bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Bone fragment in the third ventricle of a 22 year-old woman
Authors: Munakomi Sunil , Srinivas Balaji , Cherian Iype
Published: March 2015

Here we present a very rare case of a woman with a bone fragment in the third ventricle of the brain following compound-depressed skull fractures due to a road traffic accident.

There are only few case reports of bullets and textiloma being removed from the third ventricle. Following operative removal of the fragment, the patient was started on cortisol, mineralocorticoid and thyroid hormone replacement. However, the patient eventually died of the severe traumatic hypothalamic insult.
Interactive lectures: Clickers or personal devices?
Authors: Morrell Lesley J. , Joyce Domino A.
Published: March 2015

Audience response systems (‘clickers’) are frequently used to promote participation in large lecture classes, and evidence suggests that they convey a number of benefits to students, including improved academic performance and student satisfaction. The limitations of these systems (such as limited access and cost) can be overcome using students’ personal electronic devices, such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops together with text message, web- or app-based polling systems. Using questionnaires, we compare student perceptions of clicker and smartphone based polling systems. We find that students prefer interactive lectures generally, but those that used their own device preferred those lectures over lectures using clickers. However, device users were more likely to report using their devices for other purposes (checking email, social media etc.) when they were available to answer polling questions. These students did not feel that this distracted them from the lecture, instead, concerns over the use of smartphones centred around increased battery usage and inclusivity for students without access to suitable technology. Our results suggest that students generally preferred to use their own devices over clickers, and that this may be a sensible way to overcome some of the limitations associated with clickers, although issues surrounding levels of distraction and the implications for retention and recall of information need further investigation.
A communication hub for a decentralized collaboration on studying real-life cognition
Authors: Hanke Michael , Halchenko Yaroslav O.
Published: March 2015

Studying the brain’s behavior in situations of real-life complexity is crucial for an understanding of brain function as a whole. However, methodological difficulties and a general lack of public resources are hindering scientific progress in this domain. This channel will serve as a communication hub to collect relevant resources and curate knowledge about working paradigms, available resources, and analysis techniques.
Development of the Legal Status of the Armed Forces of the People´s Republic of China
Authors: Bevelikova Nelli , Troshchinskiy Pavel
Published: March 2015

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the main legislative acts that regulate the activities of the PRC armed forces, and of a number of political guideposts that determine the lines of the Chinese army development for the future. The authors touch upon the modern character of the Chinese defense sector, as well as legal issues of forming a new structure of the China’s industrial complex, which made the transition from the sectoral system of industry to the enterprise system of industry. The article identifies the dominant trends of governing the services of the armed forces, regions, main directorates and military research and educational institutions in China. Within the framework of this article, the authors emphasize the focus areas of the Chinese People´s Liberation Army modernization, the analysis of which permitted the authors to highlight the future vectors of the PRC military policy and its legal coverage.
Jurisdiction over Corporate Disputes of Arbitration Tribunals (to the Discussion on Draft Laws, Intended for Reforming Legislation on Arbitration Tribunals)
Authors: Gabov Andrey
Published: March 2015

Article is devoted to a discussion issue arbitrability corporate conflicts. The emphasis in the study made on the analysis of draft laws developed by the Ministry of Justice to reform the law on commercial arbitration. Article underlines that the establishment of the possibility of considering commercial arbitration corporate conflicts is possible only if certain conditions are met. In particular: a clear and unambiguous guidance on the law on which disputes are disputes corporate; strict compliance with the legal position of the Constitutional Court that the appeal to the Commercial Arbitration — a way of resolving civil disputes arising out of contractual freedom; the establishment of a special procedure in the law dealing with such disputes commercial arbitration, which takes into account the fact that the decision on a particular dispute may relate to an unlimited number of third parties, the participants of corporate relations. Indicates that the prepared draft laws can not be supported and requires full processing.
Current management of fistula-in-ano
Authors: Phillips J , Lees N , Arnall F
Published: March 2015

Anal fistulae management is a balance of effective healing and the risk of incontinence from sphincter division. This review examines the heterogeneity in the literature of treatment options and the difficulties this presents for surgical training and decision making.
Power tool injuries to the hand and wrist
Authors: Roushdi I , Cumberworth J , Harry LE , Rogers BA
Published: March 2015

Power tool injuries to the hand and wrist are complex injuries which can have a profound impact on the function of the patient. This article gives an overview of the principles, and provides a systematic approach, to the management and rehabilitation of the injured limb and patient required to minimize future disability.
Acute sarcoidosis: Löfgren's syndrome
Authors: Kirresh Othman , Schofield John , George Gerald
Published: March 2015

Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystem granulomatous inflammatory disorder. It can present acutely which is known as Löfgren's syndrome. The diagnosis may be missed if clinicians are not aware of its classic presenting features and the appropriate diagnostic investigations.
Conceptual framework for facilitating reflective practice by nurses in the clinical setting
Authors: Nelumbu Lucia , Pretorius Louise
Published: March 2015

Problems or incidents occurring in clinical settings are often seen as indicators of poor nursing care and even indicators of a lack of reflective practice skills. This paper presents the description of the conceptual framework to facilitate reflective practice for registered nurses in clinical settings. It focuses on the characteristics of the agent (lecturer as a facilitator) and recipients (registered nurses), the context of the clinical practice, the procedures for the facilitation of reflective practice and the terminus or the outcome of reflective practice as may they be demonstrated by quality nursing care for patients.
Estudo Comparativo em Três Municípios da Política de Inclusão Escolar na Percepção de Alunos com Deficiência Física
Authors: Andrade Emanuele Teixeira , Mendes Enicéia Gonçalves
Published: March 2015

Nos últimos anos, estudos relativos à eficiência e práticas embasadas em políticas de inclusão escolar têm apresentado resultados muitas vezes controversos além de enfocarem experiências singulares, incapazes de avaliar em larga escala o impacto de tais políticas educacionais nas escolas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar e comparar as barreiras encontradas pelos próprios alunos com deficiências físicas que estão sendo escolarizados em escolas comuns em três diferentes municípios. Os participantes foram 24 escolares com deficiências físicas, na faixa etária entre 7 a 16 anos, que frequentavam classes comuns do ensino regular de três diferentes municípios (A, B, e C). Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevistas para o contexto escolar elaborado por pesquisadores escoceses, traduzido e adaptado para a realidade brasileira. Os resultados indicaram as variações no número e tipos de barreiras, em função dos municípios, nos quais, em geral, as políticas foram bem avaliadas por esses alunos, considerando os 16 indicadores analisados. Entretanto, houve diferenças notáveis entre os três municípios, e mesmo no município mais bem avaliado a análise qualitativa dos relatos dos alunos permitiu identificar e exemplificar várias barreiras ainda existentes. Discute-se a importância da política de inclusão escolar de responsabilizar os sistemas para avançar removendo todas as barreiras identificadas pelos alunos e não apenas intervir naquelas que forem economicamente mais viáveis.
Atividades de Enriquecimento Escolar Como Estratégia Para Contribuir com a Inclusão Escolar dos Alunos com Altas Habilidades/Superdotação
Authors: Freitas Soraia Napoleão , Rech Andréia Jaqueline Devalle
Published: March 2015

Este artigo tem como finalidade discutir a inclusão escolar de alunos com altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/SD), tendo em vista que essa proposta é uma realidade presente na maioria das escolas brasileiras. No entanto, ainda busca-se uma efetiva inclusão escolar, que vai além da garantia de matrícula dos alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais (NEEs) na escola comum. Dessa forma, pretende-se que as políticas públicas desloquem seus esforços para a permanência desse aluno na escola com a devida qualidade de ensino e aprendizagem que este tem direito. Para colaborar com essa discussão será apresentada uma pesquisa que investigou a inclusão escolar de uma aluna com indicadores de AH/SD, matriculada nas séries iniciais de uma escola da rede pública, da cidade de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. A pesquisa configurou-se como qualitativa, descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso. Os dados foram coletados a partir da observação do cotidiano da sala de aula em que a aluna estava matriculada, contou também com atividades de enriquecimento escolar, além de entrevistas com a professora e os pais da aluna. Posteriormente a entrevista foi transcrita e os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva relacionando-os com as observações participantes que as pesquisadoras realizaram no ambiente escolar. Ao finalizar a pesquisa constatou-se que as estratégias pedagógicas que a professora utilizava não contribuíram para a inclusão escolar da aluna com indicadores de AH/SD. Infelizmente, esses dados revelam que a inclusão escolar desses alunos ainda tem um longo caminho pela frente, tendo em vista que muitos professores ainda não reconhecem que os alunos com AH/SD apresentam NEEs, por isso muitos ainda estão invisíveis nas salas de aulas.
Entre Políticas E Práticas: Os Desafios da Educação Inclusiva No Brasil
Authors: Pletsch Marcia Denise , Mendes Geovana Mendonça Lunardi
Published: March 2015

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar a segunda edição do Dossiê Educação Especial: diferenças, currículo e processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Discutimos as políticas e as práticas relativas à proposta de educação inclusiva no contexto da Educação Básica. Partimos da ideia de que estamos diante de uma política educacional global e, como tal, inúmeros movimentos locais são desencadeados em estados e municípios para implementá-la.
Role of Sintering Atmosphere and Synthesis Parameters on Electrical Conductivity of ZnO
Authors: Zhao Yu , Wang Jue , Huxtable Scott , Khodaparast Giti A. , Priya Shashank
Published: March 2015

ZnO-based compositions are of great interest for high-temperature thermoelectric applications. In this study, n-type Al-doped ZnO was sintered under varying atmospheres and the changes in electrical conductivity along with chemical defects were analyzed. The electrical conductivity of Al-doped ZnO (ZnO-Al) exhibited large variation from 10−5 to 103 S/cm as the sintering atmosphere was changed from air to nitrogen to vacuum. The low oxygen partial pressure assisted Al substitution in ZnO and increased the interstitial Zn, which increased the carrier concentration and improved the electrical conductivity. Using vacuum sintering, the electrical conductivity of ZnO was enhanced as the concentration of Al doping was increased from 1 to 3 at.%. Two sets of starting powders were used for sintering studies, one synthesized through the ball-milling and other through the sol–gel chemical synthesis. It was found that the Al substitution is improved by using chemically synthesized ZnO-Al powders.
Solvent screening for the fractionation of industrial kraft lignin
Authors: Duval Antoine , Vilaplana Francisco , Crestini Claudia , Lawoko Martin
Published: March 2015

The polydispersity of commercially available kraft lignins (KLs) is one of the factors limiting their applications in polymer-based materials. A prerequisite is thus to develop lignin fractionation strategies compatible with industrial requirements and restrictions. For this purpose, a solvent-based lignin fractionation technique has been addressed. The partial solubility of KL in common industrial solvents compliant with the requirements of sustainable chemistry was studied, and the results were discussed in relation to Hansen solubility parameters. Based on this screening, a solvent sequence is proposed, which is able to separate well-defined KL fractions with low polydispersity.
High-temperature Oxidation Resistance of Al2O3-Au Laminated Composite Coating Prepared on TiAl-based Alloy
Authors: Ma Xiaoxu , He Yedong , Wang Deren , Lin Junpin , Gao Wei
Published: March 2015

Novel composite coatings consist of Al
Effect of Temperature Dropping During Reheat Treatments on GTD-111 Microstructure
Authors: Wongnawapreechachai Piyapat , Hormkrajai Weerasak , Lothongkum Gobboon , Wangyao Panyawat
Published: March 2015

The general standard reheat treatment condition to refurbishment long-term serviced turbine blades, which are made of cast nickel based superalloy, GTD-111, is usually following by solution treatment at 1438 K, 1458 K and 1478 K for 10.8 to 14.4 ks, combination with primary aging at 1328 K for 3.6 ks, and secondary aging at 1118 K for 86.4 ks. However, in practical reheat treatment process, the change of temperature during any heat treating could occur accidentally any time. To simulate this effect, the droppings of temperatures during solution treatment were chosen and carried out to temperature level of 1118 K then heating again to the solution temperature levels. The temperature droppings (according to various programs) were performed during solution treatment. From the results, it was found that effect of temperature dropping during solution treatment greatly influenced the final rejuvenated microstructures.
Interaction Parameters in Metallic Solutions Estimated from Liquid Structure and the Heat of Solution at Infinite Dilution
Authors: Waseda Yoshio
Published: March 2015

The interaction parameters have been calculated for 120 ferrous alloy solutions using the pseudo-potential formalism coupled with the free energy of the hard sphere model. An agreement between calculation and experimental data appears to be reasonable with the 83%reliability in predicting the correct sign. The interaction parameters of oxygen in silicon melt were also estimated for 10 minor elements. The results, obtained only from some fundamental physical constants as inputs, are found to be useful in making qualitative discussion about the solubility of the desired element in metallic solutions.
Calculation of Activation Energy in Multiphase Reaction
Authors: Chou Kuo-Chih , Zhang Guo-Hua
Published: March 2015

Most of reactions in the metallurgy are heterogeneous that have a complicated mechanism, for which the kinetic treatment is complex. In general, one has to find the controlling step first, and based on which to derive the corresponding kinetic formula to describe the kinetic behavior. Currently, the most popular method to determine the controlling step is so called the Sharp method, that is, deriving a series of formulae based on different assumed controlling steps in a consecutive heterogeneous reaction, then comparing the experimental data with various kinds of formulae to decide which formula can meet the experiment data well, and from which to select the most suitable controlling step. Nevertheless, because all these formulae used in estimating the controlling step involve some unknown parameters, for instance, the Jander equation, Gingstling-Brounshtein equation, parabolic equation… etc. all involve an unknown parameter “
Effect of HIP Temperature on Microstructure and Creep Property of FGH95 Alloy
Authors: Xie Jun , Tian Su-Gui , Zhou Xiao-Ming
Published: March 2015

By means of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment, microstructure observation and creep properties measurement, the effects of the HIP temperatures on the microstructure and creep properties of FGH95 nickel-base superalloy are investigated. The results show that, when the HIP temperature is lower than solubility of
Effect of Grain Size on Oxidation Behavior of Fe-40Ni-15Cr Alloys
Authors: Cao Z. Q. , Sun Y. , Sun H. J.
Published: March 2015

Fe-40Ni-15Cr alloys with different grain size were prepared by powder metallurgy (PM) and mechanical alloying (MA) through hot pressing technique. Their oxidation behavior was examined at 1073–1173 K in 1.01
Oral health habits, attitudes and behaviors of Portuguese adolescents
Authors: Soares Luís Henrique Pedro , Assunção Victor Abreu , Soares Luís Luís Francisco
Published: March 2015

Purpose: Oral health has a profound impact on the health of adolescents. The aim of the present study was to obtain information on habits, knowledge and oral hygiene attitudes of Portuguese teenagers and to study the gender differences concerning these issues.

Methods: A total of 1203 adolescents participated in the study (55.8% females; mean age, 14.9 years). To recruit participants, a national network of community dental hygienists, working in the health centers, was created, and adolescents were contacted at the schools. A questionnaire was applied in the classroom, during school hours, under supervision of one researcher and the classroom teacher, after collection of informed consent forms.

Results: Portuguese adolescents do not seem to have dental fear but have some anxiety when at the dental office; girls are more anxious than boys. Girls are also more concerned with esthetics and aware of dental problems and care about oral health of family and friends. Parental supervision is more relevant for boys in order to obtain better compliance with dental care; however, 97.2% of the adolescents do not consider maintaining teeth throughout the lifetime as relevant.

Conclusion: Teenagers recognize dental professionals as educators and oral health as relevant in their lives. It is possible to assume that gender has an influence on adolescent’s habits, behavior and attitudes regarding oral hygiene. There is a difference between boys and girls concerning their habits, knowledge and attitudes in dental hygiene; this difference may show the need to create different strategies for oral health promotion for these two groups of adolescents.
Using UV photoaged photography to better understand Western Australian teenagers’ attitudes towards adopting sun-protective behaviors
Authors: Taylor Myra F. , Westbrook Dominique , Chang Paul
Published: March 2015

Background: This study aimed to determine whether the viewing of a personal photoaged photograph had the capacity to alter Western Australian teenagers’ pro-tanning attitudes.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifteen teenagers.

Findings: The teenagers’ pro-tanning attitudes prior to viewing their photoaged photograph are encapsulated in the study’s central theme: ‘You’ve got to look after your skin and use sunscreen, but I always forget!’. Post-viewing their photoaged facial image many teenagers reiterated their intentions to adopt (when they remembered) skin-protective measures. However, photoaged photography did not alter other teenagers’ intention to tan.

New knowledge: Teenagers who choose to continue to tan were aware of the long-term health risks associated with ultra-violet over-exposure. However, their desire remained strong to emulate the media promoted image of bronzed youth being popular individuals. Indeed, the social benefits of being considered attractive to their peers became an attitudinal barrier to the teenagers’ adoption of skin-protective behaviours. Those teenagers who changed their pro-tanning attitudes following their viewing of their ultra-violet photoaged photograph did so because of the shock they received when they saw their sun-damaged facial image. This suggests that photoageing photography can be effective with many adolescents because it reduces the cause-and-effect delay that exists between the occurrence of sun-damage and its visual presentation in later-life.

Conclusion: Greater effort needs to be focused on increasing teenagers’ understanding of how sun-damage occurs, when it is appropriate to apply sunscreen, as well as in changing the prevailing media image of an attractive body being a tanned body.
Flexible Regression Models for Rate Differences, Risk Differences and Relative Risks
Authors: Donoghoe Mark W. , Marschner Ian C.
Published: March 2015

Generalized additive models (GAMs) based on the binomial and Poisson distributions can be used to provide flexible semi-parametric modelling of binary and count outcomes. When used with the canonical link function, these GAMs provide semi-parametrically adjusted odds ratios and rate ratios. For adjustment of other effect measures, including rate differences, risk differences and relative risks, non-canonical link functions must be used together with a constrained parameter space. However, the algorithms used to fit these models typically rely on a form of the iteratively reweighted least squares algorithm, which can be numerically unstable when a constrained non-canonical model is used. We describe an application of a combinatorial EM algorithm to fit identity link Poisson, identity link binomial and log link binomial GAMs in order to estimate semi-parametrically adjusted rate differences, risk differences and relative risks. Using smooth regression functions based on B-splines, the method provides stable convergence to the maximum likelihood estimates, and it ensures that the estimates always remain within the parameter space. It is also straightforward to apply a monotonicity constraint to the smooth regression functions. We illustrate the method using data from a clinical trial in heart attack patients.
Making the Most of Simulated Learning: Understanding and Managing Perceptions
Authors: Livesay Karen , Lawrence Karen , Miller Clive
Published: March 2015

Increased emphasis on the use of simulation by nursing education providers is evident world-wide. It is unclear what the implications of this initiative are for academic staff within nursing programs. Programs report a range of responses to simulation pedagogy amongst faculty ranging from enthusiasm to avoidance. This study identified a wide range of concerns encapsulating the staff themselves, their concern for students as well as organisational considerations that impact staff perceptions.
Bovine colostrum: an emerging nutraceutical
Authors: Bagwe Siddhi , Tharappel Leo J.P. , Kaur Ginpreet , Buttar Harpal S.
Published: March 2015

Nutraceutical, a term combining the words “nutrition” and “pharmaceuticals”, is a food or food product that provides health benefits as an adjuvant or alternative therapy, including the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases in children and adults. There is emerging evidence that bovine colostrum (BC) may be one of the promising nutraceuticals which can prevent or mitigate various diseases in newborns and adults. Immunity-related disorders are one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. BC is rich in immunity, growth and antimicrobial factors, which promote tissue growth and the maturation of digestive tract and immune function in neonatal animals and humans. The immunoglobulins and lactoferrin present in colostrum are known to build natural immunity in newborns which helps to reduce the mortality rate in this population. Also, the side-effect profile of colostrum proteins and possible lactose intolerance is relatively less in comparison with milk. In general, BC is considered safe and well tolerated. Since colostrum has several important nutritional constituents, well-designed, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with colostrum products should be conducted to widen its therapeutic use. The objectives of this review are to create awareness about the nutraceutical properties of colostrum and to discuss the various ongoing alternative treatments of colostrum and its active ingredients as well as to address colostrum’s future nutraceutical and therapeutic implications in humans.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Buchholzia coriacea Engl. (Capparaceae) leaf extract: evaluation of components of the inflammatory response involved
Authors: Ezike Adaobi C. , Onyeto Collins A. , Nwabunike Ifeoma A. , Mbaoji Florence N. , Attah Blessing E. , Amanambu Stella O. , Okoli Charles O.
Published: March 2015

Background: Earlier studies in our laboratory demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity of Buchholzia coriacea Engl. (Capparaceae) leaf extract, a herbal remedy used to treat disorders of inflammation. This study was undertaken to evaluate its anti-inflammatory mechanism(s).

Methods: The effects of methanol leaf extract of B. coriacea (200 and 400 mg/kg) on vascular permeability and leukocyte migration were studied in rodents, while activity on complement system and membrane stabilization were evaluated in vitro.

Results: The extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) inhibited acetic acid-induced increase in vascular permeability in a non-dose-related manner and significantly (p<0.05) reduced the total and differential leukocyte counts, respectively, in a dose-related manner. It also significantly (p<0.05) inhibited complement-induced hemolysis of sheep red blood cells (40–72 %) and moderately inhibited heat- (6 %) and hypotonic solution-(24 %) induced hemolysis in vitro in a non-dose-related manner.

Conclusions: Results demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory activity of B. coriacea leaf extract is mediated through inhibition of increase in vascular permeability, leukocyte migration and complement system, and enhanced membrane stabilization.
Methoden der Wörterbuchbenutzungsforschung [Methods of research in dictionary use / Méthodes de la recherche sur l’utilisation des dictionnaires]
Authors: Müller-Spitzer Carolin
Published: March 2015

The methods utilized in the area of research into dictionary use are established research methods in the social sciences. After explicating the different steps of a typical empirical investigation, this article provides examples of how these different methods are used in various user studies conducted in the field of using online dictionaries. Thereby, different kinds of data collection (surveys as online questionnaires, log files and eye tracking) as well as different research design structures (for instance, ex-post-facto design or experimental design) are discussed.
Méthodes pour la représentation informatisée de données lexicales / Methoden der Speicherung lexikalischer Daten [Methods of saving lexical data]
Authors: Romary Laurent , Witt Andreas
Published: March 2015

In recent years, new developments in the area of lexicography have altered not only the management, processing and publishing of lexicographical data, but also created new types of products such as electronic dictionaries and thesauri. These expand the range of possible uses of lexical data and support users with more flexibility, for instance in assisting human translation.

In this article, we give a short and easy-to-understand introduction to the problematic nature of the storage, display and interpretation of lexical data. We then describe the main methods and specifications used to build and represent lexical data.

This paper is targeted for the following groups of people: linguists, lexicographers, IT specialists, computer linguists and all others who wish to learn more about the modelling, representation and visualization of lexical knowledge. This paper is written in two languages: French and German.
Methoden der Übersetzungswissenschaft und der zweisprachigen Lexikographie [Methods of translation science and bilingual lexicography / Méthodes en traductologie et lexicographie bilingue]
Authors: Bielińska Monika
Published: March 2015

The objective of the present paper is to examine methods used in both translation studies and bilingual lexicography. The starting point of the analysis is a description of the close relationship between translation and bilingual dictionaries and of the role these dictionaries, also known as translating dictionaries, play in the translation process. This is followed by the examination of the status of translation studies and lexicography, methods which they employ as well as their relations to neighbouring (sub)disciplines. It is these interrelations that result in the multitude and diversity of the methods as these are for the most part taken over from the related fields of science.

The most important concept common for the two investigated fields, i.e. translation studies and lexicography, is equivalence, on which issue the author concentrates in the ensuing part of the paper as she analyses methods of establishing the equivalence between the units of the source and target language.
Why relevance theory is relevant for lexicography
Authors: Bothma Theo J. D. , Tarp Sven
Published: March 2015

This article starts by providing a brief summary of relevance theory in information science in relation to the function theory of lexicography, explaining the different types of relevance, viz. objective system relevance and the subjective types of relevance, i.e. topical, cognitive, situational, socio-cognitive and affective relevance. It then shows, at the hand of examples, why relevance is important from a user perspective in the extra-lexicographical pre- and post-consultation phases and in the intra-lexicographical consultation phase. It defines an additional type of subjective relevance that is very important for lexicography as well as for information science, viz. functional relevance. Since all lexicographic work is ultimately aimed at satisfying users’ information needs, the article then discusses why the lexicographer should take note of all these types of relevance when planning a new dictionary project, identifying new tasks and responsibilities of the modern lexicographer. The article furthermore discusses how relevance theory impacts on teaching dictionary culture and reference skills. By integrating insights from lexicography and information science, the article contributes to new ideas for both disciplines.
Ln-Ag heterometallic coordination polymers
Authors: Fang Ming , Zhao Bin
Published: March 2015

The last few years have seen an increasing interest in the study of lanthanide-silver (Ln-Ag) heterometallic coordination polymers due to their potential applications. It has led to intense activity of chemists to produce Ln-Ag heterometallic coordination polymers and investigate their properties. In this review, we summarize recent research development in the fascinating and challenging field of Ln-Ag heterometallic coordination polymers. This review covers 182 Ln-Ag heterometallic coordination polymers, which are categorized by the kind of ligand as N-heterocyclic carboxylate ligands and others. There are three categories of Ln-Ag coordination polymer based on N-heterocyclic carboxylate ligands: one dimensional (1D), 2D, and 3D. The 3D part was divided into Ln-Ag coordination polymers based on pyridine carboxylate ligands and other N-heterocyclic carboxylate ligands. This perspective illustrates the coordination features of compounds constructed by N-heterocyclic carboxylate ligands. Luminescent properties are also discussed.
Moment based estimation of supOU processes and a related stochastic volatility model
Authors: Stelzer Robert , Tosstorff Thomas , Wittlinger Marc
Published: March 2015

After a quick review of superpositions of OU (supOU) processes, integrated supOU processes and the supOU stochastic volatility model we estimate these processes by using the generalized method of moments (GMM). We show that the GMM approach yields consistent estimators and that it works very well in practice. Moreover, we discuss the influence of long memory effects.
El Movimiento Estudiantil Profesional (MEP)
Authors: Pensado Jaime M.
Published: March 2015

Este ensayo ofrece una mirada al proceso de radicalización de uno de los grupos católicos juveniles más activos en México durante el periodo de la Guerra Fría: el MEP (Movimiento Estudiantil Profesional). La evolución del pensamiento de este pequeño grupo resulta de particular importancia, porque si bien en su primera etapa surgió como un movimiento sumamente anticomunista, luego transitó hacia un pensamiento más progresista que, de manera similar a otros grupos latinoamericanos, culminó en una tercera etapa de radicalización y acercamiento a los sectores más militantes de la Nueva Izquierda.

This essay offers a glimpse into the process of radicalization of one of the most active young Catholic groups in Mexico during the Cold War: The MEP (Professional Student Movement). The evolution of thought of this small group is of particular importance, because although in its first stage it emerged as a highly anticommunist movement, it then transitioned to more progressive thinking which, similar to other Latin American groups of this kind, culminated in a third stage of radicalization approaching the most militant sections of the New Left.
In Mexico’s Defense
Authors: Kiddle Amelia M.
Published: March 2015

This article examines Mexican diplomacy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and argues that a transnational code of honor rooted in the practice of dueling governed diplomats’ behavior. It demonstrates that, in spite of domestic reforms that exalted the incorporation of the masses and the empowerment of women in revolutionary Mexico, diplomats continued to participate in the diplomatic culture of dueling—both actual and journalistic—that feminized the nation and perpetuated patriarchy within the diplomatic corps.

Este artículo examina la diplomacia mexicana a fines del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX y en el que se argumenta que un código transnacional de honor enraizado en la práctica de duelo gobernó el comportamiento de los diplomáticos. Demuestra que, además de las reformas domésticas que exaltaron la incorporación de las masas y el empoderamiento de las mujeres en México revolucionario, los diplomáticos siguieron participando en la cultura diplomática del duelo—tanto real como periodístico—que feminizó la nación y perpetuó el patriarcado dentro del cuerpo diplomático.
Аналіз методик дослідження середовищетвірної активності птахів
Authors: Vovk M. V.
Published: March 2015

Проаналізовано методики, використання яких доцільне при дослідженні колоніальних поселень птахів. На прикладі сірої чаплі описано методики вивчення просторової структури популяції та її впливу на біогеоценоз. Запропоновано методики, оптимальні для проведення комплексних зооекологічних досліджень.
Аловиди гризунів групи Sicista «betulina»: просторові взаємини з огляду на концепцію лімітувальної схожості
Authors: Zagorodniuk I. V.
Published: March 2015

Досліджено просторові взаємини «малих» видів групи Sicista betulina на території Східної Європи. Показано, що ці види характеризуються ареалами, які не перекриваються. Нові знахідки підтверджують думку про суцільний ареал S. strandi від Східноруської височини до Передкавказзя. Межа між видами проходить вододілом між Окським та Донським басейнами. Показано відповідність парапатрії до низького рівня екоморфологічної диференціації видів. Хатчин­сонівське відношення для всього комплексу краніометричних ознак аловидів складає лише 1,03 з максимумом 1,13. За екстер’єрними ознаками в симпатричних парах HR = 1,37. Загалом у групі «малих» видів Sicista широка симпатрія має місце лише у цитогенетично найбільш диференційованих форм, які замикають коло strandi–betulina–subtilis–severtzovi. Усі дані свідчать про збіг рівнів екоморфологічної та цитогенетичної диференціації дослідженої групи ссавців.
Вплив накопичення важких металів на біохімічні особливості мікромамалій
Authors: Zemlianyj O. A.
Published: March 2015

Розглянуто вплив техногенного забруднення на вміст білка та ліпідів у організмі дрібних ссавців із різних за ступенем трансформації екосистем. Встановлено, що відбувається збільшення їх вмісту в органах, які найактивніше задіяні в метаболізмі.
Середовищеочищувальна роль Platanus orientalis у насадженнях санітарно-гігієнічного призначення
Authors: Kapelyush N. V. , Bessonova V. P.
Published: March 2015

Подано аналіз повітроочищувальної ролі платанів (Platanus orientalis L.) в умовах забруднення навколишнього середовища. Дослідження показали достатньо високу здатність платанів до очищення повітря від сполук сірки, фтору, хлору та фенолів.
Взаємозв’язок життєздатності гусениць шовковичного шовкопряда (Bombyx mori) з електромагнітними складовими середовища
Authors: Litvin V. M.
Published: March 2015

Досліджено взаємозв’язки життєздатності гусениць шовковичного шовкопряда із природними електромагнітними полями. На великому статистичному матеріалі, отриманому в Інституті шовківництва УААН за 50 років, показано, що геомагнітна активність незначно впливає на життєздатність популяцій гусениць (4,7 %). Найвищі показники життєздатності гусениць спостерігаються у роки з високим рівнем геомагнітної активності.
Пространственная структура информационного поля крота (Talpa europaea) в лесных экосистемах
Authors: Mikheyev А. V.
Published: March 2015

Подано результати досліджень інформаційного поля крота у степових лісах південно-східної України. Надано оцінку кількісних параметрів сукупностей слідів життєдіяльності крота та їх просторової структури у різних типах лісових біогеоценозів.
Оцінка стану примагістральних територій за зміною основних характеристик цвітіння деяких декоративних квітникових рослин
Authors: Pryimak О. P.
Published: March 2015

Досліджено основні характеристики цвітіння деяких декоративних квітникових рослин за умов забруднення довкілля інгредієнтами автотранспортних викидів. Виявлено, що найінформативнішим тест-показником на примагістральних територіях є кількість квіток (суцвіть) на одній рослині. Запропоновано використовувати як тест-об’єкти Petunia × hybrida та Salvia splendens.
Фізико-хімічні та морфологічні властивості ґрунтів північної технозони м. Кременчук
Authors: Saranenko I. I. , Tsvetkova N. N. , Dubina A. A.
Published: March 2015

З’ясовано, що природний ґрунтовий покрив на більшій частині технозони знищений або значно змінений: спостерігається переущільнення, перемішування майже всіх горизонтів ґрунтового профілю. Вміст антропогенних включень становить 25–50 %. На основі отриманих результатів та із використанням класифікації міських ґрунтів встановлені підтипи ґрунтів: індустроземи, культуроземи, ристоземи, урбодернові ґрунти.
Реакция незрелых зародышей кукурузы в культуре in vitro на длительное воздействие холода
Authors: Satarova T. M. , Strunin D. E. , Galushchak P. N.
Published: March 2015

Вивчено вплив тривалої дії низької позитивної температури на ізольовані незрілі зародки різних генотипів кукурудзи при їх зберіганні в умовах in vitro. Показано можливість одержання життєздатних зелених проростків після тримісячного зберігання зародків на холоді. Порівнюється здатність до проростання за даних умов зародків ліній та гібридів F2. Розглядаються перспективи подальших досліджень для з’ясування умов ефективного зберігання ізольованих незрілих зародків і отримання з них життєздатних проростків.
Влияние свойств подстилки на формирование почв пойменных лесов среднего Днепра
Authors: Solov’yov V. S.
Published: March 2015

Узагальнено сучасний стан лісових біогеоценозів заплави середньої течії Дніпра на прикладі Дніпровсько-Орільського природного заповідника. Наведено дані про якісні зміни рівня трофності ґрунтів у ході сукцесій лісової рослинності заплави Дніпра
Fenomenología de la fe y antropología en Edith Stein: En miras de una pedagogía empática
Authors: Céspedes Solís Pablo
Published: March 2015

El presente trabajo aborda los contextos históricos y filosóficos de principios de siglo XX en Europa, particularmente Alemania, para comprender la vida, obra y pensamiento de Edith Stein (santa Teresa Benedicta de la Cruz). Se hará un análisis primordial de su obra en torno a la antropología filosófica, la fenomenología de la fe y la pedagogía. Se pretende hacer una reflexión que busque los posibles aportes de esta pensadora a las ciencias sociales y las letras latinoamericanas.
Lesiones al gobierno y organización universitarios
Authors: Baudrit Carrillo Luis
Published: March 2015

Este ensayo aborda la historia reciente del delicado tema de la autonomía universitaria y los atentados que ha sufrido este principio constitucional en los últimos años.
Presentación
Authors: Ocampo Álvarez Ángel
Published: March 2015

En este Volumen de la Revista humanidades, el lector encontrará el material estructurado en cuatro unidades.
In-Vivo Assessment of Tissue Compatibility and Calcification of Bulk and Porous Silicon
Authors: Bowditch A P , Waters K , Gale H , Rice P , Scott E A M , Canham L T , Reeves C L , Loni A , Cox. T I
Published: March 2015

The compatibility of both bulk and porous silicon at the subcutaneous site has been assessed for the first time, following ISO standard procedures. The in-vivo responses to implantation were monitored in the guinea pig and histopathological reactions evaluated at 1, 4, 12 and 26 weeks. Attention is focused here on the histological assessment protocols used, and the results demonstrating in-vivo evidence for good tissue compatibility, and porous Si bioactivity with regards calcification.
The use of tunnels to development of transport in mountain areas
Authors: Tajduś Antoni , Tajduś Krzysztof
Published: March 2015

The article presents several possibilities of using tunnels to solve traffic problems in the area of
the Polish mountains. So far, in contrast to other countries in Europe and the World in Poland
this kind of solution are benefited reluctantly. However, in the longer term, tunnels construction
in conjunction with flyovers are cheaper solutions, safer and considerably reduce the negative
impact of transport on the environment. The situation is beginning to change and recently in
Poland increases interest in the underground construction, particularly tunnels in mountainous
areas are observed. This paper describes the newly built tunnel in Laliki and planned to build
tunnels in the area of Lubień, Poronin, Krynica-Zdrój, Jordanów and Węgierska Górka.
Common Agricultural Policy towards the development of mountain areas
Authors: Czekaj Marta , Żmija Janusz
Published: March 2015

Mountain areas due to their specific character should be managed in that way, which delivers people from rural areas appropriate income, what enable preserving and maintaining social
tradition, unique features of environment and cultural landscapes. Mountain areas and every
activity connected with them are part of national heritage.
Maintain sustainable development of mountain areas requires continue of agricultural production and assuring appropriate economic conditions. Hence dwellers of mountain areas should
have opportunity to earn in nonagricultural sources.
Development of mountain areas connected only with agricultural production would lead to the
impoverishment of the local population. Hence to counteract this process, it is necessary to assure direct payments for farmers, and at the same time expand nonagricultural function of this
region. It is necessary to enrich rural areas in the mountains by creating a diversity of natural
and cultural landscape. And although may it be a conflict between the objectives of conservation
and agricultural activity, it seems that they could be overcome against the benefits which such
cooperation can bring people in mountain areas.
Climate policy of the European Union and Polish labour market
Authors: Godlewska-Dzioboń Bianka
Published: March 2015

For many years the European Union has been taking ambitious actions as a part of climate policy
and the related greenhouse gasses emission limitations, which are based on the will to become
the world leader. These actions are also taken in Poland, as a part of restructuration of the main
sectors of economy. Further transformation of Polish economy seems inevitable, especially tak�ing into account the outside conditions and the market economy tendencies. However it is im�portant for the transformations not to cause real threats for Polish economy, but to be used in
a way that would create new opportunities and competitive advantages, as well as the increase
effectiveness of management and work efficiency. The article aims to present costs related to giv�ing up on conventional energy and increasing the usage of renewable energy sources, and their
impact on Polish job market.
Role of cable transport in the management and development of the mountain areas
Authors: Olszyna Grzegorz , Rokita Tomasz , Tytko Andrzej , Wójcik Marian
Published: March 2015

Cable transport has been used for a long time to move people in difficult terrain, mostly mountainous. Since the beginning of the 20th century, this means of transport is inextricably linked
to mountain tourism, especially skiing. Cable cars and ski lifts have become the only means of
transport for skiers in ski resorts.
The article describes the development of cable transport in mountain areas and the benefits that
followed. It also presents two examples of ski resorts, which had a significant contribution to
development of tourism and skiing in mountain areas.
Narrow-gauge railway between Krościenko, Szczawnica, Piwniczna, Stara Lubovla as an instrument of sustainable development and integration for tourist municipalities in Poland and Slovakia
Authors: Rudnicki Andrzej , Tułecki Adam
Published: March 2015

The paper describes the project of European initiative EUREKA “Ecological mountain railway
as an element of the sustainable development of a tourist region in Poland” joining the spas
of Piwniczna with Szczawnica. After presentation of the project scope and the partners, the
municipalities which serves and links planned narrow-gauge railway have been characterized.
Reflection of an idea for the railway in the existing strategic and planning documents has been
identified. Functions of the railway and its situational and altitude alignment of its route are
specified. The vehicles of the railway and the rules and examples for creating of schedules are
generally characterized. The rules for construction of prognostic passenger flows by rail are described and selected results are quoted. The conclusions from the analysis of the environmental
impact of the railway and the result of financial and economic analysis are presented. List of the
expected main effects of the project and its potential impact on the development of transport
technology is given. An idea of enlargement the territorial scope of the narrow-gauge railway
project with proposal for its internationalization is presented. This includes extension of the
route from the Szczawnica spa to the Krościenko spa and the branch route from the Obidza
pass to the Stara Lubovna town in Slovakia. For this purpose an initiative will be taken to apply
a research project of the European Union.
Polityka podatkowa Francji – wybrane problemy
Authors: Ciuman Krystyna
Published: March 2015

This article discusses the following aspects of tax policy in France:– the macroeconomic situation and the public finances,– the characteristics of tax revenues,– problems associated with France’s tax policy.