bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibility of reuse treated wastewater for irrigation
Authors: Abdelnaby Mahdi hendawi , Yousef Ahmed abdelati
Published: February 2020

Unconventional water regards as an important source to ensure the water requirements for many Arabic countries, particularly in Libya which is suffering scars of irrigation water for some kinds of crops. So many treatment plants have been constructed in the main cities, but the reuse of treated water is still limited due to their environmental effects, whereas the reuse of these water needs an excess of researches and tests to satisfy the standards of recycling.
The objective of this study is the seeking for aother new sources of unconventional water such as treated sewage water, grey water, and desalinated water to insure the water requirements.
The studied samples have been collected from sewage water to perform the the different tests of evaluation this water, such as physical, chemical and biological measurements to determine the nature of water after treatment process.
In the spotlight of the obtained results from laboratory tests in Tobruk treatment plant, it is clear that reveal a high efficieny of treatment from pollutants that can enable us for recycling and reuse this water for irrigation.
Consequently, we recommended to spotlight on these great quantities of these waters to exploit in different purposes that regarded as a renewable source of water.
Cambios y permanencias de la tecnología constructiva de la casa maya en Mérida, Yucatán
Authors: Román-Kalisch Manuel Arturo , Piñón-Jiménez Aniela
Published: February 2020

Una de las características que identifica a la casa maya es la tecnología constructiva ancestral que ha sobrevivido hasta nuestros días. Esta tecnología tradicional contiene componentes importantes, como la utilización de materiales del medio ambiente natural y el conocimiento constructivo heredado. Sin embargo, desde el último tercio del siglo xx hasta el día de hoy, la vivienda maya y su tecnología constructiva se han visto afectados por diversos factores que han ocasionado cambios en su estado de conservación y en los componentes constructivos.

El objetivo de este artículo es plantear los cambios y permanencias tecnológicos de las casas mayas de lascomisarías en el municipio de Mérida, propiciados por factores sociales, ambientales, económicos y políticos que han dado como resultado una tipología constructiva que la caracteriza en la actualidad. Se efectuó un estudio técnico-constructivo para caracterizar a las viviendas mayas supervivientes de la zona de estudio, así mismo, se efectuaron entrevistas con sus habitantes para obtener datos sobre la antigüedad de la vivienda, constructores y transmisión del conocimiento constructivo. Se observó que las viviendas de las comisarías de la zona norte presentaron más cambios tecnológicos que las del sur y una constante fue el fuerte deterioro de las viviendas por la falta de mantenimiento y abandono.
Claroscuros en el desarrollo del Estado de México. Un análisis espacial del Índice de Desarrollo Humano
Authors: Moranchel-Bustos Jorge Luis , Carbajal Suárez Yolanda
Published: February 2020

El presente trabajo analiza la forma en que se distribuye el Índice de Desarrollo Humano y sus componentes en los 125 municipios del Estado de México. El objetivo es determinar si estos fenómenos se encuentran en el territorio de forma dispersa o tienen algún grado de concentración. A partir del uso de técnicas propias del análisis exploratorio de datos espaciales, se confirma la presencia de heterogeneidad y dependencia espacial positiva en el IDH, y sus componentes a nivel de educación e ingresos, no así para el nivel de salud.
Aporte de la economía del transporte al ordenamiento territorial
Authors: García Schilardi María Emilia
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el aporte teórico conceptual de la economía del transporte al ordenamiento territorial a través de un análisis comparado del estado de situación actual de cada uno de estos enfoques en relación a sus principales conceptos y metodologías. Como resultado se detecta que existen diversos puntos de vinculación entre estos enfoques. Principalmente, se observa que la economía del transporte es la disciplina que aporta los conceptos, metodologías y marco teórico para conocer el comportamiento del mercado de este servicio y que el ordenamiento territorial como política pública transversal integra estas herramientas y las complementa con otras provenientes de diversas disciplinas.
Del estancamiento estabilizador al dinamismo productivo en México
Authors: Sánchez Juárez Isaac , García Almada Rosa
Published: February 2020

Este artículo se enfoca en demostrar que la producción y empleo entre 2000-2017 registraron una evolución totalmente insatisfactoria como consecuencia del diseño y ejecución de una política económica centrada en la estabilidad de los precios y las finanzas públicas equilibradas. Para verificar lo anterior se utilizaron estadísticas oficiales. Entre los principales hallazgos se tiene que la economía creció de forma mediocre, en términos per cápita 0.94% en promedio y en materia de generación de empleo formal 1.02%. Por lo tanto, se recomienda el establecimiento de un modelo de dinamismo productivo, con el ánimo de generar un cambio estructural positivo que eleve el crecimiento de la producción y empleo.
Efectos tributarios del Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal (RIF) en México: 2014- 2017
Authors: Vazquez-Camargo Daniel Alejandro , Gutiérrez-Moreno Patricia
Published: February 2020

Con el objetivo de disminuir la evasión fiscal y la informalidad que se presentaba en contribuyentes pequeños, se implementó en la reforma de 2014 un nuevo régimen que tendría diversos beneficios fiscales. El sistema buscaba atraer a las personas y empresas que se encuentran en la informalidad e ir incorporando a nuevos contribuyentes bajo un esquema de beneficios que, en principio, significarían un gasto para el erario. Utilizando una metodología descriptiva y explicativa, en esta investigación se presentan los resultados que ha dado el nuevo régimen en el periodo de 2014 a 2017.
La mercadotecnia en la competitividad internacional del café mexicano: Revisión de literatura
Authors: Hernández-Tolentino Alicia , Favila-Tello Antonio
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue hacer una revisión de literatura sobre cómo la mercadotecnia favorece la competitividad internacional del café mexicano. A través de una revisión documental, se establece que el tema ha sido ampliamente abordado no sólo para el caso del café mexicano, sino también para otros productos sujetos a dificultades similares. Entre tales dificultades: la constante fluctuación de los precios y la elevada concentración de los canales de distribución. El análisis realizado sugiere diversas alternativas útiles para mejorar la competitividad del sector, tales como, la asistencia de los cafetaleros a ferias internacionales del ramo, la gestión de certificaciones internacionales de calidad, la mejora de la organización y las prácticas administrativas de los involucrados, la firma de alianzas entre productores, organismos internacionales y el gobierno, así como la diferenciación y diversificación de la oferta local y el impulso a la innovación.
Factores que influyen en la decisión de compra del consumidor de los Food Trucks
Authors: García-Echevarría Virginia Guadalupe , Miranda-Zavala Ana María , Cruz-Estrada Isaac
Published: February 2020

La gastronomía, desde su origen hasta nuestros días, se ha ido renovando y reinventando a través de nuevas formas de transformación y presentación de los alimentos, así como de las variadas maneras de acercarse más al consumidor. El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar los factores que influyen en la decisión de compra de los consumidores de food trucks, en la ciudad de Tijuana, Baja California. En la revisión de literatura, el modelo de negocio food trucks posee un gran potencial para los inversionistas y/o emprendedores ya combina una variedad de conceptos y filosofías que ayudan a un crecimiento tanto económico como de la comunidad, aprovechando al máximo las redes sociales para su difusión. En la parte metodológica, se aplicaron 385 encuestas en cuatro colectivos gastronómicos de mayor afluencia de la ciudad. En los resultados se obtuvo que algunos de los factores que influyen al elegir un colectivo gastronómico son el sabor, la calidad y la presentación de los platillos; el precio es el que menos influye en la decisión. Además, otros aspectos sobresalientes son el fácil acceso al lugar y su ubicación céntrica. Las edades de los consumidores, en mayor porcentaje, oscilan entre 21 y 26 años.
Características del dueño-administrador en la innovación y desempeño de pequeñas y medianas empresas metalmecánicas del Valle de Toluca
Authors: García-Marín Osvaldo , Nava-Rogel Rosa María
Published: February 2020

En este estudio se analiza la relación que existe entre las características del dueño-administrador y la innovación y el desempeño de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) metalmecánicas del Valle de Toluca. Utilizando la tipología de orientación estratégica desarrollada por Miles y Snow (1978), se determina que en la muestra de pymes metalmecánicas participantes en esta investigación predominan los perfiles defensores y analistas. En ambos tipos se encontraron niveles similares de innovación y desempeño. Por otra parte, el rol que juega la persona que está dirigiendo la organización es la característica que presenta diferencias significativas. Esto es, los dueños tienen un mayor nivel de innovación y desempeño que los administradores. Se presentan algunas propuestas para las PYMES metalmecánicas de la industria automotriz del Valle de Toluca.
Adopción de la responsabilidad social empresarial en una empresa manufacturera de Mexicali, Baja California
Authors: Gómez-Córdova Bernardette Eunice , Vela-Reyna Juan Benito
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar y reconocer el efecto que genera el adoptar prácticas de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) en los trabajadores del área de producción de una empresa del sector de manufactura en la Ciudad de Mexicali, Baja California. Para ello, se analizó primeramente la literatura para identificar y validar este comportamiento mediante un modelo ya propuesto, que además incluyera un instrumento que permitiera explicar la relación existente en las variables referentes al aspecto del cuidado de la salud, la seguridad y las condiciones de trabajo, el desarrollo profesional y la empleabilidad, y el alcance que pueda llegar a tener en el ámbito familiar de los colaboradores. La muestra fue trazada considerando los tres turnos de operatividad laboral de la empresa. Los principales hallazgos indican que los trabajadores detectan positivamente la aplicación de prácticas de RSE. Los empleados, además, reconocieron que la empresa realiza actividades para el desarrollo dentro y fuera de su área de trabajo; lo que les proporciona un sentido de pertenencia y calidad de vida.
Las relaciones objetales y el intento de suicidio
Authors: Villafaña Montiel Lourdes Gabriela , Oudhof Van Barneveld Hans , Mercado Maya Aida
Published: February 2020

El intento de suicidio representa un problema de salud pública que ha resultadomuy complejo ya que entraña aspectos sociales y fenomenológicos que suelenabatirse en las estadísticas que son presentadas, por ejemplo, el Instituto Nacionalde Estadística y Geografía (INEGI, 2017) en el informe a propósito del día de laprevención del suicidio, informó que en 2015 se registraron 6,285 suicidios enMéxico, atribuyendo como motivos principales conflictos amorosos y familiares.Uno de los mayores desafíos a los que se enfrenta la psicología al tratar de darrazón al suicidio es enfrentar los motivos y significados que yacen alrededordel acto. La presente investigación se orientó hacía el análisis de las relacionesobjétales a través de la exploración de los factores relacionados con el suicido; enla misma colaboraron 20 participantes, a los que se les aplicó el Test de RelacionesObjétales de Phillipson (2014). Entre los hallazgos más importantes se encuentranlas marcas psíquicas de la infancia que están relacionados con maltrato físico,psicológico y en algunos casos abuso sexual por parte de algún progenitor. Loanterior fue determinante en las relaciones con otros en el futuro y la resistencia asoportar su propia existencia.
PENGARUH PROMOSI, TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PENGGUNAAN LAYANAN DIGITAL DIMEDIASI OLEH PENGETAHUAN KONSUMEN DAN KEPERCAYAAN KONSUMEN DI BANK SUMSEL BABEL CABANG PRABUMULIH
Authors: Hendro Omar , Asiati Diah Isnaini , Sari Dwi Puspita
Published: February 2020

This study aims to find out "The Influence of Promotion, Against the Decision on the Use of Digital Services Mediated by Consumer Knowledge and Consumer Confidence in the Babylon Bank of South Sumatra Branch". Problem formulation is a problem that will be answered by the research objectives. This study uses a statistical analysis tool that is multiple linear regression. The results of the calculation, the influence of each construct on the construct; first, Promotion has a positive and significant effect on Consumer Trust. The results of data analysis obtained a t-value of 27,182 with a t-table value of 1,965973. Second, Promotion has a significant effect on Consumer Knowledge. The results of data analysis obtained a t-value of 25.218 with a t-table value of 1.965973. This means that the Promotion variable has a significant effect on the Consumer Knowledge variable. Third, Consumer Trust has a positive and significant effect on Decision of Use. The results of data analysis obtained a t-value of 4.169 with a t-table value of 1.965973. Fourth, Consumer Knowledge has a positive and significant effect on Decision of Use. The results of data analysis obtained a value of t-value of 3.561 with a t-table value of 1.965973. Fifth, Promotion has a positive and significant effect on the Decision of Use. The results of data analysis obtained a t-value of 3.342 with a t-table value of 1.965973. This means that the Promotion variable has a positive and significant effect on the Decision Use variable
Excellent environmental performance of beet sugar production in the Netherlands
Authors: de Crom Bertram , Scholten Jasper , van Diepen Janjoris
Published: February 2020

To get more insight in the environmental performance of the Suiker Unie beet sugar, Blonk Consultants performed a comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study on beet sugar, cane sugar and glucose syrup. The system boundaries of the sugar life cycle are set from cradle to regional storage at the Dutch market. For this study 8 different scenarios were evaluated. The first scenario is the actual sugar production at Suiker Unie. Scenario 2 until 7 are different cane sugar scenarios (different countries of origin, surplus electricity production and pre-harvest burning of leaves are considered). Scenario 8 concerns the glucose syrup scenario. An important factor in the environmental impact of 1kg of sugar is the sugar yield per ha. Total sugar yield per ha differs from 9t/ha sugar for sugarcane to 15t/ha sugar for sugar beet (in 2017). Main conclusion is that the production of beet sugar at Suiker Unie has in general a lower impact on climate change, fine particulate matter, land use and water consumption, compared to cane sugar production (in Brazil and India) and glucose syrup. The impact of cane sugar production on climate change and water consumption is highly dependent on the country of origin, especially when land use change is taken into account. The environmental impact of sugar production is highly dependent on the co-production of bioenergy, both for beet and cane sugar.
Improvement in physical river habitat quality in response to river restoration measures
Authors: Kujanová Kateřina , Matoušková Milada
Published: February 2020

The main goal of this paper is to verify the hypothesis that application of appropriate restoration measures can lead to an improvement in river habitat quality and to achieve good hydromorphological conditions within the ecological status under the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/ES. The study includes an analysis of river network modifications founded on comparing historical and present-day maps, a determination of regional hydromorphological reference conditions based on a field survey and measurements, an assessment of hydromorphological quality of the studied water body and a proposal of appropriate restoration measures. The effects on improvement in hydromorphological status were predicted on the basis of a simulation of hydromorphological conditions after the application of proposed restoration measures. Overall, at least a good hydromorphological status would be achieved. The study proved that it is essential to carry out a hydromorphological survey including a determination of reference conditions as it provides some outputs necessary for a proposal and application of efficient restoration.
Сoncepts of optical art in contemporary wood plastic
Authors: Symotiuk Nazar
Published: February 2020

The article reviews the basic concepts of the formation of optical art. The key ideas of op-art development and the importance of the popularity of the style of optical art have been listed. The article demonstrates the significance of the influence of op-art on the formation of modern wood plastic with the use of optical techniques.
This study aims to broaden the modern view of abstract wood plasticity and deprive it of traditional canonization.
The psychophysical influence of optical illusions on the viewer has been considered. The influence of technological progress on the formation of optical techniques in visual practices has been determined, their specificity and transformation in different spheres of artistic process have been determined. The value of synthesis of op-art and kinetic art in creation of various visual effects in modern wooden plastic has been traced.
The analysis of recent publications, which emphasizes the interest of scientists in this direction, has been carried out. In particular, the peculiarities of application of methods of optical art in wood plastic on the example of creativity of the young generation of Lviv artists, graduates of the department of artistic wood of LNAA, have been determined. At the same time, the importance of further research of the poorly explored synthesis of optical art and wood plastics has been emphasized.
Drawing legacy of professor of Kyiv State Art Institute Kostiantyna (Kostia) Yelevy
Authors: Maistrenko-Vakulenko Yuliia
Published: February 2020

The study attempts to illuminate and analyze facts from the biography of the professor of the Kyiv Art Institute Kostia Yeleva. The creative and pedagogical path of Kostia Yeleva is investigated, in particular, attention is paid to the artistic analysis of his drawing heritage. The chronology of Professor K. Yeleva's teaching period at the Kiev Art Institute has been clarified. Kostya Yeleva played the role of a historical link between M. Boichuk's school and the modern art process through his students: professor of the department of drawings Y. Iatchenko, professors of the department of painting and composition T. Holembiievska, O. Lopukhova, V. Puzyrkova, V. Chekaniuk, V. Shatalina, T. Yablonska. In turn, they taught many generations of students. The creativity of the K.Yeleva as an drawing artist was studied. Based on a educational and methodological collection of the department of drawing, the artist's heritage was analyzed by the varieties: drawings of landscape and living nature, sketches of figures, drawings of the figure, head and nude nature. The analytical approach of the master to the interpretation of form, generalization, monumentality, linear solution with minimal input of tone, emphasized constructiveness are emphasized.
A comparative analysis of K. Yeleva's drawings with the works of M. Boichuk, O. Bohomazov is carried through. Dating of certain drawings of the naked nature of K. Yeleva in the 1920s-1930s is specified. The results of the research give reasons to claim that Kostya Yelev made a significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian art of the twentieth century.
Real-time Fuzzy Image Processing Method for Visual feedback of a Follower Robot
Authors: Davoudi Mohsen , Heidarian Afshin
Published: February 2020

In this paper, an adaptive visual feedback system and controller has been designed and implemented in real-time to control the movements of a line follower robot to be smoother and faster. The robot consists of a couple of motorized wheels, the real-time controller and a CMOS camera as the only sensor for detecting line and feedback. The measurement based on real-time image processing and motor drive feedback used in this robot makes it robust to the obstacles and surface disturbances that may deviate robot. The image processing algorithm is adaptive to the line’s color and width too. Image processing techniques have been implemented in real-time to detect the line in the image frame and extract the necessary information (like line’s edge, coordinates and angle). A NI myRIO module is used as a stand-alone hardware unit and RT (Real-Time) target for implementation of controllers and image processing in LabVIEW environment. Both results of real-time and non-real-time implementation of controllers have been compared. To show the performance of real-time image processing in the control of this robot, three types of controllers (i.e. P, PI and Fuzzy controllers) have been implemented for line following tests and the results have been compared. At the end, it was found that the fuzzy controller controls the robot movements smoother, faster, with less errors and quicker response time compare to the other controllers
APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR NON-LINEAR REACTION DIFFUSION EQUATIONS IN MODELING OF A BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL BIOFILTER
Authors: DHARMALINGAM K. M. , VALLI K. , VEERAMUNI M.
Published: February 2020

The aim of the present work is to find the solution for concentration of pollutant in the biofilm phase using HPM with complex inversion method. The obtained results are validated and illustrate the efficiency of future technique from the figure. Furthermore, the reported analytical result is useful in future modification of mathematical modeling of the biofilter.
Analisa Pengendalian Piutang Terhadap Resiko Piutang Tak tertagih Pada PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading Tbk Cabang Bogor
Authors: Rachman Rachmawaty
Published: February 2020

Credit policies can have a significant effect on sales. Credit is one of the factors that influence the demand for the company's products. The level of credit that can drive demand depends on various other factors that are applied. The company determines billing policies by combining various billing elements that are applied. To maximize the increased profits resulting from credit and billing policies, companies have to use these policies alternately to achieve maximum solutions. The solution will determine the best combination from credit standards, cash discount policies, special requirements, and the level of expenditure for billing. When there is no credit standard, the sales can be maximal but are covered with large losses due to long average billing periods. When the credit standard is applied and the applicant starts to be rejected, the profit from the sale will go down but the average billing period and the loss due to uncollectible accounts will go down.

To overcome this we need a good system that is needed by the company in carrying out business activities and can provide information to outside parties and within the company. The system consists of policies and procedures designed to give management adequate confidence that the goals and objectives that are important to the business unit can be achieved. This procedure can be in the form of sales procedures, shipping procedures, receivables recording procedures. These policies and procedures are called internal control of a business unit.

Keywords: Terms of granting credit and internal control over receivables.
Analisis Pengaruh Kurs Rupiah dan Inflasi Terhadap Net Ekspor
Authors: Soelehan Aan , Marpaung Annaria Magdalena
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this research is to find out the direct or indirect effect of rupiah exchange rate and inflation on net export. The method used for this research is path analysis method. The independent variable is exchange rate and inflation, while the dependent variable is net export. The intervening variable is gross domestic product (GDP) deflator and foreign exchange reserve.

Based on the result of this research, it can be found out the direct effect of exchange rate on foreign exchange reserve and the direct effect of foreign exchange on net export. In another side, there are direct effect of inflation to PDB deflator and PDB deflator to net export. The conclusion yielded shows that there are indirect effect of exchange rate and inflation to net export.

 

Keywords: exchange rate; inflation; GDP deflator; foreign exchange; net export
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Supriadi Yoyon , Ariffin Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Stock is an investment instrument which is prefered at the present. Basically, the purpose of investing in stock field is to get capital gain or investment rate return at high stage. Financial performance is a standard to find out the condition of a company based on its annual financial statement. Financial condition can be taken note of by making use of financial ratio analysis. The author utilizes Earning per Share, Return on  Assets, and Operating Profit Margin to know the financial performance.

The purpose of this research is to find out the impact of financial performance on stock price. The author knows the financial performance from EPS (X1), ROA (X2), and OPM (X3) of Stock Price (Y). EPS, ROA, and OPM are taken by the author from performance summary originated in IDX. The research was conducted during the period 2006 through 2010 by taking samples at PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. and PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk engaged in basic industry, that is cement industry.

Based on the result of this research, it can be concluded that just Operating Profit Margin Ratio at PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa has significant effect on stock price, whereas Return on Equity and Earning per Share at the same company do not have significant effect on stoc price. Earning per Share, Return on Equity, and Operating Profit Margin at PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk. do not have ignificant effect. Therefore, it can be concluded that there are external factors influencing stock price at PT Indocement Tunggal prakarsa Tbk. and PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk. The example is global crisis 2008 originated in The United States presented impact on cement industry; the stock price of cement industry decreased then.

 

Keywords:financial performance (EPS, ROA, and OPM); stock price at the end of the year
Analisa Rasio Keuangan Likuiditas, Profitabilitas dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Kebijakan Pembayaran Dividen Penyertaan
Authors: Setiana Anna , Melania Indah
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of the company’s performance to the welfare of shareholders by way of measuring the level of the company’s financial ratio expected having influence toward  the dividend level yielded.

Based on the result of the study, the liquidity of PT Estika Yasakelola can be said has not satisfied yet because, observed from current ratio and quick ratio, PT Estika Yasakelola has found it difficult to pay short term debt that has been due date. Viewed in general, the profitability percentage has not been  satisfactory as well. It’s due to  the percentage of net profit margin  is too low, with the result that income left to cover the operational cost is too small. To improve the performance of of the company, PT Estika Yasakelola has to work more efficiently. The company must seek to improve cost efficiency by lowering cost items or increasing product selling price without reducing the competitiveness of the company. The description of solvency ratio fluctuation above reflects that the stability increase of the company in managing its dect is due to outstanding credit decrease caused by on time credit payment and because of the company keep continue to expand with its own fund.

The result of this research shows that the company should improve its performance more,  work more efficiently, reduce cost items or increase product selling price so that the company will be able to reduce operational costs. PT Estika yasakelola must be able to manage the fund, so that the company’s profit increases more and more and the company will be able to survive unwaveringly. The management must be able to maintain the sharekolders’ trust. Therefore, the  level of shareholders’ welfare can be guaranteed.

 

Keywords: analysis of financial liquidity ratio; profitability, and solvency
Pengaruh Komunitas Pengguna Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Studi Kasus Pada Pengguna Sepeda Motor Honda Tiger
Authors: Supardi Frans , Fadillah Adil , Hakim Lukmanul
Published: February 2020

Community is the right thing to deal with competitors, especially competitors that produce similar products. Through the community, the company will get the informations about complaints and consumer expectations.The community also can create emotional bonds and functional for their products, so customers will be customers who recommend products and company will defend the company's products even deaths (customer advocate). By utilizing a community, the company is expected to create customer loyalty that will impact on increasing sales volume and increased profits (earnings) of the company. Due to the company creates loyal customers is the primary mission to bring stability to earnings. If the company is able to create customer loyalty in its consumers, then it is likely to win the competition is open. Companies must be able to meet the anxieties and dreams of their customers to create customer loyalty, and the most minimal cost option is through the community.

This study aims to determine how the responses of honda tiger motorcycle users who are members of the community. To find out how the level of customer loyalty on the honda tiger motorcycle users. To find out how the community influences on customer loyalty Tiger Honda motorcycle products.

The results of the analysis of community influence on customer loyalty derived regression equation Y = 8.597 + 0.749 X, can be interpreted that, if the value is 1 then the community will increase customer loyalty by 0.749, or in other words it can be concluded that the loyalty of Honda motorcycles tiger at the moment is 8.597. the calculated value of the correlation coefficient of 0.687 is obtained which means that there is a significant relationship with the closeness of the relationship between the strong and positive community on customer loyalty. the results obtained from the coefficient of determination 0.472, which means that the community has a contribution of 47.2% in creating customer loyalty, and the rest is influenced by other factors.

Keywords: Customer Loyalty, Users Community
Pengaruh Arus Kas Operasi Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampulabaan dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan STUDI KASUS PADA PT. HOLCIM INDONESIA, TBK.
Authors: Munawar Aang , Marpaung Bintang Sahala
Published: February 2020

Operational cash flow is cash from operational activities of a company. By operational cash flow, the company can decide the fund available for the operational activities. The operational cash flow will be paid attention by the company management because it’s beneficial for decision making. Operational cash flow which increases can be expected to increase profitability due to the operational cash flow of the company will be able to decide how to utilize the fund available for the operational activities, but it must be accompanied by efficiency in the matter of operational expenses and the main cost of selling. By the increase of operational cash flow, it can be expected to raise the companies growth in selling due to the increase of operational cash flow of the company, it can rise production capacity which will be able to rise selling. In this study the author used a formula for operational cash flow (X) is operational cash flow on selling, a formula for profitability is profit margin, while for the company’s growth is salest – salest-1 – to salest-2. Moreover, the author utilized common size analysis, that is horizontal common size and vertical common size. Regression test result on PT. Holcim Indonesia, Tbk shows significance result of 0% from operational cash flow toward profit, which indicates that operastional cash flow has an effect with significance level as high as 10%. From regression test result of operational cash flow on the company’s growth, it’s obtained significance result of 9,2%, which indicates that there is an effect with significance level as high as 10%.

 

Keywords : Operational cash flow; profitability; growth
Why Radio Quiet Quasars are Preferred over Radio Loud Quasars Regardless of Environment and Redshift
Authors: Garofalo David , North Max , Belga Leanne , Waddell Kenzi
Published: February 2020

Evidence has accumulated suggesting the clustering of radio loud quasars (RLQs) is greater than for radio quiet quasars. We interpret these results in a context in which the fraction of RLQ formation is f
RLQ ≤ f
RQQ compared to that for radio quiet quasars for all environments and redshifts. Because we assume that post-merger cold gas onto large black holes produces either a radio loud or a radio quiet quasar, we show that for the largest black hole masses that live in the largest dark matter halos, f
RLQ approaches 0.5 from below but does not exceed it, such that in rich clusters the formation of an RLQ tends to be equally likely to occur as a radio quiet quasar. In dark matter halos with smaller mass, by contrast, radio quiet quasars are more likely to form and the likelihood increases inversely with dark matter halo mass. As a result, averaging over a population of radio loud and radio quiet quasars will necessarily generate lower average black hole masses for the radio quiet subgroup. Hence, despite the fact that the formation of radio quiet quasars is preferred over RLQs in any environment, at any mass scale, at any luminosity, or redshift, averaging over a range of RLQs will give the appearance that they are preferred in cluster environments over radio quiet quasars. We show how this also accounts for the order of magnitude difference in the total number of jetted active galaxies compared to nonjetted counterparts.
The 31 yr Rotation History of the Millisecond Pulsar J1939+2134 (B1937+21)
Authors: Vivekanand M.
Published: February 2020

The timing properties of the millisecond pulsar PSR J1939+2134—very high rotation frequency, very low time derivative of rotation frequency, no timing glitches, and relatively low timing noise—are responsible for its exceptional timing stability over decades. It has been timed by various groups since its discovery, at diverse radio frequencies, using different hardware and analysis methods. Most of the timing data is now available in the public domain in two segments, which have not been combined so far. This work analyzes the combined data by deriving uniform methods of data selection, derivation of Dispersion Measure (DM), accounting for correlation due to “red” noise, etc. The timing noise of this pulsar is very close to a sinusoid, with a period of approximately 31 yr. The main results of this work are: (1) the clock of PSR J1939+2134 is stable at the level of almost one part in 1015 over about 31 yr; (2) the power-law index of the spectrum of electron density fluctuations in the direction of PSR J1939+2134 is 3.86 ± 0.04; (3) a Moon-sized planetary companion, in an orbit of semimajor axis about 11 astronomical units and eccentricity ≈0.2, can explain the timing noise of PSR J1939+2134; (4) precession under electromagnetic torque with very small values of oblateness and wobble angle can also be the explanation but with reduced confidence; and (5) there is an excess timing noise of about 8 μs amplitude during the epochs of steepest DM gradient, of unknown cause.
Experimental Phase Function and Degree of Linear Polarization Curves of Millimeter-sized Cosmic Dust Analogs
Authors: Muñoz O. , Moreno F. , Gómez-Martín J. C. , Vargas-Martín F. , Guirado D. , Ramos J. L. , Bustamante I. , Bertini I. , Frattin E. , Markannen J. , Tubiana C. , Fulle M. , Güttler C. , Sierks H. , Rotundi A. , Corte V. Della , Ivanovski S. , Zakharov V. V. , Bockelée-Morvan D. , Blum J. , Merouane S. , Levasseur-Regourd A. C. , Kolokolova L. , Jardiel T. , Caballero A. C.
Published: February 2020

We present laboratory measurements of the phase functions and degree of linear polarization (DLP) curves of a selection of millimeter-sized cosmic dust analog particles. The set includes particles with similar sizes but diverse internal structure (compact and porous) and absorbing properties. The measured phase functions are found to be in all cases very different from those of micron-sized particles. They show a monotonic decrease with increasing phase angle from the back- to the side-scattering region, reaching a minimum at large phase angles before a steep increase of the forward peak. This is in stark contrast to the phase functions of micron-sized particles, which are rather flat at low and intermediate phase angles. The maximum of the DLP for millimeter-sized compact particles is shifted toward larger phase angles (∼130°) compared to that of micron-sized particles (∼90°). Porosity plays an important role in the measured DLP curves: the maximum significantly decreases for increasing porosity as a result of multiple scattering within the particle. Large porous particles with highly absorbing inclusions can reproduce both the OSIRIS/Rosetta phase functions and ground-based DLP observations of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko.
Y-Box binding protein 1 expression in breast cancer and its correlation with hormone receptors and other prognostic markers
Authors: Bansal Taruna , Tanveer Nadeem , Singh Usha Rani , Sharma Sonal , Kaur Navneet
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTION: The present histologic and immunohistochemical prognostic markers of breast carcinoma do not effectively identify the subset of patients with poor prognosis. Y-Box binding protein 1 (YB1) is a novel biomarker which may identify and aid in targeted personalized therapy for such patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on histopathology specimens of 74 patients of breast carcinoma who had undergone modified radical mastectomy. YB1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on manual tissue microarray blocks (each having 15 cores). The YB1 expression was quantified in terms of “immunoreactive score” which was correlated with clinical parameters, hormone receptor status, and Her2neu overexpression by IHC. The Her2neu status of the equivocal cases was further evaluated by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).

RESULTS: YB1 was positive in 36/74 (48.6%) cases. On IHC and analysis by FISH, 25/74 (34%) cases had Her2neu overexpression. Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positivity was found in 42% and 36.5% cases, respectively. YB1 immunopositivity was negatively correlated with ER and PR expression, but showed a significant positive correlation with Her2neu expression. No correlation was found with other clinical parameters, tumor stage, and grade, except lymph node involvement, which showed a positive association with YB1 expression. Triple-negative breast carcinoma constituted 25.6% of the total cases, out of which 73.6% were YB1 positive.

CONCLUSION: This study found that YB1 has an association with Her2neu expression. It may in future provide a therapeutic target in Her2neu overexpressing tumors.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices toward prevention of hepatitis B infection among medical students in a high-risk setting of a newly established medical institution
Authors: Rathi Akanksha , Kumar Vikas , Majhi Jitendra , Jain Shalini , Lal Panna , Singh Satyavir
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: India is in the intermediate hepatitis B virus endemicity zone with hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among the general population ranges from 2% to 8%. Among health-care workers, seroprevalence is two to four times higher than that of the general population.

AIM: The aim of the study was done to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of medical students regarding hepatitis B.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted from March to April 2018. Students were invited to the department on specified dates for awareness and immunization against hepatitis B. Their KAP was assessed with the help of a self-administered questionnaire.

RESULTS: With a response rate of 81.3%, a total of 161 students participated in the study out of 198. Out of the 161 study participants, only 13 (8%) students had received a completed course of hepatitis B vaccination in the past, 30 (18.7%) students had a history of inability to complete the three doses of hepatitis B vaccination, and the rest 118 (73.3%) students were never immunized against hepatitis B. The knowledge about the risk of acquiring the disease at the hospital or high-risk setting was present in less than half of the students. The average knowledge score was 10.63 out of 16 and average healthy practice score was 2.94 out of 4. On applying Pearson correlation test, it was found that there was a positive correlation of knowledge and practices of the students (P = 0.012), implying that better knowledge of the disease has a positive effect on the practices exercised by an individual.

CONCLUSION: Newly enrolled students and other individuals attached to a high-risk setting such as a medical institution should be screened for immunization status during initial medical examination as the number of unimmunized persons, especially against hepatitis B is high.
C-shaped pleura cautery in primary spontaneous pneumothorax patients for pleurodesis
Authors: Zhu Tao , Gao Zhao-Jia , Zhang Ming , Wang Yong
Published: February 2020

Background:

Although pleurodesis is usually used to reduce the recurrence rate for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) in surgery, existing techniques cannot meet the higher requirements of little surgical injury and less relapse. Hence, we developed a new pleurodesis technique and named multipoint pleura cautery.

Aim:

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness and outcomes of the uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery C-shaped pleura cautery in the surgical treatment of PSP. To the best of our knowledge, this is a new surgical technique for pleurodesis and must be of concern.

Patients and Methods:

The medical records of 20 patients undergoing surgery for C-shaped pleura cautery between 2015 and 2017 were reviewed. The patients were evaluated with regard to age, gender, body mass index, smoking habit, operation time, duration of hospitalization, post-operative pain and follow-up.

Results:

We have performed a bullectomy combined C-shaped pleura cautery for 20 patients with PSP from January 2016 to December 2017. None of the patients suffered post-operative bleeding and haematothorax complications, and one was ipsilateral relapsed 5 months after surgery. The lung computed tomography showed that recurrence of pneumothorax was due to air leakage in the right lower lung, and there was no air leakage at the site where pleurodesis had been performed.

Conclusions:

Although this technique requires further investigation, it may be a useful method of pleurodesis.
Coisotropic Submanifolds in b-symplectic Geometry
Authors: Geudens Stephane , Zambon Marco
Published: February 2020

We study coisotropic submanifolds of b-symplectic manifolds. We prove that b-coisotropic submanifolds (those transverse to the degeneracy locus) determine the b-symplectic structure in a neighborhood, and provide a normal form theorem. This extends Gotay’s theorem in symplectic geometry. Further, we introduce strong b-coisotropic submanifolds and show that their coisotropic quotient, which locally is always smooth, inherits a reduced b-symplectic structure.
Reviewing Global Estimates of Surface Reactive Nitrogen Concentration and Deposition Using Satellite Observation
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Xiuying , Xu Wen , Liu Xuejun , Lu Xuehe , Wei Jing , Li Yi , Yang Yuyu , Wang Zhen , Wong Anthony Y. H.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have dramatically changed the nitrogen (N) cycle in natural systems. Anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen (Nr) can return to the earth's surface through atmospheric Nr deposition. Increased Nr deposition may improve ecosystem productivity. However, excessive Nr deposition can cause a series of negative effects on ecosystem health, biodiversity, soil, and water. Thus, accurate estimations of Nr deposition are necessary for evaluating its environmental impacts. The United States, Canada and Europe have successively launched a number of satellites with sensors that allow retrieval of atmospheric NO2 and NH3 column density, and therefore estimation of surface Nr concentration and deposition at an unprecedented spatiotemporal scale. Atmosphere NH3 column can be retrieved from atmospheric infra-red emission measured by IASI, AIRS, CrIS or TES, while atmospheric NO2 column can be retrieved from reflected solar radiation measured by GOME, GOME-2, SCIAMACHY, OMI, TEMPO, Sentinel and GEMS. In recent years, scientists attempted to estimate surface Nr concentration and deposition using satellite retrieval of atmospheric NO2 and NH3 columns. In this study, we give a thorough review on recent advances of estimating surface Nr concentration and deposition using the satellite retrievals of NO2 and NH3, present a framework of using satellite data to estimate surface Nr concentration and deposition based on recent works, and summarize the existing challenges for estimating surface Nr concentration and deposition using the satellite-based methods. We believe that exploiting satellite data to estimate Nr deposition has a broad and promising prospect.
Gravitational separation of Ar/N2 and age of air in the lowermost stratosphere in airborne observations and a chemical transport model
Authors: Birner Benjamin , Chipperfield Martyn P. , Morgan Eric J. , Stephens Britton B. , Linz Marianna , Feng Wuhu , Wilson Chris , Bent Jonathan D. , Wofsy Steven C. , Severinghaus Jeffrey , Keeling Ralph F.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Accurate simulation of atmospheric circulation, particularly in the lower stratosphere, is challenging due to unresolved wave-mean flow interactions and limited high-resolution observations for validation. Gravity-induced pressure gradients lead to a small but measurable separation of heavy and light gases by molecular diffusion in the stratosphere. Because the relative abundance of Ar to N2 is exclusively controlled by physical transport, the argon-to-nitrogen ratio (Ar/N2) provides an additional constraint on circulation and the age of air (AoA), i.e. the time elapsed since entry of an air parcel into the stratosphere. Here we use airborne measurements of N2O and Ar/N2 from nine campaigns with global coverage spanning 2008–2018 to calculate AoA and to quantify gravitational separation in the lowermost stratosphere. To this end, we develop a new N2O-AoA relationship using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. We observe that gravitational separation increases systematically with increasing AoA for samples with AoA between 0 to 3 years. These observations are compared to a simulation of the TOMCAT/SLIMCAT 3-D chemical transport model, which has been updated to include gravitational fractionation of gases. We demonstrate that although AoA at old ages is slightly underestimated in the model, the relationship between Ar/N2 and AoA is robust and agrees with the observations. This highlights the potential of Ar/N2 to become a new AoA tracer that is subject only to physical transport phenomena and can supplement the suite of available AoA indicators.