bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variations and Long‐Term Trend of Dust Particle Number Concentration Over the Northeastern United States
Authors: Zhang Yanda , Luo Gan , Yu Fangqun
Published: November 2019

Mineral dust is known to affect cloud and precipitation by serving as ice nuclei, and an increasing number of modeling studies have explicitly related ice nucleation with the dust number concentrations. We examine the seasonal variations and the long‐term trend of dust number concentrations over the northeastern United States (NEUS) during 2000–2017, based on results from a global chemical transport model with size‐resolved particle microphysics (GEOS‐Chem/APM). Comparisons with observations show that GEOS‐Chem/APM can capture most of the strong dust events in the NEUS. The model results indicate that mineral dusts over the NEUS are dominated by dust transported in the lower and middle troposphere (from 2 to 6 km). The number concentrations of dust larger than 500 nm (ND,d > 500nm) vary by over 2 orders of magnitude from nondust‐transport days to event days, and ND,d > 500nm in different seasons can vary by 1 order of magnitude. The frequencies of dust events also show seasonal variation, with most annually top 50% dust events in spring and early summer (March–June) and in fall and early winter (September–December), and stronger dust events mainly in March–June. From 2000 to 2017, the springtime dust event days decrease by about 50% (above‐average dust events), 76% (top 10% events), and 85% (top 5% events), and ND,d > 500nm of strong events decreases by about 50%. Our analysis indicates that these decrease trends are caused by the declining Asian dust loading. The frequencies of dust events in summer have a weaker decreasing trend, and there is no obvious tendency in other seasons.
Spring Aleutian Low Weakening and Surface Cooling Trend in Northwest North America During Recent Decades
Authors: Sun Cheng , Kucharski Fred , Li Jianping , Wang Kaicun , Kang In‐Sik , Lian Tao , Liu Ting , Ding Ruiqiang , Xie Fei
Published: November 2019

State‐of‐the‐art climate models predict an enhanced warming over global land areas in response to the greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing. In nature, however, the observed land surface warming is not spatially uniform in recent decades as GHG concentration has risen rapidly. There is no warming and even cooling trend in spring northwest North America (NWNA) surface temperature since 1980. Here, we link the observed multidecadal surface cooling trend in NWNA to the weakening of spring Aleutian low (AL), which is ecologically important during the growing season. The AL weakening leads to reductions of southwesterly wind and warm air transport from eastern North Pacific to NWNA. The spring AL weakening and associated NWNA surface cooling are reasonably reproduced by AMIP models, driven by the historical external forcing and imposed sea ice concentration (SIC) and sea surface temperature (SST) from observations. Further investigations into the roles of different forcing components suggest that the changes in the AL are most likely driven by the tropical SST changes in recent decades while the external forcing and SIC play minor roles. There is a zonal dipole pattern of trends in tropical SSTs since 1980, with central‐eastern Pacific cooling and warming in other tropical basins, and the atmospheric responses to this SST change show a meridionally propagating Rossby wave train from tropics into subarctic North Pacific, which mediates the SST forcing and the AL changes.
Modeling the Snow Depth Variability With a High‐Resolution Lidar Data Set and Nonlinear Terrain Dependency
Authors: Skaugen T. , Melvold K.
Published: November 2019

In the mountains of Norway, snow depth (SD) is highly variable due to strong winds and open terrain. To investigate snow conditions on one of Europe's largest mountain plateaus, Hardangervidda, we conducted snow measurement campaigns in spring 2008 and 2009 using airborne lidar scanning at the approximate time of annual snow maximum (mid‐April). From 658 empirical distributions of SD at Hardangervidda, each comprised about 4,000 SD values sampled from a grid cell of 0.5 km2, quantitative tests have shown that the gamma distribution is a better fit for SD than the normal and log‐normal distributions. When aggregating snow and terrain data from 10 × 10 m to 0.5 km2, we find that the standard deviation of the terrain parameter squared slope, land cover, and the mean SD are highly correlated (0.7, 0.52, and 0.89) to the standard deviation of SD. A model for SD variance is proposed that, in addition to addressing the dependencies between the variability of SD and the terrain characteristics, also takes into account the observed nonlinear relationship between the mean and the standard deviation of SD. When validated against observed SD variance retrieved from the same area, the model explains 81–83% of the observed variance for spatial scales of 0.5 and 5.1 km2, which compares favorably to previous models. The model parameters can be determined from a GIS analysis of a detailed digital terrain and land cover model and will hence not increase the number of calibration parameters when implemented in environmental models.
Correction: Gene expression profiling identifies FYN as an important molecule in tamoxifen resistance and a predictor of early recurrence in patients treated with endocrine therapy
Authors: Elias D. , Vever H. , Lænkholm A.-V. , Gjerstorff M. F. , Yde C. W. , Lykkesfeldt A. E. , Ditzel H. J.
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Enhanced light-matter interaction in an atomically thin semiconductor coupled with dielectric nano-antennas
Authors: Sortino L. , Zotev P. G. , Mignuzzi S. , Cambiasso J. , Schmidt D. , Genco A. , Aßmann M. , Bayer M. , Maier S. A. , Sapienza R. , Tartakovskii A. I.
Published: November 2019

Unique structural and optical properties of atomically thin two-dimensional semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides enable in principle their efficient coupling to photonic cavities having the optical mode volume close to or below the diffraction limit. Recently, it has become possible to make all-dielectric nano-cavities with reduced mode volumes and negligible non-radiative losses. Here, we realise low-loss high-refractive-index dielectric gallium phosphide (GaP) nano-antennas with small mode volumes coupled to atomic mono- and bilayers of WSe$${}_{2}$$

2

. We observe a photoluminescence enhancement exceeding 10$${}^{4}$$

4

compared with WSe$${}_{2}$$

2

placed on planar GaP, and trace its origin to a combination of enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate, favourable modification of the photoluminescence directionality and enhanced optical excitation efficiency. A further effect of the coupling is observed in the photoluminescence polarisation dependence and in the Raman scattering signal enhancement exceeding 10$${}^{3}$$

3

. Our findings reveal dielectric nano-antennas as a promising platform for engineering light-matter coupling in two-dimensional semiconductors.
A 2D hyperspectral library of mineral reflectance, from 900 to 2500 nm
Authors: Fasnacht Laurent , Vogt Marie-Louise , Renard Philippe , Brunner Philip
Published: November 2019

Mineral identification using machine learning requires a significant amount of training data. We built a library of 2D hyperspectral images of minerals. The library contains reflectance images of 130 samples, of 76 distinct minerals, with more than 3.9 million data points. In order to produce this dataset, various well-characterized mineral samples were scanned, using a SPECIM Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) camera, which captures wavelengths from 900 to 2500 nm. Minerals were selected to represent all the mineral classes and the most common mineral occurrences. For each sample, the following data are provided: (a) At least one hyperspectral image of the sample, consisting of 256 wavelengths between 900 and 2500 nm. The raw data, the high dynamic range (HDR) image, and the masked HDR image are provided for each scan (each of them in HDF5 format). (b) A text file describing the sample, providing supplementary information for the subsequent analysis (c) RGB images (JPEG files) and automated 3D reconstructions (Stanford Triangle PLY files). These data help the user to visualize and understand specific sample characteristics. 2D hyperspectral images were produced for each mineral, which consist of many different spectra with high diversity. The scans feature similar spectra than the ones in other available spectral libraries. An artificial neural network was trained to demonstrate the high quality of the dataset. This spectral library is mainly aimed at training machine learning algorithms, such as neural networks, but can be also used as validation data for other types of classification algorithms.
The ProMotion LMU dataset, prostate intra-fraction motion recorded by transperineal ultrasound
Authors: Ballhausen Hendrik , Li Minglun , Belka Claus
Published: November 2019

Intra-fraction motion of the prostate was recorded during 721 fractions of image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) in 28 patients, 14 of which were treated by intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and 14 of which were treated by volumetric arc therapy (VMAT). The prostate was imaged by three-dimensional and time-resolved transperineal ultrasound (4D-US) of type Clarity by Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden. The prostate volume was registered and the prostate position (center of volume) was recorded at a frequency of 1.6 samples per second. This raw data set contains a total of 380.199 prostate and patient couch positions over a time span of 53 hours, 47 minutes and 29 seconds of life radiotherapy as exported by the instrument software. This data set has been used for the validation of models of prostate intra-fraction motion and for the estimation of the dosimetric impact of actual intra-fraction motion on treatment quality and side effects. We hope that this data set may be reused by other groups for similar purposes.
The scale-invariant, temporal profile of neuronal avalanches in relation to cortical γ–oscillations
Authors: Miller Stephanie R. , Yu Shan , Plenz Dietmar
Published: November 2019

Activity cascades are found in many complex systems. In the cortex, they arise in the form of neuronal avalanches that capture ongoing and evoked neuronal activities at many spatial and temporal scales. The scale-invariant nature of avalanches suggests that the brain is in a critical state, yet predictions from critical theory on the temporal unfolding of avalanches have yet to be confirmed in vivo. Here we show in awake nonhuman primates that the temporal profile of avalanches follows a symmetrical, inverted parabola spanning up to hundreds of milliseconds. This parabola constrains how avalanches initiate locally, extend spatially and shrink as they evolve in time. Importantly, parabolas of different durations can be collapsed with a scaling exponent close to 2 supporting critical generational models of neuronal avalanches. Spontaneously emerging, transient γ–oscillations coexist with and modulate these avalanche parabolas thereby providing a temporal segmentation to inherently scale-invariant, critical dynamics. Our results identify avalanches and oscillations as dual principles in the temporal organization of brain activity.
Declining maerl vitality and habitat complexity across a dredging gradient: Insights from in situ sediment profile imagery (SPI)
Authors: Bernard Guillaume , Romero-Ramirez Alicia , Tauran Adeline , Pantalos Michael , Deflandre Bruno , Grall Jacques , Grémare Antoine
Published: November 2019

Maerl beds form complex biogenic benthic habitats, characterized by high productivity as well as diverse biological communities. Disturbances associated with extraction and/or fishing activities using mobile bottom-contacting gears such as clam-dredges induce the most severe and long-term effects on these fragile habitats. We here investigated the effects of dredge-fishing on maerl in the bay of Brest (France). We quantified maerl beds structure and vitality across a fine scale quantified dredging intensity gradient through the acquisition of in-situ images of beds cross-section using Sediment Profile Imaging system (SPI). Declines in the proxies of maerl vitality and habitat complexity were measured across the gradient, and were associated with significant changes in the vertical distribution of live and dead maerl as well as of interstitial space. Fishing with dredges caused maerl mortality, substratum compaction, and decreasing habitat complexity. SPI imaging techniques also allowed for an assessment of changes in spatial heterogeneity that dredging created on several aspects of the structure and vitality of maerl beds. It suggests that direct and indirect disturbances induced by dredging are not acting at the same spatial scale, and can thereby differentially affect the ecosystem functions linked to vitality and habitat complexity.
Low mutation rate in the TTN gene in paediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy – a pilot study
Authors: Zaklyazminskaya Elena , Mikhailov Vadim , Bukaeva Anna , Kotlukova Natalia , Povolotskaya Inna , Kaimonov Vladimir , Dombrovskaya Anna , Dzemeshkevich Sergey
Published: November 2019

Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiomyopathy with the prevalence of 1:250, and at least one-third of all the cases are inherited. Mutations in the TTN gene are considered as the most frequent cause of inherited DCM and cover 10–30% of the cases. The studies were mainly focused on the adult or mixed age group of patients with DCM. The mutation rate in the TTN gene, the characteristics of manifestations and their prognostic significance in childhood have not been studied. To determine TTN mutation rate in children with DCM and the relevance of including this gene in the DNA diagnostic protocol for paediatric DCM, complete clinical and instrumental examination of 36 DCM patients (up to 18 years) with the manifestation of the disease was conducted in specialised cardiology centres. Molecular genetic testing included sequencing of coding and adjacent regulatory regions of the major cardiac TTN isoform N2BA using IonTorrent ™ semiconductor sequencing (for 25 isolated cases) and trio whole exome sequencing (trio WES)on the Illumina platform (for 11 family cases). Our pilot group included 36 probands with DCM diagnosis first established on the basis of the generally accepted criteria at the age of 5 days to 18 years(average age: 6.5 years). The sex ratio (M:F) was 23: 8. There were 25 sporadic DCM cases and 11 cases of familial DCM (at least one of the parents and/or siblings were also diagnosed with DCM). The only likely pathogenic truncating variant p.Arg33703*in the TTN gene (TTNtv) was found in a 16-year-oldmale proband out of 36 (3%). Apparently, TTN-dependent forms of DCMs manifest later at a young (but older than 18 years) or more mature age, and TTN gene cannot be considered as the first-line genetic testing for DCM in the paediatric group, despite several studies have reported a generally high mutation rate in this gene with DCM. Further research is needed to compare the representation of mutations in the TTN gene in different age groups of DCM patients.
The relationship of circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 levels with pericardial fat: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Magdas Arsenios , Ding Jingzhong , McClelland Robyn L. , Allison Matthew A. , Barter Philip J. , Rye Kerry-Anne , Ong Kwok Leung
Published: November 2019

Previous small studies have reported an association between circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels and pericardial fat volume in post-menopausal women and high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk patients. In this study, we investigated the relationship of FGF21 levels with pericardial fat volume in participants free of clinical CVD at baseline. We analysed data from 5765 men and women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) with both pericardial fat volume and plasma FGF21 levels measured at baseline. 4746 participants had pericardial fat volume measured in at least one follow-up exam. After adjusting for confounding factors, ln-transformed FGF21 levels were positively associated with pericardial fat volume at baseline (β = 0.055, p < 0.001). When assessing change in pericardial fat volume over a mean duration of 3.0 years using a linear mixed-effects model, higher baseline FGF21 levels were associated with higher pericardial fat volume at baseline (2.381 cm3 larger in pericardial fat volume per one SD increase in ln-transformed FGF21 levels), but less pericardial fat accumulation over time (0.191 cm3/year lower per one SD increase in ln-transformed FGF21 levels). Cross-sectionally, higher plasma FGF21 levels were significantly associated with higher pericardial fat volume, independent of traditional CVD risk factors and inflammatory markers. However, higher FGF21 levels tended to be associated with less pericardial fat accumulation over time. Nevertheless, such change in pericardial fat volume is very modest and could be due to measurement error. Further studies are needed to elucidate the longitudinal relationship of baseline FGF21 levels with pericardial fat accumulation.
The ability to recognize dog emotions depends on the cultural milieu in which we grow up
Authors: Amici Federica , Waterman James , Kellermann Christina Maria , Karimullah Karimullah , Bräuer Juliane
Published: November 2019

Inter-specific emotion recognition is especially adaptive when species spend a long time in close association, like dogs and humans. Here, we comprehensively studied the human ability to recognize facial expressions associated with dog emotions (hereafter, emotions). Participants were presented with pictures of dogs, humans and chimpanzees, showing angry, fearful, happy, neutral and sad emotions, and had to assess which emotion was shown, and the context in which the picture had been taken. Participants were recruited among children and adults with different levels of general experience with dogs, resulting from different personal (i.e. dog ownership) and cultural experiences (i.e. growing up or being exposed to a cultural milieu in which dogs are highly valued and integrated in human lives). Our results showed that some dog emotions such as anger and happiness are recognized from early on, independently of experience. However, the ability to recognize dog emotions is mainly acquired through experience. In adults, the probability of recognizing dog emotions was higher for participants grown up in a cultural milieu with a positive attitude toward dogs, which may result in different passive exposure, interest or inclination toward this species.
Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response to Microgravity Stress in Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Liu Peidang , Li Dan , Li Wenjie , Wang Dayong
Published: November 2019

Caenorhabditis elegans is useful for assessing biological effects of spaceflight and simulated microgravity. The molecular response of organisms to simulated microgravity is still largely unclear. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mt UPR) mediates a protective response against toxicity from environmental exposure in nematodes. Using HSP-6 and HSP-60 as markers of mt UPR, we observed a significant activation of mt UPR in simulated microgravity exposed nematodes. The increase in HSP-6 and HSP-60 expression mediated a protective response against toxicity of simulated microgravity. In simulated microgravity treated nematodes, mitochondria-localized ATP-binding cassette protein HAF-1 and homeodomain-containing transcriptional factor DVE-1 regulated the mt UPR activation. In the intestine, a signaling cascade of HAF-1/DVE-1-HSP-6/60 was required for control of toxicity of simulated microgravity. Therefore, our data suggested the important role of mt UPR activation against the toxicity of simulated microgravity in organisms.
Artificial liver support system therapy in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure: Classification and regression tree analysis
Authors: Huang Kaizhou , Ji Feiyang , Xie Zhongyang , Wu Daxian , Xu Xiaowei , Gao Hainv , Ouyang Xiaoxi , Xiao Lanlan , Zhou Menghao , Zhu Danhua , Li Lanjuan
Published: November 2019

Artificial liver support systems (ALSS) are widely used to treat patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). The aims of the present study were to investigate the subgroups of patients with HBV-ACLF who may benefit from ALSS therapy, and the relevant patient-specific factors. 489 ALSS-treated HBV-ACLF patients were enrolled, and served as derivation and validation cohorts for classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. CART analysis identified three factors prognostic of survival: hepatic encephalopathy (HE), prothrombin time (PT), and total bilirubin (TBil) level; and two distinct risk groups: low (28-day mortality 10.2–39.5%) and high risk (63.8–91.1%). The CART model showed that patients lacking HE and with a PT ≤ 27.8 s and a TBil level ≤455 μmol/L experienced less 28-day mortality after ALSS therapy. For HBV-ACLF patients with HE and a PT > 27.8 s, mortality remained high after such therapy. Patients lacking HE with a PT ≤ 27.8 s and TBil level ≤ 455 μmol/L may benefit markedly from ALSS therapy. For HBV-ACLF patients at high risk, unnecessary ALSS therapy should be avoided. The CART model is a novel user-friendly tool for screening HBV-ACLF patient eligibility for ALSS therapy, and will aid clinicians via ACLF risk stratification and therapeutic guidance.
Solvent-independent determination of heteroatom protonation states from NMR spectra by differential deuterium isotope shifts
Authors: Tassoti Sebastian , Walenta Martin , Pöcheim Alexander , Buchberger Kathrin , Kunert Olaf , Zangger Klaus
Published: November 2019

We present a simple and broadly applicable method to determine the protonation state of heteroatoms in organic compounds.
Determination of nicotine in saliva, urine and wastewater samples using tantalum metal organic framework pipette tip micro-solid phase extraction
Authors: Rezaei Kahkha Mohammad Reza , Kaykhaii Massoud , Sargazi Ghasem , Kahkha Batool Rezaei
Published: November 2019

A novel tantalum metal organic framework (Ta-MOF) was synthesized by a microwave assisted reverse micelle procedure, and it was used as a sorbent for pipette tip micro-solid phase extraction of nicotine from biological and environmental samples.
Cell membrane biomimetic nanoparticles for inflammation and cancer targeting in drug delivery
Authors: Wang Huaiji , Liu Ying , He Ruiqing , Xu Dailin , Zang Jie , Weeranoppanant Nopphon , Dong Haiqing , Li Yongyong
Published: November 2019

Cell membrane coated nanoparticles have been designed for inflammation and cancer therapy. An array of cell membranes from cell library were extracted and leveraged to coat a variety of nanoparticles for different diseases.
Thermoresponsive drug delivery to mitochondria in vivo
Authors: Ruan Lifo , Zhou Mengxue , Chen Jun , Huang Hui , Zhang Jiayu , Sun Hongyan , Chai Zhifang , Hu Yi
Published: November 2019

Thermoresponsive drug delivery to mitochondria in a mouse model of cancer.
Modelling haemoproteins: porphyrins and cyclodextrins as sources of inspiration
Authors: Vonesch Maxime , Wytko Jennifer A. , Kitagishi Hiroaki , Kano Koji , Weiss Jean
Published: November 2019

Associations of hydrophobic cavities with porphyrin derivatives used to mimic haemoprotein structures are featured in this article and may inspire innovative research in the field of cucurbiturils.
Achieving long-lived thermally activated delayed fluorescence in the atmospheric aqueous environment by nano-encapsulation
Authors: Wu Yingnan , Jiao Long , Song Fengling , Chen Miaomiao , Liu Dapeng , Yang Wei , Sun Yuming , Hong Gaobo , Liu Lingge , Peng Xiaojun
Published: November 2019

Fluorescent silica nanoparticles which encapsulated dye DCF-BYT with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) were fabricated by a simple synthetic method.
Dendritic Cu: a high-efficiency electrocatalyst for N2 fixation to NH3 under ambient conditions
Authors: Li Chengbo , Mou Shiyong , Zhu Xiaojuan , Wang Fengyi , Wang Yuting , Qiao Yanxia , Shi Xifeng , Luo Yonglan , Zheng Baozhan , Li Quan , Sun Xuping
Published: November 2019

Dendritic Cu behaves as an efficient electrocatalyst for ambient N2-to-NH3 fixation with a high Faradaic efficiency of 15.12% and a large NH3 yield rate of 25.63 μg h−1 mgcat.−1 at −0.40 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.1 M HCl.
Real-time monitoring of solid-phase peptide synthesis using a variable bed flow reactor
Authors: Sletten Eric T. , Nuño Manuel , Guthrie Duncan , Seeberger Peter H.
Published: November 2019

Integration of a pressure-based variable bed flow reactor into an automated solid-phase peptide synthesizer allowed for monitoring of on-resin aggregation and incomplete amide bond formation in real-time.
Electrophilic terminal arsinidene-iron(0) complexes with a two-coordinated arsenic atom
Authors: Sharma Mahendra K. , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans-Georg , Andrada Diego M. , Ghadwal Rajendra S.
Published: November 2019

The electrophilic arsinidene complexes5and6featuring a two-coordinated arsenic atom have been isolated as crystalline solids. Complex5readily reacts with an NHC nucleophile (IMe4) to give the Lewis adduct7.
Application of C-face dislocation conversion to 2 inch SiC crystal growth on an off-axis seed crystal
Authors: Liu Xinbo , Zhu Can , Harada Shunta , Tagawa Miho , Ujihara Toru
Published: November 2019

Combination of outward solution flow and off-axis 4H-SiC seed crystal resulted in inhomogeneities in the surface morphology and thus a distribution of TSD conversion.
Reducing the shuttle effect with the interactions of polar TiN and non-polar graphene for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Xiao Ru , Chen Ke , Zhang Xiaoyin , Hu Guangjian , Xie Jingxin , Rong Junfeng , Sun Zhenhua , Li Feng
Published: November 2019

Chemical anchoring and facilitated transformation of polysulfides by polar titanium nitride nanoparticles and uniform distribution of sulfur by non-polar graphene showed efficient cooperative interactions for lithium–sulfur batteries.
The multiple roles of carbonic anhydrase in calcium carbonate mineralization
Authors: Rodriguez-Navarro Carlos , Cizer Özlem , Kudłacz Krzysztof , Ibañez-Velasco Aurelia , Ruiz-Agudo Cristina , Elert Kerstin , Burgos-Cara Alejandro , Ruiz-Agudo Encarnacion
Published: November 2019

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) accelerates, templates and arrests calcium carbonate mineralization by playing both enzymatic and structural protein roles.
An insight into the non-covalent Pb⋯S and S⋯S interactions in the solid-state structure of a hemidirected lead(ii) complex
Authors: Mirdya Saikat , Banerjee Snehasis , Chattopadhyay Shouvik
Published: November 2019

A hemi-directed copper(ii)/lead(ii) complex has been synthesized and characterized. The energy of chalcogen–chalcogen and tetrel bonding interactions in this complex was analyzed by DFT calculations.
Tunable oligo-histidine self-assembled monolayer junction and charge transport by a pH modulated assembly
Authors: Li Baili , Tian Lixian , He Xuehao , Ji Xuan , Khalid Hira , Yue Chong , Liu Qinggang , Yu Xi , Lei Shengbin , Hu Wenping
Published: November 2019

Tunable charge transport of hepta-histidine self-assembled monolayer junction via pH modulated assembly.
Tunable helical structures formed by ABC triblock copolymers under cylindrical confinement
Authors: Liu Meijiao , Chen Ka , Li Weihua , Wang Xinping
Published: November 2019

Block copolymers confined in nanopores provide unique achiral systems for the formation of helical structures.
Correlated magnetic field effects on carriers and excitons in single-carrier exciplex-based organic photodiodes
Authors: Yuan Peisen , Guo Xiaomin , Qiao Xianfeng , Ma Dongge
Published: November 2019

The origins of OMFEs on carriers and excitons are studied in single-carrier exciplex-based diodes. Negative and positive MC coexist, indicating different mechanisms. Interaction between carriers and excitons gives amplitude-dependent photoinduced MC.
Non-quenching photoluminescence emission up to at least 865 K upon near-UV excitation in a single crystal of orange-red emitting SmPO4
Authors: Sharma Suchinder K. , Beyer Jan , Gloaguen Richard , Heitmann Johannes
Published: November 2019

The adjustment of photoluminescence emission spectrum and an enhancement in the thermal stability of red/orange-red emitting phosphors is an important issue for the whole lighting industry.
Straightforward preparation of fluorinated covalent triazine frameworks with significantly enhanced carbon dioxide and hydrogen adsorption capacities
Authors: Wang Guangbo , Onyshchenko Yuliia , De Geyter Nathalie , Morent Rino , Leus Karen , Van Der Voort Pascal
Published: November 2019

Herein, we report the construction of a set of fluorinated microporous covalent triazine frameworks (FCTFs) with appropriate CO2-philic functionalities (N and F) and high porosities for effective gas adsorption and separation.
Copper complexes for the promotion of iminopyridine ligands derived from β-alanine and self-aldol additions: relaxivity and cytotoxic properties
Authors: Álvarez-Miguel Lucía , Álvarez-Miguel Inés , Martín-Álvarez Jose M. , Álvarez Celedonio M. , Rogez Guillaume , García-Rodríguez Raúl , Miguel Daniel
Published: November 2019

The template effect in K2(N,O) chelated Cu(ii) complexes can promote C–C or C–N coupling products.
Interfacial self-assembly engineering for constructing a 2D flexible superlattice polyoxometalate/rGO heterojunction for high-performance photovoltaic devices
Authors: Li Jianping , Wu Dai , Wang Chunlei , Liu Ding , Chen Weilin , Wang Xiaolan , Wang Enbo
Published: November 2019

The strategy of constructing a 2D flexible superlattice polyoxometalate/rGO heterojunction is proposed to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices.
Polar layered coordination polymers incorporating triazacyclononane-triphosphonate metalloligands
Authors: Liu Sheng-Bo , Bao Song-Song , Zheng Li-Min
Published: November 2019

Polar layered metal phosphonates Zn2Fe(notp)Cl(H2O) (1) and ZnCo(notpH)(H2O)·2H2O (2) are reported. The polar nature is confirmed by dielectric measurements. Both compounds show moderate proton conductivities at room temperature and 95% relative humidity.
Synthesis, characterization, kinetic investigation and biological evaluation of Re(i) di- and tricarbonyl complexes with tertiary phosphine ligands
Authors: Gantsho Verity Lindy , Dotou Mazzarine , Jakubaszek Marta , Goud Bruno , Gasser Gilles , Visser Hendrik Gideon , Schutte-Smith Marietjie
Published: November 2019

Kinetics of Re(i) complexes illustrated the ability to ‘tune’ the metal centre; phosphine-based complexes were more stable and more cytotoxic.
Two low-dimensional metal halides: ionothermal synthesis, photoluminescence, and nonlinear optical properties
Authors: Deng Yuandan , Dong Xuehua , Yang Meng , Zeng Hongmei , Zou Guohong , Lin Zhien
Published: November 2019

An organic–inorganic hybrid metal halide with a chain-like structure has been prepared under ionothermal conditions, which shows a large second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency.
Dopant-free molecular hole transport material that mediates a 20% power conversion efficiency in a perovskite solar cell
Authors: Cao Yang , Li Yunlong , Morrissey Thomas , Lam Brian , Patrick Brian O. , Dvorak David J. , Xia Zhicheng , Kelly Timothy L. , Berlinguette Curtis P.
Published: November 2019

Organic molecular hole-transport materials (HTMs) are appealing for the scalable manufacture of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because they are easier to reproducibly prepare in high purity than polymeric and inorganic HTMs.
Enabling an atom-economic production of chiral amino alcohols by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes
Authors: Gao Wei-Ting , Chen Qing , Du Ming-Gu , Zhang Wei-Ming , Cao Chang-Yan , Song Wei-Guo
Published: November 2019

Along with catalytic hydrogenation, producing pure chiral amino alcohols with a perfect atom economy is achieved by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes.
Safer-by-design biocides made of tri-thiol bridged silver nanoparticle assemblies
Authors: Marchioni Marianne , Veronesi Giulia , Worms Isabelle , Ling Wai Li , Gallon Thomas , Leonard Didier , Gateau Christelle , Chevallet Mireille , Jouneau Pierre-Henri , Carlini Laura , Battocchio Chiara , Delangle Pascale , Michaud-Soret Isabelle , Deniaud Aurélien
Published: November 2019

A tri-thiol bio-inspired ligand triggers thiol-mediated silver nanoparticle assemblies. This novel nanomaterial delivers an amount of Ag(i) sufficient for biocidal activity but no release of AgNPs that makes it a safer solution for future applications.
A 3D porous FeP/rGO modulated separator as a dual-function polysulfide barrier for high-performance lithium sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhang Yingge , Wang Yange , Luo Rongjie , Yang Ya , Lu Yang , Guo Yan , Liu Xianming , Cao Shixun , Kim Jang-Kyo , Luo Yongsong
Published: November 2019

A strong physical and chemical synergistic adsorption-catalysis-functional effect from FPG was confirmed via comprehensive experiments and theoretical analysis within LSBs.
Insights into the mechanisms of Cu(i)-catalyzed heterocyclization of α-acyl-α-alkynyl ketene dithioacetals to form 3-cyanofurans: the roles of NH4OAc
Authors: Yuan Binfang , Tang Zhenjie , Lin Yinhe , Wang Guangzhao , Fang Luqiu , Guo Xiaogang , Zhao Youli , Xie Xiaohua , Chen Jinyang , He Rongxing
Published: November 2019

NH4OAc is decomposed into NH3 and HOAc, and both NH3 and HOAc as the proton shuttle can prompt catalytic reactions.
Red mud modified with graphene oxide for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance towards the degradation of antibiotics
Authors: Ren Hong-ji , Tang Yu-bin , Shi Wei-long , Chen Fang-yan , Xu Yu-song
Published: November 2019

The red mud/graphene oxide composite photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic activity were prepared through a simple ultrasonic mixing method.
Catalytic NO reduction by CO over ceria–cobalt oxide catalysts
Authors: Niu Xiaoran , Lei Zuotao , Yang Chunhui
Published: November 2019

The effectiveness of the tandem catalysts was verified by a combination of Co98Ce2for low temperature reactions and Co15Ce85for high temperature reactions.
An experimental and theoretical study of metallorganic coordination networks of tetrahydroxyquinone on Cu(111)
Authors: Carlotto Silvia , Mohebbi Elaheh , Sedona Francesco , Lo Cicero Matteo , Colazzo Luciano , Mariani Carlo , Betti Maria Grazia , Sambi Mauro , Casarin Maurizio
Published: November 2019

DFT modeling of STM and XAS evidences investigated the adsorption of THQ@Cu(111) that generates different ordered configurations at different temperatures.
Vanadium science: chemistry, catalysis, materials, biological and medicinal studies
Authors: Crans Debbie C. , Gambino Dinorah , Etcheverry Susana B.
Published: November 2019

Welcome to this New Journal of Chemistry themed issue entitled “Vanadium Science: Chemistry, Catalysis, Materials, Biological and Medicinal Studies”.
Physicochemical-property guided design of a highly sensitive probe to image nitrosative stress in the pathology of stroke
Authors: Cheng Juan , Li Dan , Sun Meiling , Wang Yi , Xu Qiao-Qin , Liang Xing-Guang , Lu Yun-Bi , Hu Yongzhou , Han Feng , Li Xin
Published: November 2019

A brain–blood barrier permeable probe was developed for fluorogenically sensing nitrosative stress caused by brain vascular injury.
Effect of gelation on the Frank elastic constants in a liquid crystalline mixture exhibiting a twist bend nematic phase
Authors: Sridurai Vimala , Kanakala Madhu B. , Yelamaggad C. V. , Nair Geetha G.
Published: November 2019

The random gel network fibers formed in the nematic phase develop into directional microstructures in the twist bend nematic.
Long non-coding RNA TCONS_00000200 as a non-invasive biomarker in patients with intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Wu Chenghan , Song Hailong , Wang Yinzhou , Gao Lili , Cai Yali , Cheng Qiong , Chen Yanru , Zheng Zheng , Liao Yuansheng , Lin Jushan , Xie Buni , Cai Weiwu , Li Shiju , Liao Lianming , Yan Xiaohua
Published: November 2019

We performed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) microarray assay to identify lncRNAs with differential expression between patients with intracranial aneurysm (IA) and healthy control individuals to evaluate their potential use as biomarkers of IA. Arraystar Human lncRNA Microarray v3.0 was performed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in plasma samples (4 ml). lncRNAs with the most pronounced differential expression were used to select gene markers, and results were validated by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Plasma levels of TCONS_00000200 (fold change: 2.28) and ENST00000511927 (fold change: 2.50) were significantly higher in IA patients than in healthy individuals (P<0.001), and plasma levels of ENST00000421997 (fold change: 0.45) and ENST00000538202 (fold change: 0.43) were significantly lower in IA patients than in healthy individuals (P<0.001). qRT-PCR confirmed the same trends of up- and down-regulation of these four lncRNAs. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for TCONS_00000200 showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.963 (95% confidence interval, 0.919–1.000), optimal cut-off point was 0.0081, sensitivity was 90.0%, and specificity was 96.7%. These results indicate that the lncRNA TCONS_00000200 is differentially expressed in the plasma of IA patients and could serve as a biomarker of IA.
Forward modeling of galaxy kinematics in slitless spectroscopy
Authors: Outini M. , Copin Y.
Published: November 2019

Context. Slitless spectroscopy has long been considered a complicated and confused technique. Nonetheless, with the advent of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) instruments, characterized by a low sky background level and a high spatial resolution (most notably WFC3), slitless spectroscopy has become an adopted survey tool to study galaxy evolution from space.

Aims. We aim to investigate its application to single-object studies to measure not only redshift and integrated spectral features, but also spatially-resolved quantities such as galaxy kinematics.

Methods. We built a complete forward model to quantitatively compare actual slitless observations. This model depends on a simplified thin cold disk galaxy description – including flux-distribution, intrinsic-spectrum, and kinematic parameters – and on the instrumental signature. It is used to improve redshifts and constrain basic rotation curve parameters, meaning the plateau velocity v0 (in km s−1) and the central velocity gradient w0 (in km s−1 arcsec−1).

Results. The model is tested on selected observations from 3D-HST and GLASS surveys to estimate redshift and kinematic parameters on several galaxies measured with one or more roll angles.

Conclusions. Our forward approach makes it possible to mitigate the self-contamination effect, a primary drawback of slitless spectroscopy, and therefore has the potential to increase precision on redshifts. In a limited sample of well-resolved spiral galaxies from HST surveys, it is possible to significantly constrain galaxy rotation curve parameters. This proof-of-concept work is promising for future large slitless spectroscopic surveys, such as Euclid and WFIRST.
Development of a control-oriented power plant simulator for the molten salt fast reactor
Authors: Tripodo Claudio , Di Ronco Andrea , Lorenzi Stefano , Cammi Antonio
Published: November 2019

In this paper, modelling and simulation of a control-oriented plant-dynamics tool for the molten salt fast reactor (MSFR) is presented. The objective was to develop a simulation tool aimed at investigating the plant response to standard control transients, in order to support the system design finalization and the definition of control strategies. The simulator was developed employing the well tested, flexible and open-source object-oriented Modelica language. A one-dimensional modelling approach was used for thermal-hydraulics and heat transfer. Standard and validated thermal-hydraulic Modelica libraries were employed for various plant components (tubes, pumps, turbines, etc.). An effort was spent in developing a new MSR library modelling the 1D flow of a liquid nuclear fuel, including an ad-hoc neutron-kinetics model which properly takes into consideration the motion of the Delayed Neutron Precursors along the fuel circuit and the consequent reactivity insertion due to the variation of the effective delayed fractions. An analytical steady-state 2-D model of the core and the fuel circuit was developed using MATLAB in order to validate the Decay Neutron Precursors model implemented in the plant simulator. The plant simulator was then employed to investigate the plant dynamics in response to three transients (variation of fuel flow rate, intermediate flow rate and turbine gas flow rate) that are relevant to control purposes. Simulation outcomes highlight the typical reactor-follows-turbine behavior of the MSFR, and they show the small influence of fuel and intermediate flow rate on the reactor power and their strong effects on the temperatures in their respective circuits. Starting from the insights on the reactor behavior gained from the analysis of its free dynamics, the plant simulator here developed will provide a valuable tool in support to the finalization of the design phase, the definition of control strategies and the identification of controlled operational procedures for reactor startup and shutdown.
Online monitoring and diagnosis of high voltage circuit breaker faults: feature extraction analysis of vibration signals
Authors: Li Long , Xiao Jianfeng , Wu Bin , Zhou Mengge , Wang Qian
Published: November 2019

The development of power grid system not only increases voltage and capacity, but also increases power risk. This paper briefly introduces the feature extraction method of the vibration signal of high voltage circuit breaker and support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and then analyzed the high voltage circuit breaker in three states: normal operation, fixed screw loosening and falling of opening spring, using the SVM based on the above feature extraction method. The results showed that the accuracy and precision rates of fault identification of circuit breaker were the highest by using the wavelet packet energy entropy extraction features, the false alarm rate was the lowest, and the detection time was the shortest.
The WASh Trial: water-assisted sigmoidoscopy in the English Bowel Scope Screening Programme: study protocol for a randomized multicenter trial
Authors: Beintaris Iosif , Esmaily Shiran , Saunders Brian P. , Rees Colin J. , Von Wagner Christian , Tsiamoulos Zacharias , Hoare Zoe , Evans Rachel , Yeo Seow Tien , Edwards R. T. , Larkin Tony , Veitch Andrew , Chilton Andrew , Bramble Michael G. , Deane Jill , Rutter Matthew D.
Published: November 2019

Background and study aims The English National Bowel Scope Screening Programme (BSSP) invites 55-year-olds for a one-off, unsedated flexible sigmoidoscopy (FSIG). Data from BSSP participant-reported experience studies shows 1 in 3 participants report moderate or severe discomfort. Water-assisted colonoscopy (WAS) may improve participants’ comfort. The primary objective of this study is to ascertain if post-procedural participant-assessed pain is reduced in WAS compared with carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation, in invitees undergoing FSIG in BSSP.

Patients and methods This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, two-arm, single-blinded trial designed to evaluate the performance of WAS versus CO2 insufflation in BSSP. Participants will be randomized to either CO2 or WAS and will be asked to rate pain post-procedure. Key procedure-related data will be analyzed, including adenoma detection rates (ADR) and degree of sigmoid looping. A cost-effectiveness analysis of WAS versus CO2 and a discrete choice experiment exploring preferences of participants for attributes of sigmoidoscopy will also be performed.

Discussion This is the first trial in the United Kingdom (UK) to investigate the effects of WAS in a screening setting. If the trial shows WAS either reduces pain or increases ADR, this may result in a practice change to implement WAS in screening and non-screening endoscopic practice directly impacting on 256,000 people a year who will undergo BSSP FSIG by 2020.

Trial funding came from National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Research for Patient Benefit (RfPB) supported by the NIHR Clinical Research Network. The trial is actively recruiting. ID: 35866 ISRCTN: 81466870
Maternal Overweight, Inflammation and Neurological Consequences for the Preterm Child: Results of the ELGAN Study
Authors: Brodowski Lars , Büter Wolfgang , Kohls Fabian , Hillemanns Peter , von Kaisenberg Constantin , Dammann Olaf
Published: November 2019

Maternal overweight and obesity are prenatal risk factors for obstetrical complications, preterm birth, neonatal morbidity as well as cognitive and behavioural developmental disorders in children. Paediatric morbidity and mortality as well as child development disorders are significantly associated with maternal obesity. Particularly in the neurodevelopmental and psychiatric area, it is becoming increasingly clear that, in children of mothers with an increased body mass index (BMI), there is a high correlation with childhood cognitive disabilities, attention disorders, and diseases on the autistic spectrum. The ELGAN (Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn) study is a multicentre study which has been supported since 2000 by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and whose objective is to research predictors for neonatal brain damage and neurological-cognitive sequelae in premature infants. The areas of focus are the connection between maternal overweight and obesity and pregnancy complications, APGAR scores and systemic inflammatory markers. In this overview, our aim is to summarise the work in this area and discuss it critically on the basis of current literature. We will examine the hypothesis whether maternal overweight and obesity in terms of a chronic inflammatory state is associated with neonatal inflammation which in turn is associated with an unfavourable development prognosis.
Pathogenese und Therapie der nicht arteriitischen anterioren ischämischen Optikusneuropathie
Authors: van Oterendorp Christian , Lagrèze Wolf A. , Feltgen Nicolas
Published: November 2019

Die nicht arteriitische anteriore ischämische Optikusneuropathie (NAION) ist eine akute Sehnervendegeneration, deren Pathogenese in großen Teilen unerforscht ist. Für sie existiert derzeit keine allgemein akzeptierte Behandlungsmöglichkeit. Die Etablierung von AION-Tiermodellen sowie die Ergebnisse größerer epidemiologischer Studien ermöglichten es in den vergangenen Jahren, ein besseres Verständnis der Pathophysiologie und möglicher Einflussfaktoren zu gewinnen. Basierend auf diesen Erkenntnissen testeten und testen klinische und tierexperimentelle Studien eine große Bandbreite möglicher Behandlungsansätze. Unabhängig von ihrem jeweiligen Ergebnis können diese Untersuchungen unser Verständnis der NAION erheblich erweitern und auch für andere Sehnervendegenerationen von großer Bedeutung sein.