bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A INSTITUIÇÃO DO ESTADO CIVIL NA FILOSOFIA POLÍTICA DE BENEDICTUS DE SPINOZA
Authors: Fonteles Samuel Girão , Benevides Gomes Carlos Wagner
Published: February 2025

O filósofo seiscentista holandês Benedictus de Spinoza (1632-1677) pensou o Estado Civil a partir de uma ontologia e uma teoria da imanência cujo cenário prevaleceria mais a passionalidade do que a racionalidade dos homens, como disse o referido pensador, acreditar que todos seguem os ditames da razão seria algo utópico e pouco realista para descrever a natureza humana na sociedade. Este artigo tem como objetivo, sob a leitura e análise das obras políticas spinozanas, a saber, o Tratado Teológico-Político e o Tratado Político, explicitar a fundamentação do Estado Civil. Para tanto, primeiramente, vamos abordar a análise de Spinoza sobre as formas de governo presente no Tratado Político onde é demonstrado que a democracia é a mais indicada e mais natural dentre as três formas de governo apresentadas, pois é nela que o cidadão pode naturalmente desenvolver o seu conatus ou potência. Por fim, mostraremos como Spinoza aborda e trabalha o Estado Civil, partindo da necessidade e construção de seu surgimento segundo sua teoria política.
IMAGINAÇÃO GEOMÉTRICA E A FIGURAÇÃO DO CORPO-MÁQUINA
Authors: Vasconcelos Paulo
Published: February 2025

A imaginação geométrica apresenta-se como recurso à epistemologia cartesiana uma vez que, recorrendo à figuração do corpo-máquina, é possível ampliar a nitidez e distinção do entendimento, permitindo ao homem de ciência uma representação correta do mundo exterior. Ela está no centro da sua ciência, mesmo que submetida ao controle do entendimento. Desse modo, o Tratado do Mundo constitui-se na sua totalidade (aí contido o Tratado do Homem) como a aplicação legítima dessa imaginação, cuja importância metodológica é demonstrada nas Regras.
GUERRA, AGONISMO E EXPANSÃO
Authors: Machado Fernando
Published: February 2025

Nosso objetivo é apresentar alguns parâmetros filosóficos substantivos que balizam a ideia de liberdade no pensamento de Maquiavel. Partimos da seguinte questão: como podemos preservar e garantir a liberdade política conforme o republicanismo maquiaveliano? Nossa hipótese é que existem dois argumentos teóricos cardinais para a designação e caracterização de tal noção: (i) a afirmação de que os conflitos de interesses existentes em uma República são regulados e harmonizados pela manutenção política da liberdade, tanto internamente entre os cidadãos (povo vs elite) por intermédio das leis como externamente, por meio da expansão e dominação militar de outros Estados e (ii) a maneira pela qual as ordini militari operam na República, por meio da guerra, sendo esta vista como um “acessório da política” (BRION, 1983, p. 229). Em nossa conclusão, enfatizamos a indissociabilidade entre estes dois argumentos levantados, que tomamos como complementares. Destaca-se esta unidade normativa e justificadora do conceito de liberdade que, segundo a filosofia de Maquiavel, é alcançada por meio do agonismo político e do expansionismo bélico.
LIBERDADE E RECONHECIMENTO EM HEGEL
Authors: Hillesheim Valerio
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a relação interna entre liberdade e reconhecimento em Hegel. O reconhecimento é a condição para a realização da liberdade. Por outro lado, só há o reconhecimento entre sujeitos livres que reconhecem o outro também como livre, tendo a autoconsciência de que a limitação recíproca das vontades subjetivas e individuais possibilita o reino da liberdade realizada, no direito e na ética. A mediação social das vontades, em instituições, realiza a liberdade objetiva, com o equilíbrio dos direitos e deveres, condição fundamental para realizar a justiça social, em que o indivíduo só tem direitos à medida que tem deveres, e tem deveres à medida que tem direitos. Essa ideia é fundamental e atual para pensarmos na responsabilidade coletiva com as ações humanas e suas consequências. O problema da articulação entre liberdade e reconhecimento implica a autoconsciência da responsabilidade intersubjetiva, o que faz do tema algo de extrema importância e com relevância social hodierna.
O LIBERALISMO EM JOHN MILL E JOHN RAWLS
Authors: Hoffmann Henor
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do presente artigo é comparar as doutrinas liberais de John Mill e John Rawls. O trabalho é divido em três momentos: (i) exposição e análise do ideário liberal milliano; (ii) exposição e análise do ideário liberal rawlsiano e (iii) comparação das concepções de ambos e avaliação de diferenças e das vantagens comparativas entre os autores. Ambos reafirmam o dever do Estado e da sociedade de proteger e assegurar as liberdades individuais básicas. Todavia, eles partilham a visão que o binômio liberdade e igualdade pode ser equacionado, entendendo-se a igualdade por justiça social. Mill e Rawls compreendem que o poder estatal deve garantir condições simétricas de oportunidade para os cidadãos e proteção social aos menos favorecidos. Porém, ao contrário do marxismo, eles não admitem o sacrifício da distribuição igual das liberdades básicas para possíveis ganhos socioeconômicos.
DOSSIÊ HISTÓRIA DA FILOSOFIA MODERNA
Authors: Dos Santos Ramos José Portugal , Gonçalves Ferreira Giorgio , Rusmando Luís Marcelo
Published: February 2025

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LA CAUSA DE LA PROVIDENCIA EN FRAY LUIS DE LEÓN Y SU POSIBLE INFLUENCIA EN LUIS DE MOLINA
Authors: Poncela-Gonzalez Angel
Published: February 2025

El presente estudio se pregunta por el posible ascendente ejercido por el tratado de Sobre la predestinación de fray Luis de León sobre la Concordia del libre arbitrio de Luis de Molina. Se estudia el problema de la predestinación seleccionando la cuestión de su razón o causa. Enmarcado en el contexto de la controversia salmantina de 1582, origen de la extensa controversia de auxiliis, se estudian aquellos episodios que rodearon a la figura del agustino en relación con la causa de la predestinación. Finalmente se advierte una comunidad doctrinal en la selección y uso de la teoría de Enrique de Gante por parte de ambos autores en la cuestión de la razón de la predestinación.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA MEDICINA PARA O ESTUDO DAS PAIXÕES NA DOUTRINA DE DESCARTES
Authors: Da Silveira Pinheiro Juliana
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar que o corpo, tanto quanto a alma, é fundamental para entendermos a psicologia cartesiana e que, neste sentido, devemos nos remeter à medicina, visto que é ela a área de estudo que se ocupa do estudo anatômico do corpo e das suas funções. É nisto que, ao nosso ver, consistirá a especificidade da teoria cartesiana das paixões: fomentar uma psicologia apoiada na fisiologia, sem, no entanto, negar às emoções uma experiência subjetiva. Dessa forma, Descartes contribui para a construção do caminho de uma psicologia não puramente metafísica e tampouco totalmente empírica, mas de uma ciência da alma que se apoia na medicina do corpo.
O PROBLEMA DA UNICIDADE DIVINA NO BREVE TRATADO DE ESPINOSA
Authors: Rusmando Luis Marcelo
Published: February 2025

Este artigo compreende uma análise das razões por meio das quais Espinosa justifica a unicidade divina no Breve tratado, a fim de vislumbrar sob que princípios o filósofo sustenta ter chegado ao estabelecimento da existência de Deus, isto é, de um ser do qual é afirmado tudo, a saber, infinitos atributos, cada um dos quais é infinitamente perfeito em seu gênero. Propomos defender que, em dita obra, ao conceder aos atributos o tratamento explícito de substâncias, o jovem Espinosa se depara com a difícil tarefa de (i) superar a autonomia ontológica dos atributos; (ii) conciliar, num mesmo ser, a multiplicidade substâncial que os atributos compreendem; (iii) demonstrar que tal ser tem existência real, ou, em outras palavras, é portador de um estatuto ontológico próprio. Com base nessa interpretação, propomos evidenciar que Espinosa dispõe o início da Ética, de tal sorte a superar os entraves ontológicos de sua filosofia jovem, definindo atributo como aquilo que constitui a essência da substância, e não como sendo propriamente uma destas, o que lhe permite estabelecer a unicidade divina, não como mera noção segunda de conjunto, mas como conciliação de uma infinita diversidade de gêneros, numa mesma e única substância.
HOW DO MODAFINIL AND GALANTAMINE AFFECT HEART RATE DURING +GZ STRESS
Authors:   Creative Neuroscience Lab – CNS Lab, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Przewodzka Anna , Łaszczyńska Joanna ,   Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Czerwińska Anna ,   Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Kowalczuk Krzysztof ,   Department of Simulator Studies and Aeromedical Training, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Biernacki Marcin ,   Department of Aviation Psychology, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Lewkowicz Rafał ,   Department of Simulator Studies and Aeromedical Training, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Fatigue remains a significant challenge in the field of aviation safety. This is particularly the case in military aviation, where aircrews are expected to perform complex and cognitively demanding tasks, often with unpredictable working hours, insufficient sleep and disrupted circadian rhythms. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a single dose of modafinil on the physiological response (based on heart rate) to variable acceleration up to +3Gz during a limited period of sleep deprivation, compared with that of placebo and a single dose of galantamine.

Methods: To determine the effect of stimulant use, 12 male volunteers with a mean age of 24 ± 2.5 years were tested under three night-time conditions, after an average of 27 hours of sleep deprivation. Participants received placebo, galantamine 10 mg, and modafinil 100 mg, and were tested in a human centrifuge during a daytime control session. Heart rate, blood pressure, core body temperature, and body hydration were measured in participants during the experiment.

Results: As we expected, both galantamine and modafinil counteracted the effects of fatigue on the physiological response to variable acceleration up to +3Gz compared to placebo, with the beneficial effect of galantamine being greater than that of modafinil. A single administration of galantamine (10 mg) to participants after 27 hours of wakefulness resulted in a statistically significant reduction in heart rate relative to both placebo and modafinil.

Conclusions: None of the drugs tested (modafinil or galantamine) at a single dose had a negative effect on the physiological response to variable acceleration reaching +3Gz. Therefore, if there are no contraindications to their use, they may be useful in combating the symptoms of fatigue in flight attendants exposed to overload during prolonged flights.
SELECTED PROBLEMS OF DETERMINING PILOT SURVIVAL TIME IN COLD WATER AFTER THE AIRCRAFT CRASH
Authors:   Armed Forces General Command, Warsaw, Poland, Stężalski Przemysław , Michalak Sławomir ,   Department of Avionics, Air Force Institute of Technology, Warsaw, Poland, Borowski Jerzy ,   Department of Avionics, Air Force Institute of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Survival of a pilot in an emergency catapult situation over bodies of water is an essential element for organizing a rescue operation. Also important is the ability to determine the survivability of a crash survivor in extreme conditions with prolonged immersion in cold water. This time depends on a number of factors, such as time in the water, sea condidions, water temperature, age, gender, fatigue and also biophysical parameters and predispositions of the pilot survivor. At present, the emergency services do not have the ability to determine the survival time of a pilot survivor taking into account a number of the factors mentioned.

This paper presents a mathematical and simulation model of the physical phenomena of heat transfer between a pilot survivor and an extreme water environment. The physical phenomena of heat transfer were described by nonlinear and non-stationary differential equations containing important elements from the point of view of determining the survival time of a pilot survivor. The model shown is a single-segment, multi-layered and flat model of a human body. The model takes into account a number of body layers that will be cooled in the heat transfer process due to the disturbed heat balance that existed before the immersion of a pilot survivor. By assigning input parameters to the model in the form of the pilot's position, body weight, body height, water temperature, protective clothing insulation and others, information can be obtained about the dynamic processes of heat loss and body temperature drop during cooling. An important piece of information obtained from the simulation model is the visualization of the process of hypothermia of the pilot’s body and the attainment of life-threatening states. Parameters obtained from the model include time to unconsciousness and pilot’s survival time. These times can be the basis for the correct organization of rescue operations. The article presents sample plots of the pilot’s body temperature drop for various model input parameters.
The possibilities and pitfalls of adapting the Capability Approach to explore how gender norms are constitutive of parents’ care capabilities
Authors: Matysova Clare
Published: February 2025

Parental leave policies provide possibilities to progress gender justice and more equal sharing of care during a child’s early years. The UK’s Shared Parental Leave (SPL) policy, introduced in 2015, provides such opportunities yet there has been limited uptake. Structural explanations for low uptake include poor wage replacement and restrictive eligibility criteria. However, less is known about how gender norms shape parents’ real opportunities to use SPL.

The Capability Approach (CA) (Sen, 2009a), as employed within social policy scholarship, provides possibilities to evaluate parents’ care capabilities when planning care. There are, however, challenges in identifying what an individual sees as imaginable within a normative context.

Offering theoretical innovation, I combine the CA with a discursive conceptualization of gender to theorize how gender norms are constitutive of parents’ care capabilities. Blurring the distinction between gender norms theorized as a conversion factor, and as constitutive of parents’ capabilities, extends analysis of the UK’s SPL policy as a (normative) means differentially productive of what is imaginable to parents. Employing dialogical narrative analysis enabled examination of how gendered parenting norms shape parents’ decision making.

This article sets out the possibilities and pitfalls of adapting the CA to explore how gender norms are constitutive of parents’ care capabilities and relationalities. I draw on my PhD empirical study to illustrate my conceptual framework and exemplify the interaction between parents’ multiple care capabilities within a couple dyad. I also consider ethical implications of rhetorical work at play through parents’ narratives in which ‘no-one’s meaning is final’ (Frank, 2012: 99).
Impact of increased diagnosis of early HIV infection and immediate antiretroviral treatment initiation on HIV transmission among men who have sex with men in the Netherlands
Authors: Teslya Alexandra , Heijne Janneke Cornelia Maria , van der Loeff Maarten Franciscus Schim , van Sighem Ard , Roberts Jacob Aiden , Dijkstra Maartje , de Bree Godelieve J , Schmidt Axel Jeremias , Jonas Kai J , Kretzschmar Mirjam E , Rozhnova Ganna
Published: February 2025

The number of new HIV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Netherlands has been decreasing, but additional efforts are required to bring it further down. This study aims to assess the impact of increased diagnosis of early HIV infection combined with immediate antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation on reducing HIV transmission among MSM. We developed an agent-based model calibrated to HIV surveillance and sexual behavior data for MSM in the Netherlands in 2017-2022. Starting in 2023, we simulated a 10-year intervention that accelerates HIV diagnosis during the first 3 or 6 months after HIV acquisition across five levels of increased diagnosis rates (2, 4, 8, 16, and 32-fold), followed by immediate ART initiation. The upper limit of the intervention’s impact over 10 years is projected to result in the cumulative 298 (95-th QI: 162–451) HIV infections averted. A 32-fold increase in the diagnosis rate within 3 months after HIV acquisition (corresponding to 100% of all new HIV infections diagnosed within 3 months of acquisition) results in 269 (95-th QI: 147–400) infections averted, approaching closely maximum impact. By extending the scope of the intervention to individuals who acquired HIV infection within the previous 6 months, a smaller 8-fold increase in the diagnosis rate (corresponding to 97% of new HIV infections diagnosed within 6 months of acquisition) approaches closely the maximum impact of the intervention by averting 256 (95-th QI: 122–411) HIV infections. Our sensitivity analyses showed, that in an epidemiological context similar to the modern-day the Netherlands, immediate initiation of ART accompanying accelerated diagnosis of individuals with early HIV infection does not significantly affect HIV transmission dynamics. Accelerating early HIV diagnosis through increased awareness, screening, and testing can further reduce transmission among MSM. Meeting this goal necessitates a stakeholder needs assessment.
A tutorial on the what, why, and how of Bayesian analysis: Estimating mood and anxiety disorder prevalence using a Canadian data linkage study
Authors: Rodrigues Myanca , Edwards Jordan , Rosic Tea , Wang Yanchen , Talukdar Jhalok Ronjan , Chowdhury Saifur R. , Parpia Sameer , Babe Glenda , de Oliveira Claire , Perez Richard , Samaan Zainab , Thabane Lehana
Published: February 2025

Bayesian analyses offer a robust framework for integrating data from multiple sources to better inform population-level estimates of disease prevalence. This methodological approach is particularly suited to instances where data from observational studies is linked to administrative health records, with the capacity to advance our understanding of psychiatric disorders. The objective of our paper was to provide an introductory overview and tutorial on Bayesian analysis for primary observational studies in mental health research. We provided: (i) an overview of Bayesian statistics, (ii) the utility of Bayesian methods for psychiatric epidemiology, (iii) a tutorial example of a Bayesian approach to estimating the prevalence of mood and/or anxiety disorders in observational research, and (iv) suggestions for reporting Bayesian analyses in health research.
Understanding the influence of online misogyny in schools from the perspective of teachers
Authors: Over Harriet , Bunce Carl , Baggaley Jonathan , Zendle David
Published: February 2025

Young people are increasingly exposed to toxic online misogyny through social media. However, to date, it is not clear how exposure to online misogyny might be influencing the behaviour and experiences of adolescents and children. As a first step towards answering this question, we gathered data on how such influences are perceived by surveying 200 teachers, 100 of whom were based in secondary schools (working with children aged 11 and above) and 100 of whom were based in primary schools (working with children aged 4–11). 76% of secondary school teachers and 60% of primary school teachers reported that they were extremely concerned about the influence of online misogyny in their schools. When asked to describe an example of the ways in which online misogyny was influencing the behaviour and experiences of male pupils in their schools, teachers referenced cases in which male pupils praised misogynistic influencers, made misogynistic comments and engaged in discriminatory behaviour towards female peers and staff. When asked to describe an example of the ways in which online misogyny was influencing the behaviour and experiences of female pupils in their schools, teachers referenced cases in which female pupils were the victims of misogynistic behaviour and their well-being was adversely affected. 90% of secondary school teachers and 68% of primary school teachers felt that their school would benefit from dedicated teaching materials to address the impact of online misogynists within their schools. Implications of these data for interventions to combat the rise of online misogyny are discussed.
Citizens’ preference for e-participatory governance
Authors: Oludu Oluwafemi Victor , Kaya Tuğberk , Karagozlu Damla
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the preference, adoption, and utilization of e-government services among the citizens of Nigeria through preferred social media. Adopting a quantitative methodology approach with 1000 samples from various local governments and Statistically Analyzing the data, the research explores the extent to which Nigerian citizens have embraced e-government initiatives through social media and the factors influencing their adoption. Questions focusing on the availability of e-government platforms, social media e-governance, and e-participation level based on trust in government, the most preferred social media for e-participation were considered. Findings reveal varying levels of e-government adoption across different local government authorities, influenced by factors such as infrastructure limitations, institutional capacity, and political will, also a high level of participation through various social media platforms was observed, and the level of correlation between government trust and e-participation using the available platforms was found to be minimal. The paper contributes to the understanding of e-government implementation in the Nigerian context, offering insights into strategies for enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of e-government initiatives at the local government level using social media Platforms.
Aligning cellular and molecular components in age-dependent tertiary lymphoid tissues of kidney and liver
Authors: Toriu Naoya , Sato Yuki , Kamimura Hiroteru , Yoshikawa Takahisa , Tanaka Masaou , Yamamoto Shinya , Fukuma Shingo , Hattori Masakazu , Terai Shuji , Yanagita Motoko
Published: February 2025

Tertiary lymphoid tissues (TLTs) are ectopic lymphoid structures induced by multiple stimuli, including infection and tissue injuries; however, their clinical relevance in disease progression has remained unclear. We demonstrated previously that TLTs develop in mouse and human kidneys with aging and can be a potential marker of kidney injury and prognosis, and therapeutic targets. In addition, we found that two types of unique lymphocytes that emerge with aging, senescence-associated T cells and age-associated B cells, are essential for TLT formation in the kidney. Although TLTs develop with aging in other organs as well, their cellular and molecular components, and clinical significance remain unclear. In the present study, we found that TLTs developed in the liver with aging, and that their cellular and molecular components were similar to those in the kidneys. Notably, senescence-associated T cells and age-associated B cells were also present in hepatic TLTs. Furthermore, analysis of publicly available data on human liver biopsy transcriptomes revealed that the expression of TLT-related genes was elevated in the liver biopsy samples from hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients compared with those without HCV infection and was associated with liver injury and fibrosis. Therefore, we analyzed liver biopsy samples from 47 HCV patients and found that TLTs were present in 87.2% of cases and that the numbers and stages of TLTs were higher in aged patients and cellular and molecular components of TLTs in humans were similar to those in mice. Our findings suggesting that age-dependent TLT formation is a systemic phenomenon across the tissues and aging is also a predisposing factor for TLT formation across organs.
“If everyone comes together, many things can be changed”: A qualitative study on men’s perspectives on menstrual health and equity in the Barcelona area (Spain)
Authors: García-Egea Andrea , Jacques-Aviñó Constanza , Berenguera Anna , Baroja-Benlliure Jordi , Pinzón-Sanabria Diana , Holst Anna Sofie , López-Jiménez Tomàs , Munrós-Feliu Jordina , Vicente-Hernández María Mercedes , Valls-Llobet Carme , Martínez-Bueno Cristina , Medina-Perucha Laura
Published: February 2025

There is a paucity of research exploring how men and individuals who do not menstruate comprehend menstrual health and equity. The objective of this study was to explore the conceptualization and attitudes towards menstruation and the menstrual cycle among men and people who do not menstruate aged between 18 and 55 in the Barcelona area. Furthermore, it examined their involvement in menstrual health and equity initiatives. This qualitative study employed a feminist critical perspective. Seventeen semi-structured photo-elicitation interviews were conducted. It was frequently observed that menstrual education was often inadequate and biomedical in nature. Participants often acquired knowledge about menstruation through interactions with menstruating sex-affective partners. Menstruation was generally perceived negatively, and menstrual taboo and stigma were apparent. Some participants expressed the view that men should raise awareness of a more positive stance on menstruation. The findings of this study highlight the need for structural menstrual policies and community programs where men and people who do not menstruate are involved.
The English Debating Self-Efficacy Scale: Scale development, validation, and psychometric properties
Authors: Liu Fanghua , Yang Yanchao , Wang Feng (Robin) , Li Wangze
Published: February 2025

The importance of English debate in fostering critical thinking and the role of self-efficacy in enhancing confidence and performance in this domain are widely acknowledged. However, a significant gap exists in the literature regarding the measurement of self-efficacy specifically within English debate. This research seeks to fill this gap by developing and validating an English Debate Self-Efficacy Scale (EDSS). Using a sample of 1,259 participants from an independent college in Hebei Province, China, the study divided participants into two groups: 613 for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 646 for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), with convenience sampling as the chosen methodology. EFA revealed three core dimensions of debate-related self-efficacy: Language proficiency (Cronbach’s Alpha = .894), Debating skills (Cronbach’s Alpha = .861), and Team collaboration (Cronbach’s Alpha = .831). Subsequent CFA validation with an independent sample confirmed the scale’s structure, demonstrating strong structural, convergent, and discriminant validity. Additionally, significant correlations between the English Debate Self-Efficacy Scale and the English Proficiency Self-Efficacy Scale supported the scale’s criterion validity. These findings underscore the scale’s potential as a reliable tool for assessing self-efficacy in English debate contexts, offering valuable insights for research, teaching, and training in educational settings. Limitations related to sample representativeness and research design were also discussed, providing a foundation for future studies to expand upon. In conclusion, the English Debate Self-Efficacy Scale (EDSS) is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring self-efficacy in the context of English debate.
The edge orientation entropy of natural scenes is associated with infant visual preferences and adult aesthetic judgements
Authors: McAdams Philip , Svobodova Sara , Newman Taysa-Ja , Terry Kezia , Mather George , Skelton Alice E. , Franklin Anna
Published: February 2025

Statistical regularities of oriented edges in natural scenes, ‘edge co-occurrence statistics’, are associated with adults’ aesthetic responses, with greater preference for some images when the degree of randomness in the orientation of edges (Edge Orientation Entropy, EOE) across an image is relatively high. Here, we investigate whether this spatial image statistic is also associated with infants’ visual preferences. We measure infant looking time for images of building façades previously used to identify the relationship between EOE and adult aesthetic judgements. Twenty-six 4–9-month-old infants and 29 adults looked freely at pairs of the images. Infants and adults both looked longest at images where all edge orientations are about equally likely to occur (high 1st-order EOE), and at images with low correlation of edge orientations across the image (high 2nd-order EOE). Infant looking time and adult pleasantness judgements were also strongly related: infants looked longer at the building façades that adults liked. Our results suggest that even as young as 4-months, infants’ spatial vision is sensitive to edge co-occurrence statistics that are typical of natural scenes and faces, where edges are more evenly distributed across orientations. We discuss the implications for understanding the sensory component of adult aesthetic judgements, as well as the role of natural scene statistics in infant perception.
An effective protocol to isolate and mechanically test silk fibers spun by Osmia lignaria Say (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) fifth instar larvae
Authors: Wasserman Oran , Morley Jackson J. , Williams Mary-Kate F. , Bell Brianne E. , Cox-Foster Diana L. , Jones Justin A.
Published: February 2025

Silk, a remarkable protein-based fiber spun by various arthropod lineages, has been prized for millennia, with the cocoon silk of domesticated silkworms and spiders being the most utilized and extensively studied. There is limited information on how silk can be used to investigate biology, development, and health in other silk-producing species, particularly for solitary bees such as Osmia lignaria Say (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Osmia lignaria, an increasingly managed solitary pollinator, produces silk cocoons during the fifth instar larval stage. We have developed a minimally invasive protocol to isolate and mechanically test O. lignaria silk fibers using a 3-D printed well plate system for rearing and two specific isolation techniques. Our protocol allows for collecting individual fibers directly from silk-spinning larvae between silk initiation and cocoon formation without preventing subsequent cocoon development, enabling silk characterization as part of larger rearing and developmental studies. For this study, isolated fibers were mounted on C-cards, facilitating diameter measurement using a microscope and mechanical testing with an MTS Synergie 100 tensile testing instrument. We successfully isolated and tested the mechanical properties of naturally spun silk from O. lignaria, with 20 fibers isolated and mechanically tested from seven larvae. Further examination of isolated silk can reveal physical, molecular, chemical, and morphological characteristics, advancing our understanding of bee silk properties and their role in bee biology, evolution, and nutritional status. This protocol provides a practical tool for researchers to isolate and study silk from silk-producing bee species.
Public attitudes to potential synthetic cells applications: Pragmatic support and ethical acceptance
Authors: Rook Olga , Zwart Hub , Dogterom Marileen
Published: February 2025

Synthetic cells constructed bottom-up represent a novel direction in Synthetic Biology. It has the potential to deepen the scientific understanding of life and, in the longer run, to open up new pathways for medical and environmental applications. Mapping preliminary public attitudes towards emerging technologies is an important step to further societal discussion and stakeholder participation. We conducted a vignette survey with nationally representative samples from 13 European countries (Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and UK; N =  8,382) to explore public attitudes towards prospective synthetic cell technologies, such as anticancer therapy, CO2 emissions conversion to biofuel, and industrial waste recycling. Using data-driven techniques, we built a decision tree model of the factors affecting participants’ attitudes and summarized the prevalent themes behind one’s motivation. Our findings suggest substantial public support for prospective synthetic cell applications in the societally beneficial fields, most notably in healthcare.
Amoxicillin-induced bacterial gut dysbiosis decreases IL-1β and IL-6 expression but exacerbate lung inflammatory response against Mycobacterium bovis—Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)
Authors: Miyauchi-Tavares Tatimara M. , Silva Evandro Neves , dos Santos Joyce Alves , Sousa Priscila V. , Braga Marcos F. Teodoro , Carminatti Caroline M. , Lanza Victoria B. , Fagundes Bruna C. , Novaes Rômulo Dias , de Almeida Leonardo Augusto , Corsetti Patrícia Paiva
Published: February 2025

Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of global mortality, and the standard, prolonged, and intensive treatment can affect intestinal homeostasis. This study investigated amoxicillin-induced bacterial gut dysbiosis and its impact on the immune response of C57BL/6 mice to pulmonary infection by Mycobacterium bovis—BCG. It was observed that amoxicillin treatment resulted in bacterial gut dysbiosis, characterized by an increase in the phylum Proteobacteria and a reduction in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. This alteration was associated with a decrease in the animals’ body weight and a reduction in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6, suggesting a compromised immune response. Additionally, microstructural analysis revealed significant alterations in the caecum and pulmonary structure of the mice, indicating tissue damage associated with intestinal dysbiosis. The results indicate that amoxicillin-induced bacterial gut dysbiosis may negatively affect pulmonary immunity and exacerbate M. bovis-BCG infection, highlighting the need to consider the impacts of intestinal microbiota on the development and control of tuberculosis. This study contributes to the understanding of the interaction between intestinal microbiota, antibiotic treatment, and immunity in pulmonary infections.
Welket Bungué, a Balanta griot in transit
Authors: Cunha Paulo , Gama Morgana
Published: February 2025

What stories can a body tell? This is one of the questions raised by the artistic career of Portuguese Guinean actor, filmmaker and performer Welket Bungué, which leads to a broader reflection on the body as a narrative and performative expression in a transmedia practice. The purpose of this article is to analyse Bungué’s artistic method, questioning its relationship with the legacy of Balanta culture and African oral traditions and griots, a social function that can serve as a reference for reflecting on how artists from Africa and its diasporas tell their stories in continuity with this legacy.
La danza de los Voladores como frontera decolonial de aesthesis comunitaria
Authors: Figueras Corte José Manuel
Published: February 2025

La danza de los Voladores es una práctica simbólica que teje comunidad entre los pueblos que la producen, realizando intercambios simbólicos en otros planos de conciencia. Son ritos artísticos y estéticos que transmiten conocimientos y hábitos heredados, el resguardo del tiempo ritual con los cuales se genera una ceremonia que manifiesta la cosmovisión y mitología de la comunidad. Un ritual que transmite conocimientos simbólicos para conformar la identidad ancestral entre los pueblos Totonacos. Se indaga acerca del concepto de estética comunitaria que conforma a una comunidad totonaca bajo sus prácticas dancísticas. En tanto, un esfuerzo comunitario de organización, que genera las materialidades necesarias para ejecutar la danza como: el corte, arrastre y “siembra” del palo volador (sakatkiwi)1. Re-significando la danza como la noción de la inmanencia de la comunidad. (Díaz, 2014) La metodología etnográfica visual se apoya en el registro de fotografías y videos que permiten la realización de entrevistas a cámara y posibilita obtener una evidencia visual de las prácticas comunitarias que funcionarán para producir la danza. Además de la tripartida colaboración epistémica entre: los actores de las imágenes, la cámara y el autor.
APPLICATION OF DISPERSED ALUMINOSILICATE WASTE IN PHOSPHATE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Abyzov V.A.
Published: February 2025

The paper presents an aluminophosphate binder based on dispersed waste from fireclay production and orthophosphoric acid. The developed binder helped to obtain an adhesive composition with a shelf life of at least 1 year, as well as heat-resistant cellular concrete with an application temperature of 1500 °C and an average density of 600...800 kg/m3. Heat-resistant phosphate cellular concrete was developed using aluminosilicate waste from fireclay production as an active additive in an amount of 10 % by weight of dry components. The paper demonstrates that the introduction of an additive into cellular concrete increases the strength characteristics while maintaining the average density at the same level in comparison with non-additive cellular concrete.
Application of CFD simulation to predict the fluid dynamics of tube columns with stacked packings for gas-liquid systems
Authors: Murasiewicz Halina , Maćkowiak Jerzy , Maćkowiak Jan , Chromik Reiner , Rakoczy Rafal
Published: February 2025

While Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation has become a valuable tool for optimizing non-active column internals such as gas and liquid distributors, its application to the complex fluid dynamics of active internals like structured packings is still an evolving field, with significant development occurring within the past two decades. This study investigates the application of standard k-ε CFD model (simple approach) to predict the hydraulic behavior of packed tube columns filled with stacked metallic Bialecki and Pall rings (25 mm and 50 mm). Comparisons between simulated and measured dry pressure drop values demonstrated excellent agreement, with deviations below ± 10 %. Beyond the capabilities of the combined CFD-SBD model proposed by Maćkowiak, J. (2022). Rapid method for prediction of random packing performance based on minimized experimental effort. 12th International Conference on Distillation and Absorption, 18–21 September 2022, Toulouse–France), this approach provides a means to generate basic performance data (BPD), including flooding gas velocity, dry and wetted pressure drop, within the column’s operating range. Consequently, the need for extensive experimental investigations can be reduced through simple CFD-based performance prediction.
Integrating integrated pest management and sustainability into a biosecurity framework
Authors: Agunbiade Tolulope A. , Hodges Amanda C. , Quinn Nicole F. , Pinkerton Morgan G. , Whilby Leroy A.
Published: February 2025

As global agricultural systems face increasing challenges from pest pressures and environmental degradation, a paradigm shift towards more sustainable and resilient practices is imperative. The field of biosecurity, encompassing strategic and integrated approaches to managing risks to human, other animal, and plant life, has gained prominence as globalization facilitates the movement and spread of invasive species. This paper presents a comprehensive biosecurity framework that seamlessly integrates integrated pest management (IPM) strategies with sustainability principles to enhance the effectiveness of pest control strategies. By combining proactive and preventive measures, biosecurity practices, and IPM methodologies, we can create a holistic approach to safeguarding ecosystems, agriculture, and public health. This review outlines the key components of the biosecurity framework, benefits, challenges, and practical applications of incorporating IPM into biosecurity measures.
Application of adaptive artificial bee colony algorithm in environmental and economic dispatching management
Authors: Zhang Longyue , Zhang Haoyan
Published: February 2025

With the increasingly serious global environmental and energy issues, more countries are using environmental and economic dispatch (EED) models to optimize power systems. To better optimize the power system, an adaptive artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm based on memory feedback mechanism was put forward to address the EED model, and the adaptive algorithm was used to adaptively adjust the population size. The study also used a benchmark function to set an appropriate population size. In addition, the study also considered both fuel cost and environmental factors in the model, and simultaneously considered four constraint conditions. To evidence the function of the adaptive algorithm, different algorithms were compared in the study. The outcomes denoted that the minimum values of the optimal solution under the Sphere function, Matyas function, and Dixon Price function were 1 × 10−273, 1 × 10−162, and 1 × 10−16, respectively, and their corresponding population sizes were 7, 18, and 20. Under the Sphere function, the minimum average fitness values of the algorithm designed by the research, the ABC algorithm, and the current optimal ABC algorithm were 10−15, 10−4, and 10−11, respectively. Moreover, the algorithm designed by the research tended to flatten out after nearly 30 iterations. The total cost of the adaptive algorithm, ABC algorithm, and the optimal algorithm was 102126.0573 yuan, 113001.0383 yuan, and 109594.9634 yuan, respectively. The pollutant emissions of the three algorithms were 1246.1048 yuan, 1250.5744 yuan, and 1344.3922 yuan, respectively. The adaptive algorithm based on memory feedback mechanism had obvious advantages in solving EED models. The adaptive algorithm proposed by the research achieved adaptive adjustment of population size, improved the operational efficiency of the algorithm, and had certain reference significance for solving other problems.
Simulation studies on a vertical cavity surface emitting LASER (VCSEL) based radio over fiber link for satellite intermediate frequency (IF) signal distribution
Authors: S Nivedhitha , P Ashok , Madhan M Ganesh , K Murali Krishna , M Yuvaraaj , C Selvam
Published: February 2025

Radio over fiber (RoF) for satellite intermediate frequency (IF) signal distribution is essential for long-distance, low-loss IF signal transmission from satellite ground stations. The optical connection uses low-loss optical transmission windows for operation. Satellite communication infrastructure requires sophisticated optical components including laser sources, optical modulators, and photodetectors to preserve signal integrity and bandwidth. Satellite-based services through hundreds of channels offer audio and image displays of film quality. By sending broadcast signals from earth satellites, they address the issues of distortion and range. There are many more clients in the line of sight for the satellites. Hence, optical transmission of satellite signals from a single antenna will be economical along with better signal to noise ratio. This paper investigates the cost-effective distribution of satellite IF signals for a Ku band radio over fiber link. The model consists of an ideal low noise block converter arrangement in the antenna, followed by an 850 nm VCSEL based multimode fiber link. The receiver part of the link has a PIN photo detector and blocks to extract the data from IF band of (Digital video broadcasting- satellite) DVB-S modulated signal. The link performance is evaluated based on scatter plot and error vector magnitude. The effect of operating temperature and the link length on the overall performance is also examined.
Manual wh-signs and English wh-mouthings differentiate BSL content and polar questions
Authors: Hodge Gabrielle , Manrique Elizabeth , Winter Bodo , Cormier Kearsy
Published: February 2025

How do deaf BSL signers signal polar and content questions? This study quantitatively investigates the manual and non-manual forms used to signal polar and content questions during dyadic conversations documented in the BSL Corpus. We found that non-manual movements such as eye, eyebrow and/or head movements do not differentiate content and polar questions in BSL. Instead, it is the presence or absence of conventionalised wh-forms that most strongly differentiates content questions in BSL, and these wh-forms can be signed in BSL and/or mouthed in English. These findings challenge the traditional manual versus non-manual paradigm for analysing polar and content questions in signed languages, while demonstrating how corpus methods can further our understanding of signed language variation and use.
Review of mechanisms and frontier applications in IL-17A-induced hypertension
Authors: Li Ruiyuan , Guo Lipeng , Liang Bin , Sun Wei , Hai Feng
Published: February 2025

Background

The immune system is closely related to hypertension. Hypertension is an immune disorder to a certain extent, and inflammation is the basis of abnormally elevated blood pressure (BP). The accumulation of T cells and their cytokines can increase BP and end organ damage. T cells are activated by antigen-presenting cells of the innate immune system or by the influence of a high-sodium diet, the self-environment, or the gut microbiota. These cells produce inflammatory factors and cytokines, such as interleukin-17A (IL-17A) in T helper 17 cells, causing vascular inflammation, hypertension, and target organ damage

Methods

In this article, we provide an insightful review of the research progress regarding the role of IL-17A in the pathogenesis of hypertension and its effects on different organs while emphasizing the role of IL-17A and its mediated functions in the kidneys, brain, intestines, and vascular system in the development and progression of hypertension.

Results

At the organ level, IL-17A is involved in the development and progression of hypertension in the kidneys, brain, intestines, and blood vessels, interacting with multiple signal pathway.

Conclusions

These findings have significant implications for developing future immunomodulatory therapies, which may lead to the development of potential treatments for hypertension.
The crystal structure of 10-(1-bromoethyl)-14-(bromomethyl)dibenzo[a, c]acridine,C24H17NBr2
Authors: Gao Yuan , Liu Tao , Ke Pingping , Jia Fei , Zhang Yuqi , Wang Jijiang , Yue Erlin
Published: February 2025

C24H17NBr2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.6466(19) Å, b = 14.030(3) Å, c = 13.894(3) Å, β = 100.95(3)°, V = 1846.2(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0440, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0970, T = 173(2) K.
Utilities of ionic liquid extraction with astatine ions and its extraction mechanism
Authors: Yokoyama Akihiko , Kawasaki Kohei , Nagai Yuta , Tazuru Hisanori , Shimizu Yusuke , Ganaha Kohya , Washiyama Kohshin , Nishinaka Ichiro , Wang Yang , Yin Xiaojie , Sato Nozomi , Nambu Akihiro , Shigekawa Yudai , Haba Hiromitsu
Published: February 2025

Present study is the first attempt on the application of ionic liquid (IL) for the extraction of 211At with the 7.21-h-half-life in targeted alpha-particle therapy. We produced the nuclide to investigate utilities of several ionic liquids, namely, [C4mim][Tf2N], [C6mim][Tf2N], [C8mim][Tf2N], [C8mim][PF6], and [C8mim][BF4] in solvent extraction and back extraction for the practical application of a 211Rn/211At generator. Astatine extraction with ionic liquids was investigated in detail in this study, and the extraction mechanism was elucidated for the first time.