bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights into the mechanism of paradoxical low-flow, low-pressure gradient severe aortic stenosis: association with reduced O2 consumption by the whole body
Authors: Onoue Takeshi , Iwataki Mai , Araki Masaru , Itoh Hideaki , Isotani Akihiro , Umeda Hiromi , Fukuda Shota , Nagata Yasufumi , Tsuda Yuki , Fujino Yoshihisa , Hanyu Michiya , Ando Kenji , Shirai Shinichi , Takeuchi Masaaki , Saeki Satoru , Levine Robert A. , Otsuji Yutaka
Published: January 2019

The mechanism of reduced stroke volume index (SVi) in paradoxical low-flow, low-pressure gradient (PLFLPG) aortic stenosis (AS) remains unclarified. Guyton et al. ( 21 ) demonstrated that SVi is determined by whole body O2 consumption (V̇o2) in many subjects, including patients with heart disease. We hypothesized that reduced SVi in PLFLPG AS is associated with reduced V̇o2 by the whole body. This study investigated the relationship between V̇o2, SVi, and AS severity in patients with AS to examine the association between reduced V̇o2 and PLFLPG AS. In 59 patients (24 men and 35 women, mean age: 78 ± 7 yr old) with severe AS, SVi, AS severity, and type were evaluated by echocardiography, and V̇o2 was measured by the fraction of O2 in expired gases. SVi and V̇o2 were significantly decreased in 20 patients with PLFLPG AS compared with 39 patients with non-PLFLPG AS (30 ± 4 vs. 41 ± 7 ml/m2 and 2.4 ± 0.5 vs. 3.0 ± 0.5 ml·min−1·kg−1, respectively, P < 0.01). The SVi-to-V̇o2 ratio was not different between the two groups (13.1 ± 2.6 vs. 13.6 ± 2.1, not significant). SVi was independently correlated with V̇o2 ( r = 0.74, P < 0.01) but not with the aortic valve area index. Categorized PLFLPG AS was also significantly associated with reduced V̇o2 ( P < 0.001). PLFLPG AS is associated with reduced V̇o2 by the whole body, which may offer insights into the mechanism of PLFLPG AS.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Paradoxical low-flow, low-pressure gradient severe aortic stenosis (PLFLPG AS) is an important and problematic subtype, and its central pathophysiology with reduced stroke volume is yet to be clarified. We hypothesized and subsequently clarified that reduced stroke volume in PLFLPG AS is associated with reduced O2 consumption by the whole body. This study suggests important insights into the mechanism of PLFLPG AS and may further promote studies to investigate further mechanisms and novel treatment.
A Passive Islanding Detection Method for Neutral point clamped Multilevel Inverter based Distributed Generation using Rate of Change of Frequency Analysis
Authors: Reddy Ch. Rami , Reddy K. Harinadha
Published: January 2019

Presently renewable energies have taken a special place in the world and most of the Distributed Generations (DGs) used in the interconnected power system are utilized, renewable energy resources. Due to the DG’s advantages, including use of renewable energy such as, clean nature, does not pollute environment and having endless nature the use of these renewable resources to produce electrical energy in the world are increasing in day to day life. One problem with such Distributed generators is an unintentional islanding phenomenon. Islanding occurs when a Distributed Generation continues to energize an isolated part of a power system even after it was disconnected from the main grid, which is surrounded by unpowered lines. Since islanding can cause hazardous conditions for people and equipment which is connected to it. As per IEEE 1547 DG Interconnection standards, islanding should be quickly detected within 2 seconds, by protective relays and inverters that are part of the DG system. In this paper, a new passive method to identify islanding states has been proposed, based on the rate of change of frequency analysis (ROCOF) for a multilevel inverter based solar distributed generation systems. This method is efficient for both connecting DGs to the network with or without the Inverter. This method is more efficient than the existing methods and reducing the Non Detection Zone (NDZ), which is the disadvantage of existing passive methods and also clearly differentiating between the Islanding and Non-islanding events. The simulation results, which are carried on the MATLAB/Simulink environment shows the performance of the proposed method.
Reliability Constrained Unit Commitment Considering the Effect of DG and DR Program
Authors: Aliakbari Masoud , Maghouli Pouria , Allah Aalami Habib
Published: January 2019

Due to increase in energy prices at peak periods and increase in fuel cost, involving Distributed Generation (DG) and consumption management by Demand Response (DR) will be unavoidable options for optimal system operations. Also, with high penetration of DGs and DR programs into power system operation, the reliability criterion is taken into account as one of the most important concerns of system operators in management of power system. In this paper, a Reliability Constrained Unit Commitment (RCUC) at presence of time-based DR program and DGs integrated with conventional units is proposed and executed to reach a reliable and economic operation. Designated cost function has been minimized considering reliability constraint in prevailing UC formulation. The UC scheduling is accomplished in short-term so that the reliability is maintained in acceptable level. Because of complex nature of RCUC problem and full AC load flow constraints, the hybrid algorithm included Simulated Annealing (SA) and Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) has been proposed to optimize the problem. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and considerable efficacy of the time-based DR program in reducing operational costs by implementing it on IEEE-RTS79.
Mixed Linearity Improvement Techniques for Ultra-wideband Low Noise Amplifier
Authors: Abbas Mohammed Nadhim , Khaleel Farooq Abdulghafoor
Published: January 2019

We present the linearization of an ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (UWB-LNA) operating from 2GHz to 11GHz through combining two linearization methods. The used linearization techniques are the combination of post-distortion cancellation and derivative-superposition linearization methods. The linearized UWB-LNA shows an improved linearity (IIP3) of +12dBm, a minimum noise figure (NFmin.) of 3.6dB, input and output insertion losses (S11 and S22)  below -9dB over the entire working bandwidth, midband gain of 6dB at 5.8GHz, and overall circuit power consumption of 24mW supplied from a 1.5V voltage source. Both UWB-LNA and linearized UWB-LNA designs are verified and simulated with ADS2016.01 software using BSIM3v3 TSMC 180nm CMOS model files. In addition, the linearized UWB-LNA performance is compared with other recent state-of-the-art LNAs.
Spectral Clustering and Vantage Point Indexing for Efficient Data Retrieval
Authors: R. Pushpalatha , Sundaram K. Meenakshi
Published: January 2019

Data mining is an essential process for identifying the patterns in large datasets through machine learning techniques and database systems. Clustering of high dimensional data is becoming very challenging process due to curse of dimensionality. In addition, space complexity and data retrieval performance was not improved. In order to overcome the limitation, Spectral Clustering Based VP Tree Indexing Technique is introduced. The technique clusters and indexes the densely populated high dimensional data points for effective data retrieval based on user query. A Normalized Spectral Clustering Algorithm is used to group similar high dimensional data points. After that, Vantage Point Tree is constructed for indexing the clustered data points with minimum space complexity. At last, indexed data gets retrieved based on user query using Vantage Point Tree based Data Retrieval Algorithm.  This in turn helps to improve true positive rate with minimum retrieval time. The performance is measured in terms of space complexity, true positive rate and data retrieval time with El Nino weather data sets from UCI Machine Learning Repository. An experimental result shows that the proposed technique is able to reduce the space complexity by 33% and also reduces the data retrieval time by 24% when compared to state-of-the-art-works.
System for Prediction of Non Stationary Time Series based on the Wavelet Radial Bases Function Neural Network Model
Authors: Kusdarwati Heni , Handoyo Samingun
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes and examines the performance of a hybrid model called the wavelet radial bases function neural networks (WRBFNN). The model will be compared its performance with the wavelet feed forward neural networks (WFFN model by developing a prediction or forecasting system that considers two types of input formats: input9 and input17, and also considers 4 types of non-stationary time series data. The MODWT transform is used to generate wavelet and smooth coefficients, in which several elements of both coefficients are chosen in a particular way to serve as inputs to the NN model in both RBFNN and FFNN models. The performance of both WRBFNN and WFFNN models is evaluated by using MAPE and MSE value indicators, while the computation process of the two models is compared using two indicators, many epoch, and length of training. In stationary benchmark data, all models have a performance with very high accuracy. The WRBFNN9 model is the most superior model in nonstationary data containing linear trend elements, while the WFFNN17 model performs best on non-stationary data with the non-linear trend and seasonal elements. In terms of speed in computing, the WRBFNN model is superior with a much smaller number of epochs and much shorter training time.
Accelerated Mobile Pages from JavaScript as Accelerator Tool for Web Service on E-Commerce in the E-Business
Authors: Wibowo Agus , Aryotejo Guruh , Mufadhol Mufadhol
Published: January 2019

E-commerce is a sub-part of E-business which includes all kinds of functions and business activities by using electronic data that has the main purpose to increase corporate profits. One of the strategies used is to automate the existing tasks in E-commerce by utilizing web service facilities, which will significantly save time. The use of smartphones as a primary means of information and communication forces web service application providers to improve their services and facilities, such as websites that can be opened quickly and lightly on smartphone devices. This paper will discuss the benefits of accelerated mobile pages as a coding accelerator tool in the javaScript programming language using XML, HTML and XHTML programming as well as involving the use of SOAP, WSDL and NuSOAP that will run on both HTTP and HTTPS protocols. Using accelerated mobile pages as a means of accelerator tool on E-commerce in E-business can directly improve web service performance. This is very prominent when the site is accessed through a smartphone that has limited resources, in the form of website access will feel fast, easy and light.
Experimental Studies on the Effect of Antenna Orientations to the Performance of OFDM-based System
Authors: Muslimin J. , Asnawi A. L. , Ismail A. F. , Jusoh A. Z. , Malek N. A. , M. Ramli H. A.
Published: January 2019

Software-defined radio (SDR) is an emerging and promising high re-configurable platform for rapid prototyping inreal environment applications. It offers both flexibility and low cost to facilitate the development process of agile communication system, such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Other than modulation and transmission technique like OFDM, antenna orientations play a significant importance in wireless communication. The availabililty of SDR platform like USRP has enabled the empirical evaluation of antenna orientation to the system performance. The performance has been evaluated in terms of throughput and packet error rate. The findings show the antenna orientation affect the system performance significantly.
Permanent Fault Location in Distribution System Using Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) in Phase Domain
Authors: Khaleghi Ali , Sadegh Mahmoud oukati , Ahsaee Mahdi Ghazizadeh
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes a new method for locating high impedance fault in distribution systems using phasor measurement units (PMUs) installed at certain locations of the system. To implement this algorithm, at first a new method is suggested for the placement of PMUs. Taking information from the units, voltage and current of the entire distribution system are calculated. Then, the two buses in which the fault has been occurred is determined, and location and type of the fault are identified. The main characteristics of the proposed method are: the use of distributed parameter line model in phase domain, considering the presence of literals, and high precision in calculating the high impedance fault location. The results obtained from simulations in EMTP-RV and MATLAB software indicate high accuracy and independence of the proposed method from the fault type, fault location and fault resistance compared to previous methods, so that the maximum observed error was less than 0.15%
Reflectivity Parameter Extraction from RADAR Images Using Back Propagation Algorithm
Authors: Kumar P. Anil , Anuradha B.
Published: January 2019

Pattern recognition has been acknowledged as one of the promising research areas and it has drawn the awareness among many researchers since its existence at the beginning of the nineties. Multilayer Neural networks are used in pattern Recognition and classification based on the features derived from the input patterns. The Reflectivity information extracted from the Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) image helps in identifying the convective cloud type which has a strong relation to the precipitation rate. The reflectivity information is rooted in the DWR image with the help of colors and color bar is provided to distinguish among different reflectivity information. Artificial Neural network predicts the color based on the maximum likelihood estimation problem. This paper presents a best possible backpropagation algorithm for color identification in DWR images by comparing various backpropagation algorithms such as LevenbergMarquardt, Conjugate gradient, and Resilient back propagation etc.,. Pattern recognition using Neural networks presents better results compared to standard distance measures. It is observed that Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm yields a regression value of 99% approximately and accuracy of 98%
An Architecture for Simplified and Automated Machine Learning
Authors: Poolwan Jittapoo , Smanchat Sucha
Published: January 2019

learning has been adopted by businesses to analyze their vast data in order to make strategic decision. However, knowledge in machine learning and technical skill are usually required to prepare data and perform machine learning tasks. This obstacle prevents smaller businesses with no technical knowledge to utilize machine learning. In this paper, we propose an architecture for simplified and automated machine learning process currently supporting the data classification task. The architecture includes a method for characterizing datasets, which allows for simplifying and automating machine learning model and hyperparameter selection based on historical execution configurations. Users can simply upload their datasets via a web browser, and the system will determine the possible models and their hyperparameter configurations for the users to choose from. The prototype shows the feasibility of the proposed architecture. Although the accuracy is still limited by the small execution history and the cleanliness of the input datasets, the architecture can minimize user involvement in the machine learning process so that non-technical users can perform data classification through a web browser without installing any software.
A Triple Band Bow Tie Array Antenna Using Both-sided MIC Technology
Authors: Alvina Akimun Jannat , Sabrin Samia , Reja Mohammad Istiaque , Akhtar Jobaida
Published: January 2019

A single-fed linearly polarized 2x2 microstrip bow tie array antenna is proposed. The feed network has microstrip line and slot line where microstrip-slot branch circuit is connected in parallel. The feed network of the array is designed using both-sided MIC Technology to overcome the impedance matching problem of conventional feed networks. The 2x2 half bow tie array antenna is also truncated with spur lines for optimization of antenna performance. The array antenna unit can be realized in very simple and compact structure, as all the antenna elements and the feeding circuit is arranged on a Teflon glass fiber substrate without requiring any external network. The design frequency of the proposed antenna is 5 to 8 GHz (CBand) and the obtained peak gain is 12.41 dBi. The resultant axial ratio indicates that linear polarization is achieved. 
User Selective Encryption Method for Securing MANETs
Authors: Ahmad Amal , Ismail Shereen
Published: January 2019

Security issue is getting important day by day. At present, there are a variety of methodologies to provide protection for data confidentiality. MANETs have lots of security challenges than traditional networks like infrastructureless and self-organizing requirements. As the MANETs are dynamic networks that’s make every transmission in such networks vulnerable to many attacks and improving security level becomes a main issue. This paper introduces a user selective encryption method by operating Data Encryption Standard (DES), Triple DES (3DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange (DHKE) protocol for key management in order to improve MANET security. Through the Network Simulator-2 (NS-2), the we investigate the performance of the proposed method in terms of data transfer time and network throughput for different data sizes and different sender-to-receiver number of hops. The results show the superiority of AES over other encryption algorithms. Furthermore, the effectiveness of our proposed method is verified through comparing our results with those obtained from previous studies.
University Website Quality Ranking using Logarithmic Fuzzy Preference Programming
Authors: Wardoyo Retantyo , Wahyuningrum Tenia
Published: January 2019

The current tight competition in developing University websites forces developers to create better products that meet users needs and convinient. There are at least two factors representing university websites; accessibility and usability. We test three criteria of accessibility and usability that are called stickiness, backlink, and web page loading time. Usability and accessibility are closely related to subjective user judgments. Human judgment cannot be valid. Thus the use of fuzzy numbers are expected to provide solutions in calculating the results. In this research, the question of usability is a multi criteria decision-making problem that is caused by its complex structure. We use the Logarithmic Fuzzy Preference Programming (LFPP) method, which is a refinement of the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process method, to solve this problem. This research aims to re- assess the rank of five Indonesian university websites. Based on LFPP method, we obtain that the equation of model gets high consistency of the set priority matching to fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix of three selection criteria. The calculation results show that stickiness is the most significant factor that affects the quality of the websites.
Comparison of AES and DES Algorithms Implemented on Virtex-6 FPGA and Microblaze Soft Core Processor
Authors: Renuka G. , Shree V. Usha , Reddy P. Chandra Sekhar
Published: January 2019

Encryption algorithms play a dominant role in preventing unauthorized access to important data. This paper focus on the implementations of Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithms on Microblaze soft core Processor and also their implementations on XC6VLX240t FPGA using Verilog Hardware Description language. This paper also gives a comparison of the issues related to the hardware and software implementations of the two cryptographic algorithms.
Fuel Station Monitoring and Automation based on WSN
Authors: Hussein Ehab AbdulRazzaq , Waheed Mahran Obaid
Published: January 2019

The Iraqi fuel station still now uses old technologies to control its activities from filling tanks to the filling cars. Automate the activity of fuel station is the objective of this work. The aims of fuel station automation are to save the fuel quantities and qualities supplied in fuel station, and to keep the fuel station, the worker and its main parts safe. This work uses the national instrument wireless sensor network (NI WSN). The NI WSN used to automate the protection system and level controlling system which makes the fuel station work under normal ambient temperature, and normal protection conditions. Automation based on a wireless sensor network gives excellent capabilities to automate and monitor fuel station. Through the user interface window the user monitor the status of actuators, protection system controller messages, fuel levels, water level, environment temperature, power source and its quality. The soft controller developed was built within The LABVIEW environment. The results of controller give the desired action through "on" and “off” states of the actuators.
Center of Pressure Feedback for Controlling the Walking Stability Bipedal Robots using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Mayub Afrizal , Fahmizal Fahmizal
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a sensor-based stability walk for bipedal robots by using force sensitive resistor (FSR) sensor. To perform walk stability on uneven terrain conditions, FSR sensor is used as feedbacks to evaluate the stability of bipedal robot instead of the center of pressure (CoP). In this work, CoP that was generated from four FSR sensors placed on each foot-pad is used to evaluate the walking stability. The robot CoP position provided an indication of walk stability. The CoP position information was further evaluated with a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to generate appropriate offset angles to be applied to meet a stable situation. Moreover, in this paper designed a FLC through CoP region's stability and stable compliance control are introduced. Finally, the performances of the proposed methods were verified with 18-degrees of freedom (DOF) kid-size bipedal robot.
A Novel Configuration of A Microstrip Power Amplifier based on GaAs-FET for ISM Applications
Authors: Rachakh Amine , Abdellaoui Larbi El , Zbitou Jamal , Errkik Ahmed , Tajmouati Abdelali , Latrach Mohamed
Published: January 2019

Power Amplifiers (PA) are very indispensable components in the design of numerous types of communication transmitters employed in microwave technology. The methodology is exemplified through the design of a 2.45GHz microwave power Amplifier (PA) for the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) applications using microstrip technology. The main design target is to get a maximum power gain while simultaneously achieving a maximum output power through presenting the optimum impedance which is characteristically carried out per adding a matching circuit between the source and the input of the power amplifier and between the load and the output of the power amplifier. A "T" matching technique is used at the input and the output sides of transistor for assure in band desired that this circuit without reflections and to obtain a maximum power gain. The proposed power amplifier for microwave ISM applications is designed, simulated and optimized by employing Advanced Design System (ADS) software by Agilent. The PA shows good performances in terms of return loss, output power, power gain and stability; the circuit has an input return loss of -38dB and an output return loss of -33.5dB. The 1-dB compression point is 8.69dBm and power gain of the PA is 19.4dBm. The Rollet's Stability measure B1 and the stability factor K of the amplifier is greater than 0 and 1 respectively, which shows that the circuit is unconditionally stable. The total chip size of the PA is 73.5× 36 mm2.
Enhanced RSA Cryptosystem based on Multiplicity of Public and Private Keys
Authors: Mezher Ahmed Eskander
Published: January 2019

Security is one of the most important concern to the information and data sharing for companies, banks, organizations and government facilities. RSA is a public cryptographic algorithm that is designed specifically for authentication and data encryption. One of the most powerful reasons makes RSA more secure is that the avoidance of key exchange in the encryption and decryption processes. Standard RSA algorithm depends on the key length only to protect systems. However, RSA key is broken from time to another due to the development of computers hardware such as high speed processors and advanced technology. RSA developers have increased a key length or size of a key periodically to maintain a high security and privacy to systems that are protected by the RSA. In this paper, a method has been designed and implemented to strengthen the RSA algorithm by using multiple public and private keys. Therefore, in this method the security of RSA not only depends on the key size, but also relies on the multiplicity of public and private keys.
Grid Connected Distributed Generation System with High Voltage Gain Cascaded DC-DC Converter Fed Asymmetric Multilevel Inverter Topology
Authors: Rao S. Nagaraja , Kumar D. V. Ashok , Babu Ch. Sai
Published: January 2019

The paper presents distributed generation (DG) system in grid connected mode of operation with asymmetric multi-level inverter (AMLI) topology. Cascaded type DC-DC converter is employed to feed proposed AMLI topology. The DG output voltage (generally low voltage) is stepped up to the required level of voltage using high-gain DC-DC converter. Proposed AMLI topology consists of capacitors at the primary side. The output of high-gain DC-DC converter is fed to split voltage balance single-input multi-output (SIMO) circuit to maintain voltage balance across capacitors of AMLI topology. Cascaded DC-DC converters (both high-gain converter and SIMO circuit) are operated in closed-loop mode. The proposed AMLI feeds active power to grid converting DC type of power generated from DG to AC type to feed the grid. PWM pattern to trigger power switches of AMLI is also presented. The inverting circuit of MLI topology is controlled using simplified Id-Iq control strategy in this paper. With the proposed control theory, the active power fed to grid from DG is controlled and power factor is maintained at unity. The proposed system of DG integration to grid through cascaded DC-DC converters and AMLI structure is validated from fixed active power to grid from DG condition. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
Reconfigurable High Performance Secured NoC Design Using Hierarchical Agent-based Monitoring System
Authors: S Kendaganna Swamy , Jatti Anand , V Uma B.
Published: January 2019

With the rapid increase in demand for high performance computing, there is also a significant growth of data communication that leads to leverage the significance of network on chip. This paper proposes a reconfigurable fault tolerant on chip architecture with hierarchical agent based monitoring system for enhancing the performance of network based multiprocessor system on chip against faulty links and nodes. These distributed agents provide healthy status and congestion information of the network. This status information is used for further packet routing in the network with the help of XY routing algorithm. The functionality of Agent is enhanced not only to work as information provider but also to take decision for packet to either pass or stop to the processing element by setting the firewall in order to provide security. Proposed design provides a better performance and area optimization by avoiding deadlock and live lock as compared to existing approaches over network design.
An Analytical Approach for Design of Microstrip Patch (MsP)
Authors: Kavitha R. J. , Aravind H. S.
Published: January 2019

A reliable configuration of electromagnetic interactions for antenna design can yield an effective Microstrip patch (MsP) antenna. During its design, the antenna arrays involve issues with parameters (i.e., space, dimension, shape) adjustment. This problem can be tackled with an analytical approach which can help to bring better idea to design the antenna aaray. However, the realistic designs of antenna array are quite expensive while extracting computational accuracy. Thus, to have low cost computational accuracy various meta-heuristic (generic algorithm, partical swarm optimizarion) approaches are used and are considered as effective one in handling the pattern synthesis problems. Howeever, the use of meta-heuristic approaches demands thousands of functions to analyze the antenna design. This manuscript introduces an analytical approach for MsP antenna desing using MATLAB that brings optimization in handling the side lobes and optimizing the reflection as well as radiation responses. The outcomes of the design were analyzed with respect to reflection, radiation coefficients, side lobes and found effective at 10GHz as per computational cost is concern.
Analysis Model in the Cloud Optimization Consumption in Pricing the Internet Bandwidt
Authors: Indrawati Indrawati , Puspita Fitri Maya , Erlita Sri , Nadeak Inosensius
Published: January 2019

The problem of internet pricing is a problem that is often a major problem in optimization. In this study, the internet pricing scheme focuses on optimizing the use of bandwidth consumption. This research utilizes modification of cloud model in finding optimal solution in network. Cloud computing is computational model which is like network, server, storage and service that is utilizing internet connection. As ISP's Internet service provider requires appropriate pricing schemes in order to maximize revenue and provide quality of service (Quality on Service) or QoS so as to satisfy internet users or users. The model used will be completed with the help of LINGO software program to get optimal solution and accurate result. Based on the optimal solution obtained from the modification of the cloud model can be utilized ISP to maximize revenue and provide services in accordance with needs and requests.
Novel Bacteria Foraging Optimization for Energy-efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: P Hemavathi , N. Nandakumar A.
Published: January 2019

Optimization techniques based on Swarm-intelligence has been reported to have significant benefits towards addressing communication issues in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). We reviewed the most dominant swarm intelligence technique called as Bacteria Foraging Optimization (BFO) to find that there are very less significant model towards addressing the problems in WSN. Therefore, the proposed paper introduced a novel BFO algorithm which maintains a very good balance between the computational and communication demands of a sensor node unlike the conventional BFO algorithms. The significant contribution of the proposed study is to minimize the iterative steps and inclusion of minimization of both receiving / transmittance power in entire data aggregation process. The study outcome when compared with standard energy-efficient algorithm was found to offer superior network lifetime in terms of higher residual energy as well as data transmission performance.
Simple Three-Input Single-Output Current-Mode Universal Filter Using Single VDCC
Authors: Uttaphut Prungsak
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a second-order current-mode filter with three-inputs and single-output current using single voltage differencing current conveyors (VDCC) along with one resistor and two grounded capacitors. The design of presented filter emphasizes on the use of a single active element without the multiple terminals VDCC which is convenient to implement the VDCC using commercially available IC for the practical test. Also, it can reduce the current tracking error at current output port and can reduce the number of transistor in the VDCC. The proposed filter can realize all the five generic filter responses, namely, band-pass (BP), band-reject (BR), low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), and all-pass (AP) functions from the same configuration under various conditions in terms of three input current signals. Furthermore, the natural frequency and quality factor are electronically controlled. The output current node exhibits high impedance. Besides, the non-ideal case is also investigated. The simulation and experimental results using VDCC constructed from commercially available IC can validate the theoretical analyses.
Real-Time Heart Pulse Monitoring Technique Using Wireless Sensor Network and Mobile Application
Authors: Ali Nabeel Salih , Alyasseri Zaid Abdi Alkaream , Abdulmohson Abdulhussein
Published: January 2019

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for healthcare have emerged in the recent years. Wireless technology has been developed and used widely for different medical fields. This technology provides healthcare services for patients, especially who suffer from chronic diseases. Services such as catering continuous medical monitoring and get rid of disturbance caused by the sensor of instruments. Sensors are connected to a patient by wires and become bed-bound that less from the mobility of the patient. In this paper, proposed a real-time heart pulse monitoring system via conducted an electronic circuit architecture to measure Heart Pulse (HP) for patients and display heart pulse measuring via smartphone and computer over the network in real-time settings. In HP measuring application standpoint, using sensor technology to observe heart pulse by bringing the fingerprint to the sensor via used Arduino microcontroller with Ethernet shield to connect heart pulse circuit to the internet and send results to the web server and receive it anywhere. The proposed system provided the usability by the user (user-friendly) not only by the specialist. Also, it offered speed andresults accuracy, the highest availability with the user on an ongoing basis, and few cost.
New technique combining the Tone Reservation method with Clipping technique to reduce the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio
Authors: Abdelali Hajar
Published: January 2019

Nonlinear distortions and impairments appear in multicarrier signal with high fluctuations when amplified by a Radio Frequency Power Amplifier (RF PA). Clipping (CL) technique offers a simple way to reduce these fluctuations in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Technique, but may degrade seriously the transmission quality. This is why the new mobile standards propose other methods, like the Tone Reservation (TR) technique in the Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T), that reduce the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) without reaching optimal performances. This paper deals with how we can use the TR technique, which exploits null sub-carriers for generating corrective signal, in combining to CL technique in order to improve PAPR reduction without data loss. Also, we show some comparison results on the PAPR reduction obtained with proposed scheme and other techniques. Experiments using a simulated example on a complete WiMax 802.16e transmitter have been made in order to investigate the PAPR reduction performances on presence of the non-linear Power Amplifier model based on gain compression response and phase distortion.
A Miniature BroadBand Microstrip Antenna for LTE, Wi-Fi and WiMAX Applications
Authors: Er-reguig Zakaria , Ammor Hassan
Published: January 2019

A Compact microstrip antenna with rectangular slotted radiating element has been developed. Four slots have been introduced on the radiating element with the use of a partial ground plane and a wideband response has been obtained. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 1.7 GHz with a percentage bandwidth of 71%. A low-cost dielectric (FR4_EPOXY) has been considered in the development of the proposed antenna. The obtained frequency band is from 1.9 GHz to 3.6 GHz. To investigate the robustness of our modelled antenna the simulation process has been carried out using two different solvers (Finite Element Method and Finite Integration Technique). In addition, the designed antenna was realized and these results were compared with those of the simulation. The proposed antenna is suitable for many LTE bands {1, 3, 7… 38, 40} broadly deployed in European, South American, Asian, and African countries, Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), and WiMAX technology (3.5 GHz).
Test Case Optimization and Redundancy Reduction Using GA and Neural Networks
Authors: Hooda Itti , Chhillar R.S.
Published: January 2019

More than 50% of software development effort is spent in testing phase in a typical software development project. Test case design as well as execution consume a lot of time. Hence, automated generation of test cases is highly required. Here a novel testing methodology is being presented to test object-oriented software based on UML state chart diagrams. In this approach, function minimization technique is being applied and generate test cases automatically from UML state chart diagrams. Software testing forms an integral part of the software development life cycle. Since the objective of testing is to ensure the conformity of an application to its specification, a test “oracle” is needed to determine whether a given test case exposes a fault or not. An automated oracle to support the activities of human testers can reduce the actual cost of the testing process and the related maintenance costs. In this paper, a new concept is being presented using an UML state chart diagram and tables for the test case generation, artificial neural network as an optimization tool for reducing the redundancy in the test case generated using the genetic algorithm. A neural network is trained by the back-propagation algorithm on a set of test cases applied to the original version of the system.
Differences in the impact of harmonic distortion due to the installation of electronic load controller in self-excited induction generator and synchronous generator
Authors: Nazir Refdinal , Syafii Syafii , Pawawoi Andi , Akbar Fadjril , Doriza Axel
Published: January 2019

In general, the application of Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) or Synchronous Generator (SG) on the Stand-Alone Micro Hydel Power Plant (MHPP) is equipped with Electronic Load Controller (ELC) to control generator output during variations in consumer load. One type of ELC that is cheap and rigid developed today is the ELC, which is constructed by the uncontrolled bridge rectifier with DC Chopper. Based on the operational concept, basically this type of ELC can be implemented on both SEIG and SG, but both of these generators will have a different harmonic distortion effect on the output and its load. This paper examines the differences in the effects of harmonic distortions due to ELC installation on SEIG and SG. The initial stage of this study was to design the ELC developed. Then, the harmonic distortion response due to the installation of ELC on SEIG and SG is tested, which includes harmonic distortion in: stator current, PCC voltage, and consumer load current. THDI (Current Total Harmonic Distortion) stator current at SEIG with ELC has shown an average value smaller than the THD stator current in SG with ELC. Likewise, the THDV (Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion) value of PCC voltage and THDI value of the current consumer load on SEIG equipped with ELC has been shown to be smaller than the THDV value of PCC voltage and THDI value of the current consumer load on SG equipped with ELC. The effects of harmonic distortions due to the installation of ELCs that developed in this study on SEIG is still within the permitted limits, while on the SG, the harmonic distortion reduction is needed at the generator output.
Speed control of universal motor
Authors: Imran Omar A. , Abed Wisam Najm al-din , Jbarah Ali N.
Published: January 2019

Universal Motors (UM) are normally used for driving portable apparatus such as hand tool machines, vacuum cleaners and most domestic apparatus.  The importance of UM is due to its own advantages such as high starting torque, very powerful in relation to its small size, having a variable speed; and lower cost. So, this paper focus on UM speed control under variable loading conditions. A mathematical model for UM is designed. Two controllers are proposed for controlling the motor speed, output rate controller and output reset controller. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is proposed for tuning the controller’s parameters due to its impact on solving different optimization problems. It possesses fast convergence, minimum algorithm parameters required, lower consecution time and give optimal results without needing large number of iterations. The results are compared and discussed accurately, which show the proposed tuning technique work well and give optimal results for both controllers.
Energy conservation project funding in commercial building: an expenditure or investment?
Authors: Ali Shaikh Shamser , Tyagi Ruchi , Chauhan Ragini
Published: January 2019

Energy conservation is an unnecessary expenditure and considered as a less important operational activity in many third world countries, particularly in India. The review of literature on the energy conservation project funding identifies that unclear management vision and policy for energy conservation is one of the reason for its back seat. Energy Conservation is supposed to be a top-down approach, in reality, a procurement manager is obliged to buy based on L1 policy (Lowest quoted price). Most of the Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) are not available at lowest quoted price. Therefore, Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) turn out to be a document formality rather than practice.  The paper highlights the need for a paradigm shift on Energy conservation project from an expenditure to an investment. The Energy Conservation Project is an investment that will continue to give a return as long as the equipment is in operation or the facility is functional. This calls for amendments in Energy Policies and Project Guidelines for swift that there are no conflicts between the departments for implementing the energy conservation projects. 
Steady State Analysis of Non-Isolated Single-Input Multi-Output SEPIC Converter for Stand-alone Applications
Authors: Anuradha C. , Chellammal N. , Vijayalakshmi S. , Ilambirai R. C.
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes a non-isolated three port SEPIC converter for stand-alone photovoltaic applications. The proposed topology uses the Single Input Multi Output (SIMO) structure. This topology consists of a single photovoltaic source as input and it is a unidirectional power converter. Mathematical analysis for the proposed system is performed and simulations are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink. The design parameters of capacitors and inductors are calculated from small ripple analysis. The simulation analysis for the proposed open loop topology is verified using a real time hardware setup.The entire process is carried out in Continuous Current Mode (CCM) of operation. The experimental results for hardware are verified with simulations and compared.
Appropriate Switching State Selection to Avoid Sapacitor Imbalance in Five-Level NPC
Authors: Narasimha Raju Kuthuri , Obbu Chandra Sekhar , M Ramamoorthy
Published: January 2019

An intrinsic problem with neutral point clamped (NPC) multilevel inverters (MLI) is unbalance of capacitor voltage. There are many mitigation techniques well established in the literature to balance the neutral point voltage for 3-level inverter. These techniques employ either Carrier based pulse width modulation (CBPWM), Space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) or hybrid of both the PWM techniques. Balancing becomes complicated as the level of the inverter increases due to addition of capacitor junctions. The imbalance in capacitor voltages may cause uneven voltage distribution among switching devices and sometimes may cause failure. It also increases harmonic content in its output waveform. This paper develops new modulation scheme for balancing capacitor voltages for Five-level inverter .The scheme is a hybrid PWM which is a combination of both CBPWM and SVPWM techniques. As per this scheme CBPWM is applied to meet the load demand and at the zero crossings of the reference signal, CBPWM is blocked and for one carrier cycle. During this SVPWM is applied with   appropriate switching state selection to neutralize the imbalance in capacitor voltage.
Very-Short Term Wind Power Forecasting through Wavelet Based ANFIS
Authors: Jyothi M. Nandana , Ramana Rao P.V.
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes a Wavelet based Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (WANFIS) applied to forecast the wind power and enhance the accuracy of one step ahead with a 10 minutes resolution of real time data collected from a wind farm in North India. The proposed method consists two cases. In the first case all the inputs of wind series and output of wind power decomposition coefficients are carried out to predict the wind power. In the second case all the inputs of wind series decomposition coefficients are carried out to get wind power prediction. The performance of proposed WANFIS is compared to Wavelet Neural Network (WNN) and the results of the proposed model are shown superior to compared methods.
His-Optimized Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy to Maximize Electrical Resynchronization
Authors: Vijayaraman Pugazhendhi , Herweg Bengt , Ellenbogen Kenneth A. , Gajek Jacek
Published: January 2019

Background:

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established therapy for patients with cardiomyopathy, left bundle branch block, and heart failure. His bundle pacing (HBP) may also improve clinical outcomes by narrowing QRS duration. The QRS narrowing by HBP may not always be optimal. The aim of the study was to determine if CRT could be optimized by sequential HBP followed by left ventricular (LV) pacing (His-Optimized CRT [HOT-CRT]) to maximize electrical resynchronization.

Methods:

We attempted permanent HBP in 27 patients (left bundle branch block 17, intraventricular conduction defect 5, and right ventricular pacing 5) referred for CRT in addition to LV lead. HBP was followed by LV pacing at a delay equal to His-ventricular interval. QRS duration at baseline, during HBP, biventricular pacing, and HOT-CRT was measured. Echocardiographic parameters and New York Heart Association functional class were assessed at baseline and during follow-up.

Results:

HOT-CRT was successful in 25 of 27 patients (age 72±15 years, men 23, ischemic 21). QRS duration at baseline was 183±27 ms and significantly narrowed to 162±17 ms with biventricular pacing (
P
=0.003), to 151±24 ms during HBP (
P
<0.0001), and further to 120±16 ms during HOT-CRT (
P
<0.0001). During a mean follow-up of 14±10 months, LV ejection fraction improved from 24±7% to 38±10% (
P
<0.0001), and New York Heart Association functional class changed from 3.3 to 2.04. Twenty-one of 25 patients (84%) were clinical responders while 23 of 25 (92%) showed echocardiographic response.

Conclusions:

In this feasibility cohort, HOT-CRT resulted in improved electrical resynchronization. HOT-CRT may improve clinical and echocardiographic outcomes in advanced heart failure patients requiring CRT.
Therianthropy: Wellbeing, Schizotypy, and Autism in Individuals Who Self-Identify as Non-Human
Authors: Clegg Helen , Collings Roz , Roxburgh Elizabeth C.
Published: January 2019

Therianthropy is the belief that one is at least part non-human animal. This study aimed to address the dichotomization surrounding therianthropy in relation to mental health and wellbeing. One hundred and twelve therians and 265 non-therians completed Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Wellbeing, the O-LIFE questionnaire, and the Autism Spectrum Quotient. The results showed that therians scored lower on variables that are associated with positive social relationships. Such findings may be explained by cognitive factors and/or social factors that are associated with the stigmatization of cross-species identities. However, being a therian moderated the relationship between both autism and introverted anhedonia in relation to autonomy. Thus, a therian identity may act as a protective factor for those experiencing higher levels of autism and schizotypy.