bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Illuminating the Dark: Exploring the Unintended Consequences of Digital Marketing
Authors: Wiertz Caroline , Kittinger-Rosanelli Christine
Published: May 2021

Our relationship to technology is deeply paradoxical. On the one hand, we buy and constantly use more devices and apps, leaving our traces in the digital space. On the other hand, we increasingly fear the dark sides of being dependent on technology and of data abuse. Inadequate knowledge and errors make it difficult to predict unintended consequences, and often problems emerge due to deliberate choices to pursue some interests while ignoring others. Hot topics include data privacy, potentially biased or discriminating algorithms, the tension between free choice and manipulation, and the optimization of questionable outputs while ignoring broader effects.

Fighting unintended consequences should get to the roots of the problems. As for personal data, users should get more control over what they share. Further, more transparency can help avoid dystopian outcomes. It concerns the use of data, in particular, by algorithms. The high concentration of power of a few global players should also be watched closely, and societies need to be critical towards their actions and objectives. Even seemingly noble motives come at a price, and this price needs to be negotiable.
The Illusion of Free Choice in the Age of Augmented Decisions
Authors: Buder Fabian , Pauwels Koen , Daikoku Kairun
Published: May 2021

In our augmented world, many decision situations are designed by smart technologies. Artificial intelligence helps reduce information overload, filter relevant information and limit an otherwise overwhelming abundance of choices. While such algorithms make our lives more convenient, they also fulfill various organizational objectives that users may not be aware of and that may not be in their best interest. We do not know whether algorithms truly optimize the benefits of their users or rather the return on investment of a company. They are not only designed for convenience but also to be addictive, and this opens the doors for manipulation. Therefore, augmented decision making undermines the freedom of choice. To limit the threats of augmented decisions and enable humans to be critical towards the outcomes of artificial intelligence–driven recommendations, everybody should develop “algorithmic literacy.” It involves a basic understanding of artificial intelligence and how algorithms work in the background. Algorithmic literacy also requires that users understand the role and value of the personal data they sacrifice in exchange for decision augmentation.
The use of GIS tools in the automation of examining the cartometry of old maps
Authors: Kuźma Maria
Published: May 2021

Using the full potential of old maps requires interdisciplinary research, which allows for a comprehensive assessment of facts recorded on the map along with their features. The author of the article is interested in cartometric analysis. It is used to study one of these features – the location of an object in geographical space. The author describes and evaluates the usefulness of GIS tools in the automation of examining the cartometry of old maps and presents her own tool for determining the general scale of maps.
Evaluation of time availability of the selected rescue service of a large city. A case study of Warsaw
Authors: Sitek Katarzyna , Pokojski Wojciech , Gołębiowska Izabela
Published: May 2021

This article presents the GIS analysis of time availability of the Voivodship Emergency Ambulance and Sanitary Transport Station operates an Independent Public Health Care Facility “Meditrans” in Warsaw. The research focuses on determining the level of service for residents in each district with the emergency service station. In addition, an attempt was made to improve accessibility on the example of three selected districts. The authors attempt to select methodology of planning the location of the emergency service station in order to optimize the level of service for residents.
Regional university between global challenges and local tasks solution
Authors: Petruk Galina
Published: May 2021

Глобализация и цифровизация влияют на все процессы, происходящие в современном обществе, кардинально изменяя картину мира, плотно внедряясь в повседневную жизнь каждого человека, что, в свою очередь, не просто накладывает отпечаток на развитие высшего образования, а заставляет его полностью трансформироваться. Поэтому успешное развитие университета зависит от возможности встроиться как в глобальные мировые тренды, так и в государственные стратегические приоритеты. Данное исследование преследует цель выявления состояния и возможных направлений развития регионального университета в контексте происходящей трансформации экономики под влиянием современных технологий. Методологическую и теоретическую основу исследования составляют работы по вопросам изменений, происходящих в высшем образовании в период цифровизации экономики, основных направлений трансформации научно-исследовательской и инновационной деятельности как основы экономики будущего; государственные документы стратегического планирования в сфере научно-технологического и инновационного развития. В статье проводится анализ научных показателей на примере конкретного регионального университета. Показано, что реализуемый подход в университете базируется на выбранной стратегической линии в сфере менеджмента научной деятельности вуза, в основе которой лежат приоритеты государственной научной политики. Применение представленного опыта способствует более эффективному решению поставленных правительством стратегических задач в университетах. Ключевые слова и словосочетания: региональный университет, высшее образование, трансформация науки, информатизация и глобализация в образовании, тренды и вызовы.
Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioned Serum from Rats on TBI Outcome in Zebrafish
Authors: Iqbal Kisa
Published: May 2021

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and morbidity in North America. Not only does it place a heavy economic burden on the healthcare system, but it has social implications as well, affecting the quality of life of ten million people worldwide. Experimental studies have demonstrated that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) regimens on hind limbs of rats have conferred protection to ischemic-reperfusion injured (IRI) hearts by reducing infarct size and decreasing arrhythmias. TBI involves inflammatory tissue responses that are similar to those involved in IRI, making this a common pathway by which RIPC may confer beneficial properties. This project investigated whether the biochemical messengers released in preconditioned serum of Sprague-Dawley rats could effectively confer tolerance to zebrafish (zf) that undergo a traumatic brain injury. Rats were subjected to hindlimb RIPC, their serum was extracted, and was injected into zf via an i.p. injection preceding a TBI. TBI was induced using a pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound (pHIFU). Behavioural and histological analyses were carried out to investigate evidence for improved outcome after injection of preconditioned serum. Previous research has not investigated the transference of RIPC serum between species or characterized the unknown factor(s) responsible for conferring beneficial properties. If this factor(s) can be isolated and characterized, it may have important preventative implications for individuals involved in high-risk activities such as militants and athletes.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ САМОСТІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ СТУДЕНТІВ В УМОВАХ КАРАНТИННИХ ОБМЕЖЕНЬ
Authors: Ситнік Тетяна
Published: May 2021

Статтю присвячено з’ясуванню особливостей методики організації самостійної роботи студентів під час всесвітньої пандемії в умовах карантинних обмежень. У ній акцентовано увагу на характері змішаного навчання студентської молоді в закладах вищої освіти, що дає змогу викладачеві поєднувати аудиторні заняття з онлайн-діяльністю. Встановлено роль самостійної роботи та її специфіку під час дистанційного навчання, визначено переваги й недоліки окремих видів самостійної діяльності студентів в умовах карантинних обмежень. Висвітлено результати анкетування здобувачів освіти щодо організації самостійної роботи під час змішаного навчання.
Medication Storage Appropriateness in US Households
Authors: Funk Olivia G. , Yung Royce , Arrighi Scott , Lee SuHak
Published: May 2021

Background/Objective(s): Many people in the United States (US) store medications, both prescription and over-the-counter, in their households. They may store medications in a designated location which could pose some convenience for the ease of use and access. However, most people may not know if their medications are stored properly to maintain stability and sterility. The objective of this study is to assess the medication storage locations in US households and evaluate appropriateness for each reported stored medication based on the published literature and drug information databases.
Methods: 195 US Qualtrics panel members completed the National Household Medication Survey about medications stored at home and the number of residents in the household. This survey was a cross-sectional, self-administered, online survey completed through Qualtrics. The reported medications and their corresponding storage locations were categorized based on their appropriateness with moisture/humidity, temperatures and accidental exposure to children. The number of medications stored appropriately per household was recorded based on published literature, Lexicomp, Nature Made and Nature’s Bounty were consulted.
Results: 154 (79%) households completed the survey. 75 (38.4%) households had at least one resident younger than 18 years old. 72 (46.8%) households stored at least one medication on a countertop. Only 28 (23.3%) households stored all their medications appropriately, while 92 (76.7%) households were storing at least one medication inappropriately. 34 (22%) households reported medications that were unidentifiable or no medications at all. 
457 medications were reported by the 154 households. 13 of the households did not store any medications at home. 162-164 (~35%) of the medications were stored appropriately. 52 to 54 (~11%) medications had a moisture/humidity issue, 77 to 79 (~17%) had a temperature issue, and 42 to 44 (~9%) medications had both issues. 23 (5%) medications had an issue with a potential risk for accidental exposure to children, 6 (1.3%) had issues with both risk for accidental exposure to children and moisture/humidity, 8 (1.8%) had issues with both risk for accidental exposure to children and temperature, and 4 (0.9%) medications shared all three issues. Some numbers are reported with a range because certain medications have different storage recommendations based on formulation, so if a formulation wasn’t specified, both storage recommendations were taken into consideration.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that many US households may be storing medications in inappropriate locations. In order to ensure medication stability and sterility and reduce the risk of accidental ingestion, pharmacists should proactively educate patients on proper storage of their medications and signs of degradation to avoid undesirable effects from the medications.
SOLUSI SISTEM PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL LINEAR FRACTIONAL DENGAN TURUNAN TIPE JUMARIE
Authors: NOFRINA PUTRI RAMADHAL , HUSNA RADHIATUL
Published: May 2021

Dalam makalah ini ditentukan solusi sistem persamaan diferensial fractional linier orde dengan turunan tipe Jumarie. Bentuk umum solusi diberikan dalam beberapa teorema. Beberapa contoh diberikan untuk mengilustrasikan keberlakuan teorema.Kata Kunci: Persamaan Diferensial Fraksional, Jumarie, Fungsi Mittag-Leffler
PEMODELAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK MISKIN DI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS REGRESI SPASIAL
Authors: LESTARI AMI , YOZZA HAZMIRA , RAHMI HG IZZATI
Published: May 2021

Analisis regresi spasial merupakan pengembangan dari analisis regresi linier klasik dengan melibatkan unsur lokasi ke dalam model. Pada penelitian ini dibentuk model untuk menentukan faktor yang mempengaruhi jumlah penduduk miskin menurut kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dengan menggunakan analisis regresi spasial. Pemodelan ini didahului oleh pengujian autokorelasi spasial dengan uji Getis-Ord G. Berdasarkan koefisien autokorelasi Getis-Ord G diperoleh bahwa pada data jumlah penduduk miskin terdapat autokorelasi positif. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis regresi spasial menggunakan Spatial Error Model (SEM) dengan parameter Î» = âˆ’0, 723224, yang menunjukkan bahwa jika suatu wilayah yang dikelilingi oleh wilayah lain sebanyak n, maka pengaruh dari masing-masing wilayah yang mengelilinginya dapat diukur sebesar 0, 723224. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas yang mempengaruhi jumlah penduduk miskin di Provinsi Sumatera Barat adalah jumlah penduduk, persentase laju pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) atas dasar harga konstan.Kata Kunci: Autokorelasi spasial, Uji Getis-Ord G, Spatial Error Model
IDENTIFIKASI AUTOKORELASI SPASIAL PADA KASUS MALARIA DI PROVINSI ACEH MENGGUNAKAN KOEFISIEN GEARY
Authors: DINIARI MEILINA , YOZZA HAZMIRA , YANUAR FERRA
Published: May 2021

Malaria adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh parasit Plasmodium sp yang disebarkan oleh nyamuk Anopheles betina. Banyaknya penduduk suatu daerah yang terjangkit penyakit malaria akan berpengaruh terhadap banyaknya penduduk di daerah sekitarnya yang terjangkit penyakit tersebut. Hal ini disebabkan karena nyamuk yang terinfeksi parasit dapat berpindah dari suatu daerah ke daerah lain dan menyebarkan parasit malaria ke daerah tersebut. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antar wilayah digunakan koefisien Geary. Pada kasus malaria di Provinsi Aceh diperoleh c = 0, 513794945. Nilai c < 1 menyatakan bahwa pada data kasus malaria terdapat autokorelasi positif yang berarti wilayah yang saling berdekatan memiliki nilai yang mirip, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat autokorelasi spasial pada data kasus malaria di Provinsi Aceh.Kata Kunci: Malaria, Koefisien Gearyâ€™s, Autokorelasi
PEMODELAN PENDERITA STROKE DAN DIABETES MELITUS DI KOTA PADANG DENGAN MODEL REGRESI LOGISTIK BINER BIVARIAT
Authors: ANISAH YUNARDI DHIYA , MAIYASTRI MAIYASTRI , YOZZA HAZMIRA
Published: May 2021

Stroke dan diabetes merupakan penyakit dengan angka kematian tertinggi di Indonesia. Kedua penyakit ini memiliki hubungan yang cukup erat dan diduga disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor yang sama. Pada penelitian ini akan dianalisa faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kejadian stroke dan diabetes melitus secara bersama di Kota Padang. Analisis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi logitstik biner bivariat. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini diambil dari data Riskesdas Provinsi Sumatra Barat tahun 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan 8 variabel prediktor, yaitu jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan terakhir, status pekerjaan, kebiasaan merokok, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), tekanan darah sistolik, dan tekanan darah diastolik. Langkah awal dalam penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan karakteristik penderita stroke dan diabetes melitus dengan masingmasing variabel prediktor, selanjutnya melakukan uji Chi-Square untuk mencari hubungan antara dua variabel respon. Kemudian dilakukan analisis Regresi Logistik Biner Bivariat untuk mengetahui model akhir. Analisis regresi logistik biner bivariat dilakukan dengan pengujian signifikansi parameter bivariat secara serentak dan parsial. Hasil dari pengujian signifikansi parameter bivariat, menunjukkan bahwa dari kedelapan variabel prediktor, hanya variabel kebiasaan merokok yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kejadian stroke dan diabetes melitus di Kota Padang.Kata Kunci: Diabetes melitus, regresi logistik biner bivariat, stroke
SEMI KUASA TITIK TERHADAP ELIPS DENGAN TITIK PUSAT H(h, k) DAN TITIK FOKUS DI SUMBU y = x âˆ’ (h âˆ’ k)
Authors: FERNANDA YOZA , JENIZON JENIZON , HARIPAMYU HARIPAMYU
Published: May 2021

Kuasa titik tidak hanya dibahas pada lingkaran, tetapi kuasa titik juga dapat ditentukan dari irisan kerucut lain, yaitu elips. Pada tulisan ini dibahas mengenai bagaimana menentukan semi kuasa titik terhadap elips yang berpusat di H(h, k) dan titik fokus di sumbu y = x âˆ’ (h âˆ’ k).Kata Kunci: Elips, Semi Kuasa Titik
APLIKASI ALGORITMA GREEDY UNTUK PEWARNAAN WILAYAH PADA PETA KOTA PADANG BERBASIS TEOREMA EMPAT WARNA
Authors: ZALFA JOFIE MUTHIA , BAHRI SUSILA , IQBAL BAQI AHMAD
Published: May 2021

. Kecamatan-kecamatan pada peta kota Padang diwarnai dengan menggunakan algoritma Greedy. Pewarnaan wilayah yang mengasumsikan sebuah kecamatan sebagai simpul dan sisi sebagai penghubung antar kecamatan yang bertetangga tersebut, menggunakan teorema empat warna yang menyatakan banyak warna minimum yang akan digunakan dalam mewarnai peta. Sebelum algoritma Greedy digunakan, graf dual peta tersebut dikonstruksi dan derajat tiap simpul ditentukan. Pada penggunaan algoritma Greedy, himpunan kandidat warna dan inisialisasi solusi dibuat. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pewarnaan pertama kali untuk simpul dengan derajat terbesar, dengan cara memilih secara sebarang warna pada himpunan kandidat. Kemudian, periksa kelayakan dari warna dengan menggunakan prinsip bahwa dua simpul yang bertetangga tidak boleh memiliki warna yang sama. Warna yang dihasilkan kemudian merupakan elemen dari himpunan solusi. Proses pewarnaan tersebut diulangi hingga semua wilayah kecamatan pada peta tersebut diwarnai.Kata Kunci: Algoritma Greedy, Pewarnaan Wilayah, Teorema Empat Warna.
DINAMIKA MODEL SUSCEPTIBLE INFECTED RECOVERED (SIR) DENGAN STRATEGI VAKSINASI
Authors: MUTIA UTAMA NANDA , RINCE PUTRI ARRIVAL , SYAFWAN MAHDHIVAN
Published: May 2021

Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu cara untuk mencegah sekaligus mengendalikan penyebaran penyakit menular. Penelitian ini membahas salah satu model penyebaran penyakit menular, yaitu model Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR). Model SIR yang dibahas mempertimbangkan strategi vaksinasi, yaitu vaksinasi konstan dan vaksinasi berkala, yang diberikan kepada individu rentan terinfeksi penyakit. Kajian analitik dilakukan dengan menganalisis kestabilan model di sekitar titik ekuilibrium berdasarkan nilai eigen dari matriks Jacobian. Kestabilan model dikaitkan juga dengan parameter ambang batas, yaitu parameter yang menentukan apakah suatu populasi bebas atau terinfeksi dari penyakit. Simulasi numerik dilakukan untuk mengkonfirmasi hasil analitik dengan menggunakan parameter dari kasus penyakit Tuberkulosis (TBC) di Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2018. Hasil analitik maupun numerik memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian stategi vaksinasi efektif sebagai pencegahan dan pengendalian penyebaran penyakit, sehingga dapat mengurangi jumlah individu yang terinfeksi.Kata Kunci: Model SIR, Vaksinasi, Kestabilan, Parameter Ambang Batas, Simulasi Numerik
EXTERNAL DAN INTERNAL DIRECT PRODUCTS PADA GRUP
Authors: SRI HANDANI HESTI , MADE ARNAWA I , NOLIZA BAKAR NOVA
Published: May 2021

Misalkan G1 dan G2 suatu grup dengan operasi biner, maka grup (G1Ã—G2, ~) disebut grup external direct products dari G1 dan G2. Misalkan G adalah suatu grup dengan operasi biner, dan H1 dan H2 subgrup dari G. G disebut internal direct products dari H1 dan H2, jika setiap elemen dari H1 komutatif dengan setiap elemen dari H2, dan setiap elemen dari G dapat dinyatakan secara tunggal sebanyak hasil kali dari elemen H1 dan H2.Kata Kunci: Grup, Subgrup, Koset, Subgrup Normal, Fungsi, Isomorfisma Grup, External Direct Products, Internal Direct Products
The Impact of Risk Management Practices on the Performance of Construction Projects
Authors: ALSaadi Nasser , Norhayatizakuan Norhayatizakuan
Published: May 2021

Construction performance and risk management has been widely discussed in the literature from various perspectives. The main objective of performing risk management in construction industry is to ensure timely delivery of good construction within sepecific budget. However, the failure of many construction projects in meeting deadlines, cost and quality targets is continuously on the rise and there are signs of accentuating year after year suffering significant financial losses of construciton works in Oman. Therefore, there is a need for empirical evidences to explain the relationship between risk management and project performance. This study applied quantitative methods to examine this relationship. Construciton companies from grade excellent to grade second in Oman haven included in the survey. The result revealed that practicing risk managementimprove the performance of construciton project significantly. Based on this result it is essential to hire qualified project managers who has sufficient knowledge in risk managmeent and its main activities.
A comparison of Machine Learning Methods to predict Hospital Readmission of Diabetic Patient
Authors: Dinh Phu Cuong Le , Wang Dong
Published: May 2021

Diabetes is a chronic disease whereby blood glucose is not metabolized in the body. Electronic health records (EHRs) for each individual or a population have become important to standing developing trends of diseases. Machine/Deep Learning helps provide accurate predictions higher than actual assessments. The main problem that we are trying to apply Machine/Deep learning model and using EHRs that combines the strength of a machine learning model with various features and Hyper-parameter optimization or tuning. The Hyper-parameter optimization uses the random search optimization which minimizes a predefined loss function on given independent data. The evaluation on the method comparisons indicated that Machine/Deep Learning models (Logistic Regression, Artificial Neural Network, Naïve Bayesian Classifier, Support Vector Machine and XGBoost) has improved results compared to the majority of previous models increasing the ratio of metrics (Accuracy, Recall, F1 and AUC score) on the same public dataset that is reprocessed. This shows that the proposed XGBoost model implemented in Amazon SageMaker (Amazon SageMaker was a Cloud Computing service) has the best performance evaluation results. This work is also one of the contributions to the global economic recovery in general and the reduction of medical equipment supply for the care and treatment of diabetics in particular during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Analysis of Funding Strategy, Credit Performance, and Banking Profitability. (Case Study of CIMB-NIAGA Bank in Indonesia)
Authors: Buchory Herry Achmad
Published: May 2021

This study is to analysis funding strategy and credit performance, and its effect on Banking Profitability. The indicator of funding strategy measured with the ratio of time deposits with a total of third-party funds (DTPF) or a third-party fund structure (TPFS), credit performance measured by credit growth (CG) and non-performing loans rate (NPL), while banking profitability with return on assets (ROA).The descriptive and verification methods with the quantitative approach will be used in this research. Secondary data sources are from the quarterly published financial statements of the CIMB Niaga Bank in Indonesia of 2012 – June 2020 period, and multiple regression used for data analysis. The study results found TPFS partially has a negative but not significant effect on ROA. CG partially has a positive but not significant effect on ROA while NPL partially has a negative and significant effect on return on assets. Simultaneously TPFS, CG and NPL have a significant effect on ROA. The ROA is influenced by TPFS, CG, and NPL of 71.2% while the remaining 28.8% is influenced by other factors.
The Development of Research on e-Logistics
Authors: Qurtubi Qurtubi , Janari Dian , Febrianti Melinska Ayu
Published: May 2021

This article discusses about the development of research on e-logistics. This study is intended to provide deeper knowledge on e-logistics research development that could be useful for future researches. Literature review is employed in this research. Literature review is conducted towards 20 research articles of e-logistics that have been written and tracked from five online accesses.  It can be concluded from the result and discussion that e-logistics researches still unconnectedly discussed over many topics, leads to insignificant correlation between one another. Yet, it could be still categorized in four main topics, which are e-logistics concept, e-logistics model, e-logistics system, implementation and implication. From all four, the research that discusses about e-logistics implementation and implication are considered as the most studied subject. Suggestions are also provided at the end of the article for accommodating previous researches to be interrelated, in order to solve overall problems.
A developed systematic literature review procedure with application in the field of digital transformation
Authors: Almasri Hamdan , ZAKUAN NORHAYATI , AMER MOHAMED SALEH , MAJID M. RAFEE
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to make a methodological contribution to the systematic review method for business and social science research and to implement the proposed procedure in the field of digital transformation. In this article, we reviewed the systematic reviews found in the literature on bibliometric analysis and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines in several databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science, SpringerLink Journal, and Google Scholar, in addition to systematic literature searches on digital transformation in the fields of business and social sciences available in the Scopus database. We also combined the bibliometric analysis, PRISMA model, and software analysis to establish filters that support authors in identifying relevant literature to facilitate and improve the extraction, visualisation, and analysis of data. The developed method consisted of four stages: research design, data collection, data analysis, and visualisation. The proposed systematic review procedure and its application in the business and social science field provide an effective process. A notable contribution of this study is the inclusion of the developed PRISMA guidelines in the bibliometric standard workflow and the expansion in the use and application of analysis software.
Traceability System on Mangosteen Supply Chain Management Using Blockchain Technology: A Model Design
Authors: Vikaliana Resista , Rasi Raja Zuraidah Raja Mohd , Pujawan I Nyoman
Published: May 2021

This study aims to recommend a model of traceability system in mangosteen supply chain management using blockchain technology. The traceability system model is designed to ensure the acceptance of safe and quality mangosteen by consumers because consumers can search for information about mangosteen supply chain management.  In this study, blockchain technology was chosen because with blockchain technology, traceability and capacity to share information about production processes will be made easier and trustworthy. Traceability takes center stage in organizations supply chain; furthermore, it is a tool in fighting product counterfeiting and protecting brands. Implementing blockchain can revolutionize the way a supply chain works.This research consists of three stages. The first is to identify the mangosteen export supply chain. Second, identify the form of data needed and used in mangosteen traceability. Third, the formulation of mangosteen traceability models or designs.  The results of this study describe a model design how mangosteen traceability is carried out using blockchain technology.
Effectiveness of the Covid-19 Economic Stimulus Packages: Viewpoints from Malaysian Young Entrepreneurs
Authors: Lim Tan-Chin , Phua Lian Kee , Teh Sin Yin , Lok Char-Lee
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of economic stimulus packages of COVID-19 for small-medium enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia, specifically on the young entrepreneurs’ age 40 and below to offer some views on financial measures that should be prioritised and strengthened to lessen the burden of those young entrepreneurs who are severely affected during the pandemic. Data collected mainly from the survey of 25 industry players on their views on the Malaysian government’s stimulus packages, announcements and reports. Analysis of the findings serves as the basis for deriving the viewpoints and reflections of this paper. The result shows that most interviewees welcome a six-month wage subsidy program, bank loan instalment moratorium and company tax deferment. Respondents commented that tax incentives on certain expenses are not as beneficial as that spending is luxurious. Feedback shows a delay in receiving the subsidies by some respondents and concerns on their ability to pay tax and loan instalments in the future when the government lifted the incentives as they expect a longer time is needed to boost demand. From the positive impacts, respondents viewed optimistically the Malaysian government’s stimulus packages and complimented that as one of the best government strategies.
Tourism versus Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Tourism – an element of economic growth of metropolitan cities, entrepreneurs
Authors: Alhasni Zakiya
Published: May 2021

Oman's economy highly depends on oil revenue since it accounts for more than half of all its export incomes. Other sectors like fishery and agriculture are some of other major sources of income that are perceived to have some influence on minimizing the economic gaps of the population while contributing constructively to the country’s GDP. Oman being strategically and geographically located; tourism is thus viewed as a major contributor to the economy and its sustainability. The reason behind this is the fact that Oman possesses great tourism potential in terms of its culture, climate, and natural environment. This research elucidated the constructive economic effects of tourism in Oman that can generate revenues and maintain sustainable economic growth, which in turn can help the country achieve its SDGs.
Towards ‘Free, Prior, Informed Consent’ in Natural Resource Development Projects
Authors: Ayoade Dayo
Published: May 2021

Global demand for natural resources has pushed development projects into increasingly remote areas that are usually occupied by indigenous people. These communities are highly dependent on the natural environment for their survival, culture, and identity with a historically poor relationship with governments. Thus, the concept of Free Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) has arisen as a right of indigenous people to self-determination under international law. Articulated in a variety of soft and hard-law instruments, FPIC has been outlined by the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) 2007 which essentially requires that indigenous people have the right to accept or reject natural resources developments that affect them, their land or territories. This has not been fully accepted by governments. Hence, this article investigates the application of this emergent concept to natural resources developments; and comes to the view that FPIC is still in a state of flux but is nevertheless critical to resource development stakeholders. The article concludes that FPIC is here to stay and governments need to update national laws to accommodate this important concept.
The Legal and Social Complexities Relating to Self-Determination: Internal and External Self-Determination and Obligation Erga Omnes
Authors: Booley Ashraf , Van Schalkwyk Jacqueline
Published: May 2021

It is generally agreed that peoples have a right to self-determination. The right to self-determination for all peoples was enshrined in the founding Charter of the United Nations. Self-determination has been the subject of extensive debate and controversy. The controversy is embedded in the content of the right as well as who can assert the right as it continues to evolve in the arena of customary and international law. Self-determination has two dimensions, namely internal and external. Internal self-determination is the right of the people of a state to govern themselves without any interference, whereas external self-determination is the right of peoples to control their own political well-being and to be free of any alien domination, including in the formation of their own independent state. According to current interpretation, the right of groups to govern themselves is increasingly inter-woven within the human rights ambit, in particular with the rights of minorities and indigenous peoples. The question is whether self-determination has the characteristics of reaching the status of a peremptory norm from which there is no derogation.
Highlights from the Office of the Chief State Law Adviser (International Law)
Authors: De Wet Sandea
Published: May 2021

In 2019, the Office of the Chief State Law Adviser (International Law) proceeded to implement its mandate to provide advice on international law to the South African government and to participate in international legal fora, including at the International Court of Justice, the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law, the Sixth Committee of the United Nations General Assembly, the Hague Conference on Private International Law, the International Institute for the Unification of Private International Law (UNIDROIT), the Hague International Space Resources Governance Working Group, and the Antarctic Treaty System. The Office also participated in international conferences on marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, and international cooperation in the investigation and prosecution of international atrocity crimes. In addition to an international study tour, the Treaty Section of the Office continued its function as the official custodian of the South African Treaty Collection, as well as national reports that South Africa submits in terms of treaty obligations. The Foreign Service Act 26 of 2019 was passed by Parliament on 19 November 2019.
Compactor Felt: Over View, Different Brand Analysis and Comparison
Authors:   Department of Textile Machinery Design and Maintenance, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Bangladesh, SMM Alam , Kamal Prithila ,   Department of Textile Machinery Design and Maintenance, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Bangladesh, Islam Shariful ,   Department of Textile Engineering, City University, Bangladesh
Published: May 2021

The aim of this paper is to discuss about compactor felt, it’s over view, discuss about different brand analysis and comparison. In today’s world textile industry is occupied as a large sector, where fabric finishing and maintain fabric quality is a great challenge. In the finishing section, a compactor machine performs the final task of compaction, heat setting, weight in Gram per Square Meter (GSM), dimensional stability and other property control. To accomplish these important tasks mainly compactor felt is responsible, so it is very important to get a crystal clear idea on compactor felt. For this purpose, this review paper is so helpful. After reading this paper if anyone wants, they can also research on felt properties in depth and work on it to improve felt quality in future, as this paper would provide a basic concept.
Universal Rapid Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Obstetrical Patients at a Suburban New York Tertiary Medical Center: Prevalence and Patient Characteristics
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Medical College, USA, BS Li , CL Grimes ,   Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, New York Medical College, USA, CA Clare ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Medical College, USA, Villafana J Vicens ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Medical College, USA
Published: May 2021

Objective: To report the rate of COVID-19 positive cases among pregnant patients presenting to labor and delivery, and to further characterize the asymptomatic positive patients. To compare the patient characteristics between the positive and negative groups. Methods: We performed a retrospective review on pregnant patients who presented to labor and delivery from April 10 to June 10, 2020 at our suburban New York tertiary medical center after the institution of a universal COVID-19 screening policy. Demographic and clinical data from electronic medical records were collected. Results: A total of 130 pregnant patients underwent COVID-19 testing with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) nasopharyngeal swabs. 14.6% of women were positive at the time of presentation, and among those, 25% presented with COVID-19 symptoms. Among the 130 patients, the asymptomatic COVID-19 carrier rate was 14.4%. More patients in the COVID-19 positive group identified as Hispanic (65.2% vs. 32.5%) and were obese (39.1 % vs.18.7 %). There was no difference in overall maternal profiles including maternal age, gestational age, antepartum steroid use, smoking status. Delivery mode sand adverse obstetrical outcomes (risks of chorioamnionitis/endometritis, need for blood transfusion, or hypertensive disorder) were not different between groups. There was no reported maternal death or maternal intubation/ventilation in our study. Conclusion: During the first two months of universal COVID-19 testing, most COVID-19 positive patients were asymptomatic throughout the hospital stay. Around one in seven asymptomatic patients tested positive on presentation. Obesity and Hispanic ethnicity were associated withCOVID-19 infection among this pregnant population.
Meropenem Monotherapy is a Valid Alternative in Community Acquired Adult Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM)
Authors:   Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institute, Sweden, B Johansson , L Lindquist ,   Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institute, Sweden, J Fohlman ,   Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital, Sweden
Published: May 2021

Background: Meropenem (Merrem®, Meropenem®) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial carbapenem with indication for Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM). We wanted to specifically evaluate the effect of meropenem monotherapy, compared to standard recommended therapy. Method: A Swedish ongoing internet based quality register for ABM was started 1994 and covers the whole country with roughly 30 infectious disease clinics. After ethical approval data were extracted from the database and evaluated using conventional statistical methods (IBM SPSS Statistics 23). Results: The register contained 1708 patients altogether. All 770 patients (45%) given meropenem or cefotaxime/ampicillin were selected for this study. The age of the studied population was from 18-91 with a mean of 55 and median 60. Overall ABM mortality was 12.1% (197/1708). In the meropenem and cefotaxime/ampicillin subgroup 7.8% (60/770) died, p=0,035 and in the non-selected group 14,6 % (137/938), p<0.001. For meningococci the mortality was only 2% and for pneumococci 9% (p=0,025) and are record low figures in this selected population. The mortality increased 1.3 times (Odd’s ratio 1.3, p<0.001) with each decade of life and 1.5 times with each RLS stratification level (Odd’s ratio 1.5, p<0.001). Conclusion: There was no statistical significance in mortality (p=0.67) or sequelae rate between meropenem and cefotaxime/ampicillin treatment. Favourable outcome depends on speedy and correct antibiotic therapy as well as inclusion of betamethasone. Age, RLS and bacterial species, are factors, which cannot be influenced. Meropenem is a valid antibiotic choice in the Swedish population (with limited resistance problems).
Healthcare Tendencies of Insured Versus Uninsured Patients: Implications for Educational Initiatives
Authors:   University of North Carolina Wilmington, Cameron School of Business, USA, JM Magnus
Published: May 2021

We assess health education needs and preferences of insured and uninsured patients, particularly with regard to their disparate use of nonphysician sources of health information. Telephonic survey results of over 14,000 insured and 2,000 uninsured US residents reveals important differences in the general health, tendencies in seeking medical care, and perceptions of the need for and value of health insurance between these two groups. Results also show significant differences in reasons why insured versus uninsured patients may put off seeking medical care, as well as their tendencies to seek health-related information from alternate (non-physician) sources and the role such information plays in their general health and healthcare tendencies. Despite the many “safety net” programs available in the United States as well as legislation like the Affordable Care Act, many US residents still lack sufficient health insurance. Not having health insurance often means a person fails to get needed medical help for chronic conditions, does not benefit from regular or adequate preventive care, gets incomplete or insufficient care, or must resort to costly emergency room visits when they are sick. Practical implications of these findings for health education are discussed.
Percutaneous Gastrostomy for Ketogenic Diet Therapy in Glut1DS
Authors:   Children’s Hospital Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, D-63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany, J Klepper
Published: May 2021

Glut1 Deficiency Syndrome (Glut1DS) results from impaired glucose transport into brain and presents with seizures, movement abnormalities, and developmental deficits. The only effective treatment is a high-fat, carbohydrate-restricted ketogenic diet providing ketones as an alternative fuel to the brain. The potential of ketogenic diets has recently been discussed in your journal [1]. Here we report a 24 year old woman with very mild cognitive impairment, a mild movement disorder and epilepsy. Glut1DS was confirmed at the age of six years by hypoglycorrhachia and a heterozygous pathogenic de novo missense mutation in the SLC2A1 gene (Thr137Ile). On a classical 3:1 ketogenic diet treatment she was seizure-free with significant improved endurance, cognitive and motor performance if blood ketones (3-hydroxy-butyrate) were above 2.0mmol/l. She experienced near continuous absence seizures and also dyskinetic movements if her ketones were below this threshold. However, despite achieving puberty at the age of 14 years, she had difficulties meeting her nutritional requirements because of persistent vomiting. All efforts to improve the tolerability of the ketogenic diet, as well as modifications of the diet, were unsuccessful. Her bone density and BMI continued to decrease and she developed more seizures and abnormal movements despite many nutritional manoeuvres. At a BMI of 15.2 a Percutaneous Gastrostomy (PEG) was suggested. It took three years before she came to terms with this option and following insertion of a gastrostomy her BMI improved to 18 within four months and with no evidence of biochemical derangements as a consequence of her rapid weight gain. Two years following this she remains on a classical 2:1 ketogenic diet with ketones consistently above her threshold of 2.0mmol/l, normal biochemistry, an improving bone density and a stable BMI of 18.6. She feels that it was a good decision, improving her quality of life by taking some of the stress out of meals, providing an alternative route for the delivery of fluids, food and medication, tailored to her ongoing needs. She has experienced less in the way of ictal events or dyskinesias since this time. A PEG is an established option in patients with feeding difficulties and severe cognitive impairment. It is, however, a difficult decision to suggest to a young, mildy impaired woman with high overall quality of life. Our patient, her caretakers, and the treating physicians felt very uneasy with this procedure. However, we felt that it was important to report that this measure improved the quality of life in our patient. We propose that in Glut1DS patients dependent on a ketogenic diet and a level of ketosis that otherwise that cannot be obtained, the option of a PEG should be offered early.
Combined 18-FDG-PET/Contrast-Enhanced CT in the Diagnosis of Recurrent Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Monocentric Pilot Study
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, France, J Tannoury , S Mule ,   Department of Medical Imaging and Nuclear medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, France, E Itti ,   Department of Medical Imaging and Nuclear medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, France, A Luciani ,   Department of Medical Imaging and Nuclear medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, France, H Rotkopf ,   EC2M3-EA7375 Paris EST Creteil University (UPEC), France, I Sobhani ,   EC2M3-EA7375 Paris EST Creteil University (UPEC), France
Published: May 2021

Contrast-enhanced CT scan and 18DG-PET are used in the staging and surveillance of Colorectal Cancer (CRC). We here evaluate the feasibility and performances of systematically combining 18-FDG-PET and contrastenhanced CT whether as a stand-alone diagnostic examination, or as 2 separate examinations, for the early detection of recurrent colorectal cancer. 45 patients underwent 159 planned diagnostic follow-up sessions: 109 (68%) were performed as a combined modality during the same examination and 50 were performed as two separate examinations and acquired at different timepoints. Fourteen patients experienced recurrence during the study period. The sensitivity of 18-FDG-PET and contrast-enhanced CT scan in detecting a recurrent disease was 84.4% and 86.6 % respectively with a specificity of 96% and 97% respectively. 18-FDG-PET and contrast-enhanced CT findings’ were concordant in 79% of cases. The overall sensitivity and specificity in detecting CRC recurrence were 80% and 99% respectively in the combined procedure and 89% and 98% respectively in the two-time procedure. The positive predictive value of the procedure (combined or two-time procedure) for the detection of recurrent CRC was 100% with, however a shorter delay for decision with the combined [7.7 vs. 12.2 days] (p<0.05). The combined procedure is feasible in almost 2/3 of cases. When compared to the two-time procedure, it is performant in detecting recurrent CRC with shorter delay to therapy.
Cystitis Emphysematous on CT
Authors:   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, RT Yehouenou Tessi , H Sahli ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, B Adeyemi ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, R Latib ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, Y Omor ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
Published: May 2021

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare form of lower urinary tract infection characterized by the presence of gas in the lumen and/ or bladder wall. The main cause is diabetes, especially in cases of poor balance or bladder neuropathy, but also in cases of immunosuppression. It is secondary to anaerobic glucose metabolism, which leads to the production of CO2. This leads to parietal emphysema by parietal gas dissection, which can spread in severe forms to the peri bladder cellulo-fat space. Not recommended for diagnosis, the abdomen without preparation may find pneumovesia or pelvic hydroaeriosis. Ultrasonography shows parietal bladder air bubbles with shadow cones. The CT scan shows multiple diffuse circumferential air bubbles in the bladder wall without digestive fistula (Figure 1; Figure 2: blues arrows). The germs involved are aerobic and anaerobic, but especially Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The prognosis depends on the early diagnosis and antibiotic treatment.
Proofreading Experimentally Assigned Stereochemistry Through Q2MM Predictions in Pd-Catalyzed Allylic Aminations
Authors: Wahlers Jessica , Margalef Jèssica , Hansen Eric , Bayesteh Armita , Helquist Paul , Diéguez Montserrat , Pàmies Oscar , Wiest Olaf , Norrby Per-Ola
Published: May 2021

We present a modelling method which can predict the enantioselectivity of Pd-catalyzed allylic amination with P,N-ligands. The Q2MM method employed here is accurate enough to identify errors in enantiomer assignment from literature data.