bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acknowledgment of students with modern agricultural technologies as a means of forming social and public competence in physics lessons
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Chinchoy Alexander
Published: December 2020

The article deals with didactic issues of familiarizing students of a comprehensive school with promising technologies in the agricultural sector and their importance in solving modern socio-economic problems. It is noted that the formation of ideas about modern technologies in the study of general subjects contributes to the professional orientation of students, which provides for informational and pedagogical activities of the family, school, state and commercial organizations that provide assistance to young people in choosing a profession, taking into account the individual interests of each person and the needs of the labor market. The purpose of the article is to show the feasibility of introducing students to modern agricultural technologies for the formation of social and social competence of students in a specialized school and their professional orientation. Familiarization of students with modern agricultural technologies in the process of teaching physics should be carried out in close connection with the study of program material and contribute to its more durable assimilation. This can be realized with the help of a set of training methods: a physical experiment of technical content, solving problems of practical content, study tours, training projects, multimedia applications, etc. Educational material of an applied nature, for the formation of students 'general cultural competence, must meet the requirements: to contribute to a conscious and lasting assimilation of knowledge, to promote students' professional orientation, to correspond to the modern level of development of technologies and equipment, to demonstrate technological re-equipment of the agricultural industry. Taking into account the requirements considered and taking into account the agribusiness strategy of the future, we examined the methodology for forming students' ideas and concepts about innovative technologies that are concentrated in the fields of precision farming, artificial intelligence, automation, robotics, satellite monitoring systems, the use of gadgets in farms and others. Particular attention in the article is given to field trips and research projects, as important means of career guidance and formation of students' horizons. It can be stated that the physics course of a comprehensive school has tremendous potential for the formation of general cultural competence. Familiarization of students with modern agricultural technologies contributes to the readiness of school graduates to work in the conditions of innovative development of the economy, provides targeted orientation to the agricultural professions that are in demand on the labor market.
Methodology of scientific researches: methods of searching and processing of scientific information
Authors:   Ternopil National Economic University, Rebukha Liliia
Published: December 2020

The methodology as the doctrine of the organization of professional activity, which is characterized by a minimum content and maximum coverage of essential connections and relationships, is characterized in the article. The valuable significance of the methodology of scientific researches, which consists in the delineation of the established features, the formation of the structure, the identification of forms, mechanisms and conditions for the implementation of scientific research, is indicated. The effectiveness of scientific research, which largely depends on the timely provision of information about new advances in science and the effective use of this information for scientific and research purposes, is revealed. The typology of division of all sources of information used in the preparation of written works into printed sources of information is revealed and specialized informative-retrieval systems, electronic sources of information is determined. The most important technological procedure in the methodology of scientific research is the collection of sources of information and their systematization. The main task of systematization is to organize and group all the collected material on the content and sequence of its use in the preparation of scientific work. The main functions of the systematic analysis are characterized: implementation of careful check of completeness of selection of literary sources; implementation of verification of compliance of the source data of the used sources. It is revealed that the selection and evaluation of factual material for writing a scientific work is a scientific work that requires purposeful individual effort, personal perseverance and motivated desire. Scientific creativity is manifested in the selection and processing of a significant amount of basic and additional information, its generalization and presentation in a form that is convenient for analysis and writing conclusions. It is concluded that the proposed methodological activity facilitates the methods of scientific research and is necessary throughout the time of writing a scientific paper.
Application of the Parsimony Principle of Exponential Functions to the Production of COVID-19 Immunity, According to Bayesian Theorem and Cybernetics, to Tame Anti-scientific Doxastic Logic and the Pandemic
Authors: Nery Lamothe  , Mara Lamothe  , Daniel Lamothe  , Pedro J. Lamothe
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this work is to provide evidence to the scientific community that there is solid scientific knowledge available to tame the pandemic, which is mainly a behavioral problem that requires cybernetics through behavioral engineering. Scientifically it is clear that the problem of the pandemic originates in human behavior and misinformation. Behavioral problems are addressed by cybernetics through behavioral engineering. Aristotelian causes of the pandemic are aberrant behavior. This is the field of battle and the obsession of the subject is the rise of the neurotransmitter dopamine. The question is not what is the probability that a patient with COVID-19 has a certain symptom or sign? Rather it is to calculate the probability that a patient with a certain sign or symptom has COVID-19. Without grasping the differential equations modeled by Kermack and McKendrick, it is impossible to have an idea of what is happening in the pandemic. Our straightforward theoretical approach is to use the wild unmodified SARS-CoV-2 to produce immunity by the simple expedient of diminishing the amount of the inoculum to the minimum minimorum. The problem with allowing people, deliberately attempting herd immunity, is that it has the dire effect that a high percentage will necessarily die. It is a matter of competence between two exponential functions. On one hand the exponential reproduction of the virus, and on the other hand, the exponential production of antibodies and activation of T cells. The aim is to diminish the amount of the inoculum to the minimum minimorum capable of infecting the minimum susceptible cell subpopulation. In this manner, herd immunity could be reached, which would allow a parsimonical response in the viral exponential growth that would not overwhelm the exponential immune response. It is expected that susceptible subjects could be infected in a variolation modality through the universal use of masks, maximizing the distance, rather than in a noregulated exposure of a putative low-risk segment of the population. In the logic of the decision, we must distinguish a desideratum from what is physically, economically, legally, and politically implementable. It is a matter of policy-making supported by science and law instead of doxastic logic based on misinformation and bigotry. It is a matter of policy enforcement by cybernetics, by behavior engineering, not of a recommendation. The guidelines, if they are to be implemented, depend on the application of cybernetics, and behavioral engineering. The apodictic inference from fallacies, in a doxastic and desiderative logic, is the origin of disinformation.

Keywords: COVID-19 Inoculum; Bayes Theorem; Cybernetics; Variolation; Herd immunity
A comprehensive approach to assessing the level of economic security of Ukrainian banks
Authors: Kopylyuk Oksana , Zhurybida Nataliya
Published: December 2020

Existing methodological approaches to assessing the level of economic security of Ukrainian banks are revealed and the need to improve them is substantiated. The author proposes the method of determining the level of economic security of banks at the micro level. Estimated values of economic security indicators and their assessment in points made it possible to group institutions by the level of economic security and to determine the positioning of banks depending on ownership. Institutions with a high level of economic security include banks, which, according to 8 indicators, have accumulated a total number of 61 to 80 points. A satisfactory level of economic security is characteristic of banks, whose quantitative assessment for a certain amount of indicators ranges from 41 to 60 points. Low levels of economic security are inherent in institutions with an overall score of 21-40. Institutions with a critical level of security include banks with a total score of up to 20 points, whose activities are accompanied by violations of indicator values and destabilizing effects on the banking system. The validation of this methodology was carried out in all solvent banks of Ukraine, which operated in 2015 and 2019. Based on the grouping of institutions by the level of economic security, the threats and dangers that accompanied the activities of banks were identified. The main threats to the economic security of state-owned banks were: the highest share of problem loans in the aggregate loan portfolio, risk of operating activities, reduction of their lending activity. Institutions of foreign banking groups were largely characterized by high, satisfactory, and low levels of economic security. This methodological toolkit is suggested to be used to strengthen the market position and increase the security of the functioning of Ukrainian banks.
The Neoliberal Heritage Affect
Authors: Larsen Peter Bille
Published: December 2020

This article explores the transformation of heritage values from discourse to experience in a new affective economy. The case of Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park in Vietnam serves to demonstrate the intertwined role of affective experience and neoliberal heritage entrepreneurialism. Both are intimately connected through processes of heritage commodification and consumption prompting attention to heritage not only in affective terms alone, but how this relates to the political economy of tourism.
Processus d’adaptation des pratiques martiales chinoises au sport de compétition
Authors: Porchet Pierrick
Published: December 2020

En République populaire de Chine, les autorités ont élaboré dans leur projet politique communiste un discours sur les «pratiques populaires» (minjian fengsu) qui a conduit à leur régulation et à leur uniformisation en des formes politi-quement acceptables. Des éléments labélisés comme «superstition féodale» ou comme «secte» sont proscrits par les institutions d’État, notamment les fédérations sportives nationales (Fédération chinoise de wushu 2016). Ces dernières dessinent ainsi les contours d’une pratique «orthodoxe» montrant leur «volonté de garder un contrôle sur le sens» (Graezer 2003: 291) de ces pratiques.
Process design and equipment selection for optimized steam and power concepts – the “zero” process steam sugar factory
Authors: Morgenroth Boris , Stark Thomas , Pelster Julian , Singh Bola Harjeet
Published: December 2020

Optimization of process steam requirement in order to maximize sugar recovery and export power along with manpower optimization is a must for sugar factories to survive under difficult conditions and to earn additional revenues. The process steam demand of greenfield and revamped plants has been reduced to levels of 32–38% from originally more than 50% steam on cane in the case of the brownfield plants. In addition, significant improvement in the power requirement of the plants has been achieved. Bagasse drying offers a good potential to improve the power export. Different available concepts are compared with a focus on bagasse steam drying and low temperature bagasse drying. In order to set up an optimized highly efficient plant or to optimize an existing plant to achieve competitive benchmarks, good process design and the right equipment selection are very important. Experience has been gained with multiple stage or double effect crystallization in the beet sugar industry offering further steam optimization potential. Vapour recompression is also an option to substitute live steam by electrical power. This even provides options to reduce the steam demand from the power plant for the sugar process down to zero. Key aspects concerning the process design and equipment selection are described.
Особливості самовдосконалення як категорії розвитку особистості учня
Authors: КОВРІГІНА Лілія , ОРЛОВА Ольга
Published: December 2020

/
Формування національної ідентичності в курсантів військових закладів вищої освіти
Authors: ШЕЛЮХ Ольга , ВОВЧАСТА Наталія
Published: December 2020

/
Методичні засади професійної підготовки студентів класу фортепіано у мистецьких закладах вищої освіти
Authors: ЦЮЛЮПА Наталія , ЛЮБЧЕНКО Маргарита
Published: December 2020

/
Трансформація лінгвометодичної підготовки майбутнього вчителя словесника в умовах викликів сьогодення
Authors: ЗЛАТІВ Леся
Published: December 2020

/
Технологія формування у майбутніх студентів-фармацевтів умінь самостійного вивчення фахової медичної літератури
Authors: ТОМАШЕВСЬКА Агнесса , РУСАЛКІНА Людмила
Published: December 2020

/
Підготовка вчителя до формування правових знань молодших школярів у процесі застосування диференційованого підходу
Authors: ПОПАДИЧ Олена
Published: December 2020

/
До проблеми вивчення стану сформованості екологічної компетентності майбутніх учителів природничих дисциплін
Authors: СЯСЬКА Інна
Published: December 2020

/
Toxicités sévères immuno-induites par les inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire : implications pour le réanimateur
Authors: Celier Adam , Allenbach Yves , Anquetil Céline , Andreelli Fabrizio , Bachelot Anne , Bachet Jean-Baptiste , Isnard Bagnis Corinne , Bastin Marie , Bihan Kévin , Brechot Nicolas , Cadranel Jacques , Canellas Anthony , Choquet Sylvain , Ederhy Stéphane , Fenioux Charlotte , Hervier Baptiste , Kerneis Mathieu , Lebrun Vignes Bénédicte , Léonard Louis Sarah , Maisonobe Thierry , S. Nguyen Lee , Psimaras Dimitri , Salem Joe-Elie , Spano Jean-Philippe , Thabut Dominique , Vozy Aurore , Weiss Nicolas
Published: December 2020

Depuis la révolution de l’immunothérapie utilisant les inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire dans la prise en charge de nombreux cancers, les oncologues font face à de nouveaux types de toxicités dites immuno-induites. La compréhension de leurs mécanismes et la mise en place de recommandations claires sont les clés de leur prise en charge. La gravité potentielle de ces toxicités et la très nette amélioration du pronostic apportée par ces traitements pour les patients porteurs de cancers métastatiques rend le rôle du réanimateur primordial. Le but de cette mise au point est d’effectuer une synthèse des toxicités immuno-induites pouvant conduire les patients en cours de traitement par inhibiteur de points de contrôle immunitaireen réanimation et ainsi de proposer des recommandations dans leur prise en charge afin d’aider le réanimateur dans sa démarche diagnostique et thérapeutique.
L’imbrication de toxicités immuno-induites pouvant toucher plusieurs organes de façon concomitante, impose une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire regroupant oncologue, spécialiste d’organes et réanimateur. La mise en place de réunion de concertation pluridisciplinaire dédiée à ce type de toxicités permet ce regroupement, de même que le développement d’une expertise commune au sein d’un centre, la création de protocoles de soins et de recherche dédiés à la compréhension et la prise en charge de ces toxicités, et ce afin d’optimiser la gestion de ces patients.
Możliwość odstąpienia od uzasadnienia decyzji (jego ograniczenia) na mocy Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego i przepisów szczególnych
Authors: Kaczocha Mateusz
Published: December 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie instytucji odstąpienia od uzasadnienia decyzji administracyjnej na gruncie Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego i przepisów pozakodeksowych. Głównym problemem badawczym jest wskazanie, do jakiego typu decyzji instytucja ta będzie miała powszechne zastosowanie, a w jakich przypadkach organy będą zasadniczo sporządzały pełną treść uzasadnienia. Dokonano zatem analizy przepisów Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego i przepisów pozakodeksowych, orzecznictwa sądów i poglądów doktryny dotyczących powyższej instytucji.
Leki weterynaryjne jako produkty lecznicze w rozumieniu ustawy – Prawo farmaceutyczne. Zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Kaczan Damian
Published: December 2020

Zasady prowadzenia badań klinicznych, postępowania w sprawie dopuszczenia do obrotu, wytwarzania, importu, reklamy i obrotu weterynaryjnymi produktami leczniczymi często stanowią drugorzędny przedmiot zainteresowania przedstawicieli doktryny prawa farmaceutycznego. Trudno to krytykować ze względu na priorytetowe znaczenie ochrony życia i zdrowia pacjentów oraz znaczne podobieństwo stosownych unormowań do przepisów regulujących funkcjonowanie rynku leków przeznaczonych dla ludzi. Problematyki owej nie należy jednak pomijać. Medykamenty stosowane w weterynarii mogą zagrażać nie tylko zwierzętom, ale i aplikujących je osobom, konsumentom żywności pochodzenia zwierzęcego oraz środowisku naturalnemu. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie wybranej materii w tym kontekście z uwzględnieniem postulatu zwięzłości tekstu prawnego. Wykorzystano w związku z tym metody: dogmatyczną, aksjologiczną i prawno-porównawczą.
Pozycja procesowa oskarżonego jako osobowego źródła dowodowego w Polsce i Anglii – rozważania prawno-porównawcze
Authors: Kuczyńska Hanna
Published: December 2020

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę pozycji oskarżonego w procesie jako osobowego źródła dowodowego i procesowe konsekwencje tej pozycji, związane z formą depozycji oraz znaczeniem, jakie im się nadaje. Pozycja oskarżonego stanowi jedną głównych różnic między tradycjami prawa anglosaskiego i kontynentalnego. Analizie zostaną poddane te różnice na przykładzie dwóch systemów prawnych: polskiego i angielskiego. W pierwszej kolejności omówiony zostanie zakres prawa do milczenia oskarżonego i jego ograniczenia w prawie angielskim. Następnie, analizie zostanie poddana forma składania przez niego oświadczeń w procesie. W ramach rozważań prowadzonych w artykule znajdzie się też analiza odmienności między formą i procesowymi konsekwencjami przyznania się do winy. Rozważania zostaną podsumowane analizą powiązań pozycji procesowej oskarżonego z innymi elementami postępowania karnego, które w powiązaniu ze sobą wpływają na to, czy jest to pozycja korzystna.
Wierzytelność z tytułu nakładów poczynionych przez małżonków na rzecz osoby trzeciej jako składnik majątku wspólnego
Authors: Waldziński Cezary
Published: December 2020

W artykule analizie poddano przepisy prawne oraz orzecznictwo Sądu Najwyższego dotyczące jednego ze składników majątku wspólnego małżonków, tj. wierzytelności z tytułu nakładów dokonanych przez małżonków na nieruchomość należącą do osoby trzeciej. Do przeprowadzenia powyższej analizy zastosowano prawno-dogmatyczną metodę badań naukowych, która zakłada badanie obowiązujących aktów normatywnych i jest właściwa do przeprowadzenia analizy przepisów prawnych oraz orzecznictwa. W badaniach podjęto próbę oceny stanowiska Sądu Najwyższego w zakresie dotyczącym sposobu podziału tej wierzytelności (roszczenia pieniężnego z tytułu nakładów) przez sąd rozpoznający sprawę, jeśli żaden z małżonków – w toku postępowania o podział majątku wspólnego – nie wyraża zgody na przyznanie mu tej wierzytelności w całości.
EFEKTIFITAS CYBER EXTENSION PADA PENYULUH AGAMA DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Ulin Nihayah Niha
Published: December 2020

Abstrak

Artikel ini menyajikan hasil pelaksanaan cyber extension yang dilaksanakan oleh penyuluh agama Kota Semarang, serta efektifitas dari pelaksanaannya. Cyber extension merupakan inovasi sistem informasi dan teknologi informasi dengan berbasis cyber sebagai media dalam rangka penyuluhan untuk memudahkan kinerja penyuluh. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas dari pelaksanaan cyber extension penyuluh Agama Kota Semarang, terkait dengan peluang dan tantangan dalam pelaksanaan cyber extension yang dilakukan. Metode yang dilakukan penulis adalah dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif eksploratif dalam mengetahui sebab akibat dalam pelaksanaan cyber extension pada penyuluh agama kota Semarang. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan penyuluh agama sudah menerapkan konsep manajemen dengan menerapkan POAC dalam aktifitas pelaksanaan penyuluhan yang dilakukan, sehingga terdapat efektifitas dalam kinerjanya sebagai seorang penyuluh. Akan tetapi, pelaksanaan cyber extension dalam kinerjanya belum sepenuhnya diimplementasikan. Hal ini dikarenakan beberapa faktor diantaranya kurang adanya ada optimalisasi dari website kementerian Agama Kota, sumber daya pengelola yang belum optimal, pengembangan inovasi yang belum dilaksanakan dalam proses penyuluhan oleh penyuluh di tingkat kota Semarang.

Kata Kunci: cyber extension, penyuluh agama, penyuluhan.

 

Abstract

This article presents the implementation results of cyber extension carried out by religious counselor in Semarang City, as well as the effectiveness of its implementation. Cyber extension is an innovation in information systems and information technology based on cyber as a media for counseling to facilitate religious counselor performance. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cyber extension implementation for religious counselor officers in Semarang City, related to the opportunities and challenges in the implementation of cyber extension. The method uses an exploratory qualitative research for knowing the cause and effect of cyber extension implementation to religious counselor officers in the Semarang City. The results of this study indicate that religious counselor officers have implemented the management concept by implementing POAC in their counseling activities, so there is effectiveness in their performance as a counselor agent. However, the cyber extension implementation in its performance has not been fully implemented. This is due to several factors including the lack of optimization from the Ministry of Religion of the City website, inadequate management resources, the innovations development that have not been implemented in the counseling process by counselor agents at the city level of Semarang.

Keywords: cyber extension, religious counselor, counseling
Expression of PD-L1 for Predicting Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang J. , Teng Xiaodong
Published: December 2020

Background: We conducted this meta-analysis and systematic literature review to study the ability of PD-L1 to predict objective response in patients with urothelial cancer treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Methods: Relevant studies of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in urothelial cancer that reported objective response rate (orr) based on PD-L1 expression status in PubMed, embase, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved. Efficacy of PD-L1 expression status in predicting orr and the efficacy, safety of PD-1 and PD-L1 drugs were analyzed. Results: Studies were divided into ≥1%, ≥5%, and ≥25% based on PD-L1 positivity threshold, and the patients were grouped into PD-L1 positive and negative. In all 3 expression thresholds, patients with positive PD-L1 expression were more likely to experience an objective response [≥1% threshold odds ratio (or): 1.74; 95% confidence interval (ci): 1.20 to 2.53; ≥5% threshold or: 2.74; 95% ci: 2.01 to 3.724; ≥25% threshold or: 7.13; 95% ci: 2.38 to 21.40] in comparison with patients with negative PD-L1 expression. Of the 3 thresholds, the ≥25% threshold was better in predicting orr (1.74 vs. 2.93 vs. 7.13; p < 0.0001). The ≥1% PD-L1 threshold had a relatively high sensitivity in predicting orr; the ≥5% PD-L1 threshold was better for specificity. Sensitivity was higher at the ≥25% threshold than at the other two thresholds, but specificity was lower. Further, we found that there is no statistically significant difference in efficacy between PD-1 and PD-L1 drugs. Conclusions: Urothelial cancer patients with PD-L1 positive expression responded better than PD-L1 negative patients did, and a threshold of ≥5% or greater for PD-L1 expression might predict positive clinical response.
First-Line Therapy, Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation, and Post-Transplantation Maintenance in the Management of Newly Diagnosed Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Bhella S. , Varela Norma , Aw A. , Bredeson C. , Cheung M. , Crump M. , Fraser G. , Sajkowski S. , Kouroukis T.
Published: December 2020

Background: In Ontario, no clearly defined standard of care for the management of mantle cell lymphoma (mcl) has been developed, and substantial variability from centre to centre is evident. This guidance document was prompted by the need to harmonize practice in Ontario with respect to first-line, conditioning, and post-transplantation maintenance therapy for patients newly diagnosed with transplantation-eligible mcl. Methods: The medline and embase databases were systematically searched from January 2013 to January 2020 for evidence, and the best available evidence was used to draft recommendations relevant to first-line therapy, autologous stem-cell transplantation, and post-transplantation maintenance in the management of transplantation-eligible newly diagnosed mcl. Final approval of this guidance document was obtained from the Stem Cell Transplant Advisory Committee. Recommendations: These recommendations apply to all cases of transplantation-eligible newly diagnosed mcl: (1) Alternating cycles of r-chop (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide–doxorubicin–vincristine–prednisolone) and r-dhap [rituximab plus dexamethasone–high-dose cytarabine–cisplatin] is the recommended first-line treatment for symptomatic patients newly diagnosed with mcl before autologous stem-cell transplantation (asct). (2) Rituximab plus hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide–vincristine–doxorubicin–dexamethasone (r–hypercvad), alternating with methotrexate and cytarabine, is not recommended for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed mcl. (3) beam (carmustine–etoposide–cytarabine–melphalan), beac (carmustine–etoposide–cytarabine–cyclophosphamide), and total-body irradiation–based regimens are reasonable conditioning options for patients with mcl who have responded to first-line therapy and who are undergoing asct. (4) Maintenance therapy with rituximab is recommended for patients with newly diagnosed mcl who have undergone asct.
Consensus Recommendations for Optimizing Biomarker Testing to Identify and Treat Advanced EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Cheema P.K. , Gomes M. , Banerji S. , Joubert P. , Leighl N.B. , Melosky B. , Sheffield B.S. , Stockley T. , Ionescu D.N.
Published: December 2020

The advent of personalized therapy for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (nsclc) has improved patient outcomes. Selection of appropriate targeted therapy for patients with nsclc now involves testing for multiple biomarkers, including EGFR. EGFR mutation status is required to optimally treat patients with nsclc, and thus timely and accurate biomarker testing is necessary. However, in Canada, there are currently no standardized processes or methods in place to ensure consistent testing implementation. That lack creates challenges in ensuring that all appropriate biomarkers are tested for each patient and that the medical oncologist receives the results for making informed treatment decisions in a timely way.An expert multidisciplinary working group was convened to create consensus recommendations about biomarker testing in advanced NSCLC in Canada, with a primary focus on EGFR testing. Recognizing that there are biomarkers beyond EGFR that require timely identification, the expert multidisciplinary working group considered EGFR testing in the broader context of integration into complex lung biomarker testing. Primarily, the panel of experts recommends that all patients with nonsquamous NSCLC, regardless of stage, should undergo comprehensive reflex biomarker testing at diagnosis with targeted next-generation sequencing. The panel also considered the EGFR testing algorithm and the challenges associated with the pre-analytic, analytic, and post-analytic elements of testing. Strategies for funding testing by reducing silos of single biomarker testing for EGFR and for optimally implementing the recommendations presented here and educating oncology professionals about them are also discussed.
Initiatives of built environment education and the popularisation of architecture in Poland
Authors: Martyka Anna
Published: December 2020

Whilst Poland has remarkably valuable experience in promoting the idea of built
environment education (BEE), there is an unfortunate and sizable deficiency
with regard to the national coordination of architectural policy. The objective of
this research was to investigate the extent to which these valuable educational
activities influence social interest in architecture and whether they could have
an impact upon students’ choice of university major. To this end, a survey of 215
current students of architecture in Poland was performed. The research outcome
was very interesting. Inter alia, it revealed the fact that despite the substantive
quality of several educational initiatives, their range was unfortunately very
limited. The majority of interviewed architecture students stated that they did not
know of any all-Polish architectural education programme and that during their
obligatory education, they had not participated in any architectural workshops.
Peranan Sektor Lapangan Usaha Dalam Meningkatkan PDRB Atas Dasar Harga Konstan di Provinsi Dki Jakarta Periode Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Koerniawan Rina Nurlaeli Rachmawati
Published: December 2020

Tingkat ekonomi Provinsi DKI Jakarta sebagai acuan perkembangan ekonomi di berbagai wilayah Indonesia. Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) suatu daerah dapat dilihat dari lapangan usaha yang ada didaerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkat PDRB di Provinsi DKI Jakarta pada sektor lapangan usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga sektor lapangan usaha yang berkontribusi besar diantaranya, sektor perdagangan besar dan eceran dan sektor resparasi mobil dan sepeda motor, sebesar 291,555,224.84 juta rupiah (15,94 %). Sektor konstruksi sebesar 219,737,366.38 juta rupiah (12,66 %) dan sektor industri pengolahan menyumbang sebesar 217,046,499.37 juta rupiah (12,49 %). Daerah yang termasuk diantaranya, Jakarta Pusat sekitar 452,820,385.00 juta rupiah (24,43 %), Jakarta Selatan sekitar 394,620,056.42 juta rupiah (22,68 %) dan Jakarta Utara sekitar 333,659,786.51 juta rupiah (18,36 %). Daerah Kepulauan Seribu memberikan kontribusi terkecil sekitar 4,034,692.00 juta rupiah (0,23 %).
PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS
Authors: Отбоева Р.Р.
Published: December 2020

Введение: настоящая статья посвящена исследованию основ предупреждения жестокого обращения с животными.
Материалы и методы: материалом исследования послужило зарубежное и отечественное законодательство в сфере уголовно-правовой охраны общественных отношений по защите животных от жестокого обращения. В ходе работы применялись общенаучные, частнонаучные и системные методы познания: статистический метод, формально-юридический и сравнительно-правовой методы, а также методы моделирования, сравнительно-правовой, системно-структурный, контент-анализ российских и зарубежных нормативных актов, что позволило обобщить собранные сведения и сформулировать предложения и выводы по теме исследования.
Результаты исследования: автор вносит предложение в уголовное законодательство Российской Федерации в целях его оптимизации, а также исследует общие тенденции, характеристики и особенности жестокого обращения с животными, в том числе вопросы его уголовно-правового предупреждения.
Обсуждение и заключения: автором на основе актуального российского и зарубежного законодательства, а также практики реализации мер предупреждения жестокого обращения с животными предложены меры по совершенствованию российского законодательства.
MODERN SOCIO-TYPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS wHO HAVE COMMITTED A CRIME
Authors: Сидорова Е.З.
Published: December 2020

Введение: статья посвящена исследованию социально-типологических признаков личности обучающихся-делинквентов.
Материалы и методы: анализируются научная юридическая литература и данные официальной статистики, представленные Министерством внутренних дел России, Судебным департаментом при Верховном Суде Российской Федерации, Генеральной прокуратурой России.
Результаты исследования: статья посвящена анализу отдельных социально-типологических признаков личности обучающихся, совершивших преступление, анализируются пол и возраст обучающихся-правонарушителей. Кроме этого, осуществлен анализ личности рассматриваемой категории преступников в зависимости от уровня образования.
Обсуждение и заключения: основываясь на анализе данных официальной статистики, автор составляет современный социально-типологический портрет обучающегося-делинквента. Проведение дальнейших исследований, посвященных анализу иных характеристик личности обучающихся-правонарушителей, позволит, по мнению автора, сформировать общие и специальные рекомендации по борьбе с преступлениями, совершаемыми школьниками и студентами, а значит, позволит повлиять на уровень криминологической защищенности системы образования в целом.
CRIMINOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CRIMINAL'S PERSONALITY: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE
Authors: Шалагин А.Е. , Хрусталева О.Н.
Published: December 2020

Введение: статья посвящена криминологическим и психологическим характеристикам личности преступника. Особое внимание обращается на процесс формирования личности преступника, а также на его структуру, типологии и классификации. Проанализированы детерминанты преступного поведения. Материалы и методы: при подготовке исследования были использованы современные труды по криминологии, психологии, девиантологии, аддиктологии, социологии, уголовному праву, посвященные личности преступника и ее особенностям, а также произведения русской классической литературы. Применялись как общенаучные, так и специальные методы познания: анализ литературы по проблеме ис- следования, классификация, обобщение теоретических знаний и практического опыта преподавателей. Результаты исследования: рассмотрены различные подходы современных ученых к типологии и классификации личности преступника в юридических науках (криминологии, криминалистике и др.), а также различные модели этой личности, представленные в ряде смежных наук (психологии, социоло-
гии, культурологии и др.).
Обсуждения и заключения: представленные подходы к типологии и классификации личности преступника предложено рассматривать не только в качестве теоретического материала в виктимологическом аспекте, прогнозировании в криминологии, профилактике преступлений – представлены дидактические возможности использования данных теорий в практико-ориентированном обучении курсантов и слушателей образовательных организаций системы МВД России.
Analisis PermenKP No. 12/2020 Terkait Kebijakan Ekspor Benih Lobster berdasarkan Prinsip Pembangunan Berkelanjutan pada New Normal
Authors: Dina Khairunnisa Bella , Hasanah Hamnah
Published: December 2020

Abstrak Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia No. 12 Tahun 2020 tentang Pengelolaan Lobster (Panulirus spp.), Kepiting (Scylla spp.), dan Rajungan (Portunus spp.) di Wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia (PermenKP No. 12/2020) membolehkan ekspor benih lobster dari wilayah Indonesia yang sebelumnya dilarang. Alih-alih menambah kesejahteraan nelayan dengan peningkatan ekonomi dan devisa negara, hal ini justru bertentangan dengan perlindungan benih lobster sebagai plasma nutfah yang harus dijaga ciri khasnya secara turun temurun agar tidak hilang dari perairan Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini akan menganalisis dasar kebijakan PermenKP No. 12/2020 dalam hubungannya dengan keberlanjutan ketersediaan sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan hingga implementasinya pada tatanan Normal Baru (New Normal) saat ini. Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa pemberlakuan PermenKP No. 12/2020 yang mengizinkan ekspor benih lobster, menandakan Pemerintah telah gagal memenuhi prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan pada sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan.Kata Kunci: PermenKP No. 12/2020, Ekspor Benih Lobster, Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan, Pembangunan BerkelanjutanAbstract Minister of Marine and Fisheries Regulation No. 12 of 2020 on Lobster (Panulirus spp.), Mud Crab (Scylla spp.) and Swimming Crab (Portunus spp.) Management in the Territory of the Republic of Indonesia (PermenKP No. 12/2020) allows the export of lobster seeds from Indonesian territory which was banned previously. Instead of increasing fishermen’s welfare by raising the country’s economy and foreign exchange, this policy contradicts the protection of lobster seeds as germplasm which hereditary characteristics must be preserved in order to protect its sustainability in the Indonesian waters. Therefore, this paper will analyze the rationale of PermenKP No. 12/2020 in its connection with the sustainability of marine and fisheries resources, and its implementation in the current New Normal order. This article concludes that the enactment of PermenKP No. 12/2020 which allows the export of lobster seeds signifies the Government has failed to fulfill the sustainable development principle in marine and fisheries resources.Keywords: PermenKP No. 12/2020, Lobster Seed Export, Marine and Fisheries Resources, Sustainable Development
Akibat Kepailitan pada Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan yang Berorientasi Pemulihan oleh Pemerintah dan/atau Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Hawari Azam , Daniel Deni
Published: December 2020

AbstrakKepailitan bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan harta debitur guna membayar kepada kreditur-krediturnya. Konsekuensinya, kepailitan menuntun pada eksekusi riil dari instrumen penegakan lingkungan hidup terhadap korporasi--khususnya terhadap harta korporasi—melalui instrumen pidana, perdata, maupun administrasi. Hal ini akan berpengaruh pada pemenuhan pemulihan sebagai sanksi dari penegakan hukum. Lebih jauh lagi, kepailitan menyebabkan pembatasan tagihan dan pengurusan korporasi, sehingga menghambat eksekusi dari instrumen penegakan ini. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini akan mengeksplorasi hubungan negara dan korporasi yang jatuh pailit dalam berbagai skenario instrumen penegakan dan eksekusi instrumen penegakan. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa kepailitan membawa implikasi yang beragam pada eksekusi masing-masing instrumen penegakan yang mana perlu dipertimbangkan dalam penegakan hukum lingkungan yang berorientasi pemulihan.Kata kunci: kepailitan, penegakan hukum lingkungan, korporasiAbstractBankruptcy aims to optimize the debtor's assets in order to pay its creditors. Consequently, bankruptcy leads to the execution of environmental law enforcement instruments on corporations - especially towards corporate assets - via criminal, civil, and administrative instruments. Moreover, this will affect the fulfillment of environmental restoration as the sanction of law enforcement. Furthermore, bankruptcy makes restrictions against bills and corporate management, thus hampering execution of the law enforcement. Therefore, this paper will explore the relationship between a state and a bankrupt corporation in various scenarios of law enforcement. This paper finds that bankruptcy has various consequences on the execution of each law enforcement instrument, which needs to be considered in restorative-oriented-environmental law enforcement.Keywords: bankruptcy, environmental law enforcement, corporation
Institutional Environment for Entrepreneurship in Russia
Authors: Petrovskaya Irina , Titov Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The paper examines the current state of Russia’s entrepreneurial institutional environment built on W.R. Scott’s concept of a three-dimentinal institutional environment (regulatory, normative, and cognitive). The study aims to evaluate the perception of these three dimensions by three groups of respondents: entrepreneurs, non-entrepreneurs and those with entrepreneurial intentions, including the assessment of value profiles of these groups using Schwartz’s value inventory. The results of the study support the assumption that the three groups of respondents have different perceptions of institutional environment, and also suggest that value priorities differ depending on individuals’ entrepreneurial activity or intentions. Specifically, for current or former entrepreneurs self-sufficiency is of much higher value than security.
Estimate of Some Transaction Costs for Small Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Podshivalova Mariya , Podshivalov Dmitriy
Published: December 2020

The article attempts to evaluate certain types of transaction costs for small businesses. In particular, it considers the costs of access to the law, tax burden, administrative burden, costs of illegality, specification and property rights protection, the costs of information search, costs of opportunistic behavior of employees. The author evaluates the impact of forthcoming institutional changes on transaction costs for small industrial enterprises in the context of such key "chronic problems" for this type of enterprises as low output demand, lack of investment, administrative barriers, underdeveloped transport and energy infrastructure. The article concludes that alongside positive changes, certain chronic problems and associated transaction costs remain outside the reform wave. It refers to such types of transaction costs as the costs of interaction (ex ante): cooperation with large enterprises, new markets entry and new products development (information retrieval related to the study of markets and potential consumers), patent search, excessive burden of small industrial enterprises applying standard tax system, the costs of finding investors, the costs to meet creditors requirements.
Sustainable Development Ideas: an “Apple of Discord" or a Platform for Unification?
Authors: Mingaleva Zhanna
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the main foreign approaches to the interpretation of the “sustainable development” definition, the directions for the formation of various concepts, programs, political attitudes based on the definition and ideas of sustainable development, identifies shortcomings of the most common approaches and concepts. An overview of the main approaches and theories of sustainable development is compiled, their classification is proposed, a spatial model of the conceptual areas of the concept of “sustainable development” and spheres of its application is presented. The study concluded that the alternative approaches to understanding the role of the environment in the existence of mankind, to the assessment of both the impact of industrial and agricultural production and the results of people’s livelihoods (especially in the context of a sharp increase of urbanization rate) on the global environmental situation, have led to the formation of various concepts of sustainable development that form the basis of national strategies and programs of sustainable development. As a result, the ideas, and the very concept of sustainable development, are increasingly becoming a field of disagreements and contradictions between states and individual regions of the world, rather than a common platform for combining efforts to solve global problems of mankind.
Determinants of the Correlation between Corruption and Competition: a Review of Empirical Studies
Authors: Meleshkina Anna
Published: December 2020

Anti-corruption and competition policies intersect at certain regulators and at the goalsetting. Under different conditions effects of codirectional interaction and contrariety can occur. In this connection it is necessary to determine the factors of anti-corruption tools and antitrust policies interinfluence. This article focuses on generalization of available foreign studies, where relationship between indicators of corruption and competition are analyzed. The main objective of the study is to identify factors that influence the correlation between the levels of competition and corruption. In addition, the paper deals with the problem of choosing indicators of corruption and competition for targeting and selecting a set of competition and anti-corruption measures. Study findings can be used as guidelines for the competition authority and other regulators, whose activities are aimed at reducing the level of corruption.
ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ ГИДРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ ПРИ
СИЛЬНЫХ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЯХ И ВОПРОСЫ ИХ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors:   К.Д. Салямова, М.А. Ахмедов, З.М. Мирзаева
Published: December 2020

Дан анализ и приведены последствия повреждений плотин
гидротехнических сооружений при сейсмических воздействиях. Рекомендовано в целях
снижения риска разрушения, в том числе сейсмического, на выявленных поврежденных
местах плотин провести соответствующие мероприятия усиления и провести
восстановительные работы.
Detection of cryptic diversity in lizards (Squamata) from two Biosphere Reserves in Mesoamerica
Authors: Castiglia Riccardo , Flores-Villela Oscar Alberto , Bezerra Alexandra M. R. , Gornung Ekaterina , Annesi Flavia , Muñoz-Alonso Luis Antonio , Solano Emanuela
Published: December 2020

A combined approach based on karyology and DNA taxonomy allowed us to characterize the taxonomic peculiarities in 10 Mesoamerican lizard species, belonging to six genera and five families, inhabiting two Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico: La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve, and Montes Azules Biosphere. The karyotypes of four species,Phyllodactylussp. 3 (P. tuberculosusspecies group) (2n = 38),Holcosus festivus(Lichtenstein et von Martens, 1856) (2n = 50),Anolis lemurinusCope, 1861 (2n = 40), andA. uniformisCope, 1885 (2n = 29–30) are described for the first time, the last one showing a particular X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y condition. InAspidoscelis deppii(Wiegmann, 1834) (2n = 50) andAnolis capitoPeters, 1863 (2n = 42), we found a different karyotype from the ones previously reported for these species. Moreover, inA. capito, the cytogenetic observation is concurrent with a considerable genetic divergence (9%) at the studied mtDNA marker (MT-ND2), which is indicative of a putative new cryptic species. The skinkScincella cherriei(Cope, 1893), showed high values of genetic divergence (5.2% at 16S gene) between the specimens from Montes Azules and those from Costa Rica and Nicaragua, comparable to the values typical of sister species in skinks. A lower level of genetic divergence, compatible with an intraspecific phylogeographic structure, has been identified inLepidophyma flavimaculatumDuméril, 1851. These new data identify taxa that urgently require more in-depth taxonomic studies especially in these areas where habitat alteration is proceeding at an alarming rate.
Phialolunulospora vermispora (Chaetosphaeriaceae, Sordariomycetes), a novel asexual genus and species from freshwater in southern China
Authors: Zheng Hua , Wan Yake , Li Jie , Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F. , Yu Zefen
Published: December 2020

The asexual taxon Phialolunulospora vermisporagen. et sp. nov., collected from submerged dicotyledonous leaves in Hainan, China, is described and illustrated herein. Phialolunulosporagen. nov. is characterized by macronematous, semimacronematous, septate and pigmented conidiophores and acrogenous, long lunate, vermiform to sigmoid, hyaline conidia with an eccentric basal appendage. Complete sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial sequences of nuclear large subunits ribosomal DNA (LSU) genes are provided. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS and LSU sequences revealed its placement in the Chaetosphaeriaceae. The new fungus is compared with morphologically similar genera.