bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Voice and Swallowing Dysfunction in Neurofibromatosis 2
Authors: Best Simon R. , Ahn Julie , Langmead Shannon , Dhillon Vaninder , Hillel Alexander T. , Akst Lee M. , Blakeley Jaishri O.
Published: November 2017

Objective

Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) is a neuro‐oncologic condition that presents with bilateral vestibular schwannomas of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Voice and swallowing impairment can occur from direct involvement or compression of the vagus nerve or as the result of surgical excision of CPA tumors. The objectives in this study are to (1) assess the prevalence of voice and swallowing impairments and (2) analyze the effects of vagal dysfunction in patients with NF2.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional.

Setting

Academic tertiary care center.

Subjects and Methods

Patients at a neurofibromatosis center were mailed Voice Handicap Index and Sydney Swallow Questionnaire surveys. Stroboscopic, voice, and swallowing evaluations were performed for patients who elected to participate in screening exams.

Results

There were high rates of self‐assessed and objective voice and swallowing handicaps in this population. Fourteen of 40 (35%) patients had a self‐assessed voice handicap, and 20 of 40 (50%) patients had a self‐assessed swallow handicap. Vocal fold motion impairment (VFMI) was observed in 22 of 31 (71%) patients examined, with 27 of 62 (44%) possible vocal cords affected. Velopharyngeal insufficiency (45%) and piriform sinus pooling or residue (39%) were seen in a significant percentage of patients. There was a significant relationship between vocal cord motion impairment and CPA surgical intervention ipsilateral to the impairment (P =. 002). The presence of VFMI was strongly associated with voice (P =. 002) and swallowing (P =. 01) impact on quality of life.

Conclusion

Speech and swallowing impairments are highly prevalent in patients with NF2, cause significant impact on quality of life, and are most commonly related to surgical interventions in the CPA region.
Management of transient ischemic attacks diagnosed by early-career general practitioners: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Davey Andrew R , Lasserson Daniel S , Levi Christopher R , Tapley Amanda , Morgan Simon , Henderson Kim , Holliday Elizabeth G , Ball Jean , van Driel Mieke L , McArthur Lawrie , Spike Neil A , Magin Parker J
Published: November 2017

Background

Transient ischemic attack incurs a risk of recurrent stroke that can be dramatically reduced by urgent guideline-recommended management at the point of first medical contact.

Aims

This study describes the prevalence and associations of new transient ischemic attack presentations to general practice registrars and the management undertaken.

Methods

A cross-sectional analysis of the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training cohort study. General practice registrars from five Australian states (urban to very remote practices) collected data on 60 consecutive patient encounters during each of their three six-month training terms. The proportion of problems managed being new transient ischemic attacks and proportion of transient ischemic attacks with guideline-recommended management were calculated. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression established associations of patient, registrar, and practice factors with a problem being a new transient ischemic attack.

Results

A total 1331 general practice registrars contributed data (response rate 95.8%). Of the 250,625 problems, there were 65 new transient ischemic attacks diagnosed (0.03% [95% confidence interval: 0.02–0.03%]). General practice registrars were more likely to seek help, generate learning goals, and spend more time for a new transient ischemic attack compared to other problems. Compliance with management guidelines was modest: 15.4% ordered brain and arterial imaging, 36.9% prescribed antiplatelet medication, and 3.1% prescribed antihypertensive medication.

Conclusions

Transient ischemic attack is a very infrequent presentation for general practice registrars, giving little clinical opportunity to reinforce training program education regarding guideline-recommended management. General practice registrars found transient ischemic attacks challenging and management was not ideal. Since most transient ischemic attacks first present to general practice and urgent management is essential, an enhanced model of care utilizing rapid access to specialist transient ischemic attack support and follow-up could improve guideline compliance.
A SMARC Effect for Loudness
Authors: Bruzzi Elena , Talamini Francesca , Priftis Konstantinos , Grassi Massimo
Published: November 2017

Various reports suggest that the pitch height of musical tones may be represented along a mental space, with lower pitch heights represented on the left or lower sectors and higher pitch heights represented on the right or upper sectors of the mental space. Given that in Western languages the loudness of tones is often addressed spatially, with loud sounds referred to as “high” and quiet sounds referred to as “low,” here we investigated whether loudness might also have a spatial representation. Participants judged whether a tone was louder or quieter than a reference tone, by pressing two keys: one at the top and the other at the bottom of a response box. Participants were faster in a situation where they pressed the key at the top to report louder sounds, and the key at the bottom to report quieter sounds, than vice versa. This result supports the view that loudness, like other types of magnitudes, might be represented spatially.
Poor glycaemic control is associated with reduced exercise performance and oxygen economy during cardio-pulmonary exercise testing in people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Moser Othmar , Eckstein Max L. , McCarthy Olivia , Deere Rachel , Bain Stephen C. , Haahr Hanne L. , Zijlstra Eric , Bracken Richard M.
Published: November 2017

Background

To explore the impact of glycaemic control (HbA1c) on functional capacity during cardio-pulmonary exercise testing in people with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

Sixty-four individuals with type 1 diabetes (age: 34 ± 8 years; 13 females, HbA1c: 7.8 ± 1% (62 ± 13 mmol/mol), duration of diabetes: 17 ± 9 years) performed a cardio-pulmonary cycle ergometer exercise test until volitional exhaustion. Stepwise linear regression was used to explore relationships between HbA1c and cardio-respiratory data with p ≤ 0.05. Furthermore, participants were divided into quartiles based on HbA1c levels and cardio-respiratory data were analysed by one-way ANOVA. Multiple regression analysis was performed to explore the relationships between changes in time to exhaustion and cardio-respiratory data. Data were adjusted for confounder.

Results

HbA1c was related to time to exhaustion and oxygen consumption at the power output elicited at the sub-maximal threshold of the heart rate turn point (r = 0.47, R2 = 0.22, p = 0.03). Significant differences were found at time to exhaustion between QI vs. QIV and at oxygen consumption at the power output elicited at the heart rate turn point between QI vs. QII and QI vs. QIV (p < 0.05). Changes in oxygen uptake, power output and in oxygen consumption at the power output elicited at the heart rate turn point and at maximum power output explained 55% of the variance in time to exhaustion (r = 0.74, R2 = 0.55, p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Poor glycaemic control is related to less economical use of oxygen at sub-maximal work rates and an earlier time to exhaustion during cardio-pulmonary exercise testing. However, exercise training could have the same potential to counteract the influence of poor glycaemic control on functional capacity.

Trial registration NCT01704417. Date of registration: October 11, 2012
Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy on Health-Related Quality of Life in Esophageal or Junctional Cancer: Results From the Randomized CROSS Trial
Authors: Noordman Bo Jan , Verdam Mathilde G.E. , Lagarde Sjoerd M. , Hulshof Maarten C.C.M. , van Hagen Pieter , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I. , Wijnhoven Bas P.L. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W.M. , Nieuwenhuijzen Grard A.P. , Hospers Geke A.P. , Bonenkamp Johannes J. , Cuesta Miguel A. , Blaisse Reinoud J.B. , Busch Olivier R. , ten Kate Fiebo J.W. , Creemers Geert-Jan M. , Punt Cornelis J.A. , Plukker John Th.M. , Verheul Henk M.W. , Spillenaar Bilgen Ernst J. , van Dekken Herman , van der Sangen Maurice J.C. , Rozema Tom , Biermann Katharina , Beukema Jannet C. , Piet Anna H.M. , van Rij Caroline M. , Reinders Janny G. , Tilanus Hugo W. , Steyerberg Ewout W. , van der Gaast Ate , Sprangers Mirjam A.G. , van Lanschot J. Jan B.
Published: November 2017

Purpose

To compare pre-agreed health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains in patients with esophageal or junctional cancer who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery or surgery alone. Secondary aims were to examine the effect of nCRT on HRQOL before surgery and the effect of surgery on HRQOL.

Patients and Methods

Patients were randomly assigned to nCRT (carboplatin plus paclitaxel with concurrent 41.4-Gy radiotherapy) followed by surgery or surgery alone. HRQOL was measured using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire–Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and –Oesophageal Cancer Module (QLQ-OES24) questionnaires pretreatment and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively. The nCRT group also received preoperative questionnaires. Physical functioning (PF; QLQ-C30) and eating problems (EA; QLQ-OES24) were chosen as predefined primary end points. Predefined secondary end points were global QOL (GQOL; QLQ-C30), fatigue (FA; QLQ-C30), and emotional problems (EM; QLQ-OES24).

Results

A total of 363 patients were analyzed. No statistically significant differences in postoperative HRQOL were found between treatment groups. In the nCRT group, PF, EA, GQOL, FA, and EM scores deteriorated 1 week after nCRT (Cohen’s d: −0.93, P < .001; 0.47, P < .001; −0.84, P < .001; 1.45, P < .001; and 0.32, P = .001, respectively). In both treatment groups, all end points declined 3 months postoperatively compared with baseline (Cohen’s d: −1.00, 0.33, −0.47, −0.34, and 0.33, respectively; all P < .001), followed by a continuous gradual improvement. EA, GQOL, and EM were restored to baseline levels during follow-up, whereas PF and FA remained impaired 1 year postoperatively (Cohen’s d: 0.52 and −0.53, respectively; both P < .001).

Conclusion

Although HRQOL declined during nCRT, no effect of nCRT was apparent on postoperative HRQOL compared with surgery alone. In addition to the improvement in survival, these findings support the view that nCRT according to the Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study–regimen can be regarded as a standard of care.
Immigrant Families' Perceptions of Fostering Their Preschoolers' Foundational Skills for Self-Determination
Authors: Haines Shana J. , Summers Jean Ann , Palmer Susan B. , Stroup-Rentier Vera L. , Chu Szu-Yin
Published: November 2017

Supporting the development of students' self-determination, or ability to act volitionally in order to be the primary causal agent in one's life, is one way to increase students' success in inclusive educational environments. The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes of immigrant families toward the concepts of self-determination and, in particular, the skills that young children with disabilities may need as a foundation for future self-determination. In this qualitative interview study, we examined 10 immigrant families' perceptions of the importance of fostering their preschool children's development of foundational skills leading to later self-determination (i.e., choice-making, engagement, and self-regulation), their roles in doing so, and factors that affected their intentional fostering of these skills. Findings showed that participants valued fostering these skills in general but espoused a variety of perceptions of their roles in doing so. Factors affecting families' intentional fostering of these skills included stress related to finances, social isolation, parenting style, family systems, school and home incongruence, and a desire to protect children. Implications for inclusive practice and research are discussed.
Exhumation of pearls: A schematized drawing and its unconscious depth
Authors: Croft Michael
Published: November 2017

The article presents and discusses a portrait by the author of his mother. This appears as a young woman of the 1950s who is wearing a string of pearls. The portrait, however, is first a motif that has enabled the development of a Harris Matrix: a method of recording the results of archaeological excavations stratigraphically. This idea has resulted in the drawing’s elusive depth being transposed as cross-sectional bars of actual physical depth. Relative depths of sections of the drawing have been determined by the lengths of time involved in their manufacture. The article contains an explanation of how a matrix can be constructed from these circumstances and provides a likely visual example. The second section of the article explores a personal narrative concerning the portrait, and speculates on possible psychodynamic unconscious motives. A key concept is that of jouissance as theorized by Jacques Lacan. This concept links the author’s tendency to enjoy a rational problematic approach to drawing, as evidenced in the use of the Harris Matrix, and investigation of more psychical questions of such enjoyment’s origin. Finally, a more literal linking metaphor is to have unearthed from the portrait the figure’s pearl necklace, which had become obscured by the cross-sectional bars of depth.
From drawing to silver: Translating sixteenth-century designs
Authors: Niederman Samantha
Published: November 2017

This article examines the relationship between drawing and design for sixteenth-century silver objects as a process of translation from two-dimensional objects into complex three-dimensional forms. The works of Albrecht Dürer and Wenzel Jamnitzer will serve as protagonists, since Dürer was particularly known for his masterful skills in drawing, while Jamnitzer excelled in both drawing and goldsmithing. Drawing as an artistic endeavour has been overshadowed in the literature of the goldsmithing process, despite its significant value to sixteenth-century metalworkers. Drawn designs of sixteenth-century objects such as those by Dürer were collected as prized possessions, but many were also discarded or re-worked as fashions changed throughout the centuries. Drawings for silver objects by both Dürer and Jamnitzer epitomize the meaningful role of this medium on the craft of goldsmithing.
Talking the line: Inclusive strategies for the teaching of drawing
Authors: Rankin Qona , Riley Howard , Brunswick Nicola , McManus Chris , Chamberlain Rebecca
Published: November 2017

This paper reports on a series of drawing workshops held at the Royal College of Art (RCA), London, which tested an original pedagogical strategy designed to help dyslexic and/or dyspraxic art and design students who had reported difficulties with their abilities to make accurate representational drawings. A group of non-dyslexic/dyspraxic RCA students volunteered as control group, and both cohorts completed three days of workshops in the Drawing Studio of the RCA. Results of recorded interviews eliciting student observations as they drew, and a questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale, administered before and after the workshop, indicate positive shifts in both cohorts’ attitudes towards specific aspects of the stages involved in the production of accurate representational drawings of still-life set-ups, the human skeleton and the clothed life-model. Assessment of the drawings produced indicates positive shifts in the two cohorts in geometric accuracy and other qualitative criteria embedded in the teaching strategy such as control of scale, proportion and illusions of depth. Both cohorts displayed similar positive attitude shifts and both sets of drawings indicated similar positive shifts in visual qualities. An interim conclusion posits that the pedagogical strategy appears to enhance the abilities of both dyslexic/dyspraxic students and non-dyslexic/dyspraxic students to make accurate representational drawings. This result correlates closely with the findings of an earlier, prototype workshop held at the RCA in July 2012. It is suggested that similar pedagogically inclusive strategies might produce positive results in the context of secondary schools as part of a more inclusive curriculum.
DESENVOLVIMENTO E AVALIAÇÃO SENSORIAL DE IOGURTE COM SEMENTES DE CHIA
Authors: Santos Melina Vilela dos , Cruz Richtier Gonçalves da , Almeida Martha Elisa Ferreira
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e avaliar a aceitação sensorial de formulações de iogurte com sementes de chia. Após a elaboração das formulações (A - controle, B - iogurte adicionado de 2% de sementes de chia, C - iogurte adicionado de 3% de sementes de chia) realizou-se análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas. Utilizou-se escalas hedônicas para verificar a aceitação e a intenção de compra das formulações elaboradas, bem como o Índice de Aceitabilidade. Os dados dos testes de aceitação e intenção de compra foram avaliados por meio de Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e, posteriormente, aplicou-se Teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. As formulações de iogurte estavam dentro dos padrões exigidos pela Legislação Brasileira quanto às análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas. Não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre as 3 formulações de iogurte para os atributos sabor, textura e impressão global. Entretanto, quanto ao atributo aparência, a formulação com 3% de sementes de chia (C) foi menos apreciada (p < 0,05) que a formulação controle (A). As formulações com sementes de chia (B e C) tiveram uma boa aceitação sensorial pelos avaliadores e o atributo sabor foi o de maior destaque. Dentre as formulações com sementes de chia, a formulação B apresentou o melhor Índice de Aceitabilidade. Não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) quanto à média das notas na intenção de compra para as 3 formulações de iogurte. Conclui-se que as formulações de iogurtes com sementes de chia apresentaram-se adequadas quanto aos parâmetros microbiológicos e físico-químicos ao longo do período de armazenamento, além de obter uma boa aceitação sensorial, apresentando-se como uma alternativa láctea mais saudável para os consumidores.
Variability in pottery firing technology: choice or technical development?
Authors: Guo Meng
Published: November 2017

It was generally considered that it is a technological advancement from bonfire firing to kiln firing. In fact, both of the firing methods possess certain advantages as well as disadvantages. To a specific community, firing technique is a technological choice rather than an outcome of technological development. The technological choices should correspond to the local environments, social contexts, and cultural traditions. Bonfire firing evidences are found in northern and southern China. However, issues of the specific bonfire firing technology as well as the relationship between bonfire firing and kiln firing in both regions need further studies.
Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Flaxseed Gum and Study of Nonlinear Rheological Properties of Its Solutions
Authors: Niu Jin-lei , Li Dong , Wang Li-jun , Adhikari Benu , Chen Xiao Dong
Published: November 2017

Flaxseed gum (FG) was carboxymethylated by reacting it with monochloroacetic acid (MCA). The effects of concentrations of NaOH and MCA, reaction temperature and reaction time, on the degree of substitution (DS) were investigated. Reaction between the FG and MCA at NaOH and MCA concentrations of 0.06 g/mL and 0.08 g/mL, respectively, at 70 °C for 60 min produced carboxymethyl flaxseed gum (CMFG) with a DS of 0.969. Carboxymethylation of FG increased its solubility and light transmittance in water. The nonlinear rheological properties of CMFG solutions were studied using large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) tests, Fourier transform (FT) rheology and Chebyshev stress decomposition methods. The different nonlinear rheological behaviors observed were related to the microstructures of the CMFG solutions as a function of concentration and DS.
Reparative Substitution and the ‘Efficacy Objection’: Toward a Modified Satisfaction Theory of Atonement
Authors: Farris Joshua R. , Hamilton S. Mark
Published: November 2017

The doctrine of the atonement is a subject of perpetual curiosity for a number of contemporary theologians. The penal substitution theory of atonement in particular has precipitated a great deal of recent interest, being held up by many (mostly evangelical) Protestants as ‘the’ doctrine of atonement. In this essay, we make a defense against the objection to the Anselmian theory of atonement that is often leveled against it by exponents of the Penal Substitution theory, namely, that Christ’s work does not accomplish anything for those whom it appears he undertakes his atoning work, but merely makes provision for salvation.
Ivano-Frankivsk City Groundwater Landscapes Ecological State
Authors: Vasyl Gutsuleak , Nataliia Fomenko
Published: November 2017

Ecological state of groundwater used as a source of potable water in urban areas of the city of Ivano-Frankivsk and its satellites is dealt with. Groundwater is assessed as a ratio between the content of pollutants and the relevant hygiene standards. Environmental assessment grounded on the materials of chemical analysis (74 samples) compared to maximum allowable concentrations and background values. Calculations of the value of hazard and the intensity of pollutions were the methods of ecological and geochemical evaluation of groundwater contamination. Based on calculation results, geochemical maps were compiled depicting satisfactory, hazardous and critical degrees of hydro-ecological situation. Developed maps can serve for the purposes of further geochemical monitoring of ecological situation.
Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired
Authors: Olszewska Anita , Jackowiak Anna , Chwałczyńska Agnieszka , Sobiech Krzysztof A.
Published: November 2017

Introduction

The aim of the study was to determine how physical activity affected the physical fitness and body composition of the blind and visually impaired.

Methods

The study included 28 male students from the Lower Silesia Special Educational Centre No. 13 for the Blind and Visually Impaired in Wroclaw, aged 18–22 years, with disability degree certificates. The subjects were divided into two groups: physically active men (TR, n = 15) and physically inactive men (NTR, n = 13). The researchers assessed the physical activity levels in both groups with the Physical Fitness Testing of the Disabled (project Unique) battery, and the general and segmental body composition using a body composition analyser (BC-418MA).

Results

Men engaging in additional forms of physical activity presented significant (p < 0.005) changes in most trials evaluating physical fitness, and there were also significant (p < 0.005) differences in body composition between active male respondents and those not involved in extracurricular exercise.

Conclusions

Additional physical activity undertaken by the visually impaired has a positive effect on their physical fitness, namely and primarily on their flexibility, functional strength, speed, arm movement speed, jumping ability, and the strength of the abdominal muscles. Moreover, additional physical activity significantly affects the overall and segmental body composition in the lower limbs and the right upper limb.
Ultrasonic Defect Detection of Structural Plates Using Quasi-Rayleigh Waves
Authors: Hlavatý Michal , Starek Ladislav , Musil Miloš , Hučko Branislav
Published: November 2017

This article discusses the application of so-called ultrasonic quasi-Rayleigh waves to detect surface defects of mechanical constructions, namely plate structures. The application of quasi-Rayleigh waves allows the extension of the scope of detection using conventional ultrasonic methods that are based on bulk waves. This extension means larger distances as well as higher sensitivity of the detection of surface defects such as fatigue or corrosion cracks. An advantage of this method is the transfer of wave energy from one side of a plate to another, which helps to overcome one-sided obstacles (such as cross-pieces, reinforcement elements). The article describes characteristic properties of quasi-Rayleigh waves that are important for the proper (in terms of frequency in particular) design of the excitation of waves towards the structure. FEM simulation results then provide information regarding the sensitivity of the wave response to the presence and sizes of surface defects (perpendicular slots) in an isotropic material with the properties of steel. The theoretical knowledge is set against experimental measurements obtained with the use of a steel plate with cross-pieces welded to it.
Identification of Fatigue Cracks on the Basis of Measurable Changes in System Dynamics
Authors: Owsiński Robert , Niesłony Adam
Published: November 2017

In order to obtain correct experimental results, fatigue strength tests carried out on the basis of a measurement setup using dynamic excitation generated by inertial force require test completion criterion to be specified. The paper presents the method applied to identify damage on the basis of an analysis of changes in registered acceleration amplitudes based on experimental studies, and an analysis of image of obtained fatigue fractures.
Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Performance of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Waste Plastic Oil / Diesel Blends
Authors: Punitharani K. , Parameshwaran V.
Published: November 2017

NOx emission is one of the major sources for health issues, acid rain and global warming. Diesel engine vehicles are the major sources for NOx emissions. Hence there is a need to reduce the emissions from the engines by identifying suitable techniques or by means of alternate fuels. The present investigation deals with the effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) on 4S, single cylinder, DI diesel engine using plastic oil/Diesel blends P10 (10% plastic oil & 90% diesel in volume), P20 and P30 at various EGR rates. Plastic oil blends were able to operate in diesel engines without any modifications and the results showed that P20 blend had the least NOx emission quantity.
Proposed Robot Scheme with 5 DoF and Dynamic Modelling Using Maple Software
Authors: Shala Ahmet , Bruçi Mirlind
Published: November 2017

In this paper is represented Dynamical Modelling of robots which is commonly first important step of Modelling, Analysis and Control of robotic systems. This paper is focused on using Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) convention for kinematics and Newton-Euler Formulations for dynamic modelling of 5 DoF - Degree of Freedom of 3D robot. The process of deriving of dynamical model is done using Software Maple. Derived Dynamical Model of 5 DoF robot is converted for Matlab use for future analysis, control and simulations.
Does Trade Openness has Noteworthy effect on Bilateral Trade Flows of E.C.O. Countries; an Empirical Investigation
Authors: Gulzar Ali
Published: November 2017

This study empirically investigated the effect of trade liberalization on the bilateral trade flows of 2ECO (Pakistan, Turkey and Iran) countries using annual time series data for the period of 1980-2016. The study applied unit root test, bound testing approach and ARDL regression analysis technique to empirically examine the role and impact of trade openness on bilateral trade flows of ECO countries. The empirical results found long-run positive and significant effect of trade openness on bilateral trade flows of ECO countries. Further, the study concluded that trade openness playing an important role in exports as well as in fulfilling the requirements by imports. The findings of the study might provide significant guidelines to policy makers to initiate rules and regulations for the improvement in international trade that might help in attainment of sustainable foreign exchange reserves and economic growth of ECO countries.
On Generalization of the 𝒯AI

-Density Topology
Authors: Krzeszowiec Alicja , Wojdowski Wojciech
Published: November 2017

We present a further generalization of the 𝒯AI

-density topology introduced in [W. Wojdowski, A category analogue of the generalization of Lebesgue density topology, Tatra Mt. Math. Publ. 42 (2009), 11–25] as a generalization of the I-density topology. We construct an ascending sequence {𝒯
A

I(n)
}
n

∈ℕ of density topologies which leads to the 𝒯
A

I(ω)
-density topology including all previous topologies. We examine several basic properties of the topologies.
Seasonal Repeated Sprint Ability With Change of Direction Variations in U17 and U20 Elite Brazilian Soccer Players: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jorge Gustavo , Garrafoli Marcelo T. , Cal Abad Cesar C.
Published: November 2017

Jorge, G, Garrafoli, MT, and Cal Abad, CC. Seasonal repeated sprint ability with change of direction variations in U17 and U20 elite Brazilian soccer players: a comparative study.J Strength Cond Res34(5): 1431–1439, 2020—This study aimed to describe seasonal variations of repeated sprint with change-of-direction ability in young elite Brazilian soccer players. The Bangsbo sprint test (BST) was performed by 21 under-17 (U17) (176.9 cm; 68.2 kg) and 22 under-20 (U20) athletes (178.7 cm, 74.4 kg) at the start, middle, and end of the season. The fatigue index (FI) was calculated in seconds and in percentage of decrease (%D) for comparisons. Both age categories showed higher BST performance in the middle and end compared with the start of the season (p≤ 0.05). The U20 players performed better at the start than the U17 players. The U17 soccer players showed higher FI at the start and in the middle in comparison with the U20 players (p≤ 0.05). They also showed lower FI at the end of the season in comparison with the start and middle of the season (p≤ 0.05). The U20 players showed significant reductions in the FI in the middle and at the end in comparison with the start of the season (p≤ 0.05). Only the U17 soccer players showed lower %D at the end in comparison with the start of the season (p≤ 0.05). To summarize, both U17 and U20 players performed BST poorly at the start, increased the BST performance until the middle, and maintained the BST performance until the end of the season. A difference in the magnitude of enhancement was observed between U17 and U20 soccer players, which was found to be dependent on the initial values. Finally, the mathematical model to calculate the FI requires caution.
Soccer-Specific Reactive Repeated-Sprint Ability in Elite Youth Soccer Players: Maturation Trends and Association With Various Physical Performance Tests
Authors: Di Mascio Michele , Ade Jack , Musham Craig , Girard Olivier , Bradley Paul S.
Published: November 2017

Di Mascio, M, Ade, J, Musham, C, Girard, O, and Bradley, PS. Soccer-specific reactive repeated-sprint ability in elite youth soccer players: maturation trends and association with various physical performance tests.J Strength Cond Res34(12): 3538–3545, 2020—Repeated-sprint ability is an important physical prerequisite for competitive soccer and deviates for players in various stages of growth and development. Thus, this study investigated reactive repeated-sprint ability in elite youth soccer players in relation to maturation (age at peak height velocity) and its association with performance of other physical tests. Elite male youth players from an English Premier League academy (U12,n= 8; U13,n= 11; U14,n= 15; U15,n= 6; U16,n= 10; and U18,n= 13) completed the reactive repeated-sprint test (RRST; 8 × 30-m sprints with 30-second active recovery), and other physical tests including the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2), arrowhead agility test, countermovement jump test with arms (CMJA), in addition to 10- and 20-m straight-line sprints. Reactive repeated-sprint test (RRST) performance (total time across 8 sprints) progressively improved from U12 to U16 (p< 0.01; effect size [ES]: 1.0–1.9), yet with no differences found between U16 and U18. No between-group differences in RRST performance were evident after accounting for age at peak height velocity (p> 0.05; ES: <0.3). Correlation magnitudes between performance on the RRST and other tests were trivial to moderate for the Yo-Yo IR2 (r= −0.15 to 0.42), moderate to very large for the arrowhead agility test (r= 0.48–0.90), moderate to large for CMJA (r= −0.43 to 0.66), and trivial to large for 10- and 20-m sprints (r= 0.05–0.61). The RRST was sensitive at tracking maturation trends in elite youth players, although performance improvements were not as marked from 15 to 16 years of age. RRST performance correlates with several physical qualities decisive for competitive soccer (agility, speed, power, and aerobic endurance).
Participatory Mapping in Browns Canyon National Monument, Colorado (USA)
Authors: Harner John , Cerveny Lee , Gronewold Rebecca
Published: November 2017

Natural resource managers need up-to-date information about how people interact with public lands and the meanings these places hold for use in planning and decision-making. This case study explains the use of public participatory Geographic Information System (GIS) to generate and analyze spatial patterns of the uses and values people hold for the Browns Canyon National Monument in Colorado. Participants drew on maps and answered questions at both live community meetings and online sessions to develop a series of maps showing detailed responses to different types of resource uses and landscape values. Results can be disaggregated by interaction types, different meaningful values, respondent characteristics, seasonality, or frequency of visit. The study was a test for the Bureau of Land Management and US Forest Service, who jointly manage the monument as they prepare their land management plan. If the information generated is as helpful throughout the entire planning process as initial responses seem, this protocol could become a component of the Bureau’s planning tool kit.
Osnovna terminologija za potrebe arheologije broda
Authors: Irena Radić Rossi
Published: November 2017

Arheologija broda znanstvena je disciplina koja putem materijalnih ostataka, te pisanih, ikonografskih i etnografskih izvora proučava sve tipove brodova prošlih vremena. Zdenko Brusić, pionir podvodne arheologije u Hrvatskoj, započeo je intenzivan rad u podmorju šezdesetih godina prošloga stoljeća, u više navrata istražujući ostatke starih brodova. Sukladno suvremenoj metodologiji, u novije vrijeme pokazalo se kako je standardiziranje terminologije koja se koristi prilikom istraživanja prošlosti drvene brodogradnji neophodno za sustavno iznošenje rezultata istraživačkog rada, te poticanje znanstvene rasprave. U vrijeme dok je na Fakultetu strojarstva i brodogradnje Sveučilišta u Zagrebu još postojao predmet Drvena brodogradnja, Teodor Bernardi napisao je udžbenik Konstrukcija drvenih brodova, koji je u ovome radu, u nešto izmijenjenom obliku, poslužio kao osnova za pripremanje osnovnog pojmovnika. Taj pokušaj rezultat je sve intenzivnijih istraživanja ostataka drvenih brodova u hrvatskom podmorju, koja nužno dovode do potrebe izvještavanja i objave rezultata na hrvatskom jeziku.
A Single Residue Mutation in the Gαq Subunit of the G Protein Complex Causes Blindness in Drosophila
Authors: Cao Jinguo , Bollepalli Murali K , Hu Yuhui , Zhang Jin , Li Qiang , Li Hongmei , Chang Hua , Xiao Feng , Hardie Roger C , Rong Yikang S , Hu Wen
Published: November 2017

Heterotrimeric G proteins play central roles in many signaling pathways, including the phototransduction cascade in animals. However, the degree of involvement of the G protein subunit Gαq is not clear since animals with previously reported strong loss-of-function mutations remain responsive to light stimuli. We recovered a new allele of Gαq in Drosophila that abolishes light response in a conventional electroretinogram assay, and reduces sensitivity in whole-cell recordings of dissociated cells by at least five orders of magnitude. In addition, mutant eyes demonstrate a rapid rate of degeneration in the presence of light. Our new allele is likely the strongest hypomorph described to date. Interestingly, the mutant protein is produced in the eyes but carries a single amino acid change of a conserved hydrophobic residue that has been assigned to the interface of interaction between Gαq and its downstream effector, PLC. Our study has thus uncovered possibly the first point mutation that specifically affects this interaction in vivo.
Identification of Isthmin 1 as a Novel Clefting and Craniofacial Patterning Gene in Humans
Authors: Lansdon Lisa A , Darbro Benjamin W , Petrin Aline L , Hulstrand Alissa M , Standley Jennifer M , Brouillette Rachel B , Long Abby , Mansilla M Adela , Cornell Robert A , Murray Jeffrey C , Houston Douglas W , Manak J Robert
Published: November 2017

Orofacial clefts are one of the most common birth defects, affecting 1–2 per 1000 births, and have a complex etiology. High-resolution array-based comparative genomic hybridization has increased the ability to detect copy number variants (CNVs) that can be causative for complex diseases such as cleft lip and/or palate. Utilizing this technique on 97 nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate cases and 43 cases with cleft palate only, we identified a heterozygous deletion of Isthmin 1 in one affected case, as well as a deletion in a second case that removes putative 3′ regulatory information. Isthmin 1 is a strong candidate for clefting, as it is expressed in orofacial structures derived from the first branchial arch and is also in the same “synexpression group” as fibroblast growth factor 8 and sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 1a and 2, all of which have been associated with clefting. CNVs affecting Isthmin 1 are exceedingly rare in control populations, and Isthmin 1 scores as a likely haploinsufficiency locus. Confirming its role in craniofacial development, knockdown or clustered randomly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9-generated mutation of isthmin 1 in Xenopus laevis resulted in mild to severe craniofacial dysmorphologies, with several individuals presenting with median clefts. Moreover, knockdown of isthmin 1 produced decreased expression of LIM homeobox 8, itself a gene associated with clefting, in regions of the face that pattern the maxilla. Our study demonstrates a successful pipeline from CNV identification of a candidate gene to functional validation in a vertebrate model system, and reveals Isthmin 1 as both a new human clefting locus as well as a key craniofacial patterning gene.
Sgs1 Binding to Rad51 Stimulates Homology-Directed DNA Repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Campos-Doerfler Lillian , Syed Salahuddin , Schmidt Kristina H
Published: November 2017

Accurate repair of DNA breaks is essential to maintain genome integrity and cellular fitness. Sgs1, the sole member of the RecQ family of DNA helicases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is important for both early and late stages of homology-dependent repair. Its large number of physical and genetic interactions with DNA recombination, repair, and replication factors has established Sgs1 as a key player in the maintenance of genome integrity. To determine the significance of Sgs1 binding to the strand-exchange factor Rad51, we have identified a single amino acid change at the C-terminal of the helicase core of Sgs1 that disrupts Rad51 binding. In contrast to an SGS1 deletion or a helicase-defective sgs1 allele, this new separation-of-function allele, sgs1-FD, does not cause DNA damage hypersensitivity or genome instability, but exhibits negative and positive genetic interactions with sae2Δ, mre11Δ, exo1Δ, srs2Δ, rrm3Δ, and pol32Δ that are distinct from those of known sgs1 mutants. Our findings suggest that the Sgs1-Rad51 interaction stimulates homologous recombination (HR). However, unlike sgs1 mutations, which impair the resection of DNA double-strand ends, negative genetic interactions of the sgs1-FD allele are not suppressed by YKU70 deletion. We propose that the Sgs1-Rad51 interaction stimulates HR by facilitating the formation of the presynaptic Rad51 filament, possibly by Sgs1 competing with single-stranded DNA for replication protein A binding during resection.
Constantius II und die Bürgerkriege in Pannonien (350–351 n.Chr.)
Authors: Kovács Péter
Published: November 2017

In his paper the author deals with the Pannonian events of the civilian wars under Constantius II’s reign against Vetranio and Magnentius in the years 350 and 351. Based on all written and epigraphic sources (especially Julian’s and Libanius’ orations and Zosimus’ accounts), he intends to reconstruct the events and Magnentius’ route in the province before and after the battle at Cibalae. All sources can be found in the Addendum in chronological order.
Personalidade autoritária e pesquisa empírica com a Escala F: alguns estudos brasileiros
Authors: Crochik José Leon
Published: November 2017

Prossegue-se neste texto a análise da relação presente no estudo de Adorno et al. (1950) entre tendências de personalidade, ideologia e preconceito. Para isso, são expostos dados de pesquisas com universitários com a Escala F e é apresentada sua relação com outras escalas criadas a partir de questões geradas naquele estudo: Escalas de Ideologia da Racionalidade Tecnológica, Traços Narcisistas de Personalidade e Manifestações de Preconceito Moral e contra Pessoas com Deficiência. Verificou-se, por meio dessas pesquisas que: a) a Escala F continua fidedigna e válida para nossos dias; b) traços do sadomasoquismo têm correlação com a adesão à ideologia da racionalidade tecnológica, com o narcisismo e com os dois tipos de preconceito considerados; c) as medidas de personalidade antidemocrática, narcisismo e da adesão a uma forma de pensar formal e sistemática estão correlacionadas com as duas formas de preconceito estudadas, mas características de personalidade autoritária estão mais relacionadas com o preconceito moral do que contra pessoas com deficiência, ocorrendo o oposto com as características de personalidades narcisistas. Conclui-se que o sadomasoquismo ainda exerce papel acentuado na constituição de preconceitos e que as necessidades psíquicas subjacentes a esses preconceitos podem ser distintas, necessitando de formas diversas para serem combatidos.
Aceleração: reflexões sobre o tempo na cultura digital
Authors: Maia Ari Fernando
Published: November 2017

A obra de Harmut Rosa apresenta um conjunto de conceitos que permitem analisar as formas sociais de organização temporal. No centro desse arcabouço conceitual se encontra a ideia de aceleração. Ao colocar a aceleração no centro da discussão sobre a temporalidade na sociedade contemporânea, Rosa deslinda uma série de processos sociais importantes para uma crítica radical da sociedade atual, trazendo para primeiro plano contradições e dessincronizações que resultam de imperativos temporais sistêmicos pouco discutidos e conceituados. Seu diagnóstico aponta para a existência de um déficit ético e político em cujo cerne se encontram imperativos temporais que impossibilitam tanto o debate político como a formação de uma experiência ética do sujeito sobre si mesmo e sobre a sociedade. A partir dos conceitos de Rosa procuramos discutir temas como: a afirmação falaciosa de que a cultura digital é um meio propício à emancipação dos sujeitos que dela se valem, as dificuldades de promover um debate ético e político atualmente e a necessidade de trazer a dimensão temporal para a linha de frente da discussão acadêmica, procurando atualizar temas caros à Teoria Crítica da Sociedade.
Dynamic splitting tensile test of hybrid-fiber-reinforced reactive powder concrete
Authors: Cao Shaojun , Hou Xiaomeng , Rong Qin , Li Gang
Published: November 2017

In order to investigate the dynamic splitting tensile strength of reactive powder concrete (RPC) under high strain rates, split Hopkinson pressure bar experiments are conducted on hybrid-fiber-reinforced (2% steel fiber and 0·2% polypropylene fiber) RPC. The results show that the dynamic splitting tensile strength of RPC increases with an increase in nominal strain rate from 100 to 350 s−1. The splitting tensile strength dynamic increasing factor (SDIF) of RPC is lower than that of ordinary concrete with the same compressive strength. This is mainly because the compactness of RPC is higher than that of normal concrete. Further, considering that it is not safe to apply the calculation method of SDIF to RPC in the European code Comité Européen du Béton, empirical relations of SDIF and strain rate for RPC with hybrid fibers are proposed. The proposed SDIF–strain rate relations for RPC can be used to computer programs for evaluating the dynamic response of RPC structures.
Evaluation of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients with echocardiographic myocardial videodensitometry normalized by displacement
Authors: Zheng Xiao-Zhi , Du Lian-Fang , Wang Hui-Ping
Published: November 2017

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To investigate the feasibility of the myocardial grayscale intensity (GI) normalized by displacement (d) to discriminate between healthy and hypertrophic myocardium in hypertensive patients, sixty hypertensive patients and sixty age and sex-matched healthy volunteers were involved in this study. The peak d and the maximal GI [GI(max)] and minimal GI [GI(min)] for the middle interventricular septal (IVS) and the middle posterior wall (PW) at the level of papillary muscle were obtained from the standard parasternal long axis views using tissue tracking (TT) and videodensitometric analysis, respectively. The GI and the cyclic variation of GI (CVGI) normalized by d were calculated. The results showed that the d both for IVS and PW the amplitude of CVGI for IVS in hypertensive patients with LVH were smaller than the ones without LVH and the normal subjects. But, the CVGI/d both for IVS and PW in hypertensive patients with LVH were all greater than the ones without LVH and the normal subjects. Moreover, the parameter, CVGI/d correlated positively with left ventricular mass index (LVMI). So, the method employed in this study, videodensitometric analysis in combination with TT allow objective and accurate determination of LVH and CVGI/d is a sensitive indicator for hypertensive patients with LVH.
Smoking status in parents of children hospitalized with a diagnosis of respiratory system disorders
Authors: Cinar Nursan , Dede Cemile , Cevahir Reyhan , Sevimli Döndü
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the statuses of hospitalized children with diagnosis of respiratory tract disease with cigarette use in the parents. This descriptive study was conducted in a Gowerment Hospital in the Sakarya city center in Turkey between June 2007 and June 2008. The inclusion criterion was willingness of families with children hospitalized due to diagnosis of respiratory disease to particípate in the study. Data were collected from 345 parents using the questionnaire prepared by researchers. In our study parental smoking was observed in 42.3% of fathers, 7.8% mothers and for 20.9% both parents were smoking. It was found that the hospitalization rates were more than two times higher in children diagnosed with pneumonia and bronchitis and three times higher in children hospitalized for asthma whose parents smoke at home compared to those whose parents are non-smokers. Health care professionals who take care of children need to discuss the harmful effects of smoking and the importance of reducing childhood exposure to secondhand smoke; parents should be educated and encouraged not to smoke.