bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Characterization of An HER2-enriched Canine Mammary Cancerous Myoepithelial Cell Line with Stem Cell Properties
Authors: Chen Aolei , Ye Shaotang , Zheng Jiahui , Li Jichao , Chen Zejia , Zhang Yashan , Li Shoujun
Published: March 2022

Background
Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) have a poor prognosis, along with tumor recurrence and metastasis. Cell lines and organoids are vital in vitro models for CMT research. Although anti-HER2 therapy improves the patients’ outcome, anti-HER2 drug resistance is still a big challenge and yet no canine HER2-enriched cell line has been established. This study aimed at establishing such a novel canine mammary cell line. CMT-1 cell line was obtained from clinical tumor CMT-1 and characterized molecularly through qPCR, western blotting, immunochemistry, immunofluorescence. Its doubling time, migration rate and stemness were evaluated using growth study, wound healing assay and 3D cultures respectively. To determine its tumorigenesis, xenograft transplantation was performed.
Results
CMT-1 is a mixed canine mammary carcinoma that stains negative for estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), but positive for human epidermal growth receptor-2 (HER2), defined as HER2-enriched subtype. In this study, a CMT-1 cell line obtained from CMT-1 tumor was confirmed as myoepithelial cells and was successfully cultured for more than 50 passages showing the same immunoreactivity to ER, PR, and HER2. The doubling time of CMT-1 cell line was 26.67 h. A spontaneous epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) was noticed during cell cultures. EMT-induced CMT-1 cells showed a faster migration rate compared to the original CMT-1 cells, but no significance was detected. CMT-1 cells grew on a 3D culture and formed grape-like, solid, and cystic mammosphere at different stages, indicating CMT-1 cell line has stem cell property. Inoculation of CMT-1 cells induced a mixed HER2-enriched mammary tumor with metastasis in mice.
Conclusions
A canine cancerous HER2-enriched myoepithelial cell line was successfully established and the first canine mammosphere was documented in this study. We are expecting this novel cell line and mammosphere could be used as a model for CMT tumorigenesis and new anti-HER2 drug screening in the future.
Thyroid Hormone Receptor β1 Suppresses Atypical Meningioma Proliferation in Vitro
Authors: zhang shen , Zhou Feihui , Pei Jingchun , Zhang Xinkui , Liu Chang , Li Zhigao , Mu Linjie , Wang Congqian , Liu Yue , Tang Zhiwei
Published: March 2022

Objective
To study the role of TRβ1 in atypical meningioma.
Methods
Forty-four meningioma specimens were collected, including 38 cases of WHO grade I and 6 cases of WHO grade II. The Ki67 index and TRβ1 mRNA level were detected in 44 cases. TRβ1 protein expression was evaluated in the meningiomas by IHC and Western blot analysis. Primary meningioma cells were cultured and identified with EMA and vimentin antibodies. Cell proliferation was evaluated using MTT, EdU and SRB assays. siRNA was used to silence TRβ1 expression. Western blotting assays were employed to detect p-ERK expression.
Results
There was a negative correlation between TRβ1 mRNA and the Ki67 index in meningioma tissues. The expression of TRβ1 protein in atypical meningiomas was lower than that in benign meningiomas (p < 0.05). T3 suppressed meningioma cell proliferation and cell survival in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that T3 significantly inhibited p-ERK protein expression (p < 0.05). Furthermore, TRβ1 knockdown almost completely rescued the T3-induced suppression of meningioma cell proliferation and partially rescued the T3-induced ERK activation.
Conclusion
Our study is the first to report that TRβ1 suppresses atypical meningioma cell proliferation by attenuating ERK phosphorylation.
Smooth muscle cell Piezo1 modulates small bowel contractility
Authors: Bautista Geoanna , Du Yingjie , Martin Nicolle , Matthews Michael , Nguyen Nam Phuong , Tokhtaeva Elmira , Solorzano-Vargas R. , Lewis Michael , Stelzner Matthias , He Ximin , Dunn James , Martin Martin
Published: March 2022

Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive cation channel expressed in the intestine's smooth muscle cells (SMCs), where its role has not been investigated. We used diverse methods to determine whether Piezo1 in murine SMCs is required to mediate myogenic contractility at rest and following stretch. Using an inducible system to deplete Piezo1 from SMCs led to impaired growth and delayed motility. The Piezo1 deficient SMCs had decreased contractile strength that was asynchronous, dysrhythmic, and less frequent compared to control samples at baseline and following stretch. Moreover, ablation of SMC Piezo1 led to thinning of the muscularis, changes in the cellular composition of the epithelial layer, and a decline in pacemaker cells within the muscularis, among other changes. Our data suggest that Piezo1 in the SMCs of the small bowel is required for modulating myogenic contractile strength and rhythmicity and maintaining cell types needed to promote motility.
Surface roughness prediction and optimization in the REMF process using an integrated DBN-GA approach
Authors: Lee Junghee - , Seo Yun-Su - , Kwak Jae-Seob
Published: March 2022

Surface roughness is a crucial factor affecting the surface quality of workpieces in the manufacturing industries. Thus, it is important to provide an accurate performance of surface roughness prediction and optimal parameters to reduce the burden of time and costs during the process. In this study, two predict models, namely multiple linear regression and deep belief network(DBN) models, were performed to accurately predict change in surface roughness in the rotational-electro magnetic finishing(REMF). Compared to the statistical-based model, the data-driven model based on the DBN architecture was a significantly considerable effect on surface roughness prediction in the REMF process. Among the considered DBN models, DBN5 architecture as [7, 14, 14, 1] showed effective features of the non-linear relationship between process parameters and response with the highest determination coefficient(R2) of 0.9340 and the lowest mean squared error(MSE) of 1.3037\(\times\)10-3 in the testing datasets. In addition, a genetic algorithm(GA) as a heuristic optimization technique was adopted to optimize the input parameters of the best derived DBN model. As a result, it proved that the DBN model integrated GA was able to be adopted for the accurate prediction of surface roughness and process optimization.
Decoding Motor Imagery of three-dimensional Random Movements Using Electrocorticographic Signals in Acute Training Setting
Authors: Chung Chun Kee , Yang Yu Jin , Ryun Seokyun , Kim June Sic
Published: March 2022

Background: Decoding movement-related signals from widespread brain areas may be advantageous given that diverse brain areas are activated for complex movements and imagined movements. Electrocorticography (ECoG) is a beneficial option in that it covers wide brain areas with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we used ECoG to decode human reach-and-grasp movements and imagined movements. Method: Twenty-two epileptic patients with intracranial electrodes were asked to execute and imagine reach-and-grasp movements toward random targets with training periods of 8.2± 3.4 days. A multiple linear regression algorithm was used to estimate the offline prediction of the movement and imagined movement trajectories.Result: The three-dimensional reaching trajectories were decoded in motor execution (ME) and motor imagery (MI) tasks. The mean correlation coefficients for the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis were correspondingly 0.5, 0.53, and 0.51 for the ME and 0.37, 0.19, and 0.28 for the MI. Conclusion: MI could be decoded in subjects who were acutely trained with acceptable performance when given a random target presentation task. ECoG brain-machine interface (BMI) given its wide coverage may be practical for decoding movements with multiple degrees of freedom in humans.
A Novel Potentially Toxic Cyanobacterial Species From the Genus Desmonostoc, Desmonostoc Alborizicum sp. nov., Iisolated From a Water Supply System of IranA
Authors: Nowruzi Bahareh , Becerra-Absalón Itzel
Published: March 2022

A cyanobacterial mat colonizing the wall of a qanat was found to be responsible for damages affecting the passage of water through the water supply system in Golestan province, Gorgan city, Iran. A qanat or kariz is a slightly sloping underground aqueduct used to transport water from water wells or aquifers to the surface for irrigation and drinking supply. A cyanobacterial strain was isolated from the mat and grown in BG11 liquid medium. Fragments of 16S rRNA, mcyG and mcyD genes were amplified and sequenced, as well as the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS), from which secondary structures were analyzed. The obtained molecular data, together with morphological and physiological observations, were used to describe the new organism. The isolate was related to a morphotype of Nostoc sensu lato group, with similar characteristics of Desmonostoc, after microscopic inspections. The 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis placed the isolate into the typical cluster of the recently proposed genus Desmonostoc. Morphological analysis revealed distinctive characteristic and secondary structures of 16S–23S rRNA (D1-D1´ and Box-B regions) derived from comparative analysis, which did not match known species of Desmonostoc. These results lead us to propose a novel Desmonostoc species, Desmonostoc alborizicum, which was described and compared with similar taxa. Furthermore, for the first time a potential toxic species of Desmonostoc was isolated from water supply, since the mcyD and mcyG genes of microcystin synthetase (mcy) cluster was successfully sequenced. The presence of the microcystin was confirmed by chemical analyses that also lead to the discovery of numerous other cyanobacterial secondary metabolites. We recognized substantial amounts of the potent microcystin variant microcystin-LR present in cell extracts of the Desmonostoc strain. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of diversity, systematics, and occurrence of Desmonostoc genus.
An Antioxidative Sophora Exosomes Encapsulated Hydrogel Promotes Spinal Cord Repair by Regulating Oxidative Stress Microenvironment
Authors: Chen Jiachen , Wu Jiahe , Mu Jiafu , Li Liming , Hu Jingyi , Cao Jian , Gao Jianqing , Lin Hangjuan
Published: March 2022

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is recognized as a severe traumatic disease because of its complications and multiorgan dysfunction. After the injury, microenvironment stability disruption in the lesion will rapidly demolish the surrounding healthy tissues and cells via various pathways. Regulating the microenvironment is an effective strategy to mitigate the rigorous condition, which is beneficial for subsequent neural restoration and functional recovery. Nevertheless, sustained release, cellular uptake, and long-term retention in the impaired site of therapeutic molecules are insufficient.Results: Herein, a local-implantation system is constructed for SCI treatment by encapsulating exosomes derived from Flos Sophorae Immaturus (so-exos) in a polydopamine (pDA) modified hydrogel (pDA-Gel). So-exos are applied as nano-scale natural vehicles of rutin, a flavonoid phytochemical that has been confirmed effective in microenvironment mitigation and nerve regeneration. pDA-Gel not only enables the long-term retention and sustainable release of so-exos in the lesion but also offers a nutritional and suitable microenvironment for nerve regeneration at the same time.Conclusion: The pDA-Gel encapsulating so-exos exhibits rapid restoration of the nervous system and preservation of downstream urinary system by modulating the inflammatory and oxidative condition. The oxidative sophora exosome encapsulated hydrogel exhibits a potential SCI treatment via plant exosomes combinational delivery.
Crater wear prediction in turning Ti6Al4V considering cutting temperature effect
Authors: Zhuang Kejia , Li Ming , Lin Fengtian , Hu Cheng , Weng Jian , Gao Zhongmei , Wu Chaoqun
Published: March 2022

Tool wear has great impacts on tool life and cutting parameter selection in the machining process. As ceramic inserts are widely employed in efficient machining, it is of great significance to predict accurately the wear of ceramic tools. Crater wear is one of the most significant tool wear modes when turning difficult-to-cut materials at high speeds. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the forming and influence mechanisms of crater wear in Ti6Al4V turning with ceramic inserts while considering cutting temperature at the tool-chip interface. An effort is made to describe quantitatively the appearance of crater wear from the perspective of temperature distribution based on crater wear experiments under various cutting conditions. In order to obtain the cutting temperature distribution efficiently, an analytical temperature prediction model is used in this paper. Then a prediction model for crater wear depth and width considering the influence of the maximum temperature is developed. The maximum crater wear depth and width models are validated by a series of cutting experiments, and the outcomes prove that the proposed models are practical. Additionally, the influence of various cutting parameters on crater wear is discussed. The cutting speed has the greatest impact on crater wear, followed by the feed rate. Furthermore, this research can be used to improve cutting parameters for controlling crater wear.
Pediatric Critical Illness in Wisconsin during the Epoch of COVID-19 in 2020
Authors: Godsey Claire , Gabor Rachel , Oelstrom Matthew J. , Hagen Scott , Peterson Jennifer , Taylor John , Mikhailov Theresa
Published: March 2022

Background
We perceived profound changes in the frequency of and reasons for admissions to pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) during the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wisconsin, and we hypothesized that the rates of total, scheduled, and respiratory viral admissions were lower during the first year of the pandemic than would have been predicted by historical admission data. We also hypothesized that the rates of other categories of PICU admissions were different than would have been predicted by historical data, reflecting broad changes in PICU utilization paradigms during the pandemic.
Methods
Using mean weekly admission rates with standard deviations and rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals, we compared all Wisconsin PICU admissions during the pandemic epoch in 2020 (COVID-2020) to admissions in seasonally-matched, growth-adjusted “no-COVID” forecasts generated by time series modeling from all Wisconsin PICU admissions in the previous 5 years.
Results
We studied 27,425 admissions with 294,577 associated diagnoses including 104 admissions associated with a COVID-19 diagnosis (4.3% of admissions in COVID-2020). Total admissions were 60 ± 9 week− 1 in COVID-2020 vs. 103 ± 4 forecasted, RR 0.63 (95% CI: 0.59–0.68), p < 0.001. Scheduled admissions were 17 ± 6 week− 1 in COVID-2020 vs. 28 ± 3 forecasted, RR 0.61 (95% CI: 0.55–0.67), p < 0.001. And respiratory viral admissions were 8 ± 5 week− 1 in COVID-2020 vs. 19 ± 9 forecasted, RR 0.40 (95% CI: 0.33–0.48), p < 0.001. Some admission categories experienced dramatic declines (e.g., respiratory/ENT) while others experienced less decline (e.g., injury/poisoning/adverse effects) or no significant change (e.g., diabetic ketoacidosis). While admission categories demonstrated variability in rate decline during COVID-2020, no category had significantly increased weekly admissions.
Conclusions
We quantify and describe the extent of PICU admission decline in the first year of COVID in Wisconsin, so informing health care staffing and service planning, decisions regarding pandemic mitigation, and other strategies to combat the evolving pandemic. Total, scheduled, and respiratory viral admissions declined by 37, 39, and 60%, respectively. About half the reduction in total admissions was from easily-predictable categories such as scheduled and respiratory viral admissions.
The psychological and subjective experience of catatonia
Authors: Zingela Zukiswa
Published: March 2022

Background
Catatonia is a severe psychomotor disorder that presents as abnormality of movement which may also be excessive or severely slowed. It often inhibits communication when protracted or severe. In this study we investigated the emotive and cognitive experience of patients with catatonia during a prevalence study in an acute mental health unit from August 2020 to September 2021.
Methods
Ethical approval was received from the Nelson Mandela University Human Research Committee and convenience sampling was undertaken to recruit participants, four to eight weeks after discharge, following admission for a catatonic episode. Participants were requested to describe their thoughts, feelings and behaviours during the catatonic episode, in their own words.
Results
Forty-four (18.3%) of 241 participants had catatonia. Thirty (68.2%) of the 44 participants with catatonia provided data on their experience during the catatonic episode. The dominant themes of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors centered around yearning for or missing loved ones, heightened fear, intense anxiety, negative affect, aggression, obedience and withdrawal.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that catatonia mirrors the fight, flight, freeze and fawn reaction induced by extreme fear, anxiety or distress. Suggested psychological interventions include supportive, behavioural and cognitive behavioural strategies.
Trial registration:
Not applicable
Genome-wide analysis of Milk vetch dwarf virus and related alphasatellites from garlic and aphid isolates from Shandong Province, China
Authors: Zhu Xiaoping , Sun Xiaohui , Xiao Li , Cheng Chao , Shi Zhaopeng , Sun Zuowen , Ma Yongli
Published: March 2022

In 2019 and 2020, symptoms of dwarfing, yellowing, and reddening were observed in garlic in the open fields of Shandong Province, China. Milk vetch dwarf virus (MDV) was detected from aphids and symptomatic garlic plants using polymerase chain reaction analysis. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that garlic is the natural host of MDV using the aphid transmission test. Rolling circle amplification was combined with specific primers to amplify the complete genomes of MDV and its related alphasatellites. In this study, the complete genome sequences of MDV and related alphasatellites were amplified from the garlic and aphid samples for the first time.
Effect of BNT162b2 booster dose on anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike trimeric IgG antibodies in seronegative individuals
Authors: Salvagno Gian Luca , Henry Brandon M. , Pighi Laura , De Nitto Simone , Gianfilippi Gianluca , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: March 2022

Background: We provide here an updated analysis of an ongoing serosurveillance study, presenting data on the effect of a third dose of Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine on serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies.Methods: We tested baseline SARS-CoV-2 seronegative healthcare workers undergoing primary vaccination with the mRNA-based COVID-19 Comirnaty vaccine, followed by administration of homologous vaccine booster (third dose). Venous blood was collected before either dose of primary vaccination, at 1, 3 and 6 months afterwards, as well as before and 1 month after receiving the booster. The serum concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike trimeric IgG was assayed with DiaSorin Trimeric spike IgG immunoassay.Results: The final study population included 53 SARS-CoV-2 seronegative healthcare workers (median age 46 years; 60% females). A first peak of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike trimeric IgG values was reached 1 month after completing primary vaccination, after which the levels gradually declined until before receiving the vaccine booster. A second peak of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike trimeric IgG concentration was observed 1 month after receiving the vaccine booster dose (8700 kBAU/L), which was 39-fold higher than before receiving the vaccine booster (221 kBAU/L; p<0.001), but was also nearly 3-fold higher compared to values seen at the first peak (2990 kBAU/L; p<0.001). The rate of subjects with protective anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike trimeric IgG values (i.e., >264 kBUA/L) increased from 47.2% to 100% after 1 month from vaccine booster.Conclusion: These results support current policies fostering COVID-19 vaccine boosters to reinforce humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
Utilization of Family Planning and Volunteer Counseling and Testing Service and Associated Factors among Preparatory School Students in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross- Sectional Study Design
Authors: Sisay Gizaw , Mata Melaku , Girma Meseret , Girma Zeleke , Desalegn Sewitmariam , Wolde Fitsum
Published: March 2022

Background: The utilization of reproductive health service plays significant role in preventing youths from different reproductive related health problems. Adolescents in Ethiopia have inadequate access to information and services.Objective: To assess utilization of family planning and volunteer counseling and testing service and associated factors among preparatory school students in Arba Minch Town. Method: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 522 regular preparatory students in Arba Minch Town from December 01-30/2019. Data was entered and clean into Epidata-4.6 templates then transferred to SPSS-25 statistical software for analysis. A bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify statistically significant variables of the independent variable. Variables with P-value <0.05, CI 95% in the final model were considered significant determinant variables. Result: Out of those who had sexual intercourse 78.6% and 29.3% of them used family planning and voluntary counseling and testing service, respectively. Sexual intercourse experienced adolescents were 8.24 times more likely utilized F/P service than their counterparts (AOR=8.236, 95% CI: 6.18-15.76). The study participants living with both parents were about 1.6 times (AOR=1.645, CI: 1.077-2.513 more likely to use voluntary counseling and testing service compared to those who living with others. Conclusions and Recommendations: Based on this finding majority (more than three fourth) of adolescents used family planning, but voluntary counseling and testing service utilization were low. The reasons for not utilizing family planning and voluntary counseling and testing service were felt ashamed from friends and unfriendly approach of health workers during service provision. So, we can recommend that encourage adolescents open discussion about reproductive health service utilization with different peoples, open discussion within couples and encourage to increase female education are important steps to improve adolescent’s reproductive service utilization.
Studying and mitigating the effects of data drifts on ML model performance at the example of chemical toxicity data
Authors: Morger Andrea , de Lomana Marina Garcia , Norinder Ulf , Svensson Fredrik , Kirchmair Johannes , Mathea Miriam , Volkamer Andrea
Published: March 2022

Machine learning models are widely applied to predict molecular properties or the biological activity of small molecules on a specific protein. Models can be integrated in a conformal prediction (CP) framework which adds a calibration step to estimate the confidence of the predictions. CP models present the advantage of ensuring a predefined error rate under the assumption that test and calibration set are exchangeable. In cases where the test data have drifted away from the descriptor space of the training data, or where assay setups have changed, this assumption might not be fulfilled and the models are not guaranteed to be valid. In this study, the performance of internally valid CP models when applied to either newer time-split data or to external data was evaluated. In detail, temporal data drifts were analysed based on twelve datasets from the ChEMBL database. In addition, discrepancies between models trained on publicly available data and applied to proprietary data for the liver toxicity and MNT in vivo endpoints were investigated. In most cases, a drastic decrease in the validity of the models was observed when applied to the time-split or external (holdout) test sets. To overcome the decrease in model validity, a strategy for updating the calibration set with data more similar to the holdout set was investigated. Updating the calibration set generally improved the validity, restoring it completely to its expected value in many cases. The restored validity is the first requisite for applying the CP models with confidence. However, the increased validity comes at the cost of a decrease in model efficiency, as more predictions are identified as inconclusive. This study presents a strategy to recalibrate CP models to mitigate the effects of data drifts. Updating the calibration sets without having to retrain the model has proven to be a useful approach to restore the validity of most models.
Die "Tonbandaufnahmen der deutschen Mundarten" im Kontext der (niederdeutschen) Dialektologie der DDR
Authors: Ehlers Klaas-Hinrich
Published: March 2022

Der Beitrag rekonstruiert die Geschichte des Korpus "Deutsche Mundarten: DDR" von den ersten Planungen der Tonaufnahmen am Beginn der 1950er Jahre über ihre Durchführung und Aufbereitung bis hin zur Rezeption in der Sprachwissenschaft der DDR und der BRD. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf das Verhältnis der DDR-Aufnahmen zum impulsgebenden Parallelprojekt Zwirners gelegt. Am Schicksal des Korpus wird überdies nachgezeichnet, wie sich die Dialektologie in der DDR unter politischem Druck in die Richtung einer modernen Regionalsprachenforschung entwickelte. Quellengrundlage der Korpusgeschichte sind Archivbestände der ehemaligen Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Akten zur Förderung Eberhard Zwirners durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft sowie zeitgenössische und neuere linguistische Publikationen, die mit dem Aufnahmekorpus gearbeitet haben.
Transferable competencies of HR manager under global socio-economic changes
Authors: Kolot Anatoliy , Lopushniak Halyna , Kravchuk Oksana , Varis Iryna , Ryabokon Ivan
Published: March 2022

Accelerated digitalization, uncertainty, rapidly changing work environment, and the spread of remote employment due to quarantine restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have led to differentiated requirements for HR managers in different sectors of the economy and the need to get quickly adjusted to new working conditions. This implies an increased importance of transferable competencies for HR managers, especially in advancing their flexibility and expanding employment opportunities. That is why the study aims to develop a universal model of transferable competencies of HR managers based on the analysis of global and local trends in demand on the labor market. Furthermore, a methodological approach is used to assess these trends based on behavioral indicators in rapidly changing conditions. The paper used a comparative analysis of the international experience in forming HR competencies and trends in demand on the Ukrainian labor market. The findings highlight the current transferable competencies of HR managers. They included the abilities to communicate effectively, use digital technologies confidently, work in multitasking mode, manage people and projects, effective self-management, and work in a team. The developed model of transferable competencies of HR managers and methodical approach to their assessment based on behavioral indicators provide an opportunity to diagnose the level of their development for effective work of HR managers in a distant mode, opportunities for trans-professionalism, and career growth.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE FILM FORMED ON THE PRATO CHEESE SURFACE DURING THE NaCl AND KCl SALTING PROCESS: APPLICATION OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND NEURAL NETWORKS OF THE SELF-ORGANIZING MAP (SOM) AND MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON (MLP) TYPES
Authors: Borsato Dionisio , Silva Hágata , Mantovani Ana , Clemente Marco , Oliveira Talita , Angilelli Karina
Published: March 2022

Sodium chloride is used in the cheese salting process as it promotes sensory changes and food preservation. However, in excess can cause hypertension problems, and for this reason, it has been partially replaced by potassium chloride. In the present work, Prato cheese was subjected to joint diffusion of NaCl and KCl by immersion in static and stirred brine. The salt concentration values on the cheese surface were determined as a function of time. They were tabulated and presented to the self-organizing map (SOM)-type neural networks and the multilayer perceptron (MLP) for analysis and modeling of the film formed on the surface of the cheese during static and dynamic salting. The SOM network showed that the behavior of the diffusive process, on the surface of the cheese, depends on the analyzed position and that the points in which occupy similar positions, concerning the distance from the edge, have similar behavior. Regression models for NaCl and KCl were significant at the 5% level and can be used for predictive purposes.
MICROPLÁSTICOS: USO NA INDÚSTRIA COSMÉTICA E IMPACTOS NO AMBIENTE AQUÁTICO
Authors: Vargas Julia , Silvaa Vinicius , Oliveira Lílian , Molina Eduardo
Published: March 2022

MICROPLASTICS: APPLICATIONS IN THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY AND IMPACTS ON THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT. Environmental pollution from plastics and microplastics is currently one of the most relevant issues of the scientific community and cosmetic industry. In particular, microplastics are referred to as small pieces of plastic less than five millimeters (<5mm) and do not dissolve in water, can be harmful to the ocean and aquatic life. Microplastics can be designated as i) primary - particles that are intentionally developed as micro sized plastic particles used in cosmetic formulations like microbeads, and ii) secondary microplastics - stem from all kinds of plastic material debris result of decomposition caused by UV radiation, mechanical stress (ocean waves) and wind action. This article gives an overview about plastics/microplastics, that are mainly used in personal care products and cosmetic. Moreover, we attempt to demonstrated some of the major problems that microplastics based materials can cause in the aquatic life leading to a human health concern. In this context, the interaction between microplastic-contaminants and possible effects in the environment or organisms was explore based on the literature analysis.
Evaluation of the Structural Integrity of Layered Double Hydroxides and Mesoporous Silica During the Preparation of Heterostructures
Authors: Bianconi Lister , Taviot-Gueho Christine , Constantino Vera Regina , Bizeto Marcos Augusto
Published: March 2022

Heterostructures constructed with mesoporous silica and layered double hydroxides are interesting for catalytic and drug delivery applications. Different arrangements between these phases are possible. In this study, we prepared heterostructures by embedding layered double hydroxides phases [M4Al2(OH)12](CO3) (M = Mg2+ or Zn2+) within the MCM41 mesoporous silica type phase. According to our results, the most critical step of this preparation is the removal of the organic template used to create the mesopores in the silica phase, which can be done by calcination or extraction with solvent, normally a mixture of ethanol and a mineral acid. The results reported in this study demonstrate that both can cause structural changes in the components of the heterostructure at different extensions. Calcination promoted the collapse of the layered hydroxide phases. Attempts made for their reconstruction through rehydration, which is a quite known process, were not completely effective and also dependent on the chemical composition of the layered phase. The complete template removal with preservation of the layered phases was possible using the extraction method but by replacing the mineral acid with NH4Cl. However, some discrete structural changes were identified possibly due to a partial lixiviation of Al3+ from the double hydroxide layers.
Manual de ciencia ciudadana: primeros pasos para actuar frente al cambio climático y la salud
Authors: Álvarez Miño Lídice , Taboada Montoya Robinson
Published: March 2022

El presente manual ha sido creado a partir de las reflexiones generadas con los participantes en el proyecto Cambio climático y su relación con salud: diseño de una estrategia para la Universidad del Magdalena dentro del enfoque de ciencia ciudadana. El enfoque se centra en reconocer al usuario/lector del manual como un ciudadano potencialmente científico, por lo tanto, invita a utilizar las herramientas propuestas para que se anime, desde donde esté, a generar procesos de conocimiento local que ayude a buscar soluciones acordes con entornos específicos. La estructura del documento en tres capítulos, cambio climático, salud y cambio climático y ciencia ciudadana, facilita al lector avanzar paso a paso y de forma segura en un proceso que parte de la construcción teórica y termina en la práctica. Es decir, se parte de la premisa de que no existe mejor práctica que una buena teoría. En ese sentido, la teoría, como abstracción de la realidad, se basa en elaborar definiciones a partir de lo que hoy en día se sabe y se conoce para terminar orientando el quehacer. Un quehacer centrado en la ciencia para producir conocimientos locales que aporten a resolver el impacto del cambio climático en la salud de todos.
Association of the Liver and Spleen Signal Intensity on MRI with Anemia
in Gynecological Cancer
Authors: Li Hang , Chen Xiao-Li , Chen Guang-Wen , Zhou Peng
Published: March 2022

Objective:

This study investigates the association of the liver and spleen signal intensity on
MRI with anemia in patients with gynecologic cancer.

Methods:

332 patients with gynecological cancer and 78 healthy women underwent MRI examination.
Liver and spleen MRI parameters and laboratory tests were obtained within 1 week. The signal intensity
ratios of liver and spleen to the paraspinal muscle were calculated on gradient-echo T1-weighted
images (T1WI) and T2-weighted images (T2WI) in both patients and healthy women, respectively.

Results:

The ratios of liver and spleen to paraspinal muscle on T1WI and T2WI were lower in patients
than in the healthy women, respectively (P<0.0001). The ratios of the liver and spleen to paraspinal
muscle on T1WI and T2WI decreased with the increasing stage of anemia and decreasing hemoglobin
levels (P<0.001). The ratios of the liver to paraspinal muscle on T1WI, spleen to paraspinal muscle on
T1WI, and the liver and spleen to paraspinal muscle on T2WI could predict anemia stage≥1
(AUC=0.576, 0.643, 0.688, and 0.756, respectively), ≥2 (AUC=0.743, 0.714, 0.891, and 0.922, respectively)
and 3 (AUC=0.851, 0.822, 0.854, and 0.949, respectively).

Conclusion:

T2WI-based spleen signal intensity ratios showed the highest potential for non-invasive
evaluation of anemia in gynecological cancer.
Bibliometric Analysis: Nanotechnology and COVID-19
Authors: Lunardi Claure Nain , Subrinho Fernanda Lima , Freitas Barros Mirella Paula de , Lima Raiane Cavalcante , de Queiroz Melo Ana Clara Magalhaes , Barbosa Daniela de Melo , Negreiros Luana Gouveia De , Rodrigues Brenda Soares , Neiva Mateus Sousa , Linhares Joao Victor Ribeiro , Dalla Costa Gabriel Farrapeira , Gomes Anderson de Jesus
Published: March 2022

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic information is critical in order to study it further, but the virus has still not been confined. In addition, even if there is no longer any threat, more knowledge may be gathered from these resources.

Methods:

The data used in this study was gathered from several scientific areas and the links between them. Due to the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has not been fully contained and additional information can be gleaned from these references, bibliometric analysis of it is important.

Results:

In total 155 publications on the topic of "COVID-19" and the keyword "nanotechnology" were identified in the Scopus database between 2020 and 2021 in a network visualization map

Conclusion:

As a result, our analysis was conducted at the appropriate time to provide a comprehensive understanding of COVID-19 and nanotechnology and prospective research directions for medicinal chemistry.
The Antibacterial Activity of Quinazoline and Quinazolinone Hybrids
Authors: Li Zhenghua , Zhao Li , Bian Yunqiang , Li Yu , Qu Jie , Song Feng
Published: March 2022

Bacterial infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality across the world and pose serious threats to humankind. Drug resistance, especially multidrug resistance resulting from differ-ent defensive mechanisms in bacteria, is the leading cause of the failure of chemotherapy, making it an urgent need to develop more effective antibacterials. Quinazoline and quinazolinone frameworks have received considerable attention due to their diversified therapeutic potential. In particular, quinazoline/quinazolinone hybrids can exert antibacterial activity through various mechanisms and are useful scaffolds for the discovery of novel antibacterials. This review principally emphasizes the antibacterial potential, structure-activity relationships (SARs), and mechanism of action of quinazo-line and quinazolinone hybrids, covering articles published between 2017 and 2021.
Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in the Improvement of Clinical
Status in Patients Diagnosed with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Venkatesan Nanditha , Gyawali Mallika , Botleroo Rinky A. , Ahmed Rowan , Kareem Roaa , Ogeyingbo Opemipo D. , Bhandari Renu , Elshaikh Abeer O.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Fibromyalgia syndrome is characterised by extensive muscular pain and chronic fatigue. Among the pharmacologic and other nutrient supplements that have been studied, Vitamin D has garnered attention owing to the critical role it plays in inflammatory and pain path-ways. We conducted a systematic literature review to examine the efficacy of vitamin D supplemen-tation in improving the clinical status of the patients and alleviating the symptoms of fibromyalgia.

Methods:

We searched Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, grey literature (medrXiv and biorXiv) for observational studies, randomized controlled trials, case-control studies, and case reports published in English from January 2011 to May 2021, using the terms vitamin D and fibromyalgia or FMS. References were reviewed manually and articles were only included if they were specific about the diagnosis of fibromyalgia.

Results:

2651 studies were retrieved, with 12 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria. 11 out of these 12 studies were of high quality and showed low risk of bias. 11 of these also demonstrated defini-tive improvement in clinical status and various outcome measures following supplementation with Vitamin D.

Conclusions:

Our study emphasises an association between supplementation of vitamin D and improvement of the clinical condition of fibromyalgia through a systematic review of high-quality studies. The study also identified areas for future scope for research needed for standardising the detection and treatment of this chronic condition through cost-effective supplements such as Vitamin D.
Therapeutic Importance and Pharmacological Activities of Karanjin in the Medicine for the Treatment of Human Disorders: A Review through Scientific Data Analysis
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Patel Kanika
Published: March 2022

Backgrounds:

Plant and derived herbal drugs have been used in the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of various forms of human health complications since a very early age. Commercial products prepared from natural herbs have been always valuable for the society in the form of health supplement to medicament. In the ancient time, herbal products were mainly prepared from plants and their derived phytochemical. Plants contain a rich source of pure phytochemical called secondary metabolite and examples are flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and terpenoids etc. Plants and their parts including fruits, flowers, vegetables etc. are the best source of Flavonoid class phytochemicals.

Methods:

Present work summarized the scientific information of karanjin for their health beneficial aspects and pharmacological activities including its analytical aspects. In the present investigation, scientific data of karanjin have been collected from various scientific databases such as Google, Goggle Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed and analyzed to know the health beneficial aspects of karanjin in the medicine. Further pharmacological activity data has been collected and analyzed in the present work to know their biological potential in the medicine. Analytical methods used for the separation, isolation, and identification of karanjin for the standardization of different natural products have been also discussed in the present work.

Results:

Scientific data analysis signified the biological importance of Flavonoid class phytochemicals in the medicine as they are well known for their anti-ischemic, vasodilatory, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, and anti-cancer activities. Scientific data analysis revealed the presences of karanjin in numerous medicinal plants such as Fordia cauliflora, Lonchocarpus latifolius, Millettia pinnata, Millettia pubinervis, Pongamia pinnata, and Tephrosia purpurea. Pharmacological activity data revealed the biological potential of karanjin against cancerous disorders, glucose metabolism abnormalities, gastrointestinal disorders, arthritis, inflammatory disorders, colitis, psoriasis and brain related disorders. However, analytical data signified the importance of RP-HPLC, TLC, HPTLC, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HSCCC techniques in the medicine for the quantification of karanjin in different samples.

Conclusion:

Presented information about karanjin in this review paper will be beneficial to the scientific peoples of the world to know the health beneficial aspects of karanjin in the medicine.
Emerging Trends and their Impacts on Peptic Ulcer Diseases: Treatments
and Techniques
Authors: Singh Pranjal Kumar , Easwari T.S.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is prevalent in almost all parts of the world. PUD complications are creating a major source of preventable health care expenses. The major factors responsible for the incidence of PUD and its complication have changed over the past few decades after the identification of non-steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Helicobacter pylori bacterial infection along with a marked increase in the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) as drug therapy. The management of PUD has become more complex and challenging due to antimicrobial resistance.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to highlight current therapy and novel techniques used in the treatment of peptic ulcer diseases.

Methods:

An exhaustive literature search has been conducted across PubMed, Google, Scopus and Web of Science as an electronic database to add the crucial information from the relevant literature.

Results:

In the present review, we have discussed PUD and its pathophysiology. The recent trends in PUD and possible treatments with novel techniques have also been discussed. The type and presence of ulcers cannot be predicted accurately based on symptoms. The available treatment approaches for peptic ulcers based on their clinical presentation and etiology are anti-secretary therapy, endoscopy to reveal ulcers followed by drug therapy, and triple therapy for H pylori infection.

Conclusion:

Thus, the popular and effective methods are very beneficial in controlling PUD. The treatment based on diagnosis is the foremost requirement for ameliorating any disorder. In this article, the emerging techniques and development in the treatment and diagnosis of PUD have been reviewed.
Poloxamer based Urapidil Loaded Chitosan Microparticle in Approach to
Improve the Mechanical Strength by Tensile Strength and Entrapment
Determination
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Roy Harekrishna , Nayak Bhabani Shankar
Published: March 2022

Background:

The literature review highlighted the issues related to the poor mechanical strength of chitosan-based microparticles. In an attempt to resolve the stated drawback, the microparticles are prepared with a suitable combination of poloxamer-188 (pluronic) and chitosan-based hydrogels.

Objective:

The current study deals with urapidil-loaded chitosan microparticles incorporating chitosan-based hydrogels and small polyanionic electrolytes. The mechanical strength was ascertained by entrapment efficiency and texture analyzer.

Method:

Chitosan-based hydrogels and the combination of poloxamer and further microparticles are prepared by counter-ion aggregation technique in polyanionic electrolyte medium (20 % w/v). During the preparation, poloxamer is incorporated to improve the mechanical strength, which is ascertained in terms of adhesive strength (tensile strength) by texture analyzer and entrapment efficiency. The prepared microparticles are also subjected to micrometric studies, swelling index, surface morphology study, drug-polymer interaction study, and zeta analysis.

Result:

It was observed that there is a remarkable increase in entrapment efficiency (maximum of 78.56 % from SSP4) with the progressive increase in poloxamer-188. In addition to that, adhesive strength was also studied by a texture analyzer for all microparticles. Sodium citrate-based products exhibited superior adhesive strength values compared to sodium sulfate and sodium tripolyphosphate-based and signified the incorporation of poloxamer-188. A significant finding was also recorded for the swelling properties to microenvironmental pH attributed to polyanions. It observed Sodium TPP microparticles continued to swell in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. Zeta value was found to be maximum with -5.2 mV; it could further be improved by adding electrolytes. TPP4 showed a comparatively larger particle size of 8.07 µm. Polydispersity index value ascertained homogenous dispersion of microparticles. SEM study revealed prominent porous surfaces for sodium tripolyphosphate microparticles.

Conclusion:

The study revealed that the addition of poloxamer-188 improved the mechanical strength, identified by entrapment efficiency and texture analysis. SCP4 microparticle was found to be the best formulation among all.
The Intrinsically Disordered Protein: A Literature Landscape
Authors: Choura Mouna , Brini Faiçal , Rebaï Ahmed
Published: March 2022

Background:

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are proteins that lack a predetermined
3D structure and play key cellular functions. IDPs are often involved in diseases and have
been shown to be attractive targets for drug development. The IDPs have been intensively
investigated, revealing important results.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the latest research bibliography since 2010, including the
latest findings, major contributors, institutions, and journals.

Methods:

The bibliographic data were retrieved from PubMed from 2010 to 2020. The data
collected were then analysed by VOSviewer software (version 1.6.11).

Results:

In this study, 4590 publications were retrieved for analysis. They have been published in
579 journals. Over 9683 organisations have contributed to IDP publications, with United States of
America and Russia being in the first place. Human proteins are most studied for their IDP features
and mainly in the context of diseases and drug design.

Conclusion:

This bibliometric study reveals that the trend of publications is increasing year by year.
USA and Russia have contributed the most to the IDP research field. Moreover, it suggests that IDP
research remains a challenging issue that is still open for original contributions and original applications.