bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apache IoTDB: A Time Series Database for IoT Applications
Authors: Wang Chen , Qiao Jialin , Huang Xiangdong , Song Shaoxu , Hou Haonan , Jiang Tian , Rui Lei , Wang Jianmin , Sun Jiaguang
Published: June 2023

A typical industrial scenario encounters thousands of devices with millions of sensors, consistently generating billions of data points. It poses new requirements of time series data management, not well addressed in existing solutions, including (1) device-defined ever-evolving schema, (2) mostly periodical data collection, (3) strongly correlated series, (4) variously delayed data arrival, and (5) highly concurrent data ingestion. In this paper, we present a time series database management system, Apache IoTDB. It consists of (i) a time series native file format, TsFile, with specially designed data encoding, and (ii) an IoTDB engine for efficiently handling delayed data arrivals and processing queries. The system achieves a throughput of 10 million inserted values per second. Queries such as 1-day data selection of 0.1 million points and 3-year data aggregation over 10 million points can be processed in 100 ms. Comparisons with InfluxDB, TimescaleDB, KairosDB, Parquet and ORC over real world data loads demonstrate the superiority of IoTDB and TsFile.
High-Throughput Vector Similarity Search in Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Mohoney Jason , Pacaci Anil , Chowdhury Shihabur Rahman , Mousavi Ali , Ilyas Ihab F. , Minhas Umar Farooq , Pound Jeffrey , Rekatsinas Theodoros
Published: June 2023

There is an increasing adoption of machine learning for encoding data into vectors to serve online recommendation and search use cases. As a result, recent data management systems propose augmenting query processing with online vector similarity search. In this work, we explore vector similarity search in the context of Knowledge Graphs (KGs). Motivated by the tasks of finding related KG queries and entities for past KG query workloads, we focus on hybrid vector similarity search (hybrid queries for short) where part of the query corresponds to vector similarity search and part of the query corresponds to predicates over relational attributes associated with the underlying data vectors. For example, given past KG queries for a song entity, we want to construct new queries for new song entities whose vector representations are close to the vector representation of the entity in the past KG query. But entities in a KG also have non-vector attributes such as a song associated with an artist, a genre, and a release date. Therefore, suggested entities must also satisfy query predicates over non-vector attributes beyond a vector-based similarity predicate. While these tasks are central to KGs, our contributions are generally applicable to hybrid queries. In contrast to prior works that optimize online queries, we focus on enabling efficient batch processing of past hybrid query workloads. We present our system, HQI, for high-throughput batch processing of hybrid queries. We introduce a workload-aware vector data partitioning scheme to tailor the vector index layout to the given workload and describe a multi-query optimization technique to reduce the overhead of vector similarity computations. We evaluate our methods on industrial workloads and demonstrate that HQI yields a 31× improvement in throughput for finding related KG queries compared to existing hybrid query processing approaches.
Virtual Sound Image Reconstruction Method for Multi-objective Optimization of Folk Music Based on Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yifang
Published: June 2023

At present, the exchanges in various fields such as culture, economy, and politics are becoming more and more close in the world. From the perspective of the relationship between national music and cultural development, the development of national music has also received more and more attention, and it has become an inevitable trend in the development of today's era. The purpose of this paper was to perform virtual reconstruction of the sound image of folk music through multiple objective optimizations, and to model the virtual sound image of folk music as a multi-objective optimization problem. According to the research on sound image positioning, the relevant noise factors were removed, so as to achieve the playback of ethnic music that enhanced the surround effect and visual enjoyment. The evolutionary algorithm in this paper was mainly based on the multi-objective optimized sound image localization technology. For the music virtual sound image, an improved FCM algorithm and an evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithm combining local and non-local information of the sound image were proposed, respectively. Through the analysis of the traditional sound image algorithm method, the accuracy of the sound image localization on the horizontal plane could be effectively improved. After the conversion, the audience could feel the better stereo image and surround feeling of the folk music. Through experimental analysis, it can be seen that the system can not only perform virtual conversion of audio-visual signals of different frequencies, but also provide data for different audio playback systems. The feature point registration error is low, and the reconstruction effect is good, especially the random delay processing in the range of 0∼20m, and the performance is better than the traditional method. Finally, virtual left and right surround sound image signals were obtained, which effectively improved the three-dimensional surround feeling of folk music.
Natural Language Processing Pretraining Language Model for Computer Intelligent Recognition Technology
Authors: Dong Jun
Published: June 2023

Computer intelligent recognition technology refers to the use of computer vision, Natural Language Processing (NLP), machine learning and other technologies to enable computers to recognize, analyze, understand and answer human language and behavior. The common applications of computer intelligent recognition technology include image recognition, NLP, face recognition, target tracking, and other fields. NLP is a field of computer science, which involves the interaction between computers and natural languages. NLP technology can be used to process, analyze and generate natural language data, such as text, voice and image. Common NLP technology applications include language translation, emotion analysis, text classification, speech recognition and question answering system. Language model is a machine learning model, which uses a large number of text data for training to learn language patterns and relationships in text data. Although the language model has made great progress in the past few years, it still faces some challenges, including: poor semantic understanding, confusion in multilingual processing, slow language processing and other shortcomings. Therefore, in order to optimize these shortcomings, this article would study the pre-training language model based on NLP technology, which aimed at using NLP technology to optimize and improve the performance of the language model, thus optimizing the computer intelligent recognition technology. The model had a higher language understanding ability and more accurate prediction ability. In addition, the model could learn language rules and structures by using a large number of corpus, so as to better understand natural language. Through experiments, it could be known that the data size and total computing time of the traditional Generative Pretrained Transformer-2 (GPT-2) language model were 10 GB and 97 hours respectively. The data size and total computing time of BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer) were 12 GB and 86 hours respectively. The data size and total computing time of the pre-training language model based on NLP were 18 GB and 71 hours respectively. Obviously, the pre-training language model based on NLP had a larger data size and shorter computing time. The experimental results showed that the NLP technology could better optimize the language model and effectively improve its various capabilities. This article opened up a new development direction for computer intelligent recognition technology and provided excellent technical support for the development of language models.
Whither Legitimacy? Legal Authority in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Tyler Tom R.
Published: June 2023

My scholarly career has centered around articulating and testing a model of legitimacy-based law and governance. In recent decades, that model has achieved considerable success in shaping the way legal authority is understood and exercised. At the same time the legitimacy of legal, political, and social institutions and authorities has declined, raising questions about the future viability of a legitimacy-based model. In this review, I discuss the ascension and potential decline of legitimacy-based governance and outline alternative models of authority that may emerge in the twenty-first century. Three issues are addressed: whether there are ways to reinvigorate legitimacy-based law and governance; whether social norms, moral values, or ideologies are viable alternative forms of authority; and whether it is better to accept that no single form of authority works best in all situations and theories should focus on identifying the contingencies under which different forms of authority are most desirable.
Toward Microbiome Engineering: Expanding the Repertoire of Genetically Tractable Members of the Human Gut Microbiome
Authors: Marsh James W. , Kirk Christian , Ley Ruth E.
Published: June 2023

Genetic manipulation is necessary to interrogate the functions of microbes in their environments, such as the human gut microbiome. Yet, the vast majority of human gut microbiome species are not genetically tractable. Here, we review the hurdles to seizing genetic control of more species. We address the barriers preventing the application of genetic techniques to gut microbes and report on genetic systems currently under development. While methods aimed at genetically transforming many species simultaneously in situ show promise, they are unable to overcome many of the same challenges that exist for individual microbes. Unless a major conceptual breakthrough emerges, the genetic tractability of the microbiome will remain an arduous task. Increasing the list of genetically tractable organisms from the human gut remains one of the highest priorities for microbiome research and will provide the foundation for microbiome engineering.
Structural and Functional Insights into Viral Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting
Authors: Hill Chris H. , Brierley Ian
Published: June 2023

Protein synthesis by the ribosome is the final stage of biological information transfer and represents an irreversible commitment to gene expression. Accurate translation of messenger RNA is therefore essential to all life, and spontaneous errors by the translational machinery are highly infrequent (∼1/100,000 codons). Programmed −1 ribosomal frameshifting (−1PRF) is a mechanism in which the elongating ribosome is induced at high frequency to slip backward by one nucleotide at a defined position and to continue translation in the new reading frame. This is exploited as a translational regulation strategy by hundreds of RNA viruses, which rely on −1PRF during genome translation to control the stoichiometry of viral proteins. While early investigations of −1PRF focused on virological and biochemical aspects, the application of X-ray crystallography and cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and the advent of deep sequencing and single-molecule approaches have revealed unexpected structural diversity and mechanistic complexity. Molecular players from several model systems have now been characterized in detail, both in isolation and, more recently, in the context of the elongating ribosome. Here we provide a summary of recent advances and discuss to what extent a general model for −1PRF remains a useful way of thinking.
Temperature Dependence in Responses of Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells Under Mechanical Abuse
Authors: Wang Chen , Xia Yong
Published: June 2023

Unveiling the role of environmental temperature in the overall response of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse and the underlying mechanism is necessary for comprehensively assessing crash safety of electric cars. In this study, both fresh samples and aged samples of a pouch-type battery cell are subjected to hemispherical indentation test at five different temperatures. Mechanical-electrical-thermal responses of all the cases are analyzed and compared. The mechanical response data indicate that higher temperature tends to lower the stiffness and the peak force of the cell under indentation. Component level tests focusing on tensile and compression behavior of electrodes are carried out to help understanding the dominant mechanism. Regarding electrochemical activity of electrodes, an argon-protected testing method is developed to keep the electrode samples from air exposure so as to inspect the mechanical properties as close to the in situ state as possible. Analysis on the uniform compression and hemispherical indentation of the stacked anode samples reasonably addresses the temperature dependence of the cell level mechanical response. Besides, it can be concluded that coupling effect in the mechanical behavior is almost negligible for the two factors, i.e., the environmental temperature and the aging degree, no matter at cell level or component level.
The Research Status and Hotspots of Photoelectrochemical Aptasensor: A Bibliometric Review Based on VOS Viewer
Authors: Song Rumeng , Li Ying , Ye Baoxian , Li Gaiping , Zou Lina
Published: June 2023

In recent years, photoelectrochemical aptasensor (PEC aptasensor) is more and more popular among researchers for its unique advantages. This bibliometric review was based on VOS Viewer to visually analyze articles related to PEC aptasensor published on the Web of Science Core Collection from 2000 to 2022. By analyzing the publishing trends of 720 documents, we found that in the past five years PEC aptasensor had developed rapidly. The visual analysis of the cooperative relationship between countries/regions, institutions and authors will help us to understand the research status in this field. China not only had the highest publication volumes, but was the most actively engaged in cooperation between other countries/regions, and had the closest cooperation with USA. Qingdao University of Science and Technology was the institution with the most published articles, while Nanjing University with the highest number of citations. Among many researchers, Wang Kun of Jiangsu University had the highest number of articles published. Through the analysis of author-keywords, it was concluded that signal amplification, heterojunction and antibiotic were the main research directions in this field. We hope that the results can provide new perspectives and helpful suggestions for PEC aptasensor to promote the future development of it.
Serum TGF-β1 and CD14 Predicts Response to Anti-TNF-α Therapy in IBD
Authors: Coufal Stepan , Kverka Miloslav , Kreisinger Jakub , Thon Tomas , Rob Filip , Kolar Martin , Reiss Zuzana , Schierova Dagmar , Kostovcikova Klara , Roubalova Radka , Bajer Lukas , Jackova Zuzana , Mihula Martin , Drastich Pavel , Tresnak Hercogova Jana , Novakova Michaela , Vasatko Martin , Lukas Milan , Tlaskalova-Hogenova Helena , Jiraskova Zakostelska Zuzana
Published: June 2023

Background. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) agonists revolutionized therapeutic algorithms in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management. However, approximately every third IBD patient does not respond to this therapy in the long term, which delays efficient control of the intestinal inflammation. Methods. We analyzed the power of serum biomarkers to predict the failure of anti-TNF-α. We collected serum of 38 IBD patients at therapy prescription and 38 weeks later and analyzed them with relation to therapy response (no-, partial-, and full response). We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantify 16 biomarkers related to gut barrier (intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, liver fatty acid-binding protein, trefoil factor 3, and interleukin (IL)-33), microbial translocation, immune system regulation (TNF-α, CD14, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, mannan-binding lectin, IL-18, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), osteoprotegerin (OPG), insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), endocrine-gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor), and matrix metalloproteinase system (MMP-9, MMP-14, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1). Results. We found that future full-responders have different biomarker profiles than non-responders, while partial-responders cannot be distinguished from either group. When future non-responders were compared to responders, their baseline contained significantly more TGF-β1, less CD14, and increased level of MMP-9, and concentration of these factors could predict non-responders with high accuracy (AUC = 0.938). Interestingly, during the 38 weeks, levels of MMP-9 decreased in all patients, irrespective of the outcome, while OPG, IGF-2, and TGF-β1 were higher in non-responders compared to full-responders both at the beginning and the end of the treatment. Conclusions. The TGF-β1 and CD14 can distinguish non-responders from responders. The changes in biomarker dynamics during the therapy suggest that growth factors (such as OPG, IGF-2, and TGF-β) are not markedly influenced by the treatment and that anti-TNF-α therapy decreases MMP-9 without influencing the treatment outcome.
Contribution of the FilmArray BioFire® Technology in the Diagnosis of Viral Respiratory Infections during the COVID-19 Pandemic at Ibn Sina University Hospital Center in Rabat: Epidemiological Study about 503 Cases
Authors: Edderdouri Khalid , Kabbaj Hakima , Laamara Leila , Lahmouddi Noureddine , Lamdarsi Oumayma , Zouaki Amal , El Amin Ghizlane , Zirar Jalila , Seffar Myriam
Published: June 2023

Respiratory viruses are the most involved pathogens in acute respiratory infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, new elements have been brought to this topic, especially at the diagnostic and therapeutic level. The objective of this work is to describe the epidemiology of respiratory viruses in patients admitted to the Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat during a period characterized by the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2. We conducted a retrospective study from January 1 to December 31. We included all patients treated for acute respiratory infection and for whom a multiplex respiratory panel PCR was requested. Virus detection was performed using a FilmArray RP 2.1 plus BioFire multiplex respiratory panel. The study population was relatively adults with a mean age of 39 years. The sex ratio M/F was 1.20. The survey revealed a high prevalence of 42.3% of patients hospitalized in the adult intensive care unit whose respiratory distress was the most common reason for hospitalization (58%). The positivity rate was 48.1%. This rate was higher in the pediatric population 83.13% compared to adults 29.7%. Monoinfection was found in 36.4% of cases, and codetection in 11.7% of cases. This survey revealed that a total of 322 viruses were detected, HRV being the most incriminated virus (48.7%), followed by RSV in 13.8% of patients. Considering the five most detected viruses in our study (HRV, RSV, PIV3, ADV, and hMPV), we found that the incidence was significantly higher in the pediatric population. SARS-CoV-2 was detected only in adult’s population. In our study, we found that influenza A and B viruses, PIV2, MERS, and all bacteria were not detected by this kit during the study period. Regarding the seasonal distribution, RSV and hMPV showed a significantly high incidence during autumn and summer and SARS-CoV-2 and CoV OC43 showed a high peak during winter. In this study, we found a lack of detection of influenza virus and a shift in the usual winter peak of RSV to the summer, while the detection of ADV and HRV was less affected. This difference in detection could be due on the one hand to the difference in stability between enveloped and nonenveloped viruses and on the other hand to the escape of certain viruses to the different sanitary measures introduced after the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic. These same measures were effective against enveloped viruses such as RSV and influenza viruses. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has modified the epidemiology of other respiratory viruses, either directly by viral interference or indirectly by the preventive measures taken.
Evaluation of Der p 10 in a Cohort of European Children: Role of Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Features
Authors: Indolfi Cristiana , Dinardo Giulio , Klain Angela , Salvatori Alessandra , Esposito Marica , Vela Viviana , Decimo Fabio , Ciprandi Giorgio , Miraglia del Giudice Michele
Published: June 2023

Background. Allergy toward the dust mite is steadily increasing on the European continent. This sensitization may be a risk factor for developing sensitization to other mite molecules such as tropomyosin Der p 10. This molecule often correlates with food allergy and the risk of anaphylaxis after ingesting mollusks and shrimps. Materials and Methods. We analyzed the sensitization profiles by ImmunoCAP ISAC of pediatric patients from 2017 to 2021. The patients under investigation were being followed for atopic disorders such as allergic asthma and food allergies. The study aimed to analyze the prevalence of sensitization toward Der p 10 in our pediatric population and assess the related clinical symptoms and reactions after ingestion of foods containing tropomyosins. Results. This study included 253 patients; 53% were sensitized toward Der p 1 and Der p 2; 10.4% were also sensitized to Der p 10. Assessing patients sensitized to Der p 1 or Der p 2, and Der p 10, we observed that 78.6% were affected by asthma (

p
<
0.005

) and had a history of prior anaphylaxis after ingestion of shrimp or shellfish (

p
<
0.0001

). Conclusion. The component-resolved diagnosis gave us a deeper understanding of patients’ molecular sensitization profiles. Our study showed that a fair proportion of children sensitive to Der p 1 or Der p 2 are also sensitive to Der p 10. However, many patients sensitized to all three molecules had a high risk of asthma and anaphylaxis. Therefore, the assessment of Der p 10 sensitization should be considered in atopic patients with sensitization to Der p 1 and Der p 2 to avoid encountering possible adverse reactions after ingesting foods containing tropomyosins.
Study on the Support Effect of Energy-Absorbing Support Structure in the Coal Mine Roadway and the Synergic Effect with Wall Rock
Authors: Wang Shuwen , Su Shijie , Zhao Qian , An Dong , Xiao Yonghui , Xu Hailiang
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the effectiveness of energy absorption anti-impact support in protecting the coal mine roadway from rock burst and ensuring safe production. By establishing an ABAQUS numerical model of the support and wall rock, the mechanical behavior of the system under static and impact loads have been investigated. The analysis includes the deformation of the wall rock, plastic strain, plastic property, and damage range to evaluate the support effect and the synergistic effect with the wall rock. The findings indicate that compared to ordinary support, the energy absorption anti-impact support exhibits a 20.40% increase in maximum deformation, 4.74% increase in maximum stress, 66.67% decrease in maximum plastic strain, and 116.79% increase in maximum absorption energy. The wall rock also experiences a 2.91% increase in maximum deformation and 10.19% increase in maximum stress. These results suggest that energy absorption anti-impact support is effective in improving the anti-impact performance of the support and providing a certain level of protection to both the support and wall rock.
Acupuncture Alters Brain’s Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity in Stroke Patients with Motor Dysfunction: A Randomised Controlled Neuroimaging Trial
Authors: Wang Yahui , Lu Mengxin , Liu Ruoyi , Wang Liping , Wang Yue , Xu Lingling , Wu Kang , Chen Chen , Chen Tianzhu , Shi Xinyue , Li Kuangshi , Zou Yihuai
Published: June 2023

Objectives. Neuroimaging studies have confirmed that acupuncture can promote static functional reorganization in poststroke patients with motor dysfunction. But its effect on dynamic brain networks remains unclear. This study is aimed at investigating how acupuncture affected the brain’s dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) after ischemic stroke. Methods. We conducted a single-center, randomised controlled neuroimaging study in ischemic stroke patients. A total of 53 patients were randomly divided into the true acupoint treatment group (TATG) and the sham acupoint treatment group (SATG) at a ratio of 2 : 1. Clinical assessments and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed on subjects before and after treatment. We used dFNC analysis to estimate distinct dynamic connectivity states. Then, the temporal properties and strength of functional connectivity (FC) matrix were compared within and between the two groups. The correlation analysis between dynamic characteristics and clinical scales was also calculated. Results. All functional network connectivity (FNC) matrices were clustered into 3 connectivity states. After treatment, the TATG group showed a reduced mean dwell time and found attenuated FC between the sensorimotor network (SMN) and the frontoparietal network (FPN) in state 3, which was a sparsely connected state. The FC between the dorsal attention network (DAN) and the default mode network (DMN) was higher after treatment in the TATG group in state 1, which was a relative segregated state. The SATG group preferred to increase the mean dwell time and FC within FPN in state 2, which displayed a local tightly connected state. In addition, we found that the FC value increased between DAN and right frontoparietal network (RFPN) in state 1 in the TATG group after treatment compared to the SATG group. Correlation analyses before treatment showed that the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) lower score was negatively correlated with the mean dwell time in state 3. FMA score showed positive correlation with FC in RFPN-SMN in state 3. FMA-lower score was positively correlated with FC in DAN-DMN and DAN-RFPN in state 1. Conclusions. Acupuncture has the potential to modulate abnormal temporal properties and promote the balance of separation and integration of brain function. True acupoint stimulation may have a more positive effect on regulating the brain’s dynamic function. Clinical Trial Registration. This trial is registered with Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR1800016263).
An Integrated Framework Approach to Understanding Vietnamese People’s Intention to Adopt Smart Home Solutions
Authors: Pham Linh Thi Thuy , Nguyen Yen Thi Hoang
Published: June 2023

In recent years, although smart homes and smart home solutions have been widely accepted in developed regions (such as Europe, the United States, and Japan), their application in emerging countries (such as Vietnam) remains limited. This study is aimed at assessing the factors influencing Vietnamese people’s intention to adopt smart home solutions based on the integration of the technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory. The study collected quantitative data from a survey of 310 participants in Vietnam and analyzed them using structural equation modelling with AMOS software. This study’s findings show that compatibility and perceived usefulness play important roles in promoting users’ intention to adopt smart home solutions. This study has practical implications for businesses in Vietnam and provides useful recommendations for future research.
Table S2 from Targeting Fatty Acid Reprogramming Suppresses CARM1-expressing Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lombardi Simona , Goldman Aaron R. , Tang Hsin-Yao , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Liu Heng , Zhou Wei , Herlyn Meenhard , Lin Jianhuang , Zhang Rugang
Published: June 2023

Reverse Phase Protein Assay (RPPA) analysis in control and CARM1 knockout PEO4 cells.
TABLE 2 from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Bertucci François , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: June 2023

Univariate Cox regression model for OS, PFS, and DMFS among patients with breast cancer (World IBC Consortium dataset; n = 314)
Figure S2 from Targeting Fatty Acid Reprogramming Suppresses CARM1-expressing Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lombardi Simona , Goldman Aaron R. , Tang Hsin-Yao , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Liu Heng , Zhou Wei , Herlyn Meenhard , Lin Jianhuang , Zhang Rugang
Published: June 2023

CARM1 regulates FASN and ACC1 expression by recruiting XBP1s to their promoters.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure S2. Volcano plots show differences in gene expression in parental and Cas9-p15 control or MELK knockout (KO) MDA-MB-231 cells.
FIGURE 3 from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: June 2023

Inhibitory effect of MELK-In-17 on anchorage-independent growth, motility, CSC properties, and EMT transition in TNBC cells. A–D, MELK-In-17 inhibited anchorage-independent growth (A), suppressed migration and invasion (B), reduced mammosphere formation (C), and reduced CD44+/CD24− and ALDH1+ CSC subpopulations (D) in TNBC cells. In A, the anchorage-independent growth was determined using a soft-agar assay at week 3 following treatment. In B, cells were pretreated with MELK-In-17 for 2 hours and then assayed for migration and invasion in the presence of MELK-In-17. In C, cells were seeded for mammosphere formation and the next day treated with MELK-In-17. In D, cells were treated with MELK-In-17 for 48 hours and then subjected to flow cytometry analysis. E, Western blot analysis of the effects of treatment with MELK-In-17 on the expression of EMT markers. α-Tubulin was used as a loading control. Band intensity of proteins is normalized to that of α-Tubulin. In A–C, data are presented as mean ± SD. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.
FIGURE 2 from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: June 2023

Effect of MELK knockdown or overexpression on proliferation, motility, EMT, and CSC properties in TNBC cells. Effect of MELK knockdown or KO (A) or overexpression (B) on proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of TNBC cells. HCC70 and BT-549 cells (A, bottom left) were treated with two different siMELK sequences for 48 hours. MELK expression was then determined using Western blot analysis (top), and cell viability was determined using trypan blue exclusion assay (bottom left). In MELK KO MDA-MB-231 cells (A, bottom right), anchorage-independent growth was determined using soft-agar assay at week 3 following incubation. β-Actin was used as a loading control for Western blot analysis. SUM149 and SUM159 cells (B) were transfected with plasmids encoding WT MELK gene or KD MELK gene and cultured for 48 hours. MELK expression was then determined using Western blot analysis (top), and cell growth was determined using anchorage-independent growth assay (bottom). β-Actin was used as a loading control for Western blot analysis. Effect of MELK knockdown (C) or overexpression (D) on migration and invasion of TNBC cells. Cells were transfected with two different siMELK sequences for 72 hours or plasmids encoding WT MELK gene or KD MELK gene for 48 hours and then assayed for migration and invasion. E, Effect of MELK knockdown on expression of EMT epithelial and mesenchymal markers in TNBC cells. Cells were treated with two different siMELK sequences for 48 hours, and then MELK expression was determined using Western blot analysis. α-Tubulin was used as a loading control. Effect of knockdown or KO (F) or overexpression (G) of MELK on mammosphere formation in TNBC cells. Cells were transfected with two different siMELK sequences or plasmids encoding WT MELK gene or KD MELK gene and 48 hours later were seeded for mammosphere formation. MELK KO clones were cultured for 7 days and then analyzed for mammosphere formation. H, Effect of MELK knockdown on CD44+/CD24− and ALDH1+ subpopulations in TNBC cells. Cells were treated with two different siMELK sequences and 48 hours later subjected to flow cytometry analysis. In A and F, P15 indicates Cas9-p15 control cells; C3, MELK KO C3 clones; and C28, MELK KO C28 clones. In A–D, G, and F, data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.
Data from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: June 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has high relapse and metastasis rates and a high proportion of cancer stem-like cells (CSC), which possess self-renewal and tumor initiation capacity. MELK (maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase), a protein kinase of the Snf1/AMPK kinase family, is known to promote CSC maintenance and malignant transformation. However, the role of MELK in TNBC metastasis is unknown; we sought to address this in the current study. We found that MELK mRNA levels were higher in TNBC tumors [8.11 (3.79–10.95)] than in HR+HER2− tumors [6.54 (2.90–9.26)]; P < 0.001]. In univariate analysis, patients with breast cancer with high-MELK–expressing tumors had worse overall survival (P < 0.001) and distant metastasis-free survival (P < 0.01) than patients with low-MELK–expressing tumors. In a multicovariate Cox regression model, high MELK expression was associated with shorter overall survival after adjusting for other baseline risk factors. MELK knockdown using siRNA or MELK inhibition using the MELK inhibitor MELK-In-17 significantly reduced invasiveness, reversed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and reduced CSC self-renewal and maintenance in TNBC cells. Nude mice injected with CRISPR MELK-knockout MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited suppression of lung metastasis and improved overall survival compared with mice injected with control cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MELK-In-17 suppressed 4T1 tumor growth in syngeneic BALB/c mice (P < 0.001). Our findings indicate that MELK supports metastasis by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the CSC phenotype in TNBC.
Significance:
These findings indicate that MELK is a driver of aggressiveness and metastasis in TNBC.
SMARCA4-Deficient Undifferentiated Tumor Achieved by Transbronchial Mediastinal Cryobiopsy Additional to Needle Aspiration
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhou Dong , Fu Wan-Lei , Guo Jie-Ru , Cheng Tian-Le , Jiang Yun-Qiu , Huang Zan-Sheng , Herth Felix J. , Fan Ye
Published: June 2023

Lung cancer is the leading cause of deaths from malignant neoplasms worldwide, and a satisfactory biopsy that allows for histological and other analyses is critical for its diagnosis. Guidelines have recommended endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) as the reference standard for the staging of lung cancer. However, the relatively limited sample volume retrieved by needle aspiration might restrict the diagnostic capacity of EBUS-TBNA in other uncommon thoracic tumors. Transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy is a recently developed sampling strategy for mediastinal lesions, which demonstrates added diagnostic value to conventional needle aspiration. Here, we present a case of thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor successfully diagnosed by mediastinal cryobiopsy additional to EBUS-TBNA.
Medicaid Expansion Under the Affordable Care Act and Association With Cardiac Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jiang Ginger Y. , Urwin John W. , Wasfy Jason H.
Published: June 2023

Background:

The goal of the Affordable Care Act was to improve health outcomes through expanding insurance, including through Medicaid expansion. We systematically reviewed the available literature on the association of Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion with cardiac outcomes.

Methods:

Consistent with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, we performed systematic searches in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature using the keywords such as Medicaid expansion and cardiac, cardiovascular, or heart to identify titles published from 1/2014 to 7/2022 that evaluated the association between Medicaid expansion and cardiac outcomes.

Results:

A total of 30 studies met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 14 studies (47%) used a difference-in-difference study design and 10 (33%) used a multiple time series design. The median number of postexpansion years evaluated was 2 (range, 0.5–6) and the median number of expansion states included was 23 (range, 1–33). Commonly assessed outcomes included insurance coverage of and utilization of cardiac treatments (25.0%), morbidity/mortality (19.6%), disparities in care (14.3%), and preventive care (41.1%). Medicaid expansion was generally associated with increased insurance coverage, reduction in overall cardiac morbidity/mortality outside of acute care settings, and some increase in screening for and treatment of cardiac comorbidities.

Conclusions:

Current literature demonstrates that Medicaid expansion was generally associated with increased insurance coverage of cardiac treatments, improvement in cardiac outcomes outside of acute care settings, and some improvements in cardiac-focused prevention and screening. Conclusions are limited because quasi-experimental comparisons of expansion and nonexpansion states cannot account for unmeasured state-level confounders.
Abstract Labour and Socialism
Authors: Khosravi Kamal
Published: June 2023

Should the regulation of production and distribution in a socialist society be based on the law of value? In this article we ask (1) Is this question not based on an ontological understanding of labour, on a rational and therefore conceptual understanding of abstract labour and, ultimately, a transhistorical understanding of value and the so-called ‘law of value’?; (2) is it not precisely this deception and power of the fetishism of commodities that, by eternalising value and the ‘law of value’, limits the horizon and perspective of ‘realistic politics’ (Realpolitik)?; and (3) whether this question does not treat socialism as a political situation where the solution to its ‘economic’ problem is unrelated to its very identity? In order to answer these questions, we provide a novel understanding of Marx’s fundamental category of value, its substance, form and magnitude, with the help of the German expression Formgehalt, translated as form-content.
„Reinhart Fuchs“ und der Arzt aus Salerno
Authors: Schneidergruber Dietmar
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the interpretation and dating of the „Märe“ Reinhart Fuchs, with its political function being elaborated. This is accomplished by means of a hierarchical order of the animal protagonists in a society of estates. The author of Reinhart Fuchs establishes a context with the „Märe“ Der arme Heinrich and draws on the new medical developments from Salerno, but also uses his own medical knowledge. Thereby, King Vrevel is characterised as a selfish person who, as a ruler, has no Christian virtue. The „Märe“ is defined by its anti-Staufian character and can thus also be classified quite accurately in terms of time. The author can be assumed to be Heinrich von Avranches, who had the requirements and the necessary knowledge.
Effects of a Novel Stereoscopic Flow-Diverting Stent on Intracranial Aneurysm Hemodynamics
Authors: Zhao Zhikang , Qiu Hancheng , Song Xiaowen , Xu Xiaobo , Dong Yiying
Published: June 2023

Objective: To preliminarily explore the effects of a novel stereoscopic flow-diverting stent on the hemodynamics and pathophysiology of intracranial aneurysm. Methods: Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD)
findings and blood examination-related parameters were collected from eligible patients for clinical research. Then a model of aneurysm with its bearing artery was established, based on which a novel stereoscopic flow-diverting stent model was constructed, and hemodynamic data of fluid models
with and without novel stereoscopic flow-diverting stent implantation were analyzed. Results: The novel stereoscopic flow-diverting stent could effectively decrease blood flow into the aneurysm and notably reduce blood flow velocity in the aneurysm. The time-averaged wall shear stress
(TAWSS) in the aneurysm was distinctly attenuated, and the high shear stress distribution area was also markedly diminished. Conclusion: The novel stereoscopic flow-diverting stent plays an effective isolating role, which is conducive to inducing thrombosis in aneurysm, thus protecting
aneurysm vessels. Furthermore, the novel stereoscopic flow-diverting stent can evidently alter the hemodynamic environment in the aneurysm, notably reduce blood flow into the aneurysm, attenuate the mechanical compression of pulsatile blood flow on the vascular wall, and slow down the blood
flow velocity in the aneurysm, thus contributing to stabilizing aneurysm. Improving the hemodynamic environment guarantees arterial revascularization and stable thrombosis, thereby effectively controlling the illness.
Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles Loaded with FK506 Inhibits Acute Heart Transplantation Rejection via Regulation of Monocyte Dendritic Cells Receptor
Authors: Wang Sheng , Cheng Zhaoyun , Chen Xianjie , Lu Guoqing , Zhu Xiliang , Qi Zhenchang
Published: June 2023

FK506-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs) (PLGA-FK506-NPs) have been indicated to exert better curative effect on rejection. Therefore, were herein studied mechanism underlying PLGA-FK506-NPs suppression of heart transplantation rejection. After construction
of heterotopic heart transplant model in rats and preparation of composite NPs, the animals were administered with normal saline, FK506 and PLGA-FK506-NPs. With measurement of survival time for transplanted hearts and detection of NPs toxicity, rat tissue sample was collected for Hematoxylin
and eosin (H&E) staining observation. T cell infiltration and contents of IL-12 and IL-23 in dendritic cell (DCs) were also detected. In the presence of FK506 or PLGA-FK506-NPs, cell viability did not change significantly (p > 0.05), indicating low toxicity of PLGA-FK506-NPs.
Importantly, treatment with FK506 or PLGA-FK506-NPs alleviated CD3+ T cell infiltration and rejection, compared with control group. Of note was that, 40% of the rat hearts in the PLGA-FK506-NPs group had an Acute Rejection (AR) level of 1R, but only 20% in the FK506 group. PLGA-FK506-NPs group
had a longer heart transplant survival time than both control and FK506 groups (p <0.001). Over time, FK506 concentration decreased in blood from the rats in the FK506 and PLGA-FK506-NPs groups, indicating that, FK506 was gradually metabolized. Additionally, PLGA-FK506-NPs and FK506
resulted in increased secretion of IL-12 and IL-23, with a higher level in the PLGA-FK506-NPs group. PLGA-FK506-NPs can effectively increase FK506 content in the body, prolonging survival time of heart transplant recipients, relieving AR, and improving secretion of related factors in the mono-DCs
recipients.
The Number and Type of Private Firearms in the United States
Authors: Berrigan John , Azrael Deborah , Miller Matthew
Published: June 2023

Since 2015, tens of millions of guns have entered the U.S. market. Using household survey data, we found that the number of firearms owned by U.S. adults increased from 265 million in 2015 to 326 million in 2019. Over this period, the proportion of firearms that were handguns increased slightly, from 42 to 44 percent, continuing a long-standing trend. Seventy percent of handguns were pistols (102 million) and 30 percent revolvers (43 million); 5.7 million were stored in cars. Sixty-three percent of long guns were rifles (113 million); 37 percent were shotguns (65 million). Of the 40 percent of rifles that were semiautomatic, half were described as military-style rifles (23 million) and half as hunting rifles (22 million). Gun ownership was highly concentrated: 87 percent of all firearms were owned by the half of gun owners who owned more than two guns. We discuss the public health and surveillance implications of these findings.
The Effect of Permissive Gun Laws on Crime
Authors: Donohue John J.
Published: June 2023

Substantial evidence has documented a powerful “instrumentality” effect: the more lethal the weaponry employed, the greater the likelihood that death will result from any given assault. This finding provides the foundation for the subsequent findings that a variety of measures that restrict the prevalence or limit the permissible types of lethal weaponry can lower the costs of gun violence. The literature has advanced to the point that there is a sufficient empirical basis to call for the elimination of right-to-carry laws, to reestablish bans on assault weapons and high-capacity magazines, to maintain restrictions on youthful access to guns, and to repeal stand-your-ground laws. The Supreme Court’s recent decision expanding the scope of the Second Amendment in New York State Rifle and Pistol Association v. Bruen shows a concerning disinterest in the importance of these empirical findings.