bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APRESENTAÇÃO: Memórias de processos de renovação pedagógica no Brasil
Authors: Sylvia Vidigal Moraes Carmen , Dos Santos Braga Elizabeth , Cleber Dias de Menezes Roni
Published: March 2021

O presente dossiê pretende problematizar aspectos da história dos processos de renovação pedagógica e modernização institucional da educação pública brasileira. Para tal, elegeram-se estabelecimentos exponenciais da Universidade de São Paulo (1934) que guardam em diferentes momentos de suas trajetórias, a começar pelas feições adotadas e finalidades atribuídas desde suas respectivas fundações, signos marcantes dos discursos e projetos de transformação dos atuais níveis de ensino fundamental, médio e superior. Trata-se da Escola de Aplicação da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo (EA-Feusp), surgida em 1959, e da própria Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo (Feusp), originária do Departamento de Educação da FFCL-USP e erigida em unidade de ensino em 1969, todos eles relacionados ao Centro Regional de Pesquisas Educacionais de São Paulo/CRPE-SP (1956), organizado pelo Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Educacionais/INEP na gestão de Anísio Teixeira (1952-1964).  
Tal escolha se prende, por um lado, à instigante tarefa a que se entregaram docentes, alunos, funcionários e pesquisadores das duas instituições por ocasião das comemorações dos 60 e 50 anos, respectivamente, de criação de ambas as instituições, quando uma série de atividades, especialmente ligadas à produção e evocação de memórias, animaram todo o ano de 2019. Por outro, o conjunto de textos busca explorar a irrupção no cenário educacional de inovações e reformas que redimensionaram os traços da educação no país nos últimos 60 anos, logrando tal empreendimento pelo exame dos estímulos e rebatimentos de tais transformações tendo os estabelecimentos mencionados como atores privilegiados no curso de tais mudanças.
The Influence of Finger Puppet Media on Students' High Level of Thinking Ability in Elementary School
Authors: Nuriyanti Risma , Gumelar Abih
Published: March 2021

The low level of thinking ability of elementary school students is one of the problems that need to be considered. This study aims to know the influence of finger puppet media on students' high level of thinking ability in elementary school. The method used is a quarquis of nonequivalent control group design experiments. The population in this study was fourth grader in one of bandung elementary school which numbered 47 students and divided into two classes, namely experimental class and control class. The results showed there was a significant difference between posttest experiment class and control class. From these results it can be concluded that finger puppet media has a significant influence on students' high level of thinking ability in elementary school. Thus, students get meaningful learning and teachers get learning media that is able to improve students' high level of thinking ability which is assessed from the ability to analyze, which includes 3 indicators, namely determining the theme, determining the main idea, and determining the content of the story message.
Homework in Elementary School
Authors: Hidayah Ratna , Salimi Moh , Suhartono Suhartono , Susiani Tri Saptuti , Ngatman Ngatman Ngatman
Published: March 2021

Education is invesment for the future. The phrase discribed how attractiveness the future with prosperity, a society desirable. But it could not be reached without efforts from anyone who involved in education process. School, family, and society was centered of education. In those institution education held. So, it was plausibility disscuss the cooperation of those institution. Our focus disscuss was homework as medium to cooperate between school and family. The cooperation between one institution with onether for long time means empowering the institution it self. Homework is a time honored practice that can enhance the development of skills and reinforce knowledge gained within the classroom when it used effectively and appropriately. The purposes of homework serve three main functions instructional, communicative, and political. In instructional function, homework is natural extention of the curricular programs because it is an integral component of instruction. It can also serve as a vital link between theschool and family.
Table of Contents SHEs: Conference Series
Authors: SHEs: Conference Series Table of Contents
Published: March 2021

Table of Contents SHEs: Conference Series
PENCEMARAN LAUT OLEH MINYAK
Authors: Rahmayanti Henita
Published: March 2021

Pencemaran laut adalah masuknya atau dimasukkannya mahluk hidup, zat, energi dan atau komponen lain ke dalam laut hingga merubah tatanan atau komposisi air karena kegiatan manusia atau karena proses alam, dan kualitas turun sampai ketingkat tertentu dan menyebabkan fungsi dari laut tidak sesuai dengan peruntukannya,Pencemaran laut terjadi karena banyak hal, antara lain sampah , bahan kimia dan yang paling menonjol permasalah pencemaran dilaut adalah minyak, baik yang berasal dari pemboran minyak, juga tumpahan minyak dari kegiatan transportasi di laut.Untuk mengurangi dampak negatif dari pencemaran laut oleh minyak, maka dikemukakan alternatif solusi antara lain penegakan peraturan dari undang-undang yang sudah ada dan pemakaian alat guna mengurangi atau mencegah pencemaran oleh minyak pada setiap kegiatan kapal.Perlidungan lingkungan perairan sangat penting, karena mengingat fungsi laut yang amat penting bagi kelangsungan hidup di muka bumi.
KAJIAN TEORITIK INISIASI DAN PENJALARAN RETAK AKIBAT PEMBEBANAN KOMBINASI MODE I DAN MODE II
Authors: Dolu Anwar
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari arah perpanjangan dan perambatan retak,tegangan kritis atau dimensi retak kritis dan stabilitas jalur retakdikenakan mode kombinasi I dan pemuatan mode II. Model yang dinilairetak ciri dengan kombinasi mode yaitu Stres Tangensial Maksimum(MTS) dan Strain Energy Density (SED). Model-model tersebut diacu diterapkan padapiring kasus dengan panjang yang tak terbatas untuk inisiasi, pertumbuhan retak, dan stres kritisdikenakan biaksial, ketegangan dan kompresi). Hasil analisis juga diverifikasidengan hasil yang memuat dengan sudut retak (telah diperoleh dari percobaansebelumnya.
STUDI KUAT LENTUR DINDING ANYAMAN BAMBU HITAM (Gigantochloa atroviolacea) PLASTER SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF DINDING BANGUNAN
Authors: Pustakasari Dewi Arin , Bachtiar Gina , Neolaka Amos
Published: March 2021

Kebutuhan masyarakat akan rumah selalu meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, maka dari itukebutuhan bahan bangunan seperti batu bata dan batako sebagai dinding meningkat.Penggunaan tanah persawahan untuk membuat batu bata secara terus menerus, menyebabkankerusakan lingkungan areal persawahan, maka perlu di cari alternatif bahan lain untuk dinding,salah satunya yakni dinding anyaman bambu hitam plaster.Dengan memperhatikan kekuatan bambu yang tinggi dan didukung suatu kenyataan bahwabambu dengan kualitas tinggi dapat diperoleh pada umur 3 sampai 5 tahun, dalam kurun waktuyang relatif singkat, serta dengan mengingat bahwa bambu mudah ditanam dan tidakmemerlukan suatu perawatan yang khusus, maka bambu mempunyai peluang besar untukmengantikan kayu. Melihat dari ketersediaan bahan baku bambu yang melimpah terutamadidaerah pedesaan
Modificación del hábitat para los peces de la cuenca del río Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Angarita Héctor , Santos-Fleischmann Ayan , Rogéliz Carlos , Campo Fernando , Narváez-Campo Gabriel , Delgado Juliana , Santos Tania , Herrera-R. Guido , Jiménez-Segura Luz
Published: March 2021

Este capítulo presenta una recopilación de las principales transformaciones de gran escala de los hábitats fluviales de la cuenca del río Magdalena, que han resultado de los efectos acumulativos y concurrentes de diversas intervenciones antrópicas. Los análisis integran tres factores principales para cuantificar los cambios en los hábitats de agua dulce a escala de la cuenca: a) conectividad hidrológica, b) régimen de caudales, y c) el régimen de sedimentos y geomorfológico. Cada uno de estos componentes es analizado de manera espacialmente explicita para la red fluvial, indicando las zonas que concentran los mayores niveles de transformación. Específicamente, se documentan cambios asociados a: la perdida de los corredores de conexión entre hábitats de zonas bajas, medias y altas; modificaciones en la conectividad lateral asociadas a la modificación del régimen de caudales por el efecto concurrente de la operación de embalses, las demandas de agua para agricultura y la expansión de la frontera agropecuaria en zonas de humedales; y cambios en los regímenes de transporte de sedimentos. A su vez, estos cambios se discuten respecto a intervenciones prospectivas de los sectores de navegación, irrigación, minería y energía. Los análisis aquí presentados pueden contribuir a acelerar la aplicación en los instrumentos de gestión de la cuenca, incorporando la integridad de los hábitats como objetivos de la planificación inter-sectorial. Específicamente, pueden contribuir a la adopción de criterios para salvaguardar y restaurar la conectividad hidrológica, la aplicación regional de caudales ambientales; y definir prioridades de monitoreo, protección o restauración de hábitats críticos.
Peces introducidos en el río Magdalena y cuencas vecinas, Colombia
Authors: Lasso Carlos A. , Escobar María D. , Herrera Juliana , Castellanos María C. , Valencia-Rodríguez Daniel , Campuzano Jacobo , García Fabio , Jiménez-Segura Luz
Published: March 2021

Hay 43 especies introducidas en Colombia, todas ellas presentes en la cuenca del río Magdalena y repartidas así: 13 especies trasplantadas de una cuenca a otra (5 órdenes, 8 familias), incluyendo una especie identificada a nivel de género y una variedad; 30 especies exóticas u originarias de otros continentes (6 órdenes, 9 familias), incluyendo un híbrido y una variedad creada ex situ. Todas las especies consideradas son de interés para la acuicultura, pesca comercial, pesca deportiva y ornamento-acuariofilia. Se hace un análisis comparativo del estatus actual de estas especies en relación al 2012, fecha en la cual se realizó la última evaluación de las introducciones y se muestra la distribución actual de estas especies. De acuerdo a esto, se registraron 13 introducciones nuevas (siete especies trasplantadas y seis especies exóticas), de las cuales en 12 especies (una trasplantada más 11 exóticas), se amplió la distribución geográfica, prueba de su dispersión posterior a 2012. En la actualidad se cultivan 15 especies introducidas: seis especies exóticas en 121 municipios y nueve trasplantadas en 92 municipios, la mayoría policultivos (varias especies). La falta de controles de seguridad en estas instalaciones de cultivo, más la liberación intencionada, siembras y escapes, son las razones que explican la distribución actual de gran parte de las especies.
Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) with Probiotic Potential from Dengke Naniura
Authors: Manik Maria , Kaban Jamaran , Silalahi Jansen , Ginting Mimpin
Published: March 2021

Dengke Naniura is a traditional food from Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, that is produced through fermenting process, and this food is believed to contain high probiotics. The objective of the current research is to determine the potential of LAB as a probiotic that has been obtained from Dengke Naniura. Dengke Naniura was traditionally prepared from Cyprinus carpio. Four LABs have been successfully isolated from Dengke Naniura, such as D7DA3, D7B3, D7DBF and D7DN3. Those four LAB isolates were identified as Lactobacillus sp. This result has been confirmed by the non-spore forming bacterium, non-motile, and Gram-positive. Also, it has been supported by biochemical test, for the example Voges Proskauer, catalase test, Methyl Red test, and carbohydrate fermentation. Several tests have been performed for determining the properties of the isolated LABs as probiotic, for the example: physiological properties, acid and bile tolerance and antimicrobial activities. As a probiotic, the fermentation profile of the isolated LAB was evaluated, including titratable acidity, pH, and organoleptic test. The all four isolates show the ability to survive in the MRS broth medium at pH 2 and 3. At the pH 3, the isolates of D7B3 show the highest ability to survive; it is about 100%, after 2 hours of incubation time. This data is followed by D7DBF4 with value 90 and 24% at pH 3 and 2, respectively. Otherwise, the isolate of D7DN3 and D7DA3 shows the lowest value, it is about 55-58% and 52-58% at pH 3 and 2, respectively. The fermented milk has been successfully made from LAB that has been isolated from Dengke Naniura. The fermented milk prepared using D7DA3 and D7DN3 has consistence and odor as similar as yoghurt, otherwise the isolate of D7DB3 and D7DBF4 produced fermented milk that is too thick. The fermented milk prepared from these isolates, D7DA3, D7DBF4 and D7DN3 has a normal taste. The better taste has been obtained in the fermented milk that was prepared using D7B3 isolate. The fermented milk prepared using LAB and obtained from Dengke Naniura has titratable acidity of 0.92-1.15% with pH 4.03-4.60.
The role of salt stress on laboratory cultivation of green macroalga Enteromorpha compressa and its antioxidant activity
Authors: Shanab Sanaa , Shalaby Emad
Published: March 2021

Cultivation of the green seaweed Enteromorpha compressa was performed under natural laboratory spring environmental conditions of temperature, light intensity and photoperiod to study the salinity tolerance of this intertidal green macroalga. Cultivation was carried out under artificial seawater (ASW) of different concentrations (18, 35, 53 and 106 g/l sea salt) compared to the control using natural seawater (NSW). Growth rate and pigment content of the cultivated alga were recorded at regular intervals during the experimental duration. Antioxidant activity of the crude ethanolic extract and its fractions (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and acetone) was performed against DPPH radical scavenging assay and compared to the standard synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxy-toluene (BHT). The finding showed that enhancement of algal growth rate under ASW concentrations of 35, 53 and to a lesser extent at 106 g/L during the first 15 days of cultivation were due to the increased pigment biosynthesis, photosynthetic and metabolic activities and followed by gradual retardation due to the impact of prolonged salt stress. Antioxidant activity of alga was found to be concentration, type of extract and incubation time dependent. Acetone fraction of all salt concentrations showed higher antioxidant activity compared to other fractions. Pronounced activity was recorded at higher seawater conc. (106g/l).
Corona children studies "Co-Ki": First results of a Germany-wide registry on mouth and nose covering (mask) in children
Authors: Schwarz Silke , Jenetzky Ekkehart , Krafft Hanno , Maurer Tobias , Martin David
Published: March 2021

Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: At the University of Witten/Herdecke an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry. Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average wearing time of the mask was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. Bias with respect to preferential documentation of children who are particularly severely affected or who are fundamentally critical of protective measures cannot be dismissed. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registryed indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children: adults need to collecticely reflect the circumstances under which they would be willing to take a residual risk upon themselves in favor of enabling children to have a higher quality of life without having to wear a mask.
Radiographic Features and Prognosis of Early- and Late-onset Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Pneumonitis
Authors: Huang Aiben , Xu Yang , Zang Xuelei , Wu Chongchong , Gao Jie , Sun Xiaoli , Xie Mei , Ma Xidong , Deng Hui , Song Jialin , Ren Fangping , Pang Li , Qian Jin , Yu Zhaofeng , Wan Shiyu , Chen Yuanyuan , Pan Lei , Zhuang Guanglei , Liu Sanhong , Xue Xinying
Published: March 2021

Background: Immunotherapy is becoming a standard of care for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonia (CIP) is a rare and potentially life-threatening event that can occur at any time during tumor immunotherapy. However, there may be differences in the radiological patterns and prognosis of CIP during different periods. This study aimed to investigate the radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset immune-related pneumonitis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 677 NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy to identify 32 patients with CIP who were being effectively treated by hormonotherapy, analyzed the clinical and radiographic data, and summarized the radiological features and prognosis of early- and late-onset CIP. Results: CIP had an incidence of 4.7%, a median onset time of 2.4 months, and a mortality of 28.1%. Among these, CIP included 14 early-onset cases, where grade ≥3 CIP accounted for 92.9%, main radiographic pattern was organizing pneumonia (OP)-like pattern, and mortality was 50.0%. We also identified 18 late-onset CIPs, where grade ≥3 CIP accounted for 50.0%, main radiographic pattern was nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)-like pattern, and mortality was 11.1%. The overall survival rate of the early-onset group was significantly lower than that of the late-onset group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Early-onset CIP cases were higher in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) grade and mainly presented with an OP-like radiographic pattern; whereas, late-onset CIP cases were lower in NCCN grade and mainly presented with an NSIP-like radiographic pattern. Finally, the prognosis of the early-onset CIP group was poorer than that of the late-onset CIP group. We believe that this study will be helpful for clinicians for making early diagnosis and deciding treatment modalities for patients with CIP.
Whole Transcriptome Analysis on Sepsis Caused by Pyogenic Liver Abscess
Authors: Zhao Ding , Liu Jia , Han Dong-feng , Li Xing-liang , Chen Jian , Li Wei , Xing Ji-hong , Sun Lichao
Published: March 2021

Background

Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a common clinical disease throughout the world with remaining high mortality and morbidity. This study sought to investigate key genes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) associated with the pathogenesis and treatment of sepsis caused by PLA (SLA).
Methods

We constructed the expression profiles of RNAs by RNA sequencing in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects, SLA and seven day therapy of SLA patients. Then the sequencing data was analysed through integrated bioinformatics strategy.
Results

4549 mRNAs, 9808 lncRNAs, 467 circRNAs and 292 miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between SLA and control samples. 3199 mRNAs, 6018 lncRNAs, 161 circRNAs and 132 miRNAs were differentially expressed between SLA after 7 days therapy and SLA control subjects. Moreover, DE mRNAs of the former two comparisons were both related to immunity and T cell-mediated immune response; DE lncRNAs were both associated with B cell receptor signaling pathway and Osteoclast differentiation; DE circRNAs were both related to Chagas disease and B cell receptor signaling pathway; DE miRNAs exerts its specific role in the process of SLA by MAPK signaling pathway and Estrogen signaling pathway compared to DE lncRNAs, circRNAs and mRNAs. Finally, lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network was constructed to explore the internal regulating relationships of these ncRNAs and mRNAs.
Conclusions

Our results may provide a new perspective on differential RNA expression involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of SLA and accelerate the development of novel treatments for this disease.
Asymmetrically Wettability Janus Cotton Fabrics Fabricated via Interfacial Ion Migration for Surfactant-stabilized Oil-in-water Emulsions
Authors: Yang Pu , Hu Ruimin , Yu Bin , Sun Yiwei , Liu Yiping , Lu Ming
Published: March 2021

Separation of surfactant-stabilized oil-water emulsions seems to be challenging owing to its diverse repercussions on environment and human life. The asymmetrical wettability Janus cotton fabric (J-MH@CF) with high separation performance was prepared by two-step method, which related to interfacial ion migration technology and unilateral spraying treatment. In detail, the immobilization of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) caused the formation of the rough micro/nanostructure of cotton fabric surface, which was helpful to superhydrophilic property. Stearic acid as a coating created the unilateral superhydrophobic surface with low surface energy. J-MH@CF showed asymmetric wettability, featuring diode-like directional water transmission. Wettability, directional transmission and separation performance of J-MH@CF membrane were investigated systematically. The asymmetric wettability architecture was demonstrated to play a key role in separating surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. Impressingly, the separation performance was not affected by the type of surfactants. For emulsion stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the separation flux driven by gravity was approximately 500 L m-2h-1, and all separation efficiencies were over 99.3%. CTAB/Oil/H2O emulsion and the Tween-60/Oil/H2O emulsion also could be successfully separated with high separation efficiency and separation flux. During the whole separation process, the oil droplets surrounded by surfactants (Oil-Ss) were difficult to demulsify and gathered on the surface of the fabric to form a "creamy layer", which was beneficial to improve separation efficiency and could be cleaned off so that J-MH@CF membrane was not contaminated. In addition, the J-MH@CF membrane exhibited robust reusability for separation, which was promising for remediation of oily wastewater containing surfactants.
Association of Urinary Sodium Excretion and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Section Study
Authors: Liu Jianfang , Guo Dan , Zhang Peizhen , Yang Xiaoyu , Lin Jiayang , Liu Deying , Wei Xueyun , Xu Bingyan , Huang Chensihan , Yang Linjie , Lei Xuzhen , Yang Zhi , Huang Junlin , Xue Yaoming , Zhang Huijie
Published: March 2021

Background: It has been well documented that left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is highly associated with incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence indicated that high sodium intake has been observed related with LVH in general population. However, information is not available regarding the association between urinary sodium excretion and LVH in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to explore the association between urinary sodium excretion and LVH in patients with T2DM.Methods: A total of 1356 patients with T2DM were recruited. Urinary sodium was measured from 24-hour urine samples of inpatients and morning fasting urine samples of outpatients. LVH was assessed by echocardiography. The associations between urinary sodium excretion and the risk factors for cardiovascular events, LVH and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were examined using linear regression analysis, logistic regression and restricted cubic splines.Results: Urinary sodium excretion levels was positively associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, including systolic blood pressure (P<0.001), body mass index (P<0.001), waist circumference (P<0.001) and LVMI (P<0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, increased urinary sodium excretion were significantly associated with increased risks of LVH [OR (95% CI), 1.47 (1.02-2.10); P=0.037] and CVD [OR (95% CI), 2.08 (1.20-3.61); P=0.009], after adjusted for demographics, lifestyle risk factors and cardiovascular risk factors. Multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline analyses of the association between urinary sodium excretion and LVMI showed a significant association (P=0.002) and provided no evidence of a nonlinear association (P=0.135).Conclusions: This study indicated that high urinary sodium excretion was independently associated with increased risk of LVH and CVD in patients with T2DM, suggesting that control of sodium intake is valuable in the prevention of diabetic cardiovascular complications.
Associations Between Socioeconomic Status and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Greater Magnitude of Perinatal Inequities in Montreal Than in Brussels
Authors: Sow Mouctar , Raynault Marie-France , Spiegelaere Myriam
Published: March 2021

Objective This paper compares the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and 1) low birth weight (LBW) and 2) preterm birth, in Brussels and Montreal, and discusses hypotheses that may explain the differences between these two regions. Methods This population-based study uses administrative databases from Belgian and Quebec birth records. The analysis is based on 97,844 and 214,620 singleton live births in Brussels and Montreal, respectively. Logistic regression models were developed for each region in order to estimate the relationship between SES (maternal education and income quintile) and pregnancy outcomes. The analyses were performed for all births according to the mother’s origin. Results SES is associated with LBW and preterm birth in both regions. This association varies according to the mother’s birth place; the impact of SES being greater for mothers born in Belgium or Canada than for those born abroad. The main difference between the two regions concerns the magnitude of perinatal inequalities, which is greater in Montreal than in Brussels, whether among the general population, native-born mothers, or immigrant mothers. Conclusion Significant differences in social inequalities in perinatal health are observed between Brussels and Montreal. The different characteristics of low-income and immigrant households between the two contexts help explain these results. In fact, the poor are relatively poorer in Quebec than in Belgium and live in a more unequal context.
The Influence of Prior Abdominal Surgery on Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Yumioka Tetsuya , Honda Masashi , Teraoka Shogo , Kimura Yusuke , Iwamoto Hideto , Morizane Shuichi , Hikita Katsuya , Takenaka Atsushi
Published: March 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of prior abdominal surgery on perioperative outcomes in patients who underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.Methods: We reviewed patients with small renal tumors who underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy from October 2011 to September 2020 at our institution. Comparisons between patients with prior abdominal surgery and with no prior abdominal surgery were based on perioperative outcomes. Furthermore, patients underwent transperitoneal robot-assisted partial nephrectomy was compared between those with and without prior abdominal surgery. The Mann–Whitney U test and the chi-square test were used for statistical analyses of variables. Results: Of 156 patients who underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, 90 (58 %) had no prior abdominal surgery, whereas 66 patients (42 %) underwent prior abdominal surgery. No significant differences in perioperative outcomes were observed between with and without prior abdominal surgery groups. In transperitoneal approach robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, 31 patients (38.8 %) had prior abdominal surgery, whereas 49 patients had no prior abdominal surgery. Trocar insertion time in the with prior abdominal surgery group took longer than the without prior abdominal surgery group (32 vs. 28.5 min, p = 0.031). The other perioperative outcomes were no significant differences. In the conversion rate, no significant difference was observed between the two groups (p = 0.556).Conclusions: Prior abdominal surgery does not appear to affect Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy can be a safe procedure for patients with prior abdominal surgery. In transperitoneal approach robot-assisted partial nephrectomy with prior abdominal surgery, trocar insertion time was longer, but no significant differences were found in other outcomes. The conversions to radical nephrectomy and open partial nephrectomy were not associated with prior abdominal surgery. Transperitoneal approach robot-assisted partial nephrectomy is thus considered a safe procedure for patients with prior abdominal surgery.
A Functional Map of Genomic HIF1α-DNA Complexes in The Eye Lens Revealed Through Multiomics Analysis
Authors: Disatham Joshua , Brennan Lisa , Chauss Daniel , Kantorow Jason , Afzali Behdad , Kantorow Marc
Published: March 2021

Background: During eye lens development the fetal vasculature regresses leaving the lens without a direct oxygen source. Both embryonically and throughout adult life, the lens contains a decreasing oxygen gradient from the surface to the core that parallels the natural differentiation of immature surface epithelial cells into mature core transparent fiber cells. These properties of the lens suggest a potential role for hypoxia in the regulation of genes required for mature lens structure and function. Since HIF1α is a master regulator of the hypoxic response, these lens properties also implicate HIF1α as a potential requirement for lens formation and homeostasis. Here, we employed a multiomics approach combining CUT&RUN, RNAseq and ATACseq analysis to establish the genomic complement of lens HIF1α binding sites, genes activated or repressed by HIF1α and the chromatin states of HIF1α-regulated genes.Results: CUT&RUN analysis revealed 8,375 HIF1α-DNA binding complexes in the chick lens genome. 1,190 HIF1α-DNA binding complexes were significantly clustered within chromatin accessible regions (χ2 test p < 1x10-55) identified by ATACseq. Formation of the identified HIF1α-DNA complexes paralleled the activation or repression of 526 genes, 116 of which contained HIF1α binding sites within 10kB of the transcription start sites. Some of the identified HIF1α genes have previously established lens functions while others have novel functions never before examined in the lens. GO and pathway analysis of these genes implicate HIF1α in the control of a wide-variety of cellular pathways potentially critical for lens formation, structure and function including glycolysis, cell cycle regulation, chromatin remodeling, Notch and Wnt signaling, differentiation, development, and transparency. Conclusions: These data establish the first functional map of genomic HIF1α-DNA complexes in the eye lens. They identify HIF1α as an important regulator of a wide-variety of genes previously shown to be critical for lens formation and function and they reveal a requirement for HIF1α in the regulation of a wide-variety of genes not yet examined for lens function. They support a requirement for HIF1α in lens development, structure and function and they provide a basis for understanding the potential roles and requirements for HIF1α in the development, structure and function of more complex tissues.
T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a novel predictor of surgical remission in newly diagnosed acromegaly
Authors: Akkaya Enes , Akgun Mehmet Yigit , Durmaz Emine Sebnem , Aydin Seckin , Ozkaya Hande Mefkure , Kizilkilic Osman , Gazioglu Nurperi , Kadioglu Pinar , Tanriover Necmettin
Published: March 2021

Background

Any preoperative diagnostic assessment that can predict the success of the operation in acromegaly will provide a positive impact on overall remission rates. The aim of this study is to present whether signal intensity on T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging could predict postoperative results in acromegaly patients.
Methods

We analyzed our surgical results in regard to T2-weighted images in newly diagnosed consecutive 124 patients with acromegaly, operated between 2014 and 2019. The T2-intensity of the pure somatotroph adenomas was correlated with the clinical, radiological, surgical and histopathological characteristics of the acromegaly patients.
Results

We found a predominance of T2-hyperintensity in our series (45%) and the T2-hypointense pure somatotroph adenomas were detected in only 34% of our patients. Total resection was performed in 72% of newly diagnosed acromegaly patients in this series. Accordingly, total resection was achieved in 69% of the T2-hyperintense group, 77% of the T2-hypointense group and 69% of the T2-isointense group. The surgical remission rates for the T2-hyper-, hypo- and isointense groups were 55%, 80%, and 69%, respectively. The surgical remission rate in the T2-hyperintense group was significantly lower than those of hypo- and isointense groups in newly diagnosed acromegaly patients.
Conclusions

This study demonstrates a close relationship between the T2 signal intensity and the surgical remission rates in acromegaly. T2 signal intensity seems to be an indicator of the degree of surgical resection completeness in pure somatotroph adenomas. The implications suggest that preoperative T2-intensity may directly predict the probability of post-surgical remission as an important independent factor in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly.
Genetic Parameters of Water and Feed Intake and Behavior Traits of Wean-to-Finish Pigs Under a Polymicrobial Natural Disease Challenge
Authors: Cheng Jian , Putz Austin M. , Harding John C. S. , Dyck Michael K. , Fortin Frederic , Plastow Graham S. , Dekkers Jack
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe pork industry faces unprecedented challenges from disease, which increases cost of production and use of antibiotics, and reduces production efficiency, carcass quality, and animal wellbeing. One solution is to improve the overall resilience of pigs to a broad array of common diseases through genetic selection. Behavioral changes in eating and drinking are usually the very first clinical signs when animals are exposed to stressors such as disease. Changes in feed and water intake behaviors in diseased pigs may reflect the way they cope with the challenge and, thus, could be used as indicator traits to selection of disease resilience. The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters of feed and water intake and behavior traits for wean-to-finish pigs in a natural polymicrobial disease challenge model, estimate genetic correlations of feed and water intake and behavior traits with growth rate and clinical disease traits, and to develop indicator traits for selection of disease resilience.ResultsIn general, water intake traits had moderate to high estimates of heritability, especially for average daily water dispensed, duration, and number of visits (0.44 to 0.58). Similar estimates were observed for corresponding feed intake traits (0.35 to 0.51). Most genetic correlation estimates among drinking traits were moderate to high (0.30 to 0.92) and higher than among feeding traits (0 to 0.11). Compared to other water intake traits, water intake duration and number of visits had relatively stronger negative genetic correlation estimates with treatment rate and mortality, especially across the challenge nursery and finisher (-0.39 and -0.45 for treatment rate; -0.20 and -0.19 for mortality). Conclusion﻿Most water and feed intake traits under severe disease challenge had moderate to high estimates of heritability, especially for feed or water intake duration and number of visits. Phenotypic and genetic correlations among feed intake traits under disease were generally low but water intake traits showed high correlations with each other. Water intake duration and number of visits are potential indicator traits to select for disease resilience because of their high heritability and had moderate genetic correlations with treatment and mortality rates under severe disease.
Infection with Helicobacter Pylori Presenting the vacA s2m2 haplotype is Strongly Associated with Protection Against Gastric Cancer
Authors: Guevara-Tique Alix , Valencia Fabian Castro , Olaya John Jairo Suaréz , Torres Roberto Carlos , Parra Giovanna , Serrano Isabel , Torres Javier , Carvajal Luis , Polanco Magdalena Echeverry , Bohórquez Mabel
Published: March 2021

Background: Infection with Helicobacter pylori is recognized as the main risk factor for gastric cancer (GC); the clinical outcome of this infection is variable and partially depends on the virulence of the infective strain. This study characterizes H. pylori virulence genes in patients with diverse gastric lesions, from preneoplasia to GC, from a South American region with high GC mortality rates.Methods: We studied the virulence profiles of H. pylori strains to colonize the antrum of 318 patients with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG), 58 patients with preneoplastic lesions (PN), and 90 with GC from Ibagué, Colombia. The presence of 16S rDNA, the cagA and cagE genes, and the vacA s1, s2, m1, and m2 alleles were determined by PCR.Results: H. pylori infection was detected in 44% of all patients, 41.2% in NAG, 43.1% in PN and 54.4% of GC patients (p= 0.0813). cagA and cagE genes were significantly more frequent in and GC than in NAG (p= <.0001). The vacA s1m1 haplotype was significantly more frequent in PN (68%) and GC (65.3%) than in NAG (37.4%). The frequency of vacA s2m2 haplotype decreased significantly from NAG (42.7%) to PN (12%) and this to GC (4.1%). A total of 23 different genotypes were identified, with cagA+/cagE+/vacA s1m1 (84/205) as the more frequent in PN and GC and cagA-/cagE-/vacA s2m2 in NAG (49/205).Conclusions: In the population studied, vacA s2m2 was identified as a significant marker for protection against PN and GC, and genotype cagA+/cagE+/vacA s1m1 as a marker for increased GC risk. We also found that patients with PN and GC had a higher frequency of cagA+/cagE+/vacA s1m1 H. pylori strains known to be aggressive.
Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Chinese version of the cervical cancer awareness measure
Authors: Jiang Nan , Zhang Lijuan , Zhang Dan , Zhao Yue
Published: March 2021

Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in women globally. The creation of cervical cancer awareness are important determinants of participation in cervical cancer screening, prevention and control and contribute towards reducing delayed presentation and mortality from the disease. However, there is no reliable, valid and mature questionnaire in China. The aim of this study is to evaluate the content validity and psychometric properties of Cervical Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM-C) in Chinese female population.Methods This psychometric evaluation study enrolled 415 general women and 275 clinical/medical experts and was conducted in 2 stages: translation and evaluation of content validity and psychometric evaluation. Cognitive interviews (n = 10) were conducted using the Participant Interview Form. The psychometric evaluation (n = 690) included score distribution, homogeneity (interitem and item-total correlations), internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), construct validity, and test-retest reliability.Results The content validity supported by cognitive interview was excellent and psychometric properties of CAM-C were satisfactory. The internal consistency of subscale of CAM-C were acceptable, with a range between 0.86 and 0.92. The test-retest reliability was good, that ICC coefficients for the total score of warning signs subscale, risk factors subscale, and knowledge score subscale varied between 0.78 and 0.84. There were significant differences between the groups of general women and medical/clinical experts in subscales of knowledge, warning signs and risk factors (p<0.001), which supports construct validity.Conclusions The results provide evidence for the validity and reliability of CAM-C in a sample of female Chinese population. The Chinese version of the CAM-C was a valid instrument to assess and monitor awareness level in the various mode of collecting data (e.g., paper-pencil methods, computer/telephone-assisted interviewing, or self-administered methods), and could be used to evaluate the effects of interventional programme on awareness among Chinese female population.
Quantifying Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Formation on Stainless Steel and Titanium Alloy Used in Orthopedic Fracture Fixation
Authors: Beladi-Behbahani Shayesteh , Helms Sarah M. , DesJardins John D. , Kennedy Marian S. , Bruce Terri , Tzeng Tzuen-Rong J.
Published: March 2021

In order to assess and compare the antibacterial property of implants surfaces, a standard method is needed to quantify bacterial load. This study evaluated the effectiveness of three quantifying methods, namely, (I) crystal violet staining analysis, (II) ultrasound detachment with viable cell counts, and (III) confocal laser scanning microscopy for characterizing S. aureus Seattle 1945 (ATCC 25923) biofilm on metallic coupons. The accuracy of the results, time for completion, and ease of use of methods were compared. The crystal violet method is relatively faster and more straightforward for analyzing biofilm formation. However, the accuracy of the confocal laser scanning microscopy method is found to be considerably higher than that of the other methods. Confocal laser scanning microscopy method is considered to be more time-consuming for data collection and analysis and costlier. The ultrasound detachment followed by viable cell count of recovered cells is recommended for biofilm quantification analysis on orthopedic materials when there is a large number of samples (more than ten samples). This info could provide guidelines that would facilitate the selection of suitable method for quantifying biofilm formation on orthopedic implants based on investigators’ consideration on method accessibility, assay cost, assay time, and complexity of method.
An Architecture Based on FDDC between any two ONUs for Optical Access Network
Authors: Zhu Yifan , Gan Chaoqin , Lin Wei , Gong Guiyu
Published: March 2021

A novel architecture with full-duplex direct communications(FDDC) between any two ONUs for optical access network is proposed in this paper. By designing combination switch(CS) ingeniously, the architecture is finished to realize FDDC between any two ONUs in wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks(WDM-PONs). By utilizing interconnected optical fibers between ONUs, the network has achieved three-level protections(feeder optical fiber protection, distributed optical fiber protection and interconnected optical fiber protection). By constructing expansion module(EM), the network can be flexibly expanded and optimized, and the CapEx and OpEx of network can be greatly reduced. Finally, by the simulation and analysis, the effectiveness of the proposed architecture is demonstrated.
The Effect of Pelvic Movements of a Gait Training System for Stroke Patients
Authors: Son Choonghyun , Lee Anna , Lee Junkyung , Kim DaeEun , Kim Seung-Jong , Chun Min Ho , Choi Junho
Published: March 2021

Background: Aging societies lead to higher demand for gait rehabilitation as age-related neurological disorders such as stroke increase. Since conventional methods for gait rehabilitation are physically and economically burdensome, robotic gait training systems have been studied and commercialized, many of which provided movements confined in the sagittal plane. For better outcomes of gait rehabilitation with more natural gait patterns, however, it is desirable to provide pelvic movements in the transverse plane. In this study, a robotic gait training system capable of pelvic motions in the transverse plane was used to evaluated the effect of the pelvic motions on stroke patients. Method: Healbot T, which is a robotic gait training system and capable of providing pelvic movements in the transverse plane as well as flexion/extension of the hip and knee joints and adduction/abduction of the hip joints, is introduced and used to evaluate the effect of the pelvic movement on gait training of stroke patients.Experiment: 23 stroke patients with hemiparesis participated in this study and were assigned into two groups. Pelvis-on group was provided with pelvic motions whereas no pelvic movement was allowed for pelvis-off group during 10 sessions of gait trainings in Healbot T. EMG signals and interaction forces as well as the joint angles of the robot were measured. Gait parameters such as stride length, gait period, cadence, and walking speed were measured after gait training. Result: 37.5 % lower interaction forces of pelvis were observed in the pelvis-on group than the pelvis-off group. Furthermore, the interaction forces at the thighs and calves of both groups showed significant decrease. The EMG signals of gluteus medius of the pelvis-on group increased by 77.2 %. Furthermore, statistically significant increases in various muscles were measured in the pelvis-on group during the stance phase. Conclusion: Gait training using a robotic gait training system with pelvic movements was conducted to study the effects of lateral and rotational pelvic movements in gait training of stroke patients. The pelvic movements made gait training less interfered by the exoskeleton while stimulating the voluntary muscle activation during the stance phase. Clinical trial registration: KCT0003762, 2018-1254, Registered 28 October 2018, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01_kren.jsp?seq=14310
A Multiplexed Chemical Sensing CMOS Imager
Authors: Wang Di , Zhang Fenni , Mallires Kyle , Tipparaju Vishal , Yu Jingjing , Forzani Erica , Jia Changku , Tao Nongjian , Xian Xiaojun
Published: March 2021

A miniaturized and multiplexed chemical sensing technology is urgently needed to empower mobile devices, Internet-of-Things (IoTs) and robots for various new applications. Here, we show that a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imager can be turned into a multiplexed colorimetric sensing chip by coating micron-scale colorimetric sensing spots on the imager surface. Each sensing spot contains chemical sensing materials and nanoparticles for colorimetric signal enhancement. The sensitivity is spot-size invariant, and high-performance chemical sensing can be achieved on sensing spot as small as ~ 10 µm. This great scalability combined with millions of pixels of a CMOS imager offers a promising platform for highly integrated chemical sensors. Moreover, the chemical CMOS chip can be readily integrated with mobile electronics. As a proof-of-concept, we have built a smartphone accessary based on this chemical CMOS chip for personal health management. We anticipate that this new platform will pave the way for the widespread application of chemical sensing, such as mobile health (mHealth), IoTs, electronic nose, and smart homes.