bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The legal role of immorality in family property contracts
Authors: Kriston Edit
Published: February 2024

A family property contract is an atypical contract, regulated by family law and contractual legal rules simultaneously. Contractual freedom is an important part of family property relations. Although private autonomy between family members cannot tolerate intervention, there are several situations that make it necessary. The limits of contractual freedom have a complex system in the Civil Code. The reason for that is the protection of legal rules has two directions. On the one hand, it helps family members in a vulnerable situation, and, on the other hand, it protects third parties who have a legal relationship with the family members. Another important reason for this complexity is the connectable nature of legal rules. Property contracts are primarily regulated under family law, secondly under contract law. As a result, we can find limits raised from family law orders, parallel to those, having contractual nature but at the same time adjusting effect to the family relationships. However, the invalidity of these contracts, as an important issue is already a neuralgic point. In cases of family property contracts, the long-term nature and emotional relation among family members make it difficult to use the traditional legal consequences of contract law. Furthermore, it is also complicated to find a perfect solution for legal arguments between parties. This is especially true in the internal/intimate legal relations of the parties, where the basis of accounts is called into question – because the property of parties is always changing –, it is difficult to reconstruct the circumstances at the time of concluding the contract not mentioning occurring temporary changes of property value.Immorality, as a ground for invalidity, has a unique interpretation and adjudication in family property contract because the emotional reason of parties complicates the situation, and it is difficult to track back the root cause or the original motivation, which led family members to accept disadvantageous terms.In my study, I will introduce the Hungarian legal practice and the interpretation of immoral family property contracts.
The invalidity of asset management contracts
Authors: Dúl János
Published: February 2024

The paper addresses the issue of validity and invalidity of the asset management contract of national property. The definition of ‘national property’ covers both state property and municipal property, therefore the asset management contract is regulated by Act CXCVI of 2011 on the national property, Act CVI of 2007 on state property, and Act CLXXXIX of 2011 on Hungary’s local governments. Those must be taken also other legal acts into consideration such as Act V of 2013 on the Civil Code because the above-mentioned legal acts use certain legal terms regulated by the Civil Code. The contract shall be considered asa contract on the borderline of private law and public law; one must pay attention to every aspect of this contract. One aspect of it is the validity and  invalidity of the contract.I will outline the issue of validity primarily along the grounds for invalidity regulated by the Civil Code. However, certain grounds cannot be taken into account. They are, in principle, related to the performance of a public task as the purpose of the asset management contract, or to the subjects of this contract, or the contract is valid due to other special features.
Invalidity rules in the German Civil Code
Authors: De Vries Tina
Published: February 2024

German Law is an example of a Civil law system. A feature of this – probably in Germany in the most abstract system – is the conviction that all possible legal constellations are abstract, sufficient, and regulated by just one law. One would have merely to look into the Official Law Gazette to find for each case the prior regulated rule.Invalidity is mentioned in different sections of the German Civil Code (GCC). The general part of the GCC contains Section 138 which as a general provision applies to all parts of the GCC. S. 138 subs. 1 reads: ‘Ein Rechtsgeschäft, das gegen die guten Sitten verstößt, ist nichtig.’ or in English: ‘A legal transaction which is contrary to public policy is void.’ Other translations for the term ‘gute Sitten’ could be ‘good morals’, ‘public decency’, or ‘common decency’. Thereby the German legal system refuses to recognise immoral transactions via Section 138 GCC and thus the possibility of deriving enforceable legal consequences from an immoral legal transaction. The term ‘gute Sitten’ is a general clause. General clauses in the language of the law are usually understood as specific legal provisions containing various types of terms with flexible/undefined meanings. It means that the text recipient is referred to general assessment criteria of non-legal character – that is to say moral values, political values, or economic values.In older German Courts decisions Section 138 GCC was interpreted in the way that a transaction is contrary to morality if it is ‘contrary to the sense of decency of all fair and just thinkers’. The formulation used by case law in recent times reads: ‘[a] legal transaction is to be judged immoral within the meaning of this provision if it is incompatible with the fundamental values of the legal and moral order according to its overall character, which can be inferred from the summary of its content, motive, and purpose.’ German courts have developed case groups that can be used as a guide in the evaluation of a legal transaction as valid or invalid according to Section 138 GCC. The presentation focuses on the term ‘gute Sitten’ or ‘common decency’ as a gate to bring constitutional values into the sphere of private law. It will also refer to the history of this norm and the legal space it opens for judge-made-law.
The system of grounds for invalidity in Hungarian private law
Authors: Sándor István
Published: February 2024

The study analyses the system of grounds for invalidity that has developed in Hungarian private law. One of the starting points is the distinction between nullity and contestability, which distinguishes, depending on the gravity of the error in the contract, between ipso iure invalidity (nullity) and invalidity, depending on the juridical act of the aggrieved party or person with legal interest. The other systematisation aspect was based on the dogmatic triad of conditions of validity, so it was grouped according to the error of contractual intention, the error in the contractual juridical act, and the error in the intended legal effect. Errors of contractual intention include mistake, mispresentation, and unlawful threats, while errors of the contractual juridical act include formal errors in the contract. Most of the legal facts were included among the errors of the intended legal effect, e.g. a prohibited contract, a contract contrary to good morals, a usurious contract, obvious disproportionality, nullity of transferring title as security, contract terms impairing consumer rights, etc.
Sharenting and Children’s Privacy Protection in International, EU, and Czech Law
Authors: Sehnálek David
Published: February 2024

The digitalization of social relations has brought some new and hitherto unknown phenomena. Real life has been extended, into the world of cyberspace. This world is often referred to as the virtual world, but in reality, by its consequences for our lives and the legal sphere, it is no less real than the physical world. A significant part of family life has been affected by this phenomenon. Photos, videos and other information that used to be available only to immediate family members are now shared publicly on the internet through social networks. Young children are particularly affected, with parents publicly sharing information from their private lives. This practice is referred to as sharenting. As a result of sharenting, children in the Internet environment often effectively lose their status as subjects and become mere objects. This object is then handled by the child’s closest relatives – parents, i.e. the people who should naturally look after and defend the child’s best interests. The problem is that parents are not aware of both the legal framework and the possible factual negative consequences that sharenting can have for a child’s life and childhood. The key question that I seek to answer in this article is to what extent the current legal framework can respond to sharenting. The aim is also to assess to what extent is such sharing information about children legal and where the boundaries of permissible or justifiable disclosure of information about a child on the Internet lie. Finally, the question is also how the child affected by sharing can defend him/herself against its negative consequences. Sharenting is addressed by the EU, international and national law. As far as national law is concerned, in my article I focus primarily on Czech civil and family law. Sharenting concerns the protection of privacy as a fundamental human right, but also freedom of expression, which is why the European Convention and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (international dimension), the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (EU dimension) and the Czech Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms (national constitutional dimension) are explored as well.
Conference Report: International Scientific Conference on ‘Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Constitutional Identity’
Authors: Mádl Miklós Vilmos
Published: February 2024

One of the most significant questions in Europe is constitutional identity. The progression of globalisation and the federalisation of the European Union (EU), hindered sovereignty of the member states. In this climate, the notion of constitutional identity, which is a component of national identity enshrined in constitutions, has become one of the key tools for regaining autonomy. Many conflicting opinions have emerged in the scholarly world regarding the application of constitutional identity. One view is that it is just a vague instrument that aims to obstruct European integration, while another group of experts states that it is the last resort to stop the enforcement of an ideologically filled common identity generated by judicial organs, which is often contrary to national identities. To discuss this topic, a research group titled ‘Constitutional Identity and Relations Between the EU Law and the Domestic Law of the Member States’ was established. The group of renowned experts from France, Germany, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Italy, and the Slovak Republic led by Professor András Zs. Varga conducted structured scientific research using a common questionnaire. The first outcome of their work was the International Scientific Conference on the ‘Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Constitutional Identity’ presented at the Faculty of Law and Political Sciences of the Pázmány Péter Catholic University in Budapest. The event served as an extraordinary opportunity to observe the meaning of constitutional identity in member countries, how it is protected, and the similarities and differences between member states. In this short report, I summarised the fundamental points of each presentation to provide key themes and messages.
Copyright as an Object of Fiduciary Guarantee from the Perspective of Law Number 42 Year 1999 on Fiduciary Guarantee
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia, Siregar Ade Uli Kurniati , Satoto Sukamto ,   Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia, Suryahartati Dwi ,   Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia
Published: February 2024

Law Number 28 Year 2014 on Copyright brings legal reform, especially for holders of rights to Intellectual Property Rights, especially Copyright. Although juridically normative copyright can be used as an object of fiduciary guarantee, it does not necessarily make banks easily provide loans. Because, the arrangement in the Copyright Act, requires further elaboration of implementing regulations related to guarantees for the Bank (as a creditor) to obtain certainty of return of funds that have been loaned to the debtor. The research used is normative juridical legal research that focuses on the review or study of positive law. The research approach is a method or way to conduct a study so that researchers get information from various aspects to find the issues they are looking for answers to. In accordance with the type of research that is normative juridical, then the research approach used in this study is the Legislation Approach, Conceptual Approach, Conceptual Approach and Case Approach. The result of his research is that Copyright as an object of fiduciary security is in accordance with Law No. 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees where Copyright can be encumbered by collateral in the form of fiduciary, but not on the object encumbered by the Copyright, but the economic value attached to the copyright. In addition, the Copyright must first be registered with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights before it can be pledged. This is important because it is proof that the fiduciary is the holder of the Copyright. However, some provisions in the Fiduciary Guarantee Act are difficult to apply to fiduciary guarantees in the form of copyright.
Financial Performance Evaluation of A Bankrupt Bank: The Case of Silicon Valley Bank
Authors:   American University of Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates, Ibrahim Mukdad
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research paper is to evaluate and compare the financial performance of Silicon Valley Bank spanning the two-year period prior to its eventual bankruptcy in March 2023, using financial data derived from the former bank’s annual reports. Comparative financial ratio analysis was conducted pertaining to four groups of financial indicators, profitability, capital structure, liquidity and market performance. The results of this analysis reveal a decline in performance in 2022 in comparison with the 2021 business year. The decline coincided with the public emergence of formidable business and market risks for the bank. This study fills a critical gap in the literature by assessing the connection between firm performance and both accounting & market indicators during a time of heightened financial distress, whereas previous studies tended to take a closer look at the relationship between firm performance and one specific class on financial indicator while neglecting the other, equally important class of indicators.
Subcutaneous Emphysema Following Laser Assisted Dilation of Subglottic Stenosis: A Case Report
Authors:   Mayo Clinic Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, Douglas Rappaport , Sinha Debarshi ,   Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA, Catherine Williams ,   Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Subcutaneous emphysema is characterized by the accumulation of air beneath the dermal layers of the skin. We present a case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the neck, face and arms in a patient who was two days post operative from laser assisted dilation of subglottic stenosis. Materials and Methods: We present a case of subcutaneous emphysema in a patient who presented to the emergency department. As this is a case report, no additional materials or specific methods were required. Case Presentation: A 71-year-old man with history of tracheal stenosis status post laser assisted subglottic dilation presented to the emergency department two days post-operatively for progressively worsening swelling of the face, neck and arms. Physical exam was notable for crepitus of the face, neck and arms. Oropharyngeal exam showed no edema to the posterior oropharynx or tongue. Breathing was non-labored without stridor. Imaging revealed extensive subcutaneous emphysema without any obvious source. The otolaryngology (ENT) service evaluated the patient and admitted him to their service. Initially he was managed conservatively via observation and supportive care however, on day two of hospitalization his respiratory status worsened. He required intubation and tracheal stent placement. The tracheal defect was never found on exploration in the operating room, suggesting the defect was sub-centimeter in size. He was extubated on hospital day four and discharged with a plan to have the tracheal stent in place for three months. Conclusion: Subcutaneous emphysema secondary to a tracheobronchial tree defect is a known complication of laser dilatation of subglottic stenosis. Most cases resolve spontaneously and can be managed conservatively. However, patients require close airway monitoring as some may require emergent airway management. Clinicians should be aware of this complication and subsequent management.
Optimizing Spin-Coat Speed for Fabrication of P3HT: PCBM Solar Cells
Authors:   Department of Physics, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, Singh Nimmi , Kumar Kuldeep ,   Department of Physics, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
Published: February 2024

The effect of spin speed on the orientation of the conjugated polymer chains becomes a matter of concern while fabricating bulk heterojunction devices such as solar cells. The stability and performance strongly depend on the intertwining of the two molecules that form the bulk heterojunctions. In the case of P3HT: PCBM, it is the long chains of P3HT that encompasses the PCBM molecules. This work investigates the fabricating conditions of Poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on the glass substrates in terms of spin coating speeds to obtain favourable geometry of P3HT. For this purpose, three different samples were prepared, keeping spin rate as 6850, 8150 and 9700 rpm, respectively. It was observed that at high spin rates, a large centrifugal force acts upon polymer chains, unfolding them into highly oriented structures. These P3HT chains are free from twists, kinks and are not intermingled. The results of the present work advocate fabricating P3HT: PCBM films at spin speeds less than 6850 rpm.
Role of Emotional Intelligence and Social Skills in Effective Leadership and Teamwork in Indonesia
Authors: Bethari Andini
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate role of emotional intelligence and social skills in effective leadership and teamwork in Indonesia

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings: The role of emotional intelligence (EI) and social skills in effective leadership and teamwork is paramount. Studies have consistently shown that leaders with high EI can build trust, facilitate open communication, and inspire their teams, leading to improved team cohesion and performance. Social skills, including effective communication and collaboration, contribute significantly to a leader's ability to motivate and influence team members positively.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Emotional intelligence (EI) theory, social learning theory & transformational leadership theory may be used to anchor future studies role of emotional intelligence and social skills in effective leadership and teamwork in Indonesia. Organizations should prioritize leadership training programs that focus on enhancing EI and social skills among their leaders. Organizations should include EI and social skills development as integral components of their leadership development policies.
Examining Name Discrimination and its Effects on Ethnic and Racial Minorities Across the Globe
Authors: Babafemi Iyinoluwa , Carmichael Shanique
Published: February 2024

With the increased diversity in America, issues of discrimination and prejudice will begin to arise in different areas of life for racial and ethnic minorities. Racial and Gender discrimination are two examples of commonly discussed discrimination in the workforce and in academic settings; However along with race, name discrimination is just as prevalent but not as widely discussed and dissected as other forms of discrimination. Name discrimination is a subset of Racial discrimination and they both equally go hand in hand. This literature review examines different forms of Name discrimination, how it looks both in American society and across the globe, and how it manifests itself in diverse ways and actively disadvantages Racial and Ethnic Minorities. As there is limited research in this field, this article hopes to give deeper insight and perspective on Name discrimination, what it looks like and how detrimental it is to the lives of racial minorities.
Effects of Black Holes on the Space-Time Continuum
Authors: Fatima Aliza , Kressy Sophia
Published: February 2024

Black holes are one of nature's greatest mysteries. For years, these celestial bodies have evaded scientists due to their intense gravity and extreme density. A specific area of black hole research that is overlooked is how these cosmic bodies affect the space-time continuum. Developing a complete understanding of space-time in and around black holes is essential for future research relating to black holes and combining the two great theories of this generation: general relativity and quantum mechanics. This paper aims to analyze how the space-time continuum is distorted by black holes and explain the applications that space-time around black holes has to modern physics. It first develops an understanding of space-time linkage and curvature through Einstein’s theories of relativity and presents the geometry of space-time as predicted by Minkowski’s equation. When inside a black hole, space and time essentially trade places so that the flow of time causes matter to be drawn within a black hole. As one explores further toward the centre of a black hole, curvature increases until it is predicted by general relativity to reach a gravitational singularity where density becomes infinite, and the laws of space-time break down. In the paper, the discrepancy between general relativity and quantum mechanics is explored through Hawking Radiation and the theoretical singularity at a black hole's centre. A combination of written explanations, math models, and diagrams are used to communicate how the space-time continuum is affected by black holes.
Genre v. BPM in Time Perception
Authors: Fan Melissa , Hartley Travis
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the impact of music on time perception by examining two factors: genre and beats per minute (BPM) of songs. The study explores whether there is a significant difference in time perception when individuals listen to classical music compared to pop music and how varying song speeds affect time perception. Participants from Conestoga High School were selected through a convenience sample during Unity Fair and were asked to estimate when 15 seconds had elapsed while listening to different songs. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in time perception between classical and pop music. However, there was a significant difference in time perception for songs with different BPMs. The study suggests that song speed plays a more substantial role in affecting time perception than genre. Further exploration of music's impact on cognitive functions and time perception in longer intervals is proposed for future research.
Effectiveness of Early Mobilization and Administration of Cork Fish Extract on Wound Healing of Sectio Caesarean Surgery at Noemuti Health Center
Authors: Fitriyaningsih Fitriyaningsih , Sepeh Yandri Ratu , Gudino Isabel De Fatima , Simbolon Meteria
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of early mobilization and administration of cork fish extract on wound healing after Sectio caesarea surgery at Puskesmas Noemuti. The problem faced is the high rate of cesarean delivery in Indonesia which can cause complications such as surgical wound infection and increase maternal and infant mortality. The method used is a type of quasy experimental research with a static group comparison design approach. The results showed that early mobilization and administration of cork fish extract were effective in improving sectio caesarean wound healing. The treatment group given the intervention of early mobilization and administration of cork fish extract had a better level of surgical wound healing compared to the control group which was only given the standard hospital intervention. This study can contribute to improving the quality of health services in Indonesia, especially in the handling of labor through cesarean section.
Особенности изучения предмета микробиологии полости рта студентами–стоматологами
Authors: Сулейманов Сулейман
Published: February 2024

В Бухарском государственном медицинском институте  предмет микробиология полости рта (МПР) преподается студентам 2 курса направления "Стоматология" международного иностранного факультета по совместной обучающей программе (СОП) с медицинскими университетами России. На освоение предмета МПР всего выделено 144 часа. Преподавание МПР осуществляется путем чтения курсов лекций по общей и частной микробиологии, а также МПР и проведения практических занятий. В лекциях преподносится материал по основным темам и разделам предмета, новейшим достижениям и тенденциям развития микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии. В подготовке врача–стоматолога микробиология имеет очень важное значение, причем она ориентированы на подготовку врачей–стоматологов в соответствии квалификационными характеристиками. Для освещения материала мы используем презентационные материалы и мультимедийные средства, что значительно облегчает студентам усвоение материала. На практических занятиях по микробиологии полости рта мы знакомим студентов с микрофлорой полости рта, её составом и характеристикой (микрофлора зубной бляшки, слюны, десневых карманов), методами микробиологического изучения микрофлоры полости рта, гнойно–воспалительными процессами полости рта, обусловленными условно–патогенными грамположительными и грамотрицательными микроорганизмами. Теоретическая подготовка и практические навыки, приобретаемые студентами стоматологического факультета в процессе обучения, ориентированы на конечную цель подготовки врача–стоматолога в соответствии с квалификационными характеристиками.
Туркистонда мактаб ва маориф ишларининг аҳволи (Иномжон Хидиралиевнинг ижтимоий фаолиятига доир)
Authors: Алимов Бахтиёр
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада таниқли давлат ва жамоат арбоби, моҳир дипломат И.Хидиралиевнинг Туркистондаги ижтимоий фаолияти, унинг мактаб ва маориф соҳасини ривожлантириш борасидаги саъй-ҳаракатларининг даврий матбуот саҳифаларида ёритилиши масалаларига эътибор қаратилган.
O‘zbekiston respublikasi markaziy saylov komissiyasining huquqiy holatini takomillashtirish
Authors: Jumaniyazov Sanjarbek , Matyakubov Bekzod , Rahimova Anajon , Jumanazarova Muqaddas
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy saylov komissiyasining huquqiy holatini takomillashtirish masalalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, joriy holat hamda kelajakdagi ko‘zlangan rejalar, saylov komissiyasining qonuniylik prinsipi tahlil etiladi.
Период первоначального накопления научных знаний об антропологическом типе населения Туркестанского края (первые общества)
Authors: Хомиджонова Мафтунахон
Published: February 2024

В статье рассмотрены первые зачатки науки антропологии, её происхождение, как науки в трудах античных философов. Приведены первые антропологические общества, их область исследования, результаты и достижения. Кроме-этого в данной работе автор привел основные результаты некоторых советских антропологов об антропологическом облике населения Туркестана.
ЎзССРда тиббиёт авиацияси тарихи
Authors: Тўхтабаев Аъзамжон
Published: February 2024

Мазкур мақолада 1924-1975 йилларда Ўзбекистон ССРда тиббиёт авиацияси тарихи ёритилган. Унда тиббиёт авиациясининг йўлга қўйилиши, СССРдаги биринчи санитария авиацияси станцияларининг ташкил этилиши, Ўзбекистон ССРда тиббиёт авиациясини фаолияти, мақсад ва вазифалари, тиббиёт авиацияси томонидан амалга оширилган ишлар, фойдаланилган транспортлар бўйича маълумотлар, статистик рақамлар келтирилган.
МДҲ мамлакатларида контрабанда учун жиноий жавобгарликнинг қиёсий-ҳуқуқий таҳлили
Authors: Зуфаров Ахмад
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада МДҲ мамлакатларида контрабанда учун жавобгарлик, хусусан, жиноят объекти ва предмети, объектив томони, жавобгарликни оғирлаштирувчи ҳолатлари ҳамда жазо тури ва миқдори қиёсий-ҳуқуқий жиҳатдан таҳлил қилинган. Шу билан бирга, МДҲ давлатларида контрабанда учун жавобгарликнинг умумий ва фарқли жиҳатлари очиб берилган.
ХХ асрнинг 20–30-йилларида Ўзбекистон маориф тизими тарихига оид манбалар таҳлили
Authors: Эргашева Муҳайёхон
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада барча даврнинг тарихий жараёнини реал ҳолатлар асосида ўрганиш учун ушбу даврга оид манбаларни ўрганиш, маълумотларни таҳлил этиш жараёни ва албатта қиёсий таҳлиллар қилиш тарих фанининг ўрганилиш жараёнига ҳаққоний ёндашув ҳисобланиши, таълим соҳасидаги ислоҳотлар ҳар бир давр учун муҳим масала эканлиги, юртимиз тарихида Россия мустамлакачилик даврининг бошланғич босқичида саводсизликни тугатиш масаласи кенг тарғиб этилиб, асосли қонунлар билан давлат сиёсати даражасига кўтарилганлиги тўғрисида сўз борган ҳамда фикрлар баён этилган.
Sovet hokimiyatining Ikkinchi Jahon Urushidan so‘ng O‘zbekistonda olib borgan iqtisodiy rayonlashtirish siyosati
Authors: Toirova Zamira
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada iqtisodiy rayonlashtirishning sovetcha uslubi bilan barcha rayonlarni mamlakat manfaatlari yo‘lida ixtisoslashuvini ta’minlash, respublikalarning yagona xalq xo‘jaligidagi o‘rni oydinlashtirilgan. Shunindek, mazkur maqola sovet davlatining iqtisodiy siyosati, rayonlashtirish va shu orqali respublika xalq xo‘jaligini mamlakat xalq xo‘jaligi bilan mahkam bog‘lash, uning oqibatlariga oid metodologik-uslubiy yondashuvlar va nazariy xulosalarni takomillashtirishga xizmat qiladi.
“Пахта иши” қатағони даврида навоий областидаги ссср прокуратураси тергов гуруҳининг ноқонуний фаолияти
Authors: Мустафоев Жонибек
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада Навоий вилоятида “Пахта иши” қатағони даврида СССР Прокуратураси тергов гуруҳининг тергов олиб бориш қоидаларига зид равишда  амалга оширган ғайриқоунинй фаолияти ва унинг жамиятнинг ижтимоий-иқтисодий ҳаётига салбий таъсир кўрсатиб, оғир фожиали оқибатларни келтириб чиқарганлиги ҳақида маълумот берилади. Навоий областидаги СССР Прокуратураси тергов гуруҳининг ноқонуний фаолияти архив материаллари, қатағон қурбонларининг хотиралари ва бошқа манбалар асосида илмий жиҳатдан таҳлил қилинган.
Конфискация и реквизиция в уголовном процессе
Authors: Худайбергенов Бахрам
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются актуальные проблемы уголовно-процессуального права, касающихся вопроса конфискации и реквизиции. Изъятие имущества как принудительная реакция государства на действия участников правовых отношений регулируется нормами различных отраслей права, как уголовного, гражданского, административного и земельного. Разновидность регулятивных норм свидетельствует о необходимости проведения межотраслевого исследования соответствия, используемых в нормативно-правовых актах понятий и оснований применения конфискации и реквизиции.
Ички ишлар органларида кадрлар тайёрлашнинг ҳуқуқий ва ташкилий асослари – муаммо ва ечимлар
Authors: Кулматов Шароф , Жуманов Тўлқин
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикаси ички ишлар органлари учун кадрларни танлаш, уларни етук малакали мутахассис сифатида тайёрлаш ва муносиб ўринларга жойлаштиришнинг ташкилий-ҳуқуқий муаммолари таҳлил этилган ва уларнинг ечими билан боғлиқ таклиф ва тавсиялар ишлаб чиқилган.
Profеssional ta’limi tizimida zamonaviy ta’lim vositalari imkoniyatlaridan foydalanishning pedagogik jihatlari
Authors: Pirmatov Barkamoljon
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada professional ta’lim jarayonida zamonaviy ta’lim vositalari imkoniyatlaridan foydalanishning pedagogik jihatlari bayon etilgan. Shuningdek, zamonaviy ta’lim vositalarining professional ta’lim jarayonidagi o‘rni va ahamiyati yoritib berilgan. Zamonaviy ta’lim vositalari samaradorligini ta’minlaydigan didaktik tamoyillar tahlil qilingan. Jumladan, mavjudlik, ilmiylik, tasviriylik, onglilik va ijodiy faollik, tizimlilik, ta’limni hayot va amaliyot bilan bog‘lash, bilimlarni o‘zlashtirishning mustahkamligi va o‘quvchilarning kognitiv kuchlarini rivojlantirish kabi tamoyillar keltirib o‘tilgan.
Psixologik va pedagogik adabiyotlarda talabalarning mustaqil ta`lim faoliyatini rivojlantirish
Authors: Iminaxunova Iroda
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada mustaqil ta`lim talabalarning nazariy bilimlarini mustahkamlashga mavzularni tushunishga qobiliyatini maksimal darajada rivojlanishiga, umumiy dunyoqarashlini kengaytirishga yordam beradi. Mutaxassislar tayyorlash tizimini tubdan qayta qurishda, o`quv-tarbiya jarayonining ahamiyatini oshirishda talabalarning mustaqil ishlari muhim o`rin egallaydi. Tahlillar shuni ko`rsatadiki, mustaqil ishlar deganda shunday o`quv faoliyati tushuniladiki, unda bilimlar egallanishi bilan birga, ko`nikmalar shakllantirish ham mustaqil tashkil etilishi ta`minlanishi haqida aytib o`tilgan. Bu esa amaliyotda xususiy didaktik maqsadiarga bog`liq ravishda amalga oshadi.
Защита культурных ценностей в международном культурном праве: международно-правовой режим и нормативные дефиниции
Authors: Файзуллаева Нигорахон
Published: February 2024

В настоящей статье исследованы отдельные вопросы касательно защиты культурных ценностей, а именно, имеющиеся научные и нормативные дефиниции «культурных ценностей», «культурного наследия» и «культурного достояния», соотношение имеющихся дефиниций в различных международно-правовых актах, а также существующий международно-правовой режим защиты культурных ценностей. В статье раскрыты особенности существующих методологических подходов к охране культурных ценностей и даны ряд предложений, включая основных направлений трансформации концепции всемирного культурного наследия народов в национальное законодательство Республики Узбекистан.
Способы совершения мошенничества в сети Интернет
Authors: Топилдиева Дилрабо
Published: February 2024

В статье раскрыта одна из самых актуальных проблем современности как мошенничество, совершаемое в сети интернет и способы его совершения. А также рассмотрены виды мошенничества, которые обычно применяются при совершении данного преступления и вид, как онлайн-игровое мошенничество, которое за последние 5-6 лет значительно выросла в связи с ростом аудитории данного вида развлечений.
Manipulating the Past: Antiquarian Comments in Cicero’s De Haruspicum responso
Authors: ARAMPAPASLIS Konstantinos
Published: February 2024

This article identifies antiquarian excerpts in De Haruspicum responso and discusses their function
with respect to Cicero’s argumentation. The arrangement of the material by subject aptly illustrates how
thematically connected passages can serve multiple purposes within individual arguments. The analysis of each
passage reveals Cicero’s manipulation of antiquarian information with the intention of tarnishing Clodius’ image or
extoling himself and the senate. Through the implicit comparison with the actions and customs of the ancestors, the
orator further achieves a broader goal, i.e. to sketch his opponent as a public enemy and himself as a statesman in
defense of the respublica. All these excerpts gradually serve the main purpose of successfully elevating his personal
case into a matter of state significance.
VALOR AGREGADO EM SISTEMAS AGROINDUSTRIAIS FAMILIARES ECOLÓGICOS E NÃO ECOLÓGICOS (SAFS): UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO/Value added in ecological and non-ecological Family Agroindustrial Systems (SAFs): a comparative study
Authors: Demetrio Milena , Gazolla Marcio , Fantin Leidiane Maria
Published: February 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é comparar o valor agregado alimentar gerado por Sistemas Agroindustriais Familiares (SAFs) ecológicos e não ecológicas. Baseando-se no método de avaliação econômico-financeira do valor agregado foram levantados dados de 24 SAFs, sendo 12 ecológicos e 12 não ecológicos, nos anos de 2020 e 2021, na região Sudoeste do Paraná. Os resultados evidenciam maiores valores agregados brutos e líquidos dos SAFs ecológicos em relação aos seus co-irmãos não ecológicos, devido estes últimos possuírem maiores custos com uso de insumos, tecnologias, máquinas e equipamentos modernizados. Já a renda agroindustrial mostrou-se levemente maior nos SAFs não ecológicos do que nos ecológicos, pois os segundos, dividem maiores graus de sua riqueza gerada com outros atores e a economia regional, gerando movimentação nos mercados locais e no chamado efeito multiplicador da economia regional.
Abstract: This study compares the food value added by ecological and non-ecological Family Agroindustrial Systems (SAFs). Based on the economic-financial value-added assessment method, data from 24 SAFs were collected, comprising 12 ecological and 12 non-ecological ones, for 2020 and 2021 in the Southwest region of Paraná. The results highlight higher gross and net value added by ecological SAFs compared to their non-ecological counterparts. The latter incurs higher costs for inputs, technology, and modernized machinery and equipment. On the other hand, agroindustrial income was slightly higher in non-ecological SAFs than in ecological ones, as the latter distribute their generated wealth to a greater extent among other stakeholders and the regional economy, thereby stimulating activity in local markets and the so-called regional economic multiplier effect.
A Environmental Monitoring System Empowering Users to Enhance Air Quality using Smart Sensing
Authors: Wang Siying , Zhang Yujia
Published: February 2024

This paper addresses the critical need for real-time air quality monitoring through the development and implementation of the Air Pendent app and device [4]. Recognizing the escalating concerns surrounding carbon dioxide emissions, climate change, and indoor air quality, our solution integrates cutting-edge technology to empower users with immediate, personalized insights into their surroundings [5]. The challenges of interoperability, sensor accuracy, and community engagement were systematically addressed through experiments involving ten diverse participants. Results revealed high user satisfaction, consistent sensor accuracy, and varying community participation rates. While optimization for Android devices and cross-platform performance enhancements are recommended, the Air Pendent project emerges as a promising tool for fostering environmental awareness and community-driven solutions [6]. This comprehensive and user-centric approach provides a tangible means for individuals to actively engage with and positively impact their immediate environment, positioning the solution as an essential tool for a sustainable future [7].
An Integrated Implementation System on SME
Authors: Farhan Ali
Published: February 2024

This case study-based research with an action research approach aims to explain the implementation process of the online-based information system, Accurate Online for SMEs, Karnevor.id. The results of this research show that the motivation for the desire to implement the program is; the need for valid financial reports, the need for integrated business information, and easy reporting flexibility. Retention encountered in the implementation process; user awareness about the benefits of the system, user understanding of the system mechanism.
The Evolution of the HVAC Industry Through the Lenses of Current Crisis
Authors: STAVER Valentin , STAVER Liliana , DODU-GUGEA Larisa
Published: February 2024

This study delves into the effects of ongoing crises, notably climate change and evolving energy policies, on the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) sector. Amidst a worldwide surge in awareness regarding climate issues and amplified endeavors to curb greenhouse gas emissions, the HVAC industry confronts notable challenges.
Local Approach to Forecasting Household Gas Consumption in Poland: A Comparison of ARIMA and ETS with Fuzzy Methods
Authors: GAWEL Bartłomiej
Published: February 2024

In this study, the objective was to determine which forecasting approach, either fuzzy or statistical, is more effective for predicting household gas usage in Poland at the commune level. The data utilized were sourced from various geographical areas within Poland. Those dataset are characterized by short length of single time series.
Acid Base Global - An Escape Room to Teach the Chemistry of Acids and Bases
Authors: Lathwesen Chantal , Belova Nadja
Published: February 2024

In recent years the popularity of educational escape rooms increased. To escape as fast as possible, learners must solve different puzzles in a collaborative manner. The puzzle structure is reminiscent of problem- or inquiry-based learning. Therefore, educational escape rooms are particularly suitable for science education. This paper describes the development and first evaluation of an educational escape room for the chemistry classroom called Acid Base Global. Acid Base Global deals with typical acid-bases reactions, neutralization, chemical formulas, the pH-value, identification of acids, bases and ampholytes as well as the Brønsted-Lowry-theory. It can be used to review and consolidate content knowledge and to diagnose learning difficulties. Acid Base Global was first implemented in an upper secondary chemistry course consisting of 16 students. A questionnaire containing six open questions and 16 Likert items was used for evaluation. All groups were able to escape within the given time limit, although the format was challenging for the students. Overall, learners were interested in the game concept and found it to be a fun approach to repeat and apply their chemical knowledge in a different way.
ANALISIS POSTUR KERJA DENGAN METODE WORKPLACE ERGONOMIC RISK ASSESMENT PADA OPERATOR MESIN BUBUT MANUAL PADA PT YOGYA PRESISI TEHNIKATAMA INDUSTRI
Authors: Ferida Yuamita  , Putri Rismantia
Published: February 2024

PT Yogya Presisi Tehnikatama Industri is a company engaged in manufacturing such as making molds, industrial machinery spare parts, automotive and plastic injection. The problem that occurs in this company is that there is activity on the lathe operator that has the potential to cause fatigue and pain complaints such as Musculoskeletal Disorders in workers, the results of filling out the NBM Questionnaire found that there were complaints on the back with a percentage of 56.25%, right forearm 62.5 %, 56.25% left thigh, 50% left knee, 50% right thigh, 68.78% right calf, 87.5% right ankle, and 87.5% right foot. So companies need to do an analysis related to posture of workers. One technique or method that can analyze work posture is the WERA (workplace ergonomic risk assessment) method.As for based on the analysis, the suggestions for improvement given are that the shoulders form a moderate position of less than 60o with more pauses, the wrists form an angle of less than 50° with repetitions of 0 to 10 times per minute, on the neck in a position of 10°-20° with movement increased pause. On the operator's back with a position of 0°-20° with 4-8 repetitions per minute, on the leg factor in a normal upright position, with a duration of less than 4 hours, on the contact stress factor the suggestion given is to improve the posture on the worker's wrist earlier. If it's more than 50o, it's best if the wrist posture is less than 50o. Meanwhile, from the results of data processing, a comparison of the final working posture scores obtained in the posture before the proposal was 39 for facing activities, and 38 for drilling and drilling activities included in the MEDIUM category. While the WERA score after the proposal is 26, which is included in the LOW category.
The Analisa Persediaan Bahan Baku Menggunakan Metode Continuous Review System dan Periodic Review System di PT XYZ
Authors: Hafizh Muhammad Hafizh Alim , Suseno
Published: February 2024

PT XYZ merupakan industri manufaktur pengolahan kayu lapis (plywood). Plywood merupakan produk yang paling banyak permintaan setiap bulannya. Bahan baku utama plywood yaitu kayu sengon, kayu meranti dan veneer. Dalam mengelola persediaan bahan baku, perusahaan setiap bulan selalu mengalami overstock bahan baku kayu sengon. Sehingga akan mengakibatkan penumpukan bahan baku dan tingginya biaya persediaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan persediaan bahan baku dan membandingkan total biaya persediaan bahan baku plywood menggunakan metode continuous review system dan periodic review system sehingga diperoleh biaya yang paling minimal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa total biaya persediaan yang paling minimal yaitu menggunakan metode continuous review system sebesar Rp. 12.907.016.112 lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya dengan persentase penghematan/penurunan sebesar 2,77% dan memiliki perencanaan optimal untuk bahan baku kayu sengon ukuran pemesanan (q) sebanyak 2545,862 m3 dan titik pemesanan kembali (r) yaitu 457,366 m3, kayu meranti ukuran pemesanan (q) sebanyak 342,843 m3 dan titik pemesanan kembali (r) yaitu 22,476 m3, dan veneer ukuran pemesanan (q) sebanyak 260,295 m3 dan titik pemesanan kembali (r) yaitu 13,712 m3.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI MOBILE PENDETEKSI POTENSI KANKER PAYUDARA STADIUM AWAL DENGAN METODE SISTEM PAKAR
Authors: Dinimaharawati Ashri , Fadly Aditya Putra  , Budhi Irawan  , Labibah Anastuzahra Permanasari  , Rosita Herdianty Putri
Published: February 2024

Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab utama kematian yang pada umumnya terjadi pada wanita. Kanker payudara merupakan kanker yang paling banyak di derita masyarakat Indonesia sekaligus kanker yang paling banyak mengakibatkan kematian. Kasus-kasus baru kanker payudara 70% didominasi dengan kanker payudara yang sudah pada stadium lanjut. Metode Variable-Centered Intelligent Rule System (VCIRS) merupakan sistem pakar yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dalam pendeteksi gejala awal kanker payudara. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah diperoleh, aplikasi mobile dirancang untuk digunakan sebagai prediksi penyakit kanker payudara dengan stadium awal. Aplikasi tersebut melakukan pemindaian atau melakukan input mammografi dengan fitur image processing dan perhitungan sistem pakar sesuai dengan jawaban pengguna berdasarkan gejala yang timbul. Berdasarkan pengujian accuracy, precision, dan recall pada sistem pakar memperoleh hasil 100%. Sedangkan berdasarkan uji alpha, semua fitur dapat berjalan dengan baik.
PROTOTYPE OF ARDUINO-BASED WATER LEVEL DETECTOR WITH ULTRASONIC SENSOR
Authors: Yanel Karnova
Published: February 2024

Most of the water can be found in the sea (salt water) and in the ice caps (at the poles and on the tops of mountains). Apart from that, water can also be found in clouds, rain, rivers, surface fresh water, lakes, water vapor, and sea ice. The water in these objects moves according to a water cycle, namely: through evaporation, rain, and the flow of water over the ground surface (runoff, including springs, rivers, estuaries) towards the sea. Floods are natural disaster events that occur when an excessive flow of water submerges land. Floods can occur within minutes or over a long period of time, and can last days, weeks, or longer. Floods are the most common and widespread of all weather-related natural disasters. The tool can function properly. The height can be set to be displayed with an LED light display. Can be applied to the floodgates to activate the motor driving the floodgates so that the water level through the floodgates can be adjusted in such a way.