bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The first molecular detection of Canine herpesvirus-1 in reproductive specimens of adult dogs in Iran
Authors: Rezaei Mahdieh , Jajarmi Maziar , Alizadeh Ramin , Khalili Mohammad , Babaei Homayoon
Published: November 2019

Background Canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) is recognized to be enzootic in the dog population with a widespread distribution. This pathogen leads to a lethal generalized illness in newborn puppies and is associated with reproductive disorders. CHV-1 should be considered as an important pathogen of neonatal death and infertility; so, it appears to pose a threat for breeding kennels. Although serologic data point to the circulation of CHV-1 among dogs of Iran, not definitive diagnosis has been conducted based on the molecular assay. So, this research was done to detect the prevalence of CHV-1 in dogs of Kerman. In this study, the presence of CHV-1 in vaginal specimens and biopsies of the uterus of dogs referring to the Veterinary Hospital of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman was determined. Samples were collected and evaluated using real-time PCR.Results Viral DNA was detected in 21 samples from a total of 140 (15%) collected samples which were related to 14 uterine samples (20%) and 7 (10%) vaginal specimens. The association of this virus with age, breed, housing, pregnancy and reproductive disorders was not significant.Conclusions This study is the first molecular detection of CHV-1 in reproductive samples of dogs in Iran. Considering the significant prevalence of this virus, it is necessary to carry out management measures in controlling and preventing this disease. Tracing CHV-1 requires further research on this virus in dogs of this region.
Dilatation of the Cystic Duct Confluence in Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration and stone extraction for Patients with Secondary Choledocholithiasis
Authors: Yang Xiao-Bin , Xu An-Shu , Li Jian-Gang , Xu Yong-Ping , Xu De-Song , Fu Chao-Chun , Deng Da-Bo , Li Jie , Zhang Ma-Zhong
Published: November 2019

The advent of endoscopic and laporoscopic techniques changed surgery in many regards. A number of options exist in the management of cholelithiasis and secondary choledocholithiasis. Among them, laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) exploration with the choledocotomy followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has gained popularity. However, efforts should be made for minimally invasive or non-invasive to the CBD. For this purpose, we modified the surgical modality by laparoscopic transcystic approach with dilatation of the cystic duct confluence in CBD exploration (LTD-CBDE). The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility, safety and effectivity of LTD-CBDE based on our preliminary experience.
Brilliant Blue G, a P2X7 receptor antagonist, attenuates early phase of renal inflammation, interstitial fibrosis and is associated with renal cell proliferation in ureteral obstruction in rats
Authors: Pereira José Monteiro Sad , Barreira André Luis , Gomes Conrado Rodrigues , Ornellas Felipe Mateus , Ornellas Débora Santos , Miranda Luiz Carlos , Cardoso Lucio Ronaldo , Coutinho-Silva Robson , Schanaider Alberto , Morales Marcelo M. , Leite Maurilo , Takiya Christina Maeda
Published: November 2019

Background Previous study showed that purinergic P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) reach the highest expression in the first week after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice, and are involved in the process of inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis of renal tissue. We, herein, document the role of purinergic P2X7 receptors activation on the third day of UUO, as assessed by means of BBG as its selective inhibitor.Methods We investigated the effects of brilliant blue G (BBG), a P2X7R antagonist, in the third day of kidney tissue response to UUO in rats. For this purpose, male Wistar rats submitted to UUO or sham operated, received BBG or vehicle (V), comprising four groups: UUO-BBG, UUO-V, sham-BBG and sham-V. The kidneys were harvested on day 3 UUO and prepared for histology, immunohistochemistry (P2X7R, PCNA, CD-68, α-sma, TGF-β1, Heat-shock protein-47, TUNEL assay), quantitative real-time PCR (IL-1β, procollagens type I, III, and IV) for mRNA quantification.Results The group UUO-V presented an enhancement in tubular cell P2X7-R expression, increase influx of macrophages and myofibroblasts, HSP-47 and TGF- β1 expression. Also, upregulation of procollagen types I, III, and IV, and IL-1β mRNAs were seen. On the other hand, group UUO-BBG showed lower expression of procollagens and IL-1β mRNAs, as well as less immunoreactivity of HSP-47, TGF-β, macrophages, myofibroblasts, and tubular apoptosis. This group also presented increased epithelial cell proliferation.Conclusion BBG, a known highly selective inhibitor of P2X7R, attenuated renal inflammation, collagen synthesis, renal cell apoptosis, and enhanced renal cell proliferation in the early phase of rat model of UUO.
Revascularization for Stable Chronic Total Occlusion is Essential for Diabetic Patient with Heart Failure
Authors: Yan Yunfeng , Zhang Mingduo , Ma Zhuo , Zhang Zilong , Yuan Fei , Liu Hong , Xu Feng , Zhang Min , Wang Wei , Zhou Kuo , Zhao Quanming , Lyu Shuzheng
Published: November 2019

Background Revascularization is the recommended treatment strategy for patients with heart failure (HF) and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, chronic total occlusion (CTO) is less attempt. Furthermore, there were conflicting debates on if diabetic HF patients gained benefits from revascularization. As to CTO revascularization, no study answered if it offered benefits to diabetic HF patients. Methods Diabetic patients with stable CTO and HF were consecutively enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Based on treatment strategies to the CTO vessel, patients were assigned to successful revascularization (CTO-SR) or medical therapy (CTO-MT) group. The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Subgroup analysis were performed based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and relevant baseline variables. Results A population of 680 patients were enrolled in the present study: 344 patients in the CTO-MT group, and 336 patients in the CTO-SR group. After a median follow-up of 34 months, CTO-SR was superior to CTO-MT in MACE (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.462, 95% conference interval [CI]: 0.337-0.634), which could mainly due to the superiority in cardiac-death and TVR. Propensity matching analysis also confirmed CTO-SR’s superiority (HR: 0.494 [0.337-0.725]). Subgroup analysis further confirmed a consistent superiority in patients with LVEF≥40%, but not in those with LVEF<40%.Conclusions For patients with diabetes, HF and stable CTO, CTO-SR was superior to CTO-MT. CTO-SR’s superiority was consistent in patients with LVEF≥40%, but not for patients with LVEF<40%. Trial registration This study was not registered in an open access database.
Downregulation of S100 Calcium Binding Protein A12 inhibits the growth of glioma cells
Authors: Lu Chunhe , Liu Jia , Yao Mingze , Li Lun , Li Guangyu
Published: November 2019

Introduction: S100 Calcium Binding Protein A12 (S100A12) is a member of the S100 protein family and is widely expressed in neutrophil and low expressed in lymphocytes and monocyte. However, the role of S100A12 in glioma has not yet been identified. Methods: In the present study, we carried out immunohistochemical investigation of S100A12 in 81 glioma tissues to determine the expression of s100A12 in glioma cells, and evaluate the clinical significance of S100A12 in glioma patients. Futher we knockdown the S100A12 by ShRNA, and evaluated cell proliferation, cell migration and cell apoptosis by MTT,clony formation assay, transwell assay ,flow cytometry assa and westernblot. Results: We found that S100A12 was upregulated in tissues of glioma patients and the expression was correlated to WHO stage and tumor size. Further, we found that knockdown S100A12 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells through regulating cell apoptosis and EMT. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated a novel function for S100A12 in glioma progression and suggested that S100A12 may be served as a new marker in the tumorigenesis and progression of glioma.
Peptides regulating gastrointestinal function in children before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Rej Magdalena , Skoczeń Szymon , Pietrys Danuta , Kwiecińska Kinga , Tomasik Przemysław J. , Wójcik Małgorzata , Strojny Wojciech , Dłużniewska Agnieszka , Klimasz Katarzyna , Fijorek Kamil , Korostyński Michał , Piechota Marcin , Balwierz Walentyna
Published: November 2019

Gastrointestinal tract function and it's integrity are controlled by a number of peptides whose secretion is influenced by severe inflammation. In stomach the main regulatory peptide is ghrelin. For upper small intestine cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide- 1 are secreted, while fibroblast growth factor-21 is secreted by several organs, including the liver, pancreas, and adipose tissue [12]. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation causes serious mucosal damage, which can reflect on this peptides. The aim of the study was to determine fasting plasma concentrations of ghrelin, cholecystokinin, glucagone- like peptide-1, and fibroblast growth factor -21, and their gene expressions, before and 6 months after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 27 children were studied. C ontrol group included 26 healthy children. Acute graft versus host disease was diagnosed in 11 patients (41%, n=27). Median pre-transplantation concentrations of ghrelin, cholecystokinin , and glucagone like peptide-1, as well as their gene expressions, were significantly lower compared with the control group. In contrast, median fibroblast growth factor-21 concentrations were near-significantly higher before stem cell transplantation than in the control group. A comparison of pre- and post-transplantation groups revealed significantly higher concentrations of the studied peptides (except fibroblast growth factor-21) and respective gene expressions in the post–hematopoietic transplant group. M edian glucagone like peptide-1 concentrations were significantly decreased in patients with features of acute graft versus host disease. Moreover, negative correlation between glucagone like peptide-1 concentrations and acute graft versus host disease severity was found. Increased concentrations and gene expressions of gastrointestinal tract regulation peptides can be caused by stimulation of regeneration in the severe injured organ. Measurement of these parameters may be a useful method of assessment of severity of gastrointestinal tract complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of 47 cases with ruptured neuroblastoma in children
Authors: Qin Hong , Yang Shen , Cai Siyu , Ren Qinghua , Han Wei , Yang Wei , Cheng Haiyan , Ma Xiaoli , Wang Huanmin
Published: November 2019

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) tumor rupture was a rare oncology emergency with poor prognosis. We aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and risk factors for ruptured NB.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 47 confirmed ruptured NB patients in Beijing Children's Hospital between January 2009 and January 2019. To identify tumor rupture risk factors within high-risk NB, we included 93 consecutive nonruptured high-risk NB patients from January 2017 to January 2019.
Results: Median age at presentation was 29 months (adrenal and retroperitoneum origin) for 47 ruptured NB patients. Spontaneous tumor rupture occurred in 22 cases; 18 developed tumor rupture during or after the first chemotherapy cycle, and 7 developed after core needle biopsy. Five patients died of tumor rupture, and 17 patients’ parents refused further anti-tumor therapy. Among 25 remaining patients, 6 survived without disease, 5 remained under treatment with stable disease, and 14 died. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the maximum diameter of primary tumor > 13.20 cm and MYCN gene amplification were independent risk factors for tumor rupture within high-risk NB.
Conclusions: Tumor rupture is an uncommon, life-threatening presentation among NB patients; these patients are most likely to have poor outcomes due to tumor recurrence or rapid progression. Several treatment modalities, including symptomatic support therapy and chemotherapy, are important for saving lives and creating conditions for subsequent treatment.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the GhIQD gene family in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Dou Lingling , Lv Limin , Li Huaizhu , Li Yuhong , Xi Ruimin , Zhao Qin , Wang Wenbo , Pang Chaoyou , Zou Changsong , Song Guoli , Xiao Guanghui
Published: November 2019

Background: Calmodulin (CaM) is one of the most important Ca 2+ signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in plants. CaM functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins (CaMBPs) to modulate Ca 2+ signaling. IQ domain (IQD) proteins are plant-specific CaMBPs that bind to CaM by its specific CaM binding sites.
Result: In this study, we firstly identified 102 GhIQD genes in the Gossypium hirsutum L. genome. The GhIQD gene family was classified into seven clusters (Ia, Ib, Ic, II, IIIa, IIIb and IV), and we then mapped the GhIQD genes to the 26 chromosomes. Moreover, we found that 100 of the 102 GhIQD genes resulted from segmental duplication events, indicating that segmental duplication is the main force driving GhIQD gene expansion. Gene expression pattern analysis showed that a total of 89 GhIQD genes are expressed in the elongation stage and second cell wall biosynthesis stage of the fiber cells, suggesting that GhIQD genes may contribute to fiber cell development in cotton. In addition, we found that 20 randomly-selected GhIQD genes were highly expressed in different tissues. Exogenous application of MeJA significantly enhanced the expression levels of GhIQD genes.
Conclusion: Our study shows that GhIQD genes are involved in fiber cell development in cotton and are also widely induced by MeJA, which provides a basis to systematically characterize the evolution and biological functions of GhIQD genes, as well as clues to breed better cotton varieties in the future.
Mean platelet volume and mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation stroke and large artery atherosclerosis stroke
Authors: Zhu Ning , Hao Shu , Jiang Wenbing , Wang Yi , Zhang Shunkai
Published: November 2019

Objective Ischemic stroke subtypes such as patients with large artery atherosclerosis, cardioembolism and embolic stroke of undetermined source were investigated. This study was performed aimed to determine mean platelet volume (MPV) and mean platelet volume/platelet count (MPV/Plt) Ratio in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) stroke and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke.Methods We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive patients for treatment of acute ischemic stroke at Ruian People's Hospital from March 2017 to October 2018. The patients with ischemic stroke caused by AF and LAA were recruited to this study. Ischemic stroke was confirmed by MRI and MRA, ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging were measured in terms of size, composition, and pattern. MPV and platelet count were examined and (MPV/Plt) Ratio was calculated.Results 371 patients were enrolled composing of 177 (47.7%) nonvalvular AF and 194 (52.2%) with LAA. The MPV (11.3 ± 1.3 vs. 10.8 ±1.0, p﹤0.001) and MPV/Plt ratio (0.066±0.025 vs. 0.055±0.20, p﹤0.001) were much higher in AF group than LAA group. ROC analysis showed MPV (AUC: 0.624, confidence interval:0.567-0.68,p﹤0.001) and MPV/Plt (AUC: 0.657, confidence interval:0.601-0.713,p﹤0.001) predicted AF between the two groups. MPV/Plt ratio was negatively associated with lesion volume (r = -0.161, p = 0.033) in AF. The analyses of subtypes of composition of infarcts and infarct pattern showed that MPV/Plt ratio was almost higher in AF than LAA except for subcortical-only pattern. Multivariable regression analyses demonstrated NIHSS score (r = 2.74; p﹤0.001), LAD (r = -1.15; P = 0.025) and MPV/Plt ratio (r = -180.64; P = 0.021) were correlated with lesion volume.Conclusion Our results indicated elevated MPV and MPV/Plt ratio for the identification of difference between AF and LAA in patients with ischemic stroke.
Diversity of human rhinovirus species among children with severe or mild acute lower respiratory infection in Beijing, China, during 2016–2019
Authors: Chen Dongmei , Zhang Ruoxi , Qian Yuan , Sun Yu , Zhu Runan , Wang Fang , Ding Yaxin , Zhou Yutong , Guo Qi , Qu Dong , Cao Ling , Zhao Linqing
Published: November 2019

Background Human rhinovirus (HRV) infections were confirmed in severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) . Methods To evaluate the diversity and circulation pattern of HRVs species, specimens were collected from pediatric patients with ALRI during Dec 2016 to Feb 2019 and screened by RVP FAST Assay. Specimens positive for HRVs/ Enteroviruses (EVs) were then tested for HRVs and EVs by PCR. Then the capsid protein gene of HRVs was amplified and sequenced for species identification, and clinical data of HRV infections were analyzed. The chi-square (χ 2 ) test and rank sum test was used for statistical analysis using SPSS Statistics 22.0 version. In order to test and evaluate the relationship between patients positive for different HRV species and the outcome of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (ICU group) or Department of Respiratory admission (Respiratory group), a logistic model was constructed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Among 1835 specimens tested, 363 (19.8%) were positive for EVs/HRVs, and 314 (86.5%, 314/363) were positive for HRVs, including 177 (56.4%, 177/314) HRV A, 29 (9.2%, 29/314) HRV B, and 108 (34.4%, 108/314) HRV C. Using HRV C as the control species, HRV A was a dangerous factor for severe clinical outcome (OR=1.983, 95% CI=1.091-3.605) ( p =0.025). Patients positive for HRVs from ICU group were significantly younger than those from Respiratory group (0.39 years: 1.80 years, p =0.000) and age was confirmed as a protective factor for severe ALRI. In August and September, HRV A and B are the dominant species, then HRV C in October and December. Among 96 types confirmed in the study, the predominant types usually showed in no consecutive years. Conclusions HRVs were important viral pathogens for ALRI in children. HRV A and C are more popular. Compared to HRV C, HRV A were associated more powerful with severe ALRI. The risk of severe ALRI by HRVs infections is decreased with the increasing of age.
Community awareness towards cesarean section delivery and its associated factors in Enderta woreda, Tigray Ethiopia, 2017: community based mixed study design
Authors: Hadush Abeba
Published: November 2019

Objective: To assess community awareness towards cesarean section delivery and associated factors in Enderta woreda, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2017. When cesarean section is decided during labor, most of the women fear and refuse the decision. There are studies in some African countries assessing factors that affect women's awareness on cesarean section, but they are institutional based and quantitative only. In this research the study is at the community level and in addition to the quantitative part, it has qualitative design to explore the community feeling.Results: Three hundred eighteen (95.2%) of the study participants were aware of caesarean section. Monthly income (AOR 18.822: 95% CI 1.463-24.228: P=0.048), and educational status of the mother (AOR 12.443: 95% CI 1.025-22.905: P = 0.024) had significant association with awareness towards cesarean delivery. Most of the participants replied cesarean section saves the life of mother and fetus and the main reason for mothers to refuse in decision is they don’t know well about cesarean section.
Infection and RNA-seq analysis of a zebrafish tlr2 mutant shows a broad function of this Toll-like receptor in transcriptional and metabolic control and defense to Mycobacterium marinum infection
Authors: Hu Wanbin , Yang Shuxin , Shimada Yasuhito , Münch Magnus , Marín-Juez Rubén , Meijer Annemarie H. , Spaink Herman P.
Published: November 2019

Background
The function of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in host defense against pathogens, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is poorly understood. To investigate the role of TLR2 during mycobacterial infection, we analyzed the response of tlr2 zebrafish mutant larvae to infection with Mycobacterium marinum (Mm), a close relative to Mtb, as a model for tuberculosis. We measured infection phenotypes and transcriptome responses using RNA deep sequencing in mutant and control larvae.
Results
tlr2 mutant embryos at 2 dpf do not show differences in numbers of macrophages and neutrophils compared to control embryos. However, we found substantial changes in gene expression in these mutants, particularly in metabolic pathways, when compared with the heterozygote tlr2+/- control. At 4 days after Mm infection, the total bacterial burden and the presence of extracellular bacteria were higher in tlr2-/- larvae than in tlr2+/-, or tlr2+/+ larvae, whereas granuloma numbers were reduced, showing a function of Tlr2 in zebrafish host defense. RNAseq analysis of infected tlr2-/- versus tlr2+/- shows that the number of up-regulated and down-regulated genes in response to infection was greatly diminished in tlr2 mutants by at least 2 fold and 10 fold, respectively. Analysis of the transcriptome data and qPCR validation shows that Mm infection of tlr2 mutants leads to decreased mRNA levels of genes involved in inflammation and immune responses, including il1b, tnfb, cxcl11aa/ac, fosl1a, and cebpb. Furthermore, RNAseq analyses revealed that the expression of genes for Maf family transcription factors, vitamin D receptors, and Dicps proteins is altered in tlr2 mutants with or without infection. In addition, the data indicate a function of Tlr2 in the control of induction of cytokines and chemokines, such as the CXCR3-CXCL11 signaling axis.
Conclusion
The transcriptome and infection burden analyses show a function of Tlr2 as a protective factor against mycobacteria. Transcriptome analysis revealed tlr2-specific pathways involved in Mm infection, which are related to responses to Mtb infection in human macrophages. Considering its dominant function in control of transcriptional processes that govern defense responses and metabolism, the TLR2 protein can be expected to be also of importance for other infectious diseases and interactions with the microbiome.
Drought Stress–induced Physiological and Metabolic Changes in Leaves of Two Oil Tea Cultivars
Authors: Qu Xinjing , Wang Hui , Chen Ming , Liao Jiao , Yuan Jun , Niu Genhua
Published: November 2019

Oil tea (Camellia oleifera) is an important edible oil tree. However, its growth and yield are strongly limited by drought. This study investigated the physiological and metabolic responses of two common oil tea cultivars, Huajin and Changlin53, to moderate and severe drought stress. Based on the photosynthetic and physiological indices, ‘Changlin53’ may be more tolerant to drought than ‘Huajin’. A total of 41 key metabolites induced by drought stress, including 12 amino acids, 12 organic acids, 10 carbohydrates, 3 fatty acids, and 4 phenols, have been identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Under moderate drought stress, the contents of carbohydrates, amino acids, and some organic acids in ‘Changlin53’ were significantly increased; however, under severe drought stress, the contents of soluble sugars were decreased and the synthesis ability of amino acids and organic acids were enhanced. The glutamic acid–mediated proline biosynthesis pathway and salicylic acid synthesis were continuously upregulated in ‘Changlin53’ under moderate and severe drought stress, which could regulate osmotic pressure and maintain intracellular environmental stability. Under moderate drought stress, the contents of monosaccharides, amino acids, and organic acids increased in ‘Huajin’ leaves. Furthermore, the shikimic acid–mediated secondary metabolite synthesis pathway was weakened. More secondary metabolites were used to increase glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle to accelerate energy production and to enhance the glutamic acid–mediated proline biosynthesis pathway, which are necessary to increase osmotic regulation. Under severe drought stress, the contents of carbohydrates, organic acids, and some amino acids were significantly decreased in ‘Huajin’ leaves, indicating serious damage. These results deepened our understanding of the mechanisms involved in oil tea drought tolerance, which will help improve water management of oil tea seedlings.
Strong Fluorescence Expression of ZsGreen1 in Petunia Flowers by Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated Transformation
Authors: Cho Keun H. , Kim Joo Young , Alvarez Maria I. , Laux Veronica Y. , Valad Lauren K. , Tester Joshua M. , Colquhoun Thomas A. , Clark David G.
Published: November 2019

Fluorescent proteins (FT) have become essential, biological research tools. Many novel genes have been cloned from a variety of species and modified for effective, stable, and strong expression in transgenic organisms. Although there are many applications, FT expression has been employed most commonly at the cellular level in plants. To investigate FT expression at the whole-plant level, particularly in flowers, petunia ‘Mitchell Diploid’ [MD (Petunia ×hybrida)] was genetically transformed with seven genes encoding FTs: DsRed2, E2Crimson, TurboRFP, ZsGreen1, ZsYellow1, rpulFKz1, or aeCP597. Each gene was cloned into a pHK-DEST-OE vector harboring constitutive figwort mosaic virus 35S promoter and NOS-terminator. These plasmids were individually introduced into the genome of MD by Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated transformation. Shoot regeneration efficiency from the cocultured explants ranged from 8.3% to 20.3%. Various intensities of red, green, and yellow fluorescence were detected from TurboRFP, ZsGreen1, and ZsYellow1-transgenic flowers, respectively, under ultraviolet light for specific excitation and emission filters. More than 70% of plants established from the regenerated shoots were confirmed as transgenic plants. Transgenic ZsGreen1 petunia generated strong, green fluorescence in all flower organs of T0 plants including petals, stigmas, styles, anthers, and filaments. Most of the chromophores were localized to the cytoplasm but also went into the nuclei of petal cells. There was a positive linear relationship (R2 = 0.88) between the transgene expression levels and the relative fluorescent intensities of the ZsGreen1-transgenic flowers. No fluorescence was detected from the flowers of DsRed2-, E2Crimson-, rpulFKz1-, or aeCP597-transgenic petunias even though their gene transcripts were confirmed through semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. T1 generation ZsGreen1 plants showed green fluorescence emission from the cotyledons, hypocotyls, and radicles, which indicated stable FT expression was heritable. Four homozygous T2 inbred lines were finally selected. Throughout this study, we demonstrated that ZsGreen1 was most suitable for generating visible fluorescence in MD flowers among the seven genes tested. Thus, ZsGreen1 may have excellent potential for better utility as a sensitive selectable marker.
EWING SARCOMA: FEATURES OF LYMPHOGENOUS METASTASIS AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS
Authors: Vasilyev N. V. , Poletaeva S. V. , Tabakaev S. A. , Tyukalov Yu. I. , Perelmuter V. M.
Published: November 2019

Background. Lymphogenous metastasis in Ewing sarcoma is a relatively rare and poorly studied event associated with aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. Until now, no risk factors for lymphogenous metastasis in patients with Ewing sarcoma are reported.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate tumor characteristics as predictors for lymphogenous metastasis and to create a mathematical model for assessing the risk of developing lymph node metastases in patients with Ewing sarcoma.

Material and Methods. Clinical characteristics of the tumor were studied in 88 patients with Ewing sarcoma: in 8 patients with lymphogenous metastasis and in 80 patients having no lymphogenous metastasis. The primary tumor in all patients with lymphogenous metastasis was found to have an extraskeletal origin. Morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor were studied in 31 patients with Ewing sarcoma: in 8 patients with lymphogenous metastasis and in 23 patients without lymphogenous metastasis.

Results. Statistical analysis and comparative evaluation of the characteristics of the immunophenotype and histological pattern of the tumor in the two studied groups showed significant differences regarding several of them: the structure of nuclear crowding (fusion of nuclei), focal hemorrhages, nuclear normochromasia, and positive expression of cytokeratins by tumor cells. The above signs (except for nuclear normochromasia) were the basis for creating a mathematical model capable of predicting the risk of lymphogenous metastases in Ewing sarcoma.

Conclusion. The revealed association with lymphogenous metastasis of cytokeratin expression can be considered as indirect confirmation of the pathogenetic significance of the mesenchymal-epithelial transition in the mechanism of lymphogenous metastasis.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF LOMUSTIN ON HER2-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER IN FVB/N HER-2 TRANSGENIC MICE
Authors: Stukov A. N. , Vershinina S. F. , Koziavin N. A. , Semiglazova T. Yu. , Filatova L. V. , Latipova D. Kh. , Ivantsov A. O. , Bespalov V. G. , Semenov A. L. , Belyaeva O. A. , Kireeva G. S. , Alexandrov V. A. , Tochilnikov G. V. , Vasilyeva I. N. , Maydin M. A. , Tyndyk M. L. , Kruglov S. S. , Yanus G. A. , Yurova V. N.
Published: November 2019

Because of the high risk of brain metastases from HER2-positive breast cancer, the study of the anticancer activity of drugs used to treat brain tumors, in particular lomustine, is of great importance. In the FVB/N Her-2 transgenic mice bearing HER2-positive breast cancer (BC HER2+), a single oral administration of lomustine at a dose of 50 mg/kg resulted in a significant tumor growth inhibition (up to 96 %, p<0.0001). The tumor growth index (TGI) expressed as a ratio between the areas under the kinetic curves of tumor growth in the study and control groups and amounted to 33 % (p<0.001) indicated the high activity of lomustine. However, the effect of lomustine on intramuscularly transplanted Ehrlich tumor was insignificant (tumor growth inhibition and tumor growth index were <39 % and 68 %, respectively). Lomustine administered orally at a single dose of 50 mg/kg 24 hours after intracranial transplantation of BC HER2+ increased the median survival time up to 30 days in FVB/N mice compared to 21 days in the control group mice (p<0.001). The high therapeutic effect of lomustine in HER2-positive breast cancer mice is likely can be explained by the biological characteristics of this tumor; therefore clinical trials of lomustine for HER2-positive tumors are needed.
ENCEPHALOPATHY AND HYPERLACTATEMIA AS A COMPLICATION OF 5-FLUOROURACIL TREATMENT
Authors: Kurmukov I. A. , Yunayev G. S. , Prosvirnov A. A. , Borovkova N. B. , Kashiya Sh. R.
Published: November 2019

Background. There is a wide spectrum of metabolic and toxic disorders that can cause acute encephalopathy in cancer patients. In routine clinical practice, hypoglycemia, vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficit, fulminant liver failure, uremia, severe hypoand hypernatremia should be primarily excluded. Central neurotoxicity associated with hyperammonemia in patients receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oral fluoropyrimidines should be considered in differential diagnosis. In this case, the analysis of the blood acid-base status and the detection of B-type hyperlactatemia can facilitate the diagnosis of the cause of encephalopathy.

Case description. We present two cases of hyperlactatemia and encephalopathy in stage IV cancer patients with continuous infusion of 5-FU via a portable infusion pump.

Conclusion. Diagnosis of the frequent fluoropyrimidin-related adverse effects, such as myelosuppression, anorexia, diarrhea, mucositis, and palm-plantar syndrome, are routine and mastered by an oncologist at the very beginning of his/her professional activity. Specific fluoropyrimidinerelated encephalopathy or hyperlactatemia are difficult to suspect and recognize. We hope our description will be useful to prevent possible diagnostic errors.
TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOURS DEPENDING ON THE DIFFERENTIATION GRADE
Authors: Isyangulova A. Z. , Khasanov R. Sh. , Enikeev R. F. , Gordiev M. G.
Published: November 2019

The incidence of neuroendocrine tumors has significantly increased over the last years.

The purpose of the study was to analyze treatment outcomes in patients with pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) with regard to histopathologic diagnosis.

Material and Methods. The clinical records of 1077 patients with pancreatic tumors were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty patients were diagnosed with PET. Treatment outcomes were assessed with regard to tumor differentiation grade, tumor stage, extent of surgery and drug therapy.

Results. The most common histological grade was G1. Patients with G1 tumors had the best 1-and 3-year survival rates regardless of tumor stage. Factors influencing prognosis in patients with PETs were: radical surgery, Ki67 expression level, histological grade (G1–3), tumor stage at diagnosis.
RETROPERITONEAL NON-ORGAN LIPOSARCOMAS: THE MODERN CONCEPT
Authors: Volkov A. Yu. , Nered S. N. , Lyubchenko L. N.
Published: November 2019

Objective:to conduct a systematic literature review of the published studies on retroperitoneal non-organ liposarcomas.

Material and Methods.A literature search was performed using Pubmed, Elibrary, COSMIC databases. The data of retrospective and prospective clinical trials were analyzed. Results. The article reviews contemporary data on epidemiology, classification, clinicalmorphological and molecular-genetic characteristics, as well as diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal non-organ liposarcomas. Conclusion. Retroperitoneal sarcomas account for about 13 % of all types of soft tissue sarcomas. Liposarcoma is the most common retroperitoneal mesenchymal tumor. Diagnosis and treatment of non-organ retroperitoneal liposarcoma remain challenging due to poor long-term treatment outcomes. As experience is gained with the diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal nonorganic liposarcomas, changes occur in the system of understanding the problem that determines the strategy for providing medical care in this category of patients. The article presents modern concept of retroperitoneal non-organ liposarcomas.
In Search of Architectural Form – Identification of Place. Design of a City Bench in Students’s Projects (Works)
Authors: RACZYŃSKA-MĄKOWSKA Ewa , FAJTANOWSKI Romuald
Published: November 2019

Identification of a PLACE through conscious application of given forms correlated with spatial conditions is a demanding task for a designer who needs to take into consideration the context and history of the space they are supposed to function within. The authors of this study have presented four application examples for a city bench as a form interacting with a selected space in Bydgoszcz (350-thousand inhabitants, a town in the north-west Poland, situated at the confluence of two rivers The Vistula, Brda and Bydgoszcz Canal). The research results allow to identify the main models to be used for defining a PLACE through selection of the form.
Health-Affirming Everyday Landscapes in Sustainable City. Eco-Neighborhoods in France Case
Authors: TROJANOWSKA Monika , SAS-BOJARSKA Aleksandra
Published: November 2019

This paper discusses the close relationship between the concept of health-affirming everyday landscapes and the idea of sustainable city design. The French National program of eco-neighborhood certification ÉcoQuartier is described and the correlation between the concepts of health-affirming landscapes, sustainable cities, and eco-neighborhoods is explained using the example of a selected eco-neighborhood in France.
Properties of Coarse Mineral Aggregates Against Properties of Concrete
Authors: PIASTA Wojciech , BUDZYŃSKI Waldemar , GÓRA Jacek
Published: November 2019

The paper concerns the effect of coarse aggregate type on the strength and strain properties of concrete under instantaneous loading. The studies deal with properties of the crushed aggregates and their effect on the basic mechanical properties and instant deformability of concretes in comparison to gravel concrete. The paper presents test results of mineral composition, crushing strength, absorption by weight, content of irregular grains and mineral dust as well as bulk and specific density of the 5 coarse aggregates: basalt, granite, dolomite, quartzite and natural aggregate (gravel) derived from the Polish rock beds. Strength and strain properties of concretes under compressive instantaneous loading were analyzed. The analysis showed that strength properties and modules of elasticity of tested concretes are proportional to crushing strength of aggregates. Based on the test results of strains it was concluded that the effect of coarse aggregate type on the modulus of elasticity and the limit strain is more significant than that of concrete strength.
Thermal Improvement in Residential Buildings in View of the Indoor Air Quality – Case Study for Polish Dwelling
Authors: BLASZCZOK Monika , BARANOWSKI Andrzej
Published: November 2019

The widespread thermal improvement in residential buildings involves not only the insulation of outdoor walls but also window replacement. In Poland it is the residents of individual premises who manage the replacement and in order to keep their heating bills low, they seek airtight solutions to minimize the cooling of premises due to air infiltration. In this situation the indoor air quality is not considered at all and no exchange of used air and fresh air occurs. Unawareness on the part of residents and the increased costs of replacing the windows which need additional devices to ensure the inflow of air are the main reason for the deteriorating microclimate conditions in residential dwellings.

The present paper demonstrates the measurement of indoor air quality, the building leakage test and the measurement of air flow in exhaust opening a four-bedroom dwelling located in Gliwice, Poland. In order to evaluate the air exchange within a longer period and in different outdoor climate conditions, the measurements were supplemented with numerical simulation of ventilating airflows. Modifications to improve the indoor air quality in the examined flat were also suggested.
The Reuse of Washings from Pool Filtration Plants After the use of Simple Purification Processes
Authors: WYCZARSKA-KOKOT Joanna , LEMPART Anna
Published: November 2019

The main purpose of the research is to show the possibility of using washings after applying simple processes and devices. It is being considered whether they may be drained to watercourses, to the ground, used for watering plants, sprinkling tennis courts and playing fields, flushing toilets or recycled into pool systems. The research concept consisted of comparing the results of physico-chemical analysis of washings samples with the limit values for pollutants in wastewater discharged to water and ground. The research was carried out for 20 pool water treatment plants. It has been shown that the concentration of TSS (total suspended solids) and free chlorine in washings are the main parameters preventing their drainage to the natural environment. The processes of sedimentation or sedimentation assisted by coagulation allow to reduce the TSS concentration below the limit value and leaving the washings to stand for up to several hours or subjecting them to a few minutes of aeration decreases the concentration of free chlorine to an acceptable level. The obtained research results allow to assume that the management of washings in all tested swimming pools would be possible after applying a settler or a settling tank with a coagulant chamber and then a chamber for aeration.
Cloacal dysgenesis sequence in the first trimester of gestation
Authors: I.V. Novikova
Published: November 2019

The autopsy data in 17 first trimester fetuses with cloacal dysgenesis sequence are presented. The prenatal
ultrasound showed dilated bladder. Cytogenetic analysis of 16 cases carried out by chorion villus sampling or
obtained from post-abortion tissues demonstrated normal karyotype. The complete autopsy revealed cystic
dilated cloaca, smooth perineum, absence of anal opening and a phallus-like structure. There were 12 cases
with isolated cloacal dysgenesis sequence and 5 cases with multiple malformations. In the latter group cloacal
dysgenesis were associated with VACTERL association and non-classified multiple malformation complex.
Significance of foot length determination to enhance accuracy of fetal
clubfoot diagnosis
Authors: V.N. Demidov, A.A. Meytarjian
Published: November 2019

Case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of EEC syndrome at 14 weeks of gestation is presented. A rare feature
of the case was the ectrodactyly of all limbs. 29 women with fetal clubfoot have been examined. The principal
sonographic sign of this pathology has been established to be the foot length shortening that varied between 1 week
and 1 day in 13 weeks and 6 days of gestation and 4 weeks and 5 days in 37 weeks and 1 day of gestation. Some
sort or other pathology was found in those fetuses in 86.2 % of follow-up cases, while combined with clubfoot
in 48.3 %. In total, 30 various congenital abnormalities with the total number of 78 (which made 2.7 congenital
abnormalities per one fetus) have been diagnosed in this group of fetuses
The application of ultrasound for the diagnosis of isthmic ectopic
pregnancy
Authors: V.N. Demidov, N.V. Mashinets
Published: November 2019

Two rare observations of disturbed ectopic pregnancy in isthmic part of the fallopian tube for a 5 weeks of
gestation are presented. Clinical and echographic signs of this pathology are considered.
The experience of the legal regulation of the pre-implantation genetic
diagnosis in the Federal Republic of Germany
Authors: N.A. Altinnik , V.V. Komarova , M.A. Borodina et all
Published: November 2019

The article carried out a comprehensive assessment of the legal regulation of the procedure of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in the Federal Republic of Germany, taking into account the content of
regulatory sources, law enforcement practice and doctrine. The author comes to the conclusion that legislative
restrictions aimed at protecting the embryo serve as a factor hindering the use of modern PGD techniques.
However the legalization of PGD eliminated legal uncertainty in procedural diagnostic issues, since the legislator
has established mandatory requirements for informing and advising on the medical, psychological and social
consequences of diagnosis, the conditions for accrediting medical centers eligible for PGD, the rules and
procedures for obtaining consent in the Interdisciplinary Ethics Committee. These norms are harmoniously
complemented by ethical requirements developed by the professional community. It is substantiated that such a
comprehensive mechanism for the regulatory regulation of PGD as a basic model can be successfully perceived
in domestic practice.
General principles of regulation of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis:
the definition of Russian prospects taking into account foreign experience
Authors: N.A. Altinnik , V.V. Komarova , M.A. Borodina et all
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of determining the basic principles of the legal regulation of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in the Russian Federation, taking into account existing international
experience. It is substantiated that the development of national legislation in this area should include the legal
definition of PGD as one of the stages of using assisted reproductive technologies, as well as the establishment of
generally binding requirements for the procedure, conditions and features of the diagnosis, taking into account
the need to minimize the damage caused to the embryo. A comprehensive model for the development of domestic
legislation and law enforcement is proposed, the content of which includes state guarantees and restrictions
harmoniously complemented by ethical requirements developed by the professional community of specialists in
genetics, extending the content of the process of genetic counseling for PGD, interpretation of research results
and ensuring compliance with the principle of reproductive freedom in deciding on the results of diagnosis.
Prediction of sediment concentration based on the MEEMD-ARIMA model in the lower Yellow River
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Liu Fei , Song Chao , Wu Xiaoyan
Published: November 2019

There are many factors influencing the evolution of sediment concentration, and it is difficult to determine and extract, which brings great difficulties to the high-precision prediction of sediment concentration. Accurate prediction of annual sediment concentration in the lower Yellow River can provide a theoretical basis for flood control and disaster reduction and rational utilization of water and soil resources in the lower Yellow River. For the defects of pseudo-components in data decomposition of Complementary EEMD, the Modified EEMD (MEEMD) method proposed in this paper has the advantage of eliminating pseudo components of IMF and reducing non-stationarity of sediment bearing sequences. Then, combined with the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model with strong approximation ability to the stationary sequence, the MEEMD-ARIMA model for predicting the annual sediment concentration in the lower Yellow River was constructed. Through fitting and predicting the annual sediment concentration in Gaocun Station, it is shown that the model not only considers the evolution of sediment concentration in various frequency domains, but also solves the problem that the ARIMA model requires sequence to be stable, the relative error of prediction is within ±6%, and the prediction accuracy is high, thus providing a new method for the prediction of sediment concentration.
High Expression of miR-206 Predicts Adverse Outcomes: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Du Guobo , Zhou Jing , Cheng Long , Ma Xiaojie , Gui Yan , Tan Bangxian
Published: November 2019

Background:

MicroRNA-206 (miR-206) inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and
migration in a variety of tumors, but the prognostic value of its Esophageal Cancer (EC) remains
unclear.

Objective:

To study the role of miR-206 in EC.

Methods:

The datasets of RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq, methylation, copy number variation (CNV), and
clinical follow-up information were download from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). After
integration and standardization, the prognostic value and potential function of miR-206 were
analyzed. The important roles of miR-206 expression in EC genetic and epigenetic mechanisms
were analyzed by RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq, and methylation data. The potential mechanism of CNV
in different miR-206 expression groups was analyzed using GISTIC.

Results:

High expression of miR-206 was associated with poor outcome of EC (OS: p=0.005,
AUC=0.69, N=178). Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, Wnt signaling
pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway, mammalian target of
rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway were inhibited in high expression group. the aberrant
methylation sites in the high and low expression groups were mainly distributed in the promoter
region containing CpG islands, and there were different copy number patterns in the H and L
samples, and the genes in the differential copy number were mainly enriched in cancer-related
pathways, such as thyroid cancer, central carbon metabolism.

Conclusion:

This study explored the unique genomic and epigenetic landscape associated with the
expression of miR-206, provided evidence of mir-206 as a prognostic biomarker or a potential
therapeutic target for EC patients.