bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Determinant Components on East Java Rice Surplus Contribution Using Dynamical System Approach
Authors: Andri Kuntoro Boga , Pangarsa Nugraha
Published: December 2016

The Ministry of Agriculture has proclaimed rice as a main food commodity, beside corn, soybeans, meat and sugar. In order to achieve the target of the Ministry of Agriculture, East Java provincial government has stipulated a policy, focusing on rice surplus of 5 million tons in 2014. This attempt is to reach the surplus number through a wide selection of technological innovations (determinant component) that increases the productivity of rice (New Superior Variety/VUB, Site Specific Nutrient Management/SSNM, Integreted Crop Management/ PTT, Jarwo/double row planting system, balanced fertilization, SOP harvest / postharvest), as well as an increase in Planting Index/IP by improving irrigation and food diversification program. By using a dynamical system approach (modeling), it can be measured the contribution of each determinant components in achieving surplus / rice self-sufficiency through simulation. The results of the simulation, it was known that the East Java’s rice surplus will continue to decline from 1,806,282 tons (2014) with 170% self-sufficiency index, fell to 1.706.771 tons (2017) and would be 1.367.901 tons (2025). This condition is due to the increasing number of population, agricultural area continues to shrink and productivity is relatively fixed. Index sufficiency / surplus will increase if there is an interference of educational policy to implement a massive exceed of VUB, SSNM, PTT, Jarwo, balanced fertilization, SOP harvest / post-harvest, IP increasing and the succession of diversification in East Java. A surplus of 4.7 million tons of rice in 2014 within East Java can be achieved by implementing massive educational policy movement of PTT and VUB (100% of the area), the application of SOP harvest / post-harvest to reach at least 50% of the area of paddy and controlling OPT strictly. The highest self-sufficiency index (281%) and a surplus of 5.22 million tons will be achieved in case of an interference in implementing policy of PTT jarwo (100% of the area) and an IP increasing amounted to 1.0 (additional areas that can be irrigated, 33.000 ha). Sustainable rice surplus would be achieved in case of an attempt to make food diversification program completely successful, strengthen family planning programs and strictly guard the Regulation No. 5/2012 on the minimum acreage of paddy fields that must be maintained.
Crablet of Mud Crab Scylla Olivacea Production from the Different Stages of Larvae fed Artemia Nauplii Enriched Using Nannochloropsis sp
Authors: Gunarto Gunarto , Parenrengi Andi , Septiningsih Early
Published: December 2016

Improvement of feed quality for mangrove crab larvae rearing is one of theimportant factors to increase of crablet production. The aim of the research was to knowthe influenzing of enriched Artemia nauplii using Nannochloropsis sp fed to the differentstages of larvae Scylla olivacea on crablet production. Twelve units of tanks volume 250L filled with saline water salinity 30 ppt, aerated, then stocked with new hatched mud crablarvae zoea-1 at the density 100 ind./L. The larvae zoea-1 were fed rotifer, Brachionus sp.and after zoea-3, beside fed by rotifer, the larvae were also fed by Artemia naupli. Fourtreatments were tested, namely: A). Artemia nauplii enriched using Nannochloropsis sp.was given to the larvae zoea-3 until develop to megalop stage. B). Artemia nauplii enrichedusing Nannochloropsis sp was given to the larvae zoea-4 until develop to megalop stage.C). Artemia nauplii enriched using Nannochloropsis sp was given to the larvae zoea-5 stageuntil develop to megalop stage. D). Artemia nauplii without enriched using Nannochloropsissp. was given to the larvae zoea-3 until develop to megalop stage. Result of the researchshowed that the highest of Larvae Development Indexes and Megalop Occurence Indexeswas obtained in treatment A and resulted the highest of crablet production, then followed bytreatment C and B and those were significantly different (P<0.05) with the crablet productionin treatment D. The use of Artemia nauplii enriched by Nannochloropsis sp. to feed larvae,S. olivacea stage zoea-3 to zoea-5 until develop to the megalop stage is one of the key factorto enhance the crablet production. By this finding, the crablet production in hatchery will beincreased and the mud crab culture in brackishwater pond able to developed.
“Pananrang”: A Guidance of Buginese Farmers in Farming
Authors: Kamaluddin Apiaty , Husnah Nurdiah , Busthanul Nurbaya , Ali M. Saleh S.
Published: December 2016

Each agrarian society had knowledge about how to interact with and understand nature. Some knowledge gained from nature were recorded and codified as inheritable knowledge from generation to generation. As in Buginese who lived at the southern part of the island of Sulawesi has such as knowledge that was named “Pananrang” or “Lontara Laongruma”. The Pananrang was a knowledge developed based on lunar system (qamariah) as a reference for the farmer in estimating the season, time of planting and so on. The pananrang used as source of information in this article owned by a well experince and knowlegable farmer in District of Wajo, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. It was found that knowledge in panarang was developed based on the principle of regularity of events through 8 years (sipariama) observation. It contain rich of knowledge about farming and other everyday activities in yearly, monthly, and daily time period. It is found that the Pananrang which contains rich knowledge about farming that is still used by majority of Bugineses farmers as source of information in making decision on their farms. It is concluded that the pananrang is valuable and functional knowledge that can be used as a partner for modern scientific knowledge in promoting agriculture development.
Alternative Food Networks Development and Multiple Actors’ Participation in China: A Review
Authors: Yang Huan
Published: December 2016

This article reviews the studies about the alternative food network development in China, summarizes the results and identifies the issues for further research. It first introduces different theoretical perspectives in alternative food network studies in China, including community supported agriculture, nested market, short food supply chains and producerconsumer connection. The causes of rising alternative food networks are the serious food safety problem, the un-balanced power between different actors in the mainstream agrofood system and the increasing number of middle income citizens. Its development close relates to the changes in the international agro-food system. And the government dominates the establishment of the certification system and give limited support to the emerging food networks. The consumers and majority of producers are social elites, and the small scale farmers participate in the networks under the support of intermediaries. Further studies can pay more attention to following issues: the landscape of alternative food networks development in China, the value construction processes between different actors, the role of companies in alternative food network construction and introducing technical perspective of ecological agriculture into research.
Financial Performance of Sustainable Farmers Cooperative (Koptan) in Bali: Leadership, Organizational Culture, Participation, Budget and TQM
Authors: Nuryani Ni Nyoman Juli , Windia Wayan , Susrusa Ketut Budi , Suamba I Ketut
Published: December 2016

This paper deals with financial performance of Koptan include leadership,participation budget, organizational culture and total quality management (TQM). Theresearch objective is to determine the effect of non financial factors on financial performanceKoptan. The study was conducted in Bali, with a focus on Koptan business by consideringthat the business activity is the driving force in the agribusiness sector of the economy. Thedevelopment of this sector will boost the economy of the community so as to create Koptansustainability. Samples are 11 Koptan, with the number of respondents of 97 people. Dataanalysis technique used PLS. The results of this study indicate that, leadership, participation,budget and organizational culture positive and significant impact on TQM Koptan, withthe R-square of 0.63. The effect of leadership, participation, budget and organizationalculture positive and significant impact on the financial performance of Koptan, where asTQM positive and significant impact on the financial performance. It can be concluded that,firstly; leadership, participation budgets, organizational culture and total quality management(TQM) positive and significant impact on the financial performance. Secondly, leadership,participation budgets and organizational culture positive and significant impact on totalquality management (TQM) of Koptan in the region.
Eliminating Tuberculosis One Neighborhood at a Time
Authors: Cegielski J. Peter , Griffith David E. , McGaha Paul K. , Wolfgang Melanie , Robinson Celia B. , Clark Patricia A. , Hassell Willis L. , Robison Valerie A. , Walker Kerfoot P. , Wallace Charles
Published: December 2016

Objectives. We evaluated a strategy for preventing tuberculosis (TB) in communities most affected by it.

Methods. In 1996, we mapped reported TB cases (1985–1995) and positive tuberculin skin test (TST) reactors (1993–1995) in Smith County, Texas. We delineated the 2 largest, densest clusters, identifying 2 highest-incidence neighborhoods (180 square blocks, 3153 residents). After extensive community preparation, trained health care workers went door-to-door offering TST to all residents unless contraindicated. TST-positive individuals were escorted to a mobile clinic for radiography, clinical evaluation, and isoniazid preventive treatment (IPT) as indicated. To assess long-term impact, we mapped all TB cases in Smith County during the equivalent time period after the project.

Results. Of 2258 eligible individuals, 1291 (57.1%) were tested, 229 (17.7%) were TST positive, and 147 were treated. From 1996 to 2006, there were no TB cases in either project neighborhood, in contrast with the preintervention decade and the continued occurrence of TB in the rest of Smith County.

Conclusions. Targeting high-incidence neighborhoods for active, community-based screening and IPT may hasten TB elimination in the United States.
Las generaciones de inmigrantes y sus descendientes y el riesgo de diabetes en la población de los Estados Unidos de origen o ascendencia mexicana: el Estudio sobre Envejecimiento en Latinos del Área de Sacramento (estudio SALSA)
Authors: Afable-Munsuz Aimee , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Pérez-Stable Eliseo J. , Haan Mary N.
Published: December 2016

Objetivo. Se investigó si la aculturación de los inmigrantes y sus descendientes y la generación a la que pertenecen, un marcador de la asimilación, se relacionan con el riesgo de diabetes en una población de adultos mayores de ascendencia u origen mexicano.

Métodos. Se analizaron los datos sobre 1 789 adultos de 60 a 101 años de edad del Estudio sobre Envejecimiento en Latinos del Área de Sacramento (estudio SALSA). Se determinó la presencia de diabetes tipo 2 con base en el uso de medicamentos antidiabéticos, la mención por el paciente del diagnóstico de un médico, o una glucosa en ayunas de 126 mg/dL o mayor. Se aplicó un modelo de regresión logística para la prevalencia de diabetes.

Resultados. Tras ajustar por edad y sexo, se observaron asociaciones significativas pero divergentes entre las generaciones de inmigrantes y sus descendientes, la aculturación y el riesgo de diabetes. En relación con los adultos de la primera generación, los de la segunda tuvieron una razón de posibilidades (odds ratio, OR) de padecer diabetes de 1,8 (intervalo de confianza [IC] de 95% = 1,4, 2,4) y los adultos de la tercera generación tuvieron una OR de 2,1 (IC de 95% = 1,4, 3,1). Sin embargo, una mayor aculturación a los Estados Unidos se relacionó con una tasa ligeramente menor de diabetes. En el modelo completo, tras la incorporación de ajustes para tener en cuenta los factores socioeconómicos y del modo de vida, la relación entre la generación y la diabetes seguía siendo significativa, no así la relación de esta última con la aculturación.

Conclusiones. El presente estudio respalda la idea, anteriormente cuestionada, de que la asimilación se relaciona con un mayor riesgo de diabetes entre los inmigrantes de origen mexicano. Los investigadores deben analizar más detalladamente la presencia de una relación causal entre la asimilación y la salud.
Increasing Children’s Physical Activity During School Recess Periods
Authors: Chin John J. , Ludwig David
Published: December 2016

Objectives. We examined whether schools’ participation in the Recess Enhancement Program (REP) in the spring of 2011 was associated with higher rates of children’s vigorous physical activity.

Methods. In REP, a coach guides children through age-appropriate games aimed at increasing their physical activity. During recess at 25 New York City public elementary schools (15 REP, 10 non-REP), researchers visually scanned predetermined areas (n = 1339 scans), recording the number of sedentary, walking, and very active children.

Results. Multivariate statistical analysis found that participation in REP was a significant predictor (P = .027) of the rate of vigorous physical activity (percentage very active in scan area) whose least-squares means were 41% in REP schools and 27% in non-REP schools. A significantly higher rate in REP schools persisted when the coach was not in the scan area, suggesting a change in the recess culture of REP schools.

Conclusions. The rate of vigorous physical activity in REP schools was 14 percentage points, or 52%, higher than the rate in non-REP schools. This low-cost intervention might be a valuable addition to the tools for combating childhood obesity and worth replicating elsewhere.
Cómo aumentar la actividad física de los niños durante el período del recreo en las escuelas
Authors: Chin John J. , Ludwig David
Published: December 2016

Objetivos. Analizamos si la participación de las escuelas en el Programa de Mejoramiento del Recreo (PMR) en la primavera del año 2011 estuvo asociada a tasas más altas de actividad física intensa en los niños.

Métodos. En el PMR, un coordinador dirige a los niños para que practiquen juegos adecuados para la edad a fin de aumentar su nivel de actividad física. Durante el recreo en 25 escuelas primarias públicas de la ciudad de Nueva York (15 participantes en el PMR, 10 no participantes en el PMR) los investigadores observaron algunas áreas predeterminadas (n = 1 339 observaciones) y registraron el número de niños que estaban sedentarios, caminando o muy activos.

Resultados. Tras el análisis estadístico con múltiples variables se encontró que la participación en el PMR era una variable predictiva significativa (P = 0,027) de la tasa de actividad física intensa (porcentaje de niños muy activos en las áreas de observación) cuyas medias de los mínimos cuadrados fueron de 41% en las escuelas participantes en el PMR y de 27% en escuelas no participantes en el PMR. En las escuelas participantes en el PMR se siguió registrando una tasa significativamente superior incluso cuando el coordinador de juegos no estaba en el área de observación, lo que sugiere un cambio en la cultura del recreo en las escuelas que participan en este programa.

Conclusiones. La tasa de actividad física intensa en las escuelas participantes en el PMR fue 14 puntos porcentuales (o 52%) superior a la tasa registrada en las escuelas no participantes en el PMR. Esta intervención de bajo costo podría ser un agregado valioso a las herramientas para combatir la obesidad infantil y podría valer la pena reproducirla en otros sitios.
Comprehensive HIV Prevention for Transgender Persons
Authors: Neumann Mary Spink , Finlayson Teresa J. , Pitts Nicole L. , Keatley JoAnne
Published: December 2016

Transgender persons are at high risk for HIV infection, but prevention efforts specifically targeting these people have been minimal. Part of the challenge of HIV prevention for transgender populations is that numerous individual, interpersonal, social, and structural factors contribute to their risk.

By combining HIV prevention services with complementary medical, legal, and psychosocial services, transgender persons’ HIV risk behaviors, risk determinants, and overall health can be affected simultaneously. For maximum health impact, comprehensive HIV prevention for transgender persons warrants efforts targeted to various impact levels—socioeconomic factors, decision-making contexts, long-lasting protections, clinical interventions, and counseling and education.

We present current HIV prevention efforts that reach transgender persons and present others for future consideration.
Impact of a Text-Messaging Program on Adolescent Reproductive Health: A Cluster–Randomized Trial in Ghana
Authors: Rokicki Slawa , Cohen Jessica , Salomon Joshua A. , Fink Günther
Published: December 2016

Objectives. To evaluate whether text-messaging programs can improve reproductive health among adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods. We conducted a cluster–randomized controlled trial among 756 female students aged 14 to 24 years in Accra, Ghana, in 2014. We randomized 38 schools to unidirectional intervention (n = 12), interactive intervention (n = 12), and control (n = 14). The unidirectional intervention sent participants text messages with reproductive health information. The interactive intervention engaged adolescents in text-messaging reproductive health quizzes. The primary study outcome was reproductive health knowledge at 3 and 15 months. Additional outcomes included self-reported pregnancy and sexual behavior. Analysis was by intent-to-treat.

Results. From baseline to 3 months, the unidirectional intervention increased knowledge by 11 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7, 15) and the interactive intervention by 24 percentage points (95% CI = 19, 28), from a control baseline of 26%. Although we found no changes in reproductive health outcomes overall, both unidirectional (odds ratio [OR] = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.71) and interactive interventions (OR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.86) lowered odds of self-reported pregnancy for sexually active participants.

Conclusions. Text-messaging programs can lead to large improvements in reproductive health knowledge and have the potential to lower pregnancy risk for sexually active adolescent girls.
Incidence of Mental Health Diagnoses in Veterans of Operations Iraqi Freedom, Enduring Freedom, and New Dawn, 2001–2014
Authors: Ramsey Christine , Dziura James , Justice Amy C. , Altalib Hamada Hamid , Bathulapalli Harini , Burg Matthew , Decker Suzanne , Driscoll Mary , Goulet Joseph , Haskell Sally , Kulas Joseph , Wang Karen H. , Mattocks Kristen , Brandt Cynthia
Published: December 2016

Objectives. To evaluate gender, age, and race/ethnicity as predictors of incident mental health diagnoses among Operations Iraqi Freedom, Enduring Freedom, and New Dawn veterans.

Methods. We used US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) electronic health records from 2001 to 2014 to examine incidence rates and sociodemographic risk factors for mental health diagnoses among 888 142 veterans.

Results. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was the most frequently diagnosed mental health condition across gender and age groups. Incidence rates for all mental health diagnoses were highest at ages 18 to 29 years and declined thereafter, with the exceptions of major depressive disorder (MDD) in both genders, and PTSD among women. Risk of incident bipolar disorder and MDD diagnoses were greater among women; risk of incident schizophrenia, and alcohol- and drug-use disorders diagnoses were greater in men. Compared with Whites, risk incident PTSD, MDD, and alcohol-use disorder diagnoses were lower at ages 18 to 29 years and higher at ages 45 to 64 years for both Hispanics and African Americans.

Conclusions. Differentiating high-risk demographic and gender groups can lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of mental health diagnoses among veterans and other high-risk groups.
INVESTIGATION OF BATCH INTENSIVE QUENCHING PROCESSES WHEN USING HYDRODYNAMIC EMITTERS IN QUENCH TANKS
Authors: Kobasko Nikolai
Published: December 2016

The paper discusses patented in Ukraine a new intensive quenching IQ–2 technology based on film boiling resonance effect [1]. Namely, the paper discusses improving of the batch intensive quenching (IQ) process known as IQ-2 method by the use of hydrodynamic emitters installed in quench tanks. The hydrodynamic emitters produce oscillating waves in the quench media with the frequency of the film boiling process creating a resonance effect. Two- and three-step IQ-2 processes are considered. Specifics of the heat transfer during the IQ-2 process are presented with focusing on the first stage of quenching where film and nucleate boiling processes are taking place. Examples of production IQ-2 equipment and loads processed are also presented. Application of hydrodynamic emitters in the IQ water tanks in addition to currently used propellers is considered in details. It is shown that the proposed new method can fully eliminate the film boiling process resulting in significant reduction of part distortion during quenching. Further evaluation of the proposed method is needed for its implementation in heat treating practice.
DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE METHOD OF STEEL SURFACE HARDENING BY A COMBINED CHEMICAL-THERMAL TREATMENT
Authors: Kostyk Kateryna
Published: December 2016

The aim of the article is a hardening of the surface steel layers due to the combination treatment. Samples of steel 38Cr2MoAl were hardened by complex chemical and thermal treatment such as carburizing and subsequent boriding. It was established that surface double-layer hardening for steel 38Cr2MoAl with sequential saturation with atomic carbon (during carburizing) and atomic boron (during furnace boriding) at different temperatures allowed to form a boride layer with transition zone.

The obtaining transition zone can improve operational properties of machine parts and tools by micro-friability reduction of diffusion layer. An optimal mode of complex chemical-thermal treatment (CTT) was obtained for the regime, which includes carburizing at 950 °C for 2 hours, boriding at 950 °C for 2 hours, which allows to get the best value for the surface hardness of 22 GPa with a maximum overall diffusion layer 1.4 mm. Due to the technology of combined treatment we can significantly reduce treatment time compared to traditional hardening means and significantly improve product performance properties due to the transition zone between the borides and the matrix of machine elements. The technology can be used in enterprises where there is any hardening furnace without additional installation or conversion of equipment.
THE STUDY OF METHODOLOGY OF FORMATION OF THE COMPLEX MECHANISM OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF BUILDING ENTERPRISE
Authors: Kononova Oleksandra
Published: December 2016

Strategic objectives and principles that support them should automatically transform into a company concept, detail its status, express intent of the owner and management of the company, when working with customers and the public. Therefore, the implementation of strategic objectives and principles should be formed by the model of complex mechanism of strategic management.
Mechanisms of strategic management can be represented as a set of factors; organizational, economic, motivational, technical and technological, legal and policy interventions that convert strategic management to the new, desired state. In practice, these mechanisms are so closely interrelated with each other that it is difficult to separate any natural factor, which is not included in the different mechanism of strategic management but rather belongs to factors of a different nature.
Therefore, the selection of strategic management mechanisms on the principle of uniformity is made only by the presence of the main features: economic, organizational, motivational, technical, technological or legal. The fundamental difference between the proposed complex mechanism of strategic management of building enterprise management mechanism, is that the mechanism of strategic management has a modulated condition for achieving the future goals of the company and the future survival under fierce competition.
Simulated version of our integrated strategic management mechanism of building company is able to achieve the strategic goals under different business operations.
The actual mechanism of strategic management is always specific, and is always aimed at achieving specific goals through the implementation of specific strategies. It is formed whenever administrative decision has taken place by the coordination of all the elements of management mechanism. Some properties have long-term mechanism of action, other properties - a short-term.
Strategic management deals with long-term goals, because it is essential in the formation of long-term mechanism of action.
Thus, the formation mechanism of strategic management is carried out repeatedly in accordance to the objectives and strategies of the company to promote a certain goal. The result of these influences will bring the facility into compliance with management objectives. If you unable to mobilize the right amount of resources, you have to review or management techniques or readjust management objectives.
CHRONIC GASTRITIS CLINICAL FEATURES AND STOMACH FUNCTIONAL STATE DURING NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS ADMINISTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Zak Maxim , Pasiyeshvili Lyudmila
Published: December 2016

Aim. Determination of chronic gastritis clinical features and stomach functional state during nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) administration in patients with osteoarthritis (OA).

Materials and methods. 122 patients with OA and verified chronic gastritis (CG) (50 males and 72 females) aged 42 to 64 years (mean age – 49.65±3.51) were observed. Depending on gastritis morphological form, patients were divided into 2 groups: 54 patients with OA in combination with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG) were included into the group I, 68 patients with OA in combination with atrophic gastritis (AG) – into group II. 40 patients with OA without concomitant gastroduodenal pathology in anamnesis were included into the group III. All patients obtained selective NSAID for OA treatment: Meloxicam 15 mg daily or Nimesulide 200 mg daily. The control group was formed by 20 persons, which were found to be healthy after a complex examination. Stomach acid-forming function was investigated using esophageal pH monitoring. In the gastric contents, which obtained by aspiration, concentration of sialic acids glycoproteins, fucose, and hexosamines was determined.

Results. Clinical picture of NSAID gastropathy at NAG characterized by abdominal pain of varying intensity and not associated with eating, but in patients with AG severity and discomfort symptoms dominated over weakly expressed pain syndrome. As a result of NSAID, in the group I dyspepsia developed in 31 (57.4 %), and erosive gastropathy developed in 9 (16.7 %) patients. In the group II, erosive gastropathy and dyspepsia were observed in 15 (22.1%) and in 35 (51.5 %) patients, respectively. In the group III, erosive gastropathy was observed 3.3 times (c2=84.33; р=0.009) and 4.4 times (c2=36.78; р=0.002) less than in groups I and II, respectively. In 25% patients of the group I after NSAID therapy intragastric pH increased from normacid to hyperacid status. In the group II, NSAID administration led to stomach mucosal (SM) protective factors depletion, which was observed in 73.3 % and in 28.6 % of patients with erosive gastropathy and NSAID-associated dyspepsia, respectively. At AG with erosive gastropathy, unlike NAG, several protective factors simultaneous reduction was observed.

Coonclusion. In anamnesis, CG factor at selective NSAID administration (Meloxicam and Nimesulide) in relation to OA significantly increases the risk of erosive gastropathy, compared with patients without CG in anamnesis. At OA NSAID administration in patients with NAG led to gastric contents acidification and in patients with AG – to SM protective factors depletion (glycoprotein, fucose, and hexosamine).
THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSRECTAL MULTIFOCAL PROSTATE BIOPSY UNDER ULTRASOUND CONTROL ON THE DEGREE OF INFRAVESICAL OBSTRUCTION IN DIFFERENT GROUPS OF PATIENTS
Authors: Gevorkyan Ashot , Lumpov Ilya , Avakyan Armen
Published: December 2016

Prostate cancer - is a malignant neoplasm arising from prostatic epithelium. [1] It is well known, that prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men population. Most patients, who underwent a biopsy of prostate, have expressed varying degrees of benign prostatic hyperplasia and, accordingly, symptoms, specific to the disease, including symptoms of the lower urinary (LUTS). [2], Uroflowmetry is a method widely used around the world to assess the degree of severity of infravesical obstruction [3].

The aim was to determine the degree of influence of transrectal multifocal biopsy of the prostate under ultrasound control on the degree of infravesical obstruction [4].

The study included patients with elevated serum PSA over 4 ng/ml with the volume (Vpr) of prostate from 20 cm³ to 90 cm³, volume of residual urine no more than 50 cm ³. Uroflowmetry was performed with the determination of the volume of residual urine at the primary treatment. At 21 day after transrectal multifocal prostate biopsy under Ultrasound control all patients underwent uroflowmetry. The age of patients ranged from 40 to 70 years. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the volume of the prostate gland. The first group consisted of 28 people where prostate volume ranged from 20 cm³ to 40 cm³, in the second group, consisted of 25 persons, prostate volume ranged from 41 cm³ to 60 cm³, and in the third group, consisted of 30 people, prostate volume ranged from 61 cm³ to 90 cm³. The following indicators of urofloumetry were determined as the following: voided volume, max flow rate, average flow, voiding time, flow time, time to max flow, and the volume of residual urine.

This study has demonstrated a high risk of complications in patients with prostate volume of more than 60 cm3 caused by infravesical obstruction after prostate biopsy.
ADHESIVE PROPERTIES AND SENSITIVITY TO ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS OF CANDIDA ALBICANS, WHICH ARE RELEASED FROM PATIENTS OF GASTROENTEROLOGICAL PROFILE WITH CANDIDIASIS OF THE MUCOSA OF THE UPPER PART OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT
Authors: Kushnirenko Inessa
Published: December 2016

Candida albicans were released from 146 loci from 89 patients in order to perform the investigation. The fourth stage of contamination by Candida albicans in the scrape from the tongue and candidiasis of the esophagus or /and the stomach during microbiologic investigations of the biopsy materials were the main criterion for this research. HIV-infected patients and patients in whom antibacterial therapy was done less than in four weeks were excluded from the investigation. Microorganisms were taken from the next biopsy materials: oropharyngeal area included 81, esophagus contained 30, stomach included 24 in general (the body of the stomach contained 14 and antrum included 10, gastric juice included 11. Adhesion evaluation was done by microtechnique in U-shaped microplates with formalized erythrocytes 0(І), Rh +. According to the results of the investigation, the released fungi in 51,37 % of cases were characterized as nonadherent ones, in 28,77 % of cases it was defined as low level of adhesiveness and only in 17,12 % of cases it was determined as average and high level of the adhesiveness. Adhesiveness increase was not associated with the increase of the contamination of the oral cavity and with the severity of the damage of the mucosa of the esophagus or /and the stomach. In 97,8 % of cases, strains of Candida albicans were sensitive to fluconazole, in 75,6 % of cases, strains were sensitive to itraconasole and in 24,4 % of cases they were determined as moderately sensitive and resistant that initiates fluconazole as the drug of the choice for the treatment of the candidiasis of the mucosa of the upper part of the digestive tract. So, received data determines the necessity to detect factors of dysfunction of antifungal resistance of the mucosa that detects the development of its candidal damage.
A Experiência do Planejamento Regional em Bases Territoriais na Amazônia: O Caso da Regionalização do Estado do Pará
Authors: Dias Danielle Rodrigues , Farias André Luís Assunção de
Published: December 2016

A regionalização do estado do Pará adotada em 2008, as Regiões de Integração, surgiu como instrumento da política de planejamento estadual do Pará, a partir da necessidade de se obter um recorte espacial mais coerente com o modelo de desenvolvimento proposto pelo novo governo. Este artigo objetiva problematizar a experiência do planejamento regional no estado do Pará, a partir da utilização de instrumentos que visaram fomentar o desenvolvimento a nível territorial no Pará. A metodologia utilizada parte de um estudo de caso, consubstanciado em ampla pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas com gestores públicos e análise documental. A descentralização Política e Espacial compôs um dos eixos da Política de Integração regional do Pará, a partir da criação e instalação de Núcleos e Centros regionais nas diversas regiões do estado, assim como a incorporação do Planejamento Territorial Participativo teve como objetivo, garantir a participação popular na definição das políticas a serem efetivadas. Estabeleceu-se o planejamento ambiental por meio da elaboração dos Planos de Desenvolvimento Regional Sustentável (PDRS) que visaram integrar as ações das três esferas do governo, e orientar a participação da iniciativa privada no estado do Pará. E assim esta regionalização se constrói e se efetiva como instrumento de intervenção e normativo, sobretudo por conformar parte de um planejamento estatal do governo do Pará. A utilização de indicadores homogêneos para a definição das doze regiões suscitou alguns problemas onde se observou necessidades de alterações futuras nos critérios da configuração espacial.
POSSIBILIDADES E RISCOS DA JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA PARA A CONSOLIDAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Chaves Vinicius Figueiredo
Published: December 2016

A judicialização da política aflorou nas democracias ocidentais no final do século XX. Faz-se presente também no Brasil, que desenvolveu as condições institucionais para o surgimento do fenômeno. Este artigo debate questões importantes ao entendimento do processo de judicialização, tais como as relações entre a política, o direito, a constituição e os poderes constituídos do Estado, com foco na análise da postura do Judiciário, a partir de sua Suprema Corte, enquanto poder inserido num contexto democrático caracterizado pelo princípio da separação de poderes. Essa manifestação da expansão do poder judicial pode ser tanto útil quanto deletéria para a democracia, prestando-se ao reforço ou mesmo ao estremecimento de seus alicerces, dependendo da forma como for empreendida e da postura não apenas do Judiciário, evidentemente, mas também do Executivo e do Legislativo.
OS SISTEMAS DE PROTEÇÃO AOS DIREITOS HUMANOS E O BRASIL: DA PARTICIPAÇÃO NO SISTEMA GLOBAL AO (DES) CUMPRIMENTO NA ESFERA REGIONAL
Authors: Noschang Patricia Grazziotin
Published: December 2016

A proteção aos direitos humanos ocorre em duas esferas: universal e regional. No plano universal/global a Organização das Nações Unidas através do Conselho de Direitos Humanos exerce o papel de fiscalização do cumprimento da Declaração Universal de Direitos Humanos e do Pacto de Direitos Civis e Políticos e do Pacto de Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais através do Revisão Periódica Universal. Na esfera regional a competência cabe à Organização dos Estados Americanos através da Comissão  Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, que recebe denuncias do descumprimento da Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos e demais tratados firmados nesse plano. O Brasil reconhece e integra os dois sistemas, global e regional. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar o dinâmica funcional desses dois sistemas do universal ao regional bem como a participação do Brasil nessas duas esferas observando se o Estado brasileiro está cumprindo com as determinações oriundas dos dois sistemas, pois o problema está no descumprimento das normas internacionais em que o Estado se propôs a respeitar quando firmou tratados sobre a matéria. O método de abordagem utilizado é o indutivo e o de procedimento o bibliográfico e documental.
UNA REFLEXIÓN FILOSÓFICA DE LA DINÁMICA HISTÓRICA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS
Authors: Martinez Alejandro Rosillo
Published: December 2016

Este artículo parte de la afirmación de que la narración hegemónica sobre la dinámica histórica de los derechos humanos tiene como fundamento, explícito o implícito, la filosofía ilustrada de la historia. Desde la Filosofía de la Liberación se critica esta concepción, y se considera que existen diversas alturas procesales donde, desde diferentes racionalidades y realidades, se generan demandas y reivindicaciones de las comunidades de victimizados en búsqueda de posibilitar la producción, reproducción y desarrollo de su vida. La dinámica histórica de los derechos no responde a generaciones que se complementan entre sí, ni a la expansión de la racionalidad interna de un concepto, sino a la posibilitación y generación de capacidades que la praxis histórica de liberación de los pueblos pueda dar de sí.
PENSAMENTO, JULGAMENTO E “POLÍTICA DO MAL”. DISCUSSÃO DA ABORDAGEM ARENDTIANA
Authors: Albuquerque Cristina Pinto
Published: December 2016

No presente artigo procuramos refletir em torno da conceção de “mal” nas sociedades democráticas modernas. O eixo analítico condutor desta reflexão centrar-se-á na relação entre uma determinada conceção de mal e os pressupostos da intencionalidade e da responsabilidade individual. Para o efeito, partiremos da tese de Arendt sobre a banalidade do mal, produzido e disseminado no âmago de regimes totalitários, discutindo os elos entre a (in) capacidade de pensar e de julgar e o livre-arbítrio, para, de seguida, posicionar algumas hipóteses sobre a compreensão do mal nas sociedades contemporâneas.
VIOLÊNCIA VELADA: A HISTÓRIA DE PESCADORAS EMBARCADAS CONTADA POR ROSE MARY GERBER
Authors: Jung Patricia , Renk Arlene Anelia
Published: December 2016

Em “Mulheres e o mar: pescadoras embarcadas, no litoral de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil”, de forma envolvente e apaixonada pela temática, e justamente por isso quase sob a forma de um romance, Rose Mary Gerber apresenta um estudo etnográfico realizado nas cidades de Governador Celso Ramos, São Francisco do Sul e Balneário Barra Sul com 22 pescadoras. O objetivo da pesquisa, que decorre de sua tese de doutoramento, se consistituiu em investigar a existência de pescadoras embarcadas (em mar), e a partir disso a análise da realidade em que estão envoltas; incorrendo por reflexo, em um processo de visibilização da mulher na atividade pesqueira, seja ela embarcada ou em terra.
Wirausaha Santri Berbasis Budidaya Tanaman Hidroponik
Authors: Izzuddin Ahmad
Published: December 2016

Cultivation of hydroponic plants need to be socialized in detail and depth to the students Ponpes Life Skill DaarunNajaah. In addition to training students to grow plants that are effective and efficient, training hydroponic plant cultivation is expected to train the spirit of independence and entrepreneurial spirit in view of this hydroponic plant is a plant that has the potential to sell on the market because the quality is good for health. Farming with hydroponics system saves 90% of water use compared with planting in the ground. Hydroponics system has many advantages than conventional systems with their land.
Elimination of nitrate in secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants by Fe0 and Pd-Cu/diatomite
Authors: Yun Yupan , Li Zifu , Chen Yi-Hung , Saino Mayiani , Cheng Shikun , Zheng Lei
Published: December 2016

Because total nitrogen (TN), in which nitrate (NO3–) is dominant in the effluent of most wastewater treatment plants, cannot meet the requirement of Chinese wastewater discharge standard (<15 mg/L), NO3– elimination has attracted considerable attention. In this research, the novel diatomite-supported palladium-copper catalyst (Pd-Cu/diatomite) with zero-valent iron (Fe0) was tried to use for catalytic reduction of nitrate in wastewater. Firstly, specific operational conditions (such as mass ratio of Pd:Cu, catalyst amounts, reaction time and pH of solution) were optimized for nitrate reduction in artificial solution. Secondly, the selected optimal conditions were further employed for nitrate elimination of real effluent of a wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China. Results showed that 67% of nitrate removal and 62% of N2 selectivity could be obtained under the following conditions: 5 g/L Fe0, 3:1 mass ratio (Pd:Cu), 4 g/L catalyst, 2 h reaction time and pH 4.3. Finally, the mechanism of catalytic nitrate reduction was also proposed.
Соотношение гражданского и религиозного аспектов социальной идентичности
Authors: Zlokazov Kirill V. , Leonov Nikolay I.
Published: December 2016

The paper presents an experience of research of a complex identity as identification of a conflict between civil European and religious Islamic cultures. Social identity is a person’s representation of himself/herself in social structures of different scales: national, ethnic, and religious. It is proved that religious identification forms social, as well as personal identity of a Muslim. The authors consider the development of Islamic personal identity in the process of self-identifying reflection and intragroup and extragroup relations in the religious community. The parameters of identity are defined by: a) individual interpretation ofIslam by the religious person, b) interpretation of Islam in the religious community, c) relations between the religious person, community and other social groups. The concept of a complex social identity (S. Roccas, M. Brewer) was a theoretical construct used for determining the compatibility of civil and religious identity and evaluating its complexity. The study involved Muslims with different levels of Islamicpersonal identity: missing, determined, found and acquired.The study established the tendency of the reduction in the level of civil social identity under the influence of the religious identity of people who identified themselves with Islam. The problem of their social identity was studied in metaphors of conflict and balance from the European social and psychological practice. The metaphor ofconflict is based on the impossibility of acculturation of the Islamic communities and predicts the development of destructive relations between the religious people, their religious communities, and other social groups. The metaphor of balance presupposes the collapse of Islamic personal identity as a result of the reduction of radicalism inthe religious communities and encouragement of individualization of Muslims by means of political, social, and cultural recognition in the society.
Закономерности влияния мотивационной сферы командиров младшего звена на направленность межличностных отношений
Authors: Migunova Iuliia S.
Published: December 2016

The article deals with the relationships between junior commanders and cadets of educational institutions of Russian State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations in the process of training and service activities. The present study analyzes the influence of the motivational sphere of commanders on the orientation ofinterpersonal relationships when interacting with subordinate cadets.An important problem was socio-psychological selection of candidates for sergeant’s positions in schools of an extreme profile. Findings of the study are of direct practical relevance for the algorithmization of selection of junior commanders with regard to their relationships with others. The paper covers a part of the study where the authors consider the following features of the motivation of junior commanders: (a) prominence of achievement motivation, (b) tendency to manipulate other people, and (c) prevailing orientation in teaching and service activities. The authors also analyze the real and the ideal structure of the interpersonal orientation of sergeants from the point of view ofjunior commanders and their subordinates. The results of the study showed that business orientation, expressed in the desire tocontrol the group in training and service activities and to achieve its best efficiency, was unformed in the majority of junior commanders. Junior officers were not always able to assess their ability to interact with the team independently. The level of suspiciousnessplays an important role in interpersonal orientation of junior commanders. The results of the study are of direct practical relevance for the development of (a) the program for pre-selection of junior commanders even at the first year of training and (b) the program for the improvement of relationships between junior commanders, command, and subordinated cadets.
Специфика карьерной перспективы личности, оказавшейся в ситуации безработицы
Authors: Kurilova Anna V. , Enin Aleksandr L. , Grimsoltanova Taisiia E. , Golubova Vera М.
Published: December 2016

The article provides psychological understanding of the definition of “career prospects” and presents the results of a theoretical and empirical study of structural components of the career prospects of the unemployed. The carried out study revealed the following main structural components of career prospects of the person: cognitive (mental representations of professional career); affective (the system of relations in the career planning process), behavioral (multidirectional actions to achieve career development); motivational (motives of professional career), value (value guidelines of professionalcareer). The paper presents a model of career prospects. The degree of formation of structural components of this model is the main criterion of its development/presence. The analysis of the respondents’ representations of career prospects made it possible to distinguish four basic types of prospects: fully formed, partially formed, insufficiently formed, and unformed ones. To achieve the objectives of the present study the authors developed a questionnaire aimed at studying the structural components of career prospects. The authors carried out the correlation analysis of the components of the career prospects of the unemployed and drew a conclusion about specific features of careerprospects of the unemployed as one of the processes related to career planning. The study revealed that the career prospects of the unemployed relates to the implementation of individual values of the maintenance of health, communication, and love. The unemployed planned their career prospects for a relatively near time period. The insufficiently formed and unformed career prospects, which were basedon the motivation to avoid failure and orientation on the past and the abovementioned values, were dominant in the unemployed. Only 4 % of the unemployed had the formed career perspects.