bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Situación socioeconómica del paciente con Enfermedad Renal Crónica bajo tratamiento sustitutivo con hemodiálisis, Cochabamba 2013
Authors: Marca Zuna Nelson Manuel , Rojas Mattos Marcelo
Published: April 2023

La Insuficiencia Renal Crónica terminal (IRC G5D) fue recientemente catalogada por la OMS como una epidemia a nivel mundial por su alto impacto sanitario, social y económico, siendo considerada un problema de Salud Pública. En el presente estudio se determinaron las características sociodemográficas que repercuten en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento sustitutivo con hemodiálisis en Cochabamba en el año 2013. Para ello se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional, descriptivo, comparativo y exploratorio. Se utilizó como instrumento sociodemográfico de recolección de datos, el registro de diálisis del programa renal del Ministerio de Salud. Se incluyeron a todos los pacientes con hemodiálisis de los tres centros de hemodiálisis. En cuanto a los resultados se encontraron 399 pacientes con esta enfermedad. La primera causa fue la diabetes sorprendentemente, la segunda causa es desconocida. El grupo etario más afectado oscila entre los 50 y 60 años y solo un 17 % cuenta con un empleo. Se llegó a la conclusión que se debe proceder con un manejo multidisciplinario, ampliando la cobertura y cubrir grupos vulnerables, realizar un adecuado registro de datos de diálisis y tener datos actuales a nivel nacional sobre la epidemiologia de la Enfermedad Renal Crónica.
Comparación in vitro del grado de eficiencia de tres soluciones irrigantes para la remoción de barro dentinario en tratamiento	endodóntico.	Clínica Odontológica Univalle Cochabamba 2016
Authors: Guzmán Gallardo Nathaly Vaca , Nuñez Montaño Mariela
Published: April 2023

Durante la realización de un tratamiento endodóntico in vitro, se genera en la preparación biomecánica la formación de barro dentinario, éste se compone de detritus compactados, microrganismos, tejido necrótico y otros componentes, los mismos que pueden afectar el éxito del tratamiento endodóntico, por lo cual resulta necesaria su eliminación.

Se realizó un estudio de tipo experimental in vitro en la Clínica Odontológica Univalle, donde se comparó el grado de eficiencia de tres soluciones químicas en la remoción del barro dentinario, controladas en tres tiempos a los 3, 5 y 10 minutos, y se visualizó la presencia de irregularidades en la superficie dentinaria en microscopio óptico.

El estudio se realizó sobre 56 raíces que se separaron en 3 grupos de 15 piezas: MD-CLEANSER@ (grupo 1), EDTA al 17% (grupo 2), ácido bórico al 2.5% (grupo 3) y un grupo control de 1 1 piezas en el que se utilizó sólo hipoclorito de sodio al 2.5%. Los resultados mostraron que de acuerdo al tiempo de aplicación en el tercio apical, la solución más efectiva a los 3 minutos fue el ácido bórico, a los 5 minutos fue el MD - CLEANSER@ y a los 10 minutos fueron resultados similares entre el MD - CLEANSER@, EDTA (Ácido Etilendiaminotetraacético) y ácido bórico; asimismo, se observó en microscopio óptico la presencia de irregularidades en la superficie dentinaria con todas las soluciones en mayor o menor grado, siendo el EDTA el que provocó mayor irregularidad desde los 3 minutos. Igualmente se pudo evidenciar la falta de acción del hipoclorito de sodio al 2.5% al momento de la remoción del barro dentinario.

Se recomienda la investigación in vivo del ácido bórico en la remoción del barro dentinario, pues se presenta como una opción innovadora por los resultados presentados tanto en la remoción del barro dentinario como en efectos a nivel de la superficie de las paredes del conducto.
Comparación del componente electro-fisico de los electro-estimuladores My Stim 2 vs Genesy SII con relación a los efectos de la electro-analgesia en pacientes de la empresa Phisio Basic S.R.L. 2016
Authors: Gutiérrez Canelas Franklin Daniel , Peñaranda Prado Mauricio Daniel
Published: April 2023

Los electro-estimuladores son muy utilizados por los fisioterapeutas, cada agente electro-físico presenta una forma de onda de acuerdo a la corriente y técnica ofertada, su componente electro-físico está en relación a la forma de onda de la corriente propuesta y a sus parámetros selectivos de modulación para poder dar un aporte de estímulo terapéutico sobre los tejidos estimulados.

Se realizó un trabajo de investigación tipo descriptivo comparativo y transversal con el objetivo de realizar un estudio comparativo del componente electro-físico de dos electro-estimuladores: uno original de la marca Globus Italy@ y el otro de procedencia dudosa, el cual se presenta con características tecnológicas similares. El estudio se realizó en 14 pacientes voluntarios que fueron sometidos a tratamiento de electro-analgesia a nivel del nervio mediano, donde se verificó mediante ecografías y electromiografías sus efectos fisiológicos.

Los principales resultados nos muestran que el equipo de estudio Genesy Sll presenta una forma de onda bifásica simétrica, una estimulación de fibras nerviosas y una polarización de la membrana de manera correcta y el electro-estimulador de procedencia desconocida My Stim 2 presenta una cadena de pulsos monofásicas en bloques positivos y negativos de manera desfasada, lo cual trata de modular una onda simétrica cuadrada, pero sin éxito, causando efectos fisiológicos inadecuados hacia los tejidos.

Dados los resultados hallados en nuestro estudio, concluimos que es importante saber diferenciar los componentes electro-físicos de un equipo de electroterapia para evitar lesiones a nivel de la piel y estímulos eléctricos inadecuados y como resultado brindar tratamientos de calidad para mejorar la calidad de vida de la población.
Efecto de dos colutorios en el tratamiento de la halitosis local en pacientes que asistieron a la Clínica Odontológica Universidad Privada del Valle durante la gestión 2015
Authors: Silva Rojas Alejandra Sdenka , Guarayo Molina Edwin Henry
Published: April 2023

La halitosis es un problema que va afectando cada vez a más personas en el mundo, lo que ocasiona introversión y aislamiento personal de quien la sufre, haciendo más complicada su vida y afectando no sólo su entorno laboral, sino también su vida familiar.

Se realizó una investigación de tipo prospectivo, transversal y analítico, con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de dos colutorios en el tratamiento de la halitosis local en pacientes de la Clínica Odontológica Universidad Privada del Valle durante la gestión 2015, mediante el índice de O'leary. La recolección de datos se realizó en 50 pacientes que presentaron halitosis de causa local, los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos de 25 personas: el primer grupo usó el colutorio a base de clorhexidina al 0,12 % y el segundo a base de cloruro de cetilpiridinio, ambos por el lapso de 1 semana, realizando enjuagues bucales 3 veces al día, donde se reforzó la técnica de cepillado enseñando al paciente la técnica de Bass mediante un modelo de estudio.

Se encontró en los resultados que la clorhexidina es más efectiva en el tratamiento de la halitosis oral por su sustantividad. El uso de la clorhexidina fue más efectivo, dejando un mayor porcentaje de pacientes con un grado de halitosis imperceptible, especialmente en el grupo etáreo de 26 a 50 años que era el grupo más afectado. El cloruro de cetilpiridinio resultó menos efectivo en pacientes que quedaron con halitosis leve o incluso severa.
Elaboracion de un Agar casero a base de Origanum vulgare, Aloysia citrodora y Avena sativa para el crecimiento cepas de Escherichia Coli Centro Experimental de Fitofármacos de la Universidad Privada del Valle 2017
Authors: Rivera Andrés Fernández , Ajhuacho Llampa Ghislain S. , López Florero Paola A.
Published: April 2023

Los medios de cultivo son una herramienta básica en el campo del análisis clínico y la investigación, siendo con el tiempo cada vez más específicos y al mismo tiempo más costosos. El centro de experimentación de fitofármacos plantea una alternativa viable y económica utilizando Avena Sativa y Agar base como nutrientes básicos para el crecimiento y desarrollo de microorganismos. Debido a la presencia de carbohidratos, peptona y cloruro de sodio en el agar, se inhibió el crecimiento de bacterias Gram positivas y hongos con la adición de extractos hidroalcohólicos de Origanum vulgare Aloysia citrodora. De esta forma se logra desarrollar el crecimiento específico de cepas de E. coli en un medio de cultivo natural, el cual puede estar al alcance de cualquier laboratorio clínico en áreas rurales o metropolitanas.
Anestesia en enfermedades neurovasculares
Authors: Artunduaga Antezana Germán David , Barrientos Medina Ruth Vanesa
Published: April 2023

Las enfermedades neurovasculares son entidades de origen genético y con desencadenantes tales como la hipertensión arterial, tabaquismo, alcoholismo, diabetes mellitus y dislipidemia, entre otros. La patologia neurovascular mås frecuente es el aneurisma cerebral y muy raramente las malformaciones arteriovenosas.

La ruptura de un aneurisma cerebral tiene una muy alta mortalidad en el momento mismo de la ruptura y los que sobreviven tienen una alta incidencia de secuelas fisicas y socio económicas para el paciente y los familiares. El manejo anestésico adecuado puede influir en mejorar la sobrevivencia perioperatoria de estos pacientes. El monitoreo anestésico perioperatorio incluye la sp02, C02 espirado (etC02), ECG, Presión Arterial No Invasiva (PANI), monitoreo de relajación neuromuscular, diuresis, Presión Arterial Invasiva (PAI), catéter venoso central y presión venosa central. La anestesia está basada en una combinación de anestésicos (10 que se conoce como anestesia general balanceada), aunque actualmente es recomendable emplear una técnica denominada Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA), basada exclusivamente en la administración de agentes anestésicos endovenosos como el propofol o tiopental sódico (hipnótico), remifentanyl o fentanyl (opiode) y atracurio o cisatracurio o rocuronio (relajante muscular), administradas en bombas de infusiön (manual o TCI) e intubaciön orotraqueal.

Los objetivos más importantes son mantener una estabilidad hemodinámica y una adecuada relajación cerebral, asi como facilitar una adecuada exposición quirúrgica, despertar postoperatorio rápido (si corresponde) o pasar al paciente dormido e intubado a la unidad de cuidados intensivos en casos más complicados.
Monte-Carlo Sampling applied to Multiple Instance Learning for Histological Image Classification
Authors: Vilaplana Veronica , Combalia Marc
Published: April 2023

We propose a patch sampling strategy based on a sequential Monte-Carlo method for high resolution image classification in the context of Multiple Instance Learning. When compared with grid sampling and uniform sampling techniques, it achieves higher generalization performance. We validate the strategy on two artificial datasets and two histological datasets for breast cancer and sun exposure classification.
Nettles — miraculous plant in traditional dishes
Authors: Gutium Olga , Cazac-Scobioala Viorica
Published: April 2023

Traditional food plays an important role in local identity, consumer behaviour, the transfer of cultural heritage to future generations and the interaction of this heritage with the rest of the world. Local products are, as a rule, natural products, which have a high nutritional and biological value and are perfectly inscribed in the national food traditions. Until the advent of agriculture, the fi rst foods for our ancestors were those picked up from nature. Th ey had a longer life expectancy and a stronger immune system, and this is probably due to their diet rich in herbs and raw products. Nettles play an important role in nutrition and health, especially in spring aft er the relative shortage of fresh sources of vitamins in the winter period, when the nutritional qualities of vegetables and food are low. Th e preliminary study carried out in the fi eld, found that nettles were used in various traditional dishes in various regions of the Republic of Moldova such as: soups, broths, stews, sauces, fasting food, pilafs, salads, pies, canned food for the winter, spices, drinks, tinctures, etc. Th ese plants were also used in traditional medicine, methods of care and health, craft smanship (making textile fi bers, coarse fabrics, fi shing ropes, paper), fodder for animals, destruction of insects and pests in the garden, etc. According to popular beliefs, many customs and superstitions are related to nettles. Th ey are associated with their protective force, with their endowment to heal and maintain people’s health, to remove unclean forces; bundles of nettles were hung at the entrance and corners of the house, animal stables, etc. In the framework of the study of the state program 20.8009.0807.17 analyzing the composition and physico-chemical properties of nettles and of dishes with the use of nettles, a fairly high biological value of these plants was noted. Nettles are rich in substances of protein nature, having a large number of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins C, B2, and K pantothenic acid, folic acid, chlorophyll, carotene, calcium salts, magnesium, iron, silicon, phosphates, etc.
Effects of Ethanol Extract of Green Algae (Ulva lactuca L) on Histological Description, COX-1 Expression and COX-2 in Ethanol-Induced Rat’s Gastric
Authors: Widyaningsih Wahyu , Ariani Edityaningrum Citra , Setya Ningsih Reni , Hasanah Khofizotun
Published: April 2023

Ethanol is the cause of gastric ulcers by reducing the production of prostaglandins (PG) and is closely related to the enzyme cyclooxygenase. One of the plants that has been studied as a gastroprotector is the green algae Ulva lactuca L. The objectives of this research were to study the effects of Ethanol Extract of Green Algae (Ekstrak Etanol Ganggang Hijau / EEGH) Ulva lactuca L. on the histological pictures of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model rats. EEGH is macerated with 96% ethanol. A total of 36 rats were divided into 6 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group I and II were given food and drink, group III was given ranitidine (15.75mg/kgBW). Groups IV, V and VI were given EEGH at doses of 125, 250 and 500mg/kgBW orally. Treatments are given for 14 days. On day 14 the rats were induced with ethanol (except group I) then fasted for 24 hours and then operated on. Gastric histopathology was observed with Hematoxyclin Eosin (HE) staining to see the ability of protection against the stomach of ethanol-induced rats. Gastric protection mechanism was observed by immunohistochemically COX-1 and COX-2 expressions. The results showed that EEGH at doses of 500mg/kgBW had a protective effect as seen from a decrease in the ulcer index and a reduction in necrosis, edema, and hemorrhage. EEGH Ulva lactuca L. were given at a dose of 500mg/KgBW was able to significantly increase the percentage of COX-1 expression in glandular cells but was not able to significantly reduce COX-2 expression.
RP-HPLC Method Validation for Estimation of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Pharmaceutical Oral Dosage Form
Authors: Dhanalakshmi K. , Jaswanth A. , Subramainan E. , Suntharaselvi T.
Published: April 2023

A simple, efficient and reproducible Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the estimation of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Pharmaceutical formulation has been validated. The Separation was carried out on C-18 column 4.6 mm x 250 cm x 5 µm column at ambient temperature using Buffer: Acetonitrile in the ratio of 60: 40 as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 1 ml/min and effluent was detected at 260nm. The retention times was found to be 3 mts. The percentage recovery was within the range between 99.23% to 101.44 %. The method was linear in the range of 50%-150% for Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate where r2 = 0.999. The percentage relative standard deviation for accuracy and precision was found to be less than 2%. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines and the acceptance criteria for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness and robustness were met in all cases in detecting Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. Hence the method could be successfully applied for routine analysis of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in the solid dosage form.
Formulation cream from extract of red pidada leaves (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) as a sunscreen and analysis of active compounds with Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method
Authors: Jubaidah Siti , Siswanto Syamsul Eka , Supomo Supomo , Wijaya Heri , Poddar Sandeep
Published: April 2023

Exposure to intense and prolonged solar ultraviolet rays can cause erythema, premature aging, and skin cancer. The prevention of ultraviolet rays can be done by using sunscreen. Red Pidada leaves (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) have sunscreen properties. The purpose of this study was to preformulate red Pidada leaves into sunscreen cream preparations with the best activity as a cosmetic product prototype. This research will be started with the preparation of the red Pidada leaf ethanol extract formulated into a cream preparation with the extract concentration of Formula 1 (8%), Formula 2 (15%), and Formula 3 (20%). Evaluation of cream preparations includes organoleptic test, pH test, homogeneity test, dispersion test, adhesion test, viscosity test, and sunscreen effectiveness test. Data analysis used the One Way ANOVA test. The results of the physical quality test of cream showed that Formula 1 (8%) and Formula 2 (15%) met the requirements of the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, and adhesion test but did not meet the pH test, viscosity test, and spread ability test. Formula 3 (20%) fulfils the organoleptic test requirements and adhesion test requirements but does not meet the homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, and spread ability test. The sunscreen effectiveness test in formula 1 has the lowest Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of 1.5 (without protection), formula 2 has an SPF value of 2.9 (minimum protection), and formula 3 has the highest SPF value of 7.4 (protection extra). Analysis of bioactive compounds in red Pidada ethanol extracts using LC-HRMS. There were 6 active compounds. Diisobutylphtalat, luteolin, apigethrin, vitexin, choline and bethain. Formula 3 performs better as a sunscreen than Formulas 1 and 2.
Characteristic of the Ethanol Extract of Carthamus tinctorius L. Flowers and its Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Hamsidi Rini , Adianti Myrna , Septriana Maya , Priskila Onny , Wahyuni Wahyuni , Fristiohady Adryan , Muhammad Hajrul Malaka , Aspadiah Vica , Muhammad Arlan La Ode , Sirupa Baka Karlies , Ekasari Wiwied , Widyawaruyanti Aty , Fuad Hafid Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Safflower plant (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has been reported to be effective for treating people with measles, hypertension, stomach ache, malaria and cholesterol issues. This study aims to assess specific and non-specific parameters of characteristics for the ethanol extract of C. tinctorius L. flowers and its antioxidant properties. The specific parameters include the extract’s organoleptic properties, while the non-specific parameters include the drying shrinkage, microbial contamination content, ash content, as well as the extract’s solubility in water and ethanol according to Materia Medica Indonesia and Pharmacopeia Herbal Indonesia. An antioxidant activity assay was performed using the DPPH method. According to the results, the deep red, viscous organoleptic extract had a distinctive odor, as well as an astringent or chelate taste, and an Rf value of 0.79. Furthermore, the extract contained 0.12% of water-soluble compounds, 0.22% ethanol-soluble compounds, and several phytochemical groups, including flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, tannins, quinones, and steroids. According to the non-specific parameters, the extracts demonstrated 1.02%, 0.2237%, 0.96%, 0.23%, and 0.91% for weight, acid-insoluble ash content, dry shrinkage, ash content, and water content, respectively. Meanwhile, the microbial contaminant load was ˂ 1.0 × 10-1 colony/mL, alongside ˂ 1.0 × 10-1 colony/mL of mold/yeast. The C. tinctorius L. ethanol extract was observed to show significant antioxidant activities, evidenced by an IC50 which measured 2.511ppm, based on DPPH analysis. A similar outcome was also reported for the ethanol flower extract, which was further determined to fulfil both non-specific and specific standardization parameters.
Correlation between CXCR4 and MMP-2 Expression with T Stage in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Putri Thaib Pamela Kusumadewi , Setijo Rahaju Anny , Hary Kusumastuti Etty
Published: April 2023

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer with high mortality. Escalation of T stage associates with worse survival. Proper and significant biomarker examination necessary to determine the predictive factor and the opportunity of targeted therapy as well. Upregulated CXCR4 expression on cancer cell promotes its aggressive growth, dissemination, metastasis, and conventional therapy resistance. Overexpression of CXCR4 may induce MMP-2 activity on tumor cell, an enzyme that degrade extracellular matrix and basal membrane particularly, which associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Those biomarkers activity might be advantaged under hypoxic microenvironment in ccRCC. This study aimed to analyze the role and correlation of CXCR4 and MMP-2 expression with various T stages in ccRCC. Analytic observational study with cross-sectional approach was conducted on 43 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue of patients diagnosed as ccRCC in Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Dr. Soetomo Hospital throughout January 2015 until December 2020. CXCR4 and MMP-2 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis with Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman test were utilized to analyze the expression difference and correlation. Difference of both CXCR4 (p=0.016) and MMP-2 (p=0.029) expression were obtained on various T stages. There was a significant positive correlation between CXCR4 expression (p=0.001) and MMP-2 expression (p=0.002) with T stage, also between CXCR4 with MMP-2 expression in various T stage of ccRCC (p=0.000). In conclusion, this study exhibited that CXCR4 and MMP-2 expression showed synergistic and positive correlation with T stage and might be considered as the basis of targeted therapy in ccRCC.
Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Tablet for Better Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Kumar Mahapatra Santosh , Verma Seema
Published: April 2023

It was intended to developed and evaluate polyherbal tablet consisting dry powder of aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia,Annona squamosa,Withaniasomnifera,and Azadirachta indica.The aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia,Annona squamosa,Withaniasomnifera,and Azadirachta indicawere formulated. The direct compression approach was used to create all six distinct pills (HF1 to HF6) in the batch. The mixtures were tested for their flow qualities and their compressibility, and the results showed that they were successful in both categories. A single rotatory punching machine was utilised throughout the production of the tablets. After that, the compressed tablets were put through a variety of different physical tests, including evaluations of their diameter, thickness, weight variability, variation in hardness, friability, in vitro disintegration time, and in vitro dissolution. The outcomes of each of these tests came back as positive, which is a good sign.
ABO Blood group Detection in Teeth from Cadaver: A Modified Absorption-Elution Technique
Authors: S Shivananda , G Doddawad Vidya , Shetty Aditya , VK Varsha
Published: April 2023

In a medicolegal investigation, a forensic pathologist, sometimes known as a forensic dentist, works hand in hand with a police officer to determine an individual's identification as a source of information. The blood group might be essential in establishing the victim's identification and the culprits who committed the crime in medico-legal investigations. Because dental tissues are hard of all human tissues and may be conserved for a long time even after death, they are significant for forensic purposes. The main goal of this study was to use the Adsorption-Elution method to detect blood group and Rhesus factor from soft and hard tissue of the tooth as biological evidence and also determine the ABO blood grouping from patients and cadavers in forensic investigation. The results showed, that there was a strong positive matching of the blood grouping with the coagulation of the tooth specimen.
Birleşmiş Milletler Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçlarının Gerçekleştirilmesinde Yapay Zeka Uygulamalarının Rolü
Authors: TUĞAÇ Çiğdem
Published: April 2023

Günümüzde yaygın bir biçimde kullanılan yapay zekâ uygulamaları, dünya gündemindeki acil sorunlara çözümler geliştirilmesini desteklemektedir. Bu kapsamda en önemli kullanım alanlarından biri Birleşmiş Milletler 2030 Gündemi ve Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçlarının (SKA’ların) gerçekleştirilmesidir. Yapay zekâ sistemlerinin, Birleşmiş Milletler’in 2030 yılına dek ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyal sürdürülebilirliği sağlamaya en kapsamlı eylem çağrısı olan SKA’lar için önemli fırsatlar ve olumlu katkılar sunmasının yanı sıra, çeşitli sınırlılıkları ve olumsuz sonuçları da söz konusudur.
Dolayısıyla yapay zekânın, SKA’ların gerçekleştirilmesinde etkili sonuçlar üretmesi ve sürdürülebilir yapay zekâ sistemlerinin geliştirilebilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Yapay zekâ uygulamalarının SKA’ların gerçekleştirilmesindeki rolünün değerlendirilmesini amaçlayan bu çalışmada, yapay zekânın olumlu katkılarının yanında, beraberinde getirdiği riskler de ele alınmış; özellikle etik sorunların önemle değerlendirilmesi ve bu kapsamda beşerî, idari ve hukuki kapasitenin geliştirilmesi gereği vurgulanmış; yapay zekanın bu olumsuzlukları ortadan kaldıracak şekilde geliştirilmesi ve sunduğu çözümlerin, SKA’ların hedefleriyle de uyumlu olarak dengeli, sürdürülebilir ve herkesin erişimini mümkün kılacak şekilde hayata geçirilmesinin önemi tartışılmıştır.
Study of the biological and taxonomic characteristics of the families Megamerinidae, Nemestrinidae and Therevidae (Insecta: Diptera)
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: April 2023

Regarding the biology of the Megamerinidae family, their larvae live under the bark of dying or dead deciduous trees where they are predators or scavengers of the larvae of other insects. Adults, which are rarely captured, are found mainly in wooded areas, close to the larval habitat, mainly on trunks and leaves. All known larvae of Nemestrinidae are internal parasitoids of nymphs and adults of locusts and beetle larvae. This makes the nemestrinids have the potential to be used as biological control agents for Mantodea. Nemestrinid adults are often found hovering around flowers where they feed on nectar, emitting a characteristic buzzing sound. The family of Therevidae biology is poorly understood. Adults are diurnal and many can live for more than a month under favorable conditions. They often go out to sunny spots on trails, the males usually waiting for the females to pass. Resting sites are generally specific to different species Larvae feed on other insects, mainly beetles, butterflies, moths and other flies that live in leaf litter, tree holes, or sandy terrains. Study of the biological and taxonomic characteristics of the families Megamerinidae, Nemestrinidae and Therevidae (Insecta: Diptera). The methodological basis of the present work consists of bibliographical research of scientific articles published in national and international academic scientific journals classified by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). The search criterion for articles was prioritizing articles dealing with the topic. Document analysis was used as a data collection method to gather information on the websites of the University of São Paulo (http://www.usp.br/), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (http:// www.bireme.br/), Scielo (http://www.scielo.org) and University of Brasília (http://www.bce.unb.br/sistemas/pesq_bibliografica.php).
Atonia uterina tardia: relato de caso
Authors: Brito Patrícia Leite , Santos Bruna Borges , Queiroz Yasmin Silva , Santos Bárbara Vasconcelos , Martins Shirlene Simão , Castro Luís Alexandre Lira de
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A atonia uterina corresponde à perda da capacidade de contração do útero após o parto, o que aumenta o risco de hemorragia pós-parto, colocando em risco a vida da mulher. Quanto a sua temporalidade, pode ser precoce se acontece até as primeiras 24 horas do pós-parto e tardia quando ocorre até quatro semanas após o parto. Sua epidemiologia está relacionada a gravidez múltipla, alteração da morfologia uterina, trabalho de parto prolongado, obesidade materna, idade materna nos extremos da vida reprodutiva e episódio de hipertensão na gravidez. Relato de caso: Paciente de 26 anos, G2P2cA0, procedente da capital, com dez consultas de pré-natal, hipertensa em tratamento, sem outras comorbidades e exames laboratoriais normais. Foi internada em maternidade pública terciária com idade gestacional de 37 semanas e encaminhada para cesariana por adramnia. O procedimento ocorreu sem anormalidades, e a paciente foi encaminhada para alojamento conjunto, onde permaneceu por três dias e recebeu alta em boas condições clínicas. No nono dia pós-operatório, a paciente dá entrada na emergência obstétrica com quadro de hemorragia uterina, hipotensão e choque hipovolêmico. Realiza-se a estabilização do quadro e encaminha-se a paciente para laparotomia exploradora, que exibiu útero em atonia, flácido, infiltrado e com grande quantidade de coágulos, sendo a mulher submetida a histerectomia subtotal. A paciente foi encaminhada para a unidade de terapia intensiva materna por 24 horas e depois para a enfermaria por mais dez dias, para tratamento com antibióticos e monitoramento clínico. Conclusão: A atonia uterina tardia é uma entidade rara e de alta letalidade entre as causas de hemorragia uterina pós-parto. O uso de medidas e condutas do protocolo obstétricos reduz os riscos e a taxa de complicações, prevenindo os desfechos desfavoráveis. O reconhecimento rápido e eficaz da situação deve constar no preparo e treinamento das equipes da emergência obstétrica, para intervirem no momento adequado.
Casamento precoce e recorrência de gestação na adolescência no Brasil entre 2012 e 2019
Authors: Monteiro Denise Leite Maia , Cavalcante Mateus Benac , Miranda Fátima Regina Dias de , Lacerda Isabel Maria Santos , Auar Daniela Fortunato , Rodrigues Izadora Gonçalves
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A gravidez na adolescência é um fator preocupante pelo impacto biopsicossocial na vida das jovens, podendo causar sobrecarga emocional, psicológica e financeira. Nos últimos anos, sua frequência vem diminuindo no Brasil. O principal desafio atual é a alta reincidência da gravidez na adolescência, que se caracteriza como uma nova gestação nessa mesma faixa etária, que pode potencializar os efeitos negativos desse período tão sensível na vida das mulheres. O casamento precoce, com a formação de estrutura familiar, é importante fator de risco associado à reincidência de gestação. Objetivo: Descrever a taxa de reincidência da gravidez na adolescência no Brasil, de 2012 a 2019, com relação às idades maternas de 10–14 e 15–19 anos e ao estado civil. Materiais e métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, com desenho transversal, realizado por busca no banco de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), utilizando informações do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC). O estudo incluiu todas as gestantes de dez a 19 anos de idade que tiveram nascidos vivos (NV) nos anos de 2012 a 2019 (n=3.695.838). As gestantes que reengravidaram foram separadas em: grupo 1 — de dez a 14 anos (n=10.501); e grupo 2 — de 15 a 19 anos (n=982.527). A análise foi feita pelo programa Epi-Info 3.5.4. Resultados: A reincidência global manteve-se estável ao longo dos anos, entre 29,3 e 32%. No grupo 1 (10–14 anos) era de 7,4% em 2012, apresentou queda de 33,8% entre 2012 e 2014 (quando passou para 4,9%) e, a partir de então, manteve-se entre 4,3 e 4,9% nos anos seguintes. No grupo 2 (15–19 anos) era de 24,6% em 2012, alcançou 25% em 2015, 25,9% em 2017 e apresenta a mesma taxa em 2019. Ser casada aumenta em 96% a chance de reincidir a gravidez no grupo 1 (p<0,001; odds ratio — OR=1,96, intervalo de confiança — IC95% 1,85–2,09) e em 40% no grupo 2 (p<0,001; OR=1,40 IC95% 1,39–1,41). Conclusão: A recorrência da gravidez na adolescência no Brasil mantém-se muito elevada ao longo dos anos e não demonstra queda expressiva no período de oito anos de estudo. O casamento precoce mostrou associação com a reincidência de gestação na adolescência, o que pode dever-se ao relaxamento da contracepção pela mãe adolescente em função da existência de uma estrutura familiar.
Desordens hipertensivas em gestações de fetos com anomalias congênitas em centro de referência de alto risco fetal
Authors: Silva Fernanda Cristina Vasconcellos , Izzo Aline Silva , Jesus Guilherme Ribeiro Ramires de , Peixoto Filho Fernando Maia , Terra Maria Eduarda , Teixeira Eduardo
Published: April 2023

Introdução: As síndromes hipertensivas são importantes causas de morbimortalidade materna e fetal, acometendo cerca de 8% das gestações no mundo, com alta incidência principalmente em países em desenvolvimento. Apesar da compreensão do impacto das síndromes hipertensivas nos desfechos maternos e fetais e do conhecimento de diversos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento dessas síndromes, existe pouca informação sobre a possibilidade de associação com a presença de anomalias congênitas fetais, que ocorrem em 7,9 milhões de gestações com nascidos vivos a cada ano. Objetivo: O estudo pretende avaliar a prevalência de síndromes hipertensivas e suas complicações durante a gestação de fetos malformados, comparando-a com a prevalência em gestações de fetos sem anomalias congênitas, em um centro de referência em alto risco fetal no Rio de Janeiro. Materiais e métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva observacional de mulheres cujo parto ocorreu no período de julho de 2015 a abril de 2016 em um hospital referência de alto risco fetal no Rio de Janeiro. Foram selecionadas as pacientes com gestação de feto único malformado para o grupo dos casos. Para o grupo controle, foram incluídas as duas pacientes que tiveram o parto de recém-nascidos sem malformações imediatamente subsequentes às do grupo anterior. Resultados e conclusão: O estudo demonstrou homogeneidade entre os grupos na análise de escolaridade, etnia, nível socioeconômico, estado civil e presença de obesidade. Foi encontrado, no grupo de fetos malformados, maior prevalência de hipertensão arterial crônica (5,88 vs. 2,15%). Houve, no grupo, maior risco de uso de sulfato de magnésio para pré-eclâmpsia e eclâmpsia (ocorreu exclusivamente nas gestantes com fetos malformados). Nas pacientes que desenvolveram pré-eclâmpsia, houve maior risco de gravidade, com necessidade de uso de sulfato de magnésio, desenvolvimento de crescimento intrauterino restrito, descolamento prematuro de placenta e eclâmpsia. No grupo de fetos malformados, foi encontrada maior prevalência de complicações por síndrome hipertensiva. No entanto, trata-se de uma amostra limitada, sendo necessários estudos com amostras populacionais maiores para melhor avaliação dos desfechos fetais e maternos.
Survey and Molecular Identification of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria Causing Bacterial Spot of Tomato in Blue Nile State in Sudan
Authors: Algam Soad Ali Eltayeb , Mohammed Fatima Elfatih Idreis , Teia Farah Khameis  Farag
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to survey, characterize, and identify the causal pathogen of tomato bacterial spots (TBS). The survey evaluated the disease incidence and severity on tomato cultivated in Blue Nile State during the autumn season 2015. The surveyed sites were in Alrosseris and Aldmazein localities. Four farms were selected from each locality. Symptomatic leaves were collected and sent to plant pathology laboratory, Department of Crop protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum for detection of the pathogen. Pathogenicity of the isolated bacteria was confirmed by relevant test. The pathogen was isolated and characterized morphologically, biochemically and at molecular level. The survey revealed that there was no significant difference in disease incidence within each locality, while there were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) among locations within both localities in disease severity. The disease incidence was remarkably high in Alrosseris and Aldamazein which recorded 49.27 and 52.17 %, respectively, while the disease severity was 28.28 and 30.32%, respectively. The results showed that the isolates were rod shaped, obligate aerobic, Gram negative, catalase positive, oxidase negative, and were able to hydrolyse starch and gelatine, yellow colonies on nutrient agar and Yeast Dextrose Calcium carbonate (YDC) media. In the pathogenicity test, the bacterium known as Xanthomonas vesicatoria was confirmed to be as  Xanthomonas euvesicatoria by PCR and sequence analysis of the 16S RNA gene (Gen Bank Accession No's MH047248, MH051263 and MG686236).These results also indicate that the tomato plants grown in Blue Nile State were highly infected by the bacterial leaf spots. Further studies should be considered to determine potential yield loss caused by the pathogen, as well as control strategies to limit the spread of this pathogen. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria causing bacterial spot disease in tomato in Sudan
A Note on the Effect of Storage on Physicochemical Properties of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) Seedsʼ Oil from Kordofan and Blue Nile States
Authors: Ibrahim Alia Mutasim Ali , Yassin Kamal Eldin El-Tayeb
Published: April 2023

Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) is an indigenous forest tree related with the Savannah dry lands of sub-Saharan Africa. Local communities utilize the leaves, pulp, and seeds of Baobab as a source of nutrition and for income generation. Seed oil has been used for centuries by rural communities as food and medicine. The global demand for Baobab seed oil in industrial applications has increased in recent years. The present study was conducted to determine physicochemical properties, mineral content and effect of storage on seeds from two different geographical locations (Kordofan and Blue Nile States). Six different samples of Baobab seeds were collected, prepared and stored in 2017 at room temperature until analysis in 2019. The oil was extracted by cold pressing process and its physicochemical properties were evaluated by standard and established methods. The results showed that the Baobab oil color was golden yellow/ reddish yellow and it showed resistance to change in color and seeds contained reasonable amount of oil. Oil density, PH, refractive index and acid value showed negligible change with the storage. However the peroxide value increased when the storage period increased, while the iodine value, saponification and viscosity of the oil decreased markedly with the storage time. Kordofan seed oil was higher than Blue Nile in density, oil content and saponification value, while Blue Nile seed oil showed higher viscosity, peroxide value and minerals especially potassium content.
Malaria and cholera co-dynamic model analysis furnished with fractional-order differential equations
Authors: IWA Livinus L. , NWAJERİ Ugochukwu K. , ATEDE Anne O. , PANLE Augustine B. , EGEONU Kenneth U.
Published: April 2023

This paper presents malaria and cholera co-dynamics under Caputo-Fabrizio derivative of order $\alpha\in(0,1)$ varied with some notable parameters in the fractional system. The fractional order system comprises ten compartments divided into human and vector classes. The human population is exposed to obnoxious diseases such as malaria and cholera which can lead to an untimely death if proper care is not taken. As a result, we present the qualitative analysis of the fractional order system where the existence and uniqueness of the solution using the well-known Banach and Schauder fixed point theorems. The numerical solution of the system is achieved through the famous iterative Atangana-Baleanu fractional order Adams-Bashforth scheme. The numerical algorithm obtained from the scheme is used for graphic simulation for different fractional orders $\alpha\in (0,1)$. The figures produced using various fractional orders show total convergence and stability as time increases. It is also evident that stability and convergence are achieved as the fractional orders tend to 1. The actual behavior of the fractional co-dynamical system of the diseases is established also in the numerical simulation.
A modelling of bioconvective flow existing with tiny particles and quartic autocatalysis reaction across stratified upper horizontal surface of a paraboloid of revolution
Authors: SHAH Nehad Ali , POPOOLA Amos Oladele , OREYENİ Tosin , OMOKHUALE Emmanuel , ALTİNE Muhammad Muhammad
Published: April 2023

The study considers the case of the unequal diffusion coefficients of reactant $A$ (bulk fluid) and reactant $B$ (catalyst at the wall) with the dispersion of both nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganisms of Erying-Powell fluid flow over a surface with non-uniform thickness in the presence of variable fluid properties and stratification. The numerical solution of the transformed governing equations is obtained by using the Runge-Kutta method and shooting techniques. The outcome of this study is that the increasing values of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity parameter lead to the augmentation of the kinetic energy which thereafter causes a significant enhancement of the fluid temperature.
Capacidad funcional y desempeño de pacientes con neumonía por Covid-19
Authors: Bravo C Eusebio , Rivera-Lillo Gonzalo , Gallegos B Sebastián , Horta M Paula , Navarro A Rocío , Puppo G Homero , Torres-Castro Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

One year after the first case reported by a new coronavirus (COVID-19), the evidence has

shown a series of persistent signs and symptoms once the acute process has been overcome.

Under the WHO’s framework for health and disability, these impairments at cardiorespiratory,

cognitive, and musculoskeletal body functions and structures lead, at least in the short and

mid-term, to activity limitations and participation restriction. In this review, we discussed the

main alterations generating disability and the challenges of implementing effective evaluation

strategies in this disease. Along with their role in the health emergency, rehabilitation teams

are challenged to design and deliver timely intervention strategies to reduce post-COVID-19

disability.
Priapismo: abordaje clínico y manejo de urgencia
Authors: Córdova P Leopoldo
Published: April 2023

Priapism is a persistent erection, often painful, lasting more than 4 hours and unrelated to sexual stimulation. Based on clinical and pathophysiological features, priapism can be classified as ischemic, nonischemic and stuttering. Ischemic priapism is the most frequent form and represents a urological emergency. Although it is described as a low frequency entity, its timely

diagnosis and immediate intervention are essential in the reestablishment of cavernous blood flow and in the prevention of necrosis and permanent erectile dysfunction. Intracavernous blood aspiration and injection of a-adrenergic agents correspond to the first-line options for the management of cases of ischemic priapism. Surgical shunts continue to be the most widely used surgical option for the management of prolonged ischemic priapism refractory to non-invasive management, with emerging evidence supporting the early implantation of a penile prosthesis. The objective of this review article is to describe the keys to the clinical approach and acute management of priapism in the emergency department.
Inmunodeficiencias en contexto de infección por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Faúndes G Nicolás , Genskowsky V Karen , Palma P Valeria
Published: April 2023

SARS-CoV-2 infection in the people has been characterized by great variability in the clinical manifestations, ranging from an asymptomatic infection in some individuals to a fatal disease in others. Recently, the importance of human genetics in determining clinical response has been highlighted. Within this context there are patients who don’t become infected despite viral exposure and others who, being young without comorbidities, develop a severe disease. On the other hand, it’s under constant investigation whether the presence of a concomitant primary or secondary immunodeficiency determines a different clinical course.
Tratamiento Covid-19
Authors: Hunt P Nicole , Bastías O Carla
Published: April 2023

The main treatment for patients with severe Covid-19 is to maintain adequate ventilatory support and monitor the possible progression of the disease. Therapeutic strategies such as High Flow Nasal Cannula, awake prone position, antithrombotic prophylaxis and the use of dexamethasone. There have improved the probability of not presenting complications and not requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. The use of convalescent plasma is still under investigation and is currently only recommended in clinical trials. Finding antivirals that allow treating the infection and clinically improving patients has led to mounting studies with different methodologies, and currently there are specific and limited indications for their routine use, as in the case of Remdesivir, which has been approved by the FDA as emergency treatment in severe cases. Immunomodulatory treatments are still under study. An example of this is Tocilizumab and Anakinra, which have shown promising results for the management of seriously ill patients. It should be noted that there are many therapies that are being tested and that every day the information about the results obtained is changing.
Vacunas SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Bretón I Andrea , Afani S Alejandro
Published: April 2023

Vaccines are biological products that stimulate the immune system to generate specific responses and immune memory. Faced with the magnitude of the problem caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, there is an urgent need to find an effective and safe preventive intervention. The race to find the ideal vaccine against this new coronavirus has required optimizing research times on this topic. Currently, more than 200 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates are in development, 177 in preclinical evaluation, 63 in clinical evaluation and 16 of them in phase 3 of clinical trials. In our country, 3 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are already authorized for administration, which have demonstrated safety and efficacy in clinical trials.
Dermatomicosis superficiales: cuando el diagnóstico lo entrega la histología
Authors: Manubens V Víctor , Araya B Irene , Morales H Claudia , Carreño T Laura
Published: April 2023

Superficial dermatomycosis are prevalent pathologies in the medical field and their diagnosis is fundamentally clinical. Histopathology is not considered part of his study, however, the diagnosis is exceptionally obtained by biopsy, when dermatomycosis was not suspected. Unpublished retrospective work is carried out on patients who had the histopathological diagnosis of superficial dermatomycosis between the years 2000-2019 at the HCUCH, based on selection criteria, obtaining 19 patients, in which the following were analyzed: age, gender, clinical characteristics, location, presumptive diagnosis and mycological and histological examinations. He stressed, as was our hypothesis, that dermatomycosis was not clinically suspected, since the presumptive diagnoses were various dermatoses. The most suspected dermatosis was psoriasis, as a result that 57.8% of the dermatoses studied had erythematous scaly plaques on examination. Another relevant fact is that only 21% of the cases underwent a direct mycological prior to the biopsy, which was negative (‘’ false negative’’). It is concluded, then, that superficial dermatomycosis should be considered clinical simulators of other dermatoses, so clinical suspicion and support of mycological examination and fungal culture is essential.