bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of the role of pronator quadratus repair versus no pronator quadratus repair in volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Choudhary Rakesh , Rahman Shamir
Published: January 2025

Background: There is a controversy regarding the merits of repairing pronator quadratus (PQ) following volar plate fixation of distal radius fracture via Henry’s approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the post-operative functional outcome between those with PQ repair vs those without PQ repair.
Methods: The 41 patients (33 males and 8 females) were included in this randomized controlled trial as per our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these 21 patients were in group A in which PQ repair was done and 20 patients were in group B in which PQ repair was not done. Both groups were compared with DASH score, wrist range of motion, post-operative pain and grip strength.
Results: The patients were followed up for minimum 1 year. Patients in both the groups shared similar baseline and demographic characteristics. There was no significant difference in the mean DASH score and mean grip strength at any point of time in follow up. However, wrist flexion at 6 weeks was better in group A (p=0.03) along with post-operative pain at 2nd and 6th week (p=0.035, 0.039). 
Conclusions: PQ repair during volar plating of distal radius fractures does not provide any significant better functional outcome, range of motion and grip strength, especially in long run. But it reduced early post-operative pain significantly.
Polarization structure of optical vortices in inclined Laguerre-Gaussian beams passed through a uniaxial crystal
Authors:   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Egorov Yu.A. , Rubass A.F. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: January 2025

The work shows that in linearly polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beams passing through an anisotropic medium at an angle to the optical axis of the crystal, the distribution of optical vortices is devoid of axial symmetry. It is shown that the trajectories of movement of polarization singularities in the plane of the Laguerre-Gauss beam are different for different cases of input linear polarization at angles γ=±45° and there is an exchange of optical vortices, provided that the sign of the topological charge is preserved. It is shown that when the axis of an anisotropic medium is tilted, the movement of optical vortices occurs, accompanied by topological reactions of creation, destruction, or displacement of optical vortices to the periphery of the beam. It is characteristic that at angles of inclination by linear polarization γ=+45°, topological reactions of creation and annihilation occur, and at angles γ=–45°, topological reactions of displacement of optical vortices to the periphery of the beam occur.
Transverse spin Hall effect and polarization twist ribbon at the sharp focus
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University, Telegin A.M. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University, Kozlova E.S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University
Published: January 2025

In this work, using the Richards-Wolf formalism, we found explicit analytical expressions for the coordinates of the major and minor axes of the polarization ellipse centered in the focal plane for a cylindrical vector beam of integer order n. For such a beam, the major axis of the polarization ellipse lies in the focal plane, whereas the minor axis is perpendicular to the focal plane. Therefore, the polarization ellipse is perpendicular to the focal plane, with the polarization vector rotating clockwise or counterclockwise in this plane (producing 'optical wheels'). Considering that the wave vector is also perpendicular to the focal plane, the polarization ellipse and the wave vector turn out to lie in the same plane, so that at some point of time the polarization vector can coincide with the wave vector, which is not usual for transverse electromagnetic oscillations. For a cylindrical vector beam, the spin angular momentum vector lies in the focal plane. So, when going around a certain circle with the center on the optical axis, the spin vector is directed counterclockwise in some sections of the circle, and clockwise in other sections. This effect can be called the transverse (azimuthal) optical spin Hall effect, in contrast to the well-known longitudinal optical spin Hall effect at the sharp focus. The longitudinal spin Hall effect is understood as the separation in the focal plane of regions with different signs of the longitudinal projection of the spin angular momentum vector. This work shows that there is always an even number of such regions and that when going around a circle, the vector of the major axis of the polarization ellipse forms a two-sided twist surface with an even number of turns.
Vector analysis of the interference of paired coplanar beams with linear or circular polarization
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Khonina S.N. ,   Samara National Research University, Ustinov A.V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Porfirev A.P. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University
Published: January 2025

In this work, using a focusing formalism based on Richards–Wolf theory, the multi-beam interference of two and four light beams with linear or circular polarization with different orthogonality and orientation of the polarization vector is numerically studied. The possibility of forming light fields with a periodic polarization structure is demonstrated. In particular, it is established that when focusing four beams equidistant from the optical axis with changing linear polarization orientation, which mimics a change in the polarization vector of a single radially or azimuthally polarized beam, periodic light fields are formed. The polarization distribution of such fields is actually a set of polarization singularities corresponding to radially and azimuthally polarized beams. The proposed approach does not require the manufacture of complex subwavelength gratings, grating-based elements, or modal superposition of light fields with the aid of diffractive optical elements or spatial light modulators. The generated light fields make it possible to significantly speed up the process of laser processing of light-sensitive thin-film materials aimed at creating arrays of various ordered nano- and microstructures.
Saúde Indígena: Abordagens Antropológicas e Epidemiológicas
Authors: Dias-Scopel Raquel , Pícoli Renata Palópoli , Scopel Daniel , Lemos Everton Ferreira , Guilhermino Jislaine de Fátima
Published: January 2025

O livro “Saúde Indígena: Abordagens Antropológicas e Epidemiológicas” é uma coletânea organizada por Raquel Dias-Scopel, Renata Palópoli Pícoli, Daniel Scopel, Everton Ferreira Lemos e Jislaine de Fátima Guilhermino. Ele visa contribuir para a melhoria das políticas públicas de saúde dos Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Dividido em duas seções principais — uma de abordagem antropológica e outra epidemiológica —, o livro traz reflexões e pesquisas sobre a saúde indígena em diferentes regiões do Brasil, com foco especial na população do Mato Grosso do Sul.

Na seção antropológica, os textos discutem a saúde indígena sob o prisma cultural, considerando as práticas tradicionais de cura, os impactos da violência estrutural e a participação social na saúde. Já a seção epidemiológica explora a situação de saúde dessas populações, contemplando reflexões relacionadas à problemática da oferta e acesso do pré-natal para as mulheres indígenas, das iniquidades étnico-raciais no acesso e utilização dos serviços de saúde, da violência contra a mulher por parceiros íntimos e a pandemia de covid-19.

O livro é resultado de um projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido durante a pandemia da covid-19, com o objetivo de mitigar as desigualdades sociais que afetam os Povos Indígenas. Ele também aborda os desafios enfrentados por essas populações e propõe novas perspectivas e estratégias de cuidado que unam os saberes indígenas e o sistema de saúde oficial.
Gestão e Práticas em Saúde Coletiva: desigualdade social e violências em saúde
Authors: Andrade Maria Angélica Carvalho , Lima Rita de Cássia Duarte , Turino Fabiana , Barbosa Jeanine Pacheco Moreira , Sarti Thiago Dias , Garcia Ana Claudia Pinheiro , Lima Eliane de Fátima Almeida
Published: January 2025

O Núcleo de Pesquisa em Política, Gestão e Avaliação em Saúde Coletiva (NUPGASC) se viu mais uma vez mobilizado a reacender o debate das desigualdades, que produzem iniquidades e violências em saúde, por meio de suas produções e pesquisas, resultando na criação do terceiro volume dessa produção.

Assumindo um compromisso ético-político, nos colocamos, enquanto pesquisadoras e pesquisadores, a pensar sobre as iniquidades que assolam o país, fazendo da escrita um território de luta e resistência. Desse modo, este livro nasce da aposta em uma produção que não se restringe a meros relatos de resultados de pesquisa. Assumimos uma escrita implicada que nos permite questionar e ampliar nossa compreensão do mundo, buscando múltiplas narrativas.

Com este livro, discentes, docentes e pesquisadores parceiros erguem voz e ouvidos, dando lugar à escuta de tantas causas. O que se almeja é a concepção de sujeitos éticos, críticos e que combatam toda e qualquer ideologia que produza iniquidades. Nesse ponto, compreende-se que um Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva deve se constituir, sobretudo, como espaço de formação e de emancipação de sujeitos para que se tornem agentes de transformação social, reafirmando o compromisso com os valores de equidade e cidadania.
The impact of legal framework on cyberfraud perpetration in the South African banking industry
Authors: Akinbowale Oluwatoyin Esther , Zerihun Mulatu Fekadu , Mashigo Polly
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of legal framework on cyberfraud perpetration in the South African banking industry. The banking institution in South Africa is faced with the increasing rate of cyberfraud perpetration, which affects the performance of the banks, customer satisfaction, profitability, as well as banking reputation. This study combines the explanatory research approach, systematic literature review, and quantitative survey to investigate the impact of legal framework on cyberfraud perpetration in the South African banking industry. Initially, a total of 1579 literature were gathered from institution’s report and academic database using search engines. However, the application of the inclusion criteria screened the literature to 50. Furthermore, a quantitative survey involving the use of a structured questionnaire and expert sampling of key organisational staff saddled with the responsibility of cyberfraud mitigation was conducted across the 17 licensed banks in South Africa, and the outcome was analysed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 2022 environment. The outcome of the review indicated the presence of legal frameworks, yet with an increasing rate of cyberfraud perpetration. Both the outcome of the review and survey criticised the non-stringent nature of the cyber laws and the non-implementation of some of its provisions.
How sustainability reporting affects equity capital costs: Sustainability assurance and assurance providers as moderating variables
Authors: Hamidah Hamidah , Naimah Zahroh
Published: January 2025

This research provides empirical evidence on how sustainability reporting is associated with reduced equity capital costs, in particular moderating the role of sustainability assurance and Big Four accounting firms. Drawing from the database of listed companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, this research will employ Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression with robust standard errors in testing the hypotheses. The findings indicate a significant negative relationship between sustainability reporting and the cost of equity capital, with sustainability assurance and Big Four firm involvement amplifying this effect. However, it should be noted that the sample size in this study is quite small, and adoption of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4 standard has been very recent, so generalizations should not be drawn from this study. The findings indicate that, beyond securing credible assurance, the quality of sustainability reports plays a crucial role in enhancing the credibility of financial reporting. This research is one of the first attempts to examine these relationships within the context of a developing country, Indonesia.
Evaluating the perspectives and skills related to research among students in graduate teacher education within the context of the Philippines
Authors: Peteros Emerson D
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the research attitudes and capabilities of 338 graduate teacher education (GTE) students taking a Master of Arts in Education who enrolled in a Research Methodology course at a Philippine state university from 2022 to 2024. A descriptive correlational research design was employed using adopted questionnaires to assess the respondents’ attitudes toward research using five components. Further, the research capabilities of the respondents were also evaluated. The respondents were chosen using convenience sampling from all subject enrollees within the prescribed school year. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized to treat the data. The results revealed that the respondents had a very positive attitude toward the usefulness of research, a very positive attitude towards research, and a positive attitude toward research relevance to life while having negative attitudes toward research anxiety and difficulties. Moreover, the respondents are highly capable in the research process while they are capable of participating in research-related activities. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between the usefulness, positive attitude, and relevance of research and research capabilities. The findings highlight GTE students' research attitudes and capabilities, offering valuable insights that encourage and support their pursuit of the research writing process.
The Effect of Baduanjin Qigong on Impact of Disease and Sleep Quality in Elderly Fibromyalgia Patients
Authors: Saeed Ali Heiresh , Khanmohammadi Razieh , Arabameri Elahe , Shaw Ina , Shaw Brandon S.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is marked by widespread chronic pain, fatigue, and disrupted sleep, significantly impacting quality of life. This study aimed to explore the effect of Baduanjin Qigong (BQ) on impact of the disease and quality of sleep in elderly patients with fibromyalgia.
 
Methods: The study employed a semi-experimental design. A total of thirty-four elderly female patients with fibromyalgia were recruited through convenience sampling and allocated into two intervention groups: BQ group (n = 17) and a walking group (n = 17). The BQ protocol was conducted for 12 weeks, with sessions held three times a week. The walking group participated in a 12 week fitness walking program. Impact of the disease and quality of sleep were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks using The Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test.
 
Results: The significant improvements were observed in PSQI total (t (16) = 3.65, p = 0.002), FIQR (t (16) = 3.76, p = 0.002), FIQR function (t (16) = 2.16, p = 0.04), FIQR symptoms (t (16) = 2.957, p = 0.009) in BQ group. There was a significant difference between the average post-test data of the walking group and BQ group in daytime dysfunction, with the BQ group performing better than the walking group (p ≤ 0.05).
 
Conclusion: BQ significantly improves fibromyalgia impact and sleep quality in elderly patients and reduces daytime dysfunction more effectively than walking. However, it is not superior to walking in other aspects of disease impact and sleep quality enhancement.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Gender Differences in Elderly People: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bahrami Pegah , Farkhani Ehsan Mosa , Nourbakhsh Sima , Sarkhosh Maryam
Published: January 2025

Introduction: As the population is aging, concerns are raised regarding the quality of life of elderly people. Men and women tend to experience aging differently due to socioeconomic differences. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the state of health-related quality of life and its gender-related discrepancies in the elderly population in Mashhad, Iran.
 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 elderly population in Mashhad, Iran. Following a multi-staged stratified sampling, participants were selected, and in order to complete the questionaries interviewed at their homes or the Health Center according to the participants’ priorities using the RAND 36-Item Health Survey (RAND-36). The survey consists of 8 scales of physical functioning (PF), role limitations caused by physical health problems (RP), role limitations caused by emotional problems (RE), social functioning (SF), emotional well-being (EW), energy/fatigue (EF), pain (P), and general health (GH). Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test.
 
Results: Men exhibited significantly higher scores on PF (71.38 ( ± 24.13) vs 57.63 ( ± 24.75), p =0.00), SF (74.22 ( ± 17.99) vs 67.27 ( ± 18.61), p =0.01), and p (77.38 ( ± 23.76) vs 64.79 ( ± 27.77), p =0.00) dimensions compared to women. Post-hoc analyses revealed that the main factors influencing the differences were variations between ages (60-65) with (70-75) and over 80 regarding PF, ages (60-65) with over 80 in RP, and finally, the difference attributed to ages (60-65) with (65-70) in GH. The comparison between the states of employment revealed that the employed individuals ranked higher in all dimensions except pain.
 
Conclusion: This study provides an overall description of the state of the health-related quality of life of the elderly in Mashhad underscoring the differences that genders exhibit in each dimension which calls for a broader gender-based assessment of quality of life in this population in Mashhad and Iran.
Comparing Personality Traits and Resilience Among Treatment-Seeking and Treatment-avoidant Elderly with Health Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Ghorbanalipour Masood , Hajihatamlou Somayeh , Hosseinlou Bahare , Nahr Ameneh Zardi
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Treatment-seeking behaviors in elderly patients can facilitate timely diagnosis and effective intervention for health issues, whereas treatment-avoidant behaviors may contribute to the progression of diseases and an increased burden of chronic conditions. Understanding the psychological factors influencing these behaviors is crucial for improving health outcomes in this population. This study aimed to compare personality traits and resilience among elderly patients with health anxiety who exhibit treatment-seeking versus treatment-avoidant behaviors.
 
Methods: This fundamental research employed a causal-comparative design. The statistical population consisted of elderly patients with health anxiety who referred to Healthcare Centers in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran, in 2023. A sample of 60 patients was selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Salkowski Health Anxiety Inventory. Hypotheses were tested using MANOVA.
 
Results: Significant differences were observed between treatment-seeking and treatment-avoidant patients in terms of personality traits and resilience (F (2, 57) = 11.28, p < 0.05). The findings highlighted that individuals with certain personality traits and higher levels of resilience were more inclined to seek treatment.
 
Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of considering personality traits and resilience as key factors when developing strategies for encouraging appropriate healthcare-seeking behaviors among elderly patients with health anxiety. Understanding these factors can inform tailored interventions to reduce treatment avoidance and improve overall health management.
Comparison of the Effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy on Mental Vitality in Caregivers of Elderly Parents
Authors: Noorali Zahra , Khakpour Reza , Jahangir Pante'a
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Caregiving burden for older adults can impose significant physical and emotional demands, leading to a reduction in mental vitality among caregiver children. Effective psychological interventions are crucial to enhance their well-being.
 
Methods: This quasi-experimental study included two psychological interventions: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT), with baseline, post-test, and follow-up phases, along with a control group for comparison. The research population comprised female caregivers who accompanied their older adults to health centers in Tehran. From a total of 169 individuals, 45 participants were selected through convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to three groups of 15 participants each, forming two experimental groups and one control group. Data were collected using the Ryan and Frederick Mental Vitality Questionnaire, and multivariate covariance analysis was applied for data analysis to assess the effectiveness of the interventions.
 
Results: The analysis showed that both ACT and EFT interventions significantly improved the mental vitality of caregiver children in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the control group (p = 0.001). Additionally, EFT demonstrated a greater impact on enhancing mental vitality compared to ACT.
 
Conclusion: Emotion-focused interventions, such as EFT, can be considered a more effective approach for improving the mental vitality of caregiver children of older adults. This highlights the importance of incorporating tailored emotional support strategies in caregiver assistance programs.
The Effects of Multimodal Exercise Program on Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Naser Abbas Abdulameer , Dehkordi Khosro Jalali , Nasser Radhi Mahmoud , Taghian Farzaneh , Chitsaz Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological illness characterized by various motor and non-motor symptoms that can lead to varying degrees of functional impairment. This study aims to investigate the effects of a multimodal exercise program (MEP) on functional capacity and quality of life in elderly patients with PD.
 
Methods: Thirty elderly patients with PD were randomly divided into two equal groups of MEP and control, with no significant differences in age, weight, and height. The variables of Functional Factors and Quality of Life were assessed in pre- and post-tests. MEP was performed five days a week for twelve weeks. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA at a significance level of p < 0.05.
 
Results: The study observed significant differences in quality of life, static balance, dynamic balance, wrist strength, and walking performance between the two groups of PD patients (p <0.001). The mean scores of quality of life, static balance, dynamic balance, and wrist strength in the MEP group were significantly higher compared to the control group (p <0.001). Additionally, after the intervention, the walking speed in the MEP group showed a significant improvement, with a lower completion time compared to the control group (p <0.001).
 
Conclusion: MEP can be used as a useful and effective method to improve quality of life, static balance, dynamic balance, wrist strength and walking performance of PD patients. Therefore, MEP (resistance, aerobic, and balance) is recommended as the most effective complementary therapeutic strategy for PD.
A Comparative Study of the Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Physical and Cognitive Health in Older Adults
Authors: Mazreno Alireza Babaei , Taghian Farzaneh
Published: January 2025

As the global population ages, maintaining health and functionality in older adults has become a key public health priority. Exercise is widely recognized as a powerful intervention to enhance physical and mental health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and improve the quality of life in older adults. Among the various types of physical activity, aerobic and resistance exercises are two of the most frequently recommended for elderly populations. This article provides a detailed comparison of these two forms of exercise, examining their effects on cardiovascular health, musculoskeletal integrity, cognitive function, metabolic health, psychological well-being, and overall quality of life in older adults.
Ecological and Geographical Characteristics of the Lake Pelenkino (Rostov
Region) Based on the Materials of Retrospective and Modern Research
Authors: Fedorov Yuri A. , Zimovets Alina A. , Dotsenko Irina V. , Gar’kusha Dmitry N. , Mikhailenko Anna V. , Dotsenko Nikolay V.
Published: January 2025

The physical and geographical characteristics and geological structure
of Lake Pelenkino are described. During the analysis of the results of the
satellite survey, it was found that the area, length and width of the water
surface of the reservoir, as well as the length of the lake's
shoreline, the elongation index, and the compactness of the lake vary
significantly both by year and by season. It has been suggested that the
water surface area and the chemical composition of the water are influenced
by both the amount of precipitation and wind-driven effects in the Sea of
Azov. The chemical composition of water and mud solution is prone to
accumulation of an equivalent amount of Mg2+ relative to Ca2+ over time,
which may be due, along with the influence of a hydrological factor, to a
change in the physical and chemical equilibrium in the water-mud system.
According to the description of the well cores, deposits up to a depth of
about 15-35 cm are represented by silt (mud), which first turns into
steel-gray clay of a semi-liquid consistency, and then to the bottom of the
layer into denser clay. The physical and chemical parameters of the mud of
Lake Pelenkino allow us to classify them as continental, silt, mineral,
medium mineralized, slightly alkaline, slightly sulfide peloids.
Lithological control was found for a set of parameters (pH, Eh, CH4,
Ssulfide), which manifests itself in their synchronous change during the
transition from silts to the bedrock sediments of the reservoir bed –
steel-gray clays. The content of gross mercury in the mud and sediments of
the lake does not exceed the threshold of the Low range of Exposure (EQL),
equal to 0.15 micrograms/g of dry weight. The bottom sediments of the rivers
of the Pelenkino Lake basin and its mud themselves are under anthropogenic
influence, which primarily forms a low level of perfringence titer values
and its virulence. The use of lake mud for therapeutic purposes without
prior preparation is not recommended.
Conditions for the Gold Deposits Formation of Gold-Quartz Formation Type
on the Example of the Hooglannach Ore Occurrence of the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma
Folded Region
Authors: Hardikov Alexander E. , Bondareva Oksana S.
Published: January 2025

The Hooglannah ore deposit is located on Ayan-Yuryakh anticlinory
territory of the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma folded region. There are unexplored gold
ore manifestations of the gold-ore-quartz formation, as well as industrial
and non-industrial placers of gold. The distribution area of gold
mineralization within the Hooglannach ore occurrence is localized in the
dyke-like body of granodiorite porphyries and in its exocontact. The host
rocks are the Atkan and Omchak formations deposits of Late Permian age,
collected in a brachysynclinal fold. An intrusive ore-controlling body is
confined to its axial part. Rocks containing volcanogenic material take part
in the structure of the host complex: tuff sandstones, tuffoaleurolites,
tuffoargillites, tuffogenic mixtites, as well as la voxtites, tuffs and
tuffites of andesite and dacite. The veined-interspersed type is the leading
structural and morphological type of mineralization. The vein-veined type
occurs rarely. Ore mineralization is represented by thin inclusions of
arsenopyrite, galena, and gold, which is usually confined to dark gray
stripes in the band parts of veins. The conducted mineralogical and
petrographic studies have established that the rocks of the intrusive body
of granodiorite porphyry accompanying the Hooglannach stock were subject to
processes corresponding to high-temperature autometasomatosis and
mesothermal near-crack metasomatosis by the type of berezitization. This
type associated with the hydrothermal stage of gold-quartz ore formation.
The multifactorial model of the Hooglannah ore occurrence was formed, based
on the obtained material.
Conditions for the Formation of Landslides in the Territory of the
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
Authors: Gurbanov Giyas H.
Published: January 2025

The presented article investigates the geographical distribution, types,
driving forces, and moisture conditions of landslides-one of the widespread
slope processes in the territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic,
using both traditional and modern remote sensing methods. The capabilities
of the multizonal spectral images obtained during the study of landslides
are thoroughly analyzed. Additionally, the geomorphological characteristics
of landslides in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, which have not been
adequately studied, are characterized, and their impact on the formation and
intensification of other natural processes, particularly mudflows, is
demonstrated. As a result of the research, underground waters accumulated on
various slopes have been identified, and landslide-prone slopes have been
classified into four categories based on the degree of moisture. This
outcome enables the prediction of the likelihood of large-scale landslides
and the implementation of countermeasures in specific cases. To refine the
prediction of landslide occurrence, a comparative analysis of infrared (IR)
images taken at different times of the same areas was conducted, revealing a
high probability of active landslides in the Batabat massif, Kechili,
Boyahmed, Nasirvaz, and Khurs village settlements, as well as in the Tillak
and Bichenek forests, and on the eastern and southeastern slopes of the Kuku
mountain within the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.
Assessment of the Impact of Some Rivers of the Black Sea Region on the
Coastal Marine Environment in Their Plume Zones
Authors: Gorbunova Tatiana L. , Gudkova Natalia K. , Rubanova Natalia I.
Published: January 2025

The paper assesses the impact of water quality of some rivers located
within the Black Sea coastal zone in the Sochi area on the ecological
security and status of the Black Sea coastal line. The relevance of the
study is determined by the lack of a unified methodological approach to
establishing parameters for assessing the ecological condition of water
bodies within the Black Sea coastal area. The study is the first to consider
a unified river-sea system in the context of integrated monitoring of
natural water quality. The research is based on biological methods
(biotesting, bioindication) to evaluate the state of biological communities
and processes in combination with the analysis of geological aspects. This
allows a detailed study of the influence of various factors on the marine
environment ecological safety. It was revealed that the marine environment
has the highest levels of toxicity in the inflow zones of small rivers,
which are subject to significant complex impacts from municipal solid waste
landfills and industrial enterprises located in their catchment areas. In
the marine plumes of rivers classified as medium, which are important for
water management, recreation and fisheries in the region, seawater has a
lower toxic effect as a result of significant dilution. Thus, small rivers
inflows can cause similar negative impacts on the quality of the marine
environment and the status of coastal biocenoses as runoff from larger
watercourses. The study results can contribute to the development of new
approaches for the assessment and monitoring of the environmental security
of the coastal marine environment, based on the concept of the ecological
system integrity in the context of interdependencies associated with the
pollutants and nutrients transfer between qualitatively different
environments and associated with them river and cjastal marine
hydrobiocenoses.
Sustainable Tourism as a Factor in Solving Environmental Problems (Using
the Example of Yerevan)
Authors: Vardanyan Rena R. , Suvaryan Seyran R. , Andreasyan Vahe D.
Published: January 2025

The focus on a new vision in the field of tourism is due to the trend
towards globalization of human activity, a sharp increase in the scale of
the tourism business and its diversification. A sharp increase in the scale
of tourism activity has led to an aggravation of environmental problems. The
strategy of sustainable tourism requires a systematic approach to this
problem. The purpose of this article is an attempt to comprehend the latest
trends, identify universal patterns in the strategy of sustainable tourism,
which lies in the factor of sustainable environmental management, both
worldwide and in the RA. The increase in tourist flows in Armenia leads to
an aggravation of the same problems associated with the development of
tourism in the world. A number of factors contribute to the disruption of
the ecological balance in the capital of the Republic of Armenia. In order
to create a sustainable urban environment and restore a favorable climate in
Yerevan, it is necessary to design a green infrastructure. It is necessary,
if possible, to adhere to the concept of sustainable urban development,
which involves focusing attention and efforts not on architectural
buildings, but on open urban space. The priority is to identify the
ecological and tourist balance, to develop a new worldview paradigm in
relation to cities as territories with sustainable development.
Tourist and Recreational Zoning of the Chechen Republic
Authors: Zaburaeva Khava Sh.
Published: January 2025

On the basis of a comprehensive study, the tourism and recreation zoning
of the territory of the Chechen Republic was carried out, taking into
account the peculiarities of its geographical location, landscape structure,
tourist and recreational potential, transport infrastructure and spatial
features of the region's recreational network. The methods of
analysis, synthesis, content analysis, statistical, comparative and
cartographic methods were used in the work. The map-scheme of the proposed
zoning was developed using CorelDRAW. For each tourist and recreational
district the most significant objects of tourism and recreation are
identified and the priority directions of tourism and recreation industry
development are substantiated. Minimal diversity of tourist and recreational
resources and weak recreational development is found in the lowland
(semi-desert) district. Among the promising types of tourism there are
scientific-cognitive, sports (fishing and hunting) and health tourism. The
widest range of promising types of tourism in the region is identified in
the mountainous and high-mountainous areas characterized by high landscape
and biological diversity. These include scientific and cognitive, cultural
and historical, ethno-cultural, geological, extreme, sports (skiing,
speleotourism, rafting, hunting, photo-hunting), health-improving
(terrenekur), therapeutic (climatotherapy, phytotherapy) and others. Among
the limiting factors of tourism development in these areas is low transport
accessibility.
Changes in the Meteorological Conditions in Republic of Kalmykia in
1970-2020
Authors: Nazarenko Olesya V. , Gar’kusha Dmitriy N.
Published: January 2025

The Republic of Kalmykia is located in the arid and water-deficient
regions of the European part of Russia. Arid landscapes are most vulnerable
to changes in climatic conditions. Changes in meteorological conditions
between 1970 and 2020 have been considered. There has been an increase in
average annual temperature across the region. In Elista, the average
temperature increased by 0.9 °C compared to the previous period; in Yashkul,
it increased by 1 to 1.2 °C; and in Lagan, it was 1 °C. Winters have been
warmer than average by 0.6 to 0.9 °C, springs by 0,5 to 1 °C, and summers by
1,2 to 1,5°C. Autumn has seen the lowest temperatures, with a decrease of
0.1 to 0.2 °C. The distribution of average annual and monthly precipitation
is revealed: as continentality increases, precipitation decreases from 366
mm to 221 mm. An analysis of long-term precipitation changes from 1970 to
2020 showed that on average there is an increase in precipitation in Elista
and a slight decrease in the last decade in Yashkul and Lagan. Annual
precipitation increased from 315 mm (1970–1979) to 393 mm (2010–2019) in
Elista. There is also an increase in winter (62–80 mm) and spring
precipitation (63–118 mm). Thus, the spring season has seen a significant
increase. The summertime is characterized by increases in the first decade
and decreases since the 2000s, with a similar pattern for autumn
precipitation. Peak precipitation occurred in the 1990–1999 period, after
which it decreased significantly. Desert areas saw an increase in annual
rainfall rates (282 mm) compared to historical data (252 mm), which
continued until 2009 at 292 mm before decreasing again at 266 mm. The amount
of precipitation increases slightly in winter. The situation is similar for
the rest of the seasons, with an increase until the 1990s, after which there
is a decline. However, summer and autumn precipitation are slightly higher
than average.
Analytical Study of the Low Level Jet Formation in a Diurnal Density
Oscillation Model
Authors: Radionoff Anatoly A.
Published: January 2025

A problem of nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ) formation taking into account
the diurnal density variations in the atmospheric boundary layer is studied
analytically. The system of nonlinear partial differential equations of
hydrodynamics is reduced to a system of linear differential equations for a
simplified consideration of the LLJ phenomenon. This model does not use the
Boussinesq approximation. An analytical solution of this system of equations
shows that LLJ can develop due to the resonance mechanism at a small
coefficient of amplification, the value of which determines an amplification
of wind speed. The resonance occurs due to the interaction of rotation
forces and diurnal density variations. This diurnal density oscillation
mechanism amplifies only the horizontal components of wind velocity, which
can be supergeostrophic. The diurnal density oscillation mechanism is
capable to amplify the horizontal components of the wind speed over a
shorter time compared to the inertial oscillation mechanism. The basic
properties of the solution extend the inertial oscillation mechanism and
have some additional behaviour.
Regional Features of Formation of Ion Runoff in the Northern Dvina Basin
Authors: Reshetnyak Olga S. , Galagur Kristina G.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of assessing the long-term variability
of the chemical composition of river waters and ionic runoff in the Northern
Dvina River basin. Natural and anthropogenic factors of formation are
considered and it is shown that conditions of excessive moisture, cold
climate and well-washed podzolic soils led to the formation of waters with
low mineralization and a predominance of hydrocarbonates and calcium ions in
their composition. The intense anthropogenic impact in the Northern Dvina
River basin is due to the presence of a developed forestry complex and the
Arkhangelsk agro-industrial agglomeration. The variability of water
mineralization and the content of major ions in the river waters of the
Northern Dvina River basin appears both along the length of the river itself
and between the main tributaries. The highest average long-term values of
water mineralization are observed at sections of the Northern Dvina and Vym
Rivers, and the lowest one characterizes the Vychegda and Sysola Rivers.
Water quality violation in terms of the content of macrocomponents in water
occurs sporadically and only in case of maximum concentrations of sulfates
(up to 4.0 MAC). The variability of ion runoff is characterized by spatial
heterogeneity, and the highest values of runoff modules are typical for a
particular River Vym catchment. At the same time, hydrocarbonates and
sulfates entering the river network make a major contribution to this
variability due to the processes of leaching and washout from the catchment
area. The presented results can be used in the development of
environmentally sound nature protection measures aimed at improving the
environmental situation in the Northern Dvina River basin.
A Systems Engineering Framework for Safe and Secure LiDAR Perception in Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Lingras Satyajit , Rumao Stalen , Basu Aruni
Published: January 2025

This paper addresses the critical need for a revised systems engineering framework to ensure the safety and security of LiDAR perception software in autonomous vehicles. Traditional approaches, often rooted in waterfall methodologies, prove inadequate in addressing the complexity, stringent safety requirements (ISO 26262), and evolving cybersecurity threats inherent in this rapidly advancing field.  We propose a novel framework that integrates best practices from Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), agile development, formal methods, and security-by-design principles, creating a holistic approach to development and validation.  This framework directly tackles the limitations of traditional methods by incorporating iterative development cycles, rigorous verification and validation processes, and proactive security measures throughout the entire lifecycle.  The framework’s practical application is demonstrated through a comparative case study analyzing DBSCAN and Euclidean clustering algorithms for object detection within a safety-critical Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system. This case study highlights the importance of algorithm selection, parameter optimization, and the crucial role of testing methodologies in achieving both high performance and compliance with ISO 26262 safety standards.  Our analysis reveals significant performance differences between the algorithms, underscoring the necessity of a rigorous and data-driven approach to algorithm selection and validation within a comprehensive systems engineering framework.  The research concludes by outlining key areas for future investigation, including advancements in algorithmic efficiency, robust sensor fusion strategies, enhanced cybersecurity measures (addressing both known and emerging threats), and the development of standardized testing and validation procedures to ensure the continued improvement and widespread adoption of safe and reliable autonomous driving systems.  This holistic framework offers a significant contribution to the ongoing effort of building more robust and trustworthy autonomous vehicles, directly addressing the challenges of safety, security, and reliability in this rapidly evolving technology.
Optimizing Drilling Efficiency in High-Loss Circulation Zones: A Case Study of Mud Cap and Well Strengthening Techniques in the Ghawar Oil Field
Authors: Kenneth Effam
Published: January 2025

Drilling in high-loss circulation zones is most problematic due to its high NP, risk of well integrity, and increased cost required to manage circulation losses. This research seeks to analyze the implementation of Mud cap and well-bore strengthening in order to enhance the drilling success rates in such reservoirs in Ghawar Oil Field; one of the largest and most productive oil fields globally. The current study evaluates the effectiveness of the above-mentioned techniques in controlling circulation losses as well as stabilizing the wells based on a critical evaluation of the field data including the NPT logs, well stability indices, and cost data recorded in the study area. The studies also reveal that while using both Mud cap and well-bore strengthening methods directly reduced fluid loss, NPT and improved well integrity. Additionally, the analysis gives an appreciation of the cost of each approach and the effects on the general project schedule in the situation where each of the techniques is most suitable to apply. Thus, this research increases the knowledge of best practices in undertaking the high-loss circulation zone drilling and provides recommendations for better efficiency in such geological conditions. The outcomes emphasize on identifying significant zones of operative cost reduction and time gains across the required lifecycle phases, and thus more for enhancing the well integrity management framings intended for the high- loss zones.
Exploring Mathematics’ Teacher Knowledge and Challenges in Curriculum Change Implementation: Case Study in Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Fransidha Sidhara , Retnawati Heri
Published: January 2025

The Merdeka Curriculum, the national curriculum of Indonesia has been implemented for 2 years. Qualitative phenomenological research was conducted to explore teachers' knowledge of the Merdeka Curriculum, its implementation, and the challenges faced and strategies to overcome them. The number of informants was 9, consisting of 3 respondents each from the Independently Sharing (IS), Independently Changing (IC), and Independently Learning (IL) schools selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews, observations, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with open-ended questions related to teachers' knowledge, implementation, challenges and strategies for implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. Observations were made on the implementation of learning, while documentation was on teaching modules and assessment instruments. The study found that teachers were aware of the changes in the Merdeka Curriculum from the previous curriculum. Teachers from IS schools have been able to design independent learning tools, implement project-based learning, differentiate, integrate with the Pancasila Student Profile Project (P5), and conduct assessments in various forms. However, teachers from IC and IL schools are still adopting teaching modules from the government. Besides, teachers from IL schools have not been able to carry out diagnostic assessments. Challenges in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum include organizing materials, diverse initial abilities of students, many teacher assignments outside of teaching hours, and lack of facilities and infrastructure. Strategies to overcome these challenges include collaborating available sources with information from the internet, providing matriculation for students with low abilities, providing structured assignments, and scheduling facilities and infrastructure utilization.
Village Authority as Foothold of 2045 Golden Indonesia
Authors: Thofiqur Rohman  , Hartono  , Abdul Basith  , Fathul Aminudin Aziz
Published: January 2025

This paper describes village authority as the foothold of sustainable finance in community to build 2045 Golden Indonesia. This effort is depicted in the series of events that formed a cultural economy. The form is in the spirit to deliver an economically independent village. This movement is carried based on a shared awareness of the responsibility to create and maintain the community’s economy – the economy of today’s society to its children and grandchildren and future descendants. Everything is done for the sustainability of the village community. The concrete steps are clearly depicted at the stages of data collection, planning, implementation, village accountability and in the depiction of the Golden Nest as an analogy for village authority towards 2045 Golden Indonesia.