bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors determining spawning run dynamics and current state of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka resources in the Kamchatka River
Authors: Koval M. V. , Tepnin O. B. , Gorin S. L. , Fadeev E. S. , Zikunova O. V. , Lepskaya E. V. , Shubkin S. V. , Rudakova S. L. , Pilganchuk O. A. , Gorodovskaya S. B.
Published: February 2021

Hydrological regime and morphodynamics of the outlet part of the Kamchatka River, dynamics of mixing zone, patterns of juvenile Pacific salmon distribution and migration in the coastal waters of Kamchatsky Gulf in the zone of operating trap nets were analyzed on the results of complex field works prowided in summer period in 2018–2019; fishing and specifics of sockeye salmon spawning run in the river was described. In the course of analyzing the entire complex of available long-term data, an assessment of the likely impact of some key factors on the dynamics of anadromous migration of sockeye salmon in the Kamchatka River was made; biological statistics of spawners and current state of reproduction of this stock was demonstrated. It is found, that natural environmental factors, neither abiotic nor biotic (including fish health as population internal factor), could not cause disturbance of sockeye salmon spawning run dynamics in the Kamchatka River in recent years. Smoller body size and physiological imperfection of the spawners before the anadromous migration due to effects of high number of pink salmon in recent years are suggested to be the most likely cause of spawning run delay in late sockeye salmon morph. Regime of commercial use of the stock and general increasing pressure on the spawning stock by coastal fisheries are demonstrated to be the strongest outer factors to affect modern state of the resources and sockeye salmon population structure in the Kamchatka River, causing permanent escapement deficiency on spawning grounds in the river basin (first of all in the late morph), and also infact lead to disballance between different subpopulation groups in the composition of the stock. Recommendations in order to provide recovery and sustainable level of the Kamchatka River sockeye salmon stock are given in the perspective of more efficient commercial use of the stock next several years; highlights for further researches are outlined.
Antimicrobial activity of transition metal (II) complexes based on a Mannich base ligand
Authors: Selwyn Asha Jebamary , Ramasamy Pushpalatha , Jebakumar D S Ivan , Selwyn Benita Jebasilviya , Gunaraj Alex Immanuel Xavier , Manavalan Rajesh Kumar , Ponraj Joice Sophia
Published: February 2021

In this study, the authors report the synthesis of a new Mannich base formed by the condensation of pyrrole (C4H5N), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (C7H6O2) and phthalimide (C8H5NO2) and the respective copper (II) (Cu2+), nickel (II) (Ni2+) and cobalt (II) (Co2+) transition metal complexes derived from the ligand. The synthesized ligand and the metal complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, electrical conductivity studies and spectral studies. The geometry of the Mannich base metal (II) complexes was studied by ultraviolet–visible and electron spin resonance spectroscopy, and all the complexes were found to adopt square planar geometry. Among all the complexes, the cobalt complex was observed to show better antioxidant properties. It is noteworthy to mention that the copper complex is observed to exhibit better deoxyribonucleic acid cleavage activity at all concentrations compared with other complexes.
Interaction between G ALNT12 and C1GALT1 Associates with Galactose-Deficient IgA1 and IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Wang Yan-Na , Zhou Xu-Jie , Chen Pei , Yu Gui-Zhen , Zhang Xue , Hou Ping , Liu Li-Jun , Shi Su-Fang , Lv Ji-Cheng , Zhang Hong
Published: February 2021

Significance Statement

Galactose-deficient IgA1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. Although variability in serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 has a strong genetic component, the genetic link between this molecule and IgA nephropathy has not yet been clearly determined. The authors performed a genome-wide association study of serum galactose-deficient IgA1 levels among 1127 patients with IgA nephropathy in a Chinese population, identifying two genome-wide significant loci, of which one is novel. They also observed potential associations between galactose-deficient IgA1 loci and susceptibility to IgA nephropathy. In addition, they found genetic interactions between the two loci associated with both serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 and susceptibility to developing IgA nephropathy. This study provides novel insights into the genetic link between galactose-deficient IgA1 and IgA nephropathy.

Background

Galactose-deficient IgA1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, the most common primary GN worldwide. Although serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 have a strong genetic component, the genetic link between this molecule and IgA nephropathy has not yet been clearly established.

Methods

To identify novel loci associated with galactose-deficient IgA1, we performed a quantitative genome-wide association study for serum galactose-deficient IgA1 levels, on the basis of two different genome-wide association study panels conducted in 1127 patients with IgA nephropathy. To test genetic associations with susceptibility to IgA nephropathy, we also enrolled 2352 patients with biopsy-diagnosed IgA nephropathy and 2632 healthy controls. Peripheral blood samples from 59 patients and 27 healthy controls were also collected for gene expression analysis.

Results

We discovered two loci, in C1GALT1 and GALNT12, that achieved genome-wide significance, explaining about 3.7% and 3.4% of variance in serum galactose-deficient IgA1 levels, respectively. We confirmed the previously reported association of C1GALT1 with serum galactose-deficient IgA1 levels, but with a different lead single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs10238682; β=0.26, P=1.20×10−9); the locus we identified at GALNT12 (rs7856182; β=0.73, P=2.38×10−9) was novel. Of more interest, we found that GALNT12 exhibits genetic interactions with C1GALT1 in both galactose-deficient IgA1 levels (P=1.40×10−2) and disease risk (P=6.55×10−3). GALNT12 mRNA expression in patients with IgA nephropathy was significantly lower compared with healthy controls.

Conclusions

Our data identify GALNT12 as a novel gene associated with galactose-deficient IgA1 and suggest novel genetic interactions. These findings support a key role of genetically conferred dysregulation of galactose-deficient IgA1 in the development of IgA nephropathy.
Methodological Aspects of Developing an Efficient Transportation System for Products of Forestry Enterprises
Authors: Turenko Boris , Kolesnik Roman
Published: February 2021

Modern Russian timber industry is increasingly facing the problem of raw material shortage. The country has enough stock of root wood, however, a combination of objective factors does not allow calculated cut to be fully used. One of these factors is the transport inaccessibility of root wood. In this regard, a SWOT analysis of traditional transport modes used in the transportation of wood was performed, the strengths and weaknesses of each mode of transport were identified. It is proposed to use aircraft, namely airships as an alternative for transporting wood and other necessary kinds of cargo in the timber industry. Airships can significantly reduce the cost of transportation in the conditions of inaccessible taiga. The developed methodological approach allows us to justify the effectiveness of this type of transportation of products of forestry enterprises.
Customs Control as a Tool for Reducing Environmental Risks
Authors: Ostanin Vladimir , Rozhkov Yuri
Published: February 2021

As the analysis of practice shows, the current regulatory legal acts of the customs service of the Russian Federation are not aimed at eliminating environmental threats when importing goods that are harmful to both industrial use and personal consumption into the territory of the Russian Federation. The article introduces the concept of «customs ecology», which is to a greater extent focused on the implementation of the provisions of the Law «On Environmental Protection». The author's recommendations allow us to develop an effective mechanism for customs control after release, which guarantees a balance of measures to ensure the economic security of the state, promoting the development of international trade.
Discourse of the Retention of Cultural Values by Axiological Archetypes in the Visual Art of Primorye in the 60s of the 20th Century - the Beginning of the 21st Century
Authors: Fedorova Anastasiya , Alekseeva Galina
Published: February 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of preserving cultural values in the fine arts of the 60s of the 20th century — the beginning of the 21st century in the Primorsky Territory in connection with the period of perestroika in Russia. The regional features of artistic life and the main plots of canvas paintings, conveying traditional archetypes in the visual arts were studied on the basis of the original works of five leading Primorye artists of the 1960s — early 2000s. It is quite predictable that a number of value archetypes in the visual arts of the 20th–21st centuries does not lose its importance; moreover, their self-development in art gives a new driving force to fine art. Among such historically formed archetypes are the Great Mother, Hero, Tree of Life, Road (Ladder) and Fish. These symbolic images are implemented in different ways in the works of famous masters of the Primorsky Territory, such as V.S. Chebotarev, K.I. Shebeko, I.V. Rybachuk, R.V. Tushkin, V.A. Goncharenko, N.P Zhogolev, I.A. Kuznetsov, A.V. Teleshov, G.A. Omelchenko. The authors of the article identify archetypes that change their appearance in a new cultural and historical environment, but are recognizable due to the constant iconographic schemes and personal characteristics of a particular master. A new working term «axiological archetype» is proposed, which is consonant with the concept of «value archetype», which is based on the mental and value attitudes of society, expressed by the artist by means of visual arts, iconographic schemes, revealed through understanding the logic of hidden meaning. The use of an interdisciplinary approach made it possible to adapt the axiological approach to art history analysis and to present the visual arts of Primorye as a value phenomenon in the historical context of the development of Russian fine arts.
Determining Biological Activity of Soils to Maintain the Balance of the Urban Ecosystem
Authors: Nikulina Anna , Sachkova Elizaveta , Bubnova Lyudmila
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the current problem of spatial changes in the biological activity of soils within the territories that are subject to various degrees of anthropogenic load. Changes in the structure and functions of separate components of soil causes restructuring in operation of the urban ecosystem in general and requires constant monitoring. To study the self-restoring capacity of urban soils, biological activity of soils in different areas of Academgorodok District of Irkutsk was evaluated. Methods of determination of biological activity of soils with the help of indicators of cellulosolytic, protease and urease activity were used. It was shown that, under anthropogenic impact, soils of different areas develop adaptive mechanisms, the activity of which is aimed at enhancing resistance to human negative impact on the environment (oil pollution, reduction of vegetation). The data obtained as a result of the research characterize the ability of the studied soils to self-repair and can be used to develop methods for soil restoration within an urban area.
Genetic parameters for ultrasound-evaluated carcass and body traits in Anglo-Nubian goats
Authors: Figueiredo-Filho Luiz AS , Sarmento José LR , Campelo José EG , Santos Natanael PS , Sena Luciano S , Torres Tatiana S
Published: February 2021

Background: Meat goat breeding programs should prioritize the identification and selection of genetically superior animals for traits related to meat quality and carcass yield in order to increase the value of the final product. Objective: To estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters for ultrasound-measured carcass traits, body size and body weight in AngloNubian breed goats raised in the Mid-North region of Brazil. Methods: (Co)variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using the single and two-trait animal model analyses via Bayesian inference for loin eye dimensions (area, length, and depth), sternal fat thickness, rump height, chest circumference and depth, leg perimeter, and body weight. Results: Heritability estimates were higher when two-trait analyses were used. This finding implies that it is possible to recover part of the additive genetic variance included in the residual variance due to the correlation between traits. Genetic correlations between carcass and body size traits showed different magnitudes. On the other hand, genetic correlations between the traits related to muscularity showed high magnitudes. Conclusions: Body weight was not a good indicator of muscularity; therefore, it is not recommended as a criterion for indirect selection to improve carcass traits of Anglo-Nubian goats. Leg perimeter and chest circumference may be important to construct selection indexes in meat goat breeding programs.
Modelos de enseñanza de la escritura en los libros de texto de educación primaria
Authors: Núñez Cortés Juan Antonio , Barrado Mendo Andrea
Published: February 2021

Los estudios sobre enseñanza de la escritura en los libros de texto no han abundado tanto como los de otros aspectos como la comprensión lectora o la ortografía. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el modelo de enseñanza de la escritura existente en los libros de texto del sexto curso de educación primaria, así como la incidencia de la legislación. La metodología utilizada es el análisis de contenido cualitativo y la recogida de información se realiza a través de categorías que contemplan estrategias propias del modelo de producto y proceso de escritura, con sus respectivas fases. Los resultados muestran un incremento en las actividades centradas en el proceso de escritura en los manuales posteriores a la LOMCE frente a los de la LOE. Se percibe, así, el impacto de la legislación en el cambio de la enseñanza de la escritura a través de los libros de texto.
Educación transdisciplinar para la sostenibilidad. Análisis cualitativo de actividades didácticas
Authors: Echegoyen Sanz Yolanda , Martín Ezpeleta Antonio
Published: February 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cualitativamente las actividades didácticas destinadas a estudiantes de Educación Infantil y Primaria diseñadas por 98 maestros y maestras en formación (la mitad de los cuales cursaban una asignatura prototípica de ciencias y la otra mitad una asignatura prototípica de letras) dentro del marco de una secuencia didáctica socioformativa. Esta última tenía por objetivo la sensibilización en materia de sostenibilidad, así como la reflexión didáctica sobre la transdisciplinariedad. El análisis realizado muestra la heterogeneidad de las actividades, entre las que destacan las que sirven para potenciar la creatividad y la comprensión lectora de los niños y niñas. Aunque se encuentran diferencias entre el número y el tipo de actividades propuestas por los estudiantes dependiendo del grupo de ciencias o letras, el análisis estadístico demuestra que estas diferencias no son significativas, evidenciando el rendimiendo educativo de la secuencia didáctica y la posibilidad de una educación para la sostenibilidad transdisciplinar.
Structural features of the temporomandibular joint in patients with gnathic mesial occlusion
Authors: Mallaeva A. B. , Drobysheva N. S.
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the structural features of the temporomandibular joint in patients with a gnatic form of mesial occlusion of the dentition. Materials and methods. In studying the structural features of the facial skull in patients with gnatic mesial occlusion, the height of the condylar process was separately evaluated in the course of the study in order to avoid the incorrect measurement of the branch height in cases of degenerative changes in the condylar process. Results. The structural features of the temporomandibular joint were determined in 50 adult patients (aged 1844 years old) using cone-beam computed tomography.Сonclusion. Patients with gnathic mesial occlusion of the asymmetric group showed identical articular spaces (anterior and posterior) in the sagittal direction on both the deviating and non-deviating sides, suggesting that the bilateral relationship between the head and fossa may be as symmetrical as in patients with symmetry. However, the axial condylar angle had a bilateral difference only among patients in the asymmetric group; namely, it was significantly greater on the side of the deviating condyle.
The institutions of fiduciary (trust) management and testamentary foundations in Russia and Germany: comparative analysis
Authors: Gorbunov Zakhar , Albov Alexey , Kupriyanova Lyudmila , Sokolinskaya Nataliya
Published: February 2021

The study was aimed to consider the existing institutions of fiduciary management of hereditary property and testamentary foundations in Russian and German legislation, to compare the institute of testamentary foundations with the fiduciary management of hereditary property in the legislation of the Russian Federation, to identify similarities and differences between Russian testamentary foundations and German (posthumous) testamentary foundations. Such research methods as comparative legal analysis, synthesis, analysis, formal-logical and other methods of scientific research have been employed within the study conducted. The article presents the results of a comparative legal analysis of Russian and German legislations and points out potential challenges in Russian law enforcement practice. Comparative legal analysis and comparison of the current Russian legislation with the experience of legislative regulation of (posthumous) testamentary foundations in the Federal Republic of Germany allowed to reveal a tendency of adopting the positive experience of German law.
Responsabilidad Social Pública para contribuir a la consolidación de los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Santa Fajardo Laura Michel , Bom-Camargo Yomeida Inmaculada , Fajardo Calderón Constanza Loreth , Macías Ramírez Victor Hernando
Published: February 2021

El propósito del artículo es investigar el corpus literario sobre el papel de la Responsabilidad Social Pública (RSP) para contribuir desarrollo sostenible; discute la necesidad de la transformación a un enfoque unido de todos los niveles de la sociedad y sus organizaciones desde diferentes índoles para lograr desde una administración pública socialmente responsable la implementación de la Agenda 2030, en la acción de estrategias para que los Estados Miembros le apunten a aportar a la consolidación de los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). El diseño metodológico, se trabajó desde un enfoque cualitativo con un alcance hermenéutico-comprensivo, realizando un análisis observacional y retrospectivo sobre una base de datos que contiene 44 publicaciones en idioma inglés publicados entre 2001 y 2020 (febrero). Como hallazgos y resultados, el análisis bibliográfico identificó que la investigación sobre la RSP está vinculada al concepto de la sostenibilidad y centrada en la importancia de las acciones tangibles, por lo cual se logró establecer una relación desde los atributos primordiales que fomentan la gestión socialmente responsable de la administración pública de las entidades de los Estados Parte, hacia la contribución de los ODS de una manera inclusiva, sostenible y resiliente, lo cual constituye un compromiso universal. En síntesis, este documento contribuye a la literatura sobre RSP como un conductor para los ODS, proporcionando una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre estos temas bajo la perspectiva de la gestión socialmente responsable para un desarrollo sostenible.
Artificial Intelligence: Implication on Management
Authors: Ballamudi Venkata Koteswara Rao
Published: February 2021

The advancement in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is surging and it is at the center of improved output. Consequent to the advancement in the science of AI, human-to-machine interactions are facilitated, business models and logic now vary, and the lifestyle, as well as the living standards of humans, has changed. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is often regarded as a complex unit. There are many descriptions and numerous more impressions of what makes up Artificial Intelligence. The risk implications of Artificial Intelligence vary and it’s dependent on the degree of its usage. The advantages of artificial intelligence outnumber the risks it conveys, particularly in the world of business usage and its application is resulting in a world that is innovative and smarter. With the expectation that professions will be impacted, it conveys immediate effect on firms, their workers, and organizational management. The current study sought to answer some research questions; Is there knowledge about the effects of Artificial Intelligence on management? What is the current prediction for the future of management as it relates to the emergence of Artificial Intelligence? Does the current study specify the duties of middle managers in the future following the rise in AI? It adopted the systematic literature review approach where relevant literature is selected and used for the analysis.  Following Jesson, Matheson & Lacey (2011) approach to systematic review to include; (a) Mapping the area through a scoping review, b) Detailed domain search, c) Quality appraisal, d) Data gathering e) Synthesis, and f) Report writing, over 100 papers on the subject were selected. On screening, it was reduced to about 15 papers with a direct relationship on the subject. The study found out that; AI is a necessary evil to and for the future of firms.  It will have varying degrees of effect on management. AI technology will discharge managerial assignments and will be helpful in addressing management challenges. Managers and management, therefore, need to get new competencies and skills to tap into new frontiers that are AI-based.
Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Caballero T
Published: February 2021

Hereditary angioedema due to C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease. In the last decade, new drugs and new indications for old drugs have played a role in the management of C1-INH-HAE. This review examines current therapy for C1-INH-HAE and provides a brief summary of drugs that are under development. Increased knowledge of the pathophysiology of C1-INH-HAE has been crucial for advances in the field, with inhibition of the kallikrein-kinin system (plasma kallikrein, activated factor XII) as a key area in the discovery of new drugs, some of which are already marketed for treatment of C1-INH-HAE. Pharmacological treatment is based on 3 pillars: treatment of acute angioedema attacks (on-demand treatment), short-term (preprocedure) prophylaxis, and long-term prophylaxis. The 4 drugs that are currently available for the treatment of acute angioedema attacks (purified plasma-derived human C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate, icatibant acetate, ecallantide, recombinant human C1 esterase inhibitor) are all authorized for self-administration, except ecallantide. Purified plasma-derived human C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate is the treatment of choice for short-term prophylaxis. Tranexamic acid, danazol, intravenous and subcutaneous nanofiltered purified plasma-derived human C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate, and lanadelumab can be used for long-term prophylaxis. New drugs are being investigated, mainly as long-term prophylaxis, and are aimed at blocking the kallikrein-kinin system by means of antiprekallikrein, antikallikrein, and anti–activated FXII action.
Quando o negacionismo vai a júri: um filme sobre liberdade de expressão e agressão à democracia
Authors: Parisi Piergiuseppe , Benevides Pinheiro Laíze Gabriela
Published: February 2021

Quando a oportunidade de escrever uma resenha sobre Negação (Denial) (2016) para esta revista se apresentou, perguntei-me qual seria a relevância desse filme no contexto específico do Brasil hoje. Além disso, compartilhar esse espaço com um colega que esteve na vanguarda dos protestos sociais que encheram as ruas do Rio de Janeiro levantou uma discussão sobre minha perspectiva eurocêntrica.
تطوير وتنفيذ حملات توعية عامة حول سرطان الثدي في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة: دراسة حالة لإمارة رأس الخيمة
Authors: أبو عواد دانية , حسين سيدة , جي ماكي مارتن , سي برينان وباتريك
Published: February 2021

يعتبر سرطان الثدي السبب وراء أكثر وفيات السرطان في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة، وهو أكثر أنواع السرطان شيوعًا بين النساء في الدولة. بالوقت الحالي، لا تزال مشاركة النساء في فحوصات سرطان الثدي منخفضة في دولة الإمارات، بالرغم من تشخيص النساء في مراحل متقدمة من المرض، مما يؤثر سلبًا على عملية تشخيص المرض ومعدلات البقاء على قيد الحياة. سيتيح الكشف المبكر توفير المزيد من خيارات العلاج، ويحسّن ظروف البقاء على قيد الحياة، ويقلل من عدد الوفيات المبكرة. تحتاج حملات التوعية الصحية وخدمات الفحص إلى دراسة العوائق التي تمنع النساء في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة من إجراء الفحوصات المبكرة، وستساعد على ترويج طرق مستهدفة لتشجيع مشاركة النساء الإماراتيات وغير الإماراتيات على حد سواء على إجراء الفحوصات المبكرة. تستكشف ورقة السياسة هذه استفادة واستخدام النساء لخدمات فحص سرطان الثدي والخدمات الصحية الأخرى المتوفرة التي تقدم للنساء في دولة الإمارات، وتركز ايضاً على التعرف على وجهات نظر وتصورات أفراد المجتمع، لأن ذلك يقدم تفسير حول ردود أفعالهم وخياراتهم، بهدف زيادة الوعي وتنفيذ استراتيجيات وحملات فعالة، والتواصل بفعالية اكبر، وتعزيز مستوى المعرفة لدى الاخصائيين المهنيين الصحيين حول ممارسات فحص الثدي، وتوعية المجتمع حول الدور المهم الذي تلعبه المنظمات والمؤسسات في تثقيف المرضى. من خلال الاعتماد على تصورات ووجهات نظر النساء والممرضات وممثلي المنظمات الصحية، تختتم ورقة السياسة هذه برفع مجموعة من التوصيات لدعم الحملات العامة الفعالة لمحاربة مرض سرطان الثدي وتعزيز مستوى مشاركة النساء لإجراء فحص الثدي.
Depressão, ansiedade, autorregulação emocional, percepção do suporte social e familiar em escolares
Authors: Baptista Makilim Nunes , Oliveira Katya Luciane De , Beluce Andrea Carvalho , Peixoto Evandro Morais
Published: February 2021

Esta é uma pesquisa longitudinal realizada em um município do norte do estado do Paraná, no ano de 2019, cujo objetivo foi analisar, em um grupo de escolares, se a depressão, ansiedade, percepção dos suportes social/familiar e a autorregulação emocional se modificavam em razão do sexo e do início da menarca. Aplicou-instrumentos validados no Brasil para avaliar ansiedade, depressão, autorregulação emocional e percepção dos suportes social e familiar. Participaram 453 escolares, de uma escola pública, do 6º ao 9º ano do fundamental, das quais 58,3% do sexo feminino. As meninas obtiveram escores maiores em ansiedade somático/vegetativo, cognitivo e paralização, pessimismo, avaliação da experiência e nos escores negativos da autorregulação e maior sintomatologia depressiva. Meninas que já tiveram a menarca apresentaram maior sintomatologia de ansiedade somático/vegetativo e na ansiedade geral, além de maiores pontuações em paralização, pessimismo e na combinação das dimensões negativas da autorregulação. Também tiveram menores escores no enfrentamento de problemas e na Percepção de Suporte Social, maior sintomatologia depressiva e mais inadaptação em relação à família. Meninos e meninas podem ter funcionamento distintos e há que se olhar para as questões orgânicas também como associadas a esse funcionamento, como é o caso da menarca nas meninas.
Pensar sobre o passado: o pensamento contrafactual na depressão e na vitimização
Authors: Justino Florença Lúcia Coelho , Schelini Patrícia Waltz , Faccioli Juliana Sarantopoulos , França Alex Bacadini , Casatti Denise , Foresto Emanuelle Dos Passos
Published: February 2021

Esta é uma pesquisa quantitativa, realizada em 2018 em duas cidades do interior de São Paulo, com o objetivo de caracterizar contrafactos de dois grupos de mulheres. O material utilizado no método foi a Técnica de Avaliação do Pensamento Contrafactual em Adultos, que inclui cinco histórias a serem modificadas pelas participantes. Participaram 18 mulheres com indicativos de depressão e 16 vítimas de violência intrafamiliar. Pensamentos produzidos a partir da primeira questão do material foram classificados como: Contrafactuais Espontâneos, entendidos como elaborações que modificavam o enredo; e Livres, constatações sobre o enredo sem modificá-lo. Foram denominados Pensamentos Contrafactuais sob Escolha de Alternativa Pré-Definida as alternativas de modificação escolhidas na terceira questão do material. Constatou-se frequência maior de contrafactuais espontâneos no grupo de vitimizadas. Os pensamentos dos dois grupos foram, em maioria, ascendentes, subtrativos, autorreferentes e relativos às categorias ação e obrigação. Os pensamentos contrafactuais sob escolha de alternativa foram similares entre os grupos.
Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Indonesian Version of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision, and Nurse Teacher Scale (CLES + T)
Authors: Sommers Christine L. , Mambu Ian Ruddy , McKenna Lisa , Reisenhofer Sonia , McCaughan Julie
Published: February 2021

Background and Purpose

The purpose of this article is to describe an evaluation of psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision, and Nurse Teacher (CLES + T) scale, a scale that measures nursing students' perceptions of their clinical learning environment.

Methods

The CLES + T was completed by 292 nursing students. Inter-item correlations, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and evidence of validity were used to examine reliability and validity.

Results

Four factors were extracted that explained 58% of the variance. Cronbach alphas ranged from .86–.95. Wording to describe different titles of supervisors was unclear to some of the participants.

Conclusion

The Indonesian version of the CLES + T is a reliable version. More research is needed to clarify some of the wording.
Pilot Validation Study on the Tavistock Relationships Observational Scale (TROS) for the Assessment of the Quality of Dyadic Relationships in Couples in Which One Partner Has Dementia
Authors: Polek Ela , Balfour Andrew , Williams Aduramigba , Monger Emily
Published: February 2021

Background and Purpose

Many people with dementia are cared for by their spouses. Poor quality of the dyadic relationship is a known risk factor for carer burden and mistreatment of the person with dementia. This study aimed to design and cross validate the Tavistock Relationships Observational Scale (TROS) for assessment of the quality of the relationship in such couples.

Methods

The study was conducted within the context of the therapeutic intervention with n = 11 couples. Couples' video-recorded interactions were assessed independently by three psychologists using the 13-item TROS.

Results

Cronbach alphas of the scale computed for the three raters were in the range 0.76–0.88 (on average 0.83), thus demonstrating high internal consistency of the scale. Fleiss Kappa coefficient for the three rates computed for 22 assessed videos ranged between 0.45 (moderate agreement) and 0.85 (almost perfect agreement) with 50% of coefficients being above 0.50, suggesting the good performance of the TROS in terms of yielding a satisfactory inter-rater agreement. The TROS also showed good external validity when using as validation criteria caregiving partner's burden (measured with the Zarid Burden Interview: the scales Social burden [Rho = −0.65, p = 0.021] and Role strain [Rho = −0.68, p = 0.014]), depression of the person with dementia (measured with the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia: Rho = −0.78, p = 0.020), and relationship satisfaction of the caregiving partner (measured with the dyadic adjustment scale: Rho = 0.52, p = 0.038). The TROS also showed a good capacity to detect the change in scores from time 1 to time 2; moreover, power analysis showed that the TROS can detect the change in scores even in very small samples (n = 5 couples).

Conclusions

The TROS may be a useful tool for a standardized assessment of the quality of dyadic relationships in couples with dementia in research, nursing, or clinical settings to assist clinical psychologist, nurses, or social workers in a preliminary evaluation of the situation of couples with dementia, to choose a suitable care or intervention, to assess the effectiveness of interventions focusing on improvement of dyadic relationships, or to assess the risk of spousal abuse or neglect of a person with dementia.
Publikowanie w sieci jako reakcja odbiorcy na przekaz masowy w interakcji medialnej
Authors: Granat Anna
Published: February 2021

The article demonstrates the mass media receiver, who interacts with media and after reading, listening or watching the content online reacts by web publishing. The article presents examples of such reactions in the form of texts, obtained as a result of expe-rimental research (hidden ethnographic participant observation, survey auto-ethnography, in-depth, standardized/structured individual interview), which subjects them to qualitative research. This rese-arch consists in the analysis of the content and its form by using methods dedicated to examine lingu-istic pragmatics and interactionism.Therefore, it is assumed that the individual receiver participates in the media interaction, which I understand as the mutually indirect interaction of the sender and the receiver in media communica-tion process. The receiver’s reaction in this process may be, among others, online publishing, which is named as “surfer commentary”.
Rock jako nośnik treści. Analiza tematów piosenek z lat osiemdziesiątych XX wieku i drugiej dekady XXI wieku
Authors: Różalska Marianna
Published: February 2021

The aim of the work is to reconstruct the content, methods and reasons for communicating in Polish rock songs. Based on the analysis of discourse and content analysis, the corpora of works created during the years 1982–1986 and 2010–2019 were examined and compared. Two techniques were used: lexical thematic analysis and collocation context analysis. The research material was extracted from the charts of Polish Radio Three. A far-reaching evolution of Polish rock has been observed. It has transformed from a medium of criticism of the authorities and society into a record of personal reflections and ex-periences, a carrier of ontological and existential content. Along with the message, the genre’s functions and attitude towards pop culture has also changed. Contestation and alternativity have given way to emotionality and individual orientation. The songs ceased to mobilise and make society aware, and began to fulfil a therapeutic and aesthetical function.
Bohaterowie w multimedialnym storytellingu
Authors: Śmigiel Łukasz
Published: February 2021

The text concerns a very complex and multifaceted phenomenon of the creation of heroes and heroines in various media messages that take the form of a story. The need to analyze this problem results from the author’s personal experience in building storytelling in advertising, on radio platforms, in the press and in the case of fictional publications. This phenomenon is related not only to the fundamental issues for creating effective communication in the media space (cinematography, literature) but also to pre-viously unknown, innovative forms of building stories (e.g. in podcasting, video games, or applications dedicated to virtual assistants and assistants).
Spotkanie dwóch kobiet — Rosa Montero i Maria Skłodowska-Curie
Authors: Kolankowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2021

The idea of the article is to describe the relationship between the journalist and writer Rosa Montero and Maria Skłodowska-Curie that was aroused as an effect of the work on the explorer’s diary. Montero was supposed to create a prologue to Maria’s diary written after her husband’s tragic death, but the text con-verted into a book. La ridícula idea de no volver a verte is an example of the combination of journalism and literature as an experiment; it takes the form of an intertextual dialogue between the transmitters (Rosa, Maria) and the recipient (Rosa who is reading Maria’s diary, the reader that is reading Rosa’s and Maria’s texts). In the stormy life of Skłodowska-Curie, Rosa finds elements binding her own experiences as well as those of other women. By introducing highlights in the form of hashtags, she pays attention to the universal problems of women: she sees that there are many aspects that bound not only Polish and Spanish women, but all the representatives of that sex living in a world dominated by men. She shows, step by step, the efforts of the Polish explorer, underlying at the same time, her emotionality and the capacity of manipulating the word. Rosa proves that words are the element that makes possible the interaction between her, Maria, and the reader, who is forced to reflect and cannot stay indifferent to the message directed to him. Montero also shows the way in which words permit us to adjust to the pain and suffering after a loss of a loved one, and find inner peace.
El español y el inglés en Puerto Rico. El impacto de la globalización
Authors: Kaganiec-Kamieńska Anna
Published: February 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre la situación lingüística actual de Puerto Rico en relación con los procesos de globalización sin perder de vista la trayectoria histórica de la coexistencia de los dos idiomas, las políticas culturales y lingüísticas implementadas en la isla y el desarrollo de la identidad puertorriqueña.
Los miedos naturales. Naturaleza y recursos narrativos del terror en la narrativa hispanoamericana: José Eustasio Rivera, Horacio Quiroga y Samantha Schweblin
Authors: Pindel Tomasz
Published: February 2021

El motivo literario de las relaciones entre el hombre y la naturaleza tiene una larga tradición en la narrativa hispanoamericana. Los elementos de terror aparecen a menudo en sus textos. El análisis de tres ejemplos narrativos (Rivera, Quiroga y Schweblin) muestra tanto los cambios en el tratamiento del tema como los diferentes usos de los componentes típicos de la historia de terror.
Hacia una clasificación automatizada de los alófonos de /s/ en el español guayaquileño
Authors: Sawicka-Stępińska Brygida
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo generar una manera de clasificar automáticamente los alófonos de /s/ retenidos y debilitados tras encontrar una correspondencia entre sus parámetros acústicos y el tipo cualitativo de la realización. El conjunto de datos utilizado para este studio proviene del CHARG (Corpus de Habla Radiofónica de Guayaquil). Los parámetros considerados para la descripción acústica de la consonante fricativa en cuestión son: la duración (DUR), el centro de gravedad (COG) y el porcentaje de ensordecimiento (UNVOI). Esta elección se fundamenta en la ratificación de su valor indicativo de la lenición del fonema. Para llevar a cabo la tarea, se extrajeron los valores de los parámetros acústicos. Como siguiente paso, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente el 30% de las observaciones y se clasificaron perceptivamente como retenidas o debilitadas. El análisis estadístico reveló una correlación débil pero significativa entre los parámetros, y una correlación satisfactoria entre los valores de DUR/COG/UNVOI y los resultados de la evaluación perceptiva de las fricativas. El presente estudio es una etapa inicial para elaborar un algoritmo entrenado para la clasificación de consonantes en categorías discretas basadas en medidas acústicas objetivas, trabajando con grandes bases de datos obtenidos fuera de laboratorio.
Formuła Radbrucha w świetle krytyki Herberta L.A. Harta
Authors: Jabłoński Paweł
Published: February 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza formuły Radbrucha z punktu widzenia krytyki prze-prowadzonej przez Herberta L.A. Harta. Na użytek niniejszego tekstu wyróżniam dwa podstawowe argumenty obecne w rozważaniach Harta, które określam jako pojęciowy i empiryczny. Argument pojęciowy polega na wskazaniu, że nie należy mieszać problemu istnienia prawa z zagadnieniem jego przestrzegania. Argument empiryczny z kolei polega na zanegowaniu tego, że uległość społeczeństwa niemieckiego wobec zbrodniczych rządów Hitlera miała swoje źródło w przyjęciu pozytywistycznego sposobu myślenia. Podstawowa hipoteza artykułu głosi, że między systemami teoretycznymi tych dwóch gigantów filozofii prawa zachodzą znacznie ciekawsze interakcje, niż by to wynikało z argumentów Harta. Co więcej, wydaje się, że napięcie między tymi dwoma sposobami myślenia nie musi być aż tak duże, jak przedstawia to autor Pojęcia prawa i jak to często się dziś przyjmuje. Nakreślone wyżej zadanie realizuję w kilku krokach. Po uwagach wprowadzających porządkuję problem podstawy rekonstrukcji formuły Radbrucha. Następnie odtwarzam treść tej formuły, sygnalizując przy tym kilka wątpliwości interpretacyjnych. W dalszej kolejności rekonstruuję zarzuty podnoszone wobec niej przez Harta, proponując sprowadzenie ich do dwóch podstawowych. W kolejnych częściach tekstu podejmuję dyskusję z tymi argumentami oraz wskazuję pewną możliwość przekonfigurowania omawianego sporu.Propozycja ta nawiązuje z jednej strony do prac Briana H. Bixa, a z drugiej do Kantowskiej figury współpracy rozumu teoretycznego i praktycznego. Jako to miejsce koncepcji Harta, w które można wpisać formułę Radbrucha, wskazuję regułę uznania. Autor Pojęcia prawa w swojej teorii nie rozstrzyga kształtu reguły uznania konkretnych porządków prawnych, a jedynie tworzy ogólny model teoretyczny. Nie wyklucza więc, że w jakimś porządku prawnym zaistnieje taka reguła uznania, która będzie łączyć się z kryterium moralnym. W tym momencie kończy się praca rozumu teoretycznego, a zaczyna praktycznego. Formułę Radbrucha można bowiem potraktować jako wynikający z traumatycznej sytuacji historycznej apel rozumu praktycznego, by włączyć klauzule łączone z tezą odmowy lub tezą lekceważenia do reguły uznania współczesnych porządków prawnych. Rozum praktyczny proponuje więc rozstrzygnięcie tego, co rozum teoretyczny pozostawia otwarte.
Strengthening Community Program toward Healthy Ageing: What are the Potential Interventions?
Authors: Rahayu Endang Mariani , Adi Nuri Purwito , Khoe Levina Chandra
Published: February 2021

Background: The number of elderly populations is increasing each year. As the number of elderly populations increases, the risk of non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, stroke, will also increase. The main risk factors for this disease include unhealthy diet, inadequate physical activity, smoking, inadequate rest, frequent stress and etc., which are considered as individual's lifestyle. This lifestyle starts when the individual grows up. Therefore, health interventions must be carried out since the individual turns to adulthood in order to prepare themselves for healthy ageing.Purpose: This study aimed to review the conceptual framework necessary to develop public health programs in preparation for healthy aging.Discussion: In the preparation for healthy ageing, health interventions should be conducted by targeting the adult population. The health interventions should be based on the theory of behavior change, life-course approach, and ecological approach. In addition, with the advancement of technology, the health interventions can also be carried out by involving digital intervention. The contextual elements, such as social, cultural and psychological context are also important in implementing the program so that it can be accepted by the targeted community.Conclusion: There is no intervention that fits all levels of society. Therefore, the interventions must be developed specifically for the population according to the local context.
Analysis of Factors Related to Nursing Student Self Wareness in Doing Screening for Psychosocial Problems
Authors: Putri Verantika Setya , Yusuf Ah , Tristiana Rr Dian
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Mental health knowledge is a substantial part of mental health literacy. Many psychosocial problems are transient and are often not noticed. This study aimed to analyze the factors related to student self-awareness in conducting psychosocial screening.Methods: This study used a descriptive-analytic design with cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya. A total of 160 respondents was chosen using simple random sampling techniques. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The dependent variable in this study was students’ awareness in conducting psychosocial problems screening. The independent variables in this study were knowledge, social interaction, family support, perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-confidence. Analysis used multiple linear regression statistical tests.Results: The results showed there was a relationship between social interaction (p=0.00), perceived vulnerability (p=0.00), perceived benefits (p=0.001) and self-confidence (p=0,000) with students’ self-awareness in conducting psychosocial screening. There was no relationship between knowledge (p=0.555), family support (p=0.720), perceived severity (p=0.070), perceived barriers (p=0.748) with students’ self-awareness in conducting psychosocial screening.Conclusion:Mental health awareness in nursing student should be enhanced and strengthened with health education. Self-awareness of mental health is important for students. This can prevent mental disorders in the future
Reducing Labor Pain Intensity within First Stage Active Phase through Hegu LI 4 Acupressure and Quranic Recital Method
Authors: Azizah Nurul , Rosyidah Rafhani , Mahfudloh Hanik
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Labor pain is one of the greatest pains experienced by a woman in their life. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of acupressure and Quranic recital on labor pain reduction.Methods: The study design uses quasi-experiment with comparison between pretest and posttest on non-equivalent control group. Samples were as many as 30 laboring mothers in each group, totaling 60 samples who had been chosen through consecutive sampling technique. The labor pain was assessed through the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) then analyzed univariately with mean and standard deviation, followed by independent T-sample statistical test such as bivariate analysis.Results: The average pain reduction score in the Hegu LI 4 acupressure group was higher than the Quranic recital of Surah Ar-Rahman group. The acupressure group average pain reduction was 3.03 ± 0.718 while the Quranic recital group was 2.57 ± 1.006. The difference in the average score of independent T-test was significant with the P < 0.007 and 95% C.I. -0.919-( -0.015)Conclusion: Hegu LI 4 acupressure and Quranic recital of Surah Ar-Rahman treatments were promising and may be utilized to reduce labor pain intensity within labor’s first stage active phase. Hegu LI 4 acupressure group   had a greater reduction in labor pain intensity than the Quranic recital of Surah Ar-Rahman group. This study suggests that Hegu LI 4 can be utilized to reduce labor pain as a non-pharmacological therapy.