bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deficiencia visual cerebral. ¿Cuánto y cómo ve mi hijo?
Authors: Santos Plaza Carlos Manuel
Published: July 2019

La deficiencia visual cerebral, CVI, es la principal causa de discapacidad visual en la infancia. Los niños con CVI presentan una lesión cerebral o malformación que causa la disfunción de las radiaciones ópticas y/o corteza visual, aunque también puede estar afectado el sistema ocular. La alteración de los canales y/o los centros de interpretación de la información visual producen una serie de comportamientos visuales específicos, aparentemente cambiantes y contradictorios, difíciles de comprender. Los padres de estos niños necesitan algo más que información. Con frecuencia los familiares se encuentran desorientados al no saber cómo pueden ayudar mejor a sus hijos, y en demasiadas ocasiones reciben instrucciones contradictorias. Es necesario hacerles entender que la lesión cerebral es la causante de las conductas visuales atípicas y a veces desconcertantes, y que en muchas ocasiones esos comportamientos tienen su explicación. Un equipo multidisciplinar del Centro de Recursos Educativos de la ONCE en Madrid (Oftalmólogo, Psicólogo, Técnico de Rehabilitación y Maestro), decidió realizar durante el curso 2017/18 una jornadas para que los padres de estos alumnos conozcan las características diferenciales de la deficiencia visual cerebral, con especial atención a sus repercusiones funcionales, con el objetivo de intentar que entiendan mejor los comportamientos visuales de sus hijos y las prácticas que pueden ayudar a mejorar su eficiencia visual. Este curso se ha repetido la experiencia y, se ha ampliado con unas jornadas específicas para profesionales de la Educación de la Comunidad de Madrid, comprobándose lo necesario de esta formación al haberse recibido más de un centenar de inscripciones.
Eficacia de un programa para el desarrollo del pensamiento formal en estudiantes de 9° de un colegio público del departamento del Magdalena
Authors: Anaya García Claudina Esther , Plata Maryluz Gómez , Paba Barbosa Carmelina
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia del programa psicoeducativo para la estimulación y desarrollo del pensamiento formal N.A.P diseñado por Núñez, Anaya y Prieto (2014) en estudiantes de 9° de un colegio público del departamento del Magdalena.

Método: Es un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, con un diseño cuasiexperimental antes y después, con un grupo control no equivalente; la muestra estuvo conformada por 48 estudiantes de 13 a 17 años, 25 de sexo masculino y 23 de sexo femenino, seleccionados a través de un muestreo no probabilístico intencional. 27 estudiantes hicieron parte del grupo experimental y fueron sometidos al programa durante 5 meses con una intensidad de una hora semanal; mientras los 21 alumnos del grupo control no fueron intervenidos. La eficacia del programa se determinó por medio de la prueba TOLT (Tobín & Capie, 1981).

Resultados: Mediante el estadístico T de Student se halló un valor 0,003 menor del margen de error, indicando variaciones significativas entre el pre-test y pos-test del grupo experimental, y en el grupo control no hubo ninguna significancia, lo que indica que el programa tuvo éxito en la estimulación del pensamiento formal.

Conclusión: Los hallazgos de la investigación demostraron la eficacia del programa para el desarrollo del pensamiento formal, en el pos-test del grupo experimental el 38 % de estudiantes se ubicaron en transición y el 3 % en el nivel formal; en el grupo control el 100 % de estudiantes antes y después se ubicaron en el nivel concreto. Además, las habilidades potenciadas con las actividades del programa fueron la proporcionalidad y correlación, por tanto puede ser de utilidad en la academia para estimular este tipo de pensamiento.
Düşük Maliyetli İHA ile Yüksek Çözünürlüklü SYM Üretimi
Authors: DERELI Mehmet Ali , POLAT Nizar , UYSAL Murat
Published: June 2019

Günümüzde
İnsansız Hava Araçları (İHA'lar) pek çok uygulamada farklı amaçlar için yaygın
olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak faydaları, dijital kamera, GPS veya lazer
tarayıcı gibi ekipmanların entegrasyon yetenekleri nedeniyle tamamen tespit
edilememektedir. Bu çalışmanın ana konusu Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
Kampüsü’nde Sayısal Yüzey Modeli (SYM) üretimi yoluyla coğrafi konumlu
kameralar için entegre İHA'ların performansının değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaçla
5 yer kontrol noktası ve 12 kontrol noktası işaretlenmiş ve RTK ile
incelenmiştir. Daha sonra bir fotogrametrik uçuş planı gerçekleştirilmiş ve 120
m'lik bir yükseklikten, 274 hava fotoğrafları % 80'lik bir bindirme oranı ile
çekilmiştir. Görüntü işlemeden sonra, 50 cm piksel boyutuna sahip yüksek
çözünürlüklü bir SYM üretilmiş ve SYM'nin doğruluğu 5 cm olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Çalışmanın sonucu olarak, İHA Fotogrametrisi ile gerçekleştirilen harita
üretimi, araştırma ve diğer bazı mühendislik uygulamalarında düşük maliyet,
zaman tasarrufu ve minimum saha çalışmasının avantajları ile birlikte
kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
Adquisición y evaluación de datos geométricos de macizos rocosos a partir de imágenes tridimensionales para su uso en análisis geotécnicos
Authors: Peñuela J L , Beltrán-Calvo Gloria Inés , Hernández-Carrillo Rodrigo
Published: July 2019

En este artículo, se evalúa la aplicación de una herramienta de adquisición remota para el muestreo y la medición de propiedades de las discontinuidades en macizos rocosos, basado en la toma e interpretación de imágenes tridimensionales. Metodológicamente, se integra un amplio plan experimental tanto en campo como en laboratorio computacional, para recopilar datos estructurales tales como la orientación, la persistencia y espaciamiento de discontinuidades presentes en un macizo rocoso tomado como caso de estudio. Paralelamente, se llevó a cabo un intenso trabajo de toma de datos en campo por metodologías convencionales de brújula y cinta, con fines comparativos y de validación estadística. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer las ventajas del uso de técnicas no convencionales, en términos de calidad y cantidad de información, así como de eficiencia en términos del tiempo requerido para el levantamiento de información en campo. Mediante el análisis semiautomático de imágenes tridimensionales se logró el mapeo geológico y la caracterización de discontinuidades para fines geotécnicos, constituyéndose en una herramienta poderosa con gran potencial de uso en proyectos viales y mineros en el medio colombiano.
Enhanced RC5 Algorithm using Parallel Computing for Communication Networks
Authors: Cevallos Salas David Fabián
Published: July 2019

One of the main disadvantages of symmetric key algorithms in compar-ison with asymmetric key ones is their lower security level due to theirshorter key length. Indeed, increasing the number of bits that conformsthe key used by a symmetric cryptography algorithm will increase its se-curity level with a cost on its performance. Expanding a key in symmetriccryptography is not an easy task due to algorithms are designed to workwith keys of a fixed maximum length. This paper presents an alterna-tive design of the RC5 cryptography algorithm with an enhanced securitylevel achieved through a key expansion mechanism with Parallel Comput-ing processing. Although the design was created for the RC5 algorithmthe main idea might be applied to other block cipher algorithms applyingthe same criteria. This methodology makes feasible to obtain a robustsymmetric key algorithm implemented in software with an acceptable per-formance in comparison with other techniques such as implementations inhardware, reduction in the amount of data, improvements in the key ex-change process, advanced high performance computing, and many otherstechniques
Motor Abilities: Peculiarities of Strength and Strength Endurance Development in Middle-School-Aged Girls in a 4-Week Physical Training Cycle
Authors: Veremeenko V. Yu.
Published: July 2019

The study purpose was to develop a technology of programming for strength and strength endurance development in middle-school-aged girls in a 4-week physical training cycle.

Materials and methods. The study participants were girls of 6th grade (n = 23), 7th grade (n = 20), 8th grade (n = 27). The paper used analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and methods of mathematical statistics for processing research results. The study materials were processed by the IBM SPSS 23 statistical analysis software. The following parameters were calculated: arithmetic mean (X); standard deviation (s). The probability of difference in statistical indicators was estimated using the Student’s t-test. Results. The analysis of the study results demonstrated that after using a combined method of strength development (1–6 classes), the experimental group girls showed a statistically significant improvement in results in the set of tests (p < 0.05). After using a circuit training method (7–12 classes), the experimental group girls also showed a statistically significant improvement in results in the set of tests (p < 0.05). During the experiment, the 6th-8th grade girls of the control group showed no statistically significant improvement in test results for most parameters (p > 0.05).

Conclusions. When using the combined method of strength development (1–6 classes) and the circuit training method (7–12 classes) in a 4-week physical training cycle, the middle-school-aged girls showed positive dynamics of strength and strength endurance development of shoulder muscles, abdominal and back muscles, leg muscles.
Does Communicative Language Teaching Help Develop Students’ Competence in Thinking Critically?
Authors: Winch Junko
Published: June 2019

Critical thinking is one of the non-subject related learning goals which students are expected to develop in British education. Undergraduate students are offered to study language through the Institution-Wide Language Programme (IWLP) in the UK and most language teachers use Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). Paying attention to these two facts, this study investigates if CLT helps develop students’ critical thinking. Using Hofstede et al.’s educational culture as a framework, the underlying pedagogies for both CLT and critical thinking were identified and the similarities and differences are compared. It was concluded that CLT helps to develop students’ critical thinking as it shares with critical thinking pedagogies and elements of an educational culture. However, the pedagogy of independence was not shared. It is suggested that language teachers should give students the opportunity to think for themselves during class in order to encourage students’ independence using CLT.
Evaluation of sodium deoxycholate as solubilization buffer for oil palm proteomics analysis v2
Authors: Lau Benjamin , Othman Abrizah
Published: July 2019

Protein solubility is a critical prerequisite to any proteomics analysis. Combination of urea/thiourea and 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS) have been routinely used to enhance protein solubilization for oil palm proteomics studies in recent years. The goals of these proteomics analysis are essentially to complement the knowledge regarding the regulation networks and mechanisms of the oil palm fatty acid biosynthesis. Through omics integration, the information is able to build a regulatory model to support efforts in improving the economic value and sustainability of palm oil in the global oil and vegetable market. Our study evaluated the utilization of sodium deoxycholate as an alternative solubilization buffer/additive to urea/thiourea and CHAPS. Efficiency of urea/thiourea/CHAPS, urea/CHAPS, urea/sodium deoxycholate and sodium deoxycholate buffers in solubilizing the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis var. Tenera) mesocarp proteins were compared. Based on the protein yields and electrophoretic profile, combination of urea/thiourea/CHAPS were shown to remain a better solubilization buffer and additive, but the differences with sodium deoxycholate buffer was not significant. Furthermore, a deeper mass spectrometric and statistical analyses on the identified proteins and peptides from all the evaluated solubilization buffers revealed that sodium deoxycholate had similar efficiency in solubilizing proteins from oil palm mesocarps. However, it was worth to note that observed limitations to the application of sodium deoxycholate in protein solubilization were the interference with protein quantitation and only 70% of the total identified proteins were shared between the buffers. The former limitation could be rectified through a 4-fold dilution but further works are needed to determine the importance of the remaining 30% unique proteins. All the proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013255. In conclusion, sodium deoxycholate is applicable in the solubilization of proteins extracted from oil palm mesocarps to an efficiency level comparable to that of urea/thiourea/CHAPS buffer.
UP: IO: Small protocol with all content PikaPoka 3983 v1
Authors: Darja Darja
Published: July 2019

Protocol Repository and Exporting Once protocols are created, they can be exported for use in other sciNote projects and/or copied directly to the sciNote Protocol Repository, where they are versioned and accessible to designated users. Exporting a Protocol Exporting a protocol saves it in a place of your choosing as a proprietary ".eln" file, which can be opened by sciNote. It is useful if you want to share it with other sciNote users specifically (the repository only allows you to designate access to either all other users or no other users), especially if they are not users of your particular sciNote app.
UP: IO: Small protocol with all content PikaPoka 3983 9898 ohne step file v1
Authors: Darja Darja
Published: July 2019

Protocol Repository and Exporting Once protocols are created, they can be exported for use in other sciNote projects and/or copied directly to the sciNote Protocol Repository, where they are versioned and accessible to designated users. Exporting a Protocol Exporting a protocol saves it in a place of your choosing as a proprietary ".eln" file, which can be opened by sciNote. It is useful if you want to share it with other sciNote users specifically (the repository only allows you to designate access to either all other users or no other users), especially if they are not users of your particular sciNote app.
TRANSFORMASI PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN PENGALAMAN PENGGUNAAN TIK MELALUI BLENDED LEARNING
Authors: Rahmi Ulfia , Azrul Azrul
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses transformasi pembelajaran calon pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan masa depan melalui penerapan blended learning sebagai upaya untuk mengoptimalkan implementasi kurikulum berbasis ICT. Masalah yang terjadi adalah kurang relevannya kegiatan pembelajaran calon pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan di perguruan tinggi dengan keadaan dan kebutuhan lapangan saat ini dan masa depan. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 32 mahasiswa yang terdaftar pada mata kuliah Teori Belajar dan Pembelajaran. Data dikumpulkan melalui: 1) observasi terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran dan tugas-tugas setiap pertemuan baik langsung maupun virtual, dan 2) wawancara dengan mahasiswa yang mengikuti perkuliahan tersebut. Kemudian data tersebut dianalisis secara kualiitatif deskriptif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terjadi transformasi pembelajaran bagi calon tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan melalui blended learning. Blended learning menciptakan interaktivitas pembelajaran yang tinggi sehingga calon tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan memiliki pengalaman belajar terutama menggunakan ICT selama mahasiswa diberikan kesempatan yang luas untuk terlibat secara aktif.
PRIMARY SCHOOL SYSTEM IN JAVA BEFORE AND UNDER JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1940-1944)
Authors: Ramli Murni
Published: July 2019

Primary School before and during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia has not been studied comprehensively due to the paucity of authentic data. The Japanese military document called ‘Jawa ni okeru bunkyō no gaikyō’ has served as an important source in this field. This study analyzes the alteration of primary school and its re-establishment process following the example of the educational system employed in imperial Japan. The number of primary schools has been reported to decline dramatically - either the number of schools or that of the students. However, we[who?] found that the number of primary schools did not significantly decrease, and, even more, the number of students increased in Java. One teacher two classes system and the one room two classes were introduced in response to the teacher shortage. The curriculum had been Japanisized through introducing new subjects such as Japanese language, spirit/mental education, physical education and vocational activities. Japanese primary school emphasizes practical education unlike the Dutch system which merely fosters and nurtures the academic side.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF HISTORICAL THINKING AND SKILLS IN THE TEACHING OF HISTORY IN THE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Hasan Said Hamid
Published: July 2019

The present study analyses history education as it is in curriculum document of senior secondary school. The curriculum document is a part of content standard document which is officially announced by Minister of National Education Regulation number 22 year 2005. This official document contains amongst others curriculum structure, competency standards and basic competency. Two major questions this study asks are (1) what is the concept of history education stipulated in curriculum document?, and (2) how far the existing curriculum provides possibilities for the development of historical thinking and skills?  The questions are answered by analysing the document. Considering the characteristic of curriculum document which is an official document and all ideas are planned strictly and clearly written, the analysis uses logical analysis approach where the two research questions serve as analysis framework. The result shows that the exisiting curriculum conceived history education as a scientific discipline education. Also, the curriculum provides an ample opportunity to develop historical thinking and skills. Design used by the curriculum is concecutive design for the development of thinking and learning skills.  It concluded that the concept of history education as a scientific discipline education is appropriate considering the objective of senior secondary education to prepare the students for university education. The study also suggests teachers of history to implement integrated design for the development of historical thinking and skills as an alternative to consecutive design.
THE ACQUISITION OF CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF HISTORICAL THINKING IN THE CONTEXT OF MULTI ETHNIC STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ahmad Abdul Razaq
Published: July 2019

This study related to previous studies emphasizing the importance of conceptual understanding towards the improvement of the historical thinking process. It was aimed at finding out how ethnical elements influence the acquisition of students’ conceptual understanding in history as well as observing the differences and the correlation between multi-ethnic students’ conceptual understanding level and the historical thinking aspects. This study was a survey study using instruments of tests and interviews with students based on stratified sampling taken from the whole Malay Peninsula comprising four zones of North Zone (21.9%), South Zone (22.1%), Central Zone (34.0%) and East Zone (22.0%). The rating scale for conceptual understanding and historical thinking was excellent, good, fair, and poor. The test items used within the test were based on the curriculum of history for Sekolah Menengah Tingkatan Empat (Form Four of Secondary School) including early civilization, South East civilization, Islamic civilization and European civilization. Theories from experts were considered in the composition of test items and in order to ensure the reliability of the result. Interviews were also conducted to get teachers’ response to the teaching of conceptual understanding and historical thinking. Six teachers were chosen for the interview. the data shows that students’ conceptual understanding level was fair in general (mean=3.07, s.p = 1.103) where the historical thinking was poor (mean = 1.94, s.p = 0.834). Students’ conceptual understanding level will affect their thinking ability and analysis towards the subject matter. Malay students were different significantly in conceptual understanding and history thinking from the Chinese and Indian ones. The clarity of instruction showed a high correlation with conceptual understanding while learning activities showed a high correlation with historical thinking.
REFORMATION IN LEARNING HISTORY
Authors: Suranto -
Published: July 2019

Learning history in school have benefit for life and for the nation and state itself. Learning history can evoke a sense of history and national consciousness, but the reality that there is less functional and even become a boring subject. Various reformation efforts have been made, but has not shown significant result, therefore, necessary reforms. These reforms were carried out with a systemic reform, changing the mindset about learning the history and unite the steps of all parties concerned, including decision makers. Renewal in learning the history of applied learning model that develops students intellectually. Through this model of learning is expected to be more attractive and functioning properly.
INNOVATIONS OF HISTORY EDUCATION IN THE HIGH SCHOOLS, ICSS, MALAYSIA
Authors: Salleh Mohamad Johdi , Ayudin Ahmad Rafaai
Published: July 2019

European and Asian developed countries consider History as the main subject in elementary and high schools curriculum, which is professionally reinforced in higher education. This consideration is intended to ensure that people respect leader and community contribution to maintain and develop excellences of civilization in this country. One way or another, the position of some social science subjects, including history, in today’s education system are more challenged by foremost priority over sophisticated physical technology. Although it is considered as a central subject to take by high school students, its position will become vulnerable with loads of critics directed by those involved in the learning and teaching process, i.e. the students. Therefore, this paper focuses on discussion about the implementation of learning and teaching process of history from the aspects of philosophy, objectivity, the excellence of ’little historian’, principles, values and citizenship. Moreover, this paper presents the results of brief analysis towards Form Four and Form Five students in Gombak and Rawang, Selangor, Malaysia. It is expected that the presentation of this paper will produce an outcome in the objectivity of integrated, quality and professional curriculum of history, especially to develop a country in this globalization era on the basis of creativity and innovation of historical education.
THE INFLUENCE OF HYPERTEXT-BASED HISTORY TEACHING METHOD TOWARDS THE INCREASE OF HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Arif Muhamad
Published: July 2019

This study was aimed at gaining a comprehensive overview of the influence of hypertext-based history teaching method towards the increase of historical concept understanding. The method used in the study was experimental method, i.e. through non – equivalent control group design (pre-test and post-test). Some points were concluded from the data collected within the study. First, the implemented hypertext-based history teaching model had affected learning activities to focus more on mental activities (thinking process). The whole teaching learning activities benefitted the students a wide chance to study, observe, compose, deliver the questions, answer them, consider others’ view, discuss questions by relating them with textual concepts, and make conclusion together. Second, the hypertext-based history teaching model test showed was proved to that the influence the increase of historical concept mastery was increased by n gain of 0.5 at the experimental class, 0.4 at the control class, with significance value of 0.00 and α = 0.05
STUDENT’S LEARNING INTEREST AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN HISTORY LESSON
Authors: Suhartini Dewi
Published: July 2019

The research is experimental study of senior high school students in Bogor focuses on the use of e-learning in teaching history and aimed at investigating whether there is any improvement in the student’s interest and learning outcomes in history lesson on the students who learn by e-learning, compared to those who learn by traditional method. Nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control group design is used in conducting the research. The population is the senior high school students in Bogor. The result shows that the students who learn history by e-learning achieved higher degree than those who do not learn using e-learning method, statistically significant at p<0.05. Furthermore, the score of the students learning outcomes for those who learned through e-learning is significantly improved, compared to those who do not learn using e-learning, statistically significant at p<0.05. The social economy status is not significantly correlated to the students’ interest and the students’ history learning outcomes. In fact, the students’ skill in using computer showed a significant correlation to the students’ interest and out come at p<0.05. It was concluded that the use of e-learning in teaching history is significantly affecting the students’ interest in learning history and the student learning outcomes.
NATIONAL INTEGRATION AND ITS PROCESS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mulyoto -
Published: July 2019

National Integration covers the arrangement of culture, territory, power, value and behaviour. Basically, the integration process is a horizontal change for the view of local to national or even international people and vertical change of elite group establishment having power legitimation. Integration process in Indonesia experiences up and downs and it will not enable to satisfy any and all related elements. It is started by national revival to establish the independent country, to find the fit and proper governance, to build a country to be strong in the economy field and then find the independence in liberal democracy nature. National integration is processed in accordance with the history development.
NATIONALISM, NATION AWARENESS AND PAST IMAGINATION (A REFLECTIONS OF 65 YEAR HISTORY OF INDEPENDENT INDONESIA)
Authors: Abdulah Anzar
Published: July 2019

Allegations are often made ahead of the Proclamation of Independence of Indonesia, among others, is increasingly fading spirit of nationalism among the younger generation. Allegations are not necessarily true, but it has created a stigma in society. It needs to be clarified by outlining the background of the birth of nationalism and nationalism contextualization in conjunction with modern Indonesian society today. Nationalism is a long process of the dialectic between space, time and social groups, as well as the political process. Although there are its relation with the "birth", nationalism has always been the "birth process". Nationalism is a modern phenomenon, a notion of nationhood was born out of the equation the fate and suffering as a result of colonization, thus was born the solidarity for the nation rise up and liberate themselves from colonialism to freedom and independence. When the standards of nationalism were patriotism and physical struggle, like war of independence first, certainly has a point, that the nationalism awareness of youth today is fading. However, it should be explained that now no longer possible to perform a physical struggle full of heroism like the past, but we now need is the social solidarity that can strengthen the social bonds of nationhood and Indonesianness in charge of this independence nature. This is what needs to be grown and developed because these values are now beginning to fade among the younger generation, the community and the nation's elite. Nationalism is not something static, but full of dynamics. Every era has different conditions and challenges, thus requiring a dynamic form of nationalism. This paper aims to analyze the relationship between nationalism, nation awareness, and the memories of the past as a reflection of history after 65 years of Indonesia Independent. Also as re-introspection ourselves as a nation, how far nationalism that has made us stronger in strengthening of Indonesianness nodes.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COLONIAL SURABAYA AND ITS IMPACT ON NATIVES, 1830-1930
Authors: Nasution -
Published: July 2019

This study explores the process of economic development of Surabaya residency in the period 1830-1930 and its implications for the natives’ economy. The indicator of economic development is focused on export of agricultural and export-import activities of Surabaya in 1830-1930. The natives’ economic progress will be seen at the level of their income. The minimum standard used to measure the level of prosperity is the per year income of a native.The rise and decline of the Surabaya economy during the period of Cultivation System and the liberal period can be observed from the export of agricultural products and the value of the foreign trade surplus. The highest value of foreign trade surplus in the Cultivation System period occurred in 1850s. At that time the overall value of foreign trade surplus of Surabaya showed was 0.54 per cent. The highest foreign trade surplus in liberal period was 0.96 per cent which occurred in 1920, when the price of sugar was rapidly increasing. The implication of the economic development of Surabaya for the native can also be differentiated between the period of the Cultivation System and the liberal period.  In the period of the Cultivation System the economic condition of people was really miserable, especially in sugar cane plantation areas. The hardship of the people in Surabaya was describe by the nineteenth-century historian Hageman as temporary slavery (tijdelijke slavernij). The economic condition of the people in Surabaya in liberal period can be considered prosperous, especially after the abolishment of the compulsory work. In the city of Surabaya which was the capital city of the residency, as a result of the expansion of trading, shipping and industry, employment was abundant and the people became prosperous too. After 1870 a skilled laborer (tukang) in the capital city of Surabaya received an income of 1.00- 1.50 guilders per day. The depression of the people resurfaced when the economic crisis hit 1930s. As a result, much investment went bankrupt. In addition, a number of development projects of the government had to be stopped which resulted in increasing unemployment.
INTERETHNIC RELATIONSHIP AND SOCIAL HARMONY: SOCIAL INTERACTION BETWEEN MADURESE AND OTHER ETHNICS IN SUMENEP REGENCY
Authors: Badriyanto Bambang Samsu
Published: July 2019

Indonesia is a multiethnic nation that has various physical characteristic and culture. Each ethnic has its own characteristic, the skin color, langguage, art, custom, social structurem and cultureThese variousity of human and culture is a form of human adaptation process into the different environment as the result of the wide archipelago area. In the process of a country development, since the independence era until today, it seems that one particular ethnic has a different development level to the other. In fact, today there is a high tendency of discrepancy among ethnics, whether it is the aspect of economy, social, technology, politic, or culture. This discrepency has an implicatioin of horizontal conflict trigerred by the jelousy regarding the matter of economy, social, culture. The ethnic of madura is one of some ethnics in Indonesia with a high rate of migration. They live in several area of Indonesia, particularly Java, Sumatera, and Kalimantan. Due to the natural resources limitation in madura, about 70 % Madurese live and reside the Madura island (Djojomartono, 1985). They work in various sector, particularly the informal sectors, services, and fisherman. This article is based on research focused on interethnic relationship and social harmony: social interaction between Madurese and other ethnics in Sumenep regency.
AN ANALYSIS OF MULTI-ETHNICS STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF HISTORY AT THE SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Salleh Mohamad Johdi , Agus Ariegusrini
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the multi-ethnics students’ attitudes in the teaching and learning of History at the selected secondary schools in Sabah, Malaysia. This study was based on the data collected from questionnaires distributed to 189 students of various ethnicity including Dusun Bagahak, Suluk, Bajau, Chinese, Cocos, Iranun, Bugis, Kadazan, Timor, Tidong, Javanese, Orang Sungai, Kagayan, and, Malays. The data was analyzed by using convenience statistics such as frequency, mean, standard deviation, and, independent samples test. The results showed that the students’ interest, motivation, and, examination performance were greatly influenced by the teaching strategies of history teachers. The study suggests that if the teachers have the ability in attracting their students’ attention during the learning session, there will be great possibilities that the entire students regardless of gender and ethnics will love to learn History. It is hoped that more students would have benefits from this core subject of the lower and upper secondary levels, ICSS Malaysia, towards the realization of the first class human capital of Malaysian in the era of globalization.
SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMPATHIC AWARENESS
Authors: Wiyanarti Erlina
Published: July 2019

The background of this research is the tendency of emphatic awareness learning that is being overlooked in the social studies in schools. The main problem addressed in this research is the social studies learning for the development of emphatic awareness of student of elementary school level in Bandung.The objectives of this research are (1) to design a model of social studies learning program for the development of emphatic awareness of fifth-grade students of elementary school in Bandung, (2) to test the effectiveness of the learning program, and (3) to identify difficulties encountered by elementary school teachers in developing social studies learning for the development of emphatic awareness of fifth-grade students. The methodology of this research is using multi method approach with two-phase designs model or double research strategy. After the research is conducted, based on analysis and discussion of the phase 1 result of limited testing, a stable emphatic awareness learning model was found, then focusing revision in cycle. The early model in product testing was conducted by using pair t-sampling. The result shows that social studies learning model using story telling method is effective in developing emphatic awareness of student in all indicators. The difficulties faced by teachers are more related to the level of understanding of emphatic awareness, creativity, and innovation level which are not optimum. Based on the analysis and discussion and the result of the research, the general conclusion is the development study have met the objective. Emphatic awareness learning model can be applied through planing management and implementation of learning through storytelling method which have high applicability rating with a favorable result and has good implication theoretically and practically. The proposed recommendations are beneficial for model application and for further studies.
REVOLUTIONARY EUROPE AND THE DESTRUCTION OF JAVA’S OLD ORDER, 1808-1830
Authors: Carey Peter
Published: July 2019

At first glance, it may seem strange that Java, an island situated half a world away from France Revolutionary, should the end up being one of the key battle grounds in the global conflict which followed with the fateful Girondin decision to declare war on Austria in the spring of 1792. Yet, in the compass of less than a decade, Java’s own ancient regime that was violently overturned as in quick succession of a Franco-Dutch regime (1808-11) under Napoleon’s only non-French marshal, Herman Willem Daendels (1762-1818), and a five-year British occupation (1811-1816) under the equally dictatorial Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781-1826), transformed the colony. This paved the way for the restoration of Dutch rule in 1816 under the terms of the Treaty of Vienna by which time the commercial dealings of the Company had been replaced by the beginnings of a modern colonial state, the post-January 1818 Netherlands Indies. Over the next century, this would reduce the power of the local rulers and establish Dutch authority in nearly every corner of the archipelago. The boundaries of present-day Indonesia were determined at this time.
SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING MODEL IN LOCAL CLASSIC BATIK CULTURAL BASED FOR THE NATION IDENTITY REINFORCEMENT OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Sariyatun -
Published: July 2019

The development of social studies learning model is based on classic batik local cultural value for improving the identity of Junior High School Students in Surakarta. Generally, the research is aimed to construct social study based on classic batic local cultural value to improve nation identity through using post modernism thought that views understanding a curriculum as a praxis. Based on the construction, this research is able to empower the researcher, social studies teachers and students. In order to construct the transformative curriculum as the praxis, four elements are used richness, recursions, relations and rigor. The integration of classic batik cultural value in social studies learning is based on the combination of cooperative learning model and value clarification. Knowledge and understanding to local and national cultural values will be manifested to nation identity. This research uses research and development approaches based on three main stages introductory study, model development and model validation. The data collection uses observation as well as interview guidance and study devices evaluation sheet. Data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative techniques. The main conclusion of this research outcomes is that Social studies learning model based on the developed classic batik art and cultural values model has met the study model development principles and it has been proven to significantly improve competency and strengthen student character and identity if it is compared to conventional model
CHARACTER EDUCATION INTEGRATION IN SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING
Authors: Agung Leo
Published: July 2019

Recently many violent and moral degradations occurred in Indonesia have affected most of the youth. The moral degradation symptoms are indicated by the increase of drug abuse, free sex, crime, violent act, and many other disrespectful behaviors. The source of this multidimensional crisis and the nation’s downturn is the identity crisis and the failure in developing the nation’s character education. The IPS (the social studies) lesson is, in fact, aimed at improving the personal, social, and intellectual competences. Therefore, it is the time to integrate the character education with the school’s lessons, particularly in the social studies or IPS in the level of junior high school. In this case, the lesson is expected to be a tool and opportunity for students to develop various good characteristics such as religious, honest, integrited, tolerant, discipline, independent, hard worker, creative, patriotic, and friendly qualities.
THE DEVELOPMENT STORY IN THE REFLECTION OF HISTORY
Authors: Abdullah Taupik
Published: July 2019

Statement of Bismark, the Prusia chancellor was right, “Clever people,” he said, “learn from his own experiece. I learn from other’s experience”. Other’s experience? It means he learn from history, then he could unite Germany. Today we also face a problem in education. In this beloved homeland, history lesson has been ignored, eventhough this nation was formed from the understanding and awareness of history, and this country leaders have spoken about nation’s character development. Someone with better understanding could explain the reason of this odd policy. Understanding and awareness of history are needed to overcome various problems faced by this nation. In this very obvious imbalance, do we need to wonder about the decrease of Human Development Index? In their release, UNDP explained that Indonesia curent (2011) posistion is 124 (index value of 0.617) from 187 countries . Thus, when a personal and social conflicts that have been provoked by the unfair economy imbalance were related to the relgion and ethnic, a bloody conflict could not be avoided and even worse it was spreaded to various other problems. Many people had been the victims, not to mention the hatred in their heart, before peace could be realized.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL-BASED HISTORY LEARNING IN ANCIENT BANTEN
Authors: Supriatna Encep
Published: July 2019

The background of this study is the educational concern towards the Indonesian school students/young generation, who are being pulled back and forth, between their national identity and the external force of global culture. The Government tries to amend this situation by recommending to infuse character building into teaching and learning. History is the ideal subject to instill nationalism and patriotism among the student, beside to teach the past and the common heritage of their nation, and therefore suitable to the government intention. Banten, formerly a western part of the West Java Province, now a self governing new province, during the 17th and 19th century had her own glorious history of kingdoms. It was from these periods that Banten inherited her own political and cultural identities and values different from other provinces in Indonesia. To discover whether these identities and values are still maintaind among the students/young generation’s lifes today, this research is conducted working together with the High school students from SMAN I, II, and III Serang particularly in the area of ancient Banten (Banten Lama), their teachers and Headmasters, using the naturalistic inquiry method. To gather the data, attending and observing the history classes and the extracurriculum activities are the most important source, supported by the interviews with the key informants, and the use of their daily educational document. Observations are conducted also to gather data from the cultural events among the population of the surrounding areas, among those are the celebration of the Prophet’s Birthday (Maulud Nabi), which are still strongly uphold by these peoples. The result of the study showed, that although the students are still following their family’s instruction in Islamis religious values and ethnic cultural values, they have also to prepare themselves to face their impending future, to study or to work in a modern society. The national curriculum (KTSP) prepare them to adjust and to combine the basic and the more pragmatic education for their time to come.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ‘MAKE A MATCH’ TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN LEARNING HISTORY
Authors: Pradita Silvy Mei
Published: July 2019

These days condition of history education may not be able to assist students to figure out the correlation of those points with present and future life. From elementary to high school, history education tends to make use of historical facts as the main material. To anticipate further problem, teachers should keep on arrange and set various approaches. One of them is make a match method.This method starts by asking students to match cards consisting of questions or answers before certain amount of time, and those who can find the matches will earn points. This research draws on Mixed Method Designs, or a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. This decision is based on the expectation to deliver sufficient results for detailed description and more comprehensive understanding. Based on the result of data processing and analysis, it can be concluded that: Firstly, every teacher must have at least four competencies to perform as an educator; professional competence, pedagogic competence, personal competence and social competence. Secondly, from the study on grade XI of social science, it can be concluded that teaching and learning process with ‘make a match’ method does not give sufficient contribution on students’ performance. Nonetheless, it gives noteworthy effects on students’ attitude and interest as they show active, creative, and innovative actions in the process of teaching and learning history. Thirdly, there are some obstacles in implementing ‘make a match’ method in teaching and learning activity. Some of them are related to the allocation of time, students’ motivation, students’ uncooperative response, and teacher’s inefficient competence in the process, so that the teacher is not
HISTORY EDUCATION IN BORDERLINE TERRITORY
Authors: Ardhana I ketut
Published: July 2019

Indonesian government policies that emphasize economic growth and national stability, characterized by authoritarian and centralized government in the past, inflict a disparity in regional growth. The control of central government to the region, seems to disturb the sense of justice and the welfare of the people on the borderline territory which are considered retarded, isolated, and marginalized. Moreover, the increasing of smuggling, human trafficking, and terrorism has been disturbing the sense of historical awareness in relation to the issue of nationality. It started from reform era followed by regional autonomy policy gives space to the region government to balance the local development. This article discussed, first: The importance of History education in borderline territory, Second: ethnic historical concept and regional studies in borderline territory, third: ethnical integration based on sociocultural aspect of national character reinforcement in borderline, and fourth: history education development to increase the competitiveness, which also expected to strengthen the nationalism in borderline territory.
CONTENT OF WOMEN HISTORY IN THE CURRICULUMOF HISTORY FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL COMPARISON STUDY OF 1994, 2004, AND 2006
Authors: Budiarti Budiarti , Fahmi Giri Rachmawati
Published: July 2019

This paper reviewed the content of women in history in the 1994, 2004 (KBK), and 2006 curriculums. It uses content analysis method. The result of this research shows that the content of women history was not increased and in different in from curriculum to the others. In 1994 Curriculum, women history only focused on the woman organizations in national movement period. In KBK and KTSP, there was women history in Hinduism-Buddhism era, and in the colonial era. In KBK and 2006 curriculums, students could learn more although the material was not as complete as in 1994, but they can learn it from the internet. From the analysis result of the women history narration in history textbook in 1994 Curriculum, KBK, and 2006 curriculums, because of the patriarchy culture and political factor, the writing of women history was androcentric.
THE HISTORY OF CHRISTIANIZATION: EDUCATION AS THE FIRST STEP OF SPREADING THE RELIGION IN BATAVIA IN THE 17TH CENTURY
Authors: Novi Puspitasari Ni Wayan Radita
Published: July 2019

Indonesia’s history cannot be separated from the role of the Dutch who came to the Archipelago since the 17th century along with their missionaries. Since the Dutch’s arrival in Batavia, Dutch missionaries contributed a great deal of Christianization in Asia. The year 1620 was the first step of establishing ecclesiastical in Batavia. In conjunction with the development of Christianity, the Dutch also provided education for local people in the process of Christianization in Asia. This paper discusses, first, the early development of church; second, the interaction between the pastors and the locals; third, provision education by Dutch missionaries as an effort to Christenize to the locals; and fourth, the outcome of Christianization in Batavia.