bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Actionability and Familial Uptake Following Opportunistic Genomic Screening in a Pediatric Cancer Cohort
Authors: Birgitte Diness , Hammer-Hansen Sophia , Stoltze Ulrik , Bartels Emil , Hansen Thomas , Byrjalsen Anna , Tybjaerg-Hansen Anne , Juul Klaus , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob , Bundgaard Henning , Wadt Karin
Published: July 2023

The care for patients with serious conditions is increasingly guided by genomic medicine, and genomic medicine may equally transform care for healthy individual if genomic population screening is implemented. This study examines the medical impact of opportunistic genomic screening (OGS) in a cohort of patients undergoing comprehensive genomic germline DNA testing for childhood cancer, including the impact on their relatives. Medical actionability and uptake after cascade testing in the period following disclosure of OGS results was quantified.
A secondary finding was reported to 19/595 (3,2%) probands primarily in genes related to cardiovascular and lipid disorders. After a mean follow up time of 1.6 years (IQR: 0.57-1.92 yrs) only 12 (63%) of these variants were found to be medically actionable. Thirty-eight relatives underwent additional genetic or clinical testing due to the return of the secondary finding. Clinical follow up or treatment was planned in 16 relatives, and as in the probands, the prescribed treatment was primarily betablockers or cholesterol lowering therapy. No invasive procedures or implantation of medical devices were performed in probands or relatives, and no reproductive counseling was requested. After an average of 1.6 years of follow-up 2.25 relatives per family with an actionable finding had been tested. This real-world experience of OGS grants new insight into the potentials, pitfalls and derived health care demands of genotype-first screening. If OGS is undertaken, the resulting health care effect and impact on demand for genetic counseling and workup in relatives extends beyond the effect in the probands.
Comparative Study of Encoded and Alignment-Based Methods for Virus Taxonomy Classification
Authors: Shaukat Muhammad Arslan , Nguyen Thanh Thi , Hsu Edbert B. , Yang Samuel , Bhatti Asim
Published: July 2023

The emergence of viruses and their variants has made virus taxonomy more important than ever before in controlling the spread of diseases. The creation of efficient treatments and cures that target particular virus properties can be aided by understanding virus taxonomy. Alignment-based methods are commonly used for this task, but are computationally expensive and time-consuming, especially when dealing with large datasets or when detecting new virus variants is time sensitive. An alternative approach, the encoded method, has been developed that does not require prior sequence alignment and provides faster results. However, each encoded method has its own claimed accuracy. Therefore, careful evaluation and comparison of the performance of different encoded methods are essential to identify the most accurate and reliable approach for virus taxonomy classification. This study aims to address this issue by providing a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the potential of encoded methods for virus classification and phylogenetics. We compared the vectors generated for each encoded method using distance metrics to determine their similarity to alignment-based methods. The results and their validation show that K-Mer followed by CgrDft encoded methods, perform similarly to state-of-the-art multi-sequence alignment methods. This is the first study to incorporate and compare encoded methods that will facilitate future research in making more informed decisions regarding selection of a suitable method for virus taxonomy.
From network analysis to experimental validation: identification of regulators of non-muscle myosin II contractility using the folded-gastrulation signaling pathway
Authors: Zhao Andy , Varady Sophia , O’Kelley-Bangsberg Madelyn , Deng Vicki , Platenkamp Amy , Wijngaard Petra , Bern Miriam , Gormerly Wyatt , Kushkowski Elaine , Thompson Kat , Tibbets Logan , Conner A. Tamar , Noeckel David , Teran Aidan , Ritz Anna , Applewhite Derek A.
Published: July 2023

The morphogenetic process of apical constriction, which relies on non-muscle myosin II (NMII) generated constriction of apical domains of epithelial cells, is key to the development of complex cellular patterns. Apical constriction occurs in almost all multicellular organisms, but one of the most well-characterized systems is the Folded-gastrulation (Fog)-induced apical constriction that occurs in Drosophila. The binding of Fog to its cognizant receptors Mist/Smog results in a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of NMII-generated contractility. Despite our knowledge of key molecular players involved in Fog signaling, we sought to explore whether other proteins have an undiscovered role in its regulation. We developed a computational method to predict unidentified candidate NMII regulators using a network of pairwise protein-protein interactions called an interactome. We first constructed a Drosophilainteractome of over 500,000 protein-protein interactions from several databases that curate high-throughput experiments. Next, we implemented several graph-based algorithms that predicted 14 proteins potentially involved in Fog signaling. To test these candidates, we used RNAi depletion in combination with a cellular contractility assay in DrosophilaS2R+ cells, which respond to Fog by contracting in a stereotypical manner. Of the candidates we screened using this assay, two proteins, the serine/threonine phosphatase Flapwing and the putative guanylate kinase CG11811 were demonstrated to inhibit cellular contractility when depleted, suggestive of their roles as novel regulators of the Fog pathway.
On a certain retarded Volterra-Fredholm type integral inequalities in several variables and applications
Authors: Ammar Boudeliou
Published: July 2023

In the present paper some new explicit bounds on solutions to a class of new nonlinear retarded integral inequalities of Volterra-Fredholm type of several variables are established. The results obtained extend some known results in the literature and can be used as useful tools in the analysis of the qualitative properties of solutions of certain integral and differential equations. An application is given to illustrate the usefulness of our results to the boundedness and the uniqueness of the solutions of Volterra-Fredholm type integral equation with delay in n variables.
MSC 2010: 26D15; 45B05; 45D05.
Characterization and transcriptome analysis of triadimefon-degrading strain Enterobacter hormaechei TY18
Authors: Wang Yan , Guan Qi , Zhao Rui , Li Jiangbo , Zhang Xiqian , Fan Weixin , Wang Chunwei
Published: July 2023

Triadimefon, a type of triazole systemic fungicide, has been extensively used to control various fungal diseases. However, extensive application of triadimefon contributes to austere environmental pollution, and even threatens human health. In our study, Enterobacter hormaechei strain TY18 could grew well in carbon salt medium (CSM) with triadimefon as sole nitrogen source, and could significantlydegrade triadimefon. Under triadimefon stress, a total of 430 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 197 up-regulated and 233 down-regulated DEGs, were found in strain TY18 from transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq). Functional classification and enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly related to amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, small molecule and pyrimidine metabolism. Interestingly, the DEGs encoding monooxygenase and hydrolase activity acting on carbon-nitrogen were highly up-regulated, might be mainly responsible for the metabolism in triadimefon. The finding in this work suggested that the novel strain E. hormaechei TY18 could degrade efficiently triadimefon for the first time, and contribute to further understanding of the degradation mechanism related to triadimefon in strain TY18.
Investigation on Reliability of Intelligent Transmission based Large Intelligent Meta-surface Assisted Downlink OMA systems
Authors: Shalini R. Baby , Priyadharsini Naveena A , Kumar J. Arun
Published: July 2023

Data transmission through large intelligent meta-surfaces (LIMs) is one of the trending and key enabling technologies for 6G and beyond mobile and wireless communication networks. While the wireless communication emerges, the channel characteristics are highly unpredictable and uncontrollable. But, LIMs can control the phase shift of individual user signals from base station, and thus improves the performance of the wireless communication link. This paper proposes a passive beamforming technique and provides phase optimization which helps to improve the communication quality, and thus improves the reliability of the wireless link. Also, spreading is used to improve the end user’s receiver performance. The error rate and capacity of the proposed system are calculated, and compared with decode and forward (DF) relaying scheme. The performance of LIMs is analysed with two different channel estimation approaches, and for different number of reflecting elements. The simulation is performed under the existing orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme, and it evidently shows the superiority of the proposed intelligent signal estimation method.
Transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity
Authors: Rauch Alexander , Hansen Morten , Madsen Kaja , Price Maria , Søe Kent , Omata Yasunori , Zaiss Mario , Gorvin Caroline , Frost Morten
Published: July 2023

Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis, which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone formation. As novel anti-osteoporotic therapeutics are needed, understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment targets. This study aimed to provide an overview of the transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclasts were differentiated from CD14+-monocytes from eight female donors. RNA-sequencing during differentiation demonstrated 8446 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across donors. These patterns showed distinct molecular functions, associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from iliac crest biopsies, and bone mineral density SNPs. Network analyses showed mutual dependencies between the expression patterns and detected subspecific transcriptional networks. Differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors showed strong expression during osteoclast differentiation and associated with bone mineral density SNPs, implying a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and activity. The regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5A receptor 1 (C5AR1), somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), and free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4/GPR120). Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation, while activating SSTR2 decreased resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts, and activating FFAR4 decreased both number and resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts. In conclusion, we report the transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation and identified SSTR2 and FFAR4 as anti-resorptive G-protein coupled receptors. These data can help future investigations to identify molecular regulators of osteoclast differentiation and activity and provide the basis for novel anti-osteoporotic targets.
Nonlinear Modeling of Magnetic Materials for Circuit Simulations
Authors: Kutorasiński Kamil , Pawłowski Jarosław , Szewczyk Marcin , Leszczyński Paweł
Published: July 2023

Magnetic materials in the form of magnetic rings are widely used in power engineering products. In many cases, they operate in high frequency and in nonlinear conditions, e.g., as damping elements in electrical power substations equipped with Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) where they provide suppression of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages (VFTOs). To model phenomena in GIS with magnetic rings it is required to have realistic time-dependent models of magnetic materials operating in a wide frequency range and nonlinear conditions. Nowadays, this has become even more relevant due to the actual trend in the industry to create digital twins of physical devices. Models composed of high-precise discrete lumped nonlinear elements are in demand in circuit simulators like SPICE. This work introduces a method based on classical algorithms that find equivalent lumped models of magnetic cores based on frequency-dependent measurements of impedance under DC-bias current. The model is specifically designed to achieve numerically stable simulations.
Association of Pulmonary Pathogenic Microbial Load and Cytokine Levels with Sepsis Mortality: A Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Zhao Jian , Wang Xian-wen , Huang Dan , Xia Hui , Chen Yuan-zhuo , Zhuang Yu-gang
Published: July 2023

Background
Sepsis, a severe systemic inflammatory response resulting from an infection, often culminates in high mortality rates. Cytokines, specifically IL-10, and pathogenic microbial load, play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. IL-10's integral role in immune regulation potentially impacts the clearance of pathogenic microorganisms and the disease's severity. However, the correlation between IL-10 levels, pulmonary pathogenic microbial load in sepsis, and their subsequent impact on patient prognosis remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the association between IL-10 levels, lung pathogenic microbial load, and their impact on the prognosis of sepsis.
Methods
We gathered clinical data from 79 patients with sepsis, including age, gender, BMI, history of chronic diseases, laboratory test results, cytokine levels, and mNGS analysis results. Univariate analysis and multivariate linear regression were utilized to examine the relationship between each variable and the pathogenicic microbial load in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as determined by mNGS. To further study the prognosis, patients were categorized based on the quantity of pathogenic microbes, and survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results
The study identified a significant positive correlation between cytokine IL-10 levels and the quantity of pathogenic microbes (β: 0.018,95%CI: 0.014 ~ 0.021,P value < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis further confirmed this positive correlation (β:0.01,95%CI: 0.01 ~ 0.02,P value < 0.001), which held stable after adjusting for all potential confounders. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant increase in the 28-day mortality rate for sepsis patients when the count of pathogenic microbes reached or exceeded three.
Conclusion
Our study discloses the correlation between IL-10 levels and pathogenic microbial load, and their substantial predictive value for the short-term survival of sepsis patients. These findings highlight the critical importance of meticulous monitoring and managing of IL-10 levels and pathogenic microbial load in clinical practice. Timely intervention measures are particularly imperative for sepsis patients exhibiting both high IL-10 levels and pathogenic microbial load. These results provide fresh insights and understanding that can potentially enhance the clinical treatment and prognosis of sepsis.
Numerical analysis of the effect of ventilation door on the propagation characteristics of gas explosion shock waves
Authors: Zhang Xue-bo , Han Lin-xiu , Ren Jing-zhang , Liu Jia-jia
Published: July 2023

Ventilation door are commonly found in tunnels and other underground engineering ventilation structures, disaster periods using its explosion isolation, explosion relief, wind regulation characteristics for disaster prevention and mitigation is of great significance.This paper numerically simulates the propagation characteristics of the gas explosion shock wave in the nearby tunnel when the ventilation door are opened at different degrees, and analyzes the influence mechanism of the opening degree on the change law of the shock wave overpressure distribution in the nearby tunnel.The results show that the shock wave forms a strong turbulence area (high pressure area) on both sides in front of the ventilation door, and the area range and the overpressure value decrease with the increase of the opening degree; the ventilation door reduce the intensity of the shock wave, so that the overpressure behind the ventilation door decreases, and the smaller the opening degree, the lower the overpressure behind the ventilation door.The secondary explosion formed shock wave and the ventilation door reflected shock wave meet to form a stronger shock wave, which leads to different opening degrees of ventilation door, its before, after the roadway and after the bifurcation of the main roadway in the measured points of the overpressure change curve is different, the main difference is that the peak overpressure for the first wave or the second wave peak. The peak overpressure in the tunnel before and after the ventilation door decreases and increases respectively with the increase of the opening length, and the overall decay of the peak overpressure at 5m and 10m before the ventilation door is 49.56% and 4.04% respectively and only has an effect on the peak overpressure in main tunnel within 20m from the bifurcation.
Homoharringtonine overcomes the negative impact of genetic patterns on venetoclax plus azacitidine regimen in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a multi-center, cohort study
Authors: Yu Guopan , Zhang Yu , Yu Sijian , Yin Zhao , Weng Guangyang , Xu Na , Du Xin , Lin Dongjun , Xiao Jie , Sun Zhiqiang , Zhang Hongyu , Liang Xinquan , Guo Ziwen , Zhao Weihua , Dai Min , Fan Zhiping , Xuan Li , Liu Hui , Xu Dan , Ye Jieyu , Jiang Xuejie , Shi Pengcheng , Jin Hua , Liu Qifa
Published: July 2023

Background The response of venetoclax (VEN)-based therapy is closely associated with genetic patterns and combining regimens in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Whether other agents added to VEN plus hypomethylating agents (HMA) regimen could overcome the negative impact of genetic patterns on response remains unclear.
Methods A multi-center, cohort study of the response and the genetic patterns of response of VEN plus AZA and HHT (VAH) versus VEN plus AZA (VA) regimens as salvage treatment in the patients with RR-AML was performed. Patients were enrolled from four studies from October 2018 to December 2022 at nine medical centers in china. The endpoints in this study were to evaluate the rate of composite complete remission (CRc), measurable residual disease (MRD), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS) and relapse between VAH and VA groups.
Results A total of 321 patients were analyzed, including 150 females and 171 males, with a median age at 46 (IQR, 35–61) years. There were 172 patients in the VAH and 149 in the VA group. VAH significantly improved CRc rate (66.3% vs. 44.3%, P < 0.001) and prolonged OS (median OS, not reach vs. 14.3 months, P = 0.004), to compared with VA. VAH significantly overcame the negative impact of FLT3-ITD/TKD, N/KRAS, TET2, DNMT3A mutations, and t(8;21)/AML1-ETO, as well as non-adverse ELN risk, also apparently in adverse ELN risk or complex karyotype, on the response of VA regimen.
Conclusion The impact of genetic patterns on the response presented diversely in different VEN-based regimens. HHT added to VA regimen might improve the response and overcome the negative impact of part genetic patterns in RR-AML.
Ten Days of Tapering Can Improve Swimming Records and Metabolic but Not Hematological Profile in Young Recreational Swimmers
Authors: Divsalar Kouros , Khoramipour Kayvan , Basereh Aref , Pirani Hossein , Amini Reza , Afarinesh Mohammad Reza , Saidie Payam , Divsalar Fatemeh , Honarmand Amin , Knechtle Beat , López-Gajardo Miguel A. , Prieto-González Pablo , Nobari Hadi
Published: July 2023

Aim: To investigate the effects of a 10-day tapering on the metabolic and hematologic changes and a 200 m crawl swimming record.
Methods:Eighteen male recreational swimmers (11-17 years) underwent an eight-week vigorous-intensity endurance training (3 sessions per week, 90 minutes per session). Participants' swimming records were obtained at the end of the training period, and blood samples were drawn. After that, the taper group (TP) underwent a 10-day taper program (training volume reduced by 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% in the first four sessions and 70% in the last session), while the control group (CG) kept their training load. At the end of the tapering period, 200 m crawl swimming time was recorded, and a blood sample was collected to assess metabolic and hematologic factors.
Results: 200 m swimming record was improved in the TP (149±17s) compared to the Co (173±21s) (p < 0.05). In addition, creatine phosphokinase, creatinine, urea, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase significantly decreased after tapering (p < 0.05). However, hematological factors did not show any significant changes between groups. Furthermore, no significant correlation between swimming records and measured parameters was found.
Conclusion: Our results showed that ten days of tapering could improve the 200 m swimming record and metabolic but not the hematological profile in young male recreational swimmers.
SSD-AIS: An Accurate and Invertible Sketch for Super Spread Detection
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Lu Jie , Ren Quan , Li Ziyong , Hu Yuxiang , Chen Hongchang
Published: July 2023

Super spread detection has been widely applied in network management, recommender systems and cyber space security, which is more complicated than heavy hitter, owing to the requirement of duplicate removal. Accurately detecting super spread in real-time with small memory remains a nontrivial yet challenging issue. The previous work either had low accuracy or incurred heavy memory overhead and could not provide precise cardinality estimation. This paper designs an invertible sketch for super spread detection with small memory and high accuracy. It introduces a power-weakening increment strategy that create an environment encouraging sufficient competition at the early stages of discriminating super spread and amplifying the comparative dominance to maintain accuracy. Extensive experiments have been performed based on actual Internet traffic traces and recommender system dataset. The trace-driven evaluation demonstrates that our sketch actualizes higher accuracy in super spread detection than state-of-the-art sketches. The super spread cardinality estimation error is 2.6-19.6 times lower than that of the previous algorithms.
A low refractive index microstructured fiber sensor with wide range detection
Authors: Wang Hua , Zhao Jiangfei , Yi Xiaohu , Bing Pibin , Chen Zhiliang , Wang Jingli , Du Hailong
Published: July 2023

In order to achieve low refractive index detection in biomedical and material chemistry, a D-type microstructured optical fiber (MOF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed in this paper. The sensor uses gold nanofilm as sensing material between the core of the fiber and the plasma on the surface, and is coated at the open-ring. Parametric analysis of the open-ring diameter, air hole diameter and thickness of the gold nanofilm of the sensor was carried out by finite element method. The simulation results show that the sensor has a wavelength sensitivity of up to 10900 nm/RIU, the refractive index range of 1.20–1.34, optimal resolution of 9.17×10− 6 RIU, and a decent figure of merit (FOM) is 46.2 RIU− 1. The proposed MOF-SPR sensor has high wavelength sensitivity and low resolution in a similar detection range compared to existing studies. The sensor is capable of detecting not only low refractive index substances, such as liquid medical oxygen with a refractive index of 1.22 and sevoflurane with a refractive index of 1.27, but also conventional refractive index substances such as water contamination with a refractive index near 1.33, providing a wide detection range. Therefore, the sensor is competitive in the detection of some low refractive index material detection fields.
Pretrained CNN Architectures: A Detailed Analysis Using Bell Pepper Image Datasets
Authors: Mathew Midhun P , .M Sudheep Elayidom , VP Jagathyraj , Mahesh Therese Yamuna
Published: July 2023

In the era of artificial intelligence, automation is becoming popular in every sector. The primary sector includes the agriculture sector. Farmers are facing problems such as the identification of diseases in their plants, lack of proper treatment for the disease, climatic changes that affect their yield, and low price for their crops. In this paper, we are mainly focusing on the disease identification of bell pepper plants using deep learning architectures such as Alex Net, google net, ResNet (18,50,101), and Vgg (16,19). We also focus on the detailed study of different pre-trained CNN architectures to analyze their performance and identify which architecture is more suitable for disease classification in bell pepper. This paper also helps bell pepper farmers to identify the disease with high accuracy compared to the traditional methods of disease identification. The new automation concept helps bell pepper framers to identify diseases with less time and effort, which makes their work easier. The identification of disease at an early stage with less effort will help the farmer to increase their yield. The paper will help to understand the performance of different pre-trained convolutional neural network architectures with and without augmentation of images and also compare the performance of the architectures. Based on these comparisons, it could find out that google net is more suitable for the classification of images in bell pepper as compared to other architectures with augmentation, and vgg19 was observed to be best for the classification of images without augmentation.
Comparison of physicochemical properties and antibacterial activities of silver-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel and coprecipitation methods based on different titanium crystalline forms of dioxide nanomaterial
Authors: Shabaninia Mitra , Khorasani Manouchehr , Baniyaghoob Sahar
Published: July 2023

This research aims to synthesize silver-doped titanium dioxide (Ag-TiO2) nanoparticles using sol-gel and coprecipitation methods and evaluation the antibacterial behavior of TiO2 and Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a Gram-positive bacteria, and Escherichia coli)E. Coli(, a predominant Gram-negative bacteria. Also, the optimal conditions were investigated based on the anatase phase of TiO2 due to its higher antibacterial activity than the rutile form. It was observed that temperature and pH have an important role in the phase change of TiO2 during the fabrication of nanoparticles. The Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles at different percentages of Ag 5, 10, 15, and 20% were used at two pH ranges of 4-4.5 and 8-8.5, and three temperatures of 450, 550, and 700°C. According to our findings, the temperature of 450°C and pH = 8-8.5 are suitable for forming the anatase phase, and the temperature of 700°C and PH = 4-4.5 are suitable for forming the rutile phase. It was observed that Ag-TiO2 with the percentages 15%-20% is doped with Ag and PH = 8-8.5, and a temperature of 450°C are favorable conditions for antibacterial activities. Identification of crystalline phases and the crystallite size estimation were investigated using the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method. The XRD spectrum of TiO2 shows that the anatase phase is the most abundant at 450°C. Although at 550°C, anatase and rutile phases are present, it was confirmed that at 700°C and above, the rutile phase is the most abundant.. Antibacterial behavior of synthesized nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (E. Coli) bacteria were evaluated by disk diffusion test method, and it was observed that the antibacterial activity of TiO2 improves by Ag doping.
Analyzing the torquoselectivity through Fermi-Dirac's entropy: revealing the origin of the stereoselectivity
Authors: Flores-Gallegos Nelson , Morales-Bayuelo Alejandro
Published: July 2023

This work analyzed the electrocyclic ring-opening reaction of the 3-cyanclobutene (3-CN-cyclobutene) through Fermi-Dirac's entropy. This chemical reaction is linked to an important concept called torquoselectivity, our results show that beyond the bond-breaking process in this reaction, a specific atom is responsible for the stereoselectivity observed in this reaction.
SSDF attack detection algorithm based on fog computing in cognitive radio-based Internet of Things
Authors: Liu Miao , He Qing , Nie Zhongwen , Sun Zhenxing
Published: July 2023

In cognitive radio-based Internet of Things (CRIoT), security attacks of malicious devices disrupt the spectrum sensing process. The most common attack method, Spectrum Sensing Data Falsiﬁcation (SSDF) attack, attempts to make the Fusion Center (FC) misjudge the existence of the primary user (PU) by sending false energy sensing data. We propose an SSDF attack defense algorithm to deal with this security threat, which adopts fog computing architecture. FC performs Meanshift clustering, Clustering data ﬁltering, and data evaluation on the sensing data sent by CR-IoT devices to allocate appropriate weights, obtain more appropriate fusion energy and achieve the goal of accurately detecting the presence of PU. Simulation results show that in three different attack scenarios, compared with other algorithms, the proposed defence algorithm has a higher detection probability and can resist SSDF attacks more effectively.
Implementation of a clinical long-term follow-up database for adult childhood cancer survivors in Germany - A feasibility study at two specialised late effects clinics
Authors: Sleimann Madelaine , Balcerek Magdalena , Cytera Chirine , Richter Franziska , Borgmann-Staudt Anja , Wörmann Bernhard , Kronziel Lea Louisa , Calaminus Gabriele , Kock-Schoppenhauer Ann-Kristin , Grabow Desiree , Baust Katja , Neumann Anke , Langer Thorsten , Gebauer Judith
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk for increased morbidity and reduced quality of life associated with treatment-related late effects. In Germany, however, only a few of the more than 40,000 CCS registered in the German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR) currently benefit from adequate clinical long-term follow-up (LTFU) structures. To establish a comprehensive knowledge base on CCS’ long-term health in Germany, a database was developed in cooperation with the GCCR. Following a first evaluation phase at two German university centres, this database will be implemented more widely within Germany allowing longitudinal documentation of clinical LTFU data.
Methods: The feasibility study cohort comprised 208 CCS aged 18 or older whose medical, mental and psychosocial health data were collected during routine LTFU or first clinic visits in adult care. CCS were enrolled from 04/2021 to 12/2022, and data entry was completed by 03/2023. Descriptive data analysis was conducted. All CCS were stratified into three risk groups (RG) based on their individual risk for developing late effects resulting from their respective diagnoses and treatments.
Results: Chronic health conditions of various organ systems associated with late and long-term effects of cancer therapy affected CCS in all RG supporting the clinical relevance of risk-adapted LTFU. Enrolment into the database was feasible and broadly accepted among CCS.
Conclusion: Implementation of a clinical follow-up care infrastructure and database in Germany will pave the way to collect clinically evaluated and regularly updated health data of potentially over 40,000 German CCS and facilitate future national and international cooperation.
Family Planning Integration in Ethiopia’s Primary Health Care System: A qualitative study on opportunities, challenges and best practices
Authors: Titiyos Addisalem , Mehretie Yohannes , Alemayehu Yibeltal Kiflie , Ejigu Yohannes , Yitbarek Kiddus , Abraham Zelalem , Oconnel Kate , Kassaw Jamal
Published: July 2023

Background
Family planning (FP) service integration into primary health care (PHC) is an effective approach to improve FP use, and maternal and child health outcomes. The Ethiopian government promotes integration of FP services into primary health care. However, there is paucity of evidence on the status of FP service integration. The aim of this study is to explore the state of FP integration into PHC services and identify facilitators and barriers to integration.
Methods
A qualitative study nested with a larger national study was conducted from July to October 2022. A total of 60 interviews were conducted with FP stakeholders including, government organizations, non-governmental organizations, donors, service providers, and clients. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded using OpenCode 4.03. The coded data were analyzed using framework analysis approach, using the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI) framework. Direct quotes and results from the coding and categorization were used to develop the report.
Results
Family planning is largely provided in designated units by dedicated staff within PHC facilities. The provision of integrated FP service within each service unit is in its early stage. Successful examples of integration include integration of FP with postnatal care, abortion care, and youth-friendly service centers. Facilitators of integration include commitment of the government and partners, the presence of policies and guidelines, and positive attitude of service providers and clients. However, integration of FP also faces challenges that are largely related to challenges of the FP program even before integration. These include resource shortage, health workers shortage, health workers’ capacity/skill gaps, misconceptions about FP, religious and socio-cultural norms, and lack of awareness.
Conclusions
Integration of FP with PHC services in the Ethiopian public health facilities is viable. Pre-existing challenges of the FP program continued to be barriers to integration. Expanding the experiences of good practices in the integration of FP with post abortion care, post-natal care, and youth-friendly service centers to other components of PHC warrants attention. Addressing both supply- and demand-side challenges of the FP program is needed to facilitate the integration of FP with other PHC services.
Cobalt supported on silica-alumina nanocomposite for use in CO 2 methanation process: Effects of Si/Al molar ratio and Co loading on catalytic activity
Authors: Mehrabi Milad , Ashjari Mohsen , Meshkani Fereshteh
Published: July 2023

Metal-based nanocatalysts have emerged as important materials to turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into hydrocarbon fuels in order to deal with global climate issues and solve growing energy needs. Here, mesoporous silica-alumina (SA) nanocomposites are synthesized by a facile sol-gel method using citric acid monohydrate with different Si/Al molar ratios (X = 0.1–10), followed by impregnating cobalt on them. The resulting Co/SA-X catalysts are characterized by various techniques, and utilized in the production of substitute natural gas through CO2 methanation as a renewable energy storage system. The porous structure of the supports with suitable particle size distribution and superior reduction behavior provides the catalysts with high stability. The Si/Al molar ratio and Co loading are optimized at 0.5 and 15 wt%., respectively, achieving a high CO2 conversion of 78.5% and CH4 selectivity of 89%. Alternatively, different amounts of cobalt are loaded on the selected support (SA-0.5), while also investigating various parameters such as the feed ratio (H2/CO2 molar ratio), gas hourly space velocity, and catalyst stability. By increasing the feed ratio to 4, the CO2 conversion and CH4 selectivity are enhanced to 83% and 90%, respectively, indicating the excellent performance of the SA supported nanocatalysts to address both the environmental concerns and the needs for sustainable energy.
Microring Assisted Mach–ZehnderInterferometric Structure Based Electro-OpticAdder for Photonic Integrated Circuits
Authors: Das Srikanta , Sinha Nitish Sinha , Bin Arka Roy , Rakshit Jayanta Kumar , Pal Subhradeep , Bhowmik Bishanka Brata
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a novel microring resonator (MRR)-assisted Mach-Zehnderinterferometric (MZI) structure to operate as an electro-optic half adderutilizing the optical switching phenomenon of Si-MRR is proposed. Theproposed device has two Si-MRRs with dual inputs, used in the tandemconfiguration in the lower and upper arms of an MZI structure.An externally controllable optical ‘π’ phase shifter is also incorporatedin one of the arms of the MZI. The carrier-injected forward-biased PINwaveguide structure is incorporated into the ring resonator architectureto achieve the extinction ratio (ER) tunability. For the proposedelectro-optic adder, -1.85 V and +2 V are considered as logic 0 and1, respectively. One of the output terminals will emulate an opticalAND gate providing the carry bit (CB), while the other output terminalwill emulate an optical EX-OR gate offering the sum bit (SB).The proposed device was modeled and simulated using MATLAB. Thesimulation results estimate the simulated static ER of the SB andCB is 27.44 dB and 18.08 dB, respectively. To demonstrate the proposeddevice’s efficacy, two 10 Gb/s PRBS input streams at 1550 nm were used, and the time domain simulation results indicate a successfulelectro-optic half adder suitable for photonic integrated circuits (PICs).
Stereographic compactification and affine bi-Lipschitz homeomorphisms
Authors: grandjean vincent , Oliveira Roger
Published: July 2023

Let σq : Rq → Sq \ Nq be the inverse of the stereographic projection with centre the north pole Nq. Let Wi be a closed subset of Rqi , for i = 1; 2. Let Φ : W1 → W2 be a bi-Lipschitz homeomor-phism. The main result states that the homeomorphism σq2 οΦοσ-1q1 is a bi-Lipschitz homeomorphism, extending bi-Lipschitz-ly at Nq1 with value Nq2 whenever W1 is unbounded.
As two straightforward applications in the polynomially bounded o-minimal context over the real numbers, we obtain for free a version at infinity of: 1) Sampaio's tangent cone result; 2) Links preserving re-parametrization of definable bi-Lipschitz homeomorphisms of Valette.
Fatty acids abrogate the growth-suppressive effects induced by inhibition of cholesterol flux in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Li Yuchuan , Amrutkar Manoj , Finstadsveen Anette Vefferstad , Dalen Knut Tomas , Verbeke Caroline S , Gladhaug Ivar P.
Published: July 2023

Background
Despite therapeutic advances, the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains extremely poor. Metabolic reprogramming is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to tumor progression and therapy resistance in PDAC. One of the main metabolic changes essential for tumor growth is altered cholesterol flux. Targeting cholesterol flux appears an attractive therapeutic approach, however, the complex regulation of cholesterol balance in PDAC cells remains poorly understood.
Methods
The lipid content in human pancreatic duct epithelial (HPDE) cells and human PDAC cell lines (BxPC-3, MIA PaCa-2, and PANC-1) was determined. Cells exposed to eight different inhibitors targeting different regulators of lipid flux, in the presence or absence of oleic acid (OA) stimulation were assessed for changes in viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Intracellular content and distribution of cholesterol was assessed. Lastly, proteome profiling of PANC-1 exposed to the SOAT1 inhibitor avasimibe, in presence or absence of OA, was performed.
Results
PDAC cells contain more free cholesterol but less cholesteryl esters and lipid droplets than HPDE cells. Exposure to different lipid flux inhibitors increased cell death and suppressed proliferation, with different efficiency in the tested PDAC cell lines. Avasimibe had the strongest ability to suppress proliferation across the three PDAC cell lines. All inhibitors showing cell suppressive effect disturbed intracellular cholesterol flux and increased cholesterol aggregation. OA improved overall cholesterol balance, reduced free cholesterol aggregation, and reversed cell death induced by the inhibitors. Treatment with avasimibe changed the cellular proteome substantially, mainly for proteins related to biosynthesis and metabolism of lipids and fatty acids, apoptosis, and cell adhesion. Most of these changes were restored by OA.
Conclusions
The study reveals that disturbing the cholesterol flux by inhibiting the actions of its key regulators can yield growth suppressive effects on PDAC cells. The presence of fatty acids restores intracellular cholesterol balance and abrogates the alternations induced by cholesterol flux inhibitors. Taken together, targeting cholesterol flux might be an attractive strategy to develop new therapeutics against PDAC. However, the impact of fatty acids in the tumor microenvironment must be taken into consideration.
The Impact of the Right Heart Cavities Echocardiographic Features on Atrial-High Rate Episodes
Authors: ARTAC Inanc , KARAKAYALI Muammer , OMAR Timor , ILIS Dogan , ARSLAN Ayca , Sahin Mehmet Hakan , KARABAG Yavuz , RENCUZOGULLARI Ibrahim
Published: July 2023

Objectives
Atrial high-rate episodes (AHRE) defined as atrial tachy-arrhythmias, detected through continuous monitoring with a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED). AHRE's have been associated with increased risks of developing clinically manifested atrial fibrillation (AF), thromboembolism, cardiovascular events, and mortality. Several variables have been researched and identified to predict AHRE existence. The present study evaluated the association between right-heart structural and functional echocardiographic parameters and AHRE in patients with CIEDs.
Materials and Methods
This prospective design study included 194 patients with CIED's. The study population was divided into two groups according to presence of AHRE and analyzed the echocardiographic variables which may able to be a predictor of AHRE.
Results
Patients was divided into two groups: patients with AHRE (+) and without AHRE (-). The distribution of patients’ characteristics according to presence of AHRE was analyzed. The multivariate analysis revealed Age, LAVI, E/Em tricuspid (HR: 1,106, 1,015 − 1,205%95 CI, p = 0,022) and RAVI (HR: 1,035, 1,003 − 1,069 95% CI; p = 0,033) as independent predictors of AHREs. ROC curve analysis indicated that an E/Em tricuspid (AUC: 0,611, 95% CI: 0,538-0,680 p: 0.009) and RAVI (AUC = AUC: 0,707, 95% CI 0,637-0,770 p < 0.001) predicted AHREs with a cut-off value of 6.28 and a sensitivity of 53,2% and specificity of 66,7% and a cut-off value of 29,5 mL/m2 with a sensitivity of 72,7% and a specificity of 65,9%, respectively.
Conclusion
The main finding of this study was "RAVI" and "E/Emtricuspid ratio" is associated with AHRE. Additionally, "RAVI" and "E/Emtricuspid ratio" is an independent predictor of AHRE existence.
Exploring the Attributes of Influential Users in Social Networks using Association Rule Mining
Authors: Alghobiri Mohammed
Published: July 2023

Association rule mining discovers interesting patterns and meaningful connections between items or actions performed by users on social media platforms. These connections can provide valuable insights into user behavior, preferences, and interactions within the social media ecosystem. This study utilizes the association rule mining to identify Key attributes of influential individuals who can effectively influence others to actively participate in activities such as writing posts, answering questions, and sharing posted content on popular social news aggregation and discussion websites such as reddit.com. The research relies on user profiles and activity logs as data sources for analysis. The study's findings include the observation that highly influential sharers often engage in regular content creation and sharing related to topics like entrepreneurship, personal development, and professional growth. Furthermore, it suggests that influential sharers are active during both business and prime times. In terms of specific dimensions of interest, it was found that women are more likely to be influenced by individuals who frequently write about personal growth. Similarly, the study highlights that teenagers have the most influence over their peers. Additionally, when considering the interplay of age and gender, it has been identified that adult males, especially, possess the ability to convince and influence other males. The insights gained from this study can prove valuable to marketers seeking to target specific individuals for effective social marketing campaigns.
Incidence, survival, and prognostic factors for patients with gastrointestinal mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms: a SEER population-based study
Authors: Xu Boqi , Zhang Fan , Wu Runda , Peng Yao , Mao Zhongqi , Tong Shan
Published: July 2023

Background Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are a group of rare and significantly heterogeneous tumors with limited research currently available. This study aimed to analyze the incidence, survival, and prognostic factors of gastrointestinal MiNENs.Methods We selected data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2019 and evaluated the incidence trend of gastrointestinal MiNENs during this period. We utilized univariate and multivariate Cox analysis to assess independent factors of prognosis and established a nomogram to predict 1-, 2-, and 3-year cancer-specific survival (CSS). Calibration and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to validate the accuracy and reliability of the model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical utility of the model.Results The overall incidence of gastrointestinal MiNENs has been increasing annually. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor grade, size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and surgery were independent risk factors for CSS in MiNENs patients. Based on these risk factors, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year CSS nomogram model for MiNENs patients was established. Calibration curves, ROC curves, and DCA of the training and validation sets demonstrated that this model had good accuracy and clinical utility.Conclusion Gastrointestinal MiNENs are rare tumors with an increasing incidence rate. The nomogram model is expected to be an effective tool for personalized prognosis prediction in MiNENs patients, which may benefit clinical decision-making.