bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resistance to host antimicrobial peptides mediates resilience of gut commensals during infection and aging in
Drosophila
Authors: Arias-Rojas Aranzazu , Frahm Dagmar , Hurwitz Robert , Brinkmann Volker , Iatsenko Igor
Published: August 2023

Resilience to short-term perturbations, like inflammation, is a fundamental feature of microbiota, yet the underlying mechanisms of microbiota resilience are incompletely understood. Here, we show that
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
, a major
Drosophila
commensal, stably colonizes the fruit fly gut during infection and is resistant to
Drosophila
antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). By transposon screening, we identified
L. plantarum
mutants sensitive to AMPs. These mutants were impaired in peptidoglycan O-acetylation or teichoic acid D-alanylation, resulting in increased negative cell surface charge and higher affinity to cationic AMPs. AMP-sensitive mutants were cleared from the gut after infection and aging-induced gut inflammation in wild-type, but not in AMP-deficient flies, suggesting that resistance to host AMPs is essential for commensal resilience in an inflamed gut environment. Thus, our work reveals that in addition to the host immune tolerance to the microbiota, commensal-encoded resilience mechanisms are necessary to maintain the stable association between host and microbiota during inflammation.
对既存并列项的觉察与选择
Authors: Jia Qi
Published: August 2023

摘要 本文采用会话分析的研究方法，根据汉语自然会话中“反正”引导的话语出现的序列环境和话轮设计方式，证明“反正”作为一种“表明对既存并列项的察觉和选择”的装置（device）在言谈互动中被广泛使用，其基本功能是，交际者在察觉到前文中显性或者隐性地存在着源自不同交际者话语的两个或数个并列项后，通过“反正”引导的话语表明要在其中做出选择的态度。在此基础上，本文还论证了以往研究中提到的“反正”一语所具有的“对不同意见的坚持”“表示让步”“态度指示”“回归话题”和“总结”等功能都是由上述功能衍生而来的。最后，本文明确了“反正”作为互动行为资源，具有“暗示对比”和“实现对话题的控制”等功能。
From vocal prosody to movement prosody, from HRI to understanding
humans
Authors: Scales Philip , Aubergé Véronique , Aycard Olivier
Published: August 2023

Human–Human and Human–Robot Interaction are known to be
influenced by a variety of modalities and parameters. Nevertheless, it remains a
challenge to anticipate how a given mobile robot’s navigation and appearance
will impact how it is perceived by humans. Drawing a parallel with vocal
prosody, we introduce the notion of movement prosody, which encompasses
spatio-temporal and appearance dimensions which are involved in a person’s
perceptual experience of interacting with a mobile robot. We design a novel
robot motion corpus, encompassing variables related to the kinematics, gaze, and
appearance of the robot, which we hypothesize are involved in movement prosody.
Initial results of three perception experiments suggest that these variables
have significant influences on participants’ perceptions of robot socio-affects
and physical attributes.
Full-duplex acoustic interaction system for cognitive experiments
with cetaceans
Authors: Rychen Jörg , Semoroz Julie , Eckerle Alexander , Hahnloser Richard HR , Kleinberger Rébecca
Published: August 2023

Cetaceans show high cognitive abilities and strong social bonds.
Their primary sensory modality to communicate and sense the environment is
acoustics. Research on their echolocation and social vocalizations typically
uses visual and tactile systems adapted from research on primates or birds. Such
research would benefit from a purely acoustic communication system to better
match their natural capabilities. We argue that a full duplex system, in which
signals can flow in both directions simultaneously is essential for
communication research. We designed and implemented a full duplex system to
acoustically interact with cetaceans in the wild, featuring digital
echo-suppression. We pilot tested the system in Arctic Norway and achieved an
echo suppression of 18 dB. We discuss the limiting factors and how to improve
the echo suppression further. The system enabled vocal interaction with the
underwater acoustic scene by allowing experimenters to listen while producing
sounds. We describe our motivations, then present our pilot deployment and give
examples of initial explorative attempts to vocally interact with wild orcas and
humpback whales.
Toward a multimodal and continuous approach of infant-adult interactions
Authors: Jover Marianne , Gratier Maya
Published: August 2023

Adult-infant early dyadic interactions have been extensively explored by developmental psychologists. Around the age of 2 months, infants already demonstrate complex, delicate and very sensitive behaviors that seem to express their ability to interact and share emotions with their caregivers. This paper presents 3 pilot studies of parent-infant dyadic interaction in various set-ups. The first two present longitudinal data collected on two infants aged between 1 and 6 months and their mothers. We analyzed the development of coordination between them, at the motor and at the vocal level. The 3rd pilot study aims to explore interpersonal coordination in both vocal behavior and motor activity for one infant and his mother at 2, 4 and 6 months. These pilot studies however leave a number of questions open concerning developmental changes and infants’ progressive mastery of interaction. We identify areas worth examining and try to tease out specific issues that may help develop new methodological pathways for the study of early naturalistic social interaction. We assume that a continuous, rather than discrete, approach would better capture the changes taking place in the various communicative modalities, while also displaying each dyad’s specificity and the narrative dimension of social engagement between infants and caregivers.
Enhancement of non-Gaussianity and nonclassicality of pair coherent states by superposition of photon addition and subtraction
Authors: Chuong Ho Sy , Duc Truong Minh
Published: August 2023

Pair coherent states (PCSs) as a kind of two-mode non-Gaussian and nonclassical states were introduced and studied. Some nonclassical characteristics of them such as two-mode sum-squeezing, two-mode antibunching, and entanglement have been well investigated. In this paper, we focus on studying the superposition of photon addition and subtraction to the PCSs called superposition of photon-added and photon-subtracted pair coherent states (SPAPSPCSs). Our main purpose is to show that the non-Gaussian feature and all the above-mentioned nonclassical properties of the SPAPSPCSs can be enhanced compared with the photon-added-and-subtracted two modes pair coherent states (PAASTMPCSs) and the original PCSs. In general, we demonstrate that the SPAPSPCSs have more enhanced non-Gaussian character and nonclassical properties than the PCSs and the PAASTMPCSs by examining the negativity of the Wigner function. Specifically, we indicate that both the SPAPSPCSs and the PAASTMPCSs can exist in two-mode sum-squeezing while the original PCSs (without photon-addition and photon-subtraction) cannot, and the degree of squeezing is stronger in the SPAPSPCSs than in the PAASTMPCSs. The obtained results also indicate that the superposition of photon addition and subtraction of the SPAPSPCSs plays a vital role in enhancing the two-mode antibunching property and the entanglement degree compared with the PCSs and the PAASTMPCSs.
The Effect of Combination of Coconut Water (Cocos nucifera) and Shallot Crude Extract (Allium cepa L.) on the Growth of Caulerpa racemosa
Authors: Ghani Puspahati Kurnia , Harwanto Dicky , Amalia Rosa , Windarto Seto , Haditomo Alfabetian H. Condro , Nurhayati Dewi , Susilowati Titik
Published: August 2023

Caulerpa racemosa (sea grape) widely known to the public as highly nutritious food ingredients whose availability only relies on nature. This resulted in the production of C. racemosa which was not continuous. One way to increase the production of seaweed seeds was by soaking the seaweed seeds in growth hormone. Natural growth regulators are found in many plants, such as coconut water and shallots, which contain the hormones cytokinin and auxin, respectively. This hormone is able to grow stems and roots if used in the right dosage. The treatments were soaking for 0 minutes (A), 30 minutes (B), 40 minutes (C) and 50 minutes (D). Seeds used as much as 600 g. Rearing was carried out for 30 days in a concrete pond filled with substrate in the form of sandy mud and sea water. The data obtained during the study included morphology, absolute weight growth, specific growth rate (SGR) and water quality. Data analysis with ANOVA and Duncan’s test was performed. Soaking C. racemosa in a combination of 25% coconut water and 10% crude extract of shallots for different lengths of time gave significantly different results (P<0.05). Treatment C showed the highest yield with absolute weight growth value of 214.33±9.4g. Water quality parameters within the appropriate range for the growth of C. racemosa.
Effect of Indian Pluchea Leaf (Pluchea indica) addition on feed-on growth performance and survival rate of Litopenaeus vanname
Authors: Linayati L , Nailal Khoiri M , Yusufi Mardiana T , Zulkham Yahya M
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect and the best dose of Indian Pluchea leaf extract on artificial feed on the growth performance and survival rate of Vanname. The sample of this study was shrimp aged PL 21 obtained from shrimp farmers in Pekalongan. The study employed an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 (four) treatments with 3 (three) replications, A (Indian Pluchea leaf extract of 0 ml/kg feed), B (Indian Pluchea leaf extract 5 ml/kg feed), C (Indian Pluchea leaf extract 10 ml/kg feed), D (Indian Pluchea leaf extract 15 ml/kg feed). The addition of Indian Pluchea leaf extracts to feed had a very significant effect on the growth of vanname. The best dose was in treatment D with a growth of 5.61 grams, FCR (feed conversion ratio) around 1.17 and SR (survival rate) 100 %. The water quality parameters were found during the observation: temperature of 29-32°C, the salinity of 20-25 ppt, and pH of 7.8 - 8.2.
Orange mud crab (Scylla olivacea) exploitation at Sorong waters
Authors: Pane A R P , Mardlijah S , Widiyastuti H , Fauzi M , Noegroho T , Hidayat T , Zamroni A
Published: August 2023

Mangrove forests along the vast coast of West Papua serve as the habitat for mud crabs, which are high-value economic resources marketed to various regions in Indonesia. However, intensive utilization impacts the sustainability of mangrove crab populations, especially orange mud crabs (Scylla olivacea). Exploitation studies need to be conducted for further use to manage crab resources. This study was conducted for six months, from April to September 2021, with a sample of 2,971 orange mud crabs. Data analysis was carried out using crab carapace width (CW) data to predict resource exploitation and sustainability. The caught orange mud crab size was 80-190 mm, with natural mortality (M) lower than fishing mortality (F). The exploitation of this crab has attained E = 0.72, which proves that overfishing. We can do the management of orange mud crabs by observing the size of mature gonads and spawning areas to provide an opportunity to increase the population in the waters.
Analysis of the Suitability of Using Logbook and Implementation of Fishery Vessel Monitoring System Policies through Operational Distribution of Purse Seine Vessels in Benoa Public Port
Authors: Muktitama M T , Kurohman F , Setyawan H A
Published: August 2023

Using logbooks and VMS data will significantly determine the sustainability of fisheries governance in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the feasibility of using the logbook as the primary management data, the VMS as the main fisheries surveillance data, and the applicable policies actual conditions. The results showed a difference in the suitability of the number of ships recorded between the logbooks and ship inspection results from 2019 to 2021. The usefulness of helpful ness times between the logbooks and VMS in 2019 to 2021 is 22%, 34%, and 69%, and departure times are 23%, 37%, and 76%. The suitability of fish catch areas based on VMS ship inspection results has been recorded to have increased from 2019 to 2021. In addition, the spatiotemporal analysis of processed VMS data can clearly describe the distribution pattern of ship density and can be used to suspect fraudulent practices. It can be concluded from this research that the use of logbook analysis as a recommendation for policy formulation has yet to be able to run optimally, and applicable policies can use VMS.
Indirect Economic Value of Mangrove Ecosystem in the North Coastal of Sikka Regency in Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Bhokaleba B P P W , Erfin  , Utami P B
Published: August 2023

The earthquake disaster history in the Nusa Tenggara region recorded above 7 SR followed by tsunami happens in several locations such as Maumere, Alor, and most recently in Larantuka. Due to this history, community understanding is needed in the mitigation of disasters’ impact. Therefore, this research aims to identify the economic value of the mangrove ecosystem as an area that protects coastal communities from tsunami disasters. The analysis used was willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to accept (WTA). The WTP value was analyzed from 3 different perspectives such as the perspective of the people who experienced the tsunami disaster in 1992, the perspective of the local government and other institutions responsible for the disaster, and the perspective of people who did not have experience with tsunami disasters. Meanwhile, the WTA assessment was conducted on the manager of Magepanda Mangrove Area. Respondents consisted of 35 residents who experienced the tsunami disaster, 35 residents who never experienced the disaster, 20 respondents from Regional Apparatus Organizations and other stakeholders, and 5 mangrove managers in Reroroja Village, Magepanda sub-district. The WTA calculation indicated that the three stakeholder institutions experienced significant changes in positive externalities, and 60% of respondents chose to receive compensation funds for these positive externalities. Meanwhile, the 40% was in the form of infrastructure development/repairment. Interestingly, the WTP average of respondents who experienced a disaster and respondents who did not experience disaster was not very significant, namely $ 0.81 and $ 0.57. This was caused by 48% of respondents who never experienced a tsunami disaster, who had already known the impact caused by the tsunami, and 86% already known the ecological function of mangrove forests. Thus, these two things encouraged them to provide high value for the mangrove ecosystem. WTP given by policymakers had an average value of $1.86. The perspective of respondents in providing the value was very realistic because 95% of respondents had ever seen the mangrove ecosystem condition in Magepanda.
Study of Sediment Distribution in Tanjung Pasir Banten Based on Bed Load Data
Authors: Rachman R A , Armono H D , Wibowo M , Istiyanto D C , Widagdo A B
Published: August 2023

The Tanjung Pasir waters area in Tangerang is a pilot project where a sea dike (WLP-Waduk Lepas Pantai) will be built, which doubles as a sea wall and as a raw water provider for the Tangerang Regency and surrounding areas. In planning WLP coastal buildings, one of the main problems is the presence of siltation due to sedimentation caused by sediment transport. This process is closely related to the sediment distribution from the bed load. So far, there have not been many studies on sedimentation in Tanjung Pasir waters, so as an initial study, an analysis of sediment distribution was carried out. This study aims to the mechanism of sedimentation distribution based on grain size data from bed load to support the National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD) WLP development plan. The methods used in this study are sediment sampling in the field, laboratory analysis, and descriptive analysis to describe the relationship between the phenomena studied and the bathymetry and current factors that occur in Tanjung Pasir waters. Based on the results of this study, it is known that the grain size of the bed load ranges from 0.085 mm - 2.0 mm. The sediment type consists of two kinds, namely sand, and silt mixed with quite a lot of shellfish. The type of sediment seen from the value of d50 consists of very fine sand, fine sand, medium sand, and silt. It was dominated by very fine sand. Bathymetry has a depth of 1 m-20 meters, there is no significant relationship between bathymetry and bed load grain size. The current speed is 0.24 m/s with the dominant current direction east to southeast, belonging to the fast current category, there is a close relationship between the current speed and the distribution of sediment sizes where coarse-grained deposits are deposited in areas with fast current speeds. The speed of this current affects the process of transporting, depositing, and distributing sediments.
Prototype of simple mini-wave gauge using Microcontroller ESP32 on the laboratory scale
Authors: Widiaratih Rikha , Suryoputra Agus Anugroho Dwi , Handoyo Gentur , Satriadi Alfi , Putranto Ari Bawono
Published: August 2023

The limited availability of real-time wave data is needed for shipping safety and for planning coastal areas. This wave data monitoring system including the wave height and direction gained to be used as a consideration in making decisions related to shipping safety and coastal management. This study aims to design and create a prototype of a simple mini-wave gauge and test the performance of a mini-wave gauge on the laboratory scale. The sensors used in this mini-wave gauge were ADXL335 as a vibration sensor to detect wave movement and the GY-271 sensor module with the HMC5883L chip which was a direction sensor. In the experiment, the wave data generated by the sensors were then received by the microcontroller ESP32 as a data processing center. The wave data was then received by the computer using a Wi-Fi network as well as processed and displayed on an application that had been developed using Embarcadero Delphi. Experiments with this mini-wave gauge resulted in an average range of wave height ± 6cm with a wave trough of -4.5 cm and a wave crest of 2.2 cm. This mini-wave gauge was then validated with the ultrasonic sensor at laboratory scale and the root mean square error obtained was 1.34 cm. Generally, this device functions well and has high accuracy for recording wave data.
Effectiveness of liquid smoke as a preservative agent of barracuda fish cake during cold storage
Authors: Febriani Y , Swastawati F , Sumardianto  , Fahmi A S , Romadhon
Published: August 2023

Barracuda is one species of white fleshed fish that has a soft texture and a savoury taste, therefore it can be processed into fish cakes. Fish cake is a perishable food caused by bacterial activity that can be prevented using preservative namely liquid smoke. The addition of liquid smoke can provide an extended shelf life and a unique taste sensation in fish cakes because it functions as an antibacterial. The purpose of the study was to determine the role of liquid smoke in increasing the shelf life of fish cake and its effect on the value of consumer preferences. The research method was carried out by experimental laboratories using a Split Plot in Time experimental design. Fish cake was made by adding 5% liquid smoke to the water used to steam barracuda fish cakes, then stored at 4-5°C for 12 days (0, 4, 8, and 12). Barracuda fish cakes were analyzed for phenol content, water content, TPC, TVB-N, amino acid lysine and hedonic test. The results showed value of a phenol content 27.38 ± 1.54 mg/100g, a moisture content of 67.75 ± 0.11 %, the value of TPC was 1.8x104 ± 0.21 cfu/g, the TVBN value was 14.53 ± 2.73 mgN/100 g, the amino acid content of lysine was 3.5 ± 0.04 mg/g, and the hedonic value was 5.67. The use of 5% liquid smoke could increase the shelf life of barracuda fish cake. Fish cake with the addition of 5% liquid smoke after 12 days were preferred by consumers because of their little mucus, unique taste typical of smoked fish, and chewy texture. The use of liquid smoke was able to maintain better quality than control after the storage of barracuda fish cake for 12 days.
Algicidal Potential of the Endosymbiont Bacterial Consortium of the Seagrasses Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii
Authors: Setiabudi G I , Prasetia I N D , Antara K L , Sitepu G S br. , Amelia J M , Maharani M D K
Published: August 2023

The isolate is the consortia of endosymbiont bacteria isolated from the seagrassesE. acoroidesandT. hemprichii. The two isolates of these bacterial consortia can inhibit the growth of the dinoflagellatePorphyridiumsp. The algicidal activities of the two consortia are 94.1% and 92.8%, respectively. However, the values of BG plankton culture are lower; they are 57.1% and 48.6%, respectively, which shows that the algicidal activities of the consortia of seagrass endosymbionts of dinoflagellate group are very good and good. The performance of algicidal activity of diatom group is relatively effective as forNitzschiasp., ranging from 44.9% to 52.6%; however, the performance of algicidal activity of another diatom group is very low, which shows that the endosymbiontE. acoroidesandT. hemprichiican be used as algicidal source. In general, the algicidal activity of the endosymbiont-bacterial consortium of theEhEdisolate is stronger than that ofThEdin the target dinoflagellate group. This fact makes it possible to use the endosymbiont bacterial consortium as a bio-agent that can overcome the so-called algal bloom phenomenon affecting the dinoflagellate group in general andPorphyridiumsp. and BG culture.
The activity of spiked pepper fruit essential oil against fall armyworm larvae
Authors: Lina E C , Hidayatullah M S , Nurbailis  , Reflin R , Nelly N
Published: August 2023

Spiked pepper (Piper aduncum) essential oil has the potency to develop as a botanical insecticide in controlling fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). This study aimed to determine the activity of spiked pepper fruit essential oils against fall armyworm larvae. This study was held from November 2020 to March 2021 at the Insect Bioecology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), including preliminary and advanced tests. The preliminary test was conducted using three concentration levels (0%, 0.25%, and 0.5%) and consisted of 4 replications. The advanced test was conducted using 5 concentration levels and control (0%, 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.11%, 0.17% and 0.25%) and consisted of 5 replications. The test ran with the leaf-dipped method, with parameters observed were larval mortality, feeding inhibition activity (antifeedant), and larval development time. The observation data were analyzed using analysis of variance, and if there were any significant differences, it continued with a further test using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at a 5% level. LC50and LC95values were analyzed using the POLO PC software. The result showed that spiked pepper fruit essential oil could cause larval mortality, inhibit feeding activity, and inhibit Fall armyworm larval growth. The treatment with a concentration of 0.17% showed the best result, which could lead to 98.67% larvae mortality, inhibit feeding activity by 91.23% and inhibit larvae growth from reaching the sixth instar around 3.26 days compared to the control. The LC50and LC95value of spiked pepper fruit essential oil solution was 0.068% and 0.151%, respectively. Overall, spiked pepper essential oil has insecticidal activity against fall armyworm larvae.
Principal Component and Cluster Analyses of 20 Genotypes of Chilli (Capsicum sp.) Planted on Peatlands
Authors: Deviona  , Syukur M , Zuhry E , Armaini  , Yunandra  , Riska F
Published: August 2023

This research aims to obtain information about the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the genetic diversity of 20 chili genotypes and to analyze their similarity as the basis for selecting parental crossbreeds in peatland assembly chili varieties. This research was conducted in the peatlands of Tuah Karya Village, Tampan District, Pekanbaru City, Riau Province and analyzed at the Plant Breeding Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University from November 2020-April 2021. The study used a randomized block design consisting of 20 genotypes (Agronomy and Horticulture IPB University’s collection) with three replications, so there were 60 experimental units. There are 22 qualitative characters and 13 quantitative characters identified. Qualitative data was transformed into quantitative data based on International Plant Genetic Resource Institute (IPGRI) and quantitative data was the average data. Principal component and cluster analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistics 20 software. Results show that large chili plants based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis were grouped into four clusters at level of similarity 82.5% and a proportion of diversity of 57.53%. The closest similarity of large chili is CG4 and CG6. Based on the principal component analysis and cluster analysis cayenne pepper plants are grouped into two clusters at a 90% similarity level and 72.80% diversity proportion. The closest similarity of cayenne pepper is CG16 and CG19.
Effects of different tea manure on growth and yield of selected chilli pepper (Capsicum annum) varieties under DEBESMSCAT Masbate Condition, Philippines
Authors: Borres Eligio C. , Loraña John L. , Lachica Jessa C. , Ros Maryjean A.
Published: August 2023

The study used 3 x 4 factorial experiment in RCBD. Factor A (variety) used V1-Django, V2-Vulcan and V3-Sinigang. T1-control, T2-100 ml cattle manure tea, T3-100 ml chicken dung tea, and T4-100 ml vermi tea were used in Factor B (a different tea). The results showed that tea manures had no effect on plant height, leaf length and width, and fruit length. The interactions of both factors were also not significantly affected. All the tea manures gave similar responses in terms of plant height, size of leaves, and length of fruit. Application of different tea manures had a significant response in varieties in terms of number of leaves, but no significant effect in the interactions of all the factors. The number of fruits, length and diameter, and total yield were not significantly affected of both factors A and B. However, significant findings were found in the number and diameter of fruits, and total yield in the interaction of block and variety. Based on cost and return analysis, V1 gave the highest net income of ₱ 858.33 in three harvests and an ROI of 33.585%. Django chilli variety is recommended and used of chicken dung tea for organic chilli pepper production.
Effect of Several Types and Doses of Organic Fertilizer on The Growth and Production of Pakcoy Plant (Brassica chinensis)
Authors: Sondang Y , Wulantika T , Alfina R , Sembiring N , Hardaningsih W , Wahono S , Yefriwati  , Ritawati
Published: August 2023

Pakcoy is one of the Brassicaceae family’s vegetable plants which is currently highly very popular with the public. Pakcoy production in West Sumatra continues to decline due to the continuous use of inorganic fertilizers. Chicken manure is a particular kind of organic fertilizer alternative that can replace inorganic fertilisers. This study’s objective is to ascertain the impact of various organic fertilizer types with different bio activators and doses on development and plant production. Experiment was compiled utilizing a factorial pattern set up in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with the first treatment of organic fertilizer varieties, namely: Chicken manure (CM), Chicken manure with N21 bio activator (CMN), and Chicken manure with banana weevil LMO bio activator (CMM). The second treatment of doses of organic fertilizers: 5, 10, 15, and 20 t.ha−1. The treatment combined was repeated 3 times, for a total of 36 experimental units and each experimental unit had 9 clumps of plants. The measured value was examined using the STAT program and followed by the DMRT test. The findings indicated that the application of chicken manure + banana weevil LMO gave the best results toward leaf length, leaf width, canopy width, number of leaves, wet weight, and dry weight pakcoy plant
Evaluation System of Intercropping Functional Food Sweet Corn and Vegetable Soybean in Different Planting Density and Compound Fertilizers Dosages
Authors: Darini Maria Theresia , Widata Sri , Setiawati Evi , Astuti Ari
Published: August 2023

This study evaluated the sweet corn and vegetable soybeans intercropping system when applying various organic fertilizer sources and NPK fertilizer dosage. Conducted from June until August 2022 in Umbulharjo village, Yogyakarta, the study was carried out in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design under three replications. The first factor was density plant hill−1 consisting fourt levels (1+1; 2+1; 1+2; 2+2), the second was NPK dosage comprising three levels (100, 200, 300) kg ha−1, which eventually gained 42 units of plots. The observation variables involve components of yield, growth, and land efficiency. Variance test (ANOVA) at a value significant at 5% was used to analyze research data statistically and then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the same significance level. The result indicated that applying a combination of chicken manure under NPK dosage of 300 kg ha−1 showed the sweet corn and vegetable soybean intercropping’s finest growth and yield, and the land efficiency component presented a Land Equivalent Ratio of 1.55 and Competition index of 0.92.
Physicochemical and microbiological study of Dadiah jelly candy with the addition of Clitoria ternatea flower extract
Authors: Juliyarsi I , Sandra A , Melia S , Setiawan R D , Nurhayati  , Pangestu S
Published: August 2023

Dadiah is a traditional fermented buffalo milk originating from West Sumatra, Indonesia and has health benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of Clitoria ternatea flower extract addition (0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, and 2%) on the moisture content, hardness, total lactic acid bacteria, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content of dadiah jelly candies. The results showed that the addition of Clitoria ternatea extract increased the moisture content, decreased the hardness value, increased the total phenolic content, and enhanced the antioxidant activity of the jelly candies. Compared to the dadiah jelly candies without Clitoria ternatea addition, jelly candies with Clitoria ternatea addition at any concentration did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) in total lactic acid bacteria, whereas the pH value increased as the concentration of the Clitoria ternatea extract increased. Overall, the use of Clitoria ternatea flower extract can improve the functional properties of dadiah jelly candies, with the best concentration of 2% of the Clitoria ternatea extract on the antioxidant activity and total phenol content.
Utilization of Sago Solid Waste for Bioethanol Production With Variation of Sago Solid Waste-Solvent Ratio and Pre-treatment Time
Authors: Chairul  , Ridho M H , Zultiniar  , Hendra Alfino
Published: August 2023

Sago solid waste is a lignocellulosic material that can be used as a raw material for making bioethanol. The lignin component of lignocellulose can slow saccharification by preventing cellulase enzymes from accessing cellulose. The pre-treatment stage is the first stage of the lignocellulose-to-bioethanol conversion process, and it is used to lower lignin levels in lignocellulose. Saccharification and fermentation are the next processes in turning lignocellulosic material to bioethanol. The pre-treatment stage was carried out in this study using a 10% NaOH solution at a 4 bar pressure reactor and a temperature of 140 °C, while the saccharification and fermentation stages were carried out simultaneously (SSF) using cellulase enzymes and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30 °C and pH 5. The ratio of sago solid waste to NaOH solution and the period of the pre-treatment process were varied in the study. The sago solid waste to solvent ratios were 1:5, 1:6, and 1:7, with processing times beginning at 20 minutes, 30 minutes, and 40 minutes. The maximum lignin reduction results (60.11%) were obtained at a ratio of 1:7 and a pre-treatment time of 40 minutes, while the highest yield of sago solid waste mass (35.14%) was obtained at a ratio of 1:5 and a pre-treatment process duration of 20 minutes. The results of the initial treatment stage were then continued with SSF for 0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours with the highest bioethanol content of 12% at 72 hours.
Membrane Sensor Polyvinyl Chloride with Immobilization Dithizone for Determination of Nickel (II) Ion
Authors: Lisdiana Hayyun , Moersilah  , Manullang Dosmaria
Published: August 2023

A simple analytical method, cheap and biologically friendly, to find Ni (II) in drinking water was developed by dithizone immobilization in chloride polyvinyl matrix (PVC) and dioctyl phthalate as plasticizers. Nickel is a toxic and dangerous metal for humans and the environment. The step experimented with making a membrane sensor next to the step characterization of membrane sensor with UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), and characterization with SEM. The absorption of Ni (II) ion has caused the change of color from green to brownish red with maximum absorption in 418 nm and the optimum response of membrane sensor gaining on pH 8,8. The proposed membrane sensor size is 1 x 2 cm, and the sample volume is 2 ml with a 0 - 0.06 ppm concentration range. The method that had been applied to determining Ni (II) in a water sample after the addition of standard solution with a recovery of 82.93-109.49 % in UV-Vis spectrophotometry, while atomic absorption spectrophotometry measurements obtained a recovery of 104.11-107.96 %. The Nickel contained in drinking water cannot exceed the regulation of quality drinking water by PERMENKES RI No: 907/KEMENKES/PER/VII/2010.
Effect of Electrolyte Concentration on Characteristics of Activated Carbon of Cocoa Peel
Authors: Yetri Yuli , Afza Vikra Yudha Yolanda , Julsam  , Ganumba Oktavianus , Sunitra Eka
Published: August 2023

Cocoa peel activated carbon has been successfully synthesized with 0.3 M KOH activator and NaCl electrolyte as the base material for supercapacitor electrodes. Variations in the concentration of NaCl electrolyte used were 1 M, 2 M, and 3 M to determine their effect on the capacitance, conductivity, and pore area values produced. The activated carbon produced was characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) to see surface morphology, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine carbon crystals, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and LCR-Meter to determine capacitance and conductivity values, and the Brunauer Emmett Teller method. (BET) to measure its surface area. The results of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) test results obtained water content (8.6%), ash content (8.7%), volatile matter (26.2%), carbon content (65.1%), and iodine absorption (800 mg/g). The pore surface area can be increased by activation up to 24,742 m2/g. XRD analysis shows that the atomic structure is amorphous. Surface morphology proves that the increase in NaCl electrolyte concentration affects the pore structure. The higher the electrolyte concentration, the more even and finer the pore structure will be. The highest specific capacitance value was obtained at 3 M NaCl, which was 1.68375 F/g and the lowest was at 0.10771 F/g NaCl 1 M. The conductivity obtained is 1.83 S/m at 3 M NaCl at frequency of 1000 Hz and the lowest is 0.18 S/m at 1 M NaCl at 100 Hz. This proves that the electrolyte concentration can affect and increase the value of the capacitance and conductivity of the supercapacitor electrode.
Expressive curves
Authors: Fomin Sergey , Shustin Eugenii
Published: August 2023

We initiate the study of a class of real plane algebraic curves which we call expressive. These are the curves whose defining polynomial has the smallest number of critical points allowed by the topology of the set of real points of a curve. This concept can be viewed as a global version of the notion of a real morsification of an isolated plane curve singularity.

We prove that a plane curve 

C
C

is expressive if (a) each irreducible component of 

C
C

can be parametrized by real polynomials (either ordinary or trigonometric), (b) all singular points of

C
C

in the affine plane are ordinary hyperbolic nodes, and (c) the set of real points of

C
C

in the affine plane is connected. Conversely, an expressive curve with real irreducible components must satisfy conditions (a)–(c), unless it exhibits some exotic behaviour at infinity.

We describe several constructions that produce expressive curves, and discuss a large number of examples, including: arrangements of lines, parabolas, and circles; Chebyshev and Lissajous curves; hypotrochoids and epitrochoids; and much more.
Prevalence and Correlates of Uncontrolled Hypertension, Persistently Uncontrolled Hypertension, and Hypertensive Crisis at a Healthcare System
Authors: Mahabaleshwarkar Rohan , Bond Allan , Burns Ryan , Taylor Yhenneko J , McWilliams Andrew , Schooley John , Applegate William B , Little Gary
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Uncontrolled hypertension significantly increases risk of cardiovascular disease and death. This study examined the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension, persistently uncontrolled hypertension, and hypertensive crisis and factors associated with these outcomes in a real-world patient cohort.

METHODS

Electronic medical records from a large healthcare system in North Carolina were used to identify adults with uncontrolled hypertension (last ambulatory blood pressure [BP] measurement ≥140/90); persistently uncontrolled hypertension (≥2 ambulatory BP measurements with all readings ≥140/90); and hypertensive crisis (any BP reading ≥180/120) in 2019. Generalized linear mixed models tested the association between patient and provider characteristics and each outcome.

RESULTS

The study cohort included 213,836 patients (mean age 63.1 (±14.0) years, 55.5% female, 70.8% white). Of these, 29.7% and 13.1% had uncontrolled hypertension and hypertensive crisis, respectively. Among those experiencing hypertensive crisis, >50% did not have uncontrolled hypertension. Of the 171,061 patients with ≥2 BP measurements, 5.9% had persistently uncontrolled hypertension. The likelihood of uncontrolled hypertension, persistently uncontrolled hypertension, and hypertensive crisis was higher in patients with black race (vs. white), self-pay (vs. private), prior emergency room visit, and no attributed primary care provider. Readings taken in the evening (vs. morning) and at specialty (vs. primary care) practices were more likely to meet thresholds for uncontrolled hypertension and hypertensive crisis.

CONCLUSIONS

Hypertension control remains a significant challenge in healthcare. Health systems may benefit from segmenting their patient population based on factors such as race, prior healthcare use, and timing of BP measurement to prioritize outreach and intervention.
Persistence and Dose Escalation During Maintenance Phase and Use of Nonbiologic Medications Among Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Initiated on Ustekinumab in the United States
Authors: Zhdanava Maryia , Zhao Ruizhi , Manceur Ameur M , Kachroo Sumesh , Lefebvre Patrick , Pilon Dominic
Published: August 2023

Background

Real-world data on treatment patterns among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) initiated on ustekinumab are limited.

Methods

Adults with UC initiated on ustekinumab (index date) between 10/18/2019 and 04/31/2022 were selected from a deidentified health insurance claims database (Symphony Health, an ICON plc Company, PatientSource). Persistence (no gaps in days of supply >120 days), persistence while being corticosteroid-free (no corticosteroid use for ≥14 days of supply after a 90-day grace period from index date) and dose escalation (≥2 consecutive subcutaneous claims ≥100% above daily maintenance dose) were described during the maintenance phase using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Nonbiologic treatments, among patients with ≥2 ustekinumab claims within 90 days post-index and ≥6 months of follow-up, were compared with logistic models 6 months post- versus pre-ustekinumab initiation.

Results

6565 patients on ustekinumab entered the maintenance phase. At month 12 of the maintenance phase, 72.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70.1%–73.9%) were persistent, 50.8% (95% CI: 48.7%–52.9%) were persistent and corticosteroid-free, and 19.2% (95% CI: 17.3%–21.3%) of patients had dose escalation. In the 6 months post- versus pre-ustekinumab initiation, the odds of nonbiologic medication use assessed in 4147 patients were significantly lower: 57% lower odds for corticosteroid, 46% for 60 cumulative days of corticosteroid, 42% for 5-aminosalicylic acid, and 24% for immunomodulators (all P < .001).

Conclusions

Most patients with UC reaching the maintenance phase on ustekinumab remained persistent after 12 months of maintenance therapy. Nonbiologic medication use post-ustekinumab initiation was significantly lower, notably for corticosteroids. Given the multiple complications associated with chronic corticosteroid use, this reduction can be seen as clinically relevant and informs treatment choice for patients with UC.
Prognostic significance of haemodynamic parameters in patients with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Berg David D , Kaur Gurleen , Bohula Erin A , Baird-Zars Vivian M , Alviar Carlos L , Barnett Christopher F , Barsness Gregory W , Burke James A , Chaudhry Sunit-Preet , Chonde Meshe , Cooper Howard A , Daniels Lori B , Dodson Mark W , Gerber Daniel A , Ghafghazi Shahab , Gidwani Umesh K , Goldfarb Michael J , Guo Jianping , Hillerson Dustin , Kenigsberg Benjamin B , Kochar Ajar , Kontos Michael C , Kwon Younghoon , Lopes Mathew S , Loriaux Daniel B , Miller P Elliott , O’Brien Connor G , Papolos Alexander I , Patel Siddharth M , Pisani Barbara A , Potter Brian J , Prasad Rajnish , Roswell Robert O , Shah Kevin S , Sinha Shashank S , Smith Timothy D , Solomon Michael A , Teuteberg Jeffrey J , Thompson Andrea D , Zakaria Sammy , Katz Jason N , van Diepen Sean , Morrow David A
Published: August 2023

Aims

Invasive haemodynamic assessment with a pulmonary artery catheter is often used to guide the management of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) and may provide important prognostic information. We aimed to assess prognostic associations and relationships to end-organ dysfunction of presenting haemodynamic parameters in CS.

Methods and results

The Critical Care Cardiology Trials Network is an investigator-initiated multicenter registry of cardiac intensive care units (CICUs) in North America coordinated by the TIMI Study Group. Patients with CS (2018–2022) who underwent invasive haemodynamic assessment within 24 h of CICU admission were included. Associations of haemodynamic parameters with in-hospital mortality were assessed using logistic regression, and associations with presenting serum lactate were assessed using least squares means regression. Sensitivity analyses were performed excluding patients on temporary mechanical circulatory support and adjusted for vasoactive-inotropic score. Among the 3603 admissions with CS, 1473 had haemodynamic data collected within 24 h of CICU admission. The median cardiac index was 1.9 (25th–75th percentile, 1.6–2.4) L/min/m2 and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 74 (66–86) mmHg. Parameters associated with mortality included low MAP, low systolic blood pressure, low systemic vascular resistance, elevated right atrial pressure (RAP), elevated RAP/pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ratio, and low pulmonary artery pulsatility index. These associations were generally consistent when controlling for the intensity of background pharmacologic and mechanical haemodynamic support. These parameters were also associated with higher presenting serum lactate.

Conclusion

In a contemporary CS population, presenting haemodynamic parameters reflecting decreased systemic arterial tone and right ventricular dysfunction are associated with adverse outcomes and systemic hypoperfusion.
Predicting poor neurological outcomes following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using neuron-specific enolase and neurofilament light chain in patients with and without haemolysis
Authors: Abdi Isse Yusuf , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth , Wiberg Sebastian , Grand Johannes , Obling Laust E R , Meyer Anna Sina Pettersson , Kjaergaard Jesper , Hassager Christian , Meyer Martin A S
Published: August 2023

Aims

Hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a common complication and a major cause of death. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are released after brain injury and elevated concentrations of both are associated with poor neurological outcome. We explored the influence of haemolysis on the prognostic performance of NSE and NfL.

Methods and results

The study is based on post hoc analyses of a randomized, single-centre, double-blinded, controlled trial (IMICA), where comatose OHCA patients of presumed cardiac cause were included. Free-haemoglobin was measured at admission to quantify haemolysis. NSE and NfL were measured after 48 h to estimate the extent of brain injury. Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (MoCA) was assessed to evaluate neurocognitive impairments. Seventy-three patients were included and divided into two groups by the median free-haemoglobin at admission. No group differences in mortality or poor neurological outcome were observed. The high-admission free-haemoglobin group had a significantly higher concentration of NSE compared to the low-admission free-haemoglobin group (27.4 µmol/L vs. 19.6 µmol/L, P = 0.03), but no differences in NfL. The performance of NSE and NfL in predicting poor neurological outcome were high for both, but NfL was numerically higher [area under the ROC (AUROC) 0.90 vs. 0.96, P = 0.09]. Furthermore, NfL, but not NSE, was inversely correlated with MoCA score, R2 = 0.21, P = 0.006.

Conclusion

High free-haemoglobin at admission was associated with higher NSE concentration after 48 h, but, the performance of NSE and NfL in predicting poor neurological outcome among OHCA patients were good regardless of early haemolysis. Only elevated NfL concentrations were associated with cognitive impairments.