bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocean energy in Europe
Authors: Magagna D. , Monfardini R. , Uihlein A.
Published: November 2019

The SET-Plan declaration of intent for ocean energy has set ambitious targets for wave and tidal energy technologies. Tidal technologies are expected to reach a levelised cost of energy (LCOE) of 15 cEUR/kWh by 2025. To meet this target, technology costs need to be reduced by about 75 % from 2016 values. Cost-reduction of tidal technologies is expected to go hand in hand with technology deployment and further technology validation gained by the operation of first-of-a-kind tidal farms. In this paper we assess the learning investment needed to support the cost-reduction of tidal energy to meet the 2025 SET-Plan targets. The learning investment necessary to bring tidal energy to cost-competitiveness would be of about EUR 1.45 billion, requiring about 3.2 GW of installed capacity to achieve the LCOE target of 15 cEUR/kWh. Supporting the step growth for the sector requires the design of accompanying policies aimed at the industrialisation of the sector to support the creation of assembly and manufacturing facilities.
Applying a simple model for estimating the likelihood of collision of marine mammals with tidal turbines
Authors: Copping A. E. , Grear M. E.
Published: November 2019

As tidal turbine deployments continue at test sites and in commercial areas, the potential risk for injury or death of marine mammals from colliding with rotating turbine blades continues to confound efficient consenting (permitting) of devices. Direct observation of collisions is technically very challenging and costly. Estimates of collision risk to date have been derived from complex collision risk models that depend on estimates of the number of marine mammals found in the area. Using a simple collision model, the risk of collision was examined at three real-world sites, each of which featured an indigenous marine mammal. Two different turbine designs were examined at each site to extend the range of the estimates. The results of the model runs allow for comparison of risk at a range of tidal sites for a variety of the marine mammals thought to be at potential risk.
Strategic timing of commercial-scale tidal energy investment
Authors: MacDougall S.
Published: November 2019

The many uncertainties in tidal energy conversion combine to form a significant barrier to raising private-sector capital. Mitigation and management of risk are essential if the industry is to attract equity investors. One way to manage the risk is through investment timing. The option to time an investment has value, which can be estimated. An analysis of an invest-vs-delay decision revealed a persistent, economicallyrational incentive to delay. Further inquiry identified a strategic rationale for delaying investment in tidal energy projects, given the uncertainty still present in the undertaking. As the largest sensitivity in the value of delay is the volatility of the investment’s expected cash flows, an investigation into the prevalent uncertainties was undertaken.

This paper summarizes the real option valuation model. It then reports on results of a qualitative study of the predominant uncertainties facing developers and conditions that would help move the industry along. Predominant uncertainties reported revolve around technology reliability; site and resource knowledge; prospects for buildout; predictability of government policy and supports; prospects of off-take agreements; and supply chain capacity and costs. These are related back to the variables in the real option pricing model. The model is relevant for companies wishing to systematically evaluate timing options and communicate project value to the investment community. It can also be used by governments to evaluate the design of policies and financial supports in a way that is consistent with the priorities of financial markets.
Designing multi-rotor tidal turbine fences
Authors: Vogel C. R. , Willden R. H. J.
Published: November 2019

An embedded Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes blade element actuator disk model is used to investigate the hydrodynamic design of tidal turbines and their performance in a closely spaced cross-stream fence. Turbines designed for confined flows are found to require a larger blade solidity ratio than current turbine design practices imply in order to maximise power. Generally, maximum power can be increased by operating turbines in more confined flows than they were designed for, although this also requires the turbines to operate at a higher rotational speed, which may increase the likelihood of cavitation inception. In-array turbine performance differs from that predicted from single turbine analyses, with cross-fence variation in power and thrust developing between the inboard and outboard turbines. As turbine thrust increases the cross-fence variation increases, as the interference effects between adjacent turbines strengthen as turbine thrust increases, but it is observed that cross-stream variation can be mitigated through strategies such as pitch-to-feather power control. It was found that overall fence performance was maximised by using turbines designed for moderately constrained (blocked) flows, with greater blockage than that based solely on fence geometry, but lower blockage than that based solely on the turbine and local flow passage geometry to balance the multi-scale flow phenomena around tidal fences.
Development of a low head tidal turbine
Authors: Hötzl S. , Schechtl T. , Rutschmann P. , Knapp W.
Published: November 2019

Recent research has shown that four-quadrant turbines are required to achieve maximum net energy production in a tidal barrage plant. These turbines can generate electricity in both flow directions and are capable of pumping. An innovative turbine concept is being reviewed in the course of the Eurostars research project Safe*Coast. This project proposes to install a turbine in a reversible cylinder in order to allow for fourquadrant operation. To evaluate the feasibility of the concept, the authors designed a compact low head axial tidal turbine with the aid of CFD simulations. This paper presents the methods used in the design and optimization process of the turbine. It also describes numerically obtained turbine characteristics, and cavitation limits. The most critical requirements of the turbine include high efficiency in turbine and pumping mode and safe cavitation properties. By computing steady state CFD simulations of the turbine stage, an extensive set of geometries was analyzed. The authors optimized the turbine performance by adjusting the meridional section, as well as runner blade and guide vane profiles and angles along with other related parameters. Transient simulations of the whole setup, including the inlet and draft tube geometries, were performed in order to study transient effects. The final design after optimization is a three bladed axial turbine with adjustable guide vanes and a rim generator. The turbine’s symmetrical inlet and outlet geometry and its relative compactness permit its integration in a reversible cylinder. The simulation results are very positive and indicate that all the relevant design criteria are satisfied. As a result, the project will continue into a new phase in which a model of the turbine will be built for physical testing in order to verify the results and to conduct further investigations.
Preface to the special issues of the Twelfth European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference (EWTEC 2017)
Authors: Lewis (Chair, EWTEC 2017) A. W.
Published: November 2019

The twelfth conference of the European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference series was held at the verdant campus of University College Cork, Ireland, from Sunday 27th August to Saturday 1st September 2017. At EWTEC2017 the most up-to-date results from innovative research within both academia and industry were presented. The Conference had over 530 attendees from at least 25 countries, with the largest number of papers ever submitted to the proceedings and delivered through 336 oral presentations and 30 poster presentations over the four days.
Does temporal variability limit standardized biological monitoring at wave and tidal energy sites?
Authors: Gonzalez Silvana , Horne John K , Ward Eric
Published: November 2019

Commercial viability of Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) is progressing but no national or international monitoring standards have been established for wave or tidal energy sites. Standardized monitoring within and across MRE sectors is necessary to expedite project permitting/consenting, detect environmental impacts, and enable comparison among sites and technologies. Acoustic backscatter from a bottom-deployed platform at a pilot wave energy site off Newport, Oregon was compared to data collected at a tidal turbine site in Admiralty Inlet, Washington. Metrics that describe fish and macrozooplankton densities and vertical distributions derived from acoustic backscattered energy were compared using wavelets and Autoregressive Moving Average models (ARMA). Average density and vertical distribution values significantly differed between sites. Metrics of density and location in the water column displayed diel (24 h) and tidal (12 h) cycles. Dispersion of animals in the water column varied at 64- and 128-h periods at both sites. Applicability of methods in both sectors suggests that a standard approach to biological monitoring is possible. Stationary acoustics and analytic methods presented here can be used to characterize pre-installation conditions and refine post-installation monitoring to site-specific characteristics to ensure cost-effective detection of impacts associated with MRE development.
DESKRIPSI PENGETAHUAN DASAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 NAPABALANO
Authors: Anwar Anwar , Maonde Faad , La Masi La Masi
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui deskripsi pengetahuan dasar matematika siswa SMP Negeri 1 Napabalano. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Negeri 1 Napabalano. Pengambilan sampel adalah quota sampling. Pengambilan data TPDM diperoleh rata-ratanya sebesar 55,23, median sebesar 56, modus sebesar 56, standar deviasinya sebesar 11,52, varians sebesar 132,78 dan persentase perolehan nilai siswa termasuk kategori rendah sebesar 57,59%. Rata-rata untuk siswa kelas VII sebesar 54,28, median sebesar 52, modus sebesar 48, standar deviasinya sebesar 11,31, varians sebesar 127,82 dan persentase perolehan nilai siswa termasuk kategori rendah sebesar 60,89%. Rata-rata untuk siswa kelas VIII sebesar 56,65, median sebesar 60, modus sebesar 40, standar deviasinya sebesar 12,38, varians sebesar 153,33 dan persentase perolehan nilai siswa termasuk kategori sedang sebesar 50,62%. Rata-rata untuk siswa kelas IX sebesar 54,57, median sebesar 56, modus sebesar 56, standar deviasinya sebesar 10,78 dan varians sebesar 116,11 dan persentase perolehan nilai siswa termasuk kategori rendah sebesar 63,03%
PENGARUH GAYA BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 UNAAHA
Authors: Jumroidah Siti , Kadir Kadir , Suhar Suhar
Published: November 2019

Penelitian expos facto ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika secara terpisah dan secara bersama-sama. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP N 1 Unaahadan sampel penelitian sebanyak 128 siswa dengan menggunakan tekhnik purposive sampling. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) gaya belajar visual memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP N 1Unaaha, besarnya pengaruh gaya belajar visual yaitu 12,3%; (2) gaya belajar auditorial memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP N 1Unaaha, besarnya pengaruh gaya belajar auditorial yaitu 36,1%; (3) gaya belajar kinestetik memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP N 1 Unaaha, besarnya pengaruh gaya belajar kinestetikyaitu 28,1%; (4) gaya belajar visual, auditorial, dan kinestetik secara bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa SMP N 1 Unaaha, besarnya pengaruh gaya belajar visual, auditorial, dan kinestetik secara bersama-sama yaitu sebesar 22,5%, sedangkan 77,5% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 8 KENDARI
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Suhar Suhar , La Masi La Masi
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pelaksanaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS, (2) hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS, (3) hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional, (4) pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 8 Kendari yang tersebar di 7 kelas paralel dengan guru yang berbeda. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan diperoleh kesimpulan. (1) tingkat keterlaksanaan proses pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS selama 5 kali pertemuan secara keseluruhan tingkat ketercapaian keterlaksanaan pembelajaran oleh guru sudah tergolong baik. (2) rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS sebesar 54.61. (3) rata-rata  hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional sebesar 31.80.
Analisis QR dan NPM Terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Food and Beverages di Indonesia
Authors: Haloho Diana Irsanti , Perangin Angin Saprina , Malau Sendi Paulina
Published: November 2019

Sebagai suatu instrumen investasi harga saham yang diperoleh oleh pemodal akan mengalami perubahan seiring dengan berjalannya waktu. Perubahan tersebut dipengaruhi beberapa faktor, baik eksternal maupun internal. Dari sisi eksternal, inflasi merupakan suatu standar yang dijadikan acuan bagi dunia perekonomian , termasuk dunia investasi. Dan dari sisi internal, Quick Ratio, Debt to equity Ratio dan Net Profit Margin itu sendiri memiliki pengaruh tersendiri terhadap harga saham. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah harga saham perusahaan subsektor Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014-2018. Penelitian ini merupakan kriteria dalam menentukan sampel yang sering disebut dengan Purposive Sampling. Penelitian ini mendapatkan 10 perusahaan emiten yang bergerak di Food ang Beverages terdaftar di BE pada periode 2014-2018. Regresi linier berganda digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menjawab permasalahan pokok penelitian. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengaruh NPM terhadap harga saham adalah signifikan positif, sedangkan pengaruh QR, DER terhadap harga saham adalah signifikan negatif pada perusahaan Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di BEI pada periode 2014-2018. Ketiga variabel independen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini QR, DER dan NPM bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan bagi harga saham perusahaan di bidang Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2014-2018.
Pengaruh Sales Growth Debt Policy dan Corporate Risk terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013-2016
Authors: Hulu Suniwati , Caniago Fitriani
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruhnsales growth, debt policy dan corporate risk secara persial maupun secara simultan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan nilai perusahaan sebagai variabel ndependen dan sales growth, debt polici dan corporate risk sebagai variabel independen. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah  metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 52 perusahaan property dan real estate yang terdaftar dibursa efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2016. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling. Berdasarkan kriterial yang ada didapatkan 40 perusahaan menjadi sample penelitian selama tahun 2013-2016 dengan total pengamatan 160 laporan keuangan perusahaan. Pengujian hipotersis dilakukan dengan menggunakan  analisis regresi linear berganda, tetapi sebelum pengujian hipotesis terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji asumsi klasik.

                          Selama periode penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data penelitian berdistribusi normal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tidak ditemukan adanya menyimpangan asumsi klasik, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa data yang tersedia telah memenuhi syarat untuk menggunakan model persamaan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sales growth tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan secara parsial terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan property dan real estate yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2016, debt policy tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan secara parsial terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan property dan real estate yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2016 dan corporate risk tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan secara parsial terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan property dan real estate yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2016. Sedangkan secara simultan sales growth, corporate riks berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dan debt policy secara simultan berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan property dan real estate yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2016.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage , Ukuran Perusahaan dan Dewan Komisaris Independen terhadap Pengungkapan Sustainability Report
Authors: Liana Siska
Published: November 2019

This study aims to empirically examine the effect of profitability, leverage, firm size, and independent board of commissioners on sustainability report disclosures in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange) for the period 2011-2015. The population of this research is that there are 41 mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method of selecting samples in this study is based on purposive sampling with predetermined criteria. In this case,  the samples studied were 7 companies. The data analysis technique used is descriptive verification method which consists: classical assumptions, multiple linear regression, correlation, a coefficient of determination, T-test, and F test. The results of this study indicate that profitability and leverage have a significant effect on sustainability report disclosure, but for company size and independent board of commissioners it does not affect the disclosure of sustainability report. The results of this study are expected to be used as guidelines, both by the management of the company by looking at the impact of sustainability report disclosures, for potential investors to see differences in financial conditions and positions that make sustainability reports so that investment can be decided appropriately and for lenders to provide an indication of the level of security of the company in fulfilling its obligations.
Pengaruh Tagline dan Media Periklanan Above the Line terhadap Brand Awareness DAPUR IGA BANDUNG
Authors: Widjaja Yani Restiani
Published: November 2019

Memiliki sebuah merek yang unik dan mudah diingat akan membantu perusahaan membangun brand awareness dan membuat posisi jangka panjang di pasar. Brand awareness mengukur seberapa bagus sebuah merek diketahui oleh pasar sasaran. Dengan membuat sebuah tagline dan beriklan pada media above the line akan membantu menaikkan brand awareness. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tagline dan above the lineterhadap brand awareness Dapur Iga Bandung.Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif dan verifikatif. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis mengenai pengaruh tagline dan media periklanan above the line terhadap brand awareness Dapur Iga Bandung berpengaruh positif secara parsial dan simultan. Variabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi brand awareness adalah tagline. Ini berarti tagline lebih mudah diingat dibandingkan media periklanan above the line. Dengan adanya penelitian ini dapat membantu Dapur Iga untuk menyusun strategi pemasaran.
Las relaciones intergubernamentales y la participación ciudadana como impulsoras de la innovación en los municipios de México
Authors: González Beltrones Adria Velia
Published: November 2019

La innovación como proceso de cambio, debe detonarse desde la esfera municipal y hacia el centro, impulsado por la ciudadanía y respaldado por las relaciones intergubernamentales adecuadas. Lo anterior evita duplicar esfuerzos y permite que los tres órdenes de gobierno actúen en forma coordinada en aras de resolver conjuntamente y en cohesión con la sociedad civil de manera innovadora los grandes problemas locales. Los que, seguramente si no se arreglan, trascenderán lo nacional y el ámbito mundial.
La cultura de la legalidad como Política Pública. Hacia una teoría democrática del Derecho Positivo Mexicano
Authors: Castellanos Hernández Eduardo de Jesús
Published: November 2019

El fomento de la cultura de la legalidad es una política pública de los tres órdenes de gobierno del Estado Mexicano, cuyos antecedentes parten desde la teoría del derecho, se insertan en la administración pública y la academia, hasta llegar a la visión prospectiva que la convierte en una de las más promisorias líneas de acción de la planeación y programación del desarrollo nacional, a tomar en cuenta por todos los operadores jurídicos nacionales.
Unproven genotype/phenotype correlation in any genetic defect associated with non-compaction
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Stöllberger Claudia
Published: November 2019

We appreciated to read the report by Klaassen et al. [1] about the detection of MYH7, ACTC, and TNNT2-mutations in 11 of 63 patients and 13 relatives with left-ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction (LVHT). The study raises a number of comments and concerns.

Though LVHT is associated with a large number of different genetic defects [2,3codorn18], a causal relation between any of these genetic defects and LVHT has never been proven. A strong argument against a causal relation is rare segregation of LVHT together with a mutation in a single family. To date LVHT has been associated with mutations in at least 30 different genes and >20 different chromosomal abnormalities. To regard LVHT as only autosomal dominantly inherited [1] is not justified given its heterogeneous genetic background and the report of autosomal dominant, X-chromosomal, and maternal traits of inheritance.
Assessment of Dental Status and Oral Health Status in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases
Authors: Chowdhury Sreenita , Srivastava Binita , Pujari Siddhartha , Gupta Nidhi , Singh Rashi , Yadav Dinesh , Kalaivani Mani , George Niwin , Singh Sukhjeet , Chowdhury Ujjwal Kumar
Published: November 2019

Purpose: This study aims to identify the dental caries, decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (dmft/DMFT) scores amongst children with cyanotic, and acyanotic congenital heart diseases (CHD), compare with healthy controls and identify the risk factors for poor dental health.
Methods: Between January 2016 and June 2017, 236 children aged 2 to 15 years (mean±SD=7.61±3.88 yrs, median 7 yrs) with CHD and 951 healthy children aged 2 to 15 years (mean±SD=8.83±7.34 yrs, median 9 yrs) were evaluated.
Results: Children with CHD had more caries in their primary and permanent dentition (mean dmft: 2.42±3.82, cardiac group vs. 2.32±6.68, control group; p<0·05; mean DMFT: 2.15±3.38, cardiac group vs. 1.27±1.89, control group; p=0.002).
The DMFT scores for children with CHD were higher in the rural areas. Children frequently consuming biscuits, confectionary and sugared milk had higher dmft±SD scores. The possibility of caries in permanent dentition was more in children with cyanotic CHD compared to acyanotic. Caries in primary dentition showed positive correlation with age.
Conclusions: CHD is associated with poorer dental health in children. Close cooperation between pediatric cardiologists and pediatric dentists is warranted to raise awareness, prevent and institute early treatment for dental ailments.
Training adaptations during Ramadan fasting: The FITT principle, progressive overload and recovery
Authors: Rizal Hussein , Siti Hajar Mawar , Kuan Garry
Published: November 2019

During Ramadan, it is mandatory for all healthy and sane Muslims that have reached puberty to abstain from food, drink and sexual intercourse throughout the daylight hours. Changes in diet and hydration have adverse effects on the athletes’ training performance, especially for elite athletes. Therefore, coaches and sport scientists have developed strategies to counteract the effect of Ramadan fasting by applying the three training principles, namely i) FITT principle (Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type), ii) progressive overload and iii) recovery. Studies have shown that Ramadan fasting causes detrimental effects on several physiological outcomes such as anaerobic power, maximal aerobic power, muscular strength and endurance. In addition, reduction in the training load before or during Ramadan will result in poorer physical performances among the well-trained athletes. Adaption in the training principles will allow athletes to maintain training performance while fasting and to achieve their training goals. This is an original paper that aimed to elaborate on the training principles and how its effect on maintaining training performance throughout the month of Ramadan.
The postural impact on the prevention of injuries in young basketball players: A longitudinal preliminary study
Authors: Francesca Policastro , Valentina Cattaruzza , Gabriele Vittori , Manuela Deodato
Published: November 2019

Abstract: The competitive sport practice is a well-known risk factor for juvenile Low Back Pain and other common injuries. The present research aims to introduce a prevention protocol in the two-years training program of a young Italian basketball team. The results are encouraging and demonstrate the importance of supporting the motor development of the young athletes
Power supply as a predictor for patronage of recreational centres in kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullah Abdulsalam , Yahaya Danladi Jimada , A Opara Jacinta , Usman Suleiman Gambo , M Abdulkadir
Published: November 2019

The study assess of power supply as a predictor for patronage of recreational centres in Kaduna State, Nigeria. One research questions were answered lso one hypothesis were formulated. A descriptive survey research design was used for this study. The population for the study comprised all staff of recreational centres in Kaduna State, with a population of 3,249. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample for the study. Researcher developed questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection and it was validated by 3 experts from the Department of Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Education, Bayero University, Kano. A pilot study was conducted and a reliability index of 0.87 was obtained. Out of 441 copies of questionnaire administered by the researcher and his assistants, 432 copies were duly completed, returned and analyzed. Frequency count and percentage were used to describe the demographic information of the respondents while Chi-square (χ2) statistics was used to test all the formulated hypotheses at the 0.05 alpha level of significant. The findings of this study revealed that power supply significantly influence the patronage of recreational centres in Kaduna state c2=184.08, df=1, P<0.05. It was recommended among others, that more roads should be constructed within the recreational centres in Kaduna state, as this will go a long way in increasing the numbers of patronage.
The Role of Use and Nonuse Values on Festival Attendees' Behavioral Intentions
Authors: Mahadevan Renuka
Published: November 2019

This article distinguishes between use and nonuse values in their impact on two behavioral intentions to a rural cultural festival. Results from the case study showed that in the willingness to recommend the festival and intention to revisit by repeat tourists, both use and nonuse values
were influential but first timers' intention to revisit was mainly affected by use values. In addition, there was support for the recency–frequency–monetary value paradigm and the distance decay theory with some evidence of a nonlinear relationship between distance and behavioral
intention. The life cycle theory and length of festival stay on the other hand saw mixed effects on the two types of behavioral intention. Overall, a two-pronged marketing strategy based on the importance of use and nonuse values to attract first timers and repeat tourists could be considered
for a cultural festival.
The Nexus Between Economic Policy Uncertainty and Stock Returns of Tourism Companies: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Aslan Alper , Altinöz Buket
Published: November 2019

This article aims to analyze the nexus between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and stock returns of tourism companies for Turkey by using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) boundary test for data from 1997 to 2017. The analysis results illustrate that an increase in the global
and European economic policy uncertainty index affects negatively to Borsa Istanbul (BIST) tourism index in Turkey in both the short and long run. In addition, global economic policy uncertainty has a greater impact on stock returns of tourism companies in the long run than European economic
policy uncertainty. The causality test results support this statement and illustrate a unidirectional causality from global economic policy uncertainty to BIST Tourism Index (XTRZM). These findings proved that Turkey is not only for Europe but also a tourism center, globally. Analysis results
implied that especially global economic policy uncertainty is a factor that should be taken into account to explain tourism stock returns. This article proposes that it will be useful to use the EPU index, especially global EPU, as a determinant of tourism stock returns. This result takes
the existing theoretical infrastructure one step further than traditional tourism demand models.
CCD Measurements of Double and Multiple Stars at ASV and NAO Rozhen in 2017 and 2018
Authors: Cvetković Zorica , Pavlović Rade , Boeva Svetlana
Published: November 2019

We give the results of CCD observations for 789 double or multiple stars obtained during 2017 and 2018. These observations were carried out at both the Serbian Astronomical Station on the mountain of Vidojevica (ASV) and the Bulgarian National Astronomical Observatory at Rozhen (NAOR). They were performed using three telescopes, the 1.4 and 0.6 m telescopes at ASV, and the 2 m telescope at NAOR. The total of 1196 measurements (position angle and angular separation) for the 939 pairs is presented. Out of this number, 55 pairs have calculated orbital or linear elements and for them the residuals are given. Some pairs have measurements for several epochs. Measured angular separations are in the interval from 1.″51 to 208.″81, with a median separation of 4.″16. Two new pairs and linear elements for three pairs, which are calculated for the first time, are also presented.
New Insights on Lyα and Lyman Continuum Radiative Transfer in the Greenest Peas*
Authors: Jaskot Anne E. , Dowd Tara , Oey M. S. , Scarlata Claudia , McKinney Jed
Published: November 2019

As some of the only Lyman continuum (LyC) emitters at z ∼ 0, Green Pea (GP) galaxies are possible analogs of the sources that reionized the universe. We present HST COS spectra of 13 of the most highly ionized GPs, with [O iii]/[O ii] = 6–35, and investigate correlations between Lyα, galaxy properties, and low-ionization UV lines. Galaxies with high [O iii]/[O ii] have higher Hα equivalent widths (EWs), and high intrinsic Lyα production may explain the prevalence of high Lyα EWs among GPs. While the Lyα escape fraction is closely linked to low gas covering fractions, implying a clumpy gas geometry, narrow Lyα velocity peak separation (

) correlates with the ionization state, suggesting a density-bounded geometry. We therefore suggest that

 may trace the residual transparency of low-column-density pathways. Metallicity is associated with both [O iii]/[O ii] and

. This trend may result from catastrophic cooling around low-metallicity star clusters, which generates a compact geometry of dense clouds within a low-density inter-clump medium. We find that the relative strength of low-ionization UV emission to absorption correlates with Lyα emission strength and is related to Lyα profile shape. However, as expected for optically thin objects, the GPs with the lowest

 show both weak low-ionization emission and weak absorption. The strengths of the low-ionization absorption and emission lines in a stacked spectrum do not correspond to any individual spectrum. Galaxies with high [O iii]/[O ii] contain a high fraction of LyC emitter candidates, but [O iii]/[O ii] alone is an insufficient diagnostic of LyC escape.
Radiation-pressure Waves and Multiphase Quasar Outflows
Authors: Mas-Ribas Lluís
Published: November 2019

We report on quasar outflow properties revealed by analyzing more than 60 composite outflow spectra built from ∼60,000 C iv absorption troughs in the SDSS-III/BOSS DR12QBAL catalog. We assess the dependences of the equivalent widths of many outflow metal absorption features on outflow velocity, trough width and position, and quasar magnitude and redshift. The evolution of the equivalent widths of the O vi and N v lines with outflow velocity correlates with that of the mean absorption-line width, the outflow electron density, and the strength of lines arising from collisionally excited metastable states. None of these correlations are found for the other high- or low-ionization species, and different behaviors with trough width are also suggested. We find no dependence on quasar magnitude or redshift in any case. All the observed trends can be reconciled by considering a multiphase stratified outflow structure, where inner regions are colder, denser, and host lower-ionization species. Given the prevalence of radiative acceleration in quasar outflows found by Mas-Ribas & Mauland, we suggest that radiation pressure sweeps up and compresses the outflowing gas outward, creating waves or filaments where the multiphase stratified structure could take form. This scenario is supported by the suggested correlation between electron density and outflow velocity, as well as by the similar behavior observed for the line and line-locking components of the absorption features. We show that this outflow structure is also consistent with other X-ray, radiative transfer, and polarization results, and discuss the implications of our findings for future observational and numerical quasar outflow studies.
Magnetospheric Accretion as a Source of Hα Emission from Protoplanets around PDS 70
Authors: Thanathibodee Thanawuth , Calvet Nuria , Bae Jaehan , Muzerolle James , Hernández Ramiro Franco
Published: November 2019

Advances in high-resolution imaging have revealed Hα emission separate from the host star. It is generally believed that the emission is associated with planets forming in protoplanetary disks. However, the nature of this emission is still not fully understood. Here we report a modeling of Hα emission from the planets around the young star PDS 70. Using standard magnetospheric accretion models previously applied to accreting young stars, we find that the observed line fluxes can be reproduced using a range of parameters relevant to PDS 70b and c, with a mean mass accretion rate of log(

) = −8.0 ± 0.6 M
Jup yr−1 and −8.1 ± 0.6 M
Jup yr−1 for PDS 70b and PDS 70c, respectively. Our results suggest that Hα emission from young planets can originate in the magnetospheric accretion of mass from the circumplanetary disk. We find that empirical relationships between mass accretion rate and Hα line properties frequently used in T Tauri stars are not applicable in the planetary mass regime. In particular, the correlations between line flux and mass accretion rate underpredict the accretion rate by about an order of magnitude, and the width at the 10% height of the line is insensitive to the accretion rate at

 < 10−8
M
Jup yr−1.
The Initial Mass Function of Lens Galaxies from Quasar Microlensing
Authors: Jiménez-Vicente J. , Mediavilla E.
Published: November 2019

We present a new approach to studying the initial mass function (IMF) in external galaxies based on quasar microlensing observations. We use measurements of quasar microlensing magnifications in 24 lensed quasars to estimate the average mass of the stellar population in the lens galaxies without any a priori assumption on the shape of the IMF. The estimated mean mass of the stars is

(at the 68% confidence level). We use this average mass to put constraints on two important parameters characterizing the IMF of lens galaxies: the low-mass slope, α
2, and the low-mass cutoff, M
low. Combining these constraints with prior information based on lensing, stellar dynamics, and absorption spectral feature analysis, we calculate the posterior probability distribution for the parameters M
low and α
2. We estimate values for the low-mass-end slope of the IMF

(heavier than that of the Milky Way) and for the low-mass cutoff

. These results are in good agreement with previous studies of these parameters and remain stable against the choice of different suitable priors.
Mechanism of Reconnection on Kinetic Scales Based on Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission Observations
Authors: Macek W. M. , Silveira M. V. D. , Sibeck D. G. , Giles B. L. , Burch J. L.
Published: November 2019

We examine the role that ions and electrons play in reconnection using observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission on kinetic ion and electron scales, which are much shorter than magnetohydrodynamic scales. This study reports observations with unprecedented high resolution that MMS provides for magnetic field (7.8 ms) and plasma (30 ms for electrons and 150 ms for ions). We analyze and compare approaches to the magnetopause in 2016 November, to the electron diffusion region in the magnetotail in 2017 July followed by a current sheet crossing in 2018 July. Besides magnetic field reversals, changes in the direction of the flow velocity, and ion and electron heating, MMS observed large fluctuations in the electron flow speeds in the magnetotail. As expected from numerical simulations, we have verified that when the field lines and plasma become decoupled a large reconnecting electric field related to the Hall current (1–10 mV m−1) is responsible for fast reconnection in the ion diffusion region. Although inertial accelerating forces remain moderate (1–2 mV m−1), the electric fields resulting from the divergence of the full electron pressure tensor provide the main contribution to the generalized Ohm’s law at the neutral sheet (as large as 200 mV m−1). In our view, this illustrates that when ions decouple electron physics dominates. The results obtained on kinetic scales may be useful for better understanding the physical mechanisms governing reconnection processes in various magnetized laboratory and space plasmas.
Prevalence of Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome among Young and Middle-aged White Adults
Authors: Kopec Jacek A. , Hong Qian , Wong Hubert , Zhang Charlie J. , Ratzlaff Charles , Cibere Jolanda , Li Linda C. , Prlic Helen , Wilson David R. , Forster Bruce B. , Esdaile John M.
Published: November 2019

Objective.

The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) in white adults 20 to 49 years of age.

Methods.

Participants were white men and women aged 20–49 years, recruited through random digit dialing from the population of Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire and underwent a physical examination and radiographs of both hips. FAIS was defined as a combination of hip symptoms, physical signs of impingement, and radiological findings of cam or pincer morphology as recommended by the Warwick Agreement. All analyses were weighted to reflect the population from which the sample was drawn.

Results.

Data were obtained for 500 participants. In the study population, 48.9% were males and the age distribution was 32.2%, 31.4%, and 36.4% in the groups 20–29, 30–39, and 40–49 years, respectively. The physical signs of impingement correlated significantly with symptoms, but there was no significant association between either symptoms or physical examination with radiographic findings. FAIS on either side was found in 3.0% (95% CI 1.5–4.5) of the population.

Conclusion.

In this study, FAIS was present in 3% of whites aged 20–49 years. Further research is needed to develop consistent criteria for assessing hip symptoms, physical signs, and hip joint morphology, and to better understand the relationships between them.
Whole Blood Targeted Bisulfite Sequencing and Differential Methylation in the C6ORF10 Gene of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Anaparti Vidyanand , Agarwal Prasoon , Smolik Irene , Mookherjee Neeloffer , El-Gabalawy Hani
Published: November 2019

Objective.

Polymorphisms in human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are the strongest genetic associations with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Epigenome-wide methylation studies suggest DNA methylation changes within MHC may contribute to disease susceptibility. We profiled MHC-specific methylated CpG (5′–C–phosphate–G–3′) in autoantibody-positive patients with RA and matched unaffected anticitrullinated protein antibodies–negative first-degree relatives (ACPA−/FDR) from an indigenous North American (INA) population that is known to have prevalent RA.

Methods.

DNA was isolated from whole blood and targeted bisulfite sequencing was used to profile methylated CpG in patients with RA and ACPA−/FDR. Differentially methylated CpG loci (DML) were mapped and gene annotated. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used for curating biomolecular networks of mapped genes. Transcript abundance was determined by quantitative (q)PCR.

Results.

We identified 74 uniquely methylated CpG sites within the MHC region that were differentially methylated in patients with RA (p < 0.05), compared to ACPA−/FDR. Of these, 32 DML were located on 22 genes. IPA showed these genes are involved in regulating the nuclear factor–κB complex and processes involved in antigen presentation, and immune cell crosstalk in autoimmunity. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated a negative association between differentially methylated CpG in the C6ORF10 gene and risk factors associated with RA. Analysis by qPCR confirmed differential abundance of C6ORF10, TNXB, and HCG18 mRNA in patients with RA compared to ACPA−/FDR.

Conclusion.

Our results confirm the presence of differential methylation at specific gene loci within the MHC region of INA patients with RA. These epigenetic signatures may precede disease onset, or alternatively, may be a result of developing RA.
Le concept de politique dans la pensée islamique. Qu’est-ce que la siyâsa ?
Authors: Abbès Makram
Published: November 2019

Le terme « siyâsa » désigne la politique en langue arabe et dans plusieurs langues du monde musulman (turc, persan, ourdou, etc.). Travaillant à en restituer toute l’épaisseur sémantique en le traitant comme un concept, selon la méthode de la sémantique historique inaugurée par R. Koselleck, cet article ouvre la voie à la requalification de ce mot et à son élévation au rang d’outil majeur. L’enjeu est de mieux appréhender la pensée politique et les arts de gouverner développés à l’âge classique de l’Islam (VII e -XV e siècles).
Les corridors industriels en Inde
Authors: Cadène Philippe , Rault Yves-Marie
Published: November 2019

L’État indien s’est engagé depuis les années 2000 dans une politique de développement territorial orientant les investissements le long de corridors où sont implantés des infrastructures de transport modernisées et des zones spécialisées pour recevoir des entreprises. Cinq « corridors industriels ou économiques » ont été officiellement identifiés par les décideurs, reliant les plus grandes agglomérations du pays. L’analyse des localisations d’entreprises montre que, dans un contexte de croissance forte et soutenue, une polarisation de l’économie du pays se poursuit au profit des principales métropoles et le long de corridors, construisant de grandes régions où se diffusent les investissements et les activités de production. Les logiques d’implantation des entreprises obéissent à des déterminants complexes. Elles sont éloignées des stratégies de développement de l’État et s’effectuent dans la cadre d’une gouvernance qui affirme le rôle des pouvoirs publics régionaux et des acteurs privés dans la structuration du territoire indien.
Les projets de corridors interocéaniques en Amérique centrale
Authors: Medina Lucile
Published: November 2019

Au début du XXIe siècle, l’Amérique centrale est le lieu d’une profusion de projets de corridors de transports qui entendent faire de l’isthme centraméricain une plate-forme multimodale dans le réseau mondial des échanges. L’objectif de cet article est de traiter des enjeux de création de ces nouvelles liaisons transisthmiques. Après une brève description du contexte régional, trois projets de corridors sont plus spécifiquement abordés. L’auteur interroge ensuite à plusieurs échelles les impacts territoriaux et le modèle de développement régional sous-tendu par ces corridors, ainsi que leur inscription dans les réseaux d’échanges à l’échelle continentale,
Les enjeux de la grande vitesse ferroviaire dans l’émergence de coopérations interubaines
Authors: Carrouet Guillaume
Published: November 2019

L’espace Rhin-Rhône, comprenant un ensemble d’agglomérations de Dijon à Bâle, illustre les enjeux de développement d’un espace inclus dans le corridor Mer du Nord – Méditerranée. L’arrivée de la grande vitesse ferroviaire a été perçue par les acteurs locaux comme un facteur favorable à l’émergence de coopérations à travers la constitution d’un réseau de villes, la Métropole Rhin-Rhône. Sous impulsion de l’État, cette initiative représente un enjeu pour un espace dont la dimension circulatoire est certaine. Pourtant, après 8 années de service de la LGV, le bilan est décevant au regard des ambitions de départ. Si les enjeux d’accessibilité ont fédéré les acteurs locaux, le développement territorial souhaité à proximité de chaque gare a affaibli cette perspective de coopération. En témoigne, la redondance des zones d’activités à vocation tertiaire crées dans des agglomérations moyennes, séparées seulement d’une centaine de kilomètres.
Comment étudier les corridors de développement ?
Authors: Fau Nathalie
Published: November 2019

A la fin des années 1990, la Banque Asiatique de Développement (BAD) promeut la création de corridor de développement ou corridors. Ils ont donné lieu à de nombreuses études, aussi bien opérationnelles que scientifiques, et mobilisé des chercheurs de nombreuses disciplines. Cette contribution confronte ainsi les approches opérationnelles mises en œuvre par la Banque Asiatique de Développement (BAD) aux études réalisées par des chercheurs.
Surface Modification of Banana Fiber and its Influence on Performance of Biodegradable Banana-Cassava Starch Composites
Authors: Raghavendra Subramanya , Prabhakara S.S.
Published: November 2019

Natural fibers, in particularly lignocellulosic fibers are attracting material scientists now days, due to their comparative advantages over synthetic fibers. Biodegradable composites reinforced with short banana fibre after alkali treatment along with cassava starch matrix were prepared using the hot compression method. The mechanical properties like tensile strength and impact strength were investigated. Mechanical properties of the composites made from alkali treated fibres were superior to the untreated fibres. SEM observations on the fracture surface of composites showed that the surface modification of the fibre occurred and improved fibre–matrix adhesion. Keywords: Surface modification; banana fiber; Biodegradable composites; Mechanical properties; Matrix.