bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Democracy, Class, and White Settler Colonialism
Authors: Baker W. Oliver
Published: April 2017

This essay offers a critique of a set of responses to neoliberalism that emphasize liberal democracy and class solidary (worker identity) as the paramount sites today for productive collective struggle and creation of democratic life. Drawing on the insights of Indigenous critical theory and Afro-pessimist theory, I argue that theories of liberal democracy and worker-centered struggle fail to consider how the colonial antagonisms Indigeneity and Blackness continue not only to underpin neoliberal forms of exploitation and dispossession but to overdetermine how we conceptualize and organize our struggles for genuine forms of democratic life. To create genuine forms of democratic life we must conceptualize and build struggles not around points of convergence among differentially positioned groups in capitalism, but around the antagonisms that make democratic social belonging impossible in the first place. This requires that we confront the colonial antagonisms that remain with us today in the structures of settler colonialism and racial capitalism.
Manifesto for the New, Political Pop Song
Authors: Ryan Catherine
Published: April 2017

In order to address the political melancholia and negativity that beset the left, a new type of political pop song must be devised. This manifesto proposes a form of dance-pop that is conceived as a new sort of therapy, designed to combat the atomized, individualized way in which suffering is encountered under neoliberal capitalism. The description of political melancholy and neoliberal subjectivity is drawn from the work of Wendy Brown, Lauren Berlant, Nina Power and Alenka Zupančič. The new, political pop song will have five key characteristics: it will be tragic; it will be affirmative, rather than a song of protest; it will be anthemic and upbeat; it will be in a lyric mode but it will be about collective experiences; and it will spread online virally, via new media.
The Unknown Student
Authors: McCallum Fraser
Published: April 2017

‘The Unknown Student’ examines the history and legacy of the titular sculpture produced at Rochdale College (1968–1975), Toronto’s infamous experiment in alternative education and communal living.
Uji Performansi Algoritma Floyd-Warshall Pada Jaringan Software Defined Network (SDN)
Authors: Saputra Ihsan Aris , M. R. Rumani , Hertiana Sofia Naning
Published: April 2017

Penentuan rute pada sebuah jaringan software defined network (SDN) merupakan salah satu contoh topik yang menarik untuk diteliti. Algoritma penentuan rute terpendek pada jaringan SDN sangatlah menentukan apakah jaringan SDN yang dibangun dengan algoritma tersebut sudah optimal. Salah satu algoritma penentuan rute terpendek yaitu algoritma FloydWarshall, yang akan diuji coba dan dianalisis apakah sudah termasuk algoritma yang optimal pada jaringan SDN dengan membandingkan dengan standarisasi yang ada. Pengujian akan dilakukan dengan mengirimkan paket data, VoIP dan video dengan melihat overhead traffic dan QoS (delay dan packet loss). Algoritma Floyd-Warshall akan digunakan pada pengontrol Ryu dan menggunakan Mininet sebagai emulator jaringan dengan topologi berbasis Abiline. Hasil simulasi dan pengujian algoritma Floyd-Warshall sebagai penentuan jalur terbaik dalam jaringan SDN, mendapatkan hasil yang memenuhi standarisasi. Nilai dari QoS yang didapat untuk delay masih berada pada nilai yang menjadi standar ITU-T G.1010. Packet loss yang dihasilkan semua jenis layanan sudah memenuhi standar ITU-T G.1010 yaitu 0% hingga saat pada jaringan diberikan background traffic melebihi kapasitas link yaitu pemberian sebesar 75 Mbps. Dalam pengujian waktu konvergensi didapatkan waktu dengan rata-rata nilai 17.71446 detik. Kemudian untuk overhead traffic menunjukan bahwa perubahan overhead dipengaruhi oleh controller update dan juga flow update, dimana ketika sering terjadinya controller update dan flow update maka semakin besar juga overhead yang didapat.
Eco-dialogical learning and translanguaging in open-ended 3D virtual learning environments: Where place, time, and objects matter
Authors: Zheng Dongping , Schmidt Matthew M. , Hu Ying , Liu Min , Hsu Jesse
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this research was to explore the relationships between design, learning, and translanguaging in a 3D collaborative virtual learning environment for adolescent learners of Chinese and English. We designed an open-ended space congruent with ecological and dialogical perspectives on second language acquisition. In such a space, sense-making is contingent on the relational dynamics of place, activities, and artefacts. These spaces encourage meaning-making in situ, manipulation of virtual objects within places, and coordination among players. Our investigation looked at how learners of Chinese and English collaborated on a project in which they decorated a virtual living room. The findings suggest that socioculturally bounded places afford unique learning opportunities. Firstly, learning occurred through referencing, which is the mutual clarification of a virtual object’s meaning, position, and function, in relatively stabilised places, such as a museum, and secondly, learning occurred through coordination between verbal instruction and object manipulation in more adaptive places, which we call eco-dialogical learning. We also found a strong relationship between translanguaging and object manipulation. We conclude the paper from the perspective of how the eco-dialogical model resulted in designs that promoted cognition and interactivity.
Digitalisierung industrieller Einfacharbeit
Authors: Hirsch-Kreinsen Hartmut
Published: April 2017

Gegenstand des vorliegenden Beitrags ist ein Beschäftigungssegment, das als „industrielle Einfacharbeit“ bezeichnet wird. Es wird gefragt, inwieweit einfache und gering qualifizierte Arbeit von dem zunehmenden Einsatz digitaler Technologien betroffen ist. Die im gegenwärtigen Digitalisierungsdiskurs oftmals formulierte These ist, dass einfache Tätigkeiten durch die neuen Technologien weitgehend substituiert werden. Demgegenüber wird im vorliegenden Beitrag gezeigt, dass keineswegs von einem eindeutigen Prozess der fortschreitenden Substitution von industrieller Einfacharbeit durch den Einsatz digitaler Technologien ausgegangen werden darf. Vielmehr lassen sich verschiedene Entwicklungspfade von Einfacharbeit erkennen, die jeweils sehr unterschiedliche Zukunftsperspektiven für diesen Arbeitstypus bezeichnen. Methodisch handelt es sich bei den Entwicklungspfaden industrieller Einfacharbeit um Szenarien, d.h. eine allgemeinverständliche Beschreibung möglicher Zukunftstrends. Damit werden die vorliegenden Befunde über die bisherige Entwicklung industrieller Einfacharbeit unter den Bedingungen einer fortschreitenden Nutzung digitaler Technologien in die Zukunft projiziert. Diese Szenarien bzw. Entwicklungspfade haben hypothetischen Charakter und sie bedürfen einer systematischen empirischen Validierung.
Unternehmen und die Cloud
Authors: Boes Andreas , Kämpf Tobias , Langes Barbara , Ziegler Alexander
Published: April 2017

Nicht mehr nur in den Unternehmen der IT-Industrie wird der digitale Umbruch immer stärker mit dem Thema Cloud verbunden. Wo aktuell über disruptive Innovationen von Geschäftsmodellen, Produktionsmodellen und der Organisation von Arbeit nachgedacht wird, scheinen Cloud-Konzepte eine wichtige Basis zu bilden. In diesem Beitrag wird danach gefragt, was sich hinter dieser Diskussion um Cloud verbirgt. Ausgehend von der Theorie der Informatisierung wird dazu ein genuin soziologisches Begriffsverständnis von Cloud entwickelt. Darauf aufbauend wird der Blick in die Praxis gerichtet. Im Rahmen von drei Fallstudien werden die Strategie eines Cloud-Anbieters der ersten Stunde aus dem Silicon Valley, die Transformation eines etablierten globalen Softwarekonzerns sowie die neue Geschäftsstrategie eines mittelständischen Industrieunternehmens untersucht. Im Zentrum stehen zwei Fragen: Welche Rolle spielen Cloud-Konzepte in den neuen Geschäftsstrategien der Unternehmen? Und welche Konsequenzen ergeben sich aus der Umsetzung der neuen Strategien für die Organisation von Arbeit in den Unternehmen?
Digitalisierung als eigensinnige soziale Praxis
Authors: Carstensen Tanja
Published: April 2017

Mit der Digitalisierung verändert sich gegenwärtig auch der Arbeitsalltag der Beschäftigten. Allerdings erfolgt die Aneignung der neuen Technologien nicht immer reibungslos. Auf der Grundlage von theoretischen Ansätzen der Science and Technology Studies, der Information System Research, der Praxistheorie, der Cultural Studies und der Soziologie des Digitalen fragt der Beitrag nach dem Eigensinn und der Handlungsmacht von Beschäftigten. Am Beispiel einer empirischen Studie über die Social-Media-Nutzung in Unternehmen wird gezeigt, wie Arbeitsorganisation, spezifische Haltungen der Subjekte sowie bestimmte Charakteristika der eingesetzten Technik deren Nutzung sowie die Emergenz neuer Praktiken verhindern.
Differential hemoglobin A sequestration between hemodialysis modalities
Authors: Naseeb Uzma , Zarina Shamshad , Jägerbrink Theres , Shafqat Jawed , Jörnvall Hans , Axelsson Jonas
Published: April 2017

This report evaluates plasma protein patterns, dialysates and protein analysis of used dialysis membranes from the same patient under hemodialysis in three separate modalities, using high-flux membranes in concentration-driven transport (HD), convection-driven hemofiltration (HF) and combined hemodialfiltration (HDF). The plasma protein changes induced by each of the three dialysis modalities showed small differences in proteins identified towards our previous plasma analyses of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The used dialysate peptide concentrations likewise exhibited small differences among the modalities and varied in the same relative order as the plasma changes, with protein losses in the order HD>HDF>HF. The membrane protein deposits allowed quantification of the relative Hb removal ratios as ~1.7 for HD and ~1.2 for HDF vs. ~1.0 for HF. Hence, plasma protein alterations, dialysate peptide contents and membrane Hb deposits all identify HD as the modality with the most extensive filtration results and exemplifies the accessibility of protein analysis of used membrane filters for evaluation of dialysis efficiencies.
Capital Funded Models of Pension Insurance on Selected Examples Part 1
Authors: Sowiński Tomasz
Published: April 2017

This study on the capital funded models of pension insurance will present the economic concept [in theory] and the Chilean and Argentinian concepts of pension insurance implemented in those countries. On the one hand, extremely similar to each other, and on the other differing with so many detailed solutions that it might as well be said they are completely dissimilar. If we chronologically consider the Chilean system as the primary one, than the Argentinian system is its mirror image, however, reflected in the funhouse mirror.

Both solutions have aroused and continue to arouse many emotions. They have become the basis for formulating very general, almost axiological conclusions, as well as detailed legal, economic, sociological and other analyses. These are model examples of the so-called capital funded models in pension insurance, which were in their heyday not so long ago, and at present raise more and more skepticism.

However, they cannot be omitted when looking into the future functioning of the public pension systems, particularly due to the fact that they are constantly changing in pursuit of the target model, which will perhaps become the future universal model of the retirement security for the citizens of the globalized world.
Compact Quad-Band Bandpass Filter Using Double-Diplexing Structure
Authors: Xu Jin , Zhu Yan , Du Yong-Qian
Published: April 2017

This paper presents a compact quad-band bandpass filter (QB-BPF) using double-diplexing structure, which consists of two channel filters and a pair of modified manifold-coupled lines. Each channel filter is realized by the asymmetrical coupling shorted stub loaded stepped-impedance resonator (SSLSIR) dual-band bandpass filter (DB-BPF), and the modified manifold line constructed by lumped elements is proposed to connect two channel filters to constitute the QB-BPF. The fabricated QB-BPF occupies a compact circuit size of 0.178λ
The DLR Spaceborne SAR Calibration Center
Authors: Reimann Jens , Schwerdt Marco , Schmidt Kersten , Ramon Nuria Tous , Döring Björn
Published: April 2017

A necessary activity for any SAR system is its calibration to establish the relation between radar measurements and geophysical parameters. During this process, all essential parameters of a SAR image are linked to their geophysical quantities. This includes the geolocation of the SAR image, its backscattering characteristics (in amplitude and in phase) and polarimetric information. The Microwaves and Radar Institute of the DLR has gained extensive experience in these calibration procedures during the last decades and has developed special methods and dedicated reference targets for spaceborne SAR system calibration. Through examples of calibration results obtained for different spaceborne SAR mission, the capabilities of the DLR SAR Calibration Center are presented.
Cryptography from the tropical Hessian pencil
Authors: Chauvet Jean-Marie , Mahé Eric
Published: April 2017

Recent work by Grigoriev and Shpilrain [
The isomorphism problem for torsion free nilpotent groups of Hirsch length at most 5
Authors: Eick Bettina , Engel Ann-Kristin
Published: April 2017

We consider the isomorphism problem for the finitely generated torsion free nilpotent groups of Hirsch length at most five. We show how this problem translates to solving an explicitly given set of polynomial equations. Based on this, we introduce a canonical form for each isomorphism type of finitely generated torsion free nilpotent group of Hirsch length at most 5 and, using a variation of our methods, we give an explicit description of its automorphisms.
Enzymatic grafting of kraft lignin as a wood bio-protection strategy. Part 1: factors affecting the process
Authors: Fernández-Costas Carmen , Palanti Sabrina , Sanromán María Ángeles , Moldes Diego
Published: April 2017

Kraft lignin (KL) isolated from the black liquor of pulping has some antifungal potential. For investigation of this effect, KL was treated with laccase to form covalent bonds to green wood and the critical parameters for enzymatic grafting have been evaluated. The biocidal properties of KL could be confirmed. Growth inhibition of over 50% was found with lignin concentrations equal to or higher than 10 g l−1. The change of wood color was evaluated based on the CIEL*a*b* color system and the data served for evaluation of the effectiveness of the KL binding to wood. The grafting reaction time was the most important variable in the impregnation process. Significant degrees of grafting were achieved in 10 min when samples were left to air dry after impregnation. The color loss was 30% after wood extraction with acetone. Higher temperatures and enzymatic pre-activation did not have a significant effect. As a conclusion, the most suitable procedure for enzymatic grafting of KL onto wood is by air-drying of the impregnated materials.
Convergence Between a New EU Economic Diplomacy and International Business Strategies
Authors: Vasilcovschi Nicoleta
Published: April 2017

Economic diplomacy is known as a symbol of the European Union and represents its primary function.

With the development of science and new ways of communication, the European Union can organize a new approach for its economic diplomacy. The main advantage of the European Union as a soft power is that its economic and diplomatic interests are represented in a manner that is based not on confrontation but economic collaboration with other states. The disadvantage is that this domain is presently not used enough to represent EU interests. This paper describes economic diplomacy in general and the economic diplomacy of the EU in particular. Divided into three parts, the goal of this study is to outline the importance of economic diplomacy, its evolution, the influence of this domain on the creation of previous economic treaties, and its possible future impact on the development of new agreements between the European Union and its neighbor countries.

The main methodology used is descriptive, presenting the evolution of this field and the new business strategies that can be used to improve cooperation at the eastern border of the European Union. Therefore we present here the historical background of EU economic diplomacy, its present issues and future challenges. The quantitative data used in this research paper are based on information from EU websites and on the actual events concerning debates about economic diplomacy and its future. The research questions presented herein follow the general evolution of this domain and its mutual influence with EU’s businesses strategies.
Influencing factors on high-risk sexual behaviors in young people: an ecological perspective
Authors: Arabi-Mianrood Hoda , Hamzehgardeshi Zeinab , Khoori Elham , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Shahhosseini Zohreh
Published: April 2017

Background

In recent years, high-risk sexual behaviors due to their negative consequences both for the individual and society have received more attention than other high-risk behaviors.

Objective

The aim of this study was to review the influencing factors of high-risk sexual behaviors among young people from an ecological point of view.

Methods

This review was conducted through searching databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library with keywords such as sexual risk-taking behavior, high-risk sex, unprotected sex and unsafe sex. The relevant papers published between 1995 and 2016 were extracted. After reviewing the abstract and full text of the articles, 45 papers were used to write this article.

Results

From an ecological theory approach, factors which influence high-risk sexual behaviors are divided into three categories – the microsystem, the mesosystem and the macrosystem. The microsystem includes factors such as age, gender, race, marital status, place of residence, religion, level of education, personality traits, psychological problems, childhood experiences, body image and coincidence of high-risk behaviors; the mesosystem includes factors such as family structure, peers and sex education; in the macrosystem, the impact of culture and traditions of the society, economic status and the media are presented.

Conclusion

Given that high-risk sexual behaviors often have multiple causes, it seems that health policymakers must consider multi-dimensional interventions to influence high-risk sexual behaviors based on the ecological approach.
Organisational-Level Attributes of Micro-Multinationals. The Evidence From European SMEs
Authors: Wąsowska Aleksandra
Published: April 2017

This paper investigates organisational-level attributes that allow European SMEs to choose equity-based modes of entry to foreign markets, thus becoming micro-multinationals. We hypothesize that international R&D cooperation (hypothesis 1) and using digital marketing (hypothesis 2) by SMEs increase their likelihood of becoming a mMNE. These hypotheses are tested through a logistic regression analysis based on a large sample of European companies drawn from the Flash Eurobarometer study. Separate regression models are estimated for companies originating from EU-13 and EU-15. Hypothesis 1 is supported by both samples. Hypothesis 2 is supported in the EU-15 sample. Our identification of organisational-level attributes that increase the likelihood of SMEs choosing equity-based internationalisation contributes to International Entrepreneurship entry mode literature.
Garcinia kola seeds may prevent cognitive and motor dysfunctions in a type 1 diabetes mellitus rat model partly by mitigating neuroinflammation
Authors: Seke Etet Paul F. , Farahna Mohammed , Satti Gwiria M.H. , Bushara Yahia M. , El-Tahir Ahmed , Hamza Muaawia A. , Osman Sayed Y. , Dibia Ambrose C. , Vecchio Lorella
Published: April 2017

Background

We reported recently that extracts of seeds of Garcinia kola, a plant with established hypoglycemic properties, prevented the loss of inflammation-sensible neuronal populations like Purkinje cells in a rat model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Here, we assessed G. kola extract ability to prevent the early cognitive and motor dysfunctions observed in this model.

Methods

Rats made diabetic by single injection of streptozotocin were treated daily with either vehicle solution (diabetic control group), insulin, or G. kola extract from the first to the 6th week post-injection. Then, cognitive and motor functions were assessed using holeboard and vertical pole behavioral tests, and animals were sacrificed. Brains were dissected out, cut, and processed for Nissl staining and immunohistochemistry.

Results

Hyperglycemia (209.26 %), body weight loss (–12.37 %), and T1DM-like cognitive and motor dysfunctions revealed behavioral tests in diabetic control animals were not observed in insulin and extract-treated animals. Similar, expressions of inflammation markers tumor necrosis factor (TNF), iba1 (CD68), and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), as well as decreases of neuronal density in regions involved in cognitive and motor functions (–49.56 % motor cortex, –33.24 % medial septal nucleus, –41.8 % /–37.34 % cerebellar Purkinje /granular cell layers) were observed in diabetic controls but not in animals treated with insulin or G. kola.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that T1DM-like functional alterations are mediated, at least partly, by neuroinflammation and neuronal loss in this model. The prevention of the development of such alterations by early treatment with G. kola confirms the neuroprotective properties of the plant and warrant further mechanistic studies, considering the potential for human disease.
Activation cross section and isomeric cross-section ratio for the (n,2n) reaction on 132,134Ba
Authors: Luo Junhua , Wu Chunlei , Jiang Li , Li Suyuan
Published: April 2017

Cross sections of the 132Ba(n,2n)131m,gBa and 134Ba(n,2n)133m,gBa reactions and their isomeric cross section ratios σm/σg have been measured by means of the activation technique at three neutron energies in the range 13−15 MeV. BaCO3 samples and Nb monitor foils were activated together to determine the reaction cross section and the incident neutron flux. The quasimonoenergetic neutrons beam were produced via the 3H(d,n)4He reaction at the Pd-300 Neutron Generator of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP). The activities induced in the reaction products were measured using high−resolution γ ray spectroscopy. The pure cross section of the ground-state was derived from the absolute cross section of the metastable state and the residual nuclear decay analysis. Cross sections were also evaluated theoretically using the numerical nuclear model code, TALYS-1.8 with different level density options at neutron energies varying from the reaction threshold to 20 MeV. Results are discussed and compared with the corresponding literature.
Assessment of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex mobility with the Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle test: intraobserver reliability and differences in ranges of motion between girls with idiopathic scoliosis and their healthy counterparts
Authors: Stępień Agnieszka , Guzek Katarzyna , Rekowski Witold , Radomska Iwona , Stępowska Jolanta
Published: April 2017

Introduction: The Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle (TPHA) test is used for assessing the mobility of lumbo-pelvic-hip complex. The aim of the research was to assess the intraobserver reliability of the TPHA test in girls with and without idiopathic scoliosis and to compare the test values obtained by the girls in both groups.

Material and methods: The research included girls without scoliosis and girls with double idiopathic scoliosis aged 8-16. The trunk-pelvis-hip angle was measured three times on each body side within one session. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of ANOVA intraclass correlation coefficient for dependent groups, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test as well as non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test for dependent groups and Mann-Whitney U test for independent groups.

Results: The research included 49 healthy girls (aged 11.8 ± SD 2.5 years) and 49 girls with double idiopathic scoliosis (aged 12.7 ± SD 2.6 years; Cobb angle Th 27.7° ± SD 13.4° and L Cobb 25.8° ± SD 10.5°). The intraobserver reliability for the TPHA measurements was very high (ICC>0.85). In both groups the left-side TPHA value was significantly higher than the right-side value (p=0.001). The TPHA range of motion on the right side of the body was more limited in the scoliotic girls than in the healthy ones (p=0.001).

Conclusions: The TPHA test is a reliable means of assessing mobility in the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex in girls by one observer. The asymmetry of movements in the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex in healthy girls needs to be observed since it may constitute one of the factors predisposing to scoliosis which limits spine rotation range of motion. The TPHA test needs further research.
Hip muscle strength and static balance in patients with snapping hip syndrome – a pilot study
Authors: Witke-Woźniak Agnieszka , Wychowański Michał , Dąmbski Tomasz , Szymfel Karina , Kochański Tomasz
Published: April 2017

Introduction: Snapping hip syndrome (SHS) occurs in 5-10% of the global population. A back and forth skip of the tendon of the dysfunctional muscle across the osseous prominence is the most common symptom of this condition. Mainly young generation suffers from SHS. Depending on the structures that cause an audible snap, snapping hip syndrome may be classified into intra-articular and extra-articular types. The main aim of the research was to assess the strength of the major hip muscles and static balance in patients with snapping hip syndrome.

Material and methods: The research was carried out on 10 untrained females and 10 untrained males with extra-articular snapping hip syndrome. An average age was approximately 25 years. The research was conducted with the use of interview questionnaire, clinical examination, balance assessment on the JBA Staniak 4P dynamometric platform and measurements of the hip muscle strength on the JBA Staniak SPB2 set.

Results: Patients with SHS manifested an increased tension in iliotibial band, while significant weakening of internal and external rotator muscle strength was noted in women and significant weakening of external rotator muscle strength was observed in men. No correlations between hip muscles strength and stabilographic test results in patients with snapping hip syndrome were found.

Conclusions: Individuals with SHS and healthy persons demonstrate similar balance levels. The treatment of snapping hip syndrome should include: 1) restoring internal rotator muscle strength in women, 2) restoring external rotator muscle strength both in women and in men, as well as 3) restoring iliotibial band flexibility.
Attitudes of students of Faculty of sport and physical education from Belgrade about alpinism activities influence on group socialization and future professional work
Authors: Miletić Vladimir , Rajković Željko , Vidaković Hadži
Published: April 2017

In frame of subject Outdoor activities, as mandatory practical teaching, students of sport and physical education from Belgrade have ten days summer camp. From twelve different practical contents 43% represent base for implementation of alpinism activities. Alpinism activities and its base means: camping, hiking, navigation, mountaineering and alpinism. Socialization is process, in which members of society became capable for life in social community. The main goal of socialization is adoption of characteristically behavior with the ability to adapt to new environmental with personality preservation. Professors of PE through their subject need to adapt their expertise to opportunities of their pupils and direct then to the essence of sport and PE. Beside transfer of knowledge and skill, professors have a task to follow and evaluate development of pupil, to cooperate with colleagues and pupil parents, to organize workshops, excursions, competitions… Research was implemented during last day of camp, with five grade rating scale. Results shows high awareness of student population regarding alpinism activities in relationship with nature and frustrations that nature gives to us. This is one more confirmation that shows importance of existing this educational contents. Its necessary to elaborate program activities with more details and diversity in order to have offer of better quality, and realization in higher percent of these activities.
Numerical Prediction of 45° Angled Ribs Effects on U-shaped Channels Heat Transfer and Flow under Multi Conditions
Authors: Wang Longfei , Wang Songtao , Zhou Xun , Wen Fengbo , Wang Zhongqi
Published: April 2017

Ribs effects on the heat transfer performance and cooling air flow characteristics in various aspect ratios (AR) U-shaped channels under different working conditions are numerically investigated. The ribs angle and channel orientation are 45° and 90°, respectively, and the aspect ratios are 1:2, 1:1, 2:1. The inlet Reynolds number changes from 1e4 to 4e4 and rotational speeds include 0, 550 rpm, 1,100 rpm. Local heat transfer coefficient, endwall surface heat transfer coefficient ratio and augmentation factor are the three primary criteria to measure channel heat transfer. Ribs increase the heat transfer area and improve heat transfer coefficient of ribbed surfaces significantly, especially in the 1st pass, while the endwall surface contributes more to channel heat transfer because of the larger area and relatively smaller heat transfer coefficient. The wide channel (AR =2:1) owns the better augmentation factor than the narrow channel (AR =1:2) and ribs heat transfer weight increases with an increase of the inlet Reynolds number. Rotating slightly reduces the ribs heat transfer weight in channel and the trailing surface in 1st pass is the main influence object of rotating.
The transcription factor bZIP14 regulates the TCA cycle in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Matthijs Michiel , Fabris Michele , Obata Toshihiro , Foubert Imogen , Franco‐Zorrilla José Manuel , Solano Roberto , Fernie Alisdair R , Vyverman Wim , Goossens Alain
Published: April 2017

Diatoms are amongst the most important marine microalgae in terms of biomass, but little is known concerning the molecular mechanisms that regulate their versatile metabolism. Here, the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was studied at the metabolite and transcriptome level during nitrogen starvation and following imposition of three other stresses that impede growth. The coordinated upregulation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle during the nitrogen stress response was the most striking observation. Through co‐expression analysis and DNA binding assays, the transcription factor bZIP14 was identified as a regulator of the TCA cycle, also beyond the nitrogen starvation response, namely in diurnal regulation. Accordingly, metabolic and transcriptional shifts were observed upon overexpression of bZIP14 in transformed P. tricornutum cells. Our data indicate that the TCA cycle is a tightly regulated and important hub for carbon reallocation in the diatom cell during nutrient starvation and that bZIP14 is a conserved regulator of this cycle.
Posttranslational modification impact on the mechanism by which amyloid‐β induces synaptic dysfunction
Authors: Grochowska Katarzyna M , Yuanxiang PingAn , Bär Julia , Raman Rajeev , Brugal Gemma , Sahu Giriraj , Schweizer Michaela , Bikbaev Arthur , Schilling Stephan , Demuth Hans‐Ulrich , Kreutz Michael R
Published: April 2017

Oligomeric amyloid‐β (Aβ) 1‐42 disrupts synaptic function at an early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multiple posttranslational modifications of Aβ have been identified, among which N‐terminally truncated forms are the most abundant. It is not clear, however, whether modified species can induce synaptic dysfunction on their own and how altered biochemical properties can contribute to the synaptotoxic mechanisms. Here, we show that a prominent isoform, pyroglutamated Aβ3(pE)‐42, induces synaptic dysfunction to a similar extent like Aβ1‐42 but by clearly different mechanisms. In contrast to Aβ1‐42, Aβ3(pE)‐42 does not directly associate with synaptic membranes or the prion protein but is instead taken up by astrocytes and potently induces glial release of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα. Moreover, Aβ3(pE)‐42‐induced synaptic dysfunction is not related to NMDAR signalling and Aβ3(pE)‐42‐induced impairment of synaptic plasticity cannot be rescued by D1‐agonists. Collectively, the data point to a scenario where neuroinflammatory processes together with direct synaptotoxic effects are caused by posttranslational modification of soluble oligomeric Aβ and contribute synergistically to the onset of synaptic dysfunction in AD.
Effective localization in tumor-induced osteomalacia using 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT, venous sampling and 3T-MRI
Authors: Kawai Shintaro , Ariyasu Hiroyuki , Furukawa Yasushi , Yamamoto Reika , Uraki Shinsuke , Takeshima Ken , Warigaya Kenji , Nakamoto Yuji , Akamizu Takashi
Published: April 2017

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by renal phosphate wasting leading to hypophosphatemia due to excessive actions of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) produced by the tumors. Although the best way of curing TIO is complete resection, it is usually difficult to detect the culprit tumors by general radiological modalities owing to the size and location of the tumors. We report a case of TIO in which the identification of the tumor by conventional imaging studies was difficult. Nonetheless, a diagnosis was made possible by effective use of multiple modalities. We initially suspected that the tumor existed in the right dorsal aspect of the scapula by 68Ga-DOTATOC positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT) and supported the result by systemic venous sampling (SVS). The tumor could also be visualized by 3T-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), although it was not detected by 1.5T-MRI, and eventually be resected completely. In cases of TIO, a stepwise approach of 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT, SVS and 3T-MRI can be effective for confirmation of diagnosis.

Learning points:

TIO shows impaired bone metabolism due to excessive actions of FGF23 produced by the tumor. The causative tumors are seldom detected by physical examinations and conventional radiological modalities.

In TIO cases, in which the localization of the culprit tumors is difficult, 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT should be performed as a screening of localization and thereafter SVS should be conducted to support the result of the somatostatin receptor (SSTR) imaging leading to increased diagnosability.

When the culprit tumors cannot be visualized by conventional imaging studies, using high-field MRI at 3T and comparing it to the opposite side are useful after the tumor site was determined.
Neonatal hypothyroidism does not increase Sertoli cell proliferation in iNOS−/− mice
Authors: Lara Nathália L M , França Luiz R
Published: April 2017

Sertoli cell (SC) proliferation in mice occurs until two weeks after birth and is mainly regulated by FSH and thyroid hormones. Previous studies have shown that transient neonatal hypothyroidism in laboratory rodents is able to extend SC mitotic activity, leading ultimately to higher testis size and daily sperm production (DSP) in adult animals. Moreover, we have shown that due to higher SC proliferation and lower germ cell apoptosis, iNOS deficiency in mice also results in higher testis size and DSP. Although the cell size was smaller, the Leydig cells (LCs) number per testis also significantly increased in iNOS−/−mice. Our aims in the present study were to investigate if the combination of neonatal hypothyroidism and iNOS deficiency promotes additive effects in SC number, testis size and DSP. Hypothyroidism was induced in wild-type (WT) and iNOS−/−mice using 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) through the mother’s drinking water from 0 to 20 days of age, and were sacrificed at adulthood. Our results showed that, in contrast to the WT mice in which testis size, DSP and SC numbers increased significantly by 20, 40 and 70% respectively, after PTU treatment, no additive effects were observed for these parameters in treated iNOS−/−mice, as well as for LC. No alterations were observed in spermatogenesis in any group evaluated. Although we still do not have an explanation for these intriguing findings, we are currently investigating whether thyroid hormones influence iNOS levels and/or counterbalance physiological effects of iNOS deficiency in testis function and spermatogenesis.
Guru is a Donut
Authors: Lange Vanessa
Published: April 2017

How are global gurus successful in enchanting thousands of devotees? Common descriptions tend to highlight attributes of the actors, e.g. the charisma of the guru or the biographies and socio-economic backgrounds of the devotees. In my opinion this does not sufficiently explain the growth or stability of these movements. By using a social network theory approach, I focus on the types of ties between the involved actors. From this relational perspective, the network position of the actors and the qualities of the ties between them are the „material“ a guru-centered movement is made of. Instead of searching for more and more characteristics of the actors to explain the phenomenon (e.g. the guru's rhetoric skills and theological virtuosity or the devotee's disappointment with more conventional forms of religion), this approach helps to see a distinctive pattern of social organization that both enables and restricts interaction.
Effect of Papacarie and Alternative Restorative Treatment on Pain Reaction during Caries Removal among Children: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Abdul Khalek AMG , Elkateb MA , Abdel Aziz WE , El Tantawi M
Published: April 2017

Objective: To compare the effect of Papacarie and Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) on pain and discomfort during caries removal among children. Study Design: Fifty healthy, 4–8 year-old children were equally and randomly allocated to Papacarie and ART to remove caries from decayed primary teeth. A randomized, controlled, blinded, two parallel-arms clinical trial was conducted in the clinic of the Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Alexandria University, Egypt in March 2014. Pain and discomfort were assessed blindly by two independent investigators watching videotaped treatment sessions using the Sound, Eye and Motor scale (SEM). Their reliability was assessed using Kappa statistics. The effect of caries removal methods, time spent to remove caries and other confounders on SEM score was assessed using regression analysis. Results: Mean time to remove caries using Papacarie and ART was 5.8 and 4.8 minutes, P= 0.005. Median Paparie and ART scores for the S, E and M components were 1, 1, 1 and 3, 2, 3. Adjusted mean SEM score= 3.6 and 7.8, P <0.0001. Method of caries removal was the only factor significantly affecting pain and discomfort. Conclusion: Papacarie is associated with minimal pain during caries removal from primary teeth compared to ART, although it has longer working time.
Localized Juvenile Spongiotic Gingival Hyperplasia: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Kalogirou Eleni-Marina , Chatzidimitriou Konstantina , Tosios Konstantinos I. , Piperi Evangelia P. , Sklavounou Alexandra
Published: April 2017

Objective: Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a painless gingival swelling that histologically exhibits hyperplasia of the non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, intercellular edema and spongiosis of the spinus layer, and exocytosis of inflammatory cells. LJSGH pathogenesis remains to be elucidated, while a possible origin from the gingival sulcus epithelium is nowadays proposed. Study design: We report two cases of LJSGH with immunohistochemical evaluation of cytokeratins (CKs) 18 and 19. Results: Both cases concerned 12-year-old boys, who presented with a well-circumscribed bright red pedunculated papillary swelling on the marginal gingiva of the left maxillary lateral incisor. With the provisional diagnosis of LJSGH, the lesions were excised under local anesthesia and histological examination supported the final diagnosis of LJSGH. In both cases, the lesional epithelium showed intense and mild positivity for CK19 and CK18, respectively, while the adjacent normal gingival epithelium expressed CK19, but not CK18, only in the basal cell layer. The postoperative course was uneventful in both patients and no recurrence has been reported. Conclusion: LJSGH is a recently introduced entity that is worth attention in the clinical pediatric dentistry. Clinical and histological examination is required for the final diagnosis, while immunohistochemistry has shed light to LJSGH pathogenesis.
Fluid supplementation in term neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia: a randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arindam , Maiti Rajsekhar
Published: April 2017

Background: Severe neonatal jaundice can cause fatality and serious permanent effect, called kernicterus, in which the brain stem nuclei and basal ganglia are damaged. We are encouraged to work on efficacy of fluid supplementation in addition to photo therapy as a measure to reduce bilirubin level more efficiently.Methods: A randomized control trial study was conducted in Department of Paediatric Medicine, Neonatal Unit, R.G. Kar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, from April 2011 to March 2012. A total 100 term neonates presenting with severe non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia (>18 mg/dl to <25 mg/dl) were enrolled as study population. The study subjects were divided into two equal groups, study group and control group by randomization. The study group was given IV fluid supplementation in addition to photo therapy. Total serum bilirubin (TSB) level assessed periodically and results compared with control group.Results: The study results reveal a statistically significant association between the percent fall in TSB at 12 (Chi2= 7.18, p=0.000) and 24 hours (Chi2=10.69, p=0.000) in the intervention arm compared to the control group.Conclusions: Fluid supplementation along with double surface phototherapy in term neonates presenting with severe hyperbilirubinemia decreases the rate of exchange transfusion and duration of phototherapy.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Gooseberry and Wild Apple fruit juices of the northeast region of India
Authors: Punjabi Kapil , Chitalia Vidushi K. , Mukadam Tehmeena , Sharma Jaishankar , Maniar Jinesh , Vasave Shital , Vaidya Shashikant , Dikho Mao L.
Published: April 2017

A large number of wild fruits belonging to the North Eastern region of India are considered to be nutritionally abundant and traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments. In the present study, juices of Gooseberry and Wild Apple have been evaluated for their antimicrobial activity in its consumable form as a potential source of natural anti-infective agent. The fruit juices were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities qualitatively, using the agar well diffusion method followed by quantitative assessment by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The study revealed that both the fruit juices exhibited broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Considerable activity against drug resistant pathogens such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) and Extended Spectrum Î²-Lactamases (ESBL) producing Gram Negative bacteria (GNB) was observed. Thus, this study highlights the antibacterial efficacy of Wild Apple and Gooseberry fruit juices and augments the beneficiary properties of highly nutritional fruit juices that are specific to the Indian region.
A Novel Parameter Estimation Method Based on LSU-EKF for Polynomial Phase Signal
Authors: Zhang Yi-xiong , Xu Hua-wei , Xu Rong-rong , Deng Zhen-miao , Yang Cheng-Fu
Published: April 2017

The parameter estimation problem for polynomial phase signals (PPSs) arises in a number of fields, including radar, sonar, biology, etc. In this paper, a fast algorithm of parameter estimation for monocomponent PPS is considered. We propose the so-called LSU-EKF estimator, which combines the least squares unwrapping (LSU) estimator and the extended Kalman filter (EKF). First, the coarse estimates of the parameters of PPS are obtained by the LSU estimator using a small number of samples. Subsequently, these coarse estimates are used to initial the EKF. Monte-Carlo simulations show that the computation complexity of the LSU-EKF estimator is much less than that of the LSU estimator, with little performance loss. Similar to the LSU estimator, the proposed algorithm is able to work over the entire identifiable region. Moreover, in the EKF stage, the accurate estimated results can be output point-by-point, which is useful in real applications.
Complications and Functional Outcomes After Pantalar Dislocation
Authors: Boden Kaeleen A. , Weinberg Douglas S. , Vallier Heather A.
Published: April 2017

Background:

Pantalar dislocations without associated talar fracture are rare and have high risks of complications, including infection, osteonecrosis, and posttraumatic osteoarthrosis. Limited information on later function exists. This study evaluated complications and outcomes following pantalar dislocation without talar fracture.

Methods:

Nineteen patients were identified with open (n = 14) or closed (n = 5) pantalar dislocations without talar fracture. Ten male and 9 female patients with a mean age of 39.6 years (range, 19 to 68 years) were included. Open injuries underwent surgical debridement. Sixteen patients had open reduction, and 2 had closed reduction. Fixation was achieved with Kirschner wires (n = 4), external fixation (n = 9), or both (n = 3). Two patients did not have fixation. Another patient had primary transtibial amputation due to nonreconstructible foot trauma. Charts and radiographs were reviewed to identify infection, osteonecrosis, and posttraumatic arthrosis. Data on pain, medications, range of motion, and secondary procedures were collected. After a minimum of 1 year, Foot Function Index (FFI) and Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (MFA) surveys were administered.

Results:

The mean clinical follow-up was 45.1 months. Two patients had superficial wound-healing problems with prolonged drainage, which healed with dressing changes and oral antibiotics, and 1 patient developed cellulitis 4 months after injury, which resolved with intravenous antibiotics. No deep wound infections occurred. Fourteen (88%) of the 16 patients with a minimum of 11 months of radiographic follow-up developed osteonecrosis, 2 with collapse of the talar dome, and 7 (44%) developed arthrosis of ≥1 peritalar articulation. Outcome surveys were obtained for 11 (58%) of the 19 patients, at a mean of 5.2 years after injury. The mean MFA score was 30.3, and the mean FFI score was 25.3. Six of 10 survey respondents had returned to employment, but 88% (14 of 16) of the patients with radiographic and clinical follow-up reported at least mild pain and 75% (12 of 16) were taking analgesics.

Conclusions:

Urgent surgical debridement of open injuries and reimplantation of the talus after pantalar dislocation was not associated with deep infection. Osteonecrosis occurred in the majority of patients, but collapse was uncommon. Persistent pain and functional limitations are frequent after pantalar dislocation, as reflected in extremity-specific and generalized functional outcome scores.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.