bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The System of Government Commissioners during the First World War and the organization of the Government High Commissioner’s Office in Transylvania
Authors: JUDIT Pál
Published: December 2018

The study presents the establishment and usage of the system of state commissioners during the First World War. Related to this topic it also presents the establishment of the institution of the regional commissioner’s office for Transylvania and of the Government High Commissioner’s Office for Eastern Hungary created in December 1918. The appointment of state commissioners and the organization of state commissioner’s offices impaired local governments, and the research analyses how this process unfolded and how the transition to the circumstances that developed after the war took place.
Rezumat: Sistemul comisarilor guvernamentali în timpul Primului Război Mondial şi organizarea Înaltului Comisariat Guvernamental în Transilvania. Studiul prezintă înfiinţarea şi utilizarea sistemului comisarilor statului în timpul Primului Război Mondial, inclusiv înfiinţarea instituţiei comisariatului regional pentru Transilvania şi a Înaltului Comisariat Guvernamental pentru Ungaria de Est în decembrie 1918. Numirea comisarilor statului şi organizarea acestei instituţii a afectat sistemul administraţiei locale, iar cercetarea analizează evoluţia procesului şi modul în care s-a desfăşurat tranziţia înspre situaţia de după război.
Cuvinte-cheie: comisari guvernamentali, Primul Război Mondial, Transilvania, Înaltul Comisariat Guvernamental pentru Ungaria de Est, autorităţi paralele, situaţie excepţională.
Uso de cuestionarios en investigaciones sobre universidad; análisis de experiencias desde una perspectiva situada
Authors: Pozzo María Isabel , Borgobello Ana , Pierella María Paula
Published: December 2018

El artí­culo refiere al uso de cuestionarios en investigaciones sobre la universidad, enfatizando una perspectiva metodológica crí­tica de problemáticas concretas. Luego de un abordaje conceptual, se analizan cuatro estudios de equipos y temas disí­miles en los que se utilizó esta técnica. Ellos refieren al uso del cuestionario: en una investigación internacional, una cuasiexperimental, frente a un tema sensible e implementado por Internet. Las conclusiones aluden a la ambigüedad terminológica-metodológica, la importancia de leer los resultados en contexto concebidos en enfoques complejos y situados y el lugar del sesgo en la elaboración del instrumento y el análisis de datos.
La democracia ateniense entre la estabilidad y la anarquía
Authors: Paiaro Diego
Published: December 2018

En un breve artículo sobre las particularidades del gobierno en la Atenas democrática, P.J. Rhodes planteaba que si bien la demokratía no se comportó en el registro histórico-concreto como un sistema anárquico, sin embargo, “el potencial para la anarquía estuvo siempre presente allí”. Teniendo en mente lo anterior, se propone una indagación sobre las condiciones del funcionamiento democrático en la Atenas clásica. En particular, se hace foco en la cuestión de cómo la compulsión al mantenimiento de la isonomía y el poder del dêmos delimitaban las capacidades y posibilidades de acción tanto de los líderes políticos como de los magistrados de la pólis. Como hipótesis se postula que una parte importante de los inconvenientes epistemológicos que la historiografía actual encuentra al momento de asir a la democracia ateniense surgen por la tradición de pensar a la pólis griega bajo el paradigma de la estatalidad.
La Bolsa de Comercio de Rosario frente a la huelga de estibadores de 1929
Authors: Alarcón Natalia Daniela
Published: December 2018

La presente investigación es un aporte respecto de la inexplorada huelga de los estibadores del puerto de Rosario de 1929 y el papel jugado por la Bolsa de Comercio en su resolución. Postulamos que su importancia para la corporación empresarial radica en la incidencia que tendrá el gremio de estibadores portuarios como articulador dentro de la clase obrera rosarina. Por lo que se busca analizar las causas, características y desarrollo de la huelga, así como también las formas y dinámicas que adquirió principalmente la relación entre la Bolsa de Comercio y el gobierno Nacional.
La Escuela de Nurses de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Profesionalización del cuidado, circulación de saberes y políticas estatales de salud en la provincia de Santa Fe, primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Bacolla Natacha , Allevi José Ignacio
Published: December 2018

El artículo constituye un primer avance en el estudio de la profesionalización de la enfermería en la provincia de Santa Fe durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, atendiendo a sus vínculos con los procesos de consolidación de experticias en los campos de conocimiento sobre la salud, a la par que su conversión en saberes de Estado. Con este objetivo, el trabajo abordará la experiencia de la creación de la Escuela de Nurses y Visitadoras de Higiene de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, con sede en la Facultad de Medicina de Rosario, primera experiencia nacional a nivel universitario de formación en enfermería. Ordenamos el trabajo a partir de tres ejes: por un lado, los antecedentes locales en torno a la formación en enfermería y las características del proyecto académico regional que caracterizó las primeras décadas de la Universidad; en segundo término, la particular relación entre proyecto universitario y política en la entreguerras en Santa Fe. Por último, la circulación transnacional de políticas sanitarias, en el marco de una nueva perspectiva sobre la “cuestión social”, el diálogo de la Fundación Rockefeller con la Universidad y el Estado provincial en este sentido. El trabajo concluye con la institucionalización de un proyecto político diverso, coincidente con el cierre de la experiencia universitaria cristalizada a inicios de 1940: la Escuela de Enfermeras en Salud Pública dependiente del Ministerio de Salud de la provincia, que iniciada en 1948, presentó notables diferencias tanto en términos formativos como en su administración y los expertos para ello convocados.
Orígenes de la profesionalización de la enfermería y de las visitadoras de higiene en la ciudad de Santa Fe
Authors: Rubinzal Mariela , Bolcatto Viviana , Sedran Paula
Published: December 2018

Este artículo tiene por objeto identificar y describir los primeros desarrollos del proceso de profesionalización de la enfermería y de las visitadoras de higiene en la ciudad de Santa Fe durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. En función de ello, se analizan las concepciones, los recursos y las propuestas educativas involucradas en la formación de estos profesionales. Asimismo, se identifican los principales sujetos sociales que protagonizaron dichas transformaciones. Con tal fin, se realiza un análisis cualitativo sobre un corpus de fuentes documentales, tales como institucionales, normativas, asociativas, gubernamentales y periodísticas.
Paisajes acuáticos. Escenas literarias sobre el Riachuelo de las primeras décadas del siglo XX
Authors: Cimadevilla Pilar María
Published: December 2018

Los escritores argentinos Roberto Arlt y Raúl González Tuñón escribieron entre 1920 y 1930 un conjunto de textos que refieren a la costa del Río de la Plata. La propuesta de este artículo consiste en analizar de qué manera se vinculan los cambios urbanos y paisajísticos ocurridos en la zona con las representaciones configuradas por ambos escritores en sus producciones literarias. Se observará, en primer lugar, cómo fundan una nueva versión del espacio portuario a partir del armado de “escenas” en las que cruzan “la ciudad textual” con la “ciudad de cemento”. En segundo lugar, se indagará cierta alternancia entre representaciones pintorescas del paisaje e imágenes que apelan a un tipo de mirada política y crítica sobre el desarrollo de este margen fluvial. Se analizará, entonces, de qué manera Arlt y Tuñón integran el espacio de la ribera a la nueva Buenos Aires modernizada, al mismo tiempo que revisan y cuestionan ciertas imágenes cristalizadas sobre el espacio.
Renovación urbana y conflictos territoriales en las costas metropolitanas del Río de la Plata:
Authors: Wertheimer Marina Clara
Published: December 2018

Los frentes acuáticos se han convertido en uno de los rasgos paisajísticos más valorados por el urbanismo neoliberal de los últimos tiempos. Este artículo aborda las transformaciones urbanas de las zonas costeras de tres municipios de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Vicente López, Quilmes y Avellaneda) a lo largo de las últimas décadas, focalizando en los procesos de renovación urbana que afectan estas áreas desde 2004, aproximadamente y en los conflictos territoriales que a partir de entonces han emergido.

La información presentada es fruto de revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas en profundidad realizadas en el marco de una investigación doctoral en curso.

Sostenemos que los estados locales, en asociación con el sector privado, han orientado las iniciativas de refuncionalización costera, en buena medida, hacia la obtención de rentas locales, lo que viene despertando tensiones sociales en torno a lo que debería ser el ambiente y el espacio público en estos espacios costeros.
Programa de Orientação de Pais em Grupo: Um estudo exploratório na abordagem Cognitivo-Comportamental
Authors: Neufeld Carmem Beatriz , Godoi Katherine , Rebessi Isabela Pizzarro , Maehara Nívea Passos , Mendes Ana Irene Fonseca
Published: December 2018

O Programa de Orientação de Pais da USP-RP (PROPAIS), fundamentado na Terapia Cognitivo-comportamental, objetiva promover a melhoria no convívio familiar. Os pais participantes do programa têm seus filhos atendidos por estagiários da Terapia Cognitiva Comportamental I, e a orientação de pais é complementar ao tratamento da criança. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar de forma preliminar os efeitos destas intervenções, baseando-se nos escores do Inventário de Estilos Parentais (IEP), identificando se houve diferenças entre pré e pós teste no que tange ao estilo parental. As análises indicaram diferença significativa entre os testes (p=0,017) e, embora sejam necessários estudos com amostras ampliadas, os resultados sugerem que o programa tem atingido o seu propósito.
A psicanálise de crianças no Brasil: um relato histórico
Authors: Couto Daniela Paula do , Silva Mardem Leandro
Published: December 2018

Apresenta-se um relato histórico sobre os primórdios da Psicanálise de crianças no Brasil, com destaque para os fatores políticos, culturais e sociais que influenciaram o surgimento e desenvolvimento desse campo. Destaca-se o modo como a Psiquiatria, juntamente com a medicina social do século XIX, orientou os pioneiros da Psicanálise de crianças, a partir da concepção da higiene mental escolar e sua ideologia normativa. Conclui-se que apesar da adesão a um discurso adaptacionista em seu surgimento, a Psicanálise de crianças, na atualidade, não comunga mais com um ideal normativo, haja vista que a dimensão pulsional em cada sujeito é incontrolável e responde pela singularidade do sintoma de cada criança, o que impede uma adaptação ao social como almejavam os higienistas.
RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO E PODER NA BELLE ÉPOQUE: ENTRE DISCURSOS E PRÁTICAS
Authors: Messias Maria Cláudia Novaes , Jacó-Vilela Ana Maria
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho busca analisar as relações de gênero e poder que atravessavam as experiências das mulheres no período conhecido como Belle Époque, entre 1889 e 1922, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sendo resultado de revisão da literatura. A partir do contexto social, político, econômico e cultural da cidade, analisam-se os espaços sociais e discursos disponíveis para as mulheres, buscando compreender as múltiplas faces do ser mulher que acompanha o tecido social dessa trama.  Assim, discute-se a questão feminina sob o ponto de vista dos médicos, o problema da educação, o ideal de família e o trabalho “fora do lar”. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica deste trabalho se insere no campo da história das mulheres e das relações de gênero.
Relação entre Fatores Acadêmicos e a Saúde Mental de Estudantes Universitários
Authors: Ariño Daniela Ornellas , Bardagi Marúcia Patta
Published: December 2018

Os graduandos estão vulneráveis ao desenvolvimento de transtornos mentais comuns e sofrimento psicológico. Este estudo é uma pesquisa correlacional, descritiva, cujo objetivo foi analisar as possíveis relações entre Vulnerabilidade Psicológica, Experiências Acadêmicas e Autoeficácia no Ensino Superior de estudantes universitários. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um protocolo digital. Um total de 640 estudantes universitários participaram do estudo. Os resultados demonstram altos níveis de sintomas para ansiedade, estresse e depressão. Houve correlação negativa significativa entre vulnerabilidade psicológica e a qualidade experiência acadêmica e a autoeficácia. Dada a relação entre adoecimento e fatores acadêmicos e de carreira, é necessário estabelecer protocolos para a detecção precoce de sintomas de TMC e ações que favoreçam experiências acadêmicas mais positivas.
Resiliência e Escolarização: processo de enfrentamento das adversidades vivenciadas no Ensino Médio
Authors: Negreiros Fauston , Rocha Janaina Oliveira
Published: December 2018

Este estudo objetiva analisar a emergência da resiliência em meio à resolução de problemas no processo de escolarização de estudantes do Ensino Médio. Participaram 204 estudantes, 54,4% do sexo feminino e 44,6% do sexo masculino, com idade média de 15 anos. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e uma pergunta norteadora. As análises foram feitas pelo software  IramuteQ®. Os resultados indicam que os estudantes utilizam diversas estratégias de enfrentamento das adversidades, a maioria delas mediadas pela relação com o outro. Pontua-se a necessidade de investimento na formação docente, para que estes apreendam os sentidos do desenvolvimento da resiliência e na parceria família e escola, pois podem atuar como redes de proteção e promoção de uma educação integral e contextualizada.
ASSESSMENT OF HEMOSTASIS SYSTEM AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERCOAGULATION IN MEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INITIAL DECREASE OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE
Authors: Hudiakova N. V. , Bezzubova T. G. , Pchelin I. Y. , Shishkin A. N. , Smirnov V. V. , Ivanov N. V.
Published: December 2018

THE AIM. To assess hypercoagulation factors in men with initial decrease of glomerular filtration rate (IDGFR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) depending on carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD). PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included 79 men with IDGFR and MS. Two groups were assessed: main – patients IDGFR and CMD with MS (n=44) and control group – with IDGFR and MS without CMD (n=35). Besides examinations for confirming IDGFR and CMD type specification all patients were performed following tests: estimated thrombodynamics factors, serum concentration of common testosterone (CT), leptin (L), adiponectin (A), D-dimer (DD), activated platelets count (CD41+CD62P+) (APC), PAI-1, homocysteine (H). We also studied polymorphism of the genes associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC). RESULTS. 90% cases of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) in men with IDGFR and MS were associated with genetic defects in enzyme systems regulating this amino acid metabolism.. Patients from the main group in comparison with the subjects without CMD had significantly higher density of the fibrin clot  (28012,21±1013,60 vs. 25209,15±1176,90 c.u., р<0,05), serum levels of PAI-1 (78,78±13,00 vs. 43,66±4,00 ng/ml, p<0,01), leptin (13,56±1,40 vs. 8,95±1,60 ng/ml, p<0,01) and lower serum concentration of CT (11,54±0,70 vs. 14,50±1,10 nmol/l, p<0,05). In men with IDGFR and MS with CMD we found positive correlations between activated platelets count and fasting glucose (rs=0,4; р<0,05), activated platelets count and postprandial glucose (rs=0,5; р<0,05), PAI-1 and adiponectin (rs=0,4;  р<0,05), PAI-1 and leptin (rs=0,4; р<0,05), homocysteine and MCH (rs=0,5; р<0,05), homocysteine and density of the fibrin clot (rs=0,5; р<0,05), insulin and PAI-1 (rs=0,4; р<0,05), adiponectin and density of the fibrin clot (rs=0,4; р<0,05), hemoglobin and clot growth rate (rs=0,4; р<0,05), RDW and D-dimer (rs=0,4; р<0,05), RDW and density of the fibrin clot (rs=0,6;  р<0,05); a negative correlation – between fasting glucose and adiponectin (rs= -0,4; р<0,05). CONCLUSION. CMD in men with IDGFR and MS are associated with procoagulant status via direct and indirect influence on hypercoaculation factors. The role  of adiponectin in thrombogenesis is controversial and requires further investigations.
EXPRESSION miRNA-21 IN RENAL TISSUE AND URINE IN RATS WITH UNILATERAL URETERAL OBSTUCTION
Authors: Kayukov I. G. , Smirnov A. V. , Kucher A. G. , Parastaeva M. M. , Beresneva O. N. , Zaraiskii M. I. , Ivanova C. T.
Published: December 2018

THE AIM: to estimate the level of expression miRNA-21 inthe urine and renal tissue in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). MATHERIAL AND METHODS. UUO was induced by ligation of the left ureter in male Wistar rats (n=10). Follow-up period was 14 days after UUO modeling. Urine was collected one day before the operation (UmiRNA21C), and one day before the end of experiment (UmiRNA21I ) during 24 hours. Before releasing animal out of experiment collected urine from left kidney pelvis (UmiRNA21O) and tissue of left kidney (KmiRNA21O) and right kidney (KmiRNA21I). MiRNA-21 expression in kidney tissues and urine was carried out with reaction amplification (RealTime PCR-protocol). Calculation was realized by 2-deltaCtmethod. Statistical analysis was performed with Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results are demonstrated as median [low – upper quartile]. RESULTS. UmiRNA21I(3.78[2.0-5.28]) and UmiRNA21O(3.78[3.25-3.82]) were significantly higher than UmiRNA21C (1.15[0.71-1.74]; P=0.0125 and P=0.0069, respectively). UmiRNA21I and UmiRNA21O values were practically equal. In kidneys with UUO the tissue levels of miRNA21 expression was a higher than in contralateral organ (P=0,0926). Revealed direct correlation between KmiRNAIand KmiRNAO(RS=0,770, P=0,0092). CONCLUSION. UOO can cause specific changes in the expression, distribution and excretion of micro RNA-21 and its role in the development of renal tubulointestitsial fibrosis requires further studies. Key words: miRNA-21, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, unilateral ureteral obstruction
ANALYSIS OF KIDNEY FUNCTIONAL STATUS AT URINARY INCONTINENCE IN WOMEN
Authors: Osipova N. A. , Niauri D. A. , Gzgzyan A. M. , Emanuel W. L.
Published: December 2018

AIM: to analyze functional state of kidneys in women with urinary incontinence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 277 women with complaints on urinary incontinence and 14 healthy women aged 18 to 55 years were examined. 143 women was diagnosed stress urinary incontinence, 43 – urge urinary incontinence and 91 – mixed urine incontinence. Nycturia was revealed in 24 women and polyuria – in 60 women with urine incontinence. The increased diuresis, water reabsorption in collecting ducts, ion excretion including Na and Mg ion were higher during the night in patients with nycturia and during the day in patients with polyuria in comparison with healthy patients. Use of desmopressin (minirin) in a dose of 100 mcg reduced diuresis and ion excretion to normal levels. It is suggested that the main role in the pathogenesis of kidney functions in patients with polyuria and nycturia is played by a decrease of ion reabsorption in the thick ascending Henle loop, which results in higher load of collecting ducts by liquid, increase of diuresis and electrolytes excretion. Use of desmopressin in these patients is pathogenetically proved because it removes main tubular defect.
GPR91: EXPANDING THE FRONTIERS OF KREBS CYCLE INTERMEDIATES
Authors: De C. Fonseca M. , Aguiar C. J. , Da Rocha Franco J. A. , Gingold R. N. , Leite M. F.
Published: December 2018

Since it was discovered, the citric acid cycle has been known to be central to cell metabolism and energy homeostasis. Mainly found in the mitochondrial matrix, some of the intermediates of the Krebs cycle are also present in the blood stream. Currently, there are several reports that indicate functional roles for Krebs intermediates out of its cycle. Succinate, for instance, acts as an extracellular ligand by binding to a G-protein coupled receptor, known as GPR91, expressed in kidney, liver, heart, retinal cells and possibly many other tissues. Succinate activated GPR91 induces a wide array of physiological and pathological effects. Through GPR91, succinate is involved in functions such as regulation of blood pressure, inhibition of lipolysis in white adipose tissue, development of retinal vascularization, cardiac hypertrophy and activation of stellate hepatic cells by ischemic hepatocytes. Current review is dedicated to discussion of these effects.
PROBLEM OF THE ASSESMENT OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN OBESITY
Authors: Smirnov A. V. , Kayukov I. G. , Rumyantsev A. Sh.
Published: December 2018

The article discusses the problem of choosing an adequate method of assessing glomerular filtration rate in overweight and obesity.
DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF RENAL TUBULAR INJURY BIOMARKERS NGAL, KIM-1, L-FABP IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Kuzmin O. B. , Zhezha V. V. , Belaynin V. V. , Buchneva N. V. , Landar L. N. , Serdyuk S. V.
Published: December 2018

The review summarized data on the diagnostic and prognostic value of biomarkers of kidney injury NGAL (neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin), KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1) and L-FABP (liver type fatty acid-binding protein) in patients with CKD. The most studied of these is NGAL, increase of its level in urine reflects the severity of CKD. Elevated levels of urinary NGAL evaluated also as a prognostic criterion which allows identifying patients with high risk of unfavorable course of disease. Elevated levels of urinary KIM-1 inpatients with CHF can detect individuals with tubulointerstitial kidney injury, having an adverse prognostic value, and to assess their risk of death or rehospitalization about CHF. Data obtained in large populations of patients with diabetes type 1 and 2 with CKD show that high levels of urinary L-FABP is associated with an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy progression. High levels of this biomarker in urine of patients with diabetes type 2 and stage1-2 CKD is also unfavorable prognostic marker of increased risk of coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular complications. In general, diagnostic and prognostic value of urine KIM-1 and L-FABP in CKD patients with varying severity poorly understood and needs further clinical studies.
ASSESSMENT OF NEPHRIN AND PODOCIN LEVELS IN THE URINE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Bobkova I. N. , Shchukina A. A. , Shestakova M. V.
Published: December 2018

THE AIM:to assess excretion value of podocytes injury biomarkers in urine and to clarify their significance for early diabetic nephropathy (DN) diagnostics in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with different severity of albuminuria (AU)/proteinuria(PU).PATIENTS AND METHODS.74 DM pts were studied, including 30 with type1 DM (T1DM) and 44 pts with type2 DM (T2DM). They were divided into three groups: 41 pts with AU <30 mg/gCr (A1), 13 pts with AU 30-300 mg/gCr (A2), 20 pts with PU (A3). CKD S1 was revealed in 41pts, CKD S2 – in 25 pts, CKD S3 – in 8 pts. Arterial hypertension was observed in 52 pts of 74(70%), mainly in T2DM. 10 healthy subjects were studied as control. Urinary levels of nephrin and podocin (an important slit diaphragm proteins) were measured by ELISA.RESULTS.Nephrinuria (NU) >5,84ng/ml/g, which not detecting in controls, was revealed in 63% of A1 pts, in 77% – in A2, in 80% – in A3. Podocinuria (PdU)>1,73ng/ml/g was revealed in 78% of A1 pts, in 54% of A2 and in 83% – A3. NU in pts with PU was significantly higher than in AU<30 mg/g. PDU in groups with different AU/PU was equally high and has no differ between DM types. Direct correlation was obtained between NU and AU (R=0,947 p<0,05). NU and PdU in T1DM correlated directly with serum creatinine (R=0,489 p<0,05 and R=0,468 p<0,05) and indirectly with GFR (R=-0,461 p<0,05 and R=-0,36 р<0,05). In DM duration less than 5 years NU directly correlated with НbА1с level, in T2DM – indirectly with systolic blood pressure.CONCLUSON. Nephrin and podocin levels can be useful for early diagnostics and monitoring of DN.
INFLUENCE OF EMPAGLIFLOZIN ON THE KIDNEYS IN NORMOGLYCEMIC RATS WITH HEART FAILURE
Authors: Kulikov A. N. , Beresneva O. N. , Parastaeva M. M. , Okovityi S. V. , Ivanova G. T. , Ivkin D. Yu. , Ivkina A. S. , Levykina E. N. , Zaraiskii M. I. , Karpov A. A. , Kucher A. G. , Zubina I. M. , Galkina O. V. , Kaiukov I. G.
Published: December 2018

THE AIM.To evaluate the effect of the sodium-glucose cotransporter SGLT-2 inhibitor - empagliflozin on the kidney in nondiabetic Wistar rats with experimental heart failure (HF).MATERIAL AND METHODS. Cronic heart failure (CHF) was induced by ligation the left coronary artery. Animals with CHF in the first group (n=11) received empagliflozin (Jardiance®, Boehringer Ingelheim) orally (1 mg / kg/day) for 1 month. In the second group of rats with CHF (n = 10) the drug is not administered. Systolic blood pressure, heart rate, concentrations and daily urinary excretion of glucose, albumin, creatinine, urea and essential ions were measured. The relative level of microRNA-21 urinary expression was established.RESULTS.Empagliflozin administration led to an increase in glycosuria, albuminuria, and the expression of microRNA-21 in urine. However in this conditions inorganic phosphorus excretion decreased. Empagliflozin did not influence on blood pressure, heart rate or levels of investigated substances excretion including sodium.CONCLUSION. The findings suggest that the SGLT-2 inhibitors may have some negative direct effects on the kidneys. However, in diabetes, such effects of these drugs can be masked by powerful nephroprotective actions associated with the ability of SGLT-2 inhibitors to counteract hyperglycemia and glomerular hyperfiltration.
ELISA method in identification of the blood in the stains on the material evidences
Authors: Sidorov V. L. , Yagmurov O. D.
Published: December 2018

The article presents the analysis of experience, both of domestic, and of foreign authors in application of the techniques for identification of the blood in the stains on material evidences. The method of definition of IgG by means of ELISA is compared with other modern techniques applied in Russia. Sensitivity, objectivity, actuality and other qualities and advantages of this method are widely displayed when applied in forensic practice.
The Student''s scientific society is the axiological potential of modern higher medical education
Authors: Zabolotnaya S. G.
Published: December 2018

The axiological potential of the students' work in the Students' Scientific Society (SSS) is deal with in this article. The conditions of the pedagogical process, specificity of the pedagogical guidance, and early involvement of medical students in the work of SSS are described.
Problems of sparing surgery for otosclerosis
Authors: Sopko O. N. , Diskalenko V. V.
Published: December 2018

The article deals with optimization of the current technical methods in operations on the osteosclerotic stapes aimed at minimization of any trauma in the inner ear and at maximal possible safety for the sound-conducting structures - the factors that guarantee the functional results of the surgery.
Age dependent mineral density in the bones of inhabitants of Karelia
Authors: Pashkova I. G. , Alexina L. F.
Published: December 2018

Analysis of the age changes of mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae was carried out in 929 people (740 women and 189 men) at the age of 20 to 87 years, living in Karelia. Bone mineral density was evaluated by dual xray absorptiometry. In the women and in the men the spine bone mineralization peak was seen at the age of 22. The peak mineral density values were 5 % lower in the men and 1.6 % in the women in comparison with the data of the densitometer base. Considerable decrease of the bone mineral density in the vertebrae in the women began at the age of 41–45 years, and in the men – at the age of 51–55 years. Demineralization of the vertebrae in 75 year old women was 20 %, in the men it was 11.1 %, and in 81–87 year old women – 25.2 %.
Social, psychological and psychosomatic disorders in the people with combat stress in their medical histories
Authors: Gracheva L. V. , Sergeev V. A.
Published: December 2018

The authors examined three groups of patients – military men (40 men in each group) with combat stress of different intensity in their medical histories (two main groups) and a  control group – without combat stress. The results showed that the military men with a high level combat stress in the past (more than 5 years ago) more frequently demonstrated socialmental disadaptation against the background of subclinical chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The conclusion is that this group of people requires dynamic followup and adequate medicopsychological aid.
Application of positron emission tomography with 18ffdg in combined diagnosis of anxiety and depressive disorders in elderly patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Stanzhevsky A. A. , Vologdina I. V. , Poroshina E. G. , Petrov A. V. , Ilushchenko Yu. R.
Published: December 2018

35 patients with chronic cardiac failure of the third functional class and anxiety depressive disorders were examined. The screening group consisted of 35 patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency without affective disorders. Evaluation of the clinical state was carried out by echocardiography, 6 minute walk and estimation of therapy compliance. Severity of the symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders were studied by MMPI test, Beck`s test, Hamilton`s scale, Spielberg scale. PET with 18FFDG was carried out on PET tomographs «EcatExact 47» and «Ecat Exact HR+» (Siemens, Germany). It was found that anxiety depressive disorders have negative effect on the clinical state and the therapy compliance in the patients with chronic cardiac failure. Significant correlation between the clinical data and the brain 18FFDG PET results was seen in most cases.
Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in diagnosis of focal liver lesions
Authors: Bagnenko S. S. , Trufanov G. E.
Published: December 2018

31PMR spectroscopy was carried out in 93 patients with various focal lesions in the liver and in the control group people. The method was proved to be noninvasive and highly informative in studying of biochemical processes in the liver on the cell level but some serious technical limitations hinder its usage in the clinical practice.
Analysis of the main activities of the city center of Alexander's psychosomatic hospital of St. Petersburg, focused on the choice of priorities in perfection of treatment and prophylaxis
Authors: Vanchakova N. P. , Lapina N. A. , Sokolova S. V. , Markova N. V.
Published: December 2018

The authors have analyzed the results of the City Psychosomatic Centre (CPSC) activity in 2009-2011 ys in order to find out the most important trends in the clinical work that may be helpful in planning of management and prophylaxis. The methods applied were statistical and clinico-statistical analyses of the results of of the Center work in 2009-2011 ys. There were changes in the structure by increasing the incidence of diseases associated with stress and organic damage brain with mental disorders, showed an increase in the flow of male patients. Found that the average length of stay in bed in the center of psychosomatic inpatient unit was 9.2-9.7 days, which creates barriers to good practice the use of antidepressants. Overcoming of these challenges can be achieved through the formation of new forms of continuity between the departments of the psychosomatic center, the health center and the offices of St. Petersburg SHCI «Alexander's Hospital,» and other medical institutions of the city.
Current problems of health protection of the working population in Russia
Authors: Petrova N. G. , Teptin S. E. , Pogosyan S. G.
Published: December 2018

The authors studied the extent of chronic diseses and of pathological conditions in the working people in on district of the Leningrad region using the data of prophylactic examination. The analysis showed that practically all people (90.4 % of the examined people) had chronic diseases: 26.3 % of the people had one pathology, 29.6 % had two diseases, and 34.5 % of the people had three and more pathologies. The women were more vulnarable than the men to three and more pathologies (40.2 % and 22.2 % of the cases respectively. The data obtained should be the basis for planning of the scope of preventive, curative and diagnostic measures for the working population.
Schizophrenomorphical psychosis in the late period of craniocerebral trauma: clinical picture and management
Authors: Sergeev V. A. , Chernyavskiy Y. V.
Published: December 2018

A comparative clinical and psychopathological examination of psychotic manifestations in the patients of three groups - with schizophrenomorphical disorders in the late period of craniocerebral trauma (35 patients) with schizophrenia (33 patients), and with a combination of schizophrenia and TBI (32 patients). Marked clinical and diagnostic evaluation criteria allow to differentiate the hallucinatory-delusional disorders within shizophreniamorphical disorders in traumatic disease of the brain from an equal psychopathology in schizophrenia. Particular issues of treatment and prognosis are highlighted.
Morphometric study of the liver of Vistar rats with a model of alimentary obesity
Authors: Vasendin D. V. , Michurina S. V. , Ischenko I. Yu.
Published: December 2018

Experimental alimentary obesity leads to significant structural changes in the liver of rats. Structural changes in the parenchymal cells are accompanied by functional strain in the capillary-connective tissue structures, and by disorders in the blood circulation and lymph drainage in the liver.
Changes in sonoelastography indices of stiffness as a criterion of evaluation of efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: Bus'ko E. A. , Semiglazooa T. Yu. , Klimenko V. V. , Komiyakhoo A. V. , Mshchenko A. V. , Serniiglazoo V. V.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capabilities of sonoelastography to monitor neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer and to determine correlation between reduction of stiffness of the tumor and the grade of pathology response.
Modem concepts of pathogenesis and clinical features of diffuse toxic goiter
Authors: Dora S. V. , Volkova A. R. , Peykrishvili N. E. , Gudieva M. B.
Published: December 2018

Diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) is an autoimmune disease, which is based on a congenital defect in the immune system. As a result of stimulating the synthesis of antibodies directed to the TSH receptor. Goiter forms gradually and then hyperthyroidism develops. For the last decades it has been pointed out a steady increase in the number of new cases of diffuse toxic goiter and drastic reduction of likelihood of remission. To some extent the spectrum of thyroid disease and the nature of the disease depend on the level of iodine provision in the particular region. Active iodine preventive measures were implemented among the population in Saint-Petersburg for the last decades. So the median urinary iodine increased from 105 (1999) to 148 mg/l (2010). Probably the growth of the iodine intake in Saint- Petersburg reduces the incidence of DTG remission and thus optimization of the treatment in these patients seems to be relevant and requires further study.
Dyslipidemia and endothelial function in women with metabolic syndrome associated with autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Kanavets N. S. , Levina L. I. , Popov V. V. , Priyma N. Ph. , Shapovalova A. B.
Published: December 2018

The research objectives are lipid spectrum and endothelial function (EF) in women with metabolic syndrome (MS) associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) against the background of non-compensated with L-thyroxin subclinical hypothyroidism (SH). Groups of women with MS associated with AIT and euthyroidism, women with MS associated with SH and women with MS without any thyroid disorders were observed. Complex «intima media» and endothelial function of brachial artery were evaluated by ultrasound method. It was indicated that dyslipidemia was more significant in women with MS associated with AIT and SH. But there were no abnormalities in complex «intima media» and EF. The cause of it is that the diabetes mellitus occurred two times rarely in this group in comparison with the other groups as well as the high sensitivity to the L-thyroxin. The results of the study demonstrate the necessary prescription of adequate dose of L-thyroxin to compensate SH completely.
Adaptive possibilities, fertility and viability in posterity of female rats under the ethanol influence for the different duration
Authors: Pugach P. V. , Kruglov S. V.
Published: December 2018

The investigation was carried out on the white outbred female rats (n = 80) which were being under the influence of15 % solution of ethanol during pregnancy, from the first to the sixth months before its approach and on their viable posterity (n = 440). Anatomic, macro-microscopic and statistical methods of research were used. Two periods of increasing mortality in rats were revealed: the first fell on 1st month of the experiment (mortality reached 25 %) and the second - on 5th and 6th months of the experiment when this indicator rose up to 10 %. The rats' pregnancy duration was increased: the most considerable prolongation of pregnancy (for 5 days) was determined in the female rats which were under the ethanol influence within six months before its approach. The pre-implantation mortality was prevailed in structure of the general antenatal mortality. The highest rates of these indicators were noted in the rats under the ethanol only during pregnancy, and also within two and six months before its approach. The maximum post-implantation mortality was registered in the animals which were affected by alcohol throughout five months before pregnancy. The indicator of mortality of posterity in the early post-natal period reached 100 % in posterity of female rats under the ethanol within three months before pregnancy and for its duration.
Clinical features in patients with simultaneous cerebral arterial and venous lesions (with literature survey)
Authors: Lee Peng Chew , Shuleshooa N. V.
Published: December 2018

Nowadays, only few cases of simultaneous cerebral arterial and venous thrombosis were reported. However, there might be high probability of coexisted cerebral arterial and venous changes. It is worthy to study the reasons and frequency of these coexisted vascular changes contributing to the development of clinical pictures. We analyzed 12 cases of simultaneous cerebral and/or neck vascular changes based on vascular images and ultrasonography which were divided into 4 groups: coexistence of simultaneous arterial and venous thrombosis; venous thrombosis with arterial hypoplasia; arterial thrombosis, arteritis or dissections with venous sinus hypoplasia; coexistence of arterial and venous hypoplasia.
Prognostic and diagnostic value of moderate intensity stress test with blood pressure control
Authors: Marchenko V. N. , Noskin L. A. , Pivovarov V. V. , Zaytsev G. K.
Published: December 2018

In spite of age and blood pressure values at rest,hypertensive response to moderate intensity stress testingis characterized by increasing ofprobable beginning of cardiac infarction, stroke or coronary disease in 1.36 times. The hypertensive response to stress test in people with normal blood pressure values at rest (independent of other risk factors) is characterized by increasing risk of future hypertension more than in 2 times. Antihypertensive drugs affect blood pressure values differently during the stress testing. The prognosis of blood pressure values during daily physical activity is necessary for antihypertensive treatment. Low availability of convenient instruments and methodological tools for continuous measurement of blood pressure (similar to Spiroarteriocardiorhythmograph, Finapres) duringthe dosed physical loads constrain wide use of stress tests with controlled blood pressure in medical practice.
Detection rate of columnar-lining esophagus and adenocarcinoma among the residents of Leningrad region (according to esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
Authors: Vasilevskiy D. I. , Kamalov E. N. , Dvoretskiy S. U. , Skurikhin S. S. , Silantiev D. S. , Mednikov S. N. , Luft A. V. , Bagnenko S. F.
Published: December 2018

The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma among the population in economically developed countries has been increasing significantly for last three decades. Columnar-lining esophagus (Barrett's esophagus) is one of the proven factors of developing esophagus cancer. The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma in Russia is not investigated enough. The analysis of the results of 34903 endoscopic examinations of the upper gastrointestinal tract in population of Leningrad region with symptoms of gastric dyspepsia during the period from 2007 to 2013 is presented in this article.
Congenital and acquired mitochondrial disorders of the central nervous system
Authors: Nikitina V. V. , Pravdina A. N.
Published: December 2018

Clinical presentations of disorders of the nervous system manifest in young and middle-aged patients with congenital and acquired mitochondrial dysfunctions and cognitive disorders manifest in patients with mitochondrial diseases more often. Nowadays the effective methods of initial diagnosing of these conditions are neurological and neuropsychological examination of patients, using of biochemical markers of mitochondrial diseases: the indices of lactate, total homocysteine in plasma and liquor. Neuro-visual study (Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, MR spectroscopy, tractography, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, mitochondrial DNA typing) is actually used for the differential diagnosing of mitochondrial diseases with other disorders that are accompanied by demyelinating disorders.
Individual features of blood supply and lateral metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Belyaev M. A. , Zakharenko A. A.
Published: December 2018

One of the main causes of local recurrence of rectal cancer is the regional lymphatic nodes metastasis. Existing methods of staging does not have absolute sensitivity and specificity with regard to lesion of regional lymphatic nodes in general, and of lateral group in particular. It is necessary to look for new methods of diagnosis, to identify risk factors and unfavorable prognosis of lateral metastasis in colorectal cancer, which will provide a more differentiated approach to the choice of treatment policy, indications for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and/or lymphatic node dissection. The work on the two groups of patients (control and basic) was performed on the basis of CT performed in angio mode and MRI investigated anatomical variability of middle rectal arteries, proved its impermanence, and studied the relationship between presence of the middle rectal artery and lesion of regional lymphatic nodes in rectal cancer. Prognostic risk factors for lateral metastasis in rectal cancer were proposed, comparative analysis techniques allowing for visualization of the middle rectal vessels was performed.
Role of the fibroblast growth factor type 23 in progression of complications and imbalance of calcium-phosphoric metabolism with patients suffering chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yesayan A. M. , Nimgirova A. N. , Kayukov I. G. , Yakovenko A. A.
Published: December 2018

The review discusses the role of fibroblast growth factor type 23 (FGF-23) in progression of renal dysfunction and its cardiovascular effects, calcium-phosphorus metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease. Differences in the FGF-23 effects at predialysis stage of chronic kidney disease, in dialysis patients and renal allograft recipients are analyzed.
Role of galectin 3 and epicardial fat thickness in the development of atrial fibrillation in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Ionin V. A. , Listopad O. V. , Nifontov S. E. , Baranova E. I. , Soboleva A. V. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To evaluate the epicardial fat thickness (EFT) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), including paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). To relate EFT to the fibroid heart marker, i.e. galectin 3. Materials and methods. We examined 100 patients with MS (50 with AF), and 50 healthy persons made the control group. Serum galectin 3 was measured by ELISA method. The EFT was measured with echocardiography. Results. EFT in patients with MS was twofold higher than in healthy persons. EFT in patients with MS and AF didn't differ significantly from that in patients with MS without AF. Positive correlation between the levels of EFT and galectin 3 in serum was revealed. Serum galectin 3 and EFT were associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with MS (OR:1,27, 95% CI 1,02-1,58 and OR:1,73, 95% CI 1,37-2,19, correspondingly).Conclusion. Definition of EFT at echocardiography can be used in the assessment of risk AF in patients with MS.
Variants of cognitive deficiency depending on the clinical characteristics of the disease in patients with paranoid schizophrenia
Authors: Lebedeva G. G. , Isaeva E. R.
Published: December 2018

Pecific aspects of cognitive impairments in patients with paranoid schizophrenia depending on the clinical characteristics of the disease have been studied. One hundred and thirty patients were examined. A clinico-psychological, experimental psychological and statistical methods were used. Three main types of cognitive deficiency with paranoid schizophrenia, associated with the onset, disease duration, and severity of psychiatric symptomology : 1) long-term course of the disease accompanied by the average level of clinical symptomology associated with abnormal attention and visuospatial functions; 2) late onset of the disease and unexpressed clinical symptomology combined with memory impairments; 3) acute onset and early age combined with the absence of cognitive impairments.
Modern conception about cellular and molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis
Authors: Khmelnitskaya K. A. , Gudkova A. Y. , Shlyakhto E V.
Published: December 2018

The review contains modern scientific literary data, recently conducted studies, which devoted to studying of molecular, cellular and genetic mechanisms in processes of angiogenesis. The authors describe in detail angiogenesis stages, value of the main proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors, apoptosis factors, which have different orientation in regulation of blood vessels development. Role of a special population of bone marrow-derived stem cells - endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in the neovascularization is analyzed. Participation of VEGF-dependent, ANG/Tie-dependent and Notch-signaling pathways, posttranscription regulation of a genome with participation of microRNA in angiogenesis processes are discussed and reviewed.
Evaluation of morphological parameters in patients operated on for diffuse toxic goiter
Authors: Dora S. V. , Rybakova M. G. , Gudieva M. B. , Semikova G. V. , Volkova A. R. , Peyknshvili N. E.
Published: December 2018

Currently, in a case if the remission of Graves' disease is not achieved during the long-term antithyroid medication, thyroidectomy should be considered as the treatment of choice. However, the predictive criteria of the surgical treatment outcome are not defined. In this regard, it is important to search criteria contributing to prediction of the results of surgical treatment. According to the findings of the study revealed morphological indicators showing a significantly greater functional activity of the thyroid tissue in patients with postoperative thyrotoxicosis. This requires further study, which may have a significant contribution to the prognosis of postoperative outcomes among patients with Graves' disease.