bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LITERATURA INFANTIL PARA CRIANÇAS ENFERMAS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: De Paula Ercília Maria Angeli Teixeira , Davina Lilian Cristiane Garcia Ciardulo Tait
Published: April 2019

Resumo: A produção literária para crianças enfermas no Brasil ainda é pouco conhecida, tanto pelo mercado editorial, como pelos cursos de formação de professores. A literatura infantil permite a vivência de aspectos lúdicos e a elaboração de estratégias de enfrentamento para situações adversas. Diante desses aspectos surgiu o problema deste trabalho: quais os livros produzidos para crianças enfermas com temas que discutem as suas vivências? O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a produção literária destinada às crianças enfermas e as contribuições destes livros na formação de professores. A metodologia deste estudo foi à seleção e análise de 18 livros infantis produzidos nas últimas duas décadas que discutem essas temáticas. As análises dos livros levaram a conclusão que eles são instrumentos que permitem às essas crianças identificarem-se com os personagens, vivenciarem as suas histórias e buscarem enfrentar esse período de suas vidas de forma mais acolhedora e humanizada.
Spor İşletmelerinde Nakit Yönetimi: Bist’de Bir Uygulama
Authors: ULUSOY Tolga , ESMER Yusuf , DAYI Faruk
Published: April 2019

Spor işletmeciliği,
hizmet işletmeciliğinde olduğu üzere yüksek tutarda duran varlık yatırımını
gerektirmemektedir. Bu nedenle işletme sermayesi yönetimi spor işletmelerinin faaliyetine
devam etmelerinde hayati öneme sahiptir. Yüksek tutarlı bonservis bedeliyle
futbolcu alım ve satımı futbol işletmelerinin nakit giriş ve çıkışlarının etkin
yönetilmesini gerektirmektedir. İşletme sermayesi unsurlarından biri olan nakit
yönetimi, futbol işletmelerinin nakit giriş ve çıkışlarının tahmininde ve nakit
bütçesinin hazırlanmasında önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Çalışmanın amacı futbol
işletmeleri için nakit yönetiminin önemini ortaya koymaktır.Çalışmada Borsa
İstanbul’da işlem gören Trabzonspor Sportif Yatırım ve Futbol İşletmeciliği
Ticaret A.Ş.’nin (Trabzonspor) 2012-2017 dönemine ait Kamuyu Aydınlatma
Platformu bilgilendirmelerinden elde edilen bilgiler ile mali tablo verileri
kullanılarak Trabzonspor’un 2017-18, 2018-19 ve 2019-20 sezonlarına ait nakit
bütçesi oluşturulmuştur. Trabzonspor’un futbolcu transferlerinde yüksek tutarlı
bonservis ve yıllık ücret ödemelerinden dolayı yüksek tutarlarda nakit çıkışlarının
gerçekleştiği, sportif başarı olmadığından nakit girişlerinde önemli bir
yükseliş olmadığı ve nakit yönetiminde ciddi sorunlar yaşadığı tespit
edilmiştir. Bu sonuç spor yöneticilerinin başarısında hiç şüphesiz nakit
yönetiminin önemli bir yeri olduğunu göstermektedir.
E-Ticarette Tüketicilerin Güvenlik ve Risk Algılarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRKOĞLU Yücel , DEMİR Batuhan
Published: April 2019

Tüketicilerin yaşam tarzlarının
değişmesi ile beraber geleneksel alışverişe alternatif olarak e-ticaret
sitelerinin kullanımı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Ancak tüketicilerin bir kısmı
değişen alışveriş şekillerine oldukça önyargılı olarak bakmaktadır. Bu çalışma
da ilk olarak, internetten alışveriş yapan tüketicilerin risk ve güvenlik
algılarının demografik özelliklere göre değişimi incelenmiştir. Daha sonra, regresyon
analizi yaparak bu algının belirlenen soyut ve somut kavramlar arasında ki
ilişkisi analiz edilerek kurulan hipotezler değerlendirilmiştir.
Silahlı Çatışma Hukuku İlkelerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Askeri Gereklilik, Gereksiz Acı ve Istırabın Önlenmesi ve Onur
Authors: ERENDOR Mehmet Emin
Published: April 2019

Uluslararası toplum tarih boyunca birçok savaş ve çatışma yaşamış ve Birleşmiş Milletler’in (BM) kuruluşuna kadar uluslararası arenada güç kullanımını yasaklanmamıştır. Her ne kadar BM tarafından uluslararası ilişkilerde güç kullanımı yasaklanmış olsa da uluslararası toplum hala dünyanın bazı bölgelerinde birçok çatışma ve savaş yaşamaktadır. Her ne kadar uluslararası ilişkilerde güç kullanımı yasaklansa da ortaya çıkacak savaş/ların ve çatışma/ların sınırlarını belirlemek de önemli bir konu olmaktadır. Bu çerçevede oluşturulan Silahlı Çatışma Hukuku, bu çizgileri gereklilik, insaniyet ve onur ilkeleri altında belirlemiştir. Bu makalede, bu ilkeler analiz edilerek, aralarındaki ilişki detaylandırılacak ve bu üç ilkenin neden Silahlı Çatışma Hukukunun temel prensipleri arasında yer aldığı analiz edilecektir.
Amasya’da Ahşap Tavanlı İki Cami Örneği: Şıhlar ve Kızılkışlacık Köyü Camileri
Authors: KOÇYİĞİT Fazilet
Published: April 2019

Ahşap tavanlı ve direkli cami
yapma geleneğinin kökeni, Orta Asya Türk mimarisine dayanır. Bu gelenek
Anadolu’da da devam ettirilmiştir. Anadolu’da XIII. Yüzyıldan XIX. Yüzyıla
kadar bu teknikte camiler inşa edilmiştir. XVIII ve XIX. yüzyıllarda ise bu
inşa tekniğinin sıkça uygulandığı ve döneminin üslubunu yansıtan kalemişi
bezemelerle bir arada kullanıldığı görülmektedir.

Bu çalışmanın
konusu olan Amasya’nın Şıhlar ve Kızılkışlacık Köylerindeki ahşap tavanlı iki
cami, XVIII-XIX. yüzyıl mimarisi ve bezemesi hakkında değerli bilgiler
sunmaktadır. Daha önce çalışılmamış olan bu eserler; plan, malzeme ve bezeme
özellikleri bağlamında incelenecektir. Ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenen
eserlerin, Türk sanatındaki yeri ve önemi ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Günümüzde harap durumda olan eserlerin korunması yönünde adımlar atılacaktır.
Hubungan Kepemimpinan Ketua Kelompok dengan Keefektifan Kelompok
Authors: Nurmalia Nayu , Susilawati Tuti
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kepemimpinan ketua kelompok perikanan di Kecamatan Kebonpedes Kabupaten Sukabumi, mengidentifikasi keefektifan kelompok perikanan di Kecamatan Kebon Kabupaten Sukabumi, dan mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kepemimpinan ketua kelompok dengan keefektifan kelompok perikanan di Kecamatan Kebonpedes Kabupaten Sukabumi. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah yang bersifat deskriptif. Sampel responden sebanyak 8 kelompok, dari setiap kelompok masing-masing dipilih responden 5 orang (anggota dan pengurus). Analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antara kepemimpinan ketua kelompok perikanan dengan efektivitas kelompok dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik individu dan karakteristik sosial PPS secara parsial berhubungan nyata dengan efektivitas kelompok.
Keanekaragaman Hayati dan Konservasi Ikan Air Tawar
Authors: Syafei Lenny S
Published: April 2019

Tujuan ulasan studi literatur keanekaragaman hayati dan konservasi ikan air tawar ini adalah untuk mendalami keanekaragaman hayati ikan di perairan tawar dan masalah eksistensi sebagian spesiesnya yang mulai terancam punah, serta faktor kesalahan pengelolaaan yang terjadi. Strategi global yang ditawarkan dalam ulasan studi literatur ini didasarkan atas pemilihan langkah konservasi sebagai jawaban untuk mengatasi ancaman kepunahan tersebut. Konservasi adalah perlindungan dan pelestarian kehidupan akuatik yang penting dalam menata keseimbangan alam dan mendukung ketersediaan sumberdaya bagi generasi yang akan datang. Tercatat spesies ikan yang ada di Indonesia berjumlah 1193 spesies dan keanekaragaman spesies ikan air tawar Indonesia nomor tiga terkaya di dunia. Ikan endemik adalah ikan yang keberadaannya hanya ada pada satu tempat tertentu, dan tidak ada di tempat lain. Ikan endemik di Indonesia berjumlah sekitar 120 spesies.Ditinjau dari sudut iktiogeografis, ikan air tawar di Indonesia mendiami tiga daerah sebaran geografis (Paparan Sunda, Daerah Wallace, dan Paparan Sahul) yang dibatasi oleh dua garis maya: Garis Wallace dan Garis Weber. Menetapkan tujuan dan sasaran konservasi; Merancang langkah-langkah pelaksanaan; Menyiapkan sarana dan prasarana pendukung yang diperlukan; Menentukan kriteria atau tolok ukur keberhasilan konservasi; dan Memantau serta mengevaluasi hasil berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan.
Diversitas Plankton dan Kualitas Perairan Waduk Darma Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat
Authors: Hasan OD Soebhakti , Sudinno Dinno , Danapraja Sopiyan , Suhaedy Endang , Djunaidah Iin Siti
Published: April 2019

Penelitian tentang “Diversitas Plankton dan Kualitas Perairan Waduk Darma” telah dilaksanakan pada Bulan Agustus 2017. tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui diversitas plankton dan kualitas air waduk Darma. Sampel diambil dari 3 stasiun pengamatan. Titik pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan, Genera fitoplankton yang ditemukan di Waduk Darma sebanyak 19-32 genera yang mewakili 5 kelas, yaitu Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae dan Euglenaphyceae. Serta Genera Zooplankton yang ditemukan di Waduk Darma sebanyak 12-15 genera yang mewakili 3 kelas, yaitu Rotifera, Ciliata dan Malacostraca. Indeks diversitas fitoplankton berkisar antara 0,367 – 1,376 dan diversitas zooplankton berkisar antara 1,379 – 2,023. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa waduk Darma memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman rendah.
Kajian Kualitas Perairan Untuk Budidaya Udang di Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Jubaedah Iis , Sudinno Dinno , Anas Pigoselpi
Published: April 2019

Kajian kualitas perairan pesisir di Kabupaten Subang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas perairan di Kawasan Pesisir Subang dan kelayakannya untuk kegiatan budidaya udang serta mengetahui perkembangan produksi udang dikaitkan dengan kualitas air. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Data yang digunakan untuk kajian kualitas perairan mencakup data primer dan data sekunder . Proses analisa data yang dilakukan meliputi analisa kualitas air, analisa status mutu air, analisa indeks diversitas plankton, dan menduga produksi udang. Hasil kajian menunjukkan, nilai indeks pencemaran 2,2491 artinya wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Subang termasuk tercemar ringan, namun masih layak digunakan sebagai sumber air untuk kegiatan budidaya ikan di tambak. Dari estimasi perhitungan potensi perikanan didapatkan laju perikanan potensial rata-rata sekitar 0,13333 ton/ha/tahun. Dengan luas tambak seluas 14.300 ha maka diperkirakan potensi produksi udang Kabupaten Subang sebesar 1906,6 ton/tahun.
Analisis Margin Pemasaran dari Saluran Pemasaran Ikan Hias di Enam Pasar Bogor (Survei di Kota/Kab. Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Authors: Sobariah Sobariah , Wiryati Ganjar
Published: April 2019

Pendapatan yang tinggi adalah tujuan akhir dari pelaku utama dalam hal ini pembudidaya ikan baik ikan konsumsi maupun ikan hias, namun demikian pada kenyataannya para pembudidaya ikan khususnya ikan hias belum dapat menikmati keuntungan sesuai dengan yang mereka harapkan, justru para pedagang di berbagai level baik itu pengumpul maupun pengecer yang menikmati keuntungan lebih baik dari pada para pembudidaya yang dengan susah payah mengelola usahanya dengan berbagai resiko yang dijalaninya. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya kesenjangan penerimaan keuntungan adalah karena sistem pemasaran yang masih terlalu panjang dimana dari pembudidaya ke pedagang pengumpul, pedagang pengumpul ke pedagang besar, pedagang besar ke pengecer, dari pengecer baru sampai ke konsumen akhir dalam hal ini pembeli ikan hias. Untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh margin pemasaran ikan hias di beberapa pasar yang ada di wilayah Bogor, maka perlu diadakan peneiltian tentang margin pemasaran dari saluran pemasaran ikan hias di enam pasar yang ada di sekitar Bogor. Dikarenakan keterbatasan waktu dan biaya dari peneliti, maka penelitian tentang margin pemasaran ikan hias hanya dilakukan di enam pasar yang dominan. Tujuan Penelitian a) Ingin mengetahui pangsa pasar diterima penjual, pembudidaya dari harga yang dibayarkan konsumen. b) Ingin mengetahui berapa penjual yang memanfaatkan pasar yang ada di kota Bogor. c) Ingin mengetahui perbandingan margin pemasaran dari saluran distribusi ikan hias pada enam pasar di Bogor. Metodologi penelitian lebih pada pendekatan sistem, fungsi dan kegunaan pemasaran komoditas perikanan secara Konseptual dan operasional dengan hasil perhitungan bahwa Margin Pemasaran yang dihitung dari dua jenis ikan hias pada enam pasar menunjukkan bahwa marjin Pemasaran terendah sebesar Rp. 24; disaluran 1, Rp.48, berada pada saluran 2, dan terdapat pada pasar 3 dan 4 yaitu Pasar Parung dan Pasar Anyar, hal ini menunjukan bahwa komoditas ikan Cupang dan Koki adalah merupakan jenis komoditas yang efisien untuk komoditas ikan hias tersebut. Untuk Margin Pemasaran (MP) tertinggi berada pada posisi saluran 3 di pasar 2 dan 6, yaitu Margin Pemasaran sebesar RP.4.850 di saluran 3 pada pasar 2 yaitu pada Depo Baranang Siang, dan margin pemasaran sebesar Rp.3.600 berada pada posisi saluran 3 di pasar 6 atau Pasar Ciawi, yang berarti bahwa komoditas ikan hias Koki dan Cupang menunjukan jenis ikan hias yang tidak efisien bagi sipembudidaya, karena penerimaan pembudidaya lebih kecil dari pedagang pengumpul maupun pedagang ecaran
Analisis Keberadaan dan Kemanfaatan Situ di Jabodetabek
Authors: Taryoto Andin H
Published: April 2019

Sebagai salah satu potensi wadah sumberdaya air, Situ memiliki peran penting didalam upaya pemanfaatan dan konservasi sumberdaya air. Terdapat indikasi bahwa keberadaan situ saat ini mengalami penurunan fungsi yang sangat drastis. Analisis ini kemudian ditujukan untuk melakukan pengkajian awal terhadap keberadaan dan kemanfaatan situ di wilayah Jabodetabek. Analisis dilakukan dengan telaahan dokumen dan peraturan perundangan yang berlaku. Ditemukan bahwa diperlukan upaya khusus untuk dapat merevitalisasi fungsi dan keberadaan situ dalam konteks konservasi sumberdaya air secara luas.
Kajian Keuntungan Antara Penyertaan Modal pada Usaha Pembenihan Ikan Gurami (Oshpronemus gouramy, Lac) dengan Perolehan Bunga Deposito Bank
Authors: Musa Iskandar , Wiryati Ganjar
Published: April 2019

Ikan gurami (Oshpronemus gouramy, Lac) merupakan ikan asli Indonesia dan berasal dari perairan daerah Jawa Barat, Kegiatan pembenihan ikan gurami untuk ber produksi menggunakan sumber daya modal finansial. Sumber daya modal finansial merupakan faktor produksi yang harus dikelola secara efisien dan efektif. Usaha pembenihan ikan gurami umumnya dilaksanakan dalam skala usaha rumah tangga. Mendepositokan uang di bank termasuk usaha memperoleh pendapatan dari bunga yang diberikan sebagai imbal jasa atas penyertaan sejumlah uang pada sebuah lembaga keuangan atau bank. Penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Deskriftif kuantitatif melalui berbagai analisa yang di lakukan, hasil uji/penelitian didasarkan pada variable-variable input dan output sehingga dapat diperoleh suatu perbandingan antara penyertaan modal terhadap usaha pembenihan ikan gurami dengan menempatkan dana dalam bentuk deposito pada bank. Penelitian di lakukan di wilayah kecamatan Kemang dengan Responden pembudidaya ikan gurame, Tujuan penelitian yaitu 1. membandingkan mana yang lebih menguntungkan antara penyertaan modal pada usaha pembenihan ikan gurami (Oshpronemus gouramy, Lac) atau perolehan bunga deposito bank 2. Memberikan gambaran bagi calon investor dalam pengambilan keputusan peggunaan dana antara investasi pada usaha pembenihan ikan gurami atau deposito. Dari hasil kajian yang di lakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Usaha pembenihan ikan gurami dengan sekuen kegiatan selama 3 bulan secara finansial layak untuk dilaksanakan. Hal ini didukung oleh beberpa parameter kelayakan yang dipakai pada penelitian ini dengan hasil analisis : 1) Keuntungan per tahun (4 kali produksi) = Rp 33.153.725,- 2) R/C = 2,1 3) Payback Period 0,6 (Kurang dari 1 tahun) 4) BEP produksi = Rp 450,- = 66.3 ekor. BEP harga = Rp 213,2,-Jika total modal usaha pembenihan ini sebesar Rp 29.846.275,- didepositokan maka setiap bulan akan menghasilkan jasa atau keuntungan sebesar Rp 176.093,- Sedangkan keuntungan yang diperoleh pada usaha pembenihan ikan gurami setiap 3 bulan mencapai Rp 33.153.725,- atau Rp 11.051.241,- per bulan. Dari data yang di tunjukan memiliki Arti bahwa keuntungan usaha pembenihan ikan gurami bisa mencapai 111,08 % lebih besar dibanding deposito.
Persepsi Pelaku Utama terhadap Pengembangan Budidaya Ikan Air Payau Ramah Lingkungan di Wilayah Pesisir (Kasus Di Kabupaten Serang – Banten)
Authors: Leilani Ani , Restuwati Ina , Patekkai Muh
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik pelaku utama (nelayan) yang berhubungan nyata dengan persepsi lingkungan pesisir; faktor lingkungan pesisir yang berhubungan nyata dengan persepsi lingkungan pesisir; menganalisis faktor-faktor karakteristik pelaku utama (nelayan) dan faktor lingkungan pesisir yang berhubungan signifikan dengan persepsi lingkungan pesisir. Manfaat penelitian untuk mengetahui persepsi pelaku utama perikanan terhadap lingkungan perairan air payau dalam hubungannya dengan budidaya ramah lingkungan (Eco-Shrimp) dan memperoleh analisis tentang faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan internal dan eksternal pembudidaya ikan di perairan payau di Kabupaten Serang yang dapat dijadikan acuan dalam pelaksanaan budidaya air payau ramah lingkungan. Responden sebanyak 40 (empat puluh) orang pelaku utama perikanan di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Serang tepatnya di Kelurahan Menggerong Kecamatan Kasemen. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil distribusi karakteristik pelaku utama disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kekosmopolitan pelaku utama (nelayan) berkorelasi langsung pada persepsi mereka terhadap lingkungan pesisir dengan besaran (rs) keselarasan/ kompatibilitas sebesar .537**, kompleksitas/kerumitan sebesar .572**, trial ability/dapat dicoba .430** dan observability/dapat diamati sebesar .530**. Hasil uji Korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan bahwa variabel faktor lingkungan pesisir yang sangat signifikan berhubungan dengan persepsi lingkungan pesisir adalah variabel kondisi alam, interaksi sosial, budaya dan kondisi ekonomi, sedangkan perilaku masyarakat tidak berhubungan secara signifikan.
Экспериментальное исследование подверженности негативному информационно-психологическому воздействию
Authors: Голубева Светлана
Published: April 2019

Проведено экспериментальное исследование подверженности негативному информационно-психологическому воздействию курсантов военных факультетов гражданских учреждений высшего образования на примере военного факультета в учреждении образования «Белорусская государственная академия авиации». В качестве индикатора подверженности негативному информационно-психологическому воздействию рассматривалась самооценка составляющих психологической готовности курсантов к выполнению задач по предназначению. Выявлено, что на степень подверженности негативному информационно-психологическому воздействию курсантов военных факультетов гражданских учреждений высшего образования влияют следующие факторы: нервно-психическая устойчивость; адаптационные способности; используемые стили психологического совладания (копинга); мотивы поступления на военный факультет; ценности и ценностные ориентации.
Формирование культуры безопасности жизнедеятельности: социально-психологический и исторический экскурс
Authors: Герасимчик Александр , Богданович Алексей Борисович , Карпиевич Виктор Александрович , Сергеев Всеволод
Published: April 2019

Рассмотрены социально-психологический, культурный и исторический аспекты такого феномена общественной жизни как культура безопасности жизнедеятельности. Предпринята попытка проследить эволюцию социокультурных практик, направленных на осмысление и снижение рисков и угроз, связанных с чрезвычайными ситуациями. Обозначены уровни культуры безопасности, выявлены отличия формирования и функционирования каждого из них. На историческом и этнографическом материале проиллюстрированы особенности восприятия опасности и способы ее снижения.
Методы оценки риска в системе управления охраной труда
Authors: Старовойтов Игорь , Бирюк Виктор , Булавка Юлия
Published: April 2019

Выполнено сравнение современных методов оценки профессиональных рисков для работников, используемых в системе управления охраной труда в отечественной и зарубежной практике. В эти методы входят: матричные методы оценки риска в системе координат «вероятность события – последствия события», система Элмери, метод Файна-Кинни, расчет индекса ОВР, предложенный АНО «Институтом безопасности труда», экспертная методика «Пять шагов оценки риска», методика НИИ труда Министерства труда и социальной защиты Республики Беларусь, методика норвежской компании Det Norske Veritas, метод Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) и др.
Представлено понимание профессионального риска с позиции медицины труда, охраны труда и социального страхования. На современном этапе функционирования систем управления охраной труда нельзя говорить о существовании единого методологического подхода к определению профессиональных рисков. Также отсутствует универсальная методика оценки профессиональных рисков, каждому из используемых методов присущи преимущества и недостатки, однако все они ориентированы на улучшение условий труда на рабочем месте, сохранение жизни и здоровья работника.
Возможные перспективы развития гражданской обороны в Республике Беларусь
Authors: Тихонов Максим , Субботин Михаил , Бордак Сергей , Васюкевич Александр
Published: April 2019

Рассмотрены возможные перспективы развития гражданской обороны в Республике Беларусь и необходимые мероприятия по совершенствованию основных элементов организации, ведения и всестороннего обеспечения мероприятий ГО с учетом социально-экономического, научно-технического и технологического развития страны.
Расчет видимости в помещениях в условиях пожара с применением программного комплекса FDS
Authors: Суриков Андрей , Лешенюк Николай
Published: April 2019

Проведено моделирование процесса ухудшения видимости в условиях пожара в рамках программы FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator). Полученные результаты сравниваются с результатами натурных исследований. Проведенное моделирование показало, что при расчете времени потери видимости в помещении при задымлении, результат зависит от удельного массового показателя экстинкции σs. Лучшую сходимость с экспериментальными данными имеют значения удельного выхода дыма Ys, определенные индивидуально для конкретной пожарной нагрузки. Представлены и обоснованы предложения по совершенствованию методики преобразования данных по коэффициентам дымообразования материалов в значения удельного выхода дыма.
Frekuensi Pertemuan Dewan Komisaris dan Komite Audit Terhadap Manajemen Laba Dengan Pendekatan Non-Discreationary Accruals
Authors: Ichsany Siti Wafiqoh Maulidiyyah Nurul , Husain T.
Published: April 2019

This research aim to obtain empirical evidence about the practice of earnings management in use of corporate governance mechanism which consists of the frequency of board and audit committees meeting. This study uses measurements of earnings management with the non-discreationary accruals (NDA) approach introduced by Jones. The population of this study is sub-sectors companies in the construction and building in 2010-2016. The sampling technique uses a purposive method. The method of data analysis uses multiple regression analysis, the classical assumption test previously and followed by hypothesis testing. The results of this research indicate that the frequency of board meetings does not significantly influence on the earnings management, while the frequency of audit committee meetings has a negative effect on the earnings management.
From Karm al-Khalil to Kerem Avraham: A British Settler-Colonial Outpost Near Jerusalem in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Polley Gabriel
Published: April 2019

Kerem Avraham was a farm for Jewish labourers established by Christian Zionist James Finn, the influential British consul in Jerusalem, and his wife Elizabeth, in 1854. Ostensibly intended to provide relief for the Jewish inhabitants of Jerusalem during a famine, the farm was in fact a deeply ideological project which foreshadowed the Zionist agricultural settlements in Palestine in the later nineteenth century. This paper chronicles the farm's development, and later influence on settler-colonial theory and practice.
The Role of Human Coactosin-Like Protein in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Shanu Y Anu , Lauto Antonio , Myers Simon J
Published: April 2019

Coactosin is one of the numerous actin-binding proteins which regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Coactosin binds F-actin, and also interacts with 5-lipoxygenase, which is the first committed enzyme in leukotriene biosynthesis. Coactosin and human coactosin like protein 1 (COTL1) have the potential to play a role in the degradation or impairment of neuronal cells and their functioning. Its homology to other proteins that affect neuronal cells also contributes to this notion. The objective of this review is to explore its structural novelty, regulation and its significance in neurodegenerative diseases.
Synthesis of Some Novel Chalcone Derivative Via Microwave Method & It’s Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Pandya Nilesh , Gandhi Tejas , Desai KR
Published: April 2019

Growing public awareness about the state of the environment, chemical product safety and new chemical regulatory policies is driving demand for leaders who are able to understand the science underlying environmental challenges and develop innovative solutions. Chalcones belong to the flavonoid family and display several pharmacological activities which are very important. They can be used as an initial compound for synthesis of a lot of compounds. In this research chalcone derivative are made via green chemistry route and analysed their physical and antimicrobial activity.
Science Can Still Captivate Us All
Authors: Rivero-Müller Adolfo
Published: April 2019

The BBC broadcaster and highly esteemed David Attenborough has repeatedly
expressed that “I don’t know any child that’s not fascinated with the natural world”,
a comment practically invariably followed by his believe that such fascination sadly
wanes out as we grow up. I partially disagree in that it is not only children who are
fascinated by the natural world. In fact, David’s documentaries about the natural world
are yet to stop captivating audiences of all ages.
Essential Stuffs for the Cause of Metallic Corrosion in Mineral Oils
Authors: Aluvihara Suresh , K Premachandra Jagath
Published: April 2019

Metallic corrosion is a prominent interrogation regarding most of industries and even small scale applications of ferrous metals since the corrosion process is modified by some specific compounds which have been found from the natural environment. Mineral oil is a chemical compound that more prone to cause the metallic corrosion due to some specific corrosive properties of mineral oils. There were expected to enquire the impact of two different types of mineral oils on the corrosion rate of seven different types of ferrous metals. According to the methodology of the research the chemical compositions of ferrous metals, foremost corrosive properties of both mineral oils, corrosion rates of similar sized metal coupons after certain time period, qualitative analysis of the corrosion, decay of metals into the mineral oils during the corrosion and the variations of the hardness of metal coupons due to the corrosion were tested by standard methods and instruments. The lower corrosion rates from stainless steels in both mineral oils were obtained as the inceptive results of the experiment with a few of another confirmation observation regarding each investigation.
Grooming Device Effects on Behaviour and Welfare of Japanese Black Fattening Cattle
Authors: Ninomiya Shigeru
Published: April 2019

In livestock farming, a stark or barren environment compromises animal welfare. Environmental enrichment has been used to address the issue. For this study, after fattening cattle were provided with a grooming device (a brush), its effect on animal self-grooming and welfare were investigated. For Research trial 1 and 2, respectively, 28 and 11 Japanese Black steers were observed. Three or four of the animals were group-housed in a pen. For Trial 1, half of the animals were provided with a brush. The animals’ behaviour, carcass weight, and Viscera disease were recorded. Enrichment animals (E) performed self-grooming and scratching of the animals’ body on the brush and pen structures more than control animals (C) did (mean time budgets, 3.34% (SD = 2.48) in E and 0.89% (SD = 0.81) in C, GLMM, z value = 8.28, p < 0.001). The number of animals in which viscera disease was detected after slaughter was lower in E than in C (E = 0, C = 4, a Fisher’s exact probability test, p = 0.03). In Trial 2, brush use behaviour was observed continuously for 72 h. The observation revealed that the animals scratched various body parts on the brush. Results show that providing a brush as environmental enrichment improves welfare by satisfying the motivation of fattening cattle to perform self-grooming.
Fault Diagnosis for Rolling Bearing Based on Semi-Supervised Clustering and Support Vector Data Description with Adaptive Parameter Optimization and Improved Decision Strategy
Authors: Tan Jiawen , Fu Wenlong , Wang Kai , Xue Xiaoming , Hu Wenbing , Shan Yahui
Published: April 2019

Rolling bearing is of great importance in modern industrial products, the failure of which may result in accidents and economic losses. Therefore, fault diagnosis of rolling bearing is significant and necessary and can enhance the reliability and efficiency of mechanical systems. Therefore, a novel fault diagnosis method for rolling bearing based on semi-supervised clustering and support vector data description (SVDD) with adaptive parameter optimization and improved decision strategy is proposed in this study. First, variational mode decomposition (VMD) was applied to decompose the vibration signals into sets of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), where the decomposing mode number K was determined by the central frequency observation method. Next, fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) values of all IMFs were calculated to construct the feature vectors of different types of faults. Later, training samples were clustered with semi-supervised fuzzy C-means clustering (SSFCM) for fully exploiting the information inside samples, whereupon a small number of labeled samples were able to provide sufficient data distribution information for subsequent SVDD algorithms and improve its recognition ability. Afterwards, SVDD with improved decision strategy (ID-SVDD) that combined with k-nearest neighbor was proposed to establish diagnostic model. Simultaneously, the optimal parameters C and σ for ID-SVDD were searched by the newly proposed sine cosine algorithm improved with adaptive updating strategy (ASCA). Finally, the proposed diagnosis method was applied for engineering application as well as contrastive analysis. The obtained results reveal that the proposed method exhibits the best performance in all evaluation metrics and has advantages over other comparison methods in both precision and stability.
Seismic Response of Aeolian Sand High Embankment Slopes in Shaking Table Tests
Authors: Zhou Zhijun , Lei Jiangtao , Shi Shaobo , Liu Tong
Published: April 2019

Aeolian sand high embankments are always damaged by earthquakes; however, little research has addressed this so far. In this study, shaking table tests were conducted on three aeolian sand high embankment models. Based on the shear failure mechanism of aeolian sand, the seismic responses of model embankments were analyzed. When seismic waves were inputted, the horizontal acceleration magnification (HAM) of three models always exceeded 1.0, and showed an increasing trend with height. Furthermore, according to the HAM change rules of three models under different input peak accelerations, the destruction of model embankments under earthquakes includes three stages: the reflected wave emergence (RWE) stage, the reflected wave strengthening (RWS) stage, and the acceleration magnification attenuation (AMA) stage. According to this definition, models with slopes of 1/1.2 and 1/0.8 experienced all three stages during tests, and the critical horizontal acceleration transform from the RWS stage to the AMA stage appeared. The model with a slope of 1/1.5 only experienced RWE and RWS stages during the test. At the end of the tests, the macroscopic instability mechanisms of all three models were studied, which were found to match the distribution law of HAM during tests and the destruction stage definition.
Perovskite Thin Film Materials Stabilized and Enhanced by Zinc(II) Doping
Authors: Kooijman Arjaan , Muscarella Loreta A. , Williams René M.
Published: April 2019

Recent work of ten different groups shows that the application of zinc-halides in lead perovskite materials results in a contraction of the d-space, stronger interaction with the organic cation, improved crystallization with larger crystal domains, a Goldschmidt factor closer to unity, smoother and denser thin films and an even distribution of Zn(II) (at the Pb(II) sites) throughout the material. These combined effects may lead to: (1) a substantially higher stability (even at ambient or high humidity conditions); (2) enhanced luminescent properties; (3) a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the corresponding solar cell devices (up to PCE ~20%, with enhancement factors of 1.07 to 1.33 relative to undoped material).
A Study of Image Upsampling and Downsampling Filters
Authors: Dumitrescu Dragoș , Boiangiu Costin-Anton
Published: April 2019

In this paper, a set of techniques used for downsampling and upsampling of 2D images is analyzed on various image datasets. The comparison takes into account a significant number of interpolation kernels, their parameters, and their algebraical form, focusing mostly on linear interpolation methods with symmetric kernels. The most suitable metrics for measuring the performance of upsampling and downsampling filters’ combinations are presented, discussing their strengths and weaknesses. A test benchmark is proposed, and the obtained results are analyzed with respect to the presented metrics, offering explanations about specific filter behaviors in general, or just in certain circumstances. In the end, a set of filters and parameters recommendations is offered based on extensive testing on carefully selected image datasets. The entire research is based on the study of a large set of research papers and on a solid discussion of the underlying signal processing theory.
Lingering Impacts of Hurricane Hugo on Rhizophora mangle (Red Mangrove) Population Genetics on St. John, USVI
Authors: Bologna Paul. A. X. , Campanella James J. , Restaino Dena J. , Fetske Zachary A. , Lourenco Matthew , Smalley John V.
Published: April 2019

Stochastic events can have catastrophic effects on island populations through a series of genetic stressors from reduced population size. We investigated five populations of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) from St. John, USVI, an UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, which were impacted by Hurricane Hugo in 1989. Our goal was to determine diversity and to ascertain potential population bottlenecks two decades after the event. With the lowest observed heterozygosity, highest inbreeding coefficient, and evidence of a major bottleneck, our results demonstrated that the Great Lameshur mangroves, devastated by Hurricane Hugo, were the least diverse stand of trees. The other four populations from St. John manifested diversity reflecting the vegetation patterns of “fringing” mangrove or “developed forest” characteristics. The two fringing mangrove populations (Hurricane Hole and New Found Bay) evinced low observed heterozygosity and high inbreeding coefficients, while the fully forested sites showed higher heterozygosity and lower inbreeding frequencies. As such, fringing mangroves may be at greater risk to disturbance events and especially susceptible to sea level rise since they do not have room landward to expand. Our pair-wise population analysis indicated genetic similarity between the hurricane-damaged Great Lameshur and Coral Bay population, whose propagules were used in previous restoration attempts and is the geographically closest population. While the effective population size for Great Lameshur Bay places it in risk of genetic dysfunction, future rehabilitation of the site may be possible by the introduction of propagules from other regions of the island. However, recovery will ultimately be contingent upon hydrological connectivity and environmental improvements.
Role of Salt Migration in Destabilization of Intra Permafrost Hydrates in the Arctic Shelf: Experimental Modeling
Authors: Chuvilin Evgeny , Ekimova Valentina , Bukhanov Boris , Grebenkin Sergey , Shakhova Natalia , Semiletov Igor
Published: April 2019

Destabilization of intrapermafrost gas hydrate is one possible reason for methane emission on the Arctic shelf. The formation of these intrapermafrost gas hydrates could occur almost simultaneously with the permafrost sediments due to the occurrence of a hydrate stability zone after sea regression and the subsequent deep cooling and freezing of sediments. The top of the gas hydrate stability zone could exist not only at depths of 200–250 m, but also higher due to local pressure increase in gas-saturated horizons during freezing. Formed at a shallow depth, intrapermafrost gas hydrates could later be preserved and transform into a metastable (relict) state. Under the conditions of submarine permafrost degradation, exactly relict hydrates located above the modern gas hydrate stability zone will, first of all, be involved in the decomposition process caused by negative temperature rising, permafrost thawing, and sediment salinity increasing. That’s why special experiments were conducted on the interaction of frozen sandy sediments containing relict methane hydrates with salt solutions of different concentrations at negative temperatures to assess the conditions of intrapermafrost gas hydrates dissociation. Experiments showed that the migration of salts into frozen hydrate-containing sediments activates the decomposition of pore gas hydrates and increase the methane emission. These results allowed for an understanding of the mechanism of massive methane release from bottom sediments of the East Siberian Arctic shelf.
Notch Signaling Affects Oral Neoplasm Cell Differentiation and Acquisition of Tumor-Specific Characteristics
Authors: Nakano Keisuke , Takabatake Kiyofumi , Kawai Hotaka , Yoshida Saori , Maeda Hatsuhiko , Kawakami Toshiyuki , Nagatsuka Hitoshi
Published: April 2019

Histopathological findings of oral neoplasm cell differentiation and metaplasia suggest that tumor cells induce their own dedifferentiation and re-differentiation and may lead to the formation of tumor-specific histological features. Notch signaling is involved in the maintenance of tissue stem cell nature and regulation of differentiation and is responsible for the cytological regulation of cell fate, morphogenesis, and/or development. In our previous study, immunohistochemistry was used to examine Notch expression using cases of odontogenic tumors and pleomorphic adenoma as oral neoplasms. According to our results, Notch signaling was specifically associated with tumor cell differentiation and metaplastic cells of developmental tissues. Notch signaling was involved in the differentiation of the ductal epithelial cells of salivary gland tumors and ameloblast-like cells of odontogenic tumors. However, Notch signaling was also involved in squamous metaplasia, irrespective of the type of developmental tissue. In odontogenic tumors, Notch signaling was involved in epithelial–mesenchymal interactions and may be related to tumor development and tumorigenesis. This signaling may also be associated with the malignant transformation of ameloblastomas. Overall, Notch signaling appears to play a major role in the formation of the characteristic cellular composition and histological features of oral neoplasms, and this involvement has been reviewed here.
The Origin and Evolution of Release Factors: Implications for Translation Termination, Ribosome Rescue, and Quality Control Pathways
Authors: Burroughs A. Maxwell , Aravind L
Published: April 2019

The evolution of release factors catalyzing the hydrolysis of the final peptidyl-tRNA bond and the release of the polypeptide from the ribosome has been a longstanding paradox. While the components of the translation apparatus are generally well-conserved across extant life, structurally unrelated release factor peptidyl hydrolases (RF-PHs) emerged in the stems of the bacterial and archaeo-eukaryotic lineages. We analyze the diversification of RF-PH domains within the broader evolutionary framework of the translation apparatus. Thus, we reconstruct the possible state of translation termination in the Last Universal Common Ancestor with possible tRNA-like terminators. Further, evolutionary trajectories of the several auxiliary release factors in ribosome quality control (RQC) and rescue pathways point to multiple independent solutions to this problem and frequent transfers between superkingdoms including the recently characterized ArfT, which is more widely distributed across life than previously appreciated. The eukaryotic RQC system was pieced together from components with disparate provenance, which include the long-sought-after Vms1/ANKZF1 RF-PH of bacterial origin. We also uncover an under-appreciated evolutionary driver of innovation in rescue pathways: effectors deployed in biological conflicts that target the ribosome. At least three rescue pathways (centered on the prfH/RFH, baeRF-1, and C12orf65 RF-PH domains), were likely innovated in response to such conflicts.
Overexpression of a S-Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase from Sugar Beet M14 Increased Araidopsis Salt Tolerance
Authors: Ji Meichao , Wang Kun , Wang Lin , Chen Sixue , Li Haiying , Ma Chunquan , Wang Yuguang
Published: April 2019

Polyamines play an important role in plant growth and development, and response to abiotic stresses. Previously, differentially expressed proteins in sugar beet M14 (BvM14) under salt stress were identified by iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. One of the proteins was an S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), a key rate-limiting enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of polyamines. In this study, the BvM14-SAMDC gene was cloned from the sugar beet M14. The full-length BvM14-SAMDC was 1960 bp, and its ORF contained 1119 bp encoding the SAMDC of 372 amino acids. In addition, we expressed the coding sequence of BvM14-SAMDC in Escherichia coli and purified the ~40 kD BvM14-SAMDC with high enzymatic activity. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the BvM14-SAMDC was up-regulated in the BvM14 roots and leaves under salt stress. To investigate the functions of the BvM14-SAMDC, it was constitutively expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. The transgenic plants exhibited greater salt stress tolerance, as evidenced by longer root length and higher fresh weight and chlorophyll content than wild type (WT) under salt treatment. The levels of spermidine (Spd) and spermin (Spm) concentrations were increased in the transgenic plants as compared with the WT. Furthermore, the overexpression plants showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased cell membrane damage. Compared with WT, they also had low expression levels of RbohD and RbohF, which are involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Together, these results suggest that the BvM14-SAMDC mediated biosynthesis of Spm and Spd contributes to plant salt stress tolerance through enhancing antioxidant enzymes and decreasing ROS generation.
In Vitro Co-Culture Model of Primary Human Osteoblasts and Osteocytes in Collagen Gels
Authors: Skottke Jasmin , Gelinsky Michael , Bernhardt Anne
Published: April 2019

Background: Osteocytes are the key regulator cells in bone tissue, affecting activity of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Current in vitro studies on osteocyte-osteoblast interaction are invariably performed with rodent cells, mostly murine cell lines, which diminishes the clinical relevance of the data. Objective: The objective of the present study was to establish an in vitro co-culture system of osteoblasts and osteocytes, which is based solely on human primary cells. Methods: Three different approaches for the generation of human primary osteocytes were compared: direct isolation of osteocytes from bone tissue by multistep digestion, long-time differentiation of human pre-osteoblasts embedded in collagen gels, and short time differentiation of mature human osteoblasts in collagen gels. Co-cultivation of mature osteoblasts with osteocytes, derived from the three different approaches was performed in a transwell system, with osteocytes, embedded in collagen gels at the apical side and osteoblasts on the basal side of a porous membrane, which allowed the separate gene expression analysis for osteocytes and osteoblasts. Fluorescence microscopic imaging and gene expression analysis were performed separately for osteocytes and osteoblasts. Results: All examined approaches provided cells with typical osteocytic morphology, which expressed osteocyte markers E11, osteocalcin, phosphate regulating endopeptidase homolog, X-linked (PHEX), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE), sclerostin, and receptor activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL). Expression of osteocyte markers was not significantly changed in the presence of osteoblasts. In contrast, osteocalcin gene expression of osteoblasts was significantly upregulated in all examined co-cultures with differentiated osteocytes. Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), bone sialoprotein II (BSPII), and RANKL expression of osteoblasts was not significantly changed in the co-culture. Conclusion: Interaction of osteoblasts and osteocytes can be monitored in an in vitro model, comprising solely primary human cells.
Global Burden Related to Nitrous Oxide Exposure in Medical and Recreational Settings: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis
Authors: Oussalah Abderrahim , Julien Mélissa , Levy Julien , Hajjar Olivia , Franczak Claire , Stephan Charlotte , Laugel Elodie , Wandzel Marion , Filhine-Tresarrieu Pierre , Green Ralph , Guéant Jean-Louis
Published: April 2019

The risk of adverse effects of nitrous oxide (N2O) exposure is insufficiently recognized despite its widespread use. These effects are mainly reported through case reports. We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of clinical, laboratory, and magnetic resonance findings in association with N2O exposure in medical and recreational settings. We calculated the pooled estimates for the studied outcomes and assessed the potential bias related to population stratification using principal component analysis. Eighty-five publications met the inclusion criteria and reported on 100 patients with a median age of 27 years and 57% of recreational users. The most frequent outcomes were subacute combined degeneration (28%), myelopathy (26%), and generalized demyelinating polyneuropathy (23%). A T2 signal hyperintensity in the spinal cord was reported in 68% (57.2–78.8%) of patients. The most frequent clinical manifestations included paresthesia (80%; 72.0–88.0%), unsteady gait (58%; 48.2–67.8%), and weakness (43%; 33.1–52.9%). At least one hematological abnormality was retrieved in 71.7% (59.9–83.4%) of patients. Most patients had vitamin B12 deficiency: vitamin B12 <150 pmol/L (70.7%; 60.7–80.8%), homocysteine >15 µmol/L (90.3%; 79.3–100%), and methylmalonic acid >0.4 µmol/L (93.8%; 80.4–100%). Consistently, 85% of patients exhibited a possibly or probably deficient vitamin B12 status according to the cB12 scoring system. N2O can produce severe outcomes, with neurological or hematological disorders in almost all published cases. More than half of them are reported in the setting of recreational use. The N2O-related burden is dominated by vitamin B12 deficiency. This highlights the need to evaluate whether correcting B12 deficiency would prevent N2O-related toxicity, particularly in countries with a high prevalence of B12 deficiency.