bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS NET PROFIT MARGIN DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO DALAM MENILAI PERTUMBUHAN HARGA SAHAM PADA PT. JASUINDO TIGA PERKASA.TBK PERIODE TAHUN 2016-2020
Authors: Prameswari Devi , Suprihanto Slamet , Hamid Edison
Published: September 2023

This study aims to assess the impact of Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) on stock price growth. The research focuses on PT. Jasuindo Tiga Perkasa, Tbk, with data gathered from financial statements spanning from 2016 to 2020. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing three variables: Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) as independent variables and stock price growth as the dependent variable. The data analysis employs a case study methodology (non-hypothesis). The data analysis results for the period from 2016 to 2020 indicate that the average Net Profit Margin (NPM) per year stands at 8.70%, categorizing it as very good according to industry standards. The average Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) per year is 64.09, also falling into the very good category. Subsequently, the discussion of Net Profit Margin (NPM) concerning share price growth reveals a contribution of 7.29%, while Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) contributes 0.62%. The combined effect of Net Profit Margin and Debt to Equity Ratio on average share price growth over the last five years, spanning from 2016 to 2020, amounts to 7.91%. The remaining impact is attributed to unexamined factors not covered in this study.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Net Profit Margin (NPM) dan Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) dalam menilai pertumbuhan harga saham, objek penelitiannya adalah PT. Jasuindo Tiga Perkasa, Tbk, datanya diambil dari laporan keuangan periode 2016-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang terdiri dari tiga variabel yaitu net profit margin (NPM) dan debt to equity ratio (DER) sebagai variabel independen dan pertumbuhan harga saham sebagai variabel dependen. Analisis data menggunakan studi kasus (non hipotesis). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data periode 2016-2020 menunjukkan rata-rata net profit margin (NPM) per tahun secara keseluruhan sebesar 8,70%, kondisi ini masuk dalam kategori sangat baik berdasarkan standar rata-rata industri. Rata-rata rasio utang terhadap ekuitas (DER) per tahun sebesar 64,09 termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Kemudian dari hasil pembahasan net profit margin (NPM) dalam menilai pertumbuhan harga saham memberikan kontribusi sebesar 7,29% dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) dalam menilai pertumbuhan harga saham memberikan kontribusi sebesar 0,62% serta net profit margin dan debt to rasio ekuitas dalam menilai rata-rata pertumbuhan harga saham dalam 5 tahun terakhir yaitu periode 2016-2020 memberikan kontribusi sebesar 7,91% dan sisanya disumbang oleh faktor-faktor berikut: faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Ruta Turística Parajes del Toisán en la Parroquia Seis de Julio de Cuellaje, Imbabura
Authors: Casanova Imbaquingo Lorena Elizabeth , Benítez Pereira Juan Patricio , Guerrero Cabezas Tatiana Elizabeth , Narváez Córdova Cristian Giovanny
Published: September 2023

Los cambios que se producen en la actividad turística permiten la generación de nuevos productos turísticos. Cada vez más turistas optan  por alejarse de su lugar de residencia para adquirir nuevas experiencias relacionadas con la naturaleza y la cultura. El objetivo esta investigación es diseñar una ruta turística en la parroquia Seis de Julio de Cuellaje ubicada en Cotacachi, Ecuador. La pesquisa requiere identificar la oferta, la demanda y diseñar la ruta. La investigación presenta un enfoque mixto. Para el caso del inventario se utilizó la metodologia para Jerarquización de Atractivos y Generación de Espacios Turísticos del Ministerio del Turismo del Ecuador (MINTUR, 2018). Las características sociodemográficas, de organización del viaje y motivacionales, se identificaron mediante la aplicación de encuestas a visitantes en los principales atractivos turísticos de la zona de estudio. La ruta se diseñó siguiendo el Manual para la generación de rutas e itinerarios del MINTUR. Los resultados muestran que en la parroquia existen mayoritariamente atractivos de jerarquía I y II. Los visitantes que arriban a la zona buscan actividades en contacto con la naturaleza. Con los datos se estructuró la ruta denominada “Parajes del Toisán” misma que tiene actividades como senderismo, observación de flora y fauna, tubing y rappel en cascada. Se espera que la ruta turística se convierta en motor económico de la parroquia en pro del mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de la población.
Photocatalytic efficiency of green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles for the degradation of methyl orange dye: A review
Authors: Thakur Naveen , Thakur Nikesh , Kumar Kuldeep , Arya Vedpriya , Kumar Ashwani , Kalia Susheel
Published: September 2023

The primary global source of water pollution is industrial and textile dyes. These industries produce Highly stable organic dyes that are released untreated into nearby ponds, lakes and rivers. As ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are inexpensive, non-toxic, chemically and thermally stable, and have a higher UV absorption capacity, they are an effective nano-catalyst for removing hazardous contaminants such as organic and inorganic dyes from wastewater. The green synthesis of synthesised ZnO NPs, their shape and size, and their photocatalytic effectiveness against the dye methyl orange are all described in this paper. The emphasis is on environmentally friendly synthesis of ZnO NPs using plant extracts because the synthesis process impacts the characteristics and applications of ZnO NPs. Additionally, based on recently published literature, the shape and size factors that affect the photocatalytic activity in the degradation of MO dye are highlighted.
IMPLEMENTASI STANDAR PELAYANAN KEFARMASIAN BERDASARKAN PMK NO 74 TAHUN 2016 DI PUSKESMAS KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Fathnin Fildza Huwaina , Sulistiyaningrum Indriyati Hadi , Santoso Arifin , Kautsari Arina , Azzahroh Nida Fauziyah
Published: September 2023

Standar pelayanan kefarmasian adalah tolak ukur dalam melaksanakan pelayanan kefarmasian. Akibat dari pelaksanaan pelayanan kefarmasian yang tidak sesuai standar adalah medication error dan pemakaian obat yang tidak tepat guna, terdapat obat kadaluarsa serta tumpang tindih anggaran. Tujuan riset ini adalah mengetahui tingkat implementasi standar pengelolaan sediaan farmasi dan BMHP dan pelayanan farmasi klinik berdasarkan PMK No. 74 Tahun 2016 di Puskesmas Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 27 apoteker penanggung jawab di puskesmas yang berada di wilayah Kota Semarang sebagai responden. Responden melakukan pengisian kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan mengenai pelaksanaan standar pelayanan kefarmasian. Jawaban responden dari kuesioner diukur dengan skala Likert. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa standar pelayanan kefarmasian telah terimplementasikan dengan baik, untuk pengelolaan sediaan farmasi dan BMHP mendapatkan presentase 98,83% dan pelayanan farmasi klinik mendapatkan persentase 76,16 meskipun untuk MESO dan PTO masuk kategori cukup dan visite kategori kurang. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil yaitu standar pelayanan kefarmasian di Puskesmas Kota Semarang telah terlaksana sesuai PMK No 74 Tahun 2016 dengan persentase implementasi sebesar 86,49% yang mana termasuk dalam kategori baik.
Kata kunci : Implementasi; Standar; Pelayanan; Farmasis; Puskesmas
UJI AKTIVITAS HEPATOPROTEKTOR EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG TEMU HITAM (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) PADA MENCIT PUTIH (Mus musculus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI (CCl4)
Authors: Safitri Meta , Megawati Sefi , Aprilliani Arini , Febriyanti Anna
Published: September 2023

Rimpang temu hitam merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan suku Zingiberaceae. Kandungan senyawa rimpang temu hitam yaitu flavonoid, saponin, kuinon dan triterpenoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas hepatoprotektor ekstrak etanol 70% rimpang temu hitam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post test only control group design. Hewan uji yang digunakan yaitu mencit putih (Mus musculus L.) jantan galur deutch democrotic yokohama. Mencit putih dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, kelompok 1, 2 dan 3 sebagai kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol 70% rimpang temu hitam dengan dosis berturut-turut 9,8mg/20gBB, 12,6mg/20gBB dan 15,4mg/20gBB, kelompok 4 sebagai kontrol positif menggunakan Curcuma FCT 0,052mg/20gBB, kelompok 5 sebagai kontrol negatif dan kelompok 6 sebagai kontrol normal menggunakan CMC Na 1%. Mencit diadaptasi dan diberikan perlakuan selama 8 hari, pada hari ke-8 semua kelompok kecuali kelompok 6 diinjeksi CCl4 0,5 ml/KgBB. Setelah 24 jam, dilakukan pengambilan darah melalui sinus orbital lalu diukur kadar SGOT dan kadar SGPT. Hasil pengukuran kadar SGOT dan SGPT terjadi penurunan antar tiap kelompok perlakuan ekstrak. Penurunan tertinggi hingga terendah berturut-turut terjadi pada kelompok 3 (35,75;15,5 U/L), kelompok 2 (40,25;27 U/L) dan kelompok 1 (47,74;38,25 U/L). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji LSD Post Hoc, nilai signifikan kelompok 4 (kontrol positif) dengan kelompok 3 (ekstrak etanol 70% rimpang temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) dosis 15,4mg/20gBB) diperoleh sebesar P>0,05 yang artinya tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna, sehingga ekstrak etanol 70% rimpang temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) mempunyai aktivitas sebagai hepatoprotektor dengan dosis yang paling efektif 15,4mg/20gBB mencit.
Kata Kunci: Hepatoprotektor, Rimpang Temu Hitam, SGOT, SGPT
EFFECTIVENESS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY OF SUNGKAI LEAF (Peronema canescens Jack.) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON MALE RABBIT (Oryctolagus cuniculus)”
Authors: Versita Riana , Setiani Aknes Dewi
Published: September 2023

Sungkai leaves are medicinal plants used empirically by the people of Bengkulu, often found in the tropical rainforests of Bengkulu province. Sungkai leaf secondary metabolites include flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. Flavonoid compounds have hundreds of bioactivities including antipyretic, analgesic, antidiabetic, anticholesterol and anti-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to obtain a new drug that has effectiveness as an anti-inflammatory from ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) n male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) The study used an experimental method using male rabbits as experimental animals. The samples were divided into 5, namely negative control, positive control, and 2%, 4%, and 6% bioplacenton and sungkai leaf extract. Each group was subjected to 2nd degree burns.”Measurements were taken every day for 8 days after injury. The results of the study proved that there was a decrease in wound diameter from Sungkai leaf extract, on average at a concentration of 2% it decreased by 64% and at a concentration of 66% it decreased by an average of 13.3% and at a concentration of 6% it decreased by an average of 78,67%. Based on the statistical results of the analisis of variance test, there is a significant difference.
Keywords: Sungkai leaf extract, anti-inflammatory, Bioplacentone
A MINI REVIEW ON ZINGIBERACEAE FAMILY AS ANTIDIABETIC PLANTS: ACTIVE INGREDIENTS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTIONS
Authors: Ishmah Fatiya Zata , Sulaeman Agus
Published: September 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormalities in insulin secretion. Therapy using conventional anti-diabetic drugs is associated with serious side effects, and herbs to maintain chronic disease if conventional drugs not adequate. The purpose of this article review is to find out information about plants of the Zingiberaceae family that have anti-diabetic activity with the mechanism of action of ? -glucosidase enzyme inhibition, ? -amylase enzyme inhibition, and increased GLP-1 levels. The sources used consisted of 27 journals and reviewed 9 research journals originating from Google Scholar, Pubmed, NCBI, Elsevier, Science Direct with a span of under 10 years. The articles were then analyzed using the systematic literature review method, by collecting, evaluating, and developing research on a particular topic. From several studies conducted, the results showed that plants from the family that have antidiabetic activity include Zingiber officinale (ginger), Curcuma longa (turmeric rhizome), Curcuma aeruginosa (temu hitam), Curcuma zanthorrhiza (curcuma), Zingiber cassumunar (bangle), Kaempferia galanga (kencur), Alpinia galanga (lengkuas), Etlingera elatior (kecombrang, honje), and Elettaria cardamomum (kapulaga).
Keywords: Antidiabetic; Diabetes Mellitus;  Zingiberaceae
Future-proof: Monitoring the development, deployment, and impacts of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ho Anson
Published: September 2023

Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) pose a complex challenge for policymakers, who are tasked with regulating a technology which is poorly understood, highly multi-use, of potentially enormous economic impact, and which becomes more powerful at an extraordinary rate. In response to this challenge, this policy position paper outlines two recommended actions for national governments to monitor the AI supply chain: (1) Invest in infrastructure for monitoring the AI supply chain, and (2) establish key AI standards. This will allow policymakers to prepare for current technological challenges, as well as to have the infrastructure for unforeseen ones. Importantly, these recommendations are directly informed by technical research at the frontiers of AI and AI forecasting, to help policymakers make decisions that are robust to future technological changes.
Controlling For X: Export Controls and Emerging Technology Competition
Authors: Nesselrodt Ryan
Published: September 2023

The prevailing view in Washington is that the United States and China are in a fierce competition for control of critical technologies of the future. The Biden Administration’s October 2022 semiconductor export control rules target China’s ability to make or obtain the most advanced semiconductors – the foundational components of advanced technologies. It is best to understand the United States semiconductor export controls as a tool being wielded by the US government in a fight for global technological dominance, particularly in the realm of AI. This strategy represents a substantial assertion of extraterritorial power by the United States, increases the risk of catastrophic conflict between the United States and China, and has the potential to backfire by accelerating China’s domestic semiconductor industry development. The United States should consider easing elements of the semiconductor export controls in exchange for diplomatic concessions, such as greater bilateral military communication, and focus more attention on increasing domestic production of advanced semiconductor technologies by fast tracking expert visas and permitting for new semiconductor fabrication facilities.
A Theological and Pastoral Reflection on Candidature in the Context of the Methodist Church Ghana
Authors: Boaheng Isaac
Published: September 2023

The need for ministerial training has been debated for some time now. On the one hand is the view that when one receives ministerial gifts from God, the person is already equipped for ministry and does not need any formal training. On the other hand is the contention that having ministerial gifts alone does not make one ready for ministry; there is a need for formal training to prepare one for effective ministry. This paper argued for the necessity to formally train people for the ordained ministry using the Methodist Church Ghana as a case study. The paper examined selected aspects of the process of candidature into the ordained ministry and then demonstrated how each step prepares the candidate for ministerial efficiency. The paper used a literature-research approach to gather data from books, articles and dissertations/theses on the subject. The main finding was that the process of candidature in the Methodist Church Ghana involves series of stages, each of which is meant to scrutinize one’s call and/or to prepare the candidate adequately for ministry. The paper recommended that each individuals or groups who are part of the candidature process must be effective and unbiased in their scrutiny in order to ensure that only those who are truly called are accepted into the ministry. The paper contributes to scholarship on practical theology, specifically the area of pastoral ministry.

Keywords: Methodist Church Ghana, Call, Ministry, Candidature
“Nothing About Us Without Us.” The Storied Narratives of a Researcher with Hearing Impairment
Authors: Mokala Ntsoaki Teresa , Sefotho Maximus Monaheng
Published: September 2023

The motivation for this study was the realization that the mantra: “nothing about us without us” is indeed a strong foundation for a better understanding of the learning experiences of learners with a hearing impairment. Therefore, analysing the lived experiences of a learner as an insider is a point of departure for the current research paper. The emphasis was to conduct a qualitative research study anchored on an interpretivist paradigm. The study adopted Sen’s Capabilities Approach in framing the lenses through which to view the phenomena under evaluation. The study analysed a journal paper about the reflections of a Deaf researcher who attended a mainstream school. The findings of the study suggested that the narratives of learners with hearing impairment seem to give a better perspective of their learning experiences. As such, hearing their stories can be used as the basis for the evaluation of teaching strategies on the one hand; and education policies that address their unique and diverse learning needs on the other.

Keywords: Storied Narratives, Hearing Impairment, Special Educational Needs, Teaching Strategies, Content Analysis, South African Sign Language (SASL)
Potential risk resulting from the influence of static magnetic field upon living organisms. Numerically simulated effects of the static magnetic field upon model complex lipids
Authors: Ciesielski Wojciech , Kołoczek Henryk , Oszczęda Zdzisław , Oszczęda Wiktor , Soroka Jacek A. , Tomasik Piotr
Published: September 2023

Background: Recognising effects of static magnetic field (SMF) of varying flux density on flora and fauna is attempted. For this purpose, the influence of static magnetic field is studied for molecules of five complex lipids i.e. such as β-carotene, sphingosine, ceramide, cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine.

Methods: Computations of the effect of real SMF 0.0, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 AMFU (Arbitrary Magnetic Field Unit; here 1AMFU > 1000 T) flux density were performed in silico (computer vacuum), involving advanced computational methods.

Results: SMF polarises molecules depending on applied flux density. Only β-carotene survives exposure to SMF of 10 and 100 AMFU without radical splitting of some valence bonds. Molecules of remaining lipids suffered radical cleavage of some bonds on exposure to SMF of 10 and 100 AMFU. Manipulation with applied flux density provides either inhibition or stimulation of biological functions of the lipids under study.

Conclusions: SMF destabilises complex lipids to the extent depending applied flux density. Biological functions of β-carotene are fairly sensitive to SMF, whereas only slight response to the effect of SMF is observed in case of sphingosine, ceramide and cholesterol. Enzymatic hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine is stimulated by SMF regardless of the catalysed enzyme employed.
Does Economic Growth Increase CO2 Emissions in BRICS Countries?
Authors: Bharadwaj Esha Sunil , Mukherjee Pratik , Sivam Suvam , Kumar Ashish , Maiti Susobhan
Published: September 2023

Sustainability is an increasingly important issue in the modern world and an essential concept that is increasingly gaining importance in today's world. It refers to the responsible use of natural resources while ensuring that future generations can meet their needs. The impact of human activities on the environment is becoming more apparent, with climate change and biodiversity loss being some of the major challenges that we face today. Considering the foregoing discussion, the present study comprises two main objectives: firstly, to find out the relationship between economic growth, which is measured by the growth of GDP per capita and CO2 emissions per capita in the BRICS nations, and to find out unidirectional or bidirectional causality between carbon emissions and proxies of economic growth based on the data collected from the world development indicator for the period 1990 to 2022. The results suggest that a bi-directionally causality exists between carbon emissions per capita and economic growth per capita in the BRICS countries.
The Study on the Incidence of Breast feeding and Related Factors
Authors: Choi Snag Soon , Lee Eun Hee , Youn kyung Hee , Sim Bok Kyung , Choi Nam Hee
Published: September 2023

This descriptive study was done to investigate the proportion of mothers breast feeding and identify factors which influence breast feeding. The subjects were 320 mother who child under five years of age, living in WonJu and their children who numbered 530. Data collection was conducted at various places in the WonJu area using survey questionnaire.The results were as follows : 1. The proportion of children receiving breast feeding was 23.3%, mixed feeding 31.7%, milk feeding 45.1%. The most frequent duration for breast feeding was one month, the mean duration was six months.2. The major reasons for breast feeding were for the health of the child 52.5%, for emotional attachment with the child 34.2%, and as the expected way of feeding 29.5%.3. The major reasons for interrupting breast feeding were jobs 26.1%, illness of the child or mother 16.1% abnormality of the breast of nipple 12.7% others 31%.4. The major reasons for quitting breast feeding were insufficient breast milk 34.5%, job 19.6%, diarrhea in the child 9.9%.5. The factors influencing breast feeding were educational status and the presence of a job.6. The husband's attitude to breast feeding was very positive 82.3% and the subjects were supported by their mothers and husbands. But the major information sources about breast feeding were the mass media 30.4% and relatives 22.0%.7. The breast feeding mother reported experiencing positive and satisfactory feelings, but the milk feeding mother reported experiencing negative and guilt feelings. Also the breast feeding mothers perceived their children as very healthy with a stable emotional status.The results showed the breast feeding ratio in WonJu to be very low and problematic and the subject mothers strongly need information about breast feeding and support while breast feeding. Therefore it is recommended that an education program for community women and other people, like husbands, and grandmothers, be developed along with an education program for university students and other young people to provide them with preparatory information as they begin to think about marriage and families.
A Study on Self-Confidence and Satisfaction in Maternal Role Performance Among Primiparas
Authors: Chung Eun Soon , Han Myoung Eun
Published: September 2023

This study examined the correlation between of self-confidence and satisfaction in maternal role performance among primiparas. The subjects were 144 mothers, who were recruited from four general hospitals in Pusan. The data were collected from May 1. to August 31 in 1997. Self-confidence in ability to cope with tasks of motherhood and mother's satisfaction with motherhood and infant care were measured by the scales developed Lederman and associated(1981). Percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient were obtained by using SPSS program. The results of the study were summarized as follows, 1. The degree of self-confidence in maternal role performance was above average with a mean score of 2.60.2. The degree of satisfaction in the maternal role performance was above average with a mean score of 3.20.3. There were positive correlations between the degree of self-confidence and the degree of satisfaction in the maternal role performance(r=.3035, p<.001).In conclusion, since self-confidence in maternal role performance is positively related to maternal satisfaction in the role performance, nursing intervention to improve maternal role performance may lead mother's increased maternal self-confidence and satisfaction in maternal role performance. Futher research is needed to prove the causality.
Effects Of Exercise Training And Chlorogenic Acid Supplementation On Hepatic Lipid Metabolism In Prediabetes Mice
Authors: Shirkhani Samaneh , Marandi Sayyed Mohammad , Nasr-Esfahani Mohammad Hossein , Kim Seung Kyum
Published: September 2023

Background: Since prediabetes is a risk factor for metabolic syndromes, it is important to promote a healthy lifestyle to prevent prediabetes. This study aimed to determine the effects of green coffee (GC), chlorogenic acid (CGA) intake, and exercise training (EX) on hepatic lipid metabolism in prediabetes male C57BL/6 mice.Methods: Forty-nine mice were randomly divided into two groups feeding with a normal diet (n=7) or a high-fat diet (HFD, n=42) for 12 weeks. Then, HFD mice were further divided into six groups (n=7/group): control (pre-D), GC, CGA, EX, GC+EX, and CGA+EX. After additional 10 weeks under the same diet, plasma, and liver samples were obtained.Results: HFD-induced prediabetes conditions with increases in body weight, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles were alleviated in all treatment groups. Acsl3, a candidate gene identified through an in silico approach, was lowered in the pre-D group, while treatments partly restored it. HFD induced adverse alterations of de novo lipogenesis- and β oxidation-associated molecules in the liver. However, GC and CGA supplementation and EX reversed or ameliorated these changes. In most cases, GC or CGA supplementation combined with EX has no synergistic effect and the GC group had similar results to the CGA group.Conclusion: These findings suggest that regular exercise is an effective non-therapeutic approach for prediabetes, and CGA supplementation could be an alternative to partially mimic the beneficial effects of exercise on prediabetes.
A case series on tofacitinib-induced weight gain
Authors: Shah Kanisha , Shukla Dhaiwat , Patel Manish , Malhotra Supriya
Published: September 2023

Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib belongs to a group of targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, also known as small molecule inhibitors. They are oral drugs with a novel strategy to treat inflammatory diseases. The major concern with the use of these drugs is a high risk for infections and other potential side effects. Here, we have focused on reporting one of the rare side effects of tofacitinib, weight gain. We have reported six cases of tofacitinib-induced weight gain in patients of ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and vasculitis.
Protective effects of ginsenosides in cisplatin-induced kidney injury
Authors: Luo Xinyi , Xie Dengpiao , Chen Ziwei , Ji Qing
Published: September 2023

Although evidence suggests ginsenosides, the primary active and distinctive components of ginseng, have beneficial effects in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, their efficacy and protective mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the current meta-analysis is to study the effectiveness and mechanisms of ginsenosides in a model of nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin. Preclinical investigations were conducted in the search of various databases including Medline, Web of Science, Google, CNKI, Embase, and the Wanfang database. 12 studies with 216 animals were included in this review. Stata 15.0 and RevMan 5.3 were used for statistical analyses. The pooled results showed that ginsenosides significantly improved kidney function, and inhibited histological damage. The protective mechanism of ginsenosides is associated with its antioxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-autophagy. The results of our study indicate that ginsenosides have the potential to mitigate nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin through the modulation of various targets and pathways. Consequently, ginsenosides hold promise as therapeutic agents for the clinical management and prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Potential use of Balanophora latisepala (V. Tiegh.) Lec. extract for the treatment of diabetes
Authors: Hong Phuc Nguyen Trong , Yen Lan Nguyen Thi , Ay Nguyen Van
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Balanophora latisepala (BL) is a chlorophyll-free and obligate parasitic plant found across mountainous areas of An Giang, Vietnam. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of extracts from BL, herbs mentioned in many traditional medicines in the treatment of diabetes, on laboratory mice.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The effects of BL aqueous, methanol, and ethanol extracts on the blood glucose levels, hematological indices, liver enzymes, and pancreatic tissue structure of normal, glucose-tolerant mice, and diabetic mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ) were assessed. Mice were orally administered extracts at a concentration of 500 mg/kg.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The aqueous and ethanol extracts did not affect the blood glucose levels of healthy and glucose-tolerant mice (P > 0.05). The methanol extract reduced the blood glucose of healthy mice (P < 0.05) but did not affect the blood glucose of glucose-tolerant mice 3 h after administration (P > 0.05). When taking the methanol and ethanol extracts, the diabetic mice experienced a 45.67% and a 40.33% decrease in blood glucose levels after 21 days of research, respectively. Aqueous extract and gliclazide (10 mg/kg) showed no effect on reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic mice over the 21 days of the study. Both methanol and ethanol extracts were effective in regulating liver enzyme levels in diabetic mice. In both untreated and treated diabetic mice, pancreatic islet structures were degraded with the appearance of gaps resulting from β-cell degeneration.

CONCLUSION:

This implies that ethanol extracts have potential applications in regulating blood glucose levels.
Citicoline on the Barthel Index
Authors: Mahmoodkhani Mehdi , Aminmansour Bahram , Shafiei Mehdi , Hasas Mohammadreza , Tehrani Donya Sheibani
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a paramount factor in mortality and morbidity. The clinical trials conducted to investigate the efficacy of neuroprotective agents, such as citicoline, as a therapeutic alternative for TBI have presented divergent findings. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and compare citicoline's effect on the Barthel Index in patients with severe and moderate brain injury.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study is a randomized clinical trial. Patients in the case group (35 patients) were treated with citicoline and the control group (34 patients) received a placebo. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software.

RESULTS:

The results showed that changes in the Glasgow Coma Scale, changes in quadriceps muscle force score, Barthel Index score changes, achieving the status without intubation, and spontaneous breathing in patients treated with citicoline were not a statistically significant difference in the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Findings revealed that citicoline did not impact the recovery process of severe and moderate TBI patients.
Colistin versus polymyxin B
Authors: Simon Veneta , Viswam Aathira , Alexander Pallavi Sarah , James Emmanuel , Sudhindran S.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Our study aimed to evaluate the real-world data on renal and neurological adverse effects and effectiveness of colistimethate sodium (CMS) and polymyxin B (PMB).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

An observational prospective study was performed on inpatients receiving CMS and PMB for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. CMS dose was titrated to renal function, and serum creatinine was assessed daily. The incidence of nephrotoxicity, the primary outcome, was evaluated based on an increase in serum creatinine from baseline as well as by the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage renal disease criteria. Neurological adverse effects were assessed based on clinical signs and symptoms, and the causality and severity were assessed by the Naranjo scale and modified Hartwig–Siegel scale, respectively. The effectiveness of polymyxin therapy was ascertained by a composite of microbiological eradication of causative bacteria and achievement of clinical cure. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was also determined.

RESULTS:

Between CMS and PMB, the incidence of nephrotoxicity (59.3% vs. 55.6%, P = 0.653) or neurotoxicity (8.3% vs. 5.6%, P = 0.525) did not significantly differ. However, reversal of nephrotoxicity was significantly more with patients receiving CMS than PMB (48.4% vs. 23.3%, P = 0.021). Favorable clinical outcomes (67.6% vs. 37%, P < 0.001) and microbiological eradication of causative bacteria (73.1% vs. 46.3%, P = 0.001) were significantly more with CMS than PMB. Patients treated with CMS had lower all-cause mortality than those with PMB treatment (19.4% vs. 42.6%, P = 0.002).

CONCLUSION:

There is no significant difference in the incidence of renal and neurotoxic adverse effects between CMS and PMB when CMS is administered following renal dose modification. CMS shows better effectiveness and lower mortality compared to PMB.
Microbiological composition of sludge generated in water treatment plants
Authors: Leite Lady Daiane Pereira , Martins Isabela Maria , Rodgher Suzelei , Bardini Vivian Silveira dos Santos , Klinsky Luis Miguel Gutiérrez , Ito Cristiane Yumi Koga , Fiore Fabiana Alves
Published: September 2023

Studies that focus on the microbiological composition of water treatment plants (WTP) sludge, as well as its pathogenicity, are extremely necessary, especially with regard to environmental regulations, where the microbiological characterization of WTP waste can encourage new policies related to its management. In Brazil, few studies address WTP sludge, which, in general, is classified as non-hazardous and non-inert waste, with the microbiological characterization of this material being little explored. This case study performed the microbiological characterization of sludge samples from two WTPs located in the state of São Paulo, before and after the centrifugation process. The determination of microbial density and morphology, Gram staining, and the identification of the presence of total and thermotolerant coliforms were performed with samples produced in two different years, in WTPs that used different coagulants (liquid aluminum sulfate or polyaluminum chloride and ferric chloride). Results were evaluated along with the physicochemical analysis of the composition of this waste. The presence of microalgae and protozoa in non-centrifuged WTP sludge and the presence of total and thermotolerant coliforms in WTP sludge before and after centrifugation are among the main results of this study.

Keywords: beneficial use, microbiological composition, water treatment plant sludge.
Ligaments Laxity and Elongation at Injury in Flexed knees during
Lateral Impact Conditions
Authors: Benadi Sahar , Trosseille Xavier , Petit Philippe , Uriot Jérôme , Lafon Yoann , Beillas Philippe
Published: September 2023

The knee is one of the regions of interest for pedestrian safety assessment. Past
testing to study knee ligament injuries for pedestrian impact only included
knees in full extension and mostly focused on global responses. As the knee
flexion angle and the initial ligament laxity may affect the elongation at which
ligaments fail, the objectives of this study were (1) to design an experimental
protocol to assess the laxity of knee ligaments before measuring their
elongation at failure, (2) to apply it in paired knee tests at two flexion
angles (10 and 45 degrees). The laxity tests combined strain gauges to measure
bone strains near insertions that would result from ligament forces and a custom
machine to exercise the knee in all directions. Failure was assessed using a
four-point bending setup with additional degrees of freedom on the axial
rotation and displacement of the femur. A template was designed to ensure that
the two setups used the exact same starting position. The protocol was applied
to six pairs of knees which were tested until the failure of all ligaments. In
the laxity tests, a higher compliance of the knee was observed at 45 degrees
compared to 10 degrees. Minimum lengths associated with the beginning of bone
loading were also successfully identified for the collateral ligaments, but the
process was less successful for the cruciate ligaments. The failure tests
suggested increased elongation and length at failure for the ligaments and their
bundles at 45°. This could be consistent with the higher compliance in static
test, but the minimum lengths identified on the collaterals did not explain this
difference during failure. The results highlight the possible relationship
between position, laxity and elongation at failure in a lateral loading and
provide a dataset including 3D coordinates of insertions to continue the
investigation using a modelling approach. Perspectives are also outlined to
improve upon the laxity determination protocol.
Development of Compact Battery Cooling System with Smart Diagnosis & Troubleshooting Tool for Small Commercial Vehicle
Authors: Agalawe Kiran , Srivastava Sarvesh , Nagarhalli Prasanna V
Published: September 2023

Battery cooling system plays a vital role in all kind of Electric vehicles. For Indian applications where vehicles will be subjected to slower speeds due to heavy traffic, higher ambient conditions and excess loading pattern in commercial vehicles, designing a Battery cooling system (BCS) is a challenging task. There are various options for cooling of battery i.e. Natural air cooled, forced air cooled, indirect cooling. This paper discusses about indirect coolant based cooling of battery of a small commercial vehicle. Battery cooling system works on the principle of Indirect cooling with the combination of vapor compression cycle and water-coolant mixture path. R134a gas used for VCRS system and for cooling system used 50-50% water glycol coolant mixture. For this type of battery cooling system typically There are challenges of packaging of various battery cooling parts, hose routing, pipe bends which may result in de aeration issues. If these challenges are not addressed upfront in design phase it may result into Range issues or even thermal incidences.

To take care of above challenges there is a need for quick performance checks during development, at end of line (EOL), field, and service. This paper discusses about the Battery cooling system design and development of BCS with Smart Diagnosis & Troubleshooting unified diagnostic service tool (UDS) which helps for auto de-aeration confirmation and all functionality checks. This smart tool not only reduces our effort of coolant de-aeration, also helps in BCS function check during development, series production and in field.
Pierre Soulages resminde outrenoir (siyahötesi) kavramının teorik yapısı
Authors: Şahin Okan
Published: September 2023

Pierre Soulages, Avrupa resminde yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısı itibariyle etkinliği hissedilen bir sanatçıdır. 1950’li yıllarda soyut dışavurumculuğa yakın gelişen Paris kökenli taşizm (tachisme – lekecilik) akımı içerisinde ismi anılan sanatçının resim tarzı, taşizmin lirik soyutlamacı anlayışı içerisinde şekillenmiştir. Sanatçının siyahötesi olarak tanımladığı resimleri ise geç dönemi olarak kabul edilebilecek olan 1980’li yıllar itibariyle başlayıp 2000’li yılların ortalarına dek süren ve siyah renk kullanımının yoğunluklu olarak hissedildiği bir resimleme anlayışı içerisinde şekillenmiştir. Siyahötesilik, Soulages resmi içerisinde sadece biçimsel bir yöntemi tanımlamaz. Bu yaklaşım Soulages’ın siyahı merkezde olarak kurguladığı geç dönem resimlerinin teorik şemasını da ifade eder. Bu çalışma siyahötesi kavramının Soulages resminde sözü edilen teorik çerçevesini ortaya koymayı amaçlayarak, siyahın ontolojisini bahsedilen teorik çerçeve bağlamında ele almaktadır.
Kötülüğün sineması, yıkıcı bir sinema: Yeni aşırıcılık
Authors: Cantaş Azime , Koluaçık İhsan
Published: September 2023

Çağdaş toplumların eleştirel teorileri, büyük bir dönüşümün olduğu konusunda hemfikirdir. Ancak bu çağdaş geçiş, eleştirel olmayan kuramların çoğunda özgürleştirici bakış açılarıyla ele alınırken, eleştirel kuramlarda, sanat ve bilim alanlarını etkileyen toplumsal kriz olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Günümüzde modern sinemada, gerçekliğin sinemayla kendini onarmaya çalıştığı ve gerçekliğin yanlış bir izlenimini yarattığı, karakterlerin, konuların ortadan kaldırıldığı, yalnızca şiddetin aşırı temsillerinin sapkın yanılsamaları, şok edici ve kışkırtıcı bir şekilde bırakıldığı kurgusal bir evren sunulmaktadır. Bu makale, bu analizi bir başlangıç noktası alarak, dönüşümü, şiddet ve cinselliğin aşırı net temsillerini içeren büyüyen bir film grubunu tanımlamak için kullanılan bir terim olan yeni aşırıcılığın filmsel temsillerindeki sonuçlarına odaklanmaktadır. Şiddet, beden ve cinsellik temaları üzerinden mevcut yönetmenlerin, modern bireye ve modern egemenlik biçimlerine yönelik tabularına saldırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
Transavanguardia: Yeni dışavurumculuğun postmodern karakterine İtalyan bir yaklaşım
Authors: Şenel Elif
Published: September 2023

Modern kapsamlara karşı postmodern avangart niteliklerle şekillenen yeni resimsel arayışlar arasında yeni dışavurumculuk ve onun İtalya’daki tezahürü olan Transavanguardia öne çıkmıştır. Bu araştırmada Transavanguardia’yı yeni dışavurumcu postmodern öznitelikleriyle ele almak amaçlanmıştır. Amaç doğrultusunda postmodern dönem sanatında yeni resimsel arayışlar ile yeni dışavurumculuğun gelişimi izlenmiş; Transavanguardia’nın postmodern avangart nitelikler kapsamında yeni dışavurumcu bir perspektif olarak analizi yapılmış; trans-avangart sanatın öncülerinden Sandro Chia, Francesco Clemente ve Enzo Cucchi’nin sanatsal yaklaşımları ve konuyu örnekleyen eserleri analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma yöntemi kapsamında veriler doküman analizi yapılarak toplanmış, daha sonra konu ekseninde betimlenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda Transavanguardia’nın, yeni dışavurumcu tavrın postmodern avangart niteliklerini sıra dışı ve özgün bir perspektifle yansıttığı görülmüştür.
PREPARATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF MALASHODHANA
SYRUP AND SHUNTYADI SYRUP
Authors: Bhat Pooja , S J Nagaratna , - Chithralekha
Published: September 2023

Constipation in children is defined as a delay or difficulty in defecation present for two or more weeks and suffi-cient to cause significant distress to the child. When there is no underlying organic cause for constipation, then it is termed functional constipation. This is the cause of constipation in 95% of children. In the present scenario, it is more prevalent below the age of 15 years and about 0.7 % to 29.6% in childhood. The treatment modality in-cludes two main measures; they are Disimpaction and Maintenance therapy. PEG is the laxative of the first choice for both Disimpaction and Maintenance therapy. The long-term prognosis is moderative even if early therapeutic interventions are done.
Constipation can be correlated to Vibandha, explained in our classics. Vibandha as a separate disease entity is not mentioned in the Ayurveda classics. But the different presentations of Pureesha, like Baddha Pureesha, Ghana/Grathitha Pureesha, Vitgraha, Sushkapureesha, and Malavabaddhata, are found in Ayurvedic texts which can be taken as Vibandha. (Mentioning various lines of treatment & selection of the above trial drug) Malashodhana Kashaya, mentioned in Sahasrayoga Kashaya Prakarana and Shuntyadi Kashaya, mentioned in Bhavaprakasha, Jatharagni Vikaradhikara possesses properties that may help in the proper formation of Ma-las and breaks the obstruction & brings them downwards there by reliving the Vibandha. To make the trial drug more palatable and easy administration it will be made into syrup form. The present work aims at reporting the physicochemical evaluation of Shuntyadi syrup and Malashodhana syrup. Both formulations are standardized as per the physicochemical parameters of API. Since both the formulations are not standardized in API, we have attempted to standardize them, and it will serve for further research in the area of Ayurvedic formulation.
PHARMACEUTICO -ANALYTICAL STUDY OF RUDRA TAILA
Authors: Pareek Purva , Singh Divya , Prasad Sharma Rajendra
Published: September 2023

Sneha kalpana is one of the unique and commonly prescribed Ayurvedic dosage forms in day-to-day practice having increase potency, palatability, shelf life etc. Although varities of Snehas are described in Ayurvedic texts, the
most common amongst them are Taila & Ghrita kalpana. The research work entitled “A Pharmaceutico - Analytical Study of Rudra Taila and Its Clinical Efficacy on Vicharchika W.S.R. To Eczema.” was planned to
standardize as per the reference of Bhaishajya Ratnavali. the sample was analyzed based on Organoleptic Parameters, i.e., Appearance, Colour, Odour, Touch, etc. and Physico-chemical Parameters i.e., Foreign Matter, Specific
gravity, Saponification Value, Peroxide Value, Mineral oil Test, Viscosity, Total fatty Matter, Refractive Index,
Rancidity, Acid Value, Iodine Value. The findings for these parameters were found to be satisfactory for quality
assurance. Assay of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Hg), Total bacterial count and Total fungal count are under the
permissible limit depicted in the study. Specific pathogens and aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2) are absent in all samples. HPTLC is an important tool to generate the standardization parameter for quality control purposes. Sample
was analysed on different wavelengths 510 nm, 366 nm (Long) & 254 nm (Short). It confirmed 2 distinct spots at
510 nm, 5 distinct spots at 366 nm and 11 spots at 254 nm of Rudra Tail.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF RASNADI
GHRITA ON JANU SANDHIGATA VATA W.S.R. TO OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Sahu Neeraj , Kamath Shrilatha
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The objective of the study includes answers to the research questions or the hypothesis that is set. The
present study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Rasnadi ghritha in Janu sandhigata Vata/ Osteoarthritis—method: Interventional non-randomized open labelled single group study with pre-test and post test
design. Twenty patients diagnosed with Janu sandhigata Vata/osteoarthritis satisfying inclusion and exclusion
criteria were selected from OPD/IPD of S.D.M. Ayurveda Hospital, Udupi. The selected patients were administered Rasnadi Ghrita 24 ml on an empty stomach with lukewarm water at 8 A.M. once daily for the duration of 14
days. Statistical analysis was done using students paired 't-tests and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Result. The overall effect of the treatment in this study showed that 0% of the patients fell into minor and no improvement, 90%
into moderate improvement, and 10% into the marked improvement category. Conclusion: Rasnadi ghruta has
shown significant improvement in Janusandhigata Vata/osteoarthritis. The efficacy of the medication has been
proved with the statistical analysis of the parameters.