bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les réformes des retraites conduites en France depuis 2010 : quels effets sur les inégalités inter et intra générationnelles ?
Authors: Duc Cindy , Martin Henri , Treguier Julie
Published: May 2022

Les réformes entreprises en France depuis 2010 ont modifié de nombreux paramètres du système de retraite. Les bornes d’âge du système (âge d’ouverture des droits et âge d’annulation de la décote), la durée requise pour le taux plein, les modalités de calcul des pensions (valeur de service du point dans les régimes complémentaires, date de revalorisation des pensions, calcul du minimum contributif) mais aussi les taux de cotisation ont évolué. Dans le même temps, le profil des assurés évolue au fil des générations. Entre autres, l’entrée sur le marché du travail est de plus en tardive et le taux d’activité des femmes s’accroît. Dans ce contexte, cette contribution s’interroge sur l’impact des modifications réglementaires récentes sur l’équité inter et intra générationnelle du système de retraite. Elle s’appuie sur le modèle de microsimulation TRAJECTOiRE de la DREES (Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques). Les résultats sont partagés : au prisme de certains indicateurs (durée de retraite) l’équité entre les générations semble assurée alors qu’elle se dégrade à l’aune d’autres indicateurs (taux de cotisation et taux de remplacement).
L’accès féminin à l’emploi en territoire ouvrier : une inadéquation géographique ?
Authors: Baguelin Olivier
Published: May 2022

Women’s Access to Employment in Blue Collar Territories : a Spatial Mismatch ?

Blue collar territories are rather unconducive to women’s employment ; it all depends on the presence of local industries that are intensive in female labour. For given population density and local share of blue collar women, these territories have much lower female employment rates. This link is analysed in detail : in particular, the hypothesis of a spatial mismatch unfavourable to female employment is examined. The analysis, successively in cross-section and panel, is conducted on census data for the years 2006-2012. In cross-section, once adjusted for confounders and spatial interdependencies, the relation of interest (between the share of blue collar and women’s employment) is reduced but remains very significant. The results of the panel analysis suggest that two-thirds of this is a long-term link compatible with a spatial mismatch scenario.
Déploiement du très haut débit et création d’entreprises dans les zones rurales : une évaluation du programme Auvergne Très Haut Débit
Authors: Duvivier Chloé , Truchet Stéphanie , Mauhé Nicolas , Mbarek Marouene
Published: May 2022

Depuis près de 15 ans, les pouvoirs publics déploient internet dans les territoires ruraux qui, faute de rentabilité, sont délaissés par les opérateurs privés. Ces investissements publics sont motivés par une volonté d’assurer l’équité territoriale mais aussi de stimuler l’attractivité économique de ces territoires. Afin d’analyser l’efficacité de ces politiques sur ce deuxième objectif, ce travail évalue l’impact des premières années du programme « Auvergne Très Haut Débit » sur la création d’entreprises dans les territoires peu denses. Nos estimations (en double différence avec appariement préalable) indiquent que le déploiement du très haut débit a stimulé la création d’entreprises dans trois groupes de secteurs : la restauration et l’hébergement ; l’administration publique, l’enseignement, la santé humaine et l’action sociale ; et les autres activités de services. Des effets négatifs ont en revanche été identifiés dans le secteur de l’immobilier. Ces effets sont à l’oeuvre dans les communes bien dotées en aménités naturelles ou ayant bénéficié d’un déploiement significatif du très haut débit.
Durée d’assurance et équivalent patrimonial des droits à la retraite : l’impact de la réforme de 1993
Authors: Daniel Christophe , Mottet Stéphane , Nze-Obame Jesus Herell , Séjourné Bruno , Tagne Christian
Published: May 2022

À l’aide des données de l’Échantillon Interrégimes des Retraités de 2008, nous quantifions les effets de la réforme des retraites de 1993 sur l’équivalent patrimonial des droits à retraite (EPDR) des retraités de la Caisse nationale d’assurance vieillesse des travailleurs salariés (CNAVTS). Cet indicateur permet d’estimer les effets sur les droits à la retraite du report de l’âge de liquidation et de la décote induits par l’allongement de la durée d’assurance requise pour une retraite à taux plein. Nous montrons que la décote a un effet négatif sur l’EPDR de l’ensemble des retraités considérés, aussi bien chez les hommes que chez les femmes nées entre 1934 et 1943. La diminution de l’EPDR liée à la décote est plus importante pour les hommes que pour les femmes. Le report de l’âge de liquidation a en revanche un effet positif pour les hommes et négatif pour les femmes. L’augmentation d’EPDR entrainée par le report est annulée par la décote pour les hommes ; tandis que la baisse de l’EPDR liée à la décote est amortie par le report pour les femmes. Par ailleurs, les conséquences de la réforme ne sont pas homogènes le long de la distribution de l’EPDR, avec un effet décote plus marqué pour les EPDR les plus modestes, sans que le report ne permette une compensation totale.
AUTONOMOUS CONTROL OF A THERMAL OBJECT AS PART OF A "SMART HOME"
Authors: Polyakov Sergey
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the problem of multi-connected control of
the parameters of the heating system of a residential building. The calculated block
diagrams are given. The principle of autonomous regulation is applied. In accordance
with the principle of autonomy, a corrective link is introduced into the ASR
structure, which allows eliminating the influence of one control circuit on another.
The Investigation the thermal characteristics of polyphenylene sulfides
Authors: KALUGINA E. V. , BITT V. V. , SAMORYADOV A. V. , PARSHIKOV YU. G.
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the chemical structure, low molecular weight impurities and heat stability according to TGA/DTA of domestic polyphenylene sulfides (PPS) with different molecular weight and their imported analogues. It is shown that domestic samples are almost identical to imported analogues and can be used as a binder for highly filled reinforced polymer composite materials for structural purposes.
Kinetics of growth and level of residual stresses during curing of epoxy oligomers with active thinners
Authors: TROFIMOV D. A. , BRESSKAYA A. D. , SHALGUNOV S. I. , SIMONOV-EMELYANOV I. D.
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the results of a study of the kinetics and level of residual stresses during the curing of systems based on ED-20 epoxy oligomer with amine curing agent (TETA) and active diluents (AD) having different nature, structure and characteristics (laproxides and laprolate).

The effect of the structure, AD content, and curing temperature on the kinetics and level of residual stresses in the ED-20 + TETA + AD systems is shown.

It has been established that the most effective AD for reducing residual stresses in the ED-20 + TETA systems are laproxides of grades E-181, 703 and laprolat 301 at a content of 0.15-0.20 vol.

Optimal compositions of binders based on epoxy oligomers with active diluents with low level of residual stresses (no more than ~2 MPa), shrinkage of ~3%, initial viscosity of ~0.2 Pa·s at curing temperature of up to 60°C are proposed, which guarantees high-quality impregnation of fibrous fillers and high level having physical and mechanical characteristics of reinforced plastics.
ТРАДИЦИОННЫЙ ЭТИКЕТ КИТАЙЦЕВ В КОНТЕКСТЕ СОВРЕМЕННОСТИ
Authors: Нурдинова А.
Published: May 2022

Статья посвящена фундаментальным аспектам китайской этики и этикета, рассматриваются отличия восточной, в частности китайской, этики от западной. Описывается влияние этических норм китайского общества на духовную и материальную жизнь индивида. Также в статье рассматриваются
традиционные правила этикета китайского народа, влияние учения и наследия Конфуция на образ жизни китайца. Проведен сравнительный анализ традиционного кыргызского и китайского этикета, обозначены общие и особенные признаки. Отмечено также, что несмотря на процессы глобализации китайский этнос смог сохранить самобытную культуру. В статье делается вывод о том, что идеи коллективизма, патриотизма, уважения к знаниям, образованию, почтительности и нравственного совершенства, характерные для традиционной культуры Китая, представляет собой ценностную парадигму и для современного человека.
Макала кытай этикасынын жана этикетинин негизги аспектилерине арналган, , айрыкча чыгыш кытай,
этикасынын батыштан айырмачылыктары каралат. Макалада кытай коомунун этикалык нормаларынын
инсандын руханий жана материалдык жашоосуна тийгизген таасири баяндалган. Ошондой эле, макалада кытай элинин салттуу этикет эрежелери, Конфуцийдин окуулары менен мурастарынын кытайлардын жашоо образына тийгизген таасири каралат. Салттуу кыргыз жана кытай этикетине салыштырмалуу талдоо жүргүзүлүп, жалпы жана өзгөчө белгилери көрсөтүлгөн. Аламдашуу процесстерине карабастан, кытай этносу өзүнүн баштапкы маданиятын сактап кала алгандыгы белгиленди. Макалада Кытайдын салттуу маданиятына мүнөздүү болгон коллективизм, патриоттуулук, билимге болгон сый-урмат, адептүүлүк жана адеп-ахлактык чеберчилик идеялары заманбап адам үчүн дагы баалуулук парадигмасын чагылдырат.
The article deals with fundamental aspects of Chinese ethics and etiquette, examining the differences between Eastern, particularly Chinese, ethics and Western ethics. It describes the influence of the ethical norms of Chinese society on the spiritual and material life of the individual. The article also examines the traditional rules of etiquette of the Chinese people and the influence of Confucius’ teachings and legacy on the Chinese way of life. A comparative analysis of traditional Kyrgyz and Chinese etiquette is carried out, common and special features are identified. It is also noted that despite the processes of globalization, the Chinese ethnos was able to preserve its original culture. The article concludes that the ideas of collectivism, patriotism, respect for knowledge, education, reverence and moral perfection, characteristic of the traditional culture of China, represent a value paradigm for modern man.
КОРОНАВИРУС COVID-19 ШАРТТАРЫНДА АГРОӨНӨР ЖАЙ КОМПЛЕКСТИ КОЛДООНУН ЭЛ АРАЛЫК ТАЖРЫЙБАСЫ
Authors: Абдыкадыр кызы Г.
Published: May 2022

Бул макалада чет мамлекеттердеги агроөнөр жай комплексинин ишмердүүлүгү талданат. Жаңы коронавирустук COVID-19 инфекциясынын таасиринин кесепеттери, ошондой эле Бразилия, Сауд Арабиясы жана ЕС өлкөлөрүндөгү агроөнөр жай комплексинин өзгөчөлүктөрү көрсөтүлдү. Бул макалада бардык мамлекеттер тарабынан киргизилген чектөөлөр күтүлбөгөн жана эсепке алынбагандыктан, бардык уюмдар өзүнүн финансылык планында жана стратегиялык өнүгүү планында мындай ири каржылык жана материалдык чыгымдары боюнча маалыматтар берилген. Жумушчу күчүнүн жетишсиздиги дүйнөлүк айыл чарба өндүрүшүндө кеңири тараган көйгөйгө карата белгиленген. АКШда, Германияда жана Италияда дыйкандар жана малчылар коронавирусун жуктуруп алуудан коркунуч жараткан маселелер жана койгойлор тууралуу маалыматтар каралды. Бул макалада социалдык чөйрөгө COVID-19 илдети өзүнүн терс таасирин тийгизип, экономикага терс таасирин тийгизген маалыматтар каралды.
В статье анализируется деятельность агропромышленного комплекса за рубежом. Были представлены последствия заражения новым коронавирусом COVID-19, а также характеристики агропромышленного комплекса Бразилии, Саудовской Аравии и ЕС. В данной статье приводится информация о таких больших финансовых и материальных затратах в финансовых планах и стратегических планах развития всех организаций, поскольку ограничения, налагаемые всеми государствами, являются неожиданными и не учитываются. Нехватка рабочей силы - обычная проблема мирового сельскохозяйственного производства. В США, Германии и Италии обсуждались вопросы и опасения по поводу риска заражения коронавирусом среди фермеров и пастухов. В этой статье обсуждаются данные о том, что COVID-19 оказал негативное влияние на социальную среду и экономику.
This article analyzes the activities of the agro-industrial complex abroad. The effects of the new coronavirus COVID-19 infection, as well as the characteristics of the agro-industrial complex in Brazil, Saudi Arabia and the EU were presented. This article provides information on such large financial and material costs in the financial plans and strategic development plans of all organizations, as the restrictions imposed by all states are unexpected and do not take into account. Manpower shortages are a common problem in global agricultural production. In the United States, Germany, and Italy, issues and concerns about the risk of coronavirus infection among farmers and herders were discussed. This article discusses the data that COVID-19 has had a negative impact on the social environment and the economy.
ТЫШКЫ СООДАДАГЫ КЫРГЫЗ РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫНЫН ЭКСПОРТТУК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЫНЫН АНАЛИЗИ ЖАНА ДИНАМИКАСЫ
Authors: Сманова А.
Published: May 2022

Дүйнөлүк экономикада глобалдашуу процесстеринин күч алышы жана бизнести трансулутташтыруу
масштабдарынын кеңейиши шартында, экспорттук потенциалдын динамикасына, ошондой эле тышкы экономикалык байланыштардын моделдерин оптималдаштырууга болгон муктаждык өзгөчө мааниге ээ. улуттук экономикалардын натыйжалуу иштеши. Импорттун экспорттон ашып кетишин, бир жагынан, иштеп жаткан ишканалар үчүн курулуш материалдарын, технологиялык жабдууларды жана машиналарды, компоненттерди, чийки заттарды, жол жана тоо-кен жабдууларын ж.б. Кыргыз Республикасына импорттоо менен түшүндүрүүгө болот. . Ошол эле учурда, Кытайдан кийим-кече буюмдары, кийим-кече буюмдары жана бут кийим сыяктуу эл керектөөчү товарлардын түрлөрүн ташып келүү улантылууда. Азыркы учурда, Кыргызстандын экономикасында Кытай менен гана эмес, башка өлкөлөр менен да, КМШдан тышкары жана Көзкарандысыз Мамлекеттер Шериктештигинин чегинде да терс сальдонун өсүү тенденциясы сакталып калууда.
В условиях усиления глобализационных процессов в мировой экономике и расширения масштабов транснационализации бизнеса особое значение для обеспечения эффективного функционирования национальных экономик приобретает необходимость динамики экспортного потенциала, а также оптимизация моделей внешнеэкономических отношений. Существование превышения импортных поставок над экспортом можно объяснить, отчасти, ввозом в Кыргызскую Республику большого количества строительного, технологического оборудования и машин для действующих предприятий, комплектующих материалов, сырья, дорожной и горнодобывающей техники и т.д. При этом продолжается ввоз из Китая таких видов ТНП, как предметы одежды, обувь и другие принадлежности. В настоящее время в экономике Кыргызстана продолжает удерживаться тенденция увеличения отрицательного сальдо в торговле не только с Китаем, но и с другими странами, как вне СНГ, так и в пределах Содружества Независимых Государств.
In the context of the strengthening of globalization processes in the world economy and the expansion of the scale of transnationalization of business, the need for the dynamics of export potential, as well as optimization of models of foreign economic relations, is of particular importance for ensuring the effective functioning of national economies. The existence of an excess of imports over exports can be explained, in part, by the import into the Kyrgyz Republic of a large amount of construction, technological equipment and machinery for existing enterprises, component materials, raw materials, road and mining equipment, etc. At the same time, the import of such types of consumer goods as articles of clothing, clothing accessories and shoes from China continues. At present, the trend of an increase in the negative balance in trade not only with China, but also with other countries, both outside the CIS and within the Commonwealth of Independent States, continues in the economy of Kyrgyzstan.
Samsun-Atakum Kıyılarının Rip Akıntı Tehlikesinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Derya , MARAŞ Erdem Emin
Published: May 2022

Rip akıntıları her yıl dünya çapında binlerce ölüme neden olan küresel bir kıyı tehlikesidir. Türkiye’de de özellikle Karadeniz kıyılarında yaz aylarında rip akıntıları nedeniyle çok sayıda suda boğulma vakası gerçekleşmektedir. Samsun’un Atakum ilçesi; coğrafi konumu, sahili ve tesisleri ile Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinin yaz aylarında en fazla turist çeken bölgesi olmakla birlikte Türkiye’de rip akıntılarının en çok yaşandığı sahillerin başında gelmektedir. Uzaktan algılama, rip akıntı tehlikesi ile ilgili araştırmalar yönünden çok önemli bir potansiyele sahip olmasına rağmen literatürde çok az çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışma ile Atakum’da 2007-2021 yılları arasında Google Earth Pro üzerinden erişilen 22 adet yüksek çözünürlüklü uydu görüntüsünden rip akıntıları belirlenerek alanın rip akıntı tehlikesi incelenmiştir. 22 görüntünün 9’unda rip akıntıları tespit edilmiş olup, 10 lokasyonda 3 ve daha fazla tarihte rip akıntısı gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda Samsun-Atakum’un rip akıntı tehlikesi yönünden kritik özellikte olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma ayrıca yüksek çözünürlüklü uydu görüntülerinin rip akıntı tehlikesinin belirlenmesinde yüksek bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Hubungan Work Family Conflict Dengan Kinerja Perawat Dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Surapak Nurhaini Bulinda , Kholifah Siti , Suwanto Suwanto , Rusdi Rusdi
Published: May 2022

Latar Belakang : Tingginya tingkat turnover intention akan mengganggu berjalannya rumah sakit karena akan berpengaruh pada keefektifan organisasi. Terdapat 20 orang pegawai RSUD Kudungga dalam 5 tahun terakhir yang sudah pindah kerja ke Puskesmas, Klinik atau Dinas Kesehatan dari 40 orang perawat yang mengajukan. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keinginan pindah kerja perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Kudungga. Metode : Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian korelasi dan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah semua perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Kudungga sebanyak 54 orang dengan sampel sebanyak 48 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan consecutive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan chi square. Hasil Penelitian : Sebagian besar sikap perawat dalam pekerjaan negatif (56,3%), lingkungan kerja perawat baik (58,3%), beban kerja perawat tinggi (56,3%) dan tidak ada keinginan pindah kerja (52,1%). Ada pengaruh antara sikap perawat dalam pekerjaan terhadap keinginan pindah kerja (p value : 0,008 < α : 0,05). Tidak ada pengaruh lingkungan kerja perawat terhadap keinginan pindah kerja (p value : 0,222 > α : 0,05). Ada pengaruh beban kerja perawat terhadap keinginan pindah kerja (p value : 0,038 < α : 0,05). Kesimpulan : Faktor yang mempengaruhi keinginan pindah kerja perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Kudungga yaitu sikap perawat dan beban kerja.
Effects of In composition on the surface morphology of self-assembled In
x
Ga1−x
Sb/GaAs quantum dots
Authors: Kawazu Takuya
Published: May 2022

We investigate the influence of the In composition x on the surface morphology of In
x
Ga1−x
Sb quantum dots (QDs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In
x
Ga1−x
Sb QDs are successfully formed at x ≤ 0.5 on GaAs(100) and x ≤ 0.6 on GaAs(311)A, where the QD size is larger and their density is lower on GaAs(100) than those on GaAs(311)A at any x. The shape and density n

QD
of In
x
Ga1−x
Sb QDs on GaAs(100) is more significantly affected by x than those on GaAs(311)A; the aspect height-to-radius ratio h/r increases about twofold on GaAs(100) with increasing x, but the increase of h/r is only 1.1 times on GaAs(311)A. As x increases from 0.0 to 0.5, n

QD
decreases by a factor of 150 on GaAs(100), while the decrease of n

QD
is only 7 times on GaAs(311)A. The comparison between the experiment and a rate equation model suggests that the hopping barrier energy between surface sites depends linearly on x.
Distributed temperature–strain sensor based on inter-mode Kerr four-wave mixing of PMF: proposal and proof-of-concept
Authors: Liu Li-Ming , Yang Yu-Lian , Deng Qing-Xue , Jia Xin-Hong , Liang Wen-Yan , Jiang Li , Song Wei-Jie , Zhang Xuan
Published: May 2022

A novel concept of distributed temperature–strain sensors is proposed using inter-mode Kerr four-wave mixing of polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF), in which the dominated physical mechanism is basically different from reported Brillouin dynamic grating (BDG). The independent measurement for temperature and strain sensitivities (−0.431 MHz °C−1 and 0.067 MHz/10 με) was completed by detecting the change in birefringence under pump-Stokes frequency separation at 370 MHz. As a preliminary proof-of-concept, sensing with a spatial resolution of ∼5 m was demonstrated along ∼210 m PMF. Compared with BDG, the proposed sensor features potential of multiple parameters measurement including temperature–strain and liquid acoustic impedance.
Experimental Analysis of Stress Concentration on V-Notched Plate
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Aeronautical Engineering MLR Institute of Technology, Dundigal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Sawale* Alka , Goud Nayani Uday Ranjan ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Aeronautical Engineering MLR Institute of Technology, Dundigal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Srinikitha M. ,   Student, Department of Aeronautical Engineering, CMRTC,Hyderabad,Telangana,India.
Published: May 2022

Failure of notch occurs under the loading condition in the region where the stress distribution is disturbed. The proper study of effect of shapes and orientations of notches is imperative. The prediction of maximum stress developed at notches avoids such failures that ensure safe design of elements. The problem of stress-concentration effects, produced by holes and notches in plates under tension is, of interest to machine designers. Stress concentration is very important parameters to know where the stress is observed on object when it is subjected to different loading conditions. The evaluation of disturbances such as voids in on object increase the stresses approximately in the vicinity of discontinuity hence its effect must be accounted. In this project the experimental and FEM is applied out to find stress concentration factor considering an aluminium plate with v-notch and the final point where been similar with data.
Multi‑lingual character handwriting framework based on an integrated deep learning based sequence‑to‑sequence attention model
Authors: Rabhi Besma , Elbaati Abdelkarim , Boubaker Houcine , Hamdi Yahia , Hussain Amir , Alimi Adel
Published: May 2022

Online signals are rich in dynamic features such
as trajectory chronology, velocity, pressure and pen up/down movements. Their
offline counterparts consist of a set of pixels. Thus, online handwriting recognition
accuracy is generally better than offline. In this paper, we propose an original framework for recovering temporal order and pen velocity from offline
multi-lingual handwriting. Our framework is based on an integrated
sequence-to-sequence attention model. The proposed system involves extracting a
hidden representation from an image using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
and a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BGRU), and decoding the encoded vectors to generate dynamic information using a BGRU with temporal attention.
We validate our framework using an online recognition system applied to a
benchmark Latin, Arabic and Indian On/Off dual-handwriting character database.
The performance of the proposed multi-lingual system is demonstrated through a
low error rate of point coordinates and high accuracy system rate.
Prompt scoring system for dialogue summarization using GPT-3
Authors: Prodan George , Pelican Elena
Published: May 2022

Recent results in language processing show that language models are capable of performing several natural language tasks without the need of supervised learning. A challenging task for pre-trained language models is dialogue summarization. One way of generating summaries is engineering prompt templates for few-shot training. However, a static approach of creating prompts leads to unreliable outcomes between different classes of dialogues. Focusing on the dialogues structure properties, we propose a scoring system to improve the few-shot training performances by building tuned prompts composed by the highest scored dialogue samples. Our evaluation based on ROUGE scores and human evaluation shows that there is improvement for the experiments where we made use of the score system. The positive results are validated by all the three large-scale datasets we used in testing. All experiments were performed within the framework of the GPT-3 API.
Additive Feature Attribution Explainable Methods to Craft Adversarial Attacks for Text Classification and Text Regression
Authors: Chai Yidong , Liang Ruicheng , Samtani Sagar , Zhu Hongyi , Wang Meng , Liu Yezheng , Jiang Yuanchun
Published: May 2022

 Deep learning (DL) models have significantly improved the performance of text classification and text regression tasks. However, DL models are often strikingly vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Many researchers have aimed to develop adversarial attacks against DL models in realistic black-box settings (i.e., assumes no model knowledge is accessible to attackers) that typically operate with a two-phase framework: (1) sensitivity estimation through gradient-based or deletion-based methods to evaluate the sensitivity of each token to the prediction of the target model, and (2) perturbation execution to craft adversarial examples based on the estimated token sensitivity. However, gradient-based and deletion-based methods used to estimate sensitivity often face issues of capturing the directionality of tokens and overlapping token sensitivities, respectively. In this study, we propose a novel eXplanation-based method for Adversarial Text Attacks (XATA) that leverages additive feature attribution explainable methods, namely LIME or SHAP, to measure the sensitivity of input tokens when crafting black-box adversarial attacks on DL models performing text classification or text regression. We evaluated XATA’s attack performance on DL models executing text classification on three datasets (IMDB Movie Review, Yelp Reviews-Polarity, and Amazon Reviews-Polarity) and DL models conducting text regression on three datasets (My Personality, Drug Review, and CommonLit Readability). The proposed XATA outperformed the existing gradient-based and deletion-based adversarial attack baselines in both tasks. These findings indicate that the ever-growing research focused on improving the explainability of DL models with additive feature attribution explainable methods can provide attackers with weapons to launch targeted adversarial attacks. 
Modeling the MOSFET’s Inversion Layer and its Universal Mobility: A New Experimental Method1
Authors: Shoucair F.
Published: May 2022

We formulate a simple, yet accurate, model for a non-uniform mobile charge density ρ(z) giving rise to a mean potential Ψ* across an inversion layer of finite extent, which we measure by means of a novel, sensitive, experimental method involving nulls of harmonic distortion components (D2 ≈ D3 ≈ 0) of the drain current under sinusoidal excitation below saturation. We thus establish analytically and experimentally, that the low-field, "universal" effective mobility µeff varies as ~(E*T)-1/3 for transversal fields ET*= -(1/εsi)·[ɳQi + Qb] ≤ 0.5 MV/cm, wherein ɳ varies continuously between 1/2 and 1/3. We also establish and observe that the higher order, derivative, parameter θT quantifying µeff’s modulation by E*T varies as ~(E*T)-5/3 under laminar flow conditions, thereby further corroborating the foregoing effects and interpretations thereof.
Dynamics Modeling of Gear Transmissions with Asymmetric Load-Dependent Friction
Authors: Kikuuwe Ryo
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes a new concise mathematical model of gear transmission dynamics with asymmetric load-dependent friction. It is of the form of a differential-algebraic inclusion (DAI) characterized by some parameters, including input-side and output-side asymmetry coefficients. The presented model properly captures the static friction and even the non-backdrivability. It is applicable to different classes of transmissions, such as leadscrew transmissions, worm gear transmissions, and spur gear transmissions. The DAI representation is extended into a multi-dimensional representation for articulated rigid-body systems driven through joint transmissions. Moreover, simulation algorithms are derived through the implicit Euler discretization. Some simulation examples illustrate the capability of the presented simulation algorithm to reproduce load-dependent asymmetric frictional behaviors, which cannot be reproduced by conventional load-independent joint friction models.
Conjoint uncertainty in Bio-optical Characterization of Coastal waters using Local to Global Optimization
Authors: Gupta Anurag
Published: May 2022

“This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible.”
A Coherent Approach Towards Quantum Gravity
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep
Published: May 2022

This paper focuses on a phase
transition from the asymptotic safety approach of renormalizing the quantum
gravity (QG) to a more granular approach of the loop quantum gravity (LQG) and
then merging it with the Regge calculus for deriving the spin-(2) graviton.
From loop-(2) onwards, the higher derivative curvatures make the momentum go to
infinity which assaults a problem in renormalizing the QG. If the Einstein-Hilbert (E-H) action, is
computed, and a localized path integral (or partition functions) is defined
over a curved space, then that action is shown to be associated with the higher
order dimension in a more compactified way, resulting in an infinite winding
numbers being accompanied through the exponentiality coefficients of the
partition integrals in the loop expansions of the second order term onwards.
Based on that localization principle, the entire path integral got collapsed to
discrete points that if corresponds the aforesaid actions, results in negating
the divergences’ with an implied bijections’ and reverse bijections’ of a
diffeormorphism of a continuous differentiable functional domains. If those
domains are being attributed to the spatial constraints, Hamiltonian
constraints and Master constraints then, through Ashtekar’s variables, it can
be modestly shown that the behavior of quantum origin of asymptotic safety is similar
to the LQG granules of spinfoam spacetime. Then, we will proceed with the
triangulation of the entangled-points that results in the inclusion of Regge
poles via the quantum number (+2,-2,0) as the produced variables of the
spin-(2) graviton and spin-(0) dilaton.
Performance Evaluation of Few-shot Learning-based System Identification
Authors: Chen Hongtian , Cheng Chao , DOGRU OGUZHAN , Huang Biao
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes a performance evaluation method for few-shot learning-based system identification. The basic idea behind the proposed approach is to use ``probably approximately correct (PAC)'' to assess the obtained boundary of identification errors. The study demonstrates effectiveness of the proposed solution when the noise is not white and there are only limited data samples for the identification in practical applications. The contributions of this study include: 1) modeling errors are quantified via the $L_\infty$ norm; 2) the bounded noises are considered; 3) it is shown that both the modeling and prediction errors can be reduced by increasing the size of training data. Rigorous mathematical analysis and a case study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed performance evaluation strategy.
Stroke Localization Using Multiple Ridge Regression Predictors Based on Electromagnetic Signals
Authors: Gao Shang , Zhu Guohun
Published: May 2022

All signals are generated and received using the M9800A Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). To obtain the data, 16-antenna array is designed and placed around the SSB. The array used is the EMvision 3B headset, attached to an EMvi? sion trolley, with calibration PCBs installed(03 series (+20)).
IoT Microchip AVR Programmer based on TPI and PDI Protocols for Firmware-over-the-Air Updates
Authors: badawy wael , Sharf Samy H. , Salama Rafaat A. , Mekky Mostafa A. , Ahmed Ahmed I.
Published: May 2022

The smart connected devices which form the IoT Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) need to be remotely re- programmed over-the-air. Therefore, new features are added, software bugs or security vulnerabilities are fixed and their assigned applications can be re-purposed. This paper proposes an IoT FOTA Microchip AVR Programmer using Wi-Fi tech- nology which supports the official Microchip Tiny Programming Interface (TPI) and Program and Debug Interface (PDI). TPI is supported by the Microchip AVR ATtiny family and PDI is supported by the Microchip AVR ATxmega family of micro- controllers. The core contribution is to add wireless connectivity to the official standard STK500v2 and STK600 programming protocols of the Microchip AVR Programmer. A simulation is conducted using the AVRDUDE Command-Line and the NB Virtual Comm Port applications proving reliable FOTA proce- dure. Experimental implementation is carried on the Microchip AVR ATtiny20 and ATxmega32A4U micro-controllers, and the collected results showed a significant match to the conducted simulation.
Full-Reference Calibration-Free Image Quality Assessment
Authors: Giannitrapani Paolo
Published: May 2022

The paper proposes the use of a scoring function which is inspired to fundamental principles and theoretical constraints and is parametrized by the viewing distance. The common final step of image quality assessment methods is the mapping of an objective metric onto a subjective scale using a parametric, empirical non-linear scoring function.
Space-Time Adaptive Modeling and Shape Optimization of Microwave Structures With Applications to Metasurface Design
Authors: Zhao Qiming , Sarris Costas
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a time-domain modeling and shape optimization framework for microwave structures including metasurfaces, based on a nodal Discontinuous Galerkin Time-Domain (DGTD) method. In particular, we employ an unstructured mesh and the inherent mesh refinement ability of DGTD to model multi-scale geometries via adaptive mesh refinement. More importantly, we integrate a multi-tier local time-stepping technique into the time integration of DGTD, which significantly alleviates the cost introduced by mesh refinement. We further present a flexible parameterization approach by defining the contours of metasurface unit cells by B-spline curves, which allows us to explore a wide range of smooth shapes by only a few design variables. Besides, we adopt a Polynomial Chaos-Kriging (PCK) surrogate method to approximate the full-wave DGTD model, reducing the computational cost for optimization problems that require time-consuming simulations by three orders of magnitude. The B-spline parameterization and the PCK surrogate model are combined with a pattern search-based Pareto front algorithm to optimize metasurfaces for multiple design objectives. The proposed optimization framework is also applicable to other microwave structures. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through the optimization of an omega-bianisotropic Huygens' metasurface unit cell and an E-plane microwave T-junction.
Computational Techniques for Design and Analysis of Time-Varying Capacitor loaded Transmission Lines using FDTD and Simulink
Authors: Kumar Anand , Dash Jogesh Chandra , Sarkar Debdeep
Published: May 2022

In this paper, MATLAB based computational approaches for the design and analysis of time-varying capacitors using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique and the Simulink design environment are presented. The FDTD formulation for multiple lumped capacitors loaded in series on a transmission line is discussed and extended to include time variation of capacitance. The design methodology for the same is also discussed using MATLAB's Simulink using the RF Blockset Library. The developed FDTD formulation and the Simulink method are then used to design a mixer with time-varying capacitors loaded transmission line.
User performance with a transradial multi-articulating hand prosthesis during pattern recognition and direct control home use
Authors: Simon Ann , Turner Kristi , Miller Laura , Potter Benjamin , Beachler Mark , Dumanian Gregory , Hargrove Levi , Kuiken Todd
Published: May 2022

With the increasing availability of more advanced prostheses individuals with a transradial amputation can now be fit with single to multi-degree of freedom hands. Reliable and accurate control of these multi-grip hands still remains challenging. This is the first multi-user study to investigate at-home control and use of a multi-grip hand prosthesis under pattern recognition and direct control. Individuals with a transradial amputation were fitted with and trained to use an OSSUR i-Limb Ultra Revolution with Coapt COMPLETE CONTROL system. They participated in two 8-week home trials using the hand under myoelectric direct and pattern recognition control in a randomized order. While at home, participants demonstrated broader usage of grips in pattern recognition compared to direct control. After the home trial, they showed significant improvements in the Assessment of Capacity for Myoelectric Control (ACMC) outcome measure while using pattern recognition control compared to direct control; other outcome measures showed no differences between control styles. Additionally, this study provided a unique opportunity to evaluate EMG signals during home use. Offline analysis of calibration data showed that users were 81.5% [7.1] accurate across a range of three to five grips. Although EMG signal noise was identified during some calibrations, overall EMG quality was sufficient to provide users with control performance at or better than direct control. 
User performance with a transradial multi-articulating hand prosthesis during pattern recognition and direct control home use
Authors: Simon Ann , Turner Kristi , Miller Laura , Potter Benjamin , Beachler Mark , Dumanian Gregory , Hargrove Levi , Kuiken Todd
Published: May 2022

Individuals with a transradial amputation are
often fitted with a hand or a hand and wrist prosthesis in attempts to restore
functional ability. A wide variety of devices are available clinically, from
single degree-of-freedom to multi-articulating hands, and include body-powered,
myoelectric direct or pattern recognition control. The goal of this study was
to investigate at-home use of a multi-articulating hand prosthesis. Individuals
with a transradial amputation were fitted with and trained to use an OSSUR
i-limb Ultra Revolution with Coapt COMPLETE CONTROL system. They participated
in two 8-week home trials using the hand under myoelectric direct and pattern
recognition control in a randomized order. While at home, participants
demonstrated broader usage of grips in pattern recognition compared to direct
control. After the home trial, they showed significant improvements in the Assessment
of Capacity for Myoelectric Control outcome measure while using pattern
recognition control compared to direct control; other outcome measures showed
no differences between control styles. Additionally, this study provided a
unique opportunity to evaluate EMG signal quality during home use. While EMG
signal noise was identified during some pattern recognition calibrations,
overall EMG quality was sufficient to provide users with control performance at
or better than direct control.
Role of Computerized Tomography Scan in clinically suspected renal trauma
Authors: Al-Saad Raed
Published: May 2022

introduction: Renal trauma is the most common urologic trauma and occurs in 8-10% of patients with significant blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma Aim of study: Is to evaluate role of CT scan as an initial investigation in clinically suspected blunt renal injuries. patient and method: A prospective study was carried out in Al-Sadir medical city in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf health directorate-Iraq over a period of one year from 1/10/2009 to 1/10/2010, on 53 patients with blunt abdominal trauma admitted to the casualty and referred for radiological assessment, all cases were examined by a specialized radiologist by US then underwent CT examination on basis of selection according to clinical criteria. Results: It showed majority of blunt trauma cases were young adults male, all cases due to RTAs, most of renal injuries are minor injuries; Right kidney was more vulnerable to trauma than left kidney. No contrast reaction was noticed among the patients, normal CT scan effectively exclude renal injury, no cases were missed, in comparison to U/S which is positive in 85% of cases and falsely negative in 14.3%. Blunt renal injuries were rarely associated with free fluid (only 14.3%).
The role of IL-2 in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma “a study in Iraqi patients”
Authors: Mohsin Azhar , Hussein Talib , Mashkoor Kareem
Published: May 2022

IL-2 plays a pivotal role in the induction of host immune responses against tumor growth and it has anti-tumor activity. Therefore the present study aimed at shedding light on a group of Iraqi patients with multiple myeloma by evaluating the level of this cytokine in their sera . The age and gender were also taken into consedration. and investigate if there was any association between IL-2 and the level of β2-m. A group of 49 patients and 22 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The quantitative determination of IL-2 serum level was performed by ELISA. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group included (17) patients who were recently diagnosed and not received any treatment at the time of collecting samples, while the second group included (32) patients who received treatment. Results: A significant decrease in the serum level of IL-2 was observed in MM patients (3.89 ± 3.64 vs. 11.61 ± 23.37 U/ml) as compared with controls. There were no significant difference in level of IL-2 between the patients who received treatment and those who did not as well as there was no association between production of IL-2 one hand and production of β2-m and IgG on the other hand . Finally there was no association between age and IL-2. The serum level of this interleukin showed no gender-related variations between males and females and there was no correlation between it (IL-2) and gender factor.
Docetaxel Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast cancer Patients and its Amelioration by Vitamin E
Authors: Kamoona Talib , Hameed Hayder , Mohammad Ammar , Farhan Adel
Published: May 2022

Background: Chemotherapy is used to treat different types of cancer. Its use is associated with neurotoxicity, the most common of them is peripheral neuropathy. Taxanes are recognized to cause peripheral neuropathy of which Docetaxel is studied. Aim: To evaluate the neurotoxicity of Docetaxel and assess the protective effect of vitamin E in breast cancer patients. Methods: In a prospective placebo controlled randomized study, 60 women with breast cancer were selected. Patients had surgery and planned for chemotherapy administration. Chemotherapy protocol used is TAC that includes Docetaxel, Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide given every 21 days. They are assessed for neuropathy clinically and by nerve conduction study at the baseline and after completion of chemotherapy. They are divided into 2 groups each composed of 30 patients. The 1st group is given Vitamin E and the second group is given placebo. Results: showed that the incidence of neuropathy is the same in both groups, but it was less severe in Vitamin E treated group compared to the placebo group. Conclusion: vitamin E ameliorates the severity of peripheral neuropathy and can be used for this purpose. Recommendation: We recommend large multicenter studies to be done and using other agents that possibly prevent or ameliorate Docetaxel induced neuropathy in the future.
Effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in improving of nocturnal enuresis in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy
Authors: Dekhil Kassim
Published: May 2022

Background: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is an old & common childhood condition. It has been found that, there is a relationship between adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children & nocturnal enuresis. Aim: This study was conducted to see the effects of adenotonsillectomy on nocturnal enuresis in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Methods: This study was conducted in Diwaniyah teaching hospital, Diwaniyah city, Iraq, from May 2012 to August 2014. The total number of children admitted for adenotonsillectomy or tonsillectomy alone were 287 children, 76 out of the total number were included in the study. The children were followed- up by the same questionnaire for four months postoperatively, including, age, the number of night bed wettings, type of enuresis and the results of urine examination. Results: Of total 287 children who were submitted for surgery, 76 children were eligible for the study, 48(63.16%) of the total number included in the study were males and 28 (36.84%) were females. The mean age was 7.2 y. Adenotonsillectomy was performed in 64 children, and tonsillectomy in 12 children. A complete improvement of nocturnal enuresis (NE) & daytime incontinence was achieved in 32 (42.11%) children. A mild to moderate improvement was observed in 38 (50%), while no improvement seen in the remaining 6 (7.89%) children postoperatively. Conclusion: Children with nocturnal enuresis should be evaluated by ENT surgeon to rule out any adenotonsillar hypertrophy for possible adenotonsillectomy effect. However, a wide base studies are needed to clarify these results.
Nephroprotective effect of vitamin E added to angiotensin receptor blocker in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Alkaaby Abdulrazzaq , Alhelu Sabah , Almosewi Anwar
Published: May 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a condition associated with increased oxidative stress as a consequence of hyperglycemia. Therefore, the use of antioxidants in people with diabetes has been advocated. Vitamin E is the most prevalent naturally occurring anti-oxidant. Aim: To evaluate the effect of the combination of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and vitamin E on urine protein in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Methods: One hundred and six patients with diabetic nephropathy, who visited the Alsader medical city in Najaf governorate and Al-Furat Al-Awsat general hospital in Kufa, were investigated, 39 of them are type 1diabetics, and 67 of them are type 2 diabetics. Each patient was followed up for 3 months with valsartan (160mg/day), then for 3 months with addition of tocopherol (400mg). At the screening visits, proteinuria was determined in two 24 h urine sample, arterial blood pressure was measured twice at ten minutes rest with 2 minutes interval and serum level of potassium, sodium & creatinine were determined. Results: Proteinuria was significantly lowered when tocopherol 400mg was added to valsartan, as compared with valsartan without tocopherol. Valsartan alone caused a mean reduction of 24 h urine protein of 27% from the baseline, while the addition of tocopherol caused a mean reduction of 24 hour proteinuria of 30% from result of valsartan. That is mean the combination therapy of valsartan and tocopherol caused a reduction in proteinuria of 44% from baseline. Conclusion: The current study suggests that combination therapy of ARB and vitamin E offers an additional antiproteinuric and nephroprotective effect. Recommendation: Antioxidants, in particular vitamin E have promising nephroprotective effects. However, studies on other antioxidants like vitamin C are needed in the efforts of prevention of diabetic nephropathy