bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of patient compliance in orthokeratology and analysis of influencing factors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bian Zhiwen , Xu Xindi , Chen Duya , Ni Hailong
Published: November 2021

Background

Patient non-compliance, that is, failure to perform standard wear and care orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses procedures, has been shown to be a major risk factor for contact lens-associated complications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the compliance with wear and care behaviors of ortho-k patients and analyze its influencing factors.

Methods

Patients who were successfully prescribed ortho-k lenses at the Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (ECSAHZU) were enrolled in the study. Patient compliance with wear and care behaviors was examined through a questionnaire.

Results

This study assessed 238 subjects. The subjects’ ages ranged from 7 to 25 (mean ± SD, 11.3 ± 2.5) years. The compliance with wear and care behaviors was 19.7%, and the subjects’ self-assessment compliance was 96.6%. The compliance rate of subjects wearing lenses for less than 1 year was higher than that of subjects wearing lenses for more than 1 year (p < 0.001). In the first year, the compliance rates of wearing experiences for less than 1 month, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and more than 6 months were 45, 29, 21.6, 20, and 27.6%, respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences in compliance among these periods (p = 0.314). No correlation was identified between compliance and age (r = − 0.061, p = 0.527) or sex (r = 0.114, p = 0. 751). There was no correlation between compliance and lens care operator (r = − 0.626, p = 0.151).

Conclusions

The compliance of ortho-k patients was poor. After wearing ortho-k lenses for more than 1 year, compliance with wear and care behaviors declined. In clinical practice, measures should be taken to solve these problems and improve the safety of wearing ortho-k lenses.
‘Dove Confident Me Indonesia: Single Session’: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate a school-based body image intervention among Indonesian adolescents
Authors: Craddock Nadia , Garbett Kirsty M. , Haywood Sharon , Nasution Kholisah , White Paul , Saraswati L. Ayu , Rizkiah Chairunnisa , Medise Bernie E. , Diedrichs Phillippa C.
Published: November 2021

Background

Due to the prevalence and associated adverse health consequences of negative body image among adolescents globally, there is a need to develop acceptable, effective, and scalable interventions. School-based body image interventions delivered by trained teachers show promise in reducing negative body image in adolescents. However, there is currently a lack of evidenced-based body image interventions for use in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper outlines a protocol for the development and evaluation of Dove Confident Me Indonesia: Single Session, a single-session, teacher-led body image intervention for Indonesian adolescents.

Method

The effectiveness of the intervention will be evaluated using a cluster randomised controlled trial design. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the trial will be conducted online. Trained teachers or school guidance counsellors will deliver the intervention. Self-report questionnaires will be collected at three time points: baseline, post-intervention, and two-month follow-up. The primary outcome is body esteem. Secondary outcomes are internalisation of appearance ideals, mood, engagement in life activities, tendency to engage in appearance comparisons, and skin shade satisfaction. A minimum of 1000 participants will provide 95% power to detect small-to-medium intervention effects. To account for attrition and potential internet issues, the sample will comprise of 2000 Indonesian adolescents in grades 7–9, attending state junior high schools in Surabaya, East Java. Quantitative and qualitative data on acceptability of the intervention will also be collected from teachers and students. Additionally, fidelity of lesson implementation will be assessed. This project received ethical approval from the Universitas Indonesia and the University of the West of England. The intervention will be disseminated in junior high schools throughout Indonesia via UNICEF’s Life Skills Education (LSE) programme, which will be freely available for teachers to download.

Discussion

This paper presents Dove Confident Me Indonesia: Single Session, a culturally adapted school-based intervention designed to improve Indonesian adolescents’ body image. It details the plan for evaluation, highlighting the strengths and limitations of the proposed study design. It will be informative for others aiming to adapt evidence-based school curricula to promote well-being among adolescents in LMICs.

Trial registration

NCT04665557. Registered 11th December 2020.
Design of a seniors and Alzheimer's disease caring service platform
Authors: Lee Cheng-Wen , Chuang Hsiu-Mang
Published: November 2021

Background

To meet the needs of aging and dementia patients in Taiwan, this study designed a nursing system that includes communication, location tracking, and fall detection, and early warning services. The main purpose of this research is to provide timely services to the elderly and patients and hope to reduce the burden when the number of nursing staff decreases. This article is a remote disease care service platform with the Internet of Things (IoT) devices to monitor the location of the elderly and whether they have dropped warning alerts.

Results

The device is connected to the patient's waist and chest, monitors the patient's movement and behavior, and transmits messages to the back-end system, and informs caregivers through mobile phone applications when unexpected or shocking events occur. The system can identify whether the patient has fallen, accidentally, or long-term inactivity. The device is equipped with sensors that enable it to monitor the patient's location and behavior data through Bluetooth and GPS technology. Finally, we proposed a basic model and an integrated model that will industrialize the system and is expected to play a role in a larger patient population.

Conclusions

The system developed in this research has passed the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) test and verification, and is expected to provide appropriate safety care services for nursing homes and elderly residences.
A paradoxical role for sestrin 2 protein in tumor suppression and tumorigenesis
Authors: Qu Junsheng , Luo Moyi , Zhang Jingwen , Han Fang , Hou Ningning , Pan Ruiyan , Sun Xiaodong
Published: November 2021

Sestrin 2, a highly conserved stress-induced protein, participates in the pathological processes of metabolic and age-related diseases. This p53-inducible protein also regulates cell growth and metabolism, which is closely related to malignant tumorigenesis. Sestrin 2 was reported to regulate various cellular processes, such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, apoptosis, anoikis resistance, and drug resistance. Although sestrin 2 is associated with colorectal, lung, liver, and other cancers, sestrin 2 expression varies among different types of cancer, and the effects and mechanisms of action of this protein are also different. Sestrin 2 was considered a tumor suppressor gene in most studies, whereas conflicting reports considered sestrin 2 an oncogene. Thus, this review aims to examine the literature regarding sestrin 2 in various cancers, summarize its roles in suppression and tumorigenesis, discuss potential mechanisms in the regulation of cancer, and provide a basis for follow-up research and potential cancer treatment development.
Prenatal nitrosatable prescription drug intake, drinking water nitrate, and the risk of stillbirth: a register- and population-based cohort of Danish pregnancies, 1997–2017
Authors: Thomsen Anne Marie Ladehoff , Ramlau-Hansen Cecilia Høst , Schullehner Jörg , Ebdrup Ninna Hinchely , Liew Zeyan , Coffman Vanessa , Stayner Leslie , Hansen Birgitte , Olsen Jørn
Published: November 2021

Background

Nitrosatable drugs commonly prescribed during pregnancy can react with nitrite to form N-nitroso compounds which have been associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. Whether maternal residential drinking water nitrate modifies this association is unknown. We investigated, if household drinking water nitrate was associated with stillbirth, and if it modified the association between nitrosatable prescription drug intake and the risk of stillbirth.

Methods

We conducted an individual-level register- and population-based cohort study using 652,810 women with the first recorded singleton pregnancy in the Danish Medical Birth Registry between 1997 and 2017. Nitrosatable drug exposure was recorded by use of the Danish National Patient Registry defined as women with a first redeemed prescription of a nitrosatable drug the first 22 weeks of pregnancy. The reference group was women with no redeemed prescription of a nitrosatable drug in this period. The average individual drinking water nitrate concentration level (mg/L) was calculated in the same period. We categorized nitrosatable drugs as secondary amines, tertiary amines, and amides. Cox hazard regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for stillbirth stratified into five categories of nitrate concentrations: ≤1 mg/L, > 1- ≤ 2 mg/L, > 2- ≤ 5 mg/L, > 5- ≤ 25 mg/L, and > 25 mg/L.

Results

Drinking water nitrate exposure in the population was not associated with the risk of stillbirth. Among 100,244 women who had a nitrosatable prescription drug redeemed ≤22 weeks of pregnancy of pregnancy, 418 (0.42%) had a stillbirth compared to 1993 stillbirths (0.36%) among 552,566 referent women. Women with any nitrosatable prescription drug intake and > 1- ≤ 2 mg/L nitrate concentration had an increased risk of stillbirth [adjusted hazard ratio 1.55 (95% confidence interval, 1.15–2.09)] compared with referent women. In the stratified analyses, the highest risk of stillbirth was found among women with secondary amine intake and > 25 mg/L nitrate concentrations [adjusted hazard ratio 3.11 (95% CI, 1.08–8.94)].

Conclusions

The association between nitrosatable prescription drug intake and the risk of stillbirth may depend on the level of nitrate in household drinking water. Evaluations of the effect of nitrosatable drug intake on perinatal outcomes might consider nitrate exposure from drinking water.
The diagnostic value of modified systemic ınflammation score in predicting post-operative outcomes of cutaneous melanoma patients who underwent ısolated limb perfusion
Authors: Morkavuk Şevket Barış , Çulcu Serdar , Esen Ebru , Ünal Ali Ekrem
Published: November 2021

Background

In-transit metastasis is considered a locoregional disease in cutaneous melanoma (CM) patients. Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) is among the treatment options in selected cases. The aim of this study was to determine the success of pre- and post-perfusion mSIS values in predicting the potential complications and the prognosis of the disease by investigating the early and long-term results of mSIS values calculated before and after ILP in CM cases with in-transit metastases.

Materials and methods

Patients who underwent ILP within the period from 2014 to 2020 in our department were retrospectively scanned. A total of 20 patients were found to undergo ILP. The scores obtained from modified inflammation score (mSIS) were formulated according to albumin (Alb) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) scores.

Results

The mean follow-up time was 20.47 months. Complications requiring surgical intervention developed in three patients. According to the Wieberdink local toxicity classification, the majority (70%) of the patients were found to be grade II. Based on pre-perfusion mSIS values, 8 patients were classified as mSIS 0 while six patients were classified as mSIS 1 and 2. Based on post-perfusion mSIS values, 14 patients and one patient were classified as mSIS 2 (70%) and mSIS 0, respectively. Accordingly, univariate analysis showed that mSIS 1 and mSIS 2 were negative prognostic factors for mean survival in the pre-perfusion period (HR 0.162, 95% CI 0.036–0.729; p = 0.018 and HR: 0.223, 95% CI 0.049–1.019; p = 0.053) whereas albumin (Alb) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) were not independent prognostic factors for mean survival.

Conclusion

The mSIS values calculated in the pre-perfusion period can give an opinion about the OS of the patients whereas post-perfusion mSIS values may predict potential surgical complications and local toxicities.
Barriers to and enablers of uptake of antiretroviral therapy in integrated HIV and tuberculosis treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kadia Benjamin Momo , Dimala Christian Akem , Fongwen Noah T. , Smith Adrian D.
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Programmes that merge management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) aim to improve HIV/TB co-infected patients’ access to comprehensive treatment. However, several reports from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) indicate suboptimal uptake of antiretroviral therapy (ART) even after integration of HIV and TB treatment. This study assessed ART uptake, its barriers and enablers in programmes integrating TB and HIV treatment in SSA.

Method

A systematic review was performed. Seven databases were searched for eligible quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies published from March 2004 through July 2019. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to obtain pooled estimates of ART uptake. A thematic approach was used to analyse and synthesise data on barriers and enablers.

Results

Of 5139 references identified, 27 were included in the review: 23/27 estimated ART uptake and 10/27 assessed barriers to and/or enablers of ART uptake. The pooled ART uptake was 53% (95% CI: 42, 63%) and between-study heterogeneity was high (I2 = 99.71%, p < 0.001). WHO guideline on collaborative TB/HIV activities and sample size were associated with heterogeneity. There were statistically significant subgroup effects with high heterogeneity after subgroup analyses by region, guideline on collaborative TB/HIV activities, study design, and sample size. The most frequently described socioeconomic and individual level barriers to ART uptake were stigma, low income, and younger age group. The most frequently reported health system-related barriers were limited staff capacity, shortages in medical supplies, lack of infrastructure, and poor adherence to or lack of treatment guidelines. Clinical barriers included intolerance to anti-TB drugs, fear of drug toxicity, and contraindications to antiretrovirals. Health system enablers included good management of the procurement, supply, and dispensation chain; convenience and accessibility of treatment services; and strong staff capacity. Availability of psychosocial support was the most frequently reported enabler of uptake at the community level.

Conclusions

In SSA, programmes integrating treatment of TB and HIV do not, in general, achieve high ART uptake but we observe a net improvement in uptake after WHO issued the 2012 guidelines on collaborative TB/HIV activities. The recurrence of specific modifiable system-level and patient-level factors in the literature reveals key intervention points to improve ART uptake in these programmes.

Systematic review registration: CRD42019131933.
Experience in neuromuscular diseases in children and adolescents and their comorbidities in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Gascón-Navarro J. A. , De La Torre-Aguilar M. J. , Fernández-Ramos J. A. , Torres-Borrego J. , Pérez-Navero J. L.
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Neuromuscular diseases include a large group of heterogeneous and rare pathologies that affect different components of the motor unit. It is essential to optimize resources to know the prevalence of comorbidities in the most frequent groups to establish an early multidisciplinary approach in a specialized setting.

Patients and methods

Retrospective descriptive study of pediatric and adolescent patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs). The Inclusion criteria were NMDs patients with motor neuron involvement divided into three groups, depending on the affected component of the motor unit. Group I: involvement of the motor neuron; Group II: peripheral neuropathies; Group III: myopathies. Demographic variables, association with comorbidities, need for respiratory support, and rehabilitative treatment were collected in each group.

Results

Ninety-six patients who met the inclusion criteria were studied. In group I, when compared to the other two groups, a higher incidence of scoliosis (68.3%, p = 0.011), deformity of the rib cage (31.3%, p = 0.0001), chronic respiratory insufficiency (62.5%, p = 0.001) and bronchial aspiration (12.5%, p = 0.03) was detected. In this group, 50%of the patients required non-invasive mechanical ventilation (p = 0.0001). The in-hospital requirement for respiratory physiotherapy was higher in group I (75%, p = 0.001). We observed a higher incidence of scoliosis in Group III compared to Group II.

Conclusions

Neuromuscular diseases with motor neuron involvement present more comorbidities and require an early approach after diagnosis to improve prognosis.
Chromatin spatial organization of wild type and mutant peanuts reveals high-resolution genomic architecture and interaction alterations
Authors: Zhang Xingguo , Pandey Manish K. , Wang Jianping , Zhao Kunkun , Ma Xingli , Li Zhongfeng , Zhao Kai , Gong Fangping , Guo Baozhu , Varshney Rajeev K. , Yin Dongmei
Published: November 2021

Background

Three-dimensional (3D) chromatin organization provides a critical foundation to investigate gene expression regulation and cellular homeostasis.

Results

Here, we present the first 3D genome architecture maps in wild type and mutant allotetraploid peanut lines, which illustrate A/B compartments, topologically associated domains (TADs), and widespread chromatin interactions. Most peanut chromosomal arms (52.3%) have active regions (A compartments) with relatively high gene density and high transcriptional levels. About 2.0% of chromosomal regions switch from inactive to active (B-to-A) in the mutant line, harboring 58 differentially expressed genes enriched in flavonoid biosynthesis and circadian rhythm functions. The mutant peanut line shows a higher number of genome-wide cis-interactions than its wild-type. The present study reveals a new TAD in the mutant line that generates different chromatin loops and harbors a specific upstream AP2EREBP-binding motif which might upregulate the expression of the GA2ox gene and decrease active gibberellin (GA) content, presumably making the mutant plant dwarf.

Conclusions

Our findings will shed new light on the relationship between 3D chromatin architecture and transcriptional regulation in plants.
Gasdermin D deficiency attenuates arthritis induced by traumatic injury but not autoantibody-assembled immune complexes
Authors: Yang Tong , Sun Kai , Wang Chun , Swarnkar Gaurav , Quan Songtao , Kress Dustin , Xiao Jianqiu , Alippe Yael , Zheng Hongjun , Brophy Robert H , Hao Dingjun , McAlinden Audrey , Abu-Amer Yousef , Shen Jie , Mbalaviele Gabriel
Published: November 2021

Background

Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is cleaved by several proteases including by caspase-1, a component of intracellular protein complexes called inflammasomes. Caspase-1 also converts pro-interleukin-1β (pro-IL-1β) and pro-IL-18 into bioactive IL-1β and IL-18, respectively. GSDMD amino-terminal fragments form plasma membrane pores, which mediate the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 and cause the inflammatory form of cell death pyroptosis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that GSDMD contributes to joint degeneration in the K/BxN serum transfer-induced arthritis (STIA) model in which autoantibodies against glucose-6-phosphate isomerase promote the formation of pathogenic immune complexes on the surface of myeloid cells, which highly express the inflammasomes. The unexpected outcomes with the STIA model prompted us to determine the role of GSDMD in the post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) model caused by meniscus ligamentous injury (MLI) based on the hypothesis that this pore-forming protein is activated by signals released from damaged joint tissues.

Methods

Gsdmd+/+ and Gsdmd−/− mice were injected with K/BxN mouse serum or subjected to MLI to cause STIA or PTOA, respectively. Paw and ankle swelling and DXA scanning were used to assess the outcomes in the STIA model whereas histopathology and micro-computed tomography (μCT) were utilized to monitor joints in the PTOA model. Murine and human joint tissues were also examined for GSDMD, IL-1β, and IL-18 expression by qPCR, immunohistochemistry, or immunoblotting.

Results

GSDMD levels were higher in serum-inoculated paws compared to PBS-injected paws. Unexpectedly, ablation of GSDMD failed to reduce joint swelling and osteolysis, suggesting that GSDMD was dispensable for the pathogenesis of STIA. GSDMD levels were also higher in MLI compared to sham-operated joints. Importantly, ablation of GSDMD attenuated MLI-associated cartilage degradation (p = 0.0097), synovitis (p = 0.014), subchondral bone sclerosis (p = 0.0006), and subchondral bone plate thickness (p = 0.0174) based on histopathological and μCT analyses.

Conclusion

GSDMD plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PTOA, but not STIA, suggesting that its actions in experimental arthropathy are tissue context-specific.
Beampattern analysis of frequency diverse array radar: a review
Authors: Ahmad Zeeshan , Chen Meng , Bao Shu-Di
Published: November 2021

Electronic beam steering is an essential feature of state-of-the-art radar systems. Conventional phased array (PA) radars with fixed carrier frequencies are well-known for electronically steering their beam with high directivity. However, the resulting beampattern is angle-dependent but range-independent. Recently, a new electronic beam steering concept, referred to as frequency diverse array (FDA) radar, has attracted increasing attention due to its unique range-angle dependent beampattern. More importantly, the FDA radar employs a small frequency increment across the array elements to achieve beam steering as a function of angle, range, and time. In this paper, we review the development of the FDA radar since its inception in 2006. Since the frequency offset attaches great importance in FDAs to determine the beampattern shape, initially much of the research and development were focused on designing the optimal frequency offsets for improved beampattern synthesis. Specifically, we analyze characteristics of the FDA beampattern synthesis using various frequency offsets. In addition to analyzing the FDA beampattern characteristics, this study also focuses on the neglected propagation process of the transmitted signals in the early FDA literature, and discuss the time-variant perspective of FDA beampatterns. Furthermore, FDA can also play a significant role in wireless communications, owing to its potential advantages over the conventional PAs. Therefore, we highlight its potential applications in wireless communication systems. Numerical simulations are implemented to illustrate the FDA beampattern characteristics with various frequency offset functions.
Sexual and reproductive health needs assessment and interventions in a female psychiatric intensive care unit
Authors: Covshoff Elana , Blake Lucy , Rose Elizabeth Mary , Bolade Adenike , Rathouse Robert , Wilson Aleishia , Cotterell Arthur , Pittrof Rudiger , Sethi Faisil
Published: November 2021

Aims and method

To assess the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of women admitted to a psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU), and acceptability of delivering specialist SRH assessments and interventions in this setting. Within a quality improvement framework, staff were trained, a clinical protocol developed and clinical interventions made accessible.

Results

Thirty per cent of women were identified as having unmet SRH needs and proceeded to a specialist appointment, representing a 2.5-fold increase in unmet need detection. Forty-two per cent of women were assessed, representing a 3.5-fold increase in uptake. Twenty-one per cent of women initiated SRH interventions, of which 14% had all their SRH needs met. Staff, patients and carers highlighted the acceptability and importance of SRH care, if interventions were appropriately timed and patients’ individual risk profiles were considered. Barriers to access included lack of routine enquiry, illness acuity and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Clinical implications

SRH needs for PICU admissions are greater than previously realised. Providing a nurse-led SRH assessment is acceptable, feasible and beneficial for PICU patients.
Intraoperative Management of Adult Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An Expert Consensus Statement From the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists—Part I, Technical Aspects of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Mazzeffi Michael A. , Rao Vidya K. , Dodd-o Jeffrey , Del Rio Jose Mauricio , Hernandez Antonio , Chung Mabel , Bardia Amit , Bauer Rebecca M. , Meltzer Joseph S. , Satyapriya Sree , Rector Raymond , Ramsay James G. , Gutsche Jacob
Published: November 2021

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to support patients with refractory cardiopulmonary failure. Given ECMO’s increased use in adults and the fact that many ECMO patients are cared for by anesthesiologists, the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists ECMO working group created an expert consensus statement that is intended to help anesthesiologists manage adult ECMO patients who are cared for in the operating room. In the first part of this 2-part series, technical aspects of ECMO are discussed, and related expert consensus statements are provided.
Low Prevalence of Designated Lactation Spaces at Hospitals and Ambulatory Surgery Centers in Iowa: An Educational Tool for Graduates’ Job Selection
Authors: Titler Sarah S. , Dexter Franklin
Published: November 2021

Many anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists want to continue breastfeeding their babies when returning to work from maternity leave. The cornerstone of breast milk supply maintenance is breast milk pumping sessions at regular intervals. These breast milk pumping sessions require time and private space for lactation. We surveyed Iowa hospitals and ambulatory surgery centers and created an educational spreadsheet to guide inquiry and postgraduate job selection of our anesthesiology residents and nurse anesthetist students (eg, when considering future family planning). The survey and spreadsheet showed a low prevalence of dedicated lactation space for anesthesia practitioners near the surgical suites.
Η επίδραση της επιθετικά χιουμοριστικής διαφήμισης στη στάση απέναντι στη μάρκα
Authors: Βουτσά Μαρία
Published: November 2021

Ο κύριος σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι να διερευνήσει τη σχέση ανάμεσα στην κοροϊδευτικά χιουμοριστική διαφήμιση και στη στάση των καταναλωτών ως προς τη διαφημιζόμενη μάρκα. Ένας από τους στόχους της διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν να προσδιορίσει το πως επιδρούν η γελωτοφοβία (ο φόβος του να μην σε κοροϊδέψουν οι άλλοι), η γελωτοφιλία (η αρέσκεια του να αυτοσαρκάζεσαι) και ο καταγελασμός (η αρέσκεια του να κοροϊδεύεις και να γελάς εις βάρος άλλων), τα οποία αποτελούν τρία χαρακτηριστικά προσωπικότητας που σχετίζονται με το γέλιο, στην αποτελεσματικότητα των κοροϊδευτικά χιουμοριστικών διαφημίσεων, μέσω των υποκείμενων μηχανισμών του αντιλαμβανόμενου χιούμορ, της διέγερσης θετικών και αρνητικών συναισθημάτων και της αντιλαμβανόμενης ανωτερότητας και κατωτερότητας. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή μέσα από τέσσερα πειράματα επεκτείνει την υπάρχουσα γνώση στους υποκείμενους μηχανισμούς που διεγείρει το επιθετικό χιούμορ και προσδιορίζει περιορισμούς της θεωρίας της ανωτερότητας, που έχει καθιερωθεί από τα χρόνια του Πλάτωνα. Επίσης, μελέτησε εκτεταμένα τρία νέα στο χώρο του μάρκετινγκ χαρακτηριστικά προσωπικότητας, που μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν ως νέες ψυχογραφικές μεταβλητές τμηματοποίησης και είναι καθοριστικά για την αποτελεσματικότητα των χιουμοριστικών διαφημίσεων που αποτελούν συνήθη τακτική στο χώρο του μάρκετινγκ.
Is outdoor-resting behaviour in malaria vectors consistent? Short report from northern Ghana
Authors: Hamid-Adiamoh Majidah , Nwakanma Davis , Sraku Isaac , Amambua-Ngwa Alfred , A. Afrane Yaw
Published: November 2021

Background:Recent studies have observed vectors resting predominantly outdoors in settings where anti-vector tools are extensively deployed, attributed to selection pressure from use of control tools. This present study examined if the outdoor resting behaviour in the vector population is random or indicative of a consistent preference of one resting site over the other. 

Methods:Mark-release-recapture experiments were conducted with outdoor-restingAnopheles gambiaeandAn. funestusmosquitoes collected from two villages in northern Ghana during rainy and dry seasons. Mosquitoes were marked with fluorescent dyes and released indoors. The experiments were controlled with indoor-resting mosquitoes, which were marked and released outdoors. Species of all recaptured mosquitoes were identified and assessed for consistency in their resting behaviour.

Results:A total of 4,460 outdoor-resting mosquitoes comprisingAn. gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) (2,636, 59%) andAn. funestuscomplex (1,824, 41%) were marked and released. Overall, 31 (0.7%) mosquitoes were recaptured mostly from outdoor location comprising 25 (81%)An. gambiaes.l.and 6 (19%)An. funestuscomplex. Only 3 (10%) of the recaptured mosquitoes were found resting indoors where they were released. The majority of the outdoor-recaptured mosquitoes wereAn. arabiensis(11, 39%), followed byAn. coluzzii(7, 25%); whereas all indoor-recaptured mosquitoes wereAn. coluzzii.  For the control experiment, 324 indoor-resting mosquitoes constituting 313 (97%)An. gambiaes.l.and 11 (3%)An. funestuscomplex were marked and released. However, none of these was recaptured neither indoors nor outdoors. More mosquitoes were captured and recaptured during rainy season, but this was not statistically significant (Z=0.79, P=0.21).

Conclusions:These results suggested the tendency for the mosquitoes to retain their outdoor-resting behaviour. Further investigations are required to ascertain if emerging preference for outdoor resting behaviour in malaria vector populations is consistent or a random occurrence.
Adaptação e propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira da Escala de Frustração e Desconforto
Authors: Silva Luanna , Faro André
Published: November 2021

A Escala de Frustração e Desconforto (EFD) avalia as crenças de intolerância à frustração. Este trabalho objetivou: adaptar esse instrumento para o contexto brasileiro; buscar evidências de validade de conteúdo, de estrutura interna e com base na relação com variáveis externas e, por fim, verificar a relação entre os níveis de intolerância à frustração com gênero e idade dos participantes. A amostra foi composta por 293 indivíduos, com idade média de 21.6 anos (DP = 3.57). Foram aplicados a EFD, o Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados da análise fatorial exploratória indicaram a pertinência de solução fatorial composta por duas dimensões. Quanto a consistência interna, foram verificados bons índices para ambos os fatores e para a escala. Observou-se associação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre a EFD e o PHQ-4, atestando a validade baseada na relação com variáveis externas. Não foram identificadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos níveis de intolerância à frustração em razão do gênero e idade. Baseado nesses achados, conclui-se que a versão adaptada da EFD apresentou propriedades psicométricas satisfatórias, sendo adequada para investigação da intolerância à frustração, possibilitando que pesquisadores e profissionais investiguem como esse construto se manifesta na população brasileira e como ele se relaciona com variáveis associadas à saúde mental.
Christine de Pizan e a educação de mulheres no alvorecer da modernidade
Authors: Santos Anna Beatriz Esser dos
Published: November 2021

Discussões sobre a figura da mulher, ou das mulheres, cresceram no campo da história nas últimas décadas, reforçando produções que repensaram o modo de contar sobre estas agentes históricas. Contudo, a relação de produção histórica em que se fabricavam significados por vezes indiferentes a tais atrizes modificou-se, passando estas últimas a fazerem parte do círculo dos temas atuais da academia. Propomo-nos, então, a trazer a reflexão sobre a educação feminina e as múltiplas significações que esta constrói a partir dos condicionantes associados à existência social da mulher. Neste sentido, será analisada a perspectiva sobre educação de mulheres de uma figura que debateu e compartilhou a cena com os estudiosos do início do século XV, Christine de Pizan (1364-1430), criada na corte francesa de Carlos V. Em A Cidade das Damas, a autora fez reivindicações em nome das mulheres, afirmando que a diferença e desigualdade entre homens e mulheres era relativa ao espaço que cada um recebia.
Por uma pedagogia da amorosidade queer
Authors: Bastos Danielle Ferreira , Arreguy Marília Etienne
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo busca o entendimento dos desafios enfrentados pela criança queer ao lidar com a normatividade na escola, na busca por caminhos que não o da intolerância. O texto argumenta que para a sobrevivência da criança queer, a amorosidade, conceito de Paulo Freire, pode subsidiar relações baseadas no diálogo. A construção argumentativa busca analisar a amorosidade através do campo psicanalítico bem como da filosofia da diferença. Por meio de uma vinheta escolar, é relatada uma cena em uma escola pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a partir da qual concluímos que a amorosidade - não só voltada à criança, mas ao resgate de um lugar de autoridade do professor - propõe uma reflexão sobre a democratização das diferenças e sobre o rompimento da invisibilidade da criança queer.
Living canonicity: a possible example of modernity (on the material of the novel "Radio Night" by Yu. Andrukhovych)
Authors:   H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Pecherskykh L. O.
Published: November 2021

The article states that the entire creative path of Yu. Andrukhovych is connected with the process of creating the canon of the postmodern novel in Ukrainian literature. The work systematises updated by the writer in his novels of the 1990s — 2000s components of the genre canon, such as parodying the flaws and contradictions of modern civilization, the multiplicity of choices in every life situation, performativity as a means of communication, openness and no boundaries to depict any aspect life, programmatic violation of stereotypes and taboos, demonstration of linguistic and stylistic virtuosity, polygenre and genre pastisation, buffoonery of the genre, fragmentary and collage of structure, the widest cultural erudition and free play of tradition, scriptness (theatricality or cinematography) of life, multi-layeredness and diversity of narrative deployment. The article clarifies which aspects of postmodern poetics are actualized and developed by Yu. Andrukhovych in the novel „Radio Night”. Traditional and innovative genre-creating strategies are identified, which testify to the transformation and continuation of the modern canon of the postmodern novel, namely: interludes-recordings of radio broadcasts, reportage, musical fragments as a semantic element, cultural codes with hidden meaning, elements of utopia, anti-utopia, the use of intergeneric synthesis. The range of new themes and motives for Yu. Andrukhovych's novels is outlined, among which are the theme of political persecution and physical violence with irreversible consequences, the theme of big unexpected money, the esoteric understanding of existence as a sequence of earthly incarnations, the reception of the Gydnosty Revolution in the West, the theme of prison life, hybrid war as well. It was found that in the novel „Radio Night” by Yu. Andrukhovych, despite allegations of limited poetic features, secondary to himself, a number of new topics were developed, a range of new text-creating and genre-creating tools were used, that proves the consonance of the work with current events in modern life.
Linguocultural pecularities of phraseological units in English and Ukrainian languages
Authors:   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Permyakova O. H. , Konovalchuk S. A. ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Shundikova I. I. ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University
Published: November 2021

Phraseological units directly or indirectly carry cultural information about the world and pass it from generation to generation, reproduce the national culture and its mentality, show the features of the national figurative way of thinking. A phraseological unit is the soul of each national language, in which the spirit and specificity of the nation are revealed in a unique way. The article deals with the role of English and Ukrainian phraseology as a means of national cultural reflection. It is pointed out that the phraseological units are a means of reflection of national culture and a valuable source of information about the culture and national character of the nation. The specific features of English and Ukrainian phraseology, which are reflected in the pictorial thinking of the nation, have been depicted and the examples of their written interpretation have been given. The linguistic and cultural features of phraseological units in English and Ukrainian which contain such components as: „God” – the object of comparison, „nationality” and „toponym” have been presented and analyzed. It has been proven that toponymical phraseological units detect certain features of verbalization in different cultures and these features are determined by the subjective way of the environmental interpretation. The linguistic and cultural aspects of phraseology in Ukrainian and English have been analyzed only in some cases, taking into account the cultural and literary bases of the idioms origin. This problem can be also studied on the examples of the phraseological units where the culture is reflected through the connection with cultural and national connotations, standards, symbols, stereotypes and associations specific only for one language. English and Ukrainian languages possess a variety of idioms of such type, which need further and thorough investigation
Priority values of the French axiological paradigm on the material of the most used French idioms
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Shapovalova L. V.
Published: November 2021

The article examines and analyzes 10 of the 1,500 most commonly used French idioms from the site "Les expressions françaises décortiquées". Phraseological picture of the world plays an important role in cognition of the world around us, because it not only captures its phenomena in the language, but also adds to them connotations, which are manifested in the choice of words of a particular language register. The study of hierarchies of values, recorded in idioms, and ways of their representation allow us to build a value hierarchy in the French mentality and understand the main features of the French national character. We have a broad understanding of phraseology and consider idioms not only idioms, but also phraseological units, proverbs, sayings, winged expressions, speech stamps, because they all name a concept, are reproduced unchanged, and are stable phrases. The phraseological units, taken into the analysis, are allocated on frequency of addresses that allows to define a hierarchy of values in the French phraseological picture of the world. Each of the permanent statements, taken into the analysis, nominates one concept, and the frequency of appeals to them allows not only to understand their priority in the French mentality, but also to outline the features of the French national character. French national values are fixed in the selected phraseological units, and the relation to them is distinguished on the basis of connotations, the register of speech, the present euphemism, and metaphorization. It is interesting to trace the history of the considered phraseological units and lexical units in their structure, ways of entering the French language, numerous hypotheses that explain their meaning. These areas of research and identification of social strata, in which the idioms arose, show where the phenomena denominated by them were the most common, and the hierarchy of values recorded in them, in the French mentality.
National motives and intercultural communication in the works of art by V. Korolenko
Authors:   Poltava State Medical University, Vecherok O. M. , Iotova I. M. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Madzhar N. M. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Skalska S. A. ,   Poltava State Medical University
Published: November 2021

The article explores national motives (Ukrainian, Jewish, Yakut), which are found in the stories, essays and novels of V. Korolenko, and the problem of the intercultural communication that takes place in his works. Ukraine, namely the Volyn region, the second half of the XIX century, where the childhood of the future writer took place, is described in his works. Korolenko acquaints readers with the bright pages of its history, cultural traditions, customs, peculiarities of life, uses folklore sources, in particular, the heroic epic and mythology. The material for the analysis was the stories „Without a tongue”, „Children of the dungeon”, „The forest is noisy”. In particular, the story „Without a tongue” is full of characteristic ethnographic realities of Polissya village: Ukrainian houses under thatched roofs, features of religion due to the interaction of Catholicism and Orthodoxy, the specifics of the local dialect and even clothing. In the course of the study, the synthesis of Ukrainian, Polish and partly Jewish cultures, characteristic of this cultural and historical locus. Jewish motifs are widely represented: historical plots („Legends of Flora, Agrippa and Menachem, son of Yehuda”); cultural and religious identity of the Jewish people, language, clothing, characteristics of life, etc. (the story „The Mendel Brothers”; traditional holidays and elements of folklore (the image of Hapun in the story „Judgment Day (Yom Kippur”)). There are Yakut national motives: descriptions of the life of the local population, local traditions and customs, the specifics of religious ideas, which are a synthesis of Christianity and paganism (the story „Dream of Makar”) In V. Korolenko’s „Siberian stories”. The proposed exploration, with the selection and analysis of national motives in the most famous works of V. Korolenko, opens opportunities for further study of the writer’s work in this context, in particular, in the autobiographical novel „History of my contemporary”.
Incidence of pressure injuries and risk factors in a paediatric surgical intensive care unit: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Crespo Jeiel Carlos Lamônica , Secoli Silvia Regina , Campanili Ticiane Carolina Gonçalves Faustino , Duarte Ana Carolina Coelho , Ferretti-Rebustini Renata Eloah de Lucena , Rodrigues Adriano Rogerio Baldacin , Palomo Jurema da Silva Herbas
Published: November 2021

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of, and risk factors for, the occurrence of pressure injuries (PIs) in a paediatric surgical intensive care unit (ICU).

Method:

This is a prospective cohort study of 153 children in the postoperative period. Patients were assessed daily by physical examination and data were collected. All independent variables were included in a logistic regression.

Results:

The mean age of the cohort was 2 years, and the incidence of PI was 15.7%. According to the Braden Q Scale, 58.2% of patients were at high risk of developing PI; 79.3% of PIs were related to immobility and 69.0% were at stage 1. Risk factors were ICU length of stay and the number of medical devices used.

Conclusion:

The incidence of PI was high because patients were mostly at a considerable risk of developing a PI. PI was associated with several factors, especially length of ICU stay and number of devices, both of which are indirect indicators of the severity of patient condition and healthcare costs.
Healing of disrupted perineal wounds after vaginal delivery: a poorly understood condition
Authors: Okeahialam Nicola Adanna , Thakar Ranee , Sultan Abdul H
Published: November 2021

Perineal injury following childbirth can result in complications such as wound infection and dehiscence. The reported incidence of these complications in the literature range between 0.1-23.6% and 0.2-24.6%, respectively. However, the healing of disrupted perineal wounds is poorly understood. In addition, it is a neglected area in maternity services. In this review, the authors explore the process of wound healing in the context of infected perineal wounds following childbirth. In addition, the authors describe the management of complications including hypergranulation, perineal pain and dyspareunia.
The International Criminal Court, preliminary examinations, and the Security Council: Kill or cure?
Authors: Kuhrt Natasha , Kerr Rachel
Published: November 2021

In March 2020, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Court (ICC) authorized the Prosecutor to open an investigation into the situation in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. This was a significant milestone for the ICC, ending a lengthy and contentious preliminary examination (PE) and opening the possibility of investigation by the ICC of alleged crimes committed by US citizens. By December 2020, four other preliminary examinations were concluded, two of them (Ukraine, UK-Iraq) potentially involving investigation into the conduct of nationals of permanent members of the Security Council (Russia and the UK) and the third (Palestine) involving a close ally of the United States (Israel). While the conclusion of the examinations into the situations in Ukraine, Palestine, and Afghanistan resulted in requests to open full investigations, the outcome in the situation in Iraq-UK was to close the examination with no further steps. This article discusses the situations in UK-Iraq and Ukraine, setting the actions of the ICC Prosecutor and the responses of the P5 members involved in the context of the international and domestic politics of international justice. We argue that, while PEs were and remain highly significant for the future of the Court, they are not the cure to its current malaise.
Detecting Phytophthora cinnamomi associated with dieback disease on Carya cathayensis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Tong Xiaoqing , Wu Jiayi , Mei Li , Wang Yongjun
Published: November 2021

Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) is an economically and ecologically important nut plant in China. Dieback and basal stem necrosis have been observed in the plants since 2016, and its recent spread has significantly affected plant growth and nut production. Therefore, a survey was conducted to evaluate the disease incidence at five sites in Linan County, China. The highest incidence was recorded at the Tuankou site at up to 11.39% in 2019. The oomycete, Phytophthora cinnamomi, was isolated from symptomatic plant tissue and plantation soil using baiting and selective media-based detection methods and identified. Artificial infection with the representative P. cinnamomi ST402 isolate produced vertically elongated discolorations in the outer xylem and necrotic symptoms in C. cathayensis seedlings in a greenhouse trial. Molecular detections based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) specific to P. cinnamomi ST402 were conducted. Result indicated that LAMP detection showed a high coherence level with the baiting assays for P. cinnamomi detection in the field. This study provides the evidence of existence of high-pathogenic P. cinnamomi in the C. cathayensis plantation soil in China and the insights into a convenient tool developed for conducting field monitoring of this aggressive pathogen.