bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI KERAGAMAN GENETIK KENTANG SUPEJOHN TRANSGENIK (Solanum tuberosum L. var supejohn)
Authors: Lengkong Christine L.W. , Polii-Mandang Jeany , Lengkong Edy F.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of potato Supejohn transgenic that had been twenty-five times subcultured with exploration  method. The genetic variability was calculated using molecular marker Polimorphic Random Amplified DNA (RAPD) analysis of ten samples from four weeks planlets of Supejohn transgenic plants using ten random primers. DNA isolation of 10 samples using CTAB buffer  then measurement of the DNA qualification and quantification,  afterwards amplification of DNA by PCR using 10 random primers followed by electrophoresis on a 1% agarose gel with TAE 1x electrode buffer solution. Visualisation  the results used UV Transluminator to see DNA bands and the data of  polymorphic bands had been analized used the NTSYS-pc version of 1.07 program to obtain the similarity coefficient  and the dendrogram.The results showed that five random primers produced polymorphic DNA bands with 0.39 - 0.88 similarity coefficient  and the average similarity coefficient is 0.63 (63%) or the genetic diversity of the samples as many as 37%. Dendrogram formed eight distinct clusters corresponding similarity coefficient, the formation of clusters means that there is genetic diversity among the DNA samples. Keywords: potato Supejohn transgenic, RAPD, genetic diversity ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  menentukan keragaman genetik kentang Supejohn transgenik yang telah dua puluh lima kali disubkultur dengan menggunakan metode penelitian eksplorasi dengan penanda molekuler  Random Amplified Polimorphic DNA (RAPD) terhadap 10 sampel tanaman Supejohn transgenik, berumur empat minggu dan  menggunakan  10 primer random.  Isolasi DNA dari 10 sampel menggunakan buffer CTAB sesudah itu dilakukan pengukuran kualitas dan kuantitas  DNA, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan amplifikasi DNA secara PCR menggunakan 10 primer random diikuti dengan  elektroforesis pada gel agarose 1% dengan larutan penyanggah elektroda TAE 1x. Visualisasi hasil elektroforesis  menggunakan UV Transluminator untuk melihat pita DNA  dan analisis  data pita polimorfik  menggunakan program NTSYS-pc versi 1.07 sehingga didapatkan koefisien kesamaan dan dendrogram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima primer random menghasilkan pita DNA polimorfik dengan koefisien kesamaan 0.39 – 0.88 dan rata-rata koefisien kesamaan yaitu 0.63 (63%) atau  keragaman  genetik sampel sebesar 37%.  Dendrogram  membentuk delapan cluster yang berbeda sesuai koefisien kesamaan,terbentuknya clusters mengartikan bahwa ada keragaman genetik antar sampel DNA. Eugenia Volume 18 No. 3  Desember 2012 Kata kunci : kentang Supejohn transgenik , RAPD, keragaman genetik
AGRIBISNIS TANAMAN STROBERI DI DESA RURUKAN KECAMATAN TOMOHON TIMUR
Authors: Saroinsong Denny , Panelewen V. V.J. , Laoh O. E.H. , Pakasi C. B.D.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Strawbery is one of the most important fruits commodity in the world, especially for the subtropics countries. Although the strawberry is not a native to Indonesia, but its development which is patterned by the agribussiness and agro-industries can be categorized as one of the income sources  in the agricultural sector. Despite the development of strawberries in Indonesia continues to increase, but when compared with overseas, the strawberry business in Indonesia has not optimally performed. The purposes of this study are to assess and to explain the strawberry crop agri-businesses in the Rurukan Village of East Tomohon District. The results showed that in general, the farming cultivation of strawberry, consisted of: land cultivation, the nursery, and media plant cultivation. It was very important to manage the successful development by the farmers, i.e.: the technique of strawberry planting. Keywords : agribusiness, crop strawberry ABSTRAK Pelaksanaan sistem penempatan yang benar dimaksudkan agar stroberi menjadi salah satu komoditas buah-buahan yang penting di dunia, terutama untuk negara-negara beriklim subtropis. Di Indonesia, walaupun stroberi bukan merupakan tanaman asli Indonesia, namun pengembangan komoditas ini yang berpola agribisnis dan agroindustri dapat dikategorikan sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan dalam sektor pertanian. Meskipun perkembangan stroberi di Indonesia terus mengalami peningkatan, namun bila dibandingkan dengan luar negeri, usaha stroberi di Indonesia belum dilakukan secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji serta menjelaskan agribisnis usaha tanaman stroberi di Desa Rurukan Kecamatan Tomohon Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani yang dilakukan dalam budidaya tanaman stroberi secara umum meliputi : mengelolah lahan, pembibitan, pengolahan media tanam. Hal yang sangat penting untuk selalu dilakukan petani agar pengembangan tanaman stroberinya berhasil yaitu  teknik penanaman stroberi. Eugenia Volume 18 No. 3  Desember 2012 Kata kunci : agribisnis,  tanaman stroberi
ANALISIS DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKSI BERAS PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA TAHUN 2013 – 2030
Authors: Hosang Peter Rene , Tatuh J. , Rogi Johannes E.X.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Climate change has caused in the decreasing of rice production worldwide which affects food security condition in North Sulawesi. Therefore, efforts need to be done to anticipate this issue. A combination of numerical and spatial models was chosen in this study. Paddy rice numerical simulation model described relationships between crops’ physical environmental conditions and physiological condition in the forms of mathematical equations. Model inputs included climatic components, such as: light, temperature, humidity, wind speed and rainfall; soil physical components including: soil capacity, permanent wilt point, soil evaporation parameter; soil chemical variables including: pH and total nitrogen; agronomical input including: crop varieties, seed growth rate, irigation and nitrogen fertilizer; initial conditions including: ground water concentration, mineral nitrogen (NH4 and NO3) from various soil layers. Model output can be determined based on the purpose of the study. This research concluded that (a) rainfall pattern change and temperature’s increase affected paddy rice production, (b) 141,677 ton of rice shortage will be occurred in 2030. Strategics to anticipate this condition should be formulated. It is recommended to conduct a further research on compiling climate change data in North Sulawesi. Also, it is crucial to produce best paddy rice varietas resistant of climate change through biotechnology. Keywords : climate change, produce   ABSTRAK   Perubahan iklim mengakibatkan terjadi gangguan dalam produksi tanaman padi yang mempengaruhi kondisi ketahanan pangan di Sulawesi Utara sehingga perlu adanya langkah-langkah mengantisipasinya. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang mengintegrasikan model numerik dan spasial. Model numerik simulasi tanaman padi menjelaskan hubungan antara kondisi fisik lingkungan dengan kondisi fisiologis tanaman dalam bentuk persamaan-persamaan matematis.  Input model terdiri dari unsur-unsur cuaca berupa radiasi surya, suhu dan kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin dan curah hujan; sifat fisik tanah (kapasitas lapang, titik layu permanen dan parameter evaporasi tanah); sifat kimia tanah (pH, nitrogen total); input agronomis (varietas, laju penggunaan benih, irigasi, pemupukan nitrogen); serta kondisi awal berupa kadar air tanah dan nitrogen mineral (NH4 dan NO3) dari berbagai lapisan tanah.  Sedangkan untuk output dapat disesuai dengan tujuannya. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa (a) perubahan pola curah hujan dan kenaikan suhu udara mempengaruhi produksi tanaman padi, (b) prognosa ketersediaan beras pada tahun 2030 mengalami defisit sebesar 141,677 ton, sehingga diperlukan langkah strategi untuk mengantisipasi. Eugenia Volume 18 No. 3  Desember 2012 Kata kunci : perubahan iklim, produksi
INDUKSI KALUS DAN TUNAS DARI EKSPLAN PUCUK BROKOLI (Brassica oleracea L. sub var. italica Planch) PADA MEDIUM MS YANG DIBERIKAN NAA DAN BAP
Authors: Tilaar W. , Tulung S.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The research aimed was to know the combination effect of  NAA and BAP to callus and shoots induction of the explants bud of broccoli on Murashige and Skoog Medium. The research design used Completed Randomized Design in Factorial, which consisted of two treatments combination, i.e: NAA 0; 0,1 ; 1 ppm and BAP 0 ; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; ppm. Each treatmen was repeated in three times.  The observed variables were time of callus formation, time of shoot formation, high of shoot, and  total shoot added to MS: Analisys of Varians. The result showed that combination of NAA  and BAP influenced significantly the shoot height and the time of shoot formation however not to the total shoot of explant bud. Combination of NAA 1 ppm and BAP 3 ppm was excellent for height shoot however for the number of shoot was combination of NAA 0,1 ppm and BAP 5 ppm, and the time of shoot was on BAP 2 ppm. Callus was not formed on combination of NAA and BAP. Keywords : broccoli, NAA and BAP, MS medium ABSTRAK   Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi NAA dan BAP terhadap induksi kalus dan tunas dari eksplan pucuk  brokoli yang ditumbuhkan pada media MS. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap terdiri dari dua kombinasi perlakuan yaitu  NAA  dengan konsentrasi 0 ; 0,1 ; 1 ppm dan BAP   0   ; 1 ;  ; 2  ; 3  ;  4  : 5 ppm. Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Variabel yang diamati : waktu terbentuk kalus, waktu terbentuk tunas, tinggi tunas, dan jumlah tunas. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu Analisis Ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kombinasi NAA dengan BAP yang ditambahkan ke media MS,  berbeda nyata pengaruhnya terhadap tinggi tunas dan waktu bertunas tetapi tidak berbeda pengaruhnya terhadap jumlah tunas dari eksplan pucuk. Kombinasi terbaik untuk tinggi tunas adalah  NAA 1 ppm dengan BAP 3 ppm, sedangkan pada jumlah tunas adalah NAA 0,1 ppm dengan BAP 5 ppm, dan waktu berbertunas adalah pada BAP 2 ppm. Kalus tidak terbentuk pada kombinasi perlakuan NAA dan BAP. Kata kunci : brokoli, NAA dan BAP, Medium MS
VARIABILITAS GENETIK DAN HERITABILITAS KARAKTER MORFOLOGIS BEBERAPA GENOTIPE KENTANG
Authors: Pangemanan Ventje , Runtunuwu D. S. , Pongoh J.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the genetic variability and heritability of morphological characters of some genotypes of potato at the Seed Station in Linelean Village, Modoinding of South Minahasa Regency. The results showed that, the relatively narrow range of genotypes variance for all the characters observed. The coefficient of variance genotypes for plant height, at 14, 42 and 56 DAP (Days After Planting) was relatively narrow, whereas at 7, 21, 28, 35 and 42 DAP relatively wide. For the character of the number of leaves at 7 and 14 DAP are wide and at 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 DAP relatively narrow. For the character of leaf area at 7 and 14 DAP were wide and at 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 DAP relatively narrow. For the character of the number of harvest tubers per plant and weight per tuber harvest were wide. Wide sense heritability were high for all the characters observed, except for plant height at 7 and 56 DAP were classified as moderate. Keywords: genotype variance, coefficient variance of genotype and heritability ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabilitas genetik dan heritabilitas karakter   morfologis beberapa genotipe kentang di Balai Benih Desa Linelean Modoinding Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ragam genotipe tergolong sempit untuk semua karakter yang diamati. Koefisien ragam genotipe untuk karakter tinggi tanaman, pada 14, 42 dan 56 HST (Hari Setelah Tanam)  tergolong sempit, sedangkan pada 7, 21, 28, 35 dan 42 HST tergolong luas. Untuk karakter jumlah daun pada 7 dan 14 HST tergolong luas dan pada 21, 28, 35, 42 dan 49 HST tergolong sempit. Untuk karakter luas daun pada 7 dan 14 HST tergolong luas dan pada 21, 28, 35, 42 dan 49 HST tergolong sempit. Untuk karakter jumlah umbi panen per tanaman dan berat per umbi panen tergolong luas. Heritabilitas arti luas semua karakter tergolong tinggi, kecuali untuk karakter tinggi tanaman pada 7 dan 56 HST yang tergolong sedang. Eugenia Volume 19  No. 2  Agustus 2013 Kata kunci: ragam genotipe, koefisien ragam genotipe dan heritabilitas
PENGGUNAAN Trichoderma sp. DAN PGPR UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN STRAWBERRY DI RURUKAN (MAHAWU)
Authors: Rante Caroulus S. , Meray Elisabet R.M. , Kandowangko Daisy S. , Ratulangi Max M. , Dien Moulwy F. , Sembel Dantje T.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Study aims (a) to determine the effectiveness of Trichoderma sp., combination PGPR and Trichoderma sp., and PGPR to the development of diseases that attack strawberry plants, (b) to study the effect of application of Trichoderma sp., combination PGPR and Trichoderma sp. and PGPR for strawberry production.  The experiment was conducted in the village Rurukan (Mahawu), subdistrict Tomohon Timur.  Study lasted from March to August 2013.  Experiments using a randomized block design with 4 treatments, as follows: Treatment A = Trichoderma sp., Treatment B = PGPR, Treatment C = combination of Trichoderma sp. and PGPR, and Treatment D = Control.  The experiment was repeated 4 times.  Data were analyzed using Minitab software ver. 14.  Things that observed the symptoms of disease, number of shoots, roots and heavy weight of strawberries.  The results showed that strawberry plants are not attacked by various diseases. Fungus Verticillium sp. encountered attack strawberry plants with very low intensity.  The average number of shoots ever encountered on the 6.25 shoots PGPR treatment and lowest in the control treatment, ie 2.20 shoots .  The average weight of the heaviest roots found in the PGPR treatment and 68.75 grams of the lowest in the control treatment, which is 13.50 grams.  The average weight of the fruit of the highest found in the 731.25 grams of PGPR treatment and lowest in the control treatment fruit weighing 417.50 grams. Keywords : Trichoderma sp., Verticilium sp., PGPR, Mahawu
APLIKASI PUPUK DAN MULSA JERAMI PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI TERHADAP SERANGAN HAMA DAN PRODUKSI
Authors: Rimbing J. , Pelealu J. , Sualang D.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The research was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD), with 10 treatments and 3 replications. To get the active insects pests, net sweepings were done for the flying insects, while other pests were observed directly on the plants. Collecting data of plant damages were made by systematic diagonal lines, except for viruses, census was conducted on each experimental plot.  The results of this experiment documented 12 species of insect pests attacking soybean plants. Soybean pest populations were relatively low, except for Aphis glycine that was quite high. In all treatments, plant damage caused by sucking pest Piezodorus sp and Riptortus linearis were relatively low of 1.53 % to 1.94 %; it indicated an insignificant effect to decline the production. Crop damages by virus showed a significant effect. The lowest virus attacks found on compost of 5 tons per ha with 43 plants infected per treatment, the highest virus attack showed on combination of 5 tons compost per ha + inorganic fertilizer + mulch, in which there were 274 infected plants per treatment. Apparently virus attacks gave impact on soybean production. The highest production were documented on treatment of 5 tons compost per ha with production of 0.55 tons per ha, while the lowest production was found on combination of 5 tons compost per ha + inorganic fertilizer + mulch, in which the production was 0.22 tons per ha. Keywords:  fertilizer, mulch, insect pest, production
PEMBERIAN KOMPOS PADA TANAH BEKAS TAMBANG DENGAN INDIKATOR TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica chinensis L)
Authors: Karamoy Theffie Lientje , Kumolontang W. J.N. , Rondonuwu J.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   This research aimed to determine the effects of compost applications on ex-mining lands by using chinese cabbage as indicator. The experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture greenhouse and the soil and compost analysis were done at the Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory for a duration of two months. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design method with 5 treatments repeated 3 times to get 15 experimental units. The analysis on ex-mining soil revealed that it contained only trace amounts of soil nutrients N, P, and K. The laboratory analysis on the compost sample resulted in a C/N ratio of 11.87 which suggested that the compost was mature and ready to be used. The Analysis of Variance on research data showed that compost applications did not affect plant height between treatments at each weekly observation, and similarly did not affect leaf quantity and fresh weight at harvest time.  However, the research found that the compost applications tended to improve plant height, leaf quantity, and fresh weight of plants at harvest time.  The minimal effect of compost applications between treatments suggested that the plants did not utilized the nutrients supplied by the compost in their early stages of development.  Moreover, it was also suspected that the compost applications had not been sufficient in supplying the soil nutrients needed by the plants to ensure proper growth which ultimately affected the fresh weight of the plants at harvest time. Keywords: compost, ex-mining land
IDENTIFIKASI DAN POPULASI LALAT BUAH Bactrocera spp. PADA AREAL TANAMAN CABE, TOMAT, DAN LABU SIAM
Authors: Kaurow Hetsi A. , Tulung Max , Pelealu Jantje
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Improvements to the identification techniques adapted to the latest determination key, requires socialization, so that the farmer can determine which plant pests have damaged many crops and causing losses. This study were conducted to determine species of fruit fly Bactrocera spp. and to determine the population of Bactrocera spp. attacking commodities chili, tomato and pumpkin siam. Research carried out by direct surveys on the area which is the center of the fruit and vegetable crops in Tomohon. Each stretch of the plants fruit vegetable crops of chili, tomato and pumpkin siam was laid trap.  The number of traps on each observation plots of vegetables or fruit per plant commodities were 5 (five) traps. The bottle trap was placed in the middle of planting vegetables fruit by a diagonal way. Traps of steiner models made of plastic bottles of 1.5 liters of mineral water and a perforated plastic funnel fitted as entrance fruit flies was used in this experiment. The tool is also equipped with a wire as a binder between the traps and wood enforcement to be put in planting fruit vegetables. Cotton was rolled with a diameter of about 3 cm and then tied with thread and put Methyl Eugenol (ME) of 0.25 ml and Cue-Lure (CL) as much as 0.25 ml by using the syringe and then hung in the middle of the bottle trap. Keywords : identification, population, Methyl Eugenol, Cue-Lure
KERAGAMAN BUAH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE DAN KABUPATEN SITARO
Authors: . Robert , Runtunuwu S. D. , Rogi J. E.X. , Pamandungan Yefta
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   This study aims to determine the nutmeg crop diversity is based on the character of the fruit, seeds, nutmeg mace in Sangihe Island Regency (Island of Sangihe) and District SITARO (Siau Island). The method used is the method of direct observation at the farmer's planting area nutmeg. Location research based on secondary data, namely the districts and villages producer of nutmeg, then determined the three observation points in each study site. Each observation point is determined 10 samples to be observed fruit trees, and every tree observed 20 fruit ready for harvest. Samples of plants is determined by: 1) Age of plants, which is about 15-30 years, and 2) The state of the plant, which is being fruitful and healthy tree. Observations carried out on: 1) The shape of fruit, 2) Color rind 3) Thick flesh, 4) Weight pieces, 5) The length of the fruit, 6) diameter pieces, 7) The color of the fruit flesh, 8) Weight seed fresh, 9) Lengh seed, 10) diameter seed, 11) weight  mace fresh, 12) Color mace. The results showed: 1) The shape of fruit and nutmeg seeds in Sangihe Islands Regency is more diverse than in the District Sitaro. 2) The highest weight of fresh nutmeg obtained from the location Talawid weighing 57.95 g fresh weight and r lowest nutmeg obtained from the location Karatung I is weighing 35.91 g fresh weight nutmeg while the highest was obtained from the location that is weighing 9.45 g Talawid and the lowest seed fresh weight was obtained from the location Karatung I are weighing 6.75g. 3) The same colors are red blood mace. Keywords: nutmeg plant, diversity of fruit, Sangihe, SITARO
KERAGAMAN BUAH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE DAN KABUPATEN SITARO
Authors: Robert Robert , Runtunuwu S. D. , Rogi J. E.X. , Pamandungan Yefta
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   This study aims to determine the nutmeg crop diversity is based on the character of the fruit, seeds, nutmeg mace in Sangihe Island Regency (Island of Sangihe) and District SITARO (Siau Island). The method used is the method of direct observation at the farmer's planting area nutmeg. Location research based on secondary data, namely the districts and villages producer of nutmeg, then determined the three observation points in each study site. Each observation point is determined 10 samples to be observed fruit trees, and every tree observed 20 fruit ready for harvest. Samples of plants is determined by: 1) Age of plants, which is about 15-30 years, and 2) The state of the plant, which is being fruitful and healthy tree. Observations carried out on: 1) The shape of fruit, 2) Color rind 3) Thick flesh, 4) Weight pieces, 5) The length of the fruit, 6) diameter pieces, 7) The color of the fruit flesh, 8) Weight seed fresh, 9) Lengh seed, 10) diameter seed, 11) weight  mace fresh, 12) Color mace. The results showed: 1) The shape of fruit and nutmeg seeds in Sangihe Islands Regency is more diverse than in the District Sitaro. 2) The highest weight of fresh nutmeg obtained from the location Talawid weighing 57.95 g fresh weight and r lowest nutmeg obtained from the location Karatung I is weighing 35.91 g fresh weight nutmeg while the highest was obtained from the location that is weighing 9.45 g Talawid and the lowest seed fresh weight was obtained from the location Karatung I are weighing 6.75g. 3) The same colors are red blood mace. Keywords: nutmeg plant, diversity of fruit, Sangihe, SITARO
BIOMONITORING DAMPAK EKOLOGIS MERKURI DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI TORAUT KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW
Authors: Rantung John L. , Wantasen Sofia
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Traditional gold mining in Toraut Watershed Bolaang Mongondow District was used Merkuri Amalgamation that produced tailing. Tailing are discharged to river and environment sorounding that can enter Toraut River and flows to the down stream Mongondow river (beach Inobonto). This study aims: 1) To determine Hg concentrations in River Toraut up stream, middle stream and down stream; 2) To determine Hg concentrations in sediment of the River Toraut up stream, middle stream and down stream; 3) To determine Hg concentrations in aquatic plantsof the River Toraut up stream, middle stream and down stream.  Location research in River Toraut up stream, middle stream and down stream. Data collected by observation and laboratory analysis Merkuri concentration in River Toraut, sediment, and aquatic plant. Method data analysis are descriptif, Graphic Method and to compare with standart Goverment PP. No.82/2001 Class II. The analysis showed that the concentration of Merkuri in River Toraut up stream, in the middle stream and down stream is<0.00005 mg/l. The concentration of Merkuri in sediments River Toraut up stream, the middle stream and down stream ranged < 0.05-1.45 mg/kg dry. The concentration of Merkuri in tissue plant aquatic location up stream of the River Toraut, the middle stream and down stream range < 0.001-0.013 mg /kg wet.Keywords : biomonitoring, ecological impacts merkuri, Toraut Watershed
IRIGASI HEMAT AIR PADA PADI LOKAL DENGAN VARIASI KETEBALAN TANAH OLAH MENGGUNAKAN POLA TANAM SRI (SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION)
Authors: Ludong Daniel P.M. , Ai Nio Song
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The objective of this research was to evaluate the vegetative development in 3 North Sulawesi local rice varieties (Superwin (A), Temo (B) dan Burungan (C)) as a response to the thickness variation of cultivated soil layer combined with irrigation deletion. This research was conducted in the glasshouse using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) column (500 mm height, 125 mm diameter) as pots. The treatments consisted of 3 variations of cultivated soil layer, i.e. 18, 24 and 30 cm and the clay hardpan was placed below each of the cultivated soil layers. The level of irrigated water and the amount of the fertilizer were applied following the method of SRI (System of Rice Intensification). The results showed that reducing the thickness of cultivated soil layer to 18-24 cm saved the water as much as 6.15-8.12 L (29.7-39.2%) per pot compared with 30 cm thickness of soil layer in Burungan. Comparing with the 24 cm soil layer thickness, the treatments of 18 cm thickness saved 6.92 L (23.42%) and 5.77 L (18.32%) water, respectively in Superwin and Temo. Keywords: efficient irrigation, North Sulawesi local rice, System of Rice Intensification
INTERAKSI VARIETAS PEPAYA DAN PENYIRAMAN TERHADAP KUTU PUTIH Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink, (HEMIPTERA:PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)
Authors: Tairas Robert W. , Pelealu J. , Tulung M.
Published: July 2019

abstract This study aims to understand the interaction of varieties and watering the papaya mealybug in Bangkok and local plants. Research using Completaly Randomized design (CRD) with treatments that Papaya of varieties Bangkok, Lokal, and Watering. Parameters measured were population nymph, imago, and the attack rate of the mealybug P. marginatus on the part of the plant consists of a trunk, the upper leaves, leaves the middle, and bottom leaves. The results showed that the population of nymphs on papaya local watering every day at the upper leaves of the plant has the highest population as much as 71.85 individuals per leaf and the lowest found in papaya Bangkok on watering every three days on the underside of leaves of plants of 1.85 individuals per leaf. Imago population at the local papaya with a watering every day at the middle leaf has the highest population of 27.85 individuals per leaf and the lowest found in papaya Bangkok with a watering every three days at the bottom of the leaf has a population of 1.71 individuals per leaf. The percentage of mealybug attacks were highest in local varieties of papaya with every day watering time (90.89%), followed by papaya local time watering every two days (70.35%), papaya Bangkok time watering every day (67.92%), local papaya time watering every three days (57.32%), papaya Bangkok time watering every two days (42.72%), and papaya Bangkok time watering every 3 days (40.04%). Keywords: Paracoccus marginatus, mealybug, papaya, population, watering
SERANGAN DAN POPULASI Scotinophara sp. PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW TIMUR
Authors: Kila Alex Hendra , Salaki Ch. L. , Meray Elisabeth R.M.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The research aimed to find out the attacks and pest populations Scotinophara sp. in rice crops have been carried out in EastBolaang Mongondow from July to October 2014. The study used survey methods at several centers of rice cultivation in East Bolaang Mongondow, then set three districts as a test site where sampling. Sampling using Method Diagonal slices then select ten clump of rice plants in each sub-sample plots. Samples were taken at vegetative stage and generative phase. Things were observed in this study is the percentage of infected plants and pest populations. The results showed that the highest percentage of infected rice plants in the age of the plants 8 weeks after plants are found in Sub Tutuyan amounted to 66.66 percent and the lowest sequentially the District Nuangan and the District Kotabunan namely 39.33 percent and 11.13 percent.The highest Scotinophara sp. population density was found based on the location is district Tutuyan 10,11 tail and the lowest sequentially District Nuangan and the District Kotabunan is 1.82 and 0.96 tail. The density of the population by age of the plant, the highest in the plant age 8 mst 12.75 and the lowest sequentially 6, 4 and 2 mst is4.38, 0.06 and 0 tail. Keywords : attack, population, Scotinophara sp., rice plant
RESPON PAKLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PADI LOKAL WESEL
Authors: Runtunuwu Semuel D. , Sumampouw D. M.F. , Tumewu Pemmy , Mamarimbing Rinny , Rengkung R. M.N.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Response of rice to paclobutrazol (PBZ) depends on plant variety. This experiment were done to know the influence of PBZ to growth and yield of local rice Wesel using randomized block design (RBD). The treatment consist of four dosages of PBZ with four replications. The results showed PBZ treatmant enhance of grain yield per plant, number of productive tillers (NPT),  weight of 1.000 grains, crop growth rate (CGR), and leaf chlorophyll content. Keywords: Paclobutrazol (PBZ), crop growth rate (CGR), chlorophyll, yield, local rice
RESPON PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH SENGON LAUT (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) TERHADAP ALELOPATI DAUN DAN RHIZOME ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica L.)
Authors: Pangemanan Euis F.S. , Ratag Semuel P.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   A plant species can release a toxic compound which can inhibit the growthof other plant species.  The success of planting certain tree species, both inside and outside the forest area with agroforestry system can be affected by allelopathy of other plant species. The objective of this research was to study the response of sengon laut (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) seed germination on cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica L.) leaves and rhizomes allelopathy. The experimental design was a randomized complete design with four replicates.  The treatments were leaves and rhizomes extracts of cogongrass, and water as control.  The results showed that the extract concentration of 20 % (weight/volume), then the sengon laut seed germination was not affected by the extracts. Keywords:  sengon laut, cogongrass, allelopathy, seed germination
REDESAIN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU KAMPUS UNSRAT BERDASARKAN EVALUASI KENYAMANAN TERMAL DENGAN INDEKS DISC
Authors: Saroinsong Fabiola B. , Kalangi J. I. , Babo Prestin
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Outdoor spaces are important to sustainable cities because they accommodate outdoor activities and contribute greatly to the quality of urban living.During the last decade, interest in the assessment of thermal comfort has increased because of climate changes and increased heat stress in cities. Greenspaces that provide a pleasurable thermal comfort experience for users effectively improve their quality of livability and productivity. However, current investigations lack a general framework for the use of thermal comfort assessment, such as in making master plan or designing better greenspace. This paper discusses greenspace of Sam Ratulangi University Campus relating to thermal comfort. It provides knowledge of thermal comfort investigation and landscape design review. The results of thermal comfort assessment, among 11 observed plots, only greenspace at FMIPA is categorized as comfortablespot. Greenspaces at FAPET and FEB are not really comfortable, those at BNI and FKM A and FKM B are not comfortable and those at FATEK, FAPERTA, FISIP, FH, FKM A are categorized as very uncomfortable spots. We suggest some options for redesigningof uncomfortable and very uncomfortable greenspace spots.Keywords: greenspace, outdoor, termal comfort
PREFERENSI HAMA Thrips sp. (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) TERHADAP PERANGKAP BERWARNA PADA TANAMAN CABAI
Authors: Rante C. S. , Manengkey G. S.J.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to know the interest of Thrips sp. on various colored traps. This research has been conducted on farmers' land in Kakaskasen II Village, Tomohon City. The study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with the following treatment: (A) pink trap; (B) yellow trap; (C) blue trap; (D) green trap and (E) white trap.  Each treatment was replication three times. The results showed that Thrips sp. more interested in yellow traps than green, blue, white and pink traps. Average population of Thrips sp. fluctuates at first to seventh observations. The highest population was found in the yellow trap, the second observation was 134.67 and the fifth observation was 118.33.Keywords :  Thrips sp., Thysanoptera, Thripidae, color sticky trap   ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui ketertarikan dari hama Thrips sp. pada berbagai perangkap berwarna.  Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada lahan petani di Desa Kakaskasen II, Kota Tomohon.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan sebagai berikut : (A) Perangkap berwarna merah muda; (B) Perangkap berwarna kuning; (C) Perangkap berwarna biru; (D) Perangkap berwarna hijau dan (E) Perangkap berwarna putih.  Masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hama Thrips sp. lebih tertarik pada perangkap berwarna kuning dibandingkan dengan perangkap warna hijau, biru, putih dan merah muda.  Rataan populasi Thrips sp. berfluktuasi pada pengamatan pertama sampai ketujuh.  Populasi tertinggi dijumpai pada perangkap berwarna kuning yakni pada pengamatan kedua (134,67 ekor) dan pengamatan kelima (118,33 ekor).Kata kunci :  Thrips sp., Thysanoptera, Thripidae, perangkap berwarna
HAMA-HAMA PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) DI KELURAHAN MAKALONSOW KECAMATAN TONDANO TIMUR KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Manueke J. , Assa B. H. , Pelealu E. A.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to know  the pest species in wetland rice crops at Makalonsow Village of East Tondano Distric in Minahasa Regency. The study used a descriptive obsevational method that is observing directly the pests found in rice paddy fields by means of sweeping with insect net and observing directly on paddy fields plaot and paddy fields clumps. The identified pests were identified and made in accordance with the results of identification for each species of pest.  The results showed that 11 species of pests and 4 spesies of natural enemies found in paddy fields of wetland rice at Makalonsow Village of East Tondano District in Minahasa Regency.  The pests are White Rice Stem Borer (Tryporyza innotata), Rice Cherry Stem Borer (Chilo suppressalis), Purple Rice Stem Borer (Sesamia inferens), White Pest (Nymphula depunctalis), Brown Planthopper (Nephotettix virescens), Green Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), Paddy Stink Bug (Leptocorisa acuta), Black Lady Bug (Pareaucosmetus sp.), Rice Weevil   (Sitophilus oryzae), Golden Snail (Pomacea caniculata), Hous and Tre Sparow (Passer spp.), and Rice-field Rat (Ratus argentiventer.). Natural enemies are Worship Grasshopper (Mantis sp.), Dragonflies (Sympetrum flaveolum), Coccinelid Beetle (Coccinella septempunctata), and Spider Hunters (Pardosa sp.).Keywords : plant pest, wetland rice crops,  natural enemies of pest ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui jenis-jenis hama pada tanaman padi sawah di Kelurahan Makalonsow Kecamatan Tondano Timur Kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian menggunakan metode obsevasional deskriptif yaitu mengamati langsung hama yang ditemukan pada areal tanaman padi sawah dengan cara penyapuan dengan net serangga dan mengamati langsung pada petakan sawah dan rumpun tanaman padi sawah. Hama-hama yang ditemukan diidentifikasi dan dibuat deskripsi sesuai dengan hasil identifikasi untuk setiap jenis hama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 11 jenis hama dan 4 jenis musuh alami padahabitat tanaman padi sawah di Kelurahan Makalonsow Kecamatan Tondano Timur Kabupaten Minahasa. Hama-hama tersebut yaitu Penggerek batang padi putih (Tryporyza innotata), Penggerek Batang Padi Bergaris (Chilo suppressalis), Penggerek Batang Padi Ungu (Sesamia inferens), Hama Putih (Nymphula depunctalis), Wereng Coklat (Nephotettix virescens), Wereng Hijau (Nilaparvata lugens), Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa acuta), Kepik Hitam (Pareaucosmetus sp.), Bubuk Beras (Sitophilus oryzae), Keong Emas (Pomacea caniculata), Hama Burung Padi Sawah (Passer spp.), dan Hama Tikus Sawah (Ratus argentiventer).  Musuh alami yaitu  Belalang Sembah (Mantis sp.), Capung (Sympetrum flaveolum), Kumbang Coccinelid (Coccinella septempunctata), dan Laba-Laba Pemburu (Pardosa sp.).Kata kunci : hama tanaman, tanaman padi sawah, musuh alamiah hama
PEMUPUKAN NPK MAJEMUK PADA BIBIT JABON MERAH (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil)
Authors: Luhulima F. S. , Lasut M. T. , Kainde R. P. , Thomas A.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Various doses of NPK fertilization  could increase plant growth. This research studied  the effect of NPK compound fertilizer with some kind of dose on the growth of seedlings of red jabon. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Silviculture Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sam  Rarulangi which lasted from May until June 2012, The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of compound NPK fertilizers on the growth of seedlings of red jabon. The research used experimental design of Randomized Block Design (RBD), Each treatment was replicated 5 times and each replication consisted of 5 red jabon seedlings. The treatments being given were: (1) without fertilizer (control), (2) 1 g of NPK/ plant, (3) 2 g of NPK/plant, (4)  3 g of NPK/plant and (5) 4 g of NPK/plant.  The results of this research showed that compound fertilizer NPK influence to high growth, diameter,  number of leaves, root volume and dry weight of seedlings red jabon canopy. NPK fertilizer with a dose of 3 g/plant  (D) can increase height growth,  diameter and number of leaves. While the parameters of the root volume and dry weight of the canopy, NPK treatment media with 4 g/plant (E) gives better results.Keywords : NPK fertilization, growth seedling, red jabon ABSTRAK Pemupukan NPK dengan berbagai dosis dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Dalam penelitian ini dipelajari pengaruh pemupukan majemuk NPK dengan beberapa macam dosis terhadap pertumbuhan bibit jabon merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Silvikultur Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sam Rarulangi yang berlangsung mulai Mei s/d Juni 2012. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemupukan majemuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan bibit jabon merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali dan setiap ulangan terdiri atas 6 bibit jabon. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah : (1) tanpa pupuk (kontrol), (2) pupuk NPK 1 gram/tanaman, (3) pupuk NPK 2 gram/tanaman, (4) pupuk NPK 3 gram/tanaman dan (5) pupuk NPK 4 gram/tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dosis pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi, diameter, jumlah daun, volume akar dan berat kering tajuk bibit jabon merah. Pemupukan NPK dengan dosis 3 gram/tanaman (D)  dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi, diameter dan jumlah daun. Sedangkan pada parameter volume akar dan berat kering tajuk, media dengan perlakuan NPK 4 gram/tanaman (E) memberikan hasil yang lebih baik.Kata kunci :  pemupukan NPK, pertumbuhan bibit, jabon merah
RESPON TANAMAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK DI KELURAHAN RURUKAN KECAMATAN TOMOHON TIMUR
Authors: Ngantung Jeanete A.B. , Rondonuwu Jenny J. , Kawulusan Rafli I.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of which combination of fertilizer doses is best for the growth of Mustard Plant (Brassica juncea L.). And the research was conducted in Kelurahan Rurukan Tomohon Timur Subdistrict Tomohon City. Soil analysis was conducted in Soil Chemistry and Soil Fertility Department of Soil Agricultural Faculty of Sam Ratulangi University of Manado.This study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 7 treatment combinations and repeated as many as 4 (four) times to obtain 28 pot experiments. Each pot of the experiment contains 5 kg of soil.The results showed that soil mixture with various combinations of fertilizers had a significant effect on the height of the green mustard plant, the number of leaves of green mustard greens, and the fresh weight of the green mustard plant.The best combination of soil mixture with Urea, Sp36, and Compost fertilizer is 0.5 gram / pot Urea, 0.375 gram / pot Sp36, and 50 gram / pot compost.Keywords: urea fertilizer, Sp36 fertilizer, compost fertilizer
PENGARUH RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU TERHADAP IKLIM MIKRO DAN KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA 3 LOKASI DI KOTA MANADO
Authors: Mala Yordan P. , Kalangi J. I. , Saroinsong F. B.
Published: July 2019

Microclimate is an important requirement for urban communities in creating outdoor thermal comfort. Micro climate as a benchmark in determining thermal comfort consists of 4 (four) elements which are, air temperature, air humidity, wind speed and solar radiation. Green open space area is one way to create comfortable micro climate for the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze microclimate and thermal comfort in 3 (three) green open spaces. The researcher used a purposive sampling method and chose the area with the same characteristics, namely UNSRAT Field, Tikala Field, and KONI Field. The results obtained were that the UNSRAT Field had the highest thermal comfort level with a percentage reaching 90% at 10:00 a.m. and 80% at 1:00 p.m. In addition, the micro climates in the three locations have differences, differences occur due to canopy area, tree species, plants, pavement type and building area around green open space.Keywords : microclimate, climate, open space, green open space
MODELING TUTUPAN LAHAN di DAS TIKALA BERDASARKAN KAPASITAS SALURAN SUNGAI TIKALA
Authors: Telah Heinsy A.J. , Rombang J. A. , Walangitan H. D.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Tikala river is the main channel of Tikala watershed. Tikala watershed covers an area of 9215,89 km² and the length of the main river is 23,73 km. The decline in Tikala watershed quality is marked by high fluctuations of river debit, the increase of erosion and sedimentation rates, and destructive flood. Comparing to floods caused by other rivers in Manado city, flood caused by Tikala river on the 15th January 2014 was the worst case. For this reason, research was conducted to analyze the capacity of river channels in three sampling spots, chosen through purposive sampling methods, and to model types of landuse suitable to the capacity of river channels. Results of river channel capacity analysis at 3 sampling spots using Manning's equation were 45,29 m3/s, 131,58 m3/s, and 36,39 m3/s. Five models of landuse were carried out for Tikala Watershed and the most suitable landuse model is the 4th type in which open area, dry agriculture, and 4.099 ha of dry agriculture mixed with shrubs were converted into an agroforestry system.Keywords: watershed, river capacity, modeling
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN VEGETASI DALAM MEREDAM KEBISINGAN
Authors: Putra Imam Syah , Rombang J. A. , Nurmawan W.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Noise is one of the environmental problems that is often overlooked. To solve an environmental problems like this, vegetation is considered as the most effective and efficient noise damper. This research was conducted in Warembungan Village, Pineleng District, Minahasa Regency from May to July 2018, using the 3 factor factorial field experiment method in a Randomized Block Design, 3 main factors are vegetation canopy cover level, rotation per minute (RPM) rate of sound source, and distance level. The vegetation canopy cover level was determined purposively.The aim of this research to determine the capacity of various level of vegetation canopy coverage to reduce noise at various levels of noise. The role of vegetation in reducing noise depends on the coverage of vegetation canopy. At low level coverage of vegetation canopy, noise decreases about 1.25 dBA or 1.69% lower than the noise recorded without vegetation coverage. at the middle level coverage and high level coverage of vegetation canopy, the noises decrease about  2.46 dBA (or 3.32% lower) and 5.72 dBA (or 7.82% lower) respectively. Keywords: sound, noise, vegetation, canopy cover
INVENTARISASI ANGGREK HUTAN DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM BATUPUTIH, KOTA BITUNG, SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Yubu Amansyo , Pollo H. N. , Lasut M. T.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Orchid is the largest family that occupies 7-10% of flowering plants and has around 20,000 to 35,000 species. In Sulawesi, according to experts there are around 5000 species of plants that are not known with certainty about their spread and abundance. It has been estimated that approximately 253 endemic orchid species, around 80% of the total number of orchids. In the life stage, tropical orchid plants are epiphytic, with the root system attached to the tree, but does not harm the host tree. There are also those that grow geofitis, with other terms terresterial means to grow on the ground with roots in the soil. There are also those that are saprophytic, grow on the media of dried leaves and weathered wood that has rot into humus. To inventory forest species in Batuputih Nature Park, Bitung City, North Sulawesi. The study was conducted in January - February 2018. Data collection was carried out by exploratory methods. The types of orchids that were found during exploration in TWA Batuputih, which are sorted by the type most found on the three transects: namely Dendrodium sp with a total of 12 points at a height of 40-200 masl, Phaleonopsis amabilis with a height of 52 - 102 masl as many as 3 points while, Dendrodium indivisum with a number of 1 point, which is at an altitude of 136 masl, Nervilia aragoana as many as 10 points with an altitude of 10-84 masl, and Nervilia plicata found only 1 point, at an altitude of 52 masl. Of the five types consisted of 3 genera, namely Dendrodium, Phaleonopsis, and Nervilia, and 2 types of (habitats) terrestrial and epiphytes.Keywords: orchid, type and habitat of forest orchids
Pengaruh Celebrity Endorser Dan Brand Image Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Shampoo Clear
Authors: Kalangi Natalia Junni , Tamengkel Lucky F. , Walangitan Olivia F. C.
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of celebrity endorsement on purchasing decisions for Clear brand shampoo, (2) the effect of brand image on purchasing decisions up to Clear brand, and (3) the influence of celebrity endorse and brand image on Clear shampoo shampoo purchase decisions.This study uses a quantitative approach bycollecting data through survey methods. This study also uses a purposive sampling technique based on certain characteristics. The sample in this study were 100 people of the Wenang sub-district of Manado city. Data collection techniques using questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used to answer the hypothesis is multiple regression.The results of this study indicate that: (1) Celebrity endorse has a positive effect on purchasing decisions, evidenced by the value of t count of 2.186 with a significance value of 0.031, smaller than 0.05 and the regression coefficient has a positive value of 0.340; (2) Brand image has a positive effect onpurchasing decisions, evidenced from the value of t count of 4.346 with a significance value of 0,000, smaller than 0.05 and the regression coefficient has a positive value of 0.749, and (3) Celebrity endorsers and brand images have a positive effect against purchasing decisions, as evidenced by the results of F count of 29,446 with a significance of 0,000. The adjusted R square value of 0.378 indicates that the ability of the independent variable in explaining the variation of the dependent variable is 37.80%, and the remaining 62.20% is explained by other variables outside the research model.