bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Five-Year Mortality Rates Following Elective Shoulder Arthroplasty and Shoulder Arthroplasty for Fracture in Patients Over Age 65
Authors: Khan Adam Z. , Zhang Xiaoran , Macarayan Erlyn , Best Matthew J. , Fedorka Catherine J. , Haas Derek A. , Armstrong April D. , Jawa Andrew , O’Donnell Evan A. , Simon Jason E. , Wagner Eric R. , Malik Momin , Gottschalk Michael B. , Updegrove Gary F. , Warner Jon J.P. , Srikumaran Uma , Abboud Joseph A. ,   and the Avant-garde Health and Codman Shoulder Society Value-Based Care Group
Published: April 2024

Background:

To effectively counsel patients prior to shoulder arthroplasty, surgeons should understand the overall life trajectory and life expectancy of patients in the context of the patient’s shoulder pathology and medical comorbidities. Such an understanding can influence both operative and nonoperative decision-making and implant choices. This study evaluated 5-year mortality following shoulder arthroplasty in patients ≥65 years old and identified associated risk factors.

Methods:

We utilized Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Fee-for-Service inpatient and outpatient claims data to investigate the 5-year mortality rate following shoulder arthroplasty procedures performed from 2014 to 2016. The impact of patient demographics, including fracture diagnosis, year fixed effects, and state fixed effects; patient comorbidities; and hospital-level characteristics on 5-year mortality rates were assessed with use of a Cox proportional hazards regression model. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

A total of 108,667 shoulder arthroplasty cases (96,104 nonfracture and 12,563 fracture) were examined. The cohort was 62.7% female and 5.8% non-White and had a mean age at surgery of 74.3 years. The mean 5-year mortality rate was 16.6% across all shoulder arthroplasty cases, 14.9% for nonfracture cases, and 29.9% for fracture cases. The trend toward higher mortality in the fracture group compared with the nonfracture group was sustained throughout the 5-year postoperative period, with a fracture diagnosis being associated with a hazard ratio of 1.63 for mortality (p < 0.001). Medical comorbidities were associated with an increased risk of mortality, with liver disease bearing the highest hazard ratio (3.07; p < 0.001), followed by chronic kidney disease (2.59; p < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.92; p < 0.001), and congestive heart failure (1.90; p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The mean 5-year mortality following shoulder arthroplasty was 16.6%. Patients with a fracture diagnosis had a significantly higher 5-year mortality risk (29.9%) than those with a nonfracture diagnosis (14.9%). Medical comorbidities had the greatest impact on mortality risk, with chronic liver and kidney disease being the most noteworthy. This novel longer-term data can help with patient education and risk stratification prior to undergoing shoulder replacement.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
La Constitución de 1823, las provincias y los indígenas del Perú
Authors: Salazar Mejía José Antonio
Published: April 2024

Durante la lucha por la independencia y a iniciativa de San Martín, el Perú eligió a los diputados que escribieron su primera Constitución. ¿Cuál fue la participación de los pueblos del interior en este proceso? Tomando como estudio de caso la intervención del departamento de Huaylas, el presente artículo quiere dar respuesta a esta interrogante. Según el análisis documentario, se observa que su convocatoria generó grandes expectativas en las provincias, especialmente entre los indígenas de Huaylas, quienes plantearon, como tercera alternativa a la forma de gobierno a aprobar, una reinvención del Tahuantinsuyo. Se concluye que los indígenas de Huaylas, pese a no ser considerados ciudadanos por la Constitución, con la esperanza de conseguir sus propias reivindicaciones, supieron negociar con las autoridades su participación en la lucha por la independencia, con Luzuriaga en 1821, apoyando las ideas nacionalistas de Riva Agüero y, finalmente, con Simón Bolívar entre 1823 y 1824.
Expectedness of Human Comfort Index of Heat Wave Events over Bangladesh Using WRF-ARW and RayMan-Pro Model
Authors: Rahman Flora , Akhter Md. Abdullah Elias , Mallik Muhammad Abul Kalam , Matzarakis Andreas
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
High-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW V4.4.2) model is used for the simulation of heat wave events that occurred during 19–26 May 2017, 12–19 May 2020 and 19–26 May 2021. So, an attempt has been made for simulating the extreme temperature conditions over Bangladesh using the WRF model and then an effort has been done to construct the Human Comfort Index (HCI) by the RayMan-Pro model. National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCAR) final reanalysis (FNL) data are used as initial and lateral boundary conditions (LBCs) which are updated at three hourly intervals. A single domain with a 10 km horizontal resolution along with a vertical level of up to 100 hPa is used. The WRF model runs for 168 hr. which is treated as 7 days with Kesler microphysics (MP) schemes, YSU PBL schemes and Kain-Fritsch (KF) cumulus schemes, Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for longwave radiation and Dudhia scheme for short wave radiation. In this study, HW events are simulated using WRF model and thermos-physiologically human comfort indexes (HCI) such as Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), and Standard Effective Temperature (SET*) are analyzed by RayMan-Pro model at 34 stations in Bangladesh during pre-monsoon season. In this research, an attempt has also been made to study the HW scenario, its characteristics and predictability for anticipatory actions over Bangladesh. The maximum observed (simulated) Temperatures (T2) of Khulna, Satkhira, Mongla, Rajshahi and Jashore stations are close to each other so, the WRF model performance is very well for predicting T2. The maximum observed (simulated) PET and SET* are obtained more than 41 ̊C which is extremely hot conditions so, to compute HCI over Bangladesh, the RayMan-Pro model performs real scenario of adequately.
Comparison of Reproductive Outcomes after Laparoscopic Tubal Anastomosis Using Conventional (Non-Barbed) Sutures versus Barbed Sutures
Authors: Karadag Ceyda , Karadag Burak
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Our aim is to compare reproductive outcomes after laparoscopic tubal anastomosis using conventional (non-barbed) sutures and barbed sutures.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Antalya Training and Research Hospital between January 2016 and December 2021. A total of 39 patients who underwent laparoscopic tubal anastomosis were divided into two groups: the Vicryl group (16 women) using 5 − 0 polyglactin sutures, and the V-Loc group (23 women) using 5 − 0 unidirectional barbed sutures. Demographic data, operation time, success of reversal operation, pregnancy rates, and other factors were compared between the two groups.
Results
The operation time was significantly shorter in the V-Loc group (55.8 ± 7.33 minutes) compared to the Vicryl group (108.7 ± 17.27 minutes) (p = 0.001). The overall pregnancy rate was higher in the V-Loc group (87%) than in the Vicryl group (56.3%) (p = 0.037). The rate of intrauterine pregnancy was also significantly higher in the V-Loc group (p = 0.041). The time interval from surgery to pregnancy was not significantly different between the groups.
Conclusion
The use of barbed sutures in laparoscopic tubal anastomosis can result in shorter operation times and better reproductive outcomes compared to conventional sutures.
Outcomes of inter-organizational health planning between public dental care and municipal care organizations for older people: A study protocol for a randomized controlled study in Sweden
Authors: Kylén Jessica Persson , Björns Sara , Hägglin Catharina , Bellander Lisa , Atzori Annsofi Brattbäck , Kylén Sven Persson , Baar Ann-Christine , Wijk Helle
Published: April 2024

Background
Patient participation is key in person-centred care, emphasizing individual choices in treatment. Oral health, integral to overall well-being, is sometimes a neglected part of general health. This intervention introduces a novel approach to strengthen person-centred care in homecare settings, employing collaborative, interprofessional teamwork and shared documentation across care organizations. This protocol outlines the design of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Sweden, comparing traditional oral assessments with an interorganizational, team-based oral health planning model facilitated by a shared digital platform for documentation and communication. The overall aim is to evaluate a person-centred interprofessional and interorganizational model for oral health planning supported by a digital platform to enable healthy ageing.
Methods/design:
The intervention, co-designed with older adults, academic institutions, healthcare providers in public dental care, and municipal organizations, will undergo ethical approval. The RCT will randomize older adults, dental hygienists (DHs) and nursing assistants (NAs) into two groups. The intervention group will attend a two-day workshop on a person-centred, three-step team-based model, while the control group will continue using standard procedures. Primary outcomes will be measured using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) and the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Secondary outcomes include health economic evaluations, participation rates and quality of care assessments. Additionally, qualitative studies from theoretical perspectives of change and learning based on interviews with key stakeholders will be conducted in both the test and control groups.
Discussion
Taking a co-created approach where theory and practice shape the research iteratively, a person-centred health planning model supported by a shared digital platform for ordinary home settings is evaluated. Anticipated outcomes include improved oral health assessments and a deeper understanding of effective person-centred care practices. The co-produced approach of the intervention is also expected to further develop knowledge regarding co-production within domains of healthy ageing from an oral health perspective. As such, the intervention shapes and fosters co-produced person-centred care and healthy ageing.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06310798. Registered 13 March 2024.
Phosphate ester-linked carbonized polymer nanosheets as efficient filters for removing Vibrio parahaemolyticus from aquaculture water
Authors: Huang Chih-Chhing , Anand Anisha , Unnikrishnan Binesh , Wang Chen-Yow , Lai Jui-Yang , Lin Han-Jia
Published: April 2024

In this study, we have developed a simple and low-temperature method without using toxic chemicals, to synthesize carbonized polymer nanosheets (CPNSs) that exhibit potent bacterial adsorption capabilities for their use as a filter to remove bacteria from aquaculture water. Sodium alginate (Alg), an algae-derived polysaccharide was pyrolyzed with diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP) in solid state at 180 °C. Initially, Alg underwent dehydration and cross-linking via phosphate ester bonds followed by carbonization resulted in the formation of 2D structured CPNSs with distinct polymeric characteristics. The as-synthesized CPNSs demonstrate a high bacterial adsorption capability toward V. parahaemolyticus and S. aureus. Furthermore, CPNSs can be used to modify ordinary filter paper to make them effective in filtering system. Aquaculture water filtration experiments using CPNSs-modified filter paper revealed an increase in the survival rate (> 50%) of shrimp challenged with V. parahaemolyticus upon circulation through the Alg-CPNSs-modified membrane, demonstrating their potential as a viable aquaculture filter.
Fluorescent nanoplastics enhanced toxicity of Graphene oxide nanoparticles in freshwater algae Scenedesmus obliquus
Authors: Das Soupam , Giri Sampriti , Shah Janmey , Mukherjee Amitava
Published: April 2024

The increased usage of Graphene oxide (GO) in various industrial applications led to their entry into freshwater systems. Other secondary contaminants like nanoplastics (NPs) often co-exist with GO in the environment. This study examines possible role of fluorescent nanoplastics (FNPs) in modifying the toxic effects of GO on freshwater algae Scenedesmus obliquus. Selected concentrations of GO (0.1, 1, and 10 mg L− 1) were combined with a fixed concentration of FNPs (1 mg L− 1) to perform the combinational toxicity tests on algae. FNPs significantly enhanced the toxic effects of GO in the mixtures in comparison with the pristine GO. In addition to the cytotoxic effects, oxidative stress parameters like total ROS generation and malondialdehyde (MDA) production also increased in case of the combined pollutants. The antioxidant enzymatic activities like catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cells were also assessed. Algal exposure to the pristine pollutants and their mixture and led to a notable decrease in photosynthetic activities in the cells with the mixed pollutants aggravating the loss in activity. The interactive toxic effects of the contaminants when present in mixtures were evaluated using Abbotts' Independent action modeling. Furthermore, optical microscopic images revealed the morphological changes in the algal cells after exposure to the contaminants both in the pristine and combined forms.
Effect of balance training on ankle function and dynamic balance ability in patients with chronic ankle instability：A systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: TANG Fang , YIN Shanshan , LI Xiang , DAI Yuxin , GAO Pincao
Published: April 2024

Conclusion: Balance training benefits ankle function with CAI patients and improve the dynamic balance ability. It is recommended to obtain the best rehabilitation effect by intervening 3 times a week, each intervention time of 20min to 30min, and consecutively intervening for 4 weeks or 6 weeks.
Objective: To investigate and contrast the effects of balance training on ankle function and dynamic balance ability in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).
Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane were searched up to December 2023. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk-of-bias guidelines, and the standardized mean differences (SMD) or mean differences (MD) for each outcome were calculated.
Results: Among 20 eligible studies, including 682 participants were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that balance training was effective in improving ankle function with self-functional scores (SMD =1.02 ; 95% CI,0.61 to 1.43;P < 0.00001; I2 = 72%) and variables associated with the ability of dynamic balance such as SEBT-A (MD=5.88; 95% CI, 3.37 to 8.40; P<0.00001; I2 = 84%), SEBT-PM (MD=5.47; 95% CI, 3.40 to 7.54; P<0.00001; I2 = 61%), and SEBT-PL (MD=6.04; 95% CI, 3.30 to 8.79; P<0.0001; I2 = 79%) of CAI patients. Meta-regression showed that the intervention time may be the main reason for heterogeneity (P=0.046) in self-functional scores. In subgroup analyses of self-functional score across intervention types, among the intervention time, more than 20 minutes and less than 30 minutes had the best effect(MD=1.21, 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.46, P<0.00001，I2=55%);among the intervention period, 4 weeks (MD=0.84, 95% CI:0.50 to 1.19, P<0.00001，I2=78%)and 6 weeks (MD=1.21, 95% CI: 0.91 to1.51, P<0.00001，I2=71%) had significant effects; among the intervention frequency, 3 times (MD=1.14, 95% CI:0.89 to 1.38), P<0.00001，I2=57%)had significant effects. Secondly, in subgroup analyses of SEBT across intervention types, a 4-week and 6-week intervention with balance training 3 times a week for 20-30 min is the best combination of interventions to improve SEBT (dynamic balance) in patients with chronic ankle instability.
Conclusion: Balance training benefits ankle function with CAI patients and improve the dynamic balance ability. It is recommended to obtain the best rehabilitation effect by intervening 3 times a week, each intervention time of 20min to 30min, and consecutively intervening for 4 weeks or 6 weeks.
Systematic review registration: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/,identifier CRD4202450 2230.
Pre-breeding in alfalfa germplasm develops highly differentiated populations, as revealed by genome-wide microhaplotype markers
Authors: Medina Cesar A. , Zhao Dongyan , Lin Meng , Sapkota Manoj , Sandercock Alexander M. , Beil Craig T. , Sheehan Moira J. , Irish Brian M. , Yu Long-Xi , Poudel Hari , Claessens Annie , Moore Virginia , Crawford Jamie , Hansen Julie , Viands Donald , Peel Michael D. , Tilhou Neal , Riday Heathcliffe , Brummer E. Charles , Xu Zhanyou
Published: April 2024

Plant genebanks contain large numbers of accessions that likely harbor useful alleles or genes absent in commercial plant breeding programs. Broadening the genetic base of commercial alfalfa germplasm with these useful genetic variations can be accomplished by screening the extensive genetic diversity in germplasm collections and enabling maximal recombination among selected genotypes. In this study we surveyed the genetic diversity and differentiation of germplasm pools selected in northern US latitudes (USDA Plant Hardiness Zone seven or less) originating from Eurasian germplasm. The germplasm evaluated here included four BASE populations (C0) from different geographical origins (CASIA, EURO, OTTM, SYBR), 20 cycle-one populations (C1) generated from each of the four BASE populations selected in five locations in the USA and Canada, and four commercial cultivars. A panel of 3,000 SNP Diversity Array Technologies (DArTag) markers harboring ~ 12,000 microhaplotypes were used to quantify genetic diversity and population structure. Principal Component Analysis and Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components identified substantial population structure among the alfalfa populations based on their geographical origin, while the check cultivars formed a central cluster. Inbreeding coefficients (FIS) ranged from − 0.1 to 0.006, and 27 out of 28 populations had negative FIS values, indicating an excess of heterozygotes. Interpopulation genetic distances were calculated using Rho and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) parameters. Pairwise population Rho values ranged from 0.007 to 0.336. All BASE populations had the lowest Rho values compared to C1 populations and check cultivars. AMOVA found high variance among individuals within populations and low variance between populations. Variation among population was highest among check cultivars and lowest in BASE populations at 10.6% and 7.3% of total molecular variation, respectively. This study shows that BASE populations have high gene diversity, low interpopulation distances, and minimal inbreeding which is required for base-broadening selection.
Factors influencing underrepresented geoscientists' decisions to accept or decline faculty job offers
Authors: Duffy Margaret , Barnes Liza , Wirz Christopher , Ranganathan Meghana , Freilich Mara , Freese Lyssa , Lalk Ellen , Wilcots Julia
Published: April 2024

Many geoscience departments are taking steps to recruit and retain faculty from underrepresented groups. Here we interview 19 geoscientists who identify as an underrepresented race or gender who recently declined a tenure-track faculty job offer. A range of key factors influenced their decisions to accept or decline a position including commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) including personal identities, DEI initiatives, and mentorship; (in)civility during job interviews; values revealed in negotiation; and compatibility with personal life including family and geography. Many of the participants experienced hiring processes inconsistent with existing recommendations to increase faculty diversity. Therefore, we leverage our results to provide actionable recommendations for improving the equity and effectiveness of faculty recruitment efforts. We find that departments may doubly benefit from improving their culture: in addition to benefiting current members of the department, it may also help with recruitment.
Investigation of pitching performance and physical changes associated with fatigue
Authors: Ishii Daisuke , Kenmoku Tomonori , Tazawa Ryo , Inoue Kosuke , Matsumoto Mitsuyoshi , Kawabata Masashi , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Takahira Naonobu , Inoue Gen , Takaso Masashi
Published: April 2024

In this study, the impact of repeated pitching on the shoulder performance and physical parameters was examined in 21 male baseball players, averaging 23.1 years old. Pitching performance and physical changes were assessed across six cycles of 15 pitches with 10-minute rest intervals. The visual analogue scale was used to measure fatigue levels, while the active shoulder range of motion was also measured before and after each pitching cycle. The Rapsodo Pitching system was used to measure ball velocity, release point height, spin rate, and strike rate to evaluate pitching performance. Fatigue levels significantly increased after pitching cycle (p < 0.01), coupled with decreases in shoulder flexion on the throwing side (p = 0.02) as well as flexion and abduction on the non-throwing side (p = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). The ball velocity decreased in the last cycle (p = 0.03), while no significant changes were observed in release point height, ball spin rate, or strike rate. Active shoulder flexion on the throwing side emerged as a more sensitive indicator of pitching-related fatigue than overall pitching form. These findings underscore the importance of post-game recovery for both the throwing and non-throwing sides to mitigate the effects of pitching fatigue on shoulder performance.
Contact characteristics and wall and corner effect of abandoned dreg based on parallel line characteristics of particles
Authors: Song Longlong , Huo Yuxiang
Published: April 2024

Waste dump sites are extensively produced during the process of engineering constructions. The side slopes of these artificial geological bodies possess waste particles with varying shapes, and the deformation and failure mechanisms are often complex, leading to frequently occurred slope instability events. In this study, we simplified waste particles by defining 4 types of particles with different shapes, which are distinguished by the presence of parallel sides. By performing a series of numerical simulations of direct shear tests, we investigated the wall-corner effect and mesoscopic contact characteristics of the interior of particle deposits. The results prove the existence of wall-corner effect in the waste deposits. Loose particle arrangement and penetrating voids extending along the shear force direction can be observed. The uniform distribution of force chain in parallel-sided waste particles is disrupted, while a circular distribution or the disruption of force chain development is seen in non-parallel-sided particles, indicative of the generation of penetrating voids. When the confining pressure is low, the angle of internal void spaces inside the particles deflects when the shear displacement is 3-6mm, and this deflection in parallel-sided particles is not obvious compared with that in non-parallel-sided particles. Specifically for the hexagonal waste particles, the extension angle is positively correlated with the confining pressure in the early and middle shear stage. Under the effect of increasing confining pressure or shear force, the arrangement of particles gradually become ordered, and the void spaces extend toward the central and corner areas of the shear zone. In practical engineering, these void spaces can be filled with heterogeneous wastes, and drainage measures can be set in the corners of the retaining wall, thereby mitigating the influence of penetrating voids on the stability of waste dump slopes.
Current Status Analysis of the Prevalence and Regional Disparities of Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy in Japan Using Diagnosis Procedure Combination Data
Authors: Hara Kentaro , Kanda Masato , Kuwabara Hiroyo , Kobayashi Yoshio , Inoue Takahiro
Published: April 2024

We investigated the prevalence and regional disparities in the adoption of robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) across Japan using Diagnosis Procedure Combination data. Introduction of the “da Vinci S HD Surgical System” marked a significant shift towards robotic surgeries in Japan; however, the initial high costs and lack of efficacy data posed barriers to its widespread adoption. By 2023, more than 570 da Vinci units were operational in Japan, highlighting the growing acceptance of robotic surgery despite these challenges. This study adopted a retrospective observational design and analyzed data from 2,857 urban and 4,184 regional hospitals across 47 prefectures in Japan. It focused on the number of RALP procedures, da Vinci systems, and certified urological surgery proctors to assess disparities between urban and regional settings. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the significant factors influencing RALP adoption. Urban areas were found to have a higher prevalence of RALP procedures and da Vinci systems, with urban hospitals performing 937 RALP procedures compared to 195.5 in regional hospitals. The analysis also revealed significant urban-regional disparities in access to robot-assisted surgery, with urban areas housing more da Vinci systems and hospitals performing RALP. The findings highlight a pronounced urban-regional disparity in RALP implementation, attributed to uneven access to advanced medical technologies and specialist training. Urban centers benefit from better access, leading to more RALP procedures. This study calls for policies to promote the dissemination of robotic surgery technologies and enhance specialist training in regional cities.
Eco-Friendly Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Sansevieria Zeylanica: Catalytic Performance for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Sabadini S. , Shaji Y. Christabel , Brucely Y. , Babu B. Ganesh , Sakthipandi K
Published: April 2024

This article examines the synthesis of silver nanoparticles utilizing Sansevieria Zeylanica leaf extract (SZ-AgNPs) as a green stabilizing and reducing agent. The biosynthesized SZ-AgNPs exhibit distinct properties, characterized by a well-defined morphology and size, as validated through UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. The research investigates the potential applications of eco-friendly obtained SZ-AgNPs in environmental remediation, with a particular focus on their catalytic performance in degrading synthetic dyes, notably crystal violet and Congo red. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the SZ-AgNPs is assessed against various bacterial and fungal strains. The findings reveal substantial dye degradation percentages and significant zones of inhibition against both gram-positive bacteria, underscoring the dual advantages of environmentally friendly nanoparticle synthesis for sustainable applications in wastewater treatment and antimicrobial interventions. The study underscores the pivotal role of green nanotechnology in tackling pressing environmental challenges, advocating for the adoption of eco-friendly approaches in nanoparticle synthesis for a more sustainable future.
Pan-cancer and single-cell analyses reveal LAMP3 as a biomarker associated with cancer prognosis and immune infiltration
Authors: zhu zexuan , Wang Cai-Fan , Sun Xin , Tang Hua , Guo Dian-Hao
Published: April 2024

Background: Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3) is a member of the LAMP family and is also known as a marker of mature dendritic cells (DCs). However, it is unclear how the expression of LAMP3 is linked to human cancers or immune infiltration. Here, we conducted a systematic study on the function and mechanism of LAMP3 in pan-cancer.
Methods: The expression level of LAMP3 was studied using the Sangerbox, TIMER 2.0, and GEPIA2 databases in various types of human cancer. The TCGA database and GEPIA2 were utilized to evaluate the potential of LAMP3 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer. The LAMP3 mutation was analyzed using the cBioPortal database. The TIMER and TISIDB websites were used to investigate the role of LAMP3 in immune infiltration. We obtained single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data on immune cells from 75 patients diagnosed with one of the 13 most prevalent cancer types. Pseudotime analysis, GSVA, cellular interaction analysis, and TF analysis were performed using R.
Results: Results showed that LAMP3 expression was elevated and mutated in the majority of tumors, indicating a worse prognosis. The ROC curve demonstrated that LAMP3 can serve as a diagnostic indicator. LAMP3 expression demonstrated a significant positive correlation with Treg infiltration levels, also showing a positive correlation with DC infiltration levels. Single-cell sequencing revealed that the expression of LAMP3 was concentrated in mature DC cells within tumor tissue. GSVA analysis found that NF-κB, apoptosis, and hypoxia were upregulated in this cluster of DC cells. These DC cells also exhibited high expression of various chemokines and were predicted to recruite Treg cells into tumor tissue through CCL17-CCR4 and CCL22-CCR4.
Conclusion: LAMP3 may be a potential biomarker in pan-cancer, particularly in KIRC. Moreover, LAMP3 is associated with immune cell infiltration in pan-cancer and represents a potential immunotherapeutic target for tumor therapy.
Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene, Nickel Oxide, Graphene Nickel Oxide, and Graphene Nickel Nanomaterials Using Horizontal Vapor Phase Growth Technique for Formaldehyde Gas Detection
Authors: Salvador Arturo , Santos Gil Nonato
Published: April 2024

Toxic gases, such as formaldehyde, pose serious health risks and can lead to a range of illnesses, including cancer and damage to the nervous system. Formaldehyde is a common air pollutant found in indoor environments due to its release from various sources, such as building materials, furniture, and cleaning products. The development of gas sensors that can effectively detect and monitor formaldehyde levels is important to ensure the safety and well-being of individuals in these environments. Nickel Oxide, Graphene-Nickel Oxide, and Graphene-Nickel nanomaterials were synthesized using the Horizontal Vapor Phase Growth (HPVG) technique and fabricated as sensor substrates. The nanomaterials were characterized morphologically using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and underwent gold sputtering using the JEOL JFC-1200 Fine coater. Elemental composition analysis was conducted using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Chronoamperometry technique was employed for the electrical characterization, utilizing the Biologic SP-150 instrument. The sensors were exposed to various concentrations of formaldehyde, ranging from 0.95 ppm to 4.77 ppm. The current measurement of the gas sensors was recorded at different input voltages, ranging from 0.25 volts to 2 volts, both when exposed to air and the target gas. Results showed that the Graphene-Nickel sensor showed the highest sensing performance in both input voltages of 0.50V and 2V with sensor response of 420% and 84.64% respectively and in both concentrations gap from low and high with sensitivity of 52.63 and 131.7 respectively.
Pulmonary Function and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Classification: Insights from the Spanish Registry
Authors: Ramos-Navarro Cristina , Sánchez-Luna Manuel , Pérez-Tarazona Santiago , Sanz-López Ester , Maderuelo-Rodriguez Elena , Rueda-Esteban Santiago , Sánchez-Torres Ana , Concheiro-Guisán Ana , Sánchez-Solís Manuel , Network GEIDIS Research
Published: April 2024

Background and Aims
In 2016, the Spanish Research Group on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) (GEIDIS) established a national registry with participation of 66 hospitals to collect information on clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of BPD infants into adulthood. The aim of this study is to examine forced spirometry data in early childhood and to assess their correlation with the respiratory support required at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA).
Methods
The study analyzed data from preterm infants with BPD born between January 2016 and December 2017 who underwent forced spirometry at 5-7 years of age.
Statistical analyses were conducted to investigate the relationships between spirometry results, perinatal factors, and the required respiratory support at 36 weeks PMA.
Results
The study involved 143 patients with a median gestational age (GA) of 27.3 weeks (range: 25.7-28.7) and a median weight of 880 grams (range: 740-1135). Pathological spirometry was observed in 39.2% (56) of the patients.
Among patients diagnosed with BPD type 3, those requiring over 30% oxygen at 36 weeks PMA exhibited an increased risk of pathological spirometry (OR 4.48; 95% CI: 1.11-18.13) compared to those requiring positive pressure with less than 30% oxygen. In addition, this subgroup had a higher risk of developing a restrictive-mixed pattern compared to those with BPD type 1 (OR 10,65; 95% IC 2,06-54,98) and BPD type 2 (OR 6,76; 95% IC 1,09-42,06). No significant differences were found in the incidence of an obstructive pattern between BPD types. Additionally, the study revealed distinct etiopathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of restrictive versus obstructive patterns.
Conclusions:
The requirement of more than 30% oxygen at 36 weeks PMA serves as a risk indicator for pulmonary function impairment in school-aged children with BPD. These findings suggest persistent airway and parenchymal injury in this specific patient population, and highlight the importance of careful monitoring to evaluate their long-term effects on lung function.
An Adrenal Mass After Colorectal Carcinoma, Is It a Primer Lesion, a Metastasis or Nothing? A Case Report
Authors: DAŞ Adalet , CAKCAK İbrahim Ethem , KARABULUT Derya , TÜRK Dicle TAMER
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Liver is the most frequent metastatic site of colorectal carcinoma. Adrenal metastasis is the second most common reason of “adrenal incidentaloma”. The presence of solitaire adrenal metastasis from colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is unusual but adrenal metastasis from CRC is not an uncommon event.
CASE PRESENTATION: We present 60-year-old man who has a history of colorectal cancer with a suspicion of solitary adrenal metastasis from colorectal carcinoma. The patient underwent open adrenalectomy after radiological examinations’ and laboratory tests’ compatible results. Histopathological examination showed inflammatory cells with hemorrhage and necrosis.
CONCLUSION: We made a literature analysis regarding the accuracy of imaging evaluations and laboratory tests. It is seen that radiological examinations and laboratory test results do not always comply with the post-op results. Differential diagnosis and different diagnostic procedures should be considered.
Assessment of Rhizopus arrhizus RL (OR398886) chitosan-based films as a sustainable option for fresh beef packaging
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed A. A. , Yehyei Samah M. , Oraby Mona M. , Abou-Taleb Khadiga A. A. , Amin Shimaa A. , Abou-Taleb Kh. A.A.
Published: April 2024

Meat spoilage is a significant concern in the food industry, prompting the need for effective preservation methods to prolong shelf life and maintain product quality. This study aimed to investigate the effects of fungal-based chitosan films at different concentration levels (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) on the sensory, chemical, and microbiological characteristics of beef meat stored at 4°C ± 1 for 12 days. The results showed that the Rhizopus arrhizus RL (OR398886) chitosan-based films, especially at higher concentrations, improved the moisture retention, lipid preservation, and sensory attributes of the meat samples. Moreover, these films exhibited notable antimicrobial properties against bacteria, yeast, and fungi. The survival test and the chemometric analysis confirmed that the samples wrapped in 15% and 20% fungal chitosan-based films maintained the highest acceptability and quality for 12 days, therefore demonstrating their potential as an effective strategy for extending the shelf-life and enhancing the quality of meat products.
China's Revitalized Primary Care and Its Impact on Triple Aims for Chronic Diseases Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Yang , Chu Hongling , Yang Hui , Jin Hua , Zou Chuan , Fang Hai
Published: April 2024

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness, patient experience, and cost-efficiency of primary care versus hospital care for middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases in China, in the context of achieving the triple aim of healthcare: improving population health, reducing per capita costs, and enhancing patient satisfaction.Methods A longitudinal cohort analysis using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) spanning the years 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018.The study included participants aged 45 and older from 450 communities across mainland China, specifically targeting those with chronic diseases. Individuals without chronic conditions or with incomplete data were excluded.Results The analysis encompassed 50,800 subjects. Those who visited hospitals for outpatient treatment—mainly urban residents with higher education and income levels, and with comprehensive insurance coverage—demonstrated poorer health outcomes (OR = 1.06, 95%CI 1.02–1.10, p = 0.002) and higher medical expenses (OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.93–2.06, p < 0.001) compared to those who utilized primary care facilities. No significant difference was observed in satisfaction levels between the two groups (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.92–1.07, p = 0.85).Conclusions This study indicates that for patients over 45 with chronic diseases, China's primary care can achieve health outcomes comparable to or better than large hospitals, at significantly lower costs. Despite some data limitations, it highlights the effectiveness of primary care in improving health for socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, advocating for more government investment and policy support to enhance primary care's affordability and functionality.
Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Predicting 3-Year Survival in Elderly Esophageal squamous cancer Patients Based on Oxidative Stress
Authors: Xie Jin-Biao , Huang Shi-Jie , Gao Lei , Yang Tian-Bao , Wang Wu , Chen Bo-Yang
Published: April 2024

Background There is currently a lack of machine learning model studies exploring the relationship between oxidative stress score (OSS) and the prognosis of elderly Esophageal squamous cancer(ESCC) patients.
MethodsThis study included elderly ESCC patients who underwent curative resection surgery from January 2013 to December 2020. Machine learning strategies including decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) were employed to construct a predictive model for 3-year overall survival (OS) for elder ESCC base on OSS.
ResultsPatients were divided into derivation cohort and validation cohort, and consisted of 340 and 145 patients, respectively. 8 important features which were the most important factors influencing 3-year OS (pathological N stage, pathological T stage, tumor histological type, vascular invasion, CEA, OSS, CA 19-9, and the amount of bleeding) were included in training the RF, DT and SVM. In the derivation cohort, the RF model exhibited the highest predictive performance with an AUC of 0.975(0.962-0.987), while the DT model is 0.784(0.739-0.830) and the SVM is 0.879(0.843-0.916). In the external validation cohort showed the similar trend .
Conclusion The random forest clinical prediction model constructed based on OSS can effectively predict the prognosis of elderly ESCC patients after curative surgery.
Detection of clinically significant prostate cancer following initial omission of biopsy in multiparametric MRI era
Authors: Li Eric , Busza Anna , Siddiqui Mohammad , Aguiar Jonathan , Keeter Mary-Kate , Neill Clayton , Kumar Sai , Mi Xinlei , Schaeffer Edward , Patel Hiten , Ross Ashley
Published: April 2024

Background Multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI) is being increasingly adopted for work-up of prostate cancer. For patients selected to omit biopsy, we identified factors associated with repeat MRI, eventual prostate biopsy, and subsequent detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa, Grade Group ≥ 2).Methods We identified biopsy-naïve men presenting with PSA 2–20 ng/mL (March 2018-June 2021) undergoing initial mpMRI with PIRADS 1–3 lesions who were not selected for biopsy with ≥ 6 months follow-up. We examined factors associated with repeat mpMRI, progression to biopsy, and subsequent detection of csPCa with univariable and multivariable logistic regression.Results Of 1494 men, 31% (463/1494) did not pursue biopsy. PSA density (PSAD) ≤ 0.1, prostate health index (PHI) < 55, and PIRADS 1–2 were associated with omission of prostate biopsy. csPCa diagnosis-free survival was 97.6% (326/334) with median follow up of 23.1 months (IQR 15.1–34.6 months). Black race, PSA, PHI, PSA density, and PSA and PHI velocity were significant predictors of undergoing repeat mpMRI (15.6%, 52/334) and subsequent biopsy (8.4%, 28/334). 8 men were subsequently diagnosed with csPCa (N = 7 on prostate biopsy; N = 1 incidentally on holmium enucleation of prostate). All patients diagnosed with csPCa had PIRADS 4–5 on repeat mpMRI.Conclusions The subsequent detection rate of csPCa among patients not initially biopsied after mpMRI was low at 2.4%. Decisions to omit biopsy after reassuring PHI and mpMRI appear safe.
CT radiomics for Predicting Survival in Patients with Unresectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma after Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhu Yong , Cui Wenjing , Jin Hailin , Wang Jianhua , Wang Zhongqiu
Published: April 2024

Objective: To investigate the ability of preoperative CT-based radiomics signature to be used as prognostic indicators of unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after chemotherapy and develop radiomics-based prediction models.
Methods: Clinicopathological data and radiomics features of 146 pancreatic cancer patients (102 in the training cohort and 44 in the testing cohort) were retrospectively reviewed. Radiomics features were selected by the lasso cox regression model. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to establish the radiomics model, clinicopathologic model, and combined model in the training cohort to predict survival of PDAC after chemotherapy, and then verified in the testing cohort.
Results: Of 855 extracted radiomics features in portal venous CT images, 15 most stable features were selected. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified radiomics model riskscore, diabetes, common hepatic artery invasion, and splenic vein invasion to construct a combined model for predicting overall survival (OS) of unresectable PDAC (with AUC of 0.949 in the validation set; 95% CI 0.889-1.000). While the AUC of the radiomics model and clinicopathologic model were 0.901 (95% CI, 0.812-0.990) and 0.556 (95% CI, 0.382-0.730), respectively.
Conclusion: CT radiomics signature is a powerful predictor associated with OS in patients with unresectable PDAC after chemotherapy. The combined model performed well in predicting survival.
Correlation of non-auditory comorbidities and hearing loss in tinnitus patients
Authors: Tziridis Konstantin , Neubert Benjamin , Seehaus Anna , Krauss Patrick , Schilling Achim , Brüggemann Petra , Mazurek Birgit , Schulze Holger
Published: April 2024

Tinnitus is a symptom often associated with hearing loss (HL) and is in many cases more burdening to the individual than the HL itself. Many approaches have been made to explain the development and chronification of the phantom percept as well as different treatment strategies to lower the tinnitus related burden. In many studies, the variance of the HL data is high and therefore the interpretation of specific data might be difficult. With this retrospective study, we attempt to explain a part of this variance by investigating specifically the effects of non-auditory comorbidity categories on pure-tone audiometric data in a tinnitus patient collective that was homogeneous with respect to auditory comorbidities. We found age dependent as well as number of non-auditory comorbidity (e.g. diabetes mellitus) dependent differences in the mean HL of the tinnitus patients as well as differences in the peak HL frequency relative to the tinnitus frequency. The analysis of the age dependent HL within the different non-auditory comorbidities revealed specific – partially opposed – effects of endocrine, circulatory, muscle-skeletal and digestive disease categories on the hearing thresholds of tinnitus patients. Taken together we argue that in future tinnitus (and non-tinnitus) patient studies also non-auditory comorbidities should be taken into account as possible covariables that might explain the variance found in the auditory threshold development of these patients.
Multi-objective grey correlation analysis based on CFRP helical milling simulation model
Authors: Zhou Lan , Wang Yunlong , An Guosheng , Zhu Ruibiao , Li Guangqi , Ma Rong
Published: April 2024

Helical milling is widely used in aerospace as a key processing technology for Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). However, the eccentric machining characteristics lead to an unusually complex pattern of cutting force and residual stress distribution on the work-piece during helical milling processing. Based on the Hashin failure criterion, a 3D FEM model of CFRP helical milling was built for analyzing the changing law of cutting force, then the three factors and three levels orthogonal tests were used to investigate the influence of machining parameters on axial force, radial force and minimum principal residual stress, finally the multi-objective optimization based on grey correlation analysis was realized. Results showed that the errors of axial force and radial force obtained by simulation and experiment were 10.68% and 12.26%, respectively. The axial force and radial force were negatively correlated to the spindle speed, positively correlated to the axial cutting depth, and uncorrelated to the feed per tooth. The minimum principal residual stress was negatively correlated to the spindle speed, positively correlated to the feed per tooth, and uncorrelated to the axial cutting depth. The degree of influence on optimization of machining parameters was: spindle speed>axial cutting depth>feed per tooth. The corresponding average grey correlation degree differences were 0.280981, 0.216859 and 0.013422, respectively. The maximum value of grey correlation degree in the orthogonal test was 0.874372, and the corresponding optimal parameters combination was the spindle speed 8000 r/min, feed per tooth 0.03 mm/z and axial cutting depth 0.2 mm/r.