bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Moderation Education: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis on Identity Reconstruction in Polite Islamic Literacy Ambassadors
Authors: Guritno Sari Asih , Lessy Zulkipli , Ahmad Mokbul Morshed
Published: February 2023

Purpose – Literasi Islam Santun’s or LISAN’s program stresses the necessity for religious moderation education around State Universities. Millennials are the main target of this program. It is clearly seen that intolerant values on social media considerably affect their personal and social identity so it further requires an understanding of how to establish identity reconstruction in millennials who become the ambassadors of LISAN. The purpose of this research is to find out how self-and social identity reconstruction in students who become LISAN Ambassadors.

Design/methods/approach – The research is qualitative research with an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach. The data source of this study is millennials who participated in the ambassadors of LISAN. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews and collection of essay writings by research subjects.

Findings – The results of this study showed that according to the analysis of two main superordinates and the five subordinate themes presented by seven informants, it can be concluded that the reconstruction of the informants’ identity as the ambassador of LISAN involves important aspects in the process of individual development, namely cognitive, emotional and behavioral. Thus, this gives rise to a new identity that makes them become individuals as the LISAN’s ambassadors who have new behaviors that are more moderate and tolerant.

Research limitation – The study has limitations as it covers only a small number of respondents in one locus. Future research is suggested to investigate a wide range of respondents.

Originality/value – The research contributes to motivating academics for promoting moderation in practicing faith and religion in the milieu of State University.
Evaluating The Effectiveness of Blended Learning during Covid-19 on Students’ Learning Achievement: A Case Study in terms of Islamic Education
Authors: Subiyantoro Subiyantoro
Published: February 2023

Purpose – This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of blended learning during the Covid-19 pandemic on students’ learning achievements at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Prambanan.

Design/methods/approach – This research was conducted by means of a descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The collected data were analyzed by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions.

Findings – This study revealed that blended learning had not been able to achieve the desired learning objectives, since it had not been able to reflect the value of Islamic education as seen from students’ lack of manners, particularly to teachers. This fact is attributed to several factors: 1) Teachers’ lack of monitoring on students’ development and associations during the pandemic 2) lack of motivation to learn, 3) lack of adequate facilities for online learning. To overcome the aforementioned problems, teachers have done the followings based on several aspects: 1) the cognitive aspect, the teachers were proactive by helping students who had learning difficulties during the online learning. 2) affective aspects, teacher set an example to students, trained them to practice regular worship, sharpen their ability to behave honestly, and monitored the development of their attitudes and behaviors through their parents. 3) psychomotor aspect, teachers reopened several extracurricular activities.

Research limitations – The limitations of this research are mainly centered on the limited number of samples observed as case studies at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Prambanan.

Originality/value – The research findings provide an explanation on the effectiveness of blended learning during the Covid-19 pandemic and teachers’ efforts in achieving learning outcomes.
The Implementation of Multicultural Islamic Religious Education Model at Darul Muhajirin Praya High School
Authors: Hamdan Hamdan , Nashuddin Nashuddin , Fadli Adi
Published: February 2023

Purpose – This study aims to find a model and implementation of multicultural Islamic religious education at Darul Muhajirin Praya High School.

Design/methods/approach – This research is qualitative research. The data were obtained through observation, interview, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are the process of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions.

Findings – The model and implementation of multicultural Islamic religious education at Darul Muhajirin Praya High School are illustrated by the existence of a curriculum design that is integrated with the school's vision and a multicultural perspective. The implementation model of multicultural Islamic religious education included the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) methods, Student Leadership Basic Training  (SLBT) programs, and school cultures such as congregational prayers, Friday prayers at the Great Mosque of Praya, religious discussions across schools, and individual and social piety.

Research implications/limitations – This study provides an overview of the model and implementation of multicultural Islamic religious education through the study of case studies in high schools. This study presents findings that can have implications for the direction of determining Islamic education and learning policies in schools. However, this study is limited to the case studies studied so that it allows for different conditions in different cases.

Originality/value – This study found the model and implementation of multicultural Islamic religious education at Darul Muhajirin Praya High School. This study presents findings to fill the gaps that occur in the Islamic religious education process, and this research provides an explanation related to school efforts in managing the reality of multicultural life.
Cache Me If You Can
Authors: Mazmudar Miti , Humphries Thomas , Liu Jiaxiang , Rafuse Matthew , He Xi
Published: February 2023

Differential privacy (DP) allows data analysts to query databases that contain users' sensitive information while providing a quantifiable privacy guarantee to users. Recent interactive DP systems such as APEx provide accuracy guarantees over the query responses, but fail to support a large number of queries with a limited total privacy budget, as they process incoming queries independently from past queries. We present an interactive, accuracy-aware DP query engine,
CacheDP
, which utilizes a differentially private cache of past responses, to answer the current workload at a lower privacy budget, while meeting strict accuracy guarantees. We integrate complex DP mechanisms with our structured cache, through novel cache-aware DP cost optimization. Our thorough evaluation illustrates that
CacheDP
can accurately answer various workload sequences, while lowering the privacy loss as compared to related work.
Bayesian Sketches for Volume Estimation in Data Streams
Authors: Dalt Francesco Da , Scherrer Simon , Perrig Adrian
Published: February 2023

Given large data streams of items, each attributable to a certain key and possessing a certain volume, the aggregate volume associated with a key is difficult to estimate in a way that is both efficient and accurate. On the one hand, exact counting with dedicated counters incurs unacceptable overhead during stream processing. On the other hand, sketch algorithms, i.e., approximate-counting techniques that share counters among keys, have suffered from a trade-off between accuracy and query efficiency: Classic sketch algorithms allow to compute rough estimates in an efficient way, whereas more recent proposals yield highly accurate estimates at the cost of greatly increased computation time.

In this work, we propose three sketch algorithms that overcome this trade-off, computing highly accurate estimates with lightweight procedures. To reconcile these desiderata, we employ novel estimation methods that rely on Bayesian probability theory, counter-cardinality information, and basic machine-learning techniques. The combination of these techniques enables highly accurate estimates, which we demonstrate by both a theoretical worst-case analysis and an experimental evaluation. Concretely, our sketches allow to efficiently produce volume estimates with an average relative error of < 4%, which previous methods could only achieve with computations that are several orders of magnitude more expensive.
PIM-Tree
Authors: Kang Hongbo , Zhao Yiwei , Blelloch Guy E. , Dhulipala Laxman , Gu Yan , McGuffey Charles , Gibbons Phillip B.
Published: February 2023

The performance of today's in-memory indexes is bottlenecked by the memory latency/bandwidth wall. Processing-in-memory (PIM) is an emerging approach that potentially mitigates this bottleneck, by enabling low-latency memory access whose aggregate memory bandwidth scales with the number of PIM nodes. There is an inherent tension, however, between minimizing inter-node communication and achieving load balance in PIM systems, in the presence of workload skew. This paper presents
PIM-tree
, an ordered index for PIM systems that achieves both low communication and high load balance, regardless of the degree of skew in data and queries. Our skew-resistant index is based on a novel division of labor between the host CPU and PIM nodes, which leverages the strengths of each. We introduce
push-pull search
, which dynamically decides whether to push queries to a PIM-tree node or pull the node's keys back to the CPU based on workload skew. Combined with other PIM-friendly optimizations (
shadow subtrees
and
chunked skip lists
), our PIM-tree provides high-throughput, (guaranteed) low communication, and (guaranteed) high load balance, for batches of point queries, updates, and range scans. We implement PIM-tree, in addition to prior proposed PIM indexes, on the latest PIM system from UPMEM, with 32 CPU cores and 2048 PIM nodes. On workloads with 500 million keys and batches of 1 million queries, the throughput using PIM-trees is up to 69.7X and 59.1x higher than the two best prior PIM-based methods. As far as we know these are the first implementations of an ordered index on a real PIM system.
The existence of positive solution for an elliptic problem with critical growth and logarithmic perturbation
Authors: Deng Yinbin , He Qihan , Pan Yiqing , Zhong Xuexiu
Published: February 2023

We consider the existence and nonexistence of the positive solution for the following Brézis-Nirenberg problem with logarithmic perturbation:

−
Δ
u
=

∣

u

∣

2

∗

−
2

u
+
λ
u
+
μ
u
log

u

2

x
∈
Ω
,

u
=
0

x
∈
∂
Ω
,

\left\{\phantom{\rule[-1.25em]{}{0ex}}\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u={| u| }^{{2}^{\ast }-2}u+\lambda u+\mu u\log {u}^{2}\hspace{1.0em}& x\in \Omega ,\\ u=0\hspace{1.0em}& x\in \partial \Omega ,\end{array}\right.

where

Ω
⊂

R

N

\Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}

is a bounded open domain,

λ
,
μ
∈
R

\lambda ,\mu \in {\mathbb{R}}

,

N
≥
3

N\ge 3

and

2

∗

≔

2
N

N
−
2

{2}^{\ast }:= \frac{2N}{N-2}

is the critical Sobolev exponent for the embedding

H

0

1

(

Ω

)

↪

L

2

∗

(

Ω

)

{H}_{0}^{1}\left(\Omega )\hspace{0.33em}\hookrightarrow \hspace{0.33em}{L}^{{2}^{\ast }}\left(\Omega )

. The uncertainty of the sign of

s
log

s

2

s\log {s}^{2}

in

(

0
,
+
∞

)

\left(0,+\infty )

has some interest in itself. We will show the existence of positive ground state solution, which is of mountain pass type provided

λ
∈
R
,
μ
>
0

\lambda \in {\mathbb{R}},\mu \gt 0

and

N
≥
4

N\ge 4

. While the case of

μ
<
0

\mu \lt 0

is thornier. However, for

N
=
3
,
4

N=3,4

,

λ
∈

(

−
∞
,

λ

1

(

Ω

)

)

\lambda \in \left(-\infty ,{\lambda }_{1}\left(\Omega ))

, we can also establish the existence of positive solution under some further suitable assumptions. A nonexistence result is also obtained for

μ
<
0

\mu \lt 0

and

−

(

N
−
2

)

μ

2

+

(

N
−
2

)

μ

2

log

−

(

N
−
2

)

μ

2

+
λ
−

λ

1

(

Ω

)

≥
0

-\frac{\left(N-2)\mu }{2}+\frac{\left(N-2)\mu }{2}\log \left(-\frac{\left(N-2)\mu }{2}\right)+\lambda -{\lambda }_{1}\left(\Omega )\ge 0

if

N
≥
3

N\ge 3

. Comparing with the results in the study by Brézis and Nirenberg (Positive solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations involving critical Sobolev exponents, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 36 (1983), 437–477), some new interesting phenomenon occurs when the parameter

μ

\mu

on logarithmic perturbation is not zero.
A Priori Analysis of a Symmetric Interior Penalty Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method for a Dynamic Linear Viscoelasticity Model
Authors: Jang Yongseok , Shaw Simon
Published: February 2023

The stress-strain constitutive law for viscoelastic materials such as soft tissues, metals at high temperature, and polymers can be written as a Volterra integral equation of the second kind with a fading memory kernel.
This integral relationship yields current stress for a given strain history and can be used in the momentum balance law to derive a mathematical model for the resulting deformation.
We consider such a dynamic linear viscoelastic model problem resulting from using a Dirichlet–Prony series of decaying exponentials to provide the fading memory in the Volterra kernel.
We introduce two types of internal variable to replace the Volterra integral with a system of auxiliary ordinary differential equations and then use a spatially discontinuous symmetric interior penalty Galerkin (SIPG) finite element method and – in time – a Crank–Nicolson method to formulate the fully discrete problems: one for each type of internal variable.
We present a priori stability and error analyses without using Grönwall’s inequality and with the result that the constants in our estimates grow linearly with time rather than exponentially.
In this sense, the schemes are therefore suited to simulating long time viscoelastic response, and this (to our knowledge) is the first time that such high quality estimates have been presented for SIPG finite element approximation of dynamic viscoelasticity problems.
We also carry out a number of numerical experiments using the FEniCS environment (https://fenicsproject.org), describe a simulation using “real” material data, and explain how the codes can be obtained and all of the results reproduced.
Evaluation of guaiacyl lignin aromatic structures using 13CO2 administered Ginkgo biloba L. xylem by quantitative solid- and liquid-state 13C NMR
Authors: Miyata Sonoka , Aoki Dan , Matsushita Yasuyuki , Takeuchi Miyuki , Fukushima Kazuhiko
Published: February 2023

Ginkgo biloba L. saplings were cultivated in an airtight growth chamber with 13CO2 for two months. The 13C ratio of the newly developed xylem region was ca. 85%, evaluated by high lateral resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry and thioacidolysis/GC-MS. Quantitative solid-state 13C direct polarisation/magic angle spinning (DP/MAS) NMR measurements with high-speed MAS of 70.0 kHz were conducted for cutting-milled wood (CMW), ball-milled wood (BMW), and enzymatically saccharified lignin (EL) samples. In addition, quantitative liquid-state 13C NMR measurements were carried out for EL in DMSO-d
6. Major lignin aromatic signals were classified into three groups of aromatic carbons of C–H, C–C, and C–O, and their area ratio was compared within these measurements. EL samples in solid- and liquid-state showed nearly the same results. However, the results for CMW and BMW in solid-state NMR suggest the structural alteration of lignin within the sample preparation procedure, including ball milling.
Characterization of rutting resistance of warm-modified asphalt mixtures tested in a dynamic shear rheometer
Authors: Abd Duraid M. , Ahmed Taher M. , Ahmed Thamer Y.
Published: February 2023

The current study aims to evaluate the rutting resistance of warm miox asphalt (WMA) taking into consideration the influence of production temperature. Rediset WMX, Sasobit, and Rediset LQ were used to manufacture WMAs. WMA was manufactured at 125°C (for a modified soft binder, 100/150) and 135 and 145°C (for a modified hard binder, 40/60), while the control hot mix asphalt (HMA) was manufactured at 145 and 155°C for soft and hard binder, respectively. Although WMAs manufactured using hard binder (40/60) were successfully produced at a temperature 20°C lower than that for the control HMA, its rutting performance was inferior to that of the control HMA with both Rediset LQ and Rediset WMX; while the rutting performance of the Sasobit-modified hard binder–asphalt mixture was equal to that of HMA because Sasobit increases the stiffness of binder. On the other hand, all WMAs produced at a temperature of 145°C performed better than or equal to HMA. In summary, binder grade has an important role in the dosage of additive, performance, and the reduction of the manufacturing temperature of WMA; on the other hand, WMA additives delay the degradation of rutting rate for mixes, the results also showed that WMAs have an equal performance to or better performance than that of conventional HMA.
Stem cell programming – prospects for perinatal medicine
Authors: Berg Lea J. , Brüstle Oliver
Published: February 2023

Recreating human cell and organ systems in vitro has tremendous potential for disease modeling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. The aim of this short overview is to recapitulate the impressive progress that has been made in the fast-developing field of cell programming during the past years, to illuminate the advantages and limitations of the various cell programming technologies for addressing nervous system disorders and to gauge their impact for perinatal medicine.
How does one Cosmotheoretically Respond to the Heat Death of the Universe?
Authors: White Joel
Published: February 2023

This article asks what an adequate philosophical response to the certainty of heat death would be: the moment in the timeline of the universe when all possible energy transformations have been actualized and life, thought, and action cease to be possible. Through a reading of Hans Jonas’s existential work on Gnosticism, the article begins by defining what is meant by the notions cosmotheoretical and cosmoethical as well as offering a description of what Jonas calls “cosmic nihilism.” After this, the article looks at two extreme philosophical responses to heat death. The first response examined is by Friedrich Nietzsche, whose eternal return is shown to be a reactive philosophical response to the linear entropic finitude that heat death implies. The second response is by Ray Brassier. Different from Nietzsche, Brassier is shown to affirm the extinction that heat death promises. However, his insistence that heat death partakes of the transcendentalandthe real, but not the ideal, is demonstrated to be amphibolous. In the final part of the article, I offer what could be called a thermodynamic architectonic response to the heat death of the universe, arguing that heat death should be understood as a guiding transcendental Idea in the Kantian sense of the term.
A szubszaharai afrikai regionalizmus sajátosságai az SADC (Dél-afrikai Fejlesztési Közösség) működése tükrében
Authors: Tetlák Örs
Published: February 2023

A szervezeti működés és az intézményrendszer tekintetében az Afrikai Unió az Európai Uniót és az Egyesült Nemzetek Szervezetét tekinti mintának. Az afrikai regionalizmus ugyanakkor számos egyedi ismérvvel rendelkezik. Tanulmányomban a régió jellemzőit a regionalizmus szempontjából vizsgálom, elsősorban az új regionalizmus szempontrendszerét követve. Mivel azonban a térség nemzetközi kapcsolataiban változatlanul az államközi, kormányközi együttműködés az elsődleges és a regionális gazdasági közösségek rendszerét is ez a rendező elv alakította ki, a vizsgálat tárgya is elsősorban ez a szint lehet. Mivel a szubszaharai térség a klímaváltozásnak egyik leginkább kitett térsége a Földnek, a regionalizmus jövőjét befolyásoló kihívások között számos ökológiai, környezeti szempontot is figyelembe kívánok venni, mely rizikófaktorok (vagy éppen a regionális együttműködés mozgatói) már ma is szubszaharai Afrika mindennapjainak részei. Az elemzés további tárgya a kormányzás minősége a térségben, az egyes államok politikai elitjének kapcsolatrendszere és a politikai vezetők remélt elvárásai a regionális, illetve kontinentális együttműködéstől. Be kívánom mutatni, hogy az egyes államok minőségi mutatóiban is tetten érhető jelentős különbségek miként befolyásolják a regionális együttműködés mélységét és színvonalát. Tanulmányomban az egyes szubszaharai régiók és a hozzájuk kapcsolható regionális gazdasági közösségek közül részletesebben a Dél-afrikai Fejlesztési Közösséget (Southern African Development Community, SADC) mutatom be, úgy is, mint a kontinens legsikeresebb regionális együttműködési szervezetét.
F. A. von Hayek’o knyga „Kelias į vergovę“: jos gimimo aplinkybės ir aktualumas
Authors: Čiegis Remigijus , Drabavičius Žilvinas
Published: February 2023

Straipsnyje aptariamos F. A. von Hayek’o knygos „Kelias į vergovę“ gimimo aplinkybės ir jos realaus aktualumo šiandien teorinis
tyrimas. Jis grindžiamas nuostata, kad visos pastangos suprasti šiuolaikinę visuomenę verčia rimtai pasidomėti idėjų ir visuomenių
istorija. Atliekant tyrimą siekiama atskleisti knygos gimimo aplinkybes, svarbiausius jos turinio momentus bei parodyti knygos
poveikį tuometiniams ir šiandieniniams politiniams-ekonominiams procesams. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad posūkis į vergovę
prasideda nepastebimai, ir vargu ar galimas geresnis pagalbininkas tai atpažinti nei „Kelias į vergovę“.
Tvarių investicijų tendencijos
Authors: Krikštaponis Tomas , Šneiderienė Agnė
Published: February 2023

Pastaraisiais metais, vykstant sparčiai klimato kaitai, žmonių gyvenimo pokyčiams, ekologijos ir tvarumo temos tampa vis aktualesnės,
jaučiamas visų institucijų susirūpinimas, o investuotojai siekia investuoti į švaresnę ir skaidresnę aplinką, net jei tai sumažina
jų grąžą. Straipsnyje, taikant mokslinės literatūros palyginamosios analizės, sisteminimo ir apibendrinimo metodus, analizuojama
tvarių investicijų svarba, taikant statistinių duomenų analizės metodą – tokios tvarių investicijų tendencijos pasaulyje. Tyrimo tikslas
– išanalizuoti tvarių investicijų tendencijas pasaulyje 2016–2022 m. laikotarpiu. Atlikta mokslinės literatūros analizė atskleidė
augantį susidomėjimą tvariomis investicijomis. Aptariami investicijų privalumai ir ribojimai, septynios tvaraus investavimo strategijos.
Statistinių duomenų analizė atskleidė, kad tvarių investicijų apimtys sparčiai didėja, vis dėlto jos sudaro tik trečdalį visų pasaulio
investicinių fondų valdomo turto. Priimant tvarius investavimo sprendimus taikomos šios priemonės: trečiųjų šalių reitingai arba
apdovanojimai, emitento, arba bendrovių, ataskaitos.
Vertikaliosios integracijos galimybės ir modeliai žemės ūkio sektoriuje
Authors: Ramanauskas Julius , Radzevičius Gediminas
Published: February 2023

Žemės ūkio verslas susiduria su alternatyvaus pasirinkimo tolesniam struktūriniam rinkodaros kanalų plėtojimui problema. Ieškant
tinkamo sprendimo, išryškėjo dvi galimybės: a) didinti tarpininkų vaidmenį rinkodaros kanaluose, intensyviau dalyvaujant galutinių
produktų pridėtinės vertės kūrimo ir didinimo procese; b) aktyvinti vertikaliosios integracijos (toliau – VI) procesus, siekiant išvengti
bereikalingų tarpininkų, mažinti sandorių išlaidas ir, svarbiausia, suteikti ūkininkams galimybę dalyvauti kuriant pridėtinę vertę savo
žaliavoms, pasinaudoti kitais VI privalumais. Tyrimu siekta išanalizuoti ir įvertinti žemės ūkio produkcijos gamintojų ir jos tiekėjų
bei perdirbėjų integracijos poreikius ir galimybes bei parengti priemones, kurios galėtų būti panaudotos žemės ūkio plėtrai, siekiant
užtikrinti išmatuojamą ir tvarų poveikį žemės ūkio verslui. Tuo tikslu išnagrinėta šalies ir Austrijos, Lenkijos, Vokietijos, Ukrainos
patirtis bei atliktas kokybinis tyrimas. Žemės ūkio produkcijos augintojams / gamintojams priimtiniausi keli vertikaliosios žemės
ūkio verslo integracijos modeliai, būtent: sutartiniai santykiai („švelni integracija“), asociacijos, korporacijos, rinkodaros kooperatyvai,
žemės ūkio klasteriai. Tad rekomenduojama: įteisinti komandinių kooperatyvų steigimą, sukurti žemės ūkio produkcijos
augintojų / gamintojų ir kooperatyvų integravimo į perdirbimo įmones mechanizmą.
Effects of Resistance Training on Pain Control and Physical Function in Older Adults With Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
Authors: Syroyid Syroyid Ivan , Cavero-Redondo Ivan , Syroyid Syroyid Bohdan
Published: February 2023

Background and Purpose:

Low back pain (LBP) has a high prevalence in older adults and is associated with elevated health care costs. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) interventions on physical function (PF) and pain control in community-dwelling older adults with chronic LBP.

Methods:

A meta-analysis applying the quality effect method was performed by calculating the effect sizes (ESs) using the Cohen d with a 95% CI. A subgroup analysis was performed according to the participant and intervention characteristics. The statistical significance of differences between subgroups was calculated using a Z-test. Study bias was estimated using the version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0) and quality of evidence (Qi) index. Small study effect/publication bias was estimated using the Doi plot and Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index. The systematic search was conducted in major databases for clinical trials published between January 1, 1990, and January 9, 2021. The inclusion criteria were articles that (1) were peer-reviewed; (2) had participants' mean age of more than 60 years; (3) studied PRT interventions; (4) had participants with LBP; (5) measured LBP or PF outcomes; (6) measured PF in terms of functionality; (7) were randomized controlled trials; (8) and non–randomized controlled trials. The exclusion criteria were (1) articles not written in English, (2) nonexperimental studies, and (3) repeated publications.

Results and Discussion:

Twenty-one studies were included (n = 1661). Clear improvements were found in PF (ES = 0.32 [95% CI, 0.05-0.58]; I
2 = 75.1%; P < .001), but results on LBP decrease were inconclusive (ES = 0.24 [95% CI, −0.05 to 1.10]; I
2 = 75.7%; P < .001). The overall evidence of this aggregated data meta-analysis of clinical trials is level C+. Main limitations are the use of aggregated data and the large heterogeneity between studies.

Conclusions:

The Qi of this meta-analysis is level I (C+). We concluded that PRT interventions are useful for PF improvement in older adults with generalized LBP, LBP not arising from lumbar spinal stenosis, and having body mass index less than 27. In older adults with LBP not arising from lumbar spine stenosis, PRT interventions also decrease LBP. Interventions should have a frequency of at least 3 sessions per week. In addition, at a lower level of evidence IV (C+), we recommend that interventions with a duration of more than 12 weeks should be considered, whenever possible.
Calbindin-Expressing CA1 Pyramidal Neurons Encode Spatial Information More Efficiently
Authors: Gu Liqin , Ren Minglong , Lin Longnian , Xu Jiamin
Published: February 2023

Hippocampal pyramidal neurons (PNs) are traditionally conceptualized as homogeneous population. For the past few years, cumulating evidence has revealed the structural and functional heterogeneity of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. But thein vivoneuronal firing pattern of molecularly identified pyramidal neuron subclasses is still absent. In this study, we investigated the firing patterns of hippocampal PNs based on different expression profile of Calbindin (CB) during a spatial shuttle task in free moving male mice. We found that CB+ place cells can represent spatial information more efficiently than CB− place cells, albeit lower firing rates during running epochs. Furthermore, a subset of CB+ PNs shifted their theta firing phase during rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep states compared with running states. Although CB− PNs are more actively engaged in ripple oscillations, CB+ PNs showed stronger ripple modulation during slow-wave sleep (SWS). Our results pointed out the heterogeneity in neuronal representation between hippocampal CB+ and CB− PNs. Particularly, CB+ PNs encode spatial information more efficiently, which might be contributed by stronger afferents from the lateral entorhinal cortex to CB+ PNs.
History Repeating Itself
Authors: Tung Nguyen Cong
Published: February 2023

This article analyzes Chineseness in premodern Vietnam and its influence on Vietnam’s foreign policy toward China and Southeast Asia both past and present. The term Chineseness refers to the practice and preservation of Confucian ideas and values in Vietnam, which arguably consists of the Mandate of Heaven and Confucian Orthodoxy concepts and their subsequent orthodox lineage issue. Being considered culturally closer to China than Korea and Japan, Vietnam, throughout history, has relied on these concepts to position itself strategically and navigate its relations vis-à-vis China and other smaller countries in Southeast Asia. Vietnamese courts used to question the legitimacy and orthodox lineage of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty because they imagined themselves as part of the Sinic world. The sense of superiority over Manchus and of being the guardian of Sinic civilization reached a climax during the Nguyen dynasty, in part shaping Vietnam’s foreign policy toward China and other Southeast Asian countries at that time. In addition, this deep-seated Chineseness also helps Vietnam’s decision-makers to understand contemporary China, and subtly guides the creation of Vietnam’s foreign policy today.
PHOTOELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF p-Si/Cd1-xZnxS(Se)1-ySe(Te)y HETEROJUNCTIONS
Authors:   Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan, MAMMADOV H. M. , JAFAROV M. A. ,   Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan, NASIROV E. F. ,   Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan, PIRIYEVA D. ,   Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: February 2023

In this paper the photoelectrical properties of p-Si/Cd1-xZnxS(Se)1-ySe(Te)y type thin film heterojunctions in a wide range of wavelengths (300 - 1400 nm) were characterized depending on the quantitative composition (0≤x≤1 and 0≤y≤1) of Cd1-xZnxS(Se)1-ySe(Te)y type films, electrochemical deposition potential, mode and medium of heat treatment (HT). In order to clarify the effect of these factors on the photoelectric properties and basic parameters of heterojunctions with different composition, the spectral distribution of photoconductivity, volt-ampere characteristics (I-U characteristics), amper-light characteristics were studied.
CdS NANOPARTICLE-DECORATED CuS MICROFLOWER-2D GRAPHENE HYBRIDS AND THEIR ENHANCED PHOTOCATALYTIC PERFORMANCE
Authors:   College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, People’s Republic of China, LI Z. G. , ZENG B. ,   Hunan Collaborative innovation Center for construction and development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Changde 415000, People’s Republic of China
Published: February 2023

CdS nanoparticles decorated CuS microflower-2D graphene hybrids (CdS/CuS-MF/G) were synthesized in environmentally friendly route and applied as photocatalysts. Composites were characterized with various techniques to investigate their morphology, structure, and optical properties. Photocatalytic activity of samples was evaluated by methyl orange (MO) degradation, and the sample reached photocatalytic efficiency of 84.8% in 120 min. The cause of enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to heterojunction in CuS/CdS and excellent electronic conductivity of graphene, which formed three-level electron transfer process. This results in enhanced photogenerated charge carrier separation in composites. Due to high photocatalytic efficiency, as-prepared photocatalyst could encourage further development regarding its application in photocatalytic water treatment.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VISIBLE-LIGHT-DRIVEN Ce-DOPED CdS NANOWIRES FOR PHOTODEGRADATION OF RHODAMINE B
Authors:   Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, PHURUANGRAT A. , SAKHON T. ,   Electron Microscopy Research and Service Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, THONGTEM T. ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, THONGTEM S. ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: February 2023

Visible-light-driven Ce-doped CdS nanowires were synthesized by a solvothermal method. Phase and morphology of Ce-doped CdS nanowires were investigated by XRD and SEM analyses. The analytical results certified that both CdS and Ce-doped CdS samples were uniform pure phase of hexagonal CdS nanowires. The photocatalytic activities of CdS and Ce-doped CdS nanowires were investigated through the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. The 3% Ce-doped CdS nanowires have the highest photocatalytic efficiency of 95.75% within 120 min and are the promising material used for wastewater treatment.
EFFECT OF ANNEALING ON THE STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAD SELENIDE AND CADMIUM SELENIDE THIN FILM PREPARED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION
Authors:   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, BANDOH C. K. , NKRUMAH I. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, AMPONG F. K. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, NKUM R. K. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, BOAKYE F. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Published: February 2023

The effect of annealing on the structural and optical properties of lead selenide and cadmium selenide thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition has been studied. The films were annealed in air for a duration of 1 hour at temperatures of 673 K for CdSe and 573 K for PbSe. Both the as-deposited and annealed films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and optical absorption spectroscopy. The as–deposited CdSe films had the cubic structure with preferred orientation along (111) plane. However, after annealing there was a phase change from the cubic structure to the hexagonal structure with preferred orientation along the (002) plane. Both the as-deposited and annealed PbSe had the cubic structure with preferred orientation along the (200) plane. Other structural parameters such as the average crystallite size increased, whilst the dislocation density and strain decreased, suggesting a reduction in lattice imperfections after annealing. Optical absorbance of the films increased after annealing with a corresponding decrease in the direct band gap from 1.78 eV to 1.52 eV for CdSe, and 1.47 eV to 1.35 eV for PbSe. These results suggest an improvement in optical and structural properties after annealing.
INVESTIGATE THE APPROPRIATE MODEL FOR DESCRIBING THE CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS OF Te65Sb25Ga10 THIN FILM
Authors:   Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, El-Minya 61768, Egypt, ABD-EL SALAM M. N.
Published: February 2023

The sheet resistance, Rs , measurements versus temperature, T, for 1000 nm Te - Sb -Ga thin films were performed at different heating rates (   5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 K/min) in the temperature range from 300 to 673 K. The kinetic transformation parameters of Te65Sb25Ga10 thin film were examined via the theoretical method developed (TMD) and the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami model (JMA). The crystallization activation energy Ec with the transformed fraction is not constant but change with the conversion fraction. These results refer to the rate constant of the transformation is in fact determined through the nucleation and diffusion processes. The results of the impingement exponent γi dependence of the conversion fraction (χ) revealed that the mode of impingement is due to “anisotropic growth”. In addition to that the average values of kinetic exponent parameters, n and m obtained by (TMD) and JMA models. are accounted for two and three-dimensional crystal growth with heterogeneous nucleation. Moreover, comparing the experimental curve of the transformed fraction indicated that the crystallization process of Te65Sb25Ga10 thin film cannot be satisfactorily described by Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) model. On contrary, the theoretical curves of the developed model are more realistic for describing the crystallization process of the investigated chalcogenide bulk glass.
It is Not OK to Die (With Dignity) in America: An Analysis of the United States’ Denaturalization of Death and its Intimate Relationship with the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Burns Creighton
Published: February 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (COVID) transformed the everyday life of millions around the globe; however, many Americans never believed the virus—or the threat of death—was real to begin with. This research analyzes a systemic denaturalization of death and its processes within the United States, and subsequently identifies a public health crisis stemming from the biomedicalization of aging, illusory expectations of end-of-life care, and a generational pursuit to achieve a ‘good death’ within a capitalist economy. Informed by over 1,300 hours of first-hand participant observation in two public health institutions in Indiana and interviews with medical providers discussing the impact their own (de)naturalization of death on patient care, this paper dissects American’s social and cultural behavior regarding death, its processes, and its intimate connection to the SARS-CoV2 pandemic. While most Americans describe their worst nightmare for end of life, they are most often suffering and dying exactly as they fear: institutionalized and isolated. This explores why this is so.
The ideal patient positioning in spine surgery: a preventive strategy
Authors: Cunha Paulo Diogo , Barbosa Tiago P , Correia Guilherme , Silva Rafaela , Cruz Oliveira Nuno , Varanda Pedro , Direito-Santos Bruno
Published: February 2023

Patient positioning on the surgical table is a critical step in every spine surgery. The most common surgical positions in spine surgery are supine, prone and lateral decubitus.

There are countless lesions that can occur during spine surgery due to patient mispositioning. Ulnar nerve and brachial plexus injuries are the most common nerve lesions seen in malpositioned patients. Devastating complications due to increased intraocular pressure or excessive abdominal pressure can also occur in prone decubitus and are real concerns that the surgical team must be aware of.

All members of the surgical team (including surgeons, anesthesiologists and nurses) should know how to correctly position the patient, identify possible positioning errors and know how to avoid them in order to prevent postoperative morbidity.

This work pretends to do a review of the most common positions during spine surgery, alert to errors that can happen during the procedure and how to avoid them.
Novel insights on the effect of sclerostin on bone and other organs
Authors: Dreyer Timothy J , Keen Jacob AC , Wells Leah M , Roberts Scott J
Published: February 2023

As a key regulator of bone homeostasis, sclerostin has garnered a lot of interest over the last two decades. Although sclerostin is primarily expressed by osteocytes and is well known for its role in bone formation and remodelling, it is also expressed by a number of other cells and potentially plays a role in other organs. Herein, we aim to bring together recent sclerostin research and discuss the effect of sclerostin on bone, cartilage, muscle, liver, kidney and the cardiovascular and immune systems. Particular focus is placed on its role in diseases, such as osteoporosis and myeloma bone disease, and the novel development of sclerostin as a therapeutic target. Anti-sclerostin antibodies have recently been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis. However, a cardiovascular signal was observed, prompting extensive research into the role of sclerostin in vascular and bone tissue crosstalk. The study of sclerostin expression in chronic kidney disease was followed by the investigation of its role in liver–lipid–bone interactions, and the recent discovery of sclerostin as a myokine prompted new research into sclerostin within the bone–muscle relationship. Potentially, the effects of sclerostin reach beyond that of bone alone. We further summarise recent developments in the use of sclerostin as a potential therapeutic for osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma and sclerosteosis. Overall, these new treatments and discoveries illustrate progress within the field, however, also highlight remaining gaps in our knowledge.
The impact of COVID-19 on the assessment and management of ectopic pregnancies
Authors: Chung Bethany , Greene Charlotte , Pearson Alice , Starrs Lisa M , Colin Duncan W
Published: February 2023

Lay Summary

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the public delayed seeking medical help, which may have affected the impact of having an ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy is when pregnancy tissue grows outside its normal position in the womb, and it can be life-threatening. It can be treated by non-surgical or surgical options, and any delay in seeking help can reduce the options for treatment and increase the need for more urgent management. We wanted to assess whether there were differences in the presentation and management of ectopic pregnancies in a major teaching hospital between 2019 (pre-COVID-19) and 2021 (COVID-19 period). We found that the pandemic did not cause a delay in seeking medical help or cause worse outcomes. In fact, immediate surgical treatment and time in the hospital were less during COVID-19, perhaps because of a desire to avoid admission to hospital. One outcome of COVID-19 is reassurance that we can safely use more non-surgical treatments for ectopic pregnancies.
LIBRA: an adaptative integrative tool for paired single‐cell multi‐omics data
Authors: Martinez‐de‐Morentin Xabier , Khan Sumeer A. , Lehmann Robert , Qu Sisi , Maillo Alberto , Kiani Narsis A. , Prosper Felipe , Tegner Jesper , Gomez‐Cabrero David
Published: February 2023

There is a need for tools that integrate single‐cell multi‐omic data while addressing several integrative challenges simultaneously. To this end, we designed a deep‐learning based tool LIBRA that performs competitively in both “integration” and “prediction” tasks based on single‐cell multi‐omics data. Furthermore, when assessing the predictive power across data modalities, LIBRA outperforms existing tools. LIBRA and its adaptive scheme aLIBRA, allow automatic fine‐tuning for users with limited effort. Additionally, aLIBRA allows experienced users to implement custom configurations. The LIBRA toolbox is freely available as R and Python libraries.

Background

Single‐cell multi‐omics technologies allow a profound system‐level biology understanding of cells and tissues. However, an integrative and possibly systems‐based analysis capturing the different modalities is challenging. In response, bioinformatics and machine learning methodologies are being developed for multi‐omics single‐cell analysis. It is unclear whether current tools can address the dual aspect of modality integration and prediction across modalities without requiring extensive parameter fine‐tuning.

Methods

We designed LIBRA, a neural network based framework, to learn translation between paired multi‐omics profiles so that a shared latent space is constructed. Additionally, we implemented a variation, aLIBRA, that allows automatic fine‐tuning by identifying parameter combinations that optimize both the integrative and predictive tasks. All model parameters and evaluation metrics are made available to users with minimal user iteration. Furthermore, aLIBRA allows experienced users to implement custom configurations. The LIBRA toolbox is freely available as R and Python libraries at GitHub (TranslationalBioinformaticsUnit/LIBRA).

Results

LIBRA was evaluated in eight multi‐omic single‐cell data‐sets, including three combinations of omics. We observed that LIBRA is a state‐of‐the‐art tool when evaluating the ability to increase cell‐type (clustering) resolution in the integrated latent space. Furthermore, when assessing the predictive power across data modalities, such as predictive chromatin accessibility from gene expression, LIBRA outperforms existing tools. As expected, adaptive parameter optimization (aLIBRA) significantly boosted the performance of learning predictive models from paired data‐sets.

Conclusion

LIBRA is a versatile tool that performs competitively in both “integration” and “prediction” tasks based on single‐cell multi‐omics data. LIBRA is a data‐driven robust platform that includes an adaptive learning scheme.
Mentions des zoophytes chez Platon, Aristote et certains commentateurs byzantins : l’occasion d’un discours sur l’homme
Authors: Minas Julie
Published: February 2023

This article sets out to explore different roles that the mention of zoophytes can play into some texts of Plato, Aristotle and byzantine commentators. Thus, the staging of the life of the marine lung in the Philebus represents a possible horizon of regression to be kept in mind, and not, as in John Philopon, a stage of man's formation that will necessarily be surpassed. For the latter, as for Aristotle, evoking zoophytes is a way of resolving the question of the frontier between living animals and plants by postulating the continuity between the plant and animal orders.
Molaterhesség postmenopausában
Authors: Keszthelyi Márton , Bakos Marcell , Szabó István , Török Marianna , Lőczi Lotti , Madaras Lilla , Ács Nándor , Várbíró Szabolcs
Published: February 2023

A molaterhesség a terhességi trophoblastbetegségek közé sorolt, rendkívül ritka
kórkép. A kórkép patogenezise egyedülálló, hiszen az anyai daganat eredete maga
a terhességi szövet. Előfordulását tekintve főleg a reproduktív korú nőket
érinti. Esetbemutatásunkban egy 53 éves nőbeteg postmenopausalis vérzési
rendellenességet okozó panaszainak hátterében igazolódott molaterhesség. A
molaterhesség fokozott kockázattal járó veszélyállapot, mely esetén a
mihamarabbi befejezés alapját a megfelelő diagnosztika adja. Kezdeti tünetei
megtévesztőek lehetnek, ectopiás terhességet vagy inkomplett abortuszt,
anovulációs vérzési rendellenességet utánozhatnak. Esetismertetésünk célja, hogy
felhívja a figyelmet a molaterhesség atipikus megjelenésére; postmenopausalis
nőbetegünk kapcsán áttekintjük a molaterhesség kezelésének alapelveit, és
bemutatjuk egy sikeresen kezelt eset diagnosztikus és terápiás lépéseit. Orv
Hetil. 2023; 164(7): 273–277.