bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Physical Activity among Female Undergraduate Students of Umm Al-Qura University
Authors: Faisal A. Barwais1
Published: February 2021

Background: Whereas being physically active has well-documented benefits, physical inactivitycauses major non-communicable diseases. This study assessed physical activity levels among femaleundergraduate students at Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during UQU’s first semester, spanning September toDecember 2019, and involved 516 female undergraduate students aged 18 to 27 years (mean age ± SD:22.22 ± 1.8 years). The participants were administered the online version of the International PhysicalActivity Questionnaire.Results: Among the participants, 322 (62%) had a total physical activity of 236.6 ± 141.3 MET (metabolicequivalent of task) minutes/week, indicating engagement in light-intensity physical activity; 184 (35.7%)had 2997.0 ± 613.3 MET minutes of activity per week, equivalent to moderate-intensity physical activity;and 10 of the participants registered 3193.7 ± 218.1 MET minutes of activity per week, pointing to vigorousphysical engagement.Conclusion: The female undergraduate students exhibited low rates of physical activity. Understanding thesefindings may increase awareness of implications for the essential development of government initiatives,especially Saudi Arabia’s Quality of Life Program 2030, which is aimed at increasing physical activitylevels in all ages.
Imaging of SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 cells by helium ion microscopy
Authors: Frese Natalie , Schmerer Patrick , Wortmann Martin , Schürmann Matthias , König Matthias , Westphal Michael , Weber Friedemann , Sudhoff Holger , Gölzhäuser Armin
Published: February 2021

Helium ion microscopy (HIM) offers the opportunity to obtain direct views of biological samples such as cellular structures, virus particles, and microbial interactions. Imaging with the HIM combines sub-nanometer resolution, large depth of field, and high surface sensitivity. Due to its charge compensation capability, the HIM can image insulating biological samples without additional conductive coatings. Here, we present an exploratory HIM study of SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 cells, in which several areas of interaction between cells and virus particles, as well as among virus particles, were imaged. The HIM pictures show the three-dimensional appearance of SARS-CoV-2 and the surface of Vero E6 cells at a multiplicity of infection of approximately 1 with great morphological detail. The absence of a conductive coating allows for a distinction between virus particles bound to the cell membrane and virus particles lying on top of the membrane. After prolonged imaging, it was found that ion-induced deposition of hydrocarbons from the vacuum renders the sample sufficiently conductive to allow for imaging even without charge compensation. The presented images demonstrate the potential of the HIM in bioimaging, especially for the imaging of interactions between viruses and their host organisms.
Covid-19-Miniglossar
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: February 2021

N/A
Letter to the Editor: Strawberries: Facts, Truth, Misinformation, Publication Bias and the Importance of Negative Results.
Authors: Dennis Robert
Published: February 2021

We commonly make the assumption that information provided in instructions and/or publications is correct and based on proven and unbiased knowledge.  In a recent study about strawberry seed germination, which will be reported concurrently with this letter, seed supplier’s instructions (based on accepted wisdom among growers) were actually tested, and the results of that part of the study brought to mind the insidious nature of publication bias. This testing was done because the seed planting in question was a crucial component of a scientific study I recently completed on the effects of electromagnetic fields on seed germination in which more than 7,000 seeds were planted, carefully and individually, and their germination rates were studied closely.

Briefly, the recent study to which I will make reference describes the interaction between three different treatments prior to planting the seeds:  pre-freezing, pre-soaking, and the application of PEMF.  It is widely held that the first two, especially pre-freezing, is essential for strawberry seed germination.  These procedures are also often reported in the methods section as a side note in scientific reports, so I took them as a given.  Our goal was to determine the extent to which the application of PEMF interacted with either or both of the widely accepted pre-treatments.  But when the data came in, I did not see evidence of any positive effects on germination resulting from either pre-treatment when studied separately or in combination.  In fact, both pre-treatments appeared to have a slight negative effect on the germination rate, and neither under any circumstances interacted with PEMF treatment in a positive way at any level of practical importance.  These negative results will be submitted for publication in JoSaM, in keeping with our policy to fight against publication bias.
Designing Chemistry Learning Media to Train Ecopreneurship
Authors: Hidayah Rusly , Lutfi Achmad , Novita Dian
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to get the draft chemistry learning media design developed to support ecopreneurship. Ecopreneurship at FMIPA UNESA is broken down into eco-innovation (new ideas), eco opportunities, and eco commitment. Design of this research is giving the assignment to research objectives. The model development research with stages, SMK learning in class, students doing assignments, arrange learning media design, assessing game design, and data analysis. The assignment is compiling a plan for developing instructional media that can be applied in chemistry learning in SMK. That assignment was assessed by 3 experts and the score was averaged. The assessment has been fulfilled if all media plans have met the fulfillment criteria. The innovation of chemistry media was also assessed and has met the innovation when obtaining an average of at least 4 with a maximum scale of 5. This research was conducted at the Department of Chemistry FMIPA UNESA in the odd semester of the academic year 2019/2020. the results showed 4 vocational chemistry learning media designs, (1) VCO-Making KIT, (2) Voltaic Cell KIT, (3) Acid-base Mini Lab, and (4) Red and Ox Games. All of that has fulfilled the contents and construct besides that the student has a new idea.
Monarda essential oils as natural cosmetic preservative systems
Authors: GONTAR Lukasz , HERMAN Anna , OSİNSKA Ewa
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was (1) to compare the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) obtained from leaves and inflorescences of Monarda media, Monarda didyma and Monarda citriodora found in different phenological stages of development, (2) to examine the inhibition of microbial growth by Monarda EOs in O/W emulsions. Thymol, p-cymene and carvacrol were the main constituents in Monarda EOs. The strongest antimicrobial activity were obtained from the leaves of Monarda EOs in the flowering phase of the development. M. media EO fulfilled the criterion of the preservative effectiveness test for all tested bacteria and fungi, while M. didyma and M. citriodora EOs does not meet criterion for Gram-negative bacteria. M. media EO can be an effective candidate for a natural cosmetic preservatives and finally create self-preserving system in O/W emulsion, while M. didyma and M. citriodora EOs can only reduce concentration of synthetic preservatives in O/W emulsions.
Transforming Public Administration with CAF - 20 years of the Common Assessment Framework - Öffentliches Management und Finanzwirtschaft Band 23
Authors: Parzer Philip
Published: February 2021

The CAF is the European Common Assessment Framework for better quality in public administration, and it celebrates its 20th anniversary in 2020. The CAF improves public administration through self-assessment by the employees and executives of "their" organisation. The beginning of the CAF dates back to 1998 when the ministers of the European Public Administration Network (EUPAN) commissioned designing "general principles concerning the improvement of the quality of services provided to citizens". The CAF 2020 is the ﬁfth version of the CAF, and it is designed to be the European guideline for good governance and excellence in public sector organisations. In four chapters, this book provides an overview of how the CAF is contributing to transform public administration. About 30 designated CAF experts from academia and practice offer insights into the impact of the CAF in different ﬁelds of public sector organisations, reﬂecting the powerful role of the CAF in navigating through challenging times. Furthermore, this book provides an overview of the institutional status of the CAF in Europe and internationally, and it shows the necessary steps for further strengthening the CAF as the number one tool for transformation and quality in the public sector. As a resumé of the book, it can be stated that the CAF initiates and accompanies the transformation of public administration, especially through: transforming the organisation towards change and organisational development; transforming public administration towards the Sustainable Development Goals; transforming the public sector towards effective governance, multi-level collaboration and comprehensive policy-ﬁeld-thinking; making public administration and structural reforms successful; and driving states and societies towards European integration and European values.
Quality Metric for Spitzer–Braginskii and Grad 8 Moment Heat Flux Closures
Authors: Scudder J. D.
Published: February 2021

Quality metrics for Spitzer–Härm and Grad closures are presented based on the percentage of the heat flux moment supported only by nonnegative, physical, phase space densities

underlying the closure. The Spitzer and Grad qualities exceed 95% for the perturbative regimes where Spitzer’s formulation is analytically known to be convergent. Beyond this regime both heat flux qualities fall about 30% per decade increase of ϵ > 0.01. In the solar corona the first decade’s decrease in quality straddles the radius of the coronal temperature maximum and spans the initial acceleration of the solar wind. By the end of the second decade of increase of ϵ the observer is between 5 and 10R
⊙, already in conditions comparable to those at 1 au with ≃60% degradation of quality. These strong radial decays of closure quality show that integrating the fluid equations using such closures must represent a very poor assay of the role and effects of ∇ · q had the heat flux been described throughout with a uniformly high quality closure procedure. For small ϵ,

occurs for cosine of pitch angle μ < 0 opposed to q at speeds above 2 thermal speeds and are omnipresent (but ignorable) for truly perturbative closures. Above a computed threshold in ϵ unphysical

occurs for speeds below 2 thermal speeds with μ > 0. The present work graphically shows

regimes becoming increasingly pervasive as ϵ increases, first crossing ≃4 thermal speeds at μ < 0 and then representing ever larger unphysical incursions within the needed velocity sphere required to accurately determine the heat flux.
A Catalog of High-velocity C iv Mini-broad Absorption Lines in the VLT-UVES and Keck-HIRES Archives
Authors: Chen Chen , Hamann Fred , Ma Bo , Murphy Michael
Published: February 2021

We present a catalog of high-velocity C iv
λ1548,1551 mini-broad absorption lines (mini-BALs) in the archives of the Very Large Telescope-UV Visual Echelle Spectrograph and Keck-High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer. We identify C iv mini-BALs based on smooth rounded BAL-like profiles with velocity blueshifts <−4000 km s−1 and widths in the range 70 ≲ FWHM(1548) ≲ 2000 km s−1. We find 105 mini-BALs in 44 quasars from a total sample of 638 quasars. The fraction of quasars with at least one mini-BAL meeting our criteria is roughly ∼9% after correcting for incomplete velocity coverage. All of the systems are highly ionized based on the strong presence of N v and O vi and/or the absence of Si ii and C ii when within the wavelength coverage. Two of the mini-BAL systems in our catalog, plus three others at smaller velocity shifts, have P v λ1118,1128 absorption indicating highly saturated C iv absorption and total hydrogen column densities ≳1022 cm−2. Most of the mini-BALs are confirmed to have optical depths ≳1 with partial covering of the quasar continuum source. The covering fractions are as small as 0.06 in C iv and 0.03 in Si iv, corresponding to outflow absorbing structures <0.002 pc across. When multiple lines are measured, the lines of less abundant ions tend to have narrower profiles and smaller covering fractions indicative of inhomogeneous absorbers where higher column densities occur in smaller clumps. This picture might extend to BAL outflows if the broader and generally deeper BALs form in either the largest clumps or collections of many mini-BAL-like clumps that blend together in observed quasar spectra.
Understanding the Puzzling Acceleration of Jets of Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Xu Qian , Gong Bi-Ping , Liu Meng-Xu , Lu Ru-Sen , Yan Xi , Dong Shi-Yin
Published: February 2021

As relativistic plasma launches from a compact object at the center of a galaxy, the corresponding outflow should slow down with the increase of separation from the core due to energy dissipation along the path. However, some long-baseline observations of active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets show that the velocity of jets increases rather than decreases at a larger and larger separation from the core. The mechanism of such an acceleration of astrophysical jets has not been well understood so far, although much progress has been achieved on theoretical and observational perspectives. This paper illustrates the phenomenon of jet acceleration that emerged in some AGNs by the nonballistic model in which some nonconsecutive knots are produced by a continuous outflow at different distances from the central black hole; such knots appear to rotate along different radii at the same precession cone in the case of a precessing jet. The projection of the trajectories of such knots on the plane of the sky leads us to expect that jet components further from the core move at larger apparent velocities. The investigation provides a very simple scenario to the puzzling phenomena of astrophysical jets.
Measuring Turbulence with Young Stars in the Orion Complex
Authors: Ha Trung , Li Yuan , Xu Siyao , Kounkel Marina , Li Hui
Published: February 2021

Stars form in molecular clouds in the interstellar medium (ISM) with a turbulent kinematic state. Newborn stars therefore should retain the turbulent kinematics of their natal clouds. Gaia DR2 and APOGEE-2 surveys in combination provide three-dimensional (3D) positions and 3D velocities of young stars in the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex. Using the full 6D measurements, we compute the velocity structure functions (VSFs) of the stars in six different groups within the Orion Complex. We find that the motions of stars in all diffuse groups exhibit strong characteristics of turbulence. Their first-order VSFs have a power-law exponent ranging from ∼0.2–0.5 on scales of a few to a few tens of parsecs, generally consistent with Larson’s relation. On the other hand, dense star clusters, such as the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), have experienced rapid dynamical relaxation, and have lost the memory of the initial turbulent kinematics. The VSFs of several individual groups and the whole Complex all show features supporting local energy injection from supernovae. The measured strength of turbulence depends on the location relative to the supernova epicenters and the formation history of the groups. Our detection of turbulence traced by young stars introduces a new method of probing the turbulent kinematics of the ISM. Unlike previous gas-based studies with only projected measurements accessible to observations, we utilize the full 6D information of stars, presenting a more complete picture of the 3D interstellar turbulence.
Beta-Lactam Allergy: Real Practice in a Regional Hospital
Authors: Kim Hyerim , Lee Jaechun , Kim Sejin
Published: February 2021

Background/Aims: Beta-lactam (BL) antibiotics are widely prescribed for controlling bacterial infections and relevant culprits of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). BL allergy may vary according to prescription patterns within a given period of time. However, BL allergy in contemporary clinical practice has rarely been a focus of research.Methods: To investigate the clinical characteristics of BL allergy, subjects with ADRs to medicines, including BL antibiotics, were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Among the 175 enrolled subjects, BL antibiotics as culprits were confirmed in 79 (45.1%, female 53.2%, age 49 ± 14 years). Among the patients with confirmed BL allergy, only two (2.5%) were diagnosed via a prescription survey completed as part of multi-drug administration. The others were confirmed by serologic tests in 33 patients (41.8%), skin tests in 29 (36.7%), and drug provocation tests in 15 (19.0%). Regarding the symptoms and signs, onset within an hour of taking medicines was common (61 patients, 77.3%). Itchy skin was most common, followed by hives, rash, breathing difficulty, angioedema, and hypotension. Anaphylaxis occurred in 67%, and one-half (50.6%) of patients visited the emergency room. Cefaclor and amoxicillin were common BL culprits. Among others who did not have BL allergy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were found to be common culprits, followed by quinolones.Conclusions: BL allergy is common among patients who experienced ADRs to medicines including BL antibiotics. For multi-drug administration, a prescription survey hardly helped in confirming BL allergy. Anaphylaxis is common in patients with BL allergy, frequently leading to emergency room visits. Cefaclor and amoxicillin are common culprits.
Impact of a Primary Health Care Chronic Diseases Management Pilot Program
Authors: Song Eunju , Kim Young-Eun , Ji Seonmi
Published: February 2021

Considerable efforts have been made to prevent and manage hypertension and diabetes, but the prevalence of these diseases has not changed significantly over the past 10 years. Hypertension and diabetes are chronic conditions requiring continuous treatment and management. Controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels can prevent life-threatening complications and a deterioration in the quality of life. Community-centered primary health care is characterized by inclusiveness and continuous contact. Well-established primary health care services can reduce the number of unnecessary emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and medical tests, and therefore minimize unnecessary medical expenses. However, the number of patients treated for mild chronic diseases at large hospitals has increased, with a concomitant decrease in the proportion of outpatient clinic visits (41.6% in 2007 vs. 37.8% in 2016). Thus, there is a clear need to strengthen primary health care, including for the treatment of chronic diseases. To establish a chronic diseases management system based on local clinics, the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea launched a pilot chronic diseases management program aimed at increasing patient acceptance of local primary health care. The program was implemented in 2014, 2016, and 2019. This review examines the short-term impact of the pilot program with respect to the prevention and management of hypertension and diabetes.
Peer Debriefing Versus Instructor-Led Debriefing for Nursing Simulation
Authors: Rueda-Medina Blanca , Schmidt-RíoValle Jacqueline , González-Jiménez Emilio , Fernández-Aparicio Ángel , Encarnación Aguilar-Ferrándiz María , Correa-Rodríguez María
Published: February 2021

Background:

Debriefing is the reflective process following the simulation experience. We aimed to compare the debriefing assessment and debriefing satisfaction perceived by nursing students who underwent different debriefing methods.

Method:

An experimental study conducted on three groups (instructor-led debriefing, peer debriefing, and combined debriefing) was performed for 177 nursing students. Differences in the debriefing satisfaction were assessed using the Clinical Experience Simulation scale, the Visual Analogue scale, and the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH).

Results:

VAS scores for satisfaction differed significantly between the instructor-led debriefing, peer debriefing, and combined debriefing groups. In the Clinical Experience Simulation scale, the combined debriefing group was significantly higher compared with instructor-led debriefing. The total score for DASH was significantly higher in the combined debriefing group compared with instructor-led debriefing, and in instructor-led debriefing compared with peer debriefing.

Conclusion:

Combining debriefing after a simulation session improves the debriefing satisfaction and the perceived debriefing assessment among nursing students.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(2):90–95.]
Existence and regularity results for a singular parabolic equations with degenerate coercivity
Authors: Ouardy Mounim El , Hadfi Youssef El , Ifzarne Aziz
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is to prove existence and regularity of solutions for the following nonlinear singular parabolic problem

   \begin{document}$ \left\{ \begin{array}{lll} \dfrac{\partial u}{\partial t}-\mbox{div}\left( \dfrac{a(x,t,u,\nabla u)}{(1+|u|)^{\theta(p-1)}}\right) +g(x,t,u) = \dfrac{f}{u^{\gamma}} &\mbox{in}&\,\, Q,\\ u(x,0) = 0 &\mbox{on} & \Omega,\\ u = 0 &\mbox{on} &\,\, \Gamma. \end{array} \right. $\end{document}

Here \begin{document}$ \Omega $\end{document} is a bounded open subset of \begin{document}$ I\!\!R^{N} (N>p\geq 2), T>0 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ f $\end{document} is a non-negative function that belong to some Lebesgue space, \begin{document}$ f\in L^{m}(Q) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ Q = \Omega \times(0,T) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ \Gamma = \partial\Omega\times(0,T) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ g(x,t,u) = |u|^{s-1}u $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ s\geq 1, $\end{document} \begin{document}$ 0\leq\theta< 1 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ 0<\gamma<1. $\end{document}
An efficient D-N alternating algorithm for solving an inverse problem for Helmholtz equation
Authors: Berdawood Karzan , Nachaoui Abdeljalil , Saeed Rostam , Nachaoui Mourad , Aboud Fatima
Published: February 2021

Data completion known as Cauchy problem is one most investigated inverse problems. In this work we consider a Cauchy problem associated with Helmholtz equation. Our concerned is the convergence of the well-known alternating iterative method [25]. Our main result is to restore the convergence for the classical iterative algorithm (KMF) when the wave numbers are considerable. This is achieved by, some simple modification for the Neumann condition on the under-specified boundary and replacement by relaxed Neumann ones. Moreover, for the small wave number \begin{document}$ k $\end{document}, when the convergence of KMF algorithm's [25] is ensured, our algorithm can be used as an acceleration of convergence.

In this case, we present theoretical results of the convergence of this relaxed algorithm. Meanwhile it, we can deduce the convergence intervals related to the relaxation parameters in different situations. In contrast to the existing results, the proposed algorithm is simple to implement converges for all choice of wave number.

We approach our algorithm using finite element method to obtain an accurate numerical results, to affirm theoretical results and to prove it's effectiveness.
« Construire ou pas ? »
Authors: Venouil Alexia
Published: February 2021

L’article s’intéresse aux discours de justification autour de la construction de prisons, produits par des acteurs politiques et administratifs, qui y sont favorables ou opposés. À partir d’entretiens, de rapports et de discours publics au Canada et en France, trois types d’arguments sont mis en évidence : humanisation des conditions de détention, sécurité et rentabilité économique. Nous montrons que ces arguments sont réversibles, justifiant aussi bien la décision de construction et de non-construction. Cet article éclaire sur la singularité de l’institution carcérale qui réside dans la difficulté de la mettre en discours, tant pour ses partisans que pour ses opposants.
Training Strategies for Organic Agriculture as a Pathway to Achieve the SDGs
Authors: de Porras Miguel , Haller Lisa , Alexander Sigrid
Published: February 2021

The current agricultural and food system needs to become more sustainable. Scientific evidence shows that organic agriculture is particularly environmental beneficial and can contribute to the achievement of the SDGs. Yet, it is a knowledge intensive practice and all actors along the value chain need to be accordingly trained. Focusing on farmers, this chapter assesses available training initiatives in the sector. In order to become more effective, public bodies should engage more in capacity building and training on organics. Moreover, additional training initiatives should focus on specific crops or agricultural systems, which also addresses the training need of farmers in conversion. The use of ICT has the potential to facilitate the development of more efficient training interventions. The further development of training initiatives is a vehicle to promote organic agriculture and ultimately to contribute to achieving the SDGs and climate mitigation and adaptation in particular.
Knowing the Father
Authors: Williams David. T.
Published: February 2021

The emergence of the Charismatic movement has generated a new awareness and interest in the Person and work of the Holy Spirit, but has also brought a realisation that there is a still-neglected Person of the Trinity, the Father. Part of the reason for this lies in the historical development in the doctrine of the Trinity, which led to a belief that external actions of God are not differentiated between the Persons, and also in the fact that the Father only generally acts in the world by Son and Spirit, so has no clear role. It seems natural to attribute creation to the Father, but even here, the Bible sees the Son as the actual creator. Nevertheless, the Father can be seen as the source of the concepts and means behind the material; interestingly there are hints of this in classical Greek thought and other faiths. This is ongoing, perhaps particularly in the evolutionary process of the world. Thus, paralleling the incarnation, the Father is present in the material universe, as its ethos. He can also be seen to be affected by creation, sharing in its nature in his kenōsis, and in its suffering. Creation then inspires a sense of wonder not only from its existence, extent and nature, but from its interactions and underlying concepts; this is worship of the Father. Sin is then when this is overlooked, or when actions disrupt it; these are an offence to the Father.
The Relevance of John 1:1-18 for contemporary Christians
Authors: Kolawole Oladotun Paul
Published: February 2021

Often times, a written piece unfolds with a presentation which is somewhat introductory in nature. In this sphere, the preamble of the subject matter is unveiled and this tends to form the framework of the whole literature; in fact, a clear picture of the foreword helps the reader, audience or interpreter unravel the message of the piece because the prologue serves as a key to unlock several other parts of the book. This understanding seems inherent in the Gospel of John, one of the books that present the account of Jesus’ ministry on earth. Although, the book of John has been widely controversial, its prologue (1:1-18) is an integral portion in the account and it has received a great deal of attention because of its wholeness and its importance to the book in its entirety. This study critically engages the prologue of the Johannine Gospel with the view of ascertaining its significance and importance to the Gospel account as a whole.
Heritage Language Development: Understanding the Roles of Ethnic Identity and
Saturday School Participation
Authors: Chinen Kiyomi , Tucker G. Richard
Published: February 2021

This paper reports on a study of 31 Japanese-American adolescents enrolled in a Saturday Japanese heritage school (JHL) in Los Angeles. The study examined the relationship of the participants’ sense of ethnic identity, attitudes toward the JHL school and self assessed proficiency in Japanese. The major finding of the study, consistent with previous research, was that the variables examined were significantly related. The results also revealed that the older students had a stronger sense of identity as Japanese than the younger students. Moreover, in six months, positive gains were observed in Japanese ethnic identity as Japanese, attitudes toward their JHL school, and self-assessed Japanese proficiency.
Teacher Beliefs and Practices in Advanced Spanish Classrooms
Authors: Lacorte Manel , Canabal Evelyn
Published: February 2021

The growing presence of Latino students in U.S. colleges and universities is evident in foreign language (FL) classrooms. Latino students with a high proficiency level in Spanish are usually placed in advanced language or content-based courses along with other non-Latino students. This paper examines university instructors’ beliefs and practices concerning interaction in advanced Spanish courses with heritage and nonheritage students. The participants were 15 instructors of diverse academic and professional backgrounds teaching advanced Spanish courses at a large research-oriented public university. Following a process of selection, verification, and generalization of linguistic metaphors used to talk about the topic, this qualitative study analyzes data collected through a questionnaire, interviews, and non-participant observations. The discussion addresses the instructors’ beliefs and perceptions with regard to: (1) the classroom environment; (2) their role as teachers of advanced-level courses; (3) the students enrolled in these courses; and (4) the contrast between what teachers consider to be the desired interaction in an advanced language classroom, and what actually happens.
Heritage Language Reading in the University: A Survey of Students’ Experiences, Strategies, and Preferences
Authors: Jensen Linda , Llosa Lorena
Published: February 2021

This paper examines the reading experiences, strategies, and curriculum preferences of
university-level heritage language students. One hundred and twenty eight students
enrolled in four different heritage language programs at UCLA—Korean, Russian, Thai,
and Vietnamese—completed a survey about their exposure to print, early and current
reading experiences, strategy use, learning goals, and preferences. The survey revealed
that the majority of the students were interested in achieving university-level academic
reading proficiency, yet students reported spending little time reading in their HL despite
the availability of print in many of their homes. This might be explained by the fact that
students reported not transferring skills from English to the HL and that they perceived
themselves to be slow readers. Moreover, most HL students expressed that their reason
for learning the HL was to maintain their cultural identity and thus would like to read
texts embedded with cultural and historical information in the HL classroom. The survey
results underscore the importance of sustaining students’ motivation in HL literacy
courses by selecting appropriate materials that are connected to students’ goals for
learning the HL, and providing explicit instruction in reading skills and strategies in both
English and the HL. Results of this study will be of particular use to HL curriculum
planners and material developers.
Prospective Bilingual Teachers’ Perceptions of the Importance of their Heritage Language
Authors: Rodríguez Alma Dolores
Published: February 2021

This article describes the results of a study of future bilingual teachers’ perspectives on
the importance of Spanish, their heritage language, in their careers. The study examined
the participants’ experiences with Spanish throughout their education, their perceptions
of the role of Spanish instruction in their teacher preparation program, and their anticipation of its importance in their teaching careers. The results show that prospective
bilingual teachers have developed varying levels of academic Spanish proficiency before
entering the university, and that they consider the academic Spanish instruction in their
teacher preparation program to be adequate. The participants expect to benefit from this
instruction as they pursue their teaching careers.
Exploring the Role of Modality: L2-Heritage Learner Interactions in the Spanish Language Classroom
Authors: Bowles Melissa A.
Published: February 2021

In most post-secondary Spanish language programs in the U.S., heritage language (HL) learners and second-language (L2) learners are enrolled together, in the same courses (Ingold, Rivers, Tesser, & Ashby, 2002). Nevertheless, there is scant empirical research on what actually goes on in these classrooms and what the nature of learner-learner interactions is (Blake & Zyzik, 2003; Bowles, in press). This study reflects a reality in many Spanish classes because it analyzes the task-based interactions of nine learner-learner pairs, each containing an L2 learner and an HL learner of Spanish. The pairs completed a series of three tasks — one oral (a spot-the-differences task) and two written (a crossword puzzle task and a cloze/complete-the-story task). Results showed that, in completing the tasks, the L2 and HL learners had their language-related issues
resolved in equal proportion but that there were qualitative differences on the written tasks in terms of the linguistic targets. HL learners relied on their L2 partners for orthography issues (spelling and accent placement), whereas L2 learners relied on their HL partners for vocabulary issues and, to a lesser extent, for grammar-related queries. Implications for pedagogy in classrooms enrolling both L2 and HL learners are discussed.
Transfer Effects at the Syntax-Semantics Interface: The Case of Double-que Questions in Heritage Spanish
Authors: Cuza Alejandro , Frank Joshua
Published: February 2021

This study examines the role of transfer from English in the acquisition of double-que questions in Spanish among 17 heritage speakers in the US. Results from an elicited production task, an acceptability judgment task and a preference task revealed significant difficulties in the production and acceptability of double-que questions. In contrast with interface vulnerability approaches suggesting no difficulties at the syntax-semantics interface, the participants showed a decreased level of use of double-que structures and no distinction in their acceptability of statements versus questions. However, results from the preference task showed sensitivity to double-que questions among 10 of 17 heritage speakers. It appears that only when the two structures are presented together were the heritage speakers able to perceive the semantic shift introduced by the double-que. The results suggest that transfer from the other language prevents the complete acquisition of these properties even at high levels of bilingual proficiency.
MODERN MODELS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Kutuev Artem Valerievich
Published: February 2021

The article provides a comparative analysis of organizational change management models, the applicability of which in real conditions may differ under the influence of various factors of the external and internal environment of the company. In addition, the assessment of the impact of these factors on management decisions about which model should be followed when implementing a business transformation project is made.
METHODOLOGICAL BASIS FOR DEVELOPING A FIRM'S MARKETING STRATEGY
Authors:   Orenburg branch of the Russian University of Economics them. G. V. Plekhanov, Popov Alexander Alexandrovich
Published: February 2021

This article provides a brief analysis of some modern concepts of developing a marketing strategy for a business organization and offers the author's own view on this issue.
ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN MANAGEMENT AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS USE IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Potapova Angelina Ruslanovna , Akopyan Diana Anatolyevna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that the experience of using entrepreneurial management models in foreign companies has been showing significant results for a long time. The lack of management experience associated with historical background, as well as the Russian mentality limits the growth of competitiveness of Russian enterprises compared to foreign ones. Improving the competitiveness of Russian organizations plays a large role for individual firms and Russia in general.
ON THE ISSUE OF BUDGET MANAGEMENT IN MUNICIPALITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Sazonova Anastasiya Dmitrievna
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the features of budget management at the level of municipalities in the Russian Federation. In the course of studying the issue, ideas were formed and fixed to improve the effectiveness of budget management at the municipal level of power. The author is a supporter of increasing the tax potential of municipalities, taking into account the specifics of each of them, instead of cultivating subsidy policies.
RESEARCH OF CONSUMER ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE MOBILE PHONES MARKET FOR YOUTH SEGMENT OF SAMARA RESIDENTS
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Zaychikova Nadezhda Anatolyevna , Koryagina Polina Igorevna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The article considers the task of collecting, analyzing and evaluating personal data on consumer preferences in the mobile phone market among young residents of Samara. We study the differences in consumer attractiveness of phone brands depending on gender, age and time: 2009 and 2019. The article used questionnaire survey methods and mathematical statistics and MS Excel tools for process the data.
SMALL BUSINESS SUPPORT ANALYSIS IN THE SAMARA REGION
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Idemeneva Olesya Sergeevna
Published: February 2021

The article considers the criteria for classifying entities as small businesses, emphasizes the importance of entrepreneurs, and analyzes existing small businesses in the region. The study substantiates the need to support small enterprises, namely, the example of the Samara region considers regional support for small businesses and identifies the most relevant trends in supporting youth entrepreneurship
TOTAL LEAST SQUARES FOR ESTIMATION OF THE GROSS OUTPUT VECTOR
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Ivanov Dmitriy Vladimirovich
Published: February 2021

The article proposes the estimation of the gross output vector in the presence of errors in the matrix of direct costs and the final consumption vector. The article suggests the use of the total least squares method for estimating the gross output vector. Test cases showed that the accuracy of the proposed estimates of the gross output vector is higher than the accuracy of the estimates obtained using the classical least squares method (OLS).
IMPROVEMENT OF THE CAMERAL CHECKS PROCESS IN RUSSIA BASED ON FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Kareva Darya Sergeevna , Ismailova Sevinj Mahmud kyzy ,   Samara State University of Economics, Dozhdva Elena Evgenievna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The article substantiates the need to reform cameral tax control in Russia based on the experience of the United States. The necessity of introducing into the procedure of cameral control the mechanism of requesting all documents confirming the correct determination of tax obligations is determined. The aim of improving the process of desk audits of control is that the new procedure for conducting audits will reduce the likelihood of tax violations.
APPLICATION OF THE INTEGRAL FOR THE TASKS OF ANALYTICAL AND PROGNOTIC CHARACTER IN THE ECONOMY
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Makarov Sergey Ivanovich , Kurganova Maria Vladimirovna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The relevance of the topic of this work is determined by the fact that the use of integrals allows us to solve a large number of economic problems. The development and use of economic and mathematical models indicate the ways of improving economic information oriented to solving a particular system of planning and management problems.
APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Kornilova Ksenia Alekseevna
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of such a concept as information transparency. The authors consider the approaches of the Russian and foreign schools to definition, highlight the basic concepts for the formation of corporate information and determine the need for a comprehensive approach as a necessary unified informational and analytical system about the issue of emirates
SHARING MODEL AS A BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Kudinova Anastasia Vasilyevna
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of such a concept as the sharing economy, which directly affects all spheres of life in modern society. The authors consider this concept in conjunction with the assessment of modern companies, development trends, and describe the impact on the example of some of the world's digital platforms.
PROBLEM S5 FOR THE THIRD-ORDER HYPERBOLIC EGUATION IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SPACE
Authors:   Samara University, Rodionova Irina Nikolaevna , Sevastyanova S.A. ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The article presents a method for solving the boundary value for the complete equation of the thirdorder hyperbolic type with variable coefficients. The solution to the problem posed is based on the solution of the Darboux problem in a special class of functions obtained by the authors. The problem is reduced to a set of uniquely solvable Volterra integral equations, by virtue of which its solution can be obtained in explicit form.
An Experimental Study on Protective Gloves Used in Pakistan.
Authors: Zehra Beena , Nawaz Hafiz Rub , Solangi Barkat Ali , Nadeem Uzma , Zeeshan Mohammad
Published: February 2021

This technical study deals with the experimental evaluation of four
different safety gloves, used in Pakistan for protection of hands. The samples were
prepared and tested according to their standard test methods EN-388. The samples for
EN388 were subjected to three physical tests; puncture resistance (N), abrasion
resistance (cycles), tear-resistance (N). The results revealed that the performance
levels of synthetic leather/ PVC gloves were found higher than other gloves.
Sustainable Finishes for Healthcare Apparels
Authors: J.M. Subashini , G Ramakrishnan
Published: February 2021

The conventional textile finishing process used to consume a high amount
of water, chemical and energy source which leads to more hazardous waste material
and polluting the environment. To replace these conventional methods, working
towards sustainable manufacturing is more consideration for the need of an hour. In
the field of medical textile, the finishes used for manufacturing the health care
apparels should enhance the desired properties that the patient and the health care
personals need. For this purpose, the advanced and eco-friendly finishing process has
been developed. Thus in this paper, the sustainable and eco-friendly finishing process
used in the field of medical textile has been discussed in detail.
Dependencia y derecho a los cuidados desde una perspectiva de género
Authors: Holgado González María
Published: February 2021

La Ley 39/2006, de 14 de diciembre, de Promoción de la Autonomía Personal y Atención a las Personas en Situación de Dependencia consagró un nuevo derecho social, derecho subjetivo directamente ejercitable por las personas en situación de dependencia, a contar con los medios necesarios que garantizaran su autonomía. Tras más de doce años en vigor, se puede hacer balance de los logros acometidos por la ley y de los desafíos que aún deben afrontarse en este ámbito en relación con la consecución de la igualdad real y efectiva y la participación en la vida social de las personas en situación de dependencia, teniendo presente el impacto de género que una materia como la de los cuidados tiene en nuestra sociedad.
Atributos de penetración de calor en langostinos procesados térmicamente en envases de vidrio
Authors: Pulache Celi Diego Alejandro , Miranda Zamora William Rolando , Zamora Valladares Luis Manuel , Leyva Povis Nelly Luz
Published: February 2021

El procesado térmico es una operación vital en el área de la conservación de alimentos. La conserva en vidrio permite extender la durabilidad de los productos. Se estudiaron las características de penetración por calentamiento del producto procesado en retorta por aplicación de vapor de agua. Las conservas de langostino (Litopenaeus vannamei) contenidas en envases de vidrio y en medio de salmuera, se procesó térmicamente hasta valores mínimos de F0 de 5,16 min, 2,61 min, 1,06 min y 0,73 min a 121°C. Los valores de penetración de calor se registraron para cada minuto de procesamiento con el registrador de temperatura. Se observó que el tiempo para alcanzar la temperatura de retorta 121°C osciló entre 19 min a 27 min en vapor de agua. Los parámetros de penetración de calor de las conservas de langostinos en vidrio oscilaron entre fh entre 7,94 a 24,1 min y jh entre 0,66 a 2,65. El tiempo de proceso total pronosticado con el método de Ball modificado osciló entre 19,69 a 57,92 min para las conservas de langostinos en salmuera en vidrio esterilizadas en vapor de agua. Los atributos de penetración de calor, en las conservas de langostinos en salmuera en vidrio, permitieron lograr la esterilidad comercial.