METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE PATHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF DISEASES AND FOREST PESTS ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF FORESTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF FORESTRY BLANCHES OF THE CENTRAL INTERREGIONAL FORESTRY AND HUNTING MENEGMENT AND NATURE PROTECTION RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF THE POLISSKY NATURE RESERVE
Authors: Levchenko Valery , Shulga Igor , Fuchylo Yaroslav , Romanyuk Аlla , Karpovych Marina , Hornovska Svitlana 
Published: December 2023

The question of modern innovative methodological approaches to the assessment of the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests in the context of the use of tree-ring chronologies in the conditions of the production units of the branches of the Central Interregional Administration of Forestry and Hunting, as well as the Selezivskyi, Perganskyi, Kopyshchanskyi nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve, is substantiated. A practical test of modern, innovative, methodological approaches in the protection of Ukrainian forests from the dangerous pathological effects of diseases and forest pests was carried out, as well as the effectiveness of the use of the method of tree-ring chronologies of arriving and mature stands in determining early and late growth as the main factors for monitoring the physiological and forest pathological condition was analyzed. trees The effectiveness of the practical application of the methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary state of forests using dendrochronological monitoring in the conditions of the forestry branches of the Central Interregional Forestry and Hunting Management, as well as the environmental protection and research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve was evaluated.The subject of the work is the approbation of the methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on their sanitary condition in the conditions of the forestry branches of the Central Interregional Administration of Forestry and Hunting, as well as the environmental protection scientific research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve, the evaluation of the practical application of the innovative methodology for determining the current phytosanitary condition with using the results of the analysis of the condition of the early and late growths of arriving and mature Scots pine stands in forest vegetation conditions A1-2, B1-2, determining the effectiveness of the proposed methodology regarding the possibility of its further application both in research institutions and in the conditions of forest protection, forest tax production facilities and organizations. A comparison of the scientific results of the application of the methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary condition obtained in production conditions was carried out using the analysis of current increments of tree-ring chronologies, which subsequently makes it possible to determine the physiological and immunological state of forest plantations as in the conditions of the forestry branches of the Central Interregional Administration forestry and hunting, as well as in the conditions of nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve. Approbation of the proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary state using tree-ring chronologies as a method of forest pathological indication of damage to the forest stand, as well as the determination of the physiological, pathological, immunological, resistant state of forests as in the forest plant conditions of the branches of the Central Interregional Forestry and Hunting Administration economy, as well as in the nature protection research departments of the Polissiky Nature Reserve, and in the conditions of forestry enterprises in the Central Polissiya zone.The purpose of the work is a comprehensive comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of our proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary state of forests in forest vegetation conditions A1-2, B1-2 with existing, generally accepted methodologies for assessing the pathological state of forests, determining the possibility of its implementation for use in production the conditions of the branches of the Central Interregional Administration of Forestry and Hunting, nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve, as well as the Central Polissiya zone as a whole.The main methods of conducting research on the study and evaluation of the effectiveness of the methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary condition of forests in the conditions of the forestry branches of the Central Interregional Directorate of Forestry and Hunting, as well as the environmental protection and research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve were:1. Computational and analytical for the collection and processing of research results of our proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary condition, as well as the existing classical method of conducting forest pathological monitoring of stands in forest vegetation conditions A1-2, B1-2 branches of the Central Interregional Forestry and of the hunting industry, as well as nature protection and research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve.2. Conducting complex phytopathological monitoring of forest plantations in the conditions of A1-2, B1-2 branches of the Central Interregional Directorate of Forestry and Hunting, as well as nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve, comparison of the obtained results with the results of already existing, generally accepted and generally recognized methodologies that are already used by scientific and research institutions, as well as industrial forest protection enterprises, for monitoring forest plantations and identifying signs of diseases and damage to stands by pests, statistical analysis of the obtained results, their analytical comparison with the results of the application of already existing forest pathology methodologies for assessing the phytopathological state of forests such as Zhytomyr Polissya, as well as the Central Polissya zone as a whole.3. Assessment of the representativeness and objectivity of the obtained research results in relation to all objects of both the nature reserve fund and forestry enterprises of the Central Polissiya zone of Ukraine on the example of branches of the Central Interregional Forestry and Hunting Management, as well as nature protection scientific research departments of the Polissky Natural reserve4. Practical testing of the proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary condition of forests both in the forest vegetation conditions of the Polissky Nature Reserve and forestry enterprises in the entire Central Polissya zone.According to the results of the work, it was established that the methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on their sanitary condition will in the future provide an opportunity to determine the sanitary, including phytopathological and entomological condition of forest plantations both in the conditions of the branches of the Central Interregional Administration of Forestry and Hunting, and nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve. It was established that the application of the proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on their sanitary condition will in the future provide a practical opportunity to predict the occurrence of epiphytotia and the spread of forest pests to other areas of forest use as in forest vegetation conditions. It was determined that the proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary condition provides a practical opportunity to carry out preventive measures in advance in the forests of the branches of the Central Interregional Directorate of Forestry and Hunting, which prevent the spread of pathogens and the spread of pests to the adjacent territories of forest uses in the conditions of forestry enterprises the entire zone of the Central Polissya of Ukraine.The field of application of the research results is forestry branches of the Central Interregional Forestry and Hunting Management, nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve and objects of the Nature Reserve Fund of Ukraine, research institutions and organizations, production forest protection enterprises, forestry enterprises of the Central Polissya zone of Ukraine.The conclusions of the research are that today due to weather and climate changes both in the natural forest ecosystems of the branches of the Central Interregional Administration of Forestry and Hunting, and in the nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve, such pathogens as root fungus, pine fungus , diseases of tree trunks and crowns, root and heart rots of wood became widespread in the form of epiphytotia. Such forest pests as: odd silkworm, spruce sawfly, horntail, apex and six-toothed bark beetles, small and large barbels, passing moth, long-nosed beetles, typographer bark beetle, oak leafroller (leaf beetle), head nematodes, shoot borers, pine bug, - massively damage growing and mature forest stands. The proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary state of forests is based on the application of silvicultural, phytopathological, entomological, and taxing methods for monitoring forest damage both in the conditions of forestry branches of the Central Interregional Directorate of Forestry and Hunting, and nature protection research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve in forest vegetation conditions A1-2, B1-2 will in the future provide a practical opportunity to conduct timely monitoring of the state of forests, to design and implement measures in advance to prevent the occurrence of epiphytophytes of pathogens, the spread of dangerous forest pests, to reduce the risks of damage and destruction of forest plants as much as possible forest stands both in the conditions of forestry enterprises and in the conditions of the nature reserve fund of the Central Polissya zone of Ukraine. The methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary condition will in the future provide a practical opportunity to make a timely and effective forecast of possible foci of disease, reproduction of pests, dynamics and directions of their spread, assessment of the destruction and damage of forest stands, determination of probable economic losses from the pathogenesis of diseases entomological activity of pests. The practical use of the proposed methodology for assessing the pathological impact of diseases and forest pests on the sanitary condition will make it possible to predict and determine epiphytophytic centers of causative agents of root and pine fungus, a complex of diseases of tree trunks and crowns, the occurrence and large-scale spread of such rather dangerous forest pests as: odd silkworm, spruce sawfly , horntail, apex and six-toothed bark beetles, small and large barbel, passing moth, long-nosed beetles, typographer's bark beetle, oak leafroller (leaf beetle), head nematode, shoot weevil, pine bug, as well as early planning and implementation of measures to prevent the spread pathogens and dangerous forest pests to other areas of forest use. The use of wood-ring chronologies in the context of the proposed methodology will make it possible to assess the physiological and immunological state of the examined trees based on the state of early and late wood growth and to predict further actions to limit the spread of disease pathogens or pest damage. The proposed methodology for carrying out forest pathological monitoring surveys using the dendrochronological method makes it possible to carry out practical preventive measures to limit the spread of extremely dangerous pathogens and forest pests both in the conditions of the forestry branches of the Central Interregional Forestry and Hunting Management, as well as the nature protection and research departments of the Polissky Nature Reserve and the Central Polissya zone as a whole.Keywords: forest, diseases, pests, method, tree ring chronologies, monitoring, forecast, prevention, protection.