bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İCTİMAİ ŞӘHӘR SӘRNİŞİN NӘQLİYYATINDA SӘRNİŞİNLӘRӘ XİDMӘT GÖSTӘRİCİLӘRİ VӘ TRANSNAVİQASİYA TEXNOLOGİYASI
Authors:   Azerbaijan Technical University, Tağızadә Әsgәr , Tağıyev Fərid
Published: January 2024

This is information that passengers can easily and quickly obtain using telephones, electronic displays, and information equipment. The presence of such a system creates a positive impression among passengers. Quality assessment refers to the procedure for comparing the actual level of indicator values with the standard level, identifying inconsistencies and determining their causes. Today, there are many tools and equipment available to manage both passenger and freight transportation. For a small city, it is important to choose a system that allows you to control the work of carriers of various forms of ownership. Effective organization of mobilization activities through automated determination of the locations of road accidents, emergencies and critical situations, visualization of the location and movement of individual or groups of vehicles on an electronic map.
MOBİL KİBER KRİMİNALİSTİKAYA HAZIRLIQ METODOLOGİYALARININ TӘDQİQİ
Authors:   Azerbaijan Technical University, Ağababayev Rahib
Published: January 2024

Mobile cyber forensics serves to recover potential digital evidence from mobile devices using digital forensics. The development and spread of mobile technologies, the need for mobile-based services and new requirements have led to the development and transformation of mobile cyber forensics into an important field. In this article, a component model is proposed to assess the readiness potential of the relevant organizations in the field of mobile cyber forensics for the detection of cybercrimes, collection of evidence, and investigation of criminal cases.
Social Media Fostering Cybercrimes among Adults in Pakistan: Role of Lack of Empathy
Authors: Baig Khurram , Salman Muhammad , Mirza Motasem Hassan , Ahmad Munir , Hussain Abid , Ayyaz Saima
Published: January 2024

In criminology, digital environments are generally understood as social spaces which open new possibilities for criminal activity and crime victimization. The rapid and vast use of social media technologies has produced cybercrimes among adults. The current study was conducted to investigate the use of social media and lack of empathy as predictors of cybercrimes. The study was completed through correlational research design. Three self-administered research questionnaires were used to measure the research variables; Use of Social Media Questionnaire (SMQ), Lack of Empathy Questionnaire (LEQ), and Cybercrimes Activity Questionnaire (CAQ). Data were collected through online Google Forms. The 1191 adults provided the data. Findings of the study reveal that excessive use of social media predicts cybercrimes among adult. Moreover, results suggest that lack of empathy among adults also correlated with cybercrimes activity. In addition, both social media and lack of empathy are significant positive predictors of cybercrimes among adults. Furthermore, male adults reported greater tendency of using of social media and indulging criminal activities due to lack of empathy as compared to female adults. Role of lack of empathy is contributing a significant role in predicting cybercrimes among adults.  Cybercrimes laws in Pakistan are working poorly and there is no punishment to adults who are the victim of cybercrime activities.
The Spill-over Effects between Oil and Gas Marketing and Exploration Firms of Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) KSE-100 index: During the Times of COVID-19 and Russian-Ukraine War
Authors: Yousaf Ahmad , Adeel Ufaq , Arshad Muhammad Hanan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to trace the mean and volatility spillover effects between oil and gas marketing and exploration firms registered in KSE-100 index in the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). Daily data of 8 firms (MGAS, PPL, PKOL, APL, HITE, HASC, PSO, and SHEL) for the period of 30th November 2019 to 30th November 2022. The whole data set is divided into two subsets, one is after COVID-19 (after 26th February2020) and the other is after the start of Russian-Ukraine war (after 24th February 2022). After that Hamao et.al (1990) uni-variate ARCH-GARCH type modeling is employed to the data in order to explore the dynamic linkages between the Marketing and Exploration firms (oil and gas) registered in KSE-100 index (PSX). The results from the data sets are indicating that there is mix movements between the oil and gas marketing and exploration firms in the KSE-100 index (PSX). The results are providing evidence there is Mean spill over from MGAS to APL, HASC, HITE, PSO, and SHEL. From PKOL to APL, HASC, HITE, PSO, and SHEL. From PPL to APL, HITE, PSO. And there is Volatility spill over from MGAS to APL, HITE, PSO and SHEL. From PKOL to APL, HITE, PSO, and SHEL. From PPL to APL, HASC, HITE, PSO, and SHEL. This linkage is developed between MGAS, PPL, and PKOL to APL, HASC, HITE, PSO, and SHEL due to the co-movements among the mentioned firms. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test is run on the return series and the test is insignificant in all series which is indicating that our return series are stationary at level, ARCH-LM test is run on return series and ARCH-LM test is also insignificant in all the return series means that there is no heteroskedasticity present in the return series.
Advanced Authentication and Access Control for Encrypted Images in the 3D Cube Domain
Authors: Rehman Shafiq Ur , Umar Hafiz Gulfam Ahmad , Aoun Muhammad , Riaz Hina , Qayoom Abdul , Raza Ali , Haseeb Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Image encryption techniques have been widely employed to protect the privacy of images during transmission and storage. However, the challenge lies in providing secure authentication and access control mechanisms for encrypted images in the 3D cube domain. This research focuses on addressing the issue of authentication and access control for encrypted images within the context of 3D cubes. The 3D cube domain provides a unique and efficient representation for image encryption, allowing for enhanced security and privacy. However, ensuring proper authentication and access control mechanisms while maintaining the encryption's integrity and efficiency poses significant challenges. The proposed methods will aim to provide strong authentication mechanisms to verify the integrity and authenticity of encrypted images, preventing unauthorized access and tampering. By addressing the critical issue of authentication and access control in the 3D cube domain, this research aims to contribute to the development of more secure and reliable image encryption solutions. The outcomes of this research will have implications in various domains, including secure image transmission, cloud storage, and digital rights management, where protecting the confidentiality and access control of encrypted images is of utmost importance.
The Impact of Online Business Courses on Student Performance
Authors: Moldez Raul G. , Abbas Qaisar , Dogar Humaira , Nasreen Saima , Hasan Sajid , Lodhi Kashif
Published: January 2024

Online education and its methods have been challenged by researchers since its widespread adoption. Over the past few decades, technology, globalization, and business model innovation have transformed business. Objectives of the study were to assess the effects of online learning on the performance of business students, explore the challenges that hinder online learning of business students and to provide strategies to improve online learning of business students. This study may help online course developers and teachers conceive, develop, and deploy online learning methods. Support staff who help establish curriculum, support services, and professional development may benefit from developing ways to satisfy students' requirements. There was a quantitative analysis carried out. The study used a survey to collect data, and its design was descriptive in nature. A survey consisting close ended questions related to various study variables were administered to a sample of 250 business students of Private universities in Islamabad Pakistan. Data collection was done through personal visits of the researcher.  To evaluate the data, descriptive statistics are used, such as the mean, standard deviation and T-test. Study found the positive perceptions of academic performance and skills development which suggest that online learning can effectively contribute to students' educational outcomes. Furthermore, study identified challenges, such as technical issues and motivational barriers, underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve the online learning experience. Fostering interactive online content is recommended by the study, as it correlates positively with critical thinking and collaboration, key skills that contribute to academic success.
'Annoying Requests': The Missionary Johann Michael Carl Hupe's Collecting In Borneo (1842-1847)
Authors: Keling Jutta
Published: January 2024

Sarawak’s first missionary was Johann Michael Carl Hupe (1818–1861), from the German town of Halle. After working in southern Borneo for several months, Hupe eventually travelled overland from the west to the north coast of Borneo, where he tried to establish a mission school in Kuching. It is hardly known that he was collecting cultural artefacts and natural science specimens of various types in the Pulopetak region (at present, the region about fifteen kilometres northeast of Kuala Kapuas, Kalimantan Tengah) and in Sarawak this early. Today, only a signboard at the old Courthouse in Kuching memorializes him and the site of his mission house. This paper attempts to highlight Hupe’s role as a source for European knowledge and images about Borneo drawing on archival material from the Francke Foundations in Halle. The focal point of the paper will be on the objects Hupe collected and dispatched to Halle. Many of them can still be found in the Kunst-und Naturalienkammer or Cabinet of Artefacts and Natural Curiosities, the museum collection of the Francke Foundations. Others were circulated and passed on in different ways within existing networks. By examining the collecting project of Hupe, it will be demonstrated that, even in the first half of the nineteenth century, interest in Borneo and knowledge of this remote island in European circles was substantial, which connected the island to scientific and cultural circuits, and even into Protestant homes, with the traffic of its objects.
Training on Using Social Media for Marketing for Tattoo Removal Service Managers (PROCARE) in Klaten City.
Authors: Erma Widyastuti
Published: January 2024

The aim of the service is to provide knowledge related to using social media for marketing to managers of tattoo removal services (procare) in the city of Klaten. Social media, in a marketing context, refers to online interactive platforms that facilitate interaction, content sharing, and collaboration opportunities among individuals, communities, and organizations. This includes various platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, TikTok, YouTube, and many more. As technology and internet accessibility develop, this number is expected to continue to grow, providing endless opportunities for innovative and effective marketing. The essence of a marketing strategy on social media is to achieve concrete business goals. This includes increasing brand awareness, building deeper relationships with customers, increasing sales, gaining and maintaining market share, and measuring campaign performance and effectiveness through relevant metrics. Having a presence on social media can also help respond and manage brand image quickly and effectively when various situations arise. This training is a provision for tattoo removal service managers (procare) regarding the use of social media as a marketing strategy.
PENERAPAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA KELAS VIII PADA MATA PELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM DI MTs SA AL-MUSTAWA RANDUBLATUNG KABUPATEN BLORA
Authors: Nurkayati Siti , Rizki Citra Hijriyati
Published: January 2024

Pembelajaran yang efektif adalah pembelajaran yang mampu mengkondisikan subjek didik untuk mempunyai motifasi dan memahami materi yang disajikan. Sala h satu kewajiban pendidik untuk memenuhi kewajiban tersebut adalah dengan cara memanfaatkan media pembelajaran dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, diantaranya media yang dimaksud adalah media audio visual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui bagaimana bentuk penerapan media audio visual dalam upaya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas VIII di MTs SA Al-Mustawa Randublatung Blora. (2) Untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat penerapan media audio visual dalam upaya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas VIII pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI) di MTs SA Al - Mustawa Randublatung Blora. (3) Untuk mengetahui hasil dari penerapan media audio visual dalam upaya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas VIII di MTs SA Al -Mustawa Randublatung Blora. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (Fieald Research). Dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, kesimpulan dan verivikasi. Adapun hasil dari penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Bentuk penerapan media audio visual melalui beberapa tahap yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan tindak lanjut. Media film/video yang diterapkan dalam pembelajaran disesuaikan dengan tujuan pembelajaran, dan guru mengkomunikasikan kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan dengan siswa, serta ada tindak lanjut dari guru sebagai penguatan materi. (2) Faktor pendukung dari penerapan media audio visual adalah tersedianya sarana dan prasarana yang cukup memadai. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah perbedaan tingkat kecerdasan siswa dan sering padamnya arus listrik. (3) Hasil dari penerapan media audio visual dalam upaya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas VIII pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI) menunjukkan Siswa mampu memahami isi materi yang disampaikan.
Kesalahan Mahasiswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Statistika Deskriptif
Authors: Chusna Cahya Amalia
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal statistika deskriptif. Hasil analisis ini sebagai informasi bagi peneliti dalam memperbaiki pembelajaran dan menemukan solusi bagi mahasiswa untuk mengatasi permasalahannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (PGMI) Institut Agama Islam Khozinatul Ulum Blora. Subyek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 10 mahasiswa yang diberikan tes berbentuk uraian. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) sebanyak dua mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan menyajikan data dalam bentuk diagram; 2) sebanyak empat mahasiswa melakukan ketidakkonsistenan dalam menggunakan simbol matematika. Dan 3) sebanyak empat mahasiswa kesalahan dalam menghitung serta kesalahan dalam menggunakan rumus. Sedangkan sebagian besar mahasiswa mampu memahami konsep dari mata kuliah statistika deskriptif, namun masih kurang teliti dalam melakukan perhitungan dan penggunaan simbol.
Inovasi Pengembangan Kurikulum PAI dalam Mengatasi Tantangan Etika Teknologi
Authors: 'Ulya Lina Helina Himmatul
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi inovasi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam dalam mengatasi tantangan etika teknologi siswa di SMA Al-Ma'ruf Kudus. Inovasi dalam pengembangan kurikulum dianggap sebagai parameter kunci untuk menilai keberhasilan dan kualitas pendidikan agama Islam dalam mengatasi dilema etika teknologi yang dihadapi siswa. Perlu mengingat bahwa kurikulum merupakan entitas dinamis yang senantiasa berkembang, mengikuti perkembangan zaman dan kebutuhan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu suatu lembaga pendidikan yang merupakan bagian dari masyarakat harus selalu melihat perkembangan masyarakat sebagai sumber belajar dijadikan salah satu bahan pertimbangan dalam penyusunan pengembangan kurikulum lembaganya atau institusinya, pemahaman tentang penggunaan media sosial, keamanan digital, dan dampak teknologi terhadap nilai-nilai keislaman. Penelitian ini melibatkan sampel siswa SMA Al-Ma'ruf Kudus. Metode kualitatif dan jenisnya lapangan. Oleh karena itu sumber data diambil melalui teknik triangulasi, informasi diperoleh dari berbagai sumber untuk memastikan validitas dan reliabilitas. Kemudian dianalisis dengan mereduksi, menyajikan data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa Inovasi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama islam dapat mengatasi tantangan etika teknologi siswa di SMA Al-Ma'ruf Kudus.
HUMAN ONTOLOGY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SEYYED HUSEEN NASR ITS RELEVANCE WITH THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL LEADERSHIP MORALITY
Authors: Yudha Gesit , Hermanto Agus , Hermawan Andi
Published: January 2024

Abstrak

Ontologi menerangkan hakikat dari segala yang ada. Dalam kajian ontologi manusia bukan hanya memahami secara manusia aktual saja namun dari segi hakikat manusia merupakan dari makhluk Monodualisme dimana terdiri dari dua unsur namun didalamnya satu kesatuan. Nasr dengan pendekatan tradisionalnya berusaha menjelaskan hakikat manusia dengan memberikan kritik terhadap ideologi dunia modern yang sekarang sedang melingkupi kehidupan umat manusia. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kepustakaan (library research), dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskripitf-analitif. Sayyed Huseen Nasr selalu mengaitkan pembahasannya dengan teks-teks Al-Qur'an dan Hadits. Nasr mengatakan hakikat manusia tidak bisa terlepas dari campur tangan Tuhan. Dengan demikian konstribusi pemikiran Nasr mengenai konsep hakikat manusia dalam relevansinya moralitas yakni sejatinya manusia memiliki keterkaitan dengan sifat ketuhanan dan memberikan pengarahan kepada moralitas kepemimpinan Bangsa. Dengan demikian memungkinkan terwujudnya negara hukum bukan negara kuasa dalam pelaksanaan ketatanegaraan.

 

 

Kata kunci: Ontologi; Sayyed Huseen Nasr; Moralitas
Dinamika Pendekatan Interdisipliner: Hambatan dan Proyeksi dalam Penelitian Studi Islam
Authors: Triasa Arif Rahmat , Armi Mhd. Ilham , Al Shaleh Masnur , Hilmi Wahyu
Published: January 2024

Penelitian interdisipliner menjadi fokus utama dalam ilmu pengetahuan dan kebijakan akademik. Dalam Studi Islam telah mengadopsi pendekatan ini, terutama dalam menangani masalah sosial seperti gender, lingkungan, dan kemajemukan. Meskipun kontroversial, penelitian interdisipliner di studi Islam dianggap penting untuk memahami kompleksitas kehidupan dan menyelesaikan masalah zaman ini. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan yang mendeskripsikan dinamika pendekatan interdisipliner dalam studi Islam, termasuk hambatan dan proyeksinya. Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang tepat dan sesuai untuk menjawab rumusan masalah yang ada. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara sistematis dan terstruktur dengan menggunakan literatur dan data yang relevan dengan topik pendekatan interdisipliner dalam studi Islam dengan dialogisasi konsep tantangan dan prospeknya. Dalam studi Islam, pendekatan interdisipliner mendapat perhatian karena kompleksitas fenomena keagamaan. Namun, hambatan kognitif muncul dari perbedaan epistemologi dan kesulitan mengintegrasikan konsep, sementara hambatan intelektualisme terkait dengan konflik metodologi, ketidaksepakatan pribadi, dan faktor bahasa. Kesadaran dan upaya kolaboratif diperlukan untuk mengatasi hambatan ini dalam mengembangkan pendekatan interdisipliner dalam studi Islam. Penelitian interdisipliner dalam studi Islam semakin relevan menghadapi kompleksitas masalah kontemporer. Penting untuk menjaga konsistensi dengan prinsip-prinsip normatif Islam dan memahami agama dari berbagai sudut pandang. Meskipun terdapat pro dan kontra terhadap pendekatan ini, penelitian interdisipliner dapat menghadapi hambatan kognitif dan intelektualisme. Kesadaran dan dukungan untuk kerja sama antardisiplin ilmu menjadi kunci untuk memajukan penelitian ini.
Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment and prevention of brucellosis in humans and animals
Authors:   Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, Sadaqat Mohammad Hussain
Published: January 2024

Brucella genus is Gram-negative coccobacilli that cause a zoonotic disease called brucellosis in humans and animals. 12 species have been identified for Brucella, among which four species, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, Brucella abortus, and Brucella canis, commonly cause disease in humans and animals. Brucellosis is transmissible and there are different types of transmission such as animal-to-human (dairy and meat consumption), human-to-human (placenta, breastfeeding, sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, and bone marrow transplantation), and animal-to-animal (aerosol-containing Brucella, placenta and sexual intercourse). Due to having virulence factors such as type IV secretion system (T4SS), superoxide dismutase enzyme, BvrS/BvrR two-component system, LPS with O chain, and cyclic beta-glucan, Brucella can survive and replicate intracellularly and cause disease. Fever, excessive sweating, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, loss of appetite, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, spondylitis, and arthritis are the clinical manifestations of brucellosis in humans. In animals, complications such as abortion, weak calf birth, reduced fertility, endometritis, reduced milk production, orchitis, epididymis, and hygroma may be observed. To diagnose brucellosis, a direct method such as culture or indirect and serological methods such as the Rose Bengal test (RBT), tube standard agglutination test (SAT), 2-mercaptoethanol test, Coombs test, and ELISA are used. According to the condition of the patient, the combination of doxycycline with streptomycin, gentamicin, or rifampin is used to treat brucellosis. While animals with brucellosis are not treated and are slaughtered. No vaccine against brucellosis has been approved for humans yet. But for animals, S19, Rev.1, S2, RB51, and SR82 vaccines are used for prevention. Development and approval of brucellosis vaccine for humans, wider use of animal vaccines, and timely diagnosis of suspected cases will help to better control brucellosis and prevent economic consequences.
Определение основных технологических параметров пароциклического воздействия на пласт с учётом тепловых потерь по стволу скважины
Authors: Гильманов Александр Янович , Ковальчук Татьяна Николаевна , Шевелев Александр Павлович
Published: January 2024

Due to the decline in light oil reserves, the development of high-viscosity oil fields has become more relevant today. One of the most common methods of thermal enhanced oil recovery is cyclic-steam stimulation. Compared to other techniques, this method has an advantage of providing higher thermal efficiency due to selection of its parameters with account of variations in the basic properties of a heat carrier as it moves towards the well bottom. The purpose of this work is to create a method for rapid assessment of optimal technological parameters of cyclic-steam stimulation, in which the temperature distributions along boreholes obtained from geophysical research are used as initial data. The created method allows determination of the time of hot carrier injection, steam soak and oil production. The scientific novelty of the study refers to the fact that an integrated approach relating the problem of hot carrier transportation with the problem of determination of optimal parameters for reservoir treatment is proposed for the first time. The cyclic-steam stimulation process is described by the equations of mechanics of multiphase systems. Euler’s method is used to solve the resulting system of equations. The paper presents: functions of depth-wise distributions of pressure, temperature and velocity and dryness fraction of steam; temperature distribution in the multilayer wall of the well and in the rock (considering a specified heat transfer between the layers of the well materials, water and rock at known temperatures); optimal values of the time of hot carrier injection, steam soak and oil production. The calculations have shown that, due to the in the layer of basalt fiber, the temperature in the multilayer wall of the well decreases within 80%. The maximum value of additional cumulative oil recovery has been established by analyzing the calculated bottom-hole parameters of the heat carrier.
Intuitionistic fuzzy level operators related to the degree of uncertainty
Authors: Atanassov Krassimir
Published: January 2024

Two new intuitionistic fuzzy operators of level type are introduced and some of their properties are studied. They are related to the degree of uncertainty of a given intuitionistic fuzzy set. Geometrical interpretations onto the intuitionistic fuzzy interpretation triangle are provided.
Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy topological groups: Some properties
Authors:   Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College, Santhi R. , Udhayarani N. ,   Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College
Published: January 2024

In this study, we introduce the concepts of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy group (abbreviated IVIFG), interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy topological group (abbreviated IVIFTG), and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy product topology (abbreviated IVIFPT). We delve into the fundamental features of IVIFG, IVIFTG, and IVIFPT in further detail. The characterization of IVIFG and IVIFTG is examined using the concepts of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy continuous (abbreviated as IVIF-continuous) and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy relatively continuous (abbreviated as IVIF-relatively continuous).
Intuitionistic fuzzy operations and operators: Some observations
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Bir Bikram Memorial College, Agartala, West Tripura, India, Bhattacharya Jaydip
Published: January 2024

Since its inception, the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sets is getting popularity day by day. In addition to several operations, so many operators are there to excel the development of this thought. Few of such operators have been focused here. The key objective of this paper is to study those operators over intuitionistic fuzzy sets and to explore some major properties on it.
Spatial chromatin accessibility sequencing resolves high-order spatial interactions of epigenomic markers
Authors: Xie Yeming , Ruan Fengying , Li Yaning , Luo Meng , Zhang Chen , Chen Zhichao , Xie Zhe , Weng Zhe , Chen Weitian , Chen Wenfang , Fang Yitong , Sun Yuxin , Guo Mei , Wang Juan , Xu Shouping , Wang Hongqi , Tang Chong
Published: January 2024

As the genome is organized into a three-dimensional structure in intracellular space, epigenomic information also has a complex spatial arrangement. However, most epigenetic studies describe locations of methylation marks, chromatin accessibility regions, and histone modifications in the horizontal dimension. Proper spatial epigenomic information has rarely been obtained. In this study, we designed spatial chromatin accessibility sequencing (SCA-seq) to resolve the genome conformation by capturing the epigenetic information in single-molecular resolution while simultaneously resolving the genome conformation. Using SCA-seq, we are able to examine the spatial interaction of chromatin accessibility (e.g. enhancer-promoter contacts), CpG island methylation, and spatial insulating functions of the CCCTC-binding factor. We demonstrate that SCA-seq paves the way to explore the mechanism of epigenetic interactions and extends our knowledge in 3D packaging of DNA in the nucleus.
An efficient and straightforward online vector quantization method for a data stream through remove-birth updating
Authors: Fujita Kazuhisa
Published: January 2024

The growth of network-connected devices has led to an exponential increase in data generation, creating significant challenges for efficient data analysis. This data is generated continuously, creating a dynamic flow known as a data stream. The characteristics of a data stream may change dynamically, and this change is known as concept drift. Consequently, a method for handling data streams must efficiently reduce their volume while dynamically adapting to these changing characteristics. This article proposes a simple online vector quantization method for concept drift. The proposed method identifies and replaces units with low win probability through remove-birth updating, thus achieving a rapid adaptation to concept drift. Furthermore, the results of this study show that the proposed method can generate minimal dead units even in the presence of concept drift. This study also suggests that some metrics calculated from the proposed method will be helpful for drift detection.
Microparticle-associated tissue factor activity correlates with the inflammatory response in septic disseminated intravascular coagulation patients
Authors: Meng Shishuai , Xu Bin , Yang Wei , Zhao Mingyan
Published: January 2024

Background

Sepsis is often accompanied by the formation of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Microparticles can exert their procoagulant and proinflammatory properties in a variety of ways. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between microparticle-associated tissue factor activity (TF+-MP activity) and the inflammatory response.

Methods

Data from a total of 31 DIC patients with sepsis and 31 non-DIC patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from December 2017 to March 2019 were collected. Blood samples were collected and DIC scores were calculated on the day of enrollment. The hospital’s clinical laboratory completed routine blood, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein tests. TF+-MP activity was measured using a tissue factor-dependent FXa generation assay. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were determined using ELISA kits.

Results

Compared with the non-DIC group, the DIC group had higher levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and more severe inflammatory reactions. TF+-MP activity in the DIC group was higher than that in the non-DIC group. In sepsis patients, TF+-MP activity was strongly correlated with inflammatory response indices and DIC scores.

Conclusion

TF+-MP activity may play a major role in promoting inflammatory response in septic DIC.
Age, growth, reproduction and mortality of Xenocypris argentea (Günther,1868) in the lower reaches of the Tangwang River, China
Authors: Li Peilun , Liu Jiacheng , Lu Wanqiao , Sun Shuyang , Wang Jilong
Published: January 2024

To investigate various population biological parameters of Xenocypris argentea in the lower reaches of the Tangwang River (China), a comprehensive study was conducted for the first time. A total of 1,003 samples were collected from April to November 2022. The collected samples revealed that female X. argentea had total lengths ranging from 12.4 cm to 25.7 cm (weighing 15.86 g to 159.55 g), and male X. argentea had total lengths ranging from 10.8 cm to 23.9 cm (weighing 9.27 g to 121.06 g). The age of the samples was determined using otolith analysis, indicating that the ages ranged from 1 to 5 years old in both females and males. The length-weight relationships were further analyzed, uncovering the allometric growth index (b) was 3.1296 for females, indicating a positive allometric growth pattern. Differently, males exhibited a b value of 3.0274, suggesting an isometric growth pattern. Furthermore, the von Bertalanffy growth formula provided insights into the growth characteristics of X. argentea, revealing an asymptotic total length (L∞) of 36.096 cm and a growth coefficient (K) of 0.121. The analysis of the gonadal somatic index (GSI) and ovarian development period indicated that the spawning period occurred from April to July, with peak spawning in June. The study also explored fecundity-related traits, finding that individual absolute fecundity (FA) ranged from 11,364 eggs to 56,377 eggs, while eviscerated body weight relative fecundity (FW) ranged from 209 eggs/g to 823 eggs/g. The exploitation rate (E) for X. argentea was calculated as 0.574, suggesting that the population of X. argentea has been overexploited. By revealing previously unknown data on the key life history traits of X. argentea, this study has provided valuable insights that are crucial for the development of conservation strategies and policies.
COVID-19 related messaging, beliefs, information sources, and mitigation behaviors in Virginia: a cross-sectional survey in the summer of 2020
Authors: Silverman Rachel A. , Short Danielle , Wenzel Sophie , Friesen Mary Ann , Cook Natalie E.
Published: January 2024

Background

Conflicting messages and misleading information related to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) have hindered mitigation efforts. It is important that trust in evidence-based public health information be maintained to effectively continue pandemic mitigation strategies. Officials, researchers, and the public can benefit from exploring how people receive information they believe and trust, and how their beliefs influence their behaviors.

Methods

To gain insight and inform effective evidence-based public health messaging, we distributed an anonymous online cross-sectional survey from May to July, 2020 to Virginia residents, 18 years of age or older. Participants were surveyed about their perceptions of COVID-19, risk mitigation behaviors, messages and events they felt influenced their beliefs and behaviors, and where they obtained information that they trust. The survey also collected socio-demographic information, including gender, age, race, ethnicity, level of education, income, employment status, occupation, changes in employment due to the pandemic, political affiliation, sexual orientation, and zip code. Analyses included specific focus on the most effective behavioral measures: wearing a face mask and distancing in public.

Results

Among 3,488 respondents, systematic differences were observed in information sources that people trust, events that impacted beliefs and behaviors, and how behaviors changed by socio-demographics, political identity, and geography within Virginia. Characteristics significantly associated (p < 0.025) with not wearing a mask in public included identifying as non-Hispanic white, male, Republican political identity, younger age, lower income, not trusting national science and health organizations, believing one or more non-evidence-based messages, and residing in Southwest Virginia in logistic regression. Similar, lesser in magnitude correlations, were observed for distancing in public.

Conclusions

This study describes how information sources considered trustworthy vary across different populations and identities, and how these differentially correspond to beliefs and behaviors. This study can assist decision makers and the public to improve and effectively target public health messaging related to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and future public health challenges in Virginia and similar jurisdictions.
Didymium arenosum, a myxomycete new to science from the confluence of deserts in northwestern China
Authors: Wei Shuwei , Li Shu , Liu Pu , Qi Bao , Wang Qi , Li Yu
Published: January 2024

A new myxomycete species, Didymium arenosum, was described based on morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses. The species was discovered in the arid region at the confluence of the Badain Jaran desert and Tengger desert on the leaves of Betula platyphylla and was cultivated in a moist chamber culture. Morphologically, the species is distinguished by the greenish-yellow calcium carbonate crystals on the surface and the spores covered with small warts, some of which are connected into a short line. A phylogenetic analysis of D. arenosum strongly supports its classification as a separate clade. The spore to spore agar culture of D. arenosum requires 23 days, and this study provides a detailed description of its life cycle.
Categorisation of dark photon jets using machine learning techniques
Authors:   , Haacke Concha Michael
Published: January 2024

This thesis presents a search for Dark Photons decaying into two Hidden Lightest Stable Particles (HLSP) and fermions or light hadrons using ATLAS experiment data from the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, with an integrated luminosity of 139.0 fb^-1. This study looks to discriminate the dark photon signal produced by a vector-boson-fusion Higgs from all backgrounds using various machine learning techniques. Among the methods tested, XGBoost emerged as the most effective, achieving a MC simulated significance of 5.88 standard deviations. This marked a substantial 22.5% improvement compared to the standard VBF analysis.
Improving the Quality of Paediatric Discharge Summaries at the University Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Thacker Jigar Prabhulal , Patel Dipen V , Phatak Ajay G , Tandon Krutika , Nimbalkar Somashekhar
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The Discharge Summary (DS) is a vital document for ongoing patient care. Poor quality of DS may lead to adverse events, medication errors, readmission, or unnecessary repetition of diagnostic work-ups. DSs provided by academic institutions may not meet expectations and, therefore, need to be evaluated. Aim: To improve the quality of DSs issued from the paediatric ward of a tertiary-care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective chart review was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Shree Krishna Hospital (a rural tertiary care teaching hospital), Karamsad, Gujarat, India, from May 2018 to May 2020. Thirtythree summaries were randomly selected from the last quarter (October to December) of each calendar year 2017, 2018, and 2019 (a total of 99 summaries), representing the pre-intervention, post-intervention, and retention phases, respectively. In the absence of a contextual paediatric DS assessment tool, a novel scoring system was developed to evaluate 33 components of the DS under seven broad domains. This scoring system was consensually validated. Residents responsible for preparing the DS were empowered in small groups. Peer audits of the summaries prepared by each resident were conducted on multiple occasions by consultants, followed by feedback highlighting areas for improvement. Review of the summaries by senior residents or consultants were promoted. Discussions on discharge processes were emphasised during ward rounds including important DS documentation points. The percentage mean±Standard Deviation (SD) domain scores and the total final score were compared using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc comparisons by Scheffe’s test using Statistics and Data (STATA) software version 14.2. Results: Out of 33 summaries from 2017, one patient file was not traceable at the time of the study, and reviews of 30 and 32 DSs could be reviewed for the years 2018 and 2019, respectively. The scoring tool demonstrated good inter-rater reliability. The mean±SD total % score was 78.50±8.23 in 2017, 85.48±8.91 in 2018, and 88.48±9.05 in 2019. There was a significant improvement (p-value=0.012) from 2017 to 2018. Domains such as history, physical examination, and discharge plan showed significant improvement, while the hospital course domain remained resistant to improvement. Conclusion: The DS score improved consecutively for both years. The quality of DSs prepared by residents in a teaching institute can be enhanced through education, audit feedback, and changes in the work system. These methods can be incorporated into postgraduate training to improve documentation.
Status of Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Lactating Mothers at Six Weeks Postpartum at a Tertiary Care Hospital, West Bengal, India
Authors: Maji Rituparna , Mukherjee Anubhav , Dutta Mousumi , Lahiri Surajit , Bhattacharyya Swati
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Vitamin B12 (vit B12) deficiency is a preventable disorder and has dire consequences on the neurological development of the infant. The only source of vit B12 for exclusively breastfed newborns is their mother’s milk. So, determining the status of maternal vit B12 levels during early lactation is vital. In India, very few studies have documented vit B12 deficiency among lactating mothers, especially eastern region remains unexplored. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of vit B12 deficiency among healthy lactating mothers attending the postpartum clinic at six weeks at a Tertiary Care Hospital of West Bengal, India and also to compare the haematological values between vit B12 deficient and sufficient groups among the lactating mothers. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with postpartum clinic of Calcutta National Medical College, West Bengal, India. The study was carried out over a period of two months, from July 2022 to August 2022. Serum vit B12, serum ferritin and haematological parameters {Haemoglobin (Hb), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)} were measured in 121 apparently healthy lactating women attending the postpartum clinic for a regular check-up at six weeks. Detailed socioclinical history and dietary history was taken from each participant and these variables were compared between vit B12 deficient and sufficient groups. Pearson’s Chi-square test, Fisher’s-exact test, Mann-Whitney U test were applied to analyse the data. Results: The total study population comprised of 121 mothers with an average age of 25.65±3.71 years and 75% of them consumed non vegetarian diet. A prevalence of 19 (15.7%) deficiency of vit B12 was found among the lactating mothers at six weeks postpartum. Mothers who were vegetarian, multigravida and with complaints of paraesthesia were more associated to cobalamin deficiency. The vit B12 deficient mothers had significantly higher erythrocyte indices than the sufficient group but none of the values were in the megaloblastic range. Conclusion: The vit B12 deficiency was prevalent during early lactation in 19 (15.7%) lactating mothers. The first postnatal visit at six weeks might be the most feasible period to screen and supplement these women to prevent long term sequelae in both mother and child. Haematological parameters were of limited use in identifying vit B12 deficiency during lactation.
Atherogenic Indices as Early Predictors of Cardiovascular Diseases among Patients with Subclinical and Overt Hypothyroidism in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karnataka: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Prasad Neelanjana Siddeswara , Hanumantharaya Raghunath , Sannamadhu Mythri , Manjegowda Maithri Chikkabasavanahalli
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a common health issue that decreases the functional ability of life. It is strongly associated with altered levels of serum lipids, leading to an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Lipid profile and Atherogenic Indices (AIs) can serve as better markers for evaluating CVD risk. Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the role of dyslipidaemia and AIs as predictors of CVD risk among patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) and Overt Hypothyroidism (OH) compared to euthyroid controls. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Clinical Biochemistry Section of Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences in Mandya, Karnataka, India from August to September 2019. A total of 150 subjects aged between 25-60 years were enrolled. Fasting lipid profile and Thyroid Function Test (TFT) were analysed. Based on TFT results, subjects were categorised into SCH, OH, and euthyroid groups. Data on anthropometry {(height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and Blood Pressure (BP)}, lipid profile, Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Castelli Risk Index-I (CRI-I), CRI-II, and Atherogenic Coefficient (AC) were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Out of the 150 subjects, 104 (69.3%) were females and 46 (30.7%) were males, with a mean age of 41.08±11.24 years. Both the SCH and OH groups showed statistically significant dyslipidaemic changes and elevated AIs compared to euthyroid controls. Among OH patients, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between TSH and Total Cholesterol (TC) (r=0.463), Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (r=0.448), CRI-I (r=0.414), CRI-II (r=0.412), and AC (r=0.411). Conversely, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between fT3 and TC (r=-0.393), LDL-c (r=-0.363), CRI-I (r=-0.300), CRI-II (r=-0.301), and AC (r=-0.298). Among the AIs, AIP showed the maximum Area Under the Curve (AUC) in both the SCH (0.707) and OH (0.747) groups. Conclusion: AIs aid in the better assessment of dyslipidaemia and CVD risk compared to lipid profile alone in hypothyroid subjects. Incorporating AIs enables early prediction of high-risk individuals for CVD risk.
A Study on SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Association with Co-morbidities: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Saha Anup , Das Pradip Kumar , Chakraborty Gourab , Roy Antara , Das Niladri Sekhar , Debnath Jayanta , Paul Debosmita , Bhattacharya Sagnik
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus (nCoV) that causes viral pneumonia known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19). It can infect people of all age groups, and various clinical conditions are strong indicators of co-morbidities in COVID- 19. The presence of co-morbidities is crucial in determining the clinical outcome of coronavirus infections. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the demographic profile and associated risk factors of COVID-19 in this geographical region. Aim: To assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and demographic characteristics and co-morbidities. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL)-accredited Virology Service Laboratory (VSL) of Tripura Medical College and Dr. BR Ambedkar Memorial Teaching Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India. All the required data was collected between May 2021 and October 2022, and data analysis was carried out from February to March 2023. After obtaining Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) approval, real-time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) was used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. A total of 10,263 samples were included in the study. RNA extraction was performed using the viral Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) extraction Miniprep Kit protocol manufactured by MDI Membrane Technologies, and RT-PCR was conducted according to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-approved DiAGSureTM nCoV-19 Detection Assay (Multiplex, TaqMan based) protocol developed by GCC BIOTECH. The findings were based on demographic parameters such as age group and gender distribution. Results were expressed as proportions and percentages, and statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: Out of the 10,263 registered patients, 1471 (14.33%) were confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most affected age group was found to be between 21 and 40 years, with 524 (35.62%) cases. Males, 927 (63.02%) were more frequently infected than females, 544 (36.98%). Among all the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, co-morbidities were found in 254 (17.26%) cases, and the association between co-morbidities and the rRT- PCR test results was found to be statistically significant, with a p-value=0.01. Conclusion: The highest number of SARS-CoV-2 patients were found in the age group of 21 to 40 years, predominantly among males. Patients with co-morbidities showed a significant association with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diabetes was found to be the most prevalent risk factor among all the patients.