bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JENIS DAN KELIMPAHAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA SEDIMEN PESISIR PANTAI MANGGAR KOTA BALIKPAPAN KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Olivia Noor
Published: October 2024

Keberadaan mikroplastik dipengaruhi oleh banyaknya aktivitas yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan plastik serta didukung oleh faktor kecepatan dan arah arus sehingga sampah plastik turut terbawa ke sedimen pesisir dan mengalami degradasi menjadi ukuran lebih kecil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan kelimpahan mikroplastik yang terdapat pada sedimen di pesisir pantai manggar, Kota Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menarik garis transek sepanjang 100 m kemudian dibuat lima jalur berjarak 20 m dan masing-masing jalur dibuat kotak sub transek berukuran 5x5 m secara acak namun tetap menggambarkan kondisi sampah plastik yang ada. Tiap kotak sub transek dibagi menjadi 25 kotak sub-sub transek berukuran 1x1 m dan dipilih sebanyak 5 kotak sub-sub transek tiap sub transek dengan menggunakan metode random sampling. Sampel sedimen ditimbang dan dikeringkan kemudian ditambahkan NaCl untuk mendapatkan supernatan sempurna dan dicampurkan dengan larutan H2O2 dan FeSO4 untuk menghancurkan bahan organik dan metal, selanjutnya sampel disaring dan diidentifikasi menggunakan mikroskop. Terdapat tiga jenis mikroplastik pada pesisir pantai Manggar Kota Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur yaitu fiber sebanyak 62,52% dengan kelimpahan sebesar 88.520 partikel/kg/m², fragmen sebanyak 31,78% dengan kelimpahan sebesar 19.480 partikel/kg/m², dan film sebanyak 19,70% dengan kelimpahan hanya sebesar 11.880 partikel/kg/m². Terdapat berbedaan kelimpahan yang signifikan antar jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan pada pesisir Pantai Manggar, Kota Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur dengan nilai Asymp.Sig.(0,000)< α(0.05).
IDENTIFIKASI KEBERADAAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA KERANG DARAH (Anadara granosa) YANG TERJUAL DI KUTAI LAMA, KECAMATAN ANGGANA, KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Authors: Jumarding Jumarding
Published: October 2024

Keberadaan mikroplastik yang terdegradasi dalam perairan berpotensi masuk ke dalam tubuh biota baik secara langsung dalam proses makan memakan dan secara tidak langsung melalui rantai makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kerang darah yang terjual di Kutai Lama, Kecamatan Anggana, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan terdapat 3 jenis mikroplastik yaitu fiber sebesar 114 partikel dengan kelimpahan sebesar 5,7 partikel/ind, film sebesar 33 partikel dengan kelimpahan 1,65 partikel/ind dan fragmen sebesar 6 partikel dengan kelimpahan 0,3 partikel/ind. Hasil uji Regresi Linier Sederhana menunjukan pengaruh ukuran kerang darah terhadap jumlah mikroplastik sebesar 0,2581 (sangat rendah) dan hubungannya sebesar 0,5080 (rendah). Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara fiber dengan film (p-value 0,000 < α 0,05) dan antara fiber dengan fragmen (p-value 0,000 < α 0,05), sedangkan film dengan fragmen terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p-value 0,020 > α 0,05).
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN ASTEROIDEA DI ZONA INTERTIDAL GUSUNG SAPA SEGAJAH KOTA BONTANG
Authors: Syawalani Afsanti , Aditya Irawan  , Sari Lily Inderia
Published: October 2024

Asteroidea is a class of the phylum Echinodermata which has a radially symmetrical body shape and has five or more arms. The intertidal zone is a coastal area that lies between the highest tides and lowest ebb, this area represents the transition from ocean conditions to land conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and abundance of asteroids in Sapa Segajah, Bontang City. This research was conducted in April 2021. Sampling of asteroids using the purposive sampling method was carried out using transect plots measuring 1x1 m2 systematically along the intertidal zone in 12 plots. The results of the study found 3 types of asteroidea species, namely Protoreaster nodosus, Archaster typhicus and Culcita novaeguineae. Asteroidea diversity is in the low criterion with a value of 0.23, uniformity tends to be small or unstable and Protoreaster Nodosus dominates.
STUDI MORFOMETRIK UDANG BINTIK COKLAT (Metapenaeus demani) YANG TERTANGKAP DI PERAIRAN MUARA ILU KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Authors: Mustapa  , Abdunnur  , Ramang M. Syahrir
Published: October 2024

Udang Bintik Coklat (Metapenaeus demani) merupakan salah satu famili Penaidae, ukuran morfom dilakukan untuk melihat hal-hal yang mempengaruhi bentuk spesies tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai studi morfometri Udang Bintik Coklat (Metapenaeus demani) yang ditangkap di perairan Muara Ilu, Kutai Kartanegara. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Muara Ilu, Kutai Kartanegara pada bulan Desember 2021 – Januari 2022. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 300 ekor udang Brown Spot (Metapenaeus demani). Studi morfometrik pada udang Brown Spot (Metapenaeus demani) menggunakan analisis dengan uji analisis kovarians (ANCOVA) untuk melihat 19 kovariat morfometrik yang berpengaruh terhadap panjang total (PTO). Berdasarkan hasil analisis ANOVA uji univariat diperoleh 19 morfometri mempunyai nilai < 0,05 yang berarti H1 diterima, bahwa seluruh morfometrik berpengaruh terhadap PTO. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis ancova, didapatkan hasil 10 morfometrik yang memiliki sig < 0,05 yaitu panjang kepala (PK), panjang ruas pertama (PRP), panjang ruas ketiga (PRT), panjang tanpa kepala (PTK), panjang kepala bawah ( PKB) panjang ruas bawah pertama (PPB), panjang ruas bawah ketiga (PTB), panjang ruas bawah keempat (PEB), panjang ruas bawah kelima (PLB), panjang ruas keenam (PNB), sehingga hasil analisis uji ancova diperoleh pengaruh morfometrik paling nyata terhadap PTO yaitu 10 morfometer.
Medical drama TV series: A semi-systematic literature review
Authors: Sonego Allegra , Rocchi Marta
Published: October 2024

The primary goal of this study is to grasp the evolution of research surrounding medical drama TV series, delineate prevalent research domains along with their evolving approaches, and unearth potential gaps and emerging trends within the field. The research methodology employs a semi-systematic literature review to comprehensively explore the evolving landscape of medical drama TV series research. It follows structured, comprehensive, and transparent principles, including the definition of research questions, the explicit description of research methodology, and a multi-step screening process to classify the literature. Five research areas were defined for literature classification: Narrative Analysis, Pedagogy and Bioethics, Linguistics and Communication, Gender Studies, and Reception Studies. Analyzing 269 papers from 1964 to 2023, the review reveals medical dramas’ significant impact on audiences’ understanding of healthcare and their pedagogical value in teaching medical and ethical concepts to students across disciplines.
Tame, Messy and Wicked Problems in Hybrid Management – The Perspective of Management Students
Authors: Laaksonen Hannele , Vartiainen Pirkko
Published: October 2024

Remote management has increased in Finnish society due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It will be needed even after the pandemic, as remote work has become a stable and fairly common method in various organizations. The purpose of this study was to chart the views of social and health care professionals studying management on managers’ tame, messy and wicked problems. The study also examined in which contexts the respondents placed various problematic situations and phenomena present in organizations. The data were electronically collected from students (N=32) as qualitative data, which were analyzed through inductive content analysis and data quantification. Two main classes emerged from the data (f=313): the problems of ethical management (49%) and the problems of operations development (51%). Of the problems analyzed, 36% were classified as tame, 37% as messy and 27% as wicked. Tame problems were largely related to workplace communities, resource management and employee well-being. Messy problems mostly involved productivity, employee well-being and operations development. Wicked problems chiefly entailed workplace communities and operations development. Based on the results, hybrid management appears as in-person management in 40% and as remote management in 60% of the problems examined. The results can be used in developing hybrid management and culture and in the continuing education of managers. Further research is needed on the practical applications of hybrid management and the tame, messy and wicked problems of managers working on different levels. Keywords: hybrid management, in-person management, wicked problems, supervisor, social and health care, Finland
Recent Forced Migration and Demographic Trends of Endangered Areas of Ukraine
Authors: Komušanac Monika
Published: October 2024

Recent geopolitical circumstances in the area of the eastern Ukrainian-Russian border have resulted in intense forced migrations of the Ukrainian population into and out of the territory of Ukraine. According to estimates by the United Nations and the International Organization for Migration, about 13.5 million people participated in the wave of refugees and exiles, i.e., 30% of the total population of Ukraine (May 2023). Migration movements (external and internal) caused by the war showed a distinct spatial (regional) differentiation of certain forms of forced migration with regard to the main corridors, dynamics and scale of population displacement. The largest share of war migration in Ukraine refers to refugees and asylum seekers in the European area (8.2 million), and a smaller part to the internally displaced population who replaced their pre-war residence with that in the free territories of Ukraine (5.3 million) (UNCHR, 2023). Standard analytical demographic approach was based on a list of 14 threatened areas (territories) and selected indicators of the overall and natural population movement. Selected indicators and data pointed to the negative pre-war demographic trends of the threatened areas, above all to the level of natural and total depopulation and specific regional demographic relations that are a consequence of the unevenly successful transition-reform period after independence. Keywords: demographic potential, forced migration, war, threatened territories, Ukraine
Influence of chronic wartime stress on the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Fadieienko G. D. , Kushnir I. E. , Chernova V. M. , Solomentseva T. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective — to analyze levels of chronic stress hormones in patients with non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), who were exposed to psychogenic factors of wartime.
Materials and methods. Examinations involved 88 patients with NAFLD, form them 38 subject were examined in the pre‑war period (comparison group), 50 patients were under the influence of stress during hostilities (main group). Control group consisted of 20 practically healthy subjects. Patients’ groups matched by age. The main group consisted of 28 men and 22 women, the comparison included 17 men and 21 women. The mean age in the main group was (51.6±7.7) years and in the comparison group (51.8±8.1) року. The trophological status of patients was monitored with the use of Body Composition Monitor.Omron BF­­511; hormones of chronic stress were assessed with solid‑phase enzyme immunoassay.
Results. The assessment of levels of the chronic stress biochemical markers in NAFLD patients during the war demonstrated pronounced hyperprolactinemia in comparison with both control group and NAFLD patients examined in the pre‑war period. The dependence of stress hormone levels on the trophic status of patients and gender was revealed. A direct correlation between the prolactin level and the index of insulin resistance (IR), the percentage of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and the level of triglycerides (TG) was revealed. A weak positive correlation was also observed between the level of brain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and IR, VAT, TG, and C‑reactive protein (CRP). The activity of the inflammatory process depended on the level of dihydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which confirms the direct correlation between the level of this hormone and ALT and CRP.
Conclusions. The dependence of stress hormones levels on the trophic status of patients and gender was revealed. The level of DHEA in NAFLD patients with obesity and overweight significantly exceeded the corresponding indicators in the group with normal body mass index (BMI). In the group of overweight women who experienced negative consequences of military actions, the DHEA level significantly exceeded the corresponding indicators in comparison with the pre‑war period. Under the influence of military actions in patients of the main group, the reaction to stress was accompanied by an increase in prolactin levels in men with normal and overweight weight compared to the pre‑war period. In obese women from the main group, the hyperprolactinemia level significantly exceeded the corresponding values in the groups with normal and excessive BMI. The revealed correlation dependence between the stress hormones levels and metabolic factors indicates the influence of chronic stress on the main pathogenetic mechanisms of the development and progression of NAFLD in the conditions of war.
Skirted Foundation, Performance, Mechanism, and Limitations: A Review Study
Authors: Al dabi Sajjad Kamel , Albusoda Bushra Suhale
Published: October 2024

Semi-deep foundations are a viable option when the soil under the foundation is loose and extended to a significant depth, also, when traditional methods of improvement are not feasible applying piles would not be a practical choice due to their high cost and time-consuming installation process. Skirted foundations are a sort of semi-deep foundation that can penetrate the soil to a depth that is twice their width. Skirted foundations, in which a vertical or inclined wall surrounds one or more sides of the soil mass under the footing, are recommended methods to increase the soil's bearing capacity. The walls work to reduce settlement while enhancing load capacity and failure depth in soils with low shear strength. This paper discusses the previous experimental and numerical investigations conducted on skirted foundations. Various factors were considered, including soil type, degree of saturation, soil properties, skirt depth, and width, soil-skirt interaction, and different scenarios of applied loads such as inclination and eccentricity. These studies have effectively shown that skirted foundations are very successful in reducing sliding, overturning, and settlement while also increasing foundation stability, soil capacity, and uplift capacity.
Incorporating Recycled Crumb Rubber into Asphalt: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Oleiwi Safa I. , Albayati Amjad H.
Published: October 2024

Using asphalt mixtures with added materials became a significant field for enhancing asphalt properties. Crumb rubber or recycled tire rubber is one of these materials that gained great attention because it provides asphalt mixtures with enhanced properties and with the privilege of being economically and environmentally efficient where it reduces the waste tires from being disposed to nature. This study explores the latest articles in this field with a focus on different methods used to incorporate crumb rubber (CR) into the asphalt matrix. It has been noticed that most articles focus on the wet process for incorporating CR into asphalt. This method is known for its efficiency, but it consumes less CR as compared to the dry process. The dry process deals with CR as a substitute rather than an additive, but it is used less around the world in enhancing asphalt properties where it has less effect on asphalt characteristics development. The third method (terminal) is a mix between the mentioned methods and comprises the prospectives of both methods. The need for this research is underscored by the growing environmental and economic challenges associated with waste tire disposal and the continual degradation of road infrastructure. This study contributes to developing more sustainable, durable, and cost-effective road paving solutions by exploring the efficacy and methods of crumb rubber integration into asphalt.
Novel amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers for typing medically relevant Fusarium and allied fusarioid genera
Authors: Monteiro R.C. , Yu C.Z. , Dolatabadi S. , Hagen F. , Sandoval-Denis M. , Crous P.W. , Fisher M.C. , Gonçalves S.S. , de Camargo Z.P. , Hofling-Lima A.L. , Rodrigues A.M.
Published: October 2024

Fusariosis is an emerging mycosis caused by diverse Fusarium and allied fusarioid genera that are characterized by spindle-shaped macroconidia. These fungi possess a broad ecological distribution, causing infections in a wide diversity of hosts, spanning the animal and plant kingdoms. The spectrum of human fusariosis encompasses superficial lesions like keratitis and onychomycosis to invasive fungal diseases. Notable genera within the medically relevant fusarioid group include Neocosmospora, Fusarium s. str., and Bisifusarium. While Neocosmospora species (formerly F. solani species complex) are primary causative agents of human fusariosis, instances involving Fusarium s. str. and Bisifusarium (formerly F. dimerum species complex) have been reported. There is an urgent need for DNA-based markers to explore the epidemiology of these emerging fusarioid pathogens using molecular methods. We took advantage of fusarioid genomes available in NCBI (n = 20) to optimize the development of novel amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers by conducting in-depth in silico analyses to refine their applicability for studies on these pathogens’ genetic epidemiology. In-silico screening highlighted eight primer pair combinations (C1–C8) to be tested in vitro. The AFLP protocol was used for genotyping 40 medically relevant fusarioid fungi. Based on the overall scored AFLP markers (77–93 fragments), the values of polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.3474–0.3725), marker index (MI = 0.0038–0.0056), effective multiplex ratio (E = 26.3750–40.4750), resolving power (Rp = 40.1500–54.6000), discriminating power (D = 0.7978–0.8857), expected heterozygosity (H = 0.4476–0.4949), and mean heterozygosity (Havp = 0.0001) demonstrated the utility of these primer combinations for discriminating Neocosmospora, Fusarium s. str., and Bisifusarium species. Of relevance, some AFLP panels were better than others at studying genetic trends in Neocosmospora (#2 EcoRI-AT/MseI-TA, #3 EcoRI-AA/MseI-TT, and #5 EcoRI-AT/MseI-AG) or Fusarium s. str. (mainly #2 EcoRI-AT/MseI-TA and #6 EcoRI-GA/MseI-TT) and Bisifusarium (#1 EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG and #6 EcoRI-GA/MseI-TT), and these combinations will better resolve disease transmission routes. Our DNA fingerprint assay has proven effective by exhibiting rapidity, reproducibility, and high discriminatory capabilities, which represents a valuable asset in the ongoing efforts to combat fusariosis and enhance our scientific understanding of medically relevant Fusarium and allied fusarioid genera.
Strategies used by patients when getting in and out of bed early after hip fracture surgery – the HIP-ME-UP cohort
Authors: Hansen Maria Swennergren , Kirk Jeanette Wassar , Kristensen Morten Tange , Zilmer Camilla Kampp , Skibdal Kira Marie , Bandholm Thomas , Pedersen Mette Merete
Published: October 2024

Aim: In patients hospitalized following hip fracture, basic mobility status early after surgery and at discharge is associated with long-term outcomes. Getting in and out of bed is the basic mobility activity identified as one of the most challenging. Therefore, this study described strategies used by patients when getting in and out of bed early after hip fracture surgery.Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study (the HIP-ME-UP cohort; NCT05756517) at Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre. We filmed patients getting in and out of bed during physiotherapy sessions on post operative days 3-5 by using an iPad. We analyzed the recordings using a quantitative film analysis with all recordings structured into three phases: preparation, lie-to-sit (out of bed)/sit-to-lie (into bed) and positioning. Results: 42 patients (23 women) with a mean (SD) age of 78.7 (7.6) years were enrolled. For getting out of bed, we identified five strategies in the preparation phase, seven strategies in the lie-to-sit phase, and two strategies in the positioning phase. For getting into bed, we identified five strategies within each of the three phases. The choice of strategies for patients who were independent in getting in/out of bed was similar to patients in need of assistance.Conclusion: Patients hospitalized following hip fracture surgery use different strategies when getting in and out of bed. Patients requiring assistance and those being independent used similar strategies, which suggests that it is important to tailor rehabilitation to each patient's specific needs rather than their level of independence.
On the Mittag-Leffler Function connection to Spiral like functions
Authors: Omar Ali
Published: October 2024

In this study, we evoke the connection between a Mittag-Leffler function with a subclass of spiral like functions. Hence, we derive several results and conclusions
Exploring Biodiversity Through Taxonomic Data: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Kumari Shipra
Published: October 2024

This Project has analysis of  a dataset of survey papers to uncover trends and insights into research developments across various fields. By exploring attributes such as taxonomy, release date, and summaries, we visualize paper trends over time. Additionally, we classify the papers using machine learning techniques, addressing class imbalance through data augmentation and stratified sampling. Implementing stratified cross-validation ensures robust model evaluation. Ultimately, this work aims to enhance understanding of survey literature and provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in their respective domains.
Survey Trends using LLM Models
Authors: Tasvi Adappa
Published: October 2024

This report outlines a comprehensive analysis of survey papers within a specific dataset using various data science techniques. The primary objective is to explore, manipulate, and evaluate the data to understand the trends and taxonomy distributions of surveys in this domain.
Data exploration began with a time-series analysis of survey releases, visualizing trends over time. Taxonomy distributions were then examined using bar charts and pie charts to uncover the most frequent categories.
In the data manipulation phase, we constructed a feature matrix by applying TF-IDF vectorization to the text fields (titles and summaries) and using one-hot encoding for the categorical variables. These features were then normalized and split into training and testing sets to prepare for model evaluation.
The data evaluation process employed a Random Forest classifier to predict the taxonomy of surveys based on the features extracted. Performance was measured using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, with the model achieving an accuracy of 34.48 percentage. Although the model's performance indicates room for improvement, this analysis demonstrates the potential of machine learning in automating the classification of survey papers based on their content.
This study illustrates how data science techniques, including natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning, can be applied to understand trends, perform feature engineering, and evaluate models in the context of survey data. Future work could involve the use of more advanced models and feature selection techniques to enhance predictive accuracy.
“Who blends in and why (not)?” A qualitative study on psychotherapists’ patient inclusion in blended care
Authors: Jordan Sophie , Becker Pauline , Knaevelsrud Christine , Behr Solveig , Fenski Friederike , Boettcher Johanna , Schaeuffele Carmen
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Psychotherapists may act as bottlenecks in the integration of digital interventions into psychotherapy, known as blended care (BC). In the literature, various factors are discussed as potential inclusion, exclusion, or limiting criteria in BC.Method: Our aim for this interview study was to gain a deeper understanding of the factors psychotherapists consider when inviting patients to participate in BC. For this purpose, we interviewed seven psychotherapists with a psychodynamic and seven psychotherapists with a cognitive behavioral background who participate in a naturalistic trial on BC in routine outpatient psychotherapy. Results: Psychotherapists considered few fixed inclusion or exclusion criteria when considering which patients to introduce BC to. The basic technical requirements had to be met and the patients had to be fit for outpatient therapy. Psychotherapists found patients’ response to BC, like their motivation, to be a decisive factor when considering BC. Discussion: Patient motivation for BC emerged as another potential bottleneck in its implementation. Therefore, a successful implementation strategy should focus on strengthening both psychotherapists' and patients' motivation to engage with BC. The openness of psychotherapists towards patient characteristics suggests that BC in outpatient care may target a broad patient population.
Why money's value doesn't require any social agreement or existing trade system. Explained fully in one page.
Authors: Ennis E. Garrett
Published: October 2024

There are many explanations for the value of money, but they all seem to depend on things like "trust," "shared fiction," "agreement" or even potentially circular logic like that money's value is based on its usefulness as money. But there is a full process by which money, the desire we feel for it, and even how we end up trading it, can emerge naturally from the dynamics of natural selection and human interaction, with a basis in real value, and happening repeatedly and reliably, even if a group of people all agree that money or precious metals are worthless. We discuss this fully in the paper "The Monetary Instinct," but here, for accessibility's sake, the entire concept is described in one-page.
The Monetary Instinct - Why social agreement isn't necessary for people to want and trade money.
Authors: Ennis E. Garrett
Published: October 2024

People have said for generations that money is based on "trust," or "shared fiction." But that doesn't explain why cultures all eventually come to value the same metals or items as money. Others have said that the value of money depends on the way it facilitates trade, but even that doesn't explain where the value emerges before people agree to use money to trade. In actuality, there's a real value to gold, silver, and other forms of money that makes them reliably gain worth to people, and will emerge eventually even if everyone in a society does not like or believe in those precious metals or possessions. This is because possessing scarce objects has real reputational value among people, since having those objects indicates that we can go outside the known territory, and we instinctively collect and want things that have known scarcity. When that scarcity combines with other traits like transferability, durability and so on, we can see that money naturally emerges in society. We can use this idea to also see the real value and desire that people have for new forms of money like cryptocurrencies, and to know what will or won't emerge and last as a form of money in the future.
Tracking fraction knowledge development using grade-appropriate assessment
Authors: Starling-Alves Isabella , Liao Xiangyi , Huang Qi , Bolt Daniel M. , Hubbard Edward M. , Matthews Percival G
Published: October 2024

Fraction knowledge predicts higher-order mathematics. Valid measures are crucial for understanding its developmental trajectory. This accelerated longitudinal study designed and validated grade-appropriate versions of the Fraction Knowledge Assessment (FKA) and examined children's development from 2nd to 6th grade. Methods: We measured the fraction knowledge of 342 children. We assessed FKAs reliability, validity, and factor structure and used Item Response Theory (IRT) to calibrate item difficulty and link across versions. Then, we investigated longitudinal changes in children’s fraction knowledge. Results and Conclusion: All FKAs had good internal consistency and concurrent validity, and fit well with a one-dimensional model. IRT analyses revealed a shift from fraction magnitude items discriminating students in early grades, to operation items discriminating students in advanced grades. Development was more pronounced from 2nd to 3rd than from 5th to 6th grade, aligning with local curricula. We share the FKA versions to support further research and educational practice.
pH profile and acidity analysis of some Nepalese tea brands: effects of tea Type and temperature
Authors: Chaudhary Narendra Kumar , Thakur Sanjaya , Budhathoki Sujan , Baral Dipak
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the pH of four popular Nepalese tea brands such as Tokla, Ridhisidhi, Suman, and Muna, under different conditions to assess their acidity and potential health implications. The teas were prepared using standardized brewing methods, and pH measurements were taken at room temperature and after chilling to observe any temperature-related variations. Freshly brewed teas tended to be more alkaline, while those with added sugar and lemon were more acidic. Temperature changes had minimal impact on pH, indicating that acidity remains stable whether the tea is consumed hot or cold. While the pH range of these teas is generally safe for consumption, it may cause discomfort for those with acid sensitivity. These findings provide insights into the acidity of Nepalese teas and its potential effects on sensory and health attributes.
लैंङ्गिकतामा आधारित हिंसा न्यूनीकरएणको लागि स्थानीय सरकारको भूमिका {Role of Local Governments in Reducing Gender-Based Violence}
Authors: अधिकारी {Ahikari} रमेश {Ramesh}
Published: October 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखले लैंङ्गिकतामा आधारित हिंसा न्यूनीकरणको लागि स्थानीय सरकारको भूमिका अन्तर्गत गोरखा नगरपालिकाले खेलेको भूमिकाको लेखाजोखा गरेको छ । यस अध्ययनका लागि प्राथमिक र द्धितीय स्रोतवाट तथ्यांक संकलन गरिएको छ । अन्तर्वाता विधिमार्फत प्राप्त तथ्यांकहरुलाई व्याख्या विश्लेषण गर्न गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान विधि अपनाईएको छ । अध्ययनवाट प्राप्त जानकारी, तथ्यांक तथा कार्यसम्पन्न प्रतिवेदनको विश्लेषण गर्दा गोरखा नगरपालिकामा शारीरिक तथा मानसिक हिंसा, सामाजिक तथा साँस्कृतिक हिंसा, यौनिक तथा यौन हिंसा तथा आर्थिक हिंसा रहेको देखिन्छ । यस्ता हिंसा न्यूनीकरणको लागि यस पालिकाले कानुन निर्माण गरी कार्यान्वयनमा ल्याएको, विभिन्न कार्यक्रम र अभियायहरु संचालन गरेको, हिंसा न्यूनीकरणको लागि मेलमिलापको माध्यमलाई अधिक उपयोगमा ल्याएको पाइयो । यस पालिकामा विद्यमान गरीवी, पारिवारिक वेमेले, सामाजिक कुरिती र अन्धविश्वासका कारण लैंङ्गिकतामा आधारित हिंसा न्यूनीकरण चुनौतिरहित हुन सकेको छैन । सीमित स्रोत साधन, भौगोलिक विकटता, सामाजिक विखण्डन, राजनीतिक अस्थिरता, दलीय राजनीतिको प्रभावका वावजुद पनि पालिकाले यस क्षेत्रमा विद्यमान हिंसाको पहिचान गरी त्यसको न्यूनीकरणको लागि प्रत्यक्ष देखिने गरी परिवर्तनहरु ल्याएको पाइयो । यस अर्थमा स्थानीय निकायको तदारुकता र सुझवुझपूर्ण योजना एवं निर्णय, सामथ्र्यले लैंङ्गिकतामा आधारित हिंसा न्यूनीकरण गरी सामाजिक न्यायलाई वलियो वनाउँदै यस पालिकालाई सभ्य र सुसँस्कृत वनाउन सक्ने अपेक्षा गर्न सकिन्छ ।
Use and Importance of Qualitative Research in School Education
Authors: Aryal Saroj
Published: October 2024

Quantitative research has long been the dominant approach in education, yet its focus on numerical data has left gaps in understanding human attributes and behaviors. Consequently, qualitative research has gained prominence in studying human-related factors across various sectors, including education. This shift prompts critical questions regarding the importance and utility of qualitative research in school education. This study explores the significance of qualitative research in the educational context, addressing key questions such as the importance of qualitative research in school education and the rationale behind its utilization. By examining and interpreting various written or recorded materials, including reports, letters, and social media posts, this study draws insights into specific phenomena within school environments. The critical paradigm serves as a crucial framework for understanding and addressing social inequalities and power imbalances within the educational system. By adopting a critical perspective, this study focuses on school-related variables through secondary documents such as articles and books, highlighting the importance of  qualitative  research in addressing systemic issues. Qualitative research delves into the complexities of human behavior by exploring individuals’ experiences, ideas, feelings, and behaviors. Through informal data collection techniques such as focus groups, observations, and interviews, researchers gain a comprehensive understanding of various topics. In the realm of education, qualitative research offers valuable insights that complement quantitative approaches, contributing to a holistic understanding of educational phenomena. Qualitative research plays a crucial role in enhancing our understanding of human attributes and behaviors within the educational context. By embracing diverse perspectives and methodologies, qualitative research contributes to more nuanced and comprehensive educational practices and policies.
Curriculum Differentiation Practice: A Case Study of Visual Impairments
Authors: G.C. Krishna Bahadur
Published: October 2024

Curriculum signifies a holistic plan including the objectives, content, strategy, and assessment system. It is the backbone of the inclusive education system of the nation. Everyone has the right to education from the perspective of human rights and child rights. There are diverse backgrounds in the classrooms of Nepalese schools. One of the diversity is visual impairments. Visual impairment can be caused by loss of vision, causing the eyes not to be able to see objects as clearly as usual. It can also be due to visual field loss, which makes it impossible to see a wide area as usual without moving the eyes or turning the head. To secure their rights, the nation provides the proper education. Curriculum differentiation practice is one of the best ways to inclusive process. Regarding this, exploring the present practice of curriculum differentiation and exploring its major problems are objectives of the research which provide guidelines to complete the study. With the support of socio-cultural theory and multiple intelligence theory, this research is held. A qualitative case study approach based on this study including interview and non-participation observation techniques of information generation explores the real practice of curriculum differentiation in the case of visual impairments. Lack of proper training, resources, culturally reflected curricula, and traditional assessment systems are some problems of differentiated practice where the braille script, assistive technology, individualized educational plans and peer support, and inclusive practice along with sensitization and awareness are some better practices of it. To reduce the barrier of differentiated practice, regular teacher training, increasing participation ofstakeholdersin the curriculum development process, resource allocation, and the assessment system should be reformed. By doing it the curriculum’s differentiated practice ensures inclusion.
Factors Influencing Girl Students’ Drop Out in Higher Educational Institution
Authors: Subedi Menuka
Published: October 2024

Students’ drop out has been one of the challenges in the higher education institutions of Nepal. Compared to boys, the number of girl students’ dropout is more increasing and there might be several contributing factors. In this context, this study explores the factors influencing for the dropout of girl students in higher education in the Gorkha Campus. This study follows the theoretical tenets of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and motivation and engagement. It is a qualitative study. The data was collected from Gorkha Campus where the total girl students of Gorkha Campus constituted the population an only 15 percent dropout students of bachelor’s degree under faculty of education and five teaching faculties of Gorkha Campus (under education stream) were selected as the respondents through random sampling procedure. Open ended interview was used as the tool for the collection of required information. This study has found that personal (student-related) factors, institution related factors, socio-cultural factors and geographical factors play highly significant role in determining girl students’ dropout. The main reasons of girl students’ dropout explored from personal or student related factors were their getting married, low academic achievement in examination, irregularity in classroom; institution-related factors were lack of academic support, feedback, motivation and encouragement from teachers, and problem of institutional information system, and alternative teaching mode; family-related factors were lack of financial support of family and different family problems and at last geographical factor were transportation problem and facility of hostel.
Synergistic Application of Metaphorical and Humorous Elements in Polish and English Advertising Discourse
Authors: Stwora Anna
Published: October 2024

The book Synergistic Application aims at investigating the synergistic application of metaphorical and humorous elements in Polish and English multimodal press ads. The presence of conceptual similarities as regards both construction and understanding of humour and metaphor, seen through the lens of the theory of conceptual integration, is a starting point for discussion. The analysis of advertising material makes it possible to investigate joint workings of the phenomena in question. Furthermore, research participants’ feelings on perceived attractiveness and funniness levels of the ads sampled are examined. The results help to check how the informants understand the mechanisms inducing humour and metaphor in ads, which allows for the identification of both similarities and differences between the two language samples.
ANALISIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 97/PUU-XIV/2016 BAGI EKSISTENSI PENGHAYAT KEPERCAYAAN DALAM LENSA POLITIK KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Ginting Eikel
Published: October 2024

Pengesahan putusan No. 97/PUU-XIV/2016 oleh Makhamah Konstitusi memberikan ruang bagi penghayat kepercayaan kembali mendapatkan pengakuan dan jaminan atas hak-hak mereka sebagai warga negara. Tetapi, secara implementasi putusan tersebut belum mengakomodasi sesungguhnya hak-hak penganut kepercayaan di Indonesia. Dalam prakteknya, pengakuan dan jaminan tersebut seringkali tidak sesuai dengan harapan; belum secara maksimal mendapatkan pengakuan karena masih harus mengosongkan kolom agamanya, mendapatkan persekusi, ataupun kesetaraan hak pendidikan yang tidak merata. Maka dari itu tulisan ini meninjau bagaimana putusan MK No. 97/PUU-XIV/2016 mempengaruhi hak-hak penghayat kepercayaan dalam konteks administrasi kependudukan di Indonesia? Penelitian ini menggunakan pemikiran Zainal Abidin Bagir dalam menganalisis keputusan tersebut sehingga dapat memahami dinamika yang terjadi dan menemukan permasalahan dalam implementasi keputusan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi keputusan tersebut belum berdampak secara langsung bagi penghayat kepercayaan, sebab redistribusi kesejahteraan yang belum terpenuhi dan keterlibatan yang masih pasif di ruang publik menunjukkan politik kewargaan penghayat kepercayaan menjadi pasif. Maka, melalui penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya aktualisasi hak, mendengarkan aspirasi dan juga melibatkan para penghayat kepercayaan melalui edukasi dan pemberdayaan yang merata.
SPIRITUAL COUNSELING APPROACHES IN RELIGIOUS POLICY FOR HANDLING ROHINGYA REFUGEES
Authors: Mubarak Azhar , Azka Ibnu
Published: October 2024

This research aims to explore and analyze the application of the spiritual counseling approach in religious policies for handling Rohingya refugees.Rohingya refugees who have experienced trauma and psychological stress due to genocide and oppression in Myanmar need special assistance in recovering their mental health. A spiritual counseling approach, which integrates religious values in the counseling process, is considered effective for overcoming psychosocial problems faced by refugees. This study uses a literature study research method by collecting and analyzing various secondary sources such as books, journal articles, policy reports and official documents. The results of this research show that spiritual counseling can have a significant influence in recovering the mental health of Rohingya refugees by restoring their psychological function and strengthening their religious values. The implementation of spiritual counseling carried out by various institutions, such as UNHCR, IOM, and local religious organizations, hass hown a positive impact in reducing anxiety, depression and trauma experienced by refugees. In addition, the people of Aceh who have the same religious background as the Rohingya refugees provide strong support for this program. In conclusion, the spiritual counseling approach through religious policies is an effective strategy for psychosocial management of Rohingya refugees , especially in the context of mental health recovery. This research recommends increasing cooperation between governments, international organizations, and religious institutions to expand the reach and effectiveness of spiritual counseling programs for refugees.
KOSMOPOLITANISME ISLAM: GAGASAN NURCHOLISH MADJID DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI KEBIJAKAN KEAGAMAAN DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Firnando Hero Gefthi
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep kosmopolitanisme Islam dari Nurcholish Madjid dan implikasinya terhadap kebijakan agama kontemporer dalam konteks globalisasi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis tulisan-tulisan Madjid untuk menggali pandangannya tentang inklusivitas, keterlibatan antaragama, dan integrasi prinsip-prinsip Islam dengan norma-norma global. Analisis isi yang rinci mengidentifikasi tema-tema inti dalam visi Madjid untuk mendorong toleransi, pemahaman, dan kesatuan di antara komunitas agama yang beragam. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep Madjid dapat secara signifikan mempengaruhi kebijakan agama untuk meningkatkan kohesi sosial. Pembahasan selanjutnya mencakup studi kasus yang menggambarkan penerapan praktis kosmopolitanisme Islam. Penelitian ini diakhiri dengan menyoroti potensi transformatif dari ide-ide Madjid untuk kebijakan agama global dan menyarankan jalan untuk penelitian masa depan tentang implementasi praktisnya.
“I found these places to be toxic”: A mixed methods content analysis of visitors’ impressions of incel forums
Authors: Laplante Sabrina , Labranche Andrée-Ann , Boislard Marie Aude
Published: October 2024

The forums of involuntary celibates (incels) are easily accessible and increasingly receiving attention from media, scholars, and non-incels, mostly for their troubling content against women. This study aimed to (a) qualitatively describe the different impressions of visitors and (b) quantitively examine the sociodemographic characteristics associated with the prevalence of each category of impressions. The sample comprised 390 adults (43% women; 2.56% self-identified incels; Mage = 26.86) who have visited incel forums at least once. They completed an online questionnaire on sexual inexperience in adulthood and described their impressions of incel forums in an open-ended question. An inductive content analysis revealed that impressions of incel forums were positioned on a continuum ranging from threat (39.53%) to shelter (11.90%) with four intermediate categories: incel forums as testimonies of dysfunctional thoughts (20.04%), incel forums perceived as odd (11.02%), ambivalent impressions (3.45%), and incel forums as gatherings of individuals with difficulties (14.14%). Chi-square analyses revealed that, among participants who perceive incel forums as a threat, women, other genders individuals, and non-incels were overrepresented compared to men and incels, who were more likely to perceive incel forums as a shelter. t-test analyses revealed that participants who perceived incel forums as a shelter were older at first sexual intercourse. These results suggest that incel forums are not perceived as dangerous by all outsiders and that those who have more positive impressions (i.e., men, late sexual starters) are those most likely to relate to them. The implications for future research and professional practice are discussed.
“My chief pleasure has been books”: On Teaching Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho
Authors: Smith Adam James , Barnett-Woods Victoria
Published: October 2024

In the Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho (1781–82), Sancho’s erudition, wit, pleasure in the arts, and love for his wife far outweigh extended considerations of systemic racism and personal struggle. This essay discusses two classroom experiences, one in the state of Maryland (US) and the other in the UK. What we have realized in our pedagogical approaches to teaching Sancho’s Letters is how immensely entrenched the association of Black subjectivity with historical suffering remains within academia. We propose some strategies developed in our own respective teaching to help students be more alert to the complex subjectivities Sancho inhabits, including foregrounding form and composition, exploring eighteenth-century inter-textuality, and moving away from the implicit promise that a literary survey course models anything like a comprehensive or totalizing account of the period.
РОЗВИТОК МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ ЯК ЧИННИК СТІЙКОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА В УМОВАХ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ АГРЕСІЇ
Authors: Новакова Олена
Published: October 2024

Обґрунтовано важливу роль місцевого самоврядування як складової політики забезпечення національної стійкості українського суспільства в умовах військової російської агресії. Проаналізовано чинники та умови, що безпосередньо впливають на адаптивні та функціональні здатності органів місцевого самоврядування. Підкреслено значення системи відносин та взаємодії між законодавчим органом влади та місцевим самоврядуванням. Зазначено, що важливим джерелом стійкості місцевого самоврядування є громадянська участь та активна політична комунікація. Проаналізовано зміни у сфері інформування і громадсько-політичної участі мешканців територіальних громад після російського вторгнення. Визначено ефективність електронних інструментів залучення громадян до вирішення проблем в територіальних громадах; підсилення тенденції до розширення використання соціальних мереж та месенджерів у якості джерел інформування громадян. Виявлено проблеми у застосуванні інструментів громадської участі та політичної комунікації. Запропоновано розвинути застосування ефективної та прозорої системи стратегічної взаємодії держави, регіонів та територіальних громад.