bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Medical Treatment on Endometrioma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lim Y.C. , Hassan S. , Razali N. , Hamdan M.
Published: July 2024

Background: Ovarian endometriomas have been shown to have a negative effect on fertility. There is a dilemma on the timing for surgery either before or after the fertility treatment. By delaying surgical treatment for infertile patients with endometriomas, medical treatment has become an important choice for these patients. The objectives of this review were to compare the efficacy of medical treatment on endometrioma size and endometriosis-associated pelvic pain (EAPP).

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis examining women who have endometrioma and underwent medical therapy for endometrioma size reduction. The primary outcome measure was endometrioma size reduction. Secondary outcome measures EAPP.

Results: We included 14 studies for the meta-analysis. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis examining women with endometrioma who underwent medical therapy for endometrioma size reduction. The primary outcome measure was endometrioma size reduction. Secondary outcome measure is EAPP. The majority of the studies were non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs; 9/14), and five were RCTs. Women who received medical treatment have a significant endometrioma size reduction in diameter compared to women not receiving any medical treatment or placebo (MD −9.66[Formula: see text]mm; 95% CI [−13.85, −5.46], three studies, 467 women, [Formula: see text]%) and a reduction in visual analog scale (VAS) for EAPP (MD −2.64; 95% CI [−3.31, −1.97], two studies, 338 women, [Formula: see text]%). Women who received dienogest (DNG) treatment have a significant endometrioma size reduction in diameter (MD −4.61[Formula: see text]mm; 95% CI [−9.08, −0.15], three studies, 220 women, [Formula: see text]%). Compared to women receiving other medical treatments, women receiving DNG treatment had more VAS reduction of EAPP (MD −0.46; 95% CI [−0.62, −0.31], four studies, 451 women, [Formula: see text]%).

Conclusions: The use of medical therapy is associated with endometrioma size reduction and a reduction in endometriosis-related pain when compared with no medical treatment given. With the availability of various medical options, surgery can thus be avoided to minimize the risk of damage to the ovarian reserves.
Structural and Spectroscopic Analysis of Reddish-Orange Emitting (Y1−x)2WO6:xEu3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.11) Nanophosphors for Anti-Counterfeiting Application
Authors: Gupt Udayan , H. B. Premkumar , Nunez John Peter J. , Hadimani Ravi L. , Dayal Vijaylakshmi , Prabhu T. Niranjana
Published: July 2024

Exploring luminescent materials that meet the necessary specifications for anti-counterfeiting applications has been the focus of extensive research. In this study, we delve into a double perovskite-structured material, (Y1−x)2WO6:xEu3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.11), synthesized via a chemical combustion method. The crystallographic studies using the X-ray diffraction pattern confirm the crystallization of the nanophosphors into the monoclinic phase with a P2/c space group. The Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies provide insights into the nature of chemical bonding within the material. UV visible spectra are analysed to determine the optical energy gap. Notably, the photoluminescence emission spectra of the Eu3+ incorporated phosphors exhibit a distinct emission peak at 609 nm, corresponding to the 5D0 → 7F2 electric dipole transition of the Eu3+ ions. The optimal photoluminescence intensity is observed for the x = 0.07 nanophosphor, with estimated chroma coordinates of (0.500, 0.316), placing it in the reddish-orange region of the chromaticity diagram. The incorporation of Eu3+ enhances magnetization, attributed to the presence of Eu3+ ions in the 7F2 state. The luminance stability is a critical factor for long-term performance, the x = 0.07 phosphor was analysed under rigorous physical and chemical testing and is found to be stable, making it a favourable candidate as a luminescence pigment for anti-counterfeiting applications.
An Insight into the Impact of Nano CuCo2O4 Doping on the Optical and Dielectric Performance of PMMA/Carbon Nanoparticles
Authors: El-Naggar A. M. , Heiba Zein K. , Kamal A. M. , Ibrahim R. M. , Mohamed Mohamed Bakr
Published: July 2024

In the present study, novel functional properties were achieved for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) through loading with carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as well as varying quantities of CuCo2O4 nanoparticles. The blends obtained were subjected to different characterization techniques. Extensive investigations of different optical properties were carried out, covering linear and nonlinear optical properties. After the incorporation of CNPs/CuCo2O4 in the host polymer matrix, the absorbance, reflectance and refractive index exhibited improvements, while continuous reductions in both direct and indirect optical band gap energies were observed. Significant improvements in the linear and nonlinear optical parameters were observed with increasing CuCo2O4 doping levels. Dielectric measurements provided insights into the impact of CuCo2O4 content on the ac conductivity, energy density, dielectric properties, and electric modulus across all blends. The sample doped with 1.5 wt% exhibited the highest dielectric constant. In conclusion, the optical and dielectric properties of the PMMA/CNPs/x wt% CuCo2O4 blends make them promising candidates in optoelectronics and photocatalysis applications.
Clostridium perfringens Bacteraemia following Normal Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Zhaffal Mokhamad , Salame Anastasia , Awwad Johnny
Published: July 2024

Clostridial uterine infections and bacteraemia are of a rare occurrence, especially in the absence of risk factors. However, when encountered, they can carry significant morbidity and mortality rates. We present a rare case of C. perfringens bacteraemia in the immediate postpartum period of a noncomplicated vaginal delivery. Prompt diagnosis and early initiation of treatment were imperative for ensuring a safe recovery of the patient. Despite the fact that bacteraemia caused by C. perfringens is an infrequent event in the uneventful postpartum phase, maintaining vigilance for the potential occurrence of such an event allows for early detection and timely administration of antibiotics and resuscitative measures.
Warning Function of Frank’s Sign in Pre‐Existing Cardiac Disease Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Mingzhe , Zhang Yujing , Huang Jiang , Liao Geping , Qian Wei , Zheng Yaofu , Peng Xiaoping , Zhu Jianbing
Published: July 2024

Frank’s sign (FS) refers to a diagonal skin fold between the tragus and the outer edge of the earlobe. FS has been identified as an independent variable in coronary artery disease (CAD). Young patients with FS and previous myocardial infarction are still rarely reported in clinical studies. We report the case of a 49‐year‐old male smoker and diabetic, with a history of myocardial infarction, who presented to the emergency department due to 2 h typical cardiac chest pain. His urgent electrocardiography (ECG) showed ST elevation, and cardiac biomarkers were elevated after admission. A diagonal earlobe crease (DELC) was observed in physical tests. The preliminary diagnosis considered acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Subsequently, acute coronary artery angiography demonstrated a slit‐like contrast defect in the proximal right coronary artery (RCA), with stenosis and occlusion in the distal segment. The percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed immediately. The patient’s chest pain symptoms were relieved significantly after intervention. Our case indicates that FS should be highly regarded as a routine cardiovascular clinical examination, which can be effortlessly applied and be easily interpreted for screening to suspect the presence of ischemic heart disease. This may set strategies for primary screening in a younger population and prompt early diagnosis and treatment.
Poisson XRani Distribution: An Alternative Discrete Distribution for Overdispersed Count Data
Authors: Borbye Seth , Nasiru Suleman , Ajongba Kingsley Kuwubasamni
Published: July 2024

In this article, a one‐parameter probability mass function called Poisson XRani is proposed by combining the Poisson and the XRani distributions. A wide range of distributional properties such as the shape of the probability mass function, probability generating function, factorial moments, moment generating function, characteristic function, raw moments, dispersion index, mean, variance, coefficient of skewness, and coefficient of kurtosis are investigated. It is proven that the proposed probability mass function can easily handle overdispersed and right‐skewed count observations with heavy tails. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation techniques are used to estimate the unknown parameter of the proposed distribution and a simulation study was conducted to examine and analyze the performance of the maximum likelihood estimation procedure based on sample size, absolute bias, relative absolute bias, and root mean square error. The usefulness of the proposed distribution is assessed using two distinctive real datasets. These applications reveal that the new distribution provides an adequate fit compared to the other eight discrete distributions.
Impact of an Organizational Climate for Evidence‐Based Practice on Evidence‐Based Practice Behaviour among Nurses: Mediating Effects of Competence, Work Control, and Intention for Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation
Authors: Huo Miao , Qin Haihong , Zhou Xiaohua , Li Jinghua , Zhao Bolun , Li Ye
Published: July 2024

Background. Despite the emphasis on the importance of implementing evidence‐based practices, nurses did not adopt this approach as a standard. For those who have attempted to implement evidence‐based practice in health care settings, the behaviour is rarely simple or straightforward. Therefore, exploring the mechanism that motivates nurses’ evidence‐based practice behaviour is essential to promote this practice. Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the organizational climate for evidence‐based practice on evidence‐based practice behaviour among nurses through the mediating role of evidence‐based practice competence, work control, and the intention to implement evidence‐based practice. Methods. This study consisted of a cross‐sectional design and convenience sampling to recruit 641 nurses employed in 6 hospitals in China. Five self‐report instruments were used to collect the data. A structural equation model was adopted to verify the research hypotheses. IBM SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used for statistical analysis of the data. Results. The organizational climate for evidence‐based practice was significantly and positively related to the nurses’ evidence‐based practice behaviour (p < 0.01). Direct effects accounted for 45.93% of the total effect. Evidence‐based practice competence, work control, and the intention to implement evidence‐based practice partially mediated the association between the organizational climate and evidence‐based practice behaviour. The indirect effect accounted for 54.07% of the total effect. Conclusion. The organizational climate for evidence‐based practice is critical for predicting and enhancing evidence‐based practice behaviour. Evidence‐based practice competence, work control, and the intention to implement evidence‐based practice are intervening mechanisms that explain how the organizational climate promotes evidence‐based practice behaviour. Implications for Nursing Management. Nursing managers should be aware of the interaction of individual and organizational factors that influence evidence‐based practice behaviours among nurses. Administrators should improve the organizational climate by providing nurses with cultural and team support, mentoring, training projects, resource provisions, and more autonomy and authority at work, which are beneficial to the nurses’ evidence‐based practice competence, work control, and intentions to adopt evidence‐based practices.
Supplementary Figure 2 from KRAS Promotes GLI2-Dependent Transcription during Pancreatic Carcinogenesis
Authors: Sigafoos Ashley N. , Tolosa Ezequiel J. , Carr Ryan M. , Fernandez-Barrena Maite G. , Almada Luciana L. , Pease David R. , Hogenson Tara L. , Raja Arul Glancis L. , Mousavi Fatemeh , Sen Sandhya , Vera Renzo E. , Marks David L. , Flores Luis F. , LaRue-Nolan Kayla C. , Wu Chen , Bamlet William R. , Vrabel Anne M. , Sicotte Hugues , Schenk Erin L. , Smyrk Thomas C. , Zhang Lizhi , Rabe Kari G. , Oberg Ann L. , Zaphiropoulos Peter G. , Chevet Eric , Graham Rondell P. , Hagen Catherine E. , di Magliano Marina P. , Elsawa Sherine F. , Pin Christopher L. , Mao Junhao , McWilliams Robert R. , Fernandez-Zapico Martin E.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure 2 describes the characterization of the impact Gli2 overexpression in pancreas development. showing that Gli2 loss has no impact on pancreas development or survival in vivo.
Avaliação dos principais fatores de risco para alta variabilidade glicêmica em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Pádua Cláudia Sena de , Resende Rafael de Oliveira , Prado Patrícia Rezende do , Penha-Silva Nilson , Bortolini Miguel Junior Sordi
Published: July 2024

Glycemic variability (GV) is an important evaluation parameter for cardiovascular complications. We aimed to identify factors associated with the risk of high glycemic variability in an Intensive Care Unit. In this prospective cohort with 168 adult patients, we first described the variables by absolute and relative frequency and then identified the risk factors for high GV by logistic regression within a 95% confidence interval. Of the 168 patients, 22.6% had high GV, 62.5% were male, 51.2% were under 40 years old, 52.4% had a clinical diagnosis, 73.8% were using mechanical ventilation, 12.3% had > 30% mortality risk (Apache II), 17.9% had sepsis, 47.6% were hypertensive, and 28.0% of the patients died. In the final analysis, patients with sepsis (OR: 2.40; 95%CI: 1.10 – 5.94), over 40 years old (OR: 3.23; 95%CI 1.34-7.81) and who evolved to death (OR: 3.15; 95%CI 1.40-7.08) were those who had a greater chance of high GV. Patients with sepsis and those over 40 years old need greater surveillance of glycemic control to reduce mortality in the ICU.
Impact on Outcome of Different Mechanisms, Baseline Degree and Changes of Mitral Regurgitation in Patients With Aortic Stenosis Who Underwent Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Melillo Francesco , Tavernese Annamaria , Rizza Vincenzo , Putortì Francesco , Preda Alberto , Ancona Francesco , Ingallina Giacomo , Stella Stefano , Colombo Antonio , Ancona Marco , Chieffo Alaide , Buzzatti Nicola , Castiglioni Alessandro , De Bonis Michele , Maisano Francesco , Montorfano Matteo , Agricola Eustachio
Published: July 2024

Background

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is frequent in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). Although primary MR is an established negative prognostic factor, whether different mechanisms of MR have different effects on outcome is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the MR mechanism in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods and Results

This is a retrospective observational study of patients who underwent TAVR for severe aortic stenosis in a high‐volume tertiary care center. Echocardiographic comprehensive MR assessment was performed at baseline and within 3 months post TAVR. The study population was divided into 4 groups according to MR mechanism: Group I: fibro‐calcific leaflet degeneration; Group II: prolapse/flail; Group III: ventricular secondary MR (functional MR); and Group IV: atrial functional MR. The study end point was a combination of death from cardiovascular cause and heart failure–related hospitalization.

The study population included 427 patients (mean age 81.7±6.5 years; 71% primary MR; 62% ≥moderate MR). At 3‐year follow‐up, survival free from the composite end point significantly differs according to MR mechanism: it was higher in group IV (atrial functional MR, 96.6%) compared with group I (80.4%,
P
=0.002) and group II patients (60.7%,
P
=0.001), and group III (84.8%,
P
=0.037); patients with MR due to leaflet prolapse showed poorer prognosis compared with patients with functional MR (group III,
P
=0.023 and group IV,
P
=0.001) and with group I (
P
=0.040). Overall, severe MR after TAVR identified patients with poorer prognosis and was significantly more frequent in group II (46.4%,
P
=0.001).

Conclusions

In patients undergoing TAVR, preprocedural identification of MR mechanism and mechanism provides prognostic insights.
Predictors of Complete Oral Intake in Patients With Stroke After Tracheostomy
Authors: Tsuzuki Keita , Mori Naoki , Hayami Yuki , Oshima Osamu , Sugawara Hidekazu , Tsuji Tetsuya
Published: July 2024

Background

Tracheostomy procedures inhibit swallowing, although details of subsequent recovery of oral intake remain unknown. This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate factors influencing dysphagia improvement in patients with subacute stroke after tracheostomy.

Methods and Results

The study included 117 patients who underwent tracheostomy after subacute stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, or endogenous subarachnoid hemorrhage and received care at 2 convalescent rehabilitation wards in urban and suburban Japan between 2015 and 2022. The primary outcome measure was the achievement of complete oral intake. Patient demographics, Functional Independence Measure scores, body mass index, food intake level scale scores, and the presence of severe white matter hyperintensities on imaging were retrospectively collected from medical records. Statistical analysis involved univariate logistic regression to identify potential predictors and multivariate logistic regression to refine the model while accounting for multicollinearity. In total, 47% of patients achieved complete oral intake on discharge. Sex, days from onset to admission, Functional Independence Measure motor and cognitive scores, body mass index, food intake level scale scores, and severe white matter hyperintensities were identified as potential predictors in the univariate analysis. However, multivariate logistic regression identified only food intake level scale scores (odds ratio [OR], 3.687 [95% CI, 1.519–8.949];
P
=0.004) and severe white matter hyperintensities (OR, 0.302 [95% CI, 0.096–0.956];
P
=0.042) as significant predictors of complete oral intake.

Conclusions

In patients with subacute stroke undergoing tracheostomy, the level of oral intake on admission and severe white matter hyperintensities on imaging may be better predictors of complete oral intake. However, prospective studies with larger sample sizes and more comprehensive data are warranted to confirm these findings.
Peritoneal Dialysis Aggravates and Accelerates Atherosclerosis in Uremic
ApoE
−/−
Mice
Authors: Kane Jamie , Vos Winnie G. , Bosmans Laura A. , van Os Bram W. , den Toom Myrthe , Hoeksema‐Hackmann Sanne , Moen‐de Wit Denise , Gijbels Marion J. , Beckers Linda , Grefhorst Aldo , Levels Johannes H. M. , Jakulj Lily , Vervloet Marc G. , Lutgens Esther , Eringa Etto C.
Published: July 2024

Background

Atherosclerosis is highly prevalent in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including those receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although it is lifesaving, PD induces profound systemic inflammation, which may aggravate atherosclerosis. Therefore, the hypothesis is that this PD‐induced inflammation aggravates atherosclerosis via immune cell activation.

Methods and Results

ApoE

−/−

mice were subjected to a 5/6 nephrectomy to induce CKD. Three weeks later, mice were fed a high‐cholesterol diet. Half of the nephrectomized mice then received daily peritoneal infusions of 3.86% Physioneal for 67 further days (CKD+PD) until the end of the experiment, and were compared with mice without CKD. Sham operated and PD‐only mice were additional controls. CKD+PD mice displayed more severe atherosclerotic disease than control mice. Plaque area increased, and plaques were more advanced with a vulnerable phenotype typified by decreased collagen content and decreased fibrous cap thickness. Increased CD3
+
T‐cell numbers were present in plaques and perivascular adipose tissue of CKD and CKD+PD mice. Plaques of CKD+PD mice contained more iNOS
+
immune cells. Spleens of CKD+PD mice showed more CD4
+
central memory, terminally differentiated type 1 T‐helper (Th1), Th17, and CX3C motif chemokine receptor 1
+
(CX3CR1) CD4
+
T‐cells with less regulatory and effector T‐cells.

Conclusions

PD‐fluid exposure in uremic mice potentiates systemic and vascular T‐cell‐driven inflammation and aggravates atherosclerosis. PD polarized CD4
+
T‐cells toward an inflammatory Th1/Th17 phenotype, and increased CX3CR1
+
CD4
+
T‐cells, which are associated with vascular homing in CKD‐associated atherosclerosis. Targeting CD4
+
T‐cell activation and CX3CR1
+
polarization has the potential to attenuate atherosclerosis in PD patients.
Visceral Economies, Queer Dialectics: Eisenstein Meets Bataille
Authors: Vogman Elena
Published: July 2024

Mapping the encounters between Sergei Eisenstein and Georges Bataille in Paris in 1930, this essay reveals a new dimension of their respective approaches to materialism and the body, as explored, for instance, through a shared cannibalistic and visceral model of mimesis, one that operates below the visual or phenomenological qualities previously addressed by the discourse on the formless carried out by Georges Didi-Huberman, Rosalind Krauss, Yve-Alain Bois, and Annette Michelson, among others. The present text argues for the existence of something it calls a visceral economy, pointing to a specific administration and distribution of affect as an aesthetic resource. It is precisely in granting the autonomous organological reactions of attraction and repulsion a function as collective operators of materialism that Bataille and Eisenstein would each formulate and experiment with elements of this visceral economy. While both authors considered sexuality to be a critical force of materialism, Bataille ultimately presumed an essentialized and binary understanding of gender difference that provided the ground for fantasies of excess and transgression. Against this heteronormative tendency, Eisenstein's research into the forces of materialism embraced a queer dialectics, or “bisexuality,” not as an opposition of genders but as a term for a gender-undifferentiated condition.
On Beirut: Art in Search of a Means to a Commons
Authors: Feldman Hannah
Published: July 2024

This conversation brings together four figures based in Lebanon—two artists (Vartan Avakian and Walid Sadek), a curator and museum director (Reem Shahid), and a visual anthropologist (Kirsten Scheid)—in conversation with the author about the ways in which art in Lebanon is, or has been, at risk as a result of the nation's multiple precarities: social, political, and economic. These precarities are discussed in relation to both the present crises that Lebanon faces during an extended period of protracted war on two borders and in the aftermath of the 2019 uprising and the 2020 Port Blast, which damaged important galleries and museums including Marfa Projects, Galerie Sfeir Semmler, and the Sursock Museum. More importantly, however, these precarities come to frame the longer history of debate about what art is and who it should serve that has taken place in the region since the end of the Ottoman Empire. While the conversation attends to the kinds of risk associated with censorship and sectarian strife, including the assassination of Lokman Slim, the proposed censorship of Mashrou’ Leila, and the intimidation of Bilal Khbeiz, more attention is given to the risk that arts communities face as a result of the expectation that art serve a dedicated political purpose articulated through descriptive or activist content rather than through form or the imaginative processes that it might inspire to cohere new social realities.
Exploring Hidden Markov Models in the Context of Genetic Disorders, and Related Conditions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baranon Mouhamadou Djima , Weke Patrick Guge Oloo , Alladatin Judicael , Ale Boni Maxime , Langat Amos Kipkorir
Published: July 2024

The application of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) in the study of genetic and neurological disorders has shown significant potential in advancing our understanding and treatment of these conditions. This review assesses 77 papers selected from a pool of 1,105 records to evaluate the use of HMMs in disease research. After the exclusion of duplicate and irrelevant records, the papers were analyzed for their focus on HMM applications and regional representation. A notable deficiency was identified in research across regions such as Africa, South America, and Oceania, emphasizing the need for more diverse and inclusive studies in these areas. Additionally, many studies did not adequately address the role of genetic mutations in the onset and progression of these diseases, revealing a critical research gap that warrants further investigation. Future research efforts should prioritize the examination of mutations to deepen our understanding of how these changes impact the development and progression of genetic and neurological disorders. By addressing these gaps, the scientific community can facilitate the development of more effective and personalized treatments, ultimately enhancing health outcomes on a global scale. Overall, this review highlights the importance of HMMs in this area of research and underscores the necessity of broadening the scope of future studies to include a wider variety of geographical regions and a more comprehensive investigation of genetic mutations.
Design of an Intermittent Biosand Filter Amended with Oyster Shell Powders for the Improvement of Household Water Quality in Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar
Authors: Eboa Cloreil , Ravelonandro Hervé , Ngo Suzanne , Ebonji Rodrigue , Andrianaivoravelona Rajaona , Tchoumbougnang François
Published: July 2024

Access to safe drinking water and the wide spread of water-borne diseases are major challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. Based on this, a water purification models has been developed which can use on a local scale. It consists of an intermittent biosand filter amended with oyster shell powders designed from local materials. The performance of the filter was evaluated through physicochemical and bacteriological analyses using standardized methods on raw polluted well water with previously determined initial D0 characteristics. The effectiveness of the designed filter was assessed and a filtration operation was carried out over a monitoring period of 13 days (D13) prior to 7 days of acclimatization of the system. With a filtration rate of 0.75l/h-1, there is a very strong reduction in turbidity from 35.59NTU to 0 NTU and in BOD5 from 125mg/l to 2mg/l. More so, bacteriological analyses reveal a progressive and complete decrease from D0 to D13 of fecal coliforms from 9000 CFU/100ml to 0 CFU/100ml; total coliforms from 6,000 CFU/100 ml to 0 CFU/100 ml and fecal streptococci from 10,800 CFU/100 ml to 0 CFU/100 ml. Compared to the classic ceramic filter, no significant difference in the Duncan test is reported for the highlighted parameters. This filter presents potential among other water treatment methods at the local scale for reducing the risks of water-borne diseases and achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 in developing countries.
The Relationship Between Perioperative Blood Product Use and the Incidence of Postoperative Renal Injury in Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Yuan Yuan
Published: July 2024

Cardiac Surgery Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CS-AKI) is a serious complication that occurs in patients following cardiac surgery. It is characterized by the rapid decline in kidney function, leading to potential long-term kidney damage or even kidney failure. CS-AKI is a significant health concern, as it not only prolongs hospital stays and recovery time but also increases the risk of mortality. This study, conducted as a prospective observational study, aimed to investigate the relationship between perioperative blood product use and the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in infants and young children undergoing cardiac surgery. It examined the perioperative use of these blood products and its association with the occurrence of AKI. The findings of this study revealed a significant association between the use of red blood cell suspension and platelets and the development of postoperative AKI. This suggests that the administration of these blood products during cardiac surgery may increase the risk of kidney injury in infants and young children. However, it is important to note that the study did not find a statistically significant association between plasma transfusion volume and the incidence of AKI. This suggests that while the use of certain blood products may contribute to the risk of AKI, the volume of plasma transfused does not seem to have a significant impact. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the perioperative management of infants and young children undergoing cardiac surgery. It underscores the importance of carefully considering the use of blood products during surgery and taking necessary measures to minimize the risk of AKI.
News Censorship and the Practice of Citizen Journalism
Authors: Abdulmumi Abduljalil , Joseph Ayodele
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the relationship between news censorship and citizen journalism within the contemporary media landscape. It scrutinizes how news censorship, encompassing government intervention and self-censorship by media entities, impacts transparency and freedom of expression. In response to these constraints, citizen journalism emerges as a vital alternative platform for information dissemination, especially in authoritarian contexts. However, citizen journalism encounters hurdles such as the absence of formal training and the inherent risks associated with independent reporting. Nonetheless, despite these challenges, citizen journalism serves as a potent counterforce to censorship, empowering individuals to share suppressed information and shape public discourse. Through comprehensive analysis, the study underscores the pivotal role of citizen journalism in circumventing censorship and offering diverse perspectives. Yet, it also brings to light the imperative need for enhanced training and support mechanisms to bolster the quality and credibility of citizen journalism. Ultimately, the study concludes that safeguarding freedom of expression and fostering support for citizen journalism are indispensable for nurturing transparency and democratic discourse. To this end, To this end, the study advocates for comprehensive initiatives aimed at bolstering citizen journalism. These include not only providing ample training resources to equip citizen journalists with the necessary skills and knowledge but also facilitating robust collaboration between them and traditional media outlets. Such collaboration can foster mutual understanding, enhance the exchange of information, and strengthen the overall quality of reporting.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Levels and Oxidative Stress Markers Among Cancer Patients in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Samuel Bwede , Dangana Amos , Oduola Taofeeq , Onwuchekwa Chinedu , Oyeniyi Yinka , Dansura Mangpin , Gagari Villeng , Mobi Mercy , Chika Ezeama , Omoare Adesuyi , Usman Muhammad , Ojenya Agwu , Gyang Nyiri , Ugwu Chinwe , Abdullahi Idris
Published: July 2024

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a sensitive cytosolic antioxidant enzyme that could be associated with carcinogenesis. Hence, its plasma levels are a good indicator to monitor cancer-induced cellular stress. This study aimed to determine the correlation between Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and oxidative stress markers among cancer patients in Jos, Nigeria. This case-control study involved 100 subjects (60 cancer patients and 40 healthy control subjects). Their blood samples were collected to measure the levels of G6PD and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, total plasma peroxide, total antioxidant potential, and oxidative stress indices). Twenty-four (40.0%) of the cancer patients were G6PD deficient. Of this, 13 (54.2%) were females G6PD. Of the G6PD deficient cancer patients, 11(45.8%) were male, conversely, 16 (44.4%) of the cancer subjects who had normal G6PD were males. Of the cancer patients, 26.7%; 13.3%, 11.7 % and 10% had prostate, breast cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), respectively were the most frequent. There was no significant association between G6PD deficiency and cancer (X2=0.025, p=0.804). Among G6PD deficiency cancer patients, the oxidative stress markers were significantly (p<0.05) higher compared to the control group. These findings showed that relatively more of the cancer patients had normal G6PD status even in increased cellular oxidative stress which could be due to host genetic factors. This suggests the need for further experiments on molecular characterization of mechanisms responsible for the findings.
Lithostratigraphy and Petrography of Mesozoic Sedimentary Rocks of Lemi Area, North Shewa, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Wuletaw Ajebush , Mihret Bishaw
Published: July 2024

The Mesozoic sedimentary basins in Ethiopia, particularly the Central Ethiopia, and Blue Nile Basin within the central main Ethiopian rift region are characterized by a diverse range of volcano-sedimentary rocks dominated by sedimentary sequences. The lithostratigraphy and petrology of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of Lemi area, North Shewa, in Central Ethiopia within the Blue Nile basin, is described based on detailed field observations, lithostratigraphic analysis, petrographic examinations. The lithological units identified during fieldwork include Mudstone, Sandstone, and Basaltic rock formations. The sandstone unit in the study covers an estimated average thickness is 237 meters with intercalations of thinly bedded mudstone. The average thickness of each sandstone units (coarse (23 meters), medium (90 meters) and fine-grained (115 meters) sandstone unit) are varying from place to place within the study area. The stratigraphic section logs in four each block (Geza Washa, Dalota, Ruka, and Gosh Wiha) shows coarsening upward indicating the depositional environment transition from deep marine to the fluvial environment. The results of the study reveal the geological history and paleoenvironmental conditions of the Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the Lemi area. This study contributes to our understanding of the geological processes that have influenced the formation of the Lemi area and provides valuable interpretations of regional geology.
Eco-Public Installation Through Landscape Architecture for Sustainability in the Urban Space
Authors: Bouzguenda Ghada
Published: July 2024

Sustainable art in landscape architecture encompasses activities like installing works of art that are durable, functional, decorative, iconographic, interpretative, integrated, ephemeral, or temporary. Projects of sustainable installation in landscape architecture have highlighted the contributions of public arts in social, cultural, and economic aspects. Studying the environmental impacts of public art in cities is still lacking. The purpose of this article is to highlight the contribution of eco-art in urban space to the development of sustainable cities, through the exam of a selection of sustainable installation from the word. Therefore, peer-reviewed articles and online resources were used to analyze sustainability, awareness, and environmental values associated with eco-public art and sustainable installations in order to inspire other directions, such as a dialogue between art and the public, landscape architecture, and environmental sustainability through public art. Despite landscape architecture studies are often focused on sustainability; however, there is little research on how to create durable installations through the synergy between art, design, and architecture. Based on the analysis of selected projects using a combination between art, design, and architecture concepts, to create an eco-installation in the urban space, it was highlighted that, during the early phases of promoting the green city concept, Eco-Public Art promotes visual support, tools, and the form of knowledge. All the analyzed sustainable projects were developed to demonstrate the best approach to public art because of their attitude and behavior toward the major issues.
Urticaria Pigmentosa – A Case Report with a Review of the Literature
Authors: Yungareva Irina , Broshtilova Valentina , Smilov Nencho , Trenovski Aleksandar , Velevska Yoanna , Vatov Petar , Marina Sonya
Published: July 2024

Mastocytosis encompasses a rare group of diseases characterized by the accumulation of mast cells, primarily in the skin or internal organs. In the 2016 revised WHO classification, mastocytosis is divided into cutaneous mastocytosis (CM), systemic mastocytosis (CM), and localized mast cell tumor. Cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) includes maculo-papular CM/urticaria pigmentosa (UP), diffuse CM and cutaneous mastocytoma. Urticaria pigmentosa is the most common skin variant. It presents with erythematous brownish macules or papules, often accompanied by pruritus. A case of a 48-year-old woman with disseminated, mildly pruritic, sharply demarcated, livid-brownish macules on the skin of the trunk and extremities is presented. A positive Darier symptom was established. Laboratory tests revealed granulocytosis (73%) and lymphocytosis (19.8%). Serum tryptase and 24-hour urine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were not elevated. The diagnosis of urticaria pigmentosa was confirmed by the histopathological examination revealing perivascular infiltrates of mast cells, mainly in the deep dermis. Screening performed did not detect systemic involvement. Symptomatic treatment with H1 and H2 blockers and topical corticosteroid was carried out. Avoidance of triggers is recommended. The patient's condition has improved. Both a historical review of mastocytosis and a revised classification, as well as the epidemiology, etiology with triggering factors, clinical presentation, laboratory investigations, and management of urticaria pigmentosa are presented.
The Asymmetric Effect of Mutual Fund Herding on Price Deviation: Evidence from the Chinese Stock Market
Authors: Liu Yujia , Wu Liang
Published: July 2024

Mutual funds, as significant participants in financial markets, play a crucial role in the formation of asset pricing. The relationship between herding behavior of mutual funds and mispricing has been a subject of intense debate among scholars. In this paper, we investigate the asymmetric impact of mutual fund herding on price deviation and explore the underlying mechanism. In terms of research design, this study selects relevant data on mutual fund holdings and stock trading in the Chinese A-share market from 2010 to 2023, we examine whether herding behavior leads to mispricing, specifically focusing on the asymmetric effects of herding buying and herding selling on stock price deviation from intrinsic value. This study distinguishes the trading direction of mutual fund herding behavior and separately examines the relationship between herding buying behavior and herding selling behavior with stock price deviation. Our empirical findings reveal that buying herding behavior is linked to positive price deviations from intrinsic value. However, selling herding behavior shows no significant relationship with price deviation. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that the herding buying of mutual funds stimulates similar trading sentiments among other market participants and contributes to the formation of market bubbles, while herding selling prompts counterbalancing trades, mitigating the impact of price deviation.
Assessment of Soil and Water Salinity Status of Bitata Small Scale Irrigation Scheme of Guji Zone Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Welde Obsa , Gragn Tesfaye
Published: July 2024

The Soil salinity, sodicity and water logging are becoming an emerging challenge for the irrigation development. So, assessments of irrigation schemes are very important to see the problems they have. The assessment of soil and water salinity status of Bitata small scale irrigation scheme of Guji Zone, Oromia region was done to identify, analyze and map salinity level using Geographic information System, the chemical properties of the soil was done at laboratory for samples analysis. After, spatial analyst and interpolation by Inverse distance Weight and Re-class the soil analyzed. Then the area of influence of the points was determined for the selected parameters and the results of investigation shows the majority of sample results are non-saline non sodic, even if, the samples were less, the sodicity problems occur at the study area on surface soil by considering three parameters at once and non-saline and non-sodic for profile soil. And when considering individual parameters of surface soil the results shows slightly saline depends on Electrical conductivity of saturation extracts, considering the exchangeable sodium percentage slightly to extremely sodic results was observed. And the results of irrigation water quality shows Very high Saline and Low Sodicity. The finding of the study recommends intervention of sodicity for surface soil and salinity and sodicity for water source used for irrigation is very important to control the expansions of it to the whole area of the scheme and to minimize the risk of salinity and sodicity problems of the water source used for irrigation. Management techniques that improve soil fertility such as crop rotations, manuring, fallow periods, proper management of crop residues, vermicomposting and leguminous cover crops and water-saving irrigation technologies suitable to the land of the area are the best options. And similar work is necessary to get additional information of the study areas because of the results of surface and profile soil and water source used for irrigation were far apart from each other.
Sonographic Measurement and Sex Variability of Portal Vein in a Sample of Sudanese Adults
Authors: Mustafa Mohammedelghazali , Awad Khalid , Koko Alaa
Published: July 2024

Background: Measurements of the normal portal venous dimension in a species population is so crucial. portal vein can be measured by several methods for assessing different parameters, Computed topography (CT) and sonographic imaging are common examples. The diagnosis of portal hypertension depends on the transverse portal vein diameter (normal diameter from 6-15 mm). The aim of this study is to assess the portal vein diameter and correlate the diameter with age, sex, weight, height and BMI in Sudanese populations. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that included a sample of Sudanese adults who were requested to have routine abdominal sonographic scanning due to reasons not related to liver or portal vein problems. The study was carried out at the Radiology Department of Qatar Alnada Hospital, Umbadda, Khartoum, Sudan 2022. Results: In this study, 376 participants were included of which more than half were females (56.1%, n=211), while 165 (43.9%) were males. The mean age of the participants was 38.12 + 15.57 years. The mean portal vein diameter was 10.79 + 1.27 millimeters. From this study the portal vein diameter varied with age (p value = 0.000), weight (p value = 0.002), height (p value = 0.000) and sex (p value = 0.000). It is not related to BMI (p value = 0.3). Conclusion: This study revealed that the portal vein diameter has positive correlation with age, sex, height, and weight of the person and has no correlation with the BMI.
The Current Status and Challenges of Cybersecurity Risks
Authors: Sun Xudong
Published: July 2024

Research Context and Aims: The swift expansion of internet technologies has rendered the digital network essential to contemporary life, highlighting the significance of cybersecurity. Network data not only encompasses personal information management and communication but also pertains to the protection of confidential corporate, governmental, and vital national infrastructures. Consequently, cybersecurity has become a critical issue in current society. Frequent occurrences like privacy violations, data thefts, and national security threats underline the critical need for enhanced network defenses and protective measures. Research Approach: This study examines the state of cybersecurity by assessing pertinent studies across public databases such as PubMed, CNKI, and CrossRef. It compiles and evaluates significant cybersecurity events including data breaches, malware attacks, and phishing, outlining key security challenges faced by networks. The paper also evaluates the current cybersecurity technologies and methods, pinpointing their effectiveness and limitations in addressing network threats. Research Findings: The findings reveal that cyber attackers have refined their methods, employing sophisticated, covert techniques for prolonged periods, which often outpace current defenses. In cases of data breaches, perpetrators frequently utilize precise social engineering or deploy advanced persistent threats (APTs). Additionally, the proliferation of IoT technology has not only obscured the boundaries of cybersecurity but also broadened potential attack vectors. Despite the implementation of security measures like encryption and multi-factor authentication, these can be compromised by managerial or operational oversights. Research Conclusions: With the cybersecurity landscape becoming increasingly challenging, future defenses will likely prioritize the adoption of integrated, proactive strategies. It is crucial to foster the development of smart security solutions, such as leveraging artificial intelligence to detect and respond to anomalies. Furthermore, boosting security awareness among users and ensuring standardized practices are imperative. Ultimately, formulating future cybersecurity policies will require a holistic approach, integrating technological, managerial, legal, and educational initiatives to forge a robust network defense architecture.
Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Rutin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Sikdar Niragh , Rath Shree
Published: July 2024

Cancer is a complex group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. It causes millions of deaths each year and remaining a significant global health concern for both men and women. Effective treatment strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes in breast cancer, particularly in the case of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Chemotherapy, like paclitaxel and docetaxel, is the standard treatment for TNBC due to the lack of targeted therapies for this subtype. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic medication that is particularly effective against lung, ovarian, and other cancers; nevertheless, its clinical use is limited due to its multi-organ toxicity. As a result, the current study aims to improve treatment efficacy and reduce PTX-induced toxicity through the concurrent use of the natural polyphenolic substance Rutin. Rutin hydrate (purity > 94%) and paclitaxel were utilized in in vitro studies with 4T1 and MDA MB-231 cell lines. In the proliferation assay, cells were treated with rutin and paclitaxel at varying concentrations. Cytochrome-c release and cell cycle analysis were conducted, and flow cytometry assessed apoptosis. According to the findings of this investigation, rutin in combination with PTX considerably (P<0.05) lowers the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, flow cytometry research revealed that combining rutin with PTX triggered GO/Gl cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a breast cancer cell line. Furthermore, after co-administration of rutin and PTX, mitochondrial depolarization increased significantly (P<0.05). Thus, the current study convincingly established rutin’s sensitizing activity and suggests it could be a potential adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy.