bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seed traits and half-sib family variation for seed germination and early seedling vigour in Suragi (Mammea surjga Buch.-Ham. Ex Roxb), an important aromatic tree species of the Western Ghats
Authors: Gunaga Rajesh , Vasudeva R.
Published: May 2023

The present study was undertaken at College of Forestry, Sirsi, Karnataka to study the variation in seed traits, germination and early seedling vigour among half-sib family of Mammea suriga. Species exhibits andro-dioecious breeding system consisting of pure male trees and trees bearing bisexual flowers. It is pollinated through thrips and produces copious amount of pollen grains. Seeds are recalcitrant and show slow germination. Greater variation was recorded among twenty-four families for seed traits and seed germination. Seed germination ranged from 1.0 (KMT-08) to 90.0 per cent (KMT-21) with an overall mean of about 52 per cent among twenty families. Statistically significant differences were recorded for all seedling growth parameters studied, except number of leaves per plant. Half-sib families such as KMT-01 and KMT-13 performed better with respect to early growth parameters. Seed germination, seedling height and root length were recorded maximum heritability values and suggesting that these characters could be considered for further selection programme.
Effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy according to plantar calcaneal spur types
Authors: Tuncer Turkan , Karakeci Emel
Published: May 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to group patients with plantar heel pain and calcaneal spurs detected via lateral foot x-rays based on the angle between the spur and the calcaneus and compare the efficacy of an Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) treatment between these groups.
Materials and Methods: The patients were divided into three groups based on the measurement the angle between the plantar calcaneal spur and the calcaneus. Those with a measured angle of <30° were classified as Group 1, ranging between 30–60° as Group 2, and >60° as Group 3. Demographic characteristics, spur length, visual analog scale (VAS) and foot function index score (FFI), and pain and function evaluation were used as the pre-and posttreatment data in each group.
Results: Out of the 170 patients, 96 (56.5%) were included in Group 1, 65 (38.2%) were in Group 2, and 9 (5.3%) in Group 3. The posttreatment VAS and FFI scores of the patients were significantly lower than the pretreatment scores (p < 0,001). It was determined that the highest and lowest VAS and FFI score changes in the posttreatment period was in Group 3 and Group 1, respectively. In the correlation analysis, a positive correlation was found between the measured angle value and pretreatment VAS and FFI scores, age, and spur length.
Conclusion: ESWT is an effective treatment method for calcaneal spurs, but further studies are needed on PCS classifications and the efficacy of the treatment selected based on these classifications.
Evaluation of radiological changes of symphysis pubis in patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Yavuz Nur , Sar lker
Published: May 2023

Objective: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a member of the spondyloarthropathy (SpA) group of diseases, it can lead to joint damage by causing bone erosions and/or new bone formation in the axial or peripheral musculoskeletal system.Symphysis pubis is an important joint area that can be frequently involved in rheumatological diseases. Pubic radiological changes have been evaluated in some rheumatological disease except PsA. In our study, we aimed to investigate the symphysis pubis joint changes in PsA.
Materials and Methods: Pelvic and sacroiliac joint radiographs of 61 PsA patients were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were older than 18 years of age, met the criteria for the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Artritis (CASPAR), had no history of pubic trauma, had a disease duration of at least 5 years. Articular involvement patterns of the patients (asymmetric oligoarticular, symmetrical polyarticular, distal interphalangeal joint and axial involvement), dactylitis, scalp and nail involvement were also examined, and the relationship of these clinical conditions with changes in the symphysis pubis was investigated.
Results:In the study, the data of 61 patients, 41 (67.2%) female and 20 (32.8%) male, diagnosed with PsA according to the CASPAR criteria were evaluated. There was pubic involvement in 15 (26.2%) patients. Sacroiliac involvement, scalp involvement of psoriasis and presence of dactylitis were found to be higher in patients with pubic involvement.Axially involved PsA (60%) was the most common in those with pubic involvement.
Conclusion: We showed that there are pubic changes in patients and that pubic involvement is more common in the presence of scalp involvement and dactylitis.
The effect of Covid-19 and related lockdown phases on lifestyle of various age and sex groups in urban area
Authors: Kumar Raj , Javia Mayankkumar , Lakhani Chintan , Umraniya Yogesh
Published: May 2023

Background:-
Covid-19 has affected the normal lifestyle and emotional aspects of general population of whole world a lot. Due to longer period of lockdown, unhealthy behavior and life style measures has increased like less physical activity, loss of appetite, more fast food and junk food eating habits, sleep disturbances etc. The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 1000 (500 male and 500 female) randomly selected participants of specific age group from the various areas of Amreli city of Gujarat after taking consent for voluntary participation in the study during March- April 2022. The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of lockdowns on lifestyle and behaviour changes of people in the urban areas in Indian populations. Out of total 1000 participants, 55% were having decreased physical activity, 46.4% were having increase in gain in weight, 44.2% were having increased overall food intake, 40.2% were having increased frequency of ordering food at home, 49.6% were having increased frequency of cooking new or traditional recipes at home, 52.8% were having increased use of social media, 55.2% were having increased screen time (TV/mobile/laptop/tablet), 46.4% were having decreased sleep, 49.6% were having increased anger and 53.6% were having more stress. Unhealthy lifestyle behavior among the participants are gain in weight, increased food intake, increased frequency of ordering food at home, increased use of social media, increased screen time (TV/mobile/laptop/tablet), decreased sleep, more stress and anger. Data derived from this study can be helpful to formulate appropriate interventional measures to the key health care personnel.
An Ethnobotanical Survey Of Medicinal Plants Used By Mising Tribe Of The Gohpur Sub-Division Of Biswanath District, Assam
Authors: Das Manas , Pegu Amrit
Published: May 2023

Aim: Medicinal plants are widely used as alternative treatment methods for the curing of a wide range of diseases. The current study focuses on the usage of various medicinal plants by the Mising tribe in Gohpur sub-division of Biswanath district, Assam.
Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted from April 2021 to August 2021, and data was collected from 25 villages, which are predominantly inhabited by the mising population. A total of 47 informants were interviewed in a face-to-face manner with the help of a readymade questionnaire.
Results: A total of 113 medicinal plant species were documented from the study area. which are divided into 102 genera and 56 families. Malvaceae and Poaceae has the most medicinal plants (6 species each), followed by Asteraceae with 5 species, Lamiaceae; Solanaceae; Moraceae; Euphorbiaceae and Zingiberaceae with 4 species each, Fabaceae; Liliaceae; Aracaceae; Apocynaceae; Piperaceae; Combretaceae; Cucurbitaceae; Lauraceae and Caesalpiniaceae with 3 species each. The remaining 10 families have 2 species each, and the remaining 29 families have 1 species each. Most of the reported species were herbs (52%), followed by trees (21%), shrubs (14%), and climbers (10%). Juice preparation (40.70%) and leaves (44%) were the most common methods of preparation of drugs and the most commonly used parts of medicinal plants, respectively.
Conclusion: A diverse range of medicinal plants were found in the study area and these plants play a key role in mising people's healthcare system. Some medicinal plants are declining rapidly due to various developmental activities and other environmental effects.
Anti Inflammatory Action of Allium Sativum Ethanol Extract to Prevent Lung Damage in Smoker Rat Model
Authors: Savira Maya , Sari Dina , Machrina Yetty , Widjaja Sry , Unitly Adrien , Ilyas Syafruddin , Siregar Jelita , Pandia Pandiaman , Rusda M , Amin Mustafa
Published: May 2023

Background: Smoking is the leading cause of death in worldwide and is known as one of the risk factors in the development and pathogenesis of several diseases and most are respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with negative health consequences including respiratory tract infection, asthma, and cancer. One of the pathogenesis that has known to cause these diseases is inflammation. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a medicinal herb that contains  Allicin and other active constituents that are known to have anti-inflammatory ability by suppressing the expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines that will cause inflammation. Objective: The aim of this study is; to analyze the anti-inflammatory action of Allium sativum ethanol extract to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model. Methods: This is a case-control study with five groups of rats each group contains of three rats. The five groups were negative control (KN), 10 days (10d) smoker (K1), 20 days (20d) smoker (K2), 20d smoker treated with Allium sativum for 10 days (K3) and 20d smoker treated with Allium sativum for 20 days (K4). After 20 days all animals were sacrificed and histological preparation of lung organs was observed under a microscope with 100 dan 400 times magnification and then captured by photomicrograph for analyzed. Results: There were improvements in lung structure both in group K3 and K4 . there was a decrease of leucocytes and inflammatory cells infiltration that covered almost all alveolar surface to 10-20% surface area and the dilated alveoli decrease from more than 50% to less than 30% area. The bronchus was clean in both two groups compared to the groups that were not treated with Allium sativum Conclusion: This study shows that Allium sativum ethanol extract has the ability to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model.
TGF-β1 Effects on Total Collagen of the New Zealand Rabbit’s Urethral Wall (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Animal Models of Urethral Stricture
Authors: Satyagraha Paksi , Alluza Hamid , Indradiputra I , Purnomo Athaya , Nurhadi Pradana , Anita Kenty , Yueniwati Yuyun , Permatasari Happy , Purnomo Basuki
Published: May 2023

Background: Currently, animal models of urethral stricture are not standardized. Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) regulates extracellular matrix deposition in homeostatic and pathological responses. Objective: The aim of this study was to present the potential model to be developed as a urethral stricture. Methods: True experimental laboratory research was conducted by using Male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), which were divided into 5 groups; control, placebo, and 3 treatment groups (TGF-β1 injection of 1 µg, 2 µg, 4 µg). Urethrography, histopathological analysis, and evaluation of total collagen formation of the urethral wall were performed after 6 weeks. Results: An increase in the dose of TGF-β1 decreased the mean rabbit’s urethral lumen diameter (29.3% in the 2µg group and 34% in the 4µg group) compared to controls. Three rabbits decreased as much as ≤ 50% in urethral lumen diameter. Significant increases in total collagen density in the periluminal and peripheral urethral spongiosum were noted by increasing doses of TGF-β1. The percentage of urethral lumen diameter has a strong negative correlation with periluminal total collagen density (r = -0,798; p = 0,000) and very strong negative correlation with peripheral spongiosa total collagen density (r = -0,748, p = 0,000). Conclusion: TGF-β1 plays a role in changing total collagen compositions of the rabbit’s urethral wall, decreasing the urethral lumen diameter. Further research with increasing doses of TGF-β1 is needed to determine the effective dose of TGF-β1 in inducing urethral stricture.
The Impact of BMP-4 Tissue Expression on Progression and Survival in Breast Cancer
Authors: Camdzic Nina , Vlahovljak Suada , Doric Mirsad , Babic Mirsad , Poparic Selma , Salcin Edina
Published: May 2023

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein -4 (BMP-4) plays important role in many aspects of carcinogenesis but is also involved in progression and metastasis of breast cancer where its precise role is yet to be elucidated. Objective: Since the majority of studies related to BMP-4 expression in breast cancer were conducted on cell lines of mouse models, we aimed to investigate BMP-4 tissue expression in primary human breast cancer and to correlate it with standard pathological factors for breast cancer, progression and survival. Methods: We analyzed immunohistochemical expression of BMP-4 in primary breast cancer tissue of 97 patients, correlated it with standard pathological factors for breast cancer and investigated its impact on progression and survival. Results: BMP-4 expression was positive in 74.23% breast cancer tissue specimens. We found that hormone positive breast tumors are more likely to show BMP-4 strong granular staining pattern (p<0.01; p=0.029, respectively). There was significant association between stage group and BMP-4 expression in order that stage III breast cancer group were predominantly BMP-4 positive tumors (p=0.046). Although the most common site of distant metastases in patients with BMP-4 positive tumors were bones, we found no significant association (p>0.05). Patients with BMP-4 positive breast cancer showed longer overall and progression-free survival, but the results did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of our study in some extent can confirm the current available data and suggest that the role of BMP-4 in breast cancer is ambiguous, acting both as tumor suppressor and tumor promoter in breast cancer. For final elucidation of its impact on survival and progression in breast cancer, multicentric studies on larger sample size are required.
Burnout among academic clinicians: A sample from medical colleges in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Khalil Nawar
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine academic clinicians' burnout level and the association between their burnout and socio-demographic characteristics.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study surveyed 111 academic clinicians from six Medical Colleges in Baghdad City. A questionnaire was used between March and May 2022. The questionnaire consisted of an interface and two sections with a total number of 44 items.
Results: Most academic clinicians were found to experience a moderate level of burnout (46.8%), and 39.6% of respondents experienced a high level of burnout, whereas only 13.5% experienced a low level of burnout. The number of monthly day-offs was the only factor significantly affecting the burnout score (p=0.004).
Conclusion: Most academic clinicians experienced a moderate level of burnout with a negligible proportion of the high level of burnout.
Mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding in Thi-Qar City, Iraq
Authors: Ali Hussein , Abbas Firas , Younis Nasir
Published: May 2023

Objective: To assess mothers' attitudes and knowledge about breast feeding in Thi-Qar City, Iraq.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Hospital in Nasiriyah from January to February 2023 and included 192 mothers. United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)-adapted questionnaire was used. Socio-demographic information was recorded. The mother's viewpoint and intellectual capacity regarding breast feeding were assessed and their general opinions toward breast feeding were evaluated.
Results: Out of 192 mothers, 103 (53.6%) were between the ages of 18 and 20. Most 87 (45.31) had completed elementary school and had a higher education; 79.17 percent of the sample lived in an urban area; and around half of the mothers were unemployed. The mothers had good knowledge of breast feeding and their attitude towards breast feeding was good.
Conclusion: This study concluded that early mothers' knowledge of and attitudes toward Breast feeding were generally excellent at AL Hussein Teaching Hospital in Nasiriya city, and that these factors were crucial in determining the health of the children.
Evaluation of tubal patency and its impact on ovarian blood flow and function: a comparison of hysterosalpingography and HyCoSy
Authors: Abduhameed Wasan
Published: May 2023

Objective: To investigate Hysterosalpingo Contrast Sonography (HyCoSy) as a safe, effective, easy, and cheaper approach to measure tubal patency than hysterosalpingography (HSG) and to correlate better ovarian function, endometrial and ovarian blood flow, and conception rates in infertile women.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 40 infertile women between 22 and 42 years age; 20 of them had HSG on day 6 or 7 of cycle and 20 HyCoSy with normal saline and 100 mg hydrocortisone. All underwent the protocol of 75 iu gonal F sc on days 2 and 3, with clomiphene 50 mg twice daily from days 2 to 7 or letrizole 2.5 twice daily from days 3 to 8 (around day 14). Evaluated criteria: resistance index (RI) and perfusion index (PI) of ovarian vessels by Doppler ultrasound, number and size of follicles for both groups, endometrial thickness, endometrial pattern, zones of blood flow to endometrium. Then HCG to promote ovulation and progesterone to support luteal phase.
Results: HSG group mean age was 29.7 6 HYCOSY group age was 29 6 years. 82.1% of HSG females and 90.1% of HyCoSy females had 2nd infertility. Females undergoing HSG had 42.9% I zone and 65.6% IV zone. Females undergoing HSG and HyCoSy had 1 follicle, respectively. 68.8% of HyCoSy females were pregnant. HSG and HyCoSy had different RI, thickness. HyCoSy was thicker and had less RI than HSG. HSG and HyCoSy had similar numbers and sizes of follicles.
Conclusion: HyCoSy was a safe, effective, easy, and cheaper way to evaluate tubal patency than HSG, less RI and increase endometrium thickness.
Nigella sativa supplementation normalizes serum LDL cholesterol in healthy women volunteers
Authors: Serafi Abdulhalim , Qahwaji Dina , Hussain Zahir , Bafail Mohammed , Sohail Sumera
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the effect of the powder of Nigella sativa seeds (NSS) on serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in female volunteers.
Methodology: This study included 159 female volunteers aged 30-35 years determe effect of various doses of Nigella sativa (NS) on LDL-C serum levels of eight groups for the duration of nine months. Subjects in the first month (October 2021) were considered as the control (C) subjects. Same subjects in the remaining eight months (November 2021 to June 2022) were administered equal daily doses (1 gram/day) of the powder of Kalonji/NSS. Blood samples were obtained and Friedewald formula was employed for determining the levels of serum LDL-C.
Results: The groups 1 to 8 altogether had significant decrease in LDL-C. Analysis of variance showed highly significant variations. Intergroup variations had p>0.0001. Various groups of LDL-C control range from 80-129.9 mg/dl under the influence of various doses of NS supplementation gave highly significant negative linear correlation.
Conclusion: Administration of NS showed the levels of LDL-C in the central range of 80-100 mg/dl that might be considered as the physiological normal serum levels of LDL-C. Further studies are required in healthy subjects and patients having various hyperlipidaemic and other related disorders to understand the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of NS.
Behavior of men having sex with men with HIV-positive population in preventing HIV/AIDS transmission: A phenomenology study
Authors: Khamid M , Pamungkasari Eti , Demartoto Argyo , Rokhmah Dewi
Published: May 2023

Objective: To explore the behaviors of HIV-positive MSM (risk and protective behavior) in preventing HIV/AIDS transmission based on self-identity, cultural script, interpersonal script, and intrapsychic script among HIV-positive MSM.
Methodology: We conducted this qualitative study in Jember Regency-Indonesia with a phenomenological approach from April and June 2021. Informants were taken by purposive sampling, with the total primary informants being 12 HIV-positive MSM. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with open-ended questions using guidelines and performed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).
Results: Most of the informants became MSM due to self-actualization. The perspective of self-identity was mostly insertive. The cultural script shows that most HIV-positive MSMs tend to be open only to people considered. The interpersonal script consists of three stages in the dating process. In the intrapsychic script, the sexual orientation of the informants is based on mutual liking, comfort, and sexual satisfaction.
Conclusion: HIV-positive MSMs have appropriate sexual intentions and plans to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission to their partner. Still, a lack of implementation is presented due to misperception and low information. Therefore, the authorities must disseminate appropriate information about HIV/AIDS control programs in at-risk communities, particularly HIV-positive MSM.
Instruction program for patient with peptic ulcer about physical and psychological status: a case-control study
Authors: Hamad Haider , Hassan Huda
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of instruction program on patients with peptic ulcers about the physical and psychological status.
Methodology: This quasi-experimental study was performed on patients who attended Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital from January 17th, 2022, to May 20th, 2023. We used non-probability sampling. The study included 30 patients for the case group and 30 for the control group. The data were collected as follows: first section was socio-demographics consisting of 7 items, section two was medical history consisting of 6 items, section three was unhealthy behaviors which consisted of two items and section four consisted of 12 items about the patient’s physical and psychological status.
Results: There was positive effect of instruction program on patients (case group) regarding physical and psychological status related to peptic ulcer disease due to a change in total mean from 1.19 at pre-test to 2.42 at post-test, while there was no effect on control group.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the instruction program had positive effect on the knowledge of peptic ulcer patients by changes their physical and psychological status among case group.
Advantages and disadvantages urethral advancement with subglanular tunnel (UASGT) versus tabularized incised plate (TIP) for distal hypospadias repair: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Almarzooq Wadhah , Yahya Salam
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of urethral advancement with sub glanular tunnel (UASGT) in comparison with tabularized incised plate (TIP).
Methodology: This prospective comparative study included any child with distal hypospadias (sub-coronal and distal shaft). The exclusion criteria included previous failed correction surgery, sever chordee, parents' refusal, and micropenis. Sixty patients with sub-coronal and distal shaft hypospadias were enrolled from urosurgery clinic in Hilla Teaching and urosurgery private clinic from October 2020 to October 2022. Patients' ages were between 1 year to 7 years. The first group included 30 patients with sub-coronal and distal shaft hypospadias treated surgically by UASGT while the second group involved 30 patients also with sub-coronal and distal shaft treated by TIP. The choice of type of surgery depended on the parent's preference after explaining the two procedures.
Results: In group 1 patients (UASGT), the mean surgical time was 40.3 minutes while in group 2 (TIP), it was 52.3 minutes. Regarding complications, in group 1, Only 1 (3.3%) patient developed wound dehiscence, and 5 (16.6%) developed meatal stenosis, which required frequent dilatation. Fistula never occurs in group 1. In group 2, 6 (20%) patients developed complete wound dehiscence. There was statistically significant less risk of wound dehiscence (p=0.05) and also less risk of fistula formation with (p<0.001) in the group of patients who were treated with UASGT.
Conclusion: UASGT was used for the treatment of distal types of hypospadias (subcoronal and distal shaft) with significantly less operative time than TIP and fewer post-operative complication like wound dehiscence and fistula formation.
Comparative prospective study of knee pain in medial pararpatellar and transpatellar entry for interlocking nail fixation of tibia fracture
Authors: Zaki Ramadhan , Mukhtar Sadiq , Aledanni Mohammed , Shaaya Ghadeer
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare two insertion techniques of intramedullary interlocking nails (medial parapatellar versus intrapatellar insertion) in patients with tibial fractures.
Methodology: This study was performed at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital from August 2020 until March 2022. All 32 patients with tibial fractures (29 males and 3 females) were included for tibial closed nail fixation and then followed up for 6 months. We categorized these patients into two groups; Group A (16 patients), those treated by medial parapatellar insertion of an interlocking nail, and Group B (16 patients) with transpatellar tibial nail insertion. All patients were treated by the same surgical team.
Results: The range of movement in two weeks (from extension to flexion) was up to 30°. At the end of the follow-up period, all patients in Group A had functional flexion greater than 90°, whereas three patients in Group B had limited flexion that necessitated scheduled physical therapy. Regarding the functional outcome, in group A patients and in group B patients, the mean International Knee Documentation Committee score demonstrated a better outcome in patients with medial parapatellar insertion than those in group B. According to the visual analysis score, the transpatellar insertion demonstrated more discomfort than that in the paramedial insertion group, both clinically and statistically.
Conclusion: Medial entry point in intra medullary tibial nailing had less anterior knee pain in post-operative follow up.
The summary of flipped classroom learning activities assisted by merdeka mengajar platform in improving students' numeracy skills in solving fraction problems
Authors: . Nurhasanah , . Dafik , Prastiti T D
Published: May 2023

Technology has transformed the way students learn in the 21st century. The emphasis is no longer solely on memorization but on developing critical, creative, collaborative, and communicative thinking skills, enabling students to solve real-world problems. However, despite this emphasis on 21st-century skills, students' numeracy skills still require significant improvement. The flipped classroom model is an alternative learning model that has shown promise in enhancing students' activity and numeracy skills in solving mathematical problems, specifically in the area of comparing and ordering fractions. This approach involves reversing the traditional classroom dynamic, with students learning at home through pre-recorded videos and engaging in interactive activities in the classroom, such as problem-solving exercises and discussions. To achieve the desired learning objectives, the development of effective learning materials is critical. Several techniques for comparing and ordering fractions are available in textbooks and on the internet, but the flipped classroom model, assisted by the Merdeka Mengajar platform, has combined graph area shading and other innovative techniques to deliver the material. The use of these techniques is expected to improve students' numeracy skills significantly, enabling them to solve fraction problems with greater ease and accuracy. By embracing technology and innovative teaching methodologies, educators can prepare students with the necessary skills to thrive in the rapidly evolving landscape of the 21st century.
Age priority in continuous coronavirus disease 2019 booster doses under China's new policy of free-will nucleic acid test: A dynamic model-based effectiveness and cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Zhou Dachuang , Shao Taihang , Shao Hanqiao , Tu Yusi , Zhao Mingye , Zhou Kejia , Wang Ke , Tang Xiangyan , Liu Zeyao , Xing Yilan , Malone Daniel C , Tang Wenxi
Published: May 2023

Background: The initial mass vaccination's effectiveness has diminished, necessitating accelerated immunization coverage scaling. China has shifted nucleic acid testing from large-scale to voluntary. This study assesses the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different booster vaccination strategies in China. Methods: A dynamic transmission model divided the population into three groups: 0-19, 20-59, and 60+ years. We evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of three vaccination strategies based on previous studies and public databases. Three scenarios were modeled and compared to no-continuation-vaccination to calculate averted diseases, deaths, and net benefits. One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis assessed findings' stability. Results: COVID-19 vaccination had significant health benefits compared to no continuing vaccination. Strategy II (prioritizing vaccinated 20-59-year-olds, then vaccinated 60+ individuals, and finally 0-19-year-olds) was the most cost-effective. Strategy I (prioritizing unvaccinated 60+ individuals, then 20-59, and finally 0-19) prevented the most deaths. Strategy II was the most cost-effective, with a total cost of 93,995,223,462 USD and the highest net benefit of 3,054,475,908,551,960 USD. Strategy II resulted in the highest number of avoided cases across categories, including infected, asymptomatic, mild/moderate, severe, and critical cases. Each strategy's effects on preventing new cases and critical illness were comparable. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results' reliability. Conclusion: Prioritizing vaccinated 20-59-year-olds, then vaccinated 60+ individuals, and finally 0-19-year-olds was the most effective prevention strategy. The vaccination strategy should be tailored to the pandemic situation and available medical resources for maximum health gains.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Value Clarification Technique (VCT) Berorientasi Tri Hita Karana Terhadap Sikap Spiritual Dan Sikap Sosial Mahasiswa
Authors: Nirmayani L. Heny , Yudiana I Kadek Edi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to see the effect of the Tri Hita Karana-oriented Value Clarification Technique (VCT) learning model on the spiritual attitudes and social attitudes. The sample in this study were students of class G and B semester I of the PGSD Department in the 2022/2023 school year. This type of research is quasy experimental research. The data method used in this research is the observation method and the questionnaire method. Observation methods and questionnaires were used to collect data on students' social attitudes and spiritual attitudes. The data analysis used in this study was Manova. Based on the research that has been done, it can be denied that: 1) there is a significant effect of the Tri Hita Karana-oriented VCT learning model with the students' spiritual attitude, 2) there is a significant influence on the Tri Hita-oriented VCT learning model on the student's social attitude, and 3) Simultaneously, there is a significant effect of the Tri Hita Karana oriented VCT learning model on students' spiritual attitudes and social attitudes
Efektivitas Penggunaan Metode Quantum Reading Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dewi Made Sri Astika , Astuti Ni Made Ignityas Prima , Lestari Nyoman Ayu Putri
Published: May 2023

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of using the  Quantum Reading on the reading comprehension ability of sixth grade elementary school students. The results showed that the use of the Quantum Reading on students' reading comprehension skills was positive, students' reading comprehension skills using the Quantum Reading method showed better learning outcomes than before using the Quantum Reading. The results of inferential statistical analysis using the t test formula, it is known that thecalculated obtained is 7.3 with a frequency of dk = 26-1 = 25, at a significance level of 5% obtained ttable = 2.05. So, tcount > ttable or the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted. This proves that the use of the Quantum Reading effective on the reading comprehension ability of Grade VI elementary school students
Effectiveness of Implementation of Guidance and Counseling to Lower Levels Bullying in Elementary School
Authors: Wisudayanti Kadek Ari , Dewi Putu Yulia Angga
Published: May 2023

Bullying is the aggressive and negative behavior of a person or group of people repeatedly who abuses an imbalance of power with the aim of hurting the target (victim) mentally or physically. The problem of bullying at school is the responsibility of all parties in the school and parents of students. Bullying in schools is a major problem that must be addressed because schools should protect their students from acts of violence in any form, and become a vehicle for the formation of reason, morals and character needed to build a healthy, cultured and high-tech Indonesian society.
TRANSFORMASI KESADARAN MELALUI YOGA AKSARA
Authors: Dewi Ni Md Evi kurnia
Published: May 2023

Literal yoga is a mental practice that is carried out through meditation involving the Onkara script. Literary yoga is a way to train the mind and transform consciousness. Ongkara in thought works as a bhija-mantra to build human consciousness at one point. Train the mind to stay focused on one object, and complete the activity of the mind like an ape constantly jumping from one object to another. Helps to release the attachment of mind awareness to its object, both material (all things that can be perceived by the senses) and mental (related to memory, emotion, perception, imagination). When a person is separated from the bondage of his objects, he will realize himself as his Paramasu and is also symbolized as Ongkara. As a result of practice, the script belongs to Siddhi. Siddhi is a manifestation of the transformation of personal consciousness to the Supreme consciousness, Siddhi is also a transformation of buddhi which is rajas-tamas into animal. The transformation of buddhi is more dominant in everyday life or attitudes with noble and wise characters which can later be used as role models and guidelines, guiding humans in living daily lives towards a peaceful, happy, physical and spiritual life, one form of siddhi development is astasiddhi.Keywords: literal yoga, meditation, siddhi
TRADISI MAESA-ESAAN DI MINAHASA, DALAM PERSPEKTIF BERNEGARA
Authors: Pontoan Karen Alfa , Loho Ambrosius Markus
Published: May 2023

Kehidupan bernegara tidak bisa terlepas dari sebuah negara. Negara merupakan organ statis yang di dalamnya terdapat sistem sistem, yang mana ada sebuah kehidupan yang dialami oleh persona atau individu-individu. Demikian juga diketahui bahwa negara adalah organisasi yang mendapatkan kekuasaan dari masyarakat dan telah mempunyai wilayah tertentu. Dalam sebuah negara, tentu memiliki sebuah kebijakan publik, karena sangat diperlukan untuk menanggapi aspirasi populasi yang beragam, serta menjamin pluralisme serta penghormatan terhadap hak-hak dasar setiap persona. Kita semua sepakat bahwa sebuah kebijakan publik pada dasarnya berangkat dari fondasi kebudayaan tertentu. Atau dengan kata lain, hal itu ada karena ada budaya yang dihidupi. Dalam konteks penelitian ini fondasi budaya lokal Minahasa yakni spirit maesa-esaan, menjadi patokan atau pijakan untuk mewujudkan sebuah kehidupan bernegara yang damai dan bersatu padu. Terjadi demikian, karena pada dasarnya hakikat dari kebijakan publik adalah untuk memberikan keadaan yang kondusif bagi sebuah sistem penyelenggaraan pemerintahan. Dari sini, maka tradisi atau budaya minahasa yang termaktub dalam tradisi maesa-esaan, mendapatkan tempat yang tepat untuk memperkuat sebuah peradaban-masyarakat.
Samkhya Dalam Teks Tattwa Sanghyang Mahajnana
Authors: Wati Sri Marselina
Published: May 2023

Samkhya is a very old Hindu philosophy, because both the sruti and smrti scriptures are influenced by this philosophy. Archipelago literary works such as lontar and kakawin also contain a lot of Samkhya philosophy in the concept of Shivaism, this study aims to find out the Samkhya teachings contained in the text Tattwa Sanghyang Mahajnana. This research is classified as a qualitative research because the data is presented descriptively by using data collection methods namely, interviews, literature studies, and observation. The Samkhya philosophy contained in the Tattwa Sanghyang Mahajnana is the evolution of the universe, ways of obtaining truth, and the concept of liberation in the Samkhya in the text of the Tattwa Sanghyang Mahajnana. The evolution of the universe originates from Purusa and Prakerti then tri guna is likened as a child, while intelligence and mind are likened as a plow, and the ten senses are oxen and the base of the heart is likened to rice field in the creation process of samkhya contained in the Tattwa Sanghyang Mahajnanama text which is still based on 25 elements. The process of seeking truth in Samkhya contained in the tattwa sanghyang mahajnana text is, pratyaksa pramana, anumana pramana, and sabda pramana. The concept of liberation in Samkhya contained in the Tattwa Sanghyang Mahajnana text is that humans are free from the causes of dukkha by means of tapa, bratha, yoga, and smadhi by saying the Om syllabel.
ASPEK TATTWA, SUSILA DAN UPACARA DALAM TRADISI NGERASAKIN DI DESA BANYUASTIS
Authors: Mahardika Gede
Published: May 2023

Agama Hindu sangat kaya akan tradisi dan upacara agama dengan menggunakan berbagai simbol-simbol dalam pelaksanaan keagamaanya, tradisi ngerasakin merupakan salah satu tradisi yang dilaksanakan di Desa Banyuatis. Tradisi ngerasakin merupakan bentuk upacara yang dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat Desa Banyuatis yang memiliki lahan pertanian dan perkebunan sebagai rasa sukur dan bhakti kehadapan Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa atas karunia dan hasil panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali aspek tattwa, susila dan upacara dalam tradisi ngerasakin di Desa Banyuatis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teologi, jenis data penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan datannya ada tiga yaitu observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Aspek tattwa dalam penelitian ini dapat dilihat dari brahma tattwa yaitu pemujaan kepada Jero Sedahan. Jero Sedahan merupakan manifestasi Tuhan yang Maha Esa atau Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa sebagai penjaga perkebunan dan pertanian. Aspek susila dapat dilihat dari bentuk bhakti kepada Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa yang merupakan untuk menjaga kehidupan yang harmonis antara penguasa Dunia. Aspek upacara dapat dilihat dari banten yang digunakan dalam upacara ngerasakin sebagai simbul bhakti kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atau Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa.
ESTETIKA MISTIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT SENI
Authors: Anggraini Putu Maria Ratih , Ardiyani Luh Putu Cita
Published: May 2023

The material world and the spiritual world are two worlds side by side in human life. The material world can be recognized by the sensed experience of everyday life, while the spiritual world requires a separate intermediary to reach it because it is a world that is not sensed. The spiritual world can be understood by humans and also internalized through religious institutions, philosophical institutions and artistic institutions. This life is a colossal unity, between humans and society, between humans and nature, between humans and the magical spirit world, between humans and the entire cosmic system of this universe. Humans must align themselves with the cosmos if they want to live safely in this mortal world. Humans unite themselves with objects outside themselves and from there find their identity. The purpose of human life is to emphasize the inner aspect so that the outer aspect becomes in order in harmony with the essence. Humans can reach the abstract world through art, because in essence art is a feeling, namely an atmosphere, feeling, and an aesthetic experience in the form of emotions that are aroused by an artistic environment and situation. It is this universal feeling that leads to the highest peak of happiness which makes the aesthetic experience a religious experience.
AGAMA HINDU WUJUDKAN KEDAMAIAN NEGERI MELALUI CINTA KASIH MODERASI
Authors: Nerawati Ni Gusti Ayu Agung , Sari Ni Luh Ratna
Published: May 2023

Agama iHindu iyang ibersumber idari iajaran iVeda imengandung iajaran iyang isangat iluhur isebagai ilautan icinta ikasih iyang imampu imenghantarkan isetiap iumat imenuju isamudera iDharma iatau ikebebasan imelalui iajaran iModerasi. iModerasi isesungguhnya iadalah iajaran isanatana idharma isebab ikedamaian imerupakan itujuan idari isemua iAgama, idan icinta ikasih iadalah ilandasan iutamanya. iHinduisme imengakui ibahwa isemua iajaran iagama iadalah ikebenaran iserta isemua ikepercayaan imemiliki ikedudukan iyang isama. iTidak iada iagama iyang ilebih itinggi iatau iagama iyang ilebih irendah isehingga ibanyak isloka-sloka idan imantra-mantra idalam ipustaka isuci iHindu iyang imembahas imengenai iajaran imoderasi iyang imampu imewujudkan ikedamaian inegeri. iSindhunata ipernah imenyatakan ibahwa ikarena iAgama iseseorang ibisa isaling imencintai idan ikarena iAgama ipula iseseorang ibisa isaling imenghancurkan ibahkan imembunuh, ioleh isebab i iitu imoderasi iberagama isangat ipenting iuntuk ididengungkan idan idiajarkan isehingga imampu imembangun icinta ikasih iantar iumat iberagama. iSecara iumum, isemua iorang imengetahui ibahwa isemua iagama imengajarkan ikebaikan, idan isemua iagama imenghendaki iagar idi idunia itercipta ikehidupan iyang idamai. iTujuan itertinggi idari isemua iagama idalam ihubungannya idengan i i i i ikehidupan idi idunia iini iadalah iterwujudnya ikehidupan ibersama iyang idamai, idan isatu-satunya ijalan iuntuk imencapai ikedamaian iialah idengan imenumbuh ikembangkan isikap imoderat. iSetiap i ipenganut iagama iatau ikepercayaan iapapun iharus imemiliki ikeyakinan ibahwa itidaklah ihina iketika imengakui ikebenaran iagama ilain, isebab ikebenaran itidak iakan ipernah iberubah iseperti ihalnya isanatana idharma. iOleh isebab iitu iajaran iCinta iKasih iHindu iyang isangat iluhur iperlu idipahami idengan ibaik, isehingga imampu imewujudkan ikeharmonisan idan ikerukunan iantar iumat iberagama idalam ipayung ikebhinekaan.
PERAN ILUSTRASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hindasah Siti , Haryana Warlli
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti buku ilustrasi dalam menarik perhatian dan meningkatkan minat baca pada anak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif melewati proses kajian pustaka. Minat baca dapat berpengaruh besar terhadap kesuksesan anak, sehingga perlu ditumbuhkan sejak kanak-kanak, tetapi permasalahan di zaman sekarang adakalanya anak malas untuk membaca dan lebih memilih handphone daripada buku yang biasanya penuh dengan tulisan dan terkesan kurang menarik bagi mereka. Tentu saja peran orang tua dan guru sangatlah besar. Mereka harus semakin aktif untuk terus mendorong dan membimbing anak agar gemar untuk membaca. Oleh karena itu, dengan adanya ilustrasi pada buku ini memungkinkan dapat menarik perhatian anak dengan buku dan hal ini menjadi salah satu titik terang untuk meningkatkan minat baca. Implikasi dari penelitian ini, yaitu diharapkan mampu menambah pengetahuan terhadap buku ilustrasi yang dapat menarik dan meningkatkan minat baca pada anak.
PENTINGNYA VARIASI GAYA MENGAJAR GURU DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Adzkia Maulani Fatriana , Ravelina Ranti , Santoso Alwawi , Melinda Harnum Erza , Gustina Sari Syafni
Published: May 2023

Dalam suatu pembelajaran, variasi dalam mengajar sangatlah penting. Menurut M. Saputra dalam (Emosda & Anggraini, 2018) gaya mengajar didefenisikan sebagai serangkaian interaksi yang dilakukan antara guru dan siswa  dalam proses belajar mengajar dimana agar materi yang disampaikan oleh pengajar dapat diserap dengan baik  oleh siswa. Berdasarkan pengertian tersebut maka dapat diartikan, bahwa gaya mengajar merupakan sebuah keputusan berupa interaksi kelas yang dianggap tepat dan ditujukan untuk penyampaian materi kepada siswa. Kemampuan guru dalam menerapkan variasi gaya belajar yang beragam haruslah berdasarkan situasi yang ada. Maka dari itu keahlihan dan kopetensi seorang guru juga diperlukan dalam membaca suasana belajar. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan memperoleh kajian pustaka dari beberapa jurnal penelitian. Dari hasil penelitiannya juga diperoleh beberapa poin penting yang melihat dampak dari variasi gaya mengajar yang diterapkan guru di SD N 51/IV Kota Jambi dan dampaknya terhadap keaktifan belajar siswa. Dari aspek kualitas belajar hendaknya guru menerapkan kualitas belajar yang lebih efektif guna guna meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.
PRO DAN KONTRA PELAKSANAAN TRADISI KENDUREN UDAN DAWET
Authors: Rahmawati Etika Nur , Sabardila Atiqa
Published: May 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna tradisi kenduren udan dawet, mengetahui proses pelaksanaan tradisi kenduren udan dawet serta untuk mengetahui pro dan kontra pelaksanaan kenduren udan dawet. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh dengan tiga cara, yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Makna dari tradisi kenduren udan dawet ini mengucap rasa syukur kepada sang pencipta yang selalu memberikan kesehatan dan keselamatan serta kepada alam semesta yang telah memberikan hasil panen yang melimpah.bagi warga Desa Banyuanyar. Proses pelaksanaan tradisi udan dawet terdapat beberapa proses antara lain, Prosesi tradisi kenduren diawali dengan kirab gunungan, selanjutnya dilaksanakan prosesi pembacaan rangkaian doa yang dipimpin oleh pemuka agama. Proses terakhir adalah penutup, acara ini ditutup dengan mengucapkan Alhamdulillah dan dilanjutkan makan bersama. Pro dan kontra pelaksanaan tradisi kenduren udan dawet, Dampak positif bagi masyarakat yang mengikuti tradisi kenduren udan dawet yaitu dimudahkan rezekinya dan diberi keselamatan. Selain itu, untuk melaksanakan tradisi tersebut dipercaya meminta untuk turun hujan yang berkah kepada sang pencipta. Sedangkan orang-orang yang tidak mengikuti ritual kenduren udan dawet akan ditegur atau dicemooh dengan membuat kata-kata yang menghina tentang mereka, seperti tidak bisa menghormati adat-istiadat pendahulu mereka.