bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contemporary theological approaches in Zimbabwe: Navigating the challenges of the 21st century
Authors: Baloyi Ezekiel
Published: December 2024

The challenges of the 21st century are examined as Zimbabwe’s modern theological views are discussed, and responses are given and analysed in this study. In Zimbabwe, theology is changing quickly to meet the demands of the country’s people in the face of persistent socioeconomic difficulties, political unrest and cultural changes. Contemporary theological debate is structured by the historical background of Zimbabwean theology, which is characterised by colonial influences and the freedom movement. These days, the discussion tackles several urgent issues: gender justice, seen through the prism of feminist theology that seeks to demolish patriarchal structures; political unrest, highlighted by a prophetic theology that challenges corruption and fosters governance; the ongoing economic crisis, arguing for economic justice and ethical leadership; and the significance of interfaith dialogue and cultural integration in a pluralistic society. This study also emphasises how important it is to address the specific issues that young people face, include contemporary digital platforms in religious activities, and involve them in theological conversation. To make theology relevant and transformational, theological views in modern Zimbabwe are distinguished by their receptivity to regional and global shifts. This study makes an overview and analysis of theological responses in Zimbabwe – the case for a theology that is both prophetic and practical one that offers long-term remedies for social change in addition to criticism.Contribution: This study examines contemporary theological approaches in Zimbabwe, highlighting the adaptation of theology to address issues such as gender justice, political integrity and economic crises. It advocates for a responsive and transformative role for the church in promoting societal change.
Graduate perceptions of their interprofessional practice: Lessons for undergraduate training
Authors: Müller Jana , Archer Elize , Couper Ian
Published: December 2024

Background: Interprofessional education (IPE) during undergraduate training (UGT) is considered important for new graduates to collaborate inter-professionally. There are, however, well-documented workplace challenges that hinder their involvement in interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) such as professional hierarchy, poor role clarification and communication challenges.Aim: This article explores graduates’ perceptions of the value rural undergraduate IPE had on their IPCP during their first year of work.Setting: Graduates were based in seven different provinces of South Africa ranging from tertiary-level institutions to community day clinics.Methods: A qualitative case study was conducted with 16 first-year graduate participants from 5 different health professions who participated in undergraduate IPE while placed on a rural platform. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2023.Results: Key factors related to UGT that facilitated IPCP during graduates’ first year of work were interprofessional relationship development, practice-based IPE and the focus on holistic patient-centred care. Graduates were, however, challenged by self-doubt, communication barriers and hierarchy in the workplace. Their recommendations for undergraduate IPE included role modelled and contextually relevant interprofessional skills development, practical advocacy and communication training, longer placements or shared learning spaces.Conclusion: Findings indicate that IPE during undergraduate rural clinical placements promotes interprofessional relationship development that extends into the workplace after graduation. However, IPE must be role modelled in the clinical environment and aligned to the reality of the healthcare system for students to develop the skills required to navigate IPCP as graduates.Contribution: This article offers recommendations for responsive undergraduate IPE to promote IPCP after graduation.
Evaluation of antifungal effect of amphotericin B in comparison with nystatin on Candida species derived from patients undergoing head-and-neck radiotherapy
Authors: Golestannejad Zahra , Saberi Zahra , Jamshidi Mina , Dehghan Parvin , Khozeimeh Faezeh , Faghihian Elham , Najafizadeh Nadia , Maheronnaghsh Mehrnoush , Chermahini Ahmad Amiri
Published: December 2024

Background:

There is ample evidence showing the development of nystatin-resistant strains in patients undergoing malignancy treatment. Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal drug that combines with ergosterol to cause cell death and is more effective on fungal species than routine antifungals such as nystatin. This study aimed to compare the effect of nystatin and amphotericin B on fungal species isolated from patients before and during head-and-neck radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:

This in vitro experimental study was performed on samples isolated from patients undergoing head-and-neck radiotherapy before and during radiotherapy at Sayed al-Shohada Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. The isolates were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Antifungal effects were determined by the microdilution method based on clinical and laboratory standards institute standards and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum lethal concentration (MFC), drug sensitivity, and resistance were measured. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 (level of significance: 0.05).

Results:

Before radiotherapy, all albicans strains were sensitive to nystatin, whereas 71.4% were sensitive to amphotericin B. After radiotherapy, Candida albicans strains were 100% sensitive to nystatin and 75% sensitive to amphotericin B.

Conclusion:

The present study showed that before radiotherapy, all species isolated from patients, including C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata, were sensitive to nystatin, whereas a percentage of albicans species showed resistance to amphotericin B. In the 2nd week of radiotherapy, the same as before radiotherapy, all species isolated from patients were sensitive to nystatin, whereas a percentage of albicans species showed resistance to amphotericin B. In general, the current study showed that before and after radiotherapy, the antifungal effect of nystatin is greater than amphotericin B.
Antifungal effect of atorvastatin in comparison with fluconazole on Candida species isolated from patients undergoing head-and-neck radiotherapy
Authors: Golestannejad Zahra , Dehghan Parvin , Najafizade Nadia , Kheirkhah Mahnaz , Bafrani Maryam Emami , Tabesh Adel , Nadian Farshad , Khozeimeh Faezeh
Published: December 2024

Background:

Head-and-neck radiotherapy can change oral Candida species and lead to the development of refractory oral candidiasis resistant to the commonly prescribed antifungal medications such as fluconazole. Atorvastatin exerts an antifungal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal wall ergosterol and impairing mitochondrial function. This study aimed to compare the antifungal effects of fluconazole and atorvastatin on Candida species isolated from patients undergoing head-and-neck radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:

In this clinical in vitro study, swab samples were collected from 33 patients admitted to Isfahan Seyed-O-Shohada Hospital before the onset and 2 weeks after the initiation of radiotherapy. The antifungal effects of fluconazole and atorvastatin were evaluated by the microdilution test according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards, and measuring their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). Data were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U-test and the statistical significance level was considered P < 0.05.

Results:

The results showed that the MIC24, MIC48, and MFC of fluconazole were significantly lower than those of atorvastatin for Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata both before (P < 0.001 for all) and during (P < 0.001 to P = 0.003) radiotherapy.

Conclusion:

According to the results, fluconazole has antifungal effects comparable to those of atorvastatin, but in much lower doses. Atorvastatin showed optimal antifungal effects but in doses beyond the clinically applicable threshold.
Pediatric Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review with a Focus on the Latest Therapeutic Updates
Authors: Relhan Vineet , Kaur Aneet , Priyadharshini B. V.
Published: December 2024

Psoriasis is a common inflammatory disease with varied presentation ranging from papulosquamous plaques to generalized pustules. Children are also affected by this condition and it has a considerable psychological impact on both patients and their parents. There are some differences in clinical presentation and management in children when compared to adults which should be taken into account. Also, children suffering from psoriasis are at a higher risk of having metabolic syndrome as compared to the normal population, which demands screening for the same. The incidence of pediatric psoriasis is on the rise and it is crucial to make a correct diagnosis to ensure proper management. There are few studies on the management of pediatric psoriasis and the treatment guidelines are largely extrapolated from studies conducted in adults or the use of drugs for different clinical conditions in pediatric patients. In recent past, many new topical and systemic therapies have been approved for the treatment of pediatric psoriasis. In this review article, we discuss the prevalence, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and management of pediatric psoriasis.
Youngest Encounter with Gorlin–Goltz Syndrome: Navigating Early Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Vijayakumar Adarsh , Philip Rashmi Mary , Criton Sebastian
Published: December 2024

Gorlin–Goltz syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by an inactivating mutation of the patched 1 gene. Patients could present as early as infancy with varied presentation and multiple basal cell carcinoma. This case report highlights the youngest reported case to date, a 5-month-old patient, who presented with multiple asymptomatic black papules and dysmorphic features. Dermatoscopy and subsequent investigations including targeted gene sequencing confirmed the diagnosis. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary approach to the management of Gorlin–Goltz syndrome.
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Levocetirizine versus Bilastine for the Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria in the Pediatric Population: An Observer-blinded Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Sahoo Debashree , Panda Maitreyee , Jena Ajaya Kumar , Panda Anil Kumar
Published: December 2024

Background:

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) refers to urticaria that has no specific cause or trigger, present on most days of the week for 6 weeks or more. The incidence of chronic urticaria in the pediatric age group is between 0.1% and 3%. Levocetirizine and bilastine are nonsedative second-generation antihistamines used to treat urticaria in both adults and children.

Objective:

The primary objective was to compare the effectiveness of levocetirizine and bilastine in cases of pediatric CSU using Urticaria Activity Score (UAS) and Urticaria Severity Score (USS). The secondary objective was to evaluate and compare the safety and quality of life (QoL) using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score.

Materials and Methods:

This was a randomized, observer-blinded study where 65 patients (6–16 years) with a history of urticaria >6 weeks were divided into two groups with computer-generated randomization. Thirty-two patients were included in Group A, who received levocetirizine, and 33 patients were included in Group B, who received bilastine. UAS7, USS, and DLQI were recorded at every visit. The primary outcome was measured using UAS and USS and the secondary outcome in the form of patient’s QoL was assessed using the DLQI score. Laboratory parameters were assessed at the first visit and at the end of 3 months.

Results:

There was a significant difference (P = 0.002) in UAS7, USS, and DLQI between the baseline and last visit scores for each group. There was no significant difference (P = 0.28) in the scores between the two groups. Laboratory parameters like liver enzymes and complete blood count also did not show any significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusion:

Both levocetirizine and bilastine are equally effective and safe in the treatment of CSU at the end of 3 months. However, bilastine showed a better fall in the DLQI as compared to levocetirizine.
The potential use of medicinal plant extracts/products in the prevention of SARS-CoV2 infection and associated pathologies in the experimental models
Authors: Rizvi Zaigham Abbas , Awasthi Amit , Dikshit Madhu
Published: December 2024

Medicinal herbal extracts/products have been traditionally used in Asia, especially India and China, for many inflammatory and infectious disease conditions. Herbal extracts were also taken as adjunct therapy during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with many in vitro and in silico studies suggesting their beneficial effects. In the current study, 11 selected herbal extracts/products were evaluated in an in vivo animal model to understand their protective efficacy and immunomodulatory potential. Data from the study suggest that Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., and Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth showed promising antiviral activity as well as immunomodulatory properties. They were able to reduce the lung viral load and pulmonary pathology significantly, while Caesalpinia crista and Ayush-64 had significant anti-inflammatory potential but were unable to reduce the lung viral load significantly. The study provides scientific evidence for the protective efficacy of herbal extracts/products against COVID-19 based on animal protective efficacy data.
Morphometric analysis of internal auditory canal using CT imaging: An observational study in South Indian adult population
Authors: Sheryl Judica , Kannappan Senthil Ganesh P.
Published: December 2024

Background:

The posterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone, located near the anterolateral wall of the posterior cranial fossa, houses the internal auditory canal (IAC). The lateral fundus of this canal is divided into three distinct openings that accommodate the facial, cochlear, and vestibular nerves. The present study attempts to measure the dimensions of the IAC using digital image processing to understand how anatomical variations may aid in surgical planning.

Materials and Methods:

A morphometric analysis of the IAC was conducted at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from November 2021 to May 2022. The study included subjects aged between 25 and 86 years who underwent temporal computed tomography (CT) scans revealing characteristics of the IAC. Imaging was obtained from the supraorbitomeatal plane with the subjects in a designated head support position. The scans were performed using a Philips Secura™ 128-slice Ingenuity CT scanner. The study measured the IAC opening width (OW), longitudinal length (LL), and anteroposterior (AP) diameter in both male and female subjects.

Results:

Of the 70 cases included in the study, 27 were female, and 43 were male. Three distinct shapes of the IAC were identified across both genders: cylindrical, funnel-shaped, and bud-shaped. Among the 70 samples, 30 exhibited a cylindrical shape, 29 were funnel-shaped, and 11 were bud-shaped. The mean width of the IAC (OW) for both male and female subjects was 0.77 ± 0.19. The mean LL was 1.08 ± 0.20 in males and 1.02 ± 0.21 in females. The mean AP diameter was 0.44 ± 0.13 in males and 0.40 ± 0.13 in females.

Conclusion:

A detailed understanding of the anatomy and spatial relationships within the IAC is critical for diagnosing and treating conditions affecting this region. This space’s frequent vestibular schwannomas (auditory neuromas) underscores the canal’s clinical significance.
An investigation of birth preparedness and complication readiness and its implication in reducing childbirth mortality in Nigeria
Authors: Aniekan Peter Theresa , Aturaka Samson Olusegun , Eric Yila , Sanni Olaniyi Felix , Christiana Adeforiti Ebiyemi , Augusta Ozor Nneka , Modupe Abiola Agatha , Olubukola Popoola Temitope , Saidi Modupe Ireti
Published: December 2024

Background:

Maternal mortality poses a significant threat to mothers, their children, and families, prompting pregnant women to seek safe and effective deliveries. Nigeria ranks second globally in maternal mortality rates, highlighting the urgent nature of this issue. To address this, the United Nations supports birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) to lower mortality rates and promote safer childbirth. This study evaluates BPCR practices among antenatal clinic attendees in Nigeria as part of ongoing efforts to reduce maternal and infant mortality.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional survey was employed using a structured questionnaire. A total sample of 320 participants was calculated using a population-based random sampling formula, with 40 pregnant women selected from each of the eight clinics in the Iseyin Local Government Area. Data were analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.0 (Chicago, IL, USA), employing descriptive and inferential statistics at a 0.05 significance level. Results were presented through tables and charts.

Results:

The findings indicated that most respondents (86.8%) demonstrated a strong understanding of BPCR, while 87.8% reported good BPCR practices. A significant relationship (P < 0.05) was also observed between respondents’ knowledge, parity, and BPCR practices.

Conclusion:

The study highlights that sociodemographic factors, gravidity, parity, and BPCR knowledge significantly influence birth preparedness among pregnant women in Iseyin, Nigeria. Younger, first-time mothers and those with greater BPCR knowledge showed better preparedness. While most participants practiced essential BPCR measures, challenges such as unsafe abortions, limited antenatal care, and poverty still contribute to perinatal mortality. Addressing these gaps through targeted education and resource access could further reduce childbirth-related mortality.
A study of the histopathological spectrum of thyroid neoplasms in a tertiary health care center
Authors: Siddiqui Rabia Parveen , Bhaskar Vanita , Swami Kavita , Pandey Varsha , Chandrakar Anubhav , Mangrulkar Kasturi
Published: December 2024

Background:

Thyroid gland lesions are common and can result from systemic conditions such as Graves’ disease or localized abnormalities like nodular enlargement or tumors. Thyroid malignancies are the most prevalent endocrine cancers, accounting for approximately 92% of all endocrine malignancies. This study aims to explore the spectrum of thyroid neoplasms in a tertiary healthcare center.

Aims and Objectives:

The primary objective of this study was to examine the histopathological spectrum of thyroid neoplasms in a tertiary healthcare center. Additionally, the study aims to assess the frequency of various thyroid neoplasms across different age groups and genders and to identify any associated nonneoplastic thyroid lesions that occur alongside thyroid neoplasms.

Materials and Methods:

This observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, over 50 months from January 2020 to March 2024. A total of 71 cases meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed.

Results:

Of the 71 thyroid specimens examined, 12 cases (16.9%) were benign, whereas 59 cases (83.09%) were malignant. The study demonstrated a significant female predominance with a female-to-male ratio of 9.1:1 (64 females and 7 males). Most cases were observed in the 21–30 years age group, with a mean age of 32.3 years. Papillary carcinoma was identified as the most common malignant lesion, accounting for 35 cases (52.1%), whereas follicular adenoma was the most common benign lesion, accounting for 9 cases (12.7%).

Conclusion:

Accurate diagnosis of thyroid malignancies requires a combination of clinical history, radiological imaging, thyroid function tests, and thorough histopathological examination. Early and proper diagnosis facilitates more effective treatment decisions, standardized management protocols, and improved patient outcomes.
Correlation between cystoscopy findings and symptom severity in painful bladder syndrome
Authors: Palnitkar Devdatt Purushottam , Patankar Prakash , Patankar Suresh
Published: December 2024

Background:

Painful bladder syndrome (PBS) is characterized by persistent pelvic discomfort and urinary symptoms. Cystoscopy is frequently utilized to investigate bladder abnormalities in patients with PBS, particularly those presenting with persistent hematuria, refractory symptoms, or suspected bladder pathology.

Objective:

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between cystoscopy findings and symptom severity in patients with PBS.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 22 patients who underwent cystoscopy for PBS. Indications for the procedure included persistent hematuria, unrelenting symptoms, and suspected bladder pathology. Based on visual assessment, the cystoscopic findings were classified into three categories: normal, mild, and severe. Symptom severity was evaluated using a standardized symptom score questionnaire administered before treatment.

Results:

Of the 22 patients, 6 had normal cystoscopy findings, 14 exhibited mild changes, and 2 demonstrated severe changes. Symptom severity scores varied across the group, with no clear correlation between the severity of symptoms and cystoscopic findings. Notably, patients with severe symptoms often had normal or only mild changes on cystoscopy.

Conclusion:

No significant correlation was found between symptom severity and cystoscopy findings in PBS patients. This discrepancy may stem from the subjective nature of symptom scoring, the multifactorial origins of PBS symptoms, and the potential influence of functional disorders. Further research is warranted to identify additional factors influencing symptom severity in PBS.
A review of gut microbiota as a therapeutic approach for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ghosh Debosree , Ghosh Suvendu , Sharma Madhurima , Datta Sutapa
Published: December 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the brain–gut axis, manifesting through both motor dysfunction and nonmotor symptoms. While several factors contribute to PD, the precise cause remains unknown. Research studies suggest that an altered gut microbiota (GM) plays a key role in PD pathophysiology. Gut dysbiosis compromises the integrity of the intestinal epithelium, increasing gastrointestinal permeability. This, in turn, activates the innate immune system, leading to systemic inflammation, whereas the adaptive immune system responds to bacterial proteins through cross-reactivity with human antigens. The altered GM promotes the accumulation of alpha-synuclein fibrils in the intestinal neural plexus, which are then transported to the central nervous system, driving the core pathological process of PD. This review focuses on the connection between gut dysbiosis, PD pathology, and current microbial-based therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, research into innovative approaches to modulate the GM and reinforce gut epithelial integrity is crucial to halting or slowing PD progression.
Navigating the digital dilemma: the impact of Internet addiction on social interaction among nursing students
Authors: Sharma Mudita R. , Gupta Manisha , Shiju Dolly John , Pareek Shatrughan
Published: December 2024

Background:

With 4.57 billion people actively using the Internet worldwide, concerns about Internet addiction disorder (IAD) and its effects on daily life have become increasingly significant. This study investigates the intricate relationship between Internet addiction and face-to-face communication, focusing on how excessive online engagement influences traditional social interactions. It examines the association between Internet addiction and social interaction among nursing students in today’s digitally driven world.

Materials and Methods:

A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected from 128 nursing students using convenience sampling. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was employed to assess the severity of Internet addiction, whereas face-to-face social interactions were evaluated using a customized questionnaire.

Results:

The findings revealed a moderate level of Internet addiction among participants, with a mean IAT score of 45.7. A negative correlation (−0.32) was identified between IAT scores and the quality of face-to-face interactions, indicating that higher Internet addiction levels are associated with reduced interaction quality. Regression analysis further confirmed a significant negative correlation (−0.23) between IAT scores and the quality of social interactions. Although daily hours spent online demonstrated a positive but nonsignificant relationship (0.11) with interaction quality, a negative correlation (−0.17) was observed between the frequency of social media use and the quality of face-to-face interactions.

Conclusion:

This study underscores the significant impact of Internet addiction on face-to-face social interactions among nursing students. It emphasizes the need for targeted strategies to balance the benefits of digital connectivity with the preservation of meaningful interpersonal communication, providing valuable insights for future research and intervention.
Polymeric hydrogel nanoparticles in drug delivery and bioprinting technologies: a review
Authors: Ghosh Prasanta Kumar
Published: December 2024

Multiple kinds of hydrogel polymers, natural and synthetic, are known. Self-assembly and aggregation are their inherent properties. The diverse applications of hydrogel polymers, encompassing natural and synthetic varieties known for their water-swelling capabilities and biocompatibility, have been explored and summarized. Hydrogels are pivotal in medicine, particularly in drug delivery systems, and emerging three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies. Integrating nanoparticles into hydrogels enhances their functionality for targeted drug release and as components of bioinks used in bioprinting aimed at priming and replicating tissue and organ structures. Natural hydrogel polymers are favored for their biocompatibility characteristics in bioinks, while synthetic polymers and nanoparticles contribute to stronger mechanical properties and increased versatility. This study highlights the importance of the nanoparticle-based hydrogel polymer-entrapped drug substances for efficient use in tissue-specific delivery systems. It emphasizes the critical role of bioink development in advancing synthetic organ fabrication via the 3D bioprinting technology.
The Riemannian and symplectic geometry of the space of generalized Kähler structures
Authors: Apostolov Vestislav , Streets Jeffrey , Ustinovskiy Yury
Published: December 2024

On a compact complex manifold

(M, J)

endowed with a holomorphic Poisson tensor 

\pi_{J}

and a de Rham class

\alpha\in H^{2}(M, \mathbb{R})

, we study the space of generalized Kähler (GK) structures defined by a symplectic form

F\in \alpha

and whose holomorphic Poisson tensor is

\pi_{J}

. We define a notion of generalized Kähler class of such structures, and use the moment map framework of Boulanger (2019) and Goto (2020) to extend the Calabi program to GK geometry. We obtain generalizations of the Futaki–Mabuchi extremal vector field (1995) and the Calabi–Lichnerowicz–Matsushima result (1982, 1958, 1957) for the Lie algebra of the group of automorphisms of

(M, J, \pi_{J})

. We define a closed

1

-form on a GK class, which yields a generalization of the Mabuchi energy and thus a variational characterization of GK structures of constant scalar curvature. Next we introduce a formal Riemannian metric on a given GK class, generalizing the fundamental construction of Mabuchi–Semmes–Donaldson (1987, 1992, 1997) We show that this metric has nonpositive sectional curvature, and that the Mabuchi energy is convex along geodesics, leading to a conditional uniqueness result for constant scalar curvature GK structures. We finally examine the toric case, proving the uniqueness of extremal generalized Kähler structures and showing that their existence is obstructed by the uniform relative K-stability of the corresponding Delzant polytope. Using the resolution of the Yau–Tian–Donaldson conjecture in the toric case by Chen–Cheng (2021) and He (2019), we show in some settings that this condition suffices for existence and thus construct new examples.
Automated Gaseous Nitriding Controlled by Nitriding Potential
Authors:   AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Published: December 2024

This document specifies the procedure and requirements for nitriding steel parts in a process automatically controlled by the nitriding potential (see 2.3.6).
Steel, Bars, and Forgings, Aircraft Quality, 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 8740), Heat Treated, 105 ksi (724 MPa) Tensile Strength
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of heat-treated bars and forgings.
Enfermedad meningocócica invasiva en España en 2023
Authors: Soler Soneira Marta , Alcaide-Jimenez Ainhoa , Muñoz-Martinez Lorena , Castellares-González Carol , Cano-Portero Rosa
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Descripción del análisis epidemiológico de la enfermedad meningocócica invasiva (EMI) en España durante 2023 y su comparación respecto a años anteriores.
Método: Análisis epidemiológico descriptivo de los casos de EMI notificados a la Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (RENAVE) en 2023. Las variables analizadas fueron: sexo, grupo de edad, fecha de inicio de síntomas, comunidad o ciudad autónoma que notifica, defunción, manifestación clínica y serogrupo.
Resultados: En 2023 se notificaron 265 casos de EMI (51,7% hombres) con una tasa de incidencia acumulada (IA) de 0,58. Las tasas de incidencia más altas en 2023 se observaron en niños menores de 1 año, seguidos por el grupo de 1 a 4 años. Durante este año se recuperó el patrón estacional típico de esta enfermedad, con un mayor número de casos de EMI en otoño e invierno. La manifestación clínica más frecuente fue la meningitis con el 38,5% de los casos reportados. La letalidad (13,2%) fue ligeramente superior a la observada en los últimos 12 años. Se desconoce el serogrupo del 12,8% de los casos notificados de EMI. De los 231 casos en los que se notificó esta información, el 60% correspondió a infecciones por el serogrupo B.
Discusión: En 2023 hay un aumento de la IA respecto a los años 2020-2022 sin alcanzar los niveles prepandémicos. La mejora de la notificación de los datos de caracterización microbiológica y de la vacunación es crucial para llevar a cabo la vigilancia de esta enfermedad y para la evaluación del programa de vacunación.
Wywiad jawnoźródłowy w internecie – kategoryzacja i ewaluacja narzędzi wyszukiwawczych
Authors: Mider Daniel
Published: December 2024

Artykuł przedstawia kompleksową analizę i systematyczny przegląd narzędzi wyszukiwawczych stosowanych w wywiadzie jawnoźródłowym (open source intelligence, OSINT). Ewaluacji poddano trzy główne kategorie oprogramowania: systemy zintegrowane z systemem operacyjnym lub przeglądarką internetową, autonomiczne aplikacje oraz repozytoria odnośników do narzędzi specjalistycznych. Dokonano krytycznej ewaluacji reprezentatywnych egzemplifikacji z każdej kategorii, uwzględniając ich funkcjonalność, efektywność oraz ograniczenia. W toku analizy zidentyfikowano istotne luki w obecnym instrumentarium oraz sformułowano postulaty dotyczące potencjalnych kierunków rozwoju warsztatu operatora OSINT. Jako optymalny kierunek rozwoju wskazano otwarte, modularne narzędzia o niskim progu wejścia, pozwalające na aktywny udział społeczności w ich doskonaleniu i dostosowywaniu do indywidualnych potrzeb analityków. Przedstawione wyniki stanowią kompendium wiedzy dla naukowców, praktyków oraz entuzjastów OSINT.
The Korsun Incident. Political provocation as a tool of Russian special services
Authors: Świerczek Marek
Published: December 2024

Describing the outbreak of the conflict in eastern and southern Ukraine in 2014, the author puts forward a hypothesis that the social protests, which then turned into a severe phase of civil war secretly supported by the Russian Federation, were provoked by the Russian special services. According to the author, the so-called Korsun pogrom, repeal of the so-called language act and the threat of forceful pacification of the east by one of the leaders of the Right Sector were the logical links of a political provocation aimed at maximum social polarisation along political and linguistic lines. The social upheaval was then reinforced by the structures led by the Russian special services, which brought about losing Crimea and part of Donbas by Ukraine.
GDDKIA xml service, road traffic incidents data: availability and quality research
Authors: Dziuba Natalia , Szombara Stanisław
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of technology and the increasing amount of data being processed, smart cities use real-time information processing to optimise various processes, including navigation and traffic management. In this context, spatial data on traffic incidents plays a key role, enabling drivers to bypass congestion and navigate safely and efficiently through the city. This study focuses on assessing the quality and availability of spatial data on road obstructions provided by the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (pl.: Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad, GDDKiA) in Poland. In order to analyse this data, a web application was developed to visualise the data on a map to identify problems related to the accuracy of locations and the lack of key information. During the study, it was found that many of the points that were supposed to represent the locations of road incidents were at a significant distance from the actual road axes, indicating errors in geolocalisation. To improve accuracy, additional algorithms were applied that automatically corrected the position of the points to match the nearest roads. Additionally, in cases where geographic coordinates were missing, a geocoding method based on OpenStreetMap data was used. The analysis showed that the data from the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways is partly incomplete and problematic, which limits its usefulness in further spatial analyses. In addition, the irregular updating of the data at 10-minute intervals and the low number of reported incidents further affect their quality and usefulness. Furthermore, comparison of the visualisation results with the GDDKiA road information map revealed significant discrepancies in the location of obstructions, suggesting that data sources or processing methods may differ. The results suggest the need to improve the accuracy and completeness of the spatial data provided so that it can effectively support cartographic analyses and visualisations.
A formal notation of legal rules applicable in the local space
Authors: Barańska Anna M. , Eckes Konrad
Published: December 2024

In addition to the commonly known stable legal relationships between persons or institutions and fragments of the Earth's surface (real estate), there are widely applied ad hoc relationships to real space, with significantly varying durations. They are a function of acquired rights and remain valid for a strictly defined period of time. They are common in everyday life and take on diverse forms, the basic attribute of which is a reference to a broadly understood fragment of geographical space. Emerging technological achievements, such as digitisation of payments, algorithmisation of procedures, identification of documents and people, autonomous traffic and artificial intelligence - pose a challenge to provide ad hoc relationships to space with formalised notation. The problem of formal notation of legal rules applicable in local space will be presented on the example of the right of entry to the university campus, together with local traffic and parking rules. The space is divided into zones and then into smaller units – parking spaces, according to the hierarchical structure. Social groups that have relationships with these zones are also formed into hierarchical sets. Individual groups have different rights to space – hierarchically – at the zone level. The established hierarchy is the first factor considered. The second factor is variability over time. Relationships to local space change over time, most often in a cyclical form. It can therefore be concluded that in this case the law is a function of time. Parking spaces, as objects in spatial sets, are occupied randomly and subsequent users must start the procedure of searching the remaining objects belonging to the set. This procedure has been written in the form of a flowchart and graph. Objects removed from the set (as they are occupied) may randomly return, so for the purposes of effective searching, this process is presented as repeatable – as a whole or locally (cascading search). The third aspect considered are differences in the way users move around the local road network and in elementary spatial fields. The network structure is represented by intersections, which are noted as node matrices. In order to define how to behave in the local space, a list of rules was prepared and standardised. From a practical point of view, a form of prohibition is advantageous because it can be logically linked to a list (set) of consequences. Following these assumptions, the general form of the behavioural test algorithm was formulated. The presented issues demonstrate complex relationships to space and its integrating rule in relation to legal rules. This approach to law allows for space management using IT methods. The notation of the spatial structure and of legal relationships related to time enable the definition of rules of conduct for diverse groups of local societies. Dissimilarity from equality of law for all and stability over time, occurs in local environments and raises the relationships between community, space and time to a higher level of generality.
Research and Development Tax Credit for Software Development
Authors: Hájek Pavel
Published: December 2024

This paper deals with the tax benefits of R&D in software development. The aim of the paper is firstly to reveal the practical challenges and problems of software companies in applying for Research and Development tax credits. As a result, the article proposes solutions to improve the current situation. To achieve the objective, the current state of affairs is identified through analysis and the problems to be solved are described. Given the differences in how tax credits are provided, the subsequent recommendations for improving the current state of affairs are based mainly on a comparison of the different EU Member States on the problematic issues of tax provision. This article, by proposing solutions, can help in particular in the development of new legislation in the field of indirect R&D support. However, it is also a useful basis for tax advisors, attorneys specializing in tax law, owners of small and medium-sized software companies and other individuals who are actively interested in indirect R&D support.
Integracja europejska
Authors: Berbeka Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

Problematyka integracji europejskiej wraz z jej gospodarczymi konsekwencjami jest jednym z bardziej kontrowersyjnych tematów. Duży nacisk Unii Europejskiej na kwestie środowiskowe skutkuje zaostrzaniem istniejących regulacji oraz tworzeniem nowych, co budzi wiele sporów. Obecna dotkliwość tych regulacji, niezależnie od potencjalnych korzyści dla przyszłych generacji, utrudnia zrozumienie ich zasadności. Autor niniejszej monografii postawił sobie za cel omówienie wybranych elementów procesu integracji i ochrony środowiska oraz wskazanie argumentacji uzasadniającej opisane działania wraz z przykładową analizą kosztów i korzyści. Problemy przedstawione zostały według pewnego schematu; podbudowę teoretyczną – tam gdzie jest zasadna – uzupełniono praktycznymi przykładami wdrożenia poszczególnych koncepcji. Książka nie pretenduje do miana podręcznika, niemniej prezentuje różne aspekty integracji i regulacji środowiskowych, pogłębioną dyskusję i studia przypadków.
Transformacja polskiej gospodarki w kierunku niskoemisyjnym w świetle wyników wielosektorowego modelu energetycznego
Authors: Skrzypek Jurand
Published: December 2024

„Praca dotyczy ważnego i aktualnego zagadnienia, jakim bez wątpienia jest transformacja energetyczna polskiej gospodarki. Autor wnosi wartościowy wkład do obecnie prowadzonej debaty dzięki nakreśleniu oryginalnej i realistycznej ścieżki osiągnięcia zerowej emisyjności. […]
Wysoko oceniam umiejętności analityczne Autora, który swobodnie posługuje się zaawansowanymi metodami ilościowymi, łącząc metody analizy input-output z ekonometrycznymi. […] Książka może zainteresować osoby kształtujące politykę klimatyczno-energetyczną oraz zarządzające przemysłowymi aktywami państwowymi […]. Powinna również przyciągnąć uwagę środowiska akademickiego (nie tylko ekonomistów, ale także energetyków i ekologów) oraz niezależnych think-tanków ze względu na kompleksowe ujęcie sposobu modelowania systemów energetycznych, ukazanie zastosowania nowatorskiego wielosektorowego modelu energetycznego do analiz energetyczno-środowiskowych i dokładne rozpoznanie teoretyczne badanego problemu.”
Enhancing Islamic Bank Performance: The Role Of Sharia Supervisory Board Attributes And Intellectual Capital
Authors: Rahmawati Aryani Intan Endah , Prawestri Adhelia Desi , Rosadi Samsul , Wardani Marita Kusuma
Published: December 2024

Islamic banks are required to establish a sharia supervisory board (SSB). In that sense, there is a need to gain insight into whether the characteristics of the sharia supervisory board affect the performance of Islamic banks. This research investigates the effect of SSB size, sharia background, financial background, gender diversity, and the moderating effect of intellectual capital on the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam during 2011-2021. The data used in this study is taken from the annual reports of Islamic banks, as many as 269 observation data, and analyzed through the panel data regression. The results show that the financial background and gender diversity variables among SSBs impact the performance of Islamic banks in the countries. Theoretically, this study strengthens the relevance of resource dependence theory in Islamic banking by highlighting that more extensive and diverse boards attract expertise, networks, and legitimacy that support performance. Practically, this study can serve as a reference for practitioners and policymakers to underline the strategic importance of board composition, gender diversity, and intellectual capital investment as drivers of ethical compliance and financial stability.
NİMŞEHİT’İN ŞİİRLERİNDE GİYİM-KUŞAM, SÜS VE EV EŞYALARI
Authors: Soydan Serpil
Published: December 2024

Kültür, bir toplumun ortak yaşayışından doğan maddi ve manevi değerlerdir. Bu değerler içerisinde yer alan söz varlığı, önemli bir kültürel ve maddi değerdir. Bir milletin sözlü ve yazılı edebiyat eserlerinde var olan söz varlığı, aynı zamanda o milletin sosyal ve kültürel yaşamı hakkında bilgi edinmede yardımcı olan en önemli dil ögesidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Nimşehit’in yaşadığı dönemdeki sosyal ve kültürel yaşama ait giyim-kuşam, süs ve ev eşyaları ile ilgili söz varlığını şiirlerinden hareketle ortaya koyarak, bu söz varlığının Yeni Uygur, Çağatay ve Özbek Türkçesi sözlüklerindeki kullanımını tespit etmektir. Bu söz varlığının tespiti için, Uygur Şair Nimşehit ve Şiirleri adlı eser kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Eserden tespit edilen veriler şöyledir: 1. Kıyafetler: Alt Bedene Giyilenler: Tambal “pantolon”; Üst Bedene Giyilenler: Etles köynek “atlas gömlek”, Köynek “gömlek”, Toqiğan rexttin kiyim “dokunmuş kumaştan giysi”, Girip köynek “saten elbise”; Vücudun Tamamını Örten/Giyilen Giysiler: Tonlar “cübbeler”, Yipek köynek “ipek elbise”; 2. Ayağa Giyilenler: Betinke “sandalet”; 3. Süs Eşyaları ve diğer aksesuarlar: Takılar: Toyluq “Düğünde erkek tarafının kız tarafına aldığı kıyafet, takı gibi şeyler.”, Altun sapaq “altın küpe”, Altun üzük “altın yüzük”, Bileyzük “bilezik”, Mervayit boyunçaq “inci kolye”. Başa ve yüze takılan aksesuarlar: Qadaq doppa “takke”, Söser tumaq “süt emen hayvanın derisinden yapılan şapka türü”, Şepke “şapka”, Tumaq “kalpak”, Çümbel “peçe”, Romal “başörtü”, Tac “taç”. Omuza, boyuna takılan veya atılanlar: Duxava, bortme şal “kadife ve ipek şal”. Ev eşyaları: Körpe “pamuklu döşek, yatak”, Yotqan “yorgan”, Löñge “havlu”, Yağliqlar “mendiller”; Yuñ buyum “yün eşya”, Kigiz “kilim”. Nimşehit’in şiirleri incelediğinde giyim-kuşam, süs ve ev eşyalarına ilişkin söz varlığının daha çok günlük yaşamla özdeşleşen, Şepke “şapka”, Tumaq “kalpak”, Çümbel “peçe”, Tambal “pantolon” , Köynek “gömlek”, Yipek köynek “ipek elbise”, Ton “cübbe” gibi giyim ve süs eşyaları olduğu görülmektedir.
Modifying the universe around us: the design act as transformative semiosis process .
Authors: Manna Tiziano
Published: December 2024

Underlying the anthropocosmic conception of the philosopher Valery Nikolaevich Sagatovsky is the understanding of being as a unitary totality in which matter, soul and spirit are on an equal footing in terms of dignity and value. In this way, ontology, anthropology, theory of knowledge, axiology, ethics and aesthetics are harmonically unified in human activity with regard to the world and human beings themselves. This approach allows an overview of ideas about the world, human beings and the human-world relationship. The aim of the research is to step into an exploratory dimension of the human-world relationship and attempt to trace innovative directions of non-academic thinking. To look at design as a configuring act and a tool through which to modify the environment in which we live and which in turn modifies us (in a recursive way). Can the universe be considered as a complex system in which the natural and the artificial merge into a constantly changing, interactive, self-configuring phenomenological world? Can the artificial world, as the result of a project, with its own configuration, be considered a 'communicative artefact'?
Factors influencing pharmacy students' satisfaction with pharmacy education quality: A cross-sectional study at a private university in Vietnam
Authors: Thanh-Thao Phan Thi , Song Ha Nguyen Thi , Thu Trang Trần Thị , Vu Ha Đặng
Published: December 2024

Background: Student satisfaction is a crucial factor that reflects the quality of education, especially in specialised fields such as pharmacy.
Objective: To investigate the determinants of satisfaction among final-year pharmacy students regarding the quality of pharmacy education at Thanh Do University in Vietnam.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October to December 2023, involving 446 final-year pharmacy students using online and offline questionnaires. Data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 software, focusing on 33 observational variables and one composite satisfaction variable. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to identify key factors affecting educational quality, while linear regression was applied to assess the impact of these factors on student satisfaction.
Results: Overall satisfaction level was 3.89 (SD = 0.731). The key factors identified were Student support activities (β = 0.516), Training Programme (β = 0.434), Quality of facilities (β = 0.378), and teaching staff (β = 0.315).
Conclusion: The findings highlight that SSA has the greatest influence on student satisfaction, followed by TP, QF, and TS. These results emphasised the need to improve student support services, curriculum structure, and facilities to enhance the educational experience at Thanh Do University.