bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developmental and evolutionary comparative analysis of a regulatory landscape in mouse and chicken
Authors: Hintermann Aurélie , Guerreiro Isabel , Lopez-Delisle Lucille , Bolt Christopher Chase , Gitto Sandra , Duboule Denis , Beccari Leonardo
Published: June 2022

Modifications in gene regulation are driving forces in the evolution of organisms. Part of these changes involve cis-regulatory elements (CREs), which contact their target genes through higher-order chromatin structures. However, how such architectures and variations in CREs contribute to transcriptional evolvability remains elusive. We use Hoxd genes as a paradigm for the emergence of regulatory innovations, as many relevant enhancers are located in a regulatory landscape highly conserved in amniotes. Here, we analysed their regulation in murine vibrissae and chicken feather primordia, two skin appendages expressing different Hoxd gene subsets, and compared the regulation of these genes in these appendages with that in the elongation of the posterior trunk. In the two former structures, distinct subsets of Hoxd genes are contacted by different lineage-specific enhancers, probably as a result of using an ancestral chromatin topology as an evolutionary playground, whereas the gene regulation that occurs in the mouse and chicken embryonic trunk partially relies on conserved CREs. A high proportion of these non-coding sequences active in the trunk have functionally diverged between species, suggesting that transcriptional robustness is maintained, despite considerable divergence in enhancer sequences.
Inside the coupling of ladybird beetle elytra: elastic setae can facilitate swift deployment
Authors: Yuan Qiufeng , Zong Le , Zhang Jie , Wu Jianing , Yang Yunqiang , Ge Siqin
Published: June 2022

The ladybird beetle (Coccinella septempunctata) is known for swift deployment of its elytra, an action that requires considerable power. However, actuation by thoracic muscles alone may be insufficient to deploy elytra at high speed because the maximum mechanical power that elytral muscles can produce is only 70% of that required for initiation of deployment. Nevertheless, the elytra open rapidly, within 3 ms in the initial phase, at a maximum angular velocity of 66.49±21.29 rad s−1, rivaling the strike velocity of ant lion (Myrmeleon crudelis) mandibles (65±21 rad s−1). Here, we hypothesize that elytra coupling may function as an energy storage mechanism that facilitates rapid opening by releasing elastic strain energy upon deployment. To test this hypothesis and better understand the biomechanics of elytra deployment, we combined micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy to examine the microstructure of the coupling of paired elytra. We found that two rows of setae on the internal edges of the elytra coupling structure undergo elastic deformation when the elytra are locked together. Kinematics observations and mathematical modeling suggest that the elastic potential energy stored in the compressed setae generates 40% of the power required for deployment of elytra. Our findings broaden insights into how ladybirds actuate elytra opening by a strategy of using both muscles and elastic microstructures, and demonstrate a distributed pattern of actuation that adapts to geometrical constraints in elytra locking.
Optimal Taxation with Endogenous Default under Incomplete Markets
Authors: Pouzo Demian , Presno Ignacio
Published: June 2022

How are the optimal tax and debt policies affected if the government can default on its debt? We address this question from a normative perspective in an economy with noncontingent government debt, domestic default, and labor taxes. On one hand, default prevents the government from incurring future tax distortions associated with servicing the debt. On the other hand, default risk gives rise to endogenous credit limits that hinder the government's ability to smooth taxes. We characterize the fiscal policy and show how the option to default alters the near–unit root component of taxes in the economy with risk-free borrowing. (JEL D52, E62, H21, H24, H63)
Festiwale muzyki popularnej w Polsce i ich oddziaływanie jako problem badawczy geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej
Authors: Matykowski Roman , Zmudzińska Kamila
Published: June 2022

Wzrost liczby festiwali w latach 60. i 70. XX w. wzbudził zainteresowanie przedstawicieli różnych nauk społecznych i humanistycznych tą problematyką, w tym również geografii. Pierwszym celem niniejszego opracowania jest omówienie sytuacji problemowej i konceptualizacja studiów nad festiwalami z perspektywy geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej. Drugim celem związanym z badaniami empirycznymi w Polsce jest charakterystyka oddziaływania i uczestników następujących festiwali: Muzycznego Campingu w Brodnicy w latach 1985 i 1988, Festiwalu Rockowego w Jarocinie w 1988 r. i Jarocin Festiwal w 2018 r. oraz Enea Spring Break Showcase Festival & Conference w 2018 r. Przedmiotem tej dalszej analizy były festiwale, na których autorzy prowadzili badania terenowe (wykorzystanie rejestrów meldunkowych, badania ankietowe, wywiady i obserwacja uczestnicząca) w latach 1985–1988 i w 2018 r. Dokonując porównania cech społeczno-demograficznych festiwalowiczów z imprez w latach 80. i końca drugiej dekady XXI w., można stwierdzić wzrost przeciętnego wieku uczestników oraz zmianę struktury według płci (od wyraźnej dominacji mężczyzn do struktury mniej więcej zrównoważonej). W przypadku festiwalu w Jarocinie zmieniła się również siła jego oddziaływania przestrzennego, a impreza ta przekształciła się z wydarzenia o zasięgu ogólnokrajowym w wydarzenie o zasięgu makroregionalnym. Regionalnym zasięgiem cechował się najmniejszy z badanych festiwali – Enea Spring Break.
TREINAMENTO, DESENVOLVIMENTO E EDUCAÇÃO (TD&E): CARACTERÍSTICAS E CRENÇAS EM UMA EMPRESA INTENSIVA EM TECNOLOGIA
Authors: Sampaio Camila Edwiges Sobral , Mattos Carlos André Corrêa de , Oliveira Priscila Eny , Álvares Waldemar Henrique Viana , Mancebo Carlos Henrique Andrade
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as crenças sobre treinamento em uma empresa de tecnologia com atuação na área de telecomunicações. O método, do tipo survey, utilizou amostragem probabilística aleatória simples e tratamento quantitativo. Os dados foram obtidos com a utilização da Escala de Crenças sobre Sistemas de Treinamento Desenvolvimento e Educação, conforme Mourão et al. (2012). Os escores revelaram crenças favoráveis ao treinamento na organização. A análise de agrupamentos identificou quatro grupos e mostrou que 18,70% (23) dos respondentes consideram que o levantamento de necessidades de treinamento precisa ser aprimorado. A regressão linear múltipla confirmou a relação de dependência entre as crenças nos resultados e processos de treinamentos e a contribuição dos treinamentos para os indivíduos e as organizações e a necessidade de um processo de identificação de necessidades adequado e cuidadoso. A conclusão recomenda o aprofundamento do estudo, mas sinaliza favoravelmente à aceitação das ações e do treinamento.
The Persisting Problem of Persistence: A Call for an Alternative Theory
Authors: Badejo Omobola Olufunto
Published: June 2022

The question of how to characterise the diachronic identity of a concrete particular within a metaphysical framework is the problem of persistence. There are two major theories, Endurantism and Perdurantism affirming a problem of persistence for concrete particulars. While Endurantism, on the one hand, argues that concrete particulars persist wholly, Perdurantism, on the other hand, argues that they persist as temporal slices. This paper argues that neither Endurantism nor Perdurantism adequately characterise the persistence of concrete particulars. This is because there is an impasse between these two major theories of persistence. The article concludes that hence, there is a need for another hypothesis or theory of persistence to address the problem of persistence in metaphysics. This paper broadens the discourse on persistence of concrete objects beyond a debate between Endurantism and Perdurantism. The paper uses the methods of conceptual analysis and philosophical argumentation.
Κρίση, τραύματα και κίνδυνοι
Authors: Δημητρίου Γεώργιος
Published: June 2022

Στόχος της διατριβής είναι η κριτική αποτίμηση των σύγχρονων θεωριών δημοκρατίας και η αξιολόγηση των μορφών συλλογικής ταύτισης που απορρέουν από αυτές. Η βασική θεωρητική θέση είναι ότι η δημοκρατική πολιτική προϋποθέτει την ενδεχομενικότητα του πολιτικού, αμφισβητώντας σταθερές ιεραρχίες ή απόλυτες εξουσίες. Με κύριους πυλώνες τις θεωρίες των Ερνέστο Λακλάου, Σαντάλ Μουφ, Ζακ Ρανσιέρ, Μισέλ Φουκώ, Τζούντιθ Μπάτλερ κ.α. προβληματοποιούνται συλλογικά υποκείμενα και στρατηγικές αγωνισμού. Ένα δημοκρατικό σώμα κατασκευάζεται, αλλάζει και προσαρμόζεται έτσι ώστε να προχωράει με γνώμονα τη συμμετοχικότητα και το άνοιγμα στο «άλλο», απορρίπτοντας πρότυπα αρτιότητας, πληρότητας ή κανονικότητας. Οι έννοιες του Μερισμού της Ενδεχομενικότητας (ΜτΕ), της ανάπηρης σωματικότητας και της δια-στροφικής κίνησης, που εισάγει η παρούσα διατριβή, προτάσσουν το αίτημα για συμπεριληπτικές ταυτότητες, πληθυντικές, διερευνητικές και μη-κανονικοποιητικές λειτουργίες, παράλληλα με τα συνεχή ανοίγματα σε εναλλακτικές μορφές σχεσιακότητας. Σε μια εποχή που ο εντεινόμενος αυταρχισμός των νεοφιλελεύθερων μορφών διακυβέρνησης εντοπίζει τραύματα, ελλείψεις και μειονεξίες για να δικαιολογήσει τεχνικές εκμετάλλευσης (ενισχύοντας το φαντασιακό του άτρωτου-κυρίαρχου δυτικού υποκειμένου), το κύριο ζητούμενο σε θεωρητικό και πρακτικό επίπεδο είναι η ανάδειξη των όρων δημιουργίας μιας νέας κυβερνολογικής στη βάση της αποδοχής της κοινής τρωτότητας και της ασφάλειας μέσα από τη συνεργασία, την ίση ελευθερία και όχι μέσα από τη μάχη για την επιβίωση του δυνατότερου. Το κίνημα των ελληνικών πλατειών του 2011 και το Δημοψήφισμα του 2015 χρησιμεύουν ως μελέτες περίπτωσης, επισημαίνοντας τα στοιχεία πολιτικής ενδεχομενικότητας και κοινής επισφάλειας που εμφάνισαν. Το συμπέρασμα της διατριβής είναι ότι η ανάγκη για δημοκρατικό λόγο και συμπεριληπτικές μορφές κοινής δράσης συμβαδίζουν με την κατασκευή διαφορετικών τακτικών κοινωνικής ενσωμάτωσης και αγωνιστικής κίνησης.
Prevalence of Critical Congenital Heart Disease During Surgical Mission Trips to Low-Middle Income Countries. What to Expect
Authors: Cardarelli Marcelo , Polivenok Igor , Chadikovski Vladimir , Aboodi Ahmed , Mindel Aqueel , Koroson Elena , Goobha Naema , Novick William
Published: June 2022

Background

The incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) is about 8 per 1000 live births. About 20% of those patients diagnosed with CHD will present early after birth with Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD) necessitating a catheter or surgical intervention during the neonatal period. This is based on Western literature and Western countries. Little is known about the actual prevalence of CCHD at the time of clinical assessment and treatment during surgical missions in low and middle income countries (LMICs).

Methods

This is a retrospective study and it compares prevalence of CCHD at time of presentation for surgery in LMICs

to published data for similar cohorts in the USA. We discuss potential causes for epidemiological discrepancies

Proportions were compared using OR and 95% CI. Significance was set at p<0.01. We chose to classify our patients considering the number of ventricles (1or 2) combined with the existence of Aortic Arch obstruction (Yes/No) resulting in a CCHD classification with 4 categories

Results

Between Feb 2008 - June 2019 we operated 6115 patients in 27 countries. Of those, 243 Neonates were presented to our cardiologists

after excluding simple PDA ligations in Preterm newborns and 239 neonates were surgically treated for their CCHD

(4% of the total). overall surgical mortality among the 243 neonates operated in LMIC for their CCHD was 19.7% (n=48). Main discrepancies were in Classes 1 represented by  63% of our treated CCHD (p<.0001) while Class 4 neonates represented only 4.2% of our total (p<.0001). When compared to Western prevalence, Transposition of the Great Arteries was over-represented while some cyanotic (ToF) and non-cyanotic diagnosis (Critical Aortic Stenosis) were under-represented.

Conclusions

Patients diagnosed and treated for CCHD in LMICs during humanitarian missions represent but a very small fraction of the total number of  patients born with CCHD in those countries. 

Discrepancies in specific diagnoses and prevalence between LMIC and their high-income counterparts are likely multifactorial, and management should be adapted to the conditions of each country and health system.

Proper prenatal diagnosis, specialized critical neonatal transportation systems, countrywide availability of Prostaglandins and at least one highly functioning heart center are some of the most basic needs required in order to revert the current natural history of CCHD in countries with limited resources settings.
Ten years follow-up under atorvastatin therapy of patients with carotid artery stenosis: the prognostic impact of oxidised low-density lipoprotein on carotid plaque progression and restenosis.
Authors: Polydorou Adamantia , Alexopoulos Konstantinos , Polydorou Victoria , Skopelitis Elias , Κougiali Xanthula , Liasis Nikolaos , Demesticha Theano , Piagkou Maria , Protogerou Vasilios , Filippou Dimitris , Velissariou Eleni , Dimakopulos George , Troupis Theodoros
Published: June 2022

Background: Atorvastatin reduces oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels and reduces the rate of plaque progression in patients with and without prior carotid angioplasty. The aim of our study was to investigate the durability of this effect and to explore possible prognostic impact of oxLDL levels on carotid stenosis and plaque stability.
            Methods: 106 patients (71 males, mean age 64.82±7.26 years) were studied. They were divided into two groups. Group 1 including patients with carotid stenosis >70% (n=50) who underwent carotid angioplasty prior to enrolment. Group 2 included those with <70% stenosis who were treated medically and were given atorvastatin with dose adjusted to maintain LDL cholesterol <100mg/dl. Anthropometrics, complete lipid profile, oxLDL and ultrasonography were performed at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 12 months and yearly thereafter for 10 years.
            Results: oxLDL levels significantly decreased from 53.3±10.91 mg/dl at baseline to 8.31±2.08 mg/dl at 12 months (p<0.001) and remained stable until the 10th year. In group 1, restenosis (>70%) was noticed in four patients, yet no further intervention was needed due to plaque morphology (echo-grade IV). In group 2, carotid stenosis was initially reduced (6th month – 4th year) and later relapsed (5th – 10th year), yet plaque morphology was recorded as type III or IV in almost all patients of group 2 (53=95%), indicating a significantly lower risk for stroke.
            Conclusion: Atorvastatin treatment to a target of LDL <100 mg/dl in patients with carotid stenosis is associated with marked and durable reduction of lipid levels, especially oxLDL and LDL and reduction in the rate of stenosis progression, improved plaque stability and decreased stroke risk.
Scientific literacy and preferred resources used by Latin American medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational survey
Authors: Nicolalde Bryan , Añazco Diego , Jaramillo-Cartwright Maria Jose , Salinas Ivonne , Pacheco-Carrillo Aldo , Hernández-Chávez Saliha , Moyano Gimena , Teran Enrique
Published: June 2022

Background:This study aims to identify the preferred sources for acquiring knowledge about COVID-19 and to evaluate basic knowledge on critical scientific literature appraisal in students from medical schools located in Spanish speaking countries in Latin America. 

Methods:We designed an online survey of 15 closed-ended questions related to demographics, preferred resources for COVID-19 training, and items to assess critical appraisal skills. A snowball method was used for sampling. We conducted a descriptive analysis and Chi-squared tests to compare the proportion of correct identification of the concept of a preprint and a predatory journal when considering a) self-perceived level of knowledge, b) public vs private school, c) inclusion of a scientific literature appraisal subject in the curriculum, and d) progress in medical school.

Results:Our sample included 770 valid responses, out of which most of the participants included were from Mexico (n=283, 36.8%) and Ecuador (n=229, 29.7%). Participants preferred using evidence-based clinical resources (EBCRs) to learn more about COVID-19 (n=182, 23.6%). The preferred study design was case report/series (n=218, 28.1%). We found that only 265 participants correctly identified the concept of a preprint (34.4%), while 243 students (31.6%) correctly identified the characteristics of a predatory journal. We found no significant differences in the proportion of correct answers regardless of the self-perceived level of knowledge, progress in medical school, or scientific literature critical appraisal classes.

Conclusion:This study is novel in its approach of identifying sources of knowledge used by Latin American medical students and provides insights into the need to reinforce training in critical appraisal of scientific literature during medical school.
Expressive writing in a Saudi university English foreign language (EFL) classroom: Evaluating gains in syntactic complexity
Authors: Abdulaziz Alkhalaf Shatha Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Background: This study determines if the English foreign language (EFL) Saudi students achieve greater syntactic complexity when they engage in expressive writing than when they write about a general topic.

Methods: This study employs an ex post facto research design to compare the writing output of EFL learners. The sample comprised of 24 college students enrolled in an English writing course, at Department of English and Translation, College of Sciences and Arts, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia for the academic year 2021-2022. The participants were assigned randomly, and their writing was analyzed using the computer software named Web-based L2 Syntactic Complexity Analyzer. Lu’s (2010) four board element of syntactic complexity and 14 units is employed to analyze the data.

Results: Results show that students achieve higher syntactic complexity when engaging in writing on emotional topics (expressive writing) than when writing on general topics. Further, analysis shows that students' emotional writings are significant on three syntactic complexity measures, i.e., length of production units; amount of subordination; and phrase sophistication. The fourth measure, i.e., coordination, does not reflect significant differences between their expressive writing and general writing.

Conclusions: The study's implications are expected to aid EFL instructors and curriculum designers in successfully implementing language education, particularly in writing, in the Saudi context. In line with the input hypothesis, this research suggests that writing about personal emotional events may enhance the quality of language two (L2) writing by increasing syntactic complexity. In this dimension, this study could be additional evidence of the Krashen hypothesis.
Determinants of under-five anaemia in the high prevalence regions of Ghana
Authors: Alhassan Abdul Rauf , Yakubu Musah
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Anaemia is a serious public health issue that mostly affects children and women throughout their lives, resulting in a high morbidity and mortality burden. It is the third most dominant cause of hospital admission among children under-five in Ghana and the fourth leading cause of under-five mortality in Ghana.  This study aims to identify the determinants of under-five anaemia in the high prevalent regions of Ghana using the Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey (2019 GMIS).

Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey (2019 GMIS). The data was analysed using SPSS version 20.  The relationship between the dependent and independent variables was established using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression model. A p-value of 0.05 was used to determine the statistical significance of the study.

Results: There were 913 eligible under-five children for this study, with 50.2% males and 49.8% females. The prevalence of under-five anaemia recorded in this current study for the three northern regions was 68.0%. The region with dominant (72.9%) prevalence was the Upper East region. Children of lower age group were more likely to be diagnosed with anaemia (P < 0.05). Children with female household heads were 35% less likely to be diagnosed with anaemia (AOR=0.65, 95% C.I.= 0.421-0.995). Those who had mothers with higher educational attainment were 79% less likely to be diagnosed with anaemia (AOR=0.21, 95% C.I.=0.085–0.541). Finally, those with history of fever in the last weeks were 62% more likely (AOR=1.62, 95% C.I. = 1.155–2.282).

Conclusions: The high prevalence in the three northern regions of Ghana can be corrected with women empowerment through higher formal educational achievement and improved income status.
Knowledge and practice of community pharmacists towards SGLT2 inhibitors
Authors: Alqudah Abdelrahim , Oqal Muna , Al-Samdi Ahmad , Qnais Esam , Wedyan Mohammed , Abu Gneam Majd , Alnajjar Roaa , Alajarmeh Manar , Yousef Elaf , Gammoh Omar
Published: June 2022

Background: Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of oral anti-diabetic drugs which improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by preventing the kidney from reabsorbing glucose back to blood. Community pharmacists have long-term relationships with most of their chronic patients, so they play a key role in care for people with diabetes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess pharmacists’ knowledge and practice towards SGLT2 inhibitors. Thus, improving pharmacists’ knowledge about this group of medications could improve the treatment outcome of people with diabetes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to meet the study objectives. A convenience sample of 348 community pharmacists in Jordan was recruited. knowledge and practice were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire created for the purpose of this study.

Results: A total of 400 community pharmacists were reached, of whom 348 answered the survey (response rate 87%). The results indicated that SGLT2 inhibitors knowledge score among community pharmacists in Jordan was 6.61 (out of 12). Factors like age, gender, location of the pharmacy, years of pharmacists’ experience had no effect on knowledge score; however, pharmacists who attended training courses on diabetes had higher knowledge scores. Additionally, pharmacists’ dispensing practice toward SGLT2 inhibitors had insufficient knowledge, such as lack of knowledge about the superiority of SGLT2 inhibitors over other anti-diabetics and inability to give the best advice to patients.

Conclusions: Our findings reflect a moderate knowledge among community pharmacists about SGLT2 inhibitors which may negatively affect the patients’ outcome; thus, continuous education for the pharmacists is essential.
The impact of international macro environment factors on the internationalization of Polish enterprises
Authors: Drabik Ireneusz
Published: June 2022

Motivation: It is commonly noted that the environment of enterprises changed substantially at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The environment basic and characteristic features are changeability and complexity, i.e. turbulence. It is justified to distinguish the enterprise international macro environment as a separate category. Many different ways of understanding this category and of classifying its structural elements can be found in the literature.

Aim: The theoretical aim of the article is to characterize the essence and structural elements of the international macro environment of enterprises. The practical aim is to assess the impact of individual elements of the international macro environment on the internationalization of business activity in the opinion of the Polish manufacturing companies covered by the survey. The article makes use of a critical analysis of the literature on international management and draws on the results of own surveys conducted among Polish enterprises.

Results: The analysis and monitoring of changes taking place in the international macro environment are of key significance for the strategy of the enterprise internationalization regardless of the stage or intensity of the internationalization process. The influence of international macro environment factors is an important aspect that decides whether a given venture undertaken by the enterprise on foreign markets will be a success. As a result of own studies, the impact of individual types of international macro environment factors on the internationalization of Polish enterprises was determined. Attention is drawn to the dominant role of factors of the technological environment.
Methodological foundations of assessing research impact in business and management
Authors: Grzeszczyk Tadeusz A.
Published: June 2022

Motivation: Assessment of research impact in the business and management field is more difficult than in the case of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines and, therefore, it is justified to improve the approaches, methods and tools used in this field and social sciences in general. Methodological research concerning such assessment is quite a challenge as it is not easy to identify useful assessment methods, indicators and evaluation criteria for carrying out objective processes for conceptualizing and measuring research impact. Creating conditions for obtaining reliable results of research impact assessment is accompanied by the growing interest of scientists and public institutions sponsoring their study.

Aim: The article aims to indicate the current main methodological trends in assessing the impact of research in business and management.

Results: The paper presents the results of bibliometric research enabling the identification of leading study centers and main methodological solutions, which may be a source of progress in the field of research on systems and methods of research impact assessment in business and management. This is especially important for the scientific community and public sponsors from countries that are currently starting to implement impact assessment systems. It is worth drawing from the experience, good practices and vast resources of knowledge related to evaluation systems and models of knowledge exchange between academia and non-academic stakeholders.
Principle of financial adequacy of local self-government units vs. local self-government healthcare expenditures
Authors: Karczewska Zofia M. , Mielech Ewelina
Published: June 2022

Motivation: The economic crisis caused by the pandemic revealed problems related to the financing of the tasks of local government units (LGUs). Moreover, these problems are associated with the violation of the constitutional principle of adequacy in financing public tasks, including tasks related to health protection.

Aim: The implementation of the principle of financial adequacy of local government units based on an analysis of local government spending on health care, considering the current situation caused by the COVID 19 pandemic.

Results: The results from the analysis of finances confirm that local governments’ concerns about their financial situation are justified. The decrease in the investment potential of communes and poviats, dynamically growing current expenses, and the apparent increase in total income are the fundamental causes of the analysis. These causes, concerning the diversified number of medical entities in the analyzed cities’ self-government, confirm that the principle of financial adequacy in health care is strongly undermined. Besides, the economic situation caused by the COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted financial and organizational problems in local government units.
Miłość w cieniu traumy w powieści Le mort qu’il faut Jorgego Semprúna i w jej przekładach na hiszpański i polski
Authors: Gaszyńska-Magiera Małgorzata
Published: June 2022

LOVE IN THE SHADOW OF TRAUMA IN THE NOVEL LE MORT QU’IL FAUT BY JORGE SEMPRÚN AND ITS TRANSLATIONS INTO SPANISH AND POLISH Testimonies of concentration camps prisoners are usually exceptionally emotional. The ways of expressing feelings in this kind of writings is a relatively little explored issue, and the existing case studies focused on linguistic markers of negative emotions, such as horror, despair and gloom. However, the range of feelings expressed in the memories of the survivors is much wider and includes also emotions such as friendship, love, and compassion. The article analyzes excerpts from Jorge Semprún’s novel Le mort qu’il faut, particularly those which show feelings for a woman, and their translations into Spanish and Polish. The purpose of the analysis is to list the techniques used by specialists to translate these passages and to evaluate to what extent they managed to convey their emotional temperature.
Czy poezja jest przekładem?
Authors: Kurek Marcin , Ziarkowska Justyna
Published: June 2022

IS POETRY A TRANSLATION? ST. JOHN OF THE CROSS IN THE POLISH TRANSLATIONS OF FEDERICO GARCÍA LORCA AND JUAN GELMAN

The article points to the inspirations of the mystical poetry of St. John of the Cross in two 20th-century Spanish language poets, Federico García Lorca and Juan Gelman, in whom it takes a special form of intertexts. The poets refer to others’ words out of a sense of the inadequacy of language and the inexpressibility of feelings that accompany them after the loss of their loved ones – loneliness, despair, abandonment. At the same time, the act of “rewriting” earlier texts as an expression of apophatic theology is present in St. John himself. An analysis of Lorca’s Polish translations, as well as of Gelman’s experimental poems, leads to the conclusion that the complex web of diachronic intertextual references poses a difficult challenge to the translator and requires extensive historical literary and cultural competence.
La traduction garantit-elle la diffusion des idées dans une autre culture ?
Authors: Madejczyk Joanna
Published: June 2022

DOES TRANSLATION GUARANTEE THE EXPANSION OF IDEAS IN ANOTHER CULTURE? THE CASE OF L’AMOUR EN PLUS BY ELISABETH BADINTER

Translation has certainly contributed to the spread of French feminist thought around the world. There are, however, translations which do not seem to have contributed significantly to the spread of this thought in Poland. This is the case of Elisabeth Badinter’s essay, L’amouren plus: histoire de l’amourmaternel (XVIIe – XXe siècle), published in 1980, which sparked controversy in France. According to the author, the maternal instinct is a social and cultural construct. L’amouren plus was a success and it has been translated into a total of 28 languages. The Polish translation of this work, Historia miłości macierzyńskiej, appeared in 1998, 18 years after the original was published. However, as our study shows, Badinter’s thought is hardly present in Polish works on feminism. Thus, translation does not always guarantee the circulation of the ideas of the original work in another culture or the love of foreign readers.
Comment les péritextes éditoriaux orientent la lecture polonaise de Het volkomen huwelijk (Le Mariage parfait) de Theodoor H. van de Velde
Authors: Skibińska Elżbieta
Published: June 2022

COMMENT LES PÉRITEXTES ÉDITORIAUX ORIENTENT LA LECTURE POLONAISE DE HET VOLKOMEN HUWELIJK (LE MARIAGE PARFAIT) DE THEODOOR H. VAN DE VELDE

La première traduction polonaise de Het volkomen huwelijk (Le Mariage Parfait ; Leyde 1926), ouvrage de vulgarisation scientifique qui soulignait l’importance de la bonne connaissance des mécanismes de la sexualité humaine, a été publiée en 1935 et a été rééditée plusieurs fois avant et après la IIe guerre mondiale. En 1972, une nouvelle traduction est sortie chez un éditeur spécialisé en médecine, Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Lekarskich (PZWL). Elle a ensuite connu plusieurs rééditions par différentes maisons d’édition, subissant à chaque fois une modification de sa présentation matérielle, et plus particulièrement de sa couverture, qui est un lieu stratégique pour l’éditeur, à qui appartient la décision des éléments qui s’y trouvent. Cette étude examine les couvertures et autres péritextes éditoriaux des versions successives de la première traduction et de la retraduction, pour montrer comment les transformations matérielles subies par ces éditions laissent entrevoir des changements concernant la fonction assignée à cet ouvrage par les éditeurs respectifs.
Effects of Brain Attention Biofeedback Self-regulation Training Nursing Intervention on Attention, Multidimensional Impulsivity, Emotional Response Intensity, and Self-regulated Learning Ability of School-aged Children in the COVID-19 Pandemic Situation
Authors: Cho Youngkyung , Park Wanju
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study examined the brain attention biofeedback self-regulation training (BABST) effects on attention, multidimensional impulsivity, emotional response intensity, and self-regulated learning ability of school-aged children in the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design was used. There were 36 school-aged children in the experimental and control groups. The experimental groups received 10 BABSTsessions for 4 weeks. The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnova, Shapiro-Wilk, MannWhitney U, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and Quade Two-Way ANCOVA by ranks for non-parametric tests.Results: All the variables showed homogeneity between the two groups except academic stress that was controlled as a covariate. The experimental group ranked significantly higher in attention (F=4.43, p=.043), cognitive impulsivity (F=9.70, p=.004), behavior impulsivity (F=11.21, p=.032), emotional response intensity (F=21.94, p<.001), self-regulated learning ability (F=8.71, p=.006) than the control group.Conclusion: The brain attention biofeedback self-regulation program, as a brain neurocognitive-based nursing intervention, markedly improved attention, impulsivity, emotional response intensity, and self-regulated learning ability in school-aged children.
Firefighters’ Perceptions of Psychological Intervention Programs in South Korea during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kwak Minyeong , Im Mihae
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Firefighters belong to an occupational group that is consistently exposed to psychological challenges, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study examines firefighters’ perceptions of psychological intervention programs.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 firefighters who were divided into two focus groups. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.Results: Six barriers and seven suggestions regarding psychological intervention programs were identified. The barriers were “work overload”, “uncomfortable counseling situation”, “perfunctory programs”, “lack of consulting specialists”, “limited number of participants”, and “lack of replacement workers while attending the intervention programs”. Suggestions to overcome these barriers included developing “sustainable” and “highly accessible” intervention programs “focused on positive aspects of traumatic events”, considering “job characteristics” and “individual psychosocial characteristics”, as well as employing “experts with knowledge of firefighters’ duties”, and “creating a supportive work environment for psychological intervention”.Conclusion: Based on these findings, the interventions should focus on the positive aspects of traumatic events, with flexibility and practicality, tailored to the individual and occupational characteristics of firefighters.
Influences of Parents’ Interpersonal Caring Behavior on Happiness of School-Age Children: The Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem
Authors: Choi Sook Young , Lee Sook
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in perception between school-age children and their parents on the parents’ interpersonal caring behavior and examine the mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between parents’ interpersonal caring behavior and happiness among late school-age children.Methods: The survey data of 109 pairs of school-age children and their parents were analyzed. The data were collected May 21-July 7, 2021 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses based on the Baron and Kenny criterion.Results: The differences in perception between children and parents on the parents’ interpersonal caring behaviors were significantly different in noticing, sharing, and companioning. Parents' interpersonal caring behavior of children significantly positively correlated with self-esteem (r=46, p<.001) and happiness (r=.66, p<.001). Happiness also significantly positively correlated with self-esteem (r=.80, p<.001). Also, self-esteem (β=.63, p=<.001) had a significant partial mediating effect on the relationship between parents’ interpersonal caring behavior and happiness (Z=4.82, p<.001).Conclusion: It is necessary to develop an intervention program of interpersonal caring that improves happiness for the children.
The Work Performance of Infection Control Nurses in General Hospitals during the Early COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lim Jung Soon , Choi Young Sin , Kim Hee Sook
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the meaning of the work performance of infection control nurses (ICNs) in general hospitals during the early COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This was a qualitative study to explore and describe the implications of the work performance of ICNs during the early COVID-19 pandemic through a phenomenological approach. One-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted with ICNs who had been working since before the COVID-19 pandemic in the infection control department.Results: The topics brought up by the participants were categorized into five themes. The themes included “confusion caused by the early COVID-19 pandemic,” “exhaustion due to an explosion of work related to COVID-19,” “active response as an ICN,” “emphasis on the importance of infection control,” and “overcoming the early COVID-19 pandemic”.Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the competence of ICNs as experts and establish a career management system to overcome the confusion and physical and psychological difficulties experienced by ICNs.
Factors Job Commitment of Preceptor Nurse
Authors: Lee Seo Yeon , Han Kuem Sun
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study was investigated the effects of job stress, communication type, and coaching competency on job commitment.Methods: The subjects of this study were 153 preceptor nurses at a general hospital located in S city. The data collection period was from April 1 to April 15, 2021. A self-report questionnaire was used as the data collection method.Results: (β=-.29, p<.001), ptimism coaching competency (β=.30, p<.001), dysfunctional communication type (β=.16, p=.020).Conclusion: For job immersion, job stress management is required, and in particular, in relation to job tension, it is necessary to prepare a plan to increase job immersion through management because nurses perform the role of educating new nurses as well as their duties as nurses optimism plays a very important role in coaching competency. Therefore, it is necessary to increase professionalism developa systematic preceptorship program.
Types of Recovered Alcoholics Based on the Factors Influencing Recovery from Alcoholism: A Q methodology
Authors: Sung Hyunsuk , Jun Seong Sook , Lee Eunyoung
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to identify the types of recovered alcoholics based on the factors that influence recovery, using the Q methodology.Methods: Forty-six statements were selected from in-depth interviews with eight psychiatric healthcare professionals and four abstinent alcoholics and literature review. Then, 50 participants sorted these statements in a forced grid with normal distribution from -4 to 4. Finally, factor analysis was performed with the PC-QUANL program.Results: Three types of recovered alcoholics were identified. Firstly, the ‘positive-centered recovery type’ emphasized on self-affirmation and self-confidence and acted on the belief of the possibility of recovery from alcoholism. The second type was the ‘temperance-centered recovery type’, which focused on complete control over daily life to stay sober. Finally, the ‘acceptance-centered type’ was likely to admit the weakness of human beings and pursue spirituality.Conclusion: This study found three types of recovered alcoholics, focusing on the factors that had an impact on recovery and analyzed their characteristics. These findings provided useful information to understand recovered alcoholics, and they can be used to develop a tailored intervention to prevent a relapse of alcoholism.
Factors Related to Physical Activity in Midlife and Old Women with Depression
Authors: Kim Jiu , Hwang Boyoung
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of self-efficacy, social support, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms on physical activity in midlife and old-aged women with depression.Methods: Midlife and old women (N=83) diagnosed with depression were recruited from the psychiatry outpatient clinic in Seoul. Data were collected via self-report measures, and they were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple linear regression.Results: Physical activity had significant positive correlations with self-efficacy, social support, and self-esteem, and it had a significant negative correlation with depressive symptoms. In the hierarchical multiple regression model of physical activity (adjusted R2=.34, p=.003), self-efficacy (β=.47, p<.001) and depressive symptoms (β=-.42, p=.003) were statistically significant.Conclusion: Self-efficacy and depressive symptoms are important factors influencing physical activity in midlife and old women with depression. To improve the physical activity of this population, nursing interventions should aim to promote self-efficacy and alleviate depressive symptoms.
Effects of a Self-Growing Program Based on the Ecological System Theory for Parenting Stress and Posttraumatic Growth of Middle-aged Women with Adolescent Children
Authors: Lee Seung Min , Sung Kyung Mi
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a self-growing program (SGP) based on the Ecological System Theory on parenting stress and posttraumatic growth of middle-aged women with adolescent children.Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group and a pretest-posttest design was used. Participants were 82 middle-aged women, living in two cities, with adolescent children who had experienced parenting stress from July 2019 to October 2019. The experimental group (n=40) received 10 SGP sessions for 5 weeks. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 program for descriptive statistics, repeated measures ANOVA, Independent t-test, Friedman test, and Mann-Whitney U test.Results: The SGP was effective against parenting stress (F=240.49, p<.001) and posttraumatic growth (x2=70.96, p<.001) of middle-aged women with adolescent children.Conclusion: The findings revealed that the SGP can be an effective intervention to reduce parenting stress and increase the self-growth of middle-aged women. Therefore, the SGP could be a nursing intervention to support the self-growth of middle-aged women who experience adolescent parenting stress during a developmental crisis.
The effects of cycling using lower limb active passive trainers in people with neurological conditions: a systematic review
Authors: Barclay Alison , Gray Stuart R , Paul Lorna , Rooney Scott
Published: June 2022

Background Active passive trainers are frequently used as a safe, feasible way for people with neurological disabilities to exercise. However, evidence regarding their efficacy is limited. The aim of this study was to review the literature investigating the effects of lower limb active passive trainer cycling, with or without functional electrical stimulation, on spasticity, cardiovascular fitness, function and quality of life in people with neurological conditions

Methods Five electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2021. Studies included: randomised controlled trials using lower limb active passive trainers as a cycling intervention; participants with neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, stroke and Parkinson's disease; and at least one outcome related to spasticity, cardiovascular fitness, physical function or quality of life.

Results A total of 12 articles were included (n=423 participants, 52% male). Of these, six used functional electrical stimulation-assisted active passive trainer interventions, and the remaining six used active passive trainer interventions alone. A meta-analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvement in walking endurance; however, this only included stroke studies (6-Minute Walk Test performance, P<0.00001). No statistically significant improvement in walking speed was found (P=0.31). A significant improvement in spasticity was reported by three studies (two using the active passive trainer intervention alone, one using the active passive trainer with functional electrical stimulation). One study reported improvement in quality of life. Few studies considered cardiovascular fitness.

Conclusions The included studies featured heterogeneous designs, outcome measures, exercise prescriptions and participant disability levels, which made comparison difficult. Active passive trainer interventions appear to improve walking endurance in people with stroke; however, the effect on other outcomes and in other conditions remains unclear. It also remains uncertain as to whether functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycling is more beneficial than active passive trainer cycling alone.
The effects of inspiratory muscle training in adults with muscular dystrophy
Authors: Cabrita Bruno , Dias Sara , Luisa Fernandes Ana , Correia Sílvia , Teixeira Graciete , Camilo Zita , Simão Paula
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims Patients with muscular dystrophy usually have impaired lung function and respiratory muscle strength, leading to pneumonia and respiratory failure, which are significant causes of morbidity and mortality. Inspiratory muscle training might be a safe adjunct treatment to increase the strength and endurance of weakened respiratory muscles. The researchers have developed a new protocol for inspiratory muscle training and evaluated its effect on inspiratory muscle strength and coughing capacity.

Methods A total of 12 participants diagnosed with muscle dystrophy and decreased maximal inspiratory pressure (<60 cmH2O) participated in this prospective study. Training was individually tailored, starting with low resistance levels and progressing according to tolerance and symptoms. The primary outcome measure was maximal inspiratory pressure. Secondary outcomes were maximal expiratory pressure, peak cough flow and the feasibility of the intervention.

Results There were two participants who did not complete the study, and three were lost to follow-up; therefore, only seven patients finished the intervention. In these patients, the authors found a statistically significant improvement in the maximal inspiratory pressure (P=0.018) and peak cough flow (P=0.046) after 3 months of training. There was also an improvement in the maximal expiratory pressure, although this was not statistically significant (P=0.176). Median compliance to training was 99% (94.5–100).

Conclusions This intervention led to statistically significant improvements in inspiratory muscles strength and coughing capacity in patients with muscular dystrophy. The results were significantly positive and contribute to the evidence in support of this underused, yet possibly beneficial, treatment, although larger randomised controlled trials are required to verify this.