bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel approach for solving decision-making problems with stochastic linear-fractional models
Authors: Laith Watheq , Al-Salih Rasheed , Habeeb Ali
Published: November 2021

Stochastic chance-constrained optimization has a wide range of real-world applications. In some real-world applications, the decision-maker has to formulate the problem as a fractional model where some or all of the coefficients are random variables with joint probability distribution. Therefore, these types of problems can deal with bi-objective problems and reflect system efficiency. In this paper, we present a novel approach to formulate and solve stochastic chance-constrained linear fractional programming models. This approach is an extension of the deterministic fractional model. The proposed approach, for solving these types of stochastic decision-making problems with the fractional objective function, is constructed using the following two-step procedure. In the first stage, we transform the stochastic linear fractional model into two stochastic linear models using the goal programming approach, where the first goal represents the numerator and the second goal represents the denominator for the stochastic fractional model. The resulting stochastic goal programming problem is formulated. The second stage implies solving stochastic goal programming problem, by replacing the stochastic parameters of the model with their expectations. The resulting deterministic goal programming problem is built and solved using Win QSB solver. Then, using the optimal value for the first and second goals, the optimal solution for the fractional model is obtained. An example is presented to illustrate our approach, where we assume the stochastic parameters have a uniform distribution. Hence, the proposed approach for solving the stochastic linear fractional model is efficient and easy to implement. The advantage of the proposed approach is the ability to use it for formulating and solving any decision-making problems with the stochastic linear fractional model based on transforming the stochastic linear model to a deterministic linear model, by replacing the stochastic parameters with their corresponding expectations and transforming the deterministic linear fractional model to a deterministic linear model using the goal programming approach
Devising methods for planning a multifactorial multilevel experiment with high dimensionality
Authors: Raskin Lev , Sira Oksana
Published: November 2021

This paper considers the task of planning a multifactorial multilevel experiment for problems with high dimensionality. Planning an experiment is a combinatorial task. At the same time, the catastrophically rapid growth in the number of possible variants of experiment plans with an increase in the dimensionality of the problem excludes the possibility of solving it using accurate algorithms. On the other hand, approximate methods of finding the optimal plan have fundamental drawbacks. Of these, the main one is the lack of the capability to assess the proximity of the resulting solution to the optimal one. In these circumstances, searching for methods to obtain an accurate solution to the problem remains a relevant task.
Two different approaches to obtaining the optimal plan for a multifactorial multilevel experiment have been considered. The first of these is based on the idea of decomposition. In this case, the initial problem with high dimensionality is reduced to a sequence of problems of smaller dimensionality, solving each of which is possible by using precise algorithms. The decomposition procedure, which is usually implemented empirically, in the considered problem of planning the experiment is solved by employing a strictly formally justified technique. The exact solutions to the problems obtained during the decomposition are combined into the desired solution to the original problem. The second approach directly leads to an accurate solution to the task of planning a multifactorial multilevel experiment for an important special case where the costs of implementing the experiment plan are proportional to the total number of single-level transitions performed by all factors. At the same time, it has been proven that the proposed procedure for forming a route that implements the experiment plan minimizes the total number of one-level changes in the values of factors. Examples of problem solving are given
Analyzing the code structures of multidimensional signals for a continuous information transmission channel
Authors: Berkman Liubov , Turovsky Olexandr , Kyrpach Liudmyla , Varfolomeeva Oksana , Dmytrenko Volodymyr , Pokotylo Oleksii
Published: November 2021

One of the directions to improve the efficiency of modern telecommunication systems is the transition to the use of multidimensional signals for continuous channels of information transmission. As a result of studies carried out in recent years, it has been established that it is possible to ensure high quality of information transmission in continuous channels by combining demodulation and decoding operations into a single procedure that involves the construction of a code construct for a multidimensional signal.
This paper considers issues related to estimating the possibility to improve the efficiency of continuous information transmission channel by changing the signal distance of the code structure.
It has been established that the code structures of such types as a hierarchical code construct of signals, a hierarchical code construct of signals with Euclidean metric, a reversible code construct of signals, a reversible code construct of signals with Euclidean metric have the potential, when used, to increase the speed of information transmission along a continuous channel. With a signal distance reduced by 10 percent or larger, it could increase by two times or faster.
The estimation of the effect of reducing a signal distance on the efficiency of certain types of code structures was carried out. It has been established that the hierarchical reversible code construct, compared to the hierarchical code construct, provides a win of up to two or more times in the speed of information transmission with a halved signal distance. Implementing the modulation procedure has no fundamental difficulties, on the condition that for each code of the code construct the encoding procedure is known when using binary codes. The results reported here make it possible to build an acceptably complex demodulation procedure according to the specified types of code structures
Optimization of the formation technology of tripolyphosphate coating on mild steel
Authors: Kovalenko Vadym , Kotok Valerii
Published: November 2021

Tripolyphosphate conversion coatings are promising due to the active type of anti-corrosion protection. However, to be introduced into production, it is necessary to optimize the technology of tripolyphosphate coating deposition. Coatings were deposited to samples of st05kp cold-rolled sheet steel (analogs G10050, G10060, 1CR, 2CR, D6-2, DG-2) from aqueous solutions of sodium tripolyphosphate (4 %, 6 %, 10 %, 12 %, 14 %) at t=80 °C by dip coating and sputtering. The specific weight and morphology of the coating were determined. The corrosion-protective capability was studied in the G-4 climatic chamber at 90 °C and 100 % humidity using Akimov's test.
The prospects of the dip coating and sputtering methods were shown. It was revealed that in the dip coating method, the specific weight of the coating was 1–4 g/m2 and increased linearly at a rate of 0.3–0.35 g/m2 by 1 % (wt.) Na5P3O10. For the sputtering coating method, it was revealed that at 4–8 % Na5P3O10, the growth rate of the specific weight was 0.2 g/m2 by 1 % Na5P3O10 and the specific weight exceeded that of the coating obtained by the dip coating method, due to accelerated oxygen access and increased coating formation rate. At 10–14 % Na5P3O10, the growth rate of the specific weight was 0.55–0.65 g/m2 by 1 % Na5P3O10. However, the specific weight was lower than that of the coating obtained by the dip coating method, due to the self-compaction of the iron tripolyphosphate matrix and decreased mass of the Na5P3O10 filler.
Using accelerated corrosion testing methods, the optimum Na5P3O10 concentration to obtain a coating with the highest corrosion-protective capability was 6 %–10 % (wt.). The correlation of the protective capability of the coating samples with the coating defects and cracks was revealed
Application of the NARX neural network for predicting a one-dimensional time series
Authors: Serikov Tansaule , Zhetpisbayeva Ainur , Mirzakulova Sharafat , Zhetpisbayev Kairatbek , Ibrayeva Zhanar , Sobolevа Lyudmila , Tolegenova Arai , Zhumazhanov Berik
Published: November 2021

Time series data analysis and forecasting tool for studying the data on the use of network traffic is very important to provide acceptable and good quality network services, including network monitoring, resource management, and threat detection. More and more, the behavior of network traffic is described by the theory of deterministic chaos. The traffic of a modern network has a complex structure, an uneven rate of packet arrival for service by network devices. Predicting network traffic is still an important task, as forecast data provide the necessary information to solve the problem of managing network flows. Numerous studies of actually measured data confirm that they are nonstationary and their structure is multicomponent. This paper presents modeling using Nonlinear Autoregression Exogenous (NARX) algorithm for predicting network traffic datasets. NARX is one of the models that can be used to demonstrate non-linear systems, especially in modeling time series datasets. In other words, they called the categories of dynamic feedback networks covering several layers of the network. An artificial neural network (ANN) was developed, trained and tested using the LM learning algorithm (Levenberg-Macwardt). The initial data for the prediction is the actual measured network traffic of the packet rate. As a result of the study of the initial data, the best value of the smallest mean-square error MSE (Mean Squared Error) was obtained with the epoch value equal to 18. As for the regression R, its output ANN values in relation to the target for training, validation and testing were 0.97743. 0.9638 and 0.94907, respectively, with an overall regression value of 0.97134, which ensures that all datasets match exactly. Experimental results (MSE, R) have proven the method's ability to accurately estimate and predict network traffic
Devising a procedure for calculating the technical condition index of locomotive nodes based on monitoring results
Authors: Bodnar Borys , Ochkasov Oleksandr , Ochkasov Mykhailo
Published: November 2021

The widespread introduction of information technologies in the systems that manage technical fleets, the use of maintenance and repair systems based on risk assessment, is based on the calculation of a large enough number of indicators. Modern locomotives are equipped with systems for monitoring and diagnosing technical condition. Combining these systems with the Internet of Things and Big Data technologies provides an opportunity to use completely new approaches to fleet management. At the initial stage of the construction of such systems, it is necessary to devise criteria that make it possible to automatically determine the technical condition of a locomotive and its components in order to identify the locomotive in the total fleet that requires maintenance or repair.
A procedure has been proposed for calculating the technical condition index of locomotives and their components based on data from monitoring systems. The procedure is based on the formation of latent diagnostic parameters employing the principal component method and on the subsequent calculation of the weight coefficients of these parameters applying the method of hierarchy analysis. The special feature of the proposed procedure is that when calculating the index, those latent diagnostic parameters are used that are derived from the group of control parameters whose weight coefficients are computed using the method of hierarchy analysis without involving experts.
This paper reports the results from calculating the informativeness of the diagnostic parameters of load, loss, input, as well as their weight coefficients. The highest information content, from 0.5 to 0.85, is demonstrated by the load parameter; the smallest (0.05‒0.26) ‒ the input parameter. The average value and the dependences of changes in the technical condition index of a hydraulic transmission during the tests have been determined. Analysis of the technical condition index makes it possible to assess the transmission's response to changes in test modes, the dynamics of changes in losses
Distinguishing of different tissue types using K-Means clustering of color segmentation
Authors: Hussein Zinah R. , Mahameed Ans Ibrahim , Fadhil Jawaher Abdulwahab
Published: November 2021

Millions of lives might be saved if stained tissues could be detected quickly. Image classification algorithms may be used to detect the shape of cancerous cells, which is crucial in determining the severity of the disease. With the rapid advancement of digital technology, digital images now play a critical role in the current day, with rapid applications in the medical and visualization fields. Tissue segmentation in whole-slide photographs is a crucial task in digital pathology, as it is necessary for fast and accurate computer-aided diagnoses. When a tissue picture is stained with eosin and hematoxylin, precise tissue segmentation is especially important for a successful diagnosis. This kind of staining aids pathologists in distinguishing between different tissue types. This work offers a clustering-based color segmentation approach for medical images that can successfully find the core points of clusters through penetrating the red-green-blue (RGB) pairings without previous information. Here, the number of RGB pairs functions as a clusters’ number to increase the accuracy of current algorithms by establishing the automated initialization settings for conventional K-Means clustering algorithms. On a picture of tissue stained with eosin and hematoxylin, the developed K-Means clustering technique is used in this study (H&E). The blue items are found in Cluster 3. There are things in both light and dark blue. The results showed that the proposed technique can differentiate light blue from dark blue employing the 'L*' layer in L*a*b* Color Space (L*a*b* CS). The work recognized the cells' nuclei with a dark blue color successfully. As a result, this approach may aid in precisely diagnosing the stage of tumor invasion and guiding clinical therapies
Modification of gas condensate gasoline by single atomic alcohols with the use of cavitation
Authors: Kudryavtsev Sergey , Tselishchev Oleksii , Loriia Maryna , Bura Yevhen , Tselishcheva Maryna
Published: November 2021

The process of modification of gas condensate gasolines with monohydric alcohols with subsequent cavitation treatment of these mixtures has been investigated. The expediency of using alcohol additives in fuels and the relevance of introducing into gasoline production such chemical technologies that use cavitation processing of raw materials and selective energy supply to the reaction zone have been substantiated. The expediency of the production of high-octane gasolines on the basis of a combination of the processes of mechanical mixing of hydrocarbon gasolines with alcohols and the processes of cavitation treatment of alcohol-gasoline mixtures is also substantiated. The description of the laboratory setup and the experimental methodology is given. The influence of the intensity of cavitation treatment on the increase in the octane number is studied and it is proved that there is some optimal intensity at which a constant value of the octane number of the mixture is achieved.
With an increase in the content of bioethanol in the mixture, the number of cavitation cycles (intensity) required to achieve the steady-state value of the octane number decreases from 8 cycles of gas condensate without bioethanol to 4 cycles with a bioethanol content of 3% and more. To achieve the octane number of the mixture corresponding to gasoline A-92 and A-95, it is necessary to add 2% and 5% bioethanol, respectively. It is shown that the use of cavitation can increase the octane number up to 2.6 points in comparison with simple mechanical mixing of alcohol and gasoline. A comparison is made of the efficiency of using bioethanol and isobutanol for modifying gas condensate gasoline in a cavitation field. The effect of cavitation on the octane number was studied with a change in the concentration of alcohol in the mixture.
A new way of modifying low-octane motor gasolines with bio-ethanol and other mixtures of alcohols of biochemical origin, which contain water impurities, is shown
Improving a method for determining the maneuvering intensity of the executive element of a special-purpose system
Authors: Hohoniants Spartak , Repilo Iurii , Tytarenko Oleksandr , Kokoiko Andrii , Golovchenko Oleg
Published: November 2021

The purpose of improving a method is to devise a tool for resolving contradictions in the practice of conflict events related to increasing the survivability and effectiveness of participation in a conflict event. A method for forecasting the survivability indicators of a special-purpose system based on the method of analytical-stochastic modeling of a conflict event was chosen as the basis for improvement.
The improved method is intended to find a compromise between the need to increase the duration of participation in the conflict and minimize the time of being at risk of loss of ability to function.
The use of the improved method, unlike the existing ones, provides an assessment of the impact of maneuver on the effectiveness of the implementation of tasks and the survivability of SPS. The method implies justifying the techniques for the executive elements to maneuver in order to create favorable conditions and effectively perform tasks in a conflict event.
The method involves the procedure for the formation of initial data; determining the maneuvering intensity of executive elements; comparing the parameters for expedient (rational) and implemented maneuvering techniques; the generalization of the research results.
The accepted indicators of the effectiveness and survivability of a special-purpose system in a conflict event are the mathematical expectations of the number of destructive influences and the number of preserved executive elements as a function of the intensity of maneuvering. The criteria defined for assessing the maneuvering techniques are the greatest values of the increase in efficiency and survivability with the change in the intensity of maneuvering and taking the favorable position by an executive element in a conflict event.
The specified method has helped investigate the peculiarities of changing performance and survivability indicators dependent on the intensity of maneuvering and determine the criteria signs for selecting maneuvering techniques.
Based on the signs of informativeness and the nature of the mutual influence of the relevant indicators, the advantage of the method is 30 % while the objectivity of taking into consideration significant factors increases by 15 %.
Practice needs to predict the consequences of processes of conflicting nature on the grounds of the effectiveness and survivability of its participants
Development of the classifier based on a multilayer perceptron using genetic algorithm and cart decision tree
Authors: Dobrovska Lyudmila , Nosovets Olena
Published: November 2021

The problem of developing universal classifiers of biomedical data, in particular those that characterize the presence of a large number of parameters, inaccuracies and uncertainty, is urgent. Many studies are aimed at developing methods for analyzing these data, among them there are methods based on a neural network (NN) in the form of a multilayer perceptron (MP) using GA.
The question of the application of evolutionary algorithms (EA) for setting up and learning the neural network is considered.
Theories of neural networks, genetic algorithms (GA) and decision trees intersect and penetrate each other, new developed neural networks and their applications constantly appear.
An example of a problem that is solved using EA algorithms is considered. Its goal is to develop and research a classifier for the diagnosis of breast cancer, obtained by combining the capabilities of the multilayer perceptron using the genetic algorithm (GA) and the CART decision tree.
The possibility of improving the classifiers of biomedical data in the form of NN based on GA by applying the process of appropriate preparation of biomedical data using the CART decision tree has been established.
The obtained results of the study indicate that these classifiers show the highest efficiency on the set of learning and with the minimum reduction of Decision Trees; increasing the number of contractions usually degrades the simulation result. On two datasets on the test set, the simulation accuracy was »83–87 %.
The experiments carried out have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method for the synthesis of neural networks and make it possible to recommend it for practical use in processing data sets for further diagnostics, prediction, or pattern recognition
Development and research of the influence of the composition and concentration of activators on the strength of phosphorus slag binders
Authors: Mahambetova Ultuar , Estemesov Zatkali , Nuranbayeva Bulbul , Sadykov Pernekhan , Mamyrbayev Orken , Oralbekova Dina
Published: November 2021

The paper discusses various ways of activating phosphorus slags by introducing additives for the development of phosphorus slag binders (PSB), replacing cement. Considering that pseudowollastonite is the main mineral of phosphorus slags and without activating components does not possess the binding properties necessary for the production of building materials based on them, we used compositions of small amounts of sodium hydroxide with alkali metal salts, the anions of which form poorly soluble compounds with calcium. When choosing activating components, scarce alkaline additives were replaced by waste from chemical plants, which allows a passing solution of their practical use and environmental problems.
The strength at a sodium hydroxide content of 1–4 % after curing of slag samples of various batches was in the range of 50.0–70.0 MPa. Samples of binders of normal hardening at the age of 28 days with a sodium hydroxide content of 0.5; 1.0, 2 and 4 % had the strength of 20.3; 35.4; 45.6; 55.8 MPa, respectively. The effect of the combined presence of alkali and salt is especially noticeable for small amounts of sodium hydroxide. Binders containing a composition of cement with salts under normal conditions and after curing showed a slightly lower strength than in an alkaline medium. With a constant cement content (4 %), the strength indicators increase with an increase in the proportion of the salt additive, reaching at 4 % its maximum value. The effect of the nature of activators on pH was determined. The data obtained indicate the advantages of using PSB and various industrial wastes with a low content of alkaline compounds in the production
Building a mathematical model of technological processes in the acetic acid synthesis reactor
Authors: Samojlova Zhanna
Published: November 2021

The result of the study reported in this paper is the proposed mathematical model of technological processes occurring in the reactor for acetic acid synthesis. The initial parameters of the reactor considered were the value of the concentration of acetic acid at the reactor outlet, temperature, the level of reaction mass, and pressure in the reactor. The input parameters included the amount of methanol and carbon monoxide supplied. Material and thermal balances of reactor technological processes were used to construct the mathematical model of the reactor. Fisher criterion was applied to test the mathematical model for adequacy. At the specified 5 % level of significance, the value of Fisher criterion for the concentration of acetic acid, temperature, and the level of reaction mass in the reactor does not exceed its critical value for a stationary mode. The reproducibility of the modeling results was tested using the Cochran criterion. The value of the Cochrane criterion, at the predefined 5 % level of significance, for the concentration of acetic acid, temperature, and the level of reaction mass in the reactor does not exceed its critical value for different modes. The relative error for the modeled output parameters was calculated. The relative error of the initial parameters did not exceed the level of 10 %. The model built makes it possible to calculate with satisfactory accuracy the value of the concentration of acetic acid at the reactor output, the temperature and level of the reaction mass in the reactor under a stationary mode. The resulting model could be used to automate the control of technological processes in the acetic acid synthesis reactor under a stationary mode. The study results open additional opportunities to manage the stationary mode of the reactor
Determining patterns in reducing the level of bio-destruction of thermally modified timber after applying protective coatings
Authors: Tsapko Yuriy , Horbachova Oleksandra , Mazurchuk Serhii , Tsapko Аleksii , Sokolenko Kostiantyn , Matviichuk Andrii
Published: November 2021

This paper reports the analysis of the biological destruction of timber and the use of protective materials, which established that the scarcity of data to explain and describe the process of bioprotection, neglect of environmentally friendly agents lead to the biodegradation of timber structures under the action of microorganisms. Devising reliable methods for studying the conditions of timber protection leads to designing new types of protective materials and application technologies. Therefore, it becomes necessary to determine the conditions for the formation of a barrier for bacteria permeability and to establish a mechanism for inhibiting material biodegradation. Given this, the dependence has been derived to determine the proportion of destroyed material under the effect of microorganisms when using an antiseptic-hydrophobicizer, which makes it possible to evaluate biopenetration. Based on the experimental data and theoretical dependences, the share of destroyed timber was determined under the effect of microorganisms, which is equal to 1 for natural timber. At the same time, this value for thermally modified timber is 0.033, and, when it is protected with oil ‒ 0.009, respectively, exposed to the action of microorganisms for 60 days. It should be noted that the presence of oil, wax, and azure leads to blocking the timber surface from penetration. Such a mechanism underlying the effect of protective coating is likely the factor in the process adjustment, due to which the integrity of the object is preserved. Thus, a polymer shell was created on the surface of the sample, significantly reducing the penetration of microorganisms inside the timber, while the loss of timber mass during biodestruction did not exceed 2.5 %. Therefore, there are grounds to assert the possibility of targeted control over the processes of timber bio-penetration by using coatings capable of forming a protective film on the surface of the material
Determining the speed and acceleration of the separator for grass leaf part in horizontal and vertical directions
Authors: Abilzhanuly Tokhtar , Keshuov Seitkazy , Rzaliyev Askar , Zhortuylov Omirserik , Zhumatay Gani , Abilzhanov Daniyar , Karmanov Darkhan , Boranbayev Bauyrzhan
Published: November 2021

Vitamin-grass flour is the main component of mixed fodders intended for all types of livestock and poultry. Earlier and currently, the vitamin-grass flour has been prepared from legumes by a high-temperature drying technique. However, existing techniques have high operating costs and require very expensive technical tools.
To reduce the specific operating costs and the price of equipment in the production of VGF, a technique has been proposed that involves the main drying of grass to a moisture content of 30‒35 % on a swath while the post-drying of grass is performed in a small-sized channel under the haystack without air heating. Next, the dried mass is pre-crushed. At the same time, the delicate leaf part of the hay, while falling between the side walls of hammers and counter-hammers, is ground and finely crushed, and the stems are processed into large fractions. From pre-crushed hay, the leaf part is separated and fed into the crusher to produce flour.
In this case, the main machine that determines the performance of the line is the separator of the leaf part of the grass.
The results of the theoretical research have established the speed and acceleration of hay movement on the surface of the sieve. These values determine the productivity of separation of the leaf part from pre-crushed hay and the reliability of the selected structural and technological scheme of the separator. The production tests have confirmed the reliability and economic efficiency of the proposed technique. Comparing the proposed technique for obtaining vitamin-grass flour by existing high-temperature methods has shown that the carotene content in flour was 1.6 times higher while the specific operating costs and equipment price were 6‒7 times lower
Devising a method for the formation of sustainable chains of supply of raw materials from mercantile exchange to a timber processing enterprise considering uncertainties and risks
Authors: Mazelis Lev , Rogulin Rodion
Published: November 2021

The relevant problem of guaranteed supply of high-quality raw materials to a timber processing enterprise that does not have its own sources of raw materials is considered. A method for the formation of sustainable chains of supplying raw materials to a timber processing enterprise was proposed, taking into consideration uncertainties and risks associated with the purchase of raw materials on the mercantile exchange and the implementation of the circuit of delivery to a warehouse. A dynamic model, which is a problem of stochastic nonlinear programming, the objective function of which is the cost of purchasing raw materials, was developed. The model makes it possible to form a plan for purchasing raw materials on the timber section of the mercantile exchange on a given planning horizon, taking into consideration uncertainties when it comes to the number of daily offers, their volumes, and prices. The risk of cancellation of the concluded contract due to the loss of the quality of raw materials during delivery and non-fulfillment of delivery terms was also taken into consideration. To find a solution to the model, a two-stage circuit, in which the first stage involves a procurement plan that is close to optimal, was proposed. At the second stage, a plan that is closest to the basic one in terms of the volume of purchased raw materials and minimizing the total costs is chosen for each day of implementation of a random flow of applications. The numerical solution at the first stage is found using the heuristic algorithm that uses the branch and bound method and the genetic algorithm at certain steps. At the second stage, the multi-criteria problem of mathematical programming is solved numerically. An example of the formation by a timber processing enterprise in the Far East of a suboptimal procurement plan that ensures an increase in the efficiency and sustainability of economic activity in the long term is considered
Designing capacitive deionization module for water treatment systems at car washers
Authors: Kudin Dmytro , Taran Grigoriy , Bazhynov Olexiy , Kravtsov Mikhail
Published: November 2021

It is impossible to effectively use water with a high salt content at car washes. In many places, access to water with a high salt content is almost unlimited but its utilization requires deionization. For this purpose, several methods are used, the main of which are reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, ion exchange methods, and distillation. However, they have significant drawbacks. Recently, the technology of capacitive deionization of water has been widely used, based on the removal of salt ions from the solution during the charge/discharge of "double" electric layers of carbon materials with a significant active surface (800‒2,000 m2/g). Theoretically, this process should be more energy efficient by using a low potential voltage (1–2 V). This paper considers the interrelation of physical parameters that affect the process of capacitive deionization of water. The dependences of voltage drop on serial internal resistance on different concentrations of sodium chloride and the distance between electrodes for electrodes based on the material SAUT-1S (Belarus) have been investigated. It is shown that the main contribution to the sequential internal resistance is introduced by the resistance of the electrolyte. As the distance between the electrodes increases, the voltage drop on the serial internal resistance increases linearly. A decrease in the concentration of ions leads to a decrease in the conductivity of the solution, which causes an increase in energy consumption and a decrease in the efficiency of sorption. It has been demonstrated that the voltage drop at the serial internal resistance when the voltage on the electrodes is limited, which is set in order to avoid the transition of the electrode charging mode to the electrolysis of water, causes a significant drop in the efficiency of the capacitive deionization process
Development of doctrinal model for state financial security management and forecasting its level
Authors: Poltorak Anastasiia , Potryvaieva Natalia , Kuzoma Vitalii , Volosyuk Yuriy , Bobrovska Nadia
Published: November 2021

A doctrinal model of state financial security management in the context of globalization changes has been developed. The model is formed at five levels (doctrinal, conceptual, strategic, programmatic, planned), contains a logical continuum of mission, priorities in the financial sector and the level of technological innovation, influencing factors and a system of actions aimed at achieving goals. This model accumulates a set of solutions aimed at adapting to transformational processes in the economy associated with new needs of states, globalization processes in the world financial space, technology development, new challenges and threats.
As a result of the study, forecasting is carried out and the effectiveness of the results of modifying approaches to managing the financial security of the state using a polynomial algorithm for extrapolating the parameters of stochastic systems is proved. A polynomial correlation-regression model is presented, the input data of which were specific indicators of the effectiveness of innovative development of the state, perception of corruption and debt dependence. In fact, this is a set of those indicators at which the strategic directions of strengthening the financial security of the state are directed in the context of globalization changes.
The generalized values of the state of financial security of the state, determined on the basis of the developed polynomial correlation-regression model, are obtained, as well as the absolute and relative amounts of error indicate the accuracy of the forecasts obtained. So, the mean level of error is 0.005 %, which means that the totality of these indicators can characterize the state of financial security of the state. Accordingly, this model is useful in the process of predicting the results of modifying approaches to the formation of the financial security of the state
Improvement of the model of object recognition in aero photographs using deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Slyusar Vadym , Protsenko Mykhailo , Chernukha Anton , Kovalov Pavlo , Borodych Pavlo , Shevchenko Serhii , Chernikov Oleksandr , Vazhynskyi Serhii , Bogatov Oleg , Khrustalev Kirill
Published: November 2021

Detection and recognition of objects in images is the main problem to be solved by computer vision systems. As part of solving this problem, the model of object recognition in aerial photographs taken from unmanned aerial vehicles has been improved. A study of object recognition in aerial photographs using deep convolutional neural networks has been carried out. Analysis of possible implementations showed that the AlexNet 2012 model (Canada) trained on the ImageNet image set (China) is most suitable for this problem solution. This model was used as a basic one. The object recognition error for this model with the use of the ImageNet test set of images amounted to 15 %. To solve the problem of improving the effectiveness of object recognition in aerial photographs for 10 classes of images, the final fully connected layer was modified by rejection from 1,000 to 10 neurons and additional two-stage training of the resulting model. Additional training was carried out with a set of images prepared from aerial photographs at stage 1 and with a set of VisDrone 2021 (China) images at stage 2. Optimal training parameters were selected: speed (step) (0.0001), number of epochs (100). As a result, a new model under the proposed name of AlexVisDrone was obtained.
The effectiveness of the proposed model was checked with a test set of 100 images for each class (the total number of classes was 10). Accuracy and sensitivity were chosen as the main indicators of the model effectiveness. As a result, an increase in recognition accuracy from 7 % (for images from aerial photographs) to 9 % (for the VisDrone 2021 set) was obtained which has indicated that the choice of neural network architecture and training parameters was correct. The use of the proposed model makes it possible to automate the process of object recognition in aerial photographs.
In the future, it is advisable to use this model at ground stations of unmanned aerial vehicle complex control when processing aerial photographs taken from unmanned aerial vehicles, in robotic systems, in video surveillance complexes and when designing unmanned vehicle systems
Determination of productivity of milking cows and emissions of greenhouse gases from organic waste with different approaches to the organization of the technology of their feeding
Authors: Zolotarov Andriy , Piskun Viktor , Pilipcenko Angrej , Rudenko Evqen , Zolotarova Svitlana , Trishin Aleksei , Yatsenko Yuriy
Published: November 2021

The analysis of approaches to reduce the consumption of fodder protein and greenhouse gas emissions from organic waste in milk production is carried out, and the need to determine these indicators for various approaches to organizing the technology of their feeding is established.
An increase in the content of difficult-to-digest protein in the diets of high-yielding cows made it possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions per head per day by 14.12 % in CO2 equivalent when using 1.5 kg of TEP-mix in the ration of cows. When using 1.0 kg of TEP-mix, this figure was 6.44 %. In terms of 1 kg of milk with basic fat content, these indicators are 26.72 % and 12.98 %, respectively.
A multicriteria analysis of milk production with different approaches to organizing the technology of feeding dairy cows and, in particular, when using the additive TEP-mix with a protected protein showed a significant advantage of research option No. 1 (1.5 kg of TEP-mix). For it, the objective function according to the considered criteria is the smallest and amounts to 0.039 in comparison with the idealized variant. At the same time, the target function of the control variant (without TEP-mix) is 2.67 times worse, and for the experimental variant No. 2 (1.0 kg of TEP-mix) this indicator is 2.12.
The use of TEP-mix in feeding cows provided an increase in their milk productivity, milk fat and protein content and, as a result, the profitability of milk production.
The studies have found that the use of the proposed approaches to the organization of the technology of feeding cows provides an increase in their productivity, a decrease in the cost of feed protein and an improvement in environmental protection. According to the authors, this is due to an increase in the content of difficult-to-digest protein in the diets of high-yielding cows
Improvement of electromagnetic compatibility and efficiency of power supply circuits of electric arc furnaces in nonlinear asymmetric modes
Authors: Turkovskyi Volodymyr , Malinovskyi Anton , Muzychak Andrii , Turkovskyi Оlexandr
Published: November 2021

AC steel arc furnaces are the most powerful units connected to the electrical grid, the operating mode of which is dynamic, asymmetrical and non-linear. That is why these furnaces cause the entire possible range of negative effects on the quality of electricity in the grid, in particular, fluctuations, asymmetry and non-sinusoidal voltage.Known proposals for improving the electromagnetic compatibility of electric arc furnaces are mainly focused on eliminating the consequences of their ne­gative impact on the power grid.The proposed approach and the corresponding technical solution are aimed at reducing the level of generation of a negative factor and at the same time reduce fluctuations, asymmetry and non-sinusoidal voltage. This result is obtained due to the fact that the proposed solution takes into account the peculiari­ties of the range of modes natural for arc furnaces. Optimal for such consumers is the use of a constant current power supply system I=const in the range of modes from operational short circuit to maximum load and the system U=const in the whole other range of modes. The implementation of such a system is carried out on the basis of a resonant converter «constant current – constant voltage».Studies have found that the use of such a power supply system, in comparison with the traditional circuit, makes it possible to reduce the non-sinusoidal voltage in a low-power grid from 3.2 % to 2.1 % and the unbalance coefficient from 3.66 to 1.35 %. Previously published data on a significant reduction in voltage fluctuations was also confirmed.The positive effect of such a system on the energy performance of the furnace itself is shown, manifes­ted in an increase in the arc power by 12.5 %, and the electrical efficiency by 5.1 %. This improves the productivity and efficiency of electric arc furnaces
Development of a method for targeted financing of economy sectors through capital investment in the innovative development
Authors: Levchenko Iaroslava , Losonczi Peter , Britchenko Igor , Vazov Radostin , Zaiats Olga , Volodavchyk Viktoriia , Humeniuk Iryna , Shumilo Oleksii
Published: November 2021

The problem of targeted financing of economic sectors is considered. The method of targeted financing of sectors of the economy through investment in innovative development is proposed. On the basis of statistical data on the performance indicators of the sectors of the economy, the calculation of indicators of their innovative potential was carried out, based on the volume of sold innovative products (goods, services) by type of economic activity. In order to stimulate sectors of the economy by investing in innovative development, it is proposed to introduce targeted financing of the latter. The problem of quantitative assessment of targeted financing of economic sectors by means of investment in innovative development based on an integrated approach has been solved. According to the results obtained, sectors of the economy that are identified as the most risky and have the potential for innovative development fall under targeted financing.
The proposed technique was tested by an experimental method. On the basis of an integrated approach for the indicators of the riskiness of the economic sector and the indicator of the innovative potential of the economic sector, targeted financing for 3 sectors of the economy (namely: P, N, M, L and J) was determined. Sector P will receive more targeted funding, while sectors N, M, L and J will receive less targeted funding, respectively. The size of these parts will be 47.30 %, 22.31 %, 13.48 %, 9.56 % and 7.34 %, respectively, of 100 % S.
The results of the study are of practical interest for government bodies (local, territorial, etc.) in the distribution of funds according to the vector of targeted financing of sectors of the economy through investment in innovative development. Practically valuable for researchers who deal with issues of financial security, targeted financing and public administration
Determination of the effect of thickness reduction ratio, die angle, and coefficient of friction on residual stresses in ironing process: an analysis using computer simulation
Authors: Faizin Akhmad , I Made Londen Batan , Pramono Agus Sigit , Wahjudi Arif
Published: November 2021

Ironing is a part of the group of metal forming processes, the process of reducing the thickness of the wall of a cup-shaped product. External load required to process metal forming, can cause residual stress. Residual stress can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the function of the product, the magnitude, and direction of the residual stress. Residual stress can act as an additional load on a given load. Residual stress can affect product quality, namely: dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, and mechanical properties. The speed of the ironing process is strongly influenced by the mechanical properties of the cup material, Thickness Reduction Ratio (TRR), and press tool design. The ironing process has a limited TRR value and if it is exceeded it results in product damage. Various studies on ironing were carried out to obtain an optimal process. In this research, stress analysis was carried out using the ANSYS software modeling simulation to obtain the occurring residual stress during the ironing process. The analysis was carried out by varying the TRR from 20 % to 30 %, the die angle from 25° to 30°, and the coefficient of friction from 0.05 to 0.15. Furthermore, processing and analysis of the stress analysis data are carried out to obtain the most dominant variables affecting the residual stress and the variable value that produces the lowest residual stress. Stress analysis was carried out on AA1100 aluminum cups with an outer diameter of 37 mm, a height of 20 mm, and a wall thickness of 2 mm. The results show that TRR and coefficient of friction are the most dominant variables affecting residual stress, while die angle has no significant effect. The lowest residual stress occurs at TRR 30 % and coefficient of friction 0.15