bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ TÜKETİMİNİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ VE ÇEVRESEL KUZNETS EĞRİSİ HİPOTEZİ: OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: İŞCAN İsmail Hakkı , DEMİREL Tuğba
Published: September 2023

Sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma için enerji önemli bir unsur olduğu kadar ekonomik büyüme ile çevresel kalite arasındaki ilişki de yıllardır tartışılan bir konudur. Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi Hipotezine göre kısa vadede ekonomik büyüme ve çevresel kirlilik arasında doğru yönlü ilişki olmasına karşın uzun vadede bu ilişki ters yönlü bir şekil almaktadır. Bu durum, hem sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyümeyi sağlamak ve hem de çevre kirliliğini önlemek için ülkelerin yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yönelmesini önemli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki temel sorunsal, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımındaki artışların, uzun dönemde ekonomik büyüme üzerine ne gibi bir etkisinin olacağıdır. Bu sorunsal karşısında, çalışmada 2021 yılında toplam enerji tüketimi içerisindeki yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi payının, dünya ortalamasının üzerinde olan ülkelerden seçilmiş 28 OECD ülkesinin 1995-2020 dönemi yenilenebilir enerji tüketimleri ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin tespiti için panel veri analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre yenilenebilir enerji tüketimindeki %1‘lik artış, GSYİH’yı %0.19 oranında artırmaktadır. Bu sonuç Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi Hipotezinin ortaya koyduğu gelir değişimi ve çevre kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi de dolaylı olarak doğrulamaktadır. Ayrıca yine çalışma ile elde edilen sonuçlara göre yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişki söz konusudur.
Status and prospects for the development of mobile power sources
Authors: Sleptsov V. V. , Kozhitov L. V. , Diteleva A. O. , Kukushkin D. Yu. , Popkova A. V.
Published: September 2023

The physicochemical foundations of the basic structures and technologies for the production of promising electrolytic cells for the accumulation of electrical energy with a specific energy intensity for reusable cells of 350–500 W  ⋅ h/kg at the first stage and 1000 W  ⋅ h/kg at the second stage have been developed. Along with traditional chemical current sources and ionistors, supercapacitive capacitor structures with a thin dielectric in a double electric layer and hybrid capacitors appear, in which energy is accumulated both in a double electric layer and due to electrochemical processes. This approach makes it possible to reduce the internal resistance of electrolytic cells, which leads to a decrease in heat generation during operation and, accordingly, an increase in specific energy consumption, operational safety, a decrease in charging time, and an increase in specific power. A promising anode is a nanostructured electrode material, which is a carbon-based matrix filled with a nanostructured reactive material. Promising materials for filling the carbon matrix are Li and its alloys, Si, Al, Na, Sn, Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, Ag, and a number of other materials and their compounds. The influence of the specific area of the carbon material, dielectric constant, addition of a chemically active substance on the specific energy consumption has been studied. The theoretical values of the specific energy capacity of hybrid capacitors with a metal-air system are calculated. A thin-film technological complex has been developed that ensures the creation of a new generation of electrode materials, the design of which is a carbon matrix with a highly developed surface, in which there is a tunnel-thin dielectric, on the surface of which a chemically active material is placed.
Percepciones del profesorado sobre factores extracognitivos en la enseñanza virtual durante la pandemia
Authors: Andrés Gonzalo D. , Macbeth Guillermo E. , San-Martín Patricia S.
Published: September 2023

La pandemia de la covid-19 provocó que se instaurara en Argentina durante el 2020 la modalidad a distancia para continuar las clases en el sistema universitario. En este artículo se presenta un estudio sobre las percepciones y perspectivas del profesorado de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos sobre esta virtualización educativa de emergencia. La metodología se enmarca en el estudio de caso; para la recolección de la información se recurrió a una encuesta virtual y se efectuó un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de las respuestas. Se implementó un análisis estadístico de patrones de uso del lenguaje mediante el programa Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count para examinar los procesos afectivos, cognitivos y sociales vinculados al uso de las tecnologías durante la pandemia. Los resultados indican que, si bien el profesorado contaba con tecnologías disponibles, tenía habilidades para su uso y disponía del entorno virtual institucional, en ese momento se manifestaron dificultades emergentes relacionadas con sus condiciones de habitabilidad y con las posibilidades de organización espaciotemporal para realizar el teletrabajo. Se concluye que factores extracognitivos, como las condiciones domésticas y las percepciones sobre la virtualidad en la enseñanza, son dos aspectos insoslayables para avanzar hacia modalidades con mayor grado de mediatización durante la pospandemia.
Élites y tributación: percepciones del empresariado cordobés en torno a los impuestos
Authors: Santa-Cruz Paulina
Published: September 2023

Para analizar la configuración y las transformaciones de los sistemas impositivos en Latinoamérica, resulta imprescindible conocer cómo perciben los impuestos quienes tributan. Este artículo retoma las discusiones sobre las élites económicas y los sistemas tributarios en la región, a fin de explorar las percepciones sobre los impuestos de la élite económica de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Utilizando un recorte posicional que propone definir a las élites de acuerdo con posiciones institucionales, se realizaron 23 entrevistas a empresarios/as cordobeses que participaron en la campaña “Córdoba, acá estamos”. Se resalta que ellos ocupan posiciones heterogéneas en la estructura productiva, pero sostienen percepciones homogéneas en torno a los impuestos. Además, se reconocen cuestionamientos morales y económicos de los empresarios al sistema tributario, los primeros denotan una postura de voz moral del empresariado, mientras que los segundos se apoyan en esquemas del saber experto neoclásico y circulan en cuanto sentido común entre los entrevistados. Se concluye que las objeciones morales muestran los alcances de la agencia empresaria como capacidad del empresariado para decir y ser escuchado en temas sociales y políticos. Asimismo, se plantea que los cuestionamientos económicos expresan el límite de la agencia empresaria, ya que la adopción de esquemas técnico-económicos como sentido común obstaculiza la tematización de hechos, experiencias y sujetos fuera de los conceptos de la economía neoclásica.
South African courts' differing approaches to determining children's views in family law matters
Authors: Uys Alet Magdaleen
Published: September 2023

The United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989 (CRC), the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, 1990 (ACRWC) and sections 6(5), 10, and 31(1)(a) of the Children's Act 38 of 2005 (Children's Act) place an obligation on South African courts to determine children's views in their parents' family law matters. This article analyses thirteen judgments stretching from 2003 - 2020 and one 2018 psychological study in relation to parenting plans to ascertain how South African courts determine children's views and wishes in practice. The judgments selected relate to divorces and disputes regarding children's primary residence and care and contact (custody and access disputes), disputes where a parent intends emigrating with children, and matters were a parent abducted a child. The judgments indicate courts have diverging approaches to determining children's views and wishes in family law matters. The 2018 psychological study found legal practitioners unfortunately fail to take into account children's inputs for purposes of drafting their parents' parenting plans. In light of courts' diverging approaches to determining a child's voice in their parents' litigious matters, as well as the current complete lack of guidelines in this regard, there is a need to amend the Children's Act to assist courts with particular regulations or guidelines in this regard. If courts are equipped with guidelines to direct their determination of children's views and wishes in family law matters, this will result in a more certain, and more congruent approach and most importantly, it will assist courts to pay heed to their duty to properly hear the voice of the child.
The regulation of cryptocurrencies to combat money laundering crimes in South African banking institutions
Authors: Ncube Princess Thembelihle , Kabwe Ruddy
Published: September 2023

Cryptocurrencies have become an increasingly popular means of conducting financial transactions globally, and South African banking institutions have not been immune to this trend. However, the pseudonymous nature of cryptocurrency transactions has made it an attractive tool for money laundering activities. In response, there is a growing need for South African regulators to establish a legal framework to regulate the use of cryptocurrency to combat money laundering crimes by banking institutions. While the recent amendments to the Financial Intelligence Centre Act 38 of 2001 (as amended) regarding cryptocurrencies are commendable, it is not without deficiencies. The purpose of this article is threefold. First, it examines the current state of cryptocurrency regulation in South Africa. Second, it explores the vulnerabilities that expose the banking system to money laundering using cryptocurrencies. Third, it highlights the need for further development and implementation of regulatory measures to address vulnerabilities identified in this article. This article argues that the current lack of a comprehensive regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies in South Africa leaves the banking system open to potential abuse. The article suggests that South African regulators should focus on three key areas to combat money laundering activities related to cryptocurrency. First, regulatory measures should be implemented to identify and verify the identities of cryptocurrency traders and investors. Second, measures should be put in place to monitor the flow of cryptocurrency transactions and detect suspicious activities. Third, the digital wallets of crypto users should be managed by South African banking institutions.
Decolonial turn of collective occupations in post-apartheid South Africa: Young people's voices of occupational legacy
Authors: Mthembu Thuli Godfrey , Julius Whelan Gwendean , Havenga Kristen , Mwadira Irvin Thabang , Oliver Kayla , Alexander Megan
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Collective occupations are a vital part of the post-apartheid South African context because they enable parents and grandparents to pass on their legacies to the young people in families and communities. However, there are social inter-generational problems such as corruption, unemployment, family conflicts and poverty that disrupt the actions of inculcating occupational legacy AIM: This study explored young people's voices of occupational legacy in a post-apartheid South African context METHOD: A socio-narratology qualitative inquiry was employed to gain insight from eight participants who were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which were analysed thematically in a credible process RESULTS: Five themes that amalgamated collective occupations with occupational legacy were identified: decoloniality of 'knowledge generation and transfer', decoloniality of 'doing', decoloniality of 'being', decoloniality of 'becoming' and decoloniality of 'belonging' CONCLUSION: The findings add to our understanding of the power of occupational legacy in ameliorating the problematic situations that enabled the young people's continuity, social change and transformation through collective occupations. It is evident in the findings that the young people exerted maximal efforts to engage in occupational decision-making activities that were guided by the available opportunities so they may transition to the different contexts.
A qualitative investigation of the occupational stress in the hospitality and tourism industry in Bahrain during COVID-19
Authors:   10.17323/2312-5942-2023-13-2-64-77, Ayari Asma
Published: September 2023

Purpose. Workplace stress is a big challenge for employees and organizations. This research explores employees’ stressors working in Bahrain’s hospitality and tourism industry during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study design. First, a questionnaire was distributed to 172 employees, which helped to assess employees’ stress levels. Then 18 semi-directive interviews were conducted, and the data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Following the usual content analysis method, an analysis grid was made by switching back and forth between the corpus and the definition of categories. Findings. The study’s results highlighted new occupational stressors: “the pandemic stressors” and their effects on Bahraini tourism and hospitality professionals. The COVID-19 pandemic stressors are more specific to the context of the health crisis, such as the intolerance of uncertainty, isolation and social distancing, the risk of contamination, and job security. Value of the results. The results of this paper revealed different stressors related to the job and stressors specific to the pandemic. The findings will help managers implement preventive measures to reduce the spread of infection, protect workers, and improve employees’ well-being in the context of the pandemic. The results can also help set up procedures to manage crises in the future.
Optical spectroscopic analysis, supercapacitance, photocatalysis of BaTixFe12-(4/3)xO19 hexagonal nanoparticles
Authors: Amina Ibrahim Ghoneim
Published: September 2023

Obviously, BaTixFe12-(4/3)xO19 Hexagonal nanocrystals are excellent candidates as photocatalysts in water purification, as well as using them as electrode materials for supercapacitors and energy storage applications. M-Type Hexagonal nanoparticles (BaTixFe12-(4/3)xO19, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) with the magneto-plumbite structure were formerly synthesized by co-precipitation procedure and investigated by several techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, Raman, Photoluminescence and UV-VL. XRD and FT-IR confirmed the structure, and Raman spectra showed 12 characterizing summits. Photoluminescence emission spectra indicated two summits at 448 and 501 nm. Optical UV-VL spectroscopic analysis parameters showed dependence on λ and x. Obviously, BaTi0.75Fe11O19 nanocrystals as a sort of M-Type Hexagonal Ferrites showed excellent Photocatalytic activity on the Degradation of Organic Dyes like; Crystal Violet, Methyl Orange, … etc. Furthermore; these nanocrystals possess excellent electrochemical performance; which in turn introduces these materials for Supercapacitors Applications. Thus, the Photo-catalytic activity of BaTi0.75Fe11O19 nanocrystals for the decolorization of Crystal Violet (CV) dye (1 × 10-5 M) illuminated excellent photocatalytic efficiency reaching ≈ 85%. On the other hand; BaTi0.75Fe11O19 nanoparticles exhibited a specific capacitance of 1858 mF/g at 50 mV/s. The current study introduces promising applications of BaTi0.75Fe11O19 nanoparticles as electrode materials for super capacitance and energy storage.
Sanger sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein v2
Authors: S. Salles* Tiago
Published: September 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 responsible for the ongoing COVID pandemic reveals particular evolutionary dynamics and an extensive polymorphism, mainly in Spike protein. Monitoring the S protein mutations is crucial for successful controlling measures and detect variants that can evade vaccine immunity. Even after the costs reduction imposed by the pandemic, the new generation sequencing methodologies remain unavailable to many scientific groups. Therefore, to support the urgent surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 S protein, this work describes a protocol for complete nucleotide sequencing of the S protein using the Sanger technique. Thus, any laboratory with experience in sequencing can adopt this protocol. (The last step in this version contains a supplemental video with extra context and tips, as part of the protocols.io Spotlight series, featuring conversations with protocol authors.)
Poliovirus direct detection and nanopore sequencing (DDNS) FAQs v2
Authors: Shaw Alex
Published: September 2023

This short FAQ document summarises the poliovirus direct detection and nanopore sequencing (DDNS) protocol, the equipment and reagents required, the cost and staff-time involved (v1.7 updated 4 Sep 2023).
Lisansüstü Eğitimin Uzaktan Yürütülmesine Yönelik Bir İnceleme: Doktora Öğrencilerinden Yansımalar
Authors: KARAKUŞ Memet , TURHAN TÜRKKAN Buket
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, uzaktan yürütülen doktora eğitimi süreçlerine yönelik öğrencilerin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırma, nitel bağlamda gerçekleştirilen bir durum çalışmasıdır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Türkiye’nin güneyinde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesinde eğitim bilimleri alanında doktora düzeyinde öğrenim gören 8 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ve açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan bir yazılı görüş formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi, içerik analizi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları; uzaktan eğitimde öğrenme-öğretme süreci, ölçme ve değerlendirme süreci, iletişim ve etkileşim, kullanılan teknolojiler, yaşam boyu öğrenme becerileri, avantajları ve dezavantajları, iyileştirmeye yönelik öneriler ve pandeminin dışında ve sonrasında derslerin uzaktan yürütülme durumu bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda uzaktan eğitim süreçlerine yönelik çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Undulating Propulsion Underwater Robot Control Method Based on ADRC and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Ahmad A. , Yuschenko A. S.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the development a closed-loop depth and course control algorithms for underwater robot with pair undulating fin. The controller was proposed based on the Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) technique and fuzzy logic. A brief review of the underwater robot with pair undulating fin (AUV) is carried out. The dynamic and kinematic robot model is given, and the robot model with the environment is presented in the Simscape-MATLAB library. To solve the problem of controlling course and depth of the robot, a method of Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is proposed. This robust control method based on extension of the system model with an additional and fictitious state variable, representing everything that is not included in the mathematical description of the plant. This method allows to treat the considered system with a simpler model, since the negative effects of modeling uncertainty are compensated in real time. The advantage of the proposed method is that an exact analytical description of the system is not required, since it can be assumed that the unknown parts of the dynamics are internal noise in the installation. The fuzzy control method is used to build a non-linear relationship between controller outputs and fin parameters that determine the generated fin forces. The results of modeling of the problem of heading and depth control using a complete nonlinear dynamic model with six degrees of freedom are presented. The conducted studies confirm the operability, adequacy, and anti-disturbance ability of the ADRC controller.
EXISTENCE IN SCHWARTZ SPACE AND SOLUTIONS PROPERTIES OF THE HOPF–TYPE EQUATION WITH VARIABLE COEFFICIENTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Samoilenko V. , Samoilenko Yu. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The issue of the existence of solutions of the Cauchy problem for a first-order quasi-linear differential equation with partial derivatives and variable coefficients is considered. The studied equation is a generalization of the classic Hopf equation, which is used in the study of many mathematical models of hydrodynamics. This equation arises when constructing approximate (asymptotic) solutions of the Korteweg–de Vries equation and other equations with variable coefficients and a singular perturbation, in particular, when finding their asymptotic step-type soliton-like solutions. For the mentioned differential equation of the first order, the solution of the Cauchy problem is obtained in analytical form, and the statement about sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions of the initial problem in the space of rapidly decreasing functions is proved. A similar problem for a first-order differential equation with partial derivatives with variable coefficients and quadratic nonlinearity is considered.
Does EEG Frontal Asymmetry Neuromarketing Predict Eating Behavior?
Authors:   , Schlyfestone Alexa R. , Kounios John
Published: September 2023

Neuromarketing, or marketing research based on neural data, reveals novel insights into consumer decision-making that are invisible to behavioral and self-report research. A notable gap in the neuromarketing literature is its focus on average group responses to products and advertisements rather than how individual differences in prior brain states may influence decisions following exposure to advertising or products. The current study investigated whether post-satiation snack-eating behavior was better predicted by initial resting-state frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha-band asymmetry recorded prior to watching television commercials or by frontal asymmetry recorded while participants watched commercials. Frontal EEG asymmetry is a well-studied measure of approach motivation (left > right neural activity) versus cognitive control (right > left neural activity). Participants knew at the outset that they would be watching commercials and eating food. The session began with a recording of resting-state brain activity (eyes open and eyes closed) with no task to perform. Then, participants viewed 60 television commercials (30 food and 30 nonfood) while their EEGs were recorded. After viewing the commercials, participants ate a standardized satiating meal and were then offered a series of snacks to measure post-satiation eating behavior. EEGs collected from 58 participants showed that (rightward) baseline frontal asymmetry significantly predicted post-satiation eating behavior (measured in calories consumed; r = -.38, p < .01), but that frontal asymmetry measured during the total time duration of all 60 commercials (r = -.15, p = .12) did not. However, the first four minutes of food commercials (r = -.27, p = .03) significantly predicted post-satiation eating. The rightward direction of baseline frontal asymmetry associated with greater eating implies that the initial anticipation of food commercials and the subsequent availability of food activated self-control mechanisms in participants who ate the most and were then unable to restrain later eating. Furthermore, the fact that viewing the commercials reduced the ability of frontal asymmetry to predict eating suggests that the commercials had minimal effects on the balance between approach motivation and transient self-control across subjects. Thus, to understand how neural data can help marketing researchers understand and predict consumer behavior, future neuromarketing studies should examine the relationship between baseline neural activity and activity concurrent with exposure to advertising or products.
The Principle of Specificity of Legal Regulations as an Element of Economic Governance and Legal Security of Businesses
Authors: Ruczkowski Piotr
Published: September 2023

The specificity of legal regulations as a principle of the proper legislation binds the legislature to formulate legal rules that are clear, precise, and consistent, including laws regulating business activities. The principle of specificity of legal regulations is particularly important in the view of such phenomena as a considerable increase in legislative output, internationalization of law, and increasing complexity of economic processes governed by legal regulations. The implementation of the principle of specificity is one of the conditions necessary to guarantee legal order, which is part of economic order, which is related to the security of doing business and the legal security of entrepreneurs.
Legal and Practical Aspects of Functioning of Economic Area Development Councils
Authors: Staniszewski Damian
Published: September 2023

On the territory of the Republic of Poland, there are currently 14 companies managing special economic zones, subordinated to the minister responsible for economy. Each of them operates in a specific area of Poland. Pursuant to the Act of 10 May 2018 on supporting new investments, each special economic zone appoints an economic area development council. It performs a consultative and advisory function and is composed of representatives of entrepreneurs, local government units located within the area managed by the zone, and representatives of voivodship councils for social dialogue. The aim of the article is to discuss the functioning of economic area development councils in the legal and practical aspects and to attempt to formulate proposals for necessary changes in this area. This task is carried out through the analysis of the current activity of economic area development councils based on information obtained from entities managing special economic zones as part of access to public information.
Review Article: Richard Frederick Heller, The Distributed University for Sustainable Higher Education, Springer, Singapore 2022, pp. XII+80
Authors: Dąbrowski Karol
Published: September 2023

Richard Frederick Heller’s book is a critique of the contemporary system of higher education, particularly Anglo-Saxon one. In his opinion, the 21st century is developing the fourth generation of universities. Besides education, science, creating of national sense, public policies, cooperation with the external environment, we can see the commercialization of education and science, and the professionalization of university administration. In this way at the universities dominate: the commoditization of higher education, the consumerization of the university diploma, evaluation, competition between universities, managerialism, fiscalism, indicator-mania, reduction of the quality of teaching, pointosis, and grantosis. By the way, there is discrimination against foreign students.
The Transformation of Special Legal Regimes in Hungary in the Light of Crises
Authors: Fényes Marcell , Gönczi Lili Luca , Velez Natália , Pribelszki János , Kis-Bakos Milán Tamás , Budai Kata
Published: September 2023

In our study, we present the new amendments to the Fundamental Law of Hungary, which significantly broaden the definition of a state of danger. The reason for the amendment is the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine, which has led to a humanitarian situation unprecedented since the Second World War and has changed the economic situation in Europe. The aim is essentially to be able to develop effective, rapid national responses to the consequences of international economic changes. The amendment to the Fundamental Law of Hungary allows the Government to declare a state of danger in the event of war, armed conflict, or humanitarian disaster in a neighboring country so that all necessary means are available to assist, support and accommodate people fleeing the situation and to prevent the adverse economic effects of the situation and mitigate the consequences. The study describes in detail the changes to the concept of the state of danger following the amendments of the Fundamental Law of Hungary and also when the emergency was introduced in practice. The authors also draw attention to the reasons for the Tenth Amendment to the Fundamental Law of Hungary and present other types of special legal orders.
Unregistered Activity and Suspension of Economic Activity as Selected Problems of the Entrepreneurs’ Law and the Principle of Equality of Entrepreneurs and Other Principles of Economic Activity: Outline of the Issue in a Theoretical and Practical Aspect
Authors: Bielecki Leszek
Published: September 2023

In this paper, I point out several legal shortcomings resulting in certain consequences in the application of the Entrepreneurs’ Law. Firstly, I present two legal institutions applicable under the Entrepreneurs’ Law, i.e. unregistered economic activity and suspension of economic activity, and then I indicate the practical effects in the application of the provisions concerning them and in the context of the principles of economic activity (equality of entrepreneurs and others). In the end, there are conclusions with postulates for the future.
An Efficient Backbone for Early Forest Fire Detection Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Mahanta Deepamoni , Hazarika Deepika , Nath Vijay Kumar
Published: September 2023

Forest fires cause disastrous damage to both human life and ecosystem. Therefore, it is essential to detect forest fires in the early stage to reduce the damage. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely used for forest fire detection. This paper proposes a new backbone network for a CNN-based forest fire detection model. The proposed backbone network can detect the plumes of smoke well by decomposing the conventional convolution into depth-wise and coordinate ones to better extract information from objects that spread along the vertical dimension. Experimental results show that the proposed backbone network outperforms other popular ones by achieving a detection accuracy of up to 52.6 AP.1
DeepEar: A Deep Convolutional Network without Deformation for Ear Segmentation
Authors: Chen Yuhan , Ke Wende , Li Qingfeng , Lu Dongxin , Bai Yan , Wang Zhen
Published: September 2023

With the cross-application of robotics in various fields, machine vision has gradually received attention. As an important part in machine vision, image segmentation has been widely applied especially in biomedical image segmentation, and many algorithms in image segmentation have been proposed in recent years. Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine gradually received attention and ear diagnosis plays an important role in traditional Chinese medicine, the demand for automation in ear diagnosis becomes gradually intense. This paper proposed a deep convolution network for ear segmentation (DeepEar), which combined spatial pyramid block and the encoder-decoder architecture, besides, atrous convolutional layers are applied throughout the network. Noteworthy, the output ear image from DeepEar has the same size as input images. Experiments shows that this paper proposed DeepEar has great capability in ear segmentation and obtained complete ear with less excess region. Segmentation results from the proposed network obtained Accuracy = 0.9915, Precision = 0.9762, Recal l= 9.9723, Harmonic measure = 0.9738 and Specificity = 0.9955, which performed much better than other Convolution Neural Network (CNN)- based methods in quantitative evaluation. Besides, this paper proposed network basically completed ear-armor segmentation, further validated the capability of the proposed network.
A Method for Enhancing PET Scan Images Using Nonlocal Mean Filter
Authors: Hamid Raghad Hazim , Saeed Nagham Tharwat , Ahmed Hasan Maher
Published: September 2023

Medical images are an important source of information for both diagnosing and treating diseases. In many cases, the images produced by a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan are used to assess the effectiveness of a particular treatment. This paper presents a method for whole-body PET image denoising using a spatially-guided non-local means filter. The proposed method starts with clustering the images into regions. To estimate the noise, a Bayesian with automatic settings of the parameters was used. Then, only patches that belong to regions were collected and processed. The performance was compared to two methods; Gaussian and conventional Non-Local Means (NLM). The Jaszczak phantom and PET/ Computed Tomography (CT) for whole-body were involved in the benchmarking. The obtained results showed that in the Jaszczak phantom, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) was significantly improved. Additionally, the proposed method improved the contrast and SNR compared to conventional NLM and Gaussian. Finally, the proposed method, in clinical whole-body PET, can be considered as another way of the post-reconstruction filter.
Mean Estimation of a Sensitive Variable under Measurement Errors using Three-Stage RRT Model in Stratified Two-Phase Sampling
Authors: Onyango Ronald O , Oduor Brian , Odundo Francis
Published: September 2023

In the present study, the problem of mean estimation of a sensitive variable using three-stage RRT model under measurement errors is addressed. A generalized class of estimators is proposed using a mixture of auxiliary attribute and variable. Some members of the proposed generalized class of estimators are identified and studied. The bias and mean squared error (MSE) expressions for the proposed estimators are correctly derived up to first order Taylor's series of approximation. The proposed estimator's efficiency is investigated theoretically and numerically using real data. From the numerical study, the proposed estimators outperforms existing mean estimators. Furthermore, the efficiencies of the mean estimatorsâ€™ decreases as the sensitivity level of the survey question increases.
Bayesian Inference for a Weighted Bilal Distribution: Regression Model
Authors: Atikankul Yupapin
Published: September 2023

In this paper, a new lifetime distribution is proposed. Various statistical properties of the proposed distribution such as survival function, hazard rate function, mean residual life function, moments, moment generating function, Bonferroni curve, Lorenz curve, and order statistic are presented. The Bayesian estimator of the distribution parameter is derived. The behavior of the Bayesian estimator is assessed by a simulation study. Furthermore, a regression model is developed based on the proposed distribution. Some real data applications are analyzed to show the potentiality of the proposedmodels.
Control charts for processes with variable mean
Authors: Fallahnezhad Mohammad Saber , Sadeghi Farideh , Ghalichehbaf Amir
Published: September 2023

Despite of strong ability and performance of control charts to control and monitor processes, they have some problems in practical applications. If control chart’s limits are not properly designed then we receive false alarms. For example, several observations may be outside the control limits when the mean of process is in-control. Not considering the variation of the process mean at each sampling time may lead to this error. The process may be adjusted at specific mean but different working conditions and different operators may change mean of the process and it may have a small deviation from its predetermined value and this problem can lead to wrong implementation of control charts. In this paper, the effects of variable mean on control charts are analyzed. It is assumed that the mean of observation varies over time but its probability distribution is normal probability distribution function. It is observed that long-term process mean control chart generates false alarms.
Изготовление полуячейки твердооксидного топливного элемента на основе пористого никеля и тонкопленочного электролита из диоксида циркония, стабилизированного оксидом иттрия
Authors: Бейсенов Р.Е. , Умирзаков А.Г. , Бейсенова Е.Е. , Кудайберген А.Д.
Published: September 2023

В работе был получен и исследован пористый никелевый анод тонкопленочного твердооксидного топливного элемента (ТОТЭ), полученный методом горячего прессования порошка с добавлением порообразователя (ПО). Порошки Ni и ПО смешивали в различном соотношении, прессовали в пресс-форме и дополнительно спекали. Была разработана технология полировки с использованием порошка циркония, стабилизированного иттрием (YSZ), для уменьшения шероховатости поверхности анода на основе Ni с целью нанесения слоя электролита без трещин. На поверхность анода был нанесен тонкопленочный электролит YSZ толщиной 3 мкм методом импульсного лазерного осаждения. Морфологические и элементные анализы образцов были охарактеризованы методами сканирующей электронной микроскопии и спектроскопии EDS. Для фазового анализа и определения структурных характеристик использовалась рентгеновская дифракция. Удельные площади поверхности полученных анодов были рассчитаны по их изотермам адсорбции и десорбции N2 с использованием сорбтометра и рассчитаны методом Брунауэра Эммета-Теллера (BET). В результате наибольшей механической прочностью и удельной площадью поверхности (15,42 м2г-1) обладал образец с содержанием ПО, равным 40%, в то время как его ионная проводимость при 800 °C достигала 6,4∙10-2 С/см.
Модификация нефтяного битума механохимически активированным шунгитом месторождения коксу
Authors: Кенжегалиева А.Р. , Абдихан Д.Б. , Онгарбаев Е.К.
Published: September 2023

В работе приведены результаты экспериментов по использованию шунгитовых пород месторождения Коксу после механохимической активации в качестве модифицирующей добавки для улучшения физико-механических характеристик нефтяного дорожного битума. Использованы образцы шунгита марки «Таурит» сланцевого и карбонатного происхождения с размерами частиц 1 мм и 20 мкм. Измельченные образцы шунгита размерами частиц 5 мкм получены путем механохимической активации. Модификация битума образцами шунгита привела к снижению глубины проникания иглы и растяжимости, повышению температуры размягчения и адгезионной способности битума. Положительное влияние механохимически активированного шунгита на физико-механические свойства битума объясняется изменением структуры шунгита в результате измельчения. Оптимальным модификатором оказался образец шунгита карбонатного происхождения в количестве 0,5 мас.% после механохимической активации. Благоприятное воздействие на характеристики битума позволяет использовать природное сырье – шунгит после механохимической активации в качестве наполнителя битумных вяжущих и асфальтобетонных смесей на их основе.
Разработка метода по извлечению гарантийного запаса топлива в баках отработавшей ступени ракет носителей
Authors: Бапышев А.М. , Ермолдина Г.Т. , Трушляков В.И. , Утегенова А.У. , Мырзабеков К.М. , Абильдаева К.Ж.
Published: September 2023

Остатки гарантийного топлива представляют собой дополнительные запасы компонентов ракетного топлива в ракетных блоках ступени ракет космического назначения (РКН), предназначенные для компенсации возмущающих факторов, действующих в полете на РКН, и характеризуются канцерогенным и мутагенным действием на окружающую среду. Для решения проблемы снижения техногенной нагрузки предлагается метод извлечения гарантийного запаса топлива (ГЗТ) в баках отработавшей ступени (ОС) РКН. Метод основан на генерации теплоты за счет сгорания сжиженного пропана и паров кислорода непосредственно в топливных баках. Величина теплоты определяется из условия испарения жидких остатков кислорода и керосина. Авторами разработана методика извлечения ГЗТ в баках отработавшей ступени в полном объеме. Предложенный метод позволит использовать остатки топлива для управляемого спуска отработавшей ступени.
Исследования по извлечению гарантийного запаса топлива в баках отработавшей ступени
Authors: Бапышев А.М. , Ермолдина Г.Т. , Трушляков В.И. , Калимолдаев М.Н. , Мырзабеков К.М. , Абильдаева К.Ж.
Published: September 2023

Жесткое приземление отработанной части перспективных ракет-носителей в отведенные районы падения приводит к развалу конструкции, розливу остатков гарантийного запаса топлива, возникновению пожаров и, как следствие, требует больших затрат на полную ликвидацию техногенных последствий. Остатки гарантийного топлива представляют собой дополнительные запасы компонентов ракетного топлива в ракетных блоках ступени ракет космического назначения (РКН), предназначенные для компенсации возмущающих факторов, действующих в полете на РКН, и характеризуются канцерогенным и мутагенным действием на окружающую среду. В статье рассмотрен вопрос извлечения невыработанных остатков гарантийного топлива. Для исследования процесса извлечения разработаны экспериментальный стенд и программа проведения экспериментов. Целью исследования является проведение сравнительного анализа результатов математического и физического моделирования. По результатам физического эксперимента представлена математическая модель и результаты сравнительного анализа двух типов моделей: были сравнены между собой расчетные температуры ТН на входе в ЭМУ (по первому закону термодинамики и уравнениям Навье-Стокса) и измеренных температур ТН на входе в ЭМУ при проведении экспериментов. Полученные результаты позволили использовать остатки гарантийного запаса топлива для разработки автономной бортовой системы спуска отработанной части перспективных ракет-носителей, обеспечивающий управляемый спуск.
Comparison of Different Ventilation Strategies during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Smoker Patients Under Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Fani Kamal , Abbasi Mohsen , Radmand Golnar , Jahangirifard Alireza
Published: September 2023

Background: Control of pulmonary ventilation during surgery, especially heart surgery, is very important. Therefore, in this study, we will compare different ventilation strategies during cardiopulmonary bypass in smokers undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods: A total of 42 patients who had a clinical indication for CABG were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups.  All patients were operated on by the same surgeon and cardiac anesthesia team in the same condition. The patient data includes age, sex, height, weight, and spirometry indices (FEV1, FVC, FEV1 / FVC, MMEF, PEF, PaO2, PaCO2, PaO2 / fio2, PaO2 / fio2, and Pent. T)  were recorded prospectively for each patient.
Results: Examines the spirometry indices of patients in the two groups in both pre-procedure and off-pump time, do not show significant changes (P<0.005).
Conclusion: The use of different ventilation strategies in smokers undergoing CABG surgery could not cause significant changes in patients' respiratory parameters.
Burn and Hypertension: How Are They Related?
Authors: Mohammadyari Fatemeh , Biabani Morteza , Nematollahi Behrad , Soleimani Maryam , Sohbatzadeh Morteza , Sadreddini Sarvin , Shoorizadeh Reyhaneh , Shavysi Sepideh , Olangian-Tehrani Sepehr
Published: September 2023

Background: A burn tissue injury is one of the most severe forms of trauma which results in severe life-threatening disturbances. Burn injury has many morbid complications, so it needs a multi-disciplinary care team according to the burn center to reduce its mortality and morbidity.
Methods: This article aims to review drawbacks and complications associated with the burning injury including Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Acute lung injury, Heart Failure, Electrolyte imbalance, intra-abdominal hypertension in children and adult burn patients, and recent challenging treatments.
Results: Improved understanding of the pathophysiology of burn-induced complications can contribute to organizing a well-treatment plan, which leads to improved outcomes.
Conclusions: Herein, the evidence available on the management of all burn induced-complications is summarized.
Anesthetic Considerations in a Case of Peumatocele Following Chest Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Jacob Merlin Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

Pneumatocele is a lung bulla or rather an air filled cavity present within the lung parenchyma. It has various causes of origin. The bullous area is void of bronchoalveolar oxygenation and that certainly could result in dyspnea, hypoxia, symptomatic chest pain or even hemoptysis. This can result in spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumothorax provoked by mechanical ventilation or infection. We present a case of a 47yr old gentleman, who presented with a pneumatocele following trauma to chest. Prior to induction, thoracic epidural was inserted at T6-T7 and then he was intubated with the single lumen tube rather than the conventional double lumen tube for bullectomy. Post-operative pain relief using ropivacaine 0.375% and dexmedetomidine was effective. We discuss the anesthetic management and considerations in such a case.
A STUDY OF RISK FACTORS AFFECTING CONSTRUCTION PROJECT EXECUTION IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF GHANA.
Authors: Bentum Mensah Frank , Tsotorvor Godfred , K.Tsorgali Engr.Michael , Kodwo Fordjour Francis
Published: September 2023

The construction industry is one of the most dynamic, risky, and challenging businesses.  The number of risks present invariably goes beyond those found in other industries. The research was conducted with the aim of exploring the various risk factors affecting late execution of construction projects in the Central region of Ghana. Purposive sampling technique was used to select thirty (30) contractors of on-going projects for the study. Questionnaire was used to illicit information from the participants. Findings of the research revealed that financial, economic as well as political risk are the major factors contributing to late execution of construction projects in the central region of Ghana.
The conclusion drawn from the research indicated a lot of projects have not been completed. A thorough feasibility studies should be undertaken before any project is done.
La culture d'agrumes dans les communautés agricoles chiliennes : Vers un développement durable
Authors: Cortés Manuel E.
Published: September 2023

Cet article souligne l'importance des agrumes dans les communautés agricoles de la Province de Limarí du point de vue du développement agricole durable dans ces communautés, en soulignant les résultats de l'expérience des cultivateurs ruraux. D'abord, l'état de développement de la culture des agrumes au Chili est décrit. Ensuite, cette activité est traitée dans la perspective des communautés agricoles de Limarí. En troisième lieu, nous analysons une analyse pilote de la culture des agrumes dans la communauté agricole. Ce travail souligne l'attrait que présente le secteur des agrumes pour les communautés agricoles, en particulier la commercialisation du traditionnel citron jaune. Il se penche aussi sur l'implantation de programmes d'éducation agro-environnementale parmi ses habitants pour promouvoir le soin des ressources naturelles comme l'eau et la terre. La croissance et le développement de la culture des agrumes dans les communautés agricoles de Limarí doivent être consistants, avec une analyse de la disponibilité de ces ressources et leur utilisation responsable.