bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Budaya Organisasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Dewa Snack Kota Kediri
Authors: Aini Zuhrotul , Wildan Fawaâ€™id Muhamad
Published: April 2024

Salah satu aset terpenting perusahaan saat ini adalah sumber daya manusia. karena berpengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan hidup perusahaan. Dengan adanya budaya organisasi yang dijunjung tinggi oleh karyawan serta dijadikan pedoman dasar dalam mengatur tingkah laku karyawan dapat memberikan kinerja yang optimal. Begitu juga dengan lingkungan kerja merupakan suatu hal yang penting untuk diperhatikan oleh perusahaan dan merupakan salah satu faktor dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui budaya organisasi, dan lingkungan kerja pada Dewa Snack, serta untuk mengetahui peran budaya organisasi dan lingkungan kerja dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan Dewa Snack Kota Kediri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan field research atau penelitian lapangan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan tringulasi data yang meliputi observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Sedangkan lokasi penelitian berada di Dewa Snack Kota Kediri di Jalan Raya Balekambang No.75 Desa Blabak, Kec. Pesantren, Kota Kediri. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang dilakukan di Dewa Snack Kota Kediri seperti ngaji rutin, kajian rutin, sholat berjamaah, dzikir pagi, breafing, dapat memberikan dampak positif dan warna baru pada kinerja karyawan untuk meningkatkan secara optimal. Sedangkan lingkungan kerja secara fisik dari penerangan cahaya, musik, temperatur udara, serta tata letak meskipun di tata letak terdapat beberapa bagian divisi lain memiliki kekurangan tidak mempengaruhi karyawan untuk terus meningkatkan kinerjannya. Sehingga peran budaya organisasi dan lingkungan kerja perusahaan mengalami peningkatan di tahun 2019 sebesar 29,16%, di tahun 2020 perusahan kembali mengalami peningkatan sebesar 1,99%, dan di tahun 2021 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 8,53%.
FROM A SPECIAL COURSE IN PRISON STUDIES TO THE SCIENCE OF PENAL ENFORCEMENT LAW: THE SCIENTIFIC LEGACY OF NIKOLAI ALEKSEEVICH STRUCHKOV
Authors: Shuruhnov Nikolaj Grigor’evich , Akchurin Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: April 2024

The article briefly presents some biographical data of the outstanding legal scientist of Russia, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Honored Worker of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, Major General of the Internal Service Struchkov Nikolai Alekseevich, Doctor of Law, Professor, organizer of departmental (Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia) legal education. Some provisions of his works relating to criminal, correctional labor, and penal enforcement law are presented. His contribution to the development of the general theoretical foundations of the science of correctional labor law, which influenced the formation of methodological approaches to the formation of general and particular theories, the allocation of correctional labor law as an independent branch of the law of legal science, the expansion of the subject covering the legal regulation of the execution of all types of criminal penalties, the role of morality and morality in their implementation. His merits in the development of correctional labor (penal enforcement) legislation, the main directions of penal enforcement policy, its role in the fight against crime are presented.
REALIZATION BY ENTREPRENEURS HELD IN PRE-TRIAL DETENTION CENTERS OF THE RIGHT TO ISSUE DOCUMENTS CERTIFIED BY A NOTARY
Authors: Grushin Fedor Vladimirovich , Zhilko Irina Anatol’evna , Kupirova Chulpan Sheukatovna
Published: April 2024

Taking into account the analysis of the current legislation, including the new Internal Regulations of pre-trial detention facilities of the penal enforcement system in 2022, judicial statistics and law enforcement practice, the article examines some features of the implementation by entrepreneurs held in pre-trial detention facilities of the right to issue documents certified by a notary. In relation to entrepreneurs accused of committing crimes in the field of entrepreneurial and other economic activities, a preventive measure in the form of detention may be applied only as an exception. At the same time, there are a number of exceptions to the prohibition on the use of a preventive measure in the form of detention against entrepreneurs provided for in Part 1.1 of Article 108 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. There is a certain legal mechanism for applying a preventive measure in connection with the right of an accused entrepreneur held in a pre-trial detention center to meet with a notary. The new Internal Regulations of pre-trial detention facilities of the penal enforcement system establish a certain procedure for visits of suspects and accused persons in the field of entrepreneurial activity with a notary in order to certify a power of attorney for the right to represent interests.
PENALTIES AND OTHER MEASURES OF A CRIMINAL NATURE IN THE LEGISLATION OF ENGLAND AND WALES
Authors: Borsuchenko Svetlana Alekseevna
Published: April 2024

In the context of reforming the criminal and penal enforcement legislation of the Russian Federation and the practice of its application, it is of interest to analyze the legislation of foreign countries within the framework of comparative jurisprudence, including the legislation of England and Wales, characterized by complexity and casuistry, as well as other specific features inherent in the Anglo-Saxon legal family. The active interaction of various legal systems in the modern world makes it possible to better understand the values, priorities, trends and prospects for the development of national law. The study of foreign legislation also contributes to an objective assessment of legal and cultural integration and unification. The article examines the features of the system and types of punishments, security measures, and other measures of a criminal nature provided for by English law from the author’s point of view, analyzes their content, the procedure for appointment and execution, legal regulation, and the discretionary powers of the courts. Special attention is paid to the structure of the penitentiary system and the probation service of this country.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN THE APPLICATION OF MEASURES AIMED AT THE SUPPRESSION OF OFFENSES BY THE STAFF OF PENITENTIARY INSTITUTIONS: LEGAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS
Authors: Grishin Dmitrij Aleksandrovich , Kuznecova Nadezhda Konstantinovna
Published: April 2024

The article presents the foreign experience of the use of coercive measures aimed at suppressing the illegal behavior of convicts and persons in custody. An important role in the legal regulation of the issues under consideration belongs to the normative legal acts of a recommendatory nature adopted by the United Nations, as well as international legal acts of penitentiary legislation. The content of the requirements for the use of force, special means and firearms by the personnel of penitentiary departments in relation to convicts allowed us to identify the basic principles that must necessarily be taken into account in national legislative acts. The authors make a number of proposals for improving Russian legislation
Problems of educational work with convicts in the context of their re-socialization
Authors: Adoevskaya Ol’ga
Published: April 2024

The article identifies and analyzes the problems of educational work with convicts in the context of their re-socialization. The author comes to the conclusion that the current penal enforcement legislation does not fully reflect the role and content of educational work with convicts. It is proposed to provide an approximate list of educational measures, to identify the subjects responsible for conducting educational work, as well as the forms of their interaction with convicts in order to correct and re-socialize them. In order to effectively organize educational work, it is necessary to achieve an approximately equal ratio of the number of employees and convicts in a correctional institution. It is recommended to develop and test the technology of organizing the work of the school for the preparation of convicts for release with a focus on taking into account in its work the resources of both state structures and non-profit organizations, as well as the convicts themselves and their immediate environment.
Ignorance is not all bliss
Authors:   , Kwee Caroline Marianna Bernadette
Published: April 2024

Approximately 30-50% of patients do not benefit from current treatments for anxiety disorders. The development of novel treatment strategies besides existing treatments is therefore highly needed. Cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabis constituent with an advantageous safety profile, is frequently used by patients for treating anxiety symptoms, but its effectiveness in this regard has not often been studied.

We synthesized past research into CBD and anxiety to 1) provide an indication of clinical efficacy and 2) elucidate what constitutes a dose that is anxiety-reducing. We found generally positive evidence in the literature for anxiety reducing effects of CBD and related compounds, however, the quality of the evidence was low. The results of our analyses precluded a straightforward dosing recommendation in humans.

We investigated whether augmentation of exposure therapy with CBD could benefit treatment refractory patients with social anxiety disorder and patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia. As an adjunct to exposure therapy, CBD compared to placebo did not lead to faster, stronger and/or more enduring improvement on clinical outcomes. A fear conditioning task was administered as part of this clinical trial. Our results indicated decreased threat expectation under increasing levels of threat imminence at retention in the group randomized to receive CBD. Lastly, we examined whether we could predict response to exposure therapy with a fear conditioning task before therapy commencement, by looking into individual differences in fear extinction and safety learning. Our findings were inconclusive, which may be due to the relatively small sample size.

In this thesis we demonstrated that CBD, when applied before each exposure therapy session, is not effective, and that there is a lack of clarity about what constitutes the ‘right’ dose of CBD for treating anxiety symptoms. Our work narrowed down potential clinical applications of CBD, which should be scrutinized in future research.
Perspectiva crítica para la enseñanza del pensamiento computacional
Authors: Bravo-Preciado Wilder , Castiblanco-Carrasco Rodulfo Armando , Pascuas-Rengifo Yois Smith
Published: April 2024

Esta aproximación conceptual sobre pensamiento computacional busca fundamentar el desarrollo de propuestas para su enseñanza desde una perspectiva crítica, lo que implicaría avanzar desde un proceso caracterizado por el instrumentalismo de su formación hacia uno que fortalezca procesos cognitivos como el pensamiento crítico, el razonamiento lógico y la resolución de problemas. Se abordaron tres categorías de análisis, la primera, reconoce el pensamiento computacional como una de las habilidades digitales fundamentales para el desempeño de las personas en un mundo caracterizado por los avances tecnológicos. La segunda categoría, explora un análisis epistemológico de la educación en tecnología y su importancia en la construcción de propuestas de enseñanza. Finalmente, la tercera categoría se construye a partir de los elementos teóricos abordados, proponiendo algunos aspectos que pueden fundamentar propuestas de enseñanza del pensamiento computacional desde el reconocimiento como una habilidad digital enmarcada dentro de una visión distinta para una educación en tecnología.
This conceptual approach to computational thinking seeks to support the development of proposals for its teaching from a critical perspective, which would imply moving forward from a process characterized by the instrumentalism of its training towards one that strengthens cognitive processes such as critical thinking, logical reasoning and problem resolution. Three categories of analysis were addressed, the first recognizes computational thinking as one of the fundamental digital skills for people's performance in a world characterized by technological advances. The second category explores an epistemological analysis of technology education and its importance in the construction of teaching proposals. Finally, the third category is built from the theoretical elements addressed, proposing some aspects that can support teaching proposals for computational thinking from the recognition as a digital skill framed within a different vision for technology education.
An overview of animal tissue decellularization techniques and clinical applications
Authors: Pineda-Molina Catalina , Galvis-Escobar Sara María , Molina-Sierra Juan David , Ruíz-Soto Juan Pablo , Rego-Londoño Maria Antonia
Published: April 2024

There is a persistent an urgent need to solve tissue and organ donor shortage issues. Decellularized tissues represent a promising alternative to other biologic and synthetic treatments that have been developed, since they aim to retain native tissue characteristics that would help in the regenerative processes such as prolifera-tion, cellular adhesion, and the presence of growth factors, while minimizing the chances of an unwanted host immune response. In the present review, we describe the most common methodologies for decellularization pro-cesses, as well as the clinical applications of these biomaterials.
Estado actual de la adopción de la industria 4.0 en pymes colombianas: desafíos y oportunidades
Authors: Muñoz-Pinzón Dairo Steven , Valencia-Rivero Karen Tatiana , Caviativa-Castro Yaneth Patricia , Castillo-Bustos Johan Sneider
Published: April 2024

Se investigó la adopción de tecnologías de la Industria 4.0 en pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) colombianas. Se analizaron avances en investigación y se caracterizó a 121 PYMES en de manufactura, servicios y agrícolas. Se observa una baja adopción de tecnologías de la Industria 4.0 en las PYMES, con desafíos comunes como falta de infraestructura y altos costos de inversión. Además, cada sector enfrenta desafíos específicos como ciberseguridad, recursos financieros y resistencia al cambio. La transición exitosa hacia la Industria 4.0 requiere superar barreras y adoptar estrategias adaptadas a cada sector para abordar estos desafíos y aprovechar las oportunidades.
The adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Colombia was investigated. Research advancements were analyzed, and 121 SMEs in the manufacturing, services, and agricultural sectors were characterized. The main finding indicates a low adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in SMEs, with common challenges such as lack of infrastructure and high investment costs. Additionally, each sector faces specific challenges including cybersecurity, financial resources, and resistance to change. Successful transition to Industry 4.0 requires overcoming barriers and adopting sector-specific strategies to address these challenges and seize opportunities.
Analisis 1 Timotius 2:11-12 terkait Perdebatan Kepemimpinan Wanita dalam Gereja
Authors: Stella Yunita
Published: April 2024

One of the most controversial texts in the history of biblical interpretation relating to women's participation in church teaching and leadership is 1 Timothy 2:11-12. This text is seen as completely inconsistent with the total testimony of the NT. The Complementarian group used this text as the basis for prohibiting women from teaching and leading in the church. Meanwhile, the Egalitarian group believes that Paul's statement in 1 Timothy 2:11-12 is not a manual for church order that must be applied universally to limit women's ministry in all times and places. This research analyzes the text of 1 Timothy 2:11-12 regarding the debate on women's leadership in the church. The method used is exegesis, with the aim of finding meaning according to the original author's intentions when the text was written. The results of this research found that there are certain women who have exercised authority with dominance that demeans men. For that reason, Paul instructed certain women not to teach and command men.
Kerkelijke Eigendom : Memahami Hak Milik Gereja Di Indonesia Era Kolonial
Authors: Juwono Harto
Published: April 2024

This research aims to elucidate the history of land ownership by Christian Church institutions in the Dutch East Indies colony. In addition to providing a descriptive account of its development, this article endeavors to delve into various documentary sources concerning ownership, particularly the legal status associated with the Christian Church as an institution within the colonial legal framework. Through an examination of its legal standing, this research seeks to discern the nature of the Church's land ownership. Given the historical nature of this study, the historical method is employed to guide the research towards a comprehensive reconstruction. This method comprises five phases: document exploration (heuristic), critical analysis, exceptions, interpretation, and reconstruction. Emphasis is placed on authentic documents to ensure the accuracy and objectivity of the information presented in this reconstruction. In conclusion, this report elucidates the legal status of the Christian Church under the colonial legal system and its implications for material ownership by the Church based on its legal standing. Thus, shedding light on the origins of asset ownership status held by the Christian Church in present-day Indonesia.
Persembahan Persepuluhan Menurut Maleakhi 3:6-12
Authors: Binar Sri Binar , Koeswono Edwin Sucipto , Koeswono Olivia Sharon
Published: April 2024

This research discusses the tithe offering according to Malachi 3:6-12, which is one of the topics with a high level of complexity, resulting in various interpretations. Tithing is also a highly sensitive issue in the lives of believers in relation to the church, causing controversies and even divisions. The method used is topical/theological exegesis with an emphasis on contextual-historical analysis. As a result, it is found that tithing is one of God's commands for the nation of Israel who deviated from the Torah law. Regarding the location of tithing, it is the house of God, which in the Old Testament refers to a place within the house of God, but nowadays it can refer to the church, organizations, or individuals in need, not limited to the local church, as long as it is to advance the work of God and not for the personal interests of the recipient. The purpose or result of obedience in giving tithes is gratitude and the glorification of God's name. Tithing represents a discontinuity because believers today do not live under the Torah law, but under the grace of God through the death of Christ.
The NFATc1/P2X7 receptor relationship in human intervertebral disc cells
Authors: Notarangelo Maria Pina , Penolazzi Letizia , Lambertini Elisabetta , Falzoni Simonetta , De Bonis Pasquale , Capanni Cristina , Di Virgilio Francesco , Piva Roberta
Published: April 2024

A comprehensive understanding of the molecules that play key roles in the physiological and pathological homeostasis of the human intervertebral disc (IVD) remains challenging, as does the development of new therapeutic treatments. We recently found a positive correlation between IVD degeneration (IDD) and P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) expression increases both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. Using immunocytochemistry, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), overexpression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we found that NFATc1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are critical regulators of P2X7R. Both transcription factors are recruited at the promoter of the P2RX7 gene and involved in its positive and negative regulation, respectively. Furthermore, using the proximity ligation assay, we revealed that P2X7R and NFATc1 form a molecular complex and that P2X7R is closely associated with lamin A/C, a major component of the nuclear lamina. Collectively, our study identifies, for the first time, P2X7R and NFATc1 as markers of IVD degeneration and demonstrates that both NFATc1 and lamin A/C are interaction partners of P2X7R.
A review of the mechanisms that confer antibiotic resistance in pathotypes of E. coli
Authors: Nasrollahian Sina , Graham Jay P. , Halaji Mehrdad
Published: April 2024

The dissemination of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. This review provides a comprehensive update on the diverse mechanisms employed by E. coli in developing resistance to antibiotics. We primarily focus on pathotypes of E. coli (e.g., uropathogenic E. coli) and investigate the genetic determinants and molecular pathways that confer resistance, shedding light on both well-characterized and recently discovered mechanisms. The most prevalent mechanism continues to be the acquisition of resistance genes through horizontal gene transfer, facilitated by mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and transposons. We discuss the role of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases in conferring resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, which remain vital in clinical practice. The review covers the key resistant mechanisms, including: 1) Efflux pumps and porin mutations that mediate resistance to a broad spectrum of antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides; 2) adaptive strategies employed by E. coli, including biofilm formation, persister cell formation, and the activation of stress response systems, to withstand antibiotic pressure; and 3) the role of regulatory systems in coordinating resistance mechanisms, providing insights into potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Understanding the intricate network of antibiotic resistance mechanisms in E. coli is crucial for the development of effective strategies to combat this growing public health crisis. By clarifying these mechanisms, we aim to pave the way for the design of innovative therapeutic approaches and the implementation of prudent antibiotic stewardship practices to preserve the efficacy of current antibiotics and ensure a sustainable future for healthcare.
The effects of acute exercise on long-term episodic memory: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qazi Ahmed S. , Schmid Daphne , Gridley Nicole , Lambourne Kate , Daly-Smith Andrew J. , Tomporowski Phillip D.
Published: April 2024

Research findings reveal a relationship between acute bouts of exercise and procedural/declarative memory. Prior systematic reviews report small/moderate effects of acute exercise on episodic long-term declarative memory. A somewhat overlooked issue is the influence of exercise on specific types of episodic memory processing. The primary focus of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of acute bouts of exercise prior to, during, and following encoding on free-, cued-recall, and recognition episodic memory. PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases were entered, and 42 experiments were subject to meta-analysis. Exercise prior to encoding improved memory (d = 0.23) and affected free-recall (d = 0.40) tests of memory more than cued-recall (d = 0.08) or recognition (d = −0.06) memory. Exercise following encoding improved memory (d = 0.33) and affected recognition (d = 0.62) memory more than free- (d = 0.19) or cued-recall (d = 0.14) memory. Exercise during encoding did not influence memory (d = −0.04). Moderator analyses revealed that exercise before encoding impacted memory differentially on the basis of age, exercise type, and test-timing. When exercise occurred after encoding, age and exercise type, but not timing of the test influenced memory performance. Exercise before and after encoding has selective effects on episodic memory. Additional experiments that evaluate how bouts of exercise influence memory encoding are warranted.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO, identifier CRD42020202784.
Characterization of myocardial injury phenotype by thermal liquid biopsy
Authors: Lidani Karita C. F. , Buscaglia Robert , Trainor Patrick J. , Tomar Shubham , Kaliappan Alagammai , DeFilippis Andrew P. , Garbett Nichola C.
Published: April 2024

Background and aims

With the advent and implementation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays, differentiation of patients with distinct types of myocardial injuries, including acute thrombotic myocardial infarction (TMI), acute non-thrombotic myocardial injury (nTMi), and chronic coronary atherosclerotic disease (cCAD), is of pressing clinical importance. Thermal liquid biopsy (TLB) emerges as a valuable diagnostic tool, relying on identifying thermally induced conformational changes of biomolecules in blood plasma. While TLB has proven useful in detecting and monitoring several cancers and autoimmune diseases, its application in cardiovascular diseases remains unexplored. In this proof-of-concept study, we sought to determine and characterize TLB profiles in patients with TMI, nTMi, and cCAD at multiple acute-phase time points (T 0 h, T 2 h, T 4 h, T 24 h, T 48 h) as well as a follow-up time point (Tfu) when the patient was in a stable state.

Methods

TLB profiles were collected for 115 patients (60 with TMI, 35 with nTMi, and 20 with cCAD) who underwent coronary angiography at the event presentation and had subsequent follow-up. Medical history, physical, electrocardiographic, histological, biochemical, and angiographic data were gathered through medical records, standardized patient interviews, and core laboratory measurements.

Results

Distinctive signatures were noted in the median TLB profiles across the three patient types. TLB profiles for TMI and nTMi patients exhibited gradual changes from T0 to Tfu, with significant differences during the acute and quiescent phases. During the quiescent phase, all three patient types demonstrated similar TLB signatures. An unsupervised clustering analysis revealed a unique TLB signature for the patients with TMI. TLB metrics generated from specific features of TLB profiles were tested for differences between patient groups. The first moment temperature (TFM) metric distinguished all three groups at time of presentation (T0). In addition, 13 other TLB-derived metrics were shown to have distinct distributions between patients with TMI and those with cCAD.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrated the use of TLB as a sensitive and data-rich technique to be explored in cardiovascular diseases, thus providing valuable insight into acute myocardial injury events.
Modelling runoff components and hydrological processes in glaciated catchments of the inner Tien-Shan, Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Sadyrov Sanjar , Tanaka Kenji , Satylkanov Rysbek , Khujanazarov Temur , Touge Yoshiya , Fujita Koji
Published: April 2024

Accurately quantifying runoff sources and understanding hydrological processes in glaciated mountain basins is essential for effective water resource management in the face of climate change. This study aimed to determine the contributions from various runoff sources in glaciated basins within the inner Tien-Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan by utilizing integrated land surface, glacier energy-mass balance, and river routing models. To account for local topographic influences on solar radiation and cloud transmissivity processes, gridded meteorological forcing data were downscaled. The integrated models were then evaluated against observed discharge, glacier mass balance, and snow water equivalent, with a focus on the Kara-Batkak glacier reference site. Shortwave radiation correction was particularly important for improving the accuracy of model simulations. The results indicate that the peak glacier melt contribution occurs in July and August, with some basins reaching up to 54%. On an annual basis, the average contribution from glaciers across the basins was found to be 19%, while the ratios of snowmelt and rainfall were 58% and 23%, respectively. This study highlights the utility of integrated modelling approaches in understanding and quantifying runoff components in data-scarce high mountain regions. The incorporation of observed glacier data proved to be crucial for accurately representing hydrological processes under current climatic conditions. These findings underscore the significance of considering glacier dynamics and their influence on water resources to inform effective water management strategies in glaciated mountain basins.
Application of non-contact video quantitative measurement method in reservoir bank landslide monitoring
Authors: Li Yang , Li Jun , Pei Junrui , Chen Wenjun , Luo Guangqiang , Xia Gang
Published: April 2024

The geological structure of the reservoir bank landslide is complex and intricate. After deformation and damage, it causes river blockage, surges, and loss of people’s lives and property, posing a huge threat. At present, in academia and engineering applications, a large number of techniques such as inclinometers, rain gauges, and surface GNSS deformation monitoring are still used for monitoring landslides on reservoir banks. This type of monitoring method has the problem of “point to surface” which can easily lead to missed detection and reporting in some areas, some disaster points are close to water and steep, difficult to reach, and equipment installation is difficult. This work designs and implements a non-contact video quantitative monitoring system for surface deformation of geological disaster. By constructing a deep learning neural network, deformation area recognition and displacement quantitative calculation are achieved; By obtaining continuous images for a long time, draw the surface displacement-time curve, and output the surface deformation data and landform changes of the disaster. Meanwhile, this work explores the impact of different lighting conditions on the recognition results of target areas. This work can provide non-contact monitoring methods and dynamic warning support for large-scale monitoring of geological disasters.
Mechanism of rockburst induced by roadway repair under intense mining: a case study
Authors: Ma Zhenkai , Zhao Xidong , Li Sheng
Published: April 2024

Rockbursts involve a sudden failure of the coal and rock mass without any apparent macroscopic precursors, threatening the production safety of coal mines. Achieving precise prediction of potential seismic body of rockbursts and determining their inducing factors are essential for effective prevention and control of rockbursts. By investigating the “1.17” major roof accident in the Danshuigou mine, the distribution characteristics of potential high-energy seismic body in the accident roadway during multi-layer mining were studied, relationship between these characteristics and the surrounding rock damage was established, and mechanism of the high-energy seismic body-induced rockbursts in the roadway was elucidated. It was found that the repair of the roadway floor was a key factor inducing the rockburst occurrence, with multi-layer mining generating potential high-energy seismic body reaching energy densities up to 106 J/m3, resulting in roadway collapse and severe damage. Greater energy in these seismic body correlates with higher degrees of roadway impact damage. Moreover, higher energy accumulation in surrounding rock during roadway repairs leads to greater energy release. The triggering effects of roadway floor repair construction result in the instantaneous release of large elastic energy accumulated in ultrahigh-energy coal rock bodies, causing rock mass impact damage during triple mining. This study significantly contributes to understanding rockburst mechanisms and enhances the effectiveness of rockburst prediction and prevention.
The influence of past experiences on the activity of tutor teachers in training
Authors: Descoeudres Magali
Published: April 2024

This research focuses on the activity of six tutor teachers in training involved in the curriculum of primary student-teachers at the University of Teacher Education in Lausanne, in Switzerland. The post-lesson interviews managed by these tutor teachers in training show that their activity is influenced from past experiences lived as student-teachers and from the training they are following. This research aims to understand and analyze the origin from the tools used to mentor their student-teacher during the post-lesson interviews. The theoretical framework uses the concepts of the clinical activity and the method of self and crossed confrontation interviews. Through the real activity of tutor teachers in training, exposed through the methodologies of self-confrontation, our results highlight the influence of past experiences of tutor teachers in training, as well as the nature of the emotionally significant situations they experienced in the past. The influence in their actual activity as tutor teachers in training and which tools they are using from the training are also presented and discussed.
Influence of mining activities on hydrological processes in the mining district, Loess Plateau: insights from spatio-temporal variations of δD and δ18O
Authors: Zhang Wenrui , Zhang Junyi , Yang Nuan , Duan Limin
Published: April 2024

Under the influence of mining activities, investigating hydrological processes is an important cornerstone of water resources and eco-environment protection. In this study, the spatio-temporal variations of stable isotopic compositions (δD and δ18O) of river water and groundwater in five periods of a hydrological year were analyzed to identify the origin and hydraulic connection of water bodies in the mining district under mining disturbance. The δD and δ18O indicate that the water bodies in the study area are mainly recharged by local precipitation and undergo evaporation. There is a close hydraulic connection between river water, mine water, and groundwater, and the deep confined water is affected by the river water and phreatic water due to the developing water-conducting fractures. The δ18O of phreatic water in each period is depleted in the southwest and enriched in the northeast of the study area. The δ18O of confined water has an obvious spatial variation in the wet season due to the combined effects of opencast working and underground mining, whereas uniform spatial variation is observed in the dry season. Compared with the dry season, mining disturbances have a greater impact on river water and groundwater in the wet season. The difference in spatial variation of δ18O between phreatic and confined water may be attributed to the easier recovery of phreatic water than confined water after mining disturbance. This finding provides important information about the hydrological characteristics of the Pingshuo mining district.
Integrative framework of multiple processes to explain plant productivity–richness relationships
Authors: Wang Zhenhong , Arratia Juan , Yan Ting , Zhang Cong , Chiarucci Alessandro
Published: April 2024

Plant diversity and productivity, two crucial properties that sustain ecosystem structures, functions, and services, are intrinsically linked to numerous ecological fields, making productivity–richness relationships (PRR) a central ecological concern. Despite extensive research from the Darwinian era to the 21st century, the various shapes of PRR and their underlying theories have sparked ongoing debates. While several processes, theories, and integrative models have been proposed to explain PRR, a comprehensive understanding of the types of PRR, the effects of these processes on plant productivity and richness, and the relationships between PRR shapes remains elusive. This paper proposes a new integrative framework that focuses on these aspects, aiming to elucidate the diverse shapes of PRR and their interconnections. We review recent integrative methods that explain the roles of processes and the varying shapes in PRR to support this new framework. The paper traces the distinct phases in PRR research, including the discovery of PRR shapes, tests of influencing processes, and integrative research. We discuss the application of the Structural Equation Model (SEM), Statistical Dynamical Model (SDM), and Differential Dynamical Model (DDM) in integrative research. This integrative framework can guide theoretical and applied ecologists in identifying, deriving, explaining, and predicting the interconnected but distinct shapes of PRR. The humped, asymptotic, positive, negative, and irregular shapes of PRR are interconnected, with one shape potentially transforming into another. The balance between the positive and negative effects of different processes determines the different shapes of PRR, ultimately leading to a globally positive effect of plant diversity on plant productivity and other ecosystem functions.
Tumor lymphangiogenesis index reveals the immune landscape and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Weichang , Wu Zhijian , Cai Shanshan , Li Zhouhua , Wang Wenjun , Wu Juan , Luo Hongdan , Ye Xiaoqun
Published: April 2024

Background

Lymphangiogenesis (LYM) has an important role in tumor progression and is strongly associated with tumor metastasis. However, the clinical application of LYM has not progressed as expected. The potential value of LYM needs to be further developed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients.

Methods

The Sequencing data and clinical characteristics of LUAD patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEO databases. Multiple machine learning algorithms were used to screen feature genes and develop the LYM index. Immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm and drug sensitivity analysis were used to explore the correlation of LYM index with immune profile and anti-tumor therapy.

Results

We screened four lymphangiogenic feature genes (PECAM1, TIMP1, CXCL5 and PDGFB) to construct LYM index based on multiple machine learning algorithms. We divided LUAD patients into the high LYM index group and the low LYM index group based on the median LYM index. LYM index is a risk factor for the prognosis of LUAD patients. In addition, there was a significant difference in immune profile between high LYM index and low LYM index groups. LUAD patients in the low LYM index group seemed to benefit more from immunotherapy based on the results of TIDE algorithm.

Conclusion

Overall, we confirmed that the LYM index is a prognostic risk factor and a valuable predictor of immunotherapy response in LUAD patients, which provides new evidence for the potential application of LYM.
Advancements in cancer immunotherapies targeting CD20: from pioneering monoclonal antibodies to chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells
Authors: Dabkowska Agnieszka , Domka Krzysztof , Firczuk Malgorzata
Published: April 2024

CD20 located predominantly on the B cells plays a crucial role in their development, differentiation, and activation, and serves as a key therapeutic target for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. The breakthrough of monoclonal antibodies directed against CD20, notably exemplified by rituximab, revolutionized the prognosis of B-cell malignancies. Rituximab, approved across various hematological malignancies, marked a paradigm shift in cancer treatment. In the current landscape, immunotherapies targeting CD20 continue to evolve rapidly. Beyond traditional mAbs, advancements include antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), and chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR) T cells. ADCs combine the precision of antibodies with the cytotoxic potential of drugs, presenting a promising avenue for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. BsAbs, particularly CD20xCD3 constructs, redirect cytotoxic T cells to eliminate cancer cells, thereby enhancing both precision and potency in their therapeutic action. CAR-T cells stand as a promising strategy for combatting hematological malignancies, representing one of the truly personalized therapeutic interventions. Many new therapies are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. This review serves as a comprehensive summary of CD20-targeted therapies, highlighting the progress and challenges that persist. Despite significant advancements, adverse events associated with these therapies and the development of resistance remain critical issues. Understanding and mitigating these challenges is paramount for the continued success of CD20-targeted immunotherapies.
Advances and development in sampling techniques for marine water resources: a comprehensive review
Authors: Wang Ying , Chen Jiawang , Guo Jin , Yu Zhenwu , Lin Yuan , Wang Yuhong
Published: April 2024

Marine water resources (including seawater and pore-water) provide important information for understanding the marine environment, studying marine organisms, and developing marine resources. Obtaining high-quality marine water samples is significant to marine scientific research and monitoring of marine resources. Since the 20th century, marine water resources sampling technology has become the key research direction of marine equipment. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of marine water resource sampling technology, promote the development of marine water resource sampling technology, and obtain high-quality marine water samples, this paper summarizes the current development status of the sampling technology of marine water resources from the aspects of research and application. This paper first provides an overview of seawater and pore water sampling techniques. The two sampling technologies are categorized and discussed according to different sampling means, and the advantages of different sampling means are compared. We also found similarities between seawater and pore water sampling means. Then, a comprehensive analysis of existing technologies and equipment reveals the development trend of marine water resources sampling technology, for example, the need for high temporal and spatial accuracy in sampling, etc. Finally, it explores the challenges facing deep-sea water sampling technology regarding future research, development and equipment industrialization. These reviews not only help researchers better understand the current development of marine water sampling technologies but also provide an important reference for the future development of marine water sampling technology, which provides guidance and support for in-depth marine scientific research and effective use of marine resources.
Effect of air sterilizers in an outpatient clinic at a tertiary university hospital
Authors: Lee Dong Hoon , Yeom Sujung , Lee Hwa Sin , Cho Hyong-Ho
Published: April 2024

Background

After the COVID-19 outbreak, interest in airborne virus infections has increased. We considered ways to reduce the risk of infection to other people by inactivating the virus before it is inhaled into the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. We installed a recently developed air sterilizer in the newly remodeled outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital and confirmed its effectiveness.

Methods

After remodeling the ENT outpatient clinic at Chonnam National University Hospital, 15 KOKKOS air sterilizers (Bentech Frontier Co., Ltd., Gwangju, Korea) were installed. Total culturable microorganisms (TCMs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in five separate inspection areas three days before installation, 2 weeks after installation, and 4 weeks after installation.

Results

After measurement of TCMs, improvement in air quality occurred 2 weeks after air sterilizer instatement at all timepoints except inspection area 5, and further improvement was achieved after 4 weeks (p < 0.05). After assessment of VOCs, improvement occurred 4 weeks after air sterilizer connection at all points (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

KOKKOS air sterilizers are effective in improving air quality in an outpatient clinic at a tertiary university hospital.
Case report: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with penicillin susceptible (PS-MRSA): first clinical report from a psychiatric hospital in China
Authors: Yan Fei , Yang Mi , Sun Yuting , Tang Qin , Yuan Lu
Published: April 2024

This case report documents the first instance of Penicillin-Susceptible Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (PS-MRSA) in a Chinese psychiatric hospital. The strain was isolated from a patient with Alzheimer’s disease who had a lower respiratory tract infection. Clinical and laboratory analyses, including mass spectrometry, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and whole-genome sequencing, confirmed the PS-MRSA strain. In this case, we systematically introduce the clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and treatment responses associated with this PS-MRSA strain. This discovery offers a new perspective on our understanding of resistance mechanisms and expands our considerations for existing antibiotic treatments. It may fill a gap in the classification of MRSA strains, enhance the spectrum of MRSA resistance, and complete the therapeutic strategies for MRSA.
Hemp seeds attenuate loperamide-induced constipation in mice
Authors: Hua Huang , Yongtong Wang , Xufeng Ding , Fang Li , Jing Gu , Fumao Zeng , Jie Jiang , Lijiang Ji
Published: April 2024

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disease that seriously affects human physical and mental health. Studies have reported that hemp seeds can improve constipation, however the specific mechanism is still unclear. This study investigates that hemp seed (HS) and its water-ethanol extract (HSE) attenuates loperamide-induced constipation in mice. The research results show that: the fecal water content and small intestinal transit rate of mice in the hemp seed group and hemp seed hydroalcoholic extract group were significantly increased compared with MC group, and the first red feces defecation time was significantly shortened; HS and HSE significantly influence serum levels of Gastrin (Gas), motilin (MTL), substance P (SP), and endothelin (ET), potentially mediating their effects on gastrointestinal motility. HS and HSE can improve colon inflammation in constipated mice with H&E staining. Compared with the model of constipation group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in the HS group and HSE group increased significantly. Gut microbiome studies have shown that the structure and abundance of intestinal flora are altered. HS and HSE changed the abundance of Odoribacter, Bacteroide, Lactobacillus and Prevotella. Together, these results suggest that HS have the potential to stimulate the proliferation of beneficial gut microbes and promote intestinal motility, thereby improving gut health and relieving symptoms of constipation.