bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employees’ Attitude and Their Performance: A Study of Senior Staff University of Cape Coast
Authors: Soale Buah , Mbawin Akudugu Alhassan
Published: May 2021

How employees feel and behave in an organisation is very important in determining how they will perform any assigned task. As such, employee attitude has been at the centre stage of human resource management strategies as a means to improving their performance and commitment to their job and by extension the performance of the organisation. In this regard, this study examined the causality between the attitude and job performance of senior staff of University of Cape Coast. Due to the large number of staff and demands of the research objectives, a quantitative approach was adopted using a descriptive research design. A sample size of 308 was derived from a population of 1,532 using Krejcie and Morgan (1970). Questionnaire was used to randomly collect data from 308 senior staff. SPSS was used to code and capture the data besides performing factors analysis on the challenges that impede management’s ability to improve the attitude of senior staff. Smart PLS 3 was used to perform partial least square regression analysis on the link between attitude and performance of the staff. The results show that about 43% of changes in senior staff’s job performance can be attributed to changes in their attitude. Also, the attitude of the senior staff can predict about 26% of how they will perform their job. Stimulating innovations and change, improving ethical behaviour and total quality management are the main challenges that impedes management’s ability to improve the attitude of the senior staff in relation to their job performance. For policy implications management should also dedicate resources to mitigating jealousy among staff.
Using Peer Tutoring To Enhance Pre-Service Teachers Performance In Physics.
Authors: Osei-Himah Valentina
Published: May 2021

The study used peer tutoring to teach pre-service teachers to improve their performance in physics at Atebubu College of Education in Ghana. To achieve the purpose of the study an action research design was used.  A total number of 140 were purposively selected. Quantitative data was collected from pre-service teachers using achievement test and questionnaire as the main research instruments. Through the analysis of the quantitative data using percentages, means, standard deviation, it was found that the pre-service teachers’ performance in physics was enhanced as a result of the peer tutoring method adopted for the study. It was recommended that, Science tutors at the Colleges of Education are encouraged to adapt to the teaching and learning of scientific concepts through peer tutoring means as the findings of the study has shown that peer tutoring teaching and learning of physics help reduce students’ forgetfulness and recitation of scientific concepts.
In The Mid of Closure Lies Opportunity: Live Experiences of the Tourism Displaced Workers
Authors: A. Mijares Leigh Anne , G. Rodriguez Darryl
Published: May 2021

Boracay Island, Philippines is known for being a world’s beach destination.  However, rapid infrastructures development and wanton disregard to the physical environment eventually lead to a six-month temporary closure of the Island for rehabilitation purposes based on Presidential Proclamation No. 475.  As a consequence, emergence of displaced workers in the Island occurred. In this paper, the researchers aimed to know the perceptions of the displaced workers in terms of their stances, feelings and opportunities relative to the issue. The researchers used Phenomenological study, a qualitative research, to deeply know the lived experiences of the displaced tourism workers in Boracay. Key informants were selected through purposive sampling. This study evinced that the displaced workers carry on their indomitable spirits of survival. Hence, the displaced workers were amenable of the closure of the Island for the preservation for the next generation. Moreover, they established business in their respective places, while others are looking for new opportunities. Nevertheless, they still have plans to go back to the Island because of innermost and better opportunities that await them. It is strongly recommended that all stakeholders must strictly enforce environmental laws owing to the fact that the main attraction of Boracay is their pristine nature; without it, everything about Boracay goes nil.
IKEA and Wal-Mart: Comparison of Transferable Factory Specific Advantages (FSAs) in Internationalization
Authors: Salloum Hussein
Published: May 2021

This study investigates the cases of two mega size retailers, IKEA and Wal-Mart and their internationalization approaches. Whereas IKEA is a Sweden based company that started in 1934 and expanded to 52 countries by 2021 with 378 stores, Wal-Mart is US based company started in 1962 and expanded throughout 26 countries by 2021 with 11,443 stores.
Prise en charge anesthésiologique des abdomens aigus chirurgicaux chez l’adulte au département d’anesthésie réanimation et de médecine d’urgence du CHU Gabriel Toure.
Authors: ALMEIMOUNE Abdoulhamidou , Madane Thierno Diop , Moustapha MANGANE , Seidou Alaji DÉMBELE , Mahamadoun COULIBALY , Youssouf SOGOBA , Chiad mahamadoun CISSE Abdoulaye , KOITA Siriman , SANGARE Harouna , Yattara Sidy , KOITA Siriman , TRAORE Aliou , André KASSOGUE , Boubacar DIALLO , Bah Amadou , Konaté Madiassa , B. Sidibe Yoro , Djibo Mahamane DIANGO
Published: May 2021

The anesthesiological management of acute surgical abdomens remains a delicate exercise for anesthesiologists and resuscitators, given the major volume disturbances, the delay in diagnosis with its corollary of septic shock, and the dysfunction of the emergency departments with which they are confronted. The objectives of this work were to study clinical and anesthesiological aspects, as well as intraoperative morbidity and mortality related to acute surgical abdomens. We conducted a prospective 12-month study. In this study was included Any patient received in the emergency room of the C.H.U Gabriel Touré in whom the diagnosis of acute surgical abdomen had been retained on the basis of clinical and paraclinical signs who agreed to participate. Results: During our study period, acute surgical abdomens represented 631/1335 cases of all emergency surgeries. Fifty-six of them were referred to intensive care immediately after surgery. Peritonitis represented 376 cases (61%) followed by intestinal obstruction (135/631), appendicitis (76/631) and hemoperitoins (33/631). The clinical presentation on admission was dominated by signs of hypovolemic and infectious delay. The average hemoglobin level was 12.03g / dl. Renal impairment (clearance <50 ml / ml) was detected in 50 patients. The mean operating time was 134.32 min regardless of the diagnosis. In the intensive care group, the reason for admission was dominated by states of shock 24 out of 56 cases (i.e. 42.9%), delayed awakening 5/56 cases, bronchial inhalation 4/56, cardio circulatory arrest 2/56 . In this group 14 patients received artificial ventilation ≥12h. Vasoactive support coupled with macromolecular filling was required in 17/56 cases. Eleven patients were reoperated x 25 during their stay in intensive care. The major postoperative complications were septic shock in 11 cases, hemorrhagic shock in 6 cases and 1 cardiogenic shock. The overall mortality from acute surgical abdomens was 2.24% patients (30 patients). Conclusion: The management of abdominal surgical emergencies must be multidisciplinary in order to further reduce the morbidity and mortality rate which remains significant today.                                                                                                                                

Keywords: Anesthesia, perioperative, abdominal surgical emergency, Gabriel Touré University Hospital
Lung cancer - statistical analysis data from 2016 to 2019 in Shtip, Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Zhu Jihe , Arsovska Blagica , Kozovska Kristina
Published: May 2021

According to the data of the World Health Organization, globally, in 2018, 18 million new cases of cancer were registered, of which 2.09 million (11.6%) were diagnosed with lung cancer and 9.6 million deaths, of which 1.76 million (18.4) are in lung cancer. The overall standardized incidence rate by age is 25% higher in men than in women. Statistical data taken from the Center for public health – Shtip,  shows that lung cancer is more common in men and more common in people aged 55-65, while in women there is no dominance of a certain age group. The total number of newly registered cases of lung cancer in Stip for 2016 is a total of 25. In 2017 the total number is 35 of which 30 of the patients are men, most of them are aged 55 to 65 years. In 2018 the total number is 22. The total number of newly registered cases of lung cancer in Shtip for 2019 is 7 of which are all registered in men, most are aged 45 to 54 and 65 to 75 years. Due to the frequency of this type of cancer, it is important to raise the awareness in people to prevent or detect the disease early, which improves the chances for a better prognosis and a better outcome of treatment.
Communication Conflictuelle De Fin De Regne En RDC.
Authors: Mukwege Buhendwa Vincent
Published: May 2021

La transition politique survenue en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), en janvier 2019, fut le résultat- inespéré- de nombreux affrontements. Dans cette bataille rangée, quatre types de belligérants, armés jusqu’aux dents, repartis en « variables », étaient déterminés à marquer, de leurs empreintes, ce tournant politique, unique en son genre. D’une part, les « Variables Internes Favorables au Glissement » ont été appuyées, de l’extérieur, par les « Variables Externes Favorables au Glissement ». D’autre part, ce duo du statu quo se frottait constamment à la résistance farouche des « Variables Internes Défavorables au Glissement», appuyées, de l’extérieur, par les « Variables Externes Défavorables au Glissement ». Les résultats de cette étude retracent un essai  de  chronique de ces affrontements où les locuteurs/acteurs ont joint l’acte à la parole, de la fermeture de la Maison Schengen de Kinshasa à l’investiture de Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo (Fatshi), dit « élu Président » de la République. Le point d’orgue de ces affrontements marque plutôt le dénouement d’une conflictualité qui aurait pu dégénérer en une crise post-électorale aux dimensions incommensurables, mais qui plutôt, par un tour de manœuvre, a privilégié une vérité socialement (re)construite, au regard des réalités et impératifs du moment, par ailleurs inhérents à la realpolitik.
To Assess the Influence of Policy and Legal Framework On ICT Innovation
Authors: Ochola Collins Ochieng , Agnes Nduku Prof.Wausi
Published: May 2021

A study to assess the influence of policy and legal framework on Information Communication Technology (ICT) innovations in Kenya. The objective was to analyze the legal factors affecting the innovation of ICT products in Kenya with a focus was on Government regulations, Policy and Industry related factors, Copyright Infringement and Enforcement regime. Purposive sampling was used for the study while the instrument for data collection was structured questionnaires. The findings are Competition amongst major industry players’ influences innovation as every player wants to have a competitive advantage of other market players. Additionally, the government plays a key role in innovation through laying rules and regulation that govern industry players. Issuance of license to industry players this sets the terms of reference between the government and the entities. In view of the findings, Government regulation of ICT sector is of uttermost importance it protects the rights of players in the market, the environment as well as hold the players accountable. Forces of demand and supply regulate the available market for the innovations as innovators have the same target market hence how they position their items enable them get clients.
LE DROIT PENAL DES AFFAIRES ET ASSAINISSEMENT DES ACTIVITES ECONOMIQUES EN RDC
Authors: CEDRIC Christian KASONGO
Published: May 2021

Généralement en économie classique, une idée est parfois admise, selon laquelle, « l’Economie n’a pas besoin du Droit pour se gérer ou pour faire ses preuves » Autrement « l’Economie n’a pas de morale ».

Dans cette même ligne, la fable de BERNARD MANDEVILLE vient donner effet positif à cette pensée car celle-ci se résume dans le fait que « les vices prives font les biens publics et la vertu condamne la société à la pauvreté »[1] ; d’où il faut laisser faire les commerçants et les opérateurs économiques… Cette idée est complétée par une théorie développée par le célèbre économiste ADAM SMITH, « La théorie de la main invisible », celle-ci accompagnée de la logique libérale, voudrait « qu’il faut laisser-faire les vices qui favorisent le bien-être commun ou l’intérêt général »[2].

Il ajoute dans la même logique que le marché n’a pas besoin des règles de droit car le marché s’autorégule… car le principe universel des activités économiques est basé sur la liberté de commerce et de l’industrie, qui sont aussi à leur tour résumé dans la liberté d’entreprendre.

Les activités économiques, bien que s’autorégulant, mais menées par l’homme pour l’homme, nécessitent au-delà de la logique libérale un certain ordre. Cet ordre est en effet apporté par le Droit Pénal Economique. D’où, bien que l’économie libérale exclut dans le domaine de l’économie la présence du Droit Pénal Economique car ce denier se présente comme un obstacle aux activités économiques, il faut constater aussi que cette logique libérale devient complète lorsqu’elle est adjointe à un minimum de morale et d’éthique, car l’ordre public économique et la libre concurrence comme piliers de l’économie imposent le respect d’un certain nombre de principes.

Ce respect est assuré par le Droit Pénal Economique. L’ordre étant par essence un noyau du développement, on comprend logiquement que dans son rôle d’Etat gendarme, l’Etat a toutes les raisons d’intervenir dans le domaine économique par un Droit pénal spécial spécialisée qu’est le Droit pénal des Affaires.
Three Purāṇic Statements on the Shape of the Earth
Authors: Knudsen Toke Lindegaard
Published: May 2021

The article analyses an argument given in Jñānarāja's Siddhāntasundara (ca. 1500) on the shape of the earth according to the Purāṇas. The argument involves the use of the word gola, 'ball, globe,' in the Purāṇas, a Purāṇic statement about the mountain Meru being north of everywhere, and a Purāṇic comparison of the earth to a mirror. The article concludes that Jñānarāja breaks with the Purāṇas as well as the traditional commentaries on these texts, and further suggests that we might have to rethink the dictionary definition of gola.
Suitability of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) for making hardboard
Authors: Khatun N. , Misbahuddin M. , Biswas D. , Roy U.
Published: May 2021

Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) wood (stem and branch) chips were pulped to produce hardboard for industrial use. Hardboards were made by thermo mechanical (steaming) and chemo mechanical processes for making hardboard to assess their suitability. In the thermo mechanical process, chips under 7.03 kg/cm2 and 10.55 kg/cm2 digester pressure each for 30, 60 and 90 minutes. In the chemo mechanical (chemical pre-treatment) process, chips were soaked in 1, 2, 3% NaOH solution under atmospheric pressure at 24 hours soaking time. Hardboards were tested to determine their modulus of rupture and water resistance properties. Results showed that chemically treated boards are stronger than steam softening boards. The boards made from rubber branches are much stronger than rubber stems.
Some machining and handtool properties of tetuya koroi (Albizia odoratissima) wood
Authors: Sarker M. A. , Mridha M. N. A. , Rahman M. A. , Sarker L. K.
Published: May 2021

The study was conducted to determine the suitability of tetuya koroi (Albizia odoratissima) wood for furniture manufacturing i.e., planing, shaping, boring, mortising, turning, etc machining and handtool property tests of this species grown in south-east Bangladesh.. The evaluation in both machining and handtool property tests was based on the frequency of the defect-free sample. Finishing property was also determined by implementing two types of polishing materials, viz.: carpa and shellac. The defects of the sample were estimated by visual and tactile observation. The percentage of defect free samples was evaluated for each property operation and classified based on five quality grades. The study's findings mainly introduced good working properties, and tetuya koroi wood may be suitable for furniture. All properties exhibited 63 % to 76 % grade 1 and 95 % to 100 % qualified grade. The finishing property of this wood showed good quality as well.
Influence of humanitarian assistances on ecosystem services in Bangladesh coast
Authors: Amin M. N. , Islam S. ​ , Rahman M. S. , Snigdha S. S.
Published: May 2021

The coastal ecosystem of Bangladesh is diverse and the life and livelihood of the people are largely dependent on ecosystem services (ES). The frequent natural disasters negatively influence coastal ecosystem services and consequently interrupt human life and resources. Government and non-government organizations provide humanitarian assistance to the local community to recover damages induced by disasters in coastal areas. In this research, we used participatory workshops (n=4) and face-to-face questionnaire surveys (n=131) to study the influence of humanitarian assistance on ecosystem services on the Bangladesh coast. Our study revealed prominent ecosystem services in the study area; those were provisioning services: crops, livestock, capture fisheries, freshwater; regulating services: erosion regulation, climate regulation, natural hazard regulation; cultural services: recreation and tourism, boating to the Meghna coast, migratory birds watching. The livelihood of people was heavily impacted by the disasters; however, training support guided them to manage their income by selling their commercially produced animals (e.g., cattle, goats and poultry) before disaster seasons. Humanitarian assistance for supplementary nutrient supply, sanitation and drinking water facilities influenced the unwanted extraction of natural resources from the fragile ecosystems after the disaster. Our study suggested that future research should focus on the influence of one-to-one humanitarian assistance, to what extent ES improvement through this assistance is achievable for natural disaster protection on the Bangladesh coast.
High-Performance Work System & Employee Performance in Public Sector: Testing the Mediating Effect of Job Engagement
Authors: Saba Feroz Qureshi , Khawaja Asif Tasneem
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of high-performance work systems on employee performance mediated by job engagement of the employees working in the public sector organization. The paper attempts to explain how high-performance work systems influence the employees and motivate them to perform in the organization. The study goals to deliver the understanding of high-performance work systems that influences job engagement which in turn significantly affects employee performance. To test the studyâ€™s hypotheses, we collected data from a field study of 500 employees working in 25 public sector banks. Our results show that a high-performance work system is significantly related to employee performance and this relationship is mediated by job engagement. This shows that employees who are given improved high-performance work systems showed high job engagement along with high employee performances regardless of their gender and other diversity. Perspectives related to high-performance work systems pose a positive outcome on the employee performance are considered dominant in the current investigation.
Adoption of Mobile Marketing in the Telecommunication Industry of Tanzania: The Effects of Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use, and Customerâ€™s Knowledge
Authors: Joseph Chille Felix , Aloyce Shayo France , Shokat Kara Nasra
Published: May 2021

This paper focuses on identifying the factors affecting customerâ€™s adoption of mobile marketing by examining the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived customerâ€™s knowledge in the telecommunications industry of Tanzania. The study extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), with Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI), in predicting the customerâ€™s mobile marketing adoption. Survey strategy was employed in data collection by administering the structured questionnaires and collected data using multi stage sampling on 406 respondents in Dar es Salaam. After then, it was analyzed using factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings indicated that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived customer knowledge have significant and positive influence on the adoption of mobile marketing in the telecommunication industry in Tanzania. The study contributes to telecommunication practitioners with the integrated theoretical framework, which suggest that telecommunication practitioners need to develop mobile platforms that are easy to use, useful in solving customersâ€™ problems and in designing products whose benefits are easily understood by customers. Through holistic mobile marketing approach, this study makes parsimonious contribution to knowledge by using few variables in predicting the customerâ€™s adoption of mobile marketing in Telecommunication industry in Tanzania.
Organizational Conflict Management: The All Important Public Universities Performance Strategy Under Neglect in Kenya
Authors: Gertrude Muthoni Mwaniki , Muathe Stephen, M. A.
Published: May 2021

Workplace conflicts are inevitable in any work-organization. However, there is contestation as to whether management of organizational conflicts enhances or deteriorates employeesâ€™ performance. This study sought to determine the effect of organizational conflict management techniques, namely negotiation, mediation, collaboration and avoidance, on employeesâ€™ performance in selected public universities in Kenya. The study was based on the human relations, human capital and contingency theories. The study adopted a positivist quantitative approach - a methodological approach that seeks to quantify data and generalize results from a sample of a target population in an objective manner using statistical means. The study adopted descriptive research design. The study population was employees of the selected public universities in Kenya. A sample of 160 participants was chosen using stratified and simple random sampling methods. Gathered data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Both ANOVA and regression analysis were utilized in analysis of the data. The study established that there was a strong positive and significant relationship between negotiation, mediation as well as collaboration and employeesâ€™ performance in the selected public universities in Kenya as the three variables had positive beta coefficients and p-values less than the set significance level threshold. However, avoidance was found to have a negative and significant relationship with employeesâ€™ performance in the selected public universities in Kenya as denoted by its negative beta coefficient value and a p value less than the set significance level threshold. The study concluded that negotiation, mediation and collaboration positively influenced employeesâ€™ performance while avoidance adversely affected employeesâ€™ performance. Consequently, the study recommends that the managements of public universities in Kenya may apply a mix of these organizational conflict management techniques to achieve optimal outcomes in resolution of organizational conflicts.
Economie dâ€™Ã©chelle Ã lâ€™interne et Covid-19 : Une tentative de voie de sortie en RDC
Authors: Kayiri Jean de Dieu Tsongo , Abwe AndrÃ© Shikoâ€™a
Published: May 2021

Les pays en dÃ©veloppement sont soumis Ã  des Ã©tudes approfondies pour sâ€™adapter Ã  une nouvelle configuration Ã©conomique naturelle Ã  la suite de la situation dâ€™autarcie imposÃ©e par la Covid-19. Cet article analyse la possibilitÃ© qui puisse exister par application dâ€™une Ã©conomie dâ€™Ã©chelle interne pour faire face aux effets Ã©conomiques de la Covid-19 en RÃ©publique DÃ©mocratique du Congo (RDC). La comparaison des variances a Ã©tÃ© faite Ã  partir du test F de Fisher-Snedecor. Nâ€™Ã©tant pas Ã  confondre au test exact de Fisher, cette loi   a servi pour tester la participation de secteurs Ã©conomiques dans le Produit IntÃ©rieur Brut (PIB) afin dâ€™opter le secteur Ã  appliquer cette Ã©conomie. Les rÃ©sultats font Ã©tant de lâ€™absence de diffÃ©rence de moyennes de secteurs Ã©conomiques, ce qui dit quâ€™aucun secteur ne contribue significativement Ã  la production du pays. Pratiquement, les rÃ©sultats invitent les autoritÃ©s politiques et opÃ©rateurs Ã©conomiques Ã  lâ€™application de lâ€™Ã©conomie dâ€™Ã©chelle dans un secteur de choix. Mais, si on se contentait des paramÃ¨tres de tendance centrale et de modÃ¨le Solow-Swan, il serait conseillÃ© dâ€™exploiter plus le secteur primaire accompagnÃ© du secteur tertiaire. De cette recherche, on peut noter la prÃ©sence dâ€™une limite sur la dÃ©termination des facteurs de production dâ€™ordre gÃ©nÃ©ral qui peuvent se dÃ©placer entre les secteurs et des facteurs spÃ©cifiques.
Assessment of Perception and Perspective of Video Games on the Children: A Case Study of Tirana, Albania
Authors: Satka Ermelinda , Troka Pranvera
Published: May 2021

Internet is a communication tool used in entertainment worldwide. The Internet is no longer a novelty for children and young people, but a necessity for them. For many children, today the distinction between online and daily activities is becoming smaller. Gradually, the computer game industry has become a lucrative business, increasing its production every day. The recent technology, depending on â€œPlayStationâ€ slots, has begun to make significant impacts by creating a problem that needs to be addressed. On the other hand, there is little evidence that shows how social professionals are responding to new child protection challenges while navigating online. This paper focuses on describing, identifying, and assessing the perception and perspective of children aged 7-14 who are involved in playing computer games at PlayStation centers in Tirana. The method used in the study is qualitative research, which is specifically a case study research. The main instrument for data collection is the semi-structured interview with 20 children who are users of video games at PlayStation centers in the New Tirana neighborhood. The data analysis showed that children has a high attendance and dependence on computer games at PlayStation centers, leading to children's positive perceptions and attitudes towards electronic games. Children's attitudes towards playgrounds indicate the importance of these games in entertainment, leisure time, communication, and relationships with peers. It is important that everyone - parents and caretakers, teachers, institutions and government structures - should work together to create a safe environment for children regardless of where they are; at home, at school, or in public places such as internet centers.
Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development: The Case of Social Enterprises in Azerbaijan
Authors: Aliyeva Nazila
Published: May 2021

The social entrepreneurship theory is still in the conceptualization phase, as each country has individual specifics and approaches to define social entrepreneurship initiatives. The main objective of this paper is to explore the characteristics and backgrounds of social entrepreneurship from Azerbaijanâ€™s perspective, especially its importance in achieving Sustainable Development Goals. To fulfill the objective, there are a few main research questions defined: How do local social entrepreneurs use both business acumen and philanthropic principles to address social, cultural, and environmental challenges? How can Social Entrepreneurship contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals in Azerbaijan?  A qualitative research method was used to gather data through a semi-structured questionnaire. It was found that local social enterprises change the structures and systems that create the conditions for poverty, and the development processes need to consider the link between social entrepreneurship and sustainable development. This paper has significant implications, especially for the stakeholders and policymakers. It indicates the current position of local social ventures about sustainable development and offers some global practices and experiences to improve and facilitate the process and attracts the attention of policymakers on the performance of social enterprises.
Ansiedad en Estudiantes del Nivel Medio Superior Universitario y Estrategias de Afrontamiento
Authors: Guajardo Espinoza JosÃ© MarÃ­a , Rivera Morales MarÃ­a Teresa , Solis Solis Alma Verena
Published: May 2021

Actualmente ha aumentado el interÃ©s de las personas por lograr el bienestar mental, esto debido a que ha ido en aumento los trastornos por depresiÃ³n y por ansiedad. En este estudio Ansiedad en estudiantes del nivel medio superior universitario y estrategias de afrontamiento, se describe el grado de ansiedad de los alumnos. Para lo cual se realizÃ³ un estudio de corte empÃ­rico con metodologÃ­a mixta, lo que indica que se exploran los datos estructurados en escala Likert y no estructurados con respuesta abierta. La poblaciÃ³n para este estudio estÃ¡ conformada por 1814 estudiantes inscritos en escuelas e institutos de la Universidad AutÃ³noma de Coahuila del nivel medio superior. Los resultados del estudio muestran que dos de cada 10 estudiantes indican tener un problema en algÃºn nivel de dificultad, el resto indica no tener retos que atender. Cerca de una quinta parte de los alumnos del nivel medio superior, presentan sÃ­ntomas ansiedad. Entre las conclusiones se encuentra que de acuerdo con la evidencia, el diagnÃ³stico de ansiedad depende del sexo del estudiante, presentando las mujeres mayor incidencia de ansiedad.
Presently, people's interest in achieving mental well-being has increased because depression and anxiety disorders have increased. This paper focuses on describing anxiety in high school students and coping strategies, as well as the degree to which students experience anxiety. An empirical study was carried out with mixed methodology, which indicates that structured data on a Likert scale and unstructured data with open response are explored. The study population comprised of 1814 students enrolled in schools and institutes of the Autonomous University of Coahuila of the upper secondary level. The results of the study show that 2 out of 10 students indicated that they have a problem at some level of difficulty, while the rest indicate that they have no challenges to address. About a fifth of the students of the upper secondary level showed anxiety symptoms. Based on evidence, the study concludes that the diagnosis of anxiety depends on the sex of the student, with women showing a higher occurrence of anxiety.
An Analysis of Youth Deradicalization Programs in Northeast Nigeria: A Study on Boko Haram
Authors: Salihu Mustapha
Published: May 2021

Using qualitative secondary analysis, the research examine the effects of Operation Safe Corridor (OSC), a home-grown prison-based deradicalization program targeted at low-risk Boko Haram combatants, and Yellow Ribbon Initiative, an education-based recivilization program designed for young adult women associated with Boko Haram. Together with pioneer countries like Saudi Arabia and Indonesia, the structural design and implementation of OSC remain shrouded in utmost secrecy. Even though it claims to have rehabilitated over 2,000 ex-Boko Haram combatants, there is no medium to independently ascertain these claims. Relatedly, the Yellow Ribbon Initiative also claimed to have successfully reintegrated thousands of women, with little to no means to validate their claims independently. Premised on the need to implement context-specific, inclusive and robust counterinsurgency programs, the research takes issues with both programs. Furthermore, the lack of accountability and transparency in the operations of both programs put to question their credibility and objectiveness. Alternatively, the research suggests the need for a paradigm shift from deradicalization to counter-radicalization, as this will put the government on the offensive side against radicalization. If targeted at volatile communities, counter-radicalization could be designed to address underlying causalities such as unequal education opportunities and poor social infrastructure, which will in turn foster a sense of belongingness in deprived and impoverished youths in the Northeast.
Kidnapped and Made Brides: Advancing Quantum Reparation for Sexual and Gender-based Victims in Conflict Zones
Authors: Adeniyi Olayinka Oluwakemi
Published: May 2021

Conflict is the friction resulting from incompatibilities among people. Conflict has become a common experience in many African countries today which has led to bloodshed, death, starvation, famine, and ravaged communities. In this scenario, women and children have always been the worst hit. The girl child, particularly, and women are sexually abused, raped, kidnapped, and sometimes converted to sex slaves or forced into marriages. Since 2009, Boko Haram, a group of notorious terrorists, has been operating in the Northern part of Nigeria. One major feature of the signage of the group is the abduction of girls and women whom they forced into sexual slavery and marriage. In the years following the onslaughts, many of these girls were returned based on negotiations with the Federal Government of Nigeria. Some of the girls were returned defiled, some with children, and some with pregnancies as evidences of their sex slavery experience in the hands of the insurgents and abductors. While the Boko Haram troopâ€™s attack is still an ongoing experience in Nigeria, little or nothing, however, is relayed about the issue of reparation for the girls and women returnees. Access to justice is one major factor that has not been provided for the victims. Using a desktop research, existing literature is reviewed in an analytical and comparative methodology, as available legal provisions are examined. It is suggested to the Nigerian government to involve the victims in the discourse of reparation and ensure their access to justice. This will ensure that quantum reparation is provided. The paper will be of immense importance to the Nigerian government, policymakers, civil organizations, human rights practitioners, the victims, as well as the citizenry. It will contribute in the way of education and policy making to the mentioned people.
Work Satisfaction and Affective Commitment Among State Prison Officers
Authors: Desa Nasina Mat , Hassan Asaari Muhammad Hasmi Abu , Al-Assad Senafi Mohd. Hafez
Published: May 2021

Job satisfaction and affective commitment have been discussed by the scholar in the field. Moreover, the issues about job satisfaction, namely the job environment, salary, colleagues, promotion, and supervision were also an issue among state prison officers about their affective commitment. Thus, the paper's objectives are to explore the relationship and understand the impact of the job satisfaction components toward affective commitment. Selfadministered questionnaires are distributed among 300 state prison officers. A total of 205 usable questionnaires are collected with a response rate of 68.3%. Reliability analysis is conducted before the analysis of the relationship and impact between variables. Furthermore, a new research framework is discovered. The study discovered the work environment, salary, and supervision as components of job satisfaction have an impact on state prison officers' affective commitment. Unfortunately, state prison officers state that colleagues of job satisfaction have no significant impact on their affective commitment.
Potential Role of Lactoferrin and Heparin in COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Hoxha Bianka , Hodaj Arvjola
Published: May 2021

Aim: The aim of the research is to evidence the potential role of lactoferrin (LF) and heparin in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Moreover, we discuss and underline the mechanisms involved in this possible association. Methods: PubMed and Scopus databases were used to conduct the literature search. Findings and Conclusion: Studies have widely proven the principal activity of LF, in the inflammatory process, as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory glycoprotein. Evidence shows that LF has important antibacterial and antiviral effects against human and animal pathogens. Heparin and LF could reduce viral entry by preventing the attachment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a result of competitive binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Clinical studies are necessary to specify LF and heparin mechanisms of action and the therapeutical dose in patient affected with COVID-19.
Une hyperÃ©osinophilie rÃ©vÃ©latrice dâ€™un Syndrome de CHURG et STRAUSS
Authors: Jean-Mermoze Djaha Kouassi , Mariam GbanÃ© , Mariano Hounsounou , Muriel Michozounou , KawÃ©lÃ© Coulibaly Abidou , Mohamed DiomandÃ© , Baly Ouattara , Edmond Eti
Published: May 2021

Le syndrome de Churg et Strauss est une vascularite nÃ©crosante et granulomateuse systÃ©mique des petits et moyens vaisseaux. Nous rapportons un cas de syndrome de Churg et Strauss rÃ©vÃ©lÃ© par un asthme fÃ©brile, une polyarthralgie et une hyperÃ©osinophilie dans un contexte dâ€™altÃ©ration de lâ€™Ã©tat gÃ©nÃ©ral. La recherche dâ€™ANCA au bilan immunologique Ã©tait nÃ©gative. La biopsie cutanÃ©e nâ€™a pas montrÃ© de granulome extravasculaire. Lâ€™Ã©volution Ã©tait favorable sous traitement.
 
Churg-Strauss syndrome is a systemic necrotizing and granulomatous vasculitis of the small and medium vessels. We report a case of Churg-Strauss syndrome revealed by febrile asthma, polyarthralgia and eosinophilia in a context of deterioration of general condition. The ANCA research for immunologic balance sheets was negative. Skin biopsy did not show extravascular granuloma. The evolution was favorable under treatment.
Pesticides Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment for Surface Waters in the Cotton Growing Area Around the Balaâ€™s Hippopotamus Pond Biosphere Using PIRI Method
Authors: Bayili Bazoma , Ouedraogo Richard , Sidibe Hassane , Ilboudo Sylvain , Ouedraogo Georges Anicet
Published: May 2021

Pesticides residues are frequently found in the environment far from the original point of their application. Besides the desired effects of pest control, non-target organisms, soil and water are contaminated by the pesticides. This paper presents results on the impact of these xenobiotics used in cotton cultivation on River "Wolo" environment in Burkina Faso by using the Pesticide Impact Rating Index (PIRI) software package. The assessment was based on the assumption of three scenarios taking into account the organic matter content of the soil and the presence of a buffer zone. Pesticides properties and use data, and data on the physical environment, were also used. Considering the worst case (scenario 2), diuron, haloxyfop-R-methyl, glyphosate and nicosulfuron were the most mobile. Diuron was classified as the most toxic pesticide to Scenedesmus quadricauda. Toxicity to Daphnia magna was extremely high with chlorpyrifos ethyl, very high with betacyfluthrin, deltamethrin, lamda-cyalothrin and high with flubendiamide. For Oncorhynchus mykiss, it was beta-cyfluthrin, deltamethrin and lamdacyhalothrin that caused a very high risk and chlorpyrifos ethyl and indoxacarb a high risk. For all pesticides, the risks are reduced overall depending on the width of the buffer zone and the organic matter content of the soil. The use of a pesticide in a given location must take into account its ecotoxicological impact on the surrounding ecosystem. Tools such as PIRI, could be used for the selection of pesticides to be used. Also, environmental parameters such as buffer zone and organic matter content should be used by farmers to limit the mobility of pesticides to water.
Trends in the Collaboration Pattern of Moroccan Research in Earth Sciences from 1984 to 2019: A Case Study
Authors: Medina Fida
Published: May 2021

The output of the Moroccan researchers in Earth sciences and their collaboration trends were studied for the period 1984-2019 using the example of the Journal of African Earth Sciences, the preferred journal of this community, and by using simple bibliometric indicators such as collaboration rate and collaboration level. The main results of the study are: (1) Moroccan researchers participated in 253 articles among which, only 12 were singleauthor papers. Multi-authorship is the rule with a mode of 4 authors per paper for 45 articles; (2) the number of authors reached 1251 in all papers. When only international collaboration is considered, 1051 authors are found, from which about 48% are from Morocco and 52% belong to other 31 countries; (3) International collaboration, which was exclusively with French researchers and institutions until the 1990s, grew in number but declined in share to 33- 42% in the last 15 years, while collaboration with other countries became more important because of the internationalization of research programs.
Caracterisation des Agrosystemes de la Commune de Gogounou au Nord-Est du Benin par Teledetection a Moyenne Resolution Spatiale
Authors: Kindjinou AndrÃ© , Koumassi HervÃ© , Etene Cyr Gervais , Yabi IbouraÃ¯ma , Imorou IsmaÃ¯la Toko
Published: May 2021

La tÃ©lÃ©dÃ©tection se prÃ©sente de plus en plus comme un outil prÃ©cieux dâ€™analyse des agrosystÃ¨mes en complÃ©ment des approches traditionnellement utilisÃ©es. La prÃ©sente Ã©tude vise Ã  caractÃ©riser les agrosystÃ¨mes de la commune de Gogounou Ã  partir des donnÃ©es de tÃ©lÃ©dÃ©tection. La mÃ©thodologie dÃ©veloppÃ©e a consistÃ© Ã  lâ€™utilisation des sÃ©ries temporelles dâ€™images SPOT6 et SPOT7 (6 m de rÃ©solution spatiale) acquises sur la commune de Gogounou et des donnÃ©es secondaires issues de la base de donnÃ©es du projet OSFACO et des points GPS de 85 exploitations agricoles rÃ©parties dans la commune de Gogounou. La cartographie du domaine cultivÃ© a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©e Ã  partir dâ€™indices spectraux dÃ©rivÃ©s des images SPOT. Trois types de systÃ¨mes agricoles ont Ã©tÃ© dÃ©terminÃ©s : les cultures vivriÃ¨res (maÃ¯s, mil, sorgho) reprÃ©sentant 66 % des zones agricoles, la culture de rente (coton) pour 13 % du secteur et les cultures mixtes (mÃ©lange de sorgho, de mil et de coton) reprÃ©sentant 21 %. Les rÃ©sultats de cette Ã©tude permettent de dÃ©gager de nouvelles pistes de couplage de tÃ©lÃ©dÃ©tection et donnÃ©es de terrain en apportant une information continue dans le temps sur la caractÃ©risation des agrosystÃ¨mes au BÃ©nin.
 
Remote sensing is increasingly presented as a valuable tool for analyzing agrosystems, in addition to the approaches traditionally used. The present study aims to characterize the agrosystems of the commune of Gogounou from remote sensing data. The methodology developed consisted in using the time series of SPOT6 and SPOT7 images (6 m spatial resolution) acquired in the town of Gogounou and secondary data made up of the OSFACO project database and GPS points of 85 farms spread throughout the area. Mapping of the cultivated area was carried out using spectral indices derived from SPOT images. Three types of agricultural systems were identified: food crops (maize, millet, sorghum) representing 66% of agricultural areas, cash crops (cotton) for 13% of the sector and mixed crops (mixture of sorghum, millet and cotton) representing 21%. The results of this study make it possible to identify new avenues for coupling remote sensing and field data by providing continuous information over time on the characterization of agrosystems in Benin.
Prise en Charge de la Grossesse Extra-UtÃ©rine en Situation dâ€™Urgence : ExpÃ©rience dâ€™un HÃ´pital Confessionnel en Zone Rurale au Togo
Authors: Koutora BirÃ©ga , Sakiye Kodjo Abossisso , Guinhouya DÃ©ladem Yaovi , Agbogawo Mibirim , Kanassoua Kokou Kouliwa
Published: May 2021

Introduction : La grossesse extra-utÃ©rine (GEU) est responsable dâ€™une mortalitÃ© Ã©vitable. Le but de cette Ã©tude est de dÃ©crire la dÃ©marche diagnostique et thÃ©rapeutique de cette affection en zone rurale. MÃ©thodologie : Il sâ€™est agi dâ€™une Ã©tude transversale descriptive menÃ©e Ã  lâ€™HÃ´pital de lâ€™Ordre de Malte dâ€™Elavagnon, et incluant les patientes prises en charge pour GEU du 1er DÃ©cembre 2019 au 31 DÃ©cembre 2020. RÃ©sultats : Vingt-et-huit cas ont Ã©tÃ© enregistrÃ©s avec un Ã¢ge moyen de 27,7 Â± 5,4 ans. Il sâ€™agissait dâ€™une GEU rompue dans tous les cas. Le diagnostic Ã©tait essentiellement basÃ© sur la clinique et le test de grossesse. Le traitement Ã©tait chirurgical radical dans tous les cas. Le produit sanguin le plus utilisÃ© Ã©tait le sang total. Le pronostic Ã©tait bon dans tous les cas. Conclusion : Le diagnostic de la GEU est essentiellement clinique et le traitement chirurgical en zone rurale.
 
Introduction : Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is responsible for preventable mortality. The aim of this study is to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of this disease in rural zone. Methodology : Transversal study including patients treated for EP at Elavagnon Â« Ordre de Malte Â» Hospital, from 1st December 2019 to 31st December 2020. Results : Twenty-eight cases were registered with an average age of 27.7 Â± 5.4 years old. The EP was ruptured in all cases. The diagnosis was mainly based on clinic and the pregnancy test. The treatment was radical surgery in all cases. The most used blood product was whole blood. The prognosis was good in all cases. Conclusion : EP diagnosis is mainly clinic and the treatment surgical in rural zone.
Comparison of Laser Fluorescence and Digital Radiograph with International Caries Detection and Assessment System in Primary Teeth (In-vivo study)
Authors: Kassab Rana , Elsaad Nayer Abo , Badr Shiern
Published: May 2021

Background: There has been an increased incidence of dental caries in children due to recent changes in lifestyle. More sensitive and reproducible diagnostic tools for precise caries detection in children are needed because of the complex occlusal anatomy. Aim: To compare the clinical performance and accuracy of international caries detection and assessment system-II (ICDAS II) versus DIAGNOdent pen and digital bitewing radiograph in the detection of occlusal caries in the primary teeth. Materials and Methods: Fifty children aged 6-11 years were assessed of both gender (29 girls and 21 boys) and 377 occlusal surface of primary teeth were examined by visual ICDAS II, DIAGNOdent pen and digital bitewing radiographic examination at D0 (non caries lesions), D1 (lesions limited to enamel) and D2 (lesions limited to dentin) thresholds. Results: Sensitivity at D0 for ICADS II was 14.23% and 95.95% for DIAGNOdent pen and 87.85% for digital bitewing, radiographs while specificity for both ICADS II and bitewing radiographs were 99.23% but 73.85% for DIAGNOdent pen. At D1, threshold sensitivity of ICADS II and digital bitewing radiographs were higher than DIAGNOdent pen but specificity for bitewing radiographs and DIAGNOdent pen 90.69% - 87.99%. were highly significant than ICADS II At D2, threshold specificity for all diagnostic methods was almost similar with better sensitivity for ICADS II and digital bitewing radiographs. Conclusion: This study showed that ICDAS II, Diagnodent pen, and bitewing radiography are effective for the detection of occlusal caries for primary molars. Digital bitewing radiography correlated stronger with ICDASII than Diagnodent pen and proved to be the best method to detect occlusal lesions within the dentin in primary molars while Diagnodent pen and bitewing radiography are better for detecting enamel caries lesion. In addition, the clinical performance of three diagnostic methods was insufficient to detect occlusal caries lesions separately. Consequently, it is advisable to use a combination of diagnostic methods, especially in unclear cases, as well as in cases of initial lesions and their monitoring.