bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comunicación y participación online: la evolución de los procesos participativos en entornos virtuales
Authors:   IMEP - Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios de Protocolo, Guilló Mario , Mancebo-Aracil José F. ,   IMEP - Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios de Protocolo
Published: January 2018

Internet y la Revolución de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TICs) iniciada durante el pasado siglo ha sido un factor clave para el desarrollo de un nuevo modelo de sociedad, que trata de promover valores tales como la apertura, la transparencia y, especialmente, la participación comunitaria. Los desarrollos actuales de Internet muestran el potencial que atesoran las numerosas aplicaciones, Redes Sociales y plataformas en línea que están inundando la red y ocupan un lugar central en nuestros dispositivos móviles. Las Redes Sociales son buenos ejemplos de desarrollos tecnológicos que podrían contribuir a potenciar nuevas formas de interacción en red, dando alcance global a diferentes proyectos sociales, movimientos, causas,... Sin embargo, parece existir una brecha entre el potencial teórico y el desempeño real de tales cuando hablamos de participación ciudadana. El objetivo de este trabajo es doble: a) analizar brevemente cómo la tecnología y el uso de Internet han ido evolucionando en las últimas décadas, y b) establecer una tipología de procesos de participación que tienen lugar en las Redes Sociales, evaluando algunos de los procesos de cambio (sociales, económicos, tecnológicos, culturales) que pueden influir en la forma en que los procesos de participación podrían evolucionar en las próximas décadas.
Reseña: Manuel CAMPO VIDAL. La cara oculta de los debates electorales (2017). Arpa y Alfil Editores, S.L. Barcelona
Authors:   Universidad Miguel Hernández, Belmonte Martín Irene
Published: January 2018

Reseña de: Manuel CAMPO VIDAL. La cara oculta de los debates electorales (2017). Arpa y Alfil Editores, S.L. Barcelona, 237 pp. ISBN: 978-84-16601-34-9
La migración digital y la crítica situación de la prensa y televisión marcan el ecosistema informativo de Castilla y León
Authors:   Universidad de Burgos, Sanz Hernando Clara
Published: January 2018

La industria de los medios de comunicación de Castilla y León ha experimentado grandes cambios desde que en 2008 les afectara, al igual que al conjunto del sector, la crisis económica y la de su propio modelo de negocio. Este trabajo se propone elaborar el mapa mediático resultante de estos críticos años, conocer la situación actual de las empresas periodísticas en las nueve provincias que conforman esta Comunidad, la migración digital que se ha producido y las consecuencias que este terremoto ha tenido para el conjunto de los profesionales de la comunicación. La puesta en marcha de una labor de campo descriptiva, contrastada con entrevistas y encuestas realizadas a empresas y trabajadores del sector, ha permitido medir el alcance de estas transformaciones. Las conclusiones obtenidas constatan la debilidad y el declive de la prensa impresa y el auge de los diarios digitales; la reestructuración televisiva; la estabilidad de la radio; la creciente concentración de medios en los Grupos Promecal y Edigrup Media, y la devastadora destrucción de empleo.
Función y valor documental de los enlaces semánticos en la prensa española (2002-2016)
Authors:   Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Cebrián Enrique Bernardino J. , Orero Paz ,   Institut Valencià de Cultura – RTVV
Published: January 2018

Esta investigación aborda las características y valor documentales de los enlaces semánticos en la prensa española de 2002 a 2016. Se analizan los enlaces integrados en el relato de las noticias de portada para examinar la riqueza de las fuentes de destino y las funciones documentales que cumplen. Se parte de dos hipótesis: la madurez de la prensa digital se traduce en un incremento de enlaces a recursos externos y en el cumplimiento de las funciones informativas clásicas de la documentación periodística. El análisis de contenido se aplica a 4830 enlaces semánticos incluidos en el relato informativo de 4620 noticias de portada, procedentes de los tres diarios nacionales y los tres valencianos de mayor audiencia en Internet: El País, El Mundo, El Confidencial, Las Provincias, Levante-EMV y Valencia Plaza. Los enlaces internos son los mayoritarios, aunque en menor grado en los medios nativos digitales. Se confirma la presencia de las funciones informativas clásicas. La función completiva es la predominante. La función crítico-verificadora destaca en los medios nativos, tiene valores equilibrados en los diarios nacionales tradicionales y es baja en los locales con edición en papel. La función informativa propia alcanza valores altos, pero se enlaza sobre todo a repositorios.
El tratamiento de la información infográfica de La Vuelta Ciclista a España 2017 en elmundo.es
Authors:   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ivars Nicolás Begoña
Published: January 2018

La infografía ha evolucionado notablemente en el medio internet convirtiéndose en una unidad informativa autónoma integrando cualidades como la hipertextualidad o la interactividad. Además, adquiere relevancia en secciones como Deportes o Economía. Sin embargo, en España la infografía sigue siendo principalmente un complemento del texto de la noticia, raramente aprovecha las cualidades del medio, y tampoco logra hacerse un hueco como la fotografía o el vídeo en la organización de la información de los cibermedios. Este texto presenta los resultados de un estudio de caso sobre el tratamiento de la infografía en las noticias sobre la Vuelta Ciclista a España 2017 en el diario elmundo.es. Se atiende a dos aspectos: el acceso y la recuperación de la información infográfica; y la aplicación de la hipertextualidad y la interactividad en las infografías halladas. Destaca la dificultad para encontrar infografías mediante las herramientas proporcionadas para la recuperación de la información. Además, sobresale el estatismo de éstas y el aprovechamiento mínimo la interactividad.
La creación de imagen de marca en los canales infantiles politemáticos de televisión
Authors:   Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Melgarejo Moreno Irene , Rodríguez Rosell María del Mar ,   Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
Published: January 2018

La marca constituye el principal elemento de todo canal televisivo dónde el tratamiento y uso que se hace de la propia imagen de marca del canal se convierten en fundamentales para atraer la atención de la audiencia y conseguir afinidad entre el público objetivo, el canal y la marca. Con una metodología de estudio basada en la triangulación de métodos científicos, donde convergen las entrevistas en profundidad, el análisis de contenido y la observación descriptiva, este artículo presenta los resultados globales sobre imagen de marca y publicidad extraídos del estudio exhaustivo de los canales infantiles, lo que permite obtener una aproximación a la realidad de los Canales Infantiles Politemáticos en España.
Marketing del enoturismo en la Web 2.0
Authors: Matellanes Lazo Mónica
Published: January 2018

El uso de Internet irrumpe en un momento importante del desarrollo del enoturismo en varias zonas de la geografía española y, es fundamental conocer y dominar la utilización de los elementos de este nuevo medio para impactar y comunicar de un modo eficaz los planes estratégicos de gestión del enoturismo hacia los diferentes públicos. Para conocer cuáles son los factores clave en el desarrollo de contenidos Web hacia estos clientes, este artículo de investigación utiliza un cuestionario comparativo-descriptivo sobre la gestión de las principales páginas Web del enoturismo en dos conocidas Denominaciones de Origen españolas: la D.O.C. La Rioja y la D.O. Ribera del Duero. De esta forma, se podrán analizar y reflexionar las diferentes técnicas de comunicación que aplican cada una de estas Denominaciones de Origen para conseguir más turistas y por tanto, beneficios económicos. Se pretende conocer qué tipo de contenidos son más atractivos e impactan mejor sobre el público objetivo, así como averiguar qué Denominación de Origen tiene mejor Imagen Corporativa.
La página web como herramienta para la retroalimentación comunicativa de las universidades españolas
Authors:   Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, Gómez Nieto Begoña , Tapia Frade Alejandro ,   Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, de Valladolid
Published: January 2018

La comunicación supone un activo estratégico esencial para cualquier organización. En el caso de las universidades es todavía más importante habida cuenta del proceso de convergencia europeo que exige la redefinición de discurso organizacional. Este hecho implica también la adopción de mecanismos de retroalimentación que permitan el retorno de información con sus públicos de forma rápida y ágil, que deben adaptarse a un entorno competitivo cada vez más exigente. Así, este trabajo analiza la exposición en página web de información a través de la llamada sala de prensa y las posibilidades de retroalimentación que ésta ofrece, tanto tradicionales como las enmarcadas en la llamada Web 2.0.
La nueva página web de la Compañía Radio Televisión de Galicia: una adaptación a los cambios de la red y a las demandas de los usuarios
Authors:   Universidad de A Coruña, García Torre Manuel
Published: January 2018

Las televisiones gracias a la aparición de Internet, tienen a su disposición una herramienta que hoy en día se ha hecho imprescindible para su presencia entre la sociedad. Fruto de esto, el telespectador se ha convertido en usuario y quiere sentirse cada día más partícipe. En este estudio se ha elegido la Compañía Radio Televisión de Galicia, pionera en la adaptación a la aparición de internet que después de dieciséis años con presencia en la red, ha tenido que reinventar su página web debido a los grandes avances y al nuevo papel que juega el usuario. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se ha realizado un análisis formal de esta web antes y después de su renovación, viendo así los cambios que ha sufrido, la adaptación a los cambios de la red y a las demandas de los usuarios.
Historia y Comunicación en América Latina: El papel de Ciespal en el proceso de institucionalización de los estudios de la Comunicación en América Latina
Authors:   GEIC–AL. Universidad de Sonora (México), León Duarte Gustavo Adolfo
Published: January 2018

Este artículo busca fundamentar -desde una perspectiva histórica y contextual- el hecho de que el Centro Internacional de Estudios Superiores de Periodismo para América Latina (Ciespal) no sólo fue un factor influyente para desarrollar el campo de estudios de la comunicación en la megaregión, sino que propició experiencias previas indiscutidas al instaurar el germen y cimiento de mayor peso para el desarrollo del campo académico de la comunicación en América Latina. Aspira, por tanto, a evidenciar el proceso de objetivación de la construcción narrativa de la identidad académica del campo y, concretamente, del proceso de institucionalización de la enseñanza y la investigación de la comunicación en esta megaregión: cuándo, cómo y quiénes crearon las acciones, los recursos, las reglas y las estrategias que permitieron prácticas académicas rutinarias de fijación y estabilidad en el pasado y que se retienen hasta hoy en día con un carácter significativo. En cada apartado del presente texto se demostrará que sería con la fundación del Ciespal, en 1959, cuando la enseñanza, la documentación y la investigación en comunicación en América Latina desarrollaría una nueva fisonomía que a la postre sería central en la construcción de la identidad del campo académico de la comunicación en América Latina.
Contra el periodismo falto de ética (reseña de Periodismo es preguntar)
Authors:   Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Limia Fernández Moises
Published: January 2018

Periodismo es preguntar en cierta medida supone un corolario o epílogo lógico a libros anteriores de De Pablos. A medida que avanzamos en su lectura, resulta notorio que se halla estrechamente emparentado con su conocida trilogía sobre los límites del periodismo (Amarillo en prensa, 1997; Errores del texto periodístico, 1997; y El periodismo herido, 2003). Nos encontramos nuevamente con una denuncia valiente y sin ambages de los males que azotan, inmisericordes, al periodismo de nuestro tiempo, desde la asunción de que no existen la neutralidad ni la imparcialidad informativa.
La tipología de los mensajes en el suplemento Paraninfo de la Universidad de Alicante: temáticas, públicos objetivos y finalidad de los mensajes
Authors:   Universidad de Alicante, Hidalgo Marí Tatiana , Rodríguez Monteagudo Eliseo ,   Universidad de Alicante
Published: January 2018

Los suplementos informativos son uno de los recursos más explotados por parte de las instituciones para mantener contacto con el mundo exterior a través de la difusión de sus acciones más significativas. Con estos documentos se consigue, además, superar barreras comunicativas y mostrar transparencia externa. Suponen, pues, una herramienta muy útil a la hora de trabajar y mantener la imagen corporativa de la organización/institución y generar un clima positivo entre la totalidad de sus públicos. En este artículo, pretendemos establecer cuál es el carácter y la tipología del suplemento Paraninfo que la Universidad de Alicante emite, semanalmente, en el Diario Información. A través del análisis de contenido, tratamos de definir los mensajes desde el punto de vista de su finalidad, su temática y el público al cual se dirigen para poder establecer cuáles son las premisas fundamentales que influyen en la configuración de la agenda setting de la Institución. Puesto que se trata de un análisis temporal que engloba los últimos cinco años de publicación periódica, permite establecer cuáles son los cambios significativos en la escala temporal y la evolución de su carácter. Además, permite valorar las tendencias generales en comunicación institucional y delimitar hacia dónde se dirige la comunicación de las organizaciones y, en concreto, de las Universidades públicas.
Las cookies en los principales cibermedios generalistas de España
Authors:   Universidad de Valencia, García Ull Francisco José
Published: January 2018

Desde el pasado marzo de 2012, cuando la legislación española incorporó la directiva comunitaria sobre privacidad electrónica, todas las páginas web españolas que recopilen datos de sus usuarios y siempre que éstos no sean estrictamente necesarios para el funcionamiento de la web, tienen la obligación de informar claramente sobre el tipo y la finalidad de los datos recolectados, así como de obtener el consentimiento de los usuarios a destinar sus datos a tal efecto. Dada la relevancia que en los últimos años han cobrado los medios online, hemos estudiado el grado de cumplimiento de la normativa por parte de los principales cibermedios generalistas de España. Se incluye además, la propuesta de un sistema para medir la transparencia de los sitios web en materia de privacidad. En los resultados de este estudio se observa que únicamente el 51% de los principales cibermedios generalistas españoles aplica correctamente la normativa vigente al acceder a sus sitios web desde los principales navegadores web. Este dato disminuye cuando se accede a los medios digitales mediante dispositivos móviles, con tan sólo un 36% de medios que requieren el consentimiento informado de sus lectores. En el estudio se ofrecen alternativas a nivel técnico, que garanticen el cumplimiento de la normativa y se subraya la necesidad de una mayor formación en este ámbito por parte de los internautas.
Tratamiento Informativo del inicio de la Crisis Económica Mundial de 2008 según la Prensa Nacional
Authors:   Universidad de Málaga, Prieto Pradas Luis Fernando
Published: January 2018

Que en pleno Siglo XXI haya miles de personas que mueran cada día por no tener alimento suficiente clama al cielo, pero el silencio es mucho más escandaloso de lo que serían todas sus voces gritando al unísono. Silencio que también muestran, sin reparos, los medios de comunicación de masas en esta coyuntura mediática que nos ha tocado vivir.
Los triunfos como escaparates de los mitos modernos: las victorias de la Selección española de fútbol (2008 - 2012)
Authors:   Universidad de Salamanca, Herrero Gutiérrez Javier , Barredo Ibáñez Daniel ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Oller Alonso Martín ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo
Published: January 2018

En este artículo comparamos visual y contextualmente las noticias ofrecidas por los diarios deportivos españoles As, Marca, Mundo Deportivo y Sport sobre el triunfo de la Selección española en las Eurocopas (2008/2012) y el Mundial (2010). En nuestros resultados resaltamos un predominio del recurso de la fotografía, la adopción de una retórica enfática y entusiasta de los recursos textuales, la personalización de la celebración y la elevada cantidad de páginas dedicadas a cubrir este evento.
Variação anatômica do canal mandibular: relato de caso
Authors: Lima Nathally Nadia Moura de , Lima Valthierre Nunes de , Ferreira Filho Jose Laurentino , Pouchain Ernest Cavalcante , Cavalcante Daniel de Sá
Published: January 2018

O canal mandibular é uma estrutura localizada no corpo da mandíbula, que se estende desde o forame mandibular ate o forame mentual, e contem em seu interior o nervo, artéria e veia alveolar inferior. Ramificação do nervo alveolar inferior é responsável por inervar tecidos moles, papila, dentes, periodonto e osso da mandíbula. O objetivo desse trabalho foi apresentar um caso clinico de variação anatômica do canal mandibular com exteriorização para face externa do corpo da mandíbula, confrontando com dados presentes na literatura. A correta identificação e localização das variações anatômicas do canal mandibular por meio de tomografia computadorizada, em caso de cirurgias envolvendo a região,  previne complicações trans e pós-operatórias ou ainda insucessos na colocação de implantes. Sabe-se também que a região de linha obliqua é uma importante área doadora de enxertos ósseos intraorais. Assim, deve-se levar em consideração a proximidade com o feixe vasculonervoso alveolar inferior em caso de variação anatômica do canal mandibular. Embora essa variação esteja presente em apenas uma pequena parcela da população, é fundamental conhece-la, visto sua importância nas intervenções clinicas e cirúrgicas por influenciar diretamente no sucesso ou fracasso das mesmas.Descritores: Nervo Mandibular; Mandíbula; Variação Anatômica.
Efeito da atividade física na qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida: revisão sistematizada
Authors: Ropke Lucilene Maria , Souza Amanda Gouvea , Bertoz André Pinheiro de Magalhães , Adriazola Manuel Martin , Ortolan Erika Verusca Paiva , Martins Regina Helena , Lopes Weder Carneiro , Rodrigues Cesar Diogo Benichio , Bigliazzi Renato , Weber Silke Anna Theresa
Published: January 2018

Introdução: O sono é um importante indicador de saúde e sua qualidade pode sofrer influência de diversos fatores, como alterações psicológicas e sociais; ambiente; uso de medicamentos; ingestão alcoólica e a prática regular de atividade física. Porém, ainda não está esclarecido se a atividade física teria efeito positivo sobre os distúrbios de sono mais prevalentes como insônia e apneia do sono. Objetivo: buscar publicações que falam da interação sono e atividade física, e estudos que esclareçam os efeitos da atividade física sobre a qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida. Material e Método: foi feito uma busca na literatura nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scielo, Pubmed e Scopus usando os descritores Exercício; Sono; Qualidade de Vida; Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono. Resultados: foram discutidos sete artigos que abordam o assunto a atividade física como coadjuvante para a qualidade do sono mostrando que atividade física tem ação benéfica. Conclusão: a atividade física melhora a percepção subjetiva e objetiva da qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida, podendo ser utilizada como tratamento terapêutico nos tratamentos dos distúrbios do sono.Descritores: Exercício; Sono; Qualidade de Vida; Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono.
Aplicação dos sistemas adesivos nos últimos cinco anos
Authors: Saviczki Paulo Ladislau , Rebouças Maryanne de Mendonça e Silva , Genaro Christiane Toriy , Masocatto Danilo Chizzolini , Coelho Túlio Marcos Kalife , Figueiredo José Luiz Guimarães de , Ribeiro Benícia Carolina Iaskieviscz
Published: January 2018

Os novos materiais restauradores têm sido desenvolvidos para atender as exigências dos clínicos e obter um nível de excelência tanto em termos funcionais quanto em estética. Com isso, uma grande variedade de produtos odontológicos é lançada no mercado a cada ano, dentre esses produtos temos os sistemas adesivos odontológicos e junto a eles surgem diferentes técnicas de utilização. Portanto é estritamente importante o conhecimento do profissional durante a seleção e aplicação desses sistemas adesivos. A elaboração dessa revisão foi impulsionada devido a grande quantidade de sistemas disponíveis hoje e buscou compreender a fundo a aplicação desses sistemas de acordo com as pesquisas dos últimos 5 anos. Essas pesquisas nos trouxeram dados altamente significativos, tais como: que o aumento do tempo de aplicação dos sistemas autocondicionantes leva a uma melhora na resistência adesiva; os novos conceitos de hibridização a partir da desproteinização da dentina e fixação da clorexidina como inibidor efetivo de metaloproteinases. Descritores: Adesivos Dentinários; Resistência Adesiva; Resinas Compostas.
Critérios para a seleção do sistema de retenção na reabilitação protética sobre implantes: próteses parafusadas versus cimentadas
Authors: Zavanelli Ricardo Alexandre , Zavanelli Adriana Cristina , Santos Lauanne Andressa Silva , Zavanelli Jaqueline Barbosa Magalhães
Published: January 2018

Introdução: Na reabilitação sobre implantes, a união entre a peça protética e o pilar e/ou diretamente com o implante pode ocorrer por cimentação ou por parafusamento. Contudo, esta escolha pode se tornar desafiadora em determinadas situações e deve ser criteriosamente considerada ainda na etapa de planejamento, previamente a instalação dos implantes, maximizando assim a previsibilidade do resultado final e, consequentemente, o sucesso do tratamento. Objetivo: Apresentar e discutir as informações obtidas na literatura quanto às vantagens, desvantagens, critérios de seleção, indicações e contraindicações dos sistemas de retenção por cimento e por parafuso nas próteses sobre implantes, exemplificando variadas situações clínicas e a aplicabilidade das informações aqui fornecidas; com o intuito de fornecer respaldo ao cirurgião-dentista para uma seleção ideal e segura nos mais diversos casos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que não existe um método soberano ou protocolo fixo na escolha entre prótese cimentada ou parafusada e a predileção do profissional acaba por ser o fator determinante. Cabe ao profissional, experiência e bom senso para pontuar fatores preponderantes na reabilitação em questão e então eleger o sistema de retenção que melhor atende suas expectativas.Descritores: Reabilitação Bucal; Próteses e Implantes; Implantes Dentários.
Previsibilidade do tratamento estético com lentes de contato cerâmicas
Authors: Zavanelli Adriana Cristina , Caetano Janaína Lopes , Da Silva Lorrany Candido , Zavanelli Ricardo Alexandre
Published: January 2018

A constante busca por um sorriso estético e agradável culminou no desenvolvimento de técnicas minimamente invasivas e de materiais restauradores que mimetizam a estrutura dentária. Associado a essa evolução da Odontologia, o refinamento dos procedimentos de cimentação adesiva permitiu a confecção de peças restauradoras com espessuras muito delgadas. Assim, podemos destacar o emprego das lentes de contato cerâmicas como opção de tratamento para a reabilitação estética na prática clínica por empregar procedimentos ultraconservadores e mimetizar a naturalidade das estruturas dentárias. Além disso, o planejamento reverso permite a previsibilidade do tratamento tanto para a equipe profissional quanto para o paciente. Dessa forma, o artigo tem por objetivo descrever o planejamento e execução clínica em seu passo a passo das lentes de contato cerâmicas, ressaltando o protocolo de confecção dos preparos, moldagem e cimentação das peças cerâmicas à base de dissilicato de lítio. Ao final, foram cimentadas seis lentes de contato cerâmicas no arco superior para o restabelecimento da estética do sorriso da paciente. Concluiu-se que a aplicação do planejamento reverso associado com a utilização de cerâmicas à base de dissilicato de lítio possibilitou a recuperação funcional e estética do sorriso quando se empregou a técnica de preparos minimamente invasivos de lentes de contato cerâmicas.Descritores: Estética Dentária; Porcelana Dentária; Facetas Dentárias.
Aspectos psicológicos a tener en cuenta en la atención de víctimas de la trata de personas
Authors: Chahín-Pinzón Nicolás , Reyes Jaimes Johana Marcela , Vargas Parra Jackeline
Published: January 2018

Este artículo describe los elementos básicos desde el punto de vista psicológico a quienes en algún momento pueden tener en su consulta pacientes que hayan sido víctimas del tráfico de personas. Para el logro de este objetivo, el contenido se desarrollará en varios niveles de acercamiento a esta problemática. En primer término, se contextualizará y describirá la realidad de la trata de personas en la actualidad, para presentar un referente macro de esta situación. Seguidamente,  se abordará el deterioro y daño psicológico que padecen las víctimas durante el periodo de explotación y victimización. Luego, se revisarán los síntomas, conductas y reacciones que son más frecuentemente observados,  una vez termina el cautiverio y la víctima se encuentra en un lugar de acogida.  Posteriormente, se continuará con la descripción y análisis los trastornos mentales más frecuentes que se pueden diagnosticar en esta población,   teniendo como referencia las investigaciones más relevantes sobre este aspecto, prestando una especial atención a propuestas alternativas diagnósticas,  que intentan explicar con mayor amplitud la complejidad de la sintomatología mental de las víctimas de la trata de personas.  En la parte final se realiza una breve reflexión crítica de la realidad actual,  para posteriormente proponer alternativas que permitan en un futuro ofrecer a esta población una atención mucho más integral.
The benefits of good corporate governance to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Africa: A view on top 20 and bottom 20 JSE listed companies
Authors: M. Sarah Radebe
Published: January 2018

Good corporate governance has been attributed to many large organizations’ success. From the boardroom to the triple bottom line, it has been hailed as one powerful tool that brought about sustainability of these organizations in this competitive era. While this is beneficial to large organizations, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can glean on such experiences to add their value to their companies which, in the long run could bring about new markets and improved business practices which can be ground breaking in their daily business dealings. Thus, if with the introduction of the King Report on good governance, competitive advantage is improved, SMEs are in a good position to sustain their businesses in turbulent economic conditions. This article is aimed at exploring the benefits with which good corporate governance can yield to top and bottom JSE listed SMEs in South Africa. A desktop method was used to analyze the financial statements of these SMEs companies with the view to gain understanding on their corporate governance activities and how well they benefit them. The findings show that good corporate governance is beneficial to SMEs.
Corporate Social Responsibility or Corporate Social Irresponsibility: where should be the focus?
Authors: M. Sulphey M.
Published: January 2018

With multiple scandals and a host of disingenuous actions creating ripples across the corporate world, it is high time that Corporate Social Irresponsibility (CSI) is accorded the due importance, at par with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), by academia and the industry. CSI refers to situations wherein firms fail to meet a “minimum behavioral standard with respect to the corporation’s relationship with its stakeholders”. There have been many instances wherein CSI and corporate wrongdoings have been covered up with CSR. Many scholars consider CSR and CSI as opposite forces that are interconnected and interdependent, and take turns in giving rise to each other. CSI, being an emergent and a topical subject area, is yet to develop in terms of theory, and is still evolving. The present work attempts to motivate further investigation in the emerging area by presenting theoretical views and available accumulated empirical works. The study has puts across a fair view of the topic. It is expected that the present work will stimulate scholars to take up further investigation in the emerging area.
Serum paraoxonase activity and total sialic acid in sheep with foot and mouth disease
Authors: Deveci Haci Ahmet , Kükürt Abdulsamed , Nur Gökhan , Alpay Merve , Merhan Oğuz , Bozukluhan Kadir , Yılmaz Volkan , Karapehlivan Mahmut
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate paraoxonase (PON1) activity and total sialic acid to be measured for the first time in sheep infected naturally with foot and mouth disease, and their relationships with oxidative stress. A total of 30 Awassi sheep (aged between 2–4), which were healthy and infected with the foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) were used in the study. Concentrations of paraoxonase activity (PON1), which is an important antioxidant against oxidative stress, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and total sialic acid (TSA), which has a critical role for immune system and is one of the significant indicators of cellular degeneration, were measured in serum samples drawn from animals. The total oxidant capacity (TOC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were evaluated to determine the oxidative balance. It was observed that serum PON1 (P<0.001) and HDL (P<0.01) concentrations were significantly lower compared to the control group. TSA concentration was higher in the infected group (P<0.001) compared to the healthy group. TOC was higher (P<0.001) and TAC was lower (P<0.01) in the infected group compared to the control group. Consequently, harmful effects of the infection of foot and mouth disease were shown as cause of oxidative cell damage and the high rate of sialic acid was produced depending on the degeneration during the infection. .
Targeting DNA Repair Systems in Antitubercular Drug Development
Authors: Minias Alina , Brzostek Anna , Dziadek Jarosław
Published: January 2018

Infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, are difficult to treat using currently available chemotherapeutics. Clinicians agree on the urgent need for novel drugs to treat tuberculosis. In this mini review, we summarize data that prompts the consideration of DNA repair-associated proteins as targets for the development of new antitubercular compounds. We discuss data, including gene expression data, that highlight the importance of DNA repair genes during the pathogenic cycle as well as after exposure to antimicrobials currently in use. Specifically, we report experiments on determining the essentiality of DNA repair-related genes. We report the availability of protein crystal structures and summarize discovered protein inhibitors. Further, we describe phenotypes of available gene mutants of M. tuberculosis and model organisms Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium smegmatis. We summarize experiments regarding the role of DNA repair-related proteins in pathogenesis and virulence performed both in vitro and in vivo during the infection of macrophages and animals. We detail the role of DNA repair genes in acquiring mutations, which influence the rate of drug resistance acquisition.
Collisions Between Pedestrians and Reversing Vehicles in Public Settings in France
Authors: Brenac Thierry , Fournier Jean-Yves
Published: January 2018

Background:

Collisions between pedestrians and reversing vehicles in public settings have received little attention in France. Yet, according to the national statistics on traffic accidents, reversing vehicles are involved in 6.5% of the 11,700 pedestrian accidents recorded each year (over the 2008-2015 period). Moreover, this proportion is probably underestimated in these statistics.

Objective:

This work aims to provide a brief assessment of this problem in the French case, in quantitative and qualitative terms.

Methods:

A random sample of 882 police reports on pedestrian accidents occurring in public settings in France was studied to identify the reversing collisions among them. Then, the reversing accidents found (61 cases) were thoroughly analysed to improve our knowledge of the mechanisms involved.

Results:

Reversing collisions account for about 7% of pedestrian accidents in public settings. Pedestrians aged 60 or over (73% of the pedestrian victims) and commercial and goods vehicles are over-represented in these collisions. Pedestrians often fail to see the reversing vehicle, fail to anticipate its manoeuvre, or are not able to get out its path. Drivers generally fail to see the pedestrian before the collision. The reasons for the reversing manoeuvres are identified and suggest that these manoeuvres could partly be avoided.

Conclusion:

In France, reversing accidents represent a non-negligible proportion of pedestrian accidents in public settings. It appears that, in addition to the influence of limited rearward visibility in vehicles, certain road layouts play a role in these accidents by encouraging or forcing drivers to make reversing manoeuvres (at least for large vehicles).
Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis muatan lokal pada mata kuliah Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Faisal Emil El , Sulkipani Sulkipani
Published: January 2018

This research aimed at (1) developing teaching materials based on local content for Civic Education in University; and (2) describing the potential impact of local content on student consciousness on local culture. It was a developmental research. The subject were student registered in Civic Education Course (Mata Kuliah PKn) at History Department. Pilot project was validated through one to one, small group, and field evaluation. The analyzed result indicates that the developed instrument was valid and has potential impact. Supported data shows that the mean score prior to implementation was 6.86 and after implementation was 7.73. In other words, there was an increasing student achievement before and after its implementation. Accordingly, we suggest that this developed material could be implemented widely.
Pendidikan ideal perspektif Tagore dan Ki Hajar Dewantara dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik
Authors: Marzuki Marzuki , Khanifah Siti
Published: January 2018

The research aims to study the thought of Rabindranath Tagore and Ki Hajar Dewantara with the ideal education related in formation of students character. This research is a literature review using content analysis approach. Sources of data in the form of primary data and secondary data on thought of two leaders in education. Data were analyzed qualitatively with the inductive approach. The results showed that 1) Rabindranath Tagore saw education based on freedom and love. Learning approach undertaken by Rabindranath Tagore in the education system is experiential learning; 2) Ki Hajar Dewantara developed a Among system in education which is an effort to advance the development of morality (inner strength), mind (intellect), and physical students; and 3) there is a link between thought of Rabindranath Tagore and thought of Ki Hajar Dewantara on looking at the education and development of ideal education system.
Politik penegakan hak asasi manusia pada masa transisi d Indonesia
Authors: Halili Halili
Published: January 2018

This article was aimed at (1) discovering and constructing the political dynamics in formulating the Law of the Court of Human Rights; (2) analyzing its implication on the future of politic of Human Rights in Indonesia. This essay was a result of content analysis research with qualitative-comparative approach. The finding showed that (1) substantively, the formulation of Law No. 26 Year 2000 on Human Rights Court has fundamental weaknesses such as a partial adaptation of The Roma Statute, the course of human rights court was constructed weak by stating its authority only on investigation, whereas attorney General's Office authority on investigation lacks of detail prescription, deleting the responsibility of command such as those on the Rome Statute, etc. A lot of lacks indicate that the law was only an instrument of transitional authority. The ‘toothless’ law indicates the victory of the old regime in political battlement and tension with the new regime in reformation era. The politicization of handling of human rights violation before the release of the law of Court on which the Representative People Council has authority to propose but the decision maker is the President by Presidential Decree. 2) the political dynamic has an implication on two long term situations, hoarding impunity and the crises of human rights values.
Upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan melalui model pembelajaran talking stick
Authors: Boinah Boinah
Published: January 2018

This research was conducted to improve students’ achievement on Citizenship Education  through  Talking Stick Instructional Model in Class VII B Muhammadiyah Junior High School Seyegan  academic year of 2015/216. It was Classroom Action Research . Based on result of the study it  can be concluded that the implementation of   Talking Stick Instructional Model  improved  students’ achievement on Citizenship Education.  It  was based upon the results that (1) the procentage of passer grade was increased through entire cycles. The average of the score was 60.64  with 16.12 %  of students succed the defined treshold during pre Cycle, was increased  to 79.68 with 65.62 % of students during cycle I and the average of the score was increased to 96.54 consists of 93.54%. (2) The students’ learning activities were also increased, cycle I was 46.87%   and cycle II became 81.25%. Accordingly, it was recomended that Talking Stick Instructional Model can be used to improve students’ achievement on Citizenship Education.
Pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar PPKn
Authors: Kurniawan Mohammad Wahyu , Wuryandani Wuri
Published: January 2018

The aims of this study were to analyze: (1) the significance effects of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Method on the motivation to learn PPKn, (2) the significance effects of PBL Method on PPKn learning result, (3) the significance effects of PBL on the result and motivation of the students in PPKn learning process, and (4) to find out the effectiveness among PBL Method, the Inquiry and Conventional Learning Method in learning PPKn. This research was quasi experiment by pretest-posttest control group design. The participants were the 10th grade of SMA Negeri 1 Pacet Mojokerto 2016/2017 year academic. The results: (1) there were significance effects of the PBL Method on the motivation to learn PPKn; (2) there were significance effects of PBL Method on PPKn learning result; (3) there were significance effects of Problem-Based Learning on the result and motivation to the students in PPKn learning process; (4) the most effective method of learning PPKn was Problem-Based Learning.
Meningkatkan high order thinking skills mahasiswa semester III PPKn dalam pembelajaran Psikologi Sosial melalui penerapan metode six thinking hats
Authors: Chotimah Umi , Nurdiansyah Edwin
Published: January 2018

This study was aimed at increasing High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of third semester Citizenship Education (CE) students in Social Psychology of Learning course through the application of Six Thinking Hats Method (STH). This research was conducted using the method of classroom action research, which were carried out by two cycles, with the subject of the study were all students of the third semester CE study program class who participated in the course of Educational Psychology. Based on the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that through the application of Six Thinking Hats method can increase (HOTS). This was evident from the increase in test scores that have been designed to measure students' critical thinking skills, where achievement test scores in the moments before the implementation of learning using STH method only in the range of 46.0, then after the first cycle increased to 53.9 and at the end of the second cycle increased to 69.8, meaning increased 23.9 points. Furthermore, the observation also showed improvement in the students’ ways of thinking, indicated by the students began to be able to think critically after the learning process in the classroom using the STH.
Pengaruh model project citizen dengan pendekatan saintifik terhadap penguasaan kompetensi kewarganegaraan dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Mulyoto Galih Puji , Samsuri Samsuri
Published: January 2018

This study was aimed at determining the effect of applying a project citizen model with the scientific approach in learning PPKn the mastery of civic competencies. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research methods. Data collection technique were test, questionnaire and observation. Data were analyzed using t test and Gain Score. The results showed that there is significant influence implementation of the project citizen model with the scientific approach to learning PPKn the mastery of civic competencies compared using problem-based learning model with a scientific approach. It is shown results posttest control group and experiment to 7.182 2.000 ttabel. In every dimension of civic competencies also shows the results of a significant difference, namely: civic knowledge (to 6.088 2.000 ttable), civic skills (to 2,554 ttable 2.000), civic attitude (to 2,055 ttable 2.000). Analysis Gain score in the experimental class showed 0.38 results in the category of "moderate", while the control group showed 0.15 results in the category of "low".
Persepsi tokoh p0litik terhadap model pemilukada gubernur
Authors: Nugraha Fajar
Published: January 2018

the conduction of election was aimed at electing people and local representatives as well as forming democratic, strong, and legitimate  government in order to pursuit national goals based on Indonesian Constitution (UUDNRI 1945). Related to general election, there was a discourse on the model of governor election. The first, governor should elected by local (provincial) council. Second model will be direct election. The third, the governor should be assigned by President. It was a case study with qualitative approach. Based on the field result, it was perceived that the ideal type of choosing governor was direct election model. It was believed that it would trigger or stimulate a democratic local government and people-oriented development, throw away political partai oligarki. It was also in accordance to public participation on decision making.
Pembentukan kompetensi ekologis dengan model pembelajaran kontekstual dan berbasis masalah dalam PPKn di SMP
Authors: Pertiwi Shinta , Samsuri Samsuri
Published: January 2018

This research based article was aimed at explaining the effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning and Problem Based Learning on the establishment of Ecological Competence in Civic Education in Junior High School. It was a quasi-experiment research with pretest-posttest control group design. The population was student grade VII of SMP Negeri 2 Surakarta. The sample was chosen randomly, consist of one classroom as experimental group and another classroom as control group. Instrument for collecting data were test, questionnaire, and observation. It can be concluded that the establishment of ecological competence among junior high school students though through contextual teaching and learning are more effective than those who were though by problem based learning and conventional one. It was indicated by the result of one way anova Fcount Ftable (24.0313.11) and P=0.0000.05).
Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan: usaha konkret memperkuat multikulturalisme di Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Arif Prasetyo , Wahono Margi
Published: January 2018

Civic Education has a strategic role in strengthening multiculturalism in Indonesia. However, the contents of civic learning at the elementary level up to university level are showing lack of phenomenon that explores the multicultural values based on local wisdom (local genius). This research is a literature study by finding reference theories relevant to the cases or problems found. The reference theory obtained by method of literature study was presented as the foundation. It was found that: (1) The primordially knowledge, attitude and behavior of Indonesian society are kinds of things that impede Civics Education as a medium for strengthening multiculturalism in Indonesia; (2) Civic Education has great potential to become the foundation for multicultural strengthening in Indonesia with attention to innovation and development of the content, as well as the learning model. (3) Civic Education has a philosophical meaning as the foundation of ligature strength in the establishment of pluralism multicultural mentalities in order to realize national goals and nation’s modernization without abandoning the local wisdom.
Implementation of the PjBL model to enhance problem solving skill and skill competency of community college student
Authors: Jalinus Nizwardi , Nabawi Rahmat Azis
Published: January 2018

The research aims at enhance problem solving ability and competency skills of students. The method used was classroom action research in the course of welding practice with a group of 10 students. The research data obtained from the problem solving skills assessment interview techniques, competency skills gained from the project assessment and a written test, and the improvement data were analyzed using average gain (g). PjBL model provides students the opportunity to solve the problems of the real world by creating innovative works through their project work. PjBL model provides opportunities and experiences for students to solve the problem so the next project the students already have experience and ability to make decisions about what effort needs to be done to solve the problem. The power of thinking ability in solving the problem implications for increasing student competency skills, because any problems found can be resolved properly so that the process and the work of students increased for the better. From these results be obtained conclude the implementation of project based learning models can enhance the problem solving ability and competency skills of students.
Industrial assessment to technical and employability skills students based on KKNI (in Jakarta Region)
Authors: Febriana Rina , Premono Agung , Iriani Tuti
Published: January 2018

This study aims to determine the industrial assessment of technical and employability skills of students. The research was conducted by using survey method in several industries as the place of the Job Training (PKL) of the students. The research technique used purposive random sampling with respondents in this research consist of 23 industry in Jakarta area. The results of the research are (1) the industrial assessment of the technical skills of the students obtained a score of 73.10 with high interpretation; (2) The industry average rating of employability of students skills is 83.10 with very high interpretation.
ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATORY BEHAVIOUR IN COLLEGE STUDENTS AND ITS EFFECT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: A EX-POST FACTO STUDY
Authors: Ram Chhotu
Published: January 2018

Procrastination is the tendency to delay or completely avoid to responsibilities, decisions, or tasks that need to be done (Tuckman 1989). According to Lay (1986) procrastination means "the putting off of that which is necessary to reach some goal". Solomon and Rothblum (1984) define procrastination as "the act of needlessly delaying tasks to the point of experiencing subjective discomfort'.