bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blood biomarkers in the application of diagnosis and prediction of overall survival for 1089 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Su Hangjiu , Luo Yu , Chen Yanyun , Lin Zhongyuan , Fu Xiafei , Zhu Songshan , Yin Jun
Published: September 2023

Previous studies have indicated that some blood metrics play a crucial role in the diagnostic and prognostic values of various solid tumours. However, their comprehensive and unbiased comparison for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has not been performed. Twenty blood metrics evaluated in tumours or noncancerous diseases were selected. We selected 1089 patients with NPC and analyzed the relationship between these metrics, clinical characteristics, and overall survival (OS). The albumin and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) exhibited a high area under the curve (AUC) value (> 0.7) together with high “sensitivity (Sen) + specificity (Spe) (> 1.5)” or Youden index (> 0.5) when compared to healthy populations. In comparing NPC and nasal polyps, 9 of 20 blood metrics showed a high AUC value (> 0.7). However, only the PNI and international normalised ratio show a sufficiently high Sen + Spe or Youden Index. None of them could distinguish the status of the TNM classification well. Only the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) could predict the OS of patients with NPC (cut-off, 4.91; p = 0.0069). Blood metrics as non-invasive biomarkers are valuable tools for clinical management. Among these indicators, PNI is the most ideal indicator to distinguish NPC from healthy and nasal polyps. The LMR has good prognostic value.
Production scheduling of prefabricated components considering delivery methods
Authors: Wang Shuqiang , Zhang Xi
Published: September 2023

To address the processing scheduling problem involving multiple molds, components, and floors, we propose the Genetic Grey Wolf Optimizer (GGA) as a means to optimize the production scheduling of components in a production line. This approach combines the Grey Wolf algorithm with the genetic algorithm. Previous methods have overlooked the storage requirements arising from the delivery characteristics of prefabricated components, often resulting in unnecessary storage costs. Intelligent algorithms have been demonstrated to be effective in production scheduling, and thus, to enhance the efficiency of prefabricated component production scheduling, our study presents a model incorporating a production objective function. This model takes into account production resources and delivery characteristics constraints. Subsequently, we develop a hybrid algorithm, combining the grey wolf algorithm with the genetic algorithm, to search for the optimal solution with a minimal storage cost. We validate the model using a case study, and the experimental results demonstrate that GAGWO successfully identifies the best precast production schedule. Furthermore, the precast production plan, considering the delivery method, is found to be reasonable.
Considerations for addressing bias in artificial intelligence for health equity
Authors: Abràmoff Michael D. , Tarver Michelle E. , Loyo-Berrios Nilsa , Trujillo Sylvia , Char Danton , Obermeyer Ziad , Eydelman Malvina B. ,   Foundational Principles of Ophthalmic Imaging and Algorithmic Interpretation Working Group of the Collaborative Community for Ophthalmic Imaging Foundation, Washington, D.C., Maisel William H.
Published: September 2023

Health equity is a primary goal of healthcare stakeholders: patients and their advocacy groups, clinicians, other providers and their professional societies, bioethicists, payors and value based care organizations, regulatory agencies, legislators, and creators of artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML)-enabled medical devices. Lack of equitable access to diagnosis and treatment may be improved through new digital health technologies, especially AI/ML, but these may also exacerbate disparities, depending on how bias is addressed. We propose an expanded Total Product Lifecycle (TPLC) framework for healthcare AI/ML, describing the sources and impacts of undesirable bias in AI/ML systems in each phase, how these can be analyzed using appropriate metrics, and how they can be potentially mitigated. The goal of these “Considerations” is to educate stakeholders on how potential AI/ML bias may impact healthcare outcomes and how to identify and mitigate inequities; to initiate a discussion between stakeholders on these issues, in order to ensure health equity along the expanded AI/ML TPLC framework, and ultimately, better health outcomes for all.
Spinal cord injury dysregulates fibro-adipogenic progenitors miRNAs signaling to promote neurogenic heterotopic ossifications
Authors: Gueguen Jules , Girard Dorothée , Rival Bastien , Fernandez Juliette , Goriot Marie-Emmanuelle , Banzet Sébastien
Published: September 2023

Neurogenic heterotopic ossifications are intramuscular bone formations developing following central nervous system injury. The pathophysiology is poorly understood and current treatments for this debilitating condition remain unsatisfying. Here we explored the role of miRNAs in a clinically relevant mouse model that combines muscle and spinal cord injury, and in patients’ cells. We found an osteo-suppressive miRNAs response in injured muscle that was hindered when the spinal cord injury was associated. In isolated fibro-adipogenic progenitors from damaged muscle (cells at the origin of ossification), spinal cord injury induced a downregulation of osteo-suppressive miRNAs while osteogenic markers were overexpressed. The overexpression of selected miRNAs in patient’s fibro-adipogenic progenitors inhibited mineralization and osteo-chondrogenic markers in vitro. Altogether, we highlighted an osteo-suppressive mechanism involving multiple miRNAs in response to muscle injury that prevents osteogenic commitment which is ablated by the neurologic lesion in heterotopic ossification pathogenesis. This provides new research hypotheses for preventive treatments.
An electronic tongue based on conjugated polymers for the discrimination and quantitative detection of tetracyclines
Authors: Chen Shiyong , Wang Jie , Shang Zhikun , Ding Yun , Hu Aiguo
Published: September 2023

A fluorescent sensor array has been developed based on conjugated polymers (CPs) having six different skeletons for the detection of tetracyclines (TCs), which are known as environmental pollutants.
GC-FTICR mass spectrometry with dopant assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization: application to the characterization of plastic pyrolysis oil
Authors: Mase Charlotte , Maillard Julien F. , Piparo Marco , Friederici Lukas , Rüger Christopher P. , Marceau Sabrina , Paupy Benoit , Hubert-Roux Marie , Afonso Carlos , Giusti Pierre
Published: September 2023

GC-APPI-FTICR MS is particularly efficient for the characterization of complex organic mixtures such as plastic pyrolysis oil. The use of dopants allows control of ionization efficiency and selectivity to target specific families of molecules.
A multi-ion interference decoupling model based on ion-selective electrode arrays
Authors: Mai Zhancheng , Xiao Shaoqiu , Zhang Wei , Wang Kai
Published: September 2023

In order to accurately calculate ion concentration in a mixed solution, a numerical calculation model that can be partially solved using the surface method is proposed based on a solid-contact ion-selective electrode array.
Application of MXene for remediation of low-level radioactive aqueous solutions contaminated with 133Ba and 137Cs
Authors: Kusumkar Vipul Vilas , Atri Shalu , İnan Süleyman , Gregor Maros , Roch Tomas , Makarov Hryhorii , Caplovicova Maria , Galambos Michal , Viglasova Eva , Plesch Gustav , Monfort Olivier
Published: September 2023

Schematic representation of MXene in selective removal of highly toxic radionuclide fission products of 133Ba over 137Cs using the radioindicator method.
Selective access to dihydrophenanthridines and phenanthridinones via cyclisation of aryl amines onto N-tethered arynes
Authors: Sun Weitao , Uttendorfer Maria , Idiris Fahima I. M. , Werling A. Yannic R. , Siddiq Khushal , Jones Christopher R.
Published: September 2023

Cyclisation of aryl amines onto tethered arynes affords selective access to phenanthridine derivatives via simple switch of reaction environment.
A guide to modern methods for poly(thio)ether synthesis using Earth-abundant metals
Authors: Ferrier Robert C. , Kumbhar Gouree , Crum-Dacon Shaylynn , Lynd Nathaniel A.
Published: September 2023

Polyethers and polythioethers are often made through the polymerization of epoxides and thiiranes, respectively, using Earth-abundant metal compounds. Control over polymer properties is dictated by the method used to synthesize them, which are outlined in this article.
Controlled packing of chiral assembly scaffolds to promote chiral J-aggregation of carbocyanine dyes
Authors: Ryu Naoya , Yamamoto Yusei , Okazaki Yutaka , Hano Nanami , Iwamoto Yuki , Shirosaki Tomohiro , Nagaoka Shoji , Oda Reiko , Ihara Hirotaka , Takafuji Makoto
Published: September 2023

Lysine-derived amphiphile assemblies with moderate tightness of packing served as scaffolds for the chiral J-aggregation of cyanine dyes in water. The induced J-aggregates showed high absorption and emission dissymmetry factors in the order of 10−2.
Simultaneously recorded photochemical action plots reveal orthogonal reactivity
Authors: Mohamed Irshadeen Ishrath , Truong Vinh X. , Frisch Hendrik , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: September 2023

We map the photochemical reactivity of two chromophores—a pyrene-chalcone and a methylene blue protected amine—from a one-pot reaction mixture based on their dynamic absorptivity changes upon light exposure, constructing a dual action plot.
Design, characterization and biological evaluation of a new chimeric 4A2–5-antisense prodrug combined with chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Zuyi , Zhang Zhe , Liu Shuangshuang , Xiao Zhenyu , Luo Yuan , Xu Liang , Feng Xuesong
Published: September 2023

Newly designed chimeric 4A2–5-ASON prodrug showed enhanced therapeutic efficiency through combined mechaniams including RNase L, RNase H-mediated digestion and DOX action.
Rapid and sensitive point-of-care PTS-CRISPR assay for food safety monitoring of aflatoxin B1
Authors: Deng Ziqiang , Zhou Jin , Wang Chaoqun , Hu Jianyu , Liu Rui , Lv Yi
Published: September 2023

Combined with the CRISPR system, PTS-CRISPR was introduced into food safety monitoring for rapid and sensitive POCT of aflatoxin B1.
Nanoflower-like high-entropy Ni–Fe–Cr–Mn–Co (oxy)hydroxides for oxygen evolution
Authors: Shi Mingyuan , Tang Tianmi , Xiao Liyuan , Han Jingyi , Bai Xue , Sun Yuhang , Chen Siyu , Sun Jingru , Ma Yuanyuan , Guan Jingqi
Published: September 2023

In 1 M KOH and in 0.5 M NaCl + 1 M KOH, the overpotential of nanoflower-like FeNiCrMnCoOOH/NF is 201 and 223 mV, respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm−2.
Photoswitchable electron-rich phosphines: using light to modulate the electron-donating ability of phosphines
Authors: Buß Florenz , Das Mowpriya , Janssen-Müller Daniel , Sietmann Alexander , Das Ankita , Wilm Lukas F. B. , Freitag Matthias , Seidl Michael , Glorius Frank , Dielmann Fabian
Published: September 2023

The synthesis and properties of photoswitchable electron-rich phosphines containing N-heterocyclic imines equipped with a photochromic dithienylethene unit are reported.
Supramolecular interface decoration on a polymer conductor for an intrinsically stretchable near-infrared photodiode
Authors: Chen Fan , Li Yiming , Chen Yan , Wang Yi-Xuan , Hu Wenping
Published: September 2023

A supramolecular cathode with high transparency and dynamic stability is developed by interface modification on a polymer conductor for intrinsically stretchable near-infrared photodiodes.
Multiple deuteration of triphenylphosphine and live-cell Raman imaging of deuterium-incorporated Mito-Q
Authors: Moriyama Shogo , Mae Miyu , Shibata Daiki , Yamakoshi Hiroyuki , Kajimoto Shinji , Nakabayashi Takakazu , Ishimoto Takayoshi , Mogi Kaiki , Sajiki Hironao , Akai Shuji , Sawama Yoshinari
Published: September 2023

All aromatic C–H bonds of triphenylphosphine (PPh3) were efficiently replaced by C–D bonds using Ru/C and Ir/C co-catalysts in 2-PrOH and D2O, an inexpensive deuterium source.
Anisotropy of growth hillocks on KDP crystal (101) faces observed by in situ interferometry
Authors: Li Xianglin , Wang Shenglai , Li Weidong , Liu Hui , Xu Longyun , Zhang Liyuan
Published: September 2023

In situ interference and AFM were used to study the effect of supersaturation and temperature on the growth rates and slopes of KDP crystal (101) faces.
A co-crystal of heterobicyclic isomers as a product of the cyclocondensation reaction of 3,4-diaminofurazan with diethyl-2-oxosuccinate
Authors: Romanenko Galina V. , Fokin Sergey V. , Tolstikov Svyatoslav E. , Letyagin Gleb A. , Ovcharenko Victor I. , Strizhenko Kirill V. , Sheremetev Aleksei B.
Published: September 2023

Using SC XRD, it was proved that the cyclocondensation of 3,4-diaminofurazan with diethyl-2-oxosuccinate gives two products, being structural isomers – derivatives of furazano[3,4-b]pyrazin-6-one (2) and furazano[3,4-b][1,4]diazepin-7-one (6).
Electronic properties and carrier mobilities of nanocarbons formed by non-benzoidal building blocks
Authors: Porto João Alberto Santos , Beserra David Joseph Pereira , de Vasconcelos Fabrício Morais , Silva Paloma Vieira , Girão Eduardo Costa
Published: September 2023

Linking hierarchies of non-benzoidal precursors for the growing of nanoribbons and sheets with different relations between band gap and carrier mobility compared to graphitic counterparts.
Enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction via regulating the adsorbability between 2D CoO nanosheets and CC substrate
Authors: Wang Zhijun , Xiong Ying , Liu Limin , Xia Lili , Wang Yinfeng , Liu Xuexia
Published: September 2023

For the supported electrocatalysts, weakening the adsorbability of the electrode materials and substrate can improve the HER activity of the electrocatalysts when they are connected via adsorbability.
Surface hopping simulations on charge separation in an organic donor–acceptor system
Authors: Sun Zhen , Li Sheng , Xie Shijie , Meng Yan , An Zhong
Published: September 2023

Charge separation in an organic donor–acceptor system is simulated using the surface hopping method. The yield of free charges strongly depends on the donor–acceptor band offset, while weakly depends on the photoexcitation energy.
New accurate diabatic potential energy surfaces for the two lowest 1A′′ states of H2S and photodissociation dynamics in its first absorption band
Authors: Chen Junjie , Zhang Hanzi , Zhou Linsen , Hu Xixi , Xie Daiqian
Published: September 2023

New accurate diabatic PESs for the first two exited singlet states of H2S and photodissociation dynamics in the first absorption band.
Elucidating the effects of B/Al doping on the structure stability and electrochemical properties of silicene using DFT
Authors: Zhang Ruyan , Hou Yuhua , Guo Xialei , Chen Xuan , Li Wei , Tao Xiaoma , Huang Youlin
Published: September 2023

B, Al and B–Al doped silicene show excellent structural stability, electrochemical performance and strong lithium storage ability.
Gas-phase C60Hn+q (n = 0–4, q = 0,1) fullerenes and fulleranes: spectroscopic simulations shed light on cosmic molecular structures
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo R. , Molpeceres Germán , Montserrat Ricardo , Fantuzzi Felipe , Rocha Alexandre B. , Kästner Johannes
Published: September 2023

Several hydrogenated fullerenes can absorb radiation in the near-IR region.
Conformation-controlled catalytic asymmetric synthesis of Swaminathan ketones
Authors: Krishna Anugam V. , Sanwal Shyam D. , Rath Sibani , Lakshmi P. R. , Ramachary Dhevalapally B.
Published: September 2023

Besides numerous synthetic and biological applications, the catalytic construction of chiral Swaminathan ketones and their analogues possessing a bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane core structure has remained challenging for the scientific community for over four decades.
How introduction of hydrolyzable moieties in POx influences particle formation – a library approach based on block copolymers comprising polyesters
Authors: Göppert Natalie E. , Vollrath Antje , Stafast Leanne M. , Stumpf Steffi , Schulze Bianca , Hoeppener Stephanie , Weber Christine , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: September 2023

A library of fully degradable amphiphilic block copolymers based on degradable polyoxazoline analogues and polyesters synthesized via strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition was used to obtain particle formulations in a high-throughput approach.
Generation of β-like cell subtypes from differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells in 3D spheroids
Authors: Morisseau Lisa , Tokito Fumiya , Poulain Stéphane , Plaisance Valerie , Pawlowski Valerie , Kim Soo Hyeon , Legallais Cécile , Jellali Rachid , Sakai Yasuyuki , Abderrahmani Amar , Leclerc Eric
Published: September 2023

We investigated, using single cell sequencing, the beta-like cells subtypes located inside spheroids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Conversion of sawdust residuals to activated-carbon-supported pure nickel nanoparticles as a novel composite membrane for simultaneous hydrogen separation and storage
Authors: El Saied Mohamed , Abo El Naga Ahmed O. , El-Zahhar Adel A. , Al-Hazmi Gamil A. A. M. , El Naggar Ahmed M. A. , El kady Fathy Y.
Published: September 2023

A new composite membrane made of pure nickel (active layer) supported on activated carbon is produced. This membrane could achieve new advances owing to its instant storage of hydrogen after its successful separation from a gas mixture.
High out-of-plane negative Poisson's ratios and strong light harvesting in two-dimensional SiS2 and its derivatives
Authors: Wang Haidi , Li Tao , Chen Zhao , Zhu Weiduo , Lin Wei , Wang Huimiao , Liu Xiaofeng , Li Zhongjun
Published: September 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with negative Poisson's ratios (NPRs) hold tremendous potential in diverse electronic devices.
Recent advances in mechanistic understanding and catalyst design for alkaline hydrogen evolution reactions
Authors: Kundu Joyjit , Kim Hee Jin , Li Mengfan , Huang Hongwen , Choi Sang-Il
Published: September 2023

This review presents recent progress in alkaline HERs, covering mechanistic insights, catalyst development, and device performance. It also addresses challenges and future directions for high-performance alkaline HER catalysts.
Word Repetition Paired With Startling Stimuli Decreases Aphasia and Apraxia Severity in Severe-to-Moderate Stroke: A Stratified, Single-Blind, Randomized, Phase 1 Clinical Trial
Authors: Swann Zoe , Tesman Nathan , Rogalsky Corianne , Honeycutt Claire F.
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

This prospective, single-blinded, parallel, stratified, randomized clinical trial via telehealth aimed to investigate the impact of Startle Adjuvant Rehabilitation Therapy (START) on aphasia, apraxia of speech (AOS), and quality of life in individuals with chronic stroke. The study hypothesized that START would have a greater effect on AOS-related measures and more severe individuals.

Method:

Forty-two participants with poststroke aphasia, AOS, or both were randomly assigned to the START or control group. Both groups received 77-dB GET READY and GO cues during a word repetition task for three 1-hr sessions on consecutive days. The START group additionally received 105-dB white noise GO cues during one third of trials. The Western Aphasia Battery–Revised, Apraxia Battery for Adults, Stroke Impact Scale, and Communication Outcomes After Stroke scale were administered at Day 1, Day 5, and 1-month follow-up.

Results:

START improved performance on some subtests of the Western Aphasia Battery (Comprehension, Repetition, Reading) and measures of AOS (Diadochokinetic Rate, Increasing Word Length) in individuals with moderate/severe aphasia, whereas moderate/severe controls saw no changes. Individuals with mild aphasia receiving START had improved Reading, whereas mild controls saw improved Comprehension. The START group had increased mood and perceived communication recovery by Day 5, whereas controls saw no changes in quality of life.

Conclusions:

This study is the first to evaluate the impact of training with startling acoustic stimuli on clinical measures of aphasia and AOS. Our findings suggest START can enhance both nontrained speech production and receptive speech tasks in moderate/severe aphasia, possibly by reducing poststroke cortical inhibition. Our findings should be considered carefully, as our limitations include small effect sizes, within-group variability, and low completion rates for quality-of-life assessments and follow-up visits. Future studies should explore a mechanism of action, conduct larger and longer Phase 2 clinical trials, and evaluate long-term retention.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24093519
Three dimensional cooperative guidance for intercepting a manoeuvering target
Authors: Yu Chang , Zhu Bing , Zheng Jianying , Wang Wei
Published: September 2023

In this paper, an optimal distributed guidance law is proposed for cooperatively intercepting a manoeuvering target in three dimensional (3D) framework. Based on the 3D kinematic model of interceptors and the target, the kinematic engagement equations in line‐of‐sight (LOS) coordinate can be obtained. Along the LOS direction, a finite‐time consensus based on directed communication topology is applied to guarantee arrival‐time coordination of multiple interceptors, and sliding mode control is adopted to compensate target manoeuver. In the plane perpendicular to LOS, optimal control is used to design guidance law such that closed‐loop LOS angular rates converge to a tunable small neighbourhood of zero. The proposed cooperative guidance law is proved in theory, and its effectiveness is verified by simulations.
A novel superimposed voltage energy‐based approach for single phase to ground fault detection and location in distribution networks
Authors: Jalalt Sajjad Miralizadeh , Miralizadeh Sepideh , Talavat Vahid , Boalndi Tohid Ghanizadeh
Published: September 2023

The structure complexity and the extended geographical area are among the factors that create challenges in accurate fault location and detection in distribution networks. The single‐phase to ground (SPG) faults are considered as most frequent reasons for distribution network interruption, which can threaten the network's reliability. Signal processing methods are usually used as common approaches to distinguish and locate faults in distribution networks. This paper proposes a novel scenario to select optimal wavelet packet transform (WPT) coefficients for SPG fault location and a method based on superimposed voltage energy to distinguish the faulty phase according to these coefficients. Furthermore, employing the energies of the superimposed voltages helps to minimize the effects of high resistance faults (HRFs) and load encroachment on the efficiency of the faulty phase detection part. Comparing the obtained results with other scenarios demonstrates the considerable efficiency of the proposed scenario. Finally, with the help of general regression neural networks (GRNN) as machine‐learning tools, a new algorithm is derived for detecting and locating the SPG fault and capacitor bank switching overvoltage (COV). Simulation results are implemented on the IEEE 34‐bus standard distribution network, demonstrating the efficiency and superiority of the suggested method.
All‐dielectric circularly polarised loop antenna made of high‐permittivity ceramic/water
Authors: Fan Fei , Zheng Wen , Zhang Feng , Hua Changzhou , Guo Zai‐Cheng , Li Yin , Wang Shiyan
Published: September 2023

A kind of all‐dielectric circularly polarised (CP) loop antenna made of high‐permittivity material is proposed. The leaky‐wave radiation from a high‐permittivity dielectric waveguide is utilised here to support the operation of the proposed antenna. A non‐closed dielectric loop covering a three‐quarter circle is adopted to generate CP radiation and it is connected with the dielectric ground via one of bending ends to form an all‐in‐one structure of the antenna. The other end is also bent and vertical to the ground, but hanging in the air for probe feed. As two kinds of typical high‐permittivity dielectric materials, zirconia ceramic and pure water are used to implement the proposed design respectively. On one hand, an all‐ceramic CP loop antenna made of zirconia is proposed. And benefiting from the low loss and high melting point of zirconia, the proposed ceramic antenna has superiority in radiation efficiency and could adapt to a harsh environment. On the other hand, by using pure water and transparent container, a fully‐transparent CP water loop antenna can be obtained. Finally, a 3‐D printing technology is adopted in the manufacturing of ceramic structure and resin container. Measured results of both antennas demonstrate the validity of the proposed design.
4D radar simulator for human activity recognition
Authors: Zhou Junyu , Le Kernec Julien
Published: September 2023

Millimetre‐wave radar has been widely used in health monitoring and human activity recognition owing to its improved range resolution and operation in a variety of environmental conditions. With the MIMO antenna array, 4D radar is increasingly employed in autonomous driving, while its application in assisted living is recent and therefore the value added compared to the increase in signal processing and hardware requirements is still an open question. A model for 4D Time‐division multiplexing (TDM) multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) frequency‐modulated Continuous wave radar is established using the human activities from the HDM05 motion capture dataset. The simulator produces an end‐to‐end simulation, including four human motions (jumping Jack, kick, punch, and walk), signal time of flight, noise, MIMO signal processing, and classification. Different pre‐processing and point cloud‐based methods are compared to obtain an average classification accuracy of 90% with PointNet. This study simulates a specific 4D TDM MIMO radar configuration to benchmark signal pre‐processing algorithms, which can also assist other researchers to generate range‐Doppler‐time (range‐Doppler time) point cloud data sets for human activities testing different radar configurations, array configurations, and activities saving valuable time in human resources and hardware development before prototyping to assess expected performances.
Sexualerziehung in der stationären Erziehungshilfe – ist die Kritik der letzten 15 Jahre gerechtfertigt?
Authors: Mantey Dominik , Bövers Steffi
Published: September 2023

Langjährig wurde die Sexualerziehung in der stationären Erziehungshilfe als passiv und „nicht vorhanden“ problematisiert. Ausgangspunkt dieser Kritik waren einerseits eine Pilotstudie von Reinhard Winter und andererseits ein Verständnis von (guter) Sexualerziehung als aktive Angebotsstruktur auf der Basis von ablesbaren Konzepten. Der vorliegende Beitrag nimmt beide Aspekte kritisch in den Blick. Die Aussagekraft der Pilotstudie wird analysiert und auf Basis des Erziehungsverständnisses von Michael Winkler ein alternatives Verständnis von Sexualerziehung skizziert, das auch eine scheinbar passive Sexualerziehung als qualifiziert gelten lässt, bei der die Erziehenden die Aneignungsprozesse der Kinder und Jugendlichen beachten. Ergänzend werden Daten einer empirischen Masterarbeit herangezogen, die darauf hindeuten, dass Erziehende in der stationären Erziehungshilfe die sexualitätsbezogenen Aneignungsprozesse der Kinder und Jugendlichen im Blick haben. Auf dieser Basis kommt der Beitrag zu dem Schluss, dass die langjährige Kritik möglicherweise nicht gerechtfertigt ist und weitere empirische Daten notwendig sind.
Atherektomie mit einem neuen System, das noch mehr kann
Authors: Teßarek Jörg , Elger Florian , Kolvenbach Ralf , Liebetrau Dominik
Published: September 2023

Die kathetergestützte Atherektomie wird hinsichtlich ihrer Indikation seit Jahren kontrovers diskutiert. Neuere Studiendaten zeigen, dass multifunktionelle Atherektomiesysteme mit
geringem Materialaufwand auch für komplexe Läsionen eine Alternative zum Bypass darstellen können, obwohl der direkte Vergleich noch fehlt.

Die Ergebnisse der ByCross-Zulassungsstudie wurden mit den technischen und klinischen Daten anderer Atherektomiesysteme in Bezug auf die Indikationsbreite, die herstellerseitigen
Limitierungen, die technische Erfolgs- und Komplikationsrate und die jeweiligen Instruktionen für den Einsatz verglichen. Dabei war in allen rezenten Studien eine Residualstenose von ≤ 50%
nach Atherektomie und ≤ 30% in der abschließenden Gefäßdarstellung als ein primärer Endpunkt und als Beweis des technischen Erfolges angegeben.

Für die ByCross-Studie wurden deutlich komplexere, langstreckig schwer verkalkte Gefäßläsionen eingeschlossen als für andere Zulassungsstudien. Dies betrifft nicht nur die Läsionslänge
(124,7 mm vs. 34 mm in der EASE-Studie oder 67,2 mm in der VISION-Studie) und den Stenosegrad (99,4% vs. 88,5% in der EASE- und 78,7% in der VISION-Studie). Auch der Kalzifizierungsgrad,
der anhand des Peripheral Artery Calcification Severity Score (PACSS) definiert wurde, war höher als in anderen Studien. Dennoch lag die technische Erfolgsrate, wie vorgegeben, über 95%.
Während das ByCross ohne vorherige Drahtpassage als Crossingsystem eingesetzt werden kann (26,82% der Fälle), ist die primäre intraluminale Passage des Drahtes für alle weiteren Systeme
vorgeschrieben. Das ByCross hat einen größenvariablen Kopf, der einen Lumengewinn von 4,7 mm erlaubt, ohne dass Systeme ausgetauscht werden oder aufgrund von Laufzeitlimitierungen
pausieren müssen. Das ByCross war das einzige System im Vergleich mit 0% Embolierate, was auf das Wirkprinzip und die hohe Aspirationskraft des Systems zurückführbar ist. Gefäßverletzungen
traten ebenso nicht auf. Die 6-Monats-Ergebnisse zeigen den Langzeiterfolg des Verfahrens mit 0% Revaskularisationsrate.

Atherektomiesysteme der neuesten Generation stellen eine sichere und effektive Erweiterung des endovaskulären Portfolios dar. Das ByCross-System hebt sich durch die breitere Zulassung und
die Multifunktionalität als investmentfreie Atherektomie-, Thrombektomie- und Crossingdevice für iliakale wie femorodistale Gefäßläsionen deutlich von den anderen Systemen ab und kann in
komplexen Verschlussmorphologien als Alternative zum Bypass gesehen werden.
Serendipitous Synthesis of 5-Hydroxyuridine from 2′,3′-O-Isopropylidene N4-Acetylcytidine by Hypervalent Iodine(III)-Mediated Reaction
Authors: Baraguey Carine , Debart Françoise , Smietana Michael , Maverick Mary Anne , Noël Mathieu , Vasseur Jean-Jacques
Published: September 2023

Whereas BAIB-TEMPO oxidation of 2′,3′-O-TBDMS-N4-acetylcytidine results in the expected 5′-carboxylic acid nucleoside, its 2′,3′-O-isopropylidene analogue reacts in a radically different way. We have demonstrated here that hypervalent iodine(III) in water triggers an unprecedented oxidative cyclization leading to a mixture of C5-substituted O6,5′-cyclo-5,6-dihydrouridines. This mixture of cyclouridines can be opened under basic conditions and, after deprotection, yields 5-hydroxyuridine, an important post-transcriptional modification of uridine at the wobble position (U34) of bacterial tRNA. NMR experimental values and calculations were performed to provide further insight on the specific reactivity of 2′,3′-O-isopropylidene N4-acetylcytidine.
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis after 2 Months from Starting Growth Hormone Therapy
Authors: Abdullah Wasnaa Hadi , Alsaffar Hussain
Published: September 2023

Recombinant growth hormone (GH) is a widely used hormonal therapy for children and adolescents with GH deficiency or short stature related to certain conditions. Generally, GH therapy has a good safety profile; however, it could have rare but significant orthopaedic complications including slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Pediatric endocrinologists are aware of these possible complications, and they are responsible for appropriately counseling their patients before commencing this hormone. However, the pediatric endocrinologist may not be the first clinician who encounters the orthopaedic complications of GH, as the patient may seek an emergency medical opinion from people from other specialties. Here, we report the case of a 13-year-old Iraqi adolescent boy who presented with limping that appeared only 2 months after receiving GH (0.035 mg/kg/d). He was diagnosed with SCFE in a relatively very short time after commencement of the treatment. Despite this, the patient was not considered to be at high risk of SCFE. A careful evaluation of SCFE in patients complaining of a limp or hip and knee pain during GH therapy is highly recommended.
A Survey on Factors Influencing the Work–Family–Health Balance of an Interventional Radiologist
Authors: Haridass Shoban , Kalva Sanjeeva , Yadav Bijesh , Keshava Shyamkumar Nidugala
Published: September 2023

Aim: Burnout and stress-related health disorders are on the rise among physicians. The aim of this study is to report the results of a survey on factors affecting the work–life balance of interventional radiologists (IR).

Material: The survey consisted of 30 questions focusing on work, family, and personal health. The questionnaire addressed knowledge, attitude, and practice. This online survey was sent to IRs across the globe and the responses were analyzed by three IRs (SH, SNK, SK).

Results: On univariate analysis, the major risk factors for burnout were presence of weekend duties (n = 91, 98.9%, p = 0.02), absence of support group at workplace (n = 36, 39.1%, p = 0.005), having tough time with administration (n = 61, 66.3%, p = 0.001), not able to spend quality time on family (n = 30, 32.6%, p = 0.035), and inability to find time to do things that one enjoys (n = 53, 57.6%, p = 0.0002). However, multivariate analysis revealed that those having tough time with administration (odds ratio = 2.77 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–6.48], p = 0.02) and those who could not find time to do things one enjoys (odds ratio = 4.79 [95% CI: 1.42–16.1], p = 0.01) were only statistically significant.

Conclusion: Burnout is common among IRs and is considered a significant issue that needs to be addressed. Teamwork, a support structure for major events, healthy lifestyle, and dedicated time for family may combat the burnout.
Retail technologies that enhance the customer experience: a practitioner-centred approach
Authors: Quinones Myriam , Díaz-Martín Ana M. , Gómez-Suárez Mónica
Published: September 2023

Technology has helped consumers embrace new ways of shopping. This article aims to explore how retailers capitalise on technology to create a differentiated customer experience (CX). The study provides a list of 15 shopper-facing technologies that retailers assess when aiming to improve CX and develops a framework to classify them. To do so, an exploratory study is conducted based on a qualitative enquiry and a survey of 201 retail experts. Data are analysed using content, descriptive, and correspondence analyses. The results spell out three groups of technological solutions that retailers should consider when aiming to create an enhanced CX: (1) technologies that contribute to improving experiential aspects of the shopping experience, (2) technologies that reduce friction throughout the customer journey and (2) technologies that enhance transparency and brand trust. The findings of this study offer key insights to retail companies who face the challenge of investing in technological advancements that deliver superior value to customers while supporting their firm’s long-term economic goals.
High-frequency vortex dynamics and losses in the mixed state of nanostructured superconductors with columnar defects
Authors: Kasatkin A. L. , Pokusinskyi A. O. , Boliasova O. O. , Tsvitkovskyi V. P. , Shapovalov A. P.
Published: September 2023

We suggest a theoretical model for the microwave response of Abrikosov vortices in nanostructured superconductors with columnar defects, which serve as effective pinning sites for vortices that are considered elastic strings. For this case, we suppose that microwave losses related to the vortex oscillations in a microwave field arise caused by viscous oscillations of vortex kinks, which connect different parts of the vortex line pinned on adjacent columnar defects and vortex segments pinned on these defects. We consider the case of inclined magnetic field H, which creates vortex staircases consisting of pinned vortex segments and vortex kinks inside the superconductor. In this case, rf losses due to viscous kinks oscillations under the microwave current action arise even at T = 0 if the inclination angle of the magnetic field θΗ, concerning the columnar pinning site axis (z axis), exceeds some locking angle value θL.
Eigenvalues of one-dimensional Hamiltonian operators with an eigenparameter in the boundary condition
Authors: Li Kun , Zheng Jiajia , Cai Jinming , Zheng Zhaowen
Published: September 2023

In this paper, one-dimensional Hamiltonian operators with spectral parameter-dependent boundary conditions are investigated. First, the eigenvalues of the problem under consideration are transformed into the eigenvalues of an operator in an appropriate Hilbert space. Then, some properties of the eigenvalues are given. Moreover, the continuity and differentiability of the eigenvalues of the problem are obtained, and the differential expressions of the eigenvalues concerning each parameter are also given. Finally, Green’s function is also involved.
Blowup of solutions for a transport equation with nonlocal velocity and damping
Authors: Li You , Liu Yannan , Zhang Wanwan
Published: September 2023

We study a transport equation with nonlocal velocity and power law type damping. We show that a certain class of initial data smooth solution blows up in finite time.
Aerodynamic characteristics of a streamlined box girder under shear flow considering oncoming turbulence
Authors: Zhao Lin , Xie Ruihong , Huang Hanjie , Yan Xingfei , Cao Shuyang , Ge Yaojun
Published: September 2023

Non-synoptic winds, such as typhoons and downbursts, are frequently characterized by shear flow associated with turbulence, which affects the aerodynamic performance of long-span bridges. To reveal the aerodynamic characteristics of streamlined box girders under non-synoptic winds, multi-fan wind tunnel (MFWT) tests were used to investigate the aerodynamic effect around a streamlined box girder considering the action of shear flow with different velocity gradients, turbulence intensities, and integral scales. In the MFWT tests, the high shear rate and large turbulence intensity were observed to magnify the mean wind pressure coefficient, whereas the variation in the turbulence integral scale had a slight effect on the mean wind pressure coefficient distribution. An increase in the shear rate was observed to be beneficial in reducing the drag and moment coefficients, as well as in increasing the lift coefficient. The empirical aerodynamic prediction relationships revealed that the influence of turbulence intensity on the aerodynamic coefficient is non-linear, whereas that of the turbulence integral scale and shear rate on the aerodynamic coefficient is linear. Additionally, the large eddy simulation (LES) method was used to study the vortex-shedding behaviors and aerodynamic spectrum characteristics of the streamlined box girder under shear flow. The LES results showed that larger shear parameters amplify the amplitudes of high-frequency aerodynamic forces. The vortex frequently begins from the low-velocity side of the streamlined box girder, which induces a suction effect on the low-velocity side that is greater than that on the high-velocity side.
Vibrational embedding theory
Authors: Hellmers Janine , König Carolin
Published: September 2023

We suggest a consistent framework for the embedding of reduced-space correlated vibrational wave functions in a potential of the remaining modes and generalize this concept to arbitrary many subspaces. We present an implementation of this framework for vibrational coupled-cluster theory and response treatments. For C=O stretches of small molecules, we show that the embedded treatment accelerates convergence for enlarging subsets. For the water dimer and trimer as well as a water wire in bacteriorhodopsin, we investigate different partitioning schemes for the embedding approach: In the local partitioning of the vibrations, the modes dominated by motions in the same spatial region are correlated, whereas in the energy-based partitioning, modes of similar fundamental frequencies are correlated. In most cases, we obtain better agreement with superset reference results for the local partitioning than for energy-based partitioning. This work represents an important step toward multi-level methodologies in vibrational-structure theory required for its application to sizable (bio-)molecular systems.
Ab Initio Calculation of Fluid Properties for Precision Metrology
Authors: Garberoglio Giovanni , Gaiser Christof , Gavioso Roberto M. , Harvey Allan H. , Hellmann Robert , Jeziorski Bogumił , Meier Karsten , Moldover Michael R. , Pitre Laurent , Szalewicz Krzysztof , Underwood Robin
Published: September 2023

Recent advances regarding the interplay between ab initio calculations and metrology are reviewed, with particular emphasis on gas-based techniques used for temperature and pressure measurements. Since roughly 2010, several thermophysical quantities – in particular, virial and transport coefficients – can be computed from first principles without uncontrolled approximations and with rigorously propagated uncertainties. In the case of helium, computational results have accuracies that exceed the best experimental data by at least one order of magnitude and are suitable to be used in primary metrology. The availability of ab initio virial and transport coefficients contributed to the recent SI definition of temperature by facilitating measurements of the Boltzmann constant with unprecedented accuracy. Presently, they enable the development of primary standards of thermodynamic temperature in the range 2.5–552 K and pressure up to 7 MPa using acoustic gas thermometry, dielectric constant gas thermometry, and refractive index gas thermometry. These approaches will be reviewed, highlighting the effect of first-principles data on their accuracy. The recent advances in electronic structure calculations that enabled highly accurate solutions for the many-body interaction potentials and polarizabilities of atoms – particularly helium – will be described, together with the subsequent computational methods, most often based on quantum statistical mechanics and its path-integral formulation, that provide thermophysical properties and their uncertainties. Similar approaches for molecular systems, and their applications, are briefly discussed. Current limitations and expected future lines of research are assessed.
Nanorod length-dependent photodriven H2 production in 1D CdS–Pt heterostructures
Authors: Liu Yawei , Yang Wenxing , Chen Qiaoli , Xie Zhaoxiong , Lian Tianquan
Published: September 2023

Colloidal quantum confined semiconductor-metal heterostructures are promising candidates for solar energy conversion because their light absorbing semiconductor and catalytic components can be independently tuned and optimized. Although the light-to-hydrogen efficiencies of such systems have shown interesting dependences on the morphologies of the semiconductor and metal domains, the mechanisms of such dependences are poorly understood. Here, we use Pt tipped 0D CdS quantum dots (with ∼4.6 nm diameter) and 1D CdS nanorods (of ∼13.8, 27.8, 66.6, and 88.9 nm average rod lengths) as a model system to study the distance-dependence of charge separation and charge recombination times and their impacts on photo-driven H2 production. The H2 generation quantum efficiency increases from 0.2% ± 0.0% in quantum dots to 28.9% ± 0.4% at a rod length of 28 nm and shows negligible changes at longer rod lengths. The half-life time of electron transfer from CdS to Pt increases monotonically with rod length, from 0.7 ± 0.1 in quantum dots to 170.2 ± 29.5 ps in the longest rods, corresponding to a slight decrease in electron transfer quantum efficiency from 92% to 81%. The amplitude-weighted average lifetime of charge recombination of the electron in Pt with the hole in CdS increases from 4.7 ± 0.4 µs in quantum dots to 149 ± 34 µs in 28 nm nanorods, and the lifetime does not increase further in longer rods, resembling the trend in the observed H2 generation quantum efficiency. Our result suggests that the competition of the charge recombination process with the hole removal by the sacrificial electron donor plays a dominant role in the observed nanorod length dependent overall light driven H2 generation quantum efficiency.
Surface-wave-sustained plasma synthesis of graphene@Fe–Si nanoparticles for lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Jie Ziyao , Zhang Zhibo , Bai Xinpeng , Ma Wenhui , Zhao Xuewei , Chen Qijun , Zhang Guixin
Published: September 2023

Silicon encapsulated in conductive layers has proven to be an excellent method for retaining the high capacity of silicon in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) throughout cycling. This study presents an ultra-fast, single-step, and scalable method for synthesizing graphene@Fe–Si nanoparticles via an atmospheric pressure surface-wave-sustained plasma. The verification of the synthesized nanoparticles, encompassing graphene cladding and silicon nanoparticles encapsulated in iron, was conducted through energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy mapping, line scanning in the transmission electron microscopy mode, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy corroborated the identity of the cladding as graphene. This study provides a viable strategy for the industrial production of anode materials for high-performance LIBs.
Phase space dynamics of unmagnetized plasmas: Collisionless and collisional regimes
Authors: Celebre G. , Servidio S. , Valentini F.
Published: September 2023

Eulerian electrostatic kinetic simulations of unmagnetized plasmas (kinetic electrons and motionless protons) with high-frequency equilibrium perturbations have been employed to investigate the phase space free energy transfer across spatial and velocity scales, associated with the resonant interaction of electrons with the self-induced electric field. Numerical runs cover a wide range of collisionless and weakly collisional plasma regimes. An analysis technique based on the Fourier–Hermite transform of the particle distribution function allows to point out how kinetic processes trigger the free energy cascade, which is instead inhibited at finer scales when collisions are turned on. Numerical results are presented and discussed for the cases of linear wave Landau damping, nonlinear electron trapping, and bump-on-tail and two-stream instabilities. A more realistic situation of turbulent Langmuir fluctuations is also discussed in detail. Fourier–Hermite transform shows a free energy spread, highly conditioned by collisions, which involves velocity scales more quickly than the spatial scales, even when nonlinear effects are dominant. This results in anisotropic spectra whose slopes are compatible with theoretical expectations. Finally, an exact conservation law has been derived, which describes the time evolution of the free energy of the system, taking into account the collisional dissipation.