bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liquidity and Information in Limit Order Markets
Authors: Roşu Ioanid
Published: October 2019

How does informed trading affect liquidity in limit order markets, where traders can choose between market orders (demanding liquidity) and limit orders (providing liquidity)? In a dynamic model, informed trading overall helps liquidity: A higher share of informed traders i) improves liquidity as proxied by the bid–ask spread and market resiliency, and ii) has no effect on the price impact of orders. The model generates other testable implications, and suggests new measures of informed trading.
Predictors of depressive symptom trajectories in a prospective follow-up of late adolescents
Authors: Coryell William , Mills James , Dindo Lilian , Calarge Chadi A.
Published: October 2019

Background

Group-based trajectory modeling holds promise for the study of prognostic indicators in the mood disorders because the courses that the individuals with these disorders follow are so highly variable. However, trajectory analyses of major depressive disorder have so far not included some of the more robust predictors of mood disorder outcome, nor have they described interactions between these predictors.

Methods

A group of 186 individuals aged 15–20 years with past or current depressive symptoms, who had recently begun taking a serotonin reuptake inhibitors antidepressant, underwent extensive baseline evaluations and were then followed for up to 2 years. Trajectory analyses used weekly ratings of depressive symptoms and the resulting groups were compared by the risk factors of sex, psychiatric comorbidity, negative emotionality, and childhood adversity.

Results

A three-group solution provided the best statistical fit to the 2-year symptom trajectory. Negative emotionality and childhood adversity, though correlated, independently predicted membership in higher-morbidity groups. Female sex and comorbidity with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were also significantly more likely in the trajectory groups with higher symptom levels. However, the presence of GAD, rather than female sex, was the most important determinant of group membership. Negative emotionality was predictive of group membership only among women.

Conclusions

Trajectory analyses indicated that week-to-week variations in depressive symptoms across individuals could best be condensed into low, remitting and persistent symptom patterns. Female sex, anxiety symptoms, negative emotionality and childhood adversity were each independently associated with trajectories of higher morbidity but negative emotionality may be prognostically important only among women.
The development and validation of an algorithm to predict future depression onset in unselected youth
Authors: Cohen Joseph R. , Thakur Hena , Young Jami F. , Hankin Benjamin L.
Published: October 2019

Background

Universal depression screening in youth typically focuses on strategies for identifying current distress and impairment. However, these protocols also play a critical role in primary prevention initiatives that depend on correctly estimating future depression risk. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the best screening approach for predicting depression onset in youth.

Methods

Two multi-wave longitudinal studies (N = 591, AgeM = 11.74; N = 348, AgeM = 12.56) were used as the ‘test’ and ‘validation’ datasets among youth who did not present with a history of clinical depression. Youth and caregivers completed inventories for depressive symptoms, adversity exposure (including maternal depression), social/academic impairment, cognitive vulnerabilities (rumination, dysfunctional attitudes, and negative cognitive style), and emotional predispositions (negative and positive affect) at baseline. Subsequently, multi-informant diagnostic interviews were completed every 6 months for 2 years.

Results

Self-reported rumination, social/academic impairment, and negative affect best predicted first depression onsets in youth across both samples. Self- and parent-reported depressive symptoms did not consistently predict depression onset after controlling for other predictors. Youth with high scores on the three inventories were approximately twice as likely to experience a future first depressive episode compared to the sample average. Results suggested that one's likelihood of developing depression could be estimated based on subthreshold and threshold risk scores.

Conclusions

Most pediatric depression screening protocols assess current manifestations of depressive symptoms. Screening for prospective first onsets of depressive episodes can be better accomplished via an algorithm incorporating rumination, negative affect, and impairment.
The relationship between profiles and transitions of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children and suicidal thoughts in early adolescence
Authors: Johnson Dylan , McLennan John D. , Heron Jon , Colman Ian
Published: October 2019

Background

Adolescence is a high-risk period for the onset of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Identification of preceding patterns of internalizing and externalizing symptoms that are associated with subsequent suicidal thoughts may offer a better understanding of how to prevent adolescent suicide.

Methods

Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a prospective population-based Canadian cohort, contained Child Behavior Checklist items which were used to examine profiles and transitions of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children, aged 6–11 years (n = 8266). The association between these profiles/transitions and suicidal thoughts in adolescents was examined using multivariate logistic regression modeling.

Results

Latent profile analyses identified four measurement invariant profiles of internalizing and externalizing symptoms at ages 6/7 and 10/11: (1) low on all symptoms, (2) moderate on all symptoms, (3) high on all symptoms, and (4) high on hyperactivity/inattention and internalizing. Recurrent (homotypic or heterotypic) and increasing symptoms from 6/7 to 10/11 were associated with suicidal thoughts in adolescence, compared to those with stable low symptoms. Those with decreasing symptoms from 6/7 to 10/11 were not at increased risk of suicidal thought in adolescence.

Conclusions

While patterns of recurrent symptoms were associated with suicidal thoughts, a similar association was observed between profiles at age 10/11 years and suicidal thoughts. This suggests that the recent assessments of mental health symptoms in children may be as sufficient a predictor of adolescent suicidal thought as transition profiles.
On Stem Cells, Organoids and Human Disease
Authors: Clevers Hans
Published: October 2019

Stem cells build our bodies during development, starting from a fertilized oocyte. Subsequently, they maintain and repair our organs for a lifetime. Thus, stem cells hold the promise of eternal life. While this may still be in the distant future, stem cells are rapidly changing the face of biomedical science and are finding applications in the clinic. In this article, I discuss the principles of stem cell biology and the mini-organs that can be grown from stem cells in a petri dish.
Does perfectionism impact adherence to homework assignment? A preliminary pilot study of perfectionism and procrastination of CBT homework
Authors: Kobori Osamu , Dighton Glen , Hunter Rachael
Published: October 2019

Background:

Homework assignments are generally viewed as an important factor of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT).

Aim:

This study examined whether perfectionists procrastinate homework assignments.

Method:

Thirty-eight university students attended two sessions, 7 days apart from each other. After completing perfectionism scales at the first session, they were asked to complete homework tasks from a self-help wellbeing booklet and return the booklet at session 2.

Results:

Only maladaptive facets of perfectionism correlated with most of the behavioural measures of procrastination. Moreover, those high in maladaptive perfectionism set and completed fewer planned activities to improve their mood.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that perfectionism may affect how clients set their homework, and perfectionism may interfere with the homework assignments of CBT.
Economic impact of floods in the Indian states
Authors: Parida Yashobanta
Published: October 2019

We examine the impact of economic development and the role of political alignment on the fatalities and damages due to floods using state-level panel data for 19 Indian states over the period 1980–2011. The empirical results confirm that economic development leads to a decline in flood fatalities and damages due to floods across Indian states. This study also examines the role of politics in the prevention of flood fatalities. We find that both state election years and political alignment influence the extent of flood fatalities. The results suggest that not only economic development but also healthy political coordination between the central government and the states is essential to mitigate the impact of floods.
Evaluation of processing type tomato plant genetic resources (Solanum lycopersicumL.) for their nutritional properties in different environments
Authors: Csambalik László , Gál Izóra , Sipos László , Gere Attila , Koren Dániel , Bíró Barbara , Divéky-Ertsey Anna
Published: October 2019

In this work, 10 processing type Hungarian tomato gene bank accessions were investigated in a 3-year open-field experiment together with three commercial varieties for quantifying the genotype × environment interaction for their total soluble solids, total acid, dry matter, lycopene, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. Results showed remarkable differences of accessions in phytonutrient content over the 3 years (environments). Genotype main effect plus genotype × environment interaction biplots were created for the visualization of the best performing samples and of their relation to a theoretical best variety. Obovate fruit-shaped accessions (especially RCAT031257 and RCAT060349) reached outstanding nutritional results in every environment. According to extremities in weather conditions, two landraces (RCAT060348 and RCAT060349) with higher drought tolerance, and two (RCAT031257 and RCAT029837) less prone to excessive rainfalls were identified. The results can contribute to the enrichment of tomato nutritional phenotypic data banks, facilitating the utilization of gene bank accessions in genomic studies.
Which types of feedback do CBT students in training value most?
Authors: Bonney Alexandra , Pettit Sharon
Published: October 2019

Feedback is regarded as a highly important component in improving work and learning; despite this, there is a lack of research into what feedback types and characteristics cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) students value. The aim of this current research was to identify which types of feedback are valued most by CBT students during training. Using a budgeting methodology, students were asked to ‘purchase’ feedback types they valued the most in their learning. This was achieved by using budgets of different sizes to distinguish between necessities and luxuries as part of an online study. Out of nine types of feedback provided during CBT training, the written feedback on full session video recordings of their own therapy was identified as most valuable to students’ learning. Written feedback on full session video recordings is highly valued by CBT students. This arguably justifies the workload involved for training courses in providing detailed formative feedback on therapy recordings.

Key learning aims

(1)

To know which aspects of feedback are prioritized by CBT students during training.

(2)

To explore these preferences using a budgeting paradigm from broader educational literature.

(3)

To help supervisors and trainers know how to prioritize if time and resources are stretched.
Perspectives on memory, forgiveness and reconciliation in Cambodia's post-Khmer Rouge society
Authors: Pham Phuong N. , Balthazard Mychelle , Gibbons Niamh , Vinck Patrick
Published: October 2019

Transitional justice is a conspicuous feature of responses to mass atrocities. Rooted in accountability and redress for victims, transitional justice mechanisms influence and are influenced by collective memory of conflicts. This article looks at the dynamics between memory, trauma and forgiveness in Cambodia. Thirty years after the Khmer Rouge regime, Cambodians expressed limited knowledge of the past, a strong desire for the truth, and lingering feelings of hatred. The Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) created or renewed demand for truth, along with some desire for harm to come to the wrongdoers. Although the ECCC was set up several decades after the mass atrocities, the data suggest that the ECCC and the civil society movement associated with it may have had positive outcomes on addressing the legacy of the violence.
Kiefergelenkbeschwerden – eine biopsychosoziale Umschau
Authors: Ettlin Dominik A. , Steiger Beat , Lukic Nenad
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung. Bei Kiefergelenkbeschwerden besteht die ärztliche Aufgabe darin, die im Vordergrund beklagten somatischen Beschwerden in Zusammenhang mit allfälligen biographischen, psychischen und sozialen Faktoren zu verstehen und daraus therapeutische Optionen abzuleiten.
Correction to: The selective orexin-2 antagonist seltorexant (JNJ-42847922/MIN-202) shows antidepressant and sleep-promoting effects in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Recourt Kasper , de Boer Peter , Zuiker Rob , Luthringer Remy , Kent Justine , van der Ark Peter , Van Hove Ilse , van Gerven Joop , Jacobs Gabriel , van Nueten Luc , Drevets Wayne
Published: October 2019

In the original Article, Tables two and three had formatting issues which affected their clarity. This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of this Article.
Integration of mesopores and crystal defects in metal-organic frameworks via templated electrosynthesis
Authors: Kang Xinchen , Lyu Kai , Li Lili , Li Jiangnan , Kimberley Louis , Wang Bin , Liu Lifei , Cheng Yongqiang , Frogley Mark D. , Rudić Svemir , Ramirez-Cuesta Anibal J. , Dryfe Robert A. W. , Han Buxing , Yang Sihai , Schröder Martin
Published: October 2019

Incorporation of mesopores and active sites into metal-organic framework (MOF) materials to uncover new efficient catalysts is a highly desirable but challenging task. We report the first example of a mesoporous MOF obtained by templated electrosynthesis using an ionic liquid as both electrolyte and template. The mesoporous Cu(II)-MOF MFM-100 has been synthesised in 100 seconds at room temperature, and this material incorporates crystal defects with uncoupled Cu(II) centres as evidenced by confocal fluorescence microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. MFM-100 prepared in this way shows exceptional catalytic activity for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to produce aldehydes in near quantitative yield and selectivity under mild conditions, as well as having excellent stability and reusability over repeated cycles. The catalyst-substrate binding interactions have been probed by inelastic neutron scattering. This study offers a simple strategy to create mesopores and active sites simultaneously via electrochemical formation of crystal defects to promote efficient catalysis using MOFs.
Development of a forward-oriented therapeutic lentiviral vector for hemoglobin disorders
Authors: Uchida Naoya , Hsieh Matthew M. , Raines Lydia , Haro-Mora Juan J. , Demirci Selami , Bonifacino Aylin C. , Krouse Allen E. , Metzger Mark E. , Donahue Robert E. , Tisdale John F.
Published: October 2019

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy is being evaluated for hemoglobin disorders including sickle cell disease (SCD). Therapeutic globin vectors have demanding requirements including high-efficiency transduction at the HSC level and high-level, erythroid-specific expression with long-term persistence. The requirement of intron 2 for high-level β-globin expression dictates a reverse-oriented globin-expression cassette to prevent its loss from RNA splicing. Current reverse-oriented globin vectors can drive phenotypic correction, but they are limited by low vector titers and low transduction efficiencies. Here we report a clinically relevant forward-oriented β-globin-expressing vector, which has sixfold higher vector titers and four to tenfold higher transduction efficiency for long-term hematopoietic repopulating cells in humanized mice and rhesus macaques. Insertion of Rev response element (RRE) allows intron 2 to be retained, and β-globin production is observed in transplanted macaques and human SCD CD34+ cells. These findings bring us closer to a widely applicable gene therapy for hemoglobin disorders.
Nanopore device-based fingerprinting of RNA oligos and microRNAs enhanced with an Osmium tag
Authors: Sultan Madiha , Kanavarioti Anastassia
Published: October 2019

Protein and solid-state nanopores are used for DNA/RNA sequencing as well as for single molecule analysis. We proposed that selective labeling/tagging may improve base-to-base resolution of nucleic acids via nanopores. We have explored one specific tag, the Osmium tetroxide 2,2′-bipyridine (OsBp), which conjugates to pyrimidines and leaves purines intact. Earlier reports using OsBp-tagged oligodeoxyribonucleotides demonstrated proof-of-principle during unassisted voltage-driven translocation via either alpha-Hemolysin or a solid-state nanopore. Here we extend this work to RNA oligos and a third nanopore by employing the MinION, a commercially available device from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT). Conductance measurements demonstrate that the MinION visibly discriminates oligoriboadenylates with sequence A15PyA15, where Py is an OsBp-tagged pyrimidine. Such resolution rivals traditional chromatography, suggesting that nanopore devices could be exploited for the characterization of RNA oligos and microRNAs enhanced by selective labeling. The data also reveal marked discrimination between a single pyrimidine and two consecutive pyrimidines in OsBp-tagged AnPyAn and AnPyPyAn. This observation leads to the conjecture that the MinION/OsBp platform senses a 2-nucleotide sequence, in contrast to the reported 5-nucleotide sequence with native nucleic acids. Such improvement in sensing, enabled by the presence of OsBp, may enhance base-calling accuracy in enzyme-assisted DNA/RNA sequencing.
Post-Disturbance Genetic Changes: The Impact of the 2010 Mega-Earthquake and Tsunami on Chilean Sandy Beach Fauna
Authors: Brante Antonio , Guzmán-Rendón Garen , Barría Erwin M. , Guillemin Marie-Laure , Vera-Escalona Iván , Hernández Cristián E.
Published: October 2019

Earthquake/tsunamis can have profound impacts on species and their genetic patterns. It is expected that the magnitude of this impact might depend on the species and the time since the disturbance occurs, nevertheless these assumptions remain mostly unexplored. Here we studied the genetic responses of the crustacean species Emerita analoga, Excirolana hirsuticauda, and Orchestoidea tuberculata to the 27F mega-earthquake/tsunami that occurred in Chile in February 2010. mtDNA sequence analyses revealed a lower haplotype diversity for E. analoga and E. hirsuticauda in impacted areas one month after the 27F, and the opposite for O. tuberculata. Three years after the 27F we observed a recovery in the genetic diversity of E. analoga and E. hirsuticauda and decrease in the genetic diversity in O. tuberculata in 2/3 of sampled areas. Emerita analoga displayed decrease of genetic differentiation and increase in gene flow explained by long-range population expansion. The other two species revealed slight increase in the number of genetic groups, little change in gene flow and no signal of population expansion associated to adult survival, rapid colonization, and capacity to burrow in the sand. Our results reveal that species response to a same disturbance event could be extremely diverse and depending on life-history traits and the magnitude of the effect.
Site-specific and time-course changes of postmenopausal osteoporosis in rat mandible: comparative study with femur
Authors: Lee Chena , Lee Jeong-Hee , Han Sang-Sun , Kim Young Hyun , Choi Yoon-Joo , Jeon Kug Jin , Jung Hoi In
Published: October 2019

Although the effects of osteoporosis on the skeleton are well studied, site-specific and long-term studies on the mandible are still lacking. This study investigated the time-course changes of the bone microarchitecture in the mandibular condyle in comparison to the corresponding changes in the alveolar bone, body of the mandible, and femur. Thirty-six 11-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into ovariectomized (OVX) (24 rats) and sham (12 rats) groups. The right femur and mandible were obtained from 6 OVX rats and 3 sham rats at 8, 12, 26, and 36 weeks after surgery, respectively. The histomorphometric analysis was performed using micro–computed tomography and histologic assessments from the (1) distal femur; (2) the alveolar bone and (3) the body of the mandible; (4) the subchondral and (5) the central region of the condyle. The Brown-Forsythe test was used to verify the assumptions for statistical analysis, and the Mann-Whitney U test was then performed. The mandibular condyle showed increased trabecular bone in both the OVX and sham groups, while the bone density was reduced in the distal femur and the mandible interradicular septum and body. When comparing the OVX group to the sham group, only the central condyle showed a significant reduction in bone density at 36 weeks. Osteoporosis behaves in different manners in different parts of the skeleton, and clinicians should be aware that patients displaying osteoporotic changes in the mandible are expected to show severely advanced bone mineral density reduction in other bones, such as the femur.
Generation of Remosomes by the SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeler Family
Authors: Shukla Manu Shubhdarshan , Syed Sajad Hussain , Boopathi Ramachandran , Simon Elsa Ben , Nahata Sunil , Ramos Lorrie , Dalkara Defne , Moskalenko Cendrine , Travers Andrew , Angelov Dimitar , Dimitrov Stefan , Hamiche Ali , Bednar Jan
Published: October 2019

Chromatin remodelers are complexes able to both alter histone-DNA interactions and to mobilize nucleosomes. The mechanism of their action and the conformation of remodeled nucleosomes remain a matter of debates. In this work we compared the type and structure of the products of nucleosome remodeling by SWI/SNF and ACF complexes using high-resolution microscopy combined with novel biochemical approaches. We find that SWI/SNF generates a multitude of nucleosome-like metastable particles termed “remosomes”. Restriction enzyme accessibility assay, DNase I footprinting and AFM experiments reveal perturbed histone-DNA interactions within these particles. Electron cryo-microscopy shows that remosomes adopt a variety of different structures with variable irregular DNA path, similar to those described upon RSC remodeling. Remosome DNA accessibility to restriction enzymes is also markedly increased. We suggest that the generation of remosomes is a common feature of the SWI/SNF family remodelers. In contrast, the ACF remodeler, belonging to ISWI family, only produces repositioned nucleosomes and no evidence for particles associated with extra DNA, or perturbed DNA paths was found. The remosome generation by the SWI/SNF type of remodelers may represent a novel mechanism involved in processes where nucleosomal DNA accessibility is required, such as DNA repair or transcription regulation.
Mechanical Nano-Patterning: Toward Highly-Aligned Ge Self-Assembly on Low Lattice Mismatched GaAs Substrate
Authors: Dushaq Ghada , Rasras Mahmoud
Published: October 2019

Low-dimensional semiconductor structurers formed on a substrate surface at pre-defined locations and with nano-precision placement is of vital interest. The potential of tailoring their electrical and optical properties will revolutionize the next generation of optoelectronic devices. Traditionally, highly aligned self-assembly of semiconductors relies on Stranski- Krastanov growth mode. In this work, we demonstrate a pathway towards ordered configuration of Ge islands on low lattice mismatch GaAs (110) substrate patterned using depth-controlled nanoindentation. Diamond probe tips with different geometries are used to nano-mechanically stamp the surface of GaAs (110). This creates nanoscale volumes of dislocation-mediated deformation which acts to bias nucleation. Results show that nanostamped GaAs exhibits selective-nucleation of Ge at the indent sites. Ge islands formed on a surface patterned using cube corner tip have height of ~10 nm and lateral size of ~225 nm. Larger islands are formed by using Vickers and Berkovich diamond tips (~400 nm). The strain state of the patterned structures is characterized by micro-Raman spectroscopy. A strain value up to 2% for all tip geometries has been obtained. Additionally, strong room temperature photoluminescence (PL) emission is observed around 1.9 µm (650 meV). The observed strain-induced enhancement in the light-emission efficiency is attributed to direct conduction to heavy-hole (cΓ-HH) and conduction to light-hole (cΓ-LH) transitions. The inherent simplicity of the proposed method offers an attractive technique to manufacture semiconductor quantum dot structures for future electronic and photonic applications.
Response of the temperate scleractinian coral Cladocora caespitosa to high temperature and long-term nutrient enrichment
Authors: Hadjioannou Louis , Jimenez Carlos , Rottier Cecile , Sfenthourakis Spyros , Ferrier-Pagès Christine
Published: October 2019

Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment and increased seawater temperatures are responsible for coral reef decline. In particular, they disrupt the relationship between corals and their dinoflagellate symbionts (bleaching). However, some coral species can afford either high temperatures or nutrient enrichment and their study can bring new insights into how corals acclimate or adapt to stressors. Here, we focused on the role of the nutrient history in influencing the response of the Mediterranean scleractinian coral Cladocora caespitosa to thermal stress. Colonies living naturally in nutrient-poor (<0.5 µM nitrogen, <0.2 µM phosphorus, LN) and nutrient-rich (ca. 10–20 µM nitrogen, 0.4 µM phosphorus, HN) locations were sampled, maintained under the right nutrient conditions, and exposed to a temperature increase from 17 °C to 24 °C and 29 °C. While both HN and LN colonies decreased their concentrations of symbionts and/or photosynthetic pigments, HN colonies were able to maintain significant higher rates of net and gross photosynthesis at 24 °C compared to LN colonies. In addition, while there was no change in protein concentration in HN corals during the experiment, proteins continuously decreased in LN corals with increased temperature. These results are important in that they show that nutrient history can influence the response of scleractinian corals to thermal stress. Further investigations of under-studied coral groups are thus required in the future to understand the processes leading to coral resistance to environmental perturbations.
Nesprin-1-alpha2 associates with kinesin at myotube outer nuclear membranes, but is restricted to neuromuscular junction nuclei in adult muscle
Authors: Holt Ian , Fuller Heidi R. , Lam Le Thanh , Sewry Caroline A. , Shirran Sally L. , Zhang Qiuping , Shanahan Catherine M. , Morris Glenn E.
Published: October 2019

Nesprins, nuclear envelope spectrin-repeat proteins encoded by the SYNE1 and SYNE2 genes, are involved in localization of nuclei. The short isoform, nesprin-1-alpha2, is required for relocation of the microtubule organizer function from centromeres to the nuclear rim during myogenesis. Using specific antibodies, we now show that both nesprin-1-alpha2 and nesprin-1-giant co-localize with kinesin at the junctions of concatenated nuclei and at the outer poles of nuclear chains in human skeletal myotubes. In adult muscle, nesprin-1-alpha2 was found, together with kinesin, only on nuclei associated with neuromuscular junctions, whereas all adult cardiomyocyte nuclei expressed nesprin-1-alpha2. In a proteomics study, kinesin heavy and light chains were the only significant proteins in myotube extracts pulled down by nesprin-1-alpha2, but not by a mutant lacking the highly-conserved STAR domain (18 amino-acids, including the LEWD motif). The results support a function for nesprin-1-alpha2 in the specific localization of skeletal muscle nuclei mediated by kinesins and suggest that its primary role is at the outer nuclear membrane.
Sizing single nanoscale objects from polarization forces
Authors: Lozano H. , Millán-Solsona R. , Fabregas R. , Gomila G.
Published: October 2019

Sizing natural or engineered single nanoscale objects is fundamental in many areas of science and technology. To achieve it several advanced microscopic techniques have been developed, mostly based on electron and scanning probe microscopies. Still for soft and poorly adhered samples the existing techniques face important challenges. Here, we propose an alternative method to size single nanoscale objects based on the measurement of its electric polarization. The method is based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy measurements combined with a specifically designed multiparameter quantification algorithm, which gives the physical dimensions (height and width) of the nanoscale object. The proposed method is validated with ~50 nm diameter silver nanowires, and successfully applied to ~10 nm diameter bacterial polar flagella, an example of soft and poorly adhered nanoscale object. We show that an accuracy comparable to AFM topographic imaging can be achieved. The main advantage of the proposed method is that, being based on the measurement of long-range polarization forces, it can be applied without contacting the sample, what is key when considering poorly adhered and soft nanoscale objects. Potential applications of the proposed method to a wide range of nanoscale objects relevant in Material, Life Sciences and Nanomedicine is envisaged.
Induced Tamoxifen Resistance is Mediated by Increased Methylation of E-Cadherin in Estrogen Receptor-Expressing Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Qi , Gun Melisa , Hong Xing-yu
Published: October 2019

Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers are treated with tamoxifen, a drug that competitively inhibits the binding of estrogen to its receptor. Resistance to tamoxifen is a major hurdle in effective management of target breast cancer patient population. A number of dynamic changes within the tumor microenvironment, including the phenomenon of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), determine the response to endocrine therapy. EMT is marked by silencing or suppression of epithelial marker, E-Cadherin and we found significantly down-regulated E-Cadherin, among other epithelial markers, and a significantly up-regulated mesenchymal marker, Twist, among other mesenchymal markers, in a model system that comprised of tamoxifen sensitive MCF-7 cells and their tamoxifen-resistant counterparts, MCF-7-TAM, developed by chronic and escalating exposure of parental cells to tamoxifen. Further, E-cadherin, but not Twist, was differentially expressed in MCF-7-TAM cells because of differential methylation. Treatment with demethylating agent 5-azacytidine increased the expression of E-cadherin thus verifying a role of methylation in its silencing and, moreover, 5-azacytidine treatment also re-sensitized MCF-7-TAM cells to tamoxifen, as evaluated by assays for viability, apoptosis and migration potential. The 5-azacytidine effects were similar to effects of E-cadherin overexpression in MCF-7-TAM cells. This work describes novel mechanism of E-cadherin downregulation in tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells. Further studies are needed to exploit this information for betterment of breast cancer therapy.
High Glucose Variability Increases 30-Day Readmission Rates in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Hospitalized in Department of Surgery
Authors: Hsieh Ching Jung
Published: October 2019

Glucose variability is common among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). I investigated to assess the variability of glucose in patients with type 2 DM accounts for in-hospital readmission rates in department of Surgery. I retrospectively analyzed 206 patients with type 2 DM, who was admitted to our hospital for surgical interventions and re-admitted within 30 days after discharge. I also enrolled 610 age, sex and diabetic duration matched patients with type 2 DM, as control. Outcomes measure included average and standard deviation (SD) of blood glucose during admission, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, renal function, length of stay (LOS). Patients who had re-admission within 30 days after discharge had higher SD of blood glucose levels than control (84.7 ± 53.5 mg/dL vs. 46.2 ± 42.8 mg/dL, p < 0.001) but not average of blood glucose levels. Comparing to control group, the study group also had higher HbA1c (8.4 ± 1.3% vs. 7.7 ± 1.1%, p = 0.015) and LOS (8.5 ± 2.5 days vs 7.0 ± 1.5 days, p = 0.020). The independent predictors of 30-day readmission rates were SD of blood glucose during admission and HbA1c (hazard ratio: 1.680, 1.493; p value < 0.001, 0.008, respectively). Decreasing glucose variability during admission for surgery is important for patients with type 2 DM to decreasing re-admission rates and LOS. HBA1c may also identify patients at higher risk of postoperative complications and possibility of re-admission.
Land Invasion by the Mudskipper, Periophthalmodon septemradiatus, in Fresh and Saline Waters of the Mekong River
Authors: Mai Hieu Van , Tran Loi Xuan , Dinh Quang Minh , Tran Dinh Dac , Murata Mizuri , Sagara Haruka , Yamada Akinori , Shirai Kotaro , Ishimatsu Atsushi
Published: October 2019

There has been a long-standing controversy about whether vertebrates emerged in the Paleozoic from marine or freshwater environments. Several hypotheses have proposed coastal, estuarine and riparian areas as sites of the transition. Here, we report the ecology of an amphibious fish Periophthalmodon septemradiatus, which we presume is in the process of niche expansion into terrestrial habitats from estuarine to freshwater environments along the Mekong River, Vietnam. Adult fish are highly terrestrial and have not been observed to venture into water during our survey. Courtship behaviour was observed, and fertilised eggs were recovered from burrows in both brackish and freshwater environments. The smallest fish collected at 12, 96, and 148 km from the river mouth were juveniles shortly after starting an amphibious life. These findings suggest reproduction in both brackish and freshwater environments. In contrast, otolith Sr:Ca ratio indicates larval hatching only in brackish water. Analysis of a 940-base pair (bp) segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II and a 934-bp segment of the mitochondrial D-loop demonstrated no genetic segregation between populations. The fish may provide a unique opportunity to study how ambient salinity affects the biology and ecology of a living vertebrate during transition from water to land.
New screening approach for Alzheimer’s disease risk assessment from urine lipid peroxidation compounds
Authors: Peña-Bautista Carmen , Vigor Claire , Galano Jean-Marie , Oger Camille , Durand Thierry , Ferrer Inés , Cuevas Ana , López-Cuevas Rogelio , Baquero Miguel , López-Nogueroles Marina , Vento Máximo , Hervás-Marín David , García-Blanco Ana , Cháfer-Pericás Consuelo
Published: October 2019

Alzheimer Disease (AD) standard biological diagnosis is based on expensive or invasive procedures. Recent research has focused on some molecular mechanisms involved since early AD stages, such as lipid peroxidation. Therefore, a non-invasive screening approach based on new lipid peroxidation compounds determination would be very useful. Well-defined early AD patients and healthy participants were recruited. Lipid peroxidation compounds were determined in urine using a validated analytical method based on liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Statistical studies consisted of the evaluation of two different linear (Elastic Net) and non-linear (Random Forest) regression models to discriminate between groups of participants. The regression models fitted to the data from some lipid peroxidation biomarkers (isoprostanes, neuroprostanes, prostaglandines, dihomo-isoprostanes) in urine as potential predictors of early AD. These prediction models achieved fair validated area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC-ROCs > 0.68) and their results corroborated each other since they are based on different analytical principles. A satisfactory early screening approach, using two complementary regression models, has been obtained from urine levels of some lipid peroxidation compounds, indicating the individual probability of suffering from early AD.
Author Correction: Chemokines as the modulators of endometrial epithelial cells remodelling
Authors: Złotkowska A. , Andronowska A.
Published: October 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper
Direct identification of forensic body fluids by MALDI-MS
Authors: Jiang Yuming , Sun Jie , Huang Xi , Shi Huixia , Xiong Caiqiao , Nie Zongxiu
Published: October 2019

The rapid identification of human body fluids is meaningful for forensic casework.
A novel candle light-style OLED with a record low colour temperature
Authors: Korshunov Vladislav M. , Chmovzh Timofey N. , Knyazeva Ekaterina A. , Taydakov Ilya V. , Mikhalchenko Ludmila V. , Varaksina Evgenia A. , Saifutyarov Rasim S. , Avetissov Igor C. , Rakitin Oleg A.
Published: October 2019

Candle light-style OLEDs based on new D–A–π–A type molecules incorporated into Alq3 matrix were developed. A record low color temperature of 1722 K OLED radiation was achieved, which is by 80 K lower than that of the best devices reported previously.
A novel Mn–Cu bimetallic complex for enhanced chemodynamic therapy with simultaneous glutathione depletion
Authors: Cao Shuhua , Fan Jiangli , Sun Wen , Li Fahui , Li Kaoxue , Tai Xishi , Peng Xiaojun
Published: October 2019

A novel Mn–Cu bimetallic complex was synthesized which demonstrated enhanced chemodynamic therapy via generating a hydroxyl radical with simultaneous glutathione depletion.
A pyrophosphate-activated nanochannel inspired by a TRP ion channel
Authors: Zhu Fei , Yang Guanxing , Dhinakaran Manivannan Kalavathi , Wang Rui , Song Miaomiao , Li Haibing
Published: October 2019

An artificial pyrophosphate (PPi) selectively activated nanochannel has been successfully constructed via introducing calix[4]arene receptors into a biomimetic nanochannel.
Strong metal–borane interactions in low-valent cyclopentadienyl rhodium complexes
Authors: Boudjelel Maxime , Mallet-Ladeira Sonia , Bouhadir Ghenwa , Bourissou Didier
Published: October 2019

Half-sandwich Rh(i) complexes stabilized by η3-BCC or η1-B borane coordination.
Facile synthesis of sub-10 nm-sized bright red-emitting upconversion nanophosphors via tetrahedral YOF:Yb,Er seed-mediated growth
Authors: Kang Misun , Kang Han Byul , Park Sangmoon , Jang Ho Seong
Published: October 2019

Sub-10 nm-sized bright red-emitting YOF:Yb,Er/YOF core/shell upconversion nanophosphors are successfully synthesized from ultrasmall tetrahedral-shaped YOF:Yb,Er cores with well-defined crystallographic facets.
Chloranilate bridged dinuclear copper(ii) complexes: syn–anti geometry tuned by the steric factor and supramolecular interactions
Authors: Kar Paramita , Franconetti Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Ghosh Ashutosh
Published: October 2019

The anti-conformation of chloranilate bridged di-copper complexes of NNO donor Schiff-base ligands is more stable than the syn-conformation, but the latter is stabilised by CH⋯π and hydrogen bonding interactions between solvent of crystallisation and chloranilate moieties.
Analysis of improving the edge quality and growth rate of single-crystal diamond growth using a substrate holder
Authors: Yang Bo , Shen Qiao , Gan Zhiyin , Liu Sheng
Published: October 2019

To improve the edge regions. Growth using the old substrate holder, the edge quality was improved, but the average growth rate decreased. So, a newly substrate holder was designed. The edge quality and the growth rate were both improved.
Spectroscopy of YO from first principles
Authors: Smirnov Alexander N. , Solomonik Victor G. , Yurchenko Sergei N. , Tennyson Jonathan
Published: October 2019

We report an ab initio study on the spectroscopy of the open-shell diatomic molecule yttrium oxide, YO.
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides as promising anodes for potassium ion batteries from first-principles prediction
Authors: Zhang Zixiang , Yang Mingye , Zhao Ni , Wang Lu , Li Youyong
Published: October 2019

Although K possesses a larger atomic radius, its migration barriers on TMD monolayers are much smaller than those of Li and Na ions. Among them, both VS2 and TiS2 are suggested to be the best electrode for KIBs.
Relationship between Li+ diffusion and ion conduction for single-crystal and powder garnet-type electrolytes studied by 7Li PGSE NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Hayamizu Kikuko , Terada Yasuhiko , Kataoka Kunimitsu , Akimoto Junji , Haishi Tomoyuki
Published: October 2019

Li-diffusion constants of single-crystal and powder garnets were determined and plotted versus ionic conductivity. Estimated NE carrier numbers were larger than atomic Li numbers for metal containing garnets and insensitive to temperature.
Planarity and out-of-plane vibrational modes of tryptophan and tyrosine in biomolecular modeling
Authors: Joodaki Faramarz , Martin Lenore M. , Greenfield Michael L.
Published: October 2019

Vibrations of tryptophan and tyrosine are analyzed to quantify magnitudes of heteroaromatic ring out-of-plane fluctuations in MD of aqueous solutions. Frequencies from normal-mode analysis are compared to experimental data for modified force fields.
Correction: The use of ion-selective membranes to study cation transport in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites
Authors: Smith Emily C. , Ellis Christie L. C. , Javaid Hamza , Arden Blaise G. , Venkataraman D.
Published: October 2019

Correction for ‘The use of ion-selective membranes to study cation transport in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites’ by Emily C. Smith et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, 20720–20726.
When nanocellulose meets diffraction grating: freestanding photonic paper with programmable optical coupling
Authors: Chu Guang , Qu Dan , Camposeo Andrea , Pisignano Dario , Zussman Eyal
Published: October 2019

Bio-inspired chiral nematic cellulose films with periodic surface grating structures exhibit optically programmable photonic–photonic coupling.
Comparison and analysis of lncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulation in different molecular subtypes of glioblastoma
Authors: Li Qianpeng , Yu Qiuhong , Ji Jianghuai , Wang Peng , Li Dongguo
Published: October 2019

LncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulation varies among different molecular subtypes in glioblastoma.
Spontaneous selective deposition of iron oxide nanoparticles on graphite as model catalysts
Authors: de Alwis Chathura , Leftwich Timothy R. , Mukherjee Pinaki , Denofre Alex , Perrine Kathryn A.
Published: October 2019

A facile method for selective and spontaneous deposition of iron oxide nanoparticles on graphite surfaces.
Hydrochromic carbon dots as smart sensors for water sensing in organic solvents
Authors: Senthamizhan Anitha , Fragouli Despina , Balusamy Brabu , Patil Bhushan , Palei Milan , Sabella Stefania , Uyar Tamer , Athanassiou Athanassia
Published: October 2019

The present study highlights the potential of using hydrochromic carbon dots as probes for sensing water contamination in organic solvents.
Insight into the structure and bonding of copper(i) iodide clusters and a cluster-based coordination polymer
Authors: Sengupta Turbasu , Dang Thanh Truong , Chung Jin Suk , Kang Sung Gu
Published: October 2019

The structure and chemical bonding pattern of selected copper(i) iodide clusters and a cluster-based coordination polymer are investigated using DFT.
Three-dimensional porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks with tetrahedral building blocks for single-site catalysis
Authors: Liu Yong , Yan Xiaodong , Li Tao , Zhang Wen-Da , Fu Qiu-Ting , Lu Hui-Shu , Wang Xuan , Gu Zhi-Guo
Published: October 2019

Two 3D porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks were synthesized as single-site catalysts and exhibited excellent performance in biomimetic catalysis and oxygen evolution reactions.
Designing nanoparticle release systems for drug–vitamin cancer co-therapy with multiplicative perturbation-theory machine learning (PTML) models
Authors: Santana Ricardo , Zuluaga Robin , Gañán Piedad , Arrasate Sonia , Onieva Enrique , González-Díaz Humbert
Published: October 2019

Perturbation Theory Machine Learning (PTML) models are presented to predict biological of Nano-systems for cancer co-therapy including vitamins or vitamins derivatives.
Assembly by solvent evaporation: equilibrium structures and relaxation times
Authors: Waltmannn Tommy , Travesset Alex
Published: October 2019

We present a study describing the dynamics and equilibrium of the assembly of nanostructures by solvent evaporation.
Surface effects on a photochromic spin-crossover iron(ii) molecular switch adsorbed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite
Authors: Poggini Lorenzo , Londi Giacomo , Milek Magdalena , Naim Ahmad , Lanzilotto Valeria , Cortigiani Brunetto , Bondino Federica , Magnano Elena , Otero Edwige , Sainctavit Philippe , Arrio Marie-Anne , Juhin Amélie , Marchivie Mathieu , Khusniyarov Marat M. , Totti Federico , Rosa Patrick , Mannini Matteo
Published: October 2019

Thin films of Fe(ii) complex with a diarylethene-based ligand featuring spin-crossover have been grown by sublimation in ultra-high vacuum on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and spectroscopically characterized through a multi technique approach.
Tailored covalent organic frameworks by post-synthetic modification
Authors: Ding Huimin , Mal Arindam , Wang Cheng
Published: October 2019

This review describes recent advances and scientific challenges in the area of post-synthetic methodologies to tailor the functionalities and properties of COFs.
Hypoxia-activated NIR photosensitizer anchoring in the mitochondria for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Xu Feng , Li Haidong , Yao Qichao , Ge Haoying , Fan Jiangli , Sun Wen , Wang Jingyun , Peng Xiaojun
Published: October 2019

Photodynamic therapy is considered as a promising treatment for cancer, but still faces several challenges.