bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kegagalan Hardware di Sekolah SD Santo Lukas 1
Authors: Tannady Hendy , Jackson Jackson , Benhard Cornelius , Fianty Angel Borgenis , David David , Andry Johanes Fernandes
Published: August 2023

Saat ini, komputer telah menjadi bagian yang tidak asing lagi dalam media pembelajaran di semua jenjang pendidikan. Meski begitu, masih sering terjadi bahwa sekolah tidak menyadari potensi kualitas pembelajaran yang diberikan kepada siswa/siswi dipengaruhi oleh fasilitas dan media pembelajaran yang diperoleh. Seperti halnya di SD St. Lukas 1, SOP yang dievaluasi menunjukkan bahwa masih kurangnya keamanan dalam hal keamanan dan perangkat keras yang digunakan untuk waktu yang cukup lama dan kurangnya perawatan. Selain itu, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan perangkat keras yang dibutuhkan dalam lab komputer sekolah dasar, serta mengevaluasi kinerja perangkat keras yang telah digunakan. Penelitian  ini  dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif,  dan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan referensi bagi sekolah untuk mengembangkan lebih banyak laboratorium komputer sekolah dasar yang baik dan efektif. Diketahui bahwa perangkat keras yang paling sering digunakan adalah komputer, mouse, keyboard, wi-fi dan proyektor. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan masih terdapat perawatan yang kurang dari segi hardware yang dipakai dan juga masih kurangnya tenaga security dalam segi keamanan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini  diharapkan dapat menjadi saran untuk sekolah agar memperbaiki atau mengganti perangkat keras yang sudah tidak berfungsi  dengan baik, dan dapat meningkatkan penggunaan teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga dapat memberikan peningkatan  kualitas pendidikan di sekolah dasar.
Aplikasi Voting Naskah Dan Pre-Order Buku Berbasis Web Menggunakan Framework Laravel (Studi Kasus: Penerbit Loveable)
Authors: Welhelmina Sophia Tiroya , Thenata Angelina Pramana , Hakim Bhustomy
Published: August 2023

Pengguna teknologi internet yang semakin bertumbuh seiring berjalannya waktu, membuat banyak proses bisnis yang melibatkan internet sebagai media promosi, pemasaran maupun penjualan secara online. Berbagai cara dilakukan para pelaku bisnis agar produknya dapat dikenal banyak orang, memperluas jangkauan pemasarannya hingga memperoleh keuntungan melalui internet. Salah satu contohnya adalah dengan menggunakan metode pre-order di mana pembeli dapat memesan produknya terlebih dahulu sekaligus mendapatkan produk dengan edisi terbatas selama masa pre-orderberlangsung.Cara tersebut merupakan cara yang digunakan Penerbit Loveable untuk menarik minat calon pembeli dengan menggunakan sarana marketplaceonline. Namun, Penerbit Loveable masih memiliki kendala seperti terbatasnya dalam mempromosikan dan menjual produknya terutama produk pre-order di marketplace sehingga memerlukan sarana baru untuk menjual produknya sekaligus dapat mempromosikan produknya tanpa terhalang kendala oleh pihak ketiga. Salah satu strategi promosi yang akan dikembangkan adalah mempromosikan buku yang akan segera terbit sekaligus mengatur urutan waktu penerbitan dan pre-ordermelalui fitur ‘voting naskah’ yang tersedia di aplikasi berbasis Penerbit Loveable. Maka pembangunan aplikasi voting naskah dan pre-order buku berbasis websitesite ini merupakan langkah yang tepat untuk mengembangkan proses pengumpulan naskah, promosi dan penjualan dari buku-buku pre-orderterbitan Penerbit Loveable.Tujuan dari pembuatan aplikasi adalah untuk membantu Penerbit Loveable dalam mengembangkan proses bisnisnya menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah Agile SCRUM yang merupakan salah satu metode yang cukup fleksibel terhadap perubahan. Selain itu, pemrograman yang digunakan besifat OOP (Object Oriented Programmiing), menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, framework Laravel dan basis data MySQL.
Open TEM cell for electromagnetic compatibility testing of small‑scale radioelectronic devices
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 634050, Russia, Tomsk, Lenina str., 40, Popov P.A. , Khramtsov M.V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 634050, Russia, Tomsk, Lenina str., 40
Published: August 2023

This paper presents the design and fabrication of an open TEM cell. It allows you to measure the radiated emission and immunity of radioelectronic devices. The size of the EUT should not exceed 184×162×30 mm. Performed analytical and quasi-static analysis of the regular part of the TEM cell. In the frequency range up to 1.4 GHz the reflection coefficient |S11| of the regular part does not exceed minus 45 dB. The electrodynamic model of the TEM cell is developed and the geometric parameters are optimized using a genetic algorithm. Analysis of the electrodynamic model showed that in the frequency range up to 920 MHz the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) does not exceed 1.3. The inequality of the electric field in the area of EUT placement is not more than 6 dB in the frequency range up to 875 MHz. The validity of the obtained results is checked using the numerical methods of finite elements and the transmission line matrix. A solid-state model of the TEM cell is developed to evaluate the effect of the design features of the assembly. The frequency dependences of |S11| of the solid‑state model do not exceed minus 17.69 dB in the frequency range up to 916 MHz. The TEM cell is fabricated by laser cutting and bending aluminum sheet metal. Using a vector circuit analyzer Micran R4M-18 measured S‑parameters of the fabricated TEM cell. The transmission coefficient |S21| of the fabricated TEM cell in the frequency range up to 936 MHz does not exceed minus 2.2 dB. The reflection coefficient |S11| does not exceed minus 17.69 dB. The results of radiated emission measurements of the Altera Cyclone IV FPGA debug board in the frequency range up to 1 GHz with a fabricated TEM cell is presented.
Оценка фармакологической активности полисахаридов Aesculus hippocastanum L.
Authors: Филатова Альбина Васильевна , Азимова Луиза Бахтияровна , Махмудов Л. У.
Published: August 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию биологической активности полисахаридов водной и щелочной фракции, выделенных из оболочек семян каштана конского обыкновенного (Aesculus hippocastanum L.). Установлено, что изучаемые полисахариды относятся к V классу практически нетоксичных веществ, LD50 составила более 2000 мг/кг. Результаты исследования гепатопротекторной активности показали, что при внутрижелудочном введении животным полисахаридов в дозе 25 мг/кг суммарный коэффициент гепатопротекторной активности, по показателям выживаемости, продолжительности жизни, коэффициента веса печени и массы тела мышей, составил 0,931. Установлено, что высокой гепатопротекторной активностью обладали полисахариды водной фракции в дозе 25 мг/кг, средний уровень гепатопротекторной активности выявили у полисахаридов щелочной фракции в той же дозе. В то время как активность ферментов печени (аланинаминотрансферазы (АЛТ), аспартатаминотрансферазы (АСТ) и щелочной фосфатазы (ЩФ)) в контрольной группе животных достоверно увеличивалась по сравнению с данными интактных животных в 1,5 и 2,0 раза, в опытных группах эти показатели приближались к норме, т.е. испытуемые средства достоверно снижали активность маркеров цитолитического синдрома (АЛТ, АСТ) и холестаза (ЩФ).
Получение и свойства коллагенолитической протеиназы Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Никитина Зоя Кимовна , Насибов Элвин Мубариз оглы
Published: August 2023

Коллагенолитические протеазы (коллагеназы) могут использоваться в самых разных областях жизнедеятельности человека: обработка кожи, производство стиральных порошков, приготовление пищевых продуктов и напитков, а также фармацевтика и медицина. Целью настоящего исследования являлась разработка методов получения и характеристика коллагенолитической протеиназы мицелиального гриба Aspergillus fumigatus. Разработан способ получения внеклеточной коллагенолитической протеиназы A. fumigatus с использованием двухстадийной хроматографической очистки. Анализ физико-химических и биохимических свойств фермента подтвердил, что синтезирована протеиназа серинового типа с молекулярной массой 40 кДа и максимальной активностью при 40 °C и рН 7,5. Полученные данные позволяют рассматривать протеиназу A. fumigatus в качестве основы для получения новых лекарственных средств с коллагенолитическим эффектом.
Создание модели комплексной наносистемы доставки, содержащей ингибитор тирозинкиназ и фотосенсибилизатор
Authors: Санарова Екатерина Викторовна , Ланцова Анна Владимировна , Николаева Людмила Леонидовна , Оборотова Наталия Александровна , Литвиненко Яна Евгеньевна , Соловьева Наталья Леонидовна
Published: August 2023

Целью настоящей работы являлось получение комплексных систем доставки для известного гидрофобного ингибитора тирозинкиназ — Гефитиниба и фотосенсибилизатора — алюминия фталоцианина. В процессе работы были получены две системы: первая — на основе соевого фосфатидилхолина и ПАВ и вторая — на основе яичного фосфатидилхолина, холестерина и ПЭГилированного фосфолипида. Обе системы оценили по показателям: размер частиц, ζ-потенциал, pH, содержание активных веществ после получения, фильтрации, лиофилизации. Выбранные оптимальные составы были лиофилизированы и переданы на дальнейшие биофармацевтические исследования.
Разработка и валидация методики количественного определения порфиринов и их предшественников методом ВЭЖХ с ультрафиолетовой детекцией в плазме крови человека
Authors: Кильдюшкин Д. А. , Литвин Е. А. , Суханова А. М. , Корочкина Т. В. , Гегечкори Владимир Ираклиевич , Петухов А. Е.
Published: August 2023

Порфириногенные лекарственные средства могут вызывать изменения обмена гема и приводить к увеличению уровня порфиринов в биологических жидкостях и обострять течение порфирий. Места накопления порфиринов и их предшественников определяют течение и картину порфирий: печень (печёночные типы) и костный мозг (эритропоэтические типы). Биомаркеры порфирий обнаруживаются в моче, кале и плазме крови. Была проведена валидация методики обращённо-фазовой ВЭЖХ с УФ-детекцией. Качественная и количественная оценка состава предшественников гема (9 маркеров + внутренний стандарт) в плазме крови была проведена на системе Waters Acquity UPLC H-CLASS с диодно-матричным детектором.
Синтез и кардиотропная активность N,N’-диарилпропан-1,3-диаминов
Authors: Мокров Григорий Владимирович , Воробьева Татьяна Юрьевна , Бирюкова Валентина Евгеньевна , Барчукова Елена Игоревна , Барчуков Владимир Валерьевич , Цорин Иосиф Борисович , Вититнова Марина Борисовна , Ребеко Алексей Геннадьевич , Крыжановский Сергей Александрович
Published: August 2023

В работе получены новые соединения группы бис-(2,3,4-триметоксибензил)пропанди-аминов, изучена их антиишемическая и антиаритмическая активность. Установлено, что введение гидроксильной группы в центральную часть пропанового линкера практически не изменяет спектр кардиотропных свойств незамещенного соединения АЛМ-851, в то время как введение двух метильных групп приводит к полному исчезновению как антиаритмической, так и антиишемической активности. Соединение АЛМ-850 (дигидрохлорид 1,3-бис((2,3,4-три-метоксибензил)амино)пропан-2-ола) в дозе 3 мг/кг значимо препятствовало развитию нарушений ритма и гибели животных на моделях аконитиновой и хлоридкальциевой аритмий, а также снижало депрессию сегмента ST в модели изопротереноловой ишемии.
Влияние бензанелированных аналогов пиримидина на фагоцитарную активность нейтрофилов
Authors: Габитова Нармина М. , Цибизова А. А. , Озеров А. А. , Башкина О. А. , Самотруева М. А.
Published: August 2023

В рамках поиска новых антибактериальных препаратов проанализированы иммунотропные свойства производных хиназолин-4-она. Результаты проведенных экспериментов свидетельствуют о наличии иммунокорригирующей активности изучаемых соединений, что проявлялось коррекцией показателей белой крови и фагоцитарной активности нейтрофилов в условиях генерализованной стафилококковой инфекции. (N-(4-Метоксифенил)-2-[4-оксо-3(4H)-хиназолинил]ацетамид и 3-[2-оксо-2-(4-фенилпиперазин-1-ил)этил]хиназолин-4(3H)-он) при внутрибрюшинном введении 1 раз в сутки в течение 10 дней в дозе 500 мг/кг в условиях генерализованной стафилококковой инфекции у мышей вызывают увеличение фагоцитарного индекса в 1,4 и 1,7 раза (p < 0,05) и фагоцитарного числа в 1,5 и 1,3 раза (p < 0,01), по сравнению с группой животных, не получавших фармакологическую поддержку. Эти вещества нормализуют показатели белой крови, путем снижения общего количества лейкоцитов в среднем в 1,5 раза (p < 0,05), палочкоядерных нейтрофилов — в 1,8 и 1,4 раза (p < 0,01), лимфоцитов — в среднем в 1,5 раза (p < 0,01), а также увеличения сегментоядерных нейтрофилов в 1,7 и 1,3 раза (p < 0,01). Полученные результаты являются причиной проведения детальных исследований влияния производных хиназолин-4(3Н)-она на клеточное, гуморальное и макрофагально-фагоцитарное звенья иммунитета.
Diyetle İndüklenen Obez Sıçanlarda Ginkgo Biloba Ekstresinin Lipit Profili ve Leptin Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: ÜNAL Zeynep Nil , DEĞİRMENCİ Ulaş , YILDIRIM Metin
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Obezite, vücutta aşırı yağ birikmesi olarak tanımlanır. Adiposit kaynaklı bir hormon olan leptin, enerji homeostazında önemli bir rol oynar. Ginkgo biloba ekstraktının (GBE) obez sıçanlarda lipid profili ve leptin seviyeleri üzerindeki olası etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladık.

Yöntem: Çalışma 4 gruptan oluştu. Normal diyetle beslenen sıçanlar kontrol grubunu (Grup 1) oluşturdu. Diğerleri diyet ve GBE tedavisine göre üç gruba ayrıldı. 10 haftalık yüksek yağlı diyet tüketiminden sonra, gruplar kontrole göre %20 daha ağır hale geldi. Daha sonra diyete bağlı obez sıçanlar (Grup 2) obez kontrol grubu olarak kullanıldı ve sadece yüksek yağlı diyetle beslendi. Obez grupların geri kalanı sırasıyla 20 mg/kg/gün (Grup 3) ve 100 mg/kg/gün (Grup 4) dozlarında oral GBE verildi. Bu çalışmada kullanılan tüm deney protokolleri Mersin Üniversitesi Hayvan Etiği Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır.

Bulgular: 21 günlük tedavi sonrasında Grup 1'de serum trigliserit düzeyleri 52,5±9,07 (mg/dl); Grup 2’de 109,5±46,8; Grup 3'de 62,3±18,8 ve Grup 4'de 65,6±28,8 olarak ölçüldü. Obez kontrol grubu ve GBE tedavi grupları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p
Can Cellular Differentiation and Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma be Predicted by Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography?
Authors: ALTAN KUS Aylin , KOYUNCU SÖKMEN Bedriye
Published: August 2023

Objective

The purpose of our study was to examine the contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in explanted liver, the association between microvascular invasion (MVI) and cellular differentiation, and to predict the severity of HCC.

Material and Methods:

CECT images of 54 surgically proven HCCs were evaluated with abdominal radiologist. Our CECT protocol was composed of precontrast, arterial, portal and delayed venous phases. The radiologist analysed the CT images for; tumor size, tumor margin, presence of intratumoral vessels; presence of capsule; intratumoral fat accumulation; and macroinvasion. The imaging features were correlated with cellular differentiation and MVI using Fisher's exact test or the χ2 test.

Results:

The results of our study indicated that there was a significant inverse correlation between the presence of capsule and MVI (p
Competency-based selection and assignment for project manager in Iranian railways projects by genetic multigenic programming
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, VakilZadeh Mehdi , Shayanfar Mohsenali ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran, Zabihi-Samani Masoud ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Ravanshadnia Mehdi ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Published: August 2023

As a part of human resource management, active companies in Iran's railway industry must determine the qualifications for appropriate project managers in railway construction. This research aims to consider the importance of Iran's railway construction projects due to the lack of staff with expertise and their high economic impact and budget. A decision-making model is presented. The project manager's qualifications are determined through questionnaires answered by experts in the field. The numerical model is created to determine the qualifications for project management in the railway industry. Therefore, Competency-Based Selection by Genetic Programming Multigenic Regression (CSPR) is proposed for project-oriented human resource management. Decision-making is done in three phases: Hierarchical analysis process for evaluating and determining the qualifications based on the questionnaires. The model is trained and validated by creating optimal coefficients and genes to determine the contribution of each of these qualifications in determining each candidate's final qualifications based on experts' questionnaires. Finally, the model's accuracy with optimal coefficients will be tested based on the questionnaires not used in the model training phase. The CSPR model provides a qualitative method and numerical optimization to evaluate and grade the project manager in Iran's railway construction projects based on the metaheuristic method.
The effects of marriage and divorce on women's nationality in Iranian law
Authors: Hashemi Nasab Zavareh Mohsen
Published: August 2023

Family as the first and foremost social institution greatly impacts its immediate larger society. Also the importance of family as a key figure in a healthy society, and the necessity of strong relations between spouses make it imperative to devise required legal devices. As women are prone to suffer and receive more damage in cases of family breakdown, the legislator should develop and establish more protective statutes in respect to the rights of women. In order to protect the rights of Iranian women, the legislator makes a distinction between the cases where an Iranian woman marries a foreign man, and those where Iranian men marry foreign women. In the former case, wife's change, or retention, of nationality is subject to the laws of the husband’s State while in the latter case the legislator enforces the unity of nationality principle. Marriage between Iranian women and foreign men causes women to experience a number of changes and limitations in terms of their national and inheritance rights. Also they may lose their Iranian nationality as a consequence of their marriage —in cases when the husband’s nationality, due to the law of the husband's State, is forced upon wife. On the other hand, foreign women married to Iranian men, though being forced to accept Iranian nationality, encounter less limitations resulting from marriage. Upon divorce, they are neither forced to accept a nationality, in contrast to the time when marriage is celebrated, nor denied their Iranian nationality. Thereby, they can choose whether to remain an Iranian national or recover their original nationality.
Features of understanding public relations in Ukraine and European countries
Authors: Leheza Yevhen , Herasymchuk Serhii , Banchuk-Petrosova Olena , Tylchyk Vyacheslav , Rohalskyi Volodymyr
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the research is defining the concept of social relations from the point of view of theoretical, administrative, civil-legal aspects of legal regulation, considering scientists. Main content. The content of the concepts of “public relations” and “social relations” as political and legal entities with different paradigmatic definitiveness is substantiated. Methodology: The methodological basis of the research consists of comparative-legal and system analysis, formal-legal method, interpretation method, hermeneutic and methods of analysis and synthesis. Conclusions. It has been established that the term “public relations” characterizes relations between people, which provide for the unconditional priority of the economy over other spheres of society (political, ideological, cultural), where there is no place for a person with his values, rights and freedoms. At least, the latter do not acquire proper regulatory support.
Activismo judicial en el Estado ambiental de derecho
Authors: Magoja Eduardo Esteban
Published: August 2023

La emergencia del Estado ambiental de derecho ofrece un nuevo escenario con respecto a la función judicial, la cual, lejos de limitarse a aplicar las normas de manera mecánica, es activa y cuenta con poderes normativos amplios. Esta caracterización invita a reflexionar sobre dos problemas en particular: por un lado, una amplia libertad del juez puede llegar a ser un riesgo para la institucionalidad del derecho y el esquema de división de poderes; por el otro, puede vulnerar las garantías constitucionales de los ciudadanos.

El propósito de este trabajo es discutir estos problemas. Se buscará argumentar a favor de la tesis de que las prácticas judiciales proactivas caerían prima facie en un activismo justificado siempre que se respeten ciertos límites (procesales y relativos a la organización estatal) y exista un compromiso serio con los derechos humanos, la defensa del bien colectivo del ambiente y la realización de la justicia ambiental.
Morfina para el dolor neuropático crónico en adultos
Authors: del Pilar Fernández Narváez Vanessa Nicol , Cortes-Jofre Marcela , Ortiz-Muñoz Luis E.
Published: August 2023

El dolor neuropático, causado por una lesión o enfermedad que compromete el sistema somatosensitivo, puede ser de origen central o periférico. El dolor neuropático a menudo incluye síntomas como una sensación quemante o punzante, la sensibilidad anormal a estímulos que normalmente no causan dolor o el aumento de la sensibilidad a estímulos dolorosos habituales. El dolor neuropático es un síntoma frecuente en muchas enfermedades del sistema nervioso. Los fármacos opiáceos, como la morfina, se usan comúnmente para el tratamiento del dolor neuropático. La mayoría de las revisiones han examinado todos los opiáceos juntos. Esta revisión buscó la evidencia específicamente para la morfina; otros opiáceos se consideran en revisiones separadas.
Uso de antiinflamatorios no esteroidales para el manejo del dolor lumbar agudo
Authors: Salgado Alejandro Reyes , Abatto Florencia , Cortes-Jofre Marcela , Ortiz-Muñoz Luis E.
Published: August 2023

El dolor lumbar es uno de los problemas de salud más prevalentes a nivel mundial. Su prevalencia se estima en un 85% en los países desarrollados. Afecta la vida personal, causando limitaciones en la actividad y ausentismo laboral, conllevando a altos costos socioeconómicos. Las guías actuales son consistentes en la necesidad de prescribir medicamentos analgésicos por periodos cortos. Los principales efectos terapéuticos de los antiinflamatorios no esteroides (AINEs) se derivan de su capacidad de inhibir la producción de prostaglandinas, reduciendo la inflamación, dolor y la fiebre. Bajo indicación adecuada, son un tratamiento eficaz para el manejo del dolor lumbar agudo.
FORMAT-FORMAT BIROKRASI: SEBUAH STUDI TENTANG PENGORGANISIRAN DAN PENYUSUNAN FORMAT DALAM KONTEKS ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Mualif Akmal
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bentuk-bentuk birokrasi yang digunakan dalam konteks pemerintahan. Formulir ini merupakan alat penting untuk mengatur dan mengedit dokumen di instansi pemerintah dan berperan penting dalam menjaga kesinambungan administrasi dan koherensi kebijakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang meliputi analisis dokumen, wawancara, dan observasi langsung. Studi ini berfokus pada lembaga pemerintah yang berbeda pada tingkat yang berbeda, seperti pemerintah pusat, pemerintah daerah, dan lembaga pelaksana kebijakan. Melalui analisis rinci format yang digunakan dalam berbagai disiplin ilmu manajemen, pengadaan barang dan jasa, manajemen keuangan dan proses hukum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi ciri-ciri umum, perbedaan dan tantangan yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah dalam menggunakan bentuk birokrasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa format birokrasi berperan dalam standarisasi prosedur, penyediaan informasi yang konsisten, dan pengelolaan arsip. Meskipun terdapat beberapa kesamaan format yang digunakan oleh instansi yang berbeda, namun terdapat juga variasi dan penyesuaian sesuai dengan kebutuhan spesifik dari masing-masing wilayah administrasi. Selain itu, tantangan utama dalam menggunakan format birokrasi meliputi perubahan regulasi, perbedaan interpretasi dan implementasi, serta kebutuhan penggunaan teknologi informasi yang lebih efisien. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi pengembangan dan perbaikan format birokrasi di instansi pemerintah. Wawasan ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan pedoman atau pedoman yang lebih baik untuk pembuatan dan penggunaan format birokrasi yang mempromosikan efektivitas, efisiensi dan transparansi dalam administrasi publik. Selain itu, studi ini memberikan wawasan tentang tantangan pelaksanaan administrasi pemerintahan yang kompleks dan beragam.
Potential of Public Private Partnership for NSDI Implementation in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Asmat
Published: August 2023

Special characteristic of spatial information is that it can be shared and used for many other purposesthan the one, for which, it was originally produced. To facilitate its efficient sharing and reuse, itneeds to be properly managed. This is one of the reasons that many countries are developing NationalSpatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI). But the challenge of developing a successful NSDI dependslargely on its implementation which is so significant that none of the two key stakeholder groups i.e.public or private sectors can address it at their own.
Problem Based Learning: An emerging method of teaching learning in medical education
Authors: Guragain Parth
Published: August 2023

No abstract available.
A 4 year retrospective study of facial dog bite injuries in patients reported to pediatric emergency, BPKIHS, Nepal.
Authors: Dali Mamta , Koirala Bandana , Shrestha Sneha , Birajee Gajendra
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Dog bites facial injuries are a significant health care problem and their sequelae ranges from minor to fatal injuries.

 

Objectives: To determine the incidence of facial dog bite injuries and to assess the outcome as well as presentation of facial injuries among the children reported to the pediatric emergency, BPKIHS, Nepal.

 

Methodology: A study was conducted where the clinical records of children with facial dog bite injuries reported from 2015 to 2018, were assessed and analyzed.A proforma was designed to extract relevant clinical data from the case records. Information such as age, gender of the victims, anatomical site of the injury, interval between injury and presentation to the hospital, nature of injuries,profile(stray or pet)and immunization status the of dog ,outcome and complications were extracted.

 

Results: The incidence of facial dog bite injuries has significantly increasedpointing maleschool going children injured predominantly(70%).Seventeen(81%) victims had presented within 24 hrs of injury whereas two(9.5%) patients had reported after 24 hours and 72 hours of the injury. Nineteen patients were treated on the same dayunder local anesthesia, one under general anesthesia where thorough wound lavage with meticulous reapproximation followed by suturing was done. Full recovery was evident in eighteen (86%) cases with primary wound closure whereas two (14%) patients had undergone healing with secondary intention.

Conclusion: There is an increase in incidence of dog bite facial injuries among children in our tertiary health care centre. Satisfactory healing outcomes were achieved with a thorough wound lavage and primary closure of non-infected wounds under appropriate rabies prophylaxis and proper antibiotic regimen.
Comparison of Spot Urinary Protein Creatinine Ratio and 24 hour Urinary Protein Excretion in Children presenting with Nephrotic Syndrome in Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Giri Arun , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Shah Vijay Kumar , Niraula Niraj , Rauniyar Anand
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is an important chronic disorder in children and it’s one of the important diagnostic criteria is presence of heavy proteinuria (> 40 mg/m2/hour).
As 24-hour urinary protein estimation is cumbersome, inconvenient, time consuming and expensive, a more convenient and accurate method of urinary protein estimation is needed.
24-hour urinary protein estimation and urine protein/creatinine in a child with nephrotic syndrome correlates well but there are very few studies done in Nepal to prove this correlation. Hence, this study is undertaken with objective of evaluating usefulness of urine protein/creatinine (UP/UC) in random sample of urine as a rapid and reliable test for quantification of proteinuria and to know their correlation with 24hour urinary protein excretion.
Objectives:
Primary Objective: To evaluate accuracy of urine protein creatinine ratio (UP/UC) in early morning sample in comparison with 24 hours urinary protein excretion in children of nephrotic syndrome having normal Glomerular Filtration Rate.
Secondary Objective:

To evaluate usefulness of urine protein / creatinine ratio (UP/UC) in random sample of urine as rapid and reliable test for quantification of proteinuria.
To evaluate biochemical and other laboratory abnormalities in children with nephrotic syndrome.
To study varied clinical presentation of Pediatric nephrotic syndrome

Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in pediatric unit, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital,  Biratnagar for 12 months. In this study, 50 patients of both sexes, ranging from one to fifteen years of age were studied. The modes of presentation, laboratory investigation reports which included urine routine microscopy, 24-hour urine protein estimation, urine protein / creatinine in random sample of urine were documented and data was analyzed by linear regression.
Results: Linear regression revealed that as timed 24-hour urine protein in gm/24 hour increased, Random urine/protein creatinine ratio mg/mg also increased linearly with correlation coefficient of r = 0.56 which was highly significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: This study concludes that UP/UC ratio in a spot urine reflects the amount of protein in 24-hour urine collection. UP/UC ratio > 2 in patients with normal renal function represents nephrotic range proteinuria.
Amniotic Band Sequence: A Rare Case Seen In Birat Medical College
Authors: Neupane Sudhan , Shrestha Sabin , Jha Mukunda Kumar , Shakya Nirajan , Neupane Pratik
Published: August 2023

N/A
Historical Development of Anti-Doping Agency
Authors: Gill Dorthy , Preet Jyoti
Published: August 2023

Doping is a serious problem in all levels of athletics, but especially at the amateur level. The detection of doping has received a lot of attention in the scientific literature, but the negative consequences of doping agents on athletes' health have received much less attention. The beneficial effects of androgenic anabolic steroids on muscular growth and strength are well-documented. Although HGH can boost muscle size, the majority of that gain is water weight rather than actual muscle fibres. Muscle strength, power, and aerobic capacity are not significantly altered by growth hormone in recreational athletes, but anaerobic exercise capacity is increased. On the other hand, beta-adrenergic agonists given intravenously may improve sprinting ability, and beta-adrenergic antagonists decrease muscle tremor. It was discovered in 1968 that Swedish athlete Hens-gunnar Liljenwall had been using alcohol as a form of performance-enhancing doping. Alcohol use, for instance, is prohibited in some activities and sports but not in others, such as when compared to motor racing, where such a prohibition does not exist. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is responsible for monitoring doping in all different kinds of competitive sports. Steroids, anabolic agents, stimulants, and gene doping are just a few examples of the kinds of things that might get you in trouble with the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SYSTEMIC IMMUNE INFLAMMATION INDICES AND PROGNOSTIC NUTRITIONAL INDEX BEFORE CDK4/6 INHIBITOR THERAPY IN HORMONE RECEPTOR POSITIVE, HER2 NEGATIVE METASTATIC BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: ÇAKAN DEMİREL Burçin , YAREN Arzu , DEMİRAY Atike Gökçen , YAPAR TAŞKÖYLÜ Burcu , DOĞAN Tolga , ÖZDEMİR Melek , GÜÇLÜ KANTAR Taliha , KARAN Canan , DEĞİRMENCİOĞLU Serkan , GOKOZ DOGU Gamze
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose: As systemic inflammatory indices and prognostic nutritional index are associated with poor prognosis in many tumor types, the goal of the present study was to ascertain their effect along with the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio, and systemic inflammatory response index on the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer patients before CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment.

Materials and Method: The medical records of 79 patients with HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer who presented at the Medical Oncology Outpatient Clinic between January 2018 and May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed to gather relevant data measured before CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment in order to establish the effect of key markers on their PFS and OS.

Results: The median age of the participating patients, 70 (88.6%) of whom were postmenopausal, was 53 years (range 26−80 years). While 68 patients (86.1%) had a 0 performance score, 10 (12.7%) developed metastases during adjuvant endocrine therapy. Factors affecting PFS were age
Correlation of P53 Expression with Clinicopathological Parameters, Hormone Receptors and HER 2 Neu Status in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Ali Tahmida , Kamath Sulatha M
Published: August 2023

Background: Progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER) expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER 2 neu) amplification/ overexpression, and p53 nuclear protein accumulation are all significant prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer (BC). This work aims to assess the co-presence of p53 overexpression with ER, PR, and HER 2 neu expression in invasive BC specimens by IHC and compare their expression with various clinicopathological features. Objectives: To evaluate the expression of ER, PR, HER-2neu and p53 in invasive breast carcinoma specimens and to correlate the expression of p53 with ER, PR, HER-2 neu and the clinicopathological parameters. Methods: Cases of Modified Radical Mastectomy received from June 2015 to May 2017 were studied. In addition to hematoxylin and eosin sections, immunohistochemical staining was done for ER, PR, HER 2 neu and p53. The expression of ER, PR, HER 2 neu and p53 was noted and the findings were correlated with other clinicopathological parameters. Results: Among 86 cases studied most of them belonged to the age group 41-60 years (54, 62.8%). A significant positive correlation of p53 over expression with ER and PR positive tumours and Triple Negative tumours was noted. Also p53 overexpression showed a positive significant correlation with tumour grade. Conclusion: P53 overexpression in breast carcinoma indicates an aggressive clinical course and can be used as a marker of poor prognosis.
Reviews
Authors: Bonin Hugo , Eckert Alexandra , Ángel Andrés Jiménez
Published: August 2023

Annelien De Dijn, Freedom: An Unruly History (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2020), 432 pp.

Marian Nebelin and Claudia Tiersch, eds., Semantische Kämpfe zwischen Republik und Prinzipat? Kontinuität und Transformation der politischen Sprache in Rom [Semantic struggles in the Republic and the Principate? Continuity and change in Rome's political language] (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2021), 513 pages.

Francisco Ortega, Rafael Acevedo, and Pablo Casanova Castañeda, eds., Horizontes de la historia conceptual en Iberoamérica: Trayectorias e incursiones [Horizons of conceptual history in Ibero-America: Trajectories and incursions] (Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2021), 515 pp.
Groundwater flow accumulation technology for expanding reclamation systems
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Degtyarev Vladimir G. , Khadzhidi Anna E. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Degtyarev Georgy V. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Kuznetsov Evgeny V. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose: to develop the technology for accumulating groundwater flow, taking into account the rheological soil properties in the system of accumulating precipitation for expanding reclamation systems. Materials and methods. With the help of an underground dam, the conditions for accumulating groundwater flow are created, taking into account the rheological soil properties in the system of accumulating precipitation for expanding reclamation systems. The studies were performed using the midas GTS NX software package. Mathematical modeling was performed in the wxMaxima software package. Results. A set of technical devices combined into a technological system, intended for ensuring reliable accumulation of precipitation flow in the autumn-winter period and water withdrawal in the required volume, including dry periods of the year, in mountain river valleys with periodically intermittent watercourse has been developed. The technological scheme includes the construction of an impermeable underground dam in the cross section of the river valley, completely covering the aquifer in terms of power and width and forming the main underground reservoir. The regularities of the stress-strain state of the soil mass in time under the loads, including hydrostatic ones, are obtained at upstream water levels in the range from minus 8.19 to minus 1.18 m and downstream water levels from minus 7.93 to minus 6.68 m. It has been determined that the displacement of the underground dam foundation depends on pressure in the upstream of dam: the greater the pressure, the greater the displacement of its foundation, and with an increase in pressure by 4 times, the displacement of the foundation increases by 5.5 times. Conclusions. The proposed technology of groundwater flow accumulation under conditions of water resources deficit, based on the system of regulation of an underground dam with lifting and transport equipment, is designed to guarantee the accumulation of natural waters and their use in irrigation systems.
Determining the level of water degradation in areas of water bodies, used to divert drainage and waste water from irrigated lands
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Drovovozova Tatiana I. , Manzhina Svetlana A. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose: to determine the level of water degradation in the areas of water bodies used to divert drainage and waste water from irrigated lands of the Central irrigated district of Rostov region. Materials and methods. The object of study was the drainage and waste water inlets – sections of the Sal, the Salt, the Podpol’naya, the Western Manych rivers and the Beshenny yerik. The assessment of water quality in the background section line of the water body and in the section of drainage water inlet from irrigated lands was conducted according to the specific combinatorial water pollution index (SCWPI) and the complex indicator of anthropogenic load. Results. According to the SCWPI, water in the Salt river and the Besheny yerik is assessed as polluted, 3rd class, category “a”, in the background section line of the Sal river – as the 3rd class, category “b”, very polluted, in the outlet section line of drainage and waste water – as the 4th class, category “a”, dirty. The intraseasonal dynamics of the anthropogenic load index for the studied watercourses showed that in the Salt, the Podpol’naya, the Western Manych rivers throughout the entire irrigation period, the self-cleaning ability of water bodies is higher than the rate of degradation processes. The depletion processes prevail over the recovery process in the Sal river and the Besheny yerik in the study area. Conclusions. It has been determined that the complex indicator of anthropogenic load exceeds the conditionally normative indicator in the estimated section of the Sal river by more than 3 times, this indicates the damage to the aquatic environment from the drainage and waste water discharge. The rest of the studied river ecosystems are in their natural state, do not experience or experience weakly anthropogenic impact from water pollution. In certain periods of the irrigation season, the river ecosystem of the Besheny yerik experiences a short-term moderate anthropogenic load.
Selection of the most promising for irrigation development agricultural plots of land
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Kuzmitchev Alexandr A.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: to develop a method for estimating and ranking agricultural land plots, the most promising for the development of irrigation. Materials and methods: the plot ranking is based on the application of multi-factor analysis and expert assessment methods. Results. Estimation criteria are proposed, and the weight values of each of them are determined according to the degree of influence on the final land valuation: irrigation water quality – 20 %, degree of soil alkalinity – 19 %, degree of soil salinity – 16 %, water table – 14 %, technical condition of the water supply network – 12 %, the groundwater mineralization – 11 %, the distance from the water source – 8 %. The structure of the process of making a decision on the development of irrigation has been developed. Land plots evaluation and ranking are carried out in the following sequence: determination of the actual values of estimation criteria, evaluation of plots separately for each criterion, plots integral estimation and ranking. Approbation of the proposed method for estimating and ranking land plots was carried out on the example of a farm located in Aksai district Rostov region. Seven fields that were formerly irrigated but now rainfed were estimated. As a result, it was concluded that fields 2, 4 and 6 have the same rank and are the most promising for the development of irrigation. Field 1 is next in order of priority. Fields 5, 7, and 3 complete the priority list. Conclusions: the proposed method for estimating and ranking land plots can be widely used by farms that intend investments in irrigated agriculture, and can also be taken into account when planning public investments in the maintenance and development of state reclamation systems.
Full-scale experimental studies of the process of introducing livestock effluents into the suction pipelines of pumping stations for fertilizing irrigation
Authors:   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Maklakov Dmitriy V. , Rudakov Vladimir А. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Urzhumova Yulia S. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Tarasyants Sergey A. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose: to determine the possible degree of mixing livestock effluents and water for various hydraulic parameters of elements of installed equipment and pipeline network. Materials and methods. The research was carried out at the pumping station of the irrigation system of “Rassvet” LLC of Kuibyshev district Rostov region. The diagrams show pumping stations with positive and negative suction heads for the possibility of universal use of the obtained parameters regardless of the water marks in both the water source and the outlet. When conducting full-scale studies, the theory of experiment planning was used. The general, maximum possible geometric and hydraulic parameters of the fertilizer and water jet mixer network for centrifugal pumps are assigned. Results. When analyzing the equations obtained experimentally, the dependences affecting the hydraulic process of introducing livestock effluents into the suction pipelines of the pumping station are obtained. With an increase in the water level in the water source from minus 1.5 to plus 0.5 m; the manure storage level from 0.5 to 10.0 m and the mixer head from 0 to 8.0 m, the mixing coefficient increases from 1.0 to 3.0, respectively; the mixing coefficient and accordingly, the amount of nutrients in the irrigation mixture is calculated based on the above parameters. Conclusions: the conducted studies make it possible to determine the necessary mixing coefficient of livestock effluents and water when introducing the mixture into the suction pipeline of the pumping station, to calculate both the one-time and annual supply of nutrients during fertilizing irrigation with livestock effluents for the expected yield.
Water-saving irrigation of corn on the reclaimed lands in Rostov region
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Gurina Irina V. , Mikheev Nikolay V. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Gurin Konstantin G. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose: to develop a water-saving regime for irrigating corn for grain, which guarantees sustainable productivity with a shortage of water resources on the basis of field research. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in Rostov region according to generally accepted methods. The soil of the plot is ordinary chernozem. According to water-physical and agrochemical indicators, it is suitable for crop cultivation. The experiment scheme included three options: in option 1 (control), a previously developed irrigation regime was used; in options 2 and 3, from the beginning of the growing season to the phase of tasselling, irrigation rates were given out completely (as in option 1), and then decreased by 15 and 30 %, respectively. Results. The pre-irrigation soil moisture limit in the 0–60 cm layer was maintained at the level of 70–75 % of the minimum water capacity. The soil water regime influenced the plant growth and development. The differences in the onset of plant vegetation phases were observed from the phase of tasselling. The grain firm ripe stage occurred in variant 3 earlier, then in variant 2. The largest linear growth in the flowering phase (269 cm) was recorded in variant 1, which was 3.7 and 5.2 % higher than the indicators of the variants 1 and 2, respectively. The biological yield of corn in option 1 was 12.9 t/ha, which is 10.1 and 16.3 % higher than the water-saving options. According to the calculations of economic efficiency, with a decrease in irrigation rates by 15 %, the cultivation of corn for grain is profitable. Conclusions. As a result of the research, a water-saving irrigation regime for corn for grain was developed and recommended for agricultural production, which provides for nine vegetation irrigations: the first and second – 300 cubic meters/ha each, the third – 400 cubic meters/ha, from the fourth to the ninth ones, irrigation is carried out at a rate reduced by 15 % – 425 cubic meters/ha. Irrigation rate is 3550 cubic meters/ha.