bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eight-Day Daytime Land Surface Temperature Pattern over Peninsular Malaysia
Authors:   School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Ismail* Nur Arzilah , Ibrahim Wan Zawiah Wan Zin @ Wan ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Yeun Liong Choong ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: December 2019

The monitoring of land surface temperature (LST) can assist scientists to better understand the possible effect of climate change on land cover types and in conducting appropriate analysis. The earth's annual temperature has moved up and down a few degrees Celsius, including Malaysia, over the past few million years. The location of Malaysia near the equator line and experiences tropical monsoon season were important to take into consideration to the LST changes. In this paper, the eight-day LST time series data for 14-year period (Jan 2003 – Dec 2016) was downloaded from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) website with two types of satellites which are Terra and Aqua. This study focused on two gridded areas in Peninsular Malaysia; the first one which is exposed to North East monsoon, namely super region 21 and another one to South West monsoon, which is super region 26. These two areas are selected due to they being the largest land area covered within the grid relative to other grids. The objective of this study is to compare the eight- day daytime LST pattern between two monsoons with different land cover types for both satellites. Analysis such as cubic spline function with the annual periodic boundary condition and weighted least square (WLS) regression were performed to extract annual seasonal trend for the areas covered. The results of LST showed most of the gridded areas experience similar seasonal pattern for each year but different pattern were discovered when both monsoons were considered. Moreover, the LST trends also changed according to the land cover types over the study period.
Advanced Encryption Standard for Data Encryption using EDK Environment in FPGA
Authors:   Department of ECE, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology and Medical Science, Sehore, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Satyanarayana* B. , Srinivasan Dr M. ,   Department of ECE, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology and Medical Science, Sehore, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: December 2019

now a day’s VLSI is developing technology as predicted by Moors law which is drastically increasing as per demand one of that is data security for efficient processing so, data encryption and decryption are major play in security for this an advanced encryption standard is there which uses reconfigurable hardware process in this paper field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) kit of Xilinx based platform in which spartan3E EDK kit is used. Here we analyze the speed of AES algorithm by using this EDK environment where obvious high speed is considerable and with power consumption and throughput exemptions. With micro blaze soft core processer we implement our algorithm of AES by using c coding we configure the hardware structure. EDK tool with one round operation is done and both area utilization and throughput are observed as we are familiar that when area reduces power consumption also reduces.
“Design and Fabrication of Micro Air Vehicle (Mav) with Double-Bubble Fuselage”
Authors:   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India., Sura* Sreekanth , Kumar A.Sai ,   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology,, Mishra Nirmith Kumar ,   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India., Raheman Sohail ,   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India.
Published: December 2019

A micro air vehicle (MAV) is a class of aircraft that has size restriction. The purpose of this project is to design a MAV, the airplane designed will be an RC (Radio Controlled) which can carry highest payload fraction possible with lowest empty weight, based on the guidelines of flight mechanics, aircraft structures, aerodynamics and control systems. This project aims to fabricate the designed MAV emphazing on all the structural aspects and other constraints respectively and to demonstrate its mission profile. The MAV has a double-bubble fuselage configuration with a rectangular high wing having a conventional tail configuration. The lateral cross-section of the wing is a cambered airfoil whose profile governs the lift distribution over the wing span. The wing span is around 4.8 feet and the model is fabricated using balsawood in this project.
Diagnosis of Malaria from Peripheral Blood Smear Images using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Mohana* Dr.M. , Vani Dr. V. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai, K.N Shri Dikshanya ,   Department of Information Technology, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai, B Shruthi. ,   Department of Information Technology, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai, V Vinothini ,   Department of Information Technology, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai
Published: December 2019

Malaria is a deadly disease brought about by Plasmodium parasites which affects the general population through the bites of female mosquitoes, called "malaria vectors." There are about five parasites species that cause malaria in human body, and two of the species namely P. falciparum , P.vivax pose the greatest threat. The most prominent technique to detect malaria is by taking blood smear samples to check if the RBC is affected by parasite under the microscope by qualified experts. It is a complex technique and the diagnosis depends on the experience and inside of the person who performs the examination. Malaria blood smear have been diagnosed earlier using image processing methods based on machine learning. This was not effective so far. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is use in this system which helps in classifying the cells present in the blood smear images as infected or uninfected.
Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Capsule Endoscopy: From Inception to Future
Authors:   Computer Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh - 221005, India., Jani* Kuntesh K. , Srivastava Subodh ,   Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Patna, India., Srivastava Rajeev ,   Computer Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi.
Published: December 2019

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) tract abnormalities are most common across the world, and it is a significant threat to the health of human beings. Capsule endoscopy is a non-sedative, non-invasive and patient-friendly procedure for the diagnosis of GI tract abnormalities. However, it is very time consuming and tiresome task for physicians due to length of endoscopy videos. Thus computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system is a must. Methods: This systematic review aims to investigate state-of-the-art CAD systems for automatic abnormality detection in capsule endoscopy by examining publications from scientific databases namely IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, Springer, and Scopus. Results: Based on defined search criteria and applied inclusion and exclusion criteria, 44 articles are included out of 187. This study presents the current status and analysis of CAD systems for capsule endoscopy. Conclusion: Publicly available larger dataset and a deep learning based CAD system may help to improve the efficiency of automated abnormality detection in capsule endoscopy.
SOCIOLINGUISTIC PRINCIPLES OF THE USE OF ENGLISH IN THE LANGUAGE ACTIVITY OF THE POPULATION OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Rakhimov Ganisher
Published: December 2019

The aim of the paper is to analyze the spread of the English language in Uzbekistan, its place in communicative relations in various socio-economic spheres, sociolinguistic and pragmatic status of English in Uzbekistan. Article addresses sociolinguistic principles of the use of English in the language activity of the population of Uzbekistan, by defining sociolinguistic and pragmatic features of the communicative role of the English language introduced in Uzbekistan, in order to determine the perspectives for its formation. In particular, the article establishes that citizens of the country use English as an international language of communication, it performs a communicative function, and Uzbek serves as a source of knowledge and retains its cognitive function. Besides, the article provides data from an experimental evidence to determine the
specificity of thinking by members of different peoples and identifies the characteristic features of the Eastern way of thinking that affect the English language of the area. The author of the article also gives the results of comparative analysis of grammatical and lexical features of the media language on the example of newspapers “Uzbekistan Today” and “USNews and the World Report”.
Perbandingan Pengaruh Self Correction dan Task Oriented Exercise dengan Klapp Exercise terhadap Derajat Skoliosis Siswa SMP dengan Skoliosis Idiopatik Tipe C
Authors: Kurniawati Nia , Fadilla Noorhana , Ali Mohammad
Published: December 2019

Latar Belakang: Skoliosis merupakan gangguan disfungsi dan deformitas tulang belakang, dengan ciri terdapat kurva lateral yang berkaitan dengan rotasi transversal dan sagital. Self-correction & task oriented exercise merupakan metode latihan dengan memberikan tugas fungsional spesifik yang melibatkan fungsi neuromusculoskeletal. Klapp Exercise berfokus pada gerakan penguluran dan penguatan postur yang mengalami masalah menyebabkan skoliosis. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh Self-correction & Task Oriented Exercise dengan Klapp Exercise terhadap derajat skoliosis siswa SMP dengan skoliosis idiopatik tipe C. Metode penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimental dengan desain two group pre test post test. Populasi penelitian yaitu siswa Kelas 7 dan 8 dengan sampel sebanyak 22 orang yang terbagi dalam 2 kelompok. Pengukuran derajat rotasi skoliosis menggunakan skoliometer untuk data sebelum dan sesudah intervensi.Intervensi dilakukan sebanyak 10 kali, pengulangan selama 3 kali seminggu. Hasil: Uji perbedaan derajat skoliosis sebelum dan sesudah intervensi Self-correction & Task Oriented Exercise dan Klapp Exercisemenggunakan uji paired t-test, didapatkan nilai p 0,0001. Hasil uji perbedaan pengaruh intervensi yang diberikan dilakukan dengan uji independent t-test, didapatkan nilai p 0,699.Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh bermakna pada kedua intervensi. Tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh antarakedua intervensi .

Kata Kunci :Skoliosis, Self correction, Task Oriented Exercise, Klapp Exercise
KEMAMPUAN MENULIS NARATIF GURU BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DI KABUPATEN BOALEMO: SUATU PENELITIAN AWAL
Authors: Darmawati M.R. NFN
Published: December 2019

AbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi kemampuan guru-guru bahasa Indonesia di Kabupaten Boalemo dalam hal menulis teks naratif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam pngumpulaan data adalah analisis isi. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa guru-guru bahasa Indonesia di Kab. Boalemo telah mampu menulis narasi dengan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar. hal itu terlihat dari kaidah Pedoman Umum Bahasa Indonesia yang telah diterapkan dengan baik, penggunaan ejaan yang belum taat azas dan belum sesuai dengan Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia (PUEBI). Akan tetapi, kemampuan tersebut masih harus ditingkatkan dari segi pilihan kata dan ide cerita yang harus lebih variatif.Kata Kunci: literasi, teks naratif, deskriptif, PUEBI AbstractThis paper aims to explore the ability of Indonesia Teachers in Boalemo District in writing narrative teks. This is a descriptive research using qualitatif approach. The method in collecting data was content analysis . From the result of the study found in general, Indonesian language teacher in Boalemo Districs have been able to write narratives in a good way. This can be seen from teh rules of the General Indonesian Spelling Guidelines (PUEBI) which have been applied properly. However, this ability must still be improved in term of words choice and idea of the story must be more varied.Keyword: literacy, teks, descriptive, PUEBI
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, FREE CASH FLOW, SALES GROWTH, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN VARIABEL INTERVENING KEBIJAKAN HUTANG
Authors: Rambe Bhakti Helvi
Published: December 2019

Profitability Analysis, Company Size, Free Cash Flow, Growth Sales, Investment Opportunity Set On Company Value With Intervening Variables Of Debt Policy This research uses causal method. The population is 143 companies, and 45 of them are used as samples, taken using purposive sampling techniques, so that there will be 179 units of observation. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis. The results showed that, simultaneously, profitability, company size, free cash flow (FCF), sales growth, and investment opportunity set (IOS) had a significant effect on firm value. Partially, the variable Profitability and Firm Size has a positive and significant effect on firm value, Free Cash Flow (FCF), Sales Growth, and Investment Opportunities (IOS) have a positive but not significant effect on firm value. Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) has a negative influence on firm value. Simultaneously, Profitability, Firm Size, Free Cash Flow (FCF), Sales Growth, and Investment Opportunity Set (IOS) Investment Opportunity Set (IOS) Partially, the Profitability variable and Firm Size Size have a positive and significant influence on Free Cash Flow ( FCF), Sales Growth has a positive but not significant effect on Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). Meanwhile, Investment Opportunity Set (IOS) has a negative influence on Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), while Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) cannot mediate Profitability correlations, Company Size, Free Cash Flow (FCF), Sales Growth, and Sets Investment Opportunities (IOS) with Company Value.. Keywords:      Profitability, Firm Size, Free Cash Flow, Sales Growth, Investment Opportunity Set, Firm Value, Debt to Equity Ratio
THEORETICAL BASES OF ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF AGRARIAN SPHERE OF THE REGION
Authors: PRIAMUHINA Natalia , MOKRII Olha
Published: December 2019

The theoretical principles of adaptive management of agrarian sphere of the region are formulated
in the article. The current state and main directions of the study of adaptive management are outlined. It
has been identified that adaptive management is an interdisciplinary concept and has a wide scope. Based
on the morphological analysis the following basic approaches to the interdisciplinary interpretation of the
definition of “adaptive management” are identified and substantiated: process, system, structural, system-structural, functional and complex. Representatives of each approach to interpretation are described,
characteristics and advantages and disadvantages are outlined.
The mechanism, functions and stages of forming an adaptive control system at micro- and macro-levels are investigated. On the basis of the performed theoretical analysis, the aut hors formulated the
definition and created the author's model of implementation of adaptive management, which involves
making management decisions based on changes in the environment of the object's existence and its
adaptation to them.
The essential differences of adaptive, anti-crisis and antisipative management are outlined. The
purpose, main task, orientation, period and form of implementation, tools, characters of interaction with
the operating environment, goals, processing and ways of gathering information of such types of
management are investigated.
A wide range of definitions of adaptive management at the micro and macro levels have been
analyzed and evaluated. The concept of adaptive management of agrarian sphere of the region is defined.
The connection between the level of development of infrastructure, institutions, institutes and efficiency of
the economy of the country and agrarian sphere in particular is noted. It is determined that the adaptive
management of the agrarian sphere of the region should be based on a systematic approach using modern
methods of management theory.
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS KATALIS DOLOMIT DAN BATU KAPUR LOKAL DENGAN KATALIS NIKEL KOMERSIAL UNTUK DEKOMPOSISI TOLUEN SEBAGAI MODEL TAR
Authors: Susanto Herri , Ardy Aisyah
Published: December 2019

Kandungan tar akan menyebabkan masalah jika gas produser hasil gasifikasi biomassa digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif di dalam internal combustion engine. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengembangkan katalis penyisihan tar secara optimal dari gas produser. Mineral lokal yang digunakan sebagai katalis adalah dolomit dan batu kapur yang merupakan hasil penambangan dari Padalarang dan Blitar. Percobaan dilakukan dalam sebuah reaktor pipa dengan diameter dalam 2,54 cm dan panjang total 33,5 cm. Jumlah katalis yang digunakan adalah 10 gram dengan ukuran 16/18 mesh. Gas produser dimodelkan oleh uap toluen dengan konsentrasi 0,002-0,004 g/L dan laju alir gas N2  32-38 L/jam yang diukur pada suhu kamar. Temperatur reaktor ditetapkan 500, 600, dan 700oC. Kinerja  proses perengkahan tar  diamati melalui  konsentrasi toluen masuk dan keluar reaktor  perengkahan  tar. Konversi toluen tertinggi adalah 86% dengan menggunakan katalis dolomit pada temperatur 700oC tanpa menggunakan steam. Sebagai perbandingan, penelitian dengan menggunakan katalis nikel menghasilkan konversi toluene sekitar 85%. Kemampuan katalitik dolomit untuk mengkonversi toluen adalah 0,084 mgtoluen/(gkat.menit) sedangkan   batu   kapur   adalah   0,01-0,05   mgtoluen/(gkat.menit).   Perengkahan   toluen   dapat   dilakukan   tanpa menggunakan katalis temperatur 700oC. Kondisi ini sama dengan zona oksinasi pada downdraft gasifier.Kata kunci: tar cracking, steam reforming, katalis alam, gas produser
ANALISIS KERUSAKAN PADA ROTOR TURBIN UAP KAPASITAS 3191 KW
Authors: Ihlas Apriardi
Published: December 2019

Korosi pada turbin uap yang menyebabkan   penurunan kapasitas daya. Telah dievaluasi untuk mengetahui penyebab kerusakan agar kejadian serupa tidak berulang kembali. Untuk itu, dilakukan serangkaian pemeriksaan yang meliputi: pemeriksaan visual, komposisi kimia bahan, pemeriksaan makro dan mikro, dan juga Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Pemeriksaan visual menunjukkan lokasi korosi cenderung semakin parah pada radius terluar dekat sudu. Bentuk kerusakan berupa lubang-lubang yang berbentuk bulat.. Pemeriksaan EDS ditemukan unsur silikon sebagai penyusun senyawa silika, khususnya SiO2. Senyawa keras yang berbentuk partikel halus ini diduga sebagai penyebab kerusakan melalui benturan yang akan menjadi inisiasi korosi lanjutan sebagai korosi lubang. Jadi, tipe kerusakan pada rotor turbin uap ini adalah korosi yang diakibatkan oleh deposit silika yang terbawa oleh uap boiler.Kata Kunci: turbin uap, korosi, deposit silika, korosi lubang.
PERANCANGAN HYBRID DAN SYNCHRONIZER POWER SUPPLY UNTUK PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA DAN GRID PLN
Authors: Saputra Doddy Harja , Soba Jumail
Published: December 2019

Daya listrik yang dihasilkan oleh Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) bersifat fluktuatif  bergantung kepada radiasi sinar matahari yang mengenai modul surya. Sistem sinkronisasi diperlukan ketika daya listrik yang dihasilkan PLTS tidak mampu mensuplai beban, sehingga grid  PLN akan ikut mensuplai daya ke beban (hybrid). Pada penelitian ini dirancang dan dibuat perangkat hybrid dan synhcronizer power supply untuk PLTS dan grid PLN dengan sinkronisasi yang dilakukan pada domain tegangan DC. Pengaturan level tegangan DC pada sisi PLTS dan  grid PLN membuat PLTS menjadi sumber utama untuk mensuplai ke beban sedangkan listrik dari grid PLN akan dipakai ketika energi listrik yang dihasilkan PLTS tidak mencukupi. Uji coba dilakukan untuk mengamati kinerja sistem sinkronisasi yang dirancang pada pukul 08:00 sampai dengan pukul 16:00 dengan pengambilan data konsumsi energi dilakukan setiap 1 jam.  Berdasarkan hasil uji coba dapat ditunjukkan bahwa sistem ini dapat memberikan sinkronisasi antara listrik dari PLTS dan grid PLN untuk mensuplai beban.Kata kunci: Hybrid power supplies, synchronizer power supplies, pembangkit listrik tenaga surya, grid PLN
THE EFFECT OF COUNTER ELECTRODE PREPARATION METHODS TOWARD DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Widiatmoko Pramujo , Devianto Hary , Nurdin Isdiriayani , Adriaan Adriaan , Purwito Henry Natanail
Published: December 2019

Carbon-coated electrodes is superior substitution for platinum electrodes of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). This paper describes effect of electrode coating methods as well as carbon types on the performance of DSSC. The electrodes were prepared using 3 methods, i.e. doctor blade, metering rod and bubble deposition. Commercial industrial-grade and medical-grade activated carbon were used in this research. The DSSC performance was measured from I-V curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, meanwhile the morphology of coated carbon electrode was studied from Scanning Electron Microscope and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. It was found that efficiency of DSSC was higher when the counter electrodes were prepared using doctor blade and bubble deposition methods with medical-grade activated carbon. The highest achievement on light-to-electricity conversion was 3.76%.Keywords: carbon-based electrode, coating methods, performances of DSSC
PENGARUH GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKA SEMEN PORTLAND JENIS-I
Authors: Karim Gaos Abdul , Susilowati Eny , Pratiwi Wieke
Published: December 2019

Penelitian mengenai Pengaruh Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) terhadap Sifat Fisika Semen Portland Jenis-I telah dilakukan. GGBFS kelas aktifitas 100 digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pada Semen Portland Jenis-I dengan variasi GGBFS  pada campuran  yaitu 0% (kontrol), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50 %. Terhadap setiap campuran dilakukan uji kuat tekan, waktu setting, pemuaian dengan autoclave dan pemuaian karena sulfat. Dibandingkan dengan karakter kontrol, kuat tekan mortar pada umur 3 dan 7 hari lebih rendah pada semua variasi, tetapi pada kuat tekan 28 hari, kuat tekan campuran umumnya lebih tinggi dari kontrol dan optimum pada perbandingan 50:50. Penambahan GGBFS menyebabkan penambahan waktu setting, penurunan sifat pemuaian  pada uji pemuaian dengan autoclave,  dan penurunan pemuaian karena sulfat.Kata kunci:  GGBFS, kuat tekan, pemuaian dengan autoclave, pemuaian karena sulfat.
The 3D Kinematics of Gas in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Murray Claire E. , Peek J. E. G. , Di Teodoro Enrico M. , McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Dickey John M. , Dénes Helga
Published: December 2019

We investigate the kinematics of neutral gas in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and test the hypothesis that it is rotating in a disk. To trace the 3D motions of the neutral gas distribution, we identify a sample of young, massive stars embedded within it. These are stars with radial velocity measurements from spectroscopic surveys and proper motion measurements from Gaia, whose radial velocities match with dominant H i components. We compare the observed radial and tangential velocities of these stars with predictions from the state-of-the-art rotating disk model based on high-resolution 21 cm observations of the SMC from the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder telescope. We find that the observed kinematics of gas-tracing stars are inconsistent with disk rotation. We conclude that the kinematics of gas in the SMC are more complex than can be inferred from the integrated radial velocity field. As a result of violent tidal interactions with the Large Magellanic Cloud, nonrotational motions are prevalent throughout the SMC, and it is likely composed of distinct substructures overlapping along the line of sight.
Exomoons in the Habitable Zones of M Dwarfs
Authors: Martínez-Rodríguez Héctor , Caballero José Antonio , Cifuentes Carlos , Piro Anthony L. , Barnes Rory
Published: December 2019

M dwarfs host most of the exoplanets in the local Milky Way. Some of these
planets, ranging from sub-Earths to super-Jupiters, orbit in their stars’
habitable zones (HZs), although many likely possess surface environments that
preclude habitability. Moreover, exomoons around these planets could harbor life
for long timescales and thus may also be targets for biosignature surveys. Here
we investigate the potential habitability, stability, and detectability of
exomoons around exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs. We first compile an updated list
of known M-dwarf exoplanet hosts, comprising 109 stars and 205 planets. For each
M dwarf, we compute and update precise luminosities with the Virtual Observatory
spectral energy distribution Analyzer and Gaia DR2 parallaxes
to determine inner and outer boundaries of their HZs. For each planet, we
retrieve (or, when necessary, homogeneously estimate) their masses and radii,
calculate the long-term dynamical stability of hypothetical moons, and identify
those planets that can support habitable moons. We find that 33 exoplanet
candidates are located in the HZs of their host stars and that four of them
could host Moon- to Titan-mass exomoons for timescales longer than the Hubble
time.
New Insights on the Collisional Depolarization of the Second Solar Spectrum of the Sr i 4607 Å Line
Authors: Derouich M.
Published: December 2019

The spectrum of the linear polarization generated by scattering of anisotropic radiation near to the limb is called second solar spectrum (SSS). Our purpose is to present a new approach that allows accurate determination of the collisional depolarization rate D
2 of the SSS of the Sr i 4607 Å line. Most of the inaccuracy in determining the depolarization rate arises from errors in obtaining the interaction potential between the Sr i and H i atoms. To improve the accuracy of the depolarization rate, we determine hybrid potentials based on (1) ab initio quantum chemistry potentials for small interatomic distances; (2) Rayleigh–Schrödinger–Unsöld (RSU) potentials for large interatomic distances; and (3) joining the RSU and ab initio potentials by reasonably accurate interpolation to describe the interaction in the intermediate interatomic distances. The obtained hybrid potentials are used to infer new accurate hybrid depolarization rate for solar applications. Interestingly, we show that values of the hybrid rates are remarkably stable under the variation of the methods employed to compute hybrid potentials. Expected percentage of imprecision on the solar magnetic value resulting from a hypothetical inaccuracy in the D
2 is evaluated.
Globular Cluster Systems and X-Ray Atmospheres in Galaxies*
Authors: Harris Gretchen L. H. , Babyk Iu. V. , Harris William E. , McNamara B. R.
Published: December 2019

We compare the empirical relationships between the mass of a galaxy’s globular cluster system (GCS) M
GCS, the gas mass in the hot X-ray atmosphere M

X
within a fiducial radius of 5r

e
, the total gravitational mass M
grav within 5r

e
, and lastly the total halo mass M

h
calibrated from weak lensing. We use a sample of 45 early-type galaxies for which both GCS and X-ray data are available; all the galaxies in our sample are relatively high-mass with M

h
 > 1012
M
⊙. We find that

, similar to the previously known scaling relation

. Both components scale much more steeply than the more well known dependence of total stellar mass

for luminous galaxies. These results strengthen previous suggestions that feedback had little effect on formation of the GCS. The current data are also used to measure the relative mass fractions of baryonic matter and dark matter within 5r

e
. We find a strikingly uniform mean of

with few outliers and an rms scatter of ±0.07. This result is in good agreement with two recent suites of hydrodynamic galaxy formation models.
A Comparison between Faraday Tomography and Synchrotron Polarization Gradients
Authors: Ho Ka Wai , Yuen Ka Ho , Leung Po Kin , Lazarian A.
Published: December 2019

Observations of synchrotron polarization at multiple frequencies in the presence of Faraday rotation can provide a way to reconstruct the 3D magnetic field distribution. In this paper we compare the well known Faraday Tomography (FT) technique to a new approach, Synchrotron Polarization Gradients (SPGs). We compare the strengths and limitations of the two techniques, and describe their synergy. In particular, we show that in situations when the FT technique fails, e.g., due to insufficient frequency coverage, the SPG can still trace the 3D structure of a magnetic field.
Aggregate Growth and Internal Structures of Chondrite Parent Bodies Forming from Dense Clumps
Authors: Matsumoto Yuji , Wakita Shigeru , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Oshino Shoichi
Published: December 2019

The major components of chondrites are chondrules and matrix. Measurements of volatile abundance in Semarkona chondrules suggest that chondrules formed in a dense clump that had a higher solid density than the gas density in the solar nebula. We investigate collisions between chondrules and matrix in the surface region of dense clumps using fluffy aggregate growth models. Our simulations show that the collisional growth of aggregates composed of chondrules and matrix takes place in the clumps well before they experience gravitational collapse. The internal structure of chondrite parent bodies (CPBs) can be thereby determined by aggregate growth. We find that the aggregate growth generates two scales within CPBs. The first scale is involved with the small-scale distribution of chondrules and determined by the early growth stage, where chondrules accrete aggregates composed of matrix grains. This accretion can reproduce the thickness of the matrix layer around chondrules found in chondrites. The other scale is related to the large-scale distribution of chondrules. Its properties (e.g., the abundance of chondrules and the overall size) depend on the gas motion within the clump, which is parameterized in this work. Our work thus suggests that the internal structure of CPBs may provide important clues about their formation conditions and mechanisms.
Indonesian Version of Addiction Rating Scale of Smartphone Usage Adapted from Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) In Junior High School
Authors: Arthy Cindy Chias , Effendy Elmeida , Amin Mustafa Mahmud , Loebis Bahagia , Camellia Vita , Husada Muhammad Surya
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: The increase of smartphone user among Indonesian junior high school students, particularly for teenagers, indicates the addiction factor of the smartphone.
AIM: This research is designed to adapt the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SASS-SV) to Indonesian version based on cultural adaptation of the rating scale.
METHODS: This study involves 300 participants consisted of 151 of male children and 149 female children with an average age is 13.27 years-of-old. The validity of concurrent was used to obtain the validity, while the internal consistency and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) were conducted to confirm the reliability of the rating scale.
RESULTS: In purpose to measure internal consistency, the Cronbach alpha has been applied. The Cronbach alpha value was 0.740, and Concurrent validity was checked to NMP the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) based on Indonesian version. The analysis of ROC showed that the value of Area under the Curve (AUC) was 0.997 (0.990-1.000), with cut-off value accounted for ≥ 32, a sensitivity value of 0.91 and specificity value was 0.973 for the male children. On the hand of female children, the results showed similarity with the AUC was 0.996 (0.998-1.000), and the cut-off, sensitivity and specificity values were accounted for ≥ 34, 0.91, and 0.974 respectively.
CONCLUSION: The Indonesian version of SAS-SV provided acceptable validation results as well as the reliability, and this version can be used to evaluate the smartphone addiction in Indonesia.
Challenges and Barriers to Providing Care to Older Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Heydari Abbas , Sharifi Mohammadhesam , Bagheri Moghaddam Ahmad
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Enhancing the quality of care for elderly patients needs an understanding of the challenges and obstacles experienced by the intensive care unit (ICU) staff in providing care.
AIM: To explore the most challenging issues experienced by ICU staff, in particular, nurses, in the care of elderly patients in the general adult ICU.
DESIGN: A qualitative research design was employed. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) were followed.
METHODS: Based on theoretical sampling, we carried out 34 in-depth semi-structured interviews from two medical adult ICUs. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative conventional content analysis.
RESULTS: Data analysis led to the identification of three interrelated categories and 12 subcategories. Three main categories were factors related to nursesâ€™ attitude in elderly care, factors related to the system of care, and factors related to the models of patient care delivery. These categories came under the main theme of "Inappropriate and unfair system for elderly care".
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study increase scholarly understanding of challenges and barriers to providing care to elderly patients in the general adult ICU. We found that the provision of care to elderly patients is inappropriate and unfair. Various obstacles must be overcome to improve the care of these patients. For example, negative attitudes toward elder care, inappropriate environments, lack of resources, lack of knowledge and skills, a specialized model of care delivery, respect for humanity, care without considering patient age, and separating professional conflicts from patient care. These findings may be used by ICUâ€™s caregivers and managers to improve the quality of care.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Various obstacles were documented that need to be overcome by hospital administrators, nursing managers, clinical nurses, nursing educators, nursing researchers to improve the care of elderly patients admitted to ICU.
Effect of growth hormone releasing hormone on chondrocytes of osteoarthritis
Authors: LI Zhuoran , LI Yao
Published: December 2019

Background/Aims: To evaluate the effect and possible mechanism of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) on chondrocytes of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods: Articular chondrocytes were cultured and the expression of GHRH receptor in chondrocytes was detected. Then recombinant adenovirus GHRH (Ad- GHRH) was transfected to one group of chondrocytes. The expression of collagen type II, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in each experimental group was determined by Western blot.Results: The GHRH receptor was expressed in chondrocytes, and this provided a basis for further study of the role of GHRH in chondrocytes. Cell proliferation of the Ad-GHRH group was significantly higher than that of the OA group by CCK-8 assay. Compared with the OA-group, the protein expression of MMP‑13 was decreased in the Ad-GHRH group. Compared with the OA-group, the protein expression of collagen type II, phosphorylated STAT3 (P-STAT3) were increased in the Ad-GHRH group.Conclusions: Our results show that the GHRH receptor is expressed in chondrocytes. GHRH can promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and the synthesis of type II collagen, and increase the extracellular matrix, which is achieved by phosphorylated STAT3 protein.
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Photodynamic Therapy in Patients With Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Park Young Joo , Kim Yong-Kyu , Park Kyu Hyung , Woo Se Joon
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the long-term results of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

The authors reviewed patients with chronic CSCR treated with verteporfin PDT in their hospital and followed up for 36 months or longer.

RESULTS:

Among 94 eyes, 76 eyes underwent half-fluence PDT (80.9%), 12 eyes (12.8%) underwent half-dose PDT, and six eyes (6.4%) underwent standard PDT. Mean follow-up duration was 58.1 months± 20.3 months. Mean best-corrected visual acuity improved by 0.15 ± 0.31 logMAR. Seventy-two eyes (77%) had resolution of subretinal fluid 1 month after treatment. Nine eyes (9.6%) showed nonresponse, and 23 (24.5%) showed recurrence. Older age (
P
= .009) and smaller macular thickness reduction post-PDT (
P
= .017) were associated with nonresponse. Male sex (
P
= .021), bilateral CSCR (
P
= .008), and smaller choroidal thickness reduction (
P
= .024) were associated with recurrence. Retreatment using PDT resulted in a 90% success rate.

CONCLUSIONS:

Verteporfin PDT for chronic CSCR conferred good visual outcomes, as well as good safety results up to mean 5 years. Although the disease recurred in about one-fifth of the eyes, additional PDT conferred a good response rate.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:760–770.]
Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein Angiography as a Biomarker for Response to Switch in Therapy in Persistent DME
Authors: Bahrami Bobak , Hong Thomas , Peto Tunde , Chang Andrew
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To explore the effect of peripheral ischemia identified on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) as a biomarker of response to a switch in therapy from bevacizumab to aflibercept in persistent diabetic macular edema (DME).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Prospective clinical trial of 38 eyes from 38 patients previously treated with bevacizumab and persistent DME. Patients subsequently received aflibercept per protocol and were followed up for 48 weeks. UWFA was obtained for all patients at baseline and 48 weeks. Images were graded and used to calculate an overall ischemic index (II) and macular ischemic index (MII). II was compared with visual and central macular thickness (CMT) outcomes. Paired and independent samples
t
-tests and Fisher's exact tests were used to assess change and associations.

RESULTS:

Patients with an II greater than or equal to 50% at baseline had a poorer baseline visual acuity (VA) (60.1 ± 10.2 vs. 70.7 ± 9.0 letters;
P
= .005) and a worse MII (6.9 ± 25 vs. 56 ± 52%;
P
< .001). These patients gained significantly more vision at 48 weeks (8.3 ± 9.3 vs. 2.6 ± 5.9 letters;
P
= .03). At 48 weeks, there was no significant difference in VA of patients with an II greater or less than 50% (68.4 ± 6.0 vs. 73.3 ± 9.6 letters;
P
= .16).

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients with persistent DME treated with bevacizumab and worse II had poorer baseline VA, potentially due to worse macular ischemia. These patients had greater visual gain with similar final visual outcomes of those without marked peripheral ischemia subsequent to switching to aflibercept.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:771–778.]
Functional Performance of Firefighters After Exposure to Environmental Conditions and Exercise
Authors: Games Kenneth E. , Winkelmann Zachary K. , McGinnis Kaitlin D. , McAdam Jeremy S. , Pascoe David D. , Sefton JoEllen M.
Published: December 2019

Context

Slips, trips, and falls are leading causes of musculoskeletal injuries in firefighters. Researchers have hypothesized that heat stress is the major contributing factor to these fireground injuries.

Objective

To examine the effect of environmental conditions, including hot and ambient temperatures, and exercise on functional and physiological outcome measures, including balance, rectal temperature, and perceived exertion.

Design

Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting

Laboratory environmental chamber.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 13 healthy, active career firefighters (age = 26 ± 6 years [range = 19–35 years], height = 178.61 ± 4.93 cm, mass = 86.56 ± 16.13 kg).

Intervention(s)

Independent variables consisted of 3 conditions (exercise in heat [37.41°C], standing in heat [37.56°C], and exercise in ambient temperature [14.24°C]) and 3 data-collection times (preintervention, postintervention, and postrecovery). Each condition was separated from the others by at least 1 week and lasted a maximum of 40 minutes or until the participant reached volitional fatigue or a rectal temperature of 40.0°C.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Firefighting-specific functional balance performance index, rectal temperature, and rating of perceived exertion.

Results

Exercise in the heat decreased functional balance, increased rectal temperature, and altered the perception of exertion compared with the other intervention conditions.

Conclusions

A bout of exercise in a hot, humid environment increased rectal temperature in a similar way to that reported in the physically active population and negatively affected measures of functional balance. Rather than independently affecting balance, the factors of exercise and heat stress appeared to combine, leading to an increased likelihood of slips, trips, and falls.
The real-world experience with nivolumab in previously treated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer from a cancer center in India
Authors: Abbas Waseem , Acharya Rudra Prasad , Pandit Archit , Gupta Saurabh , Rao Ranga Raju
Published: December 2019

Background: PDL-1 inhibitors have emerged as the new standard of care for second line treatment of NSCLC. Methods: Eligible patients included, histologically proven NSCLC, ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status of 0, 1 or 2, age 18 years and above, availability of pre-treatment tumor specimen, adequate end organ function, at least one prior platinum-based therapy. Patients who received a minimum of 6 doses of nivolumab were eligible. Results: Eleven previously treated patients with chemotherapy, started on nivolumab from April of 2016 to December of 2018, were retrospectively studied and analysed. The median age of patients was 58 years. Eight (72.73%) of the eleven patients were male. Seven (63.64%) of the patients were current or former smokers. Majority of patients had non-squamous histology; seven (63.64%) adenocarcinoma and four (36.36%) squamous cell carcinoma. 5 (45.46%) of the patients received one prior therapy, three (27.27%) received two prior therapies, and three (27.27%) received three prior therapies. Four (36.36%) of the patients had brain metastasis. Two (18.18%) of the patients were more than 70 years of age. Median number of cycles of nivolumab administered were 10 (range, 6 to 21). At the time of analysis, the median PFS was 8 months (95% CI, 1.52-14.47) and median OS was 15 months (95% CI, 6.9-23.09). Treatment was well tolerated and generally side effects were grade 1 and grade 2, except two patients who develop grade 3/4 pneumonitis. Conclusions: This is a real-world study of eleven previously treated patients with chemotherapy, started on Nivolumab from April of 2016 to December of 2018. Although, our sample size was small, our data supports the use of nivolumab as a new treatment option for patients of stage 4 NSCLC.
Incidence of febrile neutropenia with commonly used chemotherapy regimen in localized breast cancer
Authors: Palukuri Nageswara Reddy , Yedla Rajani Priya , Bala Stalin Chowdary , Kuruva Siva Prasad , Chennamaneni Rachana , Konatam Meher Lakshmi , Gundeti Sadashivudu
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among the women. Most commonly used chemotherapy regimen is Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide (AC) which carries significant risk of febrile neutropenia. The aim of the study is to identify the incidence of febrile neutropenia and its effects on the delivery of chemotherapy in patients receiving following AC chemoregimen without primary prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the case records of the localized breast cancer patients who were treated with AC chemoregimen without primary prophylaxis for febrile neutropenia. Results: Between 2013 and 2017, a total of 231 cases received AC chemoregimen. A total of 14 (6.1%) patients were found to have febrile neutropenia. All patients were recovered by day 19 and no deaths were observed. Except for ECOG performance status (P = 0.001) no significant association was found with age, co-morbidities, menopausal status, body surface area and stage of the cancer. There were no treatment delays or dose reductions because of febrile neutropenia. Conclusion: The incidence of FN with AC chemotherapy in breast cancer patients is relatively less in the present study. Routine primary prophylaxis is not recommended as this chemotherapy falls in to low risk category for FN but can be considered for patients with ECOG PS > 1. If the diagnosis of febrile neutropenia and institution of appropriate measures are prompt, FN did not affect the delivery of chemotherapy and thus compromise survival.
Pediatric cancers in Bihar: A retrospective tertiary cancer center study
Authors: Pandey Avinash , Singh Anjana , Kumar Vijendra , Prakash Jayant , Ranu Ritesh , Thakur Vinit , Gupta Anand Kumar , Singh Shivkant
Published: December 2019

Background: There is lack of information regarding pattern of distribution of pediatric cancers in Bihar. Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the pattern of distribution of pediatric cancers. Objectives: To analyze demographic data, type, and pattern of pediatric cancers in Bihar by retrospective clinical audit. Materials and Methods: All individual consecutive patients between ages 0 and 18 years registered in the Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology from January 1, 2018 till December 31, 2018, were enrolled in this study. Data pertaining to age, sex, and type of cancer were retrieved from clinical database by retrospective audit and stratified into hematolymphoid and solid pediatric cancer cohorts. Frequency distribution and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data using SPSS version 17.0. Results: A total of 247 pediatric cancers were registered, of which 142/247 (57%) and 15/247 (43%) were pediatric hematolymphoid and solid cancers, respectively. The median age was 9 years, while male-to-female ratio was 2.26. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 76/247 (31%) was the most common pediatric cancer overall. Hodgkin's lymphoma, 27/142 (19%) was the second most common hematolymphoid malignancy, after ALL was 76/142 (54%). Among solid tumors, Wilms' tumor was the most common, 28/105 (27%) followed by Ewing's sarcoma, 16/105 (15%), and germ cell tumor, 15/105 (14%). Central nervous system malignancies were among the least common solid tumor cancers, 3/105 (3%). Conclusion: ALL and Hodgkin's lymphoma are the most common pediatric cancers. Among solid malignancies, Wilms tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, and Germ cell tumor are predominant.