bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variable alterations of the microbiota, without metabolic or immunological change, following faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with chronic pouchitis
Authors: Landy J. , Walker A. W. , Li J. V. , Al-Hassi H. O. , Ronde E. , English N. R. , Mann E. R. , Bernardo D. , McLaughlin S. D. , Parkhill J. , Ciclitira P. J. , Clark S. K. , Knight S. C. , Hart A. L.
Published: August 2015

Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in the treatment ofClostridium difficileinfection, where efficacy correlates with changes in microbiota diversity and composition. The effects of FMT on recipient microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) remain unclear. We assessed the effects of FMT on microbiota composition and function, mucosal immune response and clinical outcome in patients with chronic pouchitis. Eight patients with chronic pouchitis (current PDAI ≥7) were treated with FMT via nasogastric administration. Clinical activity was assessed before and four weeks following FMT. Faecal coliform antibiotic sensitivities were analysed and changes in pouch faecal and mucosal microbiota assessed by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing and1H NMR spectroscopy. Lamina propria dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine profiles were assessed by flow cytometric analysis and multiplex assay. Following FMT, there were variable shifts in faecal and mucosal microbiota composition and, in some patients, changes in proportional abundance of species suggestive of a “healthier” pouch microbiota. However, there were no significant FMT-induced metabolic or immunological changes, or beneficial clinical response. Given the lack of clinical response following FMT via a single nasogastric administration our results suggest that FMT/bacteriotherapy for pouchitis patients requires further optimisation.
Design of substrate-based BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors using the cyclotide scaffold
Authors: Huang Yen-Hua , Henriques Sónia T. , Wang Conan K. , Thorstholm Louise , Daly Norelle L. , Kaas Quentin , Craik David J.
Published: August 2015

The constitutively active tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL is the underlying cause of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Current CML treatments rely on the long-term use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which target the ATP binding site of BCR-ABL. Over the course of treatment, 20–30% of CML patients develop TKI resistance, which is commonly attributed to point mutations in the drug-binding region. We design a new class of peptide inhibitors that target the substrate-binding site of BCR-ABL by grafting sequences derived from abltide, the optimal substrate of Abl kinase, onto a cell-penetrating cyclotide MCoTI-II. Three grafted cyclotides show significant Abl kinase inhibition in vitro in the low micromolar range using a novel kinase inhibition assay. Our work also demonstrates that a reengineered MCoTI-II with abltide sequences grafted in both loop 1 and 6 inhibits the activity of [T315I]Abl in vitro, a mutant Abl kinase harboring the “gatekeeper” mutation which is notorious for being multidrug resistant. Results from serum stability and cell internalization studies confirm that the MCoTI-II scaffold provides enzymatic stability and cell-penetrating properties to the lead molecules. Taken together, our study highlights that reengineered cyclotides incorporating abltide-derived sequences are promising substrate-competitive inhibitors for Abl kinase and the T315I mutant.
Higher freshwater fish and sea fish intake is inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk among Chinese population: a case-control study
Authors: Xu Ming , Fang Yu-Jing , Chen Yu-Ming , Lu Min-Shan , Pan Zhi-Zhong , Yan Bo , Zhong Xiao , Zhang Cai-Xia
Published: August 2015

The association between specific fish intake and colorectal cancer risk remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the association between specific fish intake and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population in a large case control study. During July 2010 to November 2014, 1189 eligible colorectal cancer cases and 1189 frequency-matched controls (age and sex) completed in-person interviews. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intake. Multivariate logistical regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) after adjusting for various confounders. A strong inverse association was found between freshwater fish intake and colorectal cancer risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile intake showed a risk reduction of 53% (OR 0.47, 95% CI = 0.36–0.60, Ptrend < 0.01) after adjustment for various confounders. The inverse association were also observed for sea fish (OR 0.79, 95%CI = 0.62–0.99, Ptrend < 0.01) and fresh fish (OR 0.49, 95%CI = 0.38–0.62, Ptrend < 0.01). No statistically significant association was found between dried/salted fish and shellfish intake and colorectal cancer risk. These results indicate that higher consumption of freshwater fish, sea fish and fresh fish is associated with a lower risk of colorectal caner.
Cold plasma treatment enhances oilseed rape seed germination under drought stress
Authors: Ling Li , Jiangang Li , Minchong Shen , Chunlei Zhang , Yuanhua Dong
Published: August 2015

Effects of cold plasma treatment on seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation levels and osmotic-adjustment products of oilseed rape under drought stress were investigated in a drought-sensitive (Zhongshuang 7) and drought-tolerant cultivar (Zhongshuang 11). Results showed that, under drought stress, cold plasma treatment significantly improved the germination rate by 6.25% in Zhongshuang 7 and 4.44% in Zhongshuang 11. Seedling growth characteristics, including shoot and root dry weights, shoot and root lengths and lateral root number, significantly increased after cold plasma treatment. The apparent contact angle was reduced by 30.38% in Zhongshuang 7 and 16.91% in Zhongshuang 11. Cold plasma treatment markedly raised superoxide dismutase and catalase activities by 17.71% and 16.52% in Zhongshuang 7 and by 13.00% and 13.21% in Zhongshuang 11. Moreover, cold plasma treatment significantly increased the soluble sugar and protein contents, but reduced the malondialdehyde content in seedlings. Our results suggested that cold plasma treatment improved oilseed rape drought tolerance by improving antioxidant enzyme activities, increasing osmotic-adjustment products and reducing lipid peroxidation, especially in the drought-sensitive cultivar (Zhongshuang 7). Thus, cold plasma treatment can be used in an ameliorative way to improve germination and protect oilseed rape seedlings against damage caused by drought stress.
Hydrogen segregation and its roles in structural stability and metallization: silane under pressure
Authors: Cui Wenwen , Shi Jingming , Liu Hanyu , Yao Yansun , Wang Hui , Iitaka Toshiaki , Ma Yanming
Published: August 2015

We present results from first-principles calculations on silane (SiH4) under pressure. We find that a three dimensionalP-3 structure becomes the most stable phase above 241 GPa. A prominent structural feature, which separates theP-3 structure from previously observed/predicted SiH4structures, is that a fraction of hydrogen leaves the Si-H bonding environment and forms segregated H2units. The H2units are sparsely populated in the system and intercalated with a polymeric Si-H framework. Calculations of enthalpy of formation suggest that theP-3 structure is against the decomposition into Si-H binaries and/or the elemental crystals. Structural stability of theP-3 structure is attributed to the electron-deficient multicenter Si-H-Si interactions when neighboring silicon atoms are linked together through a common hydrogen atom. Within the multicenter bonds, electrons are delocalized and this leads to a metallic state, possibly also a superconducting state, for SiH4. An interesting outcome of the present study is that the enthalpy sum of SiH4(P-3 structure) and Si (fcc structure) appears to be lower than the enthalpy of disilane (Si2H6) between 200 and 300 GPa (for all previously predicted crystalline forms of Si2H6), which calls for a revisit of the stability of Si2H6under high pressure.
ESEA: Discovering the Dysregulated Pathways based on Edge Set Enrichment Analysis
Authors: Han Junwei , Shi Xinrui , Zhang Yunpeng , Xu Yanjun , Jiang Ying , Zhang Chunlong , Feng Li , Yang Haixiu , Shang Desi , Sun Zeguo , Su Fei , Li Chunquan , Li Xia
Published: August 2015

Pathway analyses are playing an increasingly important role in understanding biological mechanism, cellular function and disease states. Current pathway-identification methods generally focus on only the changes of gene expression levels; however, the biological relationships among genes are also the fundamental components of pathways and the dysregulated relationships may also alter the pathway activities. We propose a powerful computational method, Edge Set Enrichment Analysis (ESEA), for the identification of dysregulated pathways. This provides a novel way of pathway analysis by investigating the changes of biological relationships of pathways in the context of gene expression data. Simulation studies illustrate the power and performance of ESEA under various simulated conditions. Using real datasets from p53 mutation, Type 2 diabetes and lung cancer, we validate effectiveness of ESEA in identifying dysregulated pathways. We further compare our results with five other pathway enrichment analysis methods. With these analyses, we show that ESEA is able to help uncover dysregulated biological pathways underlying complex traits and human diseases via specific use of the dysregulated biological relationships. We develop a freely available R-based tool of ESEA. Currently, ESEA can support pathway analysis of the seven public databases (KEGG; Reactome; Biocarta; NCI; SPIKE; HumanCyc; Panther).
Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identify a role for chlorophyll catabolism and phytoalexin during Medicago nonhost resistance against Asian soybean rust
Authors: Ishiga Yasuhiro , Rao Uppalapati Srinivasa , Gill Upinder S. , Huhman David , Tang Yuhong , Mysore Kirankumar S.
Published: August 2015

Asian soybean rust (ASR) caused byPhakopsora pachyrhiziis a devastating foliar disease affecting soybean production worldwide. Understanding nonhost resistance against ASR may provide an avenue to engineer soybean to confer durable resistance against ASR. We characterized aMedicago truncatula-ASR pathosystem to study molecular mechanisms of nonhost resistance. Although urediniospores formed appressoria and penetrated into epidermal cells ofM. truncatula,P. pachyrhizifailed to sporulate. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the induction of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid and isoflavonoid metabolic pathway genes involved in the production of phytoalexin medicarpin inM. truncatulaupon infection withP. pachyrhizi. Furthermore, genes involved in chlorophyll catabolism were induced during nonhost resistance. We further characterized one of the chlorophyll catabolism genes,Stay-green(SGR) and demonstrated that theM. truncatula sgrmutant and alfalfaSGR-RNAi lines showed hypersensitive-response-like enhanced cell death upon inoculation withP. pachyrhizi. Consistent with transcriptomic analysis, metabolomic analysis also revealed the accumulation of medicarpin and its intermediate metabolites.In vitroassay showed that medicarpin inhibited urediniospore germination and differentiation. In addition, several triterpenoid saponin glycosides accumulated inM. truncatulaupon inoculation withP. pachyrhizi. In summary, using multi-omic approaches, we identified a correlation between phytoalexin production andM. truncatuladefense responses against ASR.
Determination of ion pairing on capping structures of gold nanoparticles by phase extraction
Authors: Cheng Han-Wen , Schadt Mark J. , Young Kaylie , Luo Jin , Zhong Chuan-Jian
Published: August 2015

The degree of ion pairing in the capping structure of gold nanoparticles is determined by a phase extraction method.
Electro-oxidation of captopril at a gold electrode and its determination in pharmaceuticals and human fluids
Authors: Shetti Nagaraj P. , Malode Shweta J. , Nandibewoor Sharanappa T.
Published: August 2015

Gold electrode was used for the oxidation of captopril in phosphate buffer solution pH 3.6 to study the influence of several physico-chemical parameters like potential, scan rate, pH and concentration by cyclic, linear sweep and differential pulse voltammetry.
A novel electrochemical immunosensor for the quantitative detection of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in genomic DNA of breast cancer tissue
Authors: Yang Zhiqing , Jiang Wenjing , Liu Fei , Zhou Yunlei , Yin Huanshun , Ai Shiyun
Published: August 2015

An electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated for the detection of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in genomic DNA based on anti-5-hmC antibody, phos-tag and alkaline phosphatase.
Influence of the halogen substituent on the formation of halogen and hydrogen bonding in co-crystals formed from acridine and benzoic acids
Authors: Kowalska Kornelia , Trzybiński Damian , Sikorski Artur
Published: August 2015

A series of nine co-crystals formed from acridine and benzoic acids have been synthesized and structurally characterized and the influence of the halogen substituent on the formation of halogen and hydrogen bonding in the co-crystals of the title compounds has been investigated.
Phase-modulated electronic wave packet interferometry reveals high resolution spectra of free Rb atoms and Rb*He molecules
Authors: Bruder Lukas , Mudrich Marcel , Stienkemeier Frank
Published: August 2015

Phase-modulated wave packet interferometry applied to a rubidium-doped helium droplet beam yields vibrationally resolved, high resolution exciplex spectra.
Regeneration mechanisms of high-lithium content zirconates as CO2capture sorbents: experimental measurements and theoretical investigations
Authors: Duan Yuhua , Lekse Jonathan
Published: August 2015

During absorption/desorption cycles, lithium-rich zirconates (Li8ZrO6and Li6Zr2O7) will be consumed and will not be regenerated. Their primary regeneration product is in the form of Li2ZrO3. This result indicates that among known lithium zirconates, Li2ZrO3is the best sorbent for CO2capture.
Construction of a robust pillared-layer framework based on the rare paddlewheel subunit [MnII2(μ-O2CR)4L2]: synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties
Authors: Gupta Vijay , Khullar Sadhika , Kumar Sandeep , Mandal Sanjay K.
Published: August 2015

A robust pillared-layer framework with an α-polonium topology based on the rare paddlewheel subunit [MnII2(μ-O2CR)4L2] is reported. The Mn⋯Mn interaction in it is established by the crystal structure and magnetic measurements.
Distribution, migration and potential risk of heavy metals in the Shima River catchment area, South China
Authors: Gao Lei , Chen Jianyao , Tang Changyuan , Ke Zhiting , Wang Jiang , Shimizu Yuta , Zhu Aiping
Published: August 2015

The distribution, migration and potential risk of heavy metals in water and soil environments, related to city water supply, were investigated.
Determination of6Li and7Li abundances by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry combined with derivative spectroscopy, multivariate curve resolution and multivariate calibration methods
Authors: Zolfonoun Ehsan
Published: August 2015

The development of a rapid method for the determination of6Li and7Li abundances by ICP-OES coupled with computational methods.
Genome-scale reconstruction of the metabolic network in Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501
Authors: Babaei Parizad , Marashi Sayed-Amir , Asad Sedigheh
Published: August 2015

We present a metabolic network model forPseudomonas stutzeriA1501 which is able to successfully predict its carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
A computational study of the phosphoryl transfer reaction between ATP and Dha in aqueous solution
Authors: Bordes I. , Ruiz-Pernía J. J. , Castillo R. , Moliner V.
Published: August 2015

Phosphoryl transfer reactions are ubiquitous in biology. The reaction mechanism of the phosphorylation of dihydroxyacetone by ATP in aqueous solution has been studied by means of QM/MM simulations in the present paper.
Activation of aqueous hydrogen peroxide for non-catalyzed dihydroperoxidation of ketones by azeotropic removal of water
Authors: Starkl Renar K. , Pečar S. , Iskra J.
Published: August 2015

Cyclic and acyclic ketones were selectively converted to gem-dihydroperoxides in 72–99% yield with 30% aq. hydrogen peroxide by azeotropic distillation of water from the reaction mixture without any catalyst.
Synthesis of the cyanobacterial metabolite nostodione A, structural studies and potent antiparasitic activity against Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: McNulty James , Keskar Kunal , Jenkins Hilary A. , Werstiuk Nick H. , Bordón Claudia , Yolken Robert , Jones-Brando Lorraine
Published: August 2015

A total synthesis of the cyanobacterial natural product nostodione A is reported involving a convergent, diversity-oriented route, enabling the assembly of a mini-library of structural analogues.
Catalytic transfer hydrogenation in γ-valerolactone-based ionic liquids
Authors: Strádi Andrea , Molnár Márk , Szakál Péter , Dibó Gábor , Gáspár Dániel , Mika László T.
Published: August 2015

The combination of transfer hydrogenation reaction with the advantages of γ-valerolactone-based ionic liquids could result in an environmentally benign method for the reduction of organic substrates.
Black TiO2 inverse opals for visible-light photocatalysis
Authors: Xin Linlin , Liu Xuefeng
Published: August 2015

The combination of chemical hydrogenation and well-ordered inverse opal structure provides black titanium dioxide (TiO2) inverse opals (BTIOs) with a better photocatalytic activity under visible light.
Catalytic dehydration ofd-xylose to furfural over a tantalum-based catalyst in batch and continuous process
Authors: Li Xing-Long , Pan Tao , Deng Jin , Fu Yao , Xu Hua-Jian
Published: August 2015

The conversion ofd-xylose to furfural was developed through a batch and continuous process in water–organic biphasic system using TA-p as a catalyst.
A fast-response, fluorescent ‘turn-on’ chemosensor for selective detection of Cr3+
Authors: Fan Chunhua , Huang Ximing , Black Cory A. , Shen Xingxing , Qi Junjie , Yi Yuanping , Lu Zhengliang , Nie Yong , Sun Guoxin
Published: August 2015

A highly selective and sensitive chemosensor 3 for Cr3+ detection was designed and synthesized, which showed a fast turn-on fluorescence response under physiological conditions.
Comparative assessment of the in vitro toxicity of some functionalized carbon nanotubes and fullerenes
Authors: Canapè Carolina , Foillard Stéphanie , Bonafè Roberta , Maiocchi Alessandro , Doris Eric
Published: August 2015

Carbon nanotubes and fullerenes with different surface coatings are evaluated for their potential cytotoxicity on a panel of cell lines.
Efficient blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes based on novel 9,10-diphenyl-anthracene derivatives
Authors: Chen Hongwei , Liang Wenqing , Chen Yi , Tian Guojian , Dong Qingchen , Huang Jinhai , Su Jianhua
Published: August 2015

Five novel 9,10-di(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (ADN) derivatives were synthesized and their EL properties were characterized. Among them, the OCADN based device exhibited high efficient sky-blue emission with CE of 2.25 cd A−1, PE of 1.13 lm W−1.
Effect of donor doping in B sites on the electrocaloric effect of BaTi1−xNbxO3 ceramics
Authors: Bai Yang , Han Xi , Qiao Li-Jie
Published: August 2015

The donor doping of Nb5+ for Ti4+ in the B sites of BaTiO3 rapidly shifts the ferroelectric phase transition to a lower temperature and diffuses it, so that the electrocaloric ΔTmax gradually reduces and the temperature window becomes much wider.
Effect of UV light-induced nitrogen doping on the field effect transistor characteristics of graphene
Authors: Imamura Gaku , Saiki Koichiro
Published: August 2015

Control of electron concentration in graphene is achieved in the range of 1012 to 1013 cm−2 by nitrogen doping using photochemical reactions.
Geometrical modifications and tuning of optical and surface plasmon resonance behaviour of Au and Ag coated TiO2 nanotubular arrays
Authors: Bhattacharyya Dhiman , Sarswat Prashant K. , Islam Maidul , Kumar Gagan , Misra Mano , Free Michael L.
Published: August 2015

Shape dependent optical absorbance of Ag and Au loaded titania nanotubes.
Improving interfacial electron transfer and light harvesting in dye-sensitized solar cells by using Ag nanowire/TiO2 nanoparticle composite films
Authors: Huang Po-Chun , Chen Tsan-Yao , Wang Yi-Lin , Wu Chiun-Yi , Lin Tsang-Lang
Published: August 2015

TiO2 coated Ag nanowires improved the interfacial electron transfer, the surface plasmon resonance, and the light-scattering in dye-sensitized solar cells.
Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces by smoke deposition and application in oil–water separation
Authors: Qiu Wenlian , Xu Du , Liu Bin , Shen Lie , Guo Qipeng
Published: August 2015

Smoke-deposited surfaces on glass show outstanding superhydrophobicity, and on mesh show excellent separation ability of oil–water mixtures.
Luminescence and energy transfer of co-doped Sr5MgLa2(BO3)6:Ce3+,Mn2+
Authors: Müller Matthias , Fischer Stefan , Jüstel Thomas
Published: August 2015

The photoluminescence (PL) of co-doped Sr5MgLa2(BO3)6:Ce3+,Mn2+ and energy transfer from Ce3+ to Mn2+ were studied. PL and fluorescence lifetime measurements were performed at various temperatures. External quantum efficiencies and chromaticity coordinates were obtained.
Charge carrier dynamics and photocatalytic behavior of TiO2 nanopowders submitted to hydrothermal or conventional heat treatment
Authors: Patrocinio A. O. T. , Schneider J. , França M. D. , Santos L. M. , Caixeta B. P. , Machado A. E. H. , Bahnemann D. W.
Published: August 2015

The role of thermal treatment on the electron/hole dynamics and on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 is investigated by transient absorption spectroscopy.
Bioactive bile salt-capped silver nanoparticles activity against destructive plant pathogenic fungi through in vitro system
Authors: Raja muthuramalingam Thangavelu , Shanmugam Chandirasekar , Gunasekaran Dharanivasan , Duraisamy Nallusamy , Nagappan Rajendran , Krishnan Kathiravan
Published: August 2015

Sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) capped silver nanoparticles are employed to counteract the fungusColletotrichum gloeosporioideswhich causes anthracnose disease in a wide number of plants throughout the world.
In situ functionalization of hollow mesoporous hydroxyapatite with thermal-responsive on–off gates in supercritical CO2
Authors: Wu Qiong , Shi Jun , Wei Jing , Yang Liu , Cao Shaokui
Published: August 2015

Aliphatic PUA-grafted mesoporous hollow hydroxyapatite microparticles with thermal-responsive on–off gates for controllable drug delivery were prepared via in situ polymerization in supercritical CO2.
Does surface coating of metallic nanoparticles modulate their interference with in vitro assays?
Authors: Vinković Vrček Ivana , Pavičić Ivan , Crnković Tea , Jurašin Darija , Babič Michal , Horák Daniel , Lovrić Marija , Ferhatović Lejla , Ćurlin Marija , Gajović Srećko
Published: August 2015

Experimental setup for in vitro evaluation of metallic nanoparticles where interferences depend on metal core, surface coating, and the test system.
Importance of dipole moments and ambient polarity for the conformation of Xaa–Pro moieties – a combined experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Siebler Christiane , Maryasin Boris , Kuemin Michael , Erdmann Roman S. , Rigling Carla , Grünenfelder Claudio , Ochsenfeld Christian , Wennemers Helma
Published: August 2015

Thetrans : cisisomer ratio of Xaa–Pro bonds is significantly affected by the polarity of the environment. Computational and NMR spectroscopic studies revealed an intricate balance between polarity effects and interactions of carbonyl groups.
Cellulose-supported chiral rhodium nanoparticles as sustainable heterogeneous catalysts for asymmetric carbon–carbon bond-forming reactions
Authors: Yasukawa Tomohiro , Miyamura Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shū
Published: August 2015

Cellulose-supported chiral Rh nanoparticle (NP) catalysts have been developed.
Unfolding and folding pathway of lysozyme induced by sodium dodecyl sulfate
Authors: Sun Yang , Filho Pedro L. O. , Bozelli José C. , Carvalho Juliana , Schreier Shirley , Oliveira Cristiano L. P.
Published: August 2015

The core–shell structure of complexes in five binding stages involved in the unfolding and folding of lysozyme induced by SDS.
Chiral dopants and the twist-bend nematic phase – induction of novel mesomorphic behaviour in an apolar bimesogen
Authors: Archbold Craig T. , Davis Edward J. , Mandle Richard J. , Cowling Stephen J. , Goodby John W.
Published: August 2015

When mixed with a chiral dopant, a material exhibiting the NTBphase was shown to undergo several previously unseen phase transitions.
Ultrasmall Pd/Au bimetallic nanocrystals embedded in hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structures: facile synthesis and catalytic activities in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Jiang Feng , Li Ruimin , Cai Jianhua , Xu Wei , Cao Anmin , Chen Daiqin , Zhang Xing , Wang Chunru , Shu Chunying
Published: August 2015

A hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structure supported with ultrasmall Au, Pd bimetallic nanoparticles was readily synthesized and showed unusual catalytic properties.
Three-dimensional interconnected network GeOx/multi-walled CNT composite spheres as high-performance anodes for lithium ion batteries
Authors: He Wei , Tian Huajun , Wang Xiaoliang , Xin Fengxia , Han Weiqiang
Published: August 2015

3D GeOx/MWCNTs composite spheres as anode exhibited high rate capability and long-life performances with high areal loading for lithium ion batteries.
A facile route to the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-wrapped octahedral Cu2O with enhanced photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance
Authors: Liu Xueqin , Li Zhen , Zhao Wen , Zhao Caixin , Wang Yang , Lin Zhiqun
Published: August 2015

Reduced graphene oxide-wrapped Cu2O composites exhibited high photocatalytic performance and improved the photovoltaic performance of Cu2O.
A RuO2 nanoparticle-decorated buckypaper cathode for non-aqueous lithium–oxygen batteries
Authors: Tan P. , Shyy W. , Zhao T. S. , Zhu X. B. , Wei Z. H.
Published: August 2015

A RuO2 nanoparticle-decorated buckypaper cathode does not require additional current collectors and polymeric binders, offering promise for a high-practical specific capacity, high-energy efficiency, and stable electrode for non-aqueous lithium–oxygen batteries.
Rate-dependent and self-healing conductive shear stiffening nanocomposite: a novel safe-guarding material with force sensitivity
Authors: Wang Sheng , Xuan Shouhu , Jiang Wanquan , Jiang Weifeng , Yan Lixun , Mao Ya , Liu Mei , Gong Xinglong
Published: August 2015

A novel rate-dependent and self-healing conductive composite with well defined shear stiffening (S-ST) effect was facilely fabricated by dispersing the multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) into a shear stiffening polymer matrix.
In situ preparation of a SAC-RGO@Ni electrode by electrochemical functionalization of reduced graphene oxide using sulfanilic acid azocromotrop and its application in asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Saha Sanjit , Jana Milan , Samanta Pranab , Murmu Naresh Chandra , Kuila Tapas
Published: August 2015

In situelectro-deposition, reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) with sulfanilic acid azocromotrop (SAC) were carried out through a facile one-step electrochemical method.
Stable and degradable microgels linked with cystine for storing and environmentally triggered release of drugs
Authors: Mackiewicz Marcin , Kaniewska Klaudia , Romanski Jan , Augustin Ewa , Stojek Zbigniew , Karbarz Marcin
Published: August 2015

Microgels crosslinked with a cysteine derivative, which has ability to control gel degradation and trigger drug release.
Poly(glycerol sebacate) biomaterial: synthesis and biomedical applications
Authors: Loh Xian Jun , Abdul Karim Anis , Owh Cally
Published: August 2015

The recently developed poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) has been gaining attraction as a biomaterial for tissue engineering applications.
Ratiometric detection of temperature using responsive dual-emissive MOF hybrids
Authors: Zhou You , Yan Bing
Published: August 2015

Herein, we describe a new strategy for the fabrication of ratiometric MOF thermometers, which is illustrated by imparting additional lanthanide luminescence to a robust MOF with intrinsic ligand-based emission to form a dual-emissive hybrid for highly sensitive ratiometric temperature sensing.
Inflammation-induced microvascular insulin resistance is an early event in diet-induced obesity
Authors: Zhao Lina , Fu Zhuo , Wu Jing , Aylor Kevin W. , Barrett Eugene J. , Cao Wenhong , Liu Zhenqi
Published: August 2015

Endothelial dysfunction and vascular insulin resistance usually coexist and chronic inflammation engenders both. In the present study, we investigate the temporal relationship between vascular insulin resistance and metabolic insulin resistance. We assessed insulin responses in all arterial segments, including aorta, distal saphenous artery and the microvasculature, as well as the metabolic insulin responses in muscle in rats fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) for various durations ranging from 3 days to 4 weeks with or without sodium salicylate treatment. Compared with controls, HFD feeding significantly blunted insulin-mediated Akt (protein kinase B) and eNOS [endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase] phosphorylation in aorta in 1 week, blunted vasodilatory response in small resistance vessel in 4 weeks and microvascular recruitment in as early as 3 days. Insulin-stimulated whole body glucose disposal did not begin to progressively decrease until after 1 week. Salicylate treatment fully inhibited vascular inflammation, prevented microvascular insulin resistance and significantly improved muscle metabolic responses to insulin. We conclude that microvascular insulin resistance is an early event in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance and inflammation plays an essential role in this process. Our data suggest microvascular insulin resistance contributes to the development of metabolic insulin resistance in muscle and muscle microvasculature is a potential therapeutic target in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its related complications.
Real‐valued localisation algorithm for near‐field non‐circular sources
Authors: Xie Jian , Tao Haihong , Rao Xuan , Su Jia
Published: August 2015

A novel real‐valued near‐field localisation algorithm for non‐circular sources is proposed using the uniform linear array. On the basis of non‐circularity of signals, an extended real‐valued covariance matrix is constructed. Then, utilising the symmetric property of the extended array manifold, the direction of arrival and range parameters are obtained by two one‐dimensional rank reduction estimators. The proposed algorithm is efficient in that it only requires second‐order statistics (SOS) and real‐valued computations. Moreover, it can improve the estimation accuracy and resolve more sources than the conventional SOS‐based methods.
Stripline‐fed aperture‐coupled patch array antenna with reduced sidelobe
Authors: Cheon Yonghun , Kim Yonghoon
Published: August 2015

An aperture‐coupled patch array antenna with a reduced sidelobe level (SLL) at the 28 GHz frequency band is presented. The feeding line consists of an asymmetric stripline with a stripline‐to‐waveguide transition. The array antenna is serially fed in the E‐plane, the excitation of which is tapered by controlling the aperture sizes, and is fed through a power divider in the H‐plane. The experimental results show a SLL of <−20 dB and a gain of ∼20 dBi for a frequency band in the range of 27.5–28.5 GHz.
Islanding detection and load shedding scheme for radial distribution systems integrated with dispersed generations
Authors: Khamis Aziah , Shareef Hussain , Mohamed Azah
Published: August 2015

This study presents a novel islanding detection and optimal load shedding scheme for radial distribution systems integrated with dispersed generation (DG). A simple and effective passive islanding detection method is developed based on the phase‐space technique and using a probabilistic neural network‐based classifier. After the system detects unintentional islanding state, it utilises an optimal load shedding scheme to prevent system collapse due to load‐generation mismatch and voltage instability encountered in the islanded part of the system. The optimal load shedding scheme is developed based on the backtracking search algorithm. Extensive tests conducted with the DigSilent Power Factory® software and MATLAB® software on the IEEE 33‐bus system with four DG units considering several scenarios of islanding condition were utilised to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed islanding detection method and the optimal load shedding scheme. The results showed that the proposed method can effectively detect the islanding events and stabilise the islanded part of the system with minimum load curtailment.
Antenna development, link budget analysis and specific absorption rate evaluation in ultra‐wideband implant communications
Authors: Morimoto Yuta , Anzai Daisuke , Wang Jianqing
Published: August 2015

In this study, the authors developed an ultra‐wideband (UWB) planar loop antenna for implant communication, and confirmed its usefulness by comparing its designed and measured reflection and transmission characteristics. With the planar loop antenna as the implant transmitting antenna, then they calculated the implant path loss and specific absorption rate (SAR) using the finite difference time domain method together with an anatomical human body numerical model. Moreover, through a link budget analysis based on the calculated path loss with selection diversity, they derived the transmitting power required to achieve a specific bit error rate performance, and clarified the corresponding local SAR with respect to the international safety limits. As a result, the UWB implant communication is found to be feasible at a data rate as high as 40 Mbps under the SAR safety limits.
Selenium Supplementation and the Effects on Reproductive Outcomes, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Razavi M. , Jamilian M. , Kashan Z. Fakhrieh , Heidar Z. , Mohseni M. , Ghandi Y. , Bagherian T. , Asemi Z.
Published: August 2015

Selenium supplementation could be effective on reproductive outcomes, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of the study was to determine the effects of selenium supplementation on reproductive outcomes, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in PCOS patients. The present randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 64 women aged 18–40 years old with PCOS at the clinic affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups receiving either 200 μg selenium daily (n=32) or placebo (n=32) for 8 weeks. Hormonal profiles, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress were measured and compared both before and after the treatment. After 8 weeks of intervention, pregnancy rate in the selenium group was higher than in the placebo group: 18.8 (6/32) vs. 3.1% (1/32), p=0.04. In addition, alopecia (40.6 vs. 9.4%, p=0.004) and acne (46.9 vs. 12.5 %, p=0.003) decreased following the consumption of selenium supplements compared with placebo. Additionally, patients who received selenium supplements had significantly decreased serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels (p=0.02), hirsutism (modified Ferriman–Gallwey scores) (p<0.001), serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (p=0.02), and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (p=0.01) compared with placebo. We did not observe any significant effects of taking selenium supplements on other hormonal profiles, nitric oxide (NO), and other biomarkers of oxidative stress. Taken together, selenium supplementation for 8 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on reproductive outcomes, DHEA, hs-CRP, and MDA levels.
Impact of interface manipulation of oxide on electrical transport properties and low-frequency noise in MgO/NiFe/MgO heterojunctions
Authors: Li Jian-wei , Zhao Chong-jun , Feng Chun , Zhou Zhongfu , Yu Guang-hua
Published: August 2015

Low-frequency noise and magnetoresistance in sputtered-deposited Ta(5 nm)/MgO (3 nm)/NiFe(10 nm)/MgO(3 nm)/Ta(3 nm) films have been measured as a function of different annealing times at 400°C. These measurements did not change synchronously with annealing time. A significant increase in magnetoresistance is observed for short annealing times (of the order of minutes) and is correlated with a relatively small reduction in 1/f noise. In contrast, a significant reduction in 1/f noise is observed for long annealing times (of the order of hours) accompanied by a small change in magnetoresistance. After annealing for 2 hours, the 1/f noise decreases by three orders of magnitude. Transmission electron microscopy and slow positron annihilation results implicate the cause being micro-structural changes in the MgO layers and interfaces following different annealing times. The internal vacancies in the MgO layers gather into vacancy clusters to reduce the defect density after short annealing times, whereas the MgO/NiFe and the NiFe/MgO interfaces improve significantly after long annealing times with the amorphous MgO layers gradually crystallizing following the release of interfacial stress.
Strength of polycrystalline niobium from high-pressure x-ray diffraction data: A comparison of results from line-width and line-shift analyses
Authors: Singh Anil K. , Liermann Hanns-Peter
Published: August 2015

High purity polycrystalline niobium was compressed in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) without any pressure transmitting medium and the pressure was increased in steps of ∼5 GPa to the highest pressure of ∼40 GPa. The diffraction pattern was recorded after each pressure increment using angle-dispersive mode with the conventional diffraction geometry, wherein the primary x-ray beam is parallel to the load axis of the DAC. The strength of niobium as function of pressure was determined using the line-width and line-shift analyses. Both eY and 2eY, where Y is the aggregate Young's modulus and e is the strain determined from the line-width analysis, have been used as the measure of strength in earlier studies. In this study, it is eY that agrees with the strength determined from the line-shift analysis of the radial diffraction data as well as the data from the conventional diffraction geometry. These results have been discussed and compared with a similar observation made earlier on strength of diamond. This study highlights the ambiguity that presently exists in choosing eY or 2eY as a measure of strength while attempting to estimate the strength from the diffraction line width analysis.
Multiple temperature effects on up-conversion fluorescences of Er3+-Y b3+-Mo6+ codoped TiO2 and high thermal sensitivity
Authors: Cao B. S. , Wu J. L. , Wang X. H. , He Y. Y. , Feng Z. Q. , Dong B. , Rino L.
Published: August 2015

We report multiple temperature effects on green and red up-conversion emissions in Er3+-Y b3+-Mo6+ codoped TiO2 phosphors. With increasing temperature, the decrease of the red emission from 4F9/2→4I15/2, the increase of green emission from 2H11/2→4I15/2 and another unchanged green emission from 4S3/2→4I15/2 were simultaneously observed, which are explained by steady-state rate equations analysis. Due to different evolution with temperature of the two green emissions, higher thermal sensitivity of optical thermal sensor was obtained based on the transitions with the largest fluorescence intensity ratio. Two parameters, maximum theoretical sensitivity (Smax) and optimum operating temperature (Tmax) are given to describe thermal sensing properties of the produced sensors. The intensity ratio and energy difference ΔE of a pair of energy levels are two main factors for the sensitivity and accuracy of sensors, which should be referred to design sensors with optimized sensing properties.
Characterization of Adult Pacific Lamprey Swimming Behavior in Relation to Environmental Conditions within Large‐Dam Fishways
Authors: Kirk Mark A. , Caudill Christopher C. , Johnson Eric L. , Keefer Matthew L. , Clabough Tami S.
Published: August 2015

Understanding the migration behaviors of adult Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus inside fishways is critical to resolving why the species has low passage rates at hydropower dams. We used an acoustic camera to make in situ observations on the swimming behaviors of Pacific Lampreys at two large Columbia River dams (Bonneville and John Day) and to develop inferences regarding potential mechanisms influencing passage within lower fishway sections (entrances, collection channels, transition areas). Pacific Lampreys were primarily free‐swimming in the middle and upper water column at both the high‐velocity entrance (>1 m/s) and the low‐velocity transition area (<1 m/s) of Bonneville Dam. In contrast, Pacific Lampreys in the high‐velocity fishway channel at John Day Dam were more likely to orient to the fishway floor at the entrance and in the collection channel. Pacific Lampreys exhibited no interaction with diffuser grating along the fishway floor at Bonneville Dam and were observed free‐swimming above these structures. Behavior in the Bonneville Dam transition area appeared to be affected by poor attraction flow and the presence of predatory White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus. Higher Pacific Lamprey tail‐beat frequencies and lower ground speeds were observed at the fishway entrances of both dams and in the John Day Dam collection channel, indicating that Pacific Lampreys were exerting greater effort to achieve upstream progress under the high water velocities at these locations. High tail‐beat frequencies and low ground speeds support the hypothesis that fishway entrances may act as short‐distance, high‐velocity barriers for Pacific Lampreys, while passage through the lower John Day Dam fishway may be limited by the endurance requirements for passing a long‐distance (~80 m), high‐velocity challenge (collection channel). Similar in situ applications offer the potential for understanding and improving the passage of migratory fish at anthropogenic barriers.
Performance characteristics of Parkour practitioners: Who are the traceurs?
Authors: Grosprêtre Sidney , Lepers Romuald
Published: August 2015

Parkour is a modern physical activity that consists of using the environment, mostly urban, as a playground of obstacles. The aims of this study were (i) to investigate age, anthropometric and training characteristics of Parkour practitioners, called ‘traceurs’ and (ii) to assess jump performances and muscular characteristics of traceurs, compared to those of gymnasts and power athletes. The mean age of the population of traceurs studied (n = 130) was 19.4 ± 4.3 years, women represented 12.4% of the total field and mean training volume was 8.1 ± 0.5 hours/week. Vertical and long jump performances were analysed on smaller samples of participants (four groups, n = 15 per group); and eccentric (−90° s−1, −30° s−1), concentric (30° s−1, 90° s−1) and isometric knee extensors torques were evaluated by means of an isokinetic dynamometer. Traceurs showed greater (P < .01) drop jump performance (64.9 ± 1.5 cm) than gymnasts (60.9 ± 1.1 cm) and greater (P < .001) counter movement jump with arms (59.2 ± 1.5 cm) than power athletes (53.0 ± 1.4 cm). Standing long jump performances were greater (P < .05) for traceurs (282.7 ± 5.2 cm) compared to other athletes (gymnasts: 273.9 ± 7.3 cm; power athletes: 261.3 ± 6.7 cm). Eccentric knee extension torques were greater (P < .05) for traceurs compared to other athletes. This study revealed that Parkour training induces major development of jump and muscular skills. The use of such training has several practical applications as it provides a better resistance to high eccentric load and helps reinforce musculoskeletal structures.
Momentum sequence and environmental climate influence levels of perceived psychological momentum within a sport competition
Authors: Briki Walid , Markman Keith D. , Coudevylle Guillaume , Sinnapah Stéphane , Hue Olivier
Published: August 2015

The present study examined the influence of momentum sequence (positive vs. negative) and environmental climate (hot–wet vs. neutral) on supporters’ (i.e. virtual observers’) reported levels of perceived psychological momentum (PM) during a simulated cycling competition. Participants supported one of two competing cyclists involved in a race that was displayed on a screen in a lecture hall. The race scenario was manipulated so that the supported cyclist appeared to undergo either a positive or negative momentum sequence. In addition, participants were either exposed to a hot–wet environmental climate or to a neutral environmental climate while observing the race scenario. According to the results, reported levels of PM were higher in the positive momentum sequence condition than in the negative momentum sequence condition, consistent with the notion that supporters’ PM is influenced by a positivity bias, and reported levels of PM were also found to be higher in the hot–wet climate condition than in the neutral climate condition, consistent with the notion that environmental climate is a contextual factor that influences PM through the operation of a causal augmenting mechanism.
Muscle activation, blood lactate, and perceived exertion responses to changing resistance training programming variables
Authors: Hiscock Daniel J. , Dawson Brian , Donnelly Cyril J. , Peeling Peter
Published: August 2015

Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE: 0–10) during resistance training with varying programming demands were examined. Blood lactate (BLa) and muscle activation (using surface electromyography: EMG) were measured as potential mediators of RPE responses. Participants performed three sets of single arm (preferred side) bicep curls at 70% of 1 repetition maximum over 4 trials: Trial (A) 3 sets × 8 repetitions × 120 s recovery between sets; (B) 3 sets × 8 repetitions × 240 s recovery; (C) 3 sets × maximum number of repetitions (MNR) × 120 s recovery; (D) 3 sets × MNR × 240 s recovery. Overall body (RPE‐O) and active muscle (RPE‐AM) perceptual responses were assessed following each set in each trial. Biceps brachii and brachioradialis muscle EMG was measured during each set for each trial. RPE‐O and RPE‐AM were not different between Trial A (3.5 ± 1 and 6 ± 1, respectively) and Trial B (3.5 ± 1 and 5.5 ± 1, respectively) (p < .05). However, RPE‐AM was significantly greater in Trial C (7.5 ± 1.5) and Trial D (7.5 ± 1.5) than in Trial B (p < .05). There were no significant differences in muscle activation or BLa between trials; however, work rate (tonnage/min) was greater in Trials C and D compared to Trial B. In conclusion, BLa and muscle activation were not related to RPE, but resistance training variables, such as work rate, may impact on RPE when intensity (%1RM) and the number of sets completed remain constant.