bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological characterization of the laryngeal cartilages of the Bradypus variegatus sloth (Schinz, 1825)
Authors: Silva Helen Lylyan da , Albuquerque Priscilla Virgínio de , Andrade Cláudio Barboza de , Soares Érica Bruna de Andrade , D'Emery Marcela Barbosa , Pereira Marina Cavalcanti , Andrade Gilcifran Prestes de , Ribeiro Apolônio Gomes , Nascimento Júlio Cézar dos Santos , Evêncio-Neto Joaquim , Amorim Marleyne José Afonso Accioly Lins
Published: April 2024

The common sloth, Bradypus variegatus is an arboreal mammal, belonging to the order Pilosa of the Xenarthra superorder. It has a wide geographical distribution in some countries in Central and South America. However, there is a need for anatomical studies on the B. variegatus larynx, as this organ is important for the functioning of the respiratory system and for vocalization. Thus, the objective was to describe macro and microscopically the cartilaginous structures of the larynx of the B. variegatus sloth. For this purpose, 10 specimens were used, obtained after natural death. Of these, six specimens were fixed with 20% formaldehyde and kept in a 30% saline solution tank, being subsequently submitted to dissection and separation of the laryngeal cartilages. In the remaining specimens, fixation took place in 10% buffered formaldehyde with 0.01M sodium phosphate buffer (PBS) and pH of 7.3, followed by the preparation of slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Macro and microscopic analysis were performed. The sloth's larynx is at the level of the first cervical vertebrae, and as for its composition, the presence of unpaired cartilages, cricoid, thyroid and epiglottis and pairs, the arytenoids, was verified. All of them of the hyaline type, being observed in the thyroid cartilage, process of endochondral synostosis. The epiglottis and cricoid cartilages showed different morphology in comparison with other mammals. The arytenoids showed very evident corniculate processes. And the thyroid cartilage stood out in size compared to the others.
Comparative study of the performance of africanized bees managed in thermal stress and thermal comfort in a semiarid region
Authors: Santos Ricardo Gonçalves , Domingos Hérica Girlane Tertulino , Silva Leandro Alves da , Sombra Daiana da Silva , Gramacho Kátia Peres , Gonçalves Lionel Segui
Published: April 2024

In most of the Brazilian Semiarid region, the climate with high temperatures, low rainfall, and high levels of solar radiation are considered factors that can harm or compromise the thermal comfort of bees, especially if they are in a non-shaded environment, thus generating many losses and growth difficulties in the sector. This study aimed to compare the performance of Africanized bee colonies subjected to two distinct situations: thermal comfort and thermal stress. For this, standardized hives containing sister queens of the same age were monitored every 15 days to survey the combs regarding the areas occupied with pollen, honey, laying, open and closed brood until the queens died. Hives under thermal comfort conditions had a larger area of capped brood (20.66 ± 3.81%), significantly higher (p = 0.0106) than hives under thermal stress (15.76 ± 2.62%). In addition, the lifespan of queens managed under thermal comfort was longer (244 ± 71 days) than that of queens under thermal stress (193 ± 63 days), although we did not find a statistically significant difference. It can be concluded that the development of the colonies when they are in thermal comfort presents better performance, especially with regard to the growth of the brood area. Therefore, it is important to apply shading to hives in beekeeping in regions with hot and dry climates.
EDİRNE MERKEZ İLÇEDE GÖREV YAPAN AİLE HEKİMLERİ VE AİLE SAĞLIĞI ELEMANLARINA YÖNELİK ŞİDDETİN BOYUTU VE NEDENLERİ
Authors: Güneş Mehmet , Demiray Gamze , Ekuklu Galip
Published: April 2024

Giriş: Şiddet, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’ne göre günümüzün önemli halk sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Edirne ilinde görev yapan aile hekimleri ve aile sağlığı elemanlarına yönelik şiddetin boyutu ve nedenlerinin belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırmamıza Edirne ilinde merkez ilçede aile hekimi ve aile sağlığı elemanı olarak görev yapmakta olan 90 kişi katılmıştır. Ölçüm aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen 52 soruluk anket formu kullanılmıştır. Bağımlı değişken olan şiddete uğrama durumu cinsiyet, medeni hal, meslek, eğitim durumu gibi bağımsız değişkenlerle karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 90 sağlık çalışanından 57’si (%63,3) mesleklerini uygularken şiddete uğradığını belirtmiştir. Şiddetle karşılaşanların tamamı sözel şiddete, 14’ü (%24,5) fiziksel şiddete, 3’ü (%5,2) cinsel şiddete uğramıştır. Şiddete uğrayanların 44’ü (%77,2) hasta, 42’si (%73,7) hasta yakını tarafından; %45,6’sı hem kadınlar hem de erkeklerden, %43,9’u erkeklerden, %10,5’i kadınlardan şiddet gördüğünü ifade etmiştir. Şiddete uğrayan katılımcıların 47’si (%82,4) şiddetin nedeninin saldırgan kaynaklı ve 38’i (%66,6) şiddet olaylarının sağlık sistemi ile ilişkili olduğunu düşünmektedir. Katılımcıların %23’ü şiddetle karşılaştığında nereye başvuracağını bilmediğini söylerken, şiddete uğrayan katılımcıların 34’ü (%59,6) Beyaz Kodu, 22’si (%38,6) kolluk kuvvetlerini/ adli makamları başvuru yeri olarak belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların 20’si (%22,2) sağlık alanında şiddetin azalması için cezai yaptırımların artırılması gerektiğini, 86’sı (95,5) Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın, 68’i (%75,5) Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nin (TBMM) gerekli önlemleri alması gerektiğini belirtmiştir. Şiddete maruz kalma; cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, meslek ve medeni hal ile ilişkisiz bulunmuştur. (p>0,05)
Sonuç: Katılımcıların yarıdan fazlası meslek hayatları sürecinde şiddetin herhangi bir türüne maruz kalmıştır. En sık karşılaşılan şiddet türü sözel şiddettir. Şiddeti uygulayanların çoğu hasta ve hasta yakınlarıdır ve yarıdan fazlası erkektir. Şiddete uğrayan her dört katılımcıdan biri şiddet durumunda nereye başvurması gerektiğini bilmemektedir. Katılımcıların tamamına yakını sağlık alanında şiddetin azalması konusunda Sağlık Bakanlığı'nın ve TBMM’nin gerekli önlemleri alması gerektiğini ve sağlıkta şiddeti önlemede mevzuatın yeterli olmadığını belirtmiştir.
Using a Smartphone-Based Chatbot for Postoperative Care After Intravitreal Injection During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Pei-Chang , Chiang Wei-Yu , Lo Jung , Lee Jong-Jer , Chen Yung-Jen , Kuo Hsi-Kung , Chiau Jie-Shin , Hsu Shu-Hui , Chen Yi-Hao
Published: April 2024

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic period, it was difficult to carry out regular and scheduled follow-up of patients in the outpatient department, especially during lockdown periods. However, early detection of initial infection or other serious conditions is vital for patients after ocular surgery, such as intravitreal injection (IVI) for age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Objective

We evaluated the use of a smartphone-based postoperative care chatbot system (PCCS) with an instant bidirectional feedback system for patients to self-report postoperative symptoms and signs.

Methods

During the COVID-19 level 3 epidemic alert in July 2021 in Taiwan, the PCCS alerted the patients to report and grade 6 ocular symptoms and signs associated with ocular inflammation or retinal detachment. Patients used the PCCS for 7 days post surgery to assess their symptoms and signs each day after receiving an alert. Data were automatically collected using a cloud computer system, including symptom grades and messages sent to medical staff for further medical assistance. A user satisfaction questionnaire was administered to the patients on the seventh day post surgery.

Results

In total, 185 patients participated in this study. There were 26 (3.03%) reports of symptom grade deterioration (including increased blurred vision, eye swelling, nausea, and floaters or flashes) from 12 (6.5%) patients. We found no difference in the gender of patients who received an early medical consultation. One case of endophthalmitis was reported, wherein an improvement was observed after prompt administration of IVI antibiotics twice. Overall, 87% (n=185) of patients were satisfied or very satisfied with communicating their symptoms instantly through the app; they were willing to use it again and believed that it could improve the quality of care. Seven of the 185 (3.8%) patients had an earlier medical consultation and 1 (0.5%) had endophthalmitis.

Conclusions

The chatbot system, designed for self-reporting postoperative symptoms and providing instant bidirectional feedback on smartphones, could be beneficial for enhancing the quality of care in early medical consultations without gender differences among patients with AMD receiving IVI, and achieved satisfactory responses from patients.
How to Elucidate Consent-Free Research Use of Medical Data: A Case for “Health Data Literacy”
Authors: Richter Gesine , Krawczak Michael
Published: April 2024

The extensive utilization of personal health data is one of the key success factors of modern medical research. Obtaining consent to the use of such data during clinical care, however, bears the risk of low and unequal approval rates and risk of consequent methodological problems in the scientific use of the data. In view of these shortcomings, and of the proven willingness of people to contribute to medical research by sharing personal health data, the paradigm of informed consent needs to be reconsidered. The European General Data Protection Regulation gives the European member states considerable leeway with regard to permitting the research use of health data without consent. Following this approach would however require alternative offers of information that compensate for the lack of direct communication with experts during medical care. We therefore introduce the concept of “health data literacy,” defined as the capacity to find, understand, and evaluate information about the risks and benefits of the research use of personal health data and to act accordingly. Specifically, health data literacy includes basic knowledge about the goals and methods of data-rich medical research and about the possibilities and limits of data protection. Although the responsibility for developing the necessary resources lies primarily with those directly involved in data-rich medical research, improving health data literacy should ultimately be of concern to everyone interested in the success of this type of research.
Dental Tissue Density in Healthy Children Based on Radiological Data: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Reshetnikov Aleksey , Shaikhattarova Natalia , Mazurok Margarita , Kasatkina Nadezhda
Published: April 2024

Background

Information about the range of Hounsfield values for healthy teeth tissues could become an additional tool in assessing dental health and could be used, among other data, for subsequent machine learning.

Objective

The purpose of our study was to determine dental tissue densities in Hounsfield units (HU).

Methods

The total sample included 36 healthy children (n=21, 58% girls and n=15, 42% boys) aged 10-11 years at the time of the study. The densities of 320 teeth tissues were analyzed. Data were expressed as means and SDs. The significance was determined using the Student (1-tailed) t test. The statistical significance was set at P<.05.

Results

The densities of 320 teeth tissues were analyzed: 72 (22.5%) first permanent molars, 72 (22.5%) permanent central incisors, 27 (8.4%) second primary molars, 40 (12.5%) tooth germs of second premolars, 37 (11.6%) second premolars, 9 (2.8%) second permanent molars, and 63 (19.7%) tooth germs of second permanent molars. The analysis of the data showed that tissues of healthy teeth in children have different density ranges: enamel, from mean 2954.69 (SD 223.77) HU to mean 2071.00 (SD 222.86) HU; dentin, from mean 1899.23 (SD 145.94) HU to mean 1323.10 (SD 201.67) HU; and pulp, from mean 420.29 (SD 196.47) HU to mean 183.63 (SD 97.59) HU. The tissues (enamel and dentin) of permanent central incisors in the mandible and maxilla had the highest mean densities. No gender differences concerning the density of dental tissues were reliably identified.

Conclusions

The evaluation of Hounsfield values for dental tissues can be used as an objective method for assessing their densities. If the determined densities of the enamel, dentin, and pulp of the tooth do not correspond to the range of values for healthy tooth tissues, then it may indicate a pathology.
Osteoporoz ve Periodontal Hastalıklar Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Derleme
Authors: Karaaslan Rabia , Bağış Nilsun , Fentoğlu Özlem
Published: April 2024

Periodontitis ve osteoporoz, yaşlanan nüfus için önemli halk sağlığı sorunları oluşturan yaygın inflamasyonla ilişkili durumlardır. Periodontal hastalıklar, ağırlıklı olarak dento-gingival dokulardaki disbiyozis ve inflamatuvar nitelikli bir dizi bozukluktan oluşur. Osteoporoz, artan kırık riski ile birlikte kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY)’ nun ve yapısının bozulması ile karakterize, yaşa bağlı bir kemik hastalığıdır. Bu derlemede, osteoporoz ve periodontitis arasındaki ilişki hakkında bir güncelleme sağlamak için son 25 yıldaki literatür değerlendirilip, bunların mekanistik bağlantılarının, ortak risk faktörlerinin ve terapötik etkilerinin tartışılması amaçlanmaktadır. Sistemik ve alveolar kemik kaybı (AKK) arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen klinik çalışmalarda, 1996-2020 yılları arasındaki 10 araştırma, KMY ile AKK arasında ters bir korelasyon olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Alveolar kemik kaybının radyografik olarak değerlendirilmesi önemli bir kriter olsa da, klinik ataçman kaybı (KAK); hastanın yaşamı boyunca periodontitis prognozunu yansıtan, teşhisi ve evrelendirilmesi için kritik bir ölçümdür. 1995-2020 yılları arasındaki 23 çalışmadan 17'si KAS ile osteoporoz arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Her iki hastalıkta yaşa bağlı oksidatif stres ve yaşlanma, proinflamatuvar doku mikroçevresini yönlendiren ve kemik yeniden şekillenme sürecinin bozulmasına neden olan altta yatan mekanizmalardır. D vitamini eksikliği ve sigara kullanımı gibi ortak risk faktörleri bu mekanistik ilişkide önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu faktörlerin ve aralarındaki etkileşimin anlaşılması, disiplinler arası yönetimi ve her iki hastalığa yönelik potansiyel terapötikleri incelemek için iyi kontrollü uzun dönem çalışmalar yapılmasını gerektirmektedir.
Characterization of The Main Characters in The Kissing Booth Movie
Authors: Septiarini Komang Nindya Dewi , Utami Ni Made Verayanti , Juniartha I Wayan
Published: April 2024

This study conducted to deal with two research method problems which are (1) What are the characterization of the main characters in the movie The Kissing Booth. Qualitative method was used to analysed the data in this study. To answer the first and the second problem this study applied the theory from Halliday (1999). The discussion is focused on two main characters, namely Elle Evans and Noah Flynn. The data source was a movie entitled The Kissing Booth. The data were collected through library research by watching the movie, reading script, and note taking. The result of this study shows that are four aspects of characterization of the main characters. In showing those aspects, the writer presented the picture or dialogue from the movie. There were four aspects of characterization analysed by the writer, there are physical appearance, personality, social status, and social relationship.
Coordinate Clause of Compound Declarative Sentence in CBS News
Authors: Budiarta Putu Thania Auginitha , Maharani Putu Devi , Putra I G B Wahyu Nugraha
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study is focused on analysing and determining the kinds of coordinate clause of compound declarative sentence in CBS News that related to article of education in the past six months. Observation and documentation method were applied for collecting the data of this study. On the other hand, this study applied two methods for analysing and determining the data found, there were formal method to present the result and informal method to determine the data found. The data found in this study was used the theory that proposed by Davidson (2002). For the result, this study has found 38 sentences containing coordinate clause of compound declarative sentence. There were two kinds of coordinate clause of compound declarative sentence from the data source: coordinate clause without conjunction or use punctuation is a comma (4), coordinate clause with conjunction “and” (20), “but” (6), “or” (4), “so” (3), “nor” (1).
Code Mixing in Travel Secrets Youtube Video Episode 40
Authors: Dewi Ni Nyoman Pipin Purnama , Utami Ni Made Verayanti , Putri I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya
Published: April 2024

The study concerned with the code mixing found in Travel Secrets Video YouTube Channel Episode 40. The study aims to identify the types of code mixing found on Travel Secrets Video YouTube Channel Episode 40 as well as to describe the reason of code mixing found on Travel Secrets Video YouTube Channel Episode 40. The data were taken from Travel Secrets Video YouTube Channel Episode 40 on the video “Penjelasan Boy William Dua Kali Gagal Menikah” by applying the theory types of code mixing by Hoffman (1991) and reasons of code mixing by Hoffman (1991). The analysis was done by applying descriptive qualitative and quantitative method with observation method and noted taking technique to collect the data. This study shows that there are three types of code mixing found and three reasons of code mixing found. The study concludes that intra-sentential code mixing is the most frequently used in types of code mixing and talking about particular topic is the most frequently used in reasons of code mixing. By doing code mixing, it is easier to build a sense of solidarity between the host and the guest rather than using only one language and making the conversation more attractive.
Analysis of Three Dimensional Aspects of the Main Character in Frances Ha Film
Authors: Hardiyanti Ayu Fitri , Jayantini I Gusti Agung Sri Rwa , Juniartha I Wayan
Published: April 2024

In literary works such as short stories, novels, dramas, and films, the characters in the film play a very important role in conveying the story. Having a character with a strong personality can make a good impression on the audience and readers. In this case, the role of the author is very important in creating characters that have strong personalities through character development so that they can create a realistic character. This study aims to determine how the author portrays the main character, Frances Halladay, in terms of three dimensions of characterization, by using the character dimensions theory of Egri (1960). This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods, and the object of study is the film Frances Ha, which was released in 2012 and directed by Noah Baumbach. Observation and documentation methods were used in this study by watching the film, reading the script, and taking notes. The results of the research can be concluded that the main character, Frances Halladay, in the film Frances Ha, shows three dimensions of characterization possessed by the main character, namely physiological, psychological, and sociological. In presenting this dimension, this study presents figures and/or dialogue from the film.
DIAGÉNESIS ÓSEA EN EL BOSQUE CADUCIFOLIO DE PATAGONIA MERIDIONAL AL ESTE DE LOS ANDES: MODELO TEÓRICO Y EVIDENCIA EMPÍRICA
Authors: Morales Natalia S. , Barrientos Gustavo , L'Heureux G. Lorena
Published: April 2024

En Patagonia meridional, el conocimiento acerca del modo de ocupación humana del bosque caducifolio de Nothofagus depende de una correcta apreciación del contenido y distribución de la evidencia material. En el caso de los restos óseos, existe incertidumbre acerca de los potenciales sesgos de preservación de los conjuntos enterrados en diferentes sectores del bosque. El objetivo de este trabajo es, por un lado, formular un modelo de diagénesis ósea basado en las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas de los suelos y, por el otro, evaluar sus implicancias con evidencia procedente del sitio a cielo abierto Cancha Carrera 1 (CC1) (Holoceno tardío, SO de la provincia de Santa Cruz, República Argentina). El modelo prevé un decrecimiento en el grado de preservación ósea en sentido este-oeste y en relación con la altitud, con un bajo potencial en suelos de los órdenes Espodosoles e Inceptisoles, intemedio en Andisoles y más alto en Entisoles y Molisoles. Los resultados del estudio macroscópico y microscópico de los huesos de guanaco (Lama guanicoe) recuperados en un probable molisol en CC1 se ajustan a tales expectativas, indicando que los principales factores de alteración lo constituyen la disolución mineral, la actividad bacteriana y, sobre todo, la acción de raíces.
STUDENT VIEW ON THE VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF CIVIL SERVANTS IN RUSSIA AND CHINA
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, RYBAKOVA M.V. ,   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, IVANOVA N.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work is to reveal value orientations, which are a characteristic of modern civil servants, a comparative analysis of the professional qualities of civil servants in Russia and China. Analysis of the ideological views of both Russian and Chinese students receiving education in Russia is of practical interest for the development and improvement of public administration and further cooperation between the two countries. The object of the study was a set of dominant value orientations of Russian and Chinese civil servants. As an empirical basis for the study, we used data from depth interviews with students N Moscow state university. The use of discourse analysis within the framework of the study made it possible to show the relationship between personal value orientations and priorities of civil servants. A separate group of Chinese students was identified. As part of the study, an analysis of the relationship between personal value orientations and priorities of civil servants was carried out; a comparative analysis of the opinions of Russian and Chinese students regarding the personal and professional qualities of civil servants in Russia and China was also carried out, the problems faced by the population as a result of communication with civil servants were considered, the image of a civil servant was analyzed, proposals were made for creating the correct image of a civil servant in within the framework of training students in higher educational institutions in the direction of “State and Municipal Administration”, it is shown how to adjust the activities of civil servants most effectively, as well as improve their perception by the population. The data obtained made it possible to determine directions for adjusting the behavior of civil servants, taking into account their value orientations, which in turn will contribute to a more positive perception of civil servants in the eyes of the public.
PERIODIZATION OF ECONOMIC PLANNING IN THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA BASED ON REGULATORY CHANGES
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, BUSHENEVA Y.I.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the periodization of the development of regional economic planning, the criterion of which was the degree of regulation of planning work in the regions by the federal center and the needs of the regions themselves for strategic documents that allow them to resolve key problems of territorial economic development. The article is devoted to the issues of periodization of regional socio-economic planning. It is indicated that planning is the most important foundation, thanks to which there is an optimal distribution of resources and the achievement of national and regional development goals. As a result of the study, six periods of development of regional planning in Russia were identified: – the period of directive regional planning within the framework of the Soviet economy (1917–1991) – a time of absence of widespread economic and planning self-sufficiency of the regions;– the period of “planning failure” (1991–1995) – a time of widespread independence of regions and rejection of planning mechanisms; – the period of program documents and regional initiatives in planning (1995–2002) – the time of development of strategic plans from below – by decision of regional authorities, initiative regional organizations; – a period of growing attention from the federal center to regional planning issues (2002–2014) – development of standard layouts and recommendations for long-term strategic plans of the regions on the part of the federal center; – the period of formation of the regional strategic planning system (2014–2021) – the time when mandatory requirements and guidelines for regional planning documents appeared; – development of the trend of increasing controllability of regional strategizing and growth of technocraticism (2020–2023) – time to specify the requirements of the federal center for the indicators of regional planning documents. In conclusion, the article presents the idea that over the past decades in Russia there have been processes of growth in the controllability of regional planning through the introduction of specific requirements and guidelines, as well as mechanisms and tools that should contribute to the harmonization of planned indicators of the federal center and regions
RUSSIAN CIVIL SERVICE DEVELOPMENT: EXPERT IDEAS AND LEGAL REALITIES
Authors:   The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, BORSHCHEVSKIY G.A.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to summarize the positions of modern domestic scientists on key problems in the development of the civil service, to assess how these problems have been solved in recent years at the regulatory level, and to develop recommendations for further directions of development. An institutional approach, methods of bibliometric analysis of scientific publications and subject-thematic classification by key (thesaurus) words were used. The method of comparative legal analysis was used to assess the degree of fulfillment of the tasks set in the “Main Directions for the Development of the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation” and plans for their implementation in 2016–2018 and 2019–2021. Some proposals for the development of the civil service institution of the Russian Federation are formulated using methods of legal modeling and thought experiments. Some proposals are developed related, in particular, to highlighting the status of an official as a qualifying feature when adjusting the legislation on the civil service, as well as to extending the status of public officials to all types of public sector organizations. The potential of digital transformation is proposed to be used to fix the connection between the volume and quality of implementation of government functions (powers), on the one hand, and the number of civil service positions and budgetary expenditures for their financing, on the other.
ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON A SYSTEM OF BALANCED INDICATORS
Authors:   MIREA - Russian Technological University, BAKAEV A.A. , SAKHAROVA S.M. ,   Department of Internal Control and Supervision of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Published: April 2024

Priority attention to the Arctic zone of Russia requires new, proactive approaches to state management of the development of the territory subjects, which should take into account not only the uniqueness and originality of the North, but also the maximum satisfaction of the population interests, including indigenous peoples, the business community and their willingness to participate in managing the territory development. The purpose is to substantiate the tools for assessing the effectiveness of public management of socio-economic development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation based on a system of balanced indicators. The object of the study is the state strategic management of the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is organizational and managerial relations that arise in the process of interaction between government bodies, business structures and the population of the constituent entities of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the system of strategic development of the territory. Research methodology: general theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, monographic method, as well as the concept of a balanced scorecard, the theory of the stakeholder approach, strategic management. As a result, the authors of the study proposed a step-by-step algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of government strategic management and the potential for stakeholder loyalty. The author's approach is based on a system of balanced indicators that are translated into stakeholder maps. The principles that should be the basis for the implementation of a balanced scorecard system in the activities of public authorities are highlighted.
Reindeer grazing inhibits climate-driven biodiversity in the Fennoscandian tundra
Authors: Ramirez Juan Ignacio , Sundqvist Maya , Lindén Elin , Björk Robert , Forbes Bruce , Suominen Otso , Tyler Torbjörn , Virtanen Risto , Olofsson Johan
Published: April 2024

Herbivores in the tundra interact with vegetation through several
mechanisms, especially defoliation, trampling and nutrient addition
through urine and faeces. Through these mechanisms, herbivores drive
shifts in plant species composition, richness and diversity. As reindeer
effects on vegetation accumulate over time, they might cascade to other
trophic levels, but how and when this happens is poorly understood.
Since it is methodologically demanding to measure biodiversity across
spatial gradients, an alternative approach is to assess it indirectly
via biodiversity indices of vascular plants. Values from the Index of
Biodiversity Relevance were coupled with vegetation data from a network
of 96 fenced and paired grazed plots across Fennoscandia. We analysed
the role herbivory has on plant richness and diversity, and on the
number of organisms that depend on the vegetation according to the index
values. We also explored how herbivores affect the competitive effects
of shrubs on other plants since the dominance of a vegetation type links
directly to biodiversity. Vegetation richness and diversity did not
present any differences between treatments, yet reindeer had an
increasing effect on plant diversity when testing the interaction
between grazing and herbaceous vegetation. Three out of six biodiversity
indexes were higher in fenced plots indicating a higher number of
interactions between plants and organisms from other trophic levels.
Finally, herb abundance was negatively related to shrubs in both
treatments but with a faster decline in the absence of herbivores,
suggesting that herbivory increases plant diversity and decreases the
diversity of other taxa by reducing shrub abundance. This study
highlights the importance of maintaining herbivore populations in the
Arctic to prevent the expansion of climate-driven biodiversity into the
tundra. The effect of herbivores on ecological communities is not merely
a product of plant diversity but can be quantitatively and qualitatively
different.
The relationship between cell density and cell count differs among Saccharomyces yeast species
Authors: Pinto Javier , Tavakolian Nik , Li Chun-Biu , Stelkens Rike
Published: April 2024

There is a recent push to develop wild and non-domesticated
Saccharomyces yeast strains into useful model systems for
research in ecology and evolution, and for industrial and medical
applications. Yet, the variation between species and strains in
important population parameters, such as growth rate and carrying
capacity, remains largely undescribed. Here, we investigated the
relationship between two commonly used measures in microbiology to
estimate growth rate – cell density and cell count - in 23 strains
across all eight known Saccharomyces species with different
ecological and geographic origins . We found that the slope of
this relationship significantly differs among species. Thus, a given
optical density (OD) does not translate into the same number of cells
across species. We then speculated that this is due to species with
smaller cells producing steeper slopes. While average cell size indeed
differed between species, surprisingly, we found a slightly positive
relationship between cell size and the slope of the cell density-cell
count relationship, in the opposite direction than we predicted. Our
results show that the strain- and species-specificity of the cell
density and cell count relationship should be taken into account when
running competition experiments requiring equal starting population
sizes, when estimating the fitness of strains with different genetic
backgrounds in experimental evolution studies, or when optimizing
strains for industry. If we want to improve the biological
interpretations of fitness data from wild yeasts, and draw meaningful
conclusions from comparisons between wild and established laboratory
strains, we need to calibrate our fitness estimates carefully.
The efficacy and safety of Acetaminophen for pain relief
Authors: Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali , Albuhadily Ali , Abdelmaksoud Eman , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Batiha Gaber
Published: April 2024

Acetaminophen is a non-narcotic analgesic used as an analgesic and
antipyretic. Acetaminophen is used for mild to moderate pain; its
efficacy is low as analgesic as compared to non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as it has no any anti-inflammatory
effect. Despite of its well-known use and safely, however; the precise
mechanism of acetaminophen still enigmatic. Findings from preclinical
studies suggest that the main mechanism of acetaminophen is related to
the inhibition of cyclooxygenase 3 (COX-3) which is variant of COX-1
expressed in the brain. However, the profound analgesic antinociceptive
effects of acetaminophen cannot depend merely on this pathway. Further
findings from preclinical and clinical studies confirmed that
acetaminophen and its metabolites can modulate different signaling pain
pathways other than COX pathway. Thus, this review revises the potential
mechanistic pathways of acetaminophen in relation to its clinical
applications.
Blood inflammatory markers and cytokines in patients with COVID-19 and bacterial coinfections
Authors: Bi Qingqing , Zhu Jie , Zheng Jinju , Xu Qingyun , Chen Juan , Zhang Lei , Mu Xiaofeng
Published: April 2024

Background: Bacterial coinfection in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
is an important risk factor for death. This study investigated and
analyzed whether there were differences in levels of serum inflammatory
markers in patients with SARS-CoV-2 and bacterial coinfection compared
with those without bacterial infection. Methods: A total of 121
inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to Qingdao Central
Hospital from December 7, 2022, to February 7, 2023, were included.
Patients were divided into a bacteria-positive group (61 cases) and a
bacteria-negative group (60 cases) according to whether they had
bacterial infections. PCT, CRP, and 12 cytokines were compared between
groups, and the composition of bacterial species in the positive group
was statistically analyzed. Results: The serum levels of CRP (Z = 3.95,
P < 0.001), PCT (Z = 3.20, P = 0.001), IL-1β (t = 2.90, P =
0.008), IL-2 (t = 3.83, P = 0.001), IL-12p70 (t = 3.28, P = 0.004),
IL-17 (t = 2.22, P = 0.039) and TNF-α (t = 3.02, P = 0.007) between the
two groups were significantly different. IL-17 increased more
significantly than other markers, while IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-α,
interferon-γ, IL-4 and IL-5 were not statistically significant (P
> 0.05). Among the 61 bacteria-positive patients, 27
patients were positive for one species, mainly Staphylococcus aureus,
Haemophilus influenzae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Eleven patients
were two species positive, and Acinetobacter baumannii combined with
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was common. Conclusions: Serum PCT and CRP levels
in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with bacterial coinfection are higher
than those in patients without bacterial infection. Cytokines such as
IL-1β, IL-2, IL-12 p70, IL-17, and TNF-α may be involved in the
progression of COVID-19 combined with bacterial infection. They can be
used as potential markers to evaluate the disease condition and
prognosis.
The Unheard Echoes of Equality: Perceptions of Wealth Inequality in the Heart of Europe and Beyond
Authors: Cervenka Filip , Maialeh Robin
Published: April 2024

This study examines various attitudes to wealth inequality in Czechia
and the broader CEE region and provides valuable insights into global
research on inequality perceptions. By focusing on this, to date,
underexplored region, our research contributes to the current
understanding of wealth inequality at the global scale. The findings
revealed remarkable similarities between Czech and US respondents in
terms of their perceptions and preferences. On average, participants
estimated that the top 20% of the population in the Czech Republic
holds approximately 48% of total wealth, while expressing a preference
for a lower wealth share of around 34% in the ideal scenario. These
results are in alignment with previous research that highlighted a
prevalent lack of awareness of actual levels of wealth inequality
combined with a consistent preference for the reduction of inequality
levels. By elucidating these patterns, this study contributes to the
growing body of literature in the field.
Design of Overhead Ground Wire Repair Robot Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Yang Yang , Lei Zeyu , Yu Bailong , Yang Xiong , Liu Wei , Yuan Maosheng
Published: April 2024

In response to the current issue of the inability to accurately
transport overhead ground wire repair robots to repair points and
efficiently repair broken and loose ground wires, this paper designs an
overhead ground wire repair robot based on unmanned aerial vehicle.
Firstly, the mechanical structure of the overhead ground wire repair
robot was selected and de-signed to achieve information transmission and
collaborative operation of various modules; Then, the dual closed-loop
PID control method is used to control the stable position and posture of
the drone, achieving the drone’s tracking of the robot’s position. At
the same time, the mechanical structure and control method of the
drone’s detachment device are designed to co-operate with the overhead
ground wire repair robot, ensuring the accurate completion of the repair
operation; Finally, a prototype of an aerial ground wire repair robot
based on drones was developed and successfully applied to the repair of
broken aerial ground wires in towers 66-67 of the 500kV Jiangzi Line in
Ya’an, verifying the excellent engineering application value of the
unmanned aerial ground wire repair robot studied in this paper.
Athletes with Meditation Experience Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Mental Fatigue on Endurance Performance and Neurocognitive Functions
Authors: Nien Jui-Ti , Chen Nai-Chi , Kee Ying-Hwa , Wu Chih-Han , Ahn Jaewoong , Chi Lin , Chang Yu-Kai
Published: April 2024

The current study aimed to examine whether athletes with meditation
experience better counteract decline in endurance performance and
inhibitory control-relevant neurocognitive functions caused by mental
fatigue compared to athletes without meditation experience. Twenty-four
athletes with meditation experience (AM) and twenty-five athletes
without meditation experience (ANM) were recruited and underwent either
a 30-min 100% incongruent Stroop test in mental fatigue condition (MF)
or 30-min 100% congruent Stroop test in control condition (CON) in a
randomized-counterbalanced order. Subsequently, inhibitory
control-relevant neurocognitive functions were assessed using the
Flanker task and event-related potentials, followed by endurance
performance evaluation using treadmill-based task. Visual analogue scale
was used to evaluate perceived mental fatigue (VAS-MF) before (T1),
after Stroop test (T2) and after Flanker task (T3), and then VAS for
motivation (VAS-M) was also used to evaluate motivation in Flanker task
and endurance performance. Results indicated that participants in the MF
reported higher VAS-MF score at T2 (p = .001) and T3 (p <
.001), and shorter time to exhaustion (p < .001), lower
motivation (p = .040) in endurance task, and lower accuracy (p
< .001) and smaller N2 amplitude (p = .007) in Flanker task,
compared to the CON. Notably, these impairments were more pronounced in
ANM, compared to AM. These findings underscore the potential benefits of
meditation experience as a countermeasure to mitigate the negative
effects of mental fatigue on endurance performance and inhibitory
control.
Potential planting regions of Pterocarpus santalinus under current and future climate in China based on MaxEnt model
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Nizamani Mir Muhammad , Jiang Chao , Fang Fazhi , Zhao Kun-Kun
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study explores the habitat distribution of Pterocarpus
santalinus, a valuable rosewood species, across China, focusing on its
response to current and future climate changes. Utilizing the MaxEnt
model, we assess its suitable habitat under present conditions and
future climate scenarios (SSPs126, SSPs245, and SSPs585). Our findings
reveal that the current suitable habitat, spanning approximately 409,600
km², is primarily located in the central and southern parts of
Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, as well as in the Hainan provinces,
along with the coastal regions of Taiwan, and the Sichuan-Chongqing
border. The habitat’s distribution is significantly influenced by
climatic factors such as temperature seasonality (bio4), mean
temperature of the wettest quarter (bio8), annual mean temperature
(bio1), and annual precipitation (bio12), while terrain and soil factors
play a lesser role. Under future climate scenarios, the suitable habitat
for P. santalinus is projected to expand, with a northeastward shift in
its distribution center. This research not only sheds light on the
geoecological characteristics and geographical distribution of P.
santalinus in China but also offers a scientific basis for planning its
cultivation areas and enhancing cultivation efficiency under changing
climate conditions.
The effectiveness and tolerability of agomelatine in the treatment of depression after COVID-19 infection in Russian daily clinical practice (TELESPHOR study)
Authors: Medvedev Vladimir E. , Bogolepova Anna N. , Morozov Denis P. , Kvasnikov Boris
Published: April 2024

Aim: Affective disorders such as depression and anxiety are one
of the most prevalent symptoms observed in patients following
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of the TELESPHOR study was
to evaluate the antidepressant effectiveness and tolerability of
agomelatine therapy in daily clinical practice in patients with major
depressive episodes (MDE) post-COVID-19. Methods: This
multicenter, observational study enrolled outpatients aged 18-65 years
who experienced an MDE (17 item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression
[HAMD-17] total score of 8-24) within 3 months of laboratory
confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and who had initiated treatment with
agomelatine. Study visits occurred at weeks 2, 4 and 8. The primary
outcome was the antidepressant effectiveness of agomelatine assessed by
change in HAMD-17 total score at week 8. Secondary outcomes included
changes in HAMD-17 item 10 (anxiety psychic) and item 11 (anxiety
somatic), the proportion of responders (≥50% decrease in baseline
HAMD-17) and remitters (HAMD-17 score ≤7 at week 8), and impact on
quality of life (QoL) (Short Form Survey [SF-36] questionnaire).
Tolerability was assessed at each study visit. Results: The
full analysis set comprised 103 patients of whom 73 (70.9%) were women.
Median age was 45 years, and in the past 3 months 81 (78.6%) had
experienced mild and 22 (21.4%) moderate COVID-19. The mean time from
onset of infection to study inclusion was 2.1±0.7 months. At study
entry, 55 (53.4%) had mild and 48 (46.6%) had moderate MDE.
Agomelatine was associated with a significant improvement in depression
severity with decreases in mean total HAMD-17 score compared with
baseline of 2.6±3.3, 6.7±5.3, and 10.9±4.9 at weeks 2, 4, and 8,
respectively (P<0.0001 for all). Significant reductions in
anxiety psychic and anxiety somatic were also observed. Mental and
physical components of SF-36 were significantly improved compared with
baseline (P<0.0001). The proportion of responders was 81.4%
and the proportion of remitters was 71.6%. Agomelatine was well
tolerated over the 8-week follow-up. Conclusion: Treatment with
agomelatine was associated with rapid and significant antidepressive and
anxiolytic effectiveness, improved QoL, and good tolerability in the
treatment of patients with an MDE after COVID-19.
Implementation and Validation of a Generalized Actuator Disk Parameterization for Wind Turbine Simulations within the FastEddy ® Model
Authors: Gomez M. Sanchez , Muñoz-Esparza Domingo , Sauer J. A.
Published: April 2024

Fast and accurate large-eddy simulation (LES) of the atmospheric
boundary layer plays a crucial role in advancing wind energy research.
Long-duration wind farm studies at turbine-resolving scales have become
increasingly important to understand the intricate interactions between
large wind farms and the atmospheric boundary layer. However, the
prohibitive computational cost of these turbulence- and turbine-
resolving simulations has precluded such modeling to be exercised on a
regular basis. To that end, we implement and validate the Generalized
Actuator Disk (GAD) model in the computationally efficient, graphics
processing unit (GPU)-resident, LES model FastEddy .
We perform single-turbine simulations under three atmospheric
stabilities (neutral, unstable and stable) and compare them against
observations from the Scaled Wind Farm Technology (SWiFT) facility and
other LES codes from the recent turbine wake model benchmark of Doubrawa
et al. (2020). Our idealized LES results agree well with observed wake
velocity deficit and downstream recovery across stability regimes.
Turbine response in terms of rotational speed, generated power, torque,
and thrust coefficient, are well predicted across stability regimes and
are consistent with the LES results from the benchmark. The FastEddy
simulations are found to be at least two orders of
magnitude more efficient than the traditional CPU-based LES models,
opening the door for realistic LES simulations of full wind plants as a
viable standard practice.
Fixed Drug Eruption due to Dupilumab
Authors: Kaneoka Ayaka , Saito-Sasaki Natsuko , Sakuragi Yumiko , Sawada Yu
Published: April 2024

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Does Molluscum Contagiosum Need to be Managed Differently in Atopic Children?
Authors: Andre Nicolas , Alyagon Adva , Jurban Eman , Moscovici Khen , Horev Amir
Published: April 2024

The association between molluscum contagiosum and concomitant atopic dermatitis and its impact on clinical features and treatment outcomes remains unclear. This retrospective study, conducted in the paediatric dermatology clinic of a tertiary medical centre, aimed to compare molluscum patients with and without atopic dermatitis. A total of 615 children with molluscum were included, 13.17% of whom had atopic dermatitis. While the latter group exhibited higher lesion count and itchiness (p=0.026 and p=0.044, respectively), no significant differences were observed in average lesion diameter, ulceration, purulence, and erythema (p=0.239, p=0.730, p=0.682, and p=0.296, respectively). Both groups showed comparable responses to molluscum-specific and supportive treatments, with no distinct difference in outcomes or recurrence of visits. It was concluded that atopic dermatitis does not exacerbate molluscum morbidity, inflammation markers, treatment outcomes or recurrence rates.