bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns in steppe grassland vegetation of Troitsky State Natural Complex Preserve
Authors: Nazarenko Nazar N. , Malaev Aleksandr V. , Pirozhenkova Alla V. , Bayda Natalya A.
Published: August 2020

The patterns (mosaicity) in the northern type of Southern Ural steppe vegetation were characterized by a hierarchical continuum concept theory for Troitsky State Natural Complex Preserve example. Multispecies patterns have been identified by blocks and principal components methods while a hierarchical patterns evaluation by multivariate statistics (Cluster, Discriminant Analysis and Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling) and biotopes phytoindication. It has been established that three pattern levels micro-patterns (0,8 and 1,8 m), parcels (6,0 m) and coenotics (11,0 m) are significantly identified in steppe vegetation. The two last levels correspond to levels specified for the southern type of Southern Ural steppe vegetation earlier. The authors have demonstrated that parcel and coenotic patterns are identified as ratio of four species abundance: Stipa lessingiana, S. pennata, S. tirsa and Festuca valesiaca. For natural and undisturbed steppe associations informative species are non-dominants or edificators. Vegetation plot size and the location in phytocatena can be determinative for floristic composition, phytodiversity indexes and syntaxon detection. There are several non-uniformly scaled factors of mosaicity identification. The most significant ones are coenotic interactions among species. Soil nitrogen regime and soil calcium regimes, soil moistening, aeration and acidity are significant for abiotic factors.
A new view of the native revolts in Spanish Florida and the West Indies in the 16th century
Authors: Ashrafyan Konstantin E.
Published: August 2020

This study is a more general research of the Christianization of Florida in the 16th and 18th centuries. This topic became a separate study since when compiling the chronology of Christianization and the foundation of settlements, there were revolts of local residents. When identifying the causes of these revolts, identical and recurring events were identified. To identify them we studied the cause-and-effect relationships between Spaniards and natives. We compared primary sources, their translations from various Spanish sources, as well as recent archaeological finds and research, reviewed data on the nature of the revolts, researchers work; we also compared the facts and the process of describing events during Christianization. To complete this work it was necessary to find the kinship and the root cause that gave rise to the prerequisites for the revolt. We decided to step over the theory of class struggle and apply the search for the cause of revolts in interpersonal relations (social psychology), studying the chronology of witnesses of that time. The author uses the gender factor, i.e. the relationship between man and woman, as a new concept when considering the processes of revolts of natives and introduces a new term expectation formula, applied to the relations between the local chiefs (caciques) and Spaniards. The gender factor is important as an increase or, conversely, as a decrease in the expectation formula, at a low or zero value when revolts begin. At the same time, the expectation formula has a clear dependence on the size of the ego of the local leaders, who assumed certain benefits for themselves and that can be seen in the formula of the cause-and-effect relationships that led to revolts against the Spanish crown. As a result, we came to the conclusion that socio-psychological and behavioral universal factors can explain both the acceptance and rejection of the union of aborigines with Europeans, without involving the study of the theory of class struggle. When the expectation factor was lowered or dropped, the union broke up, and this led to a revolt of the natives on the Spanish territories.
Professional education on the outlying territories of the Russian Empire in the 1880s – early 19th century
Authors: Rygalova Maria V.
Published: August 2020

The development of professional educational institutions in Russia has become a necessary stage in the development of education. This is due to changes in the socio-economic sphere, the growth and development of trade relations, the development of technical knowledge, as well as the need for specialists in these areas. The Russian Empire underwent modernization processes. This required providing all spheres (economy, social sphere) with trained personnel. This led to the establishment of a network of professional educational institutions. On the outlying territories this happened several decades later and they had their own specifics, for example, the composition of the population (a large percentage of the indigenous population, peasant migrants), as well as the low level of literacy in general. In addition, the establishment of professional educational institutions on these territories was dictated by the private need for a particular area, often a city and a county. Mainly Russian settlers got professional education. However, by the beginning of the 20th century there were more and more students from the indigenous population who were aware of the need and importance of education, who wanted to participate in all-Russian modernization processes.
Methodology for providing an integrated approach to the preparation of educational practice for prospective teachers of Geography and Biology
Authors: Lamekhova Elena A. , Lamekhov Yury G.
Published: August 2020

This paper discusses the methodology for providing an integrated approach to the preparation of educational practice Introduction to Geography and Biology. The practice is a part of Geography and Biology teacher training process at a pedagogical university. The organization of practice is based on the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education. Bachelor graduates must be able to carry out professional activities in the education system. During the study period students must develop general cultural, general professional and professional competencies. To ensure the quality of students training, the curriculum provides educational and work practices. The effectiveness of educational practice depends on the use of an integrated approach methodology, which involves a combination of propaedeutical theoretical tasks, practical tasks performed by students in ecosystems accessible for educational purposes and individual student work in various ecotopes. The implementation of practical tasks is aimed at acquainting students with the species composition of plants and animals, as well as forming students ideas about the real existence of sets of organisms with a certain structure and group adaptations to the environment. The substantial aspect of educational practice allows students to update their theoretical knowledge in the field of general ecology, botany and zoology.
Practical issues of teaching discursive reading to foreign military personnel
Authors: Savinykh Natalia V.
Published: August 2020

The paper describes exercises for teaching discursive reading to foreign military personnel. A distinctive feature of the exercises is that they are aimed at forming cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies and skills in discourse reading. Each group of exercises creates a certain order of actions aimed at developing persistent skills. The method of teaching discursive reading is revealed on the example of special exercises for the educational text The Russian Navy. The author has identified and justified the feasibility of using exercises in classes on Russian as a foreign language. The paper describes in detail the step-by-step work with the educational text, which involves performing a number of tasks aimed at developing all types of speech activity, as well as improving students vocabulary and grammar skills. The algorithm for working with text can be used with students of the first certification level and includes pre-text and post-text tasks for the development of discursive reading skills, as well as optimization of time spent on the acquisition of persistent skills. Special attention is paid to the ability to perceive the text from the position of a foreign language discourse, when the maximum result is determined by the culture of educational activity.
Distance learning: teacher competency (based on Mathematics)
Authors: Sevastyanova Svetlana A.
Published: August 2020

The paper discusses the problems of the readiness of teachers to carry out distance educational activities. The main attention is paid to the structure of the concept. A model of teacher competency is proposed, reflecting technical, subject and methodological competencies in the technical, theoretical, practical and personal aspects. The system of competency descriptors is given. Specificity is revealed, goals and objectives are formulated, forms and methods of preparing a teacher for distance work are proposed. The necessity and relevance of remote pedagogical work, especially in conditions of forced isolation of students in 2020, is substantiated. The measures of state support for distance learning during the period of restrictive measures, some IT tools for organizing and supporting the educational process are described. The paper also analyzes some difficulties of teachers in the implementation of an indirect form of educational activity. It is proposed to use the electronic educational resource as a set of methodological tools providing all stages of the educational process as the main didactic tool for remote work. The development of the components of the resource, methods of its use in the educational process, ways of organizing the process and communication of participants are referred to the competence of the teacher. It is concluded that it is advisable to develop the competencies of teachers in organizing remote pedagogical work, and the subsequent development of the topic in scientific pedagogical research.
Axiological grounds for a prospective engineer training
Authors: Soboleva Elena I.
Published: August 2020

The paper substantiates the urgency of the problem of an engineers personality development in the process of vocational training, which harmoniously combines the interests of technology and the environment. The author proposes development of a moral personality within the framework of technical education as one of the ways to solve this problem. The paper contains evidence of the relationship between the development of technological progress and a persons professional moral development in the process of education. The author proves that spiritual culture is closely connected with the creation of objects of material culture by technical specialists, that introducing prospective engineers to moral values gives them an opportunity to control the world of technology without devastating consequences for the outside world. The paper also contains evidence that a technique created by human hands can subsequently live its own life, but falling into the hands of an immoral specialist, it can be used for evil purposes, which causes disasters. The author reveals specifics of moral values as conscious meanings that determine a persons relationship to the world, to people and to himself, as well as the place of relations in a moral culture and in a persons technical culture is shown. It is proved that values are integral components of technical education, embodying the ideals and ideas about the standard not only of a highly qualified specialist, but also of a moral person (a standard of moral engineer). The ratio of moral values and values that are fundamental to the technical specialist is determined. Specific values are identified that determine technical and moral unity in the engineers training: responsibility, truth, justice and freedom. The essence of the moral component of the prospective engineers professional training is revealed. In the process of such training, the technocratic thinking developed by the old school is a thing of the past, while the engineers personality that is morally sustained, tolerant and able to bear social responsibility is developed.
Results of using of terpens-based medication renotinex in patients with urolithiasis after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
Authors: Popkov Vladimir M. , Osnovin Oleg V. , Fomkina Olga A.
Published: August 2020

In spite of high efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), the question of reduction of this procedure complications risk continues to be relevant. In this study results of Renotinex prescription for patients with urolithiasis after ESWL are presented. Renotinex is a terpens-based drug and it has anti-inflammatory and lithokinetic properties. Inclusion of this medication in complex therapy leads to reduction of terms of stone fragments excretion, pain sensation reduction, bacteriuria frequency decrease.
Surgical treatment of a large paraurethral cyst
Authors: Slesarevskaya Margarita N. , Ponomareva Yulia A. , Sozdanov Petr V. , Tyurin Alexey G. , Sycheva Anastasia M. , Kuzmin Igor V.
Published: August 2020

The paraurethral cysts are benign cystic formations, the clinical symptoms of which vary depending on the size of the cyst. The presented clinical observation describes the clinical picture, stages of surgical treatment, and results of histological examination of a large paraurethral cyst in a 36-year-old woman. The review of modern methods of diagnostics and treatment of paraurethral formations in women is made.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN CHORD DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BELAJAR MENCIPTA LAGU ANAK USIA DINI (Class Action Research pada Guru PAUD di Kabupaten Kediri)
Authors: Raharjo Itot Bian , Handayaningrum Warih , Abdillah Autar
Published: August 2020

Abstact: This research is motivated by the need for songs as PAUD learning media in Kediri Regency. In general, teachers only use old songs, composing song lyrics. This study uses the Class Action Research approach which was conducted from March to October 2019. The results of the data analysis included 12 respondents (80%) in the first cycle, 5 respondents (33.3%) in the second cycle, and 2 respondents (13.3%) in cycle III that has not yet reached. It can also be seen that in the third cycle, the number of respondents reached 13 people with a percentage of 86.6%. It can be concluded that the use of chords in learning to create early childhood songs was successful, the action hypothesis in this study was declared acceptable.Key Words : Chord, compose a song, Childhood Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kebutuhan lagu sebagai media pembelajaran PAUD di Kabupaten Kediri. Pada umumnya guru hanya menggunakan lagu lama, penggubahan lirik lagu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Class Action Research yang dilaksanakan mulai Maret - Oktober 2019. Hasil analisis data terdapat 12 responden (80%) di siklus I, 5 responden (33,3%) di siklus II, dan 2 responden (13,3%) di siklus III yang belum mencapai. Dapat diketahui pula pada siklus ke III, responden yang sudah tercapai berjumlah 13 orang dengan prosentase 86,6%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan chord dalam belajar mencipta lagu anak usia dini berhasil, hipotesis tindakan dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan diterima. Kata Kunci: Chord, Mencipta Lagu, Anak
Role of risk of malignancy index for evaluation and preoperative detection of pelvic malignancies compared with pathological diagnosis
Authors: Yousseff Beenish , Qurieshi Mariya Amin , Yousseff Nadiya
Published: August 2020

Background: Risk of malignancy index (RMI) is widely employed in the developed world in predicting malignant pelvic masses. The present study designed to confirm the effectiveness of the RMI to identify cases with high potential of ovarian malignancy, among patients with an adnexal mass.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of two years in a government run tertiary healthcare centre of Srinagar, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Study included 72 patients who underwent surgery due to adnexal mass and were evaluated for ovarian malignancy by comparing RMI with histopathological diagnosis. Data collected included demographic characteristics, ultrasound findings, menopausal status, CA125 levels, and histopathological diagnosis. For each patient, RMI was calculated as per the standard formula.Results: Analysis revealed ultrasound score had the highest sensitivity of 72.7%, while an RMI score ≥250 had the highest specificity of 88.5%. The latter also had the highest positive predictive value of 50%, while negative predictive value was highest for an ultrasound score of 3 (94%). The cut off points based on ROC analysis demonstrates significant predictive ability for ovarian cancer for both RMI and CA125 with AUC to the tune of 82.9% and 80.1% respectively.Conclusions: RMI is a simple score system which can be applied directly into clinical practice and might be of value in pre-operative assessment, and hence selecting patients who need surgical team including gynecologic oncologists.
Folic acid supplementation improves cognitive function: a systematic review
Authors: Widyadharma I Putu Eka , Tedyanto Eric Hartono , Putri Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu , Adnyana I Made Oka , Samatra Dewa Putu Gede Purwa
Published: August 2020

The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is characterized by loss of memory and cognitive impairment. In epidemiological studies, low folate could disturb vitamin B12 absorption, which leads to the inflammatory process, and it explains the association between both vitamins and AD. Authors did a systematic search through PubMed and Embase according to the PRISMA protocol. Authors included studies published in the last 5 years (from 2015 to June 2020). Authors assess the quality of studies using JADAD Scale for randomized-controlled trials. Authors found 426 journals in their search strategy. In the end, 2 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. These two randomized controlled trials revealed that folic acid improved cognitive function in AD (p<0.05) and mild cognitive impairment (p=0.028). In this systematic review, authors found that daily folic acid supplements could improve cognitive function in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment. The exact mechanism is unknown, but it is believed that folic acid supplementation improves cognitive function by reducing the levels of peripheral inflammatory cytokines. Daily oral folic acid supplemental (400 µg and 1.2 mg) for 6-12 months improves cognitive function in AD and mild cognitive Impairment.
Functional and radiological outcome of valgus osteotomy (abduction osteotomy of Pauwel) and fixation with dynamic hip screw in neglected fracture neck of femur
Authors: S. M. Venugopal , Babu Naveen , Odnala Naresh , Jagadesh Gudaru
Published: August 2020

Background: Despite improvements in the techniques of surgery and internal fixation devices, non-union is still reported in one-third of cases of femoral neck fracture with displacement. Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy alters the biomechanical environment of the fracture site and restores limb length.

Methods: This was a prospective study on functional outcome of valgus osteotomy and fixation with dynamic hip screw (DHS) in neglected fracture neck of femur in Balaji Institute of Surgery, Research and Rehabilitation for the Disabled (BIRRD), Tirupati. 28 patients were enrolled between December 2017 to December 2019. Patients less than 60 years of age with fracture neck of femur of more than or equal to 3 weeks since injury and with failed primary fixation were included. Patients >60 years of age, patients with avascular necrosis (AVN), and with resorption of femoral neck were excluded.

Results: Among 28 patients 12 had union within 6 months and another 12 within 12 months. 4 patients were lost for follow-up hence considered as non-union. Osteotomy site united by 6 months in 22 patients and by 12 months in 2. Harris hip score was fair to excellent in 24 patients and poor in 4.

Conclusions: Valgus osteotomy and DHS fixation is often a definitive one-time surgical procedure to achieve union in neglected and ununited fracture neck femur in young patients. It is simple and biological. In this study because of the delay in presentation and the young age of patients, Pauwels’ osteotomy was performed as the head-salvaging procedure. Union was achieved in 86% of this study patients.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PACIENTES APÓS A REALIZAÇÃO DE CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA
Authors: Batista Fernanda Costa , Luz Lucyana Silva , Souza Kedilla Dias , Duarte Amélia Cristina Stival
Published: August 2020

A obesidade é uma doença crônica relacionada ao acúmulo excessivo de gordura corporal, causada pela interação de aspectos multifatoriais como hábitos de vida, carga genética e fatores emocionais. Com todas as complicações geradas pela obesidade e pelas mudanças negativas de hábito de vida imposta por este agravo, supõe-se que a cirurgia bariátrica proporcione benefícios aos pacientes, tais como perda de peso, remissão de comorbidades e melhora da qualidade de vida em seus diversos aspectos (psicológico, físico, social, familiar, afetivo dentre outros, sendo assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica do Programa de Controle e Cirurgia da Obesidade (PCCO) de um hospital de grande porte na cidade de Goiânia – GO. Realizou-se um estudo clínico, descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa que investigou as mudanças na qualidade de vida de pacientes após a realização da cirurgia bariátrica. Antes de realizar a cirurgia, a média de IMC da amostra era de 49,6, caracterizando obesidade grau III, após a realização da cirurgia bariátrica, a média de IMC baixou para 33,4, obesidade grau I. Tanto os dados de pré como os de pós operatório corroboram com outros estudos. Em relação a qualidade de vida, 82,4%(n:28) dos indivíduos avaliaram sua qualidade de vida como muito melhorada e 17,6%(n:6) como melhorada.
PERFIL E TEMPO PORTA-BALÃO DE PACIENTES COM INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO
Authors: Moraes Cladis Loren Kiefer , Tessmann Magada , Botelho Rodrigo Valdir , Mendonça Valter , Schmitt Alice , Ficagna Francieli Tozatti
Published: August 2020

RESUMOEsta pesquisa tem como objetivos identificar o perfil epidemiológico e o tempo resposta porta balão de pacientes com diagnóstico Infarto Agudo do miocárdio com supra de segmento ST.  Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa do tipo documental, retrospectiva, aplicada, exploratória, descritiva e de campo. Foram avaliados o total de 280 prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico de infarto com supra de segmento ST. Foi analisado o perfil epidemiológico, comorbidades, fatores de risco para doença coronariana e o tempo porta-balão. Como resultado foi possível observar que a idade média foi entre 54 a 64 anos (39,29%), com predomínio do sexo masculino (77,14%). Os fatores de risco foram (41,43%) tabagistas e (2,86%) etilistas. Como comorbidades as Dislipidemias (17,86%), Diabetes (15,36%), Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (54,29%) e Obesidade (2,86%). O tempo médio porta-balão foi de 179 minutos, distante do tempo preconizado <90 minutos (p=0,00). Desta forma foi possível observar que o tempo médio porta-balão ultrapassou aquele preconizado pelo protocolo do serviço de emergência cardiológica (<90 minutos), o que sugere a necessidade de intervenções com o propósito de reduzir o tempo. A implantação ou reavaliação dos processos de trabalho especificamente os relacionados a assistência ao paciente favorecem a qualificação e eficiência do serviço prestado a população.Descritores: Infarto do miocárdio. Emergência. Assistência de enfermagem. Reperfusão miocárdica. Sinais e sintomas.
Śivagrha (Prambanan Temple) as an Archetype of Hindu Theology in Nusantara (An Endeavor to Discover Hindu Theological Knowledge through Ancient Temple Heritage)
Authors: Surpi Ni Kadek
Published: August 2020

Many scholars believe that the Hindu community in Nusantara worship Trimūrti (Brahmā, Visnu, and Śiva) equally. This opinion is shared among the experts. However, it is not prevalent within Hinduism. Hence, it contradicts the concept of Ista Devata (the glorification of one Devata among the others). This qualitative study examines Prambanan Temple as an Archetype of Hindu Theology in Nusantara. This study focusses on the structure of the Prambanan temple complex, which related to the concept of Hindu Nusantara Theology, the depiction of Hindu Nusantara Theology, and the special meaning of Prambanan Temple. Data analysis was carried out using an Ethnographic Content Analysis (ECA). This study concludes that Prambanan Temple is convincing as an Archetype of Hindu Theology, in two typologies. The typology of Nirguna Brahman lies in the concept where Prambanan is a place to worship Parabrahman, The Absolute, The Supreme God. Meanwhile, the typology of Saguna Brahman lies in the concept where Prambanan is a Śivagrha, The House of Lord Śiva, a place to worship Śiva as the Highest Gods. This typology of Saguna Brahman is the base of Śivaistik Theology. Prambanan temple construction uses the Vāstupurusamandala pattern, which made it as the grandest temple in Nusantara. Even though Śivagrha is popular as a temple complex to worship Tri Murti as equals, the fact which lies in temple structures as well as in the manuscript (prasasti) proves that it has a Śivaistik Concept, where Śiva is worshiped as the highest Devata (Parabrahman).
Relationship Between Length-Weight, Condition Factor and Diversity Sex of Blood Cckle in Sedati, Sidoarjo, East Java
Authors: Zakaria Muhammad Habib , Agustono Agustono , Dewi Nina Nurmalia , Pursetyo Kustiawan Tri
Published: August 2020

Sidoarjo regency is a district that has marine waters and has the potential to capture the resources of the shell. It is very influential in the livelihoods of the community, especially people sedati, sidoarjo. One of the resources in Sedati is the blood cockle (Anadara sp.), These shells include bivalves that live on the bottom substrate with muddy sand conditions. Catching of the shell has been done in hereditary by Sedati community. This catching activity can have an adverse effect if the capture of blood cockle (Anadara sp.) Is not controlled in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner and the pollution of the marine environment in Sedati also has an effect on the quality of the Sedati sea waters. This study examines the growth aspect of long-range distribution, long relationship of weight, condition factor and sex ratio of blood cockle (Anadara sp.) in sedati waters, Sidoarjo, East Java.
Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Focus & Scope, Table of Contents)
Authors: Team Editorial
Published: August 2020

Frontmatter Volume 1, Issue 1 June 2020
The Biodiversity of Gastropods In Karapyak Rocky Shores, Pangandaran Region, West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sahidin Asep , Zahidah Zahidah , Hamdani Herman , Riyantini Indah , Sewiko Roni
Published: August 2020

Pangandaran rocky shores have a unique ecosystem and a variant of invertebrate organisms such as mollusk from the gastropod class. This study aims to analyze the biodiversity of gastropods on the rocky shore of Karapyak beach. This research consists of 5 stations. The quadrant set by 1 m x 1 m vertically toward the sea. The result found 773 individuals scattered in nine families. The family of Neritidae dominated (43%), followed by family cyprinoids with 6.3%. Nerita plicata is a species found to dominate in every station with an average abundance (256 ± 10) and/m2. Using the Bray-Curtis cluster analysis, showed variations in the distribution and abundance of different gastropods vertically into the ocean and uniformly distributed horizontally to the shore. Substrate and tidal are the main variables in the spatial distribution of gastropods in the Karapyak beach.
Substitution of Fish Meal with Chicken Feather Silage Meal on Feed Can Improve Growth Performance of Striped Catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus)
Authors: Rachmawati Diana , Samidjan Istiyanto , Harwanto Dicky , Pranggono Hadi
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of substitution of fish meal with silage meal of chicken feathers on feed to protein digestibility, growth and survival rate of striped catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus). The test fish used is catfish with an average weight of 2.31 ± 0.04 grams /fish. This research used experimental method with Completely Randomized Design, 5 treatments in triplicate. The treatments in this study were substitution of fish meal meal with different dose of chicken feather meal, namely A, B, C, D and E (0%; 25%; 50%; 75% and 100% silage meal of chicken feathers, respectively). Parameters observed included relative growth rate (RGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), Apparent Digestibility Coefficient of Protein (ADCP), and survival rate (SR) of catfish. The results showed that the substitution of fish meal with chicken feather silage meal was very significant (P <0.01) to RGR, FCR, PER, and ADCP, but no significant effect (P> 0.05) on SR of catfish. Dose 25% silage chicken feather meal in the feed is the best dose to improve the RGR and ADCP of catfish. Water quality during the study is still within a reasonable range for catfish culture.
The Ability of Gracilaria Sp. to Absorb Ammoniac (NH3-N) and its Effect on Chlorophyll Content and Growth
Authors: Ihsan Yudi Nurul , Bangsa Rizky K. , Fellatami Kalysta , Pribadi Tri Dewi K.
Published: August 2020

One of the most commonly found component of domestic waste in coastal areas is ammoniac. Phytoremediation techniques can be done to reduce ammoniac concentrations. In this research, the technique uses the macroalgae Gracillaria sp. This study aims to measure the optimum ability of Gracillaria sp. to absorb ammoniac and its effect towards the primary productivity of water exposed to ammoniac. The research was done by comparing the reduction of ammoniac in seawater, which is used as a medium of experiment for 120 hours, with the ammoniac concentration in Gracillaria sp. The research method used was an experimental method with a completely randomized design of four treatments and three repetitions. The effectiveness results of ammoniac reduction by macroalgae in treatment A, B, C and D are 41.21%, 50.27%, 47.37% and 43.05% respectively. The initial concentration results of ammoniac in Gracillaria sp. was 20.75 mg/kg and the final concentrations in treatment A, B, C and D were 21.08 mg/kg, 21.20 mg/kg, 22.87 mg/kg and 24.44 mg/kg respectively. The measurement results of chlorophyll-a concentration in water coloumn ranged between 0.015 - 0.027 mg/l.
Dinâmica ativa em sala de aula no ensino-aprendizado da transcrição gênica em ciências da saúde
Authors: Lunardelli Adroaldo , Greff Machado Denise
Published: August 2020

A metodologia ativa cria um ambiente propício para que o acadêmico tenha a possibilidade de ser resolutivo frente a um desafio, gerando o perfil profissional que está em consonância com as competências gerais dos profissionais da saúde. O intuito deste desígnio é propor a experiência de utilização de metodologia ativa para cursos superiores de ciências da saúde, que solidifique os mecanismos envolvidos na transcrição genética, um conteúdo de grande importância técnica. Através da confecção e colagem de cartazes, a dinâmica interativa propõe a formação das fitas de DNA e a produção das fitas de transcrito primário e mRNA maduro. Através desta abordagem, este estudo é uma alternativa altamente enquadrada nas novas tendências pedagógicas que coloca o aluno como agente imbuído na construção do saber. Ademais, mostra-se um excelente procedimento por ser capaz de desenvolver competências no aluno, como tomada de decisão, comunicação, comprometimento, autonomia e trabalho em equipe, além de evidenciar a aplicabilidade da fundamentação biológica na prática clínica e profissional futura. A aplicação de mecanismos lúdicos impacta positivamente no aprendizado, tirando o indivíduo de sua zona de conforto ao mesmo tempo em que potenciam a criatividade e contribuem para o desenvolvimento intelectual. Estratégias de ensino estruturadas como esta, tornam a didática acadêmica mais assertiva no desenvolvimento acadêmico do aluno.
Stringency in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) criteria and application in clinical study recruitment
Authors: Schneider Catherine P. , Huddleston Heather , Masharani Umesh , Mason Ashley E. , Frassetto Lynda
Published: August 2020

Background: In this manuscript, we review the various criteria used to diagnosis PCOS, and discuss how the specific diagnostic criteria used can impact recruitment for PCOS studies. PCOS is a common diagnosis, but with a number of differing definitions. We were interested in addressing these differing stringencies and application in clinical trial, such as our group’s PCOS diet study.Methods: For our study on the effects of diets to alter insulin resistance, we adopted the one using more stringent criteria, consisting of biochemical abnormalities, menstrual abnormalities, insulin resistance and abnormal ovarian size and structure. Our study actively recruits from PCOS clinics in the Bay Area. We reported number of women successfully recruited using our PCOS diagnosis stringency, and how these numbers differ from women referred to PCOS clinics in the Bay Area. We also report the reasons patients did not fit our diagnosis criteria to shed insight into how diagnosis differ between healthcare professionals.Results: To our surprise, the vast majority of subjects seen in the tertiary referral PCOS center at UCSF did not qualify for the study.Conclusion: The definition of PCOS may be important in study design, and can impact the ability to recruit for the study.Trial registration: Date of registration: June 20, 2014, NIH ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02190097
Treatment Outcome Of Hyperglycemic Emergency And Predictors In Ethiopia
Authors: Tekeste Pawlos Asfaw , Mekonnen Gashaw Binega , Muche Achenef Asmamaw , Tigabu Bereket Molla
Published: August 2020

Background: Hyperglycemic Emergency (HE) denotes critical cases of decompensated diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) are the extreme cases of HE. This study aims to assess the treatment outcome of HE and predictors in Ethiopia.Method: Four-year medical records of DM patients admitted for HE at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital (HFSUH) were reviewed retrospectively. Data were entered into and cleaned by Epi-InfoTM7 software. The statistical analysis was executed using the statistical package for social sciences software (SPSS) version 24. Chi-square test and student’s t-test were done to compare categorical and continuous variables. Logistic regression with the level of α set at 0.05 and AOR of 95% CI was done to determine the predictors. Statistical significance was established at AOR ≠1 within a 95% CI and P-value < 0.05. The model was verified using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test (P = 0.392).Results: This study included 321 eligible patients. The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days. The pooled HE mortality was 16.5%; 21.4% of HHS and 11.1% of DKA died. Infection (AOR = 3.74, 95% CI: 1.85-7.57, P <0.001), comorbidity (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.34-6.48, P = 0.007), and lower admission Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8 (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.17-5.71, P = 0.019) were the independent predictors of HE mortality.Conclusion: Mortality and duration of hospital stay stand high among DM patients admitted with HE. Infection, comorbidity, and lower admission GCS ≤ 8 are the independent predictors of HE mortality.
Wound Care Differences in Paediatric Emergency Department: A Questionnaire Based one-centre study Before Developing and Implementing Minor-Trauma Care SOP
Authors: Simonyte Lina , Matukynaite Lina , Dagys Algirdas , Jankauskaite Lina
Published: August 2020

Background: Paediatric minor traumas/wounds are one of the most common reasons to visit paediatric emergency department (PED). In this study we evaluated how different specialty physicians in PED treat wounds and what methodologies they used before developing a unified wound care SOP.Methods: A prospective Questionnaire based one centre study was conducted in PED of Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos. All the physicians/fellows working in PED were asked to voluntarily fill anonymous questionnaire after each patient who required wound management.Results: In total, 166 questionnaires were collected and 148 were analysed. Mean age of the patients was 5.91 [3.13-8.13] years. Average laceration length was 1.75 [1.0-2.0] cm. The main injury area was forehead (28.4%), hairy part of the head composed 22.3% of all the wounds. Wounds did not differ in length treated by EM and surgical physicians; GP and paediatricians managed smaller wounds. Most wounds were cleaned with chlorhexidine gluconate or combination with hydrogen peroxide. 33.8% of wounds were sutured. In 12.8% suturing was combined with Steri-Strips™. In 43.2% of the cases no needle methods were used. Suturing was most often chosen by the surgical specialty clinician/fellow (66.7%). 48% of the patients were given anaesthesia (mostly locally). 8.7% of suturing cases received no anaesthesia at all. 4 children were prescribed antibiotics for aftercare. The check-up date for sutures removal was associated with location of the wound. Conclusion: this study revealed differences between various specialty physicians and fellows working in PED with regard to wound management starting with wound cleaning to laceration aftercare and recommendations. Thus, it led to a wound care SOP development seeking unified and evidence-based methodology of wound management and aftercare in PED.
Cultural adaptation and feasibility of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy in China: a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Li Jia , Li Jina , Yuan Lin , Zhou Ying , Qu Zhiyong
Published: August 2020

Background: The contradiction between the burden of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the lack of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) is common in low- and middle-income countries of Asia. The adaptation of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT) is helpful for meeting the needs of children in these countries. The objectives of this study were to describe the cultural adaptation process of TF-CBT and to explore the feasibility and acceptability of adapted interventions in China.Method: Based on the Map of the Adaptation Process (MAP), this study adapted the types of participants, form, content elements, length and language of TF-CBT. A total of 115 children and 8 facilitators participated in the pilot randomised controlled study. Feasibility was measured by the retention of children. Acceptability was assessed by the client satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ-8) and interviews with the children and facilitators.Result: An intervention based on TF-CBT that included 7 group sessions and 3 individual sessions was developed. The results of the pilot study showed that children had a high average retention rate (above 97%) and satisfaction (78.95%) with the intervention. Qualitative interviews showed that children and facilitators had high acceptance of the adapted intervention.Conclusion: The adapted group-based TF-CBT had good participant retention and satisfaction. It could be smoothly implemented in the Chinese school environment.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800019837. Registered 2 December 2018, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=33479.
Distribution Of Medical Institutions In Cold Regions Of China Based On Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Wu Yue , He Jun , Zhang Shanshan
Published: August 2020

Background：Recently, investments in the construction of medical resources have been increasing annually China, and consequently, the allocation of these resources has improved. However, the outbreak of covid-19 in 2020 highlights the problems in the distribution of medical institutions. After the occurrence of public health emergencies, the joint action of different levels of medical and health institutions can bring the role of urban medical and health system into full play. Therefore, after a global public health emergency, the study of medical institution distribution needs to be reconsidered.Methods：With the continuous application and development of GIS (Geographic Information System), the application of GIS in civil planning is relatively mature, and research investigating distribution has been conducted in depth. Based on this foundation, this paper analyzes the factors impacting distribution, such as the transportation system, land use characteristics and personal factors, by a weighted spatial separation model of a representative city in a cold region in China. Results：The data were sorted, edited and visually processed through the constructed geodatabase to perform an analysis of the spatial distributions of the factors impacting the accessibility of medical institutions in the study area. A weighted spatial separation model was built and applied to comprehensively consider several factors affecting accessibility, the accessibility of these medical institutions is significantly impacted when the spatial population distribution is considered as a factor in the weighted spatial separation model.Conclusions：The accessibility of medical institutions in this representative cold city in China was comparatively analyzed in this paper through theoretical research, software computations/simulations and model analysis based on the GIS paradigm. This study will help optimize the layout of medical institutions and improve medical equality.Trial registration: An ethics review and approval for this study was not required according to the local legislation and institutional requirements.
The Mentor-Mothers program in the Nigeria Department of Defense: Processes and Implementation
Authors: Ibu Josephine Moshe , Mhlongo Euphemia Mbali
Published: August 2020

Background : Nigeria has the second largest HIV epidemic in the world and one of the countries with the highest rates of new pediatric infections in sub-Saharan Africa. The country faces several challenges in the provision of healthcare services and coverage of Prevention of Mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). Antiretroviral coverage is still low as research has shown that in 2019 only 32% of pregnant women living with HIV had access to antiretroviral drugs for PMTCT, with about 12% of HIV-exposed infants receiving testing for early diagnosis by age 2 months. To achieve optimal viral load suppression and reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, the World Health Organization in 2006 recommended “Task Shifting” as a means of initiating and managing more patients to meet the demand for antiretroviral therapy. In the Nigeria’s Department of Defense (DoD) this task redistribution necessitated utilizing Mentor Mothers to facilitate antiretroviral compliance and retention in care. This was to boost the health workforce and attain target achievement with PMTCT in the DoD. The aim of this study was explore those processes that guide implementation of the mentor mother program for PMTCT of HIV in some hospitals in the DoD in Nigeria as no research has been conducted in this area so far. Methods: The case study methodology, qualitative research approach was utilized and in-depth interviews were conducted with relevant stakeholders. Open coding for major themes and sub-themes was done and data analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: Foundational Factors; Leadership; Skill acquisition; and Service Characteristics emerged as processes guiding the implementation of the Mentor-Mothers program in the Nigeria DoD.Conclusion: The findings support the Mentor Mother (MM) Model, which empowers mothers living with HIV – through education and employment – to promote access to essential services and medical care to other women. Working with governments, local partners, and communities played a pivotal role in the formation, facilitation, and implementation of the MM model to effectively decrease HIV infections in children, reduce child and maternal mortality, and support the livelihood, development of women, families and communities.
Association of socioeconomic factors with hikikomori in Japan from 2010–2019: a correlational study
Authors: Nonaka Shunsuke , Sakai Motohiro
Published: August 2020

Background

Although several surveys have suggested that socioeconomic factors function as background variables for the expression of hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal), no research has directly examined whether socioeconomic indicators increase the occurrence of hikikomori. This study aimed to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the expression of hikikomori using data covering a 10-year period.
Methods

We collected socioeconomic data between 2010 to 2019 from members of a multi-branch Japanese association for family members of hikikomori patients.
Results

The results of the partial correlation analysis and meta-analysis showed that the higher the unemployment rate, the greater the occurrence probability of hikikomori.
Conclusion

The findings suggest that socioeconomic factors relate to the increase in hikikomori, and that these factors should be included when identifying the individual or cultural factors that cause hikikomori.
Increased Hyaluronic Acid Level in Mid-Trimester Amniotic Fluid of Trisomy 21 Fetuses with Hydrops
Authors: Chang YL , Chao An-shine , shuenn-dyh Chang , You Shu-Han , Cheng Po-Jen
Published: August 2020

Background: Trisomy 21 is the most prevalent chromosomal anomaly among new-borns with mental disability. The phenotypes with trisomy 21 may involve short stature, mental retardation, shortness of the extremities, congenital heart disease and hydropsMaterial and methods: To evaluate the hyaluronic acid concentrations in amniotic fluid of trisomy 21 fetuses with and without hydrops.Materials and Methods: Totally 56 amniotic fluid supernatant samples were collected from pregnant women who underwent genetic amniocentesis for this study: group 1 were euploid fetuses without hydrops (n=30), group 2 were trisomy 21 fetuses without hydrops (n=16), group 3 were euploid fetuses with hydrops (n=6) and group 4 were trisomy 21 fetuses with hydrops (n=4). Hyaluronic acid concentrations in AF supernatants were evaluated by ELISA method.Results: There are no significant differences of hyaluronic acid concentrations between euploid and trisomy pregnancy in AF obtained from genetic amniocentesis. AF in the gestational age of amniocentesis among the four groups of fetuses; maternal age at amniotic fluid collected is oldest in group 2 fetuses. The amniotic fluid hyaluronic acid concentration is highest in group 4 fetuses, and is not significant difference among the other three groups. (P= 0.014, one way ANOVA test).Conclusion: Elevated hyaluronic acid concentration in amniotic fluid may associate with the pathophysiology of fetal hydrops in trisomy 21 fetuses.