bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rethinking the Boundary Conditions in the Particle-in-a-Box Mind Experiment
Authors: Chen Jixin
Published: April 2021

In this manuscript, I speculated that the energy density distributions along space and time in a quantum system are uniform. Thus, the complementary energy contributions are added to the classical solutions of the 1D particle in a box problem, making the energy density a complex distribution function over space and time. Then the concept is extended to the free rotation problem with a Hamiltonian slightly different than the classical Schrödinger equation. The picturized energy distribution functions and associated time evolution are described in movies for comparison between example classical wave functions and the energy density functions. The wave functions for the hydrogen atom are then guessed based on the historical solutions.
Rhenium Carbonyl Complexes Conjugated with Methylated Triphenylphosphonium Cations as Sensitive Mitochondria Trackers for X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Schanne Gabrielle , Henry Lucas , Ong How Chee , Somogyi Andrea , Medjoubi Kadda , DELSUC Nicolas , Policar Clotilde , Garcia Felipe , Bertrand Hélène C.
Published: April 2021

Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence (SXRF) imaging is a powerful technique for the visualization of metal complexes in biological systems. However, due to the lack of an endogenous elemental signature for mitochondria, probes for the localization of this organelle are required for colocalization studies. In this work, we designed and synthesized rhenium pyta tricarbonyl complexes conjugated to methylated triphenylphosphonium TP*P+ cations as multimodal probes for the visualization of mitochondria, suitable for fluorescence and SXRF imaging and quantification. Accumulation of the methylated triphenylphosphonium TP*P+-based conjugates in cells was observed in fixed A549 cells, and the amount of mitochondrial uptake was linked to the lipophilicity of the TPP+ vector. Our work highlights a convenient rhenium-based multimodal mitochondrial-targeted probe compatible with SXRF nano-imaging.
Revealing Internal Heavy Chalcogen Atom Effect on the Photophysics of Dibenzo[a,j]phenazine-Cored Donor–Acceptor–Donor Triad
Authors: Goto Shimpei , Nitta Yuya , Decarli Nicolas , Sousa Leonardo Evaristo de , Stachelek Patrycja , Tohnai Norimitsu , Minakata Satoshi , de Silva Piotr , Data Przemyslaw , Takeda Youhei
Published: April 2021

A new twisted donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) multi-photofunctional organic molecule comprising of phenoselenazine as the electron-donors (Ds) and dibenzo[a,j]phenazine (DBPHZ) as the electron-acceptor (A) has been developed. The developed selenium-incorporated D–A–D compound is featured with multi-color polymorphism, distinct mechanochromic luminescence, chemically-stimulated luminochromism, thermally-activated delayed fluorescence, and room- temperature phosphorescence. The internal heavy atom effect on the photophysical properties of the D–A–D system has been investigated through the comparison with the physicochemical properties of a previously developed sulfur analogue and a tellurium analogue.
The Effects on Lipophilicity of Replacing Oxygenated Functionality with Their Fluorinated Bioisosteres
Authors: Glyn Richard J. , Pattison Graham
Published: April 2021

The replacement of oxygenated functionality (hydroxy, alkoxy) with a fluorine atom is a very commonly used bioisosteric replacement in medicinal chemistry. In this paper we use a Molecular Matched Pair Analysis approach to better understand the effects of this bioisosteric replacement on the physicochemical properties of compounds, particularly in terms of lipophilicity. We observe that the presence of electron-donating groups on an aromatic ring generally increase the difference in lipophilicity between an oxygenated compound and its fluorinated analogue.
Facile Anomer-oriented Syntheses of 4-Methylumbelliferyl Sialic Acid Glycosides
Authors: Hassan Abdullah , Oscarson Stefan
Published: April 2021

As part of a program to find new sialidases and determine their enzymatic specificity and catalytic activity, a library of 4-methylumbelliferyl sialic acid glycosides derivatised at the C-5 position were prepared from N-acetylneuraminic acid. Both α- and β-4-methylumbelliferyl sialic acid glycosides were prepared in high yields and excellent stereoselectivity. Alpha anomers were accessed via reagent control by utilising additive CH3CN and TBAI, whereas the beta anomers were synthesised through a diastereoselective addition reaction of iodine and the aglycone to the corresponding glycal followed by reduction of the resulting 3-iodo compounds. Both anomer-oriented synthetic pathways allow for gram-scale stereoselective syntheses of the desired C-5 modified neuraminic acid derivatives for use as tools to quantify the enzymatic activity and substrate specificity of known sialidases, and potential detection and investigation of novel sialidases.
Симптоматические оперативные вмешательства при осложненных формах рака желудка
Authors: Седаков И. Е. , Совпель О. В. , Заика А. Н. , Кондаков М. Д. , Аль Баргути Р. А.
Published: April 2021

По данным литературы доля эксплоративных лапаротомий и симптоматических вмешательств при осложненном раке желудка составляет 6,2–46,4%. Средняя продолжительность жизни после эксплоративной лапаротомии не превышает 4–8 месяцев, а после гастро- и еюностомии — 7–11 месяцев. Частота выполнения паллиативных резекций при раке желудка по данным литературы составляет 2,5–47,0%. Послеоперационные осложнения паллиативных резекционных вмешательств наблюдаются в 5,0–40,0% случаев, а послеоперационная летальность колеблется от 4,0% до 32,0%. Несмотря на такие различия в оценках, большинство исследователей едины во мнении о том, что частота послеоперационных осложнений и летальности после паллиативных вмешательств не превышает таковые у больных, перенесших радикальные операции. Такой разброс показателей указывает на отсутствие единого мнения в отношении показаний и противопоказаний к различным видам паллиативных вмешательств. Поэтому изучение возможностей диагностики и лечения больных с осложненным течением рака желудка в условиях многопрофильного стационара является актуальной проблемой экстренной абдоминальной хирургии.
Особенности метаболизма углеводного и антиоксидантного обменов в опухолевой ткани и сыворотке крови при раке толстой кишки
Authors: Зуйков С. А. , Шатова О. П. , Полунин Г. Е.
Published: April 2021

Цель: изучить активности ферментов углеводного обмена и антиоксидантной защиты (АОЗ) в опухолевых тканях и в сыворотке крови больных раком толстой кишки (РТК) в зависимости от клинической стадии заболевания.Материалы и методы: исследование изучаемых показателей проводили в сыворотке крови и гомогенатах тканей (опухолевой ткани и нетрансформированной слизистой оболочке). Было обследовано 70 больных РТК с различной стадией заболевания (I–IV стадия). Гистологической формой РТК у всех пациентов была аденокарцинома. Возраст всех обследуемых был от 40 до 80 лет, чаще болели мужчины. Исследованы активности ферментов углеводного обмена лактатдегидрогеназа (ЛДГ) и глюкозо‑6-фосфатдегидрогеназа (Г6ФДГ), а также ферменты АОЗ — супероксиддисмутаза (СОД) и глутатионпероксидаза (ГПО). Методом исследования ферментативных активностей была спектрофотометрия.Результаты: у больных РТК с III–IV стадией в сыворотке крови и гомогенатах тканей установлено повышение активностей ферментов углеводного обмена ЛДГ и Г6ФДГ относительно больных с I–II стадией, тогда как в ферментативном звене АОЗ наблюдались: снижение сывороточной и повышение тканевой СОД, на фоне повышении ГПО в сыворотке и снижении в тканях.У больных на начальных стадиях РТК показатели сывороточной активности ЛДГ тесно и положительно коррелируют с таковыми показателями как в опухолевой, так и в смежных тканях. Активность Г6ФДГ в сыворотке крови обследованных больных статистически значимо коррелирует только с соответствующим показателем в ткани опухоли. У больных на начальных стадиях РТК показатели сывороточной активности ЛДГ тесно и положительно коррелируют с таковыми показателями как в опухолевой, так и в смежных тканях. Активность Г6ФДГ в сыворотке крови обследованных больных статистически значимо коррелирует только с соответствующим показателем в ткани опухоли. При этом сывороточные ферменты АОЗ имеют обратную корреляцию с тканевыми.Выводы: полученные результаты указывают на связь активности ферментов углеводного обмена ЛДГ и Г6ФДГ, а также ферментов АОЗ (СОД и ГПО) с показателями стадийности рака и свидетельствуют о необходимости дальнейшего углубленного исследования метаболического профиля гликолиза, пентозофосфатного пути и АОЗ при РТК.
Molecular docking studies of pancreatic cancer expressed proteins with Psidium guajava (guava) derived bioactive compounds
Authors: Tharrun Daniel Paul L  , Roshan Kumar Sah  , Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
Published: April 2021

The current study evaluates the binding affinities (kcal/mol) of different proteins expressed in pancreatic cancer with Psidium guajava derived bioactive compounds by performing molecular docking through auto dock vina. Auto dock vina was used to perform molecular docking between the proteins expressed in pancreatic cancer and P. guajava derived bioactive compounds. Nine proteins and nine ligands were chosen for molecular docking. Among the nine ligands, gemcitabine which is a commercial first-line drug used to treat pancreatic cancer, was selected. The docking output was visualized using the Biovia Discovery Studio visualizer. From the docking results, we found that, out of the nine ligands, quercetin had a better binding affinity than the other ligands and the commercial drug (gemcitabine). SNAI1 docked with quercetin had a binding affinity of -9.6 kcal/mol, which was found to be the highest. In conclusion, it can be said that the compound quercetin derived from the ethanolic extract of the P. guajava has the highest binding affinity, so it can be used for the treatment of pancreatic cancer after modification to its properties so that it has good efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties. Further studies will be based on the in-vitro testing of the extract and gene and protein expression analysis using RT-PCR and MALDI-TOF, respectively.
A review on Antibiotic Policy and Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (AMSP) – Need of the hour
Authors: Manoj Kumar  , Anu Sharma  , Yasmeen M  , Parwez
Published: April 2021

Emerging trends of antimicrobial resistance and development of multidrug resistance and pan resistant strains have become a significant public health problem worldwide. The rate at which newer drugs are developing has slowed down and clinicians are left with only limited therapeutic options for treatment of the patient. We are heading towards the pre antibiotic discovery phase where mortality was high due to unavailability of appropriate drugs; however, in current situation due to misuse or over use of antibiotics, microbes have developed newer methods of resistance, thus rendering these antimicrobials ineffective in their action which has resulted in increased morbidity and mortality among patient and increase in the health care expenditure. Antimicrobial resistance continues to be a major public health problem of international concern. As there is alarming situation globally due to development of multi and pan resistant bacteria which are also known as superbugs, these superbugs have resulted in havoc as these infections are not treatable and is of great concern to the treating physician. Judicious use of antibiotics and implementation of antibiotic stewardship program are the only ways to combat the current situation. The present review aims to provide information on framing of antibiotic policy and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship program.
Instructor-featured videos and the importance of social presence in online education
Authors: Smith Aaron
Published: April 2021

The recent global shift to online teaching has thrust educators in all levels and forms of education into new roles and experiences. As many have little prior experience teaching online, it is possible that there are those who feel overwhelmed and as such focus on technical aspects of online education.

By reviewing the concept of social presence in online education, this paper seeks to accomplish two tasks: first, to remind readers of the importance of interpersonal aspects of online education; and second, to recommend instructor-featured videos as an accessible and effective way of fostering social presence and helping students feel grounded, connected, and reassured.
Continuing professional education – a priority direction of improving the professional competence of doctors: experience, achievements, problems and prospects.
Authors: Pertseva T.O. , Kuryata O.V. , Konopkina L.I. , Bielosludtseva K.O. , Stadnichuk G.M.
Published: April 2021

Continuing education in terms of improving the professional competence of doctors has a great importance. In May 2020 for the first time in Ukraine under conditions of quarantine connected with COVID-19 the Prydniprovsk Association of Internal Medicine Doctors organized a 2-day international conference on internal medicine in a web format. The purpose of the work was to organize, conduct, determine the effectiveness of the international conference of internists in online format and analyze the results of the survey of students. A questionnaire which included 28 test tasks was developed to obtain a feedback from the lecturers. The answers were analyzed and the reasons for possible errors were considered. The level of knowledge acquired by students is generally quite high; however, the most problematic issues were the most modern diagnostic methods in gastroenterology, ECG diagnostics, clinical pharmacology in cardiology and pulmonology. The prospect of developing a system of continuing professional education for internists is to improve teaching methods with the subsequent involvement of leading specialists in various therapeutic areas to cover current issues of medical science and practice.
Intellectual systems in the management of medical technologies and quality of life
Authors: Kizhaev S.O. , Petrenko V.O. , Mazur N.V. , Belitsky V.V. , Mazur А.V. , Dudnikova O.I.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the development and use of intelligent systems in the management of medical technological processes and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The relevance of the work is due to the need for effective use of intelligent systems in healthcare. The purpose of this work is to study the possibilities and prospects of using information technologies and artificial intelligence systems in clinical medicine to improve the efficiency of providing medical care to the population. Information retrieval method; theoretical analysis of legislative and regulatory documents, literary sources, Internet resources, research results; spectral-dynamic and mathematical analysis of the current state and assessment of the quality of life of an individual using the artificial intelligence system "CME". The paper analyzes the development trends of information technologies and artificial intelligence systems, as well as the features of their use in medical technological processes. As an example, the technological capabilities of the intelligent system Complex Medical Expert are briefly described.
The use of procalcitonin in patients with surgical forms of erysipelas
Authors: Shapoval S.D. , Vasylevska L.A.
Published: April 2021

The ideal marker of bacterial infection should not only allow for early diagnosis, but also provide information about the course and prognosis of the disease. Nowadays the most well-studied and widely used in clinical practice is procalcitonin (PCT), but its value in surgical forms of erysipelas is insufficiently defined. The aim of the article is to determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of procalcitonin in patients with surgical forms of erysipelas.114 case histories of patients who were hospitalized in the center of purulent-septic surgery of the Non-profit municipal enterprise "City Hospital №3" in Zaporozhye for 2019-2020 period were analyzed retrospectively and prospectively. It was found that most often the focus was localized on the lower extremities. In the complex treatment of patients with erysipelas, the main place belongs to antibiotic therapy (ABT) and early surgical treatment of the area of the pathological process. Determination of the level of procalcitonin in the serum makes it possible to assess the progression and generalization of the process and is a sensitive test for the effectiveness of treatment.Radical surgery and timely targeted ABT are key elements of success in the treatment of surgical forms of erysipelas and are not subject to revision. Procalcitonin is a diagnostic marker that can predict the development of sepsis.
Assessment of the dental status of drug-addicted patients with parafunction of the dental-jaw apparatus
Authors: Foros А.І. , Kostenko Ye.Ya. , Goncharuk-Khomyn M.Yu.
Published: April 2021

The number of drug addicts in the world is growing every year. The aim of the study was to assess the dental status of drug-addicted patients with parafunction of the dental-jaw apparatus. We used clinical, analytical, functional and histological research methods. 119 drug-addicted and 110 non-drug-dependent patients aged 18 to 54 were examined. In order to confirm the presence of parafunctions of the dental-jaw apparatus in patients, we conducted an occludogram study, as well as an assessment of the index of parafunctions of the masticatory muscles and the degree of their severity. The structure of tooth tissues was examined by histological method. Examination of drug-addicted patients revealed the presence of numerous carious cavities, secondary adentia, enamel erosion, pathological abrasion, signs of gingivitis and periodontitis, tooth chipping. The prevalence of parafunction of the dental-jaw apparatus, in particular bruxism, in drug-addicted patients is 1.56 times higher than this figure among non-drug addicts. The results of the occludogram and the index of parafunctions of the masticatory muscles differ significantly between the study groups. The mean value of the masticatory muscle parafunction index among drug-addicted patients is 2.06 times significantly higher than the value among non-drug-addicted men and 2.03 times higher among women. Histological examination of the tooth tissues of drug-addicted patients indicates a disorder of the mineralization of both enamel and dentin. Thinning of the peripheral zone of the pulp, which is normally represented by a layer of odontoblasts, which provide regeneration and nutrition of dentin, is more common in persons under 25 years of age. Drug use adversely affects the dental status of patients and the condition of the hard tissues of the tooth.
Disability status due to occupational diseases: Ukraine, 2015-2918
Authors: Borуsova I.S.
Published: April 2021

The economic burden of disability due to occupational diseases is significant: the economic losses "due to health problems related to work" in the developed world exceed 1,25 trillion US dollars and amount to 4 to 6% of GDP. A large number of employees work in Ukraine in unfavorable conditions. The study analyzes the dynamics of disability due to occupational diseases in Ukraine for the period from 2015 to 2018 using the example of Dnipropetrovsk, Lviv and Donetsk regions. The results of the study proved that the indicators of disability due to occupational diseases in these areas have a pronounced upward trend. It has been determined that the number of injured or aggrieved persons who received occupational diseases in the Dnipropetrovsk, Lviv and Donetsk regions is 78.5% of the total number of those in Ukraine with occupational diseases. The proportion of those who were initially recognized as disabled due to occupational diseases increased in 2015-2018, increased in these areas and amounted in absolute numbers: in the Dnipropetrovsk region –  906 people (2018) against 705 people (2016); in the Lviv region – 273 people against 239 people, respectively; in Donetsk region – 193 people against 108 people, respectively. Primary disability rate for 2015-2018 period increased by 28.5% in Dnepropetrovsk to almost 50% in Donetsk region. The proportion of those who were initially recognized as disabled due to work injury in the Dnipropetrovsk region was 159 people (2018) against 123 people (2016); in the Lviv region: 42 people against 11 people, respectively; in the Donetsk region: 28 people against 11 people, respectively. The rate of primary disability due to work injury also increased by 29.2% in the Dnipropetrovsk region and by 53% in the Donetsk region. The number of persons with disabilities recognized for the first time depended on age and length of service in hazardous conditions. Persons with 10-19 years of work experience in 2015-2018 accounted for 89.2%. According to our data, 50.1% of workers aged 40 to 49 years are recognized as persons with disabilities, 40% – from 50 to 59 years of age. It is important that in 2018 in 5% of cases, an occupational disease caused disability among workers at the age of 39. In 2018 (as in 2016 and in 2017) in Ukraine, the main conditions that resulted in occupational diseases were: imperfection of mechanisms and working tools – 23.9%; the imperfection of the technological process - 19.5% and the ineffectiveness of the personal protective equipment – 13.5% of their total number. In the structure of disability due to occupational diseases, diseases of the musculoskeletal system occupied the 1st place; 2nd place – respiratory diseases; 3rd place – injuries and poisoning.
Research Methods in Applie Behavior Analysis
Authors:   Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States, Bailey Jon S. , Burch Mary R. ,   Tallahassee, Florida, United States, Cifuentes Julián ,   University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
Published: April 2021

Métodos de investigación en análisis aplicado de conducta, 2a ed. es un texto práctico que proporciona al investigador principiante una clara descripción del proceso seguido por los analistas de conducta en la realización y publicación de investigación aplicada. En una secuencia de diez pasos lógicos, el texto cubre los elementos del diseño de una investigación de caso único y las prácticas que intervienen en la organización, aplicación y evaluación de los estudios de investigación. Esta edición incluye nuevo material sobre cómo criticar un artículo de revista y cómo extraer ideas de tratamiento de los estudios publicados. El investigador novel se expone a un texto de estilo conciso y eminentemente práctico.
Malabsorption syndrome and changes in concentration of endogenous antimicrobial peptids and cytokines in hepatic echinococcosis
Authors: Gasimova K. F.
Published: April 2021

Objective. To study the levels of some cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and endogenous antimicrobial peptides (zonulin, calprotectin and lactoferrin) in patients, suffering hepatic echinococcosis, and to follow-up their changes in dynamics of postoperative treatment.

Materials and methods. There were examined 29 patients, ageing 35 - 65 yrs old, operated for hepatic echinococcosis. In accordance to scheme of the treatment conducted after laparoscopic echinococcectomy the patients were distributed into two Groups: the first one - 13 patients, who obtained the standard treatment, and the second - 16 patients, to whom, besides the standard treatment, preparation for immunocorrection was prescribed. Antibodies towards the echinococcus IgG, concentration of endogenous antimicrobal peptides and cytokines in the blood serum were studied, using immuno-enzymal analysis in dynamics.

Results. There was established, that in preoperative period in patients, suffering hepatic echinococcosis, high levels of the studied inflammation mediators are revealed, comparing with the indices in healthy persons. Conduction of postoperative treatment promotes a staged lowering of the antimicrobal peptides and cytokines concentrations. Standard treatment is less effective in lowering of the inflammation mediators levels, than combination of conventional treatment with immunocorrection.

Conclusion. In the patients, suffering hepatic echinococcosis, the levels of cytokines and antimicrobal peptides are raised. Combined treatment with immunocorrection after echinococcusectomy leads to significant lowering of the inflammation mediators levels.
Surgical treatment of patients, suffering goiter with compressive syndrome
Authors: Kovalev O. P. , Liulka O. M. , Liakhovskyi V. І. , Nemchenko І. І. , Sydorenko A. V.
Published: April 2021

Objective. To analyze the operative interventions character, performed in patients, suffering goiter of large size and cervico-retrosternal localization of thyroid gland with signs of compressive syndrome, and to determine preventive measures for prophylaxis of suboperative complications.
Materials and methods. The data were obtained, concerning operative treatment of 331 patients, suffering various forms of large size goiter, coincided with compressive syndrome and changes in anatomic-topographic interrelationship of the thyroid gland and adjacent organs and structures with their activity disorders, in Department of Surgery of the Second Clinical Hospital of Poltava (clinical base Department of Surgery No 1 of Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy) in 2004 - 2018 yrs period.
Results. There were depicted the operative interventions character, peculiarities of operative technique for patients, suffering large size goiter, as well as the ways for optimal prevention of injury of laryngeal nerves, parathyroid glands and other adjacent organs and structures. Original procedure of suboperative determination of the tracheomalacia presence and creation of external tracheal carcass was depicted.
Conclusion. The measures and procedures in operations, performed for goiter of large size proposed, have permitted to reduce the operative morbidity risks.
Internal gastric fistula, as a complication of Roux gastric shunting procedure, performed for morbid obesity
Authors: Fomin A. V. , Lavrik A. S. , Makhatadze D. Sh. , Beskrovniy I. P. , Serhiieva A. S. , Maiorenko M. N.
Published: April 2021

Internal gastric fistula, as a complication of Roux gastric shunting procedure, performed for morbid obesity
Combined injury of extrahepatic biliary ducts and right hepatic artery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Skums A. A. , Bilyi T. І.
Published: April 2021

Combined injury of extrahepatic biliary ducts and right hepatic artery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Career Readiness of Graduating Office Technology and Management Students in Polytechnics in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ezechukwu Lynda Chineze , Okanazu Oliver Okechukwu , Babalulu Muhammadu Madu-Saba , Arowolo Ayoola Abimbola , Olelewe Chijioke Jonathan
Published: April 2021

Career readiness of graduating Office Technology and Management (OTM) students of polytechnics in three states of South-East Nigeria was assessed. Career readiness was determined based on the extent to which the students possessed the attitudes and skills required for advancing on the OTM career path. The skills were aggregated into six clusters: office, managerial, entrepreneurial, ICT (information and communication technology), communication, and socio-psychological skills. Two research questions guided the study, namely (i) the extent to which the graduating OTM students possessed the requisite skills, and (ii) the career readiness index of the students. A total of 179 HND (Higher National Diploma) II students of OTM at the time of the study constituted the study population. A questionnaire, structured on a five-point scale in line with the indicators for career readiness was used to collect data from the participants. The instrument was face validated and trial tested prior to the study, yielding a 95-reliability coefficient. Mean and standard deviations were used to answer research question one, while research question two was answered using the career readiness index formula. Findings of the study showed an average career readiness index of 3.06 for the graduating OTM students in the polytechnics studied. The indicators showed that the students were lacking in office, managerial, entrepreneurial and communication skills, but rated very high in ICT and socio-psychological skills. The study concludes that there is a need for improvement and recommends, among others, that the institutions should strengthen their partnership with industry for work-based training of students to support improved effectiveness of the OTM programme.
Analisis perilaku siswa yang kecanduan game online mobile legend
Authors: Irmayani Irmayani , Anas Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Research objectives 1) determine the symptoms of students addicted to the online game Mobile Legend. 2) find out the factors that influence students addicted to the Mobile Legend online game. 3) find out the impact of Mobile Legend online game addiction on students. 4) the role of self-management techniques to reduce addiction to the Mobile Legend online game. This research is qualitative with a type of case study research. The research subjects are 2 students who are addicted to the legendary online mobile game. The research instruments used were interviews, observation and documentation. Research results: 1) Symptoms of students who are addicted to online games: a) cognitive salience b) behavioral salience c) euphoria d) external conflict e) internal conflict f) tolerance g) withdrawal symptoms. h) relapse and reinstatement 2) Factors affecting students addicted to online games are: a) reward, feedback on games b) reduce boredom towards real life c) eliminate the loneliness streotype d) social inability for players who are addicted e) low self esteem and self efficacy f) virtual environments. 3) The impact on students' learning achievements addicted to online games namely; lazy to do the task, low report card grades, feeling weak and lacking enthusiasm when I wake up in the morning, and his emotions are not stable, enthusiasm for learning is low. 4) Tutor teacher's efforts to overcome online game addiction on two students namely: a) Using an individual counseling approach, b) Conducting home visits.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK AVERSI DALAM MEMODIFIKASI PERILAKU MENYIMPANG MURID AUTIS KELAS DASAR IV DI SD INPRES MACCINI BARU MAKASSAR
Authors: Wijaya Andhar , Usman Usman
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan teknik aversi untuk memodifikasi perilaku menyimpang murid autis. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen subjek tunggal (single subjek research) dengan desain penelitian A-B-A. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah  pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah murid autis perempuan berusia 10 tahun yang bersekolah di SD Inpres Maccini Baru Makassar. Adapun sumber datanya diperoleh dari bentuk observasi , wawancara, perlakuan (treatment) dan teknik dokumentasi. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi menerapkan teknik aversi berpengaruh  terhadap penurunan perilaku menyimpang pada murid autis. Hasil tersebut dibuktikan dengan penerapan teknik aversi  dalam memodifikasi perilaku menyimpang : 1) pada baseline 1 (A1) stabil dengan persentase 100 %, 2), intervensi (B) stabil dengan persentase 57, 75 % ,  3) baseline 2 (A2) stabil dengan persentase 40 %, 4) analisis antar kondisi tidak terjadi data tumpang tindih. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan teknik aversi dapat mengurangi perilaku menyimpang murid autis kelas dasar IV di SD Inpres Maccini Baru Makassar
The impact of the oxidative status on the reproduction of cows and the calves’ health – a review
Authors: Hejel Péter , Sáfár János , Bognár Barbara , Kiss László , Jurkovich Viktor , Brydl Endre , Könyves László
Published: April 2021

The profitability of cattle farming is largely determined by ensuring high-quality breeding animals for replacement and longevity in production. The provision of breeding animals requires adequate fertility of the cowherd and then intensive weight gain in the calf rearing period. For ensuring these demands, many management aspects must be considered. Continuous monitoring of the herd’s health status, including redox status, is essential. This review aims to provide a summary of relevant scientific data published in the last few decades regarding the role of oxidative stress (OS) in infertility of dairy cows and developmental diseases in calves, the major predisposing factors, and possible prevention.
The effects of buccal administration of azaperone on the sedation level and biochemical variables of weaned piglets
Authors: Svoboda Martin , Fajt Zdeněk , Mruvčinská Michaela , Vašek Jan , Blahová Jana
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of buccal and parenteral administration of azaperone in order to achieve pig sedation. The type of study was prospective randomized and double blinded. A total of 40 weaned piglets were divided into 4 groups (10 each) and monitored. Group A was injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with azaperone (Stresnil®, 40 mg/ml inj., Elanco Animal Health) at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Group B (control) was given 1 ml of saline buccally. Group C received a dose of 2 mg/kg b.w. of azaperone buccally. Group D was given azaperone buccally at a dose of 4 mg/kg b.w. The response to defined stimulus (a blunt blow of a metal rod into the metal edge of the pen), degree of salivation, movement level, blood plasma azaperone concentration, and the haematological and biochemical variables were included in the study. We found that the buccal administration of azaperone is effective, however, a dose of 4 mg/kg b.w. is required to induce a sedation level comparable to the standard 2 mg/kg b.w. i.m. administration.
The effect of a fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, growth hormone, and Biolaminin 521 LN on the proliferative activity of cat stem cells
Authors: Mazurkevych Anatoliy , Malyuk Mykola , Melnyk Oleg , Kovpak Vitalii , Kovpak Oksana , Kharkevych Yuriy , Gryzinska Magdalena , Jakubczak Andrzej
Published: April 2021

The wide use of cell technologies in clinical practice requires a large amount of cell material, which has led to improvement in culture conditions, making it possible to obtain more cell material in a shorter period of time. Thus, the purpose of our paper was to study the effects of different concentrations of an insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), a fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2),| a growth hormone (rhGH), and Biolaminin 521 LN (LN 521) on the proliferative activity and genetic stability of stem cell cultures derived from the cat bone marrow, adipose tissue, and myocardium. Cell cultures for the experiment were obtained from the adipose tissue, bone marrow, and myocardium of a cat. Differences were found in the effects of the various growth promoters on the proliferative activity of cells in the culture. The IGF-1 demonstrated a positive effect on the proliferative activity of all cultures. The addition of the rhGH to the bone marrow-derived cell culture increased the size of the cells and decreased the proliferation index relative to the control group. The addition of the growth factors to the culture medium did not significantly increase the number of cells with altered karyotype in any of the cultures relative to the control group.
Protective effect of Celtis tournefortii against copper-induced toxicity in rat liver
Authors: Temiz Mehmet Ali , Temur Atilla , Akgeyik Yusuf , Uyar Ahmet
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects ofCeltis tournefortiifruit extract (Ct) against copper-induced liver damage in rats. Thirty-two Wistar Albino rats were divided into four equal groups (n = 8): Control, Copper (Cu), Copper +C. tournefortii(Cu+Ct), andC. tournefortii(Ct). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were analysed in the liver tissues. Liver histopathology was also evaluated. Alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase significantly decreased in the Cu+Ct group compared with the Cu group. Oxidative stress parameters MDA and TOS significantly increased with copper administration, whereas they decreased withC. tournefortiico-treatment compared to Cu group. GSH concentration and TAS showed significant decreases with copper administration.Celtis tournefortiico-supplementation with copper significantly enhanced antioxidant parameters such as TAS, SOD, and GPx.Celtis tournefortiiremarkably attenuated degenerative and necrotic changes caused by the oral exposure of copper in the liver tissue of rats.Celtis tournefortiimay provide amelioration of the antioxidant status and moderation of severity of liver damage against copper toxicity. The therapeutic use ofC. tournefortiimay exhibit protective effects in liver injury treatment.
Influence of smoking and packaging methods on physicochemical and microbiological quality of smoked mackerel (Scomber scombrus)
Authors: Popelka Peter , Šuleková Monika , Jevinová Pavlína , Semjon Boris , Hudáková Terézia , Klempová Tatiana , Čertík Milan , Roba Pavol , Várady Matúš
Published: April 2021

Flesh and fatty acid compositions, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), lipid oxidation and aerobic plate count, Enterobacteriaceae, psychrotrophic bacteria were determined in raw and smoked mackerel during cold storage (three groups differing in way of packaging; unpacked (UP), vacuum packaging (VP) and modified atmosphere (MAP) at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. The protein, fat content and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids increased after smoking. The pH value and TVB-N were significantly higher in unpacked mackerel. Initial malondialdehyde concentration in raw mackerel was lowered after smoking and then lipid oxidation was the most pronounced in unpacked mackerel. Hot smoking, vacuum packaging, and modified atmosphere reduced bacterial growth, while the microbial contamination in all groups was below the limits during the whole period of storage. However, physicochemical properties of unpacked mackerel exceeded the limits from day 35 on. The present study indicates a lowering of products of secondary lipid oxidation after smoking followed by accelerated lipid degradation during cold storage of unpacked smoked mackerel. It is suggested that the smoking process and appropriate packaging method can protect lipids as well as valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids from oxidation. Vacuum packaging and modified atmosphere ensured microbial quality and protein and lipid stability. Their use is recommended for extending the shelf life of smoked fish considering the initial microbial and also chemical quality before and after smoking.
Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Pembelajaran Matematika Menggunakan Catatan Khusus Berkarakter
Authors: . Prawoto
Published: April 2021

Setiap tindakan mendidik selalu memiliki demensi pembentukan karakter dalam diri siswa (Albertus D. K., 2015a). Sebagai guru matematika masih belum dapat mengendalikan secara baik terutama tentang perilaku siswa tanpa berkaitan dengan mata pelajaran dengan buku catatan khusus seperti halnya jurnal mengajar. Buku catatan khusus siswa dapat untuk mencatat siswa yang telah mempresentasikan soal matematika di depan kelas dan menandatangani buku catatan khusus tersebut sebagai catatan positif sebagai perhatian guru, sering kali untuk mencatat hal negatif siswa yang memerlukan tindak lanjut. Catatan khusus siswa menjadi motivasi untuk berlomba mempresentasikan ditandai dengan tanda tangan siswa. Menjadi keharusan pembelajaran matematika dapat menumbuhkan dan menguatkan karakter kreatif, gigih, cinta damai, toleran, dan, rasa ingin tahu (Sumardyono, 2004).

Terinspirasi Art-ong Jumsai Na Ayudhya dalam Bukunya berjudul Integration of Human Values in Sciences and Mathematics perlunya memaparkan beberapa ide nilai-nilai karakter dalam pembelajaran matematika yang harus terus menerus menuangkan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan kepada anak.

Karakter yang dapat ditumbuh-kuatkan dengan cara pandang fallibilist antara lain: kreatif, toleran, peduli lingkungan, demokratif, gigih, religius, cermat, argumentatif, dan masih banyak lagi. Filsafat fallibilist juga sesuai dengan berbagai deskripsi matematika yang telah dibahas di bagian sebelumnya. Karakteristik matematika yang beragam berpotensi untuk menumbuhkan dan menguatkan karakter baik langsung maupun tidak langsung. Dari dua golongan besar cara pandang matematika: absolutis dan fallibilis, maka cara pandang fallibilis dianggap lebih berpotensi untuk menumbuhkan karakter melalui pembelajaran matematika.
Pemanfaatan Latent Semantic Indexing untuk Mengukur Potensi Kerjasama Jurnal Ilmiah Lintas Universitas
Authors: Fernando Edward Hanafi , Toba Hapnes
Published: April 2021

Abstract— This paper presents a cooperation recommendation strategy between higher education institution. The recommendation is based on the contents of journals published in a university journal portal. As a case study, we concentrate our approach for the journals with information technology themes. All journals from 10 reputed universities will be compared by using keywords and the contents of the journal themselves. A partnering recommendation list is built by utilizing Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI). LSI technique is used to reduce the curse of dimensionality from the original data set and to generate topical analysis from all journals as semantic representation for each journals. Topic modeling is used to calculate the categorical similarity in the data set of each university journal and a search query. After all categorical similarities have been calculated, an average value of journal topics coherence is used to construct the final recommendation of partner candidates. This approach ensure that the final recommendation is based on the interest of each university rather than the frequencies of matched keywords in each journal.
A prospective study of quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy
Authors: Xiao Canhua , Miller Andrew H. , Torres Mylin A.
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of radiation therapy on quality of life (QOL) of breast cancer patients during and until 1 year after radiation therapy treatment.

Methods and materials: Thirty-nine breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving surgery were enrolled in a prospective study before whole breast radiation therapy (50 Gy plus a 10-Gy boost). No patient received chemotherapy. Data were collected before, at week 6 of radiation therapy, and 6 weeks and 1 year after radiation therapy. The primary outcome variable was quality of life (QOL), measured by Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Version 2 (SF-36). Risk factors potentially associated with total SF-36 scores and its physical and mental health component summary scores were also examined, including age, race, marital status, smoking history, menopausal status, endocrine treatment, cancer stage, sleep abnormalities (assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and perceived stress levels (assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale). Mixed effect modeling was used to observe QOL changes during and after radiation therapy.

Results: Total SF-36 scores did not change significantly during and up to 1 year after radiation therapy compared with baseline measures. Nevertheless, increased body mass index (BMI) and increased perceived stress were predictive of reduced total SF-36 scores over time (P Z .0064, and P < .0001, respectively). In addition, increased BMI was predictive of reduced physical component summary scores of the SF-36 (P Z .0011), whereas increased perceived stress was predictive of worse mental component summary scores (P < .0001). Other proposed potential risk factors including skin toxicity from radiation therapy were not significant.

Conclusions: Radiation therapy did not worsen QOL in breast cancer patients. However, preradiation therapy patient characteristics including BMI and perceived stress may be used to identify women who may experience decreased physical and mental function during and up to 1 year after radiation therapy.

Copyright 2016 the Authors. Published by EJCS on behalf of Uptodate In Medicine LLC Health Sciences Publishing. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Palliative care and hospice services outside of Azerbaijan
Authors: Mammadov Jeyhun , Seyidov Nabil Z , Babazade Sabina , Gafarov Lutfi , Musayev Tofig
Published: April 2021

Palliativ qayğı ağır xəstəliyi olan xəstələr və onların ailələrinin mümkün həyat keyfiyyətinin dəstəklənməsi və əzab-əziyyətin profilaktikası və azaldılmasına yönəlmiş multidissiplinar tibbi ixtisasdır. Palliativ qayğının əsasını simptomların menecmenti təşkil edir. Bu növ qayğı zamanı diqqətin cəlb olunduğu məsələlərə aşağıdakılar aiddir: xəstənin önəm verdiyi mənəvi dəyərlər və istəklər əsasında qayğının məqsəd və vəzifələrinin müəyyənləşdirilməsi; xəstə və ona göstərilən qayğıda iştirak edən bütün şəxslər arasında davamlı ünsiyyətin təmin edilməsi; xəstələrə və onların ailələrinə psixososial, mənəvi, dini və praktik dəstəyin göstərilməsi; və bütün spektr üzrə qayğının koordinasiyası. 
Hospis və Palliativ Təbabət ABŞ-da, Kanadada, İngiltərədə, Avstraliyada və bir çox digər ölkələrdə rəsmi tanınan tibb sahəsidir və ixtisasıdır. Əksər Avropa ölkələrində palliativ qayğının sertifikasiyası və lisenziyalaşdırılması prosesi xeyli müddətdir ki, başlayıb. Lakin dünyanın digər ölkələrində palliativ qayğı sistemi ya mövcud deyil, ya da onun keyfiyyəti və əhatəliyi çox məhduddur. Tədqiqatların birindən müəyyən edilmişdir ki, palliativ qayğı xidmətlərinə ehtiyacı olan xəstələrin yalnız 8%-ı bu xidmətlərdən bəhrələnir.
An Experimental Study on Concrete’s Durability and Mechanical Characteristics Subjected to Different Curing Regimes
Authors: Borrero Edgar L. S. , Farhangi Visar , Jadidi Kazem , Karakouzian Moses
Published: April 2021

Considering a constant demand in construction of concrete structures to develop novel approaches for predicting the concert’s properties, a host of investigations were performed on concrete’s mechanical properties and durability under various curing regimes. However, few studies were concerned with evaluating the concrete’s durability using non-destructive concrete surface resistivity tests by applying various curing conditions. The present study compares the influence of different curing regimes on durability and compressive strength of concrete to recommend the most effective curing conditions on concrete’s characteristics.  Five curing conditions including ambient, laboratory, dry oven, wet oven and 7-days were analyzed. Accordingly, a non-destructive concrete surface resistivity test was performed on the concrete specimens using hand-held Wenner Resipod probe meter as a reliable and rapid approach. To analyze specimen’s durability, results of the surface sensitivity tests were correlated to chloride ion penetration rate based on the cylinder specimen dimensions and the degree of chloride ion penetration. The compressive strength tests were conducted on the specimens after 7, 28 and 56 days to determine the effect of curing conditions at different ages. Based on the reported outcomes, applying the wet oven curing regime results in higher compressive strength and durability compared to the other curing conditions. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091681 Full Text: PDF