bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic ocean topography of the northern Nordic seas: a comparison between satellite altimetry and ocean modeling
Authors: Müller Felix L. , Wekerle Claudia , Dettmering Denise , Passaro Marcello , Bosch Wolfgang , Seitz Florian
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The dynamic ocean topography (DOT) of the polar seas can be
described by satellite altimetry sea surface height observations combined
with geoid information as well as by ocean models. The altimetry observations are
characterized by an irregular sampling and seasonal sea ice coverage
complicating reliable DOT estimations. Models display various spatiotemporal
resolutions but are limited to their computational and mathematical context
and introduced forcing models. In the present paper, ALES+ retracked
altimetry ranges and derived along-track DOT heights of ESA's Envisat and
water heights of the Finite Element Sea Ice-Ocean Model (FESOM)
are compared to investigate similarities and discrepancies. The goal of the present paper is to
identify to what extent pattern and variability of the northern Nordic seas derived from
measurements and model agree with each other, respectively.
The study period covers the years 2003–2009. An assessment analysis regarding seasonal
DOT variabilities shows good agreement and confirms the dominant impact of the annual
signal in both datasets. A comparison based on estimated regional annual signal components
shows 2–3 times stronger amplitudes of the observations but good agreement of the phase.
Reducing both datasets by constant offsets and the annual signal reveals small regional
residuals and highly correlated DOT time series (Pearson linear correlation coefficient of at
least 0.67). The highest correlations can be found in areas that are ice-free and affected by
ocean currents. However, differences are visible in sea-ice-covered shelf regions. Furthermore,
remaining constant artificial elevations in the observational data can be
attributed to an insufficient
representation of the used geoid. In general, the comparison results in good agreement between
simulated and altimetry-based descriptions of the DOT in the northern Nordic seas.
Sensitivity of calving glaciers to ice-ocean interactions under climate
change: New insights from a 3D full-Stokes model
Authors: Todd Joe , Christoffersen Poul , Zwinger Thomas , Råback Peter , Benn Douglas I.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Iceberg calving accounts for between 30–60 % of net mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet, which has intensified and is now the single largest contributor to global sea level rise in the cryosphere. Changes to calving rates and the dynamics of calving glaciers represent one of the largest uncertainties in projections of future sea level rise. A growing body of observational evidence suggests that calving glaciers respond rapidly to regional environmental change, but predictive capacity is limited by the lack of suitable models capable of simulating the calving mechanism realistically. Here, we use a 3D full-Stokes calving model to investigate the environmental sensitivity of Store Glacier, a large outlet glacier in West Greenland. We focus on two environmental processes: undercutting by submarine melting and buttressing by ice mélange, and our results indicate that Store Glacier is likely to be able to withstand moderate warming perturbations in which the former is increased by 50 % and the latter reduced equivalently. However, severe perturbation with a doubling of submarine melt rates or a complete loss of ice mélange destabilizes the calving front in our model runs. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that stress and fracture patterns at Store’s terminus are complex and varied, primarily due to the influence of basal topography. Calving style and environmental sensitivity varies greatly, with propagation of surface crevasses significantly influencing iceberg production in the northern side, whereas basal crevasses dominate in the south. Any future retreat is likely to be initiated in the southern side by a combination of increased melt rate in summer and reduced mélange strength in winter. The lateral variability, as well as the importance of rotational and bending forces at the terminus, underlines the importance of using the 3D full-Stokes stress solution when modelling Greenland’s calving glaciers.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Educational Issues, Vol. 4, No. 2
Authors: Ann Priscilla
Published: February 2019

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Educational Issues, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2018.
Global Efforts to liberalize World Trade in Services
Authors: Mylonakis John
Published: February 2019

In every international or global trade summit, one can easily find the element of the Services. Nonetheless, Services companies continue to encounter obstacles to entering and operating in new markets, due to various protectionist measures in host countries. International negotiations help to globalize the Trade in Services and apply international standards and rules to facilitate information flow and partnerships, which increase world trade and further develop international trade relations. The existence and implementation of international standards and rules in all areas of the Services could facilitate the flow of information and partnerships that would increase world trade and improve international trade relations. Efforts to reach a new world agreement in Services are constantly stumbling into the refusal of the Least Developed and Developing Countries to curb the various policies of protectionism and free market penetration. The example of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, People's Republic of China, South Africa) may be a good paradigm in international negotiations but still to be proved.
GRUPOS FINANCEIROS NO CONTEXTO DA CRISE (2008): UMA ANÁLISE DOS GRUPOS BRADESCO E ITAÚSA
Authors: Augusta da Silva Gabriela
Published: February 2019

A crise financeira desencadeada em 2008 levou à falência grandes instituições financeiras e debilitou gravemente a economia de vários países. Por conta das condições econômicas anteriores a 2008 e pela pouca exposição ao mercado hipotecário estadunidense, as perspectivas tendiam a ressaltar que o Brasil continuaria blindado contra os impactos. Neste cenário um ator em especial nos chama atenção: os grupos financeiros. Eles constituem a unidade econômica predominante dentro do capitalismo contemporâneo e têm papel preponderante sobre os rumos da economia global. O trabalho analisa os dois maiores grupos financeiros privados nacionais (Itaúsa/Banco Itaú Unibanco e Bradesco), focalizando os impactos da crise e estratégias manifestas no discurso dos principais dirigentes dessas instituições e na composição acionária dos grupos. Compara-se a rede de relações de capital que se estabelecem entre as empresas de cada grupo e fora deles antes e depois da crise considerando o período de 2007 a 2011.
FUTEBOL, PODER E GENEALOGIA: A TRÍADE ESTRUTURANTE DA DOXA DO CAMPO FUTEBOLÍSTICO DE CURITIBA
Authors: Demétrio Janz Laibida Luiz
Published: February 2019

O objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar como se configuram as relações de poder no interior do campo futebolístico de Curitiba, utilizando- se de aspectos genealógicos como metodologia estruturante para estabelecer relações da doxa vigente do campo supracitado. A escolha de Curitiba se deu por ser uma região marcada pela intensa dominação e continuísmo de grupos familiares no poder da capital e do Estado que são disseminados no campo futebolístico. Esta análise se justifica pela recorrência de nomes da política local que se fizeram presentes também na Federação Paranaense de Futebol, ou seja, as questões relacionadas ao futebol estão alicerçadas nas questões genealógicas e também fazem a interface com a política local. O universo empírico dessa análise é análise bibliográfica de alguns dirigentes de clubes da capital. Para a operacionalização desta proposta será utilizada a teoria bourdieusiana para realizar uma análise do campo esportivo, faze-se necessária fazer a verificação da posição que tal campo ocupa frente aos demais campos do poder, mapear as disposições dos agentes inseridos no campo a ser estudado através da analise do habitus dos mesmos. Para Bourdieu, o campo esportivo seguiria a mesma lógica dos demais campos, quais seja a presença dos dominantes e dominados em constante disputa de capitais, e doxa e nomos
OS "ARTISTAS DA SEDUÇÃO": ENTRE MÉTODOS E TÉCNICAS, UMA MASCULINIDADE
Authors: Bueno Franco César
Published: February 2019

Este artigo traz parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa em andamento, onde se investiga a construção da identidade masculina de homens heterossexuais participantes de um site, um fórum virtual. Autointitulado comunidade, o fórum seria um espaço onde esses homens aprenderiam métodos e técnicas para a sedução de mulheres, e se tornariam assim “artistas da sedução”. Através de uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, foi realizada uma etnografia virtual analisando os ditos métodos e técnicas de sedução, bem como a recepção desses pelos participantes do fórum. A isso se articulou a fundamentação teórica do trabalho, que parte das categorias de gênero e masculinidade enquanto construções sociais, e do viés pós-moderno e pósestruturalista sobre as identidades(de gênero). Os resultados revelaram haver um padrão de comportamento generificado que é reproduzido naqueles métodos e técnicas, e dotando assim o “artista da sedução” de uma masculinidade particular invocativa de marcas como distinção, naturalidade e liderança. Deste modo, se alcança a reflexão sobre a representação de uma certa identidade masculina nos dias presentes, e se evidencia a importância de dirigir o olhar sociológico para questões de gênero expressas em mídias digitais e espaços virtuais.
Goodwill’s Accounting Practices in Belgium and Compliance with IAS 36 Required Disclosures
Authors: Tchatchou Tchaptchet Julius Gaël , Colot Olivier
Published: February 2019

This paper aims at studying the impact of the accounting treatment of goodwill on the mandatory disclosure required by the International Accounting Standard (IAS) 36 on the impairment test of goodwill. We use a sample comprising 79 companies listed on Brussels stock exchange to show that there is a great heterogeneity in current accounting treatment of goodwill. We identify two groups of companies: those that display the goodwill on a separate line in their balance sheet and those that integrate it in their intangible assets. For the later, the only way to notice the presence of goodwill is by looking at the financial statement’s notes presumably because those notes are expected to receive less scrutiny. Even if the compliance is not complete, the first group complies more with the paragraph 134 of IAS 36 than the other. Moreover, companies with a significant goodwill compared to both total assets and intangible assets are more compliant with IAS 36. The findings finally reveal that the notices issued by the Financial Service and Markets Authority (FSMA) have a limited impact on the disclosure level. There are some areas of improvement but others such as goodwill allocation to cash generating unit, determination of the recoverable amount, description of key hypothesis and the sensitivity test need more effort on compliance.
AUTONOMOUS MACHINING – RECENT ADVANCES IN PROCESS PLANNING AND CONTROL
Authors: DITTRICH Marc-André , DENKENA Berend , BOUJNAH Haythem , UHLICH Florian UHLICH
Published: February 2019

While autonomous driving has come close to reality over the recent years, machining is still characterised by many manual tasks and prone to costly errors. In this article, an overview is given about the potential
of autonomous machining and uprising technologies that support this vision. For that purpose, a definition
of autonomous machine tools and the required elements is presented. Next, selected elements of an autonomous machine tool, e.g. sensory machine components and control loops, are discussed. Finally, some insights into ongoing research projects regarding the use of machine learning for process planning and control are given.
UTILISATION OF IOT AND SENSING FOR MACHINE TOOLS
Authors: FUJISHIMA Makoto , MORI Masahiko , NARIMATSU Koichiro , IRINO Naruhiro
Published: February 2019

Strong requirements for automation in the production processes using machine tools have been increasing due to lack of high-skilled machining engineers. Automation used to be utilised in mass production, but it is also necessary in medium- to low-volume production recently. Next requirements will be monitoring or sensing functions to make the following possible: prompt service when the machine stops; detection of abnormality before the machine breaks down; and compensation of thermal displacement to ensure machining accuracy. These now need to be performed automatically in place of operators so that abnormality can be detected during machining operation. In this paper core technologies to support automation system will be discussed which are operation monitoring, predictive maintenance, sensing interface and thermal displacement compensation as
a sensing application.
DIGITAL TWINS AS A MODERN APPROACH TO DESIGN OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Authors: RAUCH Lukasz , PIETRZYK Maciej
Published: February 2019

The objective of the paper was to describe the concept of a virtual, digital equivalent to a physical process.
The basic idea of the virtual counterpart for the process called a digital twin is described first. Following this
the hybrid computer system dedicated to the design of the optimal manufacturing technology for thin steel strips is presented. The models used in the system and the database are described. Numerical tests showing capabilities of the system recapitulate the work.
1.
Die Untreuerisiken der Ausgabenträger im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Mahler Robert
Published: February 2019

Cost bearers in the healthcare sector have to prevent fraudulent invoicing by third parties at their expense so as not to expose themselves to breach of trust under German law. However, not all of them are equally committed to protecting the money of insured people and taxpayers against fraudulent practices. In this book, the author, whose investigation of a nationwide healthcare fraud scandal was extensively covered by the media, draws attention to this issue. Starting with a description of Germany’s dual healthcare system and typical manipulations regarding the invoicing of healthcare services, he highlights the risks under criminal law that cost bearers face in connection with fraudulent invoicing. He vividly combines the highly complex issues of health law and criminal law with reference to current legal practice. The book makes for insightful reading, not just for health insurance professionals but also for healthcare providers and legal practitioners.
The ABCs of Covariance
Authors: Stuart Rick , Chedister Matt
Published: February 2019

While filling three-dimensional letters, students analyzed the relationship between the height of water level and elapsed time.
Closing the Circuit on Function Concepts
Authors: Pérez Arnulfo , Braaten Bailey , MacConnell Robert
Published: February 2019

A hands-on, project-based modeling unit illustrates how real-world inquiry deepens student engagement with function concepts.
Geometry and Trigonometry Interplay
Authors: Wares Arsalan
Published: February 2019

Determining exact values of trigonometric ratios remains an integral part of the high school mathematics curriculum. Students learn to use 45-45-90° triangles and 30-60-90° triangles to determine exact function values of angles of 30°, 45°, and 60°. Such exact-value ratios can help to determine trigonometric ratios for nonstandard angle measures when trigonometric identities and algebra are used. In this lesson, students apply a geometric approach to determine exact-value trig ratios for angle measures of 22.5°, 67.5°, 15°, and 75°. Some students can extend that approach to other nonstandard angle measures.
Singing by and with heart: embodying Candomblé’s sensuous knowledge through songs and dances in Berlin
Authors:   Universidade Livre de Berlim, Graeff Nina
Published: February 2019

Através de etnografia realizada em Berlim e no Recôncavo da Bahia, minha pesquisa de doutorado buscou entender os processos subjetivos e transculturais da aprendizagem corporal (embodiment) de uma tradição oral, a religião do Candomblé, tendo como ponto de partida para a análise o meu próprio corpo. Este artigo apresenta alguns de seus resultados relacionados à transmissão de cantigas e danças na única casa de Candomblé da Alemanha. Apesar da distância do contexto cultural original, o pai de santo e outros mestres enfatizam o valor da aprendizagem prática, isto é, através do emprego intensivo do corpo, em contraponto à instrução verbal. Tal aprendizagem pressupões processos miméticos, envolvendo toda a dimensão subjetiva do aprender e, portanto, do conhecimento sensível adquirido. Busco demonstrar aqui como música e a dança atuam na incorporação da “essência emocional” (MERLEAU-PONTY, 1945) do Candomblé e dos orixás, ao passo que precisão técnica e compreensão intelectual e semântica de letras, gestos, ritmos e melodias, tornam-se secundárias. Afinal a religião em questão fundamenta-se na experiência e no compartilhar dessa essência tanto com a comunidade quanto com os orixás.
A voz no blues: identidade, questões de gênero e racialização
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Delazzeri Paola Menegat
Published: February 2019

Este artigo depreende-se da pesquisa que desenvolvi no Mestrado em Música na Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), que tratou dos significados atribuídos à prática do gênero musical blues na cidade de Caxias do Sul (RS) e, sobretudo, das práticas vocais ligadas a esse gênero musical. Nele, busco compreender como a voz se constrói a partir de valores identitários, de questões de gênero e de racialização. Objetivo, portanto, discutir, a partir da experiência etnográfica, realizada de agosto de 2017 a janeiro de 2018, a voz em performance como meio de desconstruir normatizações e binarismos ligados ao saber-fazer vocal.
Educação das relações étnico-raciais e o ensino de música: notas sobre a operacionalização do conhecimento étnico nas práticas escolares
Authors:   Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Florianópolis Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Gomes Rodrigo Cantos Savelli
Published: February 2019

O presente ensaio problematiza a educação das relações étnico-raciais para além de um “conteúdo” dos componentes curriculares, mas principalmente como uma abertura para diferentes epistemologias, cosmologias, para diferentes possiblidades de transmissão e produção do conhecimento. Isto implica revisão de valores e conceitos, reposicionamento de hierarquias, modificações das estruturas espaciais, entre outros aspectos. Com base nesta perspectiva, apresento algumas reflexões a partir de minha atuação enquanto professor do Ensino Fundamental na disciplina artes-música, em diálogo com as teorias antropológicas e etnomusicológicas, áreas que cursei no mestrado e doutorado enquanto trabalhava na escola. Recorro as noções teóricas de “escola como fronteira” (TASSINARI, 2012), “disposições adequadas” (INGOLD, 2000), “ouvido dançante” (OLIVEIRA, 2015), “musicalização do outro” (HILL, 2014) em paralelo às reflexões das vivências escolares. Busco, com isso, refletir criticamente sobre a escolarização dos conhecimentos, sobre as rotinas escolares que impedem o reconhecimento de outras formas de aprendizagem, assim como apontar outras formas de se relacionar com os saberes e de produzi-los.
Educação musical, relações étnico-raciais e decoloneidade: tensões, perspectivas e interações para a Educação Básica
Authors:   Departamento Nacional do Sesc Conservatório Brasileiro de Música - CBM-CEU Fladem Brasil/FLADEM, Batista Leonardo Moraes
Published: February 2019

O presente ensaio problematiza a educação das relações étnico-raciais para além de um “conteúdo” dos componentes curriculares, mas principalmente como uma Esse artigo aponta tensões e aborda perspectivas e interações sobre a decoloneidade para o campo da Educação Musical, com foco na Educação Básica, perpassado pelo debate acerca da Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais para o ensino da História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana. O texto aponta silenciamentos e invisibilidades causadas pelos epistemicídios presentes nos currículos e práticas pedagógico-musicais causado por um negrocídio, e apresenta perspectivas epistemológicas e interações curriculares para uma ação pedagógico-musical outra. É empregado, no decorrer do artigo, o enfoque da pesquisa subjetivista, abrangendo o campo teórico com base em perspectivas político-epistemológicas e legislativas, em diálogo com as vozes de autoras e autores que convido para discutir o tema. Proponho um caminho desobediente às hegemônicas ações estabelecidas pelas estruturas do patriarcalismo, do capitalismo e do colonialismo, impregnados e institucionalizados na sociedade que subalterniza, silencia e invisibiliza a ideia de projeto educativo emancipatório, visto de um âmbito pedagógico-musical.
From Daily Conversation to Public Speech: A Quantitative Analysis of Lexical and Grammatical Characteristics of the Corpus of Spoken Lithuanian
Authors: Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė Laura
Published: February 2019

The aim of the paper is to describe a variety of different registers of spoken Lithuanian and to discuss and compare their lexical and grammatical characteristics. Thus, in this article we: (1) characterize different registers and genres of spoken Lithuanian; (2) present a distribution of different parts of speech in the Corpus; (3) discuss the lexical diversity; (4) present the most typical inverted order of words; (5) when possible, compare our results with those obtained in written Lithuanian, Quantitative and statistical methods and a methodology of corpus linguistics were employed for the study. The study was based on the data of the Corpus of Spoken Lithuanian. During the study, all the conversations stored in the corpus were classified into five registers: academic, mass-media, casual, intimate, and consultative. An analysis of the distribution of different parts of speech revealed that the registers of spontaneous speech (namely, the casual, the intimate, and the consultative registers) did not differ among each other. However, significant differences were revealed between spontaneous and prepared speech: nouns and adjectives were more frequent in academic and mass-media discourse (both of which might be characterized as prepared speech), while adverbs, pronouns, and particles were more often used in spontaneous speech. A comparative analysis confirmed that from the perspective of the distribution of parts of speech the academic and the mass-media registers are the most similar to written language, especially to fictional texts. This might be explained by such characteristics of a fictional text as its stylistic flexibility and a presence of conversations among the personages. An analysis of lexical diversity revealed the only difference among the registers: namely, the index of noun lexical diversity distinguished among the registers, while the indices of adjective and verb lexical diversity were rather similar. Independently of the register, the most frequent verbs were sakyti ‘to say’, žinoti ‘to know’, reikėti ‘to need’, norėti ‘to want’, turėti ‘to have’, galėti ‘to be able’, and būti ‘to be’; the most frequent adjectives were didelis ‘big’, įdomus ‘interesting’, naujas ‘new’, mažas ‘small’, svarbus ‘important’, and įvairus ‘various’; and the most frequent nouns were diena ‘a day’, laikas ‘time’, žmogus ‘a man/human’, and metai ‘a year’. An analysis of the inverted word order revealed that in spontaneous speech (especially in the consultative register) the attributes quite often follow the agreement controllers; subordinate clauses precede the head nouns; and the objects are used at the onset of the clauses. However, the inverted word order was also observed in the prepared speech, that is, the academic and the mass-media registers.
Prognostic Value of Nodal Response After Preoperative Treatment of Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sada Yvonne H. , Smaglo Brandon G. , Tan Joy C. , Tran Cao Hop S. , Musher Benjamin L. , Massarweh Nader N.
Published: February 2019

Background: Pathologically positive lymph nodes (ypN+) after preoperative chemotherapy are associated with poor survival in patients with gastric cancer. Little is known about the association between response to preoperative therapy and the benefit of postoperative therapy. Methods: This retrospective cohort study of the National Cancer Database included patients with clinically node-positive (cN+) gastric cancer treated with preoperative therapy followed by surgery (2006–2014). Preoperative treatment modality was categorized as the inclusion of radiation therapy (RT) or chemotherapy alone. Pretreatment clinical and pathologic stages were used to determine pathologic treatment response rates. The association between overall risk of death and preoperative treatment, disease response, and adjuvant therapy use was evaluated using multivariable Cox regression. Results: Preoperative RT was used in 53.6% of 1,976 patients with cN+ gastric cancer, (74.3% cardia and 10.1% noncardia). The nodal response rate was 38.9% and was higher with RT than with chemotherapy alone (cardia, 46.0% vs 29.1%; P<.001; noncardia, 43.8% vs 31.9%; P=.06). Preoperative RT was associated with an approximate 2-fold increase in the odds of pathologic response compared with chemotherapy. Overall, use of adjuvant therapy was not associated with a decreased risk of death. A primary tumor response with residual nodal disease was not associated with survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.03; 95% CI, 0.66–1.60). However, a nodal response with residual primary disease was significantly associated with survival (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.44–0.65). Conclusions: More than one-third of node-positive gastric cancers showed pathologic nodal response with preoperative treatment. RT is associated with a higher response than chemotherapy. Patients with ypN+ disease have worse survival, regardless of whether they receive postoperative therapy. Future gastric cancer trials should evaluate the role of preoperative RT and individualize postoperative therapy use.
The receiving and research of properties elastomer of the containing compositions on the basis of sooligomer of polyoxydepropylenglycol about 4,4-diphenylmetandusothinonats
Authors: Mustafaeva Rena E.
Published: February 2019

The study in order to obtain high adhesion and high-elastic coating adhesive and sealant compositions. Received, they polyoxydepropylenglycol and 4.4¢-diphenylmethaneduso-thionats, kinetics of sopolicondensation. It has been established that the reaction of education migration flows tint urethane polymerization based on accession to the nitrogen Atom mobile hydrogen atoms polyester. By IR spectroscopy, we investigated the morphology of synthesized sooligomers. It is shown that combining the sooligomer with butyl rubber (copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene) increases the elasticity of the system, removes shrinkage and improves thermal and chemical resistance. For the purpose of obtaining highly adhesive and highly elastic composite material made of polyurethane sooligomers mixtures has been studied with butyl rubber (BC) with high rates of heat resistance, flexibility, chemical resistance to aggressivesurroundings, resistance and water resistance. It is shown that when mixing polyurethane copolymer with butyl rubber polymer formation occurs the system, macromolecules which mechanically interacting among themselves form a so-called grid interpenetrating.  This composition is also the most resistant to an aggressive surroundings, which makes its application promising. Comparison of differential thermal analysis sooligomers and compositions sooligomer+butyl rubber, shows that the composition of thermally more stable than sooligomer. In the work solved an important scientific and technical challenge of improving the quality of adhesive compositions. The study developed recommendations for improving the properties of adhesive compositions, competitive with respect to existing analogues for recipe structure, technology access and use adhesive compositions. Received by the specified by compositions can be used in the manufacture of polymer products for the oil, engineering industries.
BASIC REGULARITIES OF ELECTROFLOTOSORPTION EXTRACTION OF ANIONIC AND CATIONIC SURFACTANTS FROM WATER SOLUTIONS
Authors: Kolesnikov Vladimir A. , Ladigina Yulia Sh. , Kolesnikov Artem V. , Metz Evgeny Al. , Maslyannikova Daria Val
Published: February 2019

The process of sorption extraction of surfactants has been studied experimentally: sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDDS) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (SEPTAPAV) on freshly formed iron (III) hydroxides, aluminum (III), copper (II), nickel (II) and zinc (II) highly dispersed coal of OU-B grade. It has been found that the degree of removal and adsorption of surfactants depends on the ratio of the metal / surfactant concentration in the aqueous solution. It was shown that the highest values of adsorption are observed at high concentrations of anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) more than 250 mg / l in aqueous solution simultaneously with ions above these metals in the ratio metal / surfactant 1: 3. For cationic surfactant (SEPTAPAV), high adsorption rates are observed on iron hydroxide at initial surfactant concentrations from 500 to 750 mg / l. The possibility of electroflotation extraction of metal hydroxides (aluminum, iron) and surfactants in the case of both the presence of heavy metal ions and surfactants in the aqueous solution is also estimated. In addition, an electroflotation extraction of highly dispersed activated carbon of OU-B grade was carried out in the presence of non-ferrous metal hydroxides and surface-active substances of various nature from aqueous solutions. It was established that flotation and sorption in the hydroxide-surfactant system strongly depends on the critical concentration of mycel formation. The increase in the degree of extraction of particles of highly dispersed activated carbon of OU-B grade is observed in the presence of hardly soluble iron (III) hydroxides, aluminum (III) hydroxides. Based on the research, the elements of the technological scheme of the electroflotation of sewage of complex composition are given.
THE INFLUENCE OF SURFACE-ACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON THE OXIDATION OF ETHYLBENZOL, CATALYSIS OF ETHYLBENZOL OXIDATION BY CETYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIA OF BROMIDE IN COMBINATION WITH ACETYLACETANATE OF COBALT
Authors: Kashkay Aybeniz M. , Kasaikina Olga T. , Agayeva Zenfira R.
Published: February 2019

There have been studied kinetic objective laws of ethylbenzol oxidation  (RH) and decomposition of a-phenylethyl of hydroperoxide (ROOH) in the presence of cationic surface-active substance-cetyltrimethylammonia of  bromide (CTAB) and bis-(chacetylacetonate) of cobalt (Co(acac)2). The combination  of Co(acac)2 (0,1 mM) with CTAB (1mM) is a hidheffective synergetic catalytic system: the oxidation of RH at 600C is characterized by a high rate of absorption O2 and low stationar concentration of ROOH, the main product of oxidation RH in this system is acetophenon. The effective energy of activization the decomposition of ROOH is Eeff=45,5 kJ/mol, the outlet of radicals-e=0,09. It has been made a supposition that at the oxidation of ethylbenzol by the oxygen from the air, the mecanism of cobalt-bromide catalysis is realized in the system CTAB-Co(acac)2; the concentration of  reagents (ROOH, Co(II), Br) in microagregates CTAB at a small brutto concentrations of the catalysator brings to the rise of the rate of ROOH decomposition and to the fall  of the radicals outlet into volume of oxidating
The application of bipolar membranes MB-2 modified by chromium (III) hydroxide for sodium sulfate conversion process
Authors: Kozaderova Olga A. , Niftaliev Sabukhi I. , Kim Kseniya B.
Published: February 2019

The conversion process of sodium sulfate by electrodialysis with the application of bipolar membranes MB-2 modified with chromium (III) hydroxide has been realized. The investigation of the modified membranes operated under H+ and OH- - ions generation mode in an electrodialysis unit for 50 h of discontinuous operation has revealed the concentration increase of chromium and oxygen at the surface of the test samples, which can be ascribed to chromium (III) hydroxide surface segregation. However, it does not result in major changes of electrochemical properties of the modified membrane. This is confirmed by reproducibility of current-voltage characteristics, by stability of acid current efficiency during exploitation, as well as by minor changes in electrochemical impedance spectrum.The maximum sulfur acid and sodium hydroxide concentrations obtained in the recycling mode of the process of 0.5 mol/dm3 sodium sulfate conversion with the modified membranes application are 0.48 and 1.10 mol/dm3 when the salt solution and acid solutions are put into the unit with varied rate.
Biosafety considerations of open air genetic engineering. An analysis of the New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority’s reasons for not classifying organisms treated with double-stranded RNA as genetically modified or new organisms
Authors: Heinemann Jack A
Published: February 2019

The New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) issued a Decision that makes the use of externally applied double-stranded (ds)RNA molecules on eukaryotic cells or organisms technically out of scope of legislation on new organisms, because in its view the treatment does not create new or genetically modified organisms. The Decision rests on the EPA’s conclusion that dsRNA is not heritable and therefore treatments using dsRNA do not modify genes or other genetic material. I found from an independent review of the literature on the topic that each of the major scientific justifications relied upon by the EPA to conclude that exposures to exogenous sources of dsRNA were out of legislative scope was based on either an inaccurate interpretation or failure to consult the research literature on all types of eukaryotes. The Decision also has not taken into account the unique eukaryotic biodiversity of the country. The safe use of RNA-based technology holds promise for addressing complex and persistent challenges in public health, agriculture and conservation. However, the EPA removed regulatory oversight that could prevent the accidental release of viral genes or genomes by failing to restrict the source or means of modifying the dsRNA.
Genomic differentiation in an endemic Philippine genus (Aves: Sarcophanops) due to geographic isolation on recently disassociated islands
Authors: Campillo Luke C , Manthey Joseph D. , Thomson Robert C. , Hosner Peter A. , Moyle Robert G.
Published: February 2019

Phylogeographic studies of Philippine vertebrates have demonstrated that genetic variation is broadly partitioned by Pleistocene island aggregation. Contemporary island discontinuity is expected to influence genetic differentiation, but remains relatively undocumented perhaps because the current episode of island isolation started relatively recently. We investigated inter- and intra-island population structure in a Philippine endemic bird genus (Sarcophanops) to determine if genetic differentiation has evolved during the recent period of isolation. We sequenced thousands of genome-wide RAD markers from throughout the Mindanao group to assess fine-scale genetic structure across islands. Specifically, we investigated patterns of gene flow and connectivity within and between taxonomic and geographic bounds. A previous assessment of mitochondrial DNA detected deep structure between Sarcophanops samarensis and sister species, S. steerii, but was insufficient to detect differentiation within either species. Analysis of RAD markers, however, revealed structure within S. samarensis between the islands of Samar/Leyte and Bohol. This genetic differentiation likely demonstrates an effect of recent geographic isolation (post-LGM) on the genetic structure of Philippine avifauna. We suggest that the general lack of evidence for differentiation between recently isolated islands is a failure to detect subtle population structure due to past genetic sampling constraints, rather than the absence of such structure.
How a Leader Transforms Employees’ Psychological Empowerment Into Innovative Work Behavior
Authors: Prabowo Rahadi , Mustika Martina Dwi , Sjabadhyni Bertina
Published: February 2019

Businesses, especially those in urban areas, rely on innovation as the crucible of growth. Businesses must adapt to current and future conditions of their markets, consumers, and the demands of globalization. Therefore, innovation is central to a business’ success. We argue that psychological empowerment indirectly influences the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative work behavior. A transformational leader spurs their employees’ capability and efficacy. As a result, employees feel valued by the company, which encourages them to be innovative in the workplace. Thus, the employee can be innovative, without fearing the reprimand of superiors. This research surveyed 292 employees from different organization types (e.g., private sector, public sector, and nongovernmental organizations) in urban areas. The results of the study’s mediation analysis demonstrate that innovative work behavior is the outcome of the psychological empowerment from transformational leadership. Therefore, we argue that a transformational leader tends to empower their employees psychologically, which may improve employees’ ability to be more innovative at work. There are some limitations of this research (e.g., research design, adaptation of measuring instruments, and statistical remedies that have not been optimally implemented). The researchers provide suggestions regarding countermeasures for common method bias, which are outlined in the Discussion section.
Marital Satisfaction Among Dual-Earner Marriage Couples: Commuter versus Single Residences Couples
Authors: Chrishianie Chrishianie , Ginanjar Adriana Soekandar , Primasari Indira
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to compare marital satisfaction in two types of dual-earner couples, namely commuter and single residence marriage couples. Commuter marriage couples are those who live in two separate residences due to their work demands for at least part of the week, whereas single residence couples live in the same residences. A sample of 239 couples filled out the Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI). Factorial ANOVA used to compare marital satisfaction of the two groups. The result showed that commuter marriage couples have higher marital satisfaction compared to single residence dual earner couple. Men in this study reported higher marital satisfaction compared to women.
Hypothesis, analysis and synthesis, it's all Greek to me
Authors: Iliopoulos Ioannis , Ananiadou Sophia , Danchin Antoine , Ioannidis John PA , Katsikis Peter D , Ouzounis Christos A , Promponas Vasilis J
Published: February 2019

The linguistic foundations of science and technology include many terms that have been borrowed from ancient languages. In the case of terms with origins in the Greek language, the modern meaning can often differ significantly from the original one. Here we use the PubMed database to demonstrate the prevalence of words of Greek origin in the language of modern science, and call for scientists to exercise care when coining new terms.
Enhancing fitness, enjoyment, and physical self-efficacy in primary school children: a DEDIPAC naturalistic study
Authors: Vitali Francesca , Robazza Claudio , Bortoli Laura , Bertinato Luciano , Schena Federico , Lanza Massimo
Published: February 2019

Background

Physical activity (PA) (e.g., sport, physical education) promotes the psychophysical development of children, enhances health and wellbeing, offers opportunities for enjoyable experiences, and increases self-efficacy.

Methods

In the DEDIPAC framework, we conducted a naturalistic, cross-sectional study to evaluate the effects of a school-based, long-term intervention on fitness (i.e., cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, speed, and finger dexterity), body mass index (BMI), PA levels, sedentary levels, enjoyment, and physical self-efficacy in primary school children. A group of Italian children (41 boys and 39 girls, aged 10–11 years) involved in the project—named “Più Sport @ Scuola” (PS@S)—was compared with a group of children (41 boys and 39 girls) of the same age not involved in the project.

Results

After a four-year long attendance to the PS@S project, participants reported higher scores of cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, enjoyment, and physical self-efficacy compared to children not involved in the project. Correlation analysis results showed that muscular strength scores correlated positively with BMI, PA levels, and enjoyment. Flexibility of the upper body was positively related to physical self-efficacy, and negatively related to speed and BMI.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that the PS@S project enhanced fitness level, enjoyment, and physical self-efficacy of children.
Mathematical Analysis of a Fractional-order "SIR" Epidemic Model with a General Nonlinear Saturated Incidence Rate in a Chemostat
Authors: Hajji Miled El
Published: February 2019

In the present work, a fractional-order differential equation based on the Susceptible-Infected- Recovered (SIR) model with nonlinear incidence rate in a continuous reactor is proposed. A profound qualitative analysis is given. The analysis of the local and global stability of equilibrium points is carried out. It is proved that if the basic reproduction number R > 1 then the disease-persistence (endemic) equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. However, if R ≤ 1, then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. Finally, some numerical tests are done in order to validate the obtained results.
The Gasca-Maeztu Conjecture for n = 4
Authors: Vardanyan Vahagn
Published: February 2019

We consider planar GCn node sets, i.e., n-poised sets whose all n-fundamental polynomials are products of n linear factors. Gasca and Maeztu conjectured in 1982 that every such set possesses a maximal line, i.e., a line passing through n + 1 nodes of the set. Till now the conjecture is confirmed to be true for n ≤ 5. The case n = 5 was proved recently by H. Hakopian, K. Jetter, and G. Zimmermann (Numer. Math. 127 (2014) 685{713). In this paper we bring a short and simple proof of the conjecture for n = 4.
The Analysis of Intra-retinal Layers with Automatic Optical Coherence Tomography Segmentation in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Polat Osman Ahmet , Kurt Ali , Kılıç Raşit , Kocamış Özkan
Published: February 2019

Aims: To give normative databases of each retinal layers on OCT images in the healthy Caucasian population in Turkey and investigate the relevance of the data with factors such as age, gender, axial length and refraction.

Study Design: Prospective, cross sectional, descriptive study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir/TURKEY. Between September 2017 and March 2018.

Methodology: 133 participants underwent full ophthalmologic examination and spectral domain OCT imaging (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). After the automatic segmentation, central 1 mm and 1-3 mm superior, inferior, nasal and temporal thicknesses of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retina pigment epithelium (RPE), inner retinal layers (IRL), outer retinal layers (ORL) and total retina thickness (TRT) analyzed with respect to age, gender, axial length and refraction (spherical equivalent).

Results: Central 1 mm INL, ONL, ORL, IRL and TRT and four quadrants of pericentral 1-3 mm thicknesses of RPE had positive correlation with the age. All the sections of total retina, RNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, ONL and IRL thicknesses were significantly thicker in males compared to females. The thicknesses of all RNFL sections and central 1 mm circle thicknesses of TRT, IPL, INL, OPL, RPE and IRL had positive correlation with the axial length.

Conclusion: A normative database for thicknesses of intra-retinal layers in Turkish population was presented in the study and significant impacts of the age, gender and axial length were presented.
Recent Advances in Carbon‐Based Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts
Authors: Paul Rajib , Zhu Lin , Chen Hao , Qu Jia , Dai Liming
Published: February 2019

Precious noble metals (such as Pt, Ir) and nonprecious transition metals (e.g., Fe, Co), including their compounds (e.g., oxides, nitrides), have been widely investigated as efficient catalysts for energy conversion, energy storage, important chemical productions, and many industrial processes. However, they often suffer from high cost, low selectivity, poor durability, and susceptibility to gas poisoning with adverse environmental issues. As a low‐cost alternative, the first carbon‐based metal‐free catalyst (C‐MFC based on N‐doped carbon nanotubes) was discovered in 2009. Since then, various C‐MFCs have been demonstrated to show similar or even better catalytic performance than their metal‐based counterparts, attractive energy conversion and storage (e.g., fuel cells, metal–air batteries, water splitting), environmental remediation, and chemical production. Enormous progress has been achieved while the number of publications still rapidly increases every year. Herein, a critical overview of the very recent advances in this rapidly developing field during the last couple of years is presented.
Ferroelectric Properties of Perovskite Thin Films and Their Implications for Solar Energy Conversion
Authors: Röhm Holger , Leonhard Tobias , Schulz Alexander D. , Wagner Susanne , Hoffmann Michael J. , Colsmann Alexander
Published: February 2019

Whether or not methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) is a ferroelectric semiconductor has caused controversy in the literature, fueled by many misunderstandings and imprecise definitions. Correlating recent literature reports and generic crystal properties with the authors' experimental evidence, the authors show that MAPbI3 thin‐films are indeed semiconducting ferroelectrics and exhibit spontaneous polarization upon transition from the cubic high‐temperature phase to the tetragonal phase at room temperature. The polarization is predominantly oriented in‐plane and is organized in characteristic domains as probed with piezoresponse force microscopy. Drift‐diffusion simulations based on experimental patterns of polarized domains indicate a reduction of the Shockley–Read–Hall recombination of charge carriers within the perovskite grains due to the ferroelectric built‐in field and allow reproduction of the electrical solar cell properties.
From Single Molecules to Thin Film Electronics, Nanofibers, e‐Textiles and Power Cables: Bridging Length Scales with Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Müller Christian , Ouyang Liangqi , Lund Anja , Moth‐Poulsen Kasper , Hamedi Mahiar M.
Published: February 2019

Organic semiconductors are the centerpiece of several vibrant research fields from single‐molecule to organic electronics, and they are finding increasing use in bioelectronics and even classical polymer technology. The versatile chemistry and broad range of electronic functionalities of conjugated materials enable the bridging of length scales 15 orders of magnitude apart, ranging from a single nanometer (10−9 m) to the size of continents (106 m). This work provides a taste of the diverse applications that can be realized with organic semiconductors. The reader will embark on a journey from single molecular junctions to thin film organic electronics, supramolecular assemblies, biomaterials such as amyloid fibrils and nanofibrillated cellulose, conducting fibers and yarns for e‐textiles, and finally to power cables that shuffle power across thousands of kilometers.