bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examination of the Efficiency of Retrofitting Methods through Fragility Analysis
Authors: KIRÇIL Murat Serdar , KOCABEY Erdem Çağlar
Published: January 2019

Turkey has several devastating earthquakes throughout its history since it is being located in a highly seismically active region. Thus, seismic evaluation and retrofitting of the existing structures to decrease the potential damage of the future earthquakes is an essential part of the earthquake response plans. The aim of this study is to examine the efficiency of widely used two retrofitting methods of existing structures through fragility analysis. Fragility curves are useful tools to show the probability of structural damage due to earthquakes as a function of ground motion indices. Fragility curves of a hypothetical residential building which represents the existing building stock have been generated. Furthermore, fragility curves of two retrofitted building have also been obtained. The first one is a frame with jacketed columns and the second one has additional shear walls to the existing frame. Fragility curves have been obtained based on both local and global damage criteria limits in terms of interstory drift ratio. The obtained damage probabilities have shown that the damage criteria either local or global used for the generation of fragility curves are significantly effective on the results. Differences in damage probability indicate the importance of the damage criteria and corresponding limits used for the determination of damage probability.
Quantization Studies on Sustainable Development in Chinese Urban Sprawl
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Zhou Ying
Published: January 2019

This research explores “urban sprawl” to discover the reasons behind urban land-use changes and urban pattern transformations on a regional level. It begins with definitions of sprawl in Western and Eastern countries, then provides an adequate data analysis: collects related Index for urban sprawl and sustainable development for 15 top urban regions over 10 years (1999, 2004, and 2009), indicates which parameters can be considered as indicators for sustainable development in urban sprawl in China, and points out how these parameters affect the process of urban sprawl in the major cities in China.
Defence Dilemmas of the GCC States – Threats and Military Build-Up
Authors: Czulda Robert
Published: January 2019

Although regional states don`t seek war, it cannot be ruled out that an unfavourable development in the international arena could lead to an unintended outbreak of a full-scale conflict, which would either di­rectly or indirectly involve the Arab monarchies. In response to several threats within their proximity, these states have, for years, been pursuing several initiatives aimed at increasing their deterrence potential and inter­operability in case of a crisis. The main goal of this article is to present and assess the GCC’s threat perception, followed by an analysis of the multilat­eral and unilateral responses. The main research question concerns the de­gree to which the GCC states are able to establish a joint and effective military bloc within the Persian Gulf.
Polygyny Amongst Muslims in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kończak Izabela
Published: January 2019

Polygynous families had been living legally in Russia in the areas inhabited by Muslims from the October Revolution to the mid-twentieth century. However, such a family model was not common among the followers of Islam. An act penalizing bigamy or polygamy was introduced into the Penal Code in 1960. During perestroika, and later changes in the political system, imams who came from abroad began to visit areas inhabited by Muslims. They contributed to the rebirth of religion and promoted the idea of po­lygamy. Polygyny is the visible sign of dissimilarity and Muslim identity and was an important point in their teaching. In this context the number of polygynous relationships in Russia has increased significantly. The article is dedicated to the analysis of social and political discourse in Russia that has been taking place for several years.
Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Engkleng terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Siswa KelaS III Mata Pelajaran Matematika di SDN Bangsa Negara Kabupaten OKU Timur
Authors: Yunita Dedek
Published: January 2019

Pemahaman konsep siswa dapat dilihat dari rata-rata nilai mean hasil belajar siswa kelas kontrol yaitu 72,75 sedangkan nilai mean hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen yaitu 84,73. Kemudian hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan statistik uji “t” diperoleh dalam perhitungan ( = 3, 84) dan besarnya t yang tercantum pada tabel ( = 2, 02) dan ( = 2,71) maka dapat diketahui bahwa  lebih besar ; yaitu 2,02<3, 84>2,71. Karena  lebih besar dari  maka hipotesa nihil yang diajukan ditolak, ini berarti bahwa adanya pengaruh permainan tradisional engklengterhadap pemahaman konsep siswa Kelas IIIpada mata pelajaran matematika di SDN Bangsa Negara OKU Timur.
Community Knowledge, Technology, and Assistance of Stop Open Defecation Program in Dawuhan on 2015
Authors: Nurika Globila
Published: January 2019

Based on data from the Directorate General of Environmental Health in 2006-2014 known that Situbondo triggering activities in 120 villages out of 136 villages, but the number of villages are verified as Open Defecation Free village only one village. The lowest numbers of healthy latrine ownership in 2012 was Situbondo District by 45.96%. Triggers activity of Community Lead Total Sanitation, stop Open Defecation, conducted in the Situbondo District, including in Dawuhan. Dawuhan Village is the lowest number of healthy latrines and the highest number of Open Defecation behavior in the district of Situbondo District. The aim of the study was to evaluate the implementation of stop Open Defecation program in Dawuhan. This was a cross sectional study with quantitative descriptive approach. Subjects were selected by multistage random sampling. Data collection was used questionnaire and observation. The results of this study indicate that government has fulfilled most of the resources needed to carry out the stop Open Defecation program. Otherwise, component not fulfilled yet was efforts to create a conducive environment, an increase sanitary requirement, and increase the provision of sanitation access, the lack of appropriate technology support by the government, lack of community knowledge, and no facilitator assistance. It is concluded that stop Open Defecation program in Dawuhan Village has not reached the maximum level of ODF Village because of community knowladge, technology, and less assistance activities. It is suggested to increase of socialization program, to support the appropriate technology development, and to implement facilitator assistance activity post-triggering activity.
Higiene Sanitation Management of Food and The Existence of Bacteria in The Food in RSUD Dr. Harjono Ponorogo
Authors: Jiastuti Titis
Published: January 2019

Hygienic and healthy food into the basic principles of the organization of food in hospitals. Food service hospital dedicated to the sick and at risk of pathogen contamination of germs. Implementation of food in the hospital must comply with Kepmenkes Decree No. 1204/Menkes/SK/X/2004 on Environmental Health Requirements Hospital. The purpose of this study is the management of food hygiene sanitation Identify at Hospital Dr. Harjono Ponorogo. This study is a descriptive observational. Object of the research officer food handlers, food hygiene, sanitation management, and food microbiological test (examination of E. coli and Salmonella). Collecting data using questionnaires, observation sheets, and test laboratory. Hygiene of food handlers who do not qualify the use of personal protective equipment, training of hygiene sanitation, and health screening. Sanitation management of food that does not qualify the quality of food, the food processing and presentation of food, while 9 samples prepared food laboratory test results 5 (55.6%) positive samples of E. coli. The conclusions in Hospital Dr. Harjono Ponorogo increase efforts to hygiene of food handlers and food sanitation management. Expected medical examination should be routinely expected 2 times a year, improving sanitation facilities that support the management of food hygiene, as well as water proofing regularly twice a year.
Analysis of Dust Concentration, NO2 Concentration, and Pulmonary Disfunction on Woman’s Sweeper in Jalan Ahmad Yani Kota Surabaya
Authors: Zaen Bagus Syahru
Published: January 2019

The lung’s function status is measured by the spirometer & known through value of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). The study aims was to analyze dust and NO2 concentration in ambient and the pulmonary disfunction of woman sweeper in Jalan Ahmad Yani Kota Surabaya. This research was a descriptive with cross sectional design. The research sample was 10 persons who were working as woman’s sweeper in the Jalan Ahmad Yani Kota Surabaya. The variables were the dust and NO2 concentration, individual charactheristics such as age, workdays duration, workyears period, using of Personal Protective Equipment (masks), passive smoker, and body mass index. The study was using interview, pulmonary function test using spirometer, measurement of dust concentration using EPAM 5000, and NO2 concentration using Gravimetry. The result showed that dust concentration on the third location was 1.33 mg/m3 and NO2 concentration on the first location was 103.6 μg/m3. Both of these parameters were above the standard of Peraturan Gubernur Jawa Timur No. 10 tahun 2009. The pulmonary function test was 6 of 10 respondents had pulmonary disfunction which is mild restriction. It was recommended to wear clean mask for woman’s sweeper while working and to consider the workdays duration.
Hidrogen Sulfide Level and Respiratory Complaints of Officer in Garbage Management Super Depo Sutorejo Surabaya
Authors: Putri Giannini Ludrya
Published: January 2019

Garbage is one source of air pollution. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is a result of the decomposition of garbage that has an odor like rotten eggs, that will cause odor in the surrounding area. The respiratory system is the most sensitive organ for H2S in the air, so if exposed to this gas continuously can cause respiratory complaints in humans. The purpose of this study was to analyze the levels of H2S in the Super Depo Sutorejo and respiratory complaints on officers. This study used an observational study with cross-sectional approach. The samples were 21 people. Data were analyzed decriptively. H2S measurements held at two spot in the morning and afternoon. The results showed H2S levels between 0.6 μg/m3 -1,4 μg/m3. The result was still below the quality standard East Java Governor Regulation Number 10 of 2009 which is 42 μg/m3 or 2 ppm. 16 people (76.2%) had experienced respiratory complaints. Perceived respiratory complaints included cough (57.1%), shortness of breath (23.8%) and itchy throat (52.4%). The conclusion of this study was H2S levels in Super Depo Sutorejo still below the quality standard established and the most respiratory complaints suffered by officer was cough.
The Facility's Sanitation Requirements Canteen PT X Based on Regulation of KMK Number 1098, 2003
Authors: Ningrum Yayuk Octaliana
Published: January 2019

One of the efforts in maintaining food hygiene is to pay attention to hygiene and sanitation not only from food but also from the quality of the environment. The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability between food hygiene sanitation conditions with the related regulations that is KMK no. 1098 of 2003 on Hygiene Sanitation Requirements for Restaurants. This research was an observational research that lasted for 5 (five) weeks by doing observation, interview and literature study. The data obtained will be compared with KMK no. 1098 in 2003. Research shows that actual conditions that were not in accordance with regulation numb. 1098 of 2003 on Hygiene Sanitation Requirements for Restaurants, among others the meeting of walls and floors do not form a cone angle, the door that opens in without the protective gauze, washing facilities consist of 1 (one) tub, the condition of the waste bin open, poor ventilation, and food handlers do not use the media when in contact with food.
Concentration of PM2,5 and Characteristic Analysis of Workers with Health Complaints Smoked Fish Workers in Tambak Wedi Village Surabaya
Authors: Nirmala Dwi Sinta , Prasasti Corie Indria
Published: January 2019

Abstract: Smoked fish in Tambak  Wedi village Surabaya  using  coconut shell as the main fuel. Combustion of coconut shell in the process of smoked fish produced pollutants  PM2,5 that can cause health problems for workers.  The purpose of this study  was  to measure the consentration of PM2,5 and identify worker  characteristics that affect  worker  health complaints in the smoked fish Tambak  Wedi Village Surabaya.This study was observational descriptive study used cross sectional design. This study  was  conducted on  June,  2014  by using  questionnaire, interview,  and  observation with the sample was  26 respondents. The independent variables  were  PM2,5, age,  year of works, lenght  of employment, medical history, use  of PPE and work position. PM2,5 measurement using  a Haz-Dust EPAM 5000 for an hour and data collection characteristics of workers  using  a questionnaire and interview method. The results  of the study,  it found  that concentration of PM2,5 at 8 location  of Tambak  Wedi village smoked fish exceed  environmental requirements. Health complaints experienced by workers  in the  form of eye  complaints, highest perceived by workers  were  an eye  sore (100%),  while the  highest respiratory complaints perceived by workers  were  shortness of breath (80.8%).  Worker at smoked fish have chance to get respiratory problems and eye  irritation. The suggestion for workers  must  use  PPE, use chimney and check their health periodically  to health clinics  in Tambak  Wedi Surabaya.Keywords: Smoked  fish, PM2,5, health complaints
The Description of Lung Function Status Among Limestone Milling Industry Workers in Tuban Regency
Authors: Sudrajad Muhammad , Azizah R.
Published: January 2019

Abstract: One of air pollution parameters that are harmful to human health is the amount of dust. The main source of the dust pollutant is a limestone grinding activities. The purpose of this study was to look at the description of workers pulmonary function status, physical quality of the work environment, and respiratory complaints that experienced by workers in the limestone milling industry. This research design was descriptive cross sectional study. All of 12 workers in limestone milling industry were recruited in this study. Physical quality of the environment that have seen was the amount of dust particle, air temperature, humidity, and wind speed. Characteristics and respiratory complaints worker measured by questionnaires. Lung function disorder was measured using spirometry. The result of the physical quality measurement of the environment still met quality standards. Respiratory complaints most experienced by workers was phlegm, cough, cough with phlegm, and cold conditions. A total of 100% workers in production and 83.3% of workers in the packing have impaired lung function. It is concluded that, lung function disorders more experienced workers with the working environment had higher levels of dust and higher temperatures, lower humidity. Judging by the characteristics of workers, impaired lung function more experienced workers by aged 20-29 years and 30-39 years old, have years of service more than 5 years, smoking habits, have normal status nutrition, not wearing protective respiratory tract, and not have a history of lung disease. It is suggested that, the workers with impaired lung function should immediately conductfurther tests to get proper treatment. In addition, workers should always wear respirator while working and quiet from smoking behavior.Keywords: dust particle, lung function status, limestone milling industry workers
Implementation of Good Maufacturing Practices (GMP) in the Kitchen Hospital
Authors: Sari Fitria Novita
Published: January 2019

Abstract: Food safety is one of the important thing in public health improvement in Indonesia. Hospitals are required to keep food safety for patients by conducting the principle Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). The purpose of this research to -identify the application of GMP in Installation Nutrition Hospital. Design of this study was using descriptive research in observational method with cross sectional design. Variables the treatment were the physical building, utility, equipment, storage, and food handlers. Data collection was done by observation and interview. The research results show that the variable subjects enough to fulfi l with Kepmenkes No. 1204 of 2004 and Thaheer, 2008. But there were several that must be considered as location, building, fl oor, ventilation, lighting, kitchens temperature, storage temperature of food that were not appropriate. sorting and processing of solid waste, hand washing facilities, drink water quality, storage temperature of food that were not appropriate, behavior the use of a mask and gloves while working. This suggestion are increase the open window as ventilation, turning lights when a food processing, adding exhauster for good air circulation, do the processing of solid waste, given the tool dryer, controlling at a temperature storage food, health check on rectal swab of food handlers is routinely, and sanctions or fi ne associated disobedience of food handlers in the use of mask and gloves while working.Keywords: Good Manufacturing Practices, food handlers, food safety
Dust (Total Suspended Particulate) Exposure Risk Assessment in Unit Packer PT. X
Authors: Siswati Siswati , Diyanah Khuliyah Candraning
Published: January 2019

Dust (Total Suspended Particulate) is one type of air pollutant that often found. Dust exposure in long time can cause health problems. The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk of dust exposure in the Unit Packer PT X. This research is descriptive using Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA). The variables were dust hazard identiﬁ cation, dose-response analysis, exposure analysis, and risk characteristics. The average dust concentration in Packer Unit 7.01 mg/m3 so it was below the TLV (Threshold Limit Value) of the Health Minister Decree of The Republic of Indonesia No. 1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2002 concerning Requirements and Environmental Health Ofﬁ ce Work Industry. Intake received the largest individual that is on Packer Unit 1 is 0.621 mg/kg/day and RQ > 1, which means the population is has a risk for non-carcinogenic effects in the next 30 years. In addition, the presence of dust in the workplace can cause effects inconvenience in work and when inhaled for a long time can also be a negative impact on the health of the workforce. So that, it needed to control as a preventive measure such as maintain the ﬁ lters dust, reduce the number exposure by wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) such as respirators (anti-dust masker), and reducing the duration of dust exposure such as employee work rotation to other unit.
Effect of Using Hearing Protection and Earphone on Noise Induced Hearing Loss and Tinnitus in Workshop’s Workers
Authors: Syah Putri Berliana
Published: January 2019

Noise exposure can leads to health effect such as Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) and tinnitus. Besides workplace, noise can be obtained from using earphones. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of using hearing protection and earphone on NIHL and tinnitus in workers at PT DPS machine workshop. This was a cross sectional with observational analytic study design. This study was conducted in 37 workers at PT DPS machine workshop exposed to noise by using simple random sampling. Results showed that noise level in workplace was 88,57 dBA (8 hours TWA) which exceed TLV 85 dBA. Prevalence of NIHL and tinnitus in workplace was respectively 21.6% and 54%. NIHL affected by using hearing protection and earphone (MLR, p < 0.01; p < 0.05 respectively) and tinnitus affected by using earphone (MLR, p < 0.01) after controlled by working period. It can be concluded that prevalence of NIHL and tinitus are relatively high, NIHL affected by using hearing protection and earphone while tinnitus affected by using earphone. It is recommended for workers to use hearing protection in noise workplace and to reduce using earphone while PT DPS must provide hearing protection and do brieﬁ ng to increase workers’ awareness about using hearing protection.
Analysis of NH3 Content, Individual Characteristics and Respiratory Scavenger Complaint in Landfills Benowo Rubbish and Not Scavenger Around Landfills Benowo Surabaya
Authors: Dwicahyono Herman Bagus
Published: January 2019

Trash are things that cannot be used or have been dumped which formed by human activities and soiled environment then became source of disease. One of high group that greater affected with trash in final disposal is scavenger because they do some direct contact everyday. This study aims to identify NH3 contents, individual characteristic and respiratory complaint for scavenger. Not only that, but also to analyze respiratory complaint according to individual characteristic. This study is observational with quantitative descriptive study and cross sectional design study. The result shows that trash management in final disposal Benowo Surabaya has been implemented a sanitary landfill system based on Undang-Undang RI No. 18 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah. Kadar gas NH3 under quality standard stated by Governor Regulation East Java No.10 Tahun 2009 is 113.9 μg/Nm3 in final disposal and 28.4 μg/Nm3 in non-final disposal. Result shows that almost all respondent was about 35 to 44 years old with Body Mass Index status is overweight, exposured to passive smokers, and had disease history. Almost 65% of total respiratory complaint was happened with scavenger and 89% with non scavenger. The conclusion is trash management in final disposal Benowo Surabaya has been implemented sanitary landfill system, ambient air measurement with indicator in trash final disposal and non-trash final disposal still under quality standard. Almost all respondent who included in scavenger group and nonscavenger group still have a low respiration complaints. There are differences group based on age between respondent who has low and moderate respiration complaints
Ship Sanitation and Sanitary Behavior of the Crew Influences to the Presence of Rats on Cargo Ship in the Port of Tanjung Perak Surabaya
Authors: Sofiyan Sofiyan , Keman Soedjajadi
Published: January 2019

Sanitary inspection intended to eliminate environmental risk factors in the ships to break the chain disease transmission in order to maintain and enhance the health status. Based on data from 2015 the Port Health Office class I Surabaya, during the ships inspection there are found 23 rats from 2734 ships. The existence of the rats on the cargo ship is very harmful, which can caused disease and damaged food material in cargo ship. The tendency of rats existence on board as media transmission of the disease, is the reason for researchers to identify the level of sanitation review and behavior of crew that affecting the existence of rats on cargo ship in the Port of Tanjung Perak Surabaya. That research aimed to analyze the level of sanitation and behavior of crew that affects the existence of rats. This study was an observational study with cross sectional study design, sampling for ship sanitation in research using accidental sampling, behavior of crew using the proportional random sampling method. The research variables are behavior of crew and ship sanitation. The primary data were collected by observation, indepth interviews, and questionnaires. Secondary data collected from the Port Health Office Class I Surabaya. Statistical test with multiple regression showed that behavior of crew significant effect on the existence of rat in cargo ship. The results using ship sanitation level variables sig. 0.043 means that the behavior of crew variable significant effect on the presence of rats on a cargo ship, while for the ship sanitation variables sig. 0.0002, means that the variable ship sanitation very significantly affected on the presence of rats on a cargo ship. The conclusion of this study be found influences of the ship sanitation and behavior of crew against the presence of rats in cargo ship, so it needs to be disseminated to the crew of cargo ship in order to increase knowledge about ship sanitation, and the health effects of the presence of rats on a cargo ship.
Potential Transmission of Filariasis for Pregnant Women in Subdistrict Muara Pawan, Ketapang District, Province of West Kalimantan
Authors: Arfarisy Nuhdi
Published: January 2019

Filariasis (elephantiasis) is a contagious disease caused by filarial worms that lives in the channel and lymph nodes (lymph) in the human body. The disease in transmitted through mosquito bites. Sub District Muara Pawan in Ketapang district is endemic region of filariasis so than Bulk Drug Prevention (Diethyl Citrate Carbamazine) against the whole of society in needed except in pregnant women because of the side effects of these drugs for pregnant women and fetus. Based on the preliminary survey and information from Ketapang District Office there were a few factors that play a role in the transmission, that were environmental factor and social behavior. This research was a descriptive cross sectional design conducted at Sub District Muara Pawan Ketapang District. Data were collected through observation and interviews. The research objective was a determine the potential transmission of filariasis in pregnant at Sub District Muara Pawan Ketapang District in West Kalimantan. Result showed that finger blood test results conducted on 53 samples of pregnant women did not find microfilaria in the blood. The results of the identification of mosquitoes are found is the dominant mosquito species Anopheles letifer. Results of laboratory tests were conducted by B2P2VRP Salatiga to 399 mosquitoes are not found filarial worms in the body of the mosquito. There are five variables that have the potential for transmission of filariasis in pregnant women in Puskesmas Tanjung Pura Sub Muara Pawan namely the level of knowledge is less (66.0%), there is mosquito habitat (75.5%), there is a place resting mosquitoes (71.7%), the habit of not using anti-mosquito drugs (66.0%), the habit of not using a closed clothes at home (73.6%). The conclusion of this study is the environmental factors and poor public behavior turned out to be very influential on the potential transmission of filariasis incidence in pregnant women.
Free Vibrations of Nanoscale Beam Under Two-Temperature Green and Naghdi Model
Authors: Abbas Ibrahim A.
Published: January 2019

The influence of the coupling between strain rate and temperature becomes domineering in the nanoscale beam. In
this work, the free vibration of nanoscale beam resonators is analysed using Green and Naghdis theorem under the
two-temperature model (2TGNIII). The influence of two-temperature parameters in a nanoscale beam is studied for
beams under simply supported conditions. Exact expressions for frequency shift and the thermoelastic damping
have been derived in the resonator, and calculation outcomes have been presented graphically with respect to
frequency shift, natural frequency, and thermoelastic damping. The scale of length and thickness for a nanobeam
equal to 15 × 10−9 m and equal to 1.3 × 10−12 s for time.
Critical Review on Waqf Experiences: Lessons from Muslim and Non-Muslim
Authors: Kamarubahrin Aimu Fadzirul , Ahmed Ayedh Abdullah Mohammed
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this paper is to critically assess current practices in waqf institution based on Middle East, Asia and some selected non-Muslim countries experience. Muslims countries have their own ways of managing waqf. Some ways are similar to one another and some are different. The methodology used in this study is in depth review analysis of the literature of waqf practices in various countries. The paper could conclude that differences of waqf institution based on legal factors, historic of establishment and current implementation. The paper identifies, that the objective establishment of Waqf institution is benefit to the society and development of the country. This paper is based on critical analysis review of the waqf experiences literature review in selected countries. Future research might integrate this review with empirical methodology. There is a limit number of countries waqf experiences have been included in this study, future research might include more experiences. In term of the implications of findings, it hopes that the findings give more comprehensive and cross countries picture of waqf experience and practice. Which is, it will assist the related waqf regulators in the evaluation process of waqf management practices and determine best practice as well set up a benchmark waqf management practices.

Keywords: 
The Role of Sharia Marketing in Increasing Customer Loyalty (An Empirical Study of BMT in Kudus Regency)
Authors: Rahmawaty Anita
Published: January 2019

This research strives to empirically examine and analyze the influence of syariah marketing and service quality on BMT customer loyalty and satisfaction in Kudus Regency. This study was a survey research that used a quantitative approach. The research data were obtained from 250 BMT customers within Kudus Regency by using an accidental sampling technique. Meanwhile, the data analysis used a path analysis technique. The research findings revealed that: first, sharia marketing has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction; second, service quality has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction; third, sharia marketing has a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty; fourth, service quality has a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty; and fifth, customer satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty.
Characterization of Local Rice, Pegagan (Siputih) on Lowland Swamp Agroecosystems in South Sumatra
Authors: Kodir Kiagus Abdul , Juwita Yuana , Sasmita Priatna
Published: January 2019

The Pegagan rice (Siputih) is one of local rice lowland specific in South Sumatra. This rice is rarely grown by farmers. Identification was carried out at lowland Agroecosystem in Ogan Komering Ilir Distric of South Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to characterize on morphological and agronomic characters. The study was conducted by planting and observing the local rice Pegagan (Siputih) which collected from five different districts (Tanjung Raja, Indralaya, Jejawi, SP Padang, and Kayuagung). All materials were tested using Randomized Block Design Complete with four replications. Each plot size 5 m × 5 m, number of seeds/holes 2–3 rod, a spacing of 25 cm × 25 cm. The characterization was done based on Rice Characterization and Evaluation Guide of the National Commission for Rice Germplasm. Morphological characters were presented in qualitative data and analyzed by Mode (Mo) analysis, while the agronomic characters were showed on quantitative data and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The observation and analysis were indicated that the five local rice Pegagan (Siputih) which collected from 5 different district were showed no diversity, both on morphology and agronomic characters. Paralele on characterization planting, roughing was done and detected 0.15% mixed with others varieties and 1.85% plant have the deviation characters.
Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implants versus Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Treatment in Treating Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Qian , Gao Lixiong , Zhou Lijun , Tian Chunyu , Li Na , Shao Weiyang , Peng Xiujun
Published: January 2019

Background: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common retinal venous disorder that causes vision loss. No specific therapy has been developed. Controversy exists regarding two treatments: intravitreal dexamethasone implants and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The goal of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone implants and anti-VEGF treatment for RVO.
Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies comparing dexamethasone implants with anti-VEGF in patients with RVO. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), intraocular pressure changes, conjunctival haemorrhage, reduced VA, and macular oedema were extracted from the final included studies. RevMan 5.3 was used to conduct the quantitative analysis and bias assessment.
Results: Four articles assessing 969 eyes were included. The anti-VEGF treatment showed better BCVA improvement (mean difference [MD] = -10.59, P < 0.00001) and more CST decrease (MD = -86.71 μm, P = 0.02) than the dexamethasone implants. However, the dexamethasone implants required fewer injections. As for adverse effects, the dexamethasone implants showed significantly higher intraocular pressure (IOP) and more cataracts than the anti-VEGF treatment. No significant differences were found in conjunctival haemorrhage, reduced VA, and macular oedema.
Conclusions: Anti-VEGF treatment showed better functional and anatomical improvement with less risk of IOP elevation and cataract formation compared to dexamethasone implants. Thus, anti-VEGF treatment is the first choice for treating RVO patients.

Keywords: dexamethasone intravitreal implant, anti-VEGF treatment, retinal vein occlusion, meta-analysis
Dexmedetomidine suppresses sevoflurane anesthesia-induced neuroinflammation through activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
Authors: Wang Nan , Wang Mingyu
Published: January 2019

Background: Sevoflurane, an inhalational general anesthetic, has become one of the most widely used inhalational anesthetics in surgery. However, previous studies have found that sevoflurane anesthesia can trigger an inflammatory response, resulting in secondary damage. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly-selective α adrenergic receptor agonist, is widely used as an anesthesia adjuvant drug in the clinic. Here, we investigate whether DEX can suppress sevoflurane anesthesia-induced neuroinflammation.
Methods: We sought to determine the mechanism of action of this suppressive effect using rats as a model. Rats were randomly divided into control group (n=10), low-dose sevoflurane group (L-Sev; n=10), high-dose sevoflurane group (H-Sev; n=10), vehicle group (n=10) and DEX group (n=10). Western blot was used to detect the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) and the activity level of the phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway.
Results: We find that sevoflurane anesthesia induces an increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while decreasing activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in both the cortex and hippocampus of rats. Moreover, treatment with DEX reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and prevented inactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Conclusions: These data suggest that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway could contribute to sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation, and that activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling by DEX could help to reduce the neuroinflammation effects of sevoflurane.
Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, sevoflurane, neuroinflammation, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
THE INFLUENCE OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES ISOLATED FROM PORCINE AORTA ON THE SERUM FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS
Authors: Chernukha Irina M. , Fedulova Liliya V. , Kotenkova Elena A.
Published: January 2019

Based on results of fatty acid composition in serum of hyperlipidemic rats atherogenic index (AI) was calculated. The objects of the study were a commercial bioactive additive (BAA) containing a mixture of peptides isolated from the vessels of farm animals (Scientific and Production center of Revitalization and Health (SPRH), Russia), low molecular weight (LMUF), Mm<5kDa) and medium molecular weight (MMUF), Mm 5–30 kDa) ultrafiltrates of porcine aorta extract. Experimental hyperlipidemia was stimulated in male Wistar rats. After modeling animals in group 2 consumed 0.9 % sodium chloride solution, 3 groups — BAA, 4 groups — LMUF, 5 groups — MMUF, 1 group consisted of intact rats, contained under similar conditions. All studied samples were administered per os in a quantity of 0.3 mg protein / kg body weight for 14 days. As a result of the study, it was noted that in serum of rats treated with BAA there was polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increase by 67.2 % (P<0.05), while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was decreased by 29.5 % (P<0.05) compared to the control, but there was no change in AI. Per os administration of LMUF caused a similar effect as BAA: there was an increase in the proportion of PUFA by 2.5 times (p<0.05) compared with control, while MUFA decreased by 39.7 % (P<0.05), mainly due to a reduction of oleic acid by 66.3 % (P<0.05). The relative content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) decreased by 27.8 % (P<0.05), mainly due to reduction of palmitic acid content by 45.3 % (P<0.05) compared to the control, which contributed to a decrease in serum AI by 56.4 % (P<0.05). Per os administration of MMUF did not impact on relative content of MUFA, although the share of oleic acid was reduced by 48.0 % (P<0.05), there was also an increase of PUFA content by 85.8 % (P<0.05) compared with the control, serum AI reduced by 76.9 % (P<0.05) compared with the control group also due to a decrease of palmitic acid by 78.2 % (P<0.05).
IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH RAW MATERIALS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN
Authors: Zajko Elena V. , Bataeva Dagmara S.
Published: January 2019

Products, that meet the requirements of Technical regulations of the Customs Union are possible to produce only from high-quality and safe raw materials of animal origin. However, it is necessary to identify the risks associated with its use, assessment and indication of management mechanisms. In the production of meat products, the mechanisms for managing the identified risks associated with meat raw materials will be different. The aim of our study is to identify the most important risk factors associated with meat from different species of animals, including poultry, currently used in meat processing plants. The emphasis was placed on the meat intended for the production of smoked sausages, as these products are subjected to minimal temperature effects, respectively, under adverse conditions, almost always retains the original parameters of the feedstock (for example, the presence of antibiotics, pathogens). The screening microbiological method for the presence of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents was used to identify the chemical risk factor. Classical microbiological methods were used to determine the biological risk factor. It was found that the chemical risk factor (the presence of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents) creates a biological problem, i.e. the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogens. Thus, in the study of beef, we found that the percentage of samples contaminated with antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents was 26.7 %, pork –35.3 %, and poultry meat — 42.9 %. At the same time, Salmonella spp. was absent in the same beef samples and the monocytogenes, however, have been found and they have demonstrated their resistance to antibiotics. In pork and poultry all bacteria were found. Perhaps, these species of animals and poultry, strains of microorganisms have the greatest antibacterial resistance.
THE STUDY OF ORGANOLEPTIC AND FUNCTIONAL-TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PORK MUSCLE TISSUE NOR AND PSE AT THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF THE SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Orlova Olga N. , Mkrtichyan Vitaliy S. , Skripnik Ludmila V. , Krichun Ludmila V.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents the results of studies of organoleptic (color, consistency, water content) and functional-technological (pH, moisture binding capacity and loss of juice during cooking) properties of muscle tissue of NOR and PSE pork, obtained from animals transported at distances of 50 and 170 km, depending on pre-slaughter preparation. Experimental data of systematization of pork properties and calculation of the quantitative value of meat properties allowed to establish pork belonging to the quality groups NOR and PSE and to form a data bank of organoleptic and functional-technological parameters of pork muscle tissue entering the meat processing enterprises of the Southern Federal district. It is shown, that pork from rested animals had higher organoleptic and functional-technological parameters and higher quality levels of meat properties. The results of the studies confirm the positive impact of pre-slaughter preparation of pigs on the quality of their meat raw materials
KOCA RÂGIB PAŞA’NIN BİR MECMUADA YER ALAN BİLİNMEYEN ŞİİRLERİ
Authors: YILMAZ Kadri Hüsnü
Published: January 2019

İçerdikleri çeşitli bilgiler sayesinde kültür ve sanat tarihi açısından oldukça önemli olan mecmular, edebiyat araştırmacılarına çok çeşitli imkânlar sunmaktadırlar. Mecmualar sayesinde çeşitli sebeplerle şairlerin divanlarına girememiş şiirlerle karşılaşmak her zaman mümkündür. Bu çalışmada incelenen mecmuada mürettip tarafından yer verilen şair ve şiir sayıları karşılaştırıldığında Râgıb Paşa’nın diğer şairlere göre açık ara önde olduğu görülmektedir. Mecmuada Râgıb Paşa’ya ait olduğu belirlenen 68 gazel, 6 kıt’a, 1 matla ve 5 müfred tespit edilmiştir. Râgıb Paşa’nın neşredilen divanıyla yapılan karşılaştırmada mecmuada yer alan 2 gazel, 6 kıt’a, 1 matla ve 5 müfredin divanda bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmayla, şairin neşredilmeyen şiirleri gün yüzüne çıkmış olacaktır
AN EVALUATION OF TURKEY’S WESTERN BALKANS POLICY UNDER THE AKP AND PROSPECTS FOR THE POST-DAVUTOĞLU ERA
Authors: ELİF KOÇ Zeynep , ÖNSOY Murat
Published: January 2019

This article argues that in the last decade there is a visible decline in the political, normative and economic power of the European Union (EU) as a dominant actor in the Western Balkans (WB). Particularly the slowing down of the EU’s hegemonic project of Europeanization in the region created space for maneuver for other global and regional players. In this power vacuum, Turkey, alongside with Russia and China has aspired to play a central role in a region that is drifting into multi-polarity. This study aims to analyze Turkey's relations with the Western Balkans under the AKP Government.
KAFKASYA’DAN MUŞ YÖRESİNE GÖÇLER VE GÖÇMENLERİN İSKÂNI (1856-1905)
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Ahmet , TOPRAK Serap
Published: January 2019

Kırım Savaşı’nda mağlup olan Rusya, Kafkas halklarının kendisine gerekli desteği vermediği gerekçesiyle bölge halkına yönelik baskı, şiddet ve asimilasyon politikaları yürütmeye başladı. Rusya’nın uyguladığı bu politikalar sonucunda bölge halkı tarihi, dini ve ekonomik bağları olan Osmanlı Devleti topraklarına göç etmek zorunda kaldı. Osmanlı Devleti topraklarına 1850’li yılların ilk yarısında bazı Kafkas ailelerin gönüllü olarak gelmesiyle başlayan göç hareketi, 1859 yılından itibaren yoğunluk kazanmaya başladı. 1862-1865 yılları arasında doruk noktasına ulaşan göçler, sonrasında azalma göstermeye başladı. Fakat 1877–1878 Osmanlı-Rus Savaşı’ndan sonra göç hareketinde tekrar artış görüldü. Çeşitli dönemlerde artış ve azalışlar gösteren bu göç hareketi, 20. yüzyılın ilk yıllarına kadar devam etti.1850’lerin sonundan itibaren iskâna açılan Muş yöresine Kafkasya’dan gelen binlerce göçmen yerleşti. Bu çalışmada, Muş yöresini iskân bölgesi olarak tercih eden Kafkasya göçmenlerinin nüfus özellikleri, yerleşim yerleri ve göçmenlerin yöre halkı ile sosyo-ekonomik ilişkileri incelenmiştir.
ANITSAL TÜRK MİMARLIK ÖRNEKLERİNDEN DEVECİ HAN’IN YENİDEN İŞLEVLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: PEHLİVAN Gamze Fahriye
Published: January 2019

Han, hamam, kervansaray, zaviye, medrese gibi birçok kültürel mirasın işlevsel açıdan eskimesinin ya da işlevsiz kalmasının sonucunda zamanla terk edildiği ve ardından yok olma sürecine girdiği bilinmektedir. Cami, bedesten, çarşı gibi tarihi yapıların ise geçmişten günümüze kadar işlevsel sürekliliği sağlayarak günümüze kadar ulaşması ise işlevin önemi noktasında dikkat çekicidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, korunması gerekli kültür varlıklarının işlevsiz kalıp zamanla yıkılmasına karşı önlem almak için “yeniden işlevlendirme” yöntemini sunmaktır. Aynı zamanda yeniden işlevlendirmenin sağladığı yararlara ve neden olabileceği olumsuzluklara değinmek hedeflenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, Edirne Deveci Han örneği ele alınmış olup öncelikle Deveci Han’a yönelik genel bir tanımlama yapılmış, ardından hanın mimari özellikleri anlatılmıştır. Daha sonra hana verilen yeni işlevin olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri analiz edilerek yeni işlevin değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Buna göre yeniden işlevlendirme projesinin kabul edilebilir olumsuzlukları olmasına rağmen genel olarak başarılı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
TRANSFORMATION OF SECRECY AND PRIVACY: SOCIAL MEDIA BEHAVIOR OF TURKISH AND KYRGYZ STUDENTS
Authors: ÇAVUŞ Selahattin , AKMAN Erdoğan , AYHAN Bünyamin
Published: January 2019

In this study, an effort will be made to show how social network users manage the issue of personal secrecy and privacy, how they view the matter of others’ personal secrecy and privacy, and especially the issue of one’s privacy being learned by someone else with the help of social networks in the digitalizing society. In the study, a survey was used as the data collection tool based on the quantitative approach. Survey questions consisted of the measures of individuals’ social networking behaviors and attitudes, the demographics category, and the level of privacy and secrecy scale. The data obtained from participating university students in Kyrgyzstan and Turkey were analyzed statistically. Accordingly, the biggest sources of anxiety for students on the Internet were viruses, identity theft and hackers. Females’ level of anxiety and concern in social media was higher than that of male students. Turkish students were observed to pay more respect for personal information, legal privacy and security of Internet sites on social media platforms than Kyrgyz students. In terms of privacy behavior, Turkish students were found to be more open than Kyrgyz students. On the other hand, Kyrgyz students tended to hide their true identity more in social media.
Peculiarities of physiological and biological characteristics of brewer’s yeast stored with natural minerals
Authors: Пермякова Лариса , Permyakova Larisa
Published: January 2019

Storage conditions of brewer’s seed yeast before they start another fermentation cycle do not always meet necessary requirements. That leads to the decrease in biotechnological parameters of the microbial culture. Different methods are used to eliminate or moderate the effect of negative factors on yeast. The article considers the possibility of using natural tuffs containing zeolite taken from different deposits located in Siberia to prevent negative changes in physiological and biochemical properties of seed yeast during storage. The author studied industrial bottom fermentation yeast strains C34 and 308. The yeast was dispersed in water, schenk beer, or 11% beer mash (at the ratio of 1:1), then zeolite was introduced (0.5–4% to suspension volume) and stored for 2–3 days at 2–4°C. The author determined that using minerals in yeast incubation medium increases the proportion of budding cells in the biomass in relation to the initial number of budding cells in 1.2–2.5 times, the number of cells containing glycogen – from 9 to 85%. That also enhances maltase and zymaze activity by 25–85% compared to the control sample (inoculum stored without tuff), decreases flocculating power. Minerals have more significant influence on yeast of 10th and 12th generations than on the young population (4th and 5th generations). Effectiveness of the influence depends on the composition of the suspending medium, length of biomass storage period, proportion of zeolite and its origin. More sufficient changes of the considered parameters took place when the author used minerals taken from Kholinsk and Shivyrtuin deposits rather than pegasin. The effect is due to the chemical composition and structure of the given minerals. The obtained results show that it is advisable to use natural zeolites during storage of the seed yeast as a way to prevent adverse changes in yeast physiological and enzymatic activity.