bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Resilience as a Protective Factor for the Body Image in Post-Mastectomy Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Izydorczyk Bernadetta , Kwapniewska Anna , Lizinczyk Sebastian , Sitnik-Warchulska Katarzyna
Published: June 2018

European statistics confirm a rise in breast cancer among contemporary women. Those suffering from cancer and undergoing a surgery (mastectomy) are undoubtedly considered to be in difficult situations. The range of the numerous negative and/or positive emotions, thoughts, and behaviours depend on many psychological factors such as psychological resilience. The authors are currently drawing a report on their own studies where they are trying to determine factors that protect body image resilience in women suffering from breast cancer after mastectomies. The research group consisted of 120 women after a short (up to 2 years) or a long (over 2 years) duration having elapsed since their mastectomy. The results of the research groups show that psychological resilience is a significant protecting factor for the body image that prevents the excessive development of negative self-esteem in post-mastectomy women. Female patients ought to be provided aid in the short time immediately after the procedure and afterwards, when they are less capable of tolerating negative emotions. In order to significantly improve the general body image resilience to emotional and cognitive distortions in post-mastectomy women who experienced breast cancer, it is recommended that psychological interventions (from psychoeducation to psychological assistance and specialist psychotherapy) are conducted systematically throughout the course of treatment.
Vulnerability to Natural Disasters and Insurance: Insights from the Italian Case
Authors: De Masi Francesco , Porrini Donatella
Published: June 2018

The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of “vulnerability” to natural disasters, focusing on the specific case of the Italian earthquake insurance. In this sense, we examine in detail the vulnerability definition and its relevance for citizens and for insurance companies. Then we investigate the Italian insurance market characterized by a very low penetration of natural disasters insurance and the potential effects of a recent Government initiative called “Sisma Bonus”. The idea is that its technical content, in terms of a specific definition of vulnerability, may contribute to developing a better consciousness about vulnerability and a larger diffusion of insurance products.
Prediction of Temperature Distribution in Orthogonal Machining Based on the Mechanics of the Cutting Process Using a Constitutive Model
Authors: Ning Jinqiang , Liang Steven Y.
Published: June 2018

This paper presents an original method of predicting temperature distribution in orthogonal machining based on a constitutive model of various materials and the mechanics of their cutting process. Currently, temperature distribution is commonly investigated using arduous experiments, computationally inefficient numerical analyses, and complex analytical models. In the method proposed herein, the average temperatures at the primary shear zone (PSZ) and the secondary shear zone (SSZ) were determined for various materials, based on a constitutive model and a chip-formation model using measurements of cutting force and chip thickness. The temperatures were determined when differences between predicted shear stresses using the Johnson–Cook constitutive model (J–C model) and those using a chip-formation model were minimal. J–C model constants from split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests were adopted from the literature. Cutting conditions, experimental cutting force, and chip thickness were used to predict the shear stresses. The temperature predictions were compared to documented results in the literature for AISI 1045 steel and Al 6082-T6 aluminum in multiple tests in an effort to validate this methodology. Good agreement was observed for the tests with each material. Thanks to the reliable and easily measurable cutting forces and chip thicknesses, and the simple forms of the employed models, the presented methodology has less experimental complexity, less mathematical complexity, and high computational efficiency.
Effects of Sample and Indenter Configurations of Nanoindentation Experiment on the Mechanical Behavior and Properties of Ductile Materials
Authors: Rahimian Koloor Seyed Saeid , Karimzadeh Atefeh , Tamin Mohd Nasir , Abd Shukor Mohd Hamdi
Published: June 2018

The nanoindentation test is frequently used as an alternate method to obtain the mechanical properties of ductile materials. However, due to the lack of information about the effects of the sample and indenter physical configurations, the accuracy of the extracted material properties in nanoindentation tests requires further evaluation that has been considered in this study. In this respect, a demonstrator ductile material, aluminum 1100, was tested using the Triboscope nanoindenter system with the Berkovich indenter. A 3D finite element simulation of the nanoindentation test was developed and validated through exact prediction of the structural response with measured data. The validated model was then employed to examine the effects of various test configurations on the load–displacement response of the sample material. These parameters were the different indenter edge-tip radii, different indentation depths, different sample tilts, and different friction conditions between the indenter and the material surface. Within the range of the indenter edge-tip radii examined, the average elastic modulus and hardness were 78.34 ± 14.58 and 1.6 ± 0.24 GPa, respectively. The different indentation depths resulted in average values for the elastic modulus and hardness of 77.03 ± 6.54 and 1.58 ± 0.17 GPa, respectively. The uneven surface morphology, as described by the inclination of the local indentation plane, indicated an exponential increase in the extracted values of elastic modulus and hardness, ranging from 71.83 and 1.47 GPa (for the reference case, θ = 0°) to 243.39 and 5.05 GPa at θ = 12°. The mechanical properties that were obtained through nanoindentation on the surface with 6° tilt or higher were outside the range for aluminum properties. The effect of friction on the resulting mechanical response and the properties of the material was negligible.
The Protective Effects of a Synthetic Geranyl Acetophenone in a Cellular Model of TNF-α-Induced Pulmonary Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction
Authors: Sim Tee Yee , Harith Hanis Hazeera , Tham Chau Ling , Md Hashim Nur Fariesha , Shaari Khozirah , Sulaiman Mohd Roslan , Israf Daud Ahmad
Published: June 2018

Alveolar epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to lung edema and can lead to acute lung injury (ALI). The features include increased epithelial permeability, upregulation of inflammatory mediators and downregulation of junctional complex molecules; these changes are often induced by inflammation. tHGA is an acetophenone analogue with therapeutic potential in asthma. Its therapeutic potential in ALI is presently unknown. Herein, the effects of tHGA on epithelial barrier dysfunction were determined in TNF-α-induced human alveolar epithelial cells. The anti-inflammatory properties of tHGA were assessed by monocyte adhesion assay and analysis of MCP-1 and ICAM-1 expression. The epithelial barrier function was assessed by paracellular permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assays, and analysis of junctional complex molecules expression. To elucidate the mechanism of action, the effects of tHGA on the NF-κB and MAPK pathways were determined. Gene and protein expression were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting or ELISA, respectively. tHGA suppressed leukocyte adhesion to TNF-α-induced epithelium and reduced MCP-1 and ICAM-1 gene expression and secretion. tHGA also increased TEER readings, reduced epithelial permeability and enhanced expression of junctional complex molecules (zona occludens-1, occludin and E-cadherin) in TNF-α-induced cells. Correspondingly, the NF-κB, ERK and p38 MAPK pathways were also inhibited by tHGA. These findings suggest that tHGA is able to preserve alveolar epithelial barrier function in response to acute inflammation, via its anti-inflammatory activity and stabilization of epithelial barrier integrity, mediated by NF-κB, ERK and p38 MAPK signaling.
Phytochemical Composition, Hepatoprotective, and Antioxidant Activities of Phyllodium pulchellum (L.) Desv
Authors: Fan Ya-Chu , Yue Shi-Jun , Guo Zhong-Long , Xin Lan-Ting , Wang Chao-Yi , Zhao Dong-Lin , Guan Hua-Shi , Wang Chang-Yun
Published: June 2018

Phyllodiumpulchellum has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb because of its health-promoting effects, such as its hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. In the present study, the petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, n-butanol fraction, and aqueous fraction were successively obtained from the ethanol extract of P. pulchellum. Two fractions, ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction, were found to display hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Further chemical investigation of the active fractions led to the isolation of its main constituents, including 11 flavonoids (1–11) and 8 indole alkaloids (12–19). There were 9 flavonoids (1–9) that were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction, and 2 flavonoids (10 and 11) and 8 alkaloids (12–19) from the n-butanol fraction. Compounds 1–11 and 16–19 were isolated for the first time from P. pulchellum, and 1, 2, 8, 11, and 18 were obtained from the genus Phyllodium initially. Subsequently, the isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro hepatoprotective effects on the human normal hepatocyte cell line L-O2 injured by d-galactosamine and radical scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The flavonoids (−)-epigallocatechin (5) and (−)-epicatechin (6) exhibited prominent hepatoprotective activities with higher cell viability values (65.53% and 62.40% at 10 μM·mL−1, respectively) than the positive control, silymarin (61.85% at 10 μM·mL−1). In addition, compared with the positive control of vitamin C (IC50: 5.14 μg·mL−1), (−)-gallocatechin (3) and (−)-epigallocatechin (5) exhibited stronger antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 3.80 and 3.97 μg·mL−1, respectively. Furthermore, the total flavonoids from P. pulchellum were characterized using a high-performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS). In total, 34 flavonoids were tentatively identified, which had not been previously reported from P. pulchellum. In addition, we performed a semi-quantitative analysis of the isolated flavonoids. The contents of compounds 1–11 were 3.88, 17.73, 140.35, 41.93, 27.80, 4.34, 0.01, 0.20, 9.67, 795.85, and 5.23 μg·g−1, respectively. In conclusion, this study revealed that the flavonoids that were isolated from P. pulchellum showed hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities, indicating that, besides alkaloids, the flavonoids should be the potential pharmacodynamic ingredients that are responsible for the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of P. pulchellum.
Coffee and Tea Consumption and the Contribution of Their Added Ingredients to Total Energy and Nutrient Intakes in 10 European Countries: Benchmark Data from the Late 1990s
Authors: Landais Edwige , Moskal Aurélie , Mullee Amy , Nicolas Geneviève , Gunter Marc J. , Huybrechts Inge , Overvad Kim , Roswall Nina , Affret Aurélie , Fagherazzi Guy , Mahamat-Saleh Yahya , Katzke Verena , Kühn Tilman , La Vecchia Carlo , Trichopoulou Antonia , Valanou Elissavet , Saieva Calogero , Santucci de Magistris Maria , Sieri Sabina , Braaten Tonje , Skeie Guri , Weiderpass Elisabete , Ardanaz Eva , Chirlaque Maria-Dolores , Garcia Jose Ramon , Jakszyn Paula , Rodríguez-Barranco Miguel , Brunkwall Louise , Huseinovic Ena , Nilsson Lena , Wallström Peter , Bueno-de-Mesquita Bas , Peeters Petra H. , Aune Dagfinn , Key Tim , Lentjes Marleen , Riboli Elio , Slimani Nadia , Freisling Heinz
Published: June 2018

Background: Coffee and tea are among the most commonly consumed nonalcoholic beverages worldwide, but methodological differences in assessing intake often hamper comparisons across populations. We aimed to (i) describe coffee and tea intakes and (ii) assess their contribution to intakes of selected nutrients in adults across 10 European countries. Method: Between 1995 and 2000, a standardized 24-h dietary recall was conducted among 36,018 men and women from 27 European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study centres. Adjusted arithmetic means of intakes were estimated in grams (=volume) per day by sex and centre. Means of intake across centres were compared by sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors. Results: In women, the mean daily intake of coffee ranged from 94 g/day (~0.6 cups) in Greece to 781 g/day (~4.4 cups) in Aarhus (Denmark), and tea from 14 g/day (~0.1 cups) in Navarra (Spain) to 788 g/day (~4.3 cups) in the UK general population. Similar geographical patterns for mean daily intakes of both coffee and tea were observed in men. Current smokers as compared with those who reported never smoking tended to drink on average up to 500 g/day more coffee and tea combined, but with substantial variation across centres. Other individuals’ characteristics such as educational attainment or age were less predictive. In all centres, coffee and tea contributed to less than 10% of the energy intake. The greatest contribution to total sugar intakes was observed in Southern European centres (up to ~20%). Conclusion: Coffee and tea intake and their contribution to energy and sugar intake differed greatly among European adults. Variation in consumption was mostly driven by geographical region.
Effect of the Polyketone Aromatic Pendent Groups on the Electrical Conductivity of the Derived MWCNTs-Based Nanocomposites
Authors: Migliore Nicola , Polgar Lorenzo Massimo , Araya-Hermosilla Rodrigo , Picchioni Francesco , Raffa Patrizio , Pucci Andrea
Published: June 2018

Electrically conductive plastics with a stable electric response within a wide temperature range are promising substitutes of conventional inorganic conductive materials. This study examines the preparation of thermoplastic polyketones (PK30) functionalized by the Paal–Knorr process with phenyl (PEA), thiophene (TMA), and pyrene (PMA) pendent groups with the aim of optimizing the non-covalent functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) through π–π interactions. Among all the aromatic functionalities grafted to the PK30 backbone, the extended aromatic nuclei of PMA were found to be particularly effective in preparing well exfoliated and undamaged MWCNTs dispersions with a well-defined conductive percolative network above the 2 wt % of loading and in freshly prepared nanocomposites as well. The efficient and superior π–π interactions between PK30PMA and MWCNTs consistently supported the formation of nanocomposites with a highly stable electrical response after thermal solicitations such as temperature annealing at the softening point, IR radiation exposure, as well as several heating/cooling cycles from room temperature to 75 °C.
Rimaal: A Sand Buried Structure of Possible Impact Origin in the Sahara: Optical and Radar Remote Sensing Investigation
Authors: Ghoneim Eman
Published: June 2018

This work communicates the discovery of a sandy buried 10.5 km diameter near-circular structure in the eastern part of the Great Sahara in North Africa. Rimaal, meaning “sand” in Arabic, is given as the name for this structure since it is largely concealed beneath the Sahara Aeolian sand. Remote sensing image fusion and transformation of multispectral data (from Landsat-8) and synthetic aperture radar (from Sentinel-1 and ALOS PALSAR), of dual wavelengths (C and L-bands) and multi-polarization (HV, VV, HH, and HV), were adopted in this work. The optical and microwave hybrid imagery enabled the combining of surface spectral properties and subsurface roughness information for better understanding of the Rimaal structure. The long wavelength of the radar, in particular, enabled the penetration of desert sands and the revealing of the proposed structure. The structure exhibits a clear outer rim with traces of concentric faults, an annular flat basin and an inner ring surrounding remnants of a highly eroded central peak. Radar imagery clearly shows the interior wall of the structure is incised with radial pattern gullies that originate at or near the crater periphery, implying a much steeper rim wall in the past. In addition, data reveals a circumferential of a paleoriver course that flows along a curved path parallel to the crater’s western margin indicating the plausible presence of a concentric ring graben related to the inferred structure. The defined crater boundary is coincident with a shallow semi-circular-like basin in the SRTM elevation data. The structure portrays considerable modifications by extensive long-term Aeolian and fluvial erosion. Residing in the Cretaceous Nubian Sandstone formation suggests an old age of ≤65 Ma for the structure. If proven to be of an impact origin, the Rimaal structure could help in understanding the early evolution of the landscape of the Eastern Sahara and holds promise for hosting economically valuable ore deposits and hydrocarbon resources in the region.
The Impact of Location-Based Service Factors on Usage Intentions for Technology Acceptance: The Moderating Effect of Innovativeness
Authors: Jang Sung Hee , Lee Chang Won
Published: June 2018

This study presents features of location-based services (LBS) that influence usage intentions in users and the moderating effects of innovativeness for LBS in sustainable mobile-related industries. As LBS attributes, this study identifies location awareness, reputation, trust, and entertainment. This study model is developed based on technology acceptance behavior (TAB) and is applied to LBS users to identify LBS usage intention factors and TAB perspectives. Research measures are identified and examined on 220 LBS users. The study results are discussed to explore significant factors affecting LBS technology acceptance intentions. The results show that LBS users are more likely to adopt LBS with features of location awareness, reputation, trust, and entertainment. In addition, user attitudes toward LBS are found to play a significant positive role, as are user usage intentions. The moderating effects of personal innovativeness on the relationship between reputation, trust, and entertainment and user attitudes toward LBS are found to be insignificant. The implications for theory and practices are discussed.
Religious Experiences of Travellers Visiting the Royal Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe (Spain)
Authors: Robina Ramírez Rafael , Pulido Fernández Manuel
Published: June 2018

The Royal Monastery of Guadalupe has been one of the most important religious destinations in Spain since the 14th century, when the black wooden sculpture of the Virgin Mary (sculpted in the 1st century AD) was found. It was declared a World Heritage Site by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural organization (UNESCO) in 1993 and is presently a tourism attraction of international interest. It is visited by more than 60,000 tourists annually, including pilgrims and other people interested in the cultural and natural heritage of the area. The aim of this study was to decipher ways that religiousness is experienced by tourists with different motivations, i.e., to better understand how religion is linked to tourism through embodied notions of godliness in different modalities of tourism. A total of 242 visitors were interviewed in the summer of 2017. They were asked about the main motivations for their visits, which were classified into five groups (religious, cultural, environmental, social, and educational reasons) and used as latent variables in a path structural equation model (SEM). The model showed strong predictive power (R2 = 87.5%) reporting a significant positive influence of religious, cultural, and environmental motivations on religious tourism in this region.
Uremic Toxins and Clinical Outcomes: The Impact of Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Liabeuf Sophie , Cheddani Lynda , Massy Ziad A.
Published: June 2018

Non-transplanted and transplanted patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) differ in terms of mortality and the risk of clinical events. This difference is probably due to the difference of both traditional and non-traditional risk factors. Uremic retention solutes may constitute important non-traditional risk factors in this population. In the present review, we selected a set of uremic toxins that have been associated with harmful effects, and are an appealing target for adjuvant therapy in CKD. For each toxin reviewed here, relevant studies were selected and the relationship with hard clinical outcomes of uremic toxins were compared between non-transplanted CKD patients and transplanted patients taking into account the level of glomerular filtration rate in these two situations.
Validation of a Computational Fluid Dynamics Model for a Novel Residence Time Distribution Analysis in Mixing at Cross-Junctions
Authors: Hernández-Cervantes Daniel , Delgado-Galván Xitlali , Nava José L. , López-Jiménez P. Amparo , Rosales Mario , Mora Rodríguez Jesús
Published: June 2018

In Water Distribution Networks, the chlorine control is feasible with the use of water quality simulation codes. EPANET is a broad domain software and several commercial computer software packages base their models on its methodology. However, EPANET assumes that the solute mixing at cross-junctions is “complete and instantaneous”. Several authors have questioned this model. In this paper, experimental tests are developed while using Copper Sulphate as tracer at different operating conditions, like those of real water distribution networks, in order to obtain the Residence Time Distribution and its behavior in the mixing as a novel analysis for the cross-junctions. Validation tests are developed in Computational Fluid Dynamics, following the k-ε turbulence model. It is verified that the mixing phenomenon is dominated by convection, analyzing variation of Turbulent Schmidt Number vs. experimental tests. Having more accurate mixing models will improve the water quality simulations to have an appropriate control for chlorine and possible contaminants in water distribution networks.
Critical Issues Affecting Groundwater Quality Governance and Management in the United States
Authors: Petersen-Perlman Jacob D. , Megdal Sharon B. , Gerlak Andrea K. , Wireman Mike , Zuniga-Teran Adriana A. , Varady Robert G.
Published: June 2018

Groundwater is increasingly important for meeting water demand across the United States (U.S.). Forward thinking governance and effective management are necessary for its sustainable use. In the U.S., state governments are primarily responsible for groundwater governance (i.e., making laws, policies, and regulations) and management (i.e., implementation of laws, policies, and regulations). This decentralized system results in diverse strategies and practices. We surveyed a water quality professional from each state to better understand commonalities and differences across states. These professionals identify a wide assortment of groundwater issues and concerns, including quality and quantity impairment, staffing and budget issues, private well vulnerability, and overdraft. Respondents indicate contamination problems from natural and anthropogenic sources. Most respondents report that their states have significantly changed groundwater quality policy during the past 30 years. While most states have multiple funding sources for water quality programs, program budgets have decreased in the last decade, thereby hindering effective implementation of new policies. Over half of respondents indicate that water-quality/water-level monitoring and increased groundwater pumping will require more attention over the next decade. Several respondents anticipate groundwater regulation changes in the next five years. We discuss how our findings align with current groundwater uses in the U.S.
L’almanach royal, national, impérial : quelle vérité, quelle transparence? (1699-1840)
Authors: Brondel Nicole
Published: June 2018

L’Almanach royal (puis national et impérial) a connu une très large audience auprès des lecteurs parisiens de la fin de l’Ancien Régime et du premier XIXe siècle. Historiens et archivistes l’ont toujours utilisé comme ouvrage de référence, sans l’avoir jamais soumis à aucune évaluation scientifique préalable. Le présent article ouvre cette perspective critique : il étudie la nature et le statut de la publication, dont les éditeurs ont toujours été des entrepreneurs privés, soucieux d’intérêts commerciaux indissociables de la production d’un ouvrage «le plus complet et le plus exact » possible. Les dossiers consultés pour les XVIIIe et XIXe siècles permettent de comprendre par quels moyens a pu s’élaborer cette image de l’administration centrale de la France, organisée selon une mise en page elle-même significative. Le travail de l’éditeur, de la collecte des renseignements à la diffusion de l’ouvrage, en passant par la composition et la mise en page, repose sur un dialogue constant avec les plus hautes autorités de l’État. La problématique nouvelle d’une histoire de la représentation de l’administration par elle-même, à travers un pareil objet de librairie, pose aussi les bases critiques d’une application de l’outil informatique à l’Almanach, dans le cadre du projet Millefeuille qui vise à soumettre les structures administratives à une analyse formalisée.
Les collections de Louis Rondonneau. Formation et destin des collections juridiques au tournant des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles
Authors: Choublier-Grimbert Noëlle
Published: June 2018

In a time of unprecedented political and social change, several jurists and printerbooksellers put together large legal collections and made them accessible to the public. Louis Rondonneau (1759-1834), keeper of the archives of the royal chancery, turned to a similar commercial career, associating with bookseller Laurent-François Prault and the director of the Imprimerie Royale, Anisson-Duperron. They established an important public reading room for legal texts, the Dépôt des Lois, at three successive Paris addresses. Rondonneau endeavoured to become the exclusive printer and supplier of the national assemblies and administrations, claiming public utility status for his business. In the end he failed both because of the difficult economic situation of the publishing and bookselling trade, and because the government refused formally to entrust the printing and distribution of official texts to a private businessman. Some of the collections put together by Louis Rondonneau were acquired by order of Bonaparte as reference material for the Secretariat of State and thus came to be preserved in the Archives Nationales, as the core of the printed documents series (shelf mark AD), a valuable complement to institutional records.
Free-radical gases on two-dimensional transition-metal disulfides (XS2, X = Mo/W): robust half-metallicity for efficient nitrogen oxide sensors
Authors: Zhang Chunmei , Jiao Yalong , Ma Fengxian , Kasi Matta Sri , Bottle Steven , Du Aijun
Published: June 2018

The detection of single gas molecules is a highly challenging work because it requires sensors with an ultra-high level of sensitivity. By using density functional theory, here we demonstrate that the adsorption of a paramagnetic unpaired free radical gas (NO) on a monolayer of XS2 (X = Mo, W) can trigger the transition from semiconductor to half metal. More precisely, the single-layer XS2 (X = Mo, W) with NO adsorbed on it would behave like a metal in one spin channel while acting as a semiconductor in the other spin orientation. The half-metallicity is robust and independent of the NO concentration. In contrast, no half-metallic feature can be observed after the adsorption of other free radical gases such as NO2. The unique change in electronic properties after the adsorption of NO on transition-metal sulfides highlights an effective strategy to distinguish NO from other gas species by experimentally measuring spin-resolved transmission. Our results also suggest XS2 (X = Mo, W) nanosheets can act as promising nanoscale NO sensors.
An Investigation of the Interstellar Environment of Supernova Remnant CTB87
Authors: Liu Qian-Cheng , Chen Yang , Chen Bing-Qiu , Zhou Ping , Wang Xiao-Tao , Su Yang
Published: June 2018

We present a new millimeter CO-line observation toward supernova remnant (SNR) CTB 87, which was regarded purely as a pulsar wind nebula (PWN), and an optical investigation of a coincident surrounding superbubble. The CO observation shows that the SNR delineated by the radio emission is projectively covered by a molecular cloud (MC) complex at

to

. Both the symmetric axis of the radio emission and the trailing X-ray PWN appear projectively to be along a gap between two molecular gas patches at −58 to

. Asymmetric broad profiles of 12CO lines peaked at

are found at the eastern and southwestern edges of the radio emission. This represents a kinematic signature consistent with an SNR–MC interaction. We also find that a superbubble, ∼37′ in radius, appears to surround the SNR from H i 21 cm (

to

), WISE mid-IR, and optical extinction data. We build a multi-band photometric stellar sample of stars within the superbubble region and find 82 OB star candidates. The likely peak distance in the stars’ distribution seems consistent with the distance previously suggested for CTB 87. We suggest the arc-like radio emission is mainly a relic of the part of the blast wave that propagates into the MC complex and is now in a radiative stage while the other part of the blast wave has been expanding into the low-density region in the superbubble. This scenario naturally explains the lack of X-ray emission related to the ejecta and blast wave. The SNR–MC interaction also favors a hadronic contribution to the γ-ray emission from the CTB 87 region.
Effects of the Canopy and Flux Tube Anchoring on Evaporation Flow of a Solar Flare
Authors: Unverferth John , Longcope Dana
Published: June 2018

Spectroscopic observations of flare ribbons typically show chromospheric evaporation flows, which are subsonic for their high temperatures. This contrasts with many numerical simulations where evaporation is typically supersonic. These simulations typically assume flow along a flux tube with a uniform cross-sectional area. A simple model of the magnetic canopy, however, includes many regions of low magnetic field strength, where flux tubes achieve local maxima in their cross-sectional area. These are analgous to a chamber in a flow tube. We find that one-third of all field lines in a model have some form of chamber through which evaporation flow must pass. Using a one-dimensional isothermal hydrodynamic code, we simulated supersonic flow through an assortment of chambers and found that a subset of solutions exhibit a stationary standing shock within the chamber. These shocked solutions have slower and denser upflows than a flow through a uniform tube would. We use our solution to construct synthetic spectral lines and find that the shocked solutions show higher emission and lower Doppler shifts. When these synthetic lines are combined into an ensemble representing a single canopy cell, the composite line appears slower, even subsonic, than expected due to the outsized contribution from shocked solutions.
The K2 M67 Study: Establishing the Limits of Stellar Rotation Period Measurements in M67 with K2 Campaign 5 Data
Authors: Esselstein Rebecca , Aigrain Suzanne , Vanderburg Andrew , Smith Jeffrey C. , Meibom Soren , Saders Jennifer Van , Mathieu Robert
Published: June 2018

The open cluster M67 offers a unique opportunity to measure rotation periods for solar-age stars across a range of masses, potentially filling a critical gap in the understanding of angular momentum loss in older main sequence stars. The observation of M67 by NASA K2 Campaign 5 provided light curves with high enough precision to make this task possible, albeit challenging, as the pointing instability, 75 day observation window, crowded field, and typically low-amplitude signals mean that determining accurate rotation periods on the order of 25–30 days is inherently difficult. Lingering, non-astrophysical signals with power at ≥25 days found in a set of Campaign 5 A and F stars compounds the problem. To achieve a quantitative understanding of the best-case scenario limits for reliable period detection imposed by these inconveniences, we embarked on a comprehensive set of injection tests, injecting 120,000 sinusoidal signals with periods ranging from 5 to 35 days and amplitudes from 0.05% to 3.0% into real Campaign 5 M67 light curves processed using two different pipelines. We attempted to recover the signals using a normalized version of the Lomb–Scargle periodogram and setting a detection threshold. We find that, while the reliability of detected periods is high, the completeness (sensitivity) drops rapidly with increasing period and decreasing amplitude, maxing at a 15% recovery rate for the solar case (i.e., 25 day period, 0.1% amplitude). This study highlights the need for caution in determining M67 rotation periods from Campaign 5 data, but this can be extended to other clusters observed by K2 (and soon, TESS).
A New Look at the Molecular Gas in M42 and M43: Possible Evidence for Cloud–Cloud Collision that Triggered Formation of the OB Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster
Authors: Fukui Yasuo , Torii Kazufumi , Hattori Yusuke , Nishimura Atsushi , Ohama Akio , Shimajiri Yoshito , Shima Kazuhiro , Habe Asao , Sano Hidetoshi , Kohno Mikito , Yamamoto Hiroaki , Tachihara Kengo , Onishi Toshikazu
Published: June 2018

The Orion Nebula Cluster toward the H ii region M42 is the most outstanding young cluster at the smallest distance (410 pc) among the rich high-mass stellar clusters. By newly analyzing the archival molecular data of the 12CO(J = 1–0) emission at 21″ resolution, we identified at least three pairs of complementary distributions between two velocity components at 8 and 13 km s−1. We present a hypothesis that the two clouds collided with each other and triggered formation of the high-mass stars, mainly toward two regions including the nearly 10 O stars in M42 and the B star, NU Ori, in M43. The timescale of the collision is estimated to be ∼0.1 Myr by a ratio of the cloud size and velocity corrected for projection, which is consistent with the age of the youngest cluster members less than 0.1 Myr. The majority of the low-mass cluster members were formed prior to the collision in the last Myr. We discuss the implications of the present hypothesis and the scenario of high-mass star formation by comparing with the other eight cases of triggered O-star formation via cloud–cloud collision.
The Abacus Cosmos: A Suite of Cosmological N-body Simulations
Authors: Garrison Lehman H. , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Ferrer Douglas , Tinker Jeremy L. , Pinto Philip A. , Weinberg David H.
Published: June 2018

We present a public data release of halo catalogs from a suite of 125 cosmological N-body simulations from the Abacus project. The simulations span 40 wCDM cosmologies centered on the Planck 2015 cosmology at two mass resolutions, 4 × 1010
h
−1
M
⊙ and 1 × 1010
h
−1
M
⊙, in 1.1 h
−1 Gpc and 720 h
−1 Mpc boxes, respectively. The boxes are phase-matched to suppress sample variance and isolate cosmology dependence. Additional volume is available via 16 boxes of fixed cosmology and varied phase; a few boxes of single-parameter excursions from Planck 2015 are also provided. Catalogs spanning z = 1.5 to 0.1 are available for friends-of-friends and Rockstar halo finders and include particle subsamples. All data products are available at https://lgarrison.github.io/AbacusCosmos.
Antimicrobial susceptibility and MLVA analysis of S. Typhimurium strains isolated from human and poultry samples in Tunisia
Authors: Kalai Wissal , Martinez Ilargi , Bikandi Joseba , Messadi Lilia , Khazri Imed , Souissi Nada , Saidani Mabrouka , Slim Amine Faouzi , Boutiba-Ben Boubaker Ilhem , Garaizar Javier
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Salmonella enterica infections are a significant public health concern worldwide, being Salmonella Typhimurium one of the most prevalent serovars. Human salmonellosis is typically associated with the consumption of contaminated foods, such as poultry, eggs and processed meat. The extensive use of antimicrobials in humans and animals has led to an increase in multidrug resistance among Salmonella strains, becoming multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains a major public health concern.

Methodology: This study was designed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and the genotypic diversity of Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated in Tunisia from human and poultry sources from 2009 to 2015. Fortyfive strains were analyzed by disk-diffusion test to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility. The presence of antimicrobial resistance genes was tested by PCR, and genotyping was performed using multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA).

Results: About 50% of the strains were resistant to at least 3 antibiotics (multidrug-resistant strains, MDR). The most frequent resistance profile in clinical strains was AMP-TIC-TET-MIN-SXT (n = 7) and TET-MIN in poultry origin strains (n = 7). The MLVA typing grouped the strains in 2 main clusters. Cluster I was mostly formed by human isolates, whereas in cluster II both human and poultry isolates were grouped. Simpson’s diversity index was 0.870 and 0.989 for antimicrobial resistance profiles and MLVA, respectively.

Conclusions: Multiresistance is common in Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from human and poultry sources in Tunisia. The genotyping results suggest that some strains isolated from both sources may descend from a common subtype.
Risk factors of severe hand, foot and mouth disease in Shantou, China: a case-control study
Authors: Liu Chunhua , Wang Kaiyan , Lin Niyang , Cai Jianling , Cui Binglin , Wu Beiyan
Published: June 2018

Introduction: In clinical perspectives, how to distinguish a small proportion of children at risk of developing neurological complications from a large number of children with mild symptoms still remains a challenge for primary care doctors.

Methodology: From January 2012 to December 2015, 225 cases with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) matched with 492 controls were enrolled in the age-matched, case-control study. Continuous variables were examined by univariate analysis using a chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test, and categorical variables were reported by relative risks (odd’s ratio). Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for severe HFMD.

Results: Peak body temperature over 37.5℃，total duration of fever over 3 days, lethargy, enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection were independent risk factors for severe HFMD.

Conclusions: Peak body temperature over 37.5℃，total duration of fever over 3 days, lethargy, EV71 infection were independent risk factors for severe HFMD.
Descriptions of immature stages of Octodonta nipae (Maulik) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae, Cryptonychini)
Authors: Peng Ling-fei , Li Jin-lei , Hou You-ming , Zhang Xiang
Published: June 2018

Octodontanipae(Maulik, 1921), a hispid that damages several species of palm trees, was introduced accidently into China in 2001. The egg, larva, prepupa and pupa ofO.nipaeare illustrated and described in detail and compared with another invasive species,Brontispalongissima(Gestro, 1885); the scanning electron micrographs of the head capsule, antenna, maxilla, labium and lateral scoli are provided, as well as photos of body of all larval instars and pupa. It is the second description of immature stages in the genusOctodontaChapuis.
Que faire des embarras de la psychanalyse avec le politique ?
Authors: Demailly Lise
Published: June 2018

La psychanalyse a, dans l’évolution des sociétés dans lesquelles elle s’est développée, des implications sociétales et une certaine responsabilité historique. Les cadres politiques, sociaux et symboliques dans lesquelles se déploie sa pratique l’influencent en retour. De cette double influence, la théorie psychanalytique doit s’emparer, pour la penser, sans idéaliser son autonomie conceptuelle et aussi pour élaborer sa politique. Le présent texte explore ce que le politique fait à la psychanalyse, ce que, réciproquement, la psychanalyse fait au politique et les embarras qui s’ensuivent, y compris dans la théorie. Il propose ensuite trois principes pour une politique de la psychanalyse : continuer à défendre la psychanalyse profane ; accepter que l’analyse du politique implique l’interdisciplinarité et reconnaître les normes du débat scientifique ; ne pas abandonner le champ de la santé mentale.
L’étrangéisation ou le hors-sujet de la catastrophe
Authors: Tomasella Saverio
Published: June 2018

Une enquête clinique de plusieurs années à l’écoute de personnes ayant connu une catastrophe humanitaire (guerre, massacre, exode, notamment) et de certains de leurs descendants a permis à l’auteur de mettre en évidence une défense psychique particulière qu’il nomme «  étrangéisation  ». Entre refoulement et déni, l’étrangéisation correspond à un acte psychique qui vise à rendre étrangers – à un sujet ou à une communauté – les perceptions, les affects et les représentations provoquées par le désastre. La relation au temps est alors bouleversée et la mémoire attaquée, du fait d’un effacement des traces de la calamité. Exclue de la vie psychique, la mémoire réelle du cataclysme est encapsulée dans un monument matériel ou idéologique, qui joue le rôle d’un mémorial officiel, acceptable pour la collectivité, gardant intacts les souvenirs maudits tout en les éloignant de la conscience. L’approche proposée essaie de mettre en lumière les phénomènes de repli communautaire, en articulant la calamité vécue individuellement avec sa tentative de métabolisation par le groupe, engendrant aux niveaux subjectif et groupal une « solidarité » dans l’exclusion.
« Le recommencement des tyrannies »
Authors: Poulain-Colombier Jacquelyne
Published: June 2018

Ces dernières décennies, nous avons vu surgir dans le discours public verbes et substantifs précédés du préfixe notifiant la privation ( dé -), prônant la « déconstruction » des montages institutionnels de l’identité en Occident. Sous la pression de groupes militants – féminismes, mouvements queer , transgenre –, ce programme s’est implanté dans des domaines majeurs de la culture, tels que famille, éducation, langue française, droit. Les psychanalystes ne laissent pas impensée cette situation sans précédent, parmi eux, Pierre Legendre, qui a renouvelé la compréhension des liens entre le sujet et la société : instituer la vie, civiliser le sujet humain, sauvegarder l’espèce humaine, sont une seule et même tâche.
Faut-il une liste en sus pour les anticancéreux par voie orale en hospitalisation à domicile ?
Authors: Gohari Afsaneh , Mittaine-Marzac Benedicte , Marquestaut O. , Farinotti R. , Paubel P.
Published: June 2018

L’hospitalisation à domicile (HAD) doit faire face à la une demande croissante de la population d’être soignée à domicile et à un engagement des pouvoirs publics pour favoriser son développement. Un des freins identifiés pour sa croissance est son système de financement qui devrait être révisé en 2018. Le financement des médicaments coûteux est au cœur des préoccupations actuelles. Cette étude menée sur les anticancéreux par voie orale (AKVO) à l’HAD AP-HP en 2014 a pour objectif de déterminer si leurs coûts sont trop élevés par rapport aux tarifs des séjours respectifs. Après identification des patients ayant eu des AKVO à l’HAD AP-HP en 2014, les données tarifaires de leurs séjours sont extraites avec le département d’information médicale, afin de calculer, pour chaque séjour, le ratio coût du traitement/coût du séjour. Sur l’année 2014, pour l’HAD de l’AP-HP, les séjours où le coût du traitement représente 30 % et plus du forfait hospitalier sont estimés à 17 % (42 séjours sur 241). Néanmoins, le ratio peut dépasser 100 % pour quelques séjours (n=6). Ces résultats illustrent les difficultés de financement de certaines spécialités pharmaceutiques dans les forfaits d’HAD. La constitution d’une liste en sus spécifique à l’HAD peut être une solution pour atteindre l’objectif de doublement de l’activité de l’HAD fixé par le Ministère de la Santé.
Conditions d’efficacité de la coopération internationale au service du développement de l’éducation en Afrique
Authors: Prigent Lorène , Cros Françoise
Published: June 2018

Le lien existant entre éducation et développement est désormais internationalement reconnu, mais il n’y a pas pour autant consensus sur la nature de ce lien, et encore moins sur les stratégies et mesures à mettre en œuvre pour assurer une éducation de qualité pour tous. Sur le continent africain, et malgré de gros progrès dans l’accès à l’école primaire sur les dernières décennies, les décideurs des systèmes éducatifs doivent faire face à d’immenses défis quantitatifs et qualitatifs. Suite à l’élargissement des ambitions mondiales pour l’éducation, les ODD érigeant désormais l’éducation préscolaire, primaire, secondaire et supérieure au rang de priorités égales, des éclairages pragmatiques et pertinents pour la prise de décision sont plus que jamais nécessaires. Tout en répondant à ces engagements mondiaux, les décideurs des systèmes éducatifs africains, agissant dans des contextes financiers contraints, doivent prioriser l’affectation des ressources publiques, mieux réguler l’offre d’éducation et continuer à gérer une forte pression démographique et sociale. Dans ce contexte, l’aide internationale apporte un appui financier (don, prêt ou autre), accompagné d’un volet technique dont la modalité la plus fréquente est la mise à disposition d’expertise. Cette expertise, choisie par les Etats récipiendaires ou imposée par les bailleurs, intervient à la fois pour appuyer la formulation des politiques éducatives et pour en orienter la mise en œuvre. L’article propose une réflexion sur les conditions optimales de mobilisation de cette expertise internationale en éducation, et relève les mécanismes susceptibles de rendre ses éclairages réellement utiles, pérennes et efficaces. Après une analyse de l’influence technique des organisations internationales et de l’expertise qu’elles contribuent à financer dans les pays africains, il s’agit d’examiner l’articulation du discours à l’action en dégageant les écueils à éviter à travers des exemples observés sur le terrain. Classification JEL  : I 20, I 21, I 22, I 28
Démographie, éducation et développement en Afrique
Authors: Pilon Marc
Published: June 2018

Pour les pays africains, et surtout subsahariens, qui présentent encore aujourd’hui parmi les plus faibles taux de scolarisation, les attentes en matière d’éducation sont énormes, à la mesure des défis qui se posent, notamment d’ordre démographique. Après avoir discuté l’évolution de la scolarisation sur le continent africain et la perspective de l’atteinte des objectifs fixés, qui peuvent faire figure de mirage, ce texte s’attache ensuite à questionner quelques défis : le défi du nombre, le dividende démographique (un autre mirage ?). Les relations entre démographie, éducation et développement sont fortes, mais aussi très complexes. Elles méritent d’être abordées et traitées hors de toute approche idéologique, mais de manière réaliste, contextualisée et critique. Classification JEL  : I25