bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone Derivatives Interact with DNA and Bind to Plasma Proteins—Spectroscopic and In Silico Studies
Authors: Kotynia Aleksandra , Krzyżak Edward , Żądło Julia , Witczak Maja , Szczukowski Łukasz , Mucha Jakub , Świątek Piotr , Marciniak Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

From the point of view of the search for new pharmaceuticals, pyridazinone derivatives are a very promising group of compounds. In our previous works, we have proved that newly synthesized ligands from this group have desirable biological and pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, we decided to continue the research evaluating the activity of pyrrolo[3,4-dpyridazinone derivatives. In this work, we focused on the interactions of five pyridazinone derivatives with the following biomolecules: DNA and two plasma proteins: orosomucoid and gamma globulin. Using several of spectroscopic methods, such as UV-Vis, CD, and fluorescence spectroscopy, we proved that the tested compounds form stable complexes with all biomacromolecules selected for analysis. These findings were also confirmed by the results obtained by molecular modeling. All tested pyridazinone derivatives bind to the ctDNA molecule via groove binding mechanisms. All these molecules can also be bound and transported by the tested plasma proteins; however, the stability of the complexes formed is lower than those formed with serum albumin.
Inhibition of Apoptosis in a Model of Ischemic Stroke Leads to Enhanced Cell Survival, Endogenous Neural Precursor Cell Activation and Improved Functional Outcomes
Authors: Islam Rehnuma , Ahlfors Jan-Eric , Siu Ricky , Noman Humna , Akbary Roya , Morshead Cindi M.
Published: February 2024

Stroke results in neuronal cell death, which causes long-term disabilities in adults. Treatment options are limited and rely on a narrow window of opportunity. Apoptosis inhibitors demonstrate efficacy in improving neuronal cell survival in animal models of stroke. However, many inhibitors non-specifically target apoptosis pathways and high doses are needed for treatment. We explored the use of a novel caspase-3/7 inhibitor, New World Laboratories (NWL) 283, with a lower IC50 than current caspase-3/7 inhibitors. We performed in vitro and in vivo assays to determine the efficacy of NWL283 in modulating cell death in a preclinical model of stroke. In vitro and in vivo assays show that NWL283 enhances cell survival of neural precursor cells. Delivery of NWL283 following stroke enhances endogenous NPC migration and leads to increased neurogenesis in the stroke-injured cortex. Furthermore, acute NWL283 administration is neuroprotective at the stroke injury site, decreasing neuronal cell death and reducing microglia activation. Coincident with NWL283 delivery for 8 days, stroke-injured mice exhibited improved functional outcomes that persisted following cessation of the drug. Therefore, we propose that NWL283 is a promising therapeutic warranting further investigation to enhance stroke recovery.
The Immunomodulatory Effects of Sulforaphane in Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Prospective Nutraceutical
Authors: Ruhee Ruheea , Suzuki Katsuhiko
Published: February 2024

Sulforaphane (SFN) is a promising molecule for developing phytopharmaceuticals due to its potential antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. A plethora of research conducted in vivo and in vitro reported the beneficial effects of SFN intervention and the underlying cellular mechanisms. Since SFN is a newly identified nutraceutical in sports nutrition, only some human studies have been conducted to reflect the effects of SFN intervention in exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. In this review, we briefly discussed the effects of SFN on exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. We discussed human and animal studies that are related to exercise intervention and mentioned the underlying cellular signaling mechanisms. Since SFN could be used as a potential therapeutic agent, we mentioned briefly its synergistic attributes with other potential nutraceuticals that are associated with acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. Given its health-promoting effects, SFN could be a prospective nutraceutical at the forefront of sports nutrition.
Strength and Deformation of Concrete-Encased Grouting-Filled Steel Tubes Columns Exposed to Monotonic Quasi-Static Loading Conditions
Authors: Abbood Ahlam A. , Oukaili Nazar , Allawi Abbas A. , Wardeh George
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel concrete-encased column (CE) using small circular steel tubes filled with cementitious grouting material (GFST) as the primary reinforcement instead of traditional steel bars. The research involved three different types of reinforcement: conventional steel bars, concrete-filled steel tubes with 30% of the reinforcement ratio of steel bars, and concrete-filled steel tubes with the same reinforcement ratio as steel bars. Twenty-four circular concrete columns were tested and categorized into six groups based on the type of reinforcement employed. Each group comprised four columns, with one subjected to concentric axial load, two subjected to eccentric axial load (with eccentricities of 25 mm and 50 mm, respectively), and one tested under lateral flexural loads. To validate the experimental results, finite element (FE) analysis was conducted using ABAQUS software version 6.14. The experimental findings for concentric load reveal that columns with the second type of reinforcement, concrete-filled steel tubes with 30% of the reinforcement ratio of steel bars exhibited a failure load 19% lower than those with steel bars, while columns with the third type of reinforcement, concrete-filled steel tubes with the same reinforcement ratio as steel bars achieved a failure load 17% greater than the traditional steel bars. The FE analysis demonstrates good agreement with the experimental outcomes in terms of ultimate strength, deformation, and failure modes.
Study on the Effect of Electrolytes on Processing Efficiency and Accuracy of Titanium Alloy Utilizing Laser and Shaped Tube Electrochemical Machining
Authors: Sun Chenyu , Wang Yufeng , Yang Yong , Yao Zhehe , Liu Yunfeng , Wu Qiang , Yan Jie , Yao Jianhua , Zhang Wenwu
Published: February 2024

Electrochemical machining (ECM) has become more prevalent in titanium alloy processing. However, the presence of the passivation layer on the titanium alloys significantly impacts the performance of ECM. In an attempt to overcome the passivation effects, a high-temperature electrolyte or the addition of halogen ions to the electrolyte has been used. Still, it often results in compromised machining accuracy and surface roughness. This study applied laser and shaped tube electrolytic machining (Laser-STEM) for titanium alloy drilling, where the laser was guided to the machining zone via total internal reflection. The performance of Laser-STEM using different types of electrolytes was compared. Further, the effects of laser power and pulse voltage on the machining side gap, material removal rate (MRR), and surface roughness were experimentally studied while drilling small holes in titanium alloy. The results indicated that the use of passivating electrolytes improved the machining precision, while the MRR decreased with an increase in laser power during Laser-STEM. The MRR showed an increase while using aggressive electrolytes; however, at the same time, the machining precision deteriorated with the increase in laser power. Particularly, the maximum feeding rate of 6.0 mm/min for the tool electrode was achieved using NaCl solution as the electrolyte during Laser-STEM, marking a 100% increase compared to the rate without the use of a laser. Moreover, the model and equivalent circuits were also established to illustrate the material removal mechanisms of Laser-STEM in different electrolytes. Lastly, the processing of deep small holes with a diameter of 1.5 mm, a depth of 38 mm, and a surface roughness of Ra 2 µm was achieved via Laser-STEM without the presence of a recast layer and heat-affected zones. In addition, the cross-inner flow channels in the titanium alloys were effectively processed.
Fatigue Life Prediction Model of FRP–Concrete Interface Based on Gene Expression Programming
Authors: Zhang Zhimei , Huo Yinglong
Published: February 2024

Under fatigue loading, the interfacial fatigue life of fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)–concrete is an important index for the analysis of the fatigue performance of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with FRP materials and the evaluation of the reinforcement effect. To solve the problems of the inconsistent and limited accuracy of existing fatigue life prediction models, gene expression programming (GEP) was used to study the interfacial fatigue life of FRP–concrete. Firstly, 219 sets of interfacial fatigue test data were collected, which included two kinds of reinforcement methods, namely, externally bonded (EB) reinforcement and near-surface-mounted (NSM) reinforcement; secondly, Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the key factors affecting the fatigue life, and then GEP was used to explore the influence of different input forms on the prediction accuracy of the model. Fatigue life calculation formulas applicable to the two kinds of reinforcement methods, i.e., EB and NSM, were established, and a specific calculation formula was established. The model was subjected to parameter sensitivity analysis and variable importance analysis and was found to reflect the intrinsic relationship between the fatigue life and various factors. Finally, the GEP model was compared with the models proposed by other researchers. Five statistical indices, such as the coefficient of determination and the average absolute error, were selected to assess the model, and the results show that the GEP model has higher prediction accuracy than other models, with a coefficient of determination of 0.819, and indicators such as the average absolute error are also lower than those of the rest of the models.
Preparation and Characterization of Multilayer NiTi Coatings by a Thermal Plasma Process
Authors: Samal Sneha , Zeman Jakub , Habr Stanislav , Pacherová Oliva , Kopeček Jaromír , Šittner Petr
Published: February 2024

The deposition of multilayer coating of NiTi is carried out by a thermal plasma spraying process on a stainless steel substrate. The deposition of melted NiTi particles creates an adhesion layer on the substrate with the subsequent formation of multilayer coating with a certain thickness. Six layers of coating are created to achieve a certain thickness in terms of the sprayed sample. This paper aims to investigate multilayer NiTi coatings created through a thermal plasma process. The key variable feed rate was considered, as well as its effect on the microstructure characteristics. The shape memory effect associated with the coating properties was analyzed in detail. The variable feed rate was considered one of the most important parameters in the thermal plasma spraying process due to its ability to control the quality and compactness of the coating structure. The coatings were characterized by examining their microstructure, thermal, chemical, and microhardness. The indent marks were made/realized along the cross-section surface for the analysis of crack propagation resistance and wear properties. The coating’s surface did not display segmentation crack lines. Nevertheless, the cross-sectional surfaces showed evidence of crack lines. There were eutectic zones of the interlamellar structure observed in the structure of the coating. The plasma-sprayed samples from thermo-mechanical analysis of the hysteresis curve provide strong confirmation of the shape memory effect.
Enhancing Sustainability and Antifungal Properties of Biodegradable Composites: Caffeine-Treated Wood as a Filler for Polylactide
Authors: Grząbka-Zasadzińska Aleksandra , Woźniak Magdalena , Kaszubowska-Rzepka Agata , Baranowska Marlena , Sip Anna , Ratajczak Izabela , Borysiak Sławomir
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the suitability of using caffeine-treated and untreated black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) wood as a polylactide filler. Composites containing 10%, 20%, and 30% filler were investigated in terms of increasing the nucleating ability of polylactide, as well as enhancing its resistance to microorganisms. Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed that the addition of caffeine-treated wood significantly altered the crystallization behavior of the polymer matrix, increasing its crystallization temperature and degree of crystallinity. Polarized light microscopic observations revealed that only the caffeine-treated wood induced the formation of transcrystalline structures in the polylactide. Incorporation of the modified filler into the matrix was also responsible for changes in the thermal stability and decreased hydrophilicity of the material. Most importantly, the use of black cherry wood treated with caffeine imparted antifungal properties to the polylactide-based composite, effectively reducing growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium culmorum, Alternaria alternata, and Trichoderma viride. For the first time, it was reported that treatment of wood with a caffeine compound of natural origin alters the supermolecular structure, nucleating abilities, and imparts antifungal properties of polylactide/wood composites, providing promising insights into the structure-properties relationship of such composites.
Solvent-Free Reaction for Unsymmetrical Organodisulfides with High Purity and Application as Cathode-Active Materials
Authors: Tsukaguchi Yuta , Shinoda Kazuki , Noda Yusei , Hatta Yui , Tsubouchi Kentaro , Shokura Naoko , Nakamura Fumiya , Kimura-Suda Hiromi , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Shimizu Takeshi , Tanifuji Naoki
Published: February 2024

Unsymmetrical disulfides, in which different organic groups are bonded to disulfide bonds, have been synthesized by cross-coupling reactions using thiols as substrates. However, due to the low-binding energy of unsymmetrical disulfides, its disproportionation occurs based on the side reactions with nucleophilic thiols, resulting in the impurity of symmetric disulfides. In this study, we developed a solvent-free synthesis method for unsymmetrical disulfides using thiosulfonates, thiols, and a base. This synthetic method enabled us to obtain highly pure diaryl-substituted unsymmetrical disulfides with particularly low-binding energy without control over the nucleophilicity and elimination properties of the substrate. Furthermore, it was observed that the disproportionation of unsymmetrical disulfides occurred in the solvent. This means that solvent-free condition is one of the factors to obtain unsymmetrical disulfides. As a new application of unsymmetrical disulfides, we applied unsymmetrical disulfides to cathode active materials of lithium batteries based on the reversible multi-electron redox activity of S–S bonds. The batteries using unsymmetrical disulfide cathode-active materials with a carbon nanotube exhibited initial capacities of 127 and 158 Ah/kg, equal to 42 and 53% of their theoretical ones. We demonstrated that unsymmetrical disulfides could be used as cathode-active materials for rechargeable batteries.
Identification of Apple Fruit-Skin Constitutive Laws by Full-Field Methods Using Uniaxial Tensile Loading
Authors: Campos Teresa , Araújo Rafael , Xavier José , Nguyễn Quyền , Dourado Nuno , Morais José , Pereira Fábio
Published: February 2024

The protective and preservative role of apple skin in maintaining the integrity of the fruit is well-known, with its mechanical behaviour playing a pivotal role in determining fruit storage capacity. This study employs a combination of experimental and numerical methodologies, specifically utilising the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. A specially devised inverse strategy is applied to evaluate the mechanical behaviour of apple skin under uniaxial tensile loading. Three apple cultivars were tested in this work: Malus domestica Starking Delicious, Malus pumila Rennet, and Malus domestica Golden Delicious. Stress–strain curves were reconstructed, revealing distinct variations in the mechanical responses among these cultivars. Yeoh’s hyperelastic model was fitted to the experimental data to identify the coefficients capable of reproducing the non-linear deformation. The results suggest that apple skin varies significantly in composition and structure among the tested cultivars, as evidenced by differences in elastic properties and non-linear behaviour. These differences can significantly affect how fruit is handled, stored, and transported. Thus, the insights resulting from this research enable the development of mathematical models based on the mechanical behaviour of apple tissue, constituting important data for improvements in the economics of the agri-food industry.
Study on the Degradation Effect of Carbonaceous Shale under the Coupling Effect of Chemical Erosion and High Temperature
Authors: Xiong Guangwei , Chen Qiunan , He Yongchao , Chen Zhenghong , Huang Xiaocheng , Xie Yunpeng
Published: February 2024

The southwest region of China has abundant groundwater and high-temperature geothermal energy. Carbonaceous shale, as one of the typical surrounding rocks in this region, often suffers from deterioration effects due to the coupled action of groundwater chemical erosion and high temperature, which affects the long-term stability of tunnel engineering. In order to investigate the deterioration effects of carbonaceous shale under the coupled action of chemical erosion and high temperature, carbonaceous shale from a tunnel of Lixiang Railway in Yunnan Province was taken as the research object. The microstructure and mineral composition of the samples before and after chemical erosion were obtained with a scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer and an X-ray diffraction test. Then, triaxial compression tests were conducted on the samples under different time points and different temperature effects of chemical erosion, and the stress–strain curves and the deterioration laws under a single factor were obtained. An improved numerical simulation method based on the parallel bond model was developed, which can account for the coupled effects of chemical erosion and high temperature on the rock. By simulating the triaxial compression test of carbonaceous shale, the deterioration law of carbonaceous shale under the coupled action was discussed. The results show that chemical erosion has a significant deterioration effect on the triaxial compressive strength of carbonaceous shale, and the degree of deterioration is related to the erosion time. In the first 30 days of erosion, the triaxial compressive strength of carbonaceous shale decreased by 11.38%, which was the largest deterioration range. With the increase in erosion time, the deterioration rate gradually decreased; temperature had a significant threshold effect on the strength of carbonaceous shale, and a clear turning point appeared at about 200 °C. By simulating the deterioration effects of carbonaceous shale under the coupled action of chemical erosion and high temperature, it was found that the longer the duration of chemical erosion, the stronger the temperature sensitivity of carbonaceous shale, and the more serious the loss of compressive strength during the heating process. When the temperature was low, the strength of carbonaceous shale changed little, and some samples even showed an increase in strength; when the temperature was high, the strength of carbonaceous shale decreased significantly, showing deterioration characteristics. The numerical simulation method was compared and verified with the indoor test results, and it was found that the numerical calculation had a good agreement with the test results.
An Eco-Friendly and Innovative Approach in Building Engineering: The Production of Cement–Glass Composite Bricks with Recycled Polymeric Reinforcements
Authors: Małek Marcin , Kluczyński Janusz , Jasik Katarzyna , Kardaszuk Emil , Szachogłuchowicz Ireneusz , Łuszczek Jakub , Torzewski Janusz , Grzelak Krzysztof , Ewiak Ireneusz
Published: February 2024

Cementitious–glass composite bricks (CGCBs) with 3D-printed reinforcement structures made of PET-G could be an innovative production method that relies on recycling glass waste (78%) and PET-G (8%). These bricks offer a promising solution for the construction industry, which has a significant impact on climate change due to its greenhouse gas emissions and extensive use of natural aggregates. The approach presented in this article serves as an alternative to using conventional building materials that are not only costlier but also less environmentally friendly. The conducted research included mechanical tests using digital image correlation (DIC), utilized for measuring deformations in specimens subjected to three-point bending and compression tests, as well as thermal investigations covering measurements of their thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and specific heat. The results highlighted the superior thermal properties of the CGCBs with PET-G reinforcements compared to traditional cementitious–glass mortar (CGM). The CGCBs exhibited a 12% lower thermal conductivity and a 17% lower specific heat. Additionally, the use of specially designed reinforcement substantially enhanced the mechanical properties of the bricks. There was a remarkable 72% increase in flexural strength in the vertical direction and a 32% increase in the horizontal direction.
Influence of the Original Concrete Strength and Initial Moisture Condition on the Properties Improvement of Recycled Coarse Aggregate via Accelerated Carbonation Reactions
Authors: Ju Xueli , Wu Linjian , Liu Mingwei , Jiang Han , Zhang Wenxiao , Guan Li , Chen Xiang , Fan Xinhui
Published: February 2024

The physical and mechanical properties of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) are worse than those of natural coarse aggregate (NCA), and the overall performance of recycled concrete prepared from RCA is worse than that of natural aggregate concrete. Treatment of RCA by CO2-accelerated carbonation effectively improves the macroscopic properties of RCA. The degree of influence of raw material factors, i.e., the original concrete strength (OCS) and initial moisture content (IMC) of RCA, on the carbonation of RCAs is very complex. Herein, an accelerated carbonation experiment for RCA with different material factors as variables was carried out to explore the influence of the abovementioned factors on the physical properties of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate (CRCA). By analyzing the microstructure of the RCA with the best modification effect before and after carbonation, the carbonation modification mechanism of the RCA was revealed. The physical performance indexes, including the apparent density, water absorption and carbonation rate, of the dried RCA with an OCS of C40 and C50 were significantly improved. The research results can provide basic data and theoretical support for promoting the popularization and application of RCA and recycled concrete in practical engineering.
RP1 Dominant p.Ser740* Pathogenic Variant in 20 Knowingly Unrelated Families Affected by Rod–Cone Dystrophy: Potential Founder Effect in Western Sicily
Authors: D’Esposito Fabiana , Randazzo Viviana , Vega Maria Igea , Esposito Gabriella , Maltese Paolo Enrico , Torregrossa Salvatore , Scibetta Paola , Listì Florinda , Gagliano Caterina , Scalia Lucia , Pioppo Antonino , Marino Antonio , Piergentili Marco , Malvone Emanuele , Fioretti Tiziana , Vitrano Angela , Piccione Maria , Avitabile Teresio , Salvatore Francesco , Bertelli Matteo , Costagliola Ciro , Cordeiro Maria Francesca , Maggio Aurelio , D’Alcamo Elena
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited rod–cone dystrophy (RCD), resulting in nyctalopia, progressive visual field, and visual acuity decay in the late stages. The autosomal dominant form (ADRP) accounts for about 20% of RPs. Among the over 30 genes found to date related to ADRP, RP1 pathogenic variants have been identified in 5–10% of cases. In a cohort of RCD patients from the Palermo province on the island of Sicily, we identified a prevalent nonsense variant in RP1, which was associated with ADRP. The objective of our study was to analyse the clinical and molecular data of this patient cohort and to evaluate the potential presence of a founder effect. Materials and Methods. From 2005 to January 2023, 84 probands originating from Western Sicily (Italy) with a diagnosis of RCD or RP and their relatives underwent deep phenotyping, which was performed in various Italian clinical institutions. Molecular characterisation of patients and familial segregation of pathogenic variants were carried out in different laboratories using Sanger and/or next-generation sequencing (NGS). Results. Among 84 probands with RCD/RP, we found 28 heterozygotes for the RP1 variant c.2219C>G, p.Ser740* ((NM_006269.2)*, which was therefore significantly prevalent in this patient cohort. After a careful interview process, we ascertained that some of these patients shared the same pedigree. Therefore, we were ultimately able to define 20 independent family groups with no traceable consanguinity. Lastly, analysis of clinical data showed, in our patients, that the p.Ser740* nonsense variant was often associated with a late-onset and relatively mild phenotype. Conclusions. The high prevalence of the p.Ser740* variant in ADRP patients from Western Sicily suggests the presence of a founder effect, which has useful implications for the molecular diagnosis of RCD in patients coming from this Italian region. This variant can be primarily searched for in RP-affected subjects displaying compatible modes of transmission and phenotypes, with an advantage in terms of the required costs and time for analysis. Moreover, given its high prevalence, the RP1 p.Ser740* variant could represent a potential candidate for the development of therapeutic strategies based on gene editing or translational read-through therapy for suppression of nonsense variants.
Research Progress on Router Devices for the OAM Optical Communication
Authors: Wang Binbin , Zhang Xizheng , Tian Jinlong , Merabet Badreddine , Li Zhixiang , Shah Syed Afaq Ali , Lei Yi , Liu Bingyi , Guo Kai , Guo Zhongyi
Published: February 2024

Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) provide a new degree of freedom for light waves in addition to the traditional degrees of freedom, such as intensity, phase, frequency, time, and polarization. Due to the theoretically unlimited orthogonal states, the physical dimension of OAM is capable of addressing the problem of low information capacity. With the advancement of the OAM optical communication technology, OAM router devices (OAM-RDs) have played a key role in significantly improving the flexibility and practicability of communication systems. In this review, major breakthroughs in the OAM-RDs are summarized, and the latest technological standing is examined. Additionally, a detailed account of the recent works published on techniques related to the OAM-RDs has been categorized into five areas: channel multicasting, channel switching, channel filtering, channel hopping, and channel adding/extracting. Meanwhile, the principles, research methods, advantages, and disadvantages are discussed and summarized in depth while analyzing the future development trends and prospects of the OAM-RDs.
Molecular Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of Blastocystis spp. in Humans of Latin America: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fusaro Carmine , Bernal Jaime E. , Baldiris-Ávila Rosa , González-Cuello Rafael , Cisneros-Lorduy Julio , Reales-Ruiz Arley , Castro-Orozco Raimundo , Sarria-Guzmán Yohanna
Published: February 2024

Blastocystis spp. are among the few enteric parasites with a prevalence that can reach up to approximately 80% in communities of developing countries. This systematic review updates and summarizes available literature on the molecular prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis spp. in Latin American people. This work follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The literature revised covers from 1 January 2015 to 6 October 2023 in seven different scientific databases, and the material was selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to data found in the 36 selected articles, the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in Latin America ranged between 5.8% (Bolivian rural communities) and 94.0% (Colombian general public). Generally, genomic DNA was extracted from approximately 200 mg fecal sediments using commercial kits, such as the QIAamp Stool Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) or the Norgen Stool DNA Isolation Kit (Norgen Biotek Corporation, Thorold, ON, Canada). Subtype-specific primers (such as the couple of primers BhRDr–RD5) developed from unique sequences of the SSU rRNA gene were applied to Blastocystis subtyping. Ten specific subtypes (STs) were found as well as various mixed infections, and the most circulating Blastocystis STs were in the order ST3, ST1, ST2, and ST4. The most recent data about Blastocystis spp. molecular epidemiology and the STs in communities of Latin America are limited to studies from specific countries. Novel scientific data from the other countries are required to obtain a complete picture and truly understand the distribution and prevalence of Blastocystis spp. and the STs.
Analysis of the Barriers to Smart City Development Using DEMATEL
Authors: Makki Anas A. , Alqahtani Ammar Y.
Published: February 2024

This study analyzes the barriers to developing smart cities (SCs) using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. The primary objective is to identify, classify, and assess the main barriers hindering the progress of SCs. Through an extensive literature review, twelve main barriers were identified. The DEMATEL approach models and analyzes the relationships among these barriers based on expert input. The results reveal that technical problems, a lack of infrastructure, and high costs are classified as cause barriers. Security and privacy concerns and the absence of coordinated planning are classified as effect barriers. This study emphasizes the need for established criteria and iterative development requirements. Although the influence of knowledge and skills gaps and a lack of awareness is less significant, these aspects still require attention. The findings suggest that a comprehensive approach focusing on technical solutions, infrastructure development, strategic planning, and cybersecurity measures can effectively overcome barriers. Regular evaluation of barrier dynamics is crucial for implementing adaptive measures. The results provide decision-makers with a valuable model to address the challenges and foster the efforts of SC stakeholders.
Implementation of the mechanism of systemic risk internalisation in the deposit market (pigou tax principle)
Authors:   Aktobe Regional University named after K. Zhubanov, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kelbetova S. Zh. , Seksenova A. T. ,   Aktobe Regional University named after K. Zhubanov, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Rakhmanov A. S. ,   Aktobe Regional University named after K. Zhubanov, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: February 2024

The deposit guarantee fund’s rate cap mechanism was supplemented by a systemic risk fee based on the Pigou tax principle. The additional systemic risk fee was introduced to curb overly aggressive price competition in the deposit market by creating additional explicit financial costs that can offset the gains to individual banks from increasing their deposit market share. However, the existing inelasticity of the implemented mechanism, manifested by the lack of stable pressure across the entire range of rates, necessitates its reform. In this article the authors reveal the details of the implemented mechanism of internalisation of systemic risk in the deposit market, the reasons that prompted its implementation, assessment of its success and ways of further reform.
Athletes’ psychodiagnostics as one of the stages of patient-centeredness
Authors:   SBHI SR «Tolyatti Medical and Physical Education Dispensary»,olyatti, Russia, Kudryashova E. N.
Published: February 2024

The article talks about the impor tance of psychological suppor t in children's and youth sports. Target. Conducting psychodiagnostics of athletes of childhood and adolescence in order to formulate psychological and pedagogical recommendations, planning and more effective implementation of a system of influence on the athlete. Results. Recommendations are formulated, including the formation of positive thinking, the formation of motivation, training in relaxation techniques, training in mental self-regulation (auto-training), regulation from outside (recommendations for a coach, parents). Conclusion. In modern sports, the psychological stress is very high. The need for athletes to constantly overcome great physical and mental stress is associated with increased neuropsychic activity and emotional stress.
Morphological analysis of resorption and degenerative processes in gonads of fishes — representatives of different families in reservoirs Dagestan part of the Middle Caspian Sea
Authors:   Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M.M. Dzhambulatov, Russia, Makhachkala, Gadzhimuradov G.Sh.
Published: February 2024

In recent decades, the vulnerability of the Caspian Sea ecosystem has been observed due to large-scale anthropogenic impact. Due to the limited number of studies on resorption and degenerative processes in fish gonads, it was important to evaluate these regularities in commercial fish species — representatives of different families in the water bodies of the Dagestan part of the Middle Caspian Sea. In the process of our own research and analyzed literature data, the peculiarities and character of resorption passage when it is of mass character were revealed and the reasons causing it were established. In addition, the phases (stages) and conditions necessary for this process, its duration and irreversibility were studied. The biological significance of resorption has been established. Disturbances revealed in the external morphology of germ cells may be a predictor of profound changes in their structure and function. To clarify and elucidate the possibility of participation of individuals of the analyzed fish species in the spawning process with abnormal types of gonads, it is necessary to conduct a more detailed study of the sex glands at different levels of their organization, including cellular, tissue and organ levels. All the obtained factual data, regularities and revealed peculiarities in the reproductive processes in the studied species with different biology provide an opportunity for further scientific knowledge of all parts of the reproductive cycle in fish in different ecological conditions. We consider the revealed peculiarities of functioning of reproductive systems, mechanisms of adaptation of fishes to different conditions of existence as significant and necessary for solving many theoretical questions — in the field of morphofunctional and ecological analyses of evolutionary process, as well as such urgent practical problems as obtaining artificially full-fledged eggs and milk for fish breeding in pond conditions; for biologically justified exploitation of fish resources in natural reservoirs, which provide fish with high fecundity.
Efficacy of Asepta Fresh liquid products by Werteks Ltd in daily oral hygiene: insights from clinical studies
Authors: Prokhorova O. V. , Orekhova L. Yu. , Biricheva O. A. , Prikhodko V. A. , Petrov A. A.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. Properly selected personal oral hygiene products play a crucial role in minimizing the risk of hard tissue and periodontal diseases while also preventing their development. Consequently, there is a need for research to assess the effectiveness of various oral hygiene products and their combinations.

The objective of our study was to compare the clinical efficacy of a mouthwash and an irrigant in patients with fixed or removable orthodontic appliances.

Materials and methods. The study comprised 60 patients aged 20 to 29, all without medical conditions. Participants were evenly divided into two groups, each consisting of 30 individuals. The first group utilized Asepta Fresh mouthwash (Werteks Ltd, Russian Federation), while the second group used both a mouthwash and irrigant from the this brand.

Results. The study observed quantitative changes in the following indices: Lange’s API, Silness – Loe, Green – Vermillion (OHI-S), and Ulitovsky – Orekhova’s HI ORTHO (Hygiene Index ORTHOdontic). Throughout the study, based on the alterations in these indices, both groups showed an improvement in oral hygiene. However, it is noteworthy that the positive trends were more pronounced in the second group.

Conclusion. The use of liquid products such as Asepta Fresh (Werteks Ltd, Russian Federation) in personal oral hygiene practices proves to be a sufficiently effective method for cleaning approximal tooth surfaces. This effectiveness is substantiated by the positive changes observed in oral hygiene measured by the aforementioned indices. Hence, it may be recommended as an auxiliary method for controlling oral hygiene in orthodontics with fixed appliances.
Necesidades educativas especiales y práctica docente
Authors: Rojas Montoya Anghela Magaly , Rojas Sandra , Burgos Carlos
Published: February 2024

Este estudio se centra en tres dimensiones esenciales para mejorar la educación inclusiva: las Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE), la Práctica Docente (PD), y el Acondicionamiento Intrínseco de la Infraestructura Educativa (IIEE). Las NEE se definen como barreras que restringen el derecho a la educación, enfocándose en superar obstáculos del sistema educativo más que en las condiciones individuales de los estudiantes. La PD se aborda como la manifestación de la idoneidad del maestro para sortear las dificultades de los estudiantes con NEE desde una perspectiva sistémica. Además, se destaca la importancia del acondicionamiento intrínseco de la IIEE para promover la innovación y la atención integral. La metodología empleada incluyó la revisión bibliográfica de 84 artículos, seleccionando 23 para una Revisión Sistemática (RS) posterior. La RS reveló estrategias efectivas, como la co-enseñanza, la promoción de habilidades comunicativas, la capacitación continua de docentes, el seguimiento y supervisión, y el papel crucial de la tecnología en la educación inclusiva. Estas propuestas, adaptadas a la realidad latinoamericana, ofrecen soluciones concretas para mejorar la práctica docente y avanzar hacia una educación inclusiva de calidad.
Camino hacia la inclusión educativa: Beneficio para todos
Authors: Rodriguez Antayhua Serlubia Karin , García Rodríguez Nubby Sidanelia
Published: February 2024

Este estudio aborda la esencialidad de la inclusión educativa para la convivencia armoniosa en comunidades educativas, destacando la participación crucial de la sociedad y las instituciones educativas. El objetivo central es analizar los criterios de inclusión en la educación, enfocándose en la reflexión sobre métricas clave para fomentar la convivencia respetuosa en entornos educativos sin segregación ni exclusión hacia los estudiantes. La metodología empleada involucró una búsqueda sistemática en la literatura, aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión desde 2017 hasta 2023, en los idiomas español e inglés. Se consultaron 60 artículos, seleccionando 35 tras un riguroso proceso de revisión. Las conclusiones destacan la urgencia de fortalecer las políticas educativas, asegurando ambientes propicios y acceso a tecnologías para ofrecer servicios educativos inclusivos y de calidad, promoviendo así una educación más equitativa y accesible.
El estrés académico en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gambini López Inés , Osorio Vidal Víctor Gilberto , Palomino Alca Julia Teresa
Published: February 2024

En el contexto universitario, el estrés académico, es una respuesta común a las múltiples demandas, puede ser tanto activador como perjudicial para el rendimiento. Este estudio, a través de una revisión sistemática que abordó 24 estudios, buscó identificar los factores que inciden en el estrés académico de estudiantes universitarios. Se destacó la complejidad multidimensional de estos factores, agravada por eventos extraordinarios como la pandemia de COVID-19. La investigación concluyó que la interacción de estos elementos no solo impacta el rendimiento académico sino también la salud mental de los estudiantes. Este análisis resalta la necesidad de estrategias efectivas para gestionar y mitigar el estrés académico en entornos universitarios.
Indicações geográficas enquanto ferramenta de gestão territorial e sustentabilidade no Território de identidade do Vale do Jiquiriçá
Authors: Sampaio Giovanna Martins , Rocha Jadson Luiz Simões , Santos João Antonio Belmino dos
Published: February 2024

O objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em avaliar os potenciais de indicação geográfica da região da bacia do rio no vale do Jiquiriçá enquanto ferramenta de gestão territorial e sustentável e do turismo de base ecológica. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada refere-se à pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de caráter e descritivo, e abordagem eminentemente qualitativa, com o uso de dados secundários. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a relevância de políticas públicas analíticas em torno das Indicações geográficas em prol do desenvolvimento regional e da valorização do território.
Entre Mangues e Guarás: o Turismo de Base Comunitária na Ilha do Lençóis em Cururupu (MA)
Authors: Pinheiro Cíntia Raquel Soares , Souza Luiz Eduardo Simões de
Published: February 2024

Esse texto se pauta em um estudo realizado na Ilha dos Lençóis em Cururupu (MA), região composta por manguezais e praias, onde vive uma comunidade de pescadores artesanais. Institucionalmente, a ilha faz parte da Reserva Extrativista Marinha (RESEX) de Cururupu que resguarda grande potencial ambiental e turístico, assim, analisamos a consecução do projeto "Turismo de Base Comunitária (TBC) na Ilha dos Lençóis", apoiado financeiramente pelo Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD) entre os anos de 2011 a 2017, buscando entender a aproximação entre a teoria e a prática. Nos amparamos na etnografia, fazendo uso da metodologia de observação participante in loco e análise dos dados fornecidos através de entrevistas por interlocutores-chave. Os resultados demonstram que, mesmo em estágio inicial e ao findar dos aportes financeiros obtidos pelo edital de financiamento, o TBC tem se mostrado promissor e fortalece a participação ativa da comunidade que adotou a iniciativa como uma forma complementar de renda, ao mesmo tempo em que valoriza e conserva os bens naturais e a cultura local.
Ecoturismo como alternativa para a sustentabilidade do Parque Estadual do Cocó (CE)
Authors: Nascimento Hermógenes Henrique Oliveira , Rodrigues Ricardo Furtado
Published: February 2024

A relação entre homem e o meio ambiente torna-se cada vez mais complexa, cabe à sociedade buscar conhecimento e habilidade para que se possa preservar as Unidades de Conservação (UC). A presente pesquisa mostra que o desenvolvimento sustentável em áreas protegidas pode ser alcançado por meio do ecoturismo, pois esse segmento é considerado como fator importante no processo cultural, econômico, social e, principalmente, de preservação do meio ambiente. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a importância do segmento do ecoturismo para a sustentabilidade do Parque Estadual do Cocó, no estado do Ceará, Brasil. Para isso, foi investigada a relevância dada ao ecoturismo e vertentes dessa atividade que envolvam as premissas do desenvolvimento sustentável. A abordagem metodológica do estudo foi por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, com base na matriz SWOT, explorando a revisão bibliográfica e referências críticas do tema, por meio da análise de conteúdo, proposta por Bardin (2004). Como resultado, todos os objetivos foram alcançados, levando à conclusão de que o Parque Estadual do Cocó possui potencialidade para o desenvolvimento do ecoturismo, desde que estabeleçam arranjos políticos que promovam a valorização cultural, a interação social, com organização comunitária, a repartição dos benefícios econômicos justos e a conservação ambiental.
Educação Ambiental em Unidade de Conservação Municipal: percepções de estudantes do ensino fundamental
Authors: Simões Noéle Aparecida , Hayashi Carmino
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho compõe parte de uma dissertação de mestrado. O presente artigo objetivou levantar as percepções de estudantes de escola pública sobre meio ambiente e natureza e sobre o Parque Natural Municipal de Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, buscando compreender o papel da Educação Ambiental na sensibilização e no desenvolvimento da consciência ambiental. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período entre setembro e dezembro de 2022. Ao todo responderam aos questionários 82 estudantes. Através de adaptação da análise de conteúdo levantou-se as percepções do público-alvo. Verificou-se que a concepção naturalista de meio ambiente foi a mais expressiva e que a visão socioambiental é pouco expressiva na visão dos estudantes e que de modo geral, há grande preocupação com a preservação ambiental e consciência da importância da conservação do Parque Natural.
Geração e destinação de resíduos eletroeletrônicos: estudo de caso com discentes de informática e tecnologias
Authors: Gaia Deiveson Sá , Alfonso Jasmine Ferreira , Santos Jessyca Nepomuceno dos , Batista Priscila da Silva
Published: February 2024

Com o rápido avanço tecnológico, é comum ter muitos equipamentos eletrônicos tanto no ambiente doméstico quanto no ambiente de trabalho. No entanto, esses materiais são compostos por diversos elementos tóxicos que impactam o meio ambiente e a saúde humana quando descartados incorretamente. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as formas de descarte de equipamentos eletrônicos pós-consumo por estudantes da área de informática, bem como suas percepções sobre essa problemática. Para isso, utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado para o levantamento de dados, a fim de auxiliar no desenvolvimento da pesquisa descritiva. Notou-se que a maioria dos discentes tem consciência do descarte adequado, mas ainda possui pouca sensibilização ambiental no que se refere à temática, resultando frequentemente em práticas de descarte incorretas.
A etnoconservação em duas comunidades rurais tradicionais da mesorregião sudeste paranaense
Authors: Marinheski Vanderlei
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em dois faxinais do Paraná, Lageado de Baixo em Mallet e Lageado dos Mello em Rio Azul. O Sistema Faxinal foi organizado com base na racionalidade de convivência comunitária, nas práticas, nos costumes, nas tradições, na religiosidade dessas populações, nas formas de manejar a vegetação e na criação de animais em espaços de uso coletivo. Com objetivo de entender a dinâmica em relação ao uso e ocupação do solo nos dois faxinais e com base na aptidão produtiva desses territórios, foi discutida a etnoconservação em território faxinalense. A principal metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa foi o diagnóstico participativo com os sujeitos locais, através de questionários semiestruturados. A confecção dos produtos cartográficos foi realizada com o software QGIS versão 2.18. O mapa de capacidade de uso da terra, proposto para as duas comunidades, aponta que mais de 33% da área, não apresenta aptidão para agricultura e deve ser usada para culturas permanentes ou preservação da flora e fauna na classe VIII. Por outro lado, no mapa de conflito de uso das terras, evidencia-se que 95%, da área dos dois faxinais, está com uso adequado para aptidão produtiva. A partir da interface dos resultados da pesquisa no território dos faxinais, Lageado de Baixo - PR e Lageado dos Mello – PR, foi discutido a etnoconservação em território faxinalense, as resiliências e perspectivas futuras quanto a conservação da biodiversidade e dos aspectos socioculturais dessas comunidades tradicionais.