bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Necessity is the mother of invention: Technical note on the use of self-designed low-cost continuous sump suction for use in microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Praneeth Kokkula , Aggarwal Ashish , Gupta Sunil Kumar , Singla Navneet
Published: November 2019

Background:

Technical advances in microneurosurgery facilitated the continuous evolution of surgery. In many developing countries surgeons face difficulties rendering high quality services due to resource constraints. The continuous dry surgical field is essential for performing microvascular anastomosis. Commercially available sump suctions are costly and beyond the reach of most surgeons in resource-constrained countries.

Methods:

We designed a suction system which functions on the principles of capillary action and sump effect.

Results:

The improvised sump suction was used successfully in our patients for micro vascular surgery, giving us a continuous dry field and removing the chance of error by an assistant.

Conclusion:

The suction system was made with the use of easily available low-cost components, and worked well to the satisfaction of the surgeon.
WORD LEVEL EQUIVALENCE OF INDONESIAN–ENGLISH TRANSLATION ABBREVIATION IN THE JAKARTA POST
Authors: Utami Kartika Fitri , Sumani Sumani
Published: November 2019

The objective of the study is to identify the words level equivalence are used by the translator in translating abbreviation found in The Jakarta Post based on the classification of word level equivalence. The researcher applies descriptive qualitative method in carrying out the research. The researcher uses documentation technique. In this study, the researcher uses data source and methodological triangulation. The researcher uses data reduction, data display, and conclusion to analyzing the data. It is in order to describe the fact in The Jakarta Post daily newspaper during February 2012. Some abbreviations were studied. After analyzing the strategies of Indonesian – English translation of abbreviation found in The Jakarta Post, some points can be drawn as follows: (1) translation  by more  general  word  (super ordinate) (because of the  hierarchical  structure of semantic  fields  is  not  language  specific),  (2)  translation  by  more  neutral/less  expressive  word (because the target language has no direct equivalent word), (3) translation using loan or loan word plus explanation (culture specific items, modern concepts and buzz words), (4) translation by paraphrase using related words (when the concept expressed by the source item is lexicalized in the target language but in different form), (5) translation by omission (if the meaning conveyed by certain item or expression is not vital enough), (6) translation by more specific word(subordinate) the target language lacks a super ordinate), and (7) accurate translation (the closest equivalent).

 
THE EXPRESSIONS OF CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOM
Authors: Sulistyani Sulistyani
Published: November 2019

This study aims to review the teacher’s expressions which constitute teacher’s corrective feedbacks (CFs) in oral production and examine the ways the teachers' expression revealing teacher’s CFs. The data are in the forms of teachers' utterances obtained from four research articles. The result shows that teacher' expressions which  constitute CFs cover explicit correction, recast, clarification request, metalinguistic, elicitation, and repetition. While the ways which reveal teacher’s CFs are found to be reduction, negation, and  expansion. The area to be corrected commonly involves phonological, grammatical, and lexical errors. So, it can be concluded that in a second language classroom instruction, teacher’s CFs expressions lead learners' erroneous utterances to be resolved because by saying "Sorry?" (clarification request), a teacher implicitly asks a language learner to reformulate what he has just been said which is usually called repair. Thus, it implies that the teacher’s CFs expressions in a second language classroom instruction are facilitative to resolve learners' problematic linguistic accuracy. In Indonesia, where English is used as foreign language, CFs are important to be practiced. Therefore, CF’s expressions are necessary to be introduced as a model to practice for the improvement of the linguistic competence especially in English speaking as it is assumed that excellence in speaking is expected to increase Indonesian human capital particularly in global competition and international communication.
HOOLIGAN: BARCLAYS PREMIER LEAGUE: A CULTURAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Nugroho Bagus Indro , Ricahyono Sigit
Published: November 2019

Culture or history of each club in Barclays Premiere League and its hooligan influence the name of hooligan. The purposes of this study is identifying linguistics form of the Hooligan Firm’s name in football club of Barclays Premiere League and is analyzing how the socio-cultural contexts relates to the Hooligan Firm’s name in football club of Barclays Premiere League. This research uses Cultural Discourse Analysis (CuDA) as the grand design of analytical framework. CuDA concerns with analyzing of the impact of the culture to language. The type of qualitative method for this research are content analysis and documentation is used to collect the data. The results of this research shows the linguistic forms of Hooligan Firm’s name are constructed by words, leading to nouns by inflectional  and  derivational  suffixes,  and  phrases,  leading to  Head  and  Modifier.  The cultural background of Hooligan Firm’s name comes from the nickname of the club, the police rules, and the social conditions of the members. It deals with the matter of masculinity to get power among others.
Size matters: Size Dependency of Gold Nanoparticles Interacting with Model Membranes
Authors: Contini Claudia , Hindley James W. , Macdonald Tom , Barritt Joseph , Ces Oscar , Quirke Nick
Published: November 2019

The rapid development of nanomaterials has led to an increase in the number and variety of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in the environment. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are an example of a commonly studied ENM whose highly tailorable properties have generated significant interest through a wide range of research fields. In the present work, we report the first qualitative as well as quantitative experimental characterisation of the AuNP-membrane interaction. We investigate the interactions between citrate-stabilised AuNPs (diameters 5, 10, 25, 35, 50, 60 nm) and large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) acting as a model membrane system. LUVs were prepared in two different formulations using 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1,2-dileoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). Our results show that the interaction between AuNPs and LUVs is size dependent; in particular, we reveal the existence of two AuNP’s critical diameters which determine the fate of AuNPs in contact with a lipid membrane. The results provide a new understanding of the size dependent interaction between AuNPs and lipid bilayers of direct relevance to nanotoxicology and to the design of NP vectors.
Fast and Quantitative Phospholipidomic Analysis of SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Cultures Using LC-MS/MS and 31P NMR
Authors: Jakubec Martin , Bariås Espen , Kryuchkov Fedor , Hjørnevik Linda Veka , Halskau Øyvind
Published: November 2019

Phospholipid quantification by 31P NMR and lipid separation and detection by LC-MS/MS. Fatty acid quantification using scripted reconstruction of elution profile for each fatty acid associated with each lipid species. The combination of NMR and and MS data is complementary and allows better quantification and more complete description than each approach would allow by itself. Datasets exists for both whole-cell and plasma membrane fraction, and we also describe and document the extraction techniques.
Investigation of hair growth promoting ability of herbal gel containing Zingiber officinale
Authors: Trivedi R.V  , Bansod P. G  , Taksande J. B  , Mahore J. G  , Tripurneni S. R  , Rai K. R  , Umekar M. J
Published: November 2019

In East Asia, Zingiber officinale has been used traditionally to stimulate hair growth. In the present investigation, extraction of the powdered rhizomes of Zingiber officinale was carried out using alcohol: water (1:1), water, and alcohol. Preliminary pharmacognostic evaluation of various phytoconstituents was done by various chemical tests. Obtained extracts were studied for their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The further herbal gel of 5% of extracts of Zingiber officinale and 5% minoxidil (standard) were prepared using carbopol 934 as a base. Prepared formulation (F1-F4) were evaluated for various parameters like pH, viscosity, spreadability, homogeneity, stability studies, drug content, in vitro release, skin irritation, and in vivo hair growth activity.  Amongst the prepared formulations, a gel containing hydroalcoholic extract (F1) showed better spreadability, homogeneity, optimum viscosity, nearly neutral pH, faster release, produced negligible erythema and edema, was stable at different temperature. It was found that gel (F1) showed better results on the length of the hair strand (28mm), which was nearly equivalent to the standard solution of minoxidil (25mm). Conclusively, the hydroalcoholic extract of Zingiber officinale could be used to improve hair growth.
TRAIL-induced variation of cell signaling states provides nonheritable resistance to apoptosis
Authors: Baskar Reema , Fienberg Harris G , Khair Zumana , Favaro Patricia , Kimmey Sam , Green Douglas R , Nolan Garry P , Plevritis Sylvia , Bendall Sean C
Published: November 2019

TNFα-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), specifically initiates programmed cell death, but often fails to eradicate all cells, making it an ineffective therapy for cancer. This fractional killing is linked to cellular variation that bulk assays cannot capture. Here, we quantify the diversity in cellular signaling responses to TRAIL, linking it to apoptotic frequency across numerous cell systems with single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF). Although all cells respond to TRAIL, a variable fraction persists without apoptotic progression. This cell-specific behavior is nonheritable where both the TRAIL-induced signaling responses and frequency of apoptotic resistance remain unaffected by prior exposure. The diversity of signaling states upon exposure is correlated to TRAIL resistance. Concomitantly, constricting the variation in signaling response with kinase inhibitors proportionally decreases TRAIL resistance. Simultaneously, TRAIL-induced de novo translation in resistant cells, when blocked by cycloheximide, abrogated all TRAIL resistance. This work highlights how cell signaling diversity, and subsequent translation response, relates to nonheritable fractional escape from TRAIL-induced apoptosis. This refined view of TRAIL resistance provides new avenues to study death ligands in general.
基于 Oracle Spatial与 Geodatabase的语义映射转换模型在地籍权属数据入库中的应用
Authors: 王 雪娇 , 宋 学山 , 柴 志勇 , 刘 金玉
Published: November 2019

分析 Oracle Spatial 和 Geodatabase 的空间数据模型，搭建 Oracle Spatial 向Geodatabase 的语义映射转换模型，并以某地地籍权属数据为例，结合 ArcGIS Engine 二次开发和 ADO.NET 数据库访问技术实现地籍权属数据的入库和加载。通过实验系统表明该语义映射转换模型能够实现点、线、面 Shapefile 格式的矢量数据向 Oracle Spatial 空间数据库的入库和加载。
Prevalencia del síndrome de burnout y su relación con el afrontamiento en profesionales de la salud de la zona 7
Authors: Ramírez Marina R. , Ontaneda Mercy P.
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo de investigación estuvo en función determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout y su relación con estrategias afrontamiento con una muestra de 142 médicos. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Cuestionario sociodemográfico [Ad hoc], Maslach Burnout Inventory [MBI] Maslach y Jackson (1986); y COPE-28 [Brief COPE] Carver (1997). En relación con la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout se identificó un 2.8%. Los altos niveles de agotamiento emocional fueron 25.8%, en despersonalización el puntaje alto fue de 17.6% y con una baja realización personal de 61.2%. Las estrategias de afrontamiento que presentaron una media mayor a 4.5 y una desviación estándar 1.9 fueron, replanteamiento positivo, aceptación, planificación y apoyo instrumental en cuanto a la correlación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento y el burnout existe un nivel de significancia alto con: autodistracción r(142)= -.147 p< 0.001, afrontamiento activo r( 142)= -.313 p< 0.001 desahogo r(142)= .208 p= 0.011, replanteamiento positivo r(142)= - .313 p< 0.001 y culpa r(142)=.179 p=0.029.
Gestión de las solicitudes de procalcitonina en el Laboratorio de Urgencias de Bioquímica
Authors: Rubio Sánchez Ricardo , Lepe Balsalobre Esperanza
Published: November 2019

La procalcitonina (PCT) es uno de los mejores marcadores diagnósticos de infección bacteriana. Los resultados de PCT mayores de 0,5 mg/L son indicativos de sepsis, relacionándose sus niveles con la gravedad y la mortalidad del cuadro infeccioso. Se analizaron todas las peticiones con solicitud conjunta de proteína C reactiva (PCR) y PCT durante el año 2017. En la mayoría de los casos, aunque la PCR era superior al punto de corte establecido, los valores de PCT eran inferiores a 0.5 mg/L. Los resultados demostraron que, si la determinación de la PCT se realizaba de forma exclusiva en aquellos pacientes con PCR superior o igual a 20 mg/L, se conseguía reclutar a todos los pacientes susceptibles de proceso séptico. Debido a esto, proponemos que la PCT no se realice si no existe una PCR superior a 20 mg/L, excepto en los casos en los que exista sospecha clínica de sepsis, en neonatos y en muestras procedentes de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos en las que la determinación se realizaría siempre. En los meses estudiados se deberían haber anulado el 21.53% de las solicitudes de PCT. Esto hubiera supuesto la no realización de pruebas innecesarias y un mejor uso de los recursos presentes en el Laboratorio de Urgencias de Bioquímica.
Pengenalan Plat Kendaraan Bermotor dengan Menggunakan Metode Template Matching dan Deep Belief Network
Authors: Michael Michael , Tanoto Frenky , Wibowo Eric , Lutan Frenky , Dharma Abdi
Published: November 2019

The license plate of the vehicle is unique and is only owned by one vehicle per vehicle plate series, to make it easier for the police, especially the traffic police, to track traffic violators through the vehicle number plate. The Deep Belief Network algorithm works by processing the dataset through 3 stages, where the first layer is trained, the results of the first layer are then re-trained, and the results of the second layer calculation are made into the third layer count, the mean results on the calculation of the third layer become the result of learning Deep Belief Network then with the Template Matching algorithm, Deep Belief Network is assisted with the introduction of vehicle plates. In a study conducted using the DBN algorithm with the Template Matching method succeeded in recognizing a vehicle plate with a success percentage of 80% from 20 trials. The experiments carried out included plates that were not clearly seen. Failures that occur in the trials are generally due to under- or over-lighting on the vehicle plate.
Perancangan Arsitektur Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi Menggunakan Togaf ADM (Studi Kasus Dinas Perhubungan Kota Balikpapan)
Authors: Ardiansyah Soleh , Setiorini Adani , Atrinawati Lovinta Happy , Fiqar Tegar Palyus
Published: November 2019

Utilization of information systems or technology in an organization is needed to improve organizational efficiency. This relates to the rapid development of information systems or technology that affect the ongoing business processes. The effectiveness is in the form of aligning business strategy with information system strategy and business transformation. However, the dilemma faced especially in Government agencies such as the Balikpapan City Department of Transportation is how to align business strategies and information systems strategies that will be used so as to achieve organizational goals.  Responding to the problem, it is necessary to align between the business needs of the organization and the needs of the application to support the vision and mission to be achieved by the Balikpapan City Department of Transportation. This can be achieved by using the framework of The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) which provides a detailed method of how to build, manage and implement an enterprise architecture known as the Architecture Development Method (ADM), hereafter referred to as TOGAF ADM. This research produces a mapping of business needs and application needs to support the vision and mission to be achieved through the information systems or technology architecture design including business architecture modeling, information system architecture, and technology architecture on the Balikpapan City Department of Transportation.
Local comparison of two sixth order solvers using only the first derivative
Authors: GEORGE Santhosh , ARGYROS İoannis K
Published: November 2019

Two efficient sixth order  solvers are compared involving Banach space valued operators. Earlier papers use hypotheses up to the seventh derivative that do not appear in the solver. But we use hypotheses only on the first derivative. Hence, we expand the applicability of these methods. We use examples to test the older as well as our results.
Artificial Consciousness as a Platform for Artificial General Intelligence
Authors: Kanai Ryota , Fujisawa Ippei , Tamai Shinya , Magata Atsushi , Yasumoto Masahiro
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we propose a hypothesis that consciousness has evolved to serve as a platform for general intelligence. This idea stems from considerations of potential biological functions of consciousness. Here we define general intelligence as the ability to apply knowledge and models acquired from past experiences to generate solutions to novel problems. Based on this definition, we propose three possible ways to establish general intelligence under existing methodologies for constructing AI systems, namely solution by simulation, solution by combination and solution by generation. Then, we relate those solutions to putative functions of consciousness put forward, respectively, by the information generation theory, the global workspace theory, and a form of higher order theory where qualia are regarded as meta-representations. Based on these insights, We propose that consciousness integrates a group of specialized generative/forward models and forms a complex in which combinations of those models are flexibly formed and that qualia are meta-representations of first-order mappings which endow an agent with the ability to choose which maps to use to solve novel problems. These functions can be implemented as an ``artificial consciousness''. Such systems can generate policies based on a small number of trial and error for solving novel problems. Finally, we propose possible directions for future research into artificial consciousness and artificial general intelligence.
Rumah Sakit
Authors: dwijayanto Bagas
Published: November 2019

PENJELASAN SOURCE CODEpublic class rumahSakit{ : public class adalah kelas yg bersifat luas atau bias diakses oleh saya sendiri maupun orang lain sedangkan rumahsakit adalah nama kelas yang saya buat. public static void main (String []args){public adalah sebuah statement yg bersifat public yang artinya bisa diakses oleh siapapun. static, yang berarti memiliki sifat yang sama disemua instant Class.Void, void merupakan suatu tipe data yang menyatakan bahwa deklarasi code tidak memerlukan nilai balik atau return. Pada kasus ini metode main tidak memerlukan sebuah nilai balik.main adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mengawali segala bentuk eksekusi pada program javaString sendiri adalah yang saya tau adalah sebuah tipe dataString[] args yang terdapat di dalam tanda kurung "()", bagian yang terdapat di dalam kurung tersebut disebut dengan parameter atau argument.IF dan ELSEIF dan ELSE ini dalam bahasa pemograman khususnya java merupakan percabangan atau biasa disebut dengan (jika) dimana satu opsi akan dijalankan sesuai dengan pilihan yang kita pilih ,jika perintah sesuai dengan IF tersebut maka akan dijalankan,dan jika tidak sesuai dengan perintah IF tersebut maka perintah tersebut menggunakan perintah ELSE.Sedangkan System.out.println sendiri adalah untuk menampilkan program yang kita sudah buatPerbedaanSystem.out.println dengan System.out.print jika System.out.println itu lebih tersusun per baris atau perline jika System.out.print sendiri tidak.
Επανορθωτικές Αναγνώσεις επί της Οικογένειας: Βιβλιοπαρουσίαση
Authors: KESISOGLOU GEORGIOS
Published: November 2019

Όταν εμφανίστηκε το καλοκαίρι του 2018 στις προθήκες το βιβλίο του Δημήτρη Παπανικολάου, αμέσως τράβηξε την προσοχή μου. Αυτή η έκφραση, «κάτι τρέχει με την οικογένεια», μαζί με τα προσδιοριστικά του τίτλου, «έθνος, πόθος και συγγένεια την εποχή της κρίσης» ήταν σαν ένα κάλεσμα για μένα, το οποίο απευθυνόταν σε διάφορες αμφιβολίες και ελλείψεις που αντιλαμβανόμουν αναφορικά με τη σύγχρονη θεωρία της οικογένειας στην Ελλάδα. «Κάτι τρέχει», που ξεφεύγει από τον αναλυτικό φακό μας. Ξεφυλλίζοντας το στο βιβλιοπωλείο, είδα με πολύ ενδιαφέρον ότι ο συγγραφέας δεν συζητούσε κλινικές περιπτώσεις ή τη βιβλιογραφία για την οικογένεια, αλλά σύγχρονα ‘πολιτισμικά κείμενα’, ταινίες, βιβλία, κλπ, οικεία σε μένα, που με είχαν αναστατώσει τα περισσότερα όταν τα είχα συναντήσει. Δεν μας γράφει από το χώρο των ψυ-επιστημών, αλλά από τις πολιτισμικές σπουδές και τη Νέα Ελληνική Φιλολογία, διδάσκοντας Νεοελληνική Λογοτεχνία στο κολέγιο St.Cross της Οξφόρδης από το 2004. Σε αυτή τη (εκτενή ίσως) δοκιμιακή βιβλιοπαρουσίαση, θα προσπαθήσω να αναδείξω γιατί το βιβλίο αξίζει να τύχει της προσοχής των επαγγελματιών που ασχολούνται με την οικογένεια, εκθέτοντας τις κύριες έννοιες-επιχειρήματα που εισάγει, καθώς και παρουσιάζοντας τη δομή των κεφαλαίων μέσα από τα κείμενα με τα οποία συνδιαλέγεται ο συγγραφέας. Στο τέλος παρατίθεται και μια βιβλιογραφία αυτών των πολιτισμικών κειμένων με σειρά αναφοράς.
ANALISIS RESIKO BAHAYA PRODUKSI BERDASARKAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN KERJAMENGGUNAKAN METODE HAZARD AND OPERABILITY (HAZOP)
Authors: HASLINDAH ANDI , Idrus Ilham , Pongsimpin Yeldi , Budicalista Randy
Published: November 2019

Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) merupakan upaya untuk menciptakan suasana bekerja yang aman, nyaman. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui risiko bahaya, dan tingkat risiko di lingkungan kerja bagian produksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, menggunakan metode Hazop (Hazard and Operability). Identifikasi bahaya dengan metode Hazop dilakukan berdasarkan alur proses produksi. Langkah selanjutnya setelah proses identifikasi adalah penilaian risiko pada masing-masing titik kajian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui terdapat risiko rendah, sedang, tinggi dan ekstrim. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan pembagian kuesioner kepada karyawan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan beberapa risiko dengan tingkat risiko seperti, mengganggu sistim pernapasan dengan risiko sedang, terbentur dengan risiko sedang, terpotong (terkena gerakan mesin) dengan risiko tinggi. Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: terdapat 11 sumber bahaya yang tergolong ekstrim, 31 sumber bahaya yang tergolong risiko tinggi, 109 sumber bahaya yang tergolong risiko sedang, dan 6 sumber bahaya yang tergolong rendah.
Overcoming limitations of the independent clusters model for CFA by means of Bayes-estimation and buffered simple structure
Authors: Beauducel André , Hilger Norbert
Published: November 2019

The model of buffered simple structure is discussed as a method for modeling cross-loadings in confirmatory factor analysis. This method introduces assumptions from item sampling theory into confirmatory factor analysis. The independent clusters model, buffered simple structure, and Bayes estimation were compared by means of a simulation study based on three different population types. Population type A had zero cross-loadings, population type B had symmetrically distributed nonzero cross-loadings, and population type C had asymmetrically distributed nonzero cross-loadings. It turned out for population A that, although the independent clusters model yields the best loading estimate, it did not outperform Bayes estimation and buffered simple structure with respect to the factor inter-correlation estimate and model fit. One reason for this unexpected result could be that the specification of zero-cross loadings is suboptimal even when only sampling error introduces some cross-loadings. For populations B and C Bayes estimation and buffered simple structure clearly outperformed the independent clusters model. Overall, the results indicate that depending on the structure of cross-loadings in the population and depending on the focus on loading estimates or factor inter-correlation estimates, different modeling approaches might be appropriate.
Cultural Barrier at the time of Menstruation: Perspective from Girl Students
Authors: Karki Tej Bahadur , Khadka Kalpana
Published: November 2019

Culture is man-made; one belief system originated with the human civilization. It has bounded the people within one common belief system. Culture determines the personality of people. Here, the main objective of this study is to find out the cultural barriers to girls at the time of menstruation. The study was conducted among the 120 girls of secondary level school. The study found that 50% girls reported that they were deprived to carry out the daily activities like cooking and fetching water and more than 80% girls shared that they were deprived to go in religious places at the time of menstruation. The result founds that still the cultural practices have created the stigma and discrimination towards the girls at the time of menstruation which has direct effect in their personal and professional growth and development as well as it has also significantly affected in the menstrual hygiene management. So, there is need of massive awareness program to society about the negative impact of harmful cultural practices related to menstruation.
Research: A Reliable Way to Reality
Authors: Bhattarai Anjana
Published: November 2019

The word itself tells us that re-search stands for an act of observing something repeatedly in order to find out some new information is research. Highlighting this fact Grinnell (1993) states:

The word research is composed of two syllables, re and search. The dictionary defines the former as a prefix meaning again, anew or over again and the latter as a verb meaning to examine closely and carefully, to test and try or to probe. Together they form a noun describing a careful, systematic, patient study and investigation in some field of knowledge undertaken to establish facts or principles. Research is a structured inquiry that utilises acceptable scientific methodology to solve problems and create new knowledge that is generally applicable (as cited in Kumar, 2005:7).
Clarification of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L.) Jand using Fining Agents
Authors: Karki D. B. , Kharel G. P.
Published: November 2019

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) was fermented using a defined fermentation starter to prepare millet jand (a traditional cereal-based alcoholic beverage). Millet jand was clarified using betonies, gelatin and tannin and the effect of bentonite on sensory and chemical characteristics were evaluated. Effects of holding time, temperature and jand acidity on clarification were also studied.

Addition of bentonite at the rate of 3 g/L resulted in the best clarification without significantly affecting (p>0.05) the chemical and organoleptic properties of the clarified jand, whereas tannin and tannin-gelatin combination showed a negative effect on clarification. Jand acidity and bentonite concentration had a significant effect (p<0.05) on clarification. Bentonite, when added to pasteurizedand gravity settled jand, showed an adverse effect on clarification. Holding of bentonite treated jand beyond 3 days at room temperature (29±1ºC) did not improve clarification. Similarly, holding of bentonite treated sample under refrigeration (5±1°C) did not improve clarity compared to room temperature held sample. It was concluded that bentonite could be a promising fining agent in the clarification of millet jand without sacrificing quality.
Efficiency of Low Cost Adsorbents for the Removal of Arsenic from Water
Authors: Pokhrel Megh Raj , Dhital Raghu Nath
Published: November 2019

Adsorption is one of the primary processes for removing arsenic from drinking water. This study focuses on developing inexpensive and effective adsorbents to remove arsenic from ground water. Eight different types of adsorbents were prepared. Some of these materials were chemically modified. The efficiency of percentage adsorption of arsenate, As (+III) on different materials were investigated at different pH, contact time and initial concentrations. Out of eight different types of adsorbents, the iron-loaded x ant hated orange waste (Fe-XOW) showed high efficiency for the removal of arsenic. It was found that approximately 83 % of arsenate, As (+III) and 87% of arsenate, As (+V) removal could be achieved at optimum pH of 10 and 4respectively. The significant effect of pH was in the range of 9 to12 for As (+III) and 3 to 5 for As (+V). Time dependency experiments for the arsenite uptake showed that the adsorption rate on Fe-XOW was fast initially for 1 hour, followed by slow attainment of equilibrium at 2.15 hour. Adsorption isotherm test showed that equilibrium adsorption data were better represented by Langmuir model than the Freundlich model and the maximum adsorption (qmax) for As (+III) onto Fe-XOW was found to be 53.47 mg/gm. The concentration of arsenic in water sample was determined by standard silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method (SDDC method).
Effectiveness of Social Studies Teaching in Schools
Authors: Ghimire Ram Kumar
Published: November 2019

This study tries to explore the effectiveness of teaching of social studies at school level. The study tries to portray those criteria that are illustrated indifferent books by different writers. Findings have been drawn on the basis of the answers to the focused questions. Problems found in the field as perceived by the respondents are presented along with further areas of research. Social studies is the studies of human beings and human relation and the relation with environment. It is necessary to provide knowledge to the students about where they are living. It is becoming more important in the contemporary world. So, the policy makers and the stakeholders have to be serious to improve its teaching by finding suitable measures.
Evaluation of Investment and Return in Informal Sector: A Case of Chitwan District
Authors: Dhakal Ramchandra
Published: November 2019

Developing counties, like Nepal is still in tense to maintain the level of political stability, economic growth, development, and employment which are the main issues in one side of the economy and on the other, the majority of the people find shelter in the informal sector in the absence of sluggish growing formal sector. Most of the people are engaged in informal economies that have created varying effects on them in terms of employment and income generations. The latter seems to be determined mainly by the household property, level of literacy, the number of persons employed in any unit and investment. However, there is no apparent differentiation in the income earnings between males and females, the latter seems to be more efficient and articulate in many ways. Income earnings have been higher in the urban location than that of the rural sector. Income level and the determining factors seem to vary among different location and sexes. This study tries to compare the nature and characteristics of informal sector both at national as well as international levels. The government must play effective policy as well as to uplift informal economy for the economic development as a whole. To identify the informal sector properly in Nepal, a national wide survey that covers overall aspects should be considered before taking any step.
An Econometric Analysis of Deficit Budget, Money Supply and Inflation in Nepal
Authors: Bhusal Tara Prasad
Published: November 2019

High money supply (M2) and high budget deficits (BD) both are equally responsible for higher rate of inflation. Moreover, inflationary pressure gets more momentum when money supply and budget deficits both increase together. The empirical evidence of Nepal also supports this hypothesis. Present paper re-examines this issue in the context of Nepal by using econometric analysis. The empirical results reveal that long run inflation is not only related with higher money supply but also to budget deficit. On the one hand, there is unidirectional causal relationship between money supply with inflation and similarly budget deficit with inflation. On the other, the supply of money has no causal connection with budget deficit. Hence the finding implies that both monetary and fiscal policies are important to control inflation in Nepal.
आठपहरिया राई जातिको लोकभूगोल: एक अध्ययन Aathpahariya Rai Jatiko Lokbhugol: Ek Adhyayan
Authors: खतिवडा Khatiwada शम्भुप्रसाद Shambhu Prasad
Published: November 2019

Not available.

उपलब्ध छैन .
Decomposition of Epistemology and Decision–
Making for the Era of Modern Management
Authors: Perić Marko , Krkač Kristijan , Volarević Hrvoje
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the authors describe the essential implications of epistemology for modern management theories in practical situations through the era of historical epistemology as postmodernism and neo–modernism by means of case studies (without individual detailed descriptions). The gender issue is mentioned in epistemology and its approach to change and strategy which renders the paper even more relevant. Moreover, scientific acknowledgement of practical stances, as also the moral paradigm, trigger discussion on applicable solutions in the corporate world for the intermediation of tangible and intangible goods and services. Three main areas of the business cycle are selected to represent three pillars of modern social–economic behaviour as our financial legacy in business and management transformation. In the last section of the paper are listed the reasons for narrow– picking, this being the first step in establishing a business model for a transformational strategy in the era of modern management.
Effects of ball burnishing on the surface quality of Al 7075 alloy
Authors: Cinar Cagan Suleyman , Baris Buldum Berat
Published: November 2019

The surface roughness of a part produced plays a critical role in influencing functional properties such as corrosion behavior, fatigue strength, and wear resistance. Therefore, it is very important to improve the surface roughness of Al 7075−T6 material, which is frequently used in the aerospace industry. For this reason, the finishing process, used to improve the surface quality of the parts in an easy, inexpensive and chipless manner, has recently become an interesting research topic. In this study, a ball burnishing apparatus was designed and experiments were carried out at different parameters (force, feed rate and number of passes) for the purpose of improving the surface quality of the parts. For the design of the experiments, the Taguchi method was used, thus saving time and cost savings and reducing the number of experiments required. Variance analysis (ANOVA) was performed and the effect contribution of the parameters on surface quality were obtained. As a result of the experiments, it was found that force, feed rate and the number of passes were important factors.
Trends in Lightweight Automotive Materials for Improving Fuel Efficiency and Reducing Carbon Emissions
Authors: Refiadi Gunawan , Aisyah Iis Siti , Siregar Januar Parlaungan
Published: November 2019

Depletion of fossil fuels and greenhouse gases is an essential issue in the development of the automotive industry. From the design stage, material selection becomes the most crucial factor. Therefore, this article discusses the development of lightweight automotive materials for increasing fuel efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. Material reliability is assessed by how much weight reduction can be achieved, production costs, safety and durability. Ferro materials (mild steel, High Strength Steel, and Advanced High Strength Steel), non-ferrous (aluminium and magnesium alloy), and Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) have been proven to reduce the total weight of vehicles up to 12.6%. Confirmation of statistical data from the literature illustrates the possibility of using lightweight material to achieve zero CO2 emission. In addition, the 12.6% weight reduction still meets the vehicle safety factor.
Executive District Officers (Education) and Quality Assurance at Secondary Level in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Nazak Nazneen , Asghar Muhammad Aslam , Javed Tariq
Published: November 2019

Quality of education furnishes learners to develop intellectual capabilities, knowledge, skills and to contribute information of respectful, enlightened and peaceful democratic societies in order to uplift the sustainable well-being of individuals. The aim of secondary education is to build individual intellectual capabilities. There have been no serious and integrated efforts to develop an effective system of quality assurance for secondary education though, certain efforts have been made to improve certain aspects of school education. The aim of the article is to collect the opinion of Executive District Officers (EDOs) about quality assurance in education in the area of teachers and learners at secondary level. The research instrument was developed, validated through experts in the field of education, and reliability (internal consistency) was found through SPSS. Results of this study showed that teachers had mastery over the subject but did not have competency in pedagogical skills
Effect of Teaching Reading Strategies on the Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Shakoor Malik Abdul , Khan Muhammad Ilyas , Majoka Muhammad Imran Iqbal
Published: November 2019

Reading is an important tool for getting access to information which provides a base to the learning process. Comprehension is a basic pre-requisite for reading to be meaningful. Various reading strategies have been associated with better reading comprehension. The current experimental study conducted in the Pakistani context explored the effect of teaching reading strategies on reading comprehension of students in the subject of English at the higher secondary school level. The experimental pretest-posttest equivalent research design was adopted to conduct the study. The sample consisted of 60 higher secondary school students of a private girls college in Mansehra, Pakistan. Findings indicate that teaching reading strategies have a positive impact on the reading comprehension of students at the higher secondary level. The study has important implications for teachers, students, curriculum planners, policymakers in the field of education and school leaders.
Financial Management Competence of Selected and Promoted School Heads: A Demographic Comparison
Authors: Fatima Zunaira , Shahzadi Uzma , Shah Ashfaque
Published: November 2019

This study intended comparing the financial management competence of selected and promoted school principals (heads). It was quantitative and comparative in nature. The population was principals of government high schools in Upper Punjab. Purposive sampling technique was applied for sampling the size of 213 school heads from district Sahiwal. A selfdeveloped questionnaire comprising 34 items was used to collect data. The reliability of the questionnaire was found to be .82. Data were analyzed using advanced statistics using SPSS. The study established that school heads have awareness planning procedures and implementation processes but school heads are not confident to coordinate with stakeholders in financial matters of school. The significant difference appeared in financial management competence of promoted and selected school heads and males and females school principals. It was recommended that financial management orientation and training may be arranged for school heads of public secondary schools to improve their financial management competence.
HOW TO POVERTY AND CONTRIBUTIONS FOR TOURISM IN WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Triani Mike
Published: November 2019

How the Influence the tourism sector contributes to poverty in the province of West Sumatra. The data used is secondary data from the combination of time series and cross section from 2015 to 2017, with documentation from collection institutions and agencies. The research methods used are: (1) Fixed Effect Analysis (FEM), (2) Classical Assumption Test . The regional income from the tourism sector contributes to the reduction of poverty in the province of West Sumatra but is not significant. (2) The number of hotels in the province of West Sumatra. (3) Micro small and medium enterprises contributing to the poverty reduction in the province of West Sumatra but is not significant. (4) The regional revenue of the tourism sector, the number of hotel rooms, and the micro and small enterprises together has a significant contribution to poverty in the province of West Sumatra.
Eigenproduktion von Erklärvideos in der Lehramtsausbildung der beruflichen Fachrichtung Ernährung und Hauswirtschaft
Authors: Gitter Markus
Published: November 2019

Der gesellschaftliche Megatrend der Digitalisierung macht ein Umdenken eingefahrener und traditioneller Strukturen von Lehr-/Lernszenarien notwendig und unumgänglich. Erklärvideos sind zum festen Bestandteil der Lernkultur junger Menschen geworden und beeinflussen Rezipierende oftmals unbewusst. Die Relevanz der Eigenproduktion von Erklärvideos für das Berufsfeld und die berufliche Fachrichtung Ernährung und Hauswirtschaft wird in diesem Beitrag aufgezeigt.
An overview of the NFAIS Conference: Artificial intelligence: Finding its place in research, discovery, and scholarly publishing
Authors: Lawlor Bonnie
Published: November 2019

This paper offers an overview of the highlights of the NFAIS Conference, Artificial Intelligence: Finding Its Place in Research, Discovery, and Scholarly Publishing, that was held in Alexandria, VA from May 15–16, 2019. The goal of this conference was to explore the application and implication of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across all sectors of scholarship. Topics covered were, among others: the amount of data, computing power, and the technical infrastructure required for AI and Machine Learning (ML) processes; the challenges to building effective AI and ML models; how publishers are using AI and ML in order to improve discovery and the overall user search experience; what libraries and universities are doing to foster an awareness of AI in higher education; and an actual case study of using AI and ML in the development of a recommendation engine. There was something for everyone.
Early fortification of enteral feedings for infants <1250 grams birth weight receiving a human milk diet including human milk based fortifier
Authors: Huston Robert , Lee Martin , Rider Evelyn , Stawarz Melissa , Hedstrom Dawn , Pence Melissa , Chan Vera , Chambers Jessica , Rogers Stefanie , Sager Nadine , Riemann Laurie , Cohen Howard
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND:

An exclusive human milk diet (EHM) including fortification with a human milk-based fortifier has been shown to decrease the occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) but growth velocity may be less for infants receiving EHM compared to a bovine diet.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to determine if growth is improved by earlier fortification of breast milk for preterm infants supported with a human milk based fortifier.

STUDY DESIGN:

A multi-center retrospective cohort study of the outcomes of infants of 500– 1250 g birth weight whose breast milk feedings were fortified at >60 mL/kg/day (late) versus <60 mL/kg/day (early) of enteral feeding volume.

RESULTS:

Median±IQR range for gestational age (27.6±3.4 vs 27.0±2.9 weeks, p = 0.03) and chronic lung disease (CLD: 42.6 vs 27.6%, p = 0.008) were higher, and weight gain (12.9±2.6 vs 13.3±2.6 g/kg/day, p = 0.03) was lower in the late (N = 102) vs the early (N = 292) group. Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis found that early fortification was associated with improved growth velocity for weight ( p = 0.007) and head circumference (HC) ( p = 0.021) and less negative changes in z-scores for weight ( p = 0.022) and HC ( p = 0.046) from birth to discharge. Adjusted multiple logistic regression found that early fortification was associated with decreased occurrence of CLD ( p = 0.004). No other outcomes, including NEC, were associated with early versus late fortification.

CONCLUSION:

The study results suggested that early HM fortification appears to positively affect growth for infants whose human milk feedings are fortified with a human milk based fortifier without adverse effects. The incidence of CLD was also reduced in the early fortification group.
我院后勤基建项目造价管理方面的问题及对策
Authors: 魏 文韬
Published: November 2019

随着我院对后勤基建项目的逐步的重视,对保障科研条件的后勤基建项目逐步增多,投资经费逐渐升高,其中对后勤基建项目的工程造价管理是个重点,也是难点。本文针对工程项目全生命周期内的各个阶段,结合我院在各阶段实施过程中存在的问题,提出了对造价管理的控制对策,以便找出有效的解决办法,充分提高我院后勤基建项目的经济效益和社会效益,创造出更加有利的科研办公环境。
氮肥后移对大豆产量影响
Authors: 王 维利
Published: November 2019

氮肥后移是将施用氮肥的时期和施用量重点放在了大豆关键生育中期,以满足大豆对氮素的需求,本试验在大豆总氮量用量相同的前提下,对氮肥施用时期及施用量进行试验,筛选出最佳施肥方法为深施普通尿素30%+缓释尿素60%+结荚期叶面追氮10%。
优化水稻种植技术提高水稻种植效益探究
Authors: 张 春莉
Published: November 2019

目前,我国在农业方面取得了很大的进步,其中推动农业发展最关键的一点就是农业生产的技术越来越先进。在农业生产方面,我国属于大国,所以需要将更多的注意力放在种植技术创新的部分。水稻在我国是重要的农作物之一,因为它的种植技术越先进,人们获得的好处会越多,国家也会因此而安定,所以人们给予了更多的注意力。因此,想要在种植方面获取更多的利益,就要在水稻种植技术方面不断进行的创新和完善,同时也会提高国家经济能力。
加快农业产业化促进农业经济发展的有效措施
Authors: 夏 子团
Published: November 2019

我国是一个典型的农业大国,在当前社会发展水平全面提升背景下,要想全面帮助农村地区实现良好发展,就更需要推动农村地区的产业化发展。换言之,农村产业化发展直接关系着我国农村发展的全局性和方向性,在实现农村地区产业化发展的同时,更好的解决群众就业问题,在提升农村地区经济消费能力的基础上,为农民群众的素质提升奠定良好基础。基于此,本文就将对农业产业化促进农村经济发展的相关问题展开研究,希望通过相关对策的探究为这项工作的开展提供有效帮助。
活性炭纤维治理大气污染的性能及机理研究
Authors: 周 静
Published: November 2019

经济社会迅猛发展的同时,生态环境遭受了不同程度上的污染和破坏,大气污染作为一种典型的污染问题,近些年来城市雾霾问题十分严重,空气质量下降,由于空气污染患病的人数也在逐年增长,极大的威胁到人类社会的可持续发展。对于大气污染问题的治理,采用活性炭纤维方式,其优势较为突出,微孔结构发达、比表面积大、孔径小,可以吸附空气中的细小灰尘,大气污染治理效果较为突出,值得更加广泛推广和应用。本文就大气污染治理中采用活性炭纤维,探究活性炭纤维治理方法的性能和机理,促使治理方法持续改进和完善。
废水检测中的误差产生原因及改善措施
Authors: 李 季东 , 闫 家望
Published: November 2019

在实际的水质检测过程中,为避免检测过程中出现的误差,必须要通过检测数据和测试信息以及误差之间的差异来确定误差原因,也是解决问题的关键。本篇文章主要对废水水质检测中产生误差的种类和原因进行了研究,并总结了关于这方面问题的有效解决方法。
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ ФІНАНСУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПОСЛУГ В ОБ’ЄДНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАДАХ
Authors: Obushnyi Sergiy , Yakovenko Ihor
Published: November 2019

У роботі розкрито сутність та економічний зміст категорії соціальне замовлення як засобу регулювання фінансової діяльності соціальних послуг в об’єднаних територіальних громадах (далі – ОТГ). Розглянуто переваги та недоліки програмно-цільового методу фінансування соціальних послуг об’єднаних територіальних громад для можливості подальшого його застосування в практиці бюджетного планування.
Проаналізовано один із ефективних засобів, що використовується об’єднаними територіальними громадами при наданні соціальних послуг, соціальне замовлення та запропоновано деякі рекомендації, використання яких, відкриває кращі можливості ефективного використання державних коштів недержавними організаціями при наданні соціальних послуг громадянам, що опинились у складних життєвих обставинах.
При дослідженні виявлено, що система соціального замовлення може сприяти розвитку підприємницької активності в регіонах. В разі його широкого застосування виникає зацікавленість у жителів долучатись до цього виду діяльності, створювати підприємницькі структури або набувати статусу приватних підприємців. Це сприяє розширенню зайнятості, підвищенню кваліфікації та перекваліфікації, розвитку бізнес– клімату, стимулює розвиток громадянського суспільства шляхом його участі в процесі соціального замовлення та взяття на себе соціальної відповідальності.
Визначено, що для надання соціального замовлення на реальних конкурсних засадах, потрібно забезпечити абсолютну рівність надавачів послуг − державних, комунальних, приватних, громадських, релігійних, фізичних осіб тощо. А це можливе тільки за умови автономізації комунальних закладів, переходу їх у статус комунальних підприємств, що треба передбачити в новому законі про соціальні послуги.