bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning Computations for Routing in a Software-Defined Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Prof. Dr. Manar Y. Kashmola Omar S. Almolaa,
Published: May 2021

The need for reliable and flexible wireless networks has significantly increased in recent years, according to the growing reliance of an enormous number of devices on these networks to establish communications and access service. Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) allow the wireless network to establish communications without the need for infrastructure by allowing the nodes to deliver each other’s packets to their destination. Such networks increased flexibility but require more-complex routing methods. In this study, we proposed a new routing method, based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), that distributes the computations in a Software Defined Network (SDN) controller and the nodes, so that, no redundant computations are executed in the nodes to save the limited resources available on these nodes. The proposed method has been able to significantly increase the lifetime of the network, while maintaining a high Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) and throughput. The results also show that the End-to-End delay of the proposed method is slightly larger than existing routing methods, according to the need for longer alternative routes to balance the loading among the nodes of the MANET.
Hybrid Clustering and Routing Algorithm for Node Performance Improvement in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Chetan Kumar Gopal Ram,
Published: May 2021

These days Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have been used in various Internet of Things (IoT) applications viz., healthcare monitoring, disaster management, smart buildings, smart farming etc. it is one of the substitutes for solving distinct problems of IoT in various areas. This paper proposed a hybrid clustering and routing algorithm. We develop a simulation area for node movement and communication. A hybrid clustering and routing (HCR) protocol proposed for reliable and efficient data collection in large-scale wireless sensor network. Theoretical analysis and simulation results will prove the connectivity and efficiency of the network topology generated by HCR.
Augmented Reality Mobile Application as Learning Media in Science Subject for the Post Gen Z Generation
Authors: Et al. Feryanto
Published: May 2021

The total population of Indonesia as of September 2020 is based on the official statistical news number 07/01/th. XXIV, 21 January 2021 issued by the Indonesian Statistics Center, totaling 270.20 million people and 10.88% or 29,397,760 people are the post Gen Z generation born from 2013 onwards with an estimated age up to 7 years of age. The post Gen Z generation is a generation that is categorized as early childhood. Moreover, learning from an early age is important so that children are familiarized with the knowledge they are most interested in and mastered so that it makes it easier for them to understand it. Especially if the learning material is delivered electronically via a smartphone which is associated with the application of the Augmented Reality (AR) method so that they are more interested in learning and with a different atmosphere in terms of delivering face-to-face subject matter in class which is sometimes boring. In this paper, we design and implement a learning model equipped with AR technology to make it easier for young children to learn subject matter that is important for their future and limited to science subject matter. In this paper, a mobile application with AR technology is proposed where users can learn from the images they capture and gain learning from the perspective of these images. What's more, the application of AR technology is also more practical and reduces the burden of carrying heavy and thick books in studying a subject matter. The model was designed using a use case diagram as a business process design and class diagrams for database design including the user interface as a representation of communication between users and applications.
Student Engagement as the Factor of Math Mastery in University: The Relationship Between Social Factor and Learning Practices
Authors: Et al. Nora’asikin Abu Bakar
Published: May 2021

The main aim of math teaching at the higher level is to form students’ competency to prepare them for other courses that require mathematical skills and professional task solving. The challenge today is to develop student engagement in math learning. Thus, this study examined the relationship between social factors, student learning practices, and student engagement in math learning. A survey through questionnaires was distributed to 284 bachelor's degree students at a private university in Malaysia. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and Structured Equation Modeling were applied. The results obtained revealed that there were significant relationships between: a) teaching practices and attentive listening, note-taking, working on in-class problems, b) peer influence and attentive listening, c) parental involvement and working on in-class problems, and the amount of homework completed. The results also show that seating location, attentive listening, note-taking, working on in-class problems, and homework completion have a significant relationship with student engagement in math learning.
Decision Planning in Agricultural Production to Achieve a Green Economy in Mae Faek Sub-District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
Authors: Et al. Kamontip Panyasit
Published: May 2021

The research aims to study decision making using producing factors under the concept of green economy to enhance the community’s economic sustainability for 250 agricultural households who grow glutinous rice, animal feed maize and potato in an area of 2,500 Rai in Mae-Faek Mai Sub-District, Sansai District, Chiang Mai Province. The study employs the Fuzzy Analysis Hierarchical Process (FAHP) together with Multi-goal and Multi-Period Linear Programming. The results reveal that growing in-season glutinous rice alternating with potato is the most appropriate way to increase net revenue and to decrease the amount of greenhouse emission, followed by growing in-season glutinous rice alternating with animal feed maize as this helps income stability when drought occurs.  In contrast, growing in-season glutinous rice alternating with off-season glutinous rice is not only affected by a lack of water resources, but also increases the amount of greenhouse gas from the growing process.
Finding a Solution to the Problem "Low level of Scientific for Some Students in the High Schools", Using Hypermedia Technology online
Authors: Wissam Ali Hussein Salman Ali Nazar Majeed Al Amery,
Published: May 2021

The development of educational tools is a very important target, encourage us to seek methods to improve and increase student education level.  In this paper, the method to keep pace with the developments in technology is discussed and investigated in this field. On the other hand, it has compatibility with teaching methods in general, by using hypermedia technology to improve the student education level in preparatory school. This study is on the theoretical approach to specify and design the suggested prototype, ten schools randomly had been chosen in Karbala governorate as a sample within the boundaries spatial of study, select criteria prototype's work, because of it cannot replace the teacher, made a questionnaire for choosing schools which are covered in this work domain in prototype.
Students’ Thinking Process in Solving Abstraction Problems in Mathematics: A Case Study on Limited Test of Development Research Instrument
Authors: Ade Andriani Izwita Dewi, Nurhasanah Siregar,
Published: May 2021

Abstraction is an activity performed in daily life and the ability needs to be developed, especially in mathematics learning. The information on how students solve problems is important for teachers to consider the strategies to use in helping the students. This research was carried out due to the answers’ variations discovered in abstraction problems. Therefore, it aimed to investigate students' thinking processes in solving problems. The research was a combination of the Sequential Explanatory Design model that used both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods, while the subjects used were 33 students of seventh grade. The result showed guessing and drawing was used to solve the abstraction problems, but only one student employed patterns and pictures in the process. Consequently, training students on critical thinking skills utilization to solve abstraction problems easily was suggested in mathematics learning.
Deprem Bölgesinde Bulunan Mevcut Bir Tank Yapısının Geoteknik Değerlendirmesi
Authors: ESELLER-BAYAT Esra Ece , DENİZ Onur
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışma TBDY 2018, uluslararası standartları ve literatürdeki çalışmaları esas alarak deprem bölgesinde bulunan mevcut bir tank yapısının deprem yükleri altında geoteknik değerlendirmesini sunmaktadır. Sahada sıvılaşma potansiyeli bulunması ve kayma mukavemeti düşük 35 m'den kalın kil tabakalarının mevcut olması sebebiyle zaman tanım alanında doğrusal olmayan boşluk suyu basıncı modelleri kullanılarak ve kullanılmadan sahaya özel zemin davranış analizleri ayrı ayrı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Zemin yumuşaması ve sıvılaşmasının doğal bir izolatör gibi davranarak yüzey ivmelerini ciddi oranda sönümlediği gözlemlenmiş, ancak serbest sahada yüksek mertebelerde yanal yer değiştirmelere (2.0-2.3 m) ve düşey oturmalara (58-128 cm) sebebiyet verdiği tahmin edilmiştir. Tank yapısı temelinde oluşacak farklı oturmanın yaklaşık en fazla 70-80 cm, en düşük ise 5-10 cm mertebelerinde olduğu tahmin edilmekte ve boru bağlantılarında bu yer değiştirme farkının göz önünde bulundurulması önerilmektedir. Üst yapıdan gelecek olan atalet (ilave deprem) yükleri altında tank yapısı tabanında ve geogritli dolgu altında taşıma gücü ve tabanda kayma kontrolleri yapılmış ve güvenli bulunmuştur.
Ongoing “bernhardisation”: Alexander Schimmelbusch’s novel“Murau Identity” (Die Murau Identität, 2014)
Authors: Novikova Svetlana
Published: May 2021

For the first time in German literature studies the article examines the novel “Murau Identity” (“Die Murau Identität”, 2014) by Alexander Schimmelbusch (1975) entirely devoted to the oeuvre and public figure of Thomas Bernhard (1931-1989), one of the most important authors in the Austrian literature of the 20th century. The article deals with the representation of Bernhard’s literary style and his public mask in the Schimmelbusch’s novel. Special attention is given to the Schimmelbusch’s interpretation of the characteristic stylistic, narratological, and semantic constants of Bernhardian works. In the article we reveal two main forms of the Bernhardian word’s representation in the novel: parody and stylization. They correspond with two different narrative plans – first person narratives, one of which belongs to the journalist-character, the other one – to the publisher-character. The detailed analysis of the Schimmelbusch’s novel helps to complement the picture of the creative reception of Bernhard’s works in the 21st century.
THE TIME SPIRAL AND IRREVERSIBILITY IN TOM MCCARTHY’S NOVELS
Authors: Tausneva Alexandra S.
Published: May 2021

The article examines the work of the contemporary English writer Tom McCarthy in the framework of the original author’s concept of time and space. Based on observations about the consonance of McCarthy’s postmodern novels “Remainder” (2005), “C” (2010), and “Satin Island”(2015) and the entropy systems theory, as well as certain philosophical concepts of postmodernism (“Mobius strip”, ellipse, ruin), the conclusion is made about the conjugation of the personal and the cosmic. The cyclical nature of the plot episodes in McCarthy’s novels is associated with the idea of the character’s involvement in the processes of world disintegration and total irreversibility, being in a loop, in atemporal space, in the entropy funnel of time. The traumatized “Self” of the main character symbolizes the universal trauma of infinite non-anthropological time. McCarthy’s work significantly develops images, compositional and narrative tools, associated with non-linearity and fragmentation, which are characteristic for modernist and postmodernist writing (Joyce, Faulkner, Rob-Grillet, Pynchon). Cyclicity in McCarthy’s postmodern art is no longer associated with absolute mythological time and “everyday cyclic time” (Bakhtin), but with the “temporality of the accelerated cycle” (Baudrillard), with some loss, disintegration, “ellipse” (Derrida), with an endless spiral like a shell. The McCarthy’s cyclicity appears as a repetition, which cuts off the road to the future.
BOOKS ON OBLIVION AND FORGETTING
Authors: Dzhumaylo Olga A.
Published: May 2021

The article gives an overview of scholar publications devoted to the phenomenon of oblivion and forgetting, including the monograph by K. Albano “Memory, Forgetting and the Moving Image “(2016), the book by F. O’Gorman “Forgetfulness. Making the Modern Culture of Amnesia” (2017), as well as the recently published study of the phenomenon of forgetting in contemporary digital culture by K. Eichhorn “The End of Forgetting: Growing Up with Social Media” (2019). The general tendencies of considering oblivion and forgetting in close connection with various categories of cross-disciplinary knowledge, including memory, narrative, identity, trauma, affect, historical past, etc., are outlined. The social, cultural, and political aspects of oblivion are brought up on a variety of material in the context of reflections on “memory politics”, ideological filters, memory erosion, and disremembering. Recent research has focused on everyday cultural practices of oblivion. In the works addressed to digital culture, the issue of the right to be forgotten is put forward.
“THE COLLECTIVE LAPSE INTO DEMENTIA IS AN UNREMITTING SOURCE FOR THE ARTIST”
Authors: Nistratov Valery , Maksimova Ekaterina
Published: May 2021

Valery Nistratov is a documentary photographer, one of the most famous representatives of Russian art-documentary photography working with “The New York Times”, “The Guardian”, “Newsweek”, “Le Monde”, and other media. He teaches at the Rodchenko Moscow School of Photography and Multimedia. He is the author of the books “Risse im Patriarchat. Frauen in Afghanistan” (2003), “Forest-steppe” (2008), “Title Nation” (2011), and “Lost Horizon trilogy” (2017). In this issue of P&I Valery Nistratov talks about how the world of photography is penetrated by a new ethic, while Russian everyday life is imbued with a chthonic stuff. Interview by Ekaterina Maksimova.
MOVEMENT AS THE BASIS OF IMAGERY STRUCTURE OF SAMUEL BECKETT’S “MOLLOY”
Authors: Chernyshev Ilya N.
Published: May 2021

The paper takes a look at movement as a unifying theme for imagery structure of the novel “Molloy” (1951) written by the classic of modernist writing Samuel Beckett. The analysis of imagery allows us to explain its particular meaning and to show a connection between persistent travelling of the main characters, and their feeling of despair, which comes from their inability to make any sense and description of the world. In this context the existential issues, such as impotence, futility, abandonment, and disintegration of body and mind, become especially meaningful. Meanwhile, impotence could be viewed as a source of vital forces for the protagonists. It drives them to their goals. At the same time, their desire for independence turns to the need of keeping on the move.
Social Inclusion and Immunisation
Authors: Tull Kerina
Published: May 2021

The current COVID-19 epidemic is both a health and societal issue; therefore, groups historically excluded and marginalised in terms of healthcare will suffer if COVID-19 vaccines, tests, and treatments are to be delivered equitably. This rapid review is exploring the social and cultural challenges related to the roll-out, distribution, and access of COVID-19 vaccines, tests, and treatments. It highlights how these challenges impact certain marginalised groups. Case studies are taken from sub-Saharan Africa (the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa), with some focus on South East Asia (Indonesia, India) as they have different at-risk groups. Lessons on this issue can be learned from previous pandemics and vaccine roll-out in low- and mid-income countries (LMICs). Key points to highlight include successful COVID-19 vaccine roll-out will only be achieved by ensuring effective community engagement, building local vaccine acceptability and confidence, and overcoming cultural, socio-economic, and political barriers that lead to mistrust and hinder uptake of vaccines. However, the literature notes that a lot of lessons learned about roll-out involve communication - including that the government should under-promise what it can do and then over-deliver. Any campaign must aim to create trust, and involve local communities in planning processes.
Review of National Social Protection Strategies
Authors: Orrnert Anna
Published: May 2021

This helpdesk report reviews ten national social protection strategies (published between 2011-2019) in order to map their content, scope, development processes and measures of success. Each strategy was strongly shaped by its local context (e.g. how social development was defined, development priorities and existing capacity and resources) but there were also many observed similarities (e.g. shared values, visions for social protection). The search focused on identifying strategies with a strong social assistance remit from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Sub-Sarahan African and South and South-East Asian regions1 (Latin America was deemed out of scope due the advanced nature of social protection there). Examples from Sub-Saharan Africa are most widely available. Few examples are available from the MENA region2 – it may be that such strategies do not currently exist, that potential strategy development process are in more nascent stages or that those strategies that do exist are not accessible in English. A limitation of this review is that it has not been able to review strategies in other languages. The strategies reviewed in this report are from Bangladesh (2015), Cambodia (2011), Ethiopia (2012), Jordan (2019), Kenya (2011), Lesotho (2014), Liberia (2013), Rwanda (2011), Uganda (2015) and Zambia (2014). The content of this report focuses primarily on the information from these strategies. Where appropriate, it also includes information from secondary sources about other strategies where those original strategies could not be found (e.g. Saudi Arabia’s NSDS).
COVID-19, Governance, and Conflict: Emerging Impacts and Future Evidence Needs
Authors: Herbert Siân , Marquette Heather
Published: May 2021

This paper reviews emerging evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on governance and conflict, using a “governance and conflict first” approach in contrast to other research and synthesis on COVID-19 in the social sciences that tends to be structured through a public health lens. It largely focuses on evidence on low- and middle-income countries but also includes a number of examples from high-income countries, reflecting the global nature of the crisis. It is organised around four cross-cutting themes that have enabled the identification of emerging bodies of evidence and/or analysis: Power and legitimacy; Effectiveness, capacity, and corruption; Violence, unrest, and conflict; and Resilience, vulnerability, and risk. The paper concludes with three over-arching insights that have emerged from the research: (1) the importance of leadership; (2) resilience and what “fixing the cracks” really means; and (3) why better ways are needed to add up all the “noise” when it comes to COVID-19 and evidence.
Das Messen der wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung des Tourismus
Authors: Luft Hartmut
Published: May 2021

Die Untersuchung zielt darauf ab, am Beispiel des renommierten Kurortes Bad Zwischenahn den bisher ungenauen Beitrag des Fremdenverkehrs zum Wohlstand der Gemeinde durch eine fundierte Untersuchung zu quantifizieren, so daß Aussagen hinsichtlich der primären tourismusbedingten Umsätze, der hieraus resultierenden Wertschöpfung, des Tourismusbeitrages zum örtlichen Volkseinkommen, der Multiplikatorwirkung und des Beschäftigungseffektes möglich sind.
Rethinking Life and Predicting Its Origin
Authors: Gonçalves Diogo
Published: May 2021

The definition, origin and recreation of life remain elusive. As others have suggested, only once we put life into reductionist physical terms will we be able to solve those questions. To that end, this work proposes the phenomenon of life to be the product of two dissipative mechanisms. From them, one reinterprets extant biological life and deduces a testable scenario for its origin. The proposed theory allows the replication of life, reinterprets ecological evolution, brings new constraints to astrobiology and lays the foundations for groundbreaking technologies.
Value-Added Forest Carbon Offset Projects: Application of the South Korean Emission Trading System in the Forestry Sector
Authors: Woo Heesung , Acuna Mauricio , Choi Byoungkoo , Kim Joonsoon
Published: May 2021

Under the “Korean emission trading system in the forestry sector (KETSF)” initiative, the South Korean government has developed several greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction programs that include forestry activities as the cornerstones of the initiative. Forest management is deemed to be a major strategy to implement KETSF; this has been confirmed by most participants in the program, who have shown their preference for forest management projects as the most effective and encouraging strategy to participate in the KETSF program. For a successful implementation of KETSF projects is essential to explore methods that optimize the positive impacts of such strategies, thereby maximizing the economic returns and carbon stocks that result from the implementation of forest management activities. Thus, this study investigated several value-added KETSF projects in South Korea, which included simulated scenarios under two main forest management strategies: one based on an extension of the rotation age, and a second one based on reforestation with new species. Five forest management scenarios were examined and evaluated in their ability to maximize carbon stocks and economic returns. Based on the results, Scenarios 2 and 4 were identified as the best KETSF projects in terms of carbon stock increments. Additionally, the results indicated that projects including reforestation with new species added more economic value than projects that considered an extension of the rotation age. The study also revealed that KETSF projects generated revenue in both scenarios, by either extending the rotation age or by implementing reforestation with new species.
Role of Local Institutions in Rural Tourism Development
in Dazhai Community, Guilin, China
Authors: Huang LiuMei
Published: May 2021

Rural tourism has been proved as an effective approach in many rural areas in China, and during the development processes, local institutions play significant roles in the context of China. This paper is to explore various roles of local institutions in the development of rural tourism in a typical community, Dazhai, in Guilin City. Within its limitations, it examines the roles by identifying the current situations of the community, formal and informal institutions that affect the rural tourism development.Obstacles still exist because of the “top-bottom”political system.
ANGPTL3 Variants Associate with Lower Levels of Irisin and C-Peptide in a Cohort of Arab Individuals
Authors: Alanbaei Muath , Abu-Farha Mohamed , Hebbar Prashantha , Melhem Motasem , Chandy Betty S , Anoop Emil , Cherian Preethi , Al Khairi Irina , Alkayal Fadi , Al-Mulla Fahd , Abubaker Jehad , Thanaraj Thangavel Alphonse
Published: May 2021

ANGPTL3 is an important regulator of lipid metabolism. Its inhibition in people with hypercholesteremia reduces plasma lipid levels dramatically. Genome-wide association studies have associated ANGPTL3 variants with lipid traits. Irisin, an exercise modulated protein, has been associated with lipid metabolism. Intracellular accumulation of lipids impairs insulin action and contributes to metabolic disorders. In this study, we evaluate the impact of ANGPTL3 variants on levels of irisin and markers associated with lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. ANGPTL3 rs1748197 and rs12130333 variants were genotyped in a cohort of 278 Arab individuals from Kuwait. Levels of irisin and other metabolic markers were measured by ELISA. Significance of association signals was assessed using Bonferroni-corrected P-values and empirical P-values. The study variants were significantly associated with low levels of c-peptide and irisin. Levels of c-peptide and irisin were mediated by interaction between carrier genotypes (GA+AA) at rs1748197 and measures of IL13 and TG, respectively. While levels of c-peptide and IL13 were directly correlated in individuals with reference genotype, they were inversely correlated in individuals with carrier genotype. Irisin correlated positively with TG which is strong in individuals with carrier genotypes. These observations illustrate ANGPTL3 as a potential link connecting lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and cardioprotection.
Role of Responsible Leadership for Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment in Light of Psychological Ownership and Employee Environmental Commitment: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Abbas Ali , Bilal Bilal , Chengang Ye , Manzoor Shahid , Ullah Irfan , Arslan Hafiz Muhammad
Published: May 2021

The world is looking towards organizations for social responsibility to contribute to a sustainable environment. Employees’ organizational citizenship behavior for the environment (OCBE) is a voluntary environmental-oriented behavior that is important for organizations’ environmental performance. Based on social learning theory, the study examined the effects of responsible leadership in connection with OCBE by using a sample of 520 employees of manufacturing and service sector including engine manufacturing, petroleum plants banking and insurance sector organizations of China. Further, the role of psychological ownership and employee environmental commitment were used as mediators and moderators simultaneously. The direct, mediation, and moderation model results exposed a positive relationship between responsible leadership and OCBE via employee psychological ownership and employee environmental commitment. The study also revealed that the indirect effect is stronger when employees hold higher employee environmental commitment. The theoretical and practical implications for environmental sustainability in respect of organizations as well as future research directions are discussed.
A Novel Crowdsourcing Model for Micro-mobility Ride-sharing Systems
Authors: Elhenawy Mohammed , Komol Mostafizur , Masoud Mahmoud , Liu Shi Qiang , Ashqar Huthaifa , Almannaa Mohammed Hamad , Rakha Hesham A. , Rakotonirainy Andry
Published: May 2021

Substantial research is required to ensure that micro-mobility ride sharing provides a better fulfillment of user needs. This study proposes a novel crowdsourcing model for the ride-sharing system where light vehicles such as scooters and bikes are crowdsourced. The proposed model consists of three entities: suppliers, customers, and a management party responsible for receiving, renting, booking, and demand matching with offered resources. It can allow suppliers to define the location of their private e-scooters/e-bikes and the period of time they are available for rent. Using a dataset of over 9 million e-scooter trips in Austin, Texas, we ran an agent-based simulation six times using three maximum battery ranges (i.e., 35, 45, and 60 km) and different numbers of e-scooters (e.g., 50 and 100) at each origin. Computational results show that the proposed model is promising and might be advantageous to shift the charging and maintenance efforts to a crowd of suppliers.
Cathepsin-B and Caveolin-1 Gene Expressions inOral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: pakfetrat atessa , delavarian zahra , mohtasham nooshin , mohajertehran farnaz , Samiee Negin
Published: May 2021

BackgroundGiven the importance of the role of gene expression in the prognosis and diagnosis of malignancies of the head and neck, we examined in this study the gene expressions of cathepsin-B (Cat-B) and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral lichen planus (OLP) and compared them to controls. We also investigated their relationship to clinicopathological indices.MethodsIn this case-control study, 29 biopsy samples from OLP patients were compared to 29 paraffin blocks of OSCC samples as well as 28 paraffin blocks of normal oral tissue. The mean age of OSCC and OLP patients were 59.24 ± 15.04 and 48.79 ± 14.17 years, respectively. Clinical data were analyzed for their relationship to gene expressions using parametric and nonparametric tests.ResultsThe gene expressions of Cat-B and Cav-1 were significantly higher in OSCC and OLP patients compared to controls (p<0.001). The highest expression were found in OSCC, which was significantly different from OLP and controls. There were also significant differences between OLP and control in terms of the gene expression of Cat-B and Cav-1 .There was no association between the gene expression and age, gender, duration of disease, Thongprasom score, smoking and cutaneous lichen planus. However, the expressions were related to the grade and stage of OSCC lesions (p:0.01, p:0.02).ConclusionThe gene expressions of Cat-B and Cav-1 in OSCC were associated with the stage and grade of lesions. Therefore, they appear to be useful in predicting the biological behavior of OSCC and malignant transformation of OLP.
Tumorigenic Potential of Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Anthracene in Fish and Anthracene in Dimethyl Sulfoxide in Rattus Norvegicus
Authors: Johnson Mriam Oluchi , Saganuwan Saganuwan Alhaji , Onyeyili Patrick Azubuike
Published: May 2021

Anthracene is a polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), present in cigarette smoke and some industries. It may cause tumorigenesis of lungs and other organs. Randomized controlled trial was adopted for the study. Seven out of forty-three rats were used for determination of median lethal dose (LD50), whereas thirty-six (36) rats were divided into six groups of six per group. The first group was treated daily with3ml/kg body weight ofwater; the second was treated daily withdimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (30mg/kg), whereas third, fourth and fifth groups were treated with anthracene in DMSO at12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight, respectively.The sixth group was treated daily withanthracene in fish (75 mg/kg)for a period of three weeks. Pre-treatment blood samples were collected on day zero (0) and thereafter on day 7, 14 and 21 respectively for haematological, cardiorespiratory, tumour kinetic, allometric parameters, as as well as oncogenic biomarkers. Findings revealed that dimethyl sufoxide and anthracene may cause adenocarcinoma of lung characterised by anaemia, neutrophilia or neutropenia, increased cancer antigen-125 (CA-125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), increased heart rate and respiratory rate, superior vena cava oedema and histological changes such as reduced alveolar space, damaged alveolar sacs and infiltration of interseptal space with mononuclear cells. Micro nodules were observed in fibrosed lungs. Hence there is need to assess hazard risk of anthracene in industries and anthracene contaminated environment.
The Influence of the Posterior Slope Angle and Posterior Condylar Offset in Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty Was Analyzed From the Way of Constructing Flexion Gap
Authors: Shen bangwei , Han Hao , Huang Tao , Luo Xu , Li Zi-Hao , Chen Wei
Published: May 2021

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two ways of establishing the flexion gap on the flexion angle and flexion-extension motion after posterior-stabilized （PS） prosthesis. A way for the posterior slope angle（PSA）and posterior condylar offset（PCO）were greater than preoperative, another for less than preoperative.Materials and MethodsThey are grouped according to the way flexion gaps are constructed. Data from 28 total knee arthroplasty（TKA）patients treated with propensity score match (PSM) were included. The difference of flexion angle and flexion-extension motion between the two groups was compared, and the influence of PCO and PSA on the flexion angle in the two ways was analyzed.ResultsPostoperative flexion degree of the two groups was 115.50±14.64° and 112.29±10.64° (P =0.553), and there was no statistical significance. Postoperative flexion-extension motion grade data of the decrease group was better than that of the increased group (P =0.031). Postoperative flexion angle was negatively correlated with PCO change in the increase group (r²=0.574 b '=-0.758 p=0.002).Conclusions﻿Increasing the PSA and PCO to construct flexion gaps in PS TKA will cause problems with flexion-extension movements. It may be more reasonable to avoid excessive PSA and select appropriate PCO to reconstruct the flexion gap in PS prosthetic.
Identification of Most Lethal Non-synonymous SNPs in Tollip gene- An In-Silico Analysis
Authors: Ghani Usman , Ullah Rahmat , Anjum Tayyaba , Ali Yasir , Hussain Saddam , Shah Sadarat , Zulfiqar Iqra , Sultan Talha , Tanveer Mohammad Aashar , Sabar Muhammad Farooq
Published: May 2021

The Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP), first detected by hybrid screening using Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein in 2000, is ubiquitous and its TLR signaling cascade gets negatively regulated by TOLLIP in particular by impeding the TLR4 and TLR2 pathways. Toll-interacting protein facilitates TLR and TGF-β type 1 receptor intracellular localization and lysosomal degradation and exerts its anti-apoptosis and pro-autophagy effects through interaction with a target of Myb1 membrane trafficking protein 1 (TOM1) in autoimmunity. It also protects intestinal epithelial cells from apoptosis induced by (TNF-α) (IFN-γ) signaling and acts as a cargo adaptor linking (ATG8) autophagy gene 8 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3. Ubiquitin-modified cell debris along with coated autophagosomes removes harmful protein aggregates and maintains cellular homeostasis. It is therefore structurally and functionally important to detect TOLLIP polymorphisms to indicate the possible malfunctions and therapeutics. We have identified the gap of available data on nsSNPs in the TOLLIP gene in previous studies. Hence, We have used a wide range of bioinformatic techniques in this study to identify the most destructive nsSNPs in the TOLLIP gene. The in-silico tools such as PROVEAN, SIFT, SNP&GO, PhD SNP, and PolyPhen2 have been used followed by I Mutant, MutPred, and ConSurf. The 3-D mapping was carried out with I-TASSER and Phyre2. Though, STRING and GeneMANIA proposed the gene to gene interaction of TOLLIP. Our study identified G19D (rs866744102), G32R (rs1308704061), D71N (rs777772934), and E72G (rs1202660177) as the four most lethal non-synonymous SNPs in TOLLIP genes, which may play an essential part in defects of TOLLIP Protein and probably cause a different type of diseases. This is the first study of its kind, and it could pave the way in the field of medical drugs in the future. The influence of these nsSNPs in the normal functioning of TOLLIP can also be evaluated in animal models to identify the underlying biochemical pathway involved in diseases.
Influence of Operating Parameters on the Performance of an Adsorption Solar Refrigeration Machine
Authors: ghrici adnane , GHERNAOUT MEA , BENRAMDANE Mohammed
Published: May 2021

Renewable energies including solar energy requirements for refrigeration and air conditioning are increasingly gaining interest due to the refrigerants friendly to the environment. However, it was found that these technologies have some limitations like the low performance and their high cost. This paper proposes a comparative study of a solar adsorption refrigeration machine. The study consists in determining the optimal thermodynamic parameters of operation as well as their influences on the performance of the system. This is based on a thermodynamic model using different types of adsorbent / adsorbate pairs. The main parameters considered in this study are: temperature of generation, evaporation, maximum heating temperature, condensation pressure as well as the type of the pair used: activated carbon / methanol and zeolite / water. Simulations for different thermodynamic parameters show that the COP is very sensitive to the generation and evaporation temperatures as well as the maximum heating temperature, on the other hand it was slightly influenced by the condensation pressure. The results obtained have shown that the AC / methanol pair is more profitable than the zeolite / water pair.
Global distribution of Sapindus habitats under current and future climate change scenarios
Authors: Liu Jiming , Wang Lianchun , Sun Caowen , Xi Benye , Li Doudou , Chen Zhong , He Qiuyang , Weng Xuehuang , Jia Liming
Published: May 2021

Sapindus (Sapindus L.) is a widely distributed economically important tree genus that provides biodiesel, biomedical and biochemical products. However, with climate change, deforestation, and economic development, Sapindus germplasm resources have been lost. Therefore, utilising historical environmental data and future climate projections from the BCC-CSM2-MR global climate database, we simulated the present and future global distributions of suitable habitats for Sapindus using a Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model. The estimated ecological thresholds for critical environmental factors were: a minimum temperature of 0–20°C in the coldest month, soil moisture levels of 40–140 mm, a mean temperature of 2–25°C in the driest quarter, a mean temperature of 19–28°C in the wettest quarter, and a soil pH of 5.6–7.6. The total suitable habitat area was 6059.97 × 104 km2, which was unevenly distributed across six continents. As greenhouse gas emissions increased over time, the area of suitable habitats contracted in lower latitudes and expanded in higher latitudes. Consequently, surveys and conservation should be prioritised in southern hemisphere areas which are in danger of becoming unsuitable. In contrast, other areas in northern and central America, China, and India can be used for conservation and large-scale cultivation in the future.
Rice breeding in the new era: comparison of useful agronomic traits
Authors: Soto Alejandro Hernandez , Echeverría-Beirute Fabián , Abdelnour-Esqu Ana , Gatica-Arias Andres , Valdez-Melara Marta
Published: May 2021

Understanding agronomic traits at a genetic level enables the leveraging of this knowledge to produce crops that are more productive and resilient, have better quality and are adjusted for consumer preferences. In the last decade, rice has become a model to validate the function of specific genes, resulting in valuable but scattered information. Here, we aimed to identify particular genes in rice related to traits that can be targeted by different mutation techniques in the breeding of crops. We selected gain of function, misfunction, and specific mutations associated with phenotypes of agronomic interest. The review includes specific trait-related genes involved in domestication, stress, herbicide tolerance, pathogen resistance, grain number, quality, weight, plant structure, nitrogen use, and others. The information presented can be used for rice and crops with similar or homologous genes to breed crops that require improvement to achieve more sustainable production in challenging farming conditions.
КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ КОНЕЧНОСТИ ПОСЛЕ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ НЕРВНОГО СТВОЛА В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Вылугина Ирина
Published: May 2021

This article discusses diagnostic techniques used to assess the functional state of the limb after damage to the nerve trunk. The data were obtained using a review of the scientific literature.
ОБЗОР СОВРЕМЕННЫХ МЕТОДОВ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ИМПРЕГНИРОВАННЫХ ШОВНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Денисов Артём , Гуртовой Денис
Published: May 2021

The modern medical process poses new challenges, classical suture materials have ceased to satisfy surgeons with both their sanogenetic properties and physical properties. These properties are capable of giving threads the production methods described in the article. Among these methods, there are two fundamental differences: an active pharmacological substance is applied in the process of creating a thread, and a substance is applied to an already finished thread, which fundamentally affects the physical and biological parameters.
ЭФФЕКТИВНАЯ ДИСПАНСЕРИЗАЦИЯ И АДЕКВАТНАЯ ФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ КАК СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИЕ АНТИ-ЭЙДЖИНГОВОЙ ПРОГРАММЫ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИИ БЕЛГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors:   Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Ищенко Карина , Горелик Светлана , Милютина Елена , Барабанщиков Александр
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of a study to assess the effectiveness of clinical examination carried out at an enterprise in the Belgorod region, and the results of a survey of employees of this enterprise on the question of whether they have chronic non-infectious diseases and the frequency of physical education. The obtained data will be used for the development and implementation of an anti-aging program at the enterprise of the Belgorod region, which in turn will be one of the measures to prevent aging. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of the ongoing medical examination among employees of the enterprise in the Belgorod region can be concluded. It should also be noted that the majority of respondents note that they have chronic non-communicable diseases. As for the frequency of physical education, the main component of the respondents do physical exercises on average once a week, but the share of employees who answered that they do not do it at all is quite large. In the future, we will develop a corporate anti-aging program for an enterprise in the Belgorod region.
КОНТЕНТ-АНАЛИЗ ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКИХ НАУЧНЫХ ИЗДАНИЙ ПО ПРОБЛЕМАМ РАЗРАБОТКИ И ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ШОВНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА С ДОБАВЛЕННЫМИ СВОЙСТВАМИ
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Липатов Вячеслав , Мокеева Юлия
Published: May 2021

We studied the frequency of references to suture material with added properties among the publications of foreign journals indexed in Scopus. On average, in 2017-2019, the number of articles in journals was the same. The maximum number of articles on suture material published in 2017-2020 was found in the «Journal of Craniofacial Surgery». The maximum number of articles on suture material with added properties published in 2017-2020 was found in the journal «Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery».
Inclusion of water quality testing in the Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey and status of bacteriological contamination of drinking water in 10 provinces of Afghanistan
Authors: Saboor Abdus , Amarkhel Ahmad Khalid , Hakimi Esmatullah , Bain Robert , Luyendijk Rolf
Published: May 2021

The UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey module for water testing was included in the 2016/2017 Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey (ALCS) for 10 of the 34 provinces. The module's impact on the survey implementation was assessed through interviews and focus group discussions with survey teams. To assess the level of fecal contamination, drinking water from the source and at the point of consumption was tested for Escherichia coli using on-site membrane filtration. On-site testing of water generated significant interest from community members to receive water test results and understand how to keep their drinking water safe from contamination. The inclusion of the module in the ALCS facilitated access of the enumerators to both communities and households. Only 21.0% of households used safely managed drinking water services. A majority of households (58.2%) used water sources contaminated with E. coli, while E. coli contamination at the point of consumption was found in 77.0% of households. E. coli were more frequently detected in water sources used by households with unimproved sanitation. Beside improvement and increased protection of the water supply services, water quality deterioration between source and point of consumption calls for the promotion of safe handling and storage of water at the home.
System dynamics simulation for the coordinative development of socio-economy and environment in the Weihe River Basin, China
Authors: Wang Yiqi , Ding Xiaohui , Ma Yanran , Yan Buqing
Published: May 2021

A reliable system simulation combining socio-economic development with water environment and comprehensively reflect a watershed's dynamic features is crucial. In this study, a complex system dynamics model is constructed to evaluate dynamic changes of socio-economic development and ecological environment of Weihe River Basin (WHR). Development trends of the population, economy, land resources, water demand and supply, water environment and water pollution and management are obtained from 2005 to 2030 through scenarios analysis representing different regional development orientations, namely, population growth (S1), economic leading (S2), resources saving (S3), environment leading (S4), collaborative development (S5). Compared with other scenarios, the total population and GDP will, respectively, reach 3,716.55 × 104 person and 40,077.30 × 108 yuan, and the gap between demand and supply and the amount of water pollution will, respectively, narrow to 0.56 × 108 and 12.26 × 108 cubic meters in collaborative development scenario (S5). The results reveal the collaborative development scenario (S5) can achieve not only steady population and economy growth, as well as narrow down the gap between water supply and demand, but also optimize watershed environment management of the WHR. Thus, the system dynamics model used in our research provides a powerful tool for assisting decision-making on issues of coordinative socio-economic development, environmental health protection, water resources conservation, etc., in a river basin area.
Nivel de resiliencia y funcionalidad familiar en adolescentes de un albergue de Ventanilla, Perú
Authors: Choque Medrano Edith , Matta Solis Hernán Hugo
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el nivel de resiliencia y funcionalidad familiar en adolescentes del albergue de Ventanilla, Perú. Materiales y Métodos: El enfoque del estudio es cuantitativo, el diseño es no experimental, correlacional y de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 160 adolescentes que residen en el albergue. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron escala de resiliencia de Connor-Davidson (CDRISC) y el cuestionario APGAR familiar. Resultados: En relación al nivel de resiliencia, predomino el nivel medio (52,5%), seguido del nivel alto (46,9%) y bajo (0,6%). La dimensión de resiliencia que presento mayor porcentaje de nivel alto de resiliencia fue control y propósito (61,9%), la que presento mayor porcentaje de nivel bajo de resiliencia fue espiritualidad (8,1%). En cuanto a la funcionalidad familiar predominaron las familias con disfunción leve (33,1%), seguido de disfunción moderada (28,8%), buena función (25,6%) y disfunción severa (12,5%). La prueba estadística de correlación bivariada de Spearman arroja un coeficiente de correlación de 0,349 (p < 0,01), es decir las variables principales del estudio resiliencia y funcionalidad familiar, poseen una relación directamente proporcional moderada con un margen de error de 0,01 (1 %). Conclusiones: El nivel predominante de resiliencia fue el medio. En cuanto a la funcionalidad familiar predominaron las familias con disfunción leve. La variable resiliencia y funcionalidad familiar presentan una relación directamente proporcional moderada.