bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sinonasal epithelial cells synthesize active vitamin D, augmenting host innate immune function
Authors: Sultan Babar , Ramanathan Murugappan , Lee Joan , May Lindsey , Lane Andrew P.
Published: October 2012

Background:

Vitamin D, long recognized for its role in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis, has been increasingly shown to augment innate immunity. 1‐α‐Hydroxylase, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of active vitamin D, has been shown to have extrarenal expression in multiple cell types, including airway epithelial cells. The purpose of this study is to explore whether sinonasal epithelial cells (SNECs) express 1‐α‐hydroxylase, allowing for the local production of active vitamin D, thereby augmenting innate immune function.

Methods:

Human SNECs were grown in culture and stimulated by inactive vitamin D. Expression of 1‐α‐hydroxylase was measured by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. Active vitamin D production was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide, was measured by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry.

Results:

SNECs constitutively express the enzyme 1‐α‐hydroxylase resulting in active vitamin D production. SNECs exposed to inactive vitamin D had a significant 8‐fold increase in cathelicidin expression when compared to controls.

Conclusion:

SNECs can generate active vitamin D, which significantly increases expression of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin. © 2013 ARS–AAOA, LLC.
The subspecialty of rhinology: a survey of otolaryngology chairmen
Authors: Tabaee Abtin , Brown Seth M.
Published: October 2012

Background

The past decade has witnessed the emergence of rhinology as a distinct subspecialty within otolaryngology. A critical evaluation of this process is necessary to define the field and to determine the impact of subspecialization on residency education.

Methods

An Internet‐based survey of otolaryngology residency chairmen was performed to query attitudes about the importance of various aspects of rhinologic education including didactics, presence of rhinology faculty, exposure to research, office‐based rhinology, and various surgical procedures. A 7‐point Likert scale was used to rate responses.

Results

A 30.2% response rate was noted for the chairmen survey. From the chairmen's perspective, overall high levels of importance were ascribed to rhinology education and surgical training in otolaryngology residency. Lower scores for importance were noted for basic science research, exposure to office‐based allergy care, and advanced surgical procedures. High scores were noted for the importance of fellowship training in the professional development of a resident interested in pursuing a career in rhinology.

Conclusion

Overall high levels of importance were ascribed by the participating chairmen to the importance of rhinology education in residency. As the subspecialty of rhinology continues to develop, the role of the various educational, research and clinical activities will require continued evaluation.
Two heptadentate Co(III) and Mn(III) complexes with partially deprotonated cyclen derivative bearing four hydroxypropyl pendants: structure, DNA binding and DNA cleavage
Authors: Yin Yu‐Xin , Wen Jing‐Han , Geng Zhi‐Rong , Li Yi‐Zhi , Wang Zhi‐Lin
Published: October 2012

Two new complexes, (CoIII)2(H3L−)2(0.5H2O)2(ClO4)4 (I) and (MnIII)2(H3L−)2(0.5H2O)2 (ClO4)4 (II), were synthesized and crystallographically characterized [H4L = 1,4,7,10‐tetra‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)‐l,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane] using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometery. The characterizations confirmed that the valences of the metal ions increased from divalent to trivalent due to deprotonation of one OH group (H4L was in the form of H3L−). Owing to the instability of Co(III) and Mn(III) in both air and in solution, they preferred to exist in divalent form. The two heptadentate complexes are extraordinary in that the chiral pendants of the complexes are different in configuration. Spectroscopic studies, viscosity measurements, thermal denaturation experiments and circular dichroism spectra demonstrated that the complexes were prone to interact with DNA by groove binding. At micromolar concentrations and under physiological conditions, the two complexes were able to oxidatively cleave the supercoiled pUC19 plasmid DNA into its nicked and linear forms. Mechanistic studies using various additives suggest the complexes had structures different from those of other inorganic complexes. These are the first reported inorganic complexes not containing planar aromatic ligands and yet binding at the major groove. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managed and natural inundation: benefits for conservation of native fish in a semi‐arid wetland system
Authors: Vilizzi L. , McCarthy B. J. , Scholz O. , Sharpe C. P. , Wood D. B.
Published: October 2012

Floodplain wetlands are areas of high biodiversity and conservation value, including those in semi‐arid regions. River regulation has resulted in disconnection from the main river channel of several ephemeral wetland systems, with profound modifications to their natural wetting/drying cycles that have contributed to the decline in diversity, distribution and abundance of native fish.

From 2005 to 2011, a series of managed inundation events through pumping followed by natural inundation allowed assessment and comparison of the fish assemblage developing in Hattah Lakes, a semi‐arid wetland system of the regulated Murray River (Victoria, Australia).

As a result of one‐way pumping from the main channel to Hattah Lakes, a ‘filtered’ fish assemblage consisting mainly of small‐bodied native species and very low numbers of non‐native species fully developed within 2 years. After disconnection from the main river channel in the absence of pumping, within‐system recruitment also occurred, but later drying of all water bodies caused the entire fish assemblage to perish. Conversely, following two‐way flooding by natural inundation a more diverse fish assemblage developed, including large‐bodied native species but also non‐native species, some of which were previously unrecorded.

Managed inundation through pumping in Hattah Lakes represents a viable option for the creation of fish habitat, for promoting recruitment, and as a measure of rehabilitation. However, the absence of connectivity back to the main river channel means that future measures should be implemented to maintain a refuge water pool until the next inundation event. Long‐term monitoring is a key component of the integrated wetland conservation framework adopted by the Ramsar Wetland Convention, and this is especially relevant to the conservation of semi‐arid wetlands world‐wide including Hattah Lakes.

Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two ZnII Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Sites: Structures, Adsorption, and Catalysis
Authors: Lin Xiao‐Ming , Li Ting‐Ting , Wang Yi‐Wei , Zhang Li , Su Cheng‐Yong
Published: October 2012

Assembly of Zn(NO3)2 with the tripodal ligand H3TCPB (1,3,5‐tri(4‐carboxyphenoxy)benzene) affords two porous isoreticular metal‐organic frameworks, [Zn3(TCPB)2⋅2DEF]⋅ 3DEF (1) and [Zn3(TCPB)2⋅2H2O]⋅ 2H2O⋅4DMF (2). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses reveal that 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c and possesses a 2D network containing 1D microporous opening channels with an effective size of 3.0×2.9 Å2, whereas 2 crystallizes in the trigonal space group ${P\bar 3}$c1 and also possesses a 2D network containing 1D channels, with an effective aperture of 4.0×4.0 Å2. TOPOS analysis reveals that both 1 and 2 have a (3,6)‐connected network topology with the Schläfli symbol of (43⋅612) (43)2. According to the variable‐temperature powder X‐ray diffraction patterns, the solid phase of 1 can be converted into that of 2 during a temperature‐induced dynamic structural transformation, thus indicating that the framework of 2 represents the most thermally stable polymorph. Desolvated 2 exhibits highly selective adsorption behaviors toward H2/N2, CO2/N2, and CO2/CH4; furthermore, it displays size‐selective catalytic activity towards carbonyl cyanosilylation and Henry (nitroaldol) reactions.
Sonderfälle des Trittschallschutzes Teil 1: Laminat‐ und Parkettböden, Trockenböden und Terrassenbeläge
Authors: Sälzer Elmar , Maack Jürgen , Möck Thomas
Published: October 2012

Seit Jahrzehnten besteht bei der Planung von Gebäuden das Problem, dass der größte Teil der praktisch vorkommenden Konstruktionen, die Anforderungen an den Trittschallschutz unterliegen, mit dem Instrumentarium von DIN 4109:1989‐11 “Schallschutz im Hochbau“ rechnerisch nicht oder nicht wirtschaftlich nachweisbar ist. Auch der in Kürze neu erscheinende Entwurf zu DIN 4109 hat in dieser Beziehung nur unwesentliche Fortschritte gemacht. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird dargestellt, welche Parameter des Trittschallschutzes bei Nachweisen angesetzt werden können, wenn DIN 4109 hierzu keine Angaben macht. Darüber hinaus werden für spezielle Konstruktionen entsprechende Hinweise gegeben, bei deren rechnerischem Nachweis mit Einzahlangaben (z. B. Berechnungen des Norm‐Trittschallpegels mit der bewerteten Trittschallminderung) unbefriedigende Ergebnisse aufgrund des Verlaufs der Trittschallminderung über der Frequenz gegeben sind. Es werden leichte, harte Beläge mit definierter Trittschalldämmung (Laminat, Parkett, Fliesen) und Trockenkonstruktionen (Trockenestriche und Trockenhohlraumböden sowie Terrassenbeläge) behandelt. Es ist vorgesehen, über die trittschalltechnische Sanierung von Treppen, den Trittschallschutz von Balkonen und über den Trittschallschutz von Standard‐Doppel‐ und Hohlböden in einem zweiten Aufsatz zu berichten.

Special impact sound insulation cases, Part 1: Laminate and parquet flooring, dry and raised floor constructions and terrace flooring. For a long time now it has not been feasible, or not economically feasible, using the methods provided by DIN 4109:1989‐11 “Sound insulation in buildings“, to provide calculated evidence for the majority of constructions that are in common use which are subject to impact sound insulation requirements. Even the new draft of DIN 4109, which is due to be published shortly, has not made any significant progress in the matter. The article below illustrates which parameters can be used for providing evidence of impact sound insulation in cases where DIN 4109 does not provide any guidance. In addition, information is supplied for special constructions in which the calculated evidence using single‐number data input (e.g. calculating the standard impact sound level using the respective impact sound reduction value) leads to unsatisfactory results due to the curve of impact sound reduction values over the range of frequencies. The article investigates hard, lightweight floor finishes with defined impact sound insulation (laminate, parquet, tiles) and dry constructions (dry and raised floor constructions and terrace flooring). It is intended to provide information on upgrading staircases to improve the impact sound insulation, on impact sound insulation of balconies and impact sound insulation of standard raised floor construction in a second article.
Klimadaten und Klimawandel – Untersuchungen zum Einfluss auf den Energiebedarf, den Leistungsbedarf und den thermischen Komfort von Gebäuden
Authors: Voss Karsten , Künz Carolin
Published: October 2012

Im Zuge der Erforschung des Klimawandels sind die Prognosemodelle in den letzten Jahren soweit verbessert worden, dass lokale und regionale Klimadatensätze für die Anwendung in Energieberechnungsverfahren für Gebäude vorliegen. Der Beitrag analysiert die Datensätze aus den aktuell verfügbaren Quellen und stellt die relevanten Charakteristika gegenüber. Mit Simulationsrechnungen anhand von drei Nichtwohngebäuden (Büro, Schule, Hotel) wird aufgezeigt, wie sich die Klimadaten auf den Energiebedarf, den Leistungsbedarf und den thermischen Komfort auswirken, sofern keinerlei Anpassungen bei der Baukonstruktion, der Anlagentechnik oder dem Nutzerverhalten erfolgen. Einem deutlich sinkenden Heizwärmebedarf steht bis 2050 eine Zunahme der sommerlichen Raumtemperaturen bzw. des Kältebedarfs gegenüber. Die sommerliche Situation wird insbesondere für Bürobauten kritisch, so dass technische Anlagen zur Kühlung in den sommerheißen Regionen erforderlich werden. Dieser Trend wurde bereits in den vergangenen Jahren beobachtet. Während es für Neubauten dazu energieeffiziente Lösungen gibt, ist die Entwicklung für Bestandsgebäude kritisch. Hier sind wesentliche Verbesserungen von Sonnenschutz und Lüftungsstrategien erforderlich. Für Schulen und Hotels fallen die zu erwartenden Veränderungen vergleichsweise moderat aus.

Climate data and climate change – Analysis of the influence on energy demand, performance requirement and thermal comfort of buildings. Continuous research on climate change has improved the knowledge on climate forecast modelling, so that local and regional climate data sets for the application in building energy modelling are available. The paper analyses the data sets of most known sources and compares the relevant characteristics at four German locations. Simulation results for three commercial building examples (office, school and hotel) illustrate how the climate change may influence heating and cooling demands and capacities as well as the summer thermal comfort if no adjustments with respect to construction, service technology and user behaviour are applied. A significant decrease in space heating demand is contrasted by increased cooling demand and increased indoor temperatures during summer even until 2050. Especially for the office buildings, the summer conditions develop critical, so that active cooling will be mandatory in the summer hot regions. This trend was already detected during the past decade. The forecast is critical for all existing buildings. Significant improvements of the envelope properties such as glazing or shading and passive cooling options become mandatory. The changes predicted for schools and hotels remain moderate.
Neubau des “Grand Stade du Havre”
Authors: Schöne Lutz , Arndt Jochen
Published: October 2012

32 500 m2 einlagige, eingefärbte ETFE‐Membran, vier eigens entwickelte Blautöne, ein Stadion wie aus einem Guss: Das Grand Stade du Havre an der französischen Atlantikküste ist eines der ersten Bauwerke, das mit eingefärbter ETFE‐Folie realisiert wurde – und bislang das größte. Dieser Beitrag umreißt die konstruktive Lösung, die Bemessung und die Montage einer großflächigen einlagigen ETFE‐Fassade und gibt einen Einblick in die Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Materialeigenschaften eingefärbter ETFE‐Folie. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Bemessung der Konstruktion für Wind‐ und Schneelasten sowie für hohe Temperaturen.

Stadium in blue – Construction of “Grand Stade du Havre”

32 500 m2 of single‐layer, dyed ETFE‐membrane, four specially developed shades of blue, a stadium forming a uniform and integrated whole: The Grand Stade du Havre at the French Atlantic Coast is one of the first buildings that has been realized with dyed ETFE‐foils – and up to now it is the largest. This article outlines the constructive solution, the dimensioning and the construction of an extensive single‐layer ETFE‐facade and provides an insight into the fabrication, the processing and the material properties of dyed ETFE‐foils. The report focuses on the measurement/calculation of the structure for wind and snow loads as well as for elevated temperatures.
Interdisziplinäres Entwerfen von Stadien
Authors: Göppert Knut
Published: October 2012

schlaich bergermann und partner haben sich dem Leichtbau verschrieben – dem effizienten Einsatz der Materialien, der Ablesbarkeit des Kraftflusses, der Einfachheit im Sinne von Beschränkung auf das Wesentliche nach dem Grundsatz “weniger ist mehr” – und der Ehrlichkeit, Konstruktion so zu zeigen, wie sie ist. Wir geben uns Mühe, die Details so auszubilden, dass sie offenlegen, was sie können und wie sie zum Erscheinungsbild positiv, also ohne Zierrat, ohne Verkleidung, beitragen. Unser Beitrag zur architektonischen Ideenfindung, zum Entwurf, basiert auf diesen Prinzipien, die sich so nicht nur in weitgespannten Dachkonstruktionen für Hallen und Stadien, sondern auch in allen anderen Bereichen unserer Arbeit und dabei sehr anschaulich auch im Brückenbau wiederfinden.

So versuchen wir, unseren Beitrag zu gelungener Architektur zu leisten. Das klappt natürlich dann besonders gut, wenn die beteiligten Architekten und Ingenieure, genauso wie unsere Auftraggeber, diese Grundsätze teilen.

Under large roofs – Interdisciplinary design of stadiums

schlaich bergermann und partner who are dedicated to lightweight structures – the efficient use of materials, the readability of the force flow, the simplicity in the sense of restriction to the essential principle of “less is more” – and the honesty to show construction as what it is. We try to design the details so that they disclose what they do, without embellishment. Our contribution to architectural ideas, to design, bases on these principles which are visible not only in long‐span roof structures, in arenas and stadiums, but also in all other areas of our work and very clearly also in bridge design.

In this way we try to contribute to successful architecture. This especially works well, if the participating architects and engineers, as well as our clients, share these principles.
Aquatics Centre, London 2012 Olympic and Paralympics Games
Authors: King Mike , Mungall Gordon
Published: October 2012

The Aquatics Centre is a centrepiece of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Already now before the opening of the Games it is regarded as an iconic legacy building. The building comprises a 50 m competition pool and 25 m dive pool under the wave‐form roof of the main pool hall. A 50 m training pool is situated beneath the Olympic Park entrance plaza structure which is built integrally with the rest of the building.

The engineering strategy has been developed around two basic configurations; the Games mode and Legacy Mode. In the Games mode the facility has a maximum gross spectator capacity of 17 500 for use for the London 2012 Games as well as housing facilities for the running of these events. In that mode temporary stands to the east and west of the competition and diving pools will seat approx. 15 000 spectators. In the legacy mode the building temporary seating will be dismantled and the building will be a permanent pool facility for the local community as well as national and international swimming events beyond the Games.

Each pool tank is provided with a combination of floating floors and movable sub‐division boom bulkheads to allow multiple legacy and community use.

Schwimm‐Arena der Olympischen und der Paralympischen Spiele London 2012

Die Schwimm‐Arena ist eines der Hauptgebäude der Olympischen wie auch der Paralympischen Spiele in London 2012. Schon vor Beginn der Spiele wurde es zu einer baulichen Ikone. Unter einem wellenförmigen Dach befinden sich ein 50‐m‐Schwimmbecken sowie ein 25‐m‐Becken mit Sprungtürmen. Das 50‐m‐Aufwärmbecken liegt unter einem der Eingänge zum Olympia Park, der so genannten Plaza.

Die ingenieurtechnischen Planungen erfolgten gemäß den unterschiedlichen Anforderungen der “Games Mode” und der “Legacy Mode” nach den Spielen. Während der Spiele bestehen Tribünenplätze für 17 500 Zuschauer sowie alle damit verbundenen sonstigen räumlichen Anforderungen. Die westlich und östlich der Becken gelegenen temporären Tribünen nehmen 15 000 Zuschauer auf. Für die “Legacy Mode” werden diese wieder abgebaut und die Schwimmhalle wird dann von der breiten Öffentlichkeit und für nationale wie internationale Schwimmwettbewerben genutzt. Alle Schwimmbecken verfügen über höhenverstellbare Böden und Unterteilungen.
Die Hüter der weißen Elefanten
Authors: Klos Stefan
Published: October 2012

Wird in Thailand ein Albino‐Elefant geboren, muss er seit 1921 per Gesetz dem König vorgeführt werden. Erfüllt das Tier die strengen Kriterien für heilige weiße Elefanten, geht es in den königlichen Besitz über. Der derzeitige Herrscher Rama IX. besitzt zehn weiße Elefanten. Das ist ein Zeichen von hohem Ansehen und enormem Reichtum. Denn weiße Elefanten sind sehr groß, sehr teuer und sehr nutzlos.
Schleuderbetonstützen aus hochfester Bewehrung und ultrahochfestem Beton
Authors: Müller Corinna , Empelmann Martin , Hude Florian , Adam Thomas
Published: October 2012

Innerhalb eines vom BMWi (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie) geförderten ZIM‐Projektes (Zentrales Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand) wurden am Institut für Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz (iBMB) der Technischen Universität Braunschweig in Kooperation mit der Firma Europoles GmbH & Co. KG sowie dem Stahlwerk Annahütte experimentelle und theoretische Untersuchungen zum Last‐Verformungsverhalten von Schleuderbetonstützen aus hochfester Betonstahlbewehrung und ultrahochfestem Beton durchgeführt. Des Weiteren wurden das Kurz‐ und Langzeit‐Materialverhalten der eingesetzten Hochleistungswerkstoffe untersucht.

Spun concrete columns made of high strength reinforcement and ultra‐high performance concrete

Within a ZIM (Zentrales Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand) research project, founded by the BMWi (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie), the load‐deformation behavior of spun concrete columns made of high strength reinforcement and ultra‐high performance concrete was investigated at the iBMB of the Technische Universität Braunschweig in cooperation with the companies Europoles GmbH & Co. KG and Stahlwerk Annahütte. Furthermore, the short‐ and long‐term material behavior of the used high performance materials was analyzed.
Diskriminanzanalyse zur effektiven Nachweisführung typisierter Ankerplatten
Authors: Post Reinhard , Schindler Steffen , Mark Peter , Hebach Franziska
Published: October 2012

Ankerplatten mit Kopfbolzendübeln werden bei Großprojekten wie Kraftwerksbauten häufig typisiert und in großer Stückzahl verwendet. Für derartige Bemessungsaufgaben, die sich oft wiederholen, in sich aber sehr komplex sein können, bietet sich das stochastische Verfahren der Diskriminanzanalyse zur Vereinfachung und Beschleunigung an. Der Beitrag zeigt Grundlagen und Weiterentwicklungen beider Themenkomplexe, also die der Diskriminanzanalyse und der Ankerplattenbemessung mit normierten Interaktionsdiagrammen auf Schnittgrößenbasis. Zusammengeführt gelingt die Einteilung von Schnittgrößenkombinationen zu geeigneten Ankerplattentypen mithilfe von Samplingverfahren zur Datengenerierung, Diskriminanzfunktionen und numerischen Optimierungsmethoden in der Auswertung auf Basis von üblichen Tabellenkalkulationsprogrammen. Beispiele zeigen die praktische Anwendung.

Discriminant analysis for an effective design of standardised anchor plates

Anchor plates with headed studs are often used in large‐scale projects like power plant constructions in a standardised way and in immense quantities. Such often repeated and complex design tasks can be effectively accomplished with the stochastic procedure of the discriminant analysis. The contribution focuses on fundamentals, elaborations and finally the combination of anchor plate design with standardised design charts and the discriminant analysis. Doing so, combinations of sectional forces are assigned to suitable types of anchor plates using sampling procedures to generate the initial data, discriminant functions and numerical optimisation methods within a spreadsheet environment. Examples illustrate the practical applications.
Modeling seasonality in space‐time infectious disease surveillance data
Authors: Held Leonhard , Paul Michaela
Published: October 2012

Infectious disease data from surveillance systems are typically available as multivariate times series of disease counts in specific administrative geographical regions. Such databases are useful resources to infer temporal and spatiotemporal transmission parameters to better understand and predict disease spread. However, seasonal variation in disease notification is a common feature of surveillance data and needs to be taken into account appropriately. In this paper, we extend a time series model for spatiotemporal surveillance counts to incorporate seasonal variation in three distinct components. A simulation study confirms that the different types of seasonality are identifiable and that a predictive approach suggested for model selection performs well. Application to surveillance data on influenza in Southern Germany reveals a better model fit and improved one‐step‐ahead predictions if all three components allow for seasonal variation.
Corrigendum: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of North American working hours restrictions on mortality and morbidity in surgical patients
Authors: Jamal M H , Doi S A R , Rousseau M , Edwards M , Rao C , Barendregt J J , Snell L , Meterissian S
Published: October 2012

No
The effects of linguistic relationships among paired associates on verbal self‐generation and recognition memory
Authors: Siegel Miriam , Allendorfer Jane B. , Lindsell Christopher J. , Vannest Jennifer , Szaflarski Jerzy P.
Published: October 2012

Previous studies have shown that self‐generated information is better remembered than information that has been read passively. To further examine this subsequent memory effect, we investigated the effect of five different linguistic relationships on memory encoding. Ninety subjects were administered 60 paired associates during an encoding condition: 30 of the second words from each pair were to be read aloud and 30 were to be self‐generated from clues as to the correct word. Word pairs were composed of five linguistic relationships: category, rhyme, opposite, synonym, and association. Subsequently, subjects were presented with the words that were read or generated in a forced recognition memory task. Overall, reading accuracy was higher than generation accuracy during the encoding phase (all P < 0.001). During the recognition phase, subjects' performance was better on the generate than on the read conditions for opposite, synonym, category, and association relationships (all P < 0.05), with no difference in the rhyme relationship. These results confirm previous findings that self‐generated information is better remembered than read information and suggest that this advantage may be mediated by using opposite, synonym, category, and association relationships, while rhyme relationship may not extend such an advantage. These findings may have implications for future studies of memory interventions in healthy controls and subjects with cognitive impairments.
Increasing the Storage Capacity and Selectivity in the Formation of Natural Gas Hydrates Using Porous Media
Authors: Gholipour Zanjani N. , Zarringhalam Moghaddam A. , Nazari K. , Mohammad‐Taheri M.
Published: October 2012

Formation of a gas hydrate with two different gas compositions (natural gas and a mixture of methane‐ethane‐propane) was investigated using a special method of producing the hydrate from ice. Gas uptake, splitting the fraction of each component between the gas phase and hydrate phase, and purification of methane were studied in the presence of silica‐based porous media. Addition of a small amount of colloidal silica media increased considerably the gas storage capacity of the hydrate phase. In the presence of silica‐based porous media, the purification factor of CH4 became significantly higher. The results can provide the basis for the storage of natural gas in hydrate form and application of the hydrate‐based gas separation technology to achieve methane with high purity from natural gas.
High‐Precision Power Measurement for the Grindability Test According to Zeisel
Authors: Fleiger P. M. , Reichardt R. , Treiber K.
Published: October 2012

Although established in the 1950s, the grindability test according to Zeisel is still one of the most important measurement techniques for the grindability of hard and brittle material. It is used intensively throughout the cement industry for testing clinker and slag, but also for limestone. Test results are applied for mill designing or capacity estimations and often form the basis for contracts for grinding equipment. The accuracy of the test strongly depends on the test parameters but also on the reliability of the employed measurement techniques. Although of high importance to the industry, these measurement techniques are not state‐of‐the‐art. The precise measurement of grinding work by a load cell is introduced which replaces measurement by deflection and protractor.
Turn‐On Fluorescence Sensor Based on Single‐Walled‐Carbon‐Nanohorn–Peptide Complex for the Detection of Thrombin
Authors: Zhu Shuyun , Liu Zhongyuan , Hu Lianzhe , Yuan Yali , Xu Guobao
Published: October 2012

Proteases play a central role in several widespread diseases. Thus, there is a great need for the fast and sensitive detection of various proteolytic enzymes. Herein, we have developed a carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based protease biosensing platform that uses peptides as a fluorescence probe for the first time. Single‐walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) and thrombin were used to demonstrate this detection strategy. SWCNHs can adsorb a fluorescein‐based dye (FAM)‐labeled peptide (FAM‐pep) and quench the fluorescence of FAM. In contrast, thrombin can cleave FAM‐pep on SWCNHs and recover the fluorescence of FAM, which allows the sensitive detection of thrombin. This biosensor has a high sensitivity and selectivity toward thrombin, with a detection limit of 100 pM.
ChemInform Abstract: Anosovite‐Type V3O5: A New Binary Oxide of Vanadium.
Authors: Weber D. , Wessel C. , Reimann C. , Schwickert C. , Mueller A. , Ressler T. , Poettgen R. , Bredow T. , Dronskowski R. , Lerch M.
Published: October 2012

The new anosovite‐type polymorph of the title compound is synthesized by reaction of either V2F6·4H2O or a mixture of 60 wt.% VF2·4H2O and 40 wt.% VF3·3H2O with a flowing water‐saturated gaseous mixture of 15—20 vol% H2 in argon (588 K, 14—18 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Stability, Structures and Properties of the (Bi2)m (Bi2Te3)n Natural Superlattices.
Authors: Bos J.‐W.G. , Faucheux F. , Downie R. A. , Marcinkova A.
Published: October 2012

BixTe1‐x compounds are prepared from the elements (quartz tubes, 250—475 °C, 3—10 d) and characterized by powder XRD, electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and magnetoresistance measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Elastic Properties of Novel Tungsten Nitrides.
Authors: Zhang Jianzhong , et al. et al.
Published: October 2012

The new compounds, hexagonal‐W2N3 and rhombohedral‐W2N3 are synthesized by solid state reaction of Na2WO4 and BN (5 GPa, 880—1770 K).
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Route for the Preparation of CoSb3 and Mg2Si Derivatives.
Authors: Godlewska E. , Mars K. , Zawadzka K.
Published: October 2012

The title compounds are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of elemental powders by combustion synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Chiral Diene Ligands in Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Arylboronic Acids to α,β‐Unsaturated Sulfonyl Compounds.
Authors: Nishimura Takahiro , Takiguchi Yuka , Hayashi Tamio
Published: October 2012

The diene ligand is found to be essential for the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Ring Opening Reactions of 3‐Oxa‐1‐azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan‐2‐ones. Synthesis of Aminomethyl Oxazolidinones and Aziridinyl Ureas.
Authors: Wells Greggory M. , Dudding Travis , Belding Lee , Frick Jeffery A. , Nayek Abhijit , Huang Junfeng , Katz Steven J. , Bergmeier Stephen C.
Published: October 2012

The product ratio strongly depends on the polarity of the solvent, cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Reductions of β,β‐Disubstituted Enones Catalyzed by Nonracemically Ligated Copper Hydride.
Authors: Voigtritter Karl R. , Isley Nicholas A. , Moser Ralph , Aue Donald H. , Lipshutz Bruce H.
Published: October 2012

An alteration in regioselectivity is observed for the enantioselective copper(I) hydride reduction of α,β‐unsaturated ketones such as (I) or (IV) in dependance on the ligand used.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Formation of Formamidines or 7‐Aminomethylbenzoxazoles from Unprecedented Couplings Between Benzoxazoles and Amines.
Authors: Yu Dingyi , Lee Szehui , Sum Yin Ngai , Zhang Yugen
Published: October 2012

Formamidines (III), precursors of 2‐aminobenzoxazoles, are produced by ring‐opening amination of benzoxazoles (I) with cyclic and acyclic secondary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Difluoro(trimethylsilyl)acetonitrile: Synthesis and Fluoroalkylation Reactions.
Authors: Kosobokov Mikhail D. , Dilman Alexander D. , Levin Vitalij V. , Struchkova Marina I.
Published: October 2012

The new silicon reagent (IV) is prepared by insertion of difluorocarbene into silyl cyanide.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Catalyzed Tandem Conjugated Borylation—Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Welle Alexandre , Cirriez Virginie , Riant Olivier
Published: October 2012

The title tandem borylation—aldol reaction can be carried out using a range of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and ketones in the presence of an air‐stable copper fluoride complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc‐Catalyzed Amide Cleavage and Esterification of β‐Hydroxyethylamides.
Authors: Kita Yusuke , Nishii Yuji , Higuchi Takafumi , Mashima Kazushi
Published: October 2012

The transformation of β‐hydroxyethylamides, e.g. (I), (IV) or (VI), into carboxylic esters (II), (V) and (VII), resp., is efficiently achieved in the presence of Zn catalyst using ethyl carbonate to capture the released ethanolamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Propargylamines Catalyzed by Copper(I)—Pyridine Bis‐(oxazoline) Complexes.
Authors: Bisai Alakesh , Singh Vinod K.
Published: October 2012

The one‐pot, three‐component title reaction is operationally very simple, completed in few hours, and can deliver a wide variety of propargylamines in up to 99% yield and up to 99% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Azidation of Carbonyl Compounds via Tosylhydrazone Intermediates Using Sodium Azide.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Tomas‐Gamasa Maria , Valdes Carlos
Published: October 2012

Aldehydes and ketones can be transformed into primary and secondary azides.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Selective Oxidation of Styrene Derivatives Using a Supported Iron Oxide Nanocatalyst in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Rajabi Fatemeh , Karimi Nafiseh , Saidi Mohammad Reza , Primo Ana , Varma Rajender S. , Luque Rafael
Published: October 2012

Ferric oxide nanoparticles supported on mesoporous aminopropyl silica efficiently catalyze the aqueous selective oxidation of activated aromatic alkenes under mild conditions using hydrogen peroxide as green oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II) Acetate‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Conversion of Aldehydes into Primary Amides Through a Beckmann‐Type Rearrangement.
Authors: Martinez‐Asencio Ana , Yus Miguel , Ramon Diego J.
Published: October 2012

A versatile and active catalyst is used in the mild and green title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Catalyzed C—H Functionalization of O‐Arylcarbamates: Selective ortho‐Bromination Using NBS.
Authors: John Alex , Nicholas Kenneth M.
Published: October 2012

The title reaction works well for electron‐poor carbamates (I) whereas an electron‐rich carbamate affords a mixture of para‐ and ortho‐brominated carbamates.
ChemInform Abstract: Immobilized Palladium on Surface‐Modified Fe3O4/SiO2 Nanoparticles: As a Magnetically Separable and Stable Recyclable High‐Performance Catalyst for Suzuki and Heck Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Du Qingwei , Zhang Wei , Ma Hao , Zheng Jia , Zhou Bo , Li Yiqun
Published: October 2012

The catalyst can be reused in at least six cycles without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Arene‐ or Heteroarenecarbonitriles with Aryl‐ or Heteroarylmanganese Reagents Through C—CN Bond Activation.
Authors: Liu Ning , Wang Zhong‐Xia
Published: October 2012

Both electron‐rich and electron‐deficient nitriles can be employed as electrophilic substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Addition of Imines to Terminal Alkynes Leading to N‐Alkylideneallylamines.
Authors: Fukumoto Yoshiya , Daijo Masato , Chatani Naoto
Published: October 2012

The use of ReBr(CO)5 as catalyst in the presented reaction forms no conventional propargylamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Enol Acetal Synthesis Through Carbenoid C—H Insertion into Tetrahydrofuran Catalyzed by CpRu Complexes.
Authors: Tortoreto Cecilia , Achard Thierry , Zeghida Walid , Austeri Martina , Guenee Laure , Lacour Jerome
Published: October 2012

The investigations indicate that C—O bond forming is kinetically preferred over C—C bond forming using the CpRu‐catalyst combination.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthetic Method for Benzofurans from 2‐(Cyanomethyl)phenyl Derivatives.
Authors: Kim Hee Jun , Seo Jai Woong , Lee Min Hyung , Shin Dong Seok , Kim Hyeong Baik , Cho Hyeongjin , Lee Byoung Se , Chi Dae Yoon
Published: October 2012

A convenient and mild in situ two‐step method for the synthesis of the title compounds is reported from easily preparable starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted 4,4′‐Biimidazoles.
Authors: Martorana Annamaria , Pace Andrea , Buscemi Silvestre , Piccionello Antonio Palumbo
Published: October 2012

The title compounds are potential sensors of heavy metal cations.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of 5,6‐Dihydro‐4H‐pyrrolo[3,4‐d]thiazole and Other Pyrrolidine‐Fused Aromatic Ring Systems via One‐Step Cyclization from Diols.
Authors: Yoshikawa Kenji , Nagata Tsutomu , Yoshino Toshiharu , Nakamoto Yumi , Haginoya Noriyasu , Muto Ryo , Mochizuki Akiyoshi , Kanno Hideyuki , Ohta Toshiharu
Published: October 2012

The desired 5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrrolo[3,4‐d]thiazole (VII) is readily prepared via a Mitsunobu reaction of diol (IV) with sulfonamide (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative γ‐Addition of Enals to Trifluoromethyl Ketones: Enantioselectivity Control via Lewis Acid/N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Cooperative Catalysis.
Authors: Mo Junming , Chen Xingkuan , Chi Yonggui Robin
Published: October 2012

For the first time Sc‐based Lewis‐acids have found to be effective in cooperative NHC catalysis for the enantioselective control in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Ring Expansion of Vinyl Oxetanes: Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyrans Using Chiral Counterion Catalysis.
Authors: Guo Boying , Schwarzwalder Gregg , Njardarson Jon T.
Published: October 2012

A variety of 2‐vinyloxetanes smoothly undergoes Cu‐catalyzed ring expansion to afford dihydropyran derivatives in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐quinolones. Part 202. Synthesis, Chemical and Biological Properties of 4‐Hydroxy‐6,7‐dimethoxy‐2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid Alkylamides.
Authors: Ukrainets I. V. , Bevz O. V. , Mospanova E. V. , Savchenkova L. V. , Yankovich S. I.
Published: October 2012

Title compounds of type (V)(16 examples) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Monolayer‐Protected Silver Nanoparticles: An Efficient and Versatile Reagent for the Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidine‐2‐(1H)‐ones (Thiones)
Authors: Sadeghi Bahareh , Zavar Salehe , Hassanabadi Alireza
Published: October 2012

via one‐pot three‐component condensation of various aromatic aldehydes, 1,3‐diketone, and urea/thiourea
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐{3‐[(4‐Methylcyclohex‐3‐enylcarbonyl)amino] ‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydroquinazolin‐2‐yl}propanoic Acid Anilides.
Authors: Zicane D. , Ravina I. , Tetere Z. , Rijkure I.
Published: October 2012

With the aim to discover new diuretic agents, the title anilides (VI) (9 examples) are synthesized via the mixed anhydride method.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2‐Dihydroquinolin‐2‐ylphosphonates and 1,2‐Dihydroisoquinolin‐1‐ylphosphonates via Three‐Component Reactions.
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Sarvary Afshin , Mousavi‐Faraz Sajjad , Ng Seik Weng
Published: October 2012

The title compounds (IV), (VI) are obtained in facile stereoselective three‐component reactions of quinoline or isoquinoline, acetylenedicarboxylates, and hydrogen phosphonates.
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalized Phosphanyl‐Phosphonic Acids as Unusual Complexing Units as Analogues of Fosmidomycin.
Authors: Montel Sonia , Midrier Camille , Volle Jean‐Noel , Braun Ralf , Haaf Klaus , Willms Lothar , Pirat Jean‐Luc , Virieux David
Published: October 2012

Starting from a 3‐phosphinoylpropylphosphonate such as (I), four types of title compounds are prepared in which the hydroxamic acid moiety of fosmidomycin is replaced by various phosphinic acid groups capable of forming five‐ to six‐membered chelating rings (14 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: A New 9,11‐Secosterol from the Soft Coral Sinularia granosa.
Authors: Huang Chiung‐Yao , Su Jui‐Hsin , Duh Chang‐Yih , Chen Bo‐Wei , Wen Zhi‐Hong , Kuo Yao‐Haur , Sheu Jyh‐Horng
Published: October 2012

The title compound (I) is shown to significantly inhibit the accumulation of the pro‐inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase protein and to effectively reduce the level of cyclooxygenase‐2 protein in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Prenylation at the Indole Ring Leads to a Significant Increase of Cytotoxicity of Tryptophan‐Containing Cyclic Dipeptides.
Authors: Wollinsky Beate , Ludwig Lena , Hamacher Alexandra , Yu Xia , Kassack Matthias U. , Li Shu‐Ming
Published: October 2012

Fourteen tryptophan‐containing cyclic dipeptides such as (I), including all four stereoisomers of cyclo‐Trp‐Pro and cyclo‐Trp‐Ala, are converted to their C‐2 regularly prenylated derivatives in the presence of the prenyltransferase FtmPT1.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorescent 2‐Styrylpyridazin‐3(2H)‐one Derivatives as Probes Targeting Amyloid‐Beta Plaques in Alzheimer′s Disease.
Authors: Park Yong Dae , Park Jeong Hoon , Hur Min Goo , Kim Sang Wook , Min Jung‐Joon , Park Seung‐Hwan , Yoo Yung Joon , Yoon Yong‐Jin , Yang Seung Dae
Published: October 2012

Styrylpyridazinone (I) has fluorescence characteristics appropriate for imaging Aβ aggregates.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium
Authors: Cotton Simon A.
Published: October 2012

Review: literature overview 2011; 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon Nanowires for Catalysts and Sensors
Authors: Liu Li , Shao Mingwang , Lee Shuit‐Tong
Published: October 2012

Review: 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in Heteroatom‐Containing Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves
Authors: Li Jiyang , Yu Jihong , Xu Ruren
Published: October 2012

Review: 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Alloys in Catalysis: Phase Separation and Surface Segregation Phenomena in Response to the Reactive Environment
Authors: Zafeiratos Spiros , Piccinin Simone , Teschner Detre
Published: October 2012

Review: 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Chemistry of Nanomaterials
Authors: Qiao Shi Zhang , Liu Jian , Lu Gao Qing
Published: October 2012

Review: 267 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Precipitation of Iron‐ and Fe‐Related Compounds
Authors: Khan F. A. , Baerner K.
Published: October 2012

Review: 15 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Moessbauer Experiments on Fe‐Based Oxides and Related Compounds
Authors: Yang C. P. , Baerner K.
Published: October 2012

Review: 26 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: gem‐Dibromocyclopropanes and Enzymatically Derived cis‐1,2‐Dihydrocatechols as Building Blocks in Alkaloid Synthesis
Authors: Banwell Martin G. , Gao Nadia , Ma Xinghua , Petit Laurent , White Lorenzo V. , Schwartz Brett D. , Willis Anthony C. , Cade Ian A.
Published: October 2012

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbodiimide‐Mediated Multicomponent Synthesis of Biologically Relevant Structures
Authors: Bellucci Maria Cristina , Volonterio Alessandro
Published: October 2012

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Oxidation Catalysis with Metal Complexes: from Bulk to Nano Recyclable Hybrid Catalysts
Authors: Freire Cristina , Pereira Clara , Rebelo Susana
Published: October 2012

Review: 196 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Free Radical Mediated Hydroxymethylation Using CO and HCHO
Authors: Kawamoto Takuji , Ryu Ilhyong
Published: October 2012

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Strategic Use of Supramolecular pKa Shifts to Enhance the Bioavailability of Drugs
Authors: Ghosh Indrajit , Nau Werner M.
Published: October 2012

Review: 137 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Studies of Crystals of Organic and Organoelement Compounds Using Modern Quantum Chemical Calculations Within the Framework of the Density Functional Theory
Authors: Korlyukov A. A. , Antipin M. Yu
Published: October 2012

Review: 223 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Aspects of the NMR Chemical Shift/Structure Correlation in the Structural Characterization of Polymers and Biopolymers
Authors: Ando Isao
Published: October 2012

Review: 108 refs.
Specifying subtypes in Safety Critical Java programs
Authors: Haddad Ghaith , Leavens Gary T.
Published: October 2012

Real‐time and safety‐critical code could benefit from the use of design patterns and frameworks that rely on subtyping and dynamic dispatch. However, modular reasoning about programs that use subtypes requires that each overriding method obeys the specifications of all methods that it overrides. For example, if method scale is specified in a supertype Vector2d to take at most 42 ns to execute, then an override of scale cannot take more than 42 ns to execute in any subtype, such as Vector3d. The problem is that subtype objects typically contain more information, such as the z coordinate in Vector3d, and thus their methods often require more time to execute than the methods they override. In this paper, we show how to specify timing constraints for subtypes in a way that both allows overriding subtype methods to have more time to execute and yet permits precise modular verification and checking of timing constraints. Our techniques allow object‐oriented coding and design patterns based on subtype polymorphism to be used in real‐time and safety‐critical software. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substituent Effects on Photosensitized Splitting of Thymine Cyclobutane Dimer by an Attached Indole
Authors: Tang Wenjian , Zhou Hongmei , Wang Jing , Pan Chunxiao , Shi Jingbo , Song Qinhua
Published: October 2012

In chromophore‐containing cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) model systems, solvent effects on the splitting efficiency may depend on the length of the linker, the molecular conformation, and the oxidation potential of the donor. To further explore the relationship between chromophore structure and splitting efficiency, we prepared a series of substituted indole–T<>T model compounds 2 a–2 g and measured their splitting quantum yields in various solvents. Two reverse solvent effects were observed: an increase in splitting efficiency in solvents of lower polarity for models 2 a–2 d with an electron‐donating group (EDG), and vice versa for models 2 e–2 g with an electron‐withdrawing group (EWG). According to the Hammett equation, the negative value of the slope of the Hammett plot indicates that the indole moiety during the T<>T‐splitting reaction loses negative charge, and the larger negative value implies that the repair reaction is more sensitive to substituent effects in low‐polarity solvents. The EDGs of the models 2 a–2 d can delocalize the charge‐separated state, and low‐polarity solvents make it more stable, which leads to higher splitting efficiency in low‐polarity solvents. Conversely, the EWGs of models 2 e–2 g favor destabilization of the charge‐separated state, and high‐polarity solvents decrease the destabilization and hence lead to more efficient splitting in high‐polarity solvents.