bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efforts to Improve Class V IPS Learning Outcomes Through the Implementation of the Problem Based Learning Method at State Elementary School
Authors: Suharti Suharti , Rahmadani Nuzul , Hamzah Norhayati , Aradi Bernadett , Fantaye Abayneh Kebede
Published: January 2025

Research Objective: To improve students' learning outcomes in social studies. By implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method to help students understand social studies concepts better.
Methodology: This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) consisting of four stages of activities, namely: (1) planning stage, (2) action implementation stage, (3) observation stage, and (4) evaluation stage and reflection. The research sample was fifth grade students at SDN 143 Tamiai, with research instruments namely observation, documentation and tests.
Main Findings: The results of the study showed that in the pre-cycle, students' learning completeness reached 27.58%. There was an increase of 20.69% in the implementation of cycle I. In cycle II, there was an increase of 37.93% or learning completeness of 86.20%. Thus, it is proven that the use of the Problem Based Learning learning model can improve students' learning outcomes.
Research Update: This research strengthens the relationship between the Problem Based Learning model and learning outcomes, especially in social studies lessons.
Adaptive Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Employing Multitaper Method and Higher-Order STBC Techniques
Authors: Abdul Salam Ahmed O. , Sheriff Ray E. , Al-Araji Saleh R. , Mezher Kahtan , Nasir Qassim
Published: January 2025

The effects of the non-parametric multitaper method (MTM) and symmetrical higher-order space-time block-code (STBC) with full diversity techniques on the performance of spectrum sensing (SS) in cognitive radio (CR) systems are studied. The overall wireless link performance can be improved by using the STBC techniques to combat the multipath fading effects in wireless channels. The MTM is integrated with the STBC for spectrum estimation (SE), which will be termed multitaper spectrum estimation (MTSE)-STBC, and the given analysis of which is developed using the quadrature form approximation. Also, classical SE algorithms commonly focus on a fixed performance assessment method based on predefined false alarms or detection probabilities. Licensed users need to be protected against interference that opportunistic users might cause. An appropriate thresholding policy that varies concerning the designated values of false alarm and detection rates can achieve such protection. Utilization factors are instrumental in providing further protection for licensed users or occupied spectrum holes, and they need to be determined in advance and adopted in the detection policy. If utilization factors are not desirable, then a fine selection of appropriate threshold values will need to be decided as they have a major impact on the overall error probability performance. Using analytical and simulation methods, the assessment results revealed improved performance of the MTSE-STBC compared to other classical methods such as the Periodogram especially in the aspects of efficient transmission and less error probability. The proposed adaptive thresholding technique also proved useful in coping with different SE settings.
Reformulated Mathematical Models for Correlating the Solubility of Solid Drugs in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Ramalingam Vikram , Raghavan Amrithaa , Garlapati Chandrasekhar
Published: January 2025

Solubility is the fundamental thermodynamic key parameter influencing supercritical technology in practice. In the literature, several solubility models are available to represent the solubility data. They are classified into several categories based on their origin and the background on which they were developed. Some important categories of solubility models are solvate complex models, mathematical models, and phase equilibrium models. Among them, mathematical models have shown good correlation efficiency for several solute-solvent systems. However, some do not comply with the fundamental phase rule in their functional form, which can cause them to be termed redundant models. Therefore, the current investigation aims to address the redundant nature of some mathematical models. Models considered in the work relate solubility as a function of temperature, pressure, and density in a nonlinear relationship (i.e., y2 = f (T, P, ρ1)). Reformulation was aimed at converting solubility models to a dimensionally consistent form in which the mole fraction of the solute is represented as a function of the reduced density of the solvent and the reduced temperature. Thus, all solubility models considered in the work are converted to y2 = f(Tr, ρr). Further, existing models and reformulation models were tested with four standard solute-solvent systems namely, naphthalene-SCCO2, anthracene-SCCO2, phenanthrene-SCCO2, and salicylic acid-SCCO2. Finally, the comparison between the existing and the reformulated models was done in terms of global values of AARD%, R2, R2adj, and ΔΑΙC. From the results, it is quite clear that reformulated models are showing better results than the existing models.
Analysis of a Long Wave of Depression from the Point of View of Energy Motion
Authors: Sokolov Sergei
Published: January 2025

The paper considers the problem of unsteady water flow in the form of a long wave with a decrease in the water level. The flow is generated by a moving wave-maker in a horizontal, infinitely long channel. Under the action of constant external force, the flow tends to a steady and uniform movement, which parameters are of particular interest. It derives equations to calculate mean velocity, depth, and water discharge, utilizing the principles from the theory of energy motion. Also, it identifies the conditions under which maximum water discharge or flow power occurs. The case of uniform flow of fluids in a horizontal channel revealed a principal contradiction between the theory of energy motion and the theory of uniform flow.
Automatic Mobile Network User Identification System: Idea and Tips
Authors: Molaei Amir Masoud , Ranjbar Malidareh Mobina , Hosseini Seyed Hojjat
Published: January 2025

The purpose of designing an automatic system to identify mobile network users is to control the entry and exit of users to a specific location. The main idea is to set up a fake pseudo-base transceiver station (BTS) between the mobile phone and the nearest BTS. The mobile phone regularly reports its location to the nearest BTS. The key task is to search for the signal sent to the pseudo-BTS and extract the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) information. The proposed system will be able to communicate up to 12-30 meters. In addition, the system does not require a near-field communication tag, because the information is decoded by the communication protocols of the mobile network. Therefore, even the simplest and most basic mobile phones are identified by the system. In this paper, in addition to presenting the main idea, the hardware and software structures of the system are also described.
Evaluation of Key Performance Factors and Recommendation of Optimization Strategies of a Power Generation Company
Authors: D. A. Ekpechi  , Obiukwu O. O. , Opara U. V. , Emeziem V. C. , Nwankwo E. I. , Ezeaku N. I. , Ozuruoha E. N. , Oluwadare O. E. , Ayo-Akano H. O. , Opkalaku-nath V. C.
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the analysis of key performance indicators and some effective improvement strategies of four gas turbine generators (GTG) of Nigeria's power plant company for four years (2019-2022). The investigation used the NERC/IEEE Standard 762 (2006) generator performance indices amongst other calculated key performance indices to evaluate the collected data. The research methodology was done through the collection of data using questionnaires, operational records, and plant data sheets recorded by operators in the power station and data analysis using Excel software, and then constructive optimization techniques were recommended for each key performance factor. From the result obtained, the operational performance shows an average energy generation of approximately 389.71 GWh. The equipment availability factor averaged 54.08%, indicating moderate reliability. The energy availability factor was notably lower, averaging 11.99%, suggesting significant room for improvement. The capacity factor averaged 9.39%, while the plant use factor was relatively high at 80.59%, demonstrating efficient operational usage. The load factor was low, with an average of 0.10, pointing to potential underutilization of capacity. The shortfall in performance levels is attributed to less plant availability due to overdue overhauling of some units resulting in frequent breakdowns/failures, obsolete technology, aging plant equipment, instability of the national grid system, and disruption in gas supply among others. The recommended strategic techniques are designed to address the specific challenges associated with each factor, thereby enhancing the overall operational performance of the power plant and other power generation companies for maximum productivity.
The Numerical Simulation and Performance Analysis of Seawater Desalination Unit: The Case of SWRO Station with Energy Recovery Devices (ERDs)
Authors: Ghadhy Ahmed , Lilane Amine , Boulezhar Abdelkader , Saifaoui Dennoun
Published: January 2025

The demand for good quality drinking water is experiencing strong growth on a global scale, particularly in emerging countries, such as the BASIC countries (Brazil, South Africa, India, and China). For this reason, sea or brackish water desalination technology using membrane filtration technique is a very effective and sustainable method for dealing with this problem. In this work, the performance study of the reverse osmosis desalination plant of Nouadhibou-Mauritania coupled or not to an energy recovery unit was carried out using the Matlab/Simulink software. The objective of this work is to study the functional and productive performance of the reverse osmosis unit by examining the importance of the pressure exchanger in such systems, by acting on the mixing rate of feed water with the flow of water delivered by the pressure exchanger. This study shows that the exploited Energy Recovery devices (ERDs) have a very favorable economic and energetic profitability of 75% reduction, which reduces the specific power consumption by 5 instead of 14.5 kWh/m3 in the case of a system without and with the ERDs, for productivity of 800 m3/d and a recovery rate of 20%.
In-Plane Analysis of Micro-Cracks Using Modified Couple-Stress Elasticity
Authors: Pourmohammadi Vafa Jalil , Baghestani Ali Mohammad , J. Fariborz S.
Published: January 2025

Based upon the modified couple stress theory, we devise a procedure to analyze multiple interacting micro-cracks subject to the mixed mode deformation in an isotropic elastic plane. First, we carry out the asymptotic analysis of the displacement field at the tip of a stationary crack. The dominant term of displacement field reveals that the symmetric part of the stress tensor, which is energy conjugate to the strain tensor, is not singular. In contrast, the couple stress tensor has square root singularity at a crack tip. Furthermore, we use the Fourier integral transform to obtain the solution to an edge dislocation in an isotropic plane. Asymptotic analysis of the obtained solutions shows Cauchy singularity in the location of the edge dislocation. The integral equations for several interacting parallel micro-cracks are constructed via the distributed dislocation technique. These equations are solved numerically for the density of dislocations on a micro-crack surface. The effects of intrinsic material length scale on the stress field of a crack and the interaction between two parallel micro-cracks are studied.
Analysis of Flouting Maxim Used by Mowgli in The Jungle Book Movie: Pragmatics Study
Authors: Lestari Muhsinah Dwi , Prasetyani Nuning Yudhi , Qaniah Binti
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify and describe the functions of flouting maxims in The Jungle Book movie using a pragmatic approach. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, the research analyzes Mowgli's utterances to reveal four types of flouting maxims: quantity, quality, manner, and relation. The most frequently flouted maxim is relation, highlighting Mowgli's strategies to survive and stay safe in the forest. Conversely, Mowgli rarely flouts the maxim of quality due to his sense of gratitude toward those who saved him. The research also identifies three functions of flouting maxims: competitive, collaborative, and convivial. Among these, the collaborative function is the most common, as Mowgli often seeks cooperation with various animals. In contrast, the convivial function is rarely used, reflecting his effort to maintain politeness and avoid causing offense. This study provides a concrete example of the application of pragmatic theory, particularly the cooperative principle, demonstrating its relevance in understanding characters' communication strategies in films.
Exploring the Representation of Gender in Foklores from Central Kalimantan
Authors: Wulandari Indah , Sujiyani Erma , Retsi Olga Dona , Susanty Susanty
Published: January 2025

Folklores are frequently used as teaching media at schools. However, they are suspected to contain gender stereotypes. This study aims to examine the gender representation and gender stereotypes in 28 folklores from Central Kalimantan published in two books by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia in 1982 and 1995. Gender representation is explored through the roles and occurrence of the characters in the folklores, while four categories of gender stereotypes (personality traits, domestic behaviors, occupations, and physical appearances) are used to investigate the gender stereotypes attached to the male and female characters in the stories. The results show there is an imbalanced representation of male and female characters in Central Kalimantan folklores; from the total of 106 characters, male representation has almost twice in occurrence (60.4%) compared to the female one (39.6%). Mostly, males are the main characters in the stories having both positive or negative roles, and the females have only inferior roles. The gender stereotypes of patriarchy are found to be promoted through the characters’ description in the folklores. Therefore, to represent the proper concept of gender equality through stories, a critical view is needed in selecting folklores as teaching media at schools.
Leveraging Waiterio as Learning Media for English for Restaurant: A Case Study
Authors: Komang Satya Permadi  , Nyoman Canestra Adi Putra  , Ni Wayan Putri Widia Artayani
Published: January 2025

This research investigates rationale, implementation, and pedagogical implications of employing the Waiterio application as a learning media within an English for Restaurant. Employing a purposive sampling methodology, the study involved twenty-six students and one instructor. Data collection was conducted through a case study approach, utilizing observational methods, literature review, interviews, and questionnaires. Qualitative data analysis was employed to interpret the findings. The study revealed that Waiterio application is favored due to its user-friendly interface in comparison to alternative applications. Furthermore, its high degree of flexibility, facilitated by its accessibility across multiple platforms, makes it particularly suitable for diverse learning environments. The research indicated that Waiterio application can be readily integrated into the English for Restaurant curriculum, particularly in facilitating learning related to service sequences. However, limitations were identified, including the requirement for a stable internet connection and the absence of reservation feature. Despite these limitations, student participants unanimously acknowledged the application's ease of use and strongly recommended its utilization within the Food and Beverage Service department. The study concluded that the Waiterio application, owing to its user-friendly interface, can serve as a foundational tool for introducing students to Point of Service applications before transitioning to more comprehensive and complex platforms.
Influencia de la calidad de reducción sobre complicaciones y funcionalidad en pacientes de edad avanzada con fractura subtrocantérea.
Authors: L CUÑAT-NAVARRO , P JORDÁ-GÓMEZ , Z MOHD ABU ALI , L FERRARO-ESPARZA , V PÉREZ-CLIMENT , C FERRANDO-PIÑANA , M DESVIAT-RUIZ , J POYATOS-CAMPOS
Published: January 2025

Purpose of the study: To analyse if an optimal subtrochanteric fracture reduction relates with a decrease in postsurgical complications and better functional outcomes. Material and methods: Cohort retrospective study where we obtained presurgical and postsurgical variables, complications, degree of pain and return-to previous wandering in 1 year follow up. Results: We evaluated a total of 79 fractures. 38 of them with an optimal reduction, the remaining 41 in the group of suboptimal reduction. We didn’t observe statistical differences in complication rates but found higher bleeding in patients with a poorer fracture reduction. Opening of fracture site tends to a higher infection rate and failure of the material without being statistically significant. We found higher percentage of patients who couldn’t walk after surgery in fractures with poor reductions, being statistically significant. Conclusions: Poor fracture reduction correlates with lower functional outcomes and quality of life of the patient, without conditioning an increase in infection rate or failure of the material.
Manejo de la patología cervical traumática urgente en nuestro medio. Caso clínico.
Authors: V PÉREZ-CLIMENT , K RAMÓN-LÓPEZ , JJ VALLS-VILALTA , JM , ROMERO-MARTÍNEZ , N FERNÁNDEZ-FERNÁNDEZ , L CUÑAT-NAVARRO , J POYATOS-CAMPOS
Published: January 2025

We present the case of a 52-year-old woman with traumatic C6/C7 fracture-dislocation without neurological symptoms. The decision was definitive treatment 48 hours later by a specialized surgery team in two stages: first, closed reduction and anterior approach, followed by posterior approach after 7 days. The patient's progress has been satisfactory, maintaining her ASIA grade. Cervical dislocations usually require urgent reduction. However, in our case, because the patient was neurologically intact, it allowed for a delayed treatment approach for the injury, as supported by various current bibliographic references.
Pseudotumor inflamatorio tras artroplastia total de cadera.
Authors: CE COBO-CERVANTES , MT WAS , H MARQUINA-FERRER , AD GONZÁLEZ-PÉREZ , A MARTÍNEZ-VÁSQUEZ
Published: January 2025

Inflammatory pseudotumor is a rare complication of total hip replacement, with few references in the scientific literature. For this reason, a case report of a 45-year-old patient with an inflammatory pseudotumor after a total hip replacement is presented.
Resultados de la reparación ligamentosa córaco-clavicular con el sistema Acu-Sinch, en lesiones asociadas a fractura del extremo distal de la clavícula.
Authors: A ARABÍ- SOLIVERES , A ESCRIVÀ-LLORET , A GREGORI-ROIG , L FURIÓ-SANCHIS , E , PASTOR-FERNÁNDEZ , DAMIAN MIFSUT-MIEDES
Published: January 2025

Neer type IIb distal clavicle fractures are considered unstable because the proximal fragment is detached from the coracoclavicular ligaments. Several fixation techniques have been described: hook plate, distal locking plate, coracoclavicular screws, transacromial Kirschner wires, suture anchors, ligamentous augmentation), however, these are not without disadvantages, such as nonunion, osteoporosis, osteosynthesis failure or delayed union. The aim of this study is to describe the effect of the anchor suture repair Acu-Sinch in distal clavicle fractures associated coracoclavicular ligament rupture. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study, from 2017 to 2022. 14 patients with distal clavicle fracture and coracoclavicular injury were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with locking distal plate and suture anchor Acu-Sinch. Primary endpoints we reviewed are Constant Score, duration of surgery, time until surgery, development of postoperative complications, if postoperative rehabilitation is undergone, and time of follow up. Results: Mean average of Constant Score was 88,43, the maximum score being 100 and the minimum 37. 11 out of the 14 patients reached a total score >90. In the different sections of Constant score, activities of daily living had a mean of 18,07 over 20, range of motion had a mean of 36,29 over 40 and strength had a mean of 21,50 over 25. Conclussion: Locking distal plate and suture anchor Acu-Sinch provide positive results thanks to the increased stability to distal clavicle fractures associated with coracoclavicular injury.
Método para un correcto vendaje tras cirugía de antepié.
Authors: L SIVERA-AGOST , S ALENDE-FERRO , N SEGURA-BUENO
Published: January 2025

Forefoot pathology is a very common problem and one of the main causes of consultation and surgical treatment in orthopedic surgery and traumatology.
Corrective bandages are a fundamental part of post-surgical management, requiring weekly changes for 4 weeks. Bandages are based on the placement of gauze, tape strips, and a bandage on the forefoot, with different traction vectors depending on the type of surgery. They are aimed at mitigating pain and, fundamentally, maintaining and consolidating the correction generated by the intervention. Nursing has an important role in the implementation and control of these bandages, which is why it is necessary to have a nursing guide or manual aimed at the procedure with the objective of standardizing its performance, reducing its variability and unifying criteria. For this purpose, a bibliographic review was carried out and, according to our experience, our own clinical guide was prepared.
Estudio epidemiológico sobre las lesiones traumáticas quirúrgicas de la mano durante los años 2022 y 2023 en el Departamento de Salud de Gandía.
Authors: D CANTÍN-VÁZQUEZ , D MIFSUT-MIEDES
Published: January 2025

The hand has played a crucial role in the development of humans. Traumatic injuries are among the most common types of injuries and occur in small and complex areas. Therefore, it is important to evaluate their incidence and characteristics to create an appropriate therapeutic plan. The objective was to determine the characteristics of traumatic hand injuries requiring surgical treatment, attended at the University Hospital Francesc de Borja. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective and observational study of patients treated in the orthopedic and trauma surgery service at Hospital Francesc de Borja between the years 2022 and 2023. RESULTS: A total of 164 cases were attended. There was a predominance of males (76%). The most affected age group was 31-40 years (19.5%), followed by 11-20 years (18.3%). The average age was 39.9 years. The most common cause of injury was accidental (58%). The most affected hand was the right one (57.3%). The season with the most injuries was summer (30%). The most common injury was a fracture (49.4%), and the second most frequent was an incised wound (31.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Traumatic hand injuries are more frequent in men, with incidence peaks between ages 41-50 and 11-20, especially in summer. Fractures are the most common type, predominantly affecting the phalanges and 5th metacarpal, with assaults and traffic accidents as the main causes in young men. Preventive measures and multivariate studies are recommended to improve prevention and treatment.
Rotura del poste de polietileno tibial de artroplastia póstero-estabilizada de rodilla en paciente con Síndrome postpoliomielitis.
Authors: DAMIAN MIFSUT-MIEDES , V HURTADO-OLIVER , F NAVÍO-FERNÁNDEZ , A ARABÍ-SOLIVERES , B PICAZO-GABALDÓN
Published: January 2025

Patients suffering from Post-Polio Syndrome (PPS) often have deformities in the lower limbs, with knee hyperextension, malalignment, instability, dysmetria, and over time, osteoarthritis. All of this causes pain and gait disturbance, and may require total knee arthroplasty. We present the case of a 54-year-old patient with a medical history of Post-Polio Syndrome, with involvement of the left leg, shortening of 4 cm and left pelvic tilt. Right hip dysplasia operated on in 2017 (Total Hip Arthroplasty). Patient with a total left knee prosthesis, Triathlon TS model with femoral and tibial stems from Stryker (Mahwah, NJ, USA), implanted in November 2015. The prosthesis was replaced in April 2024, observing the breakage of the polyethylene central post, with no signs of mechanical loosening of the femoral and tibial components. A cemented W-Link Endomodel M (Modular Knee Prosthesis System) rotating hinge type prosthesis was implanted. (Waldemar Link GmbH & Co. KG Joint Prostheses, Germany). CONCLUSION: Total knee arthroplasty is a valid indication for patients with PPS and gonarthrosis, but the neurological deficit, the ability to raise the leg and the power of the quadriceps must be adequately assessed when choosing the most appropriate prosthesis model, with greater or lesser constriction.
Gangrena simétrica periférica de los cuatro miembros: a propósito de un caso.
Authors: L PARRA-CALABUIG , A MELIÁ-TORÁN , I MIRANDA-GÓMEZ , MJ SANGÜESA-NEBOT
Published: January 2025

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is an uncommon clinical entity. It is caused by a vascular injury secondary to a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) mechanism. Its onset is unpredictable, and there are currently no therapeutic options to prevent or reverse its progression. For this reason, in most cases its treatment is nothing more than the treatment of the sequelae, consisting of limb amputation. We present a review of this topic based on a clinical case of an 83-year-old patient who developed necrosis of all four limbs after a stay in the ICU for a urinary septic shock.
Novedosa transferencia tendinosa de redondo mayor en parálisis braquial obstétrica y comparativa con técnica gold standard.
Authors: J GUTIÉRREZ-PEREIRA , JL BATALLER-ALBORCH , F PAULOS-DOS SANTOS , A GARCÍA-LÓPEZ
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Brachial Plexus Birth Injury generally affects the upper roots of the brachial plexus and can cause an imbalance of rotatory forces acting on the glenohumeral joint that leads to progressive dysplasia of the joint with functional repercussions on the upper limb. Methods: The results of the teres major transfer with section of the coracohumeral ligament are retrospectively compared with the functional results of the latissimus dorsi transfer. All patients underwent surgery at our center from January 2012 to December 2022. Functional assessment was performed with the range of motion (ROM) and the Mallet scale. Results: A total of 40 patients underwent surgery, 20 underwent teres major transfer and 20 underwent latissimus dorsi transfer. In both cohorts, section of the coracohumeral ligament was also performed. The mean age of the total cohort was 3.9 years (range 2.7 - 4.8). In the cohort that underwent teres major transfer, the mean gain in active abduction, active external rotation, and passive external rotation was +77º, +44º, and +46º; In the cohort that underwent latissimus dorsi transfer, the gain was +46º, +27º, +24º, respectively. Conclusion: Transfer of the teres major tendon to the supraspinatus tendon together with transection of the coracohumeral ligament significantly improves shoulder abduction and external rotation in patients with obstetric brachial palsy with internal rotation contracture and appears to be a better therapeutic option than tendon transfer. from latissimus dorsi to supraspinatus by offering better functional results.
Osteosíntesis mediante placa vs clavo endomedular en las fracturas de húmero proximal. Una revisión sistemática.
Authors: M DÁVILA-ÁLVAREZ , I MIRANDA , FJ MIRANDA
Published: January 2025

Aim: to analyze the current evidence on the surgical treatment of proximal humeral fractures, comparing the functional results and associated complications of plate osteosynthesis and nail osteosynthesis. The initial hypothesis was that osteosynthesis with intramedullary nail presents results as satisfactory as fixation with plate but with a lower complication rate. Methods: a systematic review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, using the PubMed and Cochrane Central databases. The search was performed on February 26, 2024, with the following terms: (Proximal humeral fracture) AND (nail) AND (plate) NOT (shaft). The Joanna Briggs Institute's quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the selected trials. Results: five clinical trials (level of evidence I) comparing plate osteosynthesis and intramedullary nail in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures were included. All trials conclude that both fixations had similar functional results, and 4 of the 5 trials found a higher number of complications in the group treated with looking plates. Conclusions: Osteosynthesis with plates and osteosynthesis with nails are valid surgical options for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures. Postoperative functional results are similar in both groups, but fewer complications associated with treatment with intramedullary nails have been described, confirming the initial hypothesis of this work.
Resultados funcionales y radiológicos a largo plazo tras la implantación del balón subacromial en pacientes con rotura masiva del manguito rotador.
Authors: A GREGORI-ROIG , V HURTADO-OLIVER , L FURIÓ-SANCHIS , A ESCRIVÀ-LLORET , A ARABÍ-SOLIVERES , DAMIAN MIFSUT-MIEDES
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study evaluates the functional and radiological outcomes after subacromial spacer implantation in patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears, hypothesizing that this technique provides significant improvements in function and pain control without compromising clinical outcomes despite radiological progression. Methods: A two-phase observational study was conducted. The first phase included 27 patients (28 shoulders) treated between 2014 and 2016, with an average follow-up of 8 months. In the second phase, 22 patients were re-evaluated after an average of 7.5 years. Functional outcomes were assessed by Constant score and satisfaction surveys, while radiological outcomes included subacromial space measurements and osteoarthritis progression. Results: Constant scores improved significantly from 34.6 preoperatively to 55.8 at 8 months (p<0.005) and 94.3 at 7.5 years (p<0.005). Patient satisfaction remained high (mean 8.7/10). Radiological assessments showed a reduction in the subacromial space from 0.68 cm preoperatively to 0.47 cm at 7.5 years, along with progression of osteoarthritis, although with no significant correlation to functional outcomes (p>0.005). Conclusion: Subacromial spacer implantation demonstrates sustained functional improvements and high levels of long-term satisfaction. Despite radiological progression, clinical outcomes remain robust, supporting its use as a minimally invasive option for patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears.
Cirugía de rescate tras fracaso de trapecectomía por colapso del primer metacarpiano. A propósito de un caso.
Authors: L ARBELOA-GUTIERREZ , L MUÑOA , L OTXOA , O PENA , A ARENAS-MIQUELEZ
Published: January 2025

Trapecectomy associated with ligamentous reconstruction is the most widely used technique for the treatment of trapezio-metacarpal osteoarthritis. Despite the high success and satisfaction rate of this technique, it sometimes fails and represents a surgical challenge for the orthopedic surgeon. The main cause of revision is pain due to the collapse of the first metacarpal over the scaphoid. Surgical options are multiple without a consensus on the best technique to salvage this complication.
Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development
Authors: Rajesh Aiswarya M. , Pawar Shraddha Subhash , Doriya Kruthi , Dandela Rambabu
Published: January 2025

Antibiotic resistance is a significant threat to public health and drug development, driven largely by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in medical and agricultural settings. As bacteria adapt to evade current drugs, managing bacterial infections has become increasingly challenging, leading to prolonged illnesses, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality. This review explores the critical role of antibiotics in fighting infections and the mechanisms that enable bacteria to resist them. Key antibiotics discussed include carvacrol, dalbavancin, quinolones, fluoroquinolones, and zoliflodacin, each with unique actions against bacterial pathogens. Bacteria have evolved complex resistance strategies, such as enzyme production to neutralize drugs, modifying drug targets, and using efflux pumps to remove antibiotics, significantly reducing drug efficacy. Additionally, the review examines the challenges in antibiotic development, including a declining discovery rate of novel drugs due to high costs and regulatory complexities. Innovative approaches, such as structure-based drug design, combination therapies, and new delivery systems, are highlighted for their potential to create compounds with enhanced action against resistant strains. This review provides valuable insights for researchers and developers aiming to combat antibiotic resistance and advance the development of robust antibacterial therapies for future health security.
From botany to bedside: a review of the health benefits of Lycium barbarum as a functional food
Authors: Berisha Alois , Alexa Elena-Alexandra , Kelleher Robbie , Zhang Tao
Published: January 2025

Native to East Asia and predominantly cultivated in regions such as the Ningxia Hui and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Regions of China, Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum), commonly known as goji berry, has a long history in traditional medicine and is gaining recognition in contemporary health research. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of its botanical characteristics, pharmacokinetics, and safety, alongside a critical evaluation of human clinical studies investigating its therapeutic potential. Key health benefits include immune modulation, antioxidative effects, mental health support, ocular health preservation, and metabolic and cardiovascular regulation. Furthermore, its role in addressing age-related macular degeneration and chronic conditions such as cancer and metabolic syndrome is highlighted. The bioactivity of L. barbarum is attributed to its rich composition of polysaccharides, carotenoids, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and metabolic-regulating properties. This review also examines the safety profile of L. barbarum, considering its side effects, toxicity, potential contamination, and interactions with medications, emphasising the importance of balancing its health-promoting properties with cautious consumption. Despite promising findings, gaps in the evidence base, including the need for larger, long-term, and rigorously controlled trials, remain significant barriers to clinical translation. By integrating traditional medicinal knowledge with modern scientific insights, this review underscores L. barbarum’s potential as a functional food and therapeutic agent. Its unique pharmacological properties and broad applicability position it as a valuable tool for health promotion and disease prevention, while highlighting areas requiring further research to optimise its safe and effective use.
Experimental models of aging
Authors: Garanin A. A. , Gromova O. A. , Bogacheva T. E.
Published: January 2025

Aging is the result of combined changes in many biological processes that are associated with impaired functional status in humans and increase the risk of chronic pathologies. Since there are a number of insurmountable difficulties in conducting clinical studies on humans, it is necessary to resort to experimental modeling of key signs of aging and associated pathologies.

However, all the used models of aging are far from perfect, since there are a number of factors that do not allow a full comparison of the mechanisms of the aging process in humans and animals. This article presents the main experimental models of aging and determines their advantages and disadvantages in the context of potential studies.
2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol): blood content in rats after intravenous administration and chemical resistance
Authors: Alexandrov V. A. , Tochilnikov G. V. , Shatik S. V. , Stukov A. N. , Beljaeva O. A. , Bashkatova E. V. , Dranishnikov V. G. , Semiglazova T. Yu.
Published: January 2025

Background. The domestic antitumor compound 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol) has high antitumor activity on a wide range of experimental tumors.

Goal. To study the content of chlonisol in the blood of rats at different times after intravenous administration and its chemical stability in 0.9 % sodium chloride solution, urine and blood serum.

Methods. The concentration of chlonisol in various media was determined by HPLC. In vivo studies on 10 male rats with a body weight of 180–200 g. the concentration of chlonisol in the blood of rats was determined 2, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after its intravenous administration at a dose of 40 mg/kg. In in vitro experiments, a 0.1 % solution of chlonisol was incubated at 37 °C in three media: 0.9 % sodium chloride solution, blood serum and urine. Aliquots were selected at different intervals and analyzed for the content of chlonisol. The stability of chlonisol was evaluated in relation to its concentration before and after incubation, expressed as a percentage.

Results. When chlonisol was administered intravenously at a dose of 40 mg/kg to rats, its complete disappearance from the blood was observed within 2 hours. The half-life was 27 minutes. Of the three media studied in vitro experiments, chlonisol was the most stable in 0.9 % sodium chloride solution(89 % of the initial level after 10 hours of incubation at 37 °C). Less stable, but for a long time – in urine (60 % of the initial after 1 hour of incubation and 37 % after 2 hours). The lowest resistance of chlonisol was in the blood serum (a decrease in concentration to 11 % after 1 hour and to 0 after 2 hours of incubation).

Conclusion. The results obtained allow us to make assumptions about possible ways of using chlonisol: The high stability of chlonisol in 0.9 % sodium chloride solution will allow its long-term drip intravenous infusions, as well as perfusion intraarterial chemotherapy. Maintaining the concentration of chlonisol in urine at 60 % of the initial level for 1 hour will allow the use of intravesical instillations of chlonisol in superficial bladder cancer.
Prognostic impact of clinical and genetic factors on delayed elimination of methotrexate in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Gurieva O. D. , Savelyeva M. I. , Valiev T. T. , Varfolomeeva S. R. , Ilyin M. V.
Published: January 2025

Background. Methotrexate (MTX) in high doses (1000–5000 mg/m2), occupies one of the leading places in modern programs of therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. Achievement of high long-term survival rates in children with ALL has become possible thanks to this drug. However, no less important problem is the toxicity of the treatment and prediction of its efficacy and safety, in this regard, the role of pharmacogenetic studies in the identification of polymorphisms in candidate genes affecting the pharmacokinetics of MTX is increasing.

Objective. To determine predictors of delayed elimination of methotrexate using pharmacokinetic biomarkers in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Materials and methods. We prospectively analyzed the database of pediatric patients with ALL within the framework of an observational (cohort) singlecenter study. The study included 124 children diagnosed with ALL who received therapy according to the ALL-IC BFM 2009 protocol including high-dosed MTX. Real-time PCR method was used to study polymorphisms of ABCB1 and SLCO1B1 genes. The study material was peripheral blood. Statistical analysis ofpharmacogenetic biomarkers influence on toxicity and efficacy of therapy was performed using SPSS Statistics 26.0 program (USA). To form mathematical prognostic models, we used the method of logistic function construction using binary logistic regression with step-by-step selection of factors and, if necessary, additional construction of ROC-curves with subsequent ROC-analysis. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05; at p ≥ 0.05, differences were considered unlikely and statistically insignificant.

Results. Based on the results of the conducted complex analysis of efficacy and safety of high-dosed MTX therapy, a reliable (p < 0.001) prognostic model with high sensitivity, specificity and efficacy (>70 %, respectively) was developed, demonstrating the interrelationships of clinical and genetic factors influencing the delay of MTX elimination in children with ALL, which confirms the necessity of implementing pharmacogenetic testing in real clinical practice.

Conclusion. Determination of polymorphisms of genes providing transport and metabolism of cytostatics should be used in practical work of oncohematological clinics for individualization of therapy and ensuring its safety.
Нepatoprotective еffects of lithium ascorbate on a model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with iron overload
Authors: Bogacheva T. E. , Kalacheva A. G. , Gromova O. A. , Torshin I. Yu. , Grishina T. R. , Garanin A. A.
Published: January 2025

Lithium ascorbate is a lithium salt with normothymic and neuroprotective properties. In an experimental model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with multiorgan pathology caused by combined consumption of excessive amounts of saturated fats, carbohydrates and inorganic iron salt, the use of lithium ascorbate showed pronounced hepatoprotective effects. The introduction of lithium ascorbate reduced the level of ferritin and transferrin saturation, the content of serum iron, AST, ALT, serum creatinine, leukocytes and normalized the level of serum protein and the rate of glomerular filtration. Lithium ascorbate reduced the increased content of reticulocytes and platelets to control values, restored the levels of vitamins C, B12 in the blood and reduced the number of Kupffer cells in the liver, which were overloaded with iron. The hepatoprotective effect of lithium ascorbate was confirmed histologically. The ability of the neuroprotector lithium ascorbate to reduce the level of hemosiderosis can be used in the treatment of patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
OPTIMALISASI PELAYANAN TENAGA KESEHATAN TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PASIEN DI KLINIK RAWAT INAP AMPELGADING MEDICAL CENTRE KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Lestari Asih Sri
Published: January 2025

Service optimization of health workers is maximizing health workers service in give health care to patient. Health care is directly or indirectly activity which produce health services in accordance with community needs to overcome their health problems. Health service quality as consistent patient satisfaction by providing efficacious, effective and efficient health services in accordance with the latest clinical guidelines and standards, which fulfill patient needs and satisfy service providers. Service quality approach that is often used as a reference is the quality model with the SERVEQUAL (Service Quality) method which can be used to determine service quality. This model was developed with five dimensions of service quality, such as tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with case studies. The collected data analyzed using descriptive methods. Based on results data collection with patient, patient family, health workers and management, AMC Clinic has succeeded in fulfilling the reliability, responsiveness and assurance dimensions very well. This can be shown by the satisfied informant about received health care by the patient and the patient's family. The empathy dimension still needs to be optimized again by periodically monitoring the patient's condition.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MATURITY OF VIRTUAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Azaryan Elena Mikhailovna , Melentieva Oksana Vladimirovna
Published: January 2025

It is determined that marketing activities in the virtual market have been significantly modernized based on the introduction of digital technologies into the business process of development of enterprises that are direct participants in the market of goods and services and business entities in the activities of marketplaces. It is clarified that the key task of developing the marketing activities of marketplaces in the virtual market is to increase the traffic of buyers in the digital environment who want to purchase goods and services in the virtual market, increase the number of sellers in the virtual market, increase the level of digital maturity and digital potential of virtual market participants. The level of digital maturity indicates the company's readiness to implement digital technologies, the ability to meet digital characteristics and the possibility of digital transformation of business processes in general.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF UROLITHIASIS IN CATS
Authors: Voityuk Yulia Vladimirovna
Published: January 2025

The urolithiasis disease of cats, urolithiasis, which is currently increasingly common in mongrel cats, as well as in cats of the Maine Coon, British, Persian, Bengal, and Scottish breeds, has been studied. A number of factors contributing to the development of this disease have been identified. Recommendations for proper care of cats to avoid the development of this disease have been given.
GENESIS OF DEFINITION OF CRIMINALISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CRIMES IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Authors: Khmelnitskaya Tatyana Vladimirovna , Nesterenko Stanislav Evgenievich
Published: January 2025

This article examines the genesis of the definition of forensic characteristics of crimes.
FORMATION OF A CONCEPTUAL AND TERMINOLOGICAL APPARATUS ON ISSUES OF FINANCIAL STABILITY OF AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Salita Svetlana Viktorovna , Ivanyuk Irina Viktorovna
Published: January 2025

The article examines the essential aspects of financial stability as the main parameter for ensuring the financial and economic security of an enterprise. A decomposition of the concept of "financial stability" is formulated with its characteristic goals, assessment features and role in the system of ensuring financial and economic security.
ACTIVITY OF LIPOPEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS COMBINED WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Khabarova Alina Valeryevna , Sotckaya Jana Anatol'evna , Salamekh Karim Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) contribute to the development of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is accompanied by activation of lipid peroxidation processes with the release of enzymes into the blood, causing the syndrome of endogenous ‘metabolic’ intoxication, as well as changes in the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant defence system.
THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN HEADACHE DEVELOPMENT AND SEVERITY AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Naprienko Margarita Valentinovna , Polukarov Nikolay Viktorovich , Zharashueva Leilia Arturovna
Published: January 2025

Objective: To assess headache (HA) prevalence among students and its link to physical activity. Results: HA worsened in 43% of students after activity, with no effect in 57%. Correlations: activity and HA exacerbation (r = 0.527), sports and HA frequency (r = -0.198), HA and neck pain (r = 0.496).