bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISA PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME TERHADAP SERAT/SERBUK KAYU MAHONI (SWIETENIA MAHOGONI) TERHADAP PENGUJIAN IMPAK MENGGUNAKAN CAIRAN NaOH BERMATRIK POLIESTER
Authors: Arief Saifullah
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK Pohon mahoni memiliki nama latin Swietenia Mahagoni ,Pohon mahoni tersebar tumbuh di pulau jawa,Sulawesi dan Kalimantan,Karna sering dipakai buat pembangunan rumah , bangunan tradisional dan furniture jd limbah serbuk kayu mahoni sangatlah melimpah, Serbuk gregaji adalah mutiran yang dihasilkan dari proses penggregajian. Serbuk serbuk gregaji ini dapat diperoleh dari beragam sumber, seperti limbah pertanian dan perkayuan. Jumlah serbuk geregaji yang dihasilkan dari eksploitasi/pemanenan dan pengolahan kayu bulat sangat banyak. Produksi total kayu geregaji Indonesia mencapai 2,6 juta m3 pertahun. Dengan asumsi sebanyak 1,4 juta m3 pertahun dan angka ini cukup besar karena mencapai sekitar separuh produksi kayu geregaji ( pari,dkk,2002). Balai Pelatihan hasil Hutan (BPHH) pada kilang penggregajian di Sumatra dan Kalimantan serta Perum perhutanan di jawa menunjukan bahwa rendamen rata-rata penggregajian adalah 45% sisanya, Maka dari itu saya selaku penulis berinisiatif untuk memanfaatkan limbah serbuk kayu mahoni tersebutuntuk menjadi bahan campuran material terbarukan. Dari hasil pengujian Impak yang saya lakukan fraksi volume   ,30 %,50 % dan 70 %. Perlakuan allkalisasi serat memakai NaOH 5% , 2 jam dan variasi volume 10% , 30%,  50%, 70%. Hasil pengujian impek didapatkan nilai kekutan tertinggi ada pada serat yang persentasenya 70% sebesar 0.059 J
ANALISIS TEGANGAN DAN OPTIMASI DESAIN ROD BUCKET CYLINDER CAT 320D MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE
Authors: Sidabutar Sadat NS
Published: November 2023

AbstrakTerdapat 3 bagian silinder hidrolik yang ada di unit excavator yaitu boom cylinder, arm cylinder, bucket cylinder memiliki resiko kerusakan yang tinggi dikarenakan konteks langsung dengan beban angkut. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui apakah tegangan dan improve yang dilakukan bisa meningkatkan kinerja dan safety of factor dari rod bucket cylinder dengan menggunakan aplikasi solidworks.  Dengan harapan mampu meningkatkan ketahanan bobot angkut yang semula sebesar 7 ton menjadi lebih. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah Pengumpulan informasi jurnal tentang analisa tegangan, menyiapkan data sketch komponen rod bucket berupa bentuk visual, dimensi ukuran, melakukan pembuatan rancangan/desain menggunakan solidworks, penyempurnaan desain rod bucket, melakukan ujicoba simulasi pada hasil desain menggunakan fitur-fitur dalam solidworks, mengumpulkan data hasil percobaan dan menyimpulkannya. Hasil simulasi yang telah dilakukan adalah rancangan rod bucket cylinder semula mampu mengangkat beban maksimal 7 ton. Setelah melakukan proses modifikasi rancangan desain maka hasil perancangan modifikasi mampu mengangkat beban 10ton dengan tegangan maksimal 5,023 x 107 N/m2, nilai maksimum pemindahan sebesar 9,905 x 10-3 mm, dan setelah proses simulasi mendapatkan hasil safety of factor yang minimum pada 10ton sebesar 2,208 x 103 dari 3 kali percobaan dengan variabel 5ton, 7 ton, dan 10 ton. Kata kunci : Bucket cylinder, Solidworks, Tegangan
Tipula (Pterelachisus) submitophora sp. nov., a new crane fly species (Diptera: Tipulidae) from South Korea
Authors: Yi D.-A. , Pilipenko V.E.
Published: November 2023

A new crane fly species from South Korea, Tipula (Pterelachisus) submitophora sp. nov. (Diptera: Tipulidae), is described and illustrated. The male and female of the most closely related species, T. (P.) mitophora Alexander, 1934, are redescribed and illustrated. In both species, males are full-winged and females are strongly brachypterous.
Ошибки в диагностике и лечении иммунозависимой патологии (оригинальная концепция)
Authors: Kazmirchuk V. E. , Tsaryk V. V. , Maltsev D. V. , Dyuseeva V. V. , Voytyuk T. V. , Sidorenko E. I. , Solon’ko I. I. , Pyankova A. V.
Published: November 2023

На підставі багаторічного досвіду в 2009 р. нами була розроблена оригінальна концепція підходу до лікування змішаної інфекційної патології у імуноскомпрометованих пацієнтів. Протягом 2,5 років (з 2013 по червень 2015 р.) до нас звернулося за консультативно-діагностичною допомогою 3965 пацієнтів, яким не був верифікований основний діагноз. Основним принципом верифікації патології було виключення різних причин імуносупресії. На підставі наших тривалих досліджень і спостережень найчастіше серед пацієнтів виявляли аскаридоз (55 %) і лямбліоз (65 %) як можливу причину імуносупресії. У 13 % встановлено кандидоз слизових оболонок. Серед часто і тривало хворіючих осіб у 40 % виявлені активні форми вірусу Епштейна – Барра (кількісна полімеразна ланцюгова реакція слини). Критерієм оцінки показників імунограми було їх зниження на два сигмальних відхилення від нижньої вікової межі. При дослідженні вмісту мієлопероксидази нейтрофільних гранулоцитів спостерігали зниження (< 60 %) у 99 (9,7 %) з 1015 обстежених, що вказує на досить часту причину тривалого інфекційного процесу в тканинах, а також персистенції C. albicans. При дослідженні субпопуляцій лімфоцитів найчастіше виявляли зниження кількості клітин натуральних кілерів (26,7 % осіб), що свідчить про зниження одного з найбільш важливих факторів вродженої резистентності. Серед гуморальних порушень імунітету найчастіше відзначали і зниження вмісту загального IgG (2,4 %) і його підкласу IgG1 (22,1 %), що вказує на важливу діагностичну цінність визначення підкласів IgG навіть при нормальному його загальному сироватковому рівні. Таким чином, приблизно у 76 % часто хворіючих пацієнтів встановлено зниження тієї чи іншої ланки імунітету. В імуноскопрометованих пацієнтів розвиваються мікст-інфекції, викликані різними бактеріальними, грибковими, вірусними і протозойними агентами і гельмінтами. Імунологічне дослідження хворого слід проводити повторно в динаміці після виключення причин імуносупресії і санації вогнищ інфекції. Тільки багаторівневе обстеження хворого дозволить встановити остаточний діагноз і призначити адекватне лікування.
Вплив стандартної комплексної дворічної терапії на досягнення цільового рівня артеріального тиску та регрес ступенів ремоделювання лівого шлуночка у хворих після перенесеного інфаркту міокарда з коморбідною артеріальною гіпертензією
Authors: Denesіuk O. V.
Published: November 2023

Обстежено 23 хворих після перенесеного інфаркту міокарда (ІМ) з коморбідною артеріальною гіпертензією (АГ). Середній вік хворих становив 56,7 року. Повторний ІМ визначали у 38,4 %, серцеву недостатність І–ІІІ функціональних класів – у 100 %. Хворим проводили загальноклінічне обстеження, ЕКГ, ехоКГ та вивчали ліпідний спектр крові. Стандартне комплексне лікування протягом двох років включало інгібітор ангіотензинперетворюючого ферменту периндоприл по 5–10 мг/доба, β-адреноблокатор бісопролол по 5–10 мг/доба, протисклеротичний препарат аторвастатин по 20 мг/доба та ацетилсаліцилову кислоту по 75 мг/доба. В обстежених хворих після проведеного лікування визначали поступове досягнення цільового рівня артеріального тиску (АТ) через 3, 6, 12 та 24 міс. Концентричну гіпертрофію лівого шлуночка (ГЛШ) до лікування виявлено у 47,8 %, ексцентричну – у 52,2 % хворих. При вивченні ступеня ГЛШ І (початковий) до лікування визначали у 4,3 %, ІІ (помірний) – у 26,1 %, ІІІ (значний) – у 69,6 %, що свідчить про розвиток ремоделювання серця. Після проведеного лікування виявлено виражене зменшення ІІІ (значний) ступеня і перехід його в ІІ (помірний) та І (початковий) ступінь ГЛШ за рахунок більш та менш виражених змін ремоделювання ЛШ. Отримані дані дають змогу більш детально і адекватно оцінити структурно-функціональні зміни в міокарді і визначити регрес ГЛШ на фоні досягнення цільового рівня АТ, що має важливе значення в практичній кардіології.
Рівень остеокальцину та піридиноліну у хворих на системний червоний вовчак: зв’язок із структурно-функціональним станом кісткової тканини та перебігом захворювання
Authors: Shevchuk S. V. , Denyschych L. P.
Published: November 2023

Наведено дані про рівень остеокальцину та піридиноліну у хворих на системний червоний вовчак (СЧВ), їх зіставлення із структурно-функціональним станом кісткової тканини та перебігом захворювання. Порушення метаболізму кісткової тканини виявлено у 65,8 % жінок, хворих на СЧВ. При цьому підвищення вмісту піридиноліну відмічено у 43,9 % хворих, зниження рівня остеокальцину – у 39 %. Погіршення метаболічного стану кісткової тканини асоціювалось з тяжкістю перебігу захворювання, особливо високим рівнем С-реактивного білка та інтерлейкіну-6 (r = 0,3–0,32), сумарною дозою глюкокортикоїдів і низьким індексом маси тіла. В групі хворих з ознаками пригнічення біосинтетичних та посиленням деструктивних процесів у кістковій тканині достовірно частіше виявляли осіб з остеопенією та остеопорозом.
Вплив комбінації сучасних препаратів нуклеїнату та алфагіну на концентрацію циркулюючих імунних комплексів та їхній молекулярний склад у сироватці крові хворих із синдромом подразнених кишок на фоні нейроциркуляторної дистонії...
Authors: Krivulya I. G. , Teryoshin V. O. , Sotska Ya. A.
Published: November 2023

Вивчено вплив комбінації нуклеїнату та алфагіну в комплексі медичної реабілітації на рівень циркулюючих імунних комплексів (ЦІК) у сироватці крові хворих та їхній молекулярний склад при синдромі подразненого кишечника (СПК) на фоні нейроциркуляторної дистонії (НЦД). Встановлено, що застосування комбінації нуклеїнату та алфагіну в медичній реабілітації хворих з даною коморбідною патологією сприяє нормалізації загальної концентрації ЦІК та їхнього молекулярного складу; це свідчить про патогенетичну обґрунтованість застосування даної комбінації фітозасобів у комплексі медичної реабілітації хворих із СПК на фоні НЦД.
Изменение физиологических свойств ротовой жидкости при ожирении
Authors: Kulish A. S. , Ievsiukova E. V.
Published: November 2023

Дослідження гомеостазу ротової рідини є цінним неінвазивним методом діагностики загального стану організму, а також початкових стадій патологічних процесів у тканинах порожнини рота. У статті наведено результати дослідження змін фізіологічних властивостей ротової рідини (рН, швидкість слиновиділення, в'язкість) при ожирінні.
St. Maximus the Greek (Mihail Trivolis, Arta, ca. 1470–Maksim Grek, Moscow, 1556): The Insight into His Personal Euchology
Authors: Zajc Neza
Published: November 2023

This text establishes a datum for claims that Maximus the Greek’s life-work was to protect and preserve ancient precepts for a personal devotional “space” against statist and imperial imprimatur. This task was accomplished through both his work as translator and as author of sacred devotional texts and hymns associated with Byzantine hymnography and the Eastern Orthodox Christian tradition. Notably, it is his inner veneration of the Holy Theotokos that marks the primary sensibility of the defence of this intense, inwardly-focused faith in direct communion with the Divine. Maxim’s defence of the Eastern Orthodox Christian tradition was accomplished by the special guidance of the Holy Spirit as his personal internal principle that he used not only in the prayer (hesychastic, ascetical) and in the theological works (hagiographical, liturgical), but also in the philological works (of editing, translating, redacting), and especially in the exegetical texts.

Therefore, the strong Byzantine patristic and monastic thought as the basis of his contemplative practice, formed in the years spent at the Holy Mount Athos, were only one of the one of the important sources of his original Orthodox theology.

Into detailed consideration are taken especially his prayers. Among them, the most important place is reserved for “The Kanon to the Holy and Divine Spirit Parakletos,” which reflects several possible influences, such as the Akathystos hymn, the Great Kanon, and the individual canon as was St. Constantin’s Kanon to St. Demetrius, all of which confirm the very archaic Byzantine and Slavonic sources that properly could serve Maxim for his Old Church Slavonic linguistic basis. Thus, his prayer is a highly original, monastic and deeply personal work that bears witness to his ascetic (hesychastic) practice. All of this tends to confirm that his grammatical and linguistic view of the Old Church Slavonic language was shaped well before his entrance to Muscovite Russia, and that not only was he unjustly accused of heretical mistakes, and thereby imprisoned, but he was, more importantly, completely misunderstood. Nevertheless, and despite his suffering, Maxim was, until the end of his life, arguing that his use of Slavonic language was guarded and, therefore, sacred.
MISSION OF THE THESSALONIKI BROTHERS AS THE EXAMPLE OF THE INCULTURATION OF THE CHRISTIAN FAITH IN THE TEACHING OF JOHN PAUL II
Authors: Bujak Janusz
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the article is to show the teaching of St. John Paul II on the Thessaloniki Brothers and their missionary ministry in the dimension of faith inculturation. Constantine (826–869) and Michael (c. 815–885), i.e. Saints Cyril and Methodius – were brothers who came from Thessaloniki, Greece, and are figures who still continue to arouse a great interest because of their contribution to the evangelization of some Slavic people and their cultural development through the creation of the alphabet, a written language in which they were able to learn about the Christian faith and the heritage of ancient Greece and Byzantium. The two Brothers are revered by both Orthodox Christians and Catholics because of their missionary ministry. It was carried out in unity with both the Patriarchate of Constantinople, which they belonged to, and Rome, as the popes gave their blessing and support to their ministry and the methods they used to preach the Gospel to the Slavs. Saint John Paul II, from the beginning of his pontificate, referred to the figures of Cyril and Methodius, emphasizing their ability to adapt their mission work to the mentality of the Slavs. He also declared them co-patrons of Europe that should breathe with „two lungs” – the western and eastern.The article is divided into three parts. In the first part, we learn about the historical background of their missionary expeditions. The second part presents the development of Cyrillo-Methodian thought in the teaching of John Paul II. The final part includes the Slavic Pope’s statements on the merits of the Holy Brothers for the spread of the Gospel among the Slavs and for the development of their culture.
DZIEDZICTWO CYRYLA I METODEGO JAKO FUNDAMENT KOMUNIKACJI MIĘDZYKULTUROWEJ
Authors: Shimko Olena
Published: November 2023

Artykuł jest kontynuacją studiów autorki nad powstaniem i rozprzestrzenianiem się tradycji bibliograficznej wśród Słowian. Autorka poddała analizie ideę stworzenia i rozpo-wszechnienia wspólnego języka kulturowego Słowian, który istniał od dawna, począwszy od morawskiej misji Cyryla i Metodego. Ponadto rozwija tezę, że język stworzony przez braci z Tesaloniki na potrzeby kultu od samego początku stał się czynnikiem silnie jednoczącym narodowościowo – swego rodzaju filozofią słowiańskiej jedności. Historia rozprzestrzeniania się tradycji Cyryla i Metodego wśród Słowian zachodnich, południowych i wschodnich została ukazana w kontekście idei wspólnego języka kulturowego.
DIE WEGE DER VEREHRUNGSTRADITION DER THESSALONISCHEN BRÜDER KYRILL UND METHOD IM ZUSAMMENHANG MIT DER FRÜHEN GESCHICHTE DER SLOWAKEI
Authors: Botek Andrej
Published: November 2023

Die Thessalonischen Brüder – die heiligen Kyrill und Method- haben sich unauslöschbar in die Religions – und Kulturgeschichte mehrerer slawischer Völker eingetragen. Ihr Werk, wenn auch seinerzeit von verschiedenen Kontroversen und Feindschaften begleitet, hat bis in die heutige Zeit überlebt und ihr Vermächtnis wird von allen slawischen Völkern verehrt. Der aus Polen stammende Papst Johannes Paul II. erklärte die heiligen Kyrill und Method zu Mitbeschützern Europas, neben dem heiligen Benedikt und anlässlich des hundertjährigen Jubiläums der Enzyklika Grande munus von Leo XIII. hat er ihnen eine eigene Enzyklika Slavorum apostoli gewidmet (Lubańska, 2013, S. 587). Ihre wichtige gesellschaftliche Bedeutung wird auch durch die Erwähnung ihres geistlichen Erbes in der Präambel der Verfassung der Slowakischen Republik (die am 1. September 1992 angenommen wurde) deklariert. In diesem Artikel soll nicht nur die Größe des Werkes dargestellt werden, welches die heiligen Kyrill und Method uns überlassen haben; es sollen desgleichen die Widrigkeiten, welche zum einen die Thessalonischen Brüder persönlich, zum anderen auch ihr mühevolles missionarisches Werk begleitet haben, dargestellt werden, und auch von der Verehrung die Rede sein, die diesen beiden herausragenden Persönlichkeiten kurz nach ihrem Tod erwiesen wurde. Der vorliegende Beitrag möchte nicht die vielschichtige Bedeutung des Wirkens von Kyrill und Method widerspiegeln, da dieses Thema bereits mehrfach ausführlich beschrieben wurde. In diesem Artikel soll über die Verehrung nachgedacht werden, die den Thessalonischen Brüdern in der frühesten Zeit in der Slowakei hätte zuteilwerden können.
CYRIL AND METHODIUS AS PRECURSORS OF THE ‘RUS’ WORLD’: THE IMAGE OF THE SOLUN BROTHERS AND RUSSIAN IMPERIALISM
Authors: Składanowski Marcin
Published: November 2023

This article analyses the recent Russian Orthodox discourse on the Solun Brothers. This analysis shows, on the one hand, that the politicised interpretation of the mission of Cyril and Methodius is not a recent ideological innovation, but appeals to the same motives that made their cult popular in 19th-century Russian Orthodoxy. On the other hand, the reinterpretation of the meaning of their mission that is currently taking place is acquiring additional political objectives harmonised with those of Russian state ideology, as well as cultural and foreign policy, especially in relation to the post-Soviet area. At the same time, however, the religious significance of Cyril and Methodius is almost disappearing from church discourse and theological reflection. A common element of Russian discourse on the Solun Brothers, in both the 19th and 21st centuries, is ahistoricity, understood as a complete disconnection from the actual historical context in which Cyril and Methodius lived and worked .
GREAT MUSICAL FORMS DEDICATED TO SAINTS CYRIL AND METHODIUS
Authors: Towarek Piotr
Published: November 2023

This article takes a closer look at the great musical forms dedicated to Saints Cyril and Methodius. These are mainly liturgical compositions related to the worship of the two saints. This group includes a medieval Mass propria (e.g. Parchment Missal no. 212 of the Cracow Chapter) and the Baroque-Classical Mass by Michael Haydn (1758). In the 19th century, the repertoire was expanded to include cantatas (Křížkovsky, Surzyński, Dinew) and hymns (Liszt, Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Pipkov), which are linked to the process of national awakening of Czechs, Slovaks, Croats and Bulgarians. The 19th and 20th centuries also saw the creation of numerous arrangements of the Ordinarium Missae in Glagolitic. These include Leoš Janáček’s monumental “Glagolská mše” (1926) and related works by Czech and Croatian composers (Říchovski, Foerster, Kožušníček, Douša, Janda, Kozinović, Novak, Sokol, Hanuš, Láník). This collection is enriched by stage works: the opera of Zhivka Klinkova (1981/2021) and oratorios and cantatas from the 20th and 21st centuries (Dinew, Širola, Krška, Andrašovan, Tučapský, Procházka, Krák). These works are based on Glagolitic liturgical tests and poetry and prose related to the upsurge of national thought in the 19th century. They show Sts Cyril and Methodius not only as preachers of the Gospel and missionaries to the Slavic peoples but also as teachers of culture, dialogue and reconciliation, and above all, as founders of the foundations of Slavic national identity. The article presented here contributes to the current theological reflection in the field of aspectual hagiology.
TEORIA DIALOGU EKUMENICZNEGO O ZAGADNIENIACH MORALNYCH W PRACACH KOMISJI „WIARA I USTRÓJ” ŚWIATOWEJ RADY KOŚCIOŁÓW
Authors: Kopiec Piotr
Published: November 2023

Różnice w nauczaniu moralnym przyczyniają się do pogłębienia podziałów między chrześcijanami. Konflikty etyczno-moralne dzielą dzisiaj bardziej niż różnice doktrynalne. Obser­wacje ekumenistów, zwracające uwagę na wewnątrzchrześcijański rozdźwięk w nauczaniu moral­nym, od lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX w. coraz bardziej prowokują do formułowania systematycznej refleksji ekumenicznej nad tym zjawiskiem. Do najważniejszych przykładów należy grupa studyjna Komisji „Wiara i Ustrój”, która od 2006 r. prowadzi studia nad przyczynami różnic w nauczaniu etyczno-moralnym i dąży do sformułowania teoretycznych podstaw dialogu ekumenicznego nad zagadnieniami etycznymi. W efekcie prac Komisja opublikowała serię dokumentów dotyczących rozeznania moralnego w Kościołach. Autor zaprezentował w artykule rezultat badań grupy studyj­nej Komisji „Wiara i Ustrój”, koncentrując się na wypracowanych przez nią dwóch ważnych ele­mentach teorii ekumenicznego dialogu nad zagadnieniami moralnymi: źródłach rozeznania moral­nego Kościołów oraz głównych czynnikach różnic w nauczaniu moralnym Kościołów. Prezentację osadził w szerokim kontekście trudności ekumenicznych wywołanych różnymi odpowiedziami na kwestie etyczne. Do osiągnięcia zadeklarowanego celu prowadzi kontekstowa analiza dokumentów będących najważniejszym rezultatem piętnastoletnich prac grupy. Należy zaznaczyć, że obecnie dokonuje się ich recepcja w poszczególnych Kościołach, stąd też przedstawione propozycje mają potencjał kształtowania nowych okoliczności dialogu ekumenicznego.
ROLE OF THE TRADITIONS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF WARMIA IN TEACHING RELIGION AT SCHOOL
Authors: Bielinowicz Adam
Published: November 2023

Bringing back the Warmian traditions and care for the cultural heritage contributes to cultivating and propagating regional awareness among the contemporary citizens of Warmia. The purpose of the article entitled “Role of the traditions and cultural heritage of Warmia in teaching religion at school” is to present the results of the research, to which the textbooks used to teach reli­gion in the Warmian Archdiocese were subjected. The conclusions based on the analysis indicate the role of the tradition and cultural heritage of Warmia in teaching religion at school. Moreover, some suggestions were made concerning subsequent editions of the textbooks used in Warmia. While editing the text, methods of analysis and synthesis were used.
KSIĄDZ PROFESOR MARIAN BORZYSZKOWSKI O DE REVOLUTIONIBUS MIKOŁAJA KOPERNIKA
Authors: Parzych-Blakiewicz Katarzyna
Published: November 2023

W archiwach oraz publikacjach naukowych środowiska warmińskiego można znaleźć wiele materiałów dotyczących osoby i dzieła Mikołaja Koperni­ka. Wśród nich są opracowania ks. prof. Mariana Borzyszkowskiego (1935-2001), znawcy źródeł średniowiecznej teologii i filozofii. Ksiądz Profesor był, podobnie jak Mikołaj Kopernik, członkiem Kapituły Warmińskiej z siedzibą we Fromborku. W dorobku Księdza Profesora obejmującym 159 opublikowanych opracowań (monografie, artykuły, recenzje i sprawozdania) znajduje się 15 (w tym 12 na łamach rocznika „Studia Warmińskie”) tekstów, będących artykułami recen­zyjnymi i naukowymi, w których jest podjęta tematyka dotycząca najsławniej­szego Kanonika Warmińskiego. W publikacji znajduje się niemieckojęzyczna wersja tekstu autorstwa ks. prof. Mariana Borzyszkowskiego, pt. „Kirche und De revolutionibus Nikolaus Kopernikus”, powstały z okazji obchodów 500-lecia urodzin Mikoła­ja Kopernika i wygłoszony w Elblągu, w kościele św. Mikołaja, 16 września 1973 r.
ZIEMIE PRUSKIE I ICH SPOŁECZEŃSTWO W NARRACJI KRONIKARSKIEJ KS. JANA LEO (1562–1635)
Authors: Kurasz Katarzyna
Published: November 2023

Historia Prussiae autorstwa Jana Leo stanowi znakomity przyczynek do poznania dawnej historii Prus. Jest to pierwsza kronika warmińska o wyraźnie propolskiej narracji potępiającej Krzyżaków za ich tyranię stosowaną wobec poddanych. Jest to szczególnie widoczne w księdze trzeciej, czwartej i piątej. Kronika ta nie zalicza się do najwybitniejszych osiągnięć dziejopisarstwa pru­skiego. Jest to dzieło o tendencyjnym i subiektywnym charakterze, zwłaszcza w kwestiach religijnych i politycznych. Nie brakuje tu również treści zrośniętych z ówczesnymi legendami i przesądami. Mimo to nie można odmówić kronice waloru historycznego. W większości dzieło to traktuje o ważnych dla historii Prus wydarzeniach politycznych i konfesyjnych. Jednak największa wartość kroniki zawiera się w uzupełniających główną narrację ciekawostkach i odau­torskich komentarzach. Walki polsko-krzyżackie, przebieg bitwy pod Grunwal­dem, wojna trzynastoletnia czy wojny z lat 1519–1526 są powszechnie znane i przebadane, ponieważ wydarzenia te wpisują się w dzieje całej Rzeczypospo­litej. Natomiast omówione przez ks. Leo zarazy, różne zjawiska pogodowe oraz rzekome liczne cuda doskonale ukazują mentalność ówczesnych ludzi zamiesz­kujących teren Prus oraz specyfikę tego regionu. Jan Leo dużo uwagi poświęcił także kwestiom religijnym, a zwłaszcza w księdze siódmej reformacji, która zmieniła całkowicie mapę wyznaniową ziem pruskich na resztę wieków. Anali­za najpierw wpływów wikliefickich, a następnie luterańskich w Prusach stano­wi kluczowy element do poznania i zrozumienia specyfiki społeczno-religijnej tego regionu. Kronika ta jest cennym źródłem historycznym, wciąż jednak nie­docenianym lub marginalizowanym.
TRAVELLING TOWARDS HOME
Authors: Frost Nicola , Selwyn Tom
Published: November 2023

As we grapple with a growing refugee crisis, a hardening of anti-immigration sentiment, and deepening communal segregation in many parts of the developed world, questions of the nature of home and homemaking are increasingly critical. This collection brings ethnographic insight into the practices of homemaking, exploring a diverse range of contexts ranging from economic migrants to new Chinese industrial cities, Jewish returnees from Israel to Ukraine, and young gay South Asians in London. While negotiating widely varying social-political contexts, these studies suggest an unavoidably multiple understanding of home, while provoking new understandings of the material and symbolic process of making oneself “at home.”
OBSTETRIC VIOLENCE AND SYSTEMIC DISPARITIES
Authors: Davis-Floyd Robbie , Premkumar Ashish
Published: November 2023

The final volume in this landmark 3-volume series The Anthropology of Obstetrics and Obstetricians: The Practice, Maintenance, and Reproduction of a Biomedical Profession looks at the challenges, and even violence, that obstetricians face across the world. Part I of this volume addresses obstetric violence and systemic racial, ethnic, gendered, and socio-structural disparities in obstetricians’ practices in the Dominican Republic, Mexico, Peru, and the US. Part II addresses decolonizing and humanizing obstetric training and practice in the UK, Russia, Brazil, New Zealand, and the US. Part 3 presents the ethnographic challenges that the chapter authors in Volumes II and III of this series faced in finding, surveying, interviewing, and observing obstetricians in various countries. This book is a must-read for students, social scientists, and all maternity care practitioners who seek to understand the diverse challenges that obstetricians must overcome.
Asian Space Race: New Priorities for Industrial Development of Solar System Bodies
Authors: Blokhina Tatiana
Published: November 2023

The article provides an overview of space programs and projects of the countries of the Asia-Pacific region (APR) with an assessment of their effectiveness and target orientation. The key emphasis is placed on the consideration of projects for the industrial development of Solar system bodies, which allow us to conclude about the emergence of a space industry aimed at the development and extraction of space resources. The features of the Asian model of space exploration are highlighted, which is focused more on the peaceful use of space and overcoming the problem of depletion of terrestrial resources. The space programs of China and Japan are considered in detail and an overview of space projects of other countries in the region, including Vietnam, Malaysia, India, Singapore, is made. As part of the analysis of China's space program, the most significant stages in its implementation and mechanisms ensuring the success of space projects, including a successful combination of state participation and the involvement of private companies in the implementation of space projects, are highlighted. The Japanese experience in the development of space projects and their targeted orientation to the industrial development of Solar system bodies is evaluated. The approaches of other countries of the Asia-Pacific region to the implementation of space projects based on international cooperation and cooperation with more developed countries in space exploration are shown. The special importance of the development of such projects in the space sphere is emphasized due to the fact that they can bring stability to the system of international space security, since they involve to a greater extent the peaceful use of space, focused on overcoming the problem of depletion of terrestrial resources.
On the Big business of the Chinese Diaspora
Authors: Afonasieva Alina V.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the important scientific problem of assessing the economic resources of the big business of the Chinese diaspora (overseas Chinese, in Chinese: huaqiao-huaren). The author has collected and studied statistical information on large enterprises of overseas Chinese. The author’s sample included 339 large huaqiao-huaren enterprises, for which were available the year of foundation, location of head offices, geography of branches, subsidiaries, main business sectors, market capitalization and enterprises value. The paper analyzes the geographic location and sectoral structure of large enterprises of overseas Chinese. The big capital of the Chinese diaspora is estimated both in nominal terms and in comparison with the volume of accumulated outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) of the PRC, as well as in relation to GDP and Gross fixed capital formation of individual countries and regions.
 
The author concludes that the big business of the Chinese diaspora is closely connected with the PRC. The big capital of the Chinese diaspora covers at least 117 countries and regions of Asia (50%), America (43-46%), Europe (3-4%), Oceania (more than 1%) and Africa (about 1%), and it is a powerful force in the world. This capital is mostly accumulated in the manufacturing industry — more than 65%, of which 49.6-52.5% is in the semiconductor industry. This is especially important in connection with the US technological war against the PRC and the ban on the sale of advanced semiconductors and equipment for their production to the PRC. The Chinese diaspora also has its own financial system in the countries and regions of Asia, Europe, America, and Oceania, which also includes the PRC.
Acknowledgements:
Author is grateful to E.S. Bazhenova (Ph.D. in Economics, Leading Researcher, ICCA RAS), A.G. Larin (Ph.D. in Philology) and Professor A.V. Ostrovsky (Dr.Sc. in Economics, Chief Researcher, IOS RAS) for valuable comments and recommendations that helped improve the original text of the article.
The Revival of China's Tea Industry in the Years of Reform
Authors: Aleksakhina Svetlana
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the main problems of the revival of tea production in China in the XXI century. Tea in China is more than a drink. This is the most important element of history and culture, an important article of foreign trade since the time of the Great Silk Road, when there was the so-called Great Tea Road (茶道) — a caravan route that ran in the XVI-XIX centuries between Asia and Europe. In terms of trade turnover, it was the second after the Great Silk Road. Since the beginning of the 80s of the XX century, the promotion of tea culture in the country has been based on traditional foundations. The awakening of interest in tea culture was accompanied by an appeal to some traditional values of Chinese society and their rethinking in the new conditions, which is of great interest to the scientific community both in China and abroad. Currently, China ranks first in the world in terms of tea plantation area and total production, accounting for a fifth of the world's exports.
 
Among the necessary measures for the development of the tea industry, it is necessary to create a modern infrastructure that ensures the optimal operation of tea plantations, the improvement of the technological process for processing tea collection, the creation of new factories for processing and packaging finished products, as well as new domestic tea brands.
The Outside World in China's Strategy after the 20th CPC Congress
Authors: Vinogradov Andrey
Published: November 2023

Since the beginning of reforms, China's economic development strategy has been aimed at integrating into the existing international economic order and establishing close cooperation, primarily with developed countries. China was able to effectively use the emerging opportunities of economic globalization and became the second economy in the world, unwittingly challenging the international order that emerged after the collapse of bipolarity. The expansion and deepening of trade and economic ties with most countries of the world and an independent foreign policy have led to increased tension in relations between China and the United States and, at the same time, to increased support for China from developing countries. As a result of economic crises and policies to contain China, the international order based on economic ties began to collapse and be replaced by a geopolitical one. The outside world, from being the most important source of China's development, which ensured the success of modernization and paved the way for the “Chinese Dream of Great Revival,” is turning into a source of major challenges and threats. The period of China's relations with the outside world, which began with the Opium Wars, is coming to an end. In the context of growing international tension and renewed East-West confrontation, the nature of China's relations with the outside world is changing, a new historical cycle of relations and a new stage in China's development are beginning.
The Official Position of the People's Republic of China Regarding the Nature of Relations with the Russian Federation in the Context of the “Special Military Operation” (SMO)
Authors: Goncharov Sergey
Published: November 2023

Against the backdrop of unfolding dramatic events related to the "Ukrainian crisis," significant attention has been drawn to various aspects of China's policy. This article attempts to delve into the basic elements of the Chinese leadership's strategy using reliable sources from December 2021 to March 2023. This period encompassed the preparation and execution of Russian President V.V. Putin's visit to China in February 2022 and Chinese President Xi Jinping's reciprocal visit to Moscow in March 2023. Chinese accounts of events are compared with official materials on the portals of the Russian President, Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as the portals of heads of states and foreign ministries of other countries. It can be stated that throughout this period, topics related to the "Ukrainian crisis" were at the center of attention in Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs briefings, although the focus on this issue somewhat diminished over time. Despite the emergence since April 2022 of increasingly noticeable "pauses" related to Ukraine-related questions, overall, this theme garnered the most attention concerning Beijing's foreign policy activities during the specified period. The article explores how the leadership of China defines its relations with the Russian Federation in the contemporary stage and how this influences China's policy regarding the Ukrainian conflict.
Religious and Cultural Adaptation of Korean Immigrants in Russia in the Late 19th Century on the Example of Blagoslovennoe Village
Authors: Li Jing
Published: November 2023

In the second half of the 19th century Russia expanded its territory to the coast of the Sea of Japan and achieved a border with Korea. In the 1860s, a large number of Korean immigrants began to move into the Russian Empire. In 1871, Russian authorities relocated some Korean immigrants to the Amur River and established a village called “Blagoslovennoe”. The government of the Russian Empire attempted to integrate them by establishing a Korean settlement and translating liturgy into Korean. The case of Blagoslovennoe Village on the Amur River is an example of an attempt to integrate Korean immigrants into Russian society. The Russian authorities used Orthodoxy as a means of “russification” of Korean immigrants in the Far East, and the spread of Orthodoxy among the Korean immigrant community coincided with the desire of most Korean immigrants to integrate into Russian society as soon as possible. To this end, a bilingual Orthodox liturgy was made available. Based on a bilingual liturgy for Korean immigrants to the Far East in Korean and Russian used in the village of Blagoslovennoe, found in the Archives of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences, this paper examines the Orthodox element in the “Russification” of Korean immigrants to the Far East, beginning with this unexplored archive. But despite adaptation processes, Koreans retained their identity. For example, Korean immigrants retained familiar geographical names not only in their speech but also in their liturgy. The study of liturgical texts allows the researcher to understand the process of cultural integration into the new society with the preservation of cultural identity.
The author expresses her deep gratitude to Dr. V.G. Sharonova, Leading Researcher of the Institute of Russian History of the RAS, for constructive criticism on the content of the article and the edit.
Pages from the History of the Democratic League of China in the Late Republican Period
Authors: Sotnikova Irina
Published: November 2023

This article concerns the origins, development and activities of one of the oldest Chinese democratic parties — the Democratic League of China from its inception to the formation of the People's Republic of China in 1949. New documents and materials discovered in the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, in particular, the Bulletins of the Information Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on foreign policy issues, shed light on little-studied questions about the role and place of this democratic organization in the Chinese revolution. Under patriotic slogans, the Democratic League united in its ranks both non-partisan public figures and political parties and groups with various views, from nationalist to pro-communist. Despite the diverse political composition of small parties and groups, the league turned into a coalition trying to find a “third way” between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the ruling Kuomintang party. The growing authoritarianism of the Kuomintang leader Chiang Kai-shek and the implementation of pro-Japanese policies by the Kuomintang members undermined the foundations of the national anti-Japanese united front and undermined the war of resistance. These circumstances repelled the country's patriotic forces from the Kuomintang. The Kuomintang's suppression of the democratic movement led to a reorientation of the Democratic League's policies. The League publicly announced cooperation with the CCP until the complete collapse of the reactionary Kuomintang government, for democracy, peace and independence of the country. The work of the Democratic League helped to unite the broad groups of the population into the patriotic movement for a new China. After the formation of the People's Republic of China, at the suggestion of Mao Zedong, the league was preserved, its leaders received posts in the government. Currently, members of the Democratic League are mainly engaged in cultural and educational work.
Features of the Car Import into Primorsky Region
Authors: Krasova Elena V.
Published: November 2023

Primorsky Region is actively involved into foreign trade with neighboring Asian countries. For past 30 years, the Region has been an important trade and logistics link in the chain of Russian automobile imports, and the center for sales and service of imported passenger cars in the Far East. Because of the export restrictions from a several countries that directly affected the car market, there have been changes in recent months in the field of car imports that are significant for all market participants — consumers, intermediaries, manufacturers-exporters. The purpose of the study is to update trends in the import of passenger cars in the Primorsky Region and assess current events in terms of the developing this area of economic activity. The article reflects the features of car imports from Japan and the Republic of Korea up to 2021, analyzes the changes that have occurred in the field of car imports in the Primorsky Region in 2022-2023, and considers the aspect of increasing car imports from China that is relevant for the current stage of the car market development. The articles main conclusion is that the car market that had developed in the Primorsky Region by 2021, offering mainly used Japanese cars, will diversify its structure and sales conditions from 2022, including through the cars import from China. At the same time, Vladivostok has many reasons to maintain its status as a center of automobile trade in the Far East.
Educational Charities in China: Key Areas of Work and Development Prospects
Authors: Guleva Maria A.
Published: November 2023

Following the rapid social and economic development during the period of reform and opening up, a large number of Chinese enterprises and entrepreneurs are increasingly investing in the development of education, sponsoring students and teachers, building schools and helping to develop curricula, thereby not only strengthening the work of the educational system, but also laying the foundation for the development of future science, technology and training for various enterprises.
 
This article examines the development of the sector of charitable organizations in the field of education in China over the past decade, examines the changes that have occurred in the concept and model of work of these organizations. The work in the field of charity in education is attracting more and more attention from all segments of the population, the number of people covered by their activities is steadily growing. The article presents some key features, problems and prospects for the work of such organizations. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate that the sphere of charity is becoming an integral part of the overall transformation and innovation in Chinese education, which takes place against the backdrop of improving the state educational policy and the development of new technologies. The topics of projects of educational NGOs are becoming more and more saturated. One of the most important and invariable characteristics of the work of charitable organizations is their focus on helping the most needy segments of the population. At the same time, the spheres of influence of organizations cover not only school education, but also go beyond classes and lessons, organizing work between schools, families and the whole society, diversifying the types of work outside the school walls. Changing the concept of education, research and new practices will undoubtedly have a positive impact on the reform of education in not only rural areas of China, but throughout the country as a whole.
A Research on Conjunctions and Interjections Jointly Used in Turkish and Urdu
Authors: KİŞMİR Aykut , ÖCALMIŞ Elif , SİYLİM BAŞARIR Emel
Published: November 2023

Common words and grammatical similarities between languages, increase the interaction of languages with each other and accelerate the language learning process. Over the centuries, many grammatical subjects from Arabic and Persian have been transferred to Turkish and Urdu under the influence of the religion of Islam. Urdu, which comes from ordo/ordu in Old Turkic, means khan’s mansion, military camp. Nowadays, Urdu language appears as a common means of communication of different cultures in many parts of the Indian Subcontinent. Scientific studies in the literature show that the common words used today between Turkish and Urdu languages are mostly of Arabic and Persian origin. This study put emphasis on the common conjunctions that connect the sentences and concepts related to the meaning used in Turkish and Urdu languages and common exclamations that describe emotional states or reflect a nature sound; it was tried to draw attention to sound changes and meaning changes with the examples of sentences given in the form of tables.
Ürdün Edebiyatında İlk Serbest Şiir Örnekleri
Authors: DOĞANCI Seher
Published: November 2023

XX. yy’e kadar Osmanlı devleti himayesinde Suriye’ye bağlı bir vilayet olan Ürdün’ün 1921’den önceye ait halk şiirleri, şarkıları ve edebiyatına dair yazılı ve sözlü kayıtları olmamakla beraber şairlerine ya da ediplerine dair kayıtlı bir kanıt da yoktur. Bununla birlikte Ürdün’deki edebî hareketlerin akabinde Ürdün edebiyatı kayıtlı olarak üç merhalede gelişme gösterir. Bunlardan ilki 1921 ve 1946 yılları arasını kapsayan Emirlikler Dönemi Edebiyatı olup Ürdün’ün Bilâdu’ş-Şâm ve diğer Arap ülkelerinden olan Lübnanlı, Hicâzlı ve Iraklı şairlerle irtibatının devam ettiği dönemdir. Bu dönemde yazılan edebi eserler Kur’an Arapçası ile yazılmakta ve kayıt altına alınmakta olup konu olarak İngiliz ve Fransız sömürgesine karşı durmayı işler. Yine bu dönemde Ürdün şiiri Ürdünlü şairlerin elinde altın çağını yaşar ve bunlar arasında ‘Arâr lakaplı Mustafâ Vehbît’t-Tel ve Husnî Zeyd yer alır. İkincisi, 1948 ve 1967 yılları arasını kapsayan Nekbe (Felaket) ve Nekse (Yenilgi) Arasındaki Edebiyat olarak adlandırılır ve 1948 yılında yarım milyon Filistinlinin Ürdün’ün doğu sahillerine iltica etmesiyle başlar. Dahası, Ürdün-Filistin hüviyeti çerçevesinde oluşan bu dönemde, ilk serbest şiir örnekleri ‘Abdu’r-Rahîm ‘Omar ve Teysîr Subûl gibi pek çok şair tarafından yazılır. Üçüncü dönem ise Haziran 1967’den günümüze kadar devam eden Nekse Sonrası Edebiyat olup Modern Ürdün Edebiyatının başlangıcı sayılır. Bu çalışmada Ürdün Edebiyatının ikinci dönemi içerisinde ilk kez görülmeye başlanan beş farklı şaire ait beş serbest şiir örneğinin Arapçadan Türkçeye çevrilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Söz konusu şiirlerin işlenen konular, kullanılan simgeler ve dil çerçevesinde nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılarak tahlil edilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, AKUNTABILITAS, TRANSPARANSI, DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN DANA DESA
Authors: Artika Meylina , Fitriasuri Fitriasuri , Alvia Risa
Published: November 2023

The competence of village officials in managing village fund budgets used for the benefit of the community has been misused for personal gain. This research provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between these factors and their impact on village fund budget management. In addition, proposing policy recommendations that can improve village fund budget management. The research method used was a quantitative method involving 113 respondents who were people from 19 villages in Muara Lakitan District. Sampling was performed using the slovin formula, and data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis through the SPSS application program version 26. This research shows that community competence and participation have a positive influence on the effectiveness of village fund budget management. Meanwhile, accountability and transparency do not have a significant effect on the effectiveness of village fund budget management. In addition, the results of this study have important relevance in the context of improving village fund management policies in the future.