bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Different levels of microRNA expression (miR-30c-5p, miR-221-3p and miR-375-3p) in heart failure patients with preserved and reduced ejection fraction
Authors:   FSBEI HE BSMI of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa, Mustafina I.A. , Markelov V.A. ,   FSBEI HE BSMI of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa, Solntsev V.A. ,   FSBEI HE BSMI of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa, Danilko K.V. ,   FSBEI HE BSMI of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa, Zagidullin N.Sh. ,   FSBEI HE BSMI of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa
Published: January 2025

MicroRNAs are key regulators of gene expression controlling components of signaling cascades involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). The expression profile of microRNAs may serve as a sensitive indicator of different types of HF.
The aim of the present study was to compare the gene expression of microRNAs miR-148b-3p, miR-30c-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-328-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-375-3p, miR-22-3p, miR-15b-3p, miR-148a-3p, miR-590-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and epicardial adipose tissue of coronary heart disease (СHD) patients with and without HF (Non-HF).
Among СHD patients with HF, the groups with mildly reduced/reduced and preserved ejection fraction (HFmr/rEF and HFpEF, respectively) were compared. Our study revealed a significant increase in the expression of miR-30c-5p, miR-221-3p and miR-375-3p microRNAs in PBMCs of patients with HFmr/rEF and HFpEF compared with the group of СHD patients without HF. Accordingly, the relative level of miR-30c-5p expression in PBMC of HFF/EFV patients was significantly higher by 1.99 times in comparison with patients without HF (P<0.0001). The expression of this microRNA in PBMC of HFpEF patients relative to patients without HF is significantly higher by 2.94-fold (P<0.0001). The expression level of miR-221-3p in PBMC of HFpEF patients was increased 4.04-fold relative to patients without HF (P<0.0001). A 2.63-fold increase in miR-221-3p expression was detected in PBMC of HFmr/rEF patients (P<0.0001). The expression of miR-375-3p in PBMCs of HFmr/rEF and HFpEF patients compared with Non-HF patients was significantly higher by 2.09- and 1.77-fold (P<0.0001). For all other investigated microRNAs, no significant expression changes were detected in PBMC. Similarly, we did not detect significant expression changes for any of the investigated microRNA genes in the epicardial adipose tissue of CHD patients.
Thus, the obtained data can be used to determine the role of the investigated microRNAs in the pathogenesis of HF in СHD patients. The results of the present study can be used for further studies of HF pathogenesis. Accordingly, they can be used for the development of modern clinical strategies to assess the risk of HF development in СHD patients.
Keywords. Heart failure, preserved ejection fraction, reduced ejection fraction, microRNA.
Assessment of the quality of life of adolescents in Altai krai
Authors:   pediatrician, Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Devivje J.D. , Voronina E.A ,   Pediatrician, Altai State Medical University, Strozenko L.A. ,   MD, Professor, Department of Propaedeutics of Adolescents’s Diseases, Altai State Medical University, Dorokhov N.A. ,   PhD, Head of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Altai State Medical University, Skudarnov E.V. ,   MD, Professor of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Altai State Medical University
Published: January 2025

This article presents the results of the assessment of the quality of life of adolescents, aged fifteen to seventeen years, and the results of the assessment of the quality of life of adolescents by their parents, as revealed by the PedsQL-4.0 questionnaire for adolescents aged 13-18 years and their parents. The participants in this study were 126 adolescents, 63 girls and 63 boys, and 126 parents, respectively. The mean age of the adolescents questioned was 15.7+-0.72 years.
There were 6 blocks in this questionnaire - physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, school life, psychosocial health and a summative score which is represented by the average of the responses for all four blocks.
The results obtained are presented as mean value with confidence interval (CI) -95%.
The Shapiro-Wilk test tested the hypothesis of normality of the distribution of empirical data. This test evaluates the sample data with the null hypothesis that the data set is normally distributed. A value of p>0.05 indicated that the data set is normally distributed, a value of p<0.05 indicated that the data set is subject to non-normal distribution of the trait.
The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference between two independent non-normally distributed groups of data.
Differences were considered statistically significant at a significance level of p < 0.05.
In the final results of the self-assessed quality of life, the lowest scores were obtained on the “emotional functioning” and “life at school” scales, the highest on the “physical functioning” and “social functioning” scales, with significant low scores for girls on all scales except the “social functioning” scale, the trend of low scores was maintained when assessed by their parents.
When analyzing the indicators of quality of life assessment by parents of adolescents of different ages, a statistically significant difference was found only on the “emotional functioning” scale.
Keywords: quality of life, adolescents
Comparative analysis of statistical indicators of cervical cancer and their relations to the income of the population in the Arctic Zone of Russia in 2016-2022
Authors:   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Kononova I.V.
Published: January 2025

Taking into account the values of the cervical cancer (СС) statistics in the period 2016-2022 selected for the study - age-standardized incidence and mortality per 100 thousand population, deaths in the first year from the date of diagnosis and the relative quantity of patients registered alive with clinics for 5 years or more, the situation with СС in the State Entities of the Arctic zone of Russia (SE AZRF), with the exception of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, tends to continue to deteriorate, especially compared to the all-Russian. The growth of the standard of living in Russia and SE AZRF, estimated by the values of per capita money income and its ratio to the subsistence minimum, did not show an association with CC incidence and, unlike Russia as a whole, in SE AZRF is not associated with a significant decrease in CC mortality. The indicators of the standard of living in the six out of nine SE AZRF are positively correlated with the relative quantity of patients registered alive with clinics for 5 years or more. But in three SE AZRF, no association was found between CC indicators and the standard of living. Thus, at the current time, the population living in the TU AZRF continues to be in dire need of increasing the effectiveness of the healthcare system to fight against CC.
Keywords: health disparities, human papillomavirus, ethnic groups, indigenous population, North
Zinc(II) coordination polymers with 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoate linkers
Authors: Kodolitsch Katharina , Torvisco Ana , Kamencek Tomas , Mazaj Matjaz , Zojer Egbert , Slugovc Christian
Published: January 2025

Coordination polymers of zinc(II) with three readily accessible 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoate ligands are prepared by combining aqueous solutions of the ligands and zinc(II) salts, resulting in a precipitation of the respective coordination polymers. While sodium 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoate and sodium 3-(2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoate initially yield amorphous precipitates that can be converted to crystalline materials upon prolonged heating, the use of sodium 3-(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoate results in the immediate formation of a crystalline coordination polymer. All three coordination polymers were structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal water in one coordination polymer could be removed without losing the crystallinity of the sample and this process was studied by infrared spectrometry. The interpretation of the corresponding infrared spectra was supported by theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the solubility in water and buffer solutions as well as the potential porosity of the coordination polymers were investigated, revealing their non-porous character for CO2, N2 and CH4.
Data-driven Insights on the Impact of Functionalization on Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Free Energies
Authors: Fajardo-Rojas Fernando , Anderson Ryther , Li Mingwei , Chang Remco , Gomez-Gualdron Diego
Published: January 2025

Functionalization is poised to play a prominent role in MOF development as it could become the to-go strategy to bestow extant MOF with new properties, and to control MOF pore shape and size by modulating polymorph selection. Thus, to speed up MOF development through computational work, a better (predictive) understanding on how functionalization impacts MOF synthesizability is needed. Here we use a data-driven approach where molecular dynamics simulations on 5,000+ MOFs are used to shed light on how functionalization affects MOF free energy, as the latter has been largely tied to MOF synthesizability and polymorph selection. More consistently in MOFs with higher void fractions, we find that functionalization generally reduces free energy, with entropy contributing significantly to this thermodynamic stabilization. Although with some functionalizations (-CF3, -F, -Br, -SH, -OH) the role of entropy is more apparent than with others (-CN, -CH3, -NO2, -NH3). Through uneven stabilization of polymorphs, we also find functionalization (more often with -Br, -CN and -CF3) as capable of altering polymorph (topology) selection relative to original non-functionalized polymorphic families. However, no switch in polymorph stability ever occurred when the original (unfunctionalized) polymorphs were separated by more than 1.42 kJ/mol per MOF atom. We show that machine learning can predict functionalization-induced free energy change of a parent MOF with a mean absolute error of 0.16 kJ/mol per atom, using only physical properties of the parent MOF and the functional group as input. The ML-based SHAP analysis agrees with human analysis on the functionalization molecular mass and the hydrogen fraction of the parent MOF being among the factors that influence change in free energy the most. Finally, we present a publicly accessible dynamic interface to visualize and navigate the free energy data , thereby encouraging the research community to engage with and utilize the data to help uncover new insights.
Photocatalyst-Dependent Enantioselectivity in the Light-Driven Deracemization of Cyclic α-Aryl Ketones
Authors: Wang Justin , Villalona Eris , Knowles Robert
Published: January 2025

We report a photoredox-enabled deracemization of cyclic α-aryl ketones that occurs with high stereoselectivity and yield and proceeds by mechanistically distinct proton transfer reactions. This reaction is jointly mediated by a visible-light photocatalyst and a chiral phosphate base co-catalyst under blue light irradiation. Notably, the extent of deracemization for this reaction exhibits an unexpected dependence on the identity of the photocatalyst and the concentration of a chiral base co-catalyst, wherein the extent of deracemization can be increased by employing photocatalysts with more positive ground-state reduction potentials, raising the concentration of the chiral base co-catalyst, or by a combination of these factors. This effect is attributed to two competing processes, back electron transfer and deprotonation, that consume the same reaction intermediate, and we propose a kinetic model that rationalizes this behavior. We also demonstrate that the redox properties of the photocatalyst also impact the stereoselectivity of the product-forming step, which is the dominant stereoselective step in this transformation. Together, these mechanistic insights facilitate a deeper understanding of the complexity of light-driven deracemization reactions involving reversible electron transfer and suggest approaches by which the stereoselectivity of these processes may be increased.
Kinetically Enhanced Access to a Dynamic Polyester Platform via Sequence Selective Terpolymerisation of Elemental Sulfur Waste
Authors: Gallizioli Cesare , Deglmann Peter , Plajer Alex
Published: January 2025

Elemental sulfur, a waste product of the oil refinement process, contains preformed dynamic Sulfur-Sulfur bonds promising to impart dynamicity onto polymers obtained from this monomer. Yet robust methodologies to access linear polymers with tuneable properties and functionality are rare. Addressing these problems, we here report a rare sequence selective terpolymerisation of elemental sulfur with aromatic thioanhydrides and epoxides under simple lithium alkoxide catalysis yields semi-aromatic Poly(ester-alt-Sx). This enables access to terpolymers from a greatly improved range of epoxide comonomers compared to previous methodologies, including industrially relevant, flexible, rigid, functional and natural product derived variants allowing to tune glass transition temperatures across a Tg range of >150°C. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the insertion of S8 leads to an unusual rate acceleration via coordinative participation of the polyester links sitting adjacent to the propagating chain-end. The thermal stability of the polymers allows for post polymerisation backbone modification via -S-S- bond metathesis. After crosslinking these can be applied as thermally reprocessable and acid degradable adhesives, the performance of which can be enhanced via backbone editing. Our contribution paves the way for the rational buildup of diverse and functional polymer structures from elemental sulfur waste enabled by mechanistic understanding.
On the Origin of Amphiphilic Interfaces
Authors: Bin Jassar Mohammed , Pezzotti Simone
Published: January 2025

Solid/water interfaces are classified based on macroscopic textbook definitions of hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity. However, at the molecular level, increasing evidence reveals that whether an aqueous interface is hydrophobic or hydrophilic is not a binary question. Outlier interfaces that exhibit both hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics keep being dug out at a growing rate. These interfaces are strikingly diverse, ranging from metals to oxides, from conductors to insulators. We show that, despite their diversity, they can be united within a single family of systems with well-identified physical-chemical properties. In analogy to amphiphilic solutes, we name this family "amphiphilic interfaces”. Amphiphilic interfaces possess remarkable wetting and solvation properties, with exciting potential applications in heterogeneous catalysis, geochemistry, nanofluidics, and electrochemistry. To unravel the origin of their atypical behavior, we trace the domain of amphiphilic interfaces as a function of relevant surface properties through extensive molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings elucidate why amphiphilic behavior arises across such a broad spectrum of surfaces, providing a unified framework to rationalize — and in the future control — the many intriguing properties that we keep discovering for these unique systems.
Radical Sorting as a General Framework for Deaminative C(sp3)–C(sp2) Cross-Coupling
Authors: Chattapadhyay Deepta , Liu En-Chih , Diaz Mark Jeffrey , Maity Arunava , Bratten Benjamin A. , Michaudel Quentin
Published: January 2025

Radical-based transition-metal-catalyzed cross-couplings are invaluable tools in synthetic medicinal chemistry. Although carboxylic acids are now routinely used as radical precursors, an equally abundant class of building blocks—aliphatic primary amines—are not typically considered a starting point for radical coupling. We present a general method for deaminative cross-coupling relying on a dual-catalytic system that generates geminate pairs of non-identical alkyl radicals via photosensitization of unsymmetrical 1,2-dialkyldiazenes, then selectively engages the desired radical species in C(sp3)–C(sp2) bond formation. This Ni-mediated ‘radical sorting’ of geminate radical pairs is key in obtaining high yields and avoiding sideproducts. 1,2-dialkyldiazenes are prepared from diverse primary amines, including peptides and pharmaceutical intermediates, using a Sulfur(VI) Fluoride Exchange click linchpin. Mechanistic insights from this work open unique avenues for radical-based synthetic methodologies.
The Future of Nanomaterials in Manufacturing
Authors: Eyube Marvellous , Enuesueke Courage , Alimikhena Marvellous
Published: January 2025

Nanomaterials have emerged as a transformative force in manufacturing, driving significant advancements in efficiency, sustainability, and precision. This chapter provides a comprehensive examination of the evolving role of nanomaterials in modern manufacturing, highlighting their profound impact across critical industries, including electronics, energy, aerospace, and pharmaceuticals. It delves into the unique physicochemical properties of metallic, carbon-based, polymeric, and composite nanomaterials, which confer superior performance across diverse manufacturing applications. These properties, such as enhanced durability, thermal stability, and conductivity, are pivotal in the development of next generation manufacturing processes. The chapter also addresses the major challenges hindering the widespread adoption of nanomaterials, including scalability, high production costs, and environmental sustainability concerns. It critically evaluates innovative strategies, including green nanotechnology, hybrid systems, and self-healing materials, as potential solutions to these challenges. Furthermore, the future prospects of nanomaterials are explored, particularly their integration with Industry 4.0 paradigms. This includes the incorporation of artificial intelligence, robotics, and smart manufacturing systems, which collectively contribute to the creation of a more sustainable and intelligent manufacturing ecosystem. A detailed case study on advanced nanomaterial systems is presented to demonstrate their potential in addressing complex industrial challenges, offering valuable insights into practical applications. This chapter serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers, industry practitioners, and policymakers, providing essential perspectives on the future trajectory of nanomaterials in manufacturing.
Ultrastrong Coupling by Assembling Plasmonic Metal Oxide Nanocrystals in Open Cavities
Authors: Chang Woo Je , Roman Benjamin , Paul Tanay , Sakotic Zarko , Vora Priyansh , Kim Kihoon , Wasserman Daniel , Truskett Thomas , Milliron Delia
Published: January 2025

Plasmon polaritons created by coupling optical cavity modes with plasmonic resonances offer widely tunable frequencies and strong light-matter interaction. While metallic nanocrystals (NCs) are compelling building blocks, existing approaches for their photonic integration are not scalable, limiting systematic study and potential applications. Here, we assemble colloidal tin-doped indium oxide NCs in a straightforward Salisbury screen configuration to realize an 'open' cavity structure, where the infrared resonance frequencies of the NC assembly and the photonic mode are independently controlled and strongly coupled. By modeling each NC layer as an effective medium, we designed cavities with plasmon-polariton spectra tuned to target frequencies, for example approximating the two atmospheric transparency windows. NCs with varying ligands and doping concentrations can be stacked in the assemblies to customize the spectral lineshape and control the spatial distribution of the electric near-field within the assembly. We anticipate applications in chemosensing and photonic technologies.
Enantioconvergent Negishi Cross-Coupling of Racemic sec-Alkylzinc Reagent with Aryl Halides Enabled by Bulky N-Heterocyclic CarbenePd Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Jia-Wen , Wu Hongli , Shen Di , Wu Rong-Kai , Wang Zi-Chao , Hong Xin , Shi Shi-Liang
Published: January 2025

Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have revolutionized synthetic approaches for forging C-C bonds. However, catalytic enantioconvergent couplings of racemic secondary organometallics with aryl electrophiles remain a significant challenge. We herein describe a rare Pd-catalyzed enantioconvergent coupling of sec-alkylzinc reagents with aryl halides, providing a range of enantioenriched 1,1-diarylalkane products in excellent yield (up to 99%) and high enantioselectivity (up to 95.5:4.5 er). The reaction showed broad substrate scope, and excellent functional group tolerance and was efficiently applied to modification of pharmaceutically relevant molecules. The use of a bulky C2-symmetric chiral N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand for palladium catalyst was key to attaining high reactivity and enantioselectivity. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations elucidated the enantioselectivity-determining transmetalation step and the origins of enantiocontrol by the NHC ligand.
Pengembangan E-modul interaktif berbasis RME (Realistic Mathematic Education) pada materi statistika
Authors: Napfiah Siti , K Anggi Widiarti
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan elektronik modul interaktif berbasis RME (Realistic Mathematics Education) sebagai media pembelajaran materi statistika sub materi pemusatan data. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian R&D (Research and Development) yang biasanya disebut juga dengan penelitian dan pengembangan. Peneliti menggunakan studi rekonstruksi dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Observasi dilakukan untuk menguji unsur interaktif pada e-modul dilihat melalui penggunaan e-modul dan penyelesaian games pada apersepsi. Adapun data yang telah diperoleh oleh peneliti berdasarkan hasil analisis kelayakan e-Modul yaitu sebesar 97% termasuk dalam kategori valid dan analisis keefektifan sebesar 84% termasuk dalam kategori efektif. Maka e-modul tersebut layak digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran dan disimpulkan bahwa e-Modul interaktif ini efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti menunjukkan bahwa elektronik modul interaktif berbasis RME (Realistic Mathematic Education) layak dan efektif dimanfaatkan dalam proses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil observasi menunjukan bahwa unsur interaktif pada e-modul sudah terpenuhi.
Power Usage Monitoring Simulator for Estimating Usage Tariffs and Carbon Emission Levels at STO Bogor Based on IoT
Authors: Kusumaningrum Nurwijayanti , Syafdi Rizky
Published: January 2025

In this modern era, the efficiency of electricity usage has become one of the main concerns in the efforts toward sustainable energy management. The limitations in monitoring electricity usage have become a challenge for technicians, resulting in inefficiencies in data collection and discrepancies between the actual power usage and manual recordings. This research aims to design and develop a prototype of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based electricity usage monitoring tool to monitor electricity consumption in real-time, provide usage cost estimates, and measure the emission levels generated by the devices being used. It also facilitates data recording, accelerates decision-making, and improves electricity management with high accuracy, with a margin of error of 0.8% for power calculations and 0.5% for total power calculations. This allows for accurate measurement of voltage, load, power, and total power. The data obtained is used to calculate electricity tariffs based on actual consumption, such as a subscription fee of IDR 127,134, a rate per kWh of IDR 528.76, and a tax of 4%, resulting in a total cost of IDR 132,768 for 0.366 kWh usage over 60 minutes. The use of electronic devices also increases carbon emissions, with a 69% increase in the first 10 minutes and 28% in 60 minutes, highlighting the importance of environmental awareness and wise electricity usage.
Outline for the revision of the terrestrial ecotoxicology guidance document and for the development of an approach on indirect effects
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In June 2024, EFSA received two mandates from the European Commission (EC): (1) to review the Guidance Document on Terrestrial Ecotoxicology and (2) to develop guidance for assessing potential indirect effects on biodiversity through trophic interactions under agro‐environmental conditions. Both mandates were issued pursuant to Article 29 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, in conjunction with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. In response to the request to develop an outline of the mandates' plan, with this document, EFSA clarifies timelines, as well as procedural and methodological aspects.
A SOCIO LEGAL STUDY ON OUR PREPAREDNESS AND FAILURE TO TACKLE THE PROBLEMS OF HONOUR KILLING
Authors: Sharma Gunjan , Kumar Mandeep
Published: January 2025

Honour crimes have been considered a difficult and misunderstood issue for centuries. The concept of respect for violence is flexible and changes according to time, place, socialization and expression. Honor crimes are defined as a behavior that affects all societies, cultures, religions and nations, manifests itself in various forms of violence, and can generally be eliminated individually or collectively. Genocide is always unjust, illegal and a serious violation of human rights. It is illegal to take someone's life without cause. This is also inappropriate and illegal. The law guarantees the right to life and dignity to every citizen. Dignity and life go together. The Constitution of India guarantees this right as a fundamental right. Life is hopeless. No one can know the next minute of life. In this case, everyone has the right and desire to live the life they want. No one should be forced to live a life where others are valued and respected. Murder is when a woman or man kills someone who does not accept the family's marriage or changes their marriage at their own will, on the grounds that it will harm the family's honor. Family law protects the family but forgets the love and compassion felt for family members.
CENTRAL ASIAN POLITICS: INTERPLAY OF GOVERNANCE, IDEOLOGY, AND EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
Authors: Dar Zahoor Ahmad , Muntaha Sidrat ul , Bashir Qurat ul Ain , Bhat Shabir Ahmad
Published: January 2025

The primary focus of this research paper is to analyse governance models and power dynamics in Central Asia, highlighting their ideological underpinnings and influence on state organisation and regional stability. This thorough examination looks into Central Asia's complicated and varied political terrain, explicitly emphasising the concept of statehood, the evolution and ramifications of ideological constructs, and the profoundly complex power dynamics within the region. Through meticulous analysis, the inquiry aims to illuminate the interplay among different state institutions, the influence of constitutional frameworks, and the intricate distribution of political authority that characterises the politics of Central Asia. The study also explores the degree to which external influences shape domestic politics, drawing on theoretical perspectives on authoritarian regimes and democratic transitions, historical connections after the disintegration of the USSR, and external factors such as security considerations in the Central Asian region. Moreover, the paper scrutinises the formation and impact of ideological constructs, including their role in policy-making and governance. Employing a rigorous and comprehensive analytical approach, this research endeavour seeks to enhance our understanding of Central Asia's intricate and deeply complex political dynamics.
AI IN BUSINESS EDUCATION: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Sharma Lovely
Published: January 2025

Inadequate techniques for teaching artificial intelligence abound in business curricula. Mechanized, rule-based systems can easily reinforce negative stereotypes of business and business people as superficial and irrelevant. This paper surveys other AI systems, and in doing so, addresses several key business education-associated issues. Notably, we emphasize the need for business educators to consider how to prepare their students to profitably interact with these systems in professional environments. Issues concerning personal, professional, and pedagogical development are also discussed, as are a number of indispensable contributions the humanities disciplines could make in these areas. Several challenges are noted and suggestions provided t aid the development of business education courses designed to inform and/or foster general, critical, and ethical AI literacy.As many business leaders and business students are new to the subject of artificial intelligence, or have limited knowledge of it, the job of the business educator is to make the subject relevant and interesting and to provide students with skills they can use in their careers. To begin, business instructors need to be aware of the AI systems that exist, in order to be capable of explaining how they have the potential to benefit a firm, an industry, or the global economy. Furthermore, business faculty need to provide an academic setting in which all students can profitably interact with AI technologies. In particular, business students should be prepared to deal with any conceivable AI topic in any professional setting. Although a business curriculum that attempts to accomplish this might encompass students studying subjects other than AI, the knowledge gained by students so engaged can be used in far more situations than just those relating specifically to AI. Throughout, the focus should be on graduates being able to design and use these systems, with particular emphasis on the ethical and job displacement dimensions of bringing AI into the workplace.
INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION IN MATHEMATICS
Authors: Sharma Sonia
Published: January 2025

Mathematics is the Language of the Universe. Mathematics is the Language of the God. Oldest source of knowledge, the four Vedas originated in India. India is a land of knowledge. India has rich contribution in mathematics. Great Indian Mathematicians like Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta, Bhaskara, Mahavira, Madhava , whose contribution in Mathematics made them immortal. This paper explains their contribution in the field of Mathematics. Zero is the greatest gift to the World by India. Bauthayana explained the result of Pythogoras theorem. Pingala’s Meruprastara is known as Pascal’s triangle.
An Anthropocentric Comparison of Han Kang’s The Vegetarian and Renato Baretić’s Osmi povjerenik (The Eighth Commissioner)
Authors: Brahović Gianna
Published: January 2025

A geological era may be marked by a crucial agent of change whose influence on other species is incontestable. The current era, referred to by some as the Anthropocene, views humans as the main geological agents of change. Therefore, the relationship between humans and nature has been placed, more strikingly than ever before, at the centre of literary studies. In this paper, the inevitability of the Anthropocene will be shown in two novels with extremely diverse cultural backgrounds: Renato Baretić’s Osmi povjerenik (The Eighth Commissioner) and Han Kang’s The Vegetarian. Despite both novels being products of different literary traditions that are seemingly unrelated to the current era, their stories are nonetheless anthropocentric at their core, displaying a new way of looking at the humananimal relationships, through the point of view of observers who are powerless to form these relationships themselves.
Improvement of Processing and Marketing of Innovative Coconut and Nut-Based Products at the Sari Nadhi Business Study Group, Carangsari Village, Badung
Authors: Sudiarta I Wayan , Semariyani A. A. Made , Dewi Ni Made Putri Pradnya Paramita , Rustini Ni Made , Dewi Ni Made Putri Pradnya Paramita , Putri Putu Ananda Icaka , Ni Luh Putu Putri Setianingsih
Published: January 2025

The processing of agricultural products, especially coconuts into VCO, coconut oil, sounding, and tempeh, with several types of processed products for innovative snacks with soybean ingredients has been produced and marketed by partners in Carangsari Village and its surroundings, but with limited marketing, and the products still need to be improved in quality to be able to compete with similar products. The problems faced are that the product quality is inconsistent, the product packaging is still simple, and there is no knowledge of business management and bookkeeping, so there are obstacles in managing production and marketing. The solution to the problems faced is to improve processing technology and packaging technology; turnover increases; product quality and quantity increase
Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 1: No PovertySDG 2: Zero HungerSDG 4: Quality EducationSDG 8: Decent Work and Economic GrowthSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureSDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals
Co-CEO Structure and Investment Efficiency
Authors:   Korea Accounting Information Association, Choi Won-Ju , Kim Hyun-Jin , Choi Kang-Deuk
Published: January 2025

[Purpose] This paper examines the effect of Co-CEO structure on investment efficiency, addressing conflicting views in existing studies. It categorizes the Co-CEO structure into three types-those with controlling shareholders and their relatives, professional managers, or a mix-and analyzes how these compositions influence investment efficiency.
[Methodology] This paper performs a regression analysis without an intercept, using the absolute value of abnormal investment amounts calculated with the investment efficiency model by McNichols and Stubben (2008) as the dependent variable, and a dummy variable representing different managerial compositions as the explanatory variable.
[Findings] This paper finds that firms with Co-CEO generally exhibit lower investment efficiency than those with a single manager, with the lowest efficiency observed in firms where all Co-CEOs are controlling shareholders and their relatives. However, this pattern is absent in firms belonging to cross-shareholding-restricted groups. In firms outside these groups, Co-CEO structures, especially those dominated by controlling shareholders and their relatives, show significantly lower investment efficiency.
[Implications] This study shows that investment efficiency declines when powerful managers, like controlling shareholders, are part of multiple executives. It highlights the need for decision-making tailored to a firm’s circumstances, such as cross-shareholding restrictions or crises like COVID-19. Effective checks, balances among executives, and robust monitoring by group headquarters and boards are essential for a Co-CEO structure to succeed.
Research on the Efficiency of Human-Machine Collaborative Delivery Management for Takeout Riders Under Algorithmic Control
Authors: Hu Dongyi , Deng Wei , Jiang Zilong , Li Tianzhu
Published: January 2025

In the current digital economy era, the takeout industry is expanding, which makes human-machine collaborative delivery management between takeout riders and intelligent algorithms increasingly important. Based on this, this paper takes takeout riders as Decision Making Units to study the management efficiency of the delivery algorithm from the perspective of input and output. Firstly, a comprehensive evaluation index system for input and output is constructed. Secondly, the entropy method is used to obtain the weights of the delivery input indicators at all levels and the comprehensive input index. Then, the output-oriented DEA-BCC model is established by combining the comprehensive input index and several delivery output indicators. Finally, the efficiency of the delivery algorithm in managing takeout riders is evaluated using the results calculated from the DEA-BCC model. Additionally, this paper also proposes suggestions for personalized human-machine collaborative delivery management in terms of quantity, quality and safety based on the slack variables of the output indicators.
Text to image generation using BERT and GAN
Authors: Kavitha Soppari  , Bhanu Vangapally  , Syed Sameer Sohail  , Harish Dubba
Published: January 2025

Generating text to images is a difficult task that combines natural language processing and computer vision. Currently available generative adversarial network (GAN)-based models usually employ text encoders that have already been trained on image-text pairs. Nevertheless, these encoders frequently fall short in capturing the semantic complexity of unread text during pre-training, which makes it challenging to produce images that accurately correspond with the written descriptions supplied.Using BERT, a very successful pre-trained language model in natural language processing, we present a novel text-to-image generating model in order to address this problem. BERT's aptitude for picture generating tasks is improved by allowing it to encode rich textual information through fine-tuning on a large text corpus. Results from experiments on a CUB_200_2011 dataset show that our approach performs better than baseline models in both qualitative and quantitative measures.
The Sixth K-Wave in the Light of Cybernetic Revolution, and Global Aging
Authors: Grinin Leonid E. , Grinin Anton , Korotayev Andrey V.
Published: January 2025

In the present article we analyze the relationships between K-waves and major technological breakthroughs in history and offer forecasts about features of the sixth Kondratieff wave. For our analysis we use the basic ideas of long cycles' theory and related theories (theories of the leading sector, technological styles, etc.) as well as the ideas of our own theory of production principles and production revolutions. The latest of production revolution is the Cybernetic Revolution that, fr om our point of view, started in the 1950s and is still going on. We assume that in the 2030s and 2040s the sixth K-wave will merge with the final phase of the Cybernetic Revolution (which we call a phase of self-regulating systems) that will give a certain scope and strength to this wave. This period will be characterized by the breakthrough in medical technologies which will be capable to combine many other technologies into a single system of MANBRIC-technologies (medico-additive-nano-bio-roboto-info-cognitive technologies). The article also presents a forecast of the process of global aging and argues why the technological breakthrough will occur in health care sector and related fields. Based on the above-mentioned theories, the authors make a prediction about the set of leading technologies (MANBRIC-technologies) that will form the basis of the sixth technological paradigm. The peculiarity of this MANBRIC complex will be that the majority of technologies will be self-regula-ting systems. One should also take into account that an ever-growing process of global aging will have a very significant impact on the development of technologies of the Cybernetic Revolution and the sixth technological paradigm because it will accelerate breakthroughs in medicine and related fields, and medicine will be an integrating component of the MANBRIC-complex at the first stages.
Rough Waters Ahead
Authors: Harper Antony
Published: January 2025

There are a variety of definitions of the term ‘handbook’. All of them, however, include a reference to factual information on a specific topic or set of topics or instructions dealing with a defined process or set of processes. This generalized and synthesized explanation of what handbooks are certainly ap-plies to Handbook of Revolutions in the 21st Century, edited by Jack Goldstone, Leonid Grinin, and Andrey Korotayev. However, in over one thousand pages, this handbook provides much more than the previous description implies. Not only is the concept of revolution rigorously treated and the theory of revolutions investigated in the opening section of the book, but in the remaining sections of the book, the topics of the history of revolutions, revolutionary waves, revolution in the early twenty-first century, the Arab Spring revolutions, revolutionary movements beyond the Arab Spring, and current and future revolutions are all treated clearly and in depth by a variety of scholars from a diversity of academic specializations. Further, handbooks, often didactic in the extreme, are not known for their insight and creativity; this one will be.
Движение к новому мировому порядку и возможности России
Authors: Гринин Антон Леонидович
Published: January 2025

Сейчас мы находимся на этапе борьбы прежнего гегемона за сохранение устоявшегося мирового порядка с потенциальными претендентами на более высокое место в мировой иерархии. Этот новый этап начала Россия, перед которой сейчас стоят очень важные и сложные задачи. Соответствовать тому месту, которое РФ стремится обрести в ходе процесса реконфигурации Мир-Системы, будет очень непросто, тем более что многое в нашей политической и экономической системе не соответствует подобным претензиям. В статье анализируются риски, возможности и задачи, стоящие перед РФ, для того чтобы занять лидирующее место в строительстве нового мирового порядка в области экономики, выработке национальной идеи и новой идеологии, которая может быть принята большинством стран Мир-Системы; также даются конкретные рекомендации.
Classification Systems for Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Marino Allison , Mui Michelle , Dobryakova Ekaterina , Sandry Joshua
Published: January 2025

There is no single, standardized clinical instrument or biomarker available to categorize traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity that is deemed the official gold standard for classification. Instead, the current approach is to rely on several criteria to establish severity. There are a number of different classification systems in place that are used and these different systems utilize different indicators. Heterogeneity across classification systems introduces a challenge for recruitment into research studies and obscures knowledge of how different degrees of severity impact outcomes, thus, limiting generalizability across investigations. There is no comprehensive review and summary of these criteria into one single system. The aim of the current paper is to provide a brief overview of TBI and narrative review of available systems used to formally classify TBI severity. Additionally, we propose minimum standardized criteria that should be reported in future TBI research to differentiate between mild and moderate-severe injuries in the absence of one or more determining criteria. Ultimately, this will help facilitate standardized inclusion criteria and afford better comparison and generalizability across studies that may lead to the development of severity-specific medical interventions.
Shallow fault zone structure affects rupture dynamics and ground motions of the 2019 Ridgecrest sequence to regional distances
Authors: Schliwa Nico , Gabriel Alice-Agnes , Ben-Zion Yehuda
Published: January 2025

Seismic faults are surrounded by damaged rocks with reduced rigidity and enhanced attenuation. These damaged fault zone structures can amplify seismic waves and affect earthquake dynamics, yet they are typically omitted in physics-based regional ground motion simulations. We report on the significant effects of a shallow, flower-shaped fault zone in foreshock-mainshock 3D dynamic rupture models of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence. We find that the fault zone structure both amplifies and reduces ground motions not only locally but at distances exceeding 100 km. This impact on ground motions is frequency- and magnitude-dependent, particularly affecting higher frequency ground motions from the foreshock because its corner frequency is closer to the fault zone's fundamental eigenfrequency. Within the fault zone, the shallow transition to a velocity-strengthening frictional regime leads to a depth-dependent peak slip rate increase of up to 70% and confines fault zone-induced supershear transitions mostly to the fault zone's velocity-weakening bottom half. However, the interplay of fault zone waves, free surface reflections, and rupture directivity can generate localized supershear rupture, even in narrow velocity-strengthening regions, which are typically thought to inhibit supershear rupture. This study demonstrates that shallow fault zone structures may significantly affect intermediate- and far-field ground motions and cause localized supershear rupture penetrating into velocity-strengthening regions, with important implications for seismic hazard assessment.
Morality, Rationality and Community: An Analytical Sociological Theory of Moral Actions
Authors: Janky Bela
Published: January 2025

This study introduces a novel modeling framework for understanding the structural underpinnings of moral action, offering new insights into the interplay between social norms, egoistic incentives, and behavioral dynamics. Grounded in the new sociology of morality (Hitlin and Vaisey 2010, 2013; Simpson and Willer 2015) and the concept of thick morality (Abend 2011; Tavory 2011) in particular, the framework employs game theory as its analytical tool. It emphasizes that morally relevant situations cannot be isolated from the broader social system, which shapes not only the content of social norms but also the incentives to adhere to moral rules. The paper argues that this approach allow for the inclusion of some important factors missing from previous models explaining moral compliance. A two-person bargaining game serves as a case study, demonstrating how the content and strength of social norms influence behavioral and discursive dynamics.
Adolescent Gender Beliefs in India: Does Mothers’ Empowerment Matter?
Authors: Yan Hope Xu , Chen Feinian
Published: January 2025

Abundant studies have documented the positive impact of mothers’ empowerment on children’s health and education in the Global South, but little is known about how maternal empowerment shapes children’s gender beliefs. Using data from the India Human Development Survey, this study examines the relationship between mothers’ empowerment and adolescent children’s gender beliefs in India. Recognizing the multidimensionality of women’s empowerment, we conduct latent class analysis to identify a six-class empowerment typology based on mothers’ education, employment, decision-making power at home, mobility outside the home, and memberships in women’s organizations. The results reveal unevenness in different dimensions of mothers’ empowerment. Maternal empowerment’s association with egalitarian gender beliefs is salient among adolescent girls, but not boys. Adolescent girls with mothers labeled as proactive workers in our empowerment typology hold the most egalitarian gender beliefs, whereas low agency and underprivileged worker mothers’ daughters are the least egalitarian. By illustrating the complex interplay between multiple dimensions of maternal empowerment and children’s gender beliefs in India, this study advances the empirical and theoretical understanding of women’s empowerment and the effects of mothers’ behaviors on children’s gender beliefs.