bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Yoga on Memory in Elderly Women
Authors: R Vaezi Aliakbar , Dehghani Tafti Arefeh , Behzadi Goodari Sanaz , Bidaki Reza
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Cognitive impairment rate such as memory loss increases because of aging as a natural process. Based on the evidence, physical activity can lead to improved mental and cognitive function and also plays a preventive role against reducing cognitive function.  the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of yoga exercises on memory of elderly women.
Methods: This experimental study was a randomized, controlled clinical trial that was conducted in 2018. Two elderly day care centers in Yazd city ,in central  Iran were selected and randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Then, according to the inclusion criteria, eligible people were selected from the centers and enrolled in the study. Participants were 58 elderly women who were assigned to control (n: 29) and intervention (n: 29) groups. Yoga exercises were held for 2 months (three 1-h sessions a week) for intervention group. The Wechsler Memory Scale was completed for both groups before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The mean score of memory in the intervention group before intervention was 77.7 ± 17.8 and after the intervention reached 86.4 ± 17.3, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05), but in control group, no significant difference was observed. In the intervention group, mental control, logical and visual memory subscales increased significantly (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in other subscales. There was no significant difference in any of the subscales in control group (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: To improve the memory of the elderly, physical activity such as yoga exercise can be helpful. The elderly can routinely practice these exercises in elderly care centers.
Relationship between Nutritional Status and Late-Life Depression in Esfarayen, Iran
Authors: Sadeghi Ahmad , Jafari Hasan , Rouhani Hossein , Eidy Fereshteh , Zhiani Fard Akram , Davoodi Najmeh
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Since nutritional status has a great impact on physical and mental health, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between nutritional status and depression in elderly referring to urban health centers of Esfarayn, North Khorasan province, Iran) in 2017.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 250 elderly referring to Esfarayen health centers. Data collecting tool was a standard questionnaire for investigating nutritional and depression status in the elderly. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, chi-square and correlation coefficient by SPSS18 software.
Results: According to the results, 8.4% of elderly were malnourished and 30% were exposed to malnutrition. There was an inverse correlation between age, number of children and nutritional status, and there was a significant relationship between living alone, underlying diseases, body mass index and nutritional status (p < 0.05). Forthy four percent of the elderly had severe depression and 40% had mild depression. Significant relationship was found between variables such as age, gender, education, economic status, living alone, underlying diseases and depression (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between depression and nutritional status in the elderly (p <0.001, r = -0.615).
Conclusion: Depression is prevalent among elderly, and their nutritional status is in moderate level. Regarding the correlation between these two variables, periodical psychiatric examinations, psychological interventions with the aim of treating depression as well as educational measures to improve the nutrition statues of the elderly is necessary.
In-Hospital Elderly Mortality in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Care Center
Authors: Obiora Uchendu Jude
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The elderly represent a significant proportion of the populace and their mortality index is of public health significance. With dearth of vital registration, in-hospital based studies remains a desirable alternative. This study hopes to determine the epidemiologic pattern of elderly mortality with respect to sex, age, date and cause of death.
Methods: This is descriptive retrospective study of elderly deaths among hospitalized patients in a Nigerian Tertiary Care Center. The age, sex, date and causes of death were analyzed using SPSS 21 and results summarized in tables and figures. 
Results: Elderly death constitute 24.7% of all hospital deaths with a crude mortality of 25.3%. Males constitute majority of the cases and 81.6% of the deaths occur within the 7th and 8th decades. Non-communicable diseases, communicable diseases and injuries constitute 80%, 12.5% and 7.6% of the cases respectively. Major specific causes of death include cerebrovascular accident, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, sepsis, diabetes mellitus, road traffic accident, prostate and colorectal cancers accounting for 28.8%, 8.7%, 5.7%, 5.3%, 4.9%, 3.8%, 3.4% and 3.0% of all cases respectively.
Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviours Regarding Medication Use among Older People Suffering from Chronic Diseases
Authors: Ozkan Ilknur , Taskin Yilmaz Feride , Karakoc Kumsar Azime , Uyar Kamile
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Physiological changes occurring with aging increase prevalence of chronic diseases in elderly individuals. This situation brings about difficulties in medication use in elderly individuals. This study was conducted to determine knowledge, attitude and behaviours regarding medication use in elderly with chronic diseases.
Methods: Participants of this descriptive and cross-sectional study were 124 elderly individuals who were more than 65 years old, applied to Family Health Center in Yalova, Turkey between the dates of January- June 2018. Data were collected with data collection form including individual and disease information, medication use and knowledge, attitude and behaviours regarding medication use.
Results: Almost half of the elderly individuals (44.4%) expressed that they used medicine three times a day and 40.3% of them expressed that they used medicine six times and more a day. When the information about medication use of elderly individuals is evaluated, 75% of them stated that they did not receive any information on drug use and 82.3% of them did not know the side effects of drugs. When the attitudes of the individuals were evaluated, it was found that 6.5% of them liked to use medication, 67.7% of them had no dose, and 46% of them had stopped using medication without asking the physician. When the behaviors of elderly individuals were evaluated, 19.4% of them didn’t use their medicines regularly, 46% of them discontinued their medication without asking their doctors, 82.3% of them didn’t know side effect of the medicines, 81.5% of them used medicines without doctor’s advice, 79.8% of them didn’t read medicine usage instructions before using medicines, 12.9% of them kept their medicines in their bags and 55.6% of them kept them in a cabinet.
Conclusion: Significant problems such as lack of information about drug use in elderly individuals and self-medication use have been identified.
The Effectiveness of a Chronic Disease Self-Management Program for Elderly People: a Systematic Review
Authors: Mansoor Khairunnisa , Maqbool Ahmed Khuwaja Hussain
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Elderly population is increasing in Pakistan. Majority of people aged 50 – 64, suffer from two or more chronic conditions. Care of elderly people is sub-optimal. Healthcare system has limited resources to provide healthcare support to elderly people. Thus, there is need to empower the elderly to self-manage their health conditions. Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) is the most widely accepted self-management patient education program. It is designed to help people to gain confidence and skills to better manage their chronic conditions. Evidence of the effectiveness of CDSMP specifically for elderly people aged 60 years and above is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to determine the effects of the program among chronically ill elderly people.
Methods: MEDLINED, CINHAL, EMBASE, PSYINFO, JBI and ASSIA were searched between April and May, 2020 for studies that tested the effects of generic CDSMP. A total of 750 articles were identified, of which 5 were included in the core review (four randomized controlled trials and one quasi-experimental). 
Results: Eligible 5 studies yielded 2971 participants (mean aged 60.4 to 76.0 years). Elder people who participated in CDSMP improved their self-efficacy to manage disease in general and to manage symptoms. The effects on health status were mixed. Self-rated health and health distress showed significant improvement. Some health behaviours showed improvement, particularly exercise component showed significant improvement. For health services utilization, there was no improvement. 
Conclusion: The result of this review suggests that CDSMP is beneficial for elderly people who attended the structured CDSMP either through a trained care provider or layman. Experimental studies in low and middle income countries, with large sample sizes are suggested to further understand the impact of CDSMP.
Frailty Screening Tools: Frail Detection to Primary Assessment
Authors: Aseye Nutakor Jonathan , Kwame Gavu Alexander
Published: June 2020

Frailty is a vulnerable situation among older adults which can lead to unfavorable health outcomes such as falls, mortality, functional decline and institutionalization. The increasing number of elderly people and low rate of mortality has necessitated the need for high-quality medical services for this aging population, and this has led to a high cost of geriatric health care. There exist a huge number of screening tools to detect frailty and it is important for researchers and general practitioners (GPs) to select the appropriate and precise tool that would effectively lead to quality results. Frail individuals can be managed effectively when there is an early screening and intervention. Healthcare providers need tools that are simple and validated in order for screening and interventions to become effective. Self-reported frailty screening tools are very simple to use, not expensive and test results can be interpreted by non-health professionals. This work reviewed some of the commonly used frailty screening tools, and proposed a practical approach that would assist GPs in assessing frailty in older adults.
Osteoporosis Risk Prediction Using Data Mining Algorithms
Authors: Jabarpour Efat , Abedini Amin , Keshtkar Abbasali
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a disease that reduces bone density and loses the quality of bone microstructure leading to an increased risk of fractures. It is one of the major causes of inability and death in elderly people. The current study aims at determining the factors influencing the incidence of osteoporosis and providing a predictive model for the disease diagnosis to increase the diagnostic speed and reduce diagnostic costs.
Methods: An Individual's data including personal information, lifestyle, and disease information were reviewed. A new model has been presented based on the Cross-Industry Standard Process CRISP methodology. Besides, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Bayes methods (Tree Augmented Naïve Bayes (TAN)) and Clementine12 have been used as data mining tools.
Results: Some features have been detected to affect this disease. The rules have been extracted that can be used as a pattern for the prediction of the patients' status. Classification precision was calculated to be 88.39% for SVM, and 91.29% for  (TAN) when the precision of  TAN  is higher comparing to other methods.
Conclusion: The most effective factors concerning osteoporosis are detected and can be used for a new sample with defined characteristics to predict the possibility of osteoporosis in a person.
The Mediating Role of Resilience and Diabetes Distress in Relationship between Depression and Treatment Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes among Iranian Patients
Authors: Rahimi Masoumeh , Jalali Mahsa , Nouri Rababeh , Rahimi Mojgan
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The coexistence of mental health problems in diabetic patients can lead to poor disease management, lack of adherence to treatment, and poor quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the mediating role of resilience and diabetes distress in the relationship between depression and treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes among Iranian patients.
Methods: It is a type of analytical study conducted from 2019 to 2020. The statistical population of this study consisted of all-diabetic patients in Tehran. The subjects (200) were selected after purposeful clinical evaluation and qualification of research. In this study, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Persian Version of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8, Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS), Conner & Davison Resilience Scale (CDRS) were used to collect the data. Pearson correlation test by SPSS version 24 and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in AMOS software version 22 were used for analysis (P<0.05).
Results: In the present study, most participants (about 36.5%) were in the age group of 56-65 and 58.5% of them were female. According to the results, the variables of depression and diabetes distress has a negative and significant correlation with adherence to treatment (r= -.408, p<0.05). The resiliency has a positive and significant correlation with adherence to treatment (r= 0.414, p<0.05). The result, by multiplying the two non-standard coefficients that constitute the intermediate variable paths by the standard error of the product, showed depression has an indirect effect on adherence to treatment by mediating the role of resiliency and diabetes distress.
Conclusion: The findings showed a link between depression, diabetes pain, endurance, and treatment adherence. Resilience and anxiety from diabetes play a mediating role between depression and adherence to care. Therefore, paying attention to patient resilience may lead to improved depression and diabetes distress in patients with diabetes, and it may be a useful way to increase the patient’s involvement in treatment adherence.
Investigating the Relationship between Job Compatibility and Controlling Job Stress with Nurses' Performance: A Case Study on Shiraz State Hospitals
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Alireza , Alvani Jamal al-Din
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Performance is considered as the predicted criterion in the framework offered in this study. This framework serves as a tool for judging the effectiveness of individuals, groups, and organizations. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between job compatibility and controlling job stress with nurses' performance in 2020.
Methods: The present study was performed by a descriptive-correlation method with applied nature in 2020. The statistical population includes nurses working in Shiraz state hospitals (Namazi, Shahid Faghihi, and Hafez). The sample size was calculated according to Cochran's formula of 196 nurses and the sampling method was performed in Stratified Sampling. In this study, researchers’ self-made questionnaire with three main sections, 13 questions, and a five-option Likert scale was used, from completely agree to disagree. Cronbach's alphas reliability was calculated to be 77.4 in the questionnaire and its validity was obtained using the opinion of experts. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS ver. 22 software and to examine the normality of the data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. Due to the non-normality of the data, Spearman test, Durbin-Watson statistics, statistics F and statistics T and regression model have been used at a confidence level of %95.
Results: According to statistical analysis, the mean and standard deviation of the variable of job compatibility were 3.368 and 1.15, the variable of job stress control were 3.084, 1.17, and the variable of the performance of nurses were 3.408 and 1.02. Also, the Coefficient of determination is 0.887, and Spearman's correlation at a significance level of 0.001 between job compatibility with a performance of 0.731 and stress control with performance is calculated as 0.651.
Conclusion: Job compatibility leads to people’s effective performance and a positive attitude towards the new job role, and also reduces the high level of stress. Furthermore, work stress causes physical and psychological damage, so personal and organizational performance will be improved by controlling it.
The Effectiveness of the Native Training Model Designed Based on Lazarus Theory and Behavioral Planning Theory in the Consolidation of Family Functioning: A case study
Authors: Iranizadeh Jallal , Zarei Mahmoodabadi Hassan , Vaziri Saeed , Afshani Seyed Alireza
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Recently, consolidation of family functioning is considered as one of the most important solutions for elevating and strengthening marital life. Therefore, benefiting from family strengthening approaches is so truly significant. This research aims at investigating the effectiveness of the native model based on Lazarus theory and behavioral planning theory on the consolidation of family functioning.
Method: This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and control group. The population includes all the couples referring to counseling and psychotherapy centers of Yazd Province, in Iran, 2019. Purposive sampling was used to select 34 couples who have the inclusion criteria, and they were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The couples answered the family consolidation questionnaire designed by Movahed et al. The experimental group received 11 sessions of interventions extracted from the localized Lazarus model and behavioral planning theory. Finally, data analysis was done by SPSS version 16 and an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The significance level of research was considered to be α=0.05
Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the estimated mean score of the family consolidation in the experimental and control groups. Also, the findings suggest that compared with the control group, the posttest scores of the performance, problem-solving, relationship, emotional involvement, emotional support, role play, behavioral control, media, and superstition have been improved in the experimental group. This significant difference results from the training intervention. However, the variable of religious beliefs has not changed significantly.
Conclusion: The training intervention done by the model has developed based on Lazarus theory and behavioral planning theory which can consolidate the family functioning.
Effect of o-MMT content on properties of Poly (vinyl chloride)/Poly (acrylonitrile styrene acrylate) blends
Authors: KÖKÇAN Yunus Emre , TAMER Yasemin
Published: June 2020

In this study, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/poly(acrylonitrile styrene acrylate)
(ASA)/ organophilic montmorillonite (o-MMT) nanocomposites were prepared and
the effects of o-MMT content on the properties of PVC/ASA blends were
investigated. Surface morphology studies of the o-MMT
containing blends were also performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
The thermal stability, mechanical properties and water
absorption percentage of the nanocomposites were studied. TGA test results showed that o-MMT inclusion enhanced the thermal stability of
PVC/ASA/o-MMT nanocomposites and the Td50 decomposition temperature
increased by 7.5 ˚C
when the o-MMT content is 10 wt%. The tensile strength value of the neat blend was
obtained as 32.51 MPa and found to increase as 36.01 MPa when the o-MMT content
is 6 wt% in the system. The water absorption test results demonstrated that the
water-resistance of the samples enhanced as the o-MMT content increased. Moreover,
PVC/ASA blends experienced a significant increase in the contact angle by the
presence of hydrophobic o-MMT. The weathering test results demonstrate that the
PVC/ASA/o-MMT nanocomposite films can be used for outdoor applications without
losing their properties too much.
Célula de Desacoplamento de Potência para Microinversores Fotovoltaicos
Authors: Pereira Thiago A. , Schmitz Lenon , Horn Thamires P. , Martins Denizar C. , Coelho Roberto F.
Published: June 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma célula ativa de desacoplamento de potência aplicada à mitigação da ondulação de tensão de um microinversor fotovoltaico de dois estágios. Essa célula é projetada para ser acoplada ao barramento CC principal do microinversor e desviar a ondulação de 120 Hz para um barramento secundário, configurando uma alternativa viável ao uso de capacitores eletrolíticos, usualmente empregados com esse propósito. O artigo traz uma revisão bibliográfica que aponta para as principais topologias e estratégias de controle normalmente utilizadas em células de desacoplamento de potência, detalha o equacionamento voltado ao seu dimensionamento e apresenta resultados experimentais considerando duas estratégias de controle distintas. Tais resultados comprovam a habilidade da célula de desacoplamento em mitigar a componente de 120 Hz da tensão do barramento CC, reduzindo-a de 7,2% para apenas 1,1%.
Experimental Evaluation of a Multifunctional System Single-Stage Pv-Shunt Active Filter Under Partial Shading Conditions
Authors: Costa P. Robson M. , De Castro Marcus R. , Machado Isaac R. , Junior Edilson M. de Sá
Published: June 2020

Distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is becoming more popular. Similarly, the number of electronic loads has increased along with the need to improve power quality. The PV-Shunt Active Filter (PV-SAF) is a system capable of injecting the PV power generated in the electrical grid and eliminating harmonics of current and reactive power of the local installation load. In the single-stage topology, the PV array is connected directly to the SAF DC bus, without the need for an intermediate DC-DC converter. In this paper, a three-phase single-stage PV-SAF system is evaluated in partial shading conditions. For this, a Global Maximum Power Point Tracking (GMPPT) technique capable of quickly tracking the point of maximum power even in the presence of several peaks in the power-voltage curve of the PV array is proposed. A night-time mode is implemented for the system operation when there is no PV generation. The instantaneous power theory and the adaptive hysteresis band current controller are used to control the SAF currents. The results obtained through an experimental prototype show that the PV-SAF system with the control strategies adopted is capable of simultaneously injecting into the grid the maximum power of the PV system and compensating harmonics and reactive power.
SOCIAL ACTOR REPRESENTATION ANALYSIS ON THE JAKARTA POST ONLINE NEWS OF PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
Authors: Sholihah Nuri Hidayatus , Degaf Agwin
Published: June 2020

Social actor representation (SAR) is an interesting topic to be analyzed. Through the analysis of the social actor in the news, it invites readers to have critical thinking. In this research, the social actors proposed are the two pair candidates of the 2019 presidential election; Jokowi- Ma’ruf and Prabowo- Sandi. The research has consisted of two research questions. First is, how are the exclusion strategy used in the Jakarta Post online news to represent the social actor. Second is how are the inclusion strategy used in the Jakarta Post online news to represent the social actor. By using the theory of Van Leeuwen (2008), the result of this research shows that the journalist of the Jakarta Post mostly used inclusion strategy rather than the exclusion strategy.The identification strategy is mostly used to get support from the public. The identification is practical in figuring out and portraying a social actor. Journalists represent related to the identity that exists in a figure. The portrayal of the social actors through the identity attached to them can certainly invite more attention to readers.
Colombia. La construcción de una narrativa de la memoria histórica como proceso político
Authors: Rodríguez Pinzón Erika Maria
Published: June 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo tratar la memoria en Colombia desde el punto de visto del discurso político y de las políticas públicas. Este doble abordaje supone enfrentar la paradójica construcción de una narrativa sobre la guerra, en un país en el que hasta hace relativamente poco se negó la existencia de un conflicto armado, y más aún, en el que no existe un consenso sobre la denominación de los múltiples procesos violentos, que ha atravesado a lo largo de su historia. Se aborda un análisis de la construcción social de los procesos de memoria para confrontarlos con los discursos políticos y con la articulación reciente en las políticas públicas del actual proceso de postconflicto.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PROSES SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING WANITA KARIR DI KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Oktiwanti Lesi , Yuliani Lulu , Qomariah Dede Nurul
Published: June 2020

Modernisasi dan globalisasi mengharuskan wanita karir mampu membagi peran baik dalam urusan keluarga maupun dalam karirnya. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh wanita karir guna menghadapi berbagai perubahan yang terjadi salah satunya yakni belajar mandiri. Belajar mandiri atau dikenal dengan self-directed learning (SDL) merupakan suatu proses dimana individu mengambil inisiatif dengan atau tanpa bantuan orang lain dalam memenuhi kebutuhan belajarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh dimensi person dan konteks terhadap dimensi proses belajar mandiri pada wanita karir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan populasi sebanyak 4024 wanita karir dengan sampel 100 orang (α=0,1) yang diambil secara simple random sampling di sepuluh Kecamatan di Kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan April hingga Oktober 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa person dan konteks berpengaruh sebesar 65,8% terhadap proses belajar mandiri wanita karir di Kota Tasikmalaya. Dukungan Konteks pada proses belajar mandiri lebih tinggi pengaruhnya dibandingkan dengan kemampuan personal wanita karir. Wanita karir yang memiliki kemampuan personal yang bagus jika didukung oleh konteks yang memadai akan membuat proses belajar mandiri wanita karir optimal dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme kerja dan ketahanan keluarganya. Dukungan konteks ini khususnya dukungan keluarga, kebijakan organisasi, dan kebijakan pemerintah. Rekomendasi atas penelitian ini yakni: a) perlu adanya dukungan dan kerjasama dari pihak keluarga, instansi dan pemerintah dalam memfasilitasi proses belajar mandiri yang dilakukan oleh wanita karir; b) perlu adanya penataan serius terkait kebijakan instansi dan pemerintah yang mendukung peran wanita karir sebagai pekerja maupun sebagai ibu dan istri.
Modeling PENDAMPINGAN ORANGTUA PADA ANAK PENGGUNA GAWAI DI SATUAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Karwati Lilis , Kurniawan Didik , Anggraeni Rena
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan langkah pendampingan orangtua pada anak pengguna gawai dan mengetahui hasil yang dicapai oleh orangtua setelah mendampingi anak pengguna gawai di satuan pendidikan anak usia dini. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan observasi serta analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa (1) ada delapan langkah pendampingan yang dilakukan orangtua pada anak dalam menggunakan gawai; (2) tingkat pendidikan orangtua dan intervensi pelatihan parenting memberikan kontribusi pada kemampuan orangtua dalam mendampingi anak dalam menggunakan gawai; serta (3) ada perubahan pada pengguna gawai kategori berat dan sedang setelah pendampingan.
Pengembangan Learning Object pada Training Basic di PT.Circleka Indonesia Utama
Authors: Ramandika Rafii , Mulyadi, M. Pd  , Kunto Imbar Nursetyo M.Pd
Published: June 2020

Pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa Learning Object pada Training Basic di PT.Circleka Indonesia Utama. Produk Learning Object ini difokuskan pada pengembangan video pembelajaran mengacu pada model Rapid Prototyping yang memiliki lima tahap antara lain Assess Needs and Analyze Content, Set Objectives, Construct Prototype (design), Utilization Prototype (research), dan Installing the Final System. Produk Learning Object ini telah melalui tahap evaluasi yang melibatkan para ahli dan pengguna (Customer Service Representative Circle K). Hasil uji coba expert review yang diperoleh dari ahli materi sebesar 3,56 (sangat baik), ahli desain pembelajaran, ahli media pembelajaran 3,49 (sangat baik). Kemudian pada tahap uji coba pengguna (one-to-one evaluation) memperoleh nilai 3,20 (baik) dan (small group evaluation) dengan nilai 3,49 (sangat baik). Hasil evaluasi formatif menunjukan bahwa produk Learning Object ini dapat digunakan pada Training Basic Circle K sebagai bagian dari Store Development Program (SDP) PT. Circleka Indonesia Utama.
Protocatechuic Acid as a Topical Antimicrobial for Surgical Skin Antisepsis
Authors: Jalali Omid , Best Molly , Wong Alison , Schaeffer Brett , Bauer Brendon , Johnson Lanny
Published: June 2020

Background:

There is a need for novel skin antiseptic agents to combat the health-care burdens associated with surgical site infection (SSI) and bacterial resistance. The purpose of this proof-of-principle pilot study was to investigate the potential of the phenolic compound protocatechuic acid (PCA) as a topical antimicrobial for surgical skin antisepsis.

Methods:

The Kirby-Bauer method of disc diffusion was used to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity and comparative effectiveness of PCA and 7 related compounds against SSI pathogens. To explore the in vivo efficacy of topical PCA for providing deep, penetrating skin antisepsis, living Cutibacterium acnes was intradermally injected into the skin of female BALB/c mice. Mice were assigned to treatment with daily applications of topical PCA at 3 doses (78, 39, and 19.5 mM) or no treatment (n = 2 mice per group). After 96 hours, infected skin samples were harvested to compare mean C. acnes counts by treatment.

Results:

Compared with other polyphenols, PCA demonstrated the broadest spectrum of antimicrobial activity against tested SSI pathogens, including drug-resistant organisms. At 96 hours following infection, the mean C. acnes burden in untreated mice was 6.65 log colony-forming units (CFUs) per gram of skin. Compared with the untreated group, daily topical application of 78 mM of PCA was associated with a significantly lower C. acnes CFU burden in mice skin (mean, 5.51 log CFUs per gram of skin; p = 0.0295). Both lower dosages of topical PCA failed to show an effect.

Conclusions:

PCA demonstrated laboratory efficacy against pathogens implicated in SSI, including drug-resistant organisms. In vivo, topical PCA demonstrated dose-dependent skin penetration and antimicrobial activity against mouse skin C. acnes loads. Human clinical studies exploring the antimicrobial efficacy of topical PCA for preoperative shoulder skin antisepsis are warranted.

Clinical Relevance:

Topical PCA may have the potential to improve current shoulder SSI treatment and prevention protocols.
Oportunidades de corrupción y pandemia
Authors: Madrid Valerio Cecilia , Palomino Ramírez Walter
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo postula la idea de que la implementación de programas de cumplimiento (compliance gubernamental) en sectores esenciales de la administración pública, que están especialmente expuestos a la realización de prácticas corruptas durante la atención de la pandemia de la COVID-19, coadyuvará a reducir razonablemente el riesgo de corrupción o, en todo caso, a que aquel sea identificado y, posteriormente, informado a la autoridad competente, lo que comunicará, a cualquier futuro agente inclinado a abusar de su posición, de la existencia de protectores eficaces al interior de organizaciones públicas.
AİHM’NİN ÖNLEYİCİ TUTUKLAMAYLA İLGİLİ VERDİĞİ KARARLAR BAKIMINDAN TEMELLENDİRİLEBİLİR AYRIMCILIK
Authors: KOÇAKGÖL Muhammet
Published: June 2020

Ayrımcılık konusu birçok durumda ortaya çıkabilmekte ve bazı durumlarda çeşitli gerekçelerle savunulabilmektedir. Etik bakımdan kimi ayrımcılıkların ise temellendirilebilir olabileceği belirtilmektedir. Bu durumlardan biri olan önleyici tutuklama gelecekte işlenecek bir suçu engellemek amacıyla tehlikeli kişilerin tutuklanması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Önleyici tutuklama için kişinin mevcut durumda bir suçu işlemek üzere harekete geçmesi veya geçmişte suç işlemiş olması da her zaman gerekmemektedir. Bu çalışmada önleyici tutuklamanın etik bakımdan temellendirilebilir olup olmadığı Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin kararları kapsamında tartışılmıştır. Zira Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin önüne gelen davalarda önleyici tutuklama konusu detaylı şekilde ele alınmıştır. Bununla ilgili “kanunsuz ceza olmaz” ve “özgürlük ve güvenlik hakkı” kapsamında önleyici tutuklamaya ilişkin kararlar incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada da mahkemenin yaptığı tartışmalar bu maddeler ekseninde değerlendirilmekle birlikte mahkûmlarla ilgili bir “ayrımcılık” yapıldığından hareket edilmiştir. Etik değerlendirme bakımından mahkemece verilen kararların temellendirilebilir ayrımcılık kapsamında sayılıp sayılamayacağı konusu ele alınmıştır. Bu yapılırken İoanna Kuçuradi’nin etik görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Bu kapsamda AİHM’nin önleyici tutuklama konusunda verdiği kararlarının temellendirilebilir ve çelişkili olup olmadığıyla ilgili ulaşılan sonuç paylaşılmıştır.
Synoptic climatological approach associated with three recent summer heatwaves in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Fazel-Rastgar Farahnaz
Published: June 2020

The observed unusually high temperatures in the Arctic during recent decades can be related to the Arctic sea ice declines in summer 2007, 2012 and 2016. Arctic dipole formation has been associated with all three heatwaves of 2007, 2012 and 2016 in the Canadian Arctic. Here, the differences in weather patterns are investigated and compared with normal climatological mean (1981–2010) structures. This study examines the high-resolution datasets from the North American Regional Reanalysis model. During the study periods, the north of Alaska has been affected by the low-pressure tongue. The maximum difference between Greenland high-pressure centre and Alaska low-pressure tongue for the summers of 2012, 2016 and 2007 are 8 hPa, 7 hPa and 6 hPa, respectively, corresponding and matching to the maximum summer surface Canadian Arctic temperature records. During anomalous summer heatwaves, low-level wind, temperatures, total clouds (%) and downward radiation flux at the surface are dramatically changed. This study shows the surface albedo has been reduced over most parts of the Canadian Arctic Ocean during the mentioned heatwaves (∼5–40%), with a higher change (specifically in the eastern Canadian Arctic region) during summer 2012 in comparison with summer 2016 and summer 2007, agreeing with the maximum surface temperature and sea ice decline records.
Filtration analysis and fouling mechanisms of PVDF membrane for POME treatment
Authors: Ahmad Mohd Azwan , Zainal Bidattul Syirat , Jamadon Nashrah Hani , Yaw Thomas Choong Shean , Abdullah Luqman Chuah
Published: June 2020

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a hazardous wastewater which contains high organic constituents and salt concentrations. The ultrafiltration (UF) process is a promising treatment design used for secondary treatment such as POME. However, membrane fouling is the major problem which limits the performance of the UF. This paper describes a detailed investigation of polyvinylidiene fluoride (PVDF) membrane for the treatment of POME. The fouling behavior was analyzed by water flux, fouling mechanism, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size distribution (PSD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). It was found that a significant reduction in the permeate flux was caused by the build up of a fouling layer. Study on the fouling mechanism shows that cake filtration dominated the fouling activities on the membrane surface, compared to standard blocking, intermediate blocking, and complete blocking. This result is supported by membrane autopsy through SEM, PSD and EDX.
Data-driven runoff forecasting for Minjiang River: a case study
Authors: Wu Yuqiang , Wang Qinhui , Li Ge , Li Jidong
Published: June 2020

Long-term runoff forecasting has the characteristics of a long forecast period, which can be widely applied in environmental protection, hydropower operation, flood prevention and waterlogging management, water transport management, and optimal allocation of water resources. Many models and methods are currently used for runoff prediction, and data-driven models for runoff prediction are now mainstream methods, but their prediction accuracy cannot meet the needs of production departments. To this end, the present research starts with this method and, based on a support vector machine (SVM), it introduces ant colony optimization (ACO) to optimize its penalty coefficient C, Kernel function parameter g, and insensitivity coefficient p, to construct a data-driven ACO-SVM model. The validity of the method is confirmed by taking the Minjiang River Basin as an example. The results show that the runoff predicted by use of ACO-SVM is more accurate than that of the default parameter SVM and the Bayesian method.
Sequential ‘acid leaching–anion exchange–aerobic composting’ process for recycle of municipal sludge
Authors: Wang Qing , Jin Wenbiao , Zhou Xu , Liang Shuang , Tu Renjie , Han Song-fang , Feng Xiaochi , Che Lin , He Zhongqi , Ding Wanqing
Published: June 2020

Municipal sludge disposal and recycle has become a prominent research theme. In this study, a sequential process for integral treatment of municipal sludge was primarily presented, combining acid leaching, anion exchange and aerobic composting. The aim of the process was to remove chromium (Cr) from the sludge and reuse the sludge as manure. Firstly, Cr was removed from municipal sludge via the acid leaching process; the removal rate was up to 57.43%. Then, ion exchange resin was used to remove Cr from leachate; the removal rate reached 95%. Aluminum sheet was used to replace the Cr from eluent; the replacement rate was 63.3%. The aerobic composting process could be successfully warmed up to above 55 °C and lasted for 4 days; the seed germination index reached 68.3%. After the composting process, the residual Cr in sludge mainly existed at a more stable residual state and organic binding state. Overall, this novel sequential process serves as a potential high-efficiency, green, low-energy way for municipal sludge recycle.
Application of Intelligent Computer-Assisted Taylor 3D External Fixation in the Treatment of Tibiofibular Fracture: Retrospective Case Study
Authors: Sheng Hongfeng , Xu Weixing , Xu Bin , Song Hongpu , Lu Di , Ding Weiguo , Mildredl Henry
Published: June 2020

Background

With the development of modern society, severe and complex tibial fractures caused by high-energy injuries such as traffic accidents have gradually increased. At present, the commonly used methods for the treatment of tibial fractures include plate fixation, intramedullary nail fixation, and external fixation. Most of these fractures are open wounds with severe soft tissue injury and wound contamination, and some involve bone defects, which makes internal fixation treatment difficult.

Objective

This study aims to explore the use of intelligent computer-assisted Taylor 3D external fixation for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures.

Methods

In total, 70 patients were included and divided into the Taylor 3D external fixation (TSF) group (28 patients with severe tibial fractures treated with TSF) and the internal fixation group (42 patients with complicated tibiofibular fractures treated by internal fixation). After the treatment, the follow-up evaluation of TSF for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures noted the incidence of complications, as well as the efficacy and occurrence of internal fixation for the treatment of tibial fractures in our hospital.

Results

The results showed that TSF was superior to orthopedics in the treatment of tibiofibular fractures in terms of efficacy and complications.

Conclusions

TSF for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures is more effective than internal fixation and the incidence of complications is low. This is a new technology for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures that is worthy of clinical promotion.
Physical Activity With Tailored mHealth Support for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Michalsen Henriette , Wangberg Silje Camilla , Hartvigsen Gunnar , Jaccheri Letizia , Muzny Miroslav , Henriksen André , Olsen Monica Isabel , Thrane Gyrd , Jahnsen Reidun Birgitta , Pettersen Gunn , Arntzen Cathrine , Anke Audny
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have lower levels of physical activity (PA) and greater barriers for participation in fitness activities compared with members of the general population. As increased PA has positive effects on cardiovascular and psychosocial health, it is exceedingly important to identify effective interventions for use in everyday settings. Mobile health (mHealth) methods such as motion sensor games (exergames) and smartphone reminders for PA have been explored and found to be promising in individuals with IDs.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of an individually tailored PA program with motivational mHealth support on daily levels of PA in youth and adults with IDs.

METHODS

The trial uses a randomized controlled design comprising 30 intervention participants and 30 control group participants, aged 16 to 60 years, with sedentary lifestyles or low PA levels. While the controls will receive standard care, the intervention aims to increase the level of PA, measured as steps per day, as the primary outcome. Secondary outcome variables are body mass index, blood pressure, physical performance, social support for PA, self-efficacy in a PA setting, behavior problems, and goal attainment. The intervention involves the delivery of tailored mHealth support, using smartphones or tablets to create structure with focus on the communicative abilities of individual participants. Rewards and feedback are provided in order to motivate individuals to increase participation in PA. Participants in the intervention group, their close relatives, and care staff will be invited to participate in a preintervention goal-setting meeting, where goal attainment scaling will be used to select the participants’ PA goals for the intervention period. All participants will be assessed at baseline, at 3 months, and at 6 months.

RESULTS

Enrollment was planned to start in April 2020 but will be delayed due to the pandemic situation. The main contribution of this paper is a detailed plan to run our study, which will produce new knowledge about tailored mHealth to support PA in individuals with intellectual disabilities.

CONCLUSIONS

We expect the new intervention to perform better than standard care in terms of improved PA, improved self-efficacy, and social support for activities. Technology offers new opportunities to promote healthy behaviors. The results of the study will determine the effectiveness and sustainability of a tailored mHealth support intervention to increase PA in youth and adults with IDs.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04079439; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04079439

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/19213
Digital Phenotyping to Enhance Substance Use Treatment During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Hsu Michael , Ahern David K , Suzuki Joji
Published: June 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many clinical addiction treatment programs have been required to transition to telephonic or virtual visits. Novel solutions are needed to enhance substance use treatment during a time when many patients are disconnected from clinical care and social support. Digital phenotyping, which leverages the unique functionality of smartphone sensors (GPS, social behavior, and typing patterns), can buttress clinical treatment in a remote, scalable fashion. Specifically, digital phenotyping has the potential to improve relapse prediction and intervention, relapse detection, and overdose intervention. Digital phenotyping may enhance relapse prediction through coupling machine learning algorithms with the enormous amount of collected behavioral data. Activity-based analysis in real time can potentially be used to prevent relapse by warning substance users when they approach locational triggers such as bars or liquor stores. Wearable devices detect when a person has relapsed to substances through measuring physiological changes such as electrodermal activity and locomotion. Despite the initial promise of this approach, privacy, security, and barriers to access are important issues to address.
Telemedicine Usage Among Urologists During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dubin Justin M , Wyant W Austin , Balaji Navin C , Ong William LK , Kettache Reda H , Haffaf Malik , Zouari Skander , Santillan Diego , Autrán Gómez Ana Maria , Sadeghi-Nejad Hossein , Loeb Stacy , Borin James F , Gomez Rivas Juan , Grummet Jeremy , Ramasamy Ranjith , Teoh Jeremy Y C
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, urology was one of the specialties with the lowest rates of telemedicine and videoconferencing use. Common barriers to the implementation of telemedicine included a lack of technological literacy, concerns with reimbursement, and resistance to changes in the workplace. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic declared in March 2020, the delivery of urological services globally has quickly shifted to telemedicine to account for the mass clinical, procedural, and operative cancellations, inadequate personal protective equipment, and shortage of personnel.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate current telemedicine usage by urologists, urologists’ perceptions on the necessity of in-person clinic appointments, the usability of telemedicine, and the current barriers to its implementation.

METHODS

We conducted a global, cross-sectional, web-based survey to investigate the use of telemedicine before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Urologists’ perceived usability of telemedicine was assessed using a modified Delphi approach to create questions based on a modified version of the validated Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ). For the purposes of this study, telemedicine was defined as video calls only.

RESULTS

A total of 620 urologists from 58 different countries and 6 continents participated in the survey. Prior to COVID-19, 15.8% (n=98) of urologists surveyed were using telemedicine in their clinical practices; during the pandemic, that proportion increased to 46.1% (n=283). Of the urologists without telemedicine experience, interest in telemedicine usage increased from 43.7% (n=139) to 80.8% (n=257) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among urologists that used telemedicine during the pandemic, 80.9% (n=244) were interested in continuing to use it in their practice. The three most commonly used platforms were Zoom, Doxy.me, and Epic, and the top three barriers to implementing telemedicine were patients’ lack of technological comprehension, patients’ lack of access to the required technology, and reimbursement concerns.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to quantify the use, usability, and pervading interest in telemedicine among urologists during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the face of this pandemic, urologists’ usage of telemedicine nearly tripled, demonstrating their ability to adopt and adapt telemedicine into their practices, but barriers involving the technology itself are still preventing many from utilizing it despite increasing interest.