bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forest Disturbance Detection with Seasonal and Trend Model Components and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Solórzano Jonathan V. , Gao Yan
Published: February 2022

Forest disturbances reduce the extent of natural habitats, biodiversity, and carbon sequestered in forests. With the implementation of the international framework Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+), it is important to improve the accuracy in the estimation of the extent of forest disturbances. Time series analyses, such as Breaks for Additive Season and Trend (BFAST), have been frequently used to map tropical forest disturbances with promising results. Previous studies suggest that in addition to magnitude of change, disturbance accuracy could be enhanced by using other components of BFAST that describe additional aspects of the model, such as its goodness-of-fit, NDVI seasonal variation, temporal trend, historical length of observations and data quality, as well as by using separate thresholds for distinct forest types. The objective of this study is to determine if the BFAST algorithm can benefit from using these model components in a supervised scheme to improve the accuracy to detect forest disturbance. A random forests and support vector machines algorithms were trained and verified using 238 points in three different datasets: all-forest, tropical dry forest, and temperate forest. The results show that the highest accuracy was achieved by the support vector machines algorithm using the all-forest dataset. Although the increase in accuracy of the latter model vs. a magnitude threshold model is small, i.e., 0.14% for sample-based accuracy and 0.71% for area-weighted accuracy, the standard error of the estimated total disturbed forest area was 4352.59 ha smaller, while the annual disturbance rate was also smaller by 1262.2 ha year−1. The implemented approach can be useful to obtain more precise estimates in forest disturbance, as well as its associated carbon emissions.
Real-Time Metasurface Sensor for Monitoring Micropoisons in Aqueous Solutions Based on Gold Nanoparticles and Terahertz Spectroscopy
Authors: Abramovich Amir , Azoulay Yossi , Rotshild David
Published: February 2022

Proof of concept of a new real-time metasurface sensor for micropoison monitoring in aqueous solutions is proposed in this study. The sensor comprises a perfect absorber metasurface and gold nanoparticle layer on the front side of it. Frequency-domain terahertz spectroscopy system was used to measure the resonance frequency shift due to the presence of the micropoison. The perfect absorber metasurface sensor was fabricated using a double-sided FR4 substrate printed board circuit, which is very inexpensive. A significant increase in the metasurface sensor sensitivity was achieved by adding a gold nanoparticle layer to the gap of the double split rectangular resonator on the front side of the metasurface sensor.
Evaluation of Upper Limb Joint Contribution to Racket Head Speed in Elite Tennis Players Using IMU Sensors: Comparison between the Cross-Court and Inside-Out Attacking Forehand Drive
Authors: Pedro Bruno , João Filipa , Lara Jerusa P. R. , Cabral Silvia , Carvalho João , Veloso António P.
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to quantify and compare the upper limb angular kinematics and its contributions to the racket head speed between the cross-court (CC) and inside-out (IO) attacking tennis forehand of elite tennis players in a competitive environment. A new approach was used to study the forehand drive with mini-inertial sensors of motion capture to record the kinematic data. Six strokes in each direction per participant (72 shots in total) were chosen for analysis. Upper limb kinematics were calculated in the Visual 3D platform (Visual 3D Professional V5.01.21, C-motion, Germantown, MD, USA). The method used to calculate the upper limb’s contributions was performed with MATLAB software and used the segment’s (upper arm, forearm and hand) angular velocities and their respective displacement vectors obtained through the inertial sensors. Upper limb kinematics demonstrated a higher shoulder rotation in the IO direction with significant differences at the end of the backswing, which could be a key factor in distinguishing the two directions of the shot. Results also demonstrated that the horizontal flexion of the upper arm (around the shoulder joint) was primarily responsible for the racket velocity in the anteroposterior direction (48.1% CC and 45.2% IO), followed by the extension of the forearm (around the elbow joint) (17.3% CC and 20.9% IO) and the internal rotation of the upper arm (around the shoulder joint) (15.6% CC and 14.2% IO). No significant differences were shown in the contributions of upper limbs to the racket head velocity between the two directions of the shot. Tennis coaches and players should develop a specific training programme to perform higher angular velocities in these specific joint rotations.
Signal Processing Platform for Long-Range Multi-Spectral Electro-Optical Systems
Authors: Latinović Nikola , Popadić Ilija , Tomić Branko , Simić Aleksandar , Milanović Petar , Nijemčević Srećko , Perić Miroslav , Veinović Mladen
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we present a hardware and software platform for signal processing (SPP) in long-range, multi-spectral, electro-optical systems (MSEOS). Such systems integrate various cameras such as lowlight color, medium or long-wave-infrared thermal and short-wave-infrared cameras together with other sensors such as laser range finders, radars, GPS receivers, etc. on rotational pan-tilt positioner platforms. An SPP is designed with the main goal to control all components of an MSEOS and execute complex signal processing algorithms such as video stabilization, artificial intelligence-based target detection, target tracking, video enhancement, target illumination, multi-sensory image fusion, etc. Such algorithms might be very computationally demanding, so an SPP enables them to run by splitting processing tasks between a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) unit, a multicore microprocessor (MCuP) and a graphic processing unit (GPU). Additionally, multiple SPPs can be linked together via an internal Gbps Ethernet-based network to balance the processing load. A detailed description of the SPP system and experimental results of workloads for typical algorithms on demonstrational MSEOS are given. Finally, we give remarks regarding upgrading SPPs as novel FPGAs, MCuPs and GPUs become available.
LSO-FastSLAM: A New Algorithm to Improve the Accuracy of Localization and Mapping for Rescue Robots
Authors: Zhu Daixian , Ma Yinan , Wang Mingbo , Yang Jing , Yin Yichen , Liu Shulin
Published: February 2022

This paper improves the accuracy of a mine robot’s positioning and mapping for rapid rescue. Specifically, we improved the FastSLAM algorithm inspired by the lion swarm optimization method. Through the division of labor between different individuals in the lion swarm optimization algorithm, the optimized particle set distribution after importance sampling in the FastSLAM algorithm is realized. The particles are distributed in a high likelihood area, thereby solving the problem of particle weight degradation. Meanwhile, the diversity of particles is increased since the foraging methods between individuals in the lion swarm algorithm are different so that improving the accuracy of the robot’s positioning and mapping. The experimental results confirmed the improvement of the algorithm and the accuracy of the robot.
Using a Tip Characterizer to Investigate Microprobe Silicon Tip Geometry Variation in Roughness Measurements
Authors: Xu Min , Zhou Ziqi , Ahbe Thomas , Peiner Erwin , Brand Uwe
Published: February 2022

Given their superior dynamics, microprobes represent promising probe candidates for high-speed roughness measurement applications. Their disadvantage, however, lies in the fact that the volume of the microprobe’s silicon tip decreases dramatically during roughness measurement, and the unstable tip geometry leads to an increase in measurement uncertainty. To investigate the factors that influence tip geometry variation during roughness measurement, a rectangular-shaped tip characterizer was employed to characterize the tip geometry, and a method for reconstructing the tip geometry from the measured profile was introduced. Experiments were conducted to explore the ways in which the tip geometry is influenced by tip wear, probing force, and the relative movement of the tip with respect to the sample. The results indicate that tip fracture and not tip wear is the main reason for tip volume loss, and that the lateral dynamic load on the tip during scanning mode is responsible for more tip fracture than are other factors.
Influence of an External Electric Field and Dissipative Tunneling on Recombination Radiation in Quantum Dots
Authors: Krevchik Vladimir D. , Razumov Aleksei V. , Semenov Mikhail B. , Uvaysov Saygid U. , Kulagin Vladimir P. , Komada Paweł , Smailova Saule , Mussabekova Aisha
Published: February 2022

The effect of an external electric field and dissipative tunneling on the spectral intensity of recombination radiation in a quantum dot with an A+ + e impurity complex (a hole localized on a neutral acceptor interacting with an electron localized in the ground state of the quantum dot) is studied in the zero-radius potential model in the adiabatic approximation. The probability of dissipative tunneling of a hole is calculated in the one-instanton approximation. A high sensitivity of the recombination radiation intensity to the strength of the external electric field and to such parameters of the surrounding matrix (dissipative tunneling parameters) as temperature, the constant of interaction with the contact medium (or the heat-bath), and the frequency of phonon modes, has been revealed. It is shown that an external electric field leads to a shift of the recombination radiation threshold by several tens of meV, and a change in the parameters of dissipative tunneling has a noticeable effect on the spectral intensity of recombination radiation. It is shown that the resonant tunneling effect manifests itself in the form of “dips” in the field dependence of the spectral intensity of recombination radiation, which occur at certain values of the external electric field strength and temperature. This opens up certain prospects for the use of the considered system “quantum dot—impurity complex A+ + e” under conditions of dissipative tunneling for the study and diagnostics of biological objects.
Automated Code Assessment for Education: Review, Classification and Perspectives on Techniques and Tools
Authors: Combéfis Sébastien
Published: February 2022

Automatically assessing code for learning purposes is a challenging goal to achieve. On-site courses and online ones developed for distance learning both require automated ways to grade learners’ programs to be able to scale and manage a large public with a limited teaching staff. This paper reviews recent automated code assessment systems. It proposes a systematic review of the possible analyses they can perform with the associated techniques, the kinds of produced feedback and the ways they are integrated in the learning process. It then discusses the key challenges for the development of new automated code assessment systems and the interaction with human grading. In conclusion, the paper draws several recommendations for new research directions and for possible improvements for automatic code assessment.
Effect of Temperature and Humidity on the Synthesis of Alkali-Activated Binders Based on Bottom Ash from Municipal Waste Incineration
Authors: Tortora Pietro C. D. , Maldonado-Alameda Alex , Mañosa Jofre , Quintero-Payan Alex C. , Leonelli Cristina , Lancellotti Isabella , Chimenos Josep M.
Published: February 2022

Weathered bottom ash (WBA) from municipal solid waste incineration is a calcium aluminosilicate-rich material mainly used in construction and civil engineering as a secondary aggregate. However, its use is also being considered as a precursor in the manufacture of alkali-activated binders (AA-WBA). This preliminary research aimed to deepen understanding of the potential use of WBA (>8 mm fraction) as the sole precursor of alkali-activated binders. To gain better knowledge of this material, the physicochemical, mechanical, and environmental properties of AA-WBA binders were evaluated. In addition, the effect of curing temperature (25 °C, 45 °C, 65 °C, and 85 °C) and humidity conditions (oven and climate chamber) were assessed. The results of this study revealed that temperature and humidity conditions play a fundamental role during the early formation stages of AA-WBA binders. Maximum compactness and compressive strength (29.8 MPa) were obtained in the sample cured at 65 °C in the oven and room humidity. At higher temperatures (85 °C), a substantial decrease in mechanical strength (21.2 MPa) was observed due to a lower cohesion of the binder phases. Curing in the climate chamber led to an increase in humidity, and therefore a decrease in compressive strength. Finally, lower porosity and longer curing time substantially decreased the heavy metals and metalloid leaching concentration of AA-WBA binders.
Driving Factors for R&D Intensity: Evidence from Global and Income-Level Panels
Authors: Tudor Cristiana , Sova Robert
Published: February 2022

Research and development (R&D) has long been recognized as an important component of sustainable development, with a key role in the combatting of climate change. Moreover, R&D activity is increasingly acknowledged as an important contributing factor to global post-pandemic economic recovery. However, little is known about the determinants of R&D intensity (the share of R&D expenditure in GDP) and countries have repeatedly missed their set targets for this indicator. This article tackles this issue for a global panel consisting of 62 countries over the period 2007–2015 by using a dynamic system-generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) panel model to uncover driving factors for R&D intensity. We also perform investigations on two homogenous subpanels constructed based on the income level of sample countries (High-income, and Middle- and Low-income subpanels), which contributes to assuring the robustness of results, along with formal model diagnostics and employment of alternative explanatory variables. We mainly find that the number of researchers is the most important driving factor for R&D intensity. High-technology exports have a statistically significant effect on R&D intensity only in middle and low-income countries. Patents are conducive to R&D intensity only in the high-income panel. Trade-openness is a significant mitigating factor for R&D investments throughout the panels and model specifications. Policy implications of results are also discussed.
Adapting Darnton’s Nine Principles Framework for Behaviour Change: The UK Upcycling Case Study
Authors: Sung Kyungeun , Cooper Tim , Kettley Sarah
Published: February 2022

Design practitioners and academics have increasingly recognised the potential value of design for behaviour change. On the one hand, while existing studies address product or communication design as main interventions, there is a growing interest in design as a useful tool for policy development and service innovation. On the other hand, the interplay between social research, design, and policy development in behaviour intervention is not a new concept or practice, yet studies to suggest and evaluate particular general approaches to policy and design interventions are relatively new and rare. To fill this knowledge gap, this paper adapts Darnton’s Nine Principles framework as one promising generic approach, demonstrates how the adapted framework can be applied to the upcycling case study in the UK and evaluates the usefulness of the adapted framework. The study results show that the adapted framework is useful for exploring behaviour and developing interventions in small-scale, exploratory studies, and that it can be applied to other behaviour domains and contexts. The main contribution of this paper is the demonstration of the potential of Darnton’s original and adapted frameworks as a promising general approach useful for policy and design interventions.
Analyzing the Implementation of Lean Methodologies and Practices in the Portuguese Industry: A Survey
Authors: Pinto Carla M. A. , Mendonça Jorge , Babo Lurdes , Silva Francisco J. G. , Fernandes José L. R.
Published: February 2022

The mass production paradigm on which much of the industry was based has changed. The market is increasingly demanding, requesting diversity and products that are more and more adapted to personal wishes and requirements. This implies producing a greater diversity of products in smaller quantities. Competitiveness is enormous, which forces most companies to be truly effective and efficient, taking care of product quality, delivery time, and final cost. Lean methodologies have been a valuable aid in this field. The diversity of Lean tools has been shown to have answers to the most diverse challenges, and companies are aware of this, increasingly adopting methodologies and processes that aim to progressively reduce waste and adapting their production paradigm to what the market requires. This work intends to provide a vision, as global as possible, of the pathway of Lean implementation in the Portuguese industry. For this purpose, a survey was carried out with a significant sample of Portuguese industrial companies from a wide range of activity sectors. The data collected through the survey were treated statistically, and then a SWOT analysis of the results was performed, which provided a collection of precious information on the evolution of industrial companies in Portugal.
Opportunities, Quality Factors, and Required Changes during the Pandemic Based on Higher Education Leaders’ Perspective
Authors: Dagiene Valentina , Jasute Egle , Navickiene Vida , Butkiene Rita , Gudoniene Daina
Published: February 2022

The pandemic period in education brought many challenges to all organizations. The activities of the higher educational institutions are being affected and the situation can last for a longer time. Under these circumstances, it is important to shift to online learning and improve educational processes through all organizational levels. The organizations had to assure appropriate distance or remote learning process by identifying their opportunities, meeting challenges, and identifying the sustainable quality factors for remote or distance learning. This study aimed to map and test the factors that influence online learning success in the pandemic situation in higher education in one of the European Union countries, Lithuania. Factors analyzed and presented in the paper are the quality of institutions and services, infrastructure and system quality, quality of courses and information, and online learning environment. Data were collected through surveys by distributing questionnaires and interviews. Authors are providing the main criteria for successful education based on administrative positions and design makers of the educational organizations. The article summarizes the interviews of 15 respondents from the three Lithuanian higher education institutions and how their informants met changes, opportunities, and identified quality factors addressed to the successful learning and teaching process during a pandemic period.
Characterization of Mutant Aspergillus niger and the Impact on Certain Plants
Authors: Tawfik Eman , Alqurashi Mohammed , Aloufi Salman , Alyamani Amal , Baz Lina , Fayad Eman
Published: February 2022

Aspergillus niger is a dangerous pathogen for many plants. It is a major cause of the destruction, rotting and decomposition of plant tissues. Toxicity caused by A. niger can be inhibited by mutation decreasing the destructive effect on plants. An 18S rDNA molecular tool was used to identify A. niger strains. Sodium azide (NaN3) is a chemical mutagen that disturbs fungal enzymatic activity and causes microbial production of cellulose-degrading enzymes, decreasing mycotoxin production. Different concentrations of sodium azide were used to treat A. niger (30, 40 and 50 µM). The study was designed on two levels: the first level concerned the mutant A. niger’s mode of action: the higher the mutagen concentration, the lower the growth diameter and spore counts. The mutant A. niger’s total proteins and flavonoids were reduced when compared to control. RAPD-PCR showed genetic variation in the genetic content of mutant fungi compared to control resulting in a polymorphism percentage of 78.56%. The second level included the effect of these mutants on two plants (onion and maize). The greater the increase in mutant concentration, the greater the increase in the plants’ morphological and physiological behavior. In conclusion, mutation reduced fungal activity and strengthened plant resistance.
Creating Shared Value and Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility through Outsourcing within Supply Chain Management
Authors: Taghipour Atour , Khazaei Moein , Azar Adel , Rajabzadeh Ghatari Ali , Hajiaghaei-Keshteli Mostafa , Ramezani Mohammad
Published: February 2022

One way to develop local clusters is to strengthen those clusters by using outsourcing to conduct strategic social responsibility, or in other words, to create shared value, which is a win-win strategy for the buyer, supplier, and society and the best and most viable alternative to traditional corporate social responsibilities. In the leading research, a model for decision-making within the supply chain has been developed for purchasing based on shared value creation, long-term relationship management, and purchasing strategies. The research consists of two strategic mathematical models, using goal programming, and then is solved by a meta-heuristic algorithm. Potential outsourcing companies are assessed and then clustered according to their geographic locations in the decision-making process. One (or several) cluster(s) was selected among clusters based on knowledge and relationship criteria. Besides, in the primary mathematical model, the orders in different periods and the selection of suppliers are determined. In this model, in addition to optimizing the cost, the dispersion of purchases from suppliers is maximized to increase relationships and strengthen all members of the cluster. Maximizing the distribution by converting a secondary objective function to goal-programming variables transforms the multi-objective model into a single-objective model. In addition to economic benefits for buyers and suppliers, this purchasing plan concentrates on strengthening the local industrial cluster, fostering employment and ease of recruitment for human resources, accessing more infrastructures and technical support facilities, developing an education system in the region, and assisting knowledge-based enterprises with development.
Like Father, Like Child? Paternal Age at Birth and Offspring’s Facial Asymmetry and Distinctiveness
Authors: Klimek Magdalena , Marcinkowska Urszula M. , Fedurek Pawel , Kleisner Karel , Danel Dariusz P.
Published: February 2022

Paternal age at birth, a potential proxy of mutation load transmitted to the offspring, has previously been related to the offspring’s health, biological condition and reproductive potential. As higher facial asymmetry and distinctiveness serve as putative markers of the lower genetic quality of an individual, we hypothesize that more advanced paternal age at birth will be related to children’s higher levels of facial asymmetry and distinctiveness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the link between paternal age at birth and facial asymmetry in offspring. Based on archived photographs of 159 children born within 47 Polish families, we have conducted facial geometric morphometric measurements and calculated the levels of facial asymmetry and distinctiveness. The relationship between paternal age at birth and the offspring’s facial features was explored with the use of Bayesian Linear Mixed-effects Models, controlling for sex, age and birth order of the offspring, and maternal age at child’s birth. No associations between paternal age at birth and facial asymmetry or distinctiveness in children were found. The lack of such a relationship might be a result of the potentially insufficient influence of newly accumulated paternal mutations affecting the offspring’s phenotype or higher importance of maternal (prenatal) and postnatal environments in shaping facial features.
Detection of Hepatitis E Virus Infections in Wild Boars in Southwest Germany Using a Stepwise Laboratory Diagnostic Approach
Authors: Polley Birgitta , Contzen Matthias , Wiedmann Sandra , Schneider-Bühl Lisa , Sting Reinhard
Published: February 2022

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the main cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis in humans worldwide. Among HEV, genotypes 3 and 4 are considered zoonotic agents associated with domestic pigs and wild boars, showing an increasing trend in Europe. The aim of this study is to contribute data on the prevalence of HEV in wild boars in Southwest Germany and to present a time and cost-effective two-step laboratory diagnostic approach for serological monitoring of blood samples. This method uses enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), followed by testing for HEV RNA by reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). A total of 2295 blood samples were collected in 234 municipalities in 12 counties in the period from 2016 to 2020. There was an overall seroprevalence of 10.8%, ranging from 3.6% to 17.5% per county and 7.5% to 14% per year. Retesting of these blood samples for HEV RNA revealed 15.7% viremic wild boars originating from 30 municipalities in 11 counties. Viremic wild boars were found in seven regional clusters, including 84% of the animals that tested positive for HEV. Seropositive animals <1 year of age were significantly more likely to be viremic than those >1 year. Further characterization of HEV RNA resulted in the identification of genotype 3. Altogether, serological monitoring of the blood samples, complemented by successive and targeted investigations into the presence of HEV RNA based on blood samples, provide reliable information on the seroprevalence and virus load in wild boars, which proved to be a relevant and persistent sylvatic reservoir for HEV.
Parasitic contamination of environmental objects of the Astrakhan region with helminths and protozoa
Authors:   FBHI Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Astrakhan Region, Shemetova Svetlana Aleksandrovna , Arakelian Rudolf Sergeevich ,   FSBEI HE Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Shendo Gennadiy Leonidovich ,   FBHI Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Astrakhan Region, Maslyaninova Anna Evgenievna ,   FSBEI HE Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kiseleva Aleksandra Alekseevna ,   FSBEI HE Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Arakeliants Olga Artemovna ,   FSBEI HE Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kovalenko \Anna Vladimirovna ,   FSBEI HE Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Utkina Ekaterina Dmitrievna ,   FSBEI HE Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: February 2022

The article studies and analyzes the sanitary and parasitological state of environmental objects in the Astrakhan region (flushes, water, soil) for 2016–2020. The share of samples taken from environmental objects in the structure of sanitary and parasitological studies was 88.6 %. The largest number of samples was for flushes from hard surfaces — 31 740 (82.7 %), of which 1 (0.003 %) sample did not meet the sanitary and parasitologic standards. Teniidoncospheres were found in this sample (a positive finding was noted in 2019). The share of soil samples in the structure of all sanitary and parasitological studies was 4146 (10.8 %), of which 271 (6.5 %) were unsatisfactory. Water was collected from various water bodies: centralized water supply facilities — 600 (23.9 %), surface water bodies — 676 (26.9 %), swimming pools — 955 (38.1 %), waste water — 247 (9.9 %). Also, along with waste water, their sediment was also studied — 29 (1.2 %). As a result of the work done, it was concluded that the parasitic contamination of environmental objects in the Astrakhan region continues to remain tense, as evidenced by the above indicators; the most contaminated object of the environment with parasitic agents is the soil, as evidenced by its contamination, equal to 6.5 % (water-3.6 %, flushes-0.003 %); in most cases, contamination of the soil and water of the Astrakhan region belongs to the eggs of toxocars and larvae of stroniglids, and the presence of pathogens of intestinal parasitosis in the soil and water is a potential threat to public health.
Assessment of the influence of risk factors for the development of urinary tract infections as a form of ISMP on the example of large multidisciplinary hospitals in the Altai Territory
Authors:   ederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Altai State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI VO AGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia), Sursyakova Ksenia Ivanovna , Safyanova Tatiana Viktorovna ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Altai State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI VO AGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia), Dronov Sergey Vadimovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Altai State University», Kozlov Denis Yurievich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Altai State University»
Published: February 2022

Assessment of the influence of risk factors for the development of urinary tract infections as a form of ISMP on the example of large multidisciplinary hospitals in the Altai Territory
Perencanaan Pemeliharaan Mesin Cement Mill Menggunakan Metode Overall Equipment Effectivenessdi Industri Manufaktur Semen
Authors: Hutauruk Steven Aeron Seagal Hutauruk
Published: February 2022

Pada umumnya proses produksi pastilah memerlukan sebuah mesin untuk melaksanakan tiap proses yang diinginkan. Begitu pula dengan perusahaan yang diteliti diPT Semen Padang yang berlokasi Kota Dumai, Riau.Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, perusahaan memiliki permasalahan pada hasil produksi yang tidak maksimal danmengakibatkan tidak tercapainya target produksi. Denganpermasalahan tersebut, penelitianbertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab tidak tercapainya hasil produksi pada mesincement mill.Dalam tujuan tersebut, tentunya ada metode yang digunakandalam mencapainya yaitumetode Overall Equipment Effectiveness(OEE).Hasilyang didapat ialah, nilai rata-rata availability rate tahun 2019 dan 2020 ialah 99,64%dan 99,49%. Performance rate ialah 59,28%dan 28,82%. Quality rateialah 99,99%dan 99,99%. OEE ialah 59,08%dan 28,68%.Kesimpulan yang didapat, produksi tidak mencapai target dikarenakan tidak tercapainya nilai rata-rata performace rate dan OEE yang disebabkan tingginya nilai actual cycle timedan operating timeserta rendahnya nilai ideal cycle timedan actual output.
Extinção
Authors: Arantes Paulo Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Os escritos reunidos em Extinção constituem uma crítica radical, sem subterfúgios e sem concessões, “impiedosa” – como a definiu certa vez o jovem Marx – do mundo da cruel “máquina capitalista de moer”, do estado de sítio permanente. Paulo Arantes se define como frankfurtiano de esquerda, (...) poderíamos também defini-lo como marxista ilegal,  em oposição aos marxistas legais brasileiros, cuja longa marcha pelas instituições culminou na “fusão da intelectualidade tucana com as altas finanças”. Neste livro ele analisa, como ensina Brecht, não o bom antigo, mas as novidades ruins. Entre estas, elementos que de certa forma dão unidade ao processo imperialista atual: o retorno à Acumulação Primitiva, a reconquista colonial do mundo, a realização das formas supostamente arcaicas de exploração e dominação. Diante do “matadouro das limpezas sociais” que encontramos em um país como o Brasil, como organizar a resistência dos oprimidos? Tarefa mais difícil hoje, quando o partido que supostamente os representava conheceu “a pior das capitulações: sem combate e por adesão prévia ao programa do inimigo”. Este livro, tônico e irônico é um salutar antídoto “idiotia triunfante e bem pensante” do novo Febeapá.
(Extraído da orelha de Michel Löwy para a edição da Boitempo)
Palavras-chave: Acumulação primitiva, Anos Lula, Arturo Ui, Brecht, Capitalismo de acesso, Cultura do excesso, Danilo Zolo, David Harvey, Era tucana, Errol Morris, Estado de sítio, Fukuyama, Guerra cosmopolita, Guerra do Iraque, McNamara, O novo imperialismo, PCC, Trabalho da guerra.
Vacuum aspiration in the complex treatment of patients with destructive forms of erysipelas
Authors: Vasylevska L. A.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study. is to give a clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of vacuum therapy in combination with autodermoplasty in the complex treatment of patients with necrotic erysipelas.

Materials and methods of research. 114 case histories of patients who were hospitalized in the center of purulentseptic surgery in the Non profit municipal enterprise «City Hospital № 3» in Zaporizhzhia for the period 2019–2020 were analyzed retrospectively and prospectively.

Results. Patients on admission to the clinic underwent surgical treatment, which consisted in opening a purulent lesion, necrectomy. After installation of the vacuum aspirator the general condition and the general state of health of patients considerably improved, already by the 5th day cleaning of a wound and emergence of granulation had been noted. The use of a vacuum device contributed to the dosed pressing of the skin flap to the wound surface, reliable fixation of the skin flap and to some extent – the improvement of local microcirculation.

Conclusions. The use of vacuum therapy helps to clean the purulent wound, reduces the first phase of the wound process and potentiates the filling of the wound surface with mature granulation tissue. The use of vacuum therapy provides reliable fixation of skin grafts on the wound surface, eliminates the risk of their displacement in the near future after autodermoplasty
Lifestyle modification factors in hypertensive patients: impact on blood pressure variability
Authors: Dotsenko N. Ya. , Boev S. S. , Shekhunova I. A. , Нerasуmenko L. V. , Molodan A. V. , Malinovskaya A. Ya.
Published: February 2022

Current guidelines do not suggest considering blood pressure variability in the management of hypertensive patients. At the same time, a sufficient evidence base has been accumulated on the relationship of blood pressure variability with damage to target organs, the development of stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality, and kidney disease. In general, assessing the effect of blood pressure variability on the course of arterial hypertension, it can be assumed that it is not as significant as the absolute values of blood pressure, but this effect has been proven, regardless of the degree of hypertension. And if a practitioner finds an increased variability in blood pressure in his patient, he should know what recommendations should be given to him.
Not all traditional lifestyle modification factors that are suggested for hypertensive patients affect blood pressure variability in the same way as blood pressure readings. Thus, we were unable to find evidence of the influence of increased consumption of table salt, physical activity, «chronic psychological stress» on the variability of blood pressure in the general population. At the same time, dietary habits, alcohol abuse, smoking status affect the level of blood pressure, blood pressure variability in both healthy individuals and patients with arterial hypertension. The same effect is exerted by the relative intake of minerals with food, toxic agents (lead). If in individuals of the general population an increase in body weight leads to an increase in blood pressure, then in patients with arterial hypertension such an effect is nonlinear, depending on the type of obesity. It should be emphasized once again that the presence of psychoemotional disorders symptoms of anxiety, depression – in patients with arterial hypertension contributes both to an increase in the level of blood pressure, but also to its variability.
Effect of additional strengthening of colonic anastomosis on abdominal contamination severity
Authors: Mylytsia M. M. , Mylytsia К. M. , Steblianko V. V. , Soldusova V. V. , Kazakov V. S.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To investigate the effect of additional strengthening of the colonic anastomosis (CA) using modern adhesive materials on the severity of abdominal contamination in patients with insulin resistance (IR).

Materials and methods. The study involved 80 patients with IR, who underwent surgery with the CA imposition (median age of the patients – 64 (57; 71) years). All patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the method of strengthening the CA suture: 1 group – 40 patients who underwent the application of a onerow continuous suture (OCS) of the CA (median age of patients – 65 (57; 75) years, 2 group – 40 patients to whom OCS CA was applied, and in order to seal and strengthen the anastomosis zone a modern Nbutylcyanoacrylate tissue adhesive was added (median age of patients – 63,5 (58,5; 70,5) years. The spectrum of microbial flora of secretions from drains near the anastomosis was determined.

Results. The additional use of modern Nbutylcyanoacrylate tissue adhesive to strengthen the area of CA with the imposition of a OCS in patients with IR contributes to a reliable reduction of number of patients with associations consisting of two types of microorganisms compared to the patients without additional strengthening (2 (5,0%) versus 9 (22,5%) of patients, respectively) (χ2 = 5,17, df = 1; р < 0,05), the greater number of patients with no growth of microorganisms in crops from the anastomotic zone ((11 (27,5%) of patients versus 3 (7, 5%) of patients, respectively), as well as fewer cases of high degree of anastomosis zone contamination (3,48 times (χ2 = 7,68, df = 1; р < 0,05)), with prevalence of mild contamination (3, 35 times (χ2 = 15,24, df = 1; р < 0,05)).

Conclusion. The additional use of modern Nbutylcyanoacrylate tissue adhesive to strengthen the area of CA with the imposition of a onerow continuous suture in patients with IR contributes to a reliable reduction of contamination of the area around the anastomosis compared to the patients without additional strengthening.
Benign diseases of the breast glands on the background of hyperplastic processes of the endometry (references)
Authors: Shapoval J. S.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To highlight the most substantiated theories that reflect the dependence of benign diseases of the mammary glands in combination with hyperplastic processes of the endometrium. Materials and metods. The sources of literature related to the study of combined benign breast diseases on the background of gynecological pathology and thoroughly reflect the modern views of scientists on this pathology are analyzed. Results. Given the many unexplained patterns of hormonal diseases of the female reproductive system – the search for new options for combining these diseases continues. Conclusion. It is established that in recent years there has been an increase in the number of benign breast diseases in patients with combined gynecological pathology within 60–80%.
Diagnostic capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging in assessing the state of the large and small intestines
Authors: Sementsov O. S. , Ponomarenko V. V.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. Purpose of the work is to show the possibilities of radiation diagnosis of the normal anatomy of the small and large intestine, as well as their pathological changes through the use of MRI (Hydro-MRI).

Materials nad methods. Thirty patients were examined by the method of Hydro-MRI. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging on a device with a magnetic induction of 1,5 T. To carry out Hydro-MRI, we used T2-weighted sequences, such as a one-time fast spin echo signal obtained in several planes, STIR sequences in three mutually perpendicular sequences, so that edema wall edema can be estimated with additional diffusion-weighted images.

Results. Twentypatientswiththemanifestations of Crohn's disease in the form of terminal ileitis, presence of interlope fistulous passages, paraproctitis (fistulous form) were detected. Colon tumors were detected in 8 patients, recurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the small intestine in the anastomosis zone was detected in one patient, and no pathological changes were detected in one patient.

Conclusion. Hydro-MRI allows visualizing the mass of the small, large intestine and determining the degree of invasion of the intestinal wall and surrounding tissues. Enterography using magnetic resonance enterography has become the most effective methods for visualizing the small intestine in patients with Crohn's disease and can visualize inflammation of the intramural or proximal small intestine in about 50% of patients with Crohn's disease who have undergone endoscopically normal studies. Hydro-MRI is indicated for Crohn's disease and for determining the degree of inflammatory activity. Recent evidence suggests that cross-section visualization may be useful in determining response to therapy, assessing bowel healing and monitoring disease progression. Also, according to researchers at the Medical Imaging Center, University College London, the quantitative motility of the small intestine is an objective biomarker of endoscopic and histopathological inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease and is comparable to previously confirmed estimates of MRI activity enhanced by gadolinium. The final ileal mobility indicator showed a good correlation with endoscopic and histopathological activity in Crohn's disease. The study is painless, no radiation load. Hydro-MRI is a method of choice, when it is impossible to conduct an X-ray examination of the intestine, the inability/ uninformativeness of an endoscopic examination of the small, large intestine. Along with video capsular endoscopy, it allows visualization of all departments of the small and large intestine.
Microbiological landscape of pyogenic liver abscesses
Authors: Novak V. V. , Yareshko V. G. , Shapoval S. D.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To study the features of the microbial landscape of AP at different stages of their formation.

Materials and methods. The results of examination and treatment of 80 patients with pyogenic liver abscesses for the period 2019–2020 were analyzed. The average age of patients was 48,4 ± 4,7 years. The duration of the disease at the time of hospitalization averaged 10,2 ± 3,4 days. The condition of all patients was assessed as moderate and severe, hospitalization was carried out on urgent indications. The inclusion criterion was the presence of pyogenic liver abscesses, the exclusion criteria were cholangiogenic and specific abscesses. Microbiological studies of the species composition of pathogens and their sensitivity to antibiotics were performed in all patients during surgery and in the dynamics of the postoperative period.

Results. The microbial landscape of pyogenic abscesses in their different stages of formation differed both in quantitative and qualitative ratio. Seeding of aerobic monoinfection from purulent foci in stage I was predominant (P <0,05) and amounted to 69,4%. In this case, the aerobic gramnegative (gram (-)) flora of the foci of infection prevailed over the gram-positive (gram (+)). In stage III, the number of microbial associations sown from the purulent cell increased from 26,6 to 36,6% (P < 0,05). The increase was due to the sowing of aerobic associations. The main share among gram (-) aerobes was E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the main representative of the mixed aerobic infection was St. auerus (including MRSA strains). In stage IV formation of pyogenic liver abscesses, the number of microbial associations sown from the purulent cell did not differ from the sowing of monoinfection (P > 0,05). There have been cases of seeding of facultative anaerobes of the genus Peptostreptococcacea and facultative anaerobic bacteria of the genus Clostridium.

Conclusion. Carrying out of adequate combined ABT to patients with AP according to the developed algorithms, allowed to reduce terms of recovery of patients: for 3–4 days normalization of body temperature (t = 5,66176; P <0,000001) and a leukocyte formula (t = 8,56860; P < 0,000001) in patients of the main group compared with control patients. In turn, this contributed to a probable reduction in the length of stay of patients in the hospital for 3 days (t = 3,95561; P = 0,000116).
From secretory otitis to retraction cholesteatoma
Authors: Kokorkin D. M. , Skorobogaty V. V. , Gusakova O. O. , Shevlyuk P. P. , Kolyada N. A.
Published: February 2022

Based on the preliminary examination and further treatment of 980 children, the most influential consequences of secretory otitis were identified and the means of their prevention were proposed. Based on the results of long-term observation, conclusions were drawn. Chronic secretory otitis develops in 16% of children with recurrent secretory otitis, in 25% of cases the disease becomes malignant, and in 10% of cases goes into the stage of chronic purulent otitis media. In the treatment of recurrent and complicated chronic secretory otitis, it is advisable to follow the sequence of treatment, because 68% of children show existing or hidden signs of sinusitis, which requires prior surgical treatment. Among the detected forms, polyposis sinusitis with deformation of the nasal septum predominates (88,5%).

The presence of retraction cholesteatoma with a predominant distribution within the tympanic cavity, limited defects of the chain of auditory ossicles and wide possibilities of their replacement, delayed cholesteatoma process with atrophy of matrix structures create conditions for organ-sparing surgery which corresponds to closed tympanoplasty. The morphological and functional effect of such operations can reach 91,5 ± 1,7% of cases in the group of children and adolescents and 88,2 ± 2,1% of observations in the group of adult patients, while the snail reserve decreased by 10,9 ± 3,3 dB in the group of children and 28,4 ± 3,3 dB in the group of adult patients.