bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Another unit Burr XII quantile regression model based on the different reparameterization applied to dropout in Brazilian undergraduate courses
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiane Fontana , Peña-Ramírez Fernando A. , Guerra Renata Rojas , Cordeiro Gauss M.
Published: November 2022

In many practical situations, there is an interest in modeling bounded random variables in the interval (0, 1), such as rates, proportions, and indexes. It is important to provide new continuous models to deal with the uncertainty involved by variables of this type. This paper proposes a new quantile regression model based on an alternative parameterization of the unit Burr XII (UBXII) distribution. For the UBXII distribution and its associated regression, we obtain score functions and observed information matrices. We use the maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameters of the regression model, and conduct a Monte Carlo study to evaluate the performance of its estimates in samples of finite size. Furthermore, we present general diagnostic analysis and model selection techniques for the regression model. We empirically show its importance and flexibility through an application to an actual data set, in which the dropout proportion of Brazilian undergraduate animal sciences courses is analyzed. We use a statistical learning method for comparing the proposed model with the beta, Kumaraswamy, and unit-Weibull regressions. The results show that the UBXII regression provides the best fit and the most accurate predictions. Therefore, it is a valuable alternative and competitive to the well-known regressions for modeling double-bounded variables in the unit interval.
Factors associated with willingness to take COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant women at Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia: A multicenter institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Aynalem Zewdu Bishaw , Bogale Tewodros Worku , Bantie Getasew Mulat , Ayalew Agumas Fentahun , Tamir Workineh , Feleke Dejen Getaneh , Yazew Birhaneslasie Gebeyehu
Published: November 2022

Background

Coronavirus disease has spread worldwide since late 2019. Vaccination is critical in controlling this pandemic. However, vaccine acceptance among pregnant women is not well-studied. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics at Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. About 510 study subjects were selected using a systematic random sampling technique from August 25 to September 10/2021. Data collection was done by using an interviewer-administered, structured questionnaire. Epi-info 7.2 was used to enter data and then exported to SPSS version 25 software for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Variables with a p-value < 0.2 in the bivariable analysis were entered into the multivariable analysis to control for possible confounders. Statistical significance is determined using an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p-value of < 0.05.

Results

Of 510 participants, 211 (41.4%) were willing to take COVID-19 vaccines. Maternal age ≥ 35 years (AOR: 5.678, 95% CI: 1.775–18.166), having contact history with COVID-19 diagnosed people (AOR: 7.724, 95% CI: 2.183, 27.329), having a pre-existing chronic disease (AOR: 3.131, 95% CI: 1.700–5.766), good knowledge about COVID-19 vaccine (AOR: 2.391, 95% CI: 1.144, 4.998) and good attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine (AOR: 2.128, 95% CI: 1.348) were significantly associated with the outcome variable.

Conclusions

The willingness to take COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant mothers was low. Age, contact history with COVID-19 diagnosed people, chronic disease, knowledge, and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine were factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine willingness. To enhance the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, the government with different stakeholders should strengthen public education about the importance of getting COVID-19 vaccine.
Dopamine versus norepinephrine as the first-line vasopressor in the treatment of cardiogenic shock
Authors: Na Soo Jin , Yang Jeong Hoon , Ko Ryoung-Eun , Chung Chi Ryang , Cho Yang Hyun , Choi Ki Hong , Kim Darae , Park Taek Kyu , Lee Joo Myung , Song Young Bin , Choi Jin-Oh , Hahn Joo-Yong , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol
Published: November 2022

Background

Only a few observational studies using small patient samples and one subgroup analysis have compared norepinephrine and dopamine for the treatment of cardiogenic shock (CS). The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the use of norepinephrine was associated with improvements in clinical outcomes in CS patients compared to dopamine.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed hospital medical records of patients who were admitted to cardiac intensive care unit from 2012 to 2018. We included 520 patients with CS in this analysis. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and serial hemodynamic data were also assessed.

Results

As a first-line vasopressor, dopamine was used in 156 patients (30%) and norepinephrine in 364 patients (70%). Overall, the norepinephrine group had significantly higher severity of shock, arrest at presentation, vital signs, and lactic acid than did the dopamine group at the time of vasopressor initiation. Nevertheless, in the norepinephrine group, additional vasopressor was required in 123 patients (33.8%), which was a significantly smaller percentage than the 92 patients (56.4%) in the dopamine group who required additional vasopressor (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between the two groups (26.9% and 31.9%, respectively, p = 0.26). In addition, the incidence of arrhythmia was not different between the two groups (atrial fibrillation, 12.2% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.30; ventricular tachyarrhythmia, 19.9% vs. 25.3%, p = 0.18).

Conclusions

The use of norepinephrine as a first-line vasopressor was not associated with reductions of in-hospital mortality or arrythmia but could reduce use of additional vasopressors in CS patients.
Over prescription of antibiotics in children with acute upper respiratory tract infections: A study on the knowledge, attitude and practices of non-specialized physicians in Egypt
Authors: Amin Mariam Taher , Abd El Aty Mahmoud Attia , Ahmed Sabra Mohamed , Elsedfy Ghada Omar , Hassanin Ebtisam Shawky , El-Gazzar Amira Fathy
Published: November 2022

Background

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently one of the global public health threats. Increased antibiotic consumption in humans, animals, and agriculture has contributed directly to the spread of AMR. Upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) are one of the most common conditions treated by antibiotics, even if unnecessary as in cases of viral infections and self-limited conditions which represent the most cases of URIs. Investigating physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding antibiotic prescriptions in children with acute URIs may reflect the problem of antibiotic over prescription. This study aims to assess the problem in our community and provide information for further planning of appropriate interventions to optimize antibiotic prescriptions.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study for all non-specialized physicians dealing with acute upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) in pediatrics sittings in Assiut district, Egypt. We used a self-administered questionnaire to assess physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice. In addition, four clinical vignettes addressing different URI scenarios were included in the questionnaire to assess the patterns of antibiotic prescriptions in common cases.

Results

Our study included 153 physicians whose mean age was 32.2 ± 8.7, most of whom were pediatric residents in different health institutes in Assiut district. They had good knowledge as out of the 17 knowledge questions,the mean number of correct answers was 12.4 ± 2.9. Regarding their attitudes, mean attitude scores for inappropriate antibiotic prescribing were low. However, of those scores, the responsibility of others had the highest score (3.8 ± 0.61). Prescribing practice in special conditions of URIs showed that 80% of participants prescribed antibiotics if fever continued for more than five days and 61.4% if the child had a yellowish or greenish nasal discharge. Among 612 clinical vignettes, 326 contained antibiotic prescriptions (53.3%), and appropriate antibiotic prescriptions represented only 8.3% overall.

Conclusions

Physicians dealing with acute URIs in outpatients’ clinics in the Assiut district have good knowledge about antibiotic use and resistance and demonstrate a good attitude toward appropriate antibiotic use. Although the percentage of inappropriate prescriptions in clinical vignettes in high, more research is required to investigate the factors of antibiotic inappropriate prescribing practice and non-adherence to guidelines. Also, it is essential to set up a national antibiotic stewardship program to improve antibiotic prescribing and contain antimicrobial resistance problems.
New Initiatives for Building Education for Sustainability in Initial Early Childhood Teacher Education in Sweden – Critical Aspects and Noticeable Needs
Authors: Ärlemalm-Hagsér Eva , Gustavsson Laila ,   Kristianstad University, Sweden, Thulin Susanne ,   Kristianstad University, Sweden, Evans Neus ,   James Cook University, Australia
Published: November 2022

There is an identified need for research capable of enhancing understanding of effective practice in the embedding of Education for Sustainability (EfS) in Initial Early Childhood Teacher education (IECTE). Research further finds that innovative teaching strategies are needed to build new teachers’ capacity to prepare future citizens to manage critical sustainability challenges. This study meets this need by investigating how EfS is implemented in two IECTE programmes at two Swedish universities where EfS is embedded throughout the years of study, and the learning students demonstrate at the end of the programmes in relation to EfS. Findings reveal that students demonstrate a range of understandings related to EfS and the role of the early childhood teacher in EfS. Findings further suggest there is an overall need to deepen IECTE students’ EfS theoretical and pedagogical content knowledge to enable them to close a gap between the theory and teaching of EfS in early childhood education settings.
Az -e kérdő partikula használatáról múlt idejű feltételes módú igealakot tartalmazó beágyazott mellékmondatokban
Authors: Virovec Viktória , Sándor Lilla Kamilla
Published: November 2022

A tanulmányunkban a V volna-e és a V-e volna szerkezetek elfogadhatóságát tárgyaljuk. Az erre vonatkozó kérdőíves felmérésünkben a mátrixpredikátumnak és a beágyazott mondat feltételt megfogalmazó mellékmondatának együttes hatását vizsgáltuk a két szerkezet elfogadhatóságára nézve. A változók a felmérésünkben az -e elhelyezkedése mellett a mátrixpredikátum jellege (bizonytalanságot/információhiányt fejez ki, a mellékmondatban a beszélő egy vita tárgyát/kérdést idéz), valamint a beágyazott feltételes mondat mellékmondata által kiváltott implikatúra (az esemény megtörtént vagy nem történt meg) voltak. Azt feltételeztük, hogy a vizsgált szerkezetek elfogadhatóságát leginkább a mátrixpredikátum jellegének és a beágyazott mondat feltételt megfogalmazó mellékmondata által kiváltott implikatúrának az együttes hatása befolyásolja. Az eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy a bizonytalanságot/információhiányt kifejező mátrixpredikátum esetén a V-e volna szignifikánsan elfogadhatóbb, ha a beágyazott mondat feltételt megfogalmazó mellékmondata azt implikálja, hogy az esemény nem történt meg. A beágyazott feltételes mondat mellékmondata által kiváltott implikatúra nem változtat azonban a mondatok megítélésén, ha a beszélő a mellékmondatban egy kérdést vagy egy vita tárgyát idézi. Mindez azt erősíti, hogy az -e pozíciójában tapasztalt variáció nemcsak stílus vagy regiszter kérdése, hanem grammatikai változók is befolyásolják.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CULTIVATED MYCELIUM OF WOOD-DESTROYING BASIDIOMYCETE FOMES FOMENTARIUS (L.) FR.
Authors: Prosenko Mariya Anatol'yevna , Filippova Ekaterina Igorevna , Teplyakova Tamara Vladimirovna , Makarevich Elena Viktorovna , Serova Ol'ga Alekseyevna , Mazurkova Natal'ya Alekseyevna
Published: November 2022

The biomass of the mycelium of the xylotrophic basidiomycete Fomes fomentarius strain Kr-112 was obtained by submerged cultivation. The highest yield of dry biomass (6.9±0.3 g/l) was observed during submerged cultivation in a nutrient medium with starch and corn extract. Dry extracts were obtained from the biomass of the cultivated mycelium of the fungus and characterized by their chemical composition. The highest content of total protein (27±1 mg/g), phenolic compounds (13.8±0.5 mg/g) and flavonoids (13±1 mg/g) was shown in the ethanol extract of the cultured mycelium Fomes fomentarius grown in glucose-peptone medium. The maximum content of polysaccharides (379±16 mg/g) was shown by an ethanol extract from the mycelium of Fomes fomentarius grown in a medium with starch and corn extract. Extracts from the mycelium of Fomes fomentarius grown in a glucose-peptone medium showed the highest antioxidant activity. An ethanol extract obtained from a cultured mycelium grown in a glucose-peptone medium-exhibited antiviral activity in vitro against herpes simplex virus type 2 and avian influenza virus A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1). The animal protection factor was 60% in experiments in vivo when orally administered ethanol extract of mycelium grown in a glucose-peptone medium in mice infected with the human influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) virus in the prophylactic scheme.
COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF FLAVONOIDS ANF HYDROXYCINNAMATES OF URTICA CANNABINA (URTICACEAE)
Authors: Olennikov Daniil Nikolayevich , Kashchenko Nina Igorevna , Chirikova Nadezhda Konstantinovna
Published: November 2022

Phenolic compounds of Urtica cannabina L. (cannabis nettle; family Urticaceae), a widespread Asian species of Russia, are poorly studied. In the present study, for the first time, a chromatographic analysis of U. cannabina growing in Eastern Siberia was realized together with isolation of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates and study of the biological activity of extracts and pure compounds. As a result, it was found that the total extracts of U. cannabina were characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds and, as a result, a pronounced antiradical activity against DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals. After chromatographic separation, the presence of 24 compounds was detected in the plant, of which 22 were identified for the first time for the species, including a new flavonoid, which was kaempferol-3-O-(2'',6''-di-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (astragalin 2'',6''-di-O-acetate) based on UV, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry data. Flavonoids of U. cannabina showed a pronounced antioxidant effect on the model of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in macrophages. Studies have shown that U. cannabina is a source of biologically active phenolic compounds.
FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONAL NON-PROFIT SECTOR: SOCIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Kosygina Kseniya E.
Published: November 2022

Organizations of the non-profit sector have become a key agent in solving many issues of economic and social development at the regional level, having special competitive advantages. In this regard, their activities require regular diagnostics. The purpose of the study was to make a sociological diagnosis of the factors of development of the non-profit sector in the region. The information base of the study is represented by the data of two sociological surveys conducted on the territory of the Vologda Oblast, one of them is carried out in the monitoring mode. The sample size is 1500 people. We used the index method of evaluation and the method of analyzing the distribution of respondents' opinions by socio-demographic groups, depending on the selected components of the involvement of the region's population in the activities of non-profit organizations. The following private/sub-indices were calculated: public awareness of the activities of NPOs; participation in their work and trust in them; influence (significance) of NPOs on the development of the region. The integral index served as a generalizing indicator. It is concluded that the main factor hindering the development of the non-profit sector is the low level of participation in the activities of NPOs of the population of the region. It has been established that in the context of socio-demographic groups, the most significant factors are gender, education level, age and financial situation, in turn, the type of territory does not have a significant impact on the public recognition of the NPO sector. It was revealed that among Internet users the work of NPOs does not find a great response. In the long-term dynamics from 2013 to 2021, the regional community noted positive trends in terms of the involvement of the population in the practices of non-profit organizations and their support.
JUDICIAL AND CRIMINALISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS: PROFILING, VERIFICATION AND USE OF THE POLYGRAPH
Authors: Khoteeva Raisa I. , Arpentieva Mariam R.
Published: November 2022

The issues of using non-traditional methods of forensic research attract the attention of both practitioners and theorists of forensic science and jurisprudence, as well as many specialists in related specialties, including doctors, psychologists, biologists, programmers and representatives of other sciences. The concept of “non-traditional methods of solving crimes” appeared in the 80-90s of the XX century and integrated the methods and approaches of applied psychology, psychodiagnostics and human psychophysiology. Although the world practice of using psychological and psychophysiological methods, approaches and technologies has more than half a century, these methods and devices, programs and technologies are gaining maximum popularity at the present time. Verification and profiling are two of the most interesting and closely related modern areas of psychological forensics as a science of psychological investigation of the event of a crime and its participants (according to the “ideal” and material traces of a crime). They are important parts of modern forensic psychology. Both of these parts are implemented in the practice of investigators / forensic scientists and judges both with the help of non-instrumental (expert) and instrumental (polygraph, etc.) psychological methods and techniques. The problems of modern psychological forensics, however, are not the devices and methods themselves, their development, which undoubtedly enriches both forensic science and psychodiagnostics in general, but that the results of research and practical developments in this area can be illegally expanded to other areas, including in the professor of hyper-securization, as well as in the fact that not always reliable and transparent conclusions of an expert and / or equipment created and used by people who consider themselves experts, equipment, including statistical methods implemented by digital devices, etc.... can be used in a corrupt community, for their own purposes, against people. The emergence of a conflict of interest is all the more likely, the less substantiated and transparent the procedures, methods and algorithms for verification and profiling, and the more the country's law enforcement system is aimed at ignoring the needs of the community in favor of the interests of the bureaucratic monolith. And only then it is possible and nuno to solve the issues of improving programs and techniques of profiling and verification: today the existing approaches and devices give rather high reliability indicators, but not always.
Standard Sentential Negation in Basic Declarative Utterances in Hnaring Lutuv
Authors: Robinson Amalia
Published: November 2022

This squib outlines standard sentential negation in basic declarative utterances in Hnaring Lutuv.
PENGARUH GREEN INNOVATION TERDAHAP ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE DENGAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Mariyamah Mariyamah , Handayani Susi
Published: November 2022

This study aims to examine empirically the effect of green innovation on economic performance and environmental management accounting as a moderate variable. This research method uses quantitative research methods. The sample of this study was manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and participated PROPER program in the period 2016-2018. Based on the sampling technique, there were 155 companies. The data analysis technique uses Moderated Regression Analysis with the application of SPSS 25. The independent variable in this study is green innovation, which is green product innovation and green process innovation. The dependent variable in this study is economic performance measured by ROA. The moderating variable in this study is environmental management accounting measured by the eco-efficiency ratio. The results of this study show that green innovation has a positive effect on economic performance and environmental management accounting cannot moderate the relationship between green innovation and economic performance
PERSPEKTIF AKUNTANSI MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN DAN PENGUNGKAPANNYA PADA NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Endiana I Dewa Made , Suryandari Ni Nyoman Ayu
Published: November 2022

Company development does not only focus on maximum profit but also social and environmental welfare. This is in accordance with the principle of triple botton line accounting which consists of profit, planet and people. If the triple bottom line principle is not implemented, the company's environmental management is not organized, the company's environmental performance will decline and the company's desire to protect the environment is low. With environmental management accounting (EMA), companies can identify, assign and allocate costs accurately to a product or process, so that management is able to perform efficiency. EMA facilitates management in managing companies related to environmental performance management because of the availability of information starting from the use of raw materials, energy used, and water and the results of business processes such as waste. The importance of environmental performance in increasing the value of a company motivates researchers to determine whether the company's environmental performance and environmental disclosure have an effect on firm value. By using the sample selection criteria with purposive sampling, namely manufacturing companies that participated in PROPER 2016-2018, 15 companies were obtained as samples in this study. By using the PLS warp, the results show that Environmental Management Accounting has a positive effect on firm size, Environmental Management Accounting has a positive effect on Environmental Disclosure and Environmental Disclosure has a positive effect on firm size.
OPTIMALISASI PENERIMAAN DI ERA REFORMASI PAJAK: EKSTENSIFIKASI BERBASIS PENGUASAAN WILAYAH DENGAN PEMODERASI TAX BASE
Authors: Hapsari Ika , Hardiningsih Pancawati
Published: November 2022

Tax base enrichment is DGT’s main purpose in the 2020-2024 strategic plan. This program is parallel with the tax reform volume III agenda in DGT since 2017. The research aims to measure the effectiveness of extensification based on regional mastery especially using the digital approach at Central Java I Regional DGT Office in supporting DGT's strategic goal: tax revenue optimization. Tax base as moderator aims to determine the effect on the correlation between the two. Primary data came from online questionnaires results from fifty respondents and in-depth interviews. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The result shows that extensification based on regional mastery has a significant and positive effect on tax revenue optimization, while tax base moderation doesn't have any effect. The result of the interaction test also concluded that the tax base did not moderate the relation between extensification based on regional mastery and tax revenue optimization in the tax reform era.
Where is laboratory medicine headed in the next decade? Partnership model for efficient integration and adoption of artificial intelligence into medical laboratories
Authors: Carobene Anna , Cabitza Federico , Bernardini Sergio , Gopalan Raj , Lennerz Jochen K. , Weir Clare , Cadamuro Janne
Published: November 2022

Objectives

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) has grown in the past 10 years. Despite the crucial role of laboratory diagnostics in clinical decision-making, we found that the majority of AI studies focus on surgery, radiology, and oncology, and there is little attention given to AI integration into laboratory medicine.

Methods

We dedicated a session at the 3rd annual European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) strategic conference in 2022 to the topic of AI in the laboratory of the future. The speakers collaborated on generating a concise summary of the content that is presented in this paper.

Results

The five key messages are (1) Laboratory specialists and technicians will continue to improve the analytical portfolio, diagnostic quality and laboratory turnaround times; (2) The modularized nature of laboratory processes is amenable to AI solutions; (3) Laboratory sub-specialization continues and from test selection to interpretation, tasks increase in complexity; (4) Expertise in AI implementation and partnerships with industry will emerge as a professional competency and require novel educational strategies for broad implementation; and (5) regulatory frameworks and guidances have to be adopted to new computational paradigms.

Conclusions

In summary, the speakers opine that the ability to convert the value-proposition of AI in the laboratory will rely heavily on hands-on expertise and well designed quality improvement initiative from within laboratory for improved patient care.
Cockney moved East: the dialect of the first generation of East Londoners raised in Essex
Authors: Cole Amanda
Published: November 2022

This paper provides a dialectological account of the variety spoken by the first generation to grow up in a community in Essex populated by East Londoners after World War II. The dialect spoken by 15 speakers (female = 9; male =6) born between 1944 and 1969 is detailed in terms of vowels, consonants, morpho-syntactic features, and a brief discussion of Cockney Rhyming Slang. Comparisons are made with previous accounts of the working-class, East London dialect, Cockney, as well as the dialects of Essex (East London’s neighbouring county), East Anglia, South East England and Multicultural London English, the dialect now prevalent in the speech of young East Londoners. There are remarkable similarities between the English spoken in this Essex community and previous accounts of Cockney, including its most defining features. This Essex dialect is certainly encapsulated within the natural range of variation within Cockney and far surpasses the Cockney influences observed in other areas of the South East. Conclusively it can be determined that Cockney did move to Essex along with the communities who relocated.
Mechanical properties of epoxy resin toughened with cornstarch
Authors: Wang Zhi , Lv Haopeng , Yang Yuxiang
Published: November 2022

We investigated the effect of starch modification on the mechanical properties of phenolic epoxy resin (EP). Corn starch admixture of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt% were added into the EP. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and elastic modulus of different corn starch contents were compared. The containing of corn starch showed a positive effect on the toughness of the epoxy but showed little effect on strength when the additive content was less than 10 wt%. The strength and elastic modulus increased first and then decreased with the increase in starch content and reached their maximum values at a content of 2.5 wt%. The enhancement effect might be due to corn starch’s mechanical properties, dispersibility, and interfacial interaction. With the increase in starch content, starch granules quickly contact each other, causing self-aggregation sedimentation and a decrease in strength and elastic modulus. The scanning electron micrographs of the toughened EP specimens showed ductile failure because of the starch particles. The surface morphology of the blend resin specimens was full of staggered and stepped cracks caused by the shearing damage, which is shown by obvious plastic fracture characteristics with plastic deformation ability. The initiation of micro-cracks in the EP matrix was induced by the incorporation of starch particles, which caused localized stepped shear damage in the matrix. More energy would be absorbed during this process, and the toughness of the EP would be enhanced. It is recommended that the best corn starch content should be 2.5 wt% to obtain excellent strength and good toughness.
Ultrasensitive marker-free biomolecular THz-detection for tumor-related analytics
Authors: Richter Merle , Loth Yannik , Weisenstein Christian , Wigger Anna Katharina , Schaar Dominik , Bosserhoff Anja Katrin , Haring Bolívar Peter
Published: November 2022

Terahertz (THz) biosensing has emerged as an important research field, mainly driven by the resonant behavior of many biomolecules in this spectral range which holds potential for highly sensitive analyses. In this work, we present a detailed overview of our current research on THz biosensing, focusing on the development and analysis of THz biosensors based on frequency selective surfaces (FSS) for two different measurement scenarios: i) label-free, highly sensitive and selective analysis of dried biomolecules, and ii) sensitive and selective analysis in an aqueous environment. With our carefully designed THz biosensor for measurements in the dry state, we were able to indirectly measure tumor-marker MIA RNA in a concentration as low as 1.55 × 10−12 mol/L, without the need for biochemical amplification. Our biosensor with substrate-integrated microfluidics for terahertz measurements in an aqueous environment is validated by simulations, showing that the resonance feature in the frequency response of our sensor is maintained even for measurements in water.
Modeling the gravitational effects of ocean tide loading at coastal stations in the China earthquake gravity network based on GOTL software
Authors: Zhu Chuandong , Pang Liuqing , Sheng Didi , Huang Jialiang , Li Jinwu
Published: November 2022

The gravitational effects of ocean tide loading, which are one of the main factors affecting gravity measurements, consist of three components: (1) direct attraction from the tidal water masses, (2) radial displacement of the observing station due to the tidal load, and (3) internal redistribution of masses due to crustal deformation. In this study, software for gravitational effects of ocean tide loading was developed by evaluating a convolution integral between the ocean tide model and Green’s functions that describe the response of the Earth to tide loading. The effects of three-dimensional station coordinates, computational grid patterns, ocean tide models, Green’s functions, coastline, and local tide gauge were comprehensively considered in the programming process. Using a larger number of high-precision coastlines, ocean tide models, and Green’s functions, the reliability and applicability of the software were analyzed at coastal stations in the China Earthquake Gravity Network. The software can provide the amplitude and phase for ocean tide loading and produce a predicted gravity time series. The results can effectively reveal the variation characteristics of ocean tide loading in space and time. The computational gravitational effects of ocean tide loading were compared and analyzed for different ocean tide models and Green’s functions. The results show that different ocean tide models and Green’s functions have certain effects on the calculated values of loading gravity effects. Furthermore, a higher-precision local ocean tide model, digital elevation model, and local tidal gauge record can be further imported into our software to improve the accuracy of loading gravity effects in the global and local zones. The software is easy to operate and can provide a comprehensive platform for correcting the gravitational effects of ocean tide loading at stations in the China Earthquake Gravity Network.
Topology-optimized silicon-based dual-mode 4 × 4 electro-optic switch
Authors: Niu Jiaqi , Yang Shanglin , Zhou Ting , Jia Hao , Fu Xin , Zhao Zhizun , Li Zhen , Zhang Gaolu , Chen Changhua , Yang Lin
Published: November 2022

Silicon-based optical switch is one of the key components for on-chip optical interconnect systems, and mode division multiplexing technology has been employed to boost optical switches’ channel capacity. However, the majority of the proven multimode optical switches have a switching time in the microsecond range, which is insufficient for some applications. In this paper, we design and experimentally demonstrate a high-speed dual-mode 4 × 4 optical switch based on a mode-diversity scheme, composed of four pairs of mode multiplexers and de-multiplexers, and two optimized single-mode 4 × 4 optical switches. Fast switching is enabled based on the carrier dispersion effect. At the same time, we improve the performances of the optical switch by reducing the number of optical switch units used in the 4 × 4 Spanke–Beneš architecture. Its power consumptions are reduced by ∼17%. Its insertion losses are within 8.8 dB in the wavelength range of 1525–1565 nm in the both sates of “through” and “all-cross”, while the optical signal-to-noise ratios are larger than 12.8 dB. Also, 50 Gbps data transmission experiments verify the device’s data transmission functionality.
Demonstration of conventional soliton, bound-state soliton, and noise-like pulse based on chromium sulfide as saturable absorber
Authors: Yang Fuhao , Sui Zhiqi , Sun Shuo , Chen Si , Wang Yanjuan , Fan Weiyu , Li Shuaimeng , Wang Guomei , Zhang Wenfei , Lu Cheng , Fu Shenggui , Zhang Huanian
Published: November 2022

Ferromagnetic semiconductor chromium sulfide (Cr2S3), as a member of transition metal chalcogenide (TMC), exhibits the narrow bandgap value of 0.45 eV theoretically and has been applied in photoelectric field. However, the application in ultrafast fiber laser of Cr2S3 has not been investigation at present. In this work, the Cr2S3-based SA was successfully prepared by depositing nanosheets onto tapered fiber. The conventional soliton (CS) operation, three pulse bound-state (BS) soliton operation, and noise-like pulse (NLP) operation around 1531 nm are observed from 80 mW to 147 mW in an EDFL. The experimental results demonstrated that Cr2S3 as a promising 2D material has tremendous potential in designing ultrafast photonics device.
To realize a variety of structural color adjustments via lossy-dielectric-based Fabry–Perot cavity structure
Authors: Rahman Md Abdur , Kim Dong Kyu , Lee Jong-Kwon , Byun Ji Young
Published: November 2022

Structural colors with tunable properties have extensive applications in surface decoration, arts, absorbers, and optical filters. Planar structures have more advantages over other forms studied to date due to their easy manufacturability. Metal-insulator-metal-based structures are one of the known methods to fabricate structural colors where colors can be tuned mainly by the thickness of the intermediate lossless insulator layer. However, generating colors by MIM structure requires a thin metallic layer on top, and the top metals’ abrasiveness and/or oxidation may degrade the colors quickly. Thus, we propose a lossy dielectric layer to replace the top metallic layer as a solution to ensure the structure’s durability by preventing scratches and oxidation. Herein, CrON/Si3N4/Metal structures have been studied where theoretical investigations suggest that highly saturated colors can be generated in the lossy-lossless dielectric structures. Experimental data validated such simulations by revealing a range of vivid colors. Furthermore, these structures can easily achieve strong light absorption (SLA) even for a thick top layer of ∼100 nm. The colors realized by these structures are appeared due to a combination of the interference effect of the asymmetric Fabry–Perot cavity structure and the absorption rate in the CrO
x
N1−x
layer.
Simulation of oscillatory dynamics induced by an approximation of grid cell output
Authors: Traub Roger D. , Whittington Miles A. , Cunningham Mark O.
Published: November 2022

Grid cells, in entorhinal cortex (EC) and related structures, signal animal location relative to hexagonal tilings of 2D space. A number of modeling papers have addressed the question of how grid firing behaviors emerge using (for example) ideas borrowed from dynamical systems (attractors) or from coupled oscillator theory. Here we use a different approach: instead of asking how grid behavior emerges, we take as a given the experimentally observed intracellular potentials of superficial medial EC neurons during grid firing. Employing a detailed neural circuit model modified from a lateral EC model, we then ask how the circuit responds when group of medial EC principal neurons exhibit such potentials, simultaneously with a simulated theta frequency input from the septal nuclei. The model predicts the emergence of robust theta-modulated gamma/beta oscillations, suggestive of oscillations observed in an in vitro medial EC experimental model (Cunningham, M.O., Pervouchine, D.D., Racca, C., Kopell, N.J., Davies, C.H., Jones, R.S.G., Traub, R.D., and Whittington, M.A. (2006). Neuronal metabolism governs cortical network response state. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 103: 5597–5601). Such oscillations result because feedback interneurons tightly synchronize with each other – despite the varying phases of the grid cells – and generate a robust inhibition-based rhythm. The lack of spatial specificity of the model interneurons is consistent with the lack of spatial periodicity in parvalbumin interneurons observed by Buetfering, C., Allen, K., and Monyer, H. (2014). Parvalbumin interneurons provide grid cell-driven recurrent inhibition in the medial entorhinal cortex. Nat. Neurosci. 17: 710–718. If in vivo EC gamma rhythms arise during exploration as our model predicts, there could be implications for interpreting disrupted spatial behavior and gamma oscillations in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia. Noting that experimental intracellular grid cell potentials closely resemble cortical Up states and Down states, during which fast oscillations also occur during Up states, we propose that the co-occurrence of slow principal cell depolarizations and fast network oscillations is a general property of the telencephalon, in both waking and sleep states.
ARQUITETURA ENTRANHA NO PAMPA
Authors: Bogo Chies Luiz Antônio , Leite da Silva Diego
Published: November 2022

Neste ensaio se vislumbra uma arquitetura peculiar que se desenvolve no Pampa, em especial nos ambientes rurais dos séculos XVIII e XIX, mas repercute em construções posteriores, inclusive urbanas, alcançando as edificações contemporâneas. Como estratégia metodológica, trabalhamos com textos literários e relatos de estrangeiros viajantes pelos territórios do cone sul (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Paraguai e Uruguai) escritos, preferencialmente, entre o século XIX e as primeiras décadas do século XX. Focalizamos três eixos de registros arquitetônicos: o rancho; a tapera; e, a casa do estancieiro. Por fim, buscamos analisar os achados nas narrativas com auxílio de duas perspectivas estéticas: a do Frio, elaborada por Vitor Ramil; e, a Wabi-sabi, originária da cultura japonesa. Com a apresentação de perspectivas pré-conceituais do que propomos como uma arquitetura entranha no pampa, buscamos abrir uma agenda de reflexões e pesquisas que valorize as peculiaridades regionais de um continente mestiço.
O CINEMATÓGRAFO EM PELOTAS
Authors: Toralles dos Santos Braga Natália , Castro Gonsales Célia , Montagna da Silveira Aline
Published: November 2022

O cinema como arte, lazer e arquitetura, sempre esteve relacionado ao processo de modernização urbana na virada dos séculos XIX para o XX. Pelotas, enriquecida pela indústria do charque, atividade econômica diretamente associada ao seu lugar geográfico, acolhia as novidades da época e atraía olhares de investidores. Nesse contexto, a importância que a arte cinematográfica alcançou na cidade se refletiu tanto na produção cinematográfica como no grande número de salas de cinema construídas na cidade. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo traçar uma narrativa que entende o cinema como reflexo e, ao mesmo tempo agente, da renovação na cultura urbana pelotense. Uma ampla revisão bibliográfica sobre a pioneira produção cinematográfica em Pelotas e um levantamento extensivo da concretização espacial e arquitetônica das salas de projeção no centro e bairros da cidade, permitiram traçar esse paralelo entre arte, arquitetura e território em um contexto cultural e geográfico muito peculiar.
SATOLEP
Authors: Ramires Soares Bianca , De Oliveira Torres Carrasco André
Published: November 2022

Este artigo procura investigar as relações entre literatura e urbanismo, compreendendo as obras literárias como ferramentas capazes de explorar, de um modo geral, os processos de formação cultural das cidades e o processo de produção e apropriação do espaço urbano. A literatura, a arquitetura e o urbanismo foram em larga escala influenciados por movimentos culturais, políticos e estéticos constituídos na sociedade contemporânea. Desse modo o trabalho procura estabelecer relações entre textos literários e as possibilidades de sua utilização como ferramentas de leitura, interpretação e apropriação da forma urbana. O recorte da pesquisa seleciona a América Latina como território a ser explorado, concentrando sua abordagem no modo como estas questões se expressam na cidade de Pelotas. Desta maneira, busca reunir, tanto no campo da literatura quanto do urbanismo, interpretações dos fenômenos urbanos recentes de forma a construir uma investigação situada no contexto das manifestações culturais que podem ilustrar as consequências de uma crise urbana decorrente do esgotamento da matriz modernista funcionalista.
O CALOR DA ARTE NA CULTURA DO FRIO
Authors: De Bacco Bilheri Estevan , Moreira Brum Cristhian , Dorn de Oliveira Tarcísio , Copetti Callai Helena
Published: November 2022

A relação das cidades com o gênero ainda é frágil, pois ainda é dominada pelos padrões sociais. O que dificulta sua apropriação pelos dissidentes de gênero, impedindo a criação de vínculos de pertencimento: elemento fundamental para o desenvolvimento humano. Em contrapartida a dominância, existe o movimento da cultura alternativa utilizado pelas minorias sociais para equilibrar o direito à cidade. Mas como estas manifestações se comportam na cultura do frio? Este artigo visa compreender como a produção artística das minorias de gênero interferem na urbe. Para o desenvolvimento foi utilizado a revisão bibliográfica, além do estudo das produções artísticas dos dissidentes em Satolep. Os resultados obtidos, revelam que a produção artística interfere positivamente no desenvolvimento da cidade, além de contribuir para a constituição de vínculos com o Poder Público. A arte e a cultura acendem a fagulha do calor dentro da cultura do frio, lançando um futuro promissor para os dissidentes.
O TERRITÓRIO PARA AS PRÁTICAS URBANAS INSURGENTES
Authors: Balem Tiago , Reys Paulo
Published: November 2022

O artigo apresenta um debate conceitual sobre a noção de território tomando-o como princípio para elucidar os estudos sobre práticas urbanas insurgentes. Para isto, propõe-se somar a abordagem da filosofia que entende o território como fluxo criativo e expressivo à concepção ligada à geografia que o entende como espaços delimitados a partir de relações de poder e controle social. Neste artigo, procura-se sinalizar como o espaço urbano passa a ser um locus de construção de um território discursivo de conflitos. Enquanto os discursos do poder do Estado-capitalista e do mercado materializam-se nas privatizações de áreas públicas, nestes mesmos espaços as práticas urbanas insurgentes operam discursos em contraposição. Essa situação é analisada neste artigo a partir do caso da Primavera Secundarista que ocupou mais de 1000 escolas em todo o Brasil, a fim de expor como esses discursos ganham visibilidade em um espaço público.
PERSPECTIVA ACERCA DO TERRITÓRIO, USOS, APROPRIAÇÕES, GESTÃO E AMBIENTE URBANO NO CONJUNTO HABITACIONAL LINDÓIA, EM PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Gomes Barbosa Matheus , Medvedovski Nirce , Regina Garcez Mônica
Published: November 2022

O Conjunto Habitacional Lindóia, em Pelotas-RS, foi promovido pela Companhia de Habitação do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e financiado pelo Banco Nacional de Habitação, no início da década de 1980. As enormes falhas urbanas de gestão e caracterização do espaço urbano do conjunto habitacional demanda estudos relativos à sua história, promoção, produção e apropriação. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o Conjunto Habitacional Lindóia, por intermédio de seus aspectos arquitetônicos, modos de uso cotidiano, sua gestão e às inadequações urbanas, através de uma metodologia baseada na pós-ocupação. As informações coletadas revelaram problemas de gestão condominial, expansões arquitetônicas dos espaços coletivos de moradia, padronização arquitetônica em massa, bem como indefinições entre o público, privado e coletivo. De modo geral, este trabalho contribui para o entendimento da concepção, as percepções do usuário, e modo de ocupação do conjunto habitacional, na contemporaneidade, fomentando possibilidades de melhorias e requalificação.
QUALIFICAÇÃO URBANA PARTICIPATIVA CRAS SÃO GONÇALO
Authors: Dos Santos Oliveira Luciele
Published: November 2022

Este artigo traz como foco um projeto de requalificação de um recuo de ajardinamento de um prédio público. Este espaço desempenha um trabalho de assistência social, em loteamentos de baixa renda e em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Assim, o projeto tem a intenção de aproximar a comunidade e fazer com que ela se aproprie desse espaço, alcançando mais famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade social. O projeto ocorreu no prédio que abriga a sede do CRAS – São Gonçalo, localizado no loteamento Navegantes, situado na zona leste da cidade de Pelotas/RS.
(CON)CURSOS DE PROJETO
Authors: De Oliveira Grechoniak José Alberto , Costa Ana Elísia
Published: November 2022

Para além da consensual importância cultural dos concursos de projetos, problematizase aqui a dimensão democrática dos mesmos e o seu potencial como gerador de danos, ao abstrair conflitos existentes e emergentes. Desde aí, objetiva-se levantar questões referentes aos seus moldes, o que, ao desestabilizar a cultura sobre o tema, pode se justificar. Parte-se da premissa que concursos-outros implicariam em adotar procedimentos participativos e inclusivos e em buscar resultados processuais e abertos, como forma de garantir o acesso à cidadania e o consequente direito à cidade. Questionando-se como tais procedimentos podem ser inseridos nos concursos, dois estudos de casos são explorados de forma qualitativa – o Mercado Distrital do Cruzeiro (2011 – MG) e o Mercado Público de Lages (2014 – SC). Explicita-se meios e fins distintos nesses concursos e, consequentemente, contradições de uma cultura de concursos que, ao tomar o senso democrático como construção ou como premissa, revela diferentes níveis de comprometimentos estético-ético-políticos.