bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental consequences of a galvanising plant fire
Authors: Świercz Anna , Szwed Mirosław , Bąk Łukasz
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to determine the concentration of selected heavy metals in soil contaminated with galvanising fume resulting from a fire in a galvanising plant. Surface horizon of soil exposed to contamination by toxic fumes due to the fire of a galvanising plant in Dębska Wola near Kielce (SE Poland) was analysed. Soil samples were collected in an agricultural area of 12 ha after the plant’s failure in 2019 and three years after the fire in 2022. Grain-size distribution, pH and concentration of zinc, lead and cadmium were determined. The acceptable values of pollutants were significantly exceeded in soil (Znmax – 2007.3 mg∙kg−1 DM, Pbmax – 509.5 mg∙kg−1 DM, Cdmax – 17.1 mg∙kg−1 DM in 0–5 cm horizon) and reduced in control samples (Znmax – 756.1 mg∙kg−1 DM, Pbmax – 320.1 mg∙kg−1 DM, Cdmax – 15 mg∙kg−1 DM). In the organic-mineral horizon the concentrations declined by an average of Zn – 41.8%, Pb – 26.1% and Cd – 16.3%, while in the mineral horizon by 27.8% (Zn), 26.7% (Pb) and 15.6% (Cd). Industrial plants, in which thermal treatment of molten metals is conducted, pose a real threat to the environment in the case of a failure. In order to minimise the effects of potential leaks, their location should be thoroughly considered. The course and consequences of accidents should be monitored during the event (such as fire) and in the long term (e.g. with the use of bioindicators).
Research on the Strategy of Sustainable Development of Leisure Sports and Rural Tourism Industry with the Help of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yang Yun
Published: October 2024

At this stage, along with the rapid development of science and information technology, the era of artificial intelligence is gradually coming. This topic takes the travelogue text of leisure sports and rural tourism as the research object, uses the improved TF-IDF algorithm for keyword extraction, and analyzes tourists’ image perception of leisure sports and rural tourism. Then, we combine the tourists’ perceptions with the selection of relevant variables, set the fixed effect and moderating effect models, and use the OLS method to carry out regression analysis and heterogeneity analysis to verify the role of artificial intelligence in the development of leisure sports and rural tourism. The perception of tourist attractions (48.33%) and tourist facilities (20.87%) in leisure sports and rural tourism was the most impressive to tourists. It confirms that AI has a significant inverted “U”-shaped effect on the development of leisure sports and rural tourism. The development of leisure sports and rural tourism should conform to the new pattern of “AI+Sports Tourism”, highlight the “characteristics” of leisure sports and rural tourism, and let “AI+” become a “help” for the development of leisure sports and rural tourism. Let “Artificial Intelligence+” become a booster for the development of leisure sports and rural tourism.
Optimization of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation on the extraction efficiency of kitchen waste oil and grease considering multiple factors
Authors: Hu Xiaoqing
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the effect of temperature on the extraction efficiency of oil and grease from anaerobically fermented kitchen waste was investigated through the analysis of pilot tests. Based on the results of multifactorial experiments, factors such as solid-liquid ratio and extraction time that affect oil and grease extraction were conditioned by combining the principle of response surface optimization experimental design. The optimal conditions for anaerobic fermentation for extracting kitchen waste oil and grease were obtained through response surface optimization experiments. Using the microwave-assisted solvent method, the effects of solvent type, extraction method, microwave power, temperature, time, and solid-liquid ratio on the oil and fat yield were investigated, and the experimental model was obtained by using the response surface. It was found that the extraction time (50 min), extraction temperature (110 ℃~130 ℃), and solid-liquid ratio (1:15 (mL/g)) had a greater effect on the oil yield. The experimental values basically coincided with the predicted values of the model, indicating that the model is real and reliable and can well predict the extraction efficiency of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation on kitchen waste oil and grease.
Research on optimization of talent cultivation mode of industry-teaching integration for mechanical majors in higher vocational colleges based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Liu Lanlan
Published: October 2024

Many researchers and educational institutions are committed to exploring the modes and strategies of industry-education integration, which promotes the close connection between education and industrial needs by jointly carrying out teaching, research, and practice activities. This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization strategy based on genetic algorithms, which aims to enhance and optimize the talent cultivation model through adjustments to the resource matching scheme and teaching task allocation scheme for industry-education integration. The mechanical specialty of a higher vocational college puts forward 10 kinds of industry-teaching integration teaching resource allocation schemes based on teaching tasks, combined with enterprise demand and students’ ability, and substitutes them into the constructed multi-objective integration model, and solves them by genetic algorithm to arrive at the optimal resource allocation scheme G, which has an adaptability value of 0.571, and the matching degree of teaching task 6 under the industry-teaching integration teaching resource allocation scheme G is the highest, which means that the mechanical specialty needs to strengthen the professional knowledge teaching about task 6. Teaching of specialized knowledge about task 6. Additionally, the satisfaction distribution graph from the questionnaire data indicates that students feel more content with the construction and development of the mechanical specialty during the optimized talent cultivation mode of industry-teaching integration. The results of the expert evaluation demonstrate that the integration of industry and education not only yields outstanding outcomes in collaborative education and training (4.32 points) but also partially addresses the talent shortage in positions (4.13 points). However, it still requires enhancement in the professional environment (3.13 points).
Ensemble numerical weather prediction model to improve the efficiency of Henan parameterization scheme
Authors: Ma Xiaojiu , Wang Jinggang , Liu Zhe , Liu Bo , Yuan Liang , Pei Pei , Sun Xin
Published: October 2024

China has highly emphasized the research and operational application of numerical weather prediction. This paper determines the objective function parameters, such as CAPE and SRH, to apply an ensemble numerical prediction model in weather forecasting. Preprocessing and evaluating rainfall data is necessary to construct the WRF-ARW numerical weather prediction model. The WRF-ARW model is applied to simulate the weather forecasts in Henan Province, and the difficulties and challenges faced in the efficient implementation of the parameterized scheme are outlined. The WRFARW model’s prediction errors for the maximum rainfall and total rainfall in Henan Province range from 1.78%-13.51% and 0.16%-3.78%, respectively, which are significantly less than 15%, and the model is more predictive than the others. The raw data test set’s credibility ranges from 0.957 to 0.997, which is close to 1, indicating that the raw data collected in this paper are highly credible. The WRF-ARW model’s qualification rates for forecasting maximum rainfall and total rainfall are 86.7% and 93.3%, respectively, and its overall accuracy is grade B and grade A, respectively. The pass rates for the peak occurrence time of maximum rainfall and total rainfall were 93.3% and 86.7%, respectively, and the overall prediction accuracy was Grade A and Grade B, respectively. The WRF-ARW model is effective in weather forecasting throughout Henan Province. In summary, the WRF-ARW model is very effective in improving the efficiency of ensemble numerical weather prediction and parameterization schemes in Henan Province.
Isomorphism. A Pathway to Institutionalize Intellectual Property in the Pacific Alliance
Authors: Lopez-Leyva Santos , Martínez Juan Gabriel
Published: October 2024

The objective of this article is to analyze the process of institutionalization of Intellectual Property (IP) in the Pacific Alliance (PA) from its origin in 2011 to 2020. This organization is made up of four countries: Colombia, Chile, Mexico and Peru. The theoretical foundation is located in the theory of neo-institutionalism, which grounds the analysis of isomorphism and institutional immersion regarding international agreements and political factions within the economic bloc. The question of this work is: What kinds of isomorphism and institutional immersion prevail in the IP documents assumed by the countries of the PA from 2011 to 2020? Two groups of documents were analyzed: the first group is made up of the documents that constitute the regulatory framework of IP in the international context, and the second group is made up of the documents that have been approved by the PA in this field. In the international context, seventeen treaties on intellectual property are analyzed under the scheme of the three types of isomorphism: coercive, mimetic and normative. Since its foundation, the PA has signed 27 documents related to intellectual property, which are distributed in the three types of isomorphism, where eight belong to the mimetic, seven coercive, ten normative and two mimetic and normative. Another concept that is analyzed is that of institutional immersion; under this scheme, seventeen documents signed by the Pacific Alliance are reviewed, where thirteen seek to promote cooperation, and five are mandated. It was found that mimicry maintains a strong influence in international intellectual property agreements; this is the result of institutional weakness; weak institutions seek to imitate the most successful ones, but it is also a consequence of tendencies to promote international cooperation. The continuation of this work should be aimed at explaining the influence of the institutionalization of intellectual property on the innovation indicators of the PA.
Monitoring and Tracking the Long-Term Stability of the Subsidence Cone at Salina Ocna Dej
Authors: Balasz Csaba , Glonţ Cristiana , Vereş Ioel , Fissgus Klaus
Published: October 2024

The analysis of the subsidence cone at Salina Ocna Dej involved modern measurement techniques, including drones, to evaluate terrain changes and generate a detailed 3D model. Data collection occurred in two stages, in 2021 and 2022, utilizing drones to capture a large number of high-resolution images (5472x3648 pixels) [1], resulting in a significant volume of data. These images were processed using specialized software to create a 3D model, employing advanced alignment, data fusion, and interpolation techniques. The results demonstrated that using drones offers considerable benefits over traditional methods, including increased accuracy and reduced time and resource consumption [2], with minimal errors recorded at just 0.7 mm. The project emphasized the importance of adapting initial plans to field conditions and considering weather forecasts to prevent accidents. Post-processing the data enabled clear delineation of the subsidence contour and slope angles, facilitating their integration into the analysis of other mining activities in the region. The generated 3D model serves as a reference for monitoring subsidence evolution and assessing risks to nearby residences. Continuous measurement and constant monitoring of the subsidence cone are essential to prevent potential future damage caused by slope instability and erosion.
Theory and Practice of Developments in the Field of Separation and Extraction of Metals at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises
Authors: Lyashenko V.I. , Shapovalov V.A. , Dyatchin V.S. , Uchytel S.O.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the theory and practice of development in the field of separation and extraction of metals at mining and metallurgical enterprises through the creation and implementation of mine and bunker vibrating feeders, vibrating screen feeders and new designs of screening surfaces for them, as well as devices for eliminating buildup in bunkers. New scientific and practical results of research on the substantiation of improved vibrating machines for auxiliary mining operations are presented, including: vibrating mining feeders of the PVG type; vibrating hopper feeders such as PVB and ZhVB; vibrating feeders-screens of the PGV and GPV types; sifting surfaces for them; devices for eliminating equilibrium arches and material adhesion in bunkers; complex for screening and feeding coke breeze into the crusher; vibration delivery and ballasting installations; sleeper tamping vibration installation, as well as a rock mass transfer point in the quarry. A new mathematical model of the tamping process and a method for improving the tamping mechanism are proposed, which will increase the productivity of the sleeper tamping vibration installation. New vibration complexes make it possible to reduce the energy intensity of crushing by 15% and reduce the wear of the working surfaces of the crusher. It is shown that the construction of transfer points is carried out without additional preparation of the entire working bench. The operational capacity of the warehouse is selected within the range of 15–25 thousand m3 of rock mass. when used for loading iron ore cars with EKG-8I excavators with a daily productivity of up to 5000 m3, the warehouse stock is 3-5 days. The minimum specific energy intensity of release and loading of one ton of rock mass at the maximum value of productivity is ensured at frequencies of forced oscillations of the system ω = 15.5–17.5 Hz. The efficiency of the feeder-screen operation with spatial oscillations of the working body created by two multidirectional driving forces applied at two points at a distance from each other equal to 0.5 was determined. the width of the working body increases by 15%. Developers of technical documentation – SE “UkrNIPIIpromtekhnologii” (Zhovti Vody, Ukraine); Manufacturers: Krivoy Rog Ore Repair Plant (Krivoy Rog, Ukraine); Mechanical repair plant of the State Enterprise "Vostok GOK" (Zhovti Vody, Ukraine); Mechanical repair workshops of quarries, mines and processing plants, etc. It has been established that the research results represent a step in the theoretical generalization of the problem of developing the theory of interaction of grinding media in the grinding chambers of mills and increasing the efficiency of equipment for fine grinding of rocks, which is important for mining and metallurgical enterprises.
Assessment of the Risk of Technical Incidents, Disturbances and Damages at Lupeni Mine
Authors: Safta Gheorghe Eugen , Săvulescu Manuel Cristian , Grecu Florin Mureşan – , Șchiopu Adrian Mihai , Cruceru Emanuel Alin , Fîţă Nicolae Daniel
Published: October 2024

The assessment of technical incident risk, disturbance or technical damage at Lupeni Mine comes in the context in which the possibility of a power failure is very likely due to very old coal mining methods, very precarious facilities and equipment and lack of investment. The danger of electric shock is imminent and poses a clear threat to the safety of the workers. In some unfortunate cases, failure to comply with electrical safety can cause the risk of life-threatening explosions of underground workers. The authors assessed the risk of technical incident, technical disturbance or technical damage and developed recommendations on how to eliminate such risks.
Is My Anger Justified? The Influence of Gendered Racial Identity Centrality on the Relationship Between Internalization of the Sapphire Stereotype and Disengagement Coping Among Black Women
Authors: Johnson Nailah , Farmer Makyra , Dickens Danielle D.
Published: October 2024

Historically, Black women have been susceptible to the effects of race- and gender-related stress, such as the sexually promiscuous Jezebel or the motherly Mammy stereotypes. However, few studies have centered on the influence of the Sapphire stereotype—defined as being overbearing, emasculating, and aggressive—on Black women’s health. Due to these stereotypes, Black women may utilize different coping strategies such as disengagement coping—limiting one’s interpersonal interactions—to manage these stressors. Yet, little research has specifically examined how Black women’s gendered racial identity development relates to internalization of the Sapphire stereotype. The present study aimed to explore whether gendered racial identity centrality moderates the relationship between the Sapphire stereotype and disengagement coping among Black women. Two hundred ninety-eight Black/African American women between the ages of 18–52 completed an online survey via Qualtrics. Based on the Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory, we hypothesized that gendered racial identity centrality will moderate the relationship between the Sapphire stereotype and disengagement coping. Consistent with the hypothesis, the results indicated that identity centrality significantly moderated the relationship between the Sapphire stereotype and the use of disengagement coping such that higher identity centrality decreased the association between the Sapphire stereotype and disengagement use (b = .51, SE = 0.09, t = 5.67, p < .001, 95% CI [.33, .69]). This research can be used to develop educational programs to promote healthy identity development among Black women.
Cybermonitoring: What Is It, Who Does It, and Why?
Authors: Powell Darcey N. , Joseph Abbie
Published: October 2024

This study examined emerging adults’ cybermonitoring behaviors before, during, and after a romantic interaction. Given the abundance of information available online, behaviors representative of the less intrusive end of the continuum of cyberstalking (e.g., clicking on profile, viewing tagged photos) have become a common aspect of romantic interactions. Thus, this project focused predominately on those more mundane aspects of information seeking (i.e., cybermonitoring). Emerging adults between the ages of 18 and 29 (N = 240) and who had at least one previous romantic interaction completed an online survey regarding their experiences with cybermonitoring, engagement in cybermonitoring, and their motives for cybermonitoring. Analyses revealed that 94.4% of participants had engaged in cybermonitoring; often using Facebook (74.6%) and Instagram (75.4%) to engage in cybermonitoring on their perspective, current, or former romantic partners. Furthermore, they reported engaging in behaviors differentially, F(17, 203) = 49.85, p < .001, ηp2 = .81, with less intrusive behaviors (e.g., clicking on profile, viewing tagged photos) commonly used than more intrusive cyberstalking behaviors (e.g., creating fake profile, using location). Additionally, participants reported engaging in more cybermonitoring during their romantic relationship than before, t(191) = 5.78, p < .001, g = 0.35, or after, t(194) = 8.41, p < .001, g = 0.60, and more frequently before the interaction than after, t(192) = 3.70, p < .001, g = 0.21. Lastly, participants predominately reported engaging in cybermonitoring after a breakup for reasons related to curiosity about their ex-partner. How this information compares to prior research on cyberstalking is discussed. Ultimately, we posit that cybermonitoring may be a more appropriate term for representing emerging adults’ online behaviors revolving around romantic interactions.
From Globalization to the North Americanization of Politics and Governance: How the Increasing Polarization of Contemporary Politics and Society Emerges
Authors: Santaren Victor Renobell
Published: October 2024

Objective: The objective of this research is to measure the degree of social North Americanization in contemporary society.
 
Theoretical Framework: After the phenomenon of globalization analyzed in the 1990s and the crisis of globalization, the phenomenon of political North Americanization is now emerging. Several authors analyze how the repercussion of both the political system and the electoral results of the United States are marking the paths of a large part of contemporary politics.
 
Method: This study analyzes through 20 in-depth interviews with prominent social reference figures (politicians, academics, businessmen and prominent members of the media) of the European and Latin American social reality.
 
Results and Discussion: The main results obtained are the opinions of experts who endorse the growing North Americanization in politics and in the public management of social services. Where most countries advocate a neo-capitalist model, based on the individualization of citizens and social disinterest in ideological issues.
 
Implications of the research: This research opens the ways for a new analysis focused on a unidimensional look at current politics in the main developed countries and with the main economies or economic engines of each world region.
Mucocele of the appendix complicated by intussusception
Authors: Klimov A. V. , Solovyov I. A. , Avanesyan R. G. , Korolev M. P. , Fedotov L. E. , Bakasova E. O. , Kosmakov I. A. , Bechvaya L. D.
Published: October 2024

The OBJECTIVE of this study was to demonstrate and original clinical case of an appendiceal mucocele, complicated by intussusception in a 45-year-old female patient.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. We present a rare clinical case of appendiceal mucocele in a female patient, complicated by partial intussusception into the caecum. Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, followed by laparotomy with reduction of the intussusception and an atypical appendectomy.

RESULTS. In this article we present a review of the literature and analyze our clinical case. Treatment result was positive, postoperative period was uncomplicated. This patient was followed up for year postoperatively.
Cafeína no tratamento da apneia de prematuros
Authors: Deon José Germano Bonilla , Grande Amanda Foerster , Krug Elisa Demarchi , Bortolini Eloísa , Rauber Gabriela Bordignon , Getelina Guilherme Basso , Baldin Luisa Cera , Rauber Luísa Bordignon , Cabeda Rafaela , Alves Gabriel Cabeda Spalding
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia e segurança do uso da cafeína no tratamento da apneia da prematuridade, considerando seus efeitos no sistema respiratório e no neurodesenvolvimento. Revisão bibliográfica: A apneia da prematuridade é uma condição comum em neonatos pré-termo, resultante da imaturidade do sistema respiratório e dos centros de controle da respiração no cérebro. Essa condição pode levar à hipoxemia, comprometendo o cérebro em desenvolvimento, além de outros órgãos, como os pulmões e o intestino. Se não tratada, a apneia pode progredir para falência respiratória. A cafeína é uma opção terapêutica eficaz, agindo como antagonista dos receptores de adenosina A1 e A2A no sistema nervoso central. Essa ação estimula o centro respiratório, aumenta o volume corrente e previne episódios de apneia, contribuindo para a estabilização respiratória desses recém-nascidos. Considerações finais: A apneia da prematuridade é um desafio crítico em neonatos pré-termo, com riscos à saúde respiratória e neurológica. A cafeína se destaca como um tratamento eficaz, estimulando o centro respiratório e prevenindo episódios de apneia.
Nephrology in Rajasthan
Authors: Jhorawat Rajesh , Beniwal Pankaj , Mittal Aliza , Godhara Suraj , Chaturvedy Manish
Published: October 2024

Rajasthan’s eastern region is densely populated and faces a rising burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD), straining the healthcare system. Key nephrology training centers include AIIMS Jodhpur and SMS Medical College, with new facilities opening in Kota and Udaipur State Medical College recently. Renal replacement therapies, such as hemodialysis and deceased donor transplantation, are operational with public and corporate support. Awareness of CKD risk factors and early diagnosis are required to control the disease burden. Enhanced coordination in academic and research activities is necessary to strengthen the healthcare system's response to this growing challenge.
Comparative efficacy of transcranial and endoscopic surgery for craniopharyngioma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of contemporary literature
Authors: Wisnawa I Wayan Weda , Immadoel Haq Irwan Barlian
Published: October 2024

Background:

Craniopharyngiomas pose a significant clinical challenge due to their complex anatomical location and potential for neurological sequelae. Surgical management options include transcranial and endoscopic approaches, each with its advantages and limitations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively compare the outcomes of transcranial and endoscopic surgery for craniopharyngioma, integrating the latest evidence from ten pertinent journal articles.

Methods:

A systematic search of electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase, was conducted to identify relevant studies published between 2010 and 2022. A total of eight articles comparing outcomes of transcranial and endoscopic surgery for craniopharyngioma were included in the study. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results:

The transcranial approach was less effective in achieving gross total resection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32–0.70) compared to the endoscopic approach, with low heterogeneity (I2 = 41%). However, both approaches had similar odds for near-total resection, subtotal resection, and partial resection. The transcranial approach was associated with lower odds of total neurological complications (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4–0.9), higher odds of tumor recurrence (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.12–3.09), and lower odds of visual improvement (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.32–0.58) compared to the endoscopic approach. There was no significant difference in mortality rate between the two approaches.

Conclusion:

Our meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of transcranial and endoscopic surgery for craniopharyngioma reveals that the endoscopic approach is preferred for managing specific conditions due to its higher likelihood of achieving complete resection and potentially better postsurgery outcomes, minimizing neurological complications.
Meningiomas of the parieto-occipital convexity mimicking a hematoma: A case report in a third-world country
Authors: Sène Fatou , Manneh Ebrima Kalilu , Manneh Job , Jatta Fansu F. N. , Jallow Fatoumatta S. , Jabang John Nute
Published: October 2024

Background:

Meningiomas are benign, slow-growing tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) that arise from the arachnoid matter. It comprises one of the most common primary tumors of the CNS, occurring mostly in and after the fifth decade of life with a female gender predilection. Diagnosis is facilitated by imaging computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, atypical forms exist which augments the risk of missing the diagnosis. This is a case of a meningioma that mimics a hematoma on imaging, the diagnosis of which was only confirmed following histopathology.

Case Description:

A 36-year-old patient presented with a 9-month history of intermittent moderate-intensity headaches associated with photophobia, tinnitus, and dizziness. There was no previous history of trauma. There were no focal neurological deficits on examination. Both contrast-enhanced and noncontrast-enhanced brain CT scans showed features suggestive of an intraparenchymal hematoma. She had a control CT scan 2 months and 9 months later due to the persistence of symptoms despite remaining stationary, which revealed no changes in the lesion as seen in the previous CT scans. The patient did not benefit from an MRI scan due to the socioeconomic status of the country and the patient herself. A decision to operate was made, and the sample was sent for histopathology. Histopathology confirmed the lesion to be a psammomatous meningioma.

Conclusion:

Although CT findings of meningiomas are quite often typical, it is important to note that atypical forms exist as well. Knowledge of the atypical forms, such as lesions that look like an intraparenchymal hemorrhage initially but remain unchanged over a period of time, would decrease the risk of missing the diagnosis in such instances.
Cost analysis of endovascular treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms at a private hospital in Brazil
Authors: Tatit Rafael Trindade , Malheiro Daniel Tavares , Abud Thiago Giansante , Baccin Carlos Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Background:

Intracranial aneurysms have a prevalence of 1–6% and significant rupture risks, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Endovascular therapy demands an understanding of its economic impacts. This study evaluates the costs and complications of unruptured intracranial aneurysm treatment in a private Latin American hospital.

Methods:

A retrospective longitudinal observational study was carried out in a private hospital in Brazil from February 2015 to January 2021. Patients undergoing elective endovascular treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) were included in the study. Data collected included patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, treatment modalities, costs, and clinical outcomes. Costs were adjusted to their present value in 2023 US dollars (USD). Descriptive statistics summarized the data.

Results:

A total of 77 patients (68 females and nine males) with 111 aneurysms were included. The average total cost per patient was $31,831.08, with materials (65.9%) and hospital daily rates (11.3%) being the primary cost drivers. Device associations included flow diverter (51.9%), stent-assisted coiling (19.2%), and coiling (11.5%). Clinical outcomes were favorable, with an average inpatient stay of 6.5 ± 10.2 days, 6.5% of patients requiring readmission for complications, and no deaths within 90 days. The highest costs were associated with coiling and stent-assisted coiling.

Conclusion:

The cost of endovascular treatment for UIAs at a private hospital in Brazil is substantial, primarily driven by materials and hospital daily rates. Despite high costs, clinical outcomes were favorable, with low complication rates. These findings underscore the need for continuous cost-effectiveness evaluation and treatment optimization to balance clinical benefits with financial considerations.
الالتزام بالمطابقة في عقد البيع الدولي
Authors: هليل منير علي
Published: October 2024

عقد البيع الدولي يعتبر أحد العقود الهامة في المجال التجاري الدولي، والالتزام بالمطابقة يعد جزءاَ أساسياَ من هذا العقد، وتتعلق المطابقة بالتأكد من أن المنتجات أو الخدمات التي يتم بيعها تفي بالمواصفات والمقاييس المتفق عليها بين البائع والمشتري. ويتطلب الالتزام بالمطابقة من البائع تقديم المنتج أو الخدمة التي تفي بالوصف المحدد في العقد، بما في ذلك الجودة والكمية والتعبئة والتغليف والتسمية والتسليم في الموعد المحدد، وعلى العكس من ذلك، يتطلب من المشتري قبول المنتج أو الخدمة ودفع ثمنها وفقاً للشروط المحددة في العقد. وإذا لم يتم الالتزام بالمطابقة، يكون لدى الطرف المتضرر حقوق وسبل للحصول على تعويض، مثل المطالبة بإصلاح المنتج أو استبداله أو استرداد الأموال التي دفعها، ويعتبر الالتزام بالمطابقة أمرا أساسيا لضمان نجاح عملية البيع الدولي وبناء الثقة بين البائع والمشتري، وهو أمرا يساهم في تقليل المخاطر والنزاعات التجارية وتعزيز التعاون بين الأطراف، لذا، فإن الالتزام بالمطابقة في عقد البيع الدولي يعد عنصرًا أساسيًا يجب مراعاته وتطبيقه لضمان نجاح الصفقة والحفاظ على علاقة تجارية قوية ومربحة لكلا الأطراف المعنية.
معدل حدوث السل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة في منطقة العيون الساقية الحمراء بالمملكة المغربية: تحليل استرجاعي من 2019 إلى 2022
Authors: الزكموط عادل , زكعوش دلال , العرباوي ماريا , بيد عبدالفتاح , البرنوسي نادية , أمنصور محاسين , لمبطن دلال
Published: October 2024

المقدمة: يشكل السل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة تحدياً كبيراً في الصحة العامة بسبب تعقيداته العلاجية وآثاره الاقتصادية.  منهجية الدراسة وطرائق العمل: أجرينا دراسة مستعرضة وصفية وتحليلية في مركز تشخيص السل والأمراض التنفسية في مدينة العيون بالمملكة المغربية على مدى أربع سنوات، لهدف وصف الأنماط الوبائية، السريرية، العلاجية والتطورية للـسل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة في منطقة العيون الساقية الحمراء.  النتائج: معدل الإصابة السنوي للسل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة في المنطقة أقل من المعدل الوطني. كان المرضى في الغالب من الرجال الشباب الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 20 و40 عاماً ويعيشون في المناطق الحضرية. الأعراض الأكثر شيوعاً هي السعال المزمن والحمى. تم تشخيص جميع المرضى باستخدام تقنيات البيولوجيا الجزيئية (Genexpert, Genotype MTBDR plus and Genotype MTBDR sl)  و قد أدى العلاج قصير المدى إلى شفاء 62.5% من المرضى، مع معدل تخلٍ عن العلاج بنسبة 25% ومعدل وفيات بنسبة 12.5%. أدت عوامل الخطر الآتية إلى استجابة سلبية للعلاج: التدخين (p=0.02)، فقدان الوزن (p=0.02)، بدء العلاج خلال جائحة كوفيد 19 (p=0.02)، والتخلي عن العلاج وسوء الالتزام به (p=0.03).الخاتمة: تؤكد النتائج على ضرورة معالجة عوامل الخطر مثل التدخين وفقدان الوزن لتحسين إدارة السل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة. يعتبر العلاج قصير الأمد فعالاً للمرضى المؤهلين. من الضروري زيادة التوعية وتنفيذ تدخلات موجهة لتحسين الالتزام بالعلاج وتحقيق نتائج أفضل على المدى الطويل.
تحليل استراتيجي لإدارة الموارد البشرية في عملها التعزيزي للأداء التنظيمي بقطاع الاتصالات المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: الشويخات صادق علي , آل تويم هيا ابراهيم , الدوسري سارة سعد
Published: October 2024

إن استراتيجيات إدارة الموارد البشرية من الأساسيات لتحقيق أهداف أي شركة، لهذا لقد هدف هذا البحث لتتبع وتحليل استراتيجيات ورؤية إدارة الموارد البشرية للمنظمات بالمملكة ، متناولة جميع جوانب التوظيف والتطوير للموظفين، بداية من عمليات التوظيف ذاتها حتى التحكم بعقود العمل، وبالنظر للتحديات المستمرة في البيئات الداخلية والخارجية للمنظمات بالمملكة أصبح من الضروري تبني أساليب حديثة، لهذا قد قام هذا البحث تحليل استراتيجيات إدارة الموارد لتعزيز الأداء التنظيمي، وهذا من خلال المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لتحديد معالم المجتمع الرئيسية للبحث، حيث كان مجتمع العينة شامل جميع العاملين في شركات قطاع الاتصالات ، حيث استخدم أسلوب العينات العشوائية البسيطة للحصول على بيانات الدراسة، وقد تم توزيع استبانة على العينات من خلال وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي على العاملين بشركات الاتصالات بالمملكة والتي بلغ عددهم (220)، وقد توصلت الدراسة لمجموعة من النتائج منها: وجود مستوى مرتفع من الأداء التنظيمي في شركات قطاع الاتصالات بالمملكة من جانب أفراد عينة الدراسة حيث بلغت قيمة المتوسط الحسابي 3.964 بانحراف معياري 0.888، وجود علاقة ارتباط طردية قوية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إستراتيجيات الاستقطاب والتعيين على الأداء التنظيمي ووجود أثر طردي ذي دلالة إحصائية استراتيجيات الاستقطاب والتعيين على الأداء التنظيمي في شركات قطاع الاتصالات بالمملكة العربية السعودية وتبين أن كلما زاد مستوى تطبيق إستراتيجيات الاستقطاب والتعيين بمقدار 1 % ازداد مستوى الأداء التنظيمي في شركات قطاع الاتصالات بالمملكة العربية السعودية بمقدار 1.637 % وهو ما يوضح صحة الفرض الفرعي الأول للدراسة.
Exploration of Antibiotic, Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Immune Function in Iraqi Children
Authors: Al-Ma’amouri May Yahya , Al-Khazraji Zeena Jamal
Published: October 2024

Antibiotic use and its abeyant effect on gut microbiota dysbiosis are key issues for Iraqi children's immune function. The equilibrium of gut microbiota is vital for immune system modulation, the development of a strong defense adjoin infections, and the abstention of autoimmune diseases. Misuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics, which is usually acquired by factors such as infections repetition or cultural practices, can agitate this antithesis and aftereffect on dysbiosis.  The aim of this investigation is to acquisition out how frequently antibiotics are acclimated in Iraqi children and whether this use is associated to abnormalities in their gut microbiome. We additionally aim to investigate how antibiotics type and frequency may affect the gut microbiota and white blood cells count which considered an indicator of immune.   70 Iraqi child in age range (2-8) have been involved in cross sectional study to assess the effect of antibiotics on both gut dysbiosis and immune.  This study shows that the sample has a gender imbalance, with more women than men, and modest age variety. Of the total population, 55.72% live in cities, 88.57% report having no health issues, with asthma being the most common at 5.71%. The frequency of antibiotic usage has a major effect on gut bacteria; higher use is associated with fewer helpful species and more dangerous ones. White blood cell counts are not considerably impacted by the type of antibiotic, though the frequency of antibiotic affect the white blood cells count.  This study clarifies the complex interactions between medical problems, antibiotic use, gut microbial communities, and sociodemographic factors, as well as any possible effects on the immune system. Notably, the frequency of antibiotic usage has a substantial impact on gut health and, in turn, the immune system, highlighting the significance of using antibiotics with caution.
A High-Throughput Framework for Lattice Dynamics
Authors: Zhu Zhuoying , Park Junsoo , Sahasrabuddhe Hrushikesh , Ganose Alex , Chang Rees , Lawson John , Jain Anubhav
Published: October 2024

We develop an automated high-throughput workflow for calculating lattice dynamical properties from first principles including those dictated by anharmonicity. The pipeline automatically calculates interatomic force constants (IFC) up to 4th order from perturbed training supercells, and uses the IFC to calculate lattice thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, and vibrational free energy and entropy. It performs phonon renormalization for dynamically unstable compounds to obtain real effective phonon spectra at finite temperatures and calculates the associated free energy corrections. The choice of methods and parameter selection process are done in a manner that strikes a balance of computational efficiency and accuracy of results (as assessed through convergence testing and comparison to experimental measurements). Deployment of this workflow at a large scale would facilitate materials discovery efforts toward functionalities including thermoelectics, contact materials, ferroelectrics, aerospace components, as well as general phase diagram construction.
From Clutter to Clarity: Emergent Neural Operators via Questionnaire Metrics
Authors: Georgiou Anastasia , Manoj Arjun , Su Pei-Chun , Coifman Ronald , Kevrekidis Ioannis , Goswami Somdatta
Published: October 2024

Real-world datasets in chemical engineering and bioengineering processes--such as those from catalytic reactors, multiphase flows, polymerization reactors, bioreactors, and clinical trials--can often be unlabelled or disorganized, rendering the training of existing supervised learning models ineffective at learning the underlying dynamics. To salvage these datasets for decision-making, we first seek to obtain clarity from the cluttered data. Here, we present a framework for developing "structural" generative models, discovering emergent equations, and constructing efficient emulators from scrambled datasets by integrating unsupervised organizational learning techniques (Questionnaires) with advanced deep learning architectures (Deep Hidden Physics Models and Deep Operator Networks). Our approach is demonstrated on two illustrative systems: (a) a 1D advection-diffusion partial differential equation representing a winding underground pipe, relevant for chemical transport processes, and (b) an ensemble of Stuart-Landau oscillators, an agent-based system of coupled ordinary differential equations, analogous to complex, coupled reaction networks in reactors. In both cases, we successfully reconstruct meaningful spatial, temporal, and parameter embeddings from scrambled data, enabling good predictions of system dynamics. We highlight the framework's potential for broader applications, enabling data-driven system identification in fields with inherently disorganized or hidden parameter spaces.
Untenable Linear Fitting Approach in Determination of Thermal Decomposition Kinetic Model with Flynn-Wall-Ozawa Equation: A Case Study of Pymetrozine Dihydrate Decomposition
Authors: Yao Qichao
Published: October 2024

The accurate determination of thermal decomposition kinetics plays a crucial role in understanding the degradation behavior of materials. Traditional model-based methods, such as those relying on the Arrhenius equation, often face challenges due to the complexity of the decomposition mechanisms, leading to the kinetic compensation effect. The Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) equation offers a model-free approach, providing greater flexibility by bypassing the need for an assumed reaction model. This study investigates the thermal decomposition kinetics of pymetrozine dihydrate using the FWO method and highlights the limitations of linear fitting approaches. Discrepancies between model-based and model-free methods are discussed. Results demonstrate that while high determination coefficients can be achieved, the selection of inappropriate reaction models leads to significant variation in activation energy values, emphasizing the importance of discretion in selection of kinetic models. This research underscores the need for caution when applying model-free methods and proposes further refinement for robust kinetic analysis.
Peroxy-Carbenium Mediated Asymmetric Synthesis of 1,2-Dioxanes and 1,2-Dioxolanes
Authors: Champciaux Bastien , Jamey Nicolas , Figadère Bruno , Ferrié Laurent
Published: October 2024

The endoperoxide scaffold is found in numerous natural products and synthetic substances with pharmaceutical interest. The principal challenge to their synthetic access remains the preparation of chiral compounds, due to the weakness of the peroxide bond, which limits the scope of available or applicable methods. Here, we demonstrate how peroxycarbenium species can be trapped by silylated nucleophiles with high enantioselectivities, and diastereoselectivities when applicable, using a chiral imidophosphorimidate (IDPi) as catalyst. The scope of the methodology is broad, encompassing a large varie-ty of enoxysilanes, and yielding 1,2-dioxanes or 1,2-dioxolanes. Peroxides can be converted into chiral alcohols or trans-epoxides, and the methodology was applied in a key step of the total synthesis of ethyl plakortide Z, enhancing the selectivi-ty compared to conventional a Lewis acid. Kinetic studies demonstrated that tert-butyldimethylsilylated nucleophiles are more potent than trimethylsilylated ones. Furthermore, it was observed that the reaction necessitates an induction period, indicating the formation of a silylium species that behaves as the true catalyst.
Analisis Kontrol Kualitas Ureum dan Kreatinin Menggunakan Grafik Levey-Jennings dan Sigma Metrik
Authors: Al-azizah Daffa Aulia , Widyantara Aji Bagus , Ulfah Muaâ€™wanah Isnin Aulia
Published: October 2024

Kontrol kualitas merupakan sebuah prosedur yang dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi proses pemeriksaan laboratorium guna memastikan sistem manajemen mutu berjalan dengan baik sehingga hasil yang dikeluarkan dapat dipercaya dan dipertanggungjawabkan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui akurasi, presisi, evaluasi grafik levey-jennings, dan sigma metrik terhadap pemeriksaan ureum dan kreatinin. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Penilitian ini menggunakan data sekunder di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping. Data yang digunakan adalah data kontrol harian pemeriksaan ureum dan kreatinin pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2022. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai akurasi baik karena masih dibawah batas nilai maksimum Â±10% begitu juga dengan nilai presisi yang menunjukan hasil baik karena tidak ditemukan nilai yang melewati CV% maksimum ureum 8% dan CV% maksimum kreatinin 6%. Evaluasi grafik levey-jennings dengan aturan westgard ditemukan beberapa pelanggaran serta peringatan di bulan Oktober-Desember untuk pemeriksaan ureum dan di bulan November untuk pemeriksaan kreatinin. Sigma metrik pada pemeriksaan ureum memiliki nilai buruk dan baik yaitu dari bulan Oktober-Desember 2022 berturut-turut adalah 2,54; 3,34; 4,14. Pemeriksaan kreatinin memiliki nilai sigma kelas dunia yaitu dari bulan Oktober-Desember 2022 berturut-turut adalah 8,6; 8,4; 16,13. Berdasarkan penelitian dibutuhkan peningkatan dan perbaikan strategi kontrol kualitas khususnya pada parameter pemeriksaan ureum.
System vaccinology: Applications, trends, and perspectives
Authors: Sambreen Zameer , Asghar Mehdi , Rehan Haider , Geetha Kumari Das , Zameer Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Systems vaccinology is an emerging field that integrates structural biology and immunology to revolutionize vaccine development and evaluation. By leveraging high-throughput omics technologies, computational biology, and bioinformatics, systems vaccinology offers comprehensive insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying immune responses. This holistic approach enables the identification of novel biomarkers, the prediction of vaccine efficacy, and an understanding of adverse reactions. Recent applications in infectious diseases, cancer immunotherapy, and personalized vaccines have demonstrated the potential of systems vaccinology to enhance vaccine design and optimize immunization strategies. Trends highlight the integration of multi-omics data, machine learning algorithms, and big data analytics to create predictive models of vaccine responses. The application of systems vaccinology has led to the discovery of correlates of protection, aiding in the rational design of next-generation vaccines. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including data integration, standardization, and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. Future perspectives focus on the development of universally accepted vaccines, rapid-response systems for emerging pathogens, and the incorporation of artificial intelligence to accelerate vaccine discovery. Systems vaccinology stands at the forefront of transforming public health by providing robust tools to combat infectious diseases and enhance global immunization programs.
Multidisciplinary approach to pain management
Authors: Zameer Ahmed , Rehan Haider , Asghar Mehdi , Geetha Kumari Das , Sambreen Zameer
Published: October 2024

Pain management is a complex and versatile challenge that requires a comprehensive approach, combining several branches of knowledge to address the diverse needs of patients efficiently. This study surveys the integration of various disciplines in pain management, emphasizing the unification of conventional, subjective, and alternative therapies to achieve optimal patient outcomes. Traditional pain management policies often rely heavily on pharmacological solutions, which can lead to dependency and inadequate support for individuals with chronic pain. A multidisciplinary approach incorporates pharmacological interventions, material analysis, psychological support, and alternative therapies such as acupuncture and chiropractic care. This holistic strategy aims not only to relieve pain but also to address the underlying causes and factors that contribute to overall health. Key elements include patient education, personalized treatment plans, and ongoing evaluation and adaptation of therapeutic procedures. The collaborative efforts of healthcare providers from various disciplines ensure that patients receive comprehensive care tailored to their unique circumstances and needs. This paper examines how integrating different fields of pain management impacts patient satisfaction, performance, and quality of life, drawing on case studies and recent research findings. The synthesis of various therapeutic approaches underscores the importance of a patient-centered approach, effective management, and ongoing collaboration among healthcare providers. Future guidelines for research and practice are discussed, highlighting the need for standardized agreements and continuous assessment of integrated approaches to enhance pain management strategies.