bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing palinka recognition with tourism and gastronomy
Authors: Harcsa Imre Milan
Published: June 2018

The history of Hungarian palinka distillation dates back thousands of years. Palinka is a special product; its quality features are being increasingly recognized and appreciated by consumers. Our national drink went through considerable transformations in the past years, as it left the village environment behind and has become a Hungaricum, popular with young people. The authorization of home distilling in September 2010 was a key factor in its gaining ground in the country. In connection with this topic, the international practice of beverage tourism has been reviewed. After that, the Hungarian practice was examined, including the selection of palinka festivals, thematic palinka tours and palinka product ranges in 19 counties and in Budapest based on a total of 100 restaurants. Using SWOT analysis I revealed the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of palinka gastronomy and pálinka industry. Overall, it was found that the popularity of pálinka is increasing, but the thematic pálinka tours have not yet widened, and there is a need for more procedures supported by community marketing.

JEL Code: Z30, E83
Local antimagic vertex coloring of unicyclic graphs
Authors: Nazula Nuris Hisan , Slamin S , Dafik D
Published: June 2018

The local antimagic labeling on a graph G with |V| vertices and |E| edges is defined to be an assignment f : E --> {1, 2,..., |E|} so that the weights of any two adjacent vertices u and v are distinct, that is, w(u)̸  ̸= w(v) where w(u) = Σe∈E(u) f(e) and E(u) is the set of edges incident to u. Therefore, any local antimagic labeling induces a proper vertex coloring of G where the vertex u is assigned the color w(u). The local antimagic chromatic number, denoted by χla(G), is the minimum number of colors taken over all colorings induced by local antimagic labelings of G. In this paper, we present the local antimagic chromatic number of unicyclic graphs that is the graphs containing exactly one cycle such as kite and cycle with two neighbour pendants.
Necrópsia: valor diagnóstico
Authors: Ferreira Márcia Valéria Pitombeira , Mendes Venulda Helena Santos , Camurça Tainah Braga , Lemos Luanna De Queiroz , Silva Oálene Gonçalves , Costa Carolina Teixeira , Queiroz Thamiris Silva de
Published: June 2018

Introdução: a necrópsia garante a acurácia estatística de mortalidade, esclarece mortes não explicadas, é fonte de aprendizado, de pesquisa e controle de qualidade hospitalar. Objetivos: verificar a frequência de necrópsias no Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal da Universidade Federal do Ceará (DPML/UFC), avaliar a eficácia diagnóstica da necrópsia, concordância e discordância entre o diagnóstico clínico e de necrópsia. Metodologia: estudo longitudinal, retrospectivo, descritivo, de levantamentos de dados dos arquivos do DPML/UFC de 1959 a 2014 para frequência anual e total, e de 2010 a 2014 para analisar os diagnósticos clínico e de necrópsia. Resultados: de 1959 a 2014 foram 7186 necrópsias. Na década de 80 foram mais de 200 anuais, e a partir dos anos 90 houve declínio. De 2010 a 2014 foram cerca de 50/ano. O diagnóstico clínico foi discordante com o da necrópsia em 23% dos casos adultos e jovens. Nos natimortos e óbitos infantis o diagnóstico clínico foi discordante em 15% com o diagnóstico da necrópsia. A necrópsia foi conclusiva em 86% de adultos e jovens e 78% dos fetos e óbitos infantis. Conclusão: houve redução das necrópsias, a precisão da necrópsia foi elevada e discordâncias foram compatíveis com a literatura.
Tilapia Fish Skin: a new biological graft in gynecology
Authors: Bezerra Leonardo Robson Pinheiro Sobreira , Moraes Filho Manoel Odorico de , Bruno Zenilda Vieira , Lima Júnior Edmar Maciel , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , Bilhar Andreisa Paiva Monteiro , Dias Maria Tereza Pinto Medeiros , Rios Livia Cunha
Published: June 2018

Vaginal agenesis is a rare mal-formation of the lower female genital tract, with a prevalence of 1 in 5000 female newborns. Mayer‑Rokitansky‑Kuster‑Hauser (MRKH) syndrome represents 90% of all causes and is caused by partial or complete aplasia of the Mullerian ducts. The majority of these women have complete uterine agenesis. Primary amenorrhea is the first clinical sign, in patients with 46 XX karyotype, functioning ovaries and normal external genitalia.Creating a satisfactory neovagine when sexual activity is desired is primarily the goal of treatment. This ideal vaginal reconstruction should provide a long-lasting, functional passage for sexual intercourse that does not need maintenance with dilators or lubrication for sexual activity. At present, however, no standard treatment exists. Progressive dilatation is recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists as the first choice for creation of a neovagina, but this requires highly motivated patients and has a considerable failure rate. Surgical treatment usually shares a common step of tissue dissection between the urinary tract and the rectum.
Protocolo de abordagem de derrame pleural
Authors: Dantas George Cavalcente , Reis Ricardo Coelho
Published: June 2018

O derrame pleural (DP) é uma patologia médica comum, com incidência aproximada de 1 milhão de casos ao ano nos Estados Unidos. Estima-se que a incidência no Brasil seja semelhante, tornando-se de grande importância na prática clínica. O derrame pleural ocorre quando existe um acúmulo de líquido entre a pleura visceral e parietal. O transudato geralmente é devido a alterações no controle do fluido corporal, enquanto o exsudato é frequentemente causado por processo inflamatório ou maligno. Neste protocolo, é abordado inicialmente a fisiopatologia, os sinais, os sintomas e as principais causas de DP, incluindo os de etiologia indeterminada. Em seguida, é explorada a investigação inicial, passando por métodos diagnósticos com complexidade crescente, com o objetivo de estabelecer um diagnóstico rápido, reduzindo técnicas invasivas e desnecessárias. Este protocolo apresenta um fluxograma para investigação geral do DP e a abordagem do tratamento de suas principais etiologias, facilitando e orientando a conduta médica no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio (HUWC).
Novel Screening Method for Anti-Colon Cancer Drugs Using Two Sensor Cell Lines with Human β4-Galactosyltransferase 4 Gene Promoters
Authors: Fukushima Naomichi , Sugiyama Atena , Sato Takeshi
Published: June 2018

The increased expression of β4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT) 4 was closely associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer. Recently, we showed that the expression of the β4GalT4 gene is regulated by the 0.17 kb core promoter region containing one binding site for Specificity protein 1 (Sp1). To develop a novel screening method for anti-colon cancer drugs, two sensor cell lines having the luciferase gene under the control of two β4GalT4 gene promoters that differed in length were established from SW480 human colon cancer cells. The hGT4-0.17-sensor cells possessed the luciferase reporter driven by the 0.17 kb promoter, while the hGT4-0.3-sensor cells possessed the luciferase reporter driven by the 0.3 kb promoter containing one binding site each for colon cancer-related transcription factors including activator protein 2, E2F, caudal-related homeobox transcription factors, and Runt-related transcription factors besides Sp1. Upon treatment with mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor U0126, the promoter activities of the hGT4-0.3-sensor cells decreased significantly, while those of the hGT4-0.17-sensor cells unchanged. These results suggest that the responsiveness to U0126 differs between two sensor cell lines due to the different regulation of the luciferase reporters. This study provides the novel screening method for anti-colon cancer drugs by the combination of two sensor cell lines.
Properties of Fired Bricks by Incorporating TFT-LCD Waste Glass Powder with Reservoir Sediments
Authors: Tang Chao-Wei
Published: June 2018

In view of increasing concerns over non-renewable resource depletion and waste management, this study aimed to apply the Taguchi optimization technique to determine the process conditions for producing bricks by incorporating thin film transition liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD) waste glass powder with reservoir sediments. An orthogonal array L16(45) was adopted, which consisted of five controllable four-level factors (i.e., cullet content, drying method, preheat time, sintering temperature, and error). Moreover, the analysis of variance method was used to explore the effects of the experimental factors on the density, water absorption, shrinkage ratio, loss of ignition, porosity, and compressive strength of the fired bricks. The microstructures of the fired specimens were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Then, the large-scale production techniques for fired bricks containing recycled TFT-LCD glass cullet and reservoir sediments was developed in a commercially available tunnel kiln. The test results showed that the structure of fired specimen was loose at a sintering temperature ranged from 900–950 °C. However, the fired specimen showed a significant densification at the sintering temperature of 1050 °C. In addition, Taguchi method is a feasible approach for optimizing process condition of brick using recycled TFT-LCD glass cullet and reservoir sediments and it significantly reduces the number of tests. On the other hand, the characteristics of fired bricks developed in the tunnel kiln were in compliance with Chinese National Standards class Ι building bricks criteria.
The Green Bitter Weed (Hymenoxys odorato) Plant Extract Is Toxic to the Liver and Kidney of Wistar Rats
Authors: Ochieng John Juma , Echoru Isaac , Ajibola Iyiola Musa
Published: June 2018

Background: Medicinal plants are of great importance to health of individual and communities. About 80% of the population in Uganda relies on traditional medicine because western-trained medical personnel are limited especially in villages. Most Ugandans use Hymenoxys odorato for medicinal purposes e.g. to treat colds, fever, coughs, anti-helminthes, locally used as tea, anti-allergy and also as an anti-venom to relieve snake bites. Method: A group of 25 male wistar rats of 150 g–210 g were kept for 14 days while being fed and treated with the extract. At 14th day, anesthesia was given and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for hematological and biochemical investigations. Serum was analyzed for Alkaline Phosphatase, Aspartate Transaminase and Alanine Transaminase while whole blood was used for complete blood count. The liver and kidney were removed and placed in 10% formalin to prepare for histology staining using haematoxylin and eosin technique. Results: The extract elevated hepatic biomarker enzymes i.e. ALP, ALT and AST. The increase was found to be significantly different (P > 0.05) at 400 and 500 mg/kg doses as compared to the control group. Histological sections of the liver showed distortion of liver cytoarchitecture, steatosis, necrosis of hepatocytes and congestion of the sinusoids at high doses 300, 400 and 500 mg/kg body weight. In the sections of the kidney, there was mild distortion of the integrity of the kidney with glomerular hypercellularity at high doses (400 and 500 mg/kg per body weight). Conclusion: Hymenoxys odorato aqueous extract has toxic effects on the liver and kidney of wistar rats. The effects were observed to be in a dose dependent manner.
Simulated thermomagnetic properties of DyAl2, HoAl2 and ErAl2 compounds in comparison with the results for TbAl2, GdAl2 and SmAl2 compounds calculated by ATOMIC MATTERS MFA Computation System
Authors: Michalski Rafał , Zygadło Jakub , Lanczewski Tomasz
Published: June 2018

We present the results of calculations of magnetic properties of 3 compounds from Laves phase C15 family: DyAl2, HoAl2 and ErAl2 performed with a new computation system called ATOMIC MATTERS MFA. We compare these findings with the recently published results for TbAl2, GdAl2 and SmAl2. The calculation methodology was based on the localized electron approach applied to describe the thermal evolution electronic structure of rare-earth R3+ ions over a wide temperature range and to compute magnetocaloric effect (MCE). Thermomagnetic properties were calculated based on the fine electronic structure of 4f9, 4f10 and 4f11 configurations of the Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+ ions, respectively. Our calculations yield the magnetic moment value and direction; single-crystalline magnetization curves in zero field and external magnetic field applied in various directions of m(T, Bext); the 4f-electronic components of specific heat c4f(T, Bext); and temperature dependence of the magnetic entropy and isothermal entropy change with external magnetic field -S(T, Bext). The cubic CEF parameter values used for DyAl2 calculations are taken from earlier research of A.L. Lima, A.O. Tsokol and recalculated for universal cubic parameters (Amn) for the RAl2 series. Our studies reveal the importance of multipolar charge interactions when describing thermomagnetic properties of real 4f electronic systems and the effectiveness of an applied self-consistent molecular field in calculations for magnetic phase transition simulation.
ApoB-100 Lipoproteins Complex Formation with Intima Proteoglycans as Cause of Atherosclerosis and Its Possible Ex vivo Evaluation as a Disease Biomarker
Authors: Hurt-Camejo Eva , Camejo Germán
Published: June 2018

Experimental and clinical data indicates that the initiation and progress of atherosclerosis, and its clinical manifestations, are caused first by circulating apoB-100 lipoproteins that enter and are retained in the arterial intima. Extracellular sulfated proteoglycans (PGs) of the intima are the retention agents. The PGs also initiate physical and biochemical lipoprotein degradation with the production of bioactive, lipid products that trigger an inflammatory response that leads to atherosclerosis. There are many simple methods for measuring abnormalities of circulating lipoproteins and their relation to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). However, limited research has been aimed to evaluate procedures that could report quantitatively about the contribution of the apo-100 lipoprotein-arterial intima PGs interaction to clinical manifestation of ACVD. In the present review we will discuss observations indicating that simple ex vivo evaluation of the affinity of apoB-100 lipoproteins for arterial PGs and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) can give indication of its association with clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. In addition, we will discuss molecular and cellular aspect of the apoB-100 lipoproteins association with arterial PGs that are related to atherogenesis and that support the experimental framework behind the current “Response-to-Retention” hypothesis of atherosclerosis
Export competitiveness: Assessment through the Balassa index (the case of Armenia)
Authors: Sargsyan Arpine
Published: June 2018

The competitiveness of domestic products at the regional or global market is one of the cornerstones of a country’s internationalcompetitiveness. In this regard, the assessment and analysis of the competitiveness of a country’s international trade becomes an important issue. Thus, development and diversification of the export potential of the country is viewed as one of the most important directions of the international trade policy of the given country. Therefore, another important task is the specialization of the country in the most efficient and competitive segments of the economy. The above-mentioned circumstances embody the fact, that the role of quantitative assessment of potential competitive advantages is important, as it allows determining to what extent certain factors influence on the formation of export capacity in the country. The main objective of the study is to determine the role of export competitiveness in the process of competitive advantages formation of a country. This study mainly focuses on quantitative analysis based on the calculation of Balassa index, determining the extent to which a country has a comparative advantage in producing and exporting certain goods. The study presents the example of the Republic of Armenia, the study covers the period between 2002- 2016. Based on the index calculation, it can be determined whether the country has "revealed" comparative advantage or not. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that its main findings and conclusions arising from it can be used in assessing the export competitiveness of not only Armenia, but also for other countries or groups of countries.The outcomes and implication of the research can be used to improve the competitiveness of goods and services in the global market.
Nonlinear vibration of a nonlocal nanobeam resting on fractional order viscoelastic pasternak foundations
Authors: Eyebe Guy joseph , Betchewe Gambo , Alidou Mohamadou , Kofane Timoleon crepin
Published: June 2018

In the present study, nonlinear vibration of a nanobeam resting on fractional order viscoelastic Winkler-Pasternak foundaion is studied using nonlocal elasticity theory. D'Alembert principle is used to derive the governing equation and the associated boundary conditions. The approximate analytical solution is obtained by applying the multiple scales method. Detailled parametric study is conducted, the effects of variation in different parameters belonging to the application problems on the system are calculated numerically and depicted. We remark that the order and the coefficient of the fractional derivative have significant effect on the natural frequency and the amplitude of vibrations
Development of an Intersection Module for a Modularized Rail Structure – Implementation of Compliant Mechanisms for a Replacing Task of Movable Parts –
Authors: Fukui Rui , Kanayama Gen , Kato Yuta , Takahashi Ryo , Warisawa Shin’ichi ,   Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8563, Japan,   Central Japan Railway Company JR Central Towers, 1-1-4 Meieki, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 450-6101, Japan,   Sony Corporation 1-7-1 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0075, Japan
Published: June 2018

For decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, we are developing an “automated construction system for a modularized rail structure.” The intersection module developed in this study produces structure branches and changes robot attitudes. To maintain module functions, assuming the anticipated malfunctions caused by high-radiation environments, remotely controlled robots are used to replace malfunctioning parts of the module. To facilitate maintenance tasks, small positioning errors must be accommodated. This compliant function can be realized by the maintenance robot or the module. To elucidate effective combinations of the compliant mechanisms, experiments are conducted using prototypes. Experimental results confirm that the compliant mechanism of the robot contributes more efficiently than that of the module. This study is expected to be applied to practical distributed robotic systems because it is necessary to replace malfunction parts as simply as possible if they are replaced by remotely controlled robots.
Development of Predictive Algorithms for Pre-Treatment Motor Deficit and 90-Day Mortality in Spinal Epidural Abscess
Authors: Shah Akash A. , Ogink Paul T. , Harris Mitchel B. , Schwab Joseph H.
Published: June 2018

Background:

Spinal epidural abscess is a high-risk condition that can lead to paralysis or death. It would be of clinical and prognostic utility to identify which subset of patients with spinal epidural abscess is likely to develop a motor deficit or die within 90 days of discharge.

Methods:

We identified all patients ≥18 years of age who were admitted to our hospital system with a diagnosis of spinal epidural abscess during the period of 1993 to 2016. Explanatory variables were collected retrospectively. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed using these variables to identify independent predictors of motor deficit and 90-day mortality. Nomograms were then constructed to quantify the risk of these outcomes.

Results:

Of the 1,053 patients we identified with spinal epidural abscess, 362 presented with motor weakness. One hundred and thirty-four patients died within 90 days of discharge, inclusive of those who died during hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression yielded 8 independent predictors of pre-treatment motor deficit and 8 independent predictors of 90-day mortality. We constructed nomograms that generated a probability of pre-treatment motor deficit or 90-day mortality on the basis of the presence of these factors.

Conclusions:

By quantifying the risk of pre-treatment motor deficit and 90-day mortality, our nomograms may provide useful prognostic information for the treatment team. Timely treatment of neurologically intact patients with a high risk of developing a motor deficit is necessary to avoid residual motor weakness and improve survival.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of Levels of Evidence.
Inter-organizational imitation: Definition and typology
Authors: Bourkha Bilal , Belfellah Younes
Published: June 2018

The sustained idea of this article is that the concept of imitation has not been sufficiently developed in the field of strategic management and has often been confused with the notion of mimicry. Therefore, the objective of this research is to emphasize the distinction between different types of imitation unlike a lot of research on companies imitative behavior focused on one type as the perfect imitation. This will clarify ambiguities in the literature on imitation, and show that the mobilization of neo institutional theory is not sufficient to explain all the imitative behavior of organizations in a market.
Public companies non-financial reporting and audit in Ukraine: challenges and prospects
Authors: Makarenko Inna
Published: June 2018

Public interest entities and public companies as their representatives should be an example in implementing of sustainable development initiatives (sustainable development goals of the United Nations, development strategy «Europe-2020», «Sustainable Development Strategy»Ukraine-2020») in the light of Association agreement. Main challenges for Ukrainian public companies are non-financial information disclosure and assurance of both financial and non-financial reporting through statutory audit. Key prospects of public companies accounting system reform were outlined in this regard. This research may contribute to the existing literature in regard of identifying key areas of improving financial and non-financial information PIEs disclosure as well as its independent verification through statutory audit. This improvement should incorporate European experience and provision of Directive 2014/95 / EU, Directive 2013/34 / EU, Directive 2014/56 / EU and Regulation (EU) no. 537/2014. Among the promising areas of research, introduction of integrated reporting for Ukrainian PIEs is worth noting.
Cognitive modeling of reinsurance flows on the global reinsurance market
Authors: Kozmenko Olga , Kuzmenko Olha
Published: June 2018

The article studies one of the areas of the world globalization processes – formation, interaction and regulation of financial flows of world reinsurers. Mathematical formalization of the relationships of countries’ reinsurance flows is proposed to be built on the basis of cognitive maps and correlation analysis. Identification of relevant areas of global reinsurers’ development is conducted on the basis of indicators of consonances of mutual influence, interaction and centralization.
Why public education is unequal: case of Ukrainian rural schools
Authors: Muliavka Viktoriia
Published: June 2018

Ukrainian educational system is not able to provide equal access to the university, regardless of children’s socio-economic background. Despite of the anti-discrimination ideas in legislation and in public discourse (with implementation of transparent mechanism of selection in 2004 - External Independent Testing), there are statistically significant differences in the results of EIT (that defines chances to get higher education) between children from rural area and their peers from urban schools (especially from elite ones). The research is based on Bourdieu’s theoretical concept of capitals and seven in-depth interviews with teachers from rural schools in different regions of Ukraine. Based on the findings, the author divides mechanisms of reproduction of educational inequality into four dimensions: economic capital of the school, economic capital of the family, cultural capital of the school and cultural capital of the family. Current educational reforms of secondary and higher education in Ukraine will not improve situation with access to higher education for children from poor social background. Closing of unprofitable universities and schools in rural area, expending the years of studying at school and implementation on funding reallocation based on a competition with financial support only of those, who are more successful, will deepen educational inequality, making accesses to the mechanism of improving socio-economic position even more dependent from socio-economic background.
The modern context of the human development risks
Authors: Makarova Olena
Published: June 2018

The article studies objective preconditions of development of the concept of ‘human development risks’; the most prominent works of sociological science and their contribution to the theory of social risks, with some alternative modern interpretations of the risks of social development, which find their expression in such social movements as ‘anti-consumerism’ and ‘de-growth’. The focus is made on interpretations formed at the junction of two global concepts including ‘human development’ and ‘sustainable development’, as well as their reflection in international documents and activities of international organizations. The results of activities regarding the determination of priorities of sustainable development for Ukraine are presented. The specific features of the risks’ manifestation and their interpretation for the human development of Ukraine on the background of unfavorable socioeconomic dynamics are presented, while the estimates of Ukraine’s human development indices and their dynamics at the regional level are introduced.
Evolution of water wells focusing on Balkan and Asian civilizations
Authors: Voudouris Konstantinos , Valipour Mohammad , Kaiafa Asimina , Zheng Xiao Yun , Kumar Rohitashw , Zanier Katharina , Kolokytha Elpida , Angelakis Andreas
Published: June 2018

The provision of water has been a major enterprise in human history. Groundwater was one of the first sources since the prehistoric times to cover human needs. Initially, the exploitation of groundwater has been made by shallow wells and later by boreholes. A water well is constructed through excavation in the ground by digging, driving, boring, or drilling to access groundwater in aquifers. Groundwater wells were used in the Helladic world since Neolithic times. Ancient China developed a sophisticated tool for drilling water wells that is similar to modern machines. Qanat, a system of wells, originated in Iran (Persia), but was adopted by other countries. Moreover, the Indus valley civilization had well-constructed wells mainly for drinking purposes. The construction of wells varied according to local conditions, determined by geology, hydrogeology, and morphology, as well as by local tradition. Furthermore, a well was not just a water source but also became a cultural symbol throughout history, related to local religion and custom. The stepwells in India became not only sources of drinking water, but also holy places (sanctuaries) for bathing, meditation and prayer. In the present review, the evolution of wells through the centuries is examined. The study of water well technologies demonstrates their diachronic evolution and, furthermore, reveals that the ancient people had an outstanding engineering knowledge of water exploitation, which is interesting for water engineering and hydrogeologists, even nowadays.
Dantrolene : From Malignant Hyperthermia to Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Shi Yun , Wang Yong , Wei Huafeng
Published: June 2018

Dantrolene, a ryanodine receptor antagonist, is primarily known as the only clinically acceptable
and effective treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia (MH). Inhibition of Ryanodine Receptor
(RyR) by dantrolene decreases the abnormal calcium release from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) or
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), where RyR is located. Recently, emerging researches on dissociated
cells, brains slices, live animal models and patients have demonstrated that altered RyR expression and
function can also play a vital role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Therefore, dantrolene
is now widely studied as a novel treatment for AD, targeting the blockade of RyR channels or
another alternative pathway, such as the inhibitory effects of NMDA glutamate receptors and the effects
of ER-mitochondria connection. However, the therapeutic effects are not consistent. In this review,
we focus on the relationship between the altered RyR expression and function and the pathogenesis
of AD, and the potential application of dantrolene as a novel treatment for the disease.
A Review of Medical Waste Management in South Africa
Authors: FC Olaniyi , JS Ogola , TG Tshitangano
Published: June 2018

Background:

Poor medical waste management has been implicated in an increase in the number of epidemics and waste-related diseases in the past years. South Africa is resource-constrained in the management of medical waste.

Objectives:

A review of studies regarding medical waste management in South Africa in the past decade was undertaken to explore the practices of medical waste management and the challenges being faced by stakeholders.

Method:

Published articles, South African government documents, reports of hospital surveys, unpublished theses and dissertations were consulted, analysed and synthesised. The studies employed quantitative, qualitative and mixed research methods and documented comparable results from all provinces.

Results:

The absence of a national policy to guide the medical waste management practice in the provinces was identified as the principal problem. Poor practices were reported across the country from the point of medical waste generation to disposal, as well as non-enforcement of guidelines in the provinces where they exit. The authorized disposal sites nationally are currently unable to cope with the enormous amount of the medical waste being generated and illegal dumping of the waste in unapproved sites have been reported. The challenges range from lack of adequate facilities for temporary storage of waste to final disposal.

Conclusion:

These challenges must be addressed and the practices corrected to forestall the adverse effects of poorly managed medical waste on the country. There is a need to develop a medical waste policy to assist in the management of such waste.
Исследование спонтанной эмиссии в брэгговских монослойных квантовых ямах InAs
Authors: Позина Г. , Калитеевский М.А. , Никитина Е.В. , Губайдуллин А.Р. , Иванов К.А. , Егоров А.Ю.
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe time-resolved photoluminescence of a Bragg structure formed by InAs single-layer quantum wells in a GaAs matrix is investigated experimentally. The comparison of photoluminescence spectra recorded from the edge and the surface of the sample indicates that Bragg ordering of the quantum wells leads to substantial modification of the spectra, in particular, to the appearance of additional modes. The spectrum recorded at the edge of the sample features a single line corresponding to the exciton ground state. In the spectrum recorded at the surface, an additional line whose frequency and propagation angle correspond to the Bragg condition for quantum wells, appears at high excitation levels. The calculation of the modal Purcell factor explains the fact that spontaneous emission is enhanced only for specific propagation angles and frequencies, rather than for all angles and frequencies satisfying the Bragg condition.
Способ активно-импульсного видения с электронным затвором на CCD-фотоприемнике
Authors: Алантьев Д.В. , Голицын А.А. , Голицын А.В. , Паулиш А.Г. , Сейфи Н.А. , Чибурун С.Д.
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe results of the development and experimental investigation of the gated-viewing method without the using an image intensifier as a fast shutter are presented. The device for implementing the method consists of an interline CCD image sensor with an input lens and 906 nm pulsed laser diode with an output lens that forms an illumination beam. The gated-viewing method is based on the original CCD control procedure, which allows observing multiple pulses without lowering the frame rate. Experimental studies have shown the method feasibility under conditions of smoke and fog.
Электрические и магнитные свойства ультратонких поликристаллических пленок Fe, выращенных на SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-/Si(001)
Authors: Балашев В.В. , Ермаков К.С. , Чеботкевич Л.А. , Коробцов В.В.
Published: June 2018

AbstractUltrathin polycrystalline Fe films have been grown on the oxidized surface of a Si(001) substrate. The resistivity and magnetic hysteresis of Fe films have been measured in the range of thickness from 2.5 to 10 nm. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, it is suggested that there is a transition to the structurally continuous film at a thickness of ~6 nm. It is found that Fe grains in this film acquire the preferred (111) orientation during this transition.
Влияние легирующих добавок кобальта и молибдена на структуру и параметры памяти формы пористого реакционно-спеченного никелида титана
Authors: Артюхова Н.В. , Ясенчук Ю.Ф. , Гарин А.С. , Гюнтер В.Э.
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe have studied the structure and properties of porous nickel titanium (TiNi) alloys obtained upon reaction sintering of Ti and Ni powders with Co and Mo additives. It is established that Co and Mo doping additives retain the compaction of Ni powder achieved at the initial stage of sintering. The maximum deformation of porous samples loaded in the austenite state was observed upon adding Co, while the addition of Mo resulted in minimum deformation. The addition of Co leads to single-stage martensitic transformation in TiNi phase, while the addition of Mo leads to the two-stage transformation that is more homogeneous over the volume. Both Co and Mo additives lead to increase in the maximum accumulated strain due to the formation of favorably oriented stress-induced martensite and reoriented quench-induced martensite.
Social Networking Site for Suicide Database in Bangladesh (Preprint)
Authors: Rashid Soron Tanjir
Published: June 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

The use of social networking sites has exponentially increased in the recent years and the increment was most noticeable among the youth. However, suicide is the second leading cause of death among this group and they are the most active group in the different social networking sites. They share their thoughts, photos, opinions and news including the news of suicide. Whenever, they came to know the death of a friend or follower they share the news express their grief. In addition they also show their condolence to the death of the relative or friends of Facebook friends Moreover, all the television channels and newspapers share their information and news in Facebook, Tweeter and other social media from where we can collect information. Bangladesh is a Muslim developing country in South East Asia that lacks any national suicide database due a number of sociocultural, religious and political factors. As a result, the existing the data on suicide in the country shows about 20 fold variation in different reports. However, the country can develop national suicide database by extracting the information shared in the Facebook and verifying each incidents from different Facebook users. This idea can solve a long lasting problem in many developing low and middle income countries.
Фармакологічні властивості і клінічна ефективність препарату Алфлутоп при лікуванні патології опорно-рухового апарату
Authors: Mamchur V.I. , Nosyvets D.S.
Published: June 2018

Авторами статті на підставі аналітичного вивчення вітчизняної та зарубіжної літератури описані основні фармакологічні властивості препарату Алфлутоп (виробництва S.C. «Biotehnos» S.A., Румунія) та його ефективність при фармакотерапії дегенеративно-дистрофічних захворювань опорно-рухового апарату. Описано фармакологічні ефекти препарату Алфлутоп і розкриті доведені механізми їх розвитку. Авторами показано, що препарат Алфлутоп є ефективним і безпечним засобом фармакотерапії дегенеративно-дистрофічних захворювань опорно-рухового апарату.
Дискусійні питання застосування манітолу у хворих на гострий інсульт (огляд літератури й власний досвід)
Authors: Halushko O.A. , Bogdan A.M.
Published: June 2018

У статті обговорюються дискусійні питання застосування манітолу у хворих на гострий інсульт (ГІ). Описуються особливості лікування набряку й набухання головного мозку та відомі ускладнення при застосування манітолу в цієї категорії пацієнтів. Подано власний досвід лікування 416 хворих на ГІ, у більшості з яких застосовували манітол (402 з 416 хворих, або 96,63 %). Встановлено, що у хворих, які отримували інфузії манітолу, часто спостерігалися електролітні порушення. Загалом той або інший вид електролітних порушень виявлено в 73,9 % випадків (258 із 349 хворих, які перебували на лікуванні понад 7 діб). Найчастіше виникав дисбаланс обміну натрію та калію. Як підсумок огляду літератури та аналізу власного досвіду пропонується компромісне вирішення проблеми застосування манітолу у хворих на ГІ.
Структура ускладнень, причини летальності та клініко-морфологічні паралелі при гострих отруєннях метадону гідрохлоридом
Authors: Andryuishchenko V.V. , Kalish N.M. , Kurdil N.V.
Published: June 2018

Актуальність. Актуальність дослідження отруєнь метадону гідрохлоридом в м. Києві обумовлена значним збільшенням кількості отруєнь серед населення останніми роками та високими показниками летальності. Мета. Визначення факторів, що спричинили летальні наслідки при отруєнні метадону гідрохлоридом, з метою розробки заходів зниження летальності серед цієї категорії хворих. Матеріали та методи. Предметом дослідження є 35 летальних випадків, що сталися внаслідок отруєння «вуличним» метадоном у період 2005–2017 рр. і результати їх судово-медичного дослідження. Результати. Авторами встановлено, що в середньому кількість отруєнь метадону гідрохлоридом становить 20 % від загальної кількості пролікованих пацієнтів із гострими отруєннями. Найбільші показники летальності були зареєстровані у 2009 (8,33 %) та 2015 (7,82 %) роках. Основні причини смерті: висока доза отрути, наявність супутніх захворювань у пацієнтів із наркотичною залежністю; наявність ускладнень у токсикогенній фазі отруєння; розвиток ускладнень у соматогенній фазі отруєння. Аналіз частоти і термінів настання летальних випадків у хворих із гострими отруєннями метадону гідрохлоридом демонструє, що 38 % летальних випадків було зареєстровано в першу добу після отруєння. Серед інфекційних ускладнень найчастіше виявлено гнійну пневмонію — 80 %, серед неінфекційних — токсичну гепатонефропатію (34,3 %) і синдром тривалої компресії м’яких тканин, ускладнений розвитком гострої ниркової недостатності, — 22,9 %. За результатами морфологічного дослідження встановлено ознаки системного запального процесу — сепсису (14,2 % випадків). Висновки. Сьогодні в Україні отруєння метадону гідрохлоридом є найбільш небезпечним видом отруєння, що підтверджується найвищою серед інших отруєнь кількістю смертельних випадків, раннім розвитком смертельних ускладнень, тривалим періодом лікування, що потребує застосування складних методів штучної детоксикації та тривалого періоду реабілітації.
Пріоритетні напрямки лікування хворих на гострий панкреатит
Authors: Pidhirny Ya.M. , Pidhirny B.Ya.
Published: June 2018

Актуальність. У статті проаналізовано стратегічні напрямки інтенсивної терапії гострого тяжкого панкреатиту. Метою даної роботи є визначення пріоритетних напрямків інтенсивної терапії та хірургії у хворих з гострим панкреатитом (ГП) для запобігання системним ускладненням захворювання, інфікуванню при розвитку некрозу підшлункової залози та парапанкреатичного простору. Матеріали та методи. Обстежені 32 хворі (10 жінок і 22 чоловіки), які надійшли у Львівську обласну клінічну лікарню з діагнозом тяжкого гострого панкреатиту з 2014 по 2017 рік. Причиною гострого панкреатиту у 18 пацієнтів були жовчнокам’яна хвороба і мікролітіаз, у 12 хворих — зловживання алкоголем, а у 2 пацієнтів було діагностовано ідіопатичний панкреатит. Результати. Показана доцільність проведення інфузійної терапії, враховуючи термін хвороби. Операційні втручання виконували не раніше другого-третього тижня захворювання, найчастішого терміну інфікування некротичних вогнищ і демаркації ділянок некрозу. При можливості перевагу надавали міні-інвазивним методам дренування ділянок деструкції. Усі антипротеазні препарати не повною мірою довели свою ефективність. Показаннями до початку антибактеріальної терапії є зростання рівня С-реактивного білка та прокальцитоніну. Висновки. Лікування хворих з ГП вимагає мультидисциплінарного підходу з залученням анестезіологів, хірургів, бактеріологів, радіологів та інших спеціалістів, рішення кожного з них повинно бути пріоритетним на певному етапі лікування хворих.
Електроміографічна діагностика порушень моторики язика неврологічного генезу у пацієнтів з оклюзійною патологією
Authors: Tsyganok A.V. , Kindiy D.D. , Maliuchenko N.N. , Odzhubeyska O.D. , Kalashnykov D.V. , Korol M.D.
Published: June 2018

Актуальність. Розлади моторики язика, що зустрічаються в практиці лікарів-неврологів, є наслідком великої кількості різноманітних патологій. Найпоширенішими захворюваннями, що можуть супроводжуватися розладами лінгвомоторики, є гострі порушення мозкового кровообігу та їх віддалені наслідки. Актуальним залишається питання участі лікаря-стоматолога у міжгалузевому підході до діагностики порушень моторики язика. Поширеним методом діагностики розладів функціонування м’язів є поверхнева електроміографія. Мета. Удосконалення методики електроміографічної діагностики патології лінгвомоторики у пацієнтів із віддаленими наслідками гострих порушень мозкового кровообігу в комбінації з оклюзійними дефектами. Матеріали та методи. Відповідно до поставленої мети нами було виконано поперечне дослідження «випадок — контроль». До клінічної групи дослідження увійшли 87 пацієнтів. Контрольну групу становили 40 осіб. Методика клінічного обстеження пацієнтів включала збір скарг і анамнезу життя та захворювання, неврологічне обстеження у стаціонарі під час надходження на планове лікування від наслідків перенесених цереброваскулярних хвороб. Стоматологічне обстеження включало зовнішній огляд і обстеження ротової порожнини щодо наявності дефектів зубних рядів і визначення інтенсивності каріозного процесу. Електроміографічне дослідження м’язів язика відбувалося за допомогою розробленого нами пристрою для поверхневої глобальної електроміографії. Результати. При дослідженні інтерференційної кривої у пацієнтів даної групи було виділено декілька типів патернів, характерних для неврологічних уражень центрального або периферичного мотонейрона. Для пірамідного патерну періоду спокою характерно збереження нормального вигляду ізолінії з візуально підвищеною амплітудою та поодинокими потенціалами фасцикуляцій. Період довільного максимального напруження характеризується збереженням вигляду нормальної веретеноподібної кривої з візуальним зменшенням максимальної амплітуди. Для ураження периферичного мотонейрона характерний розріджений характер кривої на фоні підвищення амплітуди довільного максимального напруження, що відповідає процесам реіннервації. При порівнянні показників пацієнтів клінічної групи з отриманими даними досліджуваних контрольної групи нами були отримані статистично вірогідні (p < 0,05) відмінності між кількісними показниками інтерференційної кривої за максимальною та середньою амплітудою періодів спокою та напруження, а також за середньою частотою періоду напруження. Висновки. Високі показники інтенсивності карієсу та його ускладнень у неврологічних пацієнтів свідчать про можливість залучення лікарів-стоматологів до діагностики та реабілітації даних хворих. Аналіз отриманих даних свідчить про можливість застосування запропонованої методики електроміографії для вдосконалення алгоритмів діагностики неврологічних захворювань.
Ризик розвитку синдрому обструктивного апное сну у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу
Authors: Daminova L.T. , Esimova D.M. , Muminova S.U. , Sadikova D.Sh. , Sultanova F.T.
Published: June 2018

Актуальність. Поширеність синдрому обструктивного апное сну (СОАС) у осіб із цукровим діабетом (ЦД) 2-го типу становить від 18 до 36 %. Мета дослідження: вивчити частоту СОАС і особливості його перебігу у хворих на ЦД 2-го типу. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 300 пацієнтів (середній вік 59,40 ± 6,66 року) з ЦД 2-го типу (150 жінок і 150 чоловіків). Результати. За результатами анкетування відзначено, що хропіння уві сні зустрічалося у 45,4 % чоловіків і 75,7 % жінок з ЦД 2-го типу. 87 % пацієнтів пред’являли скарги на слабкість упродовж дня. У 25,7 % жінок і 10,6 % чоловіків виявлені періодичні зупинки дихання уві сні. Підвищення артеріального тиску, переважно в уранішні години, спостерігалося у пацієнтів з ЦД 2-го типу серед жінок частіше (96,9 %), ніж у чоловіків (65,1 %). Високий ризик розвитку СОАС мали 37,5 % чоловіків і 40,9 % жінок з ЦД 2-го типу. Висновки. СОАС має негативний вплив на якість життя хворих на ЦД 2-го типу, а також знижує показники загального здоров’я і фізіологічного сну, що позначається на фізичному і психологічному стані пацієнтів. Пацієнти з надмірною масою тіла більше зазнають ризику розвитку СОАС. Отримані результати дозволяють рекомендувати подальше дослі­дження хворих з полісомнографом для постановки діагнозу СОАС і його лікування.
Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени: особенности метаболических изменений на разных этапах развития болезни
Authors: Stepanov Yu.M. , Nedzvetskaya N.V. , Yagmur V.B. , Klenina I.A.
Published: June 2018

Актуальность. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) — хроническое диффузное заболевание печени, которое включает простой стеатоз, неалкогольный стеатогепатит (НАСГ) с возможностью прогрессирования до цирроза или даже гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы. Известно много причин стеатоза печени, однако НАЖБП ассоциируется преимущественно с инсулинорезистентностью и метаболическим синдромом (МС), что дало основание рассматривать НАЖБП как печеночную манифестацию последнего. Печень играет ключевую роль в обмене жирных кислот (ЖК) и триглицеридов, обеспечивая синтез, накопление, секрецию и окисление ЖК. При свойственном МС абдоминальном ожирении отмечается эксцессивный поток ЖК от висцерального жира через портальную вену в печень с развитием стеатоза. Накопление липидов в печени запускает каскад прооксидативных гепатотоксических событий, которые приводят к развитию НАСГ и возможного его прогрессирования. Цель: определение особенностей метаболических изменений на разных этапах развития НАЖБП. Материалы и методы. В исследование вошли пациенты с НАЖБП, которые проходили обследование и лечение в отделении заболеваний печени и поджелудочной железы ГУ «Институт гастроэнтерологии НАМН Украины». Всем больным проводилось ультразвуковое исследование органов брюшной полости, проводились стандартные биохимические исследования и определения в сыворотке крови общего холестерина, b-липопротеидов, триглицеридов, липопротеидов низкой плотности, липопротеидов очень низкой плотности, липопротеидов высокой плотности, глюкозы, инсулина. Результаты. Метаболические изменения в виде инсулинорезистентности и проатерогенных изменений липидограммы, характерные для всех больных с НАЖБП, были более выражены при стеатозе печени. Выводы. Полученные результаты обусловливают необходимость обязательного исследования показателей липидного и углеводного обмена у пациентов со стеатозом печенки для своевременной коррекции нарушений, что уменьшит прогрессирование НАЖБП.