bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Animal Fridays in Robinson Crusoe and Its Afterlives
Authors: Peraldo Emmanuelle
Published: April 2024

Robinson narrates his rescue of Friday in a way that is reminiscent of the saving of the dog ten pages before: he calls them both ‘poor creatures’ and uses non-verbal communication with Friday at first as he does with his ‘pets’: all are discussed and addressed as his ‘subjects’ and possessions, irrespective of their human or non-human bodies. In a number of Robinsonades, the blurred human-animal boundary is translated in the fact that the role of Friday is taken up by an animal, most often a pet, as is the case with Yann Martel’s Life of Pi, in which the tiger, Richard Parker, is subjugated by Pi in a manner reminiscent of imperial control. Following recent critical work on ‘Animal Crusoes’ in children’s Robinsonades as well as the increased interest in ecocritical, posthuman theories and animal studies, this article focuses on animal comparisons and characters as regards Friday in Defoe’s novel and Life of Pi. It shows that while both texts may depict the subjugation of Friday in the context of colonialism and imperialism, they also participate in the breaking down of the absolute boundaries between humans and non-humans and provide a reflection upon and reevaluation of the nature/culture dichotomy.
Cáncer primitivo de vesícula biliar
Authors:   , Marano José Justo
Published: April 2024

El cáncer primitivo de vesícula biliar ocupa el sexto lugar entre los carcinomas primarios del tubo digestivo y órganos accesorios. Sucede en frecuencia al cáncer de estómago; coIon, recto, esófago y páncreas. Corresponde el 2,8 al 6% de la totalidad de las lesiones malignas del sistema biliar extrahepático. El cáncer primitivo de la vesícula biliar con respecto el cáncer primitivo del hígado, es de una frecuencia de dos veces mayor.
Apprendre indéfiniment ? Expansion de l’éducation et précarité de l’avenir
Authors: Broeck Pieter Vanden , Mangez Eric
Published: April 2024

En l’espace de quelques décennies, l’éducation scolaire a connu des changements sémantiques et organisationnels majeurs qui ont vu se diffuser, à côté d’un vocabulaire éducatif ancien et établi, une série de notions, telles que les compétences, les projets, les notions d’apprentissage et d’acquis d’apprentissage (learning ), les mises en situation, l’éducation tout au long de la vie… La plupart des travaux sociologiques qui se sont intéressés à ces évolutions les ont interprétées, dans une perspective critique largement autoproclamée, comme témoignant de l’emprise d’une logique néo-libérale sur l’éducation. Dans cet article, nous suggérons que ces évolutions ne sont pas l’effet d’un tel principe directeur unique, mais qu’elles répondent plutôt à la complexité et à l’incertitude propres au développement d’une société globale fonctionnellement différenciée.
Des questions controversées aux savoirs enseignables
Authors: Lantheaume Françoise
Published: April 2024

Comment des questions controversées sont-elles transformées en savoirs enseignables, intégrées dans un curriculum ? La sociologie du curriculum, inspirée de la sociologie de la traduction, associée à l’histoire, vise à comprendre le processus de construction du curriculum et ses enjeux. Les débats sur des questions controversées en histoire rendent visible ce processus. L’étude de ces controverses, des groupes d’acteurs impliqués et de leurs interactions, des dispositifs et objets qui soutiennent leur action, fait apparaître la fabrique du curriculum comme le résultat d’interactions, d’une circulation des savoirs et de leurs supports dans des réseaux inégalitaires et de plus en plus instables. Ce processus de traduction permanente contribue à donner sa forme et son contenu au curriculum. Une conception moins descendante et plus complexe de la construction du curriculum et du curriculum lui-même en ressort.
Les plans d’études en Suisse : histoire récente d’une construction politique
Authors: Losego Philippe
Published: April 2024

La première évaluation internationale PISA a provoqué en Suisse un mouvement d’harmonisation des plans d’études, fortement lié au souci d’évaluer les systèmes éducatifs cantonaux. Cependant, on constate la persistance d’un modèle francophone plutôt convergent et d’un modèle germanophone plus divergent. Les plans d’études définis par la notion de compétences instaurent une division du travail entre les experts qui définissent ces compétences et les enseignants qui doivent produire la pédagogie afférente.
Faire de la sociologie par-delà les murs du lycée ! En quête d’altérité
Authors: Zanna Omar
Published: April 2024

En portant une attention aux enfants et aux jeunes dans et autour du cadre scolaire, l’objectif des cités éducatives est de transformer en frontières les murs existants entre les acteurs éducatifs afin d’accompagner au mieux chacun jusqu’à son entrée dans la vie active. Parler ici de frontière et non de mur est tout à fait opportun en ce sens où la frontière marque la reconnaissance de l’autre, quand le mur désigne la séparation qui ignore. C’est en partant de cette assertion que nous avons engagé en 2022, avec un groupe de lycéens et leurs enseignantes, une enquête grandeur nature sur le territoire de la cité éducative de Sedan. Les élèves ont commencé à arpenter le terrain d’abord sous forme d’observations, puis d’entretiens auprès des acteurs éducatifs, d’habitants et des élèves afin de saisir la forme du lien social à l’œuvre au sein de la cité éducative. Ce texte retrace cette expérience et discute des vertus sociales et pédagogiques de ce genre de pratique hors les murs.
EXECUTIVE TEAM FAULT LINES AND GREEN INNOVATION PERFORMANCE OF ENTERPRISES - A PERSPECTIVE OF RISK UNDERTAKING
Authors: Xing Wang , Xuan Xiao
Published: April 2024

Environmental pollution and ecological degradation are increasingly becoming urgent global issues, drawing widespread attention. Against this backdrop, how businesses can balance economic benefits with environmental protection to ensure sustainable development has become a pressing issue to address. Green innovation, representing a synergistic blend of "innovation-driven" and "green development," can simultaneously meet the requirements for economic growth and ecological environmental protection. In the process of driving green innovation, the executive team plays a crucial role. As the heart of corporate decision-making and execution, the internal differentiation within the executive team, including physiological fault lines based on gender and age as well as task-related fault lines based on education, function, and tenure, affects the team's collaboration and decision-making efficiency, thereby influencing the implementation and outcomes of green innovation. Green innovation projects often entail high risk, difficulty, and long return cycles.

When making green innovation decisions, a company's insufficient risk-taking capacity may limit its investment and attempts at green innovation. This study, grounded in upper echelon theory and other theoretical frameworks, selects Chinese manufacturing companies listed from 2015 to 2022 as research subjects. From the perspective of corporate risk-taking, it delves into how physiological and task-related fault lines within the executive team affect green innovation performance by influencing the company's capacity for risk-taking. The research findings indicate that rational configuration and effective risk management by the executive team are crucial for promoting green innovation within a company, offering theoretical and practical guidance for achieving sustainable development.
INFLUENCE OF JOB RESOURCES OF LOCAL UNIVERSITY MUSIC TEACHERS ON WORK ENGAGEMENT IN CHINA
Authors: Liang Ying , Nukulkij Dheetawat
Published: April 2024

This study explored the influence of the job resources of local college music teachers on work engagement, examined the role of self-efficacy as a mediating variable, and used universities in Shanxi Province as experimental subjects. The results suggest that job resources have a positive effect on work engagement, while self-efficacy is mediated between the two. Moreover, self-efficacy has a direct impact on work engagement, which maintains high levels even in the absence of job resources. These findings are of great significance for improving the work engagement of music teachers in colleges and universities and provide theoretical support and practical guidance for improving teaching quality and teachers' career development. By paying attention to and meeting the needs of teachers 'job resources, stimulating teachers' self-efficacy, which can help to promote their work engagement, and then improving the quality of teaching and students' academic achievement, In addition, we can draw some practical suggestions from the results of this study to help college music teachers improve their work efficiency and teaching quality.
EFFECTS OF AMBIDEXTROUS INNOVATION ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CUSTOMER ORIENTATION
Authors: Liu Junlong , Guo Hui , Nachiangmai Suprawin
Published: April 2024

In this study, the core conceptual framework was constructed by introducing the following demographic variables: firm size, type of firm, and firm turnover, with firm performance as the dependent variable and ambitious innovation as the independent variable. Attempting to analyze the difference in mean values of respondents' perceptions of demographic variables grouped in the independent variable ambidextrous innovation and the dependent variable firm performance and the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable, the study proposes the following research hypotheses H1: Ambidextrous innovation positively influences firm performance. H2: Customer orientation mediates the relationship between ambitious innovation and firm performance. H2a: Dimensions of Ambidextrous Innovation, such as structural, contextual, sequential, and synchronicity, have different effects on customer orientation. H2b: Customer orientation has a significant effect on firm performance. H3: There is a significant difference between different demographic variables on ambidextrous innovation, firm performance, and customer orientation. And taking Beijing as a case study, in the overall study, the sample size was calculated. In this study, 410 questionnaires were distributed using the random sampling method, 500 questionnaires were distributed using the questionnaire star, and 410 questionnaires were returned, with an 82% response rate.
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE MECHANISM OF INCLUSIVE LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEES’ SILENT BEHAVIOR
Authors: Xuan Zong
Published: April 2024

According to the social theory of exchange, we look into how inclusive leadership affects employees' quiet behavior. We also look into how psychological safety, power distance orientation, and active personality play a part in these relationships. The structural equation model analysis of 343 data obtained from three tracking surveys found that: inclusive leaders have a significant negative effect on employee silent behavior; inclusive leadership has a significant positive impact on employees' psychological security; there is a significant negative relationship between psychological security and employees' silent behavior; and psychological security plays an intermediary role between inclusive leadership and employees' silent behavior. The power distance orientation of employees has a negative regulatory effect on the relationship between inclusive leaders and their psychological safety. In other words, employees with a high power-distance orientation experience a weakened positive impact from inclusive leadership on their psychological safety. For employees with a low power-distance orientation, inclusive leadership has a more significant positive impact on employees' psychological safety. The proactive personality of an employee can strengthen the connection between psychological safety and silent behavior. This means that employees with high initiative will experience a greater negative impact from psychological security on silent behavior, while those with low initiative will experience a less significant negative impact.
NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS ASSESSMENT: SEARCHING FOR AN ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Albekova Seda A.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of applying the author's methodology for assessing national competitiveness, based on an analysis of the effectiveness of macroeconomic systems in the operation of nine main growth factors in relation to 91 states in the period from 2003 to 2021. The results obtained demonstrate certain discrepancies with the data of international ratings of national competitiveness; however, they reflect the author’s concept of its assessment, which implies the effectiveness of the marketization of natural, human, and financial capital by macroeconomic systems and not the infrastructural and institutional quality of the latter.
Impacto da COVID-19 nos procedimentos odontológicos do Sistema Único de Saúde em Manhuaçu
Authors: Souza Patrícia Vitor de , Mendes Roberta Janaína  Soares , Martins-Pfeifer Carolina Castro , Dornelas da Silva Lucas , Silva Lucas Dornelas da , Pascon Fernanda Miori , Puppin-Rontani Regina Maria
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 no atendimento odontológico do município de Manhuaçu/MG.
Métodos: Coletou-se dados secundários por meio do software Sidim Saúde Pública dos procedimentos realizados antes e durante a pandemia. Realizou-se análise descritiva (porcentagens e médias) dos dados obtidos.
Resultados: Os atendimentos de urgência e agendados diminuíram, respectivamente, cerca de 19% e 85%. Antes da pandemia, a média de procedimentos realizados referentes as especialidades dentística (103,4) e periodontia (97,4) eram os mais frequentemente realizados diariamente. No entanto, durante a pandemia, os procedimentos agrupados na categoria “outros” foram mais realizados, seguido por procedimentos de dentística e endodontia. Os procedimentos das especialidades de saúde coletiva, periodontia e dentística tiveram maior redução 100%, 97% e 95% respectivamente.
Conclusão: A COVID-19 causou impacto significante nos atendimentos e procedimentos preventivos e curativos de eleição realizados pela equipe de saúde bucal em Manhuaçu.
Integration of ferroelectric devices for advanced in-memory computing concepts
Authors: Seidel Konrad , Lehninger David , Sünbül Ayse , Hoffmann Raik , Revello Ricardo , Yadav Nandakishor , Vardar Alptekin , Landwehr Matthias , Heinig Andreas , Mähne Hannes , Bernert Kerstin , Thiem Steffen , Kämpfe Thomas , Lederer Maximilian
Published: April 2024

In this work the integration of ferroelectric (FE) devices for advanced in-memory computing applications is demonstrated based on the FeMFET memory cell concept. In contrast to FeFET having the FE layer directly embedded in the gate-stack, the FeMFET consists of a separated ferroelectric capacitor which can be integrated in the chip-interconnect layers. Optimization of the FE material stack under such lower thermal budget constraints will be discussed as well as the significant performance improvement and reduction of variability by application of superlattice FE-stacks and further optimization knobs. The low memory state variability is important for accurate multiply-accumulate (MAC) operation. Such improvements are demonstrated on a memory array test chip including functional verification of MAC operation along a FeMFET-based array column with good accuracy over high dynamic current range.
Surface activation of n-type AlGaN with cesium and oxygen to enhance thermionic emission
Authors: Namura Kai , Kimura Shigeya , Miyazaki Hisao , Ogino Akihisa
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to enhance the characteristics of thermionic emission of AlGaN surface through surface control employing cesium (Cs) and oxygen. Cs-deposited AlGaN has significant applications in thermionic energy converters. However, as the emitter temperature increases, the thermal desorption of Cs from AlGaN surface increases, resulting in a decrease in the thermionic emission current. Therefore, focusing on the high affinity between Cs and oxygen, we investigated the possibility of suppressing thermal desorption by depositing Cs and oxygen on AlGaN surface. The thermionic emission current measured when Cs and oxygen were alternately deposited on AlGaN surface was 1.9 × 10−3 A cm−2 at 500 °C. The thermionic emission current was significantly higher than that obtained with Cs-only deposition (2.0 × 10−5 A cm−2). In addition, we attempted to reproduce the effect of dynamic surface changes on thermionic emission employing a new thermionic emission model (modified Richardson–Dushman model) that considers the correlation between a specific surface reconstruction phase and its thermionic emission component. The results suggest that the adsorbed component of Cs-deposited AlGaN exhibits three Cs adsorption sites with different desorption energies, while the adsorbed component of Cs/O2 co-deposited AlGaN exhibits at least four Cs adsorption sites with different desorption energies. It is suggested that the increase in adsorption components with higher desorption energies, caused by the deposition of oxygen, may have reduced the thermal desorption and improved Cs coverage and stability.
Evaluation of extremely thin polycrystalline germanium films and their TFT performance fabricated at 400 °C by Cu-induced crystallization on a glass substrate
Authors: Suzuki Sho , Hara Akito
Published: April 2024

Germanium (Ge) has high mobility and is more suitable for low-temperature device processes than silicon (Si); thus, it has attracted attention as an upper-layer transistor for monolithic three-dimensional (M3D) integration. We evaluated in detail the crystalline quality of extremely thin polycrystalline-Ge (poly-Ge) thin films thinner than 15 nm fabricated by metal-induced crystallization using copper (Cu-MIC) at 400 °C using micro-Raman scattering, in-plane X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), TEM energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and TEM electron diffraction. Additionally, the films were applied to p-ch double-gate (DG) poly-Ge thin-film transistors (TFTs), and their performance was evaluated. As a result, a high I
on/I
off ratio of 2.8 × 103 was realized by crystallization at 400 °C with a ratio equal to that of crystallization at 500 °C. This study demonstrated the feasibility of Cu-MIC DG poly-Ge TFTs for M3D applications.
Economisch belang en persoonlijk voorkeur
Authors: Pusztai Gábor
Published: April 2024

The Dutch writer Madelon Székely-Lulofs and her husband László Székely played a veryimportant role in the cultural transfer between the Netherlands and Hungary in the thirtiesof the 20th century. They have translated several works of Dutch and Hungarian writersand wrote novels about the Dutch-East Indies. They chose writers who were successfuland well-known for their translations. Commercial success and personal interests alsoplayed a role in their choice of works to translate. As a results the works of Lajos Kassák,Sándor Márai, Ferenc Molnár, Lajos Zilahy, Jolán Földes, Mihály Földi, Zsolt Harsányi,Ferenc Körmendi and Gábor Vaszary were translated in Dutch. Books of Piet Bakker, Jande Hartog, Ary den Hertog, Klaas Nore and Anton Coolen were translated in Hungarian.
AVALIAÇÃO DE ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DO SOLO EM ÁREAS SOB DIFERENTES USOS E MANEJOS NA BACIA DO RIO DOCE
Authors: Martins Rafael Lozer , Soares de Souza Gustavo , Sarnaglia Gildásio Ribeiro , Fonseca Sara Botti , Gonçalves Petterson Teixeira , Pinho Leandro Glaydson da Rocha
Published: April 2024

As áreas de preservação permanente, definidas pela lei brasileira, são fundamentais para a proteção dos recursos hídricos e ambientais. A substituição das áreas de mata nativa do bioma Mata Atlântica por distintos tipos de manejos agrícolas contribui para a degradação do solo e, identificar os manejos com menor impacto no solo constitui-se uma necessidade atual na bacia do Rio Doce. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar atributos físicos do solo em diferentes tipos de uso e manejo, no Ifes Campus Itapina, localizado às margens do Rio Doce. Os tipos de uso e manejo avaliados foram: 1- milho forrageiro, 2-culturas anuais em rotação, 3- bananeiral, 4- cafezal, 5- pastagem e 6- mata nativa. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em cilindros volumétricos na camada de 0,00-0,10 m para determinação de atributos físicos: densidade do solo e porosidade total. As amostras deformadas de solo foram coletadas para determinar as frações granulométricas, argila dispersa em água e grau de floculação. Amostras de estrutura preservada foram coletadas para medição dos índices de agregação. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística considerando um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. O manejo com milho forrageiro apresentou maior densidade do solo e argila dispersa em água e menor porosidade total. O manejo com milho forrageiro e culturas anuais em rotação apresentaram os maiores valores de diâmetro médio ponderado. As áreas que passaram por diversas intervenções antrópicas com práticas de manejo agrícola questionáveis apresentaram uma redução na qualidade física do solo em comparação à mata nativa, o que pode contribuir para o aumento da degradação do solo no Rio Doce.
BIOSOLUBLE MAGNESIUM-BASED ALLOYS FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS
Authors: Greshta Viktor , Shalomeev Vadim , Tkach Daria , Pavlenko Dmytro , Brykov Mykhaylo , Yastsun Yevhen , Zhukova Nataliia
Published: April 2024

The impact of micro-alloying of AZ91 and NZ30K magnesium alloys with silver and scandium to produce biosoluble implants for osteosynthesis is studied in the paper. The application of these alloys is limited due to the significant reduction of the mechanical properties of magnesium during the regeneration of fractures.  It was found that the higher the concentration of the above-mentioned elements, the bigger the amount of intermetalloids that appear and the smaller they become. There were different mechanical properties observed at the sample cross-section, but the difference was successfully eliminated by thermal treatment. It reduced the chemical heterogeneity of the workpiece at the cross-section and, respectively, the value of micro-hardness. It is shown that microalloying these alloys with 0.05…0.1 % of silver and scandium ensures the grinding of the structural elements of the metal and a significant increase of the set of their properties. The research of the developed alloys showed that NZ30K alloy, which additionally contains 0,05 ... 0,1% of silver, after a three-month treatment with gelofusine saves its mechanical properties like those of the bone tissue. Pre-clinical research revealed that they are non-toxic, have an antibacterial effect and preserve the whole set of properties till the complete fracture consolidation.
Incidência de internações por Alzheimer durante a pandemia de COVID-19: Uma perspectiva emergente da região Norte do Brasil
Authors: Capelli Luana Borges , Brito Wandemario Lira de , Maia Kethely Araujo , Freitas Luana Pazoto de , Cortez Camila Mirelle Magri , Barbosa Vinicius Cruz , Moia Lucas Salvadego , Galúcio Gabriela de Lima , Anese Douglas , Ditzel Amanda Bassanezi , Zanatta Livia , Oliveira Maria Paula Bianchim , Aquino Natalia Jaworski , Franco Amanda Lima , Gomes Manuela Meira Lobato , Aragão Elane Frota , Pereira-Silva Jordam William , Rolim Ricardo Lucena
Published: April 2024

O Alzheimer é uma doença neurodegenerativa progressiva e irreversível que afeta milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, impondo um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, de suas famílias e da sociedade em geral. Ao avaliar a incidência de internações por Alzheimer, é possível identificar tendências ao longo do tempo, grupos populacionais mais afetados e possíveis disparidades geográficas. Esse estudo não só nos fornece informações valiosas sobre a taxas das internações, mas também ajuda a direcionar recursos de saúde de maneira mais eficaz. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi traçar um perfil epidemiológico e analisar a influência da pandemia de COVID-19 nas internações causadas por Alzheimer na região norte do Brasil, no período de 2018 a 2022. Trata-se de um estudo de série temporal sobre as internações registradas no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH/SUS), disponível na plataforma do DATASUS. Os pacientes selecionados foram indivíduos internados por Alzheimer entre janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2022 na região norte do Brasil, com objetivo de avaliar o efeito da pandemia de COVID-19 nas internações hospitalares. Nesse trabalho, descrevemos um aumento de 19% nas internações hospitalares causadas por Alzheimer durante a pandemia de COVID-19, na região norte do Brasil. O estado de Rondônia foi responsável pela maioria das internações. Além disso, foi possível identificar que mulheres, pardas com 80 anos ou mais, foram as mais acometidas. O aumento das internações por Alzheimer durante a pandemia de COVID-19 representa um desafio significativo para o sistema de saúde e evidência as complexidades adicionais enfrentadas por essa população vulnerável.
Immanuel Kant, un universo en perspectiva
Authors: Teruel Pedro Jesús
Published: April 2024

Reseña de: Marcus Willaschek, Kant. Die Revolution des Denkens. Múnich, C. H. Beck, 2023. 430 pp.
PROGRAMA MAIS MÉDICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Soares Wellington Danilo , Costa Luís Felipe Marinho , Freitas Carina Silva de , Freitas Daniel Antunes , Dos Anjos Evandro Barbosa , Ferreira Junior Silvio , Fahel Murilo Cássio Xavier
Published: April 2024

O cenário de escassez de médicos no Brasil não é recente e é considerado um dos fatores limitadores para o acesso universal aos serviços de saúde. Nesse sentido, o Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) foi criado em 2013 pelo Governo Federal com o intuito de fortalecer a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no país. Dessa forma, este artigo apresenta uma revisão integrativa para analisar os resultados do PMM. Sob o aspecto metodológico, seguiu o modelo PRISMA de realização de revisões sistemáticas. A seleção final dos artigos utilizados seguiu critérios baseados na seguinte questão norteadora: “Quais foram os resultados do Programa Mais Médicos?”. Foram selecionados 18 artigos que compuseram a revisão. A discussão norteou-se por meio dos tópicos: Provimento profissional; Formação Médica; Indicadores de saúde e Opinião de usuários e profissionais. O PMM mostrou-se como política efetiva, segundo os estudos avaliados, demonstrando melhores indicadores demográficos e de saúde no período de atuação do programa.
Evidence review: The primary prevention of mental health conditions
Authors:   VicHealth
Published: April 2024

For policymakers, researchers and health promotion practitioners
Second- and third-line treatment agents in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH): Where do we stand?
Authors: Arvaniti Pinelopi , Olivas Ignasi , Rodriguez-Tajes Sergio , Dalekos George N. , Londoño Maria-Carlota
Published: April 2024

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease of unknown aetiology that can lead to end stage liver disease if left without treatment. Corticosteroids with or without azathioprine (AZA) are considered the recommended standard first-line treatment option for the induction and maintenance of remission. The aim of treatment is to achieve complete biochemical response (CBR), defined by normal transaminases and immunoglobulin G (IgG) within 6–12 months after treatment initiation. However, response rates to standard treatment vary widely as approximately 10–25% of cases develop intolerance, insufficient response, or rarely non-response to AZA. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an effective and safe alternative first-line treatment in AIH, based on its high rates of CBR among treatment-naive patients, but can also be considered as second-line drug in patients with poor response or intolerance to AZA. However, even after the administration of second line treatment there is a small proportion of patients with refractory disease that bear the highest probability of developing decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. For this difficult to treat subgroup of patients third-line treatments are warranted. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence on second- and third-line therapies for AIH, as well as, to set the background for future perspectives on safer and more efficient treatment strategies.
Problems and Challenges of Digitalization for University Staff. The Case of the University of Tirana
Authors: Keta Majlinda , Sinaj Valentina
Published: April 2024

During this dynamic period, digital technology is being rapidly applied in education, enabling innovative methods for the development of the university institution, teaching, knowledge assessment, institutional communication, and communication between educators, administrative staff, and students, as well as serving as an international ranking standard. In this regard, the University of Tirana has initiated the digital transformation process, which was deeply understood and significantly accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is going on in conformity with the growth and increase of investments closely connected with continuous technological developments side by side with the investments for the qualification of human resources, which serve and benefit this professional community as well as the improvement in the fields of Law and Administration based on the standards of digital ethics. Being the biggest university community in Albania, it has become a necessity to build a survival, friendly welcoming, just safe, and life-sustaining digital community. This is the key to solving the educational and administrative problems facing students, and academic and administrative staff. Besides being a vision for the University's development, it is an ethical vision as well. Moreover, it stands as an ethical challenge. This work based on the data from the study “Digital Ethics, Humane and Institutional Agora and the University of Tirana” aims at exploring the impact of age on digital ethics, both for the academic and support staff at the University of Tirana, with a special focus on staff aged 45 and above. Data from a survey conducted in the November-December 2022 period have been used, involving 315 educators out of a total of 746 and 214 support staff out of 334 to achieve at least 95% reliability. The data was based on half-structured interviews focusing on groups composed of university academic and administrative staff. Descriptive and inferential analyses using the chi-square test for independence have been used to determine whether age influences the following, for academic and administrative staff: 1. accurate knowledge of digital ethics, 2. responsible use of digital tools, 3. trust in UT in using and preserving information for students and academic staff, 4. security issues, and 5. efforts to enhance awareness of keeping pace with the time in the university environment. This work aims to address the issues that have arisen to take specific measures by the responsible authorities to increase knowledge about digital ethics at all levels, actors, and factors, within UT.
Urban Air Pollution by Laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and Simplified Numerical Modeling of Gas Pollution in Urban Canyon
Authors: Petrus Mioara , Popa Cristina , Bratu Ana-Maria
Published: April 2024

With rapid urbanization and industrialization, atmospheric pollution has emerged as a significant environmental challenge in Romania. Employing a laser photoacoustic spectroscopy detector, researchers analyzed ethylene, benzene, and toluene simultaneously across three distinct environmental settings in the country's southern region. This investigation spanned from March to August 2021, covering both spring and summer seasons. Measurements were taken at a breathing height of 1.5 meters above ground level. The highest concentrations of ethylene (116.82 ± 82.37 ppb), benzene (1.13 ± 0.32 ppb), and toluene (5.48 ± 3.27 ppb) were recorded at measurement point P1, situated within the city amidst residential buildings during the summer season. Additionally, the highest ozone levels (154.75 ± 68.02 ppb) were observed at point P3, located in an industrial area, during the summer. The behavior of gas concentrations is influenced by meteorological factors such as temperature, wind speed, and direction. The high toluene/benzene ratio suggests that traffic and industrial emissions are the primary sources of these pollutants. Notably, benzene and ozone concentrations exceeded prescribed limit values based on the measurements. Concurrently, a numerical model was employed to assess the impact of greenery on mitigating pollution in urban canyons. Specifically, the study focused on how wind velocity affects the dispersion of benzene pollutants in a street canyon. This study's governing equations utilized for air pollutant flow were the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations for compressible turbulent flow and moisture transport in air, implemented through Comsol software.
On Generalised Hankel Functions and a Bifurcation of Their Asymptotic Expansion
Authors: Campos L. M. B. C. , Silva M. J. S.
Published: April 2024

The generalised Bessel differential equation has an extra parameter relative to the original Bessel equation and its asymptotic solutions are the generalised Hankel functions of two kinds distinct from the original Hankel functions. The generalised Bessel differential equation of order ν and degree μ reduces to the original Bessel differential equation of order ν for zero degree, μ = 0. In both cases the differential equations have a regular singularity near the origin and the the point at infinity is the other singularity. The point at infinity is an irregular singularity of different degree, namely one for the original and two for the generalised Bessel differential equation. It follows that in the limit of degree being equal to zero the generalised Hankel functions do not converge to the original ones. The implication is that the generalised Bessel differential equation has a Hopf-type bifurcation for the asymptotic solution. In the case of a real variable and parameters the asymptotic solution is: (i) oscillatory when the degree of generalised Hankel function is zero (corresponding in this case to original Hankel functions); (ii) diverging hence unstable for the generalised Hankel functions with positive degree; (iii) decaying hence stable for the generalised Hankel functions with negative degree.
Betadine Dressing Versus Surgical Spirit Dressing in Prevention of Pin Site Infection among the Patients with External Skeletal Fixators
Authors: Laxmi Mani Tudu
Published: April 2024

A quantitative approach and quasi experimental design without control group was under taken in M.K.C.G Medical College and hospital, Berhampur, Ganjam and VSS medical college and hospital, Burla, Sambalpur to compare the effectiveness of betadine dressing versus surgical spirit dressing in prevention of pin site infection among the patients with external skeletal fixators.40 numbers of patients with external skeletal fixatorfrom the orthopaedic department of both the hospitals were selected by non probability convenient sampling technique. Observation check list and Rating scale were used to collect data and collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that a significant difference in the level of pin site infection before and after antiseptic dressing in both the experimental group. The result showed that antiseptic pin site care of external skeletal fixator is definite role in reducing severity of pin site infection. It is also revealed that betadin wound dressing is much more effective in prevention of pin site infection among the patients with external fixator.
A Study to Assess the Impact of Pathological Jaundice on Development during Early Childhood at Selected Hospitals, Puducherry, India
Authors: V R Selvaambigai
Published: April 2024

Infants are important vulnerable groups in the segment of population and they are the determinants of health of nation. The future of the country depends on the care given to children. Jaundice is considered pathologic if it presents within the first 24 hours after birth, the total serum bilirubin level rises by more than 5 mg per dL (86 mol per L) per day or is higher than 17 mg per dL (290 mol per L), or an infant has signs and symptoms suggestive of serious illness. The present study aimed to assess the development among infants affected with pathological jaundice at selected hospital in puducherry. A descriptive research design was used and the study was carried out, 300 infants affected with pathological jaundice during newborn life were selected as the study sample using convenient sampling technique. The tools used for the data collection included newborn assessment tool, ages and stages questionnaire. Ages and stages questionnaire is a standardized questionnaire used worldwide to assess the development of children at all level of ages. Newborns with pathological jaundice were assessed for their growth. The newborns were followed during their regular visit to well-baby clinic, there development were assessed at 1 months (early infancy )and again at 12 months(late infancy) .On association between the early and late infants development, it was found that there was improvement in development between them which stated that there was impact of pathological jaundice on the development during early infancy whereas during late infancy they caught with the normal development showing improvement in overall domains. As per the statistical result, the calculated chisquare value was significant at 0.01 level (p<0.001).
Investigating acoustic numerosity illusions in professional musicians
Authors: Pecunioso Alessandra , Spoto Andrea , Agrillo Christian
Published: April 2024

Various studies have reported an association between musical expertise and enhanced visuospatial and mathematical abilities. A recent work tested the susceptibility of musicians and nonmusicians to the Solitaire numerosity illusion finding that also perceptual biases underlying numerical estimation are influenced by long-term music training. However, the potential link between musical expertise and different perceptual mechanisms of quantitative estimation may be either limited to the visual modality or universal (i.e., modality independent). We addressed this question by developing an acoustic version of the Solitaire illusion. Professional musicians and nonmusicians listened to audio file recordings of piano and trombone notes and were required to estimate the number of piano notes. The stimuli were arranged to form test trials, with piano and trombone notes arranged in a way to form the Solitaire pattern, and control trials, with randomly located notes to assess their quantitative abilities in the acoustic modality. In the control trials, musicians were more accurate in numerical estimation than nonmusicians. In the presence of illusory patterns, nonmusicians differed from musicians in the esteem of regularly arranged vs. randomly arranged notes. This suggests that the association between long-term musical training and different perceptual mechanisms underlying numerical estimation may not be confined to the visual modality. However, neither musicians nor nonmusicians seemed to be susceptible to the acoustic version of the Solitaire illusion, suggesting that the emergence of this illusion may be stimulus and task-dependent.
DATA SECURITY IN BIG DATA: CHALLENGES, STRATEGIES, AND FUTURE TRENDS
Authors: ADENUBI ADEOLA OLADELE , P. ODUROYE AYORINDE
Published: April 2024

In the dynamic landscape of big data analytics, this paper explores the critical dimension of data security, addressing challenges, strategies, and emerging trends. Recognizing the exponential growth and complexity of big data, the study delves into the multifaceted challenges posed by its volume, velocity, and variety. Through an extensive literature review, this paper provides an overview of existing studies on data security in big data environments, highlighting the current gaps in understanding. The paper then evaluates strategies employed to fortify data security, emphasizing encryption techniques, access controls, and authentication mechanisms. Drawing insights from real-world case studies, it showcases successful implementations of these strategies, providing practical examples for organizations navigating the intricacies of big data security. As technology continues to evolve, the paper investigates emerging trends in data security, such as the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning for advanced threat detection, the potential of blockchain for enhancing data integrity, and the adoption of zero-trust architectures. The analysis includes a discussion on the implications of these technologies on the future of data security in big data environments. The methodology section outlines the research design and data collection methods, setting the foundation for the subsequent results and discussion. The results section summarizes key findings, addressing the effectiveness of current strategies and technologies in mitigating data security risks. The discussion section critically analyses the implications of these findings, identifying potential areas for future research and improvement. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive examination of data security in the era of big data, offering valuable insights for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers. By addressing challenges, evaluating strategies, and anticipating future trends, the study contributes to the ongoing discourse surrounding the intersection of data security and big data analytics.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF CHILDREN USING ELECTRONIC MEDIA
Authors: ZAIDI IDRIS NOR , HALABI AZAHARI MUSTAFFA
Published: April 2024

Electronic media use by kids has been thoroughly investigated, and the results indicate that it has a substantial impact on their growth and welfare. Excessive exposure to electronic media, especially in preschoolers, has been linked to a number of detrimental effects, including problems with cognitive, social, and physical development. et al., Ibrahim (2022). Research has indicated the significance of comprehending the long-term relationships between media consumption and behavior in preschoolers, given that the use of electronic media has been connected to behavioral issues in kids (Poulain et al., 2018). Furthermore, studies have shown how electronic media influences kids' language and social abilities, highlighting the importance of taking into account how media usage impacts several facets of kids' development (Loquias, 2022). Additionally, children's usage of electronic media can affect their sleeping habits, which may result in shorter sleep duration and disturbed sleep patterns (Lund et al., 2021). Research has shown that children who are exposed to too much media may have trouble falling asleep and have poor quality sleep, which emphasizes the need of controlling and observing children's media consumption in order to encourage good sleep practices (Lund et al., 2021). It is imperative to acknowledge the detrimental impacts of electronic media on the welfare of children and implement measures to alleviate these consequences (Hinkley et al., 2014). In addition, study has examined the impact of electronic media on kids' social development, looking at the relationship between kids' communication outcomes and screen media usage (Ambrose et al., 2014). Given that parental media consumption might affect children's familiarity with and usage of electronic media, parental engagement in influencing their media consumption is important (Nikken, 2017).In addition, study has examined the impact of electronic media on kids' social development, looking at the relationship between kids' communication outcomes and screen media usage (Ambrose et al., 2014). Given that parental media consumption might affect children's familiarity with and usage of electronic media, parental engagement in influencing their media consumption is important (Nikken, 2017).
SCENARIO OF FEMALE TRAFFICKING IN NEPAL
Authors: SHAHI HARI BHAKTA
Published: April 2024

Nepal is poor country situated between two large countries. Emoloyment opportunity is highly challenging in Nepal. All the goods and commodities are brought from foreign land. Urbanization and privatization is slow in Nepal. In this context, the Nepali society is highly dependent. On the other hand foreign employment, urban stay, better life are main ambiguous of Nepali society. Illegal brokers trapped rural female by saying to manage all above things and fake documents. Female trafficking in Nepal due to their own relatives in periphery of Kathmandu. The main cause of female trafficking are poverty, unemployment, high ambiguous, better life, search of job opportunity, dwell in town. Copy other faction, unawareness, easily trust in other, family careless and weak state. The government does not initiate or lead efforts for rescue and rehabilitation. Nearly all of the interviewees said that people had a bad impression of them when they returned to society. Weak state means weak policy implementation. In Nepal, there is a lot of girl trafficking.
Imaginarios sociales de terapeutas tradicionales amuzgos acerca de la COVID-19
Authors: Tascón Mendoza José Antonio , Contreras Landgrave Georgina , Ibarra Espinosa Manuel Leonardo , Casas Patiño Donovan
Published: April 2024

Diversas causas estructurales, pero principalmente determinantes culturales, originan antagonismo entre las concepciones médicas indígenas y la biomedicina. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las ideas y creencias de terapeutas tradicionales indígenas amuzgos del municipio de Xochistlahuaca, Guerrero, sobre la COVID-19. La investigación es cualitativa, de tipo descriptiva, exploratoria y prospectiva. Se diseñó y aplicó una guía de entrevista semiestructurada, a tres terapeutas tradicionales indígenas, utilizando el método etnográfico para el acopio de información. El análisis de la información se sustenta en la teoría del imaginario social de Cornelius Castoriadis. Resultados: los terapeutas tradicionales niegan la existencia de la COVID-19 y aseguran que esta enfermedad corresponde a padecimientos que conocen y saben tratar, denominados “mal aire” y “nagual”. Conclusiones: ante la poca presencia de los servicios de salud en comunidades indígenas, los terapeutas enfrentan la pandemia y se sitúan como proveedores de atención médica y operadores de significaciones imaginarias sociales. A través de los imaginarios sociales amuzgos, se trastoca la relación hegemónica de la biomedicina sobre la medicina tradicional, pues ésta reinterpreta la COVID-19, desplaza su denominación científica y establece sus propios tratamientos.
Incidencia de Complicaciones Secundarias a Mamoplastia de Aumento en la Población Mexicana Reportadas Durante el Período 2014-2020 en un Hospital Privado De Puebla
Authors: Mares Morales Roberto Carlos , Rodríguez Sánchez Sarahi , Gómez Mondragón Brenda Irani , Silva Campos Irlanda Mariel , Guevara Navarrete César Martin
Published: April 2024

La mamoplastia de aumento es un procedimiento quirúrgico cuya incidencia se ha incrementado, por lo que conocer las complicaciones más frecuentes es fundamental. La complicación más común reportada en la literatura es la contractura capsular. En nuestro medio existe poca información sobre la incidencia de complicaciones primarias y secundarias de la mamoplastia. Objetivo: Identificar la incidencia de complicaciones primarias y secundarias de la mamoplastia de aumento en un hospital privado de Puebla. Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo observacional de expedientes, durante el período 2014-2020, valorando mujeres de 20 a 60 años con antecedente quirúrgico de mamoplastia de aumento. Se tomaron características demográficas de pacientes (edad, peso, comorbilidades) y se valoraron elementos relacionados a complicaciones (calidad de vida, técnica quirúrgica). El análisis estadístico se realizó en el entorno de programación R versión 4.0.4. Resultados: Se encontraron complicaciones secundarias similares a lo reportado a la literatura, siendo las principales complicaciones la contractura capsular y la cicatriz queloide. Conclusión: La incidencia de complicaciones por mamoplastia primarias y secundarias, en una cohorte de población mexicana, es similar a lo reportado a la literatura internacional.