bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatic surface inspection for S-PVC using a composite vision-based method
Authors: Bi Qilin , Wang Miaohui , Lai Minling , Lin Jiaxin , Zhang Jialin , Liu Xiaoguang
Published: December 2019

Appearance defect inspection is crucial for quality control in the context of Industry 4.0. This research introduces a joint surface defect inspection and classification framework for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe based on the low-cost visual sensors and high-efficiency computer vision algorithms. First, we build a robust imaging system to acquire the surface of PVC (S-PVC) by considering its characteristics and the illumination condition into the modeling process. Second, we adopt the region of interest method to eliminate the background interference captured in the S-PVC imaging and design an efficient S-PVC defect inspection and classification method. Third, we build an automatic machine prototype to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework has the advantages of low latency, high precision, and robustness.
Self-aligned micro-optic integrated photonic platform
Authors: Jovic Aleksandar , Losilla Nuria Sanchez , Durá Juan Sancho , Zinoviev Kirill , Rubio Guivernau Jose Luis , Margallo-Balbás Eduardo , Mastrangeli Massimo , Pandraud Grégory , Sarro Pasqualina M.
Published: December 2019

In this work, we present the fabrication technology of a monolithically integrated photonic platform combining key components for optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, thereby including a photonic interferometer, a collimating lens, and a 45° reflecting mirror that directs the light from the interferometer to the collimator. The proposed integration process simplifies the fabrication of an interferometric system and inherently overcomes the complexity of costly alignment procedures while complying with the necessarily stringent optical constraints. Fabricated waveguide characterization shows total optical losses as low as 3 dB, and less than 1 dB of additional loss due to the Si 45° mirror facet. The alignment standard deviation of all components is within 15 nm. The integrated lens profile achieves a divergence angle smaller than 0.7°, which is close to that of a collimator. The proposed photonic platform provides the premise for low-cost and small-footprint single-chip OCT systems.
Digital halftoning method with simultaneously optimized perceptual image quality and drive current for multi-tonal electrophoretic displays
Authors: Qin Zong , Wang Hsin-I , Chen Zi-Yu , Chen Chun-Ho , Tien Pei-Lin , Liu Mei-Hwa , Liu Shu-Cheng , Hung Chi-Mao , Tsai Chuan-Chuan , Huang Yi-Pai
Published: December 2019

While using digital halftoning to achieve multi-tones in a 1 bit electrophoretic display (EPD), e.g., a three-pigment chromatic EPD, the drive current is significantly increased because of frequently reversed pixel values. Aimed at this issue, this study first establishes a model that can accurately predict the drive current from image content. Next, based on the direct binary search method, a new halftoning method is proposed by constructing a combined merit function that incorporates both the perceptual image quality and the drive current. As a result, in experiments using a 13.5 in. three-pigment EPD and several test images, compared with the well-developed error-diffusion method, the proposed method produces little image quality degradation, whereas the drive current increase with respect to the minimum current of the EPD is reduced from 71.8 to 33.0 mA, for a significant reduction of 54.0%.
Signal magnitude nonlinearity to an absorption coefficient in photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Kang DongYel
Published: December 2019

We investigate photoacoustic (PA) signal magnitude variation to an absorption coefficient of localized absorbing objects measured by spherically focused ultrasound transducers (US TDs). For this investigation, we develop the PA simulation method that directly calculates Green function solutions of the Helmholtz PA wave equation, considering grid-like elements on absorbing objects and US TDs. The simulation results show that the PA signal amplitude in the PA imaging is nonlinearly varied to the absorption coefficient of localized objects, which are distinct from the known PA saturation effect. For spherical objects especially, the PA amplitude shows a maximum value at a certain absorption coefficient, and decreases even though the absorption coefficient further increases from that point. We suggest conceptual and mathematical interpretations for this phenomenon by analyzing the characteristics of PA spectra combined with US TD transfer functions, which indicates that the combined effect of US TD spatial and temporal filtering plays a significant role in the PA signal magnitude nonlinearity.
Superscattering from cylindrical hyperbolic metamaterials in the visible region
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Kajikawa Kotaro
Published: December 2019

We report that cylindrical hyperbolic metamaterials (CHMMs) exhibit superscattering (SSc) in the visible region, based on analytical and numerical calculations. It has normalized scattering cross-section (NSCS) twice as large as that from cylinders consisting of homogeneous materials. This large NSCS is due to constructive interference of multipolar resonances. Finite-difference time-domain calculations revealed that the spatial field-distribution at the SSc condition is similar to that of a whispering gallery mode (WGM), suggesting that the WGM-like field distribution is responsible for the large scattering. It is also reported that the SSc can be achieved in CHMM of epsilon near zero materials.
Raman effect in the spectral broadening of ultrashort laser pulses in saturated versus unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules
Authors: Kwon Ojoon , Safaei Reza , Lassonde Philippe , Fan Guangyu , Baltuška Andrius , Schmidt Bruno E. , Ibrahim Heide , Légaré François
Published: December 2019

A conventional hollow core fiber (HCF) scheme is implemented to investigate spectral broadening of Titanium:Sapphire (Ti-Sa) femtosecond laser pulses in saturated hydrocarbon molecules compared to unsaturated ones. While the saturated molecules exhibit a spectral broadening similar to noble gases, for the unsaturated ones with π bonds, broadening towards blue is restrained. Numerical simulations underpin that it is a combination of group velocity dispersion (GVD) and Raman scattering which limits the spectral broadening for the unsaturated molecules. Compression of low energy ∼40fs pulses to ∼8fs using saturated hydrocarbons is demonstrated, suggesting the feasibility of this media for high repetition rate laser pulse compression.
Propagation of broadband THz pulses: effects of dispersion, diffraction and time-varying nonlinear refraction
Authors: Rasekh Payman , Saliminabi Mohammad , Yildirim Murat , Boyd Robert W. , Ménard Jean-Michel , Dolgaleva Ksenia
Published: December 2019

We theoretically investigate the propagation of broadband single-cycle terahertz (THz) pulses through a medium with a nonlinear optical response. Our model takes into account non-paraxial effects, self-focusing and diffraction, as well as dispersion, in both the linear and nonlinear optical regimes. We investigate the contribution of non-instantaneous Kerr-type nonlinearity to the overall instantaneous and delayed Kerr effect at the THz frequencies. We show how increasing the nonlinear relaxation time and its dispersion modifies the THz pulse after the propagation through a transparent medium. We also discuss the effect of linear dispersion on self-action during the pulse propagation.
Convex silica microlens arrays via femtosecond laser writing
Authors: Hua Jian-Guan , Ren Hang , Jia Ao , Tian Zhen-Nan , Wang Lei , Juodkazis Saulius , Chen Qi-Dai , Sun Hong-Bo
Published: December 2019

We report fabrication of silica convex microlens arrays with controlled shape, size, and curvature by femtosecond laser direct writing. A backside etching in dye solution was utilized for laser machining high-fidelity control of material removal and real-time surface cleaning from ablation debris. Thermal annealing was applied to reduce surface roughness to 3 nm (rms). The good optical performance of the arrays was confirmed by focusing and imaging tests. Complex 3D micro-optical elements over a footprint of

100
×
100

µ

m

2

were ablated within 1 h (required for practical applications). A material removal speed of

120

µ

m

3

/

s

(

6
×

10
5

n
m

3

/

p
u
l
s
e

) was used, which is more than an order of magnitude higher compared to backside etching using a mask projection method. The method is applicable for fabrication of micro-optical components on transparent hard materials.
GaN microdisk with direct coupled waveguide for unidirectional whispering-gallery mode emission
Authors: To Chap Hang , Fu Wai Yuen , Li Kwai Hei , Cheung Yuk Fai , Choi Hoi Wai
Published: December 2019

Microdisks are excellent whispering-gallery mode (WGM) optical resonators, but their emissions are invariably in-plane isotropic due to their circularities and thus difficult to be extracted efficiently. In this work, a waveguide with a width of 0.16 µm directly coupled to a microdisk with a diameter of 10 µm is fabricated on a 0.77 µm thick GaN thin film containing InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells. This eliminates the need for precision patterning required by evanescent coupling schemes in which coupling gaps of the order of tens of nanometers must be maintained. The fabrication was carried out using nanosphere and nanowire lithography. Non-evanescent coupling of WGMs to the waveguide from the microdisk is successfully demonstrated.
Q/V enhancement of micropillar resonator in bound states in the continuum regime
Authors: Kolodny Stanislav , Iorsh Ivan
Published: December 2019

We show how the optical quasi-bound states in the continuum, recently predicted and observed in dielectric nanoantennae, can be utilized to substantially enhance quality factor to mode volume ratio in pillar microcavities.
Double speckle pattern interferometric measurements for micro-angular displacement and the center of rotation
Authors: Wu Minyang , Lu Guangchen , Ma Yinhang , Yang Fujun
Published: December 2019

Double speckle pattern interferometry is presented for the measurement of in-plane rotation angle, sign, and center of rotation. The technique employs two conventional in-plane sensitive electronic speckle pattern interferometry systems combined with two-wavelength laser illumination and a phase-shifting method. Angular displacement of micro-rotation including the sign is determined from the wrapped phase difference, and the center of rotation is located by using wrapped phase difference maps related to two-directional displacement. The test setup is described and experimental results indicate that the system can provide angular displacement measurement with accuracy of 1.8 arcsec.
Characterizing the topological charges distribution of the elliptical beams with vortex lattices
Authors: Hsieh Y. H. , Lai Y. H. , Hsieh M. X. , Chen Y. F.
Published: December 2019

A new numerical approach is proposed to analyze the topological charges distribution of elliptical beams with vortex lattices generated from the astigmatic transformations of Hermite–Gaussian beams. The birth and death of the topological charges for elliptical beams are thoroughly verified by continuously changing the astigmatic strength. The theoretical explorations are exploited to make a complete comparison with experimental measurements which are obtained from an off-axis pumped solid-state laser with an external astigmatic mode converter and a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results provides the feasibility to flexibly manipulate the topological charges of vortex lattices in further applications.
Projector distortion correction in 3D shape measurement using a structured-light system by deep neural networks
Authors: Lv Shenzhen , Sun Qiang , Zhang Yuyuan , Jiang Yang , Yang Jianbai , Liu Jianzhuo , Wang Jian
Published: December 2019

In a structured-light system, lens distortion of the camera and projector is the main source of 3D measurement error. In this Letter, a new approach, to the best of our knowledge, of using deep neural networks to address this problem is proposed. The neural network consists of one input layer, five densely connected hidden layers, and one output layer. A ceramic plate with flatness less than 0.005 mm is used to acquire the training, validation, and test data sets for the network. It is shown that the measurement accuracy can be enhanced to 0.0165 mm in the RMS value by this technique, which is an improvement of 93.52%. It is also verified that the constructed neural network is with satisfactory repeatability.
Carbon nanotube Q-switched Yb:KLuW surface channel waveguide lasers
Authors: Bae Ji Eun , Park Tae Gwan , Kifle Esrom , Mateos Xavier , Aguiló Magdalena , Díaz Francesc , Romero Carolina , Rodríguez Vázquez de Aldana Javier , Lee Hansuek , Rotermund Fabian
Published: December 2019

A channel waveguide (WG) buried immediately below the surface of a Yb:KLuW crystal is used as a laser gain medium for passive

Q

-switching by both evanescent- and direct-field interactions with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) near 1040 nm. The SWCNTs used as saturable absorbers (SAs) are deposited on top of the half-ring-type channel WG fabricated via femtosecond direct laser writing. The

Q

-switched WG laser delivers 88.5 ns pulses at a 1.16 MHz repetition rate with a maximum average output power of 680 mW. For the two different interaction schemes with SWCNT-SAs, the pulse characteristics, depending on the output coupling ratio and absorbed pump power, are experimentally investigated and compared to the results of theoretical analyses of the SA

Q

-switched operation.
Revelation and addressing of accommodation shifts in microlens array-based 3D near-eye light field displays
Authors: Qin Zong , Wu Jui-Yi , Chou Ping-Yen , Chen Yu-Ting , Huang Cheng-Ting , Balram Nikhil , Huang Yi-Pai
Published: December 2019

In a 3D near-eye light field display using microlens array-based integral imaging, the accommodation response is presumed to exactly coincide with the reconstructed depth plane (RDP) which, however, has been little examined. By employing a highly accurate image formation model to analyze retinal images, the accommodation response is revealed to significantly shift towards the central depth plane (CDP) because of defocusing. The shift is quantitatively characterized for various CDPs and RDPs with a preliminary verifying experiment to provide content producers an approach to address the accommodation shift to fully mitigate the vergence-accommodation conflict.
Partial-frequency-spectrum reconstruction algorithm of SIM with reduced raw images
Authors: Zhang Yinxin , Fei Jianyang , Liu Guoxuan , Deng Jiajun , Yang Huaidong
Published: December 2019

In structured illumination microscopy (SIM), the imaging speed is expected to be increased to observe living cells. The conventional 2D SIM reconstruction algorithm (RA) requires nine raw images to reconstruct a super-resolution image. Here, we develop a partial-frequency-spectrum (PFS) reconstruction algorithm, based on the subtraction of frequency spectrum, which can reconstruct a super-resolution image by using six raw SIM images (two SIM images for each orientation). Our experiments of actin filament in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial (BPAE) cell imaging indicate that by the PFS algorithm, the frame rate increases. The PFS algorithm can resolve 120 nm in our experiment, which is equivalent to the reconstruction result of conventional 9-frame SIM. The PFS algorithm only requires the phase estimation of the three images. The reconstruction speed is about 5 times faster that of the conventional nine-images SIM method.
Ultrabroadband, few-cycle pulses directly from a Mamyshev fiber oscillator
Authors: Ma Chunyang , Khanolkar Ankita , Zang Yimin , Chong Andy
Published: December 2019

While the performance of mode-locked fiber lasers has been improved significantly, the limited gain bandwidth restricts them from generating ultrashort pulses approaching a few cycles or even shorter. Here we present a novel method to achieve few-cycle pulses (

∼
5
  
cycles

) with an ultrabroad spectrum (

∼
400
  
nm

at

−
20
  
dB

) from a Mamyshev oscillator configuration by inserting a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber and a dispersion delay line into the cavity. A dramatic intracavity spectral broadening can be stabilized by the unique nonlinear processes of a self-similar evolution as a nonlinear attractor in the gain fiber and a “perfect” saturable absorber action of the Mamyshev oscillator. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest pulse width and broadest spectrum directly generated from a fiber laser.
Ressenya de: Christin, Rodolphe (2018). Manual del Anti-turismo. València: Fuera de Ruta
Authors: Caparrós Gironés Pau
Published: December 2019

Ressenya de: Christin, Rodolphe (2018). Manual del Anti-turismo. València: Fuera de Ruta
La participación comunitaria de los jóvenes en contextos urbanos vulnerables: aportaciones desde un diagnóstico colaborativo en el área metropolitana de Barcelona (España)
Authors: Cano Hila Ana Belén , Sabariego Puig Marta , Folgueiras Bertomeu Pilar
Published: December 2019

El presente trabajo es fruto de un diagnóstico colaborativo sobre el ejercicio de la participación comunitaria de adolescentes de l’Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona). Se enmarca en una Investigación-Acción Participativa que ha desvelado la baja participación de los jóvenes en la comunidad y la necesidad de promover la participación social en educación, desde una dimensión comunitaria y con el compromiso imprescindible del conjunto de la ciudadanía.
On the Design of Smart Home System
Authors: AL-Rawi Muhanned , AL-Rawi Muaayed
Published: December 2019

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: line; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-GB">Smart Home (SH) technology, comprising smart devices in the home context. SH technology has demonstrated new and good contribution to increase safety and reliability, at the same time; it might have its own influence to change our living habit. Use of mobile phones is changing with the development of technology; it can be used for different purposes. With the help of a network, mobile phone can be used to implement the smart home by controlling the devices. The objectives of this paper are to implement a smart home by controlling electronic devices at home remotely and to get an alert on intrusion or movement around the restricted premises. The mobile phone is using the short message service (SMS) service available and the alerts are also received as an SMS mentioning the activity occurring around the premises.
The Cause of Mechanical Vibration of Palasher Synchronous Motors and its Removal
Authors: Pavelka Jiří , Šimek Josef , Kobrle Pavel , Kokeš Petr
Published: December 2019

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: line; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-GB">The paper describes the procedure and the result of the analysis of mechanical vibrations of mining machines at the Palasher mine in the Russian Federation. The cause of these vibrations was the change in the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the air gap. The simulations showed the possibility of eliminating these changes in magnetic flux by injecting suitable voltages into the stator windings. The implementation of this injection is further described by torque variable component feed-direct compensation. Finally, oscillography records are presented before and after injection.
The influence of shift work on metabolic health
Authors: Tsvetkova Evdokiia S. , Romantsova Tatiana I. , Runova Guzel E. , Beliaev Nikita S. , Goldshmid Anna E.
Published: December 2019

Recently, the world literature has been actively discussing the effect of circadian rhythm and sleep disturbances on human metabolic health. One of the most socially significant causes of circadian disorders is the shift work schedule. Shift work schedules began to occur more often due to the high demand for flexibility and labor productivity in modern society. Shift work is characteristic of medical personnel, law enforcement officials, rescue services, transport, the media and others. Shift workers make up about 17% of all workers in Europe. Globally, approximately 2.5 billion people work in shifts. Shift work was identified as an important professional risk. The connection between work with rotation of day and night shifts with overweight and obesity, with circadian rhythms and sleep disorders was proved. The review systematizes information regarding the role of the shift chart in the development of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, and considers mechanisms that mediate its effect on the regulation of energy balance.
Primary hyperparathyroidism with PTH values within the reference range: clinical case of a patient with recurrent nephrolithiasis
Authors: Golounina Olga O. , Runova Gyuzel E. , Fadeyev Valentin V. , Pogorelova Anna S. , Boldyreva Gilyana V.
Published: December 2019

Hyperparathyroidism is an endocrine disease characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can be diagnosed biochemically with the combination of hypercalcemia and upper-normal or elevated levels of PTH. There are few descriptions of PHPT with normal intact PTH secretion in the literature. The incidence of PHPT among patients with recurrent urolithiasis is 28%. We present a clinical case of diagnosing PHPT in a 64-year-old female patient with rare variant of the disease. Before establishing the diagnosis, the main patient complaints were long-term recurrent nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Surgical treatment made it possible to achieve rapid normalization of biochemical parameters of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, increase bone mineral density in the lumbar spine, improve the general condition of the patient. This clinical case demonstrates errors and late diagnosis of PHPT associated with poor knowledge of the manifestations of hyperparathyroidism and its masks. The authors recommend to determine the concentrations of total calcium, albumin, serum levels of PTH in patients with clinical picture of PHPT, in order to exclude the disease.
Influence of novel GPR119 agonist in combination with metformin and sitagliptin on glycemia, body weight and food intake in rats fed a high-fat diet
Authors: Tyurenkov Ivan N. , Kurkin Denis V. , Bakulin Dmitry A. , Volotova Elena V. , Logvinova Ekaterina O. , Avdienko Kseniia A. , Shafeev Mihail A.
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome and obesity are often precursors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and current recommendations indicate the advisability of early initiation of drug therapy at the stage of prediabetes. Drugs with incretin activity are one of the priority groups for monotherapy of type 2 diabetes in the onset of the disease, and certain drugs are used to treat obesity. GPR119 agonists increase the secretion of endogenous incretins, and their effectiveness in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity in mono- and combination therapy is currently being actively studied.
AIM. To evaluate of the effect of administration of a GPR119 receptor agonist, its combination with metformin or sitagliptin on body weight, food intake and glycemia in rats under a high-calorie diet.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 56 outbred female rats aged 78 months and an initial weight of 305320 g. Compound ZB-16 is a highly active GPR119 receptor agonist (EC50 = 7 nM). For 12 weeks, the animals were kept on a high-fat and carbohydrate diet and at the same time received the compound ZB-16, metformin and sitagliptin, or its combination (ZB-16 + metformin and ZB-16 + sitagliptin). During the experiment, the weight of the animals, the mass of feed eaten, as well as the level of glycemia after 6 hours of fasting and with an oral glucose load were assessed.
RESULTS: In animals of the control group that were on a high-calorie and fatty diet for 12 weeks, an increase in body weight, glycemia and a decrease in the rate of glucose utilization were observed. The introduction of the GPR119 agonist (ZB-16) for 12 weeks led to a significant reduction in the amount of food consumed, limited weight gain and prevented the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The addition of sitagliptin and especially metformin to therapy with the GPR119 agonist significantly increased the effectiveness of therapy compared to the control group, which was expressed in the normalization of animal body weight and glycemia (p 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of a combination of the GPR119 agonist (compound ZB-16) with metformin and sitagliptin is more effective than monotherapy in terms of weight gain, food intake, and also prevents the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in animals when kept on a high-fat and carbohydrate diet.
O processo histórico de formação do sistema-mundo capitalista e a sua dinâmica: uma interpretação a partir de Braudel, Marx, Arrighi e Wallerstein
Authors: Grazziotin Henrique de Abreu
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo construir, de forma sintética, uma interpretação acerca da formação do sistema-mundo capitalista com base nos principais conceitos teóricos de Fernand Braudel, Karl Marx, Giovanni Arrighi e Immanuel Wallerstein para uma compreensão geral desse complexo fenômeno. Braudel explica a formação do capitalismo mercantil na Europa apoiado nos conceitos de vida material, economia de mercado e capitalismo, com a ascensão da sociabilidade mercantil, elemento essencial da circulação capitalista. Marx, a partir do processo de acumulação primitiva, explica como se criam as condições para a produção capitalista em que se confrontam de um lado, o capitalista, detentor dos meios de produção; e de outro, o trabalhador assalariado. Por fim, buscamos em Braudel, Arrighi e Wallerstein uma compreensão da dinâmica global do sistema-mundo no modo de produção capitalista, com sua divisão hierárquica entre centro, periferia e semiperiferia, seus ciclos sistêmicos de acumulação e suas mudanças de centro hegemônico.
Una propuesta para enseñar argumentación desde el modelo de Biggs
Authors: Rodríguez Orbea Diana Carolina , Giraldo Montoya Martha Cecilia
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo es el resultado de una intervención pedagógica en la Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, de Cali, con estudiantes de primer semestre de Ingeniería y de Ciencias Administrativas del curso de Expresión Oral y Escrita, impartido por el Departamento de Lenguaje en el primer semestre de 2018. En este trabajo se reflexiona y describe la incidencia de una secuencia didáctica orientada hacia la enseñanza de la argumentación desde el modelo de Toulmin, Morrás y Pineda (2007) y diseñada desde la propuesta pedagógica de Biggs (2005), autor que constituye el referente teórico principal del Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI) de la universidad. La metodología empleada fue la sistematización de experiencia, propuesta que data de la década de 1970 y las categorías observadas fueron la problematización, la actuación y la autorregulación en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje. La experiencia muestra la importancia de proponer pedagogías activas en el aula que posibiliten el desarrollo de la argumentación como una estrategia de razonamiento y aprendizaje. Se concluye que el diseño de experiencias desde estas concepcionespuede propiciar un aprendizaje profundo a partir de la construcción de prácticas reflexivas tanto de estudiantes comode docentes.
Contrato e identidad de sujetos infieles en Deseando amar, de Wong Kar-Wai
Authors: Monsalve Flórez Jhon Alexander
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo estudia, a partir de métodos y teorías de la semiótica, los contratos que los actores principales del filme Deseando amar, de Wong Kar-Wai, estipulan en pro de la identidad de sus cónyuges (personajes que mantienen entre sí una relación pasional clandestina). A partir del momento catastrófico, el objetivo de los acuerdos tiende a la comprensión del origen de la infidelidad; en otras palabras, los sujetos protagonistas emprenden un programa narrativo con un fin semiósico y, para ello, simulan ser y hacer como los sujetos infieles. El análisis figurativo, narrativo y axiológico, que surge del método de la Escuela Semiótica de París, da cuenta de cómo los objetivos de la relación contractual se logran más por sentir que por ser y hacer como los otros. De esta manera, se concluye, en primera instancia, que la interpretación identitaria del alter conlleva la comprensión identitaria del ego, y, en segundo lugar, que el ocultamiento de la infidelidad se configura como la salida a la sanción social negativa.
Estructura y movidas de la sección “metodología” en tesis de posgrado de educación
Authors: Moreno Mosquera Emilce , Ochoa Sierra Ligia
Published: December 2019

La metodología, en cuanto categoría, es un aspecto determinante para establecer la calidad de una investigación y para evaluar si el proceso de producción de conocimiento se ajusta a un modelo epistemológico y a uno metodológico válidos para una comunidad científica y discursiva determinada. En virtud de ello, en este artículo se presentan los resultados de una indagación sobre la estructura retórica y las características de la sección “Metodología” en 50 tesis de posgrado en educación, a partir del concepto de movida retórica propuesto por Swales (1990, 2004). Se realizó un análisis estadístico-descriptivo (enfoque cuantitativo) y una revisión documental de las tesis, el cual implicó clasificar, ordenar y categorizar las principales movidas identificadas (enfoque cualitativo). Como resultado, se encontró que hay cuatro movidas retóricas frecuentes: 1) tipo de investigación; 2) contexto, población y muestra; 3) procedimiento de recolección de datos, y 4) procedimiento de análisis de la información. Adicionalmente, se encontraron dos movidas optativas: la referida a criterios de rigor y validación científica y la relacionada con consideraciones éticas. Se concluye que conocer las características discursivas y retóricas de dicha sección es relevante para la enseñanza de la escritura a tesistas, pues la reconstrucción de la ruta metodológica garantiza en gran medida la confiablilidad y la validez del proceso de construcción de conocimiento científico.
Enseñanza de la lengua: una mirada ampliada y transversal
Authors: Bombini Gustavo Horacio
Published: December 2019

En 1997 la Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos (OEI) llevó adelante un estudio denominado proyecto Interlingua, cuyo propósito era hacer un relevamiento de planes de estudio y programas de lengua y literatura en la escuela secundaria en Iberoamérica. Participaron en esta iniciativa especialistas de varios países del Cono Sur y de España, quienes observaron el lugar de la lengua y la literatura como disciplinas de enseñanza. Como el propio documento señala, los países del área iberoamericana se hallaban a mediados de la década de 1990 en pleno proceso de reforma curricular y esta situación enriqueció el contenido de documento producido.
Einmal Transformation für alle, bitte! Kommunen, Stadtforschung, Forschungsförderung und die Umsetzung der SDGs
Authors: Krellenberg Kerstin , Koch Florian , Schubert Susanne , Libbe Jens
Published: December 2019

Die lokale Umsetzung der Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ist für Kommunen eine große Herausforderung. Doch wie können Stadtpolitik und -verwaltung unterstützt werden, damit urbane Nachhaltigkeitstransformationen gelingen? Ein Dialogprozess zwischen Wissenschaft
und Praxis, organisiert vom Deutschen Komitee für Nachhaltigkeitsforschung in Future Earth, hat gezeigt, dass kommunale Politik und Verwaltung und die Wissenschaft stärker kooperieren sollten. Damit der Wissenstransfer angeregt und verstetigt werden kann, sollten weitere Förderprogramme
auf den Weg gebracht werden.
Vývoj přírodovědného vzdělávání v České republice od roku 1989
Authors: Janoušková Svatava , Teplý Pavel , Čtrnáctová Hana
Published: December 2019

V posledních 30 letech prochází český vzdělávací systém řadou změn. Po delší době stagnace vzdělávacích přístupů, realizace jednotného školství a centralizace vzdělávání, založené na tzv. učebních osnovách, došlo v 90. letech k výrazné transformaci vzdělávací soustavy. Za jednu z nejvýznamnějších změn této transformace lze považovat vznik nových škol a postupné zvyšování autonomie škol díky  uvolnění učebních osnov. V průběhu posledních 30 let lze také v českém prostředí pozorovat významnou proměnu paradigmatu přírodovědného vzdělávání, která je do značné míry dána otevřeností vzdělávacího systému k novým, globálním trendům ve vzdělávání.

Cílem článku je zmapování vývoje paradigmatu přírodovědného vzdělávání v posledních 30 letech. Předmětem tematické kvalitativní analýzy budou relevantní strategické a koncepční dokumenty MŠMT (např. dlouhodobé záměry vzdělávání a rozvoje vzdělávací soustavy, vládní strategie v oblasti vzdělávání, i dílčí strategie související s přírodovědným vzděláváním) a další dokumenty tvořené organizacemi jakými jsou např. Výzkumný ústav pedagogický v Praze (nyní Národní ústav pro vzdělávání), či Česká školní inspekce. Na základě těchto dokumentů chceme demonstrovat širší kontext přírodovědného vzdělávání. V druhé části článku se na základě analýzy cílového zaměření kurikul v oblasti přírodovědného vzdělávání od roku 1989 chceme zaměřit na proměnu cílů v oblasti přírodovědného vzdělávání, soustředit se chceme také na promítání alternativních metod a postupů výuky do kurikul přírodních věd. Výběr vhodných dokumentů pro analýzu a jejich objektivní interpretace jsou do značné míry zaručeny týmem autorů, kteří se na řadě reformních kroků přímo nebo poradenstvím podíleli a mohou tak analýzu obohatit expertním pohledem na danou problematiku.
A Comparative Analysis of the Biological Parts of the National Curricula in Lower Secondary Education in the Czech Republic and Selected Post-Communist Countries
Authors: Poupová Jana , Janštová Vanda , Kuba Radim , Mourek Jan
Published: December 2019

In the Czech Republic, a revision of the national curricular documents for primary and secondary education is being prepared and intensively discussed. The aim of this paper is therefore to contribute to the ongoing professional discussion and to select the key aspects of foreign curricular documents that may be inspiring for the Czech curricular reform.In our study, we compare the concept of the biological part of the valid national curricular documents for lower secondary education (from the 6th to the 9th grades), the second stage of basic school in the Czech Republic, with five selected post-communist European countries, namely Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia. We focused on the following key aspects: a) the major characteristics of biology as a school subject (or the biological part of the subject “science”); b) specification and arrangement of subject matter; c) biology as a scientific discipline; d) didactic recommendations and requirements; e) the way of treating crucial biological disciplines; f) other criteria, such as emphasis on local regions or public engagement.We consider the Estonian and Slovenian educational programmes to be the most inspiring ones, since they elaborate general educational objectives to the level of particular learning content and standards of knowledge. We also find the links to practical work and ICT and connections between biology and general competences very useful when using the documents in classroom practice. The Slovenian document offers an inspiring holistic approach to teaching of biological issues. The Estonian curriculum is a good example of incorporating local aspects, such as typical local ecosystems. The national curricula of both countries recognise biological knowledge and scientific literacy as being very important for the lives of the individual as well as for society.
A Comparative Study of Biology Curricula in England, Scotland and the Czech Republic
Authors: Holec Jakub
Published: December 2019

In recent years, both in the Czech Republic and abroad, there has been a debate about the renaissance of educational content and its intended form expressed in national curricula. From the curriculum analyses point of view, it is highly interesting to compare similar curricula created in different contexts, on the one hand, and different curricula created in similar contexts on the other hand. On the basis of the context-curriculum analysis, the curricula of England, Scotland and the Czech Republic were selected. The paper seeks to explore biology education in three National Curriculum Frameworks in the field of primary and lower secondary education. The comparative analysis is a tool for a deeper understanding the intended learning objectives as stated in the curricula. It provides an opportunity to compare different types of curricula and analyse biology content organization and the cognitive demands of the respective disciplinary knowledge, at least judging from the curriculum documents. The paper contributes to comparative curriculum research and provides the knowledge needed for the future process of curriculum review in the Czech Republic. I conclude that, while all these curricula emphasize learning outcomes and experiences, there are distinct differences between them in a stronger emphasis on the disciplinary knowledge or developing transversal competencies. It is reflected in both the learning outcomes formulation and the level of their specificity. This paper offers a contribution to the debate about the way in which particular disciplinary content is organized and taught from the perspective of a specific curriculum policy.
Editorial
Authors: Janoušková Svatava
Published: December 2019

Úvodník ke speciálnímu číslu časopisu.
Conceptualising a visual representation model for MOOC-based blended learning designs
Authors: Albó Laia , Hernández-Leo Davinia
Published: December 2019

This article reports on a study about how massive open online course (MOOC)-based blended learning designs can be visually represented to facilitate their comprehension and sharing. We carried out an iterative co-creation process with different stakeholders to conceptualise a visual learning design representation model within the context of blending MOOCs with face-to-face courses. The data analysed was derived from questionnaires and the generated representations. Results indicate that the representation enabled educators to easily visualise the overall structure of the learning designs and the relationships between the different design elements, providing a context for fostering reflection and decision-making during the planning of MOOC-based blended learning designs.
A somatic PIK3CA p.H1047L mutation in a Thai patient with isolated macrodactyly: a case report
Authors: Udomchaiprasertkul Wandee , Kitidumrongsook Pravit , Suphapeetiporn Kanya , Shotelersuk Vorasuk
Published: December 2019

Background

Macrodactyly is a rare congenital deformity characterized by gigantism of all structures of the digits. Previous reports showed that the mosaic PIK3CA variants were associated with overgrowth syndromes including macrodactyly.

Objectives

To determine the genetic alteration in a Thai patient with enlarged soft tissue of the left middle and left fourth fingers with abnormal enlarged phalanges.

Method

A nerve and a skin piece were separated from a therapeutically surgically removed part of the enlarged digit. Skin fibroblasts were cultured from the removed skin piece. DNA was isolated from the nerve tissue, cultured skin fibroblasts, and peripheral blood leukocytes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing of PIK3CA was performed.

Results

Mutation analysis revealed the c.3140A>T (p.(H1047L)) variant of PIK3CA in the nerve tissue and the cultured dermal fibroblasts but not in leukocytes from the peripheral blood.

Conclusion

The somatic c.3140A>T (p.(H1047L)) variant of PIK3CA was found in a Thai patient with isolated macrodactyly, the same as those previously identified in other populations.
Endoscopic finding and treatment outcome of children with Helicobacter pylori infection in lower northern Thailand
Authors: Niyasom Chayakamon , Ngoenmak Thitima , Uthaisangsook Suwannee
Published: December 2019

Background

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the predisposing factors for gastritis, peptic ulcer, and duodenal ulcer. Definite diagnosis of H. pylori infection is important in planning effective medical management. However, confirming the diagnosis through bacterial culture takes a number of days, and thus delays treatment.

Objectives

To examine endoscopic findings in children associated with chronic abdominal pain and H. pylori infection to aid in early diagnosis. We also evaluated treatment outcome of H. pylori infection.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed by reviewing the medical records of children under 15 years of age with chronic abdominal pain who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) between 2011 and 2017. According to 2016 Joint ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN Guidelines, H. pylori infection was defined by positive tests for both histopathology test and rapid urease test (RUT). The EGD finding, RUT, histopathologic finding, and treatment outcome were recorded.

Results

Forty-eight children presented with chronic abdominal pain (male 47.9%, female 52.1%, mean age was 8.44 ± 2.97 years). Twelve children out of 48 had H. pylori infection (12/48, 25%). Eight among the 12 children had antral nodularity (8/12), wherein there was no antral nodularity in children without H. pylori infection (0/36). This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Sensitivity and specificity of antral nodularity finding for H. pylori infection were 66.7% and 100%, respectively. Eradication of H. pylori infection with standard regimen improved the abdominal pain within 4 weeks.

Conclusion

The occurrence of antral nodularity in endoscopic finding was significantly associated with H. pylori infection. In addition, antral nodularity finding showed a good sensitivity and high specificity for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.
Localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of stainless steels in halides other than chlorides solutions: a review
Authors: Kappes Mariano A.
Published: December 2019

Fluorides, bromides, and iodides, despite being less common than chlorides, are present in various environments of industrial relevance. Stainless steels suffer pitting corrosion in solutions of all halides except fluorides, which can be understood considering that fluoride is the anion of a weak acid. The aggressiveness of the rest of the halides for pitting corrosion is on the order Cl− > Br− > I− for stainless steels with Mo content below 3 wt.%. Mo is not as effective in inhibiting Br− pitting corrosion as it is for inhibiting Cl− pitting corrosion. Most of those observations were rationalized based on the effect of anions on pit growth kinetics. Sensitized austenitic stainless steel suffers stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in solutions of all halides, albeit chlorides seem to be the most aggressive. Fluoride SCC is relevant for SCC under insulation of stainless steels, and standards and regulations developed to mitigate this problem consider this ion as aggressive as chloride. For the solubilized stainless steels, aggressiveness toward SCC is in the order Cl− > Br−. The SCC of solubilized stainless steels was not observed in solutions of F− and I−, and the possible reasons for this fact are discussed.
Auf dem Weg zum Babelfisch? Fremdsprachenlernen im Zeitalter von Big Data
Authors: Rösler Dietmar
Published: December 2019

Ausgehend von der Beschreibung aktueller Nutzungen digitaler Lernangebote und Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten in den sozialen Medien beim Fremdsprachenlernen außerhalb von Bildungsinstitutionen, diskutiert der Beitrag sechs Bereiche, in denen die Fremdsprachenforschung auf die Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung reagieren muss: die Integration vorhandener Sprachassistenzsysteme in das Lernen und Lehren von Fremdsprachen, die Chancen und Risiken, die sich durch Big Data für das Fremdsprachenlernen ergeben, die Veränderungen der Rolle von Lehrkräften bis hin zur Frage, inwieweit kooperative Lerneraktivitäten diese ersetzen können, die positiven und negativen Effekte der wachsenden Individualisierung des Lernens, das Potenzial der digitalen Medien für eine Steigerung von Lebensweltbezug und Inhaltsorientierung des Fremdsprachenlernens und zuletzt die Frage, welche Auswirkungen die Digitalisierung auf die gesellschaftliche Organisation des Fremdsprachenlernens hat.
The isomorphism problem for group algebras: A criterion
Authors: Sakurai Taro
Published: December 2019

Let R be a finite unital commutative ring.
We introduce a new class of finite groups, which we call hereditary groups over R.
Our main result states that if G is a hereditary group over R, then a unital algebra isomorphism between group algebras

R
⁢
G

≅

R
⁢
H

{RG\cong RH}

implies a group isomorphism

G
≅
H

{G\cong H}

for every finite group H.
As application, we study the modular isomorphism problem, which is the isomorphism problem for finite p-groups over

R
=

𝔽
p

{R=\mathbb{F}_{p}}

, where

𝔽
p

{\mathbb{F}_{p}}

is the field of p elements.
We prove that a finite p-group G is a hereditary group over

𝔽
p

{\mathbb{F}_{p}}

provided G is abelian, G is of class two and exponent p, or G is of class two and exponent four.
These yield new proofs for the theorems by Deskins and Passi–Sehgal.
New approach to practical leakage-resilient public-key cryptography
Authors: Chakraborty Suvradip , Alawatugoda Janaka , Rangan Chandrasekaran Pandu
Published: December 2019

We present a new approach to construct several leakage-resilient cryptographic primitives, including leakage-resilient public-key encryption (PKE) schemes, authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocols and low-latency key exchange (LLKE) protocols. To this end, we introduce a new primitive called leakage-resilient non-interactive key exchange (LR-NIKE) protocol. We introduce an appropriate security model for LR-NIKE protocols in the bounded memory leakage (BML) settings. We then show a secure construction of the LR-NIKE protocol in the BML setting that achieves an optimal leakage rate, i.e., 1 – o(1). Our construction of LR-NIKE requires a minimal use of a leak-free hardware component. We argue that the use of such a leak-free hardware component seems to be unavoidable in any construction of an LR-NIKE protocol, even in the BML setting. Finally, we show how to construct the aforementioned leakage-resilient primitives from such an LR-NIKE protocol as summarized below. All these primitives also achieve the same (optimal) leakage rate as the underlying LR-NIKE protocol. We show how to construct a leakage-resilient (LR) IND-CCA-2-secure PKE scheme in the BML model generically from a bounded LR-NIKE (BLR-NIKE) protocol. Our construction of LR-IND-CCA-2 secure PKE differs significantly from the state-of-the-art constructions of these primitives, which mainly use hash proof techniques to achieve leakage resilience. Moreover, our transformation preserves the leakage-rate of the underlying BLR-NIKE protocol. We introduce a new leakage model for AKE protocols, in the BML setting, and present a leakage-resilient AKE protocol construction from the LR-NIKE protocol. We introduce the first-ever leakage model for LLKE protocols in the BML setting and the first construction of such a leakage-resilient LLKE from the LR-NIKE protocol.
Crystal structure and anti-inflammatory activity of (3E,5E)-1-((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-3-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)-5-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)piperidin-4-one, C25H18ClF3N2O3S
Authors: Zhou Yan-Qiu , Hou Gui-Ge , Meng Qing-Guo , Hou Yun
Published: December 2019

C25H18ClF3N2O3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.9087(5) Å, b = 21.7843(10) Å, c = 10.2512(6) Å, β = 94.749(5)°, V = 2205.2(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0448, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1028, T = 100 K.