bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Liuzijue Qigong on respiratory function among patients with Parkinson’s disease:A randomized clinical trial
Authors: YIN Huimei , Cheng Oumei , Zhang Xu , Quan Fengying , Zhang Yujiao , ZUO Hongzhou , Zhou Jianrong
Published: August 2024

Background
Respiratory dysfunction is a common nonmotor symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease that may be easily overlooked. Incorporating respiratory function rehabilitation into routine rehabilitation programs for these patients is important. However, previous studies have focused primarily on professional devices and training processes that require additional professional guidance, making wide implementation challenging.
Methods
In this assessor-masked, randomized clinical trial, eligible participants were randomized into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received Liu Zi Jue Qigong exercise for 12 weeks, while the control group underwent conventional rehabilitation exercises. Primary outcomes included measures of respiratory function, such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP). Secondary outcomes included motor symptoms, quality of life, depression, and anxiety.
Results
The results from a study involving 51 Parkinson's disease patients showed significant improvements in the FVC, FEV1, PEF, and MEP in the experimental group compared to those in the control group after the 12-week intervention. Additionally, there was a noticeable decrease in depression and anxiety scores in the experimental group, with statistically significant reductions compared to those in the control group.
Conclusions
Liuzijue Qigong exercise has the potential to enhance respiratory function and mental health in patients with Parkinson's disease in the early and middle stages. These findings could serve as a valuable reference for implementing home-based rehabilitation techniques for individuals with Parkinson's disease.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200056762(Registration Date: February 15, 2022).
Structural Basis for the Activation of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs) by Endogenous Ligands
Authors: McGrath Aaron , Lyu Zongyang , Lyu Xiaoxuan , Xia Guliang , Carney Daniel , Alves Vinicius , Falk Matthew , Arora Nidhi , Zou Hua , Kang Yanyong
Published: August 2024

The proteinase-activated receptor (PAR) subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) include four members, PAR1-PAR4, that play critical roles in hemostasis, thrombosis, embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer progression. The PARs share a unique activation mechanism driven by proteinase cleavage at a specific site within the extracellular amino-terminus, exposing a ‘tethered ligand’ that self-activates the receptor. Subsequent activation allows PAR family members to initiate complex intracellular signaling networks via traditional G protein-mediated pathways and beta-arrestin signaling and, in this way, the PARs link extracellular protease signaling molecules to cellular functions. Despite a primary reliance on biochemical studies for understanding tethered ligand recognition, direct structural visualization of these ligand-receptor complexes has been elusive. Here, we present structural snapshots of activated PAR1 and PAR2 bound to their endogenous tethered ligands, revealing, for the first time, shallow and constricted orthosteric binding pockets and highlighting critical residues involved in ligand recognition and receptor activation. Surprisingly, comparisons with antagonist-bound structures show minimal conformational changes in the TM6 helix, a typical signature of GPCR activation, with large movements of TM7 observed upon activation. These insights lead to the identification of a common mechanism for PAR1 and PAR2 activation and provide a structural template for designing novel antagonists targeting the orthosteric binding site, potentially opening new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
The localization of septo-cutaneous perforators of free fibular flaps determines the postoperative accuracy of maxillofacial reconstructions and should therefore be included in virtual surgical planning procedures
Authors: Khajehalichalehshtari Manuel , Khromov Tatjana , Panahi Babak , Schminke Boris , Schliephake Henning , Brockmeyer Phillipp
Published: August 2024

Purpose
To investigate whether deviations in the localization of the main septo-cutaneous perforator (SCP) in maxillofacial reconstruction with free fibula flaps (FFF) lead to inaccuracies in the reconstruction result with respect to virtual surgical planning (VSP) procedures.
Methods
The consecutive VSP planning data of a total of 24 patients who either underwent resection of a bone-destructive malignancy or underwent maxillofacial reconstruction with FFF due to another osteodestructive lesion were retrospectively analyzed together with the postoperative computed tomography (CT) control data set and the preoperative computed tomographic angiograms (CTA). The deviations of the VSP from the actual position of the main SCP were quantified morphometrically to evaluate the impact on the reconstruction accuracy.
Results
Significant differences in bone segment surfaces (p = 0.0006) and bone segment volumes (p = 0.0001) were observed between VSP and postoperative reconstruction results. A significant positive linear relationship was found between the distance of the SCP from the inferior margin of the lateral malleolus (p = 0.0362, R2 = 0.1844) and the deviation of the SCP from the center of the VSP (p = 0.0016, R2 = 0.3700), with increasing root mean square (RMS) values indicating a less accurate reconstruction result. The multimodal regression model showed that the deviation of the SCP from the center of the VSP significantly affected the accuracy of the reconstruction result (p = 0.005).
Conclusions
The data provide evidence that the integration of the main SCP into the VSP procedures improves the predictability and accuracy of postoperative reconstruction outcomes.
Experimental investigation of pulp high vacuum dewatering by suction boxes
Authors: Mafela Mahlohonono , Louw Tobias , Görgens Johann , Saunders Garreth , de Gois Michael Garces , Kotze Johannes P , Westhuizen Wian Van der , Tyhoda Luvuyo
Published: August 2024

The reduction of energy consumption by industrial processes has become imperative due to rising energy costs and efforts toward decarbonisation. The continuous manufacturing of paper is energy intensive due in part to the water removal process required to convert pulp slurries to valuable paper products. This necessitates the development of energy conservation techniques, while simultaneously ensuring the quality of the product. A pilot-scale test unit was developed to quantify the effects of dwell time, vacuum pressure, and refining energy on the achievable pulp mass concentration or dryness level of three pulp types utilised in paper machines. Pulp dry matter was investigated as a means of gauging vacuum consumption and hence energy utilisation in paper machines, which could potentially reduce utility consumption of the overall drying process. A novel approach to simulate the pulsating high vacuum zone in the forming section of a paper machine was implemented, allowing the development of statistical correlations to explore vacuum dewatering conditions that may lead to energy efficiency. Bleached hardwood, mechanical/groundwood and recycled pulp were characterised to determine the effects of refining energy on fibre morphology and their drainage behaviour in pulp slurries. A dryness level of 21.8% at -55 kPa gauge was achieved for bleached hardwood, whereas lower values of 19.8% and 18.3% were observed for recycled and mechanical pulps, respectively. This behaviour was attributed to the differences in drainability and morphology of the pulps due to their respective unique properties, further exaggerated by refining.
Evaluation of Anti-Toxoplasma activity of Basil (Ocimum basilicum) in Experimentally Infected Diabetic or Hypertensive Mice
Authors: Ali Mona Ibrahim , Ismail Mousa Abdel Gawad Mousa , Zalat Rabab Sayed , Ghieth Marwa Ahmed , Gawad Samah Sayed Abdel , Ahmed Marwa Mohamed , Farouk Raghda Ramadan , Mousa Amr M. A. , Wahab Wegdan Mohamed Abd El
Published: August 2024

Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The probable correlation between toxoplasmosis and chronic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension is up challenging and still understood. Several treatments for toxoplasmosis are used but it is poorly tolerated. Herbal plant extracts are widely introduced as a possible source of treatment for several diseases. The present study aimed to assess the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of basil on toxoplasmosis in diabetic and hypertensive mice compared to spiramycin. A total number of 77 mice were divided into control, and basil treated group and the effectiveness of the drugs was measured in both hypertensive and diabetic mice. Parasitological assessment showed that all treated groups showed a statistically significant reduction in the median tissue cysts count compared to infected control groups. Combined (basil and spiramycin) showed the highest reduction rates of T. gondii cysts count in both hypertensive and diabetic groups. Histopathological assessment demonstrated moderate to marked improvement of brain, spleen and kidney inflammation in all treated groups especially the combined treated groups. In conclusion, basil showed promising an antiparasitic effect on toxoplasmosis in hypertensive and diabetic mice. More research are needed, however, to precisely investigate basil's prophylactic and therapeutic effects on chronic toxoplasmosis in both in vitro and in vivo models.
Revealing Public Knowledge on Threatened Species of Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak for Conservation
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamad Syahrul Nizam , Johari Shazali , Hassan Suziana
Published: August 2024

Species knowledge is fundamental to understanding the relationships between species and the environment, supporting the sustainability of natural resources. In this case study, lack of knowledge and ignorance of the species’ current status could instigate the extinction of certain species in Gunung Mulu National Park (GMNP), which possibly led to UNESCO status withdrawal. Both the local population and visitors are the closest stakeholders in the conservation efforts of GMNP. However, it still limited information on to what extent they know about the biodiversity and conservation value of major species in GMNP according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Therefore, this study examined their knowledge of the concepts of biodiversity and the status of threatened species in GMNP. A questionnaire was distributed to the local community (n = 99) and visitors (n = 87) through face-to-face and online surveys, respectively. They were asked about basic knowledge of biodiversity and the native species identification based on conservation priorities through a given guided picture. Based on thematic analysis, most respondents (43.5%) could only interpret biodiversity terms and relate them to genes and species. Yet their understanding of the biodiversity concept and its degradation impacts is high. The findings also presented that those who are retired, have lower income, and have fewer dependents tend to have a lower level of species literacy. Therefore, the empirical study provides insights into developing a biodiversity conservation framework for GMNP, emphasising species literacy among the public to promote holistic park management.
The Efficacy of Patellar Denervation on Prognosis and Kneeling Capacity after Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sun Ying-Jin , Liu Ning , Huang Long , Chen Xiang-Yang , Zhao Shuai , Feng Shuo
Published: August 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of patellar denervation (PD) on pain, function and ability to kneel after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).
Methods
Patients with medial knee osteoarthritis who underwent UKA were prospectively selected. Patients were divided into PD and non-PD groups based on whether patellar denervation was performed. Clinical assessment was performed using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score, Kujiala score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and forgotten joint score (FJS-12), as well as postoperative complications were recorded. The patients' postoperative self-perception and actual ability to perform different kneeling positions were assessed in the two groups.
Results
UKA patients treated with PD achieved better Kujiala scores and FJS-12 scores, reduced anterior knee pain and improved kneeling ability postoperatively, validating the effectiveness of PD in UKA. Perception and actual performance of kneeling remained mismatched in PD patients, but performance during different kneeling activities was generally better than in non-PD patients.
Conclusion
Patellar denervation can safely and effectively improve patellofemoral joint function, pain and kneeling ability in the early postoperative period after UKA.
Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR1900025669
Effect of Cr content on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of weld metal in weathering steel of high-speed train bogie
Authors: Wang Gaojian , Deng Dean , Kang Dandan , Ye Yanhong
Published: August 2024

The effects of Cr content on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of two weld metals containing Ti or Mo in the Ni-Cu alloy system for high-speed train bogies were studied. The results show that: In the weld containing Ti, Cr increases the acicular ferrite by about 15%, decreases the GF and FS, and slightly increases the M-A constituents. the effect of Cr on toughness is not obvious. In the weld containing Mo, Cr almost did not change the acicular ferrite content, resulted in a decrease in GF and an increase in FS, and a substantial increase in M-A constituents in the as-welded zone (0.4–2.5%). Cr reduces weld toughness due to increase the proportion and size of M-A constituents and coarsen inclusions, the impact energy at -40℃ and − 60℃ decreases by 44J and 16J respectively. For the corrosion resistance, the initial corrosion rate of Mo-containing welds is reduced by addition of Cr, mainly due to the formation of MnS on the inclusions, which absorbs Cr, is suppressed, MnS is easily dissolved. While in Ti-containing weld this effect is weakened. In addition, Cr densifies the inner and outer rust layers and then reduces the corrosion rate of weld rust layers.
Insensible Water Loss in Extremely Preterm Infants nursed in Incubators with 70% and 90% Relative Humidity.
Authors: dereddy Narendra , Ruth Deborah , Zhu Jianbin , Pepe Julie , Oh William
Published: August 2024

Objective: To determine the insensible water losses (IWL) in preterm infants nursed in incubators with 70% or 90% relative humidity (RH).
Study design: This was a single center retrospective study of extremely preterm infants between 23- and 28-weeks gestational ages nursed in 70% and 90% RH. IWL was calculated using a formula that utilized infants’ fluid intake, urine output and body weight changes. IWL between the two groups were compared using independent t-test. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the effects of humidity on IWL after adjusting for confounding variables.
Results: IWL was higher in infants nursed in 70% RH when compared with those nursed in 90% RH (47.7 ±30.3 vs. 28.8 ±39.6, p=002). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that RH has an independent effect on the insensible water loss.
Conclusion: Extremely preterm infants nursed in incubator with 70% RH have higher IWL than infants nursed in 90% RH.
The Changing Trend of Academic Influence of Science and Technology Journals Indexed by EI in Domestic "Double First Class" Universities and Strategies for Improving Key Indicators
Authors: Wang Yuenan , Zhai Tong , Gong Yan , Jiang Tianxiao , Han Xuedan
Published: August 2024

Explore the changing trends and key indicators of 25 scientific and technological journals, namely University Journals, included in EI for 20 "Double First Class" universities in China from 2014 to 2023. Based on the research of Scopus database literature and visual analysis using VOSviewer software, this study analyzes key indicators and research hotspots such as the total publication volume, annual average publication volume, average citation frequency, publication trend, CiteScore, SNIP, SJR, and keywords of journals included in EI in China's "Double First Class" universities. It qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrates the development trend of academic influence of domestic "Double First Class" university journals, explores the shortcomings of journals, and proposes corresponding development strategies. The academic quality of 25 journals from 20 universities included in EI varies significantly, but each has its own advantages and characteristics. However, the overall influence and competitiveness are not optimistic. In the context of the "Double First Class" construction, each university journal should rely on the advantages of its affiliated university, clarify its own positioning and advantages, retain high-quality articles from its affiliated university, and attach importance to high-quality articles from other universities related to key disciplines of its affiliated university. It should also strengthen scientific research cooperation with international institutions and universities to improve the academic level and international influence of the journal's papers.
Anti-biofilm peptides can rescue fluconazole and amphotericin B efficacies against Candida albicans
Authors: Kissmann Ann-Kathrin , Mildenberger Vanessa , Krämer Markus , Alpízar-Pedraza Daniel , Martell-Huguet Ernesto M. , Perez-Erviti Julio A. , Cetinkaya Ahmet , Pietrasik Joanna , Otero-Gonzalez Anselmo J. , Firacative Carolina , Rodríguez Armando , Ständker Ludger , Weil Tanja , Stenger Steffen , Rosenau Frank
Published: August 2024

Candida albicans infections are a global health thread and challenge healthcare environments due to acquired resistances against prominent antifungals like amphotericin B and fluconazole, which additionally have severe adverse effects. The peptide Pom-1 originally isolated from the freshwater mollusk Pomacea poeyana, and its derivatives Pom-1A-F have proven their potential against biofilms of clinical C. albicans isolates and were suspected to act without candidolytic pore-formation. Here, Pom-1 and its derivatives were shown to act as neutralizing antimicrobial peptides (nAMPs) inhibiting cell-cell interactions and hence biofilm formation. Combining Pom-1 nAMPs with fluconazole and amphotericin B restored their efficacy against resistant C. albicansisolates. Addition of Pom-1 nAMPs allowed to reduce required concentrations to 10 – 50% below their described effective therapeutic doses. This opens doors not only to mitigate adverse effects of fluconazole and amphotericin B therapies, but also towards novel combination therapies against C. albicans as a severe re-emerging pathogen.
Cocrystal screening of benznidazole based on electronic transition, molecular reactivity, hydrogen bonding, and stability
Authors: Paneru Tirth , Chaudhary Manoj , Tandon Poonam , Joshi Bhawani
Published: August 2024

A computational evaluation for the cocrystal screening of benznidazole (BZN) API through hydrogen bonding with four coformers (maleic acid, malonic acid, oxalic acid, and salicylic acid) containing carboxylic groups has been done using density functional theory. The nitrogen of the imidazole in benznidazole and the carboxylic group in the coformer form a hetero-synthon, forming a strong hydrogen bond between the molecules. The strength of hydrogen bonding O-H…N in all mentioned cocrystals was evaluated using QTAIM analysis, and the pairing energy of interaction is measured by determining donor and acceptor parameters for hydrogen bonds from maxima and minima on the MEP surface. When compared to BZN-malonic acid, BZN-oxalic acid, and BZN-salicylic acid cocrystals, the interaction energy for the BZN-maleic acid cocrystal for O-H...N bonding was found to be higher and it forms a strong interaction. The RDG plot and natural bond orbital analyses were also used to confirm the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of the OH group with the nitrogen of the imidazole ring of benznidazole in the cocrystal. The strength of hydrogen bond O-H…N was found to be more beneficial as compared to C-H...O interaction which was verified from ESP analysis. Based on frontier molecular orbital theory, it was found that the reactivity of BZN-salicylic acid cocrystal is more and is polarizable as compared to BZN-maleic acid, BZN-malonic acid, and BZN-oxalic acid cocrystals. Using the TD-DFT/6-311++G(d,p) method, the UV-Vis absorption spectrum was analyzed in the solvent water to determine the influence of solvent in cocrystals with a polarizable continuum model. Cocrystals of benznidazole were found to have better physicochemical characteristics than API benznidazole.
Enhanced hydrothermal stability and propylene selectivity by e-beam irradiation-induced hierarchical HZSM-5 additives
Authors: Vo Phuong N.X. , Ngo Phuong T. , Tran Tri V. , Luong Thuy N. , Le-Phuc Nguyen , Cao Chung V.
Published: August 2024

In this work, hierarchical H-ZSM-5 catalysts (Si/Al molar ratio = 20, 30) with different levels of mesoporosity and acid strength were prepared via e-beam irradiation post-synthesis treatment and tested as propylene-increasing FCC additives. It was found that higher specific surface areas and highly accessible porous systems were obtained among the irradiated samples. Combination of 27Al, 1H MAS NMR and NH3-TPD methods showed that upon irradiation, part of framework tetrahedral Al atoms was removed as non-framework Al in flexible coordination with the Si-OH groups (either framework or non-framework defects), manipulating the acidic strength and the stability against hydrothermal dealumination. The enhanced selectivity and stability towards propylene production over the irradiated H-ZSM-5 samples were attributed to an integration of the reserved population of medium acid sites into the highly accessible hierarchical network.
EditABLE: A Simple Web Application for Designing Genome Editing Experiments
Authors: Maxim Demetrios S. , Wu David Wei , Johnson Najani Shanee , Charu Vivek , Carter Jennefer N. , Anand Shuchi , Church George M. , Bhalla Vivek
Published: August 2024

CRISPR–Cas genome editing is transformative; however, there is no simple tool available for determining the optimal genome editing technology to create specific mutations for experimentation or to correct mutations as a curative therapy for specific diseases. We developed editABLE, an online resource (editable-app.stanford.edu) to provide computationally validated CRISPR editors and guide RNAs based on user provided sequence data. We demonstrate the utility of editABLE by applying it to one of the most common monogenic disorders, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), identifying specific editing tools across the landscape of ADPKD mutations.
The effect of CuCl 2 nanoparticles on the electrical properties of NiO/MnO 2 -based solid-state electrochemical capacitors
Authors: AlAnazi Maha , Ghrib Taher , Ercan Filiz , AlKhuwaitem Salma , Al-Saleem Samar , Massoudi Imen , Demirci Tuna , Younas Muhammad , Ercan Ismail
Published: August 2024

Electrochemical capacitor with a solid electrolyte composed of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with different concentrations of Copper Chloride (CuCl2) salt, p-type Nickel Oxide (NiO), and n-type Manganese Oxide (MnO2) electrodes prepared as staked thin films deposited on an ITO glass, synthesized by electrodeposition and spin coating techniques. A variety of techniques have been used to characterize the obtained films. The structural properties and surface morphology studied through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show a high degree of crystallinity within the electrolyte. FTIR spectra analysis confirms the complex formation of CuCl2-doped PVA. Electrochemical Impendence Spectroscopy (EIS) shows that the addition of CuCl2 enhances the specific capacitance of the electrochemical capacitor with high retention and stability during the repeated process of charge and discharge. Meanwhile, Hall effect measurements and EIS reveal a reverse effect after adding 10, 15, and 20 wt.% CuCl2 to the PVA. Results indicate that the electrolytes possess higher concentrations, higher charge carrier densities, and higher mobility, but lower specific capacitances. The highest specific capacitance obtained is 1.220 F.g-1 for the sample of 10 wt.% CuCl2 with 87.8% capacity retention after performing 350 cycles of charge and discharge. The GCD curves reveal a presence of internal resistance and a combination of capacitor and battery-like behavior.
Distribution of Pathogenicity Islands among Escherichia coli Strains from Mansoura Universty Hospitals
Authors: Mowafy Engy Mahmoud , Degla Heba Elsayed El , Edrees Gamal Mohammed F.
Published: August 2024

This study was carried out to illustrate the pathogenic E. coli, that had pathogenicity islands (PAIs) containing genes with many virulence factors (VFs). Thirty (2.9%) E. coli strains were isolated from adults (18 female and 12 male) from 1020 positive cultures of all pathogens isolated from Mansoura University Hospitals through one year from January 2022 to January 2023. The age of patients ranged from 20–50 in 56.6% and above 50 years old in 43.3%. E. coli were isolated from urine 18 (60%), stool 6 (20%) and Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 6 (20%). Among 30 E. coli isolates 25 were positive PAIs examined using PCR, 11 (36.6%) had PAI ˂ 4, 14 (46.6%) had PAI ≥ 4 and no PAIs were detected in 5 isolates. Among E. coli isolates, PAI IJ96 had the highest prevalence were found in 15 E. coli strains (60%), the second was PAI III536 found in 14 (56%), PAI IICF073 13 (52%), PAI II536 2 (8%) both PAI I536 and PAI ICFT073 were 4 (16%), while the lowest prevalence was PAI IV536 1 (4%) and PAI II J96 (0%) was not detected in this study. In conclusion, PAI IJ96 and PAI III536 were the most frequent pathogenicity islands in this study and E.coli became more virulent and dangerous in the human health, especially infected with E. coli strains contains PAI IJ96.
Conservative management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kumar Rajanikant , Epia Efeoghene Praise , Abdelnour Mark W , Kim Joo Young Belen Kim , Anokye-Kumatia Anne Boakyewaa , Lego Rimmo Loyi , Kulkarni Vrunda , Rizvi Syed Ali Farhan Abbas , Asif Maryam , Cheema Huzaifa Ahmad , Ahmad Adeel , Rehman Wajeeh Ur , Ahmed Raheel , Dani Sourbha S.
Published: August 2024

Background: In recent years, there has been a rise in the adoption of conservative approaches to managing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Systematic appraisal of the clinical evidence supporting this approach is essential for guiding recommendations in clinical guidelines.
Methods: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov, spanning from inception to April 2024, was conducted to identify all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated conservative management versus active treatment of PDA in preterm infants. We used RevMan 5.4 to pool risk ratios (RRs) under a random-effects model.
Results: Our review included 6 RCTs. There was no difference in the risk of mortality (RR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64-1.08, I2 = 0%) and BPD (RR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.76-1.03, I2 = 22%) between the conservative management and active treatment groups. The rates of necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity, sepsis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and the need for surgical ligation or transcatheter occlusion were similar between the two groups.
Conclusions: The meta-analysis showed no difference in the risk of all-cause mortality, BPD, or other clinical outcomes between a strategy of conservative management compared to active treatment. Future large-scale RCTs focusing on targeted therapy for infants at the highest risk of complications from PDA are required to improve the management of preterm infants further.
Deciphering the Vibrational Features of Hydrated Proton in Water
Authors: Liu Chungen , Yang Xuanye , Wu Yu , Deng Siyu , Liu Ling , Zhao Hongwei , Gao Yi
Published: August 2024

Hydration of proton is the key to understand the acid-base chemistry and biochemical processes, for which the Zundel and Eigen cations have been recognized as the foundation. However, their dominance remains contentious due to the challenge of attributing the infrared signature at ${\sim}1750\ \mathrm{cm^{-1}}$, stemming from the theoretical dilemma of balancing structural diversity and solvent fluctuations. Herein, we circumvented this obstacle by devising an integrated approach for computing frequency-specific vibrational vectors via inverse Fourier transform of the vibrational density of states. When applied to aqueous acid, it unveiled an additional ``Intermediate'' configuration, linked to the aforementioned spectral signature, which exhibit a higher population (44\%) and longer lifetime (51 fs), compared to Zundel-like (28\%, 25 fs) and Eigen-like (28\%, 36 fs), benefitting from the local electric field induced by surrounding solvent molecules. This work reshapes the basic understanding of aqueous proton, and offers a universal solution for characterizing transient species in liquids.
Development of a digital transformation strategy at an industrial enterprise based on the implementation of a roadmap
Authors: Tashkinov Alexey
Published: August 2024

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the digital transformation of the enterprise becomes the cornerstone of the organization's success: enterprises use digital technologies to optimize production processes, and logistics operations; improve product quality, and customer service; and develop digital innovation. Flexible methodologies have become widespread as organizations seek to respond quickly to market demands, adapt to changing demands, and deliver high-quality products and services efficiently. By driving collaboration, iterative development, and customer focus, flexible practices enable organizations to accelerate market entry and achieve greater flexibility in their operations. Active, lean, digital manufacturing practices extend beyond industry, enabling organizations to optimize resources, minimize inefficiency, and develop a digital culture of continuous improvement. At its core, digital transformation involves the use of digital technologies to fundamentally change the business processes of the enterprise and ensure its value to customers. This includes a wide range of digital initiatives, and digital transformation projects from digitizing existing processes and systems to introducing new technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing and the industrial Internet of Things.
Orthopedic Involvement in Viper Bitte in Children in Greece. A Single Center Experience
Authors: Chatziravdeli Vasiliki , Arapoglou Dimitrios , Gkekas Christos , Kalaitzis Vasileios , Bourtzinakos Konstantinos , Theocharidis Theodoros , Dionellis Panagiotis
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Venomous snakes species found in `Greece belong to the Viperidae family. Their bitte can cause local and systemic symptoms. Orthopedic involvement is important in prompt recognition and treatment of compartment syndrome. We present four pediatric cases of viper envenomation, two of which developed compartment syndrome.
Methods: From 2021- 2024 four pediatric patients were treated in our institution because of viper bitte in the hand. The patient’s age were 10 months, 2, 4 and 11 years. Primary symptoms were local oedema, pain, ecchymosis and drowsiness and they were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit. They all received symptomatic and supportive care and antivenom serum was administered in all patients.
Results: Two of the children developed compartment syndrome and received emergency fasciotomies. The 2-year-old patient received hand fasciotomies. The 11-year-old patient developed hand paresthesia in the distribution of the median nerve and hand, forearm and humerus compartments were released. Skin incisions were sutured after 3 days. There were no complications and normal limb function was preserved. Of the children that did not need fasciotomies, it was notable that the administration of antivenom doses seemed to halt the progression of the oedema of the extremity.
Conclusion: Viper bitte is a rare medical emergency and treatment includes a multidisciplinary approach. Early involvement of orthopedic surgeons is paramount for the preservation of normal limb function and in order to avoid serious systemic complications that may occur from muscle ischemia and necrosis.
Incidence of leukemia in Eritrea: 11-year Laboratory -based retrospective analysis of nationally representative data
Authors: Abraha Daniel Mebrahtu , Ghirmay Efriem , Gebresilassie Eden , Zerat Ghirmay Embaye , Kokob Rahwa , Tesfazghi Asmeret , Negash Solomon , Daniel Tsega , Mohammed Salih , Mengistu Samuel Tekle , Achila Oliver Okotch
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Little or no research has been conducted on the epidemiology of leukemias in Eritrea. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the burden and trends of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and overall leukemia in Eritrea.
Methods: An audit of leukemia cases recorded in laboratory logbooks at the National Health Laboratory (NHL) and Orotta Referral and Teaching Hospital (ORTH) between January 2010 and December 2021 was performed. Aside from leukemia sub-types, additional variables that were retrieved included age, sex, years of incidence, residency. Relevant estimates assessed included crude incidence rates (CIR), age-standardised rates (ASIR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).
Results: In total, 372 confirmed cases of leukemia were recorded between, 2010-2020. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] age, maximum – minimum age, and male/female ratio were as follows: 48 years (24.5 – 60 years), 2 - 91 years, and 210/161 (1.3: 1), respectively. Estimated all-age CIR and ASIR over the study period was 9.22 per 100 000 and 30.1 per 100 000 respectively. Analysis of cumulative (2010 - 2020) CIR per 100 000 (ASIR per 100 000) for ALL, AML, CLL, and CML were as follows: 2.01(3.87); 0.94(2.38); 2.94(15.37) and 3.61(24.03). Additionally, median (IQR) age differed significantly across different subtypes of leukemia – ALL (23.0 years, IQR: 10.0 – 39.0); AML (30 years, IQR: 20 – 56 years), CLL (59.0 years, IQR: 40.75 – 66.75 years), and CML (49 years, IQR: 39.25 – 60 years), p value (Kruskal Wallis), < 0.05). No sex specific differences were observed in median (IQR) for different types of leukemia. Unlike other leukemia sub-types evaluation of EAPC demonstrated that the incidence of leukemia has increased overtime, 21.9 (95 CI: 3.1-44.1), p-value = 0.025.
Conclusions: The burden of leukemia was relatively stable. However, due to underreporting and underdiagnosis, it’s our belief that the true burden of leukemia is likely higher. Further, an upward trend in the burden of ALL was uncovered. Lastly, expansion of diagnostic services to other sub-zones, establishment of a national cancer registry and research remains a priority in Eritrea
The Role of Physicians in Approaching Mental Health Issues in Primary Care
Authors: Santos Rafael de Lima , Amorim Wellington Aparecido Farina de , Santos Juliana Vallim Jorgetto , Jorgetto Giovanna Vallim
Published: August 2024

Objectives: To analyze the importance of the medical perspective on mental health issues in primary care. Methodology: A scoping review was conducted using the Pubmed, Scielo, and Lilacs databases, with a combination of keywords such as "primary health care," "health professionals," "health promotion," and "mental health." Results: Six articles were included in the review, all 100% produced in Brazil. Regarding the methods employed, qualitative research was present in all articles in this study. The majority (33.3%) of articles were published in the year 2015. Concerning the listed categories, pertaining to studies related to the addressed topic, the peculiarities regarding the medical perspective on mental health issues in primary care were analyzed. Conclusion: The medical perspective on mental health issues in primary care plays a crucial role in improving mental health outcomes for the population. This approach allows for early diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, the promotion of mental health, and appropriate referrals to specialized services.
Anomalies, representations, and self-supervision
Authors: Dillon Barry M. , Favaro Luigi , Feiden Friedrich , Modak Tanmoy , Plehn Tilman
Published: August 2024

We develop a self-supervised method for density-based anomaly detection using contrastive learning, and test it using event-level anomaly data from CMS ADC2021. The AnomalyCLR technique is data-driven and uses augmentations of the background data to mimic non-Standard-Model events in a model-agnostic way. It uses a permutation-invariant Transformer Encoder architecture to map the objects measured in a collider event to the representation space, where the data augmentations define a representation space which is sensitive to potential anomalous features. An AutoEncoder trained on background representations then computes anomaly scores for a variety of signals in the representation space. With AnomalyCLR we find significant improvements on performance metrics for all signals when compared to the raw data baseline.
SÍNTESE SUSTENTÁVEL DO ÁCIDO L-PIROGLUTÂMICO: EXPERIMENTO INTEGRADO DE SÍNTESE ORGÂNICA E ESTEREOQUÍMICA
Authors: Alves Barretto Fernando , Antonelli Leonardo , Cunha Silvio
Published: August 2024

SUSTAINABLE SYNTHESIS OF L-PYROGLUTAMIC ACID: AN INTEGRATED ORGANIC SYNTHESIS AND STEREOCHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT. (S)-Pyroglutamic acid is a heterocyclic amino acid derivative which was easily synthesized in undergraduate laboratory through a solvent-free environmentally friendly method involving controlled heating and agitation. This preparation allowed teaching stereochemistry in undergraduate levels, which entails the synthesis of (S)-pyroglutamic acid and the assessment of its optical purity using the simple and rapid technique of melting point measurement, corroborated by polarimetry. The reasons why the solid-state properties of enantiomeric mixtures can differ from those of enantiopure compounds are also discussed, with optical rotation not being the sole distinguishing property.
WaxAlly: NEW SOFTWARE TO IDENTIFY ACYCLIC LIPIDS FROM GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED TO MASS SPECTROMETRY DATA
Authors: Paradizo Roma Lucas , A. C. Santos Déborah Yara
Published: August 2024

Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been widely used, and along with other methodologies such as derivatization, is a powerful tool to analyze phytocompounds, including cuticular wax components. The loss of structural information upon fragmentation of waxes makes it difficult to interpret and identify the GC-MS mass spectra of these compounds with the traditional methods, as digital libraries. Therefore, as a new complementary alternative to traditional methods of identifying aliphatic acyclic lipids based on mass spectra, we present the new software WaxAlly in this technical note. WaxAlly is a new software created based on simple algorithms, enabling the rapid recognition by the user of eight aliphatic acyclic lipid classes, including alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and TMS derivatives of free fatty acids, primary and secondary alcohols, and their homologues with carbon chains varying between 10 and 100 carbons. Additionally, the WaxAlly software provides a section for data organization, internet comparison to NIST and PubChem databases, and academic information about mass fragmentation of acyclic lipids. The software has proven to be a very useful complementary technique in identifying plant wax lipid homologues, and new fragmentation patterns of lipid classes can be added in the future to improve the program.
The Effect of the Reading Concept Map Reciprocal Teaching (Remap RT) Learning Model on Students' Concept Understanding and Learning Interest in the Nervous System Sub-Material
Authors: Alfian Rizal Nur , Alamsyah Muhammad Radian Nur , Sukmawati Ika
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the reading concept map reciprocal teaching (Remap RT) learning model on students' understanding of concepts and learning interest in the nervous system sub-material. This type of research is quantitative research with a quasi experiment type nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study was all students in class XI MIPA at SMA IT Ihsanul Fikri with the samples used are class XI MIPA 2 as the control class and class XI MIPA 3 as the experimental class. The results of the research show that the hypothesis analysis on the posttest score for students' conceptual understanding has a significance value of 0.002 (Sig.0.05). The experimental class also had a better average score than the control class. Then in the students' learning interest data, it is known that the results of the hypothesis analysis show a significance value of 0.000 (Sig.0.05). The experimental class has a higher average value of interest in learning than the control class. In conclusion that there is an effect of the Remap RT learning model on students' understanding of concepts and learning interest in the nervous system sub-material.
Practicality Test of the HOTS-Oriented Module on Biology Material for the Second Semester of Grade X in Senior High School/Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Arif Armin , Hala Yusminah , Adnan Adnan
Published: August 2024

This study is research and development. This study aims to obtain a practical HOTS-oriented module based on the implementation of the module and the response of teachers and students as practitioners. The research instruments used were module implementation observation sheets, teacher response questionnaires, and student response questionnaires. Practical data collection is carried out by providing implementation observation sheets to observers and response questionnaires are given to teachers and students. The results showed that the implementation of the module had an average score of 4.59 with the category carried out very well, the results of the teacher response questionnaire analysis had an average value of 4.58 with the practical category, and the results of the student response questionnaire analysis had an average value of 4.54 with the practical category. The conclusion of this study is that the HOTS-oriented module on biology material in the even semester of class X high school / MA developed has met the implementation criteria with the category of very well implemented and the response of teachers and students shows that the developed module is practically used in learning.
İnfüze Zeytin Yaprağı Çayının Bazı Fiziksel Özellikleri ve Antioksidan Aktivitesi Üzerine İnfüzyon Sıcaklığı ve Partikül Büyüklüğünün Etkisi
Authors: Şengül Memnune , Aksoy Sefa , Karakütük İsa Arslan
Published: August 2024

Zeytin meyvesi yüzyıllardan beri farklı şekillerde işlenerek gıda olarak tüketilirken; yaprakları da terapötik etkileri nedeniyle kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzde sağlığa yararları açısından pek çok çalışmaya konu olan zeytin yaprağı, en yaygın çay olarak tüketilmektedir. Bu çalışmada partikül büyüklüğü ve farklı infüzyon sıcaklıklarının infüze çayın bazı fiziksel özellikleri, toplam fenolik madde (Folin-Ciocalteu yöntemi) ve flavonoid miktarı, antioksidan kapasitesi (ABTS•+, DPPH, FRAP) ve duyusal özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Partikül büyüklüğü ve infüzyon yöntemleri, analiz edilen tüm özellikler üzerine istatistiksel olarak çok önemli seviyede (p<0.01) etkili olmuştur. Zeytin yapraklarının öğütülmesinin, infüzyonda L* ve b* değerlerini arttırdığı, a* değerini ise azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. İnfüze çayların toplam fenolik madde miktarlarının 128.87 ile 58.04 mg GAE/L arasında değiştiği, toplam flavonoid madde miktarının sıcak infüze çayda en yüksek (491.54 mg QE/L) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğütülmüş yapraklardan infüze edilen çayların bütün halde infüze edilenlere göre daha yüksek antioksidan aktiviteye sahip oldukları saptanmıştır. Duyusal değerlendirmede, bütün halde yapraklardan buzda ve oda sıcaklığında infüze edilen çayların genel kabul edilebilirlik puanlarının en yüksek oldukları belirlenmiştir.
Nesnelerin İnterneti Yardımıyla Akıllı Tarımda Yapay Zekâ Tabanlı Gübre ve Mahsul Tahmini
Authors: Güman Zülküf , Gunay Faruk Baturalp
Published: August 2024

Tarımsal faaliyetlerde düşük maliyetler yüksek verimli hasat almak oldukça önemlidir. Hasattan yüksek verim almak için de tarım arazisine uygun ürün ve gübre seçimi yapmak gerekmektedir. Tarımda düşük maliyetler ile yüksek verim alma da akıllı tarım ile mümkün olabilmektedir. Akıllı tarım ile tarımsal faaliyet aşamaları kontrol edilebildiği gibi; dış etkenlerden gelebilecek olumsuzluklara karşı da önlem alınabilmektedir. Tarım arazilerini uzaktan kontrol edebilmek için; nesnelerin interneti (IoT) tabanlı sensörler, bu sensörlerden veri alıp sunucuya göndermek için donanımsal sistemlere ihtiyaç vardır. Sunucuya gönderilen verilerde yapay zekâ algoritmaları ile değerlendirilip sonuca göre arazinin ihtiyacı belirlenir ve tarım aşamasına uygun gübre ihtiyacı, sulama ihtiyacı vb. ihtiyaçlara göre işlem yapılır. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada tarım arazisinden IoT ile sensör verilerinin alınıp sunucuya göndermek amaçlı arazi ve sunucu modülü olmak üzere donanımsal ürünler yapılmıştır. Yapay zekâ alanlarından biri olan makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri ile modelleri eğitmek için açık erişimli internet sitelerinden alınan veri setleri kullanılmıştır. Araziden alınan veriler oluşturulan makine öğrenmesi modelleri ile değerlendirilip araziye uygun ürün ve gübre seçimi yapılmasına olanak sağlanmaktadır.
Survey of the Layer Behaviour of the Singularly Perturbed Fredholm Integro-Differential Equation
Authors: Durmaz Muhammet Enes
Published: August 2024

The work handles a second order linear singularly perturbed Fredholm integro differential equation. The qualitative analysis of such problems is quite difficult due to the rapid change in behavior of the solution within the boundary layer. In this study, asymptotic estimates for the solution and its first and second derivatives of the Fredholm integro differential equation with a boundary layer have been presented. The obtained estimates have significance in their contribution to the development and evaluation of appropriate approximate methods in mathematical modeling and analysis. Furthermore, the presented example provides support for the validity of the theoretical results and the accuracy of the estimates.
Feedback loop scheme as related to axiomatic approach to Pareto set reduction
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Sachkov Alexander V.
Published: August 2024

A feedback loop scheme is proposed as related to axiomatic approach to Pareto set reduction. Necessary information on axiomatic approach is presented and an example is studied. The feedback loop scheme is explored as related to a problem of potential insurance contract conclusion. Problems arising with such approach are discussed, such as criteria selection, automatic quanta collection based on user behavior data and others. The scheme is then modified and an approximate solution algorithm is presented. Future research directions are outlined.