bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of fadD19 and echA19 in Sterol Side Chain Degradation by Mycobacterium smegmatis
Authors: Wrońska Natalia , Brzostek Anna , Szewczyk Rafał , Soboń Adrian , Dziadek Jarosław , Lisowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2016

Mycobacteria are able to degrade natural sterols and use them as a source of carbon and energy. Several genes which play an important role in cholesterol ring degradation have been described in Mycobacterium smegmatis. However, there are limited data describing the molecular mechanism of the aliphatic side chain degradation by Mycobacterium spp. In this paper, we analyzed the role of the echA19 and fadD19 genes in the degradation process of the side chain of cholesterol and β-sitosterol. We demonstrated that the M. smegmatis fadD19 and echA19 genes are not essential for viability. FadD19 is required in the initial step of the biodegradation of C-24 branched sterol side chains in Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155, but not those carrying a straight chain like cholesterol. Additionally, we have shown that echA19 is not essential in the degradation of either substrate. This is the first report, to our knowledge, on the molecular characterization of the genes playing an essential role in C-24 branched side chain sterol degradation in M. smegmatis mc2155.
Two New Nepenthes Species from the Philippines and an Emended Description of Nepenthes ramos
Authors: Gronemeyer Thomas , Suarez Wally , Nuytemans Herman , Calaramo Michael , Wistuba Andreas , Mey François , Amoroso Victor
Published: May 2016

With 50 species of the genus Nepenthes L. currently described from the Philippines, it is without doubt that the country, along with the islands of Sumatra (Indonesia) and Borneo (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei), should be considered the center of diversity of the genus. In this work, we describe two new species. One species, N. aenigma sp. nov., is from Ilocos Norte province on Luzon Island and has the—for Nepenthes—unusual ecological preference to grow in dense vegetation in deep shade. The other new species is from Mount Hamiguitan in Davao Oriental province on Mindanao Island. With this new entry, Mount Hamiguitan is now home to four endemic species (N. peltata, N. micramphora, N. hamiguitanensis, N. justinae sp. nov.). Furthermore, we provide an emended description of N. ramos based on field data. Nepenthes kurata is synonymized here with N. ramos.
Comparison of Canopy Volume Measurements of Scattered Eucalypt Farm Trees Derived from High Spatial Resolution Imagery and LiDAR
Authors: Verma Niva , Lamb David , Reid Nick , Wilson Brian
Published: May 2016

Studies estimating canopy volume are mostly based on laborious and time-consuming field measurements; hence, there is a need for easier and convenient means of estimation. Accordingly, this study investigated the use of remotely sensed data (WorldView-2 and LiDAR) for estimating tree height, canopy height and crown diameter, which were then used to infer the canopy volume of remnant eucalypt trees at the Newholme/Kirby ‘SMART’ farm in north-east New South Wales. A regression model was developed with field measurements, which was then applied to remote-sensing-based measurements. LiDAR estimates of tree dimensions were generally lower than the field measurements (e.g., 6.5% for tree height) although some of the parameters (such as tree height) may also be overestimated by the clinometer/rangefinder protocols used. The WorldView-2 results showed both crown projected area and crown diameter to be strongly correlated to canopy volume, and that crown diameter yielded better results (Root Mean Square Error RMSE 31%) than crown projected area (RMSE 42%). Although the better performance of LiDAR in the vertical dimension cannot be dismissed, as suggested by results obtained from this study and also similar studies conducted with LiDAR data for tree parameter measurements, the high price and complexity associated with the acquisition and processing of LiDAR datasets mean that the technology is beyond the reach of many applications. Therefore, given the need for easier and convenient means of tree parameters estimation, this study filled a gap and successfully used 2D multispectral WorldView-2 data for 3D canopy volume estimation with satisfactory results compared to LiDAR-based estimation. The result obtained from this study highlights the usefulness of high resolution data for canopy volume estimations at different locations as a possible alternative to existing methods.
Optimal Timing for Post-Activation Potentiation in Women Collegiate Volleyball Players
Authors: Ah Sue Robert , Adams Kent , DeBeliso Mark
Published: May 2016

Post-activation potentiation (PAP) has been shown to acutely amplify muscular power output and may be advantageous for athletes looking to improve performance. PAP may have an acute window of effectiveness between 2 to 20 min. With correct timing and implementation it may be possible to induce PAP in competitive situations. The purpose of this study was to examine the time frame of potentiation following a PAP warm-up in collegiate female volleyball players. In this study, nine female collegiate volleyball players completed three laboratory sessions over the course of 10 days. During the first session, the athlete’s 5-RM back squat was determined for subsequent use as the conditioning activity to initiate PAP. A repeated measures experimental design was then employed for Sessions 2 and 3 where half of the participants alternately performed either a dynamic or PAP warm-up prior to performing a standing long jump (SLJ) at 2, 6, 10, 14, and 18 min. A mixed-factor repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effects of the two warm-up strategies (PAP vs. dynamic) on standing long jump (SLJ) performance across time. There was a significant effect for time (p < 0.01) and warm-up strategy (p < 0.01). Bonferroni post hoc techniques determined that the SLJs that followed the PAP warm-up were significantly greater at 2 (4.8%), 6 (3.6%), and 10 (3.6%) min compared to SLJs post-dynamic warm-up (p < 0.05). However, those differences did not persist at 14 or 18 min (p > 0.05). Further analysis included non-parametric pairwise comparisons (Wilcoxon signed-rank tests) between the SLJ scores at 2, 6, 10, 14, and 18 min (PAP vs. dynamic). The non-parametric results were consistent with the parametric results. Within the parameters of this study, it is concluded that performing a 5-RM back squat induces a measureable PAP effect for up to 10 min.
Low-Carbon Warehousing: Examining Impacts of Building and Intra-Logistics Design Options on Energy Demand and the CO2 Emissions of Logistics Centers
Authors: Freis Julia , Vohlidka Philipp , Günthner Willibald
Published: May 2016

Logistics centers contribute to CO2 emissions in the building and logistics sector and therefore share a responsibility to decarbonize not only the supply chain. Synergy effects in both building and intra-logistics should be considered as suitable levers to lower energy demand and related CO2 emissions. This research develops firs t with a systemic approach an integrated analytical model for energy calculation and reference building models for different types of logistics centers to provide basic knowledge and a methodological framework for planners and managers to aid in the selection of different intra-logistics and building design options for optimum energy efficiency. It then determines the energy demand in reference building models and performs parameter studies to examine interrelations and impacts of design options for intra-logistics, building technology, and building skin on energy demand. It combines these to optimized reference building models to show the extent to which energy and CO2 emission savings can be reached. The results show that it is possible to significantly lower CO2 emissions. However, there are clear differences between the different types of logistics centers and the impacts of different design options.
Challenges and Success Factors of ERP Systems in Australian SMEs
Authors: Venkatraman Sitalakshmi , Fahd Kiran
Published: May 2016

Today, great potential is envisaged for ERP systems in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and software vendors have been repackaging their ERP systems for SMEs with a recent focus on cloud-based systems. While cloud ERP offers the best solution for SMEs without the overheads of the huge investment and management costs that are associated with traditional ERP systems, the SME sector faces many challenges in their adoption. Traditional ERP studies have predominantly focused on large organizations, and gaps in the literature indicate that both vendor and consumer perspectives require more understanding with new technology offerings for SMEs. This paper describes some of the common challenges, such as cost effectiveness, alignment between software and business processes, customized governance and training, which form the major SME constraints for ERP system adoption. Due to the dynamic nature of SME businesses, best practice guidelines for an SME’s ERP implementation could be arrived at through closer investigation of its business requirements in order to avoid misfits. This forms the main objective of the study. We identify key success factors of ERP implementation in an Australian SME as a case study. These target success factors are then compared to the actual outcomes achieved. Factors such as business process alignment with the ERP system, meeting customer and stakeholder needs and reducing recurring and maintenance costs were key to the success of ERP implementation for the Australian SME. In particular, the IT and business strategy alignment with a customer focus and flexible reporting features of ERP systems has resulted in business agility.
Worldmaking and Domestic Tourists: Critical Insights from Philosophical Hermeneutics
Authors: Jacobsen Damien
Published: May 2016

This review article raises insights into domestic tourism that deserve earnest attention from conceptualists and practitioners in Tourism Studies/Tourism Management (hereafter Tourism Studies). In it, Jacobsen critiques the movement in Tourism Studies, which is described by Hollinshead as worldmaking and which is indicative of the shift toward critical inquiry into the sociopolitical nature of tourism and travel. Jacobsen considers that the notion of (and practice of) worldmaking highlights the globalized nature of tourism that must be considered in relation to the complex place-specific processes of production. However, Jacobsen critically argues in this review article that the range of sociopolitical agencies illuminated via a worldmaking approach is an overinternationalized one and is therefore stifled by a presupposition that can obscure the conceptualization of, and therefore inquiry into, domestic tourism. In this light, Jacobsen maintains that this undersuspected presupposition relates to the construction of existential tourist being as “a place relation” that commences from “rupture.” He attempts to remedy this constrained Tourism Studies thinking by drawing on Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics—in support of Caton's recent call (within this journal) for more informed reflections on Gadamerian interpretations of “tourism.” Following Gadamer's insistence on the extent to which historical influence conditions the present, Jacobsen assigns “historicity" to touristhood in a move embracing the view that tourist being commonly implicates relations to place that actually precede the act of or experience in tourism. In examining the advocations that worldmaking is a helpful working conceptualization that can potentially and incrementally envision/reenvision tourism as a facilitator for genuine dialogue between disparate peoples, Jacobsen seeks to recast received considerations about “tourist being,” ipso facto. Yet, Jacobsen's review article suggests that this potential for tourism to provide settings to contend with seemingly irreconcilable difference in the world is problematic, especially in regard to Heideggerian understandings about the inauthenticities of our time and the historically conditioned links between domestic tourists and place. Overall, this review article proposes that philosophical hermeneutics can indeed provide crucial insights that extend what he sees as Hollinshead's ideas beyond current thresholds of thinking about worldmaking to open up new even further and fresher awarenesses of and about emancipated being, or rather of “being through tourism.”
Male partners’ views of involvement in maternal healthcare services at Makhado Municipality clinics, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Nesane Kenneth , Maputle Sonto M. , Shilubane Hilda
Published: May 2016

Background: Male partners have a strong influence on pregnant partners’ health and their access to care. Their involvement is critical in the delivery and uptake of maternal healthcare services and improving maternal and child health outcomes.Aim: The study sought to determine male partners’ views on their involvement in maternal healthcare services.Setting: The Makhado Municipality’s Kutama, Madombidzha and Vleifontein clinics.Methods: A qualitative study design, which is exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature, was used. The population comprised 15 men whose partners had been pregnant within the last 2 years. A non-probability, purposive sampling procedure was used. Data were collected via in-depth individual interviews using a voice recorder and an interview schedule guide. Tesch’s open coding method was used to analyse data.Results: The findings revealed one major theme, namely that maternal health issues are viewed as a woman’sdomain; and three sub-themes: culture and participation in childbirth, male partners’ employment status, and male partners’ unwillingness to participate in maternal health issues.Conclusions: The involvement of male partners in maternal healthcare services, and further research in promoting this activity, should be proposed to policymakers.Keywords: Views, partners, involvement, maternal health care services, antenatal care, labour and postnatal care.
Autoeficácia, intensidade de dor e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com dor crônica
Authors: Silva Mariana Souza e , Hortense Priscilla , Napoleão Ana Maria , Stefane Thais
Published: May 2016

O estudo teve como objetivo correlacionar autoeficácia, qualidade de vida e intensidade de dor em pessoas com dor crônica. Estudo tipo corte transversal. Amostra de 95 pessoas com dor crônica, recrutada na área de abrangência de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Os instrumentos utilizados na pesquisa foram: a Escala de Autoeficácia para Dor, Escala Numérica de Dor e o WHOQOL – Bref, para avaliação da autoeficácia, intensidade de dor e qualidade de vida. As correlações indicaram que indivíduos com dor crônica e elevados níveis de autoeficácia podem apresentar menor intensidade de dor e melhor qualidade de vida. Autoeficácia e qualidade de vida são variáveis a serem consideradas na avaliação de pessoas com dor crônica.
Acesso e cuidado do recém-nascido em um programa de atenção à saúde
Authors: Lima Poliana Remundini de , Furtado Maria Cândida de Carvalho , Reis Márcia Cristina Guerreiro dos , Mello Débora Falleiros de , Pina Juliana Coelho
Published: May 2016

Estudo transversal que objetivou descrever o acesso e a integralidade do atendimento de crianças menores de um ano de idade, nascidas entre janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2012 em um município brasileiro, a partir de um programa de atenção ao recém-nascido. Das 24.560 crianças, 55,0% são usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde; 10,1% das crianças apresentaram baixo peso ao nascer; 6.332 (46,9%) crianças receberam vacina BCG no dia da consulta de enfermagem; 13.590 (79,5%) crianças realizaram triagem neonatal com menos de sete dias de vida; 17.035 (69,4%) crianças foram vacinadas contra Hepatite B ao nascimento; dentre os usuários SUS, 68% das crianças compareceram à consulta de enfermagem na primeira semana de vida e 37,8% à consulta médica após 10 dias de vida. O estudo apresenta informações sobre o cuidado, após o nascimento, do recém-nascido na rede básica de saúde, como potencial instrumento para coordenar a assistência prestada a esta clientela.
The History of the Tuscarora Female Seminary
Authors: Sizelove Audrey R.
Published: May 2016

The Tuscarora Female Seminary played a unique role in women's education in Juniata County, being the only secondary school established to educate young women. It began in 1847 and educated young women for almost twenty-five years; however, its story has been neglected by historians and further obscured by poor documentation. This article is an opportunity to finally tell its story.
Editorial núm 13
Authors: Pereyra López Jilma
Published: May 2016

Cumpliendo con el objetivo de “Formar profesionales de alto nivel científico-técnico y ético en el área de la Gestión Comunitaria, capaces de incidir constructivamente en el desarrollo social como eje fundamental del desarrollo integral de su país y región” concluyó el programa de Maestría en Gestión del Desarrollo Comunitario desarrollado por UNAN-Managua FAREM-Estelí www.farem.unan.edu.ni y ABACOenRed www.abacoenred.com 100% modalidad virtual, en el cual participaron profesionales de 6 países latinoamericanos.
Resiliencia en mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia de género
Authors: Gutiérrez Torres Matilde Jahayra , Rodríguez Rivera Naví
Published: May 2016

Como producto de la investigación con mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia, en el presente artículo se pretende comprender las prácticas significativas de tres mujeres resilientes que han experimentado violencia emocional en las relaciones de género, pertenecientes a estratos sociales de clase trabajadora. Aportando a la reflexión de otras mujeres que están en proceso de salir del ciclo de la violencia, en la ciudad de Estelí. La estrategia de investigación es cualitativa, aplicando entrevistas a profundidad. Para la exploración del tema se realizó un grupo focal y el método de abordamiento se enmarca en relatos de vidas cruzadas y paralelas (Manuel Pujadas, 2000). Debido a la condición de subordinación vivida por las mujeres por causa de la prevalencia del patriarcado en la sociedad, se profundizó en los aspectos que motivan a las mujeres a salir de la violencia, cómo logran fortalecerse personalmente, a pesar de todas las condiciones de riesgo a las que se enfrentan y qué mecanismos ponen en práctica en el acto de salida de la violencia. Indagar y analizar sobre los factores emocionales, que se fortalecen en las mujeres una vez que han salido de la violencia, es relevante.
Aporte a la superación de la pobreza extrema: El liderazgo, una conquista en la agencia de la mujer
Authors: Arenas Gómez Juliana , Herrera Herrera Ertilia
Published: May 2016

El presente artículo, es resultado del trabajo investigativo desarrollado con madres líderes del Programa Más Familias en Acción- Medellín Solidaria, pertenecientes a la comuna 13- San Javier de la ciudad de Medellín. El cual, tuvo por objetivo realizar un acercamiento a los significados construidos por éstas frente a su rol y como lo anterior contribuye a la superación de la pobreza extrema, posibilitando así, la generación de reflexiones que permitieran consolidar y afianzar cada vez más el acompañamiento que se viene realizando con cada una de ellas. Lo anterior, permitió identificar como el liderazgo construido por las mujeres está relacionado con su capacidad para creer, dirigirse, auto-liderarse y ser agentes de su propio desarrollo. Simultáneamente, estos aspectos, les permiten ir confluyendo procesos organizativos y comunitarios en su territorios, buscando transmitir y transformar desde las necesidades evidenciadas en sus propios hogares, pero también desde el interés por construir maneras de encuentro alrededor de espacios que son comunes y de descubrir potencialidades en dicho camino.
Producción y comercialización de rosquillas Delicias del Norte en la ciudad de Somoto Madriz. Del I semestre del año 2013 al II semestre del año 2014
Authors: Martínez Daniela Lisbeth , Cruz Bustamante Indira Yomaris , López Altamirano Dana Iveth , Castillo Herrera Beverly
Published: May 2016

En el presente estudio se analizó el proceso de producción y comercialización de la empresa de rosquillas Delicias del Norte del municipio de Somoto en el periodo 2013- 2014. Esta investigación es de tipo cualitativa por que se describe y analiza a profundidad el proceso de producción y comercialización de las rosquillas somoteñas Delicias del norte, para ello se hace una descripción detallada y se analiza exclusivamente el problema para proponer una estrategia que mejore el proceso de comercialización de la empresa. El universo de estudio está conformado por la empresa Delicias del Norte que cuenta con un total de 20 trabajadores incluyendo el área administrativa. Dentro de las mejoras que se deben hacer en Delicias del Norte está el aprovechamiento de la capacidad productiva tomando en cuenta que posee todos los requisitos necesarios para aumentar su producción, en el proceso de comercialización se .propone mejorar el proceso de comercialización mediante una mayor inversión en el material publicitario.
Elaboración de un manual de gestión de la calidad para la fabricación de puros en “Joya de Nicaragua S.A.”
Authors: Mendoza Córdoba Wilgen Ramón , Portocarrero González Yoani Carolina , Téllez Quintanilla Marvin Iván , Espinoza Vanegas Walter Lenin
Published: May 2016

Este artículo consiste en los controles de calidad que se realizan en las fábricas tabacaleras ubicadas en la Ciudad de Esteli, al Norte de Nicaragua controlando el entorno en cuanto a la fabricación de puros, mostrando la eficiencia y eficacia de los trabajadores de este rubro que ha sacado a relucir en la economía de los Estilianos. El artículo realizado posee información técnica real y confiable, enfocada en sistemas de gestión en la calidad, para la elaboración de Puros en las empresas tabacaleras, con el propósito de brindar un documento básico, útil y sencillo. Es menester señalar los diferentes puntos de control que pueden presentarse en los procesos de producción, que son realizados en las plantas manufactureras de puros. Ofreciendo pautas para el mejoramiento continuo, de los estándares de calidad que sean necesarios para satisfacer al cliente.
Prologo al libro El Modelo de Gestión de la Investigación. Modelo I+D+i de la UNAN-Managua
Authors: Castillo Herrera Beverly
Published: May 2016

El libro titulado El Modelo de Gestión de la Investigación. Modelo I+D+i de la UNANManagua, fue presentado el miércoles 10 de junio del 2015 en la Biblioteca de la Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria de Estelí (FAREM-Estelí) y la presentación estuvo a cargo de la MSc. Beverly Castillo Herrera, Docente y Coordinadora de Investigación e Innovación de laFacultad.
Administrative workplaces in healthcare: Designing an efficient and patient-focused environment
Authors: Fröst Peter
Published: May 2016

The article presents an “Evidence-Based Concept Program” for the administrative workplaces in healthcare. Several studies show that Swedish doctors and nurses use about half their working time on administrative work. Despite this, very little attention has been given to the design of administrative workplaces in healthcare. Although healthcare focuses on detailed functional planning of their clinical areas, administrative workplaces are typically designed very traditionally, supporting hierarchical and downpipe organisations. Consequently, they are not always supportive of today’s healthcare needs, which focus on teamwork around the involved and informed patient. This makes provision of healthcare less efficient and patient friendly. However, new technologies and new ways of working means that the conditions for administrative/office work have changed drastically in recent decades. It is therefore time to seek inspiration from other sectors of society so as to rethink healthcare design. Conclusive report findings indicate that a changed approach needs to be introduced to the design of administrative workspaces. Mapping exercises of existing conditions show low utilisation of non-care-related administrative workplaces. These workplaces can be made more efficient by organising the plan according to activity-based usage and thereby reducing the area needed. Included survey also indicate that the degree of utilisation of administrative workplaces close to patients is relatively high. The report concludes that patient-related administrative workplaces need to be developed further through adding new room types and number of functions. Unused space can be redistributed to care located closer to patients, as the need is greater and this will help promote work efficiency. However, the design of new and more activity-based administrative workplaces in healthcare relies heavily on the introduction of new portable and seamless information and communication technology (ICT)-systems.
Perception and Misperception of Health Enhancing Physical Activity among Urban Community Dwellers in Ibadan, Nigeria: Profiling the Underestimators, the Overestimators, and the Realists
Authors: Adeniyi Ade F. , Ogwumike Omoyemi O. , Adewumi Faola D.
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND: The ability to initiate and sustain health enhancing behaviour including physical activity requires appropriate self-perception of such activities. This study was conducted to investigate whether a group of Nigerian urban community dwellers are able to demonstrate a good perception of their physical activity behaviour.

METHODOLOGY: The study was a cross-sectional survey of 1,153 urban community dwellers from three local government areas of Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Physical activity perception was assessed first; by self-rating of their physical activity based on a moderate-level physical activity vignette, followed by comparison with a more objective measure using the Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (SQUASH). Participants were thereafter classified as underestimators, overestimators, realistic actives or realistic inactives. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on physical activity perception of participants tested with multiple logistic regression analyses at p<0.05.

RESULTS: A total of 604 (52.4%) of the community dwellers were physically inactive, but only 269 (23.3%) correctly rated themselves as inactive, 335 (29.1%) participants overestimated their physical activity level and 2.7% underestimated theirs. The odds of overestimation of physical activity was higher in middle-aged participants (OR=2.16; 95% CI=1.75-3.11) but lower among female participants (OR=0.58; 95% CI=0.30-0.79). Being a realistic inactive was associated with increasing age, female gender and higher income.

CONCLUSIONS: About half of the community dwellers were physically inactive with about half of them having a misperception of their activity levels. Misperceptions and realities about physical activity were generally linked to sociodemographic characteristics. A specially designed educational intervention programme may provide more insight to the community dwellers about their physical activities.
Genetic diversity of Dactylorhiza incarnata (Orchidaceae) in northern Poland
Authors: Naczk Aleksandra M. , Chybicki Igor J. , Ziętara Marek S.
Published: May 2016

The genetic structure of Dactylorhiza incarnata var. incarnata populations is shaped not only by historical events such as recolonization after ice sheet retreat or limited seed and pollen dispersal, but also the bottleneck effect. During the last decade, D. incarnata var. incarnata has also experienced a strong decline in population numbers and sizes, due to habitat loss and fragmentation. In the present research genetic diversity was examined in eight populations located in northern Poland, using six nuclear microsatellites loci. At the species level our results showed a moderate mean level of genetic diversity (A = 4.67; Ae = 2.73; Rs = 4.48; Ho = 0.438; FIS = 0.224), which varied among the studied populations (A: 2.17–3.67; Ae: 1.55–2.69; Rs: 1.31–1.61; Ho: 0.292–0.631; FIS: −0.283–0.340). A considerable overabundance of homozygotes was detected in four populations (FIS within the range of 0.067–0.340), and in the remaining populations an excess of heterozygotes was observed. The average apparent out-crossing rate was also calculated (ta = 0.980), and primarily indicated a tendency to out-cross within the species. Moderate genetic differentiation was found among the studied populations (FST = 0.149; RST = 0.174; p < 0.05). The differentiation of the populations corresponded to relatively low gene flow value (Nm = 0.426) among populations, which amounted to only one migrant every second generation.
Surveying Current Research on Young Children's Mathematical Learning
Authors: Miller Amanda L. , Barrett Jeffrey E.
Published: May 2016

In Reconceptualizing Early Mathematics Learning, editors Lyn English and Joanne Mulligan present a widely varying collection of research and initiatives within the field of early mathematics education research, providing a thoughtful argument for further investment and work in this developing field of study. Among the diverse contributions to this volume, the editors have included (a) a narration of how the historical development of research in sociology, philosophy of education, mathematics, and the sciences contributes to the present perspectives and theoretical orientation of early childhood researchers, (b) a report of the use of iPad technology that provides interactive instruction for young children learning about number, and (c) a survey of several professional development programs that emphasize young learners' awareness of structure in mathematical settings. The collection of research reported here provides a lively engagement with some important topics in early mathematics education research. One challenge for an edited collection of reports from a given field is organizing it along themes in a sequence that helps the reader understand the trends and issues. Rather than reading the book from cover to cover, we suggest reading groups of chapters identified by theme.
Forensic civism: articulating science, DNA and kinship in contemporary Mexico and Colombia
Authors: Schwartz-Marin Ernesto , Cruz-Santiago Arely
Published: May 2016

The article will present the findings of ethnographic research into the Colombian and
Mexican forensic systems, introducing the first citizen-led exhumation project made
possible through the cooperation of scholars, forensic specialists and interested citizens
in Mexico. The coupling evolution and mutual re-constitution of forensic science will be
explored, including new forms of citizenship and nation building projects – all approached
as lived experience – in two of Latin America‘s most complex contexts: organised crime and
mass death.
Its like every other job: a consideration of forensic specialists professional identities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Szkil Andrea M.
Published: May 2016

The subject of forensic specialist‘s work with human remains in the aftermath of conflict
has remained largely unexplored within the existing literature. Drawing upon
anthropological fieldwork conducted from 2009–10 in three mortuary facilities overseen by
the International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH),
this article analyses observations of and interviews with ICMP forensic specialists as a
means of gaining insight into their experiences with the remains of people who went
missing during the 1992–95 war in BiH. The article specifically focuses on how forensic
specialists construct and maintain their professional identities within an emotionally
charged situation. Through analysing forensic specialists encounters with human remains,
it is argued that maintaining a professional identity requires ICMP forensic specialists
to navigate between emotional attachment and engagement according to each situation.
Agradecimento aos revisores
Authors: Health Sciences ABCS
Published: May 2016

Não se aplica
Satisfação corporal, idade gestacional e estado nutricional em gestantes
Authors: Meireles Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras , Neves Clara Mockdece , Carvalho Pedro Henrique Berbert de , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: May 2016

Introdução: A avaliação da imagem corporal durante a gestação é importante para que as gestantes tenham assistência especializada enquanto lidam com as transformações dessa fase. Objetivo: Avaliar a satisfação corporal de gestantes, associar esta à idade gestacional e ao índice de massa corporal (IMC) e comparar grupos por idade gestacional e por estado nutricional quanto à satisfação. Métodos: Participaram 55 gestantes que realizavam pré-natal em um consultório médico particular da cidade de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Para a avaliação da satisfação corporal foi aplicada a Escala de Medida em Imagem Corporal (EMIC). Foram coletados dados antropométricos (massa corporal e estatura) e obstétricos. As gestantes foram comparadas por estado nutricional e por período gestacional quanto à satisfação corporal. Ademais, buscouse verificar a relação entre a satisfação corporal e o IMC. Resultados: O escore médio e o desvio-padrão da satisfação corporal das gestantes foram de 85,7±17,98 pontos. A maioria da amostra estava no segundo trimestre gestacional e com IMC considerado adequado (45 e 38%, respectivamente). Foram encontradas associações significativas entre a massa corporal e o IMC com a satisfação corporal. Gestantes de baixo peso apresentaram satisfação corporal superiores (p<0,05) em relação às gestantes com sobrepeso e obesidade. Não foram encontradas diferenças para as pontuações da EMIC entre os grupos por estado nutricional e por idade gestacional (primeiro segundo ou terceiro trimestre). Conclusão: Gestantes com menor IMC apresentam maior satisfação corporal, independente da idade gestacional; e ainda, a massa corporal e o IMC são variáveis relacionadas à insatisfação com o corpo.
Pé diabético e amputações em pessoas internadas em hospital público: estudo transversal
Authors: Oliveira Júlia De Cássia , Taquary Sara Alves dos Santos , Barbosa Aurélio De Melo , Veronesi Rafaela Júlia Batista
Published: May 2016

Introdução: O pé diabético é uma das mais devastadoras complicações crônicas do diabetes mellitus. Mais de 60% das amputações não traumáticas de membros inferiores ocorre em indivíduos diabéticos. Objetivo: Caracterizar sociodemográfica e clinicamente os pacientes hospitalizados por pé diabético, diferenciando o perfil entre amputados e não amputados. Métodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em hospital público no período de janeiro a junho de 2014. Foram incluídos indivíduos internados por pé diabético. Um formulário de dados foi utilizado e preenchido por meio de entrevista com pacientes e revisão de prontuários. Os dados sociodemográficos e clínicos foram analisados de acordo com a amostra total e os grupos de estudo: pacientes amputados e não amputados. Foi feita análise estatística descritiva e inferencial, sendo utilizado o teste de independência do χ2. Resultados: Quarenta e duas pessoas foram hospitalizadas por pé diabético, 26 sofreram amputação (61,9%). Prevaleceu o sexo masculino entre os amputados e o feminino entre os não amputados. A faixa etária predominante foi a de 50 a 69 anos nos dois grupos. Houve associação estatística significativa entre as classificações de Wagner, PEDIS e a frequência de amputação, sendo que quanto maior o grau das classificações, maior a frequência de amputação. Conclusão: De maneira geral, os dados apresentados por este estudo foram semelhantes aos da literatura. As classificações de Wagner e PEDIS demonstraram-se úteis para identificar a gravidade do pé diabético.
Structural characterization of ribosome recruitment and translocation by type IV IRES
Authors: Murray Jason , Savva Christos G , Shin Byung-Sik , Dever Thomas E , Ramakrishnan V , Fernández Israel S
Published: May 2016

Viral mRNA sequences with a type IV IRES are able to initiate translation without any host initiation factors. Initial recruitment of the small ribosomal subunit as well as two translocation steps before the first peptidyl transfer are essential for the initiation of translation by these mRNAs. Using electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) we have structurally characterized at high resolution how the Cricket Paralysis Virus Internal Ribosomal Entry Site (CrPV-IRES) binds the small ribosomal subunit (40S) and the translocation intermediate stabilized by elongation factor 2 (eEF2). The CrPV-IRES restricts the otherwise flexible 40S head to a conformation compatible with binding the large ribosomal subunit (60S). Once the 60S is recruited, the binary CrPV-IRES/80S complex oscillates between canonical and rotated states (Fernández et al., 2014; Koh et al., 2014), as seen for pre-translocation complexes with tRNAs. Elongation factor eEF2 with a GTP analog stabilizes the ribosome-IRES complex in a rotated state with an extra ~3 degrees of rotation. Key residues in domain IV of eEF2 interact with pseudoknot I (PKI) of the CrPV-IRES stabilizing it in a conformation reminiscent of a hybrid tRNA state. The structure explains how diphthamide, a eukaryotic and archaeal specific post-translational modification of a histidine residue of eEF2, is involved in translocation.
Solubility and diffusion of chromium in 4H-SiC
Authors: Danno Katsunori , Saito Makoto , Seki Akinori , Sato Kazuaki , Bessho Takeshi , Kimoto Tsunenobu
Published: May 2016

The solubility and diffusivity of Cr atoms in 4H-SiC epilayers are investigated. The formation energy of 4H-SiC containing Cr has been calculated by first-principles calculation. Si sites have been found to be more stable than C sites or interstitial sites for Cr atoms owing to the lower formation energy. The solubility estimated from the formation energy coincides with the saturated Cr concentration in SiC crystals grown by solution growth. The diffusivity of implanted Cr atoms (located at interstitial sites) was not affected by the charge states of Cr atoms and/or vacancies such as carbon vacancies and silicon vacancies, implying the interstitial diffusion of Cr atoms.
Experimental observation of mid-infrared higher-order soliton fission in a tapered tellurite microstructured optical fiber
Authors: Cheng Tonglei , Xue Xiaojie , Liu Lai , Suzuki Takenobu , Ohishi Yasutake
Published: May 2016

The evolution of mid-infrared (MIR) higher-order soliton fission in a tapered tellurite microstructured optical fiber (TMOF) is experimentally investigated. From ∼30 to 80 mW, the redshift of the first fundamental soliton is obvious. From ∼80 to 120 mW, two fundamental solitons are obtained by the fission of higher-order solitons. The redshift of the first fundamental soliton almost stops because the increased pump power is preferentially distributed to the second fundamental soliton. From ∼120 to 180 mW, an obvious redshift of the first fundamental soliton is observed again, and a third fundamental soliton is obtained at ∼180 mW. The evolution of each soliton is determined by the power distribution, which is, to the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time.
Global impact of tropical cyclones on primary production
Authors: Menkes Christophe E. , Lengaigne Matthieu , Lévy Marina , Ethé Christian , Bopp Laurent , Aumont Olivier , Vincent Emmanuel , Vialard Jérôme , Jullien Swen
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we explore the global responses of surface temperature, chlorophyll, and primary production to tropical cyclones (TCs). Those ocean responses are first characterized from the statistical analysis of satellite data under ~1000 TCs over the 1998–2007 period. Besides the cold wake, the vast majority of TCs induce a weak chlorophyll response, with only ~10% of induced blooms exceeding 0.1 mg m−3. The largest chlorophyll responses mostly occur within coastal regions, in contrast to the strongest cold wakes that generally occur farther offshore. To understand this decoupling, we analyze a coupled dynamical‐biogeochemical oceanic simulation forced by realistic wind vortices applied along observed TC tracks. The simulation displays a realistic spatial structure of TC‐induced blooms and its observed decoupling with TC cold wakes. In regions of strong TC energy input, the strongest cold wakes occur in regions of shallow thermocline (<60 m) and the strongest blooms in regions of shallow nitracline and/or subsurface chlorophyll maximum (<60 m). Shallow thermoclines are found over many open ocean regions, while regions of shallow nitracline and/or subsurface chlorophyll maximum are most prominent in near‐coastal areas, explaining the spatial decoupling between the cold and bloom wakes. The overall TC contribution to annual primary production is weak and amounts to ~1%, except in a few limited areas (east Eurasian coast, South tropical Indian Ocean, Northern Australian coast, and Eastern Pacific Ocean in the TC‐prone region) where it can locally reach up to 20–30%. Nearly 80% of this TC‐induced annual primary production is the result of the biogeochemical response to the 30% strongest TCs.
Water temperature controls in low arctic rivers
Authors: King Tyler V. , Neilson Bethany T. , Overbeck Levi D. , Kane Douglas L.
Published: May 2016

Understanding the dynamics of heat transfer mechanisms is critical for forecasting the effects of climate change on arctic river temperatures. Climate influences on arctic river temperatures can be particularly important due to corresponding effects on nutrient dynamics and ecological responses. It was hypothesized that the same heat and mass fluxes affect arctic and temperate rivers, but that relative importance and variability over time and space differ. Through data collection and application of a river temperature model that accounts for the primary heat fluxes relevant in temperate climates, heat fluxes were estimated for a large arctic basin over wide ranges of hydrologic conditions. Heat flux influences similar to temperate systems included dominant shortwave radiation, shifts from positive to negative sensible heat flux with distance downstream, and greater influences of lateral inflows in the headwater region. Heat fluxes that differed from many temperate systems included consistently negative net longwave radiation and small average latent heat fluxes. Radiative heat fluxes comprised 88% of total absolute heat flux while all other heat fluxes contributed less than 5% on average. Periodic significance was seen for lateral inflows (up to 26%) and latent heat flux (up to 18%) in the lower and higher stream order portions of the watershed, respectively. Evenly distributed lateral inflows from large scale flow differencing and temperatures from representative tributaries provided a data efficient method for estimating the associated heat loads. Poor model performance under low flows demonstrated need for further testing and data collection to support the inclusion of additional heat fluxes.
MAVEN observations of partially developed Kelvin‐Helmholtz vortices at Mars
Authors: Ruhunusiri Suranga , Halekas J. S. , McFadden J. P. , Connerney J. E. P. , Espley J. R. , Harada Y. , Livi R. , Seki K. , Mazelle C. , Brain D. , Hara T. , DiBraccio G. A. , Larson D. E. , Mitchell D. L. , Jakosky B. M. , Hasegawa H.
Published: May 2016

We present preliminary results and interpretations for Mars Atmospheric and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations of magnetosheath‐ionospheric boundary oscillations at Mars. Using centrifugal force arguments, we first predict that a signature of fully rolled up Kelvin‐Helmholtz vortices at Mars is sheath ions that have a bulk motion toward the Sun. The sheath ions adjacent to a vortex should also accelerate to speeds higher than the mean sheath velocity. We also predict that while the ionospheric ions that are in the vortex accelerate antisunward, they never attain speeds exceeding that of the sheath ions, in stark contrast to KH vortices that arise at the Earth's magnetopause. We observe accelerated sheath and ionospheric ions, but we do not observe sheath ions that have a bulk motion toward the Sun. Thus, we interpret these observations as KH vortices that have not fully rolled up.
Tectonothermal history of an exhumed thrust‐sheet‐top basin: An example from the south Pyrenean thrust belt
Authors: Labaume Pierre , Meresse Florian , Jolivet Marc , Teixell Antonio , Lahfid Abdeltif
Published: May 2016

This paper presents a new balanced structural cross section of the Jaca thrust‐sheet‐top basin of the southern Pyrenees combined with paleothermometry and apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology data. The cross section, based on field data and interpretation of industrial seismic reflection profiles, allows refinement of previous interpretations of the south directed thrust system, involving the identification of new thrust faults, and of the kinematic relationships between basement and cover thrusts from the middle Eocene to the early Miocene. AFT analysis shows a southward decrease in the level of fission track resetting, from totally reset Paleozoic rocks and lower Eocene turbidites (indicative of heating to Tmax > ~120°C), to partially reset middle Eocene turbidites and no/very weak resetting in the upper Eocene‐lower Oligocene molasse (Tmax < ~60°C). AFT results indicate a late Oligocene‐early Miocene cooling event throughout the Axial Zone and Jaca Basin. Paleomaximum temperatures determined by vitrinite reflectance measurements and Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material reach up to ~240°C at the base of the turbidite succession. Inverse modeling of AFT and vitrinite reflectance data with the QTQt software for key samples show compatibility between vitrinite‐derived Tmax and the AFT reset level for most of the samples. However, they also suggest that the highest temperatures determined in the lowermost turbidites correspond to a thermal anomaly rather than burial heating, possibly due to fluid circulation during thrust activity. From these results, we propose a new sequential restoration of the south Pyrenean thrust system propagation and related basin evolution.
An Organic Spin Valve Embedding a Self‐Assembled Monolayer of Organic Radicals
Authors: Poggini Lorenzo , Cucinotta Giuseppe , Pradipto Abdul‐Muizz , Scarrozza Marco , Barone Paolo , Caneschi Andrea , Graziosi Patrizio , Calbucci Marco , Cecchini Raimondo , Dediu Valentin Alek , Picozzi Silvia , Mannini Matteo , Sessoli Roberta
Published: May 2016

A novel functionalization of a ferromagnetic electrode employed in spintronic devices is reported. Self‐assembling monolayer technique has been used to chemisorb a paramagnetic phosphonate functionalized nitronyl‐nitroxide radical (NitPO) on the ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) manganite surface. This interfacial layer causes clearly detectable modifications of the behavior in prototypical LSMO/NitPO/Gaq3/AlOx/Co vertical spintronic devices at temperatures below the ferromagnetic alignment (estimated by density functional theory) of the magnetic moments of NitPO and LSMO. This behavior can be justified by a significant spin filtering effect at the engineered interface, with a carrier selection (spin‐up) opposite to that of the LSMO/Gaq3 interface (spin‐down). It is proposed that the engineering of spin injecting interfaces with molecules having magnetic moment enables additional mechanisms to control and manipulate the spin polarization of currents in spintronic devices.