bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TÜRKİYE VE YUNANİSTAN’DAKİ İKTİDAR PARTİLERİ (1950-1960)
Authors: SEVİNÇ Derya
Published: November 2018

İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonunda savaştan
galip gelen Amerika ve Sovyetler Birliği gibi iki büyük ülkenin gölgesi altında
soğuk savaş dönemi başlamıştır. Yaklaşık yirmi yıl kadar süren bu dönemde
Dünya, Doğu ve Batı olmak üzere iki bloğa ayrılmıştır. Dünya sahnesinde süper
güç olarak bilinen Amerika komünizmi reddeden tüm ülkelerin koruyuculuğunu
üstlenirken Sovyetler Birliği de komünizmi tüm dünyaya yaymak için çaba
harcamıştır. Tıpkı coğrafi anlamda doğu ve batı olmak üzere iki zıt tarafta yer
alan Amerika ve Sovyetler Birliği, ideoloji konusunda da birbirinin tam tersi
istikamette yol almışlardır.Amerika, Batı bloğunun savunması için
önemli olduğuna inandığı ve Sovyetler Birliği ile onun uyduları olan
devletlerin tehdidi altındaki Türkiye ve Yunanistan’a yaptığı Truman ve
Marshall yardımlarının yanı sıra bu iki ülkede sağ partilerinin iktidarda
olmasını destekleyerek, onları doğu bloğunun komünizm tehlikesinden uzak
tutmaya çalışmıştır.

Nitekim 1950-1960 döneminde,
Yunanistan’da Aleksandros Papagos’un sağ merkezli Elinikos Sinagermos (Yunan Dirilişi)
Partisi ile Konstantinos Karamanlis’in Etniki Rizospastiki Enosis (Radikal
Ulusal Birlik) Partisi, Türkiye’de ise Adnan Menderes’in sağcı Demokrat Partisi
iktidarda kalmıştır.
AYDINOĞULLARI BEYLİĞİ DARPHANELERİ
Authors: TEOMAN Betül
Published: November 2018

XIV. yüzyılın başlarında Kütahya, Afyon ve Denizli bölgesinde hâkim olan
Germiyanoğullarının batıya yaptıkları akınlar sırasında Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey ve
kardeşleri önemli rol oynamışlar, daha sonrasında Ege bölgesinde yaklaşık yüz
yirmi yıl hüküm sürerek bölgeye hakim olmuşlardır (M.1308-1390 / M.1403-1426).

Çalışmamız bu dönemde Aydınoğulları tarafından basılan sikkeler üzerindeki
darp yerlerini tanıtmayı amaçlamaktadır. Aydınoğlu beylerinden; Mübarizeddin Mehmed Bey, I. Umur Bey, Hızır Bey,
İbrahim Bahadır Bey, Süleymanşah, Yakup Bey, İsa Bey, Musa bey, II. Umur Bey,
Cüneyd Bey ve Mustafa Bey’e ait sikkelerden örnekler günümüze ulaşabilmiştir[1].

Sikkeler üzerinde görülen darp yerleri; Ayasuluk, Birgi,
Sultanhisar, İzmir, Lâdik, Tire ve Yenişehir’dir. Çalışmamızda Aydınoğulları
tarafından bastırılan sikkeler darphane bazında değerlendirilmeye
çalışılacaktır.
BURSA ESKİ KAPLICA: MİMAR VE YAPININ ORİJİNİ MESELESİ
Authors: YILMAZYAŞAR Hasan
Published: November 2018

Bursa Eski Kaplıca’nın kesin inşa tarihini ortaya koyan her hangi bir belge bulunmamakla birlikte gerek Osmanlı kronikleri, gerekse arşiv belgelerinde yer alan bilgiler yapının I. Murad döneminde inşa edilmiş olduğunu ortaya koyar.  Bursa Eski Kaplıca’nın “Yıldızvari Sıcaklıklı Tip” olarak tanımlanan ve antik dönem hamamları ile ilişkilendirilen sekizgen planlı sıcaklık bölümünün dört köşesinde yer alan yarım daire nişlerden ibaret mekan düzeninin öncül örnekleri Roma ve Geç Antik dönem Hamamlarında karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu plan şeması Roma Mauseliumları ile 6. yüzyıl Bizans vaftizhaneleri ve bazı kiliselerde de tercih edilmiştir. Söz konusu plan tipi ile yapının cephe düzeni ve malzeme teknik detaylarında karşımıza çıkan Geç Dönem Bizans Mimarisi’nde yaygın kullanımı gözlenen bazı unsurlar, Bursa Eski Kaplıca’nın özellikle yapıyı gören Avrupalı seyyahlar tarafından bir Bizans yapısı olarak tanıtılmasına sebep olmuş, bazı araştırmacılar seyyahlarla aynı görüşü savunmuş; bazı araştırmacılar ise kaplıcanın Türk mimar ve ustalar tarafından inşa edildiği yönünde görüş bildirmişlerdir. Çok sayıda yayında değinilen bir yapı olmasına karşın Eski Kaplıca monografik bir çalışmaya konu olmamış, yapıya dair belge ve bilgiler kapsamlı bir değerlendirmede ele alınmamıştır. Yapının mimarı ve orijini hususunda ise farklı görüşler güncelliğini korumakta, bir fikir birliğine varılmadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu makalede yapının tarihlendirilmesine dair yeni bazı tespitler ile birlikte, esas olarak yapının orijini ve mimarı konusu ele alınarak değerlendirilecektir.
A review paper on the hazardous effect of plastic debris on marine biodiversity with some possible remedies
Authors: Hasnat Md Abul , Rahman Mohammad Atikur
Published: November 2018

The consequences of plastic debris in the marine environment were reviewed, and possible solutions were presented. The extent of marine plastic debris-related problems surpasses many other marine problems, as plastics may be transported globally and no unaffected areas seem to exist. Many animal species are in risk, most commonly studied are the effects on marine mammals and seabirds. Marine plastic debris creates new concerns such as entanglement, ghost fishing, and impaction of digestive tracts in animals. It also increases the severity of already existing concerns such as transport, exposure and uptake of organic pollution, with reduced fitness and impaired reproduction and increased mortality rates as consequences. To alleviate the problems, reducing the extent of marine plastic pollution is critical. Possible methods were identified as collecting and incentivizing recycling of marine plastic debris; redirecting production from petroleum plastics to biodegradable varieties; increase public awareness to reduce marine littering; stricter enforcement of current legislation as well as implementation of stricter legislation and harsher penalties for breaking it.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 233-241
Corrosion des coupoles de plafond par les fluctuations de pression de l'air emprisonné
Authors: Lismonde Baudouin
Published: November 2018

Nous proposons un nouveau mécanisme de creusement des réseaux semi-noyés et nous l'appliquons plus particulièrement à la formation des coupoles de plafond. Nous supposons que certaines coupoles prennent naissance dans la zone épinoyée des grottes. Les fluctuations du niveau piézomé-trique de l'eau emprisonnent un volume d'air et le mettent en pression. La pression partielle du gaz carbonique augmente en proportion. Cette compression est quasi isotherme et un brouillard se forme dans l'air. Les gouttes de ce brouillard récupèrent le gaz carbonique et le ramènent sur les parois et l'eau. D'où une reprise de corrosion. Par exemple une mise en charge de 10 m d'une bulle d'air à PCO2 = 3.10-3 conduit à une dissolution supplémentaire atteignant 1 g/kg d'air.

Nous présentons un modèle numérique simplifié de formation de coupole.
Internal Structures of Molecular Clouds in the LMC Revealed by ALMA
Authors: Sawada Tsuyoshi , Koda Jin , Hasegawa Tetsuo
Published: November 2018

We observed five giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) in the 12CO J = 1–0 line using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The sample includes four GMCs with some signs of star formation—either YSOs, H ii regions, and/or young clusters—and one quiescent GMC without any sign of massive star formation. The data from the ALMA 12 m, 7 m, and Total-Power arrays are jointly deconvolved to obtain high-fidelity images at high spatial resolution (3″ = 0.7 pc). The four star-forming GMCs show very complex structures with clumps and filaments. The quiescent GMC shows a relatively diffuse, extended emission distribution without prominent clumps or filaments. This difference is similar to that between structured molecular gas in Milky Way spiral arms and unstructured gas in the inter-arm regions. We characterize the difference with the brightness distribution function and brightness distribution index. In conjunction with other ALMA studies of GMCs in the LMC, the five GMCs tentatively form an evolutionary trend: from less structured, quiescent GMCs to more structured, actively star-forming GMCs. A future ALMA study will be able to map molecular clouds over the LMC and reveal the evolutionary sequence of molecular clouds.
Spatial Expansion and Speeds of Type III Electron Beam Sources in the Solar Corona
Authors: Reid Hamish A. S. , Kontar Eduard P.
Published: November 2018

A component of space weather, electron beams are routinely accelerated in the solar atmosphere and propagate through interplanetary space. Electron beams interact with Langmuir waves resulting in type III radio bursts. They expand along the trajectory and, using kinetic simulations, we explore the expansion as the electrons propagate away from the Sun. Specifically, we investigate the front, peak, and back of the electron beam in space from derived radio brightness temperatures of fundamental type III emission. The front of the electron beam travels at speeds from 0.2c to 0.7c, significantly faster than the back of the beam, which travels at speeds between 0.12c and 0.35c. The difference in speed between the front and the back elongates the electron beam in time. The rate of beam elongation has a 0.98 correlation coefficient with the peak velocity, in line with predictions from type III observations. The inferred speeds of electron beams initially increase close to the acceleration region and then decrease through the solar corona. Larger starting densities and harder initial spectral indices result in longer and faster type III sources. Faster electron beams have higher beam energy densities, and produce type IIIs with higher peak brightness temperatures and shorter FWHM durations. Higher background plasma temperatures also increase speed, particularly at the back of the beam. We show how our predictions of electron beam evolution influences type III bandwidth and drift rates. Our radial predictions of electron beam speed and expansion can be tested by the upcoming in situ electron beam measurements made by Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe.
Distances and Kinematics of Gould Belt Star-forming Regions with Gaia DR2 Results
Authors: Dzib Sergio A. , Loinard Laurent , Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Rodríguez Luis F. , Galli Phillip A. B.
Published: November 2018

We present an analysis of the astrometric results from the Gaia second data release (DR2) for young stellar objects (YSOs) in star-forming regions related to the Gould Belt (GB). These regions are Barnard 59, Lupus 1 to 4, Chamaeleon I and II, ϵ Chamaeleontis, the Cepheus flare, IC 5146, and Corona Australis. The mean distance to the YSOs in each region is consistent with earlier estimations, though a significant improvement in the final errors was obtained. The mean distances to the star-forming regions were used to fit an ellipsoid of size (358 ± 7) ×(316 ± 13) × (70 ± 4) pc3, centered at (X
0, Y
0, Z
0) = (−82 ± 15, 39 ± 7, −25 ± 4) pc, consistent with recently determined parameters of the GB. The mean proper motions were combined with radial velocities from the literature to obtain the three-dimensional motions of the star-forming regions, which are consistent with a general expansion of the GB. We estimate that this expansion is occurring at a velocity of 2.5 ± 0.1 km s−1. This is the first time that motions of YSOs have been used to investigate the kinematics of the GB. As an interesting side result, we also identified stars with large peculiar velocities.
Spectroscopy of the Type Ic Supernova SN 2017iuk Associated with Low-redshift GRB 171205A
Authors: Wang J. , Zhu Z. P. , Xu D. , Xin L. P. , Deng J. S. , Qiu Y. L. , Qiu P. , Wang H. J. , Zhang J. B. , Wei J. Y.
Published: November 2018

We here report a spectroscopic monitor for the supernova (SN) SN 2017iuk associated with the long-duration low-luminosity gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 171205A at a redshift of 0.037, which is up to now the third GRB–SN event away from us. Our spectroscopic observations and spectral analysis allow us to identify SN 2017iuk as a typical broad-line Type Ic SN. A comparison study suggests that the Type IcBL SN 2017iuk resembles SN 2006aj in the following aspects: (1) similar spectra at the nearby epochs, (2) comparable evolution of the photospheric velocity obtained from the measurements based on both the Si ii
λ6355 line and spectral modeling, and (3) comparable explosion parameters. This analogy could imply the formation of a neutron star in the core collapse of GRB 171205A/SN 2017iuk as previously suggested in GRB 060218/SN 2006aj. The properties of the host galaxy are discussed, which suggest that GRB 171205A/SN 2017iuk occurred in an early-type (S0), high-mass, star-forming galaxy with low specific star formation rate and solar metallicity.
Comparing Chandra and Hubble in the Northern Disk of M31
Authors: Williams Benjamin F. , Lazzarini Margaret , Plucinsky Paul P. , Sasaki Manami , Antoniou Vallia , Vulic Neven , Eracleous Michael , Long Knox S. , Binder Breanna , Dalcanton Julianne J. , Lewis Alexia R. , Weisz Daniel R.
Published: November 2018

The X-ray source populations within galaxies are typically difficult to identify and classify with X-ray data alone. We are able to break through this barrier by combining deep new Chandra ACIS-I observations with extensive Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury of the M31 disk. We detect 373 X-ray sources down to 0.35–8.0 keV flux of 10−15 erg cm−2 s−1 over 0.4 square degrees, 170 of which are reported for the first time. We identify optical counterpart candidates for 188 of the 373 sources, after using the HST data to correct the absolute astrometry of our Chandra imaging to 0.″1. While 58 of these 188 are associated with point sources potentially in M31, over half (107) of the counterpart candidates are extended background galaxies, 5 are star clusters, 12 are foreground stars, and 6 are supernova remnants. Sources with no clear counterpart candidate are most likely to be undetected background galaxies and low-mass X-ray binaries in M31. The hardest sources in the 1–8 keV band tend to be matched to background galaxies. The 58 point sources that are not consistent with foreground stars are bright enough that they could be high-mass stars in M31; however, all but 8 have optical colors inconsistent with single stars, suggesting that many could be background galaxies or binary counterparts. For point-like counterparts, we examine the star formation history of the surrounding stellar populations to look for a young component that could be associated with a high-mass X-ray binary. About one-third of the point sources are not physically associated with a young population, and are therefore more likely to be background galaxies. For the 40 point-like counterpart candidates associated with young populations, we find that their age distribution has two peaks at 15–20 Myr and 40–50 Myr. If we only consider the 8 counterpart candidates with typical high-mass main-sequence optical star colors, their age distribution peaks mimic those of the sample of 40. Finally, we find that intrinsic faintness, and not extinction, is the main limitation for finding further counterpart candidates.
Infrared Detection of Abundant CS in the Hot Core AFGL 2591 at High Spectral Resolution with SOFIA/EXES*
Authors: Barr Andrew G. , Boogert Adwin , DeWitt Curtis N. , Montiel Edward , Richter Matthew J. , Indriolo Nick , Neufeld David A. , Pendleton Yvonne , Chiar Jean , Dungee Ryan , M. Tielens Alexander G. G.
Published: November 2018

We have performed a 5–8 μm spectral line survey of the hot molecular core associated with the massive protostar AFGL 2591, using the Echelon-Cross-Echelle Spectrograph (EXES) on board the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). We have supplemented these data with a ground-based study in the atmospheric M band around 4.5 μm using the iSHELL instrument on the Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), and the full N-band window from 8 to 13 μm using the Texas Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph (TEXES) on the IRTF. Here we present the first detection of rovibrational transitions of CS in this source. The absorption lines are centered on average around −10 km s−1 and the line widths of CS compare well with the hot component of 13CO (around 10 km s−1). Temperatures for CS, hot 13CO, and 12CO v = 1–2 agree well and are around 700 K. We derive a CS abundance of 8 × 10−3 and 2 × 10−6 with respect to CO and H2, respectively. This enhanced CS abundance with respect to the surrounding cloud (1 × 10−8) may reflect sublimation of H2S ice followed by gas-phase reactions to form CS. Transitions are in local thermodynamic equilibrium and we derive a density of >107 cm−3, which corresponds to an absorbing region of <0.04″. EXES observations of CS are likely to probe deeply into the hot core, to the base of the outflow. Submillimeter and infrared observations trace different components of the hot core as revealed by the difference in systemic velocities, line widths, and temperatures, as well as the CS abundance.
Effect of cyclosporin and tacrolimus on kidney function in liver recipients
Authors: Kosmacheva Elena D. , Babich Anna E.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. Chronic renal failure is a significant issue regarding treatment of patients after liver transplantation. One of the factors determining the impaired renal function after liver transplantation is a long-term immunosuppressive therapy based on calcineurin inhibitors. The objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of renal function, depending on the use of various calcineurin inhibitors in the long-term postoperative period in liver recipients in real clinical practice.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the renal function in patients operated in the State Public Health Budget Institution “Scientific Research Institute – S.V. Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital № 1”, Krasnodar Region, was carried out. This article describes dynamics of creatinine level and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients before liver transplant, as well as 6 months, 1, 2 and 3 years after surgery. GFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Statistica 10 software package.

Results and discussion. Before transplantation, the level of creatinine in the blood plasma was 82.9±19.8 mmol/l, 6 months later a20.4% increase in creatinine was registered (p=0.004), 12, 24 and 36 months later – it increased by 24.8% (p=0.00001), 24.4% (p=0.0004), and 26.0% (p=0.0005), respectively. Both cyclosporine and tacrolimus caused an increase in the level of creatinine. Baseline GFR was 83.4±25.9, the reduction in GFR occurred in comparison with the baseline by 14.2% (p=0.0005), 18.8% (p=0.00001), 20.2% (p=0.00003), 22.6% % (p=0.00006) 6, 12, 24 and 36 months later, respectively. The degree of the decrease in GFR against the background of tacrolimus therapy did not differ significantly from that in case of cyclosporine. Verification of chronic kidney disease and the administration of statins were recorded in isolated cases.

Conclusions. In liver recipients, the level of creatinine rises and GFR decreases. Reduction of kidney function occurs against the background of both inhibitors of calcineurin, in connection with which it is necessary to increase the doctors’ alertness for early detection of a decrease in glomerular filtration rate with further verification of chronic kidney disease.
Spatial management of the European hake Merluccius merluccius fishery in the Catalan Mediterranean: Simulation of management alternatives with the InVEST model
Authors: Khoukh Meryeme , Maynou Francesc
Published: November 2018

European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is an important commercial fisheries species that shows growth overfishing, with catches basically focused on juveniles. This study assesses the benefit of closing a coastal area (an essential habitat for European hake recruits) to fishing, in addition to other alternatives of spatial management, compared with traditional, non–spatial management scenarios on fishing grounds exploited by the bottom trawl fleets of Blanes and Palamós (Province of Girona, NE Spain). We use InVEST, a spatially explicit model of intermediate complexity that simulates the bioeconomic effects of management measures for decision making. The sensitivity analysis of the model results shows the high influence of some parameters, particularly the parameterization of the recruitment submodel and European hake’s fecundity coefficients. The results are also examined in the light of uncertainty on migration parameters: in the two cases analysed (considering migration patterns or not), the results of the indicators (catch and revenues, abundance, recruitment and spawning stock biomass) were qualitatively similar and all show that the application of a restricted fishing area in one particular fishing ground (Vol de Terra) is the best management alternative. Its bioeconomic effects are comparable to a reduction of fishing effort of up to 20%. With high levels of ontogenetic migration, fishing on a second fishing ground (Cul de Rec – El Pas) should be restricted to enhance the biomass of the European hake population.
Ecological importance of survival of unwanted invertebrates discarded in different NW Mediterranean trawl fisheries
Authors: Demestre Montserrat , Sartor Paolo , Garcia-de-Vinuesa Alfredo , Sbrana Mario , Maynou Francesc , Massaro Andrea
Published: November 2018

There is currently very little information on the survival of discards of unwanted and unregulated catches of invertebrates after the stresses caused by capture. A great number of the unregulated invertebrate species form the basis of essential fish habitats for important fisheries resources such as hake, red mullet and cuttlefish. Thus, data on their survival after discarding may help to interpret the role of these species within the benthic ecosystems. Furthermore, descriptor 6 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (EU Directive 2008/56/E) foresees maintaining sea floor integrity at a level that ensures that the structure and functions of the ecosystems are safeguarded, and Article 7(d) of the Common Fisheries Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) foresees the implementation of management measures for fishing with low impact on the marine ecosystem and fishery resources. Survival measurements by direct recovery of tagged discarded species are not effective in bottom trawl fisheries, for which alternative studies such as semi-quantitative measures obtained on board prior to discarding can be considered as appropriate for mortality estimation. The present work assessed the survival of unwanted species using a semi-quantitative assessment on the deck of trawlers and at the laboratory for a period of 96 hours in two Mediterranean areas (the Catalan coast and the Ligurian and Northern Tyrrhenian seas). A high number of discarded invertebrates showed a high percentage of survival (>70%) in both assessments. The results can be used to provide information that can help to achieve higher survival levels of discarded specimens and enhance the productivity of fishing grounds by increasing the health of benthic ecosystems.
New Finds of Terracottas from the Sanctuary of the Nymphs and Demos on the Hill of the Nymphs in Athens
Authors: Dourou Maria , Georgaka Vassiliki D.
Published: November 2018

The archaeological area encompassing the hills to the west of the Athenian Acropolis, namely the Hill of the Muses (Philopappos Hill), the Pnyx, and the Hill of the Nymphs, (Asteroskopeion Hill), comprises a rocky formation of some 700 acres. Because of their key geographic location these hills played a crucial role in the history of the city of ancient Athens. Archaeological exploration at the summit of the Hill of the Nymphs revealed a sanctuary dedicated to the Nymphs that can be traced back to the late seventh century B.C.E.; by the mid-fifth century this had become known as the sanctuary of the Nymphs and Demos. A large number of handmade terracotta figurines belonging to the typical Attic repertoire of the sixth century B.C.E. found in many sanctuaries of female deities in Attica were unearthed from repositories in this sanctuary. Their presence reinforces the Nymphs’ reputation as protectors of fertility and marriage, as these figurines were popular offerings at the sanctuary for a period of a century and a half.
Italian Police Nab Suspects in an Antiquities Smuggling Ring After a Years-Long Investigation Code-Named ‘Operation Demetra’
Authors: Kinsella Eileen
Published: November 2018

An article in artnet News published in July 5, 2018, details the results of a four-year investigation by Italian carabinieri known as “Operation Demetra,” during which dozens of Greek figurative terracottas and scores of Greek vases, among other artifacts, were recovered from sites in western Sicily.
U-LITE, a Private Cloud Approach for Particle Physics Computing
Authors: Demin Barbara , Parlati Sandra , Spinnato Pietro Fedele , Stalio Stefano
Published: November 2018

The computing infrastructure of Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) is the primary platform for data storage, analysis, computing and simulation of the LNGS-based experiments, which are part of the research activities of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN). Scientific collaborations running such experiments have diverse needs and adopt different approaches in developing the computing frameworks that support their activities. The emergence of resource virtualization and the cloud paradigm has allowed a complete change to the way of operating and managing the LNGS computing infrastructure, and realize U-LITE, a private versatile environment apt at hosting such varied ecosystem and providing LNGS scientific users a familiar computing interface which hides all the complexities of a modern data center management. Since 2011, U-LITE has proven to be a valuable tool for the LNGS experiments, and provides an example of effective use of a private Cloud computing approach in a real scientific context.
NATURALIZAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE LIDERANÇA: O RESGATE DOS VALORES
Authors: PEREIRA JUSSARA JÉSSICA , Maranhão Carolina Machado Saraiva de Albuquerque , Rezende Ana Flávia
Published: November 2018

Esta pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo e exploratório, propôs-se a refletir sobre o conceito de liderança, de acordo com literatura mainstream. Portanto, questionam-se quais as variáveis sócio-históricas podem ser resgatadas no processo de desnaturalização da liderança, de modo a superar sua objetivação. Para tal empreitada, exploraram-se os trabalhos desenvolvidos por Stogdill (1950); Likert (1961); McGregor (1960); Pfeffer (1981); Kotter (1990); Conger e Kanungo (1988); Northouse (2007); Bryman (2009), representantes das teorias tradicionais de liderança, com o objetivo de buscar uma linguagem comum a todos. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi desconstruir o processo de naturalização da temática, tal como presente nas teorias funcionalistas (mainstream), resgatando sua historicidade e concreticidade. As teorias tradicionais a definem, em termos gerais, como um processo ou ato de influenciar as atividades de um grupo, organizando os esforços a fim de se alcançar um objetivo. Nota-se a naturalização do processo de liderança; o contexto histórico e conflituoso da origem do fenômeno foi abstraído, restando, apenas, algo concreto, fixo e objetivado. Como resultados, apresentam-se esquemas que ilustram esta visão crítica do conceito de liderança. Considerou-se a liderança como uma construção sócio-histórica dos envolvidos, que está intimamente ligada a variáveis econômicas, culturais, axiológicas, históricas e religiosas. Esta empreitada científica se justifica dada a importância do tema na formação dos administradores, seja de natureza acadêmica ou profissional.
Brief Exposure of Skin to Near-Infrared Laser Modulates Mast Cell Function and Augments the Immune Response
Authors: Kimizuka Yoshifumi , Katagiri Wataru , Locascio Joseph J. , Shigeta Ayako , Sasaki Yuri , Shibata Mai , Morse Kaitlyn , Sîrbulescu Ruxandra F. , Miyatake Mizuki , Reeves Patrick , Suematsu Makoto , Gelfand Jeffrey , Brauns Timothy , Poznansky Mark C. , Tsukada Kosuke , Kashiwagi Satoshi
Published: November 2018

The treatment of skin with a low-power continuous-wave (CW) near-infrared (NIR) laser prior to vaccination is an emerging strategy to augment the immune response to intradermal vaccine, potentially substituting for chemical adjuvant, which has been linked to adverse effects of vaccines. This approach proved to be low cost, simple, small, and readily translatable compared with the previously explored pulsed-wave medical lasers. However, little is known on the mode of laser–tissue interaction eliciting the adjuvant effect. In this study, we sought to identify the pathways leading to the immunological events by examining the alteration of responses resulting from genetic ablation of innate subsets including mast cells and specific dendritic cell populations in an established model of intradermal vaccination and analyzing functional changes of skin microcirculation upon the CW NIR laser treatment in mice. We found that a CW NIR laser transiently stimulates mast cells via generation of reactive oxygen species, establishes an immunostimulatory milieu in the exposed tissue, and provides migration cues for dermal CD103+ dendritic cells without inducing prolonged inflammation, ultimately augmenting the adaptive immune response. These results indicate that use of an NIR laser with distinct wavelength and power is a safe and effective tool to reproducibly modulate innate programs in skin. These mechanistic findings would accelerate the clinical translation of this technology and warrant further explorations into the broader application of NIR lasers to the treatment of immune-related skin diseases.
Cutting Edge: B Cells Expressing Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide–Specific Antigen Receptor Are Tolerized in Normal Conditions
Authors: Yamada Hisakata , Ozawa Tatsuhiko , Kishi Hiroyuki , Okada Seiji , Nakashima Yasuharu , Muraguchi Atsushi , Yoshikai Yasunobu
Published: November 2018

Generation of neoantigens by citrullination is implicated in the production of anti–citrullinated protein Abs in rheumatoid arthritis, but citrullination is also a physiological process. To verify whether citrullin-specific B cells are immunologically ignorant or tolerant in normal conditions, transgenic (Tg) mice expressing IgM with the V region of an anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) mAb cloned from a rheumatoid arthritis patient were generated. CCP-specific B cells developed in the anti-CCP IgM Tg mice with an alteration of bone marrow B cell fractions, and the number of mature B cells decreased compared with wild-type or the control anti–influenza nucleoprotein–specific IgM Tg mice. In addition, B cells in anti-CCP IgM Tg mice are functionally anergic. Thus, tolerance is induced in CCP-specific B cells in vivo, suggesting that the immune systems are naturally exposed to citrullinated Ags, and anti-CCP Ab production requires additional steps beyond the generation of neoantigens by citrullination.
CD8α+ Dendritic Cells Dictate Leukemia-Specific CD8+ T Cell Fates
Authors: Kline Douglas E. , MacNabb Brendan W. , Chen Xiufen , Chan Wen-Ching , Fosco Dominick , Kline Justin
Published: November 2018

APCs are essential for the orchestration of antitumor T cell responses. Batf3-lineage CD8α+ and CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs), in particular, are required for the spontaneous initiation of CD8+ T cell priming against solid tumors. In contrast, little is known about the APCs that regulate CD8+ T cell responses against hematological malignancies. Using an unbiased approach, we aimed to characterize the APCs responsible for regulating CD8+ T cell responses in a syngeneic murine leukemia model. We show with single-cell resolution that CD8α+ DCs alone acquire and cross-present leukemia Ags in vivo, culminating in the induction of leukemia-specific CD8+ T cell tolerance. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the mere acquisition of leukemia cell cargo is associated with a unique transcriptional program that may be important in regulating tolerogenic CD8α+ DC functions in mice with leukemia. Finally, we show that systemic CD8α+ DC activation with a TLR3 agonist completely prevents their ability to generate leukemia-specific CD8+ T cell tolerance in vivo, resulting instead in the induction of potent antileukemia T cell immunity and prolonged survival of leukemia-bearing mice. Together, our data reveal that Batf3-lineage DCs imprint disparate CD8+ T cell fates in hosts with solid tumors versus systemic leukemia.
Perfil nutricional de mães de prematuros e avaliação de diferentes fatores de risco e carências nutricionais relacionadas ao parto prematuro
Authors: Andrade José Francisco Alves de , Silva Henrique Custódio da , Xavier Thiago Brito , Raio Sherlon Elvis Pinto , Andrade Monique de Almeida Hingel de , Pantoja Mauro de Souza
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Apresentar e discutir os achados da literatura referentes ao perfil nutricional de mães de prematuros na população em geral e identificar os diferentes fatores de risco e carências nutricionais relacionadas ao parto prematuro. Método: Os dados foram coletados mediante revisão sistemática utilizando os descritores gestação, estado nutricional, recém‑nascido prematuro, tomando como base artigos levantados dos últimos 5 anos publicados no Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo), Lilacs, MedLine e Pubmed. Como critérios de inclusão foram estabelecidos artigos originais e de revisão publicados na íntegra na forma on-line nos idiomas português, espanhol e inglês no período de 2012 a 2017, utilizando os descritores supracitados nos respectivos idiomas. Como critério de exclusão foram estabelecidos artigos repetitivos nas bases de dados, além de artigos não pertinentes à busca nos descritores definidos. Resultados: Foram coletados 85 artigos científicos, nos quais 70 destes se encontraram dentro dos critérios de exclusão e 15 trabalhos dentro dos critérios de inclusão. Conclusão: O perfil das mães de prematuros é influenciado pelas condições socioeconômicas e sanitárias. A maioria apresentou taxas de zinco eritrocitário inferior aos das mães de bebês a termo. A ingestão excessiva de proteínas favorece a incidência de prematuridade. Mães obesas ou com baixo peso contribuem para a morbimortalidade neonatal e consequentemente prematuridade. Desta forma, a avaliação do consumo alimentar, da suplementação e do estado nutricional durante o processo gravídico são importantes para detectar déficits nutricionais e hábitos inadequados, com vista a adequar as necessidades de nutrientes nesse período e a evitar alterações no estado nutricional, permitindo um prognóstico favorável à saúde da mãe e filho
Standard essential patents – a comparison of approaches between East and West
Authors: Choi Yo Sop , Heinemann Andreas
Published: November 2018

The rapid development of the ‘New Economy’ on a global scale has brought new issues of competition law, one of them concerning the licensing of standard essential patents (SEPs). Standardization allows interoperability and compatibility and thus enhances not only static but also dynamic efficiency. However, the procedures in standard setting organizations (SSOs) may not be used to unduly restrict competition. In Asia, for example, most competition regimes have highlighted their focus on fair and free competition, making clear that the field of SEP is no exception. Recently, the competition authorities in Korea and China have concluded that a breach of ‘fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND)’ commitments may constitute violations of their competition rules, apparently taking inspiration from the case law in the EU. Therefore, it seems overdue to look at recent developments in competition law and policies on SEP and FRAND worldwide and to enquire into the divergence and convergence of competition law in selected jurisdictions. Despite considerable differences, a common feature of all competition regimes discussed in this article is that their goal is to keep markets in the information and communication technology sector as open as possible, including – and especially – with respect to standard-setting procedures.
The development of ecosystems for technology transfer in Mexico: the role of Patenting Centers
Authors: Beltrán-Morales Luis Felipe , Jefferson David J , Fraire Ileana Serrano , Alandete-Saez Monica
Published: November 2018

In this article, we evaluate an initiative recently launched by the national government in Mexico to create ‘Patenting Centers’ in various universities and research institutions in diverse regions of the country. We focus particularly on elucidating how the installation of these Patenting Centers has augmented the number of national filings for intellectual property (IP) protection, and how the Centers have contributed to increasing the quality of IP applications. Furthermore, we analyze how the Mexican Patenting Centers have qualitatively contributed to fostering local cultures of innovation, for example through capacity-building activities directed towards scientific researchers. We also attempt to understand how the Patenting Centers have supported processes of technology transfer and commercialization, which we evaluate by examining a case study from the Northwest Biological Research Center (CIBNOR). Our findings indicate that the Mexican Patenting Centers have contributed to increasing IP protection activity in various regions of the country, and that they have augmented interactions between public research institutions and the productive sector. We conclude with suggestions for how the Patenting Center model may be further assessed in the future, to ensure that the government's mission of fostering endogenous innovation and the creation of a knowledge-based economy may continue to be realized.
Asymmetry and helplessness: the copyright ecology of online literature writers in China
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Wing Mark
Published: November 2018

The gradual increase in the output of China's online literature industry and strengthening of the copyright development chain has yet to result in any standardization of copyright management. This article provides an analysis of discrimination against online literature writers, as their writing is usually considered less creative than conventionally published work. This paper then analyses the rampant piracy and plagiarism plaguing online literature in China and the difficulty authors encounter in protecting their rights. After examining this environment, the article discusses the reasons behind the dysfunctional copyright ecology facing online literature writers. It focuses on the position of the online literature platform, namely the potential capital advantage of the platform and associated weakening of the ‘elite’ label applied to certain online literature writers following from the freemium business model. Unclear management from the government is also addressed.
Effectiveness of Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Compared With Bimanual Therapy Home Programs for Infants With Hemiplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chamudot Rena , Parush Shula , Rigbi Amihai , Horovitz Roni , Gross-Tsur Varda
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE. We examined the effectiveness of modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) in treating infants with hemiplegic cerebral palsy and compared therapy outcomes with a nonconstraining bimanual therapy (BIM) of equal intensity.

METHOD. In a single-blinded randomized controlled trial, 33 infants with hemiplegia (mean corrected age = 11.1 mo, standard deviation = 2.2) received either mCIMT (n = 17) or BIM (n = 16). Both interventions included home programs encouraging the use of the affected hand during daily 1-hr play sessions for 8 wk. Outcome measures were administered pre- and posttreatment and included the Mini-Assisting Hand Assessment for babies and the Functional Inventory. At baseline, parents also filled out the Dimensions of Mastery Questionnaire.

RESULTS. Both groups demonstrated a significantly large and equal improvement in hand and gross motor function posttreatment (p < .001) and high treatment compliance.

CONCLUSION. mCIMT and BIM are equally effective methods for treating infants with hemiplegia.
Parallel-Forms Reliability and Clinical Utility of an Application Version of the Activity Card Sort Australia (18–64)
Authors: Gustafsson Louise , Martin Aleysha , Buijsman Liane , Poerbodipoero Soemitro , Liddle Jacki , Ireland David
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE. This study examined the parallel-forms reliability of a web application (app) of the Activity Card Sort Australia for adults ages 18–64 and assessed its clinical utility.

METHOD. Forty-eight participants completed the app and card versions of the tool within a 2- to 3-wk interval and provided feedback via a purpose-designed survey. Intraclass correlation analysis tested parallel-forms reliability.

RESULTS. The app demonstrated acceptable parallel-forms reliability for overall retained activity level (r = .75, p < .001), the daily life domain (r = .77, p < .001), and the recreation and relaxation domain (r = .74, p < .001), but not for the physical activity domain (r = .59, p < .001). Clinical utility responses suggested good acceptance of both versions.

CONCLUSION. The results suggest that further studies are required before the app version can be used for research or in clinical settings.
Effects of Free Transportation on Function, Health, and Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Tomita Machiko Rachel , Schuler Erica , Moy Heidi , Sigler Julianne
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/19/2018

Two years of free transportation availability improved health, function, quality of life, and social relations and lowered depression for community-dwelling older adults.

Primary Author and Speaker: Machiko Rachel Tomita

Additional Authors and Speakers: Erica Schuler, Heidi Moy, Julianne Sigler
Development and Translation of Measurement Findings for the Motivation Assessment for Team Readiness, Integration, and Collaboration Self-Scoring Form
Authors: Liu John
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/19/2018

The Motivation Assessment for Team Readiness, Integration, and Collaboration provides information on intrapersonal readiness to collaborate in a team. The study aimed to develop an innovative approach to assessing and interpreting individual motivation in collaborative biomedical teams.

Primary Author and Speaker: John Liu Jr.

Contributing Authors: Gaetano Lotrecchiano, Trudy Mallinson, Lisa Schwartz, Holly Falk-Krzesinski
The Role of Everyday Technology and Engagement in Activities in Perceived Health Among Older People in Urban Communities
Authors: Kottorp Anders , Lee Jenica , Walsh Ryan J
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/19/2018

This study of older people with and without functional limitations in an urban environment targeted everyday technology access and use, activity engagement, cognition, and perceived health.

Primary Author and Speaker: Anders Kottorp

Additional Authors and Speakers: Jenica Lee, Ryan J. Walsh

Contributing Authors: Ruxandra Drasga, Caniece Leggett, Holly Schapnik
Effects of Alternative Seating on Attention and In-Seat Behavior for Children With Autism
Authors: Morgus Kristen , Benson Jeryl , Brown Elena Donoso , Smitsky Deborah
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/19/2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of alternative seating on attention and in-seat behavior of preschoolers with autism. Preliminary results indicate that alternative seating was effective in improving attention. Results advance the profession as school therapists may recommend alternative seating.

Primary Author and Speaker: Kristen Morgus

Additional Authors and Speakers: Jeryl Benson, Elena Donoso Brown, and Deborah Smitsky
What Is the Meaning of Occupational Therapy for Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Care?
Authors: Wyble Elizabeth
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/19/2018

Patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are growing in number. This study provides the first evidence to support that patients perceive occupational therapy interventions to be meaningful and beneficial during acute care hospitalization after LVAD implantation.

Primary Author and Speaker: Elizabeth Wyble

Contributing Authors: Lisa Borrero, Jennifer Fogo, Cheryl Bittel, Katie Caldwell, Deborah Mann
(ADED) Interim Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Driving Intervention for Returning Combat Veterans
Authors: Classen Sherrilene , Winter Sandra
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

Returning combat veterans are at increased risk for motor vehicle collisions, injuries, and deaths. This poster describes the steps in a program of research that are critical for conducting a clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of an occupational therapy driving intervention.

Primary Author and Speaker: Sherrilene Classen

Additional Authors and Speakers: Sandra Winter
Facilitating the Participation of Older Adults Using an Occupation-Based Community Mobility Program: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Mulry Claire M.
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

Community participation has been linked to health and well-being and is a research priority. This study examined the outcomes of a community mobility program for older adults. Participants in the single-group, pretest–posttest, mixed methods design study demonstrated increased community participation and confidence.

Primary Author and Speaker: Claire M. Mulry

Contributing Authors: Mark Ravinsky, Christina Papetti, Julian DeMartinis
Relationships Between Therapist and Client Actions During Sensory Integration Therapy for Young Children With Autism
Authors: Holland Cristin , Yay Ozan , Gallini Giorgio , Blanche Erna , Thompson Barbara
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

This study explored relationships between child and therapist behaviors during sensory integration therapy. Data reveal strong correlations between behaviors children improved in and specific therapist activities, which can guide sensory integration therapy for young clients with autism to improve child outcomes.

Primary Author and Speaker: Cristin Holland

Additional Authors and Speakers: Ozan Yay, Giorgio Gallini, Erna Blanche, Barbara Thompson
Correlation Between Therapeutic Use of Self and Clients’ Participation in Rehabilitation
Authors: Fan Chia-Wei , Taylor Renee
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) and the Clinical Assessment of Modes were used to evaluate clients’ participation and paired therapists’ use of mode. Correlation analyses were conducted. The results show that the empathizing mode was significantly correlated to five subdomains of the MOHOST.

Primary Author and Speaker: Chia-Wei Fan

Additional Authors and Speakers: Renee Taylor
Student Book Bag Weight, Carriage Habits, and Perceptions of Pain, Participation, and Quality of Life
Authors: Prager Eliza , Guimbarda Anna , Hentis Torey , Hill Allie , Huxel Trisha , Massey Kayla , Wecke Katie
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

More than 60% of college students carry book bags greater than 10% of their body weight. However, we found that book bag weight was not correlated with pain, limitations in participation, or decreased quality of life. We look to the literature for factors that may influence these outcomes.

Primary Author and Speaker: Eliza Prager

Additional Authors and Speakers: Anna Guimbarda, Torey Hentis, Allie Hill, Trisha Huxel, Kayla Massey, Katie Wecke