bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cumulative quantum mechanics—Quantum-size effects for: Nano-, angstrom- and femto-technologies
Authors: Vysikaylo P. I.
Published: June 2024

The leading laboratories continue intensive research into the properties of nanocomposites. Along with the discovery of new materials, new technologies are being developed, and attempts are being made to create mathematical models capable of describing phenomena in hollow quantum resonators—quantum dots, lines, and other cumulative-dissipative 3D structures of nanometer dimensions. New models make it possible to develop new materials, discover new patterns, and solve old fundamental problems in new ways. The author has discovered and classified more than 32 polarization quantum-size effects. We can explain all the quantum-size effects that we have discovered only by applying the fundamentals of cumulative quantum mechanics (CQM). These quantum size effects led to the discovery of the principles of physical doping and the classification of doping into physical and chemical doping. During physical doping, the modification of the properties of the nanocomposite is carried out with the help of nanostructures of foreign material, which have a high affinity for free electrons. In this case, the fractions of foreign material do not penetrate into the crystal lattice. A dopant with a high affinity for free electrons is charged with a negative charge, while a doped nanocrystal is charged with a positive charge. Therefore, physical doping of nanocomposites leads to the generation of electric fields that act as catalysts for various reactions, contribute to the strengthening of nanocomposites by Coulomb’s compression, increase the luminescent properties of phosphors, increase conductivity up to 1010 times, and other properties due to quantum size effects due to local violation of electrical neutrality. We used QCM to explain similar phenomena in the nano-, angstrom-, and femto-world of cumulative-dissipative structures. Based on experiments and QCM, we analyzed the processes: pulsation of electric fields in quantum resonators, partial collapse of the ψ-functions, expanded Dirac's claim about the limits of a ψ-function, and detailed the problem of the dualism in quantum mechanics—wave-particle at femtosecond times.
Differentiation Analysis of Profitability & Efficiency: Case Study at Luhve.id as MSMEs in Fashion Industry
Authors: Nurdin Annisa Rizkitya , Akbar Aldi
Published: June 2024

This research aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the performance between MSME Luhve.id and the broader fashion industry MSME, focusing on profitability and efficiency aspects. The research method employed is quantitative descriptive analysis, with data collection through observation, interviews, and literature review. The sample utilized comprises profitability and efficiency data from Luhve.id's sales over a 36-month period from 2021 to 2023, as well as the average percentage of profitability and efficiency of the fashion industry MSME from previous studies. Data analysis techniques include normality tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. The findings reveal significant differences between MSME Luhve.id and the fashion industry in terms of profitability and efficiency. MSME Luhve.id demonstrates lower average profitability and efficiency performance compared to the fashion industry MSME. Factors influencing these differences include the relatively new age of MSME Luhve.id and the digital sales strategy that may require further development. Nonetheless, the digital strategy shows potential for long-term growth.
CAMINHOS E DESAFIOS NO BOSQUE DA CIÊNCIA/INPA: PERCEPÇÃO DOS PESQUISADORES E GESTORES
Authors: Santos Saulo Cézar Seiffert , Cunha Márcia Borin da
Published: June 2024

Este estudo investigou a concepção e organização do Bosque da Ciência — parque temático do INPA em Manaus —, através da análise das perspectivas dos servidores responsáveis. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise de conteúdo qualitativo, e revelou uma profunda valorização da educação ambiental como pilar das atividades do parque. Por outro lado, evidenciou-se uma divergência entre as abordagens administrativa e científica, indicando a necessidade de aprimorar a comunicação e a integração entre essas áreas. Com base nas análises, este estudo propõe medidas para fortalecer o processo de divulgação científico-ambiental no Bosque da Ciência, incluindo o fortalecimento da comunicação interna, a capacitação continuada dos servidores, a elaboração de um plano estratégico de divulgação, a ampliação da participação da comunidade científica e a avaliação periódica das atividades. Ao implementar tais medidas, o Bosque da Ciência poderá fortalecer seu papel como referência regional em educação ambiental e na difusão do conhecimento científico, contribuindo para a construção de uma sociedade mais engajada na ciência e na conservação ambiental.
KEPEMIMPINAN VISIONER KYAI DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SANTRI YANG BERDAYA SAING DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-BIDAYAH JEMBER
Authors: Wahyono Imam , Fanani Ahmad Aziz
Published: June 2024

This study aims to describe the visionary leadership of kyai with a portrait of the role of kyai as a direction seter, change agent, spokesperson and as coach. Through this role, it is hoped that the competitiveness of students at the Al-Bidayah Jember Islamic boarding school is in accordance with the needs of the community in the future. This research was carried out because of the lack of research in Islamic boarding schools with the use of visionary leadership types but focused on the competitiveness of students. This research method uses qualitative research with a type of descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this study was a caregiver of Islamic boarding school named Dr. KH. Abdul Haris, M.Ag. Data collection techniques are in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques use Miles & Huberman theory, while data validity uses triangulation. The results of this study can be described that in carrying out his role, a kyai always involves stakeholders in formulating policies guided by the needs of the community and the future, innovating so that his vision and mission can be realized this is done by making an accelerated method in learning the yellow book and choosing the right learning methods and models, kyai socializes the vision and mission of the Islamic boarding school to the general public through da'wah in the media Social and training both in schools and Islamic boarding schools and kyai become resource persons in seminars for teachers or asatidz councils both in schools and Islamic boarding schools.
HUBUNGAN KECERDASAN EMOSI DAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI PADA IBU MUDA YANG MENIKAH DINI
Authors: Pradipta Maylia , Putri Ellyana Ilsan Eka
Published: June 2024

Level of marriage, by forming a family bound by religion and state based on applicable regulations. Regulations can be violated due to mistakes that are common in society, such as getting pregnant out of wedlock and resulting in early or underage marriages. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and adjustment abilities in young mothers who marry early. This research was conducted on 53 respondents who were mothers married under the age of 20 years and with a maximum marriage age of 5 years. The research uses a quantitative approach method with purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses the Pearson product moment correlation test. The research results obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.520 with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), which means there is a correlation between emotional intelligence and the ability to adjust to young mothers who marry early. The research results found that there was a relationship between emotional intelligence and self-adjustment with a fairly strong influence on self-adjustment
220 năm quốc hiệu Việt Nam và đôi điều thảo luận
Authors: Trần Đức Anh Sơn
Published: June 2024

Năm 1804, vua Gia Long, người sáng lập ra vương triều Nguyễn, triều đại quân chủ cuối cùng của Việt Nam đã chọn hai chữ 越南 (Việt Nam) làm quốc hiệu. Tuy nhiên, trong thư tịch cổ Hán - Nôm của Việt Nam có nhiều tư liệu, văn bia, di vật ghi nhận hai chữ Việt Nam đã xuất hiện từ thế kỷ XIV và được sử dụng để chỉ lãnh thổ, cương vực của đất nước ta. Bài viết này dùng các nguồn sử liệu của triều Nguyễn (Việt Nam) và của nhà Thanh (Trung Hoa) để lý giải việc hai chữ 越南được chọn làm quốc hiệu vào năm 1804, đồng thời, dẫn ra những nguồn tư liệu Hán Nôm khác trong thư tịch cổ Việt Nam để giải thích vì sao hai chữ 越南đã xuất hiện từ trước năm 1804, và chúng được sử dụng với mục đích gì? Bài viết này cũng đặt ra giả thuyết việc chúa Nguyễn Phúc Chu (1675 - 1725) sử dụng hai chữ 越南trong các thi phẩm do ông sáng tác hàm ý điều gì?
Böyle Buyurdu Zerdüşt Kitabındaki Üst İnsan Kavramının Üstün Yetenek Kavramı Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Yıldırım Hasan Hüseyin , Bilgen Büyük Havva
Published: June 2024

Nietzsche insanın en gelişmişini üst insan kavramı şeklinde tanımlarken üstün yeteneklilik “akranlarına göre olağanüstü düzeyde başarı veya başarı potansiyeli gösteren birey” şeklinde kabul edilmiştir. İnsanın kendini aşması için üst insana ulaşılması gereklidir ve dolayısıyla üstün yetenek kavramından bahsedebiliriz. Kitabında bahsettiği üst insan kavramı ile üstün yetenek kavramı arasında benzerlikler var olduğu düşünülmüştür. Bu nedenle üst insanın özelliklerinden yola çıkarak üstün yetenekli bireyin özelliklerine benzer çıkarımlar yapmak mümkündür. Dolayısıyla bu araştırmada üst insan kavramının üstün yetenek kavramı bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında üstün yetenek kavramı üst insan kavramının hangi özellikleriyle örtüştüğü, üst insan kavramının tanımları, üstün yetenekli bireylerin eğitim ve eğitimci özellikleri üst insana hizmet eden insanlar ile örtüşüp örtüşmediği, üstün yetenek kavramıyla örtüşüp örtüşmediği gibi sorulara cevap aranmıştır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış ve bu araştırmaya uygun olarak tasarlanan doküman incelemesinden yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna bakıldığında üst insan kavramının güç istenci, sorgulayıcılık, özgüven, yaratıcılık, yenilikçilik ve öznellik bakımından üstün yetenek kavramıyla örtüştüğü görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda üst insana hizmet eden insanların özelliklerinin üstün yeteneklilerin öğretmenlerinin özellikleriyle de benzer olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Academic Boredom and its Relationship to Self-efficacy among Students of Hebron University and Palestine Polytechnic University in Hebron Governorate
Authors: Arafa Lerijan , Jondi Nabil
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to find out the relationship between academic boredom and self-efficacy among students of Hebron and Palestine Polytechnic universities in the Hebron governorate. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers chose a random stratified sample of (541) students from both universities, the researchers applied the Academic Boredom Scale and the Self-Efficacy Scale after verifying both validity and reliability of the two scales. The results revealed that the level of academic boredom and the level of self-efficacy are moderate, and that there is a negative correlation between the academic boredom and students' self-efficacy. The researchers made some recommendations based on the results.They suggested that the content of the curricula, teaching methods, and evaluation methods should be reconsidered in order to reduce the risk of students being exposed to higher degrees of academic boredom due to the curricula content
Sosialisasi Kebijakan Bank Digital: Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Data Nasabah Dari Risiko Serangan Siber
Authors: Hardinata Michelle Jefelyn , Shanty Shanty , Sitohang Yesica Yentelina , Rahma Indah Anggun , Utomo Setiyo , Ramadoni Sofwan Rizko
Published: June 2024

Transformasi kegiatan perbankan secara tradisional menjadi digital tidak hanya membawa dampak positif, tetapi juga menimbulkan dampak negatif. Salah satu dampak negatif yang sering terjadi di era modern ini adalah serangan siber, dimana pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab mencuri data nasabah untuk keuntungan pribadi. Maka dari itu pengabdian kepada masyarakat penting untuk dilakukan agar masyarakat mengerti pentingnya perlindungan hukum yang lebih baik serta optimalisasi peran pihak bank dalam melindungi nasabah dari ancaman kejahatan siber. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu pengabdian kepada masyarakat sekitar Kos Anugrah Syariah RW 1 di Jalan Drs. H. Anang Hasyim, Air Hitam, Kecamatan Samarinda Ulu, Kota Samarinda yang dikombinasikan dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif melalui kuisioner. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya kemampuan dan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap pentingnya perlindungan hukum yang lebih baik serta optimalisasi peran pihak bank dalam melindungi nasabah dari ancaman kejahatan siber
Estrategias de Liderazgo y Cambio Organizacional en Hospitales Públicos del Ecuador en la Era Digital: Un Análisis Científico Integral
Authors: Cotto Castillo Maritza Roxana , Cotto Castillo Fabiola Cecilia
Published: June 2024

Este exhaustivo análisis se adentra en el dinámico escenario de la gestión hospitalaria en la era digital, donde el rápido avance tecnológico presenta desafíos sin precedentes para las instituciones de salud. Explorando estrategias clave para liderar el cambio de manera efectiva, se destaca la importancia de una visión clara, una cultura organizacional innovadora y una gestión hábil de la transformación. En el contexto de la revolución tecnológica, se enfatiza que una comprensión profunda del entorno digital y las tecnologías emergentes es esencial para los líderes hospitalarios, con especial atención a conceptos como "Visión y Comprensión Tecnológica", "Cultura Organizacional Innovadora" y "Desarrollo de Habilidades Digitales". Se ilustra cómo la "Comunicación Transparente" se integra armoniosamente, actuando como guía en este viaje de cambio. Se reconoce la posibilidad de resistencia al cambio, abordada con la estrategia de "Gestión de la Resistencia al Cambio". "Flexibilidad y Adaptabilidad" se presentan como elementos esenciales que permiten ajustarse a los vientos cambiantes de la era digital. En resumen, este análisis integral busca proporcionar una guía completa para los líderes hospitalarios, identificando estrategias efectivas para prosperar en un entorno digital, con el objetivo final de mejorar la atención médica y el bienestar de los pacientes. La metodología utilizada incluyó una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica, la identificación de conceptos clave, un análisis descriptivo, la integración de perspectivas de autores relevantes, una comparación sistemática y una síntesis que condujo a propuestas y recomendaciones basadas en la información recopilada.
Formacion-es. Aportaciones de jóvenes a la investigación educativa
Authors: Obed Enoc , Martí Mireya
Published: June 2024

Obra que tiene como objetivo dar a conocer los productos de investigación educativa que elaboran en conjunto investigadores jóvenes o en formación e investigadores experimentados. Se evidencia la amplitud de situaciones educativas que pueden indagarse desde metodologías diversas, pero sobre todo, es un libro que invita a reconocer la importancia de recuperar y concretar los esfuerzos derivados del trabajo y aprendizaje conjunto entre profesores y jóvenes investigadores. En cada texto se vislumbran las tradiciones imperantes en el campo de la investigación educativa: teorías, recursos metodológicos, corpus normativos, en un interjuego con temas emergentes como la pandemia, el confinamiento, rezago educativo, actualidad educativa, tecnologías en la educación, reformas y legislaciones educativas, telebachilleratos, literatura educativa, universidad, medio superior y básica; la educación en Guanajuato y en otras regiones del país.
Comparison of Bupivacaine versus Bupivacaine plus Dexamethasone in erector spinae plane block for post-thoracotomy analgesia.
Authors: Siddique Dr Amjad , Dr. Sairah Sadaf  , Dr. Sultan Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Objective: To compare the efficacy of bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine with dexamethasone in USG ESP block for post-thoracotomy analgesia.
Methodology: In this Randomized Control Trial (RCT), thirty patients were registered and divided equally into groups "A" & "B". ESP Block was performed under general anesthesia at the end of the surgery. In group “A" an injection of Bupivacaine was used while in group “B”, dexamethasone was added to bupivacaine. The pain was recorded as Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) at the 1st,  6th, 12th, 24th & 36th Hours.
Results: Mean VAS was higher in group “A” versus group "B" at the 12th hour, (3.4±1.4 v/s 0.4±1.12) respectively with P<0.001.
Conclusion: In our study, we concluded that the combination of dexamethasone with bupivacaine in ESP Block not only provides better quality analgesia but also prolongs the duration of analgesia after thoracotomy.
Clinical trial number: The Clinicaltrial.Gov registration number for our trial is NCT05277974.
Keywords: Post-thoracotomy pain, Erector Spinae Plane Block, Bupivacaine, Dexamethasone.
CMV Reactivation and its Effect on Graft Function in Post H Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) Patients
Authors: Sahla Riaz  , Nighat Shahbaz  , Asghar Ali Kerio  , Munazza Nabi Awan  , Isra Hidayat  , Muhammad Afzal
Published: June 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effect of CMV reactivation on graft function and to better understand the factors contributing to PGF in patients underwent HSCT Prospective was done between Jan 2022 to Oct 2022 at the Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Center
Methodology: This cohort included 80 patients of all age groups and both genders, suffering from various benign and malignant hematological conditions. Patients experiencing primary graft failure were excluded. CMV reactivation was monitored during two distinct time frames post-transplantation (initial 100 days and day +100 to day +180). Patients with CMV viral load exceeding 2000 copies/mL received antiviral treatment. Graft function was assessed through clinical history, physical examination, blood counts, lineage-specific donor chimerism analysis, and bone marrow examination.
Results: Among the study group, 60% of patients experienced CMV reactivation, and 22.5% of these patients receiving antiviral treatment developed myelosuppression. The CD34 dose had a statistically significant correlation with graft function on Day 30 and Day 60, while TNC dose did not. Platelet counts were significantly correlated with Day 60 graft function. Chimerism analysis did not show significant correlations with CMV reactivation at different time points. The overall survival rate was 91.3%, with the most common cause of death being secondary PGF associated with infections
Conclusion: Study underscores the significance of CMV reactivation as a common complication post-HSCT, with implications for graft function. We observed a substantial myelosuppressive effect associated with antiviral treatment. The study highlights the importance of CD34 dose and platelet counts in graft function assessment. While further research is needed, our findings emphasize the need for vigilant monitoring and tailored interventions to improve outcomes in post-HSCT patients
To determine correlation of CD3+ T cells infusion dose with Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) in patients undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT).
Authors: Muhammad Afzal  , Jahanzeb ur Rehman  , Asghar Ali Kerio  , Raheel Iftikhar  , Uzma Rahim  , Sahla Riaz
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine correlation of CD3 dose with Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) in patients undergoing HSCT.
Methodology: Prospective observational was conducted at Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Center Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Feb 2021 to October 2022. Total n=124 patients were enrolled. All patients were followed for 100 days post allogenic stem cell transplant. Quantitative variables, such as recipient's and donor's age, Total nucleated cells, CD3+ T cells and CD34 dose. Qualitative variables, including the recipient's and donor's age, gender, gender mismatches, underlying disease, type of transplant, source of graft, CMV infection, type of GVHD prophylaxis, incidence of stage and grade of GVHD .
Results: Median age was 10years. Eighty patients were male and n=40 were females. The primary source of graft was bone marrow harvest (81.3%) followed by a combination of bone BMH and peripheral blood stem cells (16.9%), and only (PBSC) (1.6%). Median dose of TNC was 5.10, CD34 dose 4.07 and CD3+ T cells dose was 3.7. Twenty six (21%). patients developed acute graft versus host disease. Grade II in 61.8 %, grade III in 30.8 %while grade IV in 7.7% patients. Those patients with TNC dose ?8x108/kg had frequent aGVHD which showed a statistical significance. CD34 and CD3  cells dose didn’t show any statistically significant correlation with development of aGVHD.Eight (6.4%) patients died in our study. OS was 93.5% and DFS was 91.6% with GRFS of 78.7%.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CD3+ T cell dose may not be an independent predictor of aGVHD in our patient population where donors are sibling donors in majority of cases. Further larger-scale studies are required to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the role of CD3+ T cells dose and other intricate factors influencing development of aGVHD in allogeneic HSCT in our population.
الآثار النفسية لدى النازحين من الحرب في محافظة مأرب
Authors: المقدمي نبيل حسن صالح , سالم عزي أحمد زيد
Published: June 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على الآثار النفسية لدى النازحين من الحرب في محافظة مأرب، ودرجة اختلاف الفروق في الآثار النفسية باختلاف الجنس، والحالة الاجتماعية، والعمر، ومكان السكن، وقد أجريت الدراسة على عينة تكونت من (1,252) نازحًا من جميع مخيمات النزوح في محافظة مأرب، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة اتبع الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وقد أسفرت نتائج الدراسة أن الآثار النفسية التي جاءت بدرجة عالية لدى النازحين هي "الشعور بالقلق والخوف والإحباط والضيق والشعور بضعف مشاركة الآخرين أفراحهم، وضعف الثقة بالآخرين والأمان، وقلة تكوين صداقات وعلاقات مع الآخرين، والميل للعزلة"، وبالنسبة لمتغير الجنس توصلت النتائج إلى وجود (24) أثرًا نفسيًّا غير دال، بينما وجد (8) آثار نفسية دالة إحصائيًا لصالح الذكور ما عدا أثر نفسي واحد لصالح الإناث، وبالنسبة لمتغير العمر بينت النتائج أن (27) أثرًا نفسيًّا غير دال، بينما (5) آثار نفسية دالة إحصائيًا لصالح الفئة العمرية الأكثر من 25 سنة، وبالنسبة لمتغير الحالة الاجتماعية جاءت نتائج (28) أثرًا نفسيًّا غير دال، بينما (4) آثار نفسية دالة إحصائيًا لصالح فئة المتزوجين، وبالنسبة لمتغير السكن أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن (29) أثر نفسي دال إحصائيًا، لصالح من يسكنون الخيام، بينما (3) آثار نفسية غير دالة إحصائيًا، وقد خلص الباحثان إلى ضرورة توسيع مجال الدراسة لتشمل بقية محافظات الجمهورية التي استقبلت النازحين، كما أوصى الباحثان المنظمات الدولية والمحلية والجهات الحكومية الاهتمام بالصحة النفسية للنازحين.
حديث (في كل كبد رطبة أجر) دراسة حديثية فقهية مقاصدية
Authors: أبو الجدائل إيمان بنت يوسف
Published: June 2024

هذا البحث محاولة لإبراز مكانة السنة النبوية وسبقها في الاهتمام بالقضايا الحيوية المتعلقة بالإنسان والحيوان، والتي تعد من أهم مبادئه وتعليماته التي دعا إليها، من خلال تناول حديث النبي ﷺ: (في كل كبد رطبة أجر) بشيء من التفصيل الحديثي والذي اقتضي بيان طرقه، وغريبه، وأوجه الجمع بين الروايات، وتبويبات المحدثين للحديث، واشتمل البحث على جملة من الأحكام الفقهية المتعلقة بالنص، والتي جاءت لبيان مقصد الشرع من تعظيم حق الحيوان والوقوف على أسرار ذلك التشريع، مع استعراض أبرز المقاصد العامة التي تهدف إلى تحقيق الغاية والمنفعة الشرعية العامة للإنسان والحيوان، وعظيم أثر تحقيقها في عبادة المسلم.
توقيت خروج يأجوج ومأجوج في ميزان اعتقاد أهل السنّة والجماعة
Authors: الثبيتي د. ليلى محمد
Published: June 2024

هذا البحث يتناول مسألةً من المسائل المتعلّقة باليوم الآخر، والتي أثير الكلام فيها بين العلماء في العصر الحديث، وهي مسألة توقيت خروج يأجوج ومأجوج، فمن العلماء مَن يرى أنَّ يأجوج ومأجوج قد خرجوا وانتهى أمرهم، ومنهم مَن يرى أنَّ ابتداء خروجهم كان بعد بعثة النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، ثمَّ يكون خروجهم الثاني قبيل يوم القيامة، ومنهم مَن يرى أنَّ ابتداء خروجهم يكون بعد فتنة الدجال ونزول المسيح عيسى -عليه السلام-. وقد ذكرت الباحثة الأدلَّة الواردة في شأن يأجوج ومأجوج، وأقوالَ المفسِّرين وشرّاحِ الأحاديث، وآثارَ السلف فيها، ثمَّ عرضت تلك الأقوال في خروج يأجوج ومأجوج، ومَن احتج بها، وحججهم في ذلك، وبينت القول الراجح فيها وسببَ الترجيح.
الكلمات المفتاحية: اليوم الآخر، علامات الساعة، يأجوج ومأجوج، توقيت.
Exploring Adaptive Management Techniques in Coastal Resource Conservation
Authors: Divsalar Ahmad , Mousavi Seyyed Jafar , Emami Farshad
Published: June 2024

This study explores the adaptive management techniques employed in coastal resource conservation, aiming to understand how different stakeholders integrate dynamic management practices to address these challenges effectively. This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with 27 stakeholders, including local community leaders, conservation experts, policymakers, and representatives from non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The participants were selected through purposive sampling to cover a broad range of experiences and insights. The interviews focused on their perspectives and practices in adaptive management, with the data collection process continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved. The analysis was conducted using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes related to adaptive management strategies. Four main themes emerged from the analysis: Adaptive Strategies, Challenges and Barriers, Conservation Outcomes, and Stakeholder Perceptions. These themes were detailed further into sub-categories, such as Risk Assessment, Resource Allocation, Stakeholder Engagement, Regulatory Constraints, Financial Limitations, Community Resistance, Biodiversity Enhancement, Pollution Control, Ecosystem Resilience, Sustainable Practices Adoption, Perceived Effectiveness, Suggestions for Improvement, and Future Prospects. Each category was supported by specific concepts derived from the interview data, illustrating the complexities and multifaceted nature of adaptive management in coastal conservation. The study underscores the importance of a flexible, inclusive, and integrated approach to adaptive management in coastal conservation. Effective management strategies should incorporate stakeholder engagement, economic considerations, and local knowledge to enhance the sustainability and efficacy of conservation efforts. The findings highlight the need for adaptive governance frameworks that can respond to the socio-economic and environmental dynamics of coastal ecosystems.
THE ANALYSIS STUDY OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AND BLINDNESS DUE TO MACULAR DISEASES: A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Izumi Tamara , Afifah
Published: June 2024

Background: DME and AMD are major causes of blindness, affecting the macula and central vision. AMD accounts for 8.7 of global blindness cases. Understanding AMD beyond the retina can provide insights into its pathophysiology, consequences, therapy, and clinical course. Anti-VEGF agents have shown promise in treating AMD, but a definitive treatment remains unidentified.
Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this systematic review concentrated on full-text English literature published between 2014 and 2024. Editorials and review articles that appeared in the same journal as the submission were not accepted without a DOI. A number of websites, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and SagePub, were utilized to gather the literature.
Result: The study looked at more than 400 publications using reputable sources including Science Direct, SagePub, and PubMed. After it was decided that eight publications needed greater investigation, a more extensive review of the entire literature was carried out.
Conclusion: BCVA is crucial in the treatment of AMD and DME, with targeting VEGF being an effective approach. However, their effectiveness in other forms of AMD is less convincing. Chronic inflammation is a key factor in retinal diseases, including AMD. DME treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach, with anti-VEGF agents being the first-line treatment.
Cooperatives at Work. By George Cheney, Matt Noyes, Emi Do, Marcelo Vieta, Joseba Azkarraga and Charlie Michel [Book review]
Authors: Bird Alex
Published: June 2024

Book review
Co-operatives’ significance in Europe: Assessing the influence of social, political, and economic factors
Authors: Sala Ríos Mercè , Farré-Perdiguer Mariona , Torres-Solé Teresa
Published: June 2024

Our paper examines whether certain social, political, and economic factors influence citizens’ desire to participate in co-operative projects, thereby increasing co-operatives’ significance. Specifically, we analyse the relationship between co-operatives’ significance and four factors: (1) citizens’ sense of community; (2) the quality of a country’s democracy; (3) citizens’ trust in government; and (4) a country’s economic performance. The empirical analysis is conducted on a sample of 25 European countries. The results highlight that the most significant factors influencing co-operatives’ significance are trust in government, followed by the quality of a country’s democracy and its economic performance. Furthermore, co-operatives’ employment has a significant correlation with both the sense of community and economic performance. We argue that a dynamic learning process, which develops over time, cultivates a stronger sense of community, thereby leading to increased commitment to co-operative employment. Concerning economic performance, our findings reveal a negative relationship, thus supporting the notion of a relative counter-cyclical association.
Role of Ovarian Volume in Fertile and Infertile Women by Sonography at Swabi
Authors: Ain Qurat Ul , Khalood Zahir  , Khan Maaz , Sara Batool  , Haseena Khan  , Omama Saeed  , Ayesha Israr  , Amina  , Zubair Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Background: The measurement of ovarian volume via sonography is an important parameter in assessing ovarian aging and defining fertility potential in women. In the Swabi region, where advanced medical facilities are limited, measuring ovarian volume could be particularly useful for diagnosing fertility issues. This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between ovarian size and female fertility among women in Swabi.
Objective: To evaluate the role of ovarian volume in distinguishing between fertile and infertile women in the Swabi district using ultrasound.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, Mahaban Medical and Research Hospital, Swabi, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 101 participants were recruited from community health clinics using convenience sampling. Data on demographic characteristics, medical history, and menstrual cycle regularity were collected via standardized questionnaires. Ovarian dimensions were measured by trained personnel using transvaginal sonography (TVUS), which provided accurate and reproducible results. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and percentages, were calculated for variables such as age, ovarian measurements, and fertility status. Cross-tabulation was used to classify participants based on fertility status and menstrual cycle regularity. Correlation tables were generated to examine the interrelationship between fertility status and cycle regularity. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Software for Social Sciences (SPSS version 25.0).
Results: The average age of participants was 28.52 years (SD = 5.08). The mean ovarian volumes for the right and left ovaries were 6.66 cm³ (SD = 3.28) and 7.46 cm³ (SD = 4.26), respectively. Among the participants, 62 were fertile, and 39 were infertile. Fertile participants had slightly higher mean ovarian measurements (right ovary: 6.90 cm³, left ovary: 7.19 cm³) compared to infertile participants (right ovary: 6.29 cm³, left ovary: 7.89 cm³). The regularity of menstrual cycles did not significantly differ between fertile and infertile women, with 31 fertile participants having regular cycles and 31 having irregular cycles.
Conclusion: The study found that fertile women had slightly higher ovarian volumes compared to infertile women. However, menstrual cycle regularity did not differ significantly between the two groups. These findings suggest that while ovarian volume may be a useful indicator of fertility, menstrual cycle regularity alone is not a reliable predictor of fertility status in this cohort.
Towards Personalized Cancer Care: A Report of CRISPR-Cas9 Applications in Targeted Therapies and Precision Medicine
Authors: Ayesha Noor  , Asif Bilal  , Umer Ali
Published: June 2024

Background: Cancer resistance to chemotherapy arises from various genetic and epigenetic changes that promote malignant cell proliferation. The emergence of CRISPR-Cas9, a highly adaptable genome-editing tool, is revolutionizing cancer modeling by facilitating the precise generation of desired genetic mutations.
Objective: This study explores the efficacy of CRISPR-Cas9 in developing cellular and animal cancer models, correcting oncogenic mutations, and advancing cancer therapeutics through gene editing.
Methods: The CRISPR-Cas9 system was employed to introduce specific genetic alterations in cellular and animal models. These models were then used to simulate the complex interactions within tumors and to test the effectiveness of gene edits in mitigating cancer traits.
Results: Findings reveal that CRISPR-Cas9 enhanced the precision of anti-cancer treatments, with a significant reduction in tumor viability by up to 60% in treated models. Additionally, genetic corrections of mutated oncogenes achieved an efficiency of approximately 70%, underscoring the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 in targeted cancer therapy.
Conclusion: CRISPR-Cas9 has proven to be a powerful tool for cancer research, offering new avenues for the development of advanced therapeutic strategies. Its ability to modify genetic makeup efficiently holds promise for its integration into clinical settings, though challenges in safety and delivery remain.
Association Between Thyroid Dysfunction Among Pregnant Women with Bad Obstetric History A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Sadaf Zahra  , Saba Qayyum  , Moiz Arshad Chohan  , Atif Amin  , Muhammad Essa  , Maira Mansoor  , Bakhtawar Aslam  , Uswah Shoaib  , Behram Khan Ghazi  , Yousuf Rehman Buzdar  , Muhammad Arsalan Iftikhar  , Hafiz Muhammad Usman Abid  , Umair Khurshid
Published: June 2024

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is increasingly prevalent globally, particularly in developing countries where dietary and hygiene practices during pregnancy contribute to its incidence. This condition significantly affects maternal and fetal health, necessitating closer examination, especially in populations with adverse obstetric histories.
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among pregnant women with a history of adverse obstetric outcomes and to underscore the necessity for targeted screening and management strategies.
Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 260 pregnant women aged 18 to 40 with a history of poor obstetric outcomes. Participants were selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. After obtaining informed consent, demographic data were collected, and thyroid function was assessed by measuring TSH, T3, and T4 levels in a hospital laboratory. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16.0, utilizing means and standard deviations for quantitative data and frequencies and percentages for qualitative data.
Results: The average age of participants was 30.31 ± 3.11 years. Mean thyroid hormone levels were recorded at T4: 1.84 ± 1.12 and TSH: 4.32 ± 0.91. Thyroid dysfunction was identified in 45.4% of the women, with 65.2% having subclinical hypothyroidism and 34.7% exhibiting subclinical hyperthyroidism among those diagnosed.
Conclusion: The study highlights a significant prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women with poor obstetric histories, indicating a critical need for comprehensive screening and tailored management to improve maternal and fetal health outcomes.
Safety of Ticagrelor in Post – PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Hasan Salman , Fawad Ahmad , Mehr Muhammad Tariq , Hassan Sana , Aslam Zamina , Khan Idrees , Ali Amjad
Published: June 2024

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, despite advances in diagnosis and management. In acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, the combination of aspirin and clopidogrel is the standard therapy against recurrent cardiovascular events. However, clopidogrel has a delayed onset and variability in platelet response.
Objective: To examine the safety profile of ticagrelor in post-PCI patients at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, North-West General Hospital, Peshawar, from 1st April 2023 to 31st March 2024. Patients aged 30 to 80 years who underwent PCI and were started on ticagrelor were included. Baseline data such as age, gender, BMI, and cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus) were collected. Patients received a loading dose of ticagrelor 180 mg orally followed by 90 mg twice daily. Adverse effects, including bleeding, dyspnea, and arrhythmias, were evaluated within 24 hours and at one-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25, with categorical variables presented as frequencies and percentages, and quantitative variables as means and standard deviations.
Results: A total of 137 post-PCI patients participated in the study, with a mean age of 58 ± 10 years. The cohort included 85 men (62%) and 52 women (38%). The average BMI was 27.5 ± 3.5 kg/m². Risk factors included smoking (30%), hypertension (45%), and diabetes mellitus (25%). Within 24 hours, minor bleeding occurred in 10 patients (7.3%), dyspnea in 15 patients (10.9%), and arrhythmias in 4 patients (2.9%). At the one-month follow-up, minor bleeding was observed in 12 patients (8.8%), major bleeding in 2 patients (1.5%), dyspnea in 18 patients (13.1%), and arrhythmias in 5 patients (3.6%).
Conclusion: The study supports the safety of ticagrelor as an antiplatelet therapy in post-PCI patients, with manageable adverse effects. However, careful monitoring for complications such as bleeding, dyspnea, and arrhythmias is recommended.
Effect of Incubation Time on Zone Size of Antimicrobials by Disk Diffusion Method for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Authors: Aslam Mehwish Saba , Muhammad Abid Farooque  , Faiqa Imran  , Quratulain Mati  , Aneela Khawaja  , Nusrat
Published: June 2024

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a prominent pathogen in healthcare settings, notorious for its rapid development of resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. Effective susceptibility testing is critical for managing infections caused by this bacterium. This study investigates the impact of varying incubation times on the efficacy of the disk diffusion method.
Objective: To evaluate the influence of incubation time on the zone sizes of antimicrobials against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the disk diffusion method in a tertiary care setting.
Methods: Conducted at the Microbiology Department of Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, from October 2022 to March 2023, this descriptive study included 71 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Samples were inoculated on Mueller Hinton Agar and incubated at 35°C ±2°C for 6, 10, and 24 hours. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using a panel of clinically relevant antibiotics in triplicate, with zone sizes interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.
Results: Among the isolates, 59.15% were from males and 40.85% from females. The most affected age group was 15-60 years, comprising 59.52% of cases. Antimicrobial response varied with incubation times: Ceftazidime, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, and Cefepime showed increased zone sizes over time, while Tobramycin’s zones steadily enlarged. Colistin consistently produced the largest zones at all time points.
Conclusion: The study highlights the significance of incubation time in disk diffusion testing for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Adjusting incubation times can expedite results without incurring additional costs, enhancing the efficiency of antimicrobial susceptibility testing in clinical settings.
Probing the Association of EPCAM Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Genetic Disorders
Authors: Razzaq Fatima , Rashida Naseem
Published: June 2024

Background: Mutations in the EPCAM gene can lead to the absence of this protein from epithelial cell surfaces, resulting in various disorders such as Lynch syndrome, congenital tufting enteropathy, cholestatic liver disease, and a range of cancers. Therefore, analyzing mutations in this gene is significant from diagnostic and prognostic perspectives. This study examines the effect of various mutations in the EPCAM gene on different attributes of the encoded protein.
Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EPCAM gene on the protein's structural and functional properties, aiming to identify potential predictive biomarkers for EPCAM-associated diseases.
Methods: The study focused on the EPCAM gene transcript EPCAM-201, with ENSEMBL transcript ID ENST00000263735.9 and NCBI Reference Sequence NM_002354.3. The gene sequence was retrieved from the NCBI database, and SNPs were selected from the ENSEMBL database. A total of 21 variants were selected to design twenty-one cases. These cases were analyzed using various bioinformatics tools, including EXPASY for nucleotide sequence translation, HOPE server for 3D structure analysis, CELLO2GO for sub-cellular localization, and PROTPARAM for physicochemical parameter prediction. Data collection adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25, with descriptive statistics and appropriate tests to determine the significance of the observed variations.
Results: Analysis revealed that sixteen SNPs, namely rs994384264, rs1280024892, rs1294456118, rs149875996, rs767811939, rs750826481, rs754293486, rs748292053, rs1460762372, rs1294456118, rs149875996, rs754293486, rs748292053, rs771063031, rs776854951, and rs267606785, significantly altered the 3D structure of mutated proteins. Among these SNPs, rs994384264 and rs149875996 also affected the sub-cellular localization of proteins. Additionally, four mutations—rs1280024892, rs1460762372, rs987919056, and rs771029207—caused alterations in extinction coefficient, isoelectric point (pI), aliphatic index, and instability index.
Conclusion: These single nucleotide variants might serve as predictive biomarkers for EPCAM-associated diseases, aiding in diagnosis and prognosis. Variants predicted in this study require further experimental validation to confirm their clinical utility.
The Influence of Vestibular Ocular Motor Dysfunction on Neurocognition Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Naseem Nayab , Saeed Zeeshan , Sadiq Samreen , Siddique Tabeer , Usmani Faheem Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Background: Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at risk of developing a number of complications, among which vestibular impairments are common. Persistent vestibular ocular motor dysfunction (VOMD) leads to impaired neurocognition and is a prognostic factor for worse symptoms and delayed recovery.
Objective: To determine the influence of vestibular ocular motor dysfunction on neurocognition following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Lahore General Hospital. Eighty diagnosed cases of mild traumatic brain injury were recruited based on specific inclusion criteria, including a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13-15, post-traumatic amnesia of less than 24 hours, loss of consciousness for less than 30 minutes, and a positive Vestibular Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Score. Exclusion criteria included patients with open head injuries, fractures, or other medical conditions such as epilepsy and cerebrovascular diseases. Neurocognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with descriptive statistics calculated for demographic variables and inferential statistics used to examine the relationship between VOMD and neurocognitive impairment.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 21.21 ± 2.103 years. Out of the 80 participants, 52 (65%) had impaired neurocognition, while 28 (35%) had normal neurocognition. The MoCA subscales of visuospatial abilities, attention, and abstraction were significantly related to impaired neurocognition. The VOMS subscales, including VOR-Vertical, VOR-Horizontal, and Visual Motion Sensitivity Test, showed significant associations with neurocognitive impairment.
Conclusion: The majority of patients with mild traumatic brain injury exhibited poor neurocognition when the vestibular-ocular motor system was compromised. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating comprehensive vestibular therapy in the treatment of mTBI patients to prevent long-term complications and ensure early recovery.
High Quantitative CRP And Low Albumin as Marker of Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Najeeb Ullah  , Amjad Ali  , Muhammad Ayub
Published: June 2024

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by synovial tissue inflammation, leading to joint damage, pain, and systemic effects.
Objective: To evaluate the utility of high quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP) and low serum albumin levels as markers of disease activity in RA patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Rheumatology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from September 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024. Male and female RA patients aged 18 to 70 years were enrolled. Disease activity was assessed using the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS 28). Serum CRP and albumin levels were measured and compared with DAS28 scores.
Results: A total of 105 patients were included, with a majority being female (n=60, 57.1%). The mean age was 52.4 ± 9.8 years, with most participants aged between 40 and 50 years (n = 35, 33.3%). Elevated CRP levels were associated with increased disease activity, with an odds ratio of 1.82 (95% CI: 1.53 - 2.17, p < 0.001). Conversely, lower albumin levels were linked to higher disease activity, with an odds ratio of 3.47 (95% CI: 4.35 - 2.63, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Serum CRP and albumin levels serve as valuable indicators for assessing disease activity in RA patients, highlighting their potential role in clinical management.