bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grossing and reporting of radical prostatectomy specimens: An evidence-based approach
Authors: Rao B. Vishal , Soni Shailesh , Kulkarni Bijal , Bindhu MR , Ambekar Asawari , Midha Divya , Kaushal Seema , Patil Sachin , Jagdale Rakhi , Sundaram Sandhya , Kumar Ramani Manoj , Desai Sangeeta , Menon Santosh
Published: December 2023

Radical prostatectomy (RP) constitutes the primary treatment option for patients with clinically localized, biopsy-proven prostate cancer that requires local treatment with curative intent. Accurate reporting of radical prostatectomy specimens is required to guide further risk stratification and management of patients. Hence, for the handling and reporting of RP specimens, a standardized protocol should be followed. Many general pathologists may not be well-versed with the guidelines for the handling of radical prostatectomy specimens. This article discusses a detailed approach to grossing techniques, including specimen description, fixation requirements, gross cut-up, and reporting of the grade and stage of RP specimens. This will enable the pathologist to aid in multidisciplinary management.
Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin-D levels in head and neck cancer chemoradiation therapy: Potential in cancer therapeutics
Authors: Bhanu Arya , Waghmare Chaitali M. , Jain Vandana S. , Pawar Hemant J.
Published: December 2023

Background:

To evaluate the relation between serum-25-hydroxy Vitamin-D levels (S25OHVDL) and concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CTRT) toxicities in patients of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).

Methods:

After an institutional ethics committee approval, consecutive HNSCC patients who received radical/adjuvant CTRT were prospectively evaluated. Patients were assessed for CTRT toxicities using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 (CTCAE-v5.0) and the response was evaluated according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST-1.1). S25OHVDL was assessed at the time of the first follow-up. Patients were divided into group A (Optimal) and group B (suboptimal) according to S25OHVDL. The treatment toxicities were correlated with S25OHVDL.

Results:

Twenty-eight patients were evaluated for the study. S25OHVDL was optimal in eight (28.57%) and suboptimal in 20 patients (71.42%). Mucositis and radiation dermatitis were significantly more in subgroup B (P-value 0.0011 and 0.0505, respectively). Relatively lower but nonsignificant hemoglobin and peripheral white blood cell counts were observed in subgroup B.

Conclusion:

Suboptimal S25OHVDL was associated with significantly more skin and mucosal toxicities in HNSCC patients treated with CTRT.
Contribution of combined use of different ultrasound modes to evaluate mediastinal lymph nodes
Authors: Uzer Fatih , Uzun Rusen
Published: December 2023

Background:

To determine the contribution to diagnostic rates of the evaluation of the sonographic characteristics of lymph nodes with EBUS together with vascularity.

Methods:

In the present study, patients who underwent the Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) procedure were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were classified as benign or malignant by using the sonographic features of EBUS. EBUS-Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA) confirmed histopathologically with lymph node dissection or in cases where no disease progression was observed clinically or radiologically in at least 6 months of follow-up. Malignant lymph node diagnosis was based on histological examination.

Results:

Evaluation was made of 165 patients comprising 122 (73.9%) males and 43 (26.1%) females with a mean age of 62.0 ± 10.7 years. Malignant disease was diagnosed in 89 (53.9%) cases and benign disease in 76 (46.1%) cases. The success level of the model was seen to be approximately 87%. The Nagelkerke R2 value was calculated as 0.401. The probability of malignancy increased 3.86-fold (95% CI: 2.61–5.11) in lesions of diameter ≥20 mm compared to lesions <20 mm, 2.58-fold (95% CI: 1.48–3.68) in lesions not determined with central hilar structure (CHS) compared to those determined with CHS, 6.85-fold (95% CI: 4.67–9.03) in lymph nodes observed with necrosis compared to those without necrosis, and 1.51-fold (95% CI: 0.41–2.61) in lymph nodes with a vascular pattern (VP) score of 2–3 compared to those with a VP score of 0–1.

Conclusion:

Visualization of coagulation necrosis with EBUS-B mode and the determination of VP 2-3 in power Doppler mode were seen to be the most important criteria of malignancy.
Primary renal lymphoma masquerading as metastasis in a patient with primary breast cancer and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Bhat Archana S. , Dsouza Lenon J. , Gatty Rohan C. , Shet Dinesh S.
Published: December 2023

We describe a case of a 56-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with breast mass, axillary lymphadenopathy, and renal mass. The breast lesion was diagnosed as infiltrating ductal carcinoma. However, the renal mass evaluation was suggestive of a primary lymphoma. Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) with breast cancer in an SLE patient has rarely been reported.
A rare case of concurrent intrahepatic splenosis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma following splenectomy
Authors: Li Jiangbin , He Li , Luo Nianan , Dong Rui
Published: December 2023

We present an extremely rare case of intrahepatic splenosis (IHS). On admission and examination, the patient was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma and postoperative injury or inflammatory lesions of the pancreas, based on image analysis. Postoperative histopathology showed that the lesions of the liver and diaphragm were of splenic origin, and the pancreatic lesion was identified as a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. The lesson of this case is that if there is a history of splenic rupture or splenectomy, even in the presence of hepatitis or cirrhosis, doctors should be alert to the possibility of IHS. Furthermore, splenectomy may affect the blood supply to the tail of the pancreas, so patients with a pancreatic tail mass following splenectomy need follow-up and biopsy, if necessary.
Sleep quality, mental health, and quality of life in women with breast cancer
Authors: Emre Nilufer , Yılmaz Sevda
Published: December 2023

Background:

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among women and its prevalence keeps growing. Today, it is important to optimize the quality of life of breast cancer patients because the survival rates increase with early diagnosis and treatments. Our aim was to examine the sleep quality of patients with breast cancer, compare them with the healthy control group, and evaluate the relationship between quality of life and mental health.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study included 125 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 125 healthy control patients who were admitted to the general surgery department of a university.

Results:

In 60.8% of breast cancer patients, sleep quality was poor and sleep subscale scores were high. In addition, these patients had a poorer sleep quality, higher score of anxiety and depression, and lower quality of life (in terms of physical subcomponent) compared with the control group. Moreover, although age, marital status, education status, time of cancer diagnosis, menopausal status, surgical method did not have any effect on sleep quality in patient group; low income, accompanying chronic diseases, and increased levels of anxiety and depression worsened sleep quality and increased the risk.

Conclusion:

In patients with breast cancer, poor sleep quality, score of anxiety and depression were higher, and worsened the quality of life. In addition, low income, presence of concomitant chronic diseases, and anxiety score posed an increased risk for poor sleep quality. Therefore, physical and mental evaluation of breast cancer patients during and after treatment should not be ignored.
Comparison of Clinical Effectiveness between the Management of Cervical and Lumbar Disc Herniation with Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression Followed by Interlaminar Cervical Epidural and Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection Respectively
Authors: Mallick Shantanu
Published: December 2023

Background:

Different treatments for discogenic axial back/neck pain or radicular pain to limbs are there from conservative therapies and minimally invasive therapies to open spine surgeries with lots of controversial outcomes. Percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) is one of the minimally invasive therapies which is done under local anesthesia and has been successfully performed in many selected patients for their lumbar and cervical disc herniation problems. In PLDD, a part of the nucleus pulposus is vaporized with the help of laser energy to reduce the intradiscal pressure of the diseased discs causing nerve compression. In this case series after a 1-year follow-up, the clinical effectiveness of PLDD with epidural steroid injection is assessed in selected lumbar and cervical disc herniation cases.

Materials and Methods:

Ninety-six patients underwent the PLDD procedure at the cervical and lumbar disc with epidural steroid injections for their disc herniation causing radicular pain in the upper and lower limbs, respectively. The patients were followed at 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. The main outcome measures were done through the visual analog scores (VASs) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for upper and lower limb pain.

Results:

The primary outcome showed that there is a significant clinically relevant difference between the two groups at a 1-year follow-up. VAS and mean disability score based on the ODI were significantly lower in cervical disc herniation patients. The reoperation rate in the cervical group is also much less than the lumbar group.

Conclusion:

Like all other surgical modalities for disc herniation, PLDD has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, compared to lumbar disc herniation, it may give better results in cervical disc herniation. In selected cases, combined PLDD with epidural steroid injection can be chosen as a “first-choice-minimally-invasive-treatment,” when standard conservative therapies do not give satisfactory outcome.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Intra-articular Platelet-rich Plasma with Intra-articular Steroid in the Management of Pain due to Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
Authors: Dev Priyanka , Dey Samarjit , Bhattacharyya Prithwis , Mitra Jayanta Kumar , Agarwal Sharat , Aggarwal Sunny
Published: December 2023

Background:

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has proved to be beneficial due to its remodeling property in various conditions in the past. When given intra-articularly, it may also provide adequate analgesia in low back pain.

Aims:

This study was aimed to compare the efficacy between intra-articular sacroiliac joint (SIJ) injection of PRP and steroid in the management of SIJ dysfunction pain.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective, randomized parallel group study was conducted for 24 months period at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 50 patients above 18 years were included in the study and allocated into two groups (n = 25) by computer randomization. Patients in the respective group received sacroiliac intra-articular injection of either autologous PRP or triamcinolone (steroid). For the primary outcome, the Numerical Rating Scale Score was recorded preprocedure and postprocedure at the 24 h, 1st, 3rd, and 6th month. The need for any rescue analgesia or repeat injection during the study period was considered the secondary outcome.

Results:

At the 1st, 3rd, and 6th month postprocedure, 100%, 88%, and 76% of patients, respectively, obtained significant pain relief after injection of PRP. In contrast, at 3rd and 6th month postprocedure, only 20% and 28%, respectively, had short-term pain relief in the steroid group.

Conclusions:

Single intra-articular injection of PRP provides significant pain relief and functional improvement in patients with SIJ pain.
Best Practice Recommendations for Implantable Neuromodulation Therapies for Pain: Spinal Cord Stimulation
Authors: Doshi Preeti , Bandikatla Vijay Bhaskar , Poddar Krishna , Arora Rajkumar , Kanthed Pravesh , Dey Samarjit
Published: December 2023

Chronic pain has a huge global prevalence of 20% and in a country like India which has been labeled by the UN as the most populous country in April 2023, the problem is likely to explode and pose a huge challenge to Indian Practitioners. An addition to this can also be due to an expected doubling of individuals over 65 years of age by rises in the aging population. Pharmacotherapy which is the mainstay for conservative medical management (CMM) often seems to be inadequate and/or has a potential for a range of side effects. The patients who are refractory to all forms of CMM move up on the treatment algorithm for pain interventions. Implantable neuromodulation therapies can be of considerable help in patients who have significantly impaired quality of life due to unremitting severe pain, despite CMM and simpler pain interventions. These implanted devices provide ongoing satisfactory pain relief in select patients. This is for the 1st time that practice recommendations are published to guide practitioners offering this treatment in India. This can also be a reference for selecting the most appropriate patients to optimize outcomes. This can also provide motivation to start collecting information in their local database and also to convince our reimbursement agencies about incorporating this useful modality in the gamut of approved therapies.
Best Practice Recommendations for Implantable Neuromodulation Therapies for Pain II: Intrathecal Drug Delivery Systems; Peripheral Nerve Stimulation; Sacral Neuromodulation
Authors: Doshi Preeti , Bandikatla Vijay Bhaskar , Poddar Krishna , Arora Rajkumar , Kanthed Pravesh , Dey Samarjit
Published: December 2023

This is a part II of the best practice recommendations for implantable neuromodulation therapies for pain. Part I has already covered Spinal cord stimulation (SCS). We shall be be covering Intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS), Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) and Sacral nerve neuromodulation (SNM) in this article. Chronic pain has a huge global prevalence of 20% and in a country like India which has been labeled by the UN as the most populous country in April 2023, the problem is likely to explode and pose a huge challenge to Indian Practitioners. In addition to this can also be due to an expected doubling of individuals over 65 years of age by rising aging population. Patients failing conservative medical management (CMM) can be benefited from advanced pain therapies, including neuromodulation. This is for the first time that practice recommendations are published to guide practitioners offering this treatment in India. This can also be a reference for selecting the most appropriate patients to optimize outcomes. This can also provide motivation to start collecting information in the local database and also to convince our reimbursement agencies about incorporating this useful modality in the gamut of approved pain interventions.
Prevalence of Cervical Radiculopathy among Information Technology Professionals with Neck Pain
Authors: Joseph Rini , Roy Feba
Published: December 2023

Background:

Cervical radiculopathy, commonly called a “pinched nerve,” occurs when a nerve in the neck is irritated or compressed where it branches away from the spinal cord concerning particular neurologic and musculoskeletal conditions in the neck and upper limbs. Fifty-nine percent of work-related musculoskeletal disorders are reported annually by information technology (IT) professionals, among which 30% are neck pain-related disorders. Thus, this study aims to know the prevalence of cervical radiculopathy among IT professionals with neck pain.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of cervical radiculopathy among IT professionals with neck pain.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between cervical radiculopathy and neck pain and to find out the percentage of disability by using the Neck Disability Index (NDI).

Materials and Methods:

The prevalence study was carried out with a sample size (n = 92) involving IT professionals in Bangalore. The NDI questionnaire (NDI) related to daily life activities was used. To identify cervical radiculopathy, specialized testing was performed.

Results:

Out of 92 samples, 46 tested positive for cervical radiculopathy, showing a prevalence of 50%. Cervical radiculopathy was more prevalent among males than females. There was a difference (P < 0.05) in neck disability according to a special test.

Conclusion:

This study provides evidence for the prevalence of cervical radiculopathy among IT professionals with neck pain with a positive correlation with gender and working hours per day.
Evaluation of color changes produced by different bleaching techniques on stained two different ceramic materials
Authors: Razeen Hadeer Magdy , Shakal Mahmoud A A , El-dessouky Radwa A
Published: December 2023

Objective

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the color changes produced by different bleaching techniques on two different stained ceramic materials.

Material and methods

The total 40 specimens of IPS e.max and shofu were stained by immersing in coffee 30 min daily for 14 days and color assessment was done by spectrophotometer, then the specimens were divided into two subgroups according to the bleaching technique home bleaching (white smile) and office bleaching (pola office), the bleaching was done according to manufacturer instruction for pola office: an adequate thickness of the bleaching agent by the brush was applied for 8 min. This procedure was repeated for 3 times. And for home bleaching (white smile): specimens were placed in the mold to receive home bleaching agent by immersion 60 min daily for 6 days. Then the color was assessed after bleaching procedure to determine the changes. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test and Correlation analysis.

Results

Shofu recorded higher staining affinity with mean value 6.72 ± 2.33 than (IPS) e.max group with mean value 4.92 ± 2.08. For bleaching: Shofu HC group home bleaching group recorded higher bleaching affinity with mean value 7.86 ± 1.93 whereas shofu office bleaching group recorded mean value 6.04 ± 0.65. As for e.max home bleaching group recorded also higher ∆ E with mean value 5.68 ± 0.86 whereas e.max office bleaching group recorded mean value 4.37 ± 1.01. And a strong relation was recorded between ∆E1 and ∆E2 in all groups as r greater than 0.5.

Conclusion

Shofu HC and IPS e.max showed affinity to staining but Shofu HC showed higher stain ability than IPS e.max, Office and home bleaching techniques affected the color of both ceramics materials and home bleaching showed higher significant difference. And Shofu HC showed higher color change after home and office bleaching than IPS e.max.
Evaluation of the effects of concentrated growth factors membrane on wound healing following gingivectomy and gingivoplasty operations: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Badr Ahmed Mohamed , Shady Tamer Elamer Abo , el Din Sherouk Mohamed Mohamed Gamal
Published: December 2023

Aim

This study aims to evaluate the effects of concentrated growth factors (CGF) membrane application on initial wound healing after gingivectomy and gingivoplasty surgeries.

Methods and materials

20 patients with gingival enlargement who need gingivectomy or gingivoplasty surgery were selected to participate in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups of 10 patients each. Group-1 (Control group): where the gingivectomy sites were covered by a non-eugenol periodontal pack. Group-2 (Test group): were covered by the CGF membrane under the non-eugenol periodontal pack, postoperatively. Assessment of postoperative pain for both groups was recorded using the Visual Analog Scale for a period of 7 days. Laundry healing index, papillary bleeding index, and gingival index (GI) were also assessed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days postoperatively.

Results

All patients experienced a decrease in postoperative pain throughout the study evaluation period, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05), except for days 3 and 4, where there were statistically significant differences in favor of the test group (P < 0.05). On days 7 and 21, there was no difference in the healing index, but on days 14 and 28, there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The Papillary bleeding index (PBI) and gingival index of the two analyzed groups improved during the research period. At 21 days, the intergroup comparison showed a significant difference in PBI between the two studied groups (P > 0.05) in favor of the study group.

Conclusion

CGF membrane improved wound healing and reduced postoperative pain following gingivectomy or gingivoplasty surgery.
Marginal accuracy of lithium di-silicate monolithic veneers fabricated by different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing systems
Authors: Saad-Allah Tarek A. A. , Kamel Mohamed S. M. , Magdy Sherif
Published: December 2023

Introduction

The importance of precise marginal fit has been confirmed in many studies The increased marginal gap may lead to many unwanted side effects which affects fixed prosthodontics longevity and underling tooth integrity so several studies have investigated the effect of scanning and milling process of computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and its relation to the marginal adaptation of resulting restorations.

Aim

The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the Marginal Accuracy of lithium di-silicate Monolithic Veneers when they are milled by Different CAD/CAM systems.

Materials and methods

A maxillary ready-made scannable model containing central incisor tooth with laminate veneer preparation was used to generate the design of the virtual master die and using CEREC in lab software the final design of the laminate veneer restoration was made and then was exported to the 2 tested milling machines MCX5 and Ceramill motion 2, the milled monolithic lithium di-silicate veneers was then cemented to their corresponding three-dimensional printed dies and was examined under Digital microscope for values of vertical marginal gap.

Results

There was statistically significant difference in marginal gaP values between the two studied groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Veneers produced by both milling machines were with clinically acceptable marginal adaptation greater than 120 µm, However there was statistically significant difference in the vertical marginal gap values of the produced veneer between the two test groups CEREC MCX5 and Amangerbach Ceramill motion 2, with CEREC MCX5 milling machine having the advantage of milling veneer restoration with better marginal adaptation and less vertical marginal gap values.
Efficient SDN-based Task offloading in fog-assisted cloud environment
Authors: Dash Bibhuti Bhusan , Satpathy Rabinarayan , Patra Sudhansu Shekar
Published: December 2023

A distributed computing model called "fog computing" provides cloud-like services which is closer to end devices, and is rapidly gaining popularity. It offers cloud-like computing including storage capabilities, but with less latency and bandwidth requirements, thereby improving the computation capabilities of IoT devices and mobile nodes. In addition, fog computing offers advantages such as support for context awareness, scalability, dependability, and node mobility. Fog computing is frequently used to offload tasks from end devices' applications, enabling quicker execution utilizing the fog nodes' capabilities. Because of the changing nature of the fog environment, task offloading is challenging and the multiple QoS criteria that depend on the type of application being used. This article proposes an SDN-based offloading technique to optimize the task offloading technique for scheduling and processing activities generated by the Internet of Space Things (IoST) devices. The proposed technique utilizes Software-Defined Networking (SDN) optimization to dynamically manage network resources and to facilitate the deployment and execution of offloaded tasks. To model the system which computes the optimal virtual machines (VM) to be allocated in the fog network in order to actively process the offloaded tasks, the GI/G/r queueing model is utilised. This approach minimizes the delay-sensitive task queue and minimises the necessary number of VMs while minimising the waiting time for the fog layer. The findings of the simulation are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.
A rigidity result for the product of spheres
Authors: Ho Pak Tung
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we prove a rigidity result for the product metric on the product of spheres
$S^1\times S^{n-1}$
.
Preoperative, technical, and postoperative considerations for skull base reconstruction: a practical review of critical concepts
Authors: Phillips K M , Turner M T , Kuan E C
Published: December 2023

Despite widespread adoption and advances in endoscopic skull base surgery, with expanding indications and the ability to effectively treat larger and more complex pathologies, skull base reconstruction following tumor resection and prevention of cerebrospinal fluid leak remains a challenge for even the most seasoned of surgical teams. Mounting evidence in all areas have pushed our understanding of skull base reconstruction principles forward. In this narrative review, we summarize critical concepts and provide practical but comprehensive guiding principles on preoperative, intraoperative/technical, and postoperative management principles related to optimizing skull base reconstructive success. The goal is to provide an informative resource for skull base surgeons (both otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons) to reference regarding state-of-the-art evidence surrounding this ever-evolving topic.
Dual primary gastric and colorectal cancer: A complex challenge in surgical oncology
Authors: Marano Luigi
Published: December 2023

The intricate interplay of colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC) as dual primary malignancies presents a significant challenge in surgical oncology. CRC is the most common secondary malignancy in GC patients, and vice versa, evidence highlighted by advances in diagnostic procedures and therapy modalities that impact patient survival. A recent study titled “Features of synchronous and metachronous dual primary gastric and colorectal cancer” explores this enigmatic dual malignancy, uncovering crucial insights into the clinical characteristics and prognostic distinctions between synchronous and metachronous presentations. Notably, metachronous cases with a second primary cancer discovered more than six months after the first diagnosis have a better outcome, emphasizing the importance of early detection and treatment. This study underscores the prognostic role of GC stage in patient outcomes. It also sheds light on the complexities faced by synchronous cases, often presenting with unresectable CRC. Surgery-related procedures, like gastrectomy and colon resection, stand out as important predictors of increased survival, necessitating a reevaluation of current therapeutic approaches. A tailored and patient-centered strategy, considering the health of each patient individually and the feasibility of radical treatments, is essential. Continuous follow-up and monitoring are crucial as most second primary cancers arise within five years. In conclusion, early diagnosis, surgical intervention, and watchful surveillance are pivotal in managing dual primary gastric and colorectal cancer patients. Since the incidence of gastric and colorectal cancers continues to rise, the imperative need for further research, ideally with larger sample sizes, becomes evident in our pursuit of comprehensive insights that will refine clinical approaches for this intricate dual malignancy.
Transient receptor potential-related risk model predicts prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Mei Xiao-Cai , Chen Qian , Zuo Shi
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) protein family shape oncogenic development, but the specific relevance of TRP-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has yet to be defined.

AIM

To investigate the role of TRP genes in HCC, their association with HCC development and treatment was examined.

METHODS

HCC patient gene expression and clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression models were employed to explore the TRP-related risk spectrum. Based on these analyses, clinically relevant TRP family genes were selected, and the association between the key TRP canonical type 1 (TRPC1) gene and HCC patient prognosis was evaluated.

RESULTS

In total, 28 TRP family genes were screened for clinical relevance, with multivariate analyses ultimately revealing three of these genes (TRPC1, TRP cation channel subfamily M member 2, and TRP cation channel subfamily M member 6) to be significantly associated with HCC patient prognosis (P < 0.05). These genes were utilized to establish a TRP-related risk model. Patients were separated into low- and high-risk groups based on the expression of these genes, and high-risk patients exhibited a significantly poorer prognosis (P = 0.001). Functional analyses highlighted pronounced differences in the immune status of patients in these two groups and associated enriched immune pathways. TRPC1 was identified as a candidate gene in this family worthy of further study, with HCC patients expressing higher TRPC1 levels exhibiting poorer survival outcomes. Consistently, quantitative, immunohistochemistry, and western blot analyses revealed increased TRPC1 expression in HCC.

CONCLUSION

These three TRP genes help determine HCC patient prognosis, providing insight into tumor immune status and immunological composition. These findings will help design combination therapies including immunotherapeutic and anti-TRP agents.
The State of Systems Engineering Adoption in the Automotive Industry
Authors: O'Neil Anne
Published: December 2023

Growing levels of complexity and integration coupled with the current period of
automotive innovation are necessitating the adoption of Systems approaches and
Systems Engineering (SE) practices. For the automotive industry to navigate this
transformative period successfully, we need Systems approaches to bridge all
elements of vehicle development and engage and align all parts of the business.
Yet, the industry has lagged in comprehensive SE adoption, persistently
retaining organizational silos and outdated paradigms for vehicle design
development teams. It still structures itself around physical components of
vehicles, despite having the significant majority of functionality and features
derived from software and communications.

The State of Systems Engineering Adoption in the Automotive Industry
captures the unresolved aspects of more comprehensively adopting Systems
approaches and practices and seeks to enable industry leaders to more
effectively navigate the complexity and integration challenges faced during this
unprecedented period of disruptive innovation and change.

Click
here to access the full SAE EDGETM
Research Report portfolio.
Standard for Preparing a DMSMS Management Plan
Authors:   APMC Avionics Process Management
Published: December 2023

This standard defines the requirements used by the Plan owner to develop a DMSMS Management Plan, hereinafter referred to as the Plan. The requirement to develop a DMSMS Management Plan could come from a number of different sources, such as a contractual or customer requirement or a desire by the Plan owner to document their standard process. The process described in the Plan is intended to mitigate DMSMS risks and resolve DMSMS issues on ADHP equipment provided by the Plan owner.

Development of a plan that conforms to the technical requirements detailed in Section 3 ensures that the Plan owner meets the requirement of a DMSMS, or obsolescence management plan, required by industry standards, government regulations, and/or other contractual flow-down requirements, such as:

a

EIA-STD-4899, Standard for Preparing an Electronic Components Management Plan

b

AS5553, Counterfeit Electronic Parts; Avoidance, Detection, Mitigation, and Disposition

c

DFARS 252.246-7007, Contractor Counterfeit Electronic Part Detection and Avoidance System

The terms DMSMS and obsolescence are both used in industry and are very similar, though not identical (see 2.3). However, from a process management perspective, obsolescence and DMSMS both contain the same basic elements, as shown in Figure 1, and since this standard focuses on process requirements, in this document the terms are considered interchangeable.
Evaluation of Lupus Cases Related to TNF Inhibitors in Children
Authors: Türkmen Şeyma , Gerenli Nelgin , Sözeri Betül
Published: December 2023

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) due to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents is a rare entity. We reported three cases who developed lupus-like syndrome while receiving infliximab therapy for various reasons. All cases demonstrated clinical and laboratory findings of SLE. And all of them needed treatment. We would like to emphasize that the risk of anti-TNF-alpha-induced lupus should be kept in mind in patients receiving anti-TNF therapy for any reason.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Kampung Chicken Carcasses
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Rahayu Winiati P. , Sanjaya Stephen
Published: December 2023

Kampung chicken meats have been widely consumed in Indonesia as well as broiler chicken. However, the extensive rearing allowed multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria exposure to kampung chicken, including through horizontal gene transfer. This study aimed to observe the correlation between the phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella spp. isolated from kampung chicken carcasses. Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer's disk diffusion method, while the detection of drug resistance genes in seventeen isolates of Salmonella was carried out by PCR. All (17/17) isolates were susceptible to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Most isolates of Salmonella were resistant to erythromycin (82%; 14/17), while the decreased susceptibility (intermediate category) most occurred in oxytetracycline (82%; 14/17). Salmonella Typhimurium showed a resistance pattern to more antimicrobial groups than S. Newport and S. Weltevreden. Several antimicrobial resistance genes (blaTEM, tetG, cmlA, gyrA) were present in all (17/17) isolates of Salmonella spp. Resistance to antimicrobial agents and the presence of resistance genes were not always related. This study could provide beneficial information regarding the transmission of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella spp. from kampung chickens.
Salt and Heat Stress Trigger Morpho-Physiological Changes, Antioxidant Enzyme and Secondary Metabolites Gene Expression in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Ubaidillah Mohammad , Rozzita Noor , Mufadilah Mitha Aprilia , Thamrin Nurhaliza , Puspito Agung Nugroho , Kim Kyung Min
Published: December 2023

Climate change significantly increases salt and heat stress in rice plants. This condition causes plants to activate antioxidant enzymes and produce secondary metabolites. This study aimed to determine the morpho-physiological changes and gene expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes and secondary metabolites. This study used a completely randomized design factorial. The first factor was local rice varieties (IR64, Silaun, and Cigeulis), and the second factor was stress treatments (control, NaCl 150 mM, 40°C, and NaCl 150 mM + 40°C). The results showed that multiple stress significantly affected the plant height, stem length, stem diameter, leaf area, root length, total main root, plant biomass, necrotic length, chlorophyll content, relative water content, and plant ROS production. Multiple stress could up-regulate the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn SOD, Cytosolic APX, OsAPX1, CAT, OsCATA, and GPOD) in rice after stress combination treatments and increase the secondary metabolites gene expression (P5CS and GABA-T)  in all rice varieties. Still, the OsNOMT  gene was only active in the Cigeulis variety.
Naringin Effect on SARS-CoV-2 Pseudovirus Entry and Spike Mediated Syncytia Formation in hACE2-overexpressing Cells
Authors: Septisetyani Endah Puji , Prasetyaningrum Pekik Wiji , Paramitasari Komang Alit , Suyoko Ahmad , Himawan Alayna Lillahida Indri , Azzahra Salsabila , Wisnuwardhani Popi Hadi , Anam Khairul , Ramadani Ratna Dwi , Santoso Adi , Ningrum Ratih Asmana , Herawati Neng , Rubiyana Yana
Published: December 2023

A molecular docking study demonstrates the interaction between naringin, a citrus flavonoid, with SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD. Nevertheless, in vitro investigation of the inhibitory effect of naringin on SARS-CoV-2 entry and syncytia models has yet to be carried out. We synthesized VSV∆G-GFP/Spike* pseudovirus (PSV) as a SARS-CoV-2 model by pseudotyping VSV∆G-GFP/S* in BHK-21 cells overexpressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. In the SARS-CoV-2 PSV entry assay, we utilized CHO-K1 cells transfected with hACE2 plasmid, which were then treated with naringin and SARS-CoV-2 PSV/naringin. After 16-18 h incubation, PSV internalization represented by the GFP signal was observed under a fluorescence microscope. Immunofluorescence staining was also performed to probe the SARS-CoV-2 spike and confirm the PSV entry. We performed a syncytia assay using 293T cells co-transfected with SARS-CoV-2 spike/hACE2. Six hours after transfection, the cells were treated with naringin and incubated for another 16-18 hours. Then, we observed syncytia using a phase contrast microscope. Based on fluorescence foci quantification, the results indicated that naringin might inhibit SARS-CoV-2 PSV entry at a concentration of 100 µM (P<0.05). However, naringin did not prevent syncytia formation compared to solvent control. These PSV entry and syncytia assay results suggested that naringin potentially inhibited SARS-CoV-2 viral infection but not cell-to-cell viral transmission.
Genetic Variability of the Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) Populations in Urban Habitat in Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Ruhama Maya , Saepuloh Uus , Rizaldi  , Perwitasari-Farajallah Dyah
Published: December 2023

The long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is a primate species recognized for its exceptional ability to adapt to urban habitat. However, urban anthropogenic activities contribute to the fragmentation of macaque natural habitat, affecting genetic variation among distinct populations. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the genetic variability of M. fascicularis populations in Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia. A total of 70 fecal samples from the wild long-tailed macaques in Gunung Padang (GPD), Gunung Meru (GMR), and Gunung Pangilun (GPG) were collected using a non-invasive method. Conventional PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing were conducted to examine a 1,200-bp mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragment in the D-loop region. The analysis of genetic variation showed that only two haplotypes were present in the three populations. Both GPD and GMR shared the same haplotype (H1), while the GPG population had a distinct haplotype (H2). No intrapopulation variation was observed, and haplotype differences were found in ten nucleotide sites with transition substitution mutations. These results showed limited genetic variation among populations of the long-tailed macaque in Padang, thereby providing valuable insights for stakeholders when formulating genetic conservation policies.
Settling Digital Divide on Students of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki-Nigeria
Authors: Nwele Anamelechi , Ezekwe Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

The study on the implications of digital divide on Students of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, was carried out to determine the level of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) knowledge and access among the students in the system. Previous studies carried out in the developed nations such as United States of American, United Kingdom, and Canada and alike had shown that innovative use of ICT facilities has the potentials to effect students teaching/learning.  However, literature search of similar studies in the developing nations of the world seems scanty.  In order to have a good foundation upon which the study rests, technological determinism theory as propounded by Lievrouw and Livingstone (2006) was adopted. The major interest of the theory is to elucidate the irresistible power of ICT to propel human actions socially and economically for development. Flowing from the assumption of the theory and its focus, the implication of digital divide on students in Nigerian University emerged. The study adopted content analysis approach and reviewing of extent literature.  Consequently, the study recommended repositioning the online teaching/learning among students of Ebonyi State University should be made a priority to increase ICT knowledge and access
Transnational Security Threats and Border Management: A Study of Cross-Border Crime Challenges at the Nigeria-Niger Border
Authors: Gana Idrees , Adamu Ogaji , Zakariya'u Muhammad
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the complex dynamics of transnational security threats and the corresponding border management strategies at the Nigeria-Niger border, with a focus on cross-border crime challenges. The overarching theoretical framework employed in this research is the Theory of Transnationalism, which emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of countries in the contemporary global context. The study draws on a rich body of secondary data from various sources, including academic publications, government reports, international organizations, and non-governmental organizations. These sources provide insights into the multifaceted nature of cross-border crimes such as human trafficking, drug smuggling, arms proliferation, and terrorism, which have the potential to destabilize both Nigeria and Niger and have far-reaching consequences for the broader West African region. The analysis of the data reveals the intricacies of cross-border criminal networks, highlighting the role of porous borders, economic disparities, and political instability in facilitating criminal activities. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of a comprehensive understanding of transnational security threats and the vital role of effective border management in addressing them. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on border security in the context of transnationalism and offer valuable insights for policymakers, security agencies, and international organizations working to combat cross-border crime and enhance regional stability in West Africa.
X Ban and its Effects on Nigeria’s Political and Economic Development
Authors: Idowu Samuel , Fadairo Oluwaseun
Published: December 2023

X is an essential platform for information exchange, marketing customer services and remote work, especially during public health and safety emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic making its ban in Nigeria impossible not to affect a wide spectrum of its subscribers and slow commerce, cut productivity and ultimately jobs losses aside from the internal and external political implications that accompanied it as well. Hence, the paper’s objective is to ascertain the extent to which the X ban affected Nigerian political and economic development using the lens of small and medium scales enterprises (SMEs).Lagos state and computer village, renown for computer, mobile phones and other digital enabling devices in the sub-national unit of Nigeria, the business nerve center of the country, was selected as focus for the study because of the appropriateness of its features. Thedescriptive survey design was adopted for the research and the findings revealed that the suspension adversely affected Nigeria’s political and economic development as it breached Nigerians’ human right to expression, stained the country’s national image, devastate the e-commerce businesses such as lowering profits and cut jobs which increases unemployment rate. The study recommends that the government should improve on human rights respect, and explore alternative dispute resolution measures while X embraces adherence to national operational rules and laws amongst others.
Biological Aspects of Preferred Fish Species in White Volta at Pwalugu, Ghana: A pre-impoundment Study
Authors: Akongyuure D. N. , Adakpeya M. A , Alhassan E. H
Published: December 2023

The socio-economic benefits derived from impounding rivers are extremely important but the ecological imbalances that are usually created in the process can be devastating. It is therefore imperative to understand some aspects of the biology of fishes before the impoundment of a river. This study was conducted to assess the length-weight relationship, condition factor, feeding, and reproductive ecology of fish species with high local market value. Biometric measurements were obtained from monthly samples of fish at two sites. Specimens were transported to the laboratory for gut and gonad analyses. Auchenoglanis occidentalis, Marcussenius senegalensis and Heterobranchus bidorsalis were the most preferred fish species. All three fish species recorded ‘b’ values less than 3 which implies they exhibited a negative allometric growth. Their condition factors (K) indicated they were in good health since K values were greater than 1. A. occidentalis and H. bidorsalis demonstrated a feeding habit comparable to that of an omnivore, whilst M. senegalensis presented a feeding habit that implied it was an invertivore. M. senegalensis registered the uppermost mean gonado-somatic index (GSI) (2.14 ± 0.83) whereas the highest mean fecundity (495 ± 450.96) was noted in A. occidentalis. This study contributed bio-ecological baseline information about the ichthyofauna prior to the damming of the reservoir in the Pwalugu area of the White Volta.
Evaluation of Serum Anticardiolipin Antibodies and D-dimer in Recipients of COVID-19 Vaccines in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Odewusi O. O. , Dodo J. J. , Omotayo F. E. , Obadire S. O. , Omon E. A. , Oguntuase M. O. , Alake O. A.
Published: December 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifests itself in a variety of ways, implying a wide range of host autoimmune responses which could lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation. This study was designed to evaluate serum anticardiolipin antibodies and D-dimer in recipients of COVID 19 vaccines in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study population comprised sixteen (16) fully vaccinated subjects, fifteen (15) partially vaccinated subjects and fifteen (15) unvaccinated subjects (control). Anticardiolipin antibodies and D-dimer were analyzed using ELISA. D-dimer and anticardiolipin antibodies were significantly higher in fully and partially vaccinated subjects compared to control (p<0.05). D-dimer and anticardiolipin were insignificantly higher in fully vaccinated subjects compared to partially vaccinated subjects (p>0.05). Anticardiolipin and D-dimer were significantly higher in recipients of mRNA vaccines compared to viral vector vaccines (p<0.05). This study discovered that recipients of the COVID-19 immunization have a higher risk of developing antiphospholipid syndrome due to increased anticardiolipin. If disseminated intravascular coagulations is present and its complications are not adequately handled, this could become more serious