bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLICAÇÃO SIGNIFICANTE E IMPLICAÇÃO LÓGICA
Authors: Ferreira Rafael dos Reis
Published: October 2022

É nosso objetivo analisar e comparar o conceito de implicação significante proposto por Jean Piaget com os significados da implicação em Lógica. Para isso, apresentamos e analisamos os principais conceitos de implicação em Lógica para, em seguida, mostrarmos como se situa, do ponto de vista lógico, o conceito de implicação significante. Nossa análise comparativa permite-nos concluir que Piaget propõe uma definição extensionalmente mais estrita de implicação, voltada para seus aspectos intencionais, derivada das significações construídas pelo sujeito
A RELEVÂNCIA DE JEAN PIAGET PARA O YOUTUBE: UMA ANÁLISE DAS DIFERENTES FIGURAS ATRIBUÍDAS AO AUTOR E À SUA OBRA
Authors: Martins Taís Oliveira , Eichler Marcelo Leandro
Published: October 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma investigação sobre as figuras atribuídas a Jean Piaget em vídeos do YouTube. Por meio de revisões teóricas, primeiramente se discute o sistema de recomendação do YouTube e sua influência na tomada de decisão dos usuários, seguida de análise de figuras ou imagens atribuídas a Piaget em textos de história da psicologia. Nesse sentido, visando a identificar as figuras atribuídas a Piaget e a abordagem dos principais conceitos da epistemologia genética difundidos nos vídeos do YouTube, uma matriz de análise - construída juntamente com nossos pares - é apresentada. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, mediante uma lista inicial de 50 vídeos recomendados pela plataforma após a busca pelo termo ‘Jean Piaget’, foram selecionados os 20 com maior número de visualizações. Depois de assistir e transcrever os vídeos selecionados, a matriz de análise foi preenchida. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o estudo da obra de Piaget a partir de seus próprios escritos é o único meio para identificar erros conceituais, material de qualidade ruim, produtores de conteúdo não confiáveis e refutar críticas infundadas. Por fim, foi possível reconhecer Piaget como um polímata do Século XX.
Can We Picture Equity? Critically Examining Cross-Cultural Short-Term Project Collaborations
Authors: Sara Clarke-De Reza  , Coppens Andrew D. , Gopal Shakuntala Devi , Honwad Sameer , Niphadkar Madhura , Rangnekar Shraddha
Published: October 2022

This paper explores equity challenges common to short-term cross-cultural research partnerships. We focus on a project-based activity in which U.S. undergraduate students and college faculty taught middle-school students in Goa, India how to make podcasts about complex environmental problems. Project team members conducted a collaborative auto-ethnography focused on questions of power, leadership, collaboration, and equity, and examined exit-interview photo elicitation data to identify the core challenges of ethical and equitable short-term cross-cultural research and programming. Our use of photographs as conversation prompts helped to highlight contradictions and asymmetries along axes of power, cultural imperialism, knower-knowledge, age, race/ethnicity, social class, and gender. We reflect on possibilities for educational research that rejects a “voluntourism” model and moves, if imperfectly, toward more equitable international collaborations.
The Power of Listening: Host Community Members’ Perspectives of a Field Research Education Abroad Program in Costa Rica
Authors: Habashy Noel , Webster Nicole
Published: October 2022

Despite the growing body of literature investigating education abroad programs, there remains very limited empirical research examining the perspectives of local community members who interact with visiting students. The purpose of this qualitative case study is to explore the varying perspectives of residents within a community in Costa Rica that interact with undergraduate students from a US-based field research program. Utilizing a theoretical framework of critical theory, researchers examined the perspectives of community members with varying degrees of power. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 32 local community members, direct observations, and document analysis. Findings from this study include community members’ perceptions of opportunities and challenges of interactions with visiting students, community members’ valuing interactions and relationships with students, and the challenge of the locus of control related to community interactions being held by a study abroad organization. This research illuminates ways to incorporate community perspectives into the design, implementation, and evaluation of education abroad programs.
Abstract in Spanish
A pesar del crecimiento en la literatura de los programas de investigación en el extranjero, la investigación empírica que examina las perspectivas de los miembros de la comunidad local que tienen interacción con los estudiantes extranjeros sigue siendo muy limitada. El propósito de este caso de estudio cualitativo es explorar las diversas perspectivas de los residentes de una comunidad en Costa Rica que interactúan con los estudiantes del programa de investigación de campo. Utilizando como marco teórico la teoría crítica, los investigadores examinaron las perspectivas de diversos miembros de la comunidad, todos según sus diversos grados de poder dentro de la misma. Los datos se recolectaron a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 32 miembros de la comunidad local, observaciones directas y análisis de documentos. Los hallazgos de este estudio incluyen las percepciones de los miembros de la comunidad sobre las oportunidades y los desafíos de las interacciones con los estudiantes visitantes, la valoración de las interacciones y relaciones de los miembros de la comunidad con los estudiantes, y el desafío del grupo de estudio relacionado con las interacciones comunitarias que tienen con una organización de estudios extranjera. Esta investigación ilumina las formas de incorporar las perspectivas de la comunidad en el diseño, la implementación y la evaluación de los programas de educación en el extranjero.
Comparison of intensity markers and cardiorespiratory responses in measuring maximum oxygen consumption between a non-motorised and motorised treadmill protocol
Authors: Storm Jana , Sparks Martinique , Willemse Yolandi
Published: October 2022

The objective was to compare cardiorespiratory parameters between two graded exercise protocols to determine which one is most appropriate for training prescription for male university level distance runners. The graded exercise tests, namely the Adapted Incremental Speed Protocol (AISP), and the Adapted Non-Motorised Incremental Speed Protocol (ANMIP) was used to compare several cardiorespiratory responses, as well as two intensity markers: the ventilatory threshold (VT) and the respiratory compensation point (RCP). The maximal oxygen consumption ( ) value of the ANMIP significantly (p<0.05) exceeded that of the AISP within a significantly (p<0.05) shorter time frame (8:19±0:52 vs. 11:25±1:11min). The percentage of  where VT and RCP were attained, was significantly higher (p<0.05) on the ANMIP (84.11±4.25 vs. 97.16±2.35%) compared to the AISP (75.74±7.84 vs. 93.3±3.86%). Consequently, the ANMIP is perceived substantially more difficult, both physiologically and psychologically. It can therefore be considered an ideal training tool to intensify exercise load with more time efficient training sessions for a distance running population. However, the obtained  results during the ANMIP could overestimate exercise prescriptions and should therefore not be used for these purposes.
Evaluasi Program Sertifikasi Kompetensi Kerja Keahlian OTKP SMK Negeri 45 Jakarta
Authors: Khairunisa Pramesti
Published: October 2022

SMK Negeri 45 Jakarta merupakan salah satu yang telah memiliki Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi Pertama atau LSP – P1 yang dibuktikannya dengan adanya lisensi dari BNSP. Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi Pertama atau LSP, sangatlah penting dalam mengeluarkan Sertifikasi Kompetensi Kerja. Sertifikasi Kompetensi Kerja itulah yang akan mempengaruhi hasil peserta didik kedepannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi program sertifikasi kompetensi kerja KKNI level II pada siswa kompetensi keahlian otomatisasi dan tata Kelola perkantoran. Penelitian ini di laksanakan di SMK Negeri 45 Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan Metode Evaluasi CIPP. Metode CIPP berfokus kepada Context yaitu landasan hukum, visi misi dan tujuan, Input yaitu peserta didik, pendidik, sarana dan prasarana, pembiayaan, kurikulum dan juga asesor, Process yaitu pendaftaran, pra-assessment, dan assessment serta Product meliputi pelaporan hasil. Program ini berdampak positif dalam skill peserta sertifikasi kompetensi kerja di SMK Negeri 45 Jakarta.
Implementing experiential learning logs addressing social accountability into undergraduate medical clerkship education
Authors: Fung Oliver W , Mulholland Alannah , Bondy Madeleine , Driedger Matthew , Kendall Claire E
Published: October 2022

Implication Statement
Medical schools have a responsibility to ensure students meet and advocate for the needs of the community. However, addressing the social determinants of health is not always emphasized in clinical learning objectives. Learning logs are useful tools that can engage students to reflect on clinical encounters and direct students in their learning to target the development of highlighted skills. Despite their efficacy, the use of learning logs in medical education is largely applied towards biomedical knowledge and procedural skills. Thus, students may lack competence to address the psychosocial challenges involved in comprehensive medical care. Social accountability experiential logs were developed for third year medical students at the University of Ottawa to address and intervene on the social determinants of health. Students completed quality improvement surveys and results demonstrated this initiative to be beneficial to their learning and contributed to greater clinical confidence. Experiential logs in clinical training can be adapted across other medical schools and tailored to fit the needs and priorities of each institution’s local communities.
Fine-tuning fertilizer applications in organic cool-season leafy green crops can increase soil quality and yields
Authors: Smith Richard , Cahn Michael , Hartz Tim , Geisseler Daniel , Love Patricia
Published: October 2022

Organic cool-season vegetable growers on the Central Coast face challenges in applying nitrogen (N) to balance yields with new environmental regulations. It is hard to time fertilizer applications while calculating N mineralization of soil organic matter and organic fertilizers to plant-available N. Organic fertilizers with high phosphorus (P) to N ratios may elevate P levels and harm surface water quality. In this study, we evaluated (1) mineralization of soil organic matter and fertilizers, (2) effectiveness of residual soil nitrate-N tests and (3) long-term impacts of organic fertilizers on P levels and soil microbial activity. We found that mineralization of N from soil organic matter provided limited N to leafy green vegetables. Soil tests were more reliable in heavier than sandier soils. Application rates of 4-4-2 were calculated to meet N demands, resulting in an oversupply of P. However, only 9% to 17% of fertilizer P solubilized without elevating available soil P levels. While it's difficult for organic vegetable growers to use cover crops, organic fertilizers increased carbon levels, resulting in higher levels of soil microbial activity.
Las mujeres en una ministerialidad sinodal. Una aproximación feminista
Authors: Martínez Cano Silvia
Published: October 2022

La ministerialidad está enmarcada en el llamamiento a la creación de una nueva mentalidad de Iglesia que procede del concilio Vaticano II. Esta nueva mentalidad pone en el centro de la iglesia la vida de la comunidad frente a “la apropiación de los bienes por parte de algunos” (EG 188). La metodología que se deriva es la de “iniciar procesos más que de poseer espacios” (EG 223) y que llamamos sinodalidad. La sinodalidad implica una participación activa de las mujeres como parte de la presencia del laicado en los procesos de sinodalidad. Sus “reivindicaciones” y “profundas preguntas” (EG 104) pretenden apoyar el proceso sinodal y repensar una ministerialidad más corresponsable. La primera parte del texto pondrá en relación la sinodalidad y la ministerialidad desde una perspectiva feminista. La segunda parte analizará las implicaciones que esto tiene en la catequesis. La institución reciente del ministerio de Catequesis pretende no solo recuperar este ministerio de nuestra tradición sino situarlo como uno de los servicios más importantes para los fieles. La presencia mayoritaria de las mujeres en la catequesis nos hace mirar de forma diferente los procesos de evangelización y misión en los que se inserta la catequesis. Nos preguntamos finalmente si escuchar, dejar hablar, dejar hacer a las mujeres catequistas, podría conducirnos a una riqueza mayor de la acción catequética. Se pretende así visualizar algunas estrategias que intuimos que pueden ayudar a un recorrido sinodal e igualitario en la transformación de los ministerios.
Socioambientalismo: compras públicas como critério para praticar a governança ambiental
Authors: Simon Carla , Curzel Janaine Rodrigues Beckhauser
Published: October 2022

Esta investigação, com base em análise interdisciplinar e multidisciplinar, explora três questões: a primeira é a urgência e necessidade da preservação do meio ambiente diante da crise ambiental causada pelo descuido com elementos essenciais para a manutenção da vida, como a preservação da qualidade da água, do ar e da terra; a segunda diz respeito a uma visão sistêmica da responsabilidade socioambiental do poder público e sua responsividade; e, por fim, a terceira consiste na necessidade de compras com critérios sustentáveis. O artigo tem como objeto principal a análise das compras públicas e o reflexo delas na efetivação da sustentabilidade, bem como o ordenamento normativo e principiológico sobre o tema. A justificativa para a pesquisa é a necessidade de fomentar a adoção do critério da sustentabilidade como decisivo nas atividades desempenhadas por um órgão público. Quanto à metodologia, foi utilizada a base lógica e indutiva.
Justiça Restaurativa e Direitos Humanos em Matéria Penal
Authors: Netto Antonio Evangelista de Souza , Teixeira Alexander Haering Gonçalves , Ferrari Flávia Jeane
Published: October 2022

O presente trabalho propõe-se ao estudo da Justiça Restaurativa como novo modelo de administração dos conflitos em matéria penal, a partir do diálogo com a temática dos Direitos Humanos. Considerando os apontamentos da Teoria Crítica do Direito e da Criminologia crítica, situamos a Justiça Restaurativa junto ao Direito Penal mínimo, a partir da introdução de uma racionalidade ética à racionalidade jurídica. Nessa busca, vemos que o modelo da Justiça Restaurativa, modelo em construção, mostra-se como uma das alternativas que propõem uma crítica ao dogmatismo jurídico e ao sistema punitivo, além de devolver a voz aos atores sociais envolvidos no delito, para que, em conjunto, possam pensar nas medidas do dano e na sua subsequente ressignificação. Trata-se o presente estudo de análise empírico-teórica, com a utilização de metodologia quantitativa.
Imposto Único – Veneno ou Remédio
Authors: Camargo Ricardo Antonio Lucas
Published: October 2022

a recorrente proposta da redução de todos os impostos a um único tem sido uma das ferramentas para obtenção do convencimento das vantagens da instauração de um “Estado Mínimo”. Postergando para um outro momento o debate em torno de este ser ou não o modelo de Estado ideal, examina-se, à luz das técnicas construídas para a amenização do ônus tributário sobre o contribuinte – a tributação observando a capacidade contributiva, a seletividade e a não-cumulatividade – as características de uma exação desta natureza, os possíveis fatos geradores e em que as alegadas vantagens superariam as das aludidas técnicas, empregando-se o método dedutivo.
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics
Authors: McDougall Siné , Reppa Irene , Taylor Jacqui
Published: October 2022

Subjective ratings have been central to the evaluation of icon characteristics. The current study examined biases in ratings in relation to the context in which icons are presented. Context was manipulated between participants, with some groups rating icon sets with limited variability, and others rating icon sets with wide variability. It was predicted that the context created by the icon set would influence participants’ ratings; when the range of icons was limited, this would create bias given participants’ expectation that a full range of icon values was being presented. Six key icon characteristics were rated, which were visual (visual complexity, appeal), affective (valence, feelings), and semantic (concreteness, semantic distance). Some icon characteristics were susceptible to rating bias while others were not. Where subjective judgements were being made of visual icon characteristics (appeal/complexity) and highly concrete icons which were very pictorial, there was clear evidence of substantial bias in ratings. The same susceptibility to bias was not evident when ratings relied solely on learned semantic associations or were associated with the emotional attributions made to icons. The dynamic nature of the ratings bias was demonstrated when the rating context was changed without participants’ knowledge. When participants rated further blocks of icons providing a different range of the to-be-rated characteristic, this resulted in rapid and dramatic changes in rating behaviour. These findings demonstrate the need for representative sampling of icon characteristics to avoid ratings bias. Practically, this is important when determining the usability of newly designed icon sets in order to avoid over-valuing or under-valuing of key characteristics.
1,4,6,10-Tetraazaadamantanes (TAADs) with N-amino groups: synthesis and formation of boron chelates and host–guest complexes
Authors: Semakin Artem N , Golovanov Ivan S , Nelyubina Yulia V , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu
Published: October 2022

A synthetic route to 1,4,6,10-tetraazaadamantanes (TAADs) bearing free and protected amino groups at the bridge N-atoms has been developed via intramolecular cyclotrimerization of C=N units in the corresponding tris(hydrazonoalkyl)amines. In a similar fashion, unsymmetrically substituted TAADs having both amino and hydroxy groups at the bridge N-atoms were prepared via a hitherto unknown co-trimerization of oxime and hydrazone groups. The use of N-TAAD derivatives as potential ligands and receptors was showcased through forming boron chelates and host–guest complexes with water and simple alcohols.
THE FEASIBILITY OF THE INTEGRATION OF WIND POWER PLANTS INTO THE ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
Authors: Davor Bajs  , Goran Majstrović
Published: October 2022

This article presents the results of an analysis performed in order to determine the feasibility of integrating the generation of wind power plants into the electric power system of the Republic of Croatia and their connection to the existing transmission network, for the purpose of providing a basis for the HEP Transmission System Operator (HEP Operator prijenosnog sustava d.o.o.) to establish the upper limits for the construction of wind power plants of 360 MW, which the system is currently capable of integrating.
DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN THE ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY
Authors: Tina Jakaša  , Nidžara Osmanagić Bedenik  , Fivos Iliopoulos
Published: October 2022

Electrical power companies are operating today in a turbulent environment characterized by changes in energy regulatory policies, opening of the electricity markets, competition and a subsequent loss of market share, increased customer demand, increased expectations from stakeholders; price volatility of electricity, fuel and CO2 emissions; difficulties in securing fuel supply routes, difficulties in securing transmission facilities at acceptable prices and other factors. An effective risk management system can permit an enterprise to recognize opportunities and react to change at the right time, i.e. to protect and increase the company value. In this paper, a hypothesis is presented that there is a correlation between the effectiveness of a risk management system and market competitive intensity, MCI. For the purpose of testing this hypothesis, an index has been developed to measure the effectiveness of a risk management system. The results of research conducted on a sample of twenty—one electrical power companies operating both inside and outside the countries of the European Union confirm this hypothesis.
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 17 czerwca 2014 roku (II KK 24/14)
Authors: Galiński Marcin
Published: October 2022

Przedmiotem niniejszej glosy jest wyrok Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 17 czerwca 2014 roku (sygn. II KK 24/14). W głosowanym orzeczeniu Sąd Najwyższy stwierdził, iż w przypadku popełnienia czynu ciągłego przez sprawcę, który części zachowań dopuścił przed ukończeniem 17 roku życia, a części po ukończeniu lat 17, odpowiedzialność karna takiego sprawcy jest ograniczona tylko do części zachowań, które zostały popełnione po ukończeniu przez sprawcę 17 roku życia. W glosie dokonano rozważono trafność przywołano poglądu w szczególności poprzez wykładnię art. 6 § 1, art. 10 § 1 oraz art. 12 § 1 k.k. W niniejszej glosie zaaprobowano pogląd przedstawiony przez Sąd Najwyższy.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN MASKER GEL PEEL OFF EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera L.) DENGAN KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK 5% DAN 10%
Authors: Sulistiorini Indriaty  , Lela Sulastri  , Putri Amalia  , Audhita Santana Salma
Published: October 2022

Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif berupa flavonoid sebagai antibakteri. Maka dari itu dibuat sediaan farmasi  berupa masker gel peel off dari ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 5% dan 10%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dapat dibuat sediaan masker gel peel off yang stabil dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5% dan 10%. Metode yang digunakan untuk pembuatan masker gel peel off yaitu pertama simplisia daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dikeringkan dengan sinar matahari langsung yang ditutupi kain berwarna hitam, kemudian dilakukan proses maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% serta selanjutnya dibuat sediaan masker gel peel off dan diuji dengan cycling test. Hasil pengujian stabilitas sediaan masker gel peel off ekstrak daun kelor uji organoleptis stabil. Hasil pengujian homogenitas pada sediaan masker peel off ekstrak daun kelor homogen karena warna terdispersi merata. Hasil pengujian daya sebar untuk basis berkisar antara 5,26 – 5,37 cm, formula 1 berkisar antara 5,48 – 5,69 cm, dan formula 2 berkisar antara 5,34 – 5,95 cm. Hasil pengujian pH pada basis berkisar antara 6,81 – 6,99, pada formula 1 berkisar antara 6,30 – 6,94, dan pada formula 2 berkisar antara 6,11 – 6,97. Hasil pengujian sediaan waktu mengering, waktu basis mengering lebih lama dikarenakan lebih banyak kandungan air dibandingkan formula 1 dan formula 2. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan stabilitas dengan menggunakan metode cycling test bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5% dan 10% dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan masker gel peel off ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.). Sediaan masker gel peel off stabil dengan parameter uji, yaitu uji organolepis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, dan sediaan waktu mengering.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP MINAT BELI PRODUK KESEHATAN BAGI ORGAN REPRODUKSI WANITA
Authors: Fadli  , Ernawati
Published: October 2022

Kasus kematian akibat kanker serviks dilaporkan sebanyak 257.000 kasus setiap tahunnya. Kanker serviks merupakan penyakit kelamin pada wanita yang sangat berbahaya. Kejadian penyakit kelamin pada wanita ini dapat disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang cara menjaga kesehatan dan kebersihan alat kelamin. Gangguan pada area kewanitaan juga bisa disebabkan oleh penggunaan produk kesehatan yang tidak tepat. Namun meskipun demikian, fakta bahwa kurangnya perhatian terkait hal tersebut masih banyak ditemui di kalangan remaja maupun mahasiswa. Mahasiswa kesehatan khususnya sebagai garda terdepan fasilitas kesehatan masa depan perlu berpartisipasi aktif dalam melacak perkembangan masalah kesehatan saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besar pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswi D3 Farmasi Yarsi Pontianak terhadap minat beli produk kesehatan reproduksi wanita. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen informed consent, kuesioner pengetahuan, kuesioner sikap, dan kuesioner minat beli yang disebar secara online berbentuk google form. Hasil uji regresi linier berganda menunjukkan koefisien determinasi variabel sikap dan pengetahuan sebesar 12.2%. Maka kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah besar pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap adalah 12.2% dan termasuk dalam kategori berpengaruh rendah tapi pasti terhadap minat beli karena berada pada rentang 5% - 16%.
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION SYSTEM FOR SPECIAL CHILDREN’S NEEDS
Authors: Anggeriyanti Wahyuni
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to reveal the teachers’ understanding of basic concepts in inclusive education and the approaches they require to be competent on it. The study is supported by qualitative case study that is considered relevant to the phenomena of the study. The case to be studied is a primary school which proposes an inclusive education for children with educational needs that consists of four students in primary one and two teachers. The data is based on one-by-one interview guidelines, observation and document analysis. The component of findings and discussions consist of classroom management, teaching approach, social interaction and assessment. It can be concluded that the concept of inclusive education is a school program for all students with various background which is interpreting interaction and learning repetitively. Throughout the inclusive education, students with special education have access to enrich academic and social performance. The suggestion of study is for educators that should teach students in collaboration strategy and institution has a reference for future study on similar problem. The conclusion is that inclusive education is one of the options in providing alternative education. It is time for decision-makers apply any kinds of input to present education for all.
A CASE STUDY OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS ON THE DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING ENGLISH
Authors: Wulandari Cahya , Surtikanti Monika Widyastuti , Agung Antonius Setyawan Sugeng Nur
Published: October 2022

Difficulties in Learning English in EFL context are always interesting. Analysing it from the view of external and internal factors is the major interest of this case study. Describing the findings qualitatively is the purpose of this study. The subject in this research was the eleventh graders at SMAN 2 Sengah Temila in Landak Regency. There were 76 students participated in this study. The sources of the data were gathered from the classroom teacher, the students, and the portfolios. Data collection techniques in this research were: open-ended questionnaire, in-depth interview, and observation. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques used interactive analysis.This study finds the internal and the external factors affect the learning difficulties. The indicators on internal factors show (a) health conditions has no significant effect on learning difficulty, (b) the students’ interest and motivation affect the learning difficulty  because no variation on the teaching method bored the students, (c) bad habits in studying evoke the learning difficulties. The indicators on external factors find (a) the teacher has a significant role to expand learning difficulties especially on the use of teaching method and media, (b) the classroom environment has no significant effect in learning difficulties since it is a conservative one.
DEVELOPING LEARNING MATERIAL FOR TEACHING WRITING RECOUNT TEXT USING STAD TECHNIQUE FOR THE TENTH-GRADE STUDENT
Authors: Tama Gerhard Wira , Regina Regina , Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin
Published: October 2022

This study was aimed to develop learning material for teaching writing recount text using STAD technique to the tenth-grade Students. The researcher developed the learning material because there were conditions in the class which do not support the situation in the learning process, The Learning process in writing skill, some students passive in the class so make the students not motivated and the learning process is not going well, and also the material used in the school is not complete enough. The procedure was based on ADDIE but because of the situation in this era (COVID-19), the research was conducted ADD ( Analyze, Design, and Develop). It was conducted through the following analyzing the needs, designing the framework, and Developing the material. The learning material for teaching writing recount text using STAD technique had been validated by the expert: the learning material is appropriate with some revisions. The researcher suggested that further development of learning material for teaching recount text using STAD, for the next developers who conduct the same product to make it more complete (ADDIE) until the Implementation and Evaluation section in the class to make the learning material better
THE USE OF VLOG AS A MEDIA FOR ENHANCING TENTH GRADERS HOSPITALITIES’ SPEAKING SKILL AT SMKN 8 SURABAYA
Authors: Agustin Felza Wiranadya
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the students’ speaking improvement after the implementation of Vlog as a medium in teaching and learning process. The subject of this research were the students at the tenth grade hospitality 1 of SMKN 8 Surabaya in the academic year 2021/2022, which consisted of 35 students. The method in this study was Classroom Action Research that completed within 2 cycles. Each cycles following the four phases in cyclical namely planning, acting, observing and reflecting. However, a different treatment was given in the second cycle for a better result. Based on the data, the students showed significant improvement in their speaking performance after the second cycle conducted. In the first cycle, only a few well engaged to the learning process. When performing their speaking skill, they still makes some pauses and mispronounce words. The scores showed only 60% of students met the minimum standard or KKM.  In the second cycle, through revisions based on the first cycle, the students could speak more fluently and accurately, and it can be seen from 91% of students who can improve their score above the minimum criteria of mastery speaking. In conclusion, Vlog can be an alternative and innovative media to enhance the students’ speaking skill.
Aplicación foliar de nutrientes en café. Efecto en la producción y en la calidad física del grano.
Authors: González-Osorio Hernán
Published: October 2022

El presente Avance Técnico es fruto de los resultados de una investigación llevada a cabo por Salamanca y González (2020), cuyo objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del suministro foliar de nutrientes, aplicados de manera individual y conjunta, como complemento a la fertilización edáfica según el análisis de suelo, en la producción de café y la calidad física del grano.
Chemical Abundances of Eight Highly-extincted Milky Way Planetary Nebulae*
Authors: Manea Catherine , Dinerstein Harriet L. , Sterling N. C. , Zeimann Greg
Published: October 2022

Low- and intermediate-mass (0.8 M
⊙ < M < 8 M
⊙) stars that evolve into planetary nebulae (PNe) play an important role in tracing and driving Galactic chemical evolution. Spectroscopy of PNe enables access to both the initial composition of their progenitor stars and products of their internal nucleosynthesis, but determining accurate ionic and elemental abundances of PNe requires high-quality optical spectra. We obtained new optical spectra of eight highly-extincted PNe with limited optical data in the literature using the Low Resolution Spectrograph 2 on the Hobby–Eberly Telescope. Extinction coefficients, electron temperatures and densities, and ionic and elemental abundances of up to 11 elements (He, N, O, Ne, S, Cl, Ar, K, Fe, Kr, and Xe) are determined for each object in our sample. Where available, astrometric data from Gaia eDR3 is used to kinematically characterize the probability that each object belongs to the Milky Way's thin disk, thick disk, or halo. Four of the PNe show kinematic and chemical signs of thin disk membership, while two may be members of the thick disk. The remaining two targets lack Gaia data, but their solar O, Ar, and Cl abundances suggest thin disk membership. Additionally, we report the detection of broad emission features from the central star of M 3–35. Our results significantly improve the available information on the nebular parameters and chemical compositions of these objects, which can inform future analyses.
A Mildly Relativistic Outflow Launched Two Years after Disruption in Tidal Disruption Event AT2018hyz
Authors: Cendes Y. , Berger E. , Alexander K. D. , Gomez S. , Hajela A. , Chornock R. , Laskar T. , Margutti R. , Metzger B. , Bietenholz M. F. , Brethauer D. , Wieringa M. H.
Published: October 2022

We present late-time radio/millimeter (as well as optical/UV and X-ray) detections of tidal disruption event (TDE) AT2018hyz, spanning 970–1300 d after optical discovery. In conjunction with earlier deeper limits, including those at ≈700 days, our observations reveal rapidly rising emission at 0.8–240 GHz, steeper than F

ν
∝ t
5 relative to the time of optical discovery. Such a steep rise cannot be explained in any reasonable scenario of an outflow launched at the time of disruption (e.g., off-axis jet, sudden increase in the ambient density), and instead points to a delayed launch. Our multifrequency data allow us to directly determine the radius and energy of the radio-emitting outflow, and we find from our modeling that the outflow was launched ≈750 days after optical discovery. The outflow velocity is mildly relativistic, with β ≈ 0.25 and ≈0.6 for a spherical geometry and a 10° jet geometry, respectively, and the minimum kinetic energy is E

K
≈ 5.8 × 1049 and ≈6.3 × 1049 erg, respectively. This is the first definitive evidence for the production of a delayed mildly relativistic outflow in a TDE; a comparison to the recently published radio light curve of ASASSN-15oi suggests that the final rebrightening observed in that event (at a single frequency and time) may be due to a similar outflow with a comparable velocity and energy. Finally, we note that the energy and velocity of the delayed outflow in AT2018hyz are intermediate between those of past nonrelativistic TDEs (e.g., ASASSN-14li, AT2019dsg) and the relativistic TDE Sw J1644+57. We suggest that such delayed outflows may be common in TDEs.
On the Coevolution of the AGN and Star-forming Galaxy Ultraviolet Luminosity Functions at 3 < z < 9
Authors: Finkelstein Steven L. , Bagley Micaela B.
Published: October 2022

Studies of the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) luminosity functions (LFs) typically treat star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) separately. However, modern ground-based surveys now probe volumes large enough to discover AGNs at depths sensitive enough for fainter galaxies, bridging these two populations. Using these observations as constraints, we present a methodology to empirically jointly model the evolution of the rest-UV LFs at z = 3–9. Our critical assumptions are that both populations have LFs well described by double power laws modified to allow for a flattening at the faint-end, and that all LF parameters evolve smoothly with redshift. This methodology provides a good fit to the observations and makes predictions to volume densities not yet observed, finding that the volume density of bright (M
UV = −28) AGNs rises by ∼105 from z = 9 to z = 3, while bright (M
UV = −21) star-forming galaxies rise by only ∼102 across the same epoch. The observed bright-end flattening of the z = 9 LF is unlikely to be due to AGN activity, and rather is due to a shallowing of the bright-end slope, implying a reduction of feedback in bright galaxies at early times. The intrinsic ionizing emissivity is dominated by star-forming galaxies at z > 3, even after applying a notional escape fraction. We find decent agreement between our AGN LFs and predictions based on different black hole seeding models, though all models underpredict the observed abundance of bright AGNs. We show that the wide-area surveys of the upcoming Euclid and Roman observatories should be capable of discovering AGNs to z ∼ 8.
Milky Way's Eccentric Constituents with Gaia, APOGEE, and GALAH
Authors: Myeong G. C. , Belokurov Vasily , Aguado David S. , Evans N. Wyn , Caldwell Nelson , Bradley James
Published: October 2022

We report the results of an unsupervised decomposition of the local stellar halo in the chemodynamical space spanned by the abundance measurements from APOGEE DR17 and GALAH DR3. In our Gaussian mixture model, only four independent components dominate the halo in the solar neighborhood, three previously known, Aurora, Splash, and Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GS/E), and one new, Eos. Only one of these four is of accreted origin, namely, the GS/E, thus supporting the earlier claims that the GS/E is the main progenitor of the Galactic stellar halo. We show that Aurora is entirely consistent with the chemical properties of the so-called Heracles merger. In our analysis in which no predefined chemical selection cuts are applied, Aurora spans a wide range of [Al/Fe] with a metallicity correlation indicative of a fast chemical enrichment in a massive galaxy, the young Milky Way. The new halo component dubbed Eos is classified as in situ given its high mean [Al/Fe]. Eos shows strong evolution as a function of [Fe/H], where it changes from being the closest to GS/E at its lowest [Fe/H] to being indistinguishable from the Galactic low-α population at its highest [Fe/H]. We surmise that at least some of the outer thin disk of the Galaxy started its evolution in the gas polluted by the GS/E, and Eos is evidence of this process.
High-Cadence TESS and Ground-based Data of SN 2019esa, the Less Energetic Sibling of SN 2006gy
∗
Authors: Andrews Jennifer E. , Pearson Jeniveve , Lundquist M. J. , Sand David J. , Jencson Jacob E. , Bostroem K. Azalee , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Valenti S. , Smith Nathan , Amaro R. C. , Dong 董 Yize 宜泽 , Janzen Daryl , Meza Nicolás , Wyatt Samuel , Burke Jamison , Hiramatsu Daichi , Howell D. Andrew , McCully Curtis , Pellegrino Craig
Published: October 2022

We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of the nearby (D ≈ 28 Mpc) interacting supernova (SN) 2019esa, discovered within hours of explosion and serendipitously observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Early, high-cadence light curves from both TESS and the DLT40 survey tightly constrain the time of explosion, and show a 30 day rise to maximum light followed by a near-constant linear decline in luminosity. Optical spectroscopy over the first 40 days revealed a reddened object with narrow Balmer emission lines seen in Type IIn SNe. The slow rise to maximum in the optical light curve combined with the lack of broad Hα emission suggest the presence of very optically thick and close circumstellar material (CSM) that quickly decelerated the SN ejecta. This CSM was likely created from a massive star progenitor with an

M

̇

∼ 0.2 M
☉ yr−1 lost in a previous eruptive episode 3–4 yr before eruption, similar to giant eruptions of luminous blue variable stars. At late times, strong intermediate-width Ca ii, Fe i, and Fe ii lines are seen in the optical spectra, identical to those seen in the superluminous interacting SN 2006gy. The strong CSM interaction masks the underlying explosion mechanism in SN 2019esa, but the combination of the luminosity, strength of the Hα lines, and mass-loss rate of the progenitor seem to be inconsistent with a Type Ia CSM model and instead point to a core-collapse origin.
Dipteran (Bibionomorpha and Tipulomorpha) diversity in dead wood in Lithuania
Authors: Gorban Ina , Podeniene Virginija
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to compile the species list of Bibionomorpha and Tipulomorpha flies associated with dead wood in Lithuania. Saproxylic nematocerans were studied from 2014 to 2020 in four protected areas and in five different tree species(Populus tremula, Quercus robur,Tilia cordata,Fraxinus excelsiorandAlnus glutinosa) of the second stage of decay by using emergence traps. In total, 113 species were identified with Mycetophilidae, Sciaridae and Limoniidae being the most species-rich families. The compiled list of species emerging from dead wood in Lithuania is presented. Fourteen species were reared from dead wood for the first time.
Trophic ecology of Gymnodactylus geckoides Spix, 1825 (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae) from Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Oitaven Leonardo P. C. , Calado Sydnei S. , da Costa Hilton N. , Cruz Glaucilane S. , Monrós Juan S. , Mesquita Daniel O. , Teixeira Álvaro A. C. , Teixeira Valéria W. , de Moura Geraldo J. B.
Published: October 2022

The diet of lizards is mainly composed of arthropods. It can be affected by biotic and abiotic factors, which influence the energy supply provided by the composition of the animal´s diet. The richness and abundance of many arthropod species can be influenced by environmental seasonality, especially in the Caatinga ecoregion, due to the rainfall regimes. The present study aims to describe aspects of the seasonal and morphological variation in the lizard Gymnodactylus geckoides diet and their energy content. We collected 157 individuals (63 females, 68 males, and 26 juveniles) at the Catimbau National Park, Northeastern Brazil, of which 72 were analyzed for the dry season and 59 for the rainy season. Our data indicates Isoptera to be the most common prey in G. geckoides’s diet. Energy content, prey number was higher in the dry season, whereas prey volume and glycogen content increased in the rainy season. Proteins and lipids did not show marked differences. The present study represents the first effort to understand variations in G. geckoide’s trophic ecology, indicating that this specie presents a wide variation in their diet, especially when considering seasonal factors, revealing their needs and restrictions according to prey availability and environmental conditions.
Regional models do not outperform continental models for invasive species
Authors: Jarnevich Catherine S. , Sofaer Helen R. , Belamaric Pairsa , Engelstad Peder
Published: October 2022

Aim: Species distribution models can guide invasive species prevention and management by characterizing invasion risk across space. However, extrapolation and transferability issues pose challenges for developing useful models for invasive species. Previous work has emphasized the importance of including all available occurrences in model estimation, but managers attuned to local processes may be skeptical of models based on a broad spatial extent if they suspect the captured responses reflect those of other regions where data are more numerous. We asked whether species distribution models for invasive plants performed better when developed at national versus regional extents.

Location: Continental United States.

Methods: We developed ensembles of species distribution models trained nationally, on sagebrush habitat, or on sagebrush habitat within three ecoregions (Great Basin, eastern sagebrush, and Great Plains) for nine invasive plants of interest for early detection and rapid response at local or regional scales. We compared the performance of national versus regional models using spatially independent withheld test data from each of the three ecoregions.

Results: We found that models trained using a national spatial extent tended to perform better than regionally trained models. Regional models did not outperform national ones even when considerable occurrence data were available for model estimation within the focal region. Information was often unavailable to fit informative regional models precisely in those areas of greatest interest for early detection and rapid response.

Main conclusions: Habitat suitability models for invasive plant species trained at a continental extent can reduce extrapolation while maximizing information on species’ responses to environmental variation. Standard modeling methods can capture spatially varying limiting factors, while regional or hierarchical models may only be advantageous when populations differ in their responses to environmental conditions, a condition expected to be relatively rare at the expanding boundaries of invasive species’ distributions.
Percutaneous Treatment of Recurrent Stroke Caused by a Cardiac Foreign Body: A Case Report
Authors: Ryu JiWung , Kim Jung-Sun , Seo Jiwon
Published: October 2022

We present a case of recurrent ischemic stroke in a 68-year-old man with a linear foreign body in the right atrium and ventricle and a patent foramen ovale (PFO). The patient developed atrial fibrillation despite taking warfarin at a therapeutic dose and had a third acute stroke. We planned left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion via the PFO, followed by PFO closure and foreign body removal. The percutaneous LAA occlusion and PFO closure were successful. However, it was difficult to remove the radiolucent foreign body. We inserted an Omni™ catheter via the right jugular vein to contact the foreign body in the right atrium directly, grasped its distal end with a snare, and successfully extracted it. The patient was followed-up in the outpatient clinic and had no recurrent stroke.
Household Leverage and the Recession
Authors: Jones Callum , Midrigan Virgiliu , Philippon Thomas
Published: October 2022

We evaluate and partially challenge the household leverage view of the Great Recession. In the data, employment and consumption declined more in U.S. states where household debt declined more. We study a model of a monetary union composed of many regions in which liquidity constraints shape the response of employment and consumption to changes in debt. We estimate the model with Bayesian methods combining state and aggregate data. Changes in household credit explain 40% of the differential rise and fall of employment across states, but a small fraction of the aggregate employment decline in 2007–2010. Nevertheless, since household deleveraging was gradual, credit shocks greatly slowed the recovery.
Fiscal Rules and Discretion Under Limited Enforcement
Authors: Halac Marina , Yared Pierre
Published: October 2022

We study a fiscal policy model in which the government is present‐biased towards public spending. Society chooses a fiscal rule to trade off the benefit of committing the government to not overspend against the benefit of granting it flexibility to react to privately observed shocks to the value of spending. Unlike prior work, we examine rules under limited enforcement: the government has full policy discretion and can only be incentivized to comply with a rule via the use of penalties which are joint and bounded. We show that optimal incentives must be bang‐bang. Moreover, under a distributional condition, the optimal rule is a maximally enforced deficit limit, triggering the maximum feasible penalty whenever violated. Violation optimally occurs under high enough shocks if and only if available penalties are weak and such shocks are relatively unlikely. We derive comparative statics showing how rules should be calibrated to features of the environment.