bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Performance of Thyroid Core Needle Biopsy Using the Revised Reporting System: Comparison with Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Authors: Kim Kwangsoon , Bae Ja Seong , Kim Jeong Soo , Jung So Lyung , Jung Chan Kwon
Published: February 2022

Background: We aim to validate the diagnostic performance of thyroid core needle biopsy (CNB) for diagnosing malignancy in clinical settings to align with the changes made in recently updated thyroid CNB guidelines.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1,381 thyroid CNB and 2,223 fine needle aspiration (FNA) samples. The FNA and CNB slides were interpreted according to the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology and updated practice guidelines for thyroid CNB, respectively.Results: Compared to FNA, CNB showed lower rates of inconclusive results: categories I (2.8% vs. 11.2%) and III (1.2% vs. 6.2%), and higher rates of categories II (60.9% vs. 50.4%) and IV (17.5% vs. 2.0%). The upper and lower bounds of the risk of malignancy (ROM) for category IV of CNB were 43.2% and 26.6%, respectively. The CNB subcategory IVb with nuclear atypia had a higher ROM than the subcategory without nuclear atypia (40%–62% vs. 23%–36%). In histologically confirmed cases, there was no significant difference in the diagnostic performance between CNB and FNA for malignancy. However, neoplastic diseases were more frequently detected by CNB than by FNA (88.8% vs. 77.6%, P=0.046). In category IV, there was no difference in unnecessary surgery rate between CNB and FNA (4.7% vs. 6.9%, P=0.6361).Conclusion: Thyroid CNB decreased the rate of inconclusive results and showed a higher category IV diagnostic rate than FNA. The revised guidelines for thyroid CNB proved to be an excellent reporting system for assessing thyroid nodules.
Epidemiology and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes in Korean Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Kim Jung Hee , Choi Sunkyu , Lee Young Ah , Lee Juneyoung , Kim Sin Gon
Published: February 2022

Background: Previous studies on the epidemiology and complications of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were conducted in Western countries and in children/adolescents. We aimed to explore the epidemiology of CAH, as well as the risk of comorbidities and mortality, in a Korean nationwide case-control study.Methods: CAH patients (n=2,840) were included between 2002 and 2017 from the National Health Insurance Service database and the Rare Intractable Disease program. CAH patients were compared, at a 1:10 ratio, with age-, sex-, and index year-matched controls (n=28,400).Results: The point prevalence of CAH patients in Korea was 1 in 18,745 persons in 2017. The annual incidence rate declined between 2003 and 2017 from 3.25 to 0.41 per 100,000 persons. CAH patients were at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 1.9), stroke (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.0), diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 2.6 to 3.1), dyslipidemia (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 2.2 to 2.6), and psychiatric disorders (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3 to 1.6). Fracture risk increased in CAH patients aged over 40 years (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.7). CAH patients were at higher risk of mortality than controls (hazard ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.0).Conclusion: Our nationwide study showed a recent decline in the incidence of CAH and an elevated risk for cardiovascular, metabolic, skeletal, and psychiatric disorders in CAH patients. Lifelong management for comorbidity risk is a crucial component of treating CAH patients.
Homeostatic Regulation of Glucose Metabolism by the Central Nervous System
Authors: Choi Jong Han , Kim Min-Seon
Published: February 2022

Evidence for involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) in the regulation of glucose metabolism dates back to the 19th century, although the majority of the research on glucose metabolism has focused on the peripheral metabolic organs. Due to recent advances in neuroscience, it has now become clear that the CNS is indeed vital for maintaining glucose homeostasis. To achieve normoglycemia, specific populations of neurons and glia in the hypothalamus sense changes in the blood concentrations of glucose and of glucoregulatory hormones such as insulin, leptin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and glucagon. This information is integrated and transmitted to other areas of the brain where it eventually modulates various processes in glucose metabolism (i.e., hepatic glucose production, glucose uptake in the brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, pancreatic insulin and glucagon secretion, renal glucose reabsorption, etc.). Errors in these processes lead to hyper- or hypoglycemia. We here review the current understanding of the brain regulation of glucose metabolism.
State-of-the-Art Overview of the Pharmacological Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Cho Yongin , Lee Yong-ho
Published: February 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a subtype of NAFLD, can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Nevertheless, the current treatment for NAFLD/NASH is limited to lifestyle modifications, and no drugs are currently officially approved as treatments for NASH. Many global pharmaceutical companies are pursuing the development of medications for the treatment of NASH, and results from phase 2 and 3 clinical trials have been published in recent years. Here, we review data from these recent clinical trials and reports on the efficacy of newly developed antidiabetic drugs in NASH treatment.
WHAT DETERMINES EMPLOYEE PROCRASTINATION AND MULTITASKING IN THE WORKPLACE: PERSONAL QUALITIES OR MISMANAGEMENT?
Authors: Vveinhardt Jolita , Sroka Włodzimierz
Published: February 2022

The nature of procrastination is usually analysed from the angle of the psychological mechanism, in the aspects of demotivating factors; however, there are not many studies emphasizing procrastination provoked by mismanagement. A similar situation is also observed with regard to multitasking analysed in this article, which is recorded at work not because employees naturally like to multitask but because they have no other way out. The purpose of this article is to present the results of the empirical study revealing the nature of procrastination and multitasking in the workplace. The study involved 995 employees of Polish (N = 500) and Lithuanian (N = 495) private sector organizations. It has been found that a share of employees are forced to become procrastinators and multitaskers due to management flaws. In addition, procrastination and multitasking are related by medium strength statistical relationships, regardless of the country. The value of the research is presupposed by the fact that it presents new and original data showing the situation of multitasking and procrastination in Lithuanian and Polish organizations. These results improve the literature on procrastination by providing additional confirmatory evidence on how more flexible work organization can serve for better understanding of causes of multitasking and procrastination.
Searching for Stellar and Planetary Emission in Large Field-of-view Radio Sky Surveys
Authors: Ling Jason , Isella Andrea , Johns-Krull Christopher , W. Lazio T. Joseph
Published: February 2022

Detection of low-frequency (≤1.4 GHz) radio emission from stellar and planetary systems can lead to new insights into stellar activity, extrasolar space weather, and planetary magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate three large field-of-view surveys at 74 MHz, 150 MHz, and 1.4 GHz, as well as a myriad of multiwavelength ancillary data, to search for radio emission from about 2600 stellar objects, including about 800 exoplanetary systems, 600 nearby low-mass stars, and 1200 young stellar objects located in the Taurus and Upper Scorpius star-forming regions. The selected sample encompasses stellar spectral types from B to L and distances between 5 and 300 pc. We report the redetection of five stars at 1.4 GHz, one of which also shows emission at 150 MHz. Four of these are low- and intermediate-mass young stars, and one is the evolved star α Sco. We also observe radio emission at the position of a young brown dwarf at 1.4 GHz and 150 MHz. However, due to the large astrometric uncertainty of radio observations, a follow-up study at higher angular resolution would be required to confirm whether the observed emission originates from the brown dwarf itself or a background object. Notably, all of the selected radio sources are located in nearby star-forming regions. Furthermore, we use image stacking and statistical methods to derive upper limits on the average quiescent radio luminosity of the families of objects under investigation. These analyses provide observational constraints for large-scale searches for current and ongoing low-frequency radio emissions from stars and planets.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: UV–Optical Accretion Disk Measurements with the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Homayouni Y. , Sturm Megan R. , Trump Jonathan R. , Horne Keith , Grier C. J. , Shen Yue , Brandt W. N. , Alvarez Gloria Fonseca , Hall P. B. , Ho Luis C. , Li Jennifer I-Hsiu , Sun Mouyuan , Schneider D. P.
Published: February 2022

We present accretion-disk structure measurements from UV–optical reverberation mapping (RM) observations of a sample of eight quasars at 0.24 < z < 0.85. Ultraviolet photometry comes from two cycles of Hubble Space Telescope monitoring, accompanied by multiband optical monitoring by the Las Cumbres Observatory network and Liverpool Telescopes. The targets were selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping project sample with reliable black hole mass measurements from Hβ RM results. We measure significant lags between the UV and various optical griz bands using JAVELIN and CREAM methods. We use the significant lag results from both methods to fit the accretion-disk structure using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach. We study the accretion disk as a function of disk normalization, temperature scaling, and efficiency. We find direct evidence for diffuse nebular emission from Balmer and Fe ii lines over discrete wavelength ranges. We also find that our best-fit disk color profile is broadly consistent with the Shakura & Sunyaev disk model. We compare our UV–optical lags to the disk sizes inferred from optical–optical lags of the same quasars and find that our results are consistent with these quasars being drawn from a limited high-lag subset of the broader population. Our results are therefore broadly consistent with models that suggest longer disk lags in a subset of quasars, for example, due to a nonzero size of the ionizing corona and/or magnetic heating contributing to the disk response.
An Improved Technique for Measuring Plasma Density to High Frequencies on the Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Mozer F. S. , Bale S. D. , Kellogg P. J. , Larson D. , Livi R. , Romeo O.
Published: February 2022

The correlation between the plasma density measured in space and the surface potential of an electrically conducting satellite body with biased electric field detectors has been recognized and used to provide density proxies. However, for Parker Solar Probe, this correlation has not produced quantitative density estimates over extended periods of time because it depends on the energy-dependent exponential variation of the photoemission spectrum, the electron temperature, the ratio of the biased surface area to the conducting spacecraft surface area, the spacecraft secondary or thermal emission, the spacecraft distance from the Sun, etc. In this paper the density as a function of time and frequency to frequencies as high as the electron gyrofrequency is determined through least-squares fits of a function of the spacecraft potential to the plasma density measured on the Parker Solar Probe. This function allows correction for the many effects on the spacecraft potential other than that due to the plasma density. Some examples of plasma density obtained from this procedure are presented.
LISC Catalog of Star Clusters. I. Galactic Disk Clusters in Gaia EDR3
Authors: Li Zhongmu , Deng Yangyang , Chi Huanbin , Chen Jing , Liu Xuejie , Yan Chen , Chen Wen , Guo Wenkai , Xia Tao
Published: February 2022

This work searches for the candidates of Galactic disk star clusters in Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) and determines their basic parameters from color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs). A friends-of-friends method for membership determination and stellar population models including binary stars (ASPS) and rotating stars are adopted. As a result, 868 new star cluster candidates are found, besides 2729 known ones. When checking the CMD of each candidate, 61 new candidates show main sequences including a turnoff, which suggests that they are real star clusters. The basic parameters, including distance modulus, color excess, metallicity, age (or age range), primordial binary fraction, and rotating star fraction, are determined carefully by fitting the morphologies of CMDs of 61 newly identified star clusters and 594 known star clusters, which have relatively clear main sequences. The CMDs are fitted in considerable detail to ensure the reliability of property parameters of clusters. All final results are included in a new star cluster catalog, which is named LI team’s Star Cluster (LISC), and the catalog is available in the Zenodo repository.
In-orbit Timing Calibration of the Insight-Hard X-Ray Modulation Telescope
Authors: Tuo Youli , Li Xiaobo , Ge Mingyu , Nie Jianyin , Song Liming , Xu Yupeng , Zheng Shijie , Lu Fangjun , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Liu Congzhan , Cao Xuelei , Chen Yong , Qu Jinlu , Zhang Shu , Zhao Haisheng , Xiao Shuo , Wu Baiyang , Wen Xiangyang , Jiang Weichun , Meng Bin , Cui Weiwei , Li Wei , Zhang Yifei , Li Xufang , Yang Yanji , Tan Ying , Li Bing
Published: February 2022

We describe the timing system and the timing calibration results of the three payloads on board the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT). These three payloads are the High Energy X-ray telescope (HE; 20–250 keV), the Medium Energy X-ray telescope (ME; 5–30 keV), and the Low Energy X-ray telescope (LE; 1–10 keV). We present a method to correct the temperature-dependent period response and the long-term variation of the onboard crystal oscillator, especially for ME, which does not carry a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator. The times of arrival (ToAs) of the Crab pulsar are measured to evaluate the accuracy of the timing system. As the ephemeris of the Crab pulsar given by the Jodrell Bank Observatory has systematic errors around (Rots et al. 2004) 40 μs, we use the quasi-simultaneous observations of the X-ray Timing Instrument (XTI) on board the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) to produce the Crab ephemerides and to verify the timing system of Insight-HXMT. The energy-dependent ToAs’ offsets relative to the NICER measurements including the physical and instrumental origins are about 24.7 μs, 10.1 μs, and 864.7 μs, and the systematic errors of the timing system are determined to be 12.1 μs, 8.6 μs, and 15.8 μs, for HE, ME, and LE, respectively.
Solar Toroidal Field Evolution Spanning Four Sunspot Cycles Seen by the Wilcox Solar Observatory, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Michelson Doppler Imager, and the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager
Authors: Liu Allison L. , Scherrer Philip H.
Published: February 2022

Forty-four years of Wilcox Solar Observatory, 14 years of Michelson Doppler Imager on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, and 11 years of Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on the Solar Dynamics Observatory magnetic field data have been studied to determine the east–west inclination—the toroidal component—of the magnetic field. Maps of the zonal averaged inclination show that each toroidal field cycle begins at around the same time at high latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres, and ends at the equator. Observation of these maps also shows that each instance of a dominant toroidal field direction starts at high latitudes near sunspot maximum and is still visible near the equator well past the minimum of its cycle, indicating that the toroidal field cycle spans approximately two sunspot cycles. The length of the extended activity cycle is measured to be approximately 16.8 yr.
COVID-19 Pandemic: What Considerations Should Be Taken during the Assessment and Management of COPD Exacerbation?
Authors: Saminan Saminan , Julisafrida Linda , Ridwan Muhammad , Fajri Nurul
Published: February 2022

The on-going coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could contribute to higher mortality in population with underlying respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this review was to inform readers pertaining to the correlation of COPD exacerbation and severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection along with considerations that could be taken in the clinical diagnosis and management. The literature search was conducted on Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed databases using related terms (such as, but not limited to, “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “COPD management,” “N-acetylcysteine,” and “corticosteroids”) on November 1–9, 2021. Recent studies suggest that COVID-19 and COPD are correlated through three pathways, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression, dysregulation of biological parameters, and occurrence of pneumonia. Early detection of COVID-19 in patients with underlying COPD is difficult because they share similar symptoms, attributed to advanced progression of the infection and subsequently deteriorates lung function. During COPD management, clinicians are expected to take consideration on the effect of systemic corticosteroids if patients develop COVID-19. In conclusion, COVID-19 and COPD and its management are potentially correlated, contributing to the worsening of the disease. There is a need of immediate research to reveal the true correlation between COVID-19 and COPD to improve the management.
Concomitant Use of Single Suture Anchor and Transosseus Repair Provide Optimal Results in Simultaneous Bilateral Quadriceps Tendon Rupture: A Case Report
Authors: Albar Husnul Fuad , Yudhadibrata Permana , Widjaja Arya Cipta
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Bilateral quadriceps tendon rupture is a rare condition and often associated with underlying medical comorbidities such as chronic renal insufficiency. This case report is aimed to evaluate the surgical outcome using the combination of suture anchor and transosseus repair technique.
 
Presentation of Case
Presenting a 54-year-old male who sustained simultaneous bilateral quadriceps tendon rupture with history of right nephrectomy and chronic kidney disease requiring intermittent hemodialysis. He came with sudden bilateral knee pain, history of falling, and inability to walk since three weeks before admission to the hospital. Tenderness above the superior pole on both patella, accompanied with slight swelling and no active range of motion (ROM) of either knee joint was found on physical examination. Complete rupture of the quadriceps tendon of both knees at their osseus-tendon junction were revealed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
 
Discussion
Recent literatures suggested that transosseus technique offers the safest and more stable tendon reattachment, while suture anchor provides biomechanical superiority. We tried to combine these advantages by incorporating both methods. Progressive active knee motion exercise was performed shortly after using the Kocher slab for 2 weeks.Subsequently, the patient can achieve painless, active extension and active 90°-120° knee flexion 1 month post-operatively.
 
Conclusion
The application of a single suture anchor with transosseus repair in quadriceps tendon rupture led to an optimal outcome, improved stability, and earlier rehabilitation.
Women’s Empowerment to Improve Nutritional Status in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hastuti Apriyani Puji , Sukartini Tintin , Arief Yuni Sufyanti , Nursalam Nursalam , Mufarokhah Hanim
Published: February 2022

Women's empowerment considered vital in child nutrition and being considered important throughout the first 1000 days of life. Inadequate access to food and child feeding practices are the root causes of nutritional problems in children. Mothers play an essential role in parenting, particularly when it comes to child feeding. However, there are no systematic review available in regarding the correlation between women's empowerment and child nutrition. The aims of this study is to review the correlation between women's empowerment and nutritional status in children, more research should use a longitudinal study design to conduct pathway and lifecycle analysis in appropriate populations to clarify the relationship between women's empowerment and nutritional status in children.
We included English materials published between Science Direct, Pubmed, Research Gate and Google Scholar was used to find studies related to women's empowerment and children's nutritional status between 2016- 2021. 1025 studies were generated using tittle and abstract. We scanned the whole text of 538 of them, as well as 25 other research that the authors were aware of. Only 8 papers met our criteria for inclusion. Within three categories of empowerment, information was extracted and synthesized: resources, agency, and achievement. Accessing and distributing resources for household childcare is a challenge. Agency is a process of women's empowerment that includes mobility, decision-making, authority, motivation, skill, knowledge, and mother's role, all of which can help mothers improve their children's nutrition. The well-being of family members, nutritional status, and anthropometric rise as age progresses are all benefits of women's empowerment.
Women's empowerment was found to be connected with nutritional status WAZ, HAZ, WHZ, and child anthropometry in general, however the data were inconsistent. These inconsistencies were most likely caused by population features, situations, or methods/ conceptualizations of women's empowerment, as well as the specific domains researched. This study also found that different categories of women's empowerment may have varied relationships with child nutrition. Future study should focus on harmonizing definitions of women's empowerment, as well as determining which essential dimensions it should contain and how it should be quantified. In order to determine which policies and programs enhance women's empowerment and, as a result, foster child nutritional well-being, rigorous evaluation work is also required.
Public Health-Based Policy on Stunting Prevention in Pati Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Absori Absori , Hartotok Hartotok , Dimyati Khudzaifah , Nugroho Heru Santoso Wahito , Budiono Arief , Rizka Rizka
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: In Indonesia, the Law on Long-Term Development Goals and the implementing regulations, namely the Health Law and the Food Law and their implementing regulations have stipulated nutritional adequacy for all ages including toddlers to prevent stunting. However, stunting still occurs, including in Pati Regency, Central Java Province.

AIM: This research aims to know and evaluate the stunting program from the Pati Regency, Province of Central Java, Indonesia and to found the solution.

METHODS: This is empirical (non-doctrinal) legal research which aims to analyze the public health-based local government policy in tackling the stunting problem in Pati Regency.

RESULTS: The results of the study indicate that there are eight stages of convergence actions from the public health-based local government policies to accelerate stunting prevention in the Pati Regency. However, the stunting prevention policy as a form of legal protection for children has not succeeded in reducing the stunting prevalence rate in this regency.

CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this research is beneficial to become an input for the Pati Regency Government, Central Java Provincial Government in formulating and evaluating stunting prevention policies in their areas.
Relationship between Neuron-specific Enolase Serum Levels with Lesion Volume and Clinical Outcome in Acute Stroke Patients
Authors: Nasution Irina Kemala , Bangun Steviyani
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is released in the cerebrospinal fluid and bloodstream in response to brain damage. Serum NSE levels can be used as a marker of brain nerve cells either in ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, associated with lesion volume and functional outcome.

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between NSE serum level with lesion volume and functional outcome in acute stroke patients.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 29 patients with ischemic stroke and 29 hemorrhagic strokes admitted to Haji Adam General Hospital. All the subjects were assessed with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, modified Rankin scale (mRS), and assessment of lesion volume.

RESULTS: Subjects consist of 27 male (46.4%) and 31 female (53.4%), with mean age of 61.67 ± 12.26 years. The mean serum NSE levels in stroke patients were 19.79 ± 8.88 ng/ml and lesion volume was 25.09 ± 24.52 ml. There was a significant positive correlation of increase in serum NSE levels with infarct volume (r = 0.863 and p < 0.001) and hemorrhagic volume (r = 0.644 and p < 0.001) and clinical outcome assessed by NIHSS score (r = 0.761 and p < 0.001) and mRS score (r = 0.762 and p < 0.001) in ischemic stroke and NIHSS score (r = 0.525 and p = 0.003), and mRS score (r = 0.468 and p = 0.010) in hemorrhagic stroke.

CONCLUSION: High NSE serum levels in the acute phase were associated with lesion volume and poor outcomes in stroke patients.
The Correlation between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with C-reactive Protein and D-dimer Level among Indonesian COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Rotty Linda , Kurube Jerome , Harijanto Paulus Novian , Wantania Frans , Haroen Harlinda , Hendratta Cecilia , Lasut Pearla , Kawengian Christian , Adiwinata Randy
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted high number of mortalities globally. Several inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers have been studied for predicting and differentiating severe COVID-19 such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer. However, those markers may not readily available in developing countries. AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a widely available and inexpensive laboratory examination, as reliable inflammatory biomarkers for Indonesian COVID-19 patients; by analyzing the correlation of NLR level with CRP and D-dimer plasma level. METHODS: We conducted cross-sectional study in Professor Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital, Manado involving RT-PCR confirmed and hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Lymphocyte count, NLR, CRP, and D-dimer were examined in severe and non-severe COVID-19 cases at hospital admission. Correlation test was done using Spearman correlation test. RESULTS: A total of 40 COVID-19 patients were included in the analysis, with 50% having mild disease and other half having severe disease. The NLR, CRP, and D-dimer were significantly higher in severe COVID-19 group. Significant correlation was found between NLR and CRP (p = 0.001 and r = 0.506) and also with D-dimer level (p = 0.000 and r = 0.570) in differentiating severity of COVID-19. CONCLUSION: NLR is correlated with CRP and D-dimer level; therefore, NLR may serve as reliable, cost-effective, and practical inflammatory biomarker for differentiating severe and non-severe COVID-19 cases.
When FastText Pays Attention: Efficient Estimation of Word Representations using Constrained Positional Weighting
Authors: Novotný Vít , Štefánik Michal , Ayetiran Eniafe Festus , Sojka Petr , Řehůřek Radim
Published: February 2022

In 2018, Mikolov et al. introduced the positional language model, which has characteristics of attention-based neural machine translation models and which achieved state-of-the-art performance on the intrinsic word analogy task. However, the positional model is not practically fast and it has never been evaluated on qualitative criteria or extrinsic tasks. We propose a constrained positional model, which adapts the sparse attention mechanism from neural machine translation to improve the speed of the positional model. We evaluate the positional and constrained positional models on three novel qualitative criteria and on language modeling. We show that the positional and constrained positional models contain interpretable information about the grammatical properties of words and outperform other shallow models on language modeling. We also show that our constrained model outperforms the positional model on language modeling and trains twice as fast.
A Spark Parallel Betweenness Centrality Computation and its Application to Community Detection Problems
Authors: Gomez González Daniel , Llana Díaz Luis , Pareja Cristóbal
Published: February 2022

The Brandes algorithm has the lowest computational complexity for computing the betweenness centrality measures of all nodes or edges in a given graph. Its numerous applications make it one of the most used algorithms in social network analysis. In this work, we provide a parallel version of the algorithm implemented in Spark. The experimental results show that the parallel algorithm scales as the number of cores increases. Finally, we provide a version of the well-known community detection Girvan-Newman algorithm, based on the Spark version of Brandes algorithm.
A genetic assessment of the population structure and demographic history of Odontamblyopus lacepedii (Perciformes, Amblyopinae) from the northwestern Pacific
Authors: Zhao Linlin , Wang Shouqiang , Qu Fangyuan , Liu Zisha , Gao Tianxiang
Published: February 2022

Coupled with geological and geographical history, climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene period had remarkable effects on species biodiversity and distribution along the northwestern Pacific. To detect the population structure and demographic history of Odontamblyopus lacepedii, 547-bp fragments of the mitochondrial DNA control region were sequenced. A low level of nucleotide diversity (0.0065 ± 0.0037) and a high level of haplotype diversity (0.98 ± 0.01) was observed. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference phylogenetic trees showed no significant genealogical structure corresponding to sampling locations. The results of AMOVA and pairwise FST values revealed some significant genetic differentiation among populations, and the isolation by distance (IBD) analysis supported that the genetic differentiation was associated with the geographic distances. The demographic history of O. lacepedii examined by neutrality tests, mismatch distribution analysis, and Bayesian Skyline Plots (BSP) analysis suggested a sudden population expansion, and the expansion time was estimated to be around the Pleistocene. We hypothesize that the climate changes during the Pleistocene, ocean currents, and larval dispersal capabilities have played an important role in shaping contemporary phylogeographic pattern and population structure of O. lacepedii.
Crossover. Les super-héros au croisement du monde de l’enfance et du monde adulte
Authors: Pasquier Emmanuel
Published: February 2022

Comment comprendre la prolifération de l’imagerie des super-héros dans la société contemporaine ? Symptôme de l’infantilisation généralisée, ou expression d’un certain inconscient de la modernité ? Cet article essaye de démêler le réseau de significations mis en œuvre par les différentes figures de super-héros. On montrera que, par-delà son appartenance au genre « pour enfants », la mythologie moderne des super-héros nous parle du rapport que la société industrielle entretient avec sa propre enfance comme force de renouvellement.
Le recours intime au super-héros
Authors: Le Breton David
Published: February 2022

Par sa puissance, son échappée belle au-delà des lois inhérentes à l’humanité ordinaire, le super-héros est un mythe postmoderne, une reformulation des anciens mythes à l’échelle et avec les moyens et les valeurs des mondes contemporains. Le super-héros est un médiateur entre soi et les autres, un chemin de traverse pour échapper à la pesanteur d’être soi, aux blessures intimes, au manque à être. À mi-chemin entre le fantasme et le réel, le héros intériorisé est un bouclier de sens pour conjurer les désarrois ou les souffrances. Appui imaginaire face à l’âpreté du quotidien, il offre une superficielle profondeur en ce que sa simplicité suscite d’innombrables projections individuelles pour des jeunes qui se réapproprient les personnages. Il incarne la puissance et les ressources dont rêve tout adolescent, sans jamais pouvoir les satisfaire.
Les super-héros
Authors: Virole Benoît
Published: February 2022

Nous parcourons quelques interprétations possibles de la présence persistante des super-héros dans notre culture en insistant sur deux éléments : (1) la nature de la surpuissance renvoie à des intuitions cognitives sur le dépassement des limites physiques ; (2) la métamorphose du personnage ordinaire en super-héros, présent dans l’archétype original Superman, est déterminée, au-delà de la nécessité narrative, par une fonction : incarner la dualité fragilité/puissance inhérente au lien social.
Le processus adolescent : une traversée super-héroïque ?
Authors: Vlachopoulou Xanthie , Beulard Carine , Cophornic Virginie , Cunha Silva Cindy , Dumon Patrick , Godard Maximilien , Hirrien Loïck , Losco Eva , Navarro Mathilde , Thomas-Etienne Catherine
Published: February 2022

Le processus adolescent avec la mobilisation psychique qu’il implique amène souvent les jeunes à chercher des appuis identificatoires et des supports fantasmatiques pour accompagner cette traversée. Cet article explore la figure du héros antique et le contexte donnant naissance aux figures mythiques historiques, puis aux super-héros en mettant en parallèle le récit historique qui les entoure et les points de jonction avec le processus adolescent. Une attention particulière est aussi portée aux super-vilains, anti-héros et slashers qui font également partie de la pop culture et qui permettent aussi à l’adolescent de mettre à l’épreuve les parties les plus obscures de sa traversée adolescente.
Le Joker dans le théâtre psychique
Authors: Leroy Arthur
Published: February 2022

Que faire lorsqu’une figure imaginaire négative, tel le Joker, s’impose dans le contre-transfert vis-à-vis d’un patient ? Si les enfants s’identifient souvent à des figures positives de super-héros, les raisons qui les amènent à venir en consultation sont plutôt celles qui les associent à des figures d’inadaptés, de violents, de fous, voire de pervers. L’étude des représentations négatives qui naissent parfois au sein de la relation transférentielle permet de générer de nouvelles perspectives sur le patient. L’analyse de la personnalité du Joker et son écho avec la théorie freudienne sur l’humour, la manie et la fonction du Surmoi, vont amener à établir l’hypothèse que le Joker représente une violente remise en cause des instances psychiques.
Les enjeux de la coparentalité
Authors: Gratton Emmanuel
Published: February 2022

Les configurations familiales, dans leur diversité, questionnent ce qu’un enfant fait de ses héritages filiaux et des loyautés qui lui sont associées. Un enfant a toujours affaire à de la mixité parentale, voire socio-familiale, d’autant que ces deux mixités interagissent entre elles. En distinguant, comme pour la parentalité, les différents axes définis par Houzel, nous définirons les conditions du co-exercice, de la co-expérience et de la co-pratique ou co-éducation parentale, le « co » pouvant désigner deux ou plusieurs personnes, et pas toujours les mêmes sur chaque axe, mais aussi la « pluralité parentale en soi » liée à ses héritages et à son histoire. « Un parent ne suffit pas à faire un enfant ». Un enfant a aussi besoin de toute une société et de ses institutions pour advenir.
Je est un autre… corps
Authors: Brunelle Julie , Condat Agnès
Published: February 2022

Depuis cinq ans, une consultation spécialisée « identité sexuée » s’est ouverte dans le service de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent du Professeur Cohen à la Pitié Salpêtrière. Soixante et onze patients ont été reçus entre septembre 2013 et décembre 2017 et les demandes ne cessent de croître. Elles concernent des enfants prépubères et des adolescents. Dans la rencontre avec les adolescents qui se définissent comme « transgenres », la question du corps sexué est souvent centrale. La puberté venant rappeler pour eux le caractère définitif de l’appartenance au sexe d’assignation de naissance, le réel de l’anatomie déclenche, précipite ou majore la souffrance. Quelle est la nature de cette souffrance ? En particulier, peut-on parler d’une dimension persécutrice de ce corps sexué ? Dans un premier temps, nous préciserons quelques définitions du lexique utilisé dans le champ de la transidentité dont l’évolution est constante. Nous décrirons ensuite la cohorte des adolescents qui ont été reçus à la consultation pour enfin se pencher sur la question du corps sexué chez ces jeunes. Il s’agira d’une approche essentiellement clinique sans prétendre à une théorisation quelconque.
Du corps éprouvé au corps persécuteur : l’expérience limite des adolescents atteints de cancer face à la « violence ordinaire » des traitements oncologiques
Authors: Marioni Gabrielle
Published: February 2022

Cet article interroge la fonction du psychologue au sein de l’équipe pluridisciplinaire dans un service d’oncologie pédiatrique. Cet article présente des situations d’adolescents atteints de cancer, qui sont adressés par les équipes soignantes comme étant potentiellement « déprimés par la maladie » et « à risque de ne plus vouloir poursuivre les protocoles thérapeutiques ». Le corps, en même temps qu’il est soigné, est « attaqué » par la lourdeur des traitements oncologiques et leurs conséquences. Cette violence inhérente aux traitements et les répercussions physiques et psychiques qu’elle induit, est rarement prise en compte pour expliquer la détresse de certains adolescents atteints de cancer, voire peut-être occultée par les équipes soignantes, qui convoquent souvent la violence de la maladie.
Quand la douleur persécute : emprise du corps et corps sous emprise. L’expérience de l’unité de double prise en charge médecine physique et réadaptation – pédopsychiatrie
Authors: Girardon Nicolas , Bremare Amélie , Margot Mélanie , Tognoli Maurice
Published: February 2022

À partir de l’observation d’une adolescente de quinze ans hospitalisée dans une unité de double prise en charge Médecine Physique et Réadaptation – Pédopsychiatrie, une réflexion concernant la psychopathologique sous-jacente est menée afin de mieux comprendre les difficultés de prise en charge de ces adolescents douloureux chroniques.
Effets boomerang d’un passage à l’acte autoagressif d’une jeune adulte
Authors: Margot Mélanie
Published: February 2022

Le corps, au centre des préoccupations de l’adolescent et de sa construction identitaire, peut s’avérer devenir persécuteur après avoir été persécuté suite à un passage à l’acte autoagressif par défenestration. C’est à travers l’étude de la prise en charge d’une jeune adulte que nous mettons en lumière l’impact psychique, moteur, familial et social d’un tel geste.
Le pédopsychiatre et la toxicité de l’omniprésence des écrans
Authors: Bossière Marie-Claude
Published: February 2022

Quelques concepts théoriques du développement de l’enfant sont rappelés afin d’être réexaminés dans un contexte de surexposition des parents et des tout petits aux écrans et technologies numériques. Leurs effets toxiques sous leur forme extrême sont décrits sous le nom de syndrome EPEE. La réticence de certains cliniciens à envisager le rôle toxique de ces technologies est ensuite questionnée en regard de notre savoir constitué par plusieurs générations de théoriciens du psychisme en développement.
Professionnalisation des infirmiers et infirmières scolaires avec un dispositif d’Atelier d’Analyse des Pratiques Professionnelles (AAPP) et dans des formes de rapports aux savoirs
Authors: Frisch Muriel , Paragot Jean-Marc
Published: February 2022

Le travail présenté ici cherche à comprendre les effets produits par un dispositif de formation (les AAPP) dans un processus de professionnalisation du corps professionnel des infirmières au sein de l’institution scolaire, en prenant appui sur le contenu des échanges réalisés, partagés, théorisés. Il vise à mettre en lumière et à caractériser ce qui, dans ce dispositif réflexif, contribue au développement professionnel de chacune des infirmières scolaires. Nous nous focalisons sur l’effort de conceptualisation qui est pour nous un axe fondamental du développement de l’expertise réflexive dans les métiers de l’humain.
Où les mots manquent, dire l'indicible
Authors: Brun Anne-Marie Louise
Published: February 2022

Le polyhandicap confronte les professionnels à des émotions souvent extrêmes, ayant trait à la très grande vulnérabilité, la dépendance, ainsi qu’à l’angoisse de mort. Dans tous les cas, la souffrance est difficilement dicible. L’empêchement verbal des personnes polyhandicapées induisent gestes, « comportements », et/ou cris mettant d'emblée les professionnels à rude épreuve, en les obligeant à chercher à comprendre, sans certitude, ce qui est ressenti et/ou exprimé, manifesté. Mettre des mots, dire la souffrance perçue et ressentie, permet de se recentrer sur ce qui donne du sens au travail, à savoir les relations de confiance, d'échange, forcément toujours précarisées dans un milieu où les modalités de relation sont toujours à même d’être fragilisées.
Quelques remarques à propos de la supervision en ligne
Authors: Leroux Yann
Published: February 2022

L'explosion des technologies numériques suscite généralement des réserves dans la communauté psychanalytique, car leurs caractéristiques semblent être à l’opposé des pratiques psychanalytiques. L’article discute l'utilisation de la technologie numérique par les psychothérapeutes et son application dans le domaine de la supervision. Il défend l’idée que le réseau peut être utilisé dans le cadre de supervisions en ligne à condition de connaître les avantages et les inconvénients de l’Internet. Tous les dispositifs de communication peuvent être utilisés dans le cadre de la supervision en la préparant ou en la prolongeant. La supervision par visioconférence d’une psychothérapeute d’enfant est donnée qu'au-delà de son aspect pratique et utile, la supervision en ligne apporte une diversité culturelle qui peut aider à enrichir la technique et la théorie psychanalytique.
Réflexions autour de l’incarcération des mineurs : le point de vue d’un juge des enfants
Authors: Bouttier-Véron Sophie
Published: February 2022

Quelle est la configuration pour un mineur, qui mène à sa mise en détention ? Selon quels critères ? Comment est-elle motivée et qu’en est-il attendu ? Quel sens cette privation de liberté a-t-elle pour l’adolescent concerné ? Quels sont les risques corrélés ? Peut-on éduquer en prison ? Enfin, de quoi la prison est-elle le nom ? Autant de questions auxquelles l’auteure tentera d’apporter des réponses, non exhaustives.
Le dispositif de la Classe passerelle à la Réunion ou comment développer le sentiment d’appartenance dans un espace intermétiers ?
Authors: Bardy Marie-Laure , Chizat Marie-Hélène , Pedro Cécile , Salvan Aurore , Pelletier Liliane
Published: February 2022

Dans le paysage éducatif français, la Classe passerelle (CP) est un dispositif original qui accueille des enfants de 2-3 ans avec leurs parents. Selon une logique inclusive, notre ambition est d’identifier des leviers susceptibles de développer le sentiment d’appartenance dans cet espace intermétiers (enseignant, Atsem, EJE, parents, enfant…) et repérer des freins à la construction du collectif parents-école. Pour cette étude, nous avons utilisé une triangulation méthodologique (observations en classe puis en réunion, entrevue de groupe) puis procédé à une analyse combinant les résultats de 6 CP observées dans l’académie de La Réunion. Les résultats dévoilent deux facteurs susceptibles de favoriser la participation des acteurs et d’augmenter leur sentiment d’appartenance (leadership inclusif et reconnaissance) et l’idée d’une communauté apprenante.
On a semiring variety generated by $ B^{0}, (B^{0})^{\ast}, A^{0}, N_{2}, T_{2}, Z_2, W_2 $
Authors: Wang Lili ,   School of Science, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China, Wang Aifa , Li Peng
Published: February 2022

We study the semiring variety generated by $ B^{0}, (B^{0})^{\ast}, A^{0}, N_{2}, T_{2}, Z_2, W_2 $. We prove that this variety is finitely based and prove that the lattice of subvarieties of this variety is a distributive lattice of order 2327. Moreover, we deduce this variety is hereditarily finitely based.
LU-Net: combining LSTM and U-Net for sinogram synthesis in sparse-view SPECT reconstruction
Authors: Li Si ,   School of Computer Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China, Ye Wenquan , Li Fenghuan
Published: February 2022

Lowering the dose in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging to reduce the radiation damage to patients has become very significant. In SPECT imaging, lower radiation dose can be achieved by reducing the activity of administered radiotracer, which will lead to projection data with either sparse projection views or reduced photon counts per view. Direct reconstruction of sparse-view projection data may lead to severe ray artifacts in the reconstructed image. Many existing works use neural networks to synthesize the projection data of sparse-view to address the issue of ray artifacts. However, these methods rarely consider the sequence feature of projection data along projection view. This work is dedicated to developing a neural network architecture that accounts for the sequence feature of projection data at adjacent view angles. In this study, we propose a network architecture combining Long Short-Term Memory network (LSTM) and U-Net, dubbed LU-Net, to learn the mapping from sparse-view projection data to full-view data. In particular, the LSTM module in the proposed network architecture can learn the sequence feature of projection data at adjacent angles to synthesize the missing views in the sinogram. All projection data used in the numerical experiment are generated by the Monte Carlo simulation software SIMIND. We evenly sample the full-view sinogram and obtain the 1/2-, 1/3- and 1/4-view projection data, respectively, representing three different levels of view sparsity. We explore the performance of the proposed network architecture at the three simulated view levels. Finally, we employ the preconditioned alternating projection algorithm (PAPA) to reconstruct the synthesized projection data. Compared with U-Net and traditional iterative reconstruction method with total variation regularization as well as PAPA solver (TV-PAPA), the proposed network achieves significant improvement in both global and local quality metrics.