bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research within Tax Administration: from Monitoring Revenue to Influencing Policy
Authors: Adrienne Lees Adrienne , Mascagni Giulia
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the role played by research departments within tax administration, drawing on the experiences of officials from eight African revenue authorities. While high quality research is important for evidence-based policymaking, it is often overlooked. We explore several key challenges faced by researchers within tax administration, including staff capacity, data quality, access and coverage, and obtaining high-level support and policy impact. We also document solutions and success stories based on the experience of these eight revenue authorities, where scarce resources have been focused to maximise the benefits of research and administrative data. Finally, we develop a toolkit of options to enhance research capacity and its strategic role to guide reform.
Velayatul Faqih and the Resurgence of Islamic Movements Worldwide
Authors: Ibrahimian Hojjatollah
Published: July 2024

The Islamic Revolution for the people of Iran has become an essential necessity. Therefore, this paper aims to examine how the awakening of the Islamic world and the most significant challenges faced by the Islamic Revolution of Iran from its inception to the present day, under a government based on the principle of the Guardianship of the Jurist, often confronted with Western propaganda conflicting with Islamic values. Despite facing various obstacles and limited resources, the Government of the Islamic Revolution of Iran has made significant strides, even transforming its military forces into one of the strongest in the world and balancing conventional forces long dominated by the United States and its allies.
Pendidikan Karakter dalam Surah al-Hujurat: Telaah Penafsiran Mahmud Yunus dalam Tafsir al-Karim
Authors: Mumtazah Al 'Ilmah  , Salamah Noorhidayati  , Ahmad Saddad  , Siti Marpuah  , Husnul Amira
Published: July 2024

The Qur'an which was revealed in Arabic became a polemic on how the Qur'an could be understood and studied by people who could not speak Arabic. Then there appeared interpreters who aimed to make it easier to study the Qur'an to be practiced in daily activities. One of the most phenomenal and first works of interpretation in Indonesian is the Tafsir al-Karim which is a book written by Mahmud Yunus. This article aims to explore in depth how Mahmud Yunus interpreted in his Tafsir al-Karim, biography, style, method, and analysis of character education in the Tafsir al-Karim. The researcher concluded that there are 15 values ​​of character education in this Tafsir al-Karim, namely: politeness, birul walidain, respecting others, speaking well, being firm in one's stance, being fair, having good thoughts, tolerance, faith (tawhid), being humble, being pious, integrity, being grateful, being honest, and being responsible.
Moral Character of Society in the Qur’an on the Story of Ashab Al-Sabti
Authors: Febriansyah Febriansyah , Mukmin Septiawadi Kari , Hendro Beko
Published: July 2024

This research is motivated by the existence of moral degradation caused by films, stories, and news in society that encompass various aspects of moral decline, such as issues of collusion, corruption, and nepotism (KKN), the deviation of virtuous values, and the lack of empathy and social responsibility. If films, stories, and news can shape a person's character, then the Qur'an can certainly improve one's behavior. The story of Ashab Al-Sabti was chosen for this study because it contains three groups: the pious advisors, those who remain passive in the face of wrongdoing, and those who transgress and are disobedient. This research aims to examine the moral characteristics of these three groups. Through the approach of exegesis and sociology, the characters within this story can be analyzed. Therefore, this research uses a qualitative method with library research and descriptive analysis as the data analysis technique. The results of the study show that the character analysis of these three groups is divided into two categories: positive characteristics, which include social concern, obedience, loyalty, and perseverance, and negative characteristics, which include despair and rebellion. Efforts to contextualize the moral character in the phenomenon of KKN conclude that emphasizing the role of the passive group in society's structure can potentially lead to moral decay and social disorder. This occurs because individuals remain silent in the face of falsehood, causing the truth to become less dominant. This serves as a lesson for society that in order to form a civil society, there needs to be action and socialization in conveying the truth.
Dialektika Ideologi Islam Tradisionalis dan Reformis: Analisis Pemahaman Bisri Musthafa dan Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy
Authors: Ilyas Deddy , Rahmat Hidayat  , Thoriqul Aziz  , Abdul Kher
Published: July 2024

Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa ideologi yang dianut oleh setiap mufasir tidak dapat dilepaskan dari dalam dirinya etika menafsirkan sebuah ayat al-Qur’an. Studi ini mengkaji tentang dialektika antara ideologi Islam tradisionalis dan reformis yang terdapat dalam tafsir al-Ibriz karya Bisri Musthafa dan tafsir an-Nur karya Hasbi ash-Shiddieqy. Dalam kajian ini, penulis menggunakan studi pustaka (library research) murni dengan menggunakan teori sosiologi pengetahuan dari Karl Mannheim secara deskriptif-komparatif. Dengan demikian, kajian ini menghasilkan bentuk-bentuk dialektika di antara kedua tafsir yang meliputi seputar masalah taqlid, tawassul, dan bid’ah. Dari berbagai masalah tersebut, kedua mufasir memiliki pedapat yang saling bertolak belakang. Bisri sebagai pembela muslim Tradisionalis menerima praktik-praktik tersebut. Sementara Hasbi sebagai pembela Muslim reformis dengan tegas menolaknya.  Dialektika tersebut berdampak pada perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, pola pikir generasi setelah mufasir tersebut, dan memiliki kontribusi terhadap perkembangan khazanah tafsir al-Qur’an di Indonesia.
Understanding the Concept of Gender in Qur'anic Interpretation (A Feminist Study of the Thought of M. Quraish Shihab)
Authors: Anwar Akhmad Khoirul , Ghianovan Jaka , Shofa Ida Kurnia
Published: July 2024

في سياق عالمي، تتطور مسألة المفاهيم الجنسانية بشكل متزايد. لقد أصبح دور وحقوق المرأة في الجهود المبذولة لتحسين الاقتصاد ورفاهية المجتمع موضوعًا ساخنًا للدراسة بشكل متزايد بناءً على التطورات الحالية. وفي خضم المطالبات بفهم وجهات النظر الدينية حول قضايا النوع الاجتماعي في سياق فهم القرآن وتفسيرات العلماء. وهذا يدل على أهمية استكشاف مساهمة الإسلام في النضال من أجل المساواة بين الجنسين والمساهمة في الخطاب العالمي حول حقوق المرأة، ومفهوم المساواة بين الجنسين في الإسلام مع التركيز على تحليل تفسير القرآن الكريم. يهدف هذا البحث إلى فهم المنظور الإسلامي لمفهوم النوع من منظور تفسير المصباح. الطريقة المستخدمة هي النوعية مع نوع دراسة الأدب من خلال جمع وتحليل وتوليف النصوص القرآنية والأعمال ذات الصلة حول مفهوم الجنس. يستخدم أسلوب التفسير التفسير الإجمالي الذي يتم فيه التعبير عن معنى الآية بإيجاز ووضوح عالمي، وتظهر نتائج البحث أن الإسلام يؤكد على المساواة الأساسية بين الرجل والمرأة أمام الله، على الرغم من وجود اختلافات بيولوجية. تؤكد أفكار م. قريش شهاب على أن هذه الاختلافات هي فطرة فطرها الله، ولكنها ليست سببا للتقليل من حقوق المرأة أو تجاهلها. وهذا يدل على أن هذا البحث يؤكد على أهمية النضال من أجل المساواة بين الجنسين في سياق التعاليم الإسلامية وتشجيع الفهم الشامل والعادل لدور المرأة في المجتمع.
Pemahaman QS. at-Takatsur: Analisa Kritis Pandangan Pendidikan Agama Islam terhadap Fenomena Flexing
Authors: Aslihah Aslihah , Wasehudin Wasehudin , Abdul Muin  , Susari Susari
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the view of Islamic Religious Education towards the phenomenon of flexing or showing off wealth in QS. at-Takatsur. Using a qualitative descriptive-analitycly method, this article concludes that QS. at-Takatsur strongly criticizes human behavior that is too attached to materialistic world competition and excessive wealth. The verses of surah at-Takatsur warn of the negative consequences  of unbalanced  flexing. The emphasis  on  the importance of simplicity, gratitude, and justice in the management of wealth is the basis for the view of Islamic Religious Education towards flexing behavior. Thus, the view of Islamic Religious Education towards flexing as a challenge can be overcome through a deep understanding of the teachings of the Qur'an, the implementation of Islamic values in everyday life, and joint efforts to form a more balanced and just society. This article is expected to be one of the references and a better understanding of Islamic values that can shape Islamic character and reduce the negative impact of the flexing phenomenon in society.
Problematika Pembacaan Al-Qur’an dengan Nagham/Langgam Jawa dalam Wacana Islam Nusantara
Authors: Zunita Lut Fiana Pangesti  , Salamah Noorhidayati  , Kojin Kojin , Ahmad Zainal Abidin  , Melati Almatu Sholikah
Published: July 2024

This study aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the use of Javanese nagham in reciting the Qur'an. Scholars have debated this issue, and the purpose of this research is to analyze their views, conduct historical exploration, and understand the cultural context to establish a basis for critical thinking about the legal aspects of using Javanese nagham or langgam. Additionally, this research seeks to explore the implications that arise from this issue. The research methodology employed is qualitative, and data were collected through library research using descriptive-analytical methods. The study focuses on the differing perspectives of scholars regarding the use of Javanese nagham in Qur'anic recitation and its implications for the discourse of Nusantara Islam. The study reveals that scholars' opinions on the use of Javanese langgam in Qur'anic recitation are divided into three categories. The first category consists of scholars who support the use of Javanese style on the condition of adhering to the rules of tajwid. The second category comprises scholars who oppose the use of Javanese style, arguing that the Qur'an should be preserved from influences other than the Arabic nagham. The third category comprises moderate scholars who allow the use of any style as long as it adheres to the rules of tajwid. The implications of using Javanese nagham on the discourse of Nusantara Islam create conflicts between preserving cultural identity and religious conservation, differences in recitation patterns of the Qur'an and tajwid rules, and bring forth possible solutions to widely accept Javanese langgam recitation by the community. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive perspective on the use of Javanese nagham in reciting the Qur'an and its implications for the discourse of Nusantara Islam. The study highlights the differing perspectives of scholars and offers possible solutions to the conflicts arising from the use of Javanese style.
Bela as the Cultural Sacrification of the Implementation of Aqiqah and Tasyakuran in Gowok Kepuh Village, Serang City (Studi Living Qur’an)
Authors: Tamimi Setia Alam  , Sholahuddin Al Ayubi  , Ade Fakih Kurniawan
Published: July 2024

This study examines the phenomenon of cultural sacralization in the implemen-tation  of  aqiqah and tasyakuran  in  Gowok  Kepuh  Village, Sukajaya Village Curug District, Serang City, with the Living Qur'an Study approach. Aqiqah and Tasyakuran are religious practices in Islam that involve giving qurbani as an expression of gratitude to Allah for the birth of a child. The main objective of this study is to understand how the culture of aqiqah and tasyakuran is an integral part of the life of the local community and the extent to which the influence of religion and local wisdom interact in the implementation of this ritual. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive method with the Living Qur'an Study approach that emphasizes the understanding of religion in the context of daily life. Data were obtained through participatory observation, interviews, and analysis related to aqiqah and tasyakuran rituals. The findings of the study indicate that the implementation of aqiqah and tasyakuran in Gowok Kepuh Village has experienced a strong cultural sacralization, where local practices and religious values blend with each other such as the sacrifice of goats and chickens at the same time, the presence of candles, scissors, fragrances, water, and young coconuts The findings of this study can provide deeper insights into how local culture and religion can influence each other in the context of the implementation of religious rituals, as well as the relevance of the Living Qur'an Study in understanding and explaining this phenomenon. This research can also provide a more comprehensive view of social and religious dynamics in the community of Gowok Kepuh Village, Sukajaya Village, Curug District, Serang City.
Quality of Informed Consent in Phase III Clinical Trials in Portugal: The Participants’ Perspective
Authors: L. Ferreira Pedro , Barradas Ana , Ribeiro Inês
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Some studies show that participants do not always fully understand the informed consent form (ICF), which is one of the reasons for dropouts. This study aimed to adapt the Quality of Informed Consent (QuIC) questionnaire into a valid instrument to be applied to the Portuguese population and to measure its reliability and validity in the Portuguese population, by applying it to a sample of participants in controlled trials.Methods: The QuIC questionnaire was developed to assess the quality of informed consent in clinical trials and consists of two parts, addressing both the objective (part A) and the subjective (part B) understanding. After being translated and validated into Portuguese, it was implemented in 100 cardiac participants of phase III clinical trials in a University Hospital Center.Results: The QuIC-PT questionnaire showed excellent stability over time and good validity. All patients evaluated their participation and their health positively and recognized the main purpose of the clinical trial. Almost all participants understood their role in helping future patients and the purpose of the trial and realized that, by signing the ICF, they were participating in a clinical trial. However, none of them knew that their experimental treatment was not proven to be the best alternative for their condition.Conclusion: The QuIC-PT questionnaire seems to be a valid and useful instrument to evaluate the participants’ understanding of the ICF. In this study, we found that some concepts, like ‘study protocol’ or ‘randomization’, were not well understood by participants when signing the ICF, especially by participants with lower education levels. They also believed that the experimental intervention would solve their health condition. Greater awareness about the importance of the informed consent process and ICF is necessary so that participants can fully understand the protocol, especially the risks involved, and their rights as participants.
ifb/Familienreport : Familien in der Corona-Pandemie ; Unterstützung durch Familienbildung und Beratung in Bayern
Authors: Elsas Susanne , Rinklake Annika , Lüken-Klaßen Doris
Published: July 2024

Die Corona-Pandemie hat den Alltag der Menschen stark verändert. Für Familien waren neben allgemeinen Kontaktbeschränkungen besonders die phasenweisen (Teil-) Schließungen der Bildungs- und Betreuungseinrichtungen eine große Herausforderung. Dieser Familienreport beleuchtet aus dem Blickwinkel der Fachkräfte, die in den Einrichtungen der Familienbildung und Beratung tätig sind, welche Unterstützungsbedarfe Familien in Bayern im Frühjahr 2021 nach einem Jahr Pandemie hatten und auf welche Weise Familienbildung und mit Eltern und Schwangeren in dieser herausfordernden Zeit erreichbar und in Kontakt geblieben sind. Er basiert auf Daten, die im Rahmen des Projekts kontakt.los! vom ifb / Staatsinstitut für Familienforschung an der Universität Bamberg erhoben wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass im Mai 2021 noch immer weniger primärpräventive Angebote gemacht wurden als vor der Pandemie und auch insgesamt die Teilnahmezahlen noch geringer waren. Gleichzeitig zeigt sich auch, dass die Situation für die Familien sehr belastend war: Ratsuchende wandten sich vermehrt mit problembezogenen Anliegen an die Einrichtungen und die Fachkräfte nahmen mehr Fälle von Kindeswohlgefährdungen wahr. Die durch die Pandemie geänderten Rahmenbedingungen waren auch selbst Gegenstand der Anliegen der Ratsuchenden: Fragen rund um institutionelle Kinderbetreuung und Schule haben zugenommen, so wie auch Fragen zum Umgang mit Medien. Anliegen im Bereich der Primärprävention, insbesondere zur kindlichen Entwicklung und zu Aufklärung, Familienplanung und Verhütung sind hingegen stark in den Hintergrund getreten. Die Fachkräfte der Familienbildung und Beratung haben in dem einen Jahr zwischen Pandemiebeginn und dem Frühjahr 2021 bereits zahlreiche Angebote angepasst, um den veränderten Bedingungen und Bedarfen zu entsprechen. Einige Formate, die in der Vergangenheit eine wichtige Rolle gespielt haben, konnten nicht fortgeführt werden, so dass dafür analoge und digitale Alternativen gefunden werden mussten. Beratungsgespräche konnten gut an die Pandemiebedingungen angepasst werden, Gruppenangebote, wie Offene Treffs, Eltern-Cafés und Eltern-Kind-Gruppen ließen sich hingegen weniger gut an anpassen. Durch die notwendigen Anpassungen sind Familienbildung und Beratung in der Digitalisierung weit vorangeschritten. Das kann auch nach der Pandemie hilfreich sein, da Eltern und Schwangere in einigen Situationen mit digitalisierten Angeboten leichter erreicht werden können als mit analogen.
Análisis del Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje: el caso de los Estudiantes no hispanohablantes de Duoc UC
Authors: Silva Espíndola Katterine Ivannia , Astudillo Cavieres Giselle Solanze
Published: July 2024

Actualmente, la comunidad Duoc UC ha integrado alumnos no hispanohablantes debido a una ola migratoria producida por problemas políticos y sociales. En la búsqueda de inclusión estudiantil, la institución ha implementado el Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje (DUA), un enfoque de diseño de currículums que asegura el progreso, la adquisición de conocimientos y formación de todos los alumnos. Este estudio de caso busca analizar la implementación del DUA en el Programa Instruccional de las Asignaturas (PIA) en los programas de Lenguaje y Comunicación y Matemáticas de primer semestre de la institución en relación a la inclusión de los estudiantes no hispanohablantes. Como metodología, se realizó un análisis evaluativo curricular considerando el PIA, entrevistas a profesores de ambas asignaturas, y encuestas a alumnos no hispanohablantes. Como resultados, se evidencia la necesidad de realizar cambios en los programas para asegurar una correcta inclusión del DUA y de esta comunidad de estudiantes.
Recensión/Book Review "Tecnología versus/para el aprendizaje de lenguas. Reflexiones y conversaciones sobre el futuro de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de lenguas mediados por la tecnología"
Authors: Tacoronte Sosa Juan Pedro
Published: July 2024

Reseña crítica de la obra "Tecnología versus/para el aprendizaje de lenguas. Reflexiones y conversaciones sobre el futuro de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de lenguas mediados por la tecnología", de Fernando Trujillo-Sáez (coord.), Daniel Cassany, Cristelle Combe, Anita Ferreira, Christian Ollivier y Esperanza Román-Mendoza. Publicada en Difusión (2022).
Understanding Supplier Collaboration in E-Commerce Product Development
Authors: Grant Oliver
Published: July 2024

This qualitative study explores supplier collaboration in e-commerce product development, examining motivations, challenges, strategies, outcomes, and ethical considerations. Through in-depth interviews with stakeholders from diverse e-commerce sectors, the study identifies key themes shaping collaboration dynamics. Motivations include innovation, operational efficiency, and strategic partnerships, driving companies to integrate supplier expertise early in product development. Challenges such as global supply chain complexities, goal misalignment, and communication barriers underscore the need for robust governance and cultural sensitivity. Strategies for success include technology adoption, supplier development programs, and collaborative decision-making, enhancing supply chain visibility and mutual benefits. Effective collaboration yields improved product quality, cost efficiencies, and enhanced customer satisfaction, supporting competitive advantage. Ethical sourcing practices and sustainability initiatives are crucial for maintaining trust and regulatory compliance. Cultural and organizational factors, including leadership support and change management, significantly influence collaboration outcomes. The study concludes with implications for theory and practice, emphasizing the role of innovative strategies and continuous improvement in supplier relationships. Future research could explore digital transformation, sustainability trends, and technological impacts on supplier collaboration in e-commerce. Practical applications include optimizing supply chain strategies to navigate complexities and capitalize on market opportunities.
Application of Biochar from Acacia saligna Leaf in the Synthesis of TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors: Kanku Laury , Badmus Kassim Olasunkanmi , Wewers Francois
Published: July 2024

The large energy band gap associated with titanium oxide nanoparticle is a limitation to its application as a photo catalyst within the solar spectrum. More than 45% of solar radiation can be utilized at a reduced energy band gap of 〖TiO〗_2. Various structural modifications in 〖TiO〗_2 targeted in optimized photo catalyst application include the enhancement of its support system. Activated carbon supported 〖TiO〗_2 nanoparticle may produce the desired reduction in the energy band gap, reduce electron recombination and consequently enhance its photocatalytic activity in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum. In the current investigation, an activated carbon made from the leaves of an invasive plant (Acacia Saligna) was applied as a support in the synthesis (hydrothermal process) of 〖TiO〗_2 nanoparticle. The determination of energy band-gap of 〖TiO〗_2 supported activated carbon using UV-Vis spectrophotometer gave 2.11 eV. Likewise, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR), XRD and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) showed that 〖TiO〗_2was successfully immobilized on the activated carbon’s external surface. The BET results showed that the synthesized 〖TiO〗_2exhibits small hysteresis phenomenon which represent a typical type IV isotherm attributed to mesosoporous material with a low porosity. Meanwhile, these XRD results reveal the presence of mixture of rutile and anatase crystalline phase
A Risk Analysis Model for Biosecurity in Brazil Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: Silva Fillipe Augusto da , Vivoni Adriana Marcos , Gomes Harrison Magdinier , Oliveira Leonardo Augusto dos Santos , Parracho Sant´Anna Annibal , Gavião Luiz Octávio
Published: July 2024

This study proposes a risk analysis model based on the principles of ISO 31000 and decision theory for biological agents with potential for offensive use in Brazil. Bibliographic research was conducted on the main models already published on the subject. The German risk classification system was adopted as the main reference because it is adjustable and adopts a semiquantitative approach. After translating and adapting this model to the Brazilian context, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to generate a hierarchical tree with criteria and subcriteria to be considered in the risk assessment. A questionnaire was administered to a group of experts to evaluate the relevant criteria and subcriteria and the risks related to three biological agents (Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis), which were selected in an exploratory manner to exemplify the application of the model. According to the results, the criterion of impact of a biological attack was given greater importance when compared with the probability of occurrence of this event. According to the subcriteria, the greatest weight was attributed to human health when compared with agriculture, the environment, or the economy. Finally, in the evaluation of the three pathogens, B. anthracis was identified as having the highest risk for offensive use in Brazil. This research is focused on a practical approach and can be implemented by competent agencies to foster their capacity for biological defense by determining which pathogens represent the greatest risk to society.
The Improvement of Adaptive Immune Responses towards COVID-19 Following Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations in Indonesian Children: Exploring Roles of Heterologous Immunity
Authors: Santi Theresia , Jo Juandy , Harahap Alida Roswita , Werdhani Retno Asti , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki S. , SahBandar Ivo Novita , Prayitno Ari , Munasir Zakiudin , Vandenplas Yvan , Hegar Badriul
Published: July 2024

Background: Routine childhood vaccination, e.g., for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP), might provide an additional protection towards SARS-CoV-2 infection. This concept of heterologous immunity was explored in healthy children receiving both DTP and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 154 healthy children aged 6–8 years old in Jakarta, Indonesia. Their vaccination status of DTP (including diphtheria-tetanus booster vaccine at 5 years old) and CoronaVac (from 6 years old) were recorded. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all participants, in which anti-diphtheria toxoid IgG, anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibodies and T cell-derived IFN-g were measured. Results: Study participants with complete DTP vaccination had significantly higher titer of anti-diphtheria toxoid IgG than the ones without (median=0.9349 versus 0.2113 IU/mL; p<0.0001). Upon stratification based on DTP and CoronaVac vaccination statuses, participants with complete DTP and CoronaVac vaccinations had the highest titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibodies (median=1,196 U/mL) and the highest concentration of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell-derived IFN-g (median=560.9 mIU/mL) among all groups. Conclusion: Healthy children aged 6-8 years old with complete DTP and CoronaVac vaccinations exhibited higher SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune responses, particularly on their T-cell response. This suggests an additional benefit of routine childhood vaccination to generate protection against novel pathogens, presumably via heterologous immunity.
A Closest Resemblance Classifier with Feature Interval Learning and Outranking Measures for Improved Performance
Authors: Belacel Nabil
Published: July 2024

Classifiers face a myriad of challenges in today’s data-driven world, ranging from overfitting and high computational costs to low accuracy, imbalanced training datasets, and the notorious black box effect. Furthermore, many traditional classifiers struggle with the robust handling of noisy and missing feature values. In response to these hurdles, we present classification methods that leverage the power of feature partitioning learning and outranking measures. Our classification algorithms offer an innovative approach, eliminating the need for prior domain knowledge by automatically discerning feature intervals directly from the data. These intervals capture essential patterns and characteristics within the dataset, empowering our classifiers with newfound adaptability and insight. In addition, we employ outranking measures to mitigate the influence of noise and uncertainty in the data. Through pairwise comparisons of alternatives on each feature, we enhance the robustness and reliability of our classification outcomes. The developed classifiers are empirically evaluated on several data sets from UCI repository and are compared with well-known classifiers including k Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Neural Network (NN), Naive Bayesian (NB) and Nearest Centroid (NC). The experiments result demonstrate that the classifiers based on feature interval learning and outranking approaches are robust to imbalanced data and to irrelevant features and achieve comparably and even better performances than the well-known classifiers in some cases. Moreover, our proposed classifiers produce more explainable models whilst preserving high predictive performance levels.
Plant-Soil Microbial Interaction: Differential Adaptations of Beneficial vs. Pathogenic Bacterial and Fungal Communities to Climate-Induced Drought and Desiccation Stresses
Authors: Loiko Nataliya , Islam M. Nazrul
Published: July 2024

Climate change and the increasing frequency and severity of drought events pose significant challenges for sustainable agriculture worldwide. Soil microorganisms, both beneficial and pathogenic, play a crucial role in mediating plant-environment interactions and shaping the overall functioning of agroecosystems. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the contrasting adaptive mechanisms utilized by different groups of plant-soil microorganisms focusing on beneficial and pathogenic bacterial and fungal communities in response to drought and desiccation stresses. The review examines the common survival strategies employed by microbes specifically rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, such as the production of osmoprotectants, altered gene expression, and biofilm formation. It also highlights the distinct adaptive mechanisms of pathogenic versus mutualistic microbes, with pathogens tending to prioritize virulence factors and suppress plant growth, while beneficial microbes enhance plant growth and stress tolerance. Genetic exchange such as horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is identified as a key adaptive mechanism, allowing both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes to acquire beneficial traits like stress tolerance and virulence factors. Environmental stressors like drought can promote increased genetic exchange and the spread of pathogenic traits within the soil microbiome. The complex interplay between drought-adapted microbes and their interactions with plants is discussed, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of soil microbiome dynamics under climate change. This knowledge can be utilized in sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate the impacts of drought on plant health and productivity. This review provides insights into the divergent survival strategies of soil microorganisms in response to drought and desiccation, for managing the resilience of agroecosystems to climate change.
Quill Mites of the Subfamily Syringophilinae (Acariformes: Syringophilidae) Parasitising Starlings (Passeriformes: Sturnidae)
Authors: Marcisova Iva , Skoracki Maciej , Patan Milena , Hromada Martin , Sikora Bozena
Published: July 2024

Quill mites of the family Syringophilidae are widely distributed parasites of birds inhabiting the interior of feather quills. In this paper, we provide detailed information on the host spectrum and distribution for six previously described species of syringophilines associated with starlings with new host and locality records. Additionally, we describe three new species, Aulonastus indonesianus Marcisova, Skoracki and Patan sp. n. from the Common Hill Myna Gracula religiosa Linnaeus in Indonesia (Java) and the White-necked Myna Streptocitta albicollis (Vieillot) in Indonesia (Celebes), Aulonastus anais Skoracki and Patan sp. n. from the Golden Myna Mino anais (Lesson) in Papua New Guinea, and Syringophiloidus poeopterus Skoracki and Patan sp. n. from the Abbott's Starling Poeoptera femoralis (Richmond) in Tanzania. Finally, we explore the host-parasite interactions within the system comprising starlings and syringophiline mites.
Calculation of the Number of Transactions for Collatz Conjecture
Authors: Gocgen Ahmet F. , Buyukyayla Emin M.
Published: July 2024

In this article we have constructed a basic methodology from which important perspectives for both the Collatz conjecture and Beal's conjecture can be derived. We falsified the conjecture we previously developed on Beal's conjecture and made the falsified conjecture usable for Collatz conjecture. In this regard, we have clearly expressed the numbers that can reach 1 in the Collatz conjecture. Then, using this, we created a limit for the numbers that should be considered for the Collatz conjecture. Thanks to the analysis of this limit, we have clearly expressed the recursive Collatz function in an equation. Using this structure, we wrote a function that indicates how many times the Collatz function repeats certain numbers to reach 1.
Edges vs. Centers: Variability of Sarcomere Lengths Depends on What You Choose as “Sarcomere Ends”
Authors: Lookin Oleg , Cazorla Olivier , de Tombe Pieter
Published: July 2024

In our recent experimental study we found that variability in sarcomere lengths (SLs) is lower if we get them from A-band centers (visualized by Second Harmonic Generation microscopy, SHG) vs. Z-disks (ANEPPS-staining of t-tubules). In the present study we demonstrate, using a simulation approach, that the extent of variability and “randomness” in SL are directly affected by what “sarcomeric structure” is used to calculate the SL. We simulated randomly dispersed positions of Z-disks and calculated the center points between two Z-disks as A-band centers. We found that variance in SL, if calculated from A-band centers (A-SL), was twice lower vs. variance in Z-disk-based SL (Z-SL), regardless the predefined dispersion of Z-disks. Furthermore, A-SLs were “non-randomly” interrelated – each next A-SL tended to be longer if the preceding one was longer – in contrast to Z-SLs which were truly random. Next, we demonstrated the presence and prevalence of this “non-random” effect for A-SL vs. Z-SL in our previously acquired experimental records. The rationale for this artifact is the “mathematical dependence” of sarcomere center on its edges, and it must always be taken into account in the interpretation of smaller variability of the distance between sarcomeric A-band centers vs. the distance between Z-disks.
Numerical Modeling for Tunnel Lining Optimization
Authors: Suarez Fino Jose Francisco , Mayoral Villa Juan Manuel
Published: July 2024

The construction of tunnels excavated by the conventional method in densely populated urban environments requires an adequate characterization of the loads acting on the primary lining during the excavation process to ensure that the ground is deformed and stresses around the tunnel are relieved, simultaneously complying with the failure and serviceability limits of international standards while minimizing damage to nearby structures. In this paper, common lining design criteria are revisited, through the numerical simulation of an instrumented tunnel section which is part of a 4.5 km long metro line currently under construction in Mexico City. Key needs for improvement in current design approaches are identified. The tunnel was instrumented with load cells, extensometers, and topographical references for convergences and divergences. A three-dimensional finite difference model of the instrumented section was developed, and the load transfer mechanisms between the excavated soil and the primary lining was analyzed. Then, the numerical simulation of the contribution of the secondary lining in the overall stability for sustained load was established, along with the expected ground settlements, which can significantly affect nearby structures. Results gathered from this research are key for updating lining design criteria for urban tunnels built in stiff brittle soils.
Optimization of a Modular Nanotransporter Design for the Killing of Cancer Cells via Targeted Intracellular Delivery of a Photosensitizer
Authors: Alieva Rena T. , Ulasov Alexey V. , Khramtsov Yuri V. , Slastnikova Taniana A. , Lupanova Tatiana N. , Gribova Maria A. , Georgiev Georgii P. , Rosenkranz Andrey A.
Published: July 2024

Modular nanotransporters (MNTs) are drug delivery systems for targeted cancer treatment. Being composed of several modules, they offer the advantage of high specificity and biocompatibility in delivering drugs to the target compartment of cancer cells. The large carrier module brings together functioning MNT modules and serves as a platform for drug attachment. The development of smaller-sized MNTs via truncation of the carrier module looks advantageous in facilitating tissue penetration. In this study, two new MNTs with a truncated carrier module containing either an N-terminal (MNTN) or a C-terminal (MNTC) part were developed by genetic engineering. Both new MNTs demonstrated high affinity for target receptors, as revealed by fluorescently labeled ligand-competitive binding. The liposome leakage assay proved the endosomolytic activity of MNTs. Binding to the importin heterodimer of each truncated MNT was revealed by a thermophoresis assay, while only MNTN possessed binding to Keap1. Finally, the photodynamic efficacy of the photosensitizer attached to MNTN was significantly higher than when attached to either MNTC or the original MNT. Thus, this work reveals that MNT’s carrier module can be truncated without losing MNT functionality, favoring the N-terminal part of the carrier module due to its ability to bind Keap1.
Chiral Trapped Headspace GC-QMS-IMS: Boosting Untargeted Benchtop Volatilomics to the Next Level
Authors: Bodenbender Lukas , Rohn Sascha , Sauer Simeon , Jungen Markus , Weller Philipp
Published: July 2024

In the field of quality analysis of food and flavoring products, gas chromatography – quadrupole mass spectrometry – ion mobility spectrometry (GC-QMS-IMS) is a powerful technique for the simultaneous detection of volatile organic compounds (VOC) by both QMS and IMS. GC is an established technique for the separation of complex VOC-rich foods such as beverages, dairy and fruit products as well as flavorings in general. While the subsequent detection by IMS features soft ionization of fragile compounds (e.g., terpenes) with characteristic drift times, MS provides the analytes’ m/z-values for database substance identification. A limitation of the prominently used static headspace-based GC-QMS-IMS systems is the substantially higher sensitivity of IMS in comparison to full scan QMS, which results in the detection of relevant VOC only in IMS, but not in the QMS analyzer. The present study describes a new prototypic trapped-headspace (THS)-GC-QMS-IMS setup, with optimized active flow regulation, able to gain valuable data of both detectors. This ultimately allows the combination of a soft ionization with m/z values obtained from database-searchable electron ionization (EI) spectra and as such, offers a substantial advantage in fields of quality control. The new setup features aligned retention times for IMS and MS and sufficient signal intensities for QMS and IMS. The analytical setup was evaluated with a set of mango puree samples from various provenances and the data was evaluated by suitable machine learning approaches. The results demonstrate that THS-GC-QMS-IMS allows for the classification of mango purees from different cultivars and can be a promising alternative method for authenticity control of food, flavors, and beverages.
Theoretical Construct for Spatial Human Comfort
Authors: Riyaz Rayhan Mohammad
Published: July 2024

The overall comfort experienced by an individual in an n-dimensional space can be theoretically constructed using a mathematical equation, that relates the comfort experienced by an individual in a particular point in space with spatial points associated with higher comfort attributes and the desirable factors affecting the current environmental space.
Simulation-Based Optimization Workflow of CO2-EOR for Hydraulic Fractured Wells in Wolfcamp a Formation
Authors: Bui Dung , Pham Duc , Nguyen Son , Nguyen Kien
Published: July 2024

Hydraulic fracturing has enabled production from unconventional reservoirs in the U.S., but production rates often decline sharply, limiting recovery factors to under 10%. This study optimizes the CO2 huff-n-puff process for multistage-fractured horizontal wells in Wolfcamp A formation in the Delaware Basin. The potential for enhanced oil recovery and CO2 sequestration simultaneously was addressed using a coupled geomechanics-reservoir simulation. Geomechanical properties were derived from a 1D mechanical earth model and integrated into reservoir simulation to replicate hydraulic fracture geometries. The fracture model was validated using a robust production history matching. Fluid phase behavior analysis refined the equation of state, and 1D slim tube simulations determined a minimum miscibility pressure of 4300 psi for CO2 injection. After the primary production phase, various CO2 injection rates were tested from 1 to 25 MMSCFD/well, resulting in incremental oil recovery ranging from 6.3% to 69.3%. Different injection, soaking, and production cycles were analyzed to determine the ideal operating condition. The optimal scenario improved cumulative oil recovery by 68.8% while keeping the highest CO2 storage efficiency. The simulation approach proposed by this study provides a systematic workflow for evaluating and optimizing CO2 huff-n-puff in hydraulically fractured wells, enhancing the recovery factor of unconventional reservoirs.
Nano ZnO and Bioinoculants Mitigates Effects of Deficit Irrigation on Nutritional Quality of Green Peppers
Authors: Martins Bruna Lorrane Rosendo , Ferreira Kaiki Nogueira , Rocha Josinaldo Lopes Araujo , Rocha Railene Hérica Carlos , Lopes Guilherme , Santos Leônidas Canuto dos , Bezerra Neto Francisco , Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva , Silva Toshik Iarley da , Da Silva Whashington Idalino , De Lima Geovani Soares , Paiva Francisco Jean da Silva , Santos José Zilton Lopes
Published: July 2024

Green peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) is a fruit vegetable with great culinary versatility, and present important nutritional properties for human health. Water deficit negatively affects nutritional quality of green peppers fruits. This study aimed to investigate the influence of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), associated with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), on the post-harvest quality nutritional of green peppers subjected to water deficit. In an open-field ex-periment, two irrigation levels (50 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration - Etc), four treatments composed by combination of ZnONPs, zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and PGPB (T1 = ZnSO4, T2 = foliar ZnONPs, T3 = foliar ZnONPs + PGPB, T4 = ZnSO4 via soil + PGPB via soil) and a control treatment (Check) were tested. Water deficit or water deficit mitigation treatments did not interfere with the physical-chemical parameters (except vitamin C content) and physical color parameters (except L*) of green pepper. The water deficit reduced the levels of Ca, Mg, P, K, Mn, Fe, B, and Zn in the fruits. The foliar application of ZnONPs in association with PGPB provided better nutritional quality of green pepper in terms of vitamin C and mineral nutrients. Under water deficit, ZnONPs or ZnSO4 via foliar, associated or not with PGPB, increased the levels of Ca, P, Mg, and Fe in the fruits. Applying Zn via foliar as ZnONPs or ZnSO4 mitigated the negative effects of water deficit on the quality of pepper fruits that was enhanced by the Bacillus subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens inoculation.
The Role of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Induced by Circadian Rhythm Disruption in Cardiometabolic Diseases
Authors: Li Qin-yao , Liu Chang , Zhang Yi-xin , Sun Jia-cen , Wang Wei-Zhong
Published: July 2024

With the development of social economy, the quality of national life has been rapidly improved, along with the accelerated aging of the population and the continued prevalence of metabolic risk factors. Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) have become a major disease burden for both urban and rural residents in China, and most of them are related to lifestyle changes in modern society, especially circadian rhythm disorders. Circadian rhythm regulating the activity of metabolism, such as carbohydrates, lipids, and other nutrients, is the most important pathway modulating the health. Nowadays, studies have shown that the interaction between circadian rhythmicity and gut microbiota counts for the homeostasis of metabolic health, while circadian rhythm disruption is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic diseases. However, there is a lack of research on the topic of gut microbiota mechanisms regulating circadian rhythm disruption leading to CMDs. With increased burden of CMDs prevention and treatment, as well as the demand of healthcare resource allocation, it prompts us to put forward a new strategy to solve this problem. This review focuses on the interactions between circadian rhythm and gut microbiota to elucidate the potential mechanisms of circadian rhythm disruption induced CMDs, providing a solid support for further prevention and treatment.
Dark Side of Cannabis: Impact on Mental Health and Rising Abuse
Authors: Thakur Nancy , Durrany Abida , Kumar Mukesh , Bajwan Deepika , Kumar Devendra
Published: July 2024

Substance abuse is a significant public health issue both globally and nationally. Substance abuse involves the detrimental or risky consumption of psychoactive substances, posing a significant global issue, particularly among the youth. In India, cannabis abuse is a major concern. Cannabis is consumed legally in many states as Bhang, also known as marijuana or weed, while Charas and Ganja are illegal under both international drug conventions and the Indian NDPS Act of 1985. The Cannabis users are at great risk of developing Cannabis use disorder which is a pattern of problematic cannabis use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. It is the most widely used illegal substance worldwide, showing a high prevalence in India.
Cadmium Ion Removal From Wastewater Utilizing Biomass-Based Materials: A Review
Authors: Osei Matthew Duah , Sesu Frank , Ziang Huaxi , Lee Ziang , Han Shu , Jiang Jianguo , Lin Ma
Published: July 2024

The world is struggling with the increasing rate at which water bodies are constantly polluted due to rapid modernization and industrialization. The different types of water contaminants include both anthropogenic and natural contaminants. Environmentalists are mainly concerned about heavy metals such as cadmium ions, as they are considered poisonous and carcinogenic even if they are present at a minimum concentration, and they are considered an immediate concern, according to the World Health Organization. Recently, many methods, such as solvent extraction, ion exchange, electrochemical precipitation, and reverse osmosis, have been developed to remove heavy metals from wastewater. These methods have been reported to be expensive and inefficient; hence, more cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative strategies are needed. Amidst these challenges, a ray of hope emerges in the form of biosorbents. These abundant, eco-friendly, and cost-efficient materials have shown promise as an alternative method for removing heavy metals from wastewater. They are equipped with functional groups that can effectively absorb metal ions onto their surfaces, offering a potential solution to our water contamination woes. This review is significant as it delves into the potential use of several biosorbents to decontaminate cadmium ions from wastewater. This review is significant as it delves into the potential use of several biosorbents to decontaminate cadmium ions from wastewater
Nephrectomy Due to Non-Functional Kidney Caused by Ureteral Calculus: a Case Report
Authors: Zhang Zijian
Published: July 2024

This case report details a 34-year-old male with asymptomatic ureteral calculus leading to non-functional kidney and subsequent nephrectomy. Initially diagnosed with left hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction, nephrostomy treatment showed no kidney function improvement. Enhanced CT confirmed left ureteral calculus and hydronephrosis. After preoperative assessment and one month post-nephrostomy, robotic-assisted left nephrectomy was performed. Postoperative recovery was successful, with slight improvement in biochemical renal function. This report underscores the importance of early diagnosis and intervention of obstructive stones and the necessity of regular urinary system checks to prevent kidney function deterioration.