bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discurso educacional contemporâneo: nota sobre um inventário analógico de Julio Groppa Aquino
Authors: Da Costa Cristiano Bedin
Published: July 2023

Discurso educacional contemporâneo: inventário analógico, de Julio Groppa Aquino, reúne 5.000 excertos de 1.165 entrevistas concedidas por 896 expoentes do campo pedagógico brasileiro nas últimas quatro décadas. O corpus documental é composto de 10 revistas de referência na imprensa periódica educacional. Trata-se de um amplo quadro diacrônico, que diz respeito tanto à história das narrativas pedagógicas em curso no país quanto à da intrincada mecânica de governamento docente apregoado pela expertise educacional em destaque. Nesta resenha, destaca-se a apropriação e a montagem como estratégias de pesquisa com o arquivo, noção que o autor mobiliza desde Michel Foucault e seus interlocutores. Longe de se configurar como um trabalho de reposição e interpretação dos textos selecionados, a obra instaura um movimento de hibridação e transcriação discursiva, cujos efeitos sugerem novos estilos de presença para as práticas educativas na atualidade.
Hackeamos a universidade: disputas e afirmações sobre o (não) lugar das pessoas trans na universidade
Authors: Santos Júlio César de Oliveira
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, problematiza-se noções de “hackeamento” e pertencimento, e as disputas sobre a territorialização da universidade através de narrativas de quatro mulheres trans/travestis estudantes da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Nas narrativas aqui apresentadas, acessar a universidade envolve um sentimento de que o espaço acadêmico não é feito para corpos trans e travestis, mas que nesse acesso encontra-se oportunidades de ressignificar as próprias histórias de vidas e disputar a universidade. As interlocutoras desse estudo destacam, por essa razão, como suas trajetórias acadêmicas são bandeiras e veículos de lutas fundamentais para essa população, deslocando os significados da política e da própria universidade. Dessa maneira, “hackear a universidade” é disputa-la por dentro, acessando seus espaços e dispositivos. É buscar minar as estruturas de subalternização e exclusão das pessoas trans e travestis nessas instituições, o que envolve demandas pelo reconhecimento de outros sujeitos e outras perspectivas políticas, culturais, teóricas, epistemológicas e metodológicas.
Cattle Review
Authors: Barrett David C
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

In this Cattle Review we consider three very timely papers looking at heat stress (HS) in dairy cattle, recently published with open access in the Journal of Dairy Science.
Factors Affecting Stress and Stress Management Among Dentists Graduated from Chiang Mai University
Authors:   Khuntan hospital, Thailand, Pattranukulkit Pechrat , Toungratanaphan Songvuth ,   Department of Family and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Boonchieng Waraporn ,   Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Objectives: This study aims to explore the levels of overall and occupational stress, correlation between overall and occupational stress, factors affecting overall and occupational stress, and stress management strategies among dentists who graduated from Chiang Mai University. Methods: 2,650 dentists who graduated from Chiang Mai University between 1983 and 2020 and are now working in Thailand were the subject of this study. Between May and September 2021, 2,466 dentists were provided online surveys that included the Suanprung Stress Test-20, Work Stress Inventory for Dentists, and Stress-coping strategy checklist. 588 respondents filled out the surveys (response rate was 23.8%). With the level of significance set at 0.05, descriptive and analytical statistics were used to examine the data using SPSS. Results: 78% of respondents had moderate to high level of overall stress, 84.9% had low to normal level of occupational stress. There was a positive correlation between overall and occupational stress (rs=0.686, p<0.001). ‘age’, ‘having underlying disease’, and ‘financial status’ were the factors which significantly resulted in different overall stress scores (p<0.05). ‘hobbies’ had the highest rating for stress coping (87.6%), followed by ‘resting’ (79.7%) and ‘eating’ (68.4%). Conclusions: The majority of dentists had normal levels of occupational stress, moderate to high levels of overall stress, and occupational stress significantly correlated with overall stress. There were a few factors that affect overall stress after adjusting for influences of the confounding variables. And there were a variety of stress coping strategies that dentists used for stress management. The findings of this study could be useful for strategic planning to prevent and resolve dentists' stress issues in the future.
Semi-permanent Restorations Just Temporary or Long-lasting Use?: A Review of the Literature
Authors:   Candidate for Master’s Degree Program in Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Adulroj Vachirawit , Chaijareenont Pisaisit ,   Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Yavirach Apichai ,   Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Angkasith Pattarika ,   Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Published: July 2023

In some clinical situations, using a provisional fixed restoration for an extended period of time is unavoidable. However, traditional materials are unable to withstand this, resulting in restoration fracture, which leads to repair and/or replacement as well as increased chair time and treatment costs. Many practitioners have been developing their protocols to improve physical properties and longevities of these restorations. Currently, many manufacturers have launched novel products and several fabrication techniques; some are claimed to be “semi-permanent restoration” with improved strength and survivability. The purpose of this review article is to assist clinicians to decide the most appropriate provisional restorative materials for long-term usage in complex treatment procedures, including fabrication and cementation techniques.
Droplet Spread Pattern Produced by Magnetostrictive Scaling with and without a High-volume Evacuator
Authors:   Undergraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Rakpraisan Charin , Suksansirikul Nutcha ,   Undergraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Phanthupal Thonthan ,   Undergraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Chamnan Neatitham ,   Undergraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Permpanich Piyanuj ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Sawangpanyangkura Teerat ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To study the droplet spread pattern from magnetostrictive scaling and the effect of a high-volume evacuator (HVE) on spread reduction. Methods: Magnetostrictive scaling was simulated on a dental unit using dye-stained water. Gridded filter paper was installed at five vertical heights. Each height consisted of a center point with six radial directions, each divided into four horizontal distances. Eight minutes of scaling was performed in triplicate for two groups, scaling with HVE (H) and scaling without HVE (NH). The stained paper grid cells were counted, and the number and percentage of stained cells were calculated. Statistical comparison of H and NH was performed using SPSS. Results: The 2 and 4 o’clock directions showed the highest number of stained areas in both groups. Pieces of paper located 30 cm from center horizontally in all directions from floor level up to 30 cm above the scaler tip were completely stained in both groups. The furthest distance that droplets spread was 120 cm from center at 2 and 4 o’clock in the NH group. The highest vertical spread was 45 cm above the tip in both groups and it was significantly decreased in the H group. The total stained area was reduced by 3.15 % when using HVE. Conclusions: Droplet spread from magnetostrictive scaling can reach 120 cm from the dental unit in the 2 and 4 o’clock directions. An HVE with adequate airflow rates is necessary for reducing contamination risk.
Morphological patterns of the cerebral arterial circle of Willis: Implication in subjects with ischemic stroke
Authors:   Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Paulinus Samson Omini , Esien-umo Emmanuel ,   Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Ibe Blessing Samuel ,   Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Archibong Bassey Eyo ,   Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Eru Eru Mba ,   Department of Anatomical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Egom Akwa Erim ,   Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Egbe Nneoyi ,   Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Igiri Anozeng Onyono ,   Department of Anatomical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Published: July 2023

Background: A stroke or cerebrovascular accident is associated with defects in the circle of Willis. The present research assessed whether differences in the anatomy of the circle of Willis were implicated in subjects affected by stroke. Materials and methods: A retrospective descriptive (cohort) study of images of 340 male and female subjects aged 15 to 75 years, referred for either brain Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan indicative of suspected stroke, was employed. A convenient sampling technique was used to obtain images from selected hospitals and radio-diagnostic centers with Computed Tomography (CT) and MRI scanners. Approval was obtained from the Federal Health Research Ethics Committee in accordance with institutional guidelines and principles, following permission and clearance (Approval Number: FHREC/2019/01/51/13-05-19). Patterns of morphology observed in the circle of Willis were data collected and stored in a non-identifiable format. Data obtained were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Inc, Chicago, IL, USA version 25.0. Results: Of the total 340 images evaluated, 256 (75.29%) subjects had ischemic stroke while 84 (24.71%) subjects had no stroke and were thus, considered to be apparently normal. Structural patterns in the circle of Willis mostly observed were the absence of the anterior communicating artery (10.94%) and the bilateral absence of the posterior communicating artery (10.16%). Conclusion: Morphological patterns of the cerebral arterial circle of Willis observed, were implicated in subjects affected with stroke in the present study population.
Effects of Longan Biochar as Filter Materials on Plant Responses and Wastewater Treatment by Typha angustifolia L.
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Janyasupab Pakawat , Brix Hans ,   Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, Jampeetong Arunothai ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Abstract This study investigated the effects of filter materials and Typha angustifolia L. (cattail) plantation on wastewater treatment efficiency and assessed the growth responses of cattail in the different filter materials. Five treatments of lab-scale experiment were set-up: unplanted and planted columns filled with either gravel or longan biochar, and columns without any filters and plants were used as a control. Without plantation, longan biochar filters removed 97% of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 96% of total suspended solids (TSS), 86% of ammonium (NH4-N), 82% of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and 75% of nitrate (NO3-N). Compared with the unplanted gravel-based system, 87% of BOD5 and 89% of TSS were removed but NH4-N, TKN, and NO3-N removal was only 27%, 37%, and 34%, respectively. However, the pollutant removal in gravel-based systems was as high as the removal in longan biochar-based systems when planted with cattail. It removed 84% and 81% of NH4-N and TKN, respectively, and removed 90% of total phosphorus (TP) whereas the TP removals in the other four treatments were only 13-25%. The study indicates that longan biochar is efficient for removing N and for filtering organic matters from wastewater. Hence, longan biochar may have promise for the use as a filter material in constructed wetlands (CWs). The biochar, however, may have adverse effects on the plants. Therefore, the proportion of biochar in the filter material must be optimized to obtain the most effective plant growth and water treatment before the system can be applied in real-life systems. Keywords: Cattail, Longan biochar, Gravel, Nutrient, Wastewater treatment
Alteration of Drug-Resistant Proteins in ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli After Induction with Cefoxitin Using MALDI-TOF Technique
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Boonrugsa Kamonlapob , Norkham Kate ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Chotimanon Siravit ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Panyadej Khetdan ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Rerkasem Rath ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Singhavesjsakul Pitchaya ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Somnabut Ratchanee ,   Diagnostic Laboratory Section, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand., Sastraruji Thanapat ,   Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Sookkhee Siriwoot ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Abstract This study aimed to solve the diagnostic problem of AmpC enzyme production from ESBL production of community-acquired urinary tract-infected Escherichia coli from Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital in 2019-2020 by using the MALDI-TOF technique to search for the significant difference between the ceftazidime exposure alone and the concomitance of ESBL inhibitor, clavulanic acid, and AmpC inducer, cefoxitin. Among 254 E. coli isolates, 42.12% (n = 107) were categorized as high-ESBL producers after determined by E-strip test. The frequencies of six peaks, 2689 (88.19%), 3126 (90.55%), 6314 (91.73%), 6411 (88.98%), 7157 (90.55%), 10301 (85.09%) Da were suspected to be the E. coli specific peptide spectra. In the high-ESBL-producing group, three statistically significant peptide spectra which played an ESBL manner were only identified at 4613 (13.33%, P = 0.008), 5613 (11.67%, P = 0.018), and 9713 (55.00%, P < 0.001) Da. Three peptide spectra that acted in AmpC β-lactamase manner were statistically significant at 4184 (16.67%, P = 0.048), 9551 (10.00%, P = 0.021), and 10477 Da (38.33%, P = 0.006) in this group. Whereas the statistically significant peptide spectra which played as AmpC were identified at 5380 (80.00%, P = 0.005) and 6254 Da (66.67%, P = 0.016) in the non ESBL-producing group. Our results indicated that AmpC enzyme-related spectra could be detected in some high-ESBL and non ESBL-producing isolates after being induced by cefoxitin. Keywords: AmpC, MALDI-TOF, Cefoxitin, ESBL-producing E. coli, Drug resistance protein
Health Utility and Its Relationship with Disease Activity and Physical Disability of Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis in Thailand
Authors:   Clinical Trial and Evidence-Based Synthesis Research Unit (CTEBs RU), Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand, Sawangjit Ratree , Dilokthornsakul Piyameth ,   Center for Medical and Health Technology Assessment (CM-HTA), Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,   Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand, Chiowchanwisawakit Praveena ,   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Louthrenoo Worawit ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Osiri Manathip ,   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Sucheewasilp Jeeranun ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand, Nampuan Sawanya ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand, Permsuwan Unchalee ,   Center for Medical and Health Technology Assessment (CM-HTA), Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,   Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Abstract This study aimed to estimate health utility and related factors among Thai patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). A cross-sectional study was performed on patients with PsA. A structured face-to-face interview was conducted including baseline characteristics, EQ-5D-5L (Thai Version) for health utility, the Thai version of the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (Thai HAQ) for physical disability and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) for the severity of skin lesions. Patients’ disease activity was measured by the clinical Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis. A linear regression analysis was performed to relate health utility and its factors. Of 84 patients enrolled, 67 (79.8%) had remission or low disease activity. The mean ± SD overall health utility was 0.87 ± 0.15. The health utility score of patients with low disease activity was significantly greater than that of those with moderately active to active disease activity (0.89 ± 0.12 vs. 0.72 ± 0.19, P < 0.001). The HAQ-DI (β = -0.213, 95%CI; -0.263 to -0.164, P < 0.001) and PASI (β = -0.006, 95%CI; -0.049 to -0.003, P = 0.001) were found to be significantly related factors for health utility. In conclusion, Thai patients with PsA possessed high health utility. The HAQ-DI and PASI were strongly related to patients’ health utility. Keywords: Utility, Disability, HAQ-DI, EQ-5D-5L, Psoriatic arthritis, Health-related quality of life
In vitro Assessment of Total Bioactive Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Juices Extracts of Table and Wine Varieties from Algeria and Their Correlations
Authors:   Laboratory  of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Blida 1 University ,  BP 270,  Road of Soumaa, Blida 09000, Algeria, Meziane Yacine , Yakoubi Rima ,   Laboratory  of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Blida 1 University ,  BP 270,  Road of Soumaa, Blida 09000, Algeria, Megateli Smain ,   Laboratory  of Sciences, Food Technology and Sustainable development, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Blida 1 University , BP 270,  Road of Soumaa, Blida 09000, Algeria, Chaouia Cherifa ,   Laboratory of plant production biotechnology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Blida 1 University, BP 270,  Road of Soumaa, Blida 09000, Algeria
Published: July 2023

Abstract Vitis vinífera L. is an important source of phenolic compounds, which can prevent disease if included as a part of a diet. In this study, table grape (Cardinal, Muscat, Italia, Gros noir and Red globe) and wine grape juices extracts (Cinsault, Merlot and Syrah) were regarded as studied subject and a reliable method was established to predict their polyphenol, flavonoid, flavonol, condensed tannin, hydrolysable tannin, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and carotenoids contents. Their antioxidant capacity was determined by using DPPH and reducing power assays. Then chemometrics methods including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to select the most significant and responsible characteristics for discrimination of grape varieties. Black grape extracts had significantly the highest concentration of ascorbic acid (from 10.09 ± 0.14 to 15.38 ± 0.42 mg/100g), carotenoids (from 0.11 ± 0.01 to 0.58 ± 0.04 mg/100g), total phenols (from 1330.91 ± 9.24 to 1406.7 ± 10.7 mg/100g) and flavonoids (from 165.53 ± 4.7 to 393.22 ± 30.36 mg/100g). Black grape extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity [IC50 varied from 26.44 ± 1.56 to 32.62 ± 0.66 mg/mL] followed by red ones [IC50 ranged from 69.56 ± 7.61 to 80.62 ± 6.58 mg/mL]. Statistics analysis indicated that the levels of bioactive components and antioxidant activity were positively correlated. The PCA applied to the bioactive contents allowed a high degree of grape variety differentiation according to their antioxidant activity. These results showed that grape extracts, can be used in food and pharmaceutical industries as natural antioxidants agents. Keywords: Vitis vinífera L, Grape variety, Extract, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant activity, Multivariate analysis
Improved PCR for Detection of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans in tomato seeds
Authors:   Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Sean Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand, Watcharachaiyakup Jutatape ,   Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Sawangchaitham Kanchanaphon ,   Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Sean Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand,   Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Burns Parichart ,   National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand, Kositratana Wichai ,   Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Sean Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand,   Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Abstract The detection efficiency of the PCR methods for Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans (Xep) was determined. Xep specific primer set; HpaF-f/HpaF-r was compared with the previously reported Bs-XpF/Bs-XpR primers in multiplex PCR reaction and singleplex PCR for detection of Xep were tested. The improvement of PCR amplification efficacy was investigated by adding PCR additives or either 5% DMSO or 1 M betaine. Adding both PCR additives gave the same lowest detection limit of Xep detection in both multiplex and singleplex PCR at 100 fg. However, multiplex PCR gave no equal amplification rate for both sets of primers and also showed cross-amplification to X. vesicatoria. Then singleplex PCR with both PCR additives was further tested in a tomato seed lot. The artificially inoculated tomato seeds with various concentrations of Xep from 1.05 x 105 to 101 CFU/ml were tested with singleplex PCR. The lowest detection limit was 101 CFU/ml of the 5 replications of each inoculated seed. One artificially inoculated tomato seed from each bacterial cell suspension was mixed with 2,000 healthy seeds making 0.05% (1/2,000) contaminated tomato seeds sample and further tested with singleplex PCR, results showed the detection limit of 101 CFU/ml in 0.05% Xep contaminated seed lot. Keywords: PCR additives, Seed, Bacterial leaf spot, Tomato, Conventional PCR
Steroids from Toona sureni-derived Endophytic Fungi Stemphylium sp. MAFF 241962 and Their Heme Polymerization Inhibition Activity
Authors:   Herbal Medicine Research, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang 50272, Indonesia, Anwar Risyandi , Pratama Galih Bayu ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia, Supratman Unang ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia,   Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia, Harneti Desi ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia, Azhari Azmi ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia, Fajriah Sofa ,   Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangeran Selatan, 15314, Banten, Indonesia, Azmi Mohamad Nurul ,   School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia, Shiono Yoshihito ,   Department of Bioresources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Yamagata University, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
Published: July 2023

Abstract Antimalarial drug resistance is a major cause of the increasing incidence of malaria worldwide, necessitating an urgent demand for the development of new antimalarial drugs. However, the availability of bioactive natural compounds derived from plants is often limited. To address this issue, continuous exploration of bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi derived from medicinal plants has been recognized as a viable alternative. Therefore, this research aimed to isolate and characterize three ergosteroids, namely isocyathisterol (1), ergosterol-5,8-peroxide (3), cerevisterol (4), and a phytosterol, β-sitosterol (2), from the rice cultures of endophytic fungus Stemphylium sp. MAFF 241962, derived from Toona sureni. Endophytic fungi species were determined using molecular analysis of the internal transcribed region (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA. After comparing the sequence data to the NCBI database using BLAST, endophytic fungi were identified as Stemphylium sp. 241962 with 100% similarity. The chemical structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR. Antimalarial activities of compounds 1-4 were evaluated using heme polymerization inhibition activity (HPIA) method. The results showed moderate inhibition activities with IC50 values of 7.70 ± 0.11, 9.48 ± 0.09, 7.88 ± 0.10, and 8.36 ± 0.56 mg/mL, respectively, compared to positive control chloroquine diphosphate with IC50 values of 1.59 ± 0.03 mg/mL. Keywords: Steroid, Stemphylium sp., Toona sureni, Antimalarial activity, Heme polymerization inhibition
Human rapid influenza diagnostic test: efficacy and significance for using in animal
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Saipinta Duanghathai , Chuammitri Phongsakorn ,   Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100 Thailand,   Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health and Production, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Ohkura Satoshi ,   Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan, Luangwaranan Banlang ,   Hausen Bernstein Co., Ltd., Bangkok 10140, Thailand, Tadee Pakpoom ,   Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) could considerably assist in clinical management resolving outbreaks of diseases in humans and animals. The RIDT for animals is rarely available and considerably expensive, especially in Thailand. In this study, therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the capacity of a commercial human RIDT “QuickNavi™Flu2”, an RIDT for influenza viruses A and B, to detect influenza viruses A antigen including 2 inactivated swine influenza viruses: H1N1 and H3N2, canine parainfluenza virus, and feline calicivirus. In addition, the efficacy of QuickNavi™Flu2 was compared with the real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (real-time rt-PCR). Both of SIV were used as stock solutions, and were serially diluted 6 concentrations before testing. The stock and diluted solutions of both SIV, specimens of canine parainfluenza virus, feline calicivirus and 96 unknown samples were tested by QuickNavi™Flu2 according to the guideline. Then all of samples were repeated testing with real-time rt-PCR assay. Results showed that Quick Navi-Flu could not give positive results for dilutions lower than 1:10 and 1:100, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values of QuickNavi™Flu2 test in comparison to real-time rt-PCR assay for influenza A virus were 36.1% and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, a human RIDT can detect swine influenza H1N1 and H3N2 in high viral concentration, and appeared to be a useful tool for screening in animals when the viral load is sufficient.
Antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of integron in Aeromonas hydrophila from hemorrhagic diseased Pangasius catfish of the Mekong Delta
Authors:   Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vietnam, thi quach , Bao Trung Nguyen ,   College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Vietnam, Thanh Dung Tu ,   College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Vietnam
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial resistance from bacterial pathogens is becoming a health concern in many countries. The purpose of this investigation was to assess antimicrobial resistance and find out the prevalence of class 1 integrons from A. hydrophila that led to hemorrhagic disease in intensively farmed Tra catfish in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The research showed that a total of 74 isolates were isolated and identified as A. hydrophila by the API 20E kit and using the amplification products of the aerolysin gene for confirmation. The susceptibility of all isolates was tested against fifteen antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. Our study indicated that most strains were resistant to the following antibiotics: trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, cefalexin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, neomycin, and gentamycin. In addition, the investigation also indicated that most A. hydrophila isolates displayed multiple antibiotic resistance phenotypes. The MAR (multiple antibiotic resistance) index was high, ranging from 0.40 to 0.66 for A. hydrophila isolates, which indicated that these isolates were exposed to high risk sources of contamination where antibiotics were commonly used. Among all isolates, 12.16% (9/74 isolates) of class 1 integrons were determined by polymerase chain reaction
The interactive effects of threonine and crude protein level on apparent nutrients digestibility and nitrogen balance in local Muscovy ducks
Authors:   Tay Do University, Dong Nguyen Thi Kim , Qui Nguyen Hoang ,   Tra Vinh University, Thuy Linh Nguyen ,   Tra Vinh University
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to determine the effects of threonine (Thr) and crude protein (CP) on the apparent nutrients, amino acid digestibility, and nitrogen balance of local Muscovy ducks at 8 and 10 weeks of age. The study was a 3x2 factorial design for two phases with three levels of CP (17, 18, and 19% CP) and two levels of Thr (0.7 and 0.8% Thr) for the first phase while three levels of CP (15, 16, and 17% CP) and two levels of Thr (0.5 and 0.6% Thr) for the second phase. The birds were fed and given water ad libitum for the entire experiment. The results showed that CP and Thr increased apparent nutrient digestibility, especially for DM digestibility (P < 0.05). Besides, Thr addition also increased OM, and NDF digestibility (P <0.05). In addition, nitrogen balance was better in high-dose Thr and CP diets (p<0.05). For amino acids, when increased Thr and CP levels, it increased the digestibility of Isoleucine, Threonine, and Valine (P < 0.05) while Thr levels increased Methionine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Tyrosine, and CP levels increased Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Threonine, Valine, Alanine, Glutamic, Proline digestibility (P < 0.05). However, this study could not record any interactions between Thr and CP in the diet throughout the experiment (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that supplementation with 0.8% Thr and 19% CP for 5-8 weeks of age and 0.6% Thr and 17% CP for 8-10 weeks of age in the local Muscovy duck diet increased the digestibility of apparent nutrients and amino acids and balanced the nitrogen substance in the duck’s body.
Temporal trend and high-risk areas of rabies occurrences in animals in Nepal from 2005 to 2018
Authors:   Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Centre for Asia Pacific (VPHCAP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand, Shrestha Swochhal Prakash , Chaisowwong Warangkhana ,   Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Centre for Asia Pacific (VPHCAP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand,   Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand,   Center of Excellence in Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand,   Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Arjkumpa Orapun ,   The 4th Regional Livestock Office, Department of Livestock Development, Khon Kaen 40260, Thailand, Upadhyaya Mukul ,   Veterinary Epidemiology Section(VES), Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Kathmandu 44600, Nepal, Koirala Pragya ,   Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL), Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Kathmandu 44600, Nepal, Maharjan Manju ,   Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL), Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Kathmandu 44600, Nepal, Shrestha Swoyam Prakash ,   National Animal Science Research Institute(NASRI), Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) 44700, Nepal, Punyapornwithaya Veerasak ,   Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Centre for Asia Pacific (VPHCAP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand,   Center of Excellence in Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand,   Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand,   Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Rabies is an important zoonosis in both the public and animal health domains. The occurrences of animal rabies have been continuously reported in Nepal. For the effective control and management of animal rabies, a better understanding of rabies epidemiology is essential. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the spatial distribution and to describe the epidemiological characteristics of animal rabies occurrences in Nepal. Official reports of rabies occurrences from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed using the Global Moran’s Index and Local Moran’s Index. The study revealed an increasing trend in the later years of the study period after 2014 with occurrences clustered around the southern region of the country. For the overall period, the high—high clustering areas were mostly found in Dailekh and Kailali. In addition, different areas were visualized as high-risk areas in various years. This study identified the high-risk areas of rabies; thus, authorities and stakeholders can utilize this finding in enhancing the rabies control program in the country
Prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis and dairy farmers’ KAP in 2 townships, Myanmar
Authors:   Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Naypyitaw 15015, Myanmar, Win Hlaing ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand, Kasemsuwan Suwicha ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand, Myint Hnin Thidar ,   Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Naypyitaw 15015, Myanma, Ekgatat Monaya ,   National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10220, Thailand, Phimpraphai Waraphon ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Brucellosis is a highly infectious zoonotic disease and has a great economic impact on dairy production. In Yangon Region of Myanmar, 0.47% seroprevalence of brucellosis in dairy cattle and 8 human IgG positive cases was reported. This study aims to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in dairy farms and its risk factors as well as to assess the current knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of dairy farmers regarding brucellosis. Our study was conducted in Hlegu and Taikkyi Township during September 2019 to January 2020. Pooled milk samples were collected from 174 dairy farms. Using Milk Ring Test (MRT), Brucella spp. was found in 30 dairy farms and the prevalence was 17.2%. Statistically significant farm factors associated with MRT positive results were farm location in Takkyi Township (Odds ratio (OR) 3.19; 95%CI =1.42, 7.15), pasture sharing (OR 3.43; 95%CI = 1.34, 8.76), and abortion (OR 2.68; 95% CI = 1.21, 5.98). Survey for the KAP for brucellosis in farmers indicated that good knowledge, attitudes and practices were in 35.1, 99.4, and 62.1% of the respondents, respectively. In conclusion, brucellosis was still a problem of dairy farms in study area and MRT can be used as a farm level screening test. Educational campaign for brucellosis prevention and control should be considered according to a lack of knowledge and inappropriate farm practices among dairy farmers
A review article on avian Erysipelas infection: An occupational disease of one health importance
Authors:   Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt, Abd El-Ghany Wafaa
Published: July 2023

This review article was designed to spotlight on erysipelas infection of poultry regarding the disease history and nomenclature, the bacterium, virulence factors and pathogenicity, susceptibility, infection and transmission, pathology, human infection, laboratory diagnosis, and the prevention and control. Erysipelas is an acute emerging and occupational disease that affects a wide range of birds especially turkeys. The disease is caused by a bacterium, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (E. rhusiopathiae), which is a ubiquitous pathogen in the environment. Infection with E. rhusiopathiae is more common in adults than young birds and usually occur through mechanical skin injuries. Erysipelas in acute stage causes sudden death of infected birds, while some birds may show darkening of the skin or cyanosis in the head region and sharp drop in egg production. In post-mortem lesions, birds with E. rhusiopathiae show septicaemic picture, haemorrhages all over the body, valvular endocarditis, diffuse enlargement of internal organs, enteritis, and arthritis. The disease in human is known as erysipeloid and it mostly affects persons in direct contact with infected birds or contaminated poultry products. Strict biosecurity measures and treatment especially with penicillin derivatives are crucial for erysipelas control in infected birds. Living and inactivated vaccines for turkeys and other species of birds are used for prophylaxis.
Feeding habit and intensity of Periophthalmus variabilis caught from some coastal provinces in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors:   Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam, Hua U Van , Dinh Quang Minh ,   Department of Biology, School of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam, Nguyen Ton Huu Duc ,   Department of Biology, School of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
Published: July 2023

Dusky-gilled mudskipper Periophthalmus variabilis, a member of the family Gobiidae, is a potential aquarium pet in the Mekong Delta (MD), Vietnam; however, data on its feeding habit and intensity has been limited. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relative gut length (RGL) and gastro-somatic index (GI) of Periophthalmus variabilis in order to determine the feeding habit and intensity of this mudskipper and its variation regarding sex, size, season, site, and their interaction. One thousand one hundred seventy mudskipper samples were collected monthly in four locations: Duyen Hai-Tra Vinh, Tran De-Soc Trang, Hoa Binh-Bac Lieu, and Dam Doi-Ca Mau from January 2022 to December 2022. The analysis showed that Periophthalmus variabilis was a carnivorous fish with an average RGL value of 0.52±0.01 SE (<1). In addition, the RGL of this species varied and depended on size, sampling site, season, and the interaction of both size and season with locations. The GI of the mudskipper was 4.27±0.29 SE, indicating that its feeding intensity belonged to the moderate category and varied with size and site but not sex, season, and interactions. These results supplement novel knowledge on its feeding habit and intensity, a basis for researching the aquaculture of Periophthalmus variabilis in MD.
Occurrence of ciprofloxacin resistance, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes and virulence factors in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolated from broilers in Thailand isolated from broilers in Thailand
Authors:   Research Group of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases in Animals and Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Suwannachot Nusara , Ketphan Warisa ,   Bacteriology and mycology section, National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Jittimanee Suphattra ,   Division of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand,   Research Group of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases in Animals and Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Phuektes Patchara ,   Division of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand,   Research Group of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases in Animals and Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Published: July 2023

Salmonella Enteritidis is one of the most common serovars associated with gastroenteritis in humans. Fluoroquinolone resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella including S. Enteritidis has increased globally and is considered as a threat to public health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the occurrence of ciprofloxacin resistance and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, and examine virulence gene profiles of 69 S. Enteritidis isolates recovered from 46 boot swab and 23 intestinal samples collected from 69 commercial intensive broiler farms in Thailand. Ciprofloxacin susceptibility of these isolates was determined using microbroth dilution method. PCR was used to detect 5 common PMQR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr and qepA) and 12 important virulence genes (agfA, invA, spaN, prgH, sitC, ssaQ, mgtC, sopB, sifA, tolC, cdtB and spvC). All S. Enteritidis showed reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, with the MIC values of 0.125-0.50 µg/mL. However, these isolates did not carry PMQR genes investigated. The same virulence profile was observed among 69 S. Enteritidis isolates in which 11 virulence genes, except cdtB, were detected. The presence of virulence genes identified in invasive salmonellosis in the S. Enteritidis isolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin could be of public health concerns. Our findings underline the need for constant monitoring of ciprofloxacin-resistant S. Enteritidis in poultry production chain to reduce public health risk.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis, Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanol Root Extract of Rhaphiostylis beninensis (Hook.f.) Planch. [family ICACINACEAE] against Uropathogens
Authors: Animashaun Titilola Oyenike , Adeoye-Isijola Morenike Olutunmbi , Naidoo Kubendran Kista , Coopoosamy Roger Murugas , Olajuyigbe Olufunmiso Olusola
Published: July 2023

In Nigeria, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are amid the most prevalent bacterial contagions, with a higher incidence rate in women. Depending on the severity of the infection, different antibiotics are used to treat UTIs. Herbal remedies have, on the other hand, been seen as the paranormal means of treating UTIs while antibiotic resistance has emerged as a problem for medics. This study examined the methanol extract of Rhaphiostylis beninensis (MRB) for its phytochemical and bioactive components, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. From the study, the methanol extract's antioxidant activities grew stronger as concentration increased. Alkaloids, saponin, tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, and reducing sugar—giving the extract its pharmacological potential—were among the phytochemicals identified from the phytochemical screening. The GC-MS Chromatogram showed that there are 42 bioactive compounds in the MRB with the most prominent compounds being (Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid 19.96%, Lupeol 18.96%, cis-13-Octadecenoic acid 9.96%, n-Hexadecanoic acid 9.87%, 3',5'-Dimethoxyacetophenone 6.67%, 4-((1E)-3-Hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenol 3.21%, Octadecanoic acid 2.98%, Capsaicin 2.58%, α-Amyrin 2.53%, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester 2.49%, and Vitamin E 2.45%. The MRB showed significant minimum inhibitory concentration values against Pseudomonas putida PA25T, Escherichia coli EC3AT, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA129AT and Serratia marcescens and a significant MBC value against Escherichia coli EC3AT. This study emphasizes the medicinal efficacy of R. beninensis root and indicated that the plant could make a promising candidate for the isolation of bioactive compounds that could be synthesized as medications for the treatment of bacteria in uropathogenic disorders.