bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ซีลีเนียมกับภาวะสุขภาพของผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวี
Authors: สิงห์โต อลงกต , ลายทิพย์ นันท์นภัส , โตรักษา สิริกัญญา , เพ็งโนนยาง สุภาพร
Published: September 2023

ซีลีเนียมเป็นแร่ธาตุที่ร่างกายต้องการในปริมาณน้อยแต่มีความจำเป็นและมีบทบาทสำคัญต่อการทำงานของระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน ผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีเป็นกลุ่มเสี่ยงต่อภาวะสุขภาพจากโรคติดเชื้อฉวยโอกาสอันเนื่องมาจากการทำงานของระบบภูมิคุ้มกันที่ลดลง การส่งเสริมให้ได้รับซีลีเนียมอย่างเพียงพอในผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวี จึงเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญอย่างหนึ่งที่ช่วยส่งเสริมภาวะสุขภาพ บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอข้อมูลความสำคัญของซีลีเนียม อาหารที่เป็นแหล่งของซีลีเนียม และความสำคัญของซีลีเนียมที่มีต่อภาวะสุขภาพของผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวี รวมถึงผลจากงานวิจัยก่อนหน้าที่มีการศึกษาวิจัยผลของการให้ซีลีเนียมจากผลิตภัณฑ์เสริมอาหารในผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีกลุ่มต่าง ๆ ต่อภาวะสุขภาพของผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีผ่านการค้นคว้างานวิจัยจากฐานข้อมูลที่น่าเชื่อถือและได้รับการยอมรับทางวิชาการ จากข้อสรุปพบว่าซีลีเนียมช่วยเพิ่มระดับภูมิคุ้มกันในผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีได้ อย่างไรก็ตาม ในกลุ่มของผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีในประเทศไทย ยังคงต้องมีการวิจัยเพิ่มเติมในอนาคตเกี่ยวกับปริมาณซีลีเนียมที่เหมาะสมในผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีและรูปแบบของผลิตภัณฑ์เสริมอาหารที่จะมีประสิทธิผลและไม่มีผลข้างเคียงต่อสุขภาพของผู้ติดเชื้อ
A Case of Extramedullary Relapse of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in the External Auditory Canal and Temporal Bone
Authors: Choi Hyunseok , Park Jaeman , Chae Sung Won , Song Jae Jun
Published: September 2023

Extramedullary relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia is rare and has been reported in 3%- 5% of patients. Relapse in the external auditory canal and the temporal bone is even more uncommon and scarcely reported. We encountered a 69-year-old male who complained about right ear pain and hearing loss. The patient had extramedullary relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia in the right external auditory canal and in the temporal bone.
La transformación de la práctica docente a través del uso de herramientas digitales en la educación nivel medio superior
Authors: Béjar Tinoco Víctor , Madrigal Moreno Flor , Madrigal Moreno Salvador , Campa Dominguez Isaid
Published: September 2023

El futuro de la educación es cambiante, por lo que la formación de los docentes es necesario para garantizar el uso y aprovechamiento de las herramientas digitales disponibles. El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer y analizar como las herramientas digitales han transformado la práctica docente en el nivel medio superior a través del uso de las TIC/TAC/TEP por parte de los docentes. Se utilizó un diseño metodológico de esta investigación exploratorio-descriptivo y transaccional ya que cuenta con apartado teórico que sustenta los constructos base de esta investigación, esta parte se realizó mediante una revisión de la literatura en sitios confiables, artículos científicos y sitios verificados para contar con bases teóricas en la integración de TIC/TAC/TEP con el desarrollo tecnológico, pedagógica comunicativa, adminstración e investigación. Así como contar nuevas formas de llevar de manera diferente el aprendizaje en la educación media superior contando prácticas docentes basadas en a tecnología de una forma flexible con una articulación tecnologica orientado a la innovación educativa.
Avaliação da atividade antifúngica in vitro da curcumina associada a terapia fotodinâmica sobre espécies do Complexo Fusarium solani e Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Brianezi Larissa de Souza , Conrado Pollyanna Cristina Vincenzi , Matos Gabriela Casa  Grande de , Caetano Wilker , Cotica Erika Seki Kioshima , Mendonça Patrícia de Souza Bonfim de
Published: September 2023

O gênero Fusarium está entre os agentes patogênicos causadores de onicomicose (OM), e incluído entre os fungos filamentosos não dermatófitos, destacando-se as espécies Fusarium solani e Fusarium oxysporum. Dentre as opções terapêuticas para OM, destaca-se a Terapia Fotodinâmica (TFD), que associada à Curcumina (CUR), mostra-se como uma proposta interessante no contexto antifúngico. O objetivo foi padronizar e avaliar a atividade antifúngica da TFD+CUR sobre isolados clínicos de Fusarium spp. A CUR foi fornecida pelo Núcleo de Pesquisa Fotodinâmicos UEM, as cepas de Fusarium, foram obtidas de amostras do Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Análises Clínicas, aprovado pelo comitê de ética (nº2.748.843). Para irradiação utilizou-se LED azul (440nm a 460nm), e a CUR foi utilizada nas concentrações de 50-0,09µmol/L. O inóculo dos isolados foi padronizado na concentração 105 UFC/mL. Após incubação de 10, 20 e 30 minutos no escuro com CUR, as placas foram irradiadas em doses: 15, 30 e 45 J/cm2. A ação antifúngica da TFD+CUR foi avaliada qualitativamente e quantitativamente. Analisou-se os resultados pelo programa GraphPad Prism 5.0®, com teste One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) e Tukey. A melhor combinação antifúngica entre tempo de incubação e fluência da TFD+CUR foi de 10 minutos para pré-irradiação e irradiação de 30 J/cm2. Nessas condições foi capaz de inativar 75% dos isolados clínicos testados a partir da concentração de 0.78µmol/L. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que a TFD+CUR foi fungicida e promissora, incentivando outras pesquisas na área da micologia médica.
O uso de cannabis medicinal no tratamento de transtornos por uso de opioides: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Ferreira Augusto Mendes , Silva Jullyana Sarah Magalhães , Cruz Kaio Figueiredo da Silva , Tizolim Marycassiely Rodrigues , Souza Junior Washington Luiz Aquino de , Lima Gabrielle Mendes
Published: September 2023

A busca por tratamentos alternativos e distintas utilidades clínicas da cannabis medicinal apresenta crescimento importante nos últimos anos. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o uso de cannabis medicinal como tratamento para os transtornos por uso de opioides. Por meio de uma análise sistemática, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed e Medline, foi realizado uma busca, dando preferência a ensaio clínicos, meta-análises e revisões bibliográficas dos últimos 10 anos, em animais e humanos utilizando os termos “cannabis”, “opioids”, “addiction” e “treatment”. Foram excluídos artigos com os termos “smoker”, “smoking” e “pregnant" no título ou resumo, também foram excluídos estudos em andamento. Observou-se redução dos sintomas de crise de abstinência, com efeito prolongado e bom perfil de segurança. Os estudos mostram resultados preliminares positivos, no entanto, contam com amostras reduzidas, sem padronização dos canabinóides sintéticos e suas respectivas posologias. Por isso, são necessários estudos com padronização de parâmetros e maior número de amostra para conclusões assertivas.
Fertilizantes fosfatados e bioativador na cultura do algodoeiro
Authors: Silva Pablo Rozo , Silva Marcos Antonio Camacho da
Published: September 2023

O experimento avaliou a aplicação de fertilizantes fosfatados e bioativador, verificando efeitos nos componentes de produção do algodoeiro. Foram realizados dois experimentos, ambos com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial (2x5 no experimento I e 3x5 no experimento II). O experimento I utilizou duas fontes fosfatadas com cinco doses de superfosfato triplo 0, 72, 143, 214 e 286 kg ha-1 e bioativador 0, 300, 600, 900 e 1200 g ha-1. O experimento II utilizou cinco doses de termofosfato magnesiano (0, 133, 267, 533 e 1067 kg ha-1), superfosfato triplo (0, 57, 114, 228 e 455 kg ha-1) e bioativador (0, 240, 480, 960 e 1920 g ha-1). As análises foram realizadas no SAS®. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparadas por meio do teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade para comparação entre fontes e análise de regressão para as doses. As aplicações de fertilizantes fosfatados e bioativador, nas condições estudadas, não influenciaram nas características avaliadas (massa média do capulho, massa de 100 sementes e rendimento de fibras). Em solos com baixo teor de fósforo, o bioativador e o superfosfato triplo apresentaram comportamento semelhante sobre a produtividade do algodoeiro. O bioativador, em solos com alto teor de fósforo, proporcionou a máxima produtividade com a dose 900 g ha-1 e o maior retorno econômico com a dose de 870,87 g ha-1. O termofosfato, em solos com baixo teor de fósforo, proporcionou a máxima produtividade na dose de 96 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e o maior retorno econômico na dose de 84,40 kg ha-1de P2O5.
Efetividade da terapia interdisciplinar nos indicadores de síndrome metabólica em adolescentes com excesso de peso
Authors: Carvalho Isabelle Zanquetta , Andreotti Karina Frandzen , Defendi Amanda Martin , Silva Bruno Ferrari , Bennemann Rose Mari
Published: September 2023

O excesso de peso constitui um importante problema de saúde pública e por sua complexidade exige um tratamento interdisciplinar, principalmente na adolescência. Assim, esse estudo teve por objetivo analisar os efeitos de intervenções interdisciplinares nas variáveis de síndrome metabólica em adolescentes com excesso de peso. Foram selecionados adolescentes entre 10 e 19 anos que atendessem aos critérios de seleção a fim de participar do Grupo de Estudos em Educação Física, Fisioterapia, Esportes, Nutrição e Desempenho. Eles receberam orientação nutricional, psicológica e quanto a realização de exercícios físicos durante 12 semanas e tiveram seus dados colhidos pré e pós-intervenção: circunferência abdominal, pressão arterial, além de exames laboratoriais (glicemia de jejum, triglicerídeos e perfil lipídico). Concluíram as 12 semanas de intervenção 26 adolescentes. Foi verificada redução significativa do valor de glicemia, no momento pós-intervenção (p = 0,004). Apesar de não serem observadas mudanças significativas em nenhuma outra variável estudada, é possível verificar que o valor médio do peso corporal, IMC, circunferência abdominal e triglicerídeos diminuíram no momento pós-intervenção. Por outro lado, o HDL-c sofreu um discreto aumento. Destaca-se 01 adolescente (3,86%) apresentou sobrepeso, 17 adolescentes (65,38%) eram obesos e 8 (30,76%) foram classificados com obesidade grave. Observou-se também que a glicemia apresentou redução significativa nos momentos pós-intervenção nos 3 grupos, sendo o de obesos o que apontou maior diminuição (p < 0,05). Desta forma, observou-se que as intervenções interdisciplinares, impactaram de maneira positiva nos indicadores contribuintes para o desenvolvimento de SM.
Atuação da psicologia no contexto de hospitalização infantil: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura brasileira
Authors: Lima Guilherme Wellington Teixeira de , Silva Leonídia Aparecida Pereira da , Silva Neto Fernando Brito da , Silva Alex José da , Gomes Lucas Araújo , Ataide Ana Clara Tito de , Santos Gracielle Malheiro dos
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar quais tem sido as práticas desenvolvidas por psicólogos hospitalares no contexto de hospitalização infantil. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura nacional publicada nos últimos 10 anos (2013-2023) por meio da realização de buscas nas bases de dados: Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PePSIC), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Estas bases de dados foram escolhidas por apresentar estudos nas áreas da psicologia hospitalar e da psicologia da saúde. Para tanto, foi aplicada a combinação dos seguintes descritores e operadores booleanos nas três bases de dados: psicologia and hospital and "criança hospitalizada", uma vez que por meio da combinação destes buscadores, os resultados obtidos demonstraram maior representatividade dentro do tema pretendido. Três trabalhos foram incluídos e outros 68 excluídos após análise. Constatou-se assim, uma baixa quantidade de estudos que enfocaram neste tema. Evidenciou-se dessa maneira, que são necessários avanços a nível científico e na própria atuação destes profissionais em instituições hospitalares brasileiras com vistas à divulgação científica nessa área.
Sono e sonolência de profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital regional no interior paraense
Authors: Goncalves Tobias Ferreira , Frazão Janice de Matos , Galvão Mayara Melo , Souza Brenda Ramos de , Tavares Jonatas Bezerra , Ferreira Ilma Pastana
Published: September 2023

O sono considerado como um estado cerebral de inconsciência passível de ser alterado pelo despertar é comum a todos os seres vivos, além de ser um dos padrões de comportamento mais importantes. Tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do sono e o nível sonolência de profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital público de alta e média complexidade no interior do Pará. Trata-se de estudo de campo, de caráter quantitativo do tipo estatístico-descritivo e corte transversal realizado com 164 profissionais de enfermagem. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico adaptado, o Índice de qualidade de sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI) e a Escala de Sonolência de Epworth (ESE). Dos profissionais de enfermagem, 65,9% apresentaram má qualidade de sono, 68,3% do total, são técnicos de enfermagem e 69,4% trabalham no turno matutino. 38,4% apresentaram índice de sonolência diurna normal. Os profissionais em sua maioria apresentaram má qualidade do sono, entretanto, os índices não demonstraram estar correlacionados com os índices de sonolência diurna.
A Semaglutida aplicada ao tratamento da obesidade: perspectivas clínicas na literatura
Authors: Zanatta Maria Carolina Alves , Rocha Fabiana Sambini da , Fumagali Tarcísia Alves Sambini , Backes Gabriela Aline , Sambini Thalita Brambilla , Matsukuma Isadora Scremin , Martinez Gabriella Abdallah , Benedetti Aline Talwany Simões , Pereira Letícia Augusto
Published: September 2023

A obesidade é uma enfermidade crônica definida por uma concentração excessiva de gordura corporal, que vem afetando mais de 1 bilhão de indivíduos em todo o mundo. Esta doença costuma estar relacionada a outros transtornos metabólicos, tais como, diabetes tipo 2 (DM2), doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (NAFLD), distúrbio renal crônico (DRC), além de alguns tipos de cânceres. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar estudos envolvendo a Semaglutida como agente antiobesidade, uma vez que o uso dos agonistas do receptor peptídeo-1 semelhante ao Glucagon (GLP-1 RA) estão sendo indicados como um dos procedimentos mais positivos no tratamento da obesidade. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, tendo como referência artigos publicados nas Bases de Dados Pubmed, Lilacs, Acervo +, Dove Press e na Revista Research, Development and Society, no período de julho/ 2022 a julho/2023. Após os filtros, restaram 41artigos, dos quais foram analisados títulos e resumos, sendo excluídos aqueles que não tratavam da perspectiva clínica do uso da Semaglutida para o tratamento da obesidade. Os 21 artigos selecionados foram submetidos a uma leitura completa, buscando-se convergências e divergências nos resultados observados. A maioria dos artigos (20) demonstraram a eficácia da semaglutida e um perfil de segurança aceitável para sua utilização, associada com terapia combinada e específica para cada paciente. Não foi apontado nenhum risco aumentado decorrente de efeitos adversos. A semaglutida se caracteriza como uma alternativa promissora no tratamento da obesidade, mostrando-se eficaz na redução significativa do peso corporal de forma sustentada.
Coronaviruses in poultry: an ongoing pandemic?
Authors:   , Weerts Erik Anthonius Wilhelmus Siebertus
Published: September 2023

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How social play experience shapes development of higher brain function
Authors:   , Bijlsma Ate
Published: September 2023

Social behavior is of great importance in human and animal life and encompasses a wide range of sophisticated social interactions. Social play behavior is believed to promote the physical, social, cognitive and emotional development of animals. Moreover, it enables animals living in social groups to practice their complex repertoire of behaviors in a simplified form. In this thesis, we test the hypothesis that social play is essential for the development of the network in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), an important brain region for behavioral flexibility in adulthood. To test this, rats are deprived of play behavior. Our research revealed a complex interaction between social play experience and the specific developmental trajectories of prefrontal subregions on inhibitory, but not excitatory, signals. In parallel experiments, adult playdeprived rats used a more simplified strategy in a PFC-dependent behavioral task. We further show that exposure to risks during play influences performance in PFC-dependent tasks and anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood and influences the development of inhibitory signals in the mPFC. In addition, our results indicated that the interactions between risky play and play deprivation were limited, suggesting that peer social play and the ability to take risks during play independently influence the development of behavior and PFC function. In summary, this thesis contributes to a better understanding of the importance of social play at the molecular and behavioral level. It becomes clear that different types of play influence different parts of brain development and behavior.
Salud y medio ambiente.
Authors: González Mares Magdalena , Cruz Gómez Modesto Javier
Published: September 2023

Este artículo pretende ofrecer alternativas para administrar estratégicamente los riesgos de incurrir en responsabilidad civil por daños a terceros como consecuencia de actividades industriales, tales como las relacionadas con la exploración y la producción de petróleo y gas. La propuesta se desarrolla al documentar distintos enfoques de análisis de riesgo que pueden ser utilizados en una colaboración entre el plano operativo (especialistas en riesgos operacionales, particularmente el “silo” de responsabilidad civil) y el plano estratégico (alta gerencia), con la finalidad de mitigar daños a la salud y al medio ambiente.
3D reconstruction of coronary arteries using deep networks from synthetic X-ray angiogram data
Authors: ATLI İbrahim , GEDİK Osman Serdar
Published: September 2023

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common health problems that are responsible for one-third of all deaths around the globe. Although X-Ray angiography has deficiencies such as two-dimensional (2D) representation of three dimensional (3D) structures, vessel overlapping, noisy background, the existence of other tissues/organs in images, etc., it is used as the gold standard technique for the diagnosis and in some cases treatment of CVDs. To overcome the deficiencies, great efforts have been drawn on retrieval of actual 3D representation of coronary arterial tree from 2D X-ray angiograms. However, the proposed algorithms are based on analytical methods and enforce some constraints. With the evolution of deep neural networks, 3D reconstruction from images can be achieved effectively. In this study, we propose a new data structure for the representation of objects in a tubular shape for 3D reconstruction of arteries using deep learning. Moreover, we propose a method to generate synthetic coronaries from data of real subjects. Then, we validate tubular shape representation using 3 typical deep learning architectures with synthetic X-ray data we produced. The input to deep learning architectures is multi-view segmented X-Ray images and the output is the structured tubular representation. We compare results qualitatively in terms of visual appearance and quantitatively in terms of Chamfer Distance and Mean Squared Error. The results demonstrate that tubular representation has promising performance in 3D reconstruction of coronaries. We observe that convolutional neural network (CNN) based architectures yield better 3D reconstruction performance with 9.9e-3 on Chamfer Distance. On the other hand, LSTM-based network fails to learn the coronary tree structure and we conclude that LSTMs are not appropriate for auto-regression problems as depicted in this study.
Disease prognosis using machine learning algorithms based on new clinical dataset
Authors: ÇOLAK Melike , TÜMER SİVRİ Talya , PERVAN AKMAN Nergis , BERKOL Ali , EKİCİ Yahya
Published: September 2023

Today, artificial intelligence-based solutions are produced to facilitate human life in almost every field. The healthcare sector is one of the sectors which took advantage of these solutions. Due to reasons such as the world’s ever-expanding population, ongoing epidemics, and the emergence of new disease types, it is becoming increasingly difficult for a patient to benefit from health services quickly and to make an accurate diagnosis. At this juncture, artificial intelligence reduces the patient density in hospitals, enables patients to access accurate information, and allows medical students to practice by seeing new cases. In this study, a new and reliable dataset was created with disease information obtained from various sources under the supervision of a specialist medical doctor. Then, new patient histories were added to the dataset used in the previous study, the experiments were repeated with the same algorithms, and the accuracy score comparison was presented. The created dataset includes 2006 unique patient histories, 358 symptoms, and 141 diseases and we think it will be a valuable dataset for researchers who make developments using machine learning in the field of healthcare. Various machine learning algorithms have been used in the training process to predict diseases belonging to different branches of medicine, such as diabetes, bronchial asthma, and covid. Besides, Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Multilayer Perceptron, Decision Tree, and Random Forest algorithms, we also studied popular boosting algorithms such as XGBoost and LightGBM. All algorithms were validated with cross-validation and performance comparisons were made with different performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. It is also the first study to achieve
an accuracy score of 99.33% with a dataset that involves a greater number of diseases than the datasets used in the studies examined.
Military camouflage classification with Mask R-CNN algorithm
Authors: KARATEPE İlkay , NABİYEV Vasif
Published: September 2023

Camouflage, which is used as an art of hiding by living things in nature, started to be used in the military field in the 19th century with the widespread use of long-range firearms. When factors such as different nations, environment and climate are considered, we come across camouflages in various colors and patterns. Over time, the camouflage patterns adopted and used by countries or unions have become national identity. This study is on the classification and segmentation of camouflaged soldiers of 5 countries with deep learning. While the similarity of the camouflaged area with the background makes segmentation difficult, it becomes difficult to classify each camouflage pattern due to the cut of the fabric and the different locations of the pattern pieces on each soldier. There are different studies in the literature that are referred to as camouflage or pattern classification. The mentioned studies are in the form of segmentation of camouflaged object or classification of camouflaged objects of different types. Since the segmented and classified objects in this study are camouflaged soldiers, what is expected from the deep learning algorithm is to classify the objects mainly according to the camouflage pattern, not their outlines. In the study, 861 camouflaged soldier images were collected for 5 countries (Türkiye-Azerbaijan, USA, Russia, China, France) and polygonal labeling was made. Türkiye and Azerbaijan are considered a class as they have similar camouflages. For the solution of the problem, military camouflage classification was discussed with the Mask R-CNN algorithm, which is widely used today for object detection, segmentation and classification, and the importance of deep learning algorithms has been proven with such a difficult problem. The training resulted in 0.005219 classification loss and 0.03985 masking loss. The classification and segmentation success rate of the study is 95%.
Heritage language use in the country of residence matters for language maintenance, but short visits to the homeland can boost heritage language outcomes
Authors: Chondrogianni Vasiliki , Daskalaki Evangelia
Published: September 2023

This study examined how heritage children's experiences with the heritage language (HL) in the country of residence (e.g., children's generation, their HL use and richness) and the country of origin (e.g., visits to and from the homeland) may change as a function of the migration generation heritage children belong to, and how this may in turn differentially influence HL outcomes. Fifty-eight Greek-English-speaking bilingual children of Greek heritage residing in Western Canada and New York City participated in the study. They belonged to three different generations of migration: a group of second-generation heritage speakers, which were children of first-generation parents; a group of mixed-generation heritage children of first- and second-generation parents; and of third-generation heritage children with second-generation parents. They were tested on a picture-naming task targeting HL vocabulary and on an elicitation task targeting syntax- and discourse-conditioned subject placement. Children's performance on both tasks was predicted by their generation status, with the third generation having significantly lower accuracy than the second and the mixed generations. HL use significantly predicted language outcomes across generations. However, visits to and from the country of origin also mattered. This study shows that HL use in the country of residence is important for HL development, but that it changes as a function of the child's generation. At the same time, the finding that the most vulnerable domains (vocabulary and discourse-conditioned subject placement) benefited from visits to the country of origin highlights the importance of both diversity of and exposure to a variety spoken by more speakers and in different contexts for HL maintenance.
Large variations in all-cause and overdose mortality among >13,000 patients in and out of opioid maintenance treatment in different settings: a comparative registry linkage study
Authors: Gabrhelík Roman , Hesse Morten , Nechanská Blanka , Handal Marte , Mravčík Viktor , Tjagvad Christian , Thylstrup Birgitte , Seid Abdu Kedir , Bukten Anne , Clausen Thomas , Skurtveit Svetlana
Published: September 2023

Background

Opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) has the potential to reduce mortality rates substantially. We aimed to compare all-cause and overdose mortality among OMT patients while in or out of OMT in two different countries with different approaches to OMT.

Methods

Two nation-wide, registry-based cohorts were linked by using similar analytical strategies. These included 3,637 male and 1,580 female patients enrolled in OMT in Czechia (years 2000–2019), and 6,387 male and 2,078 female patients enrolled in OMT in Denmark (years 2007–2018). The direct standardization method using the European (EU-27 plus EFTA 2011–2030) Standard was employed to calculate age-standardized rate to weight for age. All-cause and overdose crude mortality rates (CMR) as number of deaths per 1,000 person years (PY) in and out of OMT were calculated for all patients. CMRs were stratified by sex and OMT medication modality (methadone, buprenorphine, and buprenorphine with naloxone).

Results

Age-standardized rate for OMT patients in Czechia and Denmark was 9.7/1,000 PY and 29.8/1,000 PY, respectively. In Czechia, the all-cause CMR was 4.3/1,000 PY in treatment and 10.8/1,000 PY out of treatment. The overdose CMR was 0.5/1,000 PY in treatment and 1.2/1,000 PY out of treatment. In Denmark, the all-cause CMR was 26.6/1,000 PY in treatment and 28.2/1,000 PY out of treatment and the overdose CMR was 7.3/1,000 PY in treatment and 7.0/1,000 PY out of treatment.

Conclusion

Country-specific differences in mortality while in and out of OMT in Czechia and Denmark may be partly explained by different patient characteristics and treatment systems in the two countries. The findings contribute to the public health debate about OMT management and may be of interest to practitioners, policy and decision makers when balancing the safety and accessibility of OMT.
Qualifying a Novel Clinical Trial Endpoint (iBOX) Predictive of Long-Term Kidney Transplant Outcomes
Authors: Klein Amanda , Loupy Alexandre , Stegall Mark , Helanterä Ilkka , Kosinski Luke , Frey Eric , Aubert Olivier , Divard Gillian , Newell Kenneth , Meier-Kriesche Herwig-Ulf , Mannon Roslyn , Dumortier Thomas , Aggarwal Varun , Podichetty Jagdeep T. , O’Doherty Inish , Gaber Ahmed Osama , Fitzsimmons William E.
Published: September 2023

New immunosuppressive therapies that improve long-term graft survival are needed in kidney transplant. Critical Path Institute’s Transplant Therapeutics Consortium received a qualification opinion for the iBOX Scoring System as a novel secondary efficacy endpoint for kidney transplant clinical trials through European Medicines Agency’s qualification of novel methodologies for drug development. This is the first qualified endpoint for any transplant indication and is now available for use in kidney transplant clinical trials. Although the current efficacy failure endpoint has typically shown the noninferiority of therapeutic regimens, the iBOX Scoring System can be used to demonstrate the superiority of a new immunosuppressive therapy compared to the standard of care from 6 months to 24 months posttransplant in pivotal or exploratory drug therapeutic studies.
Study on the Aerothermoelastic Characteristics of a Body Flap Considering the Nozzle–Jet Interference
Authors: Hua Ruhao , Chen Qi , Wan Zhao , Chen Hao
Published: September 2023

A body flap/RCS-integrated configuration is often used to achieve pitch trimming and controlled flight in near space for hypersonic vehicles. Under the high temperature and pressure load induced by the expansion wave at the nozzle exit, the body flap is prone to significant structural deformation, which leads to a change in the resulting moment, even comparable to the control ability, and bring additional challenges to the control system. Based on the CFD/CTD/CSD coupling method, the aerothermoelastic effect on the aerodynamic characteristics and structural deformation of the body flap under jet interaction is systematically studied. Numerical results indicate that the pitching moment coefficients show an increasing trend for all the models, rigid, elastic and thermoelastic, while the increment significantly decreases with the increase in trajectory altitudes. With the increase in deflection angle, the pitching moment coefficients of the three models decrease nonlinearly at high altitude, and the aerothermoelastic effect significantly decreases. At a middle-lower altitudes, the pitching moment coefficient is reversed at a lager deflection angle, and the trailing edge of the body flap presents the deformation characteristics of upward bending, which makes the aerothermoelastic phenomenon degenerate into an aeroelastic problem. From the station along the chord and spanwise direction, the change in displacement increment of the thermoelastic model reflects the competitive relationship between normal stress and thermal stress imposed by jet interaction.
Multi-Domain Network Slicing in Satellite–Terrestrial Integrated Networks: A Multi-Sided Ascending-Price Auction Approach
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Zhan Yafeng , Xiao Xiaolong
Published: September 2023

With the growing demand for massive access and data transmission requests, terrestrial communication systems are inefficient in providing satisfactory services. Compared with terrestrial communication networks, satellite communication networks have the advantages of wide coverage and support for massive access services. Satellite–terrestrial integrated networks are indispensable parts of future B5G/6G networks. Challenges arise for implementing and operating a successful satellite–terrestrial integrated network, including differentiated user requirements, infrastructure compatibility, limited resource constraints, and service provider incentives. In order to support diversified services, a multi-domain network slicing approach is proposed in this study, in which network resources from both terrestrial and satellite networks are combined to build alternative routes when serving the same slice request as virtual private networks. To improve the utilization efficiency of limited resources, slice admission control is formulated as a mechanism design problem. To encourage participation and cooperation among different service providers, a multi-sided ascending-price auction mechanism is further proposed as a game theory-based solution for slice admission control and resource allocation, in which multiple strategic service providers maximize their own utilities by trading bandwidth resources. The proposed auction mechanism is proven to be strongly budget-balanced, individually rational, and obviously truthful. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, real-world historical traffic data are used in the simulation experiments and the results show that the proposed approach is asymptotically optimal with the increase in users and competitive with the polynomial-time optimal trade mechanism, in terms of admission ratio and service provider profit.
Effects of Combined Application of Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Pakchoi under Different Irrigation Water Types
Authors: Lin Shudong , Wang Chunhong , Lei Qingyuan , Wei Kai , Wang Quanjiu , Deng Mingjiang , Su Lijun , Liu Shiyao , Duan Xiaoxian
Published: September 2023

The long-term utilization of inorganic fertilizers in pakchoi cultivation can result in increased nitrate levels, potentially posing health risks to human consumers. For this study, we investigated the efficacy of organic fertilizers as a promising alternative for enhancing soil structure, improving fertility, and increasing the yield of pakchoi. A two-year field trial was conducted from 2022 to 2023 to examine the effects of the combined application of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of pakchoi. Three types of irrigation water, namely fresh water (F), brackish water (B), and magnetized–ionized brackish water (MIB), were used in combination with five different organic fertilizer rates (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kg/ha, denoted as 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4). The results revealed that treatments F2, F3, B2, B3, and MIB3 significantly improved the growth indexes of pakchoi. Notably, treatments F3, B3, and MIB3 resulted in an earlier onset of the fast growth period for leaf area index and fresh weight. During this period, we observed the highest cumulative growing degree days (ΔCGDD) values, which were 628.36 °C for plant height (MIB4), 475.01 °C for leaf area index (B3), 259.73 °C for fresh weight (B3), and 416.82 °C for dry matter accumulation (B3). The logistic model indicated an increase in eigenvalue at an organic fertilizer application rate of 60 kg/ha, while excessive fertilization had inhibitory effects. Under brackish water irrigation, both plant height and leaf area index demonstrated significant positive effects on yield, with plant height having a particularly noteworthy direct effect at a coefficient of 0.935. MIB water irrigation demonstrated superior advantages for promoting pakchoi growth, leading to significantly higher rates of fresh weight and dry matter accumulation compared to traditional brackish water irrigation. The maximum value of each growth index exerted a significant direct influence on its respective growth parameter, whereas ΔCGDD demonstrated a relatively smaller or potentially negative effect. Applying organic fertilizer appropriately can assist in the production of pakchoi and provide a scientific basis for increasing yield.
Can the Inclusion of a Vegetable Biocholine Additive in Pig Feed Contaminated with Aflatoxin Reduce Toxicological Impacts on Animal Health and Performance?
Authors: Dazuk Vanessa , Tarasconi Lara , Molosse Vitor Luiz , Cécere Bruno Giorgio Oliveira , Deolindo Guilherme Luiz , Strapazzon João Vitor , Bottari Nathieli Bianchi , Bissacotti Bianca Fagan , Schetinger Maria Rosa Chitolina , Sareta Laércio , Mendes Ricardo Evandro , Vedovatto Marcelo , Gloria Eduardo Micotti , Paiano Diovani , Galli Gabriela Miotto , Da Silva Aleksandro Schafer
Published: September 2023

(1) Background: This study’s objective was to determine whether adding vegetable biocholine (VB) to pigs’ diets would minimize the negative effects caused by daily aflatoxin (B1 + B2) intake. (2) Methods: We used seventy-two whole male pigs weaned at an average of 26 days and divided them into four groups with six replicates each (2 × 2 factorial). The treatments were identified as Afla0VB0 (negative control, without aflatoxin and without VB); Afla500VB0 (positive control, 500 µg/kg of aflatoxins; Afla0VB800 (800 mg/kg of VB); and Afla500VB800 (500 µg/kg of aflatoxin +800 mg/kg of VB). (3) Results: In the first 20 days of the experiment, only the pigs from Afla500VB0 had less weight gain and less feed consumption, different from the 30th to 40th day, when all treatments had lower performance than the negative control. In the liver, higher levels of oxygen-reactive species and lipid peroxidation were observed in Afla500VB0, associated with greater activity of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. In the jejunum, oxidative stress was associated with nitrous stress in Afla500VB0. An increase in splenic glutathione S-transferase activity in the Afla500VB800 animals was observed. (4) Conclusions: Consuming a diet contaminated with 500 µg/kg of aflatoxin influences the health and performance in the nursing phase in a silent way; however, it generates high economic losses for producers. When VB was added to the pigs’ diet in the face of an aflatoxin challenge, it showed hepatoprotective potential.
Correction: Huang, Y.-C.; Chen, B.-H. A Comparative Study on Improving Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rats by Hydrosol, Extract and Nanoemulsion Prepared from Cinnamon Leaves. Antioxidants 2023, 12, 29
Authors: Huang Yu-Chi , Chen Bing-Huei
Published: September 2023

In the original publication [...]
Regime-Specific Quant Generative Adversarial Network: A Conditional Generative Adversarial Network for Regime-Specific Deepfakes of Financial Time Series
Authors: Huang Andrew , Khushi Matloob , Suleiman Basem
Published: September 2023

Simulating financial time series (FTS) data consistent with non-stationary, empirical market behaviour is difficult, but it has valuable applications for financial risk management. A better risk estimation can improve returns on capital and capital efficiency in investment decision making. Challenges to modelling financial risk in market crisis environments are anomalous asset price behaviour and a lack of historical data to learn from. This paper proposes a novel semi-supervised approach for generating regime-specific ‘deep fakes’ of FTS data using generative adversarial networks (GANs). The proposed architecture, a regime-specific Quant GAN (RSQGAN), is a conditional GAN (cGAN) that generates class-conditional synthetic asset return data. Conditional class labels correspond to distinct market regimes that have been detected using a structural breakpoint algorithm to segment FTS into regime classes for simulation. Our RSQGAN approach accurately simulated univariate time series behaviour consistent with specific empirical regimes, outperforming equivalently configured unconditional GANs trained only on crisis regime data. To evaluate the RSQGAN performance for simulating asset return behaviour during crisis environments, we also propose four test metrics that are sensitive to path-dependent behaviour and are also actionable during a crisis environment. Our RSQGAN model design borrows from innovation in the image GAN domain by enabling a user-controlled hyperparameter for adjusting the fit of synthetic data fidelity to real-world data; however, this is at the cost of synthetic data variety. These model features suggest that RSQGAN could be a useful new tool for understanding risk and making investment decisions during a time of market crisis.
Options on Tooth Profile Modification by Hob Adjustment
Authors: Mascenik Jozef , Coranic Tomas , Krenicky Tibor
Published: September 2023

The presented contribution focuses its attention on the research on the influence of the angular setting in a hobbing mill on the adjustment of the tooth profile created by this technology. The aspect of influence from the angular settings in the hobbing mill on the final shape of the gears is investigated. In this research, the effect of substituting the curvilinear profile of the cutting edges with a straight profile is analyzed, observing how this approach affects the final geometry of the gears. An important point of this research is also the comparison of different profiling methods using the hobbing mill, specifically when using a normal cut, which is perpendicular to the helix of the milling cutter, and also when cutting along the axial plane of the hobbing mill.
Translational Research in Audiology
Authors: Szczepek Agnieszka J.
Published: September 2023

The importance of translational research in the medical sciences is growing logarithmically, as this type of research provides the translation of basic research into a clinical product (a drug, therapeutic agent or means of monitoring a disease), as well as the inverse translation of clinical findings into basic research models [...]
Predictive Value of the Münchener Funktionelle Entwicklungsdiagnostik Used to Determine Risk Factors for Motor Development in German Preterm Infants
Authors: Janning Anna , Lademann Hanne , Olbertz Dirk
Published: September 2023

Early diagnosis of developmental delays is essential to providing early developmental care. The Münchener Funktionelle Entwicklungsdiagnostik (MFED) is a simple and cost-effective tool for diagnosing the development of infants and young children. Nevertheless, the MFED has not been a well-studied part of current research. This retrospective cohort study aims to detect risk factors and assess the impact of developmental care during the first twelve months of life, using the MFED. Furthermore, it determines the MFED’s predictive value by comparing results with an international gold standard, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID II). The study included 303 infants born between 2008–2013 in Rostock, Germany, with a birth weight of ≤1500 g and/or a gestational age of ≤32 weeks, who were evaluated with the MFED at twelve months of age. To ascertain the predictive value, 213 infants underwent BSID II assessment at 24 months of age. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) were significantly associated with a higher risk of developmental delay across various domains. Post-discharge developmental care therapies did not indicate any clear beneficial effect on the infant’s development. Nevertheless, some domains of MFED demonstrate predictive value, warranting increased attention for this diagnostic.
Biosynthesis Strategy of Gold Nanoparticles and Biofabrication of a Novel Amoxicillin Gold Nanodrug to Overcome the Resistance of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens MRSA and E. coli
Authors: Halawani Eman M. S. , Alzahrani Seham S. S. , Gad El-Rab Sanaa M. F.
Published: September 2023

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has recently increased dramatically, seriously endangering human health. Herein, amoxicillin (Amoxi)-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were created as a novel drug delivery system to overcome MDR bacteria. MDR bacteria were isolated from a variety of infection sources. Phenotype, biotype, and 16S rRNA gene analyses were used for isolate identification. Additionally, Juniperus excelsa was used for the production of AuNPs. The conjugation of AuNPs with Amoxi using sodium tri-polyphosphate (TPP) as a linker to produce Amoxi-TPP-AuNPs was studied. The AuNP and Amoxi-TPP-AuNP diameters ranged from 15.99 to 24.71 nm, with spherical and hexagonal shapes. A total of 83% of amoxicillin was released from Amoxi-TPP-AuNPs after 12 h, and after 3 days, 90% of the medication was released. The Amoxi-TPP-AuNPs exhibited superior antibacterial effectiveness against MRSA and MDR E. coli strains. Amoxi-TPP-AuNPs had MICs of 3.6–8 µg mL−1 against the tested bacteria. This is 37.5–83 fold higher compared to values reported in the literature. Amoxi-TPP-AuNPs exhibit a remarkable ability against MRSA and E. coli strains. These results demonstrate the applicability of Amoxi-TPP-AuNPs as a drug delivery system to improve therapeutic action.
Non-Invasive Continuous Optical Monitoring of Cerebral Blood Flow after Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice Using Fiber Camera-Based Speckle Contrast Optical Spectroscopy
Authors: Langri Dharminder S. , Sunar Ulas
Published: September 2023

Neurocritical care focuses on monitoring cerebral blood flow (CBF) to prevent secondary brain injuries before damage becomes irreversible. Thus, there is a critical unmet need for continuous neuromonitoring methods to quantify CBF within the vulnerable cortex continuously and non-invasively. Animal models and imaging biomarkers can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms and kinetics of head injury, as well as insights for potential treatment strategies. For this purpose, we implemented an optical technique for continuous monitoring of blood flow changes after a closed head injury in a mouse model, which is based on laser speckle contrast imaging and a fiber camera-based approach. Our results indicate a significant decrease (~10%, p-value < 0.05) in blood flow within 30 min of a closed head injury. Furthermore, the low-frequency oscillation analysis also indicated much lower power in the trauma group compared to the control group. Overall, blood flow has the potential to be a biomarker for head injuries in the early phase of a trauma, and the system is useful for continuous monitoring with the potential for clinical translation.
Characterization of the Intraclonal Complexity of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia B Cells: Potential Influences of B-Cell Receptor Crosstalk with Other Stimuli
Authors: Mazzarello Andrea N. , Fitch Mark , Cardillo Martina , Ng Anita , Bhuiya Sabreen , Sharma Esha , Bagnara Davide , Kolitz Jonathan E. , Barrientos Jacqueline C. , Allen Steven L. , Rai Kanti R. , Rhodes Joanna , Hellerstein Marc K. , Chiorazzi Nicholas
Published: September 2023

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) clones contain subpopulations differing in time since the last cell division (“age”): recently born, proliferative (PF; CXCR4DimCD5Bright), intermediate (IF; CXCR4IntCD5Int), and resting (RF; CXCR4BrightCD5Dim) fractions. Herein, we used deuterium (2H) incorporation into newly synthesized DNA in patients to refine the kinetics of CLL subpopulations by characterizing two additional CXCR4/CD5 fractions, i.e., double dim (DDF; CXCR4DimCD5Dim) and double bright (DBF; CXCR4BrightCD5Bright); and intraclonal fractions differing in surface membrane (sm) IgM and IgD densities. Although DDF was enriched in recently divided cells and DBF in older cells, PF and RF remained the most enriched in youngest and oldest cells, respectively. Similarly, smIgMHigh and smIgDHigh cells were the youngest, and smIgMLow and smIgDLow were the oldest, when using smIG levels as discriminator. Surprisingly, the cells closest to the last stimulatory event bore high levels of smIG, and stimulating via TLR9 and smIG yielded a phenotype more consistent with the in vivo setting. Finally, older cells were less sensitive to in vivo inhibition by ibrutinib. Collectively, these data define additional intraclonal subpopulations with divergent ages and phenotypes and suggest that BCR engagement alone is not responsible for the smIG levels found in vivo, and the differential sensitivity of distinct fractions to ibrutinib might account, in part, for therapeutic relapse.