bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação de desempenho para apoio à motivação e ao reconhecimento à pesquisa: uma proposta construtivista no ambiente universitário
Authors: Martins Vinicius Abilio , Ensslin Sandra Rolim , Damke Eloi Junior
Published: November 2023

Universidades que não possuem tradição em pesquisa podem experimentar desmotivação por parte de seus atores em relação à prática dessa atividade. A avaliação de desempenho (AD) pode servir como um mecanismo de reconhecimento e motivação para incentivá-los à realização da pesquisa. Este estudo objetivou estruturar qualitativamente um modelo de AD para uma universidade sem tradição em pesquisa. Utilizou-se como instrumento de  intervenção o Multi-criteria decision aid constructivist methodology (MCDA-C), norteado por uma abordagem construtivista. Dessa forma, pode-se construir o conhecimento necessário para a identificação dos 37 indicadores, sendo 08 para avaliação de cada curso, 15 para avaliação de cada docente e 14 para avaliação de cada discente, que representam  aspectos necessários e suficientes pelo coordenador-chefe da área de Pesquisa de uma universidade pública, localizada na região Sul do Brasil. Pelo fato de a Avaliação de Desempenho ser um fenômeno social, o conhecimento e as informações geradas pelo modelo estruturado serviu como um canal de comunicação e de possível modificação do comportamento dos docentes/discentes à partir do estímulo à pesquisa, com vistas à um desempenho organizacional mais competitivo.
Educação empreendedora na educação básica: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Uemura Marise Regina Barbosa , Vasconcellos Liliana , Silva Luiz Henrique da
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a literatura sobre educação empreendedora (EE) na educação básica. Foram escolhidas as bases Web of Science e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, resultando em 38 artigos publicados entre 1998 e 2019. A revisão identificou a concentração de artigos originados de países europeus e a predominância de periódicos da área de Administração & Economia, seguida por Educação. A análise de conteúdo identificou grupos temáticos: análise curricular, políticas e práticas pedagógicas; avaliação e efeitos de iniciativas; perfil empreendedor de alunos; e perspectivas teóricas e histórico da EE. Pontos relevantes e algumas oportunidades: (a) pouco é debatido sobre práticas pedagógicas; (b) concentração de países, com predominância europeia; (c) há espaço para mais pesquisas sobre efeitos de iniciativas de EE; (d) avaliação de iniciativas comparando práticas pedagógicas, conteúdos e formatos; (e) pesquisas nacionais em periódicos de maior impacto.
„Die Performance ist perfekt“
Authors: Meierotto Nicole
Published: November 2023

Zum flexiblen Schneiden, Einlegen und Verpacken von pflanzlich basiertem Käse setzt die Ziegler Käsespezialitäten GmbH auf eine ganzheitliche Lösung von GEA. Die moderne Maschinentechnologie ist, auf die im Vorfeld klar definierten, individuellen Anforderungen des Kunden ausgelegt. Das gewährleistet von Anfang an eine hohe Prozess- und Investitionssicherheit.
Konzepte zum Schutz von Klima, Umwelt und Ressourcen
Authors: Wenzel Horst
Published: November 2023

Der Fachkongress der LZ und der dfv Conference Group bot Mitte September über 100 Entscheidern aus dem Bereich Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement und -Strategie ein zweitägiges Top-Programm mit hochkarätigen Vorträgen und Exkursionen zu beispielhaft nachhaltig aufgestellten regionalen Unternehmen. Mit dabei als Moderator: packREPORT-Redakteur Matthias Laux.
Edeka attackiert Kellogg
Authors: Mende Jan , Bender Hanno
Published: November 2023

Der Konditionenstreit zwischen dem Cerealienhersteller Kellogg und Edeka eskaliert weiter. Die Hamburger fordern Schadenersatz in zweistelliger Millionenhöhe.
Arndt Geiwitz übernimmt Sanierung von Signa
Authors: Tewes Werner
Published: November 2023

René Benko übergibt die Kontrolle bei der Signa-Gruppe an den Sanierungsprofi Arndt Geiwitz. Zugleich appelliert der Firmengründer an die Stakeholder, das Unternehmen zu unterstützen.
Fressnapf will deutliche Preissenkungen durchsetzen
Authors: Hofmann Janine
Published: November 2023

Der Tierbedarfshändler Fressnapf fordert von Lieferanten deutlich günstigere Preise. 700 Artikel, hauptsächlich Eigenmarken, haben die Krefelder nun verbilligt.
Haribo nimmt Dämpfer in Kauf
Authors: Fries Tanja
Published: November 2023

Mit drei Preiserhöhungsrunden im Rücken wachsen Haribos Umsätze in Deutschland derzeit um knapp 15 Prozent. Der Marktanteil des Fruchtgummi-Herstellers geht dennoch leicht zurück – auch wegen des Preisstreits mit Lidl.
EW Group kauft weiter zu
Authors: Lenders Dirk
Published: November 2023

Mit der Übernahme des spanischen Beerenzüchters Planasa und dem Einstieg beim Landtechnikhersteller Nexat treibt die EW Group ihre Diversifizierung voran. Die Holding im Besitz der Familie Erich Wesjohanns zielt auf langfristigen Erfolg.
Gebindevielfalt als Voraussetzung für Klimaschutz
Authors: Wenzel Horst
Published: November 2023

2024 sollen die Verpackungsverordnung der EU und die Überarbeitung des deutschen VerpackG in Kraft treten. Der Gerolsteiner Brunnen fordert die Gesetzgeber in Berlin und Brüssel auf, die bewährte Gebindepraxis in Deutschland nicht „kaputt zu regulieren“.
Metro unterwegs zu „mehr Palette“
Authors: Wittenhagen Julia
Published: November 2023

In der Metro-Zentrale wird die Transformation zum reinen Großhändler bald auch optisch sichtbar: „Wir rücken enger zusammen“, beschreibt Personalvorständin Christiane Giesen den Umbau zum One Metro Campus. Er soll die Zusammenarbeit der elf Gesellschaften optimieren.
Marcher baut Export aus
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2023

Die Fleischbranche leidet in Österreich wie in Deutschland unter Imageproblemen, hohem Wettbewerbsdruck und steigenden Kosten. Die Marcher-Gruppe will vor allem den Export stärken – insbesondere in Deutschland.
Zeit für Schwammerl
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2023

Das Unternehmen Neuburger produziert erfolgreich hochwertigen Fleischkäse. Parallel setzt es auf die neue vegetarische Alternative Funghi Pad. Sie basiert auf selbst gezüchteten Kräuterseitlingen.
Salzburgmilch zieht positive Ökobilanz
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2023

Eine möglichst naturnahe Milcherzeugung hat für Salzburgmilch einen hohen Stellenwert. Zusammen mit der Universität für Bodenkultur in Wien wurde die artgerechte Haltung mit Grünfutter analysiert.
Almdudler stärkt seine Präsenz
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2023

Almdudler erweitert sein Vertriebskonzept. Eröffnet wurde ein Brandstore bei dem Online-Händler Amazon. Die Kräuterlimonade ist dort seit September erhältlich.
Vöslauer forciert Mehrweg
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2023

Der Getränkehersteller Vöslauer hat ehrgeizige Ziele. Vor allem Umweltschutz und Kreislaufwirtschaft hat sich das Unternehmen auf die Fahnen geschrieben.
Kritik an Wachstumskonzept
Authors: Pehl Patrick
Published: November 2023

Berlin. Beim traditionellen Apfelkabinett im Bundeskanzleramt wurde am Mittwoch von Cem Özdemir der agrarpolitische Bericht 2023 vorgestellt. Der Bericht kartografiert den agrarpolitischen Istzustand der vergangenen vier Jahre. Özdemir will Ernährungssouveränität und stellt sich dem bisherigen Wachstumsansatz entgegen.
Kein Tipping-Point in Sicht
Authors: Filko Nadine
Published: November 2023

Goslar. Dass die Wertschöpfungskette keine Kette, sondern ein komplexes Zusammenspiel der unterschiedlichen „Glieder“ ist, diese Erkenntnis scheint noch wenig revolutionär. Wohl aber, was sich daraus für die Erwartungshaltung an die Branche oder besser Branchen ergibt: Den einen Big Bang wird es nicht geben.
Biostimulanzien unter der Lupe
Authors: Waltmann Maximilian , Gatzen Sebastian
Published: November 2023

Bonn. Die Landwirtschaft sieht sich zahlreichen regulatorischen und wirtschaftlichen Herausforderungen gegenüber, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Reduzierung des Einsatzes von Mineraldüngern und synthetischen Pflanzenschutzmitteln.
Oberpfälzerin wird neue Mehlkönigin
Authors: Schultz Olaf
Published: November 2023

Frankfurt a.M. Unser Grundnahrungsmittel Nummer eins, das Mehl, hat eine neue Botschafterin: Anna-Theresa Ramsauer, Müllerstochter aus der Poschenrieder Mühle in Bruckdorf.
Stochastic Dual Coordinate Ascent for Learning Sign Constrained Linear Predictors
Authors: Nakajima Miya , Mochida Rikuto , Takada Yuya , Kato Tsuyoshi
Published: November 2023

Sign constraints are a handy representation of domain-specific prior knowledge that can be incorporated to machine learning. Under the sign constraints, the signs of the weight coefficients for linear predictors cannot be flipped from the ones specified in advance according to the prior knowledge. This paper presents new stochastic dual coordinate ascent (SDCA) algorithms that find the minimizer of the empirical risk under the sign constraints. Generic surrogate loss functions can be plugged into the proposed algorithm with the strong convergence guarantee inherited from the vanilla SDCA. A technical contribution of this work is the finding of an efficient algorithm that performs the SDCA update with a cost linear to the number of input features which coincides with the SDCA update without the sign constraints. Eventually, the computational cost O(nd) is achieved to attain an ϵ-accuracy solution. Pattern recognition experiments were carried out using a classification task for microbiological water quality analysis. The experimental results demonstrate the powerful prediction performance of the sign constraints.
Data Smoothing Filling Method based on ScRNA-Seq Data Zero-Value Identification
Authors: Jiang Linfeng , Zhu Yuan
Published: November 2023

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) determines RNA expression at single-cell resolution. It provides a powerful tool for studying immunity, regulation, and other life activities of cells. However, due to the limitations of the sequencing technique, the scRNA-seq data are represented with sparsity, which contains missing gene values, i.e., zero values, called dropout. Therefore, it is necessary to impute missing values before analyzing scRNA-seq data. However, existing imputation computation methods often only focus on the identification of technical zeros or imputing all zeros based on cell similarity. This study proposes a new method (SFAG) to reconstruct the gene expression relationship matrix by using graph regularization technology to preserve the high-dimensional manifold information of the data, and to mine the relationship between genes and cells in the data, and then uses a method of averaging the clustering results to fill in the identified technical zeros. Experimental results show that SFAG can help improve downstream analysis and reconstruct cell trajectory.
Teaching Reading Skills More Effectively
Authors: Koifman Julia
Published: November 2023

It is hard to disagree that reading is one of the most important skills in learning. Children learn to read very early, and before they start school, they are supposed to be able to read. Nevertheless, some of them struggle. For instance, some of them confuse letters or may have difficulty reading comprehension, while others may have difficulty remembering, which might be the consequence of learning difficulties (LD), for instance, dyslexia, one of the most common cognitive disorders. It often affects reading and language skills. Researchers have found out that about 40 million people in the USA suffer from dyslexia, but only about 2 million of them have been diagnosed with such a disorder. At the same time, about 30% of people diagnosed with dyslexia also suffer from autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to one degree or another
Topography and clinical implication of Wormian bones on dry adult human skulls in Telangana region
Authors: Chelli Sudhakara Babu , N. Bhimai Devi , P. Anuradha , K. Mohana Sandhya , K. Bhaskar
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Wormian bones vary in size, form and quantity and their occurrence is influenced by both genetic and environmental variables. Wormian bones are also seen in foetus ultrasounds during the antenatal period. The occurrence of much more than one sutural bone at the pterion is radiographically significant. The current study aims at the occurrence and topography of Wormian bones in the Telangana region and correlates them to other population groups.
 
Material and Methods: This study was carried out in 160 dry adult human skulls. Presence of these Wormian bones in sagittal, coronal, and Lambdoid sutures along with bregma, lambda, asterion and pterion were noted. The quantitative data is analyzed, and the images were captured.
 
Results:  Their incidence was 45 % while in 55% skulls they were absent. Their percentage was more in lambdoid suture (16.9%) followed by asterion (12.5%).  They were also observed in sutures like coronal (5.6%) and sagittal (1.9%). In pterion their occurrence was 3.12%. In bregma, none of the skull showed Wormian bones.
 
Conclusion: In the present study, incidence of Wormian bones (Wb’s) is 45% with a greater number of Wb’s observed in Lambdoid suture (16.9%). In the event of any interventions or investigations on the skull, topography of these bones is to be considered.
Ethanolic extract of Muntingia calabura L. as an antihypercholesterolemic by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in white mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Lidesna Shinta Amat Anita , Pieter Louis Wungouw Herman , Meliyuita Br Damanik Efrisca , Pakan Prisca , Indriarini Desi
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: A diet high in cholesterol causes hypercholesterolemia by elevating plasma cholesterol levels. Hypercholesterolemia causes an increase in cholesterol concentration within cells, resulting in membrane-altering lipid peroxidation. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is produced during lipid peroxidation to form peroxides and other free radicals. The present study aims to evaluate the potential of Muntingia calabura L. ethanolic extracts as a hypercholesterolemia agent by reducing MDA levels in hypercholesterolemic white mice (Mus musculus).
 
Materials and Methods: The present study has a true experimental design with a control group consisting only of post-test samples. The research utilized approximately 25 white mice (Mus musculus) randomly. These white mice were separated into five groups, consists of negative control (C1), positive control (C2), M. calabura L. ethanolic extracts at doses of 13 mg/20g/BW (C3), 26 mg/20g/BW (C4), and 52mg/20g/BW (C5). The concentration of MDA was measured on the 21st day of treatment using the TBARS method.
 
Results: The results indicated that the M. calabura L. extracts significantly (p<0.05) reduce the total cholesterol and MDA levels in the blood of white mice (Mus musculus). The evidence supporting this conclusion is based on the data obtained from mice that received various doses of M. calabura L leaf extract, specifically 13mg/20g/BW, 26mg/20g/BW, and 52mg/20g/BW. These doses already demonstrated a substantial reduction in MDA levels following the treatment.
 
Conclusion: In this research, it was found that the ethanolic extract of M. calabura L leaves effectively acted as an anti-hypercholesterolemic agent in mice with hypercholesterolemia. The assessment of its anti-hypercholesterolemic properties was based on the observation of reduced MDA levels. It is suggested that the leaf extract of M. calabura L contains a compound known as phytol, which is believed to have the capacity to inhibit hypercholesterolemia in white mice (Mus musculus).
An integrative approach to panuveitis- A case report
Authors: K. Shanti , G. Gopinathan
Published: November 2023

Uveitis is one of the major causes of blindness in the world. The International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG) defines panuveitis as a generalized inflammation of all three uveal organs (iris, ciliary body, and vitreous humour) based on anatomical location. The standard line of management of panuveitis involves the use of Immunosuppressive drugs, steroid therapy and NSAIDs.  We describe how an integrative approach can help a patient with bilateral panuveitis become less dependent on immunosuppressive medications. A 55-year-old female, diagnosed with bilateral panuveitis sought Ayurvedic treatment after being dependent on steroids for 3 years. She was managed with internal medicines and external therapies for 4 years. During quarterly follow ups in this time, her immunosuppressive drugs, DMARD and NSAID were all gradually tapered and withdrawn. The frequency of acute phases of the disease was considerably reduced and her vision markedly improved to normalcy. There was also significant improvement in her overall health status. Integration of Ayurveda with the conventional treatment can reduce the dependence on immunosuppressive drugs and also improve the quality of life of the patient.
Physical and psychological symptom burden from long Covid and correlation with clinico-radiological and biochemical profile of hospitalized patients with acute COVID-19 due to Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Revendran Jayamol , Narasimhan Meenakshi
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: It is crucial to identify the burden of post COVID long-term morbidity denoted as long-COVID. Our study aims to determine prevalence of Long-COVID and to identify indicators which can predict chances of developing this condition. The aim was to study the persisting symptoms and predictors for long-COVID in COVID-19 patients.
 
Materials and Methods: All patients hospitalized with acute COVID-19 infection from 1st April 2021 to 30th June 2021 with a positive RT-PCR were followed up through telephonic interview after 6 months of discharge. All clinical, laboratory, radiological data of patients during their hospital admission was retrieved from medical records. Current physical and psychological symptom burden (PHQ2 score) was recorded using a structured questionnaire and analysed.
 
Results: Total of 101 patients were included. Mean age was 47yrs. M: F=2:1. Mean number of hospital stays was 7 days (1-34). Most patients needed admission on 5th day of illness (1-14). Mean CRP, D Dimer and Ferritin values were 77 mg/dl, 335 ng/ml, 414 microgram/ml respectively. Mean CT severity score was 12. The most common comorbidity was Type 2 Diabetes mellitus followed by hypertension. Of all patients, 16 % had symptoms of long COVID during 6 months post COVID infection. Most common symptoms were fatigue (60%), exercise intolerance (55%), cough (18%), breathlessness (18%), disturbed sleep quality (10%) and depression in 9.7% of patients as assessed by PHQ2 Score (1-6). None of the predictive factors were found to have statistically significant correlation with development of Long- COVID.
 
Conclusion: Of all patients hospitalised with COVID-19, 16 % had long COVID symptoms at 6 months assessment. Majority had fatigue and exercise intolerance but one tenth also had depression. Multispecialty COVID follow up clinics are necessary for further assessment and rehabilitation of these patients.
Self-medication with herbal remedies: Understanding the practices in Iraqi society
Authors: Kadhim Kadhim Fadhil , Ali Aldabis Hussein , Hasan AL-Kabi Hayder , Tarq Sary Al-Maliki Nrjes
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: The growing popularity of herbal medicine can be attributed to its accessibility via the internet, cost, cultural tolerance, and perceived compatibility with the human body. However, since not all herbal therapies are safe or suitable for everyone, exercising caution and being mindful of the potential risks associated with their use are essential. The study aimed to determine the frequency, circumstances, and reasons for engaging in self-medication practices. It also explored the impact of self-medication and analyzed gender differences in anxiety levels related to such practices.
 
Materials and Methods: The research, based on a sample size of 1023 participants, sought to investigate and comprehend the patterns and characteristics of herbal self-medication across different sociological groups while considering various variables.
 
Results: The research findings indicated notable gender-related disparities in the prevalence of herbal self-medication. No significant differences were observed based on residence. Moreover, educational attainment played a role in self-medication practices, with individuals having postsecondary education displaying the highest inclination. Self-medication was observed across diverse health conditions, ranging from systemic illnesses to chronic diseases. Remarkably, 64.8% of women experienced anxiety, in contrast to only 20% of men, when engaging in self-medication practices. The research findings indicated a higher tendency for self-medication among women, with no notable variations based on residential location. Moreover, individuals with higher levels of education demonstrated a greater inclination towards self-medication.
 
Conclusion: The most prevalent reasons cited for self-medication were pain relief and inflammation management. Most participants reported experiencing no symptoms after self-medication, while women exhibited higher levels of anxiety.
Assessing miR-146a-5P with IL-6 and TLR-4 serum levels in diabetic mellitus patients with or without urinary tract infection
Authors: Q. Thajel Rabiha , M. Ghareeb Abdulameer , A. M. Al-Khafaji Qays
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affects glucose levels. This condition increases blood sugar and weakens immunity, damaging neutrophil function and urine antibacterial activity. IL-6 and TLR-4 are involved in inflammation and immune system control, while miR-146-5p may be a biomarker for diabetes. This study examines IL-6, TLR-4, and miR-146-5p in diabetics with and without UT infection.
 
Materials and Methods: In this study, blood samples were collected from 100 diabetic mellitus patients suffering from UTI in addition to 100 individuals apparently healthy as control. The serum levels of IL-6 and TLR-4 were detected using commercial BTlab brand ELISA kits. The plasma RNA expression level of the miR-146a-5p was determined by real time-PCR using a specific primer for miR-146a-5p with the U6 gene utilized as a reference gene.
 
Results: The results showed that diabetic patient’s group had a significantly higher response of IL-6 than controls (75.6 vs. 27.6). TLR-4 levels showed high levels in diabetic patients’ group (1.3) in comparison with the control group (0.441). Both IL-6 and TLR-4 levels showed a significant difference between the diabetic patients with UTI compared to control. The results revealed no-significant differences in the levels among both diabetic patients with UTI and patients without UTI. TLR-4 and IL-6 showed a significant inverse relationship while the relation between TLR-4 level and miR-146a-5p expression level showed a negative relationship.
 
Conclusion: The levels of IL-6, TLR-4, and miR-146-5p expression were found to be considerably greater in individuals with diabetes having UTIs compared to patients with diabetes alone. An inverse relationship existed between IL-6 and TLR-4 levels as well as between TLR-4 and miR-146a-5p. The expression levels of IL-6 and miR-146-5p were nearly equal.
Oral and maxillofacial tuberculosis: A review
Authors: Mallya  P. Sachidananda , Mallya Shrikara , Raju B. Appala
Published: November 2023

There are cases of oral tubercular lesions; however, they are scarce. Oral lesions were present in less than 0.1 percent of the tuberculous patients. the bulk of which mostly affected the tongue's base. The obscure location of the tuberculous lesions might account for the disparity in incidence of occurrence. Oral tuberculosis can occur as a primary or secondary infection. In younger individuals, primary lesions are rare, and they are frequently linked to enlarged cervical lymphadenopathy. Secondary oral Tuberculosis many a times exists together with pulmonary illness and can affect persons of all ages; however, those in their forties and fifties are more likely to be impacted. Organisms entering the sputum and subsequently entering the layers of mucosa via a tiny fissure on the surface of mucosa are the most likely mode of inoculation. The organisms were most likely transferred through the blood to the oral tissues and reached the submucosa before proliferating and ulcerating the overlying mucosa, while lesions of the mouth are less frequent, they are necessary for detecting and treating primary tuberculosis.
Emotional state of patients with mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kemelova Venera , Turgumbaev Dzhamalbek , Sydykova Gulina , Baigazhanova Gulzira
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Psychological effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequently present in addition to neurological deficits. The purpose of this study is to assess the emotional state of patients with mild TBI in the remote period.
 
Methods: This study included 78 patients aged 22–53 years with a reliably established diagnosis of mild TBI, with damage duration ranging from 1–5 years. The mean age was (34.6±3.2 years). To determine the level of anxiety, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale was used.
 
Results: The testing revealed that patients with suicidal thoughts had a significantly higher level of anxiety (34.2%) than the patients with TBI in the main group (27.5%). Comparative analysis between the two groups showed that the uselessness was more characteristic for suicides (22.8±0.14), who considered themselves completely useless than patients with TBI (20.6±1.36) with reliability (t = 4.2; p<0.001).
 
Conclusion: Due to the damage that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can do to the body, especially to mental health, it is important to use medical and psychosocial rehabilitation as early as possible in the treatment stage to figure out the type and severity of the psychoemotional disorder and correct the psychosomatic state using psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic effects.
Carbon dots and their biomedical and biotechnological applications
Authors: Rajendra Kunkulol Rahul , L.S. Hallur Raghavendra , Nanda Magare Vishnu , B. Sridhara Setty Poojitha , Shantaram Manjula
Published: November 2023

Carbon dots, a recently discovered nanoparticle, have attracted significant attention due to their impressive fluorescent, chemical, mechanical, photostability, and biocompatibility properties. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a novel form of nano-carbon whose use has recently surpassed semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in terms of their many desirable properties. This is because CQDs are made up of carbon atoms rather than carbon molecules. This study clarifies the process of synthesis and optical characteristics of CQDs, as well as current breakthroughs in CQDs’ biological applications in bioimaging. This paper discusses the recent developments and achievements reached with CQDs, with a particular emphasis on their synthetic pathways, chemical and optical characteristics, and biological applications, as well as fresh perspectives on this fascinating and potentially fruitful topic of research.
Clonidine premedication in spinal anaesthesia: Effect on hemodynamic status and vasopressor response to ephedrine
Authors: Shetty Vasantha , Deepak Aarti , B. S. Manisha , Koteshwara Reshma
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Premedication has an important role to play in modern day anaesthesia care. In recent years, clonidine is making a comeback as a premedicant. Our study deals with haemodynamic changes to ephedrine after oral clonidine premedication for spinal anaesthesia with or without concurrent administration of drugs.The purpose of the study is to know the effect of oral clonidine premedication on haemodynamic status including vasopressor response of ephedrine during spinal anaesthesia.
 
Materials: This is a prospective randomized double blinded controlled study. Sixty adult patients belonging to ASA I scheduled for elective surgery under spinal anaesthesia were selected. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups.Oral  clonidine 4 microgram/kg was administered to group A(Clonidine group, n equal to 30) and  90 and   one tablet of vitamin (placebo) orally 90 minutes was administered to group B (Control group, n equal to 30)90 minutes  prior to anaesthesia. On the morning of surgery, blood pressure was measured before premedication and 90 minutes later. Sedation and anxiolysis were  scored during clonidine premedication and 90th minute afterwards. When SBP decreased to 80% of the pre-spinal value, bolus IV injection of ephedrine 0.1 mg/kg was administered. After ephedrine injections, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at 1 minute interval for 10 minutes.
 
Results: Group A patients were found to have low SBP, DBP, MBP and HR when compared to group B. Intravenous ephedrine augmented blood pressure more than the control group. Statistically significant difference was found for SBP after 5 minutes, for MBP after 4 minutes of ephedrine administration and no significant difference was found for DBP.
 
Conclusion: We conclude from our study that clonidine administered orally in a dose of 4 microgram/kg as a premedicant increases the pressor responses to IV injection ephedrine 0.2 mg/kg in patients with subarachnoid block.
In vitro screening of ninety-five plant extracts for inhibition of Clostridium histolyticum collagenase and Bacillus polymyxa metalloprotease- analogous human MMPs
Authors: V. Jaiwal Bhimrao , K. Shaikh Faiyaz , W. Bradosty Sarwan , B. Patil Ajit , L.S. Hallur Raghavendra , Shantaram Manjula
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in many human diseases. Medicinal plants and their different constituents are utilized as therapeutic agents. In the present work we report the total phenolics content and screening of ninety five plant extracts for inhibitory activities against Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (ChC) and Bacillus polymyxa metalloprotease (BpM).
 
Materials and Methods: Total phenolics content from plant methanolic extracts were assessed using Folin-Ciocalteau assay. Screening of plant extracts for ChC and BpM inhibitory activities was performed using dot blot assay on X-ray film.
 
Results: G. superba fruit was observed to have the highest phenolics (257.58 ± 0.75 mg GAE /g tissue) content while C. nurvala stem was observed to have the lowest phenolics (0.468 ± 0.003 mg GAE /g tissue) content. Thirty two plants showed ChC inhibitory activities while twenty seven plants showed BpM inhibitory activities. From those plants twenty five plants have common ChC and BpM inhibitory activities. Most of plant barks were found to have a high amount of total phenolics as compared to other plant tissues while the most of plant leaves were found to have low amounts of total phenolics. Most of barks were found to exhibit inhibitory activities as compared to other tissue. Only 6 different leaves were found to exhibit inhibitory activity out of 42 different leaves. None of the root extracts exhibited inhibitory activities.
 
Conclusion: The inhibitory activity exhibiting plant extracts could be used as a significant source for the determination of novel drug candidates to treat MMPs related diseases.
Assessment of endocrine function in males with pre-diabetes
Authors: Agarwal Ashish , Hegde Anupama , Ahmad Afzal , Yadav Charu , A. Manjrekar Poornima , M.S. Rukmini
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is associated with various endocrine derangements and prediabetes is an intermediate condition between health and full-fledged disease state. Hormones of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid (HPT), Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA), Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axes and pineal gland were studied in males (n=105) with prediabetes.

 

Materials and Methods: Based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), the subjects were categorized as healthy controls, prediabetes, diabetes and various hormones were compared between these three groups.

 

Results:  Insulin levels showed a systematic increase from pre-diabetes to diabetes subjects. HPT axis had a semblance to “Primary hypothyroidism” with an increase in Thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (TRH), Thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) and decrease in fT4 and fT3 with rise in glucose levels. HPA axis detected high Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol in the overtly diabetic group while prediabetes values were comparable to control. The HPG axis demonstrated significantly high Gonadotropin-hormone-releasing-hormone (GnRH) in the diabetic group but not in the prediabetic. A graded increase in LH and significant decrease in testosterone and melatonin was observed with a rise in FPG.

 

Conclusion: Thus, it could be concluded as endocrine gland damage due to hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia causes multiple endocrine dysfunctions in prediabetes that aggravates, as the patient turns diabetic.
FUNCTIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Dantas da Silva Eduardo , Da Silva Santos Tatiana
Published: November 2023

This work is a review of the literature which used the main databases such as SCIELO and PUBMED, bringing together 7 articles in Portuguese and English from 2013 to 2023, on the benefits of functional training for the elderly, as the Aging is a set of morphological, physiological, biochemical and psychological changes that depend on the individual’s life history and genetics. It is common to observe a reduction in the percentage of lean mass in the elderly, which may be related to a decrease in muscle strength. Functional training is effective in strengthening muscles, improving mobility and balance, ensuring the prevention of falls and, consequently, improving the quality of life for the elderly.
Incrementos de patrimonio (continuación)
Authors: Sanz Gadea Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Intencionalmente hemos estudiado determinados negocios gratuitos inter vivos para, finalmente, centrarnos en el negocio jurídico prototipo: La donación.
La donación es el «acto por el cual una persona, con ánimo de liberalidad, se empobrece en una fracción de su patrimonio en provecho de otra persona que se enriquezca con ella» (Castán). Elemento esencial de la donación es la intención de hacer una liberalidad: El animus donandi. Sin el mencionado animus no existirá donación, por más que una persona pueda empobrecerse en provecho de otra que correlativamente se enriquece. No es relevante, por el contrario, el cauce a través del cual se verifiquen el empobrecimiento y el correlativo enriquecimiento y, en este sentido, se distinguen tres clases de donaciones: Reales (que deparan el enriquecimiento a través de la transmisión de la propiedad de una cosa); obligacionales (que lo hacen creando un crédito) y liberatorias (que lo realizan extinguiendo una obligación). Lo verdaderamente importante, que determinará que un incremento de patrimonio tribute por el Impuesto sobre Sucesiones o por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas es la existencia o no del ánimo de liberalidad.
Seguidamente vamos a examinar un conjunto de actos y negocios jurídicos que procuran un enriquecimiento a una persona y un correlativo empobrecimiento a otra y que, sin embargo, no pueden considerarse como donaciones.
El mercado único financiero y sus implicaciones fiscales en la esfera internacional
Authors: Gracia Espinar Eduardo
Published: November 2023

1.er Premio Revista Estudios Financieros 1993.Modalidad: Tributación.
El proceso de creación del Mercado Unico Europeo tras la ratificación del Acta Unica Europea por todos los Estados Miembros de las Comunidades Europeas (en adelante, CE) ha supuesto, o supondrá en los próximos años, la eliminación de gran número de obstáculos para la completa realización de las cuatro grandes libertades establecidas en el originario Tratado de Roma.
Así, el artículo 8 A del mismo (introducido por el art. 13 del Acta Unica) configura el mercado interior en su párrafo segundo, al señalar que «...implicará un espacio en sus fronteras interiores en el que la libre circulación de mercancías, personas, servicios y capitales estará garantizada de acuerdo con las disposiciones del presente Tratado». Este mercado deberá haber sido instaurado tras un período que terminará el 31 de diciembre de 1992, según el párrafo primero del mismo artículo, aunque en la práctica simplemente se han puesto las bases de lo que, con el tiempo, será un auténtico mercado único.
De entre las múltiples medidas propuestas para la consecución del Mercado Unico Europeo, ocupan un lugar muy destacado aquellas destinadas a la desregulación y liberalización del sector financiero (en suma, a la creación del Mercado Unico Financiero) debido a su importancia e influencia en las economías de todos los Estados Miembros.
Incrementos y disminuciones de patrimonio
Authors: Sanz Gadea Eduardo
Published: November 2023

El artículo 48. Uno regula determinados casos particulares que el legislador ha entendido que precisan de una norma particular. Las letras a) y b) se refieren a los valores representativos de la participación en fondos propios de sociedades o entidades.
La letra a) se refiere a los valores admitidos a negociación en alguno de los mercados oficiales de valores previstos en la Ley 24/1988, de 28 de julio, del Mercado de Valores, y la letra b) a los valores no admitidos a negociación en los citados mercados. Entonces, nos preguntamos: ¿En qué letra debemos incluir los valores representativos de la participación en fondos propios de sociedades extranjeras?
Análisis del resultado económico y financiero de las entidades públicas
Authors: Pina Martínez Vicente José
Published: November 2023

2.º Premio Revista Estudios Financieros 1993.Modalidad: Contabilidad.
El trabajo que presentamos tiene como principal objetivo el analizar el contenido informativo de la reforma del sistema contable público llevada a cabo por la Intervención General de la Administración del Estado (IGAE) a lo largo del año 1992, materializada en la emisión de siete borradores sobre principios contables públicos, de corte similar a los que ha venido emitiendo la Asociación Española de Contabilidad y Administración de Empresas (AECA), junto con la elaboración de un borrador del Plan General de Contabilidad Pública (PGCP), que representa la revisión del PGCP actual.
Los siete borradores sobre principios contables, abordan en profundidad la problemática contable en cuanto a criterios de definición, reconocimiento, cuantificación y registro de los temas más importantes y controvertidos de la contabilidad pública como son:
Documento n.º 1, «Principios Contables Públicos» donde se definen los objetivos de la contabilidad pública, entorno en que opera, principales características, fines de la contabilidad pública, usuarios de la misma y principios generalmente aceptados aplicables a las Administraciones Públicas.
Relationship between physical characteristics and 200-metre swimming performance in young amateur swimmers
Authors: Abbes Zied , Gomaa Abdel-Salam , Al-Marri Senaid , Haddad Monoem
Published: November 2023

Purposeː In swimming, elbow extension and flexion are among the most important movements involved in the front crawl upper body propulsive phase. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics of young swimmers in relation to 200-m performance. Methods: 16 male swimmers (Age: 13.13 ± 2.06y; Body Mass: 60.88 ± 18.58 kg; Height: 164.75 ± 13.77cm) underwent three laboratory tests followed by a 200m swim-test. Results: There was a significant relationship between the isometric elbow strength and 200-m speed (P < .05). Results also showed a significant relationship between the isokinetic contractions at angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec of elbow flexors and swimming performance (P < .05). However, the relationship between the isokinetic contractions at the angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec of elbow extensors and swimming performance was not significant (P > .05). There was no significant relationship between the values of the anaerobic and peak power and 200-m speed (P > .05) following the Wingate test. The variable “Isokinetic – Acceleration Time (msec) - Flexion 180°/sec” had a significant and negative effect on speeds (B = -.001, P-value = .029; R2 = .298, Adj R2 = .248), while the variable “Isokinetic - Acceleration Time (msec) - Extension 60°/sec” also had a significant and negative effect on speeds (B = -.006, p-value = .013; R2 = .368, Adj R2 = .323).Conclusions: Assessment of physical characteristics may help coaches understand the potential of their swimmers in a specific swimming event. Therefore, talented swimmers may be identified at an early age.
Keywords: performance; isometric; contraction; isokinetic; elbow; Wingate.
Impact of new professional profiles of the sports kinesiologist, preventive and adapted motor activities kinesiologist and of sports manager in the current university education
Authors: Altavilla Gaetano
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study aims to understand the impact that this reform has had on sport sciences masterly students in Italy, in terms of perceptions and opinions, and what kind of feedback it has had in their university education, in terms of coherence.
Methods: The sample represents 288 sport sciences masterly students divided into sports kinesiologist (N=162) mean age of 25.7 (± 5.7); kinesiologist of preventive and adapted physical activities (N=66) mean age of 27.3 (± 7.1); sports manager
(N=60) mean age of 27.4 (± 9.3). A questionnaire submitted through Google Forms and sent to masterly students of the University of Salento and Salerno was used. The data (age, gender, university provenance and current study path) were presented as means and standard deviations, while the percentage frequency of responses was reported for each item, using the chi-squared test. The level of significance was set with P <.05.
Results: The knowledge of the sport reform and the impact of the sport reform among the 3 masterly classes gave a not statistically significant result (P=.30; P=.63). The perceptions of job opportunities and strengths offered by this reform, for
each of the professional figures, gave a significant result (P=.0001; P=.0001). The coherence of one’s university education with the respective professional profile was found to be significant (P=.0001; P=.01). Conclusions: The knowledge of the sport reform is homogeneous in the 3 masterly classes analysed. Regarding perceptions
on job opportunities, sports kinesiologist (LM68) and preventive and adapted physical activities kinesiologist (LM67) courses are affected by the spaces already occupied by sports federations and health figures; while sports manager (LM47) showed some confidence in the new opportunities that this profile offers. Finally, some reflections emerged regarding the need to have a university education more coherence with the professional profile.
Keywords: reform, physical education, professional profiles, perspectives.
Model Klasifikasi Convolutional Neural Network Pada Sistem Penerjemah Audio Aksara Sunda
Authors: Darryl Nathanael  , Ito Wasito
Published: November 2023

Beberapa upaya telah dilakukan untuk melestarikan aksara Sunda dan salah satunya adalah pembuatan aplikasi pengenal aksara Sunda. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa teknologi pemrosesan gambar dapat digunakan untuk mengklasifikasi gambar berupa alfabet-alfabet aksara Sunda. Namun belum ada teknologi serupa yang mampu menghasilkan output berupa audio untuk memudahkan pengejaan dan pelafalan dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengusulkan penggunaan pemrosesan gambar untuk melakukan klasifikasi alfabet-alfabet aksara Sunda dalam bentuk tulisan tangan digital dengan output berupa teks dan audio menggunakan algoritma Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, karena menggunakan gambar sebagai data primer, kemudian dilanjut dengan pendekatan true experimental. Aksara dalam bentuk gambar tulisan tangan digital dimasukkan ke sistem untuk dilatih, kemudian sistem diberikan gambar di luar data pelatihan untuk diklasifikasi agar sistem dapat memprediksi label klasifikasi dari masing-masing alfabet. Sistem kemudian menerjemahkan masing-masing gambar yang dibaca ke dalam bentuk audio dan teks. Hasil berupa akurasi pengujian penelitian mencapai 96% dengan output berupa teks dan audio. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu memudahkan pengguna sistem dalam pelafalan kata yang terdapat dalam bahasa sunda, yang terkadang susah untuk diucapkan oleh orang di luar suku orang sunda serta ditampilkan terjemahan bahasa sunda dalam aksara sunda.
Considering State Reparation for Victims of Gross Human Rights Violations in Africa: Challenges in the Effective Enforcement and Implementation of Victims’ Rights
Authors: Imiera Dr. Prince Pius
Published: November 2023

Claiming reparations for human rights violation by states or by any governmental agencies, have been a vital challenge at local and international levels. Although, there has been few developments in theory and in reality of reparations for human rights violations by states in some parts of the world as will be seen later in this article, many of the violations committed in Africa, in places like South Africa, Uganda, Nigeria and elsewhere, during colonial times either remained unresolved, partly reparated or reparations denied completely. As a result of what has been said, issues concerning responsibility for gross human rights abuses have never been considered favorably in Africa. In some African states for example, the way states deal with past human rights abuses is often dependent on the way in which political change has occurred and the way the state deals with the tensions between justice, truth and reconciliation. Beyond the foregoing, irrespective of the legal requirement to afford reparation which in itself makes reparation a vital component of the underlying need to respect victims’ rights to justice and to underscore the role of law in society, reparation serves a number of purposes. One of such purposes include but not limited to victims’ right to recover and/or receive compensation or reparation for past violations; helping to restore the disequilibrium between those whose rights have been violated and society which typically underpins human rights violations. More 6so, assisting in victims’ rehabilitation and taking measures to prevent recurrence of violations will help victims overcome trauma, restore confidence in the legitimacy of the justice system and the affirmation of the rule of law.
Uji Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Nipis Citrus aurantifolia (Christm) Swingle Terhadap Vibrio sp.
Authors: Prasetya Indra Adi Wira , Aziz Aziz , Ekawati Evy Ratnasari , Pradana Muhammad Sungging , Batati Nadiah Al , Pratiwi Esti Rizkiana
Published: November 2023

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is one of the herbal plants that is rich in benefits, especially as a herbal medicines. Besides of lime fruit, lime peel also has antibacterial properties such as essential oils which contain flavonoids which can inhibit bacterial growth. This research utilizes lime peel which will be extracted as a test material. The purpose of this research is to determine the antibacterial potential of lime peel extract against Vibrio sp. at various concentrations. This research used the well-diffusion method using MHA as a test medium to determine whether lime peel extract can inhibit the growth of Vibrio sp. Various concentrations and penicillin as a positive control used in this research to determine which concentration has a greatest potential for inhibiting the growth of Vibrio sp. Result of this study used qualitative analysis by comparing the clear zone size produced on the medium. The obtained result shown that 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% concentration of lime peel can forming a clear zone which mean they can inhibit the growth of  Vibrio sp. The best concentration used to inhibit Vibrio sp. is 100% concentration which produce 23.7 mm clear zone on MHA medium. Lime peel extract can be used to inhibit Vibrio sp. growth based on the research result.