bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural disaster management in tourist destinations: a systematic literature review
Authors: Estevão Cristina , Costa Carlos
Published: February 2022

While tourism plays an extremely important role, both as a competitive tool and as a driver of regional development, there are nevertheless events that take place beyond the control of tourism destinations and that may jeopardise their attractiveness. Within this scope, the relationship between tourism and natural disasters has been subject to study within the framework of different fields of knowledge. However, there is a shortcoming in the analysis on the strategies and operational guidelines for the management of tourism destinations in the wake of natural disaster with this constituting the major contribution of this study. We undertook a systematic review of the literature on this theme featured in the Web of ScienceTM Core Collection and Scopus databases and adapting the protocol PRISMA with the keywords “Tourism” & “Disaster” & “Natural” in order to select the articles for review. The results, among others, allowed us to identify the existence of several distinct natural disasters in countries of the various continents of the world, with very compromising impacts and consequences for the attractiveness of any tourist destination. Planning, marketing, trust, cooperation and resilience are some of the strategies and guidelines implemented by the management of a tourist destination after a natural disaster.
A motivation-based segmentation of Italian Airbnb users: an exploratory mixed method approach
Authors: Chiappa Giacomo , Sini Luca , Atzeni Marcello
Published: February 2022

Existing studies applying a motivation-based segmentation of Airbnb users are still limited and mainly concentrated in the US; even less are studies applied in the European context. This paper applies an exploratory mixed method approach in Italy, where no study has been published around this research area so far. A qualitative study based on 26 in-depth interviews was carried out to verify if Italians are driven by the same motivations that have been identified by existing literature. Qualitative findings were then used to inform, complemented with a review of the existing literature, to design a survey instrument to collect data. Hence, a factor-cluster analysis was run to profile a sample of 247 Italians based on their motivations to use Airbnb, and a series of chi-square tests was run to investigate whether significant differences exist among clusters based on socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, marital status, level of education, employment status, and annual income). Three clusters were identified (“Enthusiastic Airbnb lovers”, “Pragmatic Airbnb users” e “Pragmatic authenticity seekers”) with significant differences only based on marital status, level of education and employment status. Contributions to the body of knowledge and managerial implications are discussed and suggestions for further research are given.
Destination image perceived by domestic tourists: The influence of Generation Gap
Authors: Seabra Cláudia , Pereira Andreia , Silva Carla , Abrantes José , Reis Manuel , Paiva Odete
Published: February 2022

The first type of tourism was essentially domestic. However, tourist activities have become a major trend lately, particularly in some locations. According to UNWTO (2016), domestic tourism involves an estimated volume of 5 to 6 billion tourists across the whole world. As a result, some destinations consider it imperative to promote and develop domestic tourism, since it represents an important input to local and national economy. Notwithstanding these facts, most actions taken and research conducted focus on international tourists.An empirical study involving 622 domestic tourists reveals that the main cognitive destination image dimensions are Simplicity and Authenticity, Good Environment, Relaxation and Socialization, Good Infrastructures, Nostalgia and History and Culture. Regarding the affective attributes, most tourists in the sample have strong positive feelings regarding the visited destination. In addition, results prove that those tourists’ generational differences influence the way they build the cognitive and affective images of a certain destination. The discussion focuses on the kind of implications tourism destinations may have for Management and Marketing.
The impact of ethical leadership on counterproductivity among cabin crews
Authors: Bouzari Mona , Safavi Homayoun , Vatankhah Sanaz
Published: February 2022

Underpinned by signalling theory, this study develops and tests a research model that posits personjob fit and person-organization fit as the mediators in the relationship between ethical leadership and counterproductive work behaviour. Through a quantitative research method and judgmental sampling, data were collected from 192 flight attendants in the private and public airline companies in Iran in three different waves. To control common method variance, this study applied procedural and statistical remedies. The results emerging from this study show that implementing ethical leadership behaviours by airline managers sends signals concerning ethical values of the organization among cabin crews which results in greater perceived ethical values fit in terms of person-organization and person-job fit. Cabin crews, who perceive high levels of fit with the job and the airline, are less expected to involve in counterproductive work behaviour. The study discusses theoretical implications and provides useful recommendations for managers in the airline industry.
Delving into the Role of Celebrity Chefs and Gourmets in Culinary Destination Marketing
Authors: Demirkol Sehnaz , Cifci Ibrahim
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to explore the role of celebrity chefs and gourmets in culinary destination marketing based on the perceptions of celebrity chefs and gourmets. Drawing on qualitative data collected through 20 semi-structured interviews with celebrity chefs and gourmets in Turkey, the findings highlight the role of these celebrities in culinary destination marketing. This role is shaped through three key interconnected dimensions; namely, provocativeness, credibility, and supportiveness. The study is among the first attempts to explore, in an integrated manner, the role of celebrity chefs and gourmets from a destination marketing perspective. The study makes several theoretical contributions and proposes practical implications for practitioners in both destinations and firm levels.
The impact of Serbian tourists' risk perception on their travel intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Perić Goran , Dramićanin Sandra , Conić Momčilo
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Serbian tourists’ risk perception on their intentions to travel during the COVID-19 pandemic with the control of socio-demographic characteristics. This research was conducted in the period from 18 May until 24 May 2020, on a sample of 348 respondents, through an online questionnaire. The principal component analysis identified five categories of the perceived risk affecting travel intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic: the health risk, the psychological risk, the financial risk, the destination risk and the travel risk. Logistic regression was used to examine the way in which risk perception affects the intentions and destinations of travel during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research findings indicate that the risk perception (health, psychological, financial and destination risks) among Serbian tourists negatively affects their travel intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of travel destinations, the results indicate that the travel risk negatively affects travel abroad, while the health risk, being on the verge of significance, proved to be a predictor of travel abroad during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the variable of monthly income of the respondents was singled out as a significant predictor of travel abroad during the pandemic. Finally, the implications, limitations and recommendations for future research are presented in the paper.
Systematic review of meta-analysis studies in the tourism and hospitality literature
Authors: Ustunel Mehmet , Celiker Nuri , Guzeller Cem
Published: February 2022

Referred to as "the analysis of the analyses", meta-analysis has become a popular research area in the tourism and hospitality literature, as well as in many different fields of science. This great interest in meta-analysis has led to many meta-analysis studies in the tourism and hospitality literature; however, no general systematic perspective has been established for these studies. This paper examines the meta-analysis studies published in the tourism and hospitality literature via various parameters and presents a comprehensive classification. Because this paper uses a theoretical scope to systematically scrutinize meta-analysis studies conducted in the tourism and hospitality literature, it not only presents state-of-the-art research, it can also become a roadmap and reference for future researches.
Small-scale cultural festivals in Southern Europe: A motivation-based segmentation study
Authors: Giaccone Sonia , Galvagno Marco
Published: February 2022

This research deals with small-scale festivals based on local cultural traditions in a European setting. These festivals have at present been poorly studied in literature, although they may play an important role in tourist attractiveness and local development. The context of the study is the Maiorchino Festival, a community-based festival which takes place annually in Novara di Sicilia, a small rural-mountain town in Sicily (Italy). The research aims to segment festival attendees, based on motivations, and to understand the differences between clusters with regard to socio-demographic and behavioural variables. Data were collected through a survey conducted on the participants of the 2019 edition of the Maiorchino Festival. The analysis allowed four motivational factors to be identified, namely Novelty, Local culture experience, Festival attractiveness, Socialization, and to detect four clusters, based on attendee motivations, namely Escapers, Socialization lovers, Loyalists, Passionate about local traditions. The specific features of each cluster are described, satisfaction and intention to return measured. Finally, the findings, theoretical contributions and managerial implications of the paper are discussed.
Factors of digital payment adoption in hospitality businesses: A conceptual approach
Authors: Nuryyev Guych , Spyridou Anastasia , Yeh Simon , Lo Chen-Chang
Published: February 2022

Hospitality businesses might achieve a competitive advantage by adopting cryptocurrency payments. This study provides insight into the factors that influence hospitality businesses’ intention to use new digital payments based on a conceptual approach. One of the contributions to the literature is in integrating an external variable – perceived security – into the Technology Acceptance Model. Perceived security is considered a strong predictor for a new payment technology adoption. This study also contributes to the academic research by illuminating potential directions for future empirical research.
A process-based perspective of smart tourism destination governance
Authors: Errichiello Luisa , Micera Roberto
Published: February 2022

The tourism management literature has recently shown increasing interest in exploring the potential offered by the smart tourism destination initiative, conceived as the integrated use of ICT solutions for achieving greater efficiency and sustainability, enriching the tourist experience and boosting destination competitiveness. However, innovative technologies risk to be ineffective without adequate governance structures that are required to ensure the effective coordination and integration of tourism firms, government and communities in implementing a holistic smart-oriented development plan for destinations. This paper aims to integrate the recent smart approach with the destination governance theory to develop a governance process framework for smart tourism destinations. The framework explains how the smart approach can inform the planning and implementation of smart development goals, and specifically how smartness principles, tools and methods can be applied to increase the sustainable competitiveness of destinations beyond the mere technology dimension, making explicit the role of collaborative structures, user-driven services, social innovation and local community involvement. At the theoretical level, the paper offers an integrative perspective for designing and implementing effective smart tourism destination governance structures and processes. In practical terms, the framework can be viewed as a flexible tool in the hands of destination managers and policy makers: it shows how to match the design of governance structures and processes with the specific destination context and how to exploit “smart dimensions” for its development by relying on an incremental logic based on subsequent, interdependent stages.
Assessing tourist satisfaction in the azores: a microeconometric approach
Authors: Gomes de Menezes António , Vieira José , Carvalho Jeana
Published: February 2022

This paper uses a new micro-survey on a representative sample of tourists who visited the Azores, an emerging Portuguese Archipelago tourist destination, to quantify the determinants of tourist satisfaction, the intention to revisit the destination and the likelihood of recommending the destination to friends and relatives. To do so we employ a microeconometric ordered probit model. The econometric results are statistically valid and economically important, since they uncover significant and heterogeneous responses which vary according to the tourists’ socio-demographic profiles, as well as trip attributes, among other factors. Our results allow policymakers and tourism economic agents alike to tailor policies aimed at increasing tourist satisfaction, repeat visitation rates and recommendation rates.
COVID-19 and the emergence of quarantine tourism
Authors: Musyck Bernard , Kabykenov Dias , Webster Craig
Published: February 2022

During 2020, quarantine tourism, a new form of tourism, was born due to the political reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic. Those repatriated to their country of residence (often they were students studying abroad) were compelled to be quarantined (typically two weeks) in a hotel facility then monitored in order to slow the spread of the virus to the country’s general population. In this article, the authors explore how this form of tourism came into being and how Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and the two political entities on the island of Cyprus dealt with people coming into the country and the organization of quarantines for those repatriated. The findings, based upon interviews with managers in the hospitality industry and secondary sources, show that governments in some cases took an active role, while local and central government activity varied a great deal in the cases investigated. However, all cases show that there was a strong sense of corporate social responsibility that made managers and owners feel compelled to assist in combatting the COVID-19 when assisting repatriated persons.
Airbnb listings’ performance: determinants and predictive models
Authors: Kirkos Efstathios
Published: February 2022

The present study analyzes Airbnb listings’ performance in terms of occupancy rate, number of bookings and revenue, by employing data mining methodologies. The research objective is twofold, to highlight the strongest determinants that influence customer’s purchase intentions and to propose reliable models capable of predicting the listings’ performance. The data set refers to the Airbnb market of Thessaloniki, Greece and contains explanatory variables about the hosts, lodgings, rules and quests’ ratings. Elaborated inducers derived from Artificial Intelligence are used as analytical tools. The interpretable models, sensitivity analysis and a proposed complex wrapper estimator provide evidence about the significance of specific explanatory variables and highlight the central role of the host. Random Forest outperforms its competitors and is proposed as the suitable classifier for the specific domain. The results and conclusions can be useful to individual hosts, professional listings’ managers, as well as legislative and taxation authorities.
The role of social organisations in the promotion of recreation and tourism activities for people with special needs
Authors: Carneiro Maria João , Alves Joana , Eusébio Celeste , Saraiva Liliana , Teixeira Leonor
Published: February 2022

Although leisure and tourism are recognised as rights for all people, many people with special needs (PwSN) still have very limited opportunities for participating in these activities. Social organisations (SO) are potential mediators between the tourism industry and this market, especially for reducing barriers to participation. However, there is a lack of research on the role these organisations perform as facilitators of access to leisure and tourism. This paper aims to identify the difficulties faced and strategies adopted by SO when developing recreation and tourism activities, as well as the benefits of these activities for PwSN. A qualitative approach was adopted, namely semi-structured interviews with representatives of Portuguese SO working with PwSN. The findings highlight that Portuguese SO have had a dynamic and proactive behaviour in the development of recreation and tourism activities, contributing to increased access of PwSN to tourism activities, especially for people belonging to socially and economically disadvantaged groups. However, the results also show that SO face several constraints, specifically financial constraints, lack of specialised human resources and the lack of suitable tourism supply (e.g. accommodation, transportation) for this market. The paper ends with strategies that these organisations may adopt to cope with these constraints.
The impact of advertising creativity on purchase intention in the airline industry: A stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) perspective
Authors: Sarılgan Ali Emre , AKAN Şahap , Bakır Mahmut , Süleç Havane
Published: February 2022

This study aims to understand the impact of advertising creativity on purchase intention in the airline industry. To this end, drawing on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework, the associations among advertising creativity, attitude toward advertising, flow experience, and purchase intention were investigated. Utilizing a total sample of 174 respondents in Turkey, the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach was adopted to testing the research model. The results suggest that advertising creativity significantly affects purchase intention, attitude toward advertising, and flow experience. On the other hand, flow experience has no significant effect on purchase intention. Furthermore, attitude toward advertising mediates the relationship between advertising creativity and purchase intention.
Diverse networks in regional tourism: ties that foster and hinder the development of rural-urban tourism collaboration in Estonia
Authors: Pilving Tarmo , Kull Tiiu , Suškevics Monika , Viira Ants-Hannes
Published: February 2022

This study investigates the collaborative ties between rural and urban tourism enterprises and their networks in the post-communist Pärnu region of Estonia. For that, two research questions were answered: what is the nature of collaborative ties between entrepreneurs and sub-networks in a tourist region and how different ties between regional tourism networks foster and hinder the development process of rural-urban tourism network? This study bases on stakeholder theory, actor-network theory, social network analysis, and social network theory, uses multi- grounded theory as a methodology, and qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with the regional tourism actors. Results indicate mutually beneficial relationships between prominent and small urban enterprises. Prominent urban enterprises gain by services offered by small enterprises, the latter benefit by the visitors brought in the town by the big ones. Regular collaboration is a common practice among rural enterprises. However, a collaboration between rural and urban entrepreneurs and networks at the regional level is minimal. However, some collaborative ties between tourism enterprises in a regional network exist between urban and rural entrepreneurs in different collaboration levels. The urban tourism network influences regional tourism much more than rural networks does.
The relationship between tourist nationality, cultural orientation and nature-based tourism experiences
Authors: Vespestad May , Mehmetoglu Mehmet
Published: February 2022

This study sets out to explore how tourist nationalities with dissimilar cultural orientation differ in their evaluation of nature-based tourism experiences. For this purpose 679 tourists in Norway responded to a questionnaire on nature-based tourism experiences. Furthermore, 20 nationalities are segmented along a collectivism-individualism continuum (C-I-C). The resulting segments are then compared based on their perception of an overall nature-based tourism experience, which in this study is operationalized in terms of three dimensions; experience, motive and activity. The results show segments that can be divided into high individualism and high collectivism (and a mid- segment). The segments diverge significantly on the evaluation of the overall nature-based tourism experience. For instance, the collectivistic tourist nationalities place more importance on entertainment, whereas individualistic tourist nationalities emphasize nature, and more frequently participate in hiking. Additionally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Who came first – Dracula or the Tourist? New Perspectives on Dracula Tourism at Bran Castle
Authors: Huebner Anna
Published: February 2022

The emergence of the Dracula figure within popular culture has caused strong associations to vampire myths with the Romanian region of Transylvania. Bran Castle, set on the southern borders to Walachia has somewhat become a centre for ‘Dracula Tourism’, being connected not only to the fictional Dracula, but increasingly also to the historical legend of the ‘Dracul’ Vlad. In her study, Banyai (2010) examined post visitors’ images held of the Castle and the compliance of these images with tour guides on-site interpretations, identifying an imbalance between the images held and interpretations provided. This study takes its point of departure from her qualitative records and attempts a supra-analysis of these by further elaborating upon destination images being influenced by popular culture and by extending upon her framework when discussing visitors’ co-creations of experiences at Bran Castle. Findings reinforce the richness and variety of images held by visitors as well as by other stakeholders of tourism. It is furthermore highlighted that the discrepancy of images held may not necessarily need to be addressed since this rather adds to the overall experience and the contested space (some may even refer to this as the ‘mystic’ space) of Bran Castle. Rather, recommendations are made to better align images and servicescapes originating in the immediate surroundings with those represented at the Castle.
Sociological insights on residential tourism: host society attitudes in a mature destination
Authors: Mantecón Alejandro , Huete Raquel
Published: February 2022

This paper analyses the attitudes of residents in a region of the Spanish Mediterranean coast where tourism is mainly based on the building of second homes, often on a massive scale. A face-to-face survey (n=430) conducted within the Spanish population indicates that the ideological context in which residential tourism has developed with such intensity is contained in a framework of social legitimisation. However, it is possible to distinguish between two groups: the defenders, who tend to view the region as one that is essentially tourist in nature, and the critics, who place greater emphasis on the property dimension. The former tend to justify this process and its evolution by recognising the economic benefits it may bring, whereas the latter tend to question the socio-cultural and environmental costs of such development.
Tourist scams: exploring the dimensions of an international tourism phenomenon
Authors: Pearce Philip
Published: February 2022

Tourist scams exist in many countries and are a subset of the long standing research area concerned with crimes against tourists. In this paper it is suggested that a defining feature of the tourist scam is the initial involvement of the tourist in the activity either through their gullibility or personal desire for an unusual or easy gain. This paper locates tourist scams in the literature on crimes against tourists and reviews work on scams in order to develop a category scheme portraying these encounters. Data collected in Thailand provide examples of scams to underpin the construction of a scheme which identifies tourist service scams, general retail scams and social interaction scams. The attribution of responsibility literature is used to interpret how scam victims are seen. A role for international comparative studies is suggested to better explain and potentially limit scam practices.
Estimating the environmental attractions of rural tourism lodging units in La Gomera island, Spain
Authors: Santana-Jiménez Yolanda , M.Hernández Juan , Suárez-Vega Rafael
Published: February 2022

The environmental characteristics compound one of the main attractions of the tourism developed in rural areas. In this line, this paper seeks to identify the most relevant environmental attributes valued by the rural tourism market in La Gomera Island, Spain. The geographic peculiarities (climate and landscape) of this island make it an exceptional case study to analyse the role of the environmental factors in rural tourism. A hedonic price model has been estimated to obtain a quantitative measure of the relative weight of rural house attributes in the rental price. Geographical Information System (GIS) and Spatial Econometric techniques have been applied to compute environmental variables and get accurate estimations of the model, respectively. Results show the relevance of the climate conditions in the surroundings of the house for the rural tourism lodging market in La Gomera, and allow formulating some recommendations to public and private authorities in the design of promotional and investment policies in the sector. A similar procedure can be applied to other rural tourist destinations, where the required socioeconomic and geographic information is available.
What influences tourists’ overall holiday experience? Tourism company products versus destination products
Authors: Mehmetoglu Mehmet , Normann Øystein
Published: February 2022

There are as yet to our knowledge no systematic investigations comparing the effects of specific tourism company product and total destination product components on tourists’ experience. The current study addressed this particular issue, based upon a convenience sample of 867 tourists visiting Northern Norway in the summer of 2011. The study results indicated that the effect of the company product components was indeed much greater than that of the destination product on the tourists’ overall holiday experience. Further analysis revealed that three of the product components related to the tourism company (personnel, information, and product variety) and three of those related to the destination (transport to destination, accommodation, and restaurant/dining facilities) had a significant influence on the tourists’ overall holiday experience. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are also discussed.
66 RESEARCH PAPER Testing the relationship between product innovation and process innovation. A comparative analysis of tourism and manufacturing sectors
Authors: Guisado-González Manuel , Guisado-Tato Manuel , Rodríguez-Domínguez Maria
Published: February 2022

Innovation is a key issue for business competitiveness. The most popular kinds of innovation are product innovation and process innovation. The effect of both types of innovation within a company is seen in the specialist literature from two opposing views: the distinctive view, which considers that both kinds of innovation are independent, and the integrative view, which assumes the existence of complementarities between the two kinds of innovation. The aim of this paper is to explore which of the two approaches dominates the context of both the tourism sector and the Spanish manufacturing sector. With samples taken from the database of the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC 2008), two binary logistic regressions were conducted in two stages and a correlation test was performed with their residuals. The results show that each of the two types of innovation is independent.
Entrevista a los doctores en ciencias Héctor Osbaldo Rubio Arias y Rubén Alfonso Saucedo Terán, autores del libro “Normas básicas en la redacción de artículos técnico-científicos”
Authors: Rivera Figueroa César Humberto
Published: February 2022

¿Redactar escritos científicos es una tarea sencilla? Una breve reflexión sobre el ampliamente conocido refrán que se dice entre los colegas investigadores es aquel que establece que “la ciencia que no se ve está muerta”, invita a cuestionarnos si como científicos contribuimos al desarrollo de la ciencia y comunicamos por escrito, de manera oportuna y eficaz, los resultados de la investigación. Además, vale la pena preguntarnos quiénes conocen, valoran y aplican los conocimientos generados de nuestra investigación, es decir, qué nivel de impacto tiene cada una de nuestras publicaciones.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v1i1.41
Editorial
Authors: Rivera Figueroa Ph.D. César Humberto
Published: February 2022

La Revista TECNOCIENCIA Chihuahua, publicación arbitrada de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, fue dada a conocer a la comunidad científica el día 13 de febrero del presente año. A escasos meses de haberse presentado la publicación del primer fascículo e iniciado su distribución dentro y fuera de México, se ha creado una plataforma para la versión electrónica, la cual puede consultarse en la página web http://tecnociencia.uach.mx.
Editorial
Authors: Rivera Figueroa Ph.D. César Humberto
Published: February 2022

La salud de la población humana, especialmente en los países industrializados, se encuentra en riesgo. Factores tales como: la contaminación, estilo de vida sedentaria, estrés, consumo de alimentos hipercalóricos y altamente procesados, abuso del tabaco y alcohol, se han correlacionado con el desarrollo de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas que han alcanzado el nivel de pandemia.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v1i3.54
Seedling Morphology of Sida Acuta Burm. F. - A Medicinal Weed
Authors: Singh Ajai
Published: February 2022

In the present communication seedling morphology of Sida acuta Burm. f., a well known medicinal weed of tropics and subtropics have been highlighted. Seedlings have been observed for 24 days up to 5th leaf stage to record their morpho-taxonomic attributes and illustrated at different leaf stages. Seedling germination was Macaranga type. Paracotyledons were opposite, isocotylar, foliaceous, exstipulate, petiolate and persistent up to 7th leaf stage. Paracotyledon blade was deltoid-ovate, base rounded, apex obtuse, margins entire, both surface green and glabrous, venation acrodromous. First leaf single, simple, alternate, exstipulate and petiolate. Leaf petiole was green and pubescent, terete and channelled in cross section. Leaf blade was oval, base cuneate, apex acute, margins dentate, both surface sparsely hairy and venation cladodromous. Subsequent leaves same as that of first leaf but stipulate; stipules two, unequal in length.
Vertical echoes observations by S-band radar
Authors: AGARWAL O. P.
Published: February 2022

Narrow vertical echoes have been observed by the S-band cyclone warning radar at Bombay ,which has peak power of 1000 kW. These vertical echoes were observed upto the height of 18 km on the RHI-scope and were not continuously straight line but broken in between at definite places. Initially on some occasions these were reported as very high thunderstorm echoes, but on subsequent observation theses echoes were observed stationary having segment. Later on these echoes were observed on clear sky days and also associated with anomalous propogation. This study points to the cause as being that of side lobe radiation.
HEAT island studies at Delhi
Authors: BAHL H. D. , PADMANABHAMURTY B.
Published: February 2022

Mobile temperature surveys were conducted in Delhi during the winter months in the early hours m of 18 December 1976,29 Jauary1977, 26 February 1977 and 26 March1977. The surveys show the formation of heat island within the thickly populated walled city encompassing areas from Delhi Gate, Chandni Chowk to Ajmeri Gate. Secondary, Heat Island in the trans-Yamuna area and near Y usaf Sarai area in South Delhi are also found. The maximum temperature difference between the warmest part of the city and the coldest area of the suburb was nearly 5°C during December  which increased to nearly 7°C in the months January to March.
Comparative study of ground recharge rates in parts of Indo-Gangetic and Sabarmati alluvial plains
Authors: DATTA P.S. , DESAI B. I. , GUPTA S.K.
Published: February 2022

Tritium tracing data of soil moisture movement for groundwater recharge estimation from four river basins in India have been examined. Of the two commonly used empirical formulae, viz Amritsar and Chaturvedi formulae, the former gives   consistently higher estimate of groundwater recharge in all the four regions. The Chaturvedi formula gives reasonable estimates of groundwater recharge for sandy loam soils in parts of lndo-Gangetic plains, but gives significantly higher values of groundwater recharge for similar soils in Sabarmati basin. For each basin based on tritium tracing of soil moisture movement, empirical relations have been developed within parts of a basin. It is desirable to investigate each region individual.
Direct beam solar irradiance and illuminance
Authors: Chandra M.
Published: February 2022

In solving many practical problems, related to building etc correct assessment of direct beam Solar Irrandance and/or illumance is a necessary prerequisite. For this purpose computational methods' are usually adopted. Since 1940, When Parry Moon first collected and compared the necessary information and put them in usable from for, engineering applications, several studies on different aspects o f the subject have been made leading to new information. In the present paper more recent and reliable information on extra  terrestrial solar molecular and aerosol scattering of spectral energy, and the absorption of ozone, water vapour and carbon di oxide etc present in the terrestrial atmosphere, have been used to comput the spectra transmissivites and solar irradiance and illuminance normal to sun rays. The results presented in the form simple usuable curves, have been compared with other available data and some measured  values at Roorkee . It is believed that these will be useful from practical application point of view.
Time-mean atmospheric circulation and diabatic heating Over the Arian sea during July
Authors: SAHA KSHUDIRAM , SAHA SURANJANA
Published: February 2022

Using the four-year (1963-66) mean July meteorological data of the International Indian  Ocean Expedition, the study computes vertical motion and deduces vertical circulation cells over the Arabian Sea and surrounding areas. The data are also used along with computed vertical motion to compute diabatic heating using the heat balance equation. The results suggest that diabatic heating constitutes the main forcing mechanism for atmospheric circulation in the Arabian Sea region, even though thermal advection makes an appreciable, contribution to the heat budget especially over the western Arabian Sea. thereby validating the approximate relationship. Q/Cp~-- where Q is the rate of diabatic heating, Cp is the specific heat of air at constant pressure, is the vertical p-velocity and a is the static stability parameter. The computed vertical circulation cells (Walker, Hadley and monsoon) have their sinking branches Over the western and northern parts of the sea where there is strong diabatic cooling and subsidence and rising branches over the eastern part of the sea where strong diabatic heating due to precipitation in the monsoon trough zone forces enhanced convection. Strong subsidence over the western part of the sea may well help maintain the observed boundary layer processes such as low-level temperature inversion and the Somali jet.
On some aspects of monsoon onset over India
Authors: CHOWDHURY A. , MUKHOPADHYAY R. K. , SINHARAY K. C.
Published: February 2022

Study of data and nature of advance of monsoon into different parts is an interesting and challenging topic, since it is closely linked to success or failure of crops in India. In this study, dates of onset of monsoon for the period 1921-86 at 15 climatologically important stations were analysed. Attempt was also made to find out possible association between dates of onset and the southwest monsoon rainfall.

 

Late or early onset of monsoon, in general, was not found to provide any clue about the subsequent behavior of monsoon or the total rainfall during the season.
Climatological studies of tropical sea breeze at Tarapur
Authors: GERA B. S. , PAHWA D. R. , SINGAL S. P.
Published: February 2022

An analysis of the simultaneously observed sodar and tower data of the atmospheric boundary, the layer at Tarapur, a site near the seacoast on the Western Ghat range has been made. It has been found that a strong sea breeze blow during the months of January to May and October to December during the year. The onset times are around noon hours while the development of the internal boundary layer is up to 500 m. The capability of the sodar to detect the onset time and the height of the internal boundary layer is shown through a case study. The effects of the coriolis force prevailing gradient wind on the observed sea breeze circulation have Atlas for also been examined.
Crustal investigations and micro-earthquake survey along Hirapur, Jabaipur, Mandla profile using deep seismic sounding explosion data
Authors: MITTAL V. K. , BHATTACHARYA S.N. , SRIVASTAYA H.N.
Published: February 2022

The crustal structure around Hirapur, Jabalpur Mandla profile in the Madhya Pradesh region has been studied using the Deep Seismic Sounding (D.S.S.) explO31Ondata. Refraction studies have revealed that there is a two-layer crust. The top layer consists of 23 km of granite and 16 km of blastic layer in the region.

 

Using the velocity model deduced in this work, the hypocentral parameters of micro-earthquakes have been computed. It has been observed that although the seismic activity In the region has been very low during the period of observations and is limited to shadow depth, there IS Indication of a concentration of micro-earthquakes west of Jabalpur, close to Katangl fault which has been found to be deep seated from D.S.S. data.
Study of minimum temperatures employing Markov chainsStudy of minimum temperatures employing Markov chains
Authors: CHARANTONIS T. , LIAKATAS A.
Published: February 2022

Statistical analysis and prognosis is of minimum temperatures with reference to states-determining threshold values   employing also. Markov chains is   attempted for a citrus- growing area of Greece, In-state persistence and between-states transition probabilities of minimum temperatures are associated with common weather patterns.

 

Markov chains theory is shown to be a vigorous statistical tool allowing considerable (longer than week) predictability of minimum temperatures.
Middle atmospheric oscillation over India and its possible association with Indian summer monsoon
Authors: MUKHOPADHYAY R. K. , SARKAR T. K.
Published: February 2022

In this paper the middle atmospheric oscillations of the zonal wind in upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere have been analysed and studied using the rocket sonde wind data of Thumba and Balasore

 

It was observed that in the  mean, picture, t e semi-annual oscillation at on was predominant  in the equatorial  Indian region (i, e.,over Thumba ) while the annual wave was predominant over tropical Indian region (i.e over Balasore), During good monsoon year, a strong semi-annual wave over  tropical Indian region was observed . The amplitude of this semi-annual wave was also found to be significantly higher over the equatorial Indian region during good monsoon year, The study seem3 to reveal a close association of the middle atmospheric oscillations over India with the summer monsoon.
A quantitative approach for determining the movement of depression & cyclone
Authors: BHUSHAN BRIJ
Published: February 2022

It has been argued that centre of a well marked low pressure system (depression / cyclone) should theoretically move in the direction of vector    (dn/dt). The initial point of the vector is at the   centre of low pressure system from where the system moves to next position. Case studies on the depression of 3-8 July 1979 have stood the test of validity of this logic. While the direction of movement is dictated by the vector      (dn/dt), the corresponding speed scalar, C, could although be reasoned out to be proportional to difference between vorticity tendencies at the consecutive positions, but the data used here do not  support the reasoning.
An estimate of solar radiation over Bangladesh
Authors: HUSSAIN M. H. , CHOWDHURY S.A.
Published: February 2022

Globa1 solar radiation distribution over Bangladesh has been estimated with a modified Angstrom equation. Based on data for five; years at Dhaka, a regression formula has been derived for Bangladesh. This equation is then applied to sunshine and cloudiness data from 6 stations In Bangladesh for the computation of global solar radiation for the twelve months of a year.

 

Spatial distribution of global solar radiation is found to be nearly uniform over the whole country. Global solar radiation is seen to be maximum exceeding 19.68 MJm-2day-l in March-April and minimum, less than 12.56 MJm-2 day-l In January.

 

Values of outgoing long wave radiation for the twelve months of a year have been computed using Brunt's empirical equation and net radiation values calculated with an assumed value of albedo.

 

It is seen that the average short wave flux received by the country is less than 5860 MJm-2 year-1 while the average net radiation value is less than 4190 MJm-2 year-1.
Dual Role of Neck Disability Index in the Assessment of Quality of Life in Cervical Spine Patients
Authors: Cha Elliot D. K. , Lynch Conor P. , Geoghegan Cara E. , Jadczak Caroline N. , Mohan Shruthi , Singh Kern
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a well-established measure for patients with cervical myelopathy, radiculopathy, or myeloradiculopathy. Few studies have examined the relationship between NDI and mental health outcomes after anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF). Our study sets out to determine the possible correlations between NDI and mental health outcome measures after ACDF.

Methods:

A prospectively maintained surgical registry was retrospectively reviewed for elective ACDF procedures from December 2013 to December 2019. Demographic and perioperative characteristics were collected. Primary outcomes of interest were NDI, 12-Item Short Form Mental Component Summary (SF-12 MCS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Outcomes were collected preoperatively and postoperatively (6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years). Postoperative improvement for all outcomes was evaluated using a paired Student t-test. Correlations between NDI and mental health outcomes were evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Strength of association was determined using the following criteria: weak (0.1 ≤ |r| < 0.3), moderate (0.3 ≤ |r| < 0.5), and strong (|r| ≥ 0.5).

Results:

A total of 225 patients were included in this study. Most of the patients underwent a single-level procedure and had a spinal pathology of herniated nucleus pulposus. NDI demonstrated significant improvements through 2 years compared with preoperative values (all P < 0.001). Similarly, SF-12 MCS and PHQ-9 significantly improved through 1-year postoperatively (all P ≤ 0.010) but was not maintained at 2 years (P = 0.835; P = 0.128). NDI demonstrated a significant but moderate correlation with SF-12 MCS at the preoperative time point, but a strong correlation was observed at all postoperative time points (all P ≤ 0.001). A significant and strong correlation between NDI and PHQ-9 was demonstrated at all time points (all P ≤ 0.002).

Discussion:

NDI demonstrated notable and strong correlations with mental health outcome measures at all postoperative time points. NDI is an effective measure to assess neck disability but may also help capture changes to mental health symptoms after ACDF.
Social Media Use by Hand Surgery Fellowship Programs
Authors: Wilson Charlie D. , Scherry Haydn A. , Syed Mohammad A. , Hammonds Kendall A. P.
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

Social media has emerged as a useful tool in the fellowship recruitment process. We aimed to assess the prevalence of social media use among hand surgery fellowships, to analyze social media posts according to content, and to evaluate the level of engagement generated by specific content.

Methods:

We used a list of accredited hand surgery fellowships from the American Society for Surgery of the Hand Fellowship Directory to identify all hand surgery fellowship profiles on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Instagram was the most commonly used platform and thus the focus of this study. Two reviewers independently assessed all Instagram posts from each program and assigned content labels. We assessed the variability in content published by each program using a Monte Carlo estimation of an exact chi-square test. We calculated the level of engagement generated by each content label using the number of likes per post per number of account followers. We analyzed the variability in engagement using a Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results:

We identified 21 Instagram accounts from 89 fellowship programs (24%). Seventeen of 21 (81%) were created after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. There was significant variability in the scope of content published by each program (P < 0.0001) and in the level of engagement generated by each content label (P < 0.0001). Skills, conferences, fellow, case example(s), faculty, and team dynamics generated some of the most engagement. Logistics, miscellaneous, and facilities generated the least.

Discussion:

There is wide variability in the content produced by hand fellowship programs. Specific types of content generate more engagement from followers than others. This information may guide fellowship programs to produce the type of content potential applicants find most useful when making application and rank list decisions.