bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Cold In-Place Recycled Materials at Young Age Using Shear Wave Velocity
Authors: Lecuru Quentin , Ethier Yannic , Carter Alan , Karray Mourad
Published: June 2019

The characterization of cold recycled pavement materials at an early stage of their life, right after compaction, is difficult, especially if classical tests are used. Indeed, these materials at a very young age behave like granular materials, which affect the feasibility of the usual tests done on bituminous materials. Nondestructive techniques using wave propagation can be used to overcome this difficulty. The aim of this study is to evaluate if a method based on the spectral analysis of mechanical shear wave generated by piezoelectric rings (P-RAT method) can be used to characterize a cold in-place recycled material treated with an asphalt emulsion at a young age. Shear waves are used here because of the water content of such materials at early age. Such material can contain 10 % of water by volume before compaction. Shear wave allows the characterization of the skeleton of aggregates and bituminous binder (i.e., the asphalt concrete) with no interference from the pore water, thanks to the zero shearing resistance of the water. The tests show a strong link between water disappearance inside the specimen during the cure and the evolution of shear wave propagation velocity in the specimen. Moreover, water disappearance can be easily related to the evolution of |E*| in the specimen, allowing the characterization of this material using the evolution of the shear wave propagation velocity.
Examining the Influence of the Degree of Saturation on Length Change and Freeze-Thaw Damage
Authors: Ghantous Rita Maria , Madland Haley , Kwong Justin , Weiss W. Jason
Published: June 2019

Concrete can be susceptible to damage when it is exposed to freezing and thawing (FT). It has been shown that the potential for damage depends on the degree of saturation (DOS). When concrete has a low DOS, it does not show damage during an FT cycle. However, when the DOS exceeds a specific value (critical DOS), the concrete shows damage resulting from the FT cycle. The objective of this article is to measure the length change for cementitious specimens with varying DOS. It is hypothesized that these length change measurements can be used to quantify the critical DOS (DOSCR) for cementitious paste specimens exposed to FT. Specimens with a low DOS show a nearly linear length change response throughout the entire range of temperatures tested. Specimens with a high DOS (i.e., DOS > DOSCR) show a notable change in length at temperatures associated with the freezing and thawing points of water. The strain reduction associated with the melting of ice is calculated by normalizing the length reduction during the melting of ice with the initial length of the specimen. A DOSCR can be obtained by fitting a line between the strain reduction and the DOS. Another parameter known as residual strain can be used to quantify damage. Residual strain is defined as strain that exists in the specimen after an FT cycle. Only specimens with a high DOS (DOS > DOSCR) show residual strain. The approach presented in this paper provides an alternative method that can complement other existing tests to determine the DOSCR for use in the sorption-based model.
A New Binder-Fast-Characterization-Test Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer and Its Application for Rejuvenating Reclaimed Asphalt Binder
Authors: Schrader Johannes , Wistuba Michael P. , Cannone Falchetto Augusto , Riccardi Chiara , Alisov Alexander
Published: June 2019

A simple method using a dynamic shear rheometer is proposed for determining high-temperature key parameters of asphalt binders in place of the ring-and-ball softening point, currently used in Germany. The test was recently introduced in the German standards under the name Bitumen-Typisierungs-Schnell Verfahren (BTSV), which translates to Binder-Fast-Characterization-Test. Two key parameters are obtained as the result of the test: the temperature TBTSV, at which the shear modulus is equal to 15.0 kPa, and the corresponding phase angle δBTSV. While TBTSV provides information on material hardness, δBTSV indicates the degree of modification. Based on these two parameters, a classification system is proposed for different asphalt binder grades commonly used in Europe. Additionally, the procedure was applied for rejuvenating aged asphalt binder extracted from reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). A linear relation is observed for the two key parameters when blending RAP binder with different proportions of rejuvenator. These findings were used to evaluate the effectiveness of different rejuvenating additives.
Fracture Resistance of HMA Mixtures Modified with Nanoclay and Nano-Al2O3
Authors: Pirmohammad Sadjad , Majd Shokorlou Y. , Amani B.
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the use of nanoparticles as a binder modifier has increased because of their unique properties. This article investigates the effect of nanoclay and nano–aluminum oxide (Al2O3) particles on mixed mode I/II fracture behavior of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures. In this study, two types of modified HMA mixtures were prepared for conducting the fracture experiments using cracked semicircular bend specimens. These modified HMA mixtures contained five different percentages (i.e., 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 %) of nanoclay and four different percentages (i.e., 0.1, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 %) of nano-Al2O3. The fracture experiments demonstrated that both the nanoclay and nano-Al2O3 particles improve the fracture resistance of HMA mixtures significantly, such that nanoclay particles with percentages of 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 % increase the fracture resistance by 2, 8, 14, 19, and 31 %, respectively. As such, improvement in the fracture resistance that was achieved by the use of 0.1, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 % nano-Al2O3 was on average 6, 15, 21, and 27 %, respectively. Furthermore, the improvement effect of nanoclay and nano-Al2O3 was more pronounced when the HMA mixtures were loaded under high shear deformation modes.
New Phenomenological Model to Predict High-Temperature Flow Stress Curves at High Strain Rates
Authors: Shafiei E. , Ostovan F.
Published: June 2019

In this study, a new phenomenological equation has been presented to predict high-temperature flow stress curves of metallic materials at industrially relevant deformation conditions with negligible flow softening. To this end, a nonlinear estimation of strain-hardening rate versus strain curves was employed to obtain flow stress as a function of strain. To prove the validity and competency of the presented model, flow stress curves of Alloy 800 H obtained at temperatures from 850°C to 1,050°C and at strain rates of 5 s−1 and 10 s−1 were used. The evaluation of the mean error of flow stress revealed that the presented model can give a precise estimation of stress-strain curves of Alloy 800 H at high strain rates. The Johnson-Cook and logarithmic power models were also used to show the accuracy of the presented model at different deformation conditions. It was discovered that the presented model can provide a more accurate estimation of flow stress curves for the alloy of this study.
Systematic Analysis of Metabolic Pathway Distributions of Bacterial Energy Reserves
Authors: Wang Liang , Yang Jianye , Huang Yue , Liu Qinghua , Xu Yaping , Piao Xue , Wise Michael J
Published: June 2019

Previous bioinformatics studies have linked gain or loss of energy reserves with host-pathogen interactions and bacterial virulence based on a comparatively small number of bacterial genomes or proteomes. Thus, understanding the theoretical distribution patterns of energy reserves across bacterial species could provide a shortcut route to look into bacterial lifestyle and physiology. So far, five major energy reserves have been identified in bacteria due to their capacity to support bacterial persistence under nutrient deprivation conditions. These include polyphosphate (polyP), glycogen, wax ester (WE), triacylglycerol (TAG), and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Although the enzymes related with metabolism of energy reserves are well understood, there is a lack of systematic investigations into the distribution of bacterial energy reserves from an evolutionary point of view. In this study, we sourced 8282 manually reviewed bacterial reference proteomes and combined a set of hidden Markov sequence models (HMMs) to search homologs of key enzymes related with the metabolism of energy reserves. Our results revealed that specific pathways like trehalose-related glycogen metabolism and enzymes such as wax ester synthase/acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT) are mainly restricted within specific types of bacterial groups, which provides evolutionary insights into the understanding of their origins and functions. In addition, the study also confirms that loss of energy reserves like polyP metabolism absence in Mollicutes is correlated with bacterial genome reduction. Through this analysis, a clearer picture about the metabolism of energy reserves in bacteria is presented, which could serve as a guide for further theoretical and experimental analyses of bacterial energy metabolism.
Nimíciwinán, nipimátisiwinán – “Our food is our way of life”: On-Reserve First Nation perspectives on community food security and sovereignty through oral history in Fisher River Cree Nation, Manitoba
Authors: Shukla Shailesh , Alfaro Jazmin , Cochrane Carol , Garson Cindy , Mason Gerald , Dyck Jason , Beudin-Reimer Brielle , Barkman Janna
Published: June 2019

Food insecurity in Indigenous communities in Canada continue to gain increasing attention among scholars, community practitioners, and policy makers. Meanwhile, the role and importance of Indigenous foods, associated knowledges, and perspectives of Indigenous peoples (Council of Canadian Academies, 2014) that highlight community voices in food security still remain under-represented and under-studied in this discourse. University of Winnipeg (UW) researchers and Fisher River Cree Nation (FRCN) representatives began an action research partnership to explore Indigenous knowledges associated with food cultivation, production, and consumption practices within the community since 2012. The participatory, place-based, and collaborative case study involved 17 oral history interviews with knowledge keepers of FRCN. The goal was to understand their perspectives of and challenges to community food security, and to explore the potential role of Indigenous food knowledges in meeting community food security needs. In particular, the role of land-based Indigenous foods in meeting community food security through restoration of health, cultural values, identity, and self-determination were emphasized by the knowledge keepers—a vision that supports Indigenous food sovereignty. The restorative potential of Indigenous food sovereignty in empowering individuals and communities is well-acknowledged. It can nurture sacred relationships and actions to renew and strengthen relationships to the community’s own Indigenous land-based foods, previously weakened by colonialism, globalization, and neoliberal policies.
Culinary tourism on Cape Breton Island
Authors: MacLeod Erna
Published: June 2019

Cape Breton Island is a well-known North American tourism destination with long-standing attractions such as the Cabot Trail and more recently developed world-class offerings such as the Cabot Links Golf Course. Tourism contributes significantly to Cape Breton’s economy, particularly since the mid-20th century as traditional resource-based industries have declined. In the 21st century, culinary tourism has become increasingly important to expand the island’s tourism offerings and to provide “authentic” tourism experiences. This study examines local-food tourism in Cape Breton to illuminate its cultural and economic significance. I conducted interviews with food producers, restaurateurs, government representatives, and tourism executives. I also consulted websites and policy documents and compared local stakeholders’ experiences and perspectives with official tourism strategies. Promoting culinary tourism raises questions of power, autonomy, inclusion, and accountability. My study accentuates possibilities for aligning economic and ecological goals to create resilient communities, foster equitable social and ecological relations, and establish Cape Breton as a culinary tourism destination.
Honouring the grandmothers through (re)membering, (re)learning, and (re)vitalizing Métis traditional foods and protocols
Authors: Cyr Monica , Slater Joyce
Published: June 2019

In Canada, Métis cultural restoration continues to advance. Food practices and protocols, from the vantage point of Métis women who were traditionally responsible for domestic work, qualify as important subjects worthy of study because food and food work are integral components of family health and well-being. This qualitative grounded theory study explored Métis cultural food in Manitoba, Canada, with the intent to honour Métis women. In-depth interviews were conducted with Métis residents of urban Winnipeg and southern rural Manitoba. Results indicate that women were traditionally the keepers of culinary knowledge and practices in Métis families, and were highly resourceful in feeding large families and often other community members. Traditional foods were often land-based (wild and cultivated) and frequently enhanced with market foods. There is a strong sense of history, pride, identity, and desire for revitalization through cultural activities such as food practices; however, disrupted cultural knowledge translation around food and the nutrition transition to unhealthy Western diets present challenges. Results of this research will provide Manitoba Métis people with opportunities for critical reflection on food and their identity as Métis; food origins; the role of food in our lives; and how ecological and political structures affect the production and consumption of food. In addition, this research will provide an alternative discourse as it relates to Métis food, supporting a holistic approach to overall health and well-being that is self-affirming and strength-based.
The subpopulation of CD105 negative mesenchymal stem cells show strong immunomodulation capacity compared to CD105 positive mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Pham Liem Hieu , Vu Ngoc Bich , Van Pham Phuc
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most popular stem cells applied in disease treatment. MSCs can be isolated and in vitro expanded from various sources such as bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord tissue, and adipose tissue. According to Dominici et al. (2006), MSCs should express CD105, an essential marker used to confirm MSCs. However, some recent studies have show that MSCs contained a subpopulation that is negative for CD105. This study aimed to compare the immune modulation capacity of 2 populations of CD105 positive (CD105+) and negative (CD105-) MSCs derived from 2 sources: human adipose tissue (AT) and human umbilical cord (UC).

Methods: MSCs were isolated from human adipose tissues (adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells – AT-MSCs) and human umbilical cord (umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells – UC-MSCs) according to previously published protocols. The two populations of CD105- and CD105+ MSCs were sorted based on the expression of CD105 from AT-MSCs and UC-MSCs. Four populations of CD105 (AT-MSCs, CD105+ AT-MSCs, CD105- UC-MSCs, and CD105+ UC-MSCs) were used to compare the phenotype as well as in vitro differentiation potential; then they were used to evaluate the immune modulation capacity by allogeneic T cell suppression and cytokine release.

Results: The results showed that CD105- MSCs from AT and UC exhibited an immune modulation capacity that was much stronger than CD105+ MSCs from the same source of AT and UC. The strong immunomodulation of CD105- MSCs may relate to autocrine production of TGF-beta 1 by MSCs.

Conclusion: The results suggested that CD105- MSCs are promising MSCs for application in regenerative medicine, especially for the treatment of diseases related to inflammation.
Talajmikrobiológiai paraméterek változása szántóként és rétként hasznosított réti szolonyec talajokban
Authors: Gangwar Ravi Kumar , Makádi Marianna , Fuchs Márta , Csorba Ádám , Michéli Erika , Demeter Ibolya , Táncsics András , Szegi Tamás
Published: June 2019

Összefoglalás

A hazánk területének megközelítően 10%-át fedő szikes talajokban zajló talajkémiai folyamatok részletes vizsgálatával ellentétben, a talajmikrobiológiai folyamatokról és állapotokról kevesebb ismerettel rendelkezünk. Munkánkban ezért egy réti szolonyec talaj kémiai, fizikai és mikrobiológiai tulajdonságait vizsgáltuk szántó és rét hasznosítású területen.

Munkánk célja a rét és szántó művelési ág talajkémiai, -fizikai és - mikrobiológiai tulajdonságainak megállapítása, a kémiai és mikrobiológiai tulajdonságok közötti kapcsolatok feltárása réti szolonyec talajon, ahol a korábbi vizsgálatok elsősorban a talajkémiai változásokra koncentráltak.

A szántó és rét művelési ág talaja egyes kémiai és mikrobiológiai paraméterekben szignifikánsan különbözött egymástól. A talaj mikrobiológiai aktivitása, a talajban élő mikrobák mennyisége egyaránt nagyobb volt a rétként hasznosított területen. Eredményeink felhívják a figyelmet a minél hosszabb ideig tartó növényborítás biztosításának fontosságára a talaj szervesanyag-tartalmának megőrzésében, növelésében, és az ehhez szorosan kapcsolódó aktívabb talajéletfenntartásában.

A művelési ág hatása olyan erőteljes a talaj vizsgált mikrobiológiai változóira, hogy azok statisztikailag elkülönítették a szántó és rét művelési ágakat annak ellenére, hogy a korábbi mintavételi terület két-két, a területekre jellemző mikrobiális biomassza szén szélsőértéket mutató pontjaiból vettük a talajmintákat. Ugyanakkor a vizsgált kémiai, fizikai változók csoportja még nem igazolta a két művelési ág talajmintáinak statisztikai különbségét. Eredményeink tehát igazolják, hogy a talajok mikrobiológiai paraméterei gyorsabban jelezhetik a talajokban bekövetkező, esetleges negatív változásokat, mint a kémiai és/vagy fizikai paraméterek.
Becsült talajhidrológiai paraméterek szimulációs vizsgálata a NAIK Erdészeti Tudományos Intézet két mintaterületén
Authors: Kozma Zsolt , Decsi Bence , Manninger Miklós , Móricz Norbert , Makó András , Szabó Brigitta
Published: June 2019

Összefoglalás

A folyamatalapú hidrológiai számításoknak és az azokra épülő vízminőségi, ökológiai elemzéseknek jelentős a bemenő adatigénye, ami a jövőben várhatóan tovább növekszik. A méréstechnológia rohamos fejlődésével a hidrológiai modellek bemenő adatai közül mára a szűk keresztmetszetet lokális és vízgyűjtő léptéken is a felszín alatti viszonyok, és elsősorban a talajok szivárgáshidraulikai tulajdonságainak számszerűsítése jelenti. A helyzetet felismerve a közelmúltban különböző módszertannal több talajtani, talajhidrológiai adatbázist is kidolgoztak. Kutatásunkban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a 100 m felbontású hazai talajadatok és európai becslő algoritmusok alapján számított talajhidrológiai paraméterek (i) megbízható bemeneti adatforrást biztosítanak-e, és (ii) a korábban rendelkezésre álló adatállományokhoz képest javítják-e a hidrológiai számítások jóságát talajszelvény szintű vízforgalmi modellben.

Az Erdészeti Tudományos Intézet (NAIK ERTI) két mintaterületén (Fiad és Szalafő) mért meteorológiai és talajnedvesség-idősorok segítségével 5-5 darab talajszelvényszintű vízforgalmi modellváltozatot állítottunk fel Hydrus-1D környezetben. Ezek kizárólag a talajtani paraméterezésükben (réteghatárok helye, telített vízvezető képesség és retenciós görbe együtthatók) tértek el: a talajrétegek jellemzésére felhasználtuk (i) a kalibráció-validáció eredményeit (“legjobbnak vélt” verzió), (ii) a helyszíni mintavételből származó laboratóriumi méréseket, (iii) a mért talajtulajdonságok alapján, az európai becslő függvényekkel (EU-PTF) számított talajhidrológiai tulajdonságokat, (iv) a hazai DOSoReMI adatbázis alapján, az EUPTF- ekkel számított talajhidrológiai tulajdonságokat, illetve (v) az EUSoilHydroGrids térképeket. A modellváltozatokat a mért és számított talajnedvesség-idősorok összevetése (NSME, RMSE, R2) alapján értékeltük. Emellett összehasonlítottuk a számított vízmérlegeket is.

Az öt-öt modellváltozat esetében lényegesen eltért a mért-számított talajnedvességi idősorok illeszkedése. Fiadon egyedül a kalibráció adott elfogadható eredményt (NSME = 0.49), a másik négy változat kifejezetten gyengének bizonyult (három esetben NSME < 0). Szalafőn minden változat pozitív NSME-re vezetett, a kalibráció kiválónak tekinthető (NSME = 0.75). A várakozással ellentétben a mért talajhidrológiai paraméterekre épülő modellváltozatok adták a legrosszabb illeszkedést, míg a hatékonysági rangsorban a kalibrált modellek után az EU-SoilHydroGrids változatok következtek. A szimulációkból levezetett vízmérlegek Fiadon csak kevéssé, míg Szalafőn nagymértékben függtek a talajparaméterezéstől. A vizsgálat fontos tapasztalata, hogy a talajszelvény feltárás gyakorlata – érthető módon – elsősorban nem a hidrológiai modellezés szempontjaihoz igazodik, így az adatbizonytalanság forrása lehet. A vizsgálat eredményei alapján folytatjuk a Balaton vízgyűjtő talajhidrológiai paramétereinek 3D térképezését.
Különböző földhasználatú területek talajának nitrogénforgalmi vizsgálata változó hőmérsékleti értékeken
Authors: Baklanov Szandra , Horel Ágota , Gelybó Györgyi , Tóth Eszter , Dencső Márton , Ujj Emese , Potyó Imre
Published: June 2019

Összefoglalás

Jelen tanulmányban megvizsgáltuk a nitrogén átalakulással kapcsolatos nitrogén forgalmi folyamatok módosulását a nitrogénkötés-, a denitrifikáció-,- illetve a nitrifikációs aktivitás mérésével. A vizsgálatok alapanyagaként különböző földhasználati területekről származó talajmintákat használtunk fel. Az anyaggyőjtés helyszíneként a Balaton-felvidéken elterülő 21 km2 kiterjedéső vízgyőjtő terület szolgált. A talajmintákat hat földhasználati területről győjtöttük, úgy, mint tölgyesakácos, tölgyes, szőlő, szántó, gyümölcsös és rét.

A nitrogén forgalommal kapcsolatos laboratóriumi kísérletek sötét, és szabályozott hőmérsékleti körülmények között kerültek kivitelezésre, három hőmérsékleten (10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C). Ennek célja az volt, hogy a vízgyőjtő területén előforduló hőmérsékleti körülményeket megfelelően tudjuk modellezni.

A potenciális nitrogénkötés vizsgálatánál pozitív korrelációt találtunk, vagy érdemi változást nem figyeltünk meg a hőmérséklet függvényében. A szántó, gyümölcsös illetve a rét talajmintáinál a nitrogénkötést mutató értékek csökkenését észleltük a hőmérséklet növelésével (10-20 °C). Az erdőből származó talajmintákban ugyanakkor nem tapasztaltunk változást. 30 °C hőmérsékleten szignifikáns növekedést kaptunk a nitrogénkötési potenciálok tekintetében (p < 0,05), a 10 °C, illetve 20 °C hőmérsékleten mért adatokkal összevetve.

A talajok nettó nitrifikációs potenciáljának vizsgálatakor negatív korrelációt figyeltünk meg magasabb hőmérsékleteken. A legnagyobb értékeket 10 °C hőmérsékleten, míg a legalacsonyabb eredményeket 30 °C hőmérsékleten mértük.

Az erdei talajok elemzése során nem jegyeztünk fel lényeges különbségeket a potenciális denitrifikációs folyamat különböző hőmérsékleteken mért eredményei között. A többi, eltérő földhasználati területről származó minták változó hőmérsékleten feljegyzett értékei között azonban jelentős eltéréseket tapasztaltunk (p < 0,05).

Összességében úgy találtuk, hogy egy terület mővelési módja jelentősen befolyásolhatja a talaj nitrogén forgalmának alakulását, különösen azokban az esetekben, amikor tápanyagutánpótlás is történik. A jelen tanulmány adatai alapján megállapítottuk, hogy a vizsgált vízgyőjtőn az emberi behatásoknak kisebb mértékben kitett területek nitrogén körforgalmi folyamatai kevésbé érzékenyek a hőmérsékleti változásokra.
A BET-fajlagos felület, a humuszanyagok és további talajtulajdonságok összefüggéseinek vizsgálata jellemző hazai talajtípusokon
Authors: Molnár Sándor , Barna Gyöngyi , Draskovits Eszter , Földényi Rita , Hernádi Hilda , Bakacsi Zsófia , Makó András
Published: June 2019

Összefoglalás

Tanulmányunkban 27 különböző hazai talajszelvényben vizsgáltuk, hogy a talajok N2-BET fajlagos felületét mely talajtulajdonságok milyen mértékben befolyásolják.

Az egytényezős elemzések alapján elmondható, hogy a talajok mechanikai összetétele mutatja a legszorosabb kapcsolatot a fajlagos felülettel, az agyagtartalommal szoros pozitív kapcsolat van, ugyanakkor a homoktartalom növekedésével a fajlagos felület csökken. Igazolható a mész- és humusztartalom negatív előjelű nem túl szoros kapcsolata is a N2-BET felület értékekkel. A korrelációs vizsgálat gyenge pozitív kapcsolatot mutat a Hargitai-féle humuszstabilitási mutatóval. A talaj kémhatása és fajlagos felület közötti kapcsolatot nem tudtuk igazolni.

Vizsgáltuk a különböző talajtulajdonságok együttes hatását is a talaj N2-BET fajlagos felületére, valamint a talajok főtípusának, illetve a talajtípusoknak a szerepét. A teljes adatbázis alapján a N2-BET fajlagos felület kialakításában a legfontosabb tényezők az agyagtartalom, majd a humusztartalom, végül a mésztartalom. Amennyiben a talajok humuszanyagainak minőségéről is rendelkezünk információkkal, akkor az agyagtartalom, a humusztartalom, a humuszminőség és kémhatás azok a talajtulajdonságok, amelyek elsősorban felelősek a talajok a N2-BET fajlagos felületének kialakításáért. Megállapítottuk, hogy a fajlagos felületet becslő modellek pontossága tovább javítható a talajok rendszertani besorolásának (főtípus, típus), mint kategóriaváltozónak figyelembevételével. A talajok rendszertani helyének ismerete ugyanis számos olyan talajjellemzőről, azok együttes hatásairól nyújt közvetett információt, melyekről egyébként nem rendelkezünk közvetlen mérési eredménnyel.
‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees on five rootstocks in Northern Parana state, Brazil
Authors: Cruz Maria Aparecida da , Neves Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro , Carvalho Deived Uilian de , Colombo Ronan Carlos , Leite Júnior Rui Pereira , Tazima Zuleide Hissano
Published: June 2019

Abstract Studies on rootstocks and scions are of major importance for citrus crop production. The goal of this study was to evaluate vegetative growth, yield performance, and fruit quality of ‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees grafted on five different rootstocks in Northern Parana state, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with six replications, two plants per plot, and five treatments: ‘Rangpur’ lime; ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin, ‘Sunki’ mandarin; ‘Swingle’ citrumelo; and ‘Fepagro C-13’ citrange. Tree vegetative growth, yield performance, and fruit physical-chemical characteristics were analyzed. ‘Sunki’ mandarin provided the largest canopy volume for ‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees, whereas ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, ‘Fepagro C-13’ citrange, and ‘Rangpur’ lime provided a smaller volume for tree canopy. Compared to Rangpur lime, ‘Swingle’ citrumelo provided higher accumulated yield and production efficiency for ‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees. All rootstocks induced good physical and chemical quality to ‘Navelina’ sweet orange fruits.
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity three fruit species from the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Moreira-Araújo Regilda Saraiva dos Reis , Barros Nara Vanessa dos Anjos , Porto Rayssa Gabriela Costa Lima , Brandão Amanda de Castro Amorim Serpa , Lima Alessandro de , Fett Roseane
Published: June 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity present in three fruit species from the Brazilian Cerrado: carnauba (Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. Moore), murici (Byrsonima crassifolia L. Rich)and oiti (Licania tomentosa (Benth) Fritsch). Among analyzed fruits, oiti showed the highest total phenolic content (1236.42 ± 34.06 mg GAE 100 g-1) followed by murici (468.90 ± 27.30 mg GAE 100 g-1) and carnauba (314.44 ± 9.50 mg GAE 100 g-1). Regarding the antioxidant activity, murici showed 4350.31 ± 1.85 µmol TEAC.100 g-1 and oiti showed 14721.69 ± 0.85 µmol TEAC.100 g-1. In addition, high content of anthocyanins was verified in carnauba (9.35 ± 0.00 mg-cy-3-glu.100 g-1), as well as carotenoids (20.0 ± 1.23 mg-ß-carot.100 g-1) and vitamin C (58.60 ± 1.32 mg.100 g-1) in murici. In conclusion, data obtained add valuable information to the current knowledge on the nutritional and functional features of fruits from the Brazilian Cerrado that have been scarcely explored, such as those analyzed, which showed high content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity.
Redistribution of heart failure deaths using two methods: linkage of hospital records with death certificate data and multiple causes of death data
Authors: Bierrenbach Ana Luiza , Alencar Gizelton Pereira , Martinez Cátia , Souza Maria de Fátima Marinho de , Policena Gabriela Moreira , França Elisabeth Barboza
Published: June 2019

Heart failure is considered a garbage code when assigned as the underlying cause of death. Reassigning garbage codes to plausible causes reduces bias and increases comparability of mortality data. Two redistribution methods were applied to Brazilian data, from 2008 to 2012, for decedents aged 55 years and older. In the multiple causes of death method, heart failure deaths were redistributed based on the proportion of underlying causes found in matched deaths that had heart failure listed as an intermediate cause. In the hospitalization data method, heart failure deaths were redistributed based on data from the decedents’ corresponding hospitalization record. There were 123,269 (3.7%) heart failure deaths. The method with multiple causes of death redistributed 25.3% to hypertensive heart and kidney diseases, 22.6% to coronary heart diseases and 9.6% to diabetes. The total of 41,324 heart failure deaths were linked to hospitalization records. Heart failure was listed as the principal diagnosis in 45.8% of the corresponding hospitalization records. For those, no redistribution occurred. For the remaining ones, the hospitalization data method redistributed 21.2% to a group with other (non-cardiac) diseases, 6.5% to lower respiratory infections and 9.3% to other garbage codes. Heart failure is a frequently used garbage code in Brazil. We used two redistribution methods, which were straightforwardly applied but led to different results. These methods need to be validated, which can be done in the wake of a recent national study that will investigate a big sample of hospital deaths with garbage codes listed as underlying causes.
Determinantes contextuais da coesão do sistema de crenças democrático: evidências a partir da América Latina
Authors: Fuks Mario , Casalecchi Gabriel Avila , Ribeiro Ednaldo Aparecido
Published: June 2019

Resumo O presente artigo analisa o impacto de fatores contextuais - o PIB per capita, a qualidade da democracia e os anos ininterruptos de democracia - sobre a coesão do sistema de crenças democrático dos latino-americanos. Considera-se um democrata coeso aquele que apoia diferentes princípios democráticos, notadamente: eleições livres e competitivas, separação dos poderes, primado da lei, participação política e tolerância. Utilizamos, para isso, um modelo multinível com dados de opinião pública de 19 países do Barômetro das Américas de 2010. Os resultados indicam que os cidadãos que vivem em países com maior PIB per capita e maior tradição democrática são mais propensos a serem democratas coesos. A qualidade da democracia, por sua vez, não apresentou resultados significativos. Argumentamos que esses achados têm uma importante implicação para a democracia na região.
Os diretórios partidários municipais e o perfil sociodemográfico dos seus membros
Authors: Cervi Emerson Urizzi , Borba Felipe
Published: June 2019

Resumo Este artigo se insere no conjunto de pesquisas que investiga a política local brasileira a partir de dois objetivos. O primeiro descreve a presença dos partidos políticos nos municípios brasileiros por tipo de organização. O segundo investiga o perfil político e social dos dirigentes partidários locais com mandato vigente em 2016 que concorreram a um cargo eletivo nas eleições de 2016, 2014 ou 2012. Para isso, usamos o cadastro dos diretórios partidários municipais disponibilizados pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. Os resultados indicam que os órgãos partidários municipais são comissões majoritariamente provisórias, seguidas por diretórios municipais permanentes e por comissões interventoras, enquanto os seus dirigentes são predominantemente do sexo masculino, com nível de escolaridade médio, média de idade de 48 anos e com baixa profissionalização política.
Teatro legislativo e representação democrática: a Câmara na Praça como aliança entre democracia e representação
Authors: Dalaqua Gustavo Hessmann
Published: June 2019

Resumo O artigo busca contribuir para o debate na teoria política contemporânea sobre democracia e representação por meio de uma análise da Câmara na Praça, proposta elaborada por Augusto Boal na obra Teatro legislativo e praticada quando o autor foi eleito vereador. Após reconstruir a conceptualização de Nadia Urbinati da representação democrática como uma diarquia resultante da circularidade entre os juízos dos representados e as decisões dos representantes eleitos, endossamos parcialmente a crítica de Hélène Landemore e afirmamos que a representação democrática exige mecanismos de participação direta que concedam poder decisório à troca de juízos dos representados. É isto o que a Câmara na Praça faz ao conceder aos representados o poder de julgar e decidir os termos gerais dos projetos de lei propostos pelos representantes.
A reforma política pelo judiciário: notas sobre a judicialização da política na Nova República
Authors: Rodrigues Theófilo Codeço Machado
Published: June 2019

Resumo A judicialização da política tornou-se tema recorrente nos estudos sobre a Nova República. Com ênfase em algumas das propostas de reforma política em debate nos últimos vinte anos, o presente artigo apresenta cinco situações em que o Poder Judiciário foi chamado a interferir nas decisões legislativas: a cláusula de barreira, a verticalização das candidaturas, a fidelidade partidária, a lei da ficha limpa e o fim do financiamento empresarial de campanhas. Em alguns desses casos os próprios partidos políticos convocaram o Poder Judiciário a interferir na legislação; em outros, foi a sociedade civil quem buscou a intervenção do Judiciário para as modificações legais. No atual momento de comemoração e reflexão acerca dos 30 anos da promulgação da Constituição de 1988, o conhecimento acerca das suas consequências torna-se imperativo.
Ideologia e Discurso: o posicionamento do Partido dos Trabalhadores na oposição e no governo.
Authors: Ribeiro Pedro Feliú , Mendes Amanda Silva
Published: June 2019

Resumo Pesquisas prévias argumentaram a mudança no posicionamento ideológico do Partido dos Trabalhadores nas últimas décadas, especialmente quando passou a assumir o governo federal. Os autores estendem essa agenda de pesquisa analisando os discursos de legisladores petistas que estiveram presentes no período em que o partido era oposição e governo em temáticas semelhantes nos mesmos períodos. Por meio do método wordscores, demonstramos a migração ideológica do PT para a direita, fortalecendo a evidência empírica do fenômeno. A análise do conteúdo substantivo dos discursos revelou a direção da mudança em assuntos como as reformas da previdência e trabalhista, educação e relações exteriores.
Influence of Pre-Curing Different Adhesives on the Color Stability of Cemented Thin Ceramic Veneers
Authors: Oliveira Jr Orides Ferrari de , Kunz Patrícia Valéria Manozzo , Baratto Filho Flares , Correr Gisele Maria , Cunha Leonardo Fernandes da , Gonzaga Carla Castiglia
Published: June 2019

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the color stability of thin ceramic veneers as a function of the curing mode (with and without pre-cure) of different adhesive systems applied to the internal surface of ceramics. Five adhesive systems (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, Single Bond Universal, Gluma 2 Bond, Ambar, and Ambar APS) and photo-cured resin cement (Allcem Veneer) were used for cementing 0.6 mm-thick feldspathic veneers (Mark II) on composite resin substrates (Charisma Diamond). The groups, according to adhesive system, were divided into two subgroups (n=10): i) adhesive and resin cement were polymerized separately (pre-cure of the adhesive), ii) adhesive and resin cement were polymerized simultaneously. The CIELab color parameters were determined with a spectrophotometer at 24h (baseline), 7 days, 30 days and 12 months. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). The results indicated statistically significant differences for adhesive systems and time. The mode of curing of the adhesive system was not statistically significant: pre-cured adhesives (2.6±1.3) and not pre-cured adhesives (2.8±1.4). For the adhesives, ΔE values varied in the following order: Ambar-APS (1.6±0.5) < Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (2.6±1.2) = Gluma 2 Bond (2.7±1.2) = Ambar (2.9±1.2) < Single Bond Universal (3.5±1.5). For time, ΔE values were: 7 days (1.7±0.7), 30 days (3.5±1.2) and 12 months (2.9±1.3). It can be concluded that the different adhesive systems used for cementing thin ceramic veneers influenced the final color of the indirect restorations. The adhesives curing mode did not present a significant effect in the color stability of thin ceramic veneers.
Stability Analysis of Bitemarks in Different Conditions of Time and Temperature and Its Reliability as Evidence in Criminal Investigations
Authors: Araújo Laís Gomes de , Recalde Tamara Soledad Frontanilla , Jacometti Victor , Costa Paula Barreto , Silva Ricardo Henrique Alves da
Published: June 2019

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of bite marks in foods in different conditions of time and temperature and their reliability as evidenced in criminal investigations. Sampling came from 20 subjects, who were instructed to bite five pieces of cheese and five pieces of chocolate. Bites were produced by the anterior teeth, from canine to canine, and the volunteers had their dental arches molded to obtain plaster models that were used for later comparison. The samples produced by each participant were stored and analyzed according to the temperature (room and refrigerator) and time period (immediately after, three days, seven days). The linear model with mixed effects using R Core Team and SAS Statistical Software were used for the statistical analysis. The results of this study reveal that the storage temperature of these materials does not exert a significant influence. Both chocolate and cheese showed better results when measurements were made shortly after, however the chocolate showed to be more stable in longer periods of time. By means of this study, it was possible to demonstrate that the storage temperature does not exert a significant influence. However, the bite marks found in foods with greater dimensional stability and short time intervals, are more reliable and allow their use as evidence in criminal investigations. Still, due to the limitations presented, we recommend its use for the exclusion of possible suspects and not for the suspects identification.
Does the Use of Reservoirs Have Any Impact on the Efficacy of At-Home Bleaching? A Systematic Review
Authors: Martini Eveline Claudia , Parreiras Sibelli Olivieri , Acuña Eric Dario , Loguercio Alessandro Dourado , Reis Alessandra
Published: June 2019

Abstract To answer the following focused question through a systematic review: “Are the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity (TS) and bleaching efficacy different between adult patients who undergo at-home bleaching using trays with reservoirs and those who use trays without reservoirs?”. A comprehensive search was performed in the MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database, Brazilian Library in Dentistry, Cochrane Library, and grey literature without restrictions. Abstracts from conferences; unpublished and ongoing trial registries, dissertations and theses (ProQuest Dissertations and Periódicos Capes Theses databases) were searched. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. We used the Risk of Bias tool (RoB) from the Cochrane Collaboration for quality assessment. After the removal of duplicates, title and abstract screening and full-text examination, nine RCTs remained for qualitative analyses. The great majority of the studies did not report the method of randomization, allocation concealment, and examiner blinding during color assessment. From the nine studies, eight were at unclear risk of bias. In regard to color change, four studies reported no change and two reported improved color change with reservoirs. Only four studies recorded tooth sensitivity and they reported no significant differences. Only one study reported greater gingival irritation with reservoirs. Lack of data reporting prevented us from running a meta-analysis. Further well-designed RCT should be conducted to answer this research question. So far there is not evidence to support that reservoirs in bleaching trays improve color change. PROSPERO - CRD42016037628
Simple and Low-Cost Thermal Treatments on Direct Resin Composites for Indirect Use
Authors: Grazioli Guillermo , Francia Alejandro , Cuevas-Suárez Carlos Enrique , Zanchi Cesar Henrique , Moraes Rafael Ratto De
Published: June 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three low-cost additional thermal treatments, available in the dental office, on the mechanical, chemical and optical properties of a light-cured resin composite indicated for direct restorations but used as indirect restorative. The direct resin composite TPH3 (Dentsply) was light-polymerized using a light-emitting diode curing unit and submitted to three experimental additional thermal treatments: dry heat at 170 °C for 5 min, autoclave at 121 °C for 6 min, or microwave oven at 450 W for 3 min. The resin composite without any thermal treatment was used as negative control group. An indirect resin composite (Vita CM LC, Vita Zahnfabrik) was tested as a reference. Flexural strength, elastic modulus, microhardness, degree of C=C conversion, roughness before and after simulated toothbrush abrasion, translucency parameter and color difference (ΔE00) were evaluated. Data were analyzed at α=0.05. The indirect resin composite presented lower C=C conversion and mechanical performance. The flexural strength was significantly higher in the dry oven group compared with the control. The roughness was not different among groups before or after brushing, but the thermal treatments caused an increase in C=C conversion, microhardness, and elastic modulus without affecting the translucency parameter or showing visible color alteration (ΔE00<1.8). These results suggest that the use of additional thermal methods of polymerization represents an economical and simple alternative to enhance the mechanical and chemical properties of direct resin composites when used as indirect restoratives.
Pulp Fibroblast Cell Apoptosis After Application of Hema Dentine Bonding Material with Ethanol and Water Solvent
Authors: Nandarani Ratih Elisa , Widjiastuti Ira , Mooduto Latief
Published: June 2019

Abstract The most common main materials for dentin bonding for composite resin restoration is 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). HEMA has beneficial physical and chemical properties, and stable, yet toxic. The addition of ethanol or water, may reduce the toxic effect of HEMA. Ethanol solvent has lower H-bonding capacity compared to water solvent, so it can bind less free radicals from the residual monomer. This study aimed to analyze apoptosis due to dentine bonding application with ethanol and water solvent. Fibroblast culture cells were obtained from extracted third molar, by means of tripsinasion method. The cells were divided into 4 groups as reached confluent: cell culture without treatment as control, cell culture with scaffold chitosan, cell culture with scaffold and polymerized dentin bonding with ethanol or water solvent. Apoptosis observation was conducted using immunohistochemistry method with ethidium bromide acridin orange staining, under fluorescent microscope with 40´ magnification. There was a significant difference among groups (p=0.0001), yet no differences found between different solvent. Apoptosis rate in fibroblast cells culture exposed to HEMA bonding with ethanol solvent was 67%, while the cells exposed to HEMA bonding with water solvent was 44%. The effect of dentin bonding with ethanol solvent and water solvent towards apoptosis rate of pulp fibroblast cells is not different.
Influence of Abutment Collar Height and Implant Length on Stress Distribution in Single Crowns
Authors: Bordin Dimorvan , Cury Altair Antoninha Del Bel , Faot Fernanda
Published: June 2019

Abstract This in silico study evaluated the influence of the abutment collar height and implants length on the biomechanical behavior of morse taper single dental implants with different crown-to-implant ratio. Six virtual models were constructed (S11, M11, L11, S13, M13 and L13) by combining short (S: 2.5 mm), medium (M: 3.5 mm) or long (L: 4.5 mm) abutment collar heights with different implant lengths (11 or 13-mm). An upper central incisor of 11-mm height was constructed on top of each abutment. Each set was positioned in a virtual bone model and exported to analyze mathematically. A 0.60-mm mesh was created after convergence analysis and a 49 N load was applied to the cingulum of the crown at an angle of 45°. Load-generated stress distribution was analyzed in the prosthetic components according to von Mises stress criteria (σvM) and in the cortical and cancellous bone by means of shear stress (εmax). The use of longer collar abutments (L11) increased the stress on the abutment by 250% and resulted in 40% higher stresses on the screw and 92% higher cortical shear stresses compared to short collared abutments (S11). Increasing the implant length produced a slight stress reduction on cortical bone. Cancellous bone was not affected by the crown-to-implant ratio. Longer abutment collars concentrate stresses at the implant level and cortical bone by increasing the crown-to-implant ratio.
Radioprotective Effect of Sodium Selenite on Mandible of Irradiated Rats
Authors: Yamasaki Mayra Cristina , CavalcanteFontenele Rocharles , Nejaim Yuri , Freitas Deborah Queiroz
Published: June 2019

Abstract The purpose of this study was to test the radioprotective effect of selenium in the bone microarchitecture of irradiated rats mandibles. Forty rats were separated into 4 groups with 10 animals: control group (CG), irradiated group (IG), sodium selenite group (SSG) and sodium selenite irradiated group (SSIG). A single dose of 0.8 mg/kg sodium selenite was administered intraperitoneally in the SSG and SSIG groups. One hour later, animals of IG and SSIG groups were irradiated with 15 Gy of x-rays. Forty days after radiation a bilateral extraction of the mandibular first molars was performed. After the extraction procedure, five rats were killed after fifteen days and others five after thirty days. Micro- computed tomography was used to evaluate cortical and trabecular bone of each rat. The mean and standard deviation of each bone microarchitecture parameter were analyzed using the statistical test of two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). At 15 days, the bone volume presented higher values in the CG and SSG groups (p=0.001). The same groups presented statistically significant higher values when bone volume fraction (p<0.001) and trabecular thickness (p<0.001) were analyzed. At 30 days, it was observed that in relation to the bone volume fraction, SSG group presented the highest value while SSIG group had the lowest value, with statistically significant difference (p=0.016). Sodium selenite demonstrated a median radioprotective effect in the bone microarchitecture of irradiated mandibles, which indicates the substance may be a potential radioprotective agent against chronic effects of high doses of ionizing radiation.