bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DiffHiChIP: Identifying differential chromatin contacts from HiChIP data
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sourya , Salgado Figueroa Daniela , Georgopoulos Katia , Ay Ferhat
Published: January 2025

High-resolution conformation capture assays such as HiChIP are commonly used for profiling chromatin loops amongcis-regulatory elements including enhancers and promoters. Detection of differential loops between two conditions (e.g., same cell type different genotypes or before/after perturbations) help contextualize condition-specific activities of genes in connection with suchcis-regulatory elements. Existing differential loop callers for HiChIP data employ count-based models that are designed with gene expression data in mind and, hence, do not account for the distance decay of contact counts from HiChIP data. These approaches are not ideal for detection of differential long-range (>400Kb) loops, a limitation that persists even with the use of implicit or explicit corrections for this distance effect. We have implemented DiffHiChIP, the first comprehensive framework to call differential loops from HiChIP and similar 3C protocols. DiffHiChIP supports both DESeq2 and edgeR using either complete contact map or a subset of contacts (filtered) for background estimation, incorporates edgeR with generalized linear model (GLM) using either quasi-likelihood F-test or likelihood ratio test, and implements independent hypothesis weighting (IHW) as well as a distance stratification technique for modeling distance decay of contacts in estimating their statistical significance. Our results on 5 different datasets, each with two conditions or cell types, suggest that edgeR GLM-based models with IHW correction capture differential interactions, including long-range, that are supported by published Hi-C data and reference studies. Given the increasing trend of generating and utilizing HiChIP data for modeling chromatin regulation, DiffHiChIP promises to have broad impact and utility in this field.
Infected host competence overshadows heterogeneity in susceptibility in shaping experimental epizootics
Authors: Perez-Umphrey Anna , Langwig Kate , Adelman James , Childs Lauren , Garrett-Larsen Jesse , Hawley Dana M , Fleming-Davies Arietta
Published: January 2025

The accelerated rate of disease emergence in recent decades underscores the need to understand conditions that promote or dampen epidemics. Theoretical models consistently show that epidemics are smaller in populations with higher among-individual heterogeneity in susceptibility. Experimental tests of these predictions are rare but critical for understanding how heterogeneity in susceptibility shapes epidemics in natural systems. We directly link data-parameterized models from previous dose response experiments in the house finch –Mycoplasma gallisepticumsystem to experimental epidemics in replicated aviary mesocosm flocks. We manipulated flock-level heterogeneity in susceptibility by seeding epidemics in flocks composed of either pathogen-naïve or previously exposed birds, which prior work showed have higher heterogeneity in susceptibility relative to pathogen-naïve populations. We tracked epidemics for over two months, combining empirical data and stochastic compartmental models to address how heterogeneity in susceptibility changes epidemic severity. Consistent with previous work, heterogeneity in susceptibility was higher in flocks given prior pathogen exposure. However, even pathogen-naïve flocks, which had relatively homogeneous susceptibility in previous experiments, were best described by heterogeneous, rather than homogenous, models of susceptibility. This suggests flock-level epidemics captured sources of heterogeneity absent in controlled experiments, such as transmission heterogeneity leading to variable host competence. Finally, although prior exposure conferred protection from disease at the individual level, prior exposure and its associated flock-level heterogeneity did not dampen epidemics as predicted by deterministic models. Further, our stochastic simulations generated a range of outcomes for small epidemics over the timescales examined, underscoring the challenges of measuring transmission dynamics in naturalistic settings.
The mechanism of DRB7.2:DRB4 mediated sequestering of endogenous inverted-repeat dsRNA precursors in plants
Authors: Paturi Sneha , Patra Debadutta , Behera Priti Chanda , Aute Ramdas , Waghela Nilam , Kinatukara Priyadarshan , Deshmukh Mandar V.
Published: January 2025

Noncoding transcribable inverted repeat sequences are vital in genome stability, regulation of transposable elements, mutations, and diseases in eukaryotes. In vascular plants, dsRNA Binding Proteins (dsRBPs), DRB7.2 and DRB4, inhibit Dicer-like-protein 3 (DCL3) to stall endogenous inverted-repeat dsRNA (endo-IR dsRNA) mediated gene silencing. As dsRBPs generally assist Dicers, the inhibition of DCL3 by a dsRBP complex is quite enigmatic. Here, we explore how the DRB7.2:DRB4 complex sequesters substrate dsRNA of DCL3 using a structure-based mechanistic approach. Intriguingly, the crucial step of endo-IR dsRNA precursor sequestration is the high affinity complex formation of interacting domains of DRB7.2 (DRB7.2M) and DRB4 (DRB4D3). Next, we establish that DRB7.2 simultaneously interacts with DRB4 and endo-IR dsRNA precursors, where DRB4 contributes towards enhancement in the affinity of the complex with dsRNA, thereby impairing DCL3 mediated cleavage of endo-IR dsRNA precursors. The uniqueness of the DRB4D3 structure implies that the trans-acting (tasi)/siRNA initiation complex formed by DCL4:DRB4 in plants is diverse from its non-plant higher eukaryotes. Overall, we present considerable insights into endo-IR dsRNA precursors regulation in plants and indicate a differential evolution of RNAi initiation complexes between plants and other higher eukaryotes.
Land-use change undermines the stability of avian functional diversity
Authors: Weeks Thomas L , Walkden Patrick A , Edwards David P , Lees Alexander Charles , Pigot Alexander L , Purvis Andy , Tobias Joseph
Published: January 2025

Land-use change causes widespread shifts in the composition and functional diversity (FD) of species assemblages, yet the impacts on ecosystem resilience remain uncertain. Stability of ecosystem functioning may increase after land-use change because the most sensitive species are removed, leaving more resilient survivors (Balmford, 1996; Clavel et al., 2010; McKinney & Lockwood, 1999). Alternatively, ecosystems may be destabilized if land-use change reduces functional redundancy, accentuating the ecological impacts of further species loss (Fonseca & Ganade, 2001; McCann, 2000). Current evidence is inconclusive, partly because trait data have not been available to quantify functional stability at sufficient scale. Here, we use morphological measurements of 3696 bird species to estimate shifts in functional redundancy following recent anthropogenic land-use change at 1281 sites worldwide, and then assess the sensitivity of these altered assemblages to future species loss. We find that the proportion of disturbance-tolerant species increases after land-use change, but that this does not increase stability. Instead, we show that functional redundancy is reduced and that further species loss will destabilize ecosystem function because relatively few additional extinctions lead to accelerated losses of FD, particularly in trophic groups delivering important ecological services such as seed dispersal and insect predation. Our analyses reveal that land-use change may have major undetected impacts on the stability of key ecological functions, hindering the capacity of natural ecosystems to absorb further declines in functionality caused by ongoing perturbations.
Disrupted α-ketoglutarate homeostasis trains monocyte-derived macrophages towards M2-like phenotype in long-term treated HIV-infection
Authors: Escós Alejandra , Ambikan Anoop T , Schulster Sabrina , Svensson Akusjärvi Sara , Gelpi Marco , Mansouri Siavash , Naval Prajakta , Júnior Ronaldo Lira , Sood Vikas , Knudsen Andreas D. , Pathade Pratik P. , Mikaeloff Flora , Høgh Julie , Lourda Magda , Vesterbacka Jan , Nowak Piotr , Benfield Thomas , Pawar Vinay , Weiss Siegfried , Muvva Jagadeeswara Rao , Végvári Ákos , Gupta Soham , Savai Rajkumar , Nielsen Susanne D. , Neogi Ujjwal
Published: January 2025

Cells of the myeloid lineage, particularly monocytes and macrophages, play a key role in HIV infection by contributing to viral replication, immune response, and maintaining immune balance during suppressive therapy. We hypothesized that metabolic reprogramming and altered chemokine signaling in people living with HIV (PWH) on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) affect monocyte transport and polarization due to ongoing inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the mechanism of impaired monocyte/macrophage function in PWH on well-treated ART that can lead to clinical intervention strategies to improve health. Single-cell RNA sequencing, immune-phenotyping, and metabolic modeling identified altered expression of chemokine and metabolite receptors and altered metabolic flux in PWH monocytes that decreased monocyte migration. The plasma secretome revealed a nonclassical inflammatory microenvironment in PWH. Integrative multi-omics and single-cell proteomics of differentiated monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) detected metabolic reprogramming orchestrated by α-ketoglutarate (AKG) that affected macrophage function and HIV infection. Increased levels of AKG in plasma were shown to occur in PWH under ART. Therefore, when differentiating MDM with serum from PWH or AKG, macrophage function was found polarized towards an M2-like state. AKG alone was shown to increase CCR5 levels and increase HIV-1 infection in MDM. Here, we utilize systems biology-driven identification and ex vivo assays to show impaired macrophage polarization, due to metabolic training, can leads to a low-grade nonclassical inflammatory environment in well-treated PWH.
PAX3-FOXO1 drives targetable cell state-dependent metabolic vulnerabilities in rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Paras Katrina I. , Brunner Julia S. , Boyer Jacob A. , Montero Angela M. , Jackson Benjamin T. , Chakraborty Sangita , Xie Abigail , Guillan Kristina , Siddiquee Armaan , Torres Lourdes Pajuelo , Rabinowitz Joshua D. , Kung Andrew , You Daoqi , Cruz Filemon Dela , Finley Lydia W. S.
Published: January 2025

PAX3-FOXO1, an oncogenic transcription factor, drives a particularly aggressive subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) by enforcing gene expression programs that support malignant cell states. Here we show that PAX3-FOXO1+RMS cells exhibit altered pyrimidine metabolism and increased dependence on enzymes involved inde novopyrimidine synthesis, including dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Consequently, PAX3-FOXO1+cells display increased sensitivity to inhibition of DHFR by the chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate, and this dependence is rescued by provision of pyrimidine nucleotides. Methotrexate treatment mimics the metabolic and transcriptional impact ofPAX3-FOXO1silencing, reducing expression of genes related to PAX3-FOXO1-driven malignant cell states. Accordingly, methotrexate treatment slows growth of multiple PAX3-FOXO1+tumor xenograft models, but not fusion-negative counterparts. Taken together, these data demonstrate that PAX3-FOXO1 induces cell states characterized by altered pyrimidine dependence and nominate methotrexate as an addition to the current therapeutic arsenal for treatment of these malignant pediatric tumors.
Sensitive, non-invasive detection of chronic wasting disease in wild and captive white-tailed deer using fecal volatile profiling
Authors: Berna Amalia Z , Pollock Tzvi , Liu Yang , Gibison Michelle , Mallikarjun Amritha , Logan Joey , Otto Cynthia , John Audrey
Published: January 2025

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is a universally fatal, transmissible prion disease affecting cervids. Primarily found among deer populations in North America, the disease has spread across the continent and made forays into Europe and Asia as well. Currently, accurate methods for detecting CWD infection require post-mortem dissection of the lymph nodes and brainstem of affected animals. New, high-sensitivity methods of detecting CWD in living animals are sorely needed to help curb spread of this devastating disease in farmed and wild deer. Here, we use two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS) to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from the feces of white-tailed deer (WTD) for differentiation of the feces of CWD-negative and CWD-positive animals. We report four discrete VOCs in captive WTD and ten discrete VOCs in wild WTD, with which we can discriminate CWD-positive and CWD-negative samples. Additionally, we evaluate the ability to detect CWD early during disease progression, by comparing samples from the early stage of infection with samples from late stage and uninfected WTD. Our data suggest that detection of VOCs from the feces of WTD - both in captive and wild populations - can serve as a highly sensitive and non-invasive technique for identifying CWD infection in living animals.
Sex does not Influence Neuronal Autophagy throughout Aging in Mice
Authors: Rodriguez Mya N , Stavoe Andrea KH
Published: January 2025

Autophagy is critical for the homeostasis and function of neurons, as misregulation of autophagy has been implicated in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and neuron-specific knockdown of early autophagy genes results in early neurodegeneration in mice. We previously found that autophagosome formation decreases with age in murine neurons. Sex differences have been intensely studied in neurodegenerative diseases, but whether sex differences influence autophagy at the neuronal level have not been investigated. We compared protein expression of 22 autophagy components between neural tissues of female and male mice across development and aging. We found minimal sex-related differences in autophagy protein expression throughout the murine lifespan. Additionally, we assayed the recruitment of autophagy complexes and autophagosome biogenesis; we found no sex-dependent differences in multiple stages of autophagosome formation in neurons, independent of age. Our data suggest that biological sex does not influence autophagosome formation in neurons across development and aging.
Constitutive expression of cardiomyocyte Klf9 precipitates metabolic dysfunction and spontaneous heart failure
Authors: Thakkar Chandni , Alikunju Saleena , Venkatasubramanium Aishwarya , Yang Zhi , Sayed Nazish , Abdellatif Maha , Sayed Danish
Published: January 2025

Metabolic adaptations and flexibility during development and disease play an essential in cardiomyocyte function and survival. We recently reported Glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-Krüppel-like factor 9 (Klf9) axis in mediating metabolic adaptations in cardiomyocytes stimulated with Dexamethasone. Klf9 expression decreases in hypertrophic and failing hearts, suggesting its importance in cardiac homeostasis and its potential contribution to dysfunction under pressure overload. Genome wide Klf9 occupancy in adult hearts revealed 2,242 genes directly associated with Klf9, with enrichment in metabolic pathways, autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and cellular senescence. We generated and characterized a conditional cardiac specific Klf9 knock-In (Klf9KI) mice, which developed progressive cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction and cardiac failure by 8wks of age, with mortality by 12-14wks. RNA-seq analysis at 1wk, 4wks, and 8wks showed stage-specific transcriptional changes. At 1 week, 64.81% of differentially expressed genes were downregulated, aligning with Klf9’s predicted role as a transcriptional repressor. At 4wks and 8wks, more genes were upregulated, suggesting more of secondary targets in response to cardiac phenotype. KEGG pathway analysis showed dysregulation in lipid, carbohydrate and glutathione metabolism, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and innate immunity. Untargeted Metabolomics at 4wks identified significant alterations in tissue metabolite levels, particularly in pathways involving fatty acid metabolism, amino acids, and glucose, correlating with transcriptome data. Mitochondrial function assays revealed progressive dysregulation. At 2 weeks, complex I activity was significantly reduced, while complex II and IV activities were partially preserved. By 4 weeks, all measured respiratory complexes showed significant declines, consistent with decline in mitochondrial function. These mitochondrial deficits preceded overt cardiac dysfunction and likely contributed to the development of hypertrophy and failure. In conclusion, constitutive Klf9 overexpression disrupts transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis, driving progressive hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction, and failure.
The liver clock tunes transcriptional rhythms in skeletal muscle to regulate mitochondrial function
Authors: Sica Valentina , Sato Tomoki , Tsialtas Ioannis , Hernandez Sophia , Chen Siwei , Baldi Pierre , Muñoz Cánoves Pura , Sassone-Corsi Paolo , Koronowski Kevin B. , Smith Jacob G.
Published: January 2025

Circadian clocks present throughout the brain and body coordinate diverse physiological processes to support daily homeostasis and respond to changing environmental conditions. The local dependencies within the mammalian clock network are not well defined. We previously demonstrated that the skeletal muscle clock controls transcript oscillations of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism in the liver, yet whether the liver clock also regulates the muscle was unknown. Here, we use hepatocyte-specificBmal1KO mice (Bmal1hep-/-) and reveal that approximately one third of transcriptional rhythms in skeletal muscle are regulated by the liver clock vivo. Treatment of myotubes with serum harvested fromBmal1hep-/-mice inhibited expression of genes involved in metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation. Overall, the transcriptional changes induced by liver clock-driven endocrine-communication revealed from our in vitro system were small in magnitude, leading us to surmise that the liver clock acts to fine-tune metabolic gene expression in muscle. Strikingly, treatment of myotubes with serum fromBmal1hep-/-mice inhibited mitochondrial ATP production compared to WT and this effect was only observed with serum harvested during the active phase. Overall, our results reveal communication between the liver clock and skeletal muscle–uncovering a bidirectional endocrine communication pathway dependent on clocks in these two key metabolic tissues. Targeting liver and muscle circadian clocks may represent a potential avenue for exploration for diseases associated with dysregulation of metabolism in these tissues.
Recommendations for Automating Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry Measurements using Data-Independent Acquisition Methods
Authors: Filandr Frantisek , Hepburn Morgan , Sarpe Vladimir , Crowder D. Alex , Hassannia Maryam , Coales Stephen , Shi Yuqi , Viner Rosa , Rossotti Martin A. , Sheff Joey G. , Tanha Jamshid , Schriemer David C.
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HX-MS) is a method used to study solution-phase protein structure and dynamics. Despite its many applications, HX-MS is limited in throughput because manual data analysis is still the norm. We previously developed HX-MS2 technology to add a second dimension of deuteration data and promote automated data processing. Data-independent acquisition (DIA) techniques enable this approach, but we require optimized methods for best performance. Using an Orbitrap Eclipse for illustration, we show that ion optics and collision energy settings typical of a proteomics DIA experiment generate maximal peptide retrieval from the DIA library. As few as three MS2 sequence ions are sufficient to generate a deuteration measurement with a precision that exceeds what is possible in traditional HX-MS. DIA window sizes are based on the chromatographic resolution of the method. An inter-scan window offset method is the recommended default configuration for most HX-DIA applications, but an intra-scan overlap method can be tuned for highest performance and is recommended when maximum peptide retrieval is desired. A fully automated HX-MS2 solution consists of Trajan HDX automation technology, an Orbitrap Eclipse mass spectrometer and AutoHX software. We demonstrate its robustness on an extensive time-course analysis of phosphorylase B and an epitope analysis of single domain antibodies (VHHs, nanobodies) specific to the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV2 spike protein.
Decreased KCC2 expression in the human spinal dorsal horn associated with chronic pain and long-term opioid use
Authors: Davis Olivia C , Ferland Samuel , Lorenzo Louis-Etienne , Murray-Lawson Clare , Shiers Stephanie , Yousuf Muhammad Saad , Dedek Annemarie , Tsai Eve C. , Vines Erin , Horton Peter , Cervantes Anna , Khan Tariq , Funk Geoffrey , Dussor Gregory , Godin Antoine G. , Ferrini Francesco , De Koninck Yves , Hildebrand Michael E. , Price Theodore J.
Published: January 2025

Loss of GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory efficacy in the spinal dorsal horn is associated with neuropathic pain and opioid-induced hyperalgesia in rodent models. Downregulation of the KCC2 chloride extrusion transporter is a key mechanism underlying this decreased inhibitory efficacy, but to-date there is no evidence supporting or opposing this hypothesis in humans. Here we demonstrate that KCC2 expression is decreased in superficial dorsal horn neurons of organ donors who died with a documented history of pain, or of long-term opioid use. We show profoundly decreased KCC2 dorsal horn membrane expression in a primary cohort associated with either chronic pain or opioid use, and in a replication cohort of mixed chronic pain and opioid use history. These results show that decreased dorsal horn inhibitory efficacy likely promotes chronic pain in humans and support the development of therapeutics augmenting KCC2 function as a treatment for chronic pain and opioid use disorders.
A Causal and Dissociable Role for the Right Inferior Prefrontal Cortex in Empathy for Physical and Social Pain
Authors: De Lillo M. , Korpal A. , Ferguson H. , Martin A. K.
Published: January 2025

The right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) are key nodes in the social brain, implicated in empathy for physical and social pain. However, their causal and dissociable contributions remain unclear. In this study, 52 young adults underwent focal transcranial direct current stimulation (f-tDCS) targeting the rIFG or dmPFC in a sham-controlled, double-blind, crossover design. Participants rated the intensity of pain in images depicting social or physical pain during stimulation. Anodal stimulation to the rIFG increased ratings of physical pain and decreased ratings of social pain, suggesting dissociable roles in processing empathy for these two pain types. In contrast, dmPFC stimulation did not modulate ratings, potentially reflecting its role in higher-order social cognitive processes rather than affective empathy. The effects of rIFG stimulation on social pain were significantly stronger in the initial trials, suggesting potential habituation within the rIFG or stimulation-specific effects. These results provide causal, dissociable evidence for the rIFG’s involvement in empathy, with its effects differing based on the type of pain. This supports the proposal that distinct neural processes underlie empathy for social versus physical pain.
Takens’ theorem to assess EEG traces: regional variations in brain dynamics
Authors: Tozzi Arturo , Jaušovec Ksenija
Published: January 2025

Takens’ theorem (TT) proves that the behaviour of a dynamical system can be effectively reconstructed within a multidimensional phase space. This offers a comprehensive framework for examining temporal dependencies, dimensional complexity and predictability of time series data. We applied TT to investigate the physiological regional differences in EEG brain dynamics of healthy subjects, focusing on three key channels: FP1 (frontal region), C3 (sensorimotor region), and O1 (occipital region). We provided a detailed reconstruction of phase spaces for each EEG channel using time-delay embedding. The reconstructed trajectories were quantified through measures of trajectory spread and average distance, offering insights into the temporal structure of brain activity that traditional linear methods struggle to capture. Variability and complexity were found to differ across the three regions, revealing notable regional variations. FP1 trajectories exhibited broader spreads, reflecting the dynamic complexity of frontal brain activity associated with higher cognitive functions. C3, involved in sensorimotor integration, displayed moderate variability, reflecting its functional role in coordinating sensory inputs and motor outputs. O1, responsible for visual processing, showed constrained and stable trajectories, consistent with repetitive and structured visual dynamics. These findings align with the functional specialization of different cortical areas, suggesting that the frontal, sensorimotor and occipital regions operate with autonomous temporal structures and nonlinear properties. This distinction may have significant implications for advancing our understanding of normal brain function and enhancing the development of brain-computer interfaces. In sum, we demonstrated the utility of TT in revealing regional variations in EEG traces, underscoring the value of nonlinear dynamics.
AuthormetriX: Automated Calculation of Individual Authors’ Non-Inflationary Credit-Allocation Schemas’ and Collaboration Metrics from a Scopus Corpus
Authors: Adeosun Samuel O.
Published: January 2025

Background

Publication count is the currency in academia, but the most widely used whole count method is considered unfair and inflationary. Several non-inflationary author credit-allocation schemas (NIACAS) have been proposed, but none is widely adopted in practice (e.g., in evaluating faculty scholarly productivity) or in bibliometric research. This low adoption and implementation rate may be due to the complexity in operationalizing the schemas.

Aim

To develop an application that automates the calculation of individual authors’ scholarly output metrics based on multiple NIACAS.

Method

Published formulas of NIACAS were written as Python functions wrapped in a Streamlit user interface that takes .csvfiles of the relevant corpus, and a list of author’s Scopus IDs as inputs. The functions calculate the authors’ output metrics based on NIACAS including first- and last-author straight counts, arithmetic, golden share, and multiple variations of fractional, geometric, and harmonic schemas. Collaboration metrics are also calculated. Secondary features include modelers for author counts and schemas. In a use-case, absolute rank displacement (ARD) and actual contribution proportions (ACP) were compared between highly cited clinical medicine researchers and highh-index pharmacy practice faculty populations.

Results

AuthormetriX accurately calculates individual authors’ aggregate scholarly output based on 14 NIACAS, from the file inputs. There were schema and population differences in ACP, but only schema differences in ARD within the populations studied.

Conclusions

AuthormetriX simplifies the implementation of non-inflationary author credit-allocation schemas and will facilitate their broader adoption in practice and bibliometric research. AuthormetriX is freely available athttps://sadeosun-a-uthormetrix-v1.streamlit.app/.
Adapting to Industry 4.0: evaluating SMEs preparedness through a comprehensive digital readiness assessment maturity model by validating stakeholders’ perceptions
Authors: Kumar Love , Sharma Rajiv Kumar
Published: January 2025

Purpose

In the digital transformation era, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India face both opportunities and challenges in adopting Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies. To ensure successful I4.0 implementation, the study aims to develop a digital readiness assessment model based on stakeholders’ perceptions.

Design/methodology/approach

This research adopts a mixed-method framework to develop a comprehensive maturity model to assess the digital readiness of SMEs. The framework uses systematic literature review to comprehend I4.0 solution dimensions, followed by empirical validation of dimensions through a questionnaire survey and hypothesis formulation.

Findings

The digital readiness model is applied to companies working in four SME sectors, namely, automobile, machinery and equipment, pharmaceutical and agriculture. The findings highlight the necessity for sector-specific strategies to enhance digital capabilities, addressing unique challenges and leveraging opportunities for growth.

Research limitations/implications

The proposed readiness assessment model, developed based on the 14 solution dimensions, 41 prerequisites and six levels, enables the respondents in SMEs to make factual assessments of their digital readiness and initiate efforts toward successful I4.0 implementation.

Originality/value

This research uniquely combines expert insights, multi-dimensional assessment and rigorous statistical validation to provide a robust conceptual framework for SMEs to navigate their digital transformation journey effectively.
A practical approach to teaching emerging technologies: a case of BIM
Authors: Adekunle Samuel Adeniyi , Oyeyipo Opeyemi , Aigbavboa Clinton Ohis , Ebekozien Andrew , Aliu John , Ejohwomu Obuks Augustine
Published: January 2025

Purpose

In the present technological revolution era, lack of skills and training has been a critical challenge. Beyond this, there is less attention paid to how these skills should be delivered. Critically so is that of building information modelling as it affects the adoptions in the construction industry, which has been referred to as a game changer in terms of efficiency and productivity.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative approach was adopted, and a structured questionnaire was distributed to construction industry professionals. A total of 183 responses were collected and analysed to identify the effective and practical approaches to building information modelling (BIM) training for the construction industry.

Findings

The study ranked the most significant approaches and also clustered the approaches in order to provide a better understanding of the approaches. Two clusters were divided through a factor analysis of the approaches. The two clusters focus on pedagogy attributes and assessment attributes.

Originality/value

This study provides insight into an area that researchers have given less attention to before now. It, therefore, provides a critical point of call for industry practitioners and stakeholders in this area, which has been a source of concern. It helps in advancing BIM diffusion through training and informing targeted policies for effective training for emerging technologies.
An analysis of extreme risk spillover effects and their determinants between AI-related assets and Islamic banking indices
Authors: Billah Mabruk
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study uses the time-varying parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) frequency connectedness approach to examine the interconnectedness between artificial intelligence (AI)-related financial assets and Islamic banking indices in financial markets. It reveals linkages across different market segments and their influence on spillovers between segments at different investment horizons.

Design/methodology/approach

The research methodology involves using the TVP-VAR model. This model allows the authors to analyze return spillovers across different time frames by capturing the dynamic nature of the relationships between variables. The authors also consider various global factors in the regression analysis for rigor (Chatziantoniou et al., 2023).

Findings

This research shows that short-term changes impact extreme risk interconnectedness more than medium- or long-term changes. Well-established market indices like AI-related stocks (MSFT, GOOG and NVDA) and Islamic banks (Saudi Arabia, UAE) consistently contribute to or transmit returns. In contrast, most AI-related tokens and Asian Islamic banks tend to receive shocks. Two indices related to gold and the uncertainty of the US dollar demonstrate potential for hedging and predictability in interconnectedness.

Practical implications

The results emphasize the vital role of short-term changes in diversifying a portfolio and managing risks, providing valuable insights for financial analysts and professionals in AI-related finance, Islamic banking and portfolio management.

Originality/value

The rising importance of AI-related stocks and tokens in investing has raised concerns about their compatibility with traditional financial instruments, especially in Islamic finance (Rabbani et al., 2023; Darehshiri et al., 2022; Yousaf et al., 2022). This paper examines the connections among AI-related stocks, AI-related tokens and Islamic banking indices to shed light on their correlations and potential impacts on the financial landscape.
Sustainable Industry 4.0 and corporate social responsibility challenges in environmental decision-making effectiveness
Authors: Raissi Nizar , Hakeem Anas , Haidar Hassan Mousa
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to examine the mediating effects of two corporate social responsibility factors – leadership mindset and corporate commitment – on the relationship between sustainable orientation toward Industry 4.0 and environmental decision-making effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

The research model was tested using structural equation modeling based on survey data from 175 companies serving the Hajj and Umrah sector in Saudi Arabia, a sector recognized for its high level of digitalization.

Findings

The results indicate that a sustainable orientation toward Industry 4.0 and digitalization positively influences environmental decision-making effectiveness. Additionally, Corporate commitment was found to have a direct positive effect on environmental decision-making effectiveness, while leadership mindset showed no significant effect.

Originality/value

This study highlights the critical role of sustainable Industry 4.0, driven by digitalization, in enhancing service quality and competitive value in companies serving the Hajj and Umrah sector. These companies see digitalization as an opportunity to improve business outcomes through effective environmental strategic decisions, though its application remains challenging. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical insights into the impact of digitalization on environmental decision-making effectiveness within this specific context.
Examining identity centrality in social media entrepreneurship
Authors: Boussema Samira
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Based on the theory of identity, this paper aims to examine the centrality role of entrepreneurs’ identity in the prevalence of the entrepreneurial process in online platforms. Identity is a kind of internal energy that stimulates the neurons of entrepreneurs. Thus, leveraging identity effectively in the digital business cycle is a global challenge of paramount importance.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a quantitative approach, specifically the covariance-based structural equation modeling method, to examine data collected from a sample of 153 entrepreneurs operating on social media platforms.

Findings

The findings highlight the positive impact of social media on entrepreneurs’ identities, revealing three distinct identity types: digital identity, social identity and entrepreneurial identity. However, only entrepreneurial and social identities emerge as significant factors in sustaining the entrepreneurial process. Entrepreneurs operating on online platforms strive for recognition as entrepreneurs while also cultivating trust-based relationships with social media users. This recognition and trust contribute to the overall success of their entrepreneurial endeavors.

Research limitations/implications

Identity centrality in the entrepreneurial process presents itself as a highly sophisticated tool to help young entrepreneurs on social media platforms to identify, construct and even harmonize the different identities they may adopt to adapt to the challenges and opportunities of entrepreneurship. In fact, social media provide several opportunities that foster entrepreneurial aspirations and provide a fertile ground for shaping entrepreneurs’ identities, ensuring the success of their entrepreneurial ventures. The emerging generation of entrepreneurs should prioritize cultivating their entrepreneurial and social identities while maintaining an acute awareness of the importance of having a coherent and relevant online presence.

Originality/value

The results of this study significantly elucidate the mechanisms governing identity formation and its dynamics’ influence on the development of entrepreneurship on social media.
E-payments in the post-COVID-19: navigating uncertainty and forecasting trends
Authors: Ahmadian Mohamad
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on electronic payments and to predict future trends in this sector using advanced grey forecasting models. It seeks to fill the research gap in understanding how digital payment behaviors have evolved post-pandemic, particularly focusing on the Iranian market.

Design/methodology/approach

The research employs grey forecasting models, including grey model (GM(1,1)), rolling grey model (RGM(1,1)), unbiased GM (1,1), modified unbiased GM (1,1), discrete grey model (DGM(1,1)) and grey Verhulst, to analyze the e-payment indicators in the next three financial periods. Data were collected on electronic transactions and payment behaviors, and various forecasting models were compared to assess their accuracy and applicability.

Findings

The study finds that the unbiased GM (1,1) and modified unbiased GM (1,1) models offer superior accuracy in predicting electronic payment trends compared to the other models. These models are particularly effective in scenarios with limited data, showcasing their robustness in forecasting future trends in digital payments.

Originality/value

This research contributes original insights into the post-pandemic evolution of electronic payments, highlighting the effectiveness of grey forecasting techniques in emerging markets. It provides valuable information for policymakers and financial institutions, aiding in strategic planning and policy development related to digital transactions.
Politically connected boards: the role of country governance, regulated industry, firm size, and institutional ownership
Authors: Murti A.A.G. Krisna , Utama Sidharta , Hermawan Ancella Anitawati , Abbas Yulianti
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to investigate whether country governance, regulated industry and firm-level characteristics, namely, ownership structure and firm size, are associated with the likelihood of firms having a politically connected board (PCB). This study also examines whether country governance and concentrated ownership moderates the association between institutional ownership and PCB.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses cross-country analysis using 20 countries and hand-collected PCB data from 574 firms and 1,701 firm-year. This study performs logit regression analyses to examine hypotheses.

Findings

The results document that countries’ accountability, industry type and institutional ownership are associated with the likelihood of firms having a PCB. This study also finds that country governance, especially accountability, moderates the relationship between institutional ownership and PCBs. The results thus indicate the importance of country governance, especially accountability, in determining institutional investors’ political strategies.

Practical implications

This study provides several implications. First, firms tend to elect PCBs as a non-financial strategy because it arguably delivers additional resources and improves their performance, especially in countries with lower accountability and regulated industries. Meanwhile, investors and management must also hire PCBs cautiously because PCBs are closely related to agency issues. Agency issues reflect on the finding that institutional investors tend to avoid PCBs. However, the relationship between institutional investors and PCBs is closely related to the country-level context, especially accountability. This study also advises policymakers that country governance, especially accountability, is crucial in regulating the relationship between business and politics.

Originality/value

This study uses a relatively large number of new PCB and institutional ownership data collected manually from 20 countries. This study also examines several variables of country governance, such as accountability to PCB decisions that have not been tested before. This study examines the relationship between institutional ownership and PCB ownership decisions that were not examined before and uses a cross-country sample. In addition, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first one that examines the role of state governance, especially accountability for the relationship between institutional ownership and PCBs.
Unveiling the transformative power of augmented reality in retail: a systematic literature analysis
Authors: Pandey Praveen Kumar , Pandey Prashant Kumar
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study investigates the influence of augmented reality (AR) on consumer behavior and decision-making in the context of retail. By developing a conceptual framework that highlights AR’s distinct characteristics and its contribution to the theme of human-centricity and resilience, this research explores the cognitive and affective responses triggered by AR experiences and their subsequent impact on consumer choices.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs a comprehensive literature review approach, delving into the intricate relationships between AR, consumer behavior and decision-making. Through the exploration of factors such as interactivity, vividness, body image perception, narcissism, information processing preference, privacy concerns and situational surroundings, the study develops a nuanced understanding of the mechanisms underlying AR’s effects.

Findings

The study aligns with the contemporary focus on human-centeredness and resilience in the digital age. It reveals that interactive and vivid AR experiences significantly enhance consumer enjoyment and influence decision-making processes. Furthermore, the study uncovers how individual traits and contextual factors shape consumer responses to AR, shedding light on the broader landscape of consumer behavior.

Research limitations/implications

While acknowledging limitations in generalizability and potential publication bias, this study offers a fresh perspective by accounting for moderating effects and situational contexts. Future research directions might involve longitudinal studies to capture evolving trends in the dynamic realm of AR in retail.

Practical implications

Businesses and marketers have the opportunity to utilize the knowledge acquired from this study to effectively integrate AR technologies into their customer engagement strategies, thereby promoting a customer-centric approach in their operations. The results emphasize the utmost importance of creating AR experiences that align with user preferences and provide meaningful interaction, ultimately leading to the development of sustainable consumer decisions in the digital age.

Originality/value

Distinct from existing literature, this study contributes to the theme of human-centricity and resilience by examining the influence of AR on consumer behavior. This contribution enriches discussions on sustainable consumer choices in the digital era. Employing a comprehensive literature review approach, we explore key factors including interactivity, vividness, body image perception, narcissism, information processing preference, privacy concerns and situational surroundings. This approach deepens our understanding of AR’s influence on consumer behavior, presenting a valuable addition to the field.
Sustainable smart cities: promotion of circular economy in urban GCC regions
Authors: Sumra Kalsoom B. , Siddique Humayra , Afzal Seema , Qazi Abroon
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This paper aims to address the need to adopt circular economy models in the urban development and infrastructure of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries – Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, UAE and Saudi Arabia. The purpose is to provide insights into the progress, challenges and potential benefits of transitioning from a linear to a circular economic model in response to the environmental challenges posed by rapid economic development and population growth in the GCC region. The study emphasizes the relevance of this research in fostering economic diversification, mitigating ecological concerns and attracting sustainable investments.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopts a qualitative approach to investigate the adoption of circular economy principles in each GCC country’s urban development and infrastructure. It details the specific strategies and initiatives undertaken by Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, UAE and Saudi Arabia. The research methodology includes a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), thematic, comparative and individual analysis of their goals, progress and the unique approaches employed. Additionally, a SWOT analysis is conducted to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with adopting circular economy models in the GCC region.

Findings

The case studies reveal each GCC country’s diverse approaches and progress in adopting circular economy models. Bahrain aims for carbon neutrality by 2060, Kuwait prioritizes sustainability in urban development, Oman focuses on waste reduction, Qatar integrates circular economy principles into its Vision 2030 initiative and Saudi Arabia explores closed-loop material flows. Whereas, the UAE focuses on infrastructure development with unique technological advancements in the near future. Despite common challenges such as traditional linear models and economic obstacles, the benefits of transitioning to circular economies in the GCC region are substantial. These include social, environmental and economic advantages, emphasizing sustainable growth, resource efficiency and enhanced environmental protection.

Originality/value

This paper contributes original insights into the adoption of circular economy models in the GCC region, providing a clear and succinct case for its value. The research underscores this transition’s economic, environmental and social benefits. It emphasizes the significance of sustainable resource management and economic opportunities while acknowledging challenges such as implementation obstacles and potential business impacts. The study invites reflection on future research steps, fostering a balanced and fair analysis of the value of the results. It positions the adoption of circular economy models as a crucial step toward achieving economic diversification, and environmental sustainability and attracting green investments in the GCC region.