bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resolved molecular line observations reveal an inherited molecular layer in the young disk around TMC1A
Authors: Harsono D. , van der Wiel M. H. D. , Bjerkeli P. , Ramsey J. P. , Calcutt H. , Kristensen L. E. , Jørgensen J. K.
Published: December 2020

Context.Physical processes that govern the star and planet formation sequence influence the chemical composition and evolution of protoplanetary disks. Recent studies allude to an early start to planet formation already during the formation of a disk. To understand the chemical composition of protoplanets, we need to constrain the composition and structure of the disks from whence they are formed.

Aims.We aim to determine the molecular abundance structure of the young disk around the TMC1A protostar on au scales in order to understand its chemical structure and any possible implications for disk formation.

Methods.We present spatially resolved Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of CO, HCO+, HCN, DCN, and SO line emission, as well as dust continuum emission, in the vicinity of TMC1A. Molecular column densities are estimated both under the assumption of optically thin emission from molecules in local thermodynamical equilibrium (LTE) as well as through more detailed non-LTE radiative transfer calculations.

Results.Resolved dust continuum emission from the disk is detected between 220 and 260 GHz. Rotational transitions from HCO+, HCN, and SO are also detected from the inner 100 au region. We further report on upper limits to vibrational HCNυ2= 1, DCN, and N2D+lines. The HCO+emission appears to trace both the Keplerian disk and the surrounding infalling rotating envelope. HCN emission peaks toward the outflow cavity region connected with the CO disk wind and toward the red-shifted part of the Keplerian disk. From the derived HCO+abundance, we estimate the ionization fraction of the disk surface, and find values that imply that the accretion process is not driven by the magneto-rotational instability. The molecular abundances averaged over the TMC1A disk are similar to its protostellar envelope and other, older Class II disks. We meanwhile find a discrepancy between the young disk’s molecular abundances relative to Solar System objects.

Conclusions.Abundance comparisons between the disk and its surrounding envelope for several molecular species reveal that the bulk of planet-forming material enters the disk unaltered. Differences in HCN and H2O molecular abundances between the disk around TMC1A, Class II disks, and Solar System objects trace the chemical evolution during disk and planet formation.
The Course of Physics at the Technical University Digital Education System
Authors: Timchenko Svetlana L. , Semikolenov Andrei V. , Zadorozhnyi Nikolai A. , Chuev Anatoly S. , Dementeva Olga Yu.
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the digital education possibilities for a technical university, using the online courses on general physics course sections example. Online courses in physics contain video lectures, seminars, video demonstrations, and test tasks. All course content is available on the “Open BMSTU” distance learning platform. Current students’ knowledge assessment is carried out by testing in remote access mode. Test tasks have three levels of difficulty. Tests of the first complexity level allow you to evaluate the knowledge of physical quantities, laws, formulas definitions and assume the choice of the answer. Tests of the second complexity level contain problems that require knowledge of formulas and basic methods for solving problems. Tests of the third complexity level contain problems, the solution of which requires knowledge of formulas, logical thinking and provides for detailed problem-solving. Performing test task complexity determines the optimal ratio choice between the time taken to complete the test and the task content complexity level in the test. Regular testing allows not only to control but also to merge the information got at lectures, seminars and laboratory sessions.

We carried out the statistical processing of experimental groups test results on the general physics course “Electromagnetism” topics using the digital educational environment MOODLE and EDX.
Physics Entrance Testing at Technical University
Authors: Timchenko Svetlana L. , Pozdushev Mikhail L. , Zadorozhnyi Nikolai A.
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the organization of entrance physics testing for first-year BMSTU students of all majors and specialties. The role and position of testing in the educational process of a technical university is discussed on the example of entrance testing conducted by the Department of Physics. The advantages of entrance testing as one of the types of control of students residual knowledge are shown. The subjects of the tasks of entrance testing are presented and an example of typical variants of test tickets is given. The analysis of the degree of solution of the input testing problems for all faculties has been carried out. It has been established that the following sections of the school physics course: “Electrostatics”, “Magnetism”, and “Mechanical vibrations” cause the greatest difficulties. A comparative analysis of the entrance test has been conducted at the faculties of “Basic Sciences” and “Special Engineering” for the 2018 and 2019 academic years. The connection between the entrance testing results and passing scores at the faculties of technical university ihas been revealed. It has been shown that entrance testing allows to determine the percentage of students’ retained knowledge at the school physics course and make adjustments to organize students’ additional auditorial and individual work. The lecturer has the opportunity to correct the presentation of the physics course in order to increase the percentage of retained knowledge in future.
Student’s Digital Portfolio for Assessing and Presenting Talents
Authors: Panyukova Svetlana V.
Published: December 2020

Student portfolio management is focused not only on use in the educational process, but also on job search. In the labor market, the competitiveness and demand for a university graduate will be determined not only by the knowledge and practical skills acquired, but also by the ability to show the results of their activities in the most favourable light. It is important for the employer to demonstrate a professional level (HardSkills), the ability to think, create and act independently, to solve unaccustomed tasks (SoftSkills). A competently filled digital portfolio of a student will make it possible to present his achievements in the best possible way and will become one of the important ways to attract the attention of employers. This paper covers prospects for the development and use of digital portfolios for training, evaluation and job search.
Management of the Engineers Mathematical Education Processes via Nomotex DLS
Authors: Dimitrienko Yury I. , Gubareva Elena A. , Chebakov Dmitry A. , Tumanov Ivan A.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents innovative approaches using the Big Data concept to the management of the educational process, implemented in digital media content - the Nomotex information and educational environment (Nomotex DLS), created at the Department of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
Learning to Model the Dynamics of Mechanical Systems with the Method of Solving Educational and Research Problems
Authors: Belonozhko Pavel P. , Berchun Yury V.
Published: December 2020

The methodological features of using software systems for modeling the dynamics of mechanical systems for solving educational research problems are considered. The traditionally established approach to studying the foundations of modeling the dynamics of technical systems is largely based on mastering the corresponding mathematical tools. With regard to modeling the dynamics of systems of solids, the mentioned approach involves, first of all, the development of skills in the preparation of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). At the same time, the formation of a mechanical calculation scheme as an «object of application of mathematics» becomes a natural stage of mathematical research, and the selection of simplifying assumptions that allow one or another idealization to correspond to a real object is carried out consciously taking into account the desire for certain internal properties of the mathematical model (for example, type and order of the ODE system). An important feature of modern systems for modeling the dynamics of solid’s systems is the ability to describe the object under study directly in terms of the subject area. This feature provides an increase in the effectiveness of modeling in solving design and engineering and scientific research problems and allows you to save a qualified specialist from a laborious routine. At the same time, as experience shows, in the process of solving educational and research problems, due to the mentioned features of modern software, students have certain difficulties in mastering the fundamental conceptual base of the corresponding discipline (physics, electrical engineering, theoretical mechanics, theory of automatic control, fundamentals of computer aided design). The article gives an example of an educational research task focused on overcoming these difficulties.
Basic Procedures and Methodological Support of the “Object-Based Environment for Engineering Calculation in the MATLAB System” Course
Authors: Lyushnin Stanislav A.
Published: December 2020

This paper looks at methodological aspects of the «Object-based environment for engineering calculation in the MATLAB system» course offered to the second year students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University for mastering tools in the MATLAB environment, learning MATLAB language and object-oriented technology of working with classes and applications, designed for engineering calculations of ammunition characteristics. The paper presents the technology of organization of practical studies using resources of MATLAB Grader.
Methodology of a Strategy Formation for Innovative Development of the Educational Complex in the Information Society
Authors: Tsibizova Tatiana Yu. , Li Fu , Terekhova Nataliya Yu. , Zotov Vladimir V.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the management of innovative development of complicated socio-economic systems. Such a system is the educational system and its institutional forms, united into the concept of “educational complex”. Models and tasks of implementing the innovative development of the non-state (commercial) and budget (state) sectors of educational complexes are shown in this work. The following principles are proposed as the basis of the concept of innovative development of education in the conditions of the information society: the maximum usage of opportunities, which are provided by the information society; assistance in the formation and development of a single information and communication space. As an example of analysis of the quality of innovative processes occurring in educational complexes, a mathematical model of a distance educational system, which is based on the methods and means of the theory of self-organization – synergetics, is proposed. It is concluded that the implementation of the methodology for managing the innovative development of the educational complex creates the prerequisites for building a quality management system for the educational process.
Tutoring as a Way of Organizing University Space for the Academic Qualification of Young Researchers: the Russian Context
Authors: Gavrilina Elena A.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the study of the tutoring phenomenon in the past and in modern times. The relation between tutoring and the development of metacompetitions of tutorantshas been traced. The concepts of meta-subject matter, metacognitiveness and metacreativity are specified in the educational context. The neccesityto include tutoring in the modern Russian education, especially to the scientific training of students, has been shown.

The need for inclusion of tutoring in the space of modern Russian education is shown, especially concerning the scientific training of students.
Increasing seismic hazard and risk awareness in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Seismometers in Schools Pilot Programme
Authors: Woods Richard , Daly Michele , Setianto Agung , Anantasari Esti , Johnson Richard
Published: December 2020

Central Sulawesi is bisected by the Palu-Koru Fault and other nearby faults. Despite numerous earthquakes, there is very little awareness of these fault structures and their potential to cause damage. Through the Strengthened Indonesian Resilience: Reducing Risks from Disasters (StIRRRD) programme, the local Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) in both Donggala and Palu identified a concern about the lack of community knowledge of local seismic hazards and risks. They wish to see an increased awareness of the Palu-Koro Fault using a programme that builds on existing hazard and preparedness programmes in schools. To help achieve this, StIRRRD launched Indonesia’s first pilot Seismometers in Schools (SIS) programme, in partnership with the Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) and Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI), in Central Sulawesi in March 2018. Seismometers in Schools is an education initiative already present in Australia, New Zealand and the United States which involves installing seismometers in schools as a tool to increase awareness of seismic hazards and risks. Information from the seismometers can be analysed by mathematics, physics or geography students to assess earthquakes recorded locally or from around the world. Seismometers have been installed in four schools, SMA Negeri Model Terpadu Madani and MAN 1 in Palu City, SMA N 1 Banawa in Donggala and SMA N 1 Bahadopi in Morowali with a more sophisticated three component device installed at the University of Tadulako, Palu. To compliment the installation, teaching resource packs were gifted and training workshops held with teachers to assist them with better integrating local seismic hazard and risk projects into their curriculums.
The application of production planning approach on a large number of residential building construction project post natural disaster
Authors: Fadjar Adnan
Published: December 2020

After a large-scale natural disaster struck an urban area a large number of residential buildings construction is often needed. Such residential buildings are often built with more or less similar size and model therefore the construction is repetitive. The project management approach is normally employed in managing a large-scale residential building project. This study argues that due to its repetitive nature the construction of a large number of similar houses can also be viewed as a production system in addition to a project view. This study investigates the utilization of the production planning approach with the aid of a discrete event simulation method in managing the construction of a large number of residential buildings. This study simulates the construction of 500 similar houses. The study results show that the production management approach has the potential in managing a large-scale residential building project in addition to the project management approach.
Study of the physical quality of shallow ground water in Palu valley for drinking water
Authors: Saparuddin
Published: December 2020

Water is a basic need in various human activities. drinking water for general purposes is generally supplied by the Regional Water Company (RWC), but RWC’s ability to meet the needs of the community is felt to be limited. Potential groundwater around a large residential area and has been widely used for drinking water, this study aims to determine the physical quality of water and shallow groundwater classes in the Palu valley. By using laboratory analysis of shallow groundwater samples taken randomly in the existing Palu Valley where people use shallow ground water as a source of drinking water. The results of the study that the physical quality of shallow ground water in the Palu Valley meets the physical requirements of drinking water and includes class B water and can improve its physical quality into drinking water with simple processing.
Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Method with Resistivity Meter Based on Boost Converter to Estimate the Potential of Groundwater Aquifers in Karang Anyar of Tarakan City
Authors: Asta  , Muis Prasetia Abdul
Published: December 2020

Water catchment research has been done in Karang Anyar of Tarakan City with the aim to estimate the potential of groundwater aquifers. Groundwater is more widely used to meet the needs because of its better quality compared to surface water. The groundwater distribution is not only described vertically, to find horizontally can be seen through the deployment of geological formations that act as aquifers. Vertical Electrical Sounding method is one method that can be used to predict geological and hydrogeological conditions. Based on geoelectric exploration using a resistivity meter based on boost converter shows the presence of groundwater in a depth of 7. 91-_44. 33 meters with resistance of 27. 22 Ωm and the estimated lithology is sand. According the research could determine that resources ground water in Karang Anyar village is prospectly.
Vieillissement cutané
Authors: Boismal Françoise , Serror Kevin , Dobos Gabor , Zuelgaray Elina , Bensussan Armand , Michel Laurence
Published: December 2020

Un des enjeux majeurs de ce XXIesiècle est la lutte contre le vieillissement, défini comme un ensemble de mécanismes physiologiques altérant les capacités physiques et intellectuelles de l’organisme. Le vieillissement de la peau n’est qu’un trait visible de ce processus. Il est associé à des défauts de cicatrisation majeurs liés à l’altération des propriétés biomécaniques des cellules cutanées, essentiellement des fibroblastes dermiques. Le système immunitaire, autre composante clé du maintien de l’homéostasie cutanée et du bon déroulement de la cicatrisation des plaies, subit aussi les effets du temps : l’immunosénescence cutanée consécutive limiterait la réponse anti-infectieuse et vaccinale, tout en favorisant un environnement pro-tumoral. Les principales atteintes cutanées dues au vieillissement, que celui-ci soit intrinsèque ou extrinsèque, seront détaillées avant d’énumérer les stratégies anti-âges efficaces pour lutter contre les stigmates dermiques et épidermiques liées à l’âge.
The Effect of Resistance Training on the Function after Hip Replacement: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen Langxin , Chen Guanlin
Published: December 2020

Introduction The efficacy of resistance training for hip replacement remains controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of resistance training on functional recovery for hip replacement.

Methods We searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library databases through April 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of resistance training on hip replacement.

Results Five RCTs involving 251 patients are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with the control group for post-hip replacement patients, resistance training can significantly improve hip-related quality of life (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.68; p = 0.04), symptoms (SMD = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.74; p = 0.02), sports and recreation (SMD = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.75; p = 0.01), and reduce pain scores (SMD = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.74; p = 0.02), but has no remarkable impact on activities of daily living function (SMD = 0.48; 95% CI = 0 to 0.96; p = 0.05), sit to stand (SMD = 0.17; 95% CI = − 0.25 to 0.59; p = 0.44), stair climb performance (SMD = 0.06; 95% CI = − 0.36 to 0.48; p = 0.77), and leg extension power (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI = − 0.17 to 1.01; p = 0.17).

Conclusions Resistance training is associated with significantly improved hip-related quality of life, symptoms, and sports and recreation, and decreased pain scores in post-hip replacement patients.
Spotlight: Wie bestimmt man das QTc-Intervall richtig?
Authors: Bogossian Harilaos , Bimpong-Buta Nana-Yaw , Lemke Bernd
Published: December 2020

Das EKG stellt eine der wichtigsten nicht invasiven Untersuchungsmethoden dar. Im klinischen Alltag bietet es einen hohen Informationsgehalt bei sehr geringen Kosten. Nichtsdestotrotz ist die EKG-Interpretation für viele Ärzte herausfordernd. Selbst bei einem normalen EKG bedarf es ausreichender Sorgfalt, um die einzelnen Zeitintervalle ordentlich zu vermessen. Deutlich schwieriger wird die Interpretation beim Auftreten von Herzrhythmusstörungen. Hier müssen dann (wie z. B. beim Vorhofflimmern) mehrere Messungen durchgeführt und berücksichtigt werden, um das QT-Intervall korrekt zu beurteilen. Weitere EKG-Veränderungen können die Messung und Interpretation der QT-Zeit weiter beeinflussen. So kommt insbesondere bei Frequenzvariabilität (Tachykardien/Bradykardien) und beim Auftreten von Schenkelblockierungen die Anwendung diverser Formeln zum Tragen. Erst nach Berücksichtigung all dieser Aspekte kann eine ordentliche Messung und Interpretation der QTc-Zeit erfolgen.
Rehabilitation am Lebensende – Neurophysiotherapie meets Palliative Care
Authors: Preiser Daniel , Simader Rainer
Published: December 2020

Physiotherapeuten, die mit Patienten mit neurologischen Erkrankungen arbeiten, finden sich immer wieder in Situationen, in denen auch das Sterben von Patienten möglich oder absehbar ist. Da Sterben nicht nur ein rein körperlicher Prozess ist, sondern auch mit vielen psychosozialen und auch spirituell-existenziellen Themen einhergeht, ein soziales Thema ist, An- und Zugehörige mit involviert sind und der Therapeut automatisch mit seiner eigenen Endlichkeit konfrontiert wird, ist Grundlagenwissen zu Palliative Care für die klinische Entscheidungsfindung relevant. In diesem Artikel erhalten Leser einen Einblick in die Palliative Care, und anhand von ausgewählten Situationen und Symptomen wird die Umsetzung in der neurologischen Rehabilitation skizziert.
Herzinsuffizienz und Vorhofflimmern – Stellenwert der Katheterablation
Authors: Bante Hendrik , Sommer Philipp
Published: December 2020

Herzinsuffizienz und Vorhofflimmern koexistieren häufig, was zu einer weiteren Erhöhung von Letalität und Morbidität führt. Aufgrund einer zunehmenden Alterung unserer Gesellschaft ist von einer steigenden Prävalenz beider Erkrankungen auszugehen. Infolgedessen wird sich die Anzahl an Patienten mit einem kombinierten Vorliegen von Herzinsuffizienz und Vorhofflimmern ebenfalls erhöhen. Ein Vorteil einer medikamentösen antiarrhythmischen Therapie gegenüber einer medikamentösen Frequenzkontrolle konnte bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern und systolischer Dysfunktion bisher nicht gezeigt werden. Für die Katheterablation hingegen wurde in randomisierten prospektiven Studien mehrfach eine Überlegenheit gegenüber einer medikamentösen Therapie nachgewiesen, einschließlich einer Reduktion der Gesamtletalität. Deshalb ist die Katheterablation bei derartigen Patienten schon heute ein wichtiger Bestandteil der multimodalen Therapie.
Leberspezifische Diagnostik bei der nichtalkoholischen Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) – wann kann die Leberbiopsie ersetzt werden?
Authors: Michel Maurice , Schattenberg Jörn M.
Published: December 2020

Die nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) ist eine der häufigsten Lebererkrankungen. In Deutschland wird die Prävalenz in der adulten Bevölkerung auf 24 % geschätzt, und die Inzidenz ist ansteigend. Prognostisch ist die Unterscheidung früher und fortgeschrittener Erkrankungsstadien von Bedeutung. Insbesondere das Ausmaß der Vernarbung, die als Leberfibrose bezeichnet wird, beeinflusst Morbidität und Mortalität von Patienten mit NAFLD. Bei Vorliegen einer fortgeschrittener Fibrose und Zirrhose steigen die leberspezifische und die Gesamtmortalität an. Die Leberfibrose entsteht als Konsequenz einer anhaltenden Entzündung des Lebergewebes über die Zeit. Da Entzündung und Fibrose histologische Merkmale der Erkrankung sind, gilt heute als Referenzmethode in der Diagnostik der NAFLD noch die Leberbiopsie. Zunehmend werden nichtinvasive diagnostische Verfahren zum Staging (der Fibrose) und Grading (Aktivität) der Erkrankung entwickelt und validiert. Die aktuelle Übersicht fasst neue Entwicklungen der nichtinvasiven Leberdiagnostik zusammen.
Synthesis of N-Aryl-4-arylhexahydroquinoline Derivatives by Reaction of Cyclic Enaminones with Arylidenemalononitriles in DMSO
Authors: Oriyama Takeshi , Han Wei , Inoue Chika , Onizawa Tsunaki
Published: December 2020

The reaction of cyclic enaminones with arylidenemalono­nitriles was carried out in the presence of 13X molecular sieves in dimethyl sulfoxide. Under these mild reaction conditions, various bioactive N-aryl-4-arylhexahydroquinoline derivatives were obtained in high yields without the necessity of using transition-metal catalyst, organobase, or reflux conditions.
Clinical Application and Psychometric Properties of a Swedish Translation of the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit
Authors: Brännström K. Jonas , Andersson Ketty , Sandgren Olof , Whitling Susanna
Published: December 2020

Abstract Background The impact of hearing loss on the individual and his/her everyday life can be assessed using questionnaires with the purpose to improve rehabilitation quality. The Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) can be used to evaluate
disability in everyday life associated with hearing loss. Previous studies have examined APHAB outcomes in sensorineural hearing loss and we do not know whether the type of hearing loss influence questionnaire outcomes. Purpose The purpose was to evaluate the psychometric properties
of a Swedish translation of the APHAB and the influence of demographic variables on the outcome in a clinical sample. Research Design A descriptive, cross-sectional study in a clinical sample. Study Sample Forty-eight participants with no hearing aid experience
seeking audiological rehabilitation for the first time. These participants represented different degrees of hearing loss and three types of hearing loss: monaural mixed, binaural mixed, and binaural sensorineural hearing loss. Data Collection and Analysis Pure-tone audiometry
was conducted and the participants completed the unaided APHAB during their first appointment at the clinic. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were examined and the influence of age, gender, type of hearing loss, and degree of hearing loss on APHAB scores were studied. Results The
psychometric properties indicate high test-retest reliability but there seems to be some potential issues with the properties of the reverberation (RV) subscale. The items from the RV subscale failed to load as a separate component and the internal consistency of the subscale improved by removing
four items (items 1, 9, 11, and 16). With few exceptions, APHAB scores were not influenced by age, gender, or type of hearing loss. APHAB scores were generally influenced by degree of hearing loss in both the best and the worst ear. Conclusion This Swedish version of the APHAB
can be additionally improved by addressing the inconsistencies found in the RV subscale by rephrasing or removing some items. The degree of hearing loss has some influence on questionnaire outcomes but not age, gender, and type of hearing loss.
The Benefit of Remote and On-Ear Directional Microphone Technology Persists in the Presence of Visual Information
Authors: Dorman Michael F. , Natale Sarah Cook , Agrawal Smita
Published: December 2020

Abstract Background Both the Roger remote microphone and on-ear, adaptive beamforming technologies (e.g., Phonak UltraZoom) have been shown to improve speech understanding in noise for cochlear implant (CI) listeners when tested in audio-only (A-only) test environments.
Purpose Our aim was to determine if adult and pediatric CI recipients benefited from these technologies in a more common environment—one in which both audio and visual cues were available and when overall performance was high. Study Sample Ten adult CI listeners
(Experiment 1) and seven pediatric CI listeners (Experiment 2) were tested. Design Adults were tested in quiet and in two levels of noise (level 1 and level 2) in A-only and audio-visual (AV) environments. There were four device conditions: (1) an ear canal-level, omnidirectional
microphone (T-mic) in quiet, (2) the T-mic in noise, (3) an adaptive directional mic (UltraZoom) in noise, and (4) a wireless, remote mic (Roger Pen) in noise. Pediatric listeners were tested in quiet and in level 1 noise in A-only and AV environments. The test conditions were: (1) a behind-the-ear
level omnidirectional mic (processor mic) in quiet, (2) the processor mic in noise, (3) the T-mic in noise, and (4) the Roger Pen in noise. Data Collection and Analyses In each test condition, sentence understanding was assessed (percent correct) and ease of listening ratings
were obtained. The sentence understanding data were entered into repeated-measures analyses of variance. Results For both adult and pediatric listeners in the AV test conditions in level 1 noise, performance with the Roger Pen was significantly higher than with the T-mic. For
both populations, performance in level 1 noise with the Roger Pen approached the level of baseline performance in quiet. Ease of listening in noise was rated higher in the Roger Pen conditions than in the T-mic or processor mic conditions in both A-only and AV test conditions. Conclusion The
Roger remote mic and on-ear directional mic technologies benefit both speech understanding and ease of listening in a realistic laboratory test environment and are likely do the same in real-world listening environments.
Effect of Tympanostomy Tube Placement on Intraoperative Auditory Brainstem Response
Authors: Martinovic Aleksandra , Chen Jessica , Sivas Kayla , Owens Sarah , Firpo Matthew A. , Park Albert H.
Published: December 2020

Abstract Background Intraoperative auditory brainstem response (ioABR) testing under general anesthesia is commonly performed on children when sleep-deprived ABR and behavioral testing are not reliable or feasible. Several studies have reported potential confounding
results when tube insertion is combined with ABR testing. Purpose This article evaluates whether a temporary threshold shift (TTS) occurs following placement of tympanostomy tubes (TTs) in children who undergo ioABR testing. Research Design A case‐control
prospective study. Patients scheduled for combined TT and ioABR procedures were enrolled into this study. Study Sample Twenty children (38 ears), ranging in age from 6 months to 10.5 years, were enrolled. Data Collection and Analysis ABR thresholds for tone
bursts with center frequencies of 2 and 4 kHz were compared before and after tube insertion. The indication for surgery, comorbidities, and status of the middle ear were also recorded. A paired t-test was used to determine statistical significance. Results Data
collection did not necessarily indicate suctioning and tube placement were causing a TTS; however, fluid present in the middle ear space prior to TT placement appeared to influence results. Although a paired t-test did not show statistically significant differences in ABR thresholds
between groups of individuals with and without fluid and before and after tube placement, 50% of patients with mucoid fluid (two out of four patients) were noted to have 10 dB or greater worsening in ABR thresholds in two out of six ears. Twenty-nine percent of patients with serous
fluid (two out of seven patients) were noted to have at least a 10 dB worsening in ABR threshold in 2 out of 10 ears. Further testing is needed to confirm these trends. Conclusion This pilot study indicates that children with mucoid or serous fluid may experience worse
ABR thresholds following TT insertion. ioABR testing immediately after TT tube placement and in the presence of middle ear fluid should be interpreted with caution. Additional studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these results.
Lian gong as a Therapeutic Treatment Option in Primary Care for Patients with Dizziness: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lopes Aline Lamas , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar , Figueiredo Pedro Henrique Scheidt , Gonçalves Denise Utsch , Santos Juliana Nunes
Published: December 2020

Introduction Dizziness is one of the most common reasons for seeking primary health care. Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) is a conventional treatment method for peripheral balance disorders that effectively decreases symptoms. Lian gong [LG] is believed to benefit patients with dizziness and to reduce the impact of the condition on quality of life by stimulating visual fixation, attention, body balance, and neuroplasticity.

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of LG on the impact of dizziness on quality of life and fear of falling in primary health care patients.

Methods This was a two-arm, parallel randomized clinical trial that included 36 patients with dizziness not caused by central changes. After specific medical evaluations and indications for treatment, the participants were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the LG group (n = 11), the VR group (n = 11), and the control group (n = 14). The interventions were conducted collectively over a period of 12 weeks.

Results Lian gong reduced the influence of dizziness on quality of life in physical (1.8 points, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2–3.4), functional (4.0 points, 95% CI: 2.1–5.9), and emotional domains of quality of life (4.4 points, 95% CI: 1.7–7.2), with no differences compared with VR. There were similar concerns among the groups about the risk of falling.

Conclusion Lian gong was shown to be an effective balance rehabilitation strategy to reduce the impact of dizziness on quality of life, with similar results to those of VR.
Efeitos e segurança do uso pré-operatório de glutamina ou Whey Protein: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Naspitz Laura , Konstantyner Tulio
Published: December 2020

Contexto e Objetivo Jejum prolongado aumenta a resistência insulínica pós-operatória, dificultando a convalescência cirúrgica. Oferecer solução com carboidratos 2 horas antes da cirurgia reduz desfechos clínicos desfavoráveis. Adicionar glutamina ou whey protein a esta solução seria seguro e poderia implicar benefícios ainda maiores?

Métodos Revisão sistemática da literatura realizada em dois bancos de dados com descritores de saúde preoperative care ou preoperative period associado a whey e depois a glutamine. Um total de 160 artigos foram encontrados. Após aplicação de filtros de busca e de critérios de exclusão e de inclusão, 16 artigos foram incluídos na presente revisão.

Resultados Todos os artigos selecionados são ensaios clínicos randomizados. Daqueles que avaliaram segurança, nenhum encontrou eventos adversos ou aumento do risco anestésico quando utilizados glutamina ou whey protein. Dos artigos que investigaram eficácia, demonstrou-se redução da resistência insulínica e dos mediadores inflamatórios e aumento das proteínas séricas e da capacidade antioxidante total naqueles que utilizaram a solução proteica. Poucos autores conseguiram relacionar esses achados laboratoriais com otimização de desfechos clínicos, com exceção de dois que utilizaram a glutamina em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca.

Conclusão Uso de glutamina ou whey protein pré-operatório demonstra-se seguro e com benefícios laboratoriais no pós-operatório. Estudos ainda carecem de conseguir demonstrar melhor recuperação clínica do paciente quando realizado uso de proteína pré-operatória.
Benefícios do ômega 3 na prevenção de doença cardiovascular: Revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Nascimento Paulo Marcos do , Scalabrini Heloisy Moreira
Published: December 2020

Introdução Os ácidos graxos poliinsaturados-3, ou ômega 3, como o ácido alfa-linolênico (ALA, na sigla em inglês), uma gordura encontrada em alimentos vegetais, o ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA, na sigla em inglês) e o ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA, na sigla em inglês), ambos encontrados em peixes, vêm sendo considerados substâncias relevantes para a manutenção da saúde, de modo que a suplementação vem sendo aventada como relevante para redução de riscos cardiovasculares.

Objetivo Identificar e analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre a contribuição do ômega 3 na prevenção e no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares.

Materiais e Métodos Revisão integrativa de literatura, com deferência a materiais publicados nas bases de dados da Scielo e PubMed, em que se considerou como critério de inclusão artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos, disponíveis na íntegra, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, que abordassem a temática proposta; os critérios de exclusão foram editoriais, cartas ao editor, estudos de revisão, teses, dissertações, artigos repetidos e que não correspondessem à temática.

Resultados Com base nas evidências científicas mencionadas, os índices de ômega 3 no organismo são relevantes para identificar possível risco cardiovascular, de modo que pode, portanto, ser usado como objetivo para o tratamento quando de possível risco para estas manifestações. Esse fator de risco pode ser modificado pela ingestão de EPA e DHA. A dose padrão de 1 g/dia de EPA e DHA recomendada pelas sociedades cardíacas, no entanto, provavelmente está longe de ser ideal para todos, já que não apenas essa dose padrão, mas também dieta, histórico genético individual, índice de massa corporal, ingestão e descarte de calorias, e outros fatores, todos juntos, provavelmente determinam o nível de ácidos graxos ômega 3 de uma determinada pessoa. Sugere-se, portanto, que o índice de ômega-3 atue não apenas como fator de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares, mas que outros contextos aliados ao estilo de vida do paciente sejam considerados.

Conclusão A dieta ou suplementação desses nutrientes pode resultar em benefícios cardiovasculares e outros para a sociedade como um todo.
Traumatic Atlantoaxial Rotatory Subluxation in Adult: Case Report
Authors: Alcântara Rafaela Campos , Souza Jacks Alan Tenório de , Joaquim Andrei Fernandes
Published: December 2020

Traumatic atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation (AARS) is generally found in pediatric patients, rarely found in adults, being a life-threatening condition especially when early diagnosis is not possible, which can lead to severe late neurological deficits. We describe a 38-year-old patient, victim of physical aggression caused by strangulation attempt who developed AARS, an uncommon traumatic cause. During the hospital care, the early diagnosis allowed us to institute a conservative treatment, which made the case uncommon, since most of the time surgical treatment is imperative. With the patient awake and under analgesia, a closed reduction was performed that promoted immediate pain relief, followed by a prescription of wearing a Philadelphia-type collar for 8 weeks. During the follow-up, cervical spine radiographies demonstrated no subluxation after removing the cervical collar. The patient was asymptomatic after 6 months of treatment. This case supports the importance of nonoperative management of AARS in selected cases.
Blick Hinter die Kulissen: Heute war kein guter Tag
Authors: Freye Carolin
Published: December 2020

Es gibt Tage, die möchte man im Nachhinein gerne aus dem Kalender streichen. Im Alltag eines Klinikeinkäufers gibt es viele Situationen, die einem die Laune vergällen können. Die Gründe dafür liegen selten im eigenen Verhalten, oftmals handelt es sich eher um strukturelle Probleme oder nicht beherschbare externe Einflüsse. Wir werfen einen Blick auf Ineffizienzen, Intransparenz und Produktivitätsverluste im Einkauf.
Kommunikation: So führen Sie professionelle Konfliktgespräche
Authors: Heidinger Anna-Lena
Published: December 2020

Konflikte gehören in jedem Unternehmen zum beruflichen Alltag. Besonders hierarchische Konflikte in den Kliniken und Konflikte zwischen den einzelnen Berufsgruppen sind weit verbreitet. Doch Konfliktgespräche zu führen, ist schwierig. Oft vermischen sich Emotions- und Sachebene miteinander. Wie dennoch ein konstruktives und lösungsorientiertes Gespräch gelingt, zeigt dieser Überblick.
Bestellwesen von Blutprodukten: Verbrauch und Verfügbarkeit von Blutkonserven harmonisieren
Authors: Otten Hubert , Kaffka-Cevani Vanessa , Tromp Timo
Published: December 2020

Einige Blutgruppen werden stark von Kliniken nachgefragt, wohingegen Blutkonserven anderer Blutgruppen Gefahr laufen, überlagert zu werden. Diese müssen dann zum Teil verworfen werden. Im Rahmen eines Projekts des DRK Blutspendedienstes West zusammen mit der Hochschule Niederrhein wurde ein Bonus-Malus-System entwickelt, welches das Bestellverhalten von Blutkonserven positiv beeinflussen soll.
Krankenhauszukunftsgesetz (KHZG): Geht jetzt alles schneller mit der Digitalisierung?
Authors: Merkel Martin
Published: December 2020

Im Oktober 2020 ist das Krankenhauszukunftsgesetz in Kraft getreten. Es soll dabei helfen, Investitions- und Modernisierungsprogramme in deutschen Kliniken voranzubringen. Die Kliniken können bereits jetzt entsprechende Förderungen beantragen.
Is there gender bias in research grant success in social sciences?: Hong Kong as a case study
Authors: Yip Paul Siu Fai , Xiao Yunyu , Wong Clifford Long Hin , Au Terry Kit Fong
Published: December 2020

Despite growing attention to gender disparities in higher education, women in academia still receive less research funding and recognition. Previous research on this gender gap has focused on biomedical, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in the West—relatively silent on social sciences and Asia. This study examined how well staff gender, submission rate, success rate, and amount per award could predict annual changes in the number and amount of grant funding for academic years 2015/2016–2020/2021 in the Faculty of Social Science at the University of Hong Kong, a leading institution in social sciences in Asia. Decomposition analysis revealed that, compared to men, women had higher submission rates, which significantly contributed to an increase in the number of awards for the University in recent years in two major funding mechanisms (namely, General Research Fund and Early Career Scheme), especially from 2019/2020 to 2020/2021. Women also outperformed men in the success rate in the Early Career Scheme (i.e., within the first three years of faculty appointment). Both submission rate and success rate contributed to changes in award number and the total amount for the University over time. Overall, women had a higher submission rate, successful rate, and amount per award than their male counterparts. We have identified good practices and distinctive contextual factors in Hong Kong that likely contribute to the lack of gender bias for research grant application results in Social Sciences.
Hyperspectral super-resolution imaging with far-red emitting fluorophores using a thin-film tunable filter
Authors: Vissa Adriano , Giuliani Maximiliano , Kim Peter K. , Yip Christopher M.
Published: December 2020

New innovations in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) have revolutionized optical imaging, enabling the characterization of biological structures and interactions with unprecedented detail and resolution. However, multi-color or hyperspectral SMLM can pose particular challenges which affect image quality and data interpretation, such as unequal photophysical performance of fluorophores and non-linear image registration issues, which arise as two emission channels travel along different optical paths to reach the detector. In addition, using evanescent-wave based approaches (Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence: TIRF) where beam shape, decay depth, and power density are important, different illumination wavelengths can lead to unequal imaging depth across multiple channels on the same sample. A potential useful approach would be to use a single excitation wavelength to perform hyperspectral localization imaging. We report herein on the use of a variable angle tunable thin-film filter to spectrally isolate far-red emitting fluorophores. This solution was integrated into a commercial microscope platform using an open-source hardware design, enabling the rapid acquisition of SMLM images arising from fluorescence emission captured within ∼15 nm to 20 nm spectral windows (or detection bands). By characterizing intensity distributions, average intensities, and localization frequency through a range of spectral windows, we investigated several far-red emitting fluorophores and identified an optimal fluorophore pair for two-color SMLM using this method. Fluorophore crosstalk between the different spectral windows was assessed by examining the effect of varying the photon output thresholds on the localization frequency and fraction of data recovered. The utility of this approach was demonstrated by hyper-spectral super-resolution imaging of the interaction between the mitochondrial protein, TOM20, and the peroxisomal protein, PMP70.
Griffiths-like phase close to the Mott transition
Authors: Mello Isys F. , Squillante Lucas , Gomes Gabriel O. , Seridonio Antonio C. , de Souza Mariano
Published: December 2020

We explore the coexistence region in the vicinity of the Mott critical end point employing a compressible cell spin-1/2 Ising-like model. We analyze the case for the spin-liquid candidate κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3, where close to the Mott critical end point metallic puddles coexist with an insulating ferroelectric phase. Our results are fourfold: (i) a universal divergent-like behavior of the Grüneisen parameter upon crossing the first-order transition line; (ii) based on scaling arguments, we show that within the coexistence region, for any system close to the critical point, the relaxation-time is entropy-dependent; (iii) we propose the electric Grüneisen parameter ΓE, which quantifies the electrocaloric effect; and (iv) we identify the metallic/insulating coexistence region as an electronic Griffiths-like phase. Our findings suggest that ΓE governs the dielectric response close to the critical point and that an electronic Griffiths-like phase emerges in the coexistence region.
Furnace for in situ and simultaneous studies of nano-precipitates and phase transformations in steels by SANS and neutron diffraction
Authors: Navarro-López A. , Ioannidou C. , van der Wal E. M. , Arechabaleta Z. , van den Oever R. , Verleg M. N. , Dalgliesh R. M. , Sykora J. , Akeroyd F. A. , Geerlofs N. , Sietsma J. , Pappas C. , van Well A. A. , Offerman S. E.
Published: December 2020

Interphase precipitation occurring during solid-state phase transformations in micro-alloyed steels is generally studied through transmission electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, and ex situ measurements of Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS). The advantage of SANS over the other two characterization techniques is that SANS allows for the quantitative determination of size distribution, volume fraction, and number density of a statistically significant number of precipitates within the resulting matrix at room temperature. However, the performance of ex situ SANS measurements alone does not provide information regarding the probable correlation between interphase precipitation and phase transformations. This limitation makes it necessary to perform in situ and simultaneous studies on precipitation and phase transformations in order to gain an in-depth understanding of the nucleation and growth of precipitates in relation to the evolution of austenite decomposition at high temperatures. A furnace is, thus, designed and developed for such in situ studies in which SANS measurements can be simultaneously performed with neutron diffraction measurements during the application of high-temperature thermal treatments. The furnace is capable of carrying out thermal treatments involving fast heating and cooling as well as high operation temperatures (up to 1200 °C) for a long period of time with accurate temperature control in a protective atmosphere and in a magnetic field of up to 1.5 T. The characteristics of this furnace give the possibility of developing new research studies for better insight of the relationship between phase transformations and precipitation kinetics in steels and also in other types of materials containing nano-scale microstructural features.