bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USE OF A LEAF COLOR MARKER GENE TO DETECT APOMIXIS INMALUSSPECIES AND OBSERVATIONS ON THE VARIABILITY OF THE APOMICTIC SEEDLINGS
Authors: Sampson D. R.
Published: March 2010

Controlled pollinations, using pollen from a diploid cultivar that was homozygous for a dominant gene controlling leaf anthocyanin, enabled Malus seedlings to be sorted into maternal types and hybrids soon after germination. The facultatively apomictic species M. sargentii, M. sieboldii, and M. sikkimensis gave 37 to 79% hybrids, whereas M. hupehensis gave only maternal types but produced much nonviable seed. The progenies of M. baccata, M. honanensis, M. micromalus, M. prunifolia, M. robusta, M. rockii, and M. zumi consisted almost entirely of sexual hybrids. Within each progeny, the hybrids of the three partly apomictic species were more variable than the maternal types in height, stem diameter and shoot weight, but the differences within the progeny of M. sikkimensis were not significant because of the remarkable uniformity of the hybrids from this 3n × 2n cross. Coefficients of variation for the apomictic seedlings showed that those of M. sikkimensis were the most uniform, those of M. sieboldii were the least uniform, and the apomicts of M. sargentii were intermediate.
PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF RUSSIAN THISTLE, KOCHIA, AND GARDEN ATRIPLEX AS POTENTIAL HIGH PROTEIN CONTENT SEED CROPS FOR SEMIARID AREAS
Authors: Coxworth E. C. M. , Bell J. M. , Ashford R.
Published: March 2010

An initial study of three uncultivated plants of the Canadian prairies, kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.], Russian thistle (Salsola kali var. tenuifolia Tausch.), and garden atriplex (Atriplex hortensis L.), suggests that kochia and Russian thistle warrant further examination as high-protein-content seed crops for semiarid areas. Plot trials gave seed yields of 2,170 kg/ha for kochia, 1,640 kg/ha for Russian thistle, but only 856 kg/ha for garden atriplex. Saponins were found in significant amounts in kochia and garden atriplex, saponin equivalent in hemolytic activity to 19.4 mg and 30.6 mg digitonin per gram seed, respectively. Most of the saponin was removed, without major loss of protein, by extracting whole seeds with hot water or ethanol. In small-animal feeding trials using mice, Russian thistle seed meal (hexane-extracted) gave weight gains of 11.5–13.6 g in 14 days, comparable to the control diet at all levels tested. The weight gains on diets containing 7–14% meals from water-washed or ethanol-extracted kochia seed, or from water-washed garden atriplex seed, were comparable to the control diet, but weight gains decreased to 6.7–9.5 g in 14 days on diets containing 28–35% of these seed meals. Correlation between feed consumption and weight gain suggested that poor palatability was the main factor affecting performance.
RELATIONSHIP OF CHIPPING QUALITY OF POTATOES TO MATURITY AND STORAGE TEMPERATURE
Authors: Walkof Charles , Chubey B. B.
Published: March 2010

Acceptable chip quality based on chip color was obtained in five potato cultivars freshly harvested in August, September and October. Placing the tubers in 5 °C storage severely impaired chip quality. Reconditioning the tubers at 21 °C for 2 weeks improved chip quality in the cultivar Kennebec harvested in October and in two experimental cultivars, F5208 and F5889 harvested in September and October. Tubers of the cultivars Warba and Irish Cobbler from all harvests failed to become reconditioned satisfactorily. Preconditioning tubers at 21 °C before storing them at 5 °C and then reconditioning at 21 °C improved chip color in all cultivars. The color improved to an acceptable level in tubers of Kennebec harvested in October and of the experimental cultivars harvested in September and October. In these also, preconditioning produced good chip color when tubers were chipped directly from 5 °C storage. Tubers from all harvests of the experimental cultivar F5889, including those harvested when immature in August, chipped well from storage at 5 °C after 5 weeks of preconditioning at 21 °C.
TREE GROWTH HABITS IN RADIATION-INDUCED MUTANTS OF McINTOSH APPLE
Authors: Lapins K. O.
Published: March 2010

Four-year-old trees of 20 radiation-induced mutants of the McIntosh cultivar were compared for tree vigor and growth type. Wide variation in tree vigor was found among clones. In tree type, various degrees of compactness were recorded. Tree vigor and compactness of growth showed all possible combinations among the various clones, an indication that each character was affected independently by irradiation treatment.
IMPORTANCE OF TIME AND CONCENTRATION OF ANNUAL APPLICATIONS OF SUCCINIC ACID 2,2-DIMETHYL HYDRAZIDE (ALAR) TO POME FRUITS: II. ANJOU PEARS
Authors: Looney Norman E.
Published: March 2010

Succinic acid 2,2-dimethyl hydrazide (Alar) was applied to Anjou pear trees at three concentrations and four different times in 1966 and again in 1967. A slight but significant reduction in shoot growth was evident, and in 1967 a significant increase in bloom resulted from the treatments applied in 1966 prior to flower bud initiation. In each case, timing was of greater significance than the concentration employed. In a parallel study, Alar reduced but did not satisfactorily control preharvest drop of Anjou pears.
EFFECT OF THE ROOT-LESION NEMATODE ON YIELD OF FOUR FORAGE LEGUMES UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS
Authors: Willis C. B. , Thompson L. S.
Published: March 2010

Foliage yields of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were reduced by root-lesion nematodes [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filip. and Stekh, 1941]. Foliage yields generally decreased with increased infestation levels. Significant yield reductions were recorded at the time of first cutting for white clover and birdsfoot trefoil, but not until several cuts later for red clover and alfalfa. Mean yields of birdsfoot trefoil, red clover, alfalfa, and white clover infested with 7,500 nematodes per pail were 50, 73, 83, and 93%, respectively, of control yields.
SOME VARIATIONS IN SELF FERTILITY IN THE RED RASPBERRY
Authors: Daubeny Hugh A.
Published: March 2010

not available
TEMPERATURE COMPARISONS OF PURPLE AND DILUTE SUN RED ANTHOCYANIN COLOR TYPES IN MAIZE
Authors: Chong Calvin , Brawn R. I.
Published: March 2010

not available
CONTENT OF CERTAIN TRACE ELEMENTS IN RANGE FORAGES FROM SOUTH CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Fletcher K. , Brink V. C.
Published: March 2010

not available
RAPID GERMINABILITY TEST FOR WHITE SPRUCE
Authors: Hocking D. , Etter H. M.
Published: March 2010

not available
LOW EMERGENCE OF ’PROLIFIC’ SPRING RYE CAUSED BY A PYTHIUM SPECIES IN SOIL
Authors: Harper A. M. , Smith A. D. , Harper F. R.
Published: March 2010

not available
CONTROLLED RELEASE OF MAGNESIUM, ZINC, BORON AND NITROGEN FROM POLYETHYLENE CAPSULES
Authors: Ashby D. L.
Published: March 2010

Perforated polyethylene capsules were studied as a means of controlling the rate of release of Mg, Zn and B fertilizer salts. For ryegrass in the greenhouse, encapsulation generally resulted in more uniform Zn levels and reduced B toxicity, as compared with soil application.N application increased yield tenfold. Encapsulated N was more effective than soil-applied N. Mg in capsules with N reduced yields, but B and/or Zn with N had little effect. Zn and B, and N and Mg were mutually antagonistic in their release from capsules.The rate of release of Mg from capsules incubated in soil columns was relatively constant over 36 weeks. Percent Mg released was generally higher in a silt loam than in a loamy sand. Release of Mg was also greater from capsules with perforations on the upper or both surfaces than from capsules with perforations on the lower surface. Movement of Mg from capsules with perforations on both surfaces was predominantly downward.
STORAGE QUALITY OF McINTOSH APPLES AS AFFECTED BY REMOVAL OF ETHYLENE FROM THE STORAGE ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Forsyth F. R. , Eaves C. A. , Lightfoot H. J.
Published: March 2010

Preclimacteric McIntosh apples were maintained under low (average 6 ppm) C2H4 and high (average 1,570 ppm) C2H4 levels for 189 days at 3.3 °C. Subsequent analysis of the fruit revealed that the low C2H4 storage condition had maintained approximately 0.9 kg (2 lb.) greater firmness in the fruit than had the high C2H4 condition. This extra firmness persisted for more than a week at room temperature. Acidity levels and soluble solids content were increased slightly by the low C2H4 treatment. Low C2H4 treatment caused both a lower internal C2H4 content of the fruit and a lower level of C2H4 emission by the whole fruit than did storage in high levels of C2H4. The low C2H4 storage conditions reduced the incidence of core browning.
INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG AGRONOMIC AND QUALITY TRAITS IN A SPRING WHEAT CROSS
Authors: Kaufmann M. L. , Bendelow V. M. , Baker R. J.
Published: March 2010

Phenotypic correlations among five quality traits and five agronomic traits were calculated for three groups of 110 lines of a spring wheat cross (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a total of four years in central Alberta. All correlations among pairs of traits were homogeneous from year to year with the exception of four involving maturity, yield, height and grain nitrogen content. The large negative correlation between nitrogen content and yield was judged detrimental to the prospects of simultaneous improvement of both traits. Maturity, height, kernel weight and yield were all positively interrelated. Large negative correlations were observed between sedimentation, value and tolerance index and between nitrogen content and starch damage. Sedimentation value and dough development time exhibited a strong positive relationship. The mean value for lines fell within the range of the parents in all cases except for sedimentation value and height.
DETERMINATION OF STOMATAL NUMBERS, STOMATAL LENGTHS, AND DRY WEIGHT INCREMENTS OF DETACHED BROMEGRASS LEAVES
Authors: Hunt L. A. , Christie B. R.
Published: March 2010

A field technique based on dry-matter accumulation in detached leaves was tested with bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) for use as an indicator of differences in net photosynthetic rates. It was suggested that the technique could not be used in a breeding program.A second study of differences in stomatal number and length suggested that interplant differences could be detected with some degree of repeatability by using a silicon impression technique.
INTERACTION OF VARIETY AND ENVIRONMENT IN TRITICALE YIELD TRIALS
Authors: Kaltsikes P. J. , Larter E. N.
Published: March 2010

Yield data for six strains of Triticale for 2 years of testing in Canada and the United States were analyzed. Significant variety × location interactions were obtained in both years and the magnitudes of variety, variety × location interaction, and error components of variance were estimated. The relative values of the latter two components were found to be within the range (0.07–1.65) of those already reported in the literature for other polyploids. By the use of the estimated components of variance it was found that the best way to reduce the rather large yield increment detected by these trials was to increase the number of test sites within a year.
GLUCOSINOLATE CONTENT OF DEVELOPING BRASSICA NAPUS AND B. CAMPESTRIS SEED
Authors: Kondra Z. P. , Downey R. K.
Published: March 2010

not available
REGULATION OF SWEET CHERRY MATURITY WITH SUCCINICACID 2,2-DIMETHYL HYDRAZIDE (ALAR) AND 2-CHLOROETHANEPHOSPHONIC ACID (ETHREL)
Authors: Looney Norman E.
Published: March 2010

not available
INFLUENCE OF RAPE RESIDUE ON CEREAL PRODUCTION
Authors: Horricks J. S.
Published: March 2010

not available
GROWTH OF GRASSES ON THREE ROOT MEDIA IN THE GREENHOUSE
Authors: Smoliak S. , Johnston A.
Published: March 2010

not available
SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO WHEAT STEM RUST IN EAST AFRICA
Authors: Evans L. E. , Martens J. W. , Green G. J. , Hurd E. A.
Published: March 2010

The stem rust reactions in the field and greenhouse of 38 wheat cultivars previously selected for resistance in Kenya are presented. A group of these cultivars had good resistance to the main races found in Canada. The cultivars appear to have a diversity of types of resistance, and there is evidence that their resistance results from the action of genes not previously identified. The 38 cultivars constitute a resistance gene pool that should facilitate the breeding of wheat cultivars resistant to stem rust in Kenya.
PERFORMANCE OF McINTOSH APPLE TREES SPRAYED WITH CAPTAN, DODINE OR PRE-COVER AND COVER SPRAYS OF DICHLONE
Authors: Ross R. G. , Crowe A. D. , Longley R. P.
Published: March 2010

A five-year study was conducted on the effect of captan, dodine and dichlone on the performance of mature McIntosh apple trees. There were no significant differences in yield, trunk cross-sectional area, amount of bloom, fruit size and fruit color. Dodine injured 0.5% of the fruit in one year of the test and pre-cover sprays of dichlone caused some fruit russeting. The results indicate that any harmful effect of dichlone on yield occurs from pre-cover applications, or pre-cover followed by cover sprays.
INFLUENCE OF SOLAR RADIATION AND SOIL MOISTURE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHINOOK WHEAT
Authors: Campbell C. A. , Pelton W. L. , Nielsen K. F.
Published: March 2010

The influence of solar radiation on the growth and yield of Chinook wheat was determined in a 5-year field shading study, and a 1-year, 3 × 3 shading × soil moisture lysimeter experiment.In the field, shading with saran mesh reduced solar radiation and wind but had little effect on air or soil temperature. In moist years shade maintained soil moisture at a higher level than no shade. Generally, mean leaf area ratio decreased and mean net assimilation rate and relative growth rate increased linearly with increases in the log of light intensity. There were interactions between shading × years (weather) relative to dry matter yield. The efficiency with which solar energy was used for grain production increased with shading. The effect of shading on crude protein and soluble sugars in grain was variable.In the lysimeter shading study, regression equations were used to relate several plant characters to shading and soil moisture (in the available range). Plant height, stem diameter, days to head, number of tillers, weights of grain and of straw, and percent cellulose were negatively related to soil moisture stress; crude protein was positively related. Days to head and crude protein were negatively related to light intensity, but all the other characters were positively related. The partial regression coefficients indicated that the influence of soil moisture stress was much more important than solar radiation on the crude protein content of the grain.
YIELD AND PRIMARY CULM YIELD COMPONENTS OF TWO SPRING BARLEY CULTIVARS AS INFLUENCED BY TEMPERATURE, DAYLENGTH AND GROWTH STAGE
Authors: Faris D. G. , Guitard A. A.
Published: March 2010

Olli, a photoperiod-insensitive and Vantage, a photoperiod-sensitive cultivar of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were raised in growth chambers at 13 and 24 °C under all combinations of 8-, 16- and 24-hr daylengths during the following three growth stages: seeding to internode elongation (stage I), internode elongation to heading (stage II), and heading to maturity (stage III). Days to maturity at 24 °C were about 60% and yields around 15% of those at 13 °C. Longer daylengths always reduced time to maturity, but decreased final yield only when applied during stage I. Earliest maturity occurred at 24 °C with continuous light, while highest yield resulted at 13 °C following an 8-hr daylength during stage I and 24-hr daylengths during stages II and III. Three primary culm yield components, fertile primary heads per plant, seeds per head, and seed size, were examined at 13 °C. Shortening the daylength caused: (1) during stage I, an increase in all three components, especially seeds per head; (2) during stage II, a decrease of all three components and greatly reduced percent fertile florets (8 hr produced none); and (3) during stage III, only a seed size decrease. The component most closely associated with yield was seeds per head. Applications of these results for the efficient reproduction of material in cereal breeding programs are suggested.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF NET BLOTCH AND LEAF REMOVAL ON YIELD IN BARLEY
Authors: Piening L. , Kaufmann M. L.
Published: March 2010

Experiments were conducted in a growth cabinet to compare yield losses in barley caused by partial defoliation and foliar infection by Drechslera teres, the causal agent of net blotch. When Gateway barley was grown under a low fertilizer regime, infection of lower leaves caused greater yield reductions than the removal of comparable leaves. In contrast, infection or removal of upper leaves reduced yields to about the same extent. Under a higher fertilizer regime, yield reductions from infection or defoliation were about equal (14%). These losses were considerably lower than those from plants on the low fertility regime and were similar to those caused by net blotch in the field.In leaf clipping experiments, root weights and yields were reduced proportionately to the amount of leaf tissue removed. The time required to head was also increased with increasing amounts of leaf clipping.
STUDY OF GENERAL ADAPTATION IN FALL RYE BY MEANS OF REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors: Kaltsikes P. J.
Published: March 2010

The behavior and adaptability of six fall rye (Secale cereale L.) cultivars were analyzed by the use of a regression technique. Cultivars with both high yielding ability and stability of performance have been produced in recent years. ’Cougar’ was shown to be the more widely adapted cultivar of those considered.
SEGREGATION OF COMPACT GROWTH TYPES IN CERTAIN APPLE SEEDLING PROGENIES
Authors: Lapins K. O.
Published: March 2010

Two-year-old apple seedlings of six progenies resulting from crosses between cultivars of standard growth or their compact mutants were classified for standard or compact growth type. A natural compact mutant of McIntosh (Wijcik) in combination with Golden Delicious transmitted compact growth habit to 43.9% of its progeny, whereas the radiation-induced compact mutant of McIntosh (8F-2-27), in the same combination did not transmit this characteristic. Number of side shoots, internodal length, and the ratio of length to diameter of one-year-old shoots were useful characteristics in distinguishing between the standard and compact growth types in two-year-old seedling trees. As the segregation of seedlings of compact growth habit is of great interest both from theoretical and practical aspects, a careful assessment of the transmissibility of compactness by mutant and non-mutated cultivars in various cross-combinations is suggested.
EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE OF ORCHARDGRASS ON THE BALANCE OF SPECIES IN A HERBAGE MIXTURE
Authors: Wilson D. B.
Published: March 2010

A seed mixture of Dactylis glomerata, Bromus inermis, Festuca rubra, and Trifolium repens was sown in each of 3 years. Amounts of D. glomerata were varied from 0 to 7.7 kg/ha in 1.1-kg increments. Amounts of the other species were adjusted in a constant proportion to keep the total seeding rate at 22.4 kg/ha. Plots were harvested three or four times a year for 5 years after the initial sowing. By the second year after sowing D. glomerata comprised 50–75% of the herbage mixtures at all seeding rates. T. repens comprised 30–40% of the herbage mixture where D. glomerata was excluded, and as little as 7% where D. glomerata was included. The means for all years showed the highest yield of herbage from the mixtures containing little or no D. glomerata, due mostly to their higher content of T. repens. The conclusion was that the rate of D. glomerata would have to be less than 1 kg/ha to maintain B. inermis and F. rubra in the mixture.
STIMULATION OF VEGETATIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE GROWTH OF BUSH BEAN PLANTS BY NAPHTHENATES
Authors: Wort D. J.
Published: March 2010

Plants of bush bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., were sprayed with solutions of sodium and potassium naphthenates in the concentrations 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, and 5000 ppm. The treatments were applied when the plants were two, three, five, and seven weeks old, and also at various combinations of these times. A single application of 5000 ppm naphthenate to two-week-old plants, and multiple applications which included treatment of plants at this primary leaf stage of growth, resulted in the greatest stimulation to juvenile growth, measured as fresh and dry weights of stems and leaves, four weeks after treatment. This treatment also resulted in the greatest increase in green pod yield (20%), seven weeks after spraying, and in ripe seed production (8%). No advantage resulted from multiple treatments in these instances.
EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS IN CONTROLLING "LITTLE TUBER" CONDITION
Authors: Langille Alan R.
Published: March 2010

not available
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SOIL MOISTURE STRESS, PLANT POPULATIONS, ROW SPACING AND YIELD OF CORN
Authors: FULTON J. M.
Published: March 2010

Experiments including variables of soil moisture, plant populations and row spacings were conducted in four consecutive seasons. In two of the years precipitation was inadequate to produce maximum yield of corn.Yield was reduced by soil moisture tension in excess of five bars at a point 40 cm below the soil surface. Substantial yield reduction occurred even where the moisture stress was confined to the period subsequent to tassel emergence. Highest yields were obtained where high soil moisture levels (minimum available soil moisture 25% at 40 cm) were combined with high population (54,362 plants per hectare) and narrow (50 cm) rows. However, interactions among these variables were such that narrow rows increased yield only in the presence of both high population and high soil moisture supply. High plant populations increased yield only where soil moisture levels were high.
DETERMINATION OF DICOUMAROL IN SPOILED SWEETCLOVER
Authors: EMERY A. E. , GEAR J. R.
Published: March 2010

A procedure has been devised for the isolation of dicoumarol from spoiled sweetclover (Melilotus alba). Using this procedure a method has been developed for the quantitative determination of dicoumarol in sweetclover, which involves an isotope dilution technique, and utilizes methylene-14C-dicoumarol. A colorimetric method for dicoumarol measurement has also been studied, which although not quantitatively reliable, provides a rapid qualitative determination of whether or not spoilage has rendered sweetclover hay unsafe for use as fodder. The results of analyses of a variety of forage samples are reported and discussed.
SOME PHYSICAL FACTORS AFFECTING FUNGAL POPULATION IN STORED WHEAT
Authors: AMPRATWUM D. B. , McQUITTY J. B.
Published: March 2010

Fungal populations were determined in two dry and two tough wheat bulks stored in unventilated circular bins, each containing 1.12 metric tons (41 bushels), at the beginning and end of consecutive 28-day cooling and 35-day warming periods. Analyses of variance of the total fungal population, comprising populations of Pencillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium, Mucor, Rhizopus and Circinella, and of respective Penicillium and Aspergillus populations, were carried out to determine the effect of storage time, radial distance, height and moisture content on population distribution. Significant differences in total fungal population existed for the main effects due to day, moisture and genus at 10, 5 and 1% significance levels, respectively. Variation in radial distribution was not significant for the Penicillium, Aspergillus and total fungal populations. A higher Penicillium population appeared in the upper than in the lower layers in the stored wheat. Aspergillus did not show concentration in either layer.
EFFECT OF PALLADIUM CHLORIDE ON THE GROWTH OF POA PRATENSIS
Authors: SARWAR M. , THIBERT R. J. , BENEDICT W. G.
Published: March 2010

The effect of palladium chloride on the growth of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) was investigated. A pH of 5.0 was optimum for its growth in various concentrations of PdCl2. Minute quantities of palladium (50–11,500 μg/tray) stimulated growth of Kentucky bluegrass, whereas high doses (115,000–575,000 μg/tray) were toxic.
ROSNER, A HEXAPLOID TRITICALE CULTIVAR
Authors: Larter E. N. , Shebeski L. H. , McGinnis R. C. , Evans L. E. , Kultsikes P. J.
Published: March 2010

not available
OPTIMUM RATIOS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZERS FOR CORN DETERMINED BY HOMÈS’ METHOD OF SYSTEMATIC VARIATIONS
Authors: BEAUCHAMP ERIC G. , HAMILTON H. A.
Published: March 2010

A greenhouse experiment was carried out to investigate the possibility of an optimum N/P ratio for sweet corn (Zea mays L.), using Homès’ method of systematic variations.Three levels of N and P fertilizers were applied to a soil. Each level was comprised of nine fertilizer treatments differing only in N/P ratio in a replacement series. Accordingly, the three levels represented 8.12, 16.04, and 32.02 meq per 4.4 kg soil of NO3− plus H2PO4−, respectively.There appeared to be a definite N/P ratio of fertilizer which resulted in a maximum yield and which was similar for all three levels of the replacement series of N plus P. However, this effect was most pronounced at the highest level of N plus P. The Homès method for determining the optimum N/P ratio of a fertilizer was successful primarily at the highest level of N plus P.N/P ratios of corn plant tissues from about 9 to 18 coincided with maximum dry matter yields at the highest level of N plus P.
RESPONSE OF CAULIFLOWER CULTIVARS TO MOLYBDENUM DEFICIENCY
Authors: CHIPMAN E. W. , CANNON H. B. , MACKAY D. C. , GUPTA U. C.
Published: March 2010

Studies were carried out to determine the basis for differential sensitivity between cauliflower cultivars to molybdenum deficiency. Results indicate that the cultivar Pioneer is not as efficient as Snowball 84 in the uptake of Mo. Requirements of Mo to produce optimum yields were quite similar for both cultivars, being approximately 1.9 kg/ha.
EFFECT OF FIVE INSECTICIDES ON POPULATIONS OF THE SIX-SPOTTED LEAFHOPPER AND THE INCIDENCE OF ASTER YELLOWS IN CARROTS
Authors: HENNE R. C.
Published: March 2010

Five insecticides were evaluated for their ability to control the aster leafhopper, Macrosteles fascifrons (Stål), and to reduce the incidence of aster yellows disease, transmitted by this vector in carrots. Furadan (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) as a single granular treatment at seeding was as effective in reducing the level of aster yellows disease as five or eight foliar treatments with carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) in 1967 and 1968. Oxydemeton-methyl (O,O-dimethyl S-[2-(ethylsulfinyl)-ethyl]phosphorothioate) was comparable with carbaryl in reducing aster leafhopper numbers and incidence of aster yellows disease. Disulfoton (O,O-diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl]phosphorodithioate) as a single granular application at seeding was the least effective treatment in this study. Aster yellows incidence in carrots treated with DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane] was only slightly lower than with carbaryl in a commercial scale trial. A 5-day insecticide spray schedule was not appreciably more effective than a 10-day schedule.
EFFECTS OF STRAW AND NITROGEN ON COMMON ROOT ROT OF WHEAT
Authors: LEDINGHAM R. J.
Published: March 2010

Straw and stubble incorporated into the soil reduced the severity of common root rot in hard spring wheat, whereas supplemental nitrogen intensified the disease. A slight adverse effect on emergence generally occurred from incorporation of straw and stubble but no effect was observed from nitrogen. Yields were not increased significantly after straw amendment even though root rot was reduced. Supplemental nitrogen did not increase yields where a soil test indicated moderate or high levels of available nitrogen.
ASSESSMENT OF WINTERHARDINESS IN RED RASPBERRIES
Authors: ADRICHEM M. C. J. VAN
Published: March 2010

Winterhardiness of red raspberries was evaluated over a period of four years. The results showed that injury was severe on all cultivars under study. Growing bud counts taken during the spring and early summer showed that only the buds growing in July reflected the relative hardiness. In only one year out of four did the recovery method indicate relative hardiness and give a clear indication of the time of injury. The possible influence of dormancy on the failure of the recovery method in the other three years is discussed. Cane elongation and leaf drop were clearly associated with winterhardiness. Latitude appeared to influence the relative hardiness of some cultivars.
CHEMICAL CURING OF PINEGRASS WITH ATRAZINE AND PARAQUAT
Authors: Freyman S.
Published: March 2010

not available
SENSITIVITY TO MANGANESE DEFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF WHEAT, OATS AND BARLEY
Authors: Nyborg Marvin
Published: March 2010

not available
A RAPID METHOD FOR TESTING COOKING QUALITY OF FIELD PEAS
Authors: Ali-Khan S. T. , Chubey B. B.
Published: March 2010

not available
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL FEATURES OF MAGNETICALLY TREATED WINTER WHEAT SEEDS AND RESULTANT SEEDLINGS
Authors: PITTMAN U. J. , ORMROD D. P.
Published: March 2010

Seed of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), cultivar Kharkov 22 MC, magnetically treated before germination respired more slowly, released less heat energy, and grew faster during the initial 16 hr than similar but untreated seed. Magnetically treated seed absorbed more moisture and contained more reducing sugar during the initial 72 hr of growth than un-treated seed. Addition of oxygen to the seed environment during germination repressed shoot growth and enhanced root growth of magnetically treated wheat but had no effect on untreated seed. Addition of carbon dioxide to the seedling environment suppressed the growth of shoots and roots of treated and untreated wheat seed equally.
DDT RESIDUES IN FRUIT, FOLIAGE, AND SOIL OF A VINEYARD FOLLOWING A STANDARD INSECT CONTROL PROGRAM
Authors: Chiba M.
Published: March 2010

Residues of p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDT and p,p′-DDE on grape foliage and fruit sampled before and after each of four applications of DDT 50% wettable powder at 3.4–4.5 kg/ha (3–4 lb/acre) and at harvest were investigated by gas chromatography. DDT residues on fruit at harvest, 54 days after the last spray, ranged from 0.15 to 0.87 ppm depending on the grape cultivar. More than 99% of residual DDT was found in skins. A very small amount (less than 0.1 ppm) of DDT in all aerial parts of the vines may have been absorbed from the soil containing 2.3–4.1 ppm DDT. Residues from spray drift were found in the control plot after every application in the sprayed plot, but they were only about 0.12% of the level found in the latter plot. The half-life of DDT based on the conversion of p,p′-DDT to p,p′-DDE on the surface of the leaves and fruit is discussed.
GENETICS OF STEM RUST RESISTANCE IN THE WHEAT CULTIVAR RED BOBS
Authors: DYCK P. L. , GREEN G. J.
Published: March 2010

The inheritance of resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.) was investigated in Triticum aestivum L. cv. Red Bobs. It carries a gene for stem rust resistance at the Sr7 locus that resembles Sr7b of Marquis, and a gene that is either Sr10 or, more likely, an allele, because Red Bobs is less resistant than the Marquis-Sr10 line to races C1 (17) and C17 (56).
YIELD INCREASES FROM FERTILIZER ON REED CANARYGRASS AND SEDGE MEADOWS
Authors: MASON J. L. , MILTIMORE J. E.
Published: March 2010

Fertilizer trials were conducted on reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinaceae) and native sedge (Carex spp.) on meadowland at two sites in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia. Rates of fertilizer were 112 kg/ha N, 49 kg/ha P, and 62 kg/ha K applied in several combinations; 112 kg/ha S was included at one site. Fertilizer treatments containing nitrogen produced about double the control yields on both reed canarygrass and sedge. At one site, there was a small yield reduction from omitting phosphorus. There was no response to sulfur at the one site where it was included.These data show that reed canarygrass and sedge meadows can have a large capacity to respond to nitrogen fertilizer, with a much smaller response to phosphorus.
AN APPLICATION OF INDEX SELECTION TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF SELF-POLLINATED SPECIES
Authors: PESEK J. , BAKER R. J.
Published: March 2010

Results of a genetic study of four quantitative characters in a cross of two cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. em Thell. indicated that heritability of yield was lower than the heritabilities of maturity and height and that interactions between genotypic effects and year environmental effects were nonsignificant. The modified selection index method, based upon desired genetic gains rather than relative economic weights of traits, is explained in detail and applied to selection for maturity, height and yield from a hybrid population of wheat. The methods and problems of using index selection in self-pollinated species are discussed.
NUTRIENT STATUS OF ALFALFA SHOWING POOR GROWTH ON SOME ALBERTA SOILS
Authors: WEBSTER G. R. , DeKOCK P. C.
Published: March 2010

Alfalfa plants (Medicago sativa) were analyzed for various constituents to determine whether their composition would reveal why plants grow poorly on certain soils where they had previously grown well. The most consistent pattern was for the nitrogen contents of plants grown in soil where alfalfa had never grown previously to be higher than those grown in two soils where it had grown before. The data suggest that plants grown in the affected soils were not able to adequately make use of applied nitrogen. A variety of factors could be responsible for this inability, and aluminum toxicity may be partly responsible. It has been suggested elsewhere that the affected soils contain a toxic agent, probably of biological origin, and experiments now in progress continue to support this view.
INNATE RESISTANCE OF PEACH TO PERENNIAL CANKER
Authors: WENSLEY R. N.
Published: March 2010

Innate resistance, described as the resistance of tissues under the outer bark of peach to perennial canker, Leucostoma cincta (Fr.) v. Hohnel (Valsa cincta), was unrelated to the field performance of Standard Elberta, Sun-haven, Redhaven and Dixired cultivars and unsuitable as an index of performance in the orchard. The physiological state of trees, the environment, and the kind and depths of wounds influenced the amount of infection and canker growth achieved. Appreciably higher percentage infection and canker growth were achieved at wounds made during the post-dormant period than during dormancy of trees. In dormant trees of three cultivars, resistance to infection was highest at cortex wounds. For Redhaven a relatively low resistance of the cortex to infection and canker growth suggested that minor injuries may play an important part in its field performance. In post-dormant trees of all cultivars, resistance to canker growth was highest at cortex wounds.
SUPPRESSION BY ETHYLENE OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM GROWTH IN CULTURE AND ROTS ON TOMATOES IN CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE
Authors: Lockhart C. L.
Published: March 2010

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MAGNETOTROPIC RESPONSES IN ROOTS OF WILD OATS
Authors: Pittman U. J.
Published: March 2010

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REOCCURRENCE AND SEVERITY OF BARLEY JOINTWORM INFESTATIONS IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
Authors: Johnston H. Winston , Cannon F. M.
Published: March 2010

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EFFECT OF DECENYLSUCCINIC ACID ON NEEDLE MOISTURE CONTENT AND SHOOT GROWTH OF PINUS RESINOSA
Authors: Kozlowski T. T. , Clausen J. Johanna
Published: March 2010

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INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN, POTASSIUM AND ROOT ZONE TEMPERATURE ON THE RESPONSE OF TIMOTHY IN MONOCULTURE AND IN ASSOCIATION WITH ALFALFA AND BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL
Authors: HAMILTON HERMAN A.
Published: March 2010

The response of timothy in monoculture and m association with each of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil was studied when root zone temperatures of 10, 18.3 and 26.7 C were imposed on a soil receiving N at 0 and 100 pp2m of soil in all possible combinations with K at 0 and 166 pp2m of soil. The different plant associations resulted in highly significant differences in yields, irrespective of soil temperature or nitrogen addition, but only at 10 C was there a significant interaction between K and the plant associations. The legumes associated with timothy had a significant effect on timothy yield at all temperatures, and the behavior of the different legumes was in turn differently affected by fertilizer nutrients as well as by different temperatures. Shoot to root ratios of timothy tended to be greater when associated with trefoil than with alfalfa at all soil temperatures. The effect of soil temperature and fertilizer varied for alfalfa vs. trefoil when either was grown with timothy.
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THORNINESS AND YIELD TRAITS IN GOOSEBERRY
Authors: SPANGELO L. P. S. , HSU C. S. , FEJER S. O. , WATKINS R.
Published: March 2010

Combining ability and interrelationships among four characters were studied in six gooseberry (Ribes grossularia) progenies produced by crossing each of two thornless to three large-fruited cultivars. Measurements were recorded for four consecutive years for fruit yield and 100-berry weight, and for one year for thorniness and plant height. General and specific combining abilities were significant and their interactions with years were not significant for fruit yield and berry weight, and general combining ability was significant for thorniness. Genotypic correlations agreed closely with the phenotypic correlations. Significant positive correlations were obtained between fruit yield with berry weight and plant height. The nonsignificant correlations between thorniness with fruit yield, berry weight and plant height suggest no genetic barrier to combining thornlessness with these traits.
LIGHT ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT AND PRODUCTIVITY IN ’VERNAL’ ALFALFA
Authors: HUNT L. A. , WINCH J. E. , MOORE C. E.
Published: March 2010

A field stand of ’Vernal’ alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cut three times during the growing season, was studied over two years. The attenuation coefficient for radiation of wavelength 300 nm to 400 nm, and the rate of dry matter accumulation, was greater in first growth than in both second and third growth. Percentage dry matter increment below ground was least during first growth.
EMERGENCE OF ALTAI WILD RYEGRASS AND OTHER GRASSES AS INFLUENCED BY DEPTH OF SEEDING AND SOIL TYPE
Authors: KILCHER M. R. , LAWRENCE T.
Published: March 2010

Altai wild ryegrass (Elymus angustus Trin.), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), tall wheatgrass [Agropyron elongatum (Host.) P.B.], and Russian wild ryegrass (Elymus junceus Fisch.) were seeded at depths of 3, 5, 7 and 9 cm in clay, clay loam, loam and loamy sand. Basically, the species reacted similarly within or between soil types, although top growth of all species was slower in the saline clay. Emergence of Altai wild ryegrass compared with that of other species when shallow-seeded, but exceeded that of all other species when deep-seeded. Emergence of Altai wild ryegrass from 9 cm was half that from the shallow depths, while the other species did not emerge at all from this depth. Its most important establishment attribute was its tolerance to deep seeding in a range of soil types.
STUDIES WITH HYBRID WHEAT IN ONTARIO
Authors: RAI R. K. , STOSKOPF N. C. , REINBERGS E.
Published: March 2010

An F1hybrid from parental wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with wide genetic diversity yielded 7329 kg/ha, a 26% increase over the higher yielding parent. Two other crosses resulted in an F1yield increase of 15 and 5%. The best hybrid outyielded Genesee, which averaged 6177 kg/ha, by 19%. All data were averaged over a two-year period and were obtained at a standard seeding rate. Grain yields decreased from the F1to the F2generation in all three crosses and in the best cross from 26 to 13%. Heterosis for grain yield was manifested primarily in tillering and kernels per spike. Tillering increased by 6.9% and kernels per spike by 8.2%, while kernel weight increased by 1.0%, over the higher parent. An increase in plant height was observed. Milling and baking characteristics of F1crosses, made within the soft wheat class, were closer to the softer quality parent. Baking quality declined in the F2generation. Seed produced from two male sterile lines, however, had poorer milling and baking characteristics than seed from their self-fertile counterparts, and this may present a problem for soft quality flour production.
TRAPPER FIELD PEAS
Authors: Ali-Khan S. T. , Kenaschuk E. O.
Published: March 2010

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MORSOY, A NEW SOYBEAN CULTIVAR
Authors: Giesbrecht John , Putt Eric D.
Published: March 2010

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CRABAPPLE ’ARCTIC RED’
Authors: Harris R. E.
Published: March 2010

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THE VALIDITY OF USING THE MUTUAL BAGGING TECHNIQUE IN QUANTITATIVE GENETIC STUDIES IN ITALIAN RYEGRASS
Authors: EMARA Y. A.
Published: March 2010

The effect of the mutual bagging method on the appearance of reciprocal differences in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) was tested by comparing two groups of crosses between the same parents, using the mutual bagging method without emasculation, and also bagging each two parents together after emasculating the mother parent. The mutual bagging method did not increase the apparent amount of reciprocal differences. The amount of selfing that may occur in this method is therefore too small to increase reciprocal differences or lead to invalid estimates of components of variation and heritability.
EFFECTS OF RASPBERRY MOSAIC VIRUSES ON YIELD AND GROWTH OF RED RASPBERRIES
Authors: FREEMAN JACK A. , STACE-SMITH RICHARD
Published: March 2010

The raspberry mosaic complex (RM) and its heat-labile mosaic components (HLMC) reduced the yields of Fairview, Sumner, Newburgh and Willamette raspberry (Rubus strigosus Michx.) during the first cropping year in field tests at Abbotsford, British Columbia. The RM complex reduced yields by 43 to 78%. The HLMC reduced yields of Fairview and Newburgh by about 30% while yields of the other two cultivars were not significantly lower. In subsequent cropping years, the yield losses in Fairview and Sumner stabilized at about 14 and 11%, respectively, but Newburgh and Willamette appeared tolerant and showed no statistically significant reduction in yields. After the plants were well established there was no difference in yield between plants infected with the HLMC and those infected with the RM complex. The susceptible cultivars produced smaller fruits and shorter, thinner canes. Only 12 of the 240 originally virus-free plants were contaminated with mosaic at the conclusion of the trials. Newburgh, a cultivar that supports high populations of the aphid vector, accounted for nine of the infected plants.
EVALUATION OF SOME DITHIOCARBAMATE FUNGICIDES AS SOIL DRENCHES AGAINST PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT ROT OF CHAMAECYPARIS LAWSONIANA
Authors: ATKINSON R. G.
Published: March 2010

Mancozeb or nabam, applied twice as a pre-plant and a post-plant drench containing 8,000 or 12,000 ppm active ingredient, prevented root rot in Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Parl. var. ellwoodii in soil infested with Phytophthora lateralis Tucker and Milbr. When only a pre-plant drench was applied, root rot developed in a few plants. Zineb, even when applied twice at 12,000 ppm as a pre-plant and a post-plant drench, was slightly less effective than mancozeb or nabam. Soil drenched with mancozeb at 12,000 ppm exhibited a high degree of residual fungitoxicity against inoculum of P. lateralis added to the soil four weeks after it was treated.
EFFECT OF NEMATICIDES ON ROOT LESION NEMATODES AND FORAGE LEGUME YIELDS
Authors: THOMPSON L. S. , WILLIS C. B.
Published: March 2010

A field study was made on the effectiveness of seven nematicides in reducing root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) numbers in soil and roots of alfalfa, red clover, and birdsfoot trefoil. Each of the nematicides significantly reduced the number of nematodes recovered from soil 2 and 14 months after seeding, and from roots 4 and 16 months after seeding. Nematicide treatments significantly increased first cut (August) yields of red clover, alfalfa, and birdsfoot trefoil in the seeding year by 55, 28, and 47%, respectively. Total yields for the seeding year were increased by 22, 22, and 40%, respectively. Sixteen months after seeding, significantly more nematodes were recovered from birdsfoot trefoil roots than from red clover, and more from red clover than from alfalfa. The recovery of Fusarium spp. from rootlets 4 months after seeding was not affected by nematicide treatments; however, Fusarium spp. were recovered less frequently from birdsfoot trefoil than from red clover or alfalfa rootlets.
SOME FOREST NURSERY SEEDLING HOSTS OF THE NEMATODE XIPHINEMA BAKERI
Authors: Sutherland Jack R.
Published: March 2010

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EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON SEEDLING EMERGENCE OF CUCUMIS SATIVUS
Authors: Whelan Ernest D. P.
Published: March 2010

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A LIGHTWEIGHT PLANTER FOR POPULATION AND CULTIVAR STUDIES WITH CORN AND SOYBEANS
Authors: Hergert G. B.
Published: March 2010

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EFFECTS OF FERTILIZER-NITROGEN AND WATER SUPPLY ON DISTRIBUTION OF DRY MATTER AND NITROGEN BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF WHEAT
Authors: SPRATT E. D. , GASSER J. K. R.
Published: March 2010

Wheat in pots and in the field was subjected to different watering regimes and fertilizer-N, either as ammonium-N with a nitrification inhibitor or as nitrate-N, was applied at sowing or during growth. More weight of leaves and stems was produced during early growth with ammonium-N than with nitrate-N, but the two forms gave similar yields of grain. The grain:straw ratio with ammonium-N was smaller than with nitrate-N, and more N was retained in the straw. Both forms of N increased the weight per spike but not the number of spikes per unit area (tillering). Applied at the boot stage of growth, N increased dry matter much less than when applied at sowing, but increased the percent N in the grain. Divided dressings, half at sowing and half during growth, increased yield and N uptake by the same amount as applying all the N at sowing. Drought during spike formation or floret development led to smaller spikes and yields of grain, and also to a smaller grain:straw ratio; up to three-quarters of the extra N taken up from fertilizer-N remained in the straw.
INHERITANCE OF THE MAJOR GLUCOSINOLATES OF RAPESEED (BRASSICA NAPUS) MEAL
Authors: KONDRA Z. P. , STEFANSSON B. R.
Published: March 2010

Glucosinolate content of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) meal was investigated in parental, hybrid and segregating populations derived from the cultivar Bronowski, and a strain derived from Target. The gluconapin, glucobrassicanapin and progoitrin content of seed meal was determined by the genotype of the maternal plant, rather than the embryo genotype. Higher values of gluconapin were partially dominant to the lower values. Three loci were indicated in the control of gluconapin content. Overdominance of high values of glucobrassicanapin was demonstrated. Four or five loci probably control glucobrassicanapin content. The high values of progoitrin were partially dominant to the absence of progoitrin. Four loci were indicated for progoitrin. The gene systems controlling the three compounds did not segregate independently of each other.
SPREAD OF RASPBERRY LEAF CURL VIRUS
Authors: BOLTON A. T.
Published: March 2010

No definite pattern of spread of leaf curl virus in red raspberry could be observed within an experimental plantation over a 7-year period. When a source of the virus was located at the ends of six 45-meter rows and allowed to spread over the period from 1962 to 1968, approximately 50% of the plants became infected. Transmission of the virus from infected to healthy plants did not follow along the rows but was scattered throughout the plantation. Despite a definite increase in the population of the vector, Aphis rubicola, over the 7-year period, the number of newly infected plants each year remained quite constant.