bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Russians of the neighboring countries in the post-Soviet period: geodemographic, ethno-social, sociocultural aspects
Authors: Sushchy Sergey
Published: March 2021

The following review article analyzes an array of scientific studies dedicated to the Russian population of the neighboring countries. This article considers the works dealing with quantitative, spatial, and settlement dynamics of Russian communities; scale and direction of migration; shifts in indicators of natural reproduction and sex-age structure. Analysis of the scientific literature shows a widespread trend of depopulation, reduction in geography, a noticeable gender imbalance and increase in the average age among Russians across the entire near abroad. But there are also significant cross-country differences in these trends. This article also identifies main directions of research on the ethno-social dynamics of the Russian population, including analysis of the problems of its ethnic self-identification and interethnic marriage, the related assimilation processes, which, depending on the country and region, could contribute to both replenishment of Russian communities, or growth of their demographic losses. The studies dedicated to sociocultural processes, to position of the Russian language and Russian culture in the post-Soviet space, show multidirectional nature of the changes. A significant reduction in the scale of Russian-language education and other spheres of sociocultural infrastructure was combined in the post-Soviet space with dominance of the Russian-speaking Internet and keeping Russian as the language of interethnic communication. The scientific literature also reveal significant differences in the strategies of the Russian people themselves, in some regions of the neighboring countries they are predominantly focused on complex socio-cultural integration, in the others — on preservation of their cultural and linguistic specifics.
VI international research and practical conference «Incomes, expenditures and savings of the Russian population: trends and prospects»
Authors: Aleksandrova Olga , Yarasheva Aziza
Published: March 2021

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Conceptualization of the efficiency model of the institution of social protection of population (Part 1)
Authors: Shakirova Alisa , Demkina Elena
Published: March 2021

Today, we are faced with the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which directly or indirectly affected all countries and regions of the world. The State policy of all countries is aimed at containing the spread of the virus and meeting the basic needs of people in forced isolation. This situation has once again proved the importance of the institution of social protection of population (hereinafter—ISPP) and the need to ensure the efficiency of its functioning. The high rates of growth of social changes, in turn, cause a certain lag behind the process of their scientific comprehension accumulation of issues unsolved by means of sociological science. Thus, the current system for assessing efficiency of the ISPP functioning in terms of the actually obtained result against the normative / planned one, as well as the system for assessing economic costs, do not meet the challenges faced by modern science and management. Many problems concerning assessment of the ISPP functioning remain unresolved. In particular, the entire range of difficulties faced by consumers of social services has not been fully disclosed; the issues of achieving a consistently high satisfaction of vulnerable groups of the population with various quantitative and qualitative parameters of service provision are acute. The article discusses the scientific concepts and approaches to assessing the effectiveness of social protection of population used in domestic and foreign social science and practice, and outlines the developed model for assessing effectiveness of the ISPP functioning on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan, which is based on an integrated approach that consists in fixing the temporal and spatial aspects of assessing effectiveness of the ISPP functioning.
CONTRATO, VISADA E ETHOS NO TAPETE VERMELHO DA 75ª EDIÇÃO DO GLOBO DE OURO
Authors: DRUMOND KELLY F. MAYRINK
Published: March 2021

Em sua 75ª edição, o Globo de Ouro foi marcado por um protesto convocado pelo movimento Time’s up, que levou as celebridades a estrelarem o tapete vermelho com uma mesma cor de roupa: o preto. Com base nesse corpus e partindo dos dispositivos teóricos da Análise do Discurso, o presente artigo refletirá sobre a existência de uma prática discursiva não verbal intrínseca às roupas, transformadas em instrumento político. Nesse ato linguareiro, identificar-se-ão os conceitos de “Contrato de Comunicação”, “Visadas discursivas” e “Ethos”, considerando análises feitas a partir, principalmente, dos postulados de Charaudeau (2004) e Maingueneau (2005).
Pengaruh Pendidikan Gizi terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Keterampilan Kader Melakukan Konseling Gizi Di Posyandu
Authors: Imansari Adillah , Madanijah Siti , Kustiyah Lilik
Published: March 2021

Latar Belakang: Pendidikan gizi dapat berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan kader dalam mendeteksi status gizi balita secara dini di posyandu. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan gizi terhadap pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan konseling gizi di posyandu. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan quasi experiment dengan rancangan non randomized control group pre-test – post-test. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 60 kader dari Kecamatan Tatanga, Kota Palu yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni –Agustus 2019. Kelompok intervensi diberikan pendidikan gizi sebanyak 3 kali dengan teknik ceramah, simulasi dan praktik dengan menggunakan modul. Kelompok kontrol diberikan pendidikan gizi sebanyak 1 kali dengan teknik ceramah tanpa modul . Analisis menggunakan independen t-test dan paired t-test.  Hasil: Kelompok intervensi mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan post-test 1 sebesar 21.96 poin dan  post-test 2 meningkat sebesar 0.4 poin; sikap post-test 1 meningkat sebesar 6.73 poin dan post-test 2 meningkat sebesar 0.07 poin; keterampilan post-test 1 meningkat sebesar 21.94 poin dan post-test 2 meningkat sebesar 0.26 poin. Sementara kelompok kontrol mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan post-test 1 sebesar 11.17 poin dan saat post-test 2 meningkat sebesar 8.63 poin; sikap  post-test 1 meningkat sebesar 0.27 poin dan post-test 2 menurun sebesar 0.94 poin; keterampilan post-test 1 meningkat sebesar 7.22 poin dan post-test 2 menurun 0.28 poin. Kesimpulan: Nilai pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan kader pada kelompok intervensi siginifikan lebih baik daripada kelompok kontrol. Pendidikan gizi dengan simulasi dan praktik sebaiknya dilakukan secara berkelanjutan sehingga pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan kader tetap terjaga lebih baik.
Faktor Risiko Obesitas pada Guru Sekolah Perempuan serta Relevansi dengan PTM Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Al Rahmad Agus Hendra
Published: March 2021

Background: The prevalence of obesity in the world is getting higher, so it becomes a severe health problem. Some factors that contribute to the problem of obesity are increased calorie intake, including the consumption of junk food and sedentary, and low physical activity. School teachers are one of the most crucial labor elements in improving the human development indeks.Objectives: The study aims to determine the risk factors for obesity in female teachers as well as some non-communicable health problems during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods: This quantitative study uses a cross-sectional design, which was conducted on 270 female school teachers; the sample was taken by purposive sampling. Participants measured weight, height, waist circumference data. Blood pressure data were also recorded by participants, including data on diabetes, cholesterol, arthritis, coronary heart disease. While the BMI value data is calculated by the researcher Data collection using a questionnaire distributed from Google Form. Statistical analysis using test Chi-Square and Logistic Regression. Results: The results showed risk factors for obesity in female school teachers were age, waist circumference, consuming junk food, type of diet and physical activity (p< 0.05), with the main predictor being consumption junk food (OR= 3.2). Also, obesity in women is closely related to several non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and arthritis.Conclusions: The main risk factors that cause the high prevalence of obesity in female school teachers in Banda Aceh City are due to consumption habits junk food during the Covid-19 pandemic, and are strongly related to health problems such as hypertension and arthritis.
Hubungan Asupan dan Kadar Serum β-karoten, Aktivitas SOD, TNF-α dan 8-isoprostan serum dengan Ukuran Tumor Payudara
Authors: Rizqiawan Angga , Marliyati Sri Anna , Rimbawan Rimbawan
Published: March 2021

Latar Belakang: Kanker payudara dapat disebabkan oleh berkembangnya Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) di dalam sel yang memicu stres oksidatif dan oksidasi pada DNA. DNA akan kehilangan kemampuannya untuk memperbaiki diri dan terjadi mutasi. Mutasi dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sel tumor. Asupan antioksidan seperti β-karoten pada penderita tumor dimungkinkan dapat menurunkan stres oksidatif dan risiko berkembangnya kanker.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan asupan dan kadar serum β-karoten, aktivitas SOD, TNF-α dan 8-isoprostan serum dengan ukuran tumor payudara.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Data yang digunakan adalah data baseline dari penelitian utama yang diambil pada bulan November-Desember 2018. Sebanyak 15 orang wanita yang terindikasi tumor payudara dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi serta eksklusi diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan spearman.Hasil: Usia subjek berkisar antara 22-52 tahun dengan rata-rata usia 36 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan asupan β-karoten per hari masih kurang. Terdapat hubungan antara asupan β-karoten dengan aktivitas SOD (p=0,025; r=0,408) dan aktivitas SOD dengan ukuran tumor payudara (p=0,018; r=-0,430). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan tidak langsung antara asupan β-karoten dengan ukuran tumor payudara. Kadar serum β-karoten, TNF-α dan 8-isoprostan serum tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan ukuran tumor payudara (p=0,107; r=-0,430 | p=0.061; r=0,347 | p= 0,217; r=0,232).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara asupan β-karoten dengan aktivitas SOD dan aktivitas SOD dengan ukuran tumor payudara.
Evaluasi Suhu dan Kelembapan Ruang Pengolahan Dan Ruang Distribusi Instalasi Gizi Di Rsud Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Sari Yulianti Wulan , Rahadiyanti Melania , Atmaka Dominikus Raditya
Published: March 2021

Latar Belakang: Suhu dan kelembapan dalam ruang pengolahan dan distribusi merupakan hal penting yang harus diperhatikan. Suhu dan kelembapan ruangan yang baik akan menjaga makanan agar terhindar dari aktivitas mikroorganisme. Suhu dan kelembapan juga menjadi hal penting bagi penjamah makanan agar tetap merasa aman dan nyaman pada saat bekerja.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran suhu dan kelembapan udara pada ruangan pengolahan dan distribusi di Instalasi Gizi RSUD Kabupaten Sidoarjo.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cohort retrospektif. Pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali sehari yaitu pagi ( sekitar pukul 10.00), siang (sekitar pukul 14.00) sore (sekitar pukul 17.00), dan malam (sekitar pukul 19.00). Penelitian suhu dan kelembapan dilakukan di ruang pengolahan dan distribusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara melihat laporan penilaian ketepatan suhu dan kelembapan pada bulan april, mei, juli dan agustus yang telah diobservasi sebanyak 4 kali sehari.Hasil: Suhu di ruang pengolahan dan ruang distribusi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan standar rumah sakit yakni antara 25-27°C. Akan tetapi, apabila dibandingkan dengan standar Permenkes, suhu masih tergolong aman. Kelembapan udara di ruang pengolahan masih berada dalam standar, namun di ruang distribusi kelembapan udara lebih tinggi dari standar rumah sakit dan permenkes, yakni 40-70%.Kesimpulan: Suhu dan kelembapan udara di ruang pengolahan dan distribusi sudah memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan.Kata kunci: Suhu, Kelembapan, Ruang Pengolahan, Ruang Distribusi
Latihan Berjalan Kaki terhadap Perbaikan Profil Lipid pada Wanita Dewasa Kelebihan Berat Badan
Authors: Harun Iriyani
Published: March 2021

Background: Overweight and obesity are the accumulation of excess fat accumulation which has become a serious problem at the global level, one of which is an abnormality of the lipid profile (dyslipidemia) which is a trigger for cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease and stroke. Physical inactivity is one of the causes of health problems such as obesity and other metabolic disorders. Walking is a moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity suitable for all ages and has a variety of health benefits, especially in less active obese adults. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze walking exercise against changes in the lipid profile of overweight women Discusion: This study is a literature review conducted through online database searches of Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct to examine relevant research results regarding the benefits of walking exercise to improve lipid profile. The results showed that walking exercise was able to reduce levels of TC, TG, LDL, and increase serum HDL in overweight and obese patients if it was done with the recommended intensity, duration, and frequencyConclusions: walking exercise is an aerobic physical activity that is suitable for overweight and obese patients and has the potential to improve lipid profiles. This study is expected to be the basis for recommendations to increase daily physical activity for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Position of Patients with Mid-Range Ejection Fraction in the General Chronic Heart Failure Population
Authors: Vatutin N. T. , Shevelok A. N. , Venzheha V. V.
Published: March 2021

The European society of cardiology guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure (CHF) in 2016 identified a new group of patients with mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with reference interval in the range of 40-49 %. This review highlights the issues of epidemiology and etiology of CHF, outlines the echocardiographic portrait, biomarker profile and patients` dynamic phenotypes, considers the guidelines of their managements and the prognosis of the disease determiner’s factors. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the formation of this heterogeneous cohort of patients and the feasibility of expanding the existing CHF classification by introducing two transitional phenotypes.
Tophaceous Gout Causing the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Flexor Digitorum Dysfunction: A Case Report
Authors: Kulakov D. Y. , Lyalina V. V. , Skripnichenko E. A. , Pripisnova S. G. , Maksimov A. A. , Shehter A. B. , Nikitin I. G.
Published: March 2021

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common peripheral compression neuropathy and can be caused by many diseases and conditions, including the formation of gouty tophi in various structures of the tunnel. This publication provides a review of literature and a case report on Carpal tunnel syndrome in a 58-year-old male patient with tophaceous gout. The case is characterized by the extremely rare combination of median nerve compression and tendons dysfunction due to the tophi deposits in the flexor tendons of the hand.
CORPORALIDADE E IMAGINAÇÃO: INDICAÇÕES PARA UMA DIFERENCIAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA NO HUMANISMO
Authors: Barreto Marco Heleno
Published: March 2021

Tomando como marco teórico a Antropologia Filosófica de Henrique C. de Lima Vaz, neste artigo enfoca-se a relação entre corporalidade e imaginação, mostrando-a como um dos elementos que permitiriam a proposição de uma forma de humanismo que explicitamente integrasse as instâncias que definem, de modo geral, a consciência ecológica contemporânea. Esta seria uma diferenciação ecológica dentro de uma posição humanista, com fundamentação antropológico-filosófica. Como noção filosófica que contribuiria para o desenvolvimento de tal diferenciação, apresenta-se a concepção de imaginação material em Gaston Bachelard. Por fim, indica-se no pensamento de C.G. Jung uma perspectiva convergente com esse mesmo objetivo.
LIMA VAZ: POR QUÊ PENSAR O ABSOLUTO?
Authors: Drawin Carlos Roberto
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo divide-se em três partes. Na primeira parte são apresentadas algumas notas sobre o itinerário intelectual de Lima Vaz a partir de suas entrevistas e depoimento autobiográficos de modo a ressaltar simultaneamente a sua abertura para as inquietações de sua época e o rigor e consistência de sua investigação. Na segunda parte são feitas algumas indicações acerca de sua apropriação da filosofia hegeliana a partir de sua opção metafísica. Na terceira parte procurou-se mostrar a sua concepção de pensar o Absoluto não decorre de uma decisão arbitrária e baseada em suas convicções religiosas, mas responde à necessidade de criticar as aporias suscitadas pelos humanismos antropocêntricos. No final do texto, à luz do pensamento de Lima Vaz, são feitas algumas poucas considerações sobre a filosofia heideggeriana.
A Decade Long Slowdown in Road Accidents and Inherent Consequences Predicted for South Africa
Authors: Machetele Dimakatso , Yessoufou Kowiyou
Published: March 2021

Globally, there are 1.35 million road fatalities every year, which are estimated to cost governments approximately US$ 518 billion, making road fatalities the 8th leading cause of death across all age groups and the leading cause of death of children and young adults. In South Africa, despite tremendous governmental efforts to curb the soaring trajectory of road accidents, the annual number of road fatalities has increased by 26% in recent years. By fitting a structural equation model (SEM) and a GARCH Model (Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroskedastic-ity) to analyze and predict future trend of road accidents (number of road accidents, number of casualties, number of fatal crashes and number of persons killed) in South Africa, we propose and test a complex metamodel that integrates multiple causality relationships. We show an increasing trend of road accidents over time, a trend that is predictable by number of vehicles in the country, the population of the country and the total distance travelled by vehicles. We further show that death rate linked to road accidents is on average 23.14 deaths per 100,000 persons and is pre-dictable following the equation: y = -0.0114x2+1.2378x-2.2627 (R2=0.76) with y = death rate and x = year. Finally, in the next decade, the number of road accidents is predicted to be roughly constant at 617,253 accidents but can reach 1 896 667 accidents in the worst-case scenario. The number of casualties was also predicted to be roughly constant at 93 531 over time, although this number may reach 661 531 in the worst-case scenario. However, although the number of fatal crashes may decrease in the next decade, it is forecasted to reach 11 241 within the next 10 years with the worse scenario estimated at 19 034 within the same period. At the same time, the number of persons killed in fatal crashes is also predicted to be roughly constant at 14 739 but may also reach 172 784 in the worse scenario. Overall, the present study reveals perhaps the positive effects of government initiatives to curb road accidents and their consequences; we call for more stronger actions for a drastic reduction in road accident events in South Africa.
ANALISIS PELAT PERKERASAN KAKU RUAS JALAN SONGGORUNGGI-MALANGSARI KECAMATAN NGUTER SUKOHARJO DENGAN APLIKASI ATENA 3D
Authors: Wibowo Wibowo - , Setyawan Ary , Prasetyo Handy
Published: March 2021

Menganalisis Pelat untuk mengetahui lendutan, tegangan dengan metode westergaard program Atena
Initial Rotation Characteristic Investigation of a Hybrid Savonius - Darrieus Wind Turbine using 6 DOF Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Wicaksono Hangga , Susilo Sugeng Hadi , Pranoto Bayu , Fakhruddin Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The inconsistency of the wind flow considered as one of the factors which tend to decrease the performance of the wind turbine. This paper proposes a further analysis of the initial rotation characteristic of a hybrid Savonius - Darrieus wind turbine. The addition of the Darrieus blade intends to increase the aerodynamic stability of the overlapping Savonius turbine. This study implements 2D CFD transient analysis using the 6DOF methods in 00, 300, 600, and 900 Darrieus blade position along with 2 m/s, 4 m/s, and 6 m/s wind speed variations. The results of the aerodynamic analysis show that the location of the Darrieus 300 turbine provides the greatest initial repulsion, especially when the turbine rotation is above 900, the position of the Darrieus blade can provide additional impulse force when the Savonius turbine tends to be passive. This effect occurs more significant at higher wind speeds. Savonius with 3-blade modification has a more stable level of force distribution than the 2-blade modification, although the value is smaller. This shows that the 3-blade Savonius provide a higher stability of angular velocity development.
The Determinant Factors of Students’ Green Behavior: Lesson from Indonesia
Authors: Suratno Suratno
Published: March 2021

This study aims to examine the determinants factors affecting students’ green behavior, particularly in plastic waste problems. The subjects of this study were Jambi University students with a sample of 1001 respondents. Data collection instruments were compiled by the researcher and tested for validity and reliability. Data collection was carried out using online questionnaire in collaboration with the information technology and communication development institute of the University of Jambi. The collected data is analyzed quantitatively using regression analysis by employing SPSS (version 25. The findings of the study showed that student awareness in environmental issues is the main variable influencing student behavior, followed by students’ understanding of environment variables and ecological-economic literacy variables. Meanwhile, the student lifestyle variable does not affect the behavior of students in the plastic waste problem.
Strategic Development Planning in the Perspectives of Public Accountability: Lesson from East Java in Indonesia
Authors: Handayati Puji , Sutadji Eddy , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy , Wulandari Dwi , Alhaleh Shadi Emad Areef , Prayitno Putra Hilmi
Published: March 2021

This study is intended to identify the level of compatibility documents planning (RPJPD, RPJMD, and RKPD) between provincial and city/regency in East Java of Indonesia. In addition, this study also provides a framework in proposing documents for each city/regency in East Java. This research applied a qualitative method using content analysis. This study employed both primary and secondary data to gain a deeper understanding to the existing phenomenon. The primary data was gathered from in-depth interviews, while secondary data was achieved from several documents owned by each city/regency in East Java provincial. The findings of the study reveal that in general, the substance of the RPJMD in the twenty regencies/cities in East Java of Indonesia is in accordance with the provincial plan. However, there are several different sections of the format in the placement of chapters and sub-chapters of the naming of chapters. In the broader sense, the substance of the RKPD in the twenty regencies/cities is in accordance with the provincial plan.
Internalization of Pancasila Economics Values in Elementary School Students
Authors: Widjaja Sri Umi Mintarti
Published: March 2021

This study aims to find out how to be wise in instilling Pancasila-based economic values ​​in elementary school students and implementing their economic learning. The qualitative descriptive method is used in this research. The research participants were teachers at SD Negeri Kampungdalem I, SD Negeri Bungur I, and SD Negeri Ngentrong, who teach in grades 1-5. Data collection was carried out by observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews. Furthermore, data analysis reduces data, displays or displays data, and finally. The data triangulation method was used to test the validity of the data before dis. The results of the study as a whole show that elementary school teachers make efforts in applying the economic value of Pancasila to students. These efforts have a positive impact in shaping students' character based on the economic values ​​of Pancasila. Even so, the application of Pancasila economic values ​​for early childhood in elementary schools needs improvement. Schools also provide more support and attention to these efforts.
PLANNING OF 5G NETWORK PATH LOSS IN GEOMETRY BASED STOCHASTIC CONCEPT BY USING LINEAR REGRESSION METHODS
Authors: Ubaidillah Achmad , Kholida S. Ida
Published: March 2021

This research is a continuation of several previous studies that made 5G network planning using the Free Space Reference Path Loss model. In this study, a 5G network path loss planning was made using the Geometry Based Stochastic model. A forecasting system is created that connects the path loss with the distance between the transmitter and the receiver antenna using the linear regression method. It is important to look at 5G network planning on a different side. The result shows that the path loss value in the light of sight condition is better than the non-light of sight condition with the lowest value of 94.4271 dB at the frequency of 28 GHz and 99.5856 dB at the 73 GHz frequency. Linear Regression analysis shows that the best path loss calculation is the frequency 28 GHz of LOS conditions with MSE is 0.001 and the standard deviation error is 0.0319.
Variant Domination Types for a Complete h-ary Tree
Authors: Mitlif Rasha Jalal , Al-Harere Manal N. , Sadiq Fatema Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Graph  is a tool that can be used to simplify and solve network problems. Domination is a typical network problem that graph theory is well suited for. A subset of nodes in any network is called dominating if every node is contained in this subset, or is connected to a node in it via an edge. Because of the importance of domination in different areas, variant types of domination have been introduced according to the purpose they are used for. In this paper, two domination parameters the first is the restrained and the second is secure domination have been chosn. The secure domination, and some types of restrained domination in one type of trees is called complete ary tree  are determined.
Preparation of live cell samples for fluorescence spectroscopy and computational super-resolution imaging
Authors: Sankaran Jagadish , Balasubramanian Harikrushnan , Tang Wai Hoh , Ng Xue Wen , Röllin Adrian , Wohland Thorsten
Published: March 2021

We describe a protocol for the preparation of live cell samples for fluorescence spectroscopy and computational super-resolution imaging. We detail here how to culture, transfect, and prepare the cells for fluorescence applications.
Analysis of wave damping in pipeline having different pipe materials configuration under water hammer conditions
Authors: Garg Rahul Kumar , Kumar Arun , Abbas Ali
Published: March 2021

Hydraulic transient occurs whenever there is a sudden change in the flow velocity resulting in variation of pressure and flow in a water conductor system . Experiments have been conducted in a straight pipeline having material of Mild Steel (MS) and Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) pipelines and their combined configurations. From experiments, it has been observed that there is a smooth and strong damping of pressure waves in the pipeline system. Experimental results were compared with results obtained for classical water hammer equations solved in MATLAB and analyzed that there are several dissipative factors, other than fluid viscosity, responsible for strong damping of pressure wave amplitude. Further, an improvement in the governing equation of water hammer in a closed conduit was proposed by incorporating a different wave damping coefficient (a). The modified governing equations have been solved for each water hammer cycle using MATLAB. The numerical simulation results show that proposed approach gives better agreements between the experimental and computational results for all investigated cases.
Green Roofs in Dry Cities. Selection of Plant Species According to Their Biological and Thermal Behaviour
Authors: Asin Juan Emiliano Flores , Martinez Claudia Fernanda , Cantón María Alicia , Correa Erica Norma
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes the identification of adapted plant species with high local availability feasible for implementation as green roofs in dry cities. To this end, two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions. One of them aimed at determining the biological behaviour of a sample set of fourteen species based on the measurement of three variables: plant cover, water consumption, and leaf temperature. The other test sought to determine the thermal behaviour of green roofs by comparing preselected species according to their biological response with traditional roofs. In this case, the following meteorological variables were recorded: outdoor and indoor air temperature, substrate temperature, and water content. Finally, the data obtained were statistically processed. Biological results show that the species Aptenia cordifolia, Cynodon dactylon, Hyalis argentea, and Nassella tenuissima reach plant cover higher than 70% with Aptenia cordifolia recording the lowest water consumption, 217 l/year. Regarding thermal behaviour, the green roof with Nassella tenuissima -a shrubby native species- results in the highest mitigation of outdoor temperature, reducing average indoor temperature by 3.4°C. These results show the biological and thermal fitness of local species that guarantee the sustainability of the system itself as well as higher thermal efficiency with lower water consumption.
Comparison of representative heuristic algorithmsfor integrated reservoir optimal operation
Authors: Wang Wenzhuo , Jia Benyou , Simonovic Slobodan P. , Wu Shiqiang , Fan Ziwu , Ren Li
Published: March 2021

Heuristic algorithms (HAs) are widely used in integrated reservoir optimal operation due to the fast calculation and simple design. Existing literature usually focuses on one or two categories of HAs and simply reviews the state of the art. To provide an overall understanding and specific comparison of HAs in integrated reservoir optimal operation, differential evolution (DE), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and artificial physics optimization (APO), which serves as typical examples of the three categories of HAs, were compared in terms of the development and applications using a designed experiment. Besides, the general model with constraints and fitness function, and the solving process using a hybrid feasible domain restoration method and penalty function method were also presented. Taking a designed experiment with multiple scenarios, four evaluation criteria are used for the comprehensive comparison. Results of the comparison show that (a) the problem of integrated reservoir optimal operation is a mathematic programming problem with the narrow feasible region and monotonic objective function; (b) it is easy to obtain the same optimal objective function value but different optimal solutions when using heuristic algorithms; and (c) DE, PSO and APO does not result in a clear winner, but DE could be more appropriate for integrated reservoir operation optimization according to the four evaluation criteria used in this study.
miR-637 prevents glioblastoma progression by interrupting ZEB2/WNT/β-catenin cascades
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhou Zilong , Han Shuai , Wu Di
Published: March 2021

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most frequent primary malignancies in the central nervous system. Aberrant activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways is critical for GBM malignancy. However, the regulation of WNT/β-catenin signaling cascades remains unclear. Presently, we observed the increased expression of ZEB2 and decreased expression of miR-637 in GBM. The expression of miR-637 was negatively correlated with expression of ZEB2. miR-637 overexpression overcame the ZEB2-enhanced cell proliferation and G1/S phase transition. In addition, miR-637 suppressed canonical WNT/β-catenin pathways by targeting WNT7A directly. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments in U251 mice demonstrated that miR-637 inhibited cell proliferation and arrested the G1/S phase transition, leading to tumor growth suppression. The collective findings suggest that ZEB2 and WNT/β-catenin cascades merge at miR-637 and the ectopic expression of miR-637 disturbs ZEB2/WNT/β-Catenin-mediated GBM growth. The findings should inform improved β-catenin-targeted therapy against GBM.
The Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Productivity in Asian Countries: a heterogeneous panel data approach
Authors: Ozdemir Dicle
Published: March 2021

While climate change is having serious impacts on agriculture and may require ongoing adaptation, short-term threats to global food security are also crucial for developing countries. This study aims to investigate how the effects of climate change on agricultural productivity vary depending upon the short-run and long-run in Asia over the period of 1980–2016. The results confirmed that there is a long-term relationship between agricultural productivity and climate change variables; however, only CO2 emissions could be linked to agricultural productivity in the short-term. Moreover, while the direction of this effect is positive for the short term, it turns into negative in the long term confirming that carbon fertilization in the atmosphere can to some extent have a positive effect on agricultural productivity.
Lifetime Maximization for 5G Mobile Networks using Secured and Finest Optimal Routing Protocol
Authors: V Thirunavukkarasu , A Senthil Kumar , P Prakasam , G Suresh
Published: March 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The determination of the activation energy for a Vibro-impact system under multiple excitations
Authors: wang jianlong , Leng Xiaolei , Liu Xianbin
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the stochastic stability of a Vibro-impact system with multiple excitation forces is studied. Due to the multiple external excitations, the probability density function (PDF) of the system is extremely difficult to solve. In addition, the existence of coexisting steady states is very common for the Vibro-impact system, and the perturbation of random noise will cause the transitions between the steady states. In this case, we are more interested in working out each attractor’s activation energy, which is specifically used to characterize the attractor’s stochastic stability, rather than the solution of the PDF. Based on the large deviation theory, the asymptotic analysis is carried out, and a time-varying Hamilton’s equation for the quasi-potential is derived. To verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis, two detailed examples, where an impact attractor and a non-impactor coexist in the system, are conducted. By the application of the action plot method, the activation energies and the most probable exit paths (MPEP) for each attractor are derived. Compared with the numerical simulation, it shows very good agreement. Moreover, it is found that the existence of transient chaos near the attractor could seriously deteriorate the attractor’s stability.
Antimicrobial Properties of Catha edulis (Miraa) against Select Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens, an in-vitro Experimental Study
Authors: Kithinji Dennis , Maina Susan , Ndwigah Stanley , Mugo Hannington , Oyugi Julius
Published: March 2021

Background: The increasing risk of emergence of antimicrobial resistance can be addressed by discovering alternatives to antibiotics such as plant-based botanicals. In the present study, the antimicrobial properties of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Catha edulis (Miraa) were tested on select pathogenic bacteria and fungi.Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted in-vitro using the agar well diffusion method. The aqueous and methanolic extracts were dissolved in water to form 1000 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, and 10 mg/ml doses. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done in appropriate culture media and conditions. Diameters of zones of inhibition were obtained, their means calculated, and t-tests applied to test significance of differences between means. Results: The aqueous Miraa extracts at all three concentrations significantly inhibited the growth of all bacterial pathogens except E. coli but did not have an effect on C. albicans. The largest zones of inhibition for the aqueous extracts were observed at 1000 mg/ml against S. pneumoniae (28.41 mm), S. pyogenes ATCC 19615 (24.27 mm), MRSA (21.86 mm), and S. aureus clinical isolate (20.38 mm). Similarly, the largest zones of inhibition for the methanolic extracts were at 1000 mg/ml against S. pneumoniae clinical isolate (26.75 mm), S. pyogenes ATCC 19615 (25.38 mm), S. aureus clinical isolate (19.71 mm), and MRSA ATCC 43300 (16.38 mm).Conclusions: Crude Miraa extracts have significant antimicrobial effects in vitro against the tested microorganisms. Further studies on Miraa extracts to identify the active phytochemicals and investigate their therapeutic effects in-vivo in animal models are indicated.
Approval of Credit Lines for Legal Entities at Banco Do Brasil: An Application of the Multicritery Method of Decision Support
Authors: Cardoso Bruno Oliveira Pinto , Cardoso Hugo Saba Pereira , Santos José Vicente Cardoso , Sampaio Renelson Ribeiro
Published: March 2021

The problem of the decision-making process in the granting of bank credit lines at Banco do Brasil is considered and a proposal for the application of the multicriteria method for its decision is listed. With this, the general objective of the research is the description of algorithm and multicriteria mapping in the offer and selection of credit lines for legal entities at Banco do Brasil. To consolidate these objectives, a methodology based on a literature review of bibliographic references is adopted, in the search for information in the bank's own portfolios in a universe suitable for clients in the modality of legal entity in the universe of Banco do Brasil. The singular production of the research is a proposal for a strategy for selecting credit lines as well as offering recommendations for dealing with the topic and the like.
The Frequency of Low HER2 Expression in Breast Cancer and A Comparison of Prognosis Between Patients With HER2-Low and HER2-Negative Breast Cancer By HR Status
Authors: Horisawa Nanae , Adachi Yayoi , Takatsuka Daiki , Nozawa Kazuki , Endo Yuka , Ozaki Yuri , Sugino Kayoko , Kataoka Ayumi , Kotani Haruru , Yoshimura Akiyo , Hattori Masaya , Sawaki Masataka , Iwata Hiroji
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe DESTINY-Breast04 clinical trial is currently investigating whether trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is effective in HER2-low as well as HER2-positive breast cancer. This highlights the interest in treatment strategies for patients with HER2-low breast cancer. The current study was therefore designed to determine the frequency of HER2-low among all breast cancers, and to compare the prognosis of HER2-low patients with that of HER2-negative patients. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the biological data from 4,918 of 4,977 primary breast cancer patients who attended our institute. We quantified the overall frequency of breast cancer patients with a new HER2-low subtype that was defined by an immunohistochemistry score of IHC1+ or IHC2+/ISH-. We then compared the clinical characteristics and prognosis of HER2-low patients with that of patients who did not have HER2 amplification (HER2-0). ResultsLow HER2 expression was found in 3169 (64.4%) patients; 2860 (58.1%) were HR-positive and 309(6.3%) were HR-negative. Among HER2-0 patients, 681(13.9%) were HR-positive and 157(3.2%) were HR-negative. The HER2-0 group tended to have more poor prognostic factors than the HER2-low group, irrespective of HR status. There were no statistically significant differences between the prognosis of HER2-low and HER2-0 patients, regardless of HR status. However, patients in the HER2-low group tended to have better prognosis than those in the HER2-0 group.ConclusionHER2-low patients did not have a significantly different prognosis than HER2-0 patients, regardless of HR status. However, we should consider tailoring therapies for patients with HRE2-low early breast cancer according to their HR status.
A Novel pH and Thermo-Tolerant Halophilic Alpha-amylase From Moderate Halophile Nesterenkonia Sp.Strain F: Gene Analysis, Molecular Cloning, Heterologous Expression and Biochemical Characterization
Authors: Solat Nastarn , shafiei mohammad
Published: March 2021

A novel pH and thermo-tolerate halophilic alpha-amylase from moderately halophilic bacterium, Nesterenkonia sp.strain F was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. 16S rRNA sequence of the strain shared 99.46 % similarities with closely related type species. Also, the genome sequence shared ANI values below 92 % and dDDH values below 52 % with the closely related type species. Consequently, it is proposed that strain F represents a novel species. The AmyF gene was 1390 bp long and encodes an alpha-amylase of 463 amino acid residues with pI of 4.62. The deduced AmyF shared very low sequence similarity (<24%) with functionally characterized recombinant halophilic alpha- amylases. The recombinant alpha-amylase was successfully purified from Ni-NTA columns with a molecular mass of about 52 KDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme was active over a wide range of temperature (25–75 °C) and pH (4–9) with optimum activity at 45 °C and 7.5, respectively. Also, although it was active over a various concentrations of NaCl and KCl (0–4 M), increasing activity of the enzyme was observed with increasing concentration of these salts. Low concentrations of Ca2+ ion had no activating effect, but high concentrations of the ion (40 - 200 mM) enhanced activity of AmyF. The enzyme activity was increased by increasing concentrations of Mg2+, Zn2+, Hg2+ and Fe3+. However, it was inhibited only at very high concentrations of these metal ions. Cu2+ did not decrease the amylase activity and the highest activity was observed at 100 mM of the ion. These properties indicate wide potential applications of this recombinant enzyme in starch processing industries. This is the first isolation, cloning and characterization of a gene encoding alpha-amylase from Nesternkonia genus.
In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of Pectin-based Melatonin Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Yener Serkan , Akbulut Kazime Gonca , Karakuş Resul , Erdoğan Deniz , Acartürk Füsun
Published: March 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a general term including long-term inflammatory disorders of all or some parts of the digestive system. Nanoparticles (NPs) can accumulate in the inflamed zone independently of the polymers’ mucoadhesive character. The aim of this study was to prepare and investigate the melatonin loaded pectin-based nanoparticles for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Melatonin (MEL) was loaded into nanoparticle system with a modified ionotropic-gelation method. In vitro characterization studies of the nanoparticles were carried out. The effectiveness of the oral and intracolonically administered nanoparticles were investigated in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis rats. The indicators of oxidative stress in the colonic tissue like nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, glutathione, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-17 levels were investigated. In addition, the histological evaluation was performed. The mean diameter, zeta potential and polydispersity index values of the obtained nanoparticles were 75.3±3.3 nm, 24.24±1.03 mV and 0.109±0.067, respectively. The in vitro drug release studies showed that 84.0±0.7% of the drug was released from the nanoparticles for 8 h. MEL-loaded pectin nanoparticles ameliorated the TNBS-induced colitis. Treatment of the melatonin decreased the damage score by 73.2% in oral and by 67.1% in intracolonic route, respectively. A meaningful decrease was observed in colonic ﬁbrosis, oxidative stress, and inﬂammatory parameters of the colon accompanying histologic injury. The results of the experiments and histological data showed that MEL-loaded calcium pectinate nanoparticle may be a promising alternative in colonic tissue damage which develops due to oxidative stress in IBD.
A new view on the trend of solar radiation in mainland China - Based on the optimized empirical model
Authors: Feng Zihao , Guo Bin , Xu Han , Zhang Liguo , Xu Jie , Xu Ying
Published: March 2021

As a kind of renewable energy, the development and utilization of solar energy is valued by many countries. To accurately provide a basis for the use of solar energy in mainland China, the optimized empirical model is adopted to analyze the variation trends and spatial patterns in solar radiation (SR) during 1961–2016 based on the data of 31 SR sites and 500 sunshine duration (SD) stations. The results indicate that there are obvious discrepancies in the variation trends of annual SR and SD during 1961–2016, with trend conversion occurring in 1992 (SR) and 1980 (SD), respectively. Overall, annual SR decreases at the rate of -3.68 MJ/m²·a in China. Notably, SR declines at the rate of -16.95 MJ/m²·a during 1961–1989 (“dimming” stage), while it increases at the rate of 5.34 MJ/m²·a for 1990–2016 (“brightening” period). In addition, all seasons show a tendency of dimming first and then brightening except for autumn. Compared with SD, SR is more sensitive to changes in pollution, leading to a marked recovery with the reduction of pollution after the 1990s. This study provides a new perspective for the trend difference between SR and SD after the 1990s.
Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Mediation Analysis.
Authors: Martin Lisa , Saha Sudipta , Linton Linda , Taylor Monica , Zhu Jie , Chavez Sofia , Stanisz Greg , Minkin Salomon , Boyd Norman F
Published: March 2021

Background. Risk of breast cancer in adult life is influenced by body size and height in childhood. The mechanisms responsible for these associations are currently unknown. The present research was carried out to determine if, at age 15-18, measures of dietary intake were associated with body size, hormones and growth factors, and with variations in breast tissue composition that in adult life are strongly associated with risk of breast cancer.Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study in 766 healthy young Caucasian women aged 15-18. Percent breast water (PBW), total breast water and fat were measured by magnetic resonance (MR). Dietary intake at age 15-18 was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We also measured height, weight, skin-fold thicknesses and waist-to-hip ratio, and obtained fasting blood to assay glucose and insulin, and calculated an estimate of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-S). Results. After adjustment for age, measures of body size, and energy intake, dietary fiber (insoluble and total fiber) was associated positively with PBW with the HOMA2-S estimate of insulin sensitivity, and inversely with fasting serum insulin. Insulin sensitivity was also significantly and positively associated with PBW and inversely with total breast fat. The association of dietary fiber with breast tissue composition was no longer statistically significant after adjustment for fasting insulin or insulin sensitivity. Conclusions. These results show an association of dietary fiber with breast tissue measures and suggest that this association may be mediated, at least in part, by insulin or insulin sensitivity. These findings suggest a potential approach to breast cancer prevention in early life.