bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Truncus arteriosus Type ii
Authors: K.Gatea Shakir , K.Aljanabi Adnan , H. Hussein3 Hassam
Published: January 2024

Background : Truncus arteriosus (TA) is an uncommon congenital cardiovascular anomaly that is characterized by a single arterial trunk arising from the normally formed ventricles by means of a single semilunar valve (ie, truncal valve).Case presentation : A 3-month-old female infant product of spontaneous vaginal delivery complaining from dyspnea , tachypnea , mild cyanosis since birth , decrease in feeding and activity ,She was admitted twice in different hospitals and diagnose as a case of VSD with pulmonary hypertention , given treatment but no response , the family picked her to Babylon for maternity and children hospital . ECHO and cardiac CT- angiography was done were revealed truncus arteriosus.She was treated by anti failure and drug which lower pulmonary vascular resistance, her condition improve and become stable . after that they went to turkey where operation was done in specialized cardiac centre before age of six month.Conclusion : In any infant with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure and mild cyanosis truncus arteriosus shoud be suspected.Corrective operation should be done in first six month of ageTruncus arteriosus (TA) is a rare cardiac disorder,(1)account of about (0.7%-1.4%) of all congenital heart disease, in which aorta and pulmonary artery were not separated completely during fetal development and both originate jointly from left ventricle(2). It has an incidence of about 0.3/10,000 live birth,no striking sex difference although most series contain male more than female.(3,4..Etiology is multifactorial and it may be associated with microdeletion chromosome 22q11.2, maternal diabetes has been implicated as a risk factor for truncus arteriosus.(5)The number of truncal valve cusps varies from 2 to as many as 6 and the valve may stenotic,regurgitant, or both(6). Its had been classified by Collet and Edwards in 4 different types in 1949.Type I in which the pulmonary arteries can arise together from the posterior left side of the persistent truncus arteriosus and then divided into left and right pulmonary171arteries, in type II and III, no main pulmonary artery is present, and the right and left pulmonary arteries arise from separated orifice on posterior(type II) or lateral (type III) aspect of truncus arteriosus. Type IV truncus is a termno longer used, this essentially a form of pulmonary atresia.(6)During past 20 years, diagnostic and therapeutic methods along with immediate intervention for surgery in infancy with complete reparation of VSD lead to evident improvement and less morbidity in newborns. Truncus arteriosus canbe diagnosed in utero by fetal echocardiography.(7)
Knowledge, attitude and Practice on cholera epidemic in AL-Diwaniya Province
Authors: A. Alkhaledi Fatima
Published: January 2024

Cholera is an acute bacterial enteric disease characterized in a severe form by sudden onset, profuse painless watery stool (rice water stool) 1, nausea and profuse vomiting early in the course of illness. In untreated case, rapid dehydration, circulatory collapse, hypoglycemia in children, and renal failure can lead to death.The aim of study was to get the level of Knowledge, practice and attitude of the population of Al-diwaniya Province and their relation with them socio-demographic characteristics.Cross sectional study from 1st November 2015 to 1st march 2016 to get the knowledge, attitude and practice of dewaniyah population by interviewing them and filling the questionnaire excluding who worked in health sectors.The results of study showed significant impact of level of education on the knowledge score in such a way that the higher the educational level, the better the knowledge; this finding agrees with Wahed T. et al. (2013) 1. This significant association may be explained by better understanding for disease process experienced by well-educated person and the more scientific thinking of those persons about disease prevention and treatment.The educated persons were less affected by faulty knowledge presented by the society and general media like facebook and other social media technology.National educational programs should be adopted by health authorities to satisfy two objectives; the first being global insight focused on the communicable diseases and the second being a fight against misleading knowledge adopted by uncontrolled media.
Chromosomal Aberration Study of Human Lymphocytes exposed to Americium -241 in vitro
Authors: Hussen Khalel Sarab , Ibrahim Riah Khalid , Hajwal Rabab
Published: January 2024

This study was intended to decide the impact of ?-partcales for acceptance of chromosome deviation. The venous blood sample was drawn from 30 years old healthy male donor. The blood sample after cultured in RPMI was divided into two groups, the first was as control and the second was exposed to radiation from Am-241 to detect the effect of it on chromosomal aberration (CA). The cultures exposed to Am-241 have dicentric (52.8%), breaks (20%) , fragments(18.5%) and (6.8%) ring chromosomes . There was significant differences (p ? 0.5 ) compared with control sample. Dicentric show high percentage of chromosomal aberration compared with other CA. The mean of mitotic index (MI) and stander deviation was (2.212±2.236) for radiation exposed sample higher than that of control was(1.565±1.581). It has been concluded the exposure to low ?-particales could caused chromosomal aberrations in human cells.
The Levels of Testosterone, FSH and LH in Pregnant Women with Chronic Toxoplasmosis in Najaf Province
Authors: A. AL-Asady Raad
Published: January 2024

Infection with the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is widely prevalent in human and vertebrate animals. A wide range effects of toxoplasmosis has been studied, but there are still unknown aspects which must be explored The present study investigates the changes of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in pregnant women with chronic toxoplasmosis using mini-VIDAS technique. A total number of 59 toxoplasma-IgG positive pregnant women and 28 healthy toxoplasm-IgG seronagative pregnant women were involved. The results showed that pregnant women with Toxoplasma chronic infection revealed insignificant higher levels of testosterone and LH (0.44 ng/ml, 1.74 mIU/ml respectively), and insignificant lower levels of FSH (1.78 mIU/ml) in compared to non-toxoplasmic pregnant women (0.42 ng/ml, 1.68 mIU/ml, 2.25mIU/ml). These findings are to suggest that chronic infection with T. gondii has no association with significant changes of these hormones in pregnant women.
Detection of virulence factors of E.coli in patients with acute UTI
Authors: Ali Talib Aldamarchi Ali , Gahnem Alnaily Dheaa , Magid Alsalhy Rawaa
Published: January 2024

Aim: To define the most virulence factors of E.coli that causing acute urinary tract infection in some patients including diabetics, and showing the effect of this virulence on culture and sensitivity results in urine samples.Patients and methods: 180 patients with age ranging from 18 up to 80 years of both genders with a features of acute UTI, E Coli was a causative agent found in 137 (76%) of them. Direct smear for microscopic features, culture urine samples on selective (Mackonky agar) and enrichment media (blood agar) to uptake standers colonies, then the bacterial was isolate and send for biochemical tests to identification the E.coli bacteria virulence factors then DNA samples using to detect virulence factors genes by PCR technique.Result: 137 (76%) patients from 180 patients with acut UTI were causing by E Coli. The UTI shows that the youth age (20-30 years) and elderly age groups are more infected than others age group. Acute UTI are more commonly occur in female with a ratio about 72% of patients. Also UTI was more frequent in obese patients. 51 patients had poorly control diabetes mellitus. One or more of virulence factor genes were found in all patients while all virulence factor genes are seen in diabetic patients.Conclusion: E.coli bacteria are more causative agent for UTI than other bacterial types and the virulancy of E.coli differ from patients to another as a result of chronic disease, pregnancy and other condition. Youth age group (20-30 years) are more exposure to infection with E.coli UTI , and the female had more chance for UTI than male.Recommendation: Detection of virulence factors in infected individuals may be predict the response for treatment.
Aettiiollogy off Hoarrseness iin Pattiientts above 40 Yearrs off Age (Across Secttiionall Sttudy)
Authors: Mahdii Mhabiish Faaz , All Yasiri Rahi
Published: January 2024

Objectives: this study is designed to determine the most common causes of  hoarseness in patients above 40 years of age and the relationship between hoarseness causes and its duration.

Patient and Methods: the study is cross sectional study. It considers 80 patients with hoarseness who were assessed between april 2011 and December 2011 at E.N.T. outpatient clinic ;department of otolaryngology in AL Diwaniya Teaching hospitalIn AL Diwaniya city. Ira

Results :out of the 80 patients ,57 had hoarseness because of non-neoplastic causes giving an incidence of 71,25% (infective laryngitis n= 23,28.75% ,acid laryngitis n =17,21.25%, allergic laryngitis n =13,16.25,%, vocal cord palsy n =2, 2.5,%, psychogenic n =2,2.5%, ) while hoarseness occured in the remaining 23 patients as aresult of neoplastic causes, giving an incidence of 28, 75% (laryngea carcinoma n = 12, 15 % vocal cord polyp n =6, 7.5 %,voca c. nodule n = 3, 375%,laryngeal cyst n =1 1. 25% granuoma n = 1,1.25%, benign tumor n = 00 %) we also found that hoarse patients for aduration of more than one month were; likely to have aneoplastc cause more than non-neoplastic cause Conclusionsthe incidence of non neoplaic causes of hoarseness in patents more than 40 year d are more common han neoplastic causes. Moreover hoarse patients who have alonger duraton of hoarseness have amore chance to have neoplasic cause than non- neoplastic cause
Patterns of acute poisoning among children admitted to maternity and children, teaching hospital, Al Diwaniyah city, Iraq
Authors: J. Hussein Adel
Published: January 2024

Acute poisoning, a common pediatric emergency, is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in children, especially in developing countries. The patterns of poisoning usually differ from country to country and from province to another within the same country. The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of acute chemical and drug poisoningcases admitted to the emergency department (ED) of maternity and children, teaching hospital in Al- Diwaniyah city and to compare poisoning characteristics between different age groups in the region. A review of medical records of 125 poisoning cases under 7 years of age, except for cases of food poisoning, snake bite, scorpion stings and cases with incomplete data were not included in this study, presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) during 2016 were determined .The mean age of all poisoned patients (mean ± standard deviation) was 2.26 ± 0.750.One hundred and twenty five children, forming 2.2% (125/5494) of total emergency unit admissions of all patients, were under seven years of age. Slightly more boys 71 (56.8%) than girls 54 (43.2%) were intoxicated with the male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The majority of all cases were due to accidental poisoning. In patients younger than one year of age 23(18.4%), of all poisonings were due to therapeutically error, 1 – 3 year 47 (37.6%), 4 – 7 year 55(44%). Chemical agents (58.4%) mostly kerosene (30.1%), agricultural pesticides/insecticides (19.1%), were the most frequent offending agent, followed by drugs comprised (41.6%), mostly due to Cold and cough medication (15.3%), The vast majority of these materials was stored in non-original containers, These drugs were available at home, being used either by the child or the parents and grandparents. The most common route of poisoning was ingestion of the poison (118 patients; 94.4%) and most were ingested inside the house (73.6%). No deaths were reported.There were obvious seasonal variations and most cases were admitted during in summer (42.4%) and spring (29.6%). Patients from rural areas (57.6%) were more than the patients from the urban areas (42.4%). Effective health promotional programs for parents regarding poisoning hazards are needed to increase the awareness and reduce the incidence of poisoning among children in our region in addition correct dealing with the chemical materials. A relationship exists between the parents’ level of education and the occurrence of pediatric poisoning particularly mothers. Since the level of education in this study was lower in the mothers and for mothers are thoseWho take primary care of children at home; they should be educated regarding care and prevention of lethal injuries to their children at home.
The rate of re-operation in patients with chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Ali Ahmed Meethak , Abbas Obaidi Zuhair
Published: January 2024

Background:

  Chronic subdural hematoma is a collection of liquefied blood between the dura and arachnoid layer of the brain which thought to result from injury to bridging veins crossing the subdural space. Patients with chronic subdural haematomas can present in a variety of ways, and symptom onset and progression may range from days to weeks. Surgical approach with standard methods is still controversial.

Objective: to compare patients outcome following two surgical approaches with or without closed system drainge.  

Patients and methods: The present prospective cohort study included 40 patients with subdural hematoma throughout the period extending from January 2010 to August 2014. Two bur hole craniostomies (12 mm in diameter) were made in each patients; one in front of the coronal suture and the other behind the hematoma and the procedure was done without membranectomy. In 15 cases, closed system drainage was placed into the hematoma cavity for an average of 2 days (1 to 3 days) after irrigation with physiologic saline solution.

Results: The outcome after operation was as following: 5 out of 25 patients in the first group needed re-operation accounting for a rate of (20%). The rate was slightly lower in the second group; 2 out of 15 (13.3%). The difference in rate of re-operation was not significant (P> 0.05)

Conclusion: The use of subdural closed drainage system is not superior to drainage and simple closure  in treatment of chronic subdural hematoma.
Antimicrobial Effect of Diode Laser and Biosynthesis Silver Nanoparticles on Escherichia Coli in Vitro
Authors: Sh. Alnayli Raad , H. Al Hamadani Adnan , A. Yaseen Safaa
Published: January 2024

The laser and nanoparticles representing the concourse of biological science with physical science and considering modern method that used as an antibacterial instead of conventional antibiotics. The present study is an attempt to illustrate how the use of laser or silver nanoparticles each of them individually, as an antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli (E. coli) as well as study the effective result from theabsorption of Diode laser energy by these nanoparticles to kill or inhibition bacterial growth. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are prepared by biological method E. coli were isolated and identified by use MacConkey agar and biochemical tests. Nanoparticles are tested against E. coli cultured on Muller Hinton agar but Diode laser or laser with nanoparticles are tested against E. coli that cultured in Nutrient broth. E. coli are irradiating by Diode laser with different times. Different concentrations of silver nanoparticles have been employed for killing and inhibition bacterial growth. Results showed E. coli was effected by nanoparticles (mainly highest concentration of nanoparticles) also detected that decrease bacterial availability with increase time of exposure to Diode laser
Efficacy and safety of adding single dose insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled by oral hypoglycemic drugs
Authors: Saad Al-Deen Abdul Razzaq Al-hilly Ali
Published: January 2024

Abstract:

Unfortunately, a Significant number of type 2 diabetic patients on oral hypoglycemic agents are not achieving the desired and recommended target of glycemic control in terms of reduction of HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose, this is largely because most of them are reluctant to use insulin injections for many reasons, mainly the painful injection, fear of hypoglycemia or inability to adapt to a complex regimen of multiple insulin injections. it has been recommended by many diabetes associations ( the American diabetes association(ADA) and the European association for the study of diabetes(EASD) ), in their algorithm of management of hyperglycemia in patients with uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c < 7 %) to add a basal ( long acting) insulin to their oral drug regimen as a more simple initial step of adding insulin that is acceptable by most patients and capable of achieving target glycemic levels. insulin glargine is the preferred long acting insulin analogue for its pharmacodynamic properties (peakless action profile with low incidence of hypoglycemia and longer duration of action) , furthermore, its pen formulary  makes it less painful  than conventional human insulin syringe injections.
Determination of Antimicrobial Activity of Bi2O3 nanospheres Against Multi-Drug Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: A. Alredha Abeer , M. Abdulridha Wasna'a , S. Alsehlawi Zuhair , N. Abd Ahmed
Published: January 2024

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the bactericidal activity of  Bi2O3nanospheres against the antimicrobial resistant isolates included Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliandKlebsiella sp.Bismuth Oxide Nanospere particles was prepared by chemical reduction technique with (11-30)nm average diameter, the colloidal of Bi2O3nanospheres was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), TransmitionElectron Microscopy (TEM) and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Three pathogenic strains of multi-drug resistant bacteria of each Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliandKlebsiella sp.were isolated and identified from different clinical samples usingtraditional methods on bacteriological culture media. The antibacterial susceptibility of (Amoxicillin, Cefotaxime,Gentamicin, and Ciproflouxacin) were analyzed on Muller Hinton agar plate and the activity of Bi2O3nanospheres was assayed using well diffusion method against tested bacteria. The results of antibacterial susceptibility of bacterial isolates exhibited high resistance to the antibiotics that used in the current study. According to these findings thecolloidalof Bi2O3nanospheres revealed highest activity when using 100 ?g/ml and the mean of inhibition zone was 18-22 mm for each S. aureus, E. coliandKlebsiella sp. However, the study showed slight effects (meanof inhibition zones ? 13 mm) when used50?g/ml of Bi2O3nanospheres.  In same way, the E. coliandKlebsiellasp were more susceptible (mean of inhibition zones;15-12mm) for 150?g/mlofBi2O3nanospheres, than S. aureus. It is concluded that theBi2O3nanosphereshave insitu effectiveness an displayed a good antibacterial action against the tested bacterial isolates.
Effects of Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract.
Authors: Nimnim Ali Talib
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) on the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract and small intestine are well described. Evidence is also accumulating that NSAIDS can induce and/or exacerbate the underlying pathology in the distal GI tract. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect NSAIDs on distal GIT

METHODS: In 79 consecutive patients with chronic user of NSAIDs and 50 matched controls were included in this study which is done in Aldewanyia city.  A detailed clinical history and physical examination were taking. Sigmoidoscopy; with or without colonoscopy were done were done to all patients and volunteer candidates, with histopathological study of rectal and colonic biopsies

RESULTS: Of the 79 cases of patients, 38 (48%) were had lower clinical manifestation and 31(39%) of patients had histopathological which is mainly non-specific colitis vs. 9 (22%), 4(8%) of controls; P < 0.0001). NSAID use was aspirin (alone or combined) in 34.2% of cases, and 70.25% were using other NSAIDs alone or combined. Other independent risk factors were also assessed like smoking, diabetes, and body weight.

CONCLUSIONS: NSAID use is strongly associated with an increased risk of upper GIT. This review study point up that NSAIDs can cause significant morbidity in some patients ranging from changing of bowel motion, profuse diarrhea, exacerbating of underlying inflammatory bowel disease, to chronic blood loss with iron deficiency anemia. The pathogenesis is likely multifactorial and is thought to be related to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with direct effect of drugs or its metabolites.

The high prevalence of aspirin and other NSAIDs use suggests that adverse effects on GIT are increasing and should increasing the clinical awareness of these adverse effect throughout the GI tract may reduce morbidity. Concomitant NSAID use, smoking, and alcohol use is a widely association.
Study of Neural Tube Defects at Al-Diwaniyah Province / Iraq
Authors: Wannas Abd Abdulaziz , Ali Ahmed Meethak , Jasim Mohammed Mahmood
Published: January 2024

Background: The Neural tube defects NTDs refers to defect ocurr at birth resulting from defect in  closure of the neural tube during early intra uterine life after conception; these anomalies  are usually divided into cephalic and spinal forms. They include three main type , anencephaly, spina bifida and encephalocele ,  These NTDs are considered important causes of morbidity and mortality in infancy, childhood, and even young adulthood .

Objective: The aim of study is to study the type and incidence of the neural tube defect and it is it is risk factors and other associated variable.

Methods :  This  descriptive  prospective study was carried on 120000 lived newborns from December 201 3 to December 2015 in al diwaniya teaching hospital , neurosurgical department and pediatrics hospital in al diwaniya province in south west Iraq ,the questionnaire include all the information's case were defined as women residing in the al diwaniya government , delivered live or still born with neural Tube defect . important feature related to the neonates and their parents like gender ,date of birth , type of neural tube defect ,father and mother age ,consanguineous marriage, drug take during pregnancy ,maternal diseases ,previous history of neural tube defect .

 

RESULTS : During a period of three years  2013-2015, there were  (120,768 total ) birth  ; the number of total births registered during the 3 years was 41761 in 2013, 39353 in 2014, and 39652 in 2015  . Among this sample population,112 women had fetus or newborn with NTD ( 1.078  per 1000birth ),  An encephaly  {3 (2.7%)} , spina bifida {103(92%)}, Encephalocele{6(5.3%)}  Meningocele {20(17.9%)},Meningomyelocele {76 (67.9%)}, myeloschiasis {7 (6.2%)},  The age of  112  women that her babies affected NTDs , 30(26.8%) had  16-25 years , 55 (49.1%) had  26-35  years while  27 (24.1%) had above 35 years .

Conclusion: This study showed that folate deficiency  are very important in reducing the NTDs occurrences consanguineous marriage is not important risk factor for NTDs.
The accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast diseases
Authors: Khudhair khaddim Raheem , Faris anoon Waleed , Abdshnein kadhem Ahmed
Published: January 2024

The study was  intended to evaluate the role of ultrasound as  diagnostic technique in the diagnosis of breast diseases, comparing it to the conventional and widely used technique    i.e  mammography,FNAC and histopathology.

THE breast diseases were divided according to their clinical and ultrasound criteria  into  simple cyst(10), galactocele(3), fibro adenoma  (64),  carcinoma (36),  duct ectasia (6),  abscess (3),  mammary dysplasia (25) , and undetermined cases (3).

All those patients were subjected for pathological confirmation by needle aspiration cytology in (80)  and/or excisional biopsy in 110 patients.Twelve patients refuse FNAC (18%). The age of the patients ranged from 15-80 years  with a mean of 40 years .One hundred and fourteen(76), patients had benign lesions and 36 cases of them (24%)  had  malignant lesions. For cystic lesions  like simple cyst, abscesses , and cystic changes of mammary dysplasia , the study shows  100% sensitivity , specificity and accuracy. For FNAC , the sensitivity , specificity, and accuracy were 91% 92% respectively. For carcinoma of the breast , thee sensitivity , specificity and accuracy were 86.7% , 91%. And 90% respectively ,which is less because of some overlap of the ultrasonic criteria of benign and malignant lesions.The sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of ultrasound is high, especially in benign lesions .  therefore ultrasound is an accurate , safe , and non-invasive technique for diagnosis of breast diseases in addition to be without danger of radiation, especially for young patients less than 35 years of age.
Causes of Antibacterial Resistance in Some of Enteropathogens Isolated from Colon Cancer Patients in Al-Dewaniyah Governorate.
Authors: K.Hassoon AL-Zeydi Abdul-Jabbar , M.Hamza AL-Hamdawee Akeel
Published: January 2024

Background:  Bacterial infections associated with multidrug resistance have been implicated in high mortality and morbidity reported among cancer patients.

Objective:To detect the  causes of  ?-lactamase  resistance  inEscherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. isolated from colon

Methods: Twenty -eight  stool samples from colon cancer patientssamples ,in addition to that, 25 samples were collected from control group (healthpersons). Samples  were labeled and transported to the laboratory in portable containerthenstreaked on MacConkey agar and incubated at 37?C for 24 hours under aerobic condition. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by the agar discs diffusion method. Results:  out of 28 samples from colon cancer patients, the results showed that 26 (92.8 %) of stool were positive for culture. The study revealed thatKlebsiellasp.and E. coli were the most common isolated species.        The results showed that the vast majority of isolates were found to be resistant to ß-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin and amoxicillin) .                  

Conclusion and Recommendation:All of the tested E. coli andKlebsiellaeisolates are multidrug resistant; therefore, such organisms represent a serious therapeutic challenge in cancer patients.
Clomiphene citrate or Letrozole as a first line treatment of anovulatory sub fertile polycystic ovarian syndrome women
Authors: Majeed Kareem Sarah , Neima Kazom Suhair
Published: January 2024

Background :  PCOS is associated with anovalation and a common cause of infertility affecting 4-6 % women in reproductive age , Clomiphene citrate has traditionally used as a drug of choice in treating women with anovulatory PCOS ,  in the last decade letrozole , an aromatase inhibitor has emerged as an alternative ovulation induction agent .

Objective :   to compare letrozole and clomiphene citrate as an ovulation induction drug in infertile PCOS women .

study design :  prospective study .

Patient and method :    PCOS women were treated randomly with 5mg letrozole or 100mg clomiphene citrate day 2 to day 6 menstrual cycle .

Main outcome : ovulation rate , mono or multi follicular rate , days to ovulation , endometrial thickness , serum estrogen and pregnancy rate .

Results: there is statistically significant LH and prolactin levels were significantly higher in Letrozole group but still within normal levels, and letrozole group was higher in number of responsive when compared with CC group but still not significant .

In letrozole group the number of monofollicle cycle was higher (69.57%) and multifollicles cycle was low (30.43%) when are comparing with that of CC group.

Conclusion:

Letrozole in patients with PCOS is as effective as Clomiphene citrate in inducing ovulation , ovulation rate and the incidence of pregnancy was higher with letrozole than that with Clomiphene citrate.

Apart from that, Letrozole treatment is prone to a production of monofollicles and hence leads to reduced incidences of the adverse pregnancy outcome of multiple fetuses as compared to treatment with Clomiphene citrate.

Aim of the study

This is prospective randomized central trial drugs study was carried out to compare the effects of 5mg of letrozole with 100mg CC as ovulation induction drug in treatment of sub fertile PCOS women.
Normas sobre violencia contra la mujer y miembros del núcleo familiar. Transgresión al principio de igualdad
Authors: Fuentes Águila Marily Rafaela , Ávila Urdaneta Juan Gerardo
Published: January 2024

La transgresión al principio de igualdad en las normas sobre violencia contra la mujer y miembros del núcleo familiar constituye uno de los temas más controvertidos en la práctica judicial. Los abogados ecuatorianos han criticado los procedimientos para la sustanciación de los hechos de violencia intrafamiliar, toda vez que, en el afán de erradicar la violencia de género contra las mujeres, se ha asumido un tratamiento jurídico desigual. Si bien es necesario sancionar por el delito cometido y ofrecer una respuesta ante los abusos contra las mujeres y la familia, cuando se comparan estas infracciones con un secuestro, homicidio o asesinato, es evidente que, en la realidad, se les priva a los supuestos infractores de derechos y garantías como la suspensión de la pena o los beneficios del régimen progresivo cuando existen hechos que no presentan la gravedad que se les atribuye. A través de una metodología cualitativa que utiliza el método documental, se tuvo como objetivo someter a crítica y reflexión el procedimiento de juzgamiento por delitos y contravenciones contra la mujer y miembros del grupo familiar, para lo cual se consultaron autores nacionales y extranjeros y, la legislación interna y de Derecho Internacional. Se denuncia con toda la claridad, la falta de igualdad procesal y sustantiva en contra de las personas procesadas por este tipo de infracciones en Ecuador.
BETTER EFFICIENCIES OF SOLAR AIR HEATERS ACHIEVED WITH DIFFERENT AIRFLOWS - A BRIEF REVIEW -
Authors: IFRIM VISARION-CATALIN , POP TEODOR
Published: January 2024

The use of solar air heater systems brings with it the convenience of having hot air at discretion for heating households with quite low prices compared to the use of conventional heating sources. The researchers desire to achieve the highest thermal efficiency of these systems has led to the emergence of different ways of improvement. The present work is focused on the available literature in the field of SAH systems made with different types of air flow. The paper also presents the different designs for the realization of airflow types used by researchers for high efficiency during the years 2017-2021.
A FUZZY LOGIC MODEL FOR HUMAN DISTRESS DETECTION
Authors: OGUNBIYI DIMPLE , OGUNDOYIN IBRAHIM , AKANBI CALEB
Published: January 2024

Distress occurs when a person is in anxiety or fear. Existing research in distress detection arising from physical attacks focused mainly on the use of machine learning techniques. To extend research efforts, this study proposes an alternate approach using fuzzy logic. Parameters to describe physically triggered distress were identified and used as input to the designed fuzzy model. Experiments were carried out using random samples of data values to test the behavior of the model. In all cases, the model was able to show outcomes that are expected and achieved high accuracy.
Neurofibromatosis tipo I. Etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors: Deloya-Ardón María Fernanda , García-Burgos Axel
Published: January 2024

La neurofibromatosis tipo I es una enfermedad neurodermatológica con herencia autosómico dominante, relacionada con el gen NF1.  Es considerada “una enfermedad genética, de herencia autosómica dominante, de alta penetrancia y expresividad variable” (Galán,  2014). Sus manifestaciones pueden ser numerosas y las afectaciones son mayoritariamente en piel, máculas cafés con leche, en el  sistema nervioso periférico y central (García, Cervini y Pierini, 2013), alteraciones en zona de la columna y lumbar. Su diagnóstico se  basa en las manifestaciones clínicas y en los estudios por imagen, por lo cual debe tener un enfoque multidisciplinario, con  especialistas en pediatría, ortopedia, dermatología y neurología, debido a las lesiones que engloba en los pacientes, por lo general  niños, en la función de la marcha y a nivel de la piel.
Tuberculosis extrapulmonar: más allá de un pulmón
Authors: Montoya-Rosales Alejandra , Salazar-Cepeda Cindy Paola
Published: January 2024

La tuberculosis extrapulmonar (TBEP) es una infección producida por bacilos del complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) en  cualquier localización fuera del pulmón, con mayor afectación pleural. Ésta suele ser asociada a enfermedades que inmunosuprimen al paciente. La sintomatología es inespecífica y depende del órgano que se encuentre afectado. Por consiguiente, es necesario el uso de  distintas herramientas para lograr un diagnóstico rápido y oportuno. Se recomienda utilizar el mismo régimen de antibióticos utilizados para el tratamiento de las formas pulmonares, con variaciones en su duración. De este modo, la adherencia a éste es  relevante para evitar la progresión de la enfermedad.
Ambiente, salud y territorios. Reflexiones en torno a la producción de conocimiento a partir de un estudio de caso
Authors: Manildo Luciana , Querejeta Giselle
Published: January 2024

El objeto de este trabajo es habilitar y/o profundizar debates referidos a la relación entre producción académica y sociedad, reflexionar sobre la construcción de objetos de estudio y sobre los procesos de investigación. Además, aportar elementos para la comprensión del rol que los procesos pedagógicos tienen en la formación y de la potencialidad extraordinaria del sistema educativo y del campo científico-técnico para favorecer, acompañar y estimular procesos de ciudadanización activa para la emancipación social. Estas reflexiones parten de la reafirmación del carácter político y colectivo de la producción de conocimiento, remiten a interrogar quiénes son los sujetos, cómo se produce y para qué. Por lo tanto, el estudio de caso es un recurso heurístico para desarrollar un ejercicio de interrogación sobre nuestra praxis como investigadores y como docentes, una invitación a subvertir las lógicas y los métodos convencionales en las que las relaciones entre ciencia y sociedad se constituyen.
El uso de las apps como herramienta de promoción en las empresas turísticas
Authors: Navarrete-Torres María del Carmen , García-Muñoz Aparicio Cecilia , &-Sánchez Rosado Olga Beatriz
Published: January 2024

El turista actual es un usuario que maneja la tecnología y que demanda numerosa información referente al lugar que visita. Desde hace muchos años, el turismo se promociona a través de múltiples medios, entre ellos las aplicaciones móviles, que están siendo la herramienta utilizada por el sector para dar a conocer su oferta a fin de optimizar las vivencias de los viajeros. El estudio se basó en una investigación documental descriptiva con un enfoque cualitativo, se consultaron fuentes secundarias para estudiar el fenómeno, en este caso las aplicaciones móviles turísticas con el objetivo de conocer los diferentes tipos utilizados por las organizaciones a través de una herramienta digital. Como conclusión, los negocios dedicados al sector utilizan las Apps para promocionar sus productos. Además de proporcionar información, asesoría, fomentar la afluencia de visitantes a diversos lugares atractivos y aumentar el gusto y el aprecio por los destinos que el viajero visita.
Relación de la estructura organizacional en un cambio organizacional en empresas comerciales de Guadalajara
Authors: Bellon-Álvarez Luis Alberto , López-Cerpa Francisco Javier , Islas-Villanueva Margarita Isabel
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo analiza el cambio organizacional desde la perspectiva de la Estructura Organizacional. La Metodología de esta investigación tiene 2 fases: 1.-Teórica, que investiga el marco teórico y 2.-Análisis empírico. Para conseguir la información, se hizo un cuestionario de preguntas cerradas de opciones. Se estudiaron empresas comerciales mipymes del Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara (AMG).Se usó un muestreo no probabilístico, aplicando el cuestionario al personal de empresas que tuvieron un cambio organizacional.El Objetivo General de la investigación es: Conocer qué factores relativos a la Estructura Organizativa tienen una injerencia en un cambio en organizaciones del sector comercio del AMG.Los Resultados muestran que la Estructura Organizacional es un factor muy importante; porque contribuye a implantar el cambio organizacional.En Conclusión, según la visión de la estructura organizacional los factores que favorecen un cambio organizacional son: liderazgo, aprendizaje en equipo, retroalimentación, coordinación de actividades y trabajo en equipo.
Análisis de la nueva reforma laboral en méxico
Authors: Ortiz-Guzmán Armando , Guerra-Rodríguez Pablo , Barragán-Codina José Nicolás
Published: January 2024

El 1º de mayo de 2019 fue publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el Decreto por el que se reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones de la Ley Federal del Trabajo, de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial de la Federación, de la Ley Federal de Defensoría Pública, de la Ley del Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores y la Ley del Seguro Social en materia de Justicia Laboral, Libertad Sindical y Negociación. La protección a la libertad sindical y la negociación colectiva constituyen los ejes rectores principales a esta reforma; se establecen las bases de operación para garantizar las representaciones sindicales, mediante el ejercicio del voto directo, libre y secreto, así como la participación de los trabajadores en la negociación colectiva, lo que se traduce en una transformación de las relaciones colectivas de trabajo. En esta investigación analizaremos las principales modificaciones a la Ley Federal del Trabajo en México 2019, en materia de: Justicia Laboral, Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo y Seguridad Social para los y las trabajadores(as) del hogar. Compartiremos y analizaremos opiniones de expertos en la materia, a fin de descubrir quienes salen beneficiados y quienes perjudicados con esta nueva Reforma Laboral.
Los Sistemas de Transferencia Tecnológica Implícitos
Authors: González-Moreno Cynthia Dinorah , Navarro-Alvarado Alberto , Marcial-Carrillo Ángel
Published: January 2024

La mayoría de los estudios referentes a transferencia tecnológica se centran en empresas de manufactura, sin embargo, existe un área importante para el desarrollo de investigación relativa a las empresas de servicios quienes, de acuerdo con los resultados de esta investigación, son proclives a generar asimilaciones tecnológicas más rápidamente, derivado principalmente, de procesos asociados a la gestión cognitiva. La gestión cognitiva se entiende como un proceso de asimilación interna de las organizaciones, no obstante, se reconoce que la mayoría del conocimiento que utilizan las empresas es generada por instituciones educativas de nivel superior, por lo que existen sistemas de transferencia tecnológica implícitos basados principalmente en transferencia cognitiva a través de diversos medios no formales o, al menos, no implicados en los modelos de transferencia tecnológica
Análisis comparativo de factores de productividad entre Japón y México para impulsar la Industria Automotriz Mexicana
Authors: Gastell-Piloto Loraine , Cruz-Álvarez Jesús Gerardo
Published: January 2024

En la actualidad existen 10 países líderes de la industria automotriz a nivel mundial las cuales producen 75.2 millones de vehículos automotores, esto representa el 78,68% del total. Los países que se encuentran en los primeros 5 países que lideran el top de los mayores productores automotrices a nivel mundial son China, Estados Unidos, Japón, India y Alemania. La industria automotriz fabrica 95.6 millones de vehículos automotores. La producción de México ha aumentado en un 152% del año 1999 al 2018. En los últimos 11 años México ha formado parte del grupo élite de los primeros 10 países productores automotrices a nivel mundial y aunque ha avanzado posiciones en la tabla de productores mundiales logró llegar al número 6, pero no ha logrado colocarse entre los primeros 5. Esta investigación estará dirigida a realizar una comparación entre factores de productividad relevantes de Japón y México.
Competencias digitales para las nuevas formas de trabajo: nociones, términos y aplicaciones
Authors: Montaudon-Tomas Cynthia , Pinto-López Ingrid , Yáñez-Moneda Alicia
Published: January 2024

Esta investigación se centra en el estudio de las competencias digitales necesarias en las nuevas formas de trabajo. Para ello, se presentan los cambios tecnológicos que han afectado la naturaleza del trabajo, especialmente la digitalización resultado de la Industria 4.0. Se definen y describen las nuevas condiciones de trabajo y se presentan las nociones, términos y aplicaciones asociadas a estos cambios en el entorno laboral, para posteriormente mostrar las competencias digitales necesarias para la empleabilidad. La investigación es de tipo documental, siendo el objetivo central la descripción de las competencias digitales en las nuevas formas de trabajo.
Análisis del Clima Organizacional para el desarrollo de los trabajadores de una Institución de Educación Superior de la Región Centro de Coahuila.
Authors: Salas-Torres Luis Horacio , Gutiérrez-González Leonor , Pérez-Garza Cesar Emmanuel
Published: January 2024

Esta investigación tiene por objeto analizar el clima laboral y el impacto en el desarrollo de los trabajadores de una IESRCC, a través de docentes, administrativos y manuales y determinar si el desempeño es el idóneo al desarrollo del entorno organizacional. El Estudio se realizó en una Institución y se aplicó una metodología de diagnóstico mixta para obtener esta información una muestra con un total de 61 casos observados de una población de 70 trabajadores para medir el clima organizacional, este se conformó con seis conjuntos de items agrupados en 35 variables organizacionales, además de 2 variables de informacion personal. De la información obtenida se determina que las variables satisfacción, comunicación, Motivación y Trabajo en equipo. Los instrumentos aplicados, se autentifico a través de la metodología estadística de Alfa de Cronbach que obtuvo un (valor de 0.914), por lo que se considera adecuado su aplicación.
Ley Fintech y la regulación para Criptomoneda Bitcoin
Authors: Ordóñez-Sánchez Sergio Gabriel , Hernández-Barrera Gerardo , Sánchez-Ruanova Salvador
Published: January 2024

Los retos que enfrenta la economía mundial respecto al control de las criptomonedas son cada día más exigentes. Tratar de controlar el uso, compra o venta de estos activos virtuales, se ha convertido en estos días un tema de discusión, generando incertidumbre en la forma del tratamiento fiscal apegados a las diferentes legislaciones vigentes, entre ellas la Ley Fintech, que, en sus 115 artículos, incluye conceptos y regulaciones para personas morales que comercializan estas criptomonedas (Exchange). A través de la exploración e interpretación de leyes, esta investigación tiene por objetivo determinar el registro contable y el proceso correcto para el cálculo de impuesto por manejo de criptomonedas.
Explicación e Implementación del término gamificación en las aulas de los grupos de la carrera de administración de la Facultad de Contaduría Pública y Administración Campus Cadereyta
Authors: Carrión-Garcia Flor Elizabeth , Lugo-De Los Santos Janneth Guadalupe , Saldaña-Fermín Samaria Dalila
Published: January 2024

Actualmente la sociedad exige nuevas formas de aprendizaje debido a las características propias de las nuevas generaciones. El presente trabajo de investigación muestra la importancia de la implementación de la gamificación en las aulas del nivel superior, específicamente en las aulas de la Facultad de contaduría pública y administración, Campus Cadereyta, en las carreras de Contador público y Licenciado en administración. La gamificación es una técnica que consiste en impartir catedra a través de los juegos y su objetivo principal es aprender jugando. En este trabajo de investigación se lleva a cabo mediante una encuesta aplicada a un grupo de alumnos de la Facultad de contaduría pública y administración, Campus Cadereyta, en las carreras de Contador público y Licenciado en administración, además de la aplicación de una encuesta hecha únicamente a los docentes de las unidades de aprendizaje de los grupos de alumnos encuestados. Con los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación de ambas encuestas se llegan a ciertas conclusiones y además se agregan al final del presente trabajo de investigación una serie de recomendaciones para la implementación del proceso de gamificación.
Tecnologías 4.0 empleadas en industrias del área metropolitana de Monterrey
Authors: Leal-Rendón Nury Margarita , Martínez-Mercado María de los Ángeles , Bacre-Guzmán Daniela del Carmen
Published: January 2024

Las empresas hoy en día están evolucionando a la Cuarta Revolución Industrial. La presente investigación describe las principales tecnologías que emplea la industria 4.0. Y se analiza cuáles son las de mayor empleabilidad y en que tecnologías las empresas del área metropolitana de Monterrey Nuevo León México están dispuestas a invertir ya que consideran que desempeñan un papel fundamental en su avance tecnológico.
En torno al patio
Authors: Monteverde Galo
Published: January 2024

Propuesta finalista en el concurso de anteproyectos “La Casona de las Artes”, organizado por la Facultad de Artes de la Universidad Central del Ecuador para intervenir su edificación ubicada en el barrio La Tola en el centro de Quito, con un programa que buscó integrar las artes plásticas, escénicas y musicales junto a diversas actividades de la comunidad y el barrio.
Application of the results of three-dimensional hydro-geomechanical modeling to determine the azimuths of hydraulic fractures
Authors: Vorobyeva G.N. , Ostapchuk S.S. , Rybakov R.A. , Kosmacheva M.S.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of determining the spatial orientation of the hydraulic fracture for hydrodynamic modeling. As a rule, the choice of the fracture strike azimuth is based on data obtained from the interpretation results of cross-dipole acoustic logging recorded for monitoring the fracturing operation. Due to changes in reservoir pressure, the expected and actual directions of the created fracture may differ, which must be taken into account when adapting and predicting the field development indices on the hydrodynamic model. The purpose of the paper is to calculate the influence of reservoir pressure on the fracture azimuth and, accordingly, on the field development indicators by constructing a combined hydro-geomechanical model that can later be used to select the optimal strategy for producing reserves. The reservoirs stressed state change, caused by the increase or decrease in reservoir pressure, is considered by the case of an oil reservoir located in the Orenburg region. Constructed geomechanical model of the selected sector includes the cubes of reservoir stresses at the initial date, the mechanical properties of the rock and faults in the productive formation. The dependence of the values of the angle on the formation pressure is constructed and the prediction calculations are carried out on the hydrodynamic model. The validity of the direction calculation is assessed by comparison with actual microimager data. As a result of work for the selected sector of the field, a hydro-geomechanical model is constructed, which makes it possible to obtain a forecast for the development of the hydraulic fracturing during the reservoir development.