bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Right ventricular laceration caused by sternal wire fracture following cardiac surgery: A case report
Authors: O’Brien Devin J. , Baghaffar Abdullah , EL-Andari Ryaan , DiQuinzio Claudio , Idris Ali
Published: January 2024

Resternotomy for bleeding remains a significant complication with
increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Right ventricular laceration
from fractured sternal wires is rare cause of postoperative bleeding. A
68-year-old man presented for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Postoperatively, he had a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
exacerbation. He initially responded to treatment, and shortly after
mobilizing, acutely decompensated hemodynamically. A bedside echo
revealed significant pericardial effusion. The patient was taken
urgently for re-exploration with a diagnosis of cardiac tamponade. All
sternal wires were fractured, and a right ventricular laceration was
identified. The laceration was repaired, and the patient recovered well
postoperatively. Postoperative hemorrhage can occur in cardiac surgical
patients, but rarely is the cause laceration secondary to sternal wire
fracture. Alternative sternal closure techniques should be considered in
this and other high-risk groups of patients. Patients with sternal
dehiscence should be monitored closely and definitive management should
not be postponed.
The role of CD56 in predicting the prognosis of AML in children
Authors: Liang Tianqi , Peng Zhiyong , Chen Chun , Li Chunfu , Huang Junbin , Pu Chaoke , Li Jian , zheng yongzhi , Feng Xiaoqin , Li Huiping
Published: January 2024

Background: Many cytogenetic changes and gene mutations are associated
with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) survival outcomes. CD56 is related to
poor prognosis when expressed in adult AML. The prognostic value of CD56
in children with AML has rarely been reported. Procedure: To evaluate
the prognostic value of CD56 in childhood AML, multicentric
retrospective study included 224 paediatric patients in two hospitals
between January 2015 and April 2021. Results: The median (range) age was
75 (8-176) months, and the median follow-up time was 31 months. There
was no significant difference in the 3-year overall survival rate
between the CD56-positive and CD56-negative groups (78.4% vs. 73.3%,
P=0.496). For patients who received haematopoietic stem cell
transplantation, there was no significant difference in the 3-year
overall survival rate between the CD56-positive and CD56-negative groups
(59% vs. 63.9%, P=0.922). Multivariate analysis showed that CD56
positivity was not an independent prognostic factor for childhood AML
(hazard ratio 0.85, P=0.648). Furthermore, in children with AML, CD56
positivity was more likely to be associated with the CBFβ-MYH11 mutation
and mixed lineage leukaemia gene rearrangement. Conclusions: In summary,
we demonstrated that CD56 cannot be used as a factor to predict the
prognosis of children with AML.
The Impact of Two Hours of ECG Teaching on Knowledge and Confidence
Authors: Pollock Ailís , O'Sullivan Jenna , Traynor Bryan , Vaughan Carl
Published: January 2024

Background Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation is a core skill
required of all doctors. Despite this, ECG interpretation remains
suboptimal among medical students and doctors in clinical practice. This
study assessed the impact of a short period of ECG teaching provided to
medical students on completion of their academic curriculum. The primary
outcome was the impact on students’ knowledge. The secondary outcome was
the impact on confidence in ECG interpretation. Methods and Results
Prospective cohort study of the impact of 2 hours of ECG teaching
delivered by Cardiology trainees to final year medical students.
Standardised 10 question examinations were given before and after the
session. Questionnaires were given to assess confidence in ECG
interpretation. Of 150 students who received teaching, 141 completed the
pre-course examination and 139 completed the post-course examination
(mean age 25.1 years; 55.5% female; 81.1% undergraduate). There was a
statistically significant improvement in results after the course (p
<0.001). The improvement was most significant in the
assessment of heart rate and STEMI identification. Thirty-nine students
completed feedback questionnaires. There was a statistically significant
improvement in confidence in ECG interpretation (p <0.001).
Conclusions This study showed an improvement in both ECG knowledge and
confidence in ECG interpretation following 2 hours of teaching. The
assessment of simple concepts such as heart rate improved more
significantly than complex concepts such as conduction abnormalities.
Our findings suggest a benefit from dedicated ECG revision programmes to
enhance ECG knowledge and confidence in ECG interpretation.
Stability of Neutral Functional Stochastic Integro-Differential Delay Systems with Impulses
Authors: K DHANALAKSHMI , Balasubramaniam P.
Published: January 2024

In this research work the stability for neutral stochastic functional
integro differential delay systems (NSFIDDSs) with impulses driven by
fractional Brownian motion (fBm). The supremum norm,
It$\hat{o}$’s formula in stochastic settings in
infinite dimensional space and M\”{o}nch fixed point
theorem are effectively utilized to derive the result. The novelties of
this research are listed as (i) the work space is not
$\mathcal{R}$ but the abstract Banach space
$\mathcal{E}$. (ii) the nonlinear function $f$ is
not necessary jointly continuous and satisfies some weaker assumptions.
(iii) the property of Hausdroff measure of noncompactness (HMNC) is
adopted to prove the relatively compactness conditions. Finally, an
example is demonstrated to illustrate the applicability of the obtained
theoretical results.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric oncology patients in the province of Quebec
Authors: Ilinca André , Dakhallah Nawar , Souza Amalia , Liu Jessica , Bérubé Samuel , Brossard Josee , Vezina Catherine , Pelland-Marcotte Marie-Claude , Santiago Raoul , Tran Thai Hoa
Published: January 2024

Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been consistently described with
milder clinical outcomes compared to adults. However, data pertaining to
the clinical evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with cancer
remain scarce. In this descriptive cohort study, we report the clinical
characteristics and outcomes of 31 pediatric oncology patients with
SARS-CoV-2 infection in the province of Quebec, Canada. Most patients
were asymptomatic or had mild symptoms, with only 2 COVID-19-related
hospitalizations and no COVID-19-related deaths. The favorable outcomes
in our cohort may be explained by Quebec’s universal access to health
care and regionalization of pediatric oncology care in tertiary centers
exclusively.
Pain management of newly diagnosed sarcoma patients at a single center
Authors: Yang Peiyi , Su Yan , Zhao Wen , Duan Chao , Li Ying , Zhou Yuchen , Wang Li , Cai Siyu , Zhou Xuan , Ni Xin , Ma Xiaoli
Published: January 2024

Background Systematic pain management of children is not enough in
China, and there is no summary of pain in children with sarcoma. Methods
Collect clinical data of newly diagnosed sarcoma patients admitted to
the Medical Oncology Department of Beijing Children’s Hospital from
October 2018 to December 2020. Pain assessment was completed by
part-time palliative doctors. Children with pain received analgesic
treatment and regular assessment. Results A total of 188 newly diagnosed
sarcoma patients were included. 37 patients (19.7%) suffered from pain.
6 cases (16.2%) had mild pain, 17 (46.0%) moderate, and 14 (37.8%)
severe. The daily life of 31 patients (83.8%) was affected by pain. 26
cases (70.3%) had bone invasion. The analgesic rate was 54.1% (20/37)
before admission and 89.2% (33/37) after admission. 9 cases were
treated with oral morphine regularly, all of whose pain relieved before
chemotherapy, and the actual dose of morphine was 0.14±0.034mg/kgQ4H
when the target was reached. No serious adverse reactions were observed.
The total time of morphine application after chemotherapy was 5-9 days
(median 6 days), and there was no withdrawal reaction during the process
of reduction. Conclusion The pain in children with newly diagnosed
sarcoma was mainly moderate to severe pain, and the incidence of pain in
sarcoma originating from bone or invading bone was higher and the
intensity was more severe. Patients who received standardized pain
assessment and regular analgesic reached pain relief quickly, and no
serious adverse reactions were observed within the recommended dosage.
Clinical Manifestations and Associated Mortality Factors of COVID-19: A large population-based study in Northeast of Iran: 2020-2021
Authors: Shakeri MohammadTaghi , Moodi-Ghalibaf AmirAli , GhodsiMoghadam Masood , Ahmadi Parham , Ghorbannezhad Ghazaleh , Abolbashari Samaneh , Salari Maryam
Published: January 2024

Background: The emergence of the coronavirus disease in late 2019
(COVID-19) has become one of the greatest health problems of the 21st
century. Many aspects of this viral disease are still hidden. The
current study is conducted to investigate COVID-19’s clinical
manifestation, mortality factors, and their association with each other
in the COVID-19 pandemic in Razavi-Khorasan province, Iran. Methods &
Materials: This retrospective epidemiological population-based study was
conducted from January 21, 2020, to March 20, 2021. The data including
demographic characteristics and clinical presentations of the patients
were extracted from the Medical Care Monitoring System (MCMC), disease
management portal in the deputy of health and Hospital Information
System (HIS). Results: A total of 80499 patients were admitted to all
hospitals of Khorasan-Razavi University of Medical Sciences with
laboratory/clinical COVID-19 confirmed disease, between January 2020 and
March 2021. The male-to-female ratio was 1.10:1 and the mean age of our
COVID-19 individuals was 55.67 ± 23.27. The most frequently reported
presenting symptoms at admission were respiratory distress (58.2%),
fever (36.7%), and cough (34.9%), and alternation in smell/taste
(0.9%) was the less frequent. Being male, aging older than 60 years and
having comorbidities were significantly associated with higher mortality
rates. Conclusion: Due to the genetic mutations in the virus and the
emergence of the new variants of the virus, clinical presentations, and
mortality rates of the COVID-19 have been shifted through three reviewed
waves. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of the new
variants of the virus on individuals.
Physiological responses to drought stress and recovery reflect differences in leaf function and microanatomy among grass lineages
Authors: Bachle Seton , Zaricor Marissa , Griffith Daniel , Qiu Fan , Still Chris , Ungerer Mark C. , Nippert Jesse
Published: January 2024

Grasses are cosmopolitan, existing in many biome and climate types from
xeric to tropical. Traits that control physiological responses to
drought vary strongly among grass lineages, suggesting that tolerance
strategies may differ with evolutionary history. Here, we withheld water
from 12 species representing 6 tribes of grasses to compare how tolerant
and intolerant species respond to drought in different grass lineages.
We measured physiological, morphological, and microanatomical traits.
Dominant lineages from tropical savannas, like Andropogoneae, tolerated
drought due to above and belowground morphological traits, while
temperate grasses utilized conservative leaf physiology (gas exchange)
and microanatomy. Increased intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE)
coincided with a larger number of stomata, resulting in greater water
loss (with inherently greater carbon gain) and increased drought
sensitivity. Inherent leaf and root economic strategies impacting
drought response were observed in all species, resulting in either high
SLA or SRL, but not both. Our results indicate that grasses subjected to
severe drought were influenced by microanatomical traits (e.g., number
of stomata and xylem area) which were shared within lineages. In
addition, grasses recovered at least 50% of physiological functioning
across all lineages and 92% within Andropogoneae species, illustrating
how drought can influence functional responses across diverse grass
lineages.
Nitrogen allocation modelling for ecohydrological application: Role of photosynthetic nitrogen in C4 crops under climate change
Authors: Nandan Rohit , Kumar Praveen , Woo Dong , Adinarayana Jagarlapudi
Published: January 2024

Nitrogen is a major constituent of proteins and enzymes that regulates
photosynthetic capacity in plants. We use a novel approach for nitrogen
allocation (N-allocation) that aims to maximize photosynthesis by
allocating nitrogen in plant leaves in two steps: (i). vertical
distribution of leaf nitrogen based on an optimal exponential
distribution through the vertical canopy structure, and (ii). balancing
the leaf-level nitrogen between chlorophyll and rubisco to maintain the
photosynthetic rate. We incorporated this N-allocation approach in a
multilayer canopy‐soil‐root system model (MLCan) that was then validated
for maize (C4) using observed data at Urbana, Illinois, USA. The model
evaluation shows that the N-allocation method established the coupling
between ecohydrological processes and soil-nitrogen dynamics. The
simulation results indicated the strength of feedback between leaf-level
nitrogen and eco-physiological processes. This relationship was affected
by changes in the fertilizers and key climatic variables such as
CO, precipitation and ambient temperature. The
sensitivity of temperature increased after the implication of the
N-allocation method. The vertical profiles of net photosynthetic rate
(A) were resolved based on the vertical distribution of
photosynthetic nitrogen. The increase in temperature lowered the
vertical gradient of photosynthetic nitrogen and in response, the
vertical profile of was reformed.
Mutations in CCNO result in Primary ciliary dyskinesia complicated with diffuse bronchiolitis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Lina , gao liwei , Liu Xiu-Yun , xu baoping
Published: January 2024

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genomic disorder.
The phenotype heterogeneity depends on the genotype. Critical genes
mutant like CCNO had severe respiratory disease, while limited data are
available until now. Case presentation: We presented a patient with
neonatal respiratory distress at birth, and had cough with wheeze for 8
years as flows. According to clinical and imaging findings, screenings
of PCD related genes showed compound heterozygous mutation of CCNO. We
also overviewed the literature of CCNO-related PCD and compared to our
patient. A total of 43 patients from 30 families were enrolled.
Approximately 57.1% (24/42) of individuals were born in the
consanguineous marriage family. Most patients developed onset symptoms
at neonate, accounted for 85.3%. Recurrent respiratory tract infection
(83.3%), neonatal respiratory distress (69.0%), and
sinusitis/rhinorrhea (50.0%) were major manifestations, the subsequents
were chronic cough 15/42(35.7%), and recurrent otitis media (28.6%);
hear losing, infertility, congenital heart defects and hydrocephalus
were rare, but heterotaxy was never seen. Bronchiectasis was the most
common radiologic findings, while the patient in our study presented
with special findings of diffuses small nodular in both lungs like
diffuse pan-bronchiolitis (DPB). Thirteen different CCNO variants were
identified with most located in exon 1 (79.1%, 34/43). Our participant
was identified previously reported c.263_267dupAGCCC and
c.258_262dupGGCCC mutation from her mother and father respectively.
Conclusion: CCNO variants are rare in PCD patients, but it causes more
severe phenotypes than the other genes. Neonatal respiratory distress is
common, and diffuse bronchiolitis could be the radiologic feature of
CCNO-related PCD.
USE OF STATINS IN DENTAL IMPLANTOLOGY AND THEIR IMPACT ON OSSEOINTEGRATION - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Katanec Tomislav , Čivljak Tadej , Gabrić Dragana , Vuletić Marko , Likić Robert
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Statins are one of the most commonly used drugs for
prevention of atherosclerosis and ischemic hearth disease. Statins have
an antibacterial effect against oral pathogens, especially against
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Studies on animals which we analyzed in this article show that statins
promote angiogenesis and osteoblast differentiation, as well they induce
bone metabolism ,stimulates and improves better osseointegration way of
titanium implants. Materials and methods: PubMed, Cochrane Central and
Web of Science database search was performed for animal studies on
statin effects on dental osseointegration. Results : Fifteen studies
performed on laboratory animals were identified where statins were
applied systemically, locally, orally, subcutaneously or intraosseously.
Titan implants of different diameters were placed in tibia and femur of
animals. Conclusion: Statins improved osseointegration and enhanced
contact of implant surface with the newly formed bone, as well as
significantly increased the volume of newly formed bone in lab animals.
On the protected nodes in exponential recursive trees
Authors: Javanian Mehri , Aguech Rafik
Published: January 2024

The exponential recursive trees model several kinds of networks. At each
step of growing of these trees, each node attracts a new node with
probability $p$, or fails to do with probability $1-p$. Here, we
investigate the number of protected nodes, total path length of
protected nodes, and a mean study of the protected node profile of such
trees.
Relapsed Intracranial Non-Germinomatous Germ Cell Tumours: is it possible to achieve long-term survival?
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed , Zacharoulis Stergios , Bodi Istvan , Pace Erika , Mandeville Henry , Stone Joanna , Elias Tony , Zebian Bassel , Carceller Fernando
Published: January 2024

Non-germinomatous germ cell tumours of the central nervous system (CNS
NG-GCT) have no standardized treatment at relapse and prognosis is
dismal. Additionally, limited patient numbers preclude any clinical
trials in this setting. Here we report the case of an adolescent with
relapsed metastatic pineal yolk sac tumour treated with induction
chemotherapy, high dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell
transplant and radiotherapy who is alive and progression-free 5 years
after end of treatment. This experience illustrates the importance of
tumour marker surveillance and that multimodal treatment can salvage
children with relapsed CNS NG-GCT.
CX3CL1 Worsens Cardiorenal Dysfunction and Serves as A Therapeutic Target of Canagliflozin for Cardiorenal Syndrome
Authors: Zheng Cankun , Xuan Wanling , Chen Zhenhuan , Zhang Rui , Huang Xiaoxia , Zhu Yingqi , Ma Siyuan , Chen Kaitong , Chen Lu , He Mingyuan , Lin Hairuo , Liao Wangjun , Bin Jianping , Liao Yulin
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose The prognosis of cardiorenal dysfunction induced
by diabetes mellitus (DM), which belongs to cardiorenal syndrome type 5,
is poor and its pathogenesis remains elusive. Here we attempt to clarify
whether CX3CL1 might be a therapeutic target for cardiorenal dysfunction
in diabetes. Experimental Approach Effects of CX3CL1 on cardiorenal
function, myocardial and renal fibrosis, and apoptosis were examined
using four types of cultured cardiomyocytes or renal cells and two
diabetic mouse models, streptozotocin-induced DM or non-obese diabetic
(NOD) mice. The effect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor
canagliflozin on CX3CL1 expression was also investigated in vivo or in
vitro. Key Results Cardiac and renal CX3CL1 protein levels were
significantly increased in both STZ-induced diabetic mice and NOD mice,
and that hyperglycemia led to persistent CX3CL1 expression in the heart
and kidneys even after it was controlled by insulin. In cultured cardiac
and renal cells, soluble CX3CL1 accelerated mitochondrial-dependent
apoptosis via activation of the RhoA/ROCK1-Bax pathway and promoted
fibrosis through cellular phenotypic trans-differentiation mediated by
the TGFβ/Smad pathway. In the two diabetic mouse models, knockout of
CX3CL1 receptor CX3CR1 or treatment with an CX3CL1 neutralizing antibody
significantly improved cardiorenal dysfunction by inhibiting apoptosis,
mitochondrial dysfunction, and fibrosis. Moreover, sodium glucose
cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin significantly downregulated
cardiac and renal CX3CL1 expression and improved cardiorenal
dysfunction. Conclusions and Implications These findings indicate that
CX3CL1 could be a new therapeutic target for diabetes-induced
cardiorenal dysfunction.
Tiotropium for children and adolescents with severe asthma
Authors: Buendia Jefferson , Guerrer Diana
Published: January 2024

Introduction An important proportion of asthma patients remain
uncontrolled despite using inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting
beta-agonists. Some add-on therapies, such as tiotropium bromide have
been recommended for this subgroup of patients. The purpose of this
study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of tiotropium as add-on
therapies to ICS + LABA for children and adolescents with uncontrolled
allergic asthma. Methods A probabilistic Markov model was created to
estimate the cost and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of patients
with severe asthma in Colombia. Total costs and QALYS of two
interventions including standard therapy (ICS + LABA), add-on therapy
with tiotropium, were calculated over a time horizon from 6 to 18 years.
Probability sensitivity analyses were conducted. Cost-effectiveness was
evaluated at a willingness-to-pay value of $19,000. Results The model
suggests a potential gain of 0.51 QALYs per patient per year on
tiotropium, with a difference of US$265 per patient year with respect
to standard therapy. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio estimated
was U$ 1928 in the deterministic model and US$2,017 in the
probabilistic model after Monte-Carlo simulation. Our base‐case results
were robust to variations in all assumptions and parameters. Conclusion
Add-on therapy with tiotropium was cost-effective when added to usual
care in children and adolescents with severe asthma who remained
uncontrolled despite treatment with medium or high-dose ICS/LABA. Our
study provides evidence that should be used by decision-makers to
improve clinical practice guidelines and should be replicated to
validate their results in other middle-income countries.
Windborne migration amplifies insect-mediated pollination services
Authors: Jia huiru , Liu yongqiang , Li hui , Li xiaokang , Hu chaoxing , Pan yunfei , Zhou xianyong , Wyckhuys Kris , Wu Kongming
Published: January 2024

Worldwide, hoverflies (Syrphidae: Diptera) provide crucial ecosystem
services (ES) such as pollination and biological pest control. Although
many hoverfly species exhibit migratory behavior, the spatiotemporal
facets of these movement dynamics and their ES implications are poorly
understood. In this study, we use long-term (16 yr) trapping records,
trajectory analysis and intrinsic (i.e., isotope, genetic, pollen)
markers to describe migration patterns of the hoverfly Episyrphus
balteatus in China. Our work reveals long-range, windborne migration
with spring migrants originating in northern China and exhibiting return
migration during autumn. The extensive genetic mixing and high genetic
diversity of E. balteatus populations underscore its adaptive capacity
to environmental disturbances e.g., climate change. Pollen markers
further illuminate how E. balteatus visits min. 832 flowering plant
species (38 orders) over space and time. By thus delineating E.
balteatus trans-regional movements and pollination networks, we advance
our understanding of its migration ecology and facilitate the design of
targeted strategies to conserve and enhance its ecosystem services.
Acute kidney injury and childhood acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Limratchapong Chompoonut , Sophark Praewa , Vachvanichsanong Prayong , McNeil Edward , Chotsampancharoen Thirachit
Published: January 2024

Background: Pediatric data on the epidemiology of acute kidney injury
(AKI) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are limited, although the
incidence of AKI appears to be very high in this patient group. The aim
of this study was to assess the prevalence of and factors associated
with AKI in childhood AML during chemotherapy treatment. Materials and
methods: The medical records of 112 children aged under 15 years
diagnosed with AML who received chemotherapy in a major tertiary care
referral center in Southern Thailand were reviewed. Logistic regression
was used to identify factors associated with AKI. Results: Fifty-six
(50%) children had 69 AKI events. The median time from AML diagnosis to
the first AKI was 29.5 days (interquartile range: 11.0-92.8). Age at
diagnosis ≥ 10 years (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.09-6.93), glomerular filtration
rate < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 at AML diagnosis (OR 7.58, 95% CI
1.89-30.5) and septic shock (OR 22.0, 95% CI 4.63-104.3) were
independently associated with AKI. Conclusions: Childhood AML has a high
rate of renal injury with 50% having AKI. Age ≥ 10 years at diagnosis,
impaired renal function before treatment, and septic shock were strongly
associated with AKI.
High-quality genome assembly of Cinnamomum burmannii (chvar. Borneol) provides insights into phylogenetic relationship within Cinnamomum and natural borneol biosynthesis
Authors: Li Fangping , Huang Shiling , Mei Yu , Wu Bingqi , Hou Zhuangwei , Zhan Pengling , Cai Shike , Liu Qingmei , Hou Zhihao , Wang Jingming , Wang Shu , Zhao Junliang , Wang jihua
Published: January 2024

Cinnamomum burmannii is an important medicinal and industrial plant as
its key source for natural borneol (D-borneol), one of the precious
materials and widely used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly of Mei
Pian Tree (C. burmannii (chvar. Borneol)), a chemotype of C. burmannii
containing high content of natural borneol. The assembled genome size
was 1.14 GB with a scaffold N50 of 94.30 Mb, while 98.77% of the
assembled sequences were anchored on 12 pseudochromosomes including
41549 protein-coding genes. Comparative genomic analysis revealed C.
burmannii and C. micranthum，shared two Lauraceae unique ancestral
whole-genome duplication (WGD) events, and strong collinearity was
detected between these two species. The analysis for repetitive sequence
indicated the outbreak of LTR-RTs insertion made a great contribution to
the size difference of genomes between C. burmannii and C. micranthum.
Pathways and transcriptome analysis demonstrated differential expression
of genes involve in MEP may be the main factors for D-Borneol production
differences between the two chemotypes (chvar. Borneol/Wild). We also
identified and their differential expressions were further analyzed in
various biological tissues. Finally, we constructed the genome database
(CAMD; http://www.cinnamomumdatabase.com/) of Cinnamomum species. The
present study provided the first high quality genome of C. burmannii and
comprehensive analysis of the biosynthesis pathway of natural borneol.
We also provided novel insights into the molecular basic for chemotypes.
These results will shed light on the understanding of the evolution of
Lauraceae plants and genetic improvement of this commercially important
plant.
A new look at the Diels-Alder reaction between hexachlorocyclopentadiene and dichloroethylene: A Molecular Electron Density Theory study
Authors: Kącka-Zych Agnieszka , Olszewska Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

The Diels-Alder (DA) reaction between hexachlorocyclopentadiene and
1,2-dichloroethylene has been studied using the Molecular Electron
Density Theory (MEDT) through Density Functional Theory (DFT)
calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. The electronics structure of
the reagents has been characterized through the Electron Localization
Function (ELF) and the Conceptual DFT (CDFT). The DA reaction of
hexachlorocyclopentadiene with 1,2-dichloroetylene proceeds via a
synchronous or low asynchronous one-step mechanism. Based on the
conducted research, two-step mechanism with biradical intermediate was
completely ruled out. BET study of the DA reaction shows that this
reaction is topologically characterized by nine different phases. The
reaction begin by the rupture of the double bonds in substrate
molecules. Formation of first C-C sigma bond takes place in phase VII,
while the second C-C sigma bond take place in the phase IX. Formation of
these two single bonds takes place by sharing the non-bonding electron
densities of the two pairs of pseudoradical centers.
The melatonergic agonist agomelatine ameliorates high fat diet-induced obesity in mice through the modulation of the gut microbiome.
Authors: Diez-Echave Patricia , Vezza Teresa , Algieri Francesca , Ruiz-Malagón Antonio Jesús , Garcia Laura Hidalgo , Garcia Federico , Moron Rocio , Sanchez-Santos Manuel , Toral Marta , Romero Miguel , Duarte Juan , Garrido-Mesa Jose , Rodriguez-Cabezas Maria Elena , Rodríguez-Nogales Alba , Galvez Julio
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Melatonin has shown beneficial effects on
obesity, both in humans and experimental models, via regulating the
altered circadian rhythm and thus ameliorating the gut dysbiosis
associated with this metabolic condition. However, its clinical use is
limited, mostly due to its short half-life. Agomelatine is an agonist of
the melatonin receptors that could be used to manage obesity and offer a
better profile than melatonin. Experimental Approach: Male C57BL/6 mice
were fed a high fat diet and orally treated for five weeks with
agomelatine, or melatonin or metformin, used as control drugs. Metabolic
profile, inflammatory status, vascular dysfunction and intestinal
microbiota composition were assessed. Key Results: Agomelatine lessened
body weight gain, enhanced glucose and lipid metabolisms, and improved
insulin resistance. It also reduced the obesity-associated inflammatory
status and endothelial dysfunction, probably linked to its effect on gut
dysbiosis, consisting of the restoration of bacterial populations with
key functions, such as short chain fatty acid production. Conclusions
and Implications: Agomelatine can be considered as a novel therapeutic
tool for the management of human obesity and its associated
comorbidities.
Identification and molecular characterization of novel viruses in Ugandan cattle.
Authors: Mugisha Lawrence , Balinandi Stephen , Hayer Juliette , Cholleti Harindranath , Wille Michelle , Lutwama Julius J. , Malmberg Maja
Published: January 2024

The risk for the emergence of novel viral zoonotic diseases in Uganda is
high due to favourable climatic conditions, high biodiversity, and
attendant anthropogenic factors, thus warranting a broad investigation
of potential disease-causing agents in animals. In this study, we aimed
to identify and characterize viruses in blood samples from cattle from
five selected districts of Uganda (Kasese, Hoima, Gulu, Soroti and
Moroto), using both pan-PCR and metagenomic RNA sequencing approaches.
From a total of 175 blood samples, we identified 8 viral species
belonging to 4 families ( Flaviviridae, Peribunyaviridae,
Reoviridae and Rhabdoviridae) and 6 genera ( Hepacivirus,
Pestivirus, Orthobunyavirus, Coltivirus, Dinovernavirus and
Ephemerovirus). Four of the identified viruses were novel and
have been tetantively named as Zikole virus (Family:
Flaviviridae), Zeboroti virus (Family: Reoviridae),
Zebtine virus (Family: Rhabdoviridae) and Kokolu virus (Family:
Rhabdoviridae). In addition, Bovine hepacivirus, Obodhiang virus
and Schmallenberg virus were detected for the first time in Ugandan
cattle. We also identified Aedes pseudoscutellaris reovirus, a
hitherto insect-specific virus, in animals from Kasese and Hoima
districts, respectively. Our findings reveal that cattle in Uganda
harbor a broad range of viruses including novel viruses of unknown
zoonotic potential. These results highlight potential serious
implications for the management of animal health and their productivity
while protecting the public from risks of zoonotic disease transmission.
Adverse Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes of Patients with History of Recurrent Miscarriage: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Jinwen , Rao LIN , Ma Ruixiang , Wu weibin , chen cailian , Lin Yi , Liu Xiao-Rui
Published: January 2024

Objective: To examine the associations between a history of recurrent
miscarriage (RM) and obstetric and perinatal outcomes in the subsequent
pregnancy. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: A large tertiary
maternity hospital in Shanghai, China. Population: 118,375 deliveries
booked for antenatal care and delivery between 01/2014 and 08/2021.
Methods: Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were compared among 1,994
women (1.83%) with a history of two or more miscarriages (RM), 11,477
women (10.55%) with a history of one miscarriage, and 95,321 women
(87.62%) with no history of miscarriage, respectively. Logistic
regression analyses were performed, adjusting for potential confounders.
Main Outcome Measures: Obstetric complications included gestational
diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia (sub-classified as preterm and term
preeclampsia), placenta previa, placenta accrete, foetal distress, and
preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes (PPROM). Perinatal outcomes
included mal-presentations, induction, post-partum haemorrhage, preterm
birth, stillbirth, Apgar score <7, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal
sex, and congenital malformation. Results: There was an increased risk
of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in a subsequent pregnancy
for women with a history of RM, including placental dysfunction
disorders [preterm preeclampsia (odds ratio [OR]=1.60; 95%
confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-2.50), PPROM (OR=1.39; 95% CI:
1.10-1.75), preterm birth (OR=1.40; 95% CI: 1.19-1.64)], and abnormal
placentation (placenta previa [OR=1.79; 95% CI: 1.38-2.34], and
placenta accrete [OR=4.25; 95% CI: 2.84-6.37]), after adjusting for
relevant confounders. Conclusions: Significant associations existed
between RM and adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes like placental
dysfunction disorders and abnormal placentation. Careful surveillance is
required in pregnancies following RM, for early detection of possible
complications.
A type Ⅱ heterojunction α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 for heterogeneous photo-Fenton degradation of phenol
Authors: Ge Fuxiang , Li Xuehua , Li Xiaobing , Ding Hui , Wu Mian
Published: January 2024

Phenol is difficult to be naturally degraded due to its benzene ring and
is also serious harmful to human health. Heterogeneous photo-Fenton is
an effective method of chemical oxidation to remove phenol in wastewater
with environmental friendliness and sustainability. Herein, one
composite α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 for heterogeneous photo-Fenton has been
synthesized by hydrothermal first and then calcination using FeCl3•6H2O
and g-C3N4 as raw materials. The catalyst shows wide visible-light
responsive feature, tight heterojunction structure and superior electron
transfer ability, which finally lead to significant improvement on
degradation efficiency. Based hydroxyl radical of scavenger results, one
type Ⅱ heterojunction was proposed to explain the transfer and migration
of photoelectrons under internal electronic field. The accumulated
electrons in the CB reduced ≡Fe(Ⅲ) to ≡Fe(Ⅱ) in active site of solid
α-Fe2O3. This work provides a facile and new method to synthesize
α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 and as an effective heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst
for environmental remediation.
Function and mechanism study of the lncRNA uc.375 for arrest of alveolar development in bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Bao Tianping , Zhu Haiyan , Zheng Yafei , hu jingjing , Wang Huifang , Cheng huaiping , zhang yuan , zhaofang tian
Published: January 2024

we identified a molecular effector mechanism of the lncRNA uc.375 in
lung tissue of BPD using lncRNA microarray, bioinformatics, and
functional studies. We found that uc.375 is mainly distributed in AEC
II, and low expression in BPD mice AEC II. Silencing uc.375 promoted the
apoptosis of MLE 12 cells, reduced their proliferation and
differentiation, and promoted the apoptosis-related factor caspase 3,
inhibited the expression of MLE 12 specific secretion SP-C, bcl2 and
UCP2. On the contrary, after overexpressing uc.375, the opposite results
were obtained. Silencing uc.375 while silencing FoxA1 inhibited MLE 12
apoptosis, promoted their proliferation, inhibited apoptosis-related
factor caspase3, and promoted the expression of MLE 12-specific
secretions SP-C , bcl2 and UCP2. On the contrary, overexpression of
uc.375 and FoxA1 at the same time, the result is opposite. uc.375
negatively regulates FoxA1 expression, affects alveolar development, and
plays an important role in the occurrence and development of BPD. In
summary, this study clarified the exact mechanism of uc.375 in the
occurrence and development of BPD. we identiﬁed that it may provide a
new molecular target for the prevention and treatment of BPD.
The role of the Twist1-Tie2-Angs signaling pathway in hyperoxia-induced endothelial cell injury
Authors: He Shasha , Lei Xiaoping , Zhu Xiaodan , Kang Lan , Ma Lu , DONG WENBIN
Published: January 2024

Background：Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease
of premature infants that involves pulmonary vascular development
disorder as the main pathological feature; hyperoxia is its main
etiology. Twist1 strictly controls the development of blood vessels via
the Tie2-Angs signaling axis. However, previous research on Twist1
mainly focuses on various tumors; its effect on BPD has yet to be
reported. The present study represents the first investigation of the
role and related mechanisms of the Twist1-Tie2-Angs signaling pathway in
hyperoxia-induced endothelial cell injury. Methods: Primary human
umbilical vein endothelial cells were used as an in vitro model. A
Twist1 inhibitor (harmine) was applied to normal and hyperoxia-exposed
endothelial cells. Then, we observed the permeability and tubule
formation ability of endothelial cells after reducing Twist1 protein.
Results: Hyperoxia increased the permeability of endothelial cells and
decreased tubule formation ability. Under physiological conditions
dominated by angiogenin 1 (Ang1), reducing the expression of Twist1
increases the permeability of endothelial cells and reduces tubule
formation ability. In contrast, under hyperoxia conditions dominated by
angiogenin 2 (Ang2), reducing the expression of Twist1 reduced the
permeability of endothelial cells and increased tubule formation
ability. Conclusion: Twist1 depends on the balance of Ang1 and Ang2 to
control the permeability and tubule formation of endothelial cells.
Reducing the levels of Twist1 may be a protective mechanism for BPD.
Nanoparticles, Nanofibers and Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Pollutants Removal in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Zamel Doaa , Khan Atta Ullah , Waris Abdul , Ebrahim Asmaa , Ahmed Nour El-Din
Published: January 2024

Wastewater is not only a problem but also a precious source of water
that has to be utilized wisely to solve the issue of the water crisis.
Prior efforts have been done towards wastewater treatment and recycling,
however, more solutions still required eliminating the water crisis over
the entire world. As known, modernization increases water crisis
problems over time that’s why scientists need to introduce new insights
and materials to offer alternative approaches for the treatment of
wastewater to be ready for usage to face the high demand for water in
industry, agriculture, etc. Nanotechnology has played a magic role in
the last decades in the treatment of wastewater by shaping materials
into several morphologies such as particles, rods, spheres, fibers, etc.
These morphologies have higher surface areas and pore-sized structures
in comparison with bulk materials which lead to their great efficiencies
and adsorption capacities. However, new ideas and insights need to be
incorporated for better solutions with fewer cost properties. This
review sheds the light on what has been done on the nanotechnological
scale, the materials utilized and the efficiencies achieved. It may open
new approaches and insights for researchers and scientists to find new
methods and materials for effective contaminants elimination and water
recycling.
High-throughput detection and screening of biological ingredients in Shenling Baizhu San by shotgun metabarcoding
Authors: Mu Weishan , Zhang Zhaolei , Zhao Qing , Kong Weijun , Zhao Hongye , Liu Yanze , Liu Jinxin , Shi Linchun
Published: January 2024

High-throughput detection and screening of biological ingredients in a
single bulk sample containing a wide range of taxa still have
considerable problems. Recently, a new approach named “shotgun
metabarcoding” combining shotgun sequencing and multiple barcodes has
been proposed. Here, Shenling Baizhu San (SLBZS), a traditional patent
medicine composed of ten plant and fungus ingredients was used to test
its species detection capability. Mock and pharmaceutical samples of
SLBZS were collected, and a total of 39.52 Gb of raw data were obtained
via PCR-free shotgun sequencing. All ingredients made for mock samples
can be successfully re-detected except Coix lacryma-jobi was failed to
be detected in the second mock sample, and the positive control, the
roots of Panax quinquefolius, can be re-detected in the second mock
sample. For pharmaceutical samples, not only labeled ingredients but
also adulterants, e.g. P. quinquefolius, were detected in a sample. The
presence of P. quinquefolius was verified using the SNP detection method
with a pair of Panax specific primers. In addition, 18 genera of fungal
species were detected in both mock and pharmaceutical samples, however,
the total number of fungal reads was relatively small. As a result, this
study confirmed that shotgun metabarcoding could authenticate all the
biological ingredients of SLBZS, has the potential to enable genomic
analyses ideally of all species a single bulk sample.
First micro-transcriptome of the third instar larvae of Anastrepha obliqua and analysis of its association with polyphagia in plants
Authors: Lucumi Cesar Lemos , Velasco-Cuervo Sandra M. , Toro-Perea Nelson
Published: January 2024

Phytophagous insects are organisms that use any part of a plant as a
food resource. Within this group, we focused on the pest insect
Anastrepha obliqua, a fly that feeds on fruits of plants of different
species and causes economic losses on the American continent. The
ability of the larvae of this species to feed on various fruits
(polyphagia) has been studied from different perspectives but never at
the level of microRNAs. These interfering RNAs can regulate gene
expression in tissues and organs of an organism. The objective of this
work was to obtain the first micro-transcriptome and to determine its
expression levels and possible target mRNAs when the third instar larvae
of the species A. obliqua feed on fruits of plants of three different
species: Spondias purpurea, Mangifera indica, and Averrhoa star fruit. A
total of 116 microRNAs were identified in the study, of which 37 were
completely new. 54 microRNAs were expressed in all larvae, regardless of
the fruit, while 44 were detected in larvae that fed on a specific
fruit. 21 microRNAs showed differential expression, and the annotation
of the targets showed that these interfering RNAs have important genes
that play roles in the development, feeding and detoxification of the
larvae as possible targets. The construction of the first
micro-transcriptome and the identification of possible targets for A.
obliqua provide new information for understanding the mechanisms that
control gene expression in this species of dipteran.
Use of monitoring extreme strain data for failure probability analysis of concrete bridge girder: An optimal vine Gaussian-copula model
Authors: Liu Yue , Fan Xue
Published: January 2024

In this article, a new analysis method for the failure probability of
bridge girder is presented. Firstly, considering the correlation among
multiple monitored variables, the optimal regular vine model is
established based on the monitored extreme strain data; secondly, the
optimal regular vine model about the multiple performance functions
corresponding to the failure modes of the multiple monitored points, is
given, further, through combining the proposed optimal regular vine
model with bivariate Pair-Copula model and first order second moment
method, the bridge girder failure probability considering the
correlation of the performance functions, is analyzed; finally, the
monitored extreme strain data of an existing bridge is provided to
illustrate the feasibility and application of the proposed model and
method.
Experimental evaluation of furosemide and/or tadalafil in conventional and nanoparticle forms in prevention of chronic renal failure induced in rats.
Authors: hamdy moustafa , rahman mahran abdel. , badary dalia , sabra mahmoud
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a progressive loss of renal
function that lead to reduced sodium filtration and inappropriate
suppression of tubular reabsorption that ultimately leads to volume
expansion. To improve treatment outcomes, the aim of this study was to
evaluate the possible renoprotective effect of tadalafil and furosemide,
individually and in combination, in both conventional and nanoforms in
adenine-induced CRF rat-model. Methods: Addition of 0.75% adenine to
the diet of rats for 4 weeks gained general acceptance as a model to
study kidney damage as this intervention mimicked most of the structural
and functional changes seen in human chronic kidney disease Urine
analysis, histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression
of caspase-3 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in renal tissues were performed.
Results: Our results showed that the combination of tadalafil and
furosemide using conventional and nanoparticle formulations revealed a
beneficial therapeutic effect in the treatment of CRF. This was
demonstrated by improvement of urinary, serum and renal tissue markers
as indicative of organ damage. This was also reflected on the reduction
of tubular expression of KIM-1 and NGAL. Immunohistochemical studies
showed that significant increase in the number of apoptotic tubular
cells indicated by increased expression of caspase-3 in CRF. These
deteriorated renal cellular changes were improved by the treatment of
rats with the investigated drugs. Results from ELISA showed that IL-1β
was reduced by such treatment in kidney tissue. Conclusion: Tadalafil
and furosemide improved the biochemical, histopathological and
immunohistochemistry changes in adenine-induced CRF which strongly
support the renopreventive effects of investigated drugs in particular
the nanoparticle forms.
COMPARING GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES USING WESTERN AND ASIA-PACIFIC BODY MASS INDEX
Authors: Badar Surinah Haji , Kisut Ramlah , Rahman Hanif Abdul , ABDUL-MUMIN Khadizah H. , TENGAH Armah
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate gestational weight gain (according to the
Institute of Medicine recommendation) and pregnancy outcomes by
comparing the Western and Asia-Pacific Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index.
Design: A retrospective study. Setting: Maternal and Child Health
Clinics in Brunei. Population or Sample: Health medical records of
mothers. Methods: Demographic factors, pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index,
gestational weight gain, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were
retrieved. Univariate analyses were applied. Main outcome measures:
Maternal and neonatal outcomes. Results: 170 records were extracted.
Adverse neonatal outcomes (p=0.036) were detected when gestational
weight gain was evaluated using the Asia-Pacific pre-pregnancy Body Mass
Index as compared to that of the Western (p=0.440). The prevalence of
obese women was significantly higher (95%CI: 36.0, 51.3) compared to
(95%CI: 11.4, 23.1)(p<0.001). The gestational weight gain
above the recommended guideline was also significantly higher (95%CI:
71.1, 84.0) compared to (95%CI: 60.6, 75.0) (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Evaluating gestational weight gain using the Asia-Pacific
pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and the Institute of Medicine guidelines
was significant in detecting adverse neonatal outcomes and prevalence of
obesity in the Asian pregnant women population in Brunei. This
retrospective study served as a platform for more rigorous study on
larger population.