bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neurotoxic effects of different sizes of plastics (Nano, Micro, and Macro) on juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Hamed Mohamed , Martyniuk Christopher J. , Naguib Mervat , Lee Jae-Seong , Sayed Alaa El-Din H.
Published: June 2022

Using common carp as a model, we assessed the effects of polyethylene (PE) plastics on brain. We measured activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), and the content of nitric oxide (NO) in carp brain following exposure to 100 mg/L of either macroplastics (MaP), microplastics (MPs) or nanoplastic (NPs) for 15 days compared to an unexposed group. Following exposure, each biochemical biomarker was reduced 30-40%, with a higher magnitude of change corresponding to the smaller size of the particles (NPs>MPs>MaPs). In the carp tectum, exposure for 15 days to plastic particles caused varying degrees of necrosis, fibrosis, changes in blood capillaries, tissue detachment, edema, degenerated connective tissues, and necrosis in large cerebellar neurons and ganglion cells. In the carp retina, there was evidence for necrosis, degeneration, vacuolation, and curvature in the inner layer. Here we provide evidence that exposure to plastic particles can be associated with neurotoxicity in common carp.
Process optimisation for the development of giloy (Tinospora cordifolia L.) juice incorporated amla pulp candy
Authors: P Nirmal , Malik Tanu
Published: June 2022

The juice extracted from the giloy (Tinospora cordifolia L.) stem was incorporated with the pulp of amla (Embilica officinalis Gaertn.) for the preparation of value-added nutritive candy. The process optimization was carried out for the prepared amla- giloy (AG) candy using the ‘one factor at a time’ (OFAT) method. Different concentrations of giloy juice (24ml, 48ml, 60ml, 72ml, and 96ml) were mixed with amla pulp for the development of candy and named AG-1, AG-2, AG-3, AG-4, and AG-5, respectively. AG-3 candy(1:1) with 60ml giloy juice and 60ml amla pulp was selected as the best candy for consumption which is rich in ascorbic acid (186.84mg/100g), β-carotene (166.120µg/100g), free radical inhibition rate (23.42%), total phenol content (55.472mg GAE/100g) and showed no growth of microbes in it. The selected AG candy is accepted with respect to the taste, color, and mouthfeel with overall sensory acceptability of 7.53 on the 9-point hedonic scale.
The anticancer effect of honeybee propolis extract on the β-catenin gene expression in the AGS cell line
Authors: Shahbazi Afagh , Deilami Zahra
Published: June 2022

Background and Objective: As the second cause of cancer-related death, gastric cancer (GC) is a major health challenge worldwide. Today, numerous efforts are underway to discover cancer biomarkers and drugs that affect these biomarkers. One of these biomarkers is the β-catenin protein, the expression of which has recently been shown to increase in GC. In addition, many ongoing efforts have focused on finding organic and natural medicines without the side effects of chemotherapy. One of these natural substances is honeybee propolis. In the present study, the effect of this extract was investigated on β-catenin gene expression in AGS cells.Materials and Methods: Propolis extract was applied to AGS cells at doses of 800, 1200, and 2000 μg/ml at intervals of 48 and 72 h. Next, the expression of this gene was evaluated by extracting RNA using the GAPDH as the reference gene. Finally, the difference in the β-catenin expression between the treatment and control groups was examined by data analysis.Results: A significant decrease was observed in the expression of the β-catenin gene in cells treated within 48 h, but no significant difference in the expression was found in the treatment at 72 h. However, the results are promising for the future use of honeybee propolis in cancer treatment in further studies.
Safety and efficacy of 8- and 10-sector ultrasound cyclocoagulation: a retrospective study
Authors: Rong Zhang , Li Fuhua
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To measure the efficacy and safety of ultrasound cycloplasty (UCP) in sectors 8 and 10.Methods: Thirty-four patients with various types and degrees of glaucoma (43 eyes) underwent UCP at the Aier Eye Hospital of Tianjin University. Primary outcomes included intraocular pressure and visual acuity. Secondary outcomes included corneal endothelium, pupil area, cornea (Surface asymmetry index）SAI and(Surface regularity index) SRI , ciliary body detachment, and the safety and efficacy of UCP after trabeculectomy.Results: Twelve months postoperatively, intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased from 28.4 mmHg to 14.4 mmHg (P < 0.05). On average, IOP decreased by 44.7%, and the success rate was 55.8%. At the final follow-up, IOP decreased by 43.46% on average, and the success rate was 62.8%. There was a significant difference in the postoperative pupil area of the eight sectors (P = 0.016) within six months and no significant difference after six months. There was a significant difference in SRI between baseline and one month after UCP (P = 0.016) and no significant difference in the remaining months. There was no significant difference in corneal endothelium from the preoperative baseline. Ciliary body detachment occurred in sectors 8 and 10, and it was removed and reduced one month after surgery. The success rate of UCP after trabeculectomy was 91%, and there were no follicle-related complications.Conclusion: UCP is safe and significantly lowers IOP, with few short-term complications and no long-term complications. It is safe and effective to select sectors 10 and 8 for IOP reduction; however, there is no advantage in IOP reduction compared with sector 6.
RSPO2 is a novel sensitive and specific biomarker in esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Peng Quanzhou , Cao Tianfeng , Ye Zhujia , Wang Jun , Chen Shang , Yu Yanqi , Yu Yingdian , Xue Wenyuan , Chen Zhiwei , Cheng Zhiqiang , Fan Jian-Bing
Published: June 2022

Background: Esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (ESIN) is considered a precursor lesion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), High grade ESIN (HGESIN)has much higher risk of progression to ESCC comparing with low grade ESIN(LGESIN). the distinction between squamous cell dysplasia and reactive changes, and HGESIN and LGESIN can sometimes be subjective and challenging. RSPO2 is a member of the R-spondin family of proteins, and was identified as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the cancer type. Methods: In the current study, we compared the immunohistochemistry(IHC) expression of newly identified marker RSPO2 with p53 and Ki-67 in different esophageal squamous lesions, and to evaluate correlations between their expression levels in these lesions. Results: IHC stains of RSPO2, p53 and Ki-6 were performed on endoscopic submucosal dissection specimens from 71 patients including 96 HGESIN, 50 LGESIN, and 160 fragments of adjacent normal squamous esophageal mucosa. RSPO2 and Ki-67 showed high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing ESIN from normal squamous epithelium. The sensitivity of high level expression of RSPO2 in distinguishing HGESIN from LGESIN was as high as 97.92%, but specificity was only 72%. The specificity of strong staining of RSPO2 in distinguishing HGESIN from LGESIN was as high as 100%, but the sensitivity was as low as 29.17%. The specificity of high level expression of Ki-67 and p53 in distinguishing HGESIN from LGESIN was 96% and 96% respectively, but sensitivity was reduced to 56.25% and 62.5% respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that both RSPO2 and Ki-67 can be useful in differential diagnosing ESIN.
A Possible Case of Bictegravir-Associated Severe Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Parmar Kanak , Mekraksakit Poemlarp , Nugent Kenneth , Nichols Jacob
Published: June 2022

Background: Bictegravir (BIC) co-formulated with emtricitabine (FTC) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is approved by Federal Food and Drug Administration in 2018 for both treatment-naïve and experienced persons living with HIV (PLWH)Case Presentation: A young man with recently diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented with jaundice. Blood work was significant for mild anemia and grade 4 unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. A comprehensive evaluation for hemolytic anemia failed to reveal any etiology. Other causes of hyperbilirubinemia were negative. Four months prior, patient was started on antiretroviral therapy with a single tablet regimen containing bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF), brand name Biktarvy®, and the medication was suspected to be the cause. The medication was held, and the hyperbilirubinemia improved. Conclusion: Severe hyperbilirubinemia can be found in the patient using BIC/FTC/TAF. The data for this adverse reaction is scarce, and more studies are needed on this possible side effect. The mechanism of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia by INSTI remains undefined.
ExAdEx: A simple method to maintain human adipose tissue in long-term cultures reveals differential expansion of adipose progenitor cell subpopulations in fibrotic and pro-inflammatory micro-environments.
Authors: DANI Vincent , BRUNI-FAVIER Solène , CHIGNON-SICARD Bérengère , LOUBAT Agnès , DOGLIO Alain , DANI Christian
Published: June 2022

A relevant model to explore how to promote expansion of adipose progenitor cells (APCs) in lean and obese contexts is still lacking, as current adipocyte models have serious limitations. In this work, we describe a novel adipose tissue model, named ExAdEx, that can be obtained from cosmetic surgery wastes. ExAdEx products are adipose tissue units maintaining the characteristics and organization of adipose tissue as it presents in vivo. The model was viable and metabolically active up to two months and could adopt a pathological-like phenotype. It revealed that inflammatory and fibrotic micro-environments regulated expansion of the CD26 APC subpopulation and its CD54 and CD142 APC progenies differentially. The approach used significantly improves the method of generating adipose tissue models and ExAdEx constitutes a relevant model of human adipose tissue that could be used to identify pathways promoting expansion of APCs in physiological and pathological contexts.
Intra- and Interobserver Reliability Analysis of Pediatric Lower Limb Parameters on Digital Long Leg Radiographs
Authors: Braun Sebastian , Brenneis Marco , Holder Jana , Meurer Andrea , Stief Felix
Published: June 2022

Background:Malalignments of the lower extremity are common reasons for orthopedic consultation because it may lead to osteoarthritis in adulthood. An accurate and reliable radiological assessment of lower limb alignment in children and adolescents is essential for clinical decision-making on treatment of limb deformities and for regular control after a surgical intervention.Objective: First, does the analysis of full-length standing anteroposterior radiographs show a good intra- and interobserver reliability? Second, which parameter is most susceptible to observer-dependent errors? Third, what is the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM95%) of the absolute femoral and tibial length?Methods:Two observers evaluated digital radiographs of 144 legs from 36 children and adolescents with pathological valgus alignment before a temporary hemiepiphysiodesis and before implant removal. Parameters included Mechanical Femorotibial Angle (MFA), Mechanical Axis Deviation (MAD), mechanical Lateral Distal Femoral Angle (mLDFA), mechanical Medial Proximal Tibial Angle (mMPTA), mechanical Lateral Proximal Femoral Angle (mLPFA), mechanical Lateral Distal Tibial Angle (mLDTA), Joint Line Convergence Angle (JLCA), femur length, tibial length. Intra- and interobserver reliability (ICC2,1), SEM95% and proportional errors were calculated.Results:The intra- and interobserver reliability for almost all measurements was found to be good to excellent (Intra-ICC2,1: 0.849–0.999; Inter-ICC2,1: 0.864–0.996). The SEM95% of both observers was found to be ±1.39° (MFA), ±3.31mm (MAD), ±1.06° (mLDFA) and ±1.29° (mMPTA). The proportional error of MAD and MFA are comparable (47.29% vs. 46.33%). The relevant knee joint surface angles show a lower proportional error for mLDFA (42.40%) than for mMPTA (51.60%). JLCA has a proportional error of 138%. Furthermore, the SEM95% for the absolute values of the femoral and tibial length were 4.53mm for the femur and 3.12mm for the tibia.Conclusions:In conclusion, a precise malalignment measurement and the knowledge about SEM95% of the respective parameters is crucial for correct surgical or nonsurgical treatment. The susceptibility to error must be taken into account when interpreting malalignment analysis and must be considered when planning a surgical intervention. The results of the present study elucidate that MAD and MFA are equally susceptible to observer-dependent errors. This study shows good to excellent intra- and interobserver ICCs for all leg alignment parameters and joint surface angles, except for JLCA.Trial registration: This study was registered with DRKS (German Clinical Trials Register) under the number DRKS00015053.Level of Evidence: Level I, Diagnostic Study
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Impact on the Mother-Infant Gut and Breast Milk Bacteriome
Authors: Valencia-Castillo Sandra Y. , Hernández-Beza Mayte J. , Powell-Cerda Irisbeth , Acosta-Cruz Erika , Rodríguez-Castillejos Guadalupe C. , Siller-López Fernando , Martínez-Montoya Humberto
Published: June 2022

Background
Human breast milk is a complex fluid that provides both macronutrients and micronutrients critical for the infant development. Several studies have been focused on the characterization of the human breast milk (HBM) microbiota, nowadays we know it is composed by a rich community of bacteria, viruses, protozoa and anaerobic fungi. However, it is considered that the human microbiome is not static, instead is described as a dynamic living system shaped by several factors like age, demography, malnutrition, sex, diet, sexual behavior, antibiotics and health condition. Previous studies have demonstrated that metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus induces dysbiosis in the gut microbiome in affected individuals. However, how gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects the HBM microbiota remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial diversity through the massive sequencing of the 16S rRNA in Colombian infants breastfed with HBM from GDM and control women.
Methods
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we collected HBM and stool samples from GDM and healthy mother-infant pairs in Pereira (Colombia). The whole DNA was purified and the 16S V3-V4 region was amplified and sequenced. Reads obtained were quality filtered and classified by homology according to the Ribosomal Small Subunit SILVA.
Results
Our results revealed that the most abundant phyla in the collected samples are Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. Interestingly, we found significant differences in the bacterial relative abundances GDM mothers’ gut compared to the control group, notably Bifidobacterium, Serratia and Sutterella were negatively associated to GDM. In the HBM significant differences were observed in Sutterella, Serratia, Lactococcus were in low RA in GDM whereas Veillonella was in high RA. On the other hand, in the infant, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Sutterella, Serratia, Streptococcus, and Veillonella had low presence while Lactococcus and Flavonifractor were in significant high abundance in GDM, these differences in the bacterial community structure in GDM mother and their infants could be linked to vitamin K and several forms of vitamin B deficiency, inflammatory disease, and gut bacterial homeostasis.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that gut bacteriome profiles vary between healthy and GDM women, leading to gut bacterial dysbiosis in their infants.
Robust Vehicular Communications Using the Fast-Frequency-Hopping-OFDM Technology and the MIMO Spatial Multiplexing
Authors: Hamarsheh Qadri , Daoud Omar Rawhi , Al-Akaidi Marwan , Damati Ahlam
Published: June 2022

Vehicle to Vehicle communication is one of the more emerging technologies in the 21st century either from the comfortable transportation or safer transportation point of view. Vehicle to Vehicle communication has one crucial factor which is the huge information to be shared among vehicles, such as the position, the road data. In such situation, the accurate information sharing process is the most important factor in order to make the vehicles operating in the most feasible way. This work proposes a more robust vehicle communication system to make the existing vehicle transportation system more efficient. In this paper, we propose a fast frequency hopping orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to mitigate the Doppler spread effect on our previously published clustering benchmark. This benchmark contains both of a clustering weighting factor based stage and a multiparallel processing stage. This is in addition to modify the PHY layer of the existing IEEE 802.11p standard in order to impose Multiple Input Multiple Output) for higher throughput purposes. The results show a noticeable stability compared to our previously published work. Furthermore, the results are almost exceeds the achieved results from the Lower-ID DCA from both of the speed and communication range.
New Perspectives on May’s Theorem and the Median Voter Theorem
Authors: Fast Richard
Published: June 2022

The paper defines and analyzes May’s Theorem and the Median Voter Theorem from the Public Policy and Public Choice literature and seeks to compare and contrast the use of both. Through the use of theoretical and applied examples, the paper demonstrates how collective decision-making research has evolved to better inform public policy. Building on Black’s (1948) notion that it is the voter in the ideological middle that decides elections, Holcombe (1980) provides an empirical analysis of this theory, Scervini (2012) attempts to show that the middle class (median) voter decides taxation and redistribution policy, Rowley (1984) takes a New Institutional approach to analyzing voters’ preferences, Groot and van der Linde (2016) conducts a cross-country analysis to see if the Median Voter Theorem holds true across time and cultures, Carrillo and Castanheira (2008) show that voters change their behavior from the preference of the median voter as the press reveals new information about the quality of candidates which alters voters’ perceptions, and Congleton (2003) asserts there may not always be a median voter with examples. Building on May’s Theorem that voting is an aggregation of voters’ preferences, Hotelling (1929), Black (1948), Maskin (1999), Duggan (2015), and Brady and Chambers (2017) expand on social preference theory showing that Arrow (1951) and May (1952)’s work needed to be updated to include verifiable, empirical tests and further refinements. The paper shows how public policy analysis and group decision making theory and application have evolved over the past 75 years and shines some light on areas for future research and analysis. These findings are important because it will help make candidates and policy proposals more palatable to voters in the ideological middle (median voter) who, as the studies show, often determines the winner. The paper will be of interest to anyone involved in public policy and group decision making processes.
Monitoring Effects of Rootstock Genotype and Soil Treatment Strategy on Postharvest Fruit Quality in ‘Gala’ Apple
Authors: Hargarten Heidi , Mattheis James , Honaas Loren
Published: June 2022

Production of high-quality tree fruit requires management of tree health and vigor during orchard establishment, especially with regard to soil-borne pathogens. Available strategies for the mitigation of soil-borne diseases include chemical fumigants, Brassicaceous seed meal (SM) soil treatments, and the use of disease-tolerant rootstock genotypes. It has been documented that superior disease suppression can be achieved using specific combinations of rootstock genotype and soil treatment that, in part, alter the soil microbiome. However, regardless of soil treatment strategy or rootstock genetics, sublethal levels of phytotoxic compounds are known to have negative effects on the reproductive output of plants. Yet the effects of SM amendments and the resultant restructuring of the soil microbiome on fruit quality are not well studied. Thus, our objective was to explore the effects of pathogen suppression strategies on at-harvest and postharvest fruit quality of ‘Gala’ apples (Malus domestica) by observing effects of both rootstock genetics [‘Malling 26’ (‘M.26’) vs. ‘Geneva 41’ (‘G.41’)] and soil treatment strategy (fumigation vs. SM). We observed that rootstock genotype generally appeared to have a stronger effect than soil treatment strategy on at-harvest fruit quality and postharvest outcomes. Further, although we did observe some fruit quality differences in each year of the study, there was no discernible pattern from year to year. We therefore conclude that, in our study, soil treatment does not have a consistent, significant influence on ‘Gala’ apple fruit quality, and importantly, efficacious ARD control using SM is without an apparent downside regarding fruit quality.
Symmetries, safety, and self-supervision
Authors: Dillon Barry , Kasieczka Gregor , Olischlager Hans , Plehn Tilman , Sorrenson Peter , Vogel Lorenz
Published: June 2022

Collider searches face the challenge of defining a representation of
high-dimensional data such that physical symmetries are manifest, the discriminating
features are retained, and the choice of representation is new-physics agnostic.
We introduce JetCLR to solve the mapping from low-level data to optimized observables
through self-supervised contrastive learning. As an example, we construct a data
representation for top and QCD jets using a permutation-invariant transformer-encoder
network and visualize its symmetry properties. We compare the JetCLR representation with
alternative representations using linear classifier tests and find it to work quite well.
Candomblés vistos a partir de suas contribuições político-epistêmicas
Authors: De Santana Torres Igor Leonardo , Cerqueira Passos Almerson , Da Silva Dias Claudenilson
Published: June 2022

A identidade religiosa — assim como os saberes guardados, produzidos e atualizados no interior do Candomblé — tem sido convocada nos discursos e ações de ativistas e pesquisadoras. Há toda uma fundamentação ética e cosmogônica que orienta suas ações, agenciando toda uma rede de significados e reposicionamentos subjetivos e epistemológicos que informam a política e a produção de conhecimento de adeptas e iniciadas na religião dos Orixás. Utilizando revisão bibliográfica, consideramos, ao menos, cinco apontamentos que podem nos ajudar a compreender esse cenário: (ⅰ) Candomblés como exercício de decolonialidade; (ⅱ) Candomblés como exercício de outro modelo organizativo de família; (ⅲ) Candomblés como exercício de afetividades; (ⅳ) Candomblés como exercício de autoavaliação e autodefinição; e (ⅴ) fundamentos epistemológicos religiosos afro-brasileiros. Concluímos que os Candomblés, como espaços não formais de educação, bem como políticos, têm pressupostos que os constituem como vetores que oferecem estímulos decoloniais notáveis na formação das sujeitas, denotando a expressão e vida religiosa enquanto dimensões que podem levar a processos de subjetivação, estimulando a agência e processos de desidentificação e atuação política.
Subjective analysis of sensitivity perception in patients submitted to orthognathic surgery
Authors: Camila Rockenbach Nascimento  , Maria Anita de Queiroz Arlant  , Katheleen Miranda dos Santos  , Bernardo Olsson  , Nelson Luis Barbosa Rebellato  , Delson João da Costa  , Paola Fernanda Cotait de Lucas Corso  , Rafaela Scariot
Published: June 2022

Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is the best-established orthognathic surgical technique for mandibular dentofacial deformities correction. Some technique-related complications may occur, being paresthesia the most common. Objective: To subjectively evaluate postoperative sensitivity of individuals who underwent orthognathic surgery. Material and methods: A two-part questionnaire was answered by thirty subjects in different post-operative periods: 48 hours (T1), 7 days (T2), 14 days (T3), 30 days (T4), 60 days (T5) and 90 days (T6). Significance level was set at 0.05. Results: In part one, the Nature of Altered Sensation evaluation was performed in chin and lips. There was an improvement from T1 to T6 in regarding locations of the altered sensation (p < 0.001), moments of the altered sensation (p = 0.001), and in pain or other unpleasant sensation (p = 0.003). Other variables regarding the Nature of the Altered Sensation did not show statistically significance difference over time (p > 0.05). Regarding part two, functional impairment, it was noted that there was an improvement in T6 in relation to all variables (p < 0.05). There is a decrease in pain, lip bites, burning sensation and drooling sensation (p < 0.05). Also, there was a decrease in the difficulty for oral care. Conclusion: There is an improvement in the Nature of Altered Sensation as well as functional impairment over time.
Determinação do sexo por meio de crânios secos: uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa
Authors: Ana Beatriz Guedes Silva  , Ana Luiza de Assis Avelino  , Emília Gomes Costa  , Rodrigo Galo
Published: June 2022

A determinação do sexo é uma etapa fundamental para a obtenção do perfil antropométrico do ser humano. Objetivo: Avaliar o dimorfismo sexual de crânios humanos secos, por meio de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional de crânio do Laboratório de Anatomia de uma universidade federal. Realizou-se a calibração das pesquisadoras em dez crânios, em dois momentos distintos. Foram utilizados para este estudo 30 crânios. No método qualitativo o dimorfismo sexual foi avaliado por intermédio de inspeção visual e, quantitativamente, pelo Índice de Baudoin e Índice do Forame Magnos. Na análise dos dados realizaram-se os testes de Qui-Quadrado e o Coeficiente de Pearson. Resultados: Observou-se que, dos crânios avaliados, 11 tiveram a mesma determinação de sexo, tanto na análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Conclusão: A associação dos métodos quantitativos e qualitativos promove maior fidelidade para determinação do sexo.
Efeito de diferentes dispositivos de agitação de irrigantes na capacidade de limpeza dos canais radiculares
Authors: Fabio de Almeida Gomes  , Natália de Santiago  , Victória Gomes Alves Rocha  , Samantha Rodrigues Xavier  , Claudio Maniglia-Ferreira  , Bruno Carvalho de Sousa  , Fernanda Geraldo Pappen
Published: June 2022

A qualidade da limpeza e desinfecçã o do sistema de canais radiculares (SCR) está diretamente relacionada com o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. Os canais são submetidos ao preparo químico-mecânico (PQM), objetivando a eliminaçã o ou reduçã o do conteúdo orgânico e inorgânico contaminado no interior dos canais. Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade de limpeza dos canais radiculares por diferentes dispositivos de agitaçã o dos irrigantes. Material e métodos: Um total de 42 dentes unirradiculares foram seccionados no terço coronário de forma a padronizar o comprimento das raízes. Após instrumentaçã o dos canais radiculares, os espécimes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos experimentais de acordo com o protocolo de agitaçã o da soluçã o de irrigaçã o final. No grupo 1 utilizou-se o sistema XP Clean; no grupo 2, Gates Glidden, no grupo 3, Easy Clean; no grupo 4, o sistema Irrisonic. No grupo controle a irrigaçã o foi feita apenas com soluçã o de cloreto de sódio (NaCl) 0,9%. Os espécimes foram então clivados longitudinalmente em duas hemifaces (vestibular e lingual), avaliou-se o grau de limpeza em microscópio, usando escores previamente estabelecidos. Os dados foram avaliados estatisticamente pelo teste de Kruskal Wallis. Estabeleceu-se o nível de significância estatística em P<0,05. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística significante entre os grupos experimentais avaliados. Conclusão: O emprego dos métodos Easy Clean, Gates Glidden, XP Clean e Irrisonic, como ativadores das soluções irrigadoras, não se mostrou eficiente na totalidade da limpeza das paredes dos canais radiculares durante o tratamento endodôntico. > <0,05. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística significante entre os grupos experimentais avaliados. Conclusão: O emprego dos métodos Easy Clean, Gates Glidden, XP Clean e Irrisonic, como ativadores das soluções irrigadoras, não se mostrou eficiente na totalidade da limpeza das paredes dos canais radiculares durante o tratamento endodôntico.
A importância da orientação em saúde bucal para prevenção e tratamento das doenças periodontais
Authors: Samara dos Santos Garcia  , Bruno Henrique Brito Veiga  , Daffini Raiany de Oliveira Souza  , Daniel Junior Moreira de Paiva
Published: June 2022

A doença periodontal é uma patologia inflamatória de origem infecciosa que agride os tecidos de proteção e sustentação dos dentes, tendo como fator determinante para sua ocorrência o acúmulo de biofilme. Objetivo: Avaliar os conhecimentos acerca de higienização e hábitos de cuidados com a saúde bucal e relatar a importância da orientação em saúde bucal para prevenção das doenças periodontais. Material e métodos: Estudo transversal observacional com análise estatística descritiva em que os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário contendo nove perguntas fechadas, de múltipla escolha, a respeito de hábitos de cuidados e conhecimento sobre saúde bucal de pacientes a partir de 12 anos de idade atendidos em uma clínica universitária de Odontologia em Rondônia. Resultados: Foram avaliados 153 indivíduos com idade entre 12 e 71 anos. 74,5% afirmaram já ter recebido orientação de saúde bucal e 46,4% disseram escovar os dentes no mínimo três vezes ao dia. 72,5% dos indivíduos declararam saber a importância do uso do fio dental e 41,9% não o utilizavam. 34,7% informaram que raramente frequentam um consultório odontológico e 28,2% procuram atendimento somente quando sentem dor. 52,8% avaliaram sua saúde bucal como regular. Conclusão: Os pacientes possuem hábitos relativamente bons de higiene bucal, mas não possuem conhecimento suficiente para prevenir-se de doenças periodontais, sendo indispensável que os cirurgiões-dentistas realizem atividades preventivas de orientação aos pacientes.
Opções de tratamento para a sinusite maxilar de origem odontogênica: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Wenys Cláudio Gomes da Silva  , Larissa Silva Gomes Feitosa  , Ana Cláudia da Silva Araújo  , Pamella Recco Alvares
Published: June 2022

Apesar de sua prevalência, a sinusite odontogênica muitas vezes passa despercebida nos exames de imagem, e os protocolos padrão relativos ao diagnóstico e tratamento faltam na literatura. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura de forma integrativa a respeito do principal método de tratamento sugerido para a sinusite maxilar de origem odontogênica. Material e métodos: As bases de dados utilizadas foram Pubmed e Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS); para a busca selecionaram-se descritores controlados no MeSH, sendo eles: “Odontogenic Sinusitis”, “Maxillary Sinusitis”, “Maxillary Sinusitis/ Etiology”, “Maxillary Sinusitis/Therapy”, “Maxillary Sinusitis/Surgery”. Foram incluídos artigos originais, do tipo estudos retrospectivos e prospectivos, coorte prospectivo e revisões sistemáticas, artigos com resumo e texto que se adequassem à pergunta norteadora do estudo. Os critérios de exclusão envolveram os artigos que não eram objetivos, editoriais, cartas e artigos repetidos. Os artigos selecionados foram publicados no período de 2015 a 2020, no idioma inglês. Resultados: A pesquisa resultou em 19 estudos, de ambas as bases de dados eletrônicas utilizadas. Os estudos retrospectivos foram os mais prevalentes na revisão; o nível de evidência científica foi variável, em virtude da seleção do tipo de estudo. Conclusão: O método mais recomendado, de acordo com a literatura, para o tratamento da sinusite maxilar de origem odontogênica é a associação entre a eliminação da infecção dentária da patologia, ou seja, sua etiologia, e a cirurgia endoscópica dos seios da face para o manejo cirúrgico dos seios.
Associação entre deficiência de vitamina D e a doença periodontal: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Maria Julia Gouveia de Oliveira  , Maria Cecilia Leite de Sá da Cruz Gouveia  , Ana Cláudia da Silva Araújo  , Alice Kelly Barreira  , Pâmella Recco Alvares
Published: June 2022

A ocorrência e progressão da doença periodontal estão associadas a diversas condições sistêmicas. Dessa maneira, a deficiência de vitamina D pode ser um fator de risco, à medida que afeta a modulação inflamatória, a densidade mineral óssea e a reabsorção óssea. Objetivo: Buscar evidências da relação entre a deficiência de vitamina D e a ocorrência de doença periodontal. Material e métodos: Foi definida como pergunta norteadora do estudo “Há evidências da relação entre a deficiência de vitamina D e a ocorrência de doença periodontal em adultos?”. As bases de dados utilizadas foram Pubmed e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; para a busca selecionaram-se descritores controlados nos DeCS e MeSH, sendo eles: “adult”, “vitamin D deficiency” e “periodontal diseases”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos originais, do tipo caso-controle, com resumo e texto completo acessíveis na língua inglesa e publicados no período dos últimos dez anos, que se adequassem à pergunta norteadora do estudo. Como critérios de exclusão: estudos in vitro, estudos em animais, estudos cuja população incluía pacientes com doenças sistêmicas e mulheres grávidas ou lactantes. Resultados: A pesquisa resultou em 41 estudos, sendo eleitos 27 artigos no PubMed e 14 artigos na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Com base na seleção dos artigos, incluíram-se na revisão quatro estudos de caso-controle, de nível de evidência científica 3B. Conclusão: Encontraram-se resultados importantes acerca da relação entre deficiência de vitamina D e doença periodontal.
Different oral manifestations of langerhans cell’s histiocytosis: report of two cases
Authors: Joana Leticia Vendruscolo  , Fernanda Joly Macedo  , Cleverson Patussi  , Laurindo Moacir Sassi
Published: June 2022

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a disorder characterized by abnormal proliferation of CD1a+/S-100/CD207+ Langerhans cells. It has a peak of incidence between one and three[1]year-old, with a prevalence in males than females. It may affect several anatomical locations. Objective: to report two cases of oral manifestations of HCL, which exemplify the broad age range affected by the disease and its different clinical presentations. Material and methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, observational study in the format of a technical note, represented by two clinical cases that demonstrates the different Oral Manifestations of Langerhans Cell’s Histiocytosis. Case report: a 47-year-old man presenting ulcerated lesions in hard palate and gingival region and a three-year-old boy with a diffuse swelling at the posterior mandible were diagnosed with HCL at the same institution. Conclusion: the HCL can manifest itself as a single lesion or as a multisystemic and potentially fatal disease. The clinician should be attentive to diagnose it at an early stage, to avoid worse complications and sequelae to the patient.
Condicionamento gengival com cimento temporário – relato de caso
Authors: Jeferson Luis de Oliveira Stroparo  , Geraldo Fernando Stroparo  , Shaban Mirco Burgoa La Forcada  , João César Zielak  , Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo
Published: June 2022

Relatar o uso de cimento temporário para condicionamento gengival prévio a instalação de prótese provisória. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, com 28 anos de idade, leucoderma, buscou atendimento odontológico em consultório privado. Ao exame clínico constatou-se fraturou das cúspides linguais do dente 46, sem invasão do espaço biológico. Propôs-se realização de condicionamento gengival com cimento temporário (Coltosol®) para que uma prótese provisória fosse instalada. Resultados: O material forneceu uma boa manutenção da arquitetura gengival, com um perfil de emergência satisfatório para posterior confecção da prótese provisória. Conclusão: A técnica descrita pode ser realizada, pois o cimento empregado é biocompatível e possui boas características físicas, permitindo o afastamento e a modelagem dos tecidos gengivais, com bom condicionamento e preservação da arquitetura gengival durante a cicatrização tecidual para posterior reabilitação protética.
Exostoses múltiplas em maxila: relato de caso incomum e revisão da literatura
Authors: Allan Vinícius Martins-de-Barros  , Ana Luiza Ingelbert Silva  , Lucas Viana Angelim  , Ítalo Vieira Binas  , Wagner Monteiro de Almeida  , Kalyne Kelly Negromonte Gonçalves  , José Rodrigues Laureano Filho  , Fábio Andrey da Costa Araújo
Published: June 2022

As exostoses caracterizam-se por crescimentos ósseos benignos que afetam comumente a maxila e a mandíbula. Classificam-se em vestibulares, palatinas, solitárias e subpônticas reacionais. Exostoses vestibulares são raras, acometendo apenas 1 em cada 1.000 adultos na população. Apesar de assintomáticas, seu diagnóstico é facilmente realizado por meio de exame clínico, pelo aumento do volume ósseo local. Sua radiopacidade pode ser percebida nas radiografias. Histologicamente apresentam uma massa densa de osso cortical lamelar com uma pequena quantidade de medula óssea. Objetivo: Tendo em vista sua raridade, o presente artigo objetiva relatar um caso de exostoses múltiplas e descrever o tratamento cirúrgico realizado. Relato de caso: Paciente homem, leucoderma, 44 anos de idade, apresentando múltiplas exostoses em maxila e lesões ulceradas que, juntas, comprometiam o uso de prótese e o exercício de hábitos funcionais, como a mastigação de alimentos mais rígidos. O tratamento de escolha foi a excisão das protuberâncias mediante intervenção cirúrgica, possibilitando uma boa cicatrização óssea e pós-operatório satisfatório. Conclusão: As exostoses múltiplas dos maxilares são condições ósseas benignas raras, com etiologia incerta. Seu tratamento cirúrgico está indicado nos casos em que há prejuízo nas funções do sistema estomatognático, apresentando bons resultados estéticos e funcionais, com mínimas chances de recidiva.
Projeção de Manzi: técnica radiográfica odontológica na detecção do ateroma e prevenção do acidente vascular encefálico
Authors: Vanessa Helena Pires Diniz  , Arthur Diniz Vial  , Raquel Tolentino Dornelas Alves  , Flávio Ricardo Manzi  , Amaro Ilídio Vespasiano Silva
Published: June 2022

Ateromas nas carótidas são placas de lipídeos que se acumulam nas bifurcações das artérias carótidas, provocando disfunção das células endoteliais dos vasos sanguíneos, causada por estresse contínuo de baixa intensidade. Estão associados ao desenvolvimento de acidente vascular encefálico (AVE), angina, infarto no miocárdio e morte. Exames radiográficos odontológicos ajudam na detecção do ateroma na carótida: telerradiografia lateral, panorâmica e projeção de Manzi. Objetivo: Demonstrar que a projeção de Manzi é uma técnica radiográfica eficiente para o auxílio na detecção de ateromas nas carótidas. Relato de caso: Após a realização de uma radiografia panorâmica em uma paciente de 80 anos, observou-se uma massa radiopaca bilateral entre C3 e C4, imagens sugestivas de ateromas bilaterais ou cartilagem tritícea calcificada. A telerradiografia em norma lateral confirmou a presença das calcificações. Para o diagnóstico diferencial, foi realizada a projeção de Manzi, que ratificou a presença das calcificações bilaterais nas referidas regiões. Conclusão: A projeção de Manzi é um método de diagnóstico odontológico diferencial de ateromas calcificados nas carótidas.
Uso de resinas compostas de efeito na reprodução das características ópticas em região de borda incisal – relato de caso
Authors: Queila Emille Santos de Oliveira  , Carolina Baptista Miranda  , Rafael de Carvalho Sampaio  , Tássia Monique dos Santos Pereira
Published: June 2022

Os avanços científicos no ramo dos materiais dentários vêm permitindo mimetizar a policromia dos dentes naturais, por meio de materiais diretos e indiretos. O uso das resinas compostas diretas tem permitido resultados de excelência, com um bom custo-benefício, quando comparadas com as porcelanas. Objetivo: Descrever um caso clínico de reanatomização dos dentes anterossuperiores e aumento de borda incisal com uso de resinas compostas de efeito, em que as características peculiares ao terço incisal foram aplicadas fielmente. Relato de caso: Paciente, 27 anos, procurou atendimento especializado relatando insatisfação com a estética dos dentes que compõem a linha anterossuperior do sorriso. Durante avaliação observaram-se presença de diastema, restauração deficiente, irregularidades nas bordas incisais, bem como pigmentação extrínseca no terço cervical dos dentes. O tratamento proposto consistiu no clareamento dentário de consultório prévio ao protocolo restaurador com a técnica direta em resina composta. Após o clareamento dentário, obtiveram-se os modelos de estudo; em seguida, fizeram-se enceramento diagnóstico e guia de silicona. Foram utilizadas resinas compostas nano-híbridas, realizando a técnica de estratificação para mimetizar a policromia dos elementos dentários. Conclusão: Diante dos resultados alcançados, fica claro o avanço constante que as resinas compostas vêm sofrendo no intuito de mimetizar a naturalidade policromática da estrutura dentária, sendo fundamental o conhecimento técnico e também sobre os materiais odontológicos.
Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of the N-Glycosylated Cyclic Peptide:
cyclo[Gly-Pro-Asn(GlcN Ac)-Gly-Nh-(CH2)4-CO]
Authors: Lang Emma , Hargittai Balazs , Matjer Zsuzsa , Perczel Andras , Mak Marianna , Kajtar­ -Peredy Maria , Radics Lajos , Fasman Gerald D. , Hollosi Miklos
Published: June 2022

This paper reports the synthesis and conformational characterization of the cyclic peptides cyc/o[Gly-Pro­
Asp(OcHex)-Gly-NH-(CH2)4-CO] (1), cyclo[ Gly-Pro-Asp-Gly-NH-(CH2)4-CO] (2), cyclo[ Gly-Pro-Asn-Giy­ NH-(CH2)4-CO] 31) and the Asn-glycosylated cyclic title compound cyclo[Gly-Pro-Asn(GlcNAc)-Gly-NH­ (CH2)4-CO] (4) (Scheme 1 ).
Review on Thermal Error Suppression and Modeling Compensation
Methods of High-Speed Motorized Spindle
Authors: Li Yang , Dai Ye , Gao Yanhua , Tao Xueshi , Wang Gang
Published: June 2022

The internal structure of a high-speed motorized spindle is compact, and a large amount of heat is generated in the process of high-speed operation, which causes thermal deformation of the parts. The thermal characteristics of the motorized spindle become worse when the temperature increases, which seriously affects its machining accuracy. It is difficult to avoid the thermal error of motorized spindle and it accounts for a large proportion of the total error. How to restrain the thermal elongation of motorized spindle and establish an accurate thermal error model is particularly important. This paper reviews the methods of thermal error prevention and thermal error modeling compensation for the motorized spindle. By introducing several methods of thermal error suppression, optimization of temperature measurement points, and thermal error modeling theory, analyzes and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. Finally, prospects the future development of thermal error research of motorized spindle.
Towards Highly Intelligent Image Processing Techniques for Rice Diseases
Identification: A Review
Authors: Manavalan R.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Rice is cultivated worldwide as one of the primary food crops. The responsible
factors that rigorously affect rice crops' production are pests and various rice plant diseases,
leading to considerable reduction in the agrarian and global economy. More sustainable farming
methods for determining disease levels and the quality of paddy plants will be essential in the future.

Objective:

The disease discovery in rice crops by naked eyes may result in erroneous pesticide
measurements. Therefore, early diagnosis of rice diseases can expedite disease control by properly
selecting pest management methods to maximize the rice yield to cope with the demand of the
world's growing population. A literature search is conducted and identifies 68 peer-reviewed research
studies published in the period between 2007 and 2021, focusing on early disease detection
of rice crops to maximize productivity.

Conclusion:

This study has identified several key issues that must be resolved at each step of the
computer-assisted diagnostic system to recognize diseases in paddy crops. Study results show that
automated disease diagnosing techniques are still immature for rice plants. Hence, the ingenious
design and evolution of a novel fully-automated farming system are widely essential as innovative
methods for addressing and resolving diseases in the paddy crop to offer sustainability and productivity
benefits to the agrarian sector.
World Halophytes Biodiversity, Ecophysiology
Authors: Attia-Ismail Salah Abdelaty
Published: June 2022

Halophytes are plants that initiate their growth, accomplish their life course,
and outlive others in a salty environment. The word halophytes has two syllables (halo
= salt, phyte = plant). However, halophytes vary greatly with respect to salt tolerance.
This chapter discusses the soils in which halophytes grow and the climate as well as
their effects. The halophyte biodiversity in different regions of the world is reviewed.
Histo-Chemical Characteristics of Halophytes
Authors: Attia-Ismail Salah Abdelaty
Published: June 2022

Salinity and drought are abiotic stresses that most affect the growth and
productivity of plant species all over the world. Salt-tolerant plants have a range of
adaptive characteristics not only in morphological or structural features but also in
metabolic and physiological processes that enable them to survive in extreme saline
environments. Morphological and anatomical features of halophytes are commonly
correlated with the prevailing environmental conditions under which the plants grow.
There is a pertinent correlation between the histo-anatomical features of halophytes and
the ecological environment in which they breed. Therefore, metabolic pathways and
reactions are dramatically affected by such ecological factors. Moisture contents, dry
matter contents, lignification, fiber, and starch contents, salt contents, proteins, and
amino acids contents, lipids and free fatty acids contents, reactive oxygen species, plant
secondary metabolites contents of halophytes are deeply discussed in relation to the
histo-chemical characteristics of these unique plants.
Energy in Halophytes
Authors: Attia-Ismail Salah Abdelaty
Published: June 2022

In climatically unfavorable regions, the animals often consume the only
available feed resource, i.e., halophytic plants. It was noticed that whenever halophytes
are solely fed to animals, they need energy supplementation. Halophytic plant species
vary greatly with respect to their chemical composition and nutritive value. Halophytes
are characterized by great salt concentrations and high contents of acid detergent fiber
and neutral detergent fiber. Halophytes are low-quality forages having fewer available
nutrients and thus, requiring larger amounts of supplements to be added. They require
energy supplementation more than any other kind of supplementation. Supplemental
feeds are usually cereal grains. This chapter discusses in-depth and in detail the issue of
halophytic energy when provided as animal feed (i.e., carbohydrates in halophytes, the
effect of salinity on the carbohydrate content of halophytes, the effect of season on the
carbohydrate content of halophytes, and the discrepancy in energy determination).