bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
حق مہر میں افراط و تفریط اور معاصرپشتون معاشرے پر اس کے اثرات(ضلع چارسدہ کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ)
Authors: . Zia Ur Rehman , Dr Fida ur Rahman
Published: December 2020

Nikah (wedlock) is the only legalized way of physical interaction between a man and woman. It plays an important role to satisfy the instinctive needs of man and woman and also ensure procreation. Dower (Mahar) is one of the basic conditions of Nikah. It is a token money that manifests dignity of wife and shows the commitment of the husabnd that the responsibility of earning rests on his shoulders. The aim of this study is to  highlight the traditions regarding Mahar in contemporary Pashtun society in District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data was collected through questionnaire from married people, both male and female, to know about the customs and traditions of contemporary Pashtun Society regardinging Mahar. Analysis was done by using descriptive statistics i-e data table. The  study shows that most of the people are aware of the Islamic principles regarding Mahar as an obligation but still there is inconsistenct between oral conviction and deed with trference to the  payment of Mahar. Dower is considered as a mark of respect for women in Islam. There is the tradition of giving gold as dower that is paid at the time or after the wedlock.
اسلام اور مسئلہ قومیت، بعض پہلوؤں سے جائزہ
Authors: Binori Syed Ahmed Yousuf , Zahidi Dr Zahid Ali
Published: December 2020

Islam is a global religion of nations that expresses its universal message to all human kind. It condemns the division of mankind on the basis of race and colour. It is a religion with total guidance on the premises of human nature. It is not against mutual recognition of people having a common past, cultural or religious heritage therefore when we study nationalism in the light of Islam, we arrive at a conclusion that Islam, however, is opposed to all the attitudes that lead to pride, oppression of rights and jingoism on the basis of nationalism. But the concept of feeling oneness, unity and common ground which abide by the rules of ethics and involves affection towards a nation or country are not forbidden rather commendable in Islam.
تحریکِ پاکستان میں پیرآف بھرچونڈی شریف کاکردار
Authors: Raza Dr Ahmad , Iqbal Dr Hafiz Muhammad Arshad
Published: December 2020

The shrine of Hafiz Muhammad Siddique named as KHANQAH-E-QADRIA is serving the Muslim Ummah since1258 AH at Bharchondi Sharef,Sindh. All Saints of the shrine served the people spiritually, socially and politically. The Shrine played his significant role in the freedom movement of Subcontinent. Third Saint of this Shrine Peer Abdul Rehman (Bhoral Saen) participated in freedom movement at Sindh level. According to Dr Ghulam Ali Alana; Peer Bhoral Saen played great role for Pakistan Resolution in Sindh legislative assembly. He convinced all Muslim members of Sindh assembly to vote for Pakistan Resolution. He made Jama’at Ihya-e-Islam and Tanzeem Al Masha’ekh to support freedom movement. His great struggle for Pakistan become successful in August 14, 1947.The Shrine always made his effort for establishing peace and harmony in Pakistan. This article aims to highlight the national services of the Peer Abdul Rehman (Bhoral Saen) for Pakistan.
الشيخ ناصر الدين الألباني ومكانته العلمية في مجال علم الحديث
Authors: . Shahnawaz , Azhari Dr. Naeem Anwar
Published: December 2020

Islam is the Deen that fits to the man's nature. Allah Almighty sent his various messengers to convey His Commandments to the mankind. For His final Command-ments, Allah Almighty sent Prophet Muhammad (SWA).He also introduced His personalityas a explanatory status in Quran, This act has been mentioned on several occasion in Holy Quran which is fully agreed by the whole Umaah. For this, Holy Quran and hadith share the same importance for the guidance of Muslims. The companions of Rasool (SAW), Tabi’ in, Tabi al- Tabi’in and Muhdseen tried their level best to collect and do rearrangement of  the Hadith., according to their potentialMohedseen compiled the collection of Hadith  at different places during different time periods. This collection of Hadith is known as Sihah, Sitta in Islamic history. With the passage of time, there are so many controversial personalities who tried to damage the importance of this Islamic castle. Moreover, there came some personalities who didn’t have the command on Hadith and its sciences. They even brought their own changes in this regard. Among such names, Al- Sheikh Nasir ur Din Albani is the one, who challenged the authenticity of SihahSitta and other books of Hadith such as Al- AdabulMufrid and Al TarghebwaTerhaib etc. But Allah Almighty always sent such people who defended the matters related to the authenticity of Haidth. In this very article, Sheikh Al bani , his knowledge, his research and his challenges related to the authenticity of Haidth will be analyzed.
Issues and Problems of Muslim Minorities in Europe (A Case of British Muslim Community)
Authors: Muddasar Muhammad , Saeed Dr. Riaz Ahmad
Published: December 2020

This piece of paper examines the existing position of Muslim minority in England with reference to their challenges, issues and problems, as well as this study reveals the solution and recommendations to solve these issues. The Muslims are one of the biggest communities of Europe in Britain. They are living and settled here since long.  They have many important contributions in every field of life even the sitting Mayer of London is a Muslim. It doesn’t mean they have no problem. They are facing lots issues and discrimination in every field of life, especially they are being deprived in the field of economy. Practising Muslims face a wide variety of challenges, even they do not have enough freedom of religion, freedom to offer open prayer, build mosques, keep beard and wear traditional dress at work. Women wearing the veil caused all kinds of issues and are practically banned for certain jobs (e.g. teaching and the police). Islam has dietary requirements that can make deciding what’s acceptable and not acceptable but at work all Muslim workers are not being offered Halal food. Islam is deadly against interest but in the UK the Muslims are unable to avoid themselves from it as no job is interest free. It is perceived that the Muslim minority is politically, economically and socially deprived in the UK. Thus, it’s the dire need to solve the problems of the Muslim communities in all over the West especially in Britain. The analytical and critical research methodology is adopted with mix method approach in this study.
The Concept and Role of Money in Modern Economy: An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Shah Hafiz Moazzum , Bukhari Dr. Syed Abdul Ghaffar
Published: December 2020

Money has received a great deal of attention among Muslim jurists, because of its relevance to shariah issues such as zakat, usury, and sale, etc. These issues are definitely of great importance for all Muslims. This article proceeds with a discussion of classical concept of money as envisaged by early Muslim Jurists and their different point of views about the application of the term money. In second part, the concept and conditions of money according to modern Muslim Jurist and emergence of Islamic currency have been discussed. This part of the article also covers the comparative study of the role and functions of money in both conventional and Islamic economics system. The functions of money as discussed by the modern economists have been discussed by the early Muslim Jurists in detail. The last part of this study consists of the conclusion and findings of this article.
Methodological Problems of Teaching Arabic to Non-Native Speakers in Indonesia
Authors: Mukhtar Ilham , Fauzi Jamal
Published: December 2020

The Arabic language is a decent place in Indonesian society because it is a religious language that coincided with the entry of Islam in this country. The growing interest in it through the ages and continued to try to raise its status continuously until the field of education witnessed a remarkable development in the last decade. However, this status does not necessarily mean that this language has received what it deserves as a religious and foreign language from the engineering and policy of advanced education. The current status of Arabic language education in Indonesia is a transitional phase, as some promising developments are beginning to take place on the one hand, and it is still facing a number of thorny problems on the other. The teaching of Arabic in most institutes in Indonesia is done in a way that explains the rules and the translation of texts into the Indonesian language. In addition, the evaluation system used to measure the learner's linguistic achievement is largely focused on linguistic aspects. The teaching of Arabic language on such a method is a traditional trend and it has to be changed and developed, and since some of the significant shortcomings related to the curriculum, it requires searching for the places of this deficiency in the curriculum of teaching Arabic in the institutes. The framework of the study is determined in the problems of the curriculum of the Arabic language in terms of objectives, content, method and means of education and evaluation. The study will take its place in the language institutes of the Asia Muslims Charity Foundation (AMCF) in Indonesia.
Monitoring Management of Arabic Language Teaching in Al-Azhar Cairo Islamic Elementary School Palembang
Authors: Sabana Rendi
Published: December 2020

Arabic language is such an important language for non-Arab countries like Indonesia where its majority of population is moslem and they are the biggest moslem by number in the world. Al-Azhar Islamic Elementary School Palembang has implemented the valuable Al-Azhar Cairo curriculum and applied Arabic language as its learning language and used it for teaching and learning. Monitoring management in this school means an effort and a management for Arabic language teaching that students can achieve better results for them as well as evaluate their learning system effectively. The aim of this research is to analyze the monitoring management of Arabic language teaching in this Islamic elementary schools. This research is descriptive qualitative research and it’s done after collecting, analyzing and interpreting data and some research objects by descriptive method and collecting monitor-and –comparative-data. The data were taken from the headmaster of the school, Arabic language teachers as well as the students. This research concludes that the Arabic language teaching in this school is determined to good with good introduction and monitoring elements. But it still needs some improvement.
Los nuevos bibliotecarios
Authors: Gibson Percy , Málaga Luis
Published: December 2020

Discurso de los alumnos egresados de la Escuela de Bibliotecarios a cargo de Percy Gibson. Discurso a nombre de los egresados de Luis F. Málaga
Reglas elementales para organizar una biblioteca pequeña
Authors: Ortíz de Zevallos Carmen
Published: December 2020

El propósito esencial de estas líneas es ofrecer, tanto a los encargados de bibliotecas de todas clase, por modestas que sean, como a los particulares, las nociones indispensables para que en el incipiente estado actual de los estudios bibliotecarios en el Perú, puedan organizar y catalogar debidamente los libros que tengan a su custodia.
Talamantes, prócer de América (1765 - 1809) : su vida, su obra y su bibliografía
Authors: Romero Emilia
Published: December 2020

Breve reseña de la vida del fraile limeño Melchor Talamantes, precursor y protomártir de la independencia mexicana.
Catálogo clasificado y catálogo diccionario
Authors: Aguayo Jorge
Published: December 2020

Este ensayo no responde sino al deseo de contribuir al esclarecimiento de una de las cuestiones en que anda más desorientada en la opinión de los bibliotecarios de Latinoamérica. Nos referimos a los sistemas que pueden ser usados en la organización del catálogo que ha de consultar el público de una biblioteca. La no concluída polémica entre los defensores de las dos formas más conocidas de catálog: clasificado y diccionario (y en cierto sentido también el alfabético-clasificado)
Sugerencias para organizar la sección de publicaciones periódicas y folletos en una pequeña biblioteca
Authors: De Velezmoro Abigail G.
Published: December 2020

Desarrolla los métodos y procedimientos para la organización de la sección de publicaciones  periódicas y folletos en una pequeña biblioteca. Para localizar y delimitar el campo de esta clase de publicaciones señala las definiciones de "serie" y "periódico", que da la Asociación Americana de Bibliotecas (A. L. A.). El autor explica, desde su experiencia, el procedimiento de selección, adquisición, registro, clasificación, catalogación  y  arreglo de las publicaciones periódicas y folletos en una pequeña biblioteca.
Como se organizan el Archivo y la Biblioteca de un diario
Authors: Escarcena Arpaia Rosa
Published: December 2020

Desarrollo de las normas aplicadas en la organización del Archivo y la Biblioteca de un diario. La autora toma como base los conceptos expuestos en su informe sobre las acciones de organización realizadas  en el Archivo y la Biblioteca del diario local "La Crónica".
La protección a la propiedad intelectual
Authors: Aliaga y de la Puente  José Agustín
Published: December 2020

Capítulo de una tesis presentada a la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Examina la situación de  la propiedad intelectual en América.
La Biblioteca Nacional de Lima (1943-1945)
Authors: Basadre Grohmann Jorge
Published: December 2020

Primera parte del informe de gestión (1943-1945)  del Dr. Jorge Basadre Grohmann, director encargado de la reconstrucción y reorganización de la Biblioteca Nacional tras el incendio producido en mayo de 1943.

Como preámbulo Basadre narra su relación con la Biblioteca Nacional iniciada en 1914 o 1915; luego menciona cómo las razones patrióticas  lo llevaron a aceptar la dirección de la Biblioteca Nacional luego del desastre y las condiciones que formuló aquella vez para aceptar este importante compromiso.
Diego de León Pinelo contra Justo Lipsio
Authors: Gerbi Antonello
Published: December 2020

Continuación y fin: v. Fénix, N° 2, pp. 188 y sgg.) Una de las primeras polémicas sobre el Nuevo Mundo. En esta edición se publican los Apéndices titulados: Justo Lipsio y la Inquisición de Lima, Justo Lipsio y la apología de la cultura mexicana por Eguiara y Eguren; y una Nota Iconográfica que complementan el interesante  artículo del doctor Antonello Gerbi sobre la figura de Diego de León Pinelo y Justo Lipsio
La Biblioteca Nacional de Lima (1943-1945)
Authors: Basadre Grohmann Jorge
Published: December 2020

Conclusión del informe de gestión (1943-1945)  del Dr. Jorge Basadre Grohmann, director encargado de la reconstrucción y reorganización de la Biblioteca Nacional tras el incendio producido en mayo de 1943.

Esta sección del informe, cuya primera parte fue publicada en el número 2 de esta revista, contiene información referente a los siguientes temas: Relaciones administrativas. Adquisiciones. Registro de la producción bibliográfica peruana: a) Libros y folletos; b) Periódicos y revistas; c) Publicaciones en serie. Las publicaciones oficiales peruanas. Clasificación. Catalogación. Estado de la Biblioteca Nacional en julio de1945. Necesidades inmediatas. Planes futuros.
Un viaje a la América Latina
Authors: H. Evans Luther
Published: December 2020

Carta de Luther H. Evans, Director de la Biblioteca del Congreso de Washington. Publicada en el boletín interno de los empleados de esa institución.

El Director de la Biblioteca del Congreso de Washington, entre otras ciudades de América Latina,  visitó Lima con el objeto de hacer la entrega oficial a la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú de una colección de libros reunidos, tanto de fuentes gubernamentales como privadas, para contribuir a la restauración de la colección destruida por el fuego en mayo de 1943 al quemarse el edificio de la Biblioteca Nacional.
Bibliografía sobre Biología de Altitud
Authors: Solano Juana María
Published: December 2020

No se sabe cuáles son, exactamente, las potencialidades que permiten asegurar en qué consiste la aclimatación y los procesos adaptativos. Pero, la historia y el estudio de las poblaciones autóctonas, de sus migraciones y de su conducta, muestran que, hombre de los Andes y ambiente geográfico están tan estrechamente vinculados que mantienen válida, a través de los siglos, la frase de Galeno: "El hombre es un todo con su ambiente".

La bibliografía que va a continuación se refiere, únicamente, a los trabajos de autores nacionales que se encuentran difundidos en las publicaciones del Perú y en la literatura de muchos países extranjeros.
Clasificaciones Médicas
Authors: Summers Maggie
Published: December 2020

Todas las clasificaciones generales conocidas y usadas por las bibliotecas, tienen designado un lugar apropiado para los libros de medicina; existen además muchas clasificaciones médicas que pudiéramos llamar especiales o propias, elaboradas y usadas por las distintas bibliotecas según especialidades.

El trabajo que se publica en la presente edición de Fénix se ocupa de las clasificaciones más conocidas, tanto generales como especiales, siendo ellas, de las generales, Dewey y Library of Congress y de las especiales, Boston y Cunningham.
La de cuatro mil
Authors: Yerovi Leónidas N.
Published: December 2020

Según Luis Fabio Xammar, Leónidas N. Yerovi se destaca en el siglo XX como un alto exponente de nuestro teatro costumbrista. "Emparentado espiritualmente con Segura, y sin tener nada de común con Pardo y Aliaga, no es un continuador sino un renovador del teatro nacional. Entendió un teatro de carácter genuinamente popular, como fue todo el nervio de su obra".

En la presente edición de Fénix se publica la obra de Yerovi titulada “La de cuatro mil”, comedia en un acto y en verso, estrenada en la segunda sección del Teatro Principal de Lima, el jueves 10 de diciembre de 1903, y sucesivamente representada doce o catorce veces, ante el entusiasmo del público y de la crítica.
Bibliotecas Públicas y desarrollo rural : proyectos de la Red de Bibliotecas Rurales de Huancavelica
Authors: Tumbajulca Quispe Santos
Published: December 2020

Revisa los proyectos de las exposiciones del la Red de Bibliotecas Rurales de Huancavelica en el marco del I Seminario Internacional de Bibliotecas Públicas y Desarrollo Rural.
Aculturación, inculturación e interculturidad : los supuestos en las relaciones entre “unos” y “otros”
Authors: Mújica Bermúdez Luis
Published: December 2020

La aculturación, la inculturación y la Interculturalidad son proyectos y prácticas sociales que suponen un conjunto de conceptos que permanecen implícitos en los procesos de formación de un grupo, en la constitución de una nación o de una sociedad mayor. En este ensayo las tres categorías representan modelos de intervención o relación social entre grupos humanos, a los que por simplificación llamaré culturas. Estos grupos pueden ser políticos, religiosos, económicos, sexuales, étnicos, raciales, etc. Aquí subrayamos, de modo general, lo que vendría a ser una suerte de encrucijada general de los "proyectos" sociales, donde intervienen concepciones, intereses y metas de los que interactúan, en tanto que participan en un mismo proceso de intercambio a partir de sus prácticas concretas.
Estudio de las bibliografías elaboradas por los estudiantes universitarios de pregrado: la evidencia del análisis de citas
Authors: Vilchez Román Carlos
Published: December 2020

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Pautas para la conservación de colecciones fotográficas: notas acerca de un curso
Authors: Mori Julca Jason E.
Published: December 2020

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La obra plástica de José María Eguren en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú
Authors: Roel Mendizábal Margarita Ivonne
Published: December 2020

Explora la obra artística de José María Eguren : su actividad fotográfica, y la colección de pinturas y acuarelas que guarda la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú.
El emperador Adriano y las bibliotecas
Authors: López Eguren Isabel Cristina
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo está basado en la obra de Marguerite Yourcenar Memorias de Adriano. En esta novela la autora describe la vida del emperador romano Publio Elio Adriano, nacido en Itálica en el año 76 d. C., territorio cercano a Sevilla, y que ejerció su reinado en el siglo I de la era cristiana. La historia tiene como punto de partida la carta de Adriano a su amigo Marco contándole de la enfermedad incurable que padece, motivo por el cual retrocede en eltiempo y decide narrar su biografía. En ella describe la vida cotidiana de Roma, Grecia y las provincias conquistadas de Oriente como Persia, Siria y Egipto; es por su admiración hacia la cultura helénica que a Adriano lo llamaban el Griego. Es necesario mencionar que la relación de los intelectuales con el poder político fue muy intensa, especialmente entre los siglos II-I a. C., tiempo en que se desplegó el pensamiento helenístico, y que coincide con la gran expansión del Imperio Romano. Dentro de este contexto debemos ubicar a Adriano, tanto como hombre de gobierno como de cultura.
Pablo Joseph de Arriaga y la extirpación de las idolatrías (1617-1622) : un análisis a su archivo privado descubierto en el tomo B352 de la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú
Authors: Martínez Céspedes Jimmy
Published: December 2020

Analiza los manuscritos que pertenecieron a Pablo Joseph de Arriaga y que representan nuevos aportes documentales para el estudio de las campañas de extirpación de idolatrías.  El archivo se encuentra entre los fondos de la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú.
Preservación y acceso al patrimonio bibliográfico y documental en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú: recuperación de los materiales afectados en el incendio de 1943
Authors: Díaz Sánchez Nicolas
Published: December 2020

Analiza y revisa el proceso de recuperación de los libros afectados por el incendio en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú en el año 1943.
Encuentro Nacional de Bibliotecas Comunales : un espacio para el fortalecimiento de las experiencias bibliotecarias en comunidad
Authors: Concepción Cuenca Alan
Published: December 2020

Repasa las ponencias y conclusiones del I Encuentro Nacional de Bibliotecas Comunales realizado el 10 y 11 de noviembre del 2017 en Lima, Perú.
Los fondos documentales de la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú : la organización y catalogación de los manuscritos sin procesar de los siglos XVI-XX
Authors: Martínez Céspedes Jimmy
Published: December 2020

Describe las labores del Proyecto Inventario de Manuscritos sin Procesar (S. XVI-XX) que se desarrolló entre abril de 2016 y julio de 2018. Manuscritos que han sido registrados siguiendo el estándar internacional de normalización descriptiva: «Norma Internacional General de Descripción Archivística», ISAD (G).
Institucionalidad y agentes sociales en el patrimonio cultural documental peruano. Reflexiones desde la gestión cultural y el marco internacional
Authors: Cabala Banda Pamela
Published: December 2020

El patrimonio cultural sirve de insumo clave para la construcción de identidad de cualquier nación. Por esta razón, hoy en día se aborda su salvaguarda haciendo referencia a los conceptos de patrimonio colectivo y conciencia patrimonial que nos permiten proteger como sociedad nuestro legado cultural. Desde mediados del siglo XIX, se han emprendido un conjunto de iniciativas internacionales y nacionales que han buscado resguardar el ingente legado documental del mundo, creándose nuevos espacios de cooperación en América Latina, especialmente a finales de los 80, y fortalecidos con la creación del programa Memoria del Mundo para América Latina y el Caribe (MOWLAC) en el año 2000. 
El presente artículo busca desarrollar un estado de la cuestión de la institucionalidad en torno al patrimonio cultural documental y los agentes sociales intervinientes. Centra el estudio en el caso peruano, pero en un marco analítico iberoamericano e internacional. Se emplea una metodología teórica-práctica y analítica-sintética para la revisión de la literatura científica, su análisis y sistematización a la realidad patrimonial estudiada.
Communication Skills among Undergraduate Students at Al-Quds University
Authors: Sabbah Suheir Suliman , Hallabieh Fadwa , Hussein Ola
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to investigate the communication skills among undergraduate students at Al-Quds University. The researcher obtained responses from (193) undergraduate students enrolled in B.A. program. The researcher used the questionnaire of Hamidat (2007) which composed of (32) statements divided into four areas: listening skill, speaking skill, the skill of understanding others, and controlling emotions skill. The results revealed that university students have achieved a high level of communication skills in three dimensions (listening, speaking, and understanding others). It also showed a medium level in controlling emotions. Moreover, the results showed that there were no significant differences in the level of communication skills according to gender, faculty, or academic year.
O status da sociologia escolar: o que pensam os alunos?
Authors: Bodart Cristiano das Neves , Tavares Caio dos Santos
Published: December 2020

A Sociologia Escolar vem, nos últimos anos, sendo atacada de diversas formas, tendo sua presença no ensino médio ameaçada sob o argumento de não ser importante. A importância de uma disciplina, segundo a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, está relacionada em preparar os alunos para o exercício da cidadania e para o mercado de trabalho, o que envolve, em alguma medida, a inclusão no ensino superior. Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa de mensuração do status atribuído à disciplina de Sociologia no ensino médio por discente, considerando sua importância quanto: i) à grade curricular do ensino médio; ii) ao mercado de trabalho; iii) ao cotidiano e; iv) ao Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem). Foi realizada uma pesquisa amostral delimitada a uma população de 640 estudantes que cursam o 3º ano do ensino médio em oito escolas localizadas no município de Maceió/AL. Os resultados desta pesquisa atestam a importância de sua manutenção na grade curricular do ensino médio.
Effect of Fascia Penetration in Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Conduction
Authors: Yoon Mi-Jeong , Park Hye Min , Won Sun Jae
Published: December 2020

Objective To evaluate the effect of fascia penetration and develop a new technique for lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) conduction studies based on the fascia penetration point (PP) identified using ultrasound.Methods The fascia PP of the LFCN was localized in 20 healthy subjects, and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were obtained at four different stimulation points—2 cm proximal to the PP (2PPP), PP, 2 cm distal to the PP (2DPP), and 4 cm distal to the PP (4DPP). We compared the stimulation technique based on the fascia penetration point (STBFP) with the conventional technique.Results The SNAP amplitude of the LFCN was significantly higher when stimulation was performed at the PP and 2DPP than at other stimulation points. Using the STBFP, SNAP responses were elicited in 38 of 40 legs, whereas they were elicited in 32 of 40 legs using the conventional technique (p=0.041). STBFP had a comparable SNAP amplitude and slightly delayed negative peak latency compared to the conventional technique. In terms of the time required, the time spent on STBFP showed a more consistent distribution than the time spent on the conventional technique (two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, p<0.05).Conclusion SNAP of the LFCN significantly changed near the fascia PP, and stimulation at PP and at 2DPP provided high amplitudes. STBFP can help increase the response rate and ensure stable and consistent procedure time of the LFCN conduction study.
Comparison of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Upper Limb Recovery Among Patients With Recent Stroke
Authors: Doris Miu Ka Ying , Kok Ching , Leung Sau Shan , Chan Elaine Y. L. , Wong Elaine
Published: December 2020

Objective To compare the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on upper limb function recovery among patients who recently had stroke.Methods Subjects with recent stroke (within 1 month) were randomized to rTMS (n=25) and tDCS (n=26) applied over the non-lesioned hemisphere for three sessions per week, followed by tailored upper limb rehabilitation training for a total of 2 weeks. The primary outcomes were changes in the Motor Assessment Scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer arm score test, Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), hand grip strength, and modified Barthel Index at weeks 2 and 4. Both therapists responsible for training and assessment were blinded to the intervention allocated.Results There was an improvement in all the motor performance scales among both groups (p<0.001). These improvements persisted at discharge. However, there was no significant difference in any of the assessment scales between the two groups. The rTMS group showed a statistically non-significant greater improvement in MAS, 9HPT, and handgrip strength than the tDCS group.Conclusion Both interventions produce a statistically significant improvement in upper limb function. There was no statistically significant difference between the two intervention methods with respect to motor performance. It is suggested that a larger study may help to clarify the superiority of either methods.
The Future of Refugee and Displaced People: A Post Covid-19 Perspective
Authors: Hossain A N M Zakir
Published: December 2020

The article observes the current changes of the refugee crisis after the effect of COVID 19 that can lead to a growing crisis of more than 79.5 million refugee and displaced people across the world. The study aims to examine the prevailing and forthcoming challenges of refugees and displaced people. A systematic review was followed to conduct the study and articles were selected based on their inclusion criteria. There is a growing need to understand the refugee crisis coupled with the necessity to design practical resolutions. The study found institutional and financial support are the main drivers for the refugee management in their distress voyage. These are challenged due to the adverse effect of the COVID 19 epidemic and the current downturn of the world economy. The study tries to stress the array of institutions that are working on the support for the refugees and displaced people that are challenging and can result in a crisis in the future. The paper concludes with an argument about the changing scenario of policies for migration which are restricting and changing due to the existing pandemic which demands synergistic performance within the government to manage the crisis.
Physicians Attitudes Towards Abortion of Fetuses with Severe Disabilities in Jordan
Authors: Qutishat Fajer Ibrahim , Alzyood Khaleel Mahmoud , AbdulHadi Nahida Mohsin
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to know the attitudes of physicians toward abortion of fetuses with severe disabilities in Jordan, where the attitudes is investigated by taking into account six variables (gender, age, major, years of experience, workplace, and marital status). In order to achieve the aims of this study, a questionnaire of attitudes toward abortion of fetuses with severe disabilities were used to collect data from 199 physicians. The results showed that the arithmetic mean of physicians toward abortion of fetuses with severe Disabilities in Jordan in total degree was in intermediate degree with arithmetic mean (2.01) and standard deviation (0.28). Also it indicated that there no statistically significant differences between the physicians in the attitudes toward abortion of fetuses with severe disabilities due to gender, age, and the workplace. But there are statistically significant differences between physicians in the attitudes due to major, years of experience, and marital status.
Psychological Well-being of Police Officers and Its Impact on the Level of Job Commitment and Quality of Social Relationships
Authors: Alkhawaldeh Areen Mohammed Alghzewat , Alkrimeen Ayman Ahmad
Published: December 2020

This study aimed at examining the effect of an employee's sense of psychological well-being at work and the quality of social work relationships (the relationship between colleagues and the relationship with superiors) on the level of job commitment; the study was conducted on 80 police officers working in the Police College (Qatar), four measures were used to measure study variables. The regression analysis results indicated a positive correlation between the sense of psychological well-being at work and career commitment to the high level of social relations at work. Note that this study makes a set of significant contributions to the Arab work environment, whether at the theory or practice level. The study's most important results indicate the necessity of giving social work relations the appropriate attention, given its significant role in several organizational and individual outputs, which departments are rarely interested in.
Long-Term Changes in Spatial Patterns and Life-Stage Structure in a Population of Senecio umbrosus Waldst. et Kit. Along With the Transformation of Grassland Vegetation
Authors: Czarnecka Bożenna
Published: December 2020

This paper was a part of studies conducted within an island population of the ragwort Senecio umbrosus (White Mt, southeastern Poland), a vulnerable element of xerothermic grasslands. Special attention was paid to the effects of expansive grass encroachment vs. grassland burning episodes on spatiotemporal patterns and life-stage structure of individuals in the population. The population traits were investigated nine times from 1990 to 2010, within three permanent patches differing in soil properties, initial floristic composition, grassland cover (particularly the cover of Brachypodium pinnatum), ragwort cover and density, shrub/tree cover influencing light intensity (full light–shadow), and grassland burning (zero–six episodes). There was a drastic decline in ragwort abundance within all the study patches accompanied by a decrease in the population clustering coefficient and a gradual equalization of the spatial distribution of ramets. The abundance was negatively correlated (PCA analysis) with an increase in B. pinnatum cover and positively correlated with the number of burning episodes, which temporarily delimited persistent litter cover and facilitated recruitment of new individuals. The decrease in ramet abundance ranged from 3.8 times (medium-high, moderately shadowed grassland; six cases of burning) to 8.3 times (high, dense, and shadowed grassland; four cases of burning). The patch of low, loose, sunlit, and never-burned grassland with the greatest initial density of ragwort (a 6.8-fold decrease in abundance) has evolved with time into a high and dense grassland with a greater coverage of B. pinnatum and Calamagrostis epigejos, additionally shaded by shrubs and young trees.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma—20 years of experience in endoscopic treatment
Authors: Szyfter Witold , Balcerowiak Andrzej , Gawęcki Wojciech , Juszkat Robert , Wierzbicka Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a rare, benign tumor; however, it shows local aggression and leads to profuse nosebleeds.
Aim: The aim of the study is to present 20 years of experience in endoscopic treatment of this tumor.
Material and methods: The material covers 71 patients treated in the years 1985–2019 at the Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Poznań. In these patients, either the classic external approach, or the double approach – external with the use of endoscopes, or only the endoscopic approach was used. In the entire population, external surgeries were performed in 37 patients, double access in 8 and endoscopic access in 26 patients.
Results: Complete resection of the tumor was achieved in 51 patients (72%). The remaining 20 patients (28%) had a residual or recurrent tumor and all of these patients underwent reoperation.
 Conclusions: The endoscopic approach with the use of various optics and navigation allows for the removal of not only small tumors but also much more advanced ones. Pre-operative evaluation of imaging results is extremely important to avoid incomplete tumor removal. Individual development of an operating strategy, a wide range of optics and various surgical methods, and especially endoscopic ones, are the guarantee of therapeutic success.
Family structure and forgivingness: The mediating role of insecure attachment
Authors: Mróz Justyna , Kaleta Kinga
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the structure of the family of origin and tendency to forgive by investigating attachment as a potential mediating variable. Polish version of the FACES-IV (Olson & Gorall, 2003; Margasiński, 2015); the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (Thompson et al., 2005; Kaleta, Mróz, & Guzewicz, 2016), the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Read, 1990; Collins, 1995/2008; Adamczyk, 2012) were used. The sample consisted of 91 individuals aged 19–26 (58.25% females). The results showed that maladaptive family of origin structures are associated with a lower level of dispositional forgiveness. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between
adaptive family of origin structures and dispositional forgiveness. Furthermore, the results indicate that insecure attachment is a mediator in the relationship between the maladaptive family of origin structure and dispositional forgiveness.
Prototipação de uma interface para um aplicativo de plantio e cultivo de hortas residenciais
Authors: Diniz Igor Ramon Fernandes , Coutinho Jarbele Cássia da Silva
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho descreve um processo utilizado para a prototipação de uma interface de um sistema mobile que auxilie as pessoas nas atividades de plantio e cultivo de hortas residenciais. Para desenvolver os protótipos, seguimos um processo constituído de quatro etapas: elicitação de requisitos, criação de personas, técnica de Card Sorting e prototipação. Ao longo do artigo, apontamos as ferramentas adotadas e discutimos os artefatos gerados.
Gamificação da Prática de Coding Dojo no Ensino-aprendizado de Programação de Computadores: Relato de Experiência com Alunos de Curso Técnico Subsequente do IFPA Campus Cametá
Authors: Ribeiro José
Published: December 2020

Disciplinas relacionadas a programação de computadores em cursos da área de informática, são geralmente recebidas com dificuldades pelos alunos, destacam-se principalmente disciplinas de Fundamentos da Programação e Linguagem de Programação I e II. O objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar uma proposta de gamificação da prática de Coding Dojo, chamada Dev Dojo, desenvolvida com a finalidade de proporcionar ao aluno uma experiência significativa, inclusiva e contextualizada no processo de ensinoaprendizagem de Programação de Computadores.
Desenvolvendo uma plataforma com Gêmeo Digital baseada na web para análise de braço robótico
Authors: De Oliveira Daniel Fernandes G. , Dantas Rummenigge Rudson
Published: December 2020

Este artigo descreve a criação e os resultados de simulação de um sistema para criar gêmeos digitais baseados na web. O sistema possui um simulador visual 3D que roda diretamente no navegador, suportando visualização de dados com painel e realidade aumentada. Para validar o sistema, um braço físico robótico foi construído com o LEGO, no qual foram colocados sensores conectados a um microcontrolador, o qual envia os dados para um banco de dados na web. Sua contraparte digital foi criada em nosso simulador.
Machine Learning in the Climatic Database: Support Vector Machine’s Algorithm to Map Environmental Events in Months of the Year
Authors: De Medeiros Gilvandro , De Santana Junior Orivaldo , Luiz John
Published: December 2020

With the dissemination of Artificial Intelligence (AI), it becomes common the application of machine learning algorithms (ML) to model and solve problems. In this context, we intend to validate the performance of the ML Vector Support Machine (SVM) algorithm using a public climatic database for the city of Natal. The methodology for this consisted of using the data of said base to train and test the algorithm, placing the information referring to the month of the year in function of the other variables of a given climatic event. Once validated, it is considered promising to deepen the study and application of computational intelligence for meteorological and environmental purposes.
O uso do Whatsapp como ferramenta de trabalho pelos docentes da UFERSA Angicos e suas consequências na saúde
Authors: De Oliveira Aline Carau , De Macêdo Edinadja Mayara , Forbeloni Jacimara Villar , Fonseca Ramon Williams Siqueira
Published: December 2020

A tecnologia pode facilitar as rotinas e funções das atividades de trabalho, amenizando o impacto das responsabilidades, mas ao mesmo tempo trazem a dependência, podendo provocar distúrbios e compulsões. A docência é uma das atividades que extrapola o tempo de dedicação ao trabalho e o WhatsApp colabora para ampliar essa rotina, causando uma hiperconexão do professor com sua função profissional, podendo provocar danos a sua saúde. Assim, o presente estudo, ainda em andamento, tem como objetivo verificar o uso dessa ferramenta de comunicação no espaço do ensino, investigando seus efeitos na saúde dos docentes da UFERSA campus de Angicos/RN.
Achenwalls Theorie der Verbindlichkeit. Quellen- und entwicklungsgeschichtliche Erkundungen
Authors: Schwaiger Clemens
Published: December 2020

Achenwall’s textbook on ‘ius naturae’, first published in 1750 and subsequently often reprinted, was certainly one of the most powerful lecture-compendia in the second half of the 18th century in Germany, not at least because of its momentous reception by Kant. If one takes a closer look, it turns out - according to the thesis of the present con­tribution - not to be a finished product from the beginning, but a typical ‘work in progress’. Its incessant process of growth across the various editions is to be demon­strated and followed up here by means of the guiding concept of ‘obligatio’, a key term of natural law in general during the time of the Enlightenment. What will be in detail analysed is the definition, the classification of obligation and its role as the highest prin­ciple. As a result of this investigation we see a change from an ethic of perfection, ori­ginally marked by Wolff, to an ever stronger emphasis on the will of God.
Wilhelm Canaris
Authors: Suhr Heiko
Published: December 2020

Wilhelm Canaris war von 1935 bis 1944 Leiter des militärischen Geheimdienstes der deutschen Wehrmacht, eine schillernde Persönlichkeit. Heiko Suhr untersucht intensiv die Jahre 1905 bis 1934 im Leben von Wilhelm Canaris – von seiner Ankunft bei der Marine in Kiel als Seekadett bis kurz vor seiner Ernennung zum Chef der deutschen Abwehr 1935. In dieser Zeit baut Canaris für die Marine ein V-Mann-System in Südamerika auf, er war Geheimagent in Spanien und U-Boot-Kommandant und führte nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg zahlreiche Geheimdienstoperationen in der ganzen Welt durch. Heiko Suhr leistet in diesem Buch die erste wissenschaftliche Analyse der Persönlichkeit und des beruflichen Werdegangs von Wilhelm Canaris. Er findet Erklärungen dafür, warum ausgerechnet Canaris als einziger Marineoffizier seiner Generation bewusst für den Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus eintrat – bevor er wenige Wochen vor Kriegsende im KZ Flossenbürg gehängt wurde. Die Erkenntnisse aus den Jahren bis 1934 lassen interessante Rückschlüsse zu auf sein Verhalten in der Zeit von 1935 bis 1945.
Tonmeister – Vermittler zwischen Kunst und Technik
Authors: Schmidt Peter
Published: December 2020

Das faszinierende und zugleich für die musikalische Praxis zentrale Berufsfeld der TonmeisterInnen steht im Focus des vorliegenden Buches. In 26 Interviews werden die oft sehr individuellen Biographien ausgewertet, Bezug nehmend auf die Entwicklungen und Konzepte der TonmeisterInnen-Ausbildung in Deutschland. Neben der Erläuterung der individuell oft sehr unterschiedlich gewichteten technischen, musikalischen wie psychologischen Fähigkeiten wird die Frage behandelt, wie TonmeisterInnen selbst ihren Beitrag an einer veröffentlichten Aufnahme beurteilen.
Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains Isolated from Clinical Samples to Various Antibiotics
Authors: AK Kenan , ARABACI Çiğdem
Published: December 2020

Objective: It was aimed to determine the antibiotics resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) strains which are important causes of mortality and morbidity with increasing resistance rates.

Methods: Antibiotic susceptibilities of 80 S. pneumoniae specimens identified from samples sent from various clinics in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Isolated strains were identified by classical methods and BD Phoenix 100 system (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic, USA) and their antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) document. Penicillin, cefotaxime and meropenem susceptibilities were examined by gradient test; while erythromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, tetracycline, vancomycin and linezolid resistances were analyzed by disc diffusion method.

Results: A total of 80 isolates including 32 blood samples, 29 respiratory samples, 10 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 5 vitreous, 3 pleural fluid and 1 abscess aspiration were included in the study. Penicillin resistance in CSF isolates was 70% and there was no resistance to cefotaxime and meropenem. Of 70 non-CSF isolates, 15 (21.4%) were moderately resistant, 14 (20%) were highly resistant and 41 (58.6%) were susceptible to penicillin. Cefotaxime resistance was detected in 2 (2.9%) of these isolates. Intermediate values were found in 2 (2.9%) isolates and remaining 66 (94.2%) isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime. There was no meropenem resistance in non-CSF isolates. Resistance rates of erythromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin and tetracycline in all isolates were 32.5%, 27.5%, 42.5%, 3.7% ve 30% respectively. There was no resistance to vancomycin and linezolid.

Conclusion: Penicillin resistance is high in S. pneumoniae strains and penicillin has no place in empirical treatment of pneumococcal meningitis. Periodic monitoring of infectious agents and antibiotic susceptibilities in certain regions may guide clinicians to initiate empirical treatment.
Association of Fragmented QRS Morphology With Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: AKSU Ekrem
Published: December 2020

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of arrhythmia in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Fragmented QRS (fQRS) morphology has been proposed as an ECG marker to predict the risk of paroxysmal AF in various conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between risk of AF development and P dispersion (Pd) and fQRS morphology in HD patients.

Methods: After analyzing the 24-hour Holter recordings of the patients, they were divided into 3 groups as without atrial runs (WAR), short atrial runs (SAR), and silent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episode (SPAFE). In ECGs taken before HD, the presence of fQRS morphology was investigated, and Pd was measured.

Results: As a result of the analysis of the 24-hour Holter ECG recordings, it was determined that 12 of the 74 patients had SAR, while 6 had SPAFE. The duration of hemodialysis was significantly longer in the SPAFE groups than the WAR group (p=0.026). It was found that fQRS morphology could be an independent predictor of SAR (odds ratio=0.056; 95% CI, 0.006–0.548; p=0.013). The incidence of fQRS morphology was significantly higher in the SPAFE group than the WAR group (p=0.002). However, this significance did not continue in the multivariate analysis. Pd was similar between the groups.

Conclusion: This retrospective study is the first study that investigated the association of fQRS morphology with SAR and SPAFE in HD patients, and it showed that fQRS morphology may be useful in distinguishing HD patients with a high AF risk.