bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Catalytic Reactivity of Mononuclear Palladium(I) Complexes
Authors: Tran Giang N. , Bouley Bailey S. , Mirica Liviu M.
Published: May 2021

Palladium complexes are among the most commonly used transition metal catalysts for different organic transformations with wide applications in the chemical synthesis. Currently, catalytic transformations involving Pd(0)/Pd(II) catalytic cycles are very well-known, and processes involving Pd(II)/Pd(III)/Pd(IV) intermediates are also gaining interest in recent years due to the increasing relevance of high-valent Pd species. By contrast, isolated low-valent Pd(I) complexes, especially mononuclear Pd(I) species, are very rare. Herein, we report the isolation of two heteroleptic Pd(I) complexes stabilized by dithiapyridinophane ligands that were fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, EPR, IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopies, and computational studies. Excitingly, these Pd(I) complexes are shown to be superior catalysts for the Csp2-Csp3 Kumada cross-coupling reaction vs. their Pd(0) or Pd(II) analogs.
Topology Automated Force-Field Interactions (TAFFI): A Framework for Developing Transferable Force-Fields
Authors: seo bumjoon , Lin Zih-Yu , Zhao Qiyuan , Webb Michael , Savoie Brett
Published: May 2021

Force-field development has undergone a revolution in the past decade with the proliferation of quantum chemistry based parameterizations and the introduction of machine learning approximations of the atomistic potential energy surface. Nevertheless, transferable force-fields with broad coverage of organic chemical space remain necessary for applications in materials and chemical discovery where throughput, consistency, and computational cost are paramount. Here we introduce a force-field development framework called Topology Automated Force-Field Interactions (TAFFI) for developing transferable force-fields of varying complexity against an extensible database of quantum chemistry calculations. TAFFI formalizes the concept of atom typing and makes it the basis for generating systematic training data that maintains a one-to-one correspondence with force-field terms. This feature makes TAFFI arbitrarily extensible to new chemistries while maintaining internal consistency and transferability. As a demonstration of TAFFI, we have developed a fixed-charge force-field, TAFFI-gen, from scratch that includes coverage for common organic functional groups that is comparable to established transferable force-fields. The performance of TAFFI-gen was benchmarked against OPLS and GAFF for reproducing several experimental proper- ties of 87 organic liquids. The consistent performance of these force-fields, despite their distinct origins, validates the TAFFI framework while also providing evidence of the representability limitations of fixed-charge force-fields.
The Challenges of Replicating Research on Endangered Species
Authors: Shaw Rachael C. , Greggor Alison L. , Plotnik Joshua M.
Published: May 2021

We are currently witnessing a mass extinction event. In this context, behavior and cognition research can play a vital role in our efforts to conserve biodiversity. However, research on threatened species also poses additional challenges for maintaining rigorous reproducibility standards. We identify four main barriers to carrying out replication studies: resource availability, publication bias, regulatory constraints, and social factors. We argue that all four barriers are exacerbated when the focus is on threatened species, and that they are likely to persist in the future. Considering this, we suggest that researchers develop a systematic approach to identify and prioritize studies where replication is possible and likely to significantly improve both our knowledge of a species and its conservation. Where replication is not an option, we provide several recommendations aimed at ensuring the integrity of research on threatened species.
Isolation, quantification and characterisaion of alkaloids from Eulophia ochreata Lindl by HPTLC analysis
Authors: Akshada Amit Koparde  , Doijad R C  , Magdum C S  , Anup Patil
Published: May 2021

In healthcare system, the development and modernization of phytomedicine in phytochemistry play a central and important role in drug development. Isolation and purification of bioactive compounds from naturally occurring substance is of prime importance. A sensitive and reliable high performance thin layer chromatography method has been developed to estimate gallic acid in ethanolic extract of Eulophia ochreata Lindl. Ethanolic extract prepared as applied on silica gel G 60 F254plate. The plate was developed using Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Formic acid(6:6:0.4:1.6) as a mobile phase and detection and quantification were performed by densitometric scanning at 275nm. The system was found to give well resolved bands for alcoholic extract having Rf values as 0.8 was matched with the standard Rf values like 0.82. The densitometric chromatogram of HPTLC fingerprint of the alcoholic extract, isolate and standard gallic acid was obtained. The calibration curve of gallic acid was linear over a concentration range (0.2- 2 microg/ml) with a good correlation coefficient (R2= 0.9986) and coefficient of variation as CV- 2.4663%. The method was validated for linearity, precision, specificity and it was found to be precise, reliable, and suitable. The proposed method is simple, rapid, precise and accurate. The method was suitable for qualitative and quantitative analysis of gallic acid in the alcoholic extract of Eulophia ochreata Lindl.
Stability Indicating Assay Method (Siam) For Determination Of Semaglutide By Hplc Using Qbd Approach
Authors: Merugu Manasa  , Vijey Aanandhi M
Published: May 2021

An accurate, precise, robust and stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for the estimation of Semaglutide using QbD approach. After conducting several trials using CCD method, one desirable method was optimized. Stationary phase selected was Kromasil C18 (250×4.6 mm, 5 µm) and potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (pH 2) and Methanol used as mobile phase in the ratio of 61.2: 38.8. Detection was carried out at the wavelength 230nm. Flow rate selected for separation was 0.98ml/min and the temperature of 29.150C. The retention time was found to be 2.518 at the run time of 5min. The developed method was subjected to validation as per ICH guidelines. Semaglutide linear in the concentration range of 0-9µg/ml and the regression coefficient was found to be 0.999. The developed method was accurate, precise and robust. When a sample solution subjected to stress conditions like  acid hydrolysis, neutral hydrolysis, photodegradation and thermal degradation, no degradation products were observed. In basic degradation studies two degradation products and oxidative conditions one degradation product was observed. From stress studies, we can observe that the degradation of Semaglutide was less than 10 in all conditions, and there is no impact of degradation products on system suitability parameters. The peak was homogenous I all conditions, thus proving the stability-indicating nature of the method. This method can be applied for the determination of Semaglutide in the drug substance.
Antioxidant studies of 3-(5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1Hpyrazole-4-yl)-1-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
Authors: Ganesh Somashekarachar  , Arpita Goswami  , Kannika Byadarahalli Ravindranath  , Madan Kumar Shankar  , Manju Nagaraja
Published: May 2021

Chalcones are flavonoid precursors, abundant in edible plants. The pyrazole moieties in chalcones show various pharmacological activities. Notably, Chalcone-based structures exhibit numerous pharmacological activities like antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant functions because of having α, β-unsaturated ketone moiety. Such broad spectrum biological activities were also observed in several nitrogen containing heterocycles. Among the heterocyclic systems, pyrazole stand unique. All these observations led us to design and synthesize pyrazole fused hybrid thiophenechalcone molecule 3-(5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-yl)-1-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (3a). The synthesis was performed using base catalyzed reaction of pyrazole aldehyde and acetyl furan. Further characterization of the molecule was done by spectroscopy and antioxidant studies.  Spectroscopic methods included Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectra (MS). The antioxidant potency of the compound was carried out based on the scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH). This compound showed moderate free radical scavenging activity of 45.12 %.
Efek Hepatoprotektif Bit Merah (Beta vulgaris L) Organik terhadap Abnormalitas Faal Hepar Akibat Paparan Pestisida
Authors: Ikawati Kartika , Widodo Agus
Published: May 2021

Pesticide exposure causes hepatic parenchymal cell damage and impaired hepatic membrane permeability. Organic red beets contain high levels of flavonoids, betanin, and polyphenols. The phytochemical compounds in beetroot are anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antihepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of organic beetroot (Beta vulgaris L) on hepar physiological abnormalities due to exposure to pesticides. This type of research is an experiment with Post Test Only Randomized Control Group Design. The study population was male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months with a weight of 150-200g. The sampling technique was randomly assigned to 30 rats were divided into 6 groups. Beetroot ethanol extract intake and pesticide exposure were observed for 14 days. Liver physiological abnormalities were measured based on the levels of the enzyme cholinesterase, Gamma GT, SGOT, and SGPT. Measurement of enzymes using the IFCC method, using Stardust MC15 and Humalyzer spectrophotometer. Data analysis using Anova test. There was a hepar physiological abnormality after pesticide exposure which was indicated by a significant decrease in the cholinesterase enzyme (p-value=0,000) and a significant increase in the Gamma GT, SGOT, and SGPT enzymes (p-value=0,000). The intake of organic beetroot ethanol extract (Beta vulgaris L) significantly increased the cholinesterase enzyme back (p-value=0,000) and significantly decreased the Gamma GT, SGOT, and SGPT enzymes (p-value=0,000), approaching normal levels at a dose of 400mg/kgBW. Organic red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L) has a hepatoprotective effect on hepar physiological abnormalities due to exposure to pesticides.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Lotion Kombinasi Magnesium Oil dan Minyak Biji Kelor (Moringa Seed Oil)
Authors: Yulyuswarni Yulyuswarni
Published: May 2021

Magnesium plays a role in nearly 600 important metabolic and enzymatic reactions in the body. In developing countries, 10-30% of people have a magnesium deficiency. Magnesium deficiency can result in migraines, insomnia, leg cramps, anxiety, arrhythmias, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc. Transdermal magnesium supplementation has been shown to be useful as a muscle relaxant in treating leg cramps. Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil contains antioxidants, anti-aging, amino acids, collagen, omega 3,6 and 9, complete vitamins and minerals that are widely used in cosmetics. This experimental study aims to obtain a combination lotion formula of magnesium oil and moringa seed oil that meets the requirements and functions as an intake of magnesium and antioxidants. The data obtained were compared with the standard requirements for topical lotion preparations. The formula is designed with a magnesium chloride concentration of 250 mg / 5 ml, with four concentrations of moringa seed oil F1 (3%), F2 (6%), F3 (9%), and F4 (12%). Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that the dosage data was white, the semi-solid texture was easy to pour with a lavender aroma. All the formulas meet the requirements of pH (5,0-5,5) and some of the formulas meet the requirements of dispersion, specific gravity, viscosity. The Antioxidant activity of all formulas is very weak. Only one formula (F4) meets all the requirements for the lotion preparation.
İnsan Serum Albümin Nanopartikül/surfaktant Polimer Temelli Sensör ile Metil Paratiyonun Enzimsiz Elektroanalizi
Authors: BOLAT Gülçin
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada, insan serum albümin nanopartiküller (HSA NP) ve elektrobiriktirilmiş yüzey aktif polisetiltrimetil amonyum bromür p(CTAB) film kaplı grafit elektrotlar (PGE) tehlikeli bir çevresel kirletici olan metil paratiyonun (MP) hassas ve seçici tespiti için elektrokimyasal sensör olarak kullanıldı. Elde edilen HSA NP/p(CTAB)/PGE mikroskopik ve elektrokimyasal olarak karakterize edildi. Diferansiyel puls voltametri (DPV) tekniği ile MP için elde edilen doğrusal çalışma aralığı 0,01-0,1 µM ve gözlenebilme sınırı ise 6 nM olarak tespit edildi. MP tespiti için geliştirilen enzim kullanımı gerektirmeyen ve basit hazırlama stratejisine sahip HSA NP/p(CTAB) tabanlı elektrokimyasal sensör, çevre koruma ve gıda güvenliği açısından izleme sürecini de basitleştirme potansiyeline sahiptir.
Metal-Ion Assisted Imprinted Hydrogels For Recognition Of Lysozyme
Authors: ÇETİN Kemal
Published: May 2021

Hydrogels exhibiting selectivity towards lysozyme were produced by metal-ion assisted-imprinting technology. A metal-chelate monomer N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is pre-assembled with the template molecule via assistance of Cu(II) ions and co-polymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Lysozyme imprinted hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, swelling tests, scanning electron microscopy. The conditions for the optimum adsorption capacity of the hydrogels towards lysozyme were found out by investigating the effects of initial concentration of lysozyme, medium pH, contact time and ionic strength. Maximum adsorption of lysozyme on poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-N-vinyl pyrrolidone) hydrogel was found to be 12.25 mg/g for 1.0 mg/mL initial concentration of lysozyme at 25.0°C with an optimal pH of 7.0. After ten adsorption-desorption cycles with the same hydrogel, the lysozyme adsorption capacity decreased by 13.80%.
Inclusion and identification of locally-authored items in library collections
Authors: Wiebe Rynnelle
Published: May 2021

This research explores how public libraries support local authors, with a focus on if and how these works are included in library collections and made findable to patrons. Twelve public libraries, four each from British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, were selected to analyze collection development policies and item metadata. Qualitative content analysis was used to code collection policies, and systemic analysis of item record metadata was used to understand methods of identifying locally-authored items. The results of this research indicate that collection policies provide both opportunities and barriers for acquisition of locally-authored items, including those items that are self-published. There is a lack of consistent methods for identifying items as locally-authored within item metadata. This research discusses some of the challenges associated with identifying items as locally-authored, and concludes with recommendations for modifying collection policies and methods for identifying items in order to make locally-authored items more accessible and discoverable to the local community.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DO CONCENTRADO PROVENIENTE DE TRATAMENTO POR OSMOSE INVERSA DE LIXIVIADO DE ATERRO SANITÁRIO
Authors: Porto Raphael Ferreira , Almeida Ronei de , CAMPOS JUACYARA CARBONELLI
Published: May 2021

O tratamento de lixiviados oriundos de aterros sanitários tem sido um dos maiores problemas para pesquisadores e engenheiros no âmbito da gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos. Atualmente, a osmose inver
A systemic review on various pertinences and simulations of rotavirus
Authors: Sameer Sharma , Seema Rani Padhiary
Published: May 2021

Rotavirus induced disease are a main source of dreadful, serious and drying out gastroenteritis in kids (less than five years old). Instead of the worldwide presentation of immunizations for rotavirus longer than 10 years back, rotavirus infections still result in more than 200,000 yearly passings, generally in developing countries. Rotavirus basically infects enterocytes and cause diarrheal through the demolition of absorptive enterocytes. Intestinal secretions are invigorated by rotavirus (non-auxiliary/structural protein) to enactment of the enteric sensory system. Rotavirus diseases can prompt viraemia and antigenaemia (term related with more serious indications of intense gastroenteritis). Rotavirus reinfections are regular throughout the life, even though the sickness seriousness is diminished with rehash contaminations. The resistant relates of assurance against rotavirus reinfection and recuperation from disease is inadequately perceived. This study takes a step forward to the administration of rotavirus disease centers, primarily on control and cure of dehydration, even though the utilization of antiviral and hostile to purgative medications can be demonstrated at some cases.
Etika Penelitian
Authors: Suryanto Diman
Published: May 2021

Ilmu pengetahuan adalah pemikiran yang teratur. Keteraturan menghendaki disiplin dan ini pada gilirannya diatur pula oleh etika. Etika ilmiah diperlukan dalam ketiga aspek ilmu pengetahan, yaitu pengajaran, penelitian, dan penerapan ilmu. Etika penelitian harus sudah mulai diperhatikan sejak penelitian dipersiapkan dan baru berakhir sesudah basil penelitian dipublikasikan. Dalam uraian ini akan dibicarakan sepintas lalu etika penelitian pada tiap-tiap tahapan penelitian.
MarkIt: A Collaborative Artificial Intelligence Annotation Platform Leveraging Blockchain For Medical Imaging Research
Authors: Witowski Jan , Choi Jongmum , Jeon Soomin , Kim Doyun , Chung Joowon , Conklin John , Figueiro Longo Maria Gabriela , Succi Marc D. , Do Synho
Published: May 2021

Current research on medical image processing relies heavily on the amount and quality of input data. Specifically, supervised machine learning methods require well-annotated datasets. A lack of annotation tools limits the potential to achieve high-volume processing and scaled systems with a proper reward mechanism. We developed MarkIt, a web-based tool, for collaborative annotation of medical imaging data with artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies. Our platform handles both Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) and non-DICOM images, and allows users to annotate them for classification and object detection tasks in an efficient manner. MarkIt can accelerate the annotation process and keep track of user activities to calculate a fair reward. A proof-of-concept experiment was conducted with three fellowship-trained radiologists, each of whom annotated 1,000 chest X-ray studies for multi-label classification. We calculated the inter-rater agreement and estimated the value of the dataset to distribute the reward for annotators using a crypto currency. We hypothesize that MarkIt allows the typically arduous annotation task to become more efficient. In addition, MarkIt can serve as a platform to evaluate the value of data and trade the annotation results in a more scalable manner in the future. The platform is publicly available for testing on https://markit.mgh.harvard.edu.
Muratbekova Sarakul Abishovna (2021). ADVANTAGES OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION// FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (ICFARS) April 2021, Berlin - Germany: collection of scientific papers / OEAPS OU.; editorial board: Flora Bertrand (editor-in-chief) [and others]. - Tallinn, Estonia: OEAPS OU., 2021. S. 14-19..
Authors: Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna
Published: May 2021

At present a new system of education is introduced. This system enables people to get knowledge and a good foundation in the sciences basic to his or her field of study. Distance learning has developed over years from satellite video courses to modern videoconferencing through personal computers.
A Different Experience in a Different Moment? Teachers’ Social Media Use Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aguilar Stephen J , Rosenberg Joshua , Greenhalgh Spencer , Fütterer Tim , Lishinski Alex , Fischer Christian
Published: May 2021

Teachers participate in professional development activities to enhance their pedagogical knowledge and share best practices—and the increasing role of technologies in education, including social media, is shifting how this professional development occurs. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to further consider the role of social media for professional learning. Using intensive longitudinal methods, we investigated 14 teachers’ use of social media both before and during the pandemic (n = 386 total responses). We found some general patterns in social media platforms uptake and their purposes, but teachers’ use of social media was largely idiosyncratic. Also, teachers demonstrated notable shifts in social media use after the pandemic started; multi-level models indicated that teachers were more likely to use social media to connect and share, especially, compared to before the pandemic. Higher levels of COVID-related stress were also associated with more use of social media for emotional and community benefits.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. PRIMA LARVAE
Authors: Aprilia Fransiska , dunan hendri
Published: May 2021

Employee performance can be said as one of the measures of success and the ability of an employee to achieve the goals set by the organization, therefore employee performance in an organization is considered as a very important thing both for employees themselves and for the organization, as a form of efforts to achieve its success. Improved employee performance can be achieved in several ways such as looking at employee job satisfaction, providing motivation, creating a conducive work environment. Strategies are also needed in this to improve employee performance. This study aimed to determine the cause of the decline in employee performance at PT. Prima Larvae in Bandar Lampung. The method used is qualitative. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. It was concluded that based on the results of research conducted at PT. Prima Larvae is a company that pays little attention to existing employee satisfaction, on physical financial factors such as existing work equipment to support existing work so that employee performance is more optimal in their work, then with a work environment where employees feel less clean and less comfortable. As well as financial factors such as salaries where employees are not satisfied with it, employees feel unsatisfied with financial factors due to the increasing needs of employees. Based on this the strategy that can be done to strive to improve performance is the Turn Arround strategy.
Sistem Ekonomi Kapitalisme
Authors: Bunayya Ahmad Mahdi
Published: May 2021

Sistem ekonomi Kapitalisme lahir dari tokoh ekonomi klasik Adam Smith dan menjadi suatu sistem ekonomi yang sangat digandrungi oleh suatu negara. Sistem ekonomi kapitalis merupakan suatu sistem ekonomi yang dimana individu bebas memanfaatkan faktor produksi untuk mendapatkan keuntungan.
Distinguishing cognitive from historical influences in phonology
Authors: Begus Gasper
Published: May 2021

Distinguishing cognitive influences from historical influences on human behavior has long been a disputed topic in behavioral sciences, including linguistics. The discussion is often complicated by empirical evidence being consistent with both the cognitive and the historical approach. This paper argues that phonology offers a unique test case for distinguishing historical and cognitive influences on grammar and proposes an experimental technique for testing the cognitive factor that controls for the historical factor. The paper outlines a model called catalysis for explaining how learnability influences phonological typology and designs experiments that simulate this process. Central to this discussion are unnatural phonological processes, i.e.~those that operate against universal phonetic tendencies and that require complex historical trajectories to arise. Using statistical methods for estimating historical influences, mismatches in predictions between the cognitive and historical approaches to typology can be identified. By conducting artificial grammar learning experiments on processes for which the historical approach makes predictions that differ from the cognitive approach, the experimental technique proposed in this paper controls for historical influences while testing cognitive factors. Results of online and fieldwork experiments on two languages, English and Slovenian, show that subjects prefer postnasal devoicing over postnasal fricative occlusion and devoicing in at least a subset of places of articulation which aligns with the observed typology. The advantage of the proposed approach over existing experimental work is that it experimentally confirms the link between synchronic preferences and typology that is most likely not influenced by historical biases. Results suggest that complexity avoidance is the primary influence of the cognitive bias on phonological systems in human languages. Applying this technique to further alternations should yield new information about those cognitive properties of phonological grammar that are not conflated with historical influences.
iman ahmadi resume htn
Authors: AHMADI IMAN
Published: May 2021

Hukum tata negara pada dasarnya adalah hukum yang mengatur organisasi kekuasaan suatu negara beserta segala aspek yang berkaitan dengan organisasi negara tersebut. Sehubungan dengan itu dalam lingkungan Hukum Ketatanegaraan dikenal berbagai istilah yaitu :Di Belanda umumnya memakai istilah “staatsrech” yang dibagi menjadi staatsrech in ruimere zin (dalam arti luas) dan staatsrech In engere zin (dalam arti luas). Staatsrech in ruimere zin adalah Hukum Negara. Sedangkan staatsrech in engere zin adalah hukum yang membedakan Hukum Tata Negara dari Hukum Administrasi Negara, Hukum Tata Usaha Negara atau Hukum Tata Pemerintah.Di Inggris pada umumnya memakai istilah “Contitusional Law”, penggunaan istilah tersebut didasarkan atas alasan bahwa dalam Hukum Tata Negara unsur konstitusi yang lebih menonjol.Di Perancis orang mempergunakan istilah “Droit Constitutionnel” yang di lawankan dengan “Droit Administrative”, dimana titik tolaknya adalah untuk membedakan antara Hukum Tata Negara dengan Hukum Aministrasi Negara.
Tác động của hình ảnh điểm đến tới ý định quay lại của khách du lịch nội địa tại Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu
Authors: Giao Ha Nam Khanh , Ngan Nguyen Thi Kim
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu kiểm định mức độ tác động của các yếu tố hình ảnh điểm đến tới ý định quay trở lại của khách du lịch nội địa tại Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu, bằng việc khảo sát 398 du khách. Phương pháp phân tích Cronbach’s Alpha, phân tích EFA cùng với phân tích hồi quy bội được sử dụng với phương tiện SPSS. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 7 nhân tố thuộc về hình ảnh điểm đến là Môi trường (EN); Cơ sở hạ tầng (INF); Khả năng tiếp cận (AC); Hoạt động vui chơi giải trí (LE); Hợp túi tiền (PV); Bầu không khí du lịch (AMP) và Ẩm thực (LF) có tác động tích cực lần lượt đến Ý định quay lại của khách du lịch nội địa tại Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu. Nghiên cứu đề ra một số hàm ý quản trị cho các doanh nghiệp kinh doanh du lịch đưa ra các chính sách kinh doanh hiệu quả, thu hút khách du lịch.
nasyratul reski resume HTN
Authors: REZKI NASYRATUL
Published: May 2021

A. Istilah Hukum Tata Negara.Hukum Tata Negara :1. Belanda (Staatscrecht)2. Inggris (Constitutional)3. Perancis (droit constituionnel)4. Jerman (verfassungscreht)Pengertian Hukum Tata Negara Menurut :Van der Pot.’’Hukum Tata Negara adalah peraturan-peraturan yang menentukan badan-badan yang diperlukan beserta kewenangannya masing-masing hubungannya satu sama lain, serta hubungannya dengan individu warga Negara dalam kegiatannya ‘’.Cristian van vollenhopen. ‘’Hukum Tata Negara mengatur semua masyarakat hokum bawahan menurut tingkatannya, dan dari masing-masing itumenentukan wilayah lingkungan masyarakatnya, badan-badan yang berkuasa, fungsi, susunan dan wewenang masing-masing dalam lingkungan masyarakat hokum tersebut’’.J.H.A.Logeman. ‘’Hukum Tata Negara adalah hokum yang mengatur mengenai organisasi negara’’Paul Scholten. ‘’Hukum Tata Negara adalah het recht dat regelt deststsorgani satie,atau hokum yang mengatur mengenai tata organisasi negara’’.Ruang Lingkup Kajian :Lembaga NegaraKewenangan lembaga NegaraBentuk dan System PemerintahanBatasan dan Pemisahan Cabang Kekuasaan KonstitusiPrinsip dan Hubungan Antar Lembaga NegaraHak Asasi ManusiaHubungan Dengan Ilmu Lainnya :Ilmu Negara- Ilmu Pengetahuan yang menyelidiki asas-asas pokok tentang Negara.
MID -HUKUM TATA NEGARA
Authors: RAMADANI SUCI AULIA
Published: May 2021

Resume Mata Kuliah ( Hukum Tata Negara)A.) Hukum Tata Negara 1.) Istilah Hukum Tata Negara Istilah Hukum Tata Negara berasal dari bahasa Belanda Staatsrecht yang artinya adalah hukum Negara. Staats berarti negara-negara, sedangkan recht berarti hukum.Hukum negara dalam kepustakaan Indonesia diartikan menjadi Hukum Tata Negara.2.) Pengertian Hukum Tata Negara Hukum Tata Negara adalah hukum yang mengatur bentuk negara (kesatuan atau federal), dan bentuk pemerintahan (kerajaan atau republik), yang menunjukan masyarakat Hukum yang atasan maupunyang bawahan, beserta tingkatan-tingkatannya (hierarchie), yang selanjutnya mengesahkan wilayah dan lingkungan rakyat dari masyarakat-masyarakat hukum itu dan akhirnya menunjukan alat-alat perlengkapan (yang memegang kekuasaan penguasa) dari masyarakat hukum itu,beserta susunan (terdiri dari seorang atau sejumlah orang), wewenang, tingkatan imbang dari dan antara alat perlengkapan itu.3.) Pengertian Menurut Para Ahli a.)Menurut PrinsHukum Tata Negara mempelajari yang fundamental yang merupakan dasar-dasar dari Negara dan menyangkut langsung tiap-tiap warga Negara. Hukum Tata Pemerintahan menitikberatkan kepada hal-hal yang teknis saja, yang selama ini kita tidak berkepentingan dan hanya penting bagi para spesialis saja.b.)Menurut Scholten Hukum tata negara adalah hukum yang mengatur organisasi negara. Kesimpulan: Bahwa dalam organisasi negara itu telah dicakup bagaimana kedudukan organ-organ dalam negara itu, hubungan, hak dan kewajiban, serta tugasnya.c.)Menurut Van der PotHukum Tata Negara adalah peraturan-peraturan yang menentukan badan-badan yang diperlukan, wewenang masing-masing badan, hubungan antar badan yang satu dengan yang lain, serta hubungan antara badan-badan itu dengan individu-individu didalam suatu Negara.d.)Menurut UtrechtHukum Tata Negara mempelajari kewajiban sosial dan kekuasaan pejabat-pejabat Negara.
sistem ekonomi kapitalisme
Authors: Rismawati
Published: May 2021

catatan terkait dengan sistem ekonomi kapitalisme
SISTEM EKONOMI KAPITALISME
Authors: Musfira Ainun
Published: May 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang sistem ekonomi Kapitalisme
SISTEM EKONOM KAPITALISME
Authors: Pradana Muh. Rasul
Published: May 2021

Sistem ekonomi kapitalissme merupakan suatu paham karena Kebebasan dalam pasar
What can the implicit social cognition literature teach us about implicit social cognition?
Authors: Kurdi Benedek , Dunham Yarrow
Published: May 2021

We highlight several sets of findings from the past decade elucidating the relationship between implicit social cognition and real-world inequality: studies focusing on practical ramifications of implicit social cognition in applied contexts, the relationship between implicit social cognition and consequential real-world outcomes at the level of individuals and geographic units, and convergence between individual-level and corpus-based measures of implicit bias.
Speciesism in everyday language
Authors: Leach Stefan , Kitchin Andrew , Sutton Robbie M. , Dhont Kristof
Published: May 2021

Speciesism, like other forms of prejudice, is thought to be underpinned by biased patterns of language use. Thus far, however, psychological science has primarily focused on how speciesism is reflected in individuals’ thoughts as opposed to wider collective systems of meaning such as language. We present a large-scale quantitative test of speciesism by applying machine-learning methods (word embeddings) to billions of English words derived from conversation, film, books, and the internet. We found evidence of anthropocentric speciesism: words denoting concern (vs. indifference) and value (vs. valueless) were more closely associated with words denoting humans compared to many other animals. We also found evidence of companion animal speciesism: the same words were more closely associated with words denoting companion animals compared to most other animals. The work describes speciesism as a pervasive collective phenomenon that is evident in a naturally occurring expression of human psychology--everyday language.
The Acoustic Features and Didactic Function of Foreigner Directed Speech: A literature Review.
Authors: Piazza Giorgio , Martin Clara , Kalashnikova Marina
Published: May 2021

This review considers the acoustic features of a clear speech register directed to non-native listeners known as Foreigner Directed Speech (FDS). We identify vowel hyperarticulation and low speech rate as the most representative acoustic features of FDS; other features, including wide pitch range and high intensity, are still under debate.We also discuss factors that may influence the outcomes and characteristics of FDS. We start by examining accommodation theories (Lindblom, 1990), outlining the reasons why FDS is likely to serve a didactic function by helping listeners acquire a second language (L2). We examine how this speech register adapts to listeners’ identities and linguistic needs, suggesting that FDS also takes listeners’ L2 proficiency into account. To confirm the didactic function of FDS, we compare it to other clear speech registers, specifically Infant Directed Speech and Lombard Speech. However, our review reveals that research has not yet established whether FDS, in fact, succeeds as a didactic tool that supports L2 acquisition. Our review reveals a complex set of contextual factors that determine specific realisations of FDS, which need further exploration. We conclude our review by summarising open questions and indicating directions and recommendations for future research.
Analiza sukoba interesa na primjeru specijalnog rezervata prirode u Srbiji
Authors: Stevanov Mirjana , Krott Max , Kičić Martina , Kljajić Ljubomir , Tarjan Tobolka Albina
Published: May 2021

Empirijsko analitički pristup znanosti šumarske politike primijenjen je na primjeru specijalnog rezervata prirode „Koviljsko-Petrovaradinski Rit“ (Srbija) s ciljem sveobuhvatne analize korisnika, njihovih interesa i potencijalnih sukoba interesa. Istraživanje je provedeno od kolovoza 2017. do kolovoza 2018. godine. Procjena intenziteta interesa identificiranih korisnika temelji se na kvalitativnoj analizi sadržaja i kritičkoj analizi te kombinaciji tehnika triangulacije, logičkog zaključivanja, indukcije i dedukcije. Unosom procijenjenog intenziteta interesa korisnika (vlasnici šuma – država i privatni šumovlasnici; zaposleni u šumarstvu; poduzeća/institucije – drvna industrija, pokrajinski sekretarijat, itd.; građani) u analitičku shemu jasno se mogla izdvojiti zona sukoba između korisnika s vrlo jakim interesom za korištenje drvne mase (Vojvodinašume, crkva, prerada drva) i korisnika koji pripadaju interesnom polju očuvanja/zaštite prirode (institucije zaštite prirode, građani). Uz navedeno, država tj. Vojvodinašume su u unutarnjem sukobu, jer (također) imaju vrlo snažan interes za proizvodnju drva s jedne strane i za zaštitu prirode s druge strane. Kako bi uravnotežila interese, država/pokrajina je u prednosti jer rješenje može potražiti interno, ali analitička shema pokazuje i da će rezultat neizbježno dovesti do sukoba s drugim korisnicima (drvnom industrijom ako se poveća opseg zaštite ili zaštitom prirode ako se pojača sječa drva). Koncept zaštitnih zona pokazuje trenutni kompromisni paket između zainteresiranih strana (stroga zaštita 6%, aktivna zaštita 29% i korištenje drva 65%), koji će opstati dok ga država bude mogla podržati političkim mjerama. Empirijsko analitički pristup omogućio je sveobuhvatni uvid u korisnike i interese vezane za Rit, a metodološka postavka je uz zaključake relevantne za daljnja znanstvena istraživanja stvorila osnovu za aktivniju komunikaciju rezultata s praksom.
Audit Komunikasi Media Sosial di Masa Krisis COVID-19
Authors: Saputri Chusnina Dwi , Lestari Puji , Sosiawan Edwi Arief
Published: May 2021

Komunikasi krisis sektor pariwisata terjadi akibat oleh adanya pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan audit proses komunikasi pada akun media sosial Instagram @kemenparekraf.ri milik Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif Republik Indonesia di masa krisis COVID-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode evaluasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan audit komunikasi. Desain audit komunikasi pada penelitian ini menggunakan lima tahapan utama pendekatan Npower Northwest. Hasil dari audit komunikasi menyatakan bahwa proses komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh Kemenparekraf melalui platform Instagram sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah yang berlaku dalam melakukan komunikasi publik, meskipun ada beberapa kekurangan-kekurangan yang terjadi. Secara keseluruhan permasalahan tersebut lebih dominan pada kurangnya instrumen kebijakan, optimalisasi proses, konsistensi aktivitas, koordinasi internal organisasi, dan tidak adanya instrumen monitoring evaluasi dalam rangka pengelolaan media sosial Instagram secara konsisten. Rekomendasi yang diberikan dari penelitian ini kepada Kemenparekraf diharapkan melakukan pengelolaan akun instagram melalui kajian kebijakan secara spesifik, optimalisasi proses, pemberian saran, koordinasi dalam organisasi, melakukan aktivitas monitoring dan evaluasi secara periodik, serta menciptakan dan mengelola komunikasi dua arah untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan publik.
Institutional Language Policy and ESL Teachers’ L2 Writing Assessment Practices
Authors: Cook William Robert Amilan , Luke Jonathan , Valeo Antonella , Barkaoui Khaled
Published: May 2021

Les pratiques d’évaluation monopolisent une part importante du temps des enseignants d’ALS et ont des répercussions considérables sur l’engagement et l’apprentissage des élèves. Ces pratiques sont aussi, à leur tour, fortement influencées par la conception qu’ont les enseignants de l’écrit en L2 et le contexte politique dans lequel ils travaillent. Bien que plusieurs chercheurs se soient intéressés aux pratiques d’évaluation utilisées en classe par les enseignants d’ALS, peu de recherches ont été consacrées à la relation entre la politique linguistique institutionnelle et la conception qu’ont les enseignants de l’écrit en L2, d’une part, et à la façon dont cette relation influe sur les pratiques d’évaluation de l’écrit en L2. La présente étude porte plus précisément sur trois enseignants d’un même programme de formation collégiale en ALS et l’éventail des méthodes auxquelles ils ont recours pour concrétiser l’application de la politique éducative. Le contexte politique dans lequel œuvrent les enseignants et leurs antécédents personnels ont créé une relation complexe tout en définissant la façon dont ils ont élaboré, utilisé et interprété les évaluations ayant pour but l’appréciation et le soutien des progrès de leurs étudiants dans l’écrit. Des analyses de cas transversales montrent que les enseignants ont souvent concrétisé l’application de la politique éducative par des moyens fort différentes, en interprétant cette politique, en se l’appropriant et en la matérialisant différemment selon les interactions entre leurs convictions affichées quant à l’évaluation de l’écrit en L2, les politiques institutionnelles et leur construction personnelle à titre d’agents éthiques œuvrant dans ce contexte.
A Retrospective Analysis of Pre-/Post-Test Scores of Students Participating in Online Asynchronous Shelter Surgery Coursework
Authors: Reinhard Chelsea L. , Powell Lauren , Watson Brittany
Published: May 2021

The University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine first offered the elective Student Shelter Opportunities I (SSOI) course in 2016 to provide pre-clinical students with an opportunity to engage with shelter medicine and high-quality, high-volume surgery (HQHVS) concepts. The course utilized online asynchronous coursework to deliver content that was completed on a self-guided timeline by students. With most of the veterinary medical curriculum delivered in a traditional classroom format, it is important to assess learning in this unique course format. There is also limited information on educational experiences in online shelter medicine coursework. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate student learning in the asynchronous online portion of the SSOI elective course using paired pre- and post-test scores from a multiple-choice type assessment. The study investigated how students’ pre-test and post-test scores compared and whether time to completion of material influenced student assessment performance. Paired assessments from 400 students were analyzed, and a statistically significant increase was found in post-test scores compared to pre-test following completion of the online coursework ( p < .001). There was no significant difference in the mean change in score from pre-test to post-test for students who completed the online course material in 30 days or less compared to those who completed it in greater than 30 days. This study’s findings support online asynchronous learning as an effective option to teach veterinary students and can be considered in the development of veterinary coursework, including for curricular adjustments to increase online learning during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Virtual VM4 Clinical Rotations: A COVID-19 Pandemic Response at Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Ward Jessica L. , Mulherin Brenda L. , Vengrin Courtney A.
Published: May 2021

Policy changes in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic at Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine (ISU-CVM) included the administrative directive that fourth-year (VM4) clinical rotations immediately transition from in-person to virtual format. This article summarizes the efforts, successes, and challenges experienced by ISU-CVM clinical faculty during this transition. Numerous data sources were reviewed, including college records and announcements, faculty survey results, and student rotation evaluations. Data were explored using quantitative and qualitative methods. Between March and July 2020, 36 faculty from 15 different clinical services invested approximately 5,000 hours in delivering virtual content to 165 VM4 students from ISU-CVM and Caribbean veterinary schools. With departmental, college, and university assistance, faculty effectively used educational technologies (Zoom, Canvas, Echo360) and developed adaptive and innovative methods for virtual content delivery. Virtual VM4 rotations were collectively well received and appreciated by students, and student evaluation scores were statistically equivalent or higher for virtual rotations than for the corresponding in-person rotations in the preceding year. Although certain hands-on skills could not be adequately acquired in a virtual environment, students gained theoretical knowledge and case-based problem-solving skills in the online format. Faculty reported satisfaction with their adaptability and resilience in these challenging circumstances. These findings demonstrate that ISU-CVM clinical faculty invested substantial time and effort to transition in-person clinical rotations to virtual format during the early COVID-19 pandemic. This is particularly noteworthy given that many of these same faculty simultaneously served as essential personnel managing clinical cases in the university’s teaching hospital.
Exigências nutricionais de cães filhotes: Revisão
Authors: Mazzinghy Cristiane , Silva Pinow Ana Clara , Silva Santos Josemara , Lopes Mazzinghy Cristiane , Loraine Pinto Mildre
Published: May 2021

Nutrition has great importance for the growth and maintenance of both human and animal health. The daily nutritional demands of the animals are met through proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and minerals, inserted in diets, with specific characteristics and variations according to their stage of life so that there is correct body performance and daily maintenance. The aim of the study is to conduct a review of the main nutritional requirements of puppy dogs to add information in the context of small animal nutrition.
Efeitos da metadona aplicada no acuponto Yin Tang em cadela submetida a ovariohisterectomia eletiva: relato de caso
Authors: Do Prado Caroline
Published: May 2021

The study was carried out in order to evaluate the sedative, analgesic effect and possible side effects of Methadone when applied in a sub-dose in the YinTang acupoint, located in the ventral midline between the eyebrows for an elective ovariohysterectomy. The sub-dose applied was 0.13 ml, and after twenty minutes, Xylazine was applied in a minimum dose, totaling 0.14 ml intramuscularly. To ensure the effectiveness of the drug, heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature was measured every ten minutes during pre-anesthetic medication, totaling thirty minutes, and after the beginning of the surgery, the parameters were measured every fifteen minutes until completion. The degree of sedation the animal was in evaluated and painful stimuli were performed to determine the analgesia of animal, in addition to the observations of sialorrhea. After evaluating the collected data, it was found an effective sedation with a smaller amount of drugs because the reference values of hemodynamic standards remained constant throughout the procedure, so this technique can be used safely in the routine of veterinarians, also reducing side effects such as bradycardia and thus avoiding complications during the operations.
Diagnóstico da situação dos comerciantes de aves na feira do produtor rural de Boa Vista, Roraima
Authors: Cipriano Lévison , Gales Macedo Raiane , Pinto de Godoy Siqueira Heloisa , Ferreira Lima Everton , Carvalho Medeiros Junior Artur , Bortolin Affonso Lux Hoppe Ingrid , Buzutti de Siqueira André
Published: May 2021

The production and trade of chicken meat have occupied a prominent position in the supply of animal protein in several countries, such as Brazil. This study aimed to make a situation diagnosis of chicken traders at the rural producer fair in the municipality of Boa Vista, Roraima, to obtain information on its health, management, slaughter processes, animal welfare, and impacts on public health. The eight poultry traders at the fair were interviewed using questionnaires. From the results, it was identified that the traders had different origins, 75% of them (6/8) were male and 87.5% (7/8) had no higher education, and poultry selling was their main source of household income. The poultry trade at the rural producer fair does not have adequate hygienic-sanitary conditions of production (handling, slaughtering process, and commercialization). There is therefore a need to improve production conditions, ensure the welfare of the slaughtered animals, and implement overall sanitary control to avoid a negative impact on public health.