bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overcoming the coherence time barrier in quantum machine learning on temporal data
Authors: Hu Fangjun , Khan Saeed A. , Bronn Nicholas T. , Angelatos Gerasimos , Rowlands Graham E. , Ribeill Guilhem J. , Türeci Hakan E.
Published: August 2024

The practical implementation of many quantum algorithms known today is limited by the coherence time of the executing quantum hardware and quantum sampling noise. Here we present a machine learning algorithm, NISQRC, for qubit-based quantum systems that enables inference on temporal data over durations unconstrained by decoherence. NISQRC leverages mid-circuit measurements and deterministic reset operations to reduce circuit executions, while still maintaining an appropriate length persistent temporal memory in the quantum system, confirmed through the proposed Volterra Series analysis. This enables NISQRC to overcome not only limitations imposed by finite coherence, but also information scrambling in monitored circuits and sampling noise, problems that persist even in hypothetical fault-tolerant quantum computers that have yet to be realized. To validate our approach, we consider the channel equalization task to recover test signal symbols that are subject to a distorting channel. Through simulations and experiments on a 7-qubit quantum processor we demonstrate that NISQRC can recover arbitrarily long test signals, not limited by coherence time.
Strain fingerprinting of exciton valley character in 2D semiconductors
Authors: Kumar Abhijeet M. , Yagodkin Denis , Rosati Roberto , Bock Douglas J. , Schattauer Christoph , Tobisch Sarah , Hagel Joakim , Höfer Bianca , Kirchhof Jan N. , Hernández López Pablo , Burfeindt Kenneth , Heeg Sebastian , Gahl Cornelius , Libisch Florian , Malic Ermin , Bolotin Kirill I.
Published: August 2024

Intervalley excitons with electron and hole wavefunctions residing in different valleys determine the long-range transport and dynamics observed in many semiconductors. However, these excitons with vanishing oscillator strength do not directly couple to light and, hence, remain largely unstudied. Here, we develop a simple nanomechanical technique to control the energy hierarchy of valleys via their contrasting response to mechanical strain. We use our technique to discover previously inaccessible intervalley excitons associated with K, Γ, or Q valleys in prototypical 2D semiconductors WSe2 and WS2. We also demonstrate a new brightening mechanism, rendering an otherwise “dark” intervalley exciton visible via strain-controlled hybridization with an intravalley exciton. Moreover, we classify various localized excitons from their distinct strain response and achieve large tuning of their energy. Overall, our valley engineering approach establishes a new way to identify intervalley excitons and control their interactions in a diverse class of 2D systems.
Genomic insights on carotenoid synthesis by extremely halophilic archaea Haloarcula rubripromontorii BS2, Haloferax lucentense BBK2 and Halogeometricum borinquense E3 isolated from the solar salterns of India
Authors: Nagar Devika. N. , Mani Kabilan , Braganca Judith M.
Published: August 2024

Haloarchaeal cultures were isolated from solar salterns of Goa and Tamil Nadu and designated as BS2, BBK2 and E3. These isolates grew with a characteristic bright orange to pink pigmentation and were capable of growing in media containing upto 25% (w/vol) NaCl. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the three haloarchaeal strains BS2, BBK2 and E3 indicated an assembled genomic size of 4.1 Mb, 3.8 Mb and 4 Mb with G + C content of 61.8, 65.6 and 59.8% respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the archaeal isolates belong to Haloarcula, Haloferax and Halogeometricum genera. Haloarcula rubripromontorii BS2  was predicted to have 4292 genes with 4242 CDS regions, 46 tRNAs, 6 rRNAs and 3 misc_RNAs. In case of Haloferaxlucentense  BBK2, 3840 genes with 3780 CDS regions were detected along with 52 tRNAs, 5 rRNAs and 3 misc_RNAs. Halogeometricumborinquense  E3 contained 4101 genes, 4043 CDS regions, 52 tRNAs, 4 rRNAs, and 2 misc_RNAs. The functional annotation and curation of the haloarchaeal genome, revealed C50 carotenoid biosynthetic genes like phytoene desaturase/carotenoid 3′ -4′ desaturase (crtI), lycopene elongase (ubiA/lyeJ) and carotenoid biosynthesis membrane protein (cruF) in the three isolates. Whereas crtD (C-3′,4′ desaturase), crtY (lycopene cyclase) and brp/blh (β-carotene dioxygenase) genes were identified only in BS2.
UAMC-3203 inhibits ferroptosis and promotes functional recovery in rats with spinal cord injury
Authors: Kan Shunli , Feng Sa , Zhao Xinyan , Chen Ziyu , Zhou Mengmeng , Liu Linyan , Zhu Haoqiang , Cheng Yuelin , Fu Xuanhao , Hu Wei , Zhu Rusen
Published: August 2024

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in irreversible neurological impairment. After SCI, Ferritinophagy-induced free iron released from ferritin can lead to extensive lipid peroxidation and aggravate neurological damage. NRF2/HO-1 pathway is to endow cells with a protective effect against oxidative stress, and it plays an important role in the transcriptional activation of a series of antioxidant and detoxification genes. UAMC-3203 is a ferrostatin-1(Fer-1) analogue with better solubility and stability, which can more effectively inhibit ferroptosis after SCI. A rat SCI model was constructed, and the recovery of motor function was observed after treatment with UAMC-3203. ELISA was employed to assess the impact of UAMC-3203 on inflammation-related factors, while immunofluorescence was utilized to investigate the influence of UAMC-3203 on neuronal count as well as the activation of astrocytes and microglia/macrophages. Malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected to reflect the level of oxidation products. Western blot analysis was used to measure the level of ferroptosis markers and the expression of NRF2/HO-1. Our findings demonstrate that UAMC-3203 inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides, preventing ferroptosis and reducing neuronal degeneration. Additionally, UAMC-3203 suppresses astrocyte proliferation and microglia/macrophage activation, as well as the release of ferroptosis-related inflammatory factors. These combined effects contribute to the preservation of spinal cord tissue and the facilitation of motor function recovery. UAMC-3203 maybe inhibit ferroptosis after SCI to promote functional recovery.
A Pan Plasmodium lateral flow recombinase polymerase amplification assay for monitoring malaria parasites in vectors and human populations
Authors: Higgins Matthew , Kristan Mojca , Collins Emma L. , Messenger Louisa A. , Dombrowski Jamille G. , Vanheer Leen N. , Nolder Debbie , Drakeley Christopher J. , Stone William , Mahamar Almahamoudou , Bousema Teun , Delves Michael , Bandibabone Janvier , N’Do Sévérin , Bantuzeko Chimanuka , Zawadi Bertin , Walker Thomas , Sutherland Colin J. , Marinho Claudio R. F. , Cameron Mary M. , Clark Taane G. , Campino Susana
Published: August 2024

Robust diagnostic tools and surveillance are crucial for malaria control and elimination efforts. Malaria caused by neglected Plasmodium parasites is often underestimated due to the lack of rapid diagnostic tools that can accurately detect these species. While nucleic-acid amplification technologies stand out as the most sensitive methods for detecting and confirming Plasmodium species, their implementation in resource-constrained settings poses significant challenges. Here, we present a Pan Plasmodium recombinase polymerase amplification lateral flow (RPA–LF) assay, capable of detecting all six human infecting Plasmodium species in low resource settings. The Pan Plasmodium RPA-LF assay successfully detected low density clinical infections with a preliminary limit of detection between 10–100 fg/µl for P. falciparum. When combined with crude nucleic acid extraction, the assay can serve as a point-of-need tool for molecular xenomonitoring. This utility was demonstrated by screening laboratory-reared Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes fed with Plasmodium-infected blood, as well as field samples of An. funestus s.l. and An. gambiae s.l. collected from central Africa. Overall, our proof-of-concept Pan Plasmodium diagnostic tool has the potential to be applied for clinical and xenomonitoring field surveillance, and after further evaluation, could become an essential tool to assist malaria control and elimination.
Geospatial data for peer-to-peer communication among autonomous vehicles using optimized machine learning algorithm
Authors: Aruna T. M. , Kumar Piyush , Naresh E. , Divyaraj G. N. , Asha K. , Thirumalraj Arunadevi , Srinidhi N. N. , Yadav Arunkumar
Published: August 2024

The transportation infrastructure of the future will be based on autonomous vehicles. When it comes to transportation, both emerging and established nations are keen on perfecting systems based on autonomous vehicles. Transportation authorities in the United States report that driver error accounts for over 60% of all accidents each year. Almost everywhere in the world is the same. Since the idea of self-driving cars involves a fusion of hardware and software. Despite the rapid expansion of the software business and the widespread adoption of cutting-edge technologies like AI, ML, Data Science, Big Data, etc. However, the identification of natural disasters and the exchange of data between vehicles present the greatest hurdle to the development of autonomous vehicles. The suggested study primarily focused on data cleansing from the cars, allowing for seamless interaction amongst autonomous vehicles. This study's overarching goal is to look at creating a novel kind of Support Vector Machine kernel specifically for P2P networks. To meet the kernel constraints of Mercer's theorem, a newly proposed W-SVM (Weighted-SVM) kernel was produced by using an appropriately converted weight vector derived through hybrid optimization. Given the advantages of both the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and the Elephant Herding Optimisation (EHO), combining them for hybridization would be fantastic. Combining the GWO algorithm with the EHO algorithm increases its convergence speed, as well as its exploitation and exploration performances. Therefore, a new hybrid optimization approach is proposed in this study for selecting weights in SVM optimally. When compared to other machine learning methods, the suggested model is shown to be superior in its ability to handle such issues and to produce optimal solutions.
Perceptions of biodiversity loss among future decision-makers in 37 countries
Authors: Kleespies Matthias Winfried , Hahn-Klimroth Max , Dierkes Paul Wilhelm
Published: August 2024

The decline of global biodiversity is a major environmental issue with far-reaching consequences for humans and the Earth System. When it comes to biodiversity conservation, university students play an important role because, as future decision makers, they will have an important influence on how society deals with biodiversity loss. Until now, there has been no international research examining how these future decision-makers in society perceive the causes of biodiversity loss. Using a recent method customized for this data, we show here that there are eight distinct response types across the 37 countries studied that differ in their perceptions of the drivers of biodiversity loss. In one of these response types, climate change was underestimated, while in others pollution or invasive species were rated substantially lower compared to the other main drivers. The distribution of the eight response types varied between the countries. Our results demonstrate how future decision-makers around the world evaluate the drivers of biodiversity loss. Country-specific conditions and differences between the surveyed countries were revealed. The findings serve as a starting point for decision-makers around the world to tailor education programs and policy measurements to the circumstances in their countries.
Quantum topological photonics with special focus on waveguide systems
Authors: Gao Jun , Xu Ze-Sheng , Yang Zhaoju , Zwiller Val , Elshaari Ali W.
Published: August 2024

In the burgeoning field of quantum topological photonics, waveguide systems play a crucial role. This perspective delves into the intricate interplay between photonic waveguides and topological phenomena, underscoring the theoretical underpinnings of topological insulators and their photonic manifestations. We highlight key milestones and breakthroughs in topological photonics using waveguide systems, alongside an in-depth analysis of their fabrication techniques and tunability. The discussion includes the technological advancements and challenges, limitations of current methods, and potential strategies for improvement. This perspective also examines the quantum states of light in topological waveguides, where the confluence of topology and quantum optics promises robust avenues for quantum communication and computing. Concluding with a forward-looking view, we aim to inspire new research and innovation in quantum topological photonics, highlighting its potential for the next generation of photonic technologies.
Electrochemistry of chloramphenicol on laser-induced graphene electrodes and its voltammetric determination in honey
Authors: Inoque Nélio Inácio Gravata , Abarza Muñoz Rodrigo Alejandro
Published: August 2024

Laser scribing enables rapid and large-scale production of low-cost graphene-based electrochemical sensors for contaminants detection in honey.
Dual-pore protocells with multitasking capacities for simultaneous delivery of therapeutic enzymes and drugs in macrophage depletion therapy
Authors: Parra-Nieto Jorge , Arroyo-Nogales Alicia , Marcos-Fernández Diana , Jimenez-Falcao Sandra , Arribas Carmen , Megias Diego , Gonzalez-Murillo África , Ramirez Manuel , Baeza Alejandro
Published: August 2024

Macrophages play a key role in tumour progression. Herein, novel multitasking protocells with capacity to deplete macrophages by the combined action of cytotoxic drug release, glucose starvation and oxygen generation are presented.
Base-modified factor VIII mRNA delivery with galactosylated lipid nanoparticles as a protein replacement therapy for haemophilia A
Authors: Arjunan Porkizhi , Mahalingam Gokulnath , Sankar Priyanka , Kathirvelu Durga , Suresh Sevanthy , Rani Sandya , Mohankumar Kumarasamypet M. , Thangavel Saravanabhavan , Marepally Srujan
Published: August 2024

Development of a novel therapeutic strategy to treat Haemophilia A, encompassing liver-specific Gal-LNPs mediated delivery and enhanced mRNA translation for effective production of functional Factor VIII with a therapeutically relevant precision.
Conformational dependence of chemical shifts in the proline rich region of TAU protein
Authors: Stöckelmaier Johannes , Oostenbrink Chris
Published: August 2024

Chemical shifts of a stretched and a globular conformer of one TAU-protein fragment are calculated. The conformational sensitivity of each chemical shift is evaluated.
Excited state electronic structure of dimethyl disulfide involved in photodissociation at ∼200 nm
Authors: Rishi Varun , Cole-Filipiak Neil C. , Ramasesha Krupa , McCaslin Laura M.
Published: August 2024

Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), one of the smallest organic molecules with an S–S bond, serves as a model system for understanding photofragmentation in polypeptides and proteins.
Pellet dispensomixer and pellet distributor: open hardware for nanocomposite space exploration via automated material compounding
Authors: Hernández-del-Valle Miguel , Ilarraza-Zuazo Jorge , Dios-Lázaro Enrique , Rubio Javier , Audoux Joris , Haranczyk Maciej
Published: August 2024

We present do-it-yourself instruments that can be both adopted and adapted to fit your self-driving lab.
Four-step electron transfer coupled spin transition in a cyano-bridged [Fe2Co2] square complex
Authors: Ikeda Taisuke , Huang Yu-Bo , Wu Shu-Qi , Zheng Wenwei , Xu Wen-Huang , Zhang Xiaopeng , Ji Tianchi , Uematsu Mikoto , Kanegawa Shinji , Su Sheng-Qun , Sato Osamu
Published: August 2024

Four-step electron transfer coupled spin transition was achieved in a cyano-bridged [Fe2Co2] square complex.
Effect of branching in the alkyl chain of diglycolamide on the sequestration of tetravalent actinides: solvent extraction and theoretical studies
Authors: Gujar Rajesh B. , Verma Parveen K. , Bhattacharyya Arunasis , Mohapatra Prasanta K. , Egberink Richard J. M. , Huskens Jurriaan , Verboom Willem
Published: August 2024

The n-butyl DGA derivative has optimum balance of lipophilicity and hydrophilicity for extracted species, and hence enhanced extraction efficiency compared to other close branched/linear derivatives in the present molecular solvent system.
Crystal structure, optical properties and thermal properties of M2[W2O3(SO4)6] (M = Y, Eu, Tb, Lu, Bi)
Authors: Wessels Vivien , Kügle Sofia , Höppe Henning A.
Published: August 2024

Sulfatotungstates are an exciting new class of compounds. These rare-earth compounds show an unusual disorder of tungsten and promising optical properties combined with reasonable thermal stability.
Synergistic control of multilength-scale morphology and vertical phase separation for high-efficiency organic solar cells
Authors: Zhou Xiaoli , Liang Wenting , Ma Ruijie , Zhang Cuifen , Peng Zhengxing , Dela Peña Top Archie , Wu Jiaying , Ma Zaifei , Liao Yaozu , Li Gang , Hu Huawei
Published: August 2024

Controlling the morphology of organic solar cells (OSCs) presents a significant challenge due to their complex structure and composition.
Eutectic-electrolyte-enabled zinc metal batteries towards wide temperature and voltage windows
Authors: Bai Xue , Sun Mingzi , Yang Jun , Deng Bijian , Yang Kai , Huang Bolong , Hu Weiguo , Pu Xiong
Published: August 2024

A nonflammable eutectic electrolyte, with wide electrochemical (3.0 V vs. Zn/Zn2+) and thermal (−70 to 160 °C) windows, eliminates hydrogen evolution, induces robust solid–electrolyte interphase and broadens temperature/voltage range of Zn batteries.
Highly selective formate formation via bicarbonate conversions
Authors: Nomoto Kohta , Okazaki Takuya , Beppu Kosuke , Shishido Tetsuya , Amano Fumiaki
Published: August 2024

A formate faradaic efficiency of 84.6% at 300 mA cm−2 was achieved in a bicarbonate electrolyzer by incorporating a porous membrane between the proton exchange membrane and the cathode to enhance in situ CO2 generation from 3.0 M KHCO3.
Introducing electron correlation in solid-state calculations for superconducting states
Authors: Muriel Wilver A. , Novoa Trinidad , Cárdenas Carlos , Contreras-García Julia
Published: August 2024

The superconducting electron localization can be obtained from a common solid-state calculation, where correlation is introduced as a redistribution of electrons around the Fermi level. This is applied to two typical superconductors, H3S and LaH10.
Proteomic profiles revealed enzymatic activities associated with the flavor formation of salted shrimp paste influenced by Bacillus subtilis K-C3 inoculation
Authors: Indriani Sylvia , Srisakultiew Nattanan , Benjakul Soottawat , Boonchuen Pakpoom , Pongsetkul Jaksuma
Published: August 2024

Enzymatic proteomic profiles were examined to comprehend the predominant enzymes involved in the flavor development of salted shrimp paste influenced by Bacillus subtilis K-C3 inoculation (Inoc), compared to those without inoculation (CON).
Exploiting natural complexity for substrate controlled regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in tantalum catalysed hydroaminoalkylation
Authors: Zheng Cameron H. M. , Nadeau Ben E. , Trajano Heather L. , Schafer Laurel L.
Published: August 2024

Naturally occurring and structurally diverse alkene-containing substrates, terpenes, provided a platform for establishing chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselective reactivity in tantalum catalysed hydroaminoalkylation.
Bioprocess development and scale-up for cis,cis-muconic acid production from glucose and xylose by Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Mokwatlo Sekgetho C. , Klein Bruno C. , Benavides Pahola Thathiana , Tan Eric C. D. , Kneucker Colin M. , Ling Chen , Singer Christine A. , Lyons Robert , Sànchez i Nogué Violeta , Hestmark Kelley V. , Ingraham Morgan A. , Ramirez Kelsey J. , Johnson Christopher W. , Beckham Gregg T. , Salvachúa Davinia
Published: August 2024

Bioprocess development enhanced muconate titers and productivities from mixed sugars, leading to reduced production costs and a significant decrease in GHG emissions compared to fossil carbon-based adipic acid production. Created with BioRender.com.
Phosphatidylserine: paving the way for a new era in cancer therapies
Authors: Preetam Subham , Pandey Arunima , Mishra Richa , Mohapatra Gautam , Rath Pratyasa , Malik Sumira , Rustagi Sarvesh , Dash Alisha , Samal Shailesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

Phosphatidylserine identified as a potential target for cancer treatment.
Unveiling the charge storage mechanisms of Co-based perovskite fluoride in a mild aqueous electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Yuzhen , Liu Miao , Ding Rui , Li Yi , Guo Jian , Fang Qi , Yan Miao , Xie Jinmei
Published: August 2024

Unveiling the charge storage mechanism of KCoF3 in a 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte by using a variety of characterisation methods, showing the hybrid mechanisms of adsorption, multi-electron bulk phase conversion and insertion/extraction reactions.
Highly efficient utilization of polypyrrole enabled by dispersed buckypaper tape for high-performance flexible energy storage
Authors: Zhou Haihan , Liu Shaozhen , Ren Mengyao , Zhai Hua-Jin
Published: August 2024

This work develops a facile anodic treatment process to prepare dispersed buckypaper tape for the highly efficient utilization of polypyrrole towards durable flexible energy storage.
High ion barrier hydrogel with excellent toughness achieved by directional structures
Authors: Yang Zezhou , Zhao Zhiyu , Yang Dongsheng , Zhu Liangyu , Qiu Zirou , Wu Yifan , Lan Cheng , Jiang Wenchuan , Li Geng , Zhong Bin , Wei Jin , Liu Tao , Xie Heping
Published: August 2024

Parallel pore channel-oriented structures were constructed in the PVA hydrogel through directional freezing and salting out, leading to enhanced barrier properties.
Detecting dissolved mercury(ii) ions using chitosan-AgNP strips integrated with smartphones
Authors: Adlim Muhammad , Surbakti Muhammad Syukri , Omar Ahmad Fairuz , Rahmayani Ratu Fazlia Inda , Hasmar Abdul Haris , Ozmen Ismail , Yavuz Musa
Published: August 2024

A simple preparation of a paper strip test with a smartphone-based instrument for detecting dissolved mercury is still in development.
Introduction of the –B(OH)2 group into a graphene motif for pz orbital removal and ferromagnetic modulation
Authors: Zhang Di , Gao Bo , Ouyang Yuqi , Xu Song , Tian Qingyong , Wu Wenzhuo , Xu Qun
Published: August 2024

Terminal –B(OH)2 is introduced into graphene using boric acid, which cleaves the π bond for asymmetric pz orbital removal. As results, ferromagnetic coupled unpaired electrons are introduced, leading to room-temperature ferromagnetism.
Modular synthesis of aryl amines from 3-alkynyl-2-pyrones
Authors: Gardner Kristen E. , de Lescure Louis , Hardy Melissa A. , Tan Jin , Sigman Matthew S. , Paton Robert S. , Sarpong Richmond
Published: August 2024

The synthesis of aryl amines from 3-alkynyl-2-pyrones and various amines is described.
Mitigating the volume expansion and enhancing the cycling stability of ferrous fluorosilicate-modified silicon-based composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Sun Jichang , Liu Xiaoyi , Zheng Penglun , Zhao Yang , Zheng Yun , Chai Jingchao , Liu Zhihong
Published: August 2024

This study introduces an FeSiF6 additive synthesized via the reaction of HF with Si–Fe alloys. It prevents crystalline Li15Si4 formation and promotes stable SEI film, significantly enhancing the cycling stability of silicon-based anodes.
Simultaneously improving the delocalization of π electrons and directional transfer of charge carriers in carbon nitride for superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liang Yujie , Cao Chi , Zeng Lei , Wang Haonan , Jiang Yabin
Published: August 2024

1,4-Dicarboxybenzene is successfully incorporated into a polymeric carbon nitride framework and the obtained photocatalyst exhibits a considerably improved photocatalytic hydrogen production activity.
A novel strategy of entropy engineering at the A-site in spinel oxides for developing high-performance SOFC cathodes
Authors: Chen Zhaohui , Ma Ben , Dang Chen , Che Jian , Cheng Lin , Zhou Yingke
Published: August 2024

A high-entropy design enhances ORR activity via structure and surface properties. An SOFC with a high-entropy cathode has a peak power density of 787.15 mW cm−2 at 800 °C and is stable for 100 hours.
Superb energy density of PbHfO3-based antiferroelectric ceramics via regulating the antiferroelectric–ferroelectric transition energy barrier
Authors: Hu Jiawen , Zheng Zihao , Zhang Tao , Lv Ling , Zhou Zhixin , Liu Jinjun , Li Peng , Cao Yunye , Guo Jinming , Pan Zhongbin
Published: August 2024

By coordinating the positions of the AFE and FE states in the energy path, a high Pmax was achieved while stabilizing the AFE nature, resulting in a remarkable Wrec of 16.05 J cm−3.
Exploring the electronic and superior piezoelectric properties of two-dimensional PH-SiX materials for high-performance silicon-based devices
Authors: Yang Lei , Gao Jin , Chen Rongrong , Jia Chenglong , Xue Desheng , Tao Kun
Published: August 2024

PH-SiZn exhibits a d11 value of 63.148 pm V−1, which is higher than that of 2H-MoS2 by a factor of 17. The compressive strain leads to an enhancement of piezoelectricity, with PH-SiAl in an improvement of 369.2% in piezoelectricity at 4% strain.
CuX-Based MOFs as functional materials for adsorption, catalytic, and sensing applications
Authors: Boivin Léo , Harvey Pierre D.
Published: August 2024

The properties of MOFs based on copper(i) halides are described, and their various applications are explored. A demarcation from the field of MOFs is made concerning the luminescing node, and perspectives for their further development are proposed.
Optoelectronic characteristics of furan substituted thiophene/phenylene co-oligomer single crystals for organic lasing
Authors: Praveen Periyasamy Angamuthu , Kanagasekaran Thangavel , Ma Chaoyan , Terada Masahiro , Jin Tienan , Wakabayashi Yusuke , Shimotani Hidekazu
Published: August 2024

A new lasing molecule BPTFT was synthesized by substituting furan to the central thiophene ring of BP3T. It exhibits better rigidity and optoelectronic properties, and is suitable to develop an electrically pumped organic laser.
2D MoS2 photovoltaic detectors with a switchable mode
Authors: Yang Yujue , Li Ziyu , Dong Huafeng , Zhang Xin , Wu Fugen , Huo Nengjie
Published: August 2024

This work reports a Schottky and PN MoS2 photovoltaic detector with a switchable operation mode, enabling specific applications for different needs.
Integration of clotting and fibrinolysis: central role of platelets and factor XIIIa
Authors: Patalakh Irina , Revka Olga , Gołaszewska Agata , Bielicka Natalia , Misztal Tomasz
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to establish the role of platelets and activated factor XIIIa (FXIIIa) in the structuring of the fibrin network as well as to clarify the effect of network compaction on clot lysis.

Methods: Turbidimetry was used for the one-stage clotting test where platelet-free plasma (PFP) is regarded as single factor-deficient plasma (platelets as lacking factor) and autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as deficiency corrected plasma. Structural features of the developed and subsequently lysed fibrin network, formed under static and flow conditions, were visualized by confocal microscopy. Results: Thrombin-initiated plasma clotting revealed changes in the shape of the absorption curve, more pronounced in the presence of platelets. These changes correlate with the transformation of the fibrin scaffold during clot maturing. With the combined action of platelets, thrombin and Ca2+, plasma clotting passes through two phases: initial formation of a platelet-fibrin network (first peak in the polymerization curve), and then the compaction of fibrin, driven by FXIIIa (the second peak) which can be further modulate by the contractile action of platelets. These structural changes, mediated by platelets and FXIIIa, have been shown to determine subsequent clot lysis.

Conclusions: Platelet aggregates serve as organizing centers that determine the distribution of fibrin in clot volume. The openwork structure of the platelet-transformed fibrin provides the necessary prerequisites for its timely lysis. The revealed aspects of the interaction of platelets and FXIIIa, which accompanies the maturation of a fibrin clot, may lead to new approaches in the pharmacological correction of disorders associated with both thrombotic episodes and bleeding tendency.
A D2D user pairing algorithm based on motion prediction and power control
Authors: Huang Zhifeng , Ke Feng , Song Hui
Published: August 2024

User pairing plays an important role in device‐to‐device (D2D) relay communication, contributing significantly to maintaining low energy consumption, high throughput, and overall energy efficiency in the communication system. To achieve these purposes, an attention‐based long short‐term memory motion prediction model (AT‐LSTM) and propose a joint power control algorithm. Leveraging these techniques, we also propose a D2D user pairing algorithm, distance–power–SINR pairing algorithm (DPSPA), which comprehensively considers factors such as D2D communication distances, transmit power, and signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio. Initially, the AT‐LSTM model is utilized to predict the location of users. Subsequently, the distance between the user terminal device and each communication point and the base station, filtering cache points, and non‐cache points within the D2D communication radius are calculated. Then, based on the distance, required transmission power, and signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio of each point, the evaluation index (the best matching product) is obtained. Finally, the point with the maximum best matching product is selected for D2D direct communication mode, D2D relay communication mode, or cellular communication mode. Simulation results demonstrate that DPSPA effectively reduces system energy consumption, enhances system throughput, and improves overall energy efficiency.
The [Y/Mg] chemical clock in the Galactic disk
Authors: Shejeelammal J. , Meléndez Jorge , Rathsam Anne , Martos Giulia
Published: August 2024

Context. Stellar ages are an important parameter in studies of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. To better estimate these ages, various methods complementary to the conventional isochrone fitting method have been implemented in the past decade. Several recent studies have established the existence of a relationship between chemical clocks and stellar ages. The [Y/Mg] clock is a promising technique, but there are still several open questions, such as its validity for metal-poor stars and differences between the thin and thick disk populations.

Aims. Our aim is to study the relationship between the [Y/Mg] chemical clock and stellar ages for a sample of solar-type disk stars and to provide the empirical dating relation(s) for the stellar age determination from their precise chemical abundances. We also studied the effect of metallicity and populations on this chemical clock.

Methods. We derived precise stellar atmospheric parameters as well as the elemental abundances of Mg and Y through line-by-line differential spectroscopic analysis for a sample of 48 metal-poor solar-type stars based on high-quality, high-resolution ESO/HARPS spectra. From high-precision Gaia astrometric data, stellar masses and ages were estimated through isochrone fitting using Yonsei-Yale isochrones. A joint analysis of our sample, together with a sample of 185 solar twins and analogues from our previous works, was performed to calibrate the [Y/Mg] chemical clock in the Galactic disk for −0.71 < [Fe/H] < +0.34. Open clusters and stars with asteroseismic ages were used to validate our relations.

Results. Two different populations are clearly seen in the [Mg/Fe]−[Fe/H] plane: the thick and thin disks. Thick disk stars show an age-metallicity relation, whereas the thin disk shows a flatter age–metallicity distribution. We find a strong, metallicity–dependent anti-correlation between the [Y/Mg] ratio and the stellar ages of our sample. For the first time in the literature, we report similar correlations for thin and thick disk stars.

Conclusions. We find that the [Y/Mg] relation(s) found here for solar-type stars in a wide metallicity range are compatible with those found for solar twins in the literature. Our relation provides high accuracy and precision (0.45 and 0.99 Gyr, respectively) comparable with the best accuracy achieved for solar twins to date.
Classification of forest and land fire severity levels using convolutional neural network
Authors: Hidayat Assad , Sitanggang Imas Sukaesih , Syaufina Lailan
Published: August 2024

Forest and land fires have significant negative impacts on the environment, economy, and public health. These fires cause damage to forest ecosystems, resulting in loss of biodiversity, air quality degradation, and climate change. Assessment of areas post-forest and land fires is crucial for measuring the severity level and planning appropriate rehabilitation measures. This research focus to classify the severity levels of forest and land fires based on photo data obtained from field locations in four villages in Jambi Province. The dataset will be trained into a model using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with MobileNetV2 architecture. Based on the evaluation results of training the MobileNetV2 model with two image sizes, (224, 224) and (112, 112), using 50 epochs, it is shown that the highest accuracy was obtained from the model with both image sizes, with an accuracy value of 77.7% and the lowest loss value of 0.618. The use of MobileNetV2 architecture model yielded satisfactory results. MobileNetV2 was considered superior in analyzing the classification model performance on the data used, but there is a need for additional field photo data to improve model training.
Quality of boer goat liquid semen in coconut water diluent with egg yolk addition during cold storage
Authors: Pinto Domingos Cruz , Isnaini Nurul , Susilawati Trinil
Published: August 2024

The research aimed to analyze the effect of young green coconut water diluent with egg yolk in Boer goat liquid semen quality at cold storage. This study used an experimental laboratory with 4 treatments and 10 replications. The treatments tested were: P0 = CEP-3 + 10% egg yolk + 0.4% egg white, P1 = 90% coconut water + 10% egg yolk, P2 = 85% coconut water + 15% egg yolk, and P3 = 80% coconut water + 20% egg yolk. The variables analysis was individual motility, viability, abnormality, intact plasma membrane, and intact acrosome hood. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and the difference between treatments continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test. The result showed significant differences in individual motility, viability, intact plasma membrane, and intact acrosome hood (P<0.01), and abnormality showed not significant difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, the combination of coconut water + 20% egg yolk could be recommended for the diluent of Boer goat liquid semen in cold storage for up to 3 days.
Development of flower and fruit of Magnolia champaca L. in Banda Aceh city
Authors: Masrura Sari Rati , Islamidini Nurul , Zumaidar Zumaidar , Alfarabi Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Magnolia champaca L., known as Jeumpa Kuneng or Bungong Jeumpa in Aceh, is culturally significant as the regional flower of Aceh Province. Used in traditional ceremonies, its fragrance and beauty inspire Acehnese poetry. Ethnobotanical studies highlight its medicinal properties, especially for treating various diseases, with the flower being the most used part. However, its utilization has potentially impacted its spread and reproduction, as seen by its declining presence in Banda Aceh. This study examines the duration and morphological characteristics of M. champaca's development and evaluates reproductive success. Observations reveal a 24- 26 day flower development process starting from generative bud emergence, with fruit formation from day 26 to 70, marked by ripening and blackening. Understanding these stages helps predict optimal fruit harvesting times. The reproductive and fruit types are monoecious hypogynous and dehiscent dry fruit. This study provides insights into the reproductive biology of M. champaca, aiding in conservation and sustainable utilization strategies.
Tourism Development in Increasing Regional Original Income by Paying Attention to Disaster Aspects in Morotai Island Regency
Authors: Karim Taufik Z. , Siregar Hermanto , Mulatsih Sri , Tjahjono Boedi
Published: August 2024

The strategic role and contribution of the tourism sector to the Indonesian economy has encouraged the government to introduce 10 new Bali Tourism Strategic Areas or National Tourism Strategic Areas (KSPN), one of which is the Morotai tourism area. However, the tourism sector has not been able to contribute to the Regional Original Income (PAD) of Morotai Island Regency. This study aims to analyze the development of tourist attractions in increasing Regional Original Income (PAD) by considering disaster aspects in the Morotai Island Regency. The research focused on 28 tourist attractions spread across the South Morotai Regency. Quantitative methods were used in this study. Data analysis was performed using the Promethee method to create decision criteria. The results of the research show that developing tourist attractions that need attention to increase the PAD of Morotai Island Regency are the Pantai Army Dock, Waterfront City 1, Taman Army Dock, Museum Trikora and Museum Perang Dunia II, and Pulau Dodola. The managerial implications include improving accessibility, connectivity between destinations, quality of facilities, and infrastructure by considering disaster mitigation aspects. Second, it encourages investments in building three- and four-star hotels and restaurants. Third, we built a positive image of disaster preparedness in tourist areas to attract tourists.
Supply Chain Risk Management in Fried Shallot SMEs
Authors: Dzulfikri Muhammad , Cahyadi Eko Ruddy , Anggraeni Elisa
Published: August 2024

SMEs of fried shallots are faced with various risks in the form of raw material constraints, errors in planning, interference from operating machines, defective products, government policies, complaints, and others. This research aims to analyze the flow of the shallot supply chain, identify risks supply chain, analyze the priority order of risks, and determine preventive action prioritize in fried shallot SMEs. The methods used in this study are descriptive analysis, supply chain operation reference (SCOR), and risk analysis using the House of Risk (HOR) method. The risk analysis HOR 1 shows that the most significant risk agents of supliers level, was farmers who fail to harvest (AP10) with total score 572 that accounted for 19.8% of problems. Risk agents with the highest ARP scores at the SMEs level are labor negligence (AI9) that account for 12% of problems. The risk agent with the highest ARP value at the retail level was a forecasting miscalculation (AR1), with a total score 243 that accounting for 14.17% of problems. The result of the HOR 2 assessment selected primary preventive actions to be implemented first, for supplier is farmer partnership by creating a 1-year contract system (PAP4), for SMEs is, record and analyze shallots’ needs based on fixed requests from customers (PAI7) and for retail is collaborating with SMEs with almost the same type and quality (PAR1). By implementing this preventive action, companies can manage risks well to reduce losses and improve the company's business performance.
Real-time estrus detection in cattle using deep learning-based pose estimation
Authors: Aryawan Putu Oki Wiradita , Prabaswara I. Dewa Gede Wicaksana , Husain Altaf , Akbar Ilham , Jannah Nor , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Ulum Mokhamad Fakhrul
Published: August 2024

Accurate estrus detection is of paramount importance for optimizing the reproductive efficiency of livestock. Traditional methods are often labor-intensive and subjective. The cow estrus period, which only lasts 12-24 hours in a cycle that repeats every 18-24 days, causes the opportunity to mate or perform artificial insemination to be missed. This study proposes a novel approach that utilizes pose estimation with a deep learning model for real-time estrus detection in female cows. We collected a dataset of annotated images of cows at different estrus stages and developed a deep learning model based on the EfficientPose architecture. The cow estrus parameter analyzed was locomotion activity, which was categorized into lying down and standing classes with an integrated system and LCD-displayed detection results. The Jetson Nano and YOLOv5 algorithms processed the input parameter data with a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.8 and a final loss prediction value of 0.01. If the female cow is classified as active (number of lying down classes < 57,600 classes/h), then the cow is considered to be in the estrus period. This system provides reliable and non-invasive estrus detection, enabling timely intervention for improved reproductive management in cattle farming.
Investigation on composite phase change materials for energy-saving buildings
Authors: Shah Sanjeev Kumar , Srinivas K. , Muhsen Muntadar , Reddy K. Sunil Kumar , Safarov Laziz , Sanbetova Amangul , Verma Rajan
Published: August 2024

The building envelope plays a critical role in providing structures with the required energy and thermal comfort performance. Recent studies that concentrate on novel approaches and methodologies have incorporated improvement solutions in this area. The primary strategies used here are examined in order to pinpoint cutting-edge and successful approaches, with an emphasis on phase change materials (PCM). A growing number of building materials are incorporating PCMs due to their improved phase transition heat-storage and release capabilities. In this study, the melt impregnation process was used to create composites made of petroleum wax and metallic foam with a 90% porosity and pore densities of 10 PPI, 20 PPI, and 40 PPI. Two identically sized building models were constructed from gypsum board. Foam insulation board was used to cover the roof of the reference model, while phase change board made of 40 ppi copper foam composite was used to conceal the experimental model's roof. There was a steady flow of heat during the heat transfer experiment.
Study on the influence of reed fiber length and moisture content on the mechanical properties of concrete
Authors: Wang Xianpeng , Yu Haoxuan , Yu Kequan , Kovshar Sergey , Leonovich Sergey
Published: August 2024

This paper adopts a contrastive experimental method to design and prepare reed fiber concrete. It discusses the influence of reed fiber content (2%), fiber length (1.5 cm for short reed fiber and 3 cm for long reed fiber), and moisture content (0% for dry fiber and 85% for wet fiber) on the mechanical properties of concrete, and compares it with the reference concrete without reed fiber. The experiment obtained the flexural and compressive strength of reed concrete, and analyzed the apparent mechanism of concrete specimens after failure. The experimental results show that the addition of reed fiber enhances the mechanical properties of concrete, the compressive strength of concrete increases by 1.13 MPa compared with the reference concrete, and the flexural strength increases by 2.32 MPa. The flexural performance of reed fiber reinforced concrete with 3 cm dry fiber and 0% moisture content is the highest, reaching 3.5 MPa; the compressive performance of reed fiber reinforced concrete with 85% moisture content and short reed fiber is the highest, reaching 2.69 MPa. This paper shows that adding 2% of reed fiber to concrete is feasible, and adding 1.5 cm, 85% moisture content wet reed fiber can better promote the mechanical properties of reed fiber concrete.
Numerical Simulation of Elastoplastic Problems in Strains and Displacements
Authors: Khaldjigitov Abduvali , Djumayozov Umidjon , Sagdullaeva Dilnoza
Published: August 2024

Within the framework of Saint-Venant's compatibility conditions, plane problems of the theory of plasticity with respect to strains and displacements are formulated in this paper. Grid equations for displacements and strains for a rectangular plate are compiled using the finite-difference method. Difference equations for displacements and strains were solved, respectively, by the iterative method and the method of alternating directions. By comparing the numerical results for a rectangular plate, the validity of the formulated plastic problem with respect to deformations is shown.
Study on the measures for the spread and control of yellow rust and powdery mildew on wheat plants
Authors: Gulmurodov Risqiboy , Haifeng Gao , Anorbaev Azimjon , Wuwaishi Akedan , Tukhtamishev Sardor , Tuygunov Zuhriddin , Abdiev Izzatbek
Published: August 2024

Wheat is considered one of the most cultivated agricultural plants in the world to meet the food needs of the world’s population. The increase in the world’s population from year to year requires farmers to obtain a high and high-quality wheat harvest. In all countries where wheat is grown, most of the crop is lost due to fungal diseases, especially yellow rust and powdery mildew. For this reason, many phytopathologists conduct scientific research on the in-depth study of these wheat diseases and the development of effective measures to combat them. The article examines the spread and development of yellow rust and powdery mildew diseases in wheat fields grown in Tashkent and Syrdarya regions of the Republic, and the effectiveness of modern fungicides against them. Recommendations were also given on the constant monitoring of the phytosanitary condition of grain fields during the growing season and on the use of rapid plant protection measures when there is a risk of severe spread and development of the disease.