bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Strategy of Human Resource Management Based on the K-Means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Li Lirong , Qiu Dongmei
Published: August 2024

With the continuous accumulation of enterprise data and the continuous development of technology, data-driven decision-making has become an important trend in enterprise management. Human resource management, as an important component of enterprise management, also requires the use of data analysis tools to optimize the decision-making process. Traditional human resource management strategy algorithms are often based on experience and intuition, lacking scientific data support. These algorithms often struggle to achieve ideal results when dealing with large and complex human resource data. This study aims to provide more scientific and accurate data support for human resource management by introducing the K-means algorithm. The main research purpose of this paper is to detect and identify the data in enterprise human resource management. Data mining can realize the comprehensive detection and analysis of poetry, but the application of data mining algorithms in human resource management data processing is not much. This paper hopes to analyze the anomaly of human resource data statistics by data mining method. According to the characteristics of the K-means algorithm and DBSCAN algorithm, a hybrid K-means algorithm is proposed in this study, which can automatically generate a more appropriate K value and realize parameter self-adaptation with less manual intervention. The optimized clustering K-means algorithm obtains the initial value of DBSCAN through calculation, and then the abnormal data of human resources statistics can be obtained through the second clustering calculation. The optimized K-means algorithm can detect human resource statistics data in real time, and give a new idea for human resource analysis of data anomalies.
DFT study of electron energy loss spectra of sulfur in Janus MoSSe, MoSTe, WSSe and WSTe monolayers
Authors: Fatah Saeedeh , Dadsetani Mehrdad , Nejatipour Reihan
Published: August 2024

In this paper, electronic properties of Janus MSX monolayers (M = Mo, W; X = Se or Te), including electron energy loss near edge structures (ELNES), as K and [Formula: see text] edge spectra of sulfur atoms, have been calculated using a full potential scheme and the augmented plane wave plus local orbitals (APW+lo) method in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). Due to the lack of experimental results, the obtained spectra are compared with the corresponding spectra of MoS2 monolayer. The band structure analysis shows that the Janus MoSSe and WSSe monolayers are direct bandgap semiconductors, while the Janus MoSTe and WSTe monolayers are indirect bandgap semiconductors. In comparison to MoS2, the main structures of the K edge ELNES spectra of sulfur atoms in Janus monolayers occur at lower energies, due to the structural change and increased bond length. The relative reduction of intensities in the main structures predicts the possibility of reducing the number of partial densities of states (PDOS), that is, the reduced p PDOS for the K edge in the corresponding energy range. In the K ([Formula: see text] edge ELNES spectra of the sulfur atom in Janus monolayers and MoS2 monolayers, the main structures are due to the electron transfer to the unoccupied [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] states (3s of sulfur and 4d states of the transition metal).
Slow light in loop-coupled multimode optomechanical system
Authors: Xie Bao-Hao , Chen Hua-Jun
Published: August 2024

We theoretically propose a loop-coupled multimode optomechanical system (OMS) with a single-mode cavity, a two-level system (TLS), and a mechanical resonator, which are coupled to each other. With controlled coupling parameters, the loop-coupled multimode OMS can flexibly transform into different OMSs (e.g. cavity OMSs, cavity quantum electrodynamic systems). By simultaneously driving the single-mode cavity using pump and probe fields, we investigate the coherent optical response and transmission spectra for the transparent window and absorption dips. Additionally, the transparent window and absorption dips that induce coherent light propagation were demonstrated. Our findings demonstrate that the transparent window and absorption dips can generate slow (fast) light, and that the control of coupling parameters can modulate optical fields in different OMSs. With further weaving of these coupling parameters, the loop-coupled multimode OMS can be a quantum information processing platform for chip-scale applications.
Solitons with varying amplitudes and/or varying velocities in a variable-coefficient mixed spectral generalized Sasa–Satsuma equation revealed through the Riemann–Hilbert method
Authors: Wang Xianghui , Zhang Sheng
Published: August 2024

The integrable Sasa–Satsuma (SS) equation, a higher-order Nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS)-type model, has important applications in the field of optics. In this study, we present a generalized SS equation with variable coefficients derived from a mixed spectral problem, abbreviated as vcmsgSSE, and construct its N-soliton solution using the Riemann–Hilbert (RH) method. First, we provide the Lax pair associated with the vcmsgSSE and perform a spectral analysis on it, which allows us to derive a solvable RH problem. Then, by solving this RH problem we construct an explicit expression for N-soliton solution of the vcmsgSSE. Finally, under a special reduction, we obtain the specific one-soliton solution and two-soliton solution of the vcmsgSSE, and use them to illustrate graphically the N-soliton solution with varying amplitude and/or varying velocity corresponds to the physical background of non-uniform medium assumed by the vcmsgSSE.
Bifurcation Patterns in Some Chameleon Systems
Authors: Fan Lihua , Sang Bo , Liu Jie , Wang Chun , Liu Xueqing , Wang Ning , Boui A Boya Bertrand Frederick
Published: August 2024

Chameleon chaotic systems have a special property to display various types of chaotic attractors by tuning system parameters, thereby allowing for the generation of diverse chaotic signals that are suitable for various applications. In this paper, we propose and study a class of three-dimensional quadratic chameleon systems capable of transitioning between self-excited and hidden chaotic regimes. Through systematic analysis of the systems, we can identify hidden chaotic attractors in parameter regions where no equilibria exist, or where there is a line equilibrium, or where a single stable equilibrium exists. In order to study the basic properties of the system, we carried out both local stability analysis and Hopf bifurcation analysis. Further bifurcation analysis and Lyapunov exponent calculation uncovered intricate transitions among periodic, chaotic, and hidden chaotic regimes as the system parameters varied. Through the research, we find that antimonotonicity holds significant implications for creating various types of chaotic dynamics in the chameleon systems. Furthermore, we find that by adjusting the values of parameters, the system can display a self-excited chaotic attractor, a hidden chaotic attractor with no equilibrium, a hidden chaotic attractor with a line equilibrium, or a hidden chaotic attractor with a single stable hyperbolic/nonhyperbolic equilibrium point. We are interested in a hidden chaotic system with a stable nonhyperbolic equilibrium point, for which the practical feasibility is verified through circuit simulations. The chameleon chaotic systems studied in this paper expand our understanding of the chaotic mechanisms with various equilibrium configurations.
Bifurcation Analysis of Flywheel Governor Subject to Stochastic Excitation Under Time-Delay Feedback
Authors: Zhang Jiangang , Song Qingru , He Meijuan , Wei Lixiang
Published: August 2024

The stability and Hopf bifurcation of a class of flywheel governor systems subject to stochastic excitation under time-delay feedback are studied. The model is simplified using center manifold reduction to obtain a paradigm for a two-dimensional central subsystem. The system converges asymptotically to an Itô stochastic differential equation based on polar transformations and stochastic averaging method. The stochastic stability of the system is analyzed by applying the maximum Lyapunov exponent and the singular boundary theory, and its probability density function is calculated. In addition, it is found through Monte Carlo numerical simulations that the effects of noise intensity and time-delay on the stochastic P-bifurcation of the system are opposite, and proper noise intensity makes the flywheel governor system converge to the equilibrium position, while a large time-delay leads to stochastic bifurcation and makes the flywheel governor system unstable. Finally, the two-parameter bifurcation diagram is used to further analyze the impact of time-delay and noise intensity on the bifurcation of the system under variable load torque. It is found that the influence of noise intensity and time-delay on the periodic oscillation state is the same, and the stability of the flywheel governor system will decrease with both of their increases. This also further demonstrates the duality of the impact of noise intensity on the same system under different conditions. The above research provides better theoretical references for the design and safe operation of speed control systems.
Electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of hemihexaphyrazine and its trinuclear cobalt complex
Authors: Ivanov Evgenii N. , Berezina Nadezhda M. , Belyaev Anton A. , Kibireva Yana E. , Bazanov Mikhail I. , Islyaikin Mikhail K.
Published: August 2024

The electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of hemihexaphyrazine and its trinuclear cobalt complex were studied by cyclic voltammetry. The possibility of detecting cationic and anionic forms of compounds in the process of polarization of electrodes in the region of potentials 0.5 ÷ -1.5 V has been established. It is shown that the synthesized cobalt complex has a sufficiently high catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline solution.
Quantum–Classical Hybrid Dynamics: Coupling Mechanisms and Diffusive Approximation
Authors: Budini Adrián A.
Published: August 2024

In this paper we demonstrate that any Markovian master equation defining a completely positive evolution for a quantum–classical hybrid state can always be written in terms of four basic coupling mechanisms. Each of them is characterized by a different “backaction” on each subsystem. On this basis, for each case, we find the conditions under which a diffusive limit is approached, that is, the time evolution can be approximated in terms of the first and second derivatives of the hybrid state with respect to a classical coordinate. In this limit, the restricted class of evolutions that guaranty the positivity of the hybrid state at all times (quantum Fokker-Planck master equations) emerges when the coupling mechanisms lead to infinitesimal (non-finite) changes in both the quantum and classical subsystems. A broader class of diffusive evolutions is obtained when positivity is only granted after a transient time or alternatively is granted after imposing an initial finite width on the state of the classical subsystem. A set of representative examples support these results.
INNOVATION LEADERSHIP AND WORKPLACE INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF LEADERSHIP DYNAMICS AMONG IT ENGINEERS IN VIETNAM
Authors: NGUYEN GIANG THUY , LY HANH THI MY , NGUYEN THO HUU HOANG , HOANG SINH
Published: August 2024

In recent decades, the economic context and competitiveness have required the development of new competencies and skills at all levels of management. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of development of engagement and knowledge sharing perceived by a group of employees and to assess their relationship to leadership and innovative behaviour. This was an experimental-type, intergroup comparison study that described how work engagement, knowledge sharing, leadership, and innovation behaviour of a group of 395 engineers at an IT company in Vietnam were manifested. The Innovation Leadership Scale (ILS-16) and the Workplace Innovation Behaviour Scale (WIB) were used to design this study. The results of this study could be an important contribution to the development of leadership empowerment programs and innovative work behaviour. Prospects for future research are to analyse other variables related to leadership and innovation behaviour, such as, for example, communication, to stimulate innovative behaviour of IT engineers, and to build a multiple regression model of such a relationship.
Modeling Chilean Long-Term Swap Yields Based on the Short-Term Interest Rate: A Garch Approach
Authors: Akram Tanweer , Mamun Khawaja
Published: August 2024

This paper models the dynamics of Chilean interest rate swap yields. It examines whether the change in the short-term interest rate exerts a decisive influence on the change in long-term swap yields after controlling key macroeconomic and financial variables, such as inflation, the growth in industrial production, the percentage change in the equity price index and the percentage change in the exchange rate of the Chilean peso (CLP). It applies the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) approach to econometrically model the dynamics of the long-term swap yield to mitigate the variation in volatility exhibited in the financial markets. The results of the estimated GARCH models show that the change in the short-term interest rate has an economically and statistically significant effect on the change in the swap yield after controlling for key macroeconomic and financial factors. These findings imply that the monetary policy of the country’s central bank, the Banco Central de Chile (BCCH), has an important influence on swap yields in Chile through its effect on the short-term interest rate.
Disaster Risk Management and Resilience Assessment of Small Communities in Iran
Authors: VALIBEIGI Mojtaba , TAGHIPOUR Ali Akbar , AHMADI DEHRASHID Parsa , ASVADI Kouros
Published: August 2024

One of the main challenges facing rural areas in Iran is a lack of disaster risk management. This calls for a comprehensive framework for assessing resilience in small communities. This study seeks to establish such a framework based on the general principles of the Sendai Framework. So, an attempt is made to use a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to operationalize and score indicators and risk management components, and then choose one of the rural areas in northern Iran as a sample for the framework’s implementation. The results show that a resilience assessment on small communities should do two things: outline the resilience situation and create a platform for dialogue and mutual thinking. Residents should be able to talk about risk reduction continuously and purposefully and take small, purposeful steps in this direction. It seems that Iran’s centralized planning system is more flexible in entrusting affairs to small communities and is more likely to form active cooperative cores. For this reason, it can be seen that voluntary activities have played an essential role in providing social services during the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine period, and the volunteers themselves have also benefited from voluntary activities. As a result, volunteer groups have gained opportunities to promote local development and foster ownership and responsibility. However, there are concerns about the sustainability of these activities, which are related to the two issues of ensuring financial stability and providing volunteers in the long term.
Secure Collaborative Learning for Self-Adaptive Systems on Connected Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Wu Xiaotong , Liu Yuwen , Chi Xiaoxiao , Jiang Rong , Zhou Xiaokang , Rafique Wajid , Khan Maqbool
Published: August 2024

As an advanced carrier of on-board sensors, connected autonomous vehicle (CAV) can be viewed as an aggregation of self-adaptive systems with monitor-analyze-plan-execute (MAPE) for vehicle-related services. Meanwhile, machine learning (ML) has been applied to enhance analysis and plan functions of MAPE so that self-adaptive systems have optimal adaption to changing conditions. However, most of ML-based approaches don’t utilize CAVs’ connectivity to collaboratively generate an optimal learner for MAPE, because of sensor data threatened by gradient leakage attack (GLA). In this article, we first design an intelligent architecture for MAPE-based self-adaptive systems on Web 3.0-based CAVs, in which a collaborative machine learner supports the capabilities of managing systems. Then, we observe by practical experiments that importance sampling of sparse vector technique (SVT) approaches cannot defend GLA well. Next, we propose a fine-grained SVT approach to secure the learner in MAPE-based self-adaptive systems, that uses layer and gradient sampling to select uniform and important gradients. At last, extensive experiments show that our private learner spends a slight utility cost for MAPE (e.g.,

\(0.77\%\)

decrease in accuracy) defending GLA and outperforms the typical SVT approaches in terms of defense (increased by

\(10\%\sim 14\%\)

attack success rate) and utility (decreased by

\(1.29\%\)

accuracy loss).
Efficient Generation of Hidden Outliers for Improved Outlier Detection
Authors: Cribeiro-Ramallo Jose , Arzamasov Vadim , Böhm Klemens
Published: August 2024

Outlier generation is a popular technique used to solve important outlier detection tasks. Generating outliers with realistic behavior is challenging. Popular existing methods tend to disregard the “multiple views” property of outliers in high-dimensional spaces. The only existing method accounting for this property falls short in efficiency and effectiveness. We propose
Bisect
, a new outlier generation method that creates realistic outliers mimicking said property. To do so,
Bisect
employs a novel proposition introduced in this article stating how to efficiently generate said realistic outliers. Our method has better guarantees and complexity than the current method for recreating “multiple views.” We use the synthetic outliers generated by
Bisect
to effectively enhance outlier detection in diverse datasets for multiple use cases. For instance, oversampling with
Bisect
reduced the error by up to 3 times when compared with the baselines.
Speed-Aware Audio-Driven Speech Animation using Adaptive Windows
Authors: Jung Sunjin , Seol Yeongho , Seo Kwanggyoon , Na Hyeonho , Kim Seonghyeon , Tan Vanessa , Noh Junyong
Published: August 2024

We present a novel method that can generate realistic speech animations of a 3D face from audio using multiple adaptive windows. In contrast to previous studies that use a fixed size audio window, our method accepts an adaptive audio window as input, reflecting the audio speaking rate to use consistent phonemic information. Our system consists of three parts. First, the speaking rate is estimated from the input audio using a neural network trained in a self-supervised manner. Second, the appropriate window size that encloses the audio features is predicted adaptively based on the estimated speaking rate. Another key element lies in the use of multiple audio windows of different sizes as input to the animation generator: a small window to concentrate on detailed information and a large window to consider broad phonemic information near the center frame. Finally, the speech animation is generated from the multiple adaptive audio windows. Our method can generate realistic speech animations from in-the-wild audios at any speaking rate, i.e., fast raps, slow songs, as well as normal speech. We demonstrate via extensive quantitative and qualitative evaluations including a user study that our method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.
Edit Temporal-Consistent Videos with Image Diffusion Model
Authors: Wang Yuanzhi , Li Yong , Zhang Xiaoya , Liu Xin , Dai Anbo , Chan Antoni B. , Cui Zhen
Published: August 2024

Large-scale text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have been extended for text-guided video editing, yielding impressive zero-shot video editing performance. Nonetheless, the generated videos usually show spatial irregularities and temporal inconsistencies as the temporal characteristics of videos have not been faithfully modeled. In this article, we propose an elegant yet effective
Temporal-Consistent Video Editing (TCVE)
method to mitigate the temporal inconsistency challenge for robust text-guided video editing. In addition to the utilization of a pretrained T2I 2D Unet for spatial content manipulation, we establish a dedicated temporal Unet architecture to faithfully capture the temporal coherence of the input video sequences. Furthermore, to establish coherence and interrelation between the spatial-focused and temporal-focused components, a cohesive spatial-temporal modeling unit is formulated. This unit effectively interconnects the temporal Unet with the pretrained 2D Unet, thereby enhancing the temporal consistency of the generated videos while preserving the capacity for video content manipulation. Quantitative experimental results and visualization results demonstrate that TCVE achieves state-of-the-art performance in both video temporal consistency and video editing capability, surpassing existing benchmarks in the field. Codes are released at
https://github.com/mdswyz/TCVE
.
Finite‐Element Analysis of Oscillations in Damaged Pipeline Sections Reinforced With a Composite Material
Authors: Moldagaliyev Arman , Zhangabay Nurlan , Bonopera Marco , Raimberdiyev Talzhan , Yeshimbetov Shairbek , Galymzhan Seraliyev , Anarbayev Yermek
Published: August 2024

This work treats a finite‐element analysis of the oscillations in damaged pipeline sections reinforced with a composite wrap performed by ANSYS software when the thickness of the composite wrap was 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mm, while the length of the wrap was 400, 600, and 800 mm, respectively. The outcome showed that to compensate for the stress concentration in the damaged zone of a pipeline with a thickness between 11.9 and 14.3 mm, the thickness of the composite wrap should be 2 ÷ 4 mm, that is, not lower than 17% of the original pipeline thickness at thinning and not lower than 34% of the original pipeline thickness at large cracks. An increment in the pipeline thickness from 11.9 up to 14.3 mm with a reinforced composite lining leads to an increment in the first oscillation frequency not higher than 0.1%. The lowest fundamental frequency was at a pipeline with lining located at the restrained supports, while the highest frequency was between two free‐moving supports in the middle span. The difference between the first frequencies did not exceed the percentage of 4%. By applying a composite lining with a length of 20% of the pipeline length between a restrained support and a longitudinally movable one and a thickness of 33.6% of the nominal pipeline thickness, we were able to increase the frequency spectrum of the oscillations in comparison with the unreinforced pipeline. Therefore, for the fundamental frequency, this increment was equal to 13.9% for the operating pressure and almost four times for the critical one. Consequently, the developed approach can be used as an adjustment method for damaged pipeline sections characterized by low critical frequencies.
The Effects of Silymarin on Calcium Chloride‐Induced Arrhythmia in Male Rat
Authors: Toghroli Fereshteh , Noorbakhsh Mohammad Foad , Sajedianfard Javad
Published: August 2024

Antioxidants play an important role in protecting cardiac arrhythmias. Silymarin, strong antioxidant, is effective in reducing the complications caused by arrhythmias. This study was conducted to determine the effect of silymarin on the prevention and treatment of calcium chloride‐induced arrhythmia. In total, 48 male rats were randomly divided into six groups: the first control group for acute administration received intravenous injection of 0.2 mL of dimethylsulfoxide, a cosolvent, immediately after induction of arrhythmia; the second control group for chronic administration, daily gavage of dimethylsulfoxide for 2 weeks before induction of arrhythmia; acute silymarin group, 100 mg/kg intravenous, immediately after the occurrence of arrhythmia; chronic silymarin group, daily gavage of 50 mg/kg for 2 weeks before induction of arrhythmia; amiodarone standard treatment, 5 mg/kg intravenous, immediately after induction of arrhythmia; and quinidine standard treatment, 10 mg/kg intravenous, immediately after induction of arrhythmia. Calcium chloride (140 mg/kg, i.v.) was used to induce arrhythmia. Electrocardiogram was recorded and monitored by PowerLab™ system. The incidence rates of premature ventricular beat (PVB), ventricular tachycardia (VT), and ventricular fibrillation (VF) were calculated. The antiarrhythmic effect of silymarin was observed with a significant decrease in the incidence of premature ventricular beat (22.56 ± 1.04%, P < 0.001), ventricular tachycardia (34.150 ± 1.59%, P < 0.001), and ventricular fibrillation (24.31 ± 1.02%, P < 0.001) compared with the control group (100%). These effects were comparable to antiarrhythmic drugs such as quinidine (29.23% ± 1.24%, 52.23% ± 1.13%, 66.31% ± 1.81%) and amiodarone (22.91% ± .72%, 41.09% ± 1.66%, 61.59% ± 1.11%). Silymarin exerts a potent antioxidant effect, thereby mitigating the risk of VT, VF, and PVC.
Can AI Digital Personas for Well‐Being Provide Social Support? A Mixed‐Method Analysis of User Reviews
Authors: Heissler Radek , Jonáš Juraj , Carre Nicole , Mostovoy Karin , Bunge Eduardo L.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Digital personas (DPs) are animated human‐like characters that incorporate the capabilities of conversational agents (CAs) and communicate with users via audio and voice.

Aim: This study is aimed at understanding how users perceive the DPs designed for mental well‐being and perceived social support.

Methods: A total of 1485 available ratings and user reviews of the DPs from the Elysai app were analyzed using a deductive and inductive thematic analysis. Ordinal regressions were conducted to identify domains predicting users’ ratings.

Results: The average rating of the app was 4.23 out of 5. The thematic analysis identified 27.59% of comments on social support from the DP. Emotional and companionship support were the most frequently reported themes. The inductive thematic analysis identified positive themes, such as the helpfulness of DPs, anthropomorphic traits, negative experiences with DPs, and technical issues. Regression analysis showed that themes of emotional and companionship, social support, positive feedback, anthropomorphic traits, helpfulness, and recommendations significantly predicted positive ratings (odds ratio 1.51–2.86). Conversely, the themes of negative experience with DP and technical issues predicted lower ratings (odds ratio 0.05 and 0.32).

Discussion: Overall, DPs were perceived positively by most reviews analyzed. Users reported that DPs provided emotional and companionship support, were helpful, and had anthropomorphic traits, but also had negative experiences with DPs and technical issues. The types of themes reported in the reviews predicted the user ratings.
Evidence for Molecular Mimicry between SARS‐CoV‐2 and Human Antigens: Implications for Autoimmunity in COVID‐19
Authors: Arévalo-Cortés Andrea , Rodriguez-Pinto Daniel , Aguilar-Ayala Leonardo
Published: August 2024

As for other viral diseases, the mechanisms behind the apparent relationship between COVID‐19 and autoimmunity are yet to be clearly defined. Molecular mimicry, the existence of sequence and/or conformational homology between viral and human antigens, could be an important contributing factor. Here, we review the accumulated evidence supporting the occurrence of mimicry between SARS‐CoV‐2 and human proteins. Both bioinformatic approaches and antibody cross‐reactions have yielded a significant magnitude of mimicry events, far more common than expected to happen by chance. The clinical implication of this phenomenon is ample since many of the identified antigens may participate in COVID‐19 pathophysiology or are targets of autoimmune diseases. Thus, autoimmunity related to COVID‐19 may be partially explained by molecular mimicry and further research designed specifically to address this possibility is needed.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: August 2024

Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory marker expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in AA (n=29) and non-AA (n=28).
Supplementary Figure 12 from PTP4A2 Promotes Glioblastoma Progression and Macrophage Polarization under Microenvironmental Pressure
Authors: Chouleur Tiffanie , Emanuelli Andrea , Souleyreau Wilfried , Derieppe Marie-Alix , Leboucq Téo , Hardy Serge , Mathivet Thomas , Tremblay Michel L. , Bikfalvi Andreas
Published: August 2024

The figure depicts the diffuse glioma when PTP42A is deregulated. Left panel (PTP42A ko) and right panel (PTP42A overexpression, PTP42A-OE).
Supplementary Figure 1 from PTP4A2 Promotes Glioblastoma Progression and Macrophage Polarization under Microenvironmental Pressure
Authors: Chouleur Tiffanie , Emanuelli Andrea , Souleyreau Wilfried , Derieppe Marie-Alix , Leboucq Téo , Hardy Serge , Mathivet Thomas , Tremblay Michel L. , Bikfalvi Andreas
Published: August 2024

Effect of pharmacological PRL inhibition
The ‘War on Drugs’ and the Politics of Morality
Authors: Cornelio Jayeel , Medina Erron C.
Published: August 2024

In the time of Rodrigo Duterte, the leaders of the Philippine Catholic Church were divided on the president’s controversial war on drugs. This article draws on interviews with the religious elite and explores how these divisions took shape. We argue that while they agreed that the killings would not solve the drug problem, they diverged in two respects. The first concerns the violence of the war on drugs. It may have been ‘undesirable,’ but it was ‘unavoidable.’ The second concerns their role as national leaders in speaking truth to power. Some believed it was their duty to be prophetic; others felt it was necessary to be ‘practical.’ Our article frames the discussion in terms of morality politics, the competition for values that deliberately make a distinction between ‘good’ citizens and everybody else. From this vantage point, religious leaders are moral entrepreneurs who define who lives and who does not.
Thus Spoke a Couple: a Corpus-Based Content Analysis of Spousal Duties Fatwas
Authors: Abdo Muhammad S. , Omran Abdullah , Hassan Said F.
Published: August 2024

This study explores the topic of spousal duties within the Arab-Muslim world, using a corpus of fatwa inquiries to investigate how Muslim spouses perceive and negotiate their rights and duties within the marital relationship. Acknowledging the complexity of the causes underlying the failure to fulfill spousal rights, this study capitalizes on the rewarding potentials of digital tools by examining the questions posed by the mustaftīs (inquirers). A corpus of 150,000 fatwas, drawn from Islamweb.net and encapsulating approximately 11 million tokens, serves as the data for our analysis. Using the semantic network tool ConceptNet, a lexicon delineating spousal rights is created and employed to assess the prominence and relationships of certain themes in the dataset. Central themes – treatment, housing, financial support, sexual relationship, and obedience – emerge as the primary axes for examining the nuances of marital obligations and rights. The findings reveal the nuanced interplay between traditional norms and contemporary religious discourse, with implications for understanding gender roles and authority within Arab-Muslim marriages. The study confirms that while Shariʿah offers a foundational framework, there remains a need for context-specific interpretation, often sought through fatwa consultations. The study also underscores the potential of corpus linguistics to deepen our understanding of religious texts and their application to modern marital issues, advocating for further research into fatwas across different languages and cultures.
What You Heard Is What You Wrote: Dynamic Readings of ʿilm and adab Narratives in the Islamicate World
Authors: Samba-Campos Estrella
Published: August 2024

This article explores how the concepts of ʿilm and adab (knowledge and exemplary behavior) merged in formative Arabic literature and reached Al-Andalus. Originating in a proto-Sunni cultural milieu, different works were recycled across the Islamic world, giving rise to new literary adaptations and patterns of meaning. With the use of computational analysis, the data has revealed juxtaposed reuse practices. This contribution has found that early Andalusi works initially mirrored Eastern sources, gradually transitioning into a more specialized form of knowledge and performance, based on the legitimization of the authority of scholars during the challenging Taifa period.
Evaluation of the Atherogenic Index of Plasma to Predict All-Cause Mortality in Elderly With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Ser Özgür Selim , Keskin Kudret , Çetinkal Gökhan , Balaban Kocaş Betül , Kilci Hakan , Kalender Erol , Dolap Furkan , Celbiş Geçit Tümay , Kocaş Cüneyt , Kılıçkesmez Kadriye
Published: August 2024

The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but the relationship between AIP and ACS in elderly patients remains unclear. We investigated the prognostic capability of AIP for in-hospital and long-term mortality in elderly patients with ACS undergoing coronary angiography (CA). We analyzed 627 patients with ACS over 75 years of age who were admitted to our clinic between April 2015 and December 2022 and underwent CA. The primary clinical endpoints were in-hospital, 30-day, 1-year, and long-term mortality. The median follow-up time was 27 months. AIP was defined as log (triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). In-hospital mortality rates for patients with AIP ≤.1 and AIP >.1 were 4.7% and 17.6% ( P < .001), 30-day mortality rates were 8.7% and 32.2% ( P = .01), 1-year mortality rates were 12.1% and 45.1% ( P < .001), and long-term mortality rates were 47.3% and 67.5% ( P < .001), respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed AIP, age, left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), admission creatinine, and Killip ≥2 as independent predictors for long-term mortality. AIP can predict in-hospital and long-time all-cause mortality in elderly patients with ACS undergoing CA. Age, LVEF, admission creatinine, and Killip ≥2 are additional factors that predict long-term all-cause mortality.
Changes in School-Age Children’s Well-being and School-Related Needs Post COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Spronz Rachel G. , Dudovitz Rebecca N. , Thomas Kyla , Szilagyi Peter G. , Vizueta Nathalie , Vangala Sitaram , Kapteyn Arie
Published: August 2024

COVID-19 highlighted the importance of schools for child health, as emerging data suggest that pandemic-related school closures may have led to worsening child health and exacerbated health disparities. This study examines school-aged children’s well-being, and characterizes changes in school-related needs, from 2021 to 2022. This is a secondary analysis of a longitudinal cohort study, where a nationally representative sample of parents of school-aged children were surveyed in June 2021 and 2022. The percentage of children with deficits in total difficulties, hyperactivity, and prosocial behavior decreased at follow-up, while a high percentage of children continued to experience peer problems. At least one school-related need remained for most parents. Highest priority needs were academic enrichment, socialization, physical activity, tutoring, and coping with stress. Academic support and social-emotional well-being remained major parental concerns, with social development showing significant deficit. Improvements in child well-being were experienced unequally across demographic groups.
Is COVID-19 related workload related to Chinese social workers’ mental health? A moderated mediation model of compassion burnout and emotional regulation
Authors: Jiang Chaoxin , Song Hao , Jiang Shan
Published: August 2024

COVID-19-related workload is a significant determinant of social worker mental health, with limited exploration of the underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the mediating role of compassion burnout and the moderating effect of emotional regulation among 1023 Chinese social workers. Compassion burnout partially mediates the COVID-19 workload–depression relationship, while emotional regulation moderates this link and the impact of compassion burnout on depression. Notably, social workers with higher emotional regulation exhibit reduced susceptibility. This research advances our understanding of the COVID-19 workload’s impact on mental health and offers policy and organizational-level recommendations for safeguarding Chinese social workers’ well-being.
Parental Grief After the Unexpected Death of a Child: A Scoping Review About the Impact on Parent’s Social Networks and the Function of Self-Help Groups
Authors: Berrozpe Javier , Cantero-García María , Caro-Cañizares Irene
Published: August 2024

The unexpected death of a child, whether due to accident, sudden death syndrome, suicide, or homicide, causes profound parental grief that endures for years. Often, this grief is not fully understood by the social environment, leading parents to feel increasingly misunderstood and isolated. While initial support may be provided, it can become insufficient over time. Therefore, many parents turn to support groups, finding multiple benefits such as validation of their feelings, a safe space to discuss their children and express emotions, strengthening of their social identity, and a platform for reconstructing meaning in their lives. A scoping review was carried on to review the state of knowledge regarding the role that self-help groups can play in case of bereavement due to the unexpected death of a child and regarding the impact on social relationships referred to in these contexts. The search was conducted on 11 databases and grey literature and provided 22 final results. Reviewed studies confirm the impact of this loss, particularly on mothers, and suggest that self-help groups contribute to a more favorable development of the grieving process. Despite the scarcity of research, future studies could leverage newer theoretical models and measurement tools to confirm protective, predictive, and risk factors.
Accent Attitudes: A Review Through Affective, Behavioral, and Cognitive Perspectives
Authors: Lin Merrisa , Ramírez-Esparza Nairán , Chen Jacqueline M.
Published: August 2024

Interacting with speakers of different accents is a prevalent global phenomenon. Given the considerable influence of accents in daily life, it is important to conduct a comprehensive review of listeners’ accent attitudes. This paper provides an integrative summary of research on accent attitudes, drawing from the Affective, Behavioral, and Cognitive (ABC) perspectives. We begin by outlining the social meaning of accents and laying out the theoretical foundations of the ABC approach. Then, we organize and integrate existing research findings using the ABC framework. Next, we illustrate how the perspectives intersect by discussing pertinent research findings. Drawing from various sociocultural contexts over many years, this review underscores the significant impact of accents on people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The review concludes by discussing limitations, proposing future directions, highlighting real-world relevance, and suggesting areas for research expansion.
The Association of Substance Use Before Sex and Condomless Sex: The Moderating Effects of Sexual Risk Behaviors, Perceived Sex Approval, and HIV/STI Risk Perception Among Youth
Authors: Khreizat Sarah , Cordova David , Bauermeister José , Delva Jorge , Neilands Torsten B. , Warner Sydni , Cano Miguel Ángel , Boyer Cherrie B.
Published: August 2024

Youth are disproportionately affected by substance use and associated sexual risk behaviors, increasing STI and HIV susceptibility. This study analyzed the interplay between alcohol/drug use before sex (ABS/DBS), perceived sex approval (e.g., perceived familial or peer approval in engaging in sex), and HIV/STI risk perception among youth aged 13–21 ( n = 150). We assessed how these factors influenced condomless vaginal/anal sex (VAS) and oral sex practices. Results showed significant interactions between perceived sex approval and lifetime ABS for lifetime condomless VAS, and between HIV/STI risk perception and lifetime ABS for current condomless oral sex. These findings underline the influence of perceived sex approval and HIV/STI risk perception on youth’s sexual behaviors. Implications for targeted interventions are discussed.
The Role of Alcohol Expectancies in the Association Between Behavioral Economic Alcohol Demand, Relative Reinforcement, and Alcohol Problems
Authors: Magri Tatiana D. , Dvorak Robert D. , Aston Elizabeth R. , Meshesha Lidia Z.
Published: August 2024

Alcohol consumption and related problems are common among college students. Prior research links behavioral economic (BE) constructs of alcohol demand and relative reinforcement (RR), and alcohol expectancies, with alcohol consumption/problems. However, research has yet to examine the associations between BE, expectancy theory, and alcohol use outcomes. In this study, college students ( n = 287) completed a single online survey assessing demand, RR, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol use/problems. We examined the cross-sectional indirect association of expectancies and drinking on the relationship between demand and alcohol problems and between RR and alcohol problems. The final model showed adequate fit, χ2(26) = 67.23, RMSEA = .07, CFI = .95, SRMR = .06. Higher demand and RR were associated with stronger alcohol expectancies, which demonstrated an indirect association on the relationship between demand, and RR, and alcohol problems. Findings suggest that demand and RR may be directly related to alcohol expectancies; a relationship that has not been previously identified. Moreover, alcohol expectancies may impact the associations among demand, RR, and alcohol problems. Thus, alcohol expectancies may be an important intervention target for reducing alcohol problems. Future longitudinal research is needed to evaluate this association over time and assess if these findings have potential impact for intervention research.
Adolescents’ Digital Nightlife: The Comparative Effects of Day- and Nighttime Smartphone Use on Sleep Quality
Authors: Siebers Teun , Beyens Ine , Baumgartner Susanne E. , Valkenburg Patti M.
Published: August 2024

The smartphone occupies a substantial part of adolescents’ daily life, from the moment they wake up to, for some, well beyond their bedtime. The current study compared the impact of adolescents’ daytime, pre-bedtime, and post-bedtime smartphone use on their sleep quality. In addition, it explored the differential effects of lean-back and lean-forward smartphone apps. We collected data from 155 adolescents across 21 days using smartphone tracking (745,706 app activities) in combination with experience sampling (1,950 sleep quality assessments). We found no significant effects of daytime and pre-bedtime smartphone use on sleep quality, but a negative association of post-bedtime smartphone use with sleep quality (β = −.09). The association between smartphone use and sleep quality varied across app categories: Time spent on lean-forward apps around bedtime, such as social media apps right before (β = −.08) and game apps after bedtime (β = −.23), was associated with lower sleep quality. The use of lean-back apps (i.e., video players) was not associated with sleep quality, neither before nor after bedtime.
Relationship Between Environmental Meteorological Factors and the Incidence of Epistaxis in Different Age Groups in Yangzhou
Authors: Zhu Bin , Liu Di , Lu Xiuyue , Liu Baoxu , Guan Bing , Xu Li
Published: August 2024

Objective: To investigate the relationship between environmental and meteorological factors and the incidence of epistaxis in different age groups in Yangzhou, as well as to provide a reference and theoretical basis for epistaxis prevention and treatment. Methods: The patients with epistaxis who were treated in Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province from January 2016 to December 2020 were reviewed, and the relationship between the local environmental meteorological factors at the time of onset and the incidence of epistaxis in different age groups was analyzed, and the potential environmental meteorological risk factors of epistaxis in each age group were determined by Stepwise logistic regression. Results: From 2016 to 2020, there were 24,407 cases of epistaxis, mostly males and children. The effects of O3 concentration, average humidity, average temperature, NO2 concentration, sunshine duration, average wind speed, CO concentration, and temperature difference on the study population were statistically significant ( P < .05). Analysis by age group showed that there were differences in environmental and meteorological factors related to epistaxis in different age groups. Conclusions: In Yangzhou, epistaxis is more prevalent among males and children. The environmental meteorological factors are related to the incidence of epistaxis in Yangzhou, among which the average humidity and temperature difference are negatively correlated with the incidence of epistaxis. In contrast O3 concentration, average temperature, NO2 concentration, sunshine duration, average wind speed, and CO concentration are positively correlated with epistaxis occurrence. However, the impact of these environmental and meteorological factors varies in different age groups.
Case Report of a Congenital Subglottic Cyst
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxu , Shi Qiulan
Published: August 2024

This article presents the case of a full-term newborn who underwent tracheal intubation after birth due to rapid breathing and cyanosis of the lips. Ultrasonography, computer tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of a subglottic cyst. The patient underwent cyst marsupialization via endoscopy under general anesthesia, with successful extubation on the second postoperative day. In the later follow-up, it was shown that the cyst recurred quickly. However, the special feature of this case is that during the follow-up, the size of the cyst remained unchanged, but suddenly disappeared spontaneously in the third year. As for the reason for the disappearance of the cyst, we can only make theoretical speculations. Whether other recurrent cases will also resolve spontaneously, there are currently no relevant reports.
Combined Open Surgery and CO2 Laser for Giant Supraglottic Hemangioma in an Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Tintinago Luis F. , Valencia Juan S. , Niño Alejandro , Guzmán Tania M.
Published: August 2024

Laryngeal hemangiomas are rare vascular tumors, mainly in children, and less common in adults. Giant lesions typically require multiple endoscopic procedures and temporary tracheostomy. Open surgery allows single-procedure removal with fewer complications. CO2 laser excision controls bleeding and minimizes tissue damage. This study evaluates this hybrid approach to manage adult giant supraglottic hemangiomas. A 54-year-old woman with a giant supraglottic hemangioma was successfully treated using a combination of open surgery and CO2 laser. Limited data on adult laryngeal hemangiomas result in a lack of established treatment protocols. For giant supraglottic hemangiomas, combining open surgery with CO2 laser resection offers distinct advantages: enhanced lesion visibility, optimal airway control, effective hemostasis, reduced tissue damage, and lower recurrence rates. This hybrid approach also supports rapid recovery and favorable clinical outcomes. Combining open surgical excision with CO2 laser is effective for managing giant supraglottic hemangiomas in adults.