bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The retention features of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds in reversed-phase and hydrophilic HPLC-MS modes
Authors: Grinevich Oksana I. , Sholokhova Anastasia Yu. , Matyushin Dmitriy D.
Published: August 2024

Aromatic five- and six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are biologically active substances and are widely used in biochemistry and medicine. In addition, such compounds are known as ecotoxicants formed during oxidation processes in industrial wastewater. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is widely used to determine nitrogen-containing heterocycles in various complex mixtures. Octadecyl silica gel is the main sorbent for chromatographic separation. However, octadecyl silica gel does not always enable satisfactory separation in the presence of highly polar isomeric molecules, and more selective chromatographic approaches are required. One of these is hydrophilic chromatography, which facilitates the separation of polar compounds.
The aim of the study was to comparatively characterize the retention of a number of five- and six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds during reversed-phase and hydrophilic liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. In addition, spectrophotometric detection at a wavelength of 210 nm was carried out. In the study, we used sorbents based on octadecyl silica gel and unmodified silica gel. High-resolution mass spectrometry was used in the electrospray ionization mode. We studied 19 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. We used aqueous acetonitrile mobile phases with added aqueous solutions of formic acid and diethylamine as acid-base modifiers. An ammonium formate solution was used as a modifier during hydrophilic chromatography. Reversed-phase chromatography showed that the introduction of 0.1% aqueous formic acid solution increased the ionization and the mass spectrometer signal intensity, but did not always result in a satisfactory separation of isomers upon elution from the octadecyl silica gel surface. The introduction of 0.01% diethylamine solution provided no significant improvement in the separation compared to the mobile phase without modifiers. The use of unmodified silica gel in hydrophilic chromatography mode allowed us to separate isomeric five-membered heterocycles, which was demonstrated by narrow symmetric peaks, but did not result in selective separation of isomeric diazines.
Thus, we studied the retention of 19 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds using reversed-phase and hydrophilic liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation. It was determined that hydrophilic chromatography on unmodified silica gel could be used for satisfactory separation of isomeric five-membered heterocyclic compounds of different classes. For six-membered heterocycles, satisfactory separation was achieved by elution from the surface of octadecyl silica gel using aqueous acetonitrile mobile phase without modifiers.
Ученый как городской житель: кто приносит природу в наши квартиры?
Authors: Неаполитанский Максимилиан Сергеевич
Published: August 2024

Автор анализирует отношения науки и города, в которых наука выступает оператором природы. С ориентацией на проблемы публичной научной коммуникации проводится исследование того, какую роль в этих отношениях играет ученый. Выдвигается тезис о том, что в коммуникации природного (натурального) и городского (культурного) ученый занимает амбивалентную позицию. С одной стороны, ученый выступает «представителем» природы тем, кто вещает от лица фактов, имея доступ к объективному и натурализованному знанию. Будучи городским жителем, ученый участвует в процессах репрезентации природного мира и влияет на то, какой будет природа для города. С другой стороны, ученый задействован в создании инновационной, «технической» природы самого города, предполагающей использование техники, аппаратов, интерфейсов, лабораторий и систем записей. Город как место инноваций закрепляет городскую идентичность ученого, создавая разрыв между его «стремлением» к природе, которое является обязательным в общестНеаполитанский венных представлениях о науке, и его встроенностью в технократические процессы. Анализируя этот разрыв, автор обращается к исторической составляющей научной и городской жизни, используя идеи социолога Б. Латура и ряда других авторов. Итогом исследования становится тезис о важности рефлексивного изменения режимов природно-городского континуума, способных благотворно влиять на отношения природы, города, технологий, науки и человека.
Непослушное животное в социо-био-технической среде: между STS и animal studies
Authors: Смирнов Илья Владимирович
Published: August 2024

У животных и технологий много общего. С одной стороны, они наделяются непререкаемой властью над социальным согласно технологическому и биологическому детерминизму. С другой стороны, они редуцируются к инструментальным функциям и культурным символам в социальном конструктивизме. Однако при всех этих операциях мы все же говорим: «Они разные» — границы между природой, технологиями, а также обществом остаются незыблемыми. Однако социальные исследования науки и техники (STS) и современная философия постгуманизма предпринимают попытки размыть эти границы. Исследователи полагают, что технические устройства не являются таким функциональным и аполитичным воплощением рациональности, какими мы привыкли их воспринимать. Каждая отдельная технология имеет свою индивидуальную судьбу: в зависимости от окружающей среды они могут сопротивляться замыслу разработчика, обрастать культурными значениями и практиками, не функционировать вовсе или участвовать в распределении властных отношений, становясь полноценным действующим лицом социальных процессов. При этом такой подход размывает границы не только между социальным и техническим, но и природным вместе с ними. В данной статье автор предпринимает попытку привнести логику STS в исследования животных. Ранее животные были исключительно частью природы, познание которой человеком делает их подконтрольными и предсказуемыми. Вместо этого на пересечении STS и animal studies представители фауны также становятся полноценными акторами социальных процессов, что выражается в их агентности, собственной изменчивости и способности трансформировать других акторов — людей, технологии и др. Можно предположить, что подобная гибридность становится возможной в высокотехнологичной среде вроде городского пространства. В действительности даже в дикой природе животные могут быть представлены как субъект не только биологический, но и социальный и даже технический. Технологии (общество, город, наука) и природа перестают быть противостоящими друг другу полюсами — это гетерогенная социобиотехническая среда, которая всегда была такой.
Memes as Satire in Romanian Political Culture
Authors: Sandu Maria Anca
Published: August 2024

The aim of this paper is to define political memes as belonging to the genre of political satire and part of Romanian political culture, to outline their characteristics and functionality, and to indicate that the phenomenon of political meme-sharing is a cultural phenomenon with growing significance based on the highly affective usage of memes that allow for the recontextualization of past political events in accordance with the new realities of the Romanian political and cultural space. Using the case study that is included, which takes into account how the awareness of the political context is the basis of the memes and the features of the memes themselves, the author shows that memes can be considered a type of informal, non-conventional form of political participation and considers this in relation to the political landscape of a post-communist country, thus determining that memes are a novel element that should be considered when dealing with civic culture at large, and digital civic culture specifically.
Re-queer lo queer en la traducción
Authors: Evangelista Lily Martinez , Barbosa M. Emilia , Braddy Jon
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo explorar la traducción de textos queer por medio de la perspectiva de les traductores, analizando cuestiones de identidad e interpretación. En concreto, argumentamos que es importante exponerles a les traductores en formación las teorías sociales que promueven igualdad, para entender en profundidad por qué es relevante el perfil de les traductores que trabajan con textos que contienen implicaciones de activismo social, como también analizar el material, la causa, la teoría y los sujetos en análisis. Reflexionamos sobre cuestiones que van de la mirada dirigida a una lectura de textos queer, hasta desafíos globales con raíces en el poscolonialismo y los retos a los que les hacen frente les traductores de textos queer en el siglo XXI. Aunque el activismo por medio de las comunidades queer continúa, ya que no todes tenemos los mismos derechos ni recibimos igual tratamiento en nuestro día a día, una necesidad salta a la vista entre les investigadores, y esa es la de que, ahora que la teoría queer ha hecho circular con éxito conceptos globales queer, hemos de poner en evidencia en nuestras traducciones las formas de expresar identidades queer con todas sus diferencias y especificidades locales, y, de esta forma, utilizar la traducción para re-queer los conceptos globales, trayendo las inscripciones locales al discurso queer.
fantasma no terceiro andar
Authors: Campara Giovanna Camila
Published: August 2024

Definido por suas incontáveis particularidades, o gênero gótico literário é empregado em Jane Eyre de Charlotte Brontë de forma bastante característica. Além das temáticas e traços comuns ao gótico, Brontë subverte algumas das convenções do gênero e cria um enredo considerado vanguardista. À vista disso, é necessário entender como um dos pilares mais importantes e intrincados da obra foi adaptado e traduzido para o português brasileiro. Por isso, o presente artigo objetiva analisar como o aspecto gótico em Jane Eyre foi traduzido no Brasil, através de uma comparação entre duas diferentes traduções do romance, uma de 1942 de Sodré Viana e outra de 2014 de Anna e Carlos Duarte. Nesse sentido, nós realizamos a pesquisa por meio de uma metodologia qualitativa, que se baseou numa investigação bibliográfica e uma análise de um corpus paralelo bilíngue. O estudo, portanto, foi alicerçado principalmente nos postulados de Toury (2012), Bezerra (2012), Cavallaro (2002), Lanzetti (2006) e Smith (2013). Assim, dispusemos ambas as traduções lado a lado e comparamos as abordagens utilizadas por cada tradutor. Desse modo, ao final do artigo, concluímos que a versão de 2014 preserva de maneira mais livre o aspecto gótico presente na obra de Brontë, já que há mais instâncias de manutenção e até mesmo intensificação. A tradução de 1942, por outro lado, provavelmente sofreu com limitações de sua época e teve uma parte do romance alterada, sacrificando certos aspectos do gótico.
Proposta de tradução do conto “Il pigiama del moralista”, de Amalia Guglielminetti
Authors: Chiarini Ana Maria , Faria Maria Luiza Gomes de
Published: August 2024

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Podem ser brancos e livres os versos de uma poeta preta e escravizada?
Authors: Clarindo Adrian , Fonseca Luciana Carvalho
Published: August 2024

Este artigo busca apresentar uma tradução de um poema de Phillis Wheatley Peters, autora afro-americana do século XVIII, por meio de uma abordagem tradutória que leva em conta as circunstâncias da vida da autora. Apresentaremos brevemente a história de Phillis Wheatley, e uma possibilidade de tradução de seu poema “On being brought from Africa to America”. Defendemos um método de tradução que não seja descolado dos contextos vividos pela autora nem demasiadamente apegado a determinadas métricas e tradições. O que propomos é uma abordagem tradutória que ouve (Derrida) os silêncios falados (Bakhtin) do poema e da história de Phillis Wheatley em um diálogo amoroso (Carrascosa) com a autora; algo que nos possibilita subverter tradições e problematizar formas fixas.
Investigation of the Effect of Temperature on the Biofuel Performance of Hydrochar Obtained from Kidney Bean Shell
Authors: Yıldız Uzun Zeynep
Published: August 2024

In this study, hydrochar products were obtained from kidney bean shell (KBS) biomass at different temperatures using the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method. Hydrochar products were produced at three different temperatures (200, 220 and 240 C) and a holding time of 90 minutes. Biomass/water ratio was taken as 1:10. Analysis techniques such as Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Ultimate analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used in the characterization of raw materials and hydrochar products. In addition, the fuel properties (high heating value, energy yield and energy densification ratio) of raw KBS and hydrochar products were also investigated. As the HTC temperature increases, the high heating value of hydrochar products increases. Among hydrochar products, the highest high heating value belongs to the product obtained at 240 C. The combustion behavior of raw and hydrochar a product was examined using the thermogravimetric analysis method and combustion parameters (Ti, Tb and Tm) were determined. As a result, this study has shown that the hydrochar product produced from KBS by hydrothermal carbonization method can be used as a biofuel material.
Energy Production From Flue Gas of Sinter Plant Circular Coolers
Authors: Akçali Tuba Nur , Koç Yıldız , Köse Özkan
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmada karbon emisyonlarının kritik seviyelere ulaşması ve fosil yakıt kaynaklarının azalması nedeniyle sinter tesisinde enerji yoğun sistemlerin dairesel soğutucularından atmosfere salınan atık ısının çevre dostu geri kazanım teknolojilerinden faydalanılması amaçlanmaktadır. Sinter tesisi enerji atık ısısının geri kazanımı için organik Rankine çevrimi (ORC) seçilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamındaki kütle akış hızları, brüt güç, pompanın güç tüketimi ve net güç çıkışını içeren performans metrikleri, bir yıl boyunca egzoz gazındaki değişimler dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmektedir. Sistemin enerji ve ekserji analizleri yapılarak her ay için maksimum performans değerleri belirlendi. Bu, 7,5 bar ile 36 bar arasında değişen basınçlar arasında çalışan, ORC içerisinde organik sıvı olarak R123 kullanılarak elde edildi. Sonuç olarak en yüksek net güce ağustos ayında ulaşılmış ve ekserji verimi %63 olarak belirlenmiştir. Atık enerjinin geri dönüşümü, sinter soğutucu sistem fanlarının elektrik tüketimini karşılamanın yanı sıra, geriye %62 oranında elektrik enerji fazlası bırakılmaktadır. Ayrıca bu değer tüm sinter tesisinin yıllık enerji ihtiyacının yaklaşık %18,3'üne karşılık gelmektedir.
Exploring the role of inhaled corticosteroid/betamethasone for managing recurrent respiratory illness in infants and young children
Authors: Dutta Arup , Newaz Taslima , Purba Srobonti Dutta , Day Arpon , Kamal S. M. Zahed , Alam Mohammad Toufiq Ul
Published: August 2024

Background: Recurrent respiratory illnesses (RRIs) are frequent respiratory tract infections, particularly common in fall-winter and during seasonal changes. RRIs primarily affect children aged 2-7 years and the elderly, with respiratory viruses causing about 80% of cases. They interfere significantly with children's well-being and incur substantial medical and social costs. The study aim was to assess the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in infants and young children with recurrent respiratory symptoms.
Methods: This prospective observational study took place over one year at the department of pediatrics, Cox’s Bazar medical college, Bangladesh, from June 1, 2014, to May 31, 2015.
Results: The study involved 210 children with recurrent respiratory symptoms, mostly males (57.62%) and predominantly aged 1-3 years (55.71%). Atopy was present in 16.67%, and eczema in 30.48%. Only 2.38% of mothers smoked during pregnancy, and 20.48% of children were exposed to passive smoke. Salbutamol use was high (80.48%), and 32.86% used ICS. Symptoms ranged from mild (13.81%) to severe (23.81%). After six months, daytime cough reduced from 52.38% to 1.43%, and nighttime cough from 66.19% to 0%. Symptom-free days increased, and hospital admissions decreased from 90.95% to 9.05%. Common adverse events included worsening symptoms (13.81%) and fever (13.33%).
Conclusions: Inhaled corticosteroid/betamethasone therapy significantly improved symptoms in infants and young children with RRIs over six months, reducing coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and hospital admissions, while increasing symptom-free days. Adverse events were mild and infrequent, suggesting ICS is effective and safe. Further research is needed to optimize treatment.
Correlation between the prothrombin time values obtained by point-of care prothrombin time meter and clinical laboratory in paediatric intensive care unit of a developing country
Authors: Usman Najmi , Fareeduddin Muhammad , Mustafa Humaira , Tariq Rabeea , Haque Anwarul , Ahmed Rahim , Shakil Usman
Published: August 2024

Background: Monitoring of prothrombin time (PT) is essential for adequate management of children in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) who require serial and repeated PT measurements. In contrast to laboratory testing, point-of-care (POC) PT meters have been configured especially for bedside that are cost effective with rapid turnaround time. Our study aimed to assess its feasibility for routine use in PICU by assessing the correlation between PT values obtained through the POC PT meter and those acquired from the laboratory.
Methods: A total of 200 children of either gender aged between 1 month to 12 years, admitted to PICU of Indus hospital Karachi Pakistan from February to August 2023 were analysed in this cross-sectional study. Venous blood samples were collected in PT bottles and transported to the pathology department within a time frame of 20-30 minutes for analysis. Concurrently, a drop of blood was obtained via finger prick and promptly assessed using the POC device-Coaguchek INRange system, (Roche diagnostics Ltd, USA). Pearson’s correlation was applied.
Results: 200 children (96 males, 104 females) having a mean age of 6.42±3.55 years. The mean PT values with POC meter and Laboratory were 2.588±1.299 and 2.574±1.304 respectively (p=0.100). Very strong correlation of PT between POC PT meter and laboratory evaluation was observed (r=0.996, p<0.001).
Conclusions: The strong correlation observed between POC PT meter and laboratory supports the use of these devices for timely coagulation monitoring, potentially improving patient outcomes in PICUs.
A study of neonatal morbidity and mortality patterns in very low birth weight neonates admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit at Al-Ameen Medical College and Hospital, Vijayapura
Authors: Bidari Ummesalma , Kulkarni Nagamani , Ukkali Sadashiva B. , Gangawati Sujay P. , Thobbi A. N.
Published: August 2024

Background: Meticulous documentation of morbidity and mortality is essential for elucidating health patterns. The perinatal and neonatal periods, though brief, are pivotal in revealing the health and socio-biological conditions of vulnerable populations. This study seeks to analyze complex morbidity and mortality trends among neonates in a tertiary NICU.
Methods: All VLBW neonates admitted to our NICU from April 2023 to March 2024 were analyzed. We gathered comprehensive maternal data, including age, socioeconomic status, and health risk factors. Excluding congenital anomalies, the study assessed demographic profiles, short-term morbidity, and outcomes.
Results: In our NICU, 280 very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates were admitted, with 155 males (55.3%) and 125 females (44.7%). The mean birth weight was 1.240±0.110 kg for males and 1.270±0.105 kg for females. Among these, 170 (60.7%) were small for gestational age (SGA), 60 (21.4%) appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and 50 (17.9%) intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR). The gestational age distribution was: less than 28 weeks, 17 (6%); 28-32 weeks, 155 (55.3%); 32-34 weeks, 47 (16.9%); and 34-36 weeks, 61 (21.8%). Of the 280 neonates, 208 (74.2%) survived, while 72 (25.8%) did not. The leading causes of mortality were sepsis, with 39 deaths (54.2%), and respiratory distress syndrome, with 27 deaths (37.6%).
Conclusions: Birth asphyxia, prematurity, jaundice, neonatal sepsis, and respiratory issues significantly contribute to neonatal mortality and morbidity. To mitigate these, it is vital to enhance prenatal care, ensure skilled birth attendance, expand NICU facilities, implement routine screenings, enforce stringent infection control and educate parents.
Study on incidence and clinical profile of anemia in children aged 1 years to 15 years attending tertiary care hospital
Authors: Nekkanti Chaitra , M. Pranam G. , H. Usha , Chetty Sanjeev
Published: August 2024

Background: Children are considered as an important asset for any country and their health as one of the important indicators of a healthy country. There are various factors influencing children's health, with anemia being one of them. Anemia is a major global health problem, especially in developing countries like India, despite the fact that this problem is largely preventable and easily treatable.
Methods: It is a descriptive study conducted in 140 children aged 1 year to 15 years who presented with anemia in the department of pediatrics at Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Raichur. Aim was to study the incidence and profile of anemia in children aged 1 years to 15 years.
Results: A total 0f 140 cases aged between 1- 15 years were included in the study. The highest number of cases occurred in the 11-15 years age group (38.5%), followed by the 6-10 years group (35.0%). There is more female preponderance in this study (55.7%) compared to males (44.2%). Moderate degree of anemia was the commonest grade of anemia (42.8%) The most common cause of anemia in this study was iron deficiency, accounting for 58 cases (41.4%) followed by 17 cases (12.1%) had megaloblastic anemia.
Conclusions: Iron deficiency anemia is a preventable cause of cognitive impairment, and early interventions can prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with anemia. Despite the implementation of national programs to combat iron deficiency, the problem persists. Early detection of anemia among these children enables the planning of suitable interventions, such as nutritional education for mothers, growth monitoring, nutritional supplementation, deworming, and more, to effectively address and mitigate the issue.
Hunter’s syndrome: a rare case report
Authors: Akhila  , Singh Anupama , Raj Jayant , Shekharay Amit , Mishra Vinod K. , Singh Monika , Singh Om P.
Published: August 2024

Hunter’s syndrome also known as mucopolysaccridosis-II (MPS-II) is a very rare X-linked recessive disease. It is a chronic progressive metabolic disease. The incidence of this condition is 1 in 1, 62,000 live births, mostly males. There is excessive accumulation of glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) in the lysosome in various parts of body due to the deficiency of enzyme iduronate sulphatase (IDS) and manifests with variety of clinical signs and symptoms. Four novel mutations in IDS gene are reported among families of Hunter syndrome tested by Sanger sequencing of IDS gene.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with phenytoin in a 6-year-old child: a case report
Authors: Beg Saman , Qureshi Jasim , Abbas Jaigham , Rahman Khatibur
Published: August 2024

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a severe mucocutaneous syndrome often triggered by adverse drug reactions, characterized by extensive skin detachment. We present a rare case of a 6-year-old boy developing TEN associated with phenytoin use for post-bacterial meningitis seizures. The patient initially presented with fever, epigastric pain, oral ulcers, and skin rashes, later progressing to extensive skin peeling. Phenytoin was promptly discontinued. The SCORTEN score indicated a mortality rate of 35.3%. Informed consent was taken by parents. The patient received supportive care, including IV fluids, antibiotics, and topical treatments. The patient exhibited a positive response to early initiation of systemic steroids (Dexamethasone) and cyclosporine, leading to a successful recovery within 15 days. This case underscores the importance of recognizing and managing drug induced TEN promptly, especially in pediatric populations, and highlights potential immunopathologic pathways and genetic predispositions to the condition.
People living with HIV presenting with hemiparesis: what are the possible causes?
Authors: Gotama Yovita , Suryana Ketut
Published: August 2024

People living with HIV (PLWH) are commonly associated with opportunistic infections, particularly with low CD4 count, less than 200 cells/μL. Neurological manifestation can be occurred 70% in PLWH and the most symptoms is hemiparesis, seizure, headache, behavioural changes, decrease of consciousness, and cognitive impairment but depends on the localization of the brain lesions. We present a case of 53-year-old man with initial presentation of right hemiparesis and was on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). With laboratory and CT-scan result, the patient diagnosed with stroke ischemic and occurred at the same time with toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) as an opportunistic infection. In PLWH, many possible causes involve central nervous system-caused hemiparesis. The initial differential diagnosis should be considered to prevent delayed treatment and potential of severe complications.
Pulmonary tuberculosis and secondary spontaneous tension pneumothorax in HIV patient: case report
Authors: Yong Bernard Jonathan Christian , Dwita Yaniswari Ni Made
Published: August 2024

Tuberculosis remains as one of the top 10 infectious diseases causing mortality worldwide. In year 2022, Tuberculosis has caused an estimated 1.30 million deaths with 1.13 million of death caused by tuberculosis alone, while 167000 cases in TB-HIV coinfection. Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax has been well known as a complication of Tuberculosis, although the incidence is quite rare, it could be life threatening especially if the pneumothorax progress to tension pneumothorax. Patient, male 19 years old came to the emergency room with a sudden shortness of breath for 3 hours prior to hospital admission. X-ray thorax examination showed collapse of the right lung with hyperlucent avascular findings on the right lung, which suggest secondary spontaneous tension pneumothorax. He was treated with chest tube insertion and WSD placement, 2 hours after WSD placement, he became pulseless. ACLS protocols were given and unfortunately, we were unable to achieve ROSC on him. Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest infection diseases, but can still be treated with the DOTS regimen. Some condition can make tuberculosis difficult to treat, such as immunodeficiency patient like HIV/AIDS. Spontaneous Pneumothorax has been well known as a complication of tuberculosis, although the incidence rate of pneumothorax in tuberculosis are quite low, however it could be life-threatening if it develops into a tension pneumothorax, especially in the settings of advanced stage HIV patients. Spontaneous pneumothorax can be fatal especially when it develops to tension pneumothorax. Further research is needed to know what population who are at risk of developing pneumothorax.
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria - a rare entity in pancytopenia: a case report
Authors: Kaur Amolpreet , Chandey Manish , Singh Parminder
Published: August 2024

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired hematologic disorder characterized by hemolysis, bone marrow failure, and thrombosis. This case report details a 22-year-old male diagnosed with subclinical PNH, who presented with symptoms of fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. The classical symptoms of hemoglobinuria were not seen in our patient. Laboratory evaluation revealed pancytopenia, macrocytosis and low reticulocyte count. Serum B12 levels and iron studies were normal. Flow cytometry identified deficient expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins on the patient’s erythrocytes, confirming the diagnosis of PNH. As our patient was in the subclinical stage, he responded to conservative therapy. Avoidance of stressors lead to significant clinical improvement. This case highlights the importance of considering PNH in young adults with unexplained pancytopenia, hemolysis, hematuria or venous thrombosis and provides insights into the management of this challenging condition. Financial constraints to the use of eculizumab in PNH, in developing countries like India, may present as a therapeutic challenge. However, response to bone marrow transplantation underscores its efficacy in controlling hemolysis and improving quality of life in PNH patients who develop aplastic anemia.
Challenges and insights: a case report on refractory dermatomyositis
Authors: H. Athul , K. R. Akshara , Sona Angel , S. Chandran Vishnu
Published: August 2024

Dermatomyositis is a rare inflammatory myopathy known for its unique skin symptoms and muscle inflammation leading to proximal muscle weakness. It can be classified as idiopathic, juvenile dermatomyositis, or amyopathic dermatomyositis in adults, and may be associated with solid organ tumors. The pathophysiology of the disease is most likely influenced by immune-related variables, but genetic and environmental factors may also play a significant role. The majority of patients who receive immunosuppressive medication treatment report success, but there are chances of relapse. We report a case of dermatomyositis relapse that is refractory to pulse therapy and methotrexate.
Insulin resistance dealt with homoeopathy
Authors: Tripathy Tridibesh , Das Shankar , Dwivedi Rakesh , Nayak C. , Singh D. P. , Tripathy B. , Sahu D. R. , Gautam Mohini , Prusty Umakant , Pradhan P. B. , Pattnaik J. K. , Pandey S. N. , Tripathy Sanskriti , Tripathy Anjali , Tripathy S. C.
Published: August 2024

One of the intricacies of diabetes is to understand the phenomenon of insulin resistance (IR). The phenomenon of IR applies to all types of diabetes. IR is a condition where the body’s cells stop responding to the glucose control hormone. In the current article, the lead author focuses on the IR related intricacies of diabetes and the role of homoeopathy in all the 4 types of diabetes. The first three types ate type 1, type 2 and type 3 the 4th type is maturity onset of diabetes in the young (MODY). The IR phenomenon cuts across among all sections of population including the working group and that’s why the discussion of IR is related to the growing economy as it puts burden on the economy. The article discusses the epidemiology, patho-physiology, prevention, control and treatment of IR especially at the global and national level. Thereafter, it discusses the integration of homoeopathy in to the IR domain. The properties of homoeopathy regarding the essential medicine (EM) in the national list of EM (NLEM) and the national list of essential AYUSH medicines (NLEAM) are also dealt upon. A suggested treatment protocol based on homoeopathic therapeutics is given at the end of the article after focusing on the burden of IR at national level through data from large scale surveys. In that section, the benefits that are to be accrued as a result of homoeopathic integration is also touched upon.
The impact of exercise on mental health: a narrative review
Authors: Priyadarsini Archana
Published: August 2024

It has become increasingly clear that exercise not only improves physical health but also significantly affects mental well-being, presenting a non-pharmaceutical approach to manage various psychological conditions. This narrative review summarizes studies from the literature to understand the effects of exercise on mental health, particularly in depression, anxiety, and global psychological well-being. Results indicate that regular physical activity, including aerobic and resistance exercises, reduces depression and anxiety symptoms, improves mood, and enhances cognitive abilities. Theoretical models, such as the endorphin hypothesis and neurogenesis hypothesis, explain these benefits through mechanisms including endorphin release, reduced stress hormones, improved sleep, and neurogenesis. Evidence suggests that structured exercise programs can match the effectiveness of psychotherapy or medication with fewer adverse effects. The benefits of regular exercise have garnered attention from professionals, physicians, and policymakers, highlighting the necessity of incorporating exercise plans into mental health clinical practice. Additionally, this review advocates for more specific and personalized exercise interventions tailored to individual characteristics and preferences. It also aims to inform health and research agendas by specifying the optimal exercise type and intensity for eliciting desired benefits, and evaluating the potential for exercise interventions to sustain long-term psychological well-being.
Beyond dermatomes disseminated Herpes zoster in the immunocompetent: two rare cases
Authors: Devaraj Yogesh , Govindaraju Namratha , Panigrahi Shubhashree , Johnson Richin Anna
Published: August 2024

Herpes zoster is typically a localized reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that occurs in individuals following a primary varicella infection (chickenpox). Disseminated herpes zoster, characterized by widespread vesicular lesions beyond the primary dermatome, is uncommon and usually associated with immunocompromised states. Till date only 25 immunocompetent patients with disseminated HZ have been reported in literature. We report two such cases of disseminated HZ in immunocompetent individuals. The 1st patient is a 53-year-old woman with painful, itchy multiple grouped erythematous papules, vesicles, and bullae over right T8-T9 dermatome and multiple papules, crusted papules, and vesicles over face associated with fever and fatigue. The 2nd patient is an 8-year-old boy with multiple grouped clear vesicles and bullae with erythematous base involving the left S1-S5 dermatome. Multiple discrete erythematous papules and vesicles (active and crusted) were noted over trunk, right forearm, left arm, bilateral thigh and left mandibular area. Routine laboratory investigations were within normal limits. Tzanck smears were done, and multinucleated giant cells were seen in both cases. They were treated with antivirals and showed improvement. We have reported these two cases of disseminated HZ due to their occurrence in immunocompetent patients, which is a very rare phenomenon.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: An underdiagnosed red flag disease in Ophthalmology
Authors: Shrinkhal  , Garg Pragati
Published: August 2024

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a disease characterised by thrombosis of the cerebral veins and the dural sinuses. It has a variable presentation. It is common in any condition that leads to a prothrombotic state. It leads to cerebrospinal fluid outflow obstruction, thus leading to raised intra-cranial pressure. Management requires a multi-disciplinary approach. Mainstay therapy is with anticoagulants, fibrinolytics. Ophthalmologist play a vital role in the diagnosis and management of this life-threatening condition.
Assessment of knowledge, awareness, and attitude about the current treatment protocols for newborns with cleft lip and palate among obstetrician-gynecologists and radiologists – A questionnaire survey
Authors: Maniratnam K Rajkamal , Rajesh RNG  , Gujar Anadha , Kondody Rony T , Kumar Rajalakshmi , Kumar Vigneshraja , Vishwakarma Swati , Murthy Roopa Keshava
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of Obstetricians-gynaecologists and radiologists regarding current treatment regimens for CLP and their perspectives on elective termination of pregnancy for the same cause.

A 15-question survey was conducted among 68 gynaecologists and 52 radiologists who were registered with the Medical Council of India. The questionnaire, distributed via social network, contained 19 questions, including knowledge, awareness, and attitude regarding CLP, presurgical orthopaedics, and pregnancy termination. Spearman rank correlation was used to assess construct validity, and a Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05 was used to compare the responses between both groups.

The study showed that about 89% of gynaecologists and 92.3% of radiologists can identify CLP during the initial assessment of the foetus using ultrasound technique, whereas 30.90% of gynaecologists and 36.50% of radiologists have encountered elective termination of pregnancy due to CLP. While 89.70% of gynaecologists and 88.50% of radiologists do not know pre-surgical orthopaedic procedures for CLP. No statistically significant difference existed in the knowledge level about CLP and its treatment regimens among both groups.

The awareness and attitude among the OB-GYNs, and radiologists on prenatal detection of CLP was found to be highly significant. At the same time, there was limited knowledge among these specialists about CLP and its management.
Assessment of mini-aesthetics in Class I malocclusion subjects who underwent orthodontic treatment with or without extraction of four premolars – A prospective study
Authors: Antony Vincy , Kumar Archana Mohan , Shaloob Muhamed , Parayaruthottam Prathapan , Raheesh Muhammed , Shahanamol VP
Published: August 2024

Smile and facial attractiveness are strongly correlatedThis study aimed to assess the effect of extraction or non-extraction orthodontic treatment on mini-aesthetics in patients with Class I malocclusion by measurement of the smile variables.

A total of 56 subjects were selected and grouped as Group 1- treated non-extraction, Group 2A-treated with extraction of first premolars and groups 2B- treated with extraction of second premolar teeth. Each subject was photographed with a posed smile and NHP using DSLR camera. The images were then imported into a computer software and the following smile parameters were assessed: gingival display, smile index, maxillary incisor display on smile and buccal corridor ratio.

The mean measured maxillary incisor display was 1.39±0.34, 2.31±0.50 and 0.90±0.19mm in Group 1, Group 2A and Group 2B. The mean measured gingival display on smiling was 0.07±0.07, 0.38±0.65 and 0.07±0.15mm in Group 1, Group 2A and Group 2B. The mean measured smile index was 0.15±0.68, 1.20±0.22 and 0.95±0.41 in Group 1, Group 2A and Group 2B. The mean measured buccal corridor ratio was 0.83±0.39, 1.59±0.26 and 1.26±0.31 in Group 1, Group 2A and Group 2B.

There was an increase in maxillary incisor display after fixed Orthodontic treatment in the non-extraction group and a decrease in first premolar extraction group while second premolar extraction group showed no changes. Smile index was increased post-treatment in first premolar and second premolar extraction group while non-extraction group showed no significant difference. Buccal corridor ratio decreased in first premolar and second premolar extraction groups while non-extraction group showed no changes.
Revolutionizing orthodontics: Effective management of Class III skeletal malocclusion using innovative buccal shelf bone screws
Authors: Kadam Vighanesh Vijay , Aphale Hrushikesh , Nagmode Sunil Kumar
Published: August 2024

The advent of the temporary anchorage devices has revised the envelope of discrepancy in modern orthodontic practice. Orthodontic camouflage is opted in situations where the patient is reluctant to have an invasive orthognathic surgical procedure and the associated risks or where, by the use of temporary anchorage devices, the orthodontic envelope can be expanded, and optimal orthodontic result can be obtained non surgically. In such cases, TAD’s can be used to obtain an acceptable orthodontic result with a cusp to fossa posterior relation, an optimal aesthetic outcome, and a functional occlusion. This case report showcases a camouflage treatment of a Class III non-growing patient treated by use of TAD’s, to cause clockwise rotation of maxillo- mandibular occlusal complex for achieving optimum molar relation, facial esthetics, and function.

A case of skeletal and Angle’s Class III malocclusion is presented where orthodontic camouflage was carried out to deliver optimal orthodontic results. This was achieved effectively by in toto distalization of the lower arch. This was brought about with the use of two extra alveolar TAD’s placed in the buccal shelf region of the lower arch. Two 2 x 12 mm bone screws were used, after space creation by extraction of lower third molars bilaterally, and elastic chains was the chosen force delivery system. Here in toto distalization of the lower arch was achieved to end in an Angle’s class I molar and canine relationship with normal overjet and overbite. Total treatment duration was of 17 months.

Challenging skeletal malocclusions can be treated non surgically by effective use of TAD’s and correct and efficient use of biomechanics.
La estrategia de recursos naturales en los ingenios azucareros argentinos: un acercamiento a los costos de producción y control del riego en el Ingenio La Esperanza, provincia de Jujuy, 1912-1930
Authors: Hernández-Aparicio Nicolás
Published: August 2024

La historiografía regional ha avanzado ampliamente durante la década de 1990 en diversos ejes sobre los ingenios azucareros del norte de Argentina. En el caso de la provincia de Jujuy, los dos grandes polos azucareros fueron los ingenios Ledesma y La Esperanza, pero no existen estudios focalizados sobre el control del agua como recurso natural. En este artículo nos proponemos demostrar que la misma constituyó un eje de profundo interés por parte del ingenio que nos ocupa, ya que permitía extender el área sembrada con caña, y, según la hipótesis de Rutledge (1987), constituyó un recurso monopolizable. Empíricamente, buscaremos demostrar este control calculando la incidencia de las obras de riego en las cuentas de inversión del ingenio, mediante los balances de empresa, disponibles por el momento entre 1920 y 1930, y los balances anuales, que permiten cubrir desde 1912 en que se conforma la sociedad anónima. Estos documentos forman parte del recientemente recuperado archivo documental del propio emporio azucarero y se encuentran en proceso de clasificación y ordenamiento.
Divergence of ESG Ratings: International and Russian Experience
Authors: Murach A. A. , Storchevoy M. A. , Sepulveda M.
Published: August 2024

ESG rating is an important indicator of a company’s social responsibility, which is taken into account by investors and regulators. However, if the ESG rating is calculated incorrectly, investors and regulators will make erroneous decisions and companies will be given improper guidance about how to modify their operations. Currently, there is a serious methodological problem in that ESG ratings from various rating agencies can be significantly different for the same company. Two of the most urgent questions in current ESG research are why these differences come about and how critical the  divergence  of  ratings  is.  First,  the  article  reviews  international  research  on  rating  divergence and summarizes the findings. A similar analysis is then performed to compare the methodologies and rating results of three leading Russian ESG rating providers — RSPP, RAEX, and NRC — for 2020-2021. The results indicate that Russian rating agencies are somewhat more divergent in their assessments of companies than international ones (Krippendorff’s alpha for Russian ratings is 0.4, but for non-Russian ratings it is 0.55), and Russian agencies’ coverage of ESG components is less comprehensive than that of the other rating agencies (although coverage in the RAEX methodology is close to the average of the international equivalents). The article also analyzes the distribution of companies across different gradations of the ratings by the three Russian agencies and attributes the distinctions that emerge to the way the ratings are calculated and the general ideology of the agency. Comparison of average ratings for different industries by different agencies indicates that these ratings are also rather inconsistent.
Implementation of Regenerative Brake System Controller by Using Mini Controller Arduino
Authors: Purwanto Wawan , Hermanto Dani , Pulungan Ali Basah , Simbolon Padilah Hannum , Nursyafti Yolana
Published: August 2024

The key requirement for electric vehicles is efficient braking. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed description of the regenerative braking system utilizing various power flow regulators. This study utilizes a buck-boost type Boost Converter. There are two methods employed to modify the voltage derived from the fluctuating input produced during regenerative braking: one to decrease it and the other to boost it. Subsequently, a voltage sensor detects the resulting output voltage, which is then regulated using an Arduino microcontroller. The examination findings indicate that the buck-boost converter performs well, maintaining an output voltage within the range of 39-40 volts. This allows it to function well even when there are fluctuations in the input voltage. The voltage value can be utilized for the purpose of charging a battery for a 36 Volt electric motor. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of utilizing a Buck-Boost Converter regulator. Furthermore, it could charge the battery within a span of 8 seconds, making it a viable option for electric vehicles as an alternative to regenerative braking for battery recharging.
Intelligent Solutions for Machine Tools Using System Sinumerik
Authors: Daneshjo Naqib , Malega Peter , Rudy Vladimír , Korba Peter
Published: August 2024

The management of computerized numerical control (CNC) machines in production processes often involves complexities associated with programming efficiency and precision. This study investigates whether the Sinumerik system can enhance the productivity and flexibility of CNC machine programming. The integration of the Sinumerik system into CNC machines will lead to increased programming efficiency and reduced errors, thereby improving overall productivity in manufacturing operations. The study utilized a comparative analysis approach, examining the programming capabilities of CNC machines with and without the Sinumerik system. This involved the use of the Sinutrain Operate training program and the ShopTurn software environment to simulate and analyse different programming methods and their impacts on machine tool performance. Results indicate that the Sinumerik system significantly enhances the programming flexibility and efficiency of CNC machines. Machines equipped with Sinumerik demonstrated a higher precision in component production with considerably reduced programming times. The use of advanced managerial systems and interfaces provided by Sinumerik allowed for a streamlined programming process and minimized human error, confirming the system's effectiveness in improving manufacturing productivity.
Women's Issue According to Sırâtımüstakim Writer Ferîd Vecdî and Women's Rights Advocate Fatma Aliye Topuz
Authors: Karakuş Girayalp
Published: August 2024

Ferîd Vecdî ve Fatma Aliye Topuz aynı dönemde yaşamış iki farklı dünyanın insanlarıdır. Her ikisinin de kadın meselesine bakışında bazı farklılıklar olsa da referans aldıkları kaynaklar aynıdır. İki yazar da İslâm dininin kadına olan bakış açısını yeniden yorumlayarak kadın meselesine yaklaşmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı; Ferîd Vecdî ve Fatma Aliye Topuz’un bakış açısı ile kadının sosyal hayattaki konumunu açıklayabilmektir. Yazarlar kadının toplumda artı-değer oluşturabilmesinin yollarını aramışlar ve birtakım sonuçlara varmışlardır. Çalışma yöntemsel olarak iki yazarın eserlerinden yola çıkılarak oluşturuldu. Modernleşen dünyada iki yazarın da düşünceleri geride kalsa da tarihsel açıdan yorumlandığında bir dönemin sosyo-ekonomik analizini yapmak için okuyuculara argümanlar sunmaktadır. Bilindiği üzere olayları ve olguları değerlendirirken tarihçinin yapmaması gereken şey anakronizme düşmemektedir. On dokuzuncu yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren ortaya çıkan Batılılaşma düşüncesi iki aydın tipi ortaya çıkarmıştır. Birincisi gelenekselci anlayışı savunan Ferîd Vecdî tarzı aydınlar, ikincisi ise Batılı değer yargılarından etkilenerek kadının sosyal hayatta daha çok varlık göstermesini savunan Fatma Aliye Topuz tarzı aydınlar. Çalışma aynı zamanda ülkemizde Batı-Doğu uzlaşmaz çelişkisinin tarihsel arka planını anlatması açısından da bilgiler sunmaktadır.