bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Symptomatic remission in schizophrenia affects employment outcomes; Instrumental activity of daily living is a determinant for non-remitted patients
Authors: Wang San-Ping , Wang Jung-Der , Chang Jer-Hao , Wu Bo-Jian , Wang Tso-Jen , Sun Hsiao-Ju
Published: March 2020

Background: Remission criteria were proposed by Andreasen for classifying patients with schizophrenia according to the severity of psychopathology. Up to the present time, there have been no cohort studies exploring the association between remission status and employment outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. The study aimed to explore whether symptomatic remission is significantly associated with employment outcomes in a two-year longitudinal study, and to investigate factors associated with favorable employment outcomes for patients without symptomatic remission at baseline.Methods: All of 525 stable patients with schizophrenia in the therapeutic community of a public mental hospital between 2013 and 2015 in Taiwan were recruited. Employment outcomes, defined as the cumulative on-the-job duration (months/per year) and income (new Taiwan dollars, NT$/per year), were investigated at the end of 1- and 2-year follow-up after enrollment. For repeated measurements, linear mixed models were constructed to examine the association between symptomatic remission and employment outcomes after controlling for potential confounding variables including age, sex, education, type and daily dose of antipsychotics, cognitive function, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and initial employment type.Results: The average age was 51.8 years, and 65.3% were males. Among them, 124 patients (23.6%, 124/525) met the remission criteria at baseline. The linear mixed-model analysis showed that patients who had symptomatic remission were employed 0.69 of a month longer ( p = 0.04) and earned NT$2,490 more ( p = 0.03) within 1 year than did those who did not show symptomatic remission. For finding factors related to employment outcomes in patients without remission, initial IADL scores were significantly associated with both outcomes (B = 0.089, p = 0.001 and B =153, p = 0.003 for cumulative duration and income).Conclusion: Our study suggests that assessing symptomatic remission is an useful part of monitoring treatment effectiveness for schizophrenia, and all strategies targeting the bio-psycho-social domains to attain symptomatic remission are paramount to maintain favorable employment outcomes. To enhance the level of instrumental daily activities is an important issue for schizophrenia patients to return to the community with promising employment outcomes.
Anxiety Disorders and PTSD in Palestine: A systematic review
Authors: Marie Mohammad Mohammad-Zeyad , SaadAdeen Sana Asad Mohammad , Battat Maher Mohammad Khalil
Published: March 2020

Background The WHO reports that anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders worldwide. Most people who experience such events recover from them, but people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) continue to be severely depressed and anxious for months or even years following the event. Palestinians are especially at a higher risk for developing anxiety disorders and PTSD due to their chronic exposure to political violence, prolonged displacement, and others as a limited professional, educational, financial opportunities, and mental health services. This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the literature and established studies concerning Anxiety disorders besides PTSD in Palestine.Methods PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar was used to search for materials, for the critical analysis of empirical articles, the following aspects were considered: study type, sample, and the key findings. Results Twenty-four studies from Palestine (West Bank and Gaza) were included in this review. Five studies related to children, five related to Adolescent, three related to women, three related to physical diseased and four related to gender and age differences.Results showed that anxiety disorders and PTSD were one of the most common mental disorders in Palestine. Anxiety and PTSD develop from a complex set of risk factors, including genetics, personality, and life events. They are highly associated with poor quality of life and disability. The results indicate that a significant proportion of Palestinian experiencing serious psychological distress especially anxiety and PTSD. Therefore, a mental health policy for Palestinians must deal with several challenges. Distinct barriers including inconsistent availability of medications, absence of multidisciplinary teamwork, insufficient specialists, fragmented mental health system, and occupation need to be addressed.Conclusion As a primary prevention, the occupation should be considered as a main source of the anxiety and other mental health disorders in Palestine. Besides, there is a need to implement mental health care system through the multidisciplinary work and raising awareness regarding prevalent of mental disorders.
Interaction between lead and noradrenergic genotypes affects neurocognitive functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case control study
Authors: Choi Jae-Won , Jung A-Hyun , Nam Sojeong , Kim Kyoung Min , Kim Jun Won , Kim Soo Yeon , Kim Jae-Won , Kim Bung-Nyun
Published: March 2020

Background We aimed to evaluate neurocognitive functions associated with blood lead levels and their relationship with the interactions between lead and dopaminergic or noradrenergic genotypes in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods A total of 267 youths with ADHD and 101 healthy controls (aged 5 to 18 years) participated in this study. A semi-structured interview, the Korean Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia–Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL), was conducted for psychiatric diagnostic evaluation. Blood lead levels were measured, and their interaction with dopaminergic or noradrenergic genotypes for ADHD, namely dopamine transporter (DAT1), dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4), and alpha-2A-adrenergic receptor (ADRA2A) genotypes were investigated. All participants were assessed using the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS). Participants also completed the continuous performance test (CPT) and Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT). Analysis of covariance was used for comparison of blood lead levels between ADHD and control groups. A multivariable linear regression model was used to evaluate the associations of blood lead levels with the results of ADHD-RS, CPT, and SCWT; adjusted for intelligence quotient (IQ), age, and sex. Path analysis model was used to identify mediating effects of neurocognitive functions on blood lead levels and ADHD symptoms.Results There was a significant difference in blood lead levels between the ADHD and control groups (1.4±0.5 vs. 1.3±0.5 µg/dL, p=0.004). Blood lead levels showed a positive correlation with scores on omission errors of CPT (r=0.16, p=0.01) and on the hyperactivity-impulsivity subscale of ADHD-RS (r=0.14, p=0.03). In the multivariable linear regression model, blood lead levels were associated with CPT omission errors (B=0.14, p=0.02). Regarding the effects of lead on ADHD symptoms, hyperactivity-impulsivity was mediated by omission errors of CPT. An interaction effect was detected between ADRA2A genotype and lead levels on omission errors (B=0.12, p=0.04).Conclusions Our results indicate that neurocognitive functions at least partly mediate the association between blood lead levels and ADHD symptoms, and that neurocognitive functions are affected by the interaction between blood lead levels and noradrenergic genotype.
Changes in community mental health services availability and suicide mortality in the US: A retrospective study
Authors: Hung Peiyin , Busch Susan , Shih Yi-Wen , McGregor Alecia , Wang Shi-Yi
Published: March 2020

Background: Despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of mental health services are delivered in outpatient settings, the effect of changes in non-hospital-based mental health care on increased suicide rates is largely unknown. This study examines the association between changes in community mental health center (CMHC) supply and suicide mortality in the United States. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed using data from National Mental Health Services Survey (N-MHSS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) (2014-2017). Population-weighted multiple linear regressions were used to examine within-state associations between CMHCs per capita and suicide mortality. Models controlled for state-level characteristics (i.e., number of hospital psychiatric units per capita, number of mental health professionals per capita, age, race, and percent low-income), year and state. Results: From 2014 to 2017, the number of CMHCs decreased by 14% nationally (from 3,406 to 2,920). Suicide increased by 9.7% (from 15.4 to 16.9 per 100,000) in the same time period. We find a small but negative association between the number of CMHCs and suicide deaths (-0.52, 95% CI -1.08 to 0.03; p=0.066). Declines in the number of CMHCs from 2014 to 2017 may be associated with approximately 6% of the national increase in suicide, representing 263 additional suicide deaths. Conclusions: State governments should avoid the declining number of CMHCs and the services these facilities provide, which may be an important component of suicide prevention efforts. Keywords: Suicide, Deinstitutionalization, Access to mental health care, Community mental health
Tablet vs book learning: Impact on memory, attention and learning skills
Authors: Tawil Jessika , Haddad Chadia , Farchakh Youssef , Sacre Hala , Nabout Rita , Obeid Sahar , Salameh Pascale , Hallit Souheil
Published: March 2020

Objectives : Textbooks are the major source of instruction, yet many Lebanese schools have partially introduced electronic devices, and have discreetly started to rely on them. Given the reported discrepancies between textbooks and tablets learning in international literature, it is essential to conduct a Lebanese study that compares both entities. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to assess the impact of tablet use at school on memory, attention and learning abilities among Lebanese children. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted between January and May 2019, enrolled 566 students aged of 11-13 years. Three schools were chosen conveniently for this study, one of them uses the Tablet and text books for students’ learning whereas the second one uses text books exclusively. Students were randomly chosen from the list given by the school administration. Results : Textbook learning was significantly associated with lower episodic memory score (better episodic memory) and lower visual memory score (better visual memory), lower attention score (better attention), lower processing speed score (better processing speed), lower mathematic skills score (better mathematic skills) compared to tablets and textbook learning. Conclusion : Learning is evolving to another level and forever changing. Many studies should be conducted in order to understand the importance of merging new and old techniques to ensure that the next generations are receiving what can positively affect their cognitive skills and their performance.
Reliability, validity and cut-off score of the Chinese version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale Self-Report form in patients with panic disorder
Authors: Liu Xitong , Xu Tingting , Chen Dandan , Yang Chen , Wang Pei , Huang Xiao , Cheng Wenhong , Shen Yuan , Liu Qiang , Wang Zhen
Published: March 2020

Background Panic disorder (PD) is often undiagnosed, misdiagnosed, or untreated in non-psychiatric clinical settings. Therefore, a cost-effective, accurate and easy-to-administer instrument for PD assessment is still needed. For that reason, the self-report version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS-SR) has been developed and suggested to be a reliable and useful tool in clinical and research settings. The current study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the PDSS-SR and determine the cut-off score of the PDSS-SR. Methods A total of 133 patients with PD in Shanghai were assessed by the PDSS-SR, PDSS and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA). Moreover, 117 patients with non-PD anxiety and 51 healthy subjects also completed the PDSS-SR to construct a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with the scores of PD patients. Results The internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) of the PDSS-SR was 0.72-0.80, and the interrater correlation coefficient was 0.78. The results of principal component analysis and varimax rotation indicated that the PDSS-SR had a two-factor structure, with all seven items having salient loadings. The cut-off score was 4, which was associated with high sensitivity (96.03%) and specificity (61.31%). Conclusions The findings demonstrate that these items and the total score of the PDSS-SR have acceptable reliability and validity in patients with PD and that the PDSS-SR can be used by general doctors for clinical screening in China.
Thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) gene-modified bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) promote the effect of therapeutic angiogenesis in critical limb ischemia (CLI) of diabetic rats
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wang Tao , Wu Xiangfeng , Wang Ying , Wu Xuanqin , Zhou Meiling , Li Zhu , Liu Bing , Zheng Feng , Sun Xizhuo , Liu Tao
Published: March 2020

Background Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the leading cause of lower limb amputation. Traditional treatments for CLI have limitations. Studies have shown that thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) can promote the growth of neovascularization. In this study, we observed the angiogenesis efficiency of TSP4-overexpressing BMSC transplantation in CLI treatment. Methods The recombinant FT106-tsp4-gfp lentiviral vector plasmid was constructed and transfected into 293FT cells. Primary BMSCs were successfully infected with the tsp4 virus, and TSP4 overexpression was confirmed before TSP4-BMSCs infusion. In vitro, TSP4-BMSCs were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) secretion were measured in the co-culture supernatants by ELISA. The effect of TSP4-BMSCs on endothelial cell proliferation and migration was detected. Meanwhile, the effects of TSP4-BMSC on the angiogenesis of endothelial cells were tested by tube formation experiment and arterial ring test. In vivo, a rat CLI model was established, and 60 CLI rats were randomly divided into the CLI, BMSC + CLI and TSP4-BMSC + CLI groups. The effect of TSP4-BMSC on angiogenesis was detected by the motor function, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining assays. Neovascular density was detected by digital substraction angiography (DSA). Results Our results demonstrated that TSP4-BMSCs obviously increased TSP4, VEGF, Ang-1, MMP9, MMP2 and p-Cdc42/Rac1 expression in endothelial cells. TSP4-BMSCs treatment notably upregulated the TGF-β/smad2/3 signal pathway in HUVECs. In vivo, TSP4-BMSCs improved the motor function score of the CLI rats and increased MMP2, MMP9, Ang-1, VEGF and vWF protein expression in tissue of the ischaemic area. Meanwhile, new blood vessels can be observed around the ischemic area after TSP4-BMSCs treatment. Conclusions Our data illustrate that TSP4-BMSCs can promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation and the recovery of motor function in diabetic hind limb ischaemic rats. TSP4-BMSCs have better therapeutic effects than BMSCs.
Longitudinal changes in EEG power, sleep cycles and behaviour in a tau model of neurodegeneration.
Authors: Holton Christopher , Hanley Nicola , Shanks Elaine , Oxley Penny , McCarthy Andrew , Eastwood Brian J. , Murray Tracey K. , Nickerson Aidan , Wafford Keith A.
Published: March 2020

Disturbed sleep is associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. The progressive sequence of how neurodegeneration affects aspects of sleep architecture in conjunction with behavioural changes is not well understood. We investigated changes in sleep architecture, spectral power and circadian rhythmicity in the tet-off rTg4510 mouse overexpressing human P301L tau within the same subject over time. Doxycycline-induced transgene-suppressed rTg4510 mice, tTa carriers and wild-type mice were used as comparators. Using EEG electrodes, spectral power and sleep stages were measured from within the home cage environment. In addition, locomotor activity and performance during a T-maze task were measured. Spectral power, primarily in the NREM delta band, showed a time-dependent decrease in rTg4510 mice compared to all other groups. After the initial changes in spectral power, wake during the dark period increased whereas NREM and number of REM sleep bouts decreased in rTg4510 compared to wild-type mice. Home cage locomotor activity significantly increased in rTg4510 compared to wild-type mice by 40 weeks of age. Peak-to-peak circadian rhythm amplitude and performance in the T-maze was impaired throughout the experiment independent of time. At 46 weeks brain histopathological changes were measured in all animals demonstrating significant degeneration in hippocampus and cortex, and protection with doxycycline. Pathology significantly correlated with sleep outcomes, in addition to locomotor and cognitive measures. In conclusion, we show that reduced EEG slow wave activity precedes reductions in sleep and home-cage locomotor activity in a mouse model of tauopathy. The data shows increasing mutant tau changes sleep architecture, EEG properties, behavior and cognition; which suggest tau related effects on sleep architecture in AD patients.
25-Hydroxycholesterol amplifies microglial IL-1β production in an apoE isoform-dependent manner
Authors: Wong Man Ying , Lewis Michael , Doherty James J , Shi Yang , Cashikar Anil G , Amelianchik Anna , Tymchuk Svitlana , Sullivan Patrick M. , Qian Mingxing , Covey Douglas F. , Petsko Gregory A. , Holtzman David M. , Paul Steven M. , Luo Wenjie
Published: March 2020

Background : Genome-wide association studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have implicated pathways related to lipid homeostasis and innate immunity in AD pathophysiology. However, the exact cellular and chemical mediators of neuroinflammation in AD remain poorly understood. The oxysterol 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) is an important immunomodulator produced by peripheral macrophages with wide-ranging effects on cell signaling and innate immunity. Genetic variants of the enzyme responsible for 25-HC production, cholesterol 25‑hydroxylase (CH25H), have been found to be associated with AD. Methods: We used real time-PCR and immunoblotting to examine CH25H expression in human AD brain tissue and in transgenic mouse brain tissue bearing amyloid-β plaques or tau pathology. The innate immune response of primary mouse microglia under different treatment condition or bearing different genetic backgrounds was analyzed using ELISA, western blotting or immunocytochemistry. Results : We found that CH25H expression is upregulated in human AD brain tissue and in transgenic mouse brain tissue bearing amyloid-β plaques or tau pathology. Treatment with the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) markedly upregulates CH25H expression in the mouse brain and stimulates CH25H expression and 25-HC secretion in mouse primary microglia. We found that LPS-induced microglial production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β is markedly potentiated by 25-HC and attenuated by deletion of CH25H. Microglia expressing apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4), a genetic risk factor for AD, produce greater amounts of 25-HC than apoE3-expressing microglia following treatment with LPS. Remarkably, 25-HC treatment results in a greater level of IL-1β secretion in LPS-activated apoE4-expressing microglia than in apoE2- or apoE3-expressing microglia. Blocking potassium efflux or inhibiting caspase-1 prevents 25-HC-potentiated IL-1β release in apoE4-expressing microglia, indicating the involvement of caspase-1/NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Conclusion : 25-HC may function as a microglial secreted inflammatory mediator in brain, promoting IL-1β-mediated neuroinflammation in an apoE isoform-dependent manner (E4>>E2/E3) and thus may be an important mediator of neuroinflammation in AD.
Digital versus analogue chest drainage system in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mooren Kris , Ruigrok Dieuwertje , Kunst Peter W.A. , Blacha Marielle M.J. , Tomlow Ben , Herbrink Jacobine W. , Japenga Eva J. , Boersma Wim , Bresser Paul , Lee Ivo van der
Published: March 2020

Background Patients with a primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) who are treated with chest tube drainage are traditionally connected to an analogue chest drainage system, containing a water seal and using a visual method of monitoring air leakage. Electronic systems with continuous digital monitoring of air leakage provide better insight into actual air leakage and changes in leakage over time, which may lead to a shorter length of hospital stay. Aim and methods We performed a randomized controlled trial comparing the digital with analogue system, with the aim of demonstrating that use of a digital drainage system in PSP leads to a shorter hospital stay. Results In 102 patients enrolled with PSP we found no differences in total duration of chest tube drainage and hospital stay between the groups. However, in a post-hoc analysis, excluding 19 patients needing surgery due to prolonged air leakage, hospital stay was significantly shorter in the digital group (median 1 days, IQR 1-5 days) compared to the analogue group (median 3 days, IQR 2-5 days) (p 0.014). Treatment failure occurred in 3 patients in both groups; the rate of recurrence within 12 weeks was not significantly different between groups (16% in the digital group versus 8% in the analogue group, p 0.339). Conclusion Length of hospital stay was not shorter in patients with PSP when applying a digital drainage system compared to an analogue drainage system. However, in the large subgroup of uncomplicated PSP, a significant reduction in duration of drainage and hospital stay was demonstrated with digital drainage. These findings suggests that digital drainage may be a practical alternative to manual aspiration in the management of PSP. Trial registration: https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/4022. Registered 22 September 2013 - Retrospectively registered, Trial NL4022 (NTR4195)
Combined Signaling of NF-kappaB and IL-17 Contributes to Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Mediated Protection for Paraquat-induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Zhang Lichun , wang Yu , Shen Haitao , Zhao Min
Published: March 2020

Background: Paraquat (PQ) is a widely used herbicide and it can cause pulmonary toxicity and even acute lung injury. Treatment for PQ poisoning in a timely manner is still a challenge for clinicians. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has hold much potentials for the treatment of several diseases including PQ poisoning. The aim of this study is to examine the mechanisms that MSCs mediate for the protective role in PQ poisoning.Methods: Here we performed the whole genome sequencing and compared the genes or pathways in lungs that were altered by PQ or PQ together with transplanted MSCs.Results: The comparison in transcriptome identified a combined mitigation in NF-kappaB signaling and IL-17 signaling in MSC transplanted samples.Conclusion: This study not only reiterates the important role of NF-kappaB signaling and IL-17 signaling in the pathogenesis of PQ-induced toxicity, but also provides a molecular basis of MSC administration for the treatment of PQ poisoning.
miR-128-3p enhances the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on acute lung injury in septic mice by targeted inhibition of MAPK14
Authors: Ding Li , Gao Xiang , Yu Shenghui , Sheng Liufang
Published: March 2020

Background: To investigate the role of miR-128-3p and MAPK14 in the dexmedetomidine treatment of acute lung injury in septic mice. Methods: SPF C57BL/6 mice were divided into 8 groups. The pathological changes and wet/dry weight ratio (W/D), PaO 2 , PaCO 2 , MDA, SOD and MPO levels in lung tissue and the serum levels of inflammation factors were observed. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the targeting relationship of miR-128-3p and MAPK14, and qPCR and WB were used to detect the expression of miR-128-3p and MAPK14. Results: Compared with the Normal group, other groups had lower MDA, MPO, inflammatory factors levels and the expression level of MAPK14, while the content of SOD and the expression level of miR-128-3p was significantly decreased (all p < 0.05). Compared with the Model group, the contents of MDA, MPO, inflammatory factors in the DEX group and miR-128-3p mimic group were significantly decreased, and the content SOD was significantly increased, however, opposite results were occurred in oe-MAPK14 group (all p < 0.05). Compared with the DEX group, all the indicators in miR-128-3p mimic+DEX group showed significant improvement (all p < 0.05). Compared with the miR-128-3p mimic group, all the indicators were deteriorated in the miR-128-3p mimic+oe-MAPK14 group (all p < 0.05). The combination of DEX and oe-MAPK14 blocked the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on acute lung injury in septic mice. Conclusion: miR-128-3p can further enhance the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on acute lung injury in septic mice by targeting and inhibiting MAPK14 expression.
Data Driven Decision Making to Characterize Clinical Personas of Parents of Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Szczesniak Rhonda , Pestian Teresa , Duan Leo L , Li Dan , Stamper Sophia , Ferrara Brycen , Kramer Elizabeth , Clancy John P , Grossoehme Daniel
Published: March 2020

Background: Beginning at a young age, children with cystic fibrosis (CF) embark on demanding care regimens that pose challenges to parents. We examined the extent to which clinical, demographic and psychosocial features inform patterns of adherence to pulmonary therapies and how these patterns can be used to develop clinical personas, defined as aspects of adherence barriers that are presented by parents and/or perceived by clinicians, in order to enhance personalized CF care delivery. Methods: We undertook an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study consisting of i) multivariate clustering to create clusters corresponding to parental adherence patterns (quantitative phase); ii) parental participant interviews to create clinical personas interpreted from clustering (qualitative phase). Clinical, demographic and psychosocial features were used in supervised clustering against clinical endpoints, which included adherence to airway clearance and aerosolized medications and self-efficacy score, which was used as a feature for modeling adherence. Clinical implications were developed for each persona by combing quantitative and qualitative data (integration phase). Results: The quantitative phase showed that the 87 parent participants were segmented into three distinct patterns of adherence based on use of aerosolized medication and practice of airway clearance. Patterns were primarily influenced by self-efficacy, distance to CF care center and child BMI percentile. The two key patterns that emerged for the self-efficacy model were most heavily influenced by distance to CF care center and child BMI percentile. Eight clinical personas were developed in the qualitative phase from parent and clinician participant feedback of these models. Findings from the integration phase include recommendations to overcome specific challenges with maintaining treatment regimens and increasing support from social networks. Conclusions: Adherence patterns from multivariate models and resulting parent personas with their corresponding clinical implications have utility as clinical decision support tools and capabilities for tailoring intervention study designs that promote adherence.
Expression of tripartite motif-containing 44 and its prognostic and clinicopathological values in human malignancies: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Guoliang , Yang Qiuxi , Bao Ziwei , Mao Haixia , Zhang Yi , Lin Shibu
Published: March 2020

Background: Previous researches reported that tripartite motif-containing 44 (TRIM44) were related to prognosis in multiple human tumors. This study was designed to systematically assess the prognostic value of TRIM44 in human malignancies and to describe its possible mechanisms of oncogenesis.Methods: available databases worldwide were searched for eligible studies that evaluated the clinicopathological and prognostic roles of TRIM44 in patients with malignancies.The hazard ratio (HR) and combined odds ratios (ORs) were combined to assess the predictive role of TRIM44 using Stata/SE 14.1 software.Results: A total of 1,740 patients from thirteen original studies were included in this study finally. The results of the combined analysis showed that over-expression of TRIM44 was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) in cancer patients (HR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.65–2.83) as well as worse disease-free survival (DFS) (HR= 2.13 (95% CI 1.45 3.11). Additionally, the combined ORs indicated that elevated TRIM44 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR=2.69, 95% CI: 1.71–4.24), distant metastasis (OR=10.35, 95% CI: 1.01-106.24), poor tumor differentiation (OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.03–3.09), high depth of tumor invasion (OR=2.72, 95% CI: 1.73–4.30), advanced clinical stage (OR=2.75, 95% CI: 2.04-3.71), and recurrence (OR=2.30, 95% CI: 1.34–3.95). Analysis of expression using GEPIA indicated that the expression of TRIM44 was higher in most tumor tissues than the corresponding normal tissues.Survival analysis indicated high levels of TRIM44 mRNA were associated with unfavorable OS and DFS in various malignancies .Conclusions: TRIM44 may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for patients with malignancies.
Effect Of Product Quality And Brand Equity On Buying Interest
Authors: Kurniawati Luciana Mia
Published: February 2020

This research aims to review the influence of the quality of products and brand equity in a partial and simultaneous against the interest of consumers to buy products fashion zoya. Over the withdrawal of funds the sampling method of uses the method random sampling, by smeru within the of this research is there were thousands of visitors zoya boutique in the stall for as many as 154 respondents in the present study. The results of the study and reason 5 percent significance finds that: (1) product quality has a positive effect on buying interest, (2) brand equity has a positive effect on buying interest, and (3) product quality and brand equity have a positive and significant effect on buying interest.
The Effect Of Usability Perception And Easy Perception Of Real Use In Online Purchasing Transactions
Authors: Rahman Surya Adi , Adhitya Fajar , Erlandika Novan
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine instagram users in the needs of product purchase transactions by including variables of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, intentin to use and actual usage system. The sample used in this study is Instagram users who have made product purchases through Instagram among Semarang students, the number of respondents is 65 students. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis method. From the results of this study indicate that directly variable perceived usefulness, perceived ease of  use influence directly actual usage system and indirectly directly perceived usefulness, perceived ease of ose influence directly to actual usage system through intention to use.
Pemisahan Anomali Regional dan Residual Data Gayaberat Studi Kasus di Kota Lama Semarang
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Khumaedi Khumaedi , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Setiaswan F
Published: February 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode gayaberat untuk mengidentifikasi struktur bawah permukaan di Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang sebagai survei awal untuk keperluan mitigasi bencana. Pengolahan data gayaberat untuk mengidentifikasi struktur bawah permukaan dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan. Tahap awal dilakukan dengan koreksi awal berupa koreksi pasang surut dan koreksi apungan, kemudian dilakukan koreksi lanjut hingga didapat kontur anomali Bouguer lengkap. Melalui anomali Bouguer lengkap dapat dipisahkan anomali gaya berat regional dan residual. Pemisahan anomali regional dari anomali Bouguer dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode moving average (perata-rataan bergerak) sedangkan anomali residual didapatkan dengan cara mengurangkan anomali Bouguer dengan anomali regional. Pemisahan anomali regional dan residual penting untuk dilakukan pada penelitian identifikasi struktur bawah permukaan untuk  menginterpretasikan struktur geologi dan mendapatkan target yang dicari. Nilai anomali regional di Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang antara 28.0 mGal – 28.4 mGal sedangkan untuk anomali residual memiliki antara 31.6 mGal – 32.8 mGal.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Fisika Peserta didik Kelas XI IPA.3 SMAN 6 Pekanbaru Semester Genap
Authors: Hotang Lasma Br
Published: February 2020

Hasil observasi awal dari penelitian ini adalah hasil wawancara pengetahuan yang diperoleh peserta didik dalam kelas hanya bertahan sesaat dalam kelas dan tidak mampu menghubungkan materi pelajaran dengan kehidupan nyata diperkuat juga dengan hasil ulangan yang rendah dimana hanya ada 7 orang (19,4%) yang tuntas dari 36 peserta didik dan ada 29 orang (80,5%) tidak tuntas. Prosedur penelitian tindakan kelas ini menggunakan 2 siklus dan akhir setiap siklus dilakukan ulangan harian untuk melihat peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar. Rata-rata ulangan harian pada siklus I adalah 65,11 kategorinya cukup, 14 peserta didik tuntas (38,88%) dan 22 peserta didik belum tuntas (61,11%) dan pada siklus II adalah 78,47 kategori baik 33 peserta didik tuntas (91,7%) dan 3 peserta didik belum tuntas (8,3%). Penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar fiska bagi peserta didik kelas XI IPA 3 SMAN 6 Pekanbaru.
Botulinum Toxin as a Biological Warfare Agent: Poisoning, Diagnosis and Countermeasures
Authors: Pohanka Miroslav
Published: February 2020

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum and some other relative
species. It causes a lethal disease called botulism. It can enter the body via infections by Clostridium
(e.g. wound and children botulism) or by direct contact with the toxin or eating contaminated food
(food-borne botulism). Botulinum toxin is also considered as a relevant biological warfare agent with
an expected high number of causalities when misused for bioterrorist or military purposes. The current
paper surveys the actual knowledge about botulinum toxin pathogenesis, the manifestation of poisoning,
and current trends in diagnostics and therapeutics. Relevant and recent literature is summarized in
this paper.
Review on Chemistry, Analysis and Pharmacology of Teneligliptin: A Novel DPP-4 Inhibitor
Authors: Sharma Sanjay , Sharma Raksha , Hatware Ketan , Patil Kiran
Published: February 2020

This article provides comprehensive and collective facts about teneligliptin. Teneligliptin is
a dipeptide peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that belongs to the third generation, used in the management
of type 2 diabetes. It inhibits human DPP-4 enzyme activity. This drug falls under class 3; it interacts
with S1, S2, and S2E extensive sub-sites. Teneligliptin and its metabolites are mainly determined in
the human plasma matrix by hyphenated chromatographic methods. These developed methods could
be foreseen for their clinical applications. Moreover, the stress degradation studies of Teneligliptin under
different stress conditions provide an insight into degradation pathways and help in the elucidation
of the structure of the degradation products by liquid mass spectroscopy. These methods are also used
for routine quality control analysis of teneligliptin in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
The Role of Serum Procalcitonin Level as an Early Marker of Ascitic Fluid Infection in Post Hepatitic Cirrhotic Patients
Authors: Abu Rahma Mohamed Zakaria , Mahran Zainab Gaber , Shafik Engy Adel , Mohareb Dina Ahmed , Abd El-Rady Nessren M. , Mustafa Mohamed A. , Khalil Mahmoud , Abo-Amer Yousry Esam-Eldin , Abd-Elsalam Sherief
Published: March 2020

Aims & Background:

The early diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) has
been considered important in the overall patient’s survival. Ascitic fluid culture examination performance,
in the emergency setting, is time-consuming and not always available, so there is a need for
easy to apply, rapid and reliable markers for diagnosis of patients with ascites. The present prospective
study aimed to determine the early diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels in decompensated
cirrhotic patients (DCPs) with SBP.

Methods:

47 HCV cirrhotic patients with ascites were enrolled for this prospective study. The severity
of cirrhosis was classified based on the Child–Pugh criteria. All patients were subjected to paracentesis
and ascitic fluid (AF) culture. Serum PCT levels were measured using enzyme-linked fluorescence
analysis (ELFA).

Results:

The diagnostic value of serum PCT levels and WBC/PLT ratios for detecting infections
were serum PCT levels (3.63 ± 3.47 ng/mL) in DCPs with infections which were significantly higher
than in DCPs without infections (0.505 ± 0.230 ng/mL); p < 0.05. The cut-off value for serum
PCT levels was 0.7 ng/mL for the diagnosis of infections in DCPs, for which the sensitivity and
specificity were 93.1% and 73.2%, respectively. The AUC was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.83-0.99).

Conclusions:

Serum procalcitonin seems to provide satisfactory diagnostic biomarkers in SBP.
Cystic Echinococcosis in Children: High Frequency of Multiple Organs Involved in the North of Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Mohsen , Mamishi Setareh , Pourakbari Babak , Faraz Zahra , Khodabandeh Mahmoud , Mahmoudi Shima
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

Echinococcosis, as an important zoonotic infection, has a major worldwide
distribution. Pediatric echinococcosis has still become health concerning issue in developing
countries, particularly, in the Middle East and Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the human
echinococcosis in children in northern Iran.

Methods::

Patients admitted to the pediatric subspecialty hospital of Amir Kala, Babol, Iran, from
2011 to 2016 with a confirmed diagnosis of echinococcosis, were reviewed. Records of the patients,
including demographic data, clinical manifestations of the disease, type of cysts, and other
related factors, were collected.

Results:

Sixteen pediatric patients, twelve (75%) male, and four (25%) female were evaluated. All
cases had cystic echinococcosis. The results showed that fever (75%) following vomiting, nausea,
and coughing (44%) were the most common clinical manifestations. The most common localizations
of cases were determined as liver (n=10, 62.5%) and lung (n=9, 56%). The frequency of the
involvement of more than one organ was 31% (5 cases). The co-occurrence of liver and lung was
seen in 2 (12.5%) cases, and in one case, the co-occurrence of the liver and spleen was reported. In
one case, lung, liver and, the pelvis was involved, while in another case, liver, sub diaphragm and
kidney involvement were observed.

Conclusion:

Cystic echinococcosis should be kept in mind when a cystic lesion is encountered anywhere
in the body, particularly, in patients lining in the endemic regions.
Since cystic echinococcosis has a considerable economic impact in Iran, the implementation of a
control program and the surveillance system are highly recommended to reduce the economic burden
of this disease.
Pentahelix model application for tourism development strategy
Authors: Nainggolan Mangido , Ardika I Wayan , Ardhana I Ketut , Setiawan I Ketut
Published: March 2020

This study discussed the application of the Pentahelix model in the development strategies of Toba Samosir tourism. The current research was conducted using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. It aimed at exploring how stakeholder synergy in each formulation, as well as the development of tourism. Research data were collected through observation, interviews, literature review, and surveys. The results showed that the lack of synergy between stakeholders caused the low number of tourist visits. The government tends to assume that the stakeholders are the sole owner of the power so that the development of tourism has not been able to produce welfare, even, it tends to cause prolonged conflict within the community itself. Therefore, the current study proposes a vital step of pentahelix model, in which the government of local regency should have better synergy with stakeholders.
Elusive Justice for Victims of the Abdoulay Yerodia International Crimes of August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mujyambere Jean Pierre
Published: February 2020

In order to access justice, victims of human rights abuses must first find a jurisdiction that is willing to hear their case. In the Abdoulay Yerodia Ndombasi (Yerodia) case in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), victims of Yerodia’s intentional crimes brought their case in Belgium because they were unable to introduce it in domestic courts. Belgium launched an international arrest warrant against Yerodia who, at the time of accusation by Belgium, was Foreign Minister of the DRC. This has led to a dispute between the DRC and Belgium before the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The DRC accused Belgium of violating the diplomatic immunity of its Foreign Minister. However, the international crimes in question were committed before Yerodia became Foreign Minister of the DRC and the ICJ rendered its decision in his case after he had ceased to hold that position. Despite this, the ICJ ruled in favor of Yerodia's diplomatic immunity and consequently this decision has only protected him from criminal liability. This paper examines first the historical background of the discrimination of Yerodia’s victims to support the claim that they cannot access justice in the DRC. It also argues that the ICJ’s decision in this case has only contributed to shielding Yerodia from justice rather than preserving smooth operation of the DRC’s diplomatic activities abroad. Finally, this paper suggests that the ICJ’sdecision in this case has closed the doors to victims in their endeavors to access justice.
METODE PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS HADIS
Authors: Rubini Rubini
Published: February 2020

Metode pembelajaran adalah berbagai cara yang dipergunakan pendidik dalammenyampaikan bahan pelajaran kepada peserta didik, sehingga dengan metode yang tepatdan sesuai, bahan pelajaran dapat diterima dan dikuasai dengan baik oleh peserta didik.Begitu pula dengan Rasulullah SAW. Beliau menyampaikan sebuah pendidikan,pembelajaran atau pengajaran kepada para sahabat juga menggunakan berbagai macamcara atau metode, sehingga para sahabat dapat menerima, memahami dan menguasai apayang disampaikan oleh Rasulullah SAW.Beberapa metode pembelajaran yang dikemukakan dalam makalah ini, merupakanmetode – metode yang digunakan oleh Rasulullah SAW dalam menyampaikan materikepada para sahabat. Metode – metode tersebut terdiri dari metode ceramah, metodediskusi, metode keteladanan, metode tanya jawab, metode demonstrasi, metodeketeladanan, metode pembiasaan,metode mau’izahat dan nasihat, metode kisah, metodeperumpamaan, metode hadiah dan hukuman, metode gradual, metode perbandingan, danmetode menggunakan gambar.Pada dasarnya metode–metode pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh Rasulullah SAW.Hingga saat ini masih digunakan dalam dunia pendidikan, artinya begitu besar manfaatdari pada metode tersebut digunakan dari pada masa Rasulullah SAW hingga masasekarang ini dan artinya pula sudah ratusan tahun yang lalu metode – metode tersebut telahdigunakan oleh Rasulullah SAW.Learning methods are various ways conducted by educators in delivering learningmaterial to students, so that with the right and appropriate methods, learning materials canbe accepted and mastered well by students. Likewise with the Prophet Muhammad. Heconveyed that education, learning or teaching to friends also used a variety of ways ormethods, so that friends could receive, understand and master what was conveyed by theProphet Muhammad.Some of the learning methods presented in this paper are those used by theProphet Muhammad in delivering material to friends. The methods consist of lectures,discussions, exemplaries, questions and answers, demonstrations, habituations, mischiefsand advices, stories, parables, rewards and punishments, gradualism, comparisons, andusing of images. Basically those methods is still applied in the world of education, meaning thatso much benefit from the method used from the time of the Prophet Muhammad to thepresent and its meaning also hundreds of years ago these methods have been used by theProphet Muhammad.
Paradigma keilmuan Islam di perguruan tinggi
Authors: Ummah Sun Choirol
Published: February 2020

Science and religion should be able to be completed even if they should be able to work together and complement each other. On the other hand, there is unease among scientists who consider that methodological tools in science cannot be applied in religious studies, or assume that religious values cannot help scientists find the truth. In this case, there are those who still view that both (science and religion) are single entities or positioned as isolated entities. The antithesis of both is seen in the interconnected entities model as a more advanced perspective that touches on the problem of approaches and methods and procedures. There are four typologies of the relationship between science and religion that often arise including; conflict, independence, dialogue and integration. The most recent typology that is widely used is the integration combined with interconnection. It is appropriate for universities in Indonesia to strive to get closer, integrate and connect between science and religion so that the values of life that are in the area of meaning (religion) and want to be achieved can be achieved. Sains dan agama selayaknya dapat dipersandingkan bahkan keduanya seyogyanya mampu bersinergi dan saling mengisi. Di sisi lain, ada kegamangan di antara para ilmuwan yang  menganggap bahwa perangkat metodologis dalam ilmu pengetahuan tidak bisa diterapkan dalam kajian keagamaan, atau menganggap bahwa nilai-nilai agama tidak bisa membantu para saintis untuk menemukan kebenarannya. Dalam hal ini ada yang masih memandang bahwa keduanya (ilmu dan agama) merupakan single entity atau diposisikan sebagai isolated entities. Antitesis keduanya terlihat pada model interconnected entities sebagai cara pandang yang lebih maju yang menyentuh persoalan pendekatan (approach) dan metode berfikir serta penelitian (process and procedure). Ada empat tipologi hubungan sains dan agama yang sering muncul diantaranya; konflik, independen, dialog, dan integrasi. Tipologi terkini yang banyak digunakan yakni integrasi yang dikombinasikan dengan interkoneksi. Selayaknya perguruan tinggi yang ada di Indonesia berupaya keras untuk mendekatkan, mengintegrasikan dan mengoneksikan antara sains dan agama sehingga  nilai-nilai kehidupan yang berada pada wilayah makna (agama) dan ingin dituju bisa tercapai.
Pengembangan Perceptual Motor Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun Menggunakan Kegiatan Outbound Low Impact
Authors: Maryatun Ika Budi
Published: February 2020

Artikel ini ditujukan untuk menggambarkan kemampuan perseptual motor pada anak- anak usia 3-4 tahun dengan menggunakan kegiatan outbond low impact Kegiatan pengembangan perseptual motor meliputi beijalan, berlari, memanjat, melempar dan menangkap bola, dan keseimbangan. Dampak kegiatan outbound adalah digunakannya program hiking untuk pengembangan kemampuan beijalan, bendera estafet untuk mengembangkan kemampuan beijalan, naik turun tangga untuk mengembangkan kemampuan memanjat, permainan bola untuk mengembangkan kemampuan melempar dan menangkap, papan keseimbangan statis, keseimbangan dinamis papan, dan jembatan goyang untuk mengembangkan kemampuan keseimbangan. Kata kunci: perseptual motor, anak usia 3-4 tahun, outbound low impact