bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of three photoactivation techniques on the sorption and solubility of different composite resins
Authors: MATUMOTO Marçal Seitaro , MENDONÇA Márcio José , BUSATO Priscilla do Monte Ribeiro , LAURINDO Brenda Matsunaga , CAMILOTTI Veridiana
Published: February 2019

Abstract Introduction There is a growing demand for aesthetic restorations and the polymerized composite resins are the most used material in these procedures. In order to achieve greater resistance to solubilization proper polymerization is required. Objective Evaluate the influence of three photoactivation techniques, on sorption and solubility of three composite resins. Materials and methods 90 test samples measuring 8 mm diameter and 1 mm thick were made and divided into 9 groups (n=10) of resins -Filtek Z350 XT, Tetric N-Ceram and IPS Empress Direct, each of them was polymerized with LED Bluephase, using the techniques: Conventional, Soft-Start (SS) and Pulse Delay (PD). Afterwards they were placed in desiccator with silica gel at 98.6 F and weighed daily until obtaining a constant mass (m1). Then they were immersed in deionized water for seven days and weighed again (m2). The test sample reconditioning was performed using the m1 procedure, until a constant mass (m3 ) was obtained. The sorption and solubility values were calculated and subjected to ANOVA test (two-way), followed by Tukey post hoc, p<0.05. Result There were no statistically significant differences in sorption and solubility among the studied resins when photoactivation techniques were compared. For solubility analysis, statistically significant differences were observed among the materials. The results for composite resin Filtek Z350 XT presented higher statistical hybridization values than those of the other evaluated resins. Conclusion The different forms of photoactivation had no influence on the sorption and solubility of the tested composite resins.
CONSUMPTION OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED AND ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS AMONG STUDENTS FROM PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS
Authors: Ferreira Camila Silva , Silva Dyene Aparecida , Gontijo Cristiana Araújo , Rinaldi Ana Elisa Madalena
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare and analyze the consumption of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among students from public and private schools. Methods: Study conducted in Uberlândia, MG, with fifth-grade students from three private and six public schools, selected by stratified cluster sampling. We collected data on food consumption using the 24-hour recall. Foods were classified into four groups (G) according to extent and purpose of processing: fresh/minimally processed foods (G1) culinary ingredients (G2), processed foods (G3), and ultra-processed foods (G4). Total energy intake (kcal) of each group, amount of sugar (g), sodium (mg), and fiber (g) were quantified and compared according to administrative affiliation (private or public). Results: Percentage of total energy intake was: G1 - 52%; G2 - 12%; G3 - 5%; e G4 - 31%. Energy intake from G1 (53 vs. 47%), G2 (12 vs. 9%), and G3 (6.0 vs. 0.1%), and amount of sodium (3,293 vs. 2,724 mg) and fiber (23 vs. 18 g) were higher among students from public schools. Energy intake from G4 (36 vs. 28%) and amount of sugar (20 vs. 14%) were higher among students from private schools. The consumption of foods from G1 in the school environment was higher among students from public schools (40 vs. 9%). Conclusions: Foods from G1 represent the highest percentage of total energy intake, while those from G4 constitute a third of calories consumed. Processed juice, sandwich cookie, processed cake, and breakfast cereals are more frequent among private school students; snacks and juice powder are more common for students from public schools.
Reestruturação estratégica e gentrificação em Belo Horizonte: novo cenário, velhas medidas
Authors: Diniz Luciano dos Santos , Silva Cibelle Paula Batista da
Published: February 2019

Resumo As políticas urbanas implementadas pelo poder público, em articulação com o capital privado, a fim de consolidar o papel das cidades no cenário de competição interurbana, nem sempre ampliam o acesso dos cidadãos às funções sociais da cidade. As práticas do urbanismo neoliberal acarretam, por vezes, a intensificação da desigualdade e da segregação socioespacial. O artigo busca avaliar o processo de reestruturação econômico-espacial de Belo Horizonte. As intervenções incluem obras públicas de infraestrutura e de serviços, influindo na valorização fundiária, na apropriação do espaço pelo capital e na expulsão da população vulnerável. O objetivo da pesquisa é identificar se as intervenções realizadas pelo poder público deram início à gentrificação da região de Venda Nova, em Belo Horizonte. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório, utilizando pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de levantamento para evidenciar a dinâmica da elitização do espaço. Os resultados, em diferentes aspectos de análise, demonstram significativas alterações na estrutura socioeconômica e no ambiente construído da região, caracterizadoras da gentrificação. A pesquisa, ao fazer uma análise da gentrificação, a partir da base de dados cadastrais imobiliários do município, pretende trazer uma contribuição importante para os estudos empíricos sobre como o fenômeno se aplica à realidade urbana brasileira.
Potencialidade dos pavimentos permeáveis na melhoria da qualidade da água do escoamento superficial: uma revisão
Authors: Becker Nayara , Pinheiro Ivone Gohr
Published: February 2019

Resumo O escoamento superficial pode acarretar em enchentes urbanas e no aumento da carga de poluentes de corpos d’água. O aumento da carga de poluentes é devido ao fato de o escoamento superficial percorrer sobre pavimentos e calçadas e, dessa forma, transportar os poluentes depositados nesses locais. A percolação do escoamento superficial nos pavimentos permeáveis retém poluentes através de processos físico, químico e/ou biológico. O artigo traz as fontes de poluição e a caraterização do escoamento superficial apresentados em diferentes estudos já publicados e compara os dados com os padrões de classificação de águas doces (classe II) e com os padrões de lançamento de efluentes. Assim, pode-se ter um panorama dos impactos ocasionados pelo escoamento superficial. Procura-se verificar as interveniências ocorridas no escoamento superficial após sua percolação em pavimentos permeáveis, analisando todo o pavimento ou separadamente (camadas de revestimento e de sub-base). Os estudos analisados demonstraram eficiência dos pavimentos permeáveis na redução de poluentes do escoamento superficial, com valores superiores a 70% para os sólidos suspensos totais e eficiências de remoção superiores a 90% para os metais pesados. Os pavimentos permeáveis também se mostraram altamente eficientes na remoção de fósforo total, mas, em geral, ineficientes na remoção de nitrogênio total. Os pavimentos permeáveis são dispositivos promissores como estratégia de manejo do escoamento superficial, por isso, estudos indicaram sua eficiência na filtração de efluentes de minas ácidas e de áreas agrícolas, e a reutilização do escoamento superficial na agricultura.
Publicização da gestão hospitalar no SUS: reemergência das Organizações Sociais de Saúde
Authors: REIS MANOELA CERQUEIRA , COELHO THEREZA CHRISTINA BAHIA
Published: February 2019

Resumo O Estado da Bahia foi pioneiro na privatização da gestão hospitalar por meio de uma política de incentivo às Organizações Sociais de Saúde (OSS), sob o discurso da eficiência. A rapidez de penetração do setor privado na esfera pública, com alteração da noção de democracia e interesse público, tem sido globalmente observada. A análise da incorporação das OSS à gestão dos hospitais estaduais baianos, proposta por este estudo de caso, utilizou documentos disponíveis em sites de domínio público e entrevistas com gestores de hospitais “publicizados” e da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde da Bahia (Sesab). A interpretação dos resultados sob o filtro de categorias históricas e analítico-operacionais evidenciou a ascensão das terceirizações, a partir de 1996, e a incorporação das OSS à cena hospitalar baiana, a partir de 2005, pari passu com o afrouxamento do Conselho Estadual de Saúde e o avivamento do discurso de maior resolutividade das OSS, que seriam “quase como o Estado”. Para afinar-se com o novo discurso governamental, empresas antes terceirizadas mudaram sua personalidade jurídica para OSS, demonstrando um processo de privatização disfarçada, no bojo de um governo que sustentou discurso contrário a essa prática, antagônica aos princípios de seguridade da saúde, expressos na Constituição Federal.
El Sistema Informático de la Reforma GES en Chile: una etnografía de dispositivos de gobierno sanitario
Authors: CARRASCO JIMENA , MEDINA SEBASTIÁN
Published: February 2019

Resumen En las últimas décadas las Tecnologías Informáticas han sido incorporadas a los sistemas de atención sanitaria, de la mano de la conformación de “redes asistenciales” que deben integrar distintos niveles, instituciones y agentes. En Chile, el régimen de “Garantías Explicitas en Salud” (GES) se vincula a estas reformas modernizadoras del Estado, cuya meta es mejorar la eficiencia del gasto público. El presente trabajo analiza críticamente el desarrollo e implementación del “Sistema de Información para la Gestión de Garantías en Salud” (SIGGES) incorporando metodologías propias de los Estudios Sociales de la Ciencia y Tecnología, y se propone un diseño de “etnografía del dispositivo”. Como principales resultados, se evidencia que esta tecnología informática tiene un rol central en la estabilización de la política modernizadora en salud, que pone la gestión administrativa por sobre la integralidad de los cuidados. El SIGGES actúa como mediador entre múltiples niveles y agentes en salud para medir la productividad del sistema, vinculado al financiamiento, con lo cual modifica actividades clínicas y procesos de subjetivación, haciendo que se privilegien prestaciones curativas sobre preventivas y de promoción, patologías GES sobre No-GES, y conglomerados urbanos sobre zonas rurales.
Balanço de fósforo e nitrogênio em leitos cultivados com Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms
Authors: Campos Julyenne Meneghetti , Teixeira Filho José
Published: February 2019

RESUMO O descarte incorreto de resíduos, mesmo após tratamento, pode causar impactos negativos nos corpos d’água receptores. Em especial, substâncias como nitrogênio e fósforo podem se tornar, em função de suas concentrações, tóxicas para os organismos aquáticos ou produzir condições favoráveis à proliferação de vegetação, que podem iniciar os processos de eutrofização. Leitos cultivados são sistemas de tratamento de esgoto construídos com a finalidade de imitar a estrutura das wetlands naturais, promovendo mecanismos de fitorremediação. Apesar de a Eichhornia crassipes ser uma planta invasiva causadora de problemas em rios e lagos eutrofizados, seu uso pode ser interessante em leitos cultivados, pois é uma planta ornamental, o que aumentará a aceitação do sistema de tratamento de águas residuárias, além de poder ser reutilizada no artesanato, na produção de biocombustível e na alimentação animal. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a eficiência de retenção/remoção de fósforo total e nitrogênio total Kjeldahl (NTK) presentes em águas residuárias a partir de dois leitos de fluxo subsuperficial horizontal cultivados com Eichhornia crassipes, com diferença de 43 dias de cultivo entre eles, fixados a um meio suporte. As concentrações de fósforo total variaram de 4,5 a 5,1 mg.L-1 no afluente e de 3,2 a 4,4 mg.L-1 no efluente dos leitos cultivados, enquanto as concentrações de NTK variaram de 95,9 a 104,7 mg.L-1 no afluente e de 77,5 a 85,3 mg.L-1 no efluente.
Supplement Figure v2
Authors: Zhang Lijun , zhang lijun
Published: February 2019

supplement figure 1
Research into the Application of Linguistic Adaptation Theory in Personal Selling Communication
Authors: Huang Danyan
Published: February 2019

This is a qualitative study into the interactive communication between the salesperson and the potential customer in the process of personal selling based on Jef Verschueren’s linguistic Adaptation Theory. By carefully analyzing the obtained data, which are genuine face-to-face selling cases, the study found that the persuasive utterances made by the salesperson can be classified as the adaptation to one of the three worlds: physical world (including adaptation to stretches of time, to selling environment, to physical appearance and to non-verbal messages), social world (including adaptation to the business tradition of being honest and reliable, to the business rule of valuing time as well as to different ages and sexes), and mental world (including the need for benefit seeking, the need for rapport building, the desire for compliment and the desire for sympathy).
A Comparative Study of Interpersonal Function in Political Speeches—A Case Study of Inaugural Speeches by Theresa May and David Cameron
Authors: Zeng Zhaodong
Published: February 2019

This paper, on the basis of the interpersonal function of systemic functional grammar, aims to analyze interpersonal meanings construction in the inaugural speeches of Theresa May and David Cameron in terms of personal pronoun, mood and modality. It is identified that similarities and differences are reflected in the construction of interpersonal meanings. In light of similarities, both of them take the advantage of first person as a way that conveys their wills and builds up their authorities, seek to shorten interpersonal distance with the use of modal verbs of median and low degree, and employ the indicative mood to express their views and win supporters. On the other hand, they show different tendencies towards the use of modal verbs of high degree of modality and choices of second person verbs with regard to their distinct inaugural backgrounds. A comparative study of different inaugural speeches from the perspective of systemic functional grammar will help to gain an in-depth understanding of the organization and informational purposes of political speeches.
Effect of immunoadjuvants on the disease course in patients with operable breast cancer
Authors: Vasilyeva M. M. , Moshurov I. P. , Grivtsova L. Yu. , Tupitsyn N. N. , Kozlov N. A. , Vasilyev M. B.
Published: February 2019

Background. A new strategy of breast cancer management is required for effective disease prevention and control. Immunotherapy is one of promising options.

Objective: to evaluate the effect of immunoadjuvant polyoxidonium on pathmorphological changes in breast tumors.

Materials and methods. The study was performed in 75 patients with breast cancer: 50 patients received polyoxidonium in a neoadjuvant regimen (main group), 25 patients did not receive polyoxidonium (control group). Polyoxidonium at a dose of 12 mg was administered intramuscularly 1 time per day on the days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 before surgery; on the day 8, radical mastectomy was performed in patients of both groups, followed by histological examination and determination of the grade of therapeutic pathomorphosis of the tumor.

Results. The proportion of cases with grade I therapeutic pathomorphosis was 58 %, grade II therapeutic pathomorphosis – 6 %. Pathomorphosis in metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 22.7 % of cases.

Conclusion. The anti-tumor effect of polyoxidonium was confirmed on the basis of the induction of pathomorphosis of the tumor tissue of breast cancer.
The modern trends in diagnosis and treatment of primary operable breast cancer
Authors: Mekhtieva N. I.
Published: February 2019

The article considers the modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of primary operable breast cancer depending on molecular biological profile of the tumor.
Efficacy of dose-intensive platinum-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the combination treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Smirnova O. A. , Bondarev N. E. , Ulrikh E. A. , Mikaya N. A. , Petrova A. S. , Abramova A. V. , Ivantsov A. O. , Gorodnova T. V. , Nekrasova E. A. , Lavrinovich O. E. , Sidoruk A. A. , Urmancheeva A. F. , Berlev I. V.
Published: February 2019

Objective:to assess the efficacy of dose-intensive platinum-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with FIGO stage IB2–IIB locally advanced cervical cancer.

Materials and methods.We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of 3 cycles of intravenous dose-intensive neoadjuvant chemotherapy with either AP regimen (cisplatin 75 mg/m2 and doxorubicin 35 mg/m2) or TP regimen (cisplatin 60 mg/m2 and paclitaxel 60 mg/m2).

Results.The study included 105 patients (75 in the AP group and 30 in the TP group) aged between 27 and 63 years (mean age 44 years) with primary verified cervical cancer (T1–2B0–2Nx–0M0). Surgery was performed in 66 patients (88 %) from the AP group and 24 patients (80 %) from the TP group. Six patients (8 %) receiving AP regimen and 1 patient (3.3 %) receiving TP regimen developed disease progression. Four women (2.8 %) from the AP group developed relapses, whereas none of the patients from the TP group had relapses. Dose-intensive chemotherapy did not cause any significant complications at both chemotherapeutic and surgical stages. Our findings suggest that dose-intensive neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an effective method with an objective response rate of 84 % (63 cases) and 56.7 % (17 cases) in groups AP and TP respectively. Fifty-nine patients (78.7 %) receiving AP regimen had pathological response; of them, 7 participants (9.4 %) demonstrated pathological complete response (ypCR). In the TP group, 19 patients (63.3 %) had pathological response and 4 patients (13.4 %) had pathological complete response. Median follow-up time was 16.7 months (range: 3–29 months) in the AP group and 9.1 months (range: 2.8–12.7 months) in the TP group.

Conclusion.Dose-intensive neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be considered as an alternative to standard treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer; however, further studies are needed due to the small sample size in this study.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE BETWEEN UKRAINE AND EU THROUGH GRUBEL-LLOYD INDEX
Authors: Shnirkov O. , Ivkova N.
Published: February 2019

In this article is analyzed the level of intra-industry trade with Ukraine, the latest publications and the substantiated purpose and methodology of work are investigated. The issue of intra-industry trade of Ukraine and the EU as a factor of the effectiveness of
integration was examined. Calculations of the total quantity and value of a number of imported and exported goods of Ukraine for January-September of 2017 were made; calculated the index of mutual trade of certain goods, which characterizes the level of intra-industry trade between the investigated objects. As a result, a comparative analysis of the Grubel-Lloyd index of goods of certain groups was carried out, and prospective and decadent groups were identified. It is stressed that the Ukrainian producer actively cooperates with the EU in certain industries, but trade in some of the studied product groups is in active development. In the end, an understanding of the prospects and current problems of Ukraine's integration into trade with the countries of the European Union was presented. There is a conclusion that, as of 2017, the dynamics of growth of the index of intra-industry trade between Ukraine and the EU is positive for 60% of goods and for others 40% is negative or more stable.
İlköğretimde Mesleki Çalışma (Seminer) Dönemi Uygulamaları
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Mehmet , GÜVEY AKTAY Emel , GÜLTEKİN İşıl
Published: February 2019

Bu

araştırmanın amacı, ilköğretim kurumlarında görev yapan öğretmenlerin seminer

dönemi mesleki çalışmalara yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Nitel yaklaşımla

gerçekleştirilen araştırmaya Eskişehir ilinin Tepebaşı ilçesindeki ilkokul ve

ortaokullarda görev yapan 75 öğretmen katılmıştır. Araştırma verileri açık uçlu

anket yoluyla toplanmış ve betimsel analiz tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir.

Araştırma bulguları bakış açısı, yapılan etkinlikler, beklentiler, eğitim

konuları ve istekler başlığı altında toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda

öğretmenlerin, hizmet içi eğitimleri yararlı bulmadıkları, buna karşın eğitim

sistemindeki değişiklikleri duyurma açısından yararlı buldukları

belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenler mesleki çalışmalar sırasında, akademik yıla ilişkin

hazırlıkların paylaşıldığını, araştırma incelemeye yönelik etkinliklerin

yapıldığını, seminer sürelerinin kısaltılması gerektiğini ve mesleki

çalışmaların branşlara yönelik ve uzmanlar eşliğinde uygulamalı olarak

yapılması gerektiğini görüşlerinde belirtmişlerdir. Bunun yanı sıra

öğretmenlerin mesleki çalışmalarda öğrencilere ve öğretime yönelik, öğretmenin

özlük haklarına ve öğretmenlikle ilgili gelişmelere yönelik konuların yer

alması gerektiği görüşünde oldukları ve bu çalışmaların kolay ulaşılabilir,

öğretmenin bulunduğu ilde ya da sosyal tesislerde yapılmasını istedikleri

ortaya çıkmıştır.
The Social Role of Intership Programmes in Reducing Migration from a County Seat
Authors: Polonkai Eszter , Szűcs Markovics Klára
Published: February 2019

This article deals with the role of internship programmes in encouraging young graduates from higher education to stay in their home region and is based on the findings of a questionnaire survey conducted in 2017. The aim of our research was to get a close view of the intern’s motivation and of their satisfaction; futhermore, whether they would like to work for the company and thanks to that stay in the region. Survey findings show that 56 percent of the respondents feel it is important to be employed close to their home, and 80 percent of the interns would like to work in a full-time position as soon as possible and aim to stay the company after the internship programme. These results would suggest that the internship programmemes of the multinational companies help to encourage young graduates to stay in their home region.
State Aid in the Visegrad Countries: Similarities and Differences
Authors: Potvorszki Gábor
Published: February 2019

This study focuses on the characteristics of those grants that are clearly for the purpose of carrying out economic activities. By giving an overview about the very specific nature of State aid rules in the European Union determining the level playing field, a Member State can grant subsidies. The main aim of this article is to identify whether there can be significant similarities and differences across the Visegrad countries, namely the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. As we are facing the next programming period of 2021–2027 it is crucial from the point of view of what can be learned about the current period and, perhaps, what should be changed.
Comparative analysis of safety and efficacy of cefotaxime/sulbactam verses piperacillin/tazobactam combinations in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections
Authors: Makwana Sohil P. , Solanki Manish N.
Published: February 2019

Background: Complicated UTIs (cUTIs) are leading causes of the gram negative bacteraemia. The objective of this study was to compare efficacy and safety Cefotaxime/ Sulbactam (CTS) and Piperacillin/ Tazobactam (PT) combinations in complicated Urinary Tract Infections.Methods: Total 80 patients admitted in the hospital due to cUTI were enrolled. 31 patients were given CTS while 49 patients were given PT. Clinical symptoms were registered and scored as mild (1) moderate (2) or severe (3). The follow-up of were done daily till the patient is discharged. Thereafter, one follow up visit was done within 4 to 9 days of after discharge, termed as test of cure (TOC), and, one late follow up visit after 6 to 8 weeks was done, known as late follow up visit (LFU). Clinical assessments and microbiological analysis were done at the time of TOC and LFU.Results: At TOC visit, in CTS and PT groups, clinical scores were 1.25±3.47 and 0.86±2.35, respectively (p<0.005). Rate of clinical improvement at TOC visit was 92.00% and 92.68% while microbiological clearance was 84.00% and 87.80% with CTS and PT groups respectively. At LFU visit, clinical scores CTS and PT in groups were 1.30±3.56 and 1.32±3.37, respectively, suggesting significant improvement from baseline (p<0.005). Clinical cure rate at LFU visit was 88.00% and 87.80% while microbiological cure rate at LFU visit was 76.00% and 82.91% in CTS and PT groups respectively.Conclusions: Results suggest that both regimens have no significant difference for the treatment of cUTI. CTS and PT both are equally efficacious in treatment of cUTI.
How the loss in academics and research occurs by stopping animal experimentation in medical curriculum
Authors: Adhaulia Garima , Barua Shireen , Singh Divya , Jain Suchi , Fatima Sayed Shakita , Kumar Sanjay , Sachan Amod K. , Dixit Rakesh K.
Published: February 2019

Use of animals in experimentation and research has always been a topic of great debate. Some express their strong support while others are against animal research practices and want their complete abolition.1 At present, there is a pill for every ill. Rapid advancement in the field of science and technology contributed in discovering cure and medications even for the rarest of the rare diseases. Most of the present day discoveries in medical science lay their foundation on animal experimentation. The use of drugs in clinical practice have been possible only after going through successful animal studies for safety, efficacy and toxicity.
Swasth Saarthi Abhiyan for public transport drivers, filling fuel at Indraprastha gas limited stations in Delhi and National Capital Region
Authors: Vaghela Joyce Felicia , Kumar Amod , Sharma Amita , Gupta Vinita , Bannerjee Sayantan , Das Harveen
Published: February 2019

Background: A public transport driver (Saarthi) if sick thinks twice before taking a day off. The community health department (CHD) of a tertiary care hospital started a ‘Swasth Saarthi (healthy drivers) Abhiyaan’ (SSA) for the public transport drivers (PTDs) for one year. The objectives of the study were to conduct 220 health check-up camps at selected compressed natural gas (CNG) stations in Delhi and National Capital Region; to improve health awareness and early detection of diseases in drivers and getting treated at base hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out from 15th March 2017 to 14th March 2018 at 36 Indraprastha Gas Limited (IGL) stations for all public transport drivers coming to IGL stations. Health camps conducted were - general health camp at IGL stations, NCD camps at community health department and clinical camps at the base hospital.Results: A total of 408 camps were held in which 14,945 drivers came for health check-up. The PTDs with Eye problems 5981 (40%), over-weight 5315 (35.56%), tobacco/gutka chewing 4687 (31.36%), drinking 3734 (24.98%), smoking 3616 (24.20%), obesity 1655 (11%), hypertension 1433 (9.59%) and diabetes 1057 (7.07%). Health awareness was improved through health education. Surgeries for cataract 20/155 and sleep apnoea 4/122, and de-addiction drugs for 15 drivers of ‘addiction’ were started at base hospital.Conclusions: The health check-up camps under SSA revealed that a large number of public transport drivers are at risk of various health related disorders. Innovative programme like ours is good to reduce “Treatment Gap” and is a step towards achieving Universal “Health for All”.
Assessment of timely immunization in an urbanized agglomeration of East Delhi, India
Authors: Cherian Vinu , Kumar Saini Narinder , Kumar Sharma Arun
Published: February 2019

Background: The under-5 mortality rate in India has shown a decline in the last few decades. However, there is still a lot of work to be done for our country to achieve sustainable developmental goals. One of the factors contributing to child survival is immunization coverage, but high coverage does not mean timely vaccination. ‘On time’ immunization is an important yet little researched factor shielding a child from susceptibility to vaccine preventable diseases. This study aims at assessing the extent of timely immunization and predictors of intentional delay in vaccination of children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in East Delhi among caregivers having a child in the age group of 13-24 months. Sample size was calculated at 95% confidence limit and 3.5% absolute precision. The final sample size obtained was 350.Results: The percentage of fully and timely vaccinated children is 67.1%, whereas children fully vaccinated but with a delay of 4 weeks from the recommended age of administration is 19.7%. Partial vaccination was found in 11.2% of children and 2% of children were found to be not vaccinated. The most common reason for delay in immunization was pain at the time of administration leading baby cries and fear of needles (26.1%), followed by bad experience with previous vaccination (11.6%). Fear of side effects (14.5%) and being denied vaccination without card (11.6%) were other reasons.Conclusions: The immunization program should include timely completion of vaccination as a quality indicator. Delayed immunization can lead to epidemics in the community and threaten the goal of elimination of vaccine preventable diseases. Improving timeliness can be successfully achieved if the reasons for delay are taken into account.
A study to assess the newborn care practices among mothers at a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, Telangana
Authors: Pulla Anupama , . Asma , Thomas Vimala
Published: February 2019

Background: Early neonatal period (<1 week) is the crucial period in the life of an infant as the risk of death is greatest during the first 24- 48 hours after birth. In India, around 61.3% of all infant deaths occur during neonatal period (<28 days) and more than half of these deaths occur during early neonatal period. Most of these deaths can be attributed to harmful newborn care practices in relation to bathing, feeding, cord care etc. The aims and objectives of the study were to assess the newborn care practices among women who delivered in Gandhi Hospital; to assess the relationship between maternal education and newborn care practices among study population.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 200 women who delivered in Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana from March to June 2017 and a predesigned, pre tested questionnaire was used to obtain information.Results: The mean age of study population was 21.5±2.3 years. Around 61.9% of mother’s breastfed within first hour of life and 93.5% fed colostrum. Around 17% were given pre lacteal feeds like cow milk, honey, water etc. No harmful cord care practices like application of cow dung etc. were not followed.Conclusions: Majority of the study population had correct knowledge regarding newborn care practices. Although some of the traditional practices were still observed like giving pre lacteal feeds, discarding colostrum and avoidance of certain foods like pulses, meat, curd etc. by mother.
Stigmatization and discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS attending antiretroviral clinic in a centre of excellence in HIV care in India
Authors: Sarkar Trinath , Karmakar Nabarun , Dasgupta Aparajita , Saha Bibhuti
Published: February 2019

Background: HIV/AIDS is a serious challenge globally. Plethora of morbidities due to crippling immune system reduces quality of life (QOL). The advent of HAART has changed this deadly disease to a chronic manageable illness with focus shifting from fighting virus to ensuring a good QOL. Objective of the study was to assess stigma and discrimination among PLHA and factors influencing, if any in Indian setting.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 220 male aged >15 years (PLHA) attending ART centre of centre of excellence in HIV care in India (CSTM, Kolkata) from May 2012-April 2013 using a pre-designed and pre-tested schedule regarding socio-demographic characteristics and social stigma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0 and p<0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Nearly half (45%) and one-fifth (20.9%) of the study population were discriminated by the family and community respectively. Most (74.5%) of the study population had disclosed their HIV status to their family members. Maximum participants (96.4%) agreed that those who know their HIV status will tell that to others. In the multivariate model with increase in PCI the odds of score of dependant variable increases, so the odds of social stigma decrease (as increase in score means decrease in social stigma).Conclusions: The results show that factors associated with stigma should be further explored as it’s important in considering public health interventions to improve care of PLHA in India.
Awareness on standard precautions among auxiliary nurse midwives in a subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal
Authors: Mollah Azharuddin , Ray Soumalya , Shrivastava Prabha , Das Dilip Kumar
Published: February 2019

Background: Due to their occupation, health workers are always at-risk of developing life-threatening infections. “Standard precautions” acts as a protective barrier against this. There is a lack of information about awareness on standard precaution among auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs), the frontline health personnel working at Sub-centres. The aim of the study was to assess the current awareness on Standard precautions among ANMs.Methods: This descriptive study with cross-sectional design was conducted at sub centre level of Bardhaman Sadar North subdivision, Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal. In this study, conducted between September-November 2017, three blocks were chosen from the seven blocks in the subdivision through simple random sampling. All ANMs working in these blocks were approached and data were collected on background characteristics and knowledge on key elements of Standard precautions using a pre-tested and pre-designed self-administered questionnaire. Items assessing standard precaution were scored one (for correct response) and zero (for incorrect/missed response). Maximum possible score was fourteen and minimum was zero. Statistical analysis used association of acceptability of knowledge with background characteristics were assessed using bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression.Results: Median (IQR) of the score obtained was 10 (9, 12). Out of total 138 subjects, 64.5% had acceptable knowledge (score ≥10) regarding standard precautions. Participants’ age had a statistically significant association with acceptable knowledge in the bivariate analysis; however, in the final model, only training status of the participants remained significant [AOR-0.304 (0.098-0.938)].Conclusions: It emphasized the importance of regular training on Standard precautions for ANMs.
Multiple nodules accompanied by pulmonary nocardiosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kumar Mahajan Rakesh , Agarwal Saumya , Jeram Hishmi , Das Shukla
Published: February 2019

Nocardia a common saprophyte of soil is an opportunistic pathogen that may cause invasive and disseminated infections in patients with compromised immune function. Pulmonary nocardiosis is one of the common invasive infections which may pursue a perilous course in patients with underlying chronic lung disease and patients on long term steroids. Any evidence of the presence of this organism even in potentially contaminated sample like sputum deserves due cognizance because of rare occurrence of Nocardia as laboratory contaminants. Identification and institution of appropriate therapy is absolutely critical to the positive clinical outcome of this otherwise fatal infection.
Survey of mobile ad hoc networks (manets)
Authors: Kasem Mohammed Abdulghani Saif , Hamid Bilal Khalid
Published: February 2019

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is the one of the type of ad hoc network, the MANET is a collection of two or more devices or nodes or terminals with wireless communications and networking capability that communicate with each other without the aid of any centralized  administrator also the wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network to exchange information without using any existing fixed network infrastructure. And it's an autonomous system in which mobile hosts connected by wireless links are free to be dynamically and sometime act as routers at the same time, In MANET, the mobile nodes require to forward packets for each other to enable communication among nodes outside of transmission  range. The nodes in the network are free to move independently in any direction, leave and join the network arbitrarily. Thus a node experiences changes in its link states regularly with other devices. Eventually, the mobility in the ad hoc network, change of link states and other properties of  wireless transmission such as attenuation, multipath propagation, interference etc. This paper discuses   study of Mobile ad-hoc Networks (MANET): classification, characteristics, structure of  MANET  and challenges that are imposed by Mobile ad-hoc Networks.
The emergence of the publicly engaged research manager
Authors: Dunleavy Katherine , Noble Michael , Andrews Heidi
Published: February 2019

The increasing spread and rising profile of publicly engaged research in the UK has been accompanied by the emergence of a new, specialized professional services role embedded within research project teams. With this in mind, the Public Engagement Professionals in University Research
Network convened a survey and workshop in 2017 to critically examine the skills and experiences of individuals in administrative roles in such projects. This paper argues that this is a highly skilled role that blurs boundaries between academic, administrator and engagement professional, but
within higher education institutions it is often poorly understood and, therefore, undervalued and unsupported.
Development of Predictive Antioxidant Models for 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles by Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship
Authors: Alisi Ikechukwu , Uzairu Adamu , Abechi Stephen Eyije , Idris Suleiman Ola
Published: February 2019

The
free radical scavenging properties of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been explored by
the application of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) studies.
The entire data set of the oxadiazole derivatives were minimized and
subsequently optimized at the density functional theory (DFT) level in combination
with the Becke's three-parameter Lee-Yang-Parr hybrid functional (B3LYP) hybrid
functional and 6-311G* basis set. Kennard
Stone algorithm was employed in data division into training and test
sets. The training set were employed in QSAR model development by genetic
function algorithm (GFA), while the test set were used to validate the
developed models. The applicability domain of the developed model was accessed
by the leverage approach. The varation inflation factor, degree of contribution
and mean effect of each descriptor were calculated.  Quantum chemical and molecular descriptors
were generated for each molecule in the data set. Five predictive models that
met all the requirements for acceptability with good validation results were
developed. The best of the five models gave the following validation results:

,

 

,

 and c

 

,  rmsep

 . The QSAR analysis revealed that the sum of
e-state descriptors of strength for potential hydrogen bonds of path length 9 (SHBint9)
and topological radius (topoRadius) are the most crucial descriptors that influence
the free radical scavenging activities of
1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives.
Essential Oil Composition Of Two Scutellaria species from Tokat, Turkey
Authors: KÜRKÇÜOĞLU Mine , YILDIZ Gülsüm , KÖSE Yavuz Bülent
Published: February 2019

The genus Scutellaria L. (Lamiaceae) is represented in Turkey by 16 species,
1 natural hybrid, 38 taxa, 16 being endemic in Turkey (1,2).

Hydrodistilled essential oils of the aerial parts of Scutellaria
altissima L. and Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. pinnatifida Edmondson were analyzed by GC and GC-MS systems,
simultaneously.

The oil of S. altissima contained β-caryophyllene (34.7 %), caryophyll-5-en-12-al
(14.4%), linalool (14.3%) and hexadecanoic acid (7.1%) as main constituents.
The oil of S. orientalis L. subsp. pinnatifida was characterized by the
occurrence of germacrene D (56.9%), β-caryophyllene (10.5%) and
bicyclogermacrene (10.1%) as major components.

To the best of our knowledge, this is
the first report on the GC and GC/MS determination of the essential oil
composition of the S. altissima and S. orientalis subsp. pinnatifida species studied.
CHOICE OF DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS BASED ON THE INDIVIDUAL APPROACH
Authors: Efimova O. I. , Pavlova T. V.
Published: February 2019

This review article deals with the comparison of different modes of anticoagulant therapy, taking into account the risk profile and the individual characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation. This paper analyzes the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants in different clinical situations. Modifiable and unmodifiable bleeding risk factors are evaluated based on the hemorrhagic complication risk assessment scales for patients taking anticoagulants. The evidence base for anticoagulant therapy in the presence of a single episode of atrial fibrillation is represented. Regimens and terms of initiation of anticoagulant therapy after a cardioembolic stroke or transient ischemic attack are considered. In addition, great attention is paid to the problem of early prescription of anticoagulants after intracranial hemorrhage. For patients at high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or impaired renal function, an optimal strategy for reducing thromboembolic complications is evaluated. Anticoagulant therapy is also evaluated in patients with stable coronary heart disease, including after coronary stenting.
IMMUNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE INVASION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI: PROSPECTS FOR CREATING VACCINES
Authors: Uspenskiy Yu. P. , Gorbacheva I. A. , Suvorov A. N. , Galagudza M. M. , Baryshnikova N. V. , Bogdanova S. A.
Published: February 2019

In this article we wrote about main immunologic disorders in Helicobacter pylori infected patients (changes of local, cell and humoral immunity). We have our own data about changes of interleukins 1β, 4 and 8 level in cagA(+) and cagA(−) Helicobacter pylori strains infected patients: we saw that level of proinflammatory interleukin-1β and unterleukin-8 are higher and level of anti-inflammatory interleukin-4 are lower in patients infected cagA(+) strains of Helicobacter pylori. We demonstrated results of different studies about efficacy of anti-Helicobacter pylori vaccines as immunologic prophylaxis of this microorganism invasion: usage of mucosal adjuvants and usage of immunostimulating probiotics during vaccination have promising results.
Algoritmos genéticos como mecanismo para modelar interacciones genéticas utilizando información observada en distintos tiempos
Authors: J. John David , Meza-Chaves Kenneth David
Published: February 2019

Los modelos de interacción genética corresponden a grafos ponderados que se generan a partirde replicaciones de abundancia genética en distintos tiempos de observación, en donde cadaarista con peso es una probabilidad de asociación genética. Estos modelos de interaccionesson herramientas empleadas por los investigadores en biología para comprender las relacionesgenéticas. Dos algoritmos genéticos fueron desarrollados para modelar interacciones genéticasa partir de información de entrada obtenida en experimentos científicos (abundancia genética),en donde un algoritmo sigue un esquema tradicional, mientras que el otro (no tradicional) sebasa en la etapa de ‘crossover’, con la aplicación de la mutación de manera poco frecuente.Ambos algoritmos genéticos evolucionan una población actual conformada por grafos acíclicosdirigidos para producir una nueva población, en donde cada grafo representa un modeloBayesiano para una posible interacción genética. El ‘fitness’ empleado en los algoritmosgenéticos consiste en la probabilidad relativa posterior en la que un modelo Bayesiano se ajustaa las replicaciones de abundancia genética. Estas probabilidades Bayesianas son calculadasutilizando una de las tres técnicas de análisis: cotemporal, estado siguiente del primer orden yestado siguiente del segundo orden. Los modelos de interacción genética ponderados reflejanlos grafos acíclicos dirigidos y sus probabilidades presentados en la última población de cadauna de las numerosas ejecuciones independientes del algoritmo genético. Empleando un setde genes simulado, ambos algoritmos genéticos encuentran las señales que se han diseñadoy se mantienen consistentes entre paradigmas. También, se presentan modelos empleando unset de datos de la abundancia genética obtenida a partir del estudio de la planta Arabidopsisthaliana estimulada por la hormona auxina.
Adaptación del sistema QueremoSaber para comunicarse con plataforma del Gobierno de Paraguay
Authors: Elizondo-Pérez Melvin Alonso
Published: February 2019

QueremoSaber es una herramienta que facilita la solicitud de información a entidades públicasen Paraguay. En la actualidad el sistema no está siendo utilizado debido a un cambio que huboen la ley; este establece que debe existir una plataforma única y centralizada para solicitarinformación y debe encontrarse bajo el control del Estado. Es por esta razón que QueremoSabernecesita una adaptación para modificar su comportamiento e interactuar con el portal de datosabiertos proveído por el estado paraguayo. El artículo busca explicar cómo se realizó esta tarea,el proceso y los cambios necesarios para satisfacer el requerimiento, todo esto como parte deuna práctica profesional.
Revisión sistemática de los riesgos a la salud por exposición ocupacional plaguicidas en trabajadores de las plantaciones bananeras de la Región Caribe de Costa Rica de 1999 al 2014
Authors: Mata Edgar , Robles Andrés , Mishra Dr. SukhDev , Sivaperumal Dr. P.
Published: February 2019

Los plaguicidas son usados en grandes cantidades en Costa Rica, especialmente en laRegión Caribe donde se encuentran ubicadas una gran cantidad de plantaciones de banano.Se han realizado diferentes estudios en esta región del país. La siguiente investigaciónresume el escenario de la exposición ocupacional a plaguicidas en Costa Rica de acuerdocon estudios realizados durante los años 1999 al 2014. Se realizó también una comparaciónentre los efectos a la salud y los plaguicidas en las plantaciones de banano de la RegiónCaribe de Costa Rica.
Evaluation of capecitabine in patients with platinum-pretreated advanced or recurrent cervical carcinoma: a retrospective study of the IRCCS National Cancer Institute of Milan
Authors: Lepori Stefano , Fontanella Caterina , Maltese Giuseppa , Lorusso Domenica
Published: February 2019

Background Cervical cancer is underrepresented in gynecological clinical research. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the activity and safety of capecitabine in patients with platinum-pretreated recurrent cervical carcinoma.
Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective review of medical records from patients with advanced or recurrent cervical carcinoma pretreated with platinum-based therapy who received oral capecitabine at the Gynecological Units of the IRCCS National Cancer Institute of Milan (Italy). We used Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 to evaluate response to therapy and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0 to evaluate adverse events.
Results From December 2013 to April 2015, 18 patients with advanced or recurrence cervical carcinoma, already exposed to platinum, were treated with oral capecitabine 1000 or 1250 mg/m2 bid continuously from day 1-14 every 21 days. All patients had received a combination of carboplatin plus paclitaxel as first-line therapy for advanced/recurrent disease. Median age at the first capecitabine administration was 56 (range 27-82) years. After three cycles of oral capecitabine the clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 55.5% with 5.5% of complete response (CR), 27.7% of partial response (PR) and 22.3% of stable disease (SD). No grade ≥3 adverse events were reported. CBR was 85.7% in adenocarcinomas versus 36.4% in squamous cell carcinomas (p=0.04). The most frequent grade 1 or 2 adverse events were fatigue (50%), hand-foot syndrome (38.9%) and diarrhea (22.2%).
Conclusions Our study suggests that oral capecitabine should be considered an active and safe treatment in patients with platinum-pretreated advanced or recurrent cervical carcinoma.