bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lixiviação de nutrientes provenientes de águas residuárias em colunas de solo cultivado com soja
Authors: Caovilla Franciele A. , Sampaio Silvio C. , Pereira Joaquim O. , Boas Márcio A. Vilas , Gomes Benedito M. , Figueirêdo Adriana de C.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Avaliou-se a lixiviação de nutrientes em colunas de solo proveniente de área irrigada com água residuária de suinocultura, cultivada com soja. Após aplicação da respectiva água residuária, em quatro concentrações (0% - T1, 25% - T2, 50% - T3 e 75% - T4), coletaram-se amostras de solo, correspondentes aos níveis de concentração, para compor colunas em tubos de aço inox com 7,0 cm de diâmetro para os ensaios de lixiviação. Em todas as colunas, foram instalados permeâmetros de carga constante utilizando garrafas de Mariotte. Através da construção de curvas de eluição avaliou-se a dinâmica de lixiviação dos seguintes parâmetros químicos: nitrogênio total, nitrogênio amoniacal, nitrato, fósforo, potássio, sais totais mediante condutividade elétrica e pH. Os resultados mostraram que a metodologia usada foi adequada apenas para o nitrato, potássio e sais totais. Em todos os tratamentos o nitrato apresentou maior mobilidade no processo de lixiviação, seguido dos sais totais e do potássio. De modo geral, as maiores concentrações de nitrato, potássio e sais totais nos lixiviados foram observados no tratamento de maior concentração de água residuária.
Avaliação de diferentes níveis de salinidade da água utilizada na produção de forragem hidropônica de milho
Authors: Amorim Daniella M.B. , Notaro Ítalo A. , Furtado Dermeval A. , Gheyi Hans R. , Baracuhy José G. V.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Objetivou-se neste trabalho, analisar a produção de forragem hidropônica de milho, utilizando-se águas com diferentes concentrações de sais, quais sejam: água dessalinizada (0,081 dS m-1), água do abastecimento urbano da cidade de Campina Grande, PB (0,8 dS m-1) e águas salinas com condutividade elétrica de 3,5 e 6,5 dS m-1, respectivamente. Os sistemas de cultivo foram usados em canaleta de fibra de vidro revestida de lonas plásticas, com inclinação de 2%, montadas na casa de vegetação do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola da UFCG. Constataramse reduções de altura e de produção de forragem de milho, aos quinze dias do plantio, com o aumento da salinidade da água; a composição química da forragem só foi afetada no nível de salinidade de 6,5 dS m-1 com baixo consumo de água; é possível a produção de forragem hidropônica de milho com uso de águas salinas.
Crescimento e desenvolvimento de duas variedades de bananeira irrigadas sob estresse salino
Authors: Alves Allan N. , Soares Frederico A. L. , Silva Francisco V. da , Gheyi Hans R. , Fernandes Pedro D. , Oliveira Fabio H. T. de , Travassos Kaline D.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Sabendo-se que os efeitos da salinidade variam entre espécies, entre variedades de uma mesma espécie e entre estádios de desenvolvimento de um mesmo genótipo, realizaram-se dois experimentos de campo, com as variedades Prata Anã e Grand Naine irrigadas com águas de diferentes salinidades, para se avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas durante o primeiro ciclo de produção. As avaliações foram realizadas em intervalos de 45 dias. O crescimento das plantas variou entre as variedades e ao longo do tempo, excetuando-se a área foliar total, o diâmetro do pseudocaule e a fitomassa seca da folha quando foi utilizada água de baixa salinidade. A Prata Anã foi mais tolerante à salinidade que a Grand Naine.
Índice diário de estresse hídrico do feijoeiro irrigado com água salina
Authors: Oliveira Flávio G. , Ferreira Paulo A. , Santos Delfran B. dos , Garcia Giovanni de O.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Objetivando determinar a produção relativa do feijoeiro cv. Talismã, em função do índice diário de estresse hídrico (WSDI), realizou-se um experimento em lisímetros de drenagem, sob ambiente protegido, no campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG. Em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, os tratamentos consistiram de sete frações de lixiviação, equivalentes a 40, 31, 25, 23, 16, 14 e 3% da lâmina de água de irrigação sendo que, para a fração de lixiviação de 3% usou-se água doce (0,07 dS m-1) e, para os demais, água salina (2,0 dS m-1), e três repetições. O feijoeiro cv. Talismã mostrou-se sensível à salinidade, entretanto, a melhor eficiência de uso de água, em condição salina, foi para fração de lixiviação de 31% e, em geral, a eficiência diminuiu com a redução das frações de lixiviação; o WSDI é eficaz para se determinar a produção relativa do feijoeiro sob condições de salinidade do solo.
Crescimento e fotossíntese de plantas jovens de cajueiro anão precoce sob estresse salino
Authors: Bezerra Marlos A. , Lacerda Claudivan F. de , Prisco José T. , Gomes Filho Enéas
Published: August 2021

Resumo Objetivando estudar a resposta de plantas jovens de cajueiro anão precoce à salinidade, mudas enxertadas foram irrigadas com soluções salinas de diferentes condutividades elétricas, aplicadas diretamente no ambiente radicular ou sobre as folhas. Os valores da condutividade elétrica da água de drenagem ou do lixiviado praticamente dobraram em relação àqueles da condutividade elétrica das soluções salinas, independentemente do modo de aplicação da irrigação. Os conteúdos foliares de Na+ e Cl- aumentaram com a elevação da salinidade da água de irrigação, com maior expressividade nas plantas irrigadas sobre as folhas. Os valores de área foliar e matéria seca foliar nas plantas irrigadas via foliar decresceram com o aumento da salinidade na água de irrigação; além disso, com o aumento da salinidade observou-se redução linear nos valores de fotossíntese líquida. Os efeitos deletérios da salinidade foram mais conspícuos quando a solução de irrigação foi aplicada sobre as folhas e as mudas enxertadas parecem aclimatar-se melhor ao estresse salino quando este é aplicado apenas no sistema radicular.
AUTOEFICÁCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO MÉDICA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Costa Filho José de Oliveira , Murgo Camélia Santina , Franco Aline Fonseca
Published: August 2021

A autoeficácia é descrita como importante fator influenciador do comportamento humano, ligada à motivação e ao desempenho, sendo relevante sua análise no contexto da educação e, nesse sentido, objetivou-se realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a autoeficácia na educação médica nacional e internacional, nos últimos cinco anos, com o propósito de analisar os principais fatores que impactam a autoeficácia nesse contexto. Foi utilizada metodologia PRISMA, com recorte temporal de 2015 a 2020, empregando os descritores combinados: “autoeficácia” e “medicina”, em 04 bases de dados, nos idiomas português, espanhol e inglês, sendo selecionados 20 estudos. Os principais objetivos foram separados em 05 categorias: analisar a autoeficácia de estudantes quanto ao uso de diferentes metodologias de ensino; avaliar autoeficácia docente no uso de metodologias ativas; verificar correlação entre autoeficácia e fatores emocionais na educação; avaliar autoeficácia de estudantes em tarefa específica e sua correlação com o desempenho e correlacionar autoeficácia, motivação e aprendizagem autorregulada. Concluiu-se que os trabalhos foram concordantes em qualificar a autoeficácia como importante construto a ser analisado na educação médica, correlacionado ao bom estado emocional, ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de aprendizagem e ao maior desempenho, além de apontar o impacto do tipo de feedback na formação da autoeficácia. Quanto à metodologia de ensino, não foi possível confirmar qual o método mais favorável ao fortalecimento da autoeficácia, considerando que outros fatores podem estar envolvidos.
A Study of Crinio-facial Measurement (Biparietal Diameter) of Fetus by Ultrasonography in Different Age Group of The Tribal Population of Jharkhand
Authors:   Tutor, Department of Anatomy, The Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Bariatu, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India., Bobby Annu , Prasad Rahul ,   Associate Professor, Department of Eye, The Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Bariatu, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The pregnancy cannot be dated accurately by clinical evaluation alone. Sonography is a useful and an accurate tool for estimation of the gestational age. Biparietal diameter is one the robust method of the basic biometric parameter used to assess fetal size and age. Aims and objective: The aim of this study was to collect data on craniofacial measurement of fetuses of the different age group by Ultrasonography at RIMS, Ranchi and to correlate its relationship with the different fetal age group. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 100 pregnant women who gave definite history of their last menstrual period and 100 pregnant women who were not able to give definite history of their last menstrual period, in the tribal population of Jharkhand. The cases were selected from antenatal clinic of out-patients department of obstetrics and gynecology of RIMS, Ranchi. The ultrasonography was done by Dept of Radiology, RIMS, Ranchi. Discussion: In obstetrics the duration of pregnancy is calculated by the first day of the last menstrual period at present study standard variation of gestation age base on L M P when the pregnancy cannot be date accurately alone by clinical evaluation alone. Sonography is accepted as the most useful and accurate tool for estimating gestational age. BPD diameter was measured by ultrasonography and along with clinical findings, average gestational age was determined. Conclusion: Sonography is accepted as the most useful and accurate tool for estimating gestational age in those pregnant women who were not able to give definitive history of last menstrual period. Our study showed that the Growth rate of fetal BPD increases progressively as the fetal age increase in early weeks of pregnancy whereas growth is slow in later weeks of pregnancy, our study also showed that measurement of Biparietal diameter is a useful criterion to predict GA & determining EDD. KEY WORD: Pregnancy, Gestational age (GA), Biparietal diameter (BPD), Ultrasonography (USG), Expected date of delivery (EDD).
Morphological Study of Splenic Notches and Fissures
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurantakam Taluk, Chengalpet Dt, Tamilnadu, India., selvi A.Thamarai , Infant Vincy. V Precila ,   Post graduate, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurantakam Taluk, Chengalpet Dt, Tamilnadu, India., T. L. Anbumani  ,   Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Anatomy. Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurantakam Taluk, Chengalpet Dt, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Spleen is the largest and secondary lymphoid organ in humans. It has two ends: Anterior and Posterior end. Two surfaces: Visceral and Diaphragmatic surfaces. Three borders: Superior, Inferior and Intermediate. Spleen begins to develop during the 5th week of intra-uterine life from a mass of mesenchymal cells, originating in the dorsal mesogastrium as a localized thickening of coelomic epithelium. The spleen is lobulated in foetus but the lobules normally disappear before birth. The imperfect fusion of splenic masses during embryonic life results in an accessory spleen. The spleen plays a vital role in regard to blood storage, formation of lymphocyte and defense against foreign particles. Materials and methods: The study was carried out in 50 formalin fixed spleen from the Department of Anatomy, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurantakam Taluk, Chengalpet Dt, Tamilnadu, India. Results: Out of 50 spleens, Wedge shape is seen in 33 spleens, Triangular shape is observed in 5 spleens, tetrahedral in 7 spleens, oval shape in 3 spleens, and dome-shaped in 2 spleen. The splenic notches were observed in the superior border in 44 spleens (88%) and notch seen in the inferior border in 4 spleens (8%) and the absence of a notch in both the superior and inferior border noted in 2 spleens (4%). The number of notches on the superior border is from 1 to 4 and the number of notches on the inferior border is 1. Fissures noted in 8 spleens (16%). In 5 specimens fissures extended to reach the visceral surface. Conclusion: The presence of abnormal fissures and lobes of the spleen might confuse the radiologists. Abnormal lobulation might cause misinterpretation as mass originating from the kidney. It is essential for surgeons and radiologists to be aware of the splenic variations. KEY WORDS: splenic surfaces, shapes, notches, fissures.
AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DA COLETA SELETIVA EM MUNICÍPIOS DE PEQUENO PORTE – ESTUDO DE CASO DA CIDADE DE IRATI (PR)
Authors: Schirmer Waldir Nagel , Less Felipe Ramon , Carneiro Jr. Boanerges , Agassi Joenilson Daniel , Barbara Rozenilda Romaniw , Balbinot Rafaelo
Published: August 2021

Em geral, o gerenciamento do lixo urbano vem sendo realizado de forma precária pelas administrações municipais brasileiras. Porém, segundo o IBGE, vem se verificando uma forte tendência de melhora na situação de destinação final do lixo coletado no país nos últimos anos. A geração de resíduos depende de vários fatores tais como nível cultural, hábito de consumo, renda, clima, sexo e idade da população e a sua redução está atrelada a um programa de gerenciamento com base em três aspectos: redução na fonte, reutilização e reciclagem. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal a implantação de um programa de coleta seletiva em todo o quadro urbano da cidade de Irati (PR) através da Associação de Catadores do Município. A proposta de implantação da coleta seletiva foi dividida em duas etapas: logística e educação ambiental, ambas já sendo cumpridas. Nos doze primeiros meses de programa, os resultados mostraram um aumento considerável no volume de material coletado desde o início do programa, atingindo 11,5% do material gerado na cidade proporcionando emprego fixo e renda para 24 catadores de papéis que até então trabalhavam informalmente nas ruas da cidade. Com base no total arrecadado ao longo desses 12 meses iniciais, conclui-se que a economia pode chegar a 420 mil reais, caso todo o material arrecadado seja utilizado como matéria prima na fabricação de novos materiais.
QUALIDADE DO AR INTERNO EM AMBIENTES CLIMATIZADOS – VERIFICAÇÃO DOS PARAMETROS FÍSICOS E CONCENTRAÇÃO DE DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO EM AGÊNCIA BANCÁRIA
Authors: Schirmer Waldir Nagel , Szymanski Mariani Silvia Ester , Gauer Mayara Ananda
Published: August 2021

A presença de poluentes químicos e biológicos no ar interno de estabelecimentos públicos cria condições que podem comprometer a saúde e produtividade dos funcionários. Assim, estes estabelecimentos necessitam de sistemas de climatização bem projetados, que forneçam taxas de ventilação adequadas para garantir o conforto e bem-estar de seus ocupantes, bem como a assepsia dos ambientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade do ar interno (QAI) de um banco da região centro-sul do Paraná, através da verificação dos parâmetros físicos de conforto (temperatura, umidade relativa e velocidade do ar) e das concentrações de dióxido de carbono, seguindo-se a metodologia recomendada pela Resolução n° 09 da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Os resultados obtidos permitiram afirmar que a QAI dos ambientes estudados está comprometida, já que alguns dos parâmetros avaliados apresentaram valores superiores aos recomendados pela referida norma. As altas concentrações de CO2 obtidas nestes ambientes podem ser justificadas pela falta de renovação de ar, uma vez que, os aparelhos de climatização destes ambientes são desprovidos desta função. Sugere-se que, para que se verifiquem melhorias na QAI, efetuem-se mudanças nos sistemas de climatização, fazendo-se uso daqueles projetados especialmente para tais tipos de ambientes e que contemplem a renovação do ar a taxas aceitáveis pela legislação vigente.
TRATAMENTO DO LIXIVIADO DE ATERRO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS POR PROCESSO FENTON
Authors: Maus Victor Wegner , Da Costa Adilson Ben , Righes Afranio Almir
Published: August 2021

O lixiviado gerado em aterros sanitários pela decomposição dos resíduos sólidos com presença de água de infiltração possui grande potencial poluidor, devido à elevada concentração de substâncias tóxicas e a sua baixa biodegradabilidade. A coagulação química pode ser uma alternativa para o tratamento de efluentes com essas características. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do processo Fenton no tratamento de lixiviado gerado em aterros sanitários de resíduos sólidos urbanos. As amostras de lixiviado foram coletadas no aterro controlado do município de Santa Maria – RS. No experimento foram testados cinco tratamentos com diferentes proporções de reagentes (H2O2 e FeSO4) TH2O2/FeSO4: T0,8, T2,0, T3,0, T4,0 e T6,0. Pelos resultados do experimento com processo Fenton verifica-se uma eficiência média na remoção da demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) de 47,9%, na turbidez de 53,0% e na cor de 70,7%. Os valores médios da demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO) e da condutividade elétrica aumentaram em 31,3% e 27,1%, respectivamente. No tratamento T0,8 constatou-se a maior remoção da DQO e o maior aumento da biodegradabilidade. O processo Fenton aplicado no tratamento de lixiviado reduz a DQO e aumenta a DBO, em outras palavras, aumenta a biodegradabilidade do efluente. Esse processo pode ser utilizado como pré-tratamento de um sistema biológico para efluentes de aterros sanitários.
Efficacy of botulinum toxin for treating cramps in peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Mehta Tejas , Sommers Richard , Govindarajan Raghav
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Introduction:

Muscle cramps are a common occurrence in patients with peripheral neuropathy and are known to cause significant distress and decrease the quality of life. Although several drug formulations have been used in the management of cramps, there is significant variability in terms of efficacy and tolerability in patients with peripheral neuropathy. This study aims to assess the efficacy of botulinum toxin A in the management of lower limb cramps in patients with peripheral neuropathy.

 

Methods:

This retrospective chart review included a total of ten patients with peripheral neuropathy with cramps. Relevant data such as age, gender, race, pain score and cause of peripheral neuropathy were documented. Statistical analyses to compare the variables was done using the Wilcoxon Test. The pain score before the administration, at 3-month, 6 month and 9 months follow up were compared.

 

Results

All patients enrolled in the study showed improvement of pain assessed by visual pain analog scale. An improvement of 1.60 (95%CI, p<0.05), 2.70 (95%CI, p<0.05) and 3.50 (95%CI, p=0.05) was noted between test scores from before administration of botulinum toxin to 3-month, 6 months and 9 months follow up with a range of 6, 4 and 4 respectively.

 

Conclusion:

Local BTX-A infiltration is a likely efficacious and safe procedure for improving pain associated with cramps in patients with peripheral neuropathy.
Shame and State of The Self and Its Implications for Technique
Authors: Ricci Walter
Published: August 2021

The author reflects on the vicissitudes of the state of the self as it unfolds during the analytical encounter. He delineates the presence and the ubiquity of shame during the interaction between patient and analyst. An important mention is given to the concept of the subject and object polarity. As such, special emphasis is given to the rapid variation of the state of the self. This requires dedicated attention to the state of the self and its awareness, regarding how invalidating shame is to both members of the dyad during their exchanges. The outcome of this attention will be the resulting lack of emotional attunement or validation during the exchange.
Possible alternatives for legal relations in the process of attracting private investment: concessions and public-private partnerships
Authors: Holodkova Victoria V.
Published: August 2021

Subject. The main subject of the investigation presented in the article is legal relations arising in the process of attracting private investments involving concessions or public-private partnerships for the benefit of the implementation of governmental projects. Today, to solve numerous tasks associated with the implementation of infrastructure projects, the government is actively attracting private investors, which involves using similar financing mechanisms. Russian legislation provides for two basic forms: concessions and public-private partnerships. Each format has its own areas of application, its advantages and disadvantages. Objectives. A comparative analysis of options for joint implementation of projects involving public-private partnerships and concessions. Methods. The analysis considered the opportunities provided by the legislation to implement specific mechanisms involving public-private partnerships or concessions. In addition, the study involved a comparative analysis of each form of tender procedure, tender requirements, terms and conditions of the agreement, the possibilities for tariff regulations and the attraction of loaned funds, and other aspects. Results. According to the results of the comparative analysis, the main advantages and disadvantages of each approach to attracting private financing were identified. The study also provides the analysis of case studies for similar agreements currently implemented in Russia. Following the results, recommendations were made for the implementation of governmental projects in different areas of the economy. The analysis allowed identifying the main sectors and areas of activity for which it is advisable to use the format of concessions to implement a project involving the attraction of private investors and the sectors and areas in which the format of a public-private partnership is preferable. Conclusions. An important aspect of the analysis is the assessment of involved risks for the state and private investors, which arise in case of using each mechanism of attracting private investments for governmental projects. The article concludes with recommendations regarding the use of each format of attracting private investors to implement governmental infrastructure projects in Russia in different spheres of the economy.
Diverging Mobilities, Converging Immobility? Romanian Roma Youths at the Crossroad between Spatial, Social and Educational Im/mobility
Authors: Piemontese Stefano , Bereményi Bálint Ábel , Carrasco Silvia
Published: August 2021

The article investigates the youth transitions of a group of Romanian Roma adolescents with different im/mobility experiences but originating from the same transnational rural village. Their postcompulsory education orientations and development of autonomous im/mobility projects are anything but homogeneous; nevertheless, they all develop halfway between the reproduction of socio-economic inequalities and the challenge of social mobility. While in Spain young migrants are confronted with severe residential and school mobility but have access to wider vocational training opportunities, their peers in Romania rely on more consistent educational trajectories, but face the prospect of poorly valued work in the local rural economy. As for young returnees, they struggle to mobilize their richer transnational social and cultural capital as a way of overcoming the negative experience and result of (re)migration. Based on broader, longitudinal, multi-sited and collaborative ethnography, this paper aims to unveil the interplay between structural constraints and individual agency that shapes meaningful interaction between spatial, social and educational im/mobility in both transnational localities. While emphasizing the usefulness of the concept of transition to explain the processes of intergenerational transfer of poverty in contemporary Europe, we discuss how temporality, social capital and mobility engage with the specific socio-economic context, transformations, and imagined futures of its young protagonists.
Path Calibration of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 3 September 2017 Nuclear Test
Authors: Dreger Douglas S. , Gritto Roland , Nelson Owen
Published: August 2021

The recovery of seismic source parameters requires the use of calibrated velocity models. Although at long periods it is possible to use relatively simple plane-layered models, calibration is still needed to better constrain source parameters. For the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) nuclear tests, this is particularly true when considering the use of seismic stations in Japan where paths cross the Sea of Japan. In this study, we perform forward waveform modeling to calibrate velocity structures. We show that we can arrive at a set of models that minimizes Rayleigh group-velocity anomaly at stations located in China, South Korea, and Japan. Overall moment tensor capability with the new models is improved such that cross-correlation analysis of the 20–50 s period waveforms recovers the true time alignment of the data, enabling better automated source analysis. We performed source-type inversions for the moment tensor jointly for long-period regional waveforms and regional and teleseismic P-waves polarity data for the latest and largest DPRK nuclear test and examine event discrimination/screening capability, scalar moment, and yield estimates with uncertainty. We present the models for improved seismic source modeling of the region.
Instrument Response Removal and the 2020 MLg 3.1 Marlboro, New Jersey, Earthquake
Authors: Burky Alexander L. , Irving Jessica C. E. , Simons Frederik J.
Published: August 2021

To better understand earthquakes as a hazard and to better understand the interior structure of the Earth, we often want to measure the physical displacement, velocity, or acceleration at locations on the Earth’s surface. To this end, a routine step in an observational seismology workflow is the removal of the instrument response, required to convert the digital counts recorded by a seismometer to physical displacement, velocity, or acceleration. The conceptual framework, which we briefly review for students and researchers of seismology, is that of the seismometer as a linear time-invariant system, which records a convolution of ground motion via a transfer function that gain scales and phase shifts the incoming signal. In practice, numerous software packages are widely used to undo this convolution via deconvolution of the instrument’s transfer function. Here, to allow the reader to understand this process, we start by taking a step back to fully explore the choices made during this routine step and the reasons for making them. In addition, we introduce open-source routines in Python and MATLAB as part of our rflexa package, which identically reproduce the results of the Seismic Analysis Code, a ubiquitous and trusted reference. The entire workflow is illustrated on data recorded by several instruments on Princeton University campus in Princeton, New Jersey, of the 9 September 2020 magnitude 3.1 earthquake in Marlboro, New Jersey.
Penggunaan Model Inkuiri Sosial untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Sosial Siswa Kelas V
Authors: Ritiauw Samuel Patra , Mahananingtyas Elsinora , Ode Titin
Published: August 2021

This study aims to examine the application of social inquiry models related to increasing social intelligence in social studies subjects in an elementary school. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research type with a One Group Pretest-Postest design. The result shows that the five indicators of social intelligence developed are self-awareness, working with others, communicating, empathizing, and problem-solving. All indicators have been successfully improved by implementing the social model of inquiry on 25 fifth-grade students of MI Salman Al-Farisi. Of the five indicators of social intelligence developed, problem-solving intelligence is the indicator of social intelligence with the highest increase compared to the empathic indicator, which is in the low criterion, while other indicators are in the medium category. Penelitian bertujuan menguji penerapan model inkuiri sosial terkait dengan peningkatan  kecerdasan sosial pada Mata Pelajaran IPS di SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain One Group Pretest-Postest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima indikator kecerdasan sosial yang dikembangkan yakni kesadaran diri, mampu bekerjasama dengan orang lain, mampu berkomunikasi, berempati dan pemecahan masalah, berhasil ditingkatkan melalui implementasi model sosial inkuiri pada 25 siswa kelas V MI Salman Al-Farisi. Dari kelima indikator kecerdasan sosial yang dikembangkan, kecerdasan memecahkan masalah merupakan indikator kecerdasan sosial yang paling tinggi peningkatannya jika dibandingkan dengan indikator berempati yang berada pada kriteria rendah, sementara indikator lainnya berada pada kategori sedang.
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Cyberbullying yang Dilakukan Oleh Remaja di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Antama Febrizal , Zuhdy Mukhtar
Published: August 2021

Hadirnya ragam aplikasi internet berupa media sosial, game online, dan media komunikasi digital lainnya, dewasa ini telah menjadi wadah bagi terjadinya cyberbullying yang dilakukan oleh remaja di Kota Yogyakarta. Kasus cyberbullying yang dilakukan oleh remaja terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Maka penting kiranya untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya cyberbullying di Kota Yogyakarta. Sehingga dengan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan remaja melakukan cyberbullying, diharapkan kita dapat mengetahui kebijakan kriminal (criminal policy) baik melalui sarana penal maupun sarana non-penal yang tepat guna memberantas cyberbullying  secara lebih efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis empiris. Sementara itu, sumber yang digunakan adalah bahan primer dan sekunder. Teknik yang digunakan adalah studi lapangan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis yang bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa faktor yang menyebabkan remaja melakukan cyberbullying di Kota Yogyakarta antara lain: pesatnya perkembangan teknologi, ketidaktahuan remaja akan risiko hukum, perilaku remaja yang suka meniru, serta telah melemahnya kontrol sosial.
Bentuk Perlindungan Hukum Korban Tindak Pidana Pornografi
Authors: Mahendra Robbil Iqsal
Published: August 2021

Semakin majunya teknologi, maka semakin berkembang dan bertambahnya pula metode, teknik, dan cara yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat untuk melakukan kejahatan melalui teknologi tersebut. Pada saat ini kejahatan yang dilakukan di media sosial sangat beragam dan sudah tidak menjadi sesuatu yang tabu lagi, salah satunya dengan meningkatnya kasus kejahatan kesusilaan. Tindak pidana pornografi merupakan salah satu bentuk kejahatan kesusilaan yang disebabkan karena kemajuan teknologi. Tindak pidana pornografi mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat dan membuat masyarakat menjadikan media sosial sebagai wadah untuk melakukan kejahatan sekaligus dapat menjadi korban. Seringkali korban dijebak, diperas, dicemarkan nama baiknya, melalui konten pornografi yang diunggah di media sosial. Padahal sudah seharusnya sebagai pengguna teknologi perlu dilindungi baik data maupun kerahasiaannya. Sehingga penelitian ini sangat penting dikaji untuk melihat bagaimana pengaturan terhadap tindak pidana pornografi dan bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap terhadap korban dari tindak pidana pornografi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan yang disajikan secara deskriptif. Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk mengetahui pengaturan terhadap tindak pidana pornografi dan perlindungan hukum terhadap korban. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pengaturan terhadap tindak pidana pornografi dapat ditemukan di KUHP, Undang-Undang Pornografi, dan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Adapun perlindungan hukum terhadap korban tindak pidana pornografi melalui media sosial antara lain korban mendapatkan bantuan medis dan bantuan rehabilitasi psiko-sosial. Bantuan permohonan tersebut diajukan secara tertulis.
Retrosternal goitre and its management
Authors: Varshney Saurabh
Published: August 2021

Retrosternal goiter (RSG) is a term that has been used to describe a goiter that extends beyond the thoracic inlet. Retrosternal goitre is defined as a goitre with a portion of its mass ≥ 50% located in the mediastinum. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice and, in most cases, the goitre can be removed via a cervical approach. Aim of this retrospective study was to analyse personal experience in the surgical management of retrosternal goitres, defining, in particular, the features requiring sternotomy.

 Retrospective study, teaching hospital-based.

 Retrospective analysis of 687 thyroidectomies performed between 2008 and 2019. The 47 (6.84 %) patients with RSG were analyzed further, with regard to demographics, presentation, indications, and outcome of surgical treatment.

 There were 47 patients (6.84 %) with RSG, [ 34 females (72.34%), 13 males (27.66%)] (mean age: 52 years, range: 34-76)], out of 687 thyroidectomies, in a 14 -year period. The most common presentation was neck swelling (68%), followed by respiratory symptoms (46.8%) and the surgical procedure predominantly used was total thyroidectomy. The RSGs were removed by collar incision in 43 (91.5 %) of the cases, only 4 cases (8.5 %) required sternotomy, (residual thyroid in mediastinum after cervical approach in one case and due to very large thyroid reaching the main bronchial bifurcation in the other three). The final histological diagnosis revealed malignancy in 8.5 % of the thyroid specimens. There was no mortality and minor complications occurred in nine patients (19.1%).

 The presence of an RSG is an indication for surgery owing to the lack of effective medical treatment, the higher incidence of symptoms related to compression, low surgical morbidity, and the risk of malignancy. Surgical removal of a retrosternal goitre is a challenging procedure; it can be performed safely, in most cases, via a cervical approach, with a complication rate slightly higher than the average rate for cervical goitre thyroidectomy, especially concerning hypoparathyroidism and post-operative bleeding. The most significant criteria for selecting patients requiring sternotomy are computed tomography features, in particular the presence of an ectopic goitre, the extent of the goitre to or below the tracheae carina. If retrosternal goitre thyroidectomy is performed by a skilled surgical team, familiar with its unique pitfalls, the assistance of a thoracic surgeon may be required only in a few selected cases
Droopy swelling behind the ear lobe mimicking cyst or cancer
Authors: Basavannaiah Sphoorthi
Published: August 2021

Epidermoid and dermoid cysts occur anywhere from the skin covering the body. Clinicians and Surgeons often have an indicative impasse as there are plenty of cystic lesions in the Head and Neck region. Clinically, these cysts are asymptomatic that appear as uniform, round, doughy masses with a tiny surface opening. If by chance cyst gets infected the lining ruptures that spills out cheesy keratin debris into surrounding soft tissue giving rise to local tenderness and swelling.
BID América: Vol. 24, no. 11, noviembre 1997
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

BID América cubre las tendencias del desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. Se publica 10 veces al año en castellano e inglés.
Evaluation of the change in synthetic aperture radar imaging using transfer learning and residual network
Authors:   Laboratory of Physics of Nuclear, Atomic and Molecular Techniques, Chouaib Doukkali University, Hamdi I. ,   Measurment and Control Instrumentation Laboratory IMC, department of physics, Chouaib Doukkali University, Tounsi Y. ,   Measurment and Control Instrumentation Laboratory IMC, department of physics, Chouaib Doukkali University, Benjelloun M. ,   Laboratory of Physics of Nuclear, Atomic and Molecular Techniques, Chouaib Doukkali University, Nassim A. ,   Measurment and Control Instrumentation Laboratory IMC, department of physics, Chouaib Doukkali University
Published: August 2021

Change detection from synthetic aperture radar images becomes a key technique to detect change area related to some phenomenon as flood and deformation of the earth surface. This paper proposes a transfer learning and Residual Network with 18 layers (ResNet-18) architecture-based method for change detection from two synthetic aperture radar images. Before the application of the proposed technique, batch denoising using convolutional neural network is applied to the two input synthetic aperture radar image for speckle noise reduction. To validate the performance of the proposed method, three known synthetic aperture radar datasets (Ottawa; Mexican and for Taiwan Shimen datasets) are exploited in this paper. The use of these datasets is important because the ground truth is known, and this can be considered as the use of numerical simulation. The detected change image obtained by the proposed method is compared using two image metrics. The first metric is image quality index that measures the similarity ratio between the obtained image and the image of the ground truth, the second metrics is edge preservation index, it measures the performance of the method to preserve edges. Finally, the method is applied to determine the changed area using two Sentinel 1 B synthetic aperture radar images of Eddahbi dam situated in Morocco.
Controlling near-field focusing of a mesoscale binary phase plate in an optical radiation field with circular polarization
Authors:   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, Geints Y.E. , Minin O.V. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Panina E.K. ,   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, Minin I.V. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies,   Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: August 2021

Binary Fresnel zone plates (ZP) are one of the most frequently used focusing elements of inplane optical schemes in micro- and nanophotonics. With a decrease in the diameter and focal distance of the ZP to meso-wavelength sizes, the parameters of the focusing region begin to be significantly influenced by features of the ZP design (material, thickness, relief depth). The spatial structure of the focal spot formed in the near-field is investigated by the numerical finite elements (FEM) simulations of the transmission of a plane optical wave through a mesoscale binary phase ZP. We show that there is a range of optimal etching depths of the ZP ridges and optimal thicknesses of the plate substrate, at which the best focusing of the incident optical wave is realized in terms of the maximum field intensity and the minimum size of the focal spot. In addition, a concept of a super-focusing binary phase ZP with an immersion layer in the form of a truncated cone fabricated of ZP material is proposed, which makes it possible to focus the circularly polarized light wave into a subdiffraction region with a half-width of about "lambda"/2n (n is the ZP refractive index).
Veiling glare removal: synthetic dataset generation, metrics and neural network architecture
Authors:   Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, RAS, Shoshin A.V. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Shvets E.A. ,   Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, RAS
Published: August 2021

In photography, the presence of a bright light source often reduces the quality and readability of the resulting image. Light rays reflect and bounce off camera elements, sensor or diaphragm causing unwanted artifacts. These artifacts are generally known as "lens flare" and may have different influences on the photo: reduce contrast of the image (veiling glare), add circular or circular-like effects (ghosting flare), appear as bright rays spreading from light source (starburst pattern), or cause aberrations. All these effects are generally undesirable, as they reduce legibility and aesthetics of the image. In this paper we address the problem of removing or reducing the effect of veiling glare on the image. There are no available large-scale datasets for this problem and no established metrics, so we start by (i) proposing a simple and fast algorithm of generating synthetic veiling glare images necessary for training and (ii) studying metrics used in related image enhancement tasks (dehazing and underwater image enhancement). We select three such no-reference metrics (UCIQE, UIQM and CCF) and show that their improvement indicates better veil removal. Finally, we experiment on neural network architectures and propose a two-branched architecture and a training procedure utilizing structural similarity measure.
Visceral Manipulation in Resources of Persian Medicine
Authors: Namiranian Parva , Karimi Mehrdad , Emami Razavi Seyede Zahra , Fateh Garoos Ahmad , Ayati Mohammad Hossein
Published: August 2021

Persian Medicine applies various types of treatment, from changing lifestyle (known as Setteh-e-zarurieh) to using medicines and  manual interventions. Manual interventions have various types and indications in Persian Medicine. Visceral manipulation is one of them, which is defined as applying techniques to the viscera or the structures that support it in the case of disturbed motility or mobility related to a visceral system and the associated elements. Herein, Persian Medicine manuscripts were searched to find available information about visceral manipulation. There are many similarities between basic principles of visceral manipulation and Persian Medicine. Persian Medicine scholars have explained about anatomy of fascia and its components many years ago, which are very close to what today’s knowledge is. Most probably, one of the very first scholars who has mentioned the idea of visceral manipulation is Avicenna (980–1037 CE). In his Canon of Medicine, Avicenna mentioned Ghamz as a treatment for liver injury. The available in vitro and animal studies support the positive effects of visceral manipulation. Persian Medicine scholars had detected nerve fibers and collagen which are fascia components. They are pioneer in this regard, too.
E-learning en educación superior
Authors: Fredes Quiroz Karen
Published: August 2021

En este artículo se presenta una propuesta curricular e instruccional para programas online que se desean diseñar en educación Superior, considerando trayectorias formativas basadas en competencias. Las bases teóricas expuestas son las que permiten fundamentar cada uno de los elementos de la propuesta, y dan pie a seguir innovando en esta materia. Se definen los conceptos competencia y educación a distancia, que sustentan el escrito; luego, se presenta la propuesta en dos momentos. Primero, se establecen algunos parámetros para la formulación y el escalamiento de las competencias de acuerdo con el perfil de grado y, en segundo lugar, se exponen los componentes que un diseño instruccional apropiado puede contener para la modalidad en la que se está diseñando. Si bien esta estructura no dista mucho de las actividades que se llevan a cabo para generar programas presenciales, lo cierto es que la metodología presentada permitirá que el proceso formativo en modalidad online no pierda de vista las competencias que se espera que los estudiantes alcancen, y además, permitirá una trayectoria flexible y colaborativa.
El ropero del desarrollo cognitivo y la estilística para la educación en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Méndez Gómez Diana Marcela
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo surge de la experiencia pedagógica y didáctica realizada en el marco del seminario Desarrollo Cognitivo y Estilos de Aprendizaje, de la maestría en Docencia de la Universidad de La Salle, que reflexiona sobre los elementos del desarrollo cognitivo y los estilos de aprendizaje en un contexto de educación virtual, remota y mediada por las TIC, en función de la declaratoria de pandemia por covid-19, el pasado 11 de marzo de 2020. Esto es abordado a partir de una narrativa de interpretación personal, sobre la manera como los diferentes actores del contexto escolar percibimos en nuestros procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje esta dinámica; fruto de la experiencia de práctica como directivo docente, se incluye una articulación con los planteamientos propuestos por la Secretaria de Educación Distrital de Bogotá
Plan de contingencia
Authors: Farré Ileana , Murano Andrea , Benardis Andrea
Published: August 2021

Esta producción colectiva registra la experiencia del área de Educación a Distancia y Tecnologías Educativas (EaDyTE) durante el primer cuatrimestre del 2020, en la Universidad del Chubut, Argentina. Se basa en la experiencia empírica y sin pretensiones prescriptivas, con lo que se busca dar cuenta del compromiso de las personas implicadas, los procesos y las acciones en un momento en el que las opciones pedagógicas (presencial y a distancia) y la finalidad de la educación de nivel superior se encuentran interpeladas. En función de las necesidades percibidas como reales y la visión compartida respecto al ADN de esta institución, la colaboración y el diálogo abierto facilitaron el diseño de diferentes estrategias de acompañamiento ante el desafío de enseñar y aprender en tiempos de crisis
Los retos del desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Zamudio Luis Vallejo
Published: August 2021

En junio, entre los días 20 y 22, se realizará en Río de Janeiro, Brasil, la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Desarrollo Sostenible. Esta cumbre es, sin duda, fundamental para que la comunidad mundial se manifieste en torno al tema ambiental, el cual, en las circunstancias actuales, representa un elemento esencial para su sobrevivencia.
Crecimiento y eficiencia de la industria editorial de Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Pardo José Luis Rodríguez , Abella Daniel Gómez
Published: August 2021

El presente estudio evalúa la eficiencia técnica y el crecimiento en productividad de la industrial editorial en Bogotá durante el período 2000-2007, mediante la aplicación de la técnica de frontera de análisis envolvente de datos determinístico (DEA, siglas en inglés). Para esto, se construye un panel de datos balanceado con base en la información de la Encuesta Anual Manufacturera. Con la descomposición del índice deMalmquist se cuantifica el aporte de la eficiencia técnica y el cambio productivo de la industria para el periodo de estudio de la productividad.
Reforma tributaria: ¿Para quién?
Authors: Zamudio Luis Vallejo
Published: August 2021

A finales de diciembre, el presidente Juan Manuel Santos sancionó la nueva ley que consagra la reforma tributaria, la cual, según él, está orientada a reducir la inequidad distributiva y a bajar el desempleo. Para ello, se excluyeron los parafiscales y se creó la contribución sobre la renta empresarial para la equidad (CREE), que gravará las utilidades de las empresas para financiar una porción de los parafiscales que se eliminaron (ICBF, SENA), como también la contribución a la salud, permitiendo la reducción en los costos laborales, lo que incentivará la creación de nuevos puestos de trabajo y la formalización de los existentes. Por su parte, elministro de Hacienda manifestó que la nueva ley permitirá disminuir la inequidad, en lamedida en que se generará más empleo, y se impondránmenos impuestos a los ingresos de los trabajadores y menos IVAa la canasta familiar.
Crecimiento económico y equidad en Boyacá durante 2000-2011
Authors: Araújo Edilberto Rodríguez
Published: August 2021

El crecimiento económico no trae consigo mejoras inmediatas en la distribución del ingreso. Las políticas redistributivas pueden contribuir a corregir la inequidad social. El autor analiza cuál ha sido la incidencia del crecimiento de la economía boyacense, durante el periodo 2000-2011, en aspectos tales como pobreza, equidad distributiva, desarrollo humano y desempeño delmercado laboral, determinando que no existe una asociación positiva concluyente entre el dinamismo económico y sus correlatos  sociales.