bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pinter’ın Oda’sında ve Ridley’nin Pitchfork Disney’inde Absürd İçe Kapanma
Authors: Celbiş Atakan , Akın Banu Ayten
Published: December 2022

Absürd eğilimin içinde yer alan Pinter, kaleme aldığı Oda oyununda yaşamın, bilinmezliğin ve güvensiz dünya ortamının eleştirisini yapar. Dili, mekân kullanımı ve dış tehditler üzerinden oluşturduğu Pinter dünyası, 20.yüzyılın ortasından bugüne çok fazla yazara kaynaklık etmiştir. Modern ve modern sonrası dünyada hakikat, hakikatin sunumu, gerçeğin kabulü, algılanışı ve parçalanması dramatik yapıda sıklıkla kullanılan algılayışlardan olur. Dış dünyanın korkunçluğu karşısında birey içe kapanarak gerçeğini kurar ve dışarıdaki her şeyi algılar hale gelir.
In Yer Face eğilim içinde sayılan İngiliz oyun yazarı Philip Ridley’in The Pitchfork Disney adlı oyununda, şiddet dolu dünya içindeki insanın varoluş mücadelesini gözler önüne serer. Yazarın kaygılı ve agorafobik karakterler üzerinden çizdiği dünya resmi, modern yaşamın ta kendisini yansıtır. Ridley’ de de birey tıpkı Pinter karakterleri gibi hem içlerine hem odalarına kapanmıştır.
Bu çalışmada Pinter’ın ‘Oda’ ve Ridley’nin ‘The Picfork Disney’ oyunlarında içe kapanma, dış tehdit ve iki kişilik dünya kavramları üzerinden okuması yapılmıştır. Absürd eğilim ve sonrasında absürd evrenin in yer face içinde dirilişinin izleri takip edilir.
Kavramsal Sanat ve On Kawara
Authors: Koç Ali , Kaplan Mehmet Akif
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırma, Postmodern Dönem’de bir ‘üstdil’ olarak nitelendirilen Kavramsal Sanat anlayışını ve bu anlayış içinde dil odaklı çağdaş sanat işleri üreten Japon kökenli Amerikalı sanatçı On Kawara’nın (1932-2014) sanat alanyazını içindeki önemini göz önünde bulundurarak; onu incelemeyi; sanatını değerlendirmeyi ve tanıtmayı hedefler. Bunun için öncelikli olarak kavramsal sanat yaklaşımının tarihsel süreç içinde aldığı rol üzerinde durur. Bu bağlamda, araştırma bir yandan, kavramsal sanat yaklaşımının, Modern Dönem’in 1920’lerdeki Dadaizm akımına kadar uzanan tarihsel köklerini diğer yandan ‘kavramsal sanat’ ibaresinin 1960’lı yıllardan sonra sanatçılar tarafından adının konulması, teorik ve kuramsal çalışmaların yapılması ve çağdaş sanat pratiklerinde yer alması süreçlerini irdeler. Sonra, kavramsal sanatın ilginç isimlerinden olan ve dil odaklı işler üreten On Kawara’nın; zaman, mekân, uzam, varlık ve yokluk kavramlarını düşünsel temelde sorgulayan ve tartışan çağdaş bir sanatçı olduğu sonucuna varır. Dolayısıyla kavramsal sanat temsilcilerinden birini incelemeye ve tanıtmaya girişen bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçların çağdaş sanat alanına katkılar sağlayacağı ümit edilmektedir.
Dijital Bir Deneyim Olarak Artırılmış Gerçeklik
Authors: Coşkun Cumhur
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 Pandemisiyle beraber sergilerin dijital ortamlara taşınması önemli hale gelmiş ve sanat tüketimi görünür bir değişim yaşamıştır. Müze ve galeri gibi sergileme alanları COVID-19 pandemisinde ziyaretçileriyle tekrar aktif hale gelebilmek için alternatif çözüm arayışlarına girmiştir. Dijital içerikler için artan bir talebin yaşandığı bu süreçte Artırılmış Gerçeklik teknolojisi de sanat tüketimi ve dijital bir sergileme deneyiminin devam etmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Çalışma içerisinde kullanıcıların fiziksel olarak sergileme alanlarında bulunmasıyla gerçekleşen Artırılmış Gerçeklik deneyimlerinin aksine bulundukları her ortamı sergi alanına dönüştürebildikleri dijital deneyimlerden bahsedilmektedir. Bu yönüyle çalışma diğer AG çalışmalarından ayrılmakta ve önem arz etmektedir.
Yapılan araştırma kullanıcıların kendi belirlediği alanları bir sergi ortamına veya sanat fikrine dönüştürdüğü Artırılmış Gerçeklik uygulamalarının literatür analizini ve AG yoluyla yaşanılan sanat deneyimiyle ortaya çıkan farklılıkları göstermektedir.
Risk factors affecting the occurrence of urinary schistosomiasis and urinary tract infections in some communities of Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Kone Kikelomo Jennifer , Onifade Anthony Kayode , Dada Ebenezer Oluyemi
Published: December 2022

Schistosomiasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases, affecting about 240 million people worldwide. Urinary schistosomiasis (US) is a chronic and debilitating disease caused by blood flukes, Schistosoma haematobium, and people with US are vulnerable to secondary infections caused by bacteria. The study was designed to evaluate the risk factors involved in US and urinary tract infection (UTI) in parts of Ondo State, Nigeria. The study areas were rural communities known to be endemic for schistosomiasis, with farming as their major occupation and they depend solely on the use of the infected rivers for their day to day activities. Structured questionnaires were administered to obtain information concerning the infections. Five hundred and nine community dwellers participated in the study. The results showed that schistosomiasis was significant for gender and age (X2(1) = 23.934, p = 0.000) and (X2(7) = 85.991, p = 0.000), respectively, while UTI was not significant for age and gender. The study revealed that gender, age, contact with infected water, and duration spent in the water were risk factors associated with the development of schistosomiasis and UTI in the communities.
An inverse problem for modeling open channel flow with movable bed
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Ghasempour Roghayeh , Azamathulla Hazi Mohammad
Published: December 2022

In this research, an explicit finite difference two steps scheme developed by Richtmyer is presented for simulation of 1D steady/unsteady flow and bed morphology in alluvial channels. Some laboratory experiments were performed in a mobile-bed flume for both of steady an unsteady flow to validate the proposed model. For improving the simulation, first, the role of sediment transport formulas, coupled–uncoupled approaches and simplification in the mass continuity equation are investigated. Comparisons between experimental data and model performance highlight the advantage of coupled method over the uncoupled method, domain role of sediment transport model in the bed morphological simulation and inaccuracy of aggradation processes due to simplifying the mixture continuity equation. Second, the importance of changing alluvial roughness is established by testing the model with calibrated and optimized friction factors. The inverse problem of estimating alluvial flow roughness is solved using a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization model coupled with alluvial flow model. The study demonstrates that the application of GA in the search for optimal values of roughness coefficients can significantly reduce computational errors and improve the computed water stage hydrographs. Role of the choice of the objective function is also mentioned.
SOBRE PRISÕES SEM MUROS: PUNIÇÃO E DULCIFICAÇÃO DE INDÍGENAS EM DOURADOS NO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Silva Tédney Moreira da , Botelho Tiago Resende , Otero Nathaly Conceição Munarini
Published: December 2022

Trata-se de artigo científico cujo objetivo é apresentar as reflexões iniciais acerca da execução da pena privativa de liberdade imposta a indígenas no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, particularmente no Município de Dourados, considerando-se ser este o ente federado que contempla o maior número de indígenas encarcerados (ou que produz mais dados sobre o tema), segundo o Ministério da Justiça e Segurança Pública (MJSP), em relatório divulgado em 2020, e a Agência Estadual de Administração do Sistema Penitenciário (AGEPEN) de Mato Grosso doSul. A finalidade da pesquisa é averiguar o impacto do contexto de privação de liberdade nas pessoas indígenas condenadas ou custodiadas cautelarmente pelo Estado, tendo em vista sua extrema vulnerabilidade e seu baixo reconhecimento político-social, com a tendência a que se ignore, na execução penal, a necessidade de adoção de sistemas diferenciados de punibilidade. Como hipótese de pesquisa, pretende-se demonstrar que o aprisionamento de indígenas põe em risco o gozo de direitos humanos especiais tanto pelo aprofundamento da vulnerabilidadequanto pela colocação dessas pessoas em situações de risco mais elevado que ferem seus direitos à vida e à integridade pessoal, além de dificultar sobremaneira seu retorno ao convívio comunitário.
ATOS DE INDISCIPLINA: UMA ANÁLISE PRAXEOLÓGICA DOS PROCESSOS DISCIPLINARES DE EXECUÇÃO DA PENA NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Geraldo Pedro Heitor Barros , Andrade Betania de Oliveira Almeida de
Published: December 2022

Esta análise praxeológica se insere numa reflexão interdisciplinar sobre o significado das práticas jurídicas no contexto do controle do cumprimento da pena numa unidade prisional feminina na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir da análise dos processos disciplinares e da observação participante acompanhando atendimento realizado pelos defensores públicos. A análise dos registros e seus significados para os policiais penais demonstram a existência de uma forma de dominação das inspetoras com raras supervisões pelos gestores da justiça. Como consequência, há um prolongamento do tempo da pena para uma superpopulação carcerária que continua crescendo.
EU TE VEJO! CARTA PARA “MARIA CLARA” DESDE A ENTRADA NO LABIRINTO PRISIONAL
Authors: Rosa Marinês da
Published: December 2022

O texto remete à problematização de cenas observadas desde a entrada no “labirinto” do cárcere durante a pesquisa de campo realizada para a tese doutoral em 2018. A narrativa é dirigida à “Maria Clara”, uma das “Mulheres no cárcere”, interlocutora no referido estudo. A escuta sentida é acionada como recurso teórico-metodológico para a reflexão sobre os episódios descritos em torno das interações que ocorrem nos espaços de setores como a gestão e segurança prisional, saúde, social e religião. O estudo possibilitou a compreensão das distintas formas de gerir o controle sobre os corpos das “Mulheres no cárcere”, fazendo valer o alcance da privação da liberdade que se expande para além das grades das celas/alas. Outrossim, tensiona-se as metodologias de pesquisa no cárcere, considerando-se que entre os saberes/poderes acionados nas interações com as pessoas que vivem seu cotidiano, também estão os saberes/poderes acadêmicos que precisam ser ponderados.
Goals for a Sustainable Development and the Environmental Protection
Authors:   University Aurel Vlaicu Arad, Stanescu Michaela Dina
Published: December 2022

Sustainable Development became from the start one of the most essential elements of global policy. The interest in the future of our planet modified people's mentality concerning economic development. A number of changes were developed over the years in direct connection with environmental stability. The linear economy turned into a circular one, preservation of carbon resources, “green processes” in industry and agriculture, as well as pollution elimination from air, land, and water represent ways to safer society progress. New tools were created for sustainable development. Among these, the Sustainable Development Goals are of great importance as they clarify of the targets to be fulfilled. These targets are obviously in close relation to the measures for environmental protection. The paper presents the 17 Sustainable Development Goals with their targets as well as the connection of these to the safety of the environment. The role of education and information in the field and the need for global cooperation are underlined.
An overview of the most actual methods of pyrite ash valorization
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Codreanu Ana-Maria Nicoleta , Constantin Alina ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Kim Lidia ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Gasnac Marian Gabriel ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: December 2022

The obtaining process of sulfuric acid, that involves roasted of pyrite ores, leads to accumulation of a significant amount of secondary matter known as pyrite ash. This waste, that is found worldwide in quantities of millions of tons, it is highlighted by his chemical composition, based on the presence of high concentrations of hematite and magnetite. By implementing worldwide of the concept of circular economy, the use of pyritic ash as an alternative source of iron is a topic of current interest. This study is proposing to present the latest trends in the methods of valorization of pyritic ash that are presented in the specialty literature, which can be implemented in various branches of industry.
Distribution of the heavy metals in the soil and water matrix, a space-time overview from a lakes protected area
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Manea Catalin , Spinu Narcis Claudiu ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Draghici Mihaiela ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of environmental factors of soil and water in a protected area in Romania, namely the Preajba-Facai lake system in Dolj County. Highlighting the evolutionary aspects of the analyzed quality parameters (20 physical-chemical indicators) on a spatial-temporal scale in order to establish geochemical thresholds is the final result of a larger project. The presented results were obtained through seasonal monitoring over a period of 3 years, which involves water and soil sampling and subsequent laboratory analysis. The results obtained were interpreted in relation to the legislation in force and through a more suggestive evaluation by calculating the pollution indices: the global pollution index (IPC) for water and the Nemerov synthetic soil contamination index. Following the field visits, additional information was brought, which contributed to a good knowledge of this region. Although protected, the area is influenced by anthropogenic factors, which negatively impact the environment. In some cases, non-conformities were identified and validated through the analysis performed.
A Posthuman View of The Blazing World
Authors: Metinoğlu Niğmet
Published: December 2022

Set in an unknown time in a utopian world named The Blazing World, Margaret Cavendish’s prose fiction published in 1666 introduces a posthuman utopian world. Cavendish philosophizes on a variety of subjects from science and technology to religion and human rights in her narrative. The text is considered the predecessor of science fiction novels as well as utopian and dystopian novels. It is packed with numerous beings that are half human and half animal as well as immaterial spirits and pieces of technology. The nonhuman creations of the writer in the novel have human-like attributes, which challenges the basic assumptions of human that have prevailed since the Enlightenment. These assumptions of human claiming that humans are the only beings with agency, intelligence, and intentionality may be repudiated by Cavendish’s fictional creatures who have these features attributed to men. In addition, they use their agency, intelligence, and intentionality to shape a world that lives in peace and harmony, which makes them even more outstanding entities than humans in the book. This paper aims to analyze Margaret Cavendish’s proto-science fiction text in the light of posthumanism with a post-anthropocentric view to question the ongoing anthropocentric attitude since the Enlightenment.
REDUCING LUPUS PATIENTS' HOPELESSNESS THROUGH BEAUTY CLASS IN MALANG CITY IN HONOR OF WORLD LUPUS DAY
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Wahono Cesarius Singgih , Dewi Elvira Sari ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Dantara Tri Wahyudi Iman , Rahman Perdana Aditya , Handono Kusworini , Nurdiana Nurdiana , Susianti Hani , Hasanah Dian ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Putri Choirinnisa Meilia Ayu ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Ariyanti Nora ,   Aurell Skincare, Kalim Handono ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2022

Lupus is a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease with mild to severe clinical features and can lead to hopelessness if not treated properly. The purpose of this activity is to give a beauty class and see how it affects the hopelessness of lupus patients in honor of World Lupus Day. Methods: Organizing World Lupus Day activities such as experts seminars on lupus at a glance, being friendly with lupus, and staying beautiful with lupus; a musical drama and dance performance by a lupus support group with the theme “You Are Beautiful”; and a lupus beauty class. The activity was completed in one day in May 2018 by collecting pre-test and post-test data on the incidence of hopelessness in lupus patients using the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). A total of 100 lupus patients participated in the activity, and all of them underwent pre- and post-testing. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with α=0.05 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: All participants expressed delight and satisfaction with their participation in this activity. The mean BHS scores before and after the beauty class were 8.62+2.68 and 6.36+1.59, respectively, with a significant difference (p=0.000). Conclusion: Beauty class is a fun way for lupus patients to feel less hopeless about their illness. Every year, an activity to commemorate World Lupus Day is required, which is beneficial for lupus patients.
ANALYSIS OF NEW TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE RITM-200 REACTOR PLANT IN THE PROJECT 22220 OF UNIVERSAL NUCLEAR ICEBREAKERS
Authors: Korolev Vladimir I.
Published: December 2022

The project 22220 of a new two-stage universal nuclear icebreaker involves the construction of 5 similar icebreakers to work in the Arctic. At the same time, two icebreakers of this project are already in operation. RITM-200 reactor installations are installed on icebreakers. The main feature of these reactor installations (RI) is the monoblock layout of the main equipment. This type of layout should gradually replace existing since 1975 and a positively proven block layout of the reactor installation. To date, the development of new reactor installations is small and it is too early to talk about the practical results of their operation, but it is possible to discuss new technical solutions in the project. At the same time, there is a long experience in the operation of previous projects of nuclear icebreakers (10520, 10521, 10580) with a total operating time of about 400 reactor years. The received comprehensive information on the creation and operation of these facilities is a solid basis for comparing the technical solutions used on new universal nuclear icebreakers, including on the reactor installations. A methodology for comparing already known technical solutions for existing installations with new ones proposed by the designer is proposed in the paper. In this situation, the author acts as an independent expert with an assessment of the relative positivity of new technical solutions. At the same time, the assessment is carried out according to 6 comparison criteria developed on the basis of the analysis of the accompanying technical documentation on reactor installation developed by the Afrikantov OKBM. Six most important new integrated technical solutions for the modernization of the reactor installation for universal nuclear icebreakers are considered. Such an analysis is also important because an optimized power unit for low-power floating nuclear power plants is being developed on the basis of the design experience gained. As an energy source, two RHYTHM-200M steering wheels are used here. In addition, the RITM-400 reactor plant with a thermal capacity of 315 MW for the leader icebreaker with a capacity of 120 MW is conceptually similar to the RITM-200 and the differences are mainly due to increased thermal power and an increased number of energy loops while maintaining dimensions. The analysis has showed that the complexes of technical solutions mainly have a high relative positivity and take into account the latest scientific achievements and technology development.
Designing an App for Parents and Caregivers to Promote Cognitive and Socioemotional Development and Well-being Among Children Aged 0 to 5 Years in Diverse Cultural Settings: Scientific Framework
Authors: Crouse Jacob J , LaMonica Haley M , Song Yun Ju Christine , Boulton Kelsie A , Rohleder Cathrin , DeMayo Marilena M , Wilson Chloe E , Loblay Victoria , Hindmarsh Gabrielle , Stratigos Tina , Krausz Michael , Foo Nathanael , Teo Melissa , Hunter Andrew , Guastella Adam J , Banati Richard B , Troy Jakelin , Hickie Ian B
Published: December 2022

Recent years have seen remarkable progress in our scientific understanding of early childhood social, emotional, and cognitive development, as well as our capacity to widely disseminate health information by using digital technologies. Together, these scientific and technological advances offer exciting opportunities to deliver high-quality information about early childhood development (ECD) to parents and families globally, which may ultimately lead to greater knowledge and confidence among parents and better outcomes among children (particularly in lower- and middle-income countries). With these potential benefits in mind, we set out to design, develop, implement, and evaluate a new parenting app—Thrive by Five—that will be available in 30 countries. The app will provide caregivers and families with evidence-based and culturally appropriate information about ECD, accompanied by sets of collective actions that go beyond mere tips for parenting practices. Herein, we describe this ongoing global project and discuss the components of our scientific framework for developing and prototyping the app’s content. Specifically, we describe (1) 5 domains that are used to organize the content and goals of the app’s information and associated practices; (2) 5 neurobiological systems that are relevant to ECD and can be behaviorally targeted to potentially influence social, emotional, and cognitive development; (3) our anthropological and cultural framework for learning about local contexts and appreciating decolonization perspectives; and (4) our approach to tailoring the app’s content to local contexts, which involves collaboration with in-country partner organizations and local and international subject matter experts in ECD, education, medicine, psychology, and anthropology, among others. Finally, we provide examples of the content that was incorporated in Thrive by Five when it launched globally.
Combining Intensive Rehabilitation With a Nonfunctional Isokinetic Strengthening Program in Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Guérin Mathias , Sijobert Benoit , Zaragoza Benjamin , Cambon Flore , Boyer Laurence , Patte Karine
Published: December 2022

Background

Cerebral palsy is the most common brain injury in the pediatric population. Patients with cerebral palsy present different affectations such as decreased muscle strength, gait deviations, impaired proprioception, and spasticity. Isokinetic strengthening programs combined with intensive rehabilitation may improve muscle strength and therefore gait efficiency.

Objective

The primary aim of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the effect of an intensive rehabilitation combined with a nonfunctional isokinetic progressive strengthening program to an intensive rehabilitation alone on gait parameters and muscle strength in patients with cerebral palsy. Another goal of this study is to determine whether adding an isokinetic program to intensive rehabilitation is more effective than intensive rehabilitation alone at decreasing spasticity and improving joint position sense in patients with cerebral palsy.

Methods

A total of 30 adolescents with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy (Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I to III) will be randomized, by an independent researcher, into a 3-week intensive rehabilitation and isokinetic progressive strengthening group or an intensive rehabilitation control group. Gait parameters, muscle strength, spasticity, and knee joint position sense will be assessed. These variables will be evaluated at baseline (T0) and at the end of the intervention (T1). The intensive rehabilitation will consist of physiotherapy sessions twice a day and hydrotherapy and virtual reality gait training once a day. The isokinetic training group will have a total of 9 supervised isokinetic strength training sessions focusing on knee flexors and extensors with different execution speeds.

Results

The protocol has been accepted by the French National Ethics Committee in October 2022. The inclusion of patients will start in November 2022.

Conclusions

The combination of intensive rehabilitation with an isokinetic program on knee flexors and extensors has not been studied yet. The findings of this study may determine if an isokinetic strength training program of knee flexors and extensors is beneficial for the improvement of gait parameters, muscle strength, spasticity, and joint position sense in adolescents with spastic diplegia.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/43221
Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability in Northern India: A Case-Control Study (Preprint)
Authors: Singh Shivam , Basera Pragati , Agarwal Preeti , Arya Amit , Ali Wahid , Rohatgi Kopal , Ozair Ahmad
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) affect 2-3% of the global population with both conditions having unclear pathophysiology. Little data exists from South Asia examining the association between these conditions and the disturbances in thyroid profile and vitamin-D status.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to characterize the association between these conditions and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) levels, from a resource-limited setting in India.

METHODS

The present work was a prospective, multi-arm, case-control study conducted and reported in accordance with Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Children with ASD, children with ID, and age-and-sex-matched healthy controls, attending the outpatient clinics of pediatrics and psychiatry in Northern India were included. Primary outcomes were serum TSH and 25(OH)D3 levels, which were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay and compared using ANOVA.

RESULTS

A total of 45 children were included of which 15 had ASD, 30 with ID, and 30 were controls. There were 44 males and 31 females, with a mean age of 7.01±2.77 years. Mean±SD levels of 25(OH)D3 were significantly lower in ASD (9.53±4.93 IU/mL) and ID (14.39±5.99 IU/mL) compared to healthy controls (16.37±10.68 IU/mL) [p=0.032]. Mean±SD levels of TSH were similar in ASD (2.65±1.96 ), ID (2.47±2.03), and controls (2.19±1.42), with no significant difference [F-value=0.37; P=0.69]. 8% (N=6/75) of the participants had raised TSH levels.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, children with ASD and ID have significantly lower vitamin D3 levels compared to healthy controls. High-quality randomized controlled trials are warranted to further investigate the therapeutic impact of early-life vitamin D supplementation in these indications.
Development and Validation of Prediction Models for High Flow Nasal Cannula Failure in Patients with Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure: A Machine-Learning Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Jun Lv , Yin Haiyan , Cheng Hongtao , Wang Zichen , Gu Wan-Jie , Zhang Luming , Huang Tao
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Background: Acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) accounts for a large proportion of intensive care unit admissions. High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an emerging respiratory support technique that may improve oxygenation levels in patients. However, failure of HFNC may result in delayed intubation, prolonged mechanical ventilation and increased risk of increased mortality. Timely and accurate prediction of HFNC failure is of clinical importance.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: to develope and validate prediction models for high flow nasal cannula failure in patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure.

METHODS

Methods: Firstly, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was used as the feature selection for HFNC failure, and the features suitable for constructing the prediction model were selected by the lowest λ of the minimum mean cross-validation error. Next, four machine learning algorithms, C5.0, random forest (RF), extreme random tree (ERT) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were selected to construct the prediction models. Finally, the models are validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and exact recall (PR) curves, model evaluation metrics, calibration plots and decision curve analysis, and further evaluated by internal validation.

RESULTS

Results: The study included 739 patients. Of those, 232 (31.4%) patients experienced HFNC failure. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of the C5.0, random forest, extremely randomized trees , and Extreme Gradient Boosting models were 0.807, 0.819, 0.816, and 0.818, respectively, which were higher than the ROX (AUROC=0.603) and mROX (AUROC=0.579) indexes. Similarly, the areas under the precision-recall curves (AUPRs) of the C5.0, RF, ERT, and XGBoost models were 0.813, 0.837, 0.832, and 0.839, respectively, which were higher than the ROX (AUPR=0.646) and mROX (AUPR=0.609) indexes. The ERT model had the most balanced predictive performance (sensitivity 0.701, specificity 0.817, accuracy 0.761, and balanced accuracy 0.759). The calibration curves demonstrated that the predicted risk probabilities among the ML models and the observed probabilities maintained good consistency. The results of the decision-curve analysis indicated the clinical validity of the ML model.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: This study has developed an interpretable ML model for accurately predicting the risk of HFNC failure in patients with AHRF. The model had better predictive performance than the existing ROX and mROX indexes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Trial registration: None
A comprehensive overview in Melanogenesis: A Visualization and Bibliometric Analysis of 2012-2022 (Preprint)
Authors: Zhao Yuanyuan , Jiang Ling , Fu Chuhan , Hu Yibo , Zhu Lu , Zhang Fan , Chen Jing , Huang Jinhua , Lei Li , Zeng Qinghai
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Melanin plays an essential role in determining human skin color. Melanogenesis is a process in which tyrosine is catalyzed by a variety of enzymes to form melanin granules. Dysfunction in melanogenesis leads to skin diseases including abnormal skin pigmentation – melasma, and vitiligo among others. The research progress of melanogenesis affects the development of skincare products. Hence, the research field of melanogenesis has become a hotspot in dermatology in the past decade.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to set up a bibliometric analysis of melanogenesis research in the latest 10 years.

METHODS

We downloaded the articles from the Web of Science Core Collection, using the subject term "melanogenesis", with a timespan starting from 2012 to 2022. The “bibliometrix” package of R, “Citespace” and “VOSviewer” software were used to perform content and bibliometric mapping analysis in melanogenesis research.

RESULTS

After refining, 2930 articles were retained. The distribution of annual publications showed an increased tendency. The geographical distribution revealed that scientific productions in Asia got ahead of Europe, North America and other areas in the field. The USA has cooperated most with other countries. The Seoul Natl University was the most productive organization. 70 % of melanogenesis-related papers were published in journals with impact factor (IF) 0-4, 27% within IF 5-9 and 3% in journals with IF above 10. The main research contents probe into ultraviolet radiation, mechanism, medicines and therapy, genes, melanosome development, microenvironment, signal pathways, inflammation factors, and skin whitening from 830 high-frequency keywords. The number of research themes increased over years. Early studies focused on melanogenesis inhibitors or tyrosinase activity and symptoms of melanogenesis disorders. However, in recent years, miRNA, RNA seq, microenvironment, aging, immunity and other aspects have been continuously studied.

CONCLUSIONS

The research field of melanogenesis is in a booming stage. As the quality of published articles increases, the diversity of research topics is increasing.

CLINICALTRIAL

None
News Media Coverage of the Problem of Purchasing Fake Prescription Medicines on the Internet: Thematic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Almomani Hamzeh , Patel Nilesh , Donyai Parastou
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

More people are turning to internet pharmacies to purchase their prescription medicines. This kind of purchase is associated with serious risks, including the risk of buying fake medicines, which are widely available on the internet. This underresearched issue has been highlighted by many newspaper articles in the past few years. Newspapers can play an important role in shaping public perceptions of the risks associated with purchasing prescription medicines on the internet. Thus, it is important to understand how the news media present this issue.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore newspaper coverage of the problem of purchasing fake prescription medicines on the internet.

METHODS

Newspaper articles were retrieved from the ProQuest electronic database using search terms related to the topic of buying fake prescription medicines on the internet. The search was limited to articles published between April 2019 and March 2022 to retrieve relevant articles in this fast-developing field. Articles were included if they were published in English and focused on prescription medicines. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the articles, and the Theory of Planned Behavior framework was used as a conceptual lens to develop the coding of themes.

RESULTS

A total of 106 articles were included and analyzed using thematic analysis. We identified 4 superordinate themes that represent newspaper coverage of the topic of buying prescription medicines on the internet. These themes are (1) the risks of purchasing medicines on the internet (eg, health risks and product quality concerns, financial risks, lack of accountability, risk of purchasing stolen medicines), (2) benefits that entice consumers to make the purchase (eg, convenience and quick purchase, lower cost, privacy of the purchase), (3) social influencing factors of the purchase (influencers, health care providers), and (4) facilitators of the purchase (eg, medicines shortages, pandemic disease such as COVID-19, social media, search engines, accessibility, low risk perception).

CONCLUSIONS

This theory-based study explored the news media coverage of the problem of fake prescription medicines being purchased on the internet by highlighting the complexity of personal beliefs and the range of external circumstances that could influence people to make these purchases. Further research is needed in this area to identify the factors that lead people to buy prescription medicines on the internet. Identifying these factors could enable the development of interventions to dissuade people from purchasing medicines from unsafe sources on the internet, thus protecting consumers from unsafe or illegal medicines.
Information capsules and their role in summarizing medical information: a case study (Preprint)
Authors: Hashemzadeh Mozhdeh , Rahimi Alireza , Allahbakhsh Mohammad , Adibi Peyman
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Information capsules are new kinds of abstracting methods that purposefully summarize studies.

OBJECTIVE

.

METHODS

As a case study, this article had two main purposes: A) Glancing at the models that used information capsule format. B) Proposing a pre-defined format for writing an information capsule. For this purpose, a total review was done of websites and applications that provide up-to-date medical information.

RESULTS

The results were shown that there are 5 cases in the world that have summarized medical information in information capsule formats such as ACP Journal Club, NEJM Journal Watch, Medscape, MDLinx, and MedicalUpdateOnline.

CONCLUSIONS

There was no clear and definitive standard for how to write an information capsule. They were mainly in the form of paragraphs and text, and depending on the goals of the team preparation could be personalized and get different features and sections. This is while observing the synopsis and simplifying the speech was the main condition in this process. Therefore a pre-defined structure for producing an information capsule was presented that can be used in different scopes.
The Impact of COVID-19 and Exposure to Violent Media Content on Cyber Violence Victimization among Adolescents in South Korea (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Eugene , Schulz Peter , Lee Hye Eun
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Due to COVID-19 and stay-at-home measures, adolescents experienced isolation and deterioration of mental health. As adolescents spend more time online during the pandemic, the issues of exposure to violent content and cyber victimization were raised. However, we do not have a clear sense of how the pandemic may have affected cyber violence experiences among adolescents. Therefore, it is valid to examine whether the pandemic has changed the dynamic of cyber violence victimization.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to examine how COVID-19 and exposure to violent media content impacted cyber violence victimization among adolescents in South Korea.

METHODS

We use 2019 (n = 4779) and 2020 (n = 4958) national survey data to examine whether or not COVID-19 has caused any significant changes in the experience of cyber violence among young adolescents. The data is collected from elementary 4th grade to senior high school students, asking about exposure to violent media, average internet usage, and experience of victimization and perpetration.

RESULTS

The findings show that there has been a significant decrease in cyber victimization during 2020 compared to 2019, B = -0.12, t = -3.45, P < .001. Experience as a perpetrator was a significant factor that contributed to cyber victimization, B = 0.57, t = 48.36, P < .001. As adolescents were younger (β = -.06, t = -6.09, P < .001), were spending more time online (β = .18, t = 13.83, P < .001), and were exposed to violent media (β = .14, t = 13.89, P < .001), they were likely to be victimized.

CONCLUSIONS

Due to the increased time spent online during COVID-19, people imagined the pandemic deteriorating cyber violence among adolescents. However, the study reveals that COVID-19 did not worsen cyber victimization, but rather reduced it. As there is a close relationship between cyber victimization and offline victimization, we need to focus on real-life interventions that prevent cyber violence that is rooted in in-person violence at school.
Pernio — the least severe local cold injury (scientific literature review)
Authors: Kravets O.V. , Gorbuntsov V.V. , Sedinkin V.A. , Yekhalov V.V.
Published: December 2022

Local cold injury is a certain problem of peacetime and all-out military invasion. In modern guidelines, almost no attention is paid to the least severe local cold lesion of perniosis. However, such a variant of local cold injury should not be underestimated, although it can be a safe transient condition, since we cannot exclude its rather serious consequences and complications, which are sometimes accompanied by chronicity of the process and even disability.
Tick-borne encephalitis — features of the course (literature review)
Authors: Moskaliuk V.D. , Sirota B.V. , Balaniuk I.V. , Andrushchak M.O. , Davydenko O.M.
Published: December 2022

Infectious diseases have always been and remain relevant throughout the entire history of human existence. In particular, in recent years, the number of cases of naturally occurring zooanthroponous diseases the causative agents of which are transmitted mainly through tick bites has increased. The epidemiological situation regarding such an infectious disease as tick-borne encephalitis changes every year. With the growing popularity of tourism, this infection is becoming a problem not only within endemic regions. More and more cases of diseases not related to risk factors of a professional nature are being registered, which attracts attention and requires a review of the attitude to the disease, a deeper study of the features of its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis, treatment, as well as the search and application of the maximum effective prevention methods.
Effectiveness of the immunomodulator thymalin in experimental coronavirus infection
Authors: Kozlovsky M.M.
Published: December 2022

The situation with the COVID-19 pandemic in the world is still tense. Due to the peculiarities of its pathogens, there is a low efficiency in the use of available specific etiotropic drugs, which leads to the need to search for new active means of combating this dangerous infectious disease. Since the function of T-cell immunity is significantly impaired in COVID-19, it is advisable to find out the effect of correcting this part of the immune response on the course of coronavirus infection. For this purpose, a screening study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the thymus preparation thymalin in an experiment on laboratory mice infected with murine hepatitis virus, which belongs to the same subgroup of coronaviruses that includes SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was found that the study drug significantly protected infected mice at the level of 45.0–60.0 % compared to the controls and increased the average life expectancy of the test animals by 2.6–5.6 days compared to the control group, which in percentage terms is 51–110 %. The results obtained can serve as the basis for conducting regulated clinical trials with the aim of using this official medicinal product in clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of coronavirus infections in humans, including COVID-19.
Ukrainian scientists — chief infectious disease specialists and epidemiologists of the central medical service, fronts (fleets), armies and military districts during the Second World War
Authors: Boichak M.P.
Published: December 2022

The article considers the role of Ukrainian scientists — chief infectious disease specialists and epidemiologists of the central medical service, fronts (fleets), armies and military districts in ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the troops during the Second World War.
Motivation of Farmers in The Corporate Farming Program in Gapoktan Sidomulyo Kapanewon Godean Sleman Regency
Authors: Rahmawati Fitri Laela , Raya Alia Bihrajihant , Harsoyo Harsoyo , Widhiningsih Diah Fitria
Published: December 2022

Corporate Farming is a program that establishes farmer economic institutions with legal entities in the form of cooperatives or others to encourage the empowerment of agricultural institutions in overcoming farming problems. With the new program issued by the government, hopefully, farmers have the motivation to participate and implement the program to improve the welfare of farming businesses. The aims of this study are: 1) to portray the level of motivation of farmers in participating in the corporate farming program at the Sidomulyo Farmers Association (Gapoktan) in Sidomulyo Urban Village, Kapanewon Godean, Sleman Regency; 2) to comprehend the factors that influence the motivation of farmers in participating in the corporate farming program at the Sidomulyo Farmers' Association in Sidomulyo Urban Village Kapanewon Godean, Sleman Regency. The research applies a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The combined sampling of farmer groups is carried out by purposive sampling, namely the Sidomulyo Farmer Group Association. Furthermore, the research respondents are selected by simple random sampling on all members of the Farmer Group Association who participated in the corporate farming program. So, the total respondents are 40 farmers. The analysis in this study uses the proportion test and multiple linear regression. The results show that most farmers (more than 50%) in Gapoktan Sidomulyo have a high level of motivation to take part in the program. The factors that significantly influence the motivation of farmers to participate in the corporate farming program are the role of Gapoktan and the accomplishment of the corporate farming program. The factors that have no significant impact on the motivation of farmers to participate in the program are the level of education, land area, farm income, and the number of dependents of the family.
Research on the Relationship between Cash Holding and Business Credit in the View of Supply Chain
Authors: Mengyan Wang
Published: December 2022

This paper analyzes the relationship between corporate cash holdings and commercial credit from the perspective of supply chain, selects 1162 listed companies from 2017 to 2021 as sample objects, analyzes the impact of corporate commercial credit on cash holdings, and discusses the regulatory role of regional financial development level on this impact. The final result shows that there is a significant positive correlation between business payables, i.e. business credit obtained by enterprises, and cash holdings; There is a significant negative correlation between enterprise receivables, i.e. business credit provided by enterprises, and enterprise cash holdings.
Research on the Innovation of the Training Mechanism of Hotel Management Professionals Based on Stakeholder Collaboration
Authors: Shangkun Yao
Published: December 2022

In 2019, China put forward the “Double High Plan”, emphasizing that vocational education should “serve the needs of building a modern economic system and higher quality and full employment”. The improvement of the requirements for the transformation and development of the service economy and the objective needs for high-quality employment of students all require the government to further transform its social functions, enhance its sense of corporate social responsibility, and give play to the role of industry enterprises and other stakeholders. To re-examine the existing talent training model of higher vocational colleges from the perspective of stakeholder theory and incorporate the interest demands of stakeholders into the talent training model will help achieve mutual benefit and win-win results for stakeholders, and further promote the implicit development of higher vocational colleges. This paper studies the innovation of the training mechanism of hotel management professionals based on stakeholder collaboration.
Research on Exhibition Service Quality Improvement Based on Exhibitors’ Perspective—Take the 42nd China Shandong Medical Expo as an Example
Authors: Guan Xiang-Tai , Tian Cai-Yun
Published: December 2022

Exhibitors are the main body of the exhibition, and improving the exhibition’s service quality to win the exhibition’s satisfaction is an essential condition for the exhibition to obtain and maintain a competitive advantage. This paper introduces information into the SERVQUAL model, constructs an evaluation scale of 21 items, including six dimensions of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and information, and takes the 42nd Shandong Medical Expo as an example to evaluate and analyze the service quality of the exhibition. It is found that the expectation perception gap between reliability and responsiveness is the largest, the expectation perception gap between assurance and empathy is more significant, and the expectation perception gap between tangibles and information is the smallest. Finally, some suggestions and countermeasures are put forward from the aspects of improving the exhibition design, highlighting the characteristics of the exhibition, broadening the content of exhibition activities, enhancing the value of exhibitors, attaching importance to the perception of exhibitors, improving the level of service, using digital technology and strengthening the effect of exhibitors.