bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlated Components Analysis - Extracting Reliable Dimensions in Multivariate Data
Authors: Parra Lucas C. , Haufe Stefan , Dmochowski Jacek P.
Published: November 2022

How does one find dimensions in multivariate data that are reliably expressed across repetitions? For example, in a brain imaging study one may want to identify combinations of neural signals that are reliably expressed across multiple trials or subjects. For a behavioral assessment with multiple ratings, one may want to identify an aggregate score that is reliably reproduced across raters. Correlated Components Analysis (CorrCA) addresses this problem by identifying components that are maximally correlated between repetitions (e.g. trials, subjects, raters). Here we formalize this as the maximization of the ratio of between-repetition to within-repetition covariance. We show that this criterion maximizes repeat-reliability, defined as mean over variance across repeats, and that it leads to CorrCA or to multi-set Canonical Correlation Analysis, depending on the constraints. Surprisingly, we also find that CorrCA is equivalent to Linear Discriminant Analysis for zero-mean signals, which provides an unexpected link between classic concepts of multivariate analysis. We present an exact parametric test of statistical significance based on the F-statistic for normally distributed independent samples, and present and validate shuffle statistics for the case of dependent samples. Regularization and extension to non-linear mappings using kernels are also presented. The algorithms are demonstrated on a series of data analysis applications, and we provide all code and data required to reproduce the results.
Optisyenlik Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Bir Teknik Gezi Sonrası Deneyimleri: MTA Şehit Cuma Dağ Tabiat Tarihi Müzesi ve Enerji Parkı Örneği
Authors: KURT Havva Sibel
Published: November 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Optisyenlik bölümü öğrencilerinin (n=16;( f=9, m=7)), bir teknik gezi sonrası deneyimlerinin, bilimsel motivasyon, epizodik bellek, semantik bellek üzerindeki etkilerini ve duyuşsal davranış değişiklikleri üzerinde etkisini ortaya çıkarabilmektir. Ön lisans düzeyinde gerçekleşen bu araştırma, Fizik dersi almış öğrencilerin, bilimin doğasının değişken olmasının tecrübe edilmesi, araştırma, sorgulama, somutlaştırma, gibi bazı bilgi, beceri ve olumlu davranış geliştirilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın yöntemini, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim çalışması (fenomoloji) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, yaşları (19-53) arasında heterojen olarak değişen ve yaş ortalaması (25) olan, deneyimlerini gönüllü olarak paylaşan optisyenlik bölümü, 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim dönemi 1. sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Grubun yaş ortalaması, yetişkin eğitimi kapsamına girmektedir. Çalışmanın birinci aşamasında, öğrencilerin deneyimlerine ilişkin açık uçlu sorular olan bir form yöneltilmiştir. Bu form oluşturulurken ilgili alan yazında bulunan sorular dikkate alınmış ve literatür taraması ve uzman görüşüyle forma son şekil verilmiştir. Formun demografik bilgiler kısmında, doğum tarihi ve yeri bilgilerine yer verilmiştir. Açık uçlu soru maddesi (n=5)’tir. İkinci aşamada ise gönüllü katılımla gerçekleşen bir mülakat gerçekleştirilmiş, öğrencilerin cevapları ses kaydı ile kayıt altına alınmış, veriler kodlanarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, öğrencilerin, %18, 75’i ‘u daha önce herhangi bir müzede bulunmadıkları, , diğer müzelerden farklı olduğunu düşünen öğrencilerin çoğunun ise, diğer müzelere göre ‘geçmişe uzanma yönünün’ baskın olduğunu ifade ettikleri, epizodik bellekte çağrışım etkisinin fazla olduğu gözlenmiştir. Mülakatta bir öğrencinin maden ocağı simülatöründe klostrofobisini yendiği gibi duyuşsal değişikliklerin meydana geldiği, ayrıca, öğrencilerin Ankara’da daha önce deniz olabileceği fikrinin onları şaşırttığını, öğrencilerin %87,5’inin, teknik geziden sonra herhangi bir konuyu araştırdığı ve merak duygularının geliştiği gözlenmiştir.
DİYARBAKIR MERMER SEKTÖRÜNÜN MEVCUT DURUMU VE SORUNLARI ÜZERİNE ALAN ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: DEMİR Şeyhmus , PIÇAK Murat , YILDIRIM Mehmet
Published: November 2022

Tarihin her döneminde farklı alanlarda rastladığımız mermer, uygarlık seviyesine göre kullanım alanları değişen bir çeşit kayadır. Her dönemde olduğu gibi günümüzde de önemini koruyan mermer, yapı sektöründe ve sanat eserlerinde kullanılan başlıca ve vazgeçilmez doğal kaynaktır. Diyarbakır’ın jeoekonomik potansiyeli dikkate alındığında, mermer sektörünün stratejik bir konumda olduğu ve kentin Türkiye ortalamasının üzerinde avantajlara sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Fakat bu avantajlarının yanı sıra sektörün pek çok yapısal sorunu da bulunmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, mermer sektöründeki makro gelişmeler ile ulusal ve küresel trendler incelenmiş; sektörün kentsel değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda; sektörün ilgili aktörleri ve işletme temsilcileri ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmelerden anlaşıldığı üzere, Diyarbakır’daki üretici firmaların işletmecilik faaliyetleriyle ilgili ciddi eksiklikleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, firmaların mevcut eksikliklerini giderecek yeniden yapılanma stratejilerine ihtiyaçları vardır. Ayrıca firmaların üretim performanslarına, gelişimlerine ve rekabet güçlerine katkı sağlayacak, ileriye taşıyacak güncel teşvik ve destek programlarının ve kamusal düzenlemelerin hayata geçirilmesi faydalı olacaktır.
Ice crystal characterization in cirrus clouds III: retrieval of ice crystal shape and roughness from observations of halo displays
Authors: Forster Linda , Mayer Bernhard
Published: November 2022

Abstract. In this study, which is the third part of the HaloCam series after Forster et al. (2017, 2020), we present a novel technique to retrieve quantitative information about ice crystal optical and microphysical properties using ground-based imaging observations of halo displays.
Comparing HaloCam's calibrated RGB images of 22 and 46∘ halo observations against a lookup table of simulated radiances, this technique allows the retrieval of the sizes and shapes of randomly oriented crystals as well as the fraction of smooth and rough ice crystals for cirrus clouds.
We analyzed 4400 HaloCam images between September 2015 and November 2016 showing a visible 22∘ halo.
The optical properties of hexagonal 8-element aggregates of columns with a mean ice crystal effective radius of about 20 µm and a mixture of 37 % smooth and 63 % rough crystals on average best match the HaloCam observations.
Implemented on different sites, HaloCam in combination with the machine-learning-based halo detection algorithm HaloForest can provide a consistent dataset for climatological studies of ice crystal properties representing typical cirrus clouds.
Representative ice crystal optical properties are required for remote sensing of cirrus clouds as well as climate modeling.
Since ground-based passive imaging observations provide information about the forward scattering part of the ice crystal optical properties, the results of this work ideally complement the results of satellite-based and airborne studies.
The unexpected high frequency of nocturnal surface ozone enhancement events over China: characteristics and mechanisms
Authors: He Cheng , Lu Xiao , Wang Haolin , Wang Haichao , Li Yan , He Guowen , He Yuanping , Wang Yurun , Zhang Youlang , Liu Yiming , Fan Qi , Fan Shaojia
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Surface ozone concentrations typically peak during the daytime, driven by active photochemical production, and decrease gradually after sunset, due to chemical destruction and dry deposition. Here, we report that nocturnal ozone enhancement (NOE, defined as an ozone increase of more than 5 ppbv h−1 in 1 of any 2 adjacent hours between 20:00 and 06:00 LT, local time) events are observed at multiple monitoring sites in China at a high frequency, which has not been recognized in previous studies. We present an overview of the general characteristics of NOE events in China and explore the possible mechanisms based on 6 years of observations from the national monitoring network. We find that the mean annual frequency of NOE events is 41±10 % (i.e., about 140 d would experience an NOE event per year)
averaged over all 814 Chinese sites between 2014 and 2019, which is 46 % larger
than that over Europe or the United States. The NOE event frequency is higher in
industrialized city clusters (>50 %) than in regions with lighter
ozone pollution, and it is higher in the warm season (46 %) than in the cold season
(36 %), consistent with the spatiotemporal evolution of ozone levels. The mean ozone peak during NOE events reaches 37±6 ppbv in the warm
season. The ozone enhancements are within 5–15 ppbv h−1 during 85 % of the NOE events; however, in about 10 % of cases, the ozone increases can exceed 20 ppbv h−1. We propose that high photochemistry-induced ozone during the daytime provides a rich ozone source in the nighttime residual layer, determining the overall high frequency of NOE events in China, and that enhanced atmospheric mixing then triggers NOE events by allowing the ozone-rich air in the residual layer to mix into the nighttime boundary layer. This is supported by our analyses which show that 70 % (65 %) of the NOE events are associated with increases in friction velocity (planetary boundary layer height), indicative of enhanced atmospheric mixing, and also supported by the observed sharp decreases in surface NO2 and CO concentrations with ozone increases in NOE events, a typical signal of mixing with air in the residual layer. Three case studies in Beijing and Guangzhou show that synoptic processes such as convective storms and low-level jets can lead to NOE events by aggravating vertical mixing. Horizontal transport of ozone-rich plumes may also be a supplementary driver of NOE events. Our results summarize, for the first time, the characteristics and mechanism of NOE events in China based on nationwide and long-term observations, and our findings emphasize the need for more direct measurements and modeling studies on the nighttime ozone evolution from the surface to the residual layer.
Observed and projected impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming: A case study in the Hinase Area, Okayama Prefecture and Shizugawa Bay, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Fujii Masahiko , Hamanoue Ryuji , Bernardo Lawrence Patrick Cases , Ono Tsuneo , Dazai Akihiro , Oomoto Shigeyuki , Wakita Masahide , Tanaka Takehiro
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation are progressing, primarily due to the increase in anthropogenic CO2. Coastal acidification has been reported to have effects that are expected to become more severe as acidification progresses, including inhibiting formation of the shells of calcifying organisms such as shellfish. However, compared to water temperature, an indicator of coastal warming, spatiotemporal variations in acidification and deoxygenation indicators such as pH, aragonite saturation state (Ωarag), and dissolved oxygen in coastal areas of Japan have not been observed and projected. Moreover, many species of shellfish are important fisheries resources, including Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Therefore, there is concern regarding the future combined impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oyster farming, necessitating evaluation of current and future impacts to facilitate mitigation measures. We deployed continuous monitoring systems for coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation in the Hinase area of Okayama Prefecture and Shizugawa Bay in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. In Hinase, the Ωarag value was often lower than the critical level of acidification for Pacific oyster larvae, although no impact of acidification on larvae was identified by microscopy examination. Oyster larvae are anticipated to be affected more seriously by the combined impacts of coastal warming and acidification, with lower pH and Ωarag values and a prolonged spawning period, which may shorten the oyster shipping period and lower the quality of oysters. No significant future impact of surface-water deoxygenation on Pacific oysters was identified. To minimize the impacts of coastal warming and acidification on Pacific oyster and related local industries, cutting CO2 emissions is mandatory, but adaptation measures such as regulation of freshwater and organic matter inflow from rivers and changes in the form of oyster farming practiced locally might also be required.
Processing reflectivity and Doppler velocity from EarthCARE’s cloud profiling radar: the C-FMR, C-CD and C-APC products
Authors: Kollias Pavlos , Puidgomènech Treserras Bernat , Battaglia Alessandro , Borque Paloma , Tatarevic Aleksandra
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation (EarthCARE) satellite mission is a joint effort by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The EarthCARE mission features the first spaceborne 94-GHz Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) with Doppler capability. The raw CPR observations and auxiliary information are used as input to three L2 algorithms 1) C-APC: Antenna Pointing Characterization, 2) C-FMR: CPR feature mask and reflectivity and 3) C-CD: Corrected CPR Doppler Measurements. These algorithms apply quality control and corrections to the CPR primary measurements and derive important geophysical variables such as hydrometeor locations, and best estimates of particle sedimentation fall velocities. The C-APC algorithm uses natural targets to introduce any corrections needed to the CPR raw Doppler velocities due to the CPR antenna pointing. The C-FMR product provides the feature mask based on only-reflectivity CPR measurements and quality controlled radar reflectivity profiles corrected for gaseous attenuation at 94 GHz. In addition, C-FMR provides best estimates of the Path Integrated Attenuation (PIA) and flags identifying the presence of multiple scattering in the CPR observations. Finally, the C-CD product provides the quality-controlled, bias-corrected mean Doppler velocity estimates (Doppler measurements corrected for antenna mis-pointing, non-uniform beam filling, and velocity folding). In addition, the best estimate of the particle sedimentation velocity is estimated using a novel technique.
Full-coverage 250 m monthly aerosol optical depth dataset (2000–2019) amended with environmental covariates by an ensemble machine learning model over arid and semi-arid areas, NW China
Authors: Chen Xiangyue , Zuo Hongchao , Zhang Zipeng , Cao Xiaoyi , Duan Jikai , Zhu Chuanmei , Zhang Zhe , Wang Jingzhe
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Aerosols are complex compounds that greatly affect the global radiation
balance and climate system and even human health; in addition, aerosols are
currently a large source of uncertainty in the numerical simulation process.
The arid and semi-arid areas have fragile ecosystems with abundant dust but
lack related high-accuracy aerosol data. To solve these problems, we use the
bagging trees ensemble model, based on 1 km aerosol optical depth (AOD) data
and multiple environmental covariates, to produce a monthly
advanced-performance, full-coverage, and high-resolution (250 m) AOD product
(named FEC AOD, fusing environmental covariates AOD) covering the arid and
semi-arid areas. Then, based on the FEC AOD products, we analyzed the
spatiotemporal AOD pattern and further discussed the interpretation of
environmental covariates to AOD. The results show that the bagging trees
ensemble model has a good performance, with its verification
R2 values always remaining at 0.90 and the R2 being 0.79 for FEC AOD
compared with AERONET AOD product. The high-AOD areas are located in the
Taklimakan Desert and on the Loess Plateau, and the low-AOD areas are
concentrated in southern Qinghai province. The higher the AOD, the
stronger the interannual variability. Interestingly, the AOD reflected a
dramatic decrease on the Loess Plateau and an evident increase in the
south-eastern Taklimakan Desert, while the southern Qinghai province AODs
showed almost no significant change between 2000 and 2019. The annual
variation characteristics show that the AOD was largest in spring (0.267±0.200) and smallest in autumn (0.147±0.089); the annual AOD
variation pattern showed different features, with two peaks in March and
August over Gansu province but only one peak in April in other
provinces/autonomous regions. Farmlands and construction lands have high AOD
levels compared to other land cover types. Meteorological factors
demonstrate the maximum interpretation ability of the AODs on all set
temporal scales, followed by the terrain factors, while surface properties
have the smallest explanatory abilities; the corresponding average
contributions are 77.1 %, 59.1 %, and 50.4 %, respectively. The
capability of the environmental covariates to explain the AOD varies
seasonally in the following sequence: winter (86.6 %) > autumn
(80.8 %) > spring (79.9 %) > summer (72.5 %). In
this research, we provide a pathbreaking high spatial resolution (250 m)
and long time series (2000–2019) FEC AOD dataset covering arid and semi-arid
regions to support atmospheric and related studies in northwest China; the
full dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5727119 (Chen et
al., 2021b).
The hourly wind-bias-adjusted precipitation data set from the Environment and Climate Change Canada automated surface observation network (2001–2019)
Authors: Smith Craig D. , Mekis Eva , Hartwell Megan , Ross Amber
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The measurement of precipitation in the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) surface network is a crucial component for climate and weather monitoring, flood and water resource forecasting, numerical weather prediction, and many other applications that impact the health and safety of Canadians. Through the late 1990s and early 2000s, the ECCC surface network modernization resulted in a shift from manual to automated precipitation measurements. Although many advantages to automation are realized, such as enhanced capabilities for monitoring in remote locations and a higher frequency of observations at lower cost, the increased reliance on automated precipitation gauges has also resulted in additional challenges, especially with data quality and homogenization. The automated weighing precipitation gauges used in the ECCC operational network have an increased propensity for wind-induced undercatch of solid precipitation. One outcome of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment (SPICE) was the development of transfer functions for the adjustment of high-frequency solid precipitation measurements made with gauge/wind shield configurations used in the ECCC surface network. Using the SPICE universal transfer function (UTF), hourly precipitation measurements from 397 ECCC automated climate stations were retroactively adjusted for wind undercatch. The data format, quality control, and adjustment procedures are described here. The hourly adjusted data set (2001–2019; version v2019UTF) is available via the ECCC data catalogue at https://doi.org/10.18164/6b90d130-4e73-422a-9374-07a2437d7e52 (ECCC, 2021). A basic spatial impact assessment shows that the highest relative total precipitation adjustments occur in the Arctic, where solid precipitation has an overall higher annual occurrence ratio. The highest adjustments for solid precipitation are shared by the Arctic, Southern Prairies, and the coastal Maritimes, where stations tend to be more exposed and snowfall events occur at higher wind speeds.
Reveal the relation between spatial patterns of rainfall return levels and landslide density
Authors: Mtibaa Slim , Tsunetaka Haruka
Published: November 2022

Abstract. It is known that the spatial rainfall pattern can mark landslide distribution across the landscape during extreme triggering events. However, the current knowledge of rainfall controls on this distribution remains limited. Here, to reveal what rainfall characteristics control landslide spatial distribution, we explore the spatiotemporal pattern of a rainfall event that triggered over 7,500 landslides (area ≈ 100–104 m2) at a regional scale with an area of ≈ 400 km2 in Japan. Using a 5-km resolution radar-driven hourly precipitation dataset with 32 years of records, we compared rainfall return levels for various time range from 1 to 72 h and landslide density in each ≈ 25 km2 grid cell. The results show that, even if the surface slope distribution within grid cells is similar, the number of landslides in a ≈ 25 km2 grid cell was substantially high when the rainfall return levels exceeded the 100-year return period in all examined timespans (i.e., 1–72 h). In contrast, when only specific-duration rainfall intensities (e.g., 6–48 h) exceeded the 100-year return level, the landslide density in corresponding grid cells tended to be low. Consequently, the landslide density increased with the increase in the rainfall return level of various timespans rather than a specific rainfall intensity, such as downpours for a few hours or long-term cumulative rainfall for 48 h. Moreover, with the increase in the landslide density, the number of relatively large landslides exceeding ≈ 400 m2 increased. Therefore, the spatial differences in rainfall return levels potentially constrain the density of total landsliding and relatively large landslides. In this sense, whether rainfall intensities reach high return levels rarely experienced in a wide timespan ranging from a few hours to several days is one of the key determinants of the spatial distribution of landslides and the extent of related hazards.
Design and operation of a long-term monitoring system for spectral electrical impedance tomography (sEIT)
Authors: Weigand Maximilian , Zimmermann Egon , Michels Valentin , Huisman Johan Alexander , Kemna Andreas
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Spectral electrical impedance tomography (sEIT) is increasingly used to
characterise the structure of subsurface systems using measurements in the megahertz to kilohertz range.
Additionally, hydrogeophysical and biogeophysical processes are characterised and
monitored using sEIT.
The method combines multiple, spatially distributed, spectroscopic measurements
with tomographic inversion algorithms to obtain images of the complex
electrical resistivity distribution in the subsurface at various frequencies.
Spectral polarisation measurements provide additional information about the
systems under investigation and can be used to reduce ambiguities that occur
if only the in-phase resistivity values are analysed.
However, spectral impedance measurements are very sensitive
to details of the measurement setup as well as to external noise and error
components.
Despite promising technical progress in improving measurement quality as well
as progress in the characterisation and understanding of static
polarisation signatures of the subsurface, long-term (i.e. multi-month to
multi-year) monitoring attempts with fixed setups are still rare.
Yet, measurement targets often show inherent non-stationarity that would
require monitoring for a proper system characterisation.
With the aim of improving operating foundations for similar endeavours, we here
report on the design and field deployment of a permanently installed monitoring
system for sEIT data.
The specific aim of this monitoring installation is the characterisation of
crop root evolution over a full growing season, requiring multiple measurements
per day over multiple months to capture relevant system dynamics.
In this contribution, we discuss the general layout and design of the
monitoring setup, including the data acquisition system, additional on-site
equipment, required corrections to improve data quality for high frequencies,
data management and remote-processing facilities used to analyse the measured
data.
The choice and installation of electrodes, cables and measurement
configurations are discussed and quality parameters are used for the
continuous assessment of system functioning and data quality.
Exemplary analysis results of the first season of operation highlight the
importance of continuous quality control.
It is also found that proper cable elevation decreased capacitive leakage currents
and in combination with the correction of inductive effects led to
consistent tomographic results up to 1 kHz measurement frequency.
Overall, the successful operation of an sEIT monitoring system over multiple
months with multiple daily tomographic measurements was achieved.
Linking the complementary evaporation relationship with the Budyko framework for ungauged areas in Australia
Authors: Kim Daeha , Choi Minha , Chun Jong Ahn
Published: November 2022

Abstract. While the calibration-free complementary relationship (CR) has
performed excellently in predicting terrestrial evapotranspiration
(ETa), how to determine the Priestley–Taylor coefficient (αe) is a remaining question. In this work, we evaluated this highly
utilizable method, which only requires atmospheric data, with in situ flux
observations and basin-scale water-balance estimates (ETwb) in
Australia, proposing how to constrain it with a traditional Budyko equation
for ungauged locations. We found that the CR method with a constant αe transferred from fractional wet areas performed poorly in
reproducing the mean annual ETwb in unregulated river basins, and it
underperformed advanced physical, machine-learning, and land surface models
in closing grid-scale water balance. This problem was remedied by linking
the CR method with a traditional Budyko equation that allowed for an upscaling
of the optimal αe from gauged basins to ungauged locations. The
combined CR–Budyko framework enabled us to reflect climate conditions in
αe, leading to more plausible ETa estimates in ungauged
areas. The spatially varying αe conditioned by local climates
enabled the CR method to outperform the three ETa models in reproducing the
grid-scale ETwb across the Australian continent. We argued here that
the polynomial CR with a constant αe could result in biased
ETa, and it can be constrained by a traditional Budyko equation for
improvement.
Does higher spatial resolution improve snow estimates?
Authors: Bair Edward H. , Dozier Jeff , Rittger Karl , Stillinger Timbo , Kleiber William , Davis Robert E.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Given the tradeoffs between spatial and temporal resolution, questions about resolution optimality are fundamental to the study of global snow. Answers to these questions will inform future scientific priorities and mission specifications. Heterogeneity of mountain snowpacks drives a need for daily snow cover mapping at the slope scale (≤ 30 m) that is unmet for a variety of scientific users, ranging from hydrologists to the military to wildlife biologists. But finer spatial resolution usually requires coarser temporal or spectral resolution. Thus, no single sensor can meet all these needs. Recently, constellations of satellites and fusion techniques have made noteworthy progress. The efficacy of two such recent advances is examined: 1) a fused MODIS - Landsat product with daily 30 m spatial resolution; and 2) a harmonized Landsat 8 - Sentinel 2A/B (HLS) product with 2–3 day temporal and 30 m spatial resolution. State-of-art spectral unmixing techniques are applied to surface reflectance products from 1 & 2 to create snow cover and albedo maps. Then an energy balance model was run to reconstruct snow water equivalent (SWE). For validation, lidar-based Airborne Snow Observatory SWE estimates were used. Results show that reconstructed SWE forced with 30 m resolution snow cover has lower bias, a measure of basin-wide accuracy, than the baseline case using MODIS (463 m cell size), but higher mean absolute error, a measure of per-pixel accuracy. However, the differences in errors may be within uncertainties from scaling artifacts e.g., basin boundary delineation. Other explanations are 1) the importance of daily acquisitions and 2) the limitations of downscaled forcings for reconstruction. Conclusions are: 1) spectrally unmixed snow cover and snow albedo from MODIS continue to provide accurate forcings for snow models; and 2) finer spatial and temporal resolution through sensor design, fusion techniques, and satellite constellations are the future for Earth observations.
Reflective Practice in Homelessness Research and Practice: Implications for Researchers and Practitioners in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Bonakdar Ahmad
Published: November 2022

This discussion paper focuses on “reflective practice” as conceptualized by Donald Schön with its particular application in homelessness research and practice. Reflective practices are slowly gaining ground among scholars and practitioners engaged in the homelessness sector since the onset of the pandemic where increasing reliance on tele-mediated communication has transformed the ways in which research and practice take place. This paper starts by revisiting the concept of reflection as propounded by John Dewey and later recalibrated by Donald Schön, followed by a discussion of how two specific reflective practices, namely reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action, can be leveraged in homelessness research and practice. The paper concludes by discussing some implications of such practices for researchers and practitioners involved in the homelessness sector in the pandemic era. These implications focus on issues such as housing affordability and affordable housing, case management and support services, and barriers caused by the pandemic to homelessness research.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI NANG ỐNG MẬT CHỦ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN SẢN NHI NGHỆ AN TỪ NĂM 2019 ĐẾN NĂM 2022
Authors: Hải Tăng Xuân , Thông Lê Trọng , Long Trần Minh , Giảng Trần Sỹ
Published: November 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị nang ống mật chủ bằng phẫu thuật nội soi tại Bệnh việnSản Nhi Nghệ An từ năm 2019 đến năm 2022.Đối tượng và phương pháp: Từ tháng 1/2019 đến tháng 8/2022 có 33 trường hợp được phẫuthuật nội soi nang ống mật chủ tại Bệnh viện Sản Nhi Nghệ An. Nghiên cứu hồi cứu.Kết quả: 33 trường hợp mổ nội soi nang ống mật chủ, thời gian phẫu thuật: 216.52 ± 34.63phút. Tỷ lệ nữ/nam: 5,58/1. Tuổi của bệnh nhân lúc phẫu thuật trung bình là 34.67 ± 19.41 tháng.Không có trường hợp nào mổ lại hay tử vong. Thời gian nằm viện trung bình của bệnh nhân sauphẫu thuật là: 8,7 ± 1,67 ngày.Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi nang ống mật chủ là an toàn, hiệu quả và khả thi.
DETERMINATION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON THE WATER ECOSYSTEMS OF THE UDY AND OSKIL RIVERS IN KHARKIV REGION
Authors: Rybalova Olga , Artemiev Sergey , Bryhada Olena , Ilinskyi Oleksii , Bondarenko Alexander
Published: November 2022

The paper assesses the ecological state of the Udy and Oskil rivers and investigates changes in climatic indicators in the Kharkiv region by building predictive models using the Holt-Winters method based on data collected before the start of russia's full-scale aggression against Ukraine. On the basis of multifactorial correlation-regression analysis, the factors that have the greatest influence on the ecological state of the Oskil and Udy rivers have been determined. Determination of correlational dependencies is aimed at the implementation of preventive adaptive measures. The results of the study can be used in the determination of priority problems and the scientific justification of water protection measures, as well as the possibility of isolating and identifying the impact of military actions by hydrochemical and hydrological indicators of the qualitative state of surface waters, by the difference between predicted and actual data, which is the practical significance of the work.
ASH GRANULATION IN SEED PACKAGING USING HAZARDOUS LIVESTOCK WASTE
Authors: Koloskov Volodymyr , Koloskova Hanna , Kondratenko Olexandr , Storozhenko Elizaveta
Published: November 2022

In the presented work the possibility of using the granulation method in the packaging of seeds is determined, in particular, for the manufacturing of granules from fertilizers. The technology of manufacturing of packaging for seeds from biological waste has been developed, based on the method of granulation of seeds with ashes of burning biological waste of animal husbandry. After burning the ash is formed into spherical granules with seeds inside. Yet it is possible to form transport packaging with the resulting ash in the form of briquettes containing plant seeds in their thickness.
To determine the protective characteristics of ash granules formed around the seeds a model of granulated seeds was developed in the SolidWORKS system using the finite element method. Using the developed model, a simulation experiment was conducted to determine the process of heating the granule under the action of open solar irradiation. As a result of the experiment it was found that in the case of short-term thermal exposure, which does not exceed 10 minutes, the temperature of the seed grain will increase only by 7⁰С, which does not go beyond the temperature storage conditions of the vast majority of types of seeds.
Lateral Malleolar Fracture
Authors: Reddyreddy Shloka , Stead Thor , Mangal Rohan , Lopez-Ortiz Carlos , Wilson James , Ganti Latha
Published: November 2022

The authors present the case of a young woman who sustained a lateral malleolar fracture. The Emergency Departement presentation, diagnosis and initial acute treatment is discussed.
Adaptation and Validation of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief—Present Scale
Authors: Gruppi Rocio Luana , Yaccarini Cecilia , Hoffmann Agustin Freiberg , Futterman Andrew , Simkin Hugo
Published: November 2022

This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties and internal consistency of the Spanish version of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief- Present [TRIG-Present] in Buenos Aires, Argentina, which assesses a series of thoughts, emotions and behaviors in losses related to the present. A total of 285 adults participated in the study with ages between 18 and 80 years (M = 55.09, SD = 15.27) and both sexes (Men = 42.8%, Women = 57.2%). The three-factor model resulted in acceptable fit indices (TLI = .970; CFI = .976; SRMR = .064). The results indicated an acceptable internal consistency for Emotional Response (ω = .850), Not Acceptance (ω = .816) and Thought (ω = .837). The spanish adaptation of the TRIG-Present presents 13 items proposed by the original authors.
Zero Zone Praxis as Conscious Creative Cultivation
Authors: Tohver Tamur
Published: November 2022

Zero Zone praxis (ZZ) can increase a performer’s craft and personal life quality, thereby satisfying the need for personal enhancement—a need that recent writings about performing arts and executive coaching have identified. ZZ is designed to improve the ability to avoid the detrimental effects of stage fright that often rest on the actor-director dyad, via expanding consciousness and focus guiding. ZZ includes external and internal psychosomatic actor training and intellectual appreciation of consciousness as derived from yoga philosophy and practice and from coaching. This essay is a discussion of the need to develop an elevated internal state of the performer, to unlock the blockages in the performer and in a spectator’s reception. I introduce here a critical review of scholars’ findings and my personal, practical experiences of forty years in Stanislavskian and physical theatre-making, self-cultivation coaching, and yoga.
The Khazar Ancestry of Hungarian Jews
Authors: Rethelyi Mari
Published: November 2022

In late nineteenth century Hungary, progressive Jewish (Neolog) scholars wrote several articles in Neolog journals publicly supporting theories of common ancestry and race with Hungarians. They created a unique identity for themselves through discussions of common origin and history, making Jews into Hungarians. One of their main theories was that of Khazar ancestry, which, despite being controversial even in its own time, enabled stories of a common Judeo-Hungarian past and race to emerge. The Hungarian nationalism that was key to their self-definition underlay all arguments concerning the nature and ancestry of Hungarian Jewish identity. They not only created histories compatible with those of the Hungarians but also molded them into something new. Examining their narratives, we can rethink the conceptual framework of the modern Jewish experience and see the successes of integration from the minority’s point of view. In this way, we can detect another perspective on history, one that does not define the modern European Jewish experience as a story of either the success or the failure of assimilation as measured by the severity of anti-Semitism but allows the minority’s voice come to light.
Fraud Triangle Perspective on The Tendency of Fraudulent Financial Statements in Non-financial State-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Rinaldo Nindya Saphira Maharani , Oktavia Reni , Amelia Yunia
Published: November 2022

Fraud is a problem that continues to exist in the organizational world. Fraud is difficult to eliminate but can be minimized by taking preventive measures by detecting things that have the potential to cause fraud. This study aims to analyze how the Fraud Triangle perspective detects the tendency of fraudulent financial statements with research samples of Non-financial State-Owned Enterprises listed on the IDX from 2016-2020. Fraudulent financial statements in this article were measured using Dechow F-Score and three dependent variables that represent each of the fraud triangle proxies with firm size as a control variable. Using logistic regression analysis, this research indicated pressure proxied by financial stability and measured using SALTA has a significant negative impact on the tendency of fraudulent financial statements. Opportunities proxied by the nature of industry and Rationalization proxied by changes in external auditors do not have a significant impact on the tendency of fraudulent financial statements.
The effectiveness of employer branding in attracting talented employee: Systematic literature review
Authors: Sirojuddin Nur Muhammad , Sopiah
Published: November 2022

Attracting and keeping the ideal employees at the moment is a challenge for businesses. For businesses to be successful, it is essential to develop tactics and implement plans of activities that will support them establish a competitive place on the industry for top experts. Employer branding is a process used by top management to establish a specificity for the job and maintain the firm's public image. Employer branding is a term where the company presents the firm's reputation and credibility where extant workers' favourable phrase of tongue promotes the recent institution to the outside world. Employer branding is crucial in persuading talented people to apply to the company. The goal of this Systematic Literature Review is to examine employer branding's effectiveness in luring potential employees in greater detail as well as the aspects that contribute to its development. The result of this research is that despite the fact that each company had a distinctive branding strategy, job applicants were not actually aware of it. Instead of the strategic branding image that firms are working to create and promote, potential applicants seem to be drawn to businesses based on their past interactions with them and the perceptions of them that already exist in the community. This shows that in order to continue luring in the top candidates, these businesses must be more watchful and worried about influencing staff thoughts through effective and deliberate communication of their branding initiatives to potential employees.
Book review. Biologija, ekologija I raznlikost jadranskih školjkaša, Melita Peharda Uljević, Rino Stanić and Pero Ugarković, Institut za oceanografiju i ribarstvo, Split, Croatia, 2022, 254 pp., with numerous color illustrations and drawings, and 98 color plates. ISBN 978-953-7914-08-0. Hardcover, in Croatian.
Authors: Albano Paolo G.
Published: November 2022

This book about the biology, ecology and biodiversity of Adriatic bivalves came as a really nice surprise and impressed me – notwithstanding I do not speak Croatian – for the excellent plates depicting 205 species of bivalves. But first things first and let’s start from the beginning. This volume is arranged around three main sections. The first covers general aspects of bivalve biology such as their morphology and anatomy, their taxonomic and ecological diversity, reproduction and age, fishing and aquaculture methods. The second delves deeper into the biology of the most exploited species (Arca noae, Glycymeris spp., Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lithophaga lithophaga, Pinna nobilis, Pecten jacobaeus, Spondylus gaederopus, Ostrea edulis, Venus verrucosa, Callista chione, Ruditapes spp., Polititapes spp. and Chamelea gallina) and is enriched by numerous beautiful color photographs and a list of references for each species (a remarkable review indeed!).
LOS EFECTOS DEL COVID-19 EN EL COMERCIO EXTERIOR DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Aguilar Zambrano Daniela Romina , Casanova Montero Alfonso Rafael
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la evolución del comercio exterior ecuatoriano durante el período 2019 - 2021 y los efectos que la pandemia por COVID-19 ha generado. Se inició con una evaluación situacional de las exportaciones tradicionales y no tradicionales, así como de las importaciones principales. Adicionalmente se realizó un análisis de las condiciones que enfrentaron los exportadores e importadores, junto con las acciones y medidas implementadas por el gobierno para contrarrestar las consecuencias de la pandemia en el comercio exterior. El enfoque utilizado es mixto; cuantitativo por el análisis de bases de datos; y cualitativo por la revisión documental de artículos científicos, y revistas nacionales e internacionales sobre las consecuencias e impacto de la pandemia. Los resultados aunque reflejan superávit en la balanza comercial, realmente la pandemia produjo efectos negativos sin precedentes, en la economía del país, así como en los sectores exportadores de las flores y turístico, por otro lado benefició a ciertos productos por las expectativas económicas y cambio de preferencias de los consumidores, este cambio debe considerarse para expandir y mejorar la oferta exportable así como la implementación de estrategias y políticas públicas para la reactivación del comercio internacional.
LA AFECTACIÓN DEL COVID-19 EN EL EMPLEO ADECUADO FEMENINO EN ECUADOR
Authors: Quintero Betancourt Diana , Mero Rodríguez Jomely
Published: November 2022

La desigualdad de la cual las mujeres han sido víctimas nace de la estructura patriarcal de la sociedad, lo cual hace que, desde su inserción en el mercado laboral, las mujeres estén supeditadas a empleos considerados de baja productividad donde se reproducen las tareas del hogar, los cuales en su mayoría son sectores donde prima la precarización laboral y la informalidad. Dado que la pandemia del Covid-19 acentuó las problemáticas que afectan a las mujeres en el mercado laboral, mediante un análisis econométrico basado en el modelo Logit, es decir de respuesta binaria, se realizó el cálculo de la probabilidad de que una mujer tenga un empleo adecuado dadas ciertas características socioeconómicas como sexo, identificación étnica, rama por productividad, nivel de instrucción y categoría de ocupación durante el período antes y después de la pandemia, dando como resultado una reducción en la probabilidad de que una mujer tenga un empleo adecuado producto de la pandemia. No obstante, si se observa el perfil de las mujeres que fueron afectadas en mayor medida por el Covid-19, se evidencia que la pandemia afectó en mayor medida a las mujeres en situación de vulnerabilidad lo cual no solo llevó a un retroceso en las luchas feministas, sino que también acentuó la pobreza y precariedad en el que viven este grupo de mujeres.
LA ECONOMÍA DE MERCADO EN DESCENSO: ANÁLISIS DESDE LA CRÍTICA A LA ECONOMÍA POLÍTICA
Authors: Iñiguez Ladines Laura María
Published: November 2022

La situación económica, política y social de la actualidad -2022- es preocupante por las recurrentes y distintas crisis que está viviendo la sociedad. Para analizarlas es necesario dotarse de contenido que permita abordar su estudio y profundizarlo. Twilight capitalism: Karl Marx and the decay of the profit system (2021) de los profesores Murray E. G. Smith, Jonah Butovsky y Josh Watterton ofrece los elementos para comprender lo que ha sucedido y sucede en nuestra sociedad organizada bajo el sistema económico de estructura de mercado. Para esto, se apoyan en la teoría de valor-trabajo y de estudios empíricos recientes. Los autores exponen de una forma clara y precisa mediante las categorías económicas de esta teoría que el sistema económico actual bajo una estructura de mercado siempre genera sus propias crisis. Ellos enfatizan que el sistema es el causante de la crisis ambiental, de las crisis sociales y que la crisis sanitaria es solo el detonante de la crisis global que se enmarca como una crisis de la lógica de la búsqueda de ganancias. Por esto, proponen la necesidad de modificar este sistema económico, pues, de otra manera, la humanidad está condenada a desaparecer.
LA COMUNIDAD ANDINA: EFECTOS DEL COMERCIO ENTRE ECUADOR Y COLOMBIA, PERÍODO 1990 - 2021
Authors: Rojas Obando Kevin , Alvarado Santos Andrés , García Reyes Karina
Published: November 2022

El propósito de esta investigación es analizar las relaciones económicas del comercio entre Ecuador y Colombia en el marco de la Comunidad Andina (CAN) para el periodo 1990 2021, así determinar el costo/beneficio que ha representado para Ecuador y Colombia ser miembros activos de este proceso de integración regional. Es de enfoque cuantitativo, se muestra una revisión histórica de las estadísticas de comercio de la CAN, se aborda las principales características de la organización y sus antecedentes hasta la actualidad, presentando una visión general de los países miembros, sus características, su producción y sus fortalezas, ponderando la evaluación del comercio entre Ecuador y Colombia con un modelo VEC que utilizó las variables Saldo de Balanza Comercial entre en Ecuador y Colombia, y como variables predictoras se utilizó al PIB del Ecuador y el PIB de Colombia, el índice de Tipo de Cambio Real Bilateral entre Ecuador y Colombia (ITCRB). Se concluye que existen diferencias en los intereses comerciales de ambos países, y de las cifras del comercio exterior, Colombia presenta una mayor apertura comercial con relación a Ecuador, quien mantiene un recurrente déficit comercial con Colombia motivado por el aumento del costo de los productos de exportación ecuatorianos ante el alza del dólar y la carencia de política monetaria a raíz de la dolarización.
Gender Differentiation in the Management of General Secondary Education Institutions
Authors:   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Vientseva Nadiia , Starokozhko Olga ,   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2022

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the term “gender” and identifies the main gender stereotypes that exist among school teaching staff. There were revealed the peculiarities of gender differentiation in the system of general secondary education. As a result of the study, the list of “male” and “female” positions and specializations in the field of general secondary education was determined. There have been developed the recommendations for heads of general secondary education institutions to ensure gender equality in the teaching staff.