bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Likuiditas, Profitabilitas dan Umur Perusahaan terhadap Kualitas Laba:
Authors: Hasanah Khoirunnisa Nur , Erawati Teguh
Published: January 2022

This study aims to prove the effect of capital structure, liquidity, profitability and firm age on earnings quality. The type of research used is quantitative research and secondary data. The sample of this research is mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2017-2020 using purposive sampling. This study shows that capital structure has no significant effect on earnings quality, liquidity has no significant effect on earnings quality, profitability has no significant effect on earnings quality and firm age has no significant effect on earnings quality. The implications of this research are related to earnings quality. Investors and other users of financial statement information, need to consider the liquidity factor because this factor has a significant impact on the quality of earnings in the company. This shows that users of financial statements, especially investors, need to consider the liquidity factor when making investment decisions in affiliated companies.

Keywords: Capital Structure, Liquidity, Profitability, Company Age, Earnings Quality
Yumurtacı Bıldırcınların (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) Karma Yemlerine Sodyum Format İlavesinin Performans ve Yumurta Kalitesi Üzerine Olan Etkisi
Authors: SEVİM Behlül
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışma yumurtlayan bıldırcınların karma yemlerine 0, 100, 200 ve 400 mg/kg seviyesinde sodyum format ilavesinin performansa ve yumurta kalitesine olan etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Denemede 8 haftalık yaşta toplam 80 adet yumurtacı bıldırcın 5 tekerrürlü 4 muamele grubuna rastgele dağıtılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda karma yeme farklı düzeylerde sodyum format katkısının canlı ağırlık değişimi, yumurta verimi, yumurta ağırlığı ve yumurta kitlesine etkisi önemsiz olurken (P>0,05), karma yeme 200 mg/kg seviyesinde sodyum format ilavesi ile yem tüketimi azalmış ve yemden yararlanma oranı iyileşmiştir (P<0,05). Yumurta dış ve iç kalite parametrelerinden kabuk kırılma direnci ile Haugh birimini karma yeme sodyum format ilavesinden önemli derecede etkilenirken (P<0,05), diğer yumurta kalite parametreleri etkilenmemiştir (P>0,05). Bıldırcın karma yemlerine 100 ve 200 mg/kg seviyesinde sodyum format ilavesi kabuk kırılma direncini düşürmüş ve Haugh birimini arttırmıştır. Sonuç olarak karma yeme yüksek seviyede (200 mg/kg) sodyum format ilavesi yem değerlendirmeyi ve yumurta iç kalitesini olumlu etkilerken, kabuk kırılma direnci olumsuz etkilenmiştir.
THE ENVIRONMENT AND COLONIALISM IN JAMAICA KINCAID’S LUCY AND MY GARDEN (BOOK)
Authors: Wase Anjeh
Published: January 2022

This research paper sets out to show how Jamaica Kincaid, in her celebrated works, Lucy and My Garden (Book), intrinsically links the degradation of the environment to colonialism through memory even though most critics posit that men/women should preserve their environment.

Purpose: To the protagonists, the environment brings back memory of subjugation and oppression that undermine man-nature relationship in Kincaid’s selected works.

Methodology: Qualitative research was used to write this paper since it involves textual analysis. Information of this research paper was gathered from the primary sources (Lucy and My Garden (Book) and secondary sources. Post colonialism and ecocriticism were deemed suitable theories on which this research paper could be hitched, in order to show how the environment is related to colonialism. The paper stresses on Kincaid’s protagonists’ hostility to the environment. In fact, whenever they see elements of the environment, they reflect on colonial trauma.

Findings: The traumatic feeling from the characters under study stifles their relationship with the environment despite the fact that environmentalists and ecofeminists advocate for a close relationship with nature and its preservation in order to combat the current environmental crisis.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This research, just like most environmentalists and ecofeminists will make people to understand that the natural environment is very vital to man and its preservation is a main concern for human beings. It will as well deepen discussion in the field of postcolonialism and ecocriticism. Readers of this article will help sensitize leaders of the world to stop colonialism so that the environment can be saved because traumatic memories are detrimental to the preservation of nature.
Digitale technologie in de geestelijke gezondheidszorg: een narratieve review en visietekst op weg naar gepersonaliseerde zorg
Authors: Myin-Germeys I. , de Thurah L. , Weermeijer J. , Bonnier R. , van Aubel E. , Kiekens G.
Published: January 2022

Digital technology in mental health care: a narrative review and vision on the road to personalised care

Mental health problems are prevalent and are associated with a huge societal cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need for improvements in mental health care focusing on a person-centered approach. Digital technology offers a unique opportunity to contribute to a better understanding of the specific needs of an individual person by actively engaging this person in his or her treatment process.

In this paper, the authors introduce the experience sampling method (ESM) as a clinical instrument fit for this purpose. ESM is a structured diary technique, provided on an app, that allows to assess individuals in their normal daily life. The authors demonstrate that a clinical application of ESM contributes to 1. more engagement and empowerment, 2. better self-management and recovery, 3. improved goal direction in clinical assessment and management of care, and 4. more shared decision making. They also discuss the implementation of ESM in routine mental health care and introduce the European project IMMERSE, which is specifically targeted on the clinical implementation of ESM in 4 European countries. This extensive international project will contribute to the implementation of ESM in clinical practice, resulting in a personalized, proactive, user-centered model of mental health care, transforming patients from passive care users into active managers of their own care.
INFLUÊNCIA DO PROJETO ARQUITETÔNICO NA SEGURANÇA DO TRABALHO - PREVENÇÃO DE ACIDENTES EM OBRAS
Authors: Ferreira Karine Lopes , Agostini Bruno Márcio
Published: January 2022

A construção civil está entre os principais setores industriais do país e também entre os que mais ocorrem acidentes do trabalho. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho trata da importância da abordagem da segurança do trabalho desde a fase do projeto arquitetônico, considerando essa uma das formas de se evitar os altíssimos índices de acidentes no referido setor. Desse modo, tem-se como objetivo elencar possíveis ações a serem tomados durante a fase de projeto, tendo em vista a fase de execução e manutenção para minimizar o índice de acidentes e doenças entre os trabalhadores do citado setor. A metodologia consistiu em revisão literária, trazendo dados quantitativos de acidentes do trabalho seguidos das causas de acidentes mais recorrentes, e na sequência, foram abordadas as possíveis práticas a serem adotadas durante o projeto para evitá-los. Os estudos consultados apontam que apesar de haver algumas dificuldades para se pensar em segurança de forma preventiva durante o projeto arquitetônico, é necessário que isso aconteça, dadas as possíveis consequências dos acidentes. Para isso, o projeto arquitetônico deve ser bem detalhado, de modo que seja possível antever quais processos serão realizados, a necessidade de mão obra especializada, maquinários a serem utilizados, a organização do canteiro de obras e outros aspectos abordados na presente pesquisa.
A Descriptive Analysis on Effect of Corporate Governance on Investor’s Decision
Authors: Prima Frederick Dsouza
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The article studies the impact of internal factors and external factors influencing an investor’s investment decision.
Design/Methodology: The information for the study was obtained from secondary sources like journal papers, magazines and books.
Findings: Human psychology has an internal role in investing choice, whereas corporate governance is an external influence. Corporate governance plays a major role in the investment decision-making process by revealing all elements of business information, but investors understand the information according to their own assessments and assumptions based on their psychology. As a result, a firm’s transparency hardly impacts in investment decisions, and it only works to a limited extent; the rest of the investment selection process is dominated by human behaviour. However, the firm is transparent, there is no guarantee that the investor will always act rationally when making a choice for investment.
Originality/Value: Every investor should make rational decisions about their investments. Therefore, it is an investor’s responsibility to follow the information provided by the firm, although some investors fail to do so. As a result of investor psychology, investors’ investment decisions are beyond the reach of business transparency. The study implies that a behavioural survey will be useful in determining the factor influencing investors’ investing decisions.
Type of Paper: Conceptual Paper
Redefining Nationhood and Nationality through Historiographic Metafiction in the Shadow Lines
Authors: K. Nayana , K. T. Manjula
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Postmodernism is a general movement that developed in the late 20th century across the arts, philosophy, art, architecture, and criticism, marking a disappearance from modernism. The term has been more often used to describe a historical age which followed after modernity. Postmodernism is a period of uprising which refers to ups and downs in each walk of life and the different disciplines of knowledge be it literary work, philosophy, or science. Postmodern literature revokes some modern literary methods by transforming them. Historiographic Metafiction is a contradictory term that consists of two opposite categories such as history and metafiction. It is having dual representations because such writings reflect the reality as well as fictional position. An attempt is made by the Post-colonial Indian English writers to liberate Indian English literature from the foreign bondage. Historical events such as agitations, migration, movements, refugees, colonial hegemony; social-economic and cultural problems like encounter of the east-west, caste, and class became the concerns of the writers.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper is prepared by making a study of Primary source and accumulating secondary data from educational websites and written publications. This qualitative research is carried out by studying and interpreting the existing knowledge on the subject. The paper tries to analyze the historiographic metafictional features as depicted in The Shadow Lines by Amitav Ghosh.
Findings/Result: After reviewing many articles, books and thesis it has been found that the paper aims to study Amitav Ghosh's notions like ‟ Nationhood and National distinctiveness in "The Shadow Lines” as a reminiscence novel, highlights a few historical happenings like the Second World War, the Swadeshi movement, and the Partition of India in 1947 and communal uprisings in Bangladesh and India. The ardent nationalism upheld by the protagonist that is the narrator’s grandmother is questioned and re-analysed. Ghosh searches for appropriateness of traditional identity such as nation and nationalism.
Originality/Value: This paper makes a study of the major character Thamma with special reference to her concerns of Nationhood and Nationality. The identity of Thamma in the novel is given prominence being a woman she stands for her thoughts and identifies her as an individual who faced tragedy but still who had the courage to raise her voice till the end.
Paper Type: Analytical Research paper.
Load Frequency Control for multiarea Power System using Secondary Controllers
Authors: Kumar Nagendra , Singh Akhilesh
Published: January 2022

Load frequency control (LFC) is essential for the stable operation of a power system network. The principal task of LFC is to manage the output of the generator with respect to change in the network frequency and tie-line power; such as to restore the scheduled frequency and power exchange with other areas in a prescribe bounds. This paper carries out an analysis of the LFC for 2 areas reheat thermal system and 4 areas thermal reheat system using a generation rate constraint (GRC), by comparison of performances of secondary controllers like model predictive control (MPC), proportional integral derivative (PID), and Fuzzy cascaded PID as load frequency control scheme. A well-known optimization algorithm, i.e., Big Bang Big Crunch (BBBC) is used to obtain optimal gains of PID controllers. Various load perturbations in different areas have been considered to check the response of the controllers.  Comparative analysis of the results has been obtained in terms of overshoot, undershoot and settling time. It is seen that in all cases, apart from some peaky oscillation in responses, MPC performs better than other controllers, specifically in terms of settling time. The robustness of the MPC controller is also more evident than the other controllers.
HIGHLIGHTS

Two area and 4 area thermal power systems have been taken for the case study
PID, Fuzzy cascaded PID and MPC control schemes have been designed for the LFC
A simulation model of the 2 and 4 areas power systems is presented and used to design control schemes
The performance and effectiveness of all control approaches have been examined under different disturbance scenarios

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Protective Role of Scoparia Dulcis Linn. in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Chana Netnapa , Aiebchun Thitinan , Pinwanit Pattranit , Hiranrat Asadhawut
Published: January 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that appears simultaneously with age. AD is caused by oxidative stress, which generates the oxidation of biomolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. The present study aimed to evaluate protein and lipid protection against damage caused by the free radical and anticholinesterase properties of Scoparia dulcis, which are relevant to AD therapy. Furthermore, phytochemical profiling of S. dulcis extract was also observed. Quantitative phytochemical (phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents) analysis of methanol, butanol, and ethyl acetate fraction substances in S. dulcis was performed by standard spectrophotometric methods. Butanolic extracts showed maximum amounts of phytochemicals, including phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins. The butanolic extract also showed the highest acetylcholinesterase potential inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging, with IC50 values of 93.24 and 22.8 μg/mL, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the butanol fraction exhibited strong FeSO4-induced lipid peroxidation inhibition. The best free-radical-induced protein oxidation inhibitory activity was observed in methanol samples. In conclusion, this study suggests that S. dulcis is a potential agent for drug development against AD.

HIGHLIGHTS

Butanolic Scoparia dulcis extract exhibited maximum amounts of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannins

Butanolic fraction of dulcis extracts was the most active AChEI activity and DPPH radical scavenging

Scoparia dulcis showed strong free-radical-induced lipid and protein damage inhibition

Butanolic Scoparia dulcis warrant further investigation for Alzheimer's disease treatment

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Exploring safety-related behaviours of e-cyclists on urban streets; an observational study
Authors: Gitelman Victoria
Published: January 2022

E-bikes provide a potential for improving sustainable urban mobility. However, there are concerns of e-cycling related injury. In this study, observational surveys of e-bikes were conducted in Israeli cities to explore their presence and safety-related behaviours, at typical urban settings. The results showed that e-bike presence in urban traffic was similar to that of regular bicycles. Mean speeds of e-cyclists were higher than those of regular cyclists, by 5 km/h, on average, but were lower on sidewalks. E-bikes moved slower than vehicles on roadways but were faster than pedestrians on sidewalks. At intersections, 20% of e-cyclists crossed on red. In general, the study showed a mixed use of urban facilities by e-bikes, with heterogeneous traffic both on vehicle and pedestrian settings and multiple risk factors. For a safer integration of e-bikes in Israeli cities, a wider application of cycling infrastructure, with separation from sidewalks and roadways, is needed.
From global goals to local development: the role of regional plan for sustainable urban mobility
Authors: Russo Francesco
Published: January 2022

Sustainable development is one of the great challenges for the future of cities. The public authorities have the role of accompanying cities towards sustainable development and should promote territorial policies that guarantee both economic growth and environmental protection. In this way, they assume a central role in the glo-cal process from global goals and local development. Calabria, as regional public authority, through the Regional Transport Plan, has defined the transport and logistics policy including urban areas and indicating interventions to go towards sustainability. These include city logistics, limited traffic zone and other measures. The interventions aim to contain polluting emissions and transport costs, to promote safe mobility and to improve accessibility. The experimental process has involved citizens, researchers and local authorities in an integrated approach also aimed at linking different roles. The example of Calabria provides information to technicians and policy-makers of general application in all other European regions.
Urban Planning for Transit-Oriented Development: An application in the Naples metropolitan area
Authors: Carpentieri Gerardo
Published: January 2022

Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a planning strategy that aims to concentrate jobs, housing, and services around mass transit stations to make cities more sustainable, productive, and liveable. There is no one-size-fits-all strategy, and TOD principles cannot be uniformly applied across an entire city or transit network. This paper provides an innovative methodology to assess areas around transit nodes and supports decision-makers in identifying critical assets for investment. The developed methodology utilises Bertolini’s node-place model (1996), classifying station nodes according to their transit characteristics (transit features) and the quality of the spaces (open areas) and the built environment (built development). The proposed methodology is applied to the Naples metropolitan area (Italy), which includes 92 municipalities and over 3 million inhabitants. The study identified significant transit corridors and urban hotspots within the study area, where integrated transport and urban strategies would effectively promote more sustainable development.
Occupational Therapy Interventions to Address Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in the Physical Disability Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pisegna Janell , Anderson Sarah , Krok-Schoen Jessica L.
Published: January 2022

Importance: Depressive and anxiety symptoms across physical disability inpatient rehabilitation (IPR) patient groups are well documented and negatively affect functional recovery. The strategies within the occupational therapy scope of practice to address these symptoms in IPR are unclear.

Objective: To determine what interventions within the occupational therapy scope of practice have been used to address depressive and anxiety symptoms in IPR and to determine intervention efficacy.

Data Sources: Nine databases for all publication years were searched (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, AgeLine, OTseeker, and CINAHL).

Study Selection and Data Collection: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for abstracting data and assessing quality. Included articles were peer reviewed, based in the United States, in English, controlled clinical trials or randomized controlled trials, in the IPR setting, and within the occupational therapy scope of practice. Two reviewers independently screened articles, with disagreements resolved by consensus.

Findings: Five of 8,082 articles met inclusion criteria. Diagnoses included stroke (n = 1), traumatic brain injury (n = 1), spinal cord injury (n = 1), and musculoskeletal conditions (n = 2). Results are discussed among four categories: study design and outcome variables, intervention type, intervention intensity, and intervention efficacy.

Conclusions and Relevance: Limited, moderate-quality evidence exists within the occupational therapy scope of practice for addressing depressive and anxiety symptoms in the physical disability IPR setting. Interventions primarily included cognitive and behavioral strategies. Further research among diverse patient populations is needed to support occupational therapy practitioners in facilitating client participation and functioning.

What This Article Adds: This systematic review provides an evaluation of the evidence within the occupational therapy scope of practice to address depressive and anxiety symptoms within the physical disability IPR setting. This research can support occupational therapy practitioners to comprehensively address physical and mental health for participation in IPR.
Rossmann wächst dynamisch in der Corona-Krise
Authors: Müller Annette
Published: January 2022

Rossmann strotzt vor Kraft. Der Drogeriehändler legt 2021 im Inland um satte 8 Prozent zu und gewinnt Kunden aus dem Lebensmitteleinzelhandel (LEH) zurück.
Branche will Özdemir vorauseilen
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: January 2022

Handel, Verarbeiter und Landwirte versuchen mit der Koordinationszentrale einen neuen Anlauf, um die Zusammenarbeit in der Lebensmittellieferkette zu verbessern. Der Druck aus der Politik und eine Neuregelung im Kartellrecht könnten dabei hilfreich sein.
Wirbel im Quick Commerce
Authors: Loderhose Birgitt
Published: January 2022

Der Rückzug von Delivery Hero aus dem deutschen Liefergeschäft sorgt für Unruhe. Neue und alte Wettbewerber wollen in die Lücke springen und Marktanteile erobern. Birgitt Loderhose
„Amazon für die Landwirtschaft“
Authors: Huber Daphne
Published: January 2022

Mit 34 Primärgenossenschaften können Landwirte künftig im Internet Warengeschäfte abwickeln. Einen Überblick zum Angebot gibt der CEO der Handelsplattform, Andreas Bauer.
Immunsystem des Weizens im Fokus
Authors: Schaal René
Published: January 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Ein Konsortium aus etwa 60 Pflanzenzuchtunternehmen hat sich das Ziel gesetzt, Weizensorten mit höherer Pilzresistenz zu entwickeln. Dabei kommen moderne gentechnische Verfahren zum Einsatz. Die Ergebnisse erster Gewächshausversuche sind im März zu erwarten.
Tachigali rodolfo-rocioii, una nueva especie arbórea de Leguminosae de los bosques Andino Amazónicos de Perú
Authors: Huamantupa Chuquimaco Isau , C. de Lima Haroldo , B. O. S. Cardoso Domingos
Published: January 2022

Como resultado de los esfuerzos de la sinergia entre la taxonomía y ecología en los estudios del género Tachigali Aubl. (Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae), se describe e ilustra a la nueva especie Tachigali rodolfo-rocioii, proveniente de los bosques húmedos Amazónicos del sur y centro de Perú. Se compara y discute con las especies morfológicamente más próximas T. amarumayu y T. prancei.
Mass Media’s Systemic Contribution to Political Transformation
Authors: Dupuis Indira
Published: January 2022

The article is aimed at contributing to the discussion of the role of the mass media system in political transformation. For this purpose, reporting on a political issue relevant to the transformation was selected for tracing the theoretical assumption along empirical results: the hitherto taboo topic of Hungarian uprising in 1956. I studied how 1956 was reported in Hungary’s main print media, Népszabadság and Magyar Nemzet, from June 1988 to June 1989. These newspapers, despite still being controlled by the government in the dissolving socialist system of the end 1980s, helped a functional public sphere emerging. The newspapers broadened the interpretive scope by facilitating dissenting opinions and enabled a hitherto suppressed discourse about Kadar’s role in the historical events of 1956. The results suggest the newspapers acted as professional mediators and had a systemic stabilising effect on Hungarian society in this smouldering conflict.
(محطة هون 14 ميجاوات بتقنية الخلايا الشمسية (ضمن آلية التنمية النظيفة
Authors: رمضان الزروق محمد
Published: January 2022

باتت قضايا الاحتباس الحراري و التغير المناخي من الموضوعات التي تشكل تحدياً كبيراً للمجتمع الدولي، ومنذ نهايات القرن الماضي أصبحت هذه الملفات حاضرة في كل المحافل الدولية السياسية منها و الاقتصادية ، و قد تكللت الجهود الدولية في هذا المجال بإبرام الاتفاقية الإطارية للأمم المتحدة بشأن تغير المناخ في العام 1992م و التي صادقت عليها معظم دول العالم ، و كان الهدف الرئيس لهذه الاتفاقية هو الحفاظ على تركيز الغازات الدفيئة في الغلاف الجوي للأرض دون الحد الذي يسبب ضرراً على لإنسان و البيئة ، و وضعت الاتفاقية هذا الهدف تحت مبدأ (هدف مشترك و مسؤوليات متباينة)، و قد صنفت الاتفاقية دول العالم من حيث مسؤوليتها عن إحداث ظاهرة الاحتباس الحراري إلى دول المرفق الأول )و عددها حوالي 38 دولة و هي معظم الدول الصناعية( و دول غير المرفق الأول )و هي بقية دول العالم النامي(. و يشرف على اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة الإطارية بشأن تغير المناخ ما يعرف بمؤتمر الأطراف الذي يعقد اجتماعات دورية لمتابعة كل الأمور المتعلقة بالاتفاقية و لعل من أهم تلك الاجتماعات -الاجتماع الثالث – المنعقد في اليابان في العام 1997م الذي انبثق عنه ما يسمى ببروتوكول كيوتو
Validated TRNSYS Model for Solar Assisted Space Heating Systems
Authors: Abdalla Nidal
Published: January 2022

The present study involves a validated TRNSYS model for solar assisted space heating system as applied to a residential building in Jordan using new detailed radiation models of the TRNSYS 17.1 and geometric building model Trnsys3d for the Google SketchUp™ 3D drawing program. The annual heating load for a building (Solar House) which is located at the Royal Scientific Society (RSS) in Jordan is estimated under climatological conditions of Amman. The aim of this paper is to compare the measured thermal performance of the Solar House with that modeled using TRNSYS. The results showed that the annual measured space heating load for the building was 6,188 kWh while the heating load for the modeled building was 6,391 kWh. Moreover, the measured solar fraction for the solar system was 50% while the modeled solar fraction was 55%. A comparison of modeled and measured data resulted in percentage mean absolute errors for solar energy for space heating, auxiliary heating, and a solar fraction of 13%, 7%, and 10%, respectively. T e validated model will be useful for long-term performance simulation under different weather and operating conditions.
Dry Phosphorus silicate glass etching and surface conditioning and cleaning for multi-crystalline silicon solar cell processing
Authors: Kagilik Ahmed
Published: January 2022

As an alternative to the wet chemical etching method, dry chemical etching processes for Phosphorus silicate glass (PSG) layer removal using Trifuormethane /Sulfur Hexafuoride (CHF 3/SF6) gas mixture in commercial silicon-nitride plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (SiN-PECVD) system is applied. T e dependence of the solar cell performance on the etching temperature is investigated and optimized. It is found that the SiN-PECVD system temperature variation has a significant impact on the whole solar cell characteristics. A dry plasma cleaning treatment of the Si wafer surface after the PSG removal step is also investigated and developed. The cleaning step is used to remove the polymer f lm which is formed during the PSG etching using both oxygen and hydrogen gases.By applying an additional cleaning step, the polymer film is deposited on the silicon wafer surface after PSG etching is eliminated. T e effect of different plasma cleaning conditions on solar cell performance is investigated. Af er optimization of the plasma operating conditions, the performance of the solar cell is improved and the overall gain in efficiency of 0.6 % absolute is yielded compared to a cell without any further cleaning step. On the other hand, the best solar cell characteristics can reach values close to that achieved by the conventional wet chemical etching processes demonstrating the effectiveness of the additional O2/H2 post cleaning treatment
التيارات الهوائية النفاثة كقوة مولدة للطاقة الكهربية في ليبيا
Authors: الشيباني عبد الفتاح
Published: January 2022

إن مصادر الرياح العليا ضخمة للغاية، ووفقا للتقديرات يمكن لهذه الرياح أن تزود ليبيا بقسط كبير من الطاقة الكهربائية. من بين الأمثلة الدالة على التكنولوجيات الهندسية المعاصرة في هذا المجال هو ابتكار جيل جديد من التوربينات الريحية المعلقة، حيث أدرك العلماء أن الرياح القريبة من سطح الأرض أضعف كثيرا من أن توفر موردا منتظما للطاقة، وذلك بسبب وجود الدوامات الهوائية والعوائق التي تمثل مصدرًا للاحتكاك الأرضي الذي يكون سببا في إضعاف قوة الرياح، ويعتبر البعض أن سطح الأرض مكان غير مناسب تماما لاستثمار طاقة الرياح، وكحل بديل تم البدء في التفكير حول إقامة مزارع للرياح في مكان آخر بعيدا عن سطح الأرض، وذلك بتطوير نوع جديد يمكن تشغيله بطبقات الجو العليا وبالتحديد عند مناطق التيارات الهوائية النفاثة، ومقارنة مع الرياح المتقلبة التي تهب بهدوء بالقرب من سطح الأرض قدر العلماء أن طاقة التيارات النفاثة تزيد بألف مرة عن تلك التي يمكن تجميعها من أعتى الرياح في أعالي التلال. وحتى نتمكن من تقديم صورة واضحة عن إمكانية استثمار الطاقة من التيارات الهوائية النفاثة، سنقدم عبر صفحات هذه الورقة شرحًا للموضوع من خلال الجوانب الآتية: كيف بدأت رحلة التوربينات الريحية المعلقة، ميزاتها، والصعوبات التي تواجهها، فوائدها وجدواها الاقتصادية، الدورة الهوائية العامة للغلاف الجوي، التيارات الهوائية النفاثة. ونظرا لكون ليبيا تعتبر من بين بلدان العالم المحظوظة التي يمر بسمائها مجرى التيارات الهوائية النفاثة الشبه مدارية تم القيام بتحليل ومتابعة الخرائط السينوبتيكية اليومية الدالة على سرعة واتجاه الرياح النفاثة والارتفاعات التي وجدت عليها لفترة 60 شهرا متتاليا ابتداء من 01 يناير 2003، حتى 31 ديسمبر 2007، إضافة إلى تحليل بيانات الرصد اليومي للرياح النفاثة التي سجلتها محطة الأجواء العليا بطرابلس خلال الفترة من بداية مارس 1987 حتى نهاية فبراير 1989. تلخصت نتائج الورقة في ان التيارات الهوائية النفاثة ستشكل في المستقبل أحد المصادر الاستراتيجية الهامة للطاقة النظيفة وبإمكانها توفير قدرة تصل كثافتها المتوقعة إلى 19 كيلوواط لكل متر مربع، وتوصي بالاهتمام بها على الصعيد البحثي والتجريبي والتقني، لأن البراعات البحثية والتجريبية والتقانية كفيلة بأن تقدم الكثير من الحلول المثيرة لمشكلات الطاقة في ليبيا.
Simulation Study of the Thermal Performance of MSF Desalination Unit Operating by Solar Vacuum Tube Collectors
Authors: Abdunnabi Mohammad , Ramadan Abdulghani
Published: January 2022

The Center for Solar Energy Research and Studies (CSERS) has good experience in operating and evaluating the thermal performance of small scale 5 m3/day Multi-Stage Flushing (MSF) desalination plant connected to solar pond according to the local weather conditions of Tajoura area. However, a new project has been suggested to run the desalination plant with vacuum tubes solar thermal collectors utilizing available technology and experience.In this study, an attempt was made to make the best use of readily available components to operate the MSF desalination unit with field of solar thermal collectors. Several configuration of collectors and tank arrangements were designed and examined through the use of simulation software, TRNSYS. The study has shown that the layout-3 (two 500 liter storage tanks each of them connected to 9x5 vacuum tube collectors) gives the best performance with an annual solar fraction over 77% at a load temperature of 70 °C with a flow rate of 2500 lit/hr, and over 68% at load temperature of 80 °C for working condition of 8 hours daily. The study has also shown that running the desalination plant for 24 hours a day reduces the solar fraction of the solar collector field to 25%
Performance Analysis of 14 MW Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System
Authors: Kagilik Ahmed , Tawel Abduraouf
Published: January 2022

Many Libyan authorities proposed to investigate the possibility of utilizing a suitable terrain in Libya to add the generation capacity of large-scale photovoltaic power plants. In this paper, the first grid-connected PV plant of 14 MWp which will be executed in Hoon city and supported by the Renewable Energy Authority of Libya (REAOL) is presented. To understand and improve the operational behavior of the PV systems, a comprehensive study including the plant design and detailed performance analysis under local climate conditions is performed. Using polycrystalline silicon technology, the first year energy yield is estimated and the monthly system output for this plant is calculated.
The performance ratio and various power losses (temperature, irradiance, power electronics, interconnection, etc.) are determined. The PV system supplied 24964 MWh to the grid during the first year giving an average annual overall yield factor 1783 kWh/kWp and average annual performance ratio of the system of 76.9%.
"استكشاف فرص العمل المحتملة في الطاقات المتجددة بمنطقة "وادي الآجال
Authors: الزين قاسم
Published: January 2022

: يقع هذا البحث الاستقرائي ضمن موضوع إدارة و تطوير أنظمة الطاقة المتجددة. و هو يعرض باختصار إمكانات و مقدرة الطاقات المتجددة المتوفرة بمنطقة »وادي الآجال« الواقعة جنوب غرب ليبيا على توفير وظائف و فرص عمل عديدة و متنوعة، بالإضافة إلى توليد الطاقة عبر اقتراح عدة نماذج استثمارية في مجالات الطاقة الشمسية و طاقة الرياح و طاقة الكتلة الحيوية، و ذلك عن طريق مقاربة إحصائية تعرض الورقة من خلالها كيفية توفير فرص عمل متنوعة وفقاً للأنشطة الاستثمارية المقترحة في الحقول الثلاثة المبينة للطاقات المتجددة. و في الاستنتاج تخلص الورقة إلى توفر الطاقة الشمسية و طاقة الرياح و طاقة الكتلة الحيوية بكميات متباينة جميعها قادرة و بنسب متفاوتة على تهيئة الوظائف و فرص العمل التقنية المتطورة اللازمة لأي برنامج وطني للتنمية المستدامة، مع الدعم بالمحفزات الاقتصادية المؤثرة في هذا الاستثمار كتفعيل السوق و التأهيل البشري، والتمويل.
A Review of Solar Dehydration of Onion Slices in Developing Countries
Authors: Elzubeir Asim
Published: January 2022

The appropriate drying of crops is an essential step towards the minimization of post-harvest losses; further, the improvement of quality of products by drying, and hence an increase in the price, is of tremendous economic significance to the agricultural community. Among the several methods of long-term preservation of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) dehydration is perhaps the simplest method that does not require sophisticated equipment or highly skilled workers. Traditional dehydration in the sun poses some problems, therefore, it is necessary to consider solar dehydration of onion. Different models of solar dryers had been developed and a good quantum of research is progressing in most countries to propagate the solar drying technology for value addition of bulb onion. This review paper discusses the reduction of post-harvest losses of bulb onion in developing countries using solar dehydration, special attention was given to Sudan.
Design of photovoltaic system powered a small-scale SWRO desalination plant
Authors: Elfaqih Albashir.KH.
Published: January 2022

This paper illustrates a proposed design to the Center for Solar Energy Research and Studies (CSERS) - Tajura, for the erection and testing of a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system for the powering of a small scale seawater reverse-osmosis (SWRO) desalinationplant. The plant promises to deliver up to 0.25 m3/hour of potable water from seawater with a salinity of about 38,000 ppm and osmotic pressure of 26.4bar.In the current paper, ROSA Software by Dow chemical company was used to establish a suitable membrane unit at this capacity. A unit of 4 inch of SW30-4040, with a feed pressure of 48 bar, and a salt recovery (R) of 20% with total dissolved solids (TDS) of 190ppm was selected.Also, results showed that the electrical consumption of the SWRO plant was 2500 W, and the specific energy consumption was 10 kWh/m3. The size of the selected stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system to power a SWRO plant with a mean production capacity of1.5m³/day (6 hours operating per day), is 48V nominal voltage, 72 PV modules (shell SQ85-P), and 16 batteries with the capacity of 383Amp-Hour each.
نحو تطبيق نظام ملصقات الطاقة لترشيد الاستهلاك وتوفير الموارد في ليبيا
Authors: التائب نجمي , القنين فائزة
Published: January 2022

مع الاحتياج المتزايد على المستوى العالمي إلى ترشيد استهلاك الطاقة لتقليل الهدر في الموارد الطبيعية الآيلة للنضوب، والحفاظ على البيئة من الملوثات الناجمة عن عمليات استغلال الطاقة، سعت وتسعى بلدان العالم المختلفة ومنظماته المختصة إلى البحث عن الوسائل الفاعلة لتحقيق هذه المستهدفات، وكان من أبرز الطرق وأكثرها نجاعة في هذا المجال تطبيق منظومات ملصقات الطاقة على ّالمعدات المختلفة المستهلكة لها، حيث بينت التقارير جدوى هذه الوسائل في كثير من بلدان العالم .تحاول الورقة معالجة هذا الموضوع، مبينة أبعاده وآفاقه وأهميته وآليات تطبيقه وتوطينه وما يتطلبه ذلك. وتحديد الصعاب والمشاكل المتوقعة، وسبل التغلب عليها، للمساهمة الفاعلة في ترشيد استهلاك الطاقة في ليبيا.
مقارنة اقتصادية - تقنية مبسطة لمنظومة ضخ الماء بالطاقة الكهربية الشمسية مقابل منظومة ضخ الماء بالطاقة الكهربية التقليدية للأغراض الزراعية في منطقة »أوجلة
Authors: الزين قاسم , حمد لالي امراجع
Published: January 2022

تقدم هذه الورقة مقارنة مبسطة تبين الجدوى الاقتصادية لاستخدام المضخات الشمسية مقابل المضخات التقليدية في الزراعة القائمة على الري بالتنقيط مثل الخضراوات و الأشجار وخصوصاً النخيل في المناطق الزراعية حول أوجلة. حيث تمت مقارنة المواصفات التقنية بين نموذجين من المضخات الشمسية بسعتين متباينتين - كبيرة و صغيرة. كما تمت مقارنة تأثير إنتاجية المضختين على فاعلية التغطية المنشودة لبرامج الري المقصودة لأشجار النخيل و الخضراوات. كما أنجزت أيضاً مقارنة مباشرة بين تكاليف الضخ التقليدي و الضخ الشمسي للمياه الزراعية في حالة محددة لبئر يبعد 500 متر عن خط الإمداد بالطاقة الكهربية التقليدية. و قد تم في هذا البحث الاعتماد على المقاربة الحاسوبية باستخدام برنامج موثوق لأحد الشركات العالمية المتخصصة في تصنيع مضخات المياه العاملة أساساً على تقنية الطاقة الشمسية. حيث و اعتماداً على الاستقراء و المحاكاة الرقمية لعمليات ضخ مياه الري الزراعي سجلت تقنية الضخ الشمسية معدلات أداء تقني - اقتصادي عالية جداً مقابل الضخ الكهربي التقليدي. و قد تم الحصول على نتائج مرضية لتدفقات المياه ترجح استخدام المنظومات الاصغر و الأقل تكلفة للضخ الشمسي على المنظومات الأكبر في الحالة قيد الدراسة و ما شابهها، كما أن تلك النتائج قد بينت أفضلية اقتصادية بارزة للمنظومات الشمسية على المنظومات التقليدية على المدى المتوسط و البعيد. و بشكل عام، فقد أثبتت نتائج هذا البحث، أنه و حيثما تتوفر المياه بشكل عام فإنه يمكن النجاح و بجدوى اقتصادية عالية في الاستفادة من الإمكانات الهائلة  ًللطاقة الشمسية و معداتها في تشجيع الزراعة الإنتاجية بعيدة المدى في أي مكان يبعد و لو قليلا عن الخطوط التقليدية لنقل الطاقة الكهربية. و نظراً لما توفره هذه العملية من فرص عمل و استثمار زراعي و صناعي و بشري و تنمية مستدامة في الكثير من المناطق المشابهة فإنها سوف تحتاج إلى المساندة بجملة من السياسات، و القوانين، و التسهيلات، و المحفزات المالية ، المؤدية إلى تحقيق هذه الرؤية، ضمن شروط الجدوى الاقتصادية، و من ضمنها توفير التمويل و تفعيل السوق و التأهيل البشري.
Effct of Solid Content and pH on Biogas Production From Organic Fraction Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Ashur Mukhtar , Bengharbia Iman , Aldulaimi Salh
Published: January 2022

The increasing demand for energy and the constraints on environmental aspects motivate theresearch on municipal solid waste to be an environmentally friendly source of renewable energy. Thereforeusing the organic fraction of municipal solid household waste in an anaerobic digester to produce biogas anda digestate which can be used safely as fertilizer. In this study, three reactors of two-liter volume are used toinvestigate the effect of total solid content (10%, 15%, 20%) and pH on the produced amount of biogas. Theresults revealed that a lower percentage of solid content yields the highest amount of biogas and the pH below6.0 will inhibit biogas production. The percentage of methane from the 10% reactor was 50.2 % of the gasproduction
Investigation of Solar Chimney System and the Effct of Thrmal Storage Capacity on the System Performance Part I: Experimental Investigation
Authors: AL. Galia Rabia , Arebi Bashir , Shuia Essaied
Published: January 2022

The performance and the thermal behavior of the solar chimney were investigated experimentally. The experimental data were collected from small pilot solar chimney which was designed and constructed at Sabratha Faculty of Engineering-Libya. Solar chimneys need solar radiation in order to work, thus, to have more stable condition, solar energy should be stored during the day and released back during the night. In order to investigate the temperature fild during daylight and hours of darkness, the data were collected for a period of 24 hours for several days of months, May and June 2014. Th investigation also include the effctof thermal storage on the temperature fild. Th solar chimney system contains two main components; the solar collector and the solar chimney. Th solar collector roof has a circular area of 126 m2. A PVC pipe 0.2 m in diameter and 9 m in height was used as a chimney. Water containers were put as thermal blocks to study the effct of thermal storage on the performance of solar chimney. The measurements included the intensity of solar radiation inside/outside the collector, temperature and velocity of heated air at the entrance of the chimney, temperature and speed of wind outside the collector, temperature of the ground inside the collector and temperature measurements of air at particular points at diffrent levels throughout the collector. Solar irradiance was found to affct the chimney temperature and subsequently chimney air velocity. The temperature diffrence between the hot air at chimney entrance and the ambient reached about 45 °C, which generates the driving force of airflw in the chimney. Th hot air velocity in the chimney can reach 3.6 m/s (≈ 0.118 kg/sec). Wind speed was found to have a small inflence on the performance of the solar chimney.The results indicate that the solar chimney system can operate in northwestern Libya. If this type of system is used on a large scale it can trap solar radiation and store a suffient amount of heat through the use of additional heat storage such as water, which raises the air temperature in the collector aftr sunset to a suffient value capable of generating air flw for a long time to run turbines to produce electricity during the day and aftr sunset especially during the summer time.
The Generation of Typical Meteorological Year for Tripoli, Libya
Authors: Khalifa Yosof , Alargt Farag
Published: January 2022

In this paper a Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) of Tripoli city, the capital of Libya was presented and analyzed using twelve year of measured weather data, this data includes global solar radiation, air temperature and wind speed. Th measurements were taken every ten minutes. Finkelstein–Schafer statistical method was applied to analyze the data and obtain the TMY for the site. Typical Meteorological Months (TMMs) were selected by choosing the one with the least deviation from the long-term cumulativedistribution function. A close-fi agreement is observed between the generated TMY and the long-term averages. Ths TMY generated will be very useful tool for optimal design and performance evaluation of solar energy conversion systems, heating, wind, and other renewable energy systems to be located in this part of Libya.
Flat Plate based- Solar System with a tracking system
Authors: Abdunnabi Mohammed , Abusalama A. , Algamil M. , Almontaser M.
Published: January 2022

Water heating in Libyan domestic sector represents over 29% of the total electrical consumption. Thre is a great potential of hot water usage in the industrial and other sectors. Solar energy can play vital role in providing hot water to the residential and industrial sectors. In this paper, numerical simulation and experimental investigation are undertaken to study the enhancement of thermosyphon solar water heater with flt plate collector system through design, manufacturing and implementation of a single axis tracking.The collector tracks the sun in a band angle equal to 70° from east to west with surface tilted angle of 45° from the horizontal. Th design and manufacturing processes of the tracking system and assembling to the thermosyphon systems are presented. Numerical simulations are carried out using TRNSYS softare where several cases of one axis and two axis tracking systems are simulated and presented in this paper. TRNSYS simulation results indicate that 38% extra energy can be harnessed in case of single-axis tracking system over stationary one. Experimental testing of designed tracking system are performed along with stationaryidentical system for several months, substantial amount of data are. Th results show that the performance is enhanced by an average value of 21.17% over stationary one. Ths result is considered to be very reasonable compared with the theoretical one. Th additional cost incurred due to the inclusion of the tracking system is estimated to be 20.4%
Investigation of a solar thermal driven Refrigerated Warehouse in Tripoli-Libya using TRNSYS
Authors: BenAbeid Mukhtar
Published: January 2022

This paper, illustrates a design and simulation of a solar powered absorption refrigeration system preserves food above freezing point. Th main system is modifid from a commercial conventional system located at Tajoura, Libya. Th target is to design and operate the system at high solar fraction and effiency.The simulation is performed by TRNSYS to evaluate the annual thermal performance of the solar system that consists of 50-kW absorption chiller producing cold for three refrigerated rooms. The model could be classifid into two main parts; refrigeration load model and solar powered refrigeration system model. The results demonstrated that the optimum system achieves 51% solar fraction consists of 48 m2 of high performance evacuated tubes solar collectors and 5000-litre thermal storage tank, in order to power a 50-kW absorption chiller that offrs cold for three refrigerated rooms of vegetables
A Mathematical Model for The Performance of Solar Heating Driven Bubble Pumps
Authors: Elshawesh Khaled , Agha Khairy , Dekam Elhadi
Published: January 2022

A mathematical model of the bubble pump is established by employing the governing equations; the continuity, momentum and energy equations. Th model was used to evaluate the performance of the pump under diffrent geometrical and operational conditions. Diffrent parameters including the pump tube diameter, the pumping head, and solar heating input were considered in the analysis. Th flw rates of both phases (liquid and vapor) were predicted for each set of parameters. Methanol was used as the working flid. The performance is presented for a number of diffrent scenarios. Th flw was found to be increased with both larger diameters and low static heads, while it has a roughly sine curve with the heat input. A set of results show that for a tube diameter of 10 mm and pumping head of 450 mm, increasing the heat input from 300 W to 500 W increases the mass flw rate of vapor from 0.04 kg/sec to 0.08 kg/sec, while the liquid flow increases from 0.075 kg/sec to 0.22 kg/sec, respectively. Generally, the results of this study were found to be in fair agreement with published results.