bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the effectiveness of patient education and the feasibility of health technology (eHealth interventions) in improving sleep quality and blood pressure secondary to greater adherence to continuous positive airway pressure ventilation in persons with obstructive sleep apnoea: A literature review (Preprint)
Authors: El Arab Rabie
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Obstructive sleep apnoea is a highly burdensome condition that predominantly affects adults and not only impairs daily functioning but also confers a heightened risk of adverse cardiovascular health, particularly among those who are poorly compliant with continuous positive airway pressure ventilation therapy. In the growing era of high population demand and rising complexity, greater efforts are needed at the individual level if outcomes are to improve in the future. Therefore, this literature review sought to explore the effect of patient education upon sleep quality and blood pressure as secondary effects of CPAP adherence in adults. A search for relevant literature was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane library. Articles were restricted to peer-review, English language and publication in the last 10 years. Articles were appraised using CASP, relevant data was extracted using systematic proformas and the outcomes were analysed using descriptive analysis and narrative synthesis. Nine studies were included in the first analysis where there was a highly significant association between education provision and CPAP adherence (MD=1.19 hours/night, Z=3.67, p=0.0002), than compared to usual care. The second analysis was informed from five studies and this showed a positive association between education and sleep quality, but the effect was marginally insignificant (MD=0.54, Z=1.89, p=0.06), than compared to usual care. Both analyses were not affected by inter-study heterogeneity (both p<0.01). Overall, this review showed that the provision of education with moderate to high intensity provides meaningful effects upon CPAP adherence and sleep quality. Narrative findings also revealed improvements in blood pressure and other health outcomes, which are supported by previous studies. Despite some limitations, care providers should be proactivity in education provision using a continuous approach through the disease course as this is likely to lead to improvements in outcomes. Finally, future research is needed in the form of a high-quality randomised trial to help explore the effects of education delivered through eHealth mediums.
Kiai dan Politik Elektoral: Peran Kiai Yusuf Chudlori dalam Pemenangan Kandidat Jokowi-Ma’ruf Amin pada Pilpres 2019 di Kecamatan Tegalrejo
Authors: Amalia Aziz Rizky
Published: April 2021

Peran kiai dalam pemenangan kandidat pemilu menjadi efektif karena ia berperan di dua level, yaitu sebagai konsolidator kekuatan politik di level elit dan sebagai mobilisator suara pemilih di level grassroot. Tulisan ini membahas peran Kiai Yusuf Chudlori sebagai konsolidator jaringan kiai dan mobilisator suara pemilih dalam pemenangan kandidat Jokowi-Ma’ruf pada pilpres 2019 di Kecamatan Tegalrejo. Metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus digunakan untuk mengkaji permasalahan ini. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatoris, dan dokumentasi. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa Gus Yusuf berhasil mengonsolidasikan jaringan kiai secara gradual sehingga terbentuk kekuatan politik yang stabil. Jaringan kiai ini berfungsi untuk menjangkau massa jamaah secara luas. Di sisi lain, sebagai kiai yang paling berpengaruh secara elektoral di Tegalrejo, Gus Yusuf berperan efektif sebagai mobilisator suara pemilih karena banyaknya pengajian sebagai sarana mobilisasi, kuatnya pengaruh Gus Yusuf dalam kehidupan masyarakat, serta penggunaan metode-metode mobilisasi yang menarik. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemenangan kandidat Jokowi-Ma’ruf di Tegalrejo menjadi efektif karena Gus Yusuf berperan kolaboratif sebagai konsolidator yang bergerak di level elit dan mobilisator yang bergerak di level akar rumput.
Usaha KPU Mempertahankan Prinsip Transparansi pada Proses Pencalonan melalui Sistem Informasi Pencalonan (SILON)
Authors: Femiliona Ferdana
Published: April 2021

Transparansi merupakan salah satu prinsip yang wajib dipenuhi oleh KPU dalam menyelenggarakan pemilu yang berintegritas. Hal ini juga wajib dipenuhi pada proses pencalonan karena merupakan dasar informasi bagi pemilih untuk menentukan pilihannya pada hari pemungutan suara. Untuk melakukan hal tersebut, KPU menggunakan teknologi informasi melalui sistem informasi pencalonan atau silon yang mampu menampilkan data dan dokumen pencalonan secara online kepada pemiih. Tulisan ini membahas tentang penggunaan silon dalam usaha memenuhi transparansi informasi pencalonan kandidat kepada pemilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa silon belum mampu memenuhi usaha KPU dalam transparansi informasi. Banyak faktor seperti infrastruktur sistem belum memadahi, peserta pemilu yang enggan melengkapi data dan dokumen di silon, payung hukum yang belum jelas, dan pasifnya KPU sebagai penyelenggara untuk sosialisasi tentang silon kepada pemilih yang membuat masyarakat bahkan tidak tahu keberadaan silon. Hal ini menunjukkan belum adanya akuntabilitas dan kepatuhan hukum dalam prinsip transparansi informasi pencalonan menggunakan silon sehingga gagal dalam memperkuat integritas pemilu.
Reasons for Students’ Absenteeism from Lectures in Selected Tertiary Institutions in Delta and Edo States of Nigeria: The Students’ Views
Authors: Amukahara Joy Egede Bernadette , Bivwiere Asabor Mary
Published: April 2021

Students’ absenteeism from lectures in tertiary institutions is a universal phenomenon which apparently transcends beyond countries, institutions and course disciplines. This study explored the views of 156 students from Colleges of Education, Polytechnic and Universities from Delta and Edo States on the reasons for their absenteeism from lectures. A survey research design and a 20-item Likert questionnaire were used to collect data. Data was analyzed using SPSS-23 computer package. The results showed the following, as strong reasons for absenteeism from lectures.Poor students’ personal dispositions (e.g., laziness/lack of self-motivation to study, X = 3.13: emotional trauma, X = 3.13).Societal problems (e.g. dependence on examination mal-practice and bribery for success in examinations, X = 3.12). Health Issues (e.g., Sickness/weakness, X = 3.09).Lecturer-factors (e.g., boring teaching methods X = 3.04).Peer pressure, (e.g., distracting peer influences X = 3.03).Poverty related factors (e.g., hunger and lack of food X = 2.80).v  Environmental factors (e.g., availability of the course materials in the library/internet sources X = 2.64).The results further suggested that gender and age-range of students had no influence on their views. Recommendations are based on comprehensive ideas that are humanistic, technical and employ digital technology.
Рец.: Yu. Ishihama, M. Tachibana, R. Kobayashi, T. Inoue. The Resurgence of «Buddhist Government»: Tibetan-Mongolian Relations in the Modern World. Osaka: Union Press, 2019, 242 + xiv pp.
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Sciences of the RAS (12, Rozhdestvenka St., Moscow 108031, Russian Federation), Kuzmin Sergius L.
Published: April 2021

В последние годы наблюдается рост тибетологических исследований. В Японии такие исследования ведутся уже давно. Их результаты были опубликованы в основном на японском языке. В связи с этим появление обобщающей книги на английском представляет особый интерес. Данная монография посвящена анализу ряда вопросов международных отношений Тибета, Монголии, империи Цин, России, США и Японии. Книга содержит благодарности, заметки по транслитерации тибетских и китайских слов, списки иллюстраций и таблиц, данные об авторах, введение, девять глав, глоссарий, библиографию, индекс и приложения. Во «Введении» (автор — Ю. Исихама) дан краткий обзор становления школы тибетского буддизма Гэлуг и ее влияния на монголов. Отмечается, что в XVI в. эта школа быстро распространилась по восточному Тибету и среди халха-монголов, а в XVII в. — также среди маньчжуров; в источниках относительно тибетских, монгольских и маньчжурских аристократов часто используется термин «буддийское правительство», или «буддийское правление» (англ. Buddhist government). Так автор переводит тибетское сочетание чойсид, соответствующие ему монгольское төр шашин и маньчжурское доро шажин. По смыслу и контексту это верно. Но точный перевод с тибетского означает лишь «религиозное (дхармическое), мирское (политическое)», а точный перевод с монгольского — «религия (Дхарма), государство (власть)». Теократическое правление в Тибете обозначалось как чой сид ньи дан Chos srid gnyis ldan («[владеющий] религиозным (дхармическим) и мирским»), в Монголии — шашин төрийг хослон баригч («держащий вместе религию (Дхарму) и государство (власть)»).
Исторические аспекты административно-территориального устройства Калмыкии в контексте взаимоотношений с Астраханской областью по вопросу реабилитации калмыцкого народа
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista, 358000, Russian Federation), Gunaev Evgeniy A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The paper explores historical aspects of Kalmykia’s administrative and territorial structure with due regard of its relations to Astrakhan Oblast in the context of the Kalmyk people’s territorial rehabilitation initiated in the early 1990s. Materials and Methods. The work employs the historical descriptive and comparative research methods. It focuses on one archival document — the opinion letter of September 20–23, 1991 by Yu. Oglaev, Cand.Sc. (history) and Associate Professor at Kalmyk State University, dealing with ‘Working Papers on Territorial Rehabilitation of the Kalmyk People’ issued by the Commission of Astrakhan Oblast Soviet of People’s Deputies. Results. The article examines arguments of Astrakhan Oblast authorities aimed at undermining attempts of Kalmykia’s government to raise the question of territorial rehabilitation. Specifically, it gives some data on territorial transformations of ‘enclave’ settlements in Kalmykia before December 1943 and after the 1957 restoration of the ethnic autonomy. Conclusions. The historical aspect of territorial disputes between the two Lower Volga regions after 1957 basically rests on that Astrakhan Oblast government refused to recognize the proclaimed (reclaimed) borders (some part) of Kalmykia as of 1957. The idea of returning two districts integral to the Kalmyk ASSR as of 1943 back to the republic was articulated by Kalmykia’s executives in the Government of the RSFSR after 1957, and the era of perestroika attached somewhat sociopolitical features to the issue — only to eventually end in nothing. However, the history of territorial transformations of settlements in the border areas of Kalmykia and Astrakhan Oblast do require further scientific insights, as well as the use of distant pastures by neighboring regions — special emphasis thereto be laid on economic, environmental and land-related consequences experienced by the republic.
Resistivity and induced polarization to support morphological modeling in limestone mining
Authors: Carlos Martins Antonio , Elis Vagner , De Tomi Giorgio , Bettencourt Jorge , Marin Tatiane
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the results of the application of geophysical surveys to update the morphological model of a limestone and gneiss deposit of a mining company near the city of Taubaté, Brazil. The research began with a test to verify the accuracy of the geophysical survey method and it was conducted in the same area as a previous drilling campaign with the aim of confirming the possibility of using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and induced polarization (IP) methods, in order to obtain the required information for the deposit morphological modeling. As a result, the application of geophysical methods in the study area reduced up to 75% the data collection time and presented similar accuracy levels as conventional exploration methods used for the same research objectives.
Estimation of source, path and site effects at MASE array stations: a comprehensive study
Authors: Ortiz-Alemán Carlos , Reyes-Olvera Maricarmen , Iglesias-Mendoza Arturo , Orozco-Del-Castillo Mauricio Gabriel , Hernández-Gómez Jorge
Published: April 2021

A parameterized source and path effects inversion method based on the use of global optimization techniques is presented. We applied this method on velocity data from various seismic events collected between August, 2005 and April, 2007 in Mexico by the regional MesoAmerican Subduction Experiment (MASE) seismic network and other stations from the permanent Mexican Seismological Survey Network (SSN). The source, path and site parameters corresponding to the S wave amplitude spectra of 219 velocity seismic records (162 from MASE and 57 from SSN) were estimated by means of a generalized inversion approach. The simultaneously inverted parameters from the records of 55 stations shows a significant agreement between the observed and calculated spectra, which supports their realiability. Nakamura’s method was used to compute an initial guess for the generalized inversion. Comparisons between Nakamura’s technique and parameterized source and path effects inversion by using simulated annealing method were also established. Finally, a frecuency dependent attenuation relationship for the study area was computed by using a genetic algorithm inversion approach.
Frecuency-wavenumber analysis of strong ground motion in Mexico City
Authors: Baena-Rivera Marcela , Pérez-Rocha L. Eduardo , Sánchez-Sesma Francisco J.
Published: April 2021

An analysis of frequency-wavenumber (f-k) spectral power densities of strong ground motion recorded by the Mexico City Accelerometric Network (MCAN) is presented. Time series of a seismic event recorded by the MCAN are analysed. Each recorded motion is assumed to be the insight of a homogeneous random field whose spectral representation reveals an assortment of propagating waves. A kinematic decomposition that separates the waves in longitudinal and transversal displacements was made. These motions are associated to Rayleigh and Love waves, respectively. The analysis on different time windows of the MCAN signals to identify back-propagating waves locally generated as a result of their interactions with shallow geological features was applied. For each component, we estimate the f-k spectral power density, which provide the amplitudes, velocities and directions of propagation of the most significant waves. These values, as functions of frequency, constitute the kinematic spectra of the wave field. Results obtained using this method allow to establish coherent scenarios of the wave field in Mexico City Valley that imply pointing out locally generated surface waves.
Attenuation of Coda Waves in the Central Region of the Gulf of California, México
Authors: Rodríguez-Lozoya Héctor E. , Domínguez R. Tonatiuh , Quintanar Robles Luis , Aguilar Meléndez Armando , Rodríguez-Leyva Héctor E. , Plata Rocha Wenseslao , García Páez Fernando
Published: April 2021

Coda waves were analyzed from events recorded by NARS seismic network deployed along both margins of the Gulf of California, Mexico, to estimate coda attenuation Qc. Sato’s (1977) single scattering model was used for a coda window of 20 to 25 s beginning at twice the S-wave travel time. Events recorded from 2003 to 2007 located in the central region of the Gulf of California were analyzed. Source-to-receiver distances are between 40 and 500 km. Assuming a power law of the form QC (f) = QO f a, QC values were averaged and a value of QO = 83Â±3 and a frequency-dependence Î± value of 1.06Â±0.03 in the frequency range from 1 to 7 Hz was obtained. QO value and the high frequency dependency agree with the values of other regions characterized by a high tectonic activity. Based on source-station distribution two subregions (north and south) were defined. QC values were calculated and correlated with tectonics and morphology of each area. The observed higher attenuation in the south region can be attributed to the fact that south region is more fractured since the greater earthquakes occur in central to south Gulf of California and the oceanic crust is reported to be thinner in the southern region.
Integration of geoelectric and geochemical data in the evaluation of natural attenuation in a diesel contaminated site in São Manuel (Brazil)
Authors: A. Moreira César , Innocenti Helene Lívia Portes , R. P. Côrtes Ariane
Published: April 2021

Geophysics is a very relevant investigation tool in conjunction with chemical analysis, during the diagnosis and monitoring of contamination in the geological environment. This paper presents the results of DCdefine resistivity and Induced Polarization geophysical methods in an area contaminated by diesel due to a railway accident that occurred in 1999 in which no remediation systems were implemented. The processes of natural attenuation prevailing in the area resulted in gradual reduction of the levels of hydrocarbons in groundwater, as demonstrated by a historic series of analyses. The dissolution and neoformation mineral are products of this process that in the availability of elements such as Fe and Mn in tropical soils, often result in the crystallization of sulphide. 2D profiles and 3D geophysical models reveal a central zone of high resistivity and high chargeability in an area with remnants of contamination quantified in 2008, associated to residual hydrocarbons. Besides, the high chargeability data provides an overview of the mineralization of the hydrocarbon as a result from its degradation. The data indicates the possibility of using these methods as an auxiliary tool in systems for remediation of contamination by hydrocarbons, by the possibility of investigations into dry soil and groundwater, and in monitoring metal mineralization, products related to the degradation of hydrocarbons in the geological environment.
Geometría de la zona sismogénica interplacas en el Sureste de Costa Rica a la luz de la secuencia de Golfito del 2018
Authors: Arroyo Ivonne Gabriela , Linkimer Lepolt
Published: April 2021

Between August and November 2018, a seismic sequence took place in the vicinity of Golfito, a city in the Dulce Gulf in Southeastern Costa Rica. The main shock had a moment magnitude (Mw) of 6.1 and was widely felt in Costa Rica and Western Panama, with maximum Modified Mercalli intensities of VI. In this region, the oceanic Cocos Ridge, riding on top of the Cocos Plate, subducts beneath the Panama Microplate. Using the seismic records from the National Seismological Network of Costa Rica, in this work the seismicity is relocated using the double-difference technique, and an analysis of its temporal and geographic distribution together with the focal mechanism and intensities of the strongest events are presented. The results show that the sequence occurred at the interplate seismogenic zone, within the rupture area of the 1983 Golfito earthquake (7.4 Mw), between 12 and 27 km depth, in a cluster dipping 35º northeast underneath the Dulce Gulf. Based mainly on these results and on previous seismic sequences, it is here proposed that the seismogenic zone in Southeastern Costa Rica has an extension of ~160 x 45 km. Further, during the Golfito sequence, the rupture of an inverse fault (5.9 Mw) took place within the Cocos Plate beneath the Dulce Gulf, as well as of dextral strike-slip faults (4.6-5.6 Mw) in the Panama Microplate, 50 km away of the Dulce Gulf. The analysis of the interseismic interplate seismicity contributes to a better understating of the dynamics of the seismogenic zone. This is of particular relevance in Southeastern Costa Rica, where at least six damaging earthquakes of Mw > 7 have occurred since 1803, implying the impending risk of the next big earthquake in this region.
Multisource data integration for groundwater prospecting in Precambrian shear zones, Espírito Santo State (Southeastern Brazil)
Authors: Hartwig Marcos Eduardo , Moreira César Augusto , De Melo Marilane Gonzaga
Published: April 2021

The Precambrian metamorphic rocks in the southern region of the Espírito Santo State(southeastern Brazil) is intercepted by ductile and brittle/ductile shear zones over which towns like Guaçuí, Marechal Floriano and Domingos Martins were established. In the years of 2014 to 2016 the Espírito Santo State faced the worst drought in the past 80 years. In situations like that, the only source of fresh water available is underground. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to integrate multisource data for groundwater prospecting and management. The study area comprises the central sectors of the Guaçuí and Batatal shear zones. Methodology involved the interpretation of stereo-pairs for the identification of lineaments, electrical resistivity surveys and geological fieldwork. The results were tentatively validated with available groundwater well production data. Six resistivity profiles with a total length of 2,400 m were surveyed and 15 outcrops were described across these structures. Results have shown that the structural framework of the shear zones is predominantly made of NW to NNW and NE to NNE-trending lineaments. The former is related to brittle tectonics and the latter coincides with the ductile Precambrian fabric of the crystalline basement rocks. A near-surface porous aquifer regarded to the regolith and recent unconsolidated sedimentary deposits presenting resistivity values < 1,372 Ohm.m and depths < 30 m have good potential for groundwater storage. However, results arenot conclusive about the hydrogeological significance of tectonic structures for groundwaterprospection in the study area.
Actitudes de estudiantes de enfermería respecto al consumo de alcohol
Authors: Díaz Heredia Luz Patricia , Penagos Cubillos Luis Fernando , Castañeda Casadas Angie Mabel , Rodríguez Silva Leidy Verónica , Zambrano Amado Cristian Ernesto
Published: April 2021

Introducción. En el año 2016, 3 millones de personas murieron en el mundo por el consumo nocivo de alcohol, siendo uno de los cuatro factores de riesgo modificables para desarrollar enfermedades no transmisibles. La identificación de las actitudes de los enfermeros frente a las bebidas alcohólicas puede predecir el nivel de impacto que tendrán los cuidados brindados al paciente. El Objetivo del estudio fue describir las actitudes de estudiantes de último año de enfermería, sobre el alcohol, el alcoholismo y las personas con alcoholismo en una  Universidad de Bogotá. Material y Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Muestra censal de 100 estudiantes de una universidad pública de la ciudad de Bogotá. Instrumento utilizado: Escala de Atitudes frente ao Álcool, ao Alcoolismo e ao Alcoolista - EAFAA, y un cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica y académica. Utilización del programa Microsoft Excel. Se contó con el aval del Comité de Ética de la institución. Resultados. 91% de los participantes del estudio presentan actitudes positivas. Actitudes negativas se registraron al considerar la etiología del alcoholismo como causada por la persona.Los estudiantes con formación presentaron actitudes más positivas (3,38). Conclusiones. Las actitudes positivas pueden desencadenar una mejor atención en el cuidado ofrecido por la población en estudio. La formación sobre el alcoholismo es fundamental para mejorar las actitudes de los enfermeros en esta área.
Acceso y conocimiento de inmigrantes haitianos sobre la Atención Primaria de Salud chilena
Authors: Luengo Martínez Carolina , Acuña Pino Berenice Dámaris , Baltra García Alexandra Francisca , Bravo Acevedo Vanessa Andrea , Cortez Silva Daniela Rocío , Morales Ojeda Ismael Antonio
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Describir el acceso y el conocimiento de la población haitiana inmigrante respecto a la atención primaria de salud chilena y realizar un perfil sociodemográfico de salud de esta población. Material y Método. Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Realizado en una muestra de 41 inmigrantes haitianos, elegidos por conveniencia según criterios de elegibilidad. Se aplicó un cuestionario, elaborado por las autoras, validado por juicio de expertos y prueba piloto, traducido al creolé. Resultados. La población estudiada revela baja asistencia a centros de salud de nivel primario, un 53,7% no ha accedido a atención primaria de salud chilena en los últimos seis meses. Las principales barreras de acceso corresponden al desconocimiento de la existencia del centro de salud, falta de inscripción, imposibilidad de asistir en el horario establecido, lejanía respecto a su residencia e idioma. Conclusión. Existe un bajo acceso de esta población a la atención primaria de salud chilena; ya que diferentes barreras impiden una atención de calidad a los extranjeros haitianos. Estas barreras se evidencian en el desconocimiento del funcionamiento y de los servicios que ofrece el Centro de Salud Familiar. El instaurar nuevas medidas que permitan el acercamiento de la atención primaria chilena a la comunidad haitiana, favorece la salud nacional ya que esta población presenta morbilidad epidemiológica y nutricional
Aplicación del proceso enfermero según teorías y modelos en el potencial donante: estudio de caso
Authors: Ramírez Palma Antonio , Freire Vicencio Ruddy
Published: April 2021

La muerte encefálica es el cese irreversible en la función de estructuras neurológicas, intracraneales, lo que supone un compromiso neurológico que requiere de cuidados específicos en unidades de mayor complejidad donde el profesional de enfermería debe considerar en su quehacer cuidados fundamentales en el soporte no solo hemodinámico, sino también que involucren a la familia y entorno, los cuales son ejecutados tanto de forma independiente como en conjunto de la acción médica e influyen en la toma de decisiones de la familia.El objetivo del presente estudio de caso se basa en desarrollar un proceso de enfermería en una unidad de cuidados intensivos en una persona con diagnóstico de Muerte Encefálica, basado en teorías y modelos que sistematicen el cuidado y que permitan fundamentar la práctica clínica.Para realizar la valoración se utilizaron como referentes la teoría de las necesidades básicas humanas de Virginia Henderson y la teoría del final de la vida de Cornelia Ruland y Shirley Moore. El establecimiento de diagnósticos fueplanteado mediante el formato NANDA, los indicadores fueron descritos según criterios de resultados NOC y las intervenciones según formato NIC.El profesional de enfermería es clave para la humanización de los cuidados al final de la vida, donde se debe de considerar no solo a la persona sino también a familia y entorno. La elaboración de un plan de cuidados basado en un modelo teórico de enfermería permitirá fortalecer el cuidado integral del binomio familia/paciente.
Dependence of the Photosynthetic Quantum Yield on Phytoplankton Light Absorption: Equations for Assessing Primary Production in the Black Sea
Authors: Churilova T. Ya. ,   A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences,  Sevastopol, Russia, Suslin V. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Sosik H. M. ,   Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, USA
Published: April 2021

Purpose. Investigations were performed during a scientific cruise to characterize hydrophysical properties, chlorophyll a concentration, photosynthesis-irradiance curves, spectral light absorption coefficients by phytoplankton, and spectral quantum downwelling irradiance. From these results, the dependence of the photosynthetic quantum yield upon environmental factors was studied with the purpose of adapting an algorithm developed for the Baltic Sea so that it can be applied for the Black Sea. Methods and Results. Complex hydrophysical and biological studies were carried out at several depths within the euphotic zone. Spectral bio-optical parameters were measured in accordance with the latest NASA protocols (2018). Experiments to determine the photosynthesis-light relationship were performed under temperature and light conditions similar to those in situ. The quantum yield of photosynthesis was calculated from parameters of photosynthesis-light curves (photosynthesis efficiency, light saturation parameter) and the spectral light absorption coefficients by phytoplankton pigments. It was found out that the main photosynthetic characteristics of phytoplankton, including the maximum photosynthetic quantum yield and the fraction of phytoplankton absorption associated with photoprotective accessory pigments, varied with depth within the euphotic zone, due to phytoplankton acclimation to environment factors during the period of seasonal stratification. The relationship between the photosynthetic quantum yield and the quanta absorbed by photosynthetically active phytoplankton pigments was revealed. The results of this research made it possible to build on the approach developed for other regions and modify the equation for calculating the quantum yield to apply specifically for environmental conditions in the Black Sea. Conclusions. For the first time, comprehensive studies carried out in the Black Sea, including measurements of the photosynthesis-light dependence, spectral light absorption coefficients by phytoplankton and spectral downwelling irradiance as a function of optical depths within the euphotic zone, made it possible to reveal the equation for calculating photosynthetic quantum yield. This new equation can be applied for calculating primary production of the Black Sea using a spectral approach, based both on the results of in situ measurements and remote sensing data.
What drives investment decisions on equity stake in private equity? The Italian case before and after the great financial crisis
Authors: Cesario Giorgio , Gigante Gimede
Published: April 2021

The paper aims at developing a framework in the context of the Italian market to explain whether the equity stake acquired by private equities (PEs) in a target company changes according to certain firm-specific and deal-specific characteristics. In addition, the study analyzes whether the 2008 global financial crisis has affected investment decisions as well. The study focuses on a sample of 178 deals involving Italian companies in one of two different timeframes: 1) the pre-crisis period, including deals from 2003–2007 and 2) the post-crisis period, including deals from 2013–2017. The sample was extracted from the Private Equity Monitor Report (http://www.privateequitymonitor.it /pubblicazioni.php) and selected from 937 available deals in the period 2002–2018. The analysis has been carried out by using multivariate regressions to understand which factors influence the percentage of equity acquired by private equities. The results of the analysis show that PEs acquire higher stakes whenever the company is not privately owned by a family, the economy is recovering from a crisis and the company has lower margins or has recently recorded lower revenue growth. The paper contributes to the existing research on Italian private equity activity by widening the scope of other similar studies available so far. Thanks to an innovative approach we also initiate a new stream of analyses and studies aiming at fine-tuning, improving, and updating the framework that might predict, ex-ante, the level of PE investments in a certain economy as a “dependent variable” of companies’ specific characteristics.
Tratamiento endoscópico de adenomas de la papila menor: reporte de dos casos.
Authors: Reyes Medina Gustavo Adolfo , Carvajal Patiño Germán David , Lizcano Zea Diana Patricia , Sabbagh Sanvicente Luis Carlos
Published: April 2021

Existen numerosas publicaciones sobre resección endoscópica de lesiones de la papila mayor, pero solo se han presentado series de casos individuales de resección de lesiones de la papila menor. En el presente artículo describimos el éxito técnico y la seguridad de la resección endoscópica de dos lesiones adenomatosas de la papila menor.
Neumatosis quística intestinal en un adulto joven sin antecedentes clínicos: reporte de caso
Authors: Camargo González Nataly Estephania , Benavides González María Alejandra , Parra Medina Rafael , Pérez Hernández Cristian Jair
Published: April 2021

La neumatosis quística intestinal se refiere a la presencia de gas dentro de la pared del intestino delgado o grueso, puede ser asintomática y potencialmente mortal cuando se presentan complicaciones. Las causas de esta entidad incluyen enfermedades pulmonares, sistémicas, intestinales, medicamentosas, causas iatrogénicas y traumáticas. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 35 años de edad sin antecedentes de importancia que consultó por dolor en el hemiabdomen inferior, con un diagnóstico imagenológico de neumatosis quística intestinal, neumoperitoneo y peritonitis, complicación secundaria a esta patología, por lo que se realizó el manejo quirúrgico, laparotomía y resección de segmento colónico, que se analizó histopatológicamente y se confirmó el diagnostico; finalmente, fue dado de alta después de finalizar el tratamiento antibiótico.
Rational design of a highly efficient catalytic system for the production of 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate from ATP
Authors: Liu Kaifang , Chen Xiulai , Zhong Yunlu , Liu Jia , Hu Guipeng , Gao Cong , Guo Liang , Song Wei , Liu Liming
Published: April 2021

The compound 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) serves as a
sulfate group donor in the production of valuable sulfated compounds,
such as glycosaminoglycan and oxamniquine. However, elevated costs and
low conversion efficiency limit the industrial applicability of PAPS.
Here, we designed and constructed an efficient and controllable
catalytic system for the conversion of ATP (disodium salt) into PAPS
without inhibition from by-products. In vitro and in vivo testing in
Escherichia coli identified adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate kinase from
Penicillium chrysogenum (PcAPSK) as the rate-limiting enzyme. Based on
analysis of the catalytic steps and molecular dynamics simulations, a
mechanism-guided “ADP expulsion” strategy was developed to generate an
improved PcAPSK variant (L7), with a specific activity of 48.94 U·mg-1
and 73.27-fold higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) that of the
wild-type enzyme. The improvement was attained chiefly by reducing the
ADP-binding affinity of PcAPSK, as well as by changing the enzyme’s
flexibility and lid structure to a more open conformation. By
introducing PcAPSK L7 in an in vivo catalytic system, 73.59 mM (37.32
g·L-1) PAPS was produced from 150 mM ATP in 18.5 h using a 3-L
bioreactor. The achieved titer is the highest reported to date and
corresponds to a 98.13% conversion rate. The proposed strategy will
facilitate industrial production of PAPS as well as the engineering of
similar enzymes.
Comparative Analysis of Rainfall Trends in the Jinghe River Basin During 1959-2014
Authors: Long Xunjian , Weng Xuerou , ye yan , Ye Yong
Published: April 2021

Trend analysis is widely applied in hydrometeorological research.
Considering that Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) and Innovative
Polygonal Trend Analysis (IPTA) can detect small variations on annual
and smaller scale, rainfall trends at 14 hydrometeorological stations in
the Jinghe River Basin were analyzed by ITA, IPTA and Mann Kendall test
(MK). The results showed that the rainfall trends are subsistent from
1959 to 2014. Comparing the results of ITA and MK on annual level, it
was determined that trends are consistent, but only two stations passed
the 90% significance test through MK, while all stations passed the
significance test through ITA. Accordingly, the ITA method proved to be
better than MK in detecting small changes in time series. Changes in
high and low values, obtained by the ITA method, reflected flood and
drought trends in the basin. In addition, IPTA is an improved ITA method
that is suitable for a relatively short time span. Through the IPTA
method for analyzing the monthly precipitation trends, the results
showed that rainfall at 14 stations increased in January, February,
March, June and December, and decreased significantly in September.
Therefore, the methodology applied in this study can provide detailed
recommendations for hydrometeorological research.
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL EVALUATION OF THE PRESENCE OF SARCOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Aslan Sefa , Genc Hakan
Published: April 2021

Aim: In this study, we evaluated the presence of sarcopenia
multidimensionally in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) using
clinical, ultrasonographic and biochemical parameters, and in this
respect, it was aimed to investigate the relation between OA and
sarcopenia and to identify the most practical, easily accessible and
inexpensive method for investigating sarcopenia.Materials and methods:
102 patients with clinical and radiological diagnosis of knee
osteoarthritis and 33 healthy control subjects were included in the
study. The detailed musculoskeletal system examination of the patients
included in the study was carried out by a single physician, and blood
sample tests were recorded .Dual-X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is used to
measure Body composition parameters and muscle mass measurements,
isometric muscle strength evaluations, handgrip strength and gait speeds
for diagnosis of sarcopenia. Short-form -36 (SF-36) The Nutritional
Assessment-short form (MNA), the Western Ontario and McMaster
Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the International Physical
Assessment Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Center for
Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D scale) were administered
to every patient as outcome measures.Results: Body composition parameter
results showed that sarcopenic patients had statistically lower values
as fat mass, lean body mass and skeletal muscle index (p
<0.001, p= 0.001, p <0.001, respectively) than those
of non-sarcopenic and control group. It was determined that body
composition values measured with DEXA, ultrasonographic measures,
isokinetic muscle strength assessment, handgrip strength and gait speed
had predictive values for sarcopenia. Conclusion: We found that patients
with sarcopenic OA were older, weaker, undernourished, and restricted in
their level of physical activity in the study in which we identified
sarcopenia as approximately 12% in patients with osteoarthritis. Among
the methods of determining sarcopenia, ultrasound becomes prominent with
its practical, cheap and easily accessible features. We think that our
results will increase the awareness of the presence of sarcopenia in OA
patients.
Handledarens frågor: Att möjliggöra självständighet i ett handledningssamtal
Authors: Magnusson Jenny
Published: April 2021

Ett av många ansvarsområden som en uppsatshandledare har handlar om att möjliggöra och öppna för studentens självständighet. Självständighet knyts i den här undersökningen till studentens delaktighet i handledningssamtalen, och i det sammanhanget är handledarens frågor till studenten centrala. Syftet är därför att undersöka hur handledarna genom ställandet av frågor öppnar för och möjliggör studentens självständighet. Åtta olika handledarsamtal från två utbildningsprogram analyseras utifrån vilka frågor som ställs, och vilka av dessa frågor som öppnar för och möjliggör självständighet. Tre typer av frågor identifieras som särskilt centrala i handledningssamtalen; öppnande och överlämnande frågor, utvecklande och fördjupande frågor samt utmanande och problematiserande frågor. Variationen mellan samtal och handledare visar sig dock vara stor och det visar sig också finnas skillnader i vilken typ av delaktighet som skapas med hjälp av frågorna.
Analysis and choice of optimal conditions for the burning of natural gas with heated air in the reactor of carbon black obtaining
Authors:   JSC “Kremenchuk carbon black plant”, 4 Svishtovska str., Kremenchuk, Ukraine, Baldis Andriy , Shevchuk Vasyl ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The mixing and burning of natural gas with heated air in the reactor of carbon black obtaining have been analyzed. Commercial test results for the device of partially premixed components with single-flow burner have been considered. Construction peculiarities and operational conditions of single- and multi-flow burners have been examined.
Experimental method of contact membrane distillation process research
Authors:   National technical university of Ukraine NTUU “KPI”, 37 Peremohy prosp., 03056 Kiev, Ukraine, Kubrak Anatoliy , Ladieva Lesya ,   National technical university of Ukraine NTUU “KPI”, 37 Peremohy prosp., 03056 Kiev, Ukraine, Burban Anatoliy ,   National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” 2 G. Skovorody st., 04070 Kiev,Ukraine, Dubik Roman ,   National technical university of Ukraine NTUU “KPI”, 37 Peremohy prosp., 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

A laboratory setup for the research of contact membrane distillations (CMD) process is described; a non-standard algorithm of defining dynamic characteristics of a channel, which are directly inaccessible for measurement, by its transitive characteristics that can be represented as a chain of consistently connected elements, as well as separate elements of this chain, is offered.
Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) pada Materi Geometri Transformasi dengan Berbantuan Flipbook Maker
Authors: Fadilah Badiatun Nisail , Ahmad Jazim , Farida Nurul
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to produce an E-module based on Contextual Teaching and Learning in Geometry Transformation material that is valid and practical so that it can be used as one of the mathematics learning resources, especially the material of transformation geometry. The type of research used is research and development. The model used is the Plomp model. The stages used in this development model only phase 1 to phase 4, namely is a preliminary investigation, design, realization/construction, evaluation, and revision. The types of questionnaires used were expert validation and a student response questionnaire. Based on the results of expert validation the results of the material and the language expert validation percentage were 83.08% (very feasible category), design experts 86.11% (very feasible category) so that the overall material and language validation results and design were 84.56 % (very decent category). The results of the small group trials obtained from the student questionnaire responses to the mathematics E-Module were 88.6% (very practical category). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the E-Module mathematics based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) on the transformation geometry material assisted by Flipbook Maker is very feasible and very practical to be used as one of the sources of mathematics learning, especially on geometry material transformation.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Melalui Model Auditory Intelectually Repetition (AIR) Berbantuan Media Magic Cirkuit
Authors: Rochmah Lailli , Murtono Murtono , Ulya Himmatul
Published: April 2021

This study aims to improve student mathematics learning outcomes by using the Auditory Intelectually Repetition (AIR) learning model approach. This research using a Kemmis and Taggart model design consisting of two cycles. The subject of the research is the 4th-grade student at Prambatan Kidul 1 Elementary School. Data analysis techniques through interviews, observation, and tests. The result of this study indicates that student learning outcomes using the AIR learning model assisted by magic circuit media have increased. This can be seen from the increase in the pre-cycle stage which shows the mathematical learning outcomes of a student by 37,03% with an average score of 62 experienced an increase in the first cycle of 59% with an average score of 66 and the second cycle also increased to 85% with a score an average of 77. Based on the result of the research that has been carried out by 4th-grade students at Prambatan Kidul Elementary School, can application Auditory Intelectually Repetition model assisted by magic circuit media can improve mathematics learning outcomes.
Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Melalui Problem Based Learning dengan Media Karoline (Kampung Prolin)
Authors: Kuswanto Bambang
Published: April 2021

This aims to study to describe the activities and results of students' mathematics learning through the application of PBL with Karolin media (proline village). The research type used is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The subjects of this study were students of X APL 1 class at SMK Negeri Kabuh. Data collection techniques using observation and tests. The data analysis technique used is descriptive by using a percentage. The results showed the percentage of student activity in cycle I was 79.9% while in cycle II was 83.9% with active criteria. The results of student learning mathematics obtained from the completeness of classical learning outcomes of students in cycle I of 65.6% with an average value of 80.4, while the completeness of classical learning students outcomes in cycle II was 78.1% with an average value of learning student outcomes of 81.6.
State Estimation of an AC Overhead Power Line Using the Relinearization Method
Authors:   Azerbaijan Research and Design-Prospecting Energy Institute, Baku, BALAMETOV Ashraf B. , KHALILOV Elman D. ,   Azerbaijan Research and Design-Prospecting Energy Institute, Baku, SALIMOVA Afaq K. ,   Azerbaijan Research and Design-Prospecting Energy Institute, Baku, ISAYEVA Tarana M. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku
Published: April 2021

As is well known, dispatch control centers receive information about the electric power system operation mode from a supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) and phasor measurement units (PMU) in the form of remote measurements and remote signals. The remote measurements contain information on the power system operating parameters, and remote signals contain information on the positions of switching equipment. The controlled facility state estimation problem is conventionally solved using iteration methods because the system of state equations is nonlinear in nature. The application of the Kipnis-Shamir method makes it possible to transform the nonlinear system of algebraic equations into a linear system in a non-iterative manner by replacing quadratic state variables, after which the obtained linear system is solved parametrically. By applying a second transformation of variables, the system of algebraic equations is transformed into a second system of linear equations, after which the solution of this system and the quadratic system of linear equations, and, hence, also the initial system of nonlinear equations are found. The application of the non-iterative approach is considered on the example of estimating the state of a 500 kV overhead power line.
Overview of High Temperature Superconductor Machines
Authors:   University of Lorraine, Nancy, France, Douine Bruno , Menana Hocine ,   University of Lorraine, Nancy, France, Berger Kevin ,   University of Lorraine, Nancy, France, Lеvеque Jean ,   University of Lorraine, Nancy, France, Kovalev Konstantin ,   Moscow Aviation Institute, Ivanov Nikolay ,   Moscow Aviation Institute
Published: April 2021

Electrical machines are important parts of different power systems. The application of high temperature superconductors (HTS) in electrical machines is very promising due to high transport currents. This paper reviews various topologies of superconducting motors and generators using HTS published in the literature in recent time. It begins with a brief presentation of the HTS material used in electrical machines. The description of AC losses and cryogenic systems is done afterwards. Then we offer a striking description of the various realizations of HTS electrical machines such as half HTS synchronous machines, fully HTS synchronous machine, machines with HTS bulks and stacks. Some of these machines are totally innovative compared to conventional ones and their operating principle is strictly related to the presence of HTS materials.