bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Harga dan Lokasi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Rumah pada PT. Raden Jaya
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Haqiqi Teuku Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga dan lokasi baik secara sendiri-sendiri (parsial) maupun secara bersama-sama (simultan) terhadap keputusan pembelian  rumah pada PT. Raden Jaya Wilayah Palembang. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah sebesar 10 persen dari jumlah populasi yaitu  53 Responden. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga dan lokasi secara baik secara sendiri-sendiri (parsial) maupun secara bersama-sama (simultan) terhadap keputusan pembelian  rumah pada PT. Raden Jaya Wilayah Palembang digunakan persamaan Regresi Linier berganda. Berdasarkan analisis regresi diperoleh nilai t-hitung hasilnya nilai variabel Harga (X1) dan nilai variabel lokasi (X2) lebih kecil dari nilai alfa, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara parsial variabel harga dan lokasi terhadap keputusan membeli (Y). Pengujian secara simultan atau uji F dapat diketahui bahwa nilai Fhitung lebih kecil dari nilai alfa, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan variabel harga dan lokasi terhadap keputusan membeli (Y).  Kesimpulan menunjukan harga dan lokasi pengaruh baik secara sendiri-sendiri (parsial) maupun secara bersama-sama (simultan) terhadap keputusan pembelian  rumah pada PT. Raden Jaya Wilayah Palembang.
...ALCOHOL ... MAKES A YOUNG SENSITIVE MAN A BRUTAL BEAST»: ALCOHOLISM IN STUDENT AND GYMNASIUM ENVIRONMENTS OF HALYCHYNA AND THE FIGHT AGAINST IT IN THE END OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY
Authors: MYSAK Nataliia
Published: December 2022

The problem of spreading such deviations as drunkenness and alcoholism in the youth environment of Halychyna in the late XIX – early XX centuries is analyzed. In particular, studied the genesis and main causes of this phenomenon: financial difficulties of a large part of young people, changes in their lifestyle and living environment (relocation to the city), difficult economic situation, alcohol consumption as an attempt to «escape» from reality, limited ways of spending leisure time, lack of extracurricular life and total control over it by the school administration, public disregard for alcoholism and drunkenness, alcohol consumption for fun, family feast traditions, a negative example of seniors, especially teachers, cheapness of alcohol, availability of the one to students and gymnasists, even a kind of «fashion» for alcohol in youth circles. Emphasis is placed on the increasing scale of alcoholism in Halychyna society, the gradual awareness of young people of the complexity of the problem, and the search for ways out of it. The two main directions of fighting alcoholism in student and gymnasium environments are analyzed: the one implemented by the educational administration of the region and heads of educational institutions and the second initiated by the youth itself. Insignificant effectiveness of measures taken by school authorities to solve the problem was noted. They were either informative or authoritarian and were limited to strengthening control over the behavior of secondary school students. The main form of eradication of alcoholism among young people at the beginning of World War I was disciplinary proceedings with subsequent punishment of violators of the behavioral rules in and out of school. Detected the efforts of the educational institutions authorities not to advertise manifestations of alcoholism among students and solve the problem within the school. Studied the main methods of fighting alcoholism used by young people: educational activities (lectures, reports, exhibitions), expanding the information field on the problem, creating a network of anti-alcohol clubs in schools, spreading the idea of sobriety and abstinence movement, promoting healthy lifestyles and sports. The role of public initiative, in particular the Scout movement, «Plast», «Renaissance», «Eleusis», «Ukraine», «Sokil», etc. in the fight against alcoholism is analyzed.
Extração assistida por ultrassom de compostos antioxidantes de orégano (Origanum vulgare L.) utilizando planejamento de experimentos
Authors: Silva Natallya Marques da , Bezerra Rogério Aleson Dias , Sodré Lainy Waleska de Brito , Matiucci Marcos Antonio , Souza Maria Luiza Rodrigues de , Gomes Raquel Guttierres , Feihrmann Andresa Carla
Published: December 2022

O orégano (Origanum vulgare L.) é uma especiaria mundialmente conhecida e amplamente utilizada como tempero em alimentos, além de ser usado em bebidas e perfumarias. O extrato do orégano desidratado é uma substância rica em compostos bioativos, e destaca-se por suas características antioxidantes e antimicrobianas. A procura por processos otimizados, livre de desperdícios e não prejudiciais ao meio ambiente tem gerado diversas pesquisas, e a técnica de ultrassom é uma técnica promissora que se enquadra nestes requisitos. Neste estudo desenvolveu-se um planejamento experimental de forma a otimizar condições de extração de compostos fenólicos e antioxidantes do orégano desidratado, subtendo o mesmo à extração assistida por ultrassom, verificando a influência da técnica na extração de compostos. As variáveis independentes foram tempo (X1 = 2,5, 6,25 e 10 min), amplitude (X2= 20, 30 e 60%) e temperatura (X3= 40, 50 e 60 °C). As condições ideais obtidas foram tempo 10min, temperatura 60ºC, amplitude 20%. Os valores obtidos para compostos fenólicos variaram de 17,17 a 345,14 mg de equivalente de ácido gálico (EAG) L-1 e para os antioxidantes entre 509,37 a 1146,875 mmol de Trolox equivalente/g de extrato.
Conhecimento de adolescentes sobre a contracepção e suas consequências
Authors: Quaresma Laís Gadelha Oliveira , Nogueira Ádria Mayara Pantoja , Fayal Yasmim Leão , Imbiriba Margareth Maria Braun Guimarães , Monteiro Yasmin Cristino , Cunha Amanda Guimarães , Oliveira Zaline de Nazare Oliveira de , Barbosa Jessica Soares , Carvalho Manoel Messias Rebouças de , Alves Andrey Emanuel Anaisse
Published: December 2022

Objetiva-se conhecer o que os adolescentes sabem sobre as práticas sexuais seguras e seus benefícios.  Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo com abordagem quantitativa, a ser desenvolvida a partir de um questionário com perguntas abertas, realizado na Escola Estadual de Ensino Médio Mário Brasil, localizada na cidade de Garrafão do Norte, estado do Pará, na qual atendeu 1033 alunos regularmente matriculados no ano de 2018. A pesquisa foi realizada com adolescentes de ambos os sexos com idade de 15 aos 19 anos, nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2019. Foram analisados 337 questionários, sendo este divido em dois eixos, o primeiro com informações pessoais e o segundo com a avaliação sobre o conhecimento dos adolescentes sobre contracepção. Com o estudo em questão espera-se que tenha mais visibilidade sobre o desconhecimento dos adolescentes sobre os métodos contraceptivos, para assim, realizar educação em saúde para esse público, uma vez que, a vida sexual se inicia cada vez mais precocemente.
Utilização do resíduo de malte da indústria cervejeira como meio alternativo para o cultivo da Spirulina platensis e Spirulina máxima
Authors: Varandas Roberta Conceição Ribeiro , Pereira Andressa Coimbra , Araújo Vilma Barbosa da Silva , Andrade Patrícia de Moura , Nonato Nyelson da Silva , Costa Maria Helena Juvito da , Pina Luís Celso Cardoso de , Handam Viviane Pereira Tibúrcio , Sassi Cristiane Francisca da Costa , Conceição Marta Maria da
Published: December 2022

Espécies pertencentes ao gênero Spirulina estão entre os microrganismos fotossintéticos de maior importância comercial. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o cultivo da Spirulina platensis e Spirulina máxima com substituição parcial de meio sintético por meio de cultura de baixo custo RM (resíduo de malte de cevada) bem como extrair compostos bioativos aplicaveis a indústria de alimentos. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de crescimento, composição da biomassa, concentrações de proteínas, carboidratos, lipídios, ácidos graxos, extração de ficocianina, polissacarídeos e monossacarídeos. Os cultivos utilizando RM na concentração de 50% obtiveram crescimento equivalente ao controle. O teor de clorofila foi superior para as duas espécies de Spirulina cultivadas no meio controle. Os teores de ficocianina foram superiores para Spirulina platensis. Os maiores teores proteicos foram encontrados para Spirulina platensis (55,9g 100g-1) seguida da Spirulina maxima (53,3g 100g-1) cultivadas em RM. Os ácidos polinsaturados linoleico e alfa-linolênico apresentaram percentuais mais elevados nas cepas cultivadas em RM. O teor de PUFA foi maior nos cultivos em meio RM, variando de 57 a 59%. A extração de polissacarídeos com água quente/ultrassom apresentou maiores valores nas duas espécies cultivadas em meio RM variando de 8,3 a 11,2%. O teor de exopolissacarídeos destacou-se no cultivo com meio RM (191 a 193mg·L-1) para ambas as espécies. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a utilização de resíduo de malte como substituto parcial ao meio controle é adequada como meio alternativo para o cultivo das Spirulinas platensis e maxima. Além disso, destaca-se o potencial de seus compostos bioativos para a indústria de alimentos.
Adherence of Escherichia coli and blood elements in titanium discs submitted to anodic oxidation. In vitro study
Authors: Matos Flávia Gomes , Albach Thais , Bermúdez Jorge Pailover , Souza Gelson Biscaia de , Santos Fábio André dos , Pinto Shelon Cristina Souza
Published: December 2022

Modifications of implants by means of surface treatments are performed to optimize the biochemical interactions of the bone deposition process. However, if on the one hand they favor the adhesion of blood elements, on the other hand they can also enable the formation of biofilm. This study evaluated the adherence of blood cells and Escherichia coli in titanium discs submitted to surface treatments by anodic oxidation (OA), sandblasting followed by acid etching (JAT) compared with untreated discs (Li). To evaluate the adherence of microorganisms were performed: atomic force microscopy; Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM); biofilm formation was evaluated by spectrophotometer turbidity analysis and colony forming unit (CFU/mL) before and after simulated brushing. For blood cell adherence, the blood collected from a patient was deposited and fixed on the discs and analyzed in the FEG-SEM being classified according to the "Blood Element Adherence Index". The results showed a slight increase in the adhesion of microorganisms in samples treated by anodic oxidation. However, the microorganisms were distributed singly and not in conglomerates, with no biofilm formation unlike the Li group. Regarding the adherence of blood elements, the Li group showed higher adherence and lower amount was found in the JAT group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The results of this study suggest that anodic oxidation treatment may favor the adherence of blood cells and fibrin mesh, contributing to the early stages of bone deposition.
Dificuldades dos profissionais de saúde no uso de luvas de látex: revisão de literatura
Authors: Balbino Carlos Marcelo , Loureiro Lucrécia Helena , Oliveira Aline Viviane de , Sepp Valquíria Jorge , Bittencourt Mariana Emília da Silveira , Carmo Annibal José Roris Rodriguez Scavarda do
Published: December 2022

Teve-se como objetivo identificar as dificuldades no uso de luvas de procedimento de látex. Tratou-se de uma revisão de literatura, a captura das publicações realizou-se em janeiro de 2020 com a busca virtual por meio do Portal PubMed e Lilacs utilizando-se dos seguintes descritores: Pessoal de saúde; Luvas protetoras; Hipersensibilidade ao Látex; Doença Ocupacional; Saúde do Trabalhador, com operadores boleanos AND E OR, publicados em português, espanhol, francês e inglês, do tipo artigo. Percebeu-se que a pouca ou perda da sensibilidade foram dificuldades apontadas na maioria dos artigos, seguidos de desconforto e dificuldades no manuseio, e também identificou-se outros relatos referentes a desajustes, baixa durabilidade das luvas, desgaste das luvas, perfuração, dermatite, baixa qualidade dos materiais componentes da luva e Risco de contaminação.  Conclusão: A pouca sensibilidade, desconforto e o manuseio durante os procedimentos ao uso de luvas mostraram-se como dificuldades relevantes identificadas no relato de profissionais, com isto, estudos deverão ser desenvolvidos no sentido de dimensionar na prática clínica na participação das luvas nos procedimentos de saúde e implementar ações efetivas de controle do uso deste importante equipamento de proteção.
Relevância do agronegócio na economia brasileira
Authors: Oliveira Loislaine Kassia da Silva , Lopes Rogerio Santiago , Santos Wilker Jose Caminha dos
Published: December 2022

A agricultura a cada dia tem evoluído no Brasil, tornando o país um dos maiores produtores e exportadores de grãos, com isso elevando o PIB brasileiro, principalmente após a pandemia do COVID-19, onde o Brasil teve uma crescente subida na balança econômica. Levando em consideração os dados em toneladas e porcentagens de crescimento referentes aos cereais exportados, o Brasil tornou-se uma potência no ano de 2021. Para entender melhor o funcionamento do agronegócio no Brasil, foi elaborada a presente pesquisa bibliográfica a partir de dados e relatórios divulgados em plataformas de artigos acadêmicos e em materiais apresentados pelo IBGE, CNA, IPEA e institutos governamentais. Verifica-se que neste cenário do agronegócio, a soja ganha maior destaque em produção em relação aos outros grãos produzidos e exportados pelo Brasil. Por fim, o artigo ora desenvolvido tende a abordar desde as futuras projeções do Valor bruto da produção até a importante influência do agronegócio no PIB brasileiro, evidenciando sua alta relevância para a economia do Brasil. Com base em estudos recentes, já é evidente que o país será um dos principais polos mundiais quanto a produção de biocombustíveis e algodão.
Güreşçilerde Geleneksel ve Cluster Setleme Aktivasyon Sonrası Potansiyel Protokolünün Dikey Sıçrama ve Anaerobik Performans Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Öztürk Barışcan , Engin Hakan , Büyüktaş Bilgihan , Türkeri Cenab
Published: December 2022

Çalışmanın amacı, güreşçilerde Geleneksel Setleme (GS) yöntemi ve Cluster Setleme (CS) yöntemi ile oluşturulmuş Post Aktivasyon Potansiyeli (PAP) protokolünün dikey sıçrama ve anaerobik performans üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya branşında 5,00±0,86 yıllık spor geçmişine sahip toplam 17 gönüllü erkek güreşçi katılmıştır. Sporcular tesadüfi yöntemle GS ve CS grup olarak ikiye ayrılmıştır. Araştırma 24 saat aralıkla 3 oturumdan oluşmuştur. İlk oturumda sporcuların 1 TM yükleri belirlenmiş, ikinci oturumda sporculara ön test Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) testi uygulanmıştır. Son oturumda GS grubundaki sporcular %85 (1-TM) 2x8 tekrar squat hareketini (set arası 210 sn dinlenmeler), CS grubundaki sporcular ise %85 (1-TM) 8x2 tekrar squat hareketini (set arası 30 sn dinlenmeler) uyguladıktan sonra her iki grup 2 dk dinlenme sonrası son test CMJ testi uygulamıştır. Gruplar normal dağılım gösterdiği için grup içi ön test-son test farklılığını belirlemek amacıyla Eşleştirilmiş Örneklem t test, gruplar arası CS-GS farklılığını belirlemek için de Bağımsız Örneklemler t testi kullanılmıştır. CS ve GS yöntemlerinde gruplar arası anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Grup içi karşılaştırmalarda da GS yöntemde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken, CS yöntemi uygulayan sporcuların dikey sıçrama, ortalama ve nispi anaerobik güç parametrelerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). CS yöntemi dikey sıçramayı %11,65, ortalama anaerobik gücü %6,18 ve nispi anaerobik gücü %6,58 oranında geliştirirken GS yönteminde oransal olarak gelişim bulunamamıştır. CS ve GS arasında fark olmamasına rağmen güreşçilere CS yöntemiyle uygulanan olan kuvvet antrenmanlarının, GS yöntemiyle uygulanan kuvvet antrenmanlarına göre dikey sıçrama ve anaerobik güç çıktılarını daha yüksek düzeyde geliştirdiği söylenebilir.
ANALISIS TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF BESERTA FUNGSINYA PADA KUMPULAN CERITA PENDEK SENYUM KARYAMIN KARYA AHMAD TOHARI
Authors: Arvelia Ika Wulan , Salsabila Zahrah Nada , Yudi Utomo Asep Purwo
Published: December 2022

Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian pragmatik mengenai tindak tutur direktif pada dalam Senyum Karyamin Kumpulan Cerita Pendek karya Ahmad Tohari. Tujuan penelitian (1) Menemukan dan menganalisis tindak tuur direktif pada Senyum Karyamin Kumpulan Cerita Pendek; (2) Membagi tindak tutur direktif yang sudah ditemukan kedalam jenis dan fungsinya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber data  berupa buku Senyum Karyamin Kumpulan Cerita Pendek. Data dianalisis dengan cara identifikasi, klasifikasi, deskripsi, dari tindak tutur direktif yang terkandung di dalam cerpen tersebut. Penelitian ini menemukan 23 tuturan direktif dengan 6 jenis tuturan direktif. Jenis tuturan yang paling dominan adalah tuturan bertanya. Diharapkan pembaca mampu memahami bentuk dan fungsi tindak tutur direktif pada Senyum Karyamin Kumpulan Cerita Pendek.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BAHASA MANDARIN DI KELUARGA TERHADAP PENGUASAAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA MANDARIN MAHASISWA JURUSAN SASTRA CHINA MARANATHA
Authors: Holic Jessica , Budianto Pauw
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang seberapa besar pengaruh keluarga terhadap penguasaan bahasa Mandarin Mahasiswa di Sastra China Maranatha. Salah satu alasan peneliti mendalami topik ini adalah meningkatnya kepentingan berbahasa Mandarin di dunia bisnis dan banyak orang yang takut masuk ke jurusan Sastra China karena tidak memiliki dasar bahasa Mandarin di Keluarga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dan teknik analisis secara deskriptif. Peneliti melakukan wawancara terhadap mahasiswa mahasiswa yang menguasai bahasa Mandarin untuk mendalami apa saja yang menjadi faktor penguasaan bahasa mereka. Hasil data yang didapat dari wawancara lalu dikaji menggunakan teori-teori akuisisi bahasa yang relevan. Contohnya adalah artikel ilmiah yang ditulis oleh ahli bahasa yang bernama Chomsky yang mengatakan bahwa pembelajaran bahasa terjadi secara natural dan lebih mudah jika dilakukan sejak kecil. Ada juga Teori dari ahli bahasa lain yang bernama Sri Hastuti yang membagi faktor pembelajaran bahasa menjadi 4 point. Pada akhirnya peneliti menemukan bahwa keluarga memang memiliki dampak yang besar dalam penguasaan bahasa Mandarin mahasiswa di Sastra China Maranatha, namun hal itu bukanlah satu-satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi proses akuisisi bahasa seorang anak. Banyak faktor lain yang saling mendukung dan mempengaruhi proses tersebut.
REPRESENTASI PESAN MORAL DALAM FILM PENDEK LAMUN SUMELANG (KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES)
Authors: Larasati Emiliya , Indriyani Jiphie Gilia
Published: December 2022

Masyarakat Gunungkidul memiliki sebuah mitos Pulung Gantung dan merupakan sebuah daerah dengan statistik kasus bunuh diri yang tertinggi. Kejadian faktual tersebut diangkat oleh rumah produksi Ravacana Films yang dikemas menjadi film pendek Lamun Sumelang pada tahun 2019. Sebuah fenomena lama yang patut diperhatikan oleh masyarakat kini, tidak untuk dikagumi. Namun, untuk dicarikan jalan keluar agar fenomena ini menjadi sejarah, bukan lagi sebuah jalan akhir para orang-orang putus asa. Banyak sekali faktor yang menyebabkan fenomena itu terjadi.  Lamun Sumelang dengan apik membongkar fenomena yang ada dengan durasi 18 menit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bagaimana representasi pesan moral dalam film pendek Lamun Sumelang melalui makna denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos dalam film tersebut. Peneliti menggunakan teori representasi Stuart Hall dan pendekatan semiotika Roland Barthes dengan alat analisis semiologi berupa pemaknaan denotatif, konotatif, dan mitos untuk menelaah objek material. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenis pesan moral yang terkandung dalam beberapa scene berupa dialog dan adegan pada film pendek Lamun Sumelang (2019) yaitu, pesan agama, pesan psikologis, dan pesan kritik sosial.
EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING OF MANDARIN CLASSES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Stephanie Clarissa , Ginting Daniel
Published: December 2022

During the pandemic, education is often called “emergency remote teaching.” Remote teaching and learning is a learning system that occurs beyond the physical buildings of the campus/school using the internet and electronic gadgets (computers, smartphones, etc.), which can help the teaching and learning process occur remotely. This paper employed a survey method to gather the data. With this method, the authors designed questions through an online questionnaire to tap teachers’ perceptions about how they have run online classes during the pandemic. This study focuses on two problem formulations: the extent to which Chinese language teachers carry out emergency Chinese online teaching and learning activities during the pandemic and how teachers carry out Chinese emergency online teaching and learning activities. This study found diversity in implementing Chinese emergency online classes, where most research subjects belong to high-prepared category. This proves that the response of Chinese language teachers is quite adaptive to implementing emergency online learning during this pandemic.

Keywords: remote, online, independent, emergency
WORKLOAD ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF LABOR IN SOAP PRODUCTION USING THE FULL TIME EQUIVALENT METHOD: A CASE STUDY OF PT. XY
Authors: Wahyulistiani Aisyah Fitri , Safirin M Tutuk , Tranggono Tranggono , Lantara Dirgahayu
Published: December 2022

PT. XY is a manufacturing company in Surabaya that produces household hygienic goods, such as soap bars and liquid soap. It is known that the actual condition of production in the company is still not optimal due to the uneven workload at each work station. This also results in workers experiencing excessive workloads that cause fatigue or illness, and there are more unemployed, causing decreased performance. According to the problems above, this research was conducted to determine the value of the workload received and to find out the optimal number of workers so that in the future work can be more effective and efficient. Solving workload analysis problems in this study using the Full Time Equivalent method. Based on the results of the study, it was known that the workload of the bar soap production section was 16 people, 3 people were found in the Normal category and 13 people experienced the workload in the Overload category. While the results of the workload of the liquid soap production section were 19 people, 6 people were found in the Normal category and 13 people experienced a workload in the Underload category. For calculating the optimal number of workers, the results obtained for the production of bar soap need to add 7 people to the workforce and liquid soap production to reduce the workforce by 3 people.
Aging-induced down-regulation of Pka/Bkca pathway in rat cerebral arteries
Authors: Li N , Shi R , Ye Y , Zhang Y , Zhang Y , Wang Z , Gu Y , Yin Y , Chen D , Tang J
Published: December 2022

The incidence of cerebrovascular diseases increases significantly with aging. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that aging may influence the protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent vasodilation via RyR/BKCa pathway in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control (4-6 month-old) and aged (24-month-old) groups. The functions of MCA and ion channel activities in smooth muscle cells were examined using myograph system and patch-clamp. Aging decreased the isoproterenol/forskolin-induced relaxation in the MCA. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated-K+ (BKCa) channel inhibitor, iberiotoxin, significantly attenuated the forskolin-induced vasodilatation and hyperpolarization in the young group, but not in the aged group. The amplitude and frequency of spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) were significantly decreased in the aged group. Single channel recording revealed that the mean open time of BKCa channels were decreased, while an increased mean closed time of BKCa channels were found in the aged group. The Ca2+/voltage sensitivity of the channels was decreased accompanied by reduced BKCa α and β1-subunit, the expression of RyR2, PKA-Cα and PKA-Cβ subunits were also declined in the aged group. Aging induced down-regulation of PKA/BKCa pathway in cerebral artery in rats. The results provides new information on further understanding in cerebrovascular diseases resulted from age-related cerebral vascular dysfunction.
STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN DESCRIBING PLACE AT SPEAKING CLASS: EXPLORING THE INFLUENCING FACTORS
Authors: Novita Loly , Gundary Puspa , Gusparia Gusparia
Published: December 2022

The objective of this research is to know the factors that influence the students’ difficulties in describing places based on internal and external factors. The subject of this research consists 24 students. The method used in this study was Descriptive Analysis. The data            of this research were gathered through quiz and interview questions. The techniques of data analysis used quantitative and qualitative analysis. The researcher obtained the score of the quiz result were 66,5%. It was categorized fair good. And the factor that influence the students’ difficulties based on indicator of speaking in observation checklist were students still embarrassed, lack of vocabulary and grammar, difficulties in pronouncing word and difficulties in developing ideas while speaking. The factors that influence the students’ difficulties comes from the internal factors and external factors. From internal factors were Readiness to learn which is 40%, interest and talent is 73%, physiological is 46% and intelligence is 88. From the external factors are teaching methods and curriculum. Teaching methods is 26% and curriculum is 31%.
EKSEKUSI LELANG HAK TANGGUNGAN TERHADAP KREDIT MACET DI BANK NAGARI PUSAT PADANG
Authors: Prasetyanov Yudha , Kasinda Niko
Published: December 2022

Banks occupy a very important place in meeting the needs of the community.This can be seen from one of its goals,to satisfy credit needs,the descriptions in this journal are: 1) What are the causes ofbad loans at Bank Nagari.2) How is the execution mechanism of the mortgage auction as a settlement ofbad loans at Bank Nagari.3) What are the obstaclesandefforts made by the Bank towardstheauction execution mechanism as a settlementwith badcredit.To answer these problems, the writer conducted a descriptive sociological juridical research which was conducted to obtain primary data through interviews and the results obtained were presented descriptively. From the results of the research that the author conducted at Bank Nagari central Padang, it can be seen that: 1) The causes of the emergence of bad loans come from internal factors (creditors) andexternal factors (debtors)whichbothhave an important influence on credit. 2) The procedure for the auction execution mechanism at Bank Nagari through KP2LN which has the authority to execute the auction.3) The obstacles commonly encountered by the Bank in the execution of the auction are the price agreement which is dropped below the market price of the collateral, which causes the debtor whose credit is bad to feel loss.Keywords: Agreement, Execution, Auction, Mortgage, Bad Credit
HLA gamma block matching in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the development of graft versus host disease
Authors: Milosev Zoe , Burek Kamenaric Marija , Desnica Lana , Durakovic Nadira , Maskalan Marija
Published: December 2022

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes routinely typed for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1. HLA mismatches (MM), which have been associated with many post-transplantation complications, including acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), sometimes occur when a fully matched donor is not available. Gamma block (GB) is located in the central HLA region between Beta and Delta blocks and contains many inflammatory and immune regulatory genes, including the C4 gene. C4 was proposed as a marker when predicting haplotype matching due to positive linkage disequilibrium (LD) with its surrounding loci. Our aim was to investigate the association between GB matching in patients and their 9/10 HLA matched unrelated donors (UD) and the occurrence of GvHD. Patients and their UDs were typed using the PCR-SSP kit that detects 25 SNPs within GB. Gamma block mismatch occurred in 25 (75.8%) of the 33 studied patient-UD pairs. There was a significant difference in GvHD occurrence between Gamma type matched (GT-M) and mismatched (GT-MM) patient-UD pairs (p=0.0302). The probability of GvHD occurrence had also shown an increase, although insignificant, along with the number of GT-MM between patient-UD pairs (p=0.0913). These results suggest that GT matching could be useful in reducing the risk of post-HSCT complications.
Comparison between the homologous BNT162b2 and the heterologous Gam-COVID-Vac/BNT162b2 vaccine regimen in republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Nedelkoski Stefan , Mickovska Kristina , Savevska Tamara , Ristovski Vangel , Milanovski Gorjan , Brnjarcevska Teodora , Kirijas Meri , Petlichkovski Aleksandar
Published: December 2022

The medical and socio-economic consequences that stemmed from the COVID-19 pandemic, forced the healthcare policymakers in Republic of North Macedonia to rely on five different vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in order to reach a satisfactory level of herd immunity. It is here where we got the idea to compare the heterologous Gam-COVID-Vac/BNT162b2 regimen to the homologous BNT162b2 regimen, with our main focus being the immunogenicity differences between the two of them. Additionally, we researched the variation in humoral immune response relative to age strata; the reactogenicity differences; and discrepancies in SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence between the two regimens. To achieve this, antibody titers in sera samples from fifty-three (53) healthcare workers, divided in heterologous and homologous group, were analysed at six different time checkpoints. Our results showed robust immunogenic response after the administration of the booster dose (4. 2-fold increase in antibody titers), followed by a slower-waning humoral immune protection in the heterologous regimen, compared to the homologous BNT162b2 schedule, furthermore confirmed by non-inferiority testing (Geometric Mean Ratio=0,98) at the final checkpoint. That, coupled with the similar reactogenicity (p=0,767) of both regimens, imply that the Gam-COVID-Vac/BNT162b2 combination might be a feasible approach in the effort to contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
ANAYASA MAHKEMESİ VE AVRUPA İNSAN HAKLARI MAHKEMESİ KARARLARI IŞIĞINDA ANAYASAL BİR GÜVENCE OLARAK CEZA MUHAKEMESİNDE GEREKÇELİ KARAR HAKKI
Authors: YILDIRIM Akif
Published: December 2022

Gerekçe, bir hak olarak Anayasa’da açıkça düzenlenmemiştir. Ancak Anayasa’nın 141. maddesinin üçüncü fıkrasında tamamlayıcı bir düzenleme olarak mahkemelere kararlarını gerekçeli yazması yönünde bir yükümlülük yüklenmiştir. Anayasa Mahkemesine göre gerekçeli karar hakkının kaynağı Anayasa’nın 36. maddesidir. Söz konusu hak, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi (AİHM) tarafından da Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesinin (Sözleşme) 6. maddesinde geçen hakkaniyete uygun yargılanma hakkından türetilmiştir. Anayasal bir güvence olarak gerekçeli karar hakkı, hukukumuzda Anayasa Mahkemesi içtihatlarıyla ete kemiğe bürünmüştür. Anayasa Mahkemesi de bu hakkı yorumlarken AİHM kararlarını gözetmiştir. Gerekçeli karar hakkı medeni hak ve yükümlülüklere ilişkin uyuşmazlıklar için de tanınmış bir güvence olmasına karşın çoğunlukla suç isnadına ilişkin uyuşmazlıklarda gündeme gelmektedir. Çalışmada, gerekçeli karar hakkının ceza muhakemesi hukuku bağlamında anayasal boyutları Anayasa Mahkemesi ve AİHM kararları ışığında değerlendirilecektir.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Kayu Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli
Authors: Rahma Talitha Cresentia , Nugraha Dyan Fitri
Published: December 2022

Background: In the world, 800.000 children die every year due to diarrheal diseases. Chronic diarrhea is usually caused by a bacterial infection, one of which is E. coli. Empirically, Dayaknese in Sampit, Central Kalimantan consuming Laban bark to treat diarrhea and dysentery. Through this research, people get scientific information about Laban wood as an alternative herbal medicine for treating diarrhea.

Objective: To find out whether Laban bark can inhibit Escherichia coli bacteria and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration in Laban bark extract that can inhibit Escherichia coli bacteria.

Methods: This type of research used true experimental design with research post test only control group design. The research subjects were Escherichia coli cultured on Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) media and Laban bark extract with 3 different concentrations using the disc diffusion method. This study had 2 control groups and 3 treatment groups, DMSO as negative control, ciprofloxacin as positive control and ethanol extract of Laban bark with concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%. Inhibition zone diameter results were analyzed quantitatively in 3 replications.

Results: The results showed that the concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75% of the extract had bacterial inhibition, in the very strong antibacterial category.

Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Laban bark can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli with an minimun inhibitory concentration 25%, which is in the very strong inhibition category.

 

Keywords: Disc diffusion, Escherichia coli, Laban bark (Vitex pubescens Vahl)
The Effect of Education on The Behavior of Using Traditional Medicine in Babai Village, Karau Kuala Sub-district During The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Istiqomah Gina Aulia , Saputri Rina , Dona Sismeri
Published: December 2022

The Effect of Education on Behavioral Using Traditional Medicines in Babai Village, Karau Kuala District During the Covid 19 Pandemic. Supervised by RINA SAPUTRI and SISMERI DONA

 Background: Inappropriate drug use behavior greatly affects the success of therapy and the emergence of unwanted reactions from treatment. This inaccuracy of public behavior can occur because of the lack of public knowledge about drug information. Efforts to increase knowledge is to provide education. So an educational effort is needed, there are many educational media that can be used, one of which is video. Objective: This study aims to analyze how the influence of education on the behavior of using traditional medicine in Babai Village, Karau Kuala Sub-district during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Method: True experimental research with pretest and posttest group design approach. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The research sample amounted to 100 respondents. The data was obtained by using a questionnaire which was distributed using google form media.

Results: Community behavior towards the use of traditional medicine in Babai Village, Karau Kuala sub-district, seen from the pretest results, only 50% of the people behaved positively out of 100 respondents who used traditional medicine. After providing education to the intervention group, there was an improvement in positive behavior of 62.0%. The results of the SPSS analysis with logistic regression test showed a p-value of 0.045 <0.05 which indicated that there was a significant effect on the provision of education.

Conclusion: There is an effect of providing education with video media on the behavior of respondents towards the use of traditional medicine in Babai Village, Karau Kuala Sub-district during the covid19 pandemic.

 

Keywords: Behavior, education, video
Current Treatment and Primary Prophylaxis for Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Trasia Reqgi First
Published: December 2022

Background: Toxoplasmosis is still a health problem in the world. This parasite is found cosmopolitan in humans and animals. In Indonesia, the prevalence of positive anti-Toxoplasma gondii substances in humans ranges from 2-63%, but there are still few comprehensive studies on current treatment and prophylaxis to treat it.

Objective: This article will provide an in-depth review of current treatment and primary prophylaxis in toxoplasmosis.

Methods: Searching the latest literature, obtained 10 relevant journals.

Results: Initial therapy Pyrimethamine 200 mg was given for 6 weeks. Maintenance therapy (suppressive, secondary prophylaxis) is given for life if immune reconstitution does not occur. Primary prophylaxis against toxoplasmic encephalitis is given to patients who are seropositive for Toxoplasma.

Conclusion: Initial therapy, maintenance, and primary prophylaxis can be useful to prevent worsening of the prognosis of toxoplasmosis disease.
Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Daun Kapuk Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn) berdasarkan Tingkatan Fraksi
Authors: Wulandari Hesty , Rohama Rohama , Darsono Putri Vidiasari
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Daun kapuk randu (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn) merupakan tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di Kalimantan Tengah yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai penghambat pembentukan serta meluruhkan batu ginjal. Daun kapuk randu diketahui mengandung flavonoid yang mampu menghambat pembentukan dan meluruhkan batu ginjal.

Tujuan: Mengetahui kadar flavonoid total ekstrak daun kapuk randu pada fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat dan metanol.

Metode: Metode desktiptif observasional dengan melihat hasil dari data kualitatif yaitu dengan uji reaksi warna dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dan data kuantitatif yaitu dengan spektrofotometri Uv-Vis untuk melihat kadar total flavonoid.

Hasil: Hasil analisis kualitatif senyawa flavonoid dengan reaksi warna dan KLT menunjukkan positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Hasil analisis kuantitatif dengan spektrofotometri Uv-Vis didapatkan kadar total flavonoid untuk ekstrak etanol 96%, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi metanol berturut-turut adalah sebesar 31,663 mg QE / g atau 3,1667%; 5,167 mg QE / g atau 0,5167%; 51,833 mg QE / g atau 5,1833%; dan 7,166 mg QE / g atau 0,7166%. Kadar flavonoid total tertinggi yaitu pada fraksi etil asetat.

Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun kapuk randu dengan tingkatan fraksi mengandung senyawa flavonoid dengan kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak etanol 96%, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi metanol berturut-turut adalah sebesar 31,663 mg QE / g atau 3,1667%; 5,167 mg QE / g atau 0,5167%; 51,833 mg QE / g atau 5,1833%; dan 7,166 mg QE / g atau 0,7166%.
Hubungan NF-kB Pada Diabetes Dislipidemia : Literature Review
Authors: Yulia Nungky , Aryzki Saftia , Ikhsan Muhamma Rizki
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Sitokin NF-kB yang dihasilkan dapat menginduksi fase akut yang disebut inflamasi derajat rendah yang merupakan bagian dari aktivitas sistem imun bawaan. Hal ini berhubungan dengan patogenesis DM tipe 2, maka terjadi komplikasi yaitu dislipidemia dan aterosklerosis. Sitokin proinflamasi yang berperan sebagai pemicu stres pada endoplasma yang dapat meningkatkan metabolisme insulin dan pada diabetes tipe 2 yang ditandai dengan penurunan produksi insulin dan resistensi insulin.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis hubungan NF-kB dengan dislipidemia diabetik.Metode: Penilaian kriteria dalam studi literature review ini menggunakan JBI Critical Appraisal Tools untuk menilai risiko bias pada penelitian dengan jenis penelitian Randomized Controlled Trials. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data artikel dari database seperti PubMed, Elsevier, google schoolar, dll.Hasil: NF-kB memiliki hubungan dengan dislipidemia diabetik dengan hasil nilai P > 0,005 dan nilai signifikansi kadar TNF-a serum (p = 0,002), kadar IL-6 serum (p = 0,067) pada dislipidemia akibat diabetes. Dislipidemia diabetik yang dianalisis dengan genotipe penyisipan menunjukkan peningkatan ekspresi sitokin proinflamasi dan aktivitas NF-kB.Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa ada hubungan antara NF-kB dengan dislipidemia diabetik. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan tingginya kadar NF-kB serum dan TNF-a yang berperan dalam komplikasi yang berhubungan dengan diabetes mellitus melalui perannya dalam menginduksi inflamasi.
Microglial knockdown does not affect acute withdrawal but delays analgesic tolerance from oxycodone in male and female C57BL/6J mice
Authors: El Jordi Omar , Fischer Kathryn D. , Meyer Timothy B. , Atwood Brady K. , Oblak Adrian L. , Pan Raymond W. , McKinzie David L.
Published: December 2022

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) affects approximately 8%–12% of the population. In dependent individuals, abrupt cessation of opioid taking results in adverse withdrawal symptoms that reinforce drug taking behavior. Considerable unmet clinical need exists for new pharmacotherapies to treat opioid withdrawal as well as improve long-term abstinence. The neuroimmune system has received much scientific attention in recent years as a potential therapeutic target to combat various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including addiction. However, the specific contribution of microglia has not been investigated in oxycodone dependence. Chronic daily treatment with the CSF1R inhibitor Pexidartinib (PLX3397) was administered to knockdown microglia expression and evaluate consequences on analgesia and on naloxone induced withdrawal from oxycodone. In vivo results indicated that an approximately 40% reduction in brain IBA1 staining was achieved in the PLX treatment group, which was associated with a delay in the development of analgesic tolerance to oxycodone and maintained antinociceptive efficacy. Acute withdrawal behavioral symptoms, brain astrocyte expression, and levels of many neuroinflammatory markers were not affected by PLX treatment. KC/GRO (also known as CXCL1) was significantly enhanced in the somatosensory cortex in oxycodone‐treated mice receiving PLX. Microglial knock-down did not affect the expression of naloxoneinduced opioid withdrawal but affected antinociceptive responsivity. The consequences of increased KC/GRO expression within the somatosensory cortex due to microglial reduction during opioid dependence are unclear but may be important for neural pathways mediating opioid‐induced analgesia.
Microbiome analysis and biocontrol bacteria isolation from rhizosphere soils associated with different sugarcane root rot severity
Authors: Li Xinyang , Liu Yue , Wang Ziting , Yang Chenglong , Zhang Runzhi , Luo Yibao , Ma Yuming , Deng Yizhen
Published: December 2022

To explore the causal pathogen and the correlated rhizosphere soil microecology of sugarcane root rot, we sampled the sugarcane root materials displaying different disease severity, and the corresponding rhizosphere soil, for systematic root phenotype and microbial population analyses. We found that with increased level of disease severity reflected by above-ground parts of sugarcane, the total root length, total root surface area and total volume were significantly reduced, accompanied with changes in the microbial population diversity and structure in rhizosphere soil. Fungal community richness was significantly lower in the rhizosphere soil samples from mildly diseased plant than that from either healthy plant, or severely diseased plant. Particularly, we noticed that a peculiar decrease of potential pathogenic fungi in rhizosphere soil, including genera Fusarium, Talaromyces and Neocosmospora, with increased level of disease severity. As for bacterial community, Firmicutes was found to be of the highest level, while Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi of the lowest level, in rhizosphere soil from healthy plant compared to that from diseased plant of different severity. FUNGuild prediction showed that the proportion of saprophytic fungi was higher in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants, while the proportion of pathogenic fungi was higher in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. By co-occurrence network analysis we demonstrated the Bacillus and Burkholderia were in a strong interaction with Fusarium pathogen(s). Consistently, the biocontrol and/or growth-promoting bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil were mostly (6 out of 7) belonging to Bacillus and Burkholderia species. By confrontation culture and pot experiments, we verified the biocontrol and/or growth-promoting property of the isolated bacterial strains. Overall, we demonstrated a clear correlation between sugarcane root rot severity and rhizosphere soil microbiome composition and function, and identified several promising biocontrol bacteria strains with strong disease suppression effect and growth-promoting properties.
Light responsive hydrogels for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Xing Yanghui , Zeng Buhui , Yang Wang
Published: December 2022

Light is an easy acquired, effective and non-invasive external stimulus with great flexibility and focusability. Thus, light responsive hydrogels are of particular interests to researchers in developing accurate and controlled drug delivery systems. Light responsive hydrogels are obtained by incorporating photosensitive moieties into their polymeric structures. Drug release can be realized through three major mechanisms: photoisomerization, photochemical reaction and photothermal reaction. Recent advances in material science have resulted in great development of photosensitizers, such as rare metal nanostructures and black phosphorus nanoparticles, in order to respond to a variety of light sources. Hydrogels incorporated with photosensitizers are crucial for clinical applications, and the use of ultraviolet and near-infrared light as well as up-conversion nanoparticles has greatly increased the therapeutic effects. Existing light responsive drug delivery systems have been utilized in delivering drugs, proteins and genes for chemotherapy, immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, wound healing and other applications. Principles associated with site-specific targeting, metabolism, and toxicity are used to optimize efficacy and safety, and to improve patient compliance and convenience. In view of the importance of this field, we review current development, challenges and future perspectives of light responsive hydrogels for controlled drug delivery.
African-specific polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum serine repeat antigen 5 in Uganda and Burkina Faso clinical samples do not interfere with antibody response to BK-SE36 vaccination
Authors: Arisue Nobuko , Palacpac Nirianne Marie Q. , Ntege Edward H. , Yeka Adoke , Balikagala Betty , Kanoi Bernard N. , Bougouma Edith Christiane , Tiono Alfred B. , Nebie Issa , Diarra Amidou , Houard Sophie , D’Alessio Flavia , Leroy Odile , Sirima Sodiomon B. , Egwang Thomas G. , Horii Toshihiro
Published: December 2022

BK-SE36, based on Plasmodium falciparum serine repeat antigen 5 (SERA5), is a blood-stage malaria vaccine candidate currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Phase 1 trials in Uganda and Burkina Faso have demonstrated promising safety and immunogenicity profiles. However, the genetic diversity of sera5 in Africa and the role of allele/variant-specific immunity remain a major concern. Here, sequence analyses were done on 226 strains collected from the two clinical trial/follow-up studies and 88 strains from two cross-sectional studies in Africa. Compared to other highly polymorphic vaccine candidate antigens, polymorphisms in sera5 were largely confined to the repeat regions of the gene. Results also confirmed a SERA5 consensus sequence with African-specific polymorphisms. Mismatches with the vaccine-type SE36 (BK-SE36) in the octamer repeat, serine repeat, and flanking regions, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in non-repeat regions could compromise vaccine response and efficacy. However, the haplotype diversity of SERA5 was similar between vaccinated and control participants. There was no marked bias or difference in the patterns of distribution of the SE36 haplotype and no statistically significant genetic differentiation among parasites infecting BK-SE36 vaccinees and controls. Results indicate that BK-SE36 does not elicit an allele-specific immune response.