bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection following rituximab treatment: clinical course and response to therapeutic interventions correlated with quantitative viral cultures and cycle threshold values
Authors: Thornton Christina S. , Huntley Kevin , Berenger Byron M. , Bristow Michael , Evans David H. , Fonseca Kevin , Franko Angela , Gillrie Mark R. , Lin Yi-Chan , Povitz Marcus , Shafey Mona , Conly John M. , Tremblay Alain
Published: February 2022

Background

Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA is completed through reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) from either oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swabs, critically important for diagnostics but also from an infection control lens. Recent studies have suggested that COVID-19 patients can demonstrate prolonged viral shedding with immunosuppression as a key risk factor.

Case presentation

We present a case of an immunocompromised patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection demonstrating prolonged infectious viral shedding for 189 days with virus cultivability and clinical relapse with an identical strain based on whole genome sequencing, requiring a multi-modal therapeutic approach. We correlated clinical parameters, PCR cycle thresholds and viral culture until eventual resolution.

Conclusions

We successfully demonstrate resolution of viral shedding, administration of COVID-19 vaccination and maintenance of viral clearance. This case highlights implications in the immunosuppressed patient towards infection prevention and control that should consider those with prolonged viral shedding and may require ancillary testing to fully elucidate viral activity. Furthermore, this case raises several stimulating questions around complex COVID-19 patients around the role of steroids, effect of antiviral therapies in absence of B-cells, role for vaccination and the requirement of a multi-modal approach to eventually have successful clearance of the virus.
PredicTF: prediction of bacterial transcription factors in complex microbial communities using deep learning
Authors: Oliveira Monteiro Lummy Maria , Saraiva João Pedro , Brizola Toscan Rodolfo , Stadler Peter F. , Silva-Rocha Rafael , Nunes da Rocha Ulisses
Published: February 2022

Background

Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins controlling the flow of genetic information by regulating cellular gene expression. A better understanding of TFs in a bacterial community context may open novel revenues for exploring gene regulation in ecosystems where bacteria play a key role. Here we describe PredicTF, a platform supporting the prediction and classification of novel bacterial TF in single species and complex microbial communities. PredicTF is based on a deep learning algorithm.

Results

To train PredicTF, we created a TF database (BacTFDB) by manually curating a total of 11,961 TF distributed in 99 TF families. Five model organisms were used to test the performance and the accuracy of PredicTF. PredicTF was able to identify 24–62% of the known TFs with an average precision of 88% in our five model organisms. We demonstrated PredicTF using pure cultures and a complex microbial community. In these demonstrations, we used (meta)genomes for TF prediction and (meta)transcriptomes for determining the expression of putative TFs.

Conclusion

PredicTF demonstrated high accuracy in predicting transcription factors in model organisms. We prepared the pipeline to be easily implemented in studies profiling TFs using (meta)genomes and (meta)transcriptomes. PredicTF is an open-source software available at https://github.com/mdsufz/PredicTF.
Researching arts, culture, migration and change: a multi (trans)disciplinary challenge for international migration studies
Authors: Martiniello Marco
Published: February 2022

The paper first discusses why it is important to research the relations between migration, arts, and cultures. Second, it discusses the most promising methodological options to do it fruitfully. It concludes by claiming that the additional value of such investigations is both to allow a more comprehensive understanding of the migration process, and to move away from the victimization of migrants “rehumanize” them.
A snapshot of consumer engagement in clinical trials in Australia: results of a national survey of clinical trial networks and research organisations
Authors: McKenzie Anne , Bowden Janelle , Zalcberg John R. , Conroy Karena , Fallon-Ferguson Julia , Jesudason Shilpanjali , Ansell James , Anderst Ania , Straiton Nicola
Published: February 2022

Background

Little is known about the extent, perceptions or experiences of consumers involved in clinical trials across Australia. The purpose of this National study was to better understand the activity and perceptions of clinical trial networks (CTNs), research co-ordinating centres and their consumers, around consumer involvement in clinical trials.

Methods

CTNs and research co-ordinating centres who were members of the Australian Clinical Trials Alliance (ACTA), and consumers involved in the activities of these organisations, were invited to participate in online surveys. Surveys were completed between April and September 2018.

Results

80 respondents completed the surveys in full: 25 of 34 CTNs, 5 from 15 research co-ordinating centres, and included research investigators of 13 active trials, 10 completed trials. There were 27 consumer respondents. Consumers were involved in clinical trial activities across 19/25 (76%) of CTNs and 3/5 (60%) of research co-ordinating centres. Consumers were involved at all stages of the trial cycle. Despite this, only 8/30 (27%) of research organisations provided specific training to their employees or members on consumer involvement in research, and most did not have a specific policy or process relating to conducting consumer involvement in clinical trials. At the organisation level, barriers to consumer involvement in clinical trials included being unsure how to involve consumers effectively and systematically, difficulty in accessing consumers or lack of infrastructure and resources. At the consumer level, barriers included limited understanding of their roles, a lack of resources and training. Enablers included education, training and funding for both the research sector and for consumers. Almost all consumer respondents (25/27; 92%) would recommend the consumer role to other potential consumers, stating it was a valuable experience that led to knowledge exchange and learning about the research process.

Conclusions

Over the last few years, consumer involvement in clinical trials has increased in Australia, but the scope of involvement varies across different research organisations, and therapeutic areas. Consumer involvement in clinical trials is valued by most that do it, however, there are opportunities to further foster and strengthen ongoing partnerships, for example by providing practical advice for researchers on how to best engage and involve consumers.
The role of motivation in MOOCs’ retention rates: a systematic literature review
Authors: Badali Mehdi , Hatami Javad , Banihashem Seyyed Kazem , Rahimi Ebrahim , Noroozi Omid , Eslami Zahra
Published: February 2022

Although MOOCs platforms offer a unique way to provide information for a large cohort of participants, only a small percentage of participants complete MOOCs. The high number of dropouts in MOOCs is a key challenge, and the literature suggests that it can be affected by participants' motivation. However, it is not known how and to what extent motivation influences participants’ dropout in MOOCs. There is a need to provide an overview of the role of motivation in MOOCs’ retention. In this study, we aimed to identify motivational factors and theories that affect participants’ retention in MOOCs and explain how does motivation supports participants to complete MOOCs. To do so, a systematic review was conducted using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and a set of relevant keywords and databases which resulted in 50 relevant publications. Our analysis led us to identify six main motivational factors that influence participants’ MOOCs completion including academic, social, course, personal, professional, and technological motives. These factors were divided into two main categories including need-based motivation and interest-based motivation. The results showed that academic motives play the most important role in participants’ MOOCs retention compared to the other factors. It was also found that self-determination theory was used as the most dominant theory to support participants’ motivation for MOOCs completion. In addition, the results revealed that the motivational factors not only impacts participants’ MOOCs retention directly, but also this impact is mediated by participant satisfaction, self-regulation, attitude toward using MOOCs, performance, engagement, and level of participation. Based on the results, further implications for practice and future research are provided.
To share or not to share: communication of caregiver-reported outcomes when a patient has colorectal cancer
Authors: Howard A. Fuchsia , Torrejón María-José , Lynch Kelsey , Beck Scott M. , Thorne Sally , Lambert Leah , Porcino Antony , De Vera Mary A. , Davies Janine M. , Avery Jonathan , Wolff Angela C. , McDonald Melanie , Lee Joyce W. K. , Hedges Penelope , Kelly Mary T. , McKenzie Michael
Published: February 2022

Background

The importance of patient-centered measurement in cancer care has led to recognition of the potential for caregiver-reported outcomes to improve caregiver, patient and healthcare system outcomes. Yet, there is limited evidence to inform caregiver-reported outcome implementation. Our purpose was to generate evidence to inform the meaningful and constructive integration of caregiver-reported outcomes into cancer care to benefit caregivers, including exploration of the question of the extent to which these assessments should be shared with patients. We focused on caregivers of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) because CRC is common, and associated caregiving can be complex.

Results

From our Interpretive Description analysis of qualitative interview data from 78 participants (25 caregivers, 37 patients, and 16 healthcare providers [HCPs]), we identified contrasting perspectives about the sharing of caregiver-reported outcome assessments with patients with CRC. Those who preferred open communication with both the patient and caregiver present considered this essential for supporting the caregiver. The participants who preferred private communication without the patient, cited concern about caregiver- and patient-burden and guilt. Recognizing these perspectives, HCPs described strategies used to navigate sensitivities inherent in preferences for open versus private communication.

Conclusions

The integration of caregiver-reported outcomes into cancer care will require careful consideration of caregiver and patient preferences regarding the communication of caregiver assessments to prevent additional burden.
Small vessel vasculitis and dry gangrene secondary to combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade in malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Kefas Joanna , Harwood Catherine , Lewis Myles J. , Szlosarek Peter
Published: February 2022

Background

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive tumour with an overall poor prognosis. In October 2020, first line treatment with the PD-1 antagonist nivolumab and the CTLA-4 antagonist ipilimumab for unresectable disease was FDA approved—the first approved treatment regime since 2004. Interim analyses from the phase 3 CHECKMATE-743 study shows improvements in overall survival. Skin-related toxicities are the most commonly reported any-grade treatment-related adverse event from combined nivolumab and ipilimumab therapy.

Case presentation

Here we report a case of a 35-year-old white male who developed digital ischaemia secondary to small vessel vasculitis after receiving PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade therapy for MPM. His progressive ischaemia became gangrenous, and he required multi-speciality input and treatment with prednisolone, prostacyclin, mycophenolate mofetil and hydroxychloroquine.

Conclusions

Our case highlights the importance of early detection, intervention, and a multispecialty approach to managing such complications in order to minimise the associated morbidity and mortality.
COVID-19 and (gender) inequality in income: the impact of discretionary policy measures in Austria
Authors: Christl Michael , De Poli Silvia , Kucsera Dénes , Lorenz Hanno
Published: February 2022

This paper analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on household income in Austria, using detailed administrative labor market data, in combination with micro-simulation techniques that enable specific labor market transitions to be modeled. We find that discretionary fiscal policy measures in Austria are key to counteracting the inequality- and poverty-enhancing effect of COVID-19. Additionally, we find that females tend to experience a greater loss in terms of market income. The Austrian tax–benefit system, however, reduces this gender differences. Disposable income has dropped by around 1% for both males and females. By comparison, males profit mainly from short-time work scheme, while females profit especially from other discretionary policy measures, such as the one-off payment for children.
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus SJ19 and Bacillus safensis SJ4, two Algerian rhizobacteria protecting tomato plants against Botrytis cinerea and promoting their growth
Authors: Foughalia Abdelhamid , Bouaoud Yousra , Chandeysson Charlotte , Djedidi Mawahib , Tahirine Mohamed , Aissat Kamel , Nicot Philippe
Published: February 2022

Background

Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould, is a polyphagous fungus that infects a wide range of plants, including tomato. In many countries, including Algeria, the management of grey mould is a challenging problem, even with chemical control. This necessitates the search for other strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biocontrol potential of two rhizospheric bacterial isolates for the protection of tomato against B. cinerea.

Results

On tomato plants, the two bacterial isolates consistently provided high levels of protection (on average 72.1% for SJ19 and 52.3% for SJ4). Their applications as a 1:1 mixture reinforced their effect (87.8% protection), indicating their compatibility and a potential use as a consortium. In vitro, the isolates significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea strains, both through direct confrontation in dual-culture assays (12–69% inhibition) and through the production of volatile compounds (36–46% inhibition). The two isolates, applied as seed treatment and as drench on seedlings, also showed strong growth-promoting effects on tomatoes. They substantially increased the length and fresh weight of shoots and roots, as well as stem diameter, leaf number and chlorophyll content, compared to untreated plants.

Conclusion

The two bacteria tested in this study showed a high potential for use as biostimulants and as biofungicides against tomato grey mould.
Large thrombosed portomesenteric venous aneurysm treated with pharmacomechanical thrombolysis combined with TIPS placement
Authors: Kohlbrenner Ryan , Schwertner Adam B , Vogel Alexander R , Conrad Miles , Lokken R Peter
Published: February 2022

Background

Aneurysms are rare anomalies of the portomesenteric venous system. Thrombotic complications of these lesions can lead to mesenteric venous ischemia and bowel infarction, potentially requiring surgical intervention. Herein we describe a case of mesenteric ischemia due to a large thrombosed portomesenteric aneurysm treated with endovascular techniques.

Case presentation

A 37-year-old previously healthy male who presented with abdominal pain to his local emergency department was found to have a thrombosed 12.0 × 5.1 cm portomesenteric venous aneurysm with evidence of mesenteric ischemia on CT. When conservative management with anticoagulation failed, transhepatic pharmacomechanical thrombolysis was initially performed. This was followed by TIPS placement with additional trans-TIPS thrombectomy to improve sluggish portal outflow and prevent re-thrombosis. The patient’s symptoms and imaging findings of ischemia resolved after endovascular therapy. No surgical intervention was required, and the patient was discharged on enoxaparin before being transitioned to apixaban. The TIPS remained patent at 2-year follow-up, with no change in the size of the aneurysm or re-thrombosis noted. The patient’s synthetic liver function was preserved with no evidence of hepatic encephalopathy during the follow-up period.

Conclusions

Endovascular therapies may be used to manage thrombotic complications of portomesenteric venous aneurysms, obviating the need for surgical intervention in selected patients.
Implementing the use of objective medication adherence data in routine clinical practice via the digital CFHealthHub platform: situation analysis and strategy development using the theoretical domains framework
Authors: Girling Carla , Packham Anna , Robinson Louisa , Arden Madelynne A. , Hind Daniel , Wildman Martin J.
Published: February 2022

Background

Preventative inhaled treatments preserve lung function and reduce exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (CF). Self-reported adherence to these treatments is over-estimated. An online platform (CFHealthHub) has been developed with patients and clinicians to display real-time objective adherence data from dose-counting nebulisers, so that clinical teams can offer informed treatment support.

Methods

In this paper, we identify pre-implementation barriers to healthcare practitioners performing two key behaviours: accessing objective adherence data through the website CFHealthHub and discussing medication adherence with patients. We aimed to understand barriers during the pre-implementation phase, so that appropriate strategy could be developed for the scale up of implementing objective adherence data in 19 CF centres.

Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare practitioners working in three UK CF centres. Qualitative data were coded using the theoretical domains framework (TDF), which describes 14 validated domains to implementation behaviour change.

Results

Analysis indicated that an implementation strategy should address all 14 domains of the TDF to successfully support implementation. Participants did not report routines or habits for using objective adherence data in clinical care. Examples of salient barriers included skills, beliefs in consequences, and social influence and professional roles. The results also affirmed a requirement to address organisational barriers. Relevant behaviour change techniques were selected to develop implementation strategy modules using the behaviour change wheel approach to intervention development.

Conclusions

This paper demonstrates the value of applying the TDF at pre-implementation, to understand context and to support the development of a situationally relevant implementation strategy.
Jejunoileal atresia: a case-series of 63 neonates and risk factors to mortality
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Liaqat Naeem , Butt Jamal , Hashim Imran , Iqbal Asif , Raza Asim , Urooj Atika
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Jejunoileal atresia (JIA) among neonates is still a condition which has huge morbidity and mortality, particularly in the developing world. We share a case series of JIA in context of their presentation, management, and outcome.

Materials and methods

This study was conducted at Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, over 1 year. We included all patients presenting with JIA, and their demographic details, presentation, investigations, treatment strategies, and the outcome were noted at a pre-designed proforma. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.

Results

A total of 63 neonates with JIA were included. Most of them (79.4%) presented after 48 h of life, and the mean age at presentation was 5.68 ± 4.75 days. There were 37 male patients (58.7%), and 51 (81%) were full-term. The most common presenting complaint was not being able to pass meconium (88.9%). Type III atresia was the most common subtype (41.3%). Most of them underwent resection without tapering. The mean hospital stay was 12.81 ± 6.53, and it was significantly longer among those who underwent re-exploration (P = 0.034). Twenty-three patients (36.5%) expired within 6 months of follow-up. The only significant factor for mortality was the presence of short bowel syndrome (P = 0.030). All other demographic and management factors did not alter the mortality rate.

Conclusion

Management of surgical neonates is a difficult job in developing countries with limited resources. There is a high mortality rate of neonates following JIA surgeries, and surgeons in these countries must fight on many fronts to improve the outcome.
Apparent “Rapid Loss” After Short-Interval Bone Density Testing in Menopausal Women Is Usually a Measurement Artifact
Authors: Kline Gregory A , Morin Suzanne N , Lix Lisa M , Leslie William D
Published: February 2022

Context

Medication may be considered when bone mineral density (BMD) loss is reported as “excessive.”

Objective

We hypothesized that the rate of BMD change between 2 serial tests demonstrates higher random variability at shorter vs longer intervals, misclassifying some women as “rapid losers.”

Methods

This retrospective observational cohort study in Manitoba, Canada included women aged > 55 years without osteoporosis medications or glucocorticoids. Using paired baseline (1998-2016) and repeat (2001-2018) BMD measurements, we estimated the distribution of annualized change (first to second BMD) at spine, hip, and femoral neck stratified by testing interval (2-2.9, 3-3.9,...9-9.9, ≥ 10.0 years). “Rapid annual bone loss” was defined as exceeding the 95th percentile for decreases from all measurement pairs. Odds ratios (OR) for rapid loss were estimated using regression models adjusted for age and clinical covariates.

Results

From 7126 paired BMD measurements, mean annualized change was constant yet standard deviations in BMD change were > 2-fold greater with intervals of 2 to 2.9 years vs ≥ 10 years(P < 0.001). “Rapid annual loss” was seen in ~10% of short-interval tests vs < 1% of long-interval tests. ORs for “rapid loss” progressively declined with increasing testing interval (spine 15.3 [4.8-48.9], total hip 9.3 [4.4-19.5], femoral neck 18.7 [6.8-51.3] for a 2- to 2.9-year testing interval; referent ≥ 10 years).

Conclusion

There is a wider apparent range in annualized BMD loss with short-interval testing which greatly attenuates over longer intervals. BMD reports of “rapid loss” across shorter testing intervals likely reflect an artifact of BMD measurement error and should not be used as an indication for antifracture medication initiation.
Chronic Estrus Disrupts Uterine Gland Development and Homeostasis
Authors: Stewart C Allison , Stewart M David , Wang Ying , Mullen Rachel D , Kircher Bonnie K , Liang Rui , Liu Yu , Behringer Richard R
Published: February 2022

Female mice homozygous for an engineered Gnrhr E90K mutation have reduced gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling, leading to infertility. Their ovaries have numerous antral follicles but no corpora lutea, indicating a block to ovulation. These mutants have high levels of circulating estradiol and low progesterone, indicating a state of persistent estrus. This mouse model provided a unique opportunity to examine the lack of cyclic levels of ovarian hormones on uterine gland biology. Although uterine gland development appeared similar to controls during prepubertal development, it was compromised during adolescence in the mutants. By age 20 weeks, uterine gland development was comparable to controls, but pathologies, including cribriform glandular structures, were observed. Induction of ovulations by periodic human chorionic gonadotropin treatment did not rescue postpubertal uterine gland development. Interestingly, progesterone receptor knockout mice, which lack progesterone signaling, also have defects in postpubertal uterine gland development. However, progesterone treatment did not rescue postpubertal uterine gland development. These studies indicate that chronically elevated levels of estradiol with low progesterone and therefore an absence of cyclic ovarian hormone secretion disrupts postpubertal uterine gland development and homeostasis.
Agricultural Technology in Africa
Authors: Suri Tavneet , Udry Christopher
Published: February 2022

We discuss recent trends in agricultural productivity in Africa and highlight how technological progress in agriculture has stagnated on the continent. We briefly review the literature that tries to explain this stagnation through the lens of particular constraints to technology adoption. Ultimately, none of these constraints alone can explain these trends. New research highlights pervasive heterogeneity in the gross and net returns to agricultural technologies across Africa. We argue that this heterogeneity makes the adoption process more challenging, limits the scope of many innovations, and contributes to the stagnation in technology use. We conclude with directions for policy and what we feel are still important, unanswered research questions.
Developing and testing the GlobalSCAPE science communicator diary survey: methodological pilot research findings to improve a repeated-measures survey design
Authors: Jensen Eric A. , Jensen Aaron M. , Noles Sarah , Pfleger Axel
Published: February 2022

The GlobalSCAPE project is setting out to investigate the experiences, attitudes, skills, needs, challenges and professional development of science communicators around the world. This is being achieved with a diary survey, a style of survey designed to be repeated at a set interval several times. The idea of such a survey is that the unfolding nature of a phenomenon can be more effectively captured through repeated measures than through a conventional cross-sectional survey design. Because the aims, scope and approach of this study are novel, a newly developed survey design was required. This work was led by survey experts within the GlobalSCAPE consortium, with input and feedback from other partners. The results survey design contained some previously validated items, but none that had been empirically assessed for the present context and survey structure. Therefore, to assess the clarity of survey questions prepared for the GlobalSCAPE science communicator diary research, a pilot study was conducted with a sample of participants gathered by project partners (n=23). This pilot research followed a piggyback approach, where follow up questions were asked of respondents after they completed each step in the survey. Results indicate that the vast majority of the questions were already clear and easy to understand. A small number of items resulted in a minority of respondents reporting uncertainty or confusion about how to respond. To address these issues, targeted adjustments to the survey design have been made. This methodological research offers insights to others who may seek to conduct survey studies with science communicators. It may also be helpful to those conducting diary survey research with professionals more generally.
Artificem commendat opus – kilka uwag o błędach w tłumaczeniu stron internetowych wybranych polskich muzeów
Authors: Pławski Maciej
Published: February 2022

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie na znaczenie jakości w przekładzie. Język angielski jest niewątpliwie językiem przeważającym w komunikacji internetowej (ponad 60% stron internetowych publikowana jest w języku angielskim – https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/2961/umfrage/anteil-der-verbreitetsten-sprachen-im-internet/), często jednak spotykamy witryny internetowe formułowane w językach narodowych. Strony te mają nierzadko wersje obcojęzyczne, będące tłumaczeniem strony stworzonej w danym języku narodowym. Kwestia wierności przekładu w odniesieniu do poszczególnych treści, struktur tekstu wyjściowego była już niejednokrotnie tematem rozważań teoretycznych i praktycznych, jednak – jak wykazuje analiza niemieckojęzycznych stron internetowych wybranych polskich muzeów – nadal jest ważnym problemem translatorskim. Artykuł przedstawia klasyfikację błędów popełnianych w ramach opublikowanych tekstów, jak i możliwości ich uniknięcia.
Dynamic Pricing and Matching for Two-Sided Queues
Authors: Varma Sushil Mahavir , Bumpensanti Pornpawee , Maguluri Siva Theja , Wang He
Published: February 2022

Motivated by applications from gig economy and online marketplaces, we study a two-sided queueing system under joint pricing and matching controls. The queueing system is modeled by a bipartite graph, where the vertices represent customer or server types and the edges represent compatible customer-server pairs. We propose a threshold-based two-price policy and queue length-based maximum-weight matching policy and show that it achieves a near-optimal profit. We study the system under the large-scale regime, wherein the arrival rates are scaled up, and under the large-market regime, wherein both the arrival rates and numbers of customer and server types increase. We show that two-price policy is a primary driver for optimality in the large-scale regime. We demonstrate the advantage of maximum-weight matching with respect to the number of customer and server types. Concurrently, we show that the interplay of pricing and matching is crucial for optimality in the large-market regime.
ASIS Edge Computing Model to Determine the Communication Protocols for IoT Based Irrigation
Authors: Premkumar S. , Sigappi AN.
Published: February 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) provide a promising Smart irrigation facilitator for continual monitoring and control of environmental parameters, thereby leading to a huge volume of data to be efficiently collected, transferred, processed and stored. The deployment of cloud-based infrastructure with on-field connectedness, allowing information exchange among IoT nodes, and the usage of energy scavenging (e.g., solar power) in feeding them, become necessary, since agricultural fields are in lack of wired energy supply and, often, a reliable (Internet) network coverage. Therefore, these issues can be addressed through the integration of Edge computing in IoT scenarios. An efficient strategy is required to select the best communication technology with a motive of increasing the network performance between the IoT devices, Edge device and cloud. Application Specific Infrastructure Selection (ASIS) is an edge computing model developed to select the appropriate communication protocols according to the infrastructure requirements of three different real time scenarios namely: Assembly line automation, Smart parking system and Automatic irrigation system are deployed to get the most suitable application specific protocol from ZigBee, LoRa (Long Range) and LoWPAN (Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network) to implement in real-time basis. ASIS model is proposed as a network resource manager that is capable of sensing, acting, signal processing, and/or communication abilities to perform a protocol selection according to their physical and technological limitations. Further Edge based ASIS model is developed to enhance the network performance even better when compared with cloud-based model. Automatic irrigation system is extended in the Edge based ASIS model. The overall ASIS system is evaluated by means of network parameters such as network usage, network delay and power consumption. The ASIS model and Edge based ASIS model is deployed in iFogSim simulator that compares each protocol used in the above IoT scenarios. Finally, the scenario of Automatic irrigation system is modeled using Edge based ASIS model where ZigBee with edge performs better compared with cloud-based model. Experimental results show that ASIS based Edge implementation lessen the overall network parameters in contrast to non-edge deployment in automatic irrigation scenario.
Synchronization of rumen degradable protein with non-fiber carbohydrate on microbial protein synthesis and dairy ration digestibility
Authors: Rosmalia Annisa , Permana Idat Galih , Despal Despal
Published: February 2022

Background and Aim: Dairy ration formulations should consider the synchronization of the rumen degradable protein (RDP) to rumen undegradable protein (RUP) ratio (RDPR) with non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) to achieve optimum microbial protein synthesis (MPS), reduce feed costs, and reduce N excretion to the environment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RDPR and NFC synchronization on in vitro digestibility, fermentability, and MPS.

Materials and Methods: The experiment used a 3×3 factorial randomized block design with four replications. The first factor was RDPR (RDPR1=50:50; RDPR2=55:45; RDPR3=60:40) and the second factor was NFC levels (NFC1=30%, NFC2=35%, NFC3=40%). The experimental diets were evaluated using a two-stage in vitro method. The examined parameters included rumen pH, NH3 concentration, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, the molar proportion of VFAs, rumen microbes (protozoa and total bacteria population), and MPS. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by the Duncan test.

Results: The results show that neither RDPR nor NFC affected rumen pH, NH3, total VFA, and the rumen microbe population. The interaction between RDPR and NFC affected the molar proportion of acetate, iso-butyrate, and n-valerate. The combination of RDPR1 and NFC1 produced a lower molar proportion of acetate (49.73%) than the other treatment combinations (>54%). The acetate to propionate ratio was influenced by the NFC levels, in which NFC2 and NFC3 produced the highest ratio (p<0.05). MPS was affected by RDPR and NFC, but not by their interaction. Treatments NFC2 and RDPR3 produced the highest MPS. NFC affected the dry matter and organic matter digestibility (DMD and OMD), with treatment NFC3 resulting in the highest DMD and OMD.

Conclusion: The combination of a 60:40 RDPR with 35% NFC resulted in the best synchronization of protein and energy available for MPS and digestion activity in the rumen.
The Role of Mutation Induction Technology in Forage Breeding
Authors: Fanindi Achmad , Harmini Harmini
Published: February 2022

Mutation induction in breeding is one of many ways to improve the character of a plant, including forage crops.  Formation of new variety of forage plants, especially grass is still very rare in Indonesia due to several obstacles, including the flower structure, ploid and reproductive systems of forage plants. Mutation induction in breeding as a method of producing new varieties of forage plants (grass and legume) can be utilized by eliminating the constraints in forage plants, because it can create new variety without being restricted by floral structure and reproductive system of plant. The paper aims to describe the mutation breeding and its methods on forage plants and its prospect to obtain new varieties of superior forage plants to meet the needs of forage in Indonesia. A number of factors, including mutation technique, mutagenic type, seed and other factors, are determining the success of mutational breeding. The creation of new types of forage plants by mutation-induction is aiming to increase productivity, improve forage performances and resist abiotic and biotic stress. Mutation breeding is expected to produce new varieties of superior forage plants in a relatively shorter time, because forage plants can be propagated in a vegetative or generative manner. It is epxected that the assembly of new varieties of forage plants can meet the needs of forage in quantity and quality.
Política do reconhecimento: do reconhecimento à identidade em Taylor
Authors: Domingues Silva da Costa Caroline
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Este artigo discute os conceitos de identidade e reconhecimento fundamentados na concepção de Charles Taylor a partir de sua obra Multiculturalismo (1998). Identidade possui uma relação direta com reconhecimento, uma vez que, para a identidade ser formada, parte dela é pela existência ou inexistência do reconhecimento. Taylor propõe uma política da diferença, visto que tal política possibilita o reconhecimento das diferenças existentes em cada indivíduo, o que proporciona uma possível sociedade multicultural não-hegemônica. Com isso, é possível observar neste artigo a elaboração do pensamento do autor acerca dos conceitos de identidade e reconhecimento. Também, é possível notar como estes conceitos viabilizam o reconhecimento de grupos minoritários que estão inseridos no corpo social. Para além disso, é analisado como que esses conceitos se tornam fundamentais para conseguir compreender a intersubjetividade de cada indivíduo e de como eles são indissociáveis ao se pensar em uma luta por reconhecimento daqueles que tiveram o reconhecimento de suas identidades negadas.
Palavras-chave: Autenticidade; Identidade; Intersubjetividade; Política da Diferença; Reconhecimento.
Politics of Recognition: from recognition to identity in Taylor
Abstract: This paper discusses the concepts of identity and recognition based on Charles Taylor’s conception from his book Multiculturalism (1998). Identity has a direct relationship with recognition, since, for identity to be formed, part of it is due to the existence or non-existence of recognition. Taylor proposes a politics of difference, since such politics make it possible the recognition of the differences that exist in each individual, which provides a possible non-hegemonic multicultural society. With this, it is possible to observe in this article the elaboration of the author’s thought regarding the concepts of identity and recognition. Also, it is possible to notice how these concepts enable the recognition of minority groups that are inserted in the social body. Furthermore, it is analyzed how these concepts become essential in order to understand the intersubjectivity of each individual and how they are inseparable when we think about the fight for recognition of those who have their identities been denied to.
Keywords: Authenticity; Identity; Intersubjectivity; Politics of Difference; Recognition.
 
Data de registro: 04/12/2020
Data de aceite: 10/04/2021
A Nova Scientia Tentatur, de Vico, e a Filologia
Authors: Leite Neto Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho se situa na exposição dos critérios abordados pelo filósofo Giambattista Vico (1668–1744) em atribuir à filologia e filosofia um caráter científico quanto às suas metodologias. O pensador napolitano encarava essas duas grandes ciências como valoradas a desvelar o aparato epistemológico da natureza humana. Dessa forma, a partir dos escritos de 1720–1722 (De uno e o De constantia iurisprudentis), envoltos às tratativas jurídicas no encalço de uma fonte jurisfilosófica da humanidade, tece sua argumentação ao tratar do equânime direito das gentes e sua necessidade ao bem-estar das repúblicas. Entretanto, ao identificar as várias etimologias e as diversas passagens históricas que demarcaram a caminhada humana, concentra, a partir de então, sua busca ao entorno da natureza humana, porém, apoiando-se à constância da razão, isto é, da filosofia, e à autoridade marcada pela filologia em se debruçar na cronologia e nos costumes humanos. Portanto, é mediante esses pressupostos que o filósofo busca na filologia, uma nova Scientia.
Palavras-chave: Filosofia; Filologia; Giambattista Vico; Ciência; Científico.
La Nova Scientia Tentatur di Vico e la Filologia
Riassunto: L'obiettivo da questo lavoro è situato nella esposizione degli criteri abbordato per il filosofo Giambattista Vico (1668-1744) in attribuire alla filosofia e filologia un carattere scientifico nelle sue metodologie. Il pensatore napoletano fissava queste due grandi scienze come apprezzate a svelare il comune struttura epistemologica alla natura umana. Così, a partire delle scritte del 1720-1722 (De uno e il De constantia iurisprudentis), involti alle trattative giuridiche nel incalzo di una fonte giurisfilosofica della umanità, scrive suo argomento al trattare del'equanime diritto delle genti, e la sua necessità al benestare delle repubbliche. Tuttavia, al identificare le varie etimologie e le diverse passaggi storici che delimitano il camminare umano, concentra d'allora in poi, la sua ricerca all'intorno della natura umana, nonostante basandosi alla costanza della ragione cioè della filosofia, alla autorità tracciata per la filologia in chinarsi nella cronologia e costumi umani. È per questo che mediante queste presupposti il filosofo cerca nella filologia, una nuova Scientia.
Parole-chiave: Filosofia; Filologia; Giambattista Vico; Scienza; Scientifico.
 
Data de registro: 04/06/2021
Data de aceite: 01/09/2021
Entrevista‌ ‌com‌ ‌o‌ ‌Profº‌ ‌Dr‌ ‌Giovanni‌ ‌Semeraro
Authors: Galine Fernando Tadeu Mondi
Published: February 2022

Giovanni Semeraro é membro fundador e foi Presidente da International Gramsci Society-Brasil (IGS-Br) 2014-2017. Graduou-se em Filosofia pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (1985), é Mestre em Teologia pela Pontifícia Universidade Gregoriana de Roma/Itália (1977), Mestre em Filosofia da Educação pela Fundação Getúlio Vargas/RJ (1990), doutorado-sanduíche em Filosofia Politica na Università degli Studi di Padova/Italia (1996), Doutor em Educação pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (1998) e Pós-Doutor na Universidade de Urbino/Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici di Napoli 2007-2008 com a supervisão do Prof. Domenico Losurdo. Atualmente é Professor Titular na Universidade Federal Fluminense onde leciona Filosofia da Educação na Graduação e no Programa de Pós-Graduação (PPGE). Para além disso, coordena o Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Filosofia Política e Educação (NUFIPE). Reconhecido em todos os campos das Ciências Humanas.
Para uma crítica da objetividade no monitoramento da qualidade da educação básica no Brasil
Authors: Araújo Abelardo Bento
Published: February 2022

Para uma crítica da objetividade no monitoramento da qualidade da educação básica no Brasil 
Resumo: O objetivo deste texto analisar criticamente os aspectos da política de monitoramento da qualidade da educação básica no Brasil que se orientam por uma suposta possibilidade de controle científico/objetivo da qualidade do ensino. Trata-se de uma discussão de base bibliográfica. Por meio da abordagem de algumas concepções e consequências dessas políticas, discute-se a cientificidade alegada pela política de monitoramento da qualidade da educação como categoria ideológica. Por fim, evidencia-se a possibilidade de as medidas adotadas na política educacional desviarem o foco do enfrentamento real das desigualdades educacionais, convertendo-se em mera gestão de dados do fracasso escolar.
Palavras-chave: Monitoramento; Qualidade da educação; Ciência; Ideologia.
 
For a review of objectivity in quality monitoring of basic education in Brazil
Abstract: The purpose of this text is to analyze critically the aspects of the policy for quality monitoring of basic education in Brazil, which is guided by a supposed possibility of scientific control/objective of the quality of education. This is a bibliographical discussion. By approaching some conceptions and consequences of these policies, we discuss a scientificity alleged by the policy of monitoring the quality of education as an ideological category. Finally, the evidence can be adopted as measures adopted in deviated educational policy or in the real focus of facing educational inequalities, becoming the management of school education data.
Keywords: Monitoring; Quality of education; Science; Ideology.
 
Para una revisión de la objetividad en el monitoreo de la calidad de la educación básica en Brasil
Resumen: El objetivo de este texto es analizar críticamente los aspectos de la política de monitoreo de la calidad de la educación básica en Brasil, que se guía por una supuesta posibilidad de control científico / objetivo de la calidad de la educación. Esta es una discusión bibliográfica. Al abordar algunas concepciones y consecuencias de estas políticas, discutimos una cientificidad alegada por la política de monitoreo de la calidad de la educación como categoría ideológica. Finalmente, la evidencia se puede adoptar como medidas adoptadas en una política educativa desviada o en el enfoque real de enfrentar las desigualdades educativas, convirtiéndose en el manejo de los datos de educación escolar.
Palabras clave: Monitoreo; Calidad de la educación; Ciencia; Ideología.
 
Data de registro: 27/12/2019
Data de aceite: 22/09/2021
O ensino de filosofia para/com crianças:
Authors: Nunes da Cunha Junior Williams , Ferreira Freitas Isabel , Do Rêgo Ferreira Vanessa
Published: February 2022

O ensino de filosofia para/com crianças: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Resumo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar, na literatura existente, quais os estudos sobre filosofia para/com crianças que investigam sobre as experiências das crianças nessa prática. Por meio de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL), realizada em três etapas: planejamento, seleção e extração, em cinco bases de dados diferentes, encontramos trinta e três (33) pesquisas sobre o ensino de filosofia para crianças (Philosophy for Children), porém, apenas duas (2) pesquisas que abordam especificamente sobre as experiências das crianças com o ensino de filosofia. Por meio dessa Revisão, desejamos contribuir com as pesquisas sobre Filosofia para Crianças.
Palavras-chave: Crianças; Filosofia; Infância; Revisão.
 
The teaching philosophy to/with children: a sistematic review of literature
Abstract: The presente study aims to indetify, in the existing literature, which studies on philosophy for / with  children that investigate children’s experience in this practice. Through Sistematic Literature Review (SLR), carried out in the three stages: planning, selection and extraction, in five different databases, we found thirty-three (33) researches on teaching philosophy to children, however, only two (2) surveys that specifically address children’s experiences with teaching philosophy. Through this Review we wish to contribute to research on Philosophy for Children.
Keywords: Children; Philosophy; Childhood; Review.
 
La enseñanza de la filosofía con/para niños: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Resumen: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar, en la literatura existente, qué estudios de filosofía para / con niños que investigan las experiencias de los niños en esta práctica. Mediante una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura (RSL), realizada en tres etapas: planificación, selección y extracción, en cinco bases de datos diferentes, encontramos treinta y tres (33) investigaciones sobre la enseñanza de la filosofía a los niños (Filosofía para Niños) sin embargo, solo dos (2) encuestas que abordan específicamente las experiencias de los niños con la enseñanza de la filosofía. A través de esta revisión, deseamos contribuir a la investigación sobre Filosofía para Niños.
Palabras Clave: Niños; Filosofía; Infancia; Revisión.
 
Data de registro: 07/01/2021
Data de aceite: 22/09/2021