bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ornamental fighting fish is the next model organism for genetic studies
Authors: Yue Gen Hua , Wang Le , Sun Fei , Yang Zituo , Shen Yubang , Meng Zining , Alfiko Yuzer
Published: April 2022

The fighting fish Betta splendens is a freshwater species from Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries. This fish has been domesticated for 1000 years and bred for fighting, various colours, body size and fin types for 600 years. It is one of the most important fish species cultured for the world ornamental fish market. This fish is easy to culture, highly fecund and displays great morphological diversity. Its biology has been studied for over 100 years. Recently, its compact genome and transcriptomes have been sequenced. Genome editing with CRISPR/cas9 has been applied to knock out genes in this fish. Its diverse phenotypes, including colours, colour patterns, fin types, and aggressive behaviour, are complementary to those of other model animals. Therefore, this fish could be the next important model organism for studying phenotypic variation and aggressive behaviour. In this paper, we synthesized knowledge about its aquaculture, biology, genetics, genomic tools, phenotypes and novel insights on phenotypic variation, sex determination and aggression. We hope that the information described in this paper will facilitate genetic studies on phenotypic variations in aquaculture and aggressive behaviour in other species, including humans.
Genomic sequence of the HLA‐A*11:01:54 allele identified by next‐generation sequencing in a transplant donor
Authors: Kumar Prabin , Shah Sandip , Chaudhary Akshay , Thakker Nirali C. , Kumar Harishankar
Published: April 2022

The full‐length sequence of the HLA‐A*11:01:54 allele was identified.
Convalescent plasma for COVID‐19: Donor demographic factors associated high neutralising antibody titres
Authors: Mehew Jennifer , Johnson Rachel , Roberts David , Griffiths Alex , Harvala Heli
Published: April 2022

Background

Convalescent plasma containing high levels of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies has been studied as a possible treatment for COVID‐19. Better understanding of predictors of high antibody levels is needed for improving supply of high‐quality therapeutic plasma.

Aims

We have evaluated demographic and clinical factors associated with the probability of a convalescent plasma donor having high SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibody levels.

Methods

A total of 29,585 convalescent plasma donors employed during the first and second waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic in England were included in this study. All had been tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibodies by EUROimmun ELISA. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to quantify the association of the demographic and clinical factors with high (EUROimmun S/Co>6.0) SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibody level.

Results

Most of the donors were male (23,024; 78%), with white ethnic background (24,598;83%) and had not been tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 (15,266; 52%).Overall, less than 20% of convalescent plasma donors with confirmed or suspected SARS‐CoV‐2 infection harboured high SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody levels (n = 4,978). We found that older male donors who had been hospitalised with COVID‐19 were most likely to harbour high levels of antibodies. White donors were less likely to have high SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody levels than donors with Asian orblack ethnic backgrounds residing in affluent areas likely reflecting ethnic inequality previously associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.

Discussion

In a time of great uncertainty, and predicted new waves associated with newly emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, these results will help us to target future convalescent plasma collections.
A Cognitive View of the Cosmos and the Universal Grammar
Authors: Cassella Antonio
Published: April 2022

This article shows that nature’s nature,[1] the cosmos, and the universal grammar behind all languages agree with the ironic “semeiotic” of the American Charles Sanders Peirce (“/pɜːrs/” IPA[2]). He stressed (Peirce, 1868) the crossing of classical (“yes against no”) with quantum (“yes and no”) computing in two propositions: “There is no griffin” and “A griffin is a winged quadruped.” His logic, confused with American Pragmatism, lies unused. Yet global warming and the massive death of children without proper food and water before the turn of this century can be eluded by seizing Peirce’s “science of irony,” two lost artworks by Leonardo da Vinci, autism, folly, and the circle of complex numbers (“Z”) that enlightens two universes in which matter counters anti-matter. The cosmos, led by infinity in dark energy and zero in dark matter, echoes the union of enemies, freedom after slavery, shame after sinning, and forgiveness for justice.[1] The three attentions/intentions behind my hypothetical “Logos Heuristics” (or “Greek Lambda”) about nature’s nature use the following notation:Our underlined 1st attention (1) goes 99% with the recall (Zaitchik, 1990; Povinelli et al., 1996), finiteness, or classical computing (p = probability = 1) spared in autistics (about 1% of us)—who fancy the truths they see;the 2nd attention (2), the quantum computing (p = 1 and 0) hurt in autistics—or our going with hope in facing doubts, sins, plights, lies, puns, metaphors, problems, infinity, nothingness, and paradoxes—goes in bold; andthe 3rd attention (3), “Z”, or our ironic ability to solve a problem—wronged in schizophrenics (near 1% of us), who see the lies they fancy—combines underlining and bold or is stressed with an irregular Capital.[2] IPA is the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Mechanics-Guided Design of Wearable Network Heaters for Bio-Integrated Applications
Authors: Zhao Zhao , Yin Yafei , Li Yuhang , Song Jizhou
Published: April 2022

Wearable heaters that can retain conformal contact with human skin have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their enormous potential in thermotherapy. Existing strategies for wearable heaters are constrained by fixed configurations or dimensions, which limit their broad utilities in bio-integrated applications requiring heaters of various sizes. Here, we report a mechanics-guided design of wearable network heaters based on the lattice structure with the negative Poisson’s ratio combined with the uniaxial stretch, which allows for the easy realization of heaters with different sizes and relatively uniform heating performance. Theoretical and computational mechanics studies reveal the fundamental aspects of the design and operation of the network heaters. Thermal analyses of the network heaters integrated with human skin are performed to investigate the influences of design parameters on the skin temperature. This study offers an easy route for wearable network heaters and provides design guidelines for their fabrications.
Stability and Robustness Analysis of Quasi-Periodic System Subjected to Uncertain Parametric Excitations and Nonlinear Perturbations
Authors: Subramanian Susheelkumar C. , Redkar Sangram
Published: April 2022

In this work, the asymptotic stability bounds are identified for a class of linear quasi-periodic dynamical systems with stochastic parametric excitations and nonlinear perturbations. The application of a Lyapunov–Perron (L-P) transformation converts the linear part of such systems to a linear time-invariant form. In the past, using the Infante’s approach for linear time-invariant systems, stability theorem and corollary were derived and demonstrated for time periodic systems with variation in stochastic parameters. In this study, the same approach is extended toward linear quasi-periodic with stochastic parameter variations. Furthermore, the Lyapunov’s direct approach is employed to formulate the stability conditions a for quasi-periodic system with nonlinear perturbations. If the nonlinearities satisfy a bounding condition, sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability can be derived for such systems. The applications of stability theorems are demonstrated with practical examples of commutative and noncommutative quasi-periodic systems.
Nondestructive x-ray reflectivity analysis of Al distributions of ultraviolet-cured spin-coated resist films hybridized with trimethylaluminum
Authors: Chiba Kohei , Nakagawa Masaru
Published: April 2022

Ultraviolet (UV)-cured spin-coated resist films of 100 nm and thinner thicknesses made with bisphenol A-based dimethacrylate monomers on silicon substrates were hybridized by multiple-pulsed vapor infiltration of sequential trimethylaluminum (TMA) doses and a final H2O dose. Nondestructive x-ray reflectivity measurements without film shrinkage enabled characterization of the internal layer structures of the UV-cured films unmodified before hybridization and hybridized by TMA infiltration and chemical fixing. It was possible to determine the thickness, density, and interface roughness of each layer in the unmodified and hybridized UV-cured films. The TMA infiltration and chemical fixing resulted in the formation of the highest-density Al-rich layer near the film surface. The presence of the highest-density layer arising from the most abundant component, Al, was confirmed through energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The increase in the cycle number of TMA dose from 100 to 150 and 200 cycles had little effect on organic–inorganic hybridization of the 100 nm-thick UV-cured films. The thickness of the outermost Al-rich layer near the film surface was approximately 30 nm, which was unchanged when the film thicknesses of 100, 75, and 50 nm were changed. The outermost skin layer suppressed the infiltration of TMA into the UV-cured films. The infiltration of TMA into the UV-cured films progressed as the film thicknesses decreased.
Antimicrobial Resistance among Leprosy Patients in Brazil: Real-World Data Based on the National Surveillance Plan
Authors: Andrade Elaine Silva Nascimento , Brandão Jurema Guerrieri , Silva Juliana Souza da , Coriolano Carmelita Ribeiro Filha , Rosa Patricia Sammarco , Moraes Milton Ozório , Ferreira Cynthia de Oliveira , Gomes Ciro Martins , Araújo Wildo Navegantes de
Published: April 2022

Brazil ranks second among countries for new cases and first for relapse cases of leprosy worldwide. The
Mycobacterium leprae
Resistance Surveillance Plan was established.
Elevated Levels of Three Reactive Oxygen Species and Fe(II) in the Antibiotic-Surviving Population of Mycobacteria Facilitate
De Novo
Emergence of Genetic Resisters to Antibiotics
Authors: Paul Avraneel , Nair Rashmi Ravindran , Jakkala Kishor , Pradhan Atul , Ajitkumar Parthasarathi
Published: April 2022

We had earlier reported the
de novo
emergence of genetic resisters of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
and
Mycobacterium smegmatis
to rifampicin and moxifloxacin from the antibiotic-surviving population containing elevated levels of the non-DNA-specific mutagenic reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydroxyl radical. Since hydroxyl radical is generated by Fenton reaction between Fe(II) and H
2
O
2
, which is produced by superoxide dismutation, we here report significantly elevated levels of these three ROS and Fe(II) in the
M. smegmatis
rifampicin-surviving population.
Prevalence of an Insect-Associated Genomic Region in Environmentally Acquired
Burkholderiaceae
Symbionts
Authors: Stillson Patrick T. , Baltrus David A. , Ravenscraft Alison
Published: April 2022

Many plants and animals form intricate associations with bacteria. These pairings can be mediated by genomic islands, contiguous regions containing numerous genes with cohesive functionality.
Chlamydia psittaci Induces Autophagy in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells via PERK and IRE1α, but Not ATF6 Pathway
Authors: Chen Li , Huang Qiaoling , Bai Qinqin , Tong Ting , Zhou You , Li Zhongyu , Xiao Cui , Chen Lili
Published: April 2022

Chlamydia psittaci
is an important pathogen that causes chronic and atypical pneumonia in humans. Autophagy and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are important mechanisms for regulating the growth of infectious parasitic pathogens in living cells.
Functional Characterization of Non-Ankyrin Repeat Domains of Orientia tsutsugamushi Ank Effectors Reveals Their Importance for Molecular Pathogenesis
Authors: Gupta Sarika , Hunt Jason R. , Adcox Haley E. , Andersen Shelby E. , Gumpf Jacob J. , Green Ryan S. , Beyer Andrea R. , Evans Sean M. , VieBrock Lauren , Read Curtis B. , Weber Mary M. , Carlyon Jason A.
Published: April 2022

Orientia tsutsugamushi
is a genetically intractable obligate intracellular bacterium, causes scrub typhus, and has one of the largest known armamentariums of ankyrin repeat-containing effectors (Anks). Most have a C-terminal F-box presumed to interact with the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex primarily based on their ability to bind overexpressed Skp1.
A Novel Heptasegmented Positive-Sense Single-Stranded RNA Virus from the Phytopathogenic Fungus
Colletotrichum fructicola
Authors: Fu Min , Zhang Hui , Yin Mengxue , Han Zhenhao , Bai Qing , Peng Yuhong , Shafik Karim , Zhai Lifeng , Hong Ni , Xu Wenxing , Wang Guoping , Kotta-Loizou Ioly
Published: April 2022

A scenario proposing that dsRNA viruses evolved from +ssRNA viruses is still considered controversial due to intergroup knowledge gaps in virus diversity. Recently, polymycoviruses and hadakaviruses were found as intermediate dsRNA and +ssRNA stages, respectively, between +ssRNA and dsRNA viruses.
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection Disrupts the Nasal Endothelial Barrier To Favor Viral Dissemination
Authors: Li Jianda , Li Yuchen , Liu Peng , Wang Xiuyu , Ma Yichao , Zhong Qiu , Yang Qian
Published: April 2022

The endothelial barrier is the last but vital defense against systemic viral transmission. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause severe atrophic enteritis and acute viremia.
Major Role for Cellular MicroRNAs, Long Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and the Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BART lncRNA during Tumor Growth
In Vivo
Authors: Edwards Rachel Hood , Raab-Traub Nancy
Published: April 2022

This study identified the total effects of EBV and a viral long noncoding RNA (BART lncRNA) on cellular RNA expression when grown as cells in culture and when grown as tumors in immunodeficient mice. The effects on cellular mRNA expression, lncRNA expression, and cellular and viral miR expression were determined using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics functional analysis.
Plasma CD16+Extracellular Vesicles Associate with Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in HIV+Adults on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Marques de Menezes Erika G. , Deng Xutao , Liu Jocelyn , Bowler Scott A. , Shikuma Cecilia M. , Stone Mars , Hunt Peter W. , Ndhlovu Lishomwa C. , Norris Philip J.
Published: April 2022

HIV-infected individuals have a 2-fold-increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared with the general population, yet the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity are unclear. Extracellular vesicles have emerged as important mediators in cell-cell communication and, given what we know of their biology, may drive inflammation contributing to cardiovascular disease in this vulnerable population.
Caspofungin Cerebral Penetration and Therapeutic Efficacy in Experimental Cerebral Aspergillosis
Authors: Ullmann Irina , Aregger Andrea , Leib Stephen L. , Zimmerli Stefan
Published: April 2022

Treatment options for cerebral aspergillosis, an often-lethal disease, are limited. The echinocandins (caspofungin is one of them) are not recommended treatment because their brain tissue penetration is often considered insufficient.
Two-stage exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust: Insight from zircon, titanite, and apatite petrochronology, Sulu belt of eastern China
Authors: Wang Songjie , Brown Michael , Wang Lu , Johnson Tim E. , Olierook Hugo K.H. , Kirkland Christopher L. , Kylander-Clark Andrew , Evans Noreen J. , McDonald Bradley J.
Published: April 2022

The rates and mechanisms by which deeply subducted continental crust was exhumed back to the surface are not well understood, but can be better characterized using multimineral petrochronology. Here, we combine zircon, titanite, and apatite U-Pb ages from leucogranite and phengite gneiss with a pressure–temperature (P–T) path from eclogite to provide robust quantitative constraints on cooling and exhumation of the Sulu belt, a large ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic terrane in eastern China. The leucogranite, which formed during exhumation, is enriched in light rare earth elements (REE) relative to heavy REE and in large ion lithophile elements relative to high field strength elements, similar to hydrous crustal melts. Whole-rock Sr-Nd isotope compositions indicate that the leucogranite was not directly derived from the host phengite gneiss, but was more likely sourced from deeper in the exhuming crust. For the gneiss, mantles on inherited zircon yield an age of 230 ± 2 Ma and a temperature of 802 ± 36 °C based on a minimum pressure of 2.9 GPa, which records the minimum timing and P–T of initial decompression. Overgrowths on inherited zircon from the leucogranite constrain crystallization to 224 ± 1 Ma, coeval with the growth of zircon rims in the gneiss, at a temperature of 764 ± 42 °C and a pressure within the quartzeclogite facies. Titanite and apatite define single populations with lower concordia intercept ages of 222 ± 3 Ma and 198 ± 7 Ma, at temperatures of 720 ± 30 °C and ∼450 ± 100 °C, respectively, recording the timing of passage through the quartz-eclogite to the amphibolite facies and then the transition to the upper greenschist facies. Although the data yield a nearly constant cooling rate of 10.9−3.6+4.5 °C/m.y., exhumation was completed in two stages. The first stage from coesiteeclogite facies to ∼1.2 GPa, corresponding to the depth of the Moho, occurred at a rate of 7.5−2.6+5.8 km/m.y. Thereafter, exhumation into the mid-crust occurred at a much slower rate of 0.87−0.71+0.86 km/m.y. The first stage of faster exhumation was accompanied by migration of leucogranite melt along foliation in the gneiss, which would have decreased the average density and weakened the crust, enhancing the rate of return flow.
Periodic Approximation of the Rotational Motion of the Photon-12 Satellite
Authors: Bulanov D. M. , Sazonov V. V.
Published: April 2022

The results of repeated processing of magnetic measurements carried out on the Photon-12 satellite (which was in orbit from September 9 to 24, 1999) are described. The processing was performed in order to reconstruct the uncontrolled rotational motion of this satellite. In re-processing, the simplified mathematical model of rotational motion was used. The actual orbit of a satellite (the apogee height is 380 km, the perigee height is 220 km) is replaced by a circular orbit; the expression for the aerodynamic moment acting on a satellite is simplified. The system of differential equations underlying the new model is autonomous and proved to be sufficiently accurate to reconstruct the satellite motion based on magnetic measurements in the case in which the satellite angular velocity was not very low and grew gradually. In the last third of the flight, when the satellite motion became virtually stable and had a sufficiently high angular velocity, this system could be reduced to a generalized-conservative system. Such a reduction makes more definite the set of its solutions suitable for approximate description of the actual motion of a satellite. In some segments of motion, the combining of which covers about 3 days, it was possible to use, for this purpose, the periodic solutions continued from the Lyapunov periodic solutions.
Indicators for implementation outcome monitoring of reporting and learning systems in hospitals: an underestimated need for patient safety
Authors: Kuske Silke , Willmeroth Tabea , Schneider Jörg , Belibasakis Sandra , Roes Martina , Borgmann Sandra Olivia , Cartes Febrero Maria Ines
Published: April 2022

Objective

We aimed to investigate the perception of the implementation success of reporting and learning systems in German hospitals, the perceived relevance of the implementation outcomes and whether and how these implementation outcomes are monitored. An reporting and learning system is a tool used worldwide for patient safety that identifies and analyses critical events, errors, risks and near misses in healthcare.

Methods

A pretested exploratory cross-sectional online survey was conducted with reporting and learning system experts from 51 acute care hospitals. For communicative validation, the results were discussed in person in an expert panel discussion (N=23).

Results

Fifty-three per cent (n=27) of the participants (N=51) of the online survey perceived that their reporting and learning system was being comprehensively and successfully implemented. However, no service or patient outcomes were reported to ultimately capture the concept of implementation success. Most of the participants reported a (high) relevance of the implementation outcomes’ acceptability and sustainability. In total, 44 measures were provided to monitor implementation outcomes. However, most of the quantitative measures were based on the (relative) number of entered reports. Qualitative measures were reported in relation to the ‘quality of the report’. In general, the measures were poorly specified.

Conclusion

There is an underestimated need to develop validated ‘implementation patient safety indicator(s) (sets)’ to monitor implementation outcomes of reporting and learning systems. We also identified a potential need to facilitate awareness of the concept of implementation success and its relevance for patient safety. Drafts of indicators that could be used as a starting point for the further development of ‘implementation patient safety indicators’ were provided.
Patient portal access for caregivers of adult and geriatric patients: reframing the ethics of digital patient communication
Authors: Ganta Teja , Appel Jacob M , Genes Nicholas
Published: April 2022

Patient portals are poised to transform health communication by empowering patients with rapid access to their own health data. The 21st Century Cures Act is a US federal law that, among other provisions, prevents health entities from engaging in practices that disrupt the exchange of electronic health information—a measure that may increase the usage of patient health portals. Caregiver access to patient portals, however, may lead to breaches in patient privacy and confidentiality if not managed properly through proxy accounts. We present an ethical framework that guides policy and clinical workflow development for healthcare institutions to support the best use of patient portals. Caregivers are vital members of the care team and should be supported through novel forms of health information technology (IT). Patients, however, may not want all information to be shared with their proxies so healthcare institutions must support the development and use of separate proxy accounts as opposed to using the patient’s own account as well provide controls for limiting the scope of information displayed in the proxy accounts. Lastly, as socioeconomic barriers to adoption of health IT persist, healthcare providers must work to ensure multiple streams of patient communication, to prevent further propagating health inequities.
Decomposition differences between snags and logs in forests of Kenai Peninsula, Alaska
Authors: Yatskov Mikhail A. , Harmon Mark E. , Fasth Becky , Sexton Jay , Hoyman Toni L. , Dudoit Chana M.
Published: April 2022

Rising temperatures could increase forest ecosystem disturbance frequency and severity, transferring large amounts of live biomass to coarse woody debris (CWD) pools that emit carbon (C). The type of disturbance-created CWD influences the rate, amount, and duration of this C emission. We studied the effect of a large-scale disturbance on CWD dynamics in spruce-dominated forests of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, by determining CWD decomposition rate constants (k) using the chronosequence and decomposition-vectors methods and by modeling the hypothetical CWD dynamics occurring after a bark beetle outbreak versus a windthrow. Chronosequence-based k’s for mass ranged between 0.020 and 0.022 year−1 for logs and between 0.000 and 0.003 year−1 for snags. Decomposition-vectors-based k’s for log mass ranged between 0.022 and 0.045 year−1 among three decomposition phases and between 0.014 and 0.048 year−1 among five decay classes. Our analysis showed that snag-generating disturbances delayed C flux from CWD to the atmosphere, produced a smaller magnitude of C flux, and had the potential to store 10% to 66% more C in the system over time than disturbances generating logs. Thus, landscapes affected by disturbances creating snags (versus logs) may revert faster to C neutrality, suggesting forest management practices should reflect these differences.
Submodular Maximization Subject to a Knapsack Constraint Under Noise Models
Authors: Ha Dung T. K. , Pham Canh V. , Hoang Huan X.
Published: April 2022

The field of Submodular Maximization subject to a Knapsack constraint has recently expanded to a variety of application domains, which is facing some challenges such as data explosions or additional conditions. There exist plenty of objective functions that cannot be evaluated exactly in many real cases unless they are estimated with errors. It leads to solving the problem under noise models. Somewhat surprisingly, Submodular Maximization subject to a Knapsack constraint under Noise models ([Formula: see text]) has never been discussed a lot before. Hence, in this paper, we consider the problem with two kinds of noise models which are addition and multiplication. Inspired by the traditional Greedy algorithm, we first propose a Greedy algorithm under Noises with provable theoretical bounds. In order to find the solution when input data are extremely large, we then devise an efficient streaming algorithm that scans only a single pass over the data and guarantees theoretical approximations. Finally, we conduct some experiments on Influence Maximization problem under knapsack constraint, an instance of [Formula: see text] to show the performances of the proposed algorithms.
Thermodynamic analysis of electroosmosis regulated peristaltic motion of Fe3O4–Cu/H2O hybrid nanofluid
Authors: Abbasi F. M. , Zahid U. M. , Akbar Y. , Saba  , Hamida M. B. B.
Published: April 2022

This study aims to investigate the thermodynamic analysis for electroosmotic flow of [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] hybrid nanofluid in the presence of peristaltic propulsion. Hybrid nanofluid is an aqueous solution of copper and iron oxide nanoparticles. Effects of electric field, Ohmic heating, magnetic field, viscous dissipation, heat sink/source and mixed convection are also considered. The Debye–Hückel and lubrication approach has been adopted to perform mathematical modeling. The resulting differential equations are numerically solved by employing the Shooting method. Analysis has been presented for irreversibility rate and heat transfer for the flow of hybrid nanoliquid. Results reveal that the addition of nanoparticles reduces the temperature and entropy generation of hybrid nanoliquid. Heat transfer rate enhances by improving Joule heating and electroosmotic parameters. An increase in Helmholtz–Smoluchowski velocity and Hartmann number decrease the velocity of fluid. Thermal performance of hybrid nanofluid ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]) is more noticeable in comparison with conventional mono nanofluid ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]) and base fluid ([Formula: see text]).
Study on the bandgap and wave propagation characteristics of tetrachiral and star-shaped hybrid metamaterial
Authors: Xin Ya-Jun , Wang Han , Ding Qian , Yan Qun , Sun Yong-Tao , Cheng Shu-Liang , Wang Liang
Published: April 2022

In this paper, an innovative tetrachiral and star-shaped hybrid metamaterial (TSHM) composed of periodic assembly of single-phase lightweight materials is proposed. Based on the finite element method, the band structure of TSHM and the correlation between the bandgaps and geometric parameters are investigated. In addition, the visualization mode provided by the finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 is used to explore the formation mechanism of the bandgaps. Furthermore, by drawing iso-frequency contours and group velocities, the directionality of elastic wave propagation in TSHM and the anisotropic behavior of metastructure are intuitively expressed. Finally, the wave regulation effect of the two-dimensional (2D) sandwich panel formed by the TSHM core is studied and the frequency response functions (FRFs) are plotted, which is another way to characterize the bandgap properties. Our research shows that the proposed periodic metamaterial has excellent wave attenuation performance in multiple frequency ranges, which will provide a valuable reference for vibration and noise reduction projects.
Modified AKNS model, Riccati-type pseudo-potential approach and infinite towers of quasi-conservation laws
Authors: Blas H. , Cerna Maguiña M. , dos Santos L. F.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a dual Riccati-type pseudo-potential formulation is introduced for a modified AKNS system (MAKNS) and infinite towers of novel anomalous conservation laws are uncovered. In addition, infinite towers of exact nonlocal conservation laws are uncovered in a linear formulation of the system. It is shown that certain modifications of the nonlinear Schrödinger model (MNLS) can be obtained through a reduction process starting from the MAKNS model. So, the novel infinite sets of quasi-conservation laws and related anomalous charges are constructed by an unified and rigorous approach based on the Riccati-type pseudo-potential method, for the standard NLS and modified MNLS cases, respectively. The nonlocal properties, the complete list of towers of infinite number of anomalous charges and the (nonlocal) exact conservation laws of the quasi-integrable systems, such as the deformed Bullough–Dodd, Toda, KdV and SUSY sine-Gordon systems, can be studied in the framework presented in this paper. Our results may find many applications since the AKNS-type system arises in several branches of nonlinear physics such as Bose–Einstein condensation, superconductivity and soliton turbulence.
Phonon-assisted phase separation in strongly correlated systems
Authors: Sherman A.
Published: April 2022

We relate the phase separation observed in many crystals with pronounced electron correlations to the regions of negative electron compressibility (NEC). They were found in several models describing strong electron correlations. At low temperatures, these regions arise near chemical potentials corresponding to the change of the ground state in the site Hamiltonian. The NEC leads to the separation of the system into electron-rich and electron-poor domains. The energy released in the course of this separation is absorbed by phonons. Another role of phonons is to give a definite form — stripes or checkerboards — to lattice distortions and domains of different electron concentrations. The shape, direction and periodicity of such textures are determined by wavevectors of lattice distortions, which most strongly scatter electrons.
Two-mode squeezed state generation using the Bohm potential
Authors: Moya-Cessa Héctor M. , Asenjo Felipe A. , Hojman Sergio A. , Soto-Eguibar Francisco
Published: April 2022

We show that two-mode squeezed vacuum-like states may be engineered in the Bohm–Madelung formalism by adequately choosing the phase of the wave function. The difference between our wave function and the one of the squeezed vacuum states is given precisely by the phase we selected. We would like to stress that the engineering of two-mode vacuum states is possible due to the existence of the Bohm potential, and it is relevant because of its potential use in the propagation of optical fields, where it may render a variety of applications in optics. The approach to generate non-classical states, namely, two-mode squeezed states of a quantum mechanical system is one of the first applications of the Madelung–Bohm formalism.
Chemotaxis and cross-diffusion models in complex environments: Models and analytic problems toward a multiscale vision
Authors: Bellomo N. , Outada N. , Soler J. , Tao Y. , Winkler M.
Published: April 2022

This paper proposes a review focused on exotic chemotaxis and cross-diffusion models in complex environments. The term exotic is used to denote the dynamics of models interacting with a time-evolving external system and, specifically, models derived with the aim of describing the dynamics of living systems. The presentation first, considers the derivation of phenomenological models of chemotaxis and cross-diffusion models with particular attention on nonlinear characteristics. Then, a variety of exotic models is presented with some hints toward the derivation of new models, by accounting for a critical analysis looking ahead to perspectives. The second part of the paper is devoted to a survey of analytical problems concerning the application of models to the study of real world dynamics. Finally, the focus shifts to research perspectives within the framework of a multiscale vision, where different paths are examined to move from the dynamics at the microscopic scale to collective behaviors at the macroscopic scale.
Micromagnetics of thin films in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction
Authors: Davoli Elisa , Di Fratta Giovanni , Praetorius Dirk , Ruggeri Michele
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we study the thin-film limit of the micromagnetic energy functional in the presence of bulk Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI). Our analysis includes both a stationary [Formula: see text]-convergence result for the micromagnetic energy, as well as the identification of the asymptotic behavior of the associated Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation. In particular, we prove that, in the limiting model, part of the DMI term behaves like the projection of the magnetic moment onto the normal to the film, contributing this way to an increase in the shape anisotropy arising from the magnetostatic self-energy. Finally, we discuss a convergent finite element approach for the approximation of the time-dependent case and use it to numerically compare the original three-dimensional (3D) model with the 2D thin-film limit.
On long knots in the full torus
Authors: Kim Sera , Kim Seongjeong , Manturov Vassily O.
Published: April 2022

The aim of this paper is to realize the techniques of picture-valued invariants and invariants valued in free groups for long knots in the full torus. Such knots and links are of particular interest because of their relation to Legendrian knots, knotoids, [Formula: see text]-manifolds and many other objects. Invariants constructed in the paper are powerful and easy to compare. This paper is a sequel of [V. O. Manturov, A free-group valued invariant of free knots, preprint (2020), arXiv:2012.15571v2]. Long knots naturally appear in the study of classical knots [T. Fiedler, More [Formula: see text]-cocycles for classical knots, preprint (2020), arXiv:2004.04624; A. Mortier, A Kontsevich integral of order [Formula: see text], preprint (2018), arXiv:1810.05747].
Integration of the geodesic equations via Noether symmetries
Authors: Camci U.
Published: April 2022

Through this paper, I will overview the use of Noether symmetry approach in discussing the integration of geodesic equations for the geodesic Lagrangians of spacetimes. I will also give some examples to reveal the efficiency of Noether symmetry approach by finding the first integrals related for the geodesic Lagrangians of the Gödel-type, Schwarzschild, Reïssner–Nordström and Kerr spacetimes. After obtaining the approximate Noether symmetries of the Schwarzschild, Reïssner–Nordström and Kerr spacetimes, the first integrals associated with each of approximate Noether symmetries have been integrated to find a general solution of geodesic equations in terms of the arc length [Formula: see text].
Single-particle and cluster modes of 13C excited states of 3.09, 8.86 and 9.89MeV
Authors: Urazbekov B. A. , Karakozov B. K. , Burtebayev N. T. , Janseitov D. M. , Nasrulla M. , Alimov D. , Valiolda D. S. , Kazhykenov S. H. , Denikin A. S. , Demyanova A. S. , Danilov A. N. , Starastcin V. A.
Published: April 2022

The elastic and inelastic scatterings of deuterons from [Formula: see text]C are registered in a wide range of angles at the laboratory energy of 14.5[Formula: see text]MeV. Data on the differential cross-sections are treated within both the optical model and coupled-channels method. A new set of optical potential parameters is found. Analyses of the [Formula: see text] nuclear reactions are carried out for the levels of excitation 3.089, 8.86 and 9.87[Formula: see text]MeV. The single particle [Formula: see text], and cluster [Formula: see text] models are applied in calculations of differential cross-sections. The calculations show that the state 3.089[Formula: see text]MeV is populated with the single particle configuration, while the latter bands 8.86[Formula: see text]MeV and 9.87[Formula: see text]MeV mainly have the cluster [Formula: see text] excitation. The major contribution of the Hoyle state of the core [Formula: see text] is not observed, but the cluster [Formula: see text] configuration is ascertained to be the main contributor to the state 8.86[Formula: see text]MeV.
Event-shaped-dependent cumulants in p-Pb collisions at 5.02TeV
Authors: Wei De-Xian , Zhou Li-Juan
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we present a novel event-shaped cumulants (ESC) response approach, based on a multi-phase transport (AMPT) model simulations, to analyze p-Pb collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV. We find that the Pearson coefficients between the subset cumulants of the final harmonics [Formula: see text] and the subset cumulants of initial eccentricity [Formula: see text] in the ESC basis are significantly enhanced. These Pearson coefficients are strongly-dependent on the charged multiplicity, the set number of events (SNE), and only weakly-dependent on the order of the multi-particle cumulants (two-particles, four-particles, and so on). Our results show that the ESC method can suppress the event-by-event fluctuations.
Reliability of DQcube Networks Under the Condition of r-Component
Authors: Liu Wenjun
Published: April 2022

Connectivity is an important measure parameter to evaluate the fault tolerance of networks. With the continuous expansion of networks scale, it is inevitable that the processor fails. Once the processor fails, the information processed by the failed processor will be unreliable, which may cause fatal consequences. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the connectivity and diagnosability of networks. In this paper, we establish that the [Formula: see text]-component connectivity of DQcube is [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we determine that the [Formula: see text]-component diagnosability of DQcube is [Formula: see text] under the PMC model and the MM* model, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Exponential stability of stochastic systems: A pathwise approach
Authors: Duc Luu Hoang
Published: April 2022

We provide a pathwise approach using semigroup technique to study the asymptotic stability for stochastic differential equations which admit a unique equilibrium. The driving noises in consideration are [Formula: see text] — Hölder continuous with [Formula: see text], so that the perturbed systems can be solved using rough path theory, where the rough integrals are interpreted in the Gubinelli sense for controlled rough paths. Our approach suggests an alternative method for stochastic systems with standard Brownian noises, by not using Itô formula but a relaxed isometry property of Itô stochastic integrals.
On a stochastic nonlocal system with discrete diffusion modeling life tables
Authors: Caraballo Tomás , Morillas Francisco , Valero José
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we study a stochastic system of differential equations with nonlocal discrete diffusion. For two types of noises, we study the existence of either positive or probability solutions. Also, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of solutions in the long term, showing that under suitable assumptions they tend to a neighborhood of the unique deterministic fixed point. Finally, we perform numerical simulations and discuss the application of the results to life tables for mortality in Spain.
Associated Fuzzy Probabilities in MADM with Interacting Attributes: Application in Multi-Objective Facility Location Selection Problem
Authors: Kacprzyk Janusz , Sirbiladze Gia , Tsulaia Gvantsa
Published: April 2022

For decreasing service centers’ selection risks in emergency facility location selection, it is crucial to have selected candidate service centers within deeply detailed facility location selection model. To achieve this, a new approach developed in this article involves two stages. In the first stage, the fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) model for evaluation of the selection of candidate service centers is created. For the aggregation of experts’ assessments of candidate service centers (with respect to attributes) aggregation operators’ approach is used. Experts’ assessments are presented in fuzzy terms with semantic form of triangular fuzzy numbers. For the deeply detailed facility location selection modeling and for the intellectual activity of experts in their evaluations, pairwise interactions between attributes of MAGDM model are considered in the construction of the second-order additive triangular fuzzy valued fuzzy measure (TFVFM). The associated triangular fuzzy probability averaging (As-TFPA) aggregation operators’ family is constructed with respect to TFVFM. Analytical properties of the As-TFPA operators are studied. The new operators are certain extensions of the well-known Choquet integral operator. The extensions, in contrast to the Choquet aggregation, consider all possible pair-wise interactions of the attributes by introducing associated fuzzy probabilities of a TFVFM. At the end of the first stage, a candidate service center’s selection index is defined as As-TFPA operator’s aggregation value on experts’ assessments with respect to attributes.

At the second stage, fuzzy multi-objective facility location set covering problem (MOFLSCP) is created for facility location selection optimal planning with new criteria: (1) maximization of candidate service centers selection index and classical two criteria, (2) minimization of the total cost needed to open service centers and (3) minimization of number of agents needed to operate the opened service centers.

For the constructed two-stage methodology a simulation example of emergency service facility location planning for a city is considered. The example gives the Pareto fronts obtained by As-TFPA operators, the Choquet integral-TFCA operator and well-known TOPSIS approach, for optimal selecting candidate sites for the servicing of demand points. The comparative analysis identifies that the differences in the Pareto solutions, obtained by using As-TFPA operators and TFCA operator or TOPSIS aggregation, are also caused by the fact that TFCA operator or TOPSIS approach considers the pair interaction indexes for only one consonant structure of attributes. While new As-TFPA aggregations provide all pairwise interactions for all consonant structures.
Tight wavelet filter banks with prescribed directions
Authors: Hur Youngmi
Published: April 2022

Constructing tight wavelet filter banks with prescribed directions is challenging. This paper presents a systematic method for designing a tight wavelet filter bank, given any prescribed directions. There are two types of wavelet filters in our tight wavelet filter bank. One type is entirely determined by the prescribed information about the directionality and makes the wavelet filter bank directional. The other type helps the wavelet filter bank to be tight. In addition to the flexibility in choosing the directions, our construction method has other useful properties. It works for any multidimension, and it allows the user to have any prescribed number of vanishing moments along the chosen directions. Furthermore, our tight wavelet filter banks have fast algorithms for analysis and synthesis. Concrete examples are given to illustrate our construction method and properties of resulting tight wavelet filter banks.
Multivariate tight wavelet frames with few generators and high vanishing moments
Authors: Hur Youngmi , Lubberts Zachary , Okoudjou Kasso A.
Published: April 2022

Tight wavelet frames (TWFs) are computationally and theoretically attractive, but most existing multivariate constructions have various drawbacks, including low vanishing moments for the wavelets, or a large number of wavelet masks. We further develop existing work combining sums of squares representations with TWF construction, and present a new and general method for constructing such frames. Focusing on the case of box splines, we also demonstrate how the flexibility of our approach can lead to TWFs with high numbers of vanishing moments for all of the wavelet masks, while still having few highpass masks: in fact, we match the best known upper bound on the number of highpass masks for general box spline TWF constructions, while typically achieving much better vanishing moments for all of the wavelet masks, proving a nontrivial lower bound on this quantity.
Geometrical interpretation of the Timoshenko–Ehrenfest theorem
Authors: Ryabov Valeriy
Published: April 2022

In this paper, geometrical interpretation of the Timoshenko–Ehrenfest theorem is given. It is based on a vector-valued version of continuum mechanics, which considers the deformed body as a surface in extended coordinate space. Scalar parameters of the metrics of this hypersurface determine the strain. In the bending beam case, this surface is formed by a twisted cylinder rolled into a cone. Accordingly, three kinds of metric parameters, the stretch ratio, the twist and cone angles responsible for stretching, shear, and bending determine the shape of the elastic curve. The balance equations for generalized forces taking into account shear deformation and rotational bending effects are derived. A new formula for the shear coefficient comes out of the derivation. It is shown that its magnitude 5/6 for quasistatic Timoshenko beam remains fair for the exact form of the cross-section at the free end.
Holographic representation of the unified early and late universe via a viscous dark fluid
Authors: Brevik I. , Timoshkin A. V.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we apply the holographic principle for describing in a unifying way the early and the late-time universe, when the general equation of state contains a bulk viscosity. We use the idea of a generalized cut-off holographic dark energy introduced by Nojiri and Odintsov (2006, 2017), and study the evolution of the universe when the equation of state has two power-law asymptotes. Analytical expressions for the infrared cut-offs in terms of the particle horizon are obtained. The energy conservation laws as derived from the holographic point of view, are given for various forms of the thermodynamic parameters and for various forms of the bulk viscosity. As a result, we obtain a unifying description of the early and the late-time universe in the presence of a viscous holographic fluid.