bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy and vitrectomy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema occurring against the background of the vitreoretinal interface pathology
Authors: Boiko Ernest V. , Oskanov Dzhambulat H. , Sosnovskii Sergei V.
Published: March 2021

Background. Diabetic macular edema is a specific complication of diabetes. Antiangiogenic therapy is an effective treatment for diabetic macular edema. Another manifestation of diabetic retinal damage is a change in the vitreoretinal interface. There is evidence of the effectiveness of vitrectomy in the treatment of other ophthalmic diseases with pathology of vitreoretinal interface.
Purpose. Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy and vitrectomy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema occurring against the background of the vitreoretinal interface pathology.
Materials and methods. The study involved 60 patients (60 eyes) with diabetic macular edema accompanied by vitreoretinal interface pathology. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 30 eyes, which received antiangiogenic therapy with intravitreal injections of ranibizumab; group 2 30 eyes, on which vitrectomy was performed with removal of the internal limiting membrane. The observation period was 12 months.
Results. In group 1, a significant increase in visual acuity was obtained 1 month after the intravitreal injections. During the observation and performing, if necessary, intravitreal injections, visual acuity decreased and by 12 months did not statistically differ from the initial one. In group 2, there was a gradual reliable increase in the visual acuity.
A decrease in retinal thickness in the second group was significantly greater by the end of the study.
The average number of intravitreal injections required during the observation in the first group was significantly greater than in the second group.
Conclusions. In the patients with diabetic macular edema against the background of pathology of the vitreoretinal interface, vitrectomy led to a significant increase in visual acuity by 12 months of observation, in contrast to the patients receiving antiangiogenic therapy only. In the patients with diabetic macular edema and pathology of the vitreoretinal interface, complex treatment (antiangiogenic therapy + vitrectomy) led to a significant decrease in the thickness of the retina and the number of injections of angiogenesis inhibitors.
Modern aspects of surgical treatment of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction
Authors: Sigua Badri V. , Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav P. , Petrov Sergey V. , Qalandarova Diyora H.
Published: March 2021

Despite the ongoing preventive measures aimed at reducing the formation of adhesions in the abdominal cavity with an increase in the number of surgical interventions on the abdominal organs, the number of patients admitted to surgical hospitals with adhesions of the small intestine is also increasing. It should be noted that annually about 12% of previously operated patients undergo treatment in surgical departments while the exceptional fact is that 5070% are patients with acute adhesive ileus of the small intestine and the mortality rate in this group ranges from 13 to 55%. In recent years the literature has been actively discussing the advantages of minimally invasive technologies in the treatment of adhesive small bowel obstruction since the use of traditional methods often leads to the development of complications with repeated (in 60% of cases) surgical interventions. The purpose of this study was the development and implementation of an improved therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm in patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction which made it possible to improve the results of treatment. A comparative analysis of 338 patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction who were treated in the surgical departments of the St. Elizabeth Hospital in St. Petersburg in the period from 2016-2019 was carried out. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: the main (I) group (2018-2019), which consisted of 198 patients who received the improved diagnostic and treatment algorithm as well as the comparison group (II) (2016-2017) which included 140 cases these are patients examined according to the standard protocol and operated on in the traditional way. Moreover, in 98 cases, it was possible to resolve acute adhesive small intestinal obstruction in a conservative way, and 240 patients underwent surgical treatment. The developed diagnostic algorithm is based on the consistent application of the most informative diagnostic methods. At the same time the indications and the sequence of their application were established which ultimately made it possible to shorten the preoperative time interval as well as to determine the optimal treatment strategy with the choice of the type of surgical treatment (laparotomy or laparoscopy). The proposed treatment and diagnostic algorithm allowed to reduce the complication rate from 46.5% (53) to 22.2% (28) (р 0,001), and the mortality rate from 14.9% (17) to 3.9% (5) (p 0,01).
Results of the study of medical and social consequences of hearing impairment in children with disabilities from the position of the international classification of functioning
Authors: Goryainov Igor V. , Vladimirova Oksana N. , Bondarev Sergey A. , Goryainova Marina V.
Published: March 2021

Background. Hearing impairment in children has not only medical, but also social significance, since it significantly affects the communication processes and the development of the childs speech and can lead to social maladjustment to one degree or another. Aim: to study the functions and life of disabled children with hearing impairment from the perspective of the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health (ICF). Rehabilitation expert diagnostics and questioning of 181 children were carried out according to a specially developed methodology taking into account ICF domains and the WHO DASH questionnaire of the World Health Organization. As a result of the study, impairments of various functions of varying severity were revealed in children with disabilities, which determines the characteristics of medical and social rehabilitation of this category of patients. Conclusion. A detailed description of the factors affecting the disability of children with hearing impairments makes it possible to develop algorithms for rehabilitation and expert diagnostics and targeted medical and social rehabilitation for the development of a comprehensive rehabilitation system in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as standard rehabilitation programs in institutions that are direct executors of individual rehabilitation programs and habilitation of disabled children with hearing impairments.
Orthotics lower limbs in children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy: (literature review)
Authors: Dzhomardly Elnur I. , Koltsov Andrey A.
Published: March 2021

Background. Cerebral palsy (CP) is an important medical and social problem due to the high frequency of childhood disability and a significant prevalence of the disease. One of the features of cerebral palsy is the formation of secondary orthopedic complications, for the correction of which, along with surgery and botulinum therapy, technical rehabilitation devices and orthoses in particular are used.
Aim: To analyze world experience in orthotics in children with cerebral palsy. World literature review in open electronic databases PubMed and Elibrary for the last 30 years. The most of publications focuses on ankle-foot orthoses as the most commonly used in foreign clinical practice. A minimal number of papers cover the problem of orthopedic footwear, despite on its prevalence in Russia. There are no works analyzing the frequency characteristics of orthoses used, including the likelihood of their reuse and rejection. There is no unified, generally accepted terminology and classification of orthoses. We found no articles covering the effectiveness of combined use of several types of orthoses. To date, no clinical guidelines for orthotics in children with cerebral palsy have been developed; therefore, in many cases, orthoses are prescribed empirically.
Conclusion. Thus, further research of the role of orthotics in the medical rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy appears to be an urgent task.
Features of interhospital transportation of patients requiring prosthetics of vital functions (on the example of the federal research and clinical center of intensive care medicine and rehabilitology)
Authors: Laykovskaya Elena E. , Vladimirova Oksana N. , Afonina Kira P. , Zlokazov Andrei V. , Liubushkina Tatiana L.
Published: March 2021

Background. In the Sverdlovsk Region in 20172018, a pilot project was implemented to develop approaches to the formation of a comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation system for people with disabilities, including children with disabilities. To assess the starting positions of the regional system of rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled people, including disabled children, a SWOT analysis was carried out. Based on its results, platforms have been developed to solve the identified problems: conceptual, regulatory, resource, organizational and technological and digital (information and analytical). Aim: analysis of the results of the formation of a comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation system based on a comparison of the initial state of the system and its characteristics after transformation within the framework of a pilot project. The work used SWOT analysis. In assessing the results, the method of comparative analysis of the system before the implementation of the change and after the pilot project was used. The results of SWOT analysis of the system of rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled people in the Sverdlovsk region at the beginning of 2017 made it possible to objectify the state of systemic factors influencing the formation of a system of comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled people in the region, and to outline the directions of transformation. The final assessment of the system of comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled people in the Sverdlovsk region showed an increase in indicators from 7.1 to 8.9 points, which reflects a qualitative shift in the system - from the need to form a regional system (less than 7.2 points) in 2018 to the formation of a system and the need its improvement (from 7.2 to 13 points) in 2019, respectively. Conclusions. Significant positive results have been achieved not only in an increase in the number of organizations participating in the system, in the formation of human resources, but also in an innovative, technological and methodological breakthrough in all areas of rehabilitation, as well as in the formation and establishment of new mechanisms of interdepartmental interaction.
Standartization of medical and social rehabilitation services in perm region
Authors: Bronnikov Vladimir A. , Skliannaia Kseniia A. , Grigoreva Milana I.
Published: March 2021

Background. The process of rehabilitation services of disabled people in Russia began in 90s, when National standards (GOSTs) were developed on the basis of ISO international quality standards, however, the issue of the availability of standards is still relevant. The aim: development of approaches to the formation of a system of comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled people, including disabled children, in the Perm Region during the implementation of a pilot project in 20172018. Materials and methods. During the process of implementation in the Perm region in 20172018 a pilot project the group of experts had to implement the methodological materials of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation including standards of rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled children and adults. Two groups of disabled people of working age were selected for testing one is with motor disorders (n = 21) and other is with mental disorders (n = 25). Evaluation using standardized diagnostic scales was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the rehabilitation course, when each client filled out a client feedback questionnaire, and specialists a specialist feedback questionnaire. The duration of the rehabilitation course was 21 days. Results. Comparison of the results obtained with the data on the effectiveness of clients rehabilitation according to the existing rehabilitation programs showed the advantage of the developed standards, which was expressed by a significant improvement in the assessed indicators, as well as more accurate assessment of the rehabilitation results. Conclusions. The results of the standards development and implementation showed the possibility of creating medical and social services in rehabilitation that would make possible to put into practice the idea of a biopsychosocial model of rehabilitation through the use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health (ICF) as a methodology.
Effect of Friction Stir Process Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Al/Eggshell/SiC Composite Material
Authors: Islam Anas , Dwivedi Vijay K. , Dwivedi Shashi Prakash
Published: March 2021

The rise in pollution is a serious matter of concern for all nations. Industries are mainly responsible for damaging the balance of the cycle of pollution. In this paper, the mechanical properties of Aluminum have been enhanced by reinforcing it with eggshell wastes and SiC as reinforcement particles. Ball-milling technique has been applied for up to 75 hours for making the densities of Aluminum, Eggshell and SiC equal. The prime focus of this work is to improve the hardness value of Aluminium-based final composite material. Friction Stir Process (FSP) technique has been used to develop the composite and the driving parameters of FSP like rotational speed, transverse speed etc. are optimized with the help of the Box-Behnken Design approach. The optimized value of rotation speed was 966.14 rpm as well as transverse speed was 23.18 mm/min. Hardness and tensile strength of composite developed at an optimum combination of parameters were found to be 72.2 BHN and 194.48 MPa respectively. Results showed that tensile strength and hardness were enhanced by about 44.05% and 64.09% respectively.
Effect of Martensite Morphologies on Corrosion in 5% H2SO4 Solution of Borided X70 Dual Phase Steel
Authors: Hocine Tassi , Sami Zidelmel , Omar Allaoui
Published: March 2021

In the present investigation, some electrochemical properties of dual phase X70 steels with different martensite morphologies which have undergone boriding were studied. To obtain a variety of martensite morphologies, Direct Quenching (DQ), Intermediate Quenching (IQ) and Step Quenching (SQ) heat treatments were applied at an intercritical annealing temperature (IAT) of 760℃. The treatment (DQ) allowed the formation of fine martensite evenly distributed in the ferrite matrix. (IQ) treatment showed the formation of martensite along the ferrite / ferrite grain boundaries. In contrast, treatment (SQ) induced the formation of a banded morphology of martensite and ferrite. The realization of borides on X70 (DP) steel was carried out in a powder mixture containing 5% of B4C as source of boron, 5% of NaBF4 as activator and 90% of SiC as diluent at 950℃ for a period of time from 4 h. The corrosion behavior of X70 (DP) steel has been explored by the Tafel extrapolation method in a 5 wt. % H2SO4 solution. The corrosion resistance of steel which has undergone boriding (BDP) is higher than that of steel which has not undergone it (DP).
Modeling and Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Piston in Car Engines
Authors: Zhao Feifei
Published: March 2021

In this paper, finite-element analysis (FEA) is carried out on the temperature field and stress field of automobile engine piston, as well as the thermal-mechanical load coupling stress field. Through the analysis, the authors grasped the thermal load and combined stress distribution of the piston, and thus optimized the piston design to improve its operational reliability. Specifically, a 1/4 solid model of the piston was constructed in the three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) software Pro/ENGINEER, and then converted into a finite-element model in Pro/Mechanica. Then, an alternating load was imposed on the piston model, and fatigue analysis was performed to identify the parts of the piston prone to fatigue failure, and judge whether the piston structure satisfies working requirements. Next, temperature field analysis was carried out on the piston model. The distribution of the steady-state temperature field as determined by applying temperatures and heat transfer coefficients as required by the boundary conditions of the third kind. Finally, the piston model was subject to thermal-mechanical coupling analysis. The stress and deformation distributions of the piston under the coupled stress field were ascertained under the boundary conditions of temperature field distribution and mechanical load. Through the above work, the authors obtained the basis for safety evaluation of piston, laying the foundation for further reducing the thermal load and optimizing the stress distribution of piston.
Ética del cuidado y atención pública en salud mental: un estudio de caso en Barcelona
Authors: Martínez Flores Jaume , Pujal i Llombart Margot , Mora Enrico
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar, desde la perspectiva de género, los servicios de atención pública en salud mental en la ciudad de Barcelona, a través de un estudio de caso: el servicio de salud mental de personas adultas en el contexto de la última reforma en salud mental de orientación comunitaria y transdisciplinaria. Desde un abordaje cualitativo, estudiamos los diferentes discursos que las y los profesionales en salud mental elaboran sobre cómo abordan la relación terapéutica entre profesional y persona usuaria y, de forma específica, la vulnerabilidad y las propuestas de respuesta. Entre noviembre de 2018 y abril de 2019, se realizaron tres grupos de discusión con profesionales y un grupo conformado por mujeres usuarias. Sobre los datos obtenidos se realizó análisis de contenido categorial. Los resultados muestran una tendencia a entender y abordar la vulnerabilidad desde la ética del cuidado a partir de un modelo de atención comunitaria, que diferencia los discursos entre los hombres y las mujeres que han participado en la investigación. Concluimos que el modelo comunitario, al basarse en la interdependencia, promueve la recuperación de la ciudadanía de las personas usuarias, contraponiéndose al modelo hospitalario.
Dismissing Attachment and Affective Commitment: The Mediating Effect of Workplace Relationships Quality and the Role of Mindfulness
Authors: Erebak Serkan
Published: March 2021

The behaviors, relationships, and performance of individuals in the organization are affected to various degrees according to the style of the individual. In this study, whether workplace relationships have a mediating effect on the relationship between dismissing style, secure style, and affective commitment; also whether mindfulness has a moderation effect between these styles and workplace relationships were examined. Employees from various sectors responded to an online survey. Data were analyzed with the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and PROCESS macro. The results supported the mediating effect of workplace relationships between dismissing style and affective commitment, and mindfulness had a moderation effect between this style and workplace relationships. In the context of the secure attachment style, only the relationship with the supervisor was found to have a mediating effect. It has been predicted that affective commitment of employees with a dismissing style may be improved through interventions such as mindfulness.
ÇALIŞMA YETERLİLİĞİ KAVRAMI: KURAMSAL TEMELLER VE ÖLÇÜM YÖNTEMİ
Authors: Develi Alptekin , Çavuş Mustafa Fedai
Published: March 2021

İş yaşamı bağlamında bireyleri, grupları ve örgütleri ilgilendiren her bir hususun dikkate alınması, hem çalışanlara ve yöneticilere yol göstermek hem de bilimsel birikime katkı sağlamak açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlam içerisinde, çalışanların fizyolojik, psikolojik ve zihinsel sağlıklarının yaptıkları işin gereklerini yerine getirmeye uygunluk düzeyi iş yaşamını etkileyen önemli bir durumdur. Bu durum çalışma yeterliliği olarak kavramsallaştırılmış ve uluslararası yazında önemli ölçüde yer edinmiştir. Ancak, ulusal yazın bu konuda oldukça kısıtlı kalmıştır. Bu sebeple, bu araştırma ile çalışma yeterliliği kavramının içeriği ulusal yazına aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, çalışma yeterliliği kavramının kuramsal temelleri açıklanmıştır. Diğer yandan, çalışma yeterliliğinin ölçülmesini sağlayan ve sosyal bilimler alanında sıklıkla kullanılan ölçüm türlerine ve ölçüm düzeylerine göre farklı özelliklere sahip olan çalışma yeterliliği endeksi ile ilgili kuramsal bilgiler ve yöntem bilimsel özellikler açıklanmıştır. Son olarak, iş yaşamına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuş ve gelecekte çalışma yeterliliği endeksi ile yapılacak araştırmalar için teknik detaylar ve model önerileri sunulmuştur.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL PROGRAMS FOR THE REPAIR OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS
Authors: Shpinev Iu. S.
Published: March 2021

In this article, the author analyzes the implementation of regional programs for major repairs of the common property of apartment buildings, taking into account the need to solve the problems of modernization of the housing stock, including improving its energy efficiency.
Social Experiments on Problems from Tomato Farmers during Covid-19 -Indonesia Case
Authors: Yijo Syaharuddin , Asnawati Asnawati , Darma Surya , Noorlitaria Achmad Gusti , Putra Arizandi M. Alvianto , Hidayati Tetra , Darma Dio Caisar
Published: March 2021

The challenge of Gapoktan tomato still depends on the infrastructure and it is approved by the network built by the government. The focus of the study is to find answers from tomato farmers about water and electricity infrastructure problems during the Covid-19 pandemic. We use social-based qualitative consultations with farmers who are members of Gapoktan tomatoes in Indonesia. Samples from this studio totaled 72 units of informants consisting of 12 questions. The question items are grouped into 2 indicators (social and economic). The conclusion of the study was revealed if answering informants was indeed very varied. At present, there has not been a significant problem with the two indicators discussed in the estimation of water and electricity infrastructure. Therefore, the electricity and water supply in the agricultural area is minimal; bias can lead to new problems such as social conflicts and income from farmers decreased due to Covid-19. This survey can be a reference and consideration for various parties related to the management of tomato cultivation in Indonesia.
Application of Authority Delegation to Improve Employee Performance in Family Companies of UD Sahabat
Authors: Chanif Ahmad , Melinda Tina
Published: March 2021

Authority delegation is a process where managers allocate their authority to the subordinates who do the report for them. Authority delegation is a process of work distribution of company associates, so that they could work in accordance with their duties and be able to do the tasks effectively and efficiently. Authority delegation is executed as an effort to improve the performance of employees of a family company, UD Sahabat. The purpose of this study was to analyse the application of authority delegation in the company. This study used qualitative methods with descriptive techniques by collecting data through semi-structured interviews using the triangulation method of data sources. The participants in this study were four informants, which included company owners, company employees, professionals and HR experts. The results show that the company has 2 ways to apply delegation to its employees. First, directly: the owner of the company gives verbal authority and then instructs to immediately implement it and if there are some things that are not understood, the employee asks the company owner. Employees said that when they first worked for the company, they were only told to serve the buyers well; no special delegation was given. Second, indirectly: the delegation is given in writing and is usually applied to employees of the delivery of goods.
Keywords: authority delegation, family company, employee performance
Analysis of the Attributes That Affect the Preference of Consumers Towards Hajj and Umrah Offline Store in Bontang City
Authors: Yulanda Nur Khabiba , Herdinata Christian
Published: March 2021

The fashion business has vastly grown and has created a high demand for some consumers in Bontang. The increased number of fashion stores has also changed some business strategies applied by B&B Collection store. One of the strategies is market development by opening a new store of Hajj and Umrah products that could create positive retribution to some of the new competitors. This is a great opportunity instead of opening clothing branch stores only. This study examined consumers’ preferences towards attributes of the Hajj and Umrah store in Bontang. The study conducted a quantitative-descriptive analysis of conjoint analysis. Previous studies and surveys stated that there are four attributes of Hajj and Umrah stores, which are customer service, the store’s facility, the store’s atmosphere, and its lighting mode. Each attribute has two levels and sixteen stimuli which were analyzed by SPSS 24. There were 100 respondents out of 177,722 people in Bontang City. Purposive sampling was applied. The consumers prefered full costumer service and a coffee shop with a developed assortment display. In addition, general lighting was highly preferred. The most critical attribute was customer service, followed by the store facility, the store atmosphere, and the lighting mode.
Keywords: offline store attributes, consumers preference, conjoint analysis, Hajj and Umroh product
Conjoint Analysis for Consumer Preferences Towards Buying Plaster Sheets
Authors: Widodo Ali Bekti , Antonio Tony
Published: March 2021

In buying a product, consumers usually decide to purchase through certain stages and consumers understand their needs. Consumers also get stimuli from other people’s opinions including for problem identification, information seeking, evaluation, and decision-making activities. This study aimed to analyze the attributes that affect consumer preferences in buying plaster sheet products of CV Anugrah Jaya Sentosa. The questions studied in this research were: What are the attributes that affect consumer preferences in buying plaster sheet products? What are the most critical attributes for consumers of CV Anugrah Jaya Sentosa plaster sheet products? The most important attribute was a product thickness of 12 mm with a special quality, then a layer of purchase of goods only and a layer of paint + stain that simplifies the work for finishing and produces maximum results.
Keywords: ceiling products, quality, coating, thickness, purchase
The Effect of Promotion Mix on the Purchasing Decisions of Kaluna Living Pillows with Brand Awareness as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Astary Yustika , Kodrat David Sukardi
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the promotion mix on the decision to purchase Kaluna Living pillows with brand awareness as an intervening variable. The sample in this study was 96 Kaluna Living consumers, where the non-probability technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The independent variable was the promotion mix, while the dependent variables were brand awareness and purchasing decisions. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (SEM) with partial least square (PLS) path analysis using the Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results showed that the promotion mix had a positive and significant effect on brand awareness; brand awareness had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions; the promotion mix had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions; and brand awareness was able to mediate part of the influence of the promotion mix on the purchasing decisions with a VAF value of 30.3%.
Keywords: promotion mix, brand awareness, purchase decisions, accessories home, creative industries
The Effect of Marketing on Consumer Loyalty to the Cosmetic Business Beautyessence with Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Kurniawati Syela , Kodrat David Sukardi
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the influence of marketing mix on consumer loyalty to the cosmetic business Beautyessence with consumer satisfaction as an intervening variable. The variables examined were the marketing mix (X), consumer satisfaction (Y1) and consumer loyalty (Y2). The indicators used for the marketing mix were the product, price, place and promotion. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The sample of 97 respondents were Beautyessence consumers who had made purchases a minimum of 2 times; they were recruited using simple random sampling. The marketing mix had a significant positive effect on consumer satisfaction and consumer loyalty; consumer satisfaction had a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty; and marketing mix had a significant effect on consumer loyalty with consumer satisfaction as an intervening variable with a mediation effect of 30.7%.
Keywords: marketing mix, consumer satisfaction, consumer loyalty, SEM
Entrepreneurial Intentions: Theory of Planned Behavior Perspectives
Authors: Simatupang Rintar Agus , Bajari Makarius
Published: March 2021

Rooted in this study are the important principles of enterprise and entrepreneurship, which raise important questions about how entrepreneurship education should be positioned institutionally. These questions address theoretical and philosophical challenges, strategic choices and institutional capacities. One of the programs of the Directorate General of Higher Education (DIKTI) of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, which is aimed at all state universities and several selected private universities, is the independent entrepreneurship program. This has been implemented in higher education to foster the entrepreneurial spirit and culture of Indonesian students. Participants in this study were students who had attended entrepreneurship training or were taking entrepreneurship courses at the Papua University Campus and at Dian Nuswantoro University, Semarang. The sampling method in this study was non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The data collection was carried out by a survey. The data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study showed that the instrumentation readiness variable had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions, while the need for achievement and self-efficacy variables had no effect.
Keywords: need for achievement, self-efficacy, instrumental readiness, entrepreneurial intentions
Competitiveness of Creative Industries of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs of Handicraft Products
Authors: Rodhiah . , Hidayah Nur
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to design an implementation strategy for evaluating the competitive advantage assessment of the APP model (asset/performance, potential, and process) in creative industries in the South Tangerang area of Indonesia. There were 20 respondents of small and medium industries who have handicraft businesses, such as batik, plait, accessories, midrib, and others. Participants were recruited by purposive sampling. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and focus group discussions. This research was qualitative in nature, and data were analyzed to assess competitive advantage based on the 3 P’s (potential, process, and performance). The research results can be used to develop the creative industry of the handicraft sector in South Tangerang, to increase the competitive advantage, preserve business activity and develop regional creative industrial centers in the potential handicraft sector.
Keywords: creative industry in the handicraft sector, small and medium industry, potential excellence, performance process
Financial Distress Analysis in an Indonesian Textile Company
Authors: Ramadhan Yanuar , Marindah Marindah
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to examine the health of textile companies by using the Altman Z-Score method. The Altman model is used to determine the effect on financial distress through Working Capital to Total Asset (WCTA), Retained Earning to Total Asset (RETA), Earning Before Interest and Tax to Total Asset (EBITA), Market Value of Equity to Book Value of Liabilities (MVEBL) and Sales to Total Asset (STA). The population in this study was textile companies for the period 2016-2019. The sample was 14 textile companies with a research time of 4 years resulting in 56 samples obtained by purposive sampling. The results indicated that WCTA, RETA, EBITA, MVEBL and STA had a simultaneous effect on financial distress, but they had no effect separately.
Keywords: Altman Z-Score, financial distress, bankruptcy
The Effect of Return on Asset, Debt to Equity Ratio and Company Size on Company Value in Manufacturing Companies in the Food and Beverage Sub-Sector on the IDX for 2014-2018
Authors: Hendrani Ai , Septyanto Dihin
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the factors of return on asset (RoA), debt-to-equity ratio (DER) and company size have an influence on company value as proxied by PBV (price to book value). The population in this study was food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2014-2018. This study included eight companies with a total of 32 data points, and selection was carried out by applying the purposive sampling method. The return on asset, debt to equity ratio and company size simultaneously affected company value, while the return on asset variable individually had a positive and significant effect on company value and the debt-to-equity ratio variable did not. This means that investors usually preferred a low debt-to-equity ratio because their interests are better protected in the event of a business downturn. The company size variable also did not have a significant effect, which means that company size is not a factor that investors consider in investments.
Keywords: signal theory, trade-off theory, return on assets, debt to equity ratio, company size, company value
Tendencies of the Regulation of the Conflict of Interests Institution as an Instrument of Control over Loyalty of Political Elites and the Mechanism Guaranteeing the Trust of the Society in Government in Some Countries of the Former USSR
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) PhD (Law), Starostina Inga A.
Published: March 2021

The article is dedicated to the modern practices of the legal regulation of the conflict of interests institution ensuring the trust of the society in the public government in some countries of the former USSR within the framework of the 2020 multi-vector constitutional reform in Russia. A comparative analysis is used to single out peculiarities of the statutory and doctrinal approaches in ensuring loyalty of political elites and the mechanism ensuring mutual public-state trust in the countries of the former USSR.
Land as the Basis of Life and Activities of Peoples Living in the Corresponding Territories in Judgments of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Law Faculty of the Saratov State University PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Averyanova Natalya N.
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the legal positions of the constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, in which the constitutional provision on land as the basis of life and activity of peoples living in the respective territories is reflected as an argument justifying the position of the constitutional judicial control body. It is concluded that the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation puts a different constitutional and legal meaning in the specified norm within its interpretation, depending on the nature of the dispute. The conclusions made, in particular, allow us to trace the trends in the human rights activities of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the field of land rights protection.
The Establishment of the Supervisory Government in China
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service PhD (Law), LL.M., Alekseenko Aleksandr P.
Published: March 2021

This paper examines amendments to the Chinese Constitution made in 2018, concerns the establishment of supervisory commissions. The Supervision Law of the PRC which develops Constitutional provisions is also studied. The author analyzes legal status of the State Supervision Commission and local supervision bodies. There is made a conclusion that abovementioned bodies have broad powers in the field of extra-judicial struggle against corruption. Moreover, it is argued that supervision bodies are not under control of administrative and judicial bodies of the PRC, and that they are responsible to the people’s congress only. Despite of the fact of supervision bodies’ independence they are welded with Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. Therefore, these bodies give the Chinese Communists Party additional tools of influence on Chinese society.
Issues of the Administrative Law Regulation of Police Operations at Crime and Administrative Offense Scene
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Administrative Law of the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Tyukalova Nadezhda M. , Kulakov Nikolay A. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative Activities of Internal Affairs Agencies of the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia PhD (Law)
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to separate problems of legislative regulation of public order protection and public safety, combating crime, implemented by police officers. The main result of the study reflected in the article is the development of proposals to the current legislation regulating the activities of police officers to suppress and document violations of public order, as well as actions at the crime scene. The targeted changes to the current administrative legislation proposed under this article seem to improve the quality of police administrative activities at the scene of the incident when signs of administrative offences and offences are identified.
Raising of the Customs Administration Quality: A Legal Aspect
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Customs, Administrative and Financial Law of the Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky PhD (Law), Milshina Irina V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of some administrative and legal tools that can improve the quality of customs administration. The following issues are considered: electronic Declaration; automation of decisions made by customs authorities; introduction of advanced technologies and development of interdepartmental interaction.
Impeccable and Effective Civil Service: From the Merits Model to the Professional Ethics Standard
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Administrative and Administrative Procedure Law of the Voronezh State University, Titova Ekaterina A.
Published: March 2021

The problem of the legal formulation and notional content of an impeccable and effective civil service as one of the grounds of applying the measures of encouragement to civil servants is considered in the article. Evaluative character of this category creates the significant difficulties in implementation of encouraging rules of legislation about the state civil service. An impeccable and effective civil service is proposed to be considered as the ethical and professional standard of the civil service, including certain criteria for its impeccability and efficiency. The need to conduct research in this direction is due to the need for law enforcement practice to develop uniform criteria for qualifying service merit with a view to their subsequent application through the implementation of the appropriate procedure within the framework of encouraging production in the system of the civil service.
Requirements of a Law-Governed State as a Due Basis for the Establishment of the Russian Administrative Law Paradigm
Authors:   Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Head of the Department of Administrative and Administrative Procedure Law Dean of the Law Faculty of the Voronezh State University LL.D., Professor, Starilov Yuriy N.
Published: March 2021

The article takes a brief excursion into the scientific topics of administrative and legal issues, deeply researched by LL.D, Professor Alexander Borisovich Zelentsov. These include the development of administrative and administrative procedural law, the interaction of public administration and administrative justice, and the relationship between administrative proceedings and judicial administrative law. The new views of the scientist on the trends in limiting the subject of administrative law are considered, as well as his merits in putting forward ideas, setting tasks and setting priorities for the modernization of many elements of the system of administrative legal regulation are noted. The article analyzes the theoretical validity and practical usefulness of many of A.B. Zelentsov’s opinions concerning the improvement of the system and structure of judicial administrative law.
Discussion Issues of the Administrative Relationship Theory
Authors:   Judge of the Second Commercial Court of Appeal LL.D., Professor, Kononov Pavel I.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the problems of the theory of administrative and legal relations. Based on a critical analysis of the main characteristics and features of administrative relations identified in the Russian science of administrative law, the author substantiates his own approach to understanding the essence and structure of these relations. Special attention is paid to such controversial issues as the mandatory participation in all administrative legal relations of public entities and their qualification as managerial and power.
Confronting Power, Money, and Most Economists
Authors: Cohen Marjorie
Published: March 2021

The Canadian anti-free trade movement was a genuine ‘movement’ that originated locally in many different places throughout the country and was soon consolidated in a loose coalition at the national level. It was extraordinary for several reasons.  First, it brought together a large number of groups that had never worked with each other before and their coalitions were strong and effective.   Second, it was a movement based on class issues and was understood that way by its leaders and most of those who participated in it.  Third, it democratized thinking and knowledge about economic policy, and this, in turn, meant that many groups and issues that were normally absent from a discussion of macro-economic policy, became central to the debate.   Fourth, the anti-free trade movement grew in relation to the specific issues of regions and groups but the critical arguments that developed over time focused on the problems of having market mechanisms dominate both the economic and social spheres. This scrutiny and discussion of the market system itself has not been replicated in debates on any subsequent major policy issue.
Od teorii systemów do teorii złożoności – o różnorodności metod zarządzania organizacjami
Authors: Zalewska-Turzyńska Magdalena
Published: March 2021

Praktyka zarządzania jest podatna na mody z powodu chęci i potrzeb ciągłego doskonalenia się i utrzymania przewagi konkurencyjnej. Takie podejście pociąga za sobą nieustanne pragnienie innowacji, a teoria złożoności stała się obecnie jednym z najnowszych trendów w zarządzaniu. Zarówno teoria systemów, jak i teoria złożoności nie wyrosły na gruncie nauk o zarządzaniu, ale są z powodzeniem stosowane w rozważaniach teoretycznych i praktyce zarządzania organizacjami. W niniejszym opracowaniu podjęto próbę uzasadnienia tezy, że w obszarze metod zarządzania organizacjami teoria złożoności jest konsekwencją teorii systemów. Celem opracowania jest analiza tych metod zarządzania (w ujęciu ewolucyjnym), które wyrosły na gruncie teorii systemów i teorii złożoności, a były i nadal pozostają w arsenale menedżerów.
Monitoring plant genetic resources for food and agriculture
Authors:   Bioversity International, Italy, Dulloo M. Ehsan , Bissessur Prishnee ,   Bioversity International, Mauritius, Rana Jai ,   Bioversity International, India
Published: March 2021

This chapter reviews the methodologies developed to assess the extent of diversity of PGRFA at species, variety, and genetic level and examines the efforts made at global level in monitoring them at different scales. Efforts have been made to halt the loss of biodiversity (including genetic diversity) by United Nations Organizations (FAO, UNEP, UN) at setting of global targets (second Global Plan of Action on conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, Aichi Targets and Sustainable Development Goals) and indicators have been established to monitor progress towards them. Yet none of the targets on genetic diversity have been achieved, due to a lack of implementable monitoring system that would allow progress to be accurately monitored. Further research is needed to improve the methodologies for monitoring plant genetic resources, particularly at the varietal and genetic level. The chapter discusses the opportunities and challenges as well as provides recommendations for future conservation and monitoring strategies that may safeguard PGRFA for posterity.
Key steps in conservation and use of plant genetic resources: an overview
Authors:   University of Birmingham, UK, Maxted Nigel , Brehm Joana Magos ,   University of Birmingham, UK
Published: March 2021

This chapter reviews the key steps in conservation and the use of plant genetic diversity. It begins by providing an example of a model which includes a series of steps starting with the full range of genetic diversity for all the target plant taxa, through the prioritisation of target taxa, the planning and the implementation of conservation action, leading through characterisation and evaluation, and utilisation in the development of novel crop varieties by farmers and/or breeders. The chapter then goes on to discuss conservation planning which is then followed by a review of the different strategies and techniques that are used in conservation. A section on the link between conservation and utilization is also included, before providing a conclusion that emphasises the importance of maintaining the current wealth of natural plant diversity.
Techniques and key issues in collecting crop wild relatives
Authors:   Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, Way Michael
Published: March 2021

The genetic diversity found in populations of crop wild relatives is an essential resource for future crop breeding, but populations are at risk of loss before germplasm has been fully conserved in genebanks. This chapter describes best practice for targeting and identifying species, and review knowledge about the variation in wild plant populations to guide the timing of collecting and approaches for genetic sampling. Indicators are presented for seed quality, ripeness and dispersal. Techniques for collection of seed, herbarium vouchers and associated data are reviewed with examples drawn from the Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change (Crop Wild Relative) project. Further research is needed to find optimal approaches for handling of seed to ensure high longevity of seed collections, and improved tools are needed to guide sampling of genetic diversity of crop wild relatives.