bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ontology-Based Framework for Quality in Configurable Process Models
Authors: El Faquih Loubna , Fredj Mounia
Published: March 2017

In recent years, business process modeling has increasingly drawn the attention of enterprises. As a result of the wide use of business processes, redundancy problems have arisen and researchers introduced the variability management, in order to enhance the business process reuse. The most approach used in this context is the Configurable Process Model solution, which consists in representing the variable and the fixed parts together in a unique model. Due to the increasing number of variants, the configurable models become complex and incomprehensible, and their quality is therefore impacted. Most of research work is limited to the syntactic quality of process variants. The approach presented in this paper aims at providing a novel method towards syntactic verification and semantic validation of configurable process models based on ontology languages. We define validation rules for assessing the quality of configurable process models. An example in the e-healthcare domain illustrates the main steps of our approach.
Steady-State Modelling and Simulation of a Reactive Distillation Process for n-Butyl Acetate Production Using CHEMCAD
Authors: Giwa Abdulwahab , Giwa Saidat Olanipekun
Published: March 2017

This work has been carried out to demonstrate the application of a process simulator known as CHEMCAD to the modelling and the simulation of a reactive distillation process used for the production of n-butyl acetate, with water as the by-product, from the esterification reaction between acetic acid and n-butanol. The esterification reaction, which is generally an equilibrium type, was modelled as two kinetic reaction types in the reaction section of the column used, which had 17 stages with the middle section (stages 6 – 12) being the reaction section. A reflux ratio of 3 and reboiler duty of 78 kJ/min as well as 30 mL/min of each of the reactants with 99% molar purity were used for the simulation of the column. The results obtained revealed that the developed model was a valid one because there was a very good agreement between the results and the theoretical knowledge of a distillation column based on the fact that the desired (which was the heavy) product (n-butyl acetate) was found to have the highest mole fraction in the bottom section of the column while the by-product of the process (water) was discovered to have a mole fraction higher than that of n-butyl acetate in the top (condenser) section of the column. Therefore, CHEMCAD has been applied to the steady-state simulation of the reactive distillation process used for the production of n-butyl acetate from the esterification reaction of acetic acid and n-butanol successfully.
Mechanical Behavior and Shrinkage of Algerian Very High Performance Concrete Using Local Materials
Authors: Chiheb Dalila , Belaoura Mebarek , Oudjit Mohamed Nadib , Bali Abderrahim
Published: March 2017

In some parts of Algeria, the alluvial deposits are depleted. Optimizing the use of available resources, has become gradually urgent need and more and more important. Algeria does not remain on the sidelines of this idea, an approach is part of a sustainable development has been developed to make available to the manufacturer a steady stream of material coming from the exploitation of limestone. The importance of this production can be explained by the activity of the carrier ever growing sector. Research programs have been launched in Algeria to focus on aspects, related to the composition of concrete and influence of the nature of the constituents on the mechanical mixing quality, especially compressive strength remains the point of view of the engineer, the most important property of the material, if we exclude the sustainability indicators. Usual concretes were made using local materials. Results showed that the intrinsic properties of the constituents of concrete, and particularly studied the crushed aggregate, provide the concrete characteristics resistors quite satisfactory. To go further and in a growing cares about improving the mechanical strength of these concretes we tried to formulate a very high performance concrete (VHPC) made from local crushed aggregate, in this case the crushed limestone sands as a resource alternative to over-exploited rolled sands. The objective of this study is to enhance the crushed sand in the formulation of VHPC. The referred physical-mechanical performances are related to defer deformations within time (shrinkage) and instantaneous mechanical compressive and flexural strength.
Systematic Study on Morphology of Anodic Alumina Produced by Hard Anodization in the Electrolytes Modified with Ethylene Glycol
Authors: Norek Małgorzata , Zasada Dariusz , Siemiaszko Dariusz
Published: March 2017

The morphology of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) produced by hard anodization (HA) in oxalic acid electrolyte modified with various amount of ethylene glycol (EG) was investigated. The EG induces a considerable changes in the AAO morphology. The AAO transforms from continuous nanoporous film to separated AAO nanotubes upon addition of increasing amount of EG. In the sample II (4:1 v/v water to EG mixture) well separated nanotubes with variable wall thickness are produced. In the sample III (1:1 v/v water to EG solution) the nanotubes “imprisoned” in a partially dissolved cell skeleton with regularly spaced apertures along the cell are formed. In the electrolyte with the highest amount of EG (1:4 v/v water to EG mixture) an irregular AAO consisted of formless oxide and the oxide in a form of separated tubes of thick walls and small pores is fabricated. Based on the data obtained in this work it is concluded that the C containing ionic species originating from the EG dissociation along with the high electric field (E) operating during the HA were responsible for the separation phenomena. These ions, driven by the high E, were transported from the electrolyte to the pore base, where they were being embedded into the AAO framework generating strong mechanical stresses at cell boundaries and initiating the cell cleavage process. Moreover, some of these charged particles were ionized under the high E providing additional electrons to the overall current flow and giving rise to a sudden current density boost in the samples II and III.
Designing and Modeling of Logic Circuits Based on Switching of the Gated Oligo-Phenylenevinylene Molecule
Authors: Safapour Saleh , Sabbaghi-Nadooshan Reza , Shokri Ali Asghar
Published: March 2017

Molecular electronics seeks to decrease the cost, power consumption and size of devices, using a variety of approaches. However, few attempts have been made to address circuit simulation. The availability of common semiconductor components means they can be used for modeling and simulating molecular circuits to speed progress in molecular electronics. The present study examines the switching of a gated oligo-phenylenevinylene (OPV) molecule as a NMOS molecular transistor, resistance as an indicator of methyl molecules, and the linking of these abilities using LTspice simulation software. The circuit simulation of molecules of basic logic gates, half-adder, full-adder, and multiplier logic circuits are carried out. The numerical results may shed light on the next applications of molecular systems and make them a good, promising candidate for field-effect transistors.
Effects on Mechanical Properties of Solid State Recycled Aluminium 6061 by Extrusion Material Processing
Authors: Ab Rahim Syaiful Nizam , Lajis Mohd Amri
Published: March 2017

In this research, mechanical properties of recycled 6061 aluminium alloy, produced by solid state recycling through extrusion, were compared to as-received billets. Aluminum 6061 chips were extruded using a hot extrusion machine. The effects of extrusion parameters on the mechanical properties of the produced recycled 6061 aluminium alloy were investigated. The objective of the study was to analyze the mechanical and structural features of the alloy after plastic consolidation. The extrusion processes were conducted at different preheat temperatures and preheat times, while the ram speed was kept constant. The findings of the study highlighted the potential of combining the extrusion process parameters as an efficient processing route for production of high quality and high-performance type of extruded billets. Tensile test results showed that, material extruded at 550°C exhibited better mechanical properties compared to that extruded at 400°C. The higher temperature resulted in a higher tensile strength being produced, at the expense of a trade-off in ductility. Overall, it was revealed that, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (ETF) of the produced recycled 6061 aluminium through extrusion exhibited mechanical and structural properties comparable to those of the as-received billets.
The Dependence of the Shrinkage of the Cement Composite with Fine Ground Recycled Concrete on its Microstructure
Authors: Hrůza Jaromír , Topič Jaroslav , Prošek Zdeněk
Published: March 2017

This paper is focused on the shrinkage and microstructure of composite cement based materials with different percentage of fine ground recycled concrete. Recycled concrete is in cement mixture as a partial replacement of the filler, which under certain circumstances also functions as a binder component. For the assessment of the microstructure were used images from the optical and scanning electron microscope. There were produced four mixtures of cement pastes containing 0, 33, 50 and 67 wt. % of fine ground recycled concrete. At the conclusion of the experiment it was shown that the mixture samples with increasing amounts of recycled concrete have greater shrinkage due to the increased water/cement ratio, which is for the individual mixtures different in the terms of the same workability of all mixtures.
DEM and Microstructure Analysis of Pure Molybdenum Powder Material during Equal Channel Angular Pressing
Authors: Wang Xue , Li Ping , Xue Ke Min
Published: March 2017

Pure molybdenum powder material was processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) with different numbers of passes at the temperature of 400 °C and then Vickers microhardness measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were conducted. The samples were further characterized with electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) to examine the grain size. These experimental results exhibit that the powder material is well consolidated and the grains are refined by 2 passes of ECAP processing. In addition, discrete element method (DEM) was used to investigate the deformation behaviour of particles as well as the pores between the particles. The deformation of particles, the distribution of residual porosity and the variation of coordination number in pure molybdenum powder material sample during ECAP were obtained in microscopic scale and all the simulation results are well in line with the microstructure evolution.
The Effects of Ba(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 Addition on Piezoelectric Properties and Microstructures of (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 Ceramics
Authors: Lee Tai Kuang , Chen Jyun Hung , Lee Ying Chieh
Published: March 2017

(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 (NBBT) ceramics doped with 0.1∼2.0 mol.% Ba (Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 were investigated in terms of the sintering, microstructure, phase transition, and piezoelectric properties. BZT doping has no remarkable effect on the microstructure and densification within the studied doping content. Up to 2 mol.% BZT can dissolve into the lattice of NBBT ceramics, and the structure symmetry is not changed. However, a significant change in the piezoelectric properties took place. The piezoelectric coefficient d33 for the 0.1 wt.% BZT-doped NBBT ceramics sintered at 1150 °C was found to be 120 pC/N and the electromechanical coupling factor kp = 0.24.
Role of geochemical data in ecological and human health risk assessment - a consultant's perspective
Authors: Rae D A
Published: March 2017

Environmental consultants routinely use geochemical data in human health and ecological risk assessments for a variety of purposes. Data are often used to establish existing baseline conditions, to develop guidelines, or to help determine estimated daily intakes
(EDIs) of chemicals of concern (COCs). Data can include air, soil, sediment, surface water, and groundwater and cover a broad range of COCs. However, metals in the environment is the most ubiquitous issue for which geochemical data is required in risk assessments and is the focus of this
presentation. The presentation will use case examples to discuss the three main uses of metals data (baseline, guideline, and EDI) and will highlight common issues related to data interpretation including spatial and temporal variation, and sampling and analytical protocols. Basic risk assessment
methods will be reviewed to demonstrate how geochemical data is used in risk calculations and the significance, or lack thereof, of variations in that data.
The North American soil geochemical landscapes project -- 2010 US geological survey update
Authors: Woodruff L G
Published: March 2017

A detailed knowledge of the concentration of chemicals in soil is required for calculation of human exposure to those chemicals via a soil pathway. At present, agencies involved with human and environmental health have no common understanding of soil geochemical
background variation for North America and the processes that control this variation. The North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project, a tri-national initiative among the United States, Canada, and Mexico, was established to (1) develop a continental-scale design and protocols for generating
soil geochemical data and (2) provide baseline soil geochemical data that are useful for a wide range of applications and disciplines, including public health. The Project is based on low-density sample collection over a spatially balanced array of 13,496 sites for the continent (1 sample site per
1,600 sq. km.). The core samples collected at each site include material from a depth of 0-5 cm and soils from the A and C horizons. In the US each sample is analyzed for more than 40 elements and mineralogy. Through partnerships with other federal agencies new data on the distribution of soil
bacteria and microbial biomass are being generated.
Preliminary results indicate that concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soils commonly vary by 1-2 orders of magnitude. The observed variability is the result of several parameters such as soil parent material, climate, and human activities. Understanding this variation is critical in
terms of understanding human exposure and for understanding soil pollution on a national scale. The USGS is committed to the completion of sample collection in the conterminous United States by the end of 2010 field season.
Assessing and reducing risks at the Montague and Goldenville Gold districts in Nova Scotia
Authors: Parsons M B , Little M E , Jamieson H E , Walker S R , Goodwin T
A
Published: March 2017

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Variations on a theme of gravity coring: K-B, Glew and TechOps corers with core extrusion and high-resolution vertical sectioning of shallow aquatic sediments
Authors: Alpay S , Day S , McNeil R , McCurdy M , Gammon P
Published: March 2017

The goals of gravity coring for environmental limnological studies are to obtain an undisturbed sample of bottom sediments, preserve the sediment-water interface, maintain the original water content, and maintain the original vertical distributions of chemical,
mineralogical, and biological constituents. Gravity coring devices are designed to drive core tubes or cylinders vertically into the sediments and withdraw them back to surface intact. Examples of open-barrel or gravity corers that are used within the Northern Canada Division of the Geological
Survey of Canada are a modified Kajak-Brinkhurst (K-B) corer, Glew (and modified Glew) corers, and TechOps corer. Although the principles of operation are similar, each device has advantages and disadvantages that should be taken into consideration for the requirements of each specific lake sediment
study.
Shallow lake cores ( ?1m) taken by gravity coring methods typically require extrusion and sectioning on-site because of the high water content and likelihood of core disturbance during handling and transport. Zorbitrol (a water binding agent) can fix most gravity cores sufficiently to enable gentle
transport back to the laboratory; however, it is a source of contamination that would preclude any subsequent geochemical analyses. For high water content cores, vertical extruders are the most effective. There are three components to vertical core extrusion and sectioning: maintenance of the core
in a vertical position, advancement of the core material through the core tube so that sections can be expelled, and removal of the extruded section that can be transferred to sample containers. Three examples of vertical core extruding and sectioning devices portable for field use are available:
one designed for use with the K-B corer with fixed interval sections and two for which the operator can define the sectioning intervals.
Aquatic soft sediment sampling methods: freeze coring and grab/hand coring
Authors: Gammon P , Alpay S
Published: March 2017

To obtain reliable cores of shallow aquatic sediments requires a pragmatic marriage of the substrate type that you will be coring to the research goals that you wish to achieve. Aquatic sediment substrates vary from extremely "soupy" to well compacted. The goals
can vary from climate histories to geotechnical to geochemical, each of which may require specific sampling techniques. The resolution required in the study commonly dictates the type of substrate and the type of coring method required.
The highest resolution lake coring, with also the best preservation of geotechnical properties, is freeze coring. When properly deployed this technique preserves sediment stratigraphy in hard to very soft substrates with sediment disturbance reduced to virtually nil either during or post sampling.
Freeze cores can be transported back to the lab for detailed stratigraphic study, with resolution at millimetre scales possible through microtoming and X-Ray examination. Freeze coring is logistically difficult, requiring transport of dry ice into the field, and the maintenance of frozen conditions
subsequent to sampling. The amount of sediment can also be relatively small in freeze cores, especially for the sediment-water interface. Freeze coring of marine substrates is the same as for fresh water. Other soupy sediment techniques include gravity coring (Sam Alpay) and hand coring. Hand cores
can be used delicately and precisely, and hence can be effective coring devices in the softest of substrates.
Hard substrates can cause as many problems as soft substrates, but are advantageous in that they are resistant to disturbance and thus can be relatively easily transported back to the lab. Many gravity corers are unsuited to these kinds of substrates due to a lack of penetration, no matter how good
the operator or how heavy the weight used. Hand coring is a good option in these substrates, and can yield long and well preserved cores, although depth penetration can be limited by the amount of weight one can use to push the corer into the substrate (a sharp-ended coring nose is preferable).
Short (<30cm) cores of hard substrates can also be obtained by coring the sediment retrieved in a box corer or large grab sampler. This technique provides large sediment volumes with easily correlated core depths.
Lake or marine cores >1-2 metres generally require vibracoring or piston coring techniques, which are logistically difficult unless significant lifting capabilities are available. Small piston and vibracorers can be deployed off small vessels but the depth penetration of these systems is
often limited by substrate layers or lift capacity. These techniques can disturb the uppermost 0.5-1 m and so need to be used in conjunction with gravity or other coring techniques that better capture the sediment-water interface (if that is of importance). Stratigraphy from different coring
techniques can generally be spliced using radiometric dating and/or proxy data measurements.
Livingstone Corer
Authors: Grenier A
Published: March 2017

The Livingstone Corer, developed in the mid 1950's, is a light-weight, piston corer used to collect freshwater sediments from shallow lakes and ponds, up to a depth of 25m. Also referred as a stationary-piston corer, the Livingstone corer can be used year-round;
other advantages include portability and ease of use. Cores are extracted either in the field or upon return to the lab. Special care is necessary to ensure minimal disturbance of the sample in transit to the laboratory. Disadvantages include limits on the depth of water, the length of core and
potential for disturbance of the core stratigraphy. The equipment owned by the GSC provides different options for core diameter (2 or 3 inch OD), core barrel length (3 or 6.5 ft long), and different types of core barrel materials (aluminum or clear plastic).
Development of light-weight permafrost coring equipment at GSC; a review
Authors: Veillette J
Published: March 2017

Intensive development of light-weight, permafrost coring equipment was carried out by Terrain Sciences Division during the 1972-1977 period. This work was done in support of the large surficial geology mapping programs conducted along the Mackenzie Valley and the
west coast of Hudson Bay in support of proposed pipeline routes. The evaluation of ground ice content and that of basic geotechnical properties of frozen soils to depths of 3-4 m below the surface were the main concerns. Three pieces of equipment resulted from this development work: the permafrost
coring kit, the JKS 300 drill and the ATV drill. Apart from the equipment developed, the identification of design parameters regarding torque and rpm requirements for successful coring of frozen soils using light-weight equipment was the most relevant finding. The description of specific coring
projects is used to illustrate the results. Recommendations for future work are presented.
Following kimberlite indicator minerals to source in the Chidliak Kimberlite Province, Nunavut
Authors: Pell J , Clements B , Grütter H , Neilson S , Grenon H
Published: March 2017

The discovery of diamond-bearing kimberlite within the Chidliak kimberlite province on Hall Peninsula, southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, is a classic example of the application of traditional diamond-exploration techniques in a glaciated terrain. To date, 64
kimberlite pipes have been discovered: 61 on the Chidliak project and three on the adjacent Qilaq project. The first discovery was made in 2008, making Chidliak the most recent kimberlite province discovered in Canada. Comprehensive kimberlite indicator mineral (KIM) classification and
interpretation techniques, including abrasion and geochemical analyses have played a significant role in these discoveries and have evolved over the course of the project.
Ground truthing of the 'Eastern Athabasca Basin' regional airborne gamma-ray survey: context for exploration of deeply buried unconformity-related uranium deposits in the Athabasca Basin of northern Saskatchewan
Authors: Fortin R , Campbell J E , Harvey B J A , McCurdy M
W , Sinclair L E , Hanson M
A , Potter E G , Jefferson C
W
Published: March 2017

With uranium exploration shifting to greater depths and more indirect targets, new tools and better use of existing data are needed to maximize exploration efficiency. Recent and historical research has demonstrated that although deeply-buried beneath Athabasca
Group sandstones, unconformity-related uranium deposits still may be targeted by understanding subtle surficial geochemical anomalies. Airborne gamma-ray spectrometric surveys can be used for effective surficial geochemical mapping of K, U and Th over large areas and have been conducted by the
Geological Survey of Canada across much of the Canadian Shield over the past 50 years, notably in partnership with Saskatchewan over the Athabasca Basin. To apply the results of these surveys to uranium exploration, the effects of deposit-related geochemical anomalies on airborne gamma-ray
measurements must be predicted. And, just as importantly, the background in terms of K, U and Th above which these anomalies have to be detected, has to be quantified and its genetic linkages understood. The "Eastern Athabasca Basin" airborne gamma-ray survey was conducted in partnership with the
Saskatchewan Geological Survey in 2009. This regional survey was ground-truthed along the corridor between Key Lake and the McArthur River mine site in 2013. High-resolution helicopter-borne gamma-ray acquisition, ground gamma-ray spectrometry, surficial material mapping, sampling and laboratory
analyses were performed. Results indicate that the relationships between subsurface processes, glacial dispersal and airborne gamma-ray measurements are very intricate and responsive to detailed local surficial geological processes that have modified elemental dispersion from bedrock sources. In
many cases, surficial sediments and landforms can be discriminated based on their K, U and Th geochemistry, relating in turn, to their provenance. Quantitative analysis of the airborne data, integrated with surficial geological knowledge, can differentiate between the complex patchwork of background
domain levels and deposit-related surficial geochemical anomalies.
Graphite-bearing and graphite-depleted basement rocks in the Dufferin Lake zone, south-central Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan
Authors: Pascal M , Ansdell K M , Annesley I R
Published: March 2017

Unconformity-type uranium deposits from the Athabasca Basin are interpreted to be the result of mixing between oxidized basinal brines and basement-derived reduced fluids/gases, and/or reduced basement rocks. Graphite and/or its breakdown products may be
responsible for uranium mineralization by acting as a reductant that could trigger deposition of uranium. Also, graphite is considered to be indicative of basement structures as it is often concentrated along structures which can be identified as electromagnetic conductors. Underlying the
sedimentary rocks of the basin in the Dufferin Lake zone (south-central Athabasca Basin) are variably graphitic pelitic schists (VGPS), which are altered to chlorite and hematite (Red/Green Zone: RGZ), and locally bleached (BZ) near the unconformity. These mp;lt;"graphite-depleted zonesmp;gt;"
contain rocks which are similar in texture to the VGPS, and are assumed to have contained graphite prior to alteration. The major element composition of the VGPS and RGZ are similar, but the RGZ and BZ are characterized by lower concentrations of carbon and sulphur. The BZ also has higher
concentrations of uranium and boron. Raman analyses indicate that well-ordered carbon species (graphite to semi-graphite) are present in the VGPS, with both types more common within shear zones. In contrast, only rare low-ordered carbon species (carbonaceous matter) were detected in the
graphite-depleted samples within the RGZ. Secondary fluid inclusions (FI) examined in different quartz vein generations provide an indication of the fluids that have interacted with the basement rocks. Monophase vapor, dominated by CH4 and N2 as identified by Raman, are the most common type of fluid
inclusion in the VGPS, whereas aqueous two-phase (L+V) and three-phase (L+V+Halite) FI occur in the RGZ. The latter are rich in NaCl and CaCl2 and are similar to brines identified elsewhere in the basin.
Overall, several events are considered to be potentially responsible for graphite consumption. However, the most important processes likely occurred during retrograde metamorphism, and during fluid-rock interactions that ultimately created the RGZ and BZ. CH4 can be generated by the breakdown of
graphite during hydration reactions and/or cooling of C-O-H fluids, and N2 could have been generated by the breakdown of ammonium (NH4 +)-bearing feldspar and micas. Basinal brines that circulated through the RGZ could also have broken down graphite and sulphides, and released gases/fluids into the
sedimentary rocks of the basin. However, the absolute timing of graphite consumption is not known, and so the direct link with uranium deposition remains unclear.
Mineralogical, sulphur, and lead isotopic study of the Lemarchant Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag-Au-VMS deposit: implications for precious-metal enrichment processes in the VMS environment
Authors: Gill S B , Piercey S J , Layton-Matthews D , Layne G D , Piercey G
Published: March 2017

The Lemarchant deposit is a Cambrian volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit located in the Central Mobile Belt of the Newfoundland Appalachians. Unlike other polymetallic VMS deposits in the bimodal felsic Tally Pond group, Lemarchant is enriched in precious
metals. The deposit is composed of contrasting styles of sulphide mineralization, and formed in three discrete stages: Stage 1: barite-rich, low-temperature (<250oC) VMS mineralization; Stage 2: 150 to 250oC intermediate- to high-sulphidation epithermal-style mineralization; and Stage 3:
polymetallic, high-temperature (>300oC) VMS mineralization. Sulphur isotopes suggest that S is derived from three sources: thermochemically reduced seawater sulphate, leached igneous basement rock, and magmatic SO2. Lead isotopes indicate that Pb is primarily derived from evolved crustal
material, with some input from juvenile volcanic rock (i.e. arc-rift). Precious metals associated with epithermal-style mineralization are consistent with a magmatic contribution to the hydrothermal fluid. Precious metals were precipitated from intermittently boiled fluids, at relatively shallow
(<1500 m) water depth.
The Archean Westwood Au deposit, southern Abitibi: telescoped Au-rich VMS and intrusion-related Au systems
Authors: Yergeau D , Mercier-Langevin P , Dubé B , Malo M , McNicoll V J , Jackson S E , Savoie A , La Rochelle F
Published: March 2017

The Westwood deposit (3.74 Moz Au) is part of the Doyon-Bousquet-LaRonde mining camp. The deposit is hosted in the 2699-2996 Ma Bousquet Formation that forms a moderately to highly-strained, steeply south-dipping and east-west-trending, upper greenschist/lower
amphibolite facies, homoclinal volcano-plutonic sequence that faces south.* The Westwood deposit consists of three east-west-trending and steeply south-dipping mineralized corridors that are stacked from north to south: the Zone 2 Extension, the North Corridor, and the Westwood Corridor. The
Zone 2 Extension consists of transposed centimetre- to decimetre-wide pyrite } chalcopyritesphalerite- rich quartz veins and disseminations whereas the North Corridor consists of centimetre- to decimetre-wide quartz-pyrite-chalcopyrite } sphalerite-galena-pyrrhotite veins and disseminations as well
as thin, semi-massive to massive sulphide veins. The Westwood Corridor consists of discontinuous stratabound polymetallic semi-massive to massive sulphide lenses, veins and disseminations.
The Westwood and North corridors are associated with a large, semi-conformable to discordant Mn-rich garnet and biotite distal alteration halo that hosts a zone of more proximal sericite-dominated alteration. The Zone 2 Extension is characterized by a 2-10-m wide zone of intense biotite and sericite
(} gypsum) alteration and local alteration zones composed of an assemblage of quartz-andalusite-kyanite-pyrophyllite. Mapping and 3-D modeling of the alteration zones strongly suggests that the Zone 2 Extension alteration overprints that of the North and Westwood corridors.
The Westwood and North corridors are considered to be subseafloor to seafloor (VMS-type) mineralization, whereas the Zone 2 Extension vein system is proposed to represent the eastward extension of the intrusion-associated Doyon Au deposit located less than 1.5 km west of Westwood. The Doyon system
is rooted in, and possibly genetically related to, the polyphase Mooshla synvolcanic intrusive complex. The three mineralized corridors at Westwood were probably formed in a ?2 Ma time span, as indicated by U-Pb zircon geochronology. By analogy with telescoped porphyry-epithermal systems, the three
mineralized corridors of the Westwood deposit may represent various components of a submarine Archean auriferous synvolcanic magmatic-hydrothermal system, providing a unique opportunity to improve and expand metallogenic and exploration models for Archean greenstone belts.
Access to high quality groundwater data - a geoportal for central Ontario
Authors: Holysh S , Gerber R
Published: March 2017

Over the past fifteen years the Oak Ridges Moraine Groundwater Program (ORMGWP) has assembled a comprehensive groundwater-focused database. The assembled data is wide ranging and includes geological, hydrogeological, climatic and surface water related information
that has been used by technical staff from the thirteen partnered agencies (municipalities and conservation authorities) to drive improved decision making in central Ontario.
During 2016, a password-protected website was launched that allows for easier access to the information housed in the database by less technical (i.e., non-hydrogeologist) staff. This has led to discussions regarding as to whether the data should be made more widely accessible to the broader
consulting community and the general public. One consideration currently being assessed is that of extending a "membership" service to the consulting community in a two-way data exchange program.
A significant advantage of greater accessibility to the program's data would be that more eyes would be looking at the program's data, and with the right mechanisms in place, this could serve to assist staff in improving the overall quality of the data. This presentation will showcase the current
web-based data access platform and discuss the future pathways for the program.
Burden of Disease Attributed to Waterborne Transmission of Selected Enteric Pathogens, Australia, 2010
Authors: Gibney Katherine B. , O'Toole Joanne , Sinclair Martha , Leder Karin
Published: March 2017

Universal access to safe drinking water is a global priority. To estimate the annual disease burden of campylobacteriosis, nontyphoidal salmonellosis, cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and norovirus attributable to waterborne transmission in Australia, we multiplied regional World Health Organization (WHO) estimates of the proportion of cases attributable to waterborne transmission by estimates of all-source disease burden for each study pathogen. Norovirus was attributed as causing the most waterborne disease cases (479,632; 95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 0–1,111,874) followed by giardiasis and campylobacteriosis. The estimated waterborne disability-adjusted life year (DALY) burden for campylobacteriosis (2,004; 95% UI: 0–5,831) was 7-fold greater than other study pathogens and exceeded the WHO guidelines for drinking water quality (1 × 10−6 DALY per person per year) by 90-fold. However, these estimates include disease transmitted via either drinking or recreational water exposure. More precise country-specific and drinking water-specific attribution estimates would better define the health burden from drinking water and inform changes to treatment requirements.
Inspection of Energy Absorbing Bumper Mounts
Authors:   Motor Vehicle Council
Published: March 2017

Since 1973, regulations established by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) have required automobile manufacturers to equip all passenger cars with 2.5 - 5 mph energy absorbing bumper systems. The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to provide guidelines which will help to determine the nature and extent of damage a hydraulic or mechanical energy absorber has received, after the bumper system has been involved in a collision. It is also to suggest appropriate repair procedures for energy absorbers that have sustained minor damage and are repairable.
ELECTRIC FUSES (CARTRIDGE TYPE)
Authors:   Circuit Protection and Switch Device Committee
Published: March 2017

The fuses shown are for use in motor vehicles, boats, and trailers to protect electrical wiring and equipment. This standard is for the construction shown and is not intended to restrict the design and use of other configurations and materials capable of meeting the vehicle requirements.
Nitrous oxide variability at sub-kilometre resolution in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Grefe Imke , Fielding Sophie , Heywood Karen J. , Kaiser Jan
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The Southern Ocean is an important region for global nitrous oxide (N2O) cycling. The contribution of different source and sink mechanisms is, however, not very well constrained due to a scarcity of seawater data from the area. Here we present high-resolution surface N2O measurements from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, taking advantage of a relatively new underway setup allowing for collection of data during transit across mesoscale features such as frontal systems and eddies. Covering a range of different environments and biogeochemical settings, N2O saturations and sea-to-air flux were highly variable: Saturations ranged from 96.5 % at the sea ice edge in the Weddell Sea to 126.1 % across the Polar Frontal Zone during transit to South Georgia. Negative sea-to-air fluxes of up to −1.3 µmol m−2 d−1 were observed in the Subantarctic Zone and highest positive fluxes of 14.5 µmol m−2 d−1 in Stromness Bay, coastal South Georgia.
Inclusion of Tank Configurations as a Variable in the Cost Optimization of Branched Piped Water Networks
Authors: Hooda Nikhil , Damani Om
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The classic problem of the capital cost optimization of branched piped networks consists of choosing pipe diameters for each pipe in the network from a discrete set of commercially available pipe diameters. Each pipe in the network can consist of multiple segments of differing diameters. Water networks also consist of intermediate tanks that act as buffers between incoming flow from the primary source and the outgoing flow to the demand nodes. The network from the primary source to the tanks is called the primary network, and the network from the tanks to the demand nodes is called the secondary network. During the design stage, the primary and secondary networks are optimized separately with the tanks acting as demand nodes for the primary network. Typically the choice of tank locations, their elevations, and the set of demand nodes to be served by different tanks, is manually made in an ad-hoc fashion before any optimization is done. It is desirable therefore to include this tank configuration choice in the cost optimization process itself. In this work, we motivate why the choice of tank configuration is important to the design of a network and describe an Integer Linear Program (ILP) model that integrates the same to the standard pipe diameter selection problem. To aid the designers of piped water networks, the improved cost optimization formulation is incorporated in our existing network design system called JalTantra.
Few years' experience with Automatic DIFlux systems: theory, validation and results
Authors: Poncelet Antoine , Gonsette Alexandre , Rasson Jean
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The previous release of our Automatic DIFlux, called AutoDIF mk2.2, is now running continuously since June 2012 in the absolute house of Dourbes magnetic observatory performing measurement every 30 minutes. A second one is working in the tunnel of Conrad observatory (Austria) since December 2013. After this proof of concept, we improved the AutoDIF to the version mk2.3 which was presented in 16th IAGA workshop in Hyderabad. Today, we have successfully deployed 6 AutoDIFs in various environments: 2 in Dourbes (DOU), 1 in Manhay (MAB), 1 in Conrad (CON), 1 in Deajeon (Korea) and 1 is used for tests. This one was installed for 10 month in Chambon-la-Foret (CLF) and since 2016 in Kakioka (KAK). In this paper, we will compare the automatic measurements with the human-made, and discuss the advantages/disadvantages of automatic measurements
Development of a probabilistic ocean modelling system based on NEMO 3.5: application at eddying resolution
Authors: Bessières Laurent , Leroux Stéphanie , Brankart Jean-Michel , Molines Jean-Marc , Moine Marie-Pierre , Bouttier Pierre-Antoine , Penduff Thierry , Terray Laurent , Barnier Bernard , Sérazin Guillaume
Published: March 2017

Abstract. This paper presents the technical implementation of a new, probabilistic version of the NEMO ocean–sea-ice modelling system. Ensemble simulations with N members running simultaneously within a single executable, and interacting mutually if needed, are made possible through an enhanced message-passing interface (MPI) strategy including a double parallelization in the spatial and ensemble dimensions. An example application is then given to illustrate the implementation, performances, and potential use of this novel probabilistic modelling tool. A large ensemble of 50 global ocean–sea-ice hindcasts has been performed over the period 1960–2015 at eddy-permitting resolution (1∕4°) for the OCCIPUT (oceanic chaos – impacts, structure, predictability) project. This application aims to simultaneously simulate the intrinsic/chaotic and the atmospherically forced contributions to the ocean variability, from mesoscale turbulence to interannual-to-multidecadal timescales. Such an ensemble indeed provides a unique way to disentangle and study both contributions, as the forced variability may be estimated through the ensemble mean, and the intrinsic chaotic variability may be estimated through the ensemble spread.
Arctic Ocean geostrophic circulation 2003-2014
Authors: Armitage Thomas W. K. , Bacon Sheldon , Ridout Andy L. , Petty Alek A. , Wolbach Steven , Tsamados Michel
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Monitoring the surface circulation of the ice-covered Arctic Ocean is generally limited in space, time or both. We present a new 12-year record of geostrophic currents at monthly resolution in the ice-covered and ice-free Arctic Ocean and characterise their seasonal to decadal variability from 2003-2014, a period of rapid environmental change in the Arctic. Geostrophic currents around the Arctic basin increased in the late '00s, with the largest increases observed in summer. Currents in the southeastern Beaufort gyre accelerated in late 2007 with higher current speeds sustained until 2011, after which they decreased to speeds representative of the period 2003-2006. The strength of the northwestward current in the southwest Beaufort gyre more than doubled between 2003 and 2014. This pattern of changing currents is linked to shifting of the gyre circulation to the northwest during the time period. The Beaufort gyre circulation and Fram Strait current are strongest in winter, modulated by the seasonal strength of the atmospheric circulation. Eddy kinetic energy is also larger in winter and we find high eddy activity congruent with features of the seafloor bathymetry. The variability of Arctic Ocean geostrophic circulation highlights the interplay between seasonally variable atmospheric forcing and ice conditions, on a backdrop of long term changes to the Arctic sea ice-ocean system. Studies point to various mechanisms influencing the observed increase in Arctic Ocean surface stress, and hence geostrophic currents, in the '00s – e.g. decreased ice concentration/thickness, changing atmospheric forcing, changing ice pack morphology – however more work is needed to refine the representation of atmosphere-ice-ocean coupling in models before we can fully attribute causality to these increases.
ANTROPOGEOMORFOLOGIA – O HOMEM COMO AGENTE GEOMORFOLÓGICO: BASE TEÓRICA E ANÁLISE ACERCA DA EXTRAÇÃO DO AMIANTO CRISOTILA EM MINAÇU (GO)
Authors: Souza José Carlos de , Pereira Uhênia Caetano
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho apresenta uma analise espacial e temporal do processo de extração do amianto crisotila no município de Minaçu, no Estado de Goiás e sua relação com a elaboração de formas antropogênicas. As analises foram feitas a partir da correlação entre os aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos da área e os dados históricos da produção do mineral. O processo de extração iniciou-se em 1967 de forma rudimentar, mas com o aumento da demanda mundial pelo minério e a modernização tecnológica do processo, as alterações na paisagem se tornaram crescentes e cumulativas. Neste período foram removidos centenas de milhões de toneladas de rocha e solo, elaborando cavas e bancas de rejeito que surpreendem por suas dimensões. Vinculada a estas análises, temos uma breve discussão teórica acerca da Geomorfologia Antrópica como especialidade da Geomorfologia, aplicada às alterações no meio físico provocadas pelas ações humanas diretas e indiretas.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DO CÓRREGO SÃO CAETANO-BOTUCATU-SP
Authors: De Souza Ivan Fernandes , Rodrigues Sergio Augusto
Published: March 2017

A qualidade da água do Córrego São Caetano no Município de Botucatu foi analisada a partir dos parâmetros físico-químicos: temperatura do ar e da água, potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), condutividade elétrica (CE), turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido (OD), demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), carbono orgânico total (COT) e nitrogênio. O estudo foi realizado no período de novembro de 2010 a setembro de 2011, com coletas bimestrais em quatro pontos de amostragem, em duas estações: chuvosa e seca, com a intenção de detectar possíveis alterações ao longo do sistema hídrico. De uma forma geral, o córrego pode ser enquadrado na classe 3. Observou-se a predominância depH ácido na estação chuvosa e básico na seca, contribuindo para diluição ou concentração de sais. Comprometendo a qualidade da água para zona rural, normalmente utilizada para irrigação de culturas e dessedentação animais, destacam-sea CE, apresentando valor médio no ponto P1 de 327,4 mS.cm-1 e o OD no ponto P4 com concentração de1,383 mgO2.L-1. Os demais parâmetros não apresentaram valores que comprometem a concentração de poluentes.
CONCEPÇÕES E AÇÕES: A PRÁTICA DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA REDE PÚBLICA DE ENSINO DE ARACAJU/SE
Authors: Silva Jailton Santos , Carvalho Márcia Eliane Silva , Araújo Maria Inêz Oliveira
Published: March 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma análise dos projetos de educação ambiental desenvolvidos na rede pública de ensino de Aracaju, cadastrados na Diretoria Regional de Educação de Aracaju/SE, em 2014, bem como as representações ambientais dos atores neles envolvidos, utilizando indicadores que permitem mensurar a efetividade dessas práticas pedagógicas na formação discente. Para tal, foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos e de campo, utilizando uma metodologia de caráter quali-quantitativo. A base teórico-metodológica da pesquisa pautou-se nos trabalhos de autores como Guimarães (1995), Leff (2009), Magalhães Junior (2011), Roldão (2009), Tristão (2008), entre outros. Dentre o rol de onze indicadores listados, seis indicadores estão presentes nos projetos de todas as escolas pesquisadas, entre eles: a sensibilização, vivência do educando e abordagem local/global. Somente com a integração destes indicadores no cotidiano escolar será possível contribuir com a formação cidadã, responsável pela mudança de postura necessária na sociedade atual de consumo e degradação.