bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A quick drink: the response of southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons) to rainfall
Authors: Gaughwin Matt , Taggart David
Published: October 2020

This paper describes opportunistic observations of the response of wombats to rainfall. Within a few minutes after heavy showers of rain wombats congregated to drink at an area of exposed calcrete (limestone) where water had accumulated. The wombats interacted socially much more than is typical for wombats. This event demonstrates a level of understanding of their environment and of the availability of a transient resource that has not been documented previously.
Configuration and spin-up of ACCESS-CM2, the new generation Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator Coupled Model
Authors: Bi Daohua , Dix Martin , Marsland Simon , O’Farrell Siobhan , Sullivan Arnold , Bodman Roger , Law Rachel , Harman Ian , Srbinovsky Jhan , Rashid Harun A. , Dobrohotoff Peter , Mackallah Chloe , Yan Hailin , Hirst Anthony , Savita Abhishek , Dias Fabio Boeira , Woodhouse Matthew , Fiedler Russell , Heerdegen Aidan
Published: October 2020

A new version of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator coupled model, ACCESS-CM2, has been developed for a wide range of climate modelling research and applications. In particular, ACCESS-CM2 is one of Australia’s contributions to the World Climate Research Programme’s Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Compared with the ACCESS1.3 model used for our CMIP5 submission, all model components have been upgraded as well as the coupling framework (OASIS3-MCT) and experiment control system (Rose/Cylc). The component models are: UM10.6 GA7.1 for the atmosphere, CABLE2.5 for the land surface, MOM5 for the ocean, and CICE5.1.2 for the sea ice. This paper describes the model configuration of ACCESS-CM2, documents the experimental set up, and assesses the model performance for the preindustrial spin-up simulation in comparison against (reconstructed) observations and ACCESS1.3 results. While the performance of the two generations of the ACCESS coupled model is largely comparable, ACCESS-CM2 shows better global hydrological balance, more realistic ocean water properties (in terms of spatial distribution) and meridional overturning circulation in the Southern Ocean but a poorer simulation of the Antarctic sea ice and a larger energy imbalance at the top of atmosphere. This energy imbalance reflects a noticeable warming trend of the global ocean over the spin-up period.
Climatology of wind changes and elevated fire danger over Victoria, Australia
Authors: Mills Graham , Harris Sarah , Brown Timothy , Chen Alex
Published: October 2020

Wind changes are a critical factor in fire management, particularly on days of elevated fire danger, and have been shown to be a factor in many firefighter entrapments in Australia and the USA. While there have been numerous studies of frontal wind changes over southeastern Australia since the 1950s, a spatial climatology of wind change strength and frequency over Victoria has hitherto been limited by the relatively low number of observation sites that have both high temporal resolution observations and sufficient length of record. This study used a recently developed high spatial (4-km grid) and temporal (1 hour) resolution, 46-year, homogeneous gridded fire weather climatology data set to generate a climatology of wind change strength by season at each gridpoint across Victoria. The metric used to define a wind change is the vector difference between the wind speed and direction over each 1-hour interval, with the highest value occuring on each day being selected for spatial analysis of strength and frequency. The highest values of wind change strength are found along the crest of the Great Dividing Range (the Great Divide), with a peak in spring. Elsewhere, the highest values occur in summer, with the areas south of the Great Divide, west of Melbourne and in central Gippsland showing higher values than the remainder of the state. The strength of wind changes generally decreases north of the Great Divide, although it is stronger in the northwest of the state in spring rather than in autumn. Lowest summertime (and other seasons) values occur in the northeast of the state and in far-east Gippsland. Exploring the frequencies of days when the highest daily Forest Fire Danger Index and the highest daily wind change strength jointly exceed defined thresholds shows that the northwest of the state has the highest springtime frequencies, whereas the highest autumn frequencies occur west of Melbourne and south of the Great Divide. The highest numbers of joint events in summer (when the greatest frequencies also occur) extend from central Victoria west to the South Australian border, with a secondary maximum in central Gippsland. These analyses offer important information for fire weather forecasters and for fire practitioners when preparing for a fire season or managing a fire campaign (for example, for allocating resources or understanding risks).
One health economics.
Authors: Häsler Barbara , Cuevas Soledad , Canali Massimo , Aragrande Maurizio , Shaw Alexandra , Zinsstag Jakob
Published: October 2020

This chapter presents examples that demonstrate how economic analysis involving human and animal health sectors has become a central element for providing evidence of the added value of a One Health approach, then reflects on the new developments in One Health, in particular, approaches based on systems thinking, and their implications for economic analyses. Limitations in economic evaluations are discussed as well as untapped potential and opportunities for the future of One Health economics.
The practice of one health: lessons learned.
Authors: Stephen Craig
Published: October 2020

This chapter describes the suggested components of an animal, human and environmental One Health practice, including a shared vision of the task at hand, having practical and timely solutions, paying attention to relationships, with transdisciplinary team activities, engaging academic and non-academic stakeholders, having animals as a defining feature, with an expanding scope of scientific basis, having a continuum of research and practice, being embedded in the local level, needing critical evaluation and needing to address the health of the environment.
Integrated rabies control.
Authors: Léchenne Monique , Miranda Mary Elizabeth , Mauti Stephanie , Mbilo Céline , Zinsstag Jakob
Published: October 2020

This chapter discusses the history of rabies, the shift from a "One Medicine" to social-ecological systems (HSES) and their involvement in sustainable, cost-effective elimination of rabies in domestic animals.
Cell division requires RNA eviction from condensing chromosomes
Authors: Sharp Judith A. , Perea-Resa Carlos , Wang Wei , Blower Michael D.
Published: October 2020

During mitosis, the genome is transformed from a decondensed, transcriptionally active state to a highly condensed, transcriptionally inactive state. Mitotic chromosome reorganization is marked by the general attenuation of transcription on chromosome arms, yet how the cell regulates nuclear and chromatin-associated RNAs after chromosome condensation and nuclear envelope breakdown is unknown. SAF-A/hnRNPU is an abundant nuclear protein with RNA-to-DNA tethering activity, coordinated by two spatially distinct nucleic acid–binding domains. Here we show that RNA is evicted from prophase chromosomes through Aurora-B–dependent phosphorylation of the SAF-A DNA-binding domain; failure to execute this pathway leads to accumulation of SAF-A–RNA complexes on mitotic chromosomes, defects in metaphase chromosome alignment, and elevated rates of chromosome missegregation in anaphase. This work reveals a role for Aurora-B in removing chromatin-associated RNAs during prophase and demonstrates that Aurora-B–dependent relocalization of SAF-A during cell division contributes to the fidelity of chromosome segregation.
SHP2 inhibition diminishes KRASG12C cycling and promotes tumor microenvironment remodeling
Authors: Fedele Carmine , Li Shuai , Teng Kai Wen , Foster Connor J.R. , Peng David , Ran Hao , Mita Paolo , Geer Mitchell J. , Hattori Takamitsu , Koide Akiko , Wang Yubao , Tang Kwan Ho , Leinwand Joshua , Wang Wei , Diskin Brian , Deng Jiehui , Chen Ting , Dolgalev Igor , Ozerdem Ugur , Miller George , Koide Shohei , Wong Kwok-Kin , Neel Benjamin G.
Published: October 2020

KRAS is the most frequently mutated human oncogene, and KRAS inhibition has been a longtime goal. Recently, inhibitors were developed that bind KRASG12C-GDP and react with Cys-12 (G12C-Is). Using new affinity reagents to monitor KRASG12C activation and inhibitor engagement, we found that an SHP2 inhibitor (SHP2-I) increases KRAS-GDP occupancy, enhancing G12C-I efficacy. The SHP2-I abrogated RTK feedback signaling and adaptive resistance to G12C-Is in vitro, in xenografts, and in syngeneic KRASG12C-mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SHP2-I/G12C-I combination evoked favorable but tumor site–specific changes in the immune microenvironment, decreasing myeloid suppressor cells, increasing CD8+ T cells, and sensitizing tumors to PD-1 blockade. Experiments using cells expressing inhibitor-resistant SHP2 showed that SHP2 inhibition in PDAC cells is required for PDAC regression and remodeling of the immune microenvironment but revealed direct inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis and vascularity. Our results demonstrate that SHP2-I/G12C-I combinations confer a substantial survival benefit in PDAC and NSCLC and identify additional potential combination strategies.
4-1BB (CD137) in anticancer chimeras
Authors: Melero Ignacio , Berraondo Pedro
Published: October 2020

4-1BB (CD137, TNFRSF9) mediates costimulatory signals important for activation and persistence of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In this issue of JEM, Oda et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20191166) report on a chimeric construction encompassing extracellular Fas and intracellular 4-1BB to dramatically improve adoptive T cell therapy.
A transmutation operator method for solving the inverse quantum scattering problem
*
Authors: Kravchenko Vladislav V , Shishkina Elina L , Torba Sergii M
Published: October 2020

The inverse quantum scattering problem for the perturbed Bessel equation is considered. A direct and practical method for solving the problem is proposed. It allows one to reduce the inverse problem to a system of linear algebraic equations, and the potential is recovered from the first component of the solution vector of the system. The approach is based on a special form Fourier–Jacobi series representation for the transmutation operator kernel and the Gelfand–Levitan equation which serves for obtaining the system of linear algebraic equations. The convergence and stability of the method are proved as well as the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the truncated system. Numerical realization of the method is discussed. Results of numerical tests are provided revealing a remarkable accuracy and stability of the method.
Nanoscale water spray assisted synthesis of CAs@B-TiO2 core–shell nanospheres with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wan Hengcheng , Zhang Ling , Li Yi , Meng Qi , Zhang Youkui , Duan Tao
Published: October 2020

Increasing photoactive areas and oxygen vacancy to improve the separation and utilization of electrons and holes in a photocatalytic process are a guarantee for highly photocatalysis efficiency. In this work, we report a CAs@B-TiO2 core–shell nanospheres via a nanoscale water spray assisted method to deposit of black titanium dioxide (B-TiO2) on carbon aerogel sphere (CAs) though slowly hydrolyzing of butyl titanate (e.g. TBOT) in an ethanol-water system. On this basis, furthermore, a facile one-step N2H4 · H2O treatment was used to introduces oxygen vacancies on the surface of TiO2 coating layer forming black TiO2. Oxygen vacancies can extend the optical response range of the TiO2 shell from the ultraviolet to the visible region, and increase conductivity and charge transport on the interface of core–shell structure. This study reveals the importance of surface oxygen vacancies for reducing band gaps and developing highly active photocatalysts under visible light.
Ultrasound elastography using a regularized modified error in constitutive equations (MECE) approach: a comprehensive phantom study
Authors: Ghavami S , Babaniyi O , Adabi S , Rosen D , Alizad A , Aquino W , Fatemi M
Published: October 2020

Many of the current techniques in transient elastography, such as shear wave elastography (SWE) assume a dominant planar shear wave propagating in an infinite medium. This underlying assumption, however, can be easily violated in real scenarios in vivo, leading to image artifacts and reconstruction errors. Other approaches that are not bound to planar shear wave assumption, such solutions based on the partial differential equation, can potentially overcome the shortcomings of the conventional SWE. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the advantages of the modified error in constitutive equations (MECE) formulation with total variation regularization (MECE + TV) over SWE in reconstructing the elastic moduli of different tissue-mimicking phantoms. Experiments were conducted on phantoms with inclusions of well-defined shapes to study the reconstruction of specific features relevant to practical applications. We compared the performances of MECE + TV and SWE in terms of quantitative metrics to estimate reconstruction accuracy, inclusion shape recovery, edge preservation and edge sharpness, inclusion size representation, and shear elasticity and contrast accuracies. The results indicate that the MECE + TV approach outperforms SWE based on several of these metrics. It is concluded that, with further development, the proposed method may offer elastography reconstructions that are superior to SWE in clinical applications.
Review: Turbulence dynamics during the pedestal evolution between edge localized modes in magnetic fusion devices
Authors: Diallo A , Laggner F M
Published: October 2020

Fusion performance has been shown to be related to the H-mode pedestal structure. The pedestal is associated with steep gradients that are the source of free energy for microinstabilities. A variety of instabilities have been shown to co-exist in the pedestal. This paper reviews the experimentally observed signatures of instabilities during the pedestal parameters’ evolutions, with a focus on turbulence observations, made in between edge localized modes (ELMs), in multiple tokamaks. ELMs are cyclic events associated with bursty relaxations of the pedestal. The multiple machine results point to very similar pedestal localized modes suggesting the existence of a unifying mechanism governing the modes’ onset and dynamics. Modeling efforts to identify the generation mechanism of these instabilities are introduced. Several remaining challenges include the study of the instability saturation mechanisms and impact on the pedestal structure formation. Potential future research avenues will require multiscale-non-linear-gyrokinetic analyses to study the non-linear interaction between these instabilities, and which pedestal conditions facilitate such non-linear interactions, as well as the relationship with the formation of the pedestal through transport.
Simple computation of ignition voltage of self-sustaining gas discharges
Authors: Almeida P G C , Almeida R M S , Ferreira N G C , Naidis G V , Benilov M S
Published: October 2020

A robust, fast, and accurate numerical method is proposed for finding the voltage of the ignition of DC self-sustaining gas discharges in a wide range of conditions. The method is based on physical grounds and builds up from the idea that the ignition of a self-sustaining gas discharge should be associated with a resonance that would occur in a non-self-sustained discharge in the same electrode configuration. Examples of the application of the method are shown for various configurations: parallel-plate discharge, coaxial and wire-to-plane corona discharges, and a discharge along a dielectric surface. The results conform to the conventional Townsend breakdown condition for the parallel-plate configuration and are in good agreement with existing experimental data for the other configurations. The method has the potential of providing a reference point for optimization of the hold-off capability of high-power switchgear operating in low-frequency fields.
Electric field measurements in plasmas: how focusing strongly distorts the E-FISH signal
Authors: Chng Tat Loon , Starikovskaia Svetlana M , Schanne-Klein Marie-Claire
Published: October 2020

Electric field induced second harmonic generation (E-FISH) has recently demonstrated significant potential as a method for making absolute electric field measurements in non-equilibrium plasmas and gas discharges. Previous studies have relied on the plane-wave approximation in quantifying these measurements, while in reality, focused laser beams are almost always used. In this work, we perform a theoretical and experimental study using focused Gaussian beams, and examine the consequent effects on the E-FISH signal. We show that in addition to important parameters such as the external electric field strength, wave vector mismatch and Rayleigh range, the signal is strongly influenced by the full length and shape of this external field profile. We attribute this to the Gouy phase shift associated with focused beams, and note that analogous effects have been previously observed in second and third harmonic generation microscopy. This dependence of the E-FISH signal on the spatial profile of the external field is worth highlighting since it is often not easily determined a priori in a plasma, and neglecting its influence could lead to an incorrect electric field measurement. To minimize any inaccuracies associated with this issue, we propose several recommendations to consider when using the E-FISH diagnostic with focused beams.
Velocity distribution of metal ions in the target region of HiPIMS: the role of Coulomb collisions
Authors: Held J , Thiemann-Monjé S , von Keudell A , Schulz-von der Gathen V
Published: October 2020

High power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) discharges have become an important tool for the deposition of thin, hard coatings. Such discharges are operated at a very low working gas pressure in the order of 1 Pa. Therefore, elastic collisions between ions and other heavy particles are often calculated to occur with low frequency, using the hard sphere approximation. However, inside the magnetic trap region of the discharge, a very dense plasma is created and Coulomb collisions become the dominant collision process for ions. In this article, we show that Coulomb collisions are a necessary part of a complete description of ion movement in the magnetic trap region of HiPIMS. To this end, the velocity distribution function (VDF) of chromium and titanium ions is measured using high-resolution optical emission spectroscopy. The VDF of those ions is then described using a simple simulation which employs a direct simulation Monte Carlo scheme. The simulation describes the self-relaxation of the VDF that is initially a Thompson distribution as being created during the sputtering process. Measurement positions inside the discharge are matched to the simulation results choosing an appropriate relaxation time. In this fashion, excellent agreement between simulation and measurement is obtained. We find, that the distribution quickly becomes mostly Maxwellian with a temperature of 9 eV for titanium ions and 4.5 eV in the case of chromium ions. Only the high energy tail of the VDF retains the shape of the initial Thompson distribution. The observed high temperature is explained with an energy redistribution from the highly energetic Thompson distribution into an partly-thermalized Maxwell-like distribution. Finally, the temperature resulting from this energy redistribution is calculated using a simple analytical model which shows good agreement with the measurements.
Kinetic theory of high-voltage low-pressure gas discharge with electron initiation on a cathode in a planar gap
Authors: Kozyrev Andrey , Kozhevnikov Vasily , Semeniuk Natalia
Published: October 2020

We report one-dimensional kinetic simulation of electron and ion transport and multiplication (based on the Boltzmann kinetic equations) in a self-consistent electric field after electron injection from the cathode. The 1D1V Boltzmann equations take into account the electron impact ionization, elastic electron scattering, and resonant ion recharging. The spatio-temporal evolution of the gas breakdown in a planar diode with a gap of 5 mm filled with nitrogen at pressure of 1 Pa, with applied voltage of 2.5 kV, was demonstrated in detail. In the vicinity of these parameters, an intermediate gap breakdown mode is realized when the discharge exists in the form of relaxation current oscillations. The simulation showed that, during plasma generation, the electric potential acquires non-monotonic spatial distribution in the gap. Under the non-monotonic potential distribution, anode-directed ion flow is formed inside the gap. An extended hump of potential may appear, forming ion fluxes with kinetic energy nominally exceeding the voltage drop (in the calculated spectrum the mean ion energy was at the level of 6–7 keV at an applied voltage of 2.5 kV).
Tilted double Dirac cone and anisotropic quantum-spin-Hall topological insulator in mechanical granular graphene
Authors: Zheng Li-Yang , Theocharis Georgios , Fleury Romain , Tournat Vincent , Gusev Vitalyi
Published: October 2020

Dirac degeneracies are essential ingredients to control topological charge exchanges between bands and trigger the unique edge transport properties of topological materials. In addition, when Dirac cones are tilted, exotic phenomena can emerge such as anomalous Hall effect or unconventional Klein tunneling. However, the unique topological transport properties arising from the opening of tilted Dirac cone degeneracies have been left completely uncharted. Here, we demonstrate a new form of Dirac degeneracy that occurs in mechanical granular graphene (MGG): a tilted double Dirac cone, composed of two counter-tilted type-I Dirac cones. Different from the reported C
6 systems, we show that the tilted double Dirac cone is present in a C
2 granular graphene. Remarkably, a pair of anisotropic helical edge waves appears when the degeneracy is lifted. This leads to an anisotropic quantum spin-Hall topological insulator that possesses unique wave propagation properties, including anisotropic edge dispersion and direction-dependent edge-bulk mode conversion.
Comparing particle transport in JET and DIII-D plasmas: gyrokinetic and gyrofluid modelling
Authors: Fransson E. , Eriksson F. , Oberparleiter M. , Held M. , Mordijck S. , Nordman H. , Salmi A. , Strand P. , Tala T.
Published: October 2020

Transport modelling, for two dimensionless collisionality scaling experiments at the Joint European Torus (JET) and DIII-D with three discharges each, is presented. Experimental data from JET (Tala et al 2019 Nucl. Fusion
59 126030) and DIII-D (Mordijck et al 2020 Nucl. Fusion
60 066019) show a dissimilar dependence in the density peaking from the source and turbulent transport. The discharges from the JET collisionality scan show that the source is dominant for the density peaking, which is contrary to DIII-D where the transport is the main cause for the peaking. In this article, the different dependency on the source is studied by investigating the zero flux density gradient (peaking factor) at radial position ρ

t
 = 0.6 and by calculating the averaged perturbed diffusion and pinch between ρ

t
 = 0.5 and ρ

t
 = 0.8. Results show that the difference of the normalized temperature gradients have the largest and considerable impact on the peaking factor. The calculated diffusion and pinch showed good match with the experimental measured perturbed values. The calculated ratio of the particle balance pinch and diffusion explained the difference in peaking from turbulent transport, a high ratio for DIII-D yielding high peaking and a low ratio for JET yielding low peaking. However the particle balance diffusion, which suppresses the peaking from the source, was high for DIII-D and low for JET. Thusly, explaining the particle source much larger impact on the peaking at JET.
Split-Point and Attribute-Reduced Classifier Approach for Fault Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Blade through Vibration Signals
Authors: Joshuva A , Arjun M , Adhithya B Sujith , Akash B , Wahaab S Abdul
Published: October 2020

This study proposes a data processing and analysis of wind turbine blade faults using split-point and attribute-reduced classifier (SPAARC) through statistical-machine learning approach. In this study, the fault like erosion, hub-blade loose connection, pitch angle twist, bend and crack faults have been simulated and the vibration data has been taken using a piezoelectric accelerometer. With the recorded data, statistical features where extracted and with the extracted features were used to classify the fault condition on the wind turbine blade through SPAARC. The classification accuracy was found to be 85.67% and validated through 10-fold-cross-validation.
Rough Set Theory Based Blade Condition Classification on Wind Turbine through Statistical Features
Authors: Joshuva A , Kumar K Rakesh , Gangadhar G S Sriram , Dhanush S S , Arjun M
Published: October 2020

Wind energy has become a one of the alternative energy source due to fossil fuel crisis. These wind energies are being harvested from the wind through wind turbines. These wind turbines are subjected to various environmental factors and prone to severe vibration on blade. This vibration lead to the catastrophic calamities and cause severe capital loss and wind production loss. This study proposes a data processing and analysis of wind turbine blade faults using rough set theory based feature classification. The feature extraction (statistical features) and the feature selection (J48 decision tree algorithm) methods were used to identify the best features for fault classification. Using rough set theory, with five statistical features, 75.5% of classification accuracy have been obtained for the fault identification on wind turbine blade.
Design and Finite Element Analysis of Prosthetic Hand Controlled by Wireless Gestures for Differently-abled People
Authors: Shanmugasundar G , Dharanidharan M , Vishwa D , Jayaprakash A , Abimanyu P
Published: October 2020

This paper focuses on the design and finite element analysis of the prosthetic hand for differently-able people. The prosthetic hand consists of two sections: one is the transmitting section and another one is the receiving section. The transmitting section consists of a glove embedded with a series of flex sensors connected with a microcontroller and a wi-fi module. The flex sensors are fixed along with each finger which captures and converts the motion of the fingers into analog signals and is transmitted to the receiving section through the wi-fi module. The receiving section consists of the prosthetic hand in which each finger is actuated by the servo motors. The transmitted signals are received by the wi-fi module in the receiver section through the microcontroller and are converted into digital signals. The fingers of the prosthetic hand are actuated by the servo motors corresponding to the received digital signals. The methodology involved in this research is the designing, meshing, and analyzing of a prosthetic hand using the PTC Creo software and then assembling electronic components. The analysis of the prosthetic hand involves the analysis of equivalent stress and total deformation at various regions of the prosthetic hand by selecting steel as a material to fabricate.
Influence of Tool Pin Profile in Underwater Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium 6061 Alloy
Authors: Premkumar P , Ruskin Bruce A , YogeshKrishnan P.R
Published: October 2020

Light metals like Aluminium and Magnesium are usually joined by welding processes like Friction Stir Welding (FSW). Aluminium being light weighted is used in various aeronautical applications. During welding using FSW, the Heat affected zone (HAZ) obtained is very much high due to direct exposure of air. In order to minimise the heat affected zone and also to improve the Weld strength, an attempt has been made to weld Aluminium Al 6061 alloy using Underwater Friction stir welding (UFSW). By carrying out the FSW process underwater, the hardness of the welded structures is also increased due to rapid cooling. In this present study, the effect of different pin profiles like cylindrical, square and conical profiles on the welded specimen is studied. Consequently, the mechanical properties of these welded specimens are also compared and analysed.
Development of Hybrid Friction Material for Brake Pad Application
Authors: Mullaikodi S.M , Sethuvelappan P , Kamaraj M , Naveen E , Ramanan N
Published: October 2020

As per the report of world health organization and environmental protection agencies, the existing brake pad materials produce toxic gases. Toxicity leads to create a bad effect on human health. So, there is a need to reduce the percentage of toxic elements at source and develop novel material compositions. It is known that the natural fiber-reinforced material reduces the toxicity. In this direction, an attempt made to fabricate hybrid natural fiber-reinforced composite material. The hand layup method was used to fabricate the hybrid fiber-reinforced composites. The mechanical test namely tensile, flexural, impact, shear, and interlaminar were performed to characterize the composites. The results revealed that hybrid fiber-reinforced composite materials exhibit superior mechanical properties compared to non-hybrid composites. Scanning Electron Microscope was used to analyze the fracture surface of the tested samples.
Utilization of grey Taguchi method to optimize the mechanical properties of hemp and coconut shell powder hybrid composites under liquid nitrogen conditions
Authors: Velmurugan G , Babu K , Flavia L Immaculyne , Stephy C Stories , Hariharan M
Published: October 2020

Through this work an attempt was made to improve the mechanical properties of composite materials by using a process called Gray-Taguchi. Hand lay-up approach has been adopted for manufacturing. Here, Woven Hemp fiber diameter, Number of hemp layer, coconut shell powder content and cryogenic temperature ranges at different levels were incorporated as result parameter. ASTM specifications were set for the manufactured laminates to perform the mechanical tests. Hemp and coconut shell powder material are exposed to 5 percent NaOH treatment to create the matrix-fiber interface exchange. To optimize composite, the Taguchi method is combined with the Gray relational analysis. The quality targets are set for mechanical properties that include compressive strength, tensile strength, impact strength and flexural strength. This study involved nine experiments on the orthogonal array of the L9 (34) Taguchi method. A combination of the composite, Gray relational analysis was applied to obtain the optimal parameter. The results of optimum parameters were verified using Conformation test. The maximum prescribed parameters are 0.7 mm woven hemp diameter, two hemp layers, 10 percent CSP content weight, and -130°C cryogenic temperature range provides the maximum energy of impact, tensile strength and flexural strength.
Experimental investigation of the effect of Nano-silica on the mechanical properties of concrete
Authors: Thenmozhi S. , Gowri V. , Vignesh A. , Suganthan S.
Published: October 2020

Construction Industry is one of the leader in deterioration of environment. The production of cement consumes large quantities of raw materials, energy, heat and releases greenhouse gases. This paper focus to minimize the use of cement in the production of concrete. Concrete cubes and cylinders were prepared with 0,2, 4 and 6% nano-silica and cured. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, Split tensile strength, Flexural Strength and Sulphate attack of concrete were obtained and compared with conventional concrete for 7 days, 14 days and 28days curing. The tests results shows 4% of nano-silica in concrete increases the Compressive and Split tensile strength of concrete.
A Numerical Investigation of Variably Heated Enclosure to Enhance its Heat Transfer Rate using CFD
Authors: Ragupathi P. , Aravind S. , Kumar D. Sathish , Vignesh G.
Published: October 2020

The flow simulation with the help of computational tools helps in solving many engineering problems related to fluid dynamics. This in turn reduces the time and cost incurred in doing real time experimental investigations. In this present research work, computational investigation was carried out in a variably heated enclosure to enhance the life span of the electronic components inside the enclosure. The investigation was performed over a twilight enclosure system, the purpose of this system is switch on or off the street lights with support of sensors automatically. This particular enclosure is subjected to heating as it is continuously exposed to sunlight through the day. This enclosure consists of delicate electronic components which are sensitive to heat. The heat transfer can be enhanced in this system by the prevailing natural flowing air in the surrounding by free convection process. To enhance and optimize this heat transfer process, numerical simulation using computational tools was carried out by changing the physical layout of the enclosure. To perform this numerical simulation, flow simulation module available in the SolidWorks was used. Also, to model this system, the same modeling software was used. From the outcome of this numerical flow simulation, it showed a drop of 36.3% in the heat transfer rate when compared to the existing model to the proposed model used for the simulation. By using the modified and proposed model, the life span of the entire system will be improved.
Performance and Emission Evaluation of Diesel Engine Fueled with Karanja Methyl Ester
Authors: Rajesh K , Devan P K , Saran R , Vasanthakumar S , Vignesh K
Published: October 2020

Petroleum based fuels are the main source of energy for the transportation vehicles. It is consumed in a very faster rate due to continuous use. Major drawback of fossil fuel usage is exhaust gas emission and it is non-renewable. The search for alternate energy source has been increasing; one of the better alternatives is biodiesel. The biodiesel can be effectively used as an alternate fuel instead of diesel as its properties is very close to diesel. The biodiesel extracted from Karanja oil is tested in diesel engine as B100 and B20 blend and its results were compared with diesel. It was found that the brake thermal efficiency is low for biodiesel and its blend compared to diesel. The specific fuel consumption increases for B100 and B20 than diesel due to its reduced heating value. Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emission is reduced considerably for B100 compared to B20 and neat diesel. At the same time the NOx emission is also observed to be decreasing for B100 and the NOx of B20 is closer to diesel. From the results obtained the Karanja oil biodiesel can be directly used in direct injection diesel engines and can be a better alternate fuel for the conventional one.
Hybrid energy harvesting system using IOT
Authors: Pradeep Jayarama , Krishnakumar S. , Sowmiya M.
Published: October 2020

Global warming, environmental pollution and power production costs are the major issues that the world is facing and many research work is done in the above areas to reduce the adverse effects arises due to fore mentioned issues. In particular, many research has been carried in power generation without CO2 emission and polluting the environment. This can be achieved by using renewable sources for electrical energy production in optimized manner. This paper presents a hybrid energy harvesting by combining thermoelectric Generators (TEG) along with solar energy to develop electrical energy. The proposed framework has been intended to harvest energy to an extent that it can gather both solar energy and the heating effect in the panel at the same time. The solar radiations are made to fall on the PV panel, which is productive enough to collect the light radiations falling on it and convert into electrical energy. Meanwhile, these radiations cause warming up of the PV panel, prompting the decrease in its effectiveness of production. Hence in order to increase the efficiency of the system energy harvesting, this heat production is utilized using TEG. The thermoelectric generators are used which retain this warmth and create an electrical energy in the form of DC based on seebeck effect. This project utilize a PV panel and a thermoelectric generator to incorporate both light and warmth for harvesting electrical energy. This output energy is needed to regulate with the help of dc-dc converter. The contribution of energy from PV panel and thermoelectric generator are given to the buck boost converter. The output of the converter is stored in the battery which can be used for direct dc load or through inverter for ac load. This project also implements internet of things (IOT) technology to monitor and manage the electric energy harvested through this technology from anywhere.
Modeling of stresses in inorganic composite plates under non uniform high temperature heating
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Egoleva E S , Yakovlev D O , Sborschikov S V
Published: October 2020

An asymptotic theory of thin composite plates with multi-stage high-temperature phase transformations is proposed. The theory is based on an asymptotic analysis of 3-dimensional equations of the mechanics of composite materials, taking into account phase transformations. Phase transformations are described by a system of kinetic equations, which is solved in conjunction with the equations of internal heat and mass transfer. The so-called local problems for plate theory are obtained and the averaged equations of plate theory with phase transformations are derived. An example of a composite based on an aluminum-chromo-phosphate matrix under uneven heating is considered. A numerical-analytical solution showed that although the heating is uneven due to the peculiarities of phase transformations, the stress-strain state changes significantly in time and is variable across the plate thickness. The developed theory allows us to calculate the stress distribution in the plate with high accuracy.
Selection and justification of polymer composite wing structural arrangement using parametrical modeling
Authors: Baranovski S V , Mikhailovskiy K V
Published: October 2020

Currently, due to the increase in air traffic, the need for modern reliable airliners is increasing, the requirements for which are constantly growing. One of the options for meeting these requirements is the use of polymer composite materials (PCM) in the structure, in particular in the wing. This article is devoted to the urgent task of designing a polymer composite wing power circuit within the framework methods of designing developing. The modeling, calculation and analysis of ninety variants of the wing structural and power schemes. The rational geometric parameters of the primary structural member arrangement are established, including the step and installation direction of ribs, stringer, spars, providing the greatest margin of safety factor. The skin power element is considered in detail. The stringer shape and material based on the calculations made are justified. The work is part of the methodology for designing a polymer composite wing.
Automation of business processes of the logistics company in the implementation of the IoT
Authors: Ilyashenko Oksana , Kovaleva Yekaterina , Burnatcev Dmitrii , Svetunkov Sergey
Published: October 2020

It is known that the maintenance of vehicles is one of the main tasks of the transport company. The article analyzes the activities of the company engaged in railway transportation. The company is one of the largest oil carriers in the former Soviet Union. The main attention was paid to the analysis of the process of control of the technical condition of components that was carried out in EPC notation. Due to the lack of automated diagnostics of parts, the company spends time stopping vehicles to check the technical condition, which leads to financial losses. After analysing the market opportunities, it was decided to use an automated system that includes the Internet of Things technologies. Based on the capabilities of the system, the process of monitoring the technical condition of components “as it should be” was built. The new algorithm helps to avoid unwanted downtime, as well as reduces the repair time of components due to automatically generated reports on the technical condition.
Automation of warehouse accounting processes as an integral part of digital company
Authors: Shirokova Svetlana , Rostova Olga , Chuprikova Anna , Zharova Mariya
Published: October 2020

The object of the study is the company “UP!”-a large advertising Agency. With the arrival of the company on the Russian market and the beginning of its work in the retail sector, a significant change in existing business processes was required. In particular, the company requires automation of warehouse accounting processes, which will improve the efficiency of supply, logistics and sales departments. Methods of the system analysis of the purpose are applied for formation of the correct structure of the tasks which are subject to automation. An iterative model and elements of the Prince2 methodology were used to manage the implementation project. At the end of the introduction of information systems management of storage resources are marked significant effect - increased productivity by optimizing the time spent on documentation, there is a possibility of control over the movement of goods and materials in the company on the basis of the tracking flow, accounting, sales and write-offs in retail outlets, the opportunity to analyze sales.
Introduction of innovative technologies - a factor in the development of the waste management industry in Russia
Authors: Putinceva Natalia , Kim Olga , Voronina Elena , Fugalevich Elena , Mikhailova Marina , Ushakova Elena
Published: October 2020

In recent years, many countries experiencing the global financial and economic downturn have been actively searching for new models of development. Creating a waste management industry in Russia is another sector of the “green economy” that can solve not only the country’s environmental problems, but also can create new points of growth, create new jobs and ensure economic growth. Eco-technoparks (there are about 300 such parks in the world today) should become the basis of the waste management industry. Foreign and Russian experience in the operation of eco-technoparks allows us to identify certain regularities and success factors for their activities, and to promote the growth of the number of eco-technoparks. The waste management industry is now also becoming a driver of the digital economy. At the same time, the process of digitalization of the waste management industry is a real opportunity to move to a differentiated system of payment for municipal waste management services, and, accordingly, the opportunity to solve the industry’s problems. In order to develop the waste management industry, it is necessary to define the concept of eco-technoparks and secondary resources as an important condition for providing state support to eco-technoparks. The article gives the author’s definition of eco-technology parks.
Industry 4.0 Development Prospects and Introduction Readiness into Russian Enterprises
Authors: Asaturova Yuliya
Published: October 2020

Today the competitiveness of the Russian economy is closely dependent on the successful introduction of new digital technologies into the domestic industry. In the study, the authors analysed features of the industrial revolution in Russia and other countries. It was discovered that the industrial Internet is currently underutilized in the Russian market. However, one of its notable characteristics is the dominance of the industrial segment in the Russian Internet of Things, which indicates promising development prospects for the industrial Internet technology in Russia. The authors also analysed readiness of Russian enterprises to introduce Industry 4.0 technologies. Although the enterprises clearly expressed their readiness to implement digital technologies, there are some objective difficulties that set back the process. The main obstacles that prevent the integration of the industrial Internet into the Russian industry are insufficient flexibility of enterprises, a lack of developed digital business models of companies, a shortage of skilled personnel, and limited funding. In the conclusion, the authors set some objectives that need to be addressed in order to facilitate the development of the industrial Internet in Russia based on the findings of the study.
Impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the sustainability of Vietnam’s economic development
Authors: Guzikova Liudmila , Hong Van Lo Thi , Nechitaylo Igor , Dedyukhina Natalia
Published: October 2020

The article explores the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the sustainability of Vietnam’s economic development. The focus is on the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Vietnam. The main indicators characterizing the fourth industrial revolution are analyzed in comparison with the “four new Asian tigers”-Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines. Based on the identification of the Industry 4.0 advantages and disadvantages in Vietnam, various aspects of its impact on the national economy are evaluated. The necessity of continuing the implementation of Industry 4.0 on the basis of overcoming the identified shortcomings of the process of its implementation in Vietnam is substantiated.
Digital transformation of the banking system of Russia with the introduction of blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies
Authors: Golubev Artem , Ryabov Oleg , Zolotarev Alexey
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the problems of the development of modern banking business in Russia in the context of the growing share of large banks in the market. The aim of the work is to determine the need for the introduction of new advanced technologies by small and medium banks in order to increase the efficiency of their activities. The working hypothesis is that against the background of low economic growth in Russia and high competition among state and quasi-state banks, small and medium-sized banks can remain competitive only through cooperation and the introduction of new advanced technologies (artificial intelligence technology and blockchain technology).

The article provides a brief overview of theoretical and empirical studies of the introduction of modern information technologies in banking. Briefly describes the international experience in implementing information technology in the financial sector of the economy. The article also provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the development of the modern Russian banking system.

The analysis of official statistics of the Bank of Russia was carried out, which confirmed the tendency to decrease in the number of banks in the Russian economy, as well as the increase in the degree of monopolization of the banking sector of the Russian economy. Together, these two phenomena lead to increased competition between large banks on the one hand and medium and small banks on the other, in which the latter can only be actively introduced by new information technologies.

The study clearly showed that the monopolization of the banking sector leads to the need to look for new development paths for small and medium-sized banks through the introduction of modern technologies.