Toxicity and Virucidal Activity of Chlorine Dioxide Disinfectant
Authors: CHECHET OLHA , KOVALENKO VYACHESLAV , HAIDEI OLHA , POLUPAN IVAN , RUDOI OLEKSII 
Published: September 2022

The implementation of intensive technologies to produce livestock products requires the use of disinfectants at all stages. Analysis of the effectiveness of disinfectants begins with testing at the stage of creating or selecting substances, since different disinfectants have different activity against microorganisms, are toxic, immunosuppressive, and cause long-term effects on animals. This necessitates further development and research of preparations with optimal toxicity and virucidal action. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity and virucidal effect of the new Diolide disinfectant, specifically on such samples as Aujeszky's disease virus, swine enzootic encephalomyelitis virus (Teschen disease) and rabies virus. The study was conducted according to national and international guidelines for the characterisation of virucidal properties of new disinfectants. The toxicity of Diolide disinfectant was investigated under protein load conditions in SPEV and BHK-21/C13 cell cultures. The virucidal activity of the Diolide disinfectant was determined under protein load conditions on models of shell viruses of Aujeszky's disease (Arsky strain) and rabies virus (CVS-11 strain) and using shell-free virus of enzootic encephalomyelitis of swine (Perechinsky-642 strain). The toxicity of Diolide disinfectant was determined for 0.16% (400 mg/l), 0.1% (250 mg/l), 0.06% (150 mg/l), 0.02% (50 mg/l), 0.008% (20 mg/l) and 0.004% (10 mg/l) concentrations of chlorine dioxide with an exposure time of 30 and 60 minutes. The virucidal effect of the preparation was determined for 0.1% (250 mg/l), 0.06% (150 mg/l), 0.02% (50 mg/l), 0.008% (20 mg/L) and 0.004% (10 mg/l) concentrations relative to the working dilutions of viral suspensions: for the Aujeszky's disease virus – 5.3 CPE50/ml – for swine enzootic encephalomyelitis virus – 5.5 CPE50/ml, for rabies virus – 5.5 TCID50/ml. The results of the study showed that Diolide disinfectant is non-toxic to transplanted SPEV and BHK-21/C13 cell cultures in 0.1% (250 mg/l), 0.06% (150 mg/l), 0.02% (50 mg/l), 0.008% (20 mg/l) and 0.004% (10 mg/l) concentrations of chlorine dioxide. The preparation is 100% virucidal against enveloped viruses such as Aujeszky's disease virus (Arsky strain) and rabies virus (CVS-11 strain) in concentrations from 0.1% (250 mg/l) to 0.004% (10 mg/l) when exposed for 30–60 minutes under protein load conditions. It has 100% virucidal activity against the shell-free enzootic encephalomyelitis virus of swine (Perechinsky-642 strain) in concentrations from 0.1% (250 mg/l) to 0.004% (10 mg/l) at an exposure of 60 minutes and in concentrations from 0.1% (250 mg/l) to 0.008% (20 mg/l) at an exposure of 30 minutes under protein load conditions. The coefficient of reduction of infectious activity of the enzootic encephalomyelitis virus of swine (Perechinsky-642 strain) established in experiments after 30 minutes of exposure with the Diolide disinfectant at a concentration of 0.004% (10 mg/l) under protein load conditions exceeded 4 lg (4.47 lg CPE50/0.02 ml), which indicates a high virucidal activity of the Diolide disinfectant. Further research may be aimed at further increasing the virucidal activity of the disinfectant.