bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN KARBON AKTIF DAN ZEOLIT TAK TERAKTIVASI DALAM ALAT PENYARING AIR LIMBAH LAUNDRY
Authors: Apriyani Nani , Novrianti Novrianti
Published: April 2020

Peningkatan jumlah jasa laundry sebanding dengan limbah yang dihasilkan yang biasanya dibuang langsung ke lingkungan tanpa adanya pengolahan. Limbah  laundry  mengandung  surfaktan  dalam  jumlah besar, yaitu jenis surfaktan anionik Alkyl  Benzene Sulfonates  (ABS)  dan  Linear  Alkyl  Benzene Sulfonates (LAS), yang merupakan senyawa kimia yang berpotensi bahaya bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan sehingga perlu upaya untuk pengolahan limbah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efisiensi alat penyaring limbah laundry dengan prinsip absorbsi dan filtrasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen dengan 3 perlakuan pada alat penyaring yaitu menggunakan (1) karbon aktif, (2) zeolit dan (3) kombinasi karbon aktif-zeolit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan alat penyaring dengan karbon tak teraktivasi dapat meningkatkan Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) dan kadar surfaktan, sedangkan alat penyaring dengan zeolit tak teraktivasi dapat menurunkan TDS namun meningkatkan kadar surfaktan sampai 8 kali lipat. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan fakta bahwa penggunaan karbon aktif dan zeolit tak teraktivasi justru berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Sehingga untuk tujuan pengendalian pencemaran lingkungan, perlu dilakukan aktivasi terlebih dahulu terhadap karbon aktif dan zeolit sebelum diaplikasikan pada alat penyaring. Kata kunci: alat penyaring, karbon aktif, limbah laundry, surfaktan, zeolite. The increasing number of laundry services is directly proportional to the amount of waste produced which is usually discharged directly into the environment without any processing. Laundry wastes contain large amounts of surfactants, namely anionic surfactants Alkyl Benzene Sulfonates (ABS) and Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonates (LAS), which are chemical compounds that are potentially dangerous to health and the environment so efforts are needed to treat these wastes. This study aims to determine the efficiency of laundry waste filter equipment with the principle of absorption and filtration. The study was conducted with an experimental method with 3 treatments on filter devices using (1) activated carbon, (2) zeolite and (3) combination of activated carbon-zeolite. The results showed that the use of a filter device with activated carbon can increase Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and surfactant levels, while the filtering device with zeolite not activated can reduce TDS but increase surfactant levels up to 8 times. The results of the study revealed the fact that the use of activated carbon and zeolites not activated actually has the potential to pollute the environment. So for the purpose of controlling environmental pollution, it is necessary to first activate the activated carbon and zeolite before it is applied to the filter.Keywords: activated carbon, filtering, laundry waste, surfactant, zeolite.
EFISIENSI SISTEM LAHAN BASAH BUATAN ALIRAN PERMUKAAN DENGAN VARIASI DEBIT DALAM MENYISIHKAN MANGAN PADA AIR ASAM TAMBANG
Authors: Prihatini Nopi Stiyati , Abdi Chairul , Pratama Yudha Ajie , Noor Ihsan
Published: April 2020

Terbentuknya air asam tambang  (AAT) merupakan salah satu dampak dari adanya aktifitas pertambangan. Air asam tambang memiliki ciri pH asam berkisar antara 3-5, warna air kuning kemerahan, dengan konsentrasi besi (Fe) dan mangan (Mn) yang tinggi. Penyisihan Mn menjadi tantangan tersendiri karena mangan hanya dapat disisihkan jika konsentrasi Fe AAT kurang dari 5 mg/L. Teknologi yang kini dikembangkan untuk menyisihkan Mn air asam tambang adalah sistem lahan basah buatan (LBB). Kinerja LBB dipengaruhi oleh debit AAT. Untuk mengetahui efesiensi penyisihan mangan (Mn) dan nilai pH pada LBB, maka pada penelitian ini digunakan Lahan Basah Buatan Aliran Permukaan (LBB-AP) berdimensi 150cm x 50 cm x 75 cm beraliran kontinyu dengan variasi debit. Pada penelitian ini akan divariasi debit AAT yaitu D0 7,1 mL/menit; D1 8,8 mL/meni; D2 10,5 mL/menit, dan D3 12,2 mL/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan pH terbaik pada D0 7,1 mL/menit periode ke 4 dengan nilai pH 4,3. Kemampuan penyisihan Mn terbaik pada LBB D0 7,1 mL/menit periode ke 1 sebesar 3,3 mg/L dengan efisiensi sebesar 62%. Kata Kunci : air asam tambang, lahan basah buatan aliran permukaan, mangan, variasi debit. The formation of acid mine drainage (AAT) is one of the impacts of mining activities. Acid mine water has a characteristic low water pH ranging from 3-5, the color of reddish-yellow water, and has high concentrations of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). Mn removal is a challenge because manganese can only be removed if the concentration of Fe AAT is less than 5 mg / L. One of the technologies that can be used to remove Mn from acid mine drainage is the constructed wetland system (CW). CW performance is influenced by AAT debits. To determine the efficiency of removal of manganese (Mn) and the pH value in CW, then in this study used Surface Flow Constructed Wetland (SFCW) with dimensions of 150cm x 50 cm x 75 cm with the continuous flow with variations in debit. In this study, AAT debit will be varied, namely D0 7.1 mL / min; D1 8.8 mL / min; D2 10.5 mL / min, and D3 12.2 mL / min. The results showed the best pH increase at CW D0 7.1 mL/min for the 4th period with a pH value of 4.3. The best Mn removal ability at CW D0 7.1 mL/min in the first period was 3.3 mg / L with an efficiency of 62%. Keywords: Acid mine drainage, Debit variation, Manganese, Surface flow Constructed Wetland.
Exploring Implementers’ Experiences with Change Related to the Implementation and Sustainability of the Capitation Grant Policy in Ghana: A Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Obeng Raymond
Published: April 2020

This narrative study, informed by Fullan’s (2001) change theory, explored implementers’ experiences with change related to the implementation and sustainability of the capitation grant policy in Ghana. The study focused on seven change agents who in this circumstance were part of the implementers of the policy working in the Kwahu west municipality in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Nine study conclusions emerged from the study. First, the abolition of the school fees alleviated the burden on poor parents. Second, the capitation grant constitutes the Ghana government’s grand agenda of making education easily accessible to all Ghanaian children of school-going age at the basic school level. Third, the capitation grant policy is a strategy that helps to attract children to go to school at the basic level. Fourth, the policy is needful in the municipality because it helps to increase access to education for brilliant but needy pupils. Fifth, the stakeholders of the policy have embraced the policy and its full implementation satisfactorily well. Sixth, the policy has shaped implementers’ thinking about the great influence the government can make in bringing education close to the doorstep of every Ghanaian child of school-going age. Seventh, information sharing among the implementers is important, and they do so by utilizing different means and tools. Eighth, while some implementers described their experiences with their co-implementers as satisfactory, others described it as an eye-opening experience. Finally, the study indicated that it is very worrying when grants are delayed since it’s mainly used to run the school. This study concluded with suggestions for further research and implications for theory and practice.
Cardiomyopathy with Restrictive-Hypertrophic Phenotype and Initial Morphological Diagnosis “Amyloidosis” as a Manifestation of Danon Disease in a Woman
Authors: Blagova O. V. , Kogan E. A. , Sedov V. P. , Lutokhina Yu. A. , Nedostup A. V. , Ott A. V. , Dashinemaeva L. M. , Zaklyazminskaya E. V.
Published: April 2020

Aim. To analyze the difficulties of diagnosis and the clinical features of the Danon disease in women.

Results. An observation of Danon disease in a woman aged 18 years with an uncomplicated family history is presented. The early development of atrial fibrillation (at the age of not more than 15 years) in combination with atrioventricular blockade against the background of regular sports was not attracted due attention for 3 years. The examination revealed: a moderate degree of left ventricular hypertrophy (up to 17 mm), its diffuse nature and simultaneous involvement of the right ventricle, signs of heart failure due to severe restrictive disorders with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging data (non-specific late gadolinium enhancement) became the basis for the assumption of amyloidosis and the implementation of a myocardial biopsy. An erroneous diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis according to myocardial biopsy was refuted during a second study, the PAS reaction revealed signs of storage disease. The diagnosis of Danon disease was verified using DNA diagnostics (c.731delG mutation was detected). Due to the presence of unsustained paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and a high calculated risk of sudden death, cardioverter-defibrillator was implanted. The analysis of literature data on the frequency and the manifestation of Danon disease in women, the place of this disease in the structure of the causes of myocardial hypertrophy is given.

Conclusion. Atrial fibrillation at a young age and left ventricular hypertrophy syndrome can develop due to primary myocardial diseases not well known in the practice of a cardiologist. They require an in-depth diagnostic search; their identification is critical for determining treatment tactics and prognosis.
Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolites as the new Determinants of Cardiovascular Pathology Development
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Kaburova A. N.
Published: April 2020

Chronic noncommunicable diseases represent one of the key medical problems of the XXI century. In this group cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are known to be the leading cause of death which pathogenesis still has the potential to be more profoundly revealed in order to discover its yet unknown but essential factors. The last decades are marked by the active investigation into the gut bacterial role in the initiation and progression of CVD. The result of this investigation has been the appreciation of microbiome as the potentially new cardiovascular risk factor. The development of sequencing techniques, together with bioinformatics analysis allowed the scientists to intensively broaden the understanding of the gut microbiota composition and functions of its metabolites in maintaining the health and the development of atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension and heart failure. The interaction between macro- and microorganisms is mediated through the variety of pathways, among which the key players are thought to be trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and secondary bile acids. TMAO is known due to its role in atherosclerosis development and the increase in major cardiovascular events. In the majority of research SCFA and secondary bile acids have demonstrated protective role in CVD. The great attention is being paid to the role of lipopolysaccharide of gram negative bacteria in the development of systemic low-grade inflammation due to the metabolic endotoxemia which contributes to the progression of CVD. The described interactions draw attention to the opportunity to influence on the certain mechanisms of CVD pathogenesis through the modulation of microbiota composition and function. The review is aimed at highlighting the current data about the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota and its metabolites may increase cardiovascular risk and events rate as well as discussing the existing results and future perspective of bacterial systemic effects modulation.
Mediterranean Diet: Origin History, Main Components, Evidence of Benefits and Feasibility to Adapt to the Russian Reality
Authors: Akasheva D. U. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: April 2020

An unhealthy diet takes the lead in the concept of cardiovascular risk factors. It contributes to the development of various so-called “alimentary-dependent” risk factors and conditions: overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, high blood pressure and hypercholesterolemia. This, in turn, leads to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many ways to rationalize and improve nutrition have been suggested. But the supremacy in prevention of cardiovascular diseases over the past decades steadily belongs to the Mediterranean diet. The history of origin, its main components, as well as the studies in which its usefulness has been proven, became the subject of this review. In addition, issues of adaptation of the Mediterranean diet to the Russian reality are submitted for discussion.
Killer Activity of Hanseniaspora uvarum Isolated from Dates Vinegar: Partially Purification and Characterization of Killer Toxin
Authors: Et al. Hameed
Published: April 2020

This study was conducted to isolate and identify killer yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum from dates vinegar and measurement the ability of this yeast to produce killer toxin. The antimicrobial activity of the concentrated supernatant containing partially purified concentrated killer toxin was also detected against several pathogenic bacteria and yeast species, which includes two types of yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Candida tropicalis and four human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeurginosa. In addition, the antagonistic activity of examined yeast have been studied toward four types of fungi, where two are pathogenic for human Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum and two are plant pathogens Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The results of killer toxin production experiments revealed the ability of yeast to produce killer toxin with molecular weight at 18 kDa by 12 % SDS electrophoresis. The optimal conditions for killer toxin production were studied, and their antimicrobial activity was determined. The results revealed that killer toxin production was increased at 4 % NaCl, the highest inhibtion zone was 20 mm for S. aureus, while the lowest inhibition zone was 7 mm for E. coli. Killer activity was increased at pH 4 and the best inhibtion zone obtained was about 16 mm for K. pneumoniae, while 8 mm for E. coli and C. tropicalis. The temperature was also affect the production of killer toxin, where 25 °C is the best temperature for toxin production of examined yeast, The best killer activity was 21 mm for C. tropicalis. The antagonistic activity of killer yeast H. uvarum toward pathogenic fungal growth was determined and showed killer activity about 61.11, 44.44, 33.33 and 24.44 % against T. mentagrophytes, T.  rubrum, F. solani and S. sclerotiorum in comparison to the control.
Functional expression of a novel methanol-stable esterase from Geobacillus subterraneus DSM13552 for biocatalytic synthesis of cinnamyl acetate in a solvent-free system
Authors: Cai Xianghai , Lin Lin , Shen Yaling , wei wei , Wei Dong-zhi
Published: April 2020

Background: Esterases are widely distributed in nature and have important applications in medical, industrial and physiological. Recently, the increased demand for flavor esters has prompted the search of catalysts like lipases and esterases. Esterases from thermophiles also show thermal stability at elevated temperatures and have become enzymes of special interest in biotechnological applications. Although most of esterases catalyzed reactions are carried out in toxic and inflammable organic solvents, the solvent-free system owning many advantages such as low cost and easy downstream processing.Results: The gene estGSU753 from Geobacillus subterraneus DSM13552 was cloned, sequenced and overexpressed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The novel gene has an open reading frame of 753 bp and encodes 250-amino-acid esterase (EstGSU753). The sequence analysis showed that the protein contains a catalytic triad formed by Ser97, Asp196 and His226, and the Ser of the active site is located in the conserved motif Gly95-X-Ser97-X-Gly99 included in most esterases and lipases. The protein catalyzed the hydrolysis of pNP-esters of different acyl chain lengths, and the enzyme specific activity was 70 U/mg with the optimum substrate pNP-caprylate. The optimum pH and temperature of the recombinant enzyme were 8.0 and 60°C respectively. The resulting EstGSU753 showed remarkable stability against methanol. After the incubation at 50% methanol for 9 days, EstGSU753 retained 50% of its original activity. Even incubation at 90% methanol for 35 h, EstGSU753 retained 50% of its original activity. Also, the preliminary study of the transesterification shows the potential value in synthesis of short-chain flavor esters in a solvent-free system, and more than 99% conversion was obtained in 6 h (substrate: cinnamyl alcohol, 1.0 M).Conclusions: This is the first report of esterase gene cloning from Geobacillus subterraneus with detailed enzymatic properties. This methanol-stable esterase showed potential value in industrial applications especially in the perfume industry.
Mixed models and multivariate approach applied to maize breeding: A useful tool for biofortification
Authors: Rosa Tiago Corazza da , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Szareski Vinícius Jardel , Barbosa Maurício Horbach , Hoffmann Jessica Fernanda , Matter Ester Mafalda , Zimmermann Christian Szambelam , Bubans Valéria Escaio , Souza Velci Queiróz de
Published: April 2020

Biofortification and bioactive compounds enrichment of maize genotypes is a great alternative for mitigating micronutrients deficiency in human and animal diet, and also for improving the benefits of maize for human health. This work aimed to estimate variance components and genetic parameters of bioactive compounds and micronutrients to predict superior maize hybrids from different genetic bases, and to apply the RELM/BLUP methodology to multivariate techniques. The inbreed lines were crossed and the F1 hybrids were grown for evaluations in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons, respectively. Then, micronutrients and bioactive compounds related traits were evaluated. The variance components and genetic parameters were estimated by REML methodology. The BLUP methodology was employed to predict genetic values and to verify the percentages of genetic gain with selection. The predicted genetic values were applied to estimate genetic distances by the Mean Euclidean Distance. The relative contribution of each trait to genetic divergence was evaluated and the principal components analysis determined, proposing the genotypes that are potentially capable to increase a given trait. The presence of genetic variability was evidenced among genotypes, while some of them presented potential for increasing specific traits. The top cross hybrid L64XAS1590 showed the highest estimates for increasing antioxidant-responsible traits, and micronutrients contents such as manganese, cooper, iron and zinc. In general, there was the possibility of achieving genetic gains with selection under application of biofortified and bioactive compounds to enhance maize hybrids through conventional breeding. However, it does not applicable for iron content due to its low estimate of broad sense heritability.
Analysis of genotype-environment interaction and yield stability of Thai upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes using AMMI model
Authors: Islam Shams Shaila , Anothai Jakarat , Nualsri Charassri , Soonsuwon Watcharin
Published: April 2020

Genotype-environment interaction and stability analysis has been important for plant breeders and plays a vital role in identifying genotypes that are stable or unstable in a given environment. The experiments in this research were conducted to determine the effects of genotype, environment and genotype-environment interaction on grain yield using the AMMI statistical model, and to recognize the most stable rice genotypes among ten genotypes in southern Thailand’s provinces of environments in Songkhla, Satun and Phatthalung. Highly significant differences were shown from the combined analysis for environments with grain yields, revealing that environments were different and indicated change ability between the genotypes and their interactions. The average grain yield assessment of the tested genotypes was around the environments where genotype G8 (Nahng Kian) had the highest grain yield 6234.11 kg/ha. AMMI biplot of the Interaction Principal Component Analysis (IPCA) scores visualized 90.7% for IPCA1 and 9.3% for IPCA2 with the genotypes and environments for grain yield. In the AMMI stability value method, G8 (Nahng Kian) was the most stable genotype followed by the genotypes G2 (Mai Tahk) and G10 (Hawm Jet Ban) Songkhla, Satun and Phatthalung environments.
The growth and tissue mineral concentrations of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars in response to the ultraviolet-B radiation
Authors: Niazwali Saeedallah A. , Senthilkumar Annadurai , Karthishwaran Kandhan , Salem Mohammed A.
Published: April 2020

The ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation is an integral part of the sun light and adversely affects the growth and development of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera). Although, date palm is an economically important fruit tree and the majority the world’s production is centered in the Arabian Peninsula, the studies evaluating date palm genotypic diversity and response to the UVB radiation are limited. To investigate this, five commercially grown date palm cultivars were exposed to the control and two elevated levels (four and eight hours per day for one year) of UVB radiations. The results showed that UVB radiation decreased plant height and leaf number by 8-14%, shoot root fresh weight by 66-87% and dry weight by 20-23%, total chlorophyll and carotenoids concentrations by 22-28%, while increased the proline and UVB absorbing compounds (phenolics) by 142% and 17.5%, respectively, across cultivars. These changes were more pronounced under the eight-hour UVB exposure. In general, roots tended to have greater concentrations of S and N by ≈1.4 folds, Co, Na, and P by 3.3-7 folds than shoots, compared to average across cultivars and treatments. However, under UVB, several mineral concentrations were either increased (e.g, Ca, Co, Fe, Mn, P) or decreased (e.g, K, Mo, S, N) consistently in shoots and roots. One exception to this rule was the Na concentration that increased in the shoot (9-45%) but decreased in the roots (8-10%) under UVB. Thus, the response of the date palm cultivars to the UVB was dependent on the measured traits, exhibiting decline in the growth parameters despite the increase in the UVB absorbing compounds and the tissue concentrations of several minerals. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the cultivars differed similarly in response to a given level of UVB treatments. Based on the PCA, the cultivars were grouped into two groups as BARHI and FRDWT in one group, while KHD, NBSTF, and RFDRD in other group.
Potential of Colletotrichum typhae H.C Greene mycoherbicide for bio-control of Southern cattail (Typha domingensis Pers.) plants
Authors: Maia Cláudio Belmino , Melo Paulo Alexandre Fernandes Rodrigues de , Barreto Robert Weingart , Maffia Luiz Antônio , Pinto O correto é Kedma Maria Silva , Serra Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Souza , Rodrigues Antonia Alice Costa , Mesquita Mário Luiz Ribeiro , Silva Aline Priscilla Gomes da , Mondego Janaina Marques
Published: April 2020

The anthropic interference in aquatic ecosystems favors the disordered colonization of T. domingensis, damaging the production of hydroelectric power and river traffic. Because of this, studies report the efficacy of fungal mycoherbicides, with control rates reaching as high as 90%. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of C. typhae as a mycoherbicide in bio control of T. domingensis, at in vitro and greenhouse conditions. 107 samples of symptomatic T. domingensis leaves were collected in flooded areas of rivers in Brazil, with identification and isolation of the collected fungal species. The concentration of inoculum was determined to evaluate the incidence and severity of the disease, the influence of temperature on mycelial growth and conidia germination, the effect of temperature and leaf wetness period on T. domingensis infection by C. typhae and the host range test in vitro. The growth of the colonies of C. typhae was higher at 25 to 30 ºC. There was no interference of the photoperiod on germination of the spores, but the highest percentage of germination was occurred at 20 ºC. The influence of environmental conditions on infection of inoculated leaves of T. dominguensis revealed that at 15 ºC and the period of leaf wetness of 48 hours the highest incidence of the disease was observed, as well as the severity for the same period of leaf wetness. The specificity test showed that C. typhae is specifically pathogenic to T. domingensis. This the first report of the occurrence of this pathogen in aquatic macrophytes of this species and in T. domingensis, a potential mycoherbicide for the control of this aquatic weed.
Water status, cell damage and gas exchanges in West Indian cherry (Malpighia emarginata)
under salt stress and nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Lima Geovani Soares de , Pinheiro Francisco Wesley Alves , Dias Adaan Sudário , Gheyi Hans Raj , Silva Saulo Soares da , Soares Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos , Silva André Alisson Rodrigues da , Fernandes Pedro Dantas , Dantas Jussara Silva
Published: April 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate water status, cell damage and gas exchanges of West Indian cherry grown under saline water irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization in the post-grafting stage. The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions in Regolithic Neosol with sandy loam texture. Treatments consisted of two levels of electrical conductivity of water (ECw) (0.8 and 4.5 dS m-1) and four N doses (70; 85; 100 and 115% of the N recommendation), arranged in randomized blocks, with three replicates. The dose relative to 100% corresponded to 200 g of N per plant per year. Irrigation with 4.5 dS m-1 electrical conductivity water resulted in a reduction in stomatal conductance, transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency but increased cell damage percentage and internal CO2 concentration in West Indian cherry plants. Inhibition of CO2 assimilation rate in West Indian cherry plants is related to non-stomatal effects. Irrigation with 4.5 dS m-1 water and fertilization with 115% of N recommendation intensified leaf water saturation deficit in the West Indian cherry crop. The BRS Jaburu West Indian cherry was sensitive to 4.5 dS m-1 water salinity.
IgE-dependent reactivity of canine sera from three regions of Poland
Authors: JANIA BARTOSZ , DOPIERAŁA MARTA , WÓJCIK EWA , RYMUZA KATARZYNA , ANDRASZEK KATARZYNA
Published: April 2020

Allergies in dogs have become a relatively frequent topic of discussion in veterinary surgeries. Many dogs, both purebred and of mixed breeds, are diagnosed for allergies. Allergies have many causes, from genetic predisposition to the environmental conditions in which the animal lives. Allergies in dogs are troublesome because they can lead to serious health complications when diagnosed late or left untreated. The results of the study support the hypothesis that the percentage of allergies to individual allergens varied by region (Tab. 4). Differences were observed in the case of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae house dust mites, Acarus siro, and Tyrophagus. The remaining allergens caused allergic reactions in similar percentages of dogs from northern, central and southern Poland.
Studies of assisted reproductive technology in the 19th and 20th centuries
Authors: SOBOLEWSKI JAROSŁAW
Published: April 2020

Artificial breeding technology has been an important subject of research from the very beginning of medicine and veterinary sciences. Several main directions should be distinguished within these methods: artificial insemination (including cryogenic semen preservation technology), transplantation (embryo transfer) and embryo culture in vitro. The first experiments in this field date back to the late 18th century, when Lazarro Spallanzani performed such experiments on animals. The late 19th and the early 20th centuries saw the development of artificial insemination, which became a routine procedure, significantly facilitating breeding. The first successful experiments in embryo transplantation were also carried out in 1890. The high potential of this method was recognized related to the intensification of breeding for specific individual traits without limitations imposed by breeding physiology. These procedures were limited for a long time to scientific experiments and were not introduced into medical practice until the early 1970s. Embryo culture in vitro was a separate problem and an even greater challenge for researchers. Significant experimental research in this field started only in 1949 and has been continued ever since. In the 1990s, the biotechnology of in vitro embryo culture was improved to the point of becoming one of the most promising fields of veterinary and zootechnical sciences.
Equine supernumerary molar tooth: A clinical case
Authors: GÓRSKI KAMIL , TUREK BERNARD , RAKOWSKA ALICJA , OBROCHTA BARTŁOMIEJ , ŻYCHSKA MONIKA , BEREZNOWSKI ANDRZEJ
Published: April 2020

The aim of this report is to present a clinical case of an additional tooth (dens suplementarius) in a 13-year-old thoroughbred mare currently used for pleasure riding. She was referred for specific dental evaluation because of recurrent nasal discharge that started to change from mucous to mucopurulent. The first attempt to remove the additional tooth was performed on the standing horse, but was unsuccessful because of the location of the problem. Surgical procedures under general anaesthesia, that is, trepanation of the nasofrontal sinus and “sinus flap,” succeeded. The mare was under antimicrobial therapy for 7 days after the surgery and received NSAID drugs for 2 more days. Medical dressing was removed 2 days after the surgery, and sinus flush with Foleys catheter was performed during 8 days after removing the dressing. The mare returned to previous work soon after the surgical procedure. Dental problems are among the most common in field veterinary practice, but supernumerary teeth occur in only a small percentage of horses. Cases of such tooth abnormalities are usually detected in the early or middle age of an animal during a regular dental examination or when the situation starts to create clinical problems. A suspicion of an additional tooth should always be confirmed by imaging diagnostics. In most cases, radiological evaluation is enough to confirm the diagnosis and asses the situation before selecting a specific medical solution.
Innovative triangular cutting guide in cranial tibial wedge osteotomy in dogs with a cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: ALEKSIEWICZ ROMAN , LUTNICKI KRZYSZTOF , KIRSTEIN JERZY , KIEŁBOWICZ MACIEJ , PSZCZOŁA MARCIN
Published: April 2020

Damage of the cranial cruciate ligament is a frequent cause of limb lameness in dogs. The aim of the study was to present the usefulness of a new guide for the blade of the oscillating saw in the Cranial Tibial Wedge Osteotomy (CTWO) technique. CTWO procedures using a proprietary triangular guide were performed on 62 dogs of both sexes. Radiological evaluation of the formation of bone scars in the Hammer scale showed that 3 months after the surgery most patients had a solid 2nd or 3rd degree of osteotomy consolidation. Lameness rating by the Functional Stifle Scale showed an improvement in the clinical condition of the dogs. This was reflected in the opinions of the owners expressed in Canine Brief Pain Inventory questionnaires, as presented in the chart. Values of the Pearson and Kendall correlation coefficients and statistical significance coefficients confirmed the relationship between the owners’ satisfaction and the results of the therapy and improvement in clinical trials. The triangular guide of the oscillating saw blade facilitates the transfer of the osteotomy angle determined on a digital radiogram onto the operating field, ensures precise orthogonal osteotomy incisions in the course of CTWO, significantly affects the time of callus formation, and accelerates the recovery of limb function.
Adaptation of Social Attributes of Place in Creative Placemaking towards Social Sustainability
Authors: Ramli Nurul Atikah , Ujang Norsidah
Published: April 2020

Creative placemaking emerges as an evolving field of practice that leverages the power of arts, culture, and creativity to serve the community’s interests. Scholars have conveyed the values and benefits of creative placemaking in dealing with social issues and formulating agenda for urban transformation. An extensive review of the literature was conducted to understand the significance of social attributes of place in supporting creative placemaking strategies. A systematic search process yielded 14 articles from 121 documents that have been analyzed systematically. The review found that the social attributes of place generate social opportunities and community-led creative placemaking as catalysts for sustainable urban regeneration.
Monte Carlo Simulation for Cost Forecasting in the Green Building Project
Authors: Muhamad Halil Faridah , Ismail Hafiszah , Hasim Mohamad Sufian , Hashim Halim
Published: April 2020

Monte Carlo Simulation is a mathematical technique that generates random variables for modelling risk. This technique is suitable and benefits to the various client such as public and private sector to evaluate the costing prepared by the Quantity Surveyor.  The methodology used is a qualitative approach consisting of a case study and document analysis. The result shows through Monte Carlo simulation, can predict the worst return from the accuracy of the estimation and given absolute confidence for project development.
Assessment of Aquatic Ecological Health: A Case Study of Lake Rewalsar, Himachal Pradesh
Authors: KUMARI RAMA , KUMAR PARMANAND
Published: April 2020

The present study was conducted for two years to analyze the water quality of the sacred lake Rewalsar. Water quality of different seasons was evaluated by water quality index. Various statistical techniques, such as correlation, principal component analysis were applied. Based on Water Quality Index, water quality of the lake was in the range of 33-80 in different seasons. Cluster analysis of similarity indicates the relationship intensity between the seasons as cluster ranged 80-100% during the study period. In the principal component analysis maximum variables (Conductivity, Alkalinity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Nitrates, Phosphates, and Chloride) shows maximum influence during the summer and monsoon. The outcome revealed that the major driving factors of water quality deterioration are the runoff of effluent from the domestic area and offering food materials to the fishes. So, it is necessary to implement effective management strategies for the conservation of the Rewalsarlake.
Effect of Irrigation Methods and Mulching on Growth and Seed Yield of Semialata
Authors: SRIVASTAVA SK , JEET PAWAN
Published: April 2020

A study was conducted to assess the effect of drip irrigation and plastic mulch on growth and seed yield of Semialata. Two types of plastic mulch (green and silver/black) were tested at three levels of irrigation (120%, 100% and 80%) by drip irrigation and one level (100%) by furrow irrigation. The daily water requirement of Semialata was estimated by the equation ETcrop= ETox crop factor. ETcrop is crop water requirement mm/day. ETo (reference evapotranspiration, mm/day) was calculated by FAO calculator which uses temperature and humidity data. In this experiments there were twelve treatments were considered. The treatments were replicated thrice. The experiment was laid in randomized block design. It was observed that drip irrigation with or without plastic mulch is yielding better results in terms of growth parameters and seed yield as compared to furrow irrigation without plastic mulch. It was also observed that maximum suppression (67.58%) of weeds resulted with drip irrigation and silver/black plastic mulch at 80% level of irrigation.
Determination of Maximum Storage and Drainage Coefficient from Consecutive Days Maximum Rainfall at Different Locations in India
Authors: UPADHYAYA ASHUTOSH , KUMARI ARTI Saran , AHMED AKRAM
Published: April 2020

Knowledge about the maximum possible storage of rainwater in the field and its safe disposal is very important to save crops from the adverse impact of excess rainfall. Keeping this in view, daily rainfall data of 30 to 35 years as per availability was analyzed at four centres of All India Coordinated Research Project on Water Management i.e. (i) Samastipur (ii) Ludhiana, (iii) Hisar, and (iv) Almora. In the design of agricultural structures, generally, 10 years return period is considered, so the point, where tangent drawn on the curves of 10 years return period crosses the Y-axis, gives maximum possible storage (recommended bund height) in rice fields. Maximum possible storage (bund height) corresponding to 10 years return period was found as 25 cm, 15 cm, 13 cm, and 27.5 cm and corresponding drainage coefficient as 26.3 mm/day, 6.8 mm/day, 8.4 mm/day and 24.8 mm/day for Samastipur, Ludhiana, Hisar and Almora, respectively.
Status of Labour households and Marginal Farmers in Bihar: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: KUMAR VINOD , SINGH R K P , KUMAR ABHAY , KUMAR UJJWAL , BHARTI VIDYA
Published: April 2020

This study is based on the longitudinal information collected in the selected villages of Bihar. The data collected during 2010-11 and 2014-15 were analyzed using descriptive and econometric techniques. An attempt was made to analyze employment generation, income of different marginal farmers and labour households and the extent of indebtedness and earning prevalent among rural labour and marginal farm households in rural Bihar. The result indicated that the average size of landholding of labour and marginal farmers increased in villages under study because some of these households purchased land from other categories of households through their meagre savings possible due to increase in employment opportunity and wages, particularly in non- farm sector in Bihar. The levels of livelihood parameter are low on labour households, but they performed impressively during the recent past. The total values of assets of labour and marginal farms’ households under study has considerably enhanced during five years due to either possession of new assets, rejuvenation, and/ or value appreciation of the existing assets. Labour households earned a higher income than marginal household in 2014- 15 due to availability of non - farm employment and grants under social security schemes. There has been significant improvement in education level, asset possession and availability of facilities. However, social security programmes seem to be more robust than economic development programmes including agricultural development. The investment in human capital or skill development in rural area will be equally important in the endeavour for alleviating poverty and improving livelihood status. The complementarities among various types of infrastructures, institutions and development programmes need to be ensured to accelerate the process of poverty alleviation and improving livelihood in rural Bihar.
Effect of Bypass Protein on Milk Production and Economic of Lactating Crossbred Cows
Authors: CHOUDHARY RATNESH K , ROY A Saran , SINGH3 N K , KUMAR SANJAY , SINGH RAUSHAN K
Published: April 2020

An On-Farm Trial was conducted on 24 lactating crossbred cows for assessment of feeding formaldehyde treated mustard cake (bypass protein) on milk production and economic analysis of lactating cow. Cows were divided into three groups having 8 cows each, treatments were farmers’ practice (FP); (Control): The lactating animals under this group were fedas per the feeding schedule of the farmers (5 kg. dry roughage as rice straw + 6 hrs grazing as local grass and 4 kg. commercial concentrates), T1: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing the same amount of commercial concentrates andT2: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% formaldehyde treated mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing same amount of commercial concentrates. The average daily milk yield of lactating cows under FP, T1 and T2 was 8.58, 8.82 and 9.85 kg per cow, respectively. Differences between FP and T2 were significant. The daily increase in milk yield was 1.27 kg and 1.03 kg in cows fed T2diet over the cows fed FP and T1diet, respectively. The B: C ratios for FP, T1 and T2 groups were 2.6, 3.0 and 3.3, respectively. The feed cost reduced in T2 group by Rs. 8.64 and increased milk production by 1.27 kg in respect to FP group.
Physicochemical, Functional Properties and Proximate Composition of Tamarind Seed
Authors: MAHAJANI KAMLA
Published: April 2020

Tamarind seed is an underutilised by-product of the tamarind pulp industry. Only a small portion of the seed, in the form of tamarind kernel powderis used as a sizing material in the textile, paper, and jute industries. A study was carried out toanalyse the useful and biological properties of tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica). All the processed seeds were dried and pulverised before qualitative analysis. Functional analysis of tamarind seed shows water absorption capacity 20 percent and oil absorption capacity 16 percent shows and gelatinisation concentration was 10 percent. Proximate composition of tamarind seed shows that moisture, protein (g), fat (g), fiber (g), ash (g), carbohydrate (g) and energy (kcal) was 8.4±0.25 (g), 20.5±1.25 (g), 9.5±0.35 (g), 8.6±215 (g), 3.2±0.76 (g), 57.8±1.92 (g) and 364.0±4.89kcal, respectively.
LEGAL PROTECTION IN RESTITUTION TO THE VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Authors: NOVIKA GIOFANNI DIAN
Published: April 2020

The modus operandi offered by traffickers makes victims often deceived by these enticements. This phenomenon is caused by various social factors such as poverty. Reality like this is what makes them easily trapped in the world of slavery. The research method used in this paper is normative juridical research, using the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. Research shows an increase in cases of human trafficking is a serious problem that requires a quick reaction in handling. Legal protection for victims can be specifically protected by restitution or compensation given to the victim or family by the perpetrator.
THE ENFORCEMENT OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Garcia Virginia
Published: April 2020

Restorative Justice is a philosophy, process, ideas, theories and interventions that emphasize the improvement of the harm caused or expressed by criminal behavior. This process is in sharp contrast to the standard way of handling crime as is commonly carried out in criminal law in Indonesia. Restorative justice finds a foothold in the basic philosophy of the fourth principle of Pancasila, namely deliberation on priorities in decision making. The purpose of the settlement by mediating victims of violators is to humanize the justice system, justice that is able to answer what the real needs of victims, perpetrators and the community.
REFORM OF CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY ARRANGEMENTS IN INDONESIA AND TYPES OF SANCTIONS THAT CAN BE IMPLEMENTED
Authors: Sembiring Rya Elita Br , Pujiyono Pujiyono
Published: April 2020

Individuals who commit criminal acts will receive criminal sanctions for them. However, criminal sanctions for corporations that commit criminal acts are not regulated in the Criminal Code. This research uses normative legal research methods. This study aims to examine the criminal liability arrangements by corporations as well as what sanctions can be applied. In Indonesia, criminal liability by corporations has been regulated in several statutory regulations that are outside the Criminal Code. Sanctions that can be applied to corporations include basic crimes such as criminal fines, additional crimes, and corporate confiscation.
Politik Hukum Penistaan Agama Perspektif Rudolf Stammler
Authors: Sholehudin Miftahus
Published: April 2020

The conflict based on religion is a very sensitive issue in various countries of the world. Indonesia as a godly state as contained in the state philosophy of the first precepts Pancasila has also given birth to special regulations in dealing with the defamation problem contained in Law No. 1 PNPS 1965. Using a historical approach, this legal research uses a type of normative legal research. Rudolf Stamler's theory, which became the knife of analysis in this study, showed that the blasphemy law was formed with a repressive pattern in which the state with its power to make laws and regulations forced both politically and legally. However, the presence of repressive law is the most appropriate solution when viewed from the historical record of the conflict in Indonesia which is motivated by the issue of religion. So that under the ideals of the law, the accuracy of the legislation at that time should be adjusted to the conditions of the nation to create a law that is responsive and fair
Comparative Study of Legal Protection for Migrant Workers In Participation Of Social Security Programs In Indonesia And Singapore
Authors: Hidayah Putri Nur
Published: April 2020

Social security is one of the basic rights of workers both local and migrant workers as stated on Art. 25 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The enactment of single markets and production based in the era of ASEAN Economic Community inevitably brings migrant workers particularly in Indonesia and Singapore. This must be in line with a proper legal instruments to protect migrant workers’ rights in a social security participation. This study aims to compare on how Indonesia and Singapore provide legal protection to migrant workers in the social security participation and what social security programs that can be followed in both countries. The research method used is a normative research method with a statute approach. The result of the study shows that Indonesia has provided protection for migrant workers the same way as local workers as stated on Art. 22 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, whereas Singapore only provides the social security to local workers. Migrant workers get the protection through other ways, namely insurance and bilateral/multilateral agreements. For the social security programs followed by migrant workers, both Indonesia and Singapore do not provide the programs related to what has been regulated on Art. 25 Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
LEGAL REVIEW OF SELLING LAND OF INHERITANCE WITHOUT APPROVAL OF ALL HEIRS
Authors: Anggraeny Isdian
Published: April 2020

The land is one of the most valuable items because it is a source of life and livelihood for humans. The land has economic value and spiritual value for the owner. However, as the community's need for land increases, so does the legal problem in acquiring land. Everyone will disagree with one another in defending their land rights. One of them is ownership disputes that occur in inherited land which are the object of the transfer of land rights to other parties, for example through buying and selling. There are several phenomena of legal problems due to the sale and purchase of inherited land which is carried out unilaterally by one of the heirs and / or several heirs. Therefore, in this paper, we will discuss some problem formulations, namely: (1) What is the position of the sale and purchase of land over inherited land without the consent of all heirs? (2) What are the legal consequences of buying and selling land on inherited land without the consent of all heirs? Through normative juridical study, the following results are obtained. First, the legal act of buying and selling inherited land without the consent of all heirs is an illegal act before the law. Secondly, the legal consequences of buying and selling land on inherited land without the approval of all heirs are null and void.