bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Red Raspberry Extract Protects the Skin against UVB-Induced Damage with Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Properties
Authors: Wang Pei-Wen , Cheng Yu-Chen , Hung Yu-Chiang , Lee Chih-Hung , Fang Jia-You , Li Wen-Tai , Wu Yun-Ru , Pan Tai-Long
Published: January 2019

Extensive exposure to UVB (280–320 nm) is the major risk responsible for various skin injuries. Numerous reports have shown that natural products could demonstrate photochemopreventive efficacy against UVB damage. We investigated the preventive effects and associated molecular mechanisms of red raspberry extract upon UVB-caused damage in human epidermal keratinocytes and a nude mouse model. The protein profiles and immunohistological study on a nude mouse skin indicated that red raspberry extract could prevent UVB-caused cell death and protect the skin against UVB-exposed injury manifested by wrinkling, scaling, tanning, and water loss as well as epidermal thickening. In addition, red raspberry extract application effectively abolished oxidative damage in DNA and attenuated the carbonylation level of proteins, which attributed to the activation of SOD, Nrf2 and its target genes, and HO-1. Red raspberry extract also altered the cells’ apoptotic signaling pathways including caspase-3 as well as the inflammatory cascade such as c-jun and attenuated UVB-induced activation of NF-κB and COX-2. Red raspberry extract could alleviate direct photodamage to the skin caused by UVB exposure through the ROS scavenger and protection against inflammatory responses, which may allow the development of novel strategies in protecting the skin subjected to UVB radiation.
A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Combining Therapy with Traditional Chinese Medicine-Based Psychotherapy and Chinese Herbal Medicine for Menopausal Women with Moderate to Serious Mood Disorder
Authors: Zeng Yuyan , Huang Xuchun , Chen Changqian , Nie Guangning , Cao Xiaojing , Wang Jiju , Wang Xiaoyun
Published: January 2019

Objective. To comparatively examine the effectiveness and safety of the combination therapy of traditional Chinese medicine formula Bushen-Shugan granule and psychotherapy (BSSG-P) and Chinese herbal medicine Bushen-Shugan granule (BSSG) alone in the treatment of moderate to serious mood disorder in menopausal women. Methods. In our previous clinical studies, BSSG-P had been proved to be superior to BSSG, psychological treatment, and placebo in improving mild mood disorder in menopausal women. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of BSSG-P and BSSG in the treatment of moderate to serious mood disorder. Eighty-five eligible participants, who were diagnosed as menopausal women with moderate to serious mood disorder and categorized as kidney deficiency and liver-qi stagnation pattern, were randomly assigned into two groups and treated with BSSG-P or BSSG. They were subjected to an 8-week treatment period and a 4-week follow-up study. The primary outcome instrument was the Greene Climacteric Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively. Results. When comparing all time points with baseline, both BSSG-P and BSSG markedly decreased the total score of Greene, SDS, and SAS and the score of each dimension, in which BSSG-P exerted superior effect after 8-week treatment and 4-week follow-up (P<0.05). Furthermore, BSSG-P also showed great advantage in reducing the score of Greene, SDS, and SAS for menopausal women with moderate mood disorder at the end of the 8th and 12th week when compared with BSSG (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between groups at any time point for patients with serious mood disorder (P>0.05). No serious event occurred in both groups, and no significant difference was found between groups in adverse event proportion. Conclusions. BSSG-P was superior to BSSG in improving the physical and psychological symptoms of menopausal women with mood disorder. For patients with moderate mood disorder, BSSG-P showed obvious advantages; however, no superiority was observed for serious mood disorder.
Current Practice in the Management of Pulmonary Nodules Detected on Computed Tomography Chest Scans
Authors: Leung Clarus , Shaipanich Tawimas
Published: January 2019

Lung cancer is associated with high mortality. It can present as one or more pulmonary nodules identified on computed tomography (CT) chest scans. The National Lung Screening Trial has shown that the use of low-dose CT chest screening can reduce deaths due to lung cancer. High adherence to appropriate follow-up of positive results, including imaging or interventional approaches, is an important aspect of pulmonary nodule management. Our study is one of the first to evaluate the current practice in managing pulmonary nodules and to explore potential causes for nonadherence to follow-up. This is a retrospective analysis at St. Paul’s Hospital, a tertiary healthcare center in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. We first identified CT chest scans between January 1 to June 30, 2014, that demonstrated one or more pulmonary nodules equal to or greater than 6 mm in diameter. We then looked for evidence of interventional (surgical resection or biopsy, or bronchoscopy for transbronchial biopsy and cytology) and radiological follow-up of the pulmonary nodule by searching on the province-wide CareConnect eHealth Viewer patient database. A total of 1614 CT reports were analyzed and 139 (8.6%) had a positive finding. Out of the 97 patients who received follow-up, 54.6% (N = 53) was referred for a repeat CT chest scan and 36.1% (N = 35) and 9.3% (N = 9) were referred for interventional biopsy and surgical resection, respectively. In our study, 30.2% (N = 42) of the patients with pulmonary nodules were nonadherent to follow-up. Despite the radiologist’s recommendation for follow-up within a certain time interval, only 36% had repeat imaging in a timely manner. Our findings reflect the current practice in the management of pulmonary nodules and suggest that there is a need for improvement at our academic center. Adherence to follow-up is important for the potentially near-future implementation of lung cancer screening.
Behavior and Control of the Ballastless Track‐Subgrade Vibration Induced by High‐Speed Trains Moving on the Subgrade Bed with Mud Pumping
Authors: Huang Junjie , Su Qian , Liu Ting , Wang Wei
Published: January 2019

This paper investigates behavior and control of the ballastless track‐subgrade vibration induced by high‐speed trains under mud pumping occurring in the subgrade bed. The characteristics of mud pumping occurring in the subgrade bed under the ballastless track structure are analyzed by visual observation and nondestructive testing. Then, based on the injection of the low‐viscosity epoxy resin (LVER), the repair procedures for the mud pumping are proposed. A variety of on‐site tests are performed on the ballastless track‐subgrade with and without mud pumping and also after mud pumping reinforcement to analyze the vibration of the ballastless track‐subgrade under the high‐speed trains. The test results show that mud pumping can significantly increase the vertical vibration acceleration and displacement of the ballastless track structure and slightly decrease the vibration of subgrade surface. After mud pumping reinforcement, the abnormal vibration of the ballastless track‐subgrade can be effectively controlled to make the vibration close to normal. In addition, the vibration ratio of the subgrade surface to the concrete base is proposed as a way to evaluate the effectiveness of the reinforcement of the mud pumping using the LVER, based on the vibration attenuation feature of the ballastless track‐subgrade.
The fishes of St Helena Island, central Atlantic Ocean—new records and an annotated check-list
Authors: BROWN JUDITH , BEARD ANNALEA , CLINGHAM ELIZABETH , FRICKE RONALD , HENRY LEEANN , WIRTZ PETER
Published: January 2019

A check-list of the fishes of St Helena Island is presented. The following species are recorded for the first time from St. Helena Island: Rhincodon typus, Mobula tarapacana, Muraena melanotis, Caranx latus, Seriola rivoliana, Balistes capriscus, Lutjanus jocu, Centropyge aurantonotus, Acanthurus coeruleus, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum, Tetrapturus pfluegeri, Coelorinchus geronimo, Pentaceros richardsoni, Gephyroberyx darwinii, Brotula cf multibarbata, Poromitra crassiceps, Echiostoma barbatum, Malacosteus niger, Pachystomias microdon. Including these nineteen new records there are 189 fish species currently known from St Helena. Three of them appear to be undescribed. Eight species and two subspecies are currently considered endemic to St. Helena Island.
On the type materials of the genera Interatherium Ameghino, 1887 and Icochilus Ameghino, 1889 (Interatheriidae, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from early Miocene of the Santa Cruz Province, Argentina
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ MERCEDES , FERNICOLA JUAN CARLOS , CERDEÑO ESPERANZA
Published: January 2019

The first known Interatheriinae (Interatheriidae, Notoungulata) were described by Florentino Ameghino based on fossils collected by his brother Carlos in diverse Argentinean early Miocene outcrops in the Santa Cruz Province, which are housed at different institutions. In order to perform a systematic study of the subfamily, it is essential to revise as much specimens as possible, but first of all the type material of the species under study. Due to the fact that Florentino Ameghino never referred to any type specimens with a collection number in any of his publications, their identification becomes a complex task. In consequence, when studying the species erected by Ameghino within the genera Interatherium and Icochilus, we identified a lack of correspondence between some materials catalogued as type specimens and the original descriptions. In this contribution, we present the type specimens of 18 out of the 21 Santacrucian species of Interatherium (4) and Icochilus (14) within the paleontological collection of the Museo de La Plata and Ameghino National Collection at the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”. Four case studies are presented: a) specimens correctly identified; b) materials erroneously catalogued as type specimens; c) specimens catalogued as type, whose status cannot be evaluated because they are lost; and d) specimens not catalogued as types, but herein recognised as such. As the selection of the type species of Icochilus was pending, Ic. extensus is herein designated as such. The lectotypes of Ic. extensus and Ic. multidentatus are selected among their identified syntypes.
A reappraisal of the California Roach/Hitch (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Hesperoleucus/Lavinia) species complex
Authors: BAUMSTEIGER JASON , MOYLE PETER B.
Published: January 2019

The California Roach (Hesperoleucus symmetricus) and Hitch (Lavinia exilicauda) form a species complex largely endemic to California (CA), USA. Using previous studies of this complex along with a recent comprehensive genomic analysis, we developed a highly supported taxonomic hierarchy of two genera, five species, four subspecies and multiple distinct population segments within two presently recognized species. The genera Lavinia and Hesperoleucus are supported as representing distinct lineages, despite occasional hybridization between them. While hybridization is one pathway to some speciation in this complex, hierarchical levels correlate nicely between genomic results and earlier morphological work. Hesperoleucus symmetricus is newly divided into four species (H. parvipinnis—Gualala Roach, H. mitrulus—Northern Roach, H. venustus—Coastal Roach, and H. symmetricus—California Roach) and two subspecies (H. s. serpentinus—Red Hills Roach, H. s. symmetricus—California Roach). Within H. venustus, two subspecies are identified (H. v. navarroensis—Northern Coastal Roach, and H. v. subditus—Southern Coastal Roach), which are supported by previous morphological studies but resolve discrepancies between those studies. Finally, six distinct population segments are identified within different species/subspecies: Kaweah, Russian River, Navarro River, Monterey, and Tomales Bay. Clear Lake Roach are introgressed between California and Coastal Roach, making them distinct but difficult to formally name. Results should greatly improve management and conservation of each taxonomic entity and help resolve past ambiguities. Additional studies are needed to improve range-wide boundaries and to investigate population structure within all species and subspecies identified in both Lavinia and Hesperoleucus lineages.
A new species of Fibularia from Japanese waters with a redescription of F. japonica and F. ovulum (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Clypeasteroida)
Authors: TANAKA HAYATE , WAKABAYASHI KAORI , FUJITA TOSHIHIKO
Published: January 2019

A new species, Fibularia coffea sp. nov., occurs from shallow waters in Japan. This new species is distinguished from the other species of Fibularia by the following characters: test height is low, oral surface is slightly depressed toward the peristome, number of pores of petal III continues to increase with the test growth, reaching over 30 at TL > 7.5 mm, and black pigments form symmetric pentaradial on aboral surface in living animals. Two further Japanese species, Fibularia japonica and F. ovulum, are redescribed based on the type specimens (F. japonica) and additional specimens (F. ovulum), respectively. A tabular key to the extant species of Fibularia is also provided. A partial fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of the type specimens of F. coffea sp. nov. and the additional specimen of F. japonica was sequenced for barcoding in future works.
New Black Fungus Gnats (Diptera, Sciaridae) of North America. Part V. Genera Pseudolycoriella Menzel & Mohrig and Phytosciara Frey
Authors: MOHRIG WERNER , KAUSCHKE ELLEN
Published: January 2019

In the Nearctic region the genus Pseudolycoriella currently includes 13 species. The following seven species are new to science: Psl. basisetosa sp. n., Psl. brevialata sp. n., Psl. chlorothoracica sp. n., Psl. flavipila sp. n., Psl. longisetosa sp. n., Psl. nocturna sp. n. and Psl. subjucunda sp. n. All species are keyed, figured and distribution data is given. Ostroverkhovana Komarova, 2002 is regarded as a junior synonym of Pseudolycoriella Menzel & Mohrig, 1998. Phytosciara (Prosc.) plusiochaeta (Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1991) is reported from North America for the first time.
The vocalization of Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1888) (Anura, Hemiphractidae) from the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil
Authors: ROBERTO IGOR JOVENTINO , SANTOS EDNILZA MARANHÃO DOS , DE CARVALHO THIAGO RIBEIRO
Published: January 2019

Gastrotheca Fitzinger, 1843 (Hemiphractidae) is composed of 70 species classified into four species groups, among which Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1882) and G. microdiscus (Andersson, 1910) species groups are distributed in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Castroviejo-Fisher et al. 2015; Duellman & Venegas 2016). The Gastrotheca fissipes group comprises six species: G. fissipes, G. flamma Juncá & Nunes, 2008, G. megacephala Izecksohn, Carvalho-e-Silva & Peixoto, 2009, G. prasina Teixeira Jr. et al. 2012, G. pulchra Caramaschi & Rodrigues, 2007, and G. recava Teixeira Jr. et al. 2012, and most of these species are distributed in the northern Atlantic Forest, the most threatened region of the Atlantic Forest Domain (Ribeiro et al. 2009).
The taxonomic identity of some enigmatic darkling beetle genera: Archinamaqua Schawaller, 2012 and Menederopsis Koch, 1954 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Namaqualand, South Africa
Authors: KAMIŃSKI MARCIN J. , SCHAWALLER WOLFGANG
Published: January 2019

Based on the newly established synonymy of the type species (i.e., Menederopsis constrictus Koch, 1954 = Archinamaqua lyleae Schawaller, 2012 syn. nov.) the genus-group name Archinamaqua Schawaller, 2012 (Pimeliinae: Tentyriini) is interpreted as a junior synonym of Menederopsis Koch, 1954 (Tenebrioninae: Eurynotina). This newly interpreted taxon has a restricted distributional area on sand dunes in Namaqualand, western South Africa.
On the taxonomic status of Lygosoma (Keneuxia) dubium Werner, 1909
Authors: GEISSLER PETER , KUPFER ALEXANDER
Published: January 2019

The species Lygosoma (Keneuxia) dubium was described by Franz Werner (1909) based on a single specimen from the Royal Natural History Cabinet (Königliches Naturalienkabinett) in Stuttgart, collection number 3651. According to the original description the specimen was collected by “Direktor Mayer” in Yokohama, Japan in 1897. Much later Nakamura & Ueno (1963) transferred the species to the Genus Dasia Gray, 1839, without further comments. Recently Uetz et al. (2018) questioned the type locality given by Werner (1909) and suggested that the name Lygosoma dubium is likely to be a synonym of Dasia grisea (Gray, 1845) referring to a personal comment of T. Hikida in 2014. However the actual taxonomic status of the species still remains unresolved.
New Linear Codes over GF(3), GF(11), and GF(13)
Authors: AYDİN Nuh , FORET Derek
Published: January 2019

Explicit construction of linear codes with best possible parameters is one of the major and challenging problems in coding theory. Cyclic codes and their various generalizations, such as quasi-twisted (QT) codes, are known to contain many codes with best known parameters. Despite the fact that these classes of codes have been extensively searched, we have been able to refine existing search algorithms to discover many new linear codes over the alphabets $\mathbb{F}_{3}$, $\mathbb{F}_{11}$, and $\mathbb{F}_{13}$ with better parameters. A total of 38 new linear codes over the three alphabets are presented.
Betweenness centrality in convex amalgamation of graphs
Authors: KUMAR RAGHAVAN UNNİTHAN Sunil , BALAKRİSHNAN Kannan
Published: January 2019

Betweenness centrality measures the potential or power of a node to control the communication
over the network under the assumption that information flows primarily over the shortest
paths between pair of nodes. The removal of a node with highest betweenness from the network
will most disrupt communications between other nodes because it lies on the largest number
of paths. A large network can be thought of as inter-connection between smaller networks by
means of different graph operations. Thus the structure of a composite graph can be studied by
analysing its component graphs. In this paper we present the betweenness centrality of some
classes of composite graphs constructed by the graph operation called amalgamation or merging.
PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN DIVAIS SENSOR GAS CO BERBASIS INDIUM TIMAH OKSIDA (ITO) DENGAN TEKNOLOGI LAPISAN TIPIS
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Wiranto Goib
Published: January 2019

In this paper it will be described the design and manufacturing of microdevice to be used as platform for Carbon monoxide (CO) gas sensor based on indium tin oxide (ITO). The device has been designed on silicon substrate with an active area of 3x3 mm2 , and consisted of bonding pad, heater, electrode, and temperature sensor components. The minimum feature size used is 50 microns, as allowed by the capability of photolithographic process. The formation of microdevice structure has been done mainly using lift-off technique on platinum (Pt) layer, which was deposited by DC sputtering with aluminium (Al) as sacrificial layer. The overall chip dimension is not more than 5x5 mm2.  The measurement conducted to study the resistance versus temperature characteristics has shown  that the heater and temperature sensor elements have functioned as expected, in which their resistances change linearly with an increase in substrate temperature between 20 – 200 oC. The range of increase in resistance values for the heater is 500 – 1000 ohm, whereas for the temperature sensor is 100 – 300 ohm.Keywords: Microdevices, lift-off process, sputtering, electrode, heater, gas sensor, ITO, CO gas.
PREPARASI CONTOH UJI PROFISIENSI UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA KIMIA BERBAHAYA
Authors: Boes Evita
Published: January 2019

The sample of proficiency test for hazard chemical compounds in organic and water sample has been made to identify hazard chemical compounds. Here, various matrix was added to these hazard chemical compound. The organic sample derived from organic waste added with dichloromethane as the solvent, undecane 100 µl/mL, 1,2-dimethylbenzene 12 µl/mL, diesel  100 µl/mL and tributhyl phosphate 10,02 µg/mL, whereas water sample derived from  water waste added with magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 120 µg/mL, sodium carbonate anhydrous 106 µg/mL, sodium sulfate anhydrous 284 µg/mL, calsium chloride  dyhidrate 222 µg/mL, dikhloromethane 2,5 µl/mL, polyethylene glycol 505,4 µg/mL, 3,5 dihydroxytoluene 10,05 µg/mL and α methyl-α-propyl succinimide 10,01 µg/mL. Hazard chemical compounds  that being added are Bis (3-methylbutyl) ethylphosphonate 10,04±0,31 µg/mL, Bis (2-chloroethyl) methylamine  20,59±0,14 µg/mL for organic sample and Pinacolyl methylphosphonate 9,80±0,18 µg/mL and Triethanolamine 14,84±0,10 µg/mL for water sample.  Homogeneity and stability are determined quantitatively using  GC-FPD (P-mode) and GC-FID with calibration curve using internal standard dibuty butylphosphonate, 2,6-dimethylphenol, dibutylphosphate and Bis (2-hydroxypropyl) aminoethanol with Relative Standard Deviation (RSD)  8,10 % and 12,40 µg/mL for Bis (3-methylbutyl) ethylphosphonate and 3,46 % and 14,19 µg/mL for Bis (2-chloroethyl) methylamine and 2,22 % and 11,28 µg/mL for Pinacolyl methylphosphonate and 2,70 % and 11,47 µg/mL for Triethanolamine.  Relative Standard Deviation is a homogeneity value with requirements below 20 % and stability is a degradation result which value is less than 30 %.Keywords: hazard chemical compounds, proficiency test, homogeneity, stability, relative standard deviation
CHEMICAL CATALYTIC AND BIOCATALYTIC PROCESS OF CLOVE OIL DERIVATIVES REVIEW
Authors: Tursiloadi Silvester , Artanti Nina , Sulaswatty Anny
Published: January 2019

In 2011, Indonesian clove oil supply reached about 75 % (4,500 of 6,000 tons) of the world market. Utilization of clove oil and clove oil derivatives in aromatic chemical industry primarily as a mixture or additive of fragrances in the daily consumed product, such as perfumes, skin care products, deodorant, soap, shampoo, detergent, besides it is also used as an ingredient in the production of synthetic vanilla.  The content of eugenol as the main compound in the essential oil in the clove flower, flower stalk and leaf have a range of 90-95 %, 83-95 % and 82-87 % respectively.  The compounds content in clove oil is divided into two categories, phenolics (eugenol) and non-phenolic (beta-caryophyllene) that can be derivatized with various chemocatalytic and biocatalytic processes. Separation of the compounds in clove oil can be conducted by adding NaOH with repeated distillation. This process produces two layers product, the first layer contains eugenol and NaOH, while the second layer contains beta-caryophyllene. Derivatization of eugenol are conducted to produce various products such as vanilla, eugenyl ether, methyl ether eugenyl, eugenyl ethyl ether, eugenyl acetate, eugenyl cinnamate, dimmer eugenol and eugenyl benzoate, whereas derivatization of beta-caryophyllene are conducted to produce products such as caryophyllene oxide, kobusan, glycols, alcohols caryophyllene, β-caryolanylformate and kovanilformate, klovanildiformate, caryophyllene ketol.  Biocatalysis or biotransformation can be defined as the use of biological systems (intact cells, cell extracts or isolated enzymes) to catalyze the conversion of a compound into another. Besides the common chemocatalysis system for derivatization of clove oil and clove oil compound such as eugenol into other compounds some biocatalysis systems were also described in this paper.Keywords: Clove oil, eugenol, beta-caryophyllene, derivatization, chemical catalysis, biocatalysis
PENGGUNAAN BAHAN ACUAN BERSERTIFIKAT OYSTER TISSUE 1566b SEBAGAI INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL UNTUK MENENTUKAN KADAR TIMBAL TOTAL DALAM TEPUNG IKAN MARLIN DENGAN ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Nugraha Willy Cahya , Ridwan Yohanes Susanto
Published: January 2019

Lead is widely knows as one of the harmful pollutants for humans. Contaminated fishery built by lead may endanger the consumption body. Therefore, contamination monitoring for the fishery products is necessary to be conducted. To ensure the validity of data, Oyster Tissue 1566b certified reference material was used as Internal Quality Control. Marlin fish powder and certified reference materials were analyzed with the same method, personnel, duration or time, equipment and environmental conditions. As the results, it was found that the lead contained in CRM was 0.306 mg.kg-1 with 11.9 % rsd, which is within range of lead content in  the certificate. The method was applied for Marlin Fish. Lead content obtained in this study (1.821 mg.kg-1 with 11.06 % rsd) can be reported with high level of confidence.Keywords: Lead, Certified Reference Materials, Marlin fish
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN CHEMICAL MODIFIER PADA ANALISIS LOGAM DAN SEMI LOGAM DENGAN GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Ketrin Rosi
Published: January 2019

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF-AAS) is not a new method in chemical analysis, especially for metals and metalloids, unfortunately there are a lot of laboratories in Indonesia that still not used it correctly, whereas if used it correctly, the method will be an excellent and can be a reference method. This review focus on the kinds of interferences in the GF-AAS such as spectral, physic and chemical interferences and alsoon the use of a lot of kinds of chemical modifier that very important part in analysis by GF-AAS, however it is often unused because of the difficulty. It is noted that highest absorption level from each analyte is different even though used the same modifier and ashing temperature, therefore the selection of chemical modifier is important to find the appropriate modifier for each analyte and their matrixes.Keyword: GF-AAS, spectral interferences, physic interferences, chemical interferences, chemical modifier
Apresentação (Presentation)
Authors: Weinstein José , Muñoz Gonzalo , Louzano Paula
Published: January 2019

Apresentação do Dossiê "Liderança Educacional".Presentation of the "Educational Leadership" dossier.Introducción del dossier "Liderazgo Educativo"Keywords: Educational leadershipPalavras-chave: Liderança educacionalPalabras claves: Liderazgo educativo
Carta ao Leitor (Letter to the reader)
Authors: Conti Celso Luiz Aparecido
Published: January 2019

Carta ao leitor, v.13, n.1, jan./abr. 2019.Letter to the reader, v.13, n.1, Jan./Apr. 2019.Keywords: Educational leadershipPalavras-chave: Liderança educacional
The effect of cigarette tobacco extract exposure on the level of lysozyme and lactoferrin in the saliva
Authors: Ishchenko O. , Yupatova T.
Published: January 2019

The purpose of the research was to investigate the influence of cigarette tobacco extract (CTE) exposure on the level of lysozyme and lactoferrin in the saliva. Material and methods. We examined 15 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of II-III GOLD (8 smokers/7 non-smokers). The control group consisted of smokers with normal pulmonary function (healthy smokers)(n=7), and non-smokers (n=9). The saliva was taken before and after the cigarette tobacco extract exposure. Results. We determined that the levels of lysozyme and lactoferrin in the saliva after CTE exposure have changed. The level of lysozyme increased in all patients (smokers and non-smokers) in the COPD group, as and in 5 healthy non-smokers (70%). The level of lactoferrin increased in the COPD group too, it was and in 85% healthy non-smoking participants (n=6). In healthy smokers the levels of lysozyme and lactoferrin did not change. Conclusions. Our study showed that cigarette tobacco extract (CTE) exposure causes changes in saliva level lysozyme and lactoferrin. This data can be used as a test for detecting neutrophil hypersensitivity in patients with chronic respiratory diseases and predicting the development of obstructive disease in healthy individuals.
Co-infectious pneumonia (pneumocystis, cytomegalovirus) against HIV-process – a clinical case and review
Authors: Kostenko D. , Khelimskaya I.
Published: January 2019

The article presents updated information about HIV infection in the Russian Federation. Modern information about the pneumocyst and cytomegalovirus (CMV) was collected. It is known, that Pneumocystis and CMV can cause pneumonia. The description of the clinical case of the pneumonia of the combined genesis (pneumocyst + cytomegalovirus) against the background of "modern" comorbid conditions in women of working age is described. Data on clinical manifestations, co-infectious pneumonia in HIV-positive patient with comorbidity, can be valuable for doctors of many specialties.
Procedure of sterilisation and storage of histamine solutions with low concentrations
Authors: Prylutskyi O. , Tkachenko K. , Rogovaya Yu. , Abylgazinova N.
Published: January 2019

Background: study of the biological activity of histamine solutions after sterilization by autoclaving and membrane filtration as well as the assessment of the impact of single and repeated freezing and defrosting on the stability of prepared solutions. Material and methods. Histamine dihydrochloride solution at a concentration of 10 µg/ml was sterilized using membrane filters or autoclaved at 121 °C for 30 minutes, some of the samples were frozen in sterile insulin syringes, followed by 1- and 5-fold defrosting. Skin prick tests have been performed on one or both hands with the resulting solutions. Results. Comparison of the results of skin prick tests performed with histamine solutions sterilized in various ways showed no statistically significant differences (p>0,05). No statistically significant differences between the results of trials performed with histamine solutions that hadn`t been frozen before, after 1- and 5-fold freezing and defrosting were found (p>0,05). When comparing the results of skin prick tests performed no statistically significant differences were found (p>0.05). Conclusion. It has been shown that autoclaving at 121°С for 30 minutes followed by freezing and defrosting of histamine dihydrochloride solutions does not lead to a significant change in their activity.
The direct bactericidal activity of IgG antibodies isolated from serum of patients with suppurative inflammatory processes caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Okulich V. , Senkovich S. , Lepteeva T. , Shilin V. , Denisenko A.
Published: January 2019

The bactericidal activity of polyclonal IgG against St. aureus was established. Objectives. To evaluate the activity of polyclonal IgG isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases and donors against St. aureus in plankton form, as well as the ability of immunoglobulins to destroy the exopolymeric matrix of staphylococcal biofilm. Material and methods. Using the developed method the ability of polyclonal IgG isolated from 45 patients with purulentinflammatory diseases and 16 donors was determined to have a bactericidal effect on the plankton form of St. aureus without the participation of complement and immune cells. An estimation of the ratio of viable and dead bacteria was made by laser scanning confocal microscopy using propidium iodide as a marker of dead bacteria. The ability of IgG to destroy the exopolymeric matrix of St. aureus biofilm was assessed. The relation of immunoglobulin activity to St. aureus cells and biofilm matrix with clinical and laboratory manifestations of purulent-inflammatory diseases was analyzed. Results. It was shown that IgG isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases and donors may have their own bactericidal activity against St. aureus without participation of the complement system and immune cells, while in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases this activity is significantly higher than in persons without purulent-inflammatory processes. The ability of IgG isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases to cleave the exopolymeric matrix of S. aureus biofilm was significantly higher than in persons without purulent-inflammatory diseases. Conclusion. The findings suggest the presence of mechanisms of antibacterial activity of IgG against St. aureus, which is not associated with participation of the complement system and immune cells.
Free amino acids of tymus after intragastric introduction of infesol40
Authors: Sheibak V. , Pavlyukovets A. , Smirnov V. , Sheibak I.
Published: January 2019

Nutrition is one of the main factors that determine the functional activity of the components of the immune system and the deficiency of irreplaceable nutritional factors is the most common cause of immunodeficiency. The aim of the study was to analyze the concentrations of free amino acids and their nitrogen-containing metabolites after intragastric administration of Infezol40 in thymus tissues of rats. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on 30 rats that received intragastric Infezol40 in a dose of 20 ml/kg of body weight. The thymus tissue was used for the analysis. Determination of free amino acids was performed by reversedphase HPLC. Results and discussion. In all the studied periods, after the introduction of a mixture of amino acids in the thymus tissue the arginine/ornithine ratio and phosphoethanolamine/ethanolamine ratio decreased (due to an increase in the ethanolamine concentration), also the concentrations of essential amino acids methionine, phenylalanine and ornithine increased. Thus, enteral intake of amino acids has a pronounced effect on the metabolism of amino acids and the associated with it processes in the tissues of the thymus. The nature and severity of the observed changes suggest the presence of stimulation of proliferative processes in the thymus tissue, however, it is impossible to exclude the formation of an amino acid imbalance in this central organ of the immune system, which may be the cause of the subsequent development of immunodeficiency or disturbance of the processes of differentiation of cells of the immune system.
Topical therapy of onychomycosis – from preventive treatment to reinfection prophylaxis
Authors: Sergeev V. , Burtseva G. , Baranova M.
Published: January 2019

Onychomycosis topical treatment is based on several forms of antifungals specialized for nail application. Among them naftifine 1% solution and amorolfine 5% nail lacquer are leading in current use in Russia. These formulations have certain pharmacokinetic properties that may fit various clinical settings in onychomycosis. Early onychomycosis demands prompt recognition and is suitable for application of nail lacquer alone. Rationale for onychomycosis topical treatment is not limited to clinical peculiarities per se. General health condition, comorbidities and their therapy, as well as personal demands of the patient also influence treatment decisions. Efficacy of topical therapy may be limited in onychomycosis with longer history and more severe presentation, where combinations of topical and systemic antifungals may apply. We have conducted pharmacoepidemiological analysis that shows growing demand for amorolfine 5% nail lacquer in Russia. This formulation may be used in prophylactic treatment of onychomycosis, maintaining effective antifungal concentrations in the nail after course of systemic therapy, and for prevention of reinfection from external source.
Dendritic cell vaccines in immunotherapy of cancer
Authors: Moskaliova N. , Smoliakova R. , Zhavoronok S. , Sukonko O.
Published: January 2019

The article is devoted to immunotherapy of tumors with dendritic cell vaccines. The history of the discovery of vaccines based on dendritic cells, the principles of creation and use, advantages and disadvantages of their use for therapeutic purposes compared with other types of anticancer vaccines, indications and contraindications are described. Clinical efficacy of immunotherapy of tumors of different localizations with dendritic cell vaccines is analyzed. Information about the number of clinical trials held in the world on the basis of immunotherapy with dendritic cell vaccines is provided. The results of our own studies of immune status of 6 women diagnosed with breast cancer prior to treatment are рrovided.
Clinical case of an unusual erythroderma in the course of specific therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Zaslavsky D. , Sidikov A. , Chuprov I. , Marin Oscar  , Nasyrov R.
Published: January 2019

Skin manifestations of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are characterized by solitary, large dense cyanotic tumors most oftenly localized in the lower extremities. Erythroderma is the inflammatory disease of skin involving more than 90% of the body. There are a lot of etiological factors of eryhtroderma, however most often this state is preceded by an eczema, drug sensibilization, the T-cell lymphoma of skin, photosensitization. In addition, we described an unusual erythroderma case, arisen against the background of specific therapy of a nonhodjkin lymphoma, namely a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In this case the changes in the patient's skin and morphological features of the disease didn't correspond to the main diagnosis. Besides, histological signs characterized two different processes, which led to the establishment of the diagnosis only after the immunohistochemical research. All these facts are surveyed and discussed in this article.
Troubling the master narrative of “grit”: Counterstories of Black and Latinx Students with dis/abilities during an era of “high-stakes” testing
Authors: Tefera Adai , Hernández Saca David , Lester Ashlee
Published: January 2019

In this study we trouble the notion of “grit” and “high-stakes” testing by focusing on the experiences and perspectives of Black and Latinx students labeled with dis/abilities with the California High School Exit Exam (CAHSEE). Through interviews, focus groups, and classroom observations with 15 Black and Latinx students labeled with dis/abilities, we utilize the power of student voice and counterstories to problematize the master narrative of a “grit”/no “grit” binary in education policy discourse. This binary has contributed to an educational culture that reinforces victim blaming, reifies inequities for Black and Latinx students with dis/abilities, and undermines students’ emotional wellbeing. Harnessing the power of the students’ experiences and perspectives, we conclude with recommendations for policy and practice.
The Texas special education cap: Exploration into the statewide delay and denial of support to students with disabilities
Authors: DeMatthews David E. , Knight David S.
Published: January 2019

State accountability systems have been a primary school reform initiative in the U.S. for the past twenty years, but often produce unintended negative consequences. In 2004, the Texas Education Agency (TEA) implemented the Performance Based Monitoring and Analysis System (PBMAS) which included an accountability indicator focused on the percentage of students found eligible for special education under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the nation’s special education law. From 2004 through 2016, the percentage of students found eligible for special education in Texas declined significantly, while the national rate held constant. Eventually, the U.S. Department of Education (ED) investigated TEA and the statewide implementation of IDEA. The purpose of this study is two-fold: (a) to evaluate the potential impact of the the PBMAS indicator on manipulation of special education identification practices; and (b) to describe how the indicator may have influenced school and district personnel. We highlight several concerning trends in state and district data and, through an analysis of publicly available reports from the ED, show how district and school personnel knowingly and unknowingly acted in ways that delayed and denied special education to potentially eligible students. We conclude with recommendations for TEA and implications for future research and policy.
The Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Immune Response of Obese Children With Family History of Atopy
Authors: Wistiani W , Ratih Dewi , Mulyono M , Bakri Saekhol
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and disbalance between cytokine production of T helper1 and T helper2 cells.  Zinc plays role in balancing immune response, has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activities; its deficiency also common in obesity.  The role of zinc supplementation in children with obesity with risk of atopy needs to be elucidated.Materials and Method: We performed randomized controlled trial double-blind to investigate the effect of daily 15 mg zinc supplementation for 6 weeks in children aged 13 to 14 years old with obese who has family history of atopy.  Subjects were divided into group of zinc supplementation and placebo, recruited from junior high schools from Semarang municipality, performed during periods from January to December 2013.  Plasma zinc concentration, leptin, immunoglobulin-E (Ig-E), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4) were measured, also body weight, height and ISAAC questionnaire to recruit subjects with family history of atopy.Result: There were 36 subjects.  The concentration of zinc serum, Ig-E, IFN-γ, and IL-4 of two groups before supplementation were not significantly different (p>0.05).  Zinc supplementation increase the mean level of zinc concentration on treatment group compare to placebo group (27.74+11.80 vs 3.47+2.55, p=0.000).  The concentration of Ig-E, IFN-γ and IL-4 serum were decreased at treatment group (15.5+20.46 vs 20.02+38.02, p=0.613), (1.82+3.59 vs 0.911+3.51, p=0.174), and (4.76+6.49 vs 2.44+4.41, p=0.085) respectively.  Conclusion: Zinc supplementation increased the level of zinc serum concentration of obese children and decreased the risk of atopy.
Marfan Syndrome, A Review
Authors: Pals Gerard
Published: January 2019

Marfan syndrome is named after the French pediatrician Antoine Bernard-Jean Marfan who described in 1896 a girl with arachnodactyly and long limbs1. The patient also had congenital contractures of the elbows and would not fulfill the current criteria for Marfan syndrome. She probably was suffering from a condition that we now call contractural arachnodactyly, caused by mutations in the FBN2 gene.The clinical features of Marfan syndrome affect many systems of the body. The most obvious are the skeletal features, long limbs, tall stature, long thin fingers (arachnodactyly or spider fingers). The skeletal features can be scored objectively as: arm span more than 1.05 x body length; wrist sign (thumb and index finger can encircle the wrist of the other hand with at least one digit overlap) and thumb sign (when making a fist around the thumb, one digit of the thumb sticks out). The main neurological symptom is dural ectasias. The most severe symptoms are cardiovascular: mitralis valve prolapse, aortic dilatation and thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections, which may lead to sudden death5. However, I noticed in discussions with patients that they often consider the ocular symptoms, severe myopia and lens luxation, the worst for themselves, because the latter may lead to blindness.
A rare case of trisomy 18 with split-hand/split-foot malformation (SHFM)
Authors: Sihombing Nydia Rena Benita , Purwanti Asri , Utari Agustini
Published: January 2019

Background: Trisomy 18 is one of the most prevalent chromosomal aberrations in newborns, with characteristic features of internal organs such as heart and kidney abnormalities, as well as craniofacial and musculoskeletal anomalies. We present a rare case of trisomy 18 with atypical features of split-hand/split-foot malformation (SHFM).Case Presentation: A four-months-old baby was brought to hospital with dyspnea and history of multiple congenital anomalies (MCA). Abnormalities found including brachycephaly, facial dysmorphisms, split hands and split feet. Other anomalies were atrial and ventricular septal defects, umbilical hernia, and right lung atelectasis. Based on physical examination and additional workups, SHFM was suspected. Genome-wide array analysis revealed gain on entire chromosome 18. Only few cases of trisomy 18 with SHFM have been reported, with split feet as the most findings. Conclusion: This case represents SHFM as a unique limb involvement in patient with trisomy 18, a valuable finding to be taken into account in trisomy 18 features. Careful examination and diagnosis as well as subsequent genetic counseling are granted, and routine cytogenetic analysis is vital as a first-tier diagnostic workup on patient with MCA.
Harmonizing by reducing inter-run variability: performance evaluation of a quality assurance program for antinuclear antibody detection by indirect immunofluorescence
Authors: Bogaert Laura , Van den Bremt Stefanie , Schouwers Sofie , Bossuyt Xavier , Van Hoovels Lieve
Published: January 2019

Background

The introduction of automated anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) analysis may allow for more harmonized ANA IIF reporting, provided that a thorough quality assurance program controls this process. The aim of this study was to evaluate various quality indicators used for ANA IIF analysis with the final goal of optimizing the iQC program.

Methods

In an experimental setup, we introduced artificial errors, mimicking plausible problems during routine practice on a QUANTA-Lyser-NOVA View® system (Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA). Predetermined quality indicators were evaluated against predefined acceptance criteria. In addition, we retrospectively investigated the applicability of the selected quality indicators in the daily routine practice during three pre-defined periods.

Results

Both the experimental as the retrospective study revealed that pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical errors were not highlighted by company internal quality control (iQC) materials. The use of patient derived iQC samples, median fluorescence intensity results per run and the percentage of positive ANA IIF results as additional quality indicators ensured a more adequate ANA IIF quality assurance. Furthermore, negative and moderate positive sample iQC materials merit clinical validation, as titer changes of >1 correspond to clinically important shifts. Traditional Westgard rules, including a clinically defined stop limit, revealed to be useful in monitoring of the supplemental quality indicators.

Conclusions

A thorough ANA IIF quality assurance for daily routine practice necessitates the addition of supplemental quality indicators in combination with well-defined acceptance criteria.
Faecal calprotectin in inflammatory bowel diseases: a review focused on meta-analyses and routine usage limitations
Authors: Laserna-Mendieta Emilio J. , Lucendo Alfredo J.
Published: January 2019

A growing body of evidence has been published about the usefulness of measuring calprotectin in faecal samples (FCAL) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) assessment, including diagnosis, monitoring of disease activity and relapse prediction. Several systematic reviews with meta-analyses compiling studies for each particular clinical setting have been carried out in recent years. Most of these were focused on the use of FCAL in IBD diagnosis and showed a relevant role for this marker in selecting patients with gastrointestinal symptoms who would not need a further examination by endoscopy. Although a lesser number of meta-analyses have been performed on the use of FCAL as a surrogate marker of disease activity, a close correlation between FCAL and endoscopic activity of IBD has been shown. With respect to the predictive capacity of FCAL for IBD relapse, a single meta-analysis published indicates that this role is more limited. Furthermore, FCAL thresholds vary considerably depending on the clinical setting and, what is more concerning, among different commercially available assays due to a lack of FCAL concentration interchangeability. Here, we summarise recent publications about the role and limitations of FCAL in IBD, with a special focus on meta-analyses, and give an overview of alternative faecal biomarkers.