bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of service quality on customer satisfaction at a selected food retailer in Durban
Authors:   , Simelane Bhekiwe Nontokozo
Published: October 2022

In today’s competitive retail environment, many retailers need to develop strategies to compete. The current marketplace has become more competitive and customers are continually expecting retailers to match or exceed their expectations. Retailers should ensure that their service strategies are customised to meet the expectations of customers. In order for supermarkets to retain customers, they need to deliver exceptional service. Superior service quality and customer satisfaction must be promoted and maintained in order for the retailer to be the retailer of choice. The aim of this study was to evaluate service quality and the influence it has on customer satisfaction at a selected food retailer in Durban. A quantitative study was conducted in the form of a descriptive survey. The SERVQUAL instrument was used to assess customers’ expectations and perceptions of customer satisfaction. The quality dimensions included tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. A sample of 400 respondents were surveyed using the SERVQUAL questionnaire. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed amongst participants. The respondents were selected using non-probability sampling, within which convenience sampling was applied. The findings revealed that a majority of respondents were generally satisfied with the quality of services offered by the selected retailer. The results showed no significant difference between customers’ expectations and their perceptions. Although these gaps were relatively small, they are important in highlighting areas for improvement. Therefore, it is recommended that the selected retailer should continue to uphold service quality as customers are the key to a successful retailer. Best practices should be considered to guarantee that customers are satisfied at all times. Providing superior customer service can give a retailer a competitive advantage.
A comparative study of the drop-out rate of high school pupils in KwaZulu-Natal: A case study of public and private schools
Authors:   , Majozi Mlungisi Victor
Published: October 2022

This study’s aim is to assess the factors contributing towards the drop-out rate of pupils in high schools within the uMgungundlovu District (UG). The objectives of the study are to assess if there are existing strategies that can lower the drop-out rates by retaining pupils and thereby improve the through-put rates within the targeted high schools. Literature demonstrates that private schools perform better than public schools in managing their retention strategies and minimising the chances of pupils leaving school. This study is significant since it will provide lessons to be learnt about the challenges and recommendations regarding the drop-out rates in the target schools. The key objective of the study was to examine the factors and encounters that face pupils and teachers in both public and private schooling within the uMgungundlovu District. This study is relevant since it also highlights the difference between private and public schools and the number of pupils who drop-out of both types of schools. This study employed a mixed-method research approach which is a combination of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The target sample for this study was drawn from the population, and it consisted of 180 learners between grades 10 to 12 from each school - 30 pupils per grade will be chosen to participate in the study. Gender balance was taken into consideration when conducting the survey (school A and B) as these respective schools are both mixed gender schools. For this study, two educators per grade were selected, irrespective of the subjects they teach (six educators from school A and six educators from school B) and two members from the school governing body (SGB) namely the chairperson and one member who had served on the committee for more than two years. The target sample is composed of headmasters from the schools, three officials from the DOE (based on their experience and knowledge of school drop-out rates), and 20 drop-out learners (10 male and 10 female) who had dropped out from both schools. This study revealed that some of the factors attributing to drop-outs are clearly defined in terms of internal attributes such as school capacity, infrastructure, shortage of learning facilities, as well as external factors such as social structures and socialisation of families, political factors, change and transformation of basic education, and an increase in economic costs of education in South Africa. These factors exacerbated the poor performance of learners and teachers and their loss of concentration or passion towards school
Fighting Fire with Fire: Fostering of A European Champion
Authors: Porkka Markus
Published: October 2022

Countries have a financial interest in subsidizing companies originating from their respective territories to foster growth, enabling them to succeed against foreign competition, and attract further investment. However, this behaviour incentivises other nations to engage in a race of subsidies, distorting the competitive playing field, and leaving everyone worse off. For this reason, the EU has established internal market rules which prohibit the Member States from creating European champions, even when facing the subsidized foreign competition originating from outside the internal market. Following the Commission’s prohibition of the merger between Siemens and Alstom, the Franco-German manifesto was published. It protested the current approach and called for a number of reformations to enable the fostering of so-called ‘European champion’, subsidized European companies, which could compete equally against global competition.

In its latest competition policy review, the Commission emphasizes the importance of fair competition, enabling European firms to reach a sufficient scale in the face of global competition. This paper studies whether the Franco-German manifesto’s proposals are feasible in the light of the Union’s new competition aims and goals. It is found that fostering of a European champion is not strictly prohibited, making proposals regarding the timeframe and market definition unnecessary. However, the Commission’s restrictive view of the current rules de facto prevents its emergence. In light of the Union’s latest competition policy review, it is proposed that this strict interpretation may not be consistent with the current competition policy aims and objectives.
Criminal negligence of a public health doctor conducting care work
Authors: Ruohonen Otto
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the criminal negligence of a public health doctor when performing care work. It is based on a Bachelor’s thesis on the subject, which examines how the criminal negligence of a public health doctor is assessed. The research method used is legal dogmatics, which is used to interpret and systemize criminal law provisions. In addition, the method seeks to reformulate legal problems, to show new types of systemic connections and to structure aspects relevant to the solutions of the problem. After the introduction, the article looks at negligence in care work generally. It includes criminal negligence in general, the concept of unactual negligence (neglect of rescue) in brief, as well as the concepts of objective and subjective negligence. It then examines the criminal offences applicable to care work, such as negligent violation of official duty and the provisions relating to criminal offences against life and health, as well as negligence in the application of those criminal offences. The last chapter contains conclusions and a summary. It is worth noting that the criminal liability of a public health doctor in care work is much wider than that of a private doctor. This is because, when the public health doctor acts negligently, they are also in breach of their official duties. Violations of official duty do not require personal injury, unlike negligent offences against life and health. However, there is little exercise of public authority in care work, so the stricter responsibility of a public health doctor is poorly justified by the legislator.
Semaglutide (Wegovy)
Authors: CADTH
Published: October 2022

CADTH recommends that Wegovy should not be reimbursed by public drug plans for chronic weight management in adult patients.

Even though results from 4 clinical trials showed that patients treated with Wegovy for 68 weeks lost more body weight compared to those who received placebo, there was no evidence to show this weight loss translates to improvements in weight-related comorbidities (e.g., cardiovascular complications, osteoarthritis [the most common form of arthritis], and sleep apnea) because they were not studied.

Although results showed improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), the minimally important difference (MID) was not met, and it remains unknown if the differences were clinically meaningful.

Wegovy is effective for weight loss for up to 2 years with an acceptable side effect profile, but it is unclear whether it meets patient needs for reduced weight-related comorbidities and improved HRQoL.
A AVALIAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Santos Adnei da Silva Seixas , Reinehr Célia Celestino da Silva , Santos Danielle Auxiliadora Viana , Fernandes Joana D’arc Ferreira Moraes , Oliveira Maria Aparecida dos Santos , Silva Rosalina Almeida Pereira e
Published: October 2022

Este artigo possibilitou refletir sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem na educação infantil e assim garantir a existência de avaliação contínua nos centros de educação infantil estudados e compreender as percepções dos avaliadores. Além disso, procurou-se identificar a comunicação entre o professor e o aluno, conhecer os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados e as sugestões pedagógicas. Esse estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer um referencial teórico com fatores relevantes para a área. Em primeiro lugar, garantir a utilização predominante da avaliação formativa e, em segundo lugar, a necessidade de o projeto pedagógico e a avaliação terem um objetivo próximo. Outro ponto positivo é a interação constante e positiva entre alunos e professores, que atinge toda a comunidade escolar. E que essa comunicação assim como a renovação constante de professores e projetos pedagógicos é um pré-requisito para um ensino eficaz.
من قال عنه ابو داود ضعيف في سننه اعداد م. د. بيداء فرحان حمد
Authors:   كلية العلوم الاسلامية-  جامعة بغداد, فرحان حمد بيداء
Published: October 2022

لقد اقتصر البحث على من وصفه الإمام أبو داود في سننه بأنه ضعيف، لذلك لا يشتمل هذا البحث على الرواة الذين حملوا أوصافاً تدل على الضعف مثل الجهالة أو غيرها، كما لا يشتمل على الأحاديث التي وصفها الإمام بالضعف. وقد بلغ عدد الرواة الذين وصفهم الإمام أبو داود بالضعف ستة رواة، وكان منهجي أن أذكر قول الإمام أبي داود، ثم أنقل أقوال غيره من العلماء المتقدمين، وكذلك أقوال الإمام أبي داود في كتبه الأخرى إن وجدت لبيان مدى التوافق بين هذه الأقوال. ولقد توصلت الى النتائج الآتية: 1. وصف الإمام أبو داود ستة من رواة سننه بالضعف. 2. اتفق الإمام أبو داود مع غيره من العلماء في تضعيف ثلاثة رواة. 3. حصل خلاف بين الإمام أبي داود وبعض الأئمة في تضعيف ثلاثة رواة، وكان الراجح في هذا هو قول الإمام أبي داود. لم ترد أقواله التي ذكرها في سننه في كتبه الأخرى. الكلمات المفتاحية: ابو داود / ضعيف/ السنن/ الرواة
جهود العلماء في علم القراءات في القرن الخامس الهجري )٤٥٠هـ-٥٠٠هـ).
Authors:   جامعة أم القرى بمكة المكرمة, بن علي الحريصي د/أحمد
Published: October 2022

ملخـــص البحــــث البحث يشتمل الحديث عن جهود العلماء في علم القراءات في القرن الخامس الهجري من سنة ٤٥٠ - ٥٠٠هـ). ويسلط البحث الضوء على بعض المؤلفات المطبوعة التي ألفت في هذه الحقبة الزمنية وقدمت بمقدمة تحدثت فيها عن أهمية علم القراءات ، والحكمة منها ، وعن نشأة التأليف في القراءات ثم ذكرت المؤلفات المطبوعة في المنتصف الثاني من القرن الخامس الهجري وتبرز أهمية البحث لأنه يتحدث عن علم القراءات وعن المؤلفات فيه في هذه الحقبة الزمنية المهمة والتي عليها المعول لمن جاء بعدهم. وقد اتبعت في البحث المنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج التحليلي، وقد اقتضت خطة البحث أن تتكون من المقدمة: وتشتمل على الهدف من البحث وأسباب اختياره. والدراسات السابقة وأسئلة البحث ومصطلحات البحث والتمهيد: ويشتمل على: أهمية علم القراءات والحكمة منها. الفصل الأول: تاريخ التأليف في علم القراءات، وفيه مبحثان: المبحث الأول: نشأة التأليف في علم القراءات. المبحث الثاني: أهم المؤلفات في علم القراءات إلى بداية القرن الخامس الهجري. الفصل الثاني: أهم المؤلفات المطبوعة في علم القراءات في القرن الخامس الهجري من سنة ٤٥٠ إلى ٥٠٠ هـ. ثم ختمت البحث بفهرس للمصادر والمراجع. الكلمات المفتاحية/ جهود/ علماء/ قراءات
فاعليَّة تضافر معاني الأدوات النحويَّة في فهم الجملة العربيَّة دراسة لبعض الشواهد اللغويَّة
Authors:   جامعة ديالى  /  كليَّة التربية الأساسِيَّة, محـمد أسود قاسم
Published: October 2022

للأدوات النحويَّة (حروف المعاني) أهمِّيَّة كبيرة في فهم معاني الجمل العربيَّة، ويُعدُّ هذا البحث محاولة بسيطة لإظهار كيف وظَّف علماؤنا الأجلاَّء معاني هذه الأدوات لدى تفسيرهم للشواهد اللغويَّة، أي إنَّ التركيب النحويّ يعتمد بدرجة كبيرة على الأداة في تكوين المعنى داخل الجمل وتوظيف معاني هذه الأدوات النحويَّة في شرح الشواهد اللغويَّة وبيان دلالتها في سياقات استعمالها فيه وفاعليَّة تضافر معاني الأدوات النحويَّة يُعَدُّ أداة مُهِمَّة في فهم التركيب اللغويّ وصولاً إلى كشف معناه. ومن ثُمَّ يتَّضح من ذلك الأثر المعنوي لهذه الأدوات النحويَّة في الكلمة والجملة مبيِّنًا ما يستلزم وجود هذا الحرف أو ذاك من تغيُّر في علاقة المفردات وتوظيف معانيها داخل التركيب، فكلُّ حرفٍ يُزادُ في الصيغةِ أو الجُملة لا بُدَّ أن يُضيف معنى، ولا توجد زيادة لذات الزيادة، أي دون أن تُضيفَ معنىً.
المضامين التربوية المستنبطة من قول الله تعالى وَفِي السَّماءِ رِزْقُكُمْ وَما تُوعَدُونَالذاريات:22.
Authors:   كلية الشريعة والدراسات الإسلامية / جامعة الكويت, يعقوب يوسف صلاح
Published: October 2022

ملخـــص البحــــث يتلخص بحث "المضامين التربوية المستنبطة من قول الله تعالىوَفِي السَّماءِ رِزْقُكُمْ وَما تُوعَدُونَ في الحديث حول مفهوم المضامين التربوية في اللغة والاصطلاح، ودلالة "وفي السماء رزقكم" على ربوبية الله تعالى، من خلال أقوال المفسرين حول معنى السماء والرزق، والمضامين التربوية المستنبطة منها. وأيضا حول دلالة قوله تعالى "وما توعدون" على ألوهية الله تعالى، والمضامين التربوية المستنبطة منها، ثم الحديث عن دور المؤسسات التربوية في التعامل مع وعد الله تعالى من خلال بيان دور الأسرة والمدرسة والمسجد في ربط الأبناء وجمهور المسلمين بوعد الله تعالى. ونتج عن ذلك أن الرزق مكفول لجميع الخلق لمن أخذ بالأسباب المادية والمعنوية، وأن وعد الله لا يخلف لمن أخذ بأسبابه. الكلمات المفتاحية: المضامين –التربوية- المستنبطة- قول الله تعالى وَفِي السَّماءِ رِزْقُكُمْ وَما تُوعَدُونَ.
الْحُكْمُ الشَّرْعِيُّ لِلنَّصِيحَةِ
Authors: بن محمد السبيل عبدالملك
Published: October 2022

يتناول هذا البحث موضوع النصيحة، حيث تضمن البحث ما يلي: تمهيد: وبينت فيه معنى النصيحة في الكتاب والسنة، وأن المراد بها حسن القيام بالواجب، ثم بيان أهميتها، وتعريفها، والفرق بين النصيحة وما يشبهها، من الأمر بالمعروف، والإنكار، والتعيير والتأنيب، والغيبة والوصية. المبحث الأول: وتناولت فيه حكم النصيحة، وبيان أن حكمها باعتبار أن المراد بها توجيه النصيحة للغير قد يكون واجبا عينياً، أو كفائياً، أو يكون مستحباًـ أو مكروهاً، أو محرماً. المبحث الثاني: وفيه بيان مسوغات النصيحة، ومنها إبراء الذمة، وحماية جناب الشريعة، وحفظ الضروريات الشرعية، والرحمة بالمنصوح. والمبحث الثالث: وفيه بيان ضوابط النصيحة، وذكرت فيه أحد عشر ضابطاً. والمبحث الرابع: وفيه بيان لأنواع النصيحة باعتبارات عدة ، وهي: باعتبار الناصح، والمنصوح، والموضوع، والطريقة.
الأوجه الفقهية للإمام أبي الفياض البصري وأثرها في المذهب الشافعي، في أحكام العبادات
Authors:   جامعة بغداد/  كلية / العلوم الإسلامية, خالد رحال العُبيدي غازي
Published: October 2022

فإن الأوجه الفقهية الكثيرة التي قال بها أئمة الشافعية من الأهمية بمكان، ذلك لأن هذه الأوجه ما هي إلاَّ آراء فقهاء أجلاء بلغوا درجة عالية من العلم حتى صاروا من أصحاب الوجوه، ثم إن هذه الآراء هي أقوال أخرى تضاف إلى الثروة الفقهية التي حوتها كتب الفقه، ومنهم فقهاء الشافعية، فقد يختلف الفقهاء فيما بينهم، إما بسبب عدم وجود النص عن إمامهم في مسألة ما، أو أن تكون المسالة أصلاً: لا نص فيها، فيجتهد أصحاب الوجوه بإيجاد رأي لها، تخريجاً من نصوص إمامهم في مسائل أخرى مقاربة، أو فيها جهة مشابهة، أو استناداً على أصوله، أو قياساً على مسائل أخرى، أو غير ذلك من الأسباب، وقد يختلف الفقهاء الذين جاءوا بعد طبقة أصحاب الوجوه في أغلب الأحيان في ترجيح بعض الوجوه على بعض، وقد يُفتى ببعض الوجوه، وإن لم تكن راجحة في عصر ما، لأجل مصلحة ما، تناسب ذلك العصر، لكن هذا منوط بمن بلغ درجة عالية من العلم، ومن هذه الأوجه الكثيرة: ما قال به الإمام أبو الفياض البصري. الأوجه الفقهية التي قال بها الإمام أبو الفياض البصري، والمنقولة عنه، قليلة بالمقارنة مع غيره من أصحاب الوجوه، والمعول في نقلها، هو في الأساس من: كتاب الحاوي الكبير للإمام الماوَرْدي، البصري. ما نقل من أوجه فقهية عن الإمام أبي الفياض، تتنوع بين رأي فقهي محض، وهو الأغلب، وبين توجيه لنص الشافعي رحمه الله تعالى، وبيان ما هو المراد منه، أو بيان المقصود من بعض المسائل، وبين نقل المذهب، أو حكاية المذهب، كما أن الأوجه الفقهية المنقولة عنه، تشتمل على أنواع المسائل الفقهية، على قلتها، إذ فيها من مسائل العبادات، ومن الأحوال الشخصية، ومن المعاملات، ومن الجنايات والحدود، ومن الدعاوى والبينات.
دراسة تأصيلية لقواعد فقهية قضائية وتطبيقاتها في المذهب الحنبلي
Authors:   جامعة أم القرى, بن محمد السبيل عبدالمجيد
Published: October 2022

الحمد لله وحده، وبعد: فهذا بحث بعنوان: "دراسة تأصيلية لقواعد فقهية قضائية وتطبيقاتها في المذهب الحنبلي"، تناول فيه الباحث دراسة سبع قواعد فقهية قضائية معتبرة عند الحنابلة وغيرهم، وقد قام الباحث بشرح القاعدة شرحاً مختصراً، وذكر أدلتها، وتطبيقاتها في الفقه الحنبلي، ومستثنياتها إن وجدت. وتوصل الباحث في ختام بحثه لعدد من النتائج، منها: أهمية العناية بالقواعد القضائية، وحاجة القضاة وأعوانهم إليها، ومنها: حاجة طلاب العلم في الفقه الحنبلي لدراسة هذه القواعد على وفق المذهب، وإبراز تطبيقاتها عندهم، ومنها: أهمية القواعد محل الدراسة، وأثرها في الأحكام الفقهية في المذهب الحنبلي. كمايوصي الباحث بمزيد من العناية بدراسة القواعد الفقهية القضائية وإيراد تطبيقاتها في المذاهب الفقهية. الكلمات المفتاحية: القواعد الفقهية – القضاء- القواعد القضائية -المذهب الحنبلي
أنواع التفكير عند ابن القيم (التفكير التحليلي أنموذجا)
Authors:   جامعة أم القرى بمكة – مكة المكرمة, محمد ربعين عبدالرحمن
Published: October 2022

ملخـــص البحــــث يعد عقل الإنسان وقدرته على التفكير المركب خصيصة اختصه الله بها عن سائر مخلوقاته، وجاء الإسلام بالحث على إعمال العقل بالتفكر والتدبر والنظر في ملكوت الله وآياته ودينه، وجاء بجملة من التشريعات التي تصون العقل وتحميه من أن يقع في الخطأ أو الانحراف. يتناول هذا البحث أحد أهم مكونات الثقافات عمومًا والثقافة الإسلامية على وجه الخصوص وهو التفكير وما يتعلق به، وهو مكوّن جوهري ومؤثر في تعامل الإنسان مع الحياة من حوله وتشكيل هويته الخاصة، وهو كذلك مكون مؤثر في المجتمعات وتشكُّلِها وطبيعة حركتها. وأحد الطرق التي يمكن من خلالها إظهار هذه القضية هو دراسة الشخصيات البارزة والمؤثرة في تاريخ الثقافة والحضارة الإسلامية التي أسهمت بجهودها ومؤلفاتها في إثرائه وتنميته، فجاء هذا البحث ليسلط الضوء على أحد أبرز علماء المسلمين في تاريخ الثقافة الإسلامية ألا وهو الإمام ابن قيم الجوزية رحمه الله، ويركز البحث على أحد أنواع التفكير وهو التفكير التحليلي وأدواته من خلال مؤلفات ابن القيم في مختلف العلوم الإسلامية.
أُسْلُوْبُ القَوْلِ بالـمُوْجَبِ في القُرْآنِ الكَرِيْم تفسير ابن عاشور أنموذجًا
Authors:   جامعة أم القرى – كلية الدعوة وأصول الدين, بن محمد بن علي جابر وائل
Published: October 2022

تناولت في هذا البحث الحديث عن أسلوبٍ لطيفِ المبنى، عجيبِ المعنى، يتعلَّقُ بإحدى الطُرُقِ الخطابيَّة المسْلُوكة في القرآن الكريم من باب المحاجَّةِ للخصوم، وإبطالِ عِلَلِهِم وشُبَهِهِم، وإثباتِ المعنى المعاكس للخَصْمِ مع إرادة معنى عظيمٍ يُريْده الله تعالى، وهذا هو أُسْلُوْبُ (القَوْلِ بالـمُوْجَبِ). وسيتم تناول البحث من منظورٍ قرآنيّ يعتمدُ على دراسة أمثلةٍ منه، وجانبٍ في التناول تفسيريّ من خلال كتاب التحرير والتنوير للطاهر ابن عاشور المعروف بتفنُّنِهِ في مسائل البلاغة وأساليب الجدل. هذا مع التأصيل لهذه المسألة، وعلاقة العلوم الصِّناعية بها كأسلوبٍ قرآنيٍّ.
سياسة التشريع الاسلامي وأثرها في إشاعة قيم العدل ومحاربة الفساد
Authors:   الجامعة العراقية/ كلية التربية للبنات, علاوي خلف صبيحة
Published: October 2022

التشريع الاسلامي ومنذ بزوغ شمس الرسالة الخالدة ما انفك يرسخ للعدل والهدي القويم، ويمنع كل انحراف أو ظلم أو فساد، بمنظومة ربانية استدعت في منهجها خصائص التشريع بأسسه العامة وقابليته للتطور والتدرج والتمهيد بنزعة جماعية مستصحبا الجزاء الدنيوي والأخروي. وحين اعتدى المفسدون وتأخر المصلحون وغابت القيم ؛ تجرعت البشرية ويلات الظلم والضياع وتاهت عن المنهج الذي مصدره خالق الناس العالم بما يصلحهم في عاجل أمرهم وآجله. اليوم يستشري الفساد ويقنن له، أنها خطة فساد عالمية، تقف وراءها دول بمقدرات هائلة، تجر الشرق عموما ودولنا خصوصاً ؛ إلى حيث الهاوية.. مما يستدعي صحوة حقيقية لتشخيص ظاهرة الفساد وتحديد العلاج بمراحله واصلاح ما فسد بوضع الضوابط المناسبة وبيان وسائل محاربة الفساد، بتجفيف منابعه، لتبدأ من الرأس حتى القاعدة، وتسمية الفساد باسمه كونه جريمة لتحديد السلاح النافع له، بطرق حديثة تأخذ بيد الانسان الضائع وترده إلى جادة الصواب, فالفساد لا مكان له في نظام الاسلام، والفاسد لا يفلت من عدالة التشريع الاسلامي مهما كانت مكانته.
جهود الشّيخ الأحـمديان في التّفسيـر، ومنهجه فيه
Authors:   كلية العلوم الإسلامية جامعة السليمانية, أحمد محمد عبدالله , محمد صالح .د.آراس ,   كلية العلوم الإسلامية جامعة السليمانية
Published: October 2022

لقد ساهمت الشّعوب الـمختلفة في بناء الحضارة الإسلاميّة من خلال إنجازات وإبداعات أفراد من أبنائها، ومن بينها الشّعب الكرديّ على وجه الخصوص، قام علماؤها بتقديم خدمات جديدة وجليلة للقرآن الكريم الجديرة بالإهتمام، ومن هذا الـمنطلق لايخفى أنّ الشيخ الأحمديان بتفسيره قدّم خدمة كبيرة لكتاب اللّه الـمجيد، وإنّ أسلوبه متميّز بالحداثة والجديّة والـموضوعيّة، ويمثّل إستجابة حيّة لحاجة الشّعب الكردي الـمسلم، لذلك ولأهميّة تفسيره قمت في هذا البحث بإظهار منهج الأحمديان في تفسيره، من ناحية تناول تفسيره للقرآن بالقرآن، ثمّ بالسنّة وأقوال الصّحابة والتّابعين، مع شرح منهجه في الإختيار والتّـرجيح، ومنهجه في النّقد.
An evaluation of the U.S. EPA’s correction equation for Purple Air Sensor data in smoke, dust and wintertime urban pollution events
Authors: Jaffe Daniel , Miller Colleen , Thompson Katie , Nelson Manna , Finley Brandon , Ouimette James , Andrews Elisabeth
Published: October 2022

Abstract. PurpleAir Sensors (PASs) are low-cost tools to measure fine particulate matter (PM) concentrations and are now widely used, especially in regions with few regulatory monitors. However, the raw PAS data have significant biases, so the sensors must be calibrated to generate accurate data. The U.S. EPA recently developed a national correction equation and have integrated corrected PAS data onto its AirNow website. This integration results in much better spatial coverage for PM2.5 across the U.S. The goal of our study is to evaluate the EPA correction equation for three different types of aerosols: typical urban wintertime aerosol, smoke from biomass burning, and mineral dust. We identified 50 individual pollution events, each having a peak hourly PM2.5 concentration of at least 47 µg m-3 and a minimum of 3 hours over 40 µg m-3 and characterize the primary aerosol type as either typical urban, smoke or dust. For each event, we paired an PAS sampling outside air with a nearby regulatory PM2.5 monitor to evaluate the agreement. All 50 events show statistically significant correlations (R values between 0.71–1.00) between the hourly PAS and regulatory data, but with varying slopes. Using the standard EPA correction for the typical urban and smoke aerosols, we find average slopes of 1.00 and 0.99, respectively. This means that the standard EPA correction is highly effective at generating accurate data for these aerosol types. For heavy smoke events, we find a small change in the slope at very high PM2.5 concentrations (>600 µg m-3), suggesting a ~20 % under-estimate in the corrected PAS data at these extremely high concentrations. For dust events, while the PAS and regulatory data still show significant correlations, the PAS data using the standard correction underestimates the true PM2.5 by a factor of 5–6. We also examined several years of co-located regulatory and PAS data from a site near Owens Lake, CA, which experiences high concentrations of PM2.5 due to both smoke and dust. For this site we find similar results as above; the PAS corrected data are accurate in smoke, but are too low by a factor of 5–6 in dust. Using these data we also find that the ratios of PAS measured PM10 to PM1 mass and 0.3 µm to 5 µm particle counts are significantly different for dust compared to smoke. Given the ability of the PAS data to identify dust aerosols, we propose a modified correction algorithm that significantly improves the PAS data for dust events.
El mecenazgo de don Íñigo López de Mendoza, V marqués de Mondéjar, en la Alhambra de Granada, a través de la documentación de archivo
Authors: Galera Mendoza Esther
Published: October 2022

Felipe IV restituyó la alcaidía de la Alhambra a la Casa de Mondéjar en 1624 tras un breve periodo de tiempo en el que estuvo en manos del duque de Uceda. La alcaidía se restauró en cabeza de Íñigo López de Mendoza, V marqués de Mondéjar, que vivió desde entonces en la Alhambra de forma continuada acompañado de algunos familiares y de un modesto servicio. En la Alhambra llevó a cabo diversas iniciativas en materia de arte, arquitectura, y jardines, según el gusto barroco imperante en Europa. Reunió una importante colección artística que formaba parte de la decoración de su palacio de la Alhambra –e incluso de los palacios reales– y que conocemos gracias al inventario realizado tras su fallecimiento en 1646.
Del archivo al documento y vuelta a empezar. La cultura de lo escrito en el Hospital de la Vera Cruz en Medina de Pomar
Authors: Vírseda Bravo Marta
Published: October 2022

El archivo del Hospital de la Vera Cruz, en la localidad de Medina de Pomar, cuenta con dos documentos relativos al momento de su fundación y las constituciones establecidas por la familia Velasco para la nueva institución hospitalaria. Si bien ampliamente conocidos dentro de la historiografía relativa a la arquitectura del linaje familiar, nuestra propuesta busca observar estos documentos de archivo como objetos culturales que nos conduzcan a reflexionar sobre las prácticas, usos y representación de la cultura escrita dentro del complejo arquitectónico.
Thinking Onto the Box: The Photographer’s Archive as Instrument
Authors: Hardy-Vallée Michel
Published: October 2022

Studies of photographic archives have tended to follow two distinct models: analyses of institutional archives as systems of knowledge and power, or close readings of objects informed by theories of material culture. Art historical research, in contrast, also seeks to determine intentional meanings behind images or artefacts. The archive of a photographer can thus be approached along three different angles: as a system for filing images and their meanings; as a collection of material objects; finally, as traces of use that correspond to specific intentional acts by the artist directed towards the production of artworks. In an art historical context, the archive can be read as a means towards an end. This paper presents a case study of Canadian photographer John Max (1936-2011) and his use of the archive to produce the landmark sequence Open Passport (exhibited 1972; published 1973). Using both documentary and material evidence shows how John Max’s photographic artworks are specified through a process of materially realized editorial decisions more than by the moment of exposure. These decisions in turn are mediated by material features of the archive, such as traces of previous choices on contact sheets. Finally, this mediating role of the archive is also socialized, integrating both collaborators and existing ideas, pointing at the necessity of a networked narrative in monographic studies of photographers.
Enterrar los archivos. El paisaje entrópico de la preservación en el Time Capsule, Kassel de Akram Zaatari
Authors: Grigoriadou Eirini
Published: October 2022

En el proyecto Time Capsule, Kassel (2012) del artista Libanés Akram Zaatari, el gesto simbólico de enterrar bajo tierra la Arab Image Foundation (AIF) –esta arquitectura archivística de imágenes fotográficas–, nos invita a reflexionar críticamente sobre la función de la institución artística y su discurso, sobre el valor científico del archivo y los límites de su preservación visual. Analizaremos el modo en que Zaatari reactiva gestos arqueológicos en el campo artístico con el fin de explorar el desplazamiento de los objetos coleccionados a través de diferentes contextos y de reinterpretar los conceptos de «colección» y «preservación» institucional en tiempos de conflicto. En este archivo geológico, donde se reivindica la necesidad de la ceguera ¿es la posteridad la condición de que se pueda ver lo que en el presente es inaccesible a la visión? Dicho de otro modo: tal vez sea precisamente esta imposibilidad de ver, la propia ceguera actual, lo que albergue al final la posibilidad de un futuro renacer, donde el archivo, desenterrado, pueda ser re-imaginado en la riqueza de sus múltiples significados.
Music and Movement in Hong Kong Kindergartens: Teachers’ Preparation, Perceived Usefulness, Confidence, and Readiness
Authors: Bautista Alfredo , Ho Yan-Lam
Published: October 2022

Few large-scale studies have examined how prepared early childhood educators feel to teach music and movement to young children. This paper is part of a survey study conducted with 1,019 Hong Kong kindergarten teachers. We investigated their prior music and movement educational experiences (extracurricular activities, pre-service courses, in-service professional development), their perceived usefulness of such experiences, as well as their perceived confidence and readiness to teach music and movement in kindergartens. Differences according to teaching experience and educational qualifications were analyzed. Findings reveal the need to strengthen teachers’ preparation in music and movement, especially among beginning educators. Limitations are discussed.
Aróstegui, J. L., Rusinek, G., & Fernández-Jiménez, A. (Eds.). (2021). Escuelas musicales. Buenas prácticas docentes en centros de Primaria y Secundaria que educan a través de la música. Ediciones Octaedro
Authors: Serrano Rosa M.
Published: October 2022

Reseña de la obra de Aróstegui, J. L., Rusinek, G., & Fernández-Jiménez, A. (Eds.). (2021). Escuelas musicales. Buenas prácticas docentes en centros de Primaria y Secundaria que educan a través de la música. Ediciones Octaedro
The anatomy of citizen science projects in information systems
Authors: Dang Duong , Mäenpää Teemu , Mäkipää Juho-Pekka , Pasanen Tomi
Published: October 2022

Citizen science is an emerging approach for conducting research in the field of information systems. It refers to the participation of individuals with various backgrounds in research projects. It is necessary to match research implementation closely with plans because the anatomy of a citizen science project is quite complex. The literature shows that managing a long-term citizen science project is an even more complex task. To obtain a coherent understanding of citizen science in the field of information systems, we conducted a systematic literature review on the topic for which we used all the major information systems journals and conference proceedings. We devised the episode framework which consists of four blocks: design of pillars, the episodes of CS implementation, adjustment of activities, and post-implementation. The framework emphasizes the Weinhardt division of the project into separate episodes which are sequentially ordered but which we need to run in parallel because of the dynamic nature of a citizen science project when participants can join and leave freely. Moreover, in some projects, participants can take on different roles, which complicates project management further.
Investigation of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody presence with indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Authors: Gür Vural Demet , Tanrıverdi Çaycı Yeliz , Bilgin Kemal , Çoban Çağrı , Birinci Asuman
Published: October 2022

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are a family of autoantibodies that react with proteins expressed mainly in cytoplasmic granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMNs). The ANCA test is used to diagnose small vessel vasculitis and to monitor inflammatory activity. ANCA was initially detected using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), which allowed differentiation of different patterns, such as p-ANCA (perinuclear) and c-ANCA (cytoplasmic). It is now common to detect antibodies by immunochemical assays using purified proteins, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). In our study, we evaluated ANCA test results studied with IIF and ELISA methods and recorded patient diagnoses in the system. Serum samples of 4524 patients who were thought to have autoimmunity in their etiology were evaluated for ANCA presence. In accordance with the recommendation of the manufacturer (Euroimmun AG, Lübeck, Germany), serum IFA technique was evaluated for the presence of p-ANCA, c-ANCA. ELISA test (Alegria, Orgentec) was used to detect antibodies against MPO and PR3. The number of ANCA IIF positive patients was 525(11.6%). When we look at the distribution of ANCAs, 275(52.5%) formalin sensitive pANCA, 95 (18%) formalin resistant pANCA, 60 formalin sensitive cANCA(11.5%), 95(18%) formalin resistant cANCA. 18 (3.4%) of ANCA IIFA positives had PR3 antigen and 22 (4.1%) had significant antibody elevation against MPO antigen., ANCA IIF positive samples, according to the diagnosis of information registered in the operating system, consist of 424 (80.8%) autoimmune and inflammatory diseases according to disease groups, 36 (6.9%) malignancies, 18 (3.4%) infectious diseases, 47 (8.9%) are other diseases which are not included in these groups. ANCA is a determinant for many diseases, especially vasculitis. ANCA, which we found in a large number of different disease groups, was found to be an indicator that should be used in the diagnosis and follow-up of many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Protective effects of tropisetron on diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy and apoptosis in the left ventricle of rats
Authors: NADERI Roya , SHIRPOOR Alireza , SAMADI Mahrokh , MAJD Farideh Nezami , RASMI Yousef , BAGHERI Morteza
Published: October 2022

Tropisetron, an antagonist of 5-HT3 receptor (5-HT3R), has exhibited a number of beneficial effects on the treatment of several diseases; however, its effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy, which is an important causal factor in morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients, remains to be fully elucidated. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of tropisetron on diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy and the molecular mediators possibly involved. Twenty-four male wistar rats were assigned into three groups, control, diabetic, and tropisetron–treated diabetic groups. After 14 days of treatment, the results revealed a significant increase in calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseIIδ (CaMKIIδ) total and isoforms δ2 and δ3 of CaMKIIδ, as well as myosin heavy chain (MHC)-β. Furthermore, it decreased MHC-α gene expression among the diabetic group compared to the control group. Western blot analysis showed a significant increase in Bax and cleaved caspase 3 protein levels and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 contents in heart tissue of diabetic rats in comparison to the control rats. Moreover, the levels of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), ICAM-1, and CaMKII in heart tissue of diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control rats. Significant amelioration of alteration in the genes expression and protein changes along with restoration of the elevated levels of TNF-α, ICAM-1, and CaMKII were found in the tropisetron–treated diabetic group compared to the diabetic group. Collectively, our study provided strong evidence that 5-HT3 antagonist tropisetron was capable of attenuating the development of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy associated with the reduction of intramyocardial MHCs and CaMKIIδ gene expression, inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy.
The place of smartphone applications ın emergency medicine
Authors: AKKUŞ Şeyma , AKÇA Ali Haydar , GİZLİ Gizem
Published: October 2022

Medical mobile applications help improve patient care quality, reduce medical errors, and help physicians make faster, evidence-based decisions in patient care, follow-up and rehabilitation. In this study, it was aimed to determine the usage level of smart phone applications among emergency physicians, to investigate the effects of these applications on diagnosis and treatment, to examine their benefits, to determine the expectations regarding these applications, and to raise awareness on ethical issues. Between 02/25/2018 and 03/25/2018 emergency medicine residents in many provinces of Turkey, emergency medicine specialists, were investigated smartphone app to be used in practice with academics. A statistically significant difference was found between emergency medicine experience and mobile application use (p: 0.020). Most of the physicians surveyed had started using their first mobile apps 4 years ago. It was determined that most of the participants using mobile applications in the medical field were using them as a clinical decision tool. It was observed that those with visual expressions were mostly preferred in the use of mobile applications in the medical field (63.1%). It was determined that 75% of the participants found instant messaging applications useful in the professional field. The biggest problem identified in terms of medical ethics of mobile medical applications; was the thought of a violation of patient privacy. Although technological devices make our lives easier in many ways, examination is of great importance in the patient-physician relationship. Medical mobile applications should be prepared professionally and the content quality should be checked by experts. Due to the nature of current research, it is inevitable that technologies become outdated. There is a need for more comprehensive and up-to-date studies on this subject that appeal to large audiences.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute appendicitis cases
Authors: BÜYÜKAKİNCAK Sercan , TURAN Musa , ATEŞ Gökay , MATARACI Emine , AYDIN Altan
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has affected healthcare systems around the world, and has led to changes in the clinical and treatment approaches to all diseases. To reveal the reflection and negative effects of the psychological trauma associated with the COVID-19 pandemic among those with acute appendicitis. A retrospective analysis is made of the data of patients admitted to the emergency departments in our city (Trabzon, Turkey) and taken into operation. Comparative analysis of two patient groups diagnosed with acute appendicitis in our region was included in our study: In the COVID-19 pandemic period (Group 2); and on the same dates a year ago (Group 1). Groups 1 and 2 comprised 231 and 144 patients, respectively (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the type of anesthesia between the groups (p=0.280). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of median duration of surgery (p=0.239). There was a statistically significant difference in the pathological diagnoses of Groups 1 and 2 (p<0.001). Considering the pathological diagnoses, a significant difference was established in the duration of hospital stay of the cases, which was longer in patients diagnosed with perforated appendicitis (p<0.001). It is apparent that during the COVID-19 outbreak, hospitals are associated with increased transmission risk, causing people to delay their referral to the emergency department, and leading to an increase in irreversible complications and mortality rates.
Pediatric intensive care unit tracheostomy experiences in Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine
Authors: METE Cem , AKÇA Gülfer , AKÇA Ünal , YENER Nazik
Published: October 2022

In this study; patients who underwent conventional tracheostomy while being followed up on a mechanical ventilator with endotracheal intubation in their pediatric intensive care unit were evaluated retrospectively. It was aimed to share the positive changes observed in clinical-mechanical ventilator parameters with the literature. Study data were obtained from the hospital information management system and recorded in the "Child Patient Evaluation Form with Tracheostomy" as follows: Demographic data, diagnosis of admission to pediatric intensive care unit, indications for mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy, changes in post-procedure mechanical ventilation parameters, tracheostomy complications, decannulation, survival and death rates etc. Post-discharge medical records were created by telephone interviews with parents. IBM SPSS 21 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program was used for statistical analysis. In our study; the most common indication (67.0%) for tracheostomy was the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation. Peak inspiratory pressure requirement on mechanical ventilator decreased statistically and tidal volume increased significantly in those who underwent tracheostomy due to prolonged mechanical ventilation requirement (both p<0.001). On the other hand, the mean length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit after the procedure was statistically significantly shorter (p<0.001). Decannulation success was statistically significantly higher in those who underwent tracheostomy due to upper airway obstruction (p<0.02). In our study; only four (6.2%) patients died due to tracheotomy (cannula occlusion, unplanned decannulation, etc.). Clinicians should consider tracheostomy if extubation cannot be achieved in children and adolescents who have been given mechanical ventilation for a long time (>2-4 weeks) due to progressive primary disease. Tracheotomy should definitely be performed within appropriate medical indications in order to shorten the length of stay in the hospital/Pediatric intensive care unit and to provide medical care outside the hospital (e.g.; a suitable home environment) in order to create general psychosocial-physical well-being in the patients.
Laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery for 65 age and elderly patients: A single center experience
Authors: ZENGİN Akile , BAG Yusuf Murat , AYDIN Mehmet Can , SÜMER Fatih , KAYAALP Cüneyt
Published: October 2022

Therapeutic modalities for elderly gastric cancer (GC) patients have enlarged with extended life expectancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of surgical therapies for GC patients of age 65 and older with a single center experience. Eighty-eight patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for GC were included in the study. The relationships between surgical methods and clinicopathological or prognostic features were analyzed. The median age of the patients was 72 (65-91) years. Sixty patients (75%) were male. The median BMI was 25 kg/m2 (17.5-42). The most common ASA score was 2 (n=58, 72.5%) and tumors were mostly localized in the distal 1/3 of the stomach (n=39, 48.7%). The median CEA and CA19-9 levels were 1.94 ng/ml(0.07-93.8)and 10IU/ml (0.05-449.3), respectively. Eleven patients (13.8%) hadprevious abdominal surgery history. The most common operation type was subtotal gastrectomy (n=33, 41.3%). The median operation time was 300 min (45-720) and the median intraoperative blood loss was 100 ml (0-800). There were eleven conversion (13.8%). The median first time to oral intake was 2 days (1-10) and length of hospital stay was 7 days (1-48). Postoperative serious complications occurred in fourteen (17.5%) patients. The mean of retrieved lymph node was 30.27 ± 17.08. The most common pathological T stage was T4 (53.75%). The mediantime to chemotherapy was 41 days (6-220). Laparoscopic gastric surgery is a safe and feasible method that can be performed in elderly patients with appropriate oncological principles. The risk of surgery is substantially higher in elderly patients. Therefore, maximal attention should be paid to perioperative care for the prevention and treatment of perioperative complications.
The role of paraaortic lymphadenectomy along with sentinel mapping in clinically uterine confined intermediate-high risk endometrial cancer
Authors: TOKGOZOGLU Nedim , SAHIN Orhan , TASCI Tolga , DOKUZEYLUL GUNGOR Nur
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to find out whether sentinel algorithm can be sufficient in clinically uterine confined intermediate-high risk endometrial cancer. Detailed pathology characteristics and follow-up records of the 70 intermediate-high risk endometrial cancer patients were identified. Outcomes of patients who are performed sentinel algorithm and sentinel mapping followed by systematic pelvic and paraaortic lymph node dissection were compared. All patients who had obvious extrauterine disease in preoperative and intraoperative evaluation were excluded. Sentinel mapping is performed with methilene blue and cervical injection. 66 patients were identified (sentinel algorithm group, 25; Paraaortic lymph node dissection group, 45). Paraaortic lymph node dissection group had more high grade patients (p=0.02). The mean number of lymph nodes harvested was 11.3 and 36.9, respectively, in sentinel algorithm group and paraaortic lymph node dissection group(p<0.001) and there was more lymph node metastasis in paraaortic lymph node dissection group (12% and 31,7%; p=0.07). 84% in the sentinel algorithm group and 92.7% in the paraaortic lymph node dissection group, respectively, received adjuvant therapy (p=0.02). Overall, four patients recurred within the first three year following surgery, two patients had systematic multiple metastasis and both of them died due to disease. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of overall survival (p = 0.252), disease specific survival (p = 0.10) and disease-free survival (p = 0.577). The mean follow-up period was calculated as 29.33 months. To date, there is no prospective study focused on whether sentinel lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer is sufficient for management of moderate high-risk endometrial cancer and to establish the necessity of paraaortic lymphadenectomy in this patient group. Our study indicates that for clinically uterine confined intermediate-high risk endometrial cancer patients sentinel lymph node algorithm can be sufficient. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Determination of the healthcare satisfaction of the parents staying in the hospital with their children diagnosed COVID-19 towards family-centered care
Authors: UNALDI BAYDIN Nihal , UZSEN Hatice , TURAL BUYUK Esra , TUNCER UNVER Gamze , ERDENİZ Emine Hafize
Published: October 2022

To determine the healthcare satisfaction of the parents staying in the hospital with their children diagnosed Covid-19 towards family-centered care and to determine the relationship between them. This was a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional type study. Data were collected in a pediatric outpatient clinic of a university hospital between March-June 2021. The universe of the study consisted of 141 parents, and the calculated sample size was 59. The study was completed with 64 parents. Data of the study were collected in the light of literature by using Sociodemographic Information Form, The Family-Centered Care Scale and The Pediatric Quality of Life Healthcare Satisfaction Inventory. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 statistical package program. The ethics approval was taken from the clinical research ethics committee of the relevant university. The mean score of the parents from the Family-Centered Care Scale was 60.58±8.77, the mean PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Inventory score of the parents was found to be 71.75±24.21. A positive and moderate level of correlation was found between the Family-Centered Care Scale and PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Inventory and their subscales. It was found that nurses helped families and children to feel well cared for; however, they did not get the opinions of the family at a sufficient level while planning care. In the study, the healthcare satisfaction of the parents was at an adequate level. Besides, it was determined that the opinions of parents regarding family-centered care positively affected their satisfaction.