bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case Study on Performance Analysis through Digitalisation and Gender Equality
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, PETCU Monica Aureliana , POPESCU-PREDULESCU Raluca-Andreea ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, THEODORESCU Andreea ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

As the digital progress is significantly increasing, businesses must adjust and adopt the latest technologies in order to maintain their position in a competitive environment. Although digitalisation involves an important financial effort from companies, the benefits have proven to exceed the costs, contributing to the improvement of labor productivity and business growth. Nowadays, companies also strive to adjust their policies and business models in order to promote gender equality and comply with the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper aims to demonstrate the positive link between digitalisation, gender equality, and business performance on public companies worldwide. Current research uses the panel data regression method in order to analyse the relationship between total revenue, investment in software development, and board gender diversity. The results showed that businesses that engage in digital progress and promote gender diversity on the board of directors experience an improvement related to activity performance. The findings of this study can be used by employees in management positions in order to better understand the implications of digitalisation and gender equality in business processes and also the advantages of integrating them in the company’s long-term goals. Although many studies regarding the impact of these two areas of interest already exist, this paper adds to the literature by providing an overview of the combined effect of both dimensions regardless of the activity field.
The Trustworthiness of AI Algorithms and the Simulator Bias in Trading
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, STRAT Vasile ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

The application of AI technology is changing dramatically investment decisions in the financial and banking industry. Neural networks (NN) are a special type of machine learning algorithm employed in training trading robots. They might be associated with advanced analysis of the specific software simulators used fundamentally in algorithm training and testing to alleviate risk in the trading activities. Our research focuses on a couple of key aspects: a methodical literature review using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools, to delve into major themes directing to the efforts of understanding of the role of algorithms and NN in trading and investment banking. We discovered that these technologies play a major role in reducing risk and effectively taking up the mission of forecasting market fluctuations and evolving shortly in automatic trading strategies. The paper examines the possibility of harnessing simulation tools utilised in the capital investments markets for practicing and examining algorithms as well as methods for reducing biases and enhancing decision-making process. The discoveries have revealed that NN rules can be efficient in attaining patterns in historical data while forecasting stock prices precisely. In terms of large applicability, this research emphasises the requirement for countering emotional and cognitive behaviours that may impact trading results, and it exposes the most effective types of NN for designing trading algorithms. An algorithmic framework for improving biases innated in a financial banking trading activities is recommended, to improve impartiality, risk management, and trading execution.
Approach of Determining Process Maturity in Information Security Management Systems
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, NAUMANN Michael Matthias , PITZ Fabian ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, LAMPE Georg Sven ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, OLARU Stelian Mircea ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

The need in companies to be compliant with their business processes and to identify and minimise possible risks is an essential task today. Thus, the consideration of the process maturity for management systems of companies is an important approach to see immediately the status of processes as well as implemented requirements. By leveraging maturity levels, numbers and metrics provide a quick look at the overall condition and can be used to derive both measures and compliance with requirements. When looking at an information security management system (ISMS), there is a lack of a general process view and evaluation based on it, and thus also a holistic view beyond the detailed requirements and hard facts. The intention of the paper is to look at the status of existing, industry-specific maturity approaches for information security management systems and to analyse the possibilities for adaptation. Furthermore, based on the evaluation, a maturity model for the ISMS will be proposed to ensure key figures for the companies over time regarding the minimum requirements and certification conformity. A mapping to standards such as CMMI for the classification of the maturity level and the consideration of similar solutions and implementations will be considered. The paper is intended to show the possibility to use a concept to enable the calculation of a percentage maturity level for the representation of the information security level in the company and to make the resulting risks in information security visible. The results of this research show that the proposed approach for a unified method will help to report the maturity of information security management system processes in combination with conformity and security risk for the decision makers in companies.
Longitudinal Trends in Financial Metrics within Female-Led Software Firms
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, ȘIȘU Julia Anamaria , NĂSTASE Marian ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, TÎRNOVANU Andrei Constantin ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, OBREJA Mircea-Mihai ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, CIRAVEGNA MARTINS DA FONSECA Luis Miguel ,   Porto School of Engineering, Porto, Portugal
Published: September 2024

Investigating the domain of female leadership within the Romanian software industry, this analysis focuses on activities delineated by the NACE code 6201, pertaining to custom software development (client-oriented software). Several stringent selection criteria were applied. Most importantly, companies must have 100% female ownership and employ at least three people. Of the 26,108 firms operating under this code, only 2,067 have at least three employees. Of these, just 112 are totally owned by women – that is less than six percent of all firms. The research studies the ongoing trends in principal financial indicators among Romanian software companies led solely by females from 2019 to 2023. This paper looks into how many staff members there are against each company’s performance based on different metrics like profit or turnover which have been analysed systematically over time periods used for analysis so far, giving us a chance to find out if there is any significant relationship between the number of workers employed by different businesses and their respective gains made within specified durations also looking closely at comparative growth rates between profits earned versus sales revenue generated annually while taking into consideration average yearly turn over as well as profit growth changes observed during such period under review.
Destination Brand Equity of Cultural Destination: The Case of Hue City, Vietnam
Authors:   Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam, DOAN Khanh Hung , TRAN Dao Phu Loc ,   Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam, MONIR Maruf Mohammad Sirajum ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

Along with the development of tourism, the competition between tourist destinations is growing. Therefore, destinations must compete fiercely in many forms to survive and develop. Fierce competition among tourist destinations requires them to create competitive advantages over others. At this time, the destination brand is essential to help the destination achieve its development goals and ensure its position. Previous research has acknowledged the added value that brands bring to tourism destinations. However, research on destination brand equity must continue, especially for destinations with outstanding characteristics, such as cultural and heritage destinations. This article explores the factors that make up the brand equity of a cultural destination. From there, we can have a more specific view of the differences in evaluating destination brand equity. The research was carried out based on a survey of 251 tourists in Hue City, Vietnam, the cultural city of ASEAN. The results show that the dimensions of cultural property of the destination brand equity positively influence the structure of destination brand equity. The equity aspects of the cultural destination brand include the equity of the cultural destination brand, Positive associations about the cultural destination, quality of the cultural destination brand, and loyalty. Through this research, destination managers can identify the advantages of the cultural destination brand in Hue City and then have solutions to improve the equity of the destination brand there. The paper ends with a discussion of the results and implications of the study.
European Capitals of Smart Tourism – A New Direction in Tourism Research
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, GHEORGHE Georgica , CLINCU Mihaela ,   Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania, COROS Monica Maria ,   „Babes-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, TUDOSE-POP Iuliana ,   Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
Published: September 2024

Tourism is an important activity both globally and in the European Union (EU). Although the COVID-19 pandemic hit tourism hard, the sector was able to recover in a relatively short period of time. Smart tourism took a strong lead during the pandemic, demonstrating that it is responding to new challenges and adapting quickly to change. In 2018, the EU launched the smart tourism capital competition, encouraging cities to find new solutions to help attract more tourists and improve the quality of life of residents. The city designated as a smart tourism capital can benefit from some advantages from EU specialists, such as more intense promotion through different media channels in order to make the destination better known and thus attract more tourists. The aim of this paper is to investigate possible correlations between the number of tourists visiting cities designated as smart tourism capitals and the popularity gained as a result of acquiring this status. The paper presents quantitative research based on secondary sources. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested using SPSS software. The main results that could have implications for the field revealed that: 1) the attractiveness of a destination is determined by its cultural heritage tourism potential; 2) higher investments in research lead to an increase in the number of patents in the field of new technologies (including smart technologies) and to improving tourism activity in EU cities to attract more tourists, grow the local economy and better the quality of life of residents.
Professors versus Students: An Introductive Bibliometric Review of AI Acceptance in Higher Education's Specialisations of Tertiary Sector
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, POENARU Luciana-Floriana , POPESCU Delia ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, HORNOIU Remus-Ion ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, LANFRANCHI Giuseppe ,   University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Published: September 2024

The increasing development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has raised considerable interest in its application within educational environments, particularly in higher education. This study examines the dynamics of AI technology acceptance among service sector academia with the intent of delineating the critical determinants that influence its adoption and utilisation. Emphasising a comparative analysis, this investigation juxtaposes the perceptions of both students and professors. A systematic keyword search was implemented to evaluate pertinent studies encompassing these determinants, in conjunction with relevant theoretical constructs and academic fields. Although the existing literature offers substantial information on AI adoption factors within the service sector, a lacuna persists in understanding the variables and conceptual frameworks that characterise the acceptance of AI technology in higher education in the service sector. Identifying these drivers of adoption could be of great benefit to students, professors, but mostly to policy-makers who are poised to devise and execute strategic initiatives advocating for the seamless integration of AI into pedagogy, scholarly inquiry, and the broader academic field.
The Evolution of Female Leadership Research: A Bibliometric Review of Publications over the Past 20 Years
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, SĂSEANU Andreea Simona , ENE (CONSTANTIN) Andreea Bianca ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, GHINEA Claudiu Nicolae ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

Recently, there has been great interest in female leadership due to the forces of globalisation and evolving dynamics in leadership influence, even beyond formal authority structures. The objective of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of female leadership research from the past two decades, with the aim of discerning changing trends, patterns, and prominent themes in the literature. To accomplish this, we searched relevant databases and used bibliometric methods, including tracking publication trends, analysing authorship patterns, performing keyword analysis, and examining the distribution of papers in scholarly journals. This systematic approach was designed to bring together a comprehensive collection of publications on women's leadership. The findings reveal the evolution of female leadership research, highlighting shifts in theoretical frameworks, emerging topics, and influential authors. This research contributes to the existing literature by offering information on the trajectory of female leadership research and identifying areas for future exploration. It underscores the increasing recognition of gender diversity in organisational leadership and the significance of addressing gender disparities in leadership positions. The insights derived from this study can inform scholars, practitioners and policymakers seeking to advance gender equality in leadership roles. By identifying key themes and trends, this research provides valuable guidance for fostering inclusive leadership environments and promoting opportunities for women in leadership positions.
Generational Perspectives on Sustainable Consumption: Exploring Consumer Behaviour of Millennials and Generation Z
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, SAVIN Petre-Sorin , RUSU Georgiana ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, MIU Claudia-Maria ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, CIOCODEICĂ David-Florin ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, KASEM Esraa Ibrahim Fathy Twfik ,   Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
Published: September 2024

Consumerism has become a worldwide problem, impacting not only the economy but also the way we live. One of the major problems resulting from consumerism is global pollution, which obviously affects the environment and has serious consequences, including on people's health. It is essential to take sustainable measures and encourage waste reduction and the choice of eco-friendly products. The main objective of our research paper regarding the generational perspectives on sustainable consumption is to explore the consumer behaviour of two generational cohorts, Millennials and Generation Z, and to provide a general understanding of their attitudes, motivations, and behaviours in relation to environmental sustainability. First, we collected information from the specialised literature about the researched subject, after which we carried out quantitative research using the survey method. The results of the research helped us identify the impediments and challenges faced by Millennials and Generation Z in adopting sustainable practices related to consumption, as well as the factors that encourage them to engage in sustainable consumption. In the last part of our research, we presented some recommendations aimed at improving the culture of sustainable consumption within the Millennials and Generation Z cohorts. This paper contributes to the field by providing essential details about these two generations perspectives regarding sustainable consumption so that, especially companies, can tailor their products and marketing strategies to align with the values and preferences of Millennials and Generation Z, fostering a more sustainable future.
Student Attitudes towards the Circular Economy: A Comparison between Bulgaria and North Macedonia
Authors:   University of Ruse Angel Kanchev, Ruse, Bulgaria, TODOROVA Ana , KOSTADINOVA Irina ,   University of Ruse Angel Kanchev, Ruse, Bulgaria, STEVCEVSKA SRBINOSKA Dusica ,   University American College Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
Published: September 2024

The circular economy involves three main processes - waste reduction, resource reuse, and material recycling. This makes it a more sustainable alternative to the linear nature of today's aggressive production and consumption. The need to implement this model requires exploring the interest of younger people in their proactive involvement in the circular economy. The present study is based on a comparative analysis of surveys conducted in the period December 2022 - January 2023 among 204 students in various bachelor's and master's majors with a business focus from the University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev” - Bulgaria and University American College in Skopje - North Macedonia. The research was carried out within the framework of the international Erasmus project - Leaders of the Green Economy, investigating the knowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behaviour of students regarding the circular economy. The conclusions drawn show that students are largely aware of the concept and are motivated to engage in the transition to the circular economy. The presentation and implementation in the curricula of examples of companies that have successfully implemented the principles of the circular economy in their business and production processes could further encourage the participation of young people in these sustainable economic activities. The current study is anticipated to enhance curricula by boosting interest and commitment among future entrepreneurs. In this sense, the research enriches the existing practices and theoretical knowledge in the field of training in corporate social responsibility, economics, and management.
Particularities of the Public Procurement Contracts Concluded by Public Hospitals in Romania in the Pandemic Year 2021
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, NICA Elvira ,   National Institute for Economic Reasearch “Costin C. Kirițescu”, Bucharest, Romania,   Valahia University of Târgoviște, Târgoviște, Romania,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, KLIEŠTIK Tomáš ,   University of Zilina, Zilina, Slovak Republic
Published: September 2024

The article aims to analyse the public procurements in Romanian public sector hospitals in the pandemic year 2021, with the aim of identifying and analysing their particularities compared to the contracts concluded under normal conditions. The information used was extracted from the open data portal data.gov.ro and was processed with SPSS to identify the particularities that appeared in the case of public procurements carried out during the health crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic in the Romanian public sector, in order to identify possible solutions to be considered in the future, in the event of similar crises occurring in the future. Also, the article aims to analyse the possible correlations between various variables that were the basis for the awarding of public procurement contracts made by public hospitals in 2021.
Institutional Capacity – Provisional Results of Member States during 2014-2020 Programming Period
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, ȘTEFĂNESCU Mihaiela Simona , MONCEA Mădălina-Ioana ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

Institutional capacity building and enhancement are the main focus for projects under thematic objective 11 for the programming period 2014-2020 supported by financial instruments under the Cohesion Policy, thus contributing to the objectives of economic, social and territorial cohesion of Member States. According to studies, there is a growing importance of education and, as such, of investment in education, but also a need for strengthening the efficiency of public administration and need to invest in the latter as well so that, in cooperation with social partners, be able to face the increasingly challenging societal overcoming needs and barriers. Considering the disrupting factors present in the socioeconomic and territorial contexts determined by the armed conflicts, by the recent pandemic effects which all have a negative mark on all aspects of life, to which the constraints on the national public funding add, there is a growing need of intervention and of investment for institutional capacity building. In line with the aforementioned, the aim of the research team was to investigate the achievements of the interventions funded under thematic objective 11 for all the Member States that selected it and highlight both the progress and the opportunities available for Romanian context. As the results show, Romania has much to gain in the following years in terms of activities to be supported, but also in the magnitude of the interventions. Yet, results should also be put in the light of driving forces or factors that contributed to the achievements and also to what each Member State envisaged.
Transformative EU 27 Labour Markets: Assessing Opportunities, Risks and Trends
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, PAVELESCU Florin Marius , CISMAS Laura Mariana ,   West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania, DUMITRU Cornelia ,   Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

The labour markets are in a transformative period due to increased uncertainty and overall volatility. Moreover, they show a socially biased fingerprint affecting the social and economic policies at the EU 27 level. The unemployment rate by 6.0% in the spring of 2024 (Eurostat) indicates that the dynamics become more complex on the background of skill shortages increase. All member states display a mixed image regarding the digital economy potential, and several issues have to be addressed for avoiding employment traps, and social discontent in times of the cost-of-living crisis. The paper uses a mixed methods approach to capture relevant quantitative and qualitative data on the transformative EU 27 labour market, with emphasis on countries of Central and Eastern Europe. A rough DEMATEL Z-score method is used to characterize the main interactions and relevant impact factors. The findings show that policy makers and stakeholders need to (re)focus on education to ensure research development and innovation competitiveness, as ‘blue collar’ jobs are increasing. A new emergent “triptych” government-business sector-society is required for reducing persistent polarization and inequalities.
Quantitative Dimensions of Yield Curve Dynamics in Post-Pandemic Environment – The Case of Romania
Authors:   Tsenov Academy of Economics, Svishtov, Bulgaria, GANCHEV Alexander , DEATCU Cătălin ,   Artifex University of Bucharest
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research is to explore the characteristics in the dynamics of the Romanian government bond yield curve during the post-pandemic period and to reveal the related expectations for the development of the Romanian economy. Its results show that the Romanian government bond market begins the analysed period with clear positive expectations for the country's economic growth, but ends it with projections for short-term economic slowdown at a moderate reduction of inflation. The study also reveals that in the behaviour of the Romanian government bond market there are two distinct segments influenced by different economic factors – one in the maturity spectrum 6 months–1 year and the other in the maturity range between 2 and 10 years. The results from conducted principal component analysis show that the most important factor of the dynamics in the studied yield curve is inflation with a contribution of 88.16%, followed by economic growth and the type of the monetary policy with weights of 8.89% and 1.33% respectively. In turn, the direction of influence of these factors reveals that in the post-pandemic period, portfolios of Romanian government bonds with maturities between 2 and 10 years can be successfully hedged against interest rate risk even using duration-based techniques alone.
Supervised Learning Algorithms for Non-Life SCR Ratio Forecasting
Authors:   Institute for Economic Forecasting, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, ACATRINEI Marius , DAVIDESCU Adriana AnaMaria ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, BARANGA Laurentiu Paul ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, HAPAU Razvan Gabriel ,   West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania, CALIN George ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

The solvency is measured by the Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR). This study seeks to determine the best financial ratios to forecast SCR because it is significant. There is seasonality, data jumps, and shifts in insurance indicators, which make prediction of SCR difficult. Different machine learning algorithms are applied to the insurance market in this research to see how well they can describe and predict the SCR ratio. Gaussian process regression, ensemble methods, regression decision trees, stepwise regression, and neural networks were used as supervised learning techniques to find the most suitable method to predict SCR. According to our analysis of nonlife insurance data from Romania between 2016-2020, debt ratio, reserve adequacy, receivables, and liquidity are among the key indicators that should be considered when forecasting SCR. These findings can be useful for policymakers, regulators, actuaries, and professionals involved in risk management or the insurance industry.
Identifying Factors for the Development of Sustainable Urban Transport in the Context of Urban Sprawl – A Comparative Study among EU`s Capitals
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, GRĂDINARU Giani-Ionel , MARICUȚ Alin-Cristian ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, DINU Ana-Maria ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, BĂLĂUȚĂ Rareș ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

Sustainable urban transport is one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goal; 11 sustainable cities and communities. With the main purpose of sustainable urban development, the paper aims to identify related fields associated with sustainable urban transport and the principal factors that influence the development of sustainable transport in the urban environment. In order to achieve these objectives, in a first phase, a bibliometric analysis is carried out based on the theme of sustainable urban transport, then to achieve the second objective, a random forest algorithm is implemented at the level of the 27 capitals of the Member States of the European Union. The main results of the paper define the concept of sustainable urban transport from the perspective of noise pollution, transport policies, transport equity, urban planning, and the transport pattern of urban citizens.
Leveraging Digital Technologies for Sustainable and Inclusive Development Strategy in Leading Innovative Nations
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University, Kyiv, Ukraine, ANTONIUK Larysa , DAVYDENKO Yehor ,   Kyiv National Economic University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

The widespread implementation of digital technologies is considered a key prerequisite for increasing the sustainable competitiveness of national economies. Information and communication technologies not only offer economic restructuring potential but also provide new opportunities for all citizens in access to various services, including high-quality education and medicine. Consequently, such advancements contribute substantively to the implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and foster inclusive growth. This study aims to undertake a comprehensive analysis of both theoretical and practical frameworks concerning the implementation of sustainable development and to evaluate the potential of leveraging digital technologies to advance sustainable competitiveness. This study examines the link between digital inclusion and its long-term impact on global economic development. Systematisation of the relationship between digital transformation and sustainable competitiveness is carried out in the context of the impact of digital technologies on market dynamics and the distribution of sustainable competitive advantages between countries. The potential of digital transformation within a sustainable development framework can trigger significant economic transformations aimed at improving living standards and strengthening international competitiveness. The study's forecasting of the impact of sustainable competitiveness on economic growth underscores the need for national economies to adopt appropriate strategies for inclusive growth.
Analysis of Stock Indices during the SVB Bank Run in March 2023 based on Sentiment Analysis
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, BOZAGIU Andreea-Mădălina , ALLIATA Zorina ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

This paper examines the Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) bank run event on March 9, 2023, and seeks to contribute to the understanding of market dynamics during this crisis. The bank run was unique and chilling because of two factors: first, the event was amplified by widespread panic on Twitter following a message by Peter Thiel, a renowned technology entrepreneur; and second, the speed of withdrawals was unprecedented because of the power of social media and the technology that allowed quick reactions. In this paper, we start by examining the market volatility and the impact of the SVB crisis on key indices in the United States and Europe. Then, we analyse the Twitter activity and the corresponding sentiment that emerged throughout the event. Our data indicates that Twitter sentiment accurately mirrored the market's fluctuation and volatility. Moreover, employing readily available Large Language Models (LLMs) for sentiment analysis can potentially serve as an early indicator of market shifts and provide a cautionary signal in the event of a similar occurrence in the future.
Exploring the Dynamics of Junk Bonds and Green Bonds in Financial Markets
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, MECU Andra Nicoleta , CHIȚU Florentina ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, HURDUZEU Gheorghe ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

The focus on junk bonds, which have an inferior credit rating and are associated with more risk, and green bonds which are intended to fund ecologically beneficial projects, has increased in recent years. The dynamics of these two bonds and their effects on financial markets are examined in this article. This work investigates the formation mechanism and determining factors of these two bond types by a thorough comparison analysis. Furthermore, it examines the ways in which certain characteristic of each class of financial instrument impact the nominal values and prices of these bonds.
Understanding Consumer Behaviour in the Digital Era: A Literature Review
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, DRĂGHICI Diana E. , CONSTANTINESCU Mihaela ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

In the rapidly evolving digital age, it is crucial for marketers to understand consumer behaviour to develop effective strategies. This literature review explores the complex dynamics that shape consumer behaviour in the digital realm. Based on a comprehensive analysis of existing research, this article explores the key factors that influence the consumer decision-making process, including the impact of technology and artificial intelligence on personalised marketing strategies. Additionally, the role of trust, privacy concerns, and empowerment in shaping digital consumer behaviour is explored. The findings provide valuable insights for marketers seeking to adapt and thrive in an increasingly digital marketplace.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ БОХАЙСКИХ МОГИЛЬНИКОВ В КНР
Authors: Юймэн Хэ
Published: September 2024

The article summarizes the results of study of burial grounds and burials of Bohai state (698–926) located on the territory of China. Currently, more than twenty burial grounds and individual burials are known here, and in total about a thousand burials have been excavated. Most of Bohai burials are located in the valleys of four large rivers – the Second Songhua River, Mudanjiang River, Tumen River and Suifen River. Basing on the results of the work of Chinese researchers and structuring data on Bohai burials in accordance with the areas of their location, the author characterizes their local features and traces the process of their development in different eras.
БРОШЮРЫ КАК ФОРМА АГИТАЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ В ПЕРИОД ПЕРЕСЕЛЕНЧЕСКИХ КАМПАНИЙ В СССР ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ 1950-х – НАЧАЛЕ 1960-х гг.
Authors: ГЛУШКОВ Александр Владимирович , КОЗЛОВА Кристина Олеговна , ИСМАКАЕВА Илиана Дамировна
Published: September 2024

The resettlement program in the post-war USSR implied the creation of conditions for mass voluntary migration to the regions that were in dire need of labor. However, despite the benefits provided to migrants, their flow did not always satisfy the needs of collective farms, lumber camps and other enterprises. Under these conditions, the importance of propaganda work increased. The article attempts to identify the general and special in the representation of various regions of the USSR in the brochures issued in the second half of the 1950s – early 1960s and addressed to potential migrants.
Старинная немецкая песня в историко-культурном и переводческом аспектах (на примере баллады „Liebe ohne Stand“ из сборника А. фон Арнима и К. Брентано «Волшебный рог мальчика»)
Authors: Пивоварова Екатерина Владимировна
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of an old German song translation from German into Russian, which is relevant for modern linguistics. Aiming at an adequate poetic translation of the ballad “Liebe ohne Stand”, the author conducts a detailed pre-translation cultural and linguistic analysis of the original text. Using hermeneutical and comparative methods, as well as methods of structural and linguistic analysis, the author creates a basis for the further translation. As a result, a translation of the ballad with comments is presented, and the features of the poetic translation of a medieval song from German into Russian are established.
О киносериале «Трудно быть мужчиной», его герое и некоторых особенностях японской культурной традиции (новая редакция)
Authors: Дыбовский Александр Сергеевич
Published: September 2024

This article is an attempt to analyze the content of the longest Japanese movie series “It’s Tough Being a Man”. The fifty-episode film, spanning over 50 years, was directed by the distinguished Japanese filmmaker Yoji Yamada, who also wrote the screenplay for the series. The article examines the circumstances of the film creation, its compositional, genre, and conceptual features, as well as its connection to Japan’s social history and the development of Japanese cinema. Characteristics of the main characters of the film are provided, the reasons for the popularity of the movie series are explored, along with its cinematic language and style, and its relationship with American cinema and Japanese artistic tradition. The image of Kuruma Torajiro (the main character of the film) is compared with the image of Superman in American movies, as well as with the images of the Russian fool (including fairy-tale characters), and with the character of Prince Myshkin from Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot”. The author of this article concludes that Yoji Yamada’s work has become a significant cultural event of Japan in the last third of the 20th century and is still of great importance.
ESTIMACIJA RADIO KANALA NA OSNOVU PILOTSKIH SEKVENCI
Authors: Birmančević Aleksandar
Published: September 2024

Estimacija radio kanala u ovom radu vezana je za postupak procene sistemske funkcije korisničkih kanala. Procene su potpomognute Zadof-Ču pilotskim sekvencama koje se dodeljuju pojedinim korisnicima. Linearni Bajesov estimator procenjuje trenutno stanje kanala minimizovanjem svog rizika, gde je funkcija cene - srednja kvadratna greška. Estimator unosi grešku procene koja, kada je minimizovan Bajesov rizik, dostiže svoju minimalnu vrednost među svim linearnim/afinim estimatorima. Kvalitet procene kanala opisan je normalizovanim srednjim kvadratnim greškama.
ПРЕДИКЦИЈА КАШЊЕЊА АВИОНСКИХ ЛЕТОВА КОРИШЋЕЊЕМ АЛГОРИТАМА МАШИНСКОГ УЧЕЊА
Authors: Жерајић Катарина , Сливка Јелена
Published: September 2024

У овом раду се истражује проблем кашњења авионских летова. У развијенијим државама где кашњења авионских летова могу да представљају значајан финансијски губитак, постоје институције које се баве праћењем и анализом овог проблема. У циљу одређивања фактора који утичу на кашњење авионских летова, обучени су модели машинског учења. За предикцију су коришћени су подаци о летовима, авионима, аеродромима и временским условима у време лета. Кашњења су подељена у три класе: занемарљиво кашњење (до 15 минута),  мало кашњење (између 15 и 60 минута) и велико кашњење (преко 60 минута).
МОДЕЛ ВРЕМЕНСКЕ СЕРИЈЕ ЗА ПРЕДВИЂАЊЕ ЦЕНА AWS СПОТ ИНСТАНЦИ
Authors: Прањкић Милица , Сливка Јелена
Published: September 2024

Растућа потражња за рачунарским ресурсима подстакла је коришћење провајдера рачунарства у облаку. То је довело до развоја нове димензије у којој везе између употребе ресурса и трошкова морају бити разматране са организацијске перспективе. Као део своје EC2 (Elastic Copmute Cloud) услуге, Амазон је увео спот инстанце као јефтину јавну инфраструктуру која долази са ценом непоузданости услуге. Цена спот инстанци је кључни фактор у управљању трошковима и оптимизацији ресурса у рачунарству у облаку. Динамичко одређивање цена може закомпликовати процес планирања и алокације ресурса. Стога, тачна предикција цена спот инстанци може бити од велике користи за кориснике облака, омогућавајући им да максимално искористе своје ресурсе и минимизирају трошкове.
БЕЖИЧНИ ПРЕНОС ЕЛЕКТРИЧНЕ ЕНЕРГИЈЕ ЗА ПОТРЕБЕ ПУЊЕЊА ЛАКИХ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ ВОЗИЛА
Authors: Богдановић Мирослав , Рајс Владимир
Published: September 2024

У овом раду приказана је једна реализација система за бежични пренос енергије за потребе пуњења лаких електричних возила. Под лаким електричним возилима се сматрају сва возила која се користе за превоз мањег броја људи или мања транспортна возила. Најчешћи представници лаких електричних возила су путнички аутомобили и за њиџ је првенствено и дизајниран дати систем. Наведени систем омогућава пуњење батерија унутар возила без галванског споја између пуњача и возила. Ово резултује великом погодношћу приликом коришћења оваквог система јер је довољно само возило превести на одговарајуће место где се налази систем за пуњење. Систем користи резонантно идуктивно спрезање што је једна од метода за бежични пренос електричне енергије. Овај метод је препоручен за бежично пуњење лаких електричних аутомобила у стандарду који описује овај вид пуњења и по ком стандарду је и дизајниран цео систем. Управљање целим системом је базирано на развојном систему Микромедиа 7.
РАЗВОЈ МОДУЛА ЗА ИНТЕГРАЦИЈУ ПРОЦЕСОРА У КОНФИГУРАБИЛНОЈ HАLOWONE™ WI-FI IP ПЛАТФОРМИ
Authors: Радишић Душан
Published: September 2024

У овом раду је приказан развој wrapper-а процесора који обухвата и xТеnsа и RISC-V CV32E40P са акцентом на wrapper-у који обухвата CV32E40P. Рад описује све кораке потребне да би се овакав систем развио, од почетних истраживања архитектура и функционалности различитих процесора до интеграције процесорског wrapper-а у HaLowОne™ платформу.
МУЛТИМОДАЛНО ПРЕПОЗНАВАЊЕ ЕМОЦИЈА ПОМОЋУ КОМПРИМОВАНИХ ГРАФОВСКИХ НЕУРОНСКИХ МРЕЖА
Authors: Ђуркић Тијана
Published: September 2024

У раду је прво описан један алгоритам за препознавање емоција на основу звука, текста и видео записа, уз коришћење графовских неуронских мрежа. Потом су представљени резулта­ти примене компресије на модел, која је потребна како би се обимни модели могли користити и на мањим уређајима.
АНАЛИЗА ЕФЕКАТА СРЕДСТАВА ЗА УСПОРАВАЊЕ САОБРАЋАЈА
Authors: Милановић Милан , Богдановић Вук
Published: September 2024

У оквиру рада извршена је анализа ефеката примене опреме за успоравање саобраћаја на територији Инђије и Новог Сада. Измерене су брзине возила приликом преласка преко различитих типова успоривача саобраћаја. Те брзине су међусобно упоређене, а затим су упоређене са брзинама које су остварене на локацији фиксне радарске камере и на локацији где не постоји никакво средство за успоравање саобраћаја. Приказани су ефекти анализираних средтава и одабрно је најделотворније решење за успоравање саобраћаја.
Estimating the Toxicity of Radionuclides in Soil Stored in Drums in the Tuwaitha Area for Determining the Harmful Effects on Humans and Environment
Authors: Abd Saad M. , Al-Mashhadani Asia H. , Ahmed Naseer A. , Yas Rana M.
Published: September 2024

Radioactive waste management is a fundamental issue when using nuclear energy. Therefore, it is necessary to study the health and biological effects on human and environment that these radionuclides cause.  The aim of the present study is to estimate the radiotoxicity for radioactive waste in stocked soil in Al-Twaitha city.  The radiotoxicity was calculated for each radionuclide, present in the waste, using their dose factor due to ingestion, which is given by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) compendium.
For the purpose of calculating radiation toxicity, a scenario was built that 20% of the radioactivity during radioactive waste handling processes is in the form of dust that can be inhaled or entered through the mouth or eyes. Drums Characterization System (DCS) provided with portable HPGe hand-held radioisotope identifier was used for the characterization and identification of the radionuclides in the drums and the dose rate was measured by Ludlum radiation detector. The absorbed dose rate ranged from 134.904nGy h-1 to 788400 nGy.h-1, the internal hazard index  from 0 to 0.035, representative gamma index   from 0 to 0.068, representative alpha index (  from 0 to 0.017, excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) value ranged from 0.66× 10-6   to 3.86×10-3   and the range of AEDE from 0.19 mSv to 1103.76 mSv.
Determination of Excessive Lifetime Cancer Risk for Workers Exposed to Natural Radioactive Materials in Various Equipment in Oil and Gas Sector
Authors: Abd Saad M. , Naji Nesreen B. , Majeed Wasan Z. , Al-Mashhadani Asia H.
Published: September 2024

In the oil and gas sector of Basrah, natural radioactive materials are accumulated in various equipment like wellheads, pumps, and separation vessels, often manifested as scales, sludge, and other forms of waste. Without proper preventive measures, these accumulations pose significant risks to workers, the public, and the environment. This study aims to assess the lifelong cancer risks associated with production processes and the handling of resultant waste, be it scale sediments, sludge, or soil. Sample collection across different regions was based on the evaluation of production and storage facilities. Using a high-purity germanium detector (HPGe), activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured. These concentrations were then used with standard equations to determine indoor effective dose rates. The regional-weighted (the lifetime risk of cancer is a measure of the cumulative risk of cancer over a specific age range and has a clear, intuitive appear) average of the lifetime excessive cancer risk was varied between (0.40 to 0.11 ×10-3) for ELCRoutdoor, (3.13 to 0.86 ×10-3) for ELCRindoor and (0.97 to 3 ×10-3) for ELCRtotal, significantly surpassing the global average value of (0.29x10-3). This disparity underscores the heightened risk posed by these activities, emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced safety measures and regulatory oversight to safeguard human health and the environment.
FACTOR FOR CORRECTING THE RAINFALL OF CHIRPS SATELLITE DATA AGAINST OBSERVATION DATA ON THE CILIWUNG WATERSHED(CASE STUDY OF KEMAYORAN METEOROLOGI STATION)
Authors: Endah Kurniyaningrum  , Mutiara Difa Faluty  , Hegi Daniel Mulya  , Sih Andayani  , Dina Paramitha Anggraeni Hidayat  , Wahyu Sejati  , Hira Sattar
Published: September 2024

The hydrological and environmental cycles in a river area strongly affect rainfall intensity and seasonal patterns. To accurately assess water resource capacity, precise rainfall data from each observation station is crucial. However, unevenly distributed rain gauges often challenge researchers, as insufficient data can hinder their analysis. In these situations, satellite images can provide valuable additional information.Aims: The objective of this study was to analyze the accuracy of CHIRPS satellite rainfall data from observation stations in the Ciliwung watershed, especially in the DKI Jakarta Province area, over the last 30 years (1993–2022).Methodology and results: Statistical analysis such as multiple linear regression with the stepwise method is used to analyze CHIRPS rainfall against observed rainfall data according to the location of the rain station. The validation results in this study show that the average results of the two observation stations have a value of R2 = 0.91 and NSE = 0.9068.Conclusion, significance and impact study: CHIRPS data can be categorized as very good if used as an alternative to limited observational rainfall data, which can then be used in analyzing water availability in the Ciliwung watershed (Jakarta).