bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
John Rols and justice
Authors: Đurđić Sanja
Published: November 2020

Prekretnicu i novum u američkoj političkoj filozofiji predstavljalo je kapitalno delo Džona Rolsa "Teorija pravde", objavljeno 1971. godine. Svojom raspravom o pravdi Rols je "probudio" američku političku filozofiju iz dugogodišnje "usnulosti". Njemu pripada zasluga što je opovrgnuo uverenje da je politička filozofija mrtva, kao i za obnovu američke političke filozofije sedamdesetih godina XX veka. Teorija pravde Džona Rolsa predstavlja centralno delo savremene političke filozofije. Svojim delom Rols je oživeo refleksiju intelektualaca za probleme pravde. Usled toga, može se reći da je zaslužan za renesansu ideje pravde u savremenoj političkoj filozofiji. O značaju i uticaju Rolsove rasprave o pravdi na tendencije u savremenoj političkoj filozofiji "na najbolji način govore izjave dvojice predstavnika američke političke filozofije Brajana Berija i Roberta Nozika. Prema Beriju Svet u kome živimo je post-rolsovski, dok je "Teorija pravde" prekretnica koja deli prošlost od budućnosti. U gotovo identičnom tonu, značaj Rolsove knjige procenjuje njegov veliki kritičar, kolega i prijatelj Robert Nozik koji smatra da: "Politički filozofi sada moraju da rade unutar okvira Rolsove teorije, ili da objasne zašto to neće da rade". Značaj Rolsove Teorije pravde otkriva i činjenica da je njeno objavljivanje iniciralo komunitarno-liberalni spor u savremenoj političkoj filozofiji. Najbolja dela komunitarista nastala su, upravo, kao posledica njihovog spora sa Rolsom odnosno, kao reakcija na njegovu "Teoriju pravde".
The system of penalties against property in the criminal law of Serbia and Montenegro
Authors: Jovašević Dragan
Published: November 2020

Different criminal legal systems set forth different methods and measures in prevention and abolition of crime in general, and particularly crime against property, which prevails in the structure of contemporary crime. Criminal penalties are among them based on the-k Battue, character, effect and significance. Considering specific character of criminal acts against property and their offenders, the law provides for the specific types of penalties: penalties - fine and confiscation of property and security measure-confiscation of item, which have both repressive and extremely preventive character. This paper examines the concept, features and characteristics of these criminal law measures both in our and in foreign criminal legal systems.
Reform of Serbian family law
Authors: Cvejić-Jančić Olga
Published: November 2020

This paper examines solutions introduced by the new Serbian Family Act. It underlines the fact that the law significantly took in consideration European and international conventions and opinions of the European Court of Human Rights in family law matters. The Court practice will decide whether the equal treatment of the common law marriage and marriage in respect of requirements for their recognition is the best solution at this particular moment. The problem may be solved by equal treatment of the "illegal" common law marriage with invalid marriage. Important novelties have been introduced in the field of adoption, namely the partial adoption has been abolished, the age limit for the full adoption has been abolished; full adoption has become possible under certain circumstances even in case when the child has both parents. The provisions on inter-state adoption have not been well drafted since there is no enough protection for the adopted child in these cases. The new issues, which were not regulated by the Marriage and Family Law 1980 relate to the legal regulation of certain new, merely procedural, rights of the child, namely right of the child to express his/her opinion in all the proceedings that relate to his/her rights, right to file a claim for protection of these rights, possibility of emancipation of minor who became a parent based on the decision of the court, possibility of joint custody protection against family violence, introduction of mediation in the marriage matters and right of habitation under certain circumstances. Other novelties introduced by the law are incorporated in appropriate parts of law, either by amending or by supplementing the law, or by introducing the terminological innovation of certain solutions that existed in the previous law.
Legal and political aspects of avoiding the conflict of interests
Authors: Beljanski Slobodan
Published: November 2020

In the paper author analyzes normative, political and social suppositions for the prevention of conflict of interests. The reason is the first Serbian Law for the Prevention of Conflict of Interest passed on April 20th 2004. and the practice of the Republic Committee for Deciding on the Conflict of Interests which acts from 18. January 2005. Author considers that in the same way the conflict between public and private interests is relevant as well as the conflict inside public interest, where the cumulation of functions can endangered the public well-being, founded on the goal that every public function must be performed professionally, conscientiously and responsibly. In that regard permissible exceptions destroy the moral base of reserved prohibitions and discredited the pure idea of prevention of conflicts. Similar effect is created by declarative character of sanctions which can be given to officials, ambivalent relation to the access to information about the property of officials and insufficient resolution that the privacy of officials must be treated very restrictively.
Mandatory lawyers liability insurance in German law
Authors: Vučković Vuk
Published: November 2020

 Osiguranje od odgovornosti iz advokatske delatnosti veoma je široko rasprostranjeno i u ostalim evropskim zemljama. Tako je ono obavezno u Velikoj Britaniji, Holandiji, Švajcarskoj, dok se u ostalim zemljama u praksi često zaključuje i preporučuje advokatima. Primetna je i tendencija zakonske regulacije ove vrste osiguranja kao obaveznog osiguranja, kao što je to trenutno slučaj u Luksemburgu. U Americi ovo osiguranje sa izuzetkom države Oregon nije obavezno, ali ga većina advokata redovno zaključuje. U svakom slučaju, odlike ove vrste osiguranja su prvenstveno zaštita klijenata, koji u slučaju pretrpljene štete nastale greškom svog advokata, pored advokata imaju mogućnost naplate naknade štete od izvesno solventnog dužnika (osiguravača). Takođe, advokat je zaštićeniji u obavljanju svoje delatnosti, koja svakodnevno uz povećanu zakonodavnu aktivnost kako nacionalnog zakonodavca tako i propisa Evropske unije, postaje sve kompleksnija i zahtevnija. Advokat je dakle, u slučaju prouzrokovanja imovinske štete svom klijentu u povoljnijoj situaciji, nego što bi to bio bez zaključenog osiguranja od odgovornosti. Kako se u pravnim sistemima zemalja sa područja bivše SFRJ broj pravnih akata svakog dana rapidno povećava, delatnost advokata biva sve komplikovanija te su i advokati izloženiji mogućim greškama. U tom smislu bi od strane nacionalnih zakonodavstava trebala biti prihvaćena tendencija iz pravnih sistema evropskih zemalja i osiguranje odgovornosti iz advokatske delatnosti uvršteno u sistem obaveznog osiguranja. Dakako, regulacija minimalnih osiguranih suma na koje bi se osiguranje moralo zaključiti, morala bi biti prilagođena ekonomskim prilikama svake pojedinačne zemlje, uz mogućnost promene minimalnih suma od strane nadležnog ministarstva ili advokatske komore shodno rešenju iz nemačkog prava. Konačno, ugovaranje učešća u šteti od strane advokata se pokazalo u praksi kao veoma uspešno sredstvo radi očuvanja pažnje i odgovornosti sa kojom advokat obavlja delatnost, te se i ono preporučuje.
System of penalties in the new Law on Minor Offences
Authors: Jovašević Dragan
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes a system of penalties for minor offences according to the new Law on Minor Offences of the Republic of Serbia, which enters into force on January 1, 2007. After introduction, where the author elaborates on definition, characteristics and types of penalties that may be imposed to the offenders by the minor offences court (to natural persons and legal entities their representatives and to entrepreneurs) the author analyzes characteristics and conditions that have to be met in order to impose the penalties, warnings, protective measures and correctional measures, and he pays special attention to the newly introduced penalties (work for the common benefit and penalty points), protective measures and correctional measures and rules for their assessment. Finally, and logically for this kind of paper, the author analyzes the basis for extinguishing the penalties for minor offences.
Kritika 'novog' Zakonika o krivičnom postupku
Authors: Grubač Momčilo
Published: November 2020

Članak je posvećen novom Zakoniku o krivičnom postupku sa ciljem da pre početka njegove primene (1. jun 2007) skrene pažnju na jedan broj pogrešnih neprihvatljivih, pa čak i protivustavnih rešenja koja, prema mišljenju autora, taj Zakonik sadrži. Pored opšte ocene Zakonika, posebno su prikazane i kritički ocenjene odredbe o novom uređenju prethodnog krivičnog postupka (istraga i prethodna istraga), o procesnoj zaštiti svedoka i oštećenih sporazumevanju javnog tužioca sa okrivljenim o preuzimanju krivice posredovanju radi poravnanja oštećenog sa okrivljenim, ubrzanom postupku i posebnim dokaznim radnjama.
Constitutional-judical protection
Authors: Fatić Branislav
Published: November 2020

Osnovni problem sa upravnim stvarima, upravom i upravnim sporom jeste u tome što organ! uprave i vlade izbegavaju da rade po zakonu i izbegavaju da predlažu i sprovode pravna sredstva (pravo na žalbu i dr) protiv svojih pojedinačnih akata koje donose, ne priznajući im karakter upravnih akata, a koji se odnose na raspolaganje velikim finansijskim sredstvima i imovinom stečenom iz budžetskih sredstava. Uprava i vlade negativno u tom pogledu uticali su na zakonodavca prilikom podnošenja i usvajanja zakonodavnih akata kao i na sudove koji su trebali da kontrolišu zakonitost tih pojedinačnih akata vlada i organa uprave. Ovakvo ponašanje je u direktnoj suprotnosti sa odredbama Ustava i standardima i pravom Evropske unije. Ovo se događa i nakon što je zemlja postala članica Saveta Evrope. Ne može se govoriti o sudskoj kontroli izvršne vlasti ako pojedinačni akti izvršne vlasti ne podležu efikasnom i proporcionalnom nadzoru nezavisnih organa u upravno-sudskoj kontroli zakonitosti tih akata. Pravo na dvostepenost odlučivanja je utvrđeno ustavima i Zakonom o opštem upravnom postupku, a posebnim zakonima to se pravo izbegava ustanoviti i ne predviđa se upravno-sudska zaštita, naročito kad se radi o najvažnijim pojedinačnim aktima koje donose vlade i organi uprave. Takvo postupanje ima teške posledice, jer je mala pravna sredina. Pioniri su pokušavali da uvedu ovde vladavinu prava ali nisu uspevali, jer to nije bilo moguće ostvariti u jednoj provincijalnoj sredini. Na svakom koraku se narušavaju pravni principi. Zato napori za ulazak u Evropsku uniju neće moći da daju rezultate dok se ne promeni odnos prema pravu.
Guilt in the New Criminal Law
Authors: Jovašević Dragan
Published: November 2020

The concept of criminal offence has been defined in a different manner by the new Criminal Law of the Republic of Serbia. This fact has caused changes in the number of institutes in the general part of the criminal law, and especially in relation to guilt. The guilt is now considered as two-sided: 1) as a subjective element to the concept of criminal offense without which there is no criminal offence at all and 2) as the basis for the penalty and other criminal punishments. Psychological-normative definition of guilt is now predominant when defining the guilt and this leads to changes in the status and importance of criminal irresponsibility and legal error of the offender, which are now the legal basis to exclude the guilt, i.e. subjective basis for the exclusion of the criminal offence. This paper deals with the concept and characteristics of guilt, as one of the most significant concepts of the criminal law in general.
Illegal evidence in the criminal procedure: Statement of the accused and technical records of facts
Authors: Stojković Vesna
Published: November 2020

The most important action of the criminal court is presentation of evidence and it may be undertaken during the whole criminal procedure. This was the main reason why this court action was placed in the part of the new Criminal Procedural Law of Montenegro related to general issues, instead of placing it in the part with investigation like in earlier solutions. The reasons for those changes as well as for repeal of some previous solutions/articles of the Criminal Procedural Law, in accordance with which some illegally presented evidences could have been used in the criminal procedure even for rendering the final court decision, were based on the fact that it was necessary to implement some solutions from modern criminal procedural law of the European countries as well as to implement relevant solutions from European Declaration on Human Rights, in order to improve human rights and to reach European human right standards. Therefore, all illegal evidence cannot be used anymore in rendering court decisions, have to be excluded from the case file and to be used never again under any circumstances. This paper pays special attention to the statement of the accused and technical records (audio-video) of criminal facts, which are the two most important sources of illegal evidence.
Election system and right of national minorities to representation
Authors: Pajvančić Marijana
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes, based on the comparative sources, factors of the election system that affect the possibility of representation of national minorities in the Parliament, either by supporting representation of national minorities or by diminishing the possibility or representation in the Parliament. I paid special attention to the following factors of the election system: rales of election mathematics, rules of election geometry, nomination of candidates, voting techniques, election threshold and measures of affirmative action. This paper makes reference to the possibility of mutual action of several factors as well as their reciprocal influence that may have synergetic effect. Finally, this paper points out that there are factors that are active out of the election system, especially the number of the members of national minority as well as the area (territory) where they live (concentration or dispersion).
Functioning of the election system quotas
Authors: Mršević Zorica
Published: November 2020

The paper analyzes the examples of functioning of election system quotas in the countries of the region, namely, Hungary and Macedonia. Both the Hungarian and Macedonian example of quotas within the political party proves that this type of quota has not produced expected changes, but that the statutory mandatory quotas in the form of single-sided quotas are also scarce measures. The study of those two regional examples clearly proves that only statutory "double" quotas are necessary if we really want to efficiently and relatively rapidly change the representative bodies that consist exclusively of one gender. Therefore it is hard to expect from quotas within the political party to increase the number of women in the form of political "disease" and Macedonian and Hungarian examples prove that. The paper also analyzes the fact that voluntarism in application and a lack of compulsory application are always unfavorable for the functioning of quota system, in sense of its further institutionalization and stabilization. This repudiates quota and makes them inefficient. The quotas fail to function especially because of the legally insufficiently articulated quota system, which means that there is either no compulsory application or there is a lack of application in the national framework, or the place on candidate lists is not determined next to the percent. The Hungarian and Macedonian examples clearly illustrate those shortfalls in the functioning of the quota system since in those two countries its establishment remained incomplete and unfinished while the number of women in their representative bodies is one of the lowest in Europe. The example of quota system that exists in Serbia is for that reason even more important in the regional sense and its proper recognition and application are becoming the regional example of functioning of the quota system.
Error in criminal proceedings caused by mental disorder
Authors: Drakić Dragiša
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes the issues of criminal error caused by mental disorder since the theory of criminal law does not pay enough attention to this issue. In the first part of the paper the author analyzes the relationship between "inability of reasoning" in the light of the provisions on irresponsibility and lack of "consciousness that the act is prohibited" in the light of the provisions on unrecoverable legal error. Later he underlines the difference between unrecoverable legal and real error. Further the author defines the relationship between the above mentioned inability of reasoning and lack of "consciousness about real circumstances" in the light of the provisions on unrecoverable real error. Later the author considers even more complex issues. In other words, he takes into consideration different situations, in which a mental disorder also brings the offender into the criminal error however, in contrary to the previously mentioned it does not exclude his responsibility for the committed crime. At the end, the author is trying to solve the problem, in which the mental disorder, which had (significantly) reduced offender's responsibility, did not lead in any way to the situation in which the offender was in (un)recoverable legal or real error in relation to the committed criminal act.
Rehabilitation and legal consequences in the criminal law
Authors: Jovašević Dragan
Published: November 2020

Following release from the institution where he/she has served the sentence convict returns to the society as a useful member of the community. Legal consequences of conviction and a status of convict are making this return difficult for him/her. In order to eliminate these negative consequences of conviction, all the criminal codes, including the recently adopted Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia, are establishing a special concept of rehabilitation that consists in deletion of conviction and legal consequences of conviction and creation of the fiction that person has not been convicted. This paper deals with the concept, characteristics and role of these institutes, which are regulated in a different way in the new Criminal Code.
Expert opinion on reduction of viability
Authors: Prokeš Bela
Published: November 2020

Providing expert opinion on non-material damage is a delicate task due to the great diversities in the way the health may be damaged and due to the long lasting consequences of injuries and illnesses and their influence on people's daily routines, for the assessment of both subjective manifestation of pain, fear, diminution of life's dynamics and damage caused to people's appearance and for the assessment of suffer felt by persons due to the change of their appearance. Different kind of difficulties in giving expert opinion on reduction of viability are in practice generally caused by the lack of knowledge and recognition of basic principles in organizing and managing expert opinion, both by the civil court and by the experts-physicians. They are also caused by the practical problems related to this kind of expert work. As far as the recognition of principles related to providing expert opinion on this type of non-material damage, civil court will try to clearly define the task of the medical expert. During the whole procedure the expert-physician will respect general principles which include appropriate and generally accepted methodology of drafting a finding based on which the expert will impartially, to his best knowledge and experience, issue an opinion. Expert opinion on reduction of damaged person's viability shall include assessment of all the limitations of activities he had or would most probably have in the future. Reduction of viability exists when there is inability or reduced ability of body's functioning or functioning of its part so that the damaged person is not able, or is able but only by putting more effort, to conduct basic activities and functions in life. Method of providing expert opinion that is described here is a synthesis of experience of some authors with the experience acquired during many years of practice in providing expert opinion on remaining viability - in the procedure that results in constant modification and adjustment of the method. Method includes also an attempt to numerically asses certain activities that are included and that are assessed in the expert opinion on remaining viability.
Use of software for simulation of traffic accidents for the purpose of providing expert opinion
Authors: Bodolo Ištvan
Published: November 2020

U radu je izvršen kratak prikaz višegodišnjih iskustava u upotrebi savremenih tehnika u veštačenjima saobraćajnih nezgoda. Akcenat je stavljen na karakteristike rada uz pomoć savremenih tehnika u odnosu na tradicionalni način rada. Poseban osvrt je dat na pogreške koje su nastale u toku izrade nalaza koje se mogu generisati na oba načina rada. U delu prezentacije je prikazan niz primera nastanka pogrešaka iz novih i super veštačenja.
Modality of judgments on justice
Authors: Kubinjec Janko
Published: November 2020

Definition of the concept of justice comes from apodictic judgments, while definition of its individual validity comes from assertoric judgments. Argumentation as an element of justice in a logical sense is an assertoric judgment. Its definition brings light to the search for the logical nature of assertoric judgment - it is a contribution the philosophy of law may offer to the logic. In the argumentation assertoric judgment does not transform to problematic judgment and for this reason the justice can never be arbitrary.
Exercising the right to a trial in a reasonable time in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Omeragić-Pantić Maja , Vujičić Biljana , Tubić Bojan , Etinski Rodoljub
Published: November 2020

Constitution and procedural laws explicitly guarantee right to a trial in a reasonable time. The procedural laws have been changed and some new solutions, which have to enable a trial in a reasonable time, were adopted. The Decision on establishing of national strategy of judicature reform was adopted, in order to make the judicature more efficient. However, the inquiries show that there are still some significant disadvantages which affect the right to a trial in a reasonable time. Despite the new legislative solutions, adopted in order to accelerate the trials, some of these solutions are not completely sufficient or their implementation in practice is not entirely adequate. The Decision on establishing of national strategy of judicature reform sets up the right analysis of the current status, as well as "therapy for the healing" of judicature. However, it seems that current measures are not in accordance with this therapy. Technical modernization of the courts is very slow and personal capacities, on the level of the associates, is declining instead of getting stronger. The biggest disadvantage of the present legal system, regarding the right to a trial in a reasonable time is the absence of the efficient legal remedies with which the party could accelerate the judicial procedure, respectively with which it could give damages caused by the breach of this right. This paper shows how strict are the criteria of the European court of human rights in Strasbourg related to it and that the existing legal remedies in our legal system are not sufficient to meet these demands. The confirmation of this conclusion came from Strasbourg, when this paper was already written, in the judgment V.A.M. v. Serbia of March 13, 2007.
Study of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in criminal law matters
Authors: Grubač Momčilo
Published: November 2020

This study includes certain number of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights that relate to the criminal procedural matters, primarily those constituting the right to a fair trial provided in Article 6 of the Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. These decisions were analyzed and interpreted in order to establish the practice of the Court in these procedural matters and to enable us to evaluate whether domestic criminal procedural law and its application are in line with this practice. The author dealt with the issues of prohibition to institute legal action twice for the same cause of action (ne bis in idem), immunities and privileges, right to court access, exclusion of inadmissible evidence from the criminal case files, right to the impartial court and right of defense to call and interrogate witnesses.
Local development planning systems: Effects and trends
Authors: Vukonjanski Igor
Published: November 2020

Given the large economic and political importance of local social communities (ie local self-governments - municipalities and cities), each country has always taken particular care with their work and development. Local development, with its most delicate and leading role in planning, has a prominent place in this. However, the acceleration of the democratization of society in recent decades, caused by the progressive spread of science and technology with the accompanying increase in the education of the largest number of people, has not been seriously addressed, and therefore the current development of local development planning theory is overwhelmingly unsatisfactory. This is especially true of the lack of orderliness of the area of local development planning, as a basic factor in this, which hinders local development throughout the current world planning. It is for these reasons that the study of local planning systems in the world has been chosen as the subject of this paper, with the aim of contributing to the enrichment of that theory and raising the level of efficiency of that type of planning.
Policy of balanced regional development of the Republic of Serbia from 2000 to 2018
Authors: Petrović Rajko
Published: November 2020

Balanced regional development is one of the cornerstones of sustainable economic growth and development of any country. During the years that followed the democratic changes in 2000, the Republic of Serbia found itself in sinister transitional processes. One of the key transitional issues was the policy of balanced regional development. Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine the mechanisms and instruments of balanced regional development in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2000 to 2018 as well as the effects of their implementation in practice. The results of the research indicate the presence of unbalanced regional development throughout the observed period. Although in a normative sense a framework for the implementation of comprehensive and developmental reforms in this area has been set, the results are missing in practice. The reasons for this are hidden in a weakly decentralized state, partial reform steps taken exclusively from above to bottom, inefficient coordination of the subjects of regional development, but also in the unfavorable historical heritage in this area. In conclusion, we emphasize that the process of the accession of the Republic of Serbia to the European Union represents a great opportunity to balance its regional development, considering that the European Union is paying more and more attention to regional development through its institutions and mechanisms of regional policy. In the research, we will use methods of analysis and analysis of content of documents, case studies and comparative method.
Specifics of leadership in tourism with the aim of successful business processes
Authors: Ilić Biljana , Stefanović Vidoje , Žikić Srđan
Published: November 2020

Tourism in the new century is becoming a major economic force. Because of the specific nature of the business that includes travelling and staying outside the place of residence, i.e. specific services organized tourist industry significantly participate in the increasing of the total economy income and contribute to the development of the economy. Good organization includes the application of acquired knowledge, theoretical and empirical i.e. practical knowledge. Knowledge in modern business becomes the primary development resource; however the same can be applied only by motivated human resources. Employees need the organizational ability of transformational leadership. Transformational leaders are always ready to accept and to adapt to changes. The basis on the fact that the tourist industry is increasingly affecting the economic development process, modern tourism needs the application of adequate leadership and management. The paper takes a point on the leaders of the specific forms in tourism.
A comparison of disease burden and symptoms with age among CoVid-19 patients from data in a Florida clinic
Authors:   University of Central Florida College of Medicine Ringgold standard institution, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd Orlando, Orlando, Florida 32827 - 740, United States, Collins Andrew
Published: November 2020

Our knowledge of the disease burden and symptoms with age in COVID-19 patients is limited. Therefore, it is of interest to document the clinical aspect of this association with respect to the disease. We used the data of 3363 patients enrolled with an urgent care clinic in Volusia county, Florida for this study. Data shows difference in age among COVID-19 antibody (Ab) - positive patients (48.3 years, 95% CI = 46.9, 49.7 years) and Ab-negative patients (46.1 years, 95% CI = 45.4, 46.8 years). However, disease burden by age is not significant on average. Nonetheless, COVID-19 positive patients between 40-69-years of age experienced the highest burden of disease and highest average number of symptoms. Thus, COVID-19 disease burden and number of symptoms experienced were highest among the 40-69-year-old patients. Those above the populations mean age of 46.4 years old were more likely to test positive for COVID-19.
Molecular docking analysis of compounds from Andrographis paniculata with EGFR
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu-600077, India, Roy Anitha
Published: November 2020

EGFR is linked with oral cancer. Therefore, it is of interest document the molecular docking analysis of compounds from Andrographis paniculata with EGFR. We report the binding features of five compounds 14- acetylandrographolide, andrograpanin, andrographolide, isoandrographolide and neoandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata with EGFR for further consideration.
Designing a human resource scorecard: An empirical stakeholder-based study with a company culture perspective
Authors:   Ph.D., University of Tehran, Kish International Campus, 7644430055, Kish Island, Iran, Boudlaie Hasan , Amoozad Mahdiraji Hannan , Shamsi Sabihe ,   University of Tehran, Kish International Campus, 7644430055, Kish Island, Iran, Jafari-Sadeghi Vahid ,   Ph.D., School of Strategy and Leadership, Coventry University, CV1 5DL, Coventry, United Kingdom, Garcia-Pereze Alexeis ,   Ph.D., Research Centre for Business in Society, Faculty of Business and Law, Coventry University, CV1 5DL, Coventry, United Kingdom
Published: November 2020

Human resource management (HRM) in public organizations managed based on a balanced scorecard requires a different narrative on the map of strategic goals than in private organizations. However, this issue is not widely recognized and discussed. This study aims to identify strategic goals and outline an HRM strategy with a stakeholder approach from a corporate culture perspective based on a balanced scorecard by examining and highlighting areas that should be included in the revised narrative. This exploration was carried out through qualitative research, particularly a thematic analysis based on data from the Kish Free Zone Organization. Therefore, using the themes obtained, a human resources strategy map was presented based on a balanced scorecard. The six-step Clarke-Braun process and the three-step Attride-Stirling thematic classification method were combined into a thematic network, and a seven-step research process was created. Data was collected through interviews with stakeholders in the Human Resources (HR) unit. These stakeholders are (1) HR employees (2) employees of other entities (3) senior and middle management (4) family of employees (5) HR department of related companies (6) retirees, and (7) customers of this entity. To identify strategic goals and a human resource strategy map, 187 main topics, 39 organizational topics, and 12 global themes were identified after transcription of the interviews, including (1) the development of family policies (2) promoting the well-being, health, and well-being of employees (3) improving productivity HR department (4) promoting the human dignity of the staff (5) developing an organizational culture based on customer orientation and innovation (6) empowering employees (7) development HR information system (8) strategic recruitment and retention of employees (9) performance management and development employees (10) strategic transformation of HRM based on research and process reform (11) adjusting the allocation and use of the HR budget to the organization's strategy and (12) improving the accounting mechanism for the personnel budget. This study is innovative due to the proposed approach to redesign the strategy map and the balanced scorecard from a human resource management perspective, methodically, due to adopting a combined thematic analysis process and constructing related narratives and stakeholder approaches from a corporate culture perspective.
The Broiling Soup of Retinoblastoma Genetics
Authors: Amritjeet Kaur , Sahil Panjwani
Published: November 2020

Right from the time, two hit hypothesis of retinoblastoma was described to the present advancements in the field of genetics involving retinoblastoma; there has been a plethora of information available. The retinocytoma-retinoblastoma phenotype is attributed to the mutations occuring in RB gene locus; is a well known fact. Recently there has been add on researches on the same. The role of epigenetics and the role of genomic imprinting (selective expression of a gene) is new. This article tries to summarize the overwhelming information available in the field of genetics in retinoblastoma. It tries to clear the basic concepts about the hereditary retinoblastoma and it's various aspects. Also an attempt has been made to make the concept of maternal imprinting more clear in the article.
Retrospective Analysis of Risk factors in Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity (APROP)
Authors: Mitra Srijita , Sarpal Sahil , Chattopadhyay Abhijit , Paul Subhankarsri , Roy Jonaki Ghosh
Published: November 2020

This is a retrospective, observational study to analyse the risk factors contributing in the pathogenesis of Aggressive Posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP). Case record of 30 babies were analysed. All these babies had received supplemental oxygen for 2 days or longer after birth and had several other systemic co-morbidities. The mean gestational age was 30.3+/-3.03 weeks and mean birth weight was 1.27+/-0.283 kgs. Examination revealed 35 eyes (61.4%) had zone II posterior AP-ROP and 22 eyes (38.5%) had zone I APROP.
Impact of Prolonged Digital Screens Exposure On Ocular Surface
Authors: Awasthi Upma
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

To assess effect of prolonged digital screen exposure on ocular surface.

Methodolgys:

In this prospective cohort study, patients were enrolled on the basis of history of prolonged digital exposure (>2hrs/day). Dry eye evaluation was done by Schirmer's with anesthesia, Fluorescein-Tear film Break-up Time (F-BUT) and corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining. Patients were categorized as per our severity based grading based on objective tests.

Results:

Twenty six patients (52 eyes) of mean age 27.76 +/-5.16 years (range 17 to 41 years) were selected for the study. Headache and redness were the most common symptoms (22.22% each). F-BUT was found to be less than 5 seconds in 92.3% of patients. Ocular surface staining was present in 75% of the patients. Schirmer's came to be the most unreliable factor (>10 mm). Majority (71.15%) of the patients were having moderate grade of digital strain, as per our severity grading. Exposure duration was not found to be correlating with objective tests.

Conclusion:

Routine dry eye objective tests are affected in patients with prolonged digital screens exposure. There is no defined minimum duration of exposure that will have adverse effects on ocular surface. New grading system may serve as common guideline for the treatment of digital strain in future.
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Glaucoma in Aligarh, India – A population based study
Authors: Ahmad Anees , Ahmad Syed Zulfequar , Khalique Najam , Ashraf Mohammad , Alvi Yasir
Published: November 2020

Background:

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness. Being irreversible, its early detection and management are utmost important. With increasing life expectancy, the prevalence of glaucoma is expected to rise. We did this study to find the prevalence of glaucoma among middle-aged and elderly population and to find out its associated factors.

Methods:

A community based cross-sectional study among rural and peri-urban area of Aligarh was done for a duration of one year. A trained ophthalmologist interviewed and examined 680 patients with a detailed eye examination. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by Keeler pulsair non-contact tonometer, confirm by applanation tonometry. Anderson criteria were used to diagnose glaucomatous visual field defect.

Results:

In our study population, a total of 31 subjects were diagnosed as glaucoma in either one or both eyes. The overall prevalence of glaucoma was found to be 4.6%. About equal distribution of type of glaucoma, i.e. Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG) and Normotensive Glaucoma (NTG) was observed in our study participants. The prevalence of glaucoma was found to be significantly associated with increasing age, positive family history as well as a history of angle closure.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of glaucoma is higher in the population of Aligarh. Its association with increasing age, positive family history and history of angle-closure may give us clues for early detection. Screening for glaucoma during middle age especially among person with a positive family history or angle-closure would help us early diagnosing and management of this irreversible disease.
Profile of Proptosis in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Chakraborti Chandana , Mukhopadhyay Udayaditya , Majumdar Swati , Chisthi Rosy , Tripathi Partha
Published: November 2020

Purpose-

Proptosis is forward protrusion of eye ball. Due to its varied presentation, a profile of these cases would be helpful for an ophthalmologist to understand the spectrum of etio-pathology and thus take an early measure to save vision and even life of a patient.

Material and Methods-

This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in West Bengal based on records on clinical analysis of patients attending eye OPD, eye emergency and those admitted to the inpatient department of ophthalmology and referred from other departments of this institution during July 2015 to July 2018. Demographic details, clinical presentation, investigation (X-Ray, CTscan, USG-B Scan, MRI, Pathology report) details were obtained. A total of Abstract 142 patients with 167 eyes were included in the study.

Results-

Among them, 85 were male and 57 were female with M:F ratio 1.47:1. Most frequent group (81; 57.4%) belonged to 50 to 65 years of age. 33 patients (23.4%) were below 15 years of age. Unilateral proptosis (82.4%) was more common than bilateral (17.6%) one and non-axial (53.89%) was more common than axial (46%) proptosis. Neoplasia was most common (41.91%) etiology followed by thyroid ophthalmopathy (15.56%), orbital cellulitis (11.37%), pseudo-tumour (8.98%), congenital lesions (5.9%), vascular lesions (5.9%), cystic lesions (5.3%) and trauma (2.39%). One patient presented with bilateral proptosis due to sarcoidosis (1.1%). Diagnosis was not confirmed in 2 eyes (1.1%).

Conclusion-

Unilateral proptosis was more common than bilateral one and neoplasia was the commonest cause of proptosis.
Knowledge and Awareness of Eye Donation Among Students of a Nursing College in Gujarat
Authors: Bhole Pradnya , Chaudhari Bhavina , Jadeja Jagruti , Parmar Dipali , Patel Parita
Published: November 2020

Purpose –

To assess the awareness, knowledge and perception of nursing students regarding eye donation in a tertiary care hospital of Gujarat and to use this information to identify the possible interventions to increase the rates of eye donation.

Methods-

A cross sectional observational study was conducted during the National eye donation fortnight 2018 with 142 first year and 138 second year nursing students to assess their knowledge and awareness regarding eye donation. The mean age of the participants was 20.92 ± 2.18 years. Data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Med-calc software.

Results -

Awareness of eye donation was observed in a majority of 98.21% with the most common source of information being television (39%). Though 75.36% were aware that the ideal time of eye donation was within 6-8 hours of death, 60% had the misconception that it can be executed even before death. Though 87% knew about utilisation of eyes after donation, only 10% had the knowledge of eye donation done among their family or friends. A majority of 92.9% hadn't pledged their eyes.

Conclusion-

The young nursing students can be the future torchbearers of eye donation campaign & their active involvement can make a vast difference in eradication of corneal blindness. The study revealed that though the students were aware of eye donation, there was a lack of proper knowledge & motivation amongst them. This highlights the need for educating them for this noble cause.
Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome
Authors: Gupta Neeti , Shrinkhal  , Aggarwal Kirti , Rana Rimpi , Sharma Manisha , Mittal Sanjeev Kumar
Published: November 2020

A typical case of Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) with clinical features of bilateral posterior embryotoxon, correctopia, pseudopolycoria and segmental iris hypoplasia is presented. Gonioscopy revealed anteriorly displaced Schwalbe's line and bands of iris extending across the iridocorneal angle to the trabecular meshwork. Fundus was within normal limits in both the eyes. Systemic examination revealed hypodontia, microdontia, prominent lower lip and redundant peri-umbilical skin. There was no associated cardiovascular or other associated systemic association. Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome is a multi-system anomaly requiring a multidisciplinary approach to management. The patient needs to be regularly followed-up for development of glaucoma
Intraocular Gnathostomiasis
Authors: Mohanty Anuja , Mahapatra Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2020

We report a rare case of intraocular gnathostomiasis from eastern India. A 32 year old male from Cuttack, Odisha presented to us with decreased vision in his left eye of counting fingers(CF) at 2 metres since 1 week without any pain, lid edema or periorbital swelling. Anterior segment was normal. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed a live motile worm in posterior vitreous cavity near macula. The worm was removed via pars plana vitrectomy. The removal was first attempted using flute needle but in vain and was finally done with end-grasping forceps. Microscopy revealed Gnathostoma spinigerum. The patient was treated with oral albendazole and steroids. The case is reported because of its rarity.
Lipemia Retinalis in a 25-day Old Neonate
Authors: Mahapatra Santosh Kumar , Mohanty Anuja
Published: November 2020

A 25-day old neonate presented with complaints of greenish black stools. It was a full term LSCS delivery born of a non-consanguineous marriage. There was no history of any oxygenation/phototherapy. Birth weight was 3.5 kg and the baby had cried after birth. She was exclusively breastfed. On evaluation she had high blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides suggesting a diagnosis of type IIb hyperlipidemia (familial combined hyperlipidemia). She was referred by paediatrician for ophthalmic examination. Funduscopy showed a manifestation of grade III lipemia retinalis. Physical examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly on per abdomen. She was treated with antibiotics, i.v fluids and dietary modifications. The blood reports of both parents showed lipoproteinemia and hypercholesterolemia.
Waterfall Cataract
Authors: Jain Prateek , Pattnaik Anshuman
Published: November 2020

Lens induced glaucoma (LIG) with pseudoexfoliation (PXF) is not a very uncommon entity. A 75 year old woman presented with LIG in left eye but with lens matter outflowing into the anterior chamber. Systemic examination was unremarkable. After lowering of the intraocular pressure, cataract extraction was performed following which patient had pain relief and got satisfactory vision. Correct diagnosis and administration of intraocular pressure lowering agents followed by lens extraction is crucial for a desirable outcome.
A Rare Case Report of Unilateral Twin Crystalline Lenses
Authors: Chaurasiya Suraj Kumar , Paul Maitri
Published: November 2020

We report a rare case of congenital twin crystalline lenses in an eye. The longest visible iris diameter was oblique, drawn from temporal to nasal quadrant making cornea horizontally oval. The crystalline lenses were found to be situated obliquely on the horizontal axis in the upper temporal and lower nasal quadrant.
Lamellar Cataract
Authors: Penugondla Pavani Murthy , Sastry Srinivasa S. , Rao Sreenivasa P.
Published: November 2020

A 38-year-old male presented with complaints of decreased vision since childhood, which has been increasing in the past decade. Examination revealed a central lamellar cataract in both the eyes.
Classical signs of Keratoconus
Authors: Christy Josephine S. , Tagare Shivraj
Published: November 2020

Keratoconus is a bilateral progressive disease of unknown etiology characterized by gradual corneal thinning, steepening and ectasia. Though corneal topography plays a significant role in its diagnosis, early identification with clinical signs can greatly improve the visual outcome with appropriate management. This PG snippet elaborates on the classical signs of keratoconus by clear demonstration with slit lamp pictures.
Pentacam – A Corneal Tomography System
Authors: Upadhyaya Abhishek , Khan Sarah , Sahay Pranita , Goel Siddhi , Kumawat Devesh
Published: November 2020

Investigative technology in the field of corneal refractive surgery has seen a rapid evolution in the last two decades. The shift from corneal topography system to corneal tomography analysis has not only improved the accuracy of corneal contour analysis but has also given an opportunity to explore various additional findings that are now considered extremely valuable in the diagnosis of forme-fruste keratoconus. This is of paramount importance in today's world considering the high flow of patients for refractive surgery and the need for precise screening for corneal ectasia in these cases prior to surgery. Pentacam (Oculus Wetzlar, Germany), based on Schiempflug imaging, is the most commonly used corneal tomography system. It creates a 3-D imaging of the anterior segment and provides details of the anterior and posterior corneal contour, pachymetery, anterior chamber depth and pupil diameter. Recent advancement in the Pentacam software enables IOL power calculation as well phakic IOL simulation.