bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I cannot baptize Satan
Authors: Akung Jonas , Abang Oshega
Published: February 2020

This article examines the communicative significance and sociolinguistic import of deathprevention names in Mbube, Ogoja Local Government Area of Cross River State, Southeastern Nigeria. Naming in the Mbube cultural context reveals deep insights into the relationship between the name-giver and the cultural framework of the Mbube people. This study is an attempt to identify death-prevention names Mbube people bestow and what they communicate in terms of ideology, spirituality and social solidarity. The study relies on Leech’s (1983) socio-pragmatic paradigm on meaning processes, which interrogates social perceptions underlying participants’ interpretation and performance of communicative action (Kasper and Rose, 2002:2). Data for the study were sourced from givers and bearers of death-prevention names in the study area. Interviews and participants observations were the key elicitation techniques with respondents who have in-depth knowledge of the history, language and culture of the Mbube people. The study gains sufficient insights from Mbube religious beliefs, cosmology and history, which resonate in the Mbube naming system generally and death-prevention names in particular. Findings reveal that Mbube death-prevention names confer honour on both the past (ancestors) and the present (living beings), and serve as symbolic resources that encode deep cultural meanings, construct identity and reinforce the notion of personhood.
English ‘non-name’ address forms in the non-native sociolinguistic context
Authors: Sekyi-Baidoo Yaw
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the focus is on non-name address forms, or rather, non-proper name address forms, and they are seen as English loan words, which are originally used in the native English culture not as address terms or names. With their use in the Akan culture, these expressions have not only been loaned, but they have also been referentially transformed. The paper looks at the use of such address forms of English origin as kinship terms, common formal titles, status-description names, names denoting age and physical characteristics and occupational names in the Akan culture. It discusses the meaning and use of these names vis-à-vis their usage in Standard English. The paper also discusses the processes of indigenisation as the terms are adopted into the Akan sociolinguistic culture.
The Routledge Handbook of Arabic Linguistics by Elabbas Benmamoun and Reem Bassiouney, (eds), (2018)
Authors: de Pompeis Silvia
Published: February 2020

The Routledge Handbook of Arabic Linguistics by Elabbas Benmamoun and Reem Bassiouney (eds) (2018), London and New York: Routledge, ISBN: 978-1-138-78333-1. Pp. 580.
Linguistic Ethnography of a Multilingual Call Center: London Calling by Johanna Woydack (2019)
Authors: Cooper Grace Fay
Published: February 2020

Linguistic Ethnography of a Multilingual Call Center: London Calling by Johanna Woydack (2019), London: Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN: 978-3-319-93322-1 (hardback), 978-3-319-93323-8 (eBook), Pp. xv + 214.
Geoeconomics in the light of International Political Economy: a theoretical discussion
Authors: JAEGER BRUNA COELHO , BRITES PEDRO VINICIUS PEREIRA
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT Given the interdisciplinary nature of the field of IPE, this article aims to analyze the theoretical field of Geoeconomics, which is understood here as the study of the effects and the material causes of power disputes between different actors on the international order. In order to achieve this interconnection between the two analytical fields, checking the convergence with the IPE, it explores the parallels and oppositions between the theoretical aspects of Classical Geopolitics and Marxism, which are traditional IPE approaches. In addition, the concepts of Braudel and Gottmann are discussed as alternative and essentially geoeconomic views.
“Eu esqueço que sou deficiente”: interações e sociabilidade de adolescentes com deficiência física que praticam esportes
Authors: Santos Tatiana Vasconcelos dos , Moreira Martha Cristina Nunes , Gomes Romeu
Published: February 2020

O artigo analisa os sentidos atribuídos por adolescentes com deficiência às experiências de participação em grupos em contextos esportivos. O estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na análise compreensiva crítica, teve entrevistas semiestruturadas com adolescentes com deficiência física como acervo. Como resultados da análise, configuraram-se três eixos temáticos: (1) o corpo, (2) a sociabilidade e interações no grupo, e (3) as interações fora do grupo. No contexto do esporte, destacam-se os grupos como espaço de sociabilidade evocando autonomia, autoestima e desempenho. A reconfiguração do corpo com deficiência aproximou-se de um ideal capacitista capaz de configurar os desafios nas interações fora do grupo. Conclui-se que os sentidos legitimam modelos hegemônicos de masculinidade e feminilidade e que o capacitismo foi acionado como sistema comum de relevância entre os adolescentes com deficiência física que praticam esportes.
Morphological differences in a population of Rufous-collared Sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis, Statius Müller, 1776) (Passerine, Emberizidae) at different elevations in the Tropical Andes
Authors: Busi Ana , Cardona-Salazar Leydy J. , Castillo Daniela Gómez , Ossa-López Paula A. , Rivera-Páez Fredy A. , Vásquez Rodrigo A. , Castaño-Villa Gabriel J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract Populations that breed along steep elevation gradients show diverse physiological and morphological changes in response to the different environmental conditions. The latter has been discussed by Bergmann’s and Allen’s ecogeographic rules about body and appendage sizes and environmental temperature. We compared morphometric measures (mass, bill width, tarsus, wing, and tail length) of a Zonotrichia capensis population in two localities at different elevations with similar latitudes and photoperiods on the western slope of the Colombian Central Andes. We compared a Low Elevation locality (LE) at 1800 m a.s.l. and a High Elevation locality (HE) at 3853 m a.s.l. that have approximate wind speeds of 1.3 m/s and 8.4 m/s, respectively. During 12 months of sampling, we captured 46 adults using mist-nets; 26 in the LE and 20 in the HE. Each individual was sexed using molecular techniques at the Laboratory of Genetics of the Department of Biological Sciences of Universidad de Caldas. Individuals (males + females) from the HE had longer wings and tails than those from the LE (F1,44 = 5.93; P = 0.019). Also, wings of males in the HE were longer than those of females in both localities and tails of males in the HE were longer than those of LE males. Our results did not agree with what was expected according to Allen’s and Bergmann’s ecogeographic rules. Longer wings and tails increase sustainment, maneuverability, and balance in low atmospheric pressures and strong air currents and these conditions are found at high elevation habitats. Most likely, the longer wings found for HE males allow greater movement during territorial behavior. Further, these differences in morphological traits along elevational gradients could result from micro-evolutionary changes between localities or phenotypic plasticity of individuals exposed to different environmental conditions.
Eye tracking y usabilidad en ambientes informacionales digitales: revisión teórica y propuesta de procedimiento de evaluación
Authors: ROA-MARTÍNEZ Sandra Milena , VIDOTTI Silvana Aparecida Borsetti Gregorio
Published: February 2020

Resumen Considerando la tecnología eye tracking como método de colecta de datos originados por el registro del seguimiento visual de las personas, se propone como objetivo de este trabajo orientar conceptual y metodológicamente el desarrollo de futuras investigaciones que pretendan usar esta tecnología para la evaluación de la usabilidad en ambientes digitales informacionales. Fue usado un enfoque metodológico descriptivo y prospectivo para el desarrollo de este trabajo, a partir de un levantamiento bibliográfico, análisis de literatura y experiencias en trabajos previos. Como resultado, se obtuvo un conjunto de pasos que constituyen una propuesta de procedimiento para evaluación de aspectos de usabilidad usando la tecnología eye tracking. Se destaca que se encuentra un amplio panorama y configuraciones para evaluar usabilidad usando eye tracking. El procedimiento propuesto pretende guiar futuras investigaciones relacionadas; además se presenta un consolidado de métricas con un significado en términos de evaluación de aspectos de usabilidad. Concluyendo, entre los principales aspectos de usabilidad medidos durante la evaluación por métricas de eye tracking están: eficiencia en la búsqueda, interfaz y visibilidad y que el procedimiento propuesto, además de guía, garantizará que los objetivos propuestos en este tipo de investigaciones sean claramente formulados y cumplidos al igual que la validez de sus resultados.
Altas Habilidades/Superdotação: Intervenção em Habilidades Sociais com Estudantes, Pais/Responsáveis e Professoras
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA Ana Paula , CAPELLINI Vera Lucia Messias Fialho , RODRIGUES Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever e comparar o repertório de habilidades sociais, problemas de comportamento e competência acadêmica de estudantes com Altas Habilidades/Superdotação (AH/SD): 1) segundo o relato deles mesmos, antes e depois de um programa sobre habilidades sociais; e 2) segundo o relato de seus pais/responsáveis e professoras, antes e depois de orientações sobre AH/SD e habilidades sociais. Participaram nove estudantes de uma escola pública, nove pais/responsáveis e oito professoras. Os participantes responderam ao questionário Sistema de Avaliação de Habilidades Sociais (SSRS) versão para pais, professores e alunos. A intervenção com os estudantes ocorreu em oito encontros semanais e dos pais/responsáveis e professores, em três encontros quinzenais. Os resultados apontaram que o repertório social dos estudantes melhorou no ponto de vista deles, de suas professoras e de seus pais, provavelmente devido ao procedimento de intervenção utilizado, que envolveu mais de um segmento.
The Imaginary World of Semen Koltovskii
Authors: Poe Marshall
Published: February 2020

The later seventeenth century was an era of unprecedented social mobility in the upper reaches of Muscovite society. Prior to the reign of Aleksei Mikhailovich, the boyar duma had been the preserve of a small set of pedigreed families. Aleksei, however, altered the traditional duma recruitment policy in the 1650s and began to promote undistinguished "new men" into the duma. Despite the claims of some historians, the new men were not radicals. It is true that many of them had made their way to the top by virtue of their service and skill, and not due to any hereditary right to elite ranks or offices. They were the beneficiaries of a very mild drift toward meritocratic appointment. But the new men did not necessarily share the principles standing behind the policy that brought them into the heights of Muscovite society. They had been born and bred in a society that took for granted the existence of a class of men who were the natural born leaders of the realm. The new men recognized that though they were among the elite, they were not of it in a genealogical sense. It likely never occurred to them to alter the basic principles of the old status system. The parvenus wanted to become members of the hereditary elite, not to destroy it. Evidence of widespread genealogical falsification by the new men is prima facie indication of this desire and the mentality that stood behind it.
The Public Face of Private Life
Authors: Poe Marshall
Published: February 2020

This essay concerns a common rite of conviviality among the seventeenth-century Muscovite elite — the presentation of dependent female family members (wives, married daughters, servants) to guests during banquets.1 This ritual stands at the nexus of private and public life in Muscovy, for while it occurred within the confines of the home it was designed to offer strangers an idealized representation of domestic relations. The first section below points out that indigenous Muscovite sources for private life, banquets, and the family-presentation ritual are problematic, and then goes on to argue that foreign accounts provide good (though neglected) information on these topics. The second section continues this line of argument by substantiating the credibility of the foreign descriptions of the family-presentation ritual. The third section surveys the descriptions themselves and variations among them. The final section offers an interpretation of the symbolism of the family-presentation ritual and its meaning for the Muscovite elite.
Formative Evaluation of Near-semantic Search Interfaces
Authors: Hahn Jim , Diaz Chris
Published: February 2020

This paper reports findings from a usability study of an experimental near-semantic search interface. We present user preferences for exploring semantic recommendations and model a new user interface for subject suggestions based on the results. The resulting catalog search engine (Deneb 2.0) is in public beta implementation, available at: http://dunatis.grainger.uiuc.edu/deneb-2
Improvement of the Legal Regulation of Sanitary Logging as a Factor of Neutralizing the Shadow Sector of the Timber Industry
Authors: Davydova Galina , Tagiyev Mikail , Korodyuk Igor , Kravchenko Irina , Makarova Galina
Published: February 2020

The authors analyze the use of sanitary logging to commit forestry crimes in Russia, placing a special emphasis on regional trends. They study how the situation with illegal logging has been changing since the adoption of the new Forest Code of the Russian Federation, describe the specific features of forest health-improvement measures (sanitary logging) and their influence on the size of the shadow sector in the timber industry, pay attention to the consequences of adopting rule-making initiatives in the forestry sector by the end of 2018. It is proven that since 2017 (the introduction of the new Forest Code) the structure of illegal loggers changed a lot, while the active rule-making work by federal and regional authorities was aimed at widening the opportunities for abuses in the forest sector. The authors present their opinion regarding the quality of the package of bylaws that develop the clauses of the Forest Code in the sphere of sanitary logging. It is noted that a large number of such bylaws led to the problem of their coordination not only with the existing normative base, but also with each other. Besides, some clauses of these bylaws allow for their deliberate interpretation, which leads to the overstatement of the number of trees and the volume of timber stand to be logged. The authors discuss a number of controversial norms that make it possible to increase the areas of clear cutting. Forest legislation is extremely conservative. It is supported by the fact that the goals that the introduced norms intend to obtain are sometimes reached years later. It is beneficial when different amendments are introduced with the aim of improving the condition of the forests rather than contribute to the growth of corruption in the forest sector. The results of such lawmaking are analyzed using the specific examples of forestries in Irkutsk Region in the past two years (2017–2018). The authors stress that it is necessary to eliminate the identified drawbacks in the legislative regulation of sanitary logging as one of the key elements in the development of the measures of special prevention of criminal activities in the timber industrial complex.
Autonome Anlagen und Remote Operation
Authors: Von Trotha Christian , Enk Stefan , Krauss Michael , Piechottka Uwe , Pretz Joachim , Rahm Luise
Published: February 2020

Aus den unterschiedlichsten Gründen gewinnen die Themen „Remote Operation“ und „Autonome Anlagen“ in der Prozess­industrie immer stärker an Bedeutung. Unabhängig von den individuellen Beweggründen wird ein Klassifizierungsschema zur Beschreibung des Autonomiegrads bzw. des Umfangs der Remote Operation benötigt. Nur so können eine ganzheitliche und systematische Betrachtung und die Übertragbarkeit bestehender Lösungen sichergestellt werden. Dieser Beitrag fasst den aktuellen Stand des Klassifizierungsschemas des NAMUR AK 4.20 „Remote and Autonomous Operation“ zusammen und gibt einen Einblick in aktuelle Betreibererfahrungen mit und auf dem Weg zu einem remoten oder autonomen Anlagenbetrieb.
Semantic model of modern gender identity: texts and contexts
Authors:   Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University of Cherkassy, Pushonkova O.A.
Published: February 2020

Revealing of the logic of representations in culture is the basis of the modern visual literacy formation. Doubts about the potential of visual information as a reliable source of authenticity, require inclusion of other modes of reality perception, contextual expansion of the very concept of visuality, and interaction with different discourses. The questions of how the evaluation guides of the modern era change the visual language, how its contexts and texts are formed, and, in particular, how it affects the formation of modern gender identity, are acquiring actuality. The gender issue, being a field of interdisciplinary research, most clearly presents changes in the methods of visualization and modeling of reality, therefore, serves as a representative base of the material. Visual gender images show changes in the deep layers of culture, and gender studies are transformed along with changes in cultural field and capture the very nature of cultural change. The visual representation of femininity and masculinity represented in culture is based on the metaphor of sex, appealing to archetypes, the oldest ideas of men and women. Visual representations of gender in culture show a wide range of identification practices, from artificial and distorted corporeality to the return of the "natural body". In the context of modern studies of gender visual representations, we have to identify their connection with the dynamic changes in the structure of identity (fragmentation, mimicry, drifting) and with changes in the cultural codes of corporeality. It is proved that in the conditions of destruction of representative systems it makes sense to speak not only about the specifics of femininity and masculinity, which by losing self-sufficiency are curtailed in selfie-projects, but also about the general repressed subject of culture which lies in the "scissors" of new formats of discipline power: coercion and temptation. The screen demonstrates perfect “human-thing” with a blurred gender identity (new androgen), which keeps the attention, fixes it on itself as a narcissistic selfie-project that absorbs the views of others around through different techniques. It was found that the formation of gender identity changed the nature of sample imitation (as it was before) and acquired the character of simulation, where evaluative independent attitude towards the world or a narcissistic choice in the context of a hedonistic-oriented culture is possible. This arch for samples remains at the deep level of collective symbols and archetypes, which should become the subject of further developments.
Modi of the idea of responsibility in socio-cultural circumstances of the mid of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st centuries. Part І
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rohozha M. M.
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with socio-cultural factors, terminological collisions and modi of the idea of responsibility in the West European socio-cultural space. Main attention is paid to shaping of the idea of responsibility in socio-cultural circumstances of the mid of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st centuries. The first part of the paper outlines the preliminary history of the modern concept of responsibility, peculiarities of the problem in Aristotle’s "The Nicomachean Ethics" are observed as well as the idea of accountability (imputatio) in ethics of P. Abelard in modi of moral guilt and offense. It is mentioned that in Pre-modern culture idea of responsibility is developed in the context of the freedom of human action, one’s capability to keep an answer for one’s actions and to admit guilt. It is specified that in philosophy of Modernity the notion imputatio is represented in I. Kant’s philosophy. Although Kant did not put the problem of accountability as the cornstone of his philosophy, he had defined conditions for possibility of agent’s accountability in such a way that his ideas are at the background of the main conceptions of responsibility of the 20th century. Further in the paper development of the problem around the term Verantwortung (responsibility) is observed. In particular, M. Weber’s ethics of responsibility (in comparison to ethics of conviction) is analyzed. The paper pays attention to the of H. Arendt’s conception of lost generations, and grounds of the problem of responsibility actualization in the sense of life search of these generations are analyzed. The first part of the paper is finished by the analysis of the conception of guilt and responsibility by K. Jaspers who applied to the problem in the context of comprehension of the axiological space of postwar Germany.
Preventing Sexual Violence on College Campuses: An Investigation of Current Practices of Conducting Background Checks on Student-Athletes
Authors: Cintron Alicia , Levine Jeffrey , McCray Kristy
Published: February 2020

Instances of sexual violence against women on college campuses is a major concern for university administrators. One approach to reducing instances of sexual violence on college campuses has been conducting background checks with more focused attention on student-athletes, though this approach is not without risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate current practices of conducting background checks on student-athletes, and to present risk management strategies to reducing sexual violence on campus. Through a systematic data collection approach that included Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests of NCAA Division I public institutions, we found the implementation of background checks for student-athletes is a widely accepted practice, where policies were mandated by the athletic conference, state administrative law, or within the university. Recommendations for addressing sexual violence on campus include comprehensive sexual violence prevention education for students and student-athletes, including bystander intervention training. Additionally, if schools opt to utilize background checks, policies and procedures must be created to ensure due process, consistency for admissions, and staff training.
Teoria dos jogos e acordo de leniência na lei anticorrupção brasileira
Authors: Ceren João Pedro , Gonçalves Rubén Miranda , Carmo Valter Moura do
Published: February 2020

A lei anticorrupção brasileira (lei nº 12.846 de 2013) trouxe mecanismos interessantes para o aprimoramento ao combate da corrupção. Dentre tais instrumentos, o artigo discute o acordo de leniência, que tem como finalidade precípua uma troca entre Poder Público e pessoa jurídica que o celebra; o Estado ganha informações para um melhor proceder nas investigações, desfazendo grupos e os envolvidos no ato corrupto, enquanto a pessoa jurídica ganha um prêmio por ter se sujeitado a fornecer tais informações. Todavia, ao utilizarmos a teoria dos jogos (game theory), o acordo de leniência, conforme se encontra atualmente na lei anticorrupção, é interessante do ponto de vista econômico? Os benefícios previstos para quem celebra o acordo de leniência são suficientes? E em caso negativo, qual elemento poderia contribuir para torná-lo mais atrativo? O método dedutivo de pesquisa pautará este artigo. É possível afirmar que o acordo de leniência conforme a teoria dos jogos pode não ser tão vantajoso para quem o celebra caso seus efeitos não se comuniquem entre a legislação anticoncorrencial e a anticorruptiva, para um melhor uso do instituto, importante seria um intercâmbio entre a nova lei de defesa da concorrência e a lei anticorrupção.
A sustentabilidade por meio do planejamento urbano
Authors: Bodnar Zenildo , Priess Alexandre Dos Santos , Bianchi Patrícia Nunes Lima
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo avalia a importância de um planejamento urbano eficiente para a concretização da sustentabilidade e garantia do direito fundamental à cidade sustentável. A abordagem inicia tratando das cidades e do necessário compromisso com o urbanismo sustentável; avança com a análise do planejamento urbano inteligente como caminho necessário à sustentabilidade e, por fim, discorre sobre a importância decisiva do plano diretor para o alcance dos objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável no meio urbano. Como resultado destaca a importância da construção colaborativa e democrática de um adequado e eficiente plano diretor como instrumento estratégico de governança urbana e sustentabilidade. A pesquisa consiste em pesquisa bibliográfica produzida a partir de metodologia de base lógica indutiva.
Uchwała rady najwyższej Ukrainy „Про відзначення на державному рівні 75-х роковин початку депортації Українців” i jej rola w stosunkach polsko-ukraińskich
Authors: Gil Andrzej
Published: February 2020

Artykuł przedstawia okoliczności związane z uchwaleniem przez Radę Najwyższą Ukrainy dekretu o obchodzeniu 75. rocznicy zapoczątkowania deportacji Ukraińców z Polski po II wojnie światowej. Prezentuje także uwarunkowania samej deportacji, a także możliwe skutki realizacji tej uchwały. Autor wyraża przypuszczenie, że dyskusja wokół uchwały, a przede wszystkim samej deportacji, wpłynie negatywnie na współczesne stosunki ukraińsko-polskie.
Distribution of Dental Caries in 12-Year Old Children of Chandigarh using DMFT and SiC Index- A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Urvashi , Gill Namrata , Gulati Anubha , Arora Rosy , Agnihotri Archna , Bal Ikreet Singh , Passi Sidhi , Verma Leena , Gauba Krishan
Published: February 2020

Aims: To evaluate the distribution of dental caries using the DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) and Significant Caries Index (SiC) in 12-year old children of Chandigarh. To comparatively analyze the risk factors between the two groups - ‘SiC index group' and ‘least DMFT group' and to determine if the WHO Health goals have been achieved for the population. Methods: The examination for dental caries was done as per the WHO recommendations on 495 children. DMFT, SiC values and the oral health behaviours were recorded and the risk predictors for caries identified on logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 74.1%. The mean DMFT was 2.93 ± 2.57 (0-12) and the mean SiC was 5.76 ± 1.89 (4-12). The odds of being in the SiC group were lesser with â‰¥ once a day tooth cleaning (OR:0.644, CI:0.109 - 3.822, p-value 0.628) and higher with â‰¤ once a day sugar intake (OR:1.286; CI:0.782-2.115, p-value 0.322), â‰¤ once a day fruit intake (OR: 1.485; CI:0.820 - 2.691, p-value 0.192), in boys (OR:1.175;CI:0.748 - 1.847, p - value 0.484) and in the lower strata (OR:2.578; CI:1.187 - 5.598, p-value 0.017). Conclusion: The study confirmed an unequal distribution of dental caries and aims to focus on the more susceptible lower strata and reduction of the D component of DMFT. The WHO Health Goals for 2000 were achieved for the population, but the Goals for 2015 were yet to be met. The study also highlights the need to strive to attain the WHO Health Goals for 2020.
Prophylactic and therapeutic parotidectomy for secondary neoplasms of the parotid gland
Authors: ANT Ayca , TOPRAK Felat , KILIÇ Caner , ÖZLÜGEDİK Samet , DURAN Arzubetül , TUNÇCAN Tuncay
Published: February 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to review the demographic and clinicopathological findings of the patients who underwent prophylactic or therapeutic parotidectomy due to the secondary neoplasm of the parotid gland (SNP), the outcomes of the patients with SNP and to provide a perspective to the parotid and neck approach in head and neck skin cancer cases. Methods: The clinical data of 178 patients who underwent parotidectomydue to neoplasm in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of a tertiary referral center from 2012 to 2017 were reviewed. Results: Among 178 patients, twenty-two (12.4%) patients were found to underwentprophylactic or therapeutic parotidectomy due to SNP. Six of these patients had pathologically positive parotid metastases (therapeutic parotidectomy). The median age of six patients was 67 years (ranging from 2 to 83 years). Five patients were male and one was female. The most common indication of parotidectomy (prophylactic and therapeutic) and pathology of parotid mass due to SNP and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) (36.3% and 50%, respectively). Conclusions: Owing to rapidly progressive feature and high morbidity, close observation of parotid in case of metastasis is crucial for recurrent SCC of the face and scalp.
Validação Exploratória e Confirmatória da Escala de Resiliência Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC-10) numa Amostra de Inscritos em Centros de Emprego
Authors: Almeida Maria Helena , Dias Sara , Xavier Miguel , Torgal Jorge
Published: February 2020

Introdução: Bonanno definiu resiliência como a capacidade do indivíduo em lidar com os eventos traumáticos, nomeadamente a capacidade de manter os níveis de funcionamento físico e psicológico relativamente estáveis. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da escala de resiliência Connor-Davidson de 10 itens. A escala resumida apresenta boas qualidades psicométricas (α Cronbach – 0,85) quando comparada com a escala longa (25 itens) (α Cronbach – 0,89).Material e Métodos: Obtivemos uma amostra de conveniência de inscritos em centros de emprego que foi aleatoriamente dividida em duas subamostras (amostra 1 = 5127 e amostra 2 = 5134). Aplicámos a análise de componentes principais na amostra 1. Com a amostra 2 procedeu-se à análise fatorial confirmatória usando o método da máxima verosimilhança. Usámos a análise multigrupo para a comparação do modelo fatorial entre os géneros e a situação profissional. Efetuámos a análise convergente e divergente através da análise de correlação de Pearson.Resultados: A análise de componentes principais extraiu um fator com uma variância explicada de 53,97%. A análise fatorial confirmatória comprovou a unidimensionalidade da escala. Confirmámos a invariância entre géneros e situação profissional. A escala de resiliência Connor-Davidson de 10 itens correlacionou-se positivamente com as medidas da escala SF-36 e negativamente com a escala GHQ-12.Discussão: A análise exploratória e confirmatória corroborou a unidimensionalidade e boas propriedades psicométricas, semelhantes à escala original de 10 itens.Conclusão: Trata-se do primeiro estudo de validação desta escala na população portuguesa (Portugal), de acordo com a pesquisa efetuada. Os seus resultados são muito satisfatórios, recomendando-se o seu uso na população portuguesa.
Materialist Premises in Hobbes and Kropotkin for Antipodean Conclusions: The State of War and the Mutual Aid
Authors: Scotognella Francesco
Published: February 2020

A methodological similarity between Thomas Hobbes and Pëtr Kropotkin is the intention to spread a theoretical foundation to everyone, in the sense that they are willing to give to all the people a clear description of the reality and a subsequent political view. To do so, they use a scientific method, deductive (starting from empirical observations) in the case of Hobbes, inductive-deductive in the case of Kropotkin. Kropotkin underlines the educational value of the scientific method.In this work we want to highlight that, although they both start their argumentations from a materialist ontology, Hobbes and Kropotkin conjecture two completely different states of nature. Hobbes describes the state of nature through the two famous metaphors homo homini lupus (citing Plautus) and bellum omnium contra omnes, while Kropotkin introduced the theory of mutual aid. Both the theory of a state of war by Hobbes and the theory of mutual aid by Kropotkin have been revolutionary. Hobbes has been influenced by the scientific revolution initiated by Francis Bacon, one of his mentors, and Galileo Galilei, together with a criticism towards the ancient Greece philosophers, in particular Aristotle. Kropotkin has been influenced by the ground-breaking writings of Charles Darwin together with a very fruitful Russian scientific environment.We want to stress here that the disenchanted view of the human nature in Hobbes, a state of war due to the fact that everyone has rights on everything, helps him to legitimate sovereignty, while the positive view of human nature in Kropotkin, a spontaneous mutual aid among people in a community, helps him to legitimate anarchy. Therefore, the fascinating scientific methods of the two materialists Hobbes and Kropotkin to structure a solid political theory cannot neglect different views on human nature due to their historical contexts.
Evaluating the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Officially Recommended in China for COVID-19 Using Ontology-Based Side-Effect Prediction Framework (OSPF) and Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Zeheng , Li Liang , Yan Jing , Yao Yuanzhe
Published: February 2020

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbroke in Wuhan has imposed a huge influence onto the society in term of the public heath and economy. However, so far, no effective drugs or vaccines have been developed. Whereas, the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been considered as a promising supplementary treatment for the disease owing to its clinically proven performance on many diseases even like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Meanwhile, many side-effect (SE) reports suggest the SE of the TCM prescriptions cannot be ignored in curing the COVID-19, especially because COVID-19 always simultaneously leads to dramatic degradation of the patients’ physical condition. How to evaluate the TCM regarding to their latent SE is a urgent challenge. Aim of the study: In this study, we use an ontology-based side-effect prediction framework (OSPF) developed in our previous work and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based deep learning to evaluate the TCM prescriptions that are officially recommended in China for novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Materials and methods: Firstly, we adopted the OSPF developed in our previous work, where an ontology-based model separate all the ingredients in a TCM prescription into two categories: hot and cold. Then, we established a database by converting each TCM prescription into a vector containing the ingredient dosage and the according hot/cold attribution as well as the safe/unsafe label. And, we trained the ANN model using this database, after which a safety indicator (SI), as the complementary percentage of side-effect (SE) possibility, is then given for each TCM prescription. According to the proposed SI from high to low, we re-organize the recommended prescription list. Secondly, by using this method, we also evaluate the safety indicators of some other famous TCM prescriptions that are not in the recommended list but are used traditionally to cure flu-like diseases for extending the potential treatments. Results: Based on the SI generated in the ANN model, FTS, PMSP, and SF are the safest ones in recommended list, which all own a more-than-0.8 SI. Whereas, JHQG, LHQW, SFJD, XBJ, and SHL are the prescriptions that are most likely unsafe, where the indicators are all below 0.2. In the extra list, the indicators of XC, XQRS, CC, and CHBX are all above 0.8, and at the meantime, XZXS, SJ, QW, and KBD’s indicators are all below 0.2. Conclusions: In total, there are seven TCM prescriptions which own the indicators more than 0.8, suggesting these prescriptions should be considered firstly in curing COVID-19, if suitable. We believe this work will provide a reasonable suggestion for the society to choose proper TCM as the supplementary treatment for COVID-19. Besides, this work also introduces a pilot and enlightening method for creating a more reasonable recommendation list of TCM to other diseases.
Implementing a Novel Use of Multicriteria Decision Analysis to Select IIoT Platforms for Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Contreras-Masse Roberto , Ochoa-Zezzatti Alberto , García Vicente , Perez-Dominguez Luis , Elizondo Mayra
Published: February 2020

Industry 4.0 is having a great impact in all smart efforts. This is not a single product, but is composed of several technologies, being one of them Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Currently, there are very varied implementation options offered by several companies, and this imposes a new challenge to companies that want to implement IoT in their processes. This challenge suggests to use multi-criteria analysis to make a repeatable and justified decision, requiring a set of alternatives and criteria. This paper proposes a new methodology and comprehensive criteria to help organizations to take an educated decision by applying multi-criteria analysis. Here, we suggest a new original use of PROMETHEE-II with full example from weight calculation up to IoT platform selection, showing this methodology as an effective study for other organizations interested to select an IoT platform. The criteria proposed outstands from previous work by including not only technical aspects, but economic and social criteria, providing a full view of the problem analyzed. A case of study was used to prove this proposed methodology.
GWAS Analysis of Wheat Pre-breeding Germplasm for Terminal Drought Stress Using Next Generation Sequencing Technology
Authors: Shokat Sajid , Sehgal Deepmala , Liu Fulai , Singh Sukhwinder
Published: February 2020

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops for food security. Of all the stresses that curtail wheat productivity, drought has the most detrimental effects. Especially terminal drought stress i.e. at the time of flowering imposes a big challenge to sustain grain production. In the current study, 339 pre-breeding lines derived from three-way crosses of exotics x elite lines were evaluated in the irrigated and drought stress environments at Obregon, Mexico for the year 2016 and 2018. Drought significantly reduced yield (Y), spike length (SL), number of grains per spikes (NGS) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) by 46.4, 19.2, 23.5 and 25.9%, respectively in comparison to irrigated conditions. Kernel abortion (KA), highly correlated with Y, increased significantly (11.6%) under drought stress environment. Population structure analysis in this panel revealed three sub-populations and a genome wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay was at 2.5 cM. Single marker and haplotypes-based genome wide association study (GWAS) revealed significant associations on three chromosomes; 4A (HB10.7), 2D (HB6.10) and 3B (HB8.12) with Y, SL and TKW, respectively. Likewise, associations on chromosomes 6B (HB17.1) and 3A (HB7.11) were identified for NGS and on 3A (HB7.12) for KA. Five traits i.e. normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), canopy temperature depression (CTD) days to heading (DTH), NGS, KA were associated at chromosome 3A both under irrigated and drought conditions however, different haplotypes were estimated. Twenty-six SNPs were part of 10 haplotype blocks associated with Y, SL, TKW, NGS and KA. In silico analysis of the associated SNPs/haplotypes showed hits with candidate genes known to confer abiotic stress resistance in model species and crops. Potential candidate genes include those coding for sulfite exporter TauE/SafE family in Arabidopsis thaliana, TBC domain containing protein in Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica and heat shock proteins in Aegilops tauschii subsp. tauschii were revealed. The SNPs linked to the promising genes identified in the study can be used for marker-assisted selection.
Dual-Source Transformer Model for Neural Machine Translation with Linguistic Knowledge
Authors: Pan Yirong , Li Xiao , Yang Yating , Dong Rui
Published: February 2020

Incorporating source-side linguistic knowledge into the neural machine translation (NMT) model has recently achieved impressive performance on machine translation tasks. One popular method is to generalize the word embedding layer of the encoder to encode each word and its linguistic features. The other method is to change the architecture of the encoder to encode syntactic information. However, the former cannot explicitly balance the contribution from the word and its linguistic features. The latter cannot flexibly utilize various types of linguistic information. Focusing on the above issues, this paper proposes a novel NMT approach that models the words in parallel to the linguistic knowledge by using two separate encoders. Compared with the single encoder based NMT model, the proposed approach additionally employs the knowledge-based encoder to specially encode linguistic features. Moreover, it shares parameters across encoders to enhance the model representation ability of the source-side language. Extensive experiments show that the approach achieves significant improvements of up to 2.4 and 1.1 BLEU points on Turkish→English and English→Turkish machine translation tasks, respectively, which indicates that it is capable of better utilizing the external linguistic knowledge and effective improving the machine translation quality.
On the Second Dipole Moment of Dirac’s Particle
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: February 2020

An analysis is presented of the possible existence of a second anomalous dipole moment of Dirac’s particle next to the one associated with the angular momentum. It includes a discussion why, in spite of his own derivation, Dirac has doubted about its relevancy. It is shown why since then it has been overlooked and why it has vanished from leading textbooks. A critical survey is given on the reasons of its reject, including the failure of attempts to measure and the perceived violations of time reversal symmetry and charge-parity symmetry. It is emphasized that the anomalous electric dipole moment of the pointlike electron (AEDM) is fundamentally different from the quantum field type electric dipole moment of an electron (eEDM) as defined in the standard model of particle physics. The analysis has resulted into the identification of a third type Dirac particle, next to the electron type and the Majorana particle. It is shown that, unlike as in the case of the electron type, its second anomalous dipole moment is real valued and is therefore subject to polarization in a vector field. Examples are given that it may have a possible impact in the nuclear domain and in the gravitational domain.
Can Single Solution Optimisation Methods Be Structurally Biased?
Authors: Kononova Anna V. , Caraffini Fabio , Wang Hao , Bäck Thomas
Published: February 2020

This paper investigates whether optimisation methods with the population made up of one solution can suffer from structural bias just like their multisolution variants. Following recent results highlighting the importance of choice of strategy for handling solutions generated outside the domain, a selection of single solution methods are considered in conjunction with several such strategies. Obtained results are tested for the presence of structural bias by means of a traditional approach from literature and a newly proposed here statistical approach. These two tests are demonstrated to be not fully consistent. All tested methods are found to be structurally biased with at least one of the tested strategies. Confirming results for multisolution methods, it is such strategy that is shown to control the emergence of structural bias in single solution methods. Some of the tested methods exhibit a kind of structural bias that has not been observed before.
Antibacterial Properties of Pure Silver Films with Nanoparticles Induced by Pulsed-Laser Dewetting Process
Authors: Lin Y. H. , Wang J. J. , Wang Y. T. , Lin H. K. , Lin Y. J
Published: February 2020

Silver particles are prepared by dewetting Ag ﬁlms coated on glass using a fiber laser. The size of the particles is controlled in the range of 92 nm ~ 1.2 μm by adjusting the thickness of the Ag film. The structural properties and surface roughness of the particles are evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the antifungal activity of the Ag particles is examined using spore suspensions of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. It is shown that the particles with a size of 1.2 μm achieve 100% inhibition of the conidia growth of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides after a contact time of just 5 min. Furthermore, the smaller particles also achieve a good antibacterial activity given a longer contact time. Similar results are observed in spore germination and pathogenicity tests performed on mango fruit and leaves. Overall, the results confirm that the Ag particles have an excellent antifungal effect on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.
Whole Virus Detection Using Paper Potentiometry and Aptamers
Authors: Dolai Subhashish , Tabib-Azar Massood
Published: February 2020

Paper-based sensors, microfluidic platforms and electronic devices have attracted attention in the past couple of decades because they are flexible, can be recycled easily, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive. Here we report a paper aptamer-based potentiometric sensor to detect the whole Zika virus for the first time with a minimum sensitivity of 2.6 nV/Zika and the minimum detectable signal (MDS) of 1.2x106 Zika. Our paper sensor works very similar to a P-N junction where a junction is formed between two different wet regions with different electrochemical potentials near each other on the paper. These two regions with slightly different ionic contents, ionic species and concentrations, produce a potential difference given by the Nernst equation. Our paper sensor consisted of a 2-3 mm x 10 mm segments of a paper with a conducting silver paint contact patches on its two ends. The paper is soaked in a buffer solution containing aptamers designed to bind to the capsid proteins on Zika. Atomic force microscopy studies were carried out to show both the aptamer and Zika become immobilized in the paper. We then added the Zika (in its own buffer) to the region close to one of the silver-paint contacts. The Zika virus (40 nm diameter with 43 kDa or 7.1x10-20 gm weight), became immobilized in the paper’s pores and bonded with the resident aptamers creating a concentration gradient. The potential measured between the two silver paint contacts reproducibly became more negative as upon adding the Zika. We also showed that an LCD powered by the sensor, can be used to detect the sensor output.
Status and Contribution of CRISPR/Cas9 Based Gene-Editing System in the Development of a Low-Immunogenic Wheat Variety
Authors: Verma Anil K. , Tiwari Aadhya , Lionetti Elena , Srivastava Akash , Monachesi Chiara , Catassi Giulia Naspi , Gatti Simona , Galeazzi Tiziana , Catassi Carlo
Published: February 2020

Gluten, a wheat protein, contains epitopes that trigger celiac disease (CD). So far, there is no treatment available for CD other than following a life-long, strict gluten-free diet (GFD). A very low-gluten or gluten-free wheat could provide an alternative treatment to CD. Till date, conventional plant breeding methods are not sufficient to produce celiac-safe wheat. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) is a versatile gene-editing system may efficiently edit the immunogenic gluten protein thereby producing a celiac-safe wheat variety. However, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing system has not been widely investigated to edit the wheat genome. Published literature available on various scientific platforms, that applied the CRISPR/Cas9 system to edit the wheat genome were explored. Only original research articles were included. Review articles, protocols, scientific presentations, and Ph.D. thesis were excluded. CRISPR/Cas9 is a highly specific gene-editing technology that can be used to efficiently edit the complex hexaploid wheat genome. It targets a specific wheat genome locus, delete an immunogenic gene and replace it with a preferred gene. CRISPR/Cas9 technology could be a breakthrough in providing an alternative treatment for CD. However, further studies are required to efficiently apply this gene-editing technology to develop a celiac-safe wheat variety.