bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sociocognitive Approach to the Validity of Teaching Assessment Instruments.
Authors: Cáceres-Bauer Roberto Daniel , Luzardo Mario , Morales Pilar Cecilia Rodriguez
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the construct validity of Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) questionnaires applied in a university context. Using a sample of 3,243 students who evaluate 98 teachers in medical courses, multi-faceted Rasch models (MFRM) were applied to control for variability introduced by rater severity and item difficulty. The SET questionnaires, designed to assess nine dimensions of teaching quality, were analyzed for their effectiveness to capture differential teaching perceptions. The analysis incorporated socio-cognitive factors, based on the Central Model of Student Perception (CSP model), which studies how the perception and facilitative effect of teaching influences student response. Results indicate that students can distinguish between specific dimensions of teaching, which supports the validity of the questionnaire, although challenges related to possible perceptual biases and item interpretation persist. These findings suggest that, despite their usefulness, SET questionnaires require rigorous control of external factors to improve their accuracy and reliability as a teaching assessment tool in higher education.
Frequency Over Semantic Richness: word recognition in non-native English speakers
Authors: Dymarska Agata
Published: December 2024

Recognition of a word and its meaning benefits from the sensorimotor information about concepts. However, this phenomenon has been underexplored in second language (L2) speakers who may rely on more “shallow” representations. Using a megastudy dataset, we investigate how sensorimotor strength affects L1 and L2 word recognition performance. Bayesian hierarchical regressions revealed that variables associated with physical sensations (interoceptive strength, motor action) and communication experience (head or mouth movement, auditory strength) produced strong effects in both groups. On the other hand, variables associated with concrete objects (visual, haptic experience) and with taste/smell (olfactory, gustatory experience) influenced L1 word recognition performance to a larger extent than in L2. In L2, reliance on semantic information during word recognition is reduced, with stronger effects of lexical variables compared to L1. The findings provide implications for understanding second language processing mechanisms and demonstrate the usefulness of megastudy datasets in investigating L2 conceptual representations.
Reflection of the mathematical dimension of gambling in iGaming online content - A qualitative analysis: Factors influencing the content policies - Technical report no. 7
Authors: Barboianu Catalin
Published: December 2024

With the previous technical reports, we presented the main insights from the qualitative analysis of the reflection of the mathematical dimension of gambling in gambling-related sites, in its structural, linguistic, epistemic, and informative aspects. In this report we will focus on the factors responsible for the patterns that the content of the gambling-related sites exhibit and the way that the mathematical dimension of gambling is reflected in this content, namely the factors that influence the content policies of these sites. The report will also point to further directions of research-for both this project and for other investigators-for finding the appropriate balance and relation between the commercial policies on the one hand, and the adequacy and ethics of the content on the other hand.
Youth Employment Issues and their Impact on the Economic Development of Nepal
Authors: Sharma Laxmi Kanta , Paudel Vishal
Published: December 2024

Youth unemployment in Nepal is a significant and persistent challenge, posing serious threats to the country’s economic development and social stability. This study investigates the causes, impacts, and potential solutions to youth unemployment, specifically focusing on Kathmandu Valley. Employing qualitative methods such as interviews, focus groups, and document analysis, the research captures perspectives from unemployed youth, employers, educators, policymakers, and NGO representatives. The findings reveal a stark disconnect between the education system and labor market needs, exacerbated by outdated curricula and inadequate vocational training. Economic stagnation, societal biases favoring white-collar jobs, and insufficient support for entrepreneurship further compound the issue. The consequences of youth unemployment are extensive, ranging from lost productivity and skills erosion to financial dependency and mental health challenges among young people. The study emphasizes the urgent need for education reform, the expansion of vocational training, and the creation of policies that foster entrepreneurship and align workforce skills with market demands. By addressing these systemic barriers, Nepal can harness its youthful population as a transformative force for sustainable economic growth and social progress.
Impact of Fiscal and Financial Dynamics on Shaping the Development in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Padma Kumar , Dangal Dil Nath , Gajurel Ram Prasad , Ghimire Krishna Prasad
Published: December 2024

This study attempts to explore the fiscal and financial dynamics of the economic development in Nepal. Employing robust ordinary least squares (OLS) with time series spanning from 1993 to 2022, this study examined the long-run impact of various fiscal and financial variables on Nepal's GDP. Before it, this study pretested cointegration between studied variables and failed to find any evidence of such a long relationship.  Thus, the findings of OLS indicated that value-added tax (VAT) and investment significantly drive GDP growth, while income tax and remittances have no significant impact on GDP in Nepal. The study thus suggests that policymakers should focus on proper channelization of income tax and remittance inflows with VAT and investment for the economic development of Nepal.
جودة الموجودات وأثرها في الاداء المصرفي: مصرف الخليج التجاري انموذجاً
Authors: حسن خلف نوار اللامي  , صبحي حسون
Published: December 2024

هدفت الدراسة الى بيان تأثير جودة موجودات مصرف الخليج التجاري على الأداء المصرفي له ، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم الاعتماد على البيانات المالية السنوية المنشورة للمصرف في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للمدة (2010 -2021). وتم تناول بحث العلاقة بين كل من جودة الموجودات وبين مؤشرات الأداء المصرفي في ذلك المصرف. وتوصلت الدراسة الى ان هناك علاقة بين معيار القروض كأحد مؤشرات جودة الموجودات في مصرف الخليج التجاري وبين مؤشرات الاداء المصرفي التي تضم معيار الربحية ومعيار السيولة، وكذلك هناك علاقة مباشرة ما بين معيار المخاطر الائتمانية ومؤشرات الاداء المصرفي، حيث أن ارتفاع حجم المخاطر الائتمانية يودي الى ارتفاع مستوى الربحية، مما يؤدي ذلك الى انخفاض مستوى السيولة.
Analysis of Biocharcoal Briquette Characteristics with the Addition of Trembesi (Samanea saman) Dry Leaf Bioadditives
Authors: Hidayat Muhamad Farhan , Muhaji Muhaji , Abdullah Muhamad Yunus
Published: December 2024

Biocharcoal briquettes are new and renewable biomass energy products. The addition of rain tree leaf bioadaptive to biocharcoal briquettes can increase high carbon compounds. By adding these materials, it can increase the calorific value and produce better energy. The main ingredients in this study were coconut shells, corn cobs, tapioca flour, and betel leaf bioadditives. The research characteristic test was conducted to determine the levels of bound carbon, ash content, volatile matter content, calorific value, and water content. The results showed that the best composition was BBB 4 with a volatile matter content of 0.921%, water content of 2.0%, ash content of 7.9%, calorific value of 5943 cal/g, and bound carbon of 89.179%.
Numerical study the effect of inlet and outlet ventilation configurations for passive cooling air conditioning system
Authors: Safitra Arrad Ghani , Diana Lohdy , Pratilastiarso Joke , Hidayat Nur
Published: December 2024

The application of Green Energy Technology through Passive Cooling System is the right solution. It aims to achieve energy savings and reduce CO2 emissions. This study focuses on the simulation of room conditions using the computational fluid method. The simulation aims to determine the effect of inlet and outlet configuration against the air condition in the room. The results presented in this simulation are the distribution of air temperature, air humidity, and air velocity. The variations used in the simulation are the air inlet and outlet positions, there are three configurations of air inlet and outlet positions. Variation 1: two inlets – one outlet, Variation 2: two inlets – two outlets, Variation 3: four inlets – three outlets. The results of the study show Variation 3 has the best design if cooling or heating equipment wants to be added, for example passive cooling in summer and a heater for cold weather. On other hand, Variation 1 is the most effective in maintaining the stability of humidity distribution and air velocity within the room. This configuration successfully creates optimal ventilation by generating efficient natural convection without significant fluctuations, achieved using two inlets and one active outlet
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Metode EVA Di Perusahaan Alfamart Pada Masa Sebelum, Saat, Setelah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rizqi Khaerani
Published: December 2024

Pengukuran kinerja keuangan suatu perusahaan sangatlah penting untuk melihat efektifitas, efisiensi serta eksistensi perushaan sehingga diharap dapat bersaing dan menjadi perusahaan yang unggul dalam berbisnis. Di akhir tahun 2019, Indonesia dilanda wabah Covid-19 atau Coronavirus Disease yang menyebabkan penurunan situsi ekonomi Indonesia terutama dalam sector retail. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja keuangan PT Sumber Alfaria Triajaya Tbk yang diukur dengan Metode EVA untuk melihat nilai tambah ekonomis perusahaan pada masa sebelum pandemi, saat pandemi, dan transisi endemic covid-19. Metode EVA adalah salah satu cara untuk mengukur kinerja keuangan perusahaan dan membantu investor dalam memutuskan investasi di pasar modal. Analisis ini menggunakan data keuangan dari Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kinerja keuangan PT Sumber Alfaria Triajaya Tbk menghasilkan nilai EVA > 0 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa PT Sumber Alfaria Triajaya Tbk dapat mempertahankan kinerja  keuangannya pada masa sebelum pandemi, saat pandemi, dan transisi endemic covid-19.
Prediksi Financial Distress dan Kebangkrutan PT Mahaka Media Tbk
Authors: Sucipto Rakhmat Hadi
Published: December 2024

Setiap perusahaan tak berharap mengalami financial distress. Demikian pula dengan PT Mahaka Media Tbk yang sudah menjadi perusahaan terbuka. Meski demikian, perusahaan ini menunjukkan tren kinerja keuangan tak menggembirakan. Karena itulah perlu penelitian untuk mendeteksi company health level, meramalkan kemungkinan bankruptcy, serta menguji signifikansi antarmodel prediksi kebangkrutan. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini menggunakan data sekunder periode 2015-2022. Penelitian berdasar teori financial distress ini memanfaatkan empat Model Prediksi Kebangkrutan (BPM), yaitu analisis model Altman, Springate, Grover, dan Zmijewski. Analisis uji sampel independen dipakai untuk membandingkan ada atau tidaknya perbedaan hasil analisis keempat model tersebut. Hasil analisis menunjukkan, perusahaan sudah masuk zona kebangkrutan, temasuk pada tahun 2022. Hasil uji sampel independen memastikan hanya antara model Altman dan Zmijewski yang bisa memberikan simpulan berbeda, sementara perbandingan model lainnya tak memberikan hasil yang signifikan.
End of the Line: The Effects of Large Passenger Rail Cuts on Local Economic Outcomes
Authors: Chan Jeff
Published: December 2024

Dans le présent article, pour étudier les effets des compressions aux services ferroviaires voyageurs sur les communautés touchées, l'auteur utilise une importante réduction des services, à la fois subie et non anticipée, que le prestataire national de services ferroviaires au Canada (VIA Rail) a imposée en 1990, qu'il transforme en expérience naturelle. Il se sert des horaires de train avant et après les compressions et les apparie avec les données du recensement de 1981 à 1996. Selon l'utilisation des services ferroviaires qui ne représentaient que 1 % des voyages intérieurs avant les compressions, il n'a pas trouvé de données probantes démontrant que la perte de services ferroviaires voyageurs nuisait aux résultats sociodémographiques, économiques et de mobilité locaux. Les effets estimatifs donnent des signes variables et sont largement non significatifs sur le plan statistique. Les résultats de diverses analyses de robustesse correspondent à ce portrait global. Ainsi, d'après les résultats de l'auteur, il faut faire preuve de prudence avant de croire que les résultats d’études d'autres pays selon lesquelles un plus grand accès aux services ferroviaires voyageurs améliore les résultats locaux s'appliquent à d'autres contextes comme le Canada.
Психологічні особливості розуміння назви бренду у формі різних варіантів чоловічого та жіночого імен
Authors: Akimova Nataliia , Chornous Oksana , Varnavska Inna , Akimova Alina , Akimova Anastasiya
Published: December 2024

Мета. Мета дослідження – проаналізувати психологічні особливості розуміння торгової марки у вигляді різних варіантів чоловічих і жіночих особових імен, що функціонують у різних національних антропосистемах, виявити тенденції та закономірності впливу торгової марки на імідж людини. номінований об'єкт і очікування споживачів.
Методи. Дослідження проводилося з використанням комплексу теоретичних (індукція, дедукція, аналіз, синтез, узагальнення, систематизація), психологічних та психолінгвістичних методів (контрольований асоціативний експеримент, шкалювання).
Результати. Встановлено, що в більшості випадків назви кафе та готелів привертають увагу респондентів і викликають відповідні реакції у вигляді свідомого чи неусвідомленого тлумачення. Значимість їх впливу на очікування клієнтів на етапі рецепції сягає 20%, причому більший вплив мають імена у формі чоловічого імені, незалежно від об’єкта номінації. Серед різноманітних варіантів найскладнішими для сприйняття виявилися імена, написані іноземною мовою, які рідко вживаються в українських реаліях.
У 74% випадків для споживачів було важливо, який варіант чоловічого імені використано для назви бренду. При цьому найбільше уваги привернуло чоловіче ім’я в назві кафе, що може бути пов’язано з гендерним стереотипом та досвідом респондентів. Раціональне тлумачення назв було майже без труднощів, хоча найлегшою в цьому плані виявилася категорія кафе з чоловічими іменами. Найбільш послідовним є ставлення до об’єктів номінації з чоловічим іменем у національному варіанті, написаним кирилицею, а також фірмовими назвами у формі екзотичного жіночого імені. Примітно, що кафе та готелі з назвами у вигляді різних імен зазвичай сприймаються позитивно, але найбільш привабливими є кафе з жіночими та чоловічими іменами.Висновки. Обираючи назву для готелю чи кафе, варто звернути увагу на невдалі моделі побудови назви, оскільки одні з них можуть бути надто складними та викликати суперечливе тлумачення, а інші можуть бути недостатньо зрозумілими для споживача через брак досвіду і креативності. Варто також зазначити, що написання назви кирилицею або латиницею суттєво не впливає на привабливість об’єкта номінації, але найкращими поєднаннями в запропонованому дослідженні виявилися готелі з оригінальним чоловічим або традиційним жіночим ім’ям, написаним латиницею. Важливо також відзначити, що найбільш однорідною є реакція на кафе з чоловічими та жіночими іменами, тому ми вважаємо ці моделі неймінгу найбільш вдалими. За умови активізації рецепції найефективнішим є називання рідною мовою. Проте, враховуючи те, що ми виявили якісно різні очікування від об’єктів з англійським та українським варіантами назви, ми вважаємо конструктивним враховувати очікування споживачів при виборі мови для назви бренду.
Violence Metaphors as Image-Making Device for CEO in Business Media Discourse: Corpus Analysis
Authors: Dovbnya Oleksii , Chrdileli Tetiana
Published: December 2024

Introduction. This study delves into the utilization of conceptual metaphors with the source domain VIOLENCE in business media discourse, particularly focusing on their role in crafting the public persona Elon Musk. It aims to dissect how metaphorical collocations influence perception and cognition, thereby affecting image formation. The conceptual metaphor theory, corpus analysis and the psycholinguistic lexical priming theory serve as the basis for this research effort.
The purposes of this research are threefold: 1) to employ corpus linguistics techniques for a detailed analysis of a large corpus of media texts on Elon Musk in order to identify and quantify violence-related conceptual metaphors; 2) to scrutinize the role these metaphors play in the formation of Elon Musk's public image; and 3) to assess the psychological priming effect of such metaphorical collocations.
Methods and procedure of research. Using a corpus-based approach, this study analyzes an extensive corpus of 2,537,872 tokens sourced from various media outlets. The corpus is analyzed using the AntConc software, focusing on metaphorical collocations within the VIOLENCE source domain. The analysis is guided by the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) and involves corpus-based techniques for detecting metaphorical language.
Results. The analysis unveils that violence-related metaphorical collocations with such terms as "fire", "battle", "slam", "hostile", "blast", "defend", "clash", and "lash" are prevalent in the depiction of Elon Musk. Based on the collocation analysis, four overarching conceptual metaphors have been identified: ARGUMENT IS WAR, DIFFICULTY IN ACTION IS PHYSICAL COMBAT, ANTAGONISTIC COMMUNICATION IS LOW-LEVEL PHYSICAL AGGRESSION, and ANGRY BUSINESS BEHAVIOR IS AGGRESSIVE ANIMAL BEHAVIOR.    
Conclusions. The study shows the significant role of violence-themed metaphors in constructing a narrative of confrontation and aggression around Elon Musk. The research underscores the need for further exploration into the impact of metaphorical language on image formation in business media discourse.
Pragmatic Failures in Intercultural Communication: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman , Abu Hasheish Marwa , Hamaydeh Dana
Published: December 2024

Aim. This paper investigates the pragmatic errors of Jordanian EFL learners from a cultural perspective on communication. It is suggested that pragmatics, or the study of how language is used in context, plays a crucial role in L2 learners’ communicative skills. Thus, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the lack of pragmatic competence can lead to communication breakdowns and pragmatic failure. In this study, the researchers examine the pragmatic errors such as misunderstandings produced by these learners.
Method. A qualitative approach was employed, the data were collected from conversations between teacher and Jordanian students and informal conversation through a focus group discussion taking place inside classrooms. The data were analyzed qualitatively in light of Austin’s (1962) Speech Act Theory, categorizing the data into direct and indirect speech act, and Brown & Levinson’s (1987) Politeness Theory, by determining the category of politeness -positive, negative, off-record, bald-on record or Not Applicable- for each speech act.
Results. The results showed that despite having a strong grasp of English grammar rules, without effective communication skills in English, EFL learners may struggle to interact with native speakers and fully participate in social and professional interactions. Learners with greater exposure to cultural materials and interactions with native speakers demonstrated fewer pragmatic errors. A recurrent theme in the data was also the learners’ struggle with indirect speech acts. The main contribution of this paper is that it explores how pragmatic failure hinders message interpretation and obstructs communication.
Innovando en Empresariedad
Authors: Godoy Martínez Francisco Javier , Cea Esteruelas María Nereida , Marín Dueñas Pedro Pablo
Published: December 2024

Este monográfico explora las innovaciones que están redefiniendo la "empresariedad", centrado en el emprendimiento, la sostenibilidad, la digitalización y las dinámicas laborales. Se destaca el papel de las nuevas generaciones, como los Millennials y la Generación Z, que impulsan el emprendimiento con un enfoque en la sostenibilidad y la responsabilidad social, a pesar de los retos en habilidades blandas y recursos. El emprendimiento cultural emerge como un área clave, integrando creatividad y nuevas tecnologías, mientras que la sostenibilidad se convierte en un pilar fundamental para las empresas, especialmente en las PYMES. La digitalización, mediante el uso de big data y business intelligence, está transformando la gestión empresarial, aunque persiste la brecha digital. Además, la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) y los ODS son temas de gran relevancia. Finalmente, el monográfico aborda la transformación laboral, destacando el teletrabajo y el bienestar psicológico en entornos virtuales. Se invita a reflexionar sobre cómo las empresas pueden ser agentes de cambio.
Innovando en la redefinición de la relación entre el ser humano y su entorno
Authors: Martínez Sala Alba María , Sacaluga Rodríguez Ignacio , De la Paz Elez Pedro
Published: December 2024

Este monográfico explora cómo las innovaciones sociales, tecnológicas y políticas están redefiniendo la relación entre el ser humano y su entorno natural, con un enfoque en sostenibilidad y resiliencia. Analiza temas como el impacto del cambio climático en comunidades vulnerables, los movimientos migratorios relacionados con desastres naturales y la escasez de recursos. Se aborda la gestión sostenible del agua y los recursos naturales, y cómo las tecnologías emergentes pueden mejorar la eficiencia en su distribución. La educación ambiental juega un papel clave, promoviendo la conciencia ecológica a través de metodologías pedagógicas innovadoras. También se examinan la arquitectura y el urbanismo sostenible, con proyectos que fomentan entornos urbanos resilientes y saludables. Además, se explora el turismo sostenible, buscando modelos que respeten el medio ambiente y beneficien a las comunidades locales. Este monográfico invita a reflexionar sobre cómo la innovación puede contribuir a una convivencia armoniosa y responsable con la Tierra.
Innovando en Salud y Sanidad
Authors: Mejías Martínez Guillermo , Fernández Morilla Mónica , Zamorano González Benito
Published: December 2024

Este monográfico explora cómo la innovación está transformando la salud y la sanidad, enfocándose en la mejora de la formación de los profesionales de la salud, el enfoque de género, la inteligencia artificial y la salud de los trabajadores. Se destaca la importancia de integrar las ciencias humanísticas en la educación de los sanitarios para mejorar la comunicación con los pacientes y el enfoque humanista en la atención. Además, la IA está revolucionando los diagnósticos y tratamientos, optimizando recursos y mejorando la comunicación en salud. El monográfico también aborda el impacto de la desinformación y la necesidad de estrategias innovadoras en la formación y prevención de enfermedades laborales. Además, se enfoca en la investigación sobre enfermedades crónicas y la personalización de tratamientos. La bioética, especialmente en situaciones de crisis, es otro tema clave. El monográfico invita a presentar investigaciones que mejoren la eficiencia y la equidad en el acceso a los servicios de salud.
Innovando en Tecnologías de Vanguardia
Authors: González Rivero María del Carmen , Fernández Hernández Ruth , Cruz Cruz Purificación
Published: December 2024

Este monográfico explora el impacto de las tecnologías de vanguardia en diversos sectores como la educación, la industria y la comunicación. Se enfoca en aplicaciones emergentes de la inteligencia artificial, la robótica educativa, la realidad aumentada (AR), la ciberseguridad, el metaverso y las tecnologías para la sostenibilidad. La inteligencia artificial está transformando campos como el diseño gráfico y la creación audiovisual, mientras que la realidad aumentada ofrece nuevas formas de aprendizaje e interacción en educación y marketing. La robótica educativa promueve habilidades tecnológicas en estudiantes, y la ciberseguridad es esencial para proteger los sistemas de datos, especialmente en MiPymes. También se aborda el metaverso y su impacto en la experiencia digital, así como el uso de tecnologías para la sostenibilidad, como la optimización del consumo de agua y la movilidad sostenible. El monográfico invita a reflexionar sobre cómo estas innovaciones están cambiando la sociedad y mejorando la eficiencia en diversos campos.
On the estimate of the stellar wind velocity of the massive components in X-ray binary systems
Authors:   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo,   The Institute of Applied Astronomy of the RAS, Ikhsanov N.R. , Kim V.Yu. ,   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo,   Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Beskrovnaya N.G. ,   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo
Published: December 2024

We discuss manifestations of the wind-fed accreting pulsars in the massive X-ray binary systems. We point out that the X-ray luminosity of a pulsar in this case depends on the mass capture rate by a neutron star from the wind of its massive component. The key parameter constraining the mass capture rate is the relative velocity of the neutron star with respect to the wind outflowing in the orbital plane of the binary system. We show that the observed luminosity of the X-ray pulsars in these systems can be explained under condition that the velocity of stellar wind of the massive component in the orbital plane of the system does not exceed 1000 km/s, while the mean value in most cases is in the interval 300–600 km/s.
Preliminary analysis of the annual component of the polar motion over 180-year data interval
Authors:   Central Astronomical Observatory at Pulkovo of RAS, Miller N.O. , Malkin Z.M. ,   Central Astronomical Observatory at Pulkovo of RAS
Published: December 2024

The paper presents preliminary results of studying variations in the annual component in the Earth’s polar motion. For this purpose, a signal with an annual period was extracted, firstly, from the series of pole coordinates of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS), and secondly, from the combined series of Pulkovo latitude variations for 1840–2017. For this purpose, one-dimensional and multidimensional singular spectrum analysis was used. The Hilbert transform was used to calculate the change in the amplitude and phase of the annual oscillation over time. As a result, it turned out that over an interval of about 180 years, an almost monotonic increase in the amplitude of the annual oscillation from ≈60 mas to ≈90 mas and an almost monotonic phase shift of ≈45◦ are observed. A correlation was also found between the amplitude of the annual component and the difference in average temperatures from November to March in the northern and southern hemispheres.
Atomistic simulation of paratellurite α-teo2 crystal: i. Defects and ionic transport
Authors: Ivanov-Schitz A. K.
Published: December 2024

The structure and defects of α-TeO2 paratellurite crystals have been studied using computer modeling. It has been shown that in α-TeO2 the preferred point defects are oxygen vacancies and interstitial oxygen ions. Oxygen vacancies can be either isolated or form complex clusters. It is energetically most favorable for interstitial oxygen ions to be located in channels that penetrate the paratellurite structure along the c-axis. The origin of possible oxygen–ion transport in α-TeO2 is discussed.
A survey and outline taxonomy of the Phragmidium mucronatum (Pucciniales) and related species inhabiting roses in the European part of Russia
Authors: Malysheva V. F. , Dudka V. A. , Malysheva E. F. , Kapelyan A. I.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a detailed survey of cultivated roses growing in the European territory of Russia for their infestation by fungi of the genus Phragmidium causing rose rust disease. The main study area was the rose garden of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden of BIN RAS (St. Petersburg). A total of five wild species and 43 varieties of roses from seven garden groups were studied. As a result of morphological analysis of affected plant parts, detailed microscopy (using light and scanning electron microscopes) of collected fungal specimens and analysis of DNA data, four species of the genus (Phragmidium mucronatum, P. fusiforme, P. tuberculatum, and P. rosae- pimpinellifoliae) were identified. Interestingly, all identified species appeared to belong to the group of morphologically similar species from the P. mucronatum complex. During the study, the nucleotide sequences of ITS for P. fusiforme, P. mucronatum, and P. rosae- pimpinellifoliae and LSU for P. rosae-pimpinellifoliae, previously missing from databases, were obtained for the first time. Refined morphological descriptions and illustrations of macro- and microstructures are provided for all Phragmidium species studied. To compare the studied species with other representatives of the genus and to determine their phylogenetic position, phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and LSU sequences was performed.
Microalgae from eroded soils in the northern Fergana valley, Uzbekistan
Authors: Tukhtaboeva Yu. А. , Krivina Е. S. , Red’kina V. V. , Temraleeva А. D.
Published: December 2024

For the first time, the cultivated diversity of microalgae in eroded soils in the northern part of the Fergana Valley in Uzbekistan has been studied based on both morphological and molecular genetic analysis. Ten strains of green microalgae (Chlorophyta) and one Charophyta strain were revealed. Only seven strains could be identified at the species level: Chlorella vulgaris, Chromochloris zofingiensis, Deuterostichococcus epilithicus, Pseudomuriella schumacherensis, and Pseudostichococcus monallantoides. Another four strains were identified only at the genus level and require further study: Bracteacoccus sp., Chlorosarcinopsis sp., Klebsormidium sp., and Tetratostichococcus sp. The low species diversity in the microalgae is likely due to both the low fertility of the eroded soils on the slopes, and the limitations of the culture-based approach that only reveals a fraction of the overall microbial diversity. Microalgal colonization of eroded soils in the arid foothill zone can be facilitated by various adaptations, such as small cell size and the production of extracellular polysaccharides, mycosporine-like aminoacids, and secondary carotenoids. The present work may contribute to the further development of highly functional microalgae-based consortia, which can lead to improvements and sustainable development of low-productivity, arid, and degraded terrestrial ecosystems.
Radial growth of Pinus sylvestris L. in island bores of Northern Kazakhstan in the context of climate and geomorphological conditions
Authors: Gurskaya M. A. , Agafonov L. I. , Kukarskih V. V. , Surkov A. Y. , Chen Feng
Published: December 2024

Tree-ring chronologies based on the width of the annual ring of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) were studied at 8 test sites in island forests in the north of the Republic of Kazakhstan from the Turgai trough to the eastern part of the Kazakh small hills. An analysis of the relationships between the radial growth of pine and climate showed that the climate signal in chronologies can change depending on geomorphological conditions determined by the edaphic factor, relief and absolute elevations. These features must be taken into account when using tree-ring chronologies for spatiotemporal climate reconstructions.
On modeling of nonlinear dynamics of an electron beam in a plasma microwave amplifier
Authors: Kartashov I. N. , Kuzelev M. V.
Published: December 2024

The problem of signal amplification in a plasma microwave amplifier is considered in the linear approximation and with allowance for nonlinear effects leading to saturation of instability. The solutions of the exact dispersion equation and an approximate dispersion equation used in calculation of parameters of plasma microwave amplifiers are compared. It is shown that the solutions of these equations in the region of high frequencies are significantly different. Nonlinear dynamics of beam–plasma instability in plasma microwave amplifiers is described by a system of differential equations which is obtained by the slowly varying amplitude method and yields an approximate dispersion equation when it is linearized. A method for modifying parameters of a nonlinear system of differential equations to make it consistent with the exact dispersion equation is proposed and the calculation results are demonstrated.
Socio-geographical aspects of the development of the market of organic products and its synergy with agrotourism
Authors: Uliganets Serhii , Batychenko Svitlana , Melnyk Liudmyla
Published: December 2024

The article argues the advantages of organic agriculture compared to traditional agriculture. Namely, it reduces risks to the health of consumers and provides higher quality products, since organic products are grown without chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. Organic production helps preserve natural resources, improve soil and water quality, and also reduces environmental pollution. Through natural farming methods, organic farmers maintain a diversity of plants and animals, which is important for the stability of ecosystems. The growing demand for organic products is stimulating the development of new markets and opportunities for farmers, which has a positive impact on the local economy.

The issue of the organic movement and organizations that carry out work in the field of organic production and popularization of this direction is revealed. In Ukraine, the basis of the organic movement is the Federation of the Organic Movement of Ukraine, the Union «Organic Ukraine», «Organic Standard».

The dynamics of the number of operators of organic products in Ukraine, as well as the area of agricultural land occupied for the cultivation of the corresponding products, were analyzed. The question of the dynamics of consumption of organic products in Ukraine has been studied. The current state of production of organic products in Ukraine is considered. The geography of certified operators of organic products in the country was analyzed.

Areas of synergy between producers of organic products and agricultural tourism are highlighted. Agricultural tourism can be a promising solution for farmers producing organic products. Visitors can tour organic farms, participate in harvesting, and taste local organic products. In addition, organic farmers can use tourism as an additional source of income by offering tours, workshops, and other activities for tourists. This creates a beneficial synergy between agriculture and the tourism industry, contributing to the development of local economies.

The implementation of agricultural tourism practices on the territory of organic production enterprises will affect the increase in farmers' incomes through the sale of organic products to tourists and the organization of agricultural tourism services.

Agricultural tourism will contribute to the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and the consumption of environmentally friendly products among tourists.

The practice of agricultural tourism in the territory of organic production will help to preserve traditional methods of farming and preservation of Ukrainian cultural traditions.

Agricultural tourism will contribute to the development of infrastructure in rural areas and the creation of new jobs.

Keywords: organic production, organic products, agricultural tourism, ecotourism, market of organic products.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ТРЕНЕРІВ, БАТЬКІВ ТА СПОРТСМЕНІВ У ДИТЯЧОМУ ТА ЮНАЦЬКОМУ СПОРТІ
Authors: ПАВЛЮК Оксана , ПАВЛЮК Євген , РЕШІТНИК Олексій , ОЛІЙНИК Костянтин
Published: December 2024

У дитячому та юнацькому спорті важливу увагу відіграють взаємовідносини між тренером, спортсменом та батьками, адже успіх в змагальній діяльності та у досягненні спортивних результатів в першу чергу залежить від злагодженої взаємодії між усіма учасниками. Саме тому наш науковий пошук присвячений дослідженню зазначеної проблеми. Насамперед ми розглянули трактування дефініції «сім’я», схарактеризували відносини у сім’ї та вплив зовнішніх і внутрішніх чинників на них. Нами було проаналізовано психологічні та фізіологічні характеристики підліткового віку дівчаток та хлопчиків, щоб краще зрозуміти як будувати взаємодію з підлітками. Було виявлено низку суперечностей, що характерні для підліткового віку. Також було приділено увагу соціально-педагогічній характеристиці тренерів, батьків та спортсменів.
Do CSR Activities Influence Cash Holding Policy in European Countries?
Authors: Mhadhbi Feker
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to check whether socially responsible activities influence the cash holding policy in European companies. Using a sample of 1,352 European companies during 2006-2015, we find that companies with good social performance hold less cash than companies with lower social performance. We also found that in European countries that guarantee good investor protection, CRS companies accumulate less cash. Taking into account the legal origin of the countries, we have noticed that socially successful companies operating in common law are less likely to hold high cash levels. These resuslts suggest that in the presence of good environment that ensures good investor protection, the negative effect of CSR activities on the level of cash holding is accentuated.
Psychosocial consequences of screening for albuminuria and certain other risk factors
Authors: Tymstra Tjeerd , Spijkers Edwin W. , Broer Jan , Janssen Wilbert M.T. , de Jong Paul E.
Published: December 2024

Objective: To gain insight into the psychosocial consequences of a screening programme on the progression of heart, vascular and kidney damage. Design: Over 85,000 people aged 28–75 were invited to participate in a screening for albuminuria. Nearly half of them sent in their morning urine of which almost 10,000 had a (slightly) elevated urinary albumin level. This latter group was invited to participate in a follow‐up screening (24‐hour urine samples, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol) together with ±3,000 randomly selected subjects with a normal urinary albumin concentration. A questionnaire on the psychosocial consequences of the screening was sent to 335 participants of the screening programme each of whom had received their (positive or negative) screening results two weeks previously. Results: The response rate was 75%. A minority of the respondents, diagnosed for risk factors, expressed some concern. No influence on the well‐being of this group of participants could be established. Almost one third of the respondents claimed to follow a healthier lifestyle as a result of the screening. There are, however, also indications for a certain ‘certificate of health effect’: about half of the smokers and the physically inactive considered that the favourable screening results legitimated their unhealthy lifestyle. An unfavourable screening result led to additional medical consumption in almost half of the respondents. The respondents appreciated the screening and especially the less educated had a very positive attitude towards early diagnosis in general. Conclusions: Those screened positive showed no diminished well‐being; their health behaviour improved because of the screening and their medical consumption increased. Many of those screened negative considered the test result a reason to continue their unhealthy lifestyle.
Paroxetine, Panorama and user reporting of ADRs: Consumer intelligence matters in clinical practice and post‐marketing drug surveillance
Authors: Medawar Charles , Herxheimer Andrew , Bell Andrew , Jofre Shelley
Published: December 2024

We systematically analysed two complementary samples of emails relating to patients' problems with the popular SSRI antidepressant, paroxetine. These mainly concerned serious mood disorders and drug withdrawal symptoms. 1,374 emails were immediate responses to a major BBC‐TV documentary programme. These were contrasted with 862 messages on similar themes sent to a website discussion forum over a period of nearly three years. Despite the limitations of most individual email reports, we judged their collective weight to be profound. We also suggest that the value of “immersion” in a large body of such data may be greater than continuing exposure to a variable trickle of reports. We discuss the significance of these data in relation to the patient–prescriber relationship and pharmacovigilance. We suggest that the Internet offers unparalleled opportunities for soliciting and monitoring patients' reports of adverse drug reactions, and propose practical initiatives to capture peoples' experiences and thereby promote safer and more effective drug use.
Anti-Forgetting Adaptation for Unsupervised Person Re-identification
Authors: Chen Hao , Bremond Francois , Sebe Nicu , Zhang Shiliang
Published: December 2024

Regular unsupervised domain adaptive person re-identification (ReID) focuses on adapting a model from a source domain to a fixed target domain. However, an adapted ReID model can hardly retain previously-acquired knowledge and generalize to unseen data. In this paper, we propose a Dual-level Joint Adaptation and Anti-forgetting (DJAA) framework, which incrementally adapts a model to new domains without forgetting source domain and each adapted target domain. We explore the possibility of using prototype and instance-level consistency to mitigate the forgetting during the adaptation. Specifically, we store a small number of representative image samples and corresponding cluster prototypes in a memory buffer, which is updated at each adaptation step. With the buffered images and prototypes, we regularize the image-to-image similarity and image-to-prototype similarity to rehearse old knowledge. After the multi-step adaptation, the model is tested on all seen domains and several unseen domains to validate the generalization ability of our method. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed method significantly improves the anti-forgetting, generalization and backward-compatible ability of an unsupervised person ReID model.
Heterosis and combining ability in Algerian durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) for adaptation and production related traits
Authors:   University of Constantine 1 Mentouri Brothers, Mouad Boulacel , Toka Hadji ,   University of Constantine 1 Mentouri Brothers, Awatef Ghennai ,   Larbi Ben M’Hidi University, Nabila Souilah ,   University of Constantine 1 Mentouri Brothers
Published: December 2024

Wheat landraces constitute valuable genetic resources for breeding resilient genotypes in response to environmental stress and climate variability. A Line × Tester analysis was conducted on three oasis wheat landraces that were used as testers, and two varieties of durum wheat to obtain 6 combinations (F2) that were evaluated along with their relative parents for adaptation-related. The analysis revealed that non-additive genetic effects played a dominant role in determining the inheritance patterns of all studied traits except FLA, PH, AL, HT, ST, and HD. Correlation analysis revealed that GCA values of parental lines and testers HYB can be more effectively predicted based on GCA of parental lines in almost al traits.
Boletín Económico Regional : Bogotá, III trimestre de 2024
Authors:   Sección de Economías Regionales,   Departamento Técnico y de Información Económica
Published: December 2024

En el tercer trimestre de 2024, la región de Bogotá y Cundinamarca mostró mejoría en algunas actividades económicas. El comercio dejó de caer en la ciudad capital por recuperación en bienes esenciales y alta demanda por vehículos híbridos y eléctricos. El transporte aumentó en la movilización aérea de pasajeros y de carga terrestre. En contraste, la industria se contrajo debido a la débil dinámica del consumo, motivando ajustes en producción por el bajo volumen de pedidos. La actividad constructora continuó rezagada en edificaciones, compensada con el avance de obras de infraestructura. En el comercio exterior, las exportaciones siguieron mostrando un desempeño favorable, mientras que las importaciones registraron mejor comportamiento. La inflación continuó su tendencia a la baja, y la tasa de desempleo volvió a ubicarse en niveles de un dígito.
Financial development and economic growth: Current issues of theory and practice of research
Authors: Zhukova T. V.
Published: December 2024

The article contains an analysis of theoretical and empirical research on the relationship between financial and economic development, that have been accumulated since the beginning of the 20th century. The diversity of concepts in the absence of a recognized theory of economic growth, and the rapid evolution of financial market make this issue still relevant. The empirical research is based on the theories which were developed at least 30 years ago and they don’t include a number of modern trends (a multiple increase in financial innovation, the dominance of global markets, sectoral polarization of economies and contraction of the real sector in a number of countries). This leaves gaps in understanding the mechanisms of financial market impact on economic growth, increases the diversity of results. The purpose of this work is to systemize the ideas around financial market influence on economic growth that have been established in theory and practice to form an objective picture of what was happening, as well as to identify the actual ways of theoretical concepts renewal, to prepare recommendations for improving analytical approaches. Using the methods of analytical grouping, meaningful and evolutionary analysis: databases of theoretical (25 for 1911—2000s) and empirical (71 for 1993—2023) works have been formed (by groups of financial market influence); the evolution of theoretical concepts and endogenous economic-mathematical models of economic growth based on financial development has been considered; a factor analysis of empirical studies by 11 essential parameters has been carried out. According to the results, the influence of financial market on economic growth is not universal and varies across countries. The increased diversity of research results is associated with a decrease in their accuracy due to: emergence of new mechanisms of the financial market influence on economic growth; failure to take into account differences in sectoral structures of economies; dependence of empirical research on external factors not related to the hypothesis being tested (9 out of 11 reviewed). Conclusions and recommendations are provided: on the need to rethink of the theoretical concepts, on improving the quality of empirical studies; on the importance of accumulating a new body of empirical data around the impact of the financial market on economic growth at the present stage.