bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation Characteristics in Configuring Farmers’ Digital Literacy on E-Reporting Polygon in Wukirsari Indonesia
Authors: Shania Alya Hisna , Diah Fitria Widhiningsih , Subejo
Published: December 2023

The e-reporting polygon is an effort of the Ministry of Agriculture to maximize agricultural cultivation activities, especially on the availability of subsidized fertilizers. However, not all agricultural extension agents and farmers are familiar with this innovation. It is possible that elder farmers will experience difficulties in accessing the innovation. Therefore, this study aims to: 1) Understand the characteristics of polygon e-reporting innovation and 2) Analyze the influence of the characteristics of polygon e-reporting innovation on farmers’ digital literacy in Wukirsari. This research applied a quantitative approach and was conducted in Wukirsari Village, Cangkringan Sub-district, Sleman Regency. The 60 farmers were collected through simple random sampling The data were analyzed through simple regression. The results showed that the five categories of innovation characteristics presented good values in terms of relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability. The characteristics of innovation also positively and significantly influenced the digital literacy level of farmers in Wukirsari Village. Nevertheless, the digital literacy of farmers needed to be highly improved particularly on gadget operation, agricultural information access, networking, and information sharing to other farmers.
Performance of A Portable NIR Spectrometer to Distinguish Coffee Species Based on Qualitative Chemometric and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Models
Authors: Dharmawan Agus , Evi Masithoh Rudiati , Zuhrotul Amanah Hanim
Published: December 2023

A wide range of genetic cultivars of coffee and their characteristics determine consumer preference and increase industrial actors’ awareness of production and marketing. The primary objective of this study is to develop a method to distinguish coffee species based on spectral characteristics acquired from a portable near-infrared spectrometer. The performance of this spectrometer in addressing classification problems is evaluated by the classification accuracy obtained from qualitative chemometrics, such as PCA and LDA, and artificial neural networks (ANNs) models. In this study, the instrument was successfully used and gained moderate accuracy for discriminating two coffee species, Arabica and Robusta, from Temanggung and Toraja. The accuracy was fair and achieved greater than 75%. Therefore, the instrument can be implemented as it provides simple, real-time, and in-situ analyses and can reach reliable results.
Space Based Data Usage for Smart Farming
Authors: Sobue Shin-ichi
Published: December 2023

Precision Agriculture and input optimization with knowledge sharing are key for smart farming. The use of new technologies such as satellites, drones, navigation, AI/ML, big data, IoT, cloud-computing makes farming and agriculture smarter and transparent. Use of such advanced technologies, governmental officers and farmers can create evidence-based prescription maps for variable rate application of inputs, such as fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation. Also, smart farming improve efficiency, reduce costs, simplify forecasting, streamline recording and reporting, and boost the sustainability and environmentally friendly agriculture while addressing todays needs and helping future planning. This paper is a brief overview of space-based tools that are currently available for smart farming and also importance of earth observation for smart farming with some examples on rice crop in Asia.
Nuisance Insects of Rearing mass Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP)Diaphorina citriUnder Controlled Conditions
Authors: Setyaningrum Haris , Martono Edhi , Soffan Alan , Mo Jianhua , Subandiyah Siti
Published: December 2023

Rearing insects for pest experiment it’s very critical. The condition of rearing such insects impacted the smooth running of research. This condition also happens in the rearing of Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP),Diaphorina citri. ACP is one of the most dangerous pests of citrus since responsible for the huanglongbing disease vector in citrus. Many researchers, either laboratory or field-based use aD.citrifor object experiments. A clear and recent description of the types of insects or arthropods that disturb the rearing ACP is needed, especially in Indonesia. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, from January 2021 to September 2022. The rearing of ACP uses orange jasmine (Muraya paniculata) and citrus (Citrus nobilis). The collected insect and spider preserved in alcohol or pined in insect tray and identify them based on related literature. This study proposed to assess the nuisance insect that infested on rearing of D.citri based on greenhouse conditions. Our results showing that the many nuisance insects that disturb the growth of rearing inD.citri.A total of nine insect and spider attackingD citri, they are black ants (Dolichoderussp), aphid (Aphissp), leaf roller caterpillar (Phyllocnistis citrella), cockroach (Blattellasp), ladybug (Exochomus nigromaculatus), mite (Tetranychus sp), Mealy bug (Pseudoccocussp), Scale insect (Aonidella aurantia) and Spider. Those nuisance insects and spiders attackD.citricolonies in different ways and stages. The attacking nuisance insect affected to affected the size of the ACP culture.
Pathways towards full use of hydrogen as reductant and fuel
Authors: von Schéele Joachim
Published: December 2023

The transition to a green steel making is a journey over decades that involves many technologies and pathways, in most scenarios with the use of hydrogen − both as reductant and as fuel − as the endgame. The paper describes a general pathway to decarbonisation including increased energy efficiency, use of low carbon fuels, carbon capture, and use of clean hydrogen as reductant and fuel. The possibilities for developing a greener blast furnace process as a short-term solution, is discussed. Combinations like direct reduced iron production with carbon capture using a gasified waste or biomass, could be a mid-term solution at some steel mills. Dependent on location-specific conditions some technologies, like use of hydrogen as fuel in reheating, is coming into use already now, whilst in other areas in near- and mid-term there will be intermediate solutions applied. Development of hydrogen production technologies is briefly described. Challenges for the transition are found not only within the steel industry itself, but also, e.g., in supply of renewable power and suitable iron ores. Moreover, potential supply chain integrations and impact of geographical dislocations are discussed. Overall, it is important to apply an integrated approach with clear milestones for the chosen pathway, where existing assets like blast furnaces are transformed into a lower carbon footprint operation applying technologies that also can be used in the subsequent transition, e.g., use of coke oven gas for producing direct reduced iron that is charged into blast furnaces where carbon capture is applied, or changing into more energy-efficient combustion systems that are ready for use of hydrogen when viably available.
Research on the Public Perception of the Power List System in China
Authors: Guo Hong-ling , Sun Jun-jie
Published: December 2023

The public perception of public policy directly affects the effect of policy implementation. In this paper, a semi-structured interview and questionnaire survey were used to investigate the public perception of the Power List System among 1254 samples from 18 cities. The results show that most of the samples didn’t understand about Power List System, some people had not even heard of the name. Only about 34% of the samples have searched Power Lists at least once. Most of the samples that have used Power Lists think that the search is convenient.And some samples also reflect that there are some problems such as web errors and search difficulties. The public who used Power Lists have made a positive appraisal of the system.But the awareness rate and usage rate of the Power Lists are low, which has affected the achievement of policy objectives to a certain extent.To bring into full play the role of the Power List System,the government needs to strengthen policy publicity, to improve the convenience of using the power lists, and to accelerate the implementation of the Power List System in grass-roots governments.
Psychological Factors of Addition and Interventions for Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Zhang Yidian
Published: December 2023

Substance use disorders appeared earlier in the history of human development with the discovery of alcohol and drugs. As society develops, more and more people exhibit substance abuse and substance addiction. Therefore, substance use disorders are gradually appearing in the limelight. This review begins with an analysis of the pathology and prevalence of substance use disorders, dividing those psychological factors that can lead to substance use disorders into internalizing and social factors. Five specific therapies, including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, prize-based contingency management approach, cue-exposure therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy, are analyzed and discussed, also categorized as internal promotion and external influence, based on how these therapies affect clients. Finally, for future research and treatment of substance use disorders, this review combines the previous literature and suggests ways to combine two or more therapies in order to achieve the best treatment results.
Research on Higher Vocational Teaching Mode Based on Competitive Mechanism
Authors: Liu Baoqin
Published: December 2023

How to arouse students’ interest in learning so as to improve the quality of teaching has always been an important subject for higher vocational education. Practice has proved that the competition method proposed in this study is an effective way to arouse student’s learning interest. Taking programming language courses as an example, it is proposed to introduce a competition mechanism in the teaching process, practicing follow teaching, and by treating each practicing topic as a competition, record the results according to the completion speed and quality, and rank them. For the top-ranked students, points will be added according to certain rules. Collecting personal grades for each class as a process evaluation which is an important part of students’ grade. By introducing the competition mechanism, students’ interest in learning can be greatly stimulated and the quality of teaching can be greatly improved.
Research on the Transformation and Development of Application-Oriented Undergraduate Programs Driven by Product-centric Mindset—A Case Study of Hotel Management
Authors: Bao Fuyuan , Yang Xinda
Published: December 2023

The necessity of proficient thinking guidance cannot be overstated when aiming for the transformation and superior advancement of application-oriented undergraduate programs. Hotel management, being a quintessential application-driven discipline, continues to grapple with a spectrum of hurdles encompassing antiquated guiding principles, restricted digitalization, cursory industry-education integration, firmly entrenched faculty paradigms, and nebulous curriculum benchmarks. Consequently, this paper posits the proposition of instituting a consensus pertaining to a product-centric mindset for program evolution, the formulation of comprehensive product-oriented curriculum standards, a reevaluation of the teacher’s role identification, as well as the enhancement of program development process management and the assurance of quality.
Analysis of the reasons for the excessive consumption of students influenced by the development of e-commerce and short video live-streaming platforms, along with recommendations
Authors: Jin Kailun
Published: December 2023

This article starts from the context of post-pandemic consumer overheating in the domestic market and explores the impact of e-commerce and short video live-streaming platforms on the consumption habits of student groups. Based on the theoretical perspective of behavioral economics, it conducts a psychological study of students' consumption characteristics. As a result, it concludes that the influence of e-commerce and short video live-streaming platforms on student consumption habits is primarily negative. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to and educate students on cultivating their consumer attitudes and improving their understanding of consumption.
E-learning Teaching Design for Cultivating Electrical Engineering Talents Based on Industry-University-Research
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhang Feng , Hu Xingji , Qiu Yutao , Mo Jianguo , Xie And Xiahui
Published: December 2023

With the advancement of technology and the updating of teaching models, the E-learning teaching model has been increasingly valued. This model has advantages such as convenience, personalization, quantification, and low cost, making it very suitable for the cultivation and education of applied talents. On the basis of analyzing the main problems in the current teaching of applied talents in electrical engineering, this paper summarizes the advantages of the E-learning model in the cultivation of applied talents, and conducts teaching design throughout the entire cycle from teaching objective analysis, teaching process design, teaching process implementation, teaching effect evaluation, and post evaluation. The method has universal applicability and can guide the talent cultivation work of related majors in similar universities.
Research on the current situation and value guidance of college students’ Online Literature Reading—based on questionnaire survey and interview analysis in college students in 5 provinces of North China
Authors: Li Yalan
Published: December 2023

In recent years, Online Literature has witnessed a flourishing development. On the one hand, given the mixed quality of online literary works, conducting research on the guidance of values in Online Literature can help college students develop a proper set of values. On the other hand, with the guidance of the Beijing Online Literature Center, we conducted a targeted survey among college students from 5 Northern-China provinces, obtaining first-hand empirical data and validating the genuine value orientation of college students towards online literary reading. It highlights the close connection between college students and online literary works，which ultimately provides practical and effective recommendations for guiding values in Online Literature. In conclusion, as the country begins to regulate the ecosystem of Online Literature, it is crucial to pay attention to the guidance of values in Online literary reading among college students.
The Fallacy of Borda Count Method - Why it is Useless with Group Intelligence and Shouldn’t be Used with Big Data including Banking Customer Services
Authors: Wang Hao
Published: December 2023

Borda Count Method is an important theory in the field of voting theory. The basic idea and implementation methodology behind the approach is simple and straight forward. Borda Count Method has been used in sports award evaluations and many other scenarios, and therefore is an important aspect of our society. An often ignored ground truth is that online cultural rating platforms such as Douban.com and Goodreads.com often adopt integer rating values for large scale public audience, and therefore leading to Poisson/Pareto behavior. In this paper, we rely on the theory developed by Wang from 2021 to 2023 to demonstrate that online cultural rating platform rating data often evolve into Poisson/Pareto behavior, and individualistic voting preferences are predictable without any data input, so Borda Count Method (or, Range Voting Method) has intrinsic fallacy and should not be used as a voting theory method.
An empirical study on the influence of population structure on residents’ housing demand -- Taking the survey data of Chongqing as an example
Authors: Du Zhuanping , Li Panpan
Published: December 2023

Cities of different grades and regions have different characteristics of the real estate market, so the housing needs of residents are very different. The study on the impact of population structure on residents' housing demand should be based on the empirical study of specific cities. Taking Chongqing, a "new first-tier" city located in the southwest, as the object of empirical research can make the research results more concrete and the policy suggestions more credible.
Integrating Care into Design: Addressing Emotional Isolation in Interactive Products for Empty Nesters
Authors: Wu Yu
Published: December 2023

The aging population, coupled with the phenomenon of empty nesters, presents a pressing challenge of emotional isolation among elderly individuals. This paper delves into the concept of integrating care into the design of interactive products to mitigate the emotional void experienced by empty nesters. It explores the emotional needs of this demographic and discusses how technology-driven interactive products can serve as a bridge to foster emotional well-being and social connectivity. Through a human-centered design approach, this research offers insights into the development of empathetic, user-centric solutions that address the emotional challenges faced by empty nesters. By prioritizing care and emotional connection in design, we aim to enhance the quality of life for this vulnerable group.
Research progress in simultaneous detection of mycotoxins in traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Qu Xinming , Wang Pengyan , Zhu Kai
Published: December 2023

Mycotoxins, as secondary metabolites of fungi, have become key risk factors in Chinese medicinal materials. There are risks of fungal contamination and mycotoxin induced in the process of natural growth or artificial planting of Chinese medicinal materials to clinical use. The common mycotoxins in traditional Chinese medicine and the synchronous detection methods of various mycotoxins in modern Chinese medicine were reviewed in order to further understand the relevant standards of mycotoxins in traditional Chinese medicine, so as to improve the quality of Chinese medicinal materials and safeguard human safety and health.
Research on graphic design based on mind mapping method--The example of traditional Chinese local opera, the Qin Qiang
Authors: Feng Shuo
Published: December 2023

Mind mapping has always played a role in graphic design as a logical analysis and integration of ideas. By using the method of mind mapping it is possible to develop thinking and reasoning from a wider range or different perspectives, thus reorganising relevant factors to break through the original deconstruction to achieve innovative research in graphic design. At the same time, the structural order and visualisation of the mind map is very conducive to logical reasoning and building systems for graphic design. Therefore, in this paper, the application of the mind mapping method in graphic design is investigated with the example of the traditional Chinese local opera, the Qin Qiang. Using the logical tool of mind mapping, a set of graphic design works on the theme of Qin Qiang was completed by clarifying the theme, divergent thinking and determining the direction and method of research to integrate and unify the various forms of Qin Qiang. This paper uses mind mapping to provide a wealth of information and inspirational derivation for the graphic design about the Qin Qiang, allowing the design to visualise effective information in a more comprehensive and concrete way. At the same time, this allows the central idea of the Qin Qiang to be communicated more effectively and accurately in the graphic design than in previous graphic design works.
Analysis of the current status of hospice care needs and factors influencing them among family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Huang Weihong , Wu Xiaodong , He Jiajie
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of the needs of patients receiving hospice services and their caregivers and the factors influencing them. METHODS A convenience sampling method was used to survey 120 family members caring for patients with advanced cancer in 1 hospital with hospice care in Ningxia from April to June 2022 as study subjects using the Barthel Index Rating Scale of Self-Care, the Caregiving Burden Scale, and the Caregiver's Need for Hospice Care Scale. RESULTS Caregivers' scores for each dimension of hospice service needs were, in descending order, social support needs  information needs  physiological needs  psychological needs  spiritual needs  health care behavioral needs; multiple linear regression analysis The results showed that education, patient relationship, willingness to receive hospice care, and burden of caregiving capacity entered the regression model (P<0.05) with R2=26.2%. CONCLUSION The level of education of caregivers, relationship with patients, willingness to receive hospice care, and the burden of caregiving ability are the main influencing factors of caregivers' demand for hospice services. The diversified needs of caregivers should be met by strengthening publicity and social support, establishing a new model of hospice care, and taking advantage of interprofessional teamwork.
Current Research Status of Genetic Algorithm Research in China’s Library Sector
Authors: Yang Guangyuan , Chen Lei , Yu Zhen , Yihei Aniu
Published: December 2023

As an advanced technology of Data Mining, Genetic Algorithm provides an important method for deeply excavating library’s collection resources and personalized interactive learning services. The paper adopts the method of bibliometrics to statistics, combing and analysis of the current research status of Genetic Algorithm research in China’s Library Sector, finds the characteristics of Genetic Algorithm research in China’s Library Sector, and proposes the research trends of Genetic Algorithm research in China’s Library Sector in the future for promoting in-depth research and practice in the field of Genetic Algorithm research in China’s Library Sector, and improves the utilization rate of library’s collection resources and service effectiveness.
Intelligent Operation of Financial Department in XX Furniture Enterprise under the Background of Digital Economy
Authors: Zhang Chao
Published: December 2023

Driven by information technology and data capital, the scale and capital of modern enterprises and government organizations have grown rapidly. The traditional manual financial management model is no longer able to adapt to the rapidly developing economic rhythm. Modern enterprises and government organizations are promoting the intelligent application of financial management systems. However, in intelligent applications, there are still issues such as lack of financial information integrity, lack of timeliness, and low collaboration. How to help enterprises improve the comprehensiveness of financial management analysis, use intelligent information technology to improve the analysis of complex problems, provide practical guidance for enterprises to make comprehensive and accurate decisions, and reduce financial management risks. This article takes XX furniture enterprise as the research object, analyses the intelligent financial management process of the enterprise, and provides certain reference and reference for similar enterprises. The furniture industry is currently experiencing rapid technological updates and fierce competition. XX Furniture Enterprise is a technology and capital intensive enterprise that requires the financial management department to timely and accurately collect the financial status and relevant information of the enterprise, evaluate its financial decisions, and make accurate decision recommendations and risk level warnings based on financial data. This article conducts a survey on the financial department of XX furniture enterprise, points out the current situation of the financial department of XX furniture enterprise, and proposes methods to improve the financial analysis difficulties faced by the enterprise. Keywords: digital economy; Digital management; financial management
On the systematic construction of special correctional education for juveniles who have committed crimes
Authors: Si Zhenyi
Published: December 2023

For the education and correction of juvenile delinquents, the provisions in the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency are too broad, lack correct theoretical guidance and specific rule design, resulting in conflicts between administrative power and judicial power in special correctional education in practice, infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of minors. In terms of decision-making procedures, it is clarified that the people's courts are the decision-making organs specializing in correctional education; in the relief procedures, the obligation of participating organs to inform is strictly implemented, and a hearing system is added to protect minors' right to participate; and two-way reversal mechanisms between different handling measures are set up in enforcement procedures. the obligation to inform the participating organs is strictly enforced, and the hearing system is added to protect minors' right to participate; and in the enforcement procedures, a two-way reversal mechanism between different punishment measures is set up.
Exploring the English-Medium Instructional Model for Electrical Engineering Programs Targeted at “Belt and Road” International Students in China
Authors: Li Xinian , Hua Zhen , Wei Guangfen , Jiang Baohong
Published: December 2023

With the continuous advancement of the "Belt and Road" initiative, the number of international students in China has been increasing year by year. To meet the growing learning needs, it is of significant importance to explore and summarize the fully English-medium instructional model tailored to "Belt and Road" international students. This study focuses on the English-medium course teaching model for the Electrical Engineering and Automation major. Through reforms such as curriculum restructuring, the establishment of a team of English-medium instructors, and the extension of practical courses through university-industry collaborations, certain teaching achievements have been made. These measures have not only enhanced the learning outcomes of international students but also provided valuable experiences for the internationalization development of universities.
Simulation analysis of structural nonlinear seismic response
Authors: Qin Feng
Published: December 2023

Faced with the difficulty of analyzing structural nonlinear seismic response, this study focuses on the reinforced concrete frame structure and designs a frame that meets the specifications. Artificial synthetic seismic records and natural seismic records were selected, and the acceleration response of the first story of the structure was used as the output sample for the study. On the basis of a nonlinear autoregressive moving average model with external inputs, a neural network model was constructed and nonlinear seismic response simulation analysis was conducted. These results confirm that the research method has good predictive performance and can effectively predict structural nonlinear seismic response. Under the action of artificial earthquake records, there is a small difference between them and the acceleration time history curve and acceleration response peak obtained from time history analysis. Under the action of artificial seismic record ACC12, when the time is 25 s, the calculation results of time history analysis and research methods are 1.715 m/s2and 1.403 m/s2, respectively, with the former being 0.312 m/s2smaller than the latter. In natural earthquake records, with a characteristic period of 0.30 s, under the action of natural earthquake record USA00668, the relative energy of time history analysis is 4.997 m2/s when the time is 30 s, which is 0.938 m2/s higher than the research method. The research method can accurately analyze the nonlinear seismic response of the results.
Parameter optimization of titanium-coated stainless steel inserts for turning operation
Authors: Muniyappan Karthick , Nagarajan Lenin
Published: December 2023

This study discusses the three essential process parameters cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on the quality of the tool during turning operation. A high-strength stainless steel tool coated with tungsten carbide is used. The tool is further strengthened using cryogenic treatment by immersing it in liquid nitrogen for 24 h and 36 h respectively. The surface roughness of the simple coated tool and the processed tool is compared using optimization techniques like the Taguchi technique and ANOVA. The analysis revealed that the surface roughness of the simple coated tool insert was 0.5 μm, whereas the surface roughness of the tool inserts immersed in liquid nitrogen for 36 h was 12.5 μm. The processed tool insert became brittle which lead to an increase in surface roughness after the turning operation. Three different algorithms like Grass Hopper Optimization, Moth Flame Optimization, and Salp Swarm Optimization were used to observe the feasibility of the optimization techniques. The Moth Flame Optimization algorithm had good convergence and also delivered results that were correlating with the ANOVA. It is concluded that while keeping a high tool rotation speed of 984.46 rpm, a low feed of 91.4 mm/min and a depth of cut of 0.25 mm resulted in a low surface roughness of simple coated tool insert was 0.59 μm.
Words matter: Kommunikation im klinischen Alltag
Authors: Pfeiffer Fabian
Published: December 2023

Kommunikation ist weit mehr als nur ein Mittel zum Zweck. Sie ist das
Herzstück, das den therapeutischen Prozess lenkt, die therapeutische
Beziehung stärkt und Behandlungsergebnisse verbessern kann. Mit den
richtigen Techniken gelingt eine patientenzentrierte Kommunikation, die Placebo
fördert und Nocebo meidet.
Impact of Myocardial Viability on Long-term Outcomes after Surgical Revascularization
Authors: Sohn Suk Ho , Kang Yoonjin , Kim Ji Seong , Park Eun-Ah , Lee Whal , Hwang Ho Young
Published: December 2023

Background This study was conducted to evaluate whether myocardial viability assessed with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) affected long-term clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP).

Methods Preoperative CMR with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was performed in 103 patients (64.9 ± 10.1 years, male:female = 82:21) with 3-vessel disease and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤ 0.35). Transmural extent of LGE was evaluated on a 16-segment model, and transmurality was graded on a 5-point scale: grades—0, absence; 1, 1 to 25%; 2, 26 to 50%; 3, 51 to 75%; 4, 76 to 100%. Median follow-up duration was 65.5 months (interquartile range = 27.5–95.3 months). Primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause mortality or hospitalization for congestive heart failure.

Results Operative mortality was 1.9%. During the follow-up, all-cause mortality and readmission for congestive heart failure occurred in 29 and 8 patients, respectively. The cumulative incidence of the primary endpoint was 31.3 and 46.8% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the number of segments with LGE grade 4 was a significant risk factor (hazard ratio 1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.10–1.83, p = 0.007) for the primary endpoint among the variables assessed by CMR. Other risk factors included age, dialysis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and EuroSCORE II.

Conclusion The number of myocardial segments with transmurality of LGE >75% might be a prognostic factor associated with the composite of all-cause mortality or hospitalization for congestive heart failure after CABG in patients with 3-vessel disease and ICMP.
PFA-100 System: A New Method for Assessment of Platelet Dysfunction
Authors: Mammen Eberhard F. , Comp Philip C. , Gosselin Robert , Greenberg Charles , Hoots W. Keith , Kessler Craig M. , Larkin Edward C. , Liles Darla , Nugent Diane J.
Published: December 2023

This is a celebratory reprint of a historical paper published in STH in 1998. The original Abstract follows.

The PFA-100 system is a platelet function analyzer designed to measure platelet-related primary hemostasis. The instrument uses two disposable cartridges: a collagen/epinephrine (CEPI) and a collagen/ADP (CADP) cartridge. Previous experience has shown that CEPI cartridges detect qualitative platelet defects, including acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-induced abnormalities, while CADP cartridges detect only thrombocytopathies and not ASA use. In this seven-center trial, 206 healthy subjects and 176 persons with various platelet-related defects, including 127 ASA users, were studied. The platelet function status was determined by a platelet function test panel. Comparisons were made as to how well the defects were identified by the PFA-100 system and by platelet aggregometry. The reference intervals for both cartridges, testing the 206 healthy subjects, were similar to values described in smaller studies in the literature (mean closure time [CT] of 132 seconds for CEPI and 93 seconds for CADP). The use of different lot numbers of cartridges or duplicate versus singleton testing revealed no differences. Compared with the platelet function status, the PFA-100 system had a clinical sensitivity of 94.9% and a specificity of 88.8%. For aggregometry, a sensitivity of 94.3% and a specificity of 88.3% were obtained. These values are based on all 382 specimens. A separate analysis of sensitivity by type of platelet defect, ASA use versus congenital thrombocytopathies, revealed for the PFA-100 system a 94.5% sensitivity in identifying ASA users and a 95.9% sensitivity in identifying the other defects. For aggregometry, the values were 100% for ASA users and 79.6% for congenital defects. Analysis of concordance between the PFA-100 system and aggregometry revealed no difference in clinical sensitivity and specificity between the systems (p > 0.9999). The overall agreement was 87.5%, with a Kappa index of 0.751. The two tests are thus equivalent in their ability to identify normal and abnormal platelet defects. Testing 126 subjects who took 325 mg ASA revealed that the PFA-100 system (CEPI) was able to detect 71.7% of ASA-induced defects with a positive predictive value of 97.8%. The overall clinical accuracy of the system, calculated from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, was 0.977. The data suggest that the PFA-100 system is highly accurate in discriminating normal from abnormal platelet function. The ease of operation of the instrument makes it a useful tool to use in screening patients for platelet-related hemostasis defects.
Facilitating fertility decline through economic development: a principal-agent analysis of local bureaucratic incentives in China’s fertility transition
Authors: Liang Shengyuan , Liu Shanmin , Liu Canmian
Published: December 2023

Despite close associations, political science had weak explanatory power for fertility transition. It often depicts the political processes of fertility transition as direct and coercive policies and mechanical execution without consideration of indirect bureaucratic processes. Drawing on principal-agent and economic-driven theories, this study established a novel model using 1980–2000 Chinese provincial panel data: local officials facilitated fertility decline through economic development for career advancement. System generalized method moments (GMM) and ordered logistic regression (OLM) results showed: (1) gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth (OR = 0.012) and total fertility rate (TFR) decline (OR = 0.026) increased promotion odds, while excessive TFR decline (over 37% within one term) decreased it; (2) the critical age (59) and tenure year (one year before leaving office) positively associated with GDP per capita, industrialization, and lower TFR; (3) GDP per capita and industrialization negatively associated with TFR. Facilitating fertility decline via economic development was an efficient, low-risk strategy for local officials compared to radical birth control campaigns. It was the first study applying principal-agent theory to explain how bureaucratic processes enabled fertility transitions. It combined political and economic-driven theories on fertility transition, advancing political demography and refining the social science paradigm on fertility transition.
Sorting droplets with acoustic waves
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: December 2023

In a study of droplets larger than the Rayleigh limit, researchers found the acoustic power required to initiate suspension is dependent on droplet size.
Interband transition physics from the absorption edge in GaN: New prospects from numerical analysis
Authors: Han Sha , Yi Juemin , Song Wentao , Chen Kebei , Zheng Shunan , Zhang Yumin , Xu Ke
Published: December 2023

The strong polarization effects and abundant surface states in III-nitrides result in a tunable electric field, modifying the absorption/emission by changing the band structure. Thus, the mechanism of the electric field and the absorption/emission is crucial for future optical logic devices. Here, we propose to extract the information from the absorption/emission edge by numerical simulations. The simulations show that the increase in the field strength would red-shift the spectrum as well as decrease the slope of the edge for both the uniform and non-uniform field. For numerical simulations, we also provide the lower limit of the quantum states to be simulated from Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation. Then three GaN samples with different n values are analyzed, and the results validate our methods in two ways. On the one hand, the nonuniform field is shown to fit the experimental absorption better at higher n, which is in accordance with previous studies. On the other hand, the reasonable bandgap Eg at zero doping level and the bandgap-renormalization coefficient are obtained. This work would deepen the understanding of the absorption/emission influenced by the electric field and pave the way for numerical analysis of the edge.
Estimating age of wild eastern grey kangaroos through molar progression
Authors: King Wendy J. , Coulson Graeme
Published: December 2023

Age is an essential attribute in studies of animal development, survival and reproduction. Here we evaluate the age estimation technique of molar progression devised for kangaroos in 1965. We used 71 wild eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) that were first captured and aged as pouch young at Wilsons Promontory National Park, Victoria, and subsequently found dead between the ages of 1 and 14 years. We expected that the original equation, derived from captive kangaroos in Queensland, would not estimate age correctly due to differences in diet and/or clinal variation in skull morphology. We found no difference in rate of molar progression between males (n = 44) and females (n = 27). Our overall regression of age on molar index (MI) was log10 (age, days) = 0.284 (MI) + 2.511, r2 = 0.97. The slope of this equation was indistinguishable from that of the original one, meaning that molar progression in the wild was equivalent to that originally developed on captive kangaroos, despite likely differences in diet and morphology.
Tradeoffs in bacterial physiology determine the efficiency of antibiotic killing
Authors: Bren Anat , Glass David S. , Kohanim Yael Korem , Mayo Avi , Alon Uri
Published: December 2023

Antibiotic effectiveness depends on a variety of factors. While many mechanistic details of antibiotic action are known, the connection between death rate and bacterial physiology is poorly understood. A common observation is that death rate in antibiotics rises linearly with growth rate; however, it remains unclear how other factors, such as environmental conditions and whole-cell physiological properties, affect bactericidal activity. To address this, we developed a high-throughput assay to precisely measure antibiotic-mediated death. We found that death rate is linear in growth rate, but the slope depends on environmental conditions. Growth under stress lowers death rate compared to nonstressed environments with similar growth rate. To understand stress’s role, we developed a mathematical model of bacterial death based on resource allocation that includes a stress-response sector; we identify this sector using RNA-seq. Our model accurately predicts the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) with zero free parameters across a wide range of growth conditions. The model also quantitatively predicts death and MIC when sectors are experimentally modulated using cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), including protection from death at very low cAMP levels. The present study shows that different conditions with equal growth rate can have different death rates and establishes a quantitative relation between growth, death, and MIC that suggests approaches to improve antibiotic efficacy.
Gender reduction in contact
Authors: Baló Márton A. , Bodnárová Zuzana
Published: December 2023

The present paper investigates the reduction of gender assignment and agreement in a nineteenth-century Romani
variety in contact with genderless Hungarian. This reduction took place within two generations of native speakers. We compare the
geographical and sociolinguistic situation with the majority of present-day Romani varieties, which still maintain the original
two-way (masculine, feminine) gender system. By comparing these varieties with the few Romani varieties which also display
reduction of their gender system, we show that the development of this particular typological change may be the outcome of the
minority situation of Romani and its geographical proximity to a genderless language. However, as rural varieties do not exhibit
the same kind of erosion, this is not a sufficient explanation; what also appears to play a role in the Romani case is the urban
context of the change. This sociolinguistic factor might also be considered in other case studies on the loss of grammatical
gender.
Role of chirped factor on the focusing and imaging properties of the autofocusing beam
Authors: Lin Danping , Tao Shaohua
Published: December 2023

The focusing and imaging properties of the beam have attracted considerable attention recently. In this work, we generated an autofocusing beam termed a chirped autofocusing beam (CAFB) by using the phase of multiple chirped two-dimensional Airy beams, which has autofocusing and imaging properties. Through simulation analysis and experimental verification, it was found that the CAFB is endowed with multiple degrees of freedom to control the focusing properties of the CAFB. Specially, in the range of negative and weak chirp, the focal length of the CAFB increases with decreasing chirped factor. Moreover, the imaging property of the CAFB can be controlled by a chirp factor, the transverse displacement of the CAFB, and the transverse scale factor of the CAFB. The larger the transverse displacement and transverse scale factor of the beam, the better the image quality. Due to these properties, the CAFB may broaden the potential applications in optical microscopy imaging.
Optical and calorimetric studies near the smectic-A to smectic-C tricritical point
Authors: Chakraborty Susanta , Mitra Smriti , Kumar Das Malay , Das Banani
Published: December 2023

Detailed heat capacity and birefringence measurements have been performed to investigate the transitional behavior near the orthogonal smectic-A to tilted smectic-C (Sm-A–Sm-C) phase transition on several liquid crystalline mixtures comprising of a rod-like mesogen and a hockey stick-shaped compound having substitution of methyl group in the lateral position. Both probing methods were found to be rather successful in assessing the phase transitional behavior with reasonably good accuracy. The data shows a divergent pretransitional excess above and below the transition temperature. Analysis of the data have been performed in detail with the renormalization-group expression with correction-to-scaling terms. The extracted effective critical exponents were observed in between the tricritical and 3D-XY limit. Detailed investigations carried out in this work reveal the dependence of the Sm-A–Sm-C phase transition on the width of the Sm-A phase and the existence of a broad tricritical range.
Exploring the shadow of a rotating charged ModMax black hole
Authors: Karshiboev Khurshid , Atamurotov Farruh , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon , Övgün Ali , Reyimberganov Anvar
Published: December 2023

The research presented in this paper discusses the impact that the parameters of charge (Q) and screening factor (γ) have on properties of the horizon and silhouette of rotating charged ModMax black holes which were reviewed in [Eur.
Phys.
J.
C (2022) 82:1155] recently, building upon previous findings in the field. Furthermore, the study explores the behavior of null geodesics, which can help us better understand the apparent shape of the black hole’s silhouette, as well as the distortion parameter and approximate radii of the silhouette that are influenced by the aforementioned parameters, and there are some values of parameter Q which corresponds to data from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). Notably, we explore the distortion parameter and approximate radii of the silhouette, revealing that while an increase in γ leads to a growth in silhouette radius (R

s
), it simultaneously reduces the distortion rate (δ

s
). Conversely, heightened Q charge results in a reduction of R

s
accompanied by an increase in δ

s
. Lastly, the paper analyzes the effects of the black hole’s parameters on the effective potential and energy emission: the peak value of the energy emission rate experiences a decrease as the screening factor (γ) increases, while it increases with higher values of the charge parameter (Q).
Multi-Objective Reactive Power Optimization for Distribution Networks Based on the Modified Golden Eagle Algorithm
Authors: Lan Ying , Li Yang , Wang Naizhuo
Published: December 2023

The Golden Eagle algorithm was proposed in 2020 by Abdolkarim et al. and has been applied in several fields. In this paper, we introduce the proposed algorithm to the reactive power optimization problem for distribution networks and develop a dual-objective reactive power optimization model with active network loss and node voltage bias. Logistic chaotic mapping and Levy flights are introduced to improve the original algorithm, which is prone to local optima and slow convergence. Finally, the IEEE30 node system is used for testing, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed algorithm in the reactive power optimization problem, and the improved algorithm has faster convergence and higher solution accuracy.
Risk assessment of voltage overrun probability of photovoltaic access distribution system voltage based on quasi-Monte Carlo method
Authors: Xu Bin , Wang Xunting , Ding Jinjin , Chen Liang
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of renewable energy, distributed PV access to the distribution grid has become a common form. However, distributed PV access to the distribution network (DN) may cause voltage overrun problems, which brings challenges to the stability and reliability of the DN. In order to reasonably assess the impact of PV grid connection, the paper proposes a probabilistic trend calculation based on the quasi-Monte Carlo mode method to obtain the node voltage overrun probability under the premise of considering the stochastic nature of PV power generation and load fluctuation, and combines with the utility preference exponential function to characterize the overrun severity, to construct a comprehensive assessment model of voltage overrun probability risk. Taking the IEEE33 node system as an example, the simulation results show that the rational selection of access points effectively reduces the risk of overrun of the whole DN, and improves the safety of the distribution network.