bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil Variables for Predicting Potential Phosphorus Release in Swedish Noncalcareous Soils
Authors: Börling Katarina , Otabbong Erasmus , Barberis Elisabetta
Published: July 2013

The accumulation of P in agricultural soils due to fertilization has increased the risk of P losses from agricultural fields to surface waters. In risk assessment systems for P losses, both P release from soil to solution and transport mechanisms need to be considered. In this study, the overall objective was to identify soil variables for prediction of potential P release from soil to solution. Soils from nine sites of the Swedish long‐term fertility experiment were used, each with four soil P levels. Phosphorus extractable with CaCl2was used as an estimate of potential P release from soil to solution. Ammonium lactate–extractable phosphorus (P‐AL) or NaHCO3–extractable phosphorus (Olsen P) could not be used alone for prediction of potential P release since soils with high phosphorus sorption capacity (PSC) released less P than soils with low PSC at the same soil test phosphorus (STP) level. Degree of phosphorus saturation (DPS) was calculated as Olsen P or P‐AL as a percentage of PSC derived from P sorption isotherms or from Fe and Al extractable in ammonium oxalate. The CaCl2–extractable total phosphorus (CaCl2–TP) was exponentially related to these DPS values (r2≥ 0.79). The CaCl2–TP was also linearly related to ratios between Olsen P or P‐AL and a single‐point phosphorus sorption index (PSI;r2≥ 0.86). These ratios, which are easily determined and gave good correlations with CaCl2–TP, seemed to be the most useful estimates of potential P release for risk assessment systems.
Types of Customer Emotional Blackmail Perceived by Frontline Service Employees
Authors: Chen Shiou -Yu
Published: July 2013

The purpose of this investigation was to identify the types of customer in the financial service industry who adopt distinctive emotional blackmail styles toward frontline service employees to communicate their needs and desires. In-depth interviews and the Q methodology were employed
to collect and analyze data. The Q methodology is especially good at clustering stimuli from subjective judgments to form a description of an indescribable object. Five types of customer with distinctive emotional blackmail styles emerged from this analysis; "Guanxiusing customer", "demanding
customer", "fair-treatment requesting customer", "timepressure-using customer", and "threat-using customer". These findings indicate that social changes in services marketing have been occurring and provide researchers and practitioners with a new perspective to deal with new customers in
the 21st century.
Do Big Five Personality Factors Affect Individual Creativity? the Moderating Role of Extrinsic Motivation
Authors: Sung Sun Young , Choi Jin Nam
Published: July 2013

Creativity has been acknowledged as one of the most predominant factors contributing to individual performance in various domains of work, and both researchers and practitioners have been devoting increasing attention to creative performance. In this study, we examined the potential
trait-trait interaction between the Big Five personality factors (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and the motivational orientations of individuals in shaping their creative performance. Our hypotheses were empirically tested using longitudinal data collected from 304 undergraduate students at a
North American business school. Results showed that extraversion and openness to experience had significant positive effects on creative performance. Analysis also revealed that the positive relationship between openness to experience and creativity was stronger when the person possessed strong
extrinsic motivation. Agreeableness was a positive predictor of creative performance only when the person's extrinsic motivation was low. Patterns found relating to personality-motivation interaction as an explanatory factor of individuals' creative performance are described.
Knowledge sharing and innovative service behavior relationship: guanxi as mediator
Authors: Hu Meng -Lei Monica
Published: July 2013

A mediating model to explain the relationships among employees' knowledge sharing (KS), guanxi, and innovative service behavior (ISB) was developed and tested. Results support guanxi's role as a mediator of the relationships between KS and ISB and serve as a constructive replication
of the hypothesized relationships. Supporting prior research, it was found that KS is associated with increased ISB for individuals with a favorable guanxi. Results from empirical studies demonstrate strong support for the effects of KS, guanxi, and ISB. A structural equation analysis reveals
that the mediating model has strong predictive ability for KS to ISB.
The Effect of Experiential and Relationship Marketing on Customer Value: a Case Study of International American Casual Dining Chains in Taiwan
Authors: Chou Hsiu -Jung
Published: July 2013

The research targets of this study were international American casual dining chains, which are now common in Taiwan. Of 500 questionnaires distributed, 327 of those returned were valid. Results indicated that some of the variables investigated had significant effects on experiential
marketing, relationship marketing, and customer value with the most significant being emotional experience. Some marketing strategies and recommendations for entrepreneurs in the industry are provided.
Measurement of 60CO gamma radiation induced attenuation in multimode step-index POF at 530 nm
Authors: Kovacevic Milan , Djordjevic Aleksandar , Savovic Svetislav , Bajic Jovan , Stupar Dragan , Slankamenac Milos , Kovacevic Milojko
Published: July 2013

As optical fibres are used ever more extensively in space applications,
nuclear industry, medicine and high-energy physics experiments, it has become
essential to investigate the influence of ionizing radiation on their
characteristics. In this work, the radiation-induced attenuation at 530 nm is
investigated experimentally in step-index multimode polymethyl-methacrylate
plastic optical fibres exposed to low dose-rate gamma radiation. Cumulative
doses ranged from 50 Gy to 500 Gy. The radiation induced attenuation has been
empirically found to obey the power law RIA= aDb, where D is the total
radiation dose and a and b are the constants determined by fitting.
On the interference of 210Pb in the determination of 90Sr using a strontium specific resin
Authors: Kocadag Maria , Musilek Andreas , Steinhauser Georg
Published: July 2013

We investigated the interference of radiolead in the isolation of
radiostrontium using a strontium-specific resin by means of 85Sr and 212Pb
radiotracers. The resin was found to be almost equally specific for lead ions
as well. Elution of Pb2+, however, was found to occur at very low acid
concentrations (?0.02 M HNO3) of the elutant. Even with pure distilled water
as the elutant, elution of lead cannot compete with strontium, due to the
delayed elution dynamics caused by residual acid in the column. In contrast
to strontium, which is eluted quickly from the column and almost
quantitatively after 4 mL elutant (practically independently of the acid
concentration of the elutant), lead is eluted with much delay and not
completely after the 10 mL elution. The Eichrom method for the determination
of radiostrontium in water proposes elution with 0.05 M HNO3, which was found
extremely useful, because at such an acid concentration, no radiolead is
eluted from the column and allows the production of a pure radiostrontium
fraction which can be measured by liquid scintillation counting.
Turnaround Initiatives and Auditors' Going-Concern Judgment: Memory for Audit Evidence
Authors: Bruynseels Liesbeth , Knechel W. Robert , Willekens Marleen
Published: July 2013

This study uses an experiment to investigate how management turnaround initiatives influence auditors' going-concern decisions for financially distressed firms. Using mediation analysis, we are able to distinguish between a direct effect of strategic and operating turnaround initiatives on going-concern judgment and a mediated effect through auditors' evaluation of subsequent financial evidence. Results from the experiment indicate that operating turnaround initiatives (e.g., cost cutting) are associated with lower relative recall of positive financial evidence and a higher likelihood of receiving a going-concern opinion. Further, we find no evidence of a direct link between client operating or strategic initiatives and an auditor's going-concern judgment.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors upon request.
Bone tissue amount related to upper incisors inclination
Authors: Nahás-Scocate Ana Carla Raphaelli , de Siqueira Brandão Aluana , Patel Mayara Paim , Lipiec-Ximenez Michel Eli , Chilvarquer Israel , do Valle-Corotti Karyna Martins
Published: July 2013

Objective:

To evaluate the amount of buccal and lingual supporting bone tissue of 60 upper central incisors and the relationship with their inclination.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty healthy adult patients with no previous orthodontic treatment were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography. Cross-sectional views were analyzed to check the amount of the bone tissue on the cervical (cervical buccal thickness/CBT; lingual/CLT), middle (middle buccal thickness/MBT; lingual/MLT), and apical regions (apical buccal thickness/ABT; lingual/ALT). The Pearson correlation, linear regression, and analysis of variance tests were used (P < .05).

Results:

The values of ABT of both teeth (11, right upper central incisor; 21, left upper central incisor) were significantly increased with the increase in the angle between the axis of the upper central incisor and the palatal plane (1/PP) (tooth 11 P  =  .034; tooth 21 P  =  .009), yet without a strong linear correlation. At the buccal and lingual surfaces, the mean apical supporting bone tissue was significantly greater than the other areas, and the middle region significantly greater than the cervical (P < .001).

Conclusions:

For both surfaces (buccal and lingual), the amount of bone tissue in the apical region was significantly higher than the middle and cervical regions, and the middle region was significantly higher than the cervical region. In relation to the upper central incisor's inclination, the higher the 1/PP the higher was ABT. However, the coefficient values for both teeth were low.
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Tam Jonathan S. , Routes John M.
Published: July 2013

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a common primary immunodeficiency characterized by a failure in B-cell differentiation with defective immunoglobulin production. Affected patients are uniquely susceptible to recurrent infection with encapsulated organisms and have an increased propensity for the development of inflammatory and autoimmune manifestations. The diagnosis of CVID is commonly delayed and the underlying cause of the disorder is not understood. Replacement antibody therapy reduces the risk of serious infections. However, optimal treatment regimens for the uncommon manifestations associated with this disease, such as granulomatous lymphocytic interstitial lung disease, require further research.
Efficacy of Targeted Middle Meatal Antibiotics and Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Wijewickrama Rohan C. , Catalano Peter J. , Gupta Rahul , Willen Seth N. , More Yogesh , Jonnalagadda Sashikanth , Warman Meir
Published: July 2013

Background

Postoperative infection remains a significant comorbidity of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) delayed healing, synechia formation, etc. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of postoperative infection after ESS in patients receiving conventional postoperative oral antibiotic prophylaxis versus a synthetic bioabsorbable antibiotic–soaked nasal sponge used in the middle meatus (MM) in lieu of oral antibiotics.

Methods

A prospective randomized multicenter trial included 321 chronic rhinosinusitis patients undergoing minimally invasive ESS who received either 1 week of oral antibiotics and a saline-soaked bioabsorbable MM sponge (control group) or no oral antibiotics and the placement of a bacitracin-soaked bioabsorbable sponge in the MM (study group). Evaluations performed at baseline, 3-weeks, and 3-months postoperatively included the 20-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test and nasal endoscopic examination.

Results

The 3-week postoperative infection rate was not significantly different between the study (n = 165) and control groups (n = 156): 5.4% versus 3.8%; p > 0.05. In addition, there was no significant difference between the two patient groups on evaluation of MM granulations, synechia, middle turbinate lateralization, or sponge retention.

Conclusion

Antibiotic-soaked synthetic bioabsorbable MM sponges show equivalent efficacy in controlling post ESS infections compared with conventional postoperative oral antibiotics. Topical antibiotic delivery to the MM via bioabsorbable sponges may reduce the need for postoperative systemic antibiotics and provide a cost-effective alternative that eliminates the issues of antibiotic side effects, drug–drug interactions, and medication compliance in the postoperative setting.
Aqueous Microwave-Assisted Solid-Phase Synthesis Using Boc-Amino Acid Nanoparticles
Authors: Hojo Keiko , Shinozaki Natsuki , Nozawa Yoshimi , Fukumori Yoshinobu , Ichikawa Hideki
Published: July 2013

We have previously developed water-based microwave (MW)-assisted peptide synthesis using Fmoc-amino acid nanopaticles. It is an organic solvent-free, environmentally friendly method for peptide synthesis. Here we describe water-based MW-assisted solid-phase synthesis using Boc-amino acid nanoparticles. The microwave irradiation allowed rapid solid-phase reaction of nanoparticle reactants on the resin in water. We also demonstrated the syntheses of Leu-enkephalin, Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-OH, and difficult sequence model peptide, Val-Ala-Val-Ala-Gly-OH, using our water-based MW-assisted protocol with Boc-amino acid nanoparticles.
Modeling Radiation-Induced Degradation in Top-Gated Epitaxial Graphene Field-Effect-Transistors (FETs)
Authors: Esqueda Ivan , Cress Cory , Anderson Travis , Ahlbin Jonathan , Bajura Michael , Fritze Michael , Moon Jeong-S.
Published: July 2013

This paper investigates total ionizing dose (TID) effects in top-gated epitaxial graphene field-effect-transistors (GFETs). Measurements reveal voltage shifts in the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and degradation of carrier mobility and minimum conductivity, consistent with the buildup of oxide-trapped charges. A semi-empirical approach for modeling radiation-induced degradation in GFETs effective carrier mobility is described in the paper. The modeling approach describes Coulomb and short-range scattering based on calculations of charge and effective vertical field that incorporate radiation-induced oxide trapped charges. The transition from the dominant scattering mechanism is correctly described as a function of effective field and oxide trapped charge density. Comparison with experimental data results in good qualitative agreement when including an empirical component to account for scatterer transparency in the low field regime.
Epicardium Formation as a Sensor in Toxicology
Authors: Hofsteen Peter , Plavicki Jessica , Peterson Richard , Heideman Warren
Published: July 2013

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are an excellent vertebrate model for studying heart development, regeneration and cardiotoxicity. Zebrafish embryos exposed during the temporal window of epicardium development to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exhibit severe heart malformations. TCDD exposure prevents both proepicardial organ (PE) and epicardium development. Exposure later in development, after the epicardium has formed, does not produce cardiac toxicity. It is not until the adult zebrafish heart is stimulated to regenerate does TCDD again cause detrimental effects. TCDD exposure prior to ventricular resection prevents cardiac regeneration. It is likely that TCDD-induced inhibition of epicardium development and cardiac regeneration occur via a common mechanism. Here, we describe experiments that focus on the epicardium as a target and sensor of zebrafish heart toxicity.
UV Spectrometric Indirect Analysis of Brominated MWCNTs with UV Active Thiols and an Alkene—Reaction Kinetics, Quantification and Differentiation of Adsorbed Bromine and Oxygen
Authors: Hanelt Sven , Friedrich Jörg , Meyer-Plath Asmus
Published: July 2013

Indirect UV-absorption spectrometry was shown to be a valuable tool for chemical characterization of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs). It complements data from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) or FTIR analysis since it helps to clarify the type and concentration of functional groups. The principles of indirect application of UV-spectrometry and its mathematical interpretation are discussed. Their facile application, together with their adequate sensitivity and high flexibility, make UV-absorption-based approaches a valuable alternative to fluorescence spectrometry. Here, the approach was applied to the chemical analysis of oxidizing substances on CNTs. For this, pristine CNTs of low but finite oxygen content as well as brominated CNTs were analyzed by reaction in suspension with UV-active thiol reagents and a styrene derivative. It was shown that carefully selected reagents allow differentiation and quantification of bromine and generally oxidizing entities like oxygen. For brominated CNTs, it was shown that physisorbed bromine may dominate the overall bromine content.
Enrichment of Large-Diameter Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) with Metallo-Octaethylporphyrins
Authors: Li Yuda , Rahman A. , Liu Gang , Xiong Zichao , Koezuka Kenji , Xu Zhigao , Komatsu Naoki , Wang Feng
Published: July 2013

We report here a detailed experimental investigation on noncovalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with four different metallo-octaethylporphyrins (MOEPs). It has been found that the identity of the center metal of MOEP strongly influences the solubilization of SWNTs. MnOEPs and ZnOEPs successfully extracted SWNTs in methanol, as confirmed by absorption spectroscopy, while CoOEPs and CuOEPs were not able to extract SWNTs at all. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies revealed that large SWNTs bundles could be exfoliated into either individual SWNTs or very small bundles by complexation with ZnOEP molecules. As for enrichment of SWNTs, ZnOEPs and MnOEPs show similar diameter discrimination ability toward 76-CoMoCAT, providing the extracted SWNTs with relatively large diameters.
Panduratin A, a Possible Inhibitor in Metastasized A549 Cells through Inhibition of NF-Kappa B Translocation and Chemoinvasion
Authors: Cheah Shiau-Chuen , Lai Siew-Li , Lee Sui-Ting , Hadi A. , Mustafa Mohd.
Published: July 2013

In the present study, we investigated the effects of panduratin A (PA), isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda, on apoptosis and chemoinvasion in A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Activation of the executioner procaspase-3 by PA was found to be dose-dependent. Caspase-3 activity was significantly elevated at the 5 µg/mL level of PA treatment and progressed to a maximal level. However, no significant elevated level was detected on procaspase-8. These findings suggest that PA activated caspase-3 but not caspase-8. Numerous nuclei of PA treated A549 cells stained brightly by anti-cleaved PARP antibody through High Content Screening. This result further confirmed that PA induced apoptotic cell death was mediated through activation of caspase-3 and eventually led to PARP cleavage. Treatment of A549 cells with PA resulted in a strong inhibition of NF-κB activation, which was consistent with a decrease in nuclear levels of NF-κB/p65 and NF-κB/p50 and the elevation of p53 and p21. Besides that, we also showed that PA significantly inhibited the invasion of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner through reducing the secretion of MMP-2 of A549 cells gelatin zymography assay. Our findings not only provide the effects of PA, but may also be important in the design of therapeutic protocols that involve targeting of either p53 or NF-κB.
Optimum conditions for concrete steam treatment
Authors: Mtschedlow-Petrossian O. P. , Melnitschenko P. A. , Dmitrijew I. B. , Saworin L. W.
Published: July 2013

Not available
Prevention of ear damage during vibrating table concrete compaction
Authors: Fauer E.
Published: July 2013

Not available
Damage to Artesa slabs Latex-bitumen surface
Authors: Wellemeyer C.
Published: July 2013

Not available
Quick analysis method of sulphuric anhydride
Authors: Puig Montraveta J.
Published: July 2013

Not available
Stone alterations in some monuments
Authors: Fernández París J. M.
Published: July 2013

Not available
Sixth International Congress on Chemistry of Cement
Authors: Calleja José
Published: July 2013

Not available
Components conditioning hydraulic cements
Authors: Fernández París J. M.
Published: July 2013

Not available
Testing procedure to determine the dissecation aptitude of clay masses (H2T 1/75c)
Authors: García Verduch Antonio
Published: July 2013

Not available
Mortar cohesión. The effect of additives
Authors: Kittll P. , Castro J. H.
Published: July 2013

This study was concerned with the hydration of clinker compounds in the presence of different additives; it appeared that accelerating additives, such as calcium chloride and silicic acid, produce longer fibers of tobermorite, whereas inhibitors, such as sugar, produce shorter fibers of tobermorite. This same effect was observed in the hydration of anhydrite, in which large crystals of gypsum were produced in the presence of sodium sulphate. So the cohesion in mortars of cement and anhydrite is explained in terms of the role of fibers.
Requisitos de estabilidad y de durabilidad de los áridos del hormigón
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: July 2013

Not available
Tensión, deformación y fisurabilidad en el hormigón
Authors: Tobío J. M.
Published: July 2013

Not available
Procedimiento para lo obtención cuantitativa del residuo al tratamiento salicílico-metanólico
Authors: De Luxán M. Pilar
Published: July 2013

Not available
Método para la determinación de cloruros en pequeñas concentraciones
Authors: Del Olmo Rodríguez César
Published: July 2013

Not available
Evaluating alternative management strategies for bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, in the Indian Ocean
Authors: Tong Yuhe , Chen Xinjun , Chen Yong
Published: July 2013

Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) support a large commercial fishery in the Indian Ocean. However, explicit management strategies and harvest control rules are yet to be developed for the management of this fishery. We used a stochastic age-structured production model as an operating model to evaluate several potential management strategies under different assumptions of stock productivity. Five management strategies—constant fishing mortality, constant catch, quasi-constant catch, constant escapement, and status-dependent strategies—were evaluated and compared using the performance indicators including average catch, average spawning stock biomass, variation in catch, average fishing mortality and lowest biomass during the time period considered in the simulation. This study shows that (1) for the constant catch strategy, an annual catch of 90000 t would result in a low risk of stock being overfished while obtaining a stable catch; (2) for the constant fishing mortality strategy fishing mortality of 0.3 per year could yield a higher catch, but might have a high probability (64%) of stock dropping below the spawning stock biomass (SSB) that could achieve maximum sustainable yield (SSBmsy); and (3) for the quasi-constant catch strategy an annual catch of 110000 t was sustainable if the current SSB was higher than SSBmsy. Constant escapement and status-dependent strategies were robust with respect to different levels of virgin recruitment and steepness. This study suggests that it is important to incorporate uncertainties associated with key life history, fisheries and management processes in evaluating management strategies.
HTTP Traffic Model for Web2.0 and Future WebX.0
Authors: Deart Vladimir , Pilugin Alexander
Published: July 2013

This article presents a method of estimation for HTTP traffic quality service parameters mean delay and lost packets percentage. This method, based on statistic measurements, includes simulation and analytical modeling. Statistical HTTP traffic models presented earlier take into account typical features of WEB2.0 Internet traffic, which were used for the simulation model. Developed universal simulation models make it possible to research service quality parameters under setting network conditions over a wide range considering Internet development. The presented analytical method based on batch packet arrival model allows an accuracy estimation of mean HTTP-packets delay in Core Router by simple calculations. Objective results of HTTP traffic quality service parameters can be used in QoS standard development for WEB traffic and model QoE standard development.
Cooperative Error Control Mechanism Combining Cognitive Technology for Video Streaming Over Vehicular Networks
Authors: Tsai Ming-Fong , Chilamkurti Naveen , Li Hsia-Hsin
Published: July 2013

Video streaming over vehicular networks is an attractive feature to many applications, such as emergency video transmission and inter-vehicle video transmission. Vehicles accessing road-side units have a few seconds to download information and experience a high packet loss rate. Hence, this paper proposes Cooperative Error Control (CEC) mechanism combining Cognitive Technology (CT) for video streaming over wireless vehicular networks. CEC mechanism combining CT uses a cooperative error recover scheme to recover lost packets not only from a road-side unit which uses the primary channel but also from the other vehicles using a free channel. Hence, CEC mechanism with CT can enhance error recovery performance and quality of video streaming over vehicular networks. Simulation results show the error recover performance of the CEC mechanism combining CT performs better than the other related mechanisms.
Public Sector Knowledge Networks
Authors: Dawes Sharon S.
Published: July 2013

This chapter focuses on success in Public Sector Knowledge Networks (PSKNs). These networks are especially salient in the context of e-government where expectations for innovation and good performance rest on creative use of data, information, and technology. PSKN success can be assessed at the network, organizational, and individual levels by considering measures of structure, performance, and interaction. Beyond success measures, however, the chapter also discusses the conditions for success—the critical success factors—that create the environment for individual, organizational, and network performance. These considerations of success are illustrated with case examples that offer lessons for practice and new avenues for research.
Web Experience Effects in a Virtual Shopping Interaction Environment
Authors: Lorenzo-Romero Carlota , Constantinides Efthymios , Gómez-Borja Miguel A.
Published: July 2013

The objective of this chapter is to contextualize the concepts of web atmospherics and web experience in the particular case of a shopping situation in the Internet environment. Based on a broader concept of user experience, the chapter identifies the main influencers of consumer behaviour in the Internet environment assessing the role and degree of importance of usability, trust and other web experience dimensions on consumer decision-making processes and responses. The chapter presents the results of a research project comparing the influence of the web experience on consumer behaviour in different cultural environments; the study analyses the role of cultural differences on the online shopping behaviour of consumers from two different European countries. The study identifies several similarities and a few differences in the way web experience factors affect the decision making process and the choice of an online vendor by customers with different cultural backgrounds. The findings provide evidence of behavioural homogenization between consumers of different ethnic origin in the new global virtual marketplace.
Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) and Its Influence on Book Purchasing Decisions
Authors: Lin Angela , Foster Jonathan
Published: July 2013

Electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) is playing an increasingly influential role in informing consumers’ purchasing decisions. Previously confined to seeking information from a small group of family and friends, consumers are now able via the Internet and social media, to draw on the contributions of a much larger group of other consumers. This chapter presents findings from a content analysis of a selection of book readers’ contributions to the Anobii Digital Bookshelf review site. The research questions guiding this analysis are: do online book reviews influence consumers’ book purchasing decisions? What conditions affect the influence of online book reviews? What are the consequences of online book reviews for consumers’ book purchasing decisions? The evidence from this study suggests that online book reviews play an influential role in the majority of Anobii members’ purchasing decisions; and that the opinions of other readers are sought primarily because of their perceived independence. Findings in relation to the informational and social attributes of book reviews, along with their framing are also presented. The chapter concludes with discussing the implications of the study for the implementation and use of eWOM, including the need to differentiate between different consumer types, being cognizant of the issue of source credibility, and the informational and social attributes that contribute to this, and of possible social and technological biases.
Core Math Tools
Authors: Hirsch Christian , Keller Brin , Fonger Nicole , Edson Alden
Published: July 2013

Core Math Tools is an open-source suite of Java-based software tools that include general purpose tools—a spreadsheet, a computer algebra system, interactive (dynamic) geometry, data analysis, and simulation tools—together with topic-focused Custom Apps and Advanced Apps for triangle congruence and similarity, data modeling, linear programming, three-dimensional visualization, and more. Core Math Tools provides a unique linked tool set that supports the full range of contemporary high school mathematics. This design promotes the important mathematical practice of selecting and strategically using software tools. Accompanying the software is a Website at the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) providing content designed to help school districts meet the new Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM). This chapter describes and illustrates use of the software in implementing rich tasks aligned with the CCSSM.
Sketchpad®, TinkerPlots®, and Fathom®
Authors: Greenhaus Karen
Published: July 2013

The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) include overarching Standards for Mathematical Practice that cite dynamic geometry® software as one of the tools mathematically proficient students should know how to use strategically. Dynamic geometry software or more generally, dynamic mathematics software, provides visible and tangible representations of mathematical concepts that can be dragged and manipulated to discover underlying properties, investigate patterns and relationships, and develop deeper understandings of the concepts. The Geometer’s Sketchpad®, TinkerPlots®, and Fathom® are examples of dynamic mathematics software. This chapter outlines how dynamic mathematics software supports the CCSSM. Specific mathematic content examples are described using these three resources to model the use of dynamic mathematics software for learning mathematics. Challenges for successfully integrating dynamic mathematics software are described with suggestions for training and support.
Analyzing Twitter User-Generated Content Changes
Authors: Cagliero Luca , Grimaudo Luigi , Fiori Alessandro
Published: July 2013

Experiments, performed on real Twitter posts, show the effectiveness and the usability of the proposed system in supporting Twitter user behavior and topic trend analysis.
Semantic Integrating for Intelligent Cloud Data Mining Platform and Cloud Based Business Intelligence for Optimization of Mobile Social Networks
Authors: Gebremeskel Gebeyehu Belay , He Zhongshi , Jing Xuan
Published: July 2013

In this chapter, the authors focused on optimization of MSNs based on integrating for intelligent DM and BI platforms, which involves mobile devices. The approach is defining the challenges based social network trends and current situation explorations, and then applying the techniques to exploring the social media towards social cloud technology, which focused on creating a scalable, adaptable and optimal social cloud as the users’ contexts and IT technologies. The newly proposed method is vigorously significant to develop flexible social networking in relation to the development of IT, which facilitates data/information access, distributions, high availability and a large amount of data analysis and others. Therefore, the techniques this chapter is vitally crucial to improve the performance and use of social networking in a comprehensive and powerful way. Nutshell, this chapter overviews the impetus for the development of intelligent semantic cloud and diversified social-networking in both physical and wireless sectors, which representing a wide aspect of social cloud change, and increasingly appropriate service providing a platform for innovative ideas and technological innovation in the business environment.
Issues with Current Internet Architecture
Authors: Boucadair Mohamed , Binet David
Published: July 2013

Internet actors should work on an action plan to mitigate the increase of Routing Information Base (RIB) and Forwarding Information Base (FIB) table sizes and the load induced by routing updates churn (BGP Instability Report, n.d.).
The Map-and-Encap Locator/Identifier Separation Paradigm
Authors: Saucez Damien , Iannone Luigi , Bonaventure Olivier
Published: July 2013

The chapter does not overview the merits of the Locator/Identifier separation paradigm. Rather, the aim is to provide a thorough analysis of the security aspects, assessing the security level of the architecture and providing recommendations on possible practices to improve it.
Caring for our Aging Population
Authors: Al-Khudairy Sama
Published: July 2013

An increasing senior population and national fiscal challenges affect the provision of healthcare in many ways. Keeping this in mind, the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care’s recent release of the Ontario Action Plan for Health Care (2012) aims to manage scarce resources and healthcare dollars to improve the health of Ontarians while making care available to seniors closer to home. One highly viable approach to attaining such goals is through the adoption of various healthcare technologies. Computerized Physician Order Entry Systems and Telehomecare are two examples presented in this chapter that describes how health informatics can be used as a solution to policy concerns.
Towards a Mobile Learning Pedagogy
Authors: Hamm Scott E. , Drysdale Jason , Moore Diana
Published: July 2013

Mobile devices provide information access all the time and everywhere. The manner in which we access data has become a fulcrum of our social, vocational, and educational ethos. The developing mediums by which information is engaged are establishing themselves as a pervasive part of our ecology. People expect to be able to perform life tasks-work, study, and play-all the time and everywhere. This reality is transforming education and a 21st century pedagogy is emerging which necessitates a research-informed approach to the integration of theory and praxis. As mobility affords new and exciting ways to engender informal learning within the academy, we will explore an evidence-based pedagogy that augments, extends, and constructs learning as a result of mobility’s affordances.
The Influence of Social Networking and Library 2.0 as a Gateway for Information Access and Knowledge Sharing in Africa
Authors: Kamba Manir Abdullahi
Published: July 2013

The chapter tries to highlight the influence of social networking and library 2.0 in providing access to information and knowledge sharing in Africa. It further discusses the panorama at which the information environment is changing from traditional to electronic, where access to information and knowledge stands to benefit all. The chapter, however, exhibits that in most developing worlds today the electronic information environment is gradually spreading and obviously will take time to be fully integrated into the systems, especially in Africa. The chapter provides a highlight on the value, usefulness, access to information, and knowledge sharing, which has become a necessary component for human existence and development. The premise is that librarians’ role is to facilitate this effective management and promote access to information and knowledge sharing through the influence of social networking and library 2.0; this in turn will strengthen and empower the African people to be among global players in the knowledge-based economy. The emergence of Web 2.0 principles and technologies that has given rise to social networking and library 2.0 offer libraries and information centers many opportunities for sharing information and knowledge among people regardless of distance or geographical areas. This reaches out beyond the walls of the library and Websites of any library or institutions. These developments make it possible for people to share knowledge and information online, borrow locally, and buy or sell on a global scale as appropriate to their needs and circumstances.
A Formal Representation System for Modelling Assistive Technology Systems
Authors: Gilligan John , Smith Peter
Published: July 2013

This chapter describes a formal representation scheme which can be used to model Assistive Technology (AT) Systems. At the heart of any system is a conceptual model of domain of application. Where AT is involved, the conceptual model must embrace all the elements of AT systems which are defined as “consisting of an AT device, a human operator who has a disability and an environment in which the functional activity is to be carried out” (Cook and Hussey, 1995, 2002, 2007). In order to explore the interaction between the components of AT systems in dynamic simulations of AT deployment, there is a need for a suitable representation of the underlying concepts. While the representation scheme presented here is generally applicable, examples and issues to do with representing AT systems for those with motor limitations, in particular are considered. The proposed representation scheme uses Coloured Petri-Nets (CP-Nets) and is based on the WHO International Classification of Functioning (ICF). This chapter looks at how CP-Nets may be used to represent the elements of AT systems as described by Cook and Hussey. These are Person, Activity, AT and Context. Both informal and formal representations using CP-Nets are considered. The ICF is at the heart of the proposed formal representation scheme. Its effectiveness for this purpose is analysed. Enhancements and innovative approaches are offered where there are challenges presented in using the ICF.
Web Accessibility for Persons with Motor Limitations
Authors: Abu Doush Iyad
Published: July 2013

Nowadays the internet is an important medium for serving people. Using the internet can help people completing several tasks and accessing different types of information (e.g., reading news, finding location for places, buying and selling products online, and so on). Accessing the internet is not an easy task for people with motor disabilities. The main barriers come from two issues: difficulty or inability in using the mouse and difficulty or inability on typing on the keyboard. The web accessibility guidelines are a set of suggested techniques to be used by web developers when designing, implementing, and maintaining websites to make them easy to access by people with disabilities. This chapter presents the importance of applying web accessibility standards and guidelines when designing and developing web pages. These guidelines are obtained from Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 (WCAG), section 508, and other literature. The challenges and barriers encountered by people with motor disabilities when they use the web are presented. Then, different techniques that can be used by web developers to ensure the accessibility of websites for people with motor disabilities are introduced. At the end a discussion on evaluating and testing the website conformance to the web accessibility standards and guidelines is presented. Several evaluation techniques that can be used for web accessibility evaluation is introduced and explained to clarify the process of web accessibility testing.
Human Papillomavirus associated Cancers as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Defining Illnesses
Authors: Falter Keith J. , Frimer Marina , Lavy Dan , Samuelson Robert , Shahabi Shohreh
Published: July 2013

The Centers for Disease Control currently report cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal and some head and neck cancers as human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers. Only cervical cancer is listed amongst acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining illnesses. All of these cancers may represent progression of the immunocompromised state with the inability to eradicate viral infection. This study reports the case of a 27-year old HIV positive female presenting with a persistent right vulvar exophytic lesion. High-risk HPV analysis and immunostaining for P16 were both positive. A biopsy of the lesion revealed invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy followed by a radical vulvectomy. During treatment, her CD4 T-lymphocyte count decreased to 120 advancing her condition from HIV to AIDS. This case suggests that all HPV-associated cancers should be included as AIDS defining illnesses.
The utilisation of a career conversation framework based on Schein’s career anchors model
Authors: Bezuidenhout Magda , Grobler Anton , Rudolph Elizabeth C.
Published: July 2013

Orientation: This  study  constituted  and  reported  on  the  outcomes  of  a  structured  career conversation  framework  based  on  Schein’s  eight  career  anchors  in  an  open  distance  and e-learning (ODeL) university in South Africa.Research purpose: The purpose of the research was to report on the utilisation of a structured career conversation framework based on Schein’s career anchors model.Motivation for the study: The rationale for the study was the paucity of studies investigating career anchors in South Africa’s multicultural organisational context.Research design, approach and method: A quantitative approach was adopted in the study. The population consisted of 4200 employees at a university in South Africa. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) as well as a Scheffe post hoc test.Main  findings: The  findings  of  this  study  suggest  that  career  conversation  has  a  dynamic nature (i.e. it changes) over a period of time. Consequently, career development interventions in the workplace need to approach the workforce holistically.Practical/managerial implications: The findings and results will assist managers, practitioners and  career  development  specialists  in  the  practical  implementation  of  the  career  anchor concept.Contribution/value-add: The career conversation framework based on Schein’s career anchors has expanded the existing theory to find the right balance between career conversations and career anchors to keep people motivated to perform optimally in an organisation.
Systematic Verification of Upstream Regulators of a Computable Cellular Proliferation Network Model on Non-Diseased Lung Cells Using a Dedicated Dataset
Authors: Belcastro Vincenzo , Poussin Carine , Gebel Stephan , Mathis Carole , Schlage Walter K. , Lichtner Rosemarie B. , Quadt-Humme Sibille , Wagner Sandra , Hoeng Julia , Peitsch Manuel C.
Published: July 2013

We recently constructed a computable cell proliferation network (CPN) model focused on lung tissue to unravel complex biological processes and their exposure-related perturbations from molecular profiling data. The CPN consists of edges and nodes representing upstream controllers of gene expression largely generated from transcriptomics datasets using Reverse Causal Reasoning (RCR). Here, we report an approach to biologically verify the correctness of upstream controller nodes using a specifically designed, independent lung cell proliferation dataset. Normal human bronchial epithelial cells were arrested at G1/S with a cell cycle inhibitor. Gene expression changes and cell proliferation were captured at different time points after release from inhibition. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated cell cycle response specificity via an overrepresentation of proliferation related gene sets. Coverage analysis of RCR-derived hypotheses returned statistical significance for cell cycle response specificity across the whole model as well as for the Growth Factor and Cell Cycle sub-network models.
Second Generation Drug-Eluting Stents: A Review of the Everolimus-Eluting Platform
Authors: Whitbeck Matthew G. , Applegate Robert J.
Published: July 2013

Everolimus-eluting stents (EES) represent the next generation of drug-eluting stents (DES). Important design modifications include thin strut stent backbones, less inflammatory and more biocompatible polymers, and lower drug dosing. The cobalt chromium EES fluoropolymer XIENCE V stent has been the most extensively studied of such stents. In animal models, this stent demonstrated minimal vessel inflammation, a biologically active endothelium with strut coverage similar to a bare metal stent, and inhibition of intimal hyperplasia comparable to that seen with sirolimus-eluting stents. The SPIRIT family of clinical trials demonstrated low rates of late loss, and clinical restenosis, as well as low rates of very late stent thrombosis. These excellent clinical outcomes addressed limitations of the 1st generation DES, and substantiated widespread clinical use of the EES platform.
A New Method for Creating the Bladder Flap
Authors: Hill Alexandria J. , Strong Thomas H.
Published: July 2013

Background

Bladder flaps are commonly created during routine cesarean deliveries and often require multiple steps that increase operating time and expose the surgeon to inadvertent injury.

Objective

We report a simple method of creating a bladder flap that eliminates the need for multiple instrument handoffs and repositioning.

Conclusion

The simplicity of this method allows the surgeon decreased operative entry time while decreasing exposure to injuries from multiple instrument handoffs during bladder flap development.