bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural and functional characterization of protein isolate from Lepidium sativum with antioxidant and antidiabetic activities
Authors: Kadam Deepak , Kadam Aayushi , Tungare Kanchanlata , Arte Priyamvada , Lele S. S.
Published: September 2022

The extraction of protein from Lepidium sativum (LS) seed cake was optimized to obtain a yield of 18.32% at an alkali concentration of 0.16 M, buffer to sample ratio of 1/25 (w/v), a period of extraction of 15 min at 25°C. The physicochemical attributes, amino acid composition as well as functional properties of Lepidium sativum protein isolate (LSPI) were evaluated. Determining amino acid composition indicated that the isolated protein is a decent source of dietary essential amino acids with 41.36% being essential amino acids. The secondary structure of LSPI was mainly constituted by β-structures. Further, the protein isolate exhibited an excellent solubility profile at basic pH. Experimental data obtained from physicochemical analysis implies that the LSPI had excellent water holding and oil absorption capacity, emulsification property, foaming capacity and stability. LSPI exhibited significant antioxidant, anti-diabetic and protein digestibility activities making them an excellent candidate for nutritional food development.
Tectonic environment and provenance analysis of the Late Triassic Gande Formation in northern Bayan Har: Constraints from the Geochemistry of clastic rocks and U-Pb zircon dating
Authors: tian guanghao
Published: September 2022

Gande formation is one of the Mesozoic sedimentary strata in Bayankala mountain area,On the basis of previous studies,Based on the petrology of clastic rocks of Gande formation,Rock geochemistry, U-Pb zircon dating,The sedimentary age, tectonic environment and provenance of the Gande formation are discussed.The tectonic setting of the source area of Gande formation is active continental margin and continental island arc.The Kunlun West Qinling continental arc is one of the main provenances of the Gande formation,The clastic materials come from collision orogenic belt and subduction subduction suture belt.The U-Pb zircon ages of detrital zircons from the Gande formation are mainly concentrated at 266Ma and 285Ma in the late Paleozoic,458Ma in the early Paleozoic,1600Ma,1800Ma and 2500Ma in the Proterozoic.Hercynian Indosinian and Caledonian magmatism is the main source of detrital zircons in this area.
Study of the use of dredged sand as an alternative to beach sand and coastal dunes for coastal preservation
Authors: Noufid Abdelhamid , Hidar Nadia , Feddaoui M’barek
Published: September 2022

The need for construction sand needs to increase due to the increase in population. The use of dunes and coastal sand disfigures shorelines and the consequences are alarming. It is therefore necessary to consider replacing these resources with other more ecological ones. Hence the purpose of this article. In this paper, we study the correct formulation of concrete using dredged sand, respecting the standards, and analyze the impact of this new material on the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete. This article aims to evaluate the effects of 9 formulations, used as substitutes for ordinary sand, on the physico-chemical and mechanical properties. The experimental results have shown that the dredged sand affects the properties of the concrete, but respecting the standards in force. This mode of incorporation also has an environmental advantage over the substitution of concrete for dredged sand, as it reduces the disfigurement of the coasts. The paper studies dredge sands from two regions namely Azemour and Mehdia.
Accurate Prediction of Global Mean Temperature through Data Analytics
Authors: Niyogi Debdarsan , Sriniva Jayaraman
Published: September 2022

There is a need to predict how the Global Mean Temperature (GMT) will evolve in the next few decades so that all nations can plan their reduction in the use of fossil fuels. The ability to predict historical data is a necessary first step towards the actual goal of making long-range forecasts. This paper examines the advantage of statistical and simpler Machine Learning (ML) methods instead of directly using complex ML algorithms and Deep Learning Neural Networks (DNN). Systematic data preparation methods have been applied as they have often been shown to offer predictive advantages to ML methods. The GMT time series is treated both as a univariate time series and also cast as a regression problem. Some steps of data preparation were found to be effective. Some simple ML methods did as well or better than the more well-known ones showing merit in trying a large bouquet of algorithms as a first step. The GMT data were divided into training and testing datasets. Predictions for the annual GMT testing data were better than that published so far, with the lowest RMSE value of 0.02 degree C. RMSE for five-year mean GMT values for the test data ranged from 0.00002 to 0.00036 degree C.
ACMFNN: Design of an augmented convolutional model for intelligent cross-domain malware localization via forensic neural networks
Authors: Beg Rijvan , Pateriya R. K , Tomar Deepak Singh
Published: September 2022

Classification of malwares from spatial & temporal data patterns requires efficient design of deep learning models. These models deploy methods for feature extraction, feature selection, classification & post-processing to perform this task. A wide variety of high-efficiency malware analysis models are proposed by researchers, and most of them are application-specific, thus cannot be scaled to multiple domains. Out of these, only a few of these models are targeted towards identification of malware locations. In order to improve malware detection scalability, and localization performance, this text proposes a novel augmented convolutional model (ACM) for intelligent cross-domain malware analysis via forensic neural networks (FNNs). The FNNs are designed as an integration of multiple augmented convolutional models, which include different optimizers & feature extraction units. In this design, each of these units are customized to improve their feature extraction & selection capabilities, which assists in improving classification performance. Results of classification are given to an ACM layer, which performs feature augmentation to localize malware positions in input data. The proposed model was evaluated on multiple malware datasets, including Electro RAT, Pegasus, SkyGoFree, Viking Horde, Bat Skull, Yesmile, Wirenet, Jigsaw, Satana, Tapaoux, etc. It was observed that the proposed model was able to classify these malwares with an average accuracy of 98.5%, which makes it useful for real-time malware analysis. The model was also able to achieve an average localization accuracy of 79.6% across these datasets, thereby assisting forensic experts to obtain an approximate estimate of malware locations in input data streams. This performance was compared with some of the recently proposed malware detection models, and it was observed that the proposed ACMFNN method has 8% better precision, 6.5% better recall, and 9.4% better classification accuracy when compared with these methods on the same dataset. Due to augmented convolutional model, it was observed that the proposed approach had 15% better localization accuracy, 19% better localization precision, and 14% better localization recall when compared with these methods. Thereby indicating that the propose model is applicable for a wide variety of malware detection & localization application deployments.
Phylogenetic study of Elona quimperiana (Gastropoda: Elonidae): identification of a new mitochondrial haplogroup
Authors: Somoza-Valdeolmillos Eder , Gómez-Moliner Benjamín J. , Caro Amaia , Chueca Luis J. , Puente Ana I. , Madeira María J.
Published: September 2022

The land snail Elona quimperiana is listed in annexes II and IV of the Europe Habitats Directive. In this study, phylogenetic relationships between populations of this protected species from its whole distribution range were reconstructed based on the sequencing of two mtDNA gene fragments (COI and 16S rRNA) and one nDNA gene fragment (ITS2). Haplotype networks were also generated for the COI and 16S rRNA gene fragments. Results yielded three main intraspecific phylogroups here designated as the lineages Brittany-Spain, Basque and Navarre-Rioja. This last lineage had not been identified previously. Genetic distances between the three main phylogroups indicate they were formed by allopatric populations before the Last Glacial Maximum, and then separately evolved in three refugia in the Iberian Peninsula. We here propose that each phylogroup is considered an Evolutionarily Significant Unit. Through extended sampling, we were able to delimit the geographic distribution of all three lineages. Finally, our genetic results support post-glacial colonization of this species from the northeastern Iberian Peninsula to Brittany in NW-France as suggested previously and rule out its recent anthropic introduction.
UD Gheg Pear Stories: An annotated treebank of Gheg Albanian as spoken in Switzerland
Authors: Ebert Christian , Kuqi Adrian , Widmer Paul , Sonnenhauser Barbara
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the Gheg Albanian Pear Stories treebank to be released in Nov. 2022, which is the first resource for Gheg in the Universal Dependencies (UD) treebank collection (Nivre et al. 2020). It also provides a special combination of spoken modality and heritage language, which both are underrepresented in UD and corpus resources in general. We provide a short description of the grammatical features of Gheg, and how they translate to categories in the UD annotation scheme in contrast with the Standard Albanian resources of Kote et al. (2019) and Toska, Nivre, and Zeman (2020). Special reference is given to the challenges arising from the spoken modality and the multi-lingual context, like disfluency, repair, and code-switching.
Assessment of infraorbital foramen position using CT-Scan in a cohort of Cameroonian adults : landmarks in facial surgery and anesthesiology
Authors: Désiré Akaba , Ebogo Messina , Amougou Mballa , Essono Ntcham , Zogo Ongolo
Published: September 2022

Backgroung: the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is a hole located in the maxillary bone and delivering passage to the infra orbital vascular-nervous bundle. It is an essential structure in the management of orofacial pathologies. Its precise location allows optimal anesthesia of the infraorbital nerve during cleft lip and palate surgery or alcoholization during the management of essential V2 neuralgia. The aim of our research was to determine the morphology and morphometry of the infraorbital foramen in a sample of the Cameroonian population.
Methods: we included 208 CT-Scans of patients meeting our search criteria. We determined the shape of the IOF and evaluated the transverse and vertical diameters of the IOF. We assessed the distance of the IOF from the maxillary alveolar crest, the lateral border of the piriform aperture and the infraorbital margin. The Student test was used to determine the association between different variables. the P-value of 0.05 was considered significant and the confidence interval was 95%.
Results: The mean transverse diameter of the left IOF was 1.97 mm ± 0.51 while 1.78 mm ± 0.53. The IOF was more often medial to the lateral palpebral commissure- nasal wing line on the left and right (78.8% and 72.6%, respectively). Our sample showed that in 35.6% (n=94) of subjects, the IOF was round on the left, whereas it was round in 45.2% (n=94) of patients.
Conclusion: the position of the IOF is of particular interest in the management of facial pathologies. Knowing its location makes it possible to avoid a section of the infraorbital neurovascular bundle that can cause sometimes irreversible sequelae.
Thoracolumbar fascial injury in osteoporotic vertebral fracture: the important concomitant damage
Authors: Deng Zicheng , Feng Tao , Wu Xiexing , Yu Zilin , Xie Haifeng , Yang Huilin , Niu Junjie
Published: September 2022

Background: Thoracolumbar fascia injury (FI) is rarely discussed in osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) patients in previous literature and it is usually neglected and treated as an unmeaning phenomenon. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the thoracolumbar fascial injury and further discuss its clinical significance in the treatment of kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) patients.
Methods: Based on the presence or absence of FI, 223 OVF patients were divided into two groups. The demographics of patients with and without FI were compared. The visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index scores were compared preoperatively and after PKP treatment between these groups.
Results: Thoracolumbarfascia injuries were observed in 27.8% of patients. Most FI showed a multi-level distribution pattern which involved a mean of 3.3 levels. Location of fractures, severity of fractures and severity of trauma were significantly different between patients with and without FI. In further comparison, severity of trauma were significantly different between patients with severe and non-severe FI. In patients with FI, VAS and ODI scores of 3 days and 1 month after PKP treatment were significantly worse 3 days and 1 month after PKP treatment compared to those without FI. It showed the same trend in VAS and ODI scores in patients with severe FI when compared to those patients with non-severe FI.
Conclusions: FI is not rare in OVF patients and presents multiple levels of involvement. The more serious trauma suffered, the more severe thoracolumbar fascial injury presented. The presence of FI which was related to residual back pain significantly affected the effectiveness of PKP in treating OVFs. Prolonged bed rest should be prescribed postoperatively for OVF patients with FI.
Control of Phytophthora and Rhizoctonia Root Rot on Red Maple Using Fungicides and Biofungicides
Authors: Parajuli Madhav , Baysal-Gurel Fulya
Published: September 2022

Phytophthora nicotianae and Rhizoctonia solani are the well-described soilborne pathogens of concern causing Phytophthora and Rhizoctonia root rot, respectively, of red maple plants (Acer rubrum L.), resulting in substantial economic losses to nursery growers. The management of root and crown rot disease of red maple is a big challenge. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of several fungicide and biofungicide products to control Phytophthora and Rhizoctonia root rot on red maple plants in greenhouse conditions. Treatments, including fungicides and biofungicides, and nontreated and inoculated and nontreated and noninoculated as controls were arranged in a completely randomized design with six replications. Red maples planted in number 1 nursery containers were artificially inoculated with P. nicotianae or R. solani. Plant height, plant width, total fresh weight, and root fresh weight were measured and roots were assessed for root rot disease severity based on a scale of 0% to 100% root damaged. The pathogen recovery percentage of plant roots was determined by culturing ten randomly selected root pieces (≈1 cm long) cut from the root tips on Phytophthora selective medium (PARPH-V8) or Rhizoctonia semi-selective medium. All tested fungicides and biofungicides reduced Phytophthora and Rhizoctonia root rot on red maple plants compared with the nontreated and inoculated control. Likewise, pathogen recovery was lower for fungicide-treated and biofungicide-treated plants. Fungicides, such as mefenoxam, oxathiapiprolin, pyraclostrobin plus boscalid, and pyraclostrobin provided the most effective control of Phytophthora root rot. Pyraclostrobin plus boscalid and pyraclostrobin followed by biofungicides Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain F727 and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain T-22 plus T. virens strain G-41 were most effective for suppressing Rhizoctonia root rot. There were no differences in plant height, plant width, plant fresh weight, and root fresh weight among the treatments. These findings will help nursery producers make decisions while formulating soilborne disease management strategies for red maple production.
Telescoped boiling and cooling mechanisms triggered hydrothermal stibnite precipitation: Insights from the world’s largest antimony deposit in Xikuangshan China
Authors: Yu Hao-Cheng , Qiu Kun-Feng , Simon Adam C. , Wang Da , Mathur Ryan , Wan Ruo-Qi , Jiang Xiang-Yong , Deng Jun
Published: September 2022

Society annually consumes 250% more Sb relative to the year 1960 and a sustainable supply of antimony depends critically on understanding the precipitation mechanism of stibnite (Sb2S3) that is the globally predominant source of this important technology metal. Previous solubility studies revealed that antimony is transported in mesothermal hydrothermal fluids mainly as the aqueous species thioantimonite (H2Sb2S4, HSb2S4−, Sb2S42−) and hydroxothioantimonite [Sb2S2(OH)2]. Thioantimonite can transform to hydroxothioantimonite with a decline of H2S concentration. However, whether this transition occurs in hydrothermal systems and its role in stibnite precipitation are unknown. In this work, bulk Sb isotope measurements for stibnite from the world’s largest Sb deposit in Xikuangshan China were conducted to address ore fluid evolution and stibnite precipitation mechanisms. The abundance of the stable antimony isotopes 121Sb and 123Sb were measured in stibnite from the Xikuangshan orebodies and reported as δ123Sb. The δ123Sb values show a trend of decreasing first and then increasing from proximal to distal parts of orebodies. This reveals that 123Sb had been preferentially partitioned from the ore fluid into stibnite first, then 123Sb remained preferentially dissolved in the ore fluid. These data indicate that the dominant Sb-complex transforms to Sb2S2(OH)2 from H2Sb2S4 with consumption of H2S. Speciation diagram considerations indicate that stibnite precipitation from the ore fluid was controlled by two telescoped processes: (1) boiling of the ore fluid induced a decrease in H2S that reduced the solubility of H2Sb2S4, and (2) subsequent cooling that induced a decrease in the solubility of Sb2S2(OH)2. This study highlights that understanding the controls of Sb isotope fractionation is critical to constrain fluid evolution and stibnite precipitation mechanisms in Sb-rich mineral systems. In particular, the stable Sb complex in the hydrothermal ore fluid may change during fluid evolution and affect the isotope fractionation mechanism.
Fluorine behavior during experimental muscovite dehydration melting and natural partitioning between micas: Implications for the petrogenesis of peraluminous leucogranites and pegmatites
Authors: Sallet Ricardo , Price Jonathan D. , Ribeiro Carlos , Hollanda Maria Helena B.M. , Sayeg Isaac J. , Harlov Daniel
Published: September 2022

Fluorine behavior during the partial melting of two mica-bearing protoliths has been experimentally investigated at 700 to 930 °C and 0.4 and 0.6 GPa. Muscovite dehydration and H2O-HF fluid-assisted partial-melting experiments were carried out using both a natural and synthetic two-mica schist made of natural micas. The mineral composition of the experiments was assessed by BSE imaging and EDS analyses. The F, Cl, and major elements contents of the glass and micas were determined by EPMA.

The muscovite dehydration melting reaction is muscovite + quartz + plagioclase = peraluminous melt + biotite + sillimanite + potassic feldspar ± hercynite. The starting biotite stays largely stable, showing only minor melt + ilmenite and trace magnetite formation in the cleavages. The newly formed biotite shows similar F contents and a slightly higher XSid component when compared to the starting biotite. HF-added experiments yield F-rich newly formed biotite.

The experimentally produced melts were of a peraluminous leucogranitic composition with F contents increasing with F-rich protoliths. The bulk partition coefficient DFschist/melt increases from 0.5 to 3.0 when the F content of the protolith rises from 0.05 to 1.2 wt%. The partition coefficient, DFBt/melt, increases from 2.0 to 6.0 where the biotite MgO content increases from 5 to 18 wt%. The natural partition coefficient DFBt/Ms, measured for a set of rocks with a varied lithology from the Seridó Belt, northeastern Brazil, was 2.7 ± 0.5.

The F partition coefficients measured in this study, along with published F partition coefficients between biotite and melt, biotite and muscovite, and fluid and melt, allow for the modeling of F behavior during muscovite dehydration and fluid-present melting. F-rich, two-mica protoliths will increase F partitioning in favor of the micaceous anatectic residue compared to the peraluminous melt. Furthermore, the model indicates that the more Fe-rich the schist and its residual biotite are, the higher the F content of the melt and the fluid. Fluorine-rich peraluminous leucogranites and related fluids may be generated by the anatexis of F- and Fe-rich, two-mica protoliths. As F can be a complexing ligand for Li, Be, Cs, Nb, Ta, W, Sn, and U, muscovite dehydration could potentially be associated with metallic occurrences associated with peraluminous melts.
Maestros víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano y memoria histórica en el marco de la ley 1448 de 2011
Authors: Menco González Eduardo de Jesús
Published: September 2022

La participación de las víctimas del conflicto armado interno en el marco de la implementación de la Ley 1448 de 2011 ha sido significativa. Con la puesta en marcha del conjunto de acciones y disposiciones por parte del Estado colombiano en materia de atención, asistencia y reparación a víctimas, se ha evidenciado cómo personas y grupos han decidido contribuir a la verdad del conflicto. En este sentido, los maestros y maestras víctimas han hecho aportes valiosos; muchos han asumido la Memoria Histórica como un instrumento válido para esclarecer los hechos de la guerra y para promover las garantías de no repetición. Sin embargo, se hace necesario que la participación de este grupo poblacional sea mayor, especialmente si lo hace haciendo uso de procesos organizativos en calidad de sujetos de derechos con responsabilidad política y social de cara a trabajar por una cultura de paz.
Multimodal learning: How task types affect learning of students with reading difficulties
Authors: Thao Sunjung Kim , Lombardino Linda Jean , Tibi Sana , Gleghorn Amber
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The prevalence of multimedia technology in the current educational settings has increased the need for investigating how individual differences such as reading difficulties moderate multimedia learning. Given that instructional designs closely interact with task characteristics and requirements, we aimed to explore how students with reading difficulties perform various types of learning tasks within the context of multimedia instruction.Methods: College students with and without reading difficulties viewed a multimedia lesson on stem cell research while their eye movements were recorded. After viewing the multimedia slides, students completed four tasks pertaining to the content provided in the lesson.Results: Students with reading difficulties performed poorer than their peers on the procedural task while the groups’ performance did not differ on definitional, infographic, and argumentative tasks. Further, there was no difference in the eye fixation counts and gaze duration between the two groups.Conclusions: Our findings underscore the importance of an awareness that the types of tasks used to assess students’ knowledge may impact their performance. Information of this nature may be useful in determining optimal learning experiences for students with learning difficulties.
A Brief Educational Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Intervention in an Infectious Disease Clinic: Protocol for a Case Series Study
Authors: Dalton Cynthia , Cornelius Judith , Davis Bernard
Published: September 2022

Background

Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) remain the highest group infected with HIV despite treatment with medications known as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). PrEP in combination with safer sex practices has shown efficacy in preventing HIV infection. Despite awareness campaigns, PrEP uptake remains low among BMSM. While brief educational interventions have value in fast-paced clinical settings with limited appointment times, a brief PrEP educational intervention has not been initiated with BMSM in a fast-paced outpatient infectious disease clinic in North Carolina.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of initiating a brief PrEP educational intervention to reduce HIV infection rates in BMSM in a fast-paced infectious disease clinic delivered by a doctoral-prepared nurse practitioner.

Methods

This case-series study uses a brief educational intervention to develop and pilot-test a brief PrEP educational uptake intervention with BMSM. The participants met with the nurse practitioner at 3 different time points: baseline, 4 weeks later (first visit), and at the 3-month follow-up (second visit). We used a pretest-posttest design to examine the primary outcomes of PrEP knowledge, medication adherence, and sexually transmitted infection outcomes.

Results

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the recruitment process was delayed. From November 1, 2019, to August 30, 2021, a total of 7 participants consented to participate in the study. Data analysis will be completed by the end of September 2022. We will submit a manuscript for publication consideration by December 2022.

Conclusions

Brief educational interventions delivered in a fast-paced infectious disease clinic have the potential to increase PrEP awareness and knowledge, medication adherence, and decreased rates of sexually transmitted diseases in BMSM. This protocol will contribute to the literature on the development of brief PrEP educational interventions and has the potential to be generalized to other populations (eg, women and adolescents).

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR1-10.2196/33093
Personalized Energy Expenditure Estimation: Visual Sensing Approach With Deep Learning
Authors: Perrett Toby , Masullo Alessandro , Damen Dima , Burghardt Tilo , Craddock Ian , Mirmehdi Majid
Published: September 2022

Background

Calorimetry is both expensive and obtrusive but provides the only way to accurately measure energy expenditure in daily living activities of any specific person, as different people can use different amounts of energy despite performing the same actions in the same manner. Deep learning video analysis techniques have traditionally required a lot of data to train; however, recent advances in few-shot learning, where only a few training examples are necessary, have made developing personalized models without a calorimeter a possibility.

Objective

The primary aim of this study is to determine which activities are most well suited to calibrate a vision-based personalized deep learning calorie estimation system for daily living activities.

Methods

The SPHERE (Sensor Platform for Healthcare in a Residential Environment) Calorie data set is used, which features 10 participants performing 11 daily living activities totaling 4.5 hours of footage. Calorimeter and video data are available for all recordings. A deep learning method is used to regress calorie predictions from video.

Results

Models are personalized with 32 seconds from all 11 actions in the data set, and mean square error (MSE) is taken against a calorimeter ground truth. The best single action for calibration is wipe (1.40 MSE). The best pair of actions are sweep and sit (1.09 MSE). This compares favorably to using a whole 30-minute sequence containing 11 actions to calibrate (1.06 MSE).

Conclusions

A vision-based deep learning energy expenditure estimation system for a wide range of daily living activities can be calibrated to a specific person with footage and calorimeter data from 32 seconds of sweeping and 32 seconds of sitting.
Perceptions of, and Obstacles to, SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Among Adults in Lebanon: Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Abou-Arraj Nadeem Elias , Maddah Diana , Buhamdan Vanessa , Abbas Roua , Jawad Nadine Kamel , Karaki Fatima , Alami Nael H , Geldsetzer Pascal
Published: September 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic is an additional burden on Lebanon’s fragmented health care system and adds to its ongoing political, economic, and refugee crises. Vaccination is an important means of reducing the impact of the pandemic.

Objective

Our study’s aims were to (1) assess the prevalences of intention to vaccinate and vaccine hesitancy in Lebanon; (2) determine how vaccine hesitancy in Lebanon varies by sociodemographic, economic, and geographic characteristics; and (3) understand individuals’ motivations for vaccinating as well as concerns and obstacles to vaccination.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional study from January 29, 2021, to March 11, 2021, using an online questionnaire of open- and closed-ended questions in Arabic via convenience “snowball” sampling to assess the perceptions of adults residing in Lebanon.

Results

Of the 1185 adults who participated in the survey, 46.1% (95% CI: 43.2%-49.0%) intended to receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine when available to them, 19.0% (95% CI 16.8%-21.4%) indicated they would not, and 34.0% (95% CI 31.3%-36.8%) were unsure (with an additional 0.9% skipping this question). The most common reasons for hesitancy were concerns about safety, limited testing, side effects, and efficacy. Top motivations for vaccinating were to protect oneself, protect one’s family and the public, and end the pandemic. Despite financial hardships in Lebanon, barriers to vaccine access were not frequently described as concerns. Established health care facilities, rather than new temporary vaccination centers, were most frequently selected as preferred vaccination sites.

Conclusions

Vaccine hesitancy appears to be high in Lebanon. Disseminating clear, consistent, evidence-based safety and efficacy information on vaccines may help reduce vaccine hesitancy, especially among the large proportion of adults who appear to be unsure about (rather than opposed to) vaccination.
Social Media Perceptions and Internet Verification Skills Associated With Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Decision-Making Among Parents of Children and Adolescents: Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Thompson Erika L , Preston Sharice M , Francis Jenny K R , Rodriguez Serena A , Pruitt Sandi L , Blackwell James-Michael , Tiro Jasmin A
Published: September 2022

Background

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for children aged 11-12 years in the United States. One factor that may contribute to low national HPV vaccine uptake is parental exposure to misinformation on social media.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the association between parents’ perceptions of the HPV vaccine information on social media and internet verification strategies used with the HPV vaccine decision-making stage for their child.

Methods

Parents of children and adolescents aged 9-17 years were recruited for a cross-sectional survey in North Texas (n=1192) and classified into 3 groups: children and adolescents who (1) were vaccinated, (2) unvaccinated and did not want the vaccine, and (3) unvaccinated and wanted the vaccine. Multinomial logistic regression models were estimated to identify factors associated with the HPV vaccine decision-making stage with children and adolescents who were vaccinated as the referent group.

Results

Of the 1192 respondents, 44.7% (n=533) had an HPV-vaccinated child, 38.8% (n=463) had an unvaccinated child and did not want the vaccine, and 16.4% (n=196) had an unvaccinated child and wanted the vaccine. Respondents were less likely to be “undecided/not wanting the vaccine” if they agreed that HPV information on social media is credible (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.40, 95% CI 0.26-0.60; P=.001), disagreed that social media makes them question the HPV vaccine (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.15-0.33; P<.001), or had a higher internet verification score (aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62-0.88; P<.001).

Conclusions

Interventions that promote web-based health literacy skills are needed so parents can protect their families from misinformation and make informed health care decisions.
Development of an Alcohol Refusal Training in Immersive Virtual Reality for Patients With Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability and Alcohol Use Disorder: Cocreation With Experts in Addiction Care (Preprint)
Authors: Langener Simon , Kolkmeier Jan , VanDerNagel Joanne , Klaassen Randy , van Manen Jeannette , Heylen Dirk
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

People with mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID; IQ=50-85) are at risk for developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD). One factor contributing to this risk is sensitivity to peer pressure. Hence, tailored trainings are needed to practice alcohol refusal in impacted patients. Immersive virtual reality (IVR) appears promising to engage patients in dialogs with virtual humans, allowing to practice alcohol refusal realistically. However, requirements for such an IVR have not been studied for MBID/AUD.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop an IVR alcohol refusal training for patients with MBID and AUD. In this work, we cocreated our peer pressure simulation with experienced experts in addiction care.

METHODS

We followed the Persuasive System Design (PSD) model to develop our IVR alcohol refusal training. With 5 experts from a Dutch addiction clinic for patients with MBID, we held 3 focus groups to design the virtual environment, persuasive virtual human(s), and persuasive dialog. Subsequently, we developed our initial IVR prototype and conducted another focus group to evaluate IVR and procedures for clinical usage, resulting in our final peer pressure simulation.

RESULTS

Our experts described visiting a friend at home with multiple friends as the most relevant peer pressure situation in the clinical setting. Based on the identified requirements, we developed a social-housing apartment with multiple virtual friends present. Moreover, we embedded a virtual man with generic appearance to exert peer pressure using a persuasive dialog. Patients can respond to persuasive attempts by selecting (refusal) responses with varying degrees of risk for relapse in alcohol use. Our evaluation showed that experts value a realistic and interactable IVR. However, experts identified lacking persuasive design elements, such as paralanguage, for our virtual human. For clinical usage, a user-centered customization is needed to prevent adverse effects. Further, interventions should be therapist delivered to avoid try-and-error in patients with MBID. Lastly, we identified factors for immersion, as well as facilitators and barriers for IVR accessibility.

CONCLUSIONS

Our work establishes an initial PSD for IVR for alcohol refusal trainings in patients with MBID and AUD. With this, scholars can create comparable simulations by performing an analogous cocreation, replicate findings, and identify active PSD elements. For peer pressure, conveying emotional information in a virtual human’s voice (eg, paralanguage) seems vital. However, previous rapport building may be needed to ensure that virtual humans are perceived as cognitively capable entities. Future work should validate our PSD with patients and start developing IVR treatment protocols using interdisciplinary teams.
Implementation and Effectiveness of a Learning Collaborative to Improve Palliative Care for Seriously Ill Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Kurella Tamura Manjula , Holdsworth Laura , Stedman Margaret , Aldous Annette , Asch Steven M. , Han Jialin , Harbert Glenda , Lorenz Karl A. , Malcolm Elizabeth , Nicklas Amanda , Moss Alvin H. , Lupu Dale E.
Published: September 2022

Background and objectives

Limited implementation of palliative care practices in hemodialysis may contribute to end-of-life care that is intensive and not patient centered. We determined whether a learning collaborative for hemodialysis center providers improved delivery of palliative care best practices.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Ten US hemodialysis centers participated in a pre-post study targeting seriously ill patients between April 2019 and September 2020. Three practices were prioritized: screening for serious illness, goals of care discussions, and use of a palliative dialysis care pathway. The collaborative educational bundle consisted of learning sessions, communication skills training, and implementation support. The primary outcome was change in the probability of complete advance care planning documentation among seriously ill patients. Health care utilization was a secondary outcome, and implementation outcomes of acceptability, adoption, feasibility, and penetration were assessed using mixed methods.

Results

One center dropped out due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Among the remaining nine centers, 20% (273 of 1395) of patients were identified as seriously ill preimplementation, and 16% (203 of 1254) were identified as seriously ill postimplementation. From the preimplementation to postimplementation period, the adjusted probability of complete advance care planning documentation among seriously ill patients increased by 34.5 percentage points (95% confidence interval, 4.4 to 68.5). There was no difference in mortality or in utilization of palliative hemodialysis, hospice referral, or hemodialysis discontinuation. Screening for serious illness was widely adopted, and goals of care discussions were adopted with incomplete integration. There was limited adoption of a palliative dialysis care pathway.

Conclusions

A learning collaborative for hemodialysis centers spanning the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was associated with adoption of serious illness screening and goals of care discussions as well as improved documentation of advance care planning for seriously ill patients.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

Pathways Project: Kidney Supportive Care, NCT04125537
ЦЕРКОВЬ И ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ РУСИНОВ УГОРСКОЙ РУСИ В XIX – НАЧАЛЕ ХХ ВЕКА
Authors: Sevcenko Kiril
Published: September 2022

Статья анализирует положение и эволюцию греко-католической церкви на территории исторической Угорской Руси, которая до 1919 г. являлась составной частью Венгрии. Если до середины XIX в. значительная часть греко-католического духовенства стремилась способствовать культурно-национальному развитию угорских русинов, то со второй половины XIX в. греко-католическая церковь превратилась в эффективный инструмент национальной политики Будапешта, способствуя мадьяризации русинов. Деятельность униатского духовенства была направлена на ассимиляцию русинов Угорской Руси. В первую очередь это проявилось в сфере образования и в церковной сфере.
PRONICLJIVO O PROBLEMU KOSOVA
Authors: Draskovic Bojan
Published: September 2022

Osvrt na knjigu:

Miloš Knežević: Dijalozi o Kosovu i Metohiji – kritika predloga teritorijalne podele Kosova i Metohije, Institut za političke studije, Beograd, 2021, str. 563
VOJSKA I DRŽAVA: POČECI MODERNE SRPSKE VOJSKE
Authors: Bodrozic Djuro
Published: September 2022

Stvaranje moderne srpske vojske predstavljalo je proces skopčan s mnogim teškoćama, istim onim koje je trebalo prebroditi da bi se zasnovala moderna srpska državnost. Trebalo je podneti žrtve i primiti rizike da bi se uspelo, a uspelo se ponajpre zato što je postojala javna svest da vojska znači državu i da država znači vojsku. Takva svest bila je opšta, delili su je, uprkos brojnim međusobnim razlikama, svi akteri društvenog života u Srbiji – politički delatnici, kulturni i javni radnici. I što je najvažnije, svest o značaju vojske imao je celokupni narod. U ovom radu činimo osvrt na same početke nastajanja srpske vojske i srpske države – vreme vožda Karađorđa i kneza Miloša.
„NOVI HLADNI RAT“: DEFINICIJE, PERSPEKTIVE I MOGUĆI ISHODI
Authors: Nikolic Goran , Curcic Petar
Published: September 2022

Rad ima za cilj da ispita same terminološke kontroverze vezane za pojam novog hladnog rata. Intencija rada je i da se odgovori na pitanje šta će odlučititi pobednika u sukobu dve sile, posebno u kontekstu američko-kineskog „trgovinskog rata” koji je smanjio međusobnu zavisnost dve strane, dajući prostor za divergentnije spoljnopolitičko ponašanje. Dodatno, namera rada je i analiza uticaja rata u Ukrajini i sankcija prema Ruskoj Federaciji na odnose Vašingtona i Pekinga. Analizom sadržaja relevantne literature došlo se do sledećih zaključaka: (a) Intelektualni alati „starog hladnog rata“ i „obuzdavanja“ ne mogu puno pomoći kreatorima politike u Vašingtonu i Pekingu da se nose sa geopolitičkim izazovima današnjice; (b) Iako Vašington i Peking insistiraju da nisu u „novom hladnom ratu“, takva analogija je sve češća u diskusijama o odnosima dve države i one se često ponašaju kao da su u njemu. Suštinski element starog hladnog rata – „stanje neprijateljstva bez oružanog sukoba“ – je prisutan, pošto obe zemlje traže moć i uticaj, ili žele da opstruišu ili obuzdaju jedna drugu gradeći nove bezbednosne arhitekture, trgovinske i finansijske režime i razvijajući sisteme regulacije tehnologije i globalnih normi; v) Duboke veze između ekonomija dve suprostavljene supersile, međusobna zavisnost od tehnologije, trgovine i podataka nikada nisu postojale u originalnom Hladnom ratu, a prekid privredne saradnje gurnuo bi obe države i svet u duboku višegodišnju depresiju. Ova međupovezanost otvara mogućnosti koegzistencije, koje mogu dovesti i do kraja tzv. „Drugog hladnog rata“.
POSTSOVJETSKA UKRAJINA: SUBJEKTIVNO-OBJEKTIVNI POGLED NA ISTORIJU NEUSPELE DRŽAVE
Authors: Popov Eduard
Published: September 2022

Prva ukrajinska država pojavila se na političkoj mapi Evrope kao rezultat političkih preokreta u Rusiji (Rusko carstvo) pre nešto više od 100 godina (Ukrajinska Narodna Republika, 1917-1920). Već u prazkozorje ukrajinske državnosti, to je bila veštačka tvorevina dve ukrajinske pokrajine: Galičane (Zapadna Ukrajina-Galicija) i Centralne Ukrajine – Malorusije. Treći entitet su ruska Slobožanščina i Novorusija (istok i jug bivše Ukrajine). Povreda osnovnih građanskih prava ruskog stanovništva (i, uopšte, svih neukrajinaca) i državni udar koji je Zapad organizovao 21-22. februara 2014. doveli su do ruske pobune na jugu i istoku regiona bivše Ukrajine i stvaranje narodnih republika Donbasa kao alternative polunacističke – poluoligarhijske ukrajinske države. Specijalna vojna operacija (24. februar 2022.) bila je odgovor na masovno granatiranje narodnih republika Donbasa od strane ukrajinske vojske i puzajuće preuzimanje teritorije Ukrajine od strane NATO-a.
A Study on Effects of Mothers’ Parenting Attitudes and Parenting Efficacies on Kindergarten Children’s Social Competence: Focusing on Attitudes Towards Emotional Expressions
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Jinyoung , Hong sang ook
Published: September 2022

Objectives Our objectives were to assess the effects of mothers’ parenting attitudes and parenting efficacies on children’s social competence by the level of their attitude toward children’s emotional expression, and find a way to enhance social competence.
Methods Our research targeted 270 mothers of kindergarteners in D city and K province, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 to examine the correlation among each variable. Also, one-way ANOVA was used to identify the difference among the variables, and multiple regression analysis was used to examine variables’ interrelations.
Results First, the mothers’ parenting attitude, parenting efficacy, and the children’s social competence had an average score of 3 or higher on a 5-point Likert scale. It was found that parenting efficacy showed a significant difference: parenting efficacy was higher when the attitude toward emotional expression was ‘high, medium’ than in the case of ‘low’. As a result of correlation analysis, mothers’ rejection as a parenting attitude showed a negative correlation with attitude toward emotional expressions and parenting efficacy at every level. Third, with the length of the marriage, which showed the most significant difference as a result of examining the effect of sociodemographic characteristics on children’s social competence, used as a control variable, we analyzed three levels of the effect of the mothers’ attitude toward emotional expressions-high, medium, low-on their parenting attitude and parenting efficacy. The result was that the length of marriage and parenting efficacy in the high group, the length of the marriage, parenting attitude, and parenting efficacy in the medium group showed significant influence on children’s social competence. The low group was not statistically significant with every variable, and the explanation power for each of the levels was 35%, 32%, and 11%. Therefore, it can be seen that the higher the mothers’ attitude toward children’s emotional expression, the greater the effect of their parenting efficacy on the children’s social competence.
Conclusions The mothers’ attitude toward children’s emotional expressions is a factor that influences the mothers’ positive parenting attitude and parenting efficacy, and affects the children’s social competence along with the two factors. In conclusion, to enhance children’s social competence, it is required to improve mothers’ attitudes toward children’s emotional expressions, and the necessity of developing educations and therapy programs that foster mothers’ positive parenting attitudes and parenting efficacy is suggested.
Fatores associados à autoavaliação negativa de saúde entre professores da educação básica
Authors: Barbosa Rose Elizabeth Cabral , Fonseca Giovanni Campos , Vieira Marta Raquel Mendes , Magalhães Tatiana Almeida de , Silva Rosângela Ramos Veloso , Haikal Desirée Sant'Ana
Published: September 2022

A autoavaliação da saúde tem sido utilizada como ferramenta de medida da saúde de indivíduos e grupos populacionais, especialmente por sua relativa facilidade de aplicação. Buscou-se investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados à autoavaliação negativa de saúde entre professores da educação básica. Elaborou-se um estudo transversal, conduzido em uma amostra probabilística de professores em atividade em escolas estaduais de um município de médio porte do Sudeste brasileiro. A variável dependente foi obtida por meio da questão: “como você classificaria seu estado de saúde atualmente?”. As opções de respostas foram agrupadas em autoavaliação positiva (excelente e bom) e negativa (regular, ruim e muito ruim). A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, em modelos bivariados e multivariados. A prevalência de autoavaliação negativa de saúde foi de 32,9% (IC 95%=28,8-37,4). No modelo final ajustado, permaneceram associadas à autoavaliação negativa da saúde: superlotação das turmas, insatisfação com o trabalho, sedentarismo, obesidade, relatos de doenças crônicas e de uma ou mais queixas vocais. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de intervenções tanto individuais, por meio de programas de promoção da saúde dos professores, quanto organizacionais, que visem a proteção da saúde dessa categoria profissional.