bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on the Mechanics Characteristics of CFRP Strengthening of Highway Tunnels at Different Damage States
Authors: Liu Xuezeng , Sang Yunlong , Ding Shuang , You Guiliang , Zhu Wenxuan , Zhou Ruoyang , Wei Qiang , Jiang Liang
Published: December 2020

Cracks and other diseases may occur in the long-term operation of highway tunnels and reduce the structural load-carrying capacity. Strengthening using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets and other materials could extend the service time of the tunnels. However, the process of strengthening tunnels is remarkably different from the process of strengthening aboveground structures because of the secondary load. In order to understand the development of stress and deformation of strengthened tunnels under secondary load, a 1 : 10 scaled model was tested to simulate the tunnel strengthened with CFRP under different damage states. The test results show that CFRP strengthening improved the stiffness of the structure and inhibited the propagation of the existing cracks. The peeling of the CFRP sheets made the strengthened structure quickly lose its load-carrying capacity, causing the instability of the structure. The failure loads of the structures strengthened at different damage states were essentially the same, with an average value of 184% of the original failure load. Nevertheless, the early strengthening helped control the structural deformation. The test results also demonstrate that the bonding strength between the CFRP and the lining is essential for strengthening effectiveness. This study provides a theoretical basis for similar engineering reinforcement designs.
Motion of the Infinitesimal Variable Mass in the Generalized Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem under the Effect of Asteroids Belt
Authors: Bouaziz-Kellil Ferdaous
Published: December 2020

The present paper deals with the study of the motion’s properties of the infinitesimal variable mass body moving in the same orbital plan as two massive bodies (considered as primaries). It is assumed that the massive bodies have radiating effects, have oblate shapes, and are moving in circular orbits around their common center of mass. Using the procedures established by Singh and Abouelmagd, we determined the equations of motion of the infinitesimal body for which we assumed that under the effects of radiation and oblateness of the primaries, its mass varies following Jean’s law. We evaluated analytically and numerically the locations of equilibrium points and examined the stability of these equilibrium points. Finally, we found that all the points are unstable.
Measuring the Ocular Morphological Parameters of Guinea Pig Eye with Edge Detection and Curve Fitting
Authors: Di Yue , Huang Ying , Yang Ya-jing , Zhou Xing-Tao , Luo Wen-ting , Ye Hai-yun , Qiao Zhong-bao , Lu Na , Qiao Tong
Published: December 2020

Aim. To identify the guinea pig eyeball with edge detection and curve fitting and devise a noncontact technology of measuring ocular morphological parameters of small experimental animal. Methods. Thirty-nine eyeballs of guinea pig eyeballs were photographed to obtain the anterior and posterior surface; transverse and sagittal planes after the eyeballs were eviscerated. Next, the eyeball photos were input into digital image analysis software; the corresponding photo pixels-actual length ratio was acquired by a proportional scale. The contour lines of the eyeballs were identified by edge detection technology; conic curve fitting was applied to fit the contour line of the eyeball. The maximum and minimum diameters, the horizontal and vertical diameters, eccentricity, tilt angle, cross-sectional area, equatorial circumference, retrobulbar equatorial maximum length, corneal radius of curvature (CRC) in central region, and the whole cornea were calculated according to the geometric principles. The corneal data of in vitro study were compared with the in vivo results. Results. The contour line of the selected guinea pig eye was identified correctly by edge detection. There were no significant differences between anterior and posterior surfaces of one eyeball in the maximum diameters, eccentricity, cross-sectional area, equatorial circumference, and tilt angle (

P
>
0.01

). There were significant differences of eccentricity and CRC between central region and the whole cornea (

P
<
0.01

). There were no significant differences between keratometer in vivo and cornea in vitro. Conclusion. It was feasible to measure an experimental animal eye in a noncontact way. Edge detection and curve fitting technology could accurately evaluate the ocular morphological parameters.
Differences in Electromyographic Activities and Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters between General and Developed Insoles with a Toe‐Grip Bar
Authors: Abiko Teppei , Murata Shin , Kai Yoshihiro , Nakano Hideki , Matsuo Dai , Kawaguchi Michio
Published: December 2020

The present study was aimed at comparing the muscle activities and gait parameters between the toe‐grip bar insoles and general insoles during walking using randomized crossover design. Twelve healthy men participated in this study. Temporal and spatial gait parameters and electromyography (EMG) results were concurrently collected while the subjects walked along an 8 m walkway with the developed and general insoles. Developed insoles provide a three‐dimensional mesh structure at the toe portion and a convex bulging structure (toe‐grip bar) near the center of the proximal phalanx of the first to fifth toe. The linear mixed model was used to estimate the toe‐grip bar insole effect. The results showed that there were no sequence or period effects for any of the examined parameters. During the stance phase, those wearing the developed insoles had significantly higher %IEMG for the TA, GM, and GL than those wearing the general insoles (TA: 5.03%IEMG, p = 0.005; GM: 4.65%IEMG, p = 0.046; and GL: 6.50%IEMG, p = 0.008). During the swing phase, those wearing the developed insoles had significantly higher activity for only the TA compared to those wearing the general insoles (5.54%IEMG, p = 0.011). With respect to gait parameters, those wearing the developed insoles had greater step length (2.81 cm, p = 0.038), longer stance time (0.03 s, p = 0.001), and shorter swing time (−0.02 s, p = 0.003) compared to those wearing the general insoles. The results suggest that walking with toe‐grip bar insoles contributes to increased crural muscle activity and step length.
Experimental Investigation of a Direct Evaporative Cooling System for Year-Round Thermal Management with Solar-Assisted Dryer
Authors: Abaranji Sujatha , Panchabikesan Karthik , Ramalingam Velraj
Published: December 2020

Building cooling is achieved by the extensive use of air conditioners. These mechanically driven devices provide thermal comfort by deteriorating the environment with increased energy consumption. To alleviate environmental degradation, the need for energy-efficient and eco-friendly systems for building cooling becomes essential. Evaporative cooling, a typical passive cooling technique, could meet the energy demand and global climatic issues. In conventional direct evaporative cooling, the sensible cooling of air is achieved by continuous water circulation over the cooling pad. Despite its simple operation, the problem of the pad material and water stagnation in the sump limits its usage. Moreover, the continuous pump operation increases the electrical energy consumption. In the present work, a porous material is used as the water storage medium eliminating the pump and sump. An experimental investigation is performed on the developed setup, and experiments are conducted for three different RH conditions (low, medium, and high) to assess the porous material’s ability as a cooling medium. Cooling capacity, effectiveness, and water evaporation rate are determined to evaluate the direct evaporative cooling system’s performance. The material that replaces the pump and sump is vermicompost due to its excellent water retention characteristics. There is no necessity to change material each time. However, the vermicompost is regenerated at the end of the experiment using a solar dryer. The passing of hot air over the vermicompost also avoids mould spores’ transmission, if any, present through the air. The results show that vermicompost produces an average temperature drop of 9.5°C during low RH conditions. Besides, vermicompost helps with the energy savings of 21.7% by eliminating the pump. Hence, vermicompost could be an alternate energy-efficient material to replace the pad-pump-sump of the conventional evaporative cooling system. Further, if this direct evaporative cooling system is integrated with solar-assisted drying of vermicompost, it is possible to provide a clean and sustainable indoor environment. This system could pave the way for year-round thermal management of building cooling applications with environmental safety.
Three‐Dimensional‐Printed Guiding Template for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Gu Fei , Li Liangliang , Zhang Huikang , Li Xuxiang , Ling Chen , Wang Liming , Yao Qingqiang
Published: December 2020

Background. For unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), accurate alignment of the limb is crucial. This study is aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of a three‐dimensional printed patient‐customized guiding template (3DGT) for UKA. Methods. A total of 22 patients receiving UKA were randomly divided into the 3DGT‐UKA group (n = 11) and traditional UKA group (T‐UKA group; n = 11). In the 3DGT‐UKA group, the line and angle of osteotomy were decided on a 3D image of the limb reconstructed from imaging data; a guiding template was then designed and printed out. The patients in the T‐UKA group underwent conventional UKA. Prosthesis size, operation time, postoperative drainage, hip–knee angle (HKA), pain, and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores were recorded at day 1, week 1, month 1, and month 3 after surgery. Results. There was no significant difference in the size of prostheses between the preoperatively designed and actually used in the 3DGT‐UKA group (p > 0.05). HKA was comparable in 3DGT‐UKA and T‐UKA patients. Operation time was shorter (53.6 ± 6.4 minutes vs. 75.8 ± 7.1 minutes) and wound drainage was less (93.2 ± 3.9 mL vs. 85.2 ± 3.0 mL) in 3DGT‐UKA than in T‐UKA (p < 0.05). Hospital stay was shorter in the 3DGT‐UKA group. The 3DGT‐UKA group had a lower VAS score on day 1, week 1, and month 1 and a higher HSS score on week 1 and month 1 after surgery. No varus/valgus deformity or prosthesis loosening was observed in either group at the final follow‐up. Conclusion. The 3D‐printed patient‐customized guiding template may help decrease operation time, decrease blood loss, and improve short‐term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing UKA surgery.
Effect of Chinese Medicine Xinmaitong on Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Zhang Bin , Li Dong , Liu Gexiu , Tan Wenfeng , Guo Jun , Zhang Gaoxing
Published: December 2020

Objective. To investigate the effect of traditional Chinese antihypertensive compound Xinmaitong on blood pressure and vasoactive factors of vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vasodilator calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with early stage hypertension. Methods. Twenty male SHRs were randomly divided into two groups: 10 for hypertensive control group and 10 for hypertensive treatment group. In addition, 10 Wistar rats were used as the normal control group without any intervention. SHRs of hypertensive treatment group were orally treated with Xinmaitong, while the hypertensive control group was treated with the normal saline (NS) for a total of eight weeks. The blood pressure in SHRs was examined before and after the end of the eight-week study. After treatment, the rats were killed and the blood samples were collected to measure plasma levels of ET-1 and CGRP by ELISA method, respectively. Meanwhile, the aorta rings were isolated for measuring the mRNA expression of ET-1 and CGRP by PCR. Moreover, the protein levels of ET-1 and CGRP were studied by immunohistochemical. Results. Daily oral administration of Xinmaitong resulted in significant fall in the SHRs’ blood pressure, including systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), and pulse pressure (PP). The plasma ET-1 levels were reduced and CGRP increased. In parallel, the mRNA and protein expression of ET-1 were decreased, whereas the mRNA and protein expression of CGRP were enhanced in SHRs treated with Xinmaitong. Conclusion. The present study demonstrated for the first time that Xinmaitong leads to the fall in blood pressure of SHRs and that this antihypertensive effect is, at least in part, due to improvement of arterial tone.
Systemic Immune‐Inflammation Index Is Superior to Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Prognostic Assessment of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Jiang Cong , Lu Yubo , Zhang Shiyuan , Huang Yuanxi
Published: December 2020

Background and Methods. As a parameter integrating neutrophil (N), lymphocyte (L), and platelet (P) levels, altered systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) has been investigated in a number of malignant tumor types. Here, we explore the impact of SII in a cohort of 249 breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), investigating the prognostic value of SII, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR). All patients had complete follow‐up data and pathological confirmation of breast cancer by a core needle biopsy prior to NAC treatment and surgery. All blood samples were obtained within one week prior to NAC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal cut‐off value for patient classification by SII, NLR, and PLR. Associations between clinicopathological variables by SII, NLR, and PLR were determined by a chi‐squared test or Fisher’s exact test. Overall survival (OS) analysis was performed using Kaplan‐Meier plots, log‐rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression models. The Z test is used to compare the prognostic ability of SII, NLR, and PLR. Results. SII, NLR, and PLR did not define patient groups with distinct clinicopathological characteristics. SII, NLR, and PLR cut‐off values were 547, 2.13, and 88.23, as determined by ROC analysis; the corresponding areas under the curve (AUCs) were 0.625, 0.555, and 0.571, respectively. Cox regression models identified SII as independently associated with OS. Patients with low SII had prolonged OS (65 vs. 41 months, P = 0.017, HR: 3.24, 95% CI: 1.23‐8.55). In the Z test, the difference in AUC between SII and NLR was statistically significant (Z = 2.721, 95% CI: 0.0194‐0.119, P = 0.0065). Conclusion. Our study suggests that the pretreatment SII value is significantly correlated with OS in breast cancer patients undergoing NAC and that the prognostic utility of SII is superior to that of NLR and PLR.
Hyperbranched Cationic Glycogen Derivative‐Mediated IκBα Gene Silencing Regulates the Uveoscleral Outflow Pathway in Rats
Authors: Zeng Rui , Li Jinmiao , Gong Haijun , Luo Jiahao , Li Zijing , Ou Zhaoxing , Zhang Si , Yang Liqun , Lan Yuqing
Published: December 2020

The role of the IκB/NF‐κB signaling pathway in the uveoscleral outflow pathway was investigated with IκBα gene silencing mediated by the 3‐(dimethylamino)‐1‐propylamine‐conjugated glycogen (DMAPA‐Glyp) derivative. The IκBα‐siRNA‐loaded DMAPA‐Glyp complex was transfected into the ciliary muscles of rats by intracameral injection (labeled as the DMAPA‐Glyp+siRNA group). The Lipofectamine™ 2000 (Lipo)/siRNA complex and the naked siRNA were set as the controls. The mRNA and protein expression of IκBα, NF‐κBp65, and MMP‐2 were analyzed by real‐time PCR, western blotting, and in situ gelatin zymography. Nuclear translocation of NF‐κBp65 was analyzed by immunofluorescence. Rat intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored pre‐ and postinjection. Gene transfection efficiency and toxicity of the DMAPA‐Glyp derivative were also evaluated. After RNA interference (RNAi), IκBα mRNA and protein expression were significantly inhibited. NF‐κBp65 mRNA and protein expression showed no significant differences. Nevertheless, nuclear translocation of NF‐κBp65 occurred in the DMAPA‐Glyp+siRNA group. Both mRNA expression and activity of MMP‐2 increased, with the largest increase in the DMAPA‐Glyp+siRNA group. IOP in the DMAPA‐Glyp+siRNA group fell to the lowest level on day 3 after RNAi. The levels of Cy3‐siRNA in the ciliary muscle of the DMAPA‐Glyp+siRNA group did not significantly decrease over time. At 7 and 14 d after RNAi, no significant pathological damage was detectable in the eyes injected with the DMAPA‐Glyp derivative or the DMAPA‐Glyp/siRNA complex. Taken together, our results suggest that downregulation of IκBα expression in the ciliary muscle plays a crucial role in reducing the IOP values of rats. IκBα may become a new molecular target for lowering IOP in glaucoma. The DMAPA‐Glyp derivative is safe and feasible as an effective siRNA vector in rat eyes.
Applying Software Metrics to RNN for Early Reliability Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhang Jie , Shi Ke , Wang Hui
Published: December 2020

Structural modeling is an important branch of software reliability modeling. It works in the early reliability engineering to optimize the architecture design and guide the later testing. Compared with traditional models using test data, structural models are often difficult to be applied due to lack of actual data. A software metrics-based method is presented here for empirical studies. The recurrent neural network (RNN) is used to process the metric data to identify defeat-prone code blocks, and a specified aggregation scheme is used to calculate the module reliability. Based on this, a framework is proposed to evaluate overall reliability for actual projects, in which algebraic tools are introduced to build the structural reliability model automatically and accurately. Studies in two open-source projects show that early evaluation results based on this framework are effective and the related methods have good applicability.
An Unusual Case of Solitary Osteochondroma of the Iliac Wing
Authors: Thomas Christopher , Sanderson Brent , Horvath Dennis G. , Mouselli Michael , Hobbs Janet
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Osteochondromas represent one of the most common bone tumors accounting for 8% of all bone tumors. While most osteochondromas arise in the metaphysis of long bones, osteochondromas have been reported in atypical locations such as the scapula, metatarsals, and the pelvic region. Osteochondromas are capable of growing large enough to cause mass effects and can undergo malignant transformation, stressing the clinical importance of recognizing these tumors. Case Presentation. In this case, we present an 18-year-old skeletally mature Caucasian male with a symptomatic osteochondroma arising from the iliac wing. The osteochondroma increased in size since he reached skeletal maturity. This resulted in a mass effect that interfered with activities of daily living, including clothing wear and symptomatic impaction on hard surfaces. Conclusion. The majority of osteochondromas arise from the metaphysis of long bones, but case reports have shown that osteochondromas presenting in atypical locations such as the pelvis do occur. In the case of our patient, his asymptomatic pelvic tumor grew to the extent that it was causing interference with activities of daily living. Surgical excision of his tumor proved to be curative, and there was no recurrence at 6 months after excision. Osteochondromas in this region are capable of growing large enough to cause sexual dysfunction. Clinical suspicion must be high to properly diagnose osteochondromas in atypical locations. All providers, particularly those in primary care, should be aware of these locations as patients with symptomatic mass lesions will likely initially present here.
A Prediction Method of Wear for Volute Casing of a Centrifugal Slurry Pump
Authors: Shi Baocheng , Pan Jianpeng , Wu Lijuan , Zhang Xingkai , Qiu Yijie , Zhang Yindi
Published: December 2020

Volute wall wear situations directly affect a long time safe operation for the centrifugal slurry pump unit and the whole system. In the present study, internal flow field is numerically investigated in a solid-liquid centrifugal pump, and the volute wall wear caused by the solid-liquid two-phase flow is predicted with wear equation. A systematic analysis on the wear mechanism of the centrifugal pump volute wall is carried out deeply, including the volute wall wear region, wear rate, and the relationship among inlet flow rate, particle concentration, and particle size. The predicted high erosion intensity area shows good agreement with the experimental erosion area, and the predicted and experimental areas are both located at the volute angle of 180° and near tongue. Therefore, the wear equation put forward in the present study is effective for estimating the erosion intensity and predicting the erosion area around the volute casing of a centrifugal pump.
Determination of the Installation Time of Secondary Liner during Excavation of Large Cross‐Section Double‐Arch Tunnels
Authors: Cai Jie
Published: December 2020

Double‐arch tunnel construction involves in high risk due to its large span and special structural shape. In order to explore the proper installation time for the secondary liner during the excavation of large cross‐sectional double‐arch tunnels supported by three layers of the liner, this paper optimizes the distribution of the stress release ratio based on the analysis of surrounding rock deformation and structural stress. Proper installation time for the secondary liner is determined according to the optimization results and regressive analysis of monitoring data of initial support crown settlement. The results show that the reasonable distribution of stress release ratio is 30% during tunnel excavation, 30% after initial support installation, and 40% after secondary liner installation. After installing the initial support, the total crown settlement at three monitored sections is 51.5, 52.0, and 49.8 mm, respectively. When the initial support crown settlement reaches 65–75% of the final value, the secondary liner should be installed, and the crown settlement is 14.4–19.5 mm, 15.3–20.5 mm, and 14.4–19.4 mm, respectively, at three monitored sections. Findings from this paper can provide reference for design and construction of similar projects.
Phenolic Compounds from Polygonum chinense Induce Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis of Cervical Cancer SiHa Cells
Authors: Chen Wei , Shen XianMin , Ma Li , Chen Rong , Yuan Qin , Zheng YunFeng , Li CunYu , Peng GuoPing
Published: December 2020

Cervical cancer is considered to be one of the most serious malignant tumors in women. Natural compounds have been considered as important sources in the search for new anticancer agents. Polygonum chinense (PC) has been used as herbal medicine and Chinese cool tea. By activity‐guided of the extracts from PC, PCwater shows good growth inhibition on SiHa cell, then by chromatographic analysis (HPLC and HPLC‐MS/MS), we found twelve components, seven were phenolic compounds (PHE), two PHE named ellagic acid and corilagin were found to show strong growth inhibition effects in SiHa cell dose‐dependently, while the seven phenolic compounds showed low inhibition on the common human HcerEpic cell. Further research found ellagic acid and corilagin induced G2 phase cell cycle arrest by upregulating levels of P53, Bcl‐2, caspase 3, and caspase 9, while the Bax was reduced. These results suggested that PHE from PC might have potential anticancer effects against SiHa cells by acting through the apoptosis pathway, PHE from PC might have the potential to be used as a nutraceutical for the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer.
Acute Effects of Two Different Species of Amyloid-β on Oscillatory Activity and Synaptic Plasticity in the Commissural CA3-CA1 Circuit of the Hippocampus
Authors: Gauthier-Umaña Cécile , Muñoz-Cabrera Jonathan , Valderrama Mario , Múnera Alejandro , Nava-Mesa Mauricio O.
Published: December 2020

Recent evidence indicates that soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) species induce imbalances in excitatory and inhibitory transmission, resulting in neural network functional impairment and cognitive deficits during early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To evaluate the in vivo effects of two soluble Aβ species (Aβ25-35 and Aβ1-40) on commissural CA3-to-CA1 (cCA3-to-CA1) synaptic transmission and plasticity, and CA1 oscillatory activity, we used acute intrahippocampal microinjections in adult anaesthetized male Wistar rats. Soluble Aβ microinjection increased cCA3-to-CA1 synaptic variability without significant changes in synaptic efficiency. High-frequency CA3 stimulation was rendered inefficient by soluble Aβ intrahippocampal injection to induce long-term potentiation and to enhance synaptic variability in CA1, contrasting with what was observed in vehicle-injected subjects. Although soluble Aβ microinjection significantly increased the relative power of γ-band and ripple oscillations and significantly shifted the average vector of θ-to-γ phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) in CA1, it prevented θ-to-γ PAC shift induced by high-frequency CA3 stimulation, opposite to what was observed in vehicle-injected animals. These results provide further evidence that soluble Aβ species induce synaptic dysfunction causing abnormal synaptic variability, impaired long-term plasticity, and deviant oscillatory activity, leading to network activity derailment in the hippocampus.
A Successful Medical Treatment of Necrotizing Pneumonia in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Uinarni Herlina , Nike Felicia , Bahagia Andi Dwi
Published: December 2020

Necrotizing pneumonia is a rare, serious complication of pneumonia in children. We present a case of a 20-month-old girl presenting with respiratory distress which later be diagnosed with necrotizing pneumonia. In this paper, we highlight the role of imaging such as chest X-ray, chest CT, and lung ultrasonography for diagnosis and the importance of intravenous antibiotic therapy for better outcome.
Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm for Service Resource Allocation
Authors: Jiang Wei , Fang Xi , Ding Jianmei
Published: December 2020

With respect to the cluster problem of the evaluation information of mass customers in service management, a cluster algorithm of new Gaussian kernel FCM (fuzzy C-means) is proposed based on the idea of FCM. First, the paper defines a Euclidean distance formula between two data points and makes them cluster adaptively based on the distance classification approach and nearest neighbors in deleting relative data. Second, the defects of the FCM algorithm are analyzed, and a solution algorithm is designed based on the dual goals of obtaining a short distance between whole classes and long distances between different classes. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the results compared with the existing FCM algorithm.
Turismo, Lazer e Megaeventos Esportivos no Brasil: relato de experiências sobre as Olimpíadas 2016
Authors: Uvinha Ricardo Ricci
Published: December 2020

Muito para além do esporte, estima-se que os megaeventos esportivos no período 2007-2016 tenham trazido ao Brasil um inegável impacto em termos de legado para diversos setores, entre eles o de turismo, lazer e hospitalidade. Tem-se como objetivo no presente texto realizar um relato de experiências durante as Olimpíadas Rio 2016. O período compreendido de análise é o de realização do megaevento esportivo: 5 a 21 de agosto de 2016. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória de âmbito qualitativo, viabilizada por uma observação participante, com a inserção do pesquisador na realidade em que se deram os fatos, no caso a cidade do Rio de Janeiro e também a de São Paulo, que foi uma das cidades do futebol. Tal inserção permitiu confrontar a realidade dos fatos com uma série de postulados teóricos e hipóteses formuladas anteriormente aos Jogos Olímpicos, servindo de excelente exercício para compreender a complexidade na realização deste megaevento esportivo.
Internações por intoxicações medicamentosas em crianças menores de cinco anos no estado de Minas Gerais/Brasil, 2009 – 2018
Authors: Bego Brendali Sorgon , Pereira Mariana Linhares , Nogueira Leilismara Sousa
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: descrever as internações hospitalares no estado de Minas Gerais devido às intoxicações medicamentosas, em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade, entre os anos de 2009 e 2018. Métodos: estudo descritivo-analítico de levantamento, com dados do Sistema de Internações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS); os diagnósticos foram extraídos conforme a 10ª Revisão da Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde (CID-10); os medicamentos envolvidos foram categorizados em classes terapêuticas segundo a Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) e os dados obtidos foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: foram identificadas 1.888 internações com 2358 diagnósticos de intoxicações e três óbitos; as classes terapêuticas mais frequentes foram fármacos não especificados (47,54%), antiepilépticos/sedativo-hipnóticos/antiparkinsonianos (14,72%); fármacos psicotrópicos (6,62%); antibióticos sistêmicos (4,88%); e analgésicos/antitérmicos não opiáceos (4,75%). Conclusão: dentre as classes terapêuticas identificadas, os medicamentos que atuam no Sistema Nervoso Central foram os principais agentes causadores de intoxicação medicamentosa. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para a análise das internações de todo o estado, uma vez que o SIH/SUS apenas contempla as internações subsidiadas pelo SUS.
Avaliação do controle da asma em universitários no sul do Brasil
Authors: Prieto Fernanda Barros , Menezes Ana Maria Baptista , Oliveira Paula Duarte de
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Mensurar o nível de controle da asma em estudantes com relato de chiado no peito no último ano através do Asthma Control Test (ACT). Método: Estudo transversal descritivo realizado com ingressantes na Universidade Federal de sexo feminino, em indivíduos com 24 anos ou mais, com a cor da pele parda, em um quarto Pelotas (UFPel) em 2017, incluindo 1.865 universitários com 18 anos ou mais.  Resultados: Cerca de 19% dos universitários apresentaram chiado no peito nos 12 meses que antecederam a entrevista. Destes, 14% apresentaram asma não controlada (ACT ≤18 pontos). A maior prevalência de asma não controlada foi observada no dos universitários pertencentes às classes D e E, e naqueles que não fumam e não consomem bebida alcoólica. Conclusão: Apesar de a população estudada ser composta por universitários, observou-se uma prevalência expressiva de asma não controlada.
Vitamin E deficiency and associated factors among Brazilian school children
Authors: Custódio Viviane Imaculada do Carmo , Nogueira-de-Almeida Carlos Alberto , Del Ciampo Luiz Antonio , Ued Fábio da Veiga , Almeida Ane Cristina Fayão , Custódio Rodrigo José , Jordão Alceu Afonso , Daneluzzi Júlio César , Ferraz Ivan Savioli
Published: December 2020

Objective: Brazilian national data show a significant deficiency in pediatric vitamin E consumption, but there are very few studies evaluating laboratory-proven nutritional deficiency. The present study aimed to settle the prevalence of vitamin E deficiency (VED) and factors associated among school-aged children attended at a primary health unit in Ribeirão Preto (SP).
Methods: A cross-sectional study that included 94 children between 6 and 11 years old. All subjects were submitted to vitamin E status analysis. To investigate the presence of factors associated with VED, socioeconomic and anthropometric evaluation, determination of serum hemoglobin and zinc levels, and parasitological stool exam were performed. The associations were performed using Fisher's exact test.
Results: VED (α-tocopherol concentrations <7 μmol/L) was observed in seven subjects (7.4%). None of them had zinc deficiency. Of the total of children, three (3.2%) were malnourished, 12 (12.7%) were anemic, and 11 (13.5%) presented some pathogenic intestinal parasite. These possible risk factors, in addition to maternal-work, maternal educational level, and monthly income, were not associated with VED.
Conclusions: The prevalence of VED among school-aged children attended at a primary health unit was low. Zinc deficiency, malnutrition, anemia, pathogenic intestinal parasite, maternal-work, maternal educational level, and monthly income were not a risk factor for VED.
Desafios da docência: reflexões a partir da vivência em um curso de graduação em medicina
Authors: Fonseca Graciela Soares , Barbato Paulo Roberto , Bagatini Margarete Dulce
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Os novos cursos de medicina demandam inovações pedagógicas e curriculares que intensificam os desafios da prática docente. Objetivo: O trabalho objetiva apresentar os desafios da docência em um curso de graduação em medicina, viabilizado pelo Programa Mais Médicos, a partir da narrativa de três professores. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência construído a partir de narrativas reflexivas redigidas livremente por cada um dos docentes, em momento único, no primeiro semestre de 2019. Elas foram sistematizadas e organizadas por um dos autores. Resultados: Dois dos docentes são graduados em odontologia, com pós-graduação na área de saúde coletiva, participando dos oito Componentes Curriculares Regulares (CCR) ligados à essa área. A terceira docente é farmacêutica, com pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas e compõe os componentes de Processos Biológicos III e IV e Temas Emergentes na Formação Médica 3. As narrativas revelam o quanto o cenário da educação médica é singular e gerador de desafios próprios. O modelo contra-hegemônico do referido curso de medicina gera insegurança para os atores envolvidos, sobretudo pela ausência de referencial comparativo. Além disso, a construção do curso demanda energia extra, visto que se parte do zero para organização de todas as demandas. O uso de metodologias ativas de aprendizagem constitui outro desafio, uma vez que os docentes foram formados sob a ótica do modelo tradicional. Outro aspecto apontado como desafiador pelos três docentes – chamando atenção para o fato de nenhum deles ser médico – é apresentar formação de graduação em outros cursos da área da saúde e o quanto isso causa incompreensões e resistências, manifestada por estudantes e colegas docentes. Por fim, no contexto atual de exercício da docência, o uso intenso de dispositivos tecnológicos foi apontado pelos docentes como um desafio, talvez o mais complexo deles já que seu uso é massivo e é complexo “competir” e organizar uma aula que seja atrativa a ponto de fazer com os estudantes se “desconectem” para se concentrar no que está sendo trabalhado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a docência em cursos de medicina, em especial naqueles orientados pelas novas DCN, apresenta desafios variados que precisam ser compreendidos e contornados para propiciar uma prática exitosa.
Geoquímica dos diques máficos da região leste da Província Aurífera Alta Floresta: inferências sobre a fonte mantélica e implicações geodinâmicas
Authors: Primo Guilherme Mene Ale , Costa Paulo César Corrêa da , Girardi Vicente Antonio Vitorio
Published: December 2020

O enxame de diques máficos de Peixoto de Azevedo e Nova Guarita, região Leste da Província Aurífera Alta Floresta (PAAF), compõe-se de basaltos toleíticos  evoluídos. Tais rochas provêm de fonte enriquecida por fluidos originados durante a subducção de crosta oceânica recoberta por significativa quantidade de sedimentos de composição semelhante à média global de sedimentos subductados (global subducting sediment composition — GLOSS). O enxame de diques intrude granitos e gnaisses paleoproterozoicos dos arcos magmáticos Cuiú-Cuiú e Juruena, e possui idade de 1419 Ma. No Cráton Amazônico, suas características geoquímicas relacionadas à sua origem mantélica são muito semelhantes às dos diques máficos de Carajás e da Suíte Máfica Vespor, ambos paleoproterozoicos. São semelhantes em idade quando comparados aos diques de Nova Lacerda, assim como de outras regiões do Supercontinente Columbia, como os diques Bas Drâa Inlier, a W do Cráton da África, a soleira Midsommerso, a NE da Groenlândia, e os diques Michael Gabbro, na Província Grenville, no Canadá. Essas intrusões ocorreram entre 1,42 e 1,33 Ga, durante as fases finais de fragmentação do Supercontinente Columbia.
Terrenos tectonoestratigráficos dispersos do embasamento pré‑Brasiliano (São José do Caiana, Açude Coremas e Icaiçara) na porção centro-oeste da Zona Transversal (Paraíba, Ceará e Pernambuco)
Authors: Neves Benjamim Bley Brito , Passarelli Cláudia Regina
Published: December 2020

Na parte centro-oeste da Zona Transversal, entre os meridianos 37º30’ e 40º15’, nos estados da Paraíba e de Pernambuco (pequena parte no Ceará), ocorrem três exposições importantes de terrenos tectonoestratigráficos (inliers) do embasamento pré-Brasiliano, ramificando faixas de dobramentos desse ciclo, delimitados por zonas de cisalhamento. Os terrenos Açude Coremas e São José do Caiana são truncados a norte pelo Lineamento Patos (E-W strike) e são separados pela zona de cisalhamento sinistral de Boqueirão dos Coxos (NE-SW strike). Para oeste (interior do Ceará), essas exposições estão bastante reduzidas em razão dos depósitos fanerozoicos da Bacia do Araripe, ficando difícil marcar o limite ocidental e as dimensões exatas do São José do Caiana. O Terreno Icaiçara, situado mais a oeste-sudoeste, é delimitado a sul pelo traço do Lineamento Pernambuco, e situa-se inteiramente no estado de Pernambuco. Esses “altos” do embasamento aparecem ramificando as exposições do Sistema de Dobramentos Piancó-Alto Brígida, e são constituídos de complexa gama de gnaisses graníticos e paragnaisses micáceos, localmente migmatizados, e com algumas poucas intercalações de supracrustais aluminosas, calciossilicáticas e anfibolíticas. Esses inliers são de idade predominantemente paleoproterozoica (Riaciana). A trama estrutural é bastante complexa, pois além de duas fases, pelo menos de dobramentos (pré-Brasilianos), há imposição dos movimentos de cisalhamento laterais, com componentes transpressionais marcantes (pelo ciclo Brasiliano). Há frações dessas rochas de embasamento acavalando as supracrustais brasilianas, como a sul do Terreno Açude Coremas, como já mencionado. Os dados geocronológicos obtidos, por diferentes métodos, indicam claramente uma idade paleoproterozoica para esses domínios de exposição de embasamento, com rara e especial ocorrência de protólito arqueano. As semelhanças nas características litoestruturais desses terrenos e sua distribuição na trama
O Batólito Catolé do Rocha (RN-PB): Um magmatismo granítico do tipo-A2 reduzido no Domínio Rio Piranhas-Seridó, Província Borborema, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Robson Rafael de , Vilalva Frederico Castro Jobim , Alves Adriana , Medeiros Vladimir Cruz de , Dalan Clarissa de Aguiar
Published: December 2020

O Batólito Catolé do Rocha, situado no Domínio Rio Piranhas-Seridó da Província de Borborema (Nordeste (NE) do Brasil), é um importante representante do magmatismo ediacarano pós-colisional que acometeu essa região. Ele inclui sienogranitos e quartzo sienitos metaluminosos a ligeiramente peraluminosos, rochas básico-intermediárias e, subordinadamente, diques e/ou bolsões de microgranitos menores. Esse batólito é tido como representante da suíte cálcio-alcalina de alto K, que inclui principalmente granitos de afinidade química próxima aos de tipo-I caledonianos. Contudo, são diversas as evidências litoquímicas que aproximam o batólito aos magmas de tipo-A. As rochas graníticas são álcali-cálcicas a alcalinas, possuem caráter ferroano, concentrações significativas de elementos litófilos de raio grande (LILE) e de alto potencial iônico (HFSE) e enriquecimento de terras-raras leves (LREE) sobre pesados (HREE). Suas assinaturas químicas permitem classificá-los como granitos de tipo‑A2 pós-colisionais. Estimativas geotermobarométricas apontam cristalização sob pressões de 4,6 – 6,3 kbar (~16 – 24 km de profundidade) e temperaturas entre 950 – 750°C, em condições de baixa fugacidade de oxigênio (-4 < ΔQFM < -1). Evidências químicase distintas condições redox estimadas para os granitos e rochas básico-intermediárias do batólito sugerem que se trata de magmas distintos, com misturas do tipo mixing e mingling locais. A origem do batólito parece estar relacionada a fontes enriquecidas (metassomatizadas), com diferenciação controlada principalmente por processos de cristalização fracionada.
Petrografia e termobarometria de granitoides diatexíticos portadores de anfibólio da Região de São José de Ubá e São João do Paraíso (RJ)
Authors: Ferreira Sandro Lúcio Mauri , Marques Rodson de Abreu , Melo Marilane Gonzaga de , Medeiros Junior Edgar Batista de , Reis Sâmara Veiga dos , Silva Roger Mendes , Valle Heitor de Freitas , Queiroga Gláucia Nascimento
Published: December 2020

Na região norte do Rio de Janeiro afloram rochas orto e paraderivadas neoproterozoicas de alto grau metamórfico, englobadas no Terreno Oriental da Faixa Ribeira. Dado a carência de estudos de detalhe na região, o presente trabalho contribui com novos aspectos de campo, petrografia, química mineral e geotermobarometria dos granitoides diatexíticos aflorantes na região entre São José de Ubá e São João do Paraíso, no noroeste fluminense. O litotipo é caracterizado por biotita-hornblenda gnaisses migmatíticos e protomiloníticos que são correlacionáveis a ortognaisses e granulitos do Complexo Serra da Bolívia (Domínio Cambuci da Faixa Ribeira). Dois litotipos neoformados são observados: um mesocrático, de caráter residual; e outro leucocrático, que correspondente ao leucossoma. O enriquecimento de K-feldspato no leucossoma em relação ao neossoma residual sugere baixos volumes de fusão por meio de reações de fusão envolvendo água. Aplicando-se diferentes geotermobarômetros, foram obtidas como condições de equilíbrio para o pico metamórfico 6,8 Kbar e 672–680°C (fácies anfibolito superior). Tais valores destoam dos encontrados na literatura para ouras rochas da região, reforçando a ideia de que os domínios do Terreno Oriental da Faixa Ribeira apresentam evoluções metamórficas distintas, em diferentes níveis crustais.
Editorial
Authors: Machado Daniel
Published: December 2020

Editorial
Epos e lírica na Rússia contemporânea
Authors: Bernardini Aurora Fornoni
Published: December 2020

Marina Tsvetáeva conclui, nessa segunda parte e de seu ensaio Epos e lírica na Rússia contemporânea – Vladímir Maiakóvski e Boris Pasternak, a comparação entre as características próprias a cada um dos dois poetas, dando ênfase às oposições entre eles, particularmente em termos de épica e lírica, exemplificando com trechos de poemas de ambos.
"Amor Brasileiro" de Vsiévolod Ivanov
Authors: De Oliveira Cassio
Published: December 2020

Em 1926, Vsiévolod Ivanov, um pioneiro escritor soviético canonizado nas páginas da legendária revista “Krásnaia nov”, publicou um conto intitulado “Um amor brasileiro” na revista ilustrada “30 dniêi”. Não há indícios que Ivanov tenha visitado o Brasil, sugerindo que a representação do país no conto é baseada em informação de segunda mão; por outro lado, em “Um amor brasileiro” Ivanov não só produz um estereótipo de uma cultura distante e exótica, mas também transpõe questionamentos da realidade soviética para aquele mundo, gerando uma espécie de tradução cultural das incertezas do projeto bolchevique para uma mítica Floresta Amazônica povoada, literalmente, por emigrantes russos.
Traduzir o contemporâneo
Authors: Cavaliere Arlete
Published: December 2020

Este ensaio apresenta e discute algumas proposições teóricas a respeito da arte da tradução literária, tendo como enfoque a tradução da contemporaneidade russa e do romance O dia de um oprítchnik (Den’ oprítchnika) de Vladímir Sorókin.
Translating the homoerotic from and into Russian
Authors: Leung Kadence
Published: December 2020

The translation of a text with homoerotic content reveals complex political, social and cultural contestation in the transnationalization of sexual desire and identity. This article examines the translations of homoerotic poetry by Russian émigré writer Valerii Pereleshin from and into Russian. Pereleshin’s different approaches in his inverse translation (Pushkin’s “Imitating the Arabic” and Kuzmin’s Alexandrian Songs) and direct translation (Pessoa’s “Antinous”) demonstrate how translation choices are governed by the interplay of discourses of same-sex desires in different cultural contexts, as well the poet-translator’s expression of sexual otherness.
Entre a ideia e o som
Authors: Mei Letícia Pedreira
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta e introduz uma articulação entre as principais traduções do longo poema lírico “Nuvem de Calças” (1915) do poeta russo Vladímir V. Maiakóvski para o francês, publicadas entre 1947 e 2011. Pretende-se mostrar como as potentes imagens da poesia maiakovskiana tendem a obliterar os aspectos sonoros fundamentais de sua poética, o que tem resultado em traduções prosaicas, pobres em ritmo e sonoridade. Entretanto, tal fenômeno não teve impacto negativo em sua recepção ao longo do tempo, já que ele é um dos poetas russos mais populares na França, provavelmente em função do gigantismo de sua personalidade histórica junto ao público francês.
Optical Coherence Tomography Predictors for a Favorable Vascular Response to Statin Therapy
Authors: Nakajima Akihiro , Minami Yoshiyasu , Araki Makoto , Kurihara Osamu , Soeda Tsunenari , Yonetsu Taishi , Wang Zhao , McNulty Iris , Lee Hang , Nakamura Sunao , Jang Ik‐Kyung
Published: December 2020

Background

Specific plaque phenotypes that predict a favorable response to statin therapy have not been systematically studied. This study aimed to identify optical coherence tomography predictors for a favorable vascular response to statin therapy.

Methods and Results

Patients who had serial optical coherence tomography imaging at baseline and at 6 months were included. Thin‐cap area (defined as an area with fibrous cap thickness <200 μm) was measured using a 3‐dimensional computer‐aided algorithm, and changes in the thin‐cap area at 6 months were calculated. A favorable vascular response was defined as the highest tertile in the degree of reduction of the thin‐cap area. Macrophage index was defined as the product of the average macrophage arc and length of the lesion with macrophage infiltration. Layered plaque was defined as a plaque with 1 or more layers of different optical density. In 84 patients, 140 nonculprit lipid plaques were identified. In
multivariable
analysis, baseline thin‐cap area (odds ratio [OR] 1.442; 95% CI, 1.024–2.031,
P
=0.036), macrophage index (OR, 1.031; 95% CI, 1.002–1.061,
P
=0.036), and layered plaque (OR, 2.767; 95% CI, 1.024–7.479,
P
=0.045) were identified as the significant predictors for a favorable vascular response. Favorable vascular response was associated with a decrease in the macrophage index.

Conclusions

Three optical coherence tomography predictors for a favorable vascular response to statin therapy have been identified: large thin‐cap area, high macrophage index, and layered plaque. Favorable vascular response to statin was correlated with signs of decreased inflammation.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01110538.