bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Medical Training during the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic: Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia Experience
Authors: Lee Bee Sun , Yan Naing Soe , Din Xin Jet , Ng Teck Han , Cheong Soon Keng
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Clinical training forms the fundamental element in medical training in all medical schools. Unfortunately, most traditional face-to-face clinical teaching activities had to come to a halt during the COVID-19 pandemic and be replaced with online teaching learning (OTL) sessions. This paper aims to share our experience of implementing OTL sessions for our UTAR medical clinical years students during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic and assess its outcome by collecting students’ feedback. Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted among MBBS clinical year students of Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UTAR. The questionnaires survey feedback on OTL sessions, examinations conducted, and replacement classes. Results: A total of 113 medical students participated in the survey. The third to fifth year students’ response rate were 93.0%, 59.2% and 100.0% respectively. More than 50% of the students scored 3 (good) for the components asked. It was found that 17.2% of fourth year students and 11.4% of fifth year students were in the opinion that replacement classes were not necessary and scored it 1 (poor). On the conduct of clinical exam, 17.5% of third year students, 37.9% of fourth year students and 25.0% of fifth year students graded it 4 (excellent). More than 60% of students preferred the traditional physical classes. Conclusions: The modifications of teaching done in this academic year 2020/2021 and the feedbacks gathered from the students will serve as a reflection to the faculty for future planning.
What Can Rubber Farmers and Institutions Do for Supply Chain Networks: The Political Economy Analysis
Authors: Saadah Maratun , Agustiyara Agustiyara
Published: August 2022

This research analysed the process of the supply chain of natural rubber between Tauke (collectors) and farmers and between farmers who have their rubber plantation and their tapper labour, with the institutional political economy analysis in Batanghari Regency, Jambi province. The research was descriptive research with a qualitative approach. This research used in-depth interviews with particular informants with purposive sampling and participative observation methods in certain activities. Data that had been obtained was analysed and qualitatively described. This research found that the collectors still overpowered the supply-chain process of natural rubber in the Batanghari Regency – trader, both at the village, sub-regency, and Regency levels. Other institutions, such as the auction market and crumb rubber factory, were located only in particular locations, so they were not accessible to the whole farmers in the Regency. As a result, several channels of marketing systems made different prices from what the farmers got. Institutional marketing indeed could be implemented. It has been proven by institutions such as auctions, joint venture groups, and other groups. Besides, some non–economic aspects can affect the way price parameter changes in the supply chain process, and they are; institution characteristics, marketing channel, and patronage relationship between farmers and traders. Batanghari Regency government should re-examine their plantation regulation about the marketing mechanism until the lowest level, villages. The government should have encouraged a mutual understanding among farmers so that similar efforts could occur elsewhere.
Call for Asymmetric Health Decentralisation in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Arief Priyo , Handayani Sri
Published: August 2022

Disparities, Inequalities and inequities are still significant problems after decades of experiencing health decentralisation. This study arranges massive issues on health decentralisation to endorse improvement. The analysis offers insight into decentralisation practices in Indonesia to perform health affairs. A systematic review approach was practised to identify the Scopus database and PubMed MEDLINE from 1999 to 2020, using the terms "health" and "decentralisation." Inclusion criteria were final manuscript, full-text access, and elaborate health administration in the decentralised era. Non-journal articles and non-Indonesia research sites were applied as exclusion criteria. The study analysed 32 reports through Vosviewer tools to confirm health decentralisation trends based on word frequency mentioned in the abstract. Using Atlas.ti qualitative apps tools, the full text of the identified manuscript was analysed into the categorisation of main decentralisation issues; 1) intergovernmental relations, 2) fiscal capacity, 3) regional capacity and capability to elaborate on implementation gap, obstacles, and pros and cons of Indonesia's experience in health decentralisation. The study found that changing decentralisation patterns that mismanaged unequal distribution of health resources raises inequality issues. Second, there is conflictual relation between national and regional health administration-sandwich function caused by the unclear division of government authority. Third, the health policy necessity of a symmetrical approach to coping with regional disparities in fiscal capacity, local government capacity, and capability to provide health services, and inequity problems follow. Moreover, various specific local needs and contexts do not fit in with national health policy. In this context, an asymmetrical approach to managing health answers diverse context responses in implementing decentralisation and inequality and inequity issues.
Current Research and Prospect of Biomass Pyrolysis Reactor
Authors: Song Ge , Wang Xin
Published: August 2022

Energy shortages and environmental damage have become serious problems facing the society today. Biomass can be a renewable energy source, which large-scale development and utilization are of great significance to industry and social life. Biomass pyrolysis technology can achieve effective utilization of biomass energy. It is necessary to optimize the pyrolysis reaction technology and device for realize the industrialization and large-scale production of biomass energy.
Comparison of the pyrolysis properties of corn straw fermentation residue and phenolic resin
Authors: Ma Rui , Wang Ze , He Lu , Song Wenli , Zhang Songpo
Published: August 2022

The regularity and variability of the composition distribution of the pyrolysis products of corn stover fermentation residue and phenolic resin with the pyrolysis temperature were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and lyser-gas/mass spectrometer (Py-GC/MS). The results show that toluene, phenol and methyl phenol are the main common components of the two systems, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, alkoxy compounds and a small amount of carboxylic acid are the unique components in the pyrolysis products of corn straw fermentation residue, while dimethyl phenol, 9H-xanthene and other components in the phenolic. This is a reflection of the differences in the composition and structure of the two raw materials.
Determination of overall heat transfer coefficients comparing LMTD and ε-NTU methods
Authors: Sánchez Escalona Andres Adrian , Leyva Ever Góngora
Published: August 2022

Thermal energy transfer processes are important problems to be solved in the field of engineering. In this field, heat exchangers are one of the most used equipment in the industry. The present investigation was carried out in an operating hydrogen sulfide cooler system, with the objective of determining the overall heat transfer coefficients by two methods, applying the passive experimentation procedure. With the Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD)method, values ranging from 11.1 to 73.3 W/(m2 ·K) were obtained, compared to 11.0 to 58.9 W/(m2 ·K) when applying the Effectiveness-Number of Transfer Units (ε-NTU) method. Although the results obtained were similar, for the thermal evaluation of the chiller system studied, it was recommended to employ the LMTD approach, used by most researchers.
Study on combustion characteristics of swirl premixed combustor
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Liu Xiao , Zhao Tiezheng , Liu Gang , Lv Guangpu , Zheng Hongtao
Published: August 2022

Taking a certain type of combustion chamber as the research object, the numerical simulation is carried out by using RANS (Reynolds averaged Navier-stokes) and LES (large eddy simulation), and the simulation results of the two numerical methods are compared and analyzed. The research results show that the RANS calculation results can reflect the main flow field characteristics in the combustion field, and have certain engineering significance. LES can reproduce specific flow field details such as the weak axial flow region, accurately simulate the location and strength of the shear layer, simulate the dynamic development process of flame, and capture the dynamic characteristics of the combustion flow field. Compared with RANS, LES has more obvious advantages in numerical simulation of the combustion flow field. Through calculation, the precessing vortex core under this working condition is composed of three relatively independent spiral vortex branches, which excites periodic velocity pulsation and pressure pulsation in the combustion chamber. LES captures the dominant frequency with the precession vortex core of 156 Hz.
Thermo-exergetic evaluation of a compact pyrotubular steam generator
Authors: Alejandro Velázquez-González , Jorge Michel Corrales-Suárez , Leonardo Rafael Pérez-Molina
Published: August 2022

One of the most important variables to know how efficient a thermal machine is the exergy. In practice, it is one of the least controlled variables. In this research, a thermal exergy study was carried out in a compact pyrotubular steam generator. To achieve this, an energy mass balance and entropy balance were carried out. The energy balance was carried out by direct and indirect methods. The percentages of the exergies of each working substance in the process are specified. The energy yield by the direct method was 0.901 and by the indirect method was 0.882, since each method has its role in the energy analysis. The irreversibilities in the process were 26%. The exergetic efficiency was 0.39, conditioned by a complete combustion in the hearth. It was demonstrated that the steam generator for the real operating conditions is oversized.
Modeling of boiler variable load combustion system based on gradient lifting decision tree and improved bidirectional threshold cycle unit
Authors: Yang Guotian , He Yuchen , Li Xin , Li Xinli
Published: August 2022

Boiler combustion system is a typical dynamic system with many variables, strong coupling, large-lag, and multiple input/output. It is very difficult to build a combustion system model that conforms to the actual working conditions. This paper presents a new modeling method of boiler combustion system based on bidirectional threshold cycle unit (Bi-GRU), and establishes the training model of combustion system under variable load (low, medium and high load)conditions. At the same time, gradient lifting decision tree (GBDT) is used to reduce the dimension of input characteristic matrix. GBDT model can evaluate the weight of input features under different loads and outputs, and can identify the feature with the largest weight proportion on the basis of retaining the original physical meaning of the feature. The feature selection model based on GBDT can not only reduce the original input dimension, but also provide theoretical guidance for the subsequent combustion control strategy. The calculation results of actual operation data show that the new combustion system model established by Bi-GRU and GBDT can accurately reflect the dynamic changes of main steam flow, main steam pressure and NOx emission under different loads. Compared with the traditional recurrent neural network (RNN) model, the accuracy and performance of the new model in this paper are significantly improved, and the structure is simple and the amount of calculation is small.
Establishing an effective protocol for micropropagation of mullberry (Morus nigra L.)
Authors: Bulunuz Palaz Esra , Ugur Remzi
Published: August 2022

Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with plant growth regulators composed of different concentrations were used in vitro rapid and mass multiplication of nodal explants obtained from shoots of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) seedlings grown in a fully controlled greenhouse. Eighteen different concentration of 6-benzylaminopurin, thidiazuron (TDZ), kinetin (KN) GA3 and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) as plant growth regulators were used. In contrast to expectation, combinations of (TDZ 1.0 mg L–1 + GA3 0.25 mg L–1) and (TDZ 2.0 mg L–1 + GA3 0.25 mg L–1) were found to give positive results in shoot proliferation and plant formation at the end of the study. In the rooting study (NAA 0.5 mg L–1 + KN 0.1 mg L–1) and (NAA 0.5 mg L–1 + KN 0.2 mg L–1) treatment showed positive results.
Correlations between stem anatomy and growth vigor in selected plum rootstock genotypes
Authors: İsfendiyaroğlu Murat , Çavdar Andaç
Published: August 2022

Turkey is particularly one of the centres of origin where many cultivars of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., P. institia L. and P. spinosa L. occured. These species have been worldwide considered with their rootstock features. In this study, correlations between plant growth vigor and sturucture of vascular elements in some plum rootstock genotypes were examined. For this purpose, 12 different wild P. cerasifera genotypes were used together with some commercially evaluated rootstocks as control. Results showed that plant elongation augmented in parallel with the increments in xylem diameter and xylem area ratio. Increases in cortex area ratio decreased the tree height. Moreover, the plant height was decreased by the elongation of xylem vessels in the vertical axis, but was increased by the decrease in xylem vessel area and the decrease in xylem vessel area increased the plant height. Comparing the entire evaluating genotypes, T7 and B9 were the most dwarf, while 17 and B6 the most vigorous once was concluded. In this study, a method which would accelerate the rootstock breeding works by using the structure of plant vascular elements, to predict the growth vigour as a pre-selection criteria which is important in plum rootstock selection was exposed.
Localisation of bioactive compounds in the leaves of Hedera helix L. (Araliaceae) – a medical and cosmetic plant
Authors: Sulborska Aneta , Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta , Kamińska Magdalena
Published: August 2022

Hedera helix (common ivy) is an attractive climbing and groundcover plant. Its leaves containing various bioactive compounds are used in medicine and cosmetology. The aim of this study was to present the functional leaf anatomy and histochemical analyses localising various secondary metabolites in ivy leaf bladeand petioles. Light and fluorescence microscopy and 8 histochemical tests and 3 fluorescence assays wereused. The leaf tissues contained phenolic compounds, phenolic acids, flavonoids, pectinous/mucilagous substances, acid lipids, essential oil, terpenoids, and steroid-containing terpenes. They are mainly responsiblefor the biological and pharmacological activity of H. helix leaves. Most of these secondary metabolites werepresent in the epidermis, mesophyll, phloem, and epithelial cells. In turn, they were not found in the xylemand sclerenchyma tissues.
Dichotomous role of autophagy in cancer
Authors: Arif Amin , Khawar Muhammad Babar , Mehmood Rabia , Abbasi Muddasir Hassan , Sheikh Nadeem
Published: August 2022

Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that plays physiological and pathological roles in a cell. Its effect on cellular metabolism, the proteome, and the number and quality of organelles, diversely holds the potential to alter cellular functions. It acts paradoxically in cancer as a tumor inhibitor as well as a tumor promoter. In the early stage of tumorigenesis, it prevents tumor initiation by the so-called “quality control mechanism” and suppresses cancer progression. For late-staged tumors that are exposed to stress, it acts as a vibrant process of degradation and recycling that promotes cancer by facilitating metastasis. Despite this dichotomy, the crucial role of autophagy is evident in cancer, and associated with mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR), p53, and Ras-derived major cancer networks. Irrespective of the controversy regarding autophagic manipulation, promotion and suppression of autophagy act as potential therapeutic targets in cancer treatment and may provide various anticancer therapies.
Ultrasonographic shear wave elastography of the thyroid in patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Burakgazi Gulen , Ilhan Gul , Ozcan Oguzhan , Dirican Emre
Published: August 2022

Background

Although thyroid radiology has been conducted in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA), to our knowledge, there is no report of thyroid gland assessment using ultrasonographic shear wave elastography (US-SWE).

Objectives

To determine values for ultrasonographic US-SWE of the thyroid in patients with SCA and correlations between thyroid elasticity and biochemical variables used to evaluate thyroid function.

Methods

Prospective case–control observational study of 36 patients with SCA and 33 healthy volunteer controls. US-SWE measurements of thyroid gland parenchyma and biochemical parameters of the participants were obtained and compared, and the diagnostic accuracy of elasticity was determined.

Results

The thyroid volume was smaller in patients with SCA than that in controls (P = 0.001). Compared with the controls, the patients with SCA had significantly lower serum levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3) (P = 0.004) and thyroglobulin (Tg) (P = 0.001) and significantly higher levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (P = 0.028). Thyroid stiffness was significantly higher in the left lobe (LL) of the patients with SCA than in the controls (P = 0.003). In the patients with SCA, we found a significant correlation between right lobe (RL) and LL stiffness and serum levels of Tg (RL [r = −0.439] and LL [r = −0.484]; P = 0.021) and fT3 (RL [r = −0.463] and LL [r = −0.386]; P = 0.012). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of thyroid elasticity that represented a diagnosis of SCA found a cutoff of >7.31 kPa, a sensitivity of 52.0%, and a specificity of 72.0% for the RL (P = 0.316, area under the curve [AUC] 0.570), and a cutoff of >8.06 kPa, a sensitivity of 58.0%, and a specificity of 84.0% for the LL (P = 0.011, AUC 0.680).

Conclusions

US-SWE can be used to follow up thyroid changes in patients with SCA.
ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR IN HEIS. AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
FROM STUDENTS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: AGHEORGHIESEI Monica , BERCU Ana-Maria
Published: August 2022

Issues specific to ethics and academic integrity cover a wide range of fields and can take the form of professional
ethics, the ethics of scientific research, the ethics of relationships between students and between students and teachers,
and the ethics of classroom activities. Violation of academic integrity is also known as “academic misconduct” or “academic
dishonesty”. There are different ways of committing acts of violation of academic integrity, but it is important to keep in
mind that committing any of them has consequences that will be reflected in both academic and professional life.
Therefore, it is important to be known, recognized, and avoided. The main aim of our research is to explore the student’s
perception about the ethical norms and academic integrity during the didactical and research activity at their university.
Our findings show that students have knowledge about the academic integrity norms and can respect them, but,
sometimes, if it is easy to obtain the same result, they decide to use the unethical practices (copy-paste, wrong citation,
plagiarism). Results, implications, and future directions of research are presented.
A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON CIVIL SERVANTS’
MOTIVATION FROM ROMANIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: PROFIROIU Alina-Georgiana , SABIE Oana-Matilda , NASTACĂ Corina-Cristiana
Published: August 2022

Since the beginning of 1975, researchers have grown their interest in public service motivation and, despite the
increased number of publications until our days, no research has been developed on PSM in the Romanian’ public
administration system. The present study analyses the motivation system in the Romanian public administration and the
prime goal was to find out the main problems and aspects that must be improved in order to increase both the extrinsic
and intrinsic motivation among Romanian’ civil servants. The research is based on a qualitative approach, being an
exploratory study conducted using two research methods: the analysis of the official documents and the opinion survey
based on an interview, in order to design a series of proposals for improving civil servants’ current level of motivation. The
results show a difference in the respondents’ answers regarding the system of motivation for civil servants. The participants
in the interview were respondents from the central and local public administration.
Analisis Simbolisme Jepang dalam Seragam Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Arum Sari Puspa Ratu Suci , Hamidah Idah , Puspitasari Diana
Published: August 2022

The symbols on junior high school uniforms in Japan have different meanings. The purpose of this study is to describe the meaning of semiotics (denotative, connotative, and myth) in junior high school uniforms in Japan using Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. This research is a qualitative descriptive study research with literature study data collection techniques. The results of the analysis show six symbols whose meanings can be known, namely the school uniform was not only clothes worn by certain groups, but there are several semiotic meanings contained in parts of the school uniform. In addition, school coats are required to be in a dark color, which is a tradition in Japan where students are prohibited from wearing brightly colored coats. They wear a suit collar with a standard collar shape which is the best collar to use in any occasion, the symbol in the middle of the coat buttons means an identifier of the origin of the uniform, the coat pocket is decorative and is used to place an item. Then the purpose of using ties is for the student to be more confident and learn to dress neatly, white school shirts like school shirts in general symbolize cleanliness and innocence which makes students look formal when attending school, and school skirts that cover part or all of their legs part to show the feminist side of female students.
Faktor Keterlibatan Jepang dalam Perang Dunia II pada Film Rengou Kantai Shirei Choukan Yamamoto Isoroku
Authors: Wedagama I Dewa Gede Radiantha , Budiana I Made
Published: August 2022

Japan is one of the countries that was actively involved in World War II. In the war, Japan joined Germany and Italy to fight the US and its allies. However, World War II ended with Japan's defeat in 1945. This study aims to determine the factors of Japan's involvement in World War II in the film Rengou Kantai Shirei Choukan Yamamoto Isoroku by Izuru Narushima. Data was collected using the method of observation and documentation. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive analysis method and the results are presented using informal methods. The theory used in this research is the New Historicism theory by Greenblatt (1980). The results of the analysis show that there are three factors behind Japan's involvement in World War II. The three factors are 1) the belief that war can end the economic crisis; 2) Japan's dream of liberating Asia; and 3) the memory of Japan's victories in wars in the past.
Panorama das pesquisas sobre a participação das mulheres na construção da astronomia nos séculos XIX e XX
Authors: Sitko Camila Maria
Published: August 2022

A contribuição feminina na produção do conhecimento em Astronomia ao longo da História aparece, em geral, como periférica (ou em alguns casos é omitida), mesmo que muitas vezes as mulheres tenham sido protagonistas na construção dessa ciência. Neste trabalho, realizou-se uma pesquisa do tipo estado do conhecimento, a fim de se avaliar a presença de artigos, teses e dissertações que tratem de contribuições femininas para a construção da Astronomia nos séculos XIX e XX. Os resultados mostram poucas produções, em detrimento da participação real das mulheres na área. Assim, faz-se necessário que reconstruções históricas desse período sejam realizadas, para se conhecer melhor a História da Astronomia e para apresentar as contribuições femininas na área.
Bendito entre as mulheres: a presença masculina na educação infantil
Authors: Santos Hugo Marangoni , Venco Selma Borghi
Published: August 2022

O artigo busca discutir as configurações das relações sociais de sexo entre docentes da Educação Infantil, vinculados à rede municipal no interior paulista. As reflexões tecidas resultam de pesquisa qualitativa, em seu caráter documental e empírica, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores e professoras do segmento em tela. A articulação entre as categorias de análise, trabalho e gênero, associadas aos relatos dos e das docentes, evidenciam que a tensão e a vigilância sobre os homens, oriundas das famílias e de seus pares, contraditoriamente, podem ser convertidas em espaços de maior proteção e apreciação das práticas masculinas, reafirmando a reprodução da divisão sexual do trabalho, posto que findam por intensificar o trabalho feminino nas escolas.
Gênero, raça, sexualidade e classe nos projetos político-pedagógicos em cursos de psicologia
Authors: Gomes Vanilce Farias , Sathler Conrado Neves , Farias Marisa de Fátima Lomba de
Published: August 2022

Objetivamos apresentar, por meio da análise discursiva, alguns efeitos de sentido percebidos nos projetos político-pedagógicos (PPP) das graduações em Psicologia, de 15 Instituições de Ensino Superior, sobre gênero, sexualidade, raça e classe em perspectiva interseccional. A hipótese é a de que mesmo buscando atender orientações normativas do Estado sobre a transversalidade dos direitos humanos nos currículos, os cursos revelam o tácito acordo com o pacto narcísico da branquitude. Concluímos que gênero, raça, sexualidade e classe estão presentes, majoritariamente nos PPP, como resposta às orientações legais. A transversalidade não representa mudança ou ruptura com/nas estruturas sociais, mas emerge na escrita como artifício e produz a falsa sensação de compromisso social.
Sexualidade, ética e feminismos – velhos e novos dilemas
Authors: Rodrigues Alexnaldo Teixeira
Published: August 2022

Este artigo reflete sobre a articulação entre sexualidade, ética e feminismos, no sentido de que esses campos convergem para definir comportamentos, atitudes e valores das pessoas em todo o mundo. A pesquisa é bibliográfica, realizada a partir de obras de cunho científico-filosófico no tocante à sexualidade. Decerto, a ética sexual possibilita às pessoas descobrir e ressignificar normas de conduta sexual satisfatórias para si, ao mesmo tempo em que se compromete com o respeito e a importância do universo partilhado. Como resultado, foi possível demarcar que a articulação desses campos contribui para a efetivação de práticas pedagógicas que atendam a demandas pessoais e sociais, na medida em que rompem com uma moral de imperativos heterônomos e cria condições para o enfrentamento de novos.
Políticas públicas de gêneros e sexualidades: proposta de formação continuada docente em rede com o uso da webquest
Authors: Sasso Andrea Geraldi , França Fabiane Freire
Published: August 2022

As discussões sobre as Políticas Públicas de Gêneros e Sexualidades no Brasil, e/ou sua ausência na formação continuada, têm se configurado um desafio para a educação. Diante disso, o objetivo do artigo é apresentar uma proposta de formação continuada, por meio do uso de WebQuest, para docentes dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Foi adotada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental no viés dos Estudos Culturais e que buscou responder: de que maneira as Políticas Públicas sobre Gêneros e Sexualidades podem ser contempladas na formação continuada e nas práticas da educação pública municipal? Os resultados evidenciam a possibilidade de formação em rede e o uso da WebQuest como recurso científico e pedagógico de formação às Secretarias Municipais de Educação e às/aos docentes.
Gênero e sexualidade na escola do campo: desafios e possibilidades da prática docente
Authors: Silva Luciane Olegario da , Schwendler Sônia Fátima
Published: August 2022

O presente estudo aborda os temas gênero e sexualidade como dimensões da formação humana, no contexto escolar em um assentamento de reforma agrária. Tendo como base as percepções dos/as professores/as, da equipe pedagógica e direção da Escola Estadual do Campo José Martí, assim como das contribuições dos estudos de gênero e sexualidade na educação, examina como as questões de gênero e sexualidade são trabalhadas na especificidade da Educação do Campo. Apesar da quase ausência da formação de educadores/as, a pesquisa evidencia iniciativas para a superação de preconceitos e discriminações, dando visibilidade à diversidade de gênero e sexual e à igualdade de gênero, no espaço escolar, nas famílias e na comunidade.
دور القضاء الدستوري في حماية التعددية المجتمعية في العراق
Authors: Khalid Abdulrahman Aveen , Jameel Shexo Renjbar
Published: August 2022

يعتبر القضاء الدستوري أهم أجهزة السلطة القضائية الاتحادية، وهو من أهم المرتكزات التي تقوم عليها الدولة الفيدرالية، إنطلاقاً من ذلك، فقد منح الدستور له العديد من الصلاحيات والاختصاصات المختلفة وجعله ذو مكانة سامية لكونها سلطة حامية للدستور وحافظة لوحدة البلاد، وتماشياً مع دورها في إرساء دعائم دولة القانون، وبناء دولة المؤسسات التي تحافظ على وحدة المجتمع من خلال الاعتراف بالثقافات المجتمعية المتنوعة، ينبغي أن يكون أعضاء هذه المحكمة على درجة من الخبرة المهنية والسياسية والنزاهة والعلمية والحياد والاستقلال لا سيما في الدول ذات المجتمعات المتعددة وغير المتجانسة  مثل العراق، باعتبار أن المحكمة الدستورية هي الملاذ الوحيد التي يمكن اللجوء إليه من قبل كافة المكونات المجتمعية المختلفة لحماية حقوقهم الدستورية في حال انتهاكهم وتجاوز عليهم من قبل السلطات السياسية داخل الدولة. إنطلاقاً من ذلك أن لتشكيل المحكمة الدستورية وتحديد أختصاصاتها وكذلك ضمانات استقلالها أثر كبير في حماية التعددية المجتمعية في الدولة الفيدرالية.

فلا يكفي الأعتراف الدستوري بثقافة وبخصوصيات الجماعات المجتمعية المختلفة، كما انه لا قيمة لمشاركة تلك الجماعات في السلطات الاتحادية، ما لم يكن هناك جهة قضائية مستقلة ومحايدة لها صلاحية حامية الدستور، لأن القضاء المستقل والمحايد هو السد المنيع أمام تجاوز أو تعسف السلطات الاتحادية في استعمال صلاحياتها أو خروجها من حدودها الدستورية. والمعلوم في الدولة الفيدرالية هو أن الدستور يعطي هذا الدور إلى المحكمة الدستورية أو ما يسمى بـ(القضاء الدستوري) لكونها أهم مؤسسة قضائية داخل الدولة ولها أختصاصات عدة من شأنها حماية كافة المكونات المجتمعية داخل الدولة. من هنا تظهر أهمية البحث في دور القضاء الدستوري في حماية التعددية المجتمعية في الدولة الفيدرالية.
College Athletes’ Views on Academics: A Qualitative Assessment of Perceptions of Academic Success
Authors: Brouwer Amanda , Johanson John , Carlson Thomas
Published: August 2022

The primary purpose of the current study was to give “voice” to college athletes regarding their views on academics. Given their perspectives, means of promoting their academic achievement were suggested. Research describing athletes’ experiences and the impact of socio-emotional stressors on academic success, especially for those not at a Division I school, is needed. Therefore, a qualitative study exploring the academic experiences of college athletes was conducted. Twelve focus groups of college athletes (N = 62) from six teams were held. Results revealed that college athletes are motivated to achieve by external factors and see grades as an external evaluation of performance. Athletes communicate with one another about grades, but this is generally limited to specific assignments rather than semester-long evaluations. Reaching out to academic support staff early in one’s career was reported as helpful, and academic performance could be improved with better communication with professors and more time management skills. The findings provide tools to develop more effective and tailored support programs for college athletes.
A Primer on the Income Tax Consequences of the NCAA’s Name, Image and Likeness (NIL) Earnings for College Athletes
Authors: Messina Marena , Messina Frank
Published: August 2022

NCAA domestic college athletes can now financially benefit from their name, image, and likeness (NIL). The purpose of this article is to “educate” athletes on the new NIL rules in financial literacy. With new NIL income flowing to athletes, federal income tax consequences of these transactions must be addressed. This article results in a detailed introduction to the applicable federal tax rules regarding NIL income for athletes to stay in compliance with those laws. From understanding NIL income, to how the tax formula works, what tax forms apply, and what taxes may be due, this article provides a comprehensive toolkit for athletes who will be financially benefitting from NIL. Athletes must learn to understand the tax rules associated with the income from the NIL. In general, most athletes earning equal to or less than $12,550 in NIL income should have no federal income tax due. However, athletes likely must fill out tax returns, and as self-employed taxpayers, may owe self-employment taxes. Most athletes have spent many hours weekly and yearly mastering the sport and more than likely not as much time holding jobs. As such, there is a lack of basic understanding of the United States’ income tax system.
PENINGKATAN KETERTARIKAN DAN PENGETAHUAN SISWA/I DALAM MEMPELAJARI BAM MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA AJAR INTERAKTIF
Authors: Rusydi Muhammad Ilhamdi , Utami Pepi Putri , Fikri Muhammad , Surbakti Agung Wibowo Ardiyanta , Halim Pratama , Rahman Aulia
Published: August 2022

Media ajar memiliki peranan dalam peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa. SDN No. 14 Pauh, Padang, mengalami permasalahan dalam pelaksanaan kelas Budaya Alam Minangkabau (BAM). Mata pelajaran yang merupakan muatan lokal daerah Sumatera Barat ini tidak hanya kekurangan referensi namun juga kesulitan dalam mengembangkan media ajar. Hal tersebut berdampak terhadap ketertarikan siswa/i di dalam kelas. Tulisan ini menjelaskan pengaruh media ajar interaktif yang dirancang terhadap ketertarikan siswa/i dalam mengikuti pelajaran BAM. Sampel sebanyak 22 siswa kelas 4. Materi ajar yang dibahas adalah pakaian adat, randai, silek, rumah gadang dan seni ukir Minangkabau. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Terdapat dua media ajar utama yang dikembangkan, yaitu laman www.sibuyuang.com dan museum mini yang disebut Pojok Minangkabau. Laman website memiliki beberapa fitur selain materi ajar berupa teks, yaitu video interaktif, permainan edukatif dan buku pop-up ber-teknologi Augmented Reality. Pojok Minangkabau menawarkan konsep museum mini dengan beberapa koleksi khas minangkabau seperti ukiran, peralatan musik dan pakaian. Implementasi media ajar telah dilakukan sebanyak enam kali. Empat pertemuan pertama digunakan untuk mengevaluasi ketertarikan siswa menggunakan strategi hand signal sedangkan dua pertemuan terakhir berhubungan dengan pengetahuan siswa berdasarkan ujian lisan dan ujian tertulis. Uji T digunakan untuk mengevaluasi hipotesis dengan tingkat keyakinan 5%. Dari empat kali pertemuan pertama, didapatkan ketertarikan siswa/i setelah menggunakan media ajar interaktif lebih besar daripada sebelum menggunakan. Hal yang sama juga ditemukan pada evaluasi terhadap pengetahuan siswa pada dua pertemuan terakhir. Hasil tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa media ajar yang dikembangkan telah berhasil meningkatkan ketertarikan dan pengetahuan siswa/i dalam mempelajari pelajaran BAM.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI BIOGAS
Authors: Putri Renny Eka , Andasuryani Andasuryani , Arlius Feri , Santosa Santosa , Azrifirwan Azrifirwan , Putri Irriwat
Published: August 2022

Kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan limbah pertanian dan peternakan menyebabkan masih banyak masyarakat tidak memanfaatkan kotoran ternak dan limbah pertanian yang sangat melimpah untuk dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat tani dalam memanfaatkan limbah pertanian yang ada di kawasan limau manis. Khalayak sasaran dari kegiatan ini adalah peternak sapi yang memiliki 4 ekor sapi di rumahnya di kawasan Limau Manis kampus Universitas Andalas. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan meliputi pembuatan alat, penyuluhan, praktik teknologi dan pendampingan. Kegiatan ini juga melibatkan mahasiswa, di mana mahasiswa sebagai salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang dapat melakukan perubahan yang lebih cepat dalam usaha menciptakan masyarakat yang lebih sejahtera dan makmur. Kegiatan ini juga melalui pendekatan pada petani untuk menumbuhkan dan meningkatkan motivasi untuk memanfaatkan limbah yang selama ini dibuang. Penerapan teknologi biogas bagi petani yang memiliki peternakan dapat memberikan keuntungan ekonomis apabila dilakukan teknik yang tepat dari segi rancangannya. Rancangan teknis meliputi: desain biodigester, desain penyaluran gas dan desain tangki penampung. Kegiatan ini telah berhasil memberikan pengetahuan pada petani dalam pemanfaatan limbah Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah telah dibuat instalasi biogas dengan kotoran sapi telah berhasil dilakukan dengan terbentuknya gas dan kompor yang sudah dapat digunakan, dan pupuk cair yang dihasilkan telah digunakan sebagai pengganti pupuk kimia pada tanaman cabe.
DIGITAL MARKETING UNTUK PRODUK UNGGULAN NAGARI BUKIK BATABUAH KABUPATEN AGAM
Authors: Ferdian Rian , Aisuwarya Ratna , Hersyah Mohammad Hafiz , Putri Rahmi Eka , Yendri Dodon , Kasoep Werman , Arief Lathifah , Derisma Derisma , Yolanda Desta , Novani Nefy Puteri
Published: August 2022

Produk unggulan nagari adalah produksi utama sebuah nagari dimana sebagian besar masyarakatnya menggantungkan hidup pada produk tersebut. Nagari Bukik Batabuah terkenal dengan produksi unggulan masyarakatnya berupa Susu Kambing. Produk unggulan nagari ini memiliki citra rasa khas dan kualitas yang baik, akan tetapi produk-produk unggulan nagari ini masih hanya dikenal oleh kalangan terbatas dan dipasarkan dalam ruang lingkup yang kecil. Industri susu kambing di nagari Bukik Batabuah di bawah unit pengolahan susu (UPS) kelompok tani Rantiang Ameh. Susu kambing sudah memiliki pasar tersendiri dikarenakan khasiatnya yang banyak untuk kesehatan. Susu kambing dipercayai dapat menyembuhkan penyakit asma, gangguan pernapasan, asam urat, diabetes, osteoporosis, rematik dan mag. UPS Rantiang Ameh baru berproduksi tahun 2014 saat ini pemasarannya menyerap 30 L susu kambing per harinya. Masih rendahnya pengetahuan produsen industri di nagari tentang penggunaan media website, sosial media dan market place menjadikan wilayah pemasaran produk unggulan nagari tidak mengalami perkembangan yang berarti dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun belakangan. Oleh karena itu, pada pengabdian masyarakat ini, program studi Sistem Komputer berencana untuk mengenalkan pemanfaatan digital marketing untuk produk unggulan nagari di Nagari Bukik Batabuah, Kabupaten Agam.
Lineamientos de política de uso de agua para las actividades productivas de subsistencia en la zona rural andina
Authors: Corrales Silvia Milena , Restrepo Tarquino Inés
Published: August 2022

Los usos múltiples del agua son un concepto asociado al acceso al agua por parte de las familias campesinas de las zonas rurales tanto para sus actividades humanas como productivas de subsistencia desde sistemas de abastecimiento domésticos. Esta tendencia implica que los sistemas incluyan en sus dotaciones de agua la cantidad suficiente para que la gente realice sus actividades productivas de subsistencia considerando el uso de diversos tipos de fuentes de agua y la conservación del agua dentro del ciclo antrópico la mayor cantidad de tiempo y usos posibles. En Colombia, la normatividad separa los sectores doméstico y agropecuario, por lo que las actividades productivas de subsistencia no son cobijadas por ningún sector, dejándolas en la ilegalidad de tomar agua de sistemas considerados domésticos o sin el beneficio de un distrito de riego, lo que les implica a las familias campesinas una lucha constante para conseguir su sustento. En aras de avanzar hacia la disminución de la inequidad, lograr una mejor calidad de vida de los habitantes y reivindicar las labores fundamentales de los campesinos rurales colombianos, este libro presenta los resultados de una investigación doctoral orientada a la construcción de lineamientos de políticas públicas para las actividades de subsistencia de la zona rural andina colombiana, es decir, para los usos múltiples del agua. Los lineamientos son un primer paso para abordar el abastecimiento de agua para actividades domésticas y productivas pensados desde la delimitación de las magnitudes de las actividades, la disponibilidad de fuentes de agua y tipos de sistemas de abastecimiento, las necesidades de renovación institucional para adoptarlas y la adaptación del manejo de los sistemas. Los lineamientos de política de uso del agua incluyen una caracterización de las actividades productivas de subsistencia y están estructurados en principios, objetivos y líneas estratégicas, basados en la magnitud de las actividades, la delimitación de las fuentes de agua y los sistemas de abastecimiento, la promoción de la renovación institucional y el fortalecimiento del manejo de los sistemas. Además, el libro presenta una metodología de evaluación de los lineamientos de política pública usando lógica difusa, lo cual permite determinar el estado de los sistemas de abastecimiento antes, durante y después de aplicar los lineamientos. Esta investigación se enmarca en los preceptos conceptuales de la gestión integrada del recurso hídrico, los socioecosistemas, la pobreza, las políticas públicas y la ecología política, fundamentalmente.
ANALISIS KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI PULAU JAWA DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA TAHUN 2010- 2019
Authors: Violin Zhilal Ilvadea , Lutfi M. Yudhi
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor pertumbuhan ekonomi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia dan Jumlah Penduduk terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan dan melihat provinsi mana yang berkontribusi paling tinggi terhadap ketimpangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi Panel dengan bantuann alat analisis Eviews 9. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini data adalah data Indeks Gini, PDRB Per Provinsi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, dan Jumlah Penduduk dari 6 Provinsi dalam jangka waktu 2010 hingga 2019. Hasil yang didapat memperlihatkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi dan Jumlah Penduduk berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan, sedangkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia tidak berpengaruh terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan. Dari hasil konstanta yang didapat menunjukan bahwa DI Yogyakarta merupakan provinsi dengan tingkat ketimpangan tertinggi.
O COMPORTAMENTO INTRAEMPREENDEDOR SOB A LUZ DA TEORIA DAS DEMANDAS E RECURSOS DE TRABALHO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Ziesmann Fortes Fernando , Dai Prá Martens Cristina
Published: August 2022

Este artigo foi um estudo teórico voltado a analisar a literatura que relaciona o comportamento intraempreendedor com variáveis que fazem parte da teoria das demandas de recursos e trabalho (Job Demands-Resources Theory, ou JD-R), de modo especial o engajamento no trabalho, a exaustão no trabalho e os recursos psicológicos. O estudo envolveu uma revisão sistemática da literatura de 40 artigos sobre o comportamento intraempreendedor. O processo de revisão destacou como descobertas o crescimento dos estudos sobre o comportamento intraempreendedor com alguns dos temas da teoria JD-R, como o engajamento no trabalho, os recursos psicológicos e sua relação com o bem-estar das pessoas em suas atividades laborais. No entanto, estudos relacionando o comportamento intraempreendedor com outros estados de bem-estar, como a exaustão decorrente do estresse no trabalho, se mostraram escassos. A revisão da literatura também revelou a ocorrência de poucos estudos sobre o comportamento intraempreendedor que envolvessem o tema dos recursos psicológicos. O artigo termina por discutir os horizontes de possibilidades nos estudos futuros sobre intraempreendedorismo com temas sobre bem-estar no trabalho.
EFEITOS DO CRÉDITO RURAL PARA O ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL NO PERÍODO DE 2013 A 2019
Authors: Torres Ronaldo , Bender Filho Reisoli , Machado de Pereira Mateus
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as relações entre a demanda por crédito rural, a área produzida, emprego e a rentabilidade da agricultura. Para isso, foram aplicadas duas metodologias, a primeira é o Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) e a segunda o modelo Panel Vector Autoregression (PVAR) para os municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, no período de 2013 a 2019. Os resultados apontam que o crédito rural tem baixo efeito sobre o aumento da produtividade agrícola, decorrente, em alguma medida, da subutilização dos recursos provenientes desses programas de crédito, bem como a utilização, em grande parte, para o custeio de safra; em contrapartida, verificou-se que a maior demanda por crédito resulta da expansão da área plantada. Ainda, a expansão da área cultivada reduz inicialmente a rentabilidade da agricultura, resultado que condiz com a expansão da produção ocorrer frequentemente para áreas menos produtivas.
ARRANJOS DE GOVERNANÇA E ATRAÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES INTERNACIONAIS NO BRASIL, FRANÇA E PORTUGAL
Authors: Goes Marcos Linhares , Freire de Lucena Andréa
Published: August 2022

O objetivo do artigo é comparar os arranjos de governança e as estratégias adotadas por França, Portugal e Brasil e verificar quais atraem mais estudantes internacionais. Dados primários e secundários foram coletados e analisados, por meio da análise de conteúdo dos documentos e da rede social, que compõem a estrutura de governança de cada país da amostra. Os resultados revelaram que a França tem a estratégia de aumentar sua participação na atração de estudantes internacionais. Portugal busca incentivar as instituições a atrair mais estudantes internacionais, para colaborar no financiamento delas e preencher as vagas ociosas, ocasionadas pelo envelhecimento da população. O Brasil não tem uma estratégia para a atração de estudantes internacionais. O estudo contribui, por intermédio da comparação da governança dos casos selecionados, para a compreensão da estratégia, do nível de coesão entre os atores e da relação entre a estratégia e a capacidade governamental para atrair estudantes internacionais.