bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Schwere Candida-glabrata-Pankolitis und letale Aspergillus-fumigatus-Lungeninfektion vor dem Hintergrund einer Knochenmarkaplasie nach CD19-spezifischer CAR T-Zell-Therapie – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Rejeski Kai , Kunz Wolfgang G. , Rudelius Martina , Bücklein Veit , Blumenberg Viktoria , Schmidt Christian , Karschnia Philipp , Schöberl Florian , Dimitriadis Konstantin , von Baumgarten Louisa , Stemmler H. Joachim , Weigert Oliver , Dreyling Martin , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Subklewe Marion
Published: August 2021

Hintergrund: Eine lang andauernde Myelosuppression ist ein wichtiges, bisher jedoch unzureichend beschriebenes unerwünschtes Ereignis nach einer gegen CD19 gerichteten CAR-T-Zell-Transfusion. Die resultierende Neutropenie und multifaktorielle Immunsuppression können schwere Infektionskomplikationen begünstigen. Vorstellung des Falls: Wir beschreiben den klinischen Verlauf eines 59-jährigen Patienten mit rezidivierendem/refraktärem DLBCL, der mit Axicabtagen-Ciloleucel (Axi-Cel) behandelt wurde. Der Patient entwickelte ein CRS vom ASTCT-Grad I und ICANS vom Grad IV, was eine Verlegung in die neurologische Intensivstation und anhaltende Gabe hochdosierter Kortikosteroide und anderer Immunsuppressiva erforderlich machte. Die Neutropenie war hochgradig (NEU <100/μl), G-CSF-refraktäre und lang anhaltend (über 50 Tage). 3 Wochen nach der CAR-T-Zell-Transfusion entwickelte der Patient einen schweren septischen Schock unter antimykotischer Prophylaxe mit Micafungin. Unter breiter antiinfektiver Therapie und intensiven supportiven Maßnahmen stabilisierte sich sein Zustand. Ein autogener Stammzell-Boost wurde an Tag 46 angewendet, um die hämatopoietische Erholung zu unterstützen. Daraufhin begannen sich die Werte des Patienten zunächst zu verbessern, dann trat jedoch eine invasive Lungenaspergillose auf, die letztlich zum Atemversagen und Tod des Patienten führte. Die postmortale Untersuchung ergab Anzeichen einer Candida-glabrata-Pankolitis. Schlussfolgerungen: Dieser Fall unterstreicht das erhöhte Risiko tödlicher Infektionskomplikationen bei Patienten mit sehr schwerer und lang andauernder Zytopenie nach einer CAR-T-Zell-Therapie. Wir beschreiben hier einen seltenen Fall einer C.-glabrata-Pankolitis im Zusammenhang mit einer multifaktoriellen Immunsuppression. Unser Patient erlag zwar letztlich einer letalen Mykose, doch die autologe Stammzell-Boosterung vermochte die Hämatopoese anzuregen und könnte somit eine wichtige Behandlungsstrategie bei DLBCL-Patienten mit CAR-T-Zell-assoziierter Knochenmarkaplasie sein, denen zuvor Stammzellen entnommen wurden.
Mídia Ninja e a comunicação contra-hegemônica
Authors: Andrade Ian Rebouças de , Nunes Márcia Vidal
Published: August 2021

A Mídia NINJA (Narrativas Independentes, Jornalismo e Ação) se propõe a fazer jornalismo, focando em narrativas do ponto de vista do ativista, militante, ou do popular, com objetivo de dar voz e visibilidade aos que não tem. A pergunta principal é: o coletivo Mídia Ninja se considera como uma comunicação contra-hegemônica? As metodologias utilizadas são entrevistas semiestruturadas e a observação participante. Algumas considerações são que: a Mídia Ninja e a mídia tradicional apresentam diferentes versões da realidade, ou diferentes enquadramentos e que para construir uma narrativa contrária e contra-hegemônica, tem que haver uma narrativa hegemônica para ser desmontada, sendo a relação entre a Mídia Ninja e a mídia tradicional dialógica e interdependente.
Impact of Genetic Testing for Cardiomyopathy on Emotional Well-Being and Family Dynamics: A Study of Parents and Adolescents
Authors: Ahimaz Priyanka , Sabatello Maya , Qian Min , Wang Aijin , Miller Erin M. , Parrott Ashley , Lal Ashwin K. , Chatfield Kathryn C. , Rossano Joseph W. , Ware Stephanie M. , Parent John J. , Kantor Paul , Yue Lisa , Wynn Julia , Lee Teresa M. , Addonizio Linda J. , Appelbaum Paul S. , Chung Wendy K.
Published: August 2021

Background:

Genetic testing is indicated for children with a personal or family history of hereditary cardiomyopathy to determine appropriate management and inform risk stratification for family members. The implications of a positive genetic result for children can potentially impact emotional well-being. Given the nuances of cardiomyopathy genetic testing for minors, this study aimed to understand how parents involve their children in the testing process and investigate the impact of genetic results on family dynamics.

Methods:

A survey was distributed to participants recruited from the Children’s Cardiomyopathy Foundation and 7 North American sites in the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry. The survey explored adolescent and parent participants’ emotions upon receiving their/their child’s genetic results, parent-child result communication and its impact on family functionality, using the McMaster Family Assessment Device.

Results:

One hundred sixty-two parents of minors and 48 adolescents who were offered genetic testing for a personal or family history of cardiomyopathy completed the survey. Parents whose child had cardiomyopathy were more likely to disclose positive diagnostic genetic results to their child (P=0.014). Parents with unaffected children and positive predictive testing results were more likely to experience negative emotions about the result (P≤0.001) but also had better family functioning scores than those with negative predictive results (P=0.019). Most adolescents preferred results communicated directly to the child, but parents were divided about whether their child’s result should first be released to them or their child.

Conclusions:

These findings have important considerations for how providers structure genetic services for adolescents and facilitate discussion between parents and their children about results.
Turkey and Indonesia: A Relationship of Muslim-Majority Middle Powers
Authors: Bishku Michael B.
Published: August 2021

Turkey and Indonesia are both members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, a group of 57 Muslim-populated countries, and the D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, a group of Muslim-majority states, but their respective Constitutions do not give preference to the Islamic faith. While developing relations as part of the Muslim world, Turkey and Indonesia are also members of the G20, an organization of countries with some of the most important economies as well as mikta, a less formal group of middle powers in the G20 to deal with matters of common interest designed to enhance their soft power vis-à-vis the political dominance of major world and other regional powers. In addition, the founding fathers of modern Indonesia in their struggle for independence against the colonial power of the Netherlands following the Second World War found inspiration in the actions of founding father of the Republic of Turkey following the First World War. Yet despite all these connections and the importance of these two countries in world affairs, the study of the bilateral relations of Turkey and Indonesia and their interactions as part of multilateral organizations has been either neglected or extremely limited in coverage. This article attempts to ameliorate that situation.
Why Good Governance Goes Wrong: Government and Village in the Supply of Public Goods in Rural China
Authors: Wang (王海侠) Haixia , Yuan (袁陆仪) Luyi
Published: August 2021

Following the rural tax-for-fee reform and the abolition of agricultural taxes in the early 2000s, the overall supply of rural public goods has improved, but its performance is still deficient. During a field study of ecological migrants in rural Ningxia, the authors witnessed the problems encountered in the implementation of a public housing project. This episode demonstrates how the provision of rural public goods depends on rural governance that responds to the tension between modern development and the values of rural society. The failure of the project stems from the clash between the logic of peasant actions and the performance indicators of cadres, producing an internal rupture between rural society and rural governance. In the process of modernization and urbanization, grassroots government is becoming more bureaucratic and technical, with the prevalence of e-government and especially with village committees turning increasingly administrativized and beholden to superior levels of government, and thus is failing to fully embed itself in rural society.
Religious Identity Exploration in the Life Stories of Strictly Reformed-Raised Emerging Adults in the Netherlands
Authors: de Bruin-Wassinkmaat Anne-Marije , de Kock Jos , Visser-Vogel Elsbeth , Bakker Cok , Barnard Marcel
Published: August 2021

This article presents the findings from a qualitative study on the religious identity exploration processes and experiences of emerging adults who grew up in strictly Reformed contexts in the Netherlands. We discuss three forms of exploration that appeared in our data: asking questions, exploring alternatives and rebelling against things that are disallowed or undesirable in the strictly Reformed tradition. We also discuss patterns that emerged from our analysis of exploration related to participants’ current religious identity commitments and a strictly Reformed upbringing. Finally, we discuss our findings and propose directions for further research and implications for those who guide youth in religious identity development.
Cheilanthes qiaojiaensis (Cheilanthoideae, Pteridaceae), a new fern species from Yunnan, China
Authors: CHU WEI-MING , ZHAO JING , TAO YA-DI , ZHOU XIN-MAO , HE ZHAO-RONG
Published: August 2021

Cheilanthes qiaojiaensis, a new fern of Pteridaceae subfamily Cheilanthoideae, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, C. qiaojiaensis is similar to C. chusana and Aleuritopteris rufa in having plants hairiness and laminae elliptic-lanceolate, but the new species has plants covered with dense hairs throughout, petiole and rachis flattened to narrowly grooved, and false indusia wide and continuous. The phylogenetic analysis also shows that C. qiaojiaensis is not a close relative of either A. rufa or C. chusana.
Vicoa sahyadrica (Asteraceae), a new species from Western India with a note on Dalzell’s Vicoa cernua and Heracleum grandiflorum
Authors: NANDIKAR MAYUR D. , SARDESAI MILIND M.
Published: August 2021

Recently described two new species, viz. Pinda shrirangii (Apiaceae) and Vicoa gokhalei (Asteraceae), are reviewed for their taxonomy. An illegitimate Heracleum grandiflorum Dalzell & Gibson (non Steven ex M. Bieb.) is recognised as conspecific with P. shrirangii and proposed as a new synonym of the latter. Vicoa gokhalei is found to be conspecific with V. cernua Dalzell. Consequently, Vicoa cernua sensu Gosavi et al. with inconspicuously ligulate ray florets and more pappose achenes is described here as a new species, viz. Vicoa sahyadrica Nandikar & Sardesai.
Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides (Compositae): New record to Asia with its identity, typification, and distribution
Authors: NIMBALKAR VARSHA V. , SHARMA OSHIN A. , GIRDHARI MILIND M. , SARDESAI MILIND M.
Published: August 2021

Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides is reported as new to Asia, and the details of its identification, typification, and distribution are provided here along with the designation of a lectotype. The article includes an amended description, a line drawing illustration and a detailed photo plate of the plant with an artificial key to the Indian Sphaeranthus species.
Undarobius, a new genus of cavernicolous weevils (Curculionidae: Entiminae: Leptopiini) from the Undara Lava Caves in north-eastern Australia, with an overview of anophthalmic and microphthalmic Australian Curculionidae
Authors: ESCALONA HERMES E. , OBERPRIELER ROLF G.
Published: August 2021

Undarobius gen. n., a new genus of cavernicolous weevils with two new species, U. howarthi sp. n. and U. irvini sp. n., is described from the Undara Lava Cave system in north-eastern Queensland, Australia. These are the first cavernicolous weevils to be described from Australia, and U. howarthi is a new addition to the rich arthropod fauna of Bayliss Cave. Undarobius weevils are relatively large in size (4.0–5.5 mm long), anophthalmic and apterous with a robust, flattened body and long legs. The genus has affinities with Leptopiini, but its placement in the tribe is uncertain. We also provide a list of the known anophthalmic and microphthalmic weevils in Australia, spanning 65 species classified in 20 genera, eight tribes and about seven subfamilies and found in diverse hypogean habitats, mainly leaf litter but also soil, beach sand, subterranean aquifers and mosses.
A new species of Glyptothorax (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Brahmaputra River basin, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: KOSYGIN LAISHRAM , SINGH PRATIMA , RATH SHIBANANDA
Published: August 2021

Glyptothorax rupiri, a new sisorid catfish, is described from the Brahmaputra River basin in Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. It differs from its congeners in the Indian subcontinent by the following combination of characters: the presence of plicae on the ventral surface of the pectoral spine and first pelvic-fin ray; a posteriorly serrated dorsal-fin spine, its length 11.3–12.2% SL; body depth at anus 11.2–13.4% SL; a thoracic adhesive apparatus longer than broad, with a V-shaped median depression which opens posteriorly; an arrow-shaped anterior nuchal plate element; adipose-fin base length 10.9–12.6% SL; nasal barbel not reaching anterior orbital margin; 14–18 serrae on posterior margin of the pectoral-fin spine; body with two longitudinal pale-cream stripes; densely tuberculated skin; and the presence of numerous tubercles on the dorsal surface of pectoral and pelvic-fin rays.
On the formation mechanism of cirrus banding: radiosonde observations, numerical simulations, and stability analyses
Authors: Yamazaki Kazuya , Miura Hiroaki
Published: August 2021

The structures and formation mechanisms of cirrus banding are investigated by analyzing radiosonde observations, conducting high-resolution numerical experiments, and performing linear stability analyses. In all 29 cases of cirrus bands that were analyzed, radiosonde observational data indicate that statically unstable layers exist. The detected banding clouds were aligned nearly parallel to the vertical shear vector in the unstable layer. In high-resolution numerical experiments using the cloud-resolving model SCALE-RM, cirrus bands forming in the outflow layer of a tropical cyclone are explicitly simulated. The existence of statically unstable layers and band-parallel background vertical wind shear are commonly identified in the simulations. Sensitivity experiments and heat budget analyses demonstrated that the unstable stratification within the cirrus clouds was maintained by the cloud-radiation interactions. To reveal the behavior of fluid instabilities in the cirrus bands, linear stability analyses in a basic state constructed from the radiosonde observations were performed. The fastest-growing disturbance is highly similar to that of the previously known thermal-shear instability in a uniform and isolated unstable layer and the results obtained by radiosonde observations and numerical simulations. All of the results consistently indicate that thermal-shear instability is responsible for the formation of cirrus banding. Our results not only follow previous modeling studies but also provide observational support, quantification of the destabilization by the cloud-radiation interactions, as well as a theoretical basis of the thermal-shear instability in a complex environment near cirrus bands.
Primary Repair of Traumatic Complete Pancreatic Rupture
Authors: Venianaki Maria , Ierodiakonou Despoina , Chryssou Evangelia , Chrysos Emmanuel , Chalkiadakis Georgios , Lasithiotakis Konstantinos
Published: August 2021

Isolated pancreatic injury with transection of the pancreatic duct is generally treated with pancreatic resection, but the optimal management is not based on high-level evidence. Herein, we report a case of primary repair of complete rupture of the pancreas and pancreatic duct after a blunt abdominal trauma and a review of the literature. A 33-year-old patient had an isolated pancreatic injury after blunt abdominal trauma. At laparotomy, an even transection was found with minimal necrosis and tissue loss and an end-to-end anastomosis of the duct and the parenchyma with omental patch was performed. Patient’s postoperative course was complicated by a 6 cm pseudocyst and a low output pancreatic fistula which did not require any intervention and were self-limited. In the literature, 17 cases with primary repair of similar grade IV pancreatic injuries have been reported. Postoperative complications included mostly fistulas and pseudocysts.
Financial and Intellectual Conflicts of Interest Among Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines Authors for Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Murayama Anju , Kida Futa , Ozaki Akihiko , Saito Hiroaki , Sawano Toyoaki , Tanimoto Tetsuya
Published: August 2021

Objective

To elucidate financial and intellectual conflicts of interest (COIs) among clinical practice guideline (CPG) authors of allergic rhinitis in Japan and to evaluate the extent of transparency and accuracy in COIs by CPG authors of allergic rhinitis.

Study Design

A cross‐sectional analysis of the payment data from all 79 pharmaceutical companies in Japan between 2016 and 2017.

Setting

Japan.

Methods

We considered all 27 CPG authors from 2 different versions of the most prominent CPGs for allergic rhinitis in Japan. Using payment data disclosed by 79 major pharmaceutical companies between 2016 and 2017, we assessed the magnitude and characteristics of financial COIs of CPG authors. We also evaluated the intellectual COIs of the CPG authors by counting self‐citations of research articles related to CPG statements and recommendations.

Results

Of 27 CPG authors, 26 authors (96.3%) received at least 1 payment from a combined total of $1,333,552 between 2016 and 2017. The 2‐year combined average and median monetary values per author were $49,391 (SD, $67,438) and $18,400 (interquartile range: $6,216‐$72,494), respectively. Pharmaceutical companies with novel drugs predominantly made these payments. The percentage of citations with at least 1 CPG author relative to total citations was 47.6% in 2016 and 27.9% in 2020. There were no formal COI disclosure statements in either version.

Conclusion

This study found that allergic rhinitis CPG authors had significant financial relationships with pharmaceutical companies, particularly those marketing novel drugs. In addition, CPG authors had relatively high self‐citation rates, a potential marker of intellectual COIs. More rigorous and comprehensive COI management strategies are needed.
Tonsil Riots and Vaccine Hesitancy: A 100‐Year Legacy of Medical Mistrust
Authors: Alrassi James , Cochran James , Rosenfeld Richard M.
Published: August 2021

The “tonsil riots” of 1906 were panics that developed at several public schools in historically immigrant‐dominated neighborhoods of New York City (NYC). Per archived newspaper articles, several NYC public schools asked for parental consent to have Board of Health physicians come and perform tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy on their students. When children subsequently returned home from school “drooling mouthfuls of blood and barely able to speak,” mothers reacted with panic and flocked to the schools demanding the safe return of their children. Police, ultimately, had to be called in to manage the crowds, and the events of 1906 largely faded from the public eye. However, these events can offer important lessons in communication and cultural humility as the United States continues its mass vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019.
Sport, Politics, and Society in the Middle East, Edited by Danyel Reiche and Tamir Sorek, London, Hurst & Company, 2019, Xiv + 284pp., £25 (Paperback), ISBN: 978-1-78738-152-0
Authors: Kucukbas Duman Feray
Published: August 2021

Sport, Politics, and Society in the Middle East, Edited by Danyel Reiche and Tamir Sorek, London, Hurst & Company, 2019, Xiv + 284pp., £25 (Paperback), ISBN: 978-1-78738-152-0.
Penile injection of aedile silicone: A dangerous shortcut
Authors: Sedigh Omid , Pizzuto Giuseppe , Barale Maurizio , Dashti Muhammad , Mazzoli Simone , Righi Dorigo , Dalmasso Ettore , Frea Bruno , Gontero Paolo
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

The size of penis can cause concern in patients, even if the organ is clinically normal. Additionally, the cost of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (iPDE5) and long waiting lists to access penile prosthesis placement can lead patients to resort to non-medical and potentially dangerous alternatives. One of these dangerous alternatives is the injection of building silicone at the level of the subcutis of the penis or the corpora cavernosa causing the formation of a granuloma that increases the girth and consistency of the penis.

Case report:

The article describes the case of a 43-year-old patient who self-injected aedile silicone at the level of his penis in an attempt to achieve greater penile size and greater rigidity. The patient reported that he could not economically afford the iPDE5.The persistence of severe pain in the penis forced the patient to go to a urological examination. The patient subsequently underwent the penile granuloma exeresis procedure and skin reconstruction with scrotal flap.

Conclusion:

The pursuit of sexual well-being can lead some patients to rely on unconventional and potentially harmful techniques. The role of the andrologist and of the scientific society should be to dissuade the patient from using these dangerous methods and to provide valid alternatives accessible to the patient. The economic difficulty in purchasing drugs that facilitate erection or the long waiting lists for the placement of penile prostheses can favor dangerous methods such as penile injection of silicon. There is therefore a clear need to facilitate access to drugs and surgical techniques that favor the patient’s sexual well-being.
An Experimental Trial: Multi-Robot Therapy for Categorization of Autism Level Using Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Ali Sara , Mehmood Faisal , Ayaz Yasar , Sajid Muhammad , Sadia Haleema , Nawaz Raheel
Published: August 2021

Several robot-mediated therapies have been implemented for diagnosis and improvement of communication skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The proposed research uses an existing model i.e., Multi-robot-mediated Intervention System (MRIS) in combination with Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to develop an infrastructure for categorizing the severity of autism in children. The observable states are joint attention type (low, delayed, and immediate) and imitation type (partial, moderate, and full) whereas the non-observable states are (level of autism i.e., (minimal, and mild). The research has been conducted on 12 subjects in which 8 children were in the training session with 72 experiments over 9 weeks, and the remaining 4 subjects were in the prediction test with 25 experiments for 6 weeks. The predicted category was compared with the actual category of autism assessed by the therapist using Childhood Autism Rating Scale. The accuracy of the proposed model is 76%. Further, a statistically significantly moderate Kappa measure of agreement between Childhood Autism Rating Scale and our proposed model has been performed in which n = 25, k = 0.52, and p = 0.009. This research contributes towards the usefulness of Hidden Markov Model integrated with joint attention and imitation modules for categorizing the level of autism using multi-robot therapies.
Does Domestic Violence Against Women Increase Teacher–Student School Violence? The Mediating Roles of Morbidity and Diminished Workplace Performance
Authors: Vara-Horna Arístides A. , Asencios-Gonzalez Zaida B. , McBride J. Brad
Published: August 2021

This research reveals how domestic gender violence suffered by female teachers affects teacher–student school violence in the classroom. Based on a representative survey of 1,542 female professors in 95 public schools in the Callao metropolitan region of Peru using variance structural equation modelling, there is a strong positive relation found between both types of violence (β = 0.34), accompanied by the existence of mediating effects of morbidity and diminished workplace performance. These results demonstrate that in order to reduce the incidence of school violence we must not only address violence between educators and students, but also violence suffered by teachers at the hands of their domestic partner.
Development and analysis of a novel biomechanical model for seated occupants
Authors: Guruguntla Veeresalingam , Lal Mohit
Published: August 2021

Seated occupants may experience discomfort or meet with injuries if the vertical vibration frequency lies in the range of 4–20 Hz. To examine the effect of vibration on seated occupants, it is necessary to develop a biomechanical model that can precisely predict the biodynamic responses (seat to head transmissibility, driving point mechanical impedance, and apparent mass) of a real human. In the past, none of the studies segregated the human body mass into bones and muscles mass that have distinct mechanical properties. In this article, the work is carried out in four steps: first, development of a novel 8- dofs biomechanical model by considering both bone and muscle masses; second, development of all the feasible configurations of 8- dofs model followed by identification and optimization of model parameters with firefly algorithm (FA); third, calibration of all the feasible models as per the standards of biodynamics and selection of best four models; and fourth, comparison of biodynamic responses of best four models with experimental responses and past developed models. The goodness of fit of a seat to head transmissibility, driving point mechanical impedance, and apparent mass for the best model is obtained 0.986, 0.976, and 0.956, respectively.
Digitization in the Market for Entrepreneurial Finance: Innovative Business Models and New Financing Channels
Authors: Bertoni Fabio , Bonini Stefano , Capizzi Vincenzo , Colombo Massimo G. , Manigart Sophie
Published: August 2021

Digitization creates new financial channels that complement traditional intermediaries, but may raise concerns over fraud, cybersecurity, or bubbles. Artificial intelligence and machine learning change the way in which traditional investors work. This special issue focuses on economic, cultural, and regulatory determinants of fintech development, and on the new forms of information production and processing engendered by digital entrepreneurial finance. We provide a general overview of digitization in the market for entrepreneurial finance, illustrate how the different articles in the special issue contribute to advance our knowledge, and identify promising avenues for research.
A Guide to Bilateral Cleft Lip Markings: An Anthropometric Study of the Normal Cupid's Bow
Authors: Loo Yew L. , Van Slyke Aaron C. , Shanmuganathan Pragaash , Reitmaier Robert , Chong David K.
Published: August 2021

Objective

The aim of this study was to define the ratio of the heights of the vermilion between the peaks and trough of the Cupid’s bow and hence assist in defining the point of closure on the lateral lip element to achieve a balanced Cupid's bow in bilateral lip repair based on our findings.

Design

This study is a retrospective observational study of the anthropometrics of the upper lip's Cupid’s bow. Three-dimensional (3D) images of toddlers between 2009 and 2016 were extracted from a normative 3D image database of toddlers at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne.

Patients

Participants from the normative 3D image database at the age of 1 year were studied. This excluded any patients with prior trauma or surgical intervention of the nasolabial region.

Intervention

Landmarks measured were right and left crista philtri (cphR and cphL), labial superius (ls), stomion (sto), right and left chelion, and labial fissure (lf).

Outcome

Vermilion height of the right peak, trough, and left peak of the Cupid’s bow was calculated by analyzing the vertical linear distance between cphR–lf, ls–sto, and cphL–lf. The ratio between the median and paramedian heights were recorded.

Results

The paramedian height of the upper lip vermilion is consistently greater than the midline height. There was no significant sexual dysmorphism between ratio of paramedian to midline height on the right ( P = .538) and left ( P = .410).

Conclusion

We describe an anthropometric observation of the vermilion relationship at the Cupid’s bow and define a specific lateral lip marking for bilateral cleft lip repair based on our anthropometric findings.
Eosinophilic Solid and Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma With Melanin Pigment—Expanding the Morphological Spectrum
Authors: Aldera Alessandro Pietro , Hes Ondřej
Published: August 2021

Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC-RCC) is an emerging entity in renal neoplasia with distinctive histopathological findings and a generally favorable prognosis. The presence of melanin pigment in a renal tumor typically prompts the observer to consider the microphthalmia-associated transcription family translocation renal cell carcinomas. We present a renal tumor occurring in a 19-year-old male patient which had the typical morphology of ESC-RCC but showed the additional finding of focal melanin pigment. This tumor showed strong and diffuse positive immunolabeling with paired box gene 8 and cytokeratin 20, and was negative with epithelial membrane antigen, carbonic anhydrase 9, CD117, cytokeratin 7, and transcription factor E3. Human melanoma black-45 showed focal positivity, but Melan-A was negative. Next-generation sequencing revealed a mutation in the TSC2 gene (c.4490C > G, p.[Pro1497Arg] and c.1257 + 1del) and break apart fluorescence in-situ hybridization with TFE3 and TFEB probes was negative. In this case report, we present the novel finding of melanin pigment occurring in a genetically proven and otherwise typical ESC-RCC, and briefly discuss the differential diagnostic considerations.
Non-infectious uveitis burden on quality of life and work impairment assessed through different psychometric questionnaires
Authors: Cimino Luca , Neri Piergiorgio , Miserocchi Elisabetta , Paroli Maria Pia , Vannozzi Lorenzo , Mastropasqua Leonardo , Gagliano Caterina , Vadalà Maria , Figus Michele , Florio Francesca Romana , Iaccheri Barbara , Mora Paolo , Fossarello Maurizio , Balestrieri Paola , Gualberti Giuliana , Marando Francesca , Accorinti Massimo
Published: August 2021

Background:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between a novel psychometric 12-item questionnaire (U-qest) and other validated questionnaires to assess quality of life and work impairment in patients with non-infectious uveitis.

Methods:

Data were collected at baseline and 3 months postbaseline using U-qest and two other validated questionnaires: The National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25) and the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12).

Results:

A total of 136 patients (52.2% female) aged 47.9 ± 14.8 years (mean ± SD) were enrolled in 14 uveitis referral centres. U-qest correlated moderately with VFQ-25 and SF-12 at baseline and at 3 months. Both U-qest and VFQ-25 scores improved as disease improved; however, U-qest also detected improvement in patients for whom VFQ-25 scores did not improve. Disease activity was shown to significantly affect activity impairment. Patients and physicians expressed positive perceptions regarding the use and benefit of this instrument. U-qest showed very good reliability in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.91).

Conclusions:

U-qest can be considered a useful tool to assess the burden of uveitis on quality of life.
Autism spectrum disorder screening in Chinese-language preschools
Authors: Shum Kathy Kar-man , Wong Rose Mui-fong , Au Angel Hoe-chi , Au Terry Kit-fong
Published: August 2021

This study examined the reliability and validity of the 13-item Classroom Observation Scale as used by teachers and non-clinically trained observers to identify children who more likely than their peers to have autism spectrum disorder in less-resourced preschools. A total of 534 children (ages 2;10 to 4;5, Mean = 3;8) from nine Chinese-language preschools serving families from lower-middle to middle socioeconomic backgrounds in Hong Kong were observed in their first preschool year using the Classroom Observation Scale. The 75 screen-positive children and 55 randomly selected typically developing peers were clinically assessed for autism spectrum disorder 1 year later. The Classroom Observation Scale as used by teachers and non-clinically trained researchers helped to identify preschoolers who were later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder with odds ratios of 3.11 and 8.66, respectively. This study provided further evidence on the versatility and ecological validity of the Classroom Observation Scale for use by preschool teachers and observers with little or no clinical training in the early identification of children with autism spectrum disorder in community settings.

Lay abstract

The 13-item Classroom Observation Scale is an autism spectrum disorder screening tool for teachers and non-clinically trained observers to make real-time observation of children’s peer interaction (or the lack thereof) in regular preschool classrooms. The Classroom Observation Scale was originally developed in English and validated with ethnically diverse preschoolers at English-speaking international schools serving families from middle to middle-upper socioeconomic backgrounds in Hong Kong. These private schools can usually afford a higher teacher–student ratio, which is not typical for most preschools. This study, therefore, investigated whether the Classroom Observation Scale is ecologically valid when used by Chinese teachers with teacher–student ratios typically found in less-resourced preschools. We found that the Classroom Observation Scale reliably helped observers with little or no clinical training—research assistants with just a few hours of Classroom Observation Scale training and preschool teachers with an hour of briefing—to identify children in their first year of Chinese-language preschool who were more likely than their peers to have autism spectrum disorder. Reliability estimates of Classroom Observation Scale-Teacher and Classroom Observation Scale-Researcher in this study were comparable to those for the original English Classroom Observation Scale. Our results provided further evidence on the versatility and ecological validity of the Classroom Observation Scale for use by preschool teachers and non-clinically trained observers in the early identification of children with autism spectrum disorder in community settings.
Adaptive control of damaged structures by using smart tunable liquid column gas damper considering dynamic soil–structure interaction
Authors: Amini Fereidoun , Nazmdar Shahri Nazanin
Published: August 2021

Liquid column dampers are adjusted based on the characteristics of the host structure and the type of external forces. It is assumed in most studies that the structure is rigidly connected to the ground, and the characteristics of the structure are invariant during external excitations. The performance of passive dampers may lose, or structural displacements may be increased by changing these conditions. This study presented a new method to find the optimal control forces for structures equipped with smart tuned liquid column gas damper (TLCGDs), considering variable characteristics of the structure and the soil–structure interaction. The proposed method calculates the gas pressure inside the columns by regularly adjusting and updating the frequency and damping of the TLCGD. The unknown or changed soil–structure characteristics are estimated by a system identification method, and damper parameters are determined through an optimization algorithm. The method was tested on 3- 9- and 10-story shear buildings under harmonic and earthquake excitation. According to the results, the smart damper more effectively reduced the structural displacement.
Texas wildfire survivors’ narratives and the meaning of everyday objects
Authors: Brocato Billy R
Published: August 2021

This study suggests the importance of focusing on lost objects after disasters and gauging the emotional registers and impacts of object loss to best understand and assist in wildfire victims' recovery process. Because objects and materiality are a focus of research in the sociology of culture and the sociology of emotions, I assess these sub-field of interest in object and emotion, along with surveying the various fields dealing with disasters and their aftermaths. Participants were from a small, semi-rural community in the central hill country of Texas. A participant-observer design allowed for working alongside fire survivors. Grounded theory and situational analysis frameworks were used to analyze 54 survivors' narratives related to the importance of everyday household objects in their recovery– things resurrected from the wildfire. The findings suggest that it would be wise to ponder material objects in situated context—in a new manner and with new respect.
Real-time engine model development based on time complexity analysis
Authors: Chen Haotian , Zhang Kun , Deng Kangyao , Cui Yi
Published: August 2021

Real-time simulation models play an important role in the development of engine control systems. The mean value model (MVM) meets real-time requirements but has limited accuracy. By contrast, a crank-angle resolved model, such as the filling -and-empty model, can be used to simulate engine performance with high accuracy but cannot meet real-time requirements. Time complexity analysis is used to develop a real-time crank-angle resolved model with high accuracy in this study. A method used in computer science, program static analysis, is used to theoretically determine the computational time for a multicylinder engine filling-and-empty (crank-angle resolved) model. Then, a prediction formula for the engine cycle simulation time is obtained and verified by a program run test. The influence of the time step, program structure, algorithm and hardware on the cycle simulation time are analyzed systematically. The multicylinder phase shift method and a fast calculation method for the turbocharger characteristics are used to improve the crank-angle resolved filling-and-empty model to meet real-time requirements. The improved model meets the real-time requirement, and the real-time factor is improved by 3.04 times. A performance simulation for a high-power medium-speed diesel engine shows that the improved model has a max error of 5.76% and a real-time factor of 3.93, which meets the requirement for a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation during control system development.
Teaching EndoFLIP Impedance Planimetry to Practicing Endoscopists: An “Into the Fire” Approach to Simulation
Authors: Wong Harry J. , Su Bailey , Attaar Mikhail , Kuchta Kristine , Linn John G. , Haggerty Stephen P. , Denham Woody , Ujiki Michael B.
Published: August 2021

Background. There are growing interests from practicing endoscopists to implement the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) impedance planimetry system. We present a simulation-based curriculum using an “into the fire” approach with hands-on pre- and post-tests to teach the use of this technology. Methods. The curriculum consists of a series of pre-tests, didactic content, mentored hands-on instructions, and post-tests. Pre- and post-testing included a knowledge-based written test, a confidence survey, and an assessment form specific to the hands-on performance of FLIP. Result. Twenty-two practicing physicians completed the curriculum. After course completion, participants had improved knowledge-based written test scores from 6.8±1.7 to 8.9±0.9 ( P<0.001), confidence scores from 10.0±5.9 to 22.1±2.6 ( P<0.001), and hands-on performance score from 11.4±3.4 to 23.1±2.0 ( P<0.001) with significant improvement in all components of the hands-on skills. Conclusion. Our simulation curriculum is effective in improving confidence, knowledge, and technical proficiency when teaching the use of FLIP to practicing physicians.
The effect of in situ laser fenestration for total endovascular arch repair in redo aortic dissection
Authors: Song Jiangwei , Qian Jianfang , Duan Qunjun , Dong Aiqiang , Kong Minjian
Published: August 2021

Objective

Treatment of aortic arch pathologies in redo cases is technically challenging. In this study, we assessed early and mid-term outcomes of total endovascular arch repair combined with a new method of in situ laser fenestration.

Methods

Between January 2018 and March 2019, five patients with a history of cardiovascular surgery underwent in situ laser fenestration procedures using the “squid capture technique” for aortic arch pathologies with dissection. All patients were followed up regularly and imaging examinations were performed. The technical success, procedural complications, as well as the early and mid-term mortality and morbidity rates were evaluated.

Results

All patients survived the operation and fenestration was technically successful in all of the patients. There was no in-hospital mortality. No patients developed major complications, such as peri-operative strokes, transient ischemic attacks, or spinal cord ischemia. The 11–22 months follow-up (mean, 17 months) was completed by all patients. No endoleaks were discovered; false lumen thromboses and subsequent positive remodeling of the aorta were demonstrated and all in situ laser-fenestrated arteries were patent.

Conclusions

In situ laser fenestration combined with “squid capture technique” was shown to may be an effective and safe option for reconstruction of aortic arch during thoracic endovascular aortic repair. In situ laser fenestration combined with “squid capture technology” was shown to be an effective treatment option for patients with prior history of cardiovascular surgery and who are at high risk for redo open operations.
Mapping technology-harm relations: From ambient harms to zemiosis
Authors: Wood Mark A
Published: August 2021

This article develops a new approach to analysing the technology-harm nexus. The approach distinguishes between different technology-harm relations: relations with technology that are harmful by virtue of what they contribute to bringing about. In this article, I focus on categorizing generative harm relations: relations with technology that are harmful by virtue of what they do to actors. Drawing together insights from zemiology, moral philosophy, postphenomenology, Stiegler’s technophenomenology, and Latour’s actor-network theory, I distinguish six generative harm relations: ambient harms, alterity harms, exclusion harms, interface harms, harm translation and zemiosis. Distinguishing between these generative harm relations helps us delineate the techno-sociality of a range of social harms, from gun violence and digital coercive control, to forms of oppression, inequality and immiseration (re)produced by algorithms.
Opening forces or failure of commercially available equine headcollars and other safety devices
Authors: Marlin David J , Pickles Kirstie , Ferro de Godoy Roberta , Williams Jane M
Published: August 2021

A recent survey by the authors of the present study indicated that headcollar (halter, USA) related incidents resulting in horse injuries may be common. From the survey, 134 incidents involving horse fractures and 167 fatalities were reported. Headcollar design and materials vary markedly from traditional leather to “safety” headcollars and safety devices. Despite their almost universal use, there has been minimal study as to how these items function or specifications for performance. The aim of the present study was to select a range of commercially available standard headcollars and a number of safety devices, to test the force required to break or release them. Safety devices selected included baler twine, which is widely used by equestrians to attach a horse by a headcollar to a lead rope and in turn to a fixture. This system practice is perceived to increase safety. Devices were subjected to increasing load in the poll to lead-rope attachment axis (i.e. to simulate a horse pulling backward) using a custom-made steel rig incorporating an electric 1000 kg winch. The force was increased incrementally until either the headcollar or device opened or failed. The lowest mean opening force of 357 ± 50 N was for a safety headcollar, which is equivalent to a load of approximately 36 kg. The highest breaking force was 5798 ± 265 N for one of the eight different webbing headcollars tested. Breaking for safety devices ranged from 354 ± 121 N for “fine” baler twine to 1348 ± 307 N for a “heavy duty” baler twine. Variability in opening force was lowest in two of the webbing headcollars (CV < 5%) despite these having very high breaking points (>3500 N). The greatest variability was found for fine baler twine (CV = 34%) and one of the commercial safety devices (CV = 38%). The range of opening forces and variability in opening forces for standard headcollars, safety headcollars and safety devices is a cause for concern and may give horse owners/handlers a false sense of security with regards to safety, and actually predispose horses and handlers to an increased risk of injury.
PLEA
Authors: Stipancic Tomislav , Koren Leon , Korade Dinko , Rosenberg Duska
Published: August 2021

An approach to the design of learning environments where a social robot plays a role of a teacher is discussed in this study. Built-in robot functionalities provide a degree of situational embodiment, self-explainability, and context-driven interaction. The concept of embodiment enables immersion of the teacher into distant 3D environments. In that way the level of mutual understanding between participants is increased compared to a 2D world. Moreover, the tools that accompany the interaction empower augmentation by revealing the additional information present in gestures, facial expressions, or gaze direction. We use three distinct sources fused in a multimodal approach (face emotion recognition, level of loudness, and body movement intensity). The change in one modality can change the overall system reasoning. The teacher can benefit from this information by adapting a presentation style and achieve a better rapport with students. The theoretical basis is provided by studies of human communication in psycholinguistics and social psychology. Usability evaluation is based on the Wizard of Oz approach, allowing a teacher to interact with students through an interface. The conducted experiments show encouraging responses. Future studies will show in what way and to what extent a cognitive robot can be truly effective in technology-enhanced learning.