bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF THE BEHAVIORAL APPROACH, BEHAVIORAL CONTRACT TECHNIQUE AND SELF-MANAGEMENT ON CONSUMPTIVE BEHAVIOR
Authors: Putri Regina , Marhani Marhani , Anuar Arman Bin , Fahmi Ainul
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the influence of a behavioral approach using behavior contract techniques and self-management on the consumptive behavior of students at Muhammadiyah University Palopo. High consumer behavior among students is often influenced by various factors, including a lack of financial awareness and self-management. In this study, a behavioral approach is used to design interventions in the form of behavior contracts and self-management techniques as methods to reduce uncontrolled consumer behavior. The research method applied is an experiment with a Pre Experimental Design approach. Data were collected through questionnaires measuring the frequency and intensity of consumptive behavior before and after the intervention. The results of the analysis show that the implementation of behavioral contracts and self-management techniques has a significant impact on reducing students consumptive behavior. The decline is indicated by a positive change in students spending patterns.  These findings suggest that a behavioral approach, which includes behavior contracts and self-management, is effective in helping students manage their consumer behavior. This can be applied as an intervention strategy in educational settings to promote better financial literacy and self-management.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGIOSITY AND CELEBRITY WORSHIP BEHAVIOR AMONG TEENS
Authors: Dewi Sartika  , Marhani Marhani , Nurhayati Andi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the relationship between religiosity and celebrity worship behavior among adolescents. With the increasing influence of media and celebrity culture, the phenomenon of celebrity worship—excessive affection for celebrities—has become a significant concern in social psychology research. Religiosity, which encompasses the intensity and commitment to religious beliefs, plays an important role in shaping individual values and behaviors; however, its impact on celebrity worship is not fully understood. This research employs a quantitative method with a correlational design to evaluate the relationship between levels of religiosity and celebrity worship behavior, focusing on adolescents aged 15-17 through purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using an online questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation. The results indicate a correlation between religiosity and celebrity worship behavior with a correlation coefficient of 0.392%. These findings provide important insights into how religious values can minimize adolescents' tendencies to engage in celebrity worship behavior.
EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CHARACTER EDUCATION STRENGTHENING IN THE CONTEXT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN BOARDING SCHOOLS
Authors: Dwi Cahyaningrum Vesti , Hidayah Nur , Hotifah Yuliati , Da'i Mohamad
Published: January 2025

Strengthening Character Education (PPK) aims to shape students with strong character in addition to academic achievement. The implementation of PPK in the context of guidance and counseling in boarding school-based schools is very important to optimize the moral and social development of students. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PPK implementation in guidance and counseling services at SMA Plus Al Fatimah Bojonegoro, a boarding school-based institution. This research uses a quantitative method with data collection through questionnaires distributed to 100 students, as well as questionnaires for guidance counselors and the school principal. The research results show that 37.5% of students strongly agree, 39% agree, 16.5% somewhat agree, 5% disagree, and 2.5% strongly disagree regarding the effectiveness of PPK in shaping their character. Meanwhile, 59% of guidance counselors and principals strongly agree, 31% agree, and 10% somewhat agree with the effectiveness of this program. No respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed. The conclusion of this study shows that the implementation of PPK at SMA Plus Al Fatimah Bojonegoro is generally effective, but there are still challenges in the consistency of implementation and student involvement. Recommendations are given to enhance the synergy between teachers, counselors, and school authorities to strengthen the implementation of this program.
APPLICATION OF EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE (EFT)-BASED RELAXATION TO REDUCE PUBLIC SPEAKING ANXIETY
Authors: Fathonah Salim Aulia Wasilah , Aryani Farida , Umar Nur Fadhilah
Published: January 2025

This study examines the description, implementation, and impact of the Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT)-based relaxation in reducing students’ public speaking anxiety at MAN 1 Makassar City. The study’s population consists of 71 students with high and very high public speaking anxiety. The sample includes 7 students in the control group and 7 students in the experimental groups from class XII IPA 6. This research is a quasi-experiment using a pretest-posttest control group design. The research instruments included a public speaking anxiety questionnaire adapted from the theory by Muslimin & Maswan (2021), the Subjective Units of Distress (SUD) scale, observation, and process and outcome evaluation instruments. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The results showed that public speaking anxiety levels in both the control and experimental groups were categorised as high and very high. The treatment implementation included preparation and problem identification, setup, tuning in, tapping sequence, repetition, and role-playing. The Mann-Whitney U test results showed that EFT-based relaxation has a significant effect in reducing public speaking anxiety, with an Asymp. Sig. value of 0.029 ? 0.05. The decision is that H1 is accepted, and H0 is rejected, meaning that EFT-based relaxation can reduce public speaking anxiety among students at MAN 1 Makassar City
Individualization of teaching and self-learning strategies
Authors: Saadawi Dr. Haneyah Abdullah Seraj
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze strategies for individualizing education and self-learning, with the aim of enhancing the experiences of students and teachers in this field. The research highlights the role of educational technology, including learning resource centers, multimedia, and artificial intelligence, in supporting individualization of education and self-learning. It also discusses the impact of technological tools, such as computers, the Internet, and e-learning, in improving the learning experience and meeting the individual needs of students. Individualization of education and self-learning strategies contribute to helping students adapt to the vast amount of information and the diversity of study paths and courses, especially in secondary school curricula. These strategies help meet students' individual tendencies, abilities, and skills, which enhances the effectiveness of education. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive aggregate approach. The researcher recommended the necessity of integrating individualization of education and self-learning strategies into education, and conducting specialized training courses for teachers and faculty members, to enhance their understanding and application of these strategies.
Keywords: Strategies, individualizing education, self-learning
The use of artificial intelligence applications in training between creativity and conservation gemini.google and chatgpt is a model.
Authors: Elkomy Dr .Mohsen
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence today represents a powerful and effective wave of unprecedented progress, possessing immense capabilities in handling data and linking it to the operational requirements needed by humans in application. The expansion and diversification of automation applications across multiple fields pose a new challenge in the development hierarchy. This challenge increases when used in training and qualification compared to human preparation and qualification based on guiding humans toward each other, whether in education or individual and group training.
Therefore, professionals in the field of education and training may face difficulty in harmonizing with this new entrant between using it innovatively and beneficially for the training process and maintaining professional and ethical reservations when applying it. Here lies the problem of accepting some artificial intelligence applications in formulating the training process from the initial training needs analysis to the final implementation and evaluation. On the other hand, many refrain from using it either out of ignorance of its techniques or objection to its applications, which may someday serve as an alternative to human trainers. Despite the tremendous digital transformation offering several time-saving shortcuts through its rapidly growing and spreading applications, which the field of education has abundantly benefited from in terms of quantity, specialization, or the diversity of tasks performed
So That , the theoretical study in this research relies on the analytical approach, aiming to reconcile between the mechanisms of use while considering the ethical aspect in dealing, to reach important results, which are the possibility of harmony and benefiting from artificial intelligence and the enormous digital transformations in the field of training and benefiting from it according to various creative methods that can contribute to the development of the training process, appreciating the scientific ethical aspects, which non-compliance with may cause some to refrain from dealing with technology and artificial intelligence.
Key words :Artificial intelligence - Training Needs- Expert Systems- Training Methods- Interactive Content- Training Evaluation
MICROELECTRONICS MARKET IN RUSSIA: CURRENT STATE AND WAYS TO OVERCOME DEVELOPMENT BARRIERS
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Romanova Irina V. , Igishev Alexander V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2025

The article examines the current state of the microelectronics industry in Russia, analyzes the existing barriers in this sector and considers ways to overcome them. The research focuses on the analysis of technological backwardness, problems of import substitution, lack of qualified personnel and investments, as well as development prospects under the conditions of sanctions pressure. The authors propose specific measures to stimulate innovation, create a favorable investment environment and form an effective training system for specialists in the field of microelectronics. The article will be useful to industry experts, investors, government agencies, as well as anyone interested in the prospects for the development of the Russian economy in the context of global competition.
A MACHINE LEARNING-BASED MALWARE DETECTION MODEL
Authors:   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician Millionshchikov, Grozny, Russia, Albakova Aminat A. , Maigova Diana D. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician Millionshchikov, Grozny, Russia
Published: January 2025

Every year, malware authors create more sophisticated and sophisticated malware that can harm our computers. Traditional methods based on searching for program signatures are no longer effective in solving the problem of malware detection. It is being replaced by automatic file analysis, which is a more promising approach to detecting suspicious files. Machine learning methods are increasingly being used to detect such malware. However, such solutions may require a lot of computing resources to perform their operations. Therefore, the task arises of creating an optimal machine learning model in terms of learning speed and malware detection accuracy. In addition, usually the data representation method alone is not enough to detect malicious file properties. Thus, this article will describe two different methods: one method is based on the binary information of the file, the other is based on the disassembled code of executable files.
The purpose of this work is to increase the effectiveness of malware detection by optimizing feature extraction methods and applying machine learning. The main tasks of the research include: extracting features from executable files, creating several machine learning models and comparing them to determine the most effective one. The dataset used in this study was collected from various online sources and consists of 12,824 data, executable files in the format.exe files, of which 11,844 are malicious and 980 are safe.
OPTIMIZING CHEMISTRY EDUCATION THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF STEM APPROACHES
Authors:   North Caucasian State Academy, Cherkessk, Shamanova Olesya A. , Elkanova Fatima N. ,   North Caucasian State Academy, Cherkessk, Shapieva Milana S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Grozny State Oil Technical University named after Academician M.D. Millionshchikov”, Grozny
Published: January 2025

The article considers an important aspect of improving the chemistry teaching process through the integration of STEM approaches. The purpose of this research is aimed at improving the quality of chemistry studies by integrating STEM approaches and determining optimal strategies to increase the effectiveness of research methods of the educational process.
The key problems in modern methods of teaching chemistry are taken into account and, accordingly, the transition to the methodology of teaching chemistry using an innovative approach combining the principles of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is highlighted. The main focus is on the active use of STEM approaches. The research was carried out in order to optimize the teaching of chemistry. For a more complete and in-depth understanding of the effectiveness of STEM approaches, the following methods were used: analysis of literary sources, empirical research, surveys and questionnaires, observations, group discussions, statistical analysis. A toolkit has been developed to evaluate the implementation of STEM approaches in the process of studying chemical disciplines. The article considers STEM approaches as an innovative positive dynamic of learning. The application of specific STEM tools to support STEM approaches in chemistry teaching is considered. The importance of integrating STEM approaches to improve chemistry teaching is emphasized. The methodology of chemical exploration is proposed. The term “chemical exploration” in our study plays a key role in the study of chemistry using innovative methods and approaches of STEM. Simulation technology has been proposed for computer simulation of chemical processes and experiments. Examples of simulation models used in the educational process are given. For active learning, pedagogical strategies such as case methods are proposed for use. The advantages of integrating STEM approaches to improve the understanding of the material and the development of students’ critical thinking are argued. The method of “expert assessment” was used with the parallel use of the “3, 2, 1” technique in the form of a STEM hackathon. Participation in the innovative educational process allowed students to enrich their experience, develop practical skills and apply theoretical knowledge in practice. In general, the work highlights the need to improve approaches to teaching chemistry in order to prepare students for the challenges of the modern world and the labor market.
Nature of small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors:   North-Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia, Berkaeva Albina K.
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the nature of entrepreneurship as presented through different interpretations by various economists. It also provides a classification of types of enterprises, including information on the number of employees and the maximum level of profit characteristic of each type. Undoubtedly, this topic is highly relevant, especially given the importance that small and medium- sized enterprises play in the current state of the Russian economy.
Régimen sancionatorio en la Contraloría General de Cuentas de Guatemala
Authors: Marroquin Pimentel Luis Antonio
Published: January 2025

OBJETIVO: el objetivo de este estudio es analizar las implicaciones del régimen sancionatorio establecido en el artículo 39 del Decreto 31-2002, Ley Orgánica de la Contraloría General de Cuentas, y su impacto en las buenas prácticas de la gestión pública. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal dividido en tres fases: (1) fase indagatoria, en la que se obtuvo información de los sujetos de investigación; (2) fase demostrativa, mediante la integración, tabulación y análisis de los datos recolectados; y (3) fase expositiva, que presenta los resultados obtenidos. La investigación es de tipo descriptivo y documental. RESULTADOS: se obtuvo una aceptación parcial de la hipótesis nula: “La estructura actual del régimen sancionatorio establecido en la Ley Orgánica de la Contraloría General de Cuentas provoca buenas prácticas en la gestión pública”. El 26.7% de los sujetos de investigación considera que el régimen sancionatorio, tal como está estructurado actualmente, no contribuye a fortalecer las buenas prácticas en la gestión pública, mientras que el 73.3% sostiene lo contrario. CONCLUSIÓN: la estructura actual del régimen sancionatorio, según lo establecido en el artículo 39 del Decreto 31-2002, contribuye a fortalecer las buenas prácticas en la gestión pública, dado el respaldo del 73.3% de los sujetos encuestados
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Magang dengan Metode System Integration di Biro Kesejahteraan Rakyat Setdaprovsu
Authors: Fadillah Muhammad Rizki , Samsudin Samsudin , Ramadhani Vidya
Published: January 2025

Efficient internship recruitment management is one of the important elements in supporting human resource management, but the implementation of services at the Bureau of People's Welfare of the North Sumatra Provincial Secretariat is still constrained by manual processes, lack of system integration, and low efficiency. This study aims to improve the quality of internship recruitment management through the application of the process optimization method using the Waterfall Model approach. This method involves the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing with the black-box method, and maintenance of PHP and MySQL-based systems. The results of the study showed that the information system developed succeeded in increasing work efficiency, reducing errors in data recording, accelerating the selection process, and clarifying access to information for users, both administrators and interns. This system also proved to be responsive to user needs with appropriate feature validation. The conclusion of this study is that the process optimization method is able to significantly improve the performance of internship recruitment services. The researcher suggests that employee training be carried out continuously to ensure mastery of the system, as well as improving technology infrastructure so that the system can adapt to future needs and support the sustainability of services.
Intervención exitosa de enfermería en el tratamiento de la anemia infantil en una comunidad de Áncash-Perú
Authors: Lara-Bada Judith Alexandra , Oblitas-Guerrero Susan Susan Míriam
Published: January 2025

La anemia infantil es un problema de salud pública que afecta especialmente a las zonas rurales del Perú, como la comunidad de Chacchan, ubicada en la ciudad de Huaraz, región de Áncash. En octubre de 2023, se registraron 42 casos de anemia infantil en Chacchan: 33 con anemia leve y nueve con anemia moderada, concentrados principalmente en el grupo etario de uno a cuatro años. Se implementaron intervenciones de enfermería dirigidas a las madres, con un enfoque educativo y práctico. Las estrategias incluyeron talleres demostrativos sobre el tratamiento adecuado con sulfato ferroso y micronutrientes, orientación nutricional enfocada en alimentos ricos en hierro y sesiones personalizadas para asegurar la comprensión y adherencia al tratamiento. Como resultado de la intervención, en agosto de 2024, los casos de anemia disminuyeron a 18 niños: 14 con anemia leve y cuatro con anemia moderada, logrando una reducción significativa del 57 %. Por lo tanto, la intervención de enfermería fue fundamental y oportuna para reducir la anemia en esta comunidad.
Students’ level of satisfaction towards Diploma in Early Childhood Education program offered at Kolej Universiti Islam Melaka
Authors: Asnil Aimi Aziyati Zahirah
Published: January 2025

This study is conducted to identify the students’ level of satisfaction towards Diploma in Early Childhood Education Program at Kolej Unversiti Islam Melaka (KUIM). This study is also conducted to determine the dominant aspect in student satisfaction. This study involved 262 respondents specifically fifth semester students for Diploma in Early Childhood Education at KUIM. A set of questionnaires consisting of three parts that cover the respondents’ demographic profile, program content aspect and the last past focusing on teaching staff aspect. The data is analyzed in descriptive analysis using the ‘Statistical Package for the Social Science’ software (SPSS) version 21.0. The result showed that the students have a high level of satisfaction towards the Diploma in Early Childhood Education program offered at KUIM for both aspects. The result will help in providing the insight regarding students’ satisfaction and then will help in improving the quality service provided for students.
A systematic review of the contribution of spontaneous focusing on numerosity to enhance children's mathematical development
Authors: Jamil Norly , Ghazali Munirah
Published: January 2025

There is solid evidence that high score of spontaneous focusing on numerosity (SFON) have substantial contribution on children’s mathematics development. Based on the literatures, around 2005 until 2010 most of the studies conducted about SFON in Finland. However a growing literature shows that the six years past the studies about SFON began to spread outside Finland, such as United State, Belgium, United Kingdom, Germany, China and Australia. This article aims at reviewing about implications of SFON within 12 years past with a twofold objective; (i) to describe how SFON related to children’s mathematics skills; and (ii) to explain that SFON predict later mathematics achievement. The studies were identified through systematic search of ielectronic databases and analyzed accordingly. SFON as well as other early maths skills in the earliest years play a role in children’s mathematics successes. Five database has been selected to conduct the search for target articles; (i) the Science Direct database offering access to social science, education and SFON journal articles; (ii) the Web of Science (WoS) service, indexing cross-disciplinary research in sciences, social sciences, arts and humanities; (iii) the Taylor and Francis Online with extraordinary information in SFON and numerosity; and (iv) the Springer LINK database covering education and language, mathematics and social science journals. Literature was collected from 46 articles of alleged journal from 2005 until 2019. Theme analysis was adopted to analysis the data. Based on 14 iarticles that has been reviewed, SFON skill greatly contribute to children mathematics skill and predict children later mathematics achievement. These results truly proving that SFON is a very important skill in early childhood math learning. In conclusion, SFON significantly effects and contribute to children learning in mathematics skill. In other words, children who want to be good in mathematics they should be expert in iSFON. Therefore, all the preschool teachers in this country should pay more attention on learning SFON during the early education of young children.
Application of social skills to children through role-playing activities
Authors: Hasan Nur Diyanah , Zaini Syaza Hazwani
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the practice of role-playing activities on the development of social skills of 4-year-old children. This study has two objectives, to identify the practice of role-playing activities on the development of social skills of 4-year-old children and to find out teachers' perceptions about the practice of role-playing activities on the development of social skills of 4-year-old children. This study involved four samples among four-year-old girls and involved three samples from kindergarten teachers. This study was conducted in a private kindergarten located in the city of Melaka. The research instruments used in this study are checklists, interviews and anecdotal records. The results of this study, found that through the practice of role-playing activities, the application of social skills to 4-year-old children occurs. Such social skills are cooperation, communication, friendship, the skill of sharing equipment with friends during the activity and showing the ability to participate in an activity. This study has implications for children and teachers. Implications of this study to children, they can learn social skills such as cooperation, communication, friendship, sharing tools and the ability to participate in an activity. The implication for teachers is that teachers get more insights and ideas on how to implement role-playing activities as well as learn new and effective learning strategies. Suggestions in the future, this role-playing activity can be used as a learning activity with children placed in the class schedule. Every week should be carried out this role-playing activity because this technique is fun and can help the overall development of children.
The practice of multisensory technique towards reading skills of open syllables by preschoolers
Authors: Rostan Nurul Nabila Amirah , Ismail Hazhari , Mohamad Jaafar Anis Norma
Published: January 2025

Unable to read has a significant impact on language acquisition that can contribute to children failing at school. Therefore, teachers must utilise methods that are in accordance with the children’s ability during their early stages of reading development to prevent them from experiencing difficulties in a formal school environment. The objective of this study was to observe the practice of multisensory technique towards the benefit of children’s skills in reading open syllables. By using structured observation, three children were observed using three different multisensory activities such as ‘sand letters’, ‘alphabet jump’, and ‘tactile alphabet’. 16 open syllables were identified which are ‘ma’, ‘ho’, ‘su’, ‘gi’, ‘pa, ‘du’, ‘me’, ‘ga’, ‘do’, ‘bi’, ‘te’, ‘pu’, ‘so’, ‘ri’, ‘ta’ and ‘la’ by using a checklist item from LINUS instrument have been analysed descriptively by looking to the appearance of children’s reading skills. The study showed that multisensory technique was able to assist in children’s reading skills of open syllables even if they come from different language backgrounds. In addition, this technique helped the children to avoid confusion between Malay and English open syllables with the presence of stimulus during reading activity. This proved that an environment rich with stimulus are important for children’s development. It provides important factors for teachers in delivering meaningful experiences during children’s learning.
The content validity of questionnaire of design of cooperative learning module type matching for Indonesian vocabulary skills of children
Authors: Atma Ratin Wahyu Juni , Bacotang Juppri
Published: January 2025

Specific learning modules related to systematic Indonesian vocabulary skills are limited. This study aims to obtain the content validity of questionnaire of design of cooperative learning module type matching for Indonesian vocabulary skills of children. This study is quantitative with survey method to obtain expert views to the content of learning module design that is; (i) the main components; and (ii) elements in the main components consisting of learning objectives, learning standards, learning themes, learning steps, learning activities and learning assessment. The study sample consisted of three experts in the field of early childhood education. Data analysis using Content Validity Index (CVI) that is if the expert percentage total score of 70% and above indicates that the items on the instrument have high content validity. Findings of the study showed that the design of matching type cooperative learning module for children's Indonesian vocabulary skills has high content validity which is the main component (98.8%), learning objective element (100.0%), learning standard element (98.6%), learning themes element (100.0%), elements of learning measures (100.0%), elements of learning activities (96.4%), and elements of learning assessment (97.3%). Thus, the content of the learning module design questionnaire is valid, that is, it can measure what should be measured. The implication is that this questionnaire can be used as a reference to develop a match-type cooperative learning module design for children's vocabulary skills.
Pandangan Guru Tadika terhadap Aspek Kemahiran Sosial dalam Kalangan Kanak-kanak: Satu Analisis Keperluan
Authors: Abdul Mohamad Albaree , Osman Zaharah , Siraj Saedah , Mohd Arof Norhafizi , Ismail Hazhari
Published: January 2025

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pandangan guru tadika terhadap aspek kemahiran sosial dalam kalangan kanak-kanak. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan yang melibatkan seramai 120 orang guru tadika di sekitar negeri Selangor. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah satu set borang soal selidik bagi menjawab objektif kajian berdasarkan dapatan kekerapan, peratusan, skor min dan sisihan piawai. Hasil kajian mendapati pandangan guru tadika terhadap kepentingan perkembangan kemahiran sosial untuk kanak-kanak menunjukkan bahawa purata keseluruhan item mencatatkan skor min 4.70 dan sisihan piawai 0.504. Ini memberi gambaran bahawa hampir keseluruhan 120 orang responden memilih sangat setuju dan menyokong tentang kepentingan perkembangan kemahiran sosial dalam kalangan kanak-kanak. Manakala, bagi hasil kajian berkenaan pandangan guru tadika terhadap tahap kemahiran sosial kanak-kanak dari aspek interaksi sosial, komunikasi, kerjasama dalam berpasukan, dan kemahiran mendengar pula menunjukkan bahawa keempat-empat aspek kemahiran sosial dilihat sangat membimbangkan dalam kalangan kanak-kanak iaitu aspek interaksi sosial berada pada tahap yang rendah (M= 2.23, SP= 0.959), manakala aspek yang lain seperti komunikasi (M= 2.65, SP= 0.847), bekerjasama dalam pasukan (M=3.57, SP= 0.959), dan kemahiran mendengar (M= 3.20, SP=0.875) berada pada tahap yang sederhana. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa aspek kemahiran sosial perlu diambil perhatian sewajarnya dalam membantu meningkatkan tahap kemahiran sosial kanak-kanak. Implikasi kajian ini ialah kemahiran sosial adalah penting dalam memberi impak yang cukup besar terhadap fungsi dalam kehidupan kanak-kanak terutama yang melibatkan diri, orang lain, dan persekitaran sosial.
Tahap Kemahiran Sistem Anggaran Nombor Kanak-Kanak 4 Tahun di Taska dan Tabika Permata KEMAS
Authors: Jamil Norly , Rohaizad Nor Aizal Akmal , Ghazali Munirah , Yusof Robeah
Published: January 2025

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat tahap kemahiran sistem anggaran nombor bagi kanak-kanak 4 tahun. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kuantitatif secara tinjauan keratan rentas. Seramai 92 orang kanak-kanak 4 tahun di Taska dan Tabika Permata KEMAS telah dipilih sebagai peserta kajian. Penentuan saiz sampel menggunakan jadual saiz sampel Krejcie dan Morgan, 1970 dan Instrumen Tugasan Kemahiran Sistem Anggaran Nombor Kanak-kanak telah digunakan bagi menilai tahap kemahiran sistem anggaran nombor kanak-kanak 4 tahun. Penganalisisan data kajian pula menggunakan komputer dengan perisian SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Manakala, penganalisisan statistik menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif bagi menjawab persoalan-persoalan kajian yang berkaitan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap penguasaan kanak-kanak 4 tahun di Taska dan Tabika Kemas Tasek Gelugor dalam kemahiran sistem anggaran nombor adalah pada tahap sederhana. Namun, menariknya didapati kanak-kanak 4 tahun lebih baik menentukan kemahiran sistem anggaran apabila menggunakan perwakilan bahan maujud berbanding dengan menggunakan perwakilan gambar objek dan titik. Implikasinya, penggunaan bahan maujud masih perlu dititikberatkan sebagai bahan bantu mengajar dalam pembelajaran kemahiran awal nombor bagi kanak-kanak, terutamanya bagi kanak-kanak 4 tahun.
Sign Language Hand Code Training as an Early Intervention Program for Year One Pupils with Hearing Impairment in Ipoh, Perak: A Case Study
Authors: Jaafar Muhammad Atif , Mohd Yusof Noreha , Mohd Nor Mohd Fadzil , Razalli Abdul Rahim , Mohamad Jaafar Anis Norma
Published: January 2025

This study was aimed to investigate sign language skills of Kod Tangan Bahasa Malaysia (KTBM) as the early intervention program for learning sign language skills. KTBM introduced to ensure the communication of pupils with hearing impairments were introduced sign language skills hand code. This study was descriptive in the nature and data collected based on the qualitative approach paradigm. Semi-structured interviews conducted on four respondents, namely teachers and parents of the pupils with hearing impairments. The study showed that teachers argued that factors of sign language skills selected due to support the pupils in the teaching and learning process, easy-to-use sign language and parental fluency sign language skills. The interviewed findings presented on the controversy over the appropriate medium of instruction for pupils with hearing impairments is briefly discussed. This present study suggested that sign language training for the students with hearing impairments should given as early as possible before they were entered Year One to support the teaching and learning processes as well as more options of communication strategies for students with hearing impairments in the future.
Environmental Printing Level Differences Between Four Years Old and Five Years Old Children
Authors: Nor Azman Amirul Azwan
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to identify differences in the level of achievement of environmental print recognition between four years old and five years old. Therefore, this study was conducted based on three objectives, namely to identify the level of achievement of the four-year and fiveyear environmental prints. At the same time, the researcher will also look at the differences in the level of environmental print achievement involving the two ages of the child. The study design used is quantitative in the form of a survey. The sample involved in this study was a total of 60 children of which 30 children were 4-year-olds and the rest were 5-year-olds. This sample was taken from children who received kindergarten education around Tanjong Malim area. The instrument used in the implementation of the study is an environmental print test. The results of the study showed that the level of environmental print achievement of 4-years old children is good with the total mean score obtained by 4-year-olds is 12.27 while the level of environmental print achievement of 5-year-old children shows that they are at a good level with total mean score 14.03. Furthermore, the difference in the level of environmental print achievement between children aged 4 and 5 years is not significant. This is obtained as a result of the mean score for both ages of the child recorded a mean of 11-15 mean score based on table 4.2 and both are at a good level. However, the mean score recorded by 5-years old was higher than 4-years old. This indicates that the results of the alternative hypothesis are insignificant but have differences based on the overall mean score.
Awareness and Needs of Teachers Regarding Dialogic Reading Techniques Modules in SJK(C) Preschool
Authors: Bung Qian Min , Omar Romarzila , Abdullah Ruslan
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to identify the level of awareness of teachers and the needs of teachers on dialogic reading technique modules in SJK(C) preschool. The objectives of this study were to; (i) identify the level of awareness of teachers in terms of knowledge and skills on dialogic reading techniques; and (ii) identify the level of needs of teachers on dialogic reading techniques modules in SJK(C) preschool. The design of this study was a survey study using quantitative methods. A total of 86 SJK (C) preschool teachers who teach in Perak were involved in this study. This study used a questionnaire in data collection. All data were analyzed using SPSS-23 software. The findings from the questionnaires showed that teachers' knowledge (Mean =2.02, SD = 0.530) and teachers' skills (Mean=1.99, SD=0.473) on dialogic reading techniques were at low levels, while teachers' requirements for the construction of dialogic reading technique modules were at high levels (Mean=4.25, SD=0.461), with a score of 0.925 for reliability using Cronbach's Alpha. The implication of this study is that the construction of dialogic reading technique modules is very necessary in preschool SJK (C) to be a guideline for preschool teachers in the process of learning and facilitation (PdPc) Malay Language.
Curriculum Implementation, Teachers’ Competencies and Preferred Teaching Approaches for Kindergarten Gifted Education Program: An Assessment
Authors: J. Leaño Adelaila
Published: January 2025

This study intended to ascertain the condition of Kindergarten gifted education program of Isabela, Philippines. Specifically, it assessed the following: (1) preferred curriculum implementation, (2) teacher’s competency, and (3) employment of desired teaching approaches. Purposive sampling was utilized which involved administrators, teachers and parents of gifted and talented preschoolers from public schools with recognized Kindergarten gifted education program. Method of investigation was descriptive survey through data collection procedures such as interview and documentation. Instruments used were questionnaires, checklists, and recordings. Instruments were frequency count, percentage, weighted mean, and rating scale of four-point ranking scheme with equivalent descriptions. Results disclosed that administrators, teachers and parents perceived the implementation level of approved curriculum as “evident”. Administrators, teachers and parents recorded an “evident” perception level on teachers’ competence in performing their responsibilities. Participants observed the application of preferred Kindergarten gifted education teaching and learning approaches as “evident”. However, reading as an instructional approach was gauged as “less evident”. It was concluded that the management of Kindergarten gifted education program was somewhat favorable, but teaching approaches still need innovations to suit the growing needs of gifted young learners. Findings imply that participants still regard improvement in preferred curriculum execution, teaching competencies of teachers and their approaches in handling gifted kinder pupils. For recommendation, similar study should be carried out to estimate other Kindergarten gifted education program packages.
Improving the Addition of Preschool Children Through the use of Concrete and Visual Materials
Authors: Sia Soon Ping , Abu Bakar Kamariah
Published: January 2025

Children always face problems in addition due to difficulties in understanding the abstract nature of Mathematics concept. Methods which can attract the children’s interest and are suitable to them while teaching addition assist them in understanding the concept of addition. This concept paper aims to discuss the use of concrete and visual teaching methods in the teaching and learning of addition. It is hoped that the use of these concrete and visual methods is used by preschool teachers to improve their teaching and learning of addition in preschools.
Comparative Analysis of Factorial Analysis-Multiple Regression and Random Forest for the Prediction of the Stabilization Time in Furnaces in the Heat Treatment Area in a Metalworking Company
Authors: Hernandez Refugio Chavez , Flores Jose Luis Martinez , Cervera Claudia Malcon , Olivos Patricia Cano
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the values and attributes of the loads in forged rings made of materials such as nickel, titanium and waspaloy in furnaces for their heat treatment and a prediction model on the preparation and temperature stabilization time of the furnaces, and to be able to carry out the loads and start their holding time according to the recipe assigned for their heat treatment. Applying the Factorial Analysis method, it is possible to identify a reduced number of significant factors that can represent the relationship of the independent variables set, as well as a Multiple Regression Analysis and Random Forest that allows establishing an estimation or prediction system for the time it takes for the furnace to operate the preheating and receive the scheduled load. 6,135 data were collected from full loads in 2020 and six months of 2021, the results had a total variance of 64.61%, a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.620 and a Bartlett sphericity test with a significance of 0.00. The study significantly identifies three important factors on the preparation time of furnaces obtained from the factor analysis, which are: the conditions between loads that represent 33.203% of the total variance, the temperature accuracy for the load 18.149% and the exposure of material in furnaces 13.263%. From the factors identified in the Multiple Regression and Random Forest analysis, it was obtained that the relevant variables are: the temperature difference with respect to the previous load, the weight of the load, the time of holding the load and the treatment temperature for its maintenance have a significant impact on the preparation time. The best prediction method is through the Random Forest algorithm, explaining 95.11% of the variability, its accuracy with respect to the mean square error (MSE) is 6.94 minutes, a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 3.1%, while Multiple Regression manages to explain 77.5% of the variability, a MSE of 69.25 minutes and a MAPE of 9.4%. The result of this research benefits programmers to formulate load sequencing more efficiently in the heat treatment area using the Random Forest algorithm, allowing to increase the productivity and utilization of the furnaces.
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Teacher Integrity in the Deployment of Smart Technologies in the Digital Era in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Apie Ewa Moses
Published: January 2025

As artificial intelligence (AI) gains more traction in education in the digital era, questions arise about the number of empirical studies available that have useful outcomes on the protocols for deploying the technology in the sector. This univariate descriptive survey was consequently conducted to examine whether the ethics of AI predict teacher integrity in the application of smart technologies in public primary schools in the digital age in Cross River State, Nigeria. Two hypotheses were formulated for the research. 1,600 teachers were recruited from 16 public primary schools across four education zones of the state to participate. Ethics of AI and Teacher Integrity in the Application of Smart Technologies Questionnaire (EAITIASTQ) was adopted to generate data. Based upon the Value Sensitive Design (VSD), simple linear regression was used to analyze data, aided by SPSS. Findings suggest that user transparency significantly predicts teacher integrity in the application of AI in public primary schools; user accountability significantly predicts teacher integrity in the utilization of AI in public primary schools. It is recommended that a sound ethical protocol on the application of AI in school be codified in documents and made available for all primary school teachers; experienced and skilful personnel in computer and AI operations have to conduct regular supervision of teachers in relation to the use of AI in elementary schools
Willingness to Pay and Factors Influencing the Amount of Forestry Insurance by Tree Growers in Mufindi, Tanzania
Authors: Nyange Riziki Habakuki , Monela Gerald Claudius , Temu Beatus John
Published: January 2025

Forests influence the economic development of emerging economies by providing ecological and social services to human beings and natural systems. With increasing demand for wood products, private tree growers reduce pressure in natural forests by providing services similar to those in natural forests. Private tree growers faced substantial risks due to climatic change. Forest catastrophes were increasing and causing economic losses to the tree growers, while no efforts were being made to address the situation. This study will analyze willingness to pay, perceptions, and factors influencing the amount to pay for fire, disease, and pest insurance. A multistage sampling technique was employed to sample 120 tree growers in four villages which include Ifwagi, Nundwe, Mwitikilwa and Ilasa. The Tobit model was used to analyze factors influencing the amount of forest insurance. Results indicate that 84.2% of the tree growers were willing to pay for forest insurance, age, Income, previous fire, tree species planted, land ownership, and farm location are significant influences on the amount of forest insurance for tree stand protection. This study recommended that insurance providers develop affordable, flexible policies and collaborate with local authorities to create awareness campaigns. Policymakers should also explore subsidies or incentives to reduce barriers to entry for tree growers
Pentingnya Evaluasi Hasil Belajar Di SMP
Authors: Alline Yoriana Putri Jacinda , Abimanyu Aditya
Published: January 2025

Evaluasi pembelajaran di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) memiliki peranan penting dalam memastikan keberhasilan proses pembelajaran, membentuk dasar pengetahuan, serta mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Evaluasi digunakan untuk menilai hasil belajar, memberikan umpan balik, dan membantu siswa serta guru dalam mengidentifikasi area yang memerlukan perbaikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review dengan menganalisis tujuh artikel yang relevan dari tahun 2020-2024. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi pembelajaran mencakup aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor, serta dilaksanakan melalui tes dan non-tes. Evaluasi yang efektif membantu guru menilai keberhasilan proses pembelajaran, sedangkan bagi siswa, evaluasi memberikan motivasi untuk memperbaiki prestasi. Meskipun demikian, beberapa kendala ditemukan, seperti kesulitan dalam menilai sikap dan keterampilan, yang dapat diatasi melalui pelatihan guru dan perbaikan instrumen evaluasi. Dengan evaluasi yang tepat, diharapkan peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di SMP dapat tercapai.