bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On evaluation and comparison of measurement methods with special reference to the meat and meat products
Authors: Körmendy L. , Zukál E.
Published: February 2019

The authors discuss the main systematizing principles, not generally used in the field of meat science, regarding critical appreciation and comparison of measurement methods. The presentation of some basic considerations is followed by the discussion of interfering factors. Besides the random error, the role and importance of the constant, proportional and random biases are also treated. The random error is related to the method, while the random bias is related to the test material. A clear distinction is necessary between deterministic and stochastic relations when various methods are compared, emphasizing a possible instability of the regression constants in the latter case. A number of examples are listed for both types of relation. The use of the correlation coefficient may be erroneous in comparing two methods. However, Mandel’s sensitivity ratio often furnishes an appropriate basis of comparison. For better understanding, the considerations on biases are illustrated by a simplified example.

Thereafter, the authors deal with the most important view-points in developing and revising a method of measurement: simplicity, robustness and instability. The handling of extreme observations or outliers and the concentration dependence of the relative standard deviation (coefficient of variation) of measurement are also discussed.
Vitamin C decomposition kinetics in solutions, modelling citrus juices
Authors: Pátkai Gy. , Körmendy I. , Körmendy-Domján A.
Published: February 2019

Fibre-rich fruit juices are playing an increasing role in healthy nutrition, and consumers are regarding them, especially citrus juices of 100% fruit content, as reliable sources of vitamin C. Nevertheless relatively few scientific data are available on vitamin C retention during the heat treatment of aseptically packed fruit juices made from fruit concentrates. Authors investigated this problem within the scope of OTKA T 014965 research project (Körmendy et al., 1998, 1999a, 1999b; Pátkai, 1998).

Instead of separate case studies on different types of fruit juices and technologies, authors analysed the vitamin C content of model solutions with similar composition to real citrus juices as a function of temperature and duration of heat treatment and that of initial oxygen and ascorbic acid concentration. Based on the measured data, they elaborated kinetic relations and determined the reaction rate constants of vitamin C decomposition under the experimental conditions. By means of the calculated kinetic relations and reaction rate constants one can estimate the losses of vitamin C in the case of known parameters of the heat treatment, packaging material, oxygen and vitamin C concentration within the investigated domain. Results may promote technology and product development in the field of citrus fruit juices.
Mais do que nunca, a importância do conhecimento
Authors: Barbosa Andreza
Published: February 2019

Editorial
Diário pessoal na aula de Língua Portuguesa: implicações para pensar a prática pedagógica e a escrita acadêmica
Authors: Zevoli Peres Danubia Fernanda , Chaluh Laura Noemi
Published: February 2019

Neste trabalho, apresentamos um recorte de uma pesquisa problematizada pela escrita na escola pública e na academia, desenvolvida por uma professora que promoveu o exercício da escrita em diários pessoais com alunos de 8º ano. As escritas dos autores-alunos e da professora-pesquisadora e as relações instituídas entre eles, levou ao desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa de orientação sócio-histórica, evidenciando o sentido da escrita nesse contexto e o atravessamento da intimidade entre esses sujeitos, enquanto amizade. A pesquisa também potencializou outra forma de interpretação dos dados, pois a professora-pesquisadora, como autora, criou crônicas a partir dos diários pessoais dos alunos, mostrando possibilidades outras de escrita no contexto acadêmico. Enfim, explicitamos que todo o movimento desencadeado na escola traz contribuições para repensar práticas pedagógicas nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa atentas à possibilidade dos professores serem responsáveis pela constituição de sujeitos autores, bem como práticas de escrita acadêmica que evidenciem as marcas de autoria.
Breve panorama da pesquisa sobre a confessionalidade na educação superior no Brasil
Authors: Souza Rodrigo Tarcha Amaral de
Published: February 2019

Este trabalho apresenta um breve panorama sobre a situação atual da pesquisa a respeito da confessionalidade na educação superior no Brasil, inquirindo sobre sua natureza e lugar no universo acadêmico, suas implicações no cenário sociocultural e relação com o mercado educacional. Apoiado em autores que tratam do cenário econômico neoliberal mundial como pano de fundo das transformações do modelo de gestão, concepção e função das instituições de ensino superior confessionais, foram articulados cinco eixos temáticos e dois tipos de abordagem educacional mais, recorrentemente, tratados na pesquisa sobre a confessionalidade na educação superior no Brasil. Este é um tema pouco explorado como campo investigativo na área educacional, em parte por existir certo desinteresse e ao mesmo tempo, resistência em tratar sobre a confessionalidade, posto que, tanto outrora como hoje, este segmento de IES representa, em certa medida, posição contrária à perspectiva utilitarista e produtivista que considera a educação como um serviço comercial. Há uma inquestionável pressão ideológica e operacional para que as IES revisem, respectivamente, suas concepções identitárias e funções socioculturais na comunidade.
Da articulação do trabalho coletivo ao controle do trabalho docente: os (des)caminhos legais da Coordenação Pedagógica no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Fernandes Maria José Da Silva
Published: February 2019

Neste artigo são apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa documental centrada na análise das resoluções publicadas no período de 1996 a 2017 sobre a função de Professor Coordenador (PC) no Estado de São Paulo. Foram analisadas 11 resoluções específicas, destacando-se os elementos centrais que alteraram a natureza do trabalho da função, tais como as justificativas, formas de seleção, denominação e, principalmente, as atribuições a serem realizadas nas escolas. O período analisado corresponde justamente ao fortalecimento das reformas educacionais de natureza neoliberal que ocorreram na rede paulista, na qual medidas gerencialistas e performáticas determinadas no âmbito de programas e projetos alteraram a organização do trabalho pedagógico. Neste sentido, a legislação foi um importante instrumento normativo que levou a coordenação pedagógica a adquirir novos sentidos na prática escolar. A função eminentemente articuladora e voltada para o exercício de atividades pedagógicas relacionadas às necessidades específicas das escolas por meio da elaboração e desenvolvimento do Projeto Político Pedagógico foi apropriada com outros objetivos e intenções ao longo de mais de 20 anos de implantação das políticas educacionais no Estado, tornando-se mais controladora e voltada ao monitoramento das ações determinadas externamente.
Caso: plano estruturado da CIPA de engajamento da força de trabalho no Porto de Ponta da Madeira
Authors: Medeiros Maria , Arruda Fábio , Samene Sarah
Published: February 2019

A principal função das Comissões Internas de Prevenção de Acidentes - CIPA é proporcionar condições de trabalho seguras e saudáveis para todos os colaboradores da empresa e é formada por empregados designados pelo empregador e outros escolhidos pelos empregados em votação secreta. As campanhas de engajamento realizadas pela CIPA foram planejadas e realizadas com a equipe do Serviço Especializado em Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho - SESMT no princípio de envolvimento total dos empregados em cada etapa por diversas ações implementadas no ano de 2017. O objetivo principal do plano de trabalho anual, estabelecido na reunião de planejamento, foi fazer com que todos colaboradores se sentissem como sujeitos ativos da mudança cultural e adotassem novas atitudes por entenderem que a prevenção em saúde e segurança é a forma mais genuína de relacionamento na empresa nos três pilares do cuidado ativo genuíno: cuidar de si próprio, cuidar do colega e deixar ser cuidado.
Nutrient accumulation in Eucalyptus bark at different population densities
Authors: Martins Thales G. V. , Rocha Maria F. V. , Nieri Erick M. , Melo Lucas A. de , Silva Maria L. de S. , Silva Diana S. N. da
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to quantify the accumulation of nutrients in the bark of four eucalyptus clones at 12 years-of-age, planted at different population densities, and the values were extrapolated to kg of nutrients per hectare. The experiment used randomized blocks in a 4 × 3 factorial design and three replications, with four Eucalyptus clones (2486, I182, I144, and GG100) planted at three population densities (416, 833, and 1111 trees ha-1). The rigorous cubage of three trees per plot was performed by collecting discs of bark at the following heights: diameter at breast height (1.30 m), 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the commercial height of the stem. The bark discs of each tree were grouped and used to determine N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S content, in addition to the basic density. The volume and dry mass of bark per tree was estimated and the accumulation of nutrients per tree ha-1 was estimated sequentially, for each population density. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc tests verified that Ca showed the greatest accumulation in the bark, followed by N, K, S, Mg, and P. The increase in population density contributed to higher bark production and greater nutrient accumulation per hectare. However, this increase was not evident when comparing densities of 833 and 1111 trees ha-1.
TURNOVER OF NURSING WORKERS IN AN ADULT EMERGENCY UNIT
Authors: Martins Marisa da Silva , Matos Eliane , Salum Nádia Chiodelli
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to calculate the overall turnover rate of nursing workers from the adult emergency unit of a general teaching hospital in the period between January 2005 and December 2013. Method: quantitative, exploratory, descriptive, retrospective study; data collection performed on documents/work schedules of the unit. Turnover rate calculated considering monthly entry/exit of workers at the unit's work schedules. Results: 171 professionals worked in the emergency unit in this period; 101 left the unit (57 migrated to other areas and 44 left the institution). Time of service presented trend of nine years and median of two years and four months. Global turnover above 3% in four months in 2006; October/2008; April to September/2009; four months in 2010; July/2011; and May/2013. Conclusion: considering the effects of staff turnover for nursing care, it is recommended to adopt indicators for management/control of this condition.
USE OF COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS AS SUPPORT TO THE CROSS-MAPPING METHOD BETWEEN CLINICAL TERMINOLOGIES
Authors: Gomes Denilsen Carvalho , Oliveira Lucas Emanuel Silva e , Cubas Marcia Regina , Barra Claudia Maria Cabral Moro
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on the use of computational tools in the cross-mapping method between clinical terminologies. Method: reflection study. Results: the cross-mapping method consists of obtaining a list of terms through extraction and normalization; the connection between the terms of the list and those of the reference base, by means of predefined rules; and grouping of the terms into categories: exact or partial combination or, in more detail, similar term, more comprehensive term, more restricted term and non-agreeing term. Performed manually in many studies, it can be automated with the use of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). Obtaining the terms list can occur automatically by natural language processing algorithms, being that the use of rules to identify information in texts allows the expert's knowledge to be coupled to the algorithm, and it can be performed by techniques based on Machine Learning. When it comes to mapping terms using the 7-Axis model of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®), the process can also be automated through natural language processing algorithms such as POS-tagger and the syntactic parser. Conclusion: the cross-mapping method can be intensified by the use of natural language processing algorithms. However, even in cases of automatic mapping, the validation of the results by specialists should not be discarded.
USE OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE MANAGER IN THE SELECTION OF PRIMARY STUDIES IN INTEGRATIVE REVIEWS
Authors: Mendes Karina Dal Sasso , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira , Galvão Cristina Maria
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: present the use of the bibliographic reference manager EndNote( as a support tool in the construction of a database and the selection of primary studies to develop integrative reviews. Method: a reflection study was undertaken, based on the international and the Brazilian literature. Results: the elaboration of an integrative review permits summarizing the knowledge about the theme of interest delimited in the health area, which can contribute by providing recommendations based on research results for clinical practice, as well as by identifying knowledge gaps, driving future research development. The use of bibliographic reference management tools is important for the selection of primary studies, permitting the location of repeated references, identification of languages, selection of publication periods and the creation of citations in the elaboration of the scientific text, among other resources. Conclusion: the advance in technologies, particularly the software EndNote(, has provided resources for the practicability of knowledge synthesis methods, in a transparent and replicable manner, consequently entailing a better quality of this type of study.
EVALUATION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF LEVELS OF HMGB1 AND IL6 AS PREDICTORS OF INFECTION, ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND MORTALITY IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITH VARICEAL BLEEDING
Authors: VILELA Eduardo Garcia , PINHEIRO Camilla dos Santos , SATURNINO Saulo Fernandes , GOMES Célio Geraldo de Oliveira , NASCIMENTO Vanuza Chagas do , ANDRADE Marcos Vinicius Melo de
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal varices and associated bleeding are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential role of the biomarkers HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1) and IL-6 (Interleukin-6) as predictors of infection, acute kidney injury and mortality in these patients. METHODS: It is a prospective, observational study that included 32 cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding. RESULTS: The subjects’mean age was 52±5 years and 20 (62.5%) were male. The average MELD was 17.53±5 and the average MELD-Na was 20.63±6.06. Thirty patients (93.3%) patients were Child-Pugh class B or C. Infection was present in 9 subjects (28.1%), acute kidney injury was present in 6 (18.1%) and 4 (12.5%) patients died. The median serum levels of HMGB1 were 1487 pg/mL (0.1 to 8593.1) and the median serum level of IL-6 was 62.1 pg/mL (0.1 to 1102.4). The serum levels of HMGB1 and IL-6 were significantly higher in patients who developed infection, acute kidney injury and death (P<0.05). The Spearman’s correlations for HMGB1 and IL-6 were 0.794 and 0.374 for infection, 0.53 and 0.374 for acute kidney injury and 0.467 and 0.404 for death, respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum levels of HMGB1 and IL-6 were higher in patients with the three studied outcomes. HMGB1 serum levels showed a high correlation with infection and a moderate correlation with acute kidney injury and death, while IL-6 showed a moderate correlation with infection and death and a low correlation with acute kidney injury.
THE OLD ONE TECHNIQUE IN A NEW STYLE: DEVELOPING PROCEDURAL SKILLS IN PARACENTESIS IN A LOW COST SIMULATOR MODEL
Authors: MESQUITA Daniel Araujo Kramer de , QUEIROZ Erika Feitosa , OLIVEIRA Maria Allyce de , CUNHA Carlos Magno Queiroz da , MAIA Fernanda Martins , CORREA Rafaela Vieira
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Paracentesis is a routine medical procedure quite relevant in clinical practice. There are risks of complications related to paracentesis, so it is essential a proper trainee for the younger practicer. OBJECTIVE: The article describes the construction and the application of a low cost paracentesis simulator for undergraduate medical students and it also describes the perception of students about the simulator as well. METHODS: A low-cost model was developed by the Program of Tutorial Education for training medical students during three editions of an undergraduate theoretical-practical course of bedside invasive procedures. The authors constructed a model from very low-cost and easily accessible materials, such as commercial dummy plus wooden and plastic supports to represent the abdomen, synthetic leather fabric for the skin, upholstered sponge coated with plastic film to represent the abdominal wall and procedure gloves with water mixed with paint to simulate the ascitic fluid and other abdominal structures. One semi-structured form with quantitative and qualitative questions was applied for medical specialists and students in order to evaluate the paracentesis simulator. RESULTS: The paracentesis model has an initial cost of US$22.00 / R$70.00 for 30 simulations and US$16.00 / R$50.00 for every 30 additional simulations. It was tested by eight medical doctors, including clinical medicine, general surgeons and gastroenterologists, and all of them fully agreed that the procedure should be performed on the manikin before in the actual patient, and they all approved the model for undergraduate education. A total of 87 undergraduate medical students (56% male) individually performed the procedure in our simulator. Regarding the steps of the procedure, 80.5% identified the appropriate place for needle puncture and 75.9% proceeded with the Z or traction technique. An amount of 80.5% of the students were able to aspire the fluid and another 80.5% of students correctly performed the bandage at the end of the procedure. All the students fully agreed that simulated paracentesis training should be performed prior to performing the procedure on a real patient. CONCLUSION: The elaboration of a teaching model in paracentesis provided unique experience to authors and participants, allowing a visible correlation of the human anatomy with synthetic materials, deepening knowledge of this basic science and developing creative skills, which enhances clinical practice. There are no data on the use of paracentesis simulation models in Brazilian universities. However, the procedure is quite accomplished in health services and needs to be trained. The model described above was presented as qualified with low cost and easily reproducible.
Microscopic alterations in Fasciola hepatica from sheep treated with albendazole
Authors: Carneiro Milena Batista , Avelar Barbara Rauta , Archanjo Anderson Barros , Martins Isabella Vilhena Freire , Nunes Louisiane de Carvalho , Scott Fabio Barbour
Published: February 2019

Abstract Currently, albendazole is one of the most commonly used drugs because of its affordability. The objective was to evaluate the histopathology of Fasciola hepatica specimens. For this, the efficacy test was performed on sheep treated with albendazole at the dose recommended for F. hepatica, in which the helminths recovered at necropsy were counted and separated for histology. Spermatogenic cells from parasites recovered from treated and control sheep were examined by microscopy. The fecal egg-count reduction test revealed 97.06% efficacy of albendazole in the treatment of F. hepatica. Changes in testicular tubule cells started 48 hours after treatment and became evident within 72 hours, at which point it became difficult to identify cell types. Primary and secondary spermatogonia became increasingly rare and intercellular vacuolization was more evident. Signs of apoptosis, with pycnotic nuclei and evidence of keriorrexia were observed at all times. Cell debris was identified 96 hours after treatment. The results indicated that parasitic spermatogenesis was severely affected by albendazole and demonstrated the importance of the use of histopathology for the diagnosis of therapeutic efficacy in field strains.
Experimental and numerical-based design of hybrid steel fibre-reinforced concrete tunnels
Authors: Jamshidi Avanaki Mohammad , Abedi Mohammad , Hoseini Abdollah
Published: February 2019

Hybrid steel fibre-reinforced concrete (HSFRC) composites, constituted from different geometries of steel fibres, benefit from positive performances of different fibre geometries. When applied in segmental tunnels, different aspects of their structural performance should be adequately evaluated to ensure a safe and durable design. In this paper, the flexural behaviour of segmental joints and performance under tunnel-boring machine (TBM) thrust forces for HSFRC segments is separately investigated through an experimental and numerical campaign. Experimental tests are used to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of the HSFRC composites, specifically the nonlinear tensile performance. Numerical models are then developed to study the aforementioned structural aspects in HSFRC segmental tunnels. Currently, guidelines and standards do not provide relationships specifically for the flexural design of segmental joints and TBM jack loads in HSFRC segmental linings. With the intention of meeting this deficit, simplified engineered relations are proposed.
Parametric study on bond of GFRP bars in alkali-activated cement concrete
Authors: Tekle Biruk Hailu , Khennane Amar
Published: February 2019

Bond behaviour plays an important role in the design and performance of reinforced-concrete structures. In this study, finite-element modelling is used to perform a parametric study. The bond between the glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar and alkali-activated cement concrete is modelled by surface-based cohesive behaviour. The accuracy of the model is validated by comparing model predictions with experimental results. The effect of concrete cover, bar diameter, compressive strength, lead length, embedment length and GFRP elastic modulus on bond behaviour is investigated. Each of these parameters are varied based on a range of applicable values to study their influence on bond behaviour. The parametric study showed that bond behaviour is mainly affected by concrete cover, bar diameter, embedment length and the compressive strength of the concrete. The effect of the elastic modulus of the GFRP bar is not as pronounced as that of the other parameters, while the influence of lead length can be avoided by providing enough unbonded length at the loaded end. The parametric study is further used to calibrate a well-known bond equation and develop a new regression equation for predicting the maximum bond stress. The predicted results from these equations showed a good agreement with the experimental results as well as those of the finite-element model.
A multi-variable study of factors affecting the complex resistivity of conductive mortar
Authors: Davey Stephen , Paine Kevin , Soleimani Manuchehr
Published: February 2019

Twenty-four mortar mixes were tested to assess the effects of mix design factors on complex electrical resistivity. Of these mixes, six were conventional and 18 were conductive mixes, containing varying quantities of either graphite or carbon fibre powder additions, which have been shown in previous studies to reduce the resistivity of cementitous materials. Complex resistance measurements from 20 Hz to 10 MHz taken between 7 and 35 d after casting were analysed. Comparisons were made between the effects on complex resistivity of varying quantities of additions, water/cement ratio and grit/sand ratio. In conventional mixes, the water/cement ratio was found to have more significance for complex resistance than the grit/sand ratio. Conductive additions were found to reduce the magnitude of complex resistivity as well as the influence of other mix factors. This novel and comprehensive comparison of the effects of three elements of mix design on complex resistance will be of use to anyone wishing to produce mortars or concrete for use in self-heating, self-sensing, or electrical property imaging contexts.
Stress Testing Household Debt
Authors: Bhutta Neil , Bricker Jesse , Dettling Lisa , Kelliher Jimmy , Laufer Steven
Published: February 2019

We estimate a county-level model of household delinquency and use it to conduct "stress tests" of household debt. Applying house price and unemployment rate shocks from Comprehensive Capital Analysis Review (CCAR) stress tests, we find that forecasted delinquency rates for the recent stock of debt are moderately lower than for the stock of debt before the 2007-09 financial crisis, given the same set of shocks. This decline in expected delinquency rates under stress reflects an improvement in debt-to-income ratios and an increase in the share of debt held by borrowers with relatively high credit scores. Under an alternative scenario where the size of house price shocks depends on housing valuations, we forecast a much lower delinquency rate than occurred during the crisis, reflecting more reasonable housing valuations than pre-crisis. Stress tests using other scenarios for the path of house prices and unemployment also support the conclusion that household debt curren tly poses a lower risk to financial stability than before the financial crisis.
Monetary Policy Strategies for a Low-Rate Environment
Authors: Bernanke Ben S. , Kiley Michael T. , Roberts John M.
Published: February 2019

In low-rate environments, policy strategies that involve holding rates “lower for longer” (L4L) may mitigate the effects of the effective lower bound (ELB). However, these strategies work in part by managing the public’s expectations, which is not always realistic. Using the Fed’s large-scale macroeconometric model, we study the effectiveness of L4L policies when financial market participants are forward-looking but other agents are not. We find that the resulting limited ability to manage expectations reduces but does not eliminate the advantages of L4L policies. The best policies provide adequate stimulus at the ELB while avoiding sizable overshoots of inflation and output.
Mobilitas Uranium pada Endapan Sedimen Sungai Aktif di Daerah Mamuju, Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Mu’awanah Frida Rosidatul , Priadi Bambang , Widodo Widodo , Sukadana I Gde , Andriansyah Rian
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAK Mamuju merupakan daerah yang memiliki nilai laju dosis radiasi (radioaktifitas) tinggi. Daerah penelitian terdiri dari 6 sektor yaitu Sektor Ahu, Orobatu, Takandeang, Botteng, Pangasaan, dan Taan. Variasi batuan pada daerah penelitian tidak mencerminkan distribusi uranium, sehingga diperlukan metode geokimia untuk mengetahui distribusi uranium pada sistem drainase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mobilitas dan distribusi uranium pada sistem drainase dengan menggunakan sampel sedimen sungai aktif. Analisis mobilitas uranium menggunakan persen labil yang didapatkan dari perbandingan uranium total dan uranium labil. Nilai uranium total didapatkan dari pengukuran X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry dan nilai uranium labil didapatkan dari pengukuran labile fluorimetry. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 4 lokasi potensial berdasarkan data radiometri. Hasil analisis menunjukkan Sektor Ahu memiliki nilai anomali uranium labil >113,44 ppm, Sektor Pangasaan dengan nilai anomali uranium labil >168,63 ppm, Sektor Takandeang dengan nilai anomali uranium labil >74,36 ppm, dan Sektor Botteng dengan nilai anomali uranium labil >84,23 ppm. Tipe anomali yang teridentifikasi pada dua sektor, yaitu anomali pada sektor Ahu berhubungan dengan presipitasi hidrolisat uranium terlarut pada endapan sungai dari lava Ahu dan breksi Tapalang, sementara anomali pada Sektor Takandeang berhubungan dengan pengayaan permukaan uranium in situ pada tanah dan batuan lava Takandeang. ABSTRACT Mamuju is an area that has a high dose rate (radioactivity) value. The research area consists of 6 sectors namely Ahu, Orobatu, Takandeang, Botteng, Pangasaan, and Taan Sector. Lithological distribution does not represent the distribution of uranium; therefore geochemical method is needed to observe the distribution of uranium in the drainage system. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the mobility and distribution of uranium in the drainage system using stream sediment. Uranium mobility analysis uses labile percent obtained from the ratio of total uranium and labile uranium, the total uranium value obtained from the measurement of X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry and the value of labile uranium obtained from measurement of labile fluorimetry. The sample taken from 4 potential areas based on radiometric value Map. The result of analysis shows that Ahu Sector has labile uranium anomaly >113.44 ppm, Pangasaan Sector with labile uranium anomaly >168.63 ppm, Takandeang Sector with uranium labile anomaly values >74.36 ppm, and Botteng Sector with uranium labile anomaly >84.23 ppm. The anomaly types identified from two sectors, namely Ahu Sector anomaly is related to the precipitation of dissolved uranium hydrolysates in stream deposit originating from Ahu lava and Tapalang breccia, while Takandeang Sector anomaly is related to the enrichment of in situ uranium in soil and Takandeang lava.
Language-By-Radio in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Richmond Edmun B.
Published: February 2019

In the summer of 1981, the author was engaged in pedagogicalresearch in language program development for the governments of Senegaland The Gambia. During that period, he further participated in an eight countrylanguage teaching survey throughout West, Central, and EastAfrica, under the sponsorship of the United States International CommunicationsAgency. Included in that survey was an analysis of the useof radio broadcasts as a means to teach foreign languages. This articlewill describe the language-by-radio programs in four countries, i.e.,Senegal, Burundi, Rwanda, and Kenya. Of special interest is the use ofradio to teach English.
Mission Consolidated Independent School District Computer Science Instructional Program
Authors: Davidson Craig , Maute Harry W.
Published: February 2019

A computer-based, four part instructional support program wasdeveloped for elementary and secondary students at MissionConsolidated Independent School District in Mission, Texas.Of particular importance because of its far-reaching implicationsin the field of elementary education is the CMI component whichrepresents a quantum leap toward recognition of the technicalsophistication of today's elementary school students.The student-controlled, electronic learning laboratory atMission, used to augment the Learning Lab Listening, Speaking, andReading Skills Program is believed to be the first such laboratory usedat the elementary level in the United States.
Dial Access Retrieval and the Adoption Process
Authors: Utley F. Knowlton
Published: February 2019

In an attempt to define effective procedures for theadoption of technological innovations, the authorconducted a study of the successes and failures of dialaccess retrieval systems. Because of the interesting andcontroversial history of this medium, the study sought todetermine why some schools chose this medium, how it wasutilized and modified, and why it failed in some instances.The survey instrument used in this study was sent to schoolsusing their systems and to schools where the systems hadbeen discarded. The 68% rate of return did producevaluable data for a multiple regression analysis.
Designing a Small Language Laboratory for the 1980's
Authors: Gunn James
Published: February 2019

When Rockford College needed a new language laboratory, it was necessary firstto decide how the lab was to be used and then how it was to operate. These decisionsdetermined the choice of equipment.
Computers as a Language Learning Tool
Authors: Ruschoff Bernd
Published: February 2019

The subject of CALL has only recently been introduced to language teachers inWest Germany. While in other European countries many institutions are involved inprojects dealing with the use of computers in language learning. The Audio-VisualMedia Centre (AVMZ), Bergische Universitat-GH Wuppertal, 5600 Wuppertal 1, isone of the few places in this country investigating various approaches to CALL.This article describes the general concept of the project and the kind of programsbeing developed and used. Furthermore, it is intended to solicit comments fromscholars and institutions in the USA and thus established contacts and initiate anexchange of ideas.
Illustrating the Demands of a Performance Test Through an Interactive Multimedia Syllabus
Authors: Coniam David
Published: February 2019

This article describes the rationale for and production of asyllabus (or 'test specification') document implemented viahyperlinked multimedia. The purpose of the multimediaprogram is to illustrate and exemplify the scales, descriptorsand criteria for the Classroom Language Assessment (CLA)component of the English Language Benchmark Test in HongKong- a newly introduced language certification test forteachers of English as a Second Language (ESL). TheCLA testis a performance test of EFigure lnglish, and is assessed on thejob; that is, as ESL teachers are teaching a live English lesson.
Strength in Numbers
Authors: Franz Judi
Published: February 2019

The Tech Team at the University of California, Irvine's SchoolofHumanitles fosters a collaborative environment that convertstechnology-reluctant faculty to the technology-receptive. Wehave created a culture of collaboration and free flow ofinformation between staff and faculty in the interest ofpromoting the incorporation of technology with Humanitiesteaching and research.Prior to the formation of the Tech Team, our efforts in the Schoolwere fairly disjointed and at times misguided. We are now ableto provide bettersupportand to implement new services basedon demonstrated faculty interest and need. Working togetheron the School-wide instructional technology budget allows usto provide complementary resources on a departmental basis,so that our efforts coincide rather than compete.We strive to redefine the computer lab as collaborative space byreinforcing the element of human communication. We willdiscuss lab design and management as means to achieve thisgoal.The HumaniTech team has been a model for a variety ofdepartments and schools on campus and for other universitiesto which members of its team have been invited to speak.HumaniTech's discipline-centered approach reaches facultyin ways that a central resource center cannot, and its staff teamworks in close collaboration with various campus-wide centerswith the combined goal of responding innovatively to everchanging instructional technologies.
Teacher-Led Inquiry and the Interactive Multimedia Foreign Language Lab
Authors: Garatti Marinella
Published: February 2019

This paper aims at sharing with different constituencies involvedwith the use of the multimedia language lab the experiences of a foreignlanguage instructor who found this setting to have significantapplications well beyond her expectations. In addition to its manybenefits often cited in the literature, she found the lab an effectivemeans for investigating the learning of her own students. Based onthe practical example of a study on the learning of the Italian subjunctivemood conducted by the author in an Intermediate-! levelclass, the paper stresses how multimedia labs can also be an effectivemeans for teacher-led inquiry and self-reflection, two areas whichhave become increasingly important in foreign language teaching,yet are insufficiently researched in our field.
Perceived Benefits of Technology Enhanced Language Learning in Beginning Language Classes
Authors: Carr Nathan T. , Crocco Kyle , Eyring Janet L. , Gallego Juan Carlos
Published: February 2019

This paper examines the perceptions of benefit of Technology EnhancedLanguage Learning (TELL) on students’ language learning, comfort &enjoyment, and increased confidence using technology at a large SouthernCalifornia University during one university term. Through a surveyadministered to 345 beginning language students, 11 tutors and 12instructors, and through selective interviews and classroom observations,several questions were examined: 1.) Perceived confidence, benefits, andcomfort/enjoyment with TELL for instructors, tutors, and students at thebeginning and end of the semester; 2.) Students’ perceived impact ofTELL between pre and post survey measures on second language skills,learning culture, student motivation to learn a language, and preparingstudents for class tests and quizzes; 3.) Whether or not target languageorthography, exposure to TELL, student gender, and instructors’ ortutors’ previous confidence in using TELL, impacted perception of benefitby students; 4.) Positive and negative aspects of incorporating a TELLcomponent in the language classroom for instructors and tutors. Theresults showed that incorporating TELL in a new, but limited, way in allbeginning level classes at one university was a positive experience formany participants, especially in the areas of comfort/enjoyment, andincreased confidence in using technology. However, unless tasks wereclearly tied to learning objectives, students did not recognize theirinstructional value.
The 'Virtual Language Lab' Virtually Painless, Simply Real
Authors: MacDonald Lunden
Published: February 2019

This paper discusses the technology that has inspired and guided the design of a ‘virtual language center,’ within the context of a major urban college. Specifically, a number of mobile and cloud-based resources will be proposed and discussed such as: Asynchronous writing computer-mediated communication; Collaborative publishing; Textbook specific technological assistance; Video interface; Virtual realities and cyber-real estate; social networking tools; and communication tools that function in tandem with other technologies. The present paper provides a detailed assessment of the implementation of a virtual language learning center at one institution alongside suggestions for implementing a host of similar technologies at other schools. The paper argues that portable technology in the language classroom is particularly beneficial to the student and the instructor, and how it brings the language classroom and curriculum into the realm of best practices for 21st-Century Learning.
The Stanford Non-Native Rapper Contest
Authors: Urlaub Per , Kautz Joseph
Published: February 2019

The Stanford Non-Native Rapper Contest is an annual event organized bythe Digital Language Lab at Stanford University. Every year, languageinstructors encourage undergraduate learners to engage in a creativeproject: learners receive the opportunity to compose rap music, writelyrics in the target language, produce videos, and share their clips via aYouTube channel. The response from undergraduate students has beenpositive: since the contest’s inception in 2008, almost 50 learners of worldlanguages and of less-commonly taught languages have participated, andtheir clips have been viewed by more than 30,000 internet users in lessthan three years. The first part of this article describes the evolution of theproject and outlines the roles of the language lab facilities and its staffmembers in organizing this collaborative learning environment. Thesecond part of the article will contextualize Stanford’s Non-Native RapperContest within current theoretical debates that relate to the acquisition oftranscultural competences and to alternative assessment in collegiatelanguage learning environments.
Sociocultural Theory-Guided College-Level Mandarin Chinese Hybrid Course Design
Authors: Jin Li
Published: February 2019

This paper explains how sociocultural theory (SCT), particularly its threekey concepts: mediation, zone of proximal development, and agency, canbe used to guide the course design of college-level 1st-year MandarinChinese hybrid courses. Specific examples are illustrated to demonstratehow three aspects of the hybrid course design: 1) learning materials andtasks, 2) teacher-student and student-student interaction, and 3)assessments, are guided from a SCT perspective. The feedback fromstudents enrolled in a college-level hybrid Mandarin Chinese coursesequence is also provided.
An Online Oral Practice/Assessment Platform
Authors: Fukada Atsushi
Published: February 2019

Despite its obvious importance, it appears that in many foreignlanguage programs, oral practice is not given as much time andattention as it deserves. Or perhaps it is more accurate to say thatforeign language professionals recognize the need for more oralpractice, but do not have at their disposal a convenient means toprovide it. An online oral practice/assessment platform, SpeakEverywhere, has been developed to fill this void. It allows instructorswithout special computer knowledge to quickly create video-basedspeaking exercises and quizzes for their students to work on outside theclassroom. The instructor can access the oral productions that thestudents submit to the system, and grade them or give individualfeedback on them either in text or audio or both. Using its flexible andeasy-to-use authoring sub-system, it is possible to create exercises ofvarious formats (e.g. Q&A, repeat after the model, structure drills,role-play, and oral reading).
Learner Agency, Motive, and Self-Regulated Learning in an Online ESL Writing Class
Authors: Zhang Jie
Published: February 2019

Online learning has become a viable popular alternative to traditionalESL writing classes over the past decade. However, the effectivenessand validity of online ESL learning remains controversial.Furthermore, most researchers have used surveys to assess studentperceptions of online learning. This study presents a case study of twoparticipants in an online ESL writing course at a university in theNortheastern United States. Using activity theory as a framework, Iexplore what makes a successful learner in an online environment andhow learner agency, motive, and self-regulation impact studentperformance and academic achievement in the online learning context.Data from different sources were collected to provide a triangulatedanalysis. Results suggest that learners who employ good self-regulationstrategies and are motivated to learn and adapt tend to benefit morefrom the online learning experience, while students who do not employsuch strategies and are motivated solely to fulfill a degree requirementare more likely to be frustrated. The results also reveal that thephysical distance created by technology could be a challenge for thosewho do not seek assistance from instructors or peers. In other words,learners need guidance and support on how to be self-motivated andself-directed in the online environment. I also discuss how to effectivelydesign and deliver an online ESL course.
Language Center Design and Management in the Post-Language Laboratory Era
Authors: Kronenberg Felix A.
Published: February 2019

This article is based on a survey sent to the IALLT membership and tomembers of all regional groups. Divided into 3 sections titled“Personal,” “Profession/Organization” and “Language Center,” thesurvey aims to provide an understanding of current trends and issues inthe field of language learning and technology, language center design,and language center management. Findings from the survey reveal adiverse field that differs greatly from institution to institution, one thatis trying to adapt to disruptive technological and pedagogical changesand to balance relatively stable physical spaces and structures withrapidly changing and unstable technological and educationalenvironments.
Effects of Oral Repetition on Learners’ Japanese Word Accentuation
Authors: Yoshida Kayo , Fukada Atsushi
Published: February 2019

Japanese word accentuation is a problematic area for learnersunfamiliar with a pitch accent system. Since accent locations areunpredictable, learners are typically told to memorize them by rote,which is a time-consuming, tedious, and demanding task. It wouldcertainly be ideal for learners to learn correct accentuation withoutexplicit instruction as they learn new words. This article reports on apreliminary study that examined effects of a computer-based onlineword repetition exercise on the learning of Japanese wordaccentuation. 41 students in their 10th week and 17 students in their12th week in a 2nd-year 1st-semester Japanese course took a pretest,followed by computer-based online word repetition practice on theSpeak Everywhere system, a posttest immediately after the practice,and a delayed posttest after one week (class-and-computer condition).Out of the same group of students now in a 2nd-year 2nd-semestercourse, 22 students took a pretest, followed by two posttests in their 5thweek (class-only condition). A paired t-test (two tailed) performed on13 overlapping subjects found a significant difference between the twoconditions (t=5.58, p<.001, Cohen’s d =1.9309). The online word repetition practice produced a significant gain in accentuation scores without explicit instruction, while classroom instruction alone was not sufficient to produce a significant gain.
Incorporating Facebook in an Intermediate-Level Chinese Language Course
Authors: Wang Shenggao , Kim Deoksoon
Published: February 2019

This qualitative case study examined four undergraduates in anintermediate-level Chinese language class. We investigatedparticipants’ perceptions of Facebook as a pedagogical tool in Chineselanguage learning and their engagement in free posting and onlineChinese communication on Facebook. Data include all participants’Facebook posts and comments, a semi-structured survey questionnaire,semi-structured interviews, and researchers’ online observations andfield notes. Our analysis revealed that participants engaged in a freeFacebook posting activity mainly through (a) affective expression, (b)interactive communication, and (c) group-oriented salutations. TheseFacebook-supported social interactions offered many opportunities forlanguage-learners to use Chinese in a relatively authentic environmentwhile carrying out familiar on-line activities. Participants alsoreported that they favored both the concept of free writing in Chineseand its integration into Facebook posting. The study suggests thatlanguage-learning tasks should be authentic and that the use oftechnological tools such as Facebook can provide such tasks.
Facebook as a Virtual Learning Space to Connect Multiple Language Classrooms
Authors: Sebastian Paul L. , Martinsen Rob A.
Published: February 2019

This study examined the potential of the Facebook group utility inassisting 54 university Spanish students and pre-service Spanishteachers as they explored their roles as teachers and learners.Participants represented two Spanish language classes and twoSpanish teaching methods classes at the university level. These classeswere combined into a Facebook group and student interactions wererecorded. A qualitative case study was used to frame the 12 weekresearch project. Data were collected from the Facebook group wall,weekly student reports, and a final optional survey (n = 42). Resultswere organized with respect to how participants used the Facebookgroup, how the virtual and physical learning spaces were connected,benefits of participation as perceived by the students, and genuinenessof student contributions. Recommendations are offered for thoseconsidering the implementation of similar virtual learning spaces asextensions of face-to-face foreign language or teacher trainingclassrooms.