bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inoculation withPseudomonas fluorescensUM270 alters the maize root-associated endobiome and interacting networks in a milpa model
Authors: Rojas-Sánchez Blanca , Castelán-Sánchez Hugo , Santoyo Gustavo
Published: May 2023

The traditional milpa system is a polyculture originating in Mesoamerica, whose core is maize (Zea maysL.), associated with squash (Cucurbitaspp.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL.). In recent years, milpa-type crops have decreased owing to climate change, rapid population growth, and the excessive use of agrochemicals; therefore, the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to counteract these negative effects has been little explored. In this study, a maize crop in a milpa system was fertilized with the PGPRPseudomonas fluorescensUM270, and the endophytic root microbiome (endobiome) of maize was assessed by 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) sequencing. The results showed that UM270 the rhizosphere inoculation ofP. fluorescensUM270 did not increase alpha diversity in either monoculture or the milpa, but it did alter the endophytic microbiome of maize plant roots by stimulating the presence of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the generaBurkholderiaandPseudomonas(in a monoculture), whereas in the milpa system, the PGPR stimulated a greater endophytic diversity and the presence of genera such asBurkholderia, Variovorax, and N-fixing rhizobia genera, includingRhizobium, MesorhizobiumandBradyrhizobium. No clear association was found between fungal diversity and the presence of strain UM270, but beneficial fungi such asRizophagus irregularisandExophiala pisciphilawere detected in the milpa system. In addition, network analysis revealed unique interactions with species likeStenotrophomonassp.,Burkholderia xenovorans, andSphingobium yanoikuyae, which would potentially be playing a beneficial role with the plant. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which the root microbiome of maize growing under a milpa model was assessed by bio-inoculation with PGPRs.
UBL3 interaction with α-synuclein is downregulated by silencing MGST3
Authors: Yan Jing , Zhang Hengsen , Chen Bin , Ping Yashuang , Islam Md. Shoriful , Tomochika Yuna , Aramaki Shuhei , Sato Tomohito , Nagashima Yu , Nakamura Tomohiko , Kahyo Tomoaki , Kaneda Daita , Ogawa Kenji , Yoshida Minoru , Setou Mitsutoshi
Published: May 2023

Ubiquitin-like 3 (UBL3) is a membrane-anchored protein that has been discovered to function as a protein post-translational modifier, helping to sort proteins into small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Aggregations of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) are associated with the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aggregation and toxicity of α-syn can be influenced by its interactions with specific proteins. Recently, the interactions between UBL3 and α-syn was uncovered. It is believed to play a role in eliminating excess α-syn from neurons, or in the spread of α-syn pathology in the brain associated with neurodegenerative diseases. However, the regulator that can mediate the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn remains unclear. In this study, we employed the split gaussian luciferase complementation assay and RNA interference (RNAi) technology to discover that QSOX2, HTATIP2, UBE3C, MGST3, NSF, HECTD1, SAE1 and ATG3 are involved in downregulating the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn. Among these proteins, silencing MGST3 had the most significant impact on the UBL3-α-syn interaction (with a fold change log2 of less than - 1). MGST3 is a part of the antioxidant system, and silencing MGST3 is believed to contribute to oxidative stress. We used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce oxidative stress and observed its effect on the UBL3-α-syn interaction. Our finding showed that an 800μM concentration of H2O2could also downregulate this interaction. However, the effect of oxidative stress caused by 800μM H2O2on the UBL3-α-syn interaction did not be enhanced by silencing MGST3. In conclusion, the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn is downregulated by silencing MGST3.
A systematic literature review of methodological approaches, challenges, and opportunities in the application of Mendelian randomisation to lifecourse epidemiology
Authors: Power Grace M. , Sanderson Eleanor , Pagoni Panagiota , Fraser Abigail , Morris Tim , Prince Claire , Frayling Timothy M. , Heron Jon , Richardson Tom G. , Richmond Rebecca , Tyrrell Jessica , Smith George Davey , Howe Laura D. , Tilling Kate
Published: May 2023

Background

Diseases diagnosed in adulthood may have antecedents throughout – including prenatal – life. Gaining a better understanding of how exposures at different stages in the lifecourse influence health outcomes is key to elucidating the potential benefits of specific disease prevention strategies. However, confounding is highly likely in studies with earlier life or time-varying exposures. Mendelian randomisation (MR) is therefore increasingly used to estimate causal effects of exposures across the lifecourse on later life outcomes.

Methods

This systematic literature review aims to identify MR methods used to perform lifecourse investigations and review previous work that has utilised MR to elucidate the effects of factors acting at different stages of the lifecourse. We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Medline and MedRXiv databases to comprehensively obtain lifecourse epidemiology studies that have employed MR.

Results

Thirteen methodological studies were identified. Four studies focused on the impact of time-varying exposures on the interpretation of “standard” MR techniques, five presented methods for analysing repeat measures of the same exposure, and four described novel methodological approaches to handling parental exposures in relation to offspring outcomes. A further 84 studies presented the results of an applied research question with relevance to lifecourse epidemiology. Over half of these estimated effects in a single generation and were largely confined to the exploration of questions regarding body composition. Of the one generational studies employed in this review, 59% estimated the effect of exposures at birth, birth to/and childhood, birth to/and adolescence or birth to/and adulthood, 30% at childhood, childhood to/and adolescence or childhood to/and adulthood, and 11% at adolescence or adulthood. The remaining looked across two generations. These estimated effects of maternal exposures, with one study additionally examining paternal exposures, in relation to offspring outcomes.

Conclusion

There is a growing body of research focused on the development and application of MR methods to address lifecourse research questions. The possibility that genetic effects have different levels of importance in the progression of an exposure at different ages should be more commonly considered for application in an MR context. Limitations exist, however, specifically regarding data constraints.
Empiric treatment with aspirin and ticagrelor is the most cost-effective strategy in patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack
Authors: Narasimhalu Kaavya , Chan Jeremy , Ang Yoong Kwei , De Silva Deidre Anne , Tan Kelvin Bryan
Published: May 2023

Background

Patients with minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are often treated with dual antiplatelet therapy regimens as part of secondary stroke prevention. Clopidogrel, an antiplatelet used in these regimens, is metabolised into its active form by theCYP2C19enzyme. Patients with loss of function (LOF) mutations inCYP2C19are at risk for poorer secondary outcomes when prescribed clopidogrel. We aimed to determine the cost effectiveness of three different treatment antiplatelet regimens in ischemic stroke populations with minor strokes or TIAs and how these treatment regimens are influenced by the LOF prevalence in the population.

Methods

Markov models were developed to look at the cost effectiveness of empiric treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel versus empiric treatment with aspirin and ticagrelor, versus genotype guided therapy for either 21 or 30 days. Effect ratios were obtained from the literature and incidence rates and costs were obtained from the national data published by the Singapore Ministry of Health. The primary endpoints were the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs).

Results

Empiric treatment with aspirin and ticagrelor was the most cost-effective treatment regimen if the prevalence of LOF was below 7.5%. Genotype guided therapy was more cost effective than empiric aspirin and clopidogrel if the LOF was above 65.5%. Empiric ticagrelor and aspirin was cost saving when compared to genotype guided therapy. Results in models of dual antiplatelet therapy for 30 days were similar.

Conclusion

This study suggests that in patients with minor stroke and TIA planned for dual antiplatelet regimens, empiric ticagrelor and aspirin is the most cost-effective treatment regimen. If ticagrelor is not available, genotype guided therapy is the most cost-effective treatment regimen if the LOF prevalence in the population is more than 65.5%.

Clinical Perspective

What is new?

We show that empiricial ticagrelor and aspirin is the most cost-effective treatment strategy in patients with minor stroke and transient ischemic attack

What are the clinical implications?

In patients with minor stroke/ transient ischemic attack, it may not be necessary to screen forCYP2C19status as empirical ticagrelor and aspirin is cost effective.
Mediators between body mass index and atrial fibrillation: a Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Gao Ziting , Xiao Jun , Huang Wuqing
Published: May 2023

Background

Although obesity is a recognized risk factor of atrial fibrillation (AF), the mechanisms are not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to identify the potential mediators between body mass index (BMI) and AF.

Methods

We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using publicly available summary-level data from genome-wide association studies. Univariable MR analyses were applied to identify potential mediators, and then the multivariable MR analyses were conducted to explore the mediated roles of circulating cytokines, metabolic markers and comorbidities in the association between BMI and AF.

Results

This MR study found a significant causal association between BMI and AF (OR=1.41, 95%CI=1.33-1.50; P<0.001), which was attenuated to 1.21 (95%CI=1.03-1.43) after being adjusted for leptin, in which 48.78% excess risk was mediated. After further adjustment for leptin and sleep apnoea or coronary heart disease, the association was attenuated to null (adjusted for leptin and sleep apnoea: OR=1.05, 95%CI=0.85-1.30; adjusted for leptin and coronary heart disease: OR=1.08, 95%CI=0.90-1.30), resulting in 87.80% and 80.49% excess risk being mediated, respectively.

Conclusion

These results identified an important mediated role of leptin, particularly for individuals with sleep apnoea or coronary heart disease, providing some clues for the underlying mechanisms behind the impact of obesity on AF risk.

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (grant no. 2022J01706) and the Start-up Fund for high-level talents of Fujian Medical University (XRCZX2021026).
Assessment of Landbird Population Change in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Michel Nicole L. , Demarest Dean , Jones-Farrand Todd , Gleason Jeff , McKnight Keith , Wilson Randy
Published: May 2023

Birds and their habitats are facing unprecedented threats from a multitude of threats. Threats to birds, and consequently their population trajectories, vary both across space and among species groups, and greater knowledge of these patterns will help inform bird conservation and management. Here, we adapt existing methods to estimate continental bird population loss to a regional scale. Our objectives were to (1) identify patterns in regional population change (abundance) for 141 species of landbirds breeding in the Southeast; (2) compare these with continental patterns for the same suites of species, and (3) examine whether population-level changes in the Southeast suggest immediate, regional conservation actions. We found that landbird population losses were overall similar in the Southeast and across North America (−21%). Shrikes, nightjars, and swifts experienced the largest proportional losses among families in both regions. Birds associated with early seral and emergent wetland habitats experienced the greatest losses as did partial migrants and species listed on the Birds of Conservation Concern list for southeastern Bird Conservation Regions. Facultative aerial insectivores experienced the greatest losses in both regions, while obligate aerial insectivores increased in the Southeast in contrast to continental declines, due to rapid population growth in Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota). Within the Southeast, the greatest bird losses were in Peninsular Florida and Gulf Coastal Prairie, while the Mississippi Alluvial Valley Bird Conservation Region – where extensive reforestation efforts have been undertaken – had the smallest losses. We found clear differences in patterns of landbird population loss between the Southeastern United States and North America, as well as within the Southeast region. Results from these analyses should provide conservation agencies and partnerships with additional information and new perspectives to guide landscape-level planning and on-the-ground bird conservation delivery efforts to help bring back the nearly three billion birds lost across North America since 1970.

Disclaimer

The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
CoCl2triggered pseudohypoxic stress induces proteasomal degradation of SIRT4viapolyubiquitination of lysines K78 and K299
Authors: Hampel Nils , Georgy Jacqueline , Mehrabipour Mehrnaz , Lang Alexander , Scheller Jürgen , Ahmadian Mohammad R. , Floss Doreen M. , Piekorz Roland P.
Published: May 2023

SIRT4 comprises together with SIRT3 and SIRT5 the mitochondrially localized subgroup of sirtuins. SIRT4 regulatesviaits NAD+-dependent enzymatic activities mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics (mitochondrial fusion), and quality control (mitophagy). Here, we address the regulation of SIRT4 itself by characterizing its protein stability and degradation upon CoCl2-induced pseudohypoxic stress that typically triggers mitophagy. Interestingly, within the mitochondrial sirtuins, only the protein levels of SIRT4 or ectopically expressed SIRT4-eGFP decrease upon CoCl2treatment of HEK293 cells. Co-treatment with BafA1, an inhibitor of autophagosome-lysosome fusion required for autophagy/mitophagy, or the use of the proteasome inhibitor MG132 prevented CoCl2-induced SIRT4 downregulation. Consistent with the proteasomal degradation of SIRT4, the lysine mutants SIRT4(K78R) and SIRT4(K299R) showed significantly reduced polyubiquitination upon CoCl2treatment and were more resistant to pseudohypoxia-induced degradation as compared to SIRT4. Moreover, SIRT4(K78R) and SIRT4(K299R) displayed increased basal protein stability as compared to wild-type SIRT4 when subjected to MG132 treatment or cycloheximide (CHX) chase assays. Thus, our data indicate that stress-induced protein degradation of SIRT4 occurs through two mechanisms, (i)viamitochondrial autophagy/mitophagy, and (ii) as a separate processviaproteasomal degradation within the cytoplasm.
Urbanization and fragmentation interact to drive mutualism breakdown and the rise of unstable pathogenic communities in forest soil
Authors: Tatsumi Chikae , Atherton Kathryn F. , Garvey Sarah , Conrad-Rooney Emma , Morreale Luca L. , Hutyra Lucy R. , Templer Pamela H. , Bhatnagar Jennifer M.
Published: May 2023

Temperate forests are particularly threatened by urbanization and fragmentation, with over 20% (120lJ000 km2) of recently urbanized land in the U.S. subsuming natural forests. We leveraged a unique, well-characterized urban-to-rural and forest edge-to-interior gradient to identify the combined impact of these two land use changes - urbanization and forest fragmentation - on soil microbial community in native, remnant forests. We found evidence of mutualism breakdown between trees and their fungal root mutualists (ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi) with urbanization, where ECM fungi colonized fewer tree roots and had less connectivity in soil microbiome networks in urban forests compared to rural forests. However, urbanization did not reduce the relative abundance of ECM fungi in forest soils; instead, forest fragmentation alone led to strong reductions in ECM fungal abundance. At forest edges, ECM fungi were replaced by plant and animal pathogens, as well as copiotrophic, xenobiotics-degrading, and nitrogen-cycling bacteria, including nitrifiers and denitrifiers. Urbanization and fragmentation interacted to generate “suites” of microbes, with urban interior forests harboring highly homogenized microbiomes, while edge forests microbiomes were more heterogeneous and less stable, showing increased vulnerability to low soil moisture. When scaled to the regional level, we found that forest soils are projected to harbor high abundances of fungal pathogens and denitrifying bacteria, even in rural areas, due to extreme, widespread forest fragmentation. Our results highlight the potential for soil microbiome dysfunction - including increased greenhouse gas production - in temperate forest regions that are subsumed by urban expansion, both now and in the future.

Significance Statement

Urbanization and forest fragmentation are increasingly altering Earth’s ecosystems, yet the effects on soil microbiomes, crucial for plant health and climate regulation, remain unclear. Our data indicate that, in forested land, these two combined, compounding stressors reshape the soil microbiome in ways that could lead to more pathogen infections of plants and animals, higher rates of N loss due to denitrification, and the possibility of tree symbiont extinctions. By identifying the specific environmental stressors that lead to these microbiome shifts, our analysis can be used to inform urban development and forest management plans to mitigate impacts on the soil microbiome to sustain environmental quality and the ecosystem services that remnant native forests provide to society in the coming decades.

Classification

Biological Sciences/Ecology
Utility of FRET in studies of membrane protein oligomerization: the concept of the effective dissociation constant
Authors: McKenzie Daniel , Wirth Daniel , Pogorelov Taras V. , Hristova Kalina
Published: May 2023

The activity of many membrane receptors is controlled through their lateral association into dimers or higher order oligomers. While Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements have been used extensively to characterize the stability of receptor dimers, the utility of FRET in studies of larger oligomers is unclear. Here we show that we can extract an effective equilibrium dissociation constant from FRET measurements for EphA2, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) known to form active oligomers of heterogeneous distributions in response to its ligand ephrinA1-Fc. The newly introduced effective equilibrium dissociation constant has a well-defined physical meaning and biological significance. It denotes the receptor concentration for which half of the receptors are monomeric and inactive, and the other half are associated into oligomers and are active, irrespective of the exact oligomer size. This work illustrates how FRET, along with fluorescence fluctuation techniques which directly measure the oligomer size, can be a very powerful tool in studies of membrane receptor association and signaling in the plasma membrane.
3D Variability Analysis Reveals a Hidden Conformational Change Controlling Ammonia Transport in Human Asparagine Synthetase
Authors: Coricello Adriana , Nardone Alanya. J. , Lupia Antonio , Gratteri Carmen , Vos Matthijn , Chaptal Vincent , Alcaro Stefano , Zhu Wen , Takagi Yuichiro , Richards Nigel G. J.
Published: May 2023

How motions in enzymes might be linked to catalytic function is of considerable general interest. Advances in X-ray crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) offer the promise of elucidating functionally relevant conformational changes that are not easily studied by other biophysical methods. Here we use 3D variability analysis (3DVA) of the cryo-EM map for wild-type (WT) human asparagine synthetase (ASNS) to identify a functional role for the Arg-142 side chain as a gate that mediates ammonia access to a catalytically relevant intramolecular tunnel. Our 3DVA-derived hypothesis is assessed experimentally, using the R142I variant in which Arg-142 is replaced by isoleucine, and by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on independent, computational models of the WT human ASNS monomer and its catalytically relevant, ternary complex with β-aspartyl-AMP and MgPPi. Residue fluctuations in the MD trajectories for the human ASNS monomer are consistent with those determined for 3DVA-derived structures. These MD simulations also indicate that the gating function of Arg-142 is separate from the molecular events that form a continuous tunnel linking the two active sites. Experimental support for Arg-142 playing a role in intramolecular ammonia translocation is provided by the glutamine-dependent synthetase activity of the R142 variant relative to WT ASNS. MD simulations of computational models for the R142I variant and the R142I/β-aspartyl-AMP/MgPPiternary complex provide a possible molecular basis for this observation. Overall, the combination of 3DVA with MD simulations is a generally applicable approach to generate testable hypotheses of how conformational changes in buried side chains might regulate function in enzymes.
Time-resolved, deuterium-based fluxomics uncovers the hierarchy and dynamics of sugar processing byPseudomonas putida
Authors: Volke Daniel C. , Gurdo Nicolas , Milanesi Riccardo , Nikel Pablo I.
Published: May 2023

Pseudomonas putida, a soil bacterium widely used for synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, processes glucose through convergent peripheral pathways that ultimately yield 6-phosphogluconate. Such a periplasmic gluconate shunt (PGS), composed by glucose and gluconate dehydrogenases, sequentially transforms glucose into gluconate and 2-ketogluconate. Although the secretion of these organic acids byP.putidahas been extensively recognized, the mechanism and spatiotemporal regulation of the PGS remained elusive thus far. To address this challenge, we have developed a novel methodology for metabolic flux analysis,D-fluxomics, based on deuterated sugar substrates. D-Fluxomics demonstrated that the PGS underscores a highly dynamic metabolic architecture in glucose-dependent batch cultures ofP.putida, characterized by hierarchical carbon uptake by the PGS throughout the cultivation. Additionally, we show that gluconate and 2-ketogluconate accumulation and consumption can be solely explained as a result of the interplay between growth rate-coupled and decoupled metabolic fluxes. As a consequence, the formation of these acids in the PGS is inversely correlated to the bacterial growth rate—unlike the widely studied overflow metabolism ofEscherichia coliand yeast. Our findings, which underline survival strategies of soil bacteria thriving in their natural environments, open new avenues for engineeringP.putidatowards efficient, sugar-based bioprocesses.
High-Dimensional Encoding of Movement by Single Neurons in Basal Ganglia Output
Authors: Zur Gil , Larry Noga , Joshua Mati
Published: May 2023

The Substantia Nigra pars reticulata (SNpr), an output structure of the basal ganglia, has been hypothesized to gate the execution of movements. Previous studies focusing mostly on saccadic eye movements have reported that SNpr neurons are tonically active and either pause or increase their firing during movements, consistent with the gating role. We recorded activity in the SNpr of two monkeys during smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements. SNpr neurons exhibited highly diverse reaction patterns during pursuit, including frequent increases and decreases in firing rate, uncorrelated responses in different movement directions and in reward conditions resulting in the high dimensional activity of single neurons. These diverse temporal patterns surpassed those in other oculomotor areas in the frontal cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. These results suggest that temporal properties of the responses enrich the coding capacity of the basal ganglia output beyond gating or permitting movement.
What we do know and don’t know about marketing communications on mature consumers
Authors: Yannopoulou Natalia , Manika Danae , Chandrasapth Koblarp , Tajvidi Mina , Wells Victoria
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Given the increased significance and rapid growth of an ageing population, this review paper aims to define the mature consumer segment chronologically to resolve definitional inconsistencies found in prior marketing communications literature, identify the current state of the marketing communications field in terms of mature consumer research and highlight future research directions on mature consumers for marketing communications academics and practitioners.

Design/methodology/approach

A synthesis of existing marketing communication research on mature consumers (those aged 50+), published in top-tier journals since 1972, is provided. In total, 106 papers were identified in 21 marketing journals.

Findings

Three existing research themes were identified: market segmentation of mature consumers (we ground this theme in three inter-related facets: chronological age, health [physical and neurological] and self-perception of age [also referred to as cognitive age]); attitudes and behaviours of mature consumers; and marketing to mature consumers. This paper also proposes several future research themes: further definition of mature consumers and widening the scope of examination; segmenting mature consumers to account for heterogeneity; information processing of mature consumers cannot use a one-size-fits-all approach; the influence of marketing mix elements on mature consumers; and alternative methodologies to better understand mature consumers.

Research limitations/implications

Recognising the heterogeneity within the chronologically based mature consumer segment, this paper proposes an extended mature consumer definition which includes biological, psychological and social dimensions, as well as life events and life circumstances, rather than biological age alone.

Practical implications

In practical terms, understanding information processing of mature consumers cannot use a one-size-fits-all approach and marketing mix elements may affect behaviour differently within this segment. This will require alternative methodologies to understand these processes fully.

Originality/value

This synthesis of mature consumers research within the marketing communications field provides key research questions for future research to better understand this market segment and its implications for marketing communications, theory development and practice.
Analysis of legal framework solutions to protect retail consumers
Authors: Ge Xiukun
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This article analyses the existing retail and distribution legal framework in which Internet companies operate, focusing on data breaches and other issues of relevance to these companies. In order to identify who should be responsible for the largest share of improving people's quality of life, this study takes into account the perspectives of both consumers and businesses (or service provider). The author states that where there is a high probability of a security or privacy breach and the customer suffers moderate to severe damage, the burden of proof may shift to the corporation. However, the customer's obligation is conditioned by factors such as the customer's risk tolerance, the customer's losses and the efficiency of the security investment.

Design/methodology/approach

The author suggests that the decentralized nature of blockchain, information sharing, immutability and smart contracting capabilities have the potential to disrupt established business models and social norms. Challenges related to trust, customs oversight and payments are discussed, as well as the process of creating the framework for electronic commerce. As part of this research, the author has taken into consideration the increasing popularity of Internet shopping.

Findings

The author demonstrates that due to the worldwide reach of the internet and the fast advancement of computer technology, the economies of the globe have grown increasingly linked. Even though e-commerce has been growing rapidly in recent years due to innovations in both technology and international retail and distribution forms, it still confronts a number of challenges.

Research limitations/implications

In e-commerce that makes use of blockchain technology, there are significant costs associated with transferring data formats, a lack of consensus and limited emissivity in the flow of law and information. Reduced costs and associated negative externalities would be tremendously beneficial for both private enterprise and forward-thinking public policy.

Practical implications

This paper examines the potential liability concerns that may arise in the context of electronic transactions should a breach of security or privacy occur, as the author shows from a practical standpoint. Computers, mobile devices, tablets, sensors, smart meters and even autos are just some of the many channels via which data may be sent. It is conceivable for data flows in e-commerce, cloud and the Internet of Things to follow a regular pattern. This may endanger the confidentiality or security of the data. These have evolved into a significant barrier that web stores must overcome.

Originality/value

The author argues that resolving disputes related to the processing of electronic transactions is crucial to the growth of e-commerce businesses since customer happiness is directly correlated with business success.
Pathways for the social impact of research in Barcelona's tourism policy
Authors: Viana-Lora Alba , Nel-lo-Andreu Marta
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to analyse Barcelona City Council's tourism policy documents to detect how, through the influence of research, different pathways are produced to achieve social impact.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the case study approach, a qualitative content analysis is applied to review 31 tourism policy documents of Barcelona City Council.

Findings

The results show that the influence of tourism research on Barcelona City Council's policy documents occurs through the following pathways that drive potential social impact: the development of shared research programmes, joint projects, the creation of information exchange platforms, support for academia, the creation of debates, the founding of institutes, the referencing of scientific articles and studies commissioned directly by the City Council from higher education bodies for implementation in the city.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper is to highlight the social relevance of research and to contribute to raising awareness among researchers. The social impact of research is an under-explored topic in the field of tourism. Moreover, there is little research that conducts this analysis through policy documents.
Conducting Monte Carlo simulations with PLS-PM and other variance-based estimators for structural equation models: a tutorial using the R package cSEM
Authors: Schamberger Tamara
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a well-established and frequently applied method in various disciplines. New methods in the context of SEM are being introduced in an ongoing manner. Since formal proof of statistical properties is difficult or impossible, new methods are frequently justified using Monte Carlo simulations. For SEM with covariance-based estimators, several tools are available to perform Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, several guidelines on how to conduct a Monte Carlo simulation for SEM with these tools have been introduced. In contrast, software to estimate structural equation models with variance-based estimators such as partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) is limited.

Design/methodology/approach

As a remedy, the R packagecSEMwhich allows researchers to estimate structural equation models and to perform Monte Carlo simulations for SEM with variance-based estimators has been introduced. This manuscript provides guidelines on how to conduct a Monte Carlo simulation for SEM with variance-based estimators using the R packagescSEMandcSEM.DGP.

Findings

The author introduces and recommends a six-step procedure to be followed in conducting each Monte Carlo simulation.

Originality/value

For each of the steps, common design patterns are given. Moreover, these guidelines are illustrated by an example Monte Carlo simulation with ready-to-use R code showing that PLS-PM needs the constructs to be embedded in a nomological net to yield valuable results.
Work engagement of online car-hailing drivers: the effects of platforms' algorithmic management
Authors: Li Weimo , Lu Yaobin , Hu Peng , Gupta Sumeet
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Algorithms are widely used to manage various activities in the gig economy. Online car-hailing platforms, such as Uber and Lyft, are exemplary embodiments of such algorithmic management, where drivers are managed by algorithms for task allocation, work monitoring and performance evaluation. Despite employing substantially, the platforms face the challenge of maintaining and fostering drivers' work engagement. Thus, this study aims to examine how the algorithmic management of online car-hailing platforms affects drivers' work engagement.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on the transactional theory of stress, the authors examined the effects of algorithmic monitoring and fairness on online car-hailing drivers' work engagement and revealed the mediation effects of challenge-hindrance appraisals. Based on survey data collected from 364 drivers, the authors' hypotheses were examined using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The authors also applied path comparison analyses to further compare the effects of algorithmic monitoring and fairness on the two types of appraisals.

Findings

This study finds that online car-hailing drivers' challenge-hindrance appraisals mediate the relationship between algorithmic management characteristics and work engagement. Algorithmic monitoring positively affects both challenge and hindrance appraisals in online car-hailing drivers. However, algorithmic fairness promotes challenge appraisal and reduces hindrance appraisal. Consequently, challenge and hindrance appraisals lead to higher and lower work engagement, respectively. Further, the additional path comparison analysis showed that the hindering effect of algorithmic monitoring exceeds its challenging effect, and the challenge-promoting effect of algorithmic fairness is greater than the algorithm's hindrance-reducing effect.

Originality/value

This paper reveals the underlying mechanisms concerning how algorithmic monitoring and fairness affect online car-hailing drivers' work engagement and fills the gap in the research on algorithmic management in the context of online car-hailing platforms. The authors' findings also provide practical guidance for online car-hailing platforms on how to improve the platforms' algorithmic management systems.
The birth of the new anti-money laundering authority: harnessing the power of EU-wide supervision
Authors: Pavlidis Georgios
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to critically examine the European Union’s legislative initiative to establish an Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA), which will introduce union-level supervision and provide support to national supervisors in the field of anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT), as well as to financial intelligence units (FIUs) in European Union (EU) member states. The paper discusses why this initiative was deemed necessary, which are the key objectives, rules and principles of AMLA and which challenges and opportunities will emerge as AMLA becomes operational.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper draws on reports, legislation, legal scholarship and other open-source data on the EU legislative initiative to establish a new AMLA.

Findings

AMLA will provide a comprehensive framework for EU-level AML/CFT supervision and for cooperation among FIUs. If all organisational challenges are properly addressed, the new authority will significantly enhance the EU’s ability to tackle money laundering and terrorism financing.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is one of the first to examine the mission, governance and supervision mechanisms of the EU’s AMLA, as well as the challenges and opportunities associated with its functioning.
Environmental impacts of green bonds in cross-countries analysis: a moderating effect of institutional quality
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Minh , Luu Nguyen Hanh , Hoang Anh , Nguyen Mai Thi Ngoc
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the impacts of green bond issuance on the environment while taking into account the moderating role of issuing countries’ institutional quality.

Design/methodology/approach

The analysis is based on a longitudinal data set covering 171 countries and territories during 2007–2018. The authors rigorously account for endogeneity issues using two-stage least squares estimation and a set of instrumental variables for green bond issuance volume.

Findings

The overall results confirm the positive environmental impacts of green bonds in reducing carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing renewable energy consumption rate and accelerating the progress towards sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, these effects are contingent upon the levels of institutional development of the issuing countries in a way that green bond issuance only benefits the environment when the institutional quality has reached a minimum level.

Practical implications

The results provide important policy implications for countries in their efforts to prevent environmental degradation and achieve SDGs.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a macro-level evaluation of the environmental impact of green bonds, hence, enabling policy implications to be drawn for countries to achieve their SDGs. The analysis is more comprehensive using a wide range of indicators for environmental performance. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is also one of the first attempts to examine the moderating effect of institutions on the environmental impact of green bonds.
Integrating country of origin, brand image and halal product knowledge: the case of the South Korean skincare in Indonesia
Authors: Mahri A. Jajang W. , Juliana Juliana , Monoarfa Hilda , Rohepi Amelia Putri , Karim Rizuwan
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study shows the effect of the value of country of origin and brand image on the purchasing decision of South Korean skincare with halal product knowledge as a moderator variable.

Design/methodology/approach

The research method used is descriptive quantitative by analyzing the responses to questionnaires distributed to 212 respondents from all over Indonesia. Based on previous research, four hypotheses were built, and the collected data were processed using a path analysis tool through the SmartPLS 3.3.3 application.

Findings

The results showed that the country of origin and brand image variables had a significant effect on the purchasing decision of South Korean skincare with halal product knowledge as a moderator variable. Meanwhile, the halal product knowledge variable does not moderate the influence of country of origin and brand image on South Korean skincare purchasing decisions. This finding confirms that the halal product knowledge factor has not been sufficient to strengthen the influence of country of origin and brand image on South Korean skincare purchasing decisions.

Practical implications

To increase knowledge about Muslim halal in South Korea’s skincare purchasing decisions, the role of halal assurance institutions and South Korean and Indonesian skincare manufacturers is needed in optimizing halal certification and international agreements related to halal guarantees. In addition, halal cosmetics business actors in Indonesia and Korea must increase halal awareness of the products they sell through brand image and halal product knowledge so that they can convince and encourage Muslim consumers in making decisions to buy South Korean skincare in Indonesia.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to test country of origin and brand image on the decision to purchase South Korean skincare with halal product knowledge as a moderator variable. This study succeeded in revealing the strengths and weaknesses of the value of country of origin and brand image in influencing the purchasing decisions of South Korean skincare in Indonesia.
Smart human resource analytics for happiness management
Authors: Abellán-Sevilla Arturo-Julián , Ortiz-de-Urbina-Criado Marta
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic changed the lives of people around the world. In a post pandemic era, leaders have a role to enable the changes needed to make workplaces smart and happier. The aim of this study is to look at human resource management (HRM) from new perspectives: being smart and happy in the workplace. Some research questions are proposed: What do we know about smart human resources (smart HR)? What do we know about human resource analytics (HRA)? and how can future research on smart and happy HRM be oriented?

Design/methodology/approach

A bibliometric technique is used to identify the main topics studied in smart HR and HRA. A logical reasoning is applied to propose future research models.

Findings

For smart HR, the roadmap considers the approaches, practices and purposes. For HRA, the roadmap shows what are the perspectives HR processes, tools and its usefulness. Considering the context of Industry 5.0 and post pandemic era, a future research line for studying smart HRA for happy management is proposed.

Originality/value

This study has developed a proposed model to guide future research on the application of HRA to manage smart and happy workers.
Driving forces for industry 4.0 readiness, sustainable manufacturing practices and circular economy capabilities: does firm size matter?
Authors: Ali Kashif , Johl Satirenjit Kaur
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Despite just eight years remaining to meet the sustainable development goals (SDG, 2030), the manufacturing industry faces numerous challenges for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Some notable challenges include integrating sustainability, circular economy (CE), and industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies in a productive manner. However, there is a paucity of evidence available on the role of institutional pressures and organizational resources to promote I4.0 and sustainability. To fill this void, this study develops and tests a model based on institutional theory and resource-based view (RBV) theory while also taking company size into view as a moderating construct.

Design/methodology/approach

To test the study hypotheses and validate the model, data were obtained through a survey from 228 randomly selected SMEs manufacturing in China. Structured equation modeling and multigroup analysis were used to analyze the data.

Findings

The research findings indicate that institutional pressure has a positive effect on organizational resources (i.e., tangible and intangible), which are capable of orchestrating I4.0 readiness effectively. Also, I4.0 readiness has a positive effect on sustainable manufacturing practices and CE capabilities. Finally, firm size was revealed to be a significant moderator in driving overall integration.

Practical implications

Based on the findings, practical implications and future research directions are discussed.

Originality/value

Based on the institutional and RBV theories, this research shows how SMEs could be influenced by different stakeholders to acquire and develop their resources and capabilities to accelerate I4.0 readiness that further enhances sustainable practices.
From the ethnographers' side: escaping rocks and pitfalls in swinger research
Authors: Vaynman Margaret J. , Harviainen J. Tuomas
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This paper presents a model for organizational ethnographers that wish to find new methodological approaches for the study of swingers and other marginalized groups that deal with potential social stigma and form communities around the lifestyles of swingers and other groups.

Design/methodology/approach

An ethnographic, qualitative study was conducted by (first author) in Spain and France using the methods of participant observation and in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted in Spanish, Russian, English and French with 40 members of the studied scenes.

Findings

The authors claim that through wise participation, using ethnographer's positionality, communicating with the ethics review board throughout the project and skillful writing about this group, the authors can create a foundation for future ethnographies inside this subculture.

Originality/value

Very few ethnographers reported on being in the field as participants, even as novice swingers, and how the positionality of ethnographers and the embodied ethnography can contribute to understanding swinger settings. Even fewer ethnographers addressed the contradictory sides of permission from their ethics board to study swinger settings and the implications of this for data collection.
Servicescape insights in place of birth: from restorative servicescapes to co-curated transformative places
Authors: Krisjanous Jayne , Davey Janet , Heyward Bec , Bradford Billie
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Servicescape is well recognized by marketing scholars as a key influence in transformative service outcomes. However, the concept of enabling transformative health outcomes through physical servicescape design is often overlooked. The purpose of this study is to integrate marketing's servicescape research with birth territory theory and the enabling places framework, conceptualizing a Co-Curated Transformative Place (CCTP) framework.

Design/methodology/approach

This cross-disciplinary conceptual paper uses three places of birth (POB) servicescapes for low-risk birthing women to ground the CCTP framework.

Findings

Positioned within transformative service research, this study shows how POB servicescapes are CCTPs. The organizing framework of CCTP comprises four key steps founded on agile and adaptive co-curation of physical place resources.

Research limitations/implications

This study extends the servicescape conceptualization to incorporate the continuum of terrain, introducing adaptive and agile co-curation of places.

Practical implications

The materiality of place and physical resources in CCTP are usefully understood in terms of co-curated substantive staging according to service actor needs. The CCTP servicescape maximizes desired value outcomes and quality experience by adaptive response to service demands and service actors’ needs.

Originality/value

Theoretical discourse of health servicescapes is expanded to focus on the material components of place and their foundational role in generating resources and capabilities that facilitate the realization of service value. In the CCTP, service actors flexibly select, present and adapt physical artifacts and material resources of the service terrain according to dynamic actor needs and service responsibilities, enabling transformative outcomes. Co-curation facilitates reciprocal synergy between other dimensions of place and servicescape.