bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selective HDAC6 inhibition has the potential for anti-cancer effect in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Anraku Tsutomu , Murata Masaki , Kuroki Hiroo , Kazama Akira , Shirono Yuko , Tasaki Masayuki , Bilim Vladimir , Tomita Yoshihiko
Published: November 2022

Background: Despite advances in systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), most metastatic RCCs remain incurable. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are needed to further improve the outcome of RCC treatment.
Methods: We treated cultured RCC cells with a panel of 12 small molecule selective HDAC (histone deacetylase) 6 inhibitors or genetically knocked down HDAC6.
Results: HDAC6 expression was confirmed in pathological RCC specimens and cultured RCC cell lines by immunohistochemical staining and western blot respectively. Most of the HDAC6 inhibitors we used decreased cell viability and proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner in the low micromolar range. Furthermore, HDAC6 inhibition induced apoptosis in RCC cells. The major imitation of our study is the lack of in vivo experiments.
Conclusions: HDAC6 inhibitors decreased cell viability and proliferation by inducing apoptosis in RCC cells. Our results suggest that HDAC6 inhibitors are promising anti-cancer agents, which should be validated in future in vivo studies.
Inhibition of MicroRNA-346 Exerts Positive Effects on Estrogen-Associated Molecular and Behavioral Traits in Follicular Thyroid Carcinomas
Authors: Nam Ji Sun , Nam Jung Eun , Ahn Chul Woo , Kim YuSik
Published: November 2022

Background
The gender disparity in the thyroid cancer incidence rate, which is 3-folds higher in women than in men, has been hypothesized to be related to estrogen and estrogens receptors (ERs). Recent evidence suggests that nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) is known as a coregulator of ERs and a direct target of microRNA-346 (miR-346), which was reported as a biomarker for follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). In this study, we investigated the roles of miR-346 on behavioral traits and estrogen-associated pathogenesis of FTCs.
Methods
Two Human follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC-133 and RO82-W-1) were used. To examine the effects of miR-346 and estrogen on behavioral traits and estrogen-associated pathogenesis of FTCs, FTC-133 and RO82-W-1 were transfected with the inhibitor targeting human miR-346 or the non-specific miR (-Control), then were treated with 100nM or 200nM of estradiol-17 β (E2). Cell migration and invasion assays were performed; gene and protein levels of NRIP1, ERα, and ERβ were examined by qPCR and western blot, respectively. In addition, cell cycle-regulating genes, epithelial biomarkers, mesenchymal biomarkers were also examined.
Results
E2 decreased the number of invaded and migrated cells regardless of miR-346-downregulation in both FTCs. Downregulation of miR-346 itself also had protective effects on invasion and migration of both FTCs, and it augmented the inhibitory effects of E2. E2 decreased both gene and protein levels of NRIP1 in FTC-133 while miR-346 downregulation did in RO82-W-1. E2 and miR-346 downregulation decreased the gene and protein expressions of ERα while it increased ERβ, accordingly, decreasing the ratio of ERα to ERβ in both FTCs. E2 significantly decreased cellular proliferation in miR-346 downregulated FTCs. These support that miR-346 has significant roles in estrogen-associated pathogenesis of FTCs by regulating NRIP1 and the interaction of ERα and ERβ. Downregulation of miR-346 increased gene expressions of occluding and cloudin-1 (CLDN1) while decreasing vimentin in FTC-133, it significantly increased gene expressions of CLDN1 in RO82-W-1. These suggest miR-346 in involved in maintaining integrity of FTCs.
Conclusion
Inhibition of miR-346 in FTCs have protective effects on metastasis, thereby, miR-346 is suggested as a therapeutic target for FTC.
Integrative taxonomy for the traditional coccidians (Chromista: Miozoa: Eimeriidae) from island canaries (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae): Worldwide distribution, morphological and molecular characterization, revaluations and establishment of junior synonyms
Authors: Berto Bruno Pereira , Machado Evelyn Lina , Hossotani Camila Michele de Souza , Beretta Bruna Matarucco Sampaio , Silva Débora Regina Romualdo da , Nakamura Alex Akira , Meireles Marcelo Vasconcelos
Published: November 2022

Island canaries Serinus canaria (Linnaeus) are finches native to the North Atlantic Islands, however, they have a worldwide distribution in captivity due to their relevance as a pet bird. Coccidians are the most reported parasites of passerines worldwide, both in the wild and in captivity, being frequently associated with disease in passerines kept in rehabilitation centers and commercial breeders. This study aimed to identify coccidians from island canaries kept in captivity in Brazil. Three hundred and fifteen genomic DNA extracted from fecal samples of island canaries from different breeders from Southern and Southeastern Brazil were used to perform a nested PCR assay to amplify a partial fragment of the 28S small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (28S) of Isospora spp. Microscopic screening and morphological identification of Isospora oocysts was performed in fecal samples corresponding to PCR positive DNA samples. Fecal samples have been formalin-stored for approximately four years. Positivity rate for both microscopy and PCR was 10.5% (33/315). Posteriorly, Isospora serini (Aragão, 1933) Box, 1975 and Isospora canaria Box, 1975 were morphologically identified from fresh fecal samples of island canaries maintained by a breeder in the State of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, providing a genotypic characterization via sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 28S genes. The 28S and COI sequences referring to the morphological identification of I. canaria was, respectively, 100% and 99% similar to sequences deposited as Isospora serinuse Yang, Brice, Elliot & Ryan, 2015 from island canaries kept in a rehabilitation center in Australia. The COI sequence referring to the morphological identification of I. serini was 100% similar to a sequence of an extraintestinal Isospora, corroborating this identification/sequencing since I. serini is the first isosporan with an extra-intestinal cycle demonstrated. The comparison of morphological and molecular data from I. canaria and I. serini from this study with published data of Isospora spp. from canaries worldwide, allowed the specific identification from preliminary generic identifications, correction of misidentifications, as well as the establishment of junior synonyms. Finally, this study provides morphological and molecular data that ensure the correct identification of the two Isospora spp. from island canaries in future studies worldwide.
CORREL: Automated Onset Estimation for Controlled-Source Seismic Experiments
Authors: Reyes-Wagner Valentina , Comte Diana , Roecker Steven W. , Rietbrock Andreas
Published: November 2022

Estimates of the onset times of P phases from active source experiments can effectively be used in developing wavespeed models, and the large number of recordings typical of such experiments incentivizes the development of automated approaches to generate these estimates. The simplicity and repeatability of an airgun source such as that used in the 2016 Pisagua/Iquique Crustal Tomography to Understand the Region of the Earthquake Source (PICTURES) project in northern Chile suggested that a straightforward application of waveform cross-correlation would suffice for arrivals recorded by a network of inland seismic stations, but did not work well due to significant variations in waveform morphology. Application of an alternative algorithm typically used in passive source investigations, the Regressive ESTimator (REST) autopicking package, also proved unsatisfactory, largely because the limited spectral bandwidth of the airgun source and the frequent occurrence of local seismicity led to numerous false picks. This motivated the development of a new approach, named CORREL, that is a hybrid of REST and cross-correlation, with the addition of a constraint in the form of a polynomial function based on the REST picks that provides a reasonable prediction of an onset time. Compared to the results obtained originally from REST and simple waveform correlation, the application of CORREL to the PICTURES data both significantly increased the number of arrivals detected and greatly reduced the number of outliers. The predictive polynomial also provides CORREL a better means to discriminate true shots from the abundant natural seismicity.
NF-κB pathway related long non-coding RNAs in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Kazemifad Nesa , Kazemi Mohammad , Shahrokh Shabnam , Aghdaei Hamid Asadzadeh
Published: November 2022

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disease classified into two types, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), and it results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors influencing immune responses. However, the etiology of the IBD has not yet been fully understood. The nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) pathway is one of the major regulators of inflammatory responses associated with the pathogenesis of IBD. The up-regulation in NF-κB expression in mucosal macrophages and monocytes induces increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Several recent studies have indicated abnormal function and expression levels of non-coding RNAs, including lncRNAs, in the pathogenesis of IBD. Various lncRNAs, involved in immune responses were suggested to associate with IBD pathogenesis and maintenance of intestinal mucosa function via the interaction network between miRNAs, transcription factors, and mRNAs.
Method: In this study, we aimed to predict regulatory lncRNAs for the NF-κB pathway with bioinformatics studies and validate the expression of 4 predicted lncRNAs (NRAV, HULC, RAD51-AS1, and SBF2-AS1) in blood and tissue samples of UC patients.
Results: The qPCR results indicated that NRAV and HULC are upregulated in UC colonic samples, and RAD51-AS1 and SBF2-AS1 are upregulated in blood samples of UC patients compared to controls.
Conclusion: This study indicated that bioinformatics studies could successfully predict disease-related lncRNAs and studied lncRNAs such as HULC, NRAV, RAD51-AS1 and SBF2-AS1 may have and important role in controlling inflammation in IBD.
Comparison of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization versus systemic chemotherapy for elderly patients with advanced gastric cardiac cancer
Authors: Li Zhenfeng , Xu Ran , Yan Zaojun , Chang Xu , Zhang Jianxin , Liu Zihao , Wu Huiyong , Sun Peng
Published: November 2022

Purpose
To compare the efficacy, safety and effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), nutritional status and remission of dysphagia of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with that of systemic chemotherapy for elderly patients with advanced gastric cardiac cancer (AGCC).
Methods
117 elderly patients(age > 70 years old) with AGCC were retrospectively enrolled. 56 patients received TACE and 61 patients received systemic chemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) and frequency of adverse events (AEs) were observed. HRQOL scores, nutritional status based on scored patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) and the degree of dysphagia at baseline,4 weeks and 8weeks were compared between groups.
Results
No significantly difference was found in baseline characteristics between groups, except the age (75 vs 73, p < 0.05). The OS time was not significantly different between groups (11.75 months vs 12.73 months, P = 0.916). The HRQOL scores at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment in TACE group were significantly higher than that in systemic chemotherapy group (12.0 vs 9.0 ,18.0 vs 12.0, P < 0.001). After 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment, the nutritional status of patients in the TACE group was significantly better than that in the systemic chemotherapy group(P < 0.05). The average degree of dysphagia in the TACE group were significantly lower than that in the systemic chemotherapy group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks (1.5 vs 2.3,1.2 vs 1.6, P = 0.000). AEs were more frequent in the systemic chemotherapy group than in the TACE group(P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Compared with systemic chemotherapy, TACE can more effectively alleviate dysphagia and improve HRQOL and nutritional status in elderly patients with AGCC.
Lapatinib dysregulates HER2 signaling and impairs the viability of human uveal melanoma cells
Authors: Shu Wenying , Wang Janney Z , Zhu Xue , Wang Ke , Cherepanoff Svetlana , Conway R. Max , Madigan Michele C , Lim Li-Anne , Zhu Hong , Zhu Ling , Murray Michael , Zhou Fanfan
Published: November 2022

Although uveal melanoma (UM) is rare, it is the principal type of intraocular malignancy. Up to 50% of UM patients develop metastatic disease with low chances of survival beyond 18 months. At present there are no drugs that are effective in the treatment of primary or metastatic disease. We recently tested the hypothesis that the ErbB receptor family member HER2 may be a novel drug target in UM. We found that afatinib, which targets several ErbB receptors, including HER2, has potent anti-cancer and anti-metastatic actions in UM. The present study was undertaken to further evaluate the potential value of HER2 targeting in UM using the multi-kinase inhibitor lapatinib, that is currently approved for the treatment of HER2-positive cancers in patients.
The anti-UM actions of lapatinib were assessed using cell viability, cell death and cell cycle analysis, and its anti-metastatic actions were evaluated using would healing and colony formation assays. Immunoblotting was used to substantiate the actions of lapatinib on apoptotic and HER2 signaling. The anti-UM actions of lapatinib were further evaluated in vivo in a UM xenograft mouse model.
Lapatinib decreased the viability of four UM cell lines (IC50 values in MTT reduction assays were 3.67-6.53 µM). The antiproliferative activity of lapatinib was corroborated in UM cells isolated from patient tumors. In UM cell lines lapatinib promoted apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and strongly inhibited cell migration and reproductive cell growth. Lapatinib dysregulated HER2-AKT/ERK/PI3K signalling in UM cell lines, as indicated by increased STAT1 expression, decreased expression of BCL-xL and cyclin D1, and decreased Bcl-xL:Bax ratio, which is consistent with enhanced apoptosis. Importantly, lapatinib and suppressed tumourigenesis in vivo in mice carrying UM cell xenografts.
Together the present findings are consistent with the assertion that HER2 is a viable therapeutic target in UM. Lapatinib was active in primary and metastatic UM and is a clinically approved HER2 inhibitor. The activity of lapatinib in UM patients could now be evaluated directly in clinical trials.
High-Throughput Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Coxsackievirus A16-infected 16HBE Cells Based on tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled Quantitative Proteomics Running title: Proteome profiling of Coxsackievirus A16 in 16HBE cells
Authors: Hu Yajie , Liu Chen , Zhong Mingmei , Qian Baojiang , Qiu Jingman , Chen Juan , Zhang Yunhui , Song Jie
Published: November 2022

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) is a global health concern worldwide. There are no vaccines or antiviral compounds available to either prevent or treat CV-A16 infection which may trigger severe neurological complications, and even lead to death. Moreover, its pathogenic mechanisms and pathophysiology are still poorly elucidated. To increase our understanding of the interaction of CV-A16 with the host cell, we analyzed changes in the proteome of 16HBE cells in response to CV-A16 infection using tandem mass tag (TMT) in combination with LC-MS/MS. It was identified and quantified 6615 proteins and there were 172 proteins showed a significant alteration during CV-A16 infection. To validate the proteomics data, 3 randomly selected proteins exhibited consistent changes in protein expression with the TMT results using a Western blotting and immunofluorescence method. Then, functional enrichment analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins mainly involved in various biological processes and signaling pathways, such as metabolic process, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, B cell receptor signaling pathway, Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, etc. And further bioinformatics analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins contained distinct domains, localized in different subcellular components, and established a complex network. In conclusion, results from this study have helped elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of CV-A16 and may facilitate the development of new antiviral therapies as well as innovative diagnostic methods.
Molecular detection of ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in southwest Iran
Authors: Jomehzadeh Nabi , Rahimzadeh Mohammad , Ahmadi Bahare
Published: November 2022

Background: Carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates are extending rapidly, and in past recent years, carbapenem resistance has become an important health problem worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the carbapenem-resistance genes in extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing K. pneumoniae isolates.
Methods: Seventy-five non-duplicate clinical K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from urine, blood, sputum, and wound samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 12 different antibiotics were performed using the disk diffusion method, followed by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of imipenem and meropenem. Phenotypic detection of ESBL and carbapenemase enzymes was performed by disk Disc Diffusion Synergy test (DDST) and modified Hodge test (MHT), respectively. Resistant isolates were further investigated for ESBL and carbapenemase genes by the PCR assay.
Results: The highest and lowest resistance rates were observed against ampicillin (93.3%) and tigecycline (9.3%), respectively. Based on the results of phenotypic tests, 46.7% and 25.3% were positive for ESBL and carbapenemase enzymes, respectively. In addition, using the molecular method, the predominant ESBL-, and carbapenemase-associated genes were blaTEM (34.3%) and blaOXA-48 (57.8%), respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the study, it has been found that K. pneumoniae strains produce significant rates of beta-lactamase enzymes, which is extremely alarming. As carbapenem resistance is an alarming public health issue, early detection of the isolates and effective infection control measures are necessary to prevent their further spreading.
Changes in psychosocial distress and the number and types of problems reported by patients with cancer when routine screening is integrated within cancer services
Authors: Faris Mona M , Shepherd Heather L , Butow Phyllis N , Kelly Patrick , He Sharon , Grimison Peter , Kelly Brian , Group The ADAPT Program , Shaw Joanne
Published: November 2022

Purpose
The impact of measuring patient-reported outcomes on longitudinal clinical outcomes is not well understood. This study explored longitudinal changes in distress and problems reported by cancer patients screened and managed in accordance with a clinical pathway for anxiety and depression (ADAPT CP), implemented over 12 months.
Methods
Patients reported distress using the Distress Thermometer, and indicated reasons for distress using the 39-item Problem List across five domains: practical, social, emotional, spiritual/religious and physical. Repeat screening occurred on average 3-monthly.
Results
660 patients from 10 participating services completed 1,256 screening events over 12 months, reporting 8,645 problems. On average, more emotional (27–34%) and physical (19–22%) issues were reported across all quarters than practical (7–9%) and social (8–9%). Reporting of distress and emotional, physical, practical and social problems reduced from initial to follow-up screens. Younger age predicted increased distress and emotional, practical, and social problems. Longer time since diagnosis (> 6 months) predicted decreased distress and physical problems. Worry, fatigue, sleep difficulties, health of family members, and insurance/finances were more persistent problems.
Conclusion
Routine anxiety/depression screening is recommended within oncology settings to allow patients to indicate new or persistent problems and hospital staff to monitor and assess needs. Emotional concerns are high in oncology patients, suggesting prioritisation of psychosocial care. These problems can persist over time suggesting the challenge to address these in clinical care, or that access to, or implementation of, evidence-based interventions are not yet widespread.
Trial registration
This study was part of a larger program of work was registered prospectively with the ANZCTR on March 22, 2017. Trial ID ACTRN12617000411347
The Clinical Value of Lower Gastrointestinal Symptoms for Colorectal Polyps: A Retrospective Study of Colorectal Polyps and Symptoms
Authors: Kuai Da-Yu , Song Yu-Li , Li Ya-Qiang , Sun Wei , Hu Yan-Ping , Min Li , Xu Bao-Hong
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To analyse the relationship between lower gastrointestinal symptoms and clinicopathological features in colorectal polyp patients.
Methods: We retrospectively collected the clinicopathological information of outpatients undergoing colonoscopy atLuhe Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University.
We performed tendency score matching (PSM) between colorectal polyp patients and polyp-free patients by age and sexat a ratio of 1:1 andthen analysed the relationships between colorectal polyps and clinical symptoms by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: 1) This study included 2483 patients with colorectal polyps and 2483 polyp-free patients. 2) The proportion of abdominal distension and haematochezia was increased in patients with colorectal polyps (25.6% vs. 22.9%, P = 0.024; 21.5% vs. 16.8%, P = 3.4E-5), but the proportion of diarrhoea wasdecreased (35.1% vs. 37.9%, P = 0.036). 3) Patients with haematochezia usually hadlarger polyp sizes [univariate p= 0.014; multivariate 95% CI1.034 (1.001, 1.069), p = 0.043]. 4) Patients with diarrhoea typically had a smaller polyp size [univariate p = 0.078; multivariate 95% CI0.971(0.944, 0.999), p = 0.043]. 5) Constipation and other symptoms had little correlation with the clinicopathological features of colorectal polyps.
Conclusions: Haematochezia is positively correlated with the presence and size of colorectal polyps, and diarrhoea is negatively correlated with the presence and size of colorectal polyps.
On Convergence of the Uniform Norm and Approximation for Stochastic Processes from the Space Fψ(Ω)
Authors: Rozora Iryna , Mlavets Yurii , Vasylyk Olga , Polishchuk Volodymyr
Published: November 2022

In the paper, we consider random variables and stochastic processes from the space Fψ(Ω) and study approximation problems for such processes. The method of series decomposition of stochastic processes from Fψ(Ω) is used to find an approximating process called a model. The rate ofconvergence of the model to the process in the uniform norm is investigated. We develop an approach for estimating the cutting-offlevel of the model under the given accuracy and reliability of the simulation.
MSC Classification: 60G07, 60G15, 65C20, 68U20
Assessment of Depression and Anxiety in Young and Old with a Question Based Computational Language Approach
Authors: Sikström Sverker , Kelmend Bleona , Persson Ninni
Published: November 2022

Older adults experience depression and anxiety differently than younger adults. Age may affect circumstances, depending on accessibility of social connections, jobs, physical health, etc, as these factors influence the prevalence and symptomatology. Depression and anxiety are typically measured using rating scales, however, recent research suggests that such symptoms can be assessed by open-ended questions that are analysed by question-based computational language assessments (QCLA). Here, we study older and younger adults’ responses about their mental health using open-ended questions and rating scales about their mental health. We then analyse their responses with computational methods based on natural language processing (NLP). The results demonstrate that: (1) older adults describe their mental health differently compared to younger adults; (2) where, for example, older adults emphasise depression and loneliness whereas young adults list anxiety and money; (3) different semantic models are warranted for younger and older adults; (4) compared to young participants, the older participants described their mental health more accurately with words; (5) older adults have better mental health than younger adults as measured by semantic measures. In conclusion, NLP combined with machine learning methods may provide new opportunities to identify, model, and describe mental health in older and younger adults. These semantic measures may provide ecological validity and aid the assessment of mental health.
Effectiveness of psychoeducation in the treatment of eating disorders: Protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Mesarič Katja Kurnik , Damjanac Žiga , Debeljak Tjaš , Kodrič Jana
Published: November 2022

Background: Eating disorders in childhood and adolescence negatively affect many areas of development and functioning.
Methods: We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review of studies examining the effectiveness and contribution of psychoeducational interventions in the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents. Studies will be identified through a literature search of the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science electronic databases. Two independent reviewers will screen the papers. Data will be presented in a table with an accompanying narrative summary to answer the review question.
Discussion: This systematic review is the first to systematically examine psychoeducational interventions in the treatment of eating disorders. Our findings are of potential interest to clinicians working with children and adolescents, and parents of children with eating disorders.
Systematic review registration: The protocol has been registered at the international Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The registration number is CRD42022358432.
Mapping Knowledge Structure and Themes Trends of Trace elements and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Yang Yaqin , Zhang Duo , Lin Yujie , Wu Yuchi , Huang Xinyan
Published: November 2022

Objective: This study aimed at providing an overview of the current state and the emerging role of trace elements in chronic kidney disease (CKD) using a bibliometric approach.
Methods: Scientific literature on CKD published between Jan 2000 to Nov 2021 was identified and retrieved from Web of Science (WoS) databases. Bibliometric analysis and visualization, including annual outputs, core journals, keywords, co-authorship, citation, and co-cited analysis were carried out using software like R, VOSviewer, Citespace, Scimago, and Pajek. Correlation analysis using quantitative and qualitative indicators, such as publication and citation counts, H-index, and journal citation reports was carried out using R and Microsoft Excel.
Results: A total of 2551 articles published mainly in the USA, China, and Japan were identified. The University of São Paulo was found to be the most prolific institution, Liu Y the most influential author, and Biological Trace Element Research was the most high-yield journal in this field of research. The top 5 trace elements of interest were divided into two groups; beneficial essential elements including zinc and selenium, and environmental toxicants including copper, cadmium, and aluminum. The top 5 researched keywords were found to be “chronic kidney disease”, “oxidative stress”, “zinc”, “copper”, and “hemodialysis”.
Conclusions: This study conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to summarize the trends and structure of trace elements and CKD. Areas like clusters of nutritional status, outcomes of nephropathy, influences of environmental toxicity, and the metabolism of trace elements have been observed to get increasing attention from researchers.
Security Strategy for Autonomous Vehicle Cyber-Physical Systems Using Transfer Learning
Authors: Alsulami Abdulaziz A. , Al-Haija Qasem Abu , Alturki Badraddin , Alqahtani Ali , Alsini Raed
Published: November 2022

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are emergent systems that enable effective real-time communication and collaboration (C&C) of physical components such as control systems, sensors, actuators, and the surrounding environment through a cyber communication infrastructure. As such, autonomous vehicles (AVs) are one of the various fields that have significantly adopted the CPS approach to improving people's lives in smart cities by reducing energy consumption and air pollution. Therefore, autonomous vehicle-cyber physical system (AVs-CPSs) has attracted enormous investments from major corporations and is projected to use widely in the future. However, AV-CPS is vulnerable to cyber and physical threat vectors due to the deep integration of information technology (IT) with the communication process. CPS components such as sensors and control systems through network infrastructure are particularly vulnerable to cyber-attacks targeted by attackers using the communication system. This paper proposes an intelligent intrusion detection system (IIDS) for AVs-CPS using transfer learning to identify cyberattacks launched against connected physical components of AVs through a network infrastructure. First, AV-CPS was developed by implementing the controller area network (CAN) and integrating it into the AV simulation model. Second, the dataset was generated from the AV-CPS. The collected dataset was then preprocessed to be trained and tested via pre-trained CNNs. Third, eight pre-trained networks were implemented, namely, InceptionV3, ResNet-50, ShuffleNet, MobileNetV2, GoogLeNet, ResNet-18, SqueezeNet, and AlexNet. The performance of the implemented models was evaluated. According to the experimental evaluation results, GoogLeNet outperforms all other pre-rained networks scoring an F1- score of 99.47%.
Anti-adhesive activity of some secondary metabolites against Staphylococcus aureus on 3D printing medical materials
Authors: RAOUAN Safae ER , ZOUINE Nouhaila , LACHKAR Mohammed , KORAICHI Saad IBNSOUDA , ABED Soumya EL
Published: November 2022

Recent improvements in 3D printing technology have increased the usage of 3D printed materials in several area. An exciting and emerging area of applying these next-generation manufacturing strategies is in the development of devices for biomedical applications. The main aim of this work was to investigate the effect of tannic acid, gallic acid and epicatechin gallate on the physicochemical characteristics of Acrylonitrile Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Nylon 3D printing materials. The results of the contact angle measurements showed a significant change in the physicochemical properties of both surfaces, indicated an increase in electron donor character of 3D printing materials following treatment. Thus, the ABS surfaces treated with tannic acid, gallic acid and epicatechin gallate have become more electron donating. Furthermore, the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus on untreated and treated materials was evaluated by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and the images were treated by MATLAB software. Our results proved the ability of S. aureus to adhere on all materials with a percentage of 77.86% for ABS and 91.62% for Nylon. The SEM has shown that all actives molecules were sufficient to obtain better inhibition of bacterial adhesion, which tannic acid has showed a total inhibition of S. aureus on ABS.
Osmium(VIII) Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Paracetamol by Chloramine-T in Aqueous Alkaline Medium - A Computational Screening and Mechanistic Pathway
Authors: Pareek Deepmala , Rolaniya Asha , Goswami Arkja , Bhasin Menka , Ranka Mamta , Sailani Riya
Published: November 2022

The kinetic study between paracetamol and N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide (chloramine-T) in the presence of an osmium(VIII) catalyst has been performed in an alkaline medium. The reaction exhibits second-order nature and the catalyst's effect indicates an uncatalyzed reaction simultaneously. The rate is retarded by hydroxide ions. The oxidation product to be quinone oxime is confirmed spectrally in stoichiometry where two moles of oxidant are required for each mole of the substrate. The thermodynamic quantities have also been computed using the Eyring equation. A plausible reaction mechanism is suggested accounting for all the experimental observations. To further support our proposed mechanism, density functional theory (DFT) computations at M06/6-311*G show that activation energy barriers predict the same reactivity trend as shown by the kinetic experiments.
Association of long-term triglyceride-glucose index level and change with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases
Authors: Wenqi Xu , Zhao Haiyan , Gao Lishu , Guo Lu , Liu jianrong , Sun Junyan , Xing Aijun , Chen Shuohua , Wu Shouling , Wu Yuntao
Published: November 2022

Background
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is considered as a pivotal factor for various metabolic, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular diseases. However, there is currently a paucity of relevant studies on the association between long-term level and change of TyG-index and cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) risk.We aimed to explore the risk of CMDs in relation to the long-term level and change of TyG-index.
Methods
Based on the prospective cohort study, a total of 36359 subjects who were free of CMDs, had complete data of triglyceride (TG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) and underwent four health check-ups from 2006 to 2012 consecutively were followed up for CMDs until 2021. The associations between long-term level and change of TyG-index and CMDs risk were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression models to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The TyG-index was calculated as ln [TG, mg/dL) × FBG, mg/dL)/2].
Results
During the median observation period of 8 years, 4685 subjects were newly diagnosed with CMDs. In multivariable-adjusted models, a graded positive association was observed between CMDs and long-term TyG-index. Compared with the Q1 group, subjects with the Q2-Q4 group had increased progressively risk of CMDs, with corresponding HRs of 1.64(1.47–1.83), 2.36(2.13–2.62), 3.15(2.84–3.49), respectively. The association was marginally attenuated, after further adjustment for the baseline TyG level. In addition, compared with stable TyG level, both loss and gain in TyG level were associated with increased CMDs risk.
Conclusions
Long-term elevated level and change of TyG-index are risk factors for the incident CMDs. Elevated TyG-index in the early stage remains to exert cumulative effects on the occurrence of CMDs even after accounting for the baseline TyG-index.
Inhibitory effect of gallium nitrate against Staphylococcus aureus and its action on the formation of biofilms on titanium surfaces
Authors: de Assis Amanda Stefanie Jabur , Pegoraro Guilherme Manassés , Germano-Costa Tais , Lima Renata , Pìmentel-Filho Natan de Jesus , Duarte Iolanda Cristina Silveira
Published: November 2022

Under the era of seeking new potential agents able to weaken the development and spread of multi-resistant bacteria towards traditional drugs, the use of the semimetal gallium (Ga3+) has stood out as an important strategy due to its physicochemical characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of gallium nitrate [Ga(NO3)3], an inorganic antimicrobial agent, against the growth and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibitory concentration of gallium nitrate was determined in a 96-well microtiter plate in Muller Hinton broth. The potential of the antimicrobial agent to inhibit biofilm formation by S. aureus on titanium surfaces was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The cytotoxicity potential of Ga(NO3)3 was determined on Hamster lung cells. The results showed that the IC50 of gallium nitrate against S. aureus was 1.40 µM, while SEM images revealed that concentrations above 90 µM completely inhibited biofilm formation by S. aureus. This research has shown promising results regarding gallium nitrate’s potential of inhibiting the growth of both planktonic and sessile S. aureus cells. In addition, coating titanium surfaces with Ga(NO3)3 would be an extra alternative to prevent implant-associated infections due to its non-toxicity to cells.
The potential for a combined heat and power (CHP) generation from municipal solid waste: a case study of Croatia
Authors: Traven Luka
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the potential for combined heat and power (CHP) generation in Croatia using municipal solid. Although modern waste-to-energy (WtE) facilities represent a viable and environmentally friendly method of waste treatment, no such plants are currently in operation in Croatia. In this study, the energy potential of municipal solid waste was estimated using data published in official documents and the scientific and technical literature. The results of the analysis point out that the amount of electricity which could be produced from MSW are in the range between 1,79 and 5,72% of the country’s total electricity production depending on the amount diverted to material recovery. In addition, a significant amount of thermal energy could be generated and used for residential and/or industrial applications. To promote this method of waste treatment, a joint effort should be initiated by the Croatian government and the relevant experts aimed at educational campaign for the all the stakeholders so that they are able to make informed opinions about WtE based on facts rather than perceptions.
Delineation of Target Volumes of Neoadjuvant Radiation in Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer in China: A Consensus Proposal
Authors: Han Dan , Dong jinling , Wang Qifeng , Li Baosheng , Liu Jun , Liu Hui , Qiu Bo , Zhang Wencheng , Yang Hong , Shen Wenbin , Zhang Yaowen , Zhu Xiangzhi , Gao Xinyu , Wang Xinran , Xie Feihong , Wang Yi , Wu Lei , Huang Wei
Published: November 2022

Background: To reach a consensus proposal on the delineation of target volumes of neoadjuvant radiation (nRT) in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) in China.
Methods: Nine ESCC patients (cases 1-9) who underwent nRT were retrospectively allocated from the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Shandong Cancer Hospital from February 2020 to June 2021. A working party composed of eight cancer radiotherapy centers delineated the patients’ nRT target volumes for two rounds: the first round of delineation included cases 1–6, and the second round included cases 7–9. After each round of delineation, the working party held an online meeting. Differences in mean undirected Hausdorff distances (Hmean), dice similarity coefficient (DSC), and total volumes between two rounds were investigated with a Mann–Whitney U test.
Results:Delineations in the second round were more consistent between centers (the clinical target volume of the total volume (CTVtotal): mean DSC=0.76–0.81; mean Hmean=2.11–3.14 cm) than in the first round (CTVtotal: mean DSC=0.63–0.64; mean Hmean=5.66–7.34 cm；DSC and Hmean: p<0.050 between rounds). Finally, a proposal and an atlas were obtained for target volumes delineation in patients with ESCC who will be treated with nRT.
Conclusions: involved field irradiation is widely recommended for ESCC treatment in China. Elective nodal irradiation should be administered to the supraclavicular and abdominal lymph nodes, and the range of prophylactic irradiation should not be too large. The formation of the proposal will greatly facilitate the promotion of nRT for ESCC and accurate delineation of target volumes.
Impregnation of pinewood with softwood Kraft lignin
Authors: Borrega Marc
Published: November 2022

Scots pine wood was impregnated under vacuum with an aqueous 60% acetone solution containing about 10% softwood Kraft lignin. The impregnation treatment incorporated 6–8% of lignin (on wood dry mass) to the wood samples and caused a noticeable change in color from pale yellow to dark brown, but microscopy images showed that the lignin remained mostly within 200 µm from the wood surface. Pinewood samples impregnated with lignin and subjected to water leaching trials had a mass loss of only about 1%, in accordance with the insolubility of Kraft lignin in water. The impregnated wood exhibited lower hygroscopicity and considerably lower surface wettability, as indicated by an increase of more than 100% in water contact angle. Lignin impregnation also improved the fungal decay resistance of the wood against the brown rot fungus Rhodonia placenta, but had no effect against Coniophora puteana. On the other hand, lignin impregnation worsened the flammability properties of the pinewood as determined by cone calorimetry, especially in relation to smoke formation. Enhancing the penetration of lignin into the wood structure may help improving further the resistance to fungal decay, while the combination of flame retardant additives with the lignin may be required in order to improve the flammability properties of pinewood.
Recycling History, Maturity, Paleoweathering, and Paleoclimatic Conditions of the Campano-Maastrichtian Sandstones in the Northern Bida Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Adepoju Suraju , Johnson Olusola , Sreeni Bulusu , Akande Samuel
Published: November 2022

The Campanian-Maastrichtian sandstone and siltstone facies of the Bida and Enagi formations, northern Bida Basin Nigeria were logged and sampled. The study aims to evaluate the sandstone's petrographic, mineralogical, and bulk geochemical compositions. This is towards exemplifying sediment recycling, maturity, paleoweathering history, and the prevailing paleoclimatic conditions during depositions in the parts of Bida Basin. Petrography result reveals framework modal composition of Bida Formation sandstones as Q93.51−100F0−2.60L/R0 − 3.90 whereas the Enagi Formation sandstones constituents includes Q84.42−98.72F0−3.75L/R1.18−15.58, thus the Bida Formation sandstones are classified as mostly quartzarenite with minor sublitharenite whereas Enagi Formation sandstone are basically classified as sublitharenite with minor quartzarenite varieties. Mineralogical composition from the X-ray diffractions revealed higher kaolinite contents among the mineral constitutes with relatively high quartz contents while muscovite, anatase and iron-rich minerals (goethite and hematite) were recorded in trace amounts and this suggests significant post-depositional weathering prior to reworking. Higher geochemical weathering indices values, including chemical index of alteration (CIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW), plagioclase index of alteration (PIA), and chemical proxy for alteration (CPA), as well as the ternary A-CN-K and A-CNK-FM plots for both Bida and Enagi formations, suggest an intense weathering and reworking at the source area during late Cretaceous. Geochemical proxies, weathering indices and plots show that the compositionally mature to super mature sediments were deposited under warm, temperate to tropical humid climatic paleoclimatic settings. The light rare earth elements (LREE) enrichment relative to heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and low negative europium (Eu/Eu*) anomaly values with geochemical discrimination plots revealed that the sandstones were sourced from a felsic rocks’ provenance within a passive margin paleotectonic settings. This study concluded that the Campano-Maastrichtian Bida and Enagi formations siliciclastic sediments in the northern Bida sub-Basin, northcentral Nigeria were subjected to extreme weathering, during a warm, temperate to tropical humid climate with the dominance of semi-humid and only brief semi-arid conditions.
A risk prediction model associated with postoperative diarrhea in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Xu Junbin , Sun Jian , Zhou Jianping , Chen Huijuan
Published: November 2022

Objective: We aim to assess the clinical significance and risk factors of diarrhea for the postoperative colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and construct a risk prediction model accordingly to estimate risk of diarrhea.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 694 postoperative CRC patients in our center from March 2013 to December 2020, which was randomized into the training cohort and the validation cohort in a ratio of 7:3. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression and logistic regression were used to select independent risk factors, develop a risk prediction model and draw a nomogram, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the predictive power and clinical application value of the model.
Results: The type of antibiotic (OR 7.984, 95% CI 4.293-15.655; P<0.001), time to first postoperative exhaust (OR 0.669, 95% CI 0.582-0. 762; P<0.001), intestinal obstruction (OR 2.227, 95% CI 1.290-3.875; P=0.004), superficial infection (OR 2.965, 95% CI 1.256-7.471; P=0.016), and deep infection (OR 5.981, 95% CI 2.494-15.859; P<0.001) were identified as independent risk factors. The area under curve (AUC) for the training and validation cohorts were 0.778 (95% CI 0.736-0.821) and 0.771 (95% CI 0.700-0.842), respectively. Furthermore, the DCA verified the good effectiveness of this model for clinical application.
Conclusions: For CRC patients with the aforementioned risk factors, postoperative diarrhea should be carefully treated to avoid the bad clinical outcome based on the postoperative diarrhea risk score model.
Kv1.3 blockade alleviates white matter injury through reshaping M1/M2 phenotypes after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Wang Bo , Chen Jie , Wang Shuhong , Chen Lin , Zhang Xuyang , Zhou Tengyuan , Zhong Jun , Zhang Chao , He Yijia , Zuo Yonglin , Feng Hua , Yin Yi , Ge Hongfei
Published: November 2022

Background: White matter injury (WMI) in basal ganglia usually induces long-term disability after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Kv1.3 is highly expressed in microglia, and exaggerates neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. The present study investigated the role of inflammatory response resulting from Kv1.3 activation in WMI, as well as the effect of Kv1.3 blockade on microglia polarization after ICH.
Methods: ICH was introduced in mice using autologous blood. The expression of Kv1.3 was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunoblot and immunostaining assays. Then, the effect of administration of 5-(4-Phenoxybutoxy) psoralen (PAP-1), a selectively pharmacological inhibitor of Kv1.3, on functional recovery was investigated using open field test (OFT) and basso mouse score (BMS). Next, the RT-qPCR, immunoblot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays were performed to elucidate the changes of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors around hematoma with PAP-1 application after ICH. Thereafter, the role of PAP-1 in regulating microglia polarization was examined through RT-qPCR, immunoblot and immunostaining assays.
Results: After ICH, the expression of Kv1.3 was significantly increased in microglia around hematoma after ICH. The administration of PAP-1 markedly improved neurological outcomes through reducing the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulating the deposition of anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic factors. The reason for this beneficial effect ascribes to facilitating microglia polarization into M2-like microglia.
Conclusion: Kv1.3 blockade using PAP-1 obviously reduced the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated the deposition of anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic factors through facilitating microglia polarization into M2-like microglia. The present study provides evidence Kv1.3 blockade is suitable to mitigate WMI through facilitating microglia transformation into M2-like phenotype after ICH.