bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactive Effects of Tactile Warmth and Ambient Temperature on the	Search for Social Affiliation
Authors: Fay Adam J. , Maner Jon K.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Laboratory studies have linked variability in temperature to the psychology of social affiliation. In colder ambient environments, for example, people report greater loneliness, and they pursue both physical warmth and social affiliation (i.e., social warmth). Here, a field experiment tested whether tactile warmth eliminates the effect of colder ambient temperatures on desires for social affiliation. Consistent with previous research, people expressed greater intentions to affiliate on colder days. However, tactile warmth eliminated this effect. On colder (but not warmer) days exposure to a tactile warmth manipulation eliminated heightened desires for social affiliation. Findings suggest that seemingly subtle changes in temperature can have important implications for the psychology of social affiliation, and such findings apply to real-world contexts outside the laboratory.
Sliding Relations for Glacier Slip With Cavities Over Three‐Dimensional Beds
Authors: Helanow Christian , Iverson Neal R. , Zoet Lucas K. , Gagliardini Olivier
Published: December 2019

Results of glacier flow models and associated estimates of future sea level rise depend sensitively on the prescribed relation between shear stress and slip velocity at the glacier bed. Using a fully three‐dimensional numerical model of ice flow, we compute steady‐state sliding relations for where ice slips over a rock bed with three‐dimensional, periodic topography. In agreement with studies of two‐dimensional beds, water‐filled cavities that form down‐glacier from bedforms cause basal shear stress to peak at a threshold slip velocity and decrease at higher velocities (i.e., rate‐weakening drag). However, the shear stress magnitude and extent of rate‐weakening drag depend systematically on lateral topographic variations not considered previously. Moreover, steep up‐glacier‐facing slopes of bedforms can result in shear stress that increases monotonically over a wide range of slip velocity, helping to stabilize slip. These results highlight the potential variability of sliding relations and their likely sensitivity to the morphological diversity of glacier beds.
Compressional Ridges on Baret Montes, Pluto as Observed by New Horizons
Authors: Ahrens C.J. , Chevrier V.F.
Published: December 2019

Distinct compressional folding patterns may be an important aspect in shaping icy body surfaces in the outer Solar System and revealing their folding processes and stress histories. Baret Montes on Sputnik Planitia is possibly one of the most folded structures yet observed on Pluto. This glacier consists of subparallel ridges that display a consistent northwest‐southeast orientation and is comparable to Enceladan transpression fold processes. Here we report on mapping using images from NASA's New Horizons mission and apply ridge analysis to determine the folding characteristics and approximate the deformation duration of the folds. This leads to a discussion of the ridge formation mechanism and the possible influence of Sputnik Planitia's underlying convection. Based on the occurrence of the ridges on a water ice based glacier with a thinner layer of methane‐water ice, we conclude that the deformation rates calculated in this study imply the folding duration to be <5.53 My.
Equilibrium Cross Section of River Channels With Cohesive Erodible Banks
Authors: Francalanci S. , Lanzoni S. , Solari L. , Papanicolaou A. N.
Published: December 2019

Predicting the equilibrium cross section of natural rivers has been widely investigated in fluvial morphology. Several approaches have been developed to meet this aim, starting from regime equations to the empirical formulations of Parker et al. (2007) and Wilkerson and Parker (2011), who proposed quasi‐universal relations for describing bankfull conditions in sand and gravel bed rivers. Nevertheless, a general physics‐based framework is still missing, and it remains an open issue to better clarify the basic mechanisms whereby a river selects its width. In this contribution we focus our attention on lowland rivers with cohesive banks, whose resistance to erosion is crucial to control the river width. In particular, we formulate a theoretical model that evaluates the equilibrium width of river cross sections modeling the interaction between the core flow in the central part of the section and the boundary layer that forms in the vicinity of the cohesive banks. The model computes the cross‐section equilibrium configuration by which the shear stresses on the banks equal a critical threshold value. These stresses are computed by partitioning the total shear stress into an effective grain roughness component and a form component (Kean and Smith, 2006a). The model is applied to a large data set, concerning both sand and gravel bed rivers, and it is used to determine the relations expressing the channel width and the bankfull flow depth to the bankfull discharge, which appear to provide a unitary description of bankfull hydraulic geometry.
Clinical utility of SMARCA4 testing by immunohistochemistry in rare ovarian tumours
Authors: Genestie Catherine , Blanc-Durand Félix , Auguste Aurélie , Pautier Patricia , Dunant Ariane , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Gouy Sébastien , Morice Philippe , Bentivegna Enrica , Maulard Amandine , LeFormal Audrey , Devouassoux-Shisheboran Mojgan , Leary Alexandra
Published: December 2019

Background

Ovarian small cell carcinoma, hypercalcaemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare and lethal disease affecting young women. As histological diagnosis is challenging and urgent, there is a clear need for a robust diagnostic test. While mutations in the chromatin-remodelling gene, SMARCA4, appear to be typical, it may not be feasible routinely to be clinically relevant.

Methods

Previous studies have described the value of SMARCA4 IHC to differentiate SCCOHT from ovarian neoplasms (ON), with similar histologic appearances. We aimed to evaluate its clinical utility among a cohort of 44 SCCOHT and 94 rare ON frequently misdiagnosed as SCCOHT.

Results

Forty-three percent (16/36) of SCCOHT had been classified locally as non-SCCOHT confirming the diagnosis challenge. Sensitivity and specificity of SMARCA4 IHC were excellent at 88% and 94%, respectively. In a community setting with a much lower prevalence of the disease, estimated PPV is 40% while NPV remained high at 99%. Finally, among the 16 SCCOHT misclassified locally, SMARCA4 IHC testing would have resulted in corrected diagnosis in 88% of cases.

Conclusions

SMARCA4 IHC is a highly sensitive, and specific test for the diagnosis of SCCOHT and is of huge clinical utility in providing a timely and accurate diagnosis of this challenging disease.
Physical disruption of intervertebral disc promotes cell clustering and a degenerative phenotype
Authors: Lama Polly , Claireaux Harry , Flower Luke , Harding Ian J. , Dolan Trish , Le Maitre Christine L. , Adams Michael A.
Published: December 2019

To test the hypothesis that physical disruption of an intervertebral disc disturbs cell-matrix binding, leading to cell clustering and increased expression of matrix degrading enzymes that contribute towards degenerative disc cell phenotype. Lumbar disc tissue was removed at surgery from 21 patients with disc herniation, 11 with disc degeneration, and 8 with adolescent scoliosis. 5 μm sections were examined with histology, and 30-µm sections by confocal microscopy. Antibodies were used against integrin α5beta1, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 1, MMP-3, caspase 3, and denatured collagen types I and II. Spatial associations were sought between cell clustering and various degenerative features. An additional, 11 non-herniated human discs were used to examine causality: half of each specimen was cultured in a manner that allowed free ‘unconstrained’ swelling (similar to a herniated disc in vivo), while the other half was cultured within a perspex ring that allowed ‘constrained’ swelling. Changes were monitored over 36 h using live-cell imaging. 1,9-Di-methyl methylene blue (DMMB) assay for glycosaminoglycan loss was carried out from tissue medium. Partially constrained specimens showed little swelling or cell movement in vitro. In contrast, unconstrained swelling significantly increased matrix distortion, glycosaminoglycan loss, exposure of integrin binding sites, expression of MMPs 1 and 3, and collagen denaturation. In the association studies, herniated disc specimens showed changes that resembled unconstrained swelling in vitro. In addition, they exhibited increased cell clustering, apoptosis, MMP expression, and collagen denaturation compared to ‘control’ discs. Results support our hypothesis. Further confirmation will require longitudinal animal experiments.
Twin-peak temporal regulation during human neocortical development
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Guang-Zhong
Published: December 2019

Understanding the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the human cerebral cortex is essential for expanding knowledge of its functionality. Previous analysis focused on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among cortical subregions revealed an hourglass model for interareal differences. However, the overall pattern of transcriptional differences during the development of every region remains to be fully explored. Here, analysing more than 800 neocortex samples from lifespan transcriptional profiles revealed that excitatory neurons are more regulated than inhibitory neurons in the foetal brain. Developmental DEGs tend to be resting state or memory encoding-related and are also involved in autism and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, twin peaks of DEGs occur during the development of each neocortex region, with a first peak appearing in the perinatal period and an unexpected second peak appearing around childhood. Genes in these peaks have similar functions, but the second peak is more inhibitory neuron related. All these results emphasize the significance of this unique temporal regulatory pattern for human neocortical development.
Principal Component Analysis applied directly to Sequence Matrix
Authors: Konishi Tomokazu , Matsukuma Shiori , Fuji Hayami , Nakamura Daiki , Satou Nozomi , Okano Kunihiro
Published: December 2019

Sequence data is now widely used to observe relationships among organisms. However, understanding structure of the qualitative data is challenging. Conventionally, the relationships are analysed using a dendrogram that estimates a tree shape. This approach has difficulty in verifying the appropriateness of the tree shape; rather, horizontal gene transfers and mating can make the shape of the relationship as networks. As a connection-free approach, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to summarize the distance matrix, which records distances between each combination of samples. However, this approach is limited regarding the treatment of information of sequence motifs; distances caused by different motifs are mixed up. This hides clues to figure out how the samples are different. As any bases may change independently, a sequence is multivariate data essentially. Hence, differences among samples and bases that contribute to the difference should be observed coincidentally. To archive this, the sequence matrix is transferred to boolean vector and directly analysed by using PCA. The effects are confirmed in diversity of Asiatic lion and human as well as environmental DNA. Resolution of samples and robustness of calculation is improved. Relationship of a direction of difference and causative nucleotides has become obvious at a glance.
Re-evaluation of the evolution of influenza H1 viruses using direct PCA
Authors: Konishi Tomokazu
Published: December 2019

The history of influenza H1 virus was re-evaluated by applying a new methodology to sequencing data; this objective method enables comparisons among viral types. The approach led to the segregation of all segments of swine and human viruses into three distinct groups: two of them included the pandemic 1977 and 2009 human viruses, and the remaining group may be new in humans. These three groups might have originated from avian viruses and drifted out independently. Genome shifts occurred occasionally among swine viruses; however, distances between avian and swine/human viruses negated the existence of direct shifts from avian viruses. In humans, only one or two viruses appeared each year, which suggests the presence of competition among viruses that migrated freely. All segments drifted continuously under certain rules and constant velocity. Viruses that had caused an outbreak did not appear again over subsequent decades, which may mean populations had become immune to such viruses. In contrast, the viruses in livestock were rather conserved and maintained unique strains in small, separate areas. Such collections of swine strains included human segments, which could become an epidemic in the future.
Characterization of a live-attenuated HCMV-based vaccine platform
Authors: Caposio Patrizia , van den Worm Sjoerd , Crawford Lindsey , Perez Wilma , Kreklywich Craig , Gilbride Roxanne M. , Hughes Colette M. , Ventura Abigail B. , Ratts Robert , Marshall Emily E. , Malouli Daniel , Axthelm Michael K. , Streblow Daniel , Nelson Jay A. , Picker Louis J. , Hansen Scott G. , Früh Klaus
Published: December 2019

Vaccines based on cytomegalovirus (CMV) demonstrate protection in animal models of infectious disease and cancer. Vaccine efficacy is associated with the ability of CMV to elicit and indefinitely maintain high frequencies of circulating effector memory T cells (TEM) providing continuous, life-long anti-pathogen immune activity. To allow for the clinical testing of human CMV (HCMV)-based vaccines we constructed and characterized as a vector backbone the recombinant molecular clone TR3 representing a wildtype genome. We demonstrate that TR3 can be stably propagated in vitro and that, despite species incompatibility, recombinant TR3 vectors elicit high frequencies of TEM to inserted antigens in rhesus macaques (RM). Live-attenuated versions of TR3 were generated by deleting viral genes required to counteract intrinsic and innate immune responses. In addition, we eliminated subunits of a viral pentameric glycoprotein complex thus limiting cell tropism. We show in a humanized mouse model that such modified vectors were able to establish persistent infection but lost their ability to reactivate from latency. Nevertheless, attenuated TR3 vectors preserved the ability to elicit and maintain TEM to inserted antigens in RM. We further demonstrate that attenuated TR3 can be grown in approved cell lines upon elimination of an anti-viral host factor using small interfering RNA, thus obviating the need for a complementing cell line. In sum, we have established a versatile platform for the clinical development of live attenuated HCMV-vectored vaccines and immunotherapies.
Hybridization-based capture of pathogen mRNA enables paired host-pathogen transcriptional analysis
Authors: Betin Viktoria , Penaranda Cristina , Bandyopadhyay Nirmalya , Yang Rui , Abitua Angela , Bhattacharyya Roby P. , Fan Amy , Avraham Roi , Livny Jonathan , Shoresh Noam , Hung Deborah T.
Published: December 2019

Dual transcriptional profiling of host and bacteria during infection is challenging due to the low abundance of bacterial mRNA. We report Pathogen Hybrid Capture (PatH-Cap), a method to enrich for bacterial mRNA and deplete bacterial rRNA simultaneously from dual RNA-seq libraries using transcriptome-specific probes. By addressing both the differential RNA content of the host relative to the infecting bacterium and the overwhelming abundance of uninformative structural RNAs (rRNA, tRNA) of both species in a single step, this approach enables analysis of very low-input RNA samples. By sequencing libraries before (pre-PatH-Cap) and after (post-PatH-Cap) enrichment, we achieve dual transcriptional profiling of host and bacteria, respectively, from the same sample. Importantly, enrichment preserves relative transcript abundance and increases the number of unique bacterial transcripts per gene in post-PatH-Cap libraries compared to pre-PatH-Cap libraries at the same sequencing depth, thereby decreasing the sequencing depth required to fully capture the transcriptional profile of the infecting bacteria. We demonstrate that PatH-Cap enables the study of low-input samples including single eukaryotic cells infected by 1–3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria and paired host-pathogen temporal gene expression analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infecting macrophages. PatH-Cap can be applied to the study of a range of pathogens and microbial species, and more generally, to lowly-abundant species in mixed populations.
GIRK1 triggers multiple cancer-related pathways in the benign mammary epithelial cell line MCF10A
Authors: Schratter Gebhard , Scheruebel Susanne , Langthaler Sonja , Ester Katja , Pelzmann Brigitte , Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy Nassim , Rezania Simin , Gorischek Astrid , Platzer Dieter , Zorn-Pauly Klaus , Ahammer Helmut , Prokesch Andreas , Stanzer Stefanie , Devaney Trevor T. J. , Schmidt Kurt , Jahn Stephan W. , Prassl Ruth , Bauernhofer Thomas , Schreibmayer Wolfgang
Published: December 2019

Excessive expression of subunit 1 of GIRK1 in ER+ breast tumors is associated with reduced survival times and increased lymph node metastasis in patients. To investigate possible tumor-initiating properties, benign MCF10A and malign MCF7 mammary epithelial cells were engineered to overexpress GIRK1 neoplasia associated vital parameters and resting potentials were measured and compared to controls. The presence of GIRK1 resulted in resting potentials negative to the controls. Upon GIRK1 overexpression, several cellular pathways were regulated towards pro-tumorigenic action as revealed by comparison of transcriptomes of MCF10AGIRK1 with the control (MCF10AeGFP). According to transcriptome analysis, cellular migration was promoted while wound healing and extracellular matrix interactions were impaired. Vital parameters in MCF7 cells were affected akin the benign MCF10A lines, but to a lesser extent. Thus, GIRK1 regulated cellular pathways in mammary epithelial cells are likely to contribute to the development and progression of breast cancer.
Molecular events in MSC exosome mediated cytoprotection in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Kore Rajshekhar A. , Henson Jeffrey C. , Hamzah Rabab N. , Griffin Robert J. , Tackett Alan J. , Ding Zufeng , Mehta Jawahar L.
Published: December 2019

A host of hormonal-metabolic alterations take place following exposure of cardiomyocytes to hypoxia and other noxious stimuli. Here, we demonstrate that exposure of cultured rat cardiomyocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in upregulation (~1.5 fold) of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1). There was also a marked increase in apoptosis 12 hrs after LPS treatment with caspase-3 levels being significantly elevated (~1.3 fold) and a significant increase in LDH release at 24 hrs. Interestingly, there was a ~1.4-fold upregulation of LC-3 expression post-LPS treatment indicating development of autophagy, which probably is a compensatory response to combat cellular injury induced by LPS. Treatment with LPS also reduced the size and morphology of cardiomyocyte spheroids. In an attempt to limit LPS-induced injury, cardiomyocytes were treated with exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We noted a significant suppression of LOX-1 expression that in turn suppressed apoptosis as well as autophagic response and restored spheroid morphology. Mass spectrophotometric analysis of MSC exosomes revealed a cargo rich in proteins which are involved in pathways negatively modulating cell death and apoptosis while promoting cell survival. This is first report to our knowledge on the initial molecular events in MSC exosome mediated cytoprotection of stressed cardiomyocytes.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring-based analysis of long-term outcomes for kidney disease progression
Authors: Ida Tomoharu , Kusaba Tetsuro , Kado Hiroshi , Taniguchi Takuya , Hatta Tsuguru , Matoba Satoaki , Tamagaki Keiichi
Published: December 2019

Non-dipping nocturnal blood pressure (BP) pattern is a predictor of the future decline of renal function; however, it is unclear whether it is still a risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with normal BP. To solve this question, a retrospective cohort study was conducted, and 1107 CKD patients who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were enrolled. We divided patients into 4 groups based on their nocturnal BP dipping pattern (dipper or non-dipper) and average 24-hour BP (hypertension or normotension). The cumulative incidence of composite renal outcomes, including a 40% reduction in eGFR, the induction of renal-replacement therapy, or death from renal causes, was analyzed. Overall, 86.1% of participants were non-dippers and 48.2% of them were normotensive. During the median follow-up period of 4.72 years, the incidence of renal composite outcomes was highest in hypertensive non-dipper patients, and was similar between normotensive dipper and non-dipper patients. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the 24-hour systolic BP, amount of urinary protein, and hemoglobin values were associated with the incidence of renal outcomes. In conclusion, our ABPM-based analysis revealed that a non-dipping BP pattern with normotension does not predict the future incidence of composite renal outcomes in CKD patients.
Determination of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde as marker residue for nitrofurazone treatment in farmed shrimps and with addressing the use of a novel internal standard
Authors: Wang Qiang , Wang Xu-Feng , Jiang Yong-Yuan , Li Zhi-Guang , Cai Nan , Guan Wan-Qi , Huang Ke , Zhao Dong-Hao
Published: December 2019

We developed a significantly improved ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde (NF) as a surrogate using a novel internal standard for the detection of nitrofurazone. We used 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatization and furfural as the internal standard. Derivatization was easily performed in HCl using ultrasonic manipulation for 5 min followed by liquid extraction using ethyl acetate. The samples were concentrated and purified using reverse phase and alumina cartridges in tandem. The derivatives were separated using a linear gradient elution on a C18 column with methanol and water as the mobile phase in negative ionization mode and multiple reaction monitoring. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curves were linear from 0.2 to 20 μg/L with correlation coefficients >0.999. Mean recoveries were 80.8 to 104.4% with the intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations <15% at spiking levels of 0.1 to 10 μg/kg. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.05 and 0.1 μg/kg, respectively. This method is a robust tool for the identification and quantitative determination of NF in shrimp samples.
Sperm quality and quantity evolve through different selective processes in the Phasianidae
Authors: Liao Wen Bo , Zhong Mao Jun , Lüpold Stefan
Published: December 2019

Sperm competition is often considered the primary selective force underlying the rapid and diversifying evolution of ejaculate traits. Yet, several recent studies have drawn attention to other forms of selection with the potential of exceeding the effects of sperm competition. Since ejaculates are complex, multivariate traits, it seems plausible that different ejaculate components vary in their responses to different selective pressures. Such information, however, is generally lacking as individual ejaculate traits tend to be studied in isolation. Here, we studied the macroevolutionary patterns of ejaculate volume, sperm number, sperm length and the proportion of viable normal sperm in response to varying levels of sperm competition, body size and the duration of female sperm storage in pheasants and allies (Phasianidae). Ejaculate volume, sperm number and sperm viability were all relatively higher in polygamous than in monogamous mating systems. However, whereas ejaculate volume additionally covaried with body size, sperm number instead increased with the female sperm-storage duration, in conjunction with a decrease in sperm length. Overall, our results revealed important details on how different forms of selection can jointly shape ejaculates as complex, composite traits.
Nutritional profiling of hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) of different size groups and sensory evaluation of their adults from different riverine systems
Authors: De D. , Mukherjee S. , Anand P. S. Shyne , Kumar P. , Suresh V. R. , Vijayan K. K.
Published: December 2019

Nutritional composition of hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha, of different size groups was analyzed to study variations in their composition with the progression of growth, and to correlate it with the flavor of adult hilsa (>800 g size) collected from different riverine systems (Hooghly and Padma). The amino acid analysis revealed significantly higher arginine (P < 0.01), methionine (P < 0.01) and glycine (P < 0.05) contents in samples below 5 g, whereas samples above 800 g had higher (P < 0.01) leucine and isoleucine contents. Total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were lower (P < 0.01) in fish below 5 g as compared to larger size groups (>5 g), whereas docosahexaenoic acid was higher (P < 0.01) in fish below 5 g size. Nutritional composition of adult hilsa (>800 g) from Hooghly and Padma river revealed higher (P < 0.01) aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, palmitoleic and oleic acid in samples from the Padma, whereas leucine and isoleucine contents were higher (P < 0.01) in hilsa from Hooghly. Sensory evaluation test revealed superior (P < 0.05) taste, aroma, and muscle texture of hilsa from the Padma as compared to those from Hooghly. Higher alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, oleic acid, and palmitoleic acid along with higher n3:n6 fatty acid are attributed to the superior taste of hilsa from the Padma.
Dietary fatty acid quality affects systemic parameters and promotes prostatitis and pre-neoplastic lesions
Authors: Ferrucci Danilo , Silva Silas Pinto , Rocha Andr , Nascimento Lucas , Vieira André Schwambach , Taboga Sebastião Roberto , Mori Marcelo , Lenz-Cesar Carlos , Carvalho Hernandes F.
Published: December 2019

Environmental and nutritional factors, including fatty acids (FA), are associated with prostatitis, benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. We hypothesized that different FA in normolipidic diets (7%) affect prostate physiology, increasing the susceptibility to prostate disorders. Thus, we fed male C57/BL6 mice with normolipidic diets based on linseed oil, soybean oil or lard (varying saturated and unsaturated FA contents and ω-3/ω-6 ratios) for 12 or 32 weeks after weaning and examined structural and functional parameters of the ventral prostate (VP) in the systemic metabolic context. Mongolian gerbils were included because they present a metabolic detour for low water consumption (i.e., oxidize FA to produce metabolic water). A linseed oil-based diet (LO, 67.4% PUFAs, ω-3/ω-6 = 3.70) resulted in a thermogenic profile, while a soybean oil-based diet (SO, 52.7% PUFAs, ω-3/ω-6 = 0.11) increased body growth and adiposity. Mice fed lard (PF, 13.1% PUFA, ω-3/ω-6 = 0.07) depicted a biphasic growth, resulting in decreased adiposity in adulthood. SO and PF resulted in hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis, respectively. PF and SO increased prostate epithelial volume, and lard resulted in epithelial hyperplasia. Animals in the LO group had smaller prostates with predominant atrophic epithelia and inflammatory loci. Inflammatory cells were frequent in the VP of PF mice (predominantly stromal) and LO mice (predominantly luminal). RNAseq after 12 weeks revealed good predictors of a later-onset inflammation. The transcriptome unveiled ontologies related to ER stress after 32 weeks on PF diets. In conclusion, different FA qualities result in different metabolic phenotypes and differentially impact prostate size, epithelial volume, inflammation and gene expression.
Bonobo personality predicts friendship
Authors: Verspeek Jonas , Staes Nicky , Leeuwen Edwin J. C. van , Eens Marcel , Stevens Jeroen M. G.
Published: December 2019

In bonobos, strong bonds have been documented between unrelated females and between mothers and their adult sons, which can have important fitness benefits. Often age, sex or kinship similarity have been used to explain social bond strength variation. Recent studies in other species also stress the importance of personality, but this relationship remains to be investigated in bonobos. We used behavioral observations on 39 adult and adolescent bonobos housed in 5 European zoos to study the role of personality similarity in dyadic relationship quality. Dimension reduction analyses on individual and dyadic behavioral scores revealed multidimensional personality (Sociability, Openness, Boldness, Activity) and relationship quality components (value, compatibility). We show that, aside from relatedness and sex combination of the dyad, relationship quality is also associated with personality similarity of both partners. While similarity in Sociability resulted in higher relationship values, lower relationship compatibility was found between bonobos with similar Activity scores. The results of this study expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying social bond formation in anthropoid apes. In addition, we suggest that future studies in closely related species like chimpanzees should implement identical methods for assessing bond strength to shed further light on the evolution of this phenomenon.
Real-time PCR for direct aptamer quantification on functionalized graphene surfaces
Authors: dos Santos Viviane C. F. , Almeida Nathalie B. F. , de Sousa Thiago A. S. L. , Araujo Eduardo N. D. , de Andrade Antero S. R. , Plentz Flávio
Published: December 2019

In this study, we develop a real-time PCR strategy to directly detect and quantify DNA aptamers on functionalized graphene surfaces using a Staphylococcus aureus aptamer (SA20) as demonstration case. We show that real-time PCR allowed aptamer quantification in the range of 0.05 fg to 2.5 ng. Using this quantitative technique, it was possible to determine that graphene functionalization with amino modified SA20 (preceded by a graphene surface modification with thionine) was much more efficient than the process using SA20 with a pyrene modification. We also demonstrated that the functionalization methods investigated were selective to graphene as compared to bare silicon dioxide surfaces. The precise quantification of aptamers immobilized on graphene surface was performed for the first time by molecular biology techniques, introducing a novel methodology of wide application.
System OMICs analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing B0/W148 cluster
Authors: Bespyatykh Julia , Shitikov Egor , Guliaev Andrei , Smolyakov Alexander , Klimina Ksenia , Veselovsky Vladimir , Malakhova Maya , Arapidi Georgij , Dogonadze Marine , Manicheva Olga , Bespiatykh Dmitry , Mokrousov Igor , Zhuravlev Viacheslav , Ilina Elena , Govorun Vadim
Published: December 2019

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing B0/W148 is one of the most widely distributed clusters in the Russian Federation and in some countries of the former Soviet Union. Recent studies have improved our understanding of the reasons for the “success” of the cluster but this area remains incompletely studied. Here, we focused on the system omics analysis of the RUS_B0 strain belonging to the Beijing B0/W148 cluster. Completed genome sequence of RUS_B0 (CP030093.1) and a collection of WGS for 394 cluster strains were used to describe the main genetic features of the population. In turn, proteome and transcriptome studies allowed to confirm the genomic data and to identify a number of finds that have not previously been described. Our results demonstrated that expression of the whiB6 which contains cluster-specific polymorphism (a151c) increased almost 40 times in RUS_B0. Additionally, the level of ethA transcripts in RUS_B0 was increased by more than 7 times compared to the H37Rv. Start sites for 10 genes were corrected based on the combination of proteomic and transcriptomic data. Additionally, based on the omics approach, we identified 5 new genes. In summary, our analysis allowed us to summarize the available results and also to obtain fundamentally new data.
An ecohydrological approach to the river contamination by PCDDs, PCDFs and dl-PCBs – concentrations, distribution and removal using phytoremediation techniques
Authors: Urbaniak M. , Kiedrzyńska E. , Wyrwicka A. , Zieliński M. , Mierzejewska E. , Kiedrzyński M. , Kannan K. , Zalewski M.
Published: December 2019

The levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in the Pilica River and Sulejów Reservoir were found to be 46% higher during the flood season than during stable flow periods. In addition, PCDD/PCDF and dl-PCB mass loads increased by 5- to 12-fold and by 23- to 60-fold for toxic equivalency (TEQ) during flooding. The Sulejów Reservoir was found to play a positive role in reducing PCDD, PCDF and dl-PCB transport within the study period, with reductions ranging from 17 to 83% for total concentrations, and 33 to 79% for TEQ. Wastewater Treatment Plants (WTPs) were not efficient at mass concentration removal, with small displaying the least efficiency. WTPs discharge pollutants into the aquatic environment, they also produce sludge that requires disposal, similar to reservoir sediments. Sludge- or sediment-born PCDDs, PCDFs and dl-PCBs may be removed using phytoremediation. The cultivation of cucumber and zucchini, two efficient phytoremediators of organic pollutants, on polluted substrate resulted in a mean decrease in PCDD + PCDF + dl-PCB TEQ concentrations: 64% for cucumber and 69% for zucchini in sludge-amended soil, and by 52% for cucumber and 51% for zucchini in sediment-amended soil.
Towards dual SPECT/optical bioimaging with a mitochondrial targeting, 99mTc(i) radiolabelled 1,8-naphthalimide conjugate
Authors: Day Adam H. , Domarkas Juozas , Nigam Shubhanchi , Renard Isaline , Cawthorne Christopher , Burke Benjamin P. , Bahra Gurmit S. , Oyston Petra C. F. , Fallis Ian A. , Archibald Stephen J. , Pope Simon J. A.
Published: December 2019

Highly fluorescent naphthalimide fluorophores can be radiolabelled with Tc(i)-99m for bimodal bioimaging applications.
Neutral and cationic enantiopure group 13 iminophosphonamide complexes
Authors: Goswami Bhupendra , Yadav Ravi , Schoo Christoph , Roesky Peter W.
Published: December 2019

Utilising the enantiopure iminophosphonamide ligand the enantiopure group 13 metal complexes have been synthesised. The cationic complexes have been accessed using halide abstraction.
A computational investigation of orbital overlap versus energy degeneracy covalency in [UE2]2+ (E = O, S, Se, Te) complexes
Authors: Platts James A. , Baker Robert J.
Published: December 2019

Covalency in analogues of uranyl with heavy chalcogens is explored using DFT, and traced to increased energy-degeneracy as the group is descended.
Oriented proton-conductive nano-sponge-facilitated polymer electrolyte membranes
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhang Junfeng , Zheng Chenyang , Xue Jiandang , Huang Tong , Yin Yan , Qin Yanzhou , Jiao Kui , Du Qing , Guiver Michael D.
Published: December 2019

Aligned nano-sponges accommodate only non-freezable water and facilitate efficient water retention in the membrane, even under low relative humidity conditions.
Review on magnetic nanoferrites and their composites as alternatives in waste water treatment: synthesis, modifications and applications
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Singh Dosanjh Harmanjit , Sonika  , Singh Jandeep , Monir Kamarul , Singh Harminder
Published: December 2019

The present review highlights different types of nanoferrites and their surface-modified composites as alternative adsorbents in waste water treatment.
Substrate-driven switchable molecular orientation in bulk heterojunction films identified using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Shahiduzzaman Md. , Hirayama Tomoki , Chikamatsu Tatsuki , Koganezawa Tomoyuki , Nakano Masahiro , Miyadera Tetsuhiko , Karakawa Makoto , Takahashi Kohshin , Taima Tetsuya
Published: December 2019

Substrate-driven molecular orientation switching could be possible to create electronic devices, such as transistors and solar cells.
K2S2O8-HFIP synergistically promoted para-selective sp3 C–H bond diarylation of glycine esters
Authors: Xu Qingfeng , Li Bang , Ma Yujie , Sun Fei , Gao Yanan , Ye Na
Published: December 2019

A metal-free K2S2O8-HFIP synergistically promoted Friedel–Crafts dialkylation between a glycine derivative and N-substituted aniline was developed to efficiently synthesize diarylmethane derivatives.
Mechanisms of pattern and colour generation of Chinese Tianmu glaze
Authors: Shi Xiaotao , Yu Yougen , Sun Qian , Zhu Weiya , Peng Cheng , Wu Jianqing
Published: December 2019

Tianmu glaze wares are a very famous form of ancient Chinese porcelain.
Synergetic effect of dual co-catalysts on the activity of BiVO4 for photocatalytic carbamazepine degradation
Authors: Wang Beibei , Li Ping , Du Chunlei , Wang Yan , Gao Daxin , Li Songtao , Zhang Liying , Wen Fuyu
Published: December 2019

An efficient visible-light driven three components photocatalyst for carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation has been assembled by co-loading reduction cocatalyst Pt and oxidation cocatalyst Co3O4 (MnOx) on BiVO4. An obvious synergetic effect is observed.
Anion effects on the solvation structure and properties of imide lithium salt-based electrolytes
Authors: Wang Li , Luo Zhen , Xu Hong , Piao Nan , Chen Zonghai , Tian Guangyu , He Xiangming
Published: December 2019

The anion effect on Li+ solvation and consequent electrochemical and physical properties was studied on the basis of LiFSI-DMC and LiTFSI-DMC based dilute electrolytes, highly concentrated electrolytes, and localized concentrated electrolytes.
Evaluation of the digestibility of steam-exploded wheat straw by ruminal fermentation, sugar yield and microbial structurein vitro
Authors: Du Chunmei , Nan Xuemei , Wang Kun , Zhao Yiguang , Xiong Benhai
Published: December 2019

Wheat straw is considered an abundant lignocellulosic biomass source in China.
Metabolomics study of the anti-inflammatory effects of endogenous omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Peng Yu , Ren Huixia , Tao Hongxun , He Chengwei , Li Peng , Wan Jian-Bo , Su Huanxing
Published: December 2019

Low-grade inflammation is usually defined as the chronic production and a low-grade state of inflammatory factors, it often does not have symptoms, and has been associated with neurodegenerative disease, obesity, and diabetes.
Effects of S. mutans gene-modification and antibacterial calcium phosphate nanocomposite on secondary caries and marginal enamel hardness
Authors: Chen Hong , Tang Yunhao , Weir Michael D. , Lei Lei , Masri Radi , Lynch Christopher D. , Oates Thomas W. , Zhang Ke , Hu Tao , Xu Hockin H. K.
Published: December 2019

Secondary caries at the restoration-tooth margins is a main reason for dental restoration failures.
A breakthrough in the intrinsic multiferroic temperature region in Prussian blue analogues
Authors: Kong Qingrong , Qin Ruixuan , Li Dong , Zhao Haixia , Ren Yanping , Long Lasheng , Zheng Lansun
Published: December 2019

Prussian blue analogue film exhibits ferroelectric from 10 to 310 K and works up to 210 K as a molecular-based multiferroic material.
Design of organic structure directing agents to control the synthesis of zeolites for carbon capture and storage
Authors: Daeyaert Frits , Deem Michael W.
Published: December 2019

Zeolites more efficient at carbon capture than scrubbing with aqueous monoethanolamine, and the best OSDAs designed for the synthesis of each.
The Ag-promoted α-C–H arylation of alcohols
Authors: Wang Shoufeng , Xing Shuya , Zhang Yingying , Fan Yafei , Zhao Huaiqing , Wang Jianfeng , Zhang Shuxiang , Wang Wengui
Published: December 2019

We herein report the functionalization of α-C–H in alcohols through cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions.
Life cycle assessment of power-to-gas with biogas as the carbon source
Authors: Zhang Xiaojin , Witte Julia , Schildhauer Tilman , Bauer Christian
Published: December 2019

Power-to-gas systems (CO2methanation and biogas methanation) with biogas as carbon source are compared with conventional biogas upgrading through LCA in this study.
Synthesis of aviation fuel from bio-derived isophorone
Authors: Ryan Courtney Ford , Moore Cameron M. , Leal Juan H. , Semelsberger Troy A. , Banh Jenny K. , Zhu Junqing , McEnally Charles S. , Pfefferle Lisa D. , Sutton Andrew D.
Published: December 2019

Using photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition, a cyclobutane dione was generated from isophorone, a condensate of bio-acetone.
Degradation of quantum dot light emitting diodes, the case under a low driving level
Authors: Xue Xulan , Dong Jiayi , Wang Shuangpeng , Zhang Hanzhuang , Zhang Han , Zhao Jialong , Ji Wenyu
Published: December 2019

The case of degradation in red QLEDs driven by a low current density of 7.5 mA cm−2 is systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that the exceeding electron accumulation and leakage are responsible for the degradation of red QLED devices.
Achieving a high-performance, self-powered, broadband perovskite photodetector employing MAPbI3 microcrystal films
Authors: Pan Xiyan , Zhou Hai , Liu Ronghuan , Wu Dingjun , Song Zehao , Tang Xiaoming , Yang Xiaohan , Wang Hao
Published: December 2019

High-performance, self-powered, broadband MAPbI3 perovskite microcrystal photodetector.
Field repair of a severely damaged FG/epoxy fuselage
Authors: Czarnocki Piotr , Zagrajek Tomasz , Świtkiewicz Roman
Published: December 2019

The paper presents development of a repair procedure for a severely damaged primary laminate structure of a light aircraft, certified in accordance with CS22. The procedure was developed with the assumption that it would be a field repair carried out by people of average manual skills, who have not been trained in repairs of composite structures. To develop the procedure, a typical FG/epoxy laminate glider fuselage was used. The primary objective of the repair was to restore the original fuselage stiffness, while maintaining possibly low stress concentrations resulting from the repairs. To facilitate development of the repair, an FE model was developed. It was parametrized to be useful for design of similar repairs of similar structures. The experimental work done with the use of a real structure allowed the authors to verify numerical simulations, which were found to be correct.
Mode II fracture toughness of asymmetric metal-composite adhesive joints
Authors: Tsokanas Panayiotis , Loutas Theodoros , Pegkos Dimitrios , Sotiriadis George , Kostopoulos Vassilis
Published: December 2019

The paper presents an experimental investigation of the mode II fracture toughness behavior of dissimilar metal-composite adhesive joints using the end-notched flexure (ENF) test. The adhesive joint under study consists of a thin titanium sheet joined with a thin CFRP laminate and is envisioned tobe applied in the hybrid laminar flow control system of future aircraft. Four different industrial technologies for the manufacturing of the joint areevaluated; co-bonding with and without adhesive and secondary bonding using either a thermoset or a thermoplastic composite. The vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique is employed for the manufacturing of the titanium-CFRP joint. After manufacturing, the joint is stiffened from its both sides with two aluminum backing beams to prevent large deformations during the subsequent ENF tests. Towards the fracture toughness determination from the experimental data, an analytical model recently reported by the authors is applied; that model considers the bending-extension coupling of each sub-laminate of the joint as well as the effect of the manufacturing-induced residual thermal stresses. The load-displacement behaviors, failure patterns, and fracture toughness performances for each of the four manufacturing options (MO) investigated are presented and compared.
Novel CNTs grafting on carbon fibres through CVD: investigation of epoxy matrix/fibre interface via nanoindentation
Authors: Termine Stefania , Trompeta Aikaterini-Flora A. , Dragatogiannis Dimitrios A. , Charitidis Costas A.
Published: December 2019

Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs) have spread to a broad range of sectors including automobile, aeronautics and space industry the last decades. Recently, the emergence of new requirements for improved smart properties and functionalities have been main drivers to the introduction of novel methodologies and optimization of processes. A new approach of functionalizing CFs is the in-situ grafting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto the surface of fibres, through chemical vapour deposition (CVD). In this study, CFRPs were manufactured via Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) and characterized by microscopy techniques through their cross-section. The effect of CNTs in-situ grafting onto the CFs on the mechanical behavior of the composite was studied both in micro- and macro-scale level, through instrumented indentation technique and tensile testing. The mechanical behaviour of the composite with the CNTs in-situ grafted onto the CFs was compared with CNTs-modified composites, containing CNTs in the epoxy matrix. Comparing the nanomechanical properties with conventional mechanical testing, the enhancement of mechanical behaviour was revealed for the case of the CNTs-modified composite. Additionally, an increased interfacial adhesion between the CNTs-functionalised CFs and the polymer matrix was observed, indicating that CNTs contribute to an enhanced bonding between matrix and CFs.
A new approach of creating a finite element stick model for flutter analysis
Authors: Kratochví Aleš
Published: December 2019

The article describes a new approach of creating a finite element stick model for the purpose of the aircraft flutter analysis. The control surface properties are merged with a lifting surface element as a special degree of freedom (DOF). The number of DOF for the coordination system is increased from the classical 6DOF to 9DOF. A new beam element and concentrated mass element are present for the purpose of modal and flutter analysis. The advantage of this method lies in reducing the number of model nodes and introduction of a more appropriate arrangement of global mass matrix for eigen-value extraction. Quality of results is not affected. The paper also presents a verification example of a real sports aircraft.
The concept and methodical assumptions for the development of dynamically scaled aircraft model (passenger aircraft)
Authors: Olejnik Aleksander , Kachel Stanisław , Rogólski Robert , Milczarczyk Jarosław
Published: December 2019

The article describes the concept of scaled model and its application in the process of real aircraft prototyping. Computer simulations of aerodynamic flows are commonly used in the design of aircraft. Numerous data on the characteristics of an airplane can be obtained using tunnel tests of geometry scaled models. To get complete information in extreme or unstable conditions, dynamically scaled models are tested. The scaled model is reduced model of the real airplane which has specific qualities similar to real aircraft qualities and these relations are strictly defined with characteristic similarity numbers (factors). The paper presents methodology for determining scale factors in relation to geometric, aerodynamic and structural properties (mass, stiffness) of the aircraft. The methodology was presented on the example of passenger aircraft (Tu-154M) model developed in Faculty of Mechatronics and Aerospace of the Military University of Technology (FMA MUT Warsaw, PL).