bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A BNCC e o campo de atuação artístico-literário: o espaço aos estudos literários no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Chiaradia Kátia Nelsina Pereira
Published: April 2024

A proposta deste artigo é oferecer uma comparação entre algumas habilidades do campo artístico-literário da Base Nacional Comum Curricular e as leituras que os currículos estaduais de SP, RJ, PR e PE deram às mesmas habilidades. Com isso, pretende-se problematizar a compreensão que a escola média tem do que é literatura, aproximando-a dos estudos linguísticos e distanciando-a dos estudos literários. O texto passa ainda pela discussão sobre a urgente necessidade de um plano de formação docente direcionado à ampliação do repertório estético-literário dos professores, para que, dispondo de critérios literários, possam ser mais capazes de escolher (ou recusar) obras literárias para seus alunos, com vistas à educação integral do sujeito.
Alguns Camões bem diferentes
Authors: De Brito Matheus
Published: April 2024

Este artigo consiste numa revisão bibliográfica dos estudos camonianos. Na primeira parte, articulamos a crítica da historiografia à relativização da figura autoral, como também à identidade cultural forjada à volta de Camões. Na segunda, procuramos ver algumas fases disciplinares da camonologia e delinear alguns de seus recentes resultados. Já na terceira, a modo de sumário, discutimos alguns propósitos ou interesses cognitivos hoje presentes nos estudos camonianos.
O dia em que a casa cai: a hora e a vez dos "mineirinhos"
Authors: Ferreira Ermelinda Maria Araújo
Published: April 2024

Para Edward Said, intelectual é aquela figura cujo desempenho público não pode ser previsto nem forçado a enquadrar-se numa linha partidária ortodoxa ou num dogma rígido. Em As representações dos intelectuais, no entanto, ele se confessa desanimado com essa percepção, pela tendência que observa nesta classe de promover a alta cultura, deplorando o “homem comum” e a cultura de massa. Neste artigo, discutimos brevemente as estratégias de posicionamento crítico e autocrítico de Guimarães Rosa e de Clarice Lispector frente ao problema, a partir de uma abordagem comparativista do conto “A hora e a vez de Augusto Matraga” e da crônica “Um grama de radium – Mineirinho”.
The Indian Aesthetics of Emotions ("rasa"): Non-duality, Aesthetic Experience and the Body
Authors: Loundo Dilip
Published: April 2024

As a spiritual discipline leading one towards the universal, Indian performing arts involve a pedagogy of disclosure, showing things as they really are: art in not a matter of unpredictable inspiration, but an effortful exploration into the extraordinary residing in the ordinary. As such, while embracing the ever-present essence of things, art is defined by Tagore as a means of disclosure of the essentiality of life, rather than a representation of it. In other words, art is a means of bringing transparency to life, getting one rid of the dust, the fantasies and the distractions that dominate one’s quotidian dealings. It’s, finally, a kind of meditative performance, a radical exercise of paying attention to one’s immediate reality.
Criando deuses substitutos
Authors: Sperber Suzi Frankl
Published: April 2024

Winston Smith, protagonista do romance 1984, de George Orwell, menciona “os princípios sagrados do Ingsoc” (acrônimo de "Socialismo Inglês", ideologia do partido governante no romance 1984), que são “Novilíngua, duplopensar, a mutabilidade do passado”. A nova sacralidade é herética, cruel e deformadora da realidade. Lembra circunstâncias atuais que declaram que o nazismo foi partido de extrema esquerda... Pretendo analisar o tipo de pseudo sacralidade, ou antes, a sacralização do ódio e a apresentação dos deuses substitutos tais como se apresentam em 1984, romance de George Orwell. E suas relações hodiernas.
O sonho dantesco e o pesadelo de Castro Alves: a viagem do navio negreiro ao porto da città dolente. Ou: Castro Alves e as leituras da "Divina Comédia" no Romantismo brasileiro
Authors: Vieira Matheus Silva
Published: April 2024

Esta pesquisa analisa a influência de Dante Alighieri no Romantismo brasileiro e em suas preocupações sociais, a partir do poema “O Navio Negreiro”, de Castro Alves. Neste artigo, abordamos questões sociais como a escravidão, e de que maneira esse tema foi abordado no campo poético do Romantismo. Castro Alves, como poeta romântico, era socialmente comprometido como porta-voz das classes populares, pois o Romantismo brasileiro não só definiu o papel da poesia em meio à sociedade, mas também definiu as responsabilidades do poeta no meio social.
O circuito cultural do SLAM MG: produção, circulação e recepção literária pelas margens da literatura mineira contemporânea
Authors: Souza Luiz Eduardo Rodrigues de Almeida , Costa Clara Carolina Oliveira da , Carvalhais Thaís Ramos , Carvalho Flaviane Faria
Published: April 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma apresentação breve e inicial sobre o histórico do SLAM MG que, ao longo de cinco anos de existência, contou com a participação de 30 comunidades de slam e cerca de 150 artistas de Minas Gerais. Mergulhamos numa análise sensorial da recepção estética da performance da poeta Iza Reis, que participou da classificatória final do SLAM MG em 2019, à luz das categorias de vocalidades poéticas com Paul Zumthor (2014) e das oralituras em performance com a Leda Maria Martins (2021).
Abya Yala Poetry Slam: a Copa Slam das Américas. Entrevista com Comikk Mg (México)
Authors: Cavalcante Gabriele
Published: April 2024

O poeta mexicano Comikk MG já atuava nas periferias da capital mexicana, local esse de onde é oriundo, organizando eventos de Hip-Hop nos anos de 2006 e 2007 antes de estudar e organizar eventos de poetry slam no país. Depois de 10 anos tendo eventos somente na capital, Comikk MG e Carlos Ascensión Ramírez Méndez, conhecido como Karlos Atl, organizaram o primeiro Nacional Poetry Slam do México. Já com a brasileira Roberta Estrela D´Alva, Comikk MG é co-fundador do Abya Yala Poetry Slam, o campeonato de poesia falada das Américas.
As quase razões do sentido
Authors: De Oliveira Rachel Cecília
Published: April 2024

Resenha crítica do livro LAGE, Mariana. Enquanto as folhas tremem soltas no ar: “poemas” sem ruído. Belo Horizonte: Ed. Do autor, 2020
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: The Revolutionization of Medicine
Authors: Brass Steven , Larsen Donald , Panuganti Deeksha , Khan Noorafsha , Khatri Vijay
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a significant part of healthcare, with the potential to alter the landscape of medicine as we know it. The primary objective of this review is to provide definitions of crucial AI terminology and explore how AI is revolutionizing aspects of healthcare that encompass diagnosis, clinical operations, and treatment. The authors describe a framework to help leaders facilitate the selection and deployment of AI in healthcare. They also discuss the potential challenges of AI, including the regulatory angle, data bias, data accuracy, cost of AI, and how AI can affect healthcare jobs in the future.
Acesso vascular por via intraóssea em emergências pediátricas: recomendações de sítios anatômicos, dispositivos para realizar o procedimento e contraindicações
Authors: Cardoso Thierry da Silva , Sousa Quemili de Cássia Dias de , Souto Wanderley Rodrigues , Macêda Isabelle Oliveira , Carilo Guilherme Anawate , Faria Elter Alves , Soares Felipe Leal , Vieira Hellen Caroline Costa
Published: April 2024

A obtenção de acesso venoso periférico é essencial para a administração de fluidos e drogas durante situações de emergência, especialmente em pacientes críticos. Em casos de dificuldade na obtenção do acesso, o acesso intraósseo se apresenta como uma opção rápida e segura para garantir a administração de tratamentos vitais. Objetivou-se esse trabalho em discorrer acerca das indicações de sítios anatômicos para punção intra óssea, agravos clínicos e eventos adversos. O estudo consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica acerca da punção intraóssea em pacientes pediátricos, realizada por meio de buscas bibliográficas em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais como Lilacs, Medline, Science Direct e Scielo. Os resultados desse estudo mostraram que a via intraóssea consolida-se, hoje, como uma segunda opção de acesso vascular no atendimento a emergências, por ser uma técnica de fácil e rápida execução, apresentar vários sítios de punção não colapsáveis e permitir que a administração de fármacos e a reposição volêmica sejam rápidas e eficazes. A via intraóssea é uma opção segura e eficaz de acesso vascular em crianças gravemente doentes, permitindo economia de tempo e maior atenção a outros procedimentos de emergência. No entanto, a técnica ainda é pouco explorada devido à falta de conhecimento e treinamento das equipes de saúde que atuam em serviços de urgência e emergência.
Semi-mechanized wood harvesting: what are the ergonomic gaps in these workstations?
Authors: Menezes Rayane Aparecida Silva , Fiedler Nilton César , Rodrigues Carla Krulikowski , Oliveira Felipe Martins de , Soranso Denise Ransolin , Ramalho Antônio Henrique Cordeiro , Aragão Mariana de Aquino , Masioli William
Published: April 2024

Semi-mechanized wood harvesting is feasible for ventures with limited financial resources; however, it entails significant occupational risks for operators. Therefore, the objective of this study was to conduct an ergonomic analysis of semi-mechanized wood harvesting, correlating variables in an integrated manner with their intervention requirements. Hence, physical workload, hand and arm vibration, thermal comfort, noise, and illuminance were assessed during semi-mechanized cutting and manual wood extraction. Subsequently, a color-coded system was established to indicate the need for ergonomic intervention. Operators had an average age of 30 years and a Body Mass Index of 24.9. The manual extraction phase exhibited higher values for cardiovascular workload (> 40%), Maximum Heart Rate (194 bpm), and Average Partial Exposure (12.5 m. s-1) compared to the cutting phase. The average thermal comfort index recorded at the start of the work shift was 18.9 °C. Noise exposure levels during cutting surpassed regulated limits. Illuminance levels throughout the work shift averaged 22,701 lux. Consequently, it is concluded that both semi-mechanized harvesting and manual extraction require urgent ergonomic intervention in at least one variable. The use of personal protective equipment, implementation of controlled breaks, and replacement of machinery with more modern equipment are recommended.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCRINING AND DETERMINATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITICAL CAPACITY OF BUTTERFLY LEAVES (Bauhinia Purpurea L) AS A GUIDE FOR WOUND HEALING IN WOMEN AFTER PREGNANCY
Authors: Tunggal Tri , Yuniarti  , Rusmilawaty  , Prihatanti Nur Rohmah , Sofia Norlaila , Aprilea Noor Adha , Mallongi Anwar
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objectives of the research were to break down and analyze the secondary metabolite chemical compounds identified in Butterfly Leaves (Bauhinia purpurea L) and determine the amount present in the plant.
 
Theoretical framework: Proper perineal wound care will help the perineal wound healing process in a short time. One of the ways to treat wounds in postnatal women is to use a traditional butterfly flower herb as a means of accelerating wound healing.  Proper perineal wound care will help the perineal wound healing process, so the wound can heal quickly.  One way to treat perineal wounds that can be done is to use a butterfly flower plant (Bauhinia Purpurea L).
 
Methods: This research design is experimental, testing the levels of alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins in butterfly leaves (Bauhinia Purpurea L). The population and sample were all butterfly leaves. This research was conducted at a herbal medicine factory in Banjarmasin.
 
Results and conclusions: The group of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the butterfly leaf (Bauhinia Purpurea L.): Flavoid, tannin, phenol, alkaloid, safonim and steroid). Secondary metabolic levels in butterfly leaves and flowers: Flanoids: 19.03 mg/g (1.90%), Tannins: 23.39 mg/g (2.33 %), Phenol: 37.84 mg/g (3.78 %), Alkoloids: 2.48 mg/g (2.48 %), Saponins: 11.26 mg/g (0.12 %), Steroids: 2.32 mg/g (2.32%). Proper perineal wound care will help the healing process of perineal wounds, so that the wound can heal in a short time. One way of treating perineal wounds that can be done is using butterfly flower plants (Bauhinia Purpurea L).
Implications of the research: This research provides a scientific basis for understanding the chemical composition of butterfly leaves (Bauhinia purpurea L) and highlights their potential benefits in perineal wound care. The implications extend to herbal medicine practices, healthcare for postnatal women, the integration of traditional and modern medicine, and the promotion of further research and development in this field.
SHIFTING CORRUPTION PREVENTION TO CORRUPTION PROTECTION THROUGH GOVERNMENT POLICY IN INDONESIA?
Authors: Tjandra Willibrordus Riawan
Published: April 2024

Objective: The purpose of this article is to discuss the policy of handling public complaints based on the Memorandum of Understanding signed jointly by the Attorney General, the Chief of the Indonesian National Police and the Minister of Home Affairs in 2023, namely Memorandum of Understanding Number: 100.4.7/437/SJ Number: 1 Year 2023 Number: NK/1/I/2023 based on the principle of prioritizing State Administrative Law (primum remidium) in handling cases of alleged abuse of authority by government officials.
 
Methodology: The analysis in discussing legal policies for handling public complaints in Indonesia is based on normative legal research methods with a statutory approach and policy studies on Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration, regulations regarding the eradication of corruption and Memorandum of Understanding Number: 100.4.7/437/SJ Number: NK/1/I/2023.
 
Results: Based on the discussion of the current policy for handling public complaints in Indonesia, it is found that Memorandum of Understanding Number: 100.4.7/437/SJ Number: 1 Year 2023 Number: NK/1/I/2023 places administrative procedures in handling public complaints against alleged abuse of authority by government officials by prioritizing the settlement of state administrative law before handling using corruption criminal law.
 
Conclusion: The policy of handling public complaints based on the Memorandum of Understanding Number: 100.4.7/437/SJ Number: 1 Year 2023 Number: NK/1/I/2023 is intended to structuring the system for handling allegations of abuse of authority by government officials based on the principle of State Administrative Law as a prioritized step (primum remidium) and Criminal Law as the last legal remedy if the State Administrative Law effort is inadequate to apply (ultimum remidium).The policy of handling public complaints based on that Memorandum of Understanding which is oriented towards prevention of alleged abuse of authority, can resolve abuse of authority by government officials in the realm of state administrative law with the aim of improving the implementation of government policies.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF GOOGLE TOOLS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RESEARCH PROCESSES IN THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION SCIENCES
Authors: Salas Mendizabal Brenda Karen , Paca Vallejo Natali Kennet , Yabar Miranda Percy Samuel , Chui Betancur Heber Nehemias
Published: April 2024

Objective: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Google tools implemented in the PIUSE platform for managing research processes in the Faculty of Education Sciences at the Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno. The average age of the participants was 46.86±7.87 years. 
 
Method: The research followed a quasi-experimental design and involved 125 teachers who served as jurors and/or advisors for the second specialty program at the Faculty. This study employed three instruments: an effectiveness questionnaire for reviewing research projects and reports (α=0.967), an effectiveness questionnaire for approving research projects and reports (α=0.894), and an effectiveness questionnaire for substantiating research projects and reports (α=0.882). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was utilized to compare two related samples, before and after the implementation of the PIUSE platform, with a significance level of p>0.05, using IBM SPSS v.25 software.
 
The results: The PIUSE platform, which was built using Google tools, had a significant impact on the efficiency of project and research report review and approval (Z=-9.729; p<0.001), information sharing during review (Z=-9.702; p<0.001), and editing and proofreading during project and research report review (Z=-9.766; p<0.001).
 
Conclusions: The use of Google tools facilitated the efficient management of research processes in the Faculty of Education Sciences.
OPTIMAL SAMPLE SIZE IN CITRUS PROGENIES CONSIDERING THE DEGREE OF HOMOZYGOSITY OF THEIR PARENTS AND THE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
Authors: Santos Leandro Ribeiro dos , Ledo Carlos Alberto da Silva , Corrêa Fábio Mathias , Santana Lizziane Gomes Leal , Coelho Filho Mauricio Antonio , Ferreira Cláudia Fortes , Gesteira Abelmon da Silva , Soares Filho Walter dos Santos
Published: April 2024

Drought tolerance is a fundamental characteristic for the development of citrus rootstock varieties. The leaf curling (reaction to water deficit) and shoot emission (reaction to rehydration) degrees are phenotypic traits that can be used to select superior genotypes. This work aimed to determine the optimal sample size of citrus progenies to concerning these traits. The study was carried out in Cruz das Almas municipality, Bahia State. The progenies studied resulted from the crosses of ‘Sunki da Flórida’ mandarin (TSKFL) with the male parents ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (CTSW), ‘Benecke’ trifoliate orange (TRBK) and the hybrid ‘Rangpur’ lime x trifoliate orange (LCR x TR). The degree of homozygosity of the parents was identified by analysis of SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers, and the modified maximum curvature method was applied to define the optimal sample size. The molecular tests showed that the ‘Sunki da Flórida’ mandarin had the maximum degree of homozygosity (coefficient of endogamy f = 1), and male parents had f-values of 0.615 (TRBK), 0.379 (LCR x TR) and 0.297 (CTSW). The optimal sample size was ten individuals, sufficient to represent the citrus progenies in the evaluations aimed at the mentioned traits, considering parents with similar levels of homozygosis.
RELAÇÃO DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PRECOCE DE EPINEFRINA EM PACIENTES EM PARADA CARDÍACA
Authors: Cardoso Ana Luísa Cerqueira , Batista Nicolle Maria Florencio , Viana Maria Isadora Távora Tavares Cavalcanti , Costa Thiago Vinicius Santana , Albuquerque Analice Maria de Luna , Saraiva Raphael Lima , Melo Felipe Oliveira Miranda de , Souza Isadora Fernanda Lima de , Oliveira Maria Vitória Souza de , Reis Leonardo Dornelas Camara , Araujo Neto Antonio Rodrigues de
Published: April 2024

A adrenalina foi descoberta por volta do final do século XIX, sendo o principal fármaco de escolha para a ressuscitação de parada cardíaca extra-hospitalar, devido aos benefícios proporcionados por essa droga por aumentar as chances de retorno da circulação espontânea. No entanto, há evidências de que a dose cumulativa de adrenalina está associada a menores taxas de sobrevida, além de promover um efeito prejudicial na função neurológica após a restauração da circulação espontânea.
PROPOSTA TEÓRICA DE PROTOTIPAGEM PARA AUXÍLIO NO MONITORAMENTO E ALARME DE FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA, OXIMETRIA E TEMPERATURA COM FOCO EM IDOSOS EM CASAS DE REPOUSO
Authors: Borges Guilherme Siquette , Rocha Isaque Pereira , Moraes Johnny Gomes de , Rodrigues Kaique Oliveira , Prado Matheus Henrique da Silveira , Iartelli Alexandre
Published: April 2024

Em uma perspectiva geral, considerando a variação entre as décadas, pode-se afirmar que a expectativa de vida no Brasil tem aumentado nos últimos 80 anos, resultando em diversos problemas sociais para o grupo populacional de idosos. A ausência de cuidados adequados aliado ao aumento dos indicadores de maus tratos como abandono, violência física, violência psicológica e violência financeira ou material contribuem negativamente e evidencia um alerta sobre os direitos, cuidados e dignidade que a população idosa necessita. Casas de repouso tem se tornado uma alternativa e tendência para essa população, entretanto, nem todas possuem infraestrutura e efetivo adequado para suprir as demandas de todos os hóspedes. Diante desses problemas, surge a possibilidade de desenvolver tecnologias com automação para auxiliar profissionais de saúde no monitoramento de alguns parâmetros essenciais de idosos em casas de repouso. Neste artigo é apresentado, descrito e contextualizado os problemas enfrentados por parte da população idosa e uma possível solução no que tange cuidados referentes a mensuração, monitoramento e alarme de parâmetros vitais como frequência cardíaca, oximetria de pulso e temperatura corporal. Para tanto, foi introduzido o tema, apresentada a justificativa da proposta, definidos os objetivos gerais e específicos, fundamentada teoricamente a proposta a partir da revisão bibliográfica, desenvolvida a metodologia de solução e dissertados os resultados e discussões. A definição e desenvolvimento de cada um desses tópicos foram essenciais para execução do artigo, uma vez que cada tópico antecessor serviu de fundamento para o tópico subsequente e, a cada título do documento tornou-se evidente a construção e integração da proposta de maneira consistente.
A SUBLIMAÇÃO DO AMOR: O ESTILO ARTÍSTICO DAS OBRAS DE BING XIN E A BÍBLIA
Authors: Nina Lizia Gabriela de Pinho
Published: April 2024

Bing Xin 冰心 é uma escritora chinesa do século XX fora do comum. Ela entrou no mundo literário com a esclosao do movimento Quatro de Maio  五四运动. Ao longo de sua jornada literaria ela recebeu uma profunda influência do cristianismo, os temas e o estilo artístico de suas obras contém a marca da cultura cristã, por isso é importante examinar a relação entre sua escrita e a Bíblia, pois o estudo e a imitação da Bíblia lançaram as bases para suas primeiras técnicas artísticas.  A partir da análise dos três gêneros artístico, tanto nos contos como na poesia, e na prosa podemos notar em graus variados a influência da Bíblia em suas obras. Sob a dupla influência da cultura tradicional chinesa e da cultura cristã, Bing Xin formou seu próprio “Estilo Bing Xin”, com uma mistura de linguagem clássica e linguagem vernacular, tornando se pioneira do movimento vernacular.
CÂNCER DE PELE: FATORES DE RISCO E AVANÇOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO
Authors: Reimão Gabriella Abib Martins , Santana Roberta Lima , Pereira Filho José Roberto Alves , Beber Uiara Jones , Costa Jéssica de Oliveira da , Ribeiro Mateus Oliveira , Castro Lara Rodrigues Pinheiro , Vieira Pedro Harnon Dantas , Oliveira Luno Elias Santos , Martins Fernanda da Silva Reis
Published: April 2024

O câncer de pele abrange diversos tipos, sendo os mais comuns o carcinoma basocelular, carcinoma espinocelular e melanoma. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar os fatores de risco e avanços no diagnóstico dessa doença. Foi conduzida uma revisão exploratória da literatura, com consulta a artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024 em bases de dados como PubMed Central, Google Acadêmico e SciELO, para identificar estudos relevantes. Após a seleção criteriosa de 229 resultados, foram examinados 47 artigos para uma análise mais detalhada. Observou-se que o carcinoma basocelular é o mais comum e de crescimento lento, enquanto o carcinoma espinocelular pode se disseminar se não tratado precocemente. O melanoma, embora menos frequente, é mais agressivo e tem maior probabilidade de se espalhar. Na discussão, foi ressaltada a importância da detecção precoce e tratamento adequado para reduzir a mortalidade associada ao câncer de pele. Foram examinados os fatores de risco específicos para cada tipo de câncer de pele e evidenciou-se que a exposição ao sol desprotegido é um denominador comum em todos eles. Também foram apresentadas as inovações no diagnóstico, como o uso de inteligência artificial na dermatoscopia e biópsias líquidas. Em conclusão, o rastreamento regular, a conscientização sobre os riscos solares e os investimentos em pesquisa são fundamentais para avançar no tratamento e controle do câncer de pele. Essas medidas podem contribuir significativamente para reduzir o impacto devastador dessa doença e melhorar os resultados para os pacientes em todo o mundo.
Principles of access to justice and guarantees of its implementation in criminal proceedings
Authors: Kubarieva Olha , Pertsev Roman
Published: April 2024

In the conditions of competition and conflict of criminal proceedings, when the interests of its participants conflict with each other and are directly opposite, the importance of ensuring a real and not a formal mechanism for exercising the right to a fair trial increases. The above indicates the need for an in-depth investigation of the structure and legal guarantees for the proper implementation of the principle of access to justice. The purpose of this study was to establish the content of the principle of access to justice and determine individual guarantees for its implementation in criminal proceedings. According to the set purpose and specifics of the subject of the study, a set of methods was applied, including formal logical, historical legal, methods of comparative and system-structural analysis, formal legal, comparative legal, statistical methods. The principal results and the practical value of this study are as follows. The content of an independent and impartial court was covered and legal guarantees of independence of courts from the executive power, procedural guarantees of independence of courts from parties to the process were defined. The study clarified the legally established conditions for ensuring the independence of the court, which are legally laid down in the provisions of Articles 34, 35, 389-391 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine. The possibility of supplementing the current criminal procedural legislation with an additional principle – “independence and impartiality of the court” was emphasized. The study justified that the exercise of the right of access to the court should not be limited and should apply equally to any participant in criminal proceedings, regardless of whether they are a victim, witness, suspect, or accused. It was argued that the provisions of Item 10 Part 1 of Article 284 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine limit the victim’s right to access to justice, depriving them of the opportunity already at the stage of pre-trial investigation to restore their rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests violated by the criminal offence
The opioid crisis in canada – Governmental responses and strategies
Authors: Buckley Norm , Busse Jason
Published: April 2024

The opioid crisis in canada – Governmental responses and strategies

Norm Buckley, Scientific Director at the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research & Care, and Jason Busse, Director of the Michael G DeGroote National Pain Centre at McMaster University, discuss the complexities of chronic pain management and addressing the opioid crisis. The National Advisory Council on Prescription Drug Misuse was formed to address the opioid crisis in Canada. Led by the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse (now known as the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse and Addiction), the Coalition on Prescription Drug Misuse (Alberta), and the Nova Scotia Department of Health and Wellness, in partnership with Health Canada’s First Nations and Inuit Health Branch’s Prescription Drug Abuse Coordinating Committee (PDACC), the Council released First Do No Harm: Responding to Canada’s Prescription Drug Crisis in March 2013. Half of the recommendations addressed issues regarding chronic pain, recognizing the link between opioid prescribing and chronic pain. The Council recommended establishing competencies for healthcare professionals, improving healthcare professional curricula for pain and addiction, ensuring access to optimal care for pain as well as addiction, and supporting research that would optimize evidence-based care of patients.
Development of novel therapies for pediatric cancer: Successes and challenges
Authors: Bjornsti Mary-Ann , Houghton Peter J
Published: April 2024

Development of novel therapies for pediatric cancer: Successes and challenges

Peter J. Houghton from Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute and Mary-Ann Bjornsti from the University of Alabama discuss some of the key challenges in the development of therapies for pediatric cancer care. Despite pediatric cancer being a rare disease, constituting less than 1% of cancers overall, research into developing new effective and less genotoxic therapy is of critical importance. ‘Significance’ in terms of clinical research, for many, is determined by the number of patients afflicted with a particular cancer type. For example, in the US, there are approximately 150,000 new diagnoses for non-small cell lung cancer annually or about ten times the number of all pediatric cancers diagnosed. However, viewing pediatric cancer from the perspective of life-years saved, one can see that giving a child sixty plus years of good quality life is not only ‘significant’ but is actually cost-effective from the perspective of societal impact. Further, the burden on families following a cancer diagnosis for their child is enormous, both emotionally and financially. That stated, developing novel, effective new agents for the treatment of childhood cancer poses challenges. For three decades, most therapies for pediatric cancer have relied on chemotherapy, with or without external beam radiation. These treatments are toxic and genotoxic and often lead to secondary malignancies or life-threatening long-term sequelae.
Medical abrasion phenomenon as a cause of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Lyu Shaw-Ruey
Published: April 2024

Medical abrasion phenomenon as a cause of knee osteoarthritis

Professor Shaw-Ruey Lyu from Tzu-Chi University tells us how the discovery of the medial abrasion phenomenon, as a cause of knee osteoarthritis, has changed how it is best treated. According to our series of studies, (1) the MAP can cause physical abrasion, which leads to cartilage debris and chemical erosions in the knee; all these factors then compound one another, making knee OA worse all the while. For example, more abrasion produces more cartilage debris which leads to more physical abrasion and synovitis (synovial inflammation); synovitis leads to biochemical erosion that further damages cartilage. A vicious circle ensues, and the patient suffers from worsening knee OA (Fig.1).
Conserving elephant populations: Not without consultation
Authors: Wunderlich Stephan
Published: April 2024

Conserving elephant populations: Not without consultation

Global North and South when it comes to conservation, human rights and climate protection, particularly concerning elephant populations. The savannah elephant – Africa’s symbolic animal – has reclaimed large parts of its original range thanks to rigorous conservation measures. In the transnational Kavango–Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA), in Southern Africa, which is the size of Spain, the animals have been able to multiply rapidly. However, this is not without problems for people: elephants are increasingly destroying the annual harvests, supplies, seeds for the following year’s harvest, houses and entire villages of a population that lives primarily from subsistence farming. People are injured or killed in encounters.
Independent research experiences in sustainable chemistry
Authors: Swain Greg M
Published: April 2024

Independent research experiences in sustainable chemistry

The Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) programme in the Department of Chemistry at Michigan State University was created to inform students majoring in chemistry, biochemistry and chemical engineering about key societal sustainability challenges and to provide graduate-level independent research experiences that address aspects of these challenges. The REU programme exposes students to how sustainable practices are impacting research and technology development in chemistry and chemical engineering. The 10-week summer programme introduces students, many of whom are engaging in graduate-level research for the first time, to the multiple steps in the research process: (i) formulate research questions and a hypothesis, (ii) create a research design, (iii) execute an experimental plan, (iv) data analysis and interpretation, and (v) report out on the findings and their significance.
Are nanotextures enough to kill cancer cells?
Authors: Webster Thomas J
Published: April 2024

Are nanotextures enough to kill cancer cells?

Nanotextures on nanoparticles and implants to kill cancer cells in a more targeted manner may just be the key to tackling resistance to traditional cancer drugs. Is our fight against cancer complete? Consider that although for many cancer diagnoses, while people are living longer, the rate of cancer metastasis is still increasing.(1) Further, consider that prostate and some other select cancers remain persistent with only a few new approaches, and even those are not working.(2) In fact, most oncologists only look to the drug industry (a.k.a., Big PHARMA) to develop new drugs to help them. Does anyone believe this is the best we can do? Are chemotherapeutics really the answer? Have drugs worked for eradicating infection (e.g. antibiotic-resistant bacteria) or for treating chronic pain (e.g. opioid addiction)?
Tackling physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle: Two distinct approaches
Authors: Dionne Isabelle J
Published: April 2024

Tackling physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle: Two distinct approaches

Being physically inactive and sedentary are two distinct issues that affect older adults. However, each problem necessitates a unique set of solutions; Professor Isabelle J. Dionne from the Université de Sherbrooke tells us more. Sedentary behavior and the inability to attain physical activity recommendations are two different concepts, largely confounded. In turn, there is a misconception of their respective impact on healthy aging and how they can be counteracted. As a result, physical activity and clinical guidelines may miss the target.
Investigating lung cancer using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMS)
Authors: Murphy Daniel J
Published: April 2024

Investigating lung cancer using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMS)

Daniel J. Murphy, Professor of Lung Cancer & Mesothelioma at the University of Glasgow, School of Cancer Sciences, discusses opportunities for improving cancer research and care through the use of genetically engineered mouse models. Despite changes in smoking habits, cancers of the lung remain the most lethal types of cancer in the UK and worldwide. In the UK, lung cancer accounts for over 20% of all deaths from cancer, claiming almost 35,000 victims annually (2017-2019 CRUK Lung Cancer Statistics). Until very recently, the vast majority of lung cancers were diagnosed at a late stage – meaning the cancers were very well established and at their most aggressive. Few of these cases respond effectively to treatment; when they do, responses are often short-lived.
Permafrost grown: The heterogeneity of permafrost conditions
Authors: Ward Jones Melissa
Published: April 2024

Permafrost grown: The heterogeneity of permafrost conditions

Melissa Ward Jones, from the University of Alaska Fairbanks, explains the heterogeneity of permafrost conditions and how it can impact agriculture. One farmer describes clearing land and letting it thaw before cultivation to increase the soil’s temperature; another describes needing to allow the field to dry out after land clearing, as it is too wet to access and cultivate for a few seasons. The third describes land sinking and waterlogging that developed in a portion of their field a few years after clearing. Each farmer is describing a response to thawing permafrost.
The future of sustainable electrified catalyst recycling
Authors: Dominguez Benetton Xochitl
Published: April 2024

The future of sustainable electrified catalyst recycling

Xochitl Dominguez Benetton, Senior Scientist & Project Coordinator at the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) and the FIREFLY consortium, explore competitiveness and sovereignty through sustainable electrified catalyst recycling. In the heart of today’s industrialised economies, the chemical industry stands as a cornerstone, particularly in the European Union (EU), where it ranks as the second largest globally, boasting sales of over €500 billion – a 38% increase since 2000. The path to maintaining this industry’s vitality lies in sustainable practices: optimising energy use, reducing hazardous emissions, and increasing recycled material use. Catalysts are the silent heroes of this industry, with 90% of chemical processes depending on them. Essentially, without catalysts, the chemical industry’s backbone would crumble. They are crucial for more efficient reactions, reducing energy use and emissions, and thereby fostering a cleaner, more sustainable economy. Yet, the reliance on metals, often categorised as critical raw materials due to high economic value and supply risks, underscores a vulnerability in sovereignty and competitiveness, mainly when sourced from geopolitically unstable regions.
Vaccine non-responders and severe adverse events
Authors: Klaus Eyer
Published: April 2024

Vaccine non-responders and severe adverse events

Eyer Klaus, an Associate Professor at Aarhus University’s Department of Biomedicine, explores the causes, impact, and potential resolutions of vaccine non-responsiveness and severe side effects. Vaccination has had a tremendous net positive effect on individual and public health and remains a crucial and cost-effective preventive pharmaceutical intervention. While most vaccine recipients develop protective immunity, some individuals do not, and rare severe side effects may occur. Both occurrences represent key problems in vaccination, not only at the individual level but also beyond. This discourse delves into the complexities surrounding these issues and highlights interconnected challenges alongside prospective resolutions from a basic researcher’s perspective.
The future of dentistry: Exploring the latest advancements in dental imaging
Authors: Zhu Yihua
Published: April 2024

The future of dentistry: Exploring the latest advancements in dental imaging

Advancements in dental imaging over the past two decades have been remarkable, such as cross-polarization OCT; Yihua Zhu and his team at the University of California, San Francisco, have been investigating different diagnostic imaging methods. Yihua Zhu and his team at the University of California have extensively explored innovative imaging techniques, comparing them with conventional methods. Their focus has been on enhancing short wavelength infrared (SWIR) technologies, developing a dual probe for investigating dental cavities, and, more recently, introducing a novel SWIR multispectral transillumination and reflective imaging method. This research signifies a significant leap in providing a highly sensitive and efficient approach to visualizing dental cavities, tracking tooth decay progression, and assessing prevalent dental issues.
Navigating health autonomy through self-care
Authors: El-Osta Austen
Published: April 2024

Navigating health autonomy through self-care

Interest in self-care has exploded in recent years, highlighting its crucial role in shaping future healthcare systems. Imperial SCARU’s Dr Austen El-Osta discusses emerging trends, research priorities and self-care policy landscapes, advocating for a global movement towrds accessible and empowered health management. The last decade has witnessed a paradigm shift in healthcare, with self-care emerging as a key component in managing health and wellbeing. The collective insights from the World Health Organization (WHO), Imperial College London Self-Care Academic Research Unit (SCARU) and the recent São Paulo Declaration highlight a global movement towards integrating self-care into the fabric of healthcare systems.
Engineered endosymbionts as novel cancer therapeutics
Authors: Kulkarni Satyajit Hari , Contag Christopher H
Published: April 2024

Engineered endosymbionts as novel cancer therapeutics

Satyajit Hari Kulkarni and Christopher H. Contag from the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering focus on engineered endosymbionts, which they argue is a paradigm shift in anticancer bacteriotherapy toward killing tumors from the inside out. Cancer is a genetic disease that can be initiated and/or exacerbated by environmental factors leading to metabolic changes in cells that result in uncontrolled growth. Key genetic changes in cancer cells include altered expression of cancer-promoting genes (oncogenes) or tumor suppressor genes. These genes encode proteins that promote cellular proliferation by interacting with DNA (transcription factors), nuclear proteins that control cell division at the level of the cell cycle, or proteins that prolong cell survival by avoiding programmed cell death (apoptosis).
Violent extremism: The journey in and the pathway out
Authors: Bøås Morten
Published: April 2024

Violent extremism: The journey in and the pathway out

Understanding and addressing violent extremism goes beyond just ideology. Morten Bøås of the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs suggests that looking at the underlying reasons and addressing its root cause might be crucial to finding solutions. Defining violent extremism is like grabbing slippery soap. Most of us have ideas about what violent extremism is, what type of acts of violence qualify, and what kinds of ideologies and belief systems that we would say promote it. The challenge, however, is that the definition of violent extremism is almost exclusively subjective. What one person deems as violent extremism may be perfectly justifiable for another.
Innovative climate research for guiding policy-making
Authors: Koundouri Phoebe
Published: April 2024

Innovative climate research for guiding policy-making

Professor Phoebe Koundouri leads AE4RIA and UN SDSN Global Climate Hub, participating in innovative climate research impact projects. In the face of the climate crisis, a challenge that intertwines ecological balance with socio-economic stability, initiatives like the Alliance of Excellence for Research and Innovation on Aephoria (AE4RIA) and the UN SDSN Global Climate Hub (GCH) are instrumental. These organizations foster innovative research and actionable solutions to navigate the complexities of climate change and drive global efforts towards a sustainable and resilient future, and co-ordinate a science-based, holistic response to the climate crisis, supporting not only environmental integrity but also socio-economic resilience. As we navigate the complexities of a warming planet, initiatives like AE4RIA and GCH are crucial, harnessing collaborative expertise to drive the global agenda towards a sustainable and equitable future for all.
Enhance expertise in European research infrastructures
Authors: Lavitrano Marialuisa
Published: April 2024

Enhance expertise in European research infrastructures

Marialuisa Lavitrano, Full Professor at University Milano Bicocca, explores the need for a European School for the Management of Research Infrastructure to enhance expertise in European research infrastructure management. European Research Infrastructures (RI) are complex organisations that offer the research communities access to cutting-edge resources, data, and services to conduct research and foster innovation in their fields. RIs include major scientific equipment (or sets of instruments), knowledge-based resources such as collections, archives, and scientific data, e-infrastructures, such as data and computing systems and communication networks, and other tools and services essential to achieving excellence in research and innovation. RI span the whole spectrum of knowledge from social sciences to astrophysics, including environmental sciences and large-scale infrastructures.
Unlocking the power of energy efficiency: A multi-benefit approach with the referee tool
Authors: Faberi Stefano , Kerneïs Klervi
Published: April 2024

Unlocking the power of energy efficiency: A multi-benefit approach with the referee tool

Energy efficiency is a cornerstone of the European Green Deal and the European Union’s (EU) pathway toward carbon neutrality. With implementation efforts underway across the Continent, the Referee tool stands ready to support decision-makers and stakeholders in their energy efficiency planning, embracing a multi-benefits approach. Energy efficiency has long been championed as a vital tool in the fight against climate change. According to the 2022 IPCC report, energy efficiency in the industrial, ground transportation, and building sectors is the best way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For instance, significant energy efficiency improvements in the building sector (e.g. more energy-efficient heating systems, better insulation) could reduce the energy demand of the residential building stock in the EU by 19.4% in 2030 and by 43% in 2050 compared to 2018 levels.
Why greener pharmaceutical manufacturing is vital for the industry and our health
Authors: McElhone Deborah , Cassey Barrie
Published: April 2024

Why greener pharmaceutical manufacturing is vital for the industry and our health

Determined to tackle the carbon footprint of medicine, CPI’s Medicines Manufacturing Innovation Centre is addressing key sustainability issues in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Climate change is the most significant health threat to modern society (1), and the pharmaceutical industry faces sustainability challenges like every other industry. Even though much of the pharmaceutical industry’s output saves and significantly improves the quality of life for billions of people, this cannot come at any cost to the planet. Recently, health agencies, such as the NHS, have set ambitious net zero targets, and as medicine accounts for 25% of NHS carbon emissions, the pharmaceutical industry has a crucial role to play in tackling this threat. (2)
Tuneable phononic crystals and topological acoustics
Authors: Banerjee Sourav
Published: April 2024

Tuneable phononic crystals and topological acoustics

Sourav Banerjee, Professor from the University of South Carolina, navigates the field of tuneable phononic crystals and topological acoustics. Acoustics, an age-old field of study, has recently revealed new physics with new degrees of freedom of wave propagation. These new findings are invaluable for information processing using acoustic modality. Information processing using acoustics is called acoustic computing. Computing Boolean algebra, which has already been demonstrated, could pave the pathways even for quantum computing using acoustics. Not in the very distant future, the recently discovered quantum and topological behavior of acoustics could be an integral part of computing modalities.
Local exposure to asylum seekers promotes a more positive attitude toward ethnic diversity
Authors: Suetens Sigrid
Published: April 2024

Local exposure to asylum seekers promotes a more positive attitude toward ethnic diversity

Sigrid Suetens, Professor from Tilburg University School of Economics and Management, shows that local exposure to asylum seekers promotes a more positive attitude toward ethnic diversity. People who live near a refugee centre tend to develop a more positive attitude toward asylum seekers than those who live further away. They are also less likely to support anti-immigration parties. This is the conclusion of research conducted by economist Sigrid Suetens and her team. The study suggests this positive attitude results from contact between local residents and refugees.