bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADVANTAGES OF USING DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS AN ADJUVANT IN LAPAROSCOPIC BARIATRIC SURGERIES
Authors: Mahendra Parekh Shrutika , Arvind Arushi , Kapoor Sameer , Kloub Ghassan , Hammam Hekmat , Khalafallah Susan
Published: August 2024

The global rise in obesity rates has necessitated an increased frequency of bariatric surgeries, posing intricate challenges in anesthesia management. Dexmedetomidine, an Î±2-adrenergic receptor agonist, has emerged as a potential adjunct to general anesthesia in this context. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in 1306 adult patients undergoing elective bariatric surgery between January 2017 and September 2023, comparing outcomes with a placebo group.Dexmedetomidine was administered during both the maintenance phase of anesthesia. Key parameters including intraoperative and postoperative complications, analgesic requirements, hemodynamics, and recovery profiles were meticulously monitored and analyzed. Dexmedetomidine demonstrated sedative and analgesic-sparing effects, coupled with cardiovascular stabilization and preservation of respiratory function. Notably, it significantly reduced the utilization of anesthetic drugs, postoperative opioids, and propofol during the surgical procedure. Furthermore, dexmedetomidine exhibited efficacy in attenuating propofol injection pain, mitigating stress responses during the critical phase of extubation, and diminishing postoperative pain along with associated analgesic requirements. However, a nuanced approach to dosage was imperative, as higher doses correlated with delayed respiratory recovery and an increased incidence of bradycardia.To summarize, dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to general anesthesia in bariatric surgery presents notable advantages in enhancing recovery profiles, mitigating complications, and improving patient comfort. Optimal dosing strategies are paramount to harnessing its benefits while mitigating potential adverse effects, thereby optimizing perioperative care in this patient population.
INFLUENCE OF HOME COACHING PRACTICES ON SKILLS ACQUISITION IN MATHEMATICS AMONG PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS IN RWANDA A CASE OF RWAMAGANA DISTRICT
Authors: a Nikomeze , b Donatha
Published: August 2024

Background : Education is a critical component in human resource development. Educators typically utilise standardised test results, graduation rates, and classroom performance to assess students achievement. Coaching aims to assist individuals improve their performance across multiple disciplines. It increases their personal efficacy, development, and progress (Hamlin et al.2019). The Purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of home coaching practices on skills acquisition in mathematics among public secondary schools students in Rwanda. This study was guided by three specific objectives and three research hypotheses focusing on Home coaching practices and their infuences on skills acquisition in mathematics among public secondary schools. Methods and Results: This study utilised a mixed-methods research design. The target population were 100 teachers, 110 parents, and 20 school leaders, for a total population of 230 respondents from public secondary schools in Rwamagana District. This study used purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling procedures to create a sample group of respondents. The study collected and analysed data using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. In IBM SPSS Version 21.0, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (correlational and regression analysis) were used to show quantitative data, while content analysis helped with qualitative data analysis. Results : the study found that home coaching practices are significantly associated with students skills acquisition in mathematics in public secondary schools in Rwanda, particularly in the Rwamagana District, with most associations having a level of significance greater than 0.05 in relation to academic performance. Conclusion : The studys conclusions highlight the critical role that home coaching strategies play in helping public secondary school students in the Rwamagana District acquire mathematical abilities. The necessity for ongoing emphasis on these techniques to improve educational results is highlighted by the favorable correlations found between students performance and coaching activities. This study supports the incorporation of structured home coaching activities to improve students academic progress in mathematics by offering insightful information to educators and parents.
LOW-GRADE SINONASAL FIBROSARCOMA : A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Hemmaoui B. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Sahli M. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Balouki M. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Benariba F. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Errami N. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco.
Published: August 2024

Fibrosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor. The sinonasal localization is extremely uncommon.Theclinical presentation is similar to other neoplasms of this region, consisting of nonspecific symptoms such as epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Definitive diagnosis is obtained on the basis of histopathology and immunochemistry.This isthe case of a 40-year-old woman with a six months complaint of left nasal obstruction, recurrent epistaxis, hyposmia and cephalalgia. Nasal endoscopy revealed a regular pink soft-tissue mass filling the left nasal cavity. CT scan and MRI showed a well-defined, irregularly contoured tissue tumor,occupying the left nasal fossa, with matrix of calcifications within the tumor.A biopsy was performed, and the histopathological findings revealed a low-grade fibrosarcoma with spindle-shaped cells arranged in a herringbone pattern. The immunohistochemistry was positive for vimentin staining. The tumor was completely resected with free margins using the endoscopic endonasal approach. No adjuvant radiotherapy was prescribed.The patient is disease-free at a regular five-year postoperative follow-up.Only few cases of sinonasal fibrosarcoma has been reported in literature. There are no specific symptoms or imaging features. Still, this is the first case describing intra-tumoral calcifications. The mainstay of treatment is surgical excision with radical margins.Radiotherapy may be adjunctive in cases of positive margins or incomplete resection.
A CASE REPORT OF A RARE ODONTO-STOMATOLOGIC ANOMALY- MAXILLARY PARAPREMOLAR
Authors:   P.G Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh., Shikha Sharma , Parminder Dua ,   Professor and H.O.D, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh., Ritu Mangla ,   Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh., Divya Vyas ,   Reader, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh., a Neha ,   Senior Lecturer, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh., b Deepa ,   P.G Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh., c Abisag ,   P.G student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh.
Published: August 2024

Supernumerary teeth may be defined as the increased number of teeth present in the upper or lower arch which can be single or multiple and they can be erupted or unerupted with the prevalence of 0.1-3.4%. This abnormality occurs due to many etiological factors like genetic, systemic and local factors. In contrast to mesiodens and distomolar parapremolar occur less commonly. Their appearance is same as premolars and occur frequently in the mandibular premolar region. In the present case report a rare odontostomatologic anomaly of an erupted parapremolar in maxillary region is discussed which is located palatal to 25. Its treatment depends on the clinical condition.
ETUDE DE LEFFICACITE DES BIOPESTICIDES A BASE DE GRAINESDE NEEM ET DELENTOMOPATHOGENEBEAUVERIABASSIANA(BALS.) VUILL.POUR LA GESTION DES PRINCIPAUX INSECTES RAVAGEURS DE LA CULTURE DU NIEBE DANS LA REGION DE MARADI AU SAHEL
Authors:   Laboratoire dEntomologie II, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger, BP 240, Maradi, Niger., Amadou Laouali , Abdoulaye Ousseina ,   Laboratoire dEntomologie II, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger, BP 240, Maradi, Niger., Laminou Souleymane ,   Laboratoire dEntomologie II, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger, BP 240, Maradi, Niger., Nassirou Oumarou Mahaman ,   Centre regional de Recherche Agronomique de Tahoua, CERRA Tahoua, Niger., Habibou Mariama ,   Faculte dAgronomie, Universite Dan DickoDankoulodo de Maradi, BP 465, Maradi, Niger., Yarifou Yarifou ,   Laboratoire dEntomologie II, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger, BP 240, Maradi, Niger., Baoua Ibrahim ,   Faculte dAgronomie, Universite Dan DickoDankoulodo de Maradi, BP 465, Maradi, Niger., Tamo Manuele ,   Institut International dAgriculture Tropicale (IITA-BENIN) 08 BP: 0932 Cotonou, Benin.
Published: August 2024

The insect pests of cowpea, Vignaunguiculata L. Walper, is one of the constraints which affect the cultivation this crop in Africa. The pod sucking bug Clavigrallatomentosicollis(StÃ¥l), the flower thripsMegallurothripssjÃ¶stedti(Trybom) and the pod borer Marucavitrata(Fabricius) are the main insect pests whose damage causes considerable yield losses on cowpea crop. In this study, neem Azadirachtaindica based biopesticides and the entomopathogenBeauveriabassiana(Bals.) Vuill were tested todeterminetheir efficiency in the management of cowpea insect pests. The trials were established in a farming environment with producers in 15 villages of the Maradiregion during three consecutive cropping seasons 2020, 2021 and 2022. The experimental design is the Fisher block with 4 treatments (Neem grain, B. bassiana, Chemical pesticide and the control without treatment) and two repetitions per site. The results for this studybiopesticide treatments (Neem grains and entomopathicfungus B. bassiana) reduced the insect pest damageof 73.21% and a yields increase of 104.12% compared to the control treatment. . Neem was effective as the synthetic chemical pesticide in the management of insect pests as it reduced the populations of M. sjÃ¶stedti, M. vitrata and C. tomentosicollis by 67.29, 70.57 and 71.26%respectively. This Neem biopesticide resulted a yield increase of 140.33% on cowpea for the three years of the study. Thus, for low-income producers, neem is an available resource that can constitute an effective and ecological alternative for managing cowpea insect pests in the Sahel.
EFFECT OF TEACHERS INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES ON STUDENTS MOTIVATION IN CHEMISTRY SUBJECT IN RWANDAN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS, A CASE OF NYANZA DISTRICT
Authors:   School of Education, Department of Education Management and Curriculum Studies, Mount Kenya University, P.O.Box 5826 Kigali, Rwanda., Dufitumukiza Balthazard , Mugiraneza Faustin ,   School of Education, Department of Education Management and Curriculum Studies, Mount Kigali University, P.O Box 5826, Gatenga, Kicukiro District, Kigali.
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effect of teachers instructional strategies on students motivation in chemistry subject in Rwandan public secondary schools in Nyanza district-Rwanda. The study targeted a total of 816 students, 20 teachers, 6 head teachers which makes a target population of 842 participants from which the sample of 271 respondents encompassing students, teachers and head teachers was sampled. Simple random sampling was used to sample students while purposive sampling was used to sample teachers and head teachers. The sample size was determined using Slovins formula. Questionnaires were used to collect data and they were analyzed IBM SPSS. The relationship between teachers instructional strategies and students motivation was established with the help of Karl Pearsons correlation. According to the study results derived from a questionnaire given to students revealed that 119 (85.1 %) reported feeling more interested because of seeing a PowerPoint presentation, and while 224 (87.8%) claimed that using illustrative examples by teachers helped them maintain focus while they were learning. Interestingly, 166 (65.1%) said that their performance has improved because of their instructors instructional tactics, 231 (90.6%) stressed that their teachers do not support collaborative teaching. For teachers who manage to use variety of instructional strategies, students interest was increased therefore the relationship between teachers use of instructional strategies and students motivation was significant (p < 0.05, r = .798). The findings are useful to enhance instructions delivery by teachers. Headteachers should conduct instructional supervision to coach and support teachers to use a variety of instructional strategies.
STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE AND DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH IN PATIENTS WITH PLEURAL EFFUSION
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Vedantaa Institute of Medical Sciences, Dahanu, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences., Laddha Bhushan , Chandak Ekta ,   Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai., Gatkal Pradnya ,   Department of Medicine, Vedantaa Institute of Medical Sciences, Dahanu, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences.
Published: August 2024

Background: Pleural effusion is a common clinical problem with various underlying causes. Objective: To investigate the clinical profile and diagnostic approach in patients with pleural effusion. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with pleural effusion at Vedantaa Institute of Medical Sciences, Dahanu. Results: In our study, right sided pleural effusion was more common, seen in 48% of patients. In our present study, 62 % patients were with tuberculosis, 12 % with pneumonia, 10 % with CCF, 8% with malignancy, 4 % liver cirrhosis and 4 % septic shock etc. In our present study, out of 51 patients, transudate was present in 13 patients (26%), while exudate was present in 38 patients (74%). The accuracy of the Lights criteria for identifying exudates was 91% [confidence intervals (CI), 84-95%], with a sensitivity of 95.55 % (CI, 93-100%) and specificity of 69% (CI, 52-83%). Conclusion: A systematic diagnostic approach is essential in patients with pleural effusion to determine the underlying cause and guide appropriate management.
CHILD MIGRATION TRENDS IN INDIA: INSIGHTS FROM NATIONAL DATASETS
Authors:   Associate Professor, ASMs IBMR Chinchwad, Pune-19., Bhati Rakesh , Jasti Lakshmi ,   Assistant Professor, ASMs IBMR Chinchwad, Pune-19.
Published: August 2024

The child migration in India is a complex socio-economic phenomenon profoundly impacting childrens well-being and development. This paper analyzes trends and vulnerabilities among child migrants using national datasets, focusing on education, health, and socio-economic disparities.The study identifies a significant increase in internal migration, predominantly rural, driven by familial and economic factors. Gender disparities show higher migration rates among boys, influenced by socio-cultural norms and economic incentives. The regional disparities highlight Goa, Kerala, and Maharashtra as key migration hubs, shaped by economic opportunities and cultural dynamics. Despite higher literacy rates, migrant children face challenges like early employment and educational disruptions. Health outcomes vary, with improved nutrition but lower immunization coverage compared to non-migrant peers.Child marriage rates among migrant girls underscore socio-economic inequities. Vulnerability analysis reveals risks among economically disadvantaged and rural migrants, necessitating targeted policy interventions. The policy recommendations stress legal enforcement against child marriage and robust implementation of education and child labor laws. Collaborative efforts involving government, NGOs, and communities are crucial to address the needs of child migrants, especially from marginalized groups.This research paper informs inclusive policies to protect child migrants rights and opportunities, aiming for a more equitable societal framework.
SPACE MAINTAINERS IN PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
Authors: Ghosh Debadrita , Gupta Mukherjee Chitrita , Singh Aparna
Published: August 2024

The primary dentition plays a very important role in the childs growth and development, not only in terms of speech, chewing, appearance and the prevention of deleterious habits but also in the guidance and eruption of permanent teeth. Exfoliation of deciduous teeth is a physiological process . Premature loss of deciduous teeth occurs owing to carious lesions which may eventually lead to the mesial migration of teeth resulting in loss of the arch length. It may manifest as malocclusion in the permanent dentition in form of crowding, impaction of permanent teeth. Even supra-eruption of opposing teeth and unparalleled differences in median lines may be recorded. Therefore the implementation of space maintainers is of profound significance thereby helping in the successful maintenance of the arch length by means of regaining the lost occlusal harmony function and aesthetics. Varied space maintainers ranging from metal to fibre reinforced ones have come into existence through gradual evolution of time.
Fejlődés és felelősség: összhangban a természettel
Authors: Hornyák-Kövi Franciska
Published: August 2024

Recenzió az alábbi műről: Ollé J., Mika J. (Szerk., 2018). Iskolakultúra és környezetpedagógia. ELTE Eötvös Kiadó, Budapest
Competências empreendedoras em mulheres que atuam na economia informal brasileira
Authors: Soares Aline Paim , Traverso Luciana Davi , Maciel Jéssica da Silva , Machado Nelson Santos
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar quais as competências empreendedoras predominantes em mulheres que atuam na economia informal brasileira. Para tanto, classificou-se como um estudo qualitativo com a aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas, tendo como base o Modelo de Competências Empreendedoras de Man e Lau (2000). Emergiram da análise das entrevistas uma série de habilidades empreendedoras com destaque para consciência ecológica, valorização da importância da rede de contatos e realizações de parcerias. O trabalho traz como contribuição teórica o detalhamento das competências empreendedoras utilizadas pelas mulheres em empreendimentos informais, tendo em vista a peculiaridade deste segmento. No mais este contribui para o avanço do entendimento acerca da presença de competências empreendedoras em mulheres que atuam na economia informal, destacando sua postura profissional que é essencial para o sucesso e manutenção de seus empreendimentos neste complexo segmento mercadológico. Diante dos achados, evidencia-se a presença de maturidade empreendedora nestas mulheres empreendedoras informais, fato que quebra então a dita preconcepção de baixa profissionalização em empreendimentos deste segmento.
Application of wavelet-based multivariate long short-term memory models in prediction of stage for Teesta River, India
Authors: Chakraborty Swarnadeepa , Biswas Sujata
Published: August 2024

River stage prediction is indispensably a challenging task in flood-prone river basins to disseminate accurate early warning in advance. In this study, multivariate wavelet-based long short-term memory (WLSTM) models have been developed to predict river stage at six gauging stations of the Teesta River basin in India for 1, 3, and 5-day lead time, the comparison of which has been done with long short-term memory (LSTM) models. Various combinations of wavelet decomposed components were utilized to form different sub-series that were fed as input in WLSTM models. In terms of statistical indicators, both the models yielded exceptionally good results, but the root-mean-square error values of the WLSTM model for 1- and 3-day lead time were minimal compared to the LSTM model. However, the accuracy of the LSTM model in longer lead time prediction is noticeable. Specifically, the WLSTM model predicted the peak stage values more precisely compared to the LSTM model, indicating the potential of wavelet analysis to capture the variations and periodicities of the data by removing the noise. Though the WLSTM model marginally outperformed the LSTM model in prediction accuracy, the results highlight both models as feasible alternatives for longer lead time water level prediction.
Climate change awareness and adoption measurements of respondents toward food security in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Rizwan Ullah Muhammad , Mao Junbo , Nasrullah Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Climate change has affected all sectors of the economy, especially the agriculture sector. Pakistan is one of the developing countries in South Asia that is most vulnerable to climate change and disasters. Various studies were conducted to report on farmers’ understanding of agriculture, adaptation, mitigation, and perception of climate change. Still, the literature on farmers' awareness of climate change in Pakistan is weak. To close such a research gap, the study carried out the awareness level and related issues of farm households about climate change in Pakistan. A sample of 1,123 respondents was interviewed from the four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan, through a questionnaire. The logistic regression method was used to investigate the awareness level of farm households about climate change. Results of the study showed that 63.5% of respondents were aware of climatic shocks. The socioeconomic and demographic factors such as age, land ownership, education level, income, family size, and farming experience were directly related to the respondent's awareness of climate change.
Waga rzeźnikiem. Co w tym śmiesznego? Astrologiczny humor w Uczcie Trymalchiona Petroniusza
Authors: Krogulska Miłosława
Published: August 2024

The astrological references in Petronius’ Cena Trimalchionis (Trimalchio’ Dinner) serve an important function in establishing the comic mood. They appear as a theme in the menu, are used in a humorous way to describe human characters, and contribute to the suspense of the final scene. A critical examination of the astrological descriptions reveals inconsistencies with the ancient astrological system.
This may indicate that the author intentionally used this stylistic device to create the impression of a broken and damaged world.
Na spotkanie z nieobecnością. "Tornerai" Justyny Bargielskiej
Authors: Brysiak Anna M.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this essay is to analyze and interpret the poem titled „Tornerai” from the debut volume Dating sessions (2003) published by Justyna Bargielska. The choice is due to the assumption that the said work seems to be emblematic of the Polish poet’s oeuvre. On the one hand, it perfectly fits in with the dominant motifs present in her poetry, such as loss, death, trauma, loneliness, or abandonment, on the other hand, it shows fragmentary and oneiric poetic imagery, as well as the author’s characteristic fascination with foreignness, both linguistic and thematic. In addition, as the article attempts to demonstrate, the analyzed poem brings to the fore an autobiographical theme, that of miscarriage, which, also in Bargielska’s later texts, rises even to the status of a driving mechanism of most of her works.
Recent Advancements in Glycosylation Reactions: An Access to Privileged C- and S-glycosides
Authors: Pandey Ram Pratap , Tiwari Bindu , Pandey Anand Kumar , Hussain Nazar
Published: August 2024

Glycosylation reactions are central to carbohydrate chemistry due to their broad
applications in drug development and biological probes. Despite presenting significant
challenges and often requiring substantial amounts of promoters, these reactions yield value-
added products of immense biological importance. The incorporation of transition metal
catalysis in glycosylation reactions offers advantages, such as mild reaction conditions and
enhanced selectivity. Currently, synthetic chemists are particularly interested in C- and Sglycosides
because their glycosidic linkages exhibit greater metabolic stability compared to
the more vulnerable O-glycosides. This review aims to explore recent advances in the synthesis
of various structurally diverse and biologically relevant C- and S-glycosides, covering
literature from 2019 to 2024.
Efficient Green Synthesis and Characterization of Benzil and its Derivatives Using Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Patel Krina , Shah Drashti , Jani Dev , Savaliya Neel , Patel Dharti , Shah Ashish , Patel Pinkal , Patel Ashish
Published: August 2024

The main aim of the present work was to conduct the one-pot microwave-assisted green
synthesis of benzil and its derivatives. Benzil is acknowledged as a pivotal scaffold in the realm of
medicinal and organic chemistry, owing to its extensive utilities. Due to the various merits of the
green technology approach compared to classical methodology and the provision of sustainable
chemistry, this reaction has received renewed interest for preparing benzil derivatives in an environmentally
friendly manner with improved yields. We have, herein, presented a highly efficient route
for the synthesis of benzil derivatives utilizing acetophenone and benzene derivatives as primary
substrates. Notably, this synthesis obviates the necessity for any potentially hazardous catalyst and
employs microwave irradiation and iodine green oxidant to facilitate the reaction. All synthesized compounds
were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, such as IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectrometry. A
green and efficient microwave-assisted synthesis methodology for benzil and its derivatives has been
developed using iodine green oxidant. This approach has yielded the desired benzil derivatives with
remarkable efficiency, achieving yields ranging from 91% to 97% within a short time of 10-15 minutes;
the derivatives have been characterized using spectral techniques, viz., IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectrometry.
It is noteworthy that the entire reaction optimization process has been conducted in an environmentally
friendly manner, thereby exemplifying a synthetic methodology being both environmentally
sustainable and economically viable, compared to conventional techniques.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis and Reactivity of Some Novel Chromenopyridine Derivatives Bearing 2,4-Diamino-3-Carbonitrile Moieties
Authors: Trabelsi Amira , Khdhiri Emna , Abid Souhir , Althobaiti Lujain M. , Ammar Houcine
Published: August 2024

In the current study, we reported a cost-effective, simple strategy for the synthesis and
reactivity of a novel series of chromenopyridine derivatives involving 2,4-diamino-3-carbonitrile
moieties. These new compounds were synthesized in good yields from malononitrile and various
chromene derivatives as a precursor, which was prepared by the reduction of iminocoumarin derivatives.
The formed iminocoumarin was obtained by Knoevenagel condensation from malononitrile and
different aromatic aldehydes. These novel chromenopyridine derivatives were further reacted with
triethyl orthoformate under microwave irradiation to afford the final compounds, namely "chromenopyridine
formimidate." The structures of all molecules were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C
NMR, and elemental analysis.
Yoga for Treatment-related Complications in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials
Authors: Kumari Neelam , Mani Suresh , Chellappan Kalaivani
Published: August 2024

Background:

Despite the advancements in oncology, the prevalence of treatment-related
complications remains high throughout the course of cancer treatment. Extensive research has
indicated that yoga can have a positive influence on both physical and mental energy, potentially
alleviating the severity of these complications.

Objectives:

The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the efficacy of yoga interventions
in managing treatment-related complications among cancer patients

Methods:

A systematic search of electronic databases, including Medline, Science Direct,
Cochrane Library, and Scopus, was conducted from 2000 to 2020. The search focused on randomized
controlled trials that compared yoga interventions with other interventions for the management
of cancer treatment-related complications. Female cancer patients participating in yoga
interventions of any style and duration were included. The primary outcome measure of interest
was the change in treatment-related complications from pre- to post-yoga intervention.

Results:

A total of 20 randomized controlled trials were identified, encompassing a sample size of
1349 cancer patients. These trials incorporated six different styles of yoga to manage treatment-related
complications. The reviewed studies consistently demonstrated significant short-term improvements
in anxiety, depression, emotional function, and fatigue levels. Furthermore, regular
practice of yoga exhibited positive impacts on cognition, pain management, nausea, vomiting,
swelling, and shoulder strength improvement.

Conclusion:

The findings from the included studies strongly suggest that yoga, in its various
forms, durations, and interventions, is equally effective in managing cancer treatment-related complications.
Consequently, the integration of yoga into cancer treatment protocols has the potential
to enhance the overall quality of life for patients with cancer.
Heart Disease in Mothers of Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: da Silva Rose Mary Ferreira Lisboa
Published: August 2024

:

Female carriers of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) carry a heterozygous pathogenic
variant in the dystrophin gene and can transmit pathogenic variants to their offspring.
DMD is an X-linked recessive disease that affects up to 19.8 in every 100,000 male births.
Those carriers with symptoms can be referred to as women with dystrophinopathy. Even among
asymptomatic carriers, cardiac involvement can be verified in between 2.5% and 75% through
echocardiography. The most commonly affected wall of the left ventricle is the inferolateral,
with myocardial fibrosis detected by cardiac nuclear resonance. Therefore, screening is recommended
for these women carriers due to the risk of cardiomyopathy. There is a lack of longitudinal
studies on the evolution of these carriers. In this article, data on clinical presentation, cardiac
assessment for female patients with dystrophinopathy and DMD carriers, and approaches
for these patients are discussed.
Optimization of Lipid Production of Rhodosporidium toruloides from
Various Substrates
Authors: Shakib Pegah , Sadeghi Dastgerdi Zohreh , Sadri Irani Zahra , Madani Mahboobeh
Published: August 2024

Background and Aim:

In recent years, bioenergy has received a lot of attention from a
technical point of view due to its ability to use reversible resources and its applicability
worldwide. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, safe, renewable, and degradable fuel that is obtained from
natural sources, such as vegetable oils, food waste oils, animal fats, algae, and microorganisms.
This study aimed to optimize the lipid production of Rhodosporidium toruloides as a biofuel from
different substrates.

Materials and Methods:

In this experimental laboratory study, after lipid extraction from
Rhodosporidium toruloides CECT1137, cell biomass, nitrogen, and sugar consumption were
measured according to the Bly and Dyer method. Then, using gas chromatography, the produced
lipid compounds were identified, and lipid production was optimized by the one-factor method
(type of nitrogen source and KH2PO4) and the Taguchi method (carbon and nitrogen source,
temperature, pH, centrifuge, and time). Finally, the feasibility of mutation was investigated using
UV to optimize lipid production.

Results:

The amount of lipid produced by Rhodosporidium toruloides was 4.95 g/l, which, after
optimization by the Taguchi method, reached 8.54 g/l. Cell biomass, residual nitrogen, and
consumed sugar were measured as 14.05, 0.19, and 28.85 g/l, respectively. Optimal production
conditions were estimated by Taguchi, including 80 g/l carbon source, 1 g/l nitrogen source, 25 °
C, pH = 5.5, centrifuge at 180 rpm, and 96 hours. Most lipids produced were oleic acid and
palmitic acid. Lipid production increased after UV exposure.

Conclusion:

The results showed that Rhodosporidium toruloides can accumulate a significant
amount of lipid in its cells and can be a good alternative to plants and other sources of fuel
production.
Aggressive Prolactinoma with Progression to Pituitary Carcinoma: A Case
Report
Authors: Daniele Falaguasta , Silvia Garelli , Marta Mazzucato , Fabio Presotto , Silvia Tresso , Carlo De Riva
Published: August 2024

Adenomas of the pituitary gland, predominantly prolactinomas, can exhibit aggressive
behavior. Aggressive prolactinomas are characterized by radiographic invasion, rapid
growth, clinically significant progression despite standard therapies, and recurrence after surgery
or radiotherapy. Pituitary carcinoma is rare (0.1-0.2% of pituitary tumors) [1, 2].

Case Presentation: In 2005, a 50-year-old man presented with bitemporal hemianopsia and
severe asthenia due to a large pituitary tumor. Hormonal tests revealed hyperprolactinemia and
panhypopituitarism; he received hormonal replacement and dopamine agonists (DA) therapy
with a reduction in prolactin levels. Ten years later, he experienced tumor regrowth consistent
with pituitary apoplexy and VI cranial nerve palsy. MRI showed a macroadenoma with suprasellar
extension and compression of the optic structures. The patient underwent transsphenoidal
surgery in view of the partially resistant disease. Histopathology showed a pituitary macroadenoma,
and immunohistochemistry showed a high mitotic index (Ki-67 80%). In 2016, the patient
developed a partial deficit of the left sixth cranial nerve. He underwent a new surgery but
with incomplete resection. In view of the aggressive and resistant nature of the disease, he received
radiotherapy. In 2020, prolactin levels began to increase again. MRI showed an occipital-
temporal lesion. Subsequently, he underwent radiotherapy and started chemotherapy with
temozolomide, resulting in the normalization of prolactin levels in the absence of DA therapy.
The patient is currently in remission, with no evidence of tumor recurrence.

Conclusion: It was found that 15% of prolactinomas are resistant to DAs, and resistance to DA
may signal malignant transformation. Therefore, multimodality therapy and molecular analysis
are critical for aggressive prolactinomas and pituitary carcinoma.
Recent Patent on Diamond Grinding Wheel Dressing
Authors: Bao Yudong , Zhang Qiliang , Wu Mingtao
Published: August 2024

Diamond grinding wheels, particularly the advanced single-layer brazed variants, are indispensable
for efficiently machining hard materials such as ceramics. Effective dressing is crucial,
as it optimizes the wheel's isotropy and rotational accuracy, thereby ensuring precise machining. The
selection of dressing tools and the conditions under which they operate significantly influence wheel
quality, impacting key factors including topography, sharpness, wear rate, grinding forces, temperatures,
and the surface integrity of the machined part. Consequently, the development of costeffective,
high-performance dressing devices is of paramount importance. Furthermore, to provide a
comprehensive review of representative patents in diamond grinding wheel dressing and to analyze
the unique features, advantages, and disadvantages of various diamond grinding wheel dressing
methods. Differentiating by method, diamond grinding wheel dressing devices fall into mechanical,
memorable, and compound categories. Each patent addresses traditional device drawbacks with
unique innovations, highlighting technical gaps and development needs in respective fields. Contemporary
research in diamond dressing technology predominantly revolves around optimizing mechanical
dressing methodologies. This focus is complemented by pioneering advancements in the architectural
design and performance augmentation of dressing apparatuses, aiming to elevate efficiency
and precision in various industrial applications. Specialized dressing techniques have resulted in
many superior devices that are now widely utilized. Modern dressing devices are characterized by
their high accuracy, efficiency, and performance. The mechanical dressing method enjoys the broadest
applicability, proving highly effective for dressing diamond grinding wheels. Specialized dressing
methods, on the other hand, offer superior dressing effects and the distinct advantage of contactless
operation, thereby extending the service life of diamond grinding wheels. The composite dressing
approach, merging the best attributes of mechanical and specialized methods, presents significant
potential. Though currently underrepresented in terms of available devices, this field is expected to
see considerable development and expansion in the future.
Development of Ionic Polymer Membrane Based on PVDF for Capacitor Application
Authors: Kukreti Kamlesh , Panwar Varij
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

This patent article emphasizes the importance of sustainable materials in
energy storage research. These ionic polymer blends show potential as eco-friendly alternatives for
practical energy storage systems. We synthesized three distinct compositions of ionic polymer blends
(25/15/60, 30/15/55, and 35/15/60) using solution casting techniques. Our focus was on PVDF, PVP,
and PVSA—ionic polymers that offer environmental advantages over traditional materials.

Objective:

To address these issues, we propose the use of ionic polymer membranes. By reducing the
demand for synthetic plastics, these membranes contribute to pollution reduction. Moreover, they
offer economic and environmental benefits. Ionic polymers can also help limit carbon dioxide emissions.

Method:

In our study, we created a blend of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylpyrrolidone
(PVP), and polyvinyl sulfonic acid (PVSA). This blend was used to fabricate an ionic membrane
through the solvent casting method. The resulting membrane acts as a successful dielectric material,
sandwiched between copper electrodes. We conducted extensive characterization, including microstructure
analysis, crystal structure examination, identification of functional groups, and thermal
behavior assessment.

Conclusion:

Our investigation included electrical current density measurements using cyclic voltammetry,
elemental composition analysis, morphological studies, and material composition assessments.

Results:

Our findings demonstrate the potential of ionic polymer membranes for capacitor applications.
By varying the composition of PVDF/PVP/PVSA, we explored different dielectric properties.
Notably, the ionic polymer electrolyte can serve as an effective dielectric material, with copper electrodes
providing a practical application.

Conclusion:

Our investigation included electrical current density measurements using cyclic voltammetry,
elemental composition analysis, morphological studies, and material composition assessments.
Carrageenan and TLR4 Crosstalk: A Comprehensive Review of Inflammatory Responses in Animal Models
Authors: Wahnou Hicham , Chgari Oumaima , Ndayambaje Martin , Hba Soufyane , Ouadghiri Zaynab , Limami Youness , Oudghiri Mounia
Published: August 2024

Carrageenan, a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from red seaweed, has been
utilized extensively in the food industry as a stabilizer, thickener, and emulsifier due to its unique
gel-forming properties. This versatile compound exists in various forms, including kappa, iota,
and lambda, each with distinct characteristics suitable for different applications. Its widespread
use as a food additive has raised concerns regarding its safety, particularly its potential inflammatory
effects on the gastrointestinal tract. While carrageenan has been deemed safe for consumption
by regulatory agencies in small amounts, studies have suggested its association with intestinal inflammation
and gastrointestinal disturbances, particularly in susceptible individuals. Animal models,
including rodents and non-human primates, have been employed to investigate the inflammatory
response induced by carrageenan ingestion. These models have provided valuable insights into
the molecular mechanisms underlying its pro-inflammatory properties. At the molecular level, carrageenan
is believed to trigger inflammation by activating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling
pathways, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the recruitment of immune
cells to the site of exposure. Furthermore, carrageenan-induced inflammation may disrupt the intestinal
barrier function, facilitating the translocation of luminal antigens and exacerbating immune
responses. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the current understanding
of carrageenan's role in inflammation, encompassing its diverse applications in the food industry,
safety concerns, experimental findings from animal models, and molecular mechanisms underlying
its pro-inflammatory effects.
Role of Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Chaughule Ramesh S. , Barve Rajesh S.
Published: August 2024

Herbal medicines have helped to cure illness because the practice has
continued for generations. Multiple alkaloids/compounds that occur naturally (as
against single extracts) exhibit synergistic action and do not show antidote action. This
naturally occurring combination of compounds exhibits antiviral, antibacterial,
antiprotozoal, and antioxidant actions. The cases related to viral, protozoal, and
bacterial infections were selected. Patients with amoebiasis, e-coli, gastrointestinal
infection, skin and urinary tract infections were treated using herbal drugs. Diagnoses
were confirmed with investigations. Repeated investigations were carried out to
confirm the improvement.

Most herbal medicines do not exhibit serious side effects and are safe to prescribe,
showing greater acceptability. Thus, due to their cost effectiveness, these medicines are
in great demand for primary health care for better cultural acceptability and minimal
side effects.

Cases varying from COVID 19 to gastrointestinal infection, viral diseases, and skin and
wound infections are being treated effectively with herbal drugs.
Export as a driver of the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation
Authors: Polunina N. Yu.
Published: August 2024

Relevance. The implementation of the export potential of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is largely related to the concentration on priority supply areas, peculiar drivers of growth in the export of agroindustrial complex products. The relevance of the article is based on the identification and assessment of product drivers of export growth (exporting firms) in 2023.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the export of agricultural products of the Russian Federation.

Objectives. This goal was achieved by solving the following tasks: analyzing the volume of exports of products of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation within the framework of the National Project "International Cooperation and Export" and the annual minimum permissible effectiveness of export support measures in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation under the FP "Export of agro-industrial complex" in 2021-2023; evaluation of food drivers of export growth (exporting firms) in 2023 wheat, barley, corn, peas, lamb, pork milk powder.

Methodology. The work used well-known methods of economic research: systemic analysis, comparison, generalization, interpretation of results and other general scientific methods. In the process of research, the systematization of statistical data, scientific publications of scientists on the topic of the presented work was carried out.

Results. The analysis of the export of agricultural products of the Russian Federation was carried out and the assessment of the product drivers of export growth (exporting firms) in 2023 was given: wheat, barley, corn, peas, lamb, pork, milk powder.

Conclusions. The main idea of the article is that it is exports that are the key driver of growth in the production of agricultural products of the Russian Federation. An important condition for the development of exports in our country is the opening of new markets, which is happening by 2024, access was obtained to more than 90 countries in 236 types of agricultural products. In addition, the number of enterprises certified for export is growing every year.
Trends in the development of the financial system during the economic crisis
Authors: Vaganova O. V. , Melnikova N. S. , Bykanova N. I. , Savitskaya A. S. , Borisovskaya P. V.
Published: August 2024

Relevance. Due to the relevance of the problem under consideration in modern conditions, when the world is characterized by global financial instability and geo-economic fragmentation, the study of the characteristics of the functioning of the financial system during periods of various financial crises is of particular importance and can contribute to their better understanding.

The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the development of the financial system in conditions of the economic crisis.

Objectives: In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are predetermined and require solutions: to analyze the impact of global financial crises on the state of the financial system; based on the characteristics of the crises of 1990–1991, 2007–2008, 2020 and 2022 obtained as a result of the analysis, identify patterns of their occurrence and course, compare these crises; justify the findings.

Methodology. The article uses general scientific methods of study/cognition, logical-comparative method, cause-and-effect analysis, as well as graphical and tabular methods of reflecting research results.

Results. The article examines the impact of global financial crises on the state of the financial system. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of the crises of 1990–1991, 2007–2008, 2020 and 2022, patterns of their occurrence and course were identified. The result of the study is a comparative table of the financial crises of 2008 and 2020, as well as 2020 and 2022. It has been established that the analyzed financial crises, despite significant differences, also have certain similar features.

Conclusions. The author's conclusions obtained can be used to predict the development of the financial system and develop Russian public policy in terms of justifying preventive measures to reduce the risks of future crises.