bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Side chain-functionalized aniline-derived ursolic acid derivatives as multidrug resistance reversers that block the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and cell proliferation
Authors: Huang Ri-Zhen , Hua Shi-Xian , Liao Zhi-Xin , Huang Xiao-Chao , Wang Heng-Shan
Published: May 2017

A series of inhibitors of NF-κB based on ursolic acid (UA) derivatives containing functionalized aniline or amide side chains were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of NF-κB as well as their antitumor effects.
Succinct synthesis of saturated hydroxy fatty acids andin vitroevaluation of all hydroxylauric acids on FFA1, FFA4 and GPR84
Authors: Kaspersen Mads Holmgaard , Jenkins Laura , Dunlop Julia , Milligan Graeme , Ulven Trond
Published: May 2017

A concise synthetic protocol enables rapid receptor screening of hydroxy fatty acid.
Correction: Functionalization of SiC/SiOx nanowires with a porphyrin derivative: a hybrid nanosystem for X-ray induced singlet oxygen generation
Authors: Tatti R. , Timpel M. , Nardi M. V. , Fabbri F. , Rossi F. , Pasquardini L. , Chiasera A. , Aversa L. , Koshmak K. , Giglia A. , Pasquali L. , Rimoldi T. , Cristofolini L. , Attolini G. , Varas S. , Iannotta S. , Verucchi R. , Salviati G.
Published: May 2017

Correction for ‘Functionalization of SiC/SiOx nanowires with a porphyrin derivative: a hybrid nanosystem for X-ray induced singlet oxygen generation’ by R. Tatti et al., Mol. Syst. Des. Eng., 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7me00005g.
Understanding the superior temperature stability of iridium light-emitting electrochemical cells
Authors: Bowler Melanie H. , Guo Tianle , Bastatas Lyndon D. , Moore Matthew D. , Malko Anton V. , Slinker Jason D.
Published: May 2017

The temperature dependence of iridium and ruthenium devices are studied, and fundamental assumptions governing their emission are challenged.
Superhalogens as building blocks of a new series of superacids
Authors: Srivastava Ambrish Kumar , Kumar Abhishek , Misra Neeraj
Published: May 2017

A new series of superacids by the protonation of BnH3n+1− superhalogen anions has been proposed. The resulting BnH3n+2 species behave as superacids for n ≥ 2 due to their smaller free energy of deprotonation than that of H2SO4. These BnH3n+2 superacids do not require Brønsted/Lewis acid components.
Complexation behaviour of caffeic, ferulic and p-coumaric acids towards aluminium cations: a combined experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Beneduci Amerigo , Furia Emilia , Russo Nino , Marino Tiziana
Published: May 2017

The formation of complexes of hydroxycinnamic acids with Al(iii) ions is strongly pH-dependent and the complexation occurs via a carboxylic function.
Fe7Se8@C core–shell nanoparticles encapsulated within a three-dimensional graphene composite as a high-performance flexible anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Jiang Tiancai , Bu Fanxing , Liu Bailang , Hao Guolin , Xu Yuxi
Published: May 2017

The composite Fe7Se8@C encapsulated within 3D-graphene serves as a high-performance flexible anode for LIBs with excellent rate performance.
The sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclases and their emerging roles in biology and ecology
Authors: Osborn Andrew R. , Kean Kelsey M. , Karplus P. Andrew , Mahmud Taifo
Published: May 2017

We highlight a family of enzymes of growing importance, which are found throughout Prokarya and Eukarya and are involved in primary and secondary metabolism.
Hot off the press
Authors: Hill Robert A. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: May 2017

A personal selection of 32 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products such as macrophilone A from Macrorhynchia philippina.
Urotensin-II peptidomimetic incorporating a non-reducible 1,5-triazole disulfide bond reveals a pseudo-irreversible covalent binding mechanism to the urotensin G-protein coupled receptor
Authors: Pacifico Salvatore , Kerckhoffs Aidan , Fallow Andrew J. , Foreman Rachel E. , Guerrini Remo , McDonald John , Lambert David G. , Jamieson Andrew G.
Published: May 2017

New high affinity peptidomimetic ligands have been developed that provided new insight into the mechanism of binding of U-II peptide with the urotensin-II receptor.
Synthesis, properties, and crystal structures of π-extended double [6]helicenes: contorted multi-dimensional stacking lattice
Authors: Fujikawa Takao , Mitoma Nobuhiko , Wakamiya Atsushi , Saeki Akinori , Segawa Yasutomo , Itami Kenichiro
Published: May 2017

Synthesis, structures, packing modes, and electronic properties of two π-extended double helicene molecules are described.
Evolution from linear tetranuclear clusters into one-dimensional chains of Dy(iii) single-molecule magnets with an enhanced energy barrier
Authors: Li Rui-Ping , Liu Qing-Yan , Wang Yu-Ling , Liu Cai-Ming , Liu Sui-Jun
Published: May 2017

Structural evolution from Dy4 clusters into 1D Dy(iii)-chains, the anisotropy energy barrier is enhanced from 45.4(2) to 144.2(1) K.
Fabrication of robust, superhydrophobic, electrically conductive and UV-blocking fabrics via layer-by-layer assembly of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Guo Xiao-Jing , Xue Chao-Hua , Li Min , Li Xing , Ma Jian-Zhong
Published: May 2017

Superhydrophobic fabrics with electrical conductivity and UV-blocking property were fabricated via assembly of carbon nanotubes on fibers followed by hydrophobization with poly(dimethylsiloxane).
Effect of the aggregation state of amorphous calcium phosphate on hydroxyapatite nucleation kinetics
Authors: Jiang Shuqin , Jin Wenjing , Wang Ya-Nan , Pan Haihua , Sun Zhiwei , Tang Ruikang
Published: May 2017

In the ACP-mediated HAP nucleation pathway, the nucleation rate of HAP increases when ACP is in the separated state.
Hexagonal AgBr crystal plates for efficient photocatalysis through two methods of degradation: methyl orange oxidation and CrVI reduction
Authors: Zheng Hui , Li Peng , Gao Lisheng , Li Guangming
Published: May 2017

Well-defined AgBr-hexagonal crystal plates have been synthesized, which manifested high photocatalytic properties in both the photo-reduction of CrVI and the photo-oxidation of methyl orange (MO).
Enhanced light scattering effect of wrinkled transparent conductive ITO thin film
Authors: Wang Chuang , Zhang Haoran , Yang Fengyou , Fan Yongtao , Liu Qian
Published: May 2017

In this work, we fabricate uniform wrinkles on ITO and systematically study the properties of the wrinkled ITO in optics, electrics and mechanics. The wrinkled ITO shows a high optical transmittance and improved mechanical bending performance.
Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide intertwined with V2O3 nanoflakes as self-supported electrodes for flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Hou Z. Q. , Wang Z. Y. , Yang L. X. , Yang Z. G.
Published: May 2017

Flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors (SCs) have great potential applications in flexible and wearable electronics because of their safety, high power density, flexibility, and portability.
Method for electroless nickel plating on the surface of CaCO3 powders
Authors: Huang Junjun , Chen Zhenming
Published: May 2017

In this work, electroless nickel plating on the surface of CaCO3 powders successively modified with stearic acid, oleamide and 3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane in that order was developed.
Naphthalimide-based fluorescent gelator for construction of both organogels and stimuli-responsive metallogels
Authors: Zhang Ao , Zhang Yan , Xu Zhice , Li Yajuan , Yu Xudong , Geng Lijun
Published: May 2017

Herein, we presented the first example that a gelator can form both organogels and metallogels with multiple gelation approaches tuned by multiple stimuli.
ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis techniques for the identification of DENV-3 in different concentrations in blood and serum: a new approach
Authors: Santos Marfran C. D. , Nascimento Yasmin M. , Araújo Josélio M. G. , Lima Kássio M. G.
Published: May 2017

In most cases of virus infections the viral load is directly related to the intensity of the disease.
Dispersing hydrophilic nanoparticles in nonaqueous solvents with superior long-term stability
Authors: Cao Muhan , Liu Qipeng , Chen Min , Yang Peipei , Xu Yong , Wu Haihua , Yu Jia , He Le , Zhang Xiao-Hong , Zhang Qiao
Published: May 2017

We report a general and robust polymerization–dissolution strategy for phase transfer of hydrophilic nanoparticles into nonaqueous solvents with a 100% transfer efficiency.
Fluorescent detection of point mutation via ligase reaction assisted by quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticle-based probes
Authors: Heidari Sharafdarkolaei S. , Motovali-Bashi M. , Gill P.
Published: May 2017

A nanodiagnostic genotyping method was presented for point mutation detection directly in human genomic DNA based on ligase reaction coupled with quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticle-based probes.
Effect of an improved gas diffusion cathode on carbamazepine removal using the electro-Fenton process
Authors: Wang Wei , Lu Yaobin , Luo Haiping , Liu Guangli , Zhang Renduo
Published: May 2017

The CBZ removal could be enhanced using the EF process with improved pore structure in the diffusion layer of GDC.
Controllable fabrication of single-crystalline, ultrafine and high-silica hierarchical ZSM-5 aggregates via solid-like state conversion
Authors: Li Hongyao , Wang Yaquan , Meng Fanjun , Gao Fei , Sun Chao , Fan Chunyang , Wang Xiao , Wang Shuhai
Published: May 2017

Single-crystalline, ultrafine and high-silica HA-ZSM-5 aggregates were directly synthesizedviaSSC method using HTAB as the mesoporogen through a S-1 seed-induced route.
A new near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for hydrazine
Authors: He Yangyang , Li Zhanxian , Shi Bingjie , An Zhen , Yu Mingming , Wei Liuhe , Ni Zhonghai
Published: May 2017

Under mild conditions, a novel near-infrared ratiometric and on–off fluorescent probe was synthesized, which can detect hydrazine with high selectivity and anti-interference over other amines, biological species, anions and metal ions.
Correction: Compositional engineering of the pi-conjugated small molecular VOPcPhO : Alq3 complex to boost humidity sensing
Authors: Fatima Noshin , Aziz Fakhra , Ahmad Zubair , Najeeb M. A. , Azmeer M. I. , Karimov Kh. S. , Ahmed M. M. , Bashir S. , Shakoor R. A. , Sulaiman K.
Published: May 2017

Correction for ‘Compositional engineering of the pi-conjugated small molecular VOPcPhO : Alq3 complex to boost humidity sensing’ by Noshin Fatima et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 19780–19786.
Preparation of Au nanoparticles in a non-polar medium: obtaining high-efficiency nanofluids for concentrating solar power. An experimental and theoretical perspective
Authors: Gómez-Villarejo Roberto , Navas Javier , Martín Elisa I. , Sánchez-Coronilla Antonio , Aguilar Teresa , Gallardo Juan Jesús , De los Santos Desiré , Alcántara Rodrigo , Fernández-Lorenzo Concha , Martín-Calleja Joaquín
Published: May 2017

Au nanofluids with enhanced thermal properties for use in CSP.
Immobilization of copper complexes with (1,10-phenanthrolinyl)phosphonates on titania supports for sustainable catalysis
Authors: Mitrofanov Alexander , Brandès Stéphane , Herbst Frédéric , Rigolet Séverinne , Bessmertnykh-Lemeune Alla , Beletskaya Irina
Published: May 2017

Immobilization of copper complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline functionalized by phosphonate anchoring groups was investigated to prepare porous and reusable catalysts for Sonogashira-type and Huisgen cycloaddition reactions.
Deficient copper decorated platinum nanoparticles for selective hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Yue , Li Liqun , Huang Wenqing , Xiao Zicheng , Wu Pingfan , Zhao Wenbo , Guo Wei , Jiang Peng , Liang Minghui
Published: May 2017

Two model Pt–Cu catalysts are designed to explore the contribution of electronic effect and geometric effect on their catalytic performance.
Tuning electrochemical catalytic activity of defective 2D terrace MoSe2 heterogeneous catalyst via cobalt doping
Authors: Chen Xiaoshuang , Qiu Yunfeng , Liu Guangbo , Zheng Wei , Feng Wei , Gao Feng , Cao Wenwu , Fu YongQing , Hu Wenping , Hu PingAn
Published: May 2017

Defective 2D terrace MoSe2/CoMoSe lateral and vertical heterostructures nanolayers electrocatalyst via metal cobalt doping displays ameliorative HER activity.
Morphology controlled synthesis of MnCO3–RGO materials and their supercapacitor applications
Authors: Jana Milan , Samanta Pranab , Chandra Murmu Naresh , Kuila Tapas
Published: May 2017

The chelating action of citric, oxalic and tartaric acids significantly alters the morphology of MnCO3 functionalities, which in turn affects the supercapacitor properties of MnCO3–RGO composites, and the designed device exhibits elevated energy and power densities.
Highly stable supercapacitors with MOF-derived Co9S8/carbon electrodes for high rate electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Li Daohao , Chen Shuai , Yang Xianfeng , Zhao Xiaoliang , Zhao Quansheng , Komarneni Sridhar , Yang Dongjiang
Published: May 2017

MOF-derived Co9S8nanoparticles embedded in carbon doped with N and S showed super stability and high rate performance for supercapacitors.
Biocompatible pH-responsive nanoparticles with a core-anchored multilayer shell of triblock copolymers for enhanced cancer therapy
Authors: Ellis Elizabeth , Zhang Kangyi , Lin Qianyu , Ye Enyi , Poma Alessandro , Battaglia Giuseppe , Loh Xian Jun , Lee Tung-Chun
Published: May 2017

pH-Responsive drug nanocarriers were madeviafacile self-assembly, showing excellent stability in bio-media (50% PBS/FBS) and enhanced drug efficacy towards cancer cells.
Technical synthesis and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots
Authors: Li Keheng , Liu Wei , Ni Yao , Li Dapeng , Lin Dongmei , Su Zhiqiang , Wei Gang
Published: May 2017

A comprehensive review on the technical synthesis and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots was presented.
Ultralow dielectric, fluoride-containing cyanate ester resins with improved mechanical properties and high thermal and dimensional stabilities
Authors: Gu Junwei , Dong Wencai , Tang Yusheng , Guo Yongqiang , Tang Lin , Kong Jie , Tadakamalla Sruthi , Wang Bin , Guo Zhanhu
Published: May 2017

Ultralow dielectric constant, prominent mechanical properties, and high thermal and dimension stabilities were achieved in cyanate ester resins copolymerized with fluoride-containing epoxy groups.
Screw dislocation-driven t-Ba2V2O7 helical meso/nanosquares: microwave irradiation assisted-SDBS fabrication and their unique magnetic properties
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Jianli , Chen Mingzhe , Li Chunsheng , Hu Zhenpeng , Chou Shu-Lei
Published: May 2017

The morphology-controlled preparation of t-Ba2V2O7 helical-like meso/nanosquares via a high-efficiency microwave radiation-assisted surfactant strategy and their unique magnetic performance as a function of particle size and reaction time were reported.
Two-dimensional large-scale bandgap-tunable monolayer MoS2(1−x)Se2x/graphene heterostructures for phototransistors
Authors: Yue Yuchen , Feng Yiyu , Chen Jiancui , Zhang Daihua , Feng Wei
Published: May 2017

The centimeter-scale and high-quality bandgap-tunable monolayer MoS2(1−x)Se2x films are prepared on graphene by one-step direct synthesis, and the phototransistors of MoS2(1−x)Se2x/graphene heterostructures exhibit high responsivity and good cycling performance.
1 cm2 CH3NH3PbI3 mesoporous solar cells with 17.8% steady-state efficiency by tailoring front FTO electrodes
Authors: Afzaal Mohammad , Yates Heather M. , Walter Arnaud , Nicolay Sylvain , Ballif Christophe
Published: May 2017

Fluorine doped tin oxide films deposited by atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition demonstrated power conversion efficiencies of 17.8% for mesoporous perovskite solar cells.
Unusual mechanohypsochromic luminescence and unique bidirectional thermofluorochromism of long-alkylated simple DPP dyes
Authors: Ying Shian , Chen Mingshuai , Liu Zhongwei , Zheng Meng , Zhang Haichang , Xue Shanfeng , Yang Wenjun
Published: May 2017

The first example of organic dyes exhibiting a very large mechanohypsochromic shift (100 nm) and bidirectional thermofluorochromism (red, yellow, and green) in both powder and film states was demonstrated.
Highly responsive phototransistors based on 2,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)anthracene single crystal
Authors: Li Aiyuan , Yan Lijia , Liu Ming , Murtaza Imran , He Chao , Zhang Dongwei , He Yaowu , Meng Hong
Published: May 2017

Herein, thin film and single crystal phototransistors based on 2,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)anthracene (BOPAnt) are systematically studied.
Comparative functional analysis of ribonuclease 1 homologs: molecular insights into evolving vertebrate physiology
Authors: Lomax Jo E. , Eller Chelcie H. , Raines Ronald T.
Published: May 2017

Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) comprise a class of highly conserved secretory endoribonucleases in vertebrates. The prototype of this enzyme family is ribonuclease 1 (RNase 1). Understanding the physiological roles of RNase 1 is becoming increasingly important, as engineered forms of the enzyme progress through clinical trials as chemotherapeutic agents for cancer. Here, we present an in-depth biochemical characterization of RNase 1 homologs from a broad range of mammals (human, bat, squirrel, horse, cat, mouse, and cow) and nonmammalian species (chicken, lizard, and frog). We discover that the human homolog of RNase 1 has a pH optimum for catalysis, ability to degrade double-stranded RNA, and affinity for cell-surface glycans that are distinctly higher than those of its homologs. These attributes have relevance for human health. Moreover, the functional diversification of the 10 RNase 1 homologs illuminates the regulation of extracellular RNA and other aspects of vertebrate evolution.
α-Synuclein may cross-bridge v-SNARE and acidic phospholipids to facilitate SNARE-dependent vesicle docking
Authors: Lou Xiaochu , Kim Jaewook , Hawk Brenden J. , Shin Yeon-Kyun
Published: May 2017

Misfolded α-synuclein (A-syn) is widely recognized as the primal cause of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. The normal cellular function of A-syn has, however, been elusive. There is evidence that A-syn plays multiple roles in the exocytotic pathway in the neuron, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. A-syn has been known to interact with negatively charged phospholipids and with vesicle SNARE protein VAMP2. Using single-vesicle docking/fusion assays, we find that A-syn promotes SNARE-dependent vesicles docking significantly at 2.5 µM. When phosphatidylserine (PS) is removed from t-SNARE-bearing vesicles, the docking enhancement by A-syn disappears and A-syn instead acts as an inhibitor for docking. In contrast, subtraction of PS from the v-SNARE-carrying vesicles enhances vesicle docking even further. Moreover, when we truncate the C-terminal 45 residues of A-syn that participates in interacting with VAMP2, the promotion of vesicle docking is abrogated. Thus, the results suggest that the A-syn's interaction with v-SNARE through its C-terminal tail and its concurrent interaction with PS in trans through its amphipathic N-terminal domain facilitate SNARE complex formation, whereby A-syn aids SNARE-dependent vesicle docking.
Oxidative imbalance and kidney damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats: activation of extrinsic apoptotic pathways
Authors: La Russa D. , Brunelli E. , Pellegrino D.
Published: May 2017

In both humans and animals, essential hypertension acts as a risk factor for subclinical kidney damage and precedes renal dysfunction. Several lines of evidence indicate that hypertension and oxidative stress are closely related. The increase in vascular oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiological consequences of hypertension, including kidney disease. Our study examined this issue in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), a reliable model of essential hypertension. We used SHR 20 weeks old when hypertension is stably developed, vascular remodeling started, but kidney function is preserved. We examined plasmatic pro-oxidant and antioxidant status showing a significant alteration in oxidative balance in SHR. As index of oxidative damage, we evaluated lipid peroxidation in kidney, liver, and skeletal muscle, detecting a significant rise in lipid peroxidation levels in all SHR tissues, particularly relevant in kidney. In addition, we analyzed the expression of cytoplasmic antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and glutatione S-tranferasi P1 (GSTP1). In SHR liver, SOD1 expression slight increased while we have not detected any variation in other tissues. Concerning GSTP1, SHR renal tissues did not display variations in enzyme expression, while in the other tissues, we observed a significant increase in both monomeric and pro-apoptotic dimeric form of the enzyme. By analyzing apoptotic signal, we founded c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in all SHR tissues, but only kidney presented extrinsic apoptotic pathway activation. Our results suggest that, in hypertensive animals with preserved renal function, despite the remarkable oxidative damage of renal tissues, only the extrinsic apoptotic pathway is activated.
Improved waveform design for radar target classification
Authors: Kim H.‐S. , Goodman N.A. , Lee C.K. , Yang S.‐I.
Published: May 2017

The information‐theoretic waveform for target classification based on spectral variance has been studied, and its advantages have been shown. The waveform design algorithm has a low computational load and can be applied to real‐time applications. In looking for more sophisticated methods while keeping the advantages of an information‐based approach, a new design algorithm by deriving a strict lower bound of the information measure is developed. The proposed design algorithm requires a small amount of calculation and shows better classification performance in terms of percentage of correct detection. The proposed method is compared with other methods, and the improved performance is shown in numerically generated graphs.
Protecting IP core during architectural synthesis using HLT‐based obfuscation
Authors: Sengupta A. , Roy D.
Published: May 2017

For protecting an intellectual property (IP) core, it must be harder to reverse engineer. Structural obfuscation can play an important role in achieving this goal. A novel structural obfuscation methodology during architectural synthesis using multiple compiler‐based high‐level transformations (HLTs) that yield functionally equivalent designs (data flow graphs) which are camouflaged in identity is proposed. The proposed obfuscation methodology is driven through a number of HLT techniques such as redundant operation elimination, logic transformation and tree height transformation. In addition to performing obfuscation, performing area–delay tradeoff during exploring low‐cost obfuscated design is also possible using these HLT techniques in the proposed methodology. Owing to multiple stages of HLT incorporated in the proposed approach during obfuscation, it yields a highly robust design which on integration with particle swarm optimisation‐based exploration framework produced low‐cost obfuscated IP designs. Results of the proposed approach yielded an enhancement in strength of obfuscation of 20.19% and reduction in obfuscated design cost of 59.66% compared with a similar approach.
Design of frequency offset tolerant PSS waveform
Authors: Zou Jun , Yu Hai
Published: May 2017

Timing estimation is the very first step and the most important part in the wireless communication system. In conventional long term evolution (LTE) system, a ZC‐based primary synchronisation signal (PSS) waveform is used to deal with the timing issue due to its ‘perfect’ autocorrelation property. However, in the Internet of things (IoT) scenarios, the initial frequency offset caused by the inaccurate crystal oscillator can be very large due to the low‐cost requirement. ZC sequence is sensitive to the frequency offset especially the very large frequency offset. A new PSS waveform with frequency offset tolerance is proposed to improve the timing performance by using a couple of chirp signals. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed PSS waveform could work well under very large frequency offset and is better than the narrow band (NB)‐IoT PSS with differential detector.
Torque ripple elimination based on inverter voltage drop compensation for a three‐phase four‐switch inverter‐fed PMSM drive under low speeds
Authors: Zhu Chong , Zeng Zhiyong , Zhao Rongxiang
Published: May 2017

Torque ripples under low speeds are a prominent issue of three‐phase, four‐switch (TPFS) inverter‐fed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives. Due to the asymmetrical circuit topologies, the inverter voltage drops caused by semiconductor power switches have a unique influence on the performances of TPFS inverter‐fed PMSM drives, producing unbalanced motor currents and pulsating torques. In this study, the effects of inverter voltage drops on the output voltages are investigated in depth through the proposed equivalent circuits of TPFS inverters, and the results indicate that each phase of stator voltages is distorted by unbalanced voltage harmonics, even including the phase directly connected to the midpoint of the DC link. The distorted stator voltages produce low‐frequency current harmonics, resulting in first‐ and second‐order torque harmonics. The torque ripples become tremendous when the PMSM is running at low speeds. According to the analytical results, a compensated modulation strategy is proposed to eliminate the torque ripples introduced by the inverter voltage drops. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed analysis and compensation method.
Power conditioning system coupled with a flow battery for wind energy applications: modelling and control design
Authors: Ontiveros Leonardo J. , Suvire Gastón O. , Mercado Pedro E.
Published: May 2017

Wind generation (WG) is the most widespread renewable energy resource in the world. However, this implementation inevitably leads to an increase in the problems caused by WG, e.g. frequency oscillations, power fluctuations or voltage variations. To overcome these problems, the use of a power conditioning system (PCS) coupled with a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is proposed in this study. The PCS is composed of a distribution static synchronous compensator connected to a dc/dc chopper. The PCS/VRFB detailed model is presented and a three‐level control system is developed. This control system allows the PCS/VRFB to perform a decoupled reactive and active power flow control. The dynamic response of the PCS/VRFB is evaluated through simulation tests, and performance characteristics of the device are obtained by means of the variation of the power references. The results obtained demonstrate that the PCS/VRFB offers a good transient response and the control system proposed allows mitigating the problems caused by wind power generation.
Design of a rectenna system for GSM‐900 band using novel broadside 2 × 1 array antenna
Authors: Singh Manish , Agrawal Sachin , Parihar Manoj Singh
Published: May 2017

In this study, a rectenna operating at the GSM‐900 frequency band has been fabricated and tested. This rectenna composed of a 2 × 1 T‐shaped monopole array antenna and an energy processing circuit. In order to reduce the gap between adjacent antenna elements in the array structure, the proposed array antenna uses a ground stub. Compared with other array antennas, the proposed array antenna with the ground stub reduces the size up to 50% without affecting the gain and bandwidth. An antenna prototype is fabricated and experimentally tested. The measured antenna's gain and bandwidth are 3.2 and 152 MHz, respectively, hence showing its suitability for radio‐frequency (RF) energy harvesting application. For this to be feasible, the developed array antenna is matched with the rectifier at GSM‐900 using a single stub matching network. The measured result demonstrates that the proposed rectifier circuit offers the conversion efficiency of 21.2 and 63.6% for an input power of −20 and 0 dBm, respectively. Finally, the rectifier performance is attested experimentally with the developed array antenna. The rectenna's measured RF‐to‐dc conversion efficiency was found to be 60% at the far‐field distance from the transmitting antenna.
Early esophagogastroduodenoscopy is associated with better Outcomes in upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a nationwide study
Authors: Garg Sushil , Anugwom Chimaobi , Campbell James , Wadhwa Vaibhav , Gupta Nancy , Lopez Rocio , Shergill Sukhman , Sanaka Madhusudhan
Published: May 2017

Background and study aims We analyzed NIS (National Inpatient Sample) database from 2007 – 2013 to determine if early esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (24 hours) for upper gastrointestinal bleeding improved the outcomes in terms of mortality, length of stay and costs.

Patients and methods Patients were classified as having upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage by querying all diagnostic codes for the ICD-9-CM codes corresponding to upper gastrointestinal bleeding. For these patients, performance of EGD during admission was determined by querying all procedural codes for the ICD-9-CM codes corresponding to EGD; early EGD was defined as having EGD performed within 24 hours of admission and late EGD was defined as having EGD performed after 24 hours of admission.

Results A total of 1,789,532 subjects with UGIH were identified. Subjects who had an early EGD were less likely to have hypovolemia, acute renal failure and acute respiratory failure. On multivariable analysis, we found that subjects without EGD were 3 times more likely to die during the admission than those with early EGD. In addition, those with late EGD had 50 % higher odds of dying than those with an early EGD. Also, after adjusting for all factors in the model, hospital stay was on average 3 and 3.7 days longer for subjects with no or late EGD, respectively, then for subjects with early EGD.

Conclusion Early EGD (within 24 hours) is associated with lower in-hospital mortality, morbidity, shorter length of stay and lower total hospital costs.
Langzeitergebnisse und Patientenzufriedenheit nach Tympanoplastik mit
Titan-Clip-Prothesen
Authors: Wolferts Guido , Schicke Daniel , Delank K.-Wolfgang
Published: May 2017

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Evaluation der Langzeitergebnisse nach
Ossikelkettenrekonstruktion mittels Titan-Clip Prothesen. Hierzu wurde eine
retrospektive Analyse mit prospektivem Follow-up bei allen Patienten
durchgeführt, bei denen in den Jahren 2002–2013 ein Clip-PORP implantiert wurde.
Es erfolgten audiologische Messungen, otoskopische Untersuchungen sowie die
Evaluation der Lebensqualität mittels Glasgow Benefit Inventory. 48 Patienten
(51 Ohren, 29 Männer, 19 Frauen, Durchschnittsalter 44,1 Jahre) konnten für das
Follow-up rekrutiert werden, der Nachbeobachtungszeitraum lag im Mittel bei 6,3
Jahren. Die Schallleitungskomponente wurde insgesamt (0,5–4 kHz) von präoperativ
22,8 dB auf 14,6 dB postoperativ reduziert (p≤0,001). Häufigste
Operationsindikation waren Cholesteatome und -Rezidive (52%), gefolgt von
chronischen Otitiden (12%), Radikalhöhlenrevisionen (8%) und
Schallleitungsstörungen nach Voroperation (14%). In 47 Fällen war das
Trommelfell verschlossen (92,2%), 4x (7,8%) bestand ein Defekt. Die Prothese war
39 Mal (75%) in situ, 6x (11,8%) lag eine Protrusion bzw. 2x (4%) eine
Verkippung vor, 1x (2%) war die Prothese fehlend und 3x (5,9%) konnte es nicht
beurteilt werden. Die postinterventionelle Patientenzufriedenheit wurde
insgesamt positiv bewertet (8,4 Punkte), ebenso die allgemeine Unterskala
während bei den Unterskalen soziale Unterstützung und körperliche Gesundheit
keine Veränderung auftraten. Zusammenfassend ist die Ossikuloplastik mittels
Titan-Clip Prothesen ein sicheres und etabliertes Verfahren. Auch langfristig
werden gute und stabile audiologische Messresultate durch Reduktion der
Schallleitungskomponente aufgezeigt. Die subjektive Lebensqualität ist insgesamt
nachhaltig verbessert.
Ellagic Acid Administration Negated the Development of Streptozotocin-Induced Memory Deficit in Rats
Authors: Bansal Nitin , Yadav Pushplata , Kumar Manish
Published: May 2017

Rampant production of pro-oxidants and inadequate antioxidant availability in brain exert oxidative stress, which in synergism with impaired glucose metabolism and inflammation leads to neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits. Ellagic acid (EGA) is a phenolic compound present in various fruits and is reported to possess robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the effect of EGA administration on streptozotocin (STZ) induced dementia in rats. Bilateral intracerebroventricle (ICV) injection of STZ (3 mg/kg) was given to Wistar rats (200 g) on day 1 and 3. EGA (17.5 and 35 mg/kg) was administered orally to rats for 28 days daily. The spatial memory of rats was quantified by using Morris water maze and elevated plus maze. Brain TBARS, GSH and TNF-α were also measured. Administration of EGA prevented the induction of STZ-ICV triggered cognitive deficits as evident by a significant (p<0.05) reduction in mean escape latency during acquisition trial and increased (p<0.05) time spent in target quadrant during retrieval trial in Morris water maze test, and reduction (p<0.05) in transfer latency in elevated plus maze test. Furthermore, both the doses of EGA attenuated STZ-ICV induced rise in brain TBARS as well as TNF-α and simultaneously enhanced the GSH content. Thus, EGA ameliorated STZ-induced dementia by probably restoring the balance between cellular pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants in brain of rats.
Charge transfer plasmons: Recent theoretical and experimental developments
Authors: Koya Alemayehu Nana , Lin Jingquan
Published: May 2017

The unique property of a charge transfer plasmon (CTP) that emerges in conductively bridged plasmonic nanoparticles makes linked nanosystems suitable candidates for building artificial molecules, nanomotors, sensors, and other optoelectronic devices. In this focused review, we present recent theoretical and experimental developments in fundamentals and applications of CTPs in conductively coupled metallic nanoparticles of various sizes and shapes. The underlying physics of charge transfer in linked nanoparticles with nanometer- and atomic-scale inter-particle gap is described from both classical and quantum mechanical perspectives. In addition, we present a detailed discussion of mechanisms of controlling charge transfer and tuning the corresponding CTP spectra in bridged nanoparticles as functions of junction conductance and nanoparticle parameters. Furthermore, the active control of reversible switching between capacitive and conductive coupling in plasmonic nanoshell particles and dynamic evolution of related plasmon modes are emphasized. Finally, after highlighting the implication of the CTP resonance shift for surface-based sensing applications, we end up with the current challenges and future outlooks of the topic that need to be addressed.
Structural and spectroscopic studies of nitrogen-carbon monoxide mixtures: Photochemical response and observation of a novel phase
Authors: Ciezak-Jenkins Jennifer A. , Steele Brad A. , Borstad Gustav M. , Oleynik Ivan I.
Published: May 2017

Mixtures of nitrogen and carbon monoxide in two molar compositions (90-10 and 95-5 N2—CO) have been studied with Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and first-principles density functional theory. Near 16 GPa, there is a discontinuous change in the X-ray diffraction patterns indicating a transition to phase I, which is distinct from any known phase of nitrogen. With the help of theory, the X-ray diffraction pattern was indexed to a triclinic unit cell. The evolutionary crystal structure search also identified several metastable stoichiometries of C—O—N phases, which produce distinct signatures in the experimental Raman spectra, thus explaining anomalous Raman behavior. Decompression studies showed that phase I did not persist below the melt line of nitrogen and, as such, it can be concluded that all observations are reversible.
High sensitive and high temporal and spatial resolved image of reactive species in atmospheric pressure surface discharge reactor by laser induced fluorescence
Authors: Gao Liang , Feng Chun-Lei , Wang Zhi-Wei , Ding Hongbin
Published: May 2017

The current paucity of spatial and temporal characterization of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) concentration has been a major hurdle to the advancement and clinical translation of low temperature atmospheric plasmas. In this study, an advanced laser induced fluorescence (LIF) system has been developed to be an effective antibacterial surface discharge reactor for the diagnosis of RONS, where the highest spatial and temporal resolution of the LIF system has been achieved to ∼100 μm scale and ∼20 ns scale, respectively. Measurements on an oxidative OH radical have been carried out as typical RONS for the benchmark of the whole LIF system, where absolute number density calibration has been performed on the basis of the laser Rayleigh scattering method. Requirements for pixel resolved spatial distribution and outer plasma region detection become challenging tasks due to the low RONS concentration (∼ppb level) and strong interference, especially the discharge induced emission and pulsed laser induced stray light. In order to design the highly sensitive LIF system, a self-developed fluorescence telescope, the optimization of high precision synchronization among a tunable pulsed laser, a surface discharge generator, intensified Charge Coupled Device (iCCD) camera, and an oscilloscope have been performed. Moreover, an image BOXCAR approach has been developed to remarkably improve the sensitivity of the whole LIF system by optimizing spatial and temporal gating functions via both hardware and software, which has been integrated into our automatic control and data acquisition system on the LabVIEW platform. In addition, a reciprocation averaging measurement has been applied to verify the accuracy of the whole LIF detecting system, indicating the relative standard deviation of ∼3%.
Near room temperature magnetocaloric properties and the universal curve of MnCoGe1−xCux
Authors: Si Xiaodong , Liu Yongsheng , Lu Xiaofei , Shen Yulong , Wang Wenli , Yu Wenying , Zhou Tao , Gao Tian
Published: May 2017

Intermetallic compounds based on MnCoGe have drawn attention due to the coupled magnetic and structural transformations and the large magnetocaloric entropy. Here, we provide a systematic comparison of experimental data under different magnetic fields with magnetic and the magnetocaloric properties. The ferromagnetic transition temperature (TC) increases from 353.4(6) K for x = 0.01 to 363.4(4) K for x = 0.04 with increasing nominal copper content. The maximum magnetic entropy change |ΔSM| in a magnetic field change of 5 T is found to be 18.3(2) J/(kg K) with a large relative cooling power (RCP) value of 292.5(4) J/kg for x = 0.01, revealing that the present system can provide an acceptable magnetocaloric effect at a cheaper price for magnetic refrigeration materials. Making attempt to contrast a master curve for the present system, we find the experimental values of magnetic field dependence of the magnetic entropy change are consistent with a phenomenological universal curve.
Modification of properties of GaSe⟨β-cyclodexterin⟨FeSO4⟩⟩ Clathrat by synthesis in superposed electric and light-wave fields
Authors: Grygorchak I. I. , Ivashchyshyn F. O. , Tokarchuk M. V. , Pokladok N. T. , Viznovych O. V.
Published: May 2017

A new technological approach to the synthesis of multi-layer nanostructures is suggested; it enables us to ensure them unique properties and extraordinary possibilities of their practical application. In particular, it is shown that the synthesis of nanostructures of GaSe⟨β-cyclodextrin⟨FeSO4⟩⟩ hierarchy architecture in superposed electric and light-wave fields causes especially strong changes in their magnetic impedance response. In this case, the impedance response of the synthesized clathrate takes inductive character in the frequency range of 10−3–105 Hz. The relationship between the impedance behaviour of such hierarchical structures and frequency fractionality is investigated on the basis of Cettano equations. The prospect of application of the synthesized nanohybrids for active elements of gyrator-free nanolines of delay, for super-sensitive capacitance sensors of magnetic field and of light-wave field, and for quantum batteries at room temperature is shown.
On the exactness of effective Floquet Hamiltonians employed in solid-state NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Garg Rajat , Ramachandran Ramesh
Published: May 2017

Development of theoretical models based on analytic theory has remained an active pursuit in molecular spectroscopy for its utility both in the design of experiments as well as in the interpretation of spectroscopic data. In particular, the role of “Effective Hamiltonians” in the evolution of theoretical frameworks is well known across all forms of spectroscopy. Nevertheless, a constant revalidation of the approximations employed in the theoretical frameworks is necessitated by the constant improvements on the experimental front in addition to the complexity posed by the systems under study. Here in this article, we confine our discussion to the derivation of effective Floquet Hamiltonians based on the contact transformation procedure. While the importance of the effective Floquet Hamiltonians in the qualitative description of NMR experiments has been realized in simpler cases, its extension in quantifying spectral data deserves a cautious approach. With this objective, the validity of the approximations employed in the derivation of the effective Floquet Hamiltonians is re-examined through a comparison with exact numerical methods under differing experimental conditions. The limitations arising from the existing analytic methods are outlined along with remedial measures for improving the accuracy of the derived effective Floquet Hamiltonians.
Probability of loops formation in star polymers in long range correlated disorder
Authors: Haydukivska K. , Blavatska V.
Published: May 2017

We analyze the statistics of loops formation in f-branched star polymers in an environment with structural defects, correlated at large distances r according to a power law ∼r−a. Applying the direct polymer renormalization approach, we found the values of the set of universal exponents, governing the scaling of probabilities of various types of loops in macromolecules.
Mechanisms of AZO workfunction tuning for anode use in OLEDs: Surface dipole manipulation with plasma treatments versus nanoscale WOx and VOx interfacial layers
Authors: Jha Jitendra Kumar , Sun Wei , Du Jincheng , Shepherd Nigel D.
Published: May 2017

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) are potential low cost alternative anodes to indium tin oxide (ITO) for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, their smaller workfunctions compared to ITO lead to higher hole injection barriers, and methods of tuning their workfunctions are of significant technological interest. Ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies together with density functional theory based first principles calculations indicate that with CFx plasma treatments, increased workfunction can be achieved by -CF3 or -F adsorption on ZnO surfaces, due to creation of a surface dipole moment with electron transfer to F. Modification of AZO surfaces with nanoscopic (∼3 nm) VOx and WOx layers yielded workfunction increases due to the larger workfunction of the add-layers. Deviations from stoichiometry (oxygen vacancies) result in reduced metal cations (W5+, W4+, V4+, and V3+), leading to partial filling of the metal d band, and formation of associated gap states. Current-voltage characterization of hole-only devices reveals that the increased workfunction of the surface modified anodes facilitated improved band alignment and hole injection compared to as-deposited AZO. The luminous efficiency (LE), power efficiency (PE), and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of OLEDs with AZO/WOx anodes were 62%, 100%, and 85% better than ITO. OLEDs with AZO/VOx anodes exhibited 62%, 75%, and 85% better LE, PE, and EQE, than ITO, respectively. The enhanced performance is ascribed to improved hole injection, charge balance, and radiative recombination efficiency. Thus, the results describe two physical mechanisms by which the workfunction of inexpensive alternatives to ITO can be tuned to yield comparable or enhanced performance.
Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of high quality, high indium composition N-polar InGaN layers for tunnel devices
Authors: Lund Cory , Romanczyk Brian , Catalano Massimo , Wang Qingxiao , Li Wenjun , DiGiovanni Domenic , Kim Moon J. , Fay Patrick , Nakamura Shuji , DenBaars Steven P. , Mishra Umesh K. , Keller Stacia
Published: May 2017

In this study, the growth of high quality N-polar InGaN films by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition is presented with a focus on growth process optimization for high indium compositions and the structural and tunneling properties of such films. Uniform InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well stacks with indium compositions up to 0.46 were grown with local compositional analysis performed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy within a scanning transmission electron microscope. Bright room-temperature photoluminescence up to 600 nm was observed for films with indium compositions up to 0.35. To study the tunneling behavior of the InGaN layers, N-polar GaN/In0.35Ga0.65N/GaN tunnel diodes were fabricated which reached a maximum current density of 1.7 kA/cm2 at 5 V reverse bias. Temperature-dependent measurements are presented and confirm tunneling behavior under reverse bias.
Collisional damping of the geodesic acoustic mode with poloidal rotation
Authors: Xie Baoyi , Guo Wenfeng , Xiang Nong
Published: May 2017

The collisional damping of the geodesic acoustic mode is investigated by using the gyrokinetic equation with a poloidal rotation flow and a number-conserving Krook collision operator. A dispersion relation of the geodesic acoustic mode with poloidal rotation and collision terms is derived and solved both analytically and numerically. It is shown that poloidal rotation has a significant influence on the collisional damping rate of the geodesic acoustic mode within a certain collision rate and safety factor domain. The variation of the damping rate induced by poloidal rotation depends on the safety factor and collision rate. In addition, the effect of poloidal rotation on the geodesic acoustic mode would be weakened by the safety factor, especially when the safety factor is relatively large. The ratio of the collisional damping rate to the collisionless damping rate of the geodesic acoustic mode in the large safety factor domain is performed, and the critical collision rate is estimated. Besides, the physical mechanism of the results is briefly discussed.
Solution for the space-charge-limited current in coaxial vacuum diodes
Authors: Neira E. , Vega F.
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a new relativistic solution for the space-charge-limited current for coaxial vacuum diodes. The solution is deduced using a methodology that combines exact partial solutions and numerical fitting. The expression obtained presents a maximum error of 2% in the verified voltage range from 0 V to 846 MV and the radius ratio from 0.05 to 0.95.
Single-frequency computational imaging using OAM-carrying electromagnetic wave
Authors: Chen Yiling , Zheng Shilie , Jin Xiaofeng , Chi Hao , Zhang Xianmin
Published: May 2017

A concept for single-frequency microwave imaging using orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying wave is introduced. The orthogonality of OAM waves, which is well suited for compressed sensing, enables the reconstruction of a sparse scene with limited measurements. A traveling wave circular slot antenna is demonstrated to generate the OAM carrying wave theoretically and experimentally. Using a set of illumination patterns radiated from the designed OAM antennas as the measurement modes, the echo signals versus OAM modes are acquired and the scene is reconstructed based on computational imaging methods. This microwave imaging scheme is verified by a proof-of-principle experiment at a single frequency without mechanical scanning or beam-forming technologies.