bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Study on the Effect of Miniaturized Impeller Diameter on Mechanical Performance in a Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Muhammad Rashidi Abdul Kadir  , Mugabe Jean Paul  , Mohamad Ikhwan Kori  , Kahar Osman  , Aizai Azan Abdul Rahim  , Ahmad Zahran Md Khudzari
Published: November 2022

Heart failure continues to be a major global health problem causing significant health issues and deaths. Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) was developed as an alternative to heart transplant to support the patients with severe end stage heart failure. Despite the current advancement of LVAD, constant improvements are always being made in making it smaller LVADs tailored for patients with smaller physiology while still maintaining the flow ventricular pump capability to the body. This study evaluated the effect of using a smaller sized LVAD using Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and compared with the initial pump size at their respective designed rotating speed. Two model variants were studied, the initial design with 44.8mm diameter impeller (2000 rpm rotating speed) and the smaller 37.0 mm diameter impeller (2500 rpm rotating speed). These designs were compared by their key criteria mechanical performances particularly the produced pressure difference along a range of flowrate and the efficiency curve. At the required flowrate of 5 L/min, the smaller sized 37.0 mm impeller was able to deliver the flowrate at a slightly higher pressure difference of 114.60 mmHg as compared to the 44.8 mm impeller at 106.01 mmHg. In overall, both model variant produced similar pressure-flowrate curve with the 37.0 mm impeller performing marginally better at higher flowrates. Efficiency was able to be maintained at 49-60 percent despite being a smaller impeller at a faster rotating speed. Miniaturizing the LVAD has been numerically demonstrated to be feasible to produce the needed flow output at the required pressure difference without affect efficiency significantly .
Design and Development of Savonius Turbine for STEM Education
Authors: Nurul Asyikin Abu Bakar  , Nujjiya A. Mu’in  , Noorfazreena M. Kamaruddin
Published: November 2022

There are very few initiatives to engage students in learning about the sustainability of wind energy through Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics education, also known as STEM. This awareness is essential for future generations to instill interest and understanding in the significance of sustainable energy. Therefore, a practical, hands-on Savonius turbine demonstration kit has been designed for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education. Two models of drag-driven vertical axis 2-bladed and 3-bladed Savonius turbines were built to generate electricity and integrated with a model house as part of the STEM turbine kit. It was fabricated in-house and could display power using LED lights and actuating a few mechanical devices. The experimental study in this project aims to investigate and analyze the influence of the number of blades on turbine power performance in terms of power coefficient and torque coefficient with respect to tip speed ratio. The results revealed that the 3-bladed Savonius turbine has a higher power coefficient than the 2-bladed at a tip speed ratio of 0.109. However, the torque coefficient decreased as the tip speed ratio increased due to an increase in the number of blades that eventually created a reverse torque. It is also observed that the 3-bladed turbine generated the highest power output of 1.28 Watt at a speed of 38.8 m/s. The results also discovered that all the components could run more efficiently using the 3-bladed Savonius turbine. This kit demonstrates the ability to contribute to the education system in developing countries, such as Malaysia by supporting the construction of an engaging educational process with practical integration and low production costs.
TIME SERIES FORECASTING BY THE ARIMA METHOD
Authors: Bektemyssova Gulnara , Ahmad Abdul Rahim , Mirzakulova Sharafat , Ibraeva Zhanar
Published: November 2022

The variety of communication services and the growing number of different sensors with the appearance of IoT (Internet of Things) technology generate significantly different types of network traffic. This implies that the structure of network traffic will be heterogeneous, which requires deep analysis to find the internal features underlying the data. A common model for analyzing the processes of a multiservice network is a model based on time series.

Numerous empirical data studies indicate that the packet intensity time series do not belong to the general aggregates of a normal distribution.

The problem of predicting network traffic is still relevant due to managing information that flows into a heterogeneous network. 

In this work, the authors studied the time series for stationarity in order to select an appropriate forecasting model. A visual assessment of the series assumed non-stationarity. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test is applied, and the measured network traffic is predicted using the ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average) statistical method. Results were obtained using the Econometric Modeler Matlab (R2021b) application. The results of the autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial ACF are analyzed, with the help of which the ARIMA model is optimized. As a result of the study, a software algorithm for the ARIMA (0,2,1) model was developed.
THE CONCEPT OF THE SMART CITY OF ASTANA: ENERGY-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Toxanov S. , Neftissov A. , Abzhanova D. , Kazambayev I.
Published: November 2022

Digitalization of the economy is one of the priority tasks set in the development strategies of Kazakhstan. Currently, there is a rapid change in information and communication technologies (ICT). Emerging changes affect network technologies, computing and communication devices themselves, as well as data processing. As a result, information technologies are being used in an increasing number of spheres of human life and economic life. One of the relevant areas of scientific research is the sphere of the living environment, which is currently developing from the field of Smart Homes into the field of Smart City, Smart Transport system, etc.

Today, cities have become the main force of economic development and have taken a central place in production, consumption networks, the definition of social and economic relations and currently provide a significant share of the gross domestic product of many countries. Cities began to play a major role in national, regional, and global development. The quality of people's lives depends on them. Therefore, today, more than ever, special requirements are imposed on them, such as the availability of affordable urban infrastructure, high mobility, security of urban areas, environmental friendliness, and developed urban self-government. Governments and city government bodies are facing new challenges that should not only solve a whole range of emerging problems, but also carry out a radical transformation of cities. One of the key components of the transformation is intelligent electrical networks.

This article aims to identify and systematize technological, economic and other effects of the introduction of intelligent networks. The article analyzes current trends and approaches to urban planning with an emphasis on energy infrastructure. A comprehensive approach to the development of the power supply system is noted, the main directions of its intellectualization are highlighted. The general requirements for the "smart" power supply system of Astana are defined, a conceptual management model of the "smart" power system is developed, and the effects of its implementation are described.
SHIFT IN PARADIGM: STARTUP BUSINESS-INCUBATION AT UNIVERSITIES DURING THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE INSIDE OF CURRICULUM RATHER THAN EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS
Authors: Popov Vladimir
Published: November 2022

Diploma or Dropout - it is argued, whether graduation is more important than a successful startup. Students drop either college or their ideas. A presented exploratory study about the incubation of technological startups among students tries to solve this contradiction. The curricula business incubation as the educational discipline inside of the curriculum was offered in opposition to the extracurricular activities of students. There is not a lot of data about this model of student incubation outside of the university's entrepreneurship center and every contribution is valuable. The used research method is Qualitative studies, so the surveys among students are conducted during and after the incubation process on the educational discipline "Startup & Technological Entrepreneurship". At the end of this research, the framework was proposed, a set of actions, for helping students to go all the way from Idea to Product and Techno-Business. The framework is tested on a limited number of students in several universities in developing countries. The experiment is about embedding the syllabus into the Curriculum and measuring of achievements of students. The course is supposed to be elective and only students wishing to develop something are accepted. Later, interviews are conducted with two groups of students: those who passed the offered course and those who tried to develop startups independently. The final aim is to prove whether the inter-curricular framework works and how it overperforms other similar extra-curricular solutions.
Influence of Demographic Factors on Retirement Planning and Socio-Economic Status of Civil Servants in Uganda
Authors: Fabian Mwosi , Charles Edaku , Robina Mirembe , Eton Marus
Published: November 2022

This study provides a Ugandan perspective on the influence of demographic factors on retirement planning and the socio-economic status of civil servants. The study collected data from 236 pensioners using a questionnaire survey. The demographic factors included gender, marital status, age, income, and educational level. Using multiple regression, the study concludes that there is a low predictive influence of demographic factors on retirement planning and socio-economic status. Only educational level and monthly income have significant influences on retirement planning and the socioeconomic status of the retirees. This study offers a solid ground for increasing civil servants’ salaries in Uganda. Also, the government may consider identifying resources for the professional development needs of civil servants.
Constructing the Milky Way Stellar Halo in the Galactic Center by Direct Orbit Integration
Authors: Yang Chengqun , Zhu Ling , Tahmasebzadeh Behzad , Xue Xiang-Xiang , Liu Chao
Published: November 2022

The halo stars on highly-radial orbits should inevitably pass the center regions of the Milky Way. Under the assumption that the stellar halo is in “dynamical equilibrium” and is axisymmetric, we integrate the orbits of ∼10,000 halo K giants at 5 ≤ r ≤ 50 kpc cross-matched from LAMOST DR5 and Gaia DR3. By carefully considering the selection function, we construct the stellar halo distribution at the entire regions of r ≤ 50 kpc. We find that a double-broken power-law function well describes the stellar halo’s density distribution with shallower slopes in the inner regions and the two breaks at r = 10 kpc and r = 25 kpc, respectively. The stellar halo becomes flatter from outer to inner regions but has q ∼ 0.5 at r ≲ 5 kpc. The stellar halo becomes isotropic with a slight prograde rotation in the inner 5 kpc, and reaches velocity dispersions of ∼250 km s−1. We get a weak negative metallicity gradient of −0.005 dex kpc−1 at 5 ≤ r ≤ 50 kpc, while there is an excess of relative metal-rich stars with [Fe/H] > −1 in the inner 10 kpc. The halo interlopers at r ≤ 5 kpc from integration of our sample has a mass of ∼1.2 × 108
M
⊙ (∼4.7×107
M
⊙ at [Fe/H] < 1.5), which can explain 50–100% of the metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] < −1.5 directly observed in the Galactic central regions.
Transverse Vector Decomposition Method for Analytical Inversion of Exoplanet Transit Spectra
Authors: Matchev Konstantin T. , Matcheva Katia , Roman Alexander
Published: November 2022

We develop a new method for analytical inversion of binned exoplanet transit spectra and for retrieval of planet parameters. The method has a geometrical interpretation and treats each observed spectrum as a single vector

r
→

in the multidimensional spectral space of observed bin values. We decompose the observed

r
→

into two orthogonal components: a wavelength-independent component

r
→

∥

corresponding to the spectral mean across all observed bins, and a transverse component

r
→

⊥

that is wavelength dependent and contains the relevant information about the atmospheric chemistry. The method allows us to extract, without any prior assumptions or additional information, the relative mass (or volume) mixing ratios of the absorbers in the atmosphere, the scale height to stellar radius ratio, H/R

S
, and the atmospheric temperature. The method is illustrated and validated with several examples of increasing complexity.
The Velocity Dispersion Function for Massive Quiescent and Star-forming Galaxies at 0.6 < z ≤ 1.0
Authors: Taylor Lance , Bezanson Rachel , van der Wel Arjen , Pearl Alan , Bell Eric F. , D’Eugenio Francesco , Franx Marijn , Maseda Michael V. , Muzzin Adam , Sobral David , Straatman Caroline , Whitaker Katherine E. , Wu 吳 Po-Feng 柏鋒
Published: November 2022

We present the first direct spectroscopic measurement of the stellar velocity dispersion function (VDF) for massive quiescent and star-forming galaxies at 0.6 < z ≤ 1.0. For this analysis we use individual measurements of stellar velocity dispersion from high-signal-to-noise-ratio spectra from the public Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) survey. We report a remarkable stability of the VDF for both quiescent and star-forming galaxies within this redshift range, though we note the presence of weak evolution in the number densities of star-forming galaxies. We compare both VDFs with previous direct and inferred measurements at local and intermediate redshifts, with the caveat that previous measurements of the VDF for star-forming galaxies are poorly constrained at all epochs. We emphasize that this work is the first to directly push to low stellar velocity dispersion (σ
⋆ > 100 km s−1) and extend to star-forming galaxies. We are largely consistent with the high-sigma tail measured from BOSS, and we find that the VDF remains constant from the median redshift of LEGA-C, z ∼ 0.8, to the present day.
An Improved Calibration of the Wavelength Dependence of Metallicity on the Cepheid Leavitt Law
Authors: Breuval Louise , Riess Adam G. , Kervella Pierre , Anderson Richard I. , Romaniello Martino
Published: November 2022

The Cepheid period–luminosity (PL) relation (or Leavitt law) has served as the first rung of the most widely used extragalactic distance ladder and is central to the determination of the local value of the Hubble constant (H
0). We investigate the influence of metallicity on Cepheid brightness, a term that significantly improves the overall fit of the distance ladder, to better define its wavelength dependence. To this aim, we compare the PL relations obtained for three Cepheid samples having distinct chemical composition (in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds) and focusing on the use of improved and recent data while covering a metallicity range of about 1 dex. We estimate the metallicity effect (hereafter γ) in 15 filters from mid-IR to optical wavelengths, including five Wesenheit indices, and we derive a significant metallicity term in all filters, in agreement with recent empirical studies and models, in the sense of metal-rich Cepheids being brighter than metal-poor ones. We describe the contribution of various systematic effects in the determination of the γ term. We find no evidence of γ changing over the wavelength range 0.5–4.5 μm, indicating that the main influence of metallicity on Cepheids is in their luminosity rather than color. Finally, we identify factors that sharpen the empirical constraints on the metallicity term over past studies, including corrections for the depth of the Magellanic Clouds, better-calibrated Cepheid photometry, improved Milky Way extinction estimates, and revised and expanded metallicity measurements in the LMC.
Broadband X-Ray Spectral Analysis of the Dual AGN System Mrk 739
Authors: Inaba Koki , Ueda Yoshihiro , Yamada Satoshi , Ogawa Shoji , Uematsu Ryosuke , Tanimoto Atsushi , Ricci Claudio
Published: November 2022

We present the result of a broadband (0.5–70 keV) X-ray spectral analysis of the late-merger galaxy Mrk 739, which contains a dual active galactic nucleus (AGN), Mrk 739E and Mrk 739W, with a separation of ≈3.4 kpc. The spectra obtained with NuSTAR, Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Swift/BAT are simultaneously analyzed by separating the contributions from the two AGNs and extended emission with the Chandra data. To evaluate the reflection components from the AGN tori, we consider two models, a phenomenological one (pexrav and zgauss) and a more physically motivated one (XCLUMPY). On the basis of the results with XCLUMPY, we find that the AGNs in Mrk 739E and Mrk 739W have intrinsic 2–10 keV luminosities of 1.0 × 1043 and 7.5 × 1041 erg s−1 absorbed by hydrogen column densities of N
H < 6.5 × 1019 cm−2 and

N

H

=

6.9

−
1.7

+
3.2

×

10

21

cm

−
2

, respectively. The torus-covering fraction of the material with N
H > 1022cm−2 in Mrk 739E,

C

T

(
22
)

<
0.50

at a 90% confidence limit, is found to be smaller than those found for late-merger ultra/luminous infrared galaxies,

C

T

(
22
)

=
0.71
±
0.16

(mean and standard deviation). Considering the small star formation rate of Mrk 739E, we suggest that the gas-to-mass ratio of the host galaxy is an important parameter to determine the circumnuclear environment of an AGN in a late merger.
X-Ray Spectra from Weakly Magnetized Accretion Flows
Authors: Wallace John , Pe’er Asaf
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we expand upon previous work that argued for the possibility of a subequipartition magnetic field in the accretion flow of a black hole binary system. Using X-ray observations of the three well-known sources A0620-00, XTE J1118+480, and V404 Cyg during the quiescent state, we compare the theoretically expected spectral shape with the observed data in order to verify that the parameters of the subequipartition model are plausible. In all three cases, we find that it is possible to reproduce the spectral shape of the X-ray observations with a subequipartition flow. These findings support the idea that the quiescent state spectrum of X-ray binary systems is produced by a weakly magnetized accretion flow. A subequipartition flow would pose a significant challenge to our current understanding of jet launching, which relies on the presence of a strong magnetic field to power the jet.
A Population of Dipper Stars from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Mission
Authors: Capistrant Benjamin K. , Soares-Furtado Melinda , Vanderburg Andrew , Kounkel Marina , Rappaport Saul A. , Omohundro Mark , Powell Brian P. , Gagliano Robert , Jacobs Thomas , Kostov Veselin B. , Kristiansen Martti H. , LaCourse Daryll M. , Schmitt Allan R. , Schwengeler Hans Martin , Terentev Ivan A.
Published: November 2022

Dipper stars are a classification of young stellar objects that exhibit dimming variability in their light curves, dropping in brightness by 10%–50%, likely induced by occultations due to circumstellar disk material. This variability can be periodic, quasiperiodic, or aperiodic. Dipper stars have been discovered in young stellar associations via ground-based and space-based photometric surveys. We present the detection and characterization of the largest collection of dipper stars to date: 293 dipper stars, including 234 new dipper candidates. We have produced a catalog of these targets, which also includes young stellar variables that exhibit predominately burst-like variability and symmetric variability (equal parts bursting and dipping). The total number of catalog sources is 414. These variable sources were found in a visual survey of TESS light curves, where dip-like variability was observed. We found a typical age among our dipper sources of <5 Myr, with the age distribution peaking at ≈2 Myr, and a tail of the distribution extending to ages older than 20 Myr. Regardless of the age, our dipper candidates tend to exhibit infrared excess, which is indicative of the presence of disks. TESS is now observing the ecliptic plane, which is rich in young stellar associations, so we anticipate many more discoveries in the TESS data set. A larger sample of dipper stars would enhance the census statistics of light-curve morphologies and dipper ages.
New Methanol Maser Transitions and Maser Variability Identified from an Accretion Burst Source G358.93-0.03
Authors: Miao Dan , Chen Xi , Song Shi-Min , Sobolev Andrej M. , Breen Shari L. , MacLeod Gordon C. , Li Bin , Parfenov Sergey , Bisyarina Anastasia , Shen Zhi-Qiang
Published: November 2022

The high-mass young stellar object G358.93-0.03 underwent an accretion burst during the period from 2019 January to June. Given its extraordinary conditions, a number of new maser transitions may have been naturally excited during the burst stage. Searching for new maser lines and monitoring maser variability associated with the accretion burst event are important for understanding the complex conditions of the massive star formation toward G358.93-0.03. In this work, using the Shanghai 65 m Tianma Radio Telescope, we continuously monitored the multiple maser (including methanol and water) transitions toward G358.93-0.03 during the burst in the period from 2019 March 14 to May 20. There were 23 CH3OH maser transitions and one H2O maser transition detected from the monitoring. Nearly all the detected maser transitions toward this source have dramatic variations in their intensities within a short period of ∼2 months. Eight new methanol transitions from G358.93-0.03 were identified to be masering in our observations based on their spectral profile, line width, intensity, and the rotation diagram. During the monitoring, the gas temperature of the clouds in the case of saturated masers can show a significant decline, indicating that the maser clouds were going through a cooling process, possibly associated with the propagation of a heat wave induced by the accretion burst. Some of the maser transitions were even detected with the second flares in 2019 April, which may be associated with the process of the heat-wave propagation induced by the same accretion burst acting on different maser positions.
Optimal Defocus for Phase Diversity Wave Front Retrieval
Authors: Bailén F. J. , Orozco Suárez D. , Blanco Rodríguez J. , del Toro Iniesta J. C.
Published: November 2022

Phase diversity techniques are widely employed in solar astronomy to evaluate and correct the aberrations stemming from atmospheric turbulences, the telescope, and its instruments. The method uses information provided by a pair of images. One of them is usually focused while the other one is defocused. The amount of defocus to be induced is somehow arbitrary, though. In this work we carry out a series of numerical experiments with artificial solar images to investigate the performance of phase diversity for different choices of the relative defocus among the two images. The experiments allow us to determine the amount of defocus that produces the best wave front restoration when changing: (1) the number of Zernike polynomials of the retrieved and/or incident wave fronts; (2) the signal-to-noise ratio of the images; (3) the amplitude of the incident aberrations; and (4) the observed scene. We find a correlation between the amount of defocus needed for optimal restorations and the number of Zernike polynomials employed in the optimization. Values larger than the typically accepted choice of 1λ (peak to peak) are obtained in most cases.
Performance of Sequential Phase Diversity with Dynamical Solar Scenes
Authors: Bailén F. J. , Orozco Suárez D. , Blanco Rodríguez J. , del Toro Iniesta J. C.
Published: November 2022

Phase diversity techniques are usually based on the comparison of synchronously acquired pairs of focused–defocused images. This way, differences between both images are avoided except from random pixel variations due to noise on the detector and the phase diversity itself. In some astronomical instruments, though, the two images are not taken simultaneously. This work studies the impact of carrying out phase diversity with pairs of asynchronously acquired images while observing an evolving solar scene. We evaluate the performance of this technique as a function of the time gap between the images through the use of a magnetohydrodynamical simulation of the solar scene as observed by an instrument. We describe the incident wave front with two numbers of Zernike polynomials (20 or 32) to explore their effect on the wave front sensing accuracy and we employ two levels of noise to study their impact in the object restoration. We find that a time gap among our simulation images smaller than ∼10 s has a negligible impact on the performance of the method. The rms error of the Zernike coefficients fitting worsens exponentially from there on, but the evolution is similar no matter the number of polynomials used in the fitting. Meanwhile, the quality of the object restoration benefits from lower noise levels, but it decreases linearly with the time gap independently of the amount of noise.
Polarization-sensitive Compton Scattering by Accelerated Electrons
Authors: Mościbrodzka Monika A.
Published: November 2022

We describe upgrades to a numerical code that computes synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission from relativistic plasma including full polarization. The introduced upgrades concern a scattering kernel that is now capable of scattering the polarized and unpolarized photons on a nonthermal population of electrons. We describe the scheme to approach this problem and we test the numerical code against a known analytic solution. Finally, using the upgraded code, we predict the polarization of light that is scattered off subrelativistic thermal or relativistic thermal and nonthermal free electrons. The upgraded code enables more realistic simulations of emissions from plasma jets associated with accreting compact objects.
Dust Temperature Uncertainties Hamper the Inference of Dust and Molecular Gas Masses from the Dust Continuum Emission of Quiescent High-redshift Galaxies
Authors: Cochrane R. K. , Hayward C. C. , Anglés-Alcázar D.
Published: November 2022

Single flux density measurements at observed-frame submillimeter and millimeter wavelengths are commonly used to probe dust and gas masses in galaxies. In this Letter, we explore the robustness of this method to infer dust mass, focusing on quiescent galaxies, using a series of controlled experiments on four massive halos from the Feedback in Realistic Environments project. Our starting point is four star-forming central galaxies at seven redshifts between z = 1.5 and z = 4.5. We generate modified quiescent galaxies that have been quenched for 100 Myr, 500 Myr, or 1 Gyr prior to each of the studied redshifts by reassigning stellar ages. We derive spectral energy distributions for each fiducial and modified galaxy using radiative transfer. We demonstrate that the dust mass inferred is highly dependent on the assumed dust temperature, T
dust, which is often unconstrained observationally. Motivated by recent work on quiescent galaxies that assumed T
dust ∼ 25 K, we show that the ratio between dust mass and 1.3 mm flux density can be higher than inferred by up to an order of magnitude, due to the considerably lower dust temperatures seen in non-star-forming galaxies. This can lead to an underestimation of dust mass (and, when submillimeter flux density is used as a proxy for molecular gas content and gas mass). This underestimation is most severe at higher redshifts, where the observed-frame 1.3 mm flux density probes rest-frame wavelengths far from the Rayleigh–Jeans regime, and hence depends superlinearly on dust temperature. We fit relations between ratios of rest-frame far-infrared flux densities and mass-weighted dust temperature that can be used to constrain dust temperatures from observations and hence derive more reliable dust and molecular gas masses.
The first complete mitochondrial genome of Matsucoccidae (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) and implications for its phylogenetic position
Authors: Hu Kai , Yu Sanpeng , Zhang Niannian , Tian Maojuan , Ban Qiming , Fan Zhongliang , Qiu Jiansheng
Published: November 2022

The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) has been extensively used to better understand the phylogenetic relationships within the hemipteran suborder Sternorrhyncha, but sequenced mitogenomes remain unavailable for the entire family Matsucoccidae to date. To address this, here we sequenced the complete mitogenome of Matsucoccus matsumurae; the first for this family. The mitogenome is 15,360 bp in size and comprises the typical set of 37 mitochondrial genes and a large non-coding region (AT-rich region). Gene order, nucleotide composition and codon usage of protein-coding genes (PCGs) of M. matsumurae differ considerably from those of the other two sequenced Coccidae species. All PCGs were initiated by the ATN start codons and ended with the TAA/G or single T-- stop codons. Nine transfer RNA genes could be folded into typical clover-leaf secondary structures. The length and AT content of the ribosomal RNA genes are highly conserved in the Coccoidea mitogenomes. In contrast, the AT-rich control region is highly variable in size and in the number of tandem repeats. The sliding window analysis showed that the cox1 gene is the most conserved amongst the 13 PCGs, while the ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates indicated that the evolution of this mitogenome has been dominated by positive selection. Phylogenetic analyses, based on nucleotide sequence data of 37 mitochondrial genes and amino acid sequence data of 13 PCGs using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood methods, showed that Matsucoccidae diverged before the Coccidae.
An updated checklist of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Bulgaria, after 130 years of research
Authors: Lapeva-Gjonova Albena , Antonova Vera
Published: November 2022

The Bulgarian myrmecofauna is one of the richest in the Balkans. This is a result of both the physicogeographical and paleoecological features of the area, as well as relatively well-studied fauna. The earliest myrmecological paper on Bulgarian fauna, listing 54 species, was published 130 years ago. The publication was later followed by numerous new faunistic records and three comprehensive reviews that significantly widened knowledge on the ant diversity from this country. The most recent checklist was released 12 years ago and considered 163 ant species from 40 genera.

This work provides an updated checklist of 195 ant species from 43 genera occurring in Bulgaria. Since the last Bulgarian catalogue of ants, 44 species have been added, while 24 species have been synonymised or excluded after critical analysis of the last taxonomic revisions. Additionally, we discuss the status and distribution of 12 species described from Bulgaria, 23 species considered endemic and subendemic for this country, 19 species with conservation status and four non-native species.
La Seine-Saint-Denis en 2022 : une gauche forte, une abstention aiguë, des inégalités croissantes
Authors: Serisier Wilfried
Published: November 2022

En Seine-Saint-Denis, dans ce territoire de la périphérie de la métropole francilienne, connue pour être la banlieue rouge à un moment de son histoire, à l’issue de la séquence présidentielle/législative 2022, l’hégémonie de la gauche est plus que confirmée avec des scores rarement atteints pour les candidatures de gauche au premier tour de l’élection présidentielle en France, confirmés par le « grand chelem » des législatives. Les résultats nationaux confirment une reconfiguration des rapports de force installés depuis des années et peuvent questionner sur l’avenir de la banlieue rouge. Ces dynamiques politiques s’inscrivent dans la montée encore forte de l’abstention et une question postcoloniale toujours aussi préoccupante. La réalité territoriale se modifie progressivement avec les chantiers du Grand Paris Express et des Jeux Olympiques et Paralympiques de 2024 sans que pour autant les inégalités sociales et territoriales freinent et sans qu’un pouvoir métropolitain fort n’émerge malgré vingt ans de débat.
Marseille : recomposition électorale toujours en cours
Authors: Manternach Sylvain
Published: November 2022

À Marseille, Jean-Luc Mélenchon a nettement dominé la concurrence lors du premier tour de l’élection présidentielle avec 31,1 % des suffrages. Emmanuel Macron a vu les électeurs de gauche se détourner de lui mais il a pu compter sur les voix des électeurs de droite pour se classer en deuxième position (22,6 %). Marine Le Pen finit troisième (20,9 %), en légère baisse, mais remporte largement son duel avec Éric Zemmour (11,1 %). La nette domination de la gauche (38,4 % des voix contre 25,6 % pour la droite libérale et 32 % pour l’extrême droite) ne s’est pourtant traduite que par la victoire dans trois circonscriptions sur sept à Marseille malgré l’union (Nupes) réalisée à l’initiative de La France insoumise. La très forte abstention, notamment dans les cités, mais également la très forte ségrégation territoriale à Marseille ont empêché la gauche de réaliser un meilleur résultat. L’extrême droite (RN) a profité de cette forte abstention et de reports de voix d’électeurs de la majorité présidentielle pour emporter sa première victoire législative à Marseille.
La coachisation de l’intervention sociale et ses effets intersubjectifs
Authors: Potier Elwis
Published: November 2022

La modernisation de l’action publique en France et la recherche de la rentabilité et de la performance dans les services publics, y compris dans le champ social, ont favorisé la diffusion du coaching dans l’intervention sociale. À partir de l’analyse de deux supervisions individuelles de professionnelles de ce champ ayant eu auparavant différentes expériences de coaching, l’article met en évidence les effets intersubjectifs du coaching sur leurs mouvements internes et leurs pratiques, dans leur rapport à l’action et au groupe comme entité psychosociale. Ces incidences psychiques et sociales liées à l’intégration du coaching comme forme d’intervention montrent comment ces personnes adoptent un « mode optatif » pour agir en situation de fortes tensions et ont tendance à penser le collectif en oblitérant la subjectivité du groupe. De plus, les différentes temporalités qui traversent les situations se trouvent homogénéisées et mécanisées, comme si la temporalité de l’organisation était incorporée dans celle de l’individu.
Le coaching dans les grandes écoles de management… et leurs programmes de développement du leadership
Authors: Boback Peter , Guibert-Pavillet Caroline
Published: November 2022

L’article commence par l’esquisse d’une phénoménologie du coaching dans le contexte des grandes écoles de management, complétée par une courte observation des participants concernés et par une description sociodynamique du coaching en tant qu’espace de transition pour l’apprentissage et le développement. La deuxième partie focalise sur les programmes de développement du leadership conceptualisés comme des « laboratoires d’identité », misant sur la transformation personnelle et l’acquisition de portabilité en tant que conditions préalables pour naviguer avec succès dans un monde néolibéral. L’auteur met l’accent sur les implications de ce nouvel « agenda éducationnel » pour le coaching d’un point de vue clinique et critique. Si le point de vue clinique se centre sur le rôle du coaching comme soutien et support du développement, la perspective critique, elle, est interpellée par l’émergence d’un nouveau « méta-agenda éducationnel » fournissant la carte mentale et psychologique de la gouvernementalité (Foucault) du leader néolibéral.
Risques éthiques de l’intelligence artificielle
Authors: Lejealle Catherine
Published: November 2022

Le promoteur immobilier Cogedim est confronté à l’arrivée d’une technologie émergente : les objets connectés pilotés par l’intelligence artificielle. L’équipe chargée de l’innovation observe que l’offre est disponible mais que les clients sont réticents. Si la collecte de données personnelles permet de personnaliser les usages et d’apporter un bénéfice notoire, elle menace la vie privée et le libre choix des usages. Le cas propose une réflexion sur l’adoption des objets connectés par les habitants du foyer. Cogedim doit trouver un équilibre entre les bénéfices et les risques induits, afin de proposer une offre éthiquement responsable acceptable par ses clients.
Enjeux réglementaires de la maîtrise des risques liés aux nouvelles technologies de l’hydrogène
Authors: Debray Bruno , Weinberger Benno , Lahaie Franz
Published: November 2022

L’hydrogène en tant que vecteur énergétique est identifié comme une brique technologique pour la transition vers une énergie à faible émission de carbone. Le nombre des installations mettant en œuvre l’hydrogène et des véhicules utilisant ce gaz comme carburant est appelé à augmenter. Leur diversité devrait également s’accroître. La réglementation va devoir accompagner ces évolutions. Nous présentons dans cet article le cadre réglementaire général applicable aux technologies de l’hydrogène et quelques-uns des enjeux et défis de l’adaptation de ces réglementations pour favoriser l’essor des installations et composants nécessaires à la production de ce gaz et de ses nouvelles applications en matière de mobilité.
Un cursus d’excellence pour former des ingénieurs-experts en matière d’hydrogène-énergie
Authors: Yousfi Steiner Nadia
Published: November 2022

Lauréat du programme « Initiatives d’excellence en formations innovantes » mis en place par le gouvernement en 2012, le cursus Master en ingénierie (CMI) du réseau FIGURE a conduit à une transformation profonde et durable des universités tant en termes de pratiques d’enseignement qu’en termes de qualité des formations dispensées. Le CMI H3E est l’un de ces cursus ; il a été créé en 2014 à l’Université de Franche-Comté pour former des cadres scientifiques et techniques aux métiers de l’hydrogène, des étudiants devant faire preuve de capacités d’innovation et d’une ouverture sociétale renforcées. Bénéficiant d’un écosystème Formation-Recherche-Industrie exceptionnel ‒ deux grands laboratoires pionniers dans le domaine de l’hydrogène, un tissu industriel fortement impliqué, une région labélisée « Territoire Hydrogène » dès 2016 et une université qui compte l’hydrogène parmi ses thèmes prioritaires de formation ‒, le CMI H3E œuvre à proposer une formation d’excellence pour une filière en plein essor. Il s’appuie pour cela sur une offre de formation se déclinant en deux masters (en ingénierie électrique et en ingénierie thermique) et sur un corps professoral constitué d’experts reconnus.
La décarbonation de la filière sidérurgique : les enjeux du défi de l’« acier vert »
Authors: Birat Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2022

La sidérurgie, qui est à l’origine dans le monde de 7 % des émissions anthropiques de gaz à effet de serre, est confrontée au défi de réduire ses émissions de 55 % en 2030 et d’atteindre la neutralité carbone, le « Net Zéro », d’ici à 2050. Comme l’acier restera longtemps nécessaire à la société, des solutions en rupture sont à mettre en œuvre pour atteindre ces objectifs très ambitieux. La R&D a été très active depuis trente ans pour les décrire et les expérimenter jusqu’à atteindre des niveaux élevés de maturité technologique (TRL ‒ Technology Readiness Level). Si elles ne sont pas encore complètement mûres, c’est que le business model nécessaire pour les financer reste élusif. Une des solutions est la réduction directe du minerai de fer à l’hydrogène vert en substitution à la réduction-fusion au carbone dans les hauts fourneaux. Dans cet article, nous faisons le point sur les voies de rupture envisagées en insistant sur l’hydrogène : en France, des projets très avancés sont en cours chez ArcelorMittal. De même, dans la « Grande région Sarlorlux », une production d’hydrogène est en projet sur le territoire français avant d’être injectée dans les hauts fourneaux sarrois.
Le projet HyPSTER : émergence d’une nouvelle forme de stockage massif de l’hydrogène essentielle à l’atteinte de la neutralité carbone
Authors: Moret Yann-Éric
Published: November 2022

Afin d’atteindre la neutralité carbone en 2050, l’Europe mise aujourd’hui sur l’hydrogène renouvelable. Or, l’utilisation émergente de ce nouveau vecteur énergétique devra être accompagnée de solutions de stockage massif, et ce d’autant plus dans le contexte actuel d’insécurité de l’approvisionnement en gaz russe. Technique éprouvée depuis plus de cinquante ans pour stocker du gaz naturel, le stockage souterrain en cavité saline est l’une des méthodes les plus prometteuses pour répondre au besoin d’un stockage de l’hydrogène à la fois massif et à haute réactivité, afin de maîtriser l’intermittence de la production d’hydrogène renouvelable. Le développement d’une telle solution de stockage diminuera par ailleurs les coûts pour l’ensemble de la chaîne opérationnelle de l’hydrogène. Sa mise en œuvre à grande échelle nécessite toutefois la validation préalable de certains paramètres techniques. C’est dans cette optique que la société Storengy a lancé le projet HyPSTER, qui constitue le premier projet pilote de stockage d’hydrogène pur en cavité saline afin d’en assurer la reproductibilité sur le plan économique et industriel. Dans cet article, nous présentons les problématiques techniques nouvelles soulevées par le stockage d’hydrogène en cavité saline, ainsi qu’une analyse de son intérêt sur le plan stratégique.
La découverte de l’hydrogène naturel par Hydroma, un « Game Changer » pour la transition énergétique
Authors: Diallo Asma , Cissé Cheick Sidi Tahara , Lemay Jacques , Brière Denis Joseph
Published: November 2022

Le dihydrogène, communément appelé « hydrogène », figure au premier rang des solutions identifiées pour atteindre la neutralité carbone. À ce jour, c’est toute une palette de couleurs, aussi riche qu’un arc-en-ciel, qui est utilisée pour le catégoriser selon son empreinte carbone et sa valeur environnementale (vert, bleu, etc.). Une couleur dont on ne parle que trop peu, c’est l’hydrogène blanc, aussi appelée « gold hydrogen », ou encore « hydrogène naturel », voire « hydrogène natif ». L’hydrogène naturel est une nouvelle source d’énergie primaire renouvelable, qui permet d’accélérer l’atteinte des objectifs climatiques mondiaux. À l’origine de cette découverte, faite au Mali, Hydroma Inc., la société canadienne de l’entrepreneur malien, Aliou Diallo, qui a su faire preuve de résilience et d’innovation dans un contexte sécuritaire et sous-régional complexe. Dans cet article, nous retraçons le chemin parcouru, de la découverte de l’hydrogène naturel jusqu’à son usage dans l’unité pilote de Bourakebougou. Nous présentons également les enjeux et les perspectives de cette découverte pour le continent africain et la transition énergétique.
The Relationship Between Health Literacy and Mental Health Attitudes and Beliefs
Authors: Fleary Sasha A. , Joseph Patrece L. , Gonçalves Carolina , Somogie Jessica , Angeles Jessica
Published: November 2022

Background:

Mental health first aid programs show promise in reducing stigma and increasing help-seeking. However, the success of these and other mental health interventions are likely affected by health literacy. Yet, health literacy is understudied in the mental health literature and rarely considered in mental health interventions.

Objective:

This study explored the relationship between health literacy and mental health stigma, aversion to mental health help-seeking, and willingness to interact with individuals with mental illnesses.

Methods:

Adults (
N
= 601, mean age = 45.64) completed online surveys of their health literacy and mental health attitudes and beliefs. Hierarchal linear regression models were estimated to examine the relationship between health literacy and mental health attitudes and beliefs. Path models were estimated to determine if stigma mediated the relationship between health literacy and (1) aversion to help-seeking and (2) willingness to interact with individuals with mental illnesses.

Key Results:

Adults with higher functional and communicative health literacy had lower mental health stigma and aversion to mental health help-seeking. Adults with higher communicative health literacy and empowerment were more willing to interact with individuals with mental illnesses. Mental health stigma partially mediated the relationships between communicative health literacy and aversion to mental health help-seeking and willingness to interact with individuals with mental illnesses. Mental health stigma fully mediated the relationships between functional health literacy and aversion to mental health help-seeking and willingness to interact with individuals with mental illnesses.

Conclusions:

Results support including health literacy in mental health interventions and reiterate addressing stigma in community and clinical settings. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2022;6(4):e270–e279.

]

Plain Language Summary:

Many adults with mental health problems do not get help because of negative beliefs about mental health. We found that adults with more skills for accessing, understanding, and using health information had fewer negative opinions and were more willing to interact with others with mental health problems. Improving those skills may reduce negative opinions about mental health and seeking help.
Determinants of the adoption of tiny houses and their role in alleviating housing shortages in Germany
Authors: Vasseur Véronique , Sing Jessica , Short Samuel W.
Published: November 2022

The lack of affordable housing and the considerable negative environmental impact of the housing sector pose significant challenges for policymakers. Tiny houses have been proposed as a potential solution, but there is still limited understanding of consumer behaviour and attitudes towards such solutions. This study looked at the adoption of tiny houses in Germany by applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour as a theoretical framework to explore demographic and socio-economic factors, motivations, and barriers for living in tiny houses. Data was collected through interviews and an online survey. The results showed a statistically significant positive relationship between intention to live in a tiny house and age, and a significant negative relationship between intention and current accommodation size. Main motivations found in this research were sustainability, cost reduction, freedom, minimalism, mobility, and a sense of community. The main barriers included legal restrictions and a negative perception of minimalism. The lessons learned from this research were: (1) COVID-19 had a negative impact on about 40% of participants, but a statistically significant positive impact on those who were already interested in small houses. (2) Although tiny houses located in cities would be preferable to meet the need for well-connected, high-density housing solutions for young and elderly people and to alleviate the housing shortage, most people seem to be interested in rather rural tiny houses. (3) Minimalism is both a motivator and a barrier to interest in tiny houses, but with a societal shift towards sustainability could become more of a motivator. (4) Interest in tiny homes often builds on financial constraints and limited alternative housing options. (5) The Theory of Planned Behaviour proved to be a sound theoretical framework for this research.