bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF INTERMITTENT SOCCER TRAINING ON PHYSICAL ENDURANCE IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Bo Yang
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The development of modern science and technology has led young people to a continuous decline in physical activity, negatively impacting the quality of cardiopulmonary endurance in college students. It is believed that the emerging need to strengthen physical endurance training can be met through sports. Progressive soccer training is a practice of interest due to its recreational and sporting effects. Objective: Study the effect of intermittent soccer training on the physical endurance of female college students. Methods: 12 classes of young women participated in soccer training lasting two hours, twice a week, according to the organization of the optional school soccer course. During the experiment, the intermittent training mode was selected and the combination of soccer walking and running was adopted for impact analysis. Results: The research showed that in the first 6 weeks, the changing trend of cardiopulmonary endurance of female college students was not different from that before the experiment, but there was a slight optimization phenomenon. After the experiment, the cardiopulmonary endurance of female college students was significantly improved. Conclusion: Intermittent soccer training for female college students can significantly improve their cardiorespiratory endurance and enhance their sports performance. It is an important tool for optimizing college students’ physical functions and healthy growth. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
EFFECTS OF LOWER LIMB FLEXIBILITY EXERCISE ON TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS PHYSICAL FITNESS
Authors: Wang Wenhong , Zhou Guohai
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: the main fitness requirements of table tennis players are highly automated motor skills and a strong body control ability; this combination is believed to benefit from flexibility exercises. Objective: Study the effects of lower limb flexibility training on physical fitness in table tennis players. Methods: The controlled experiment randomly divided 20 volunteers into two groups with no statistical differences between them. The control group continued using the existing table tennis teaching program, while the experimental group adopted the optimized lower limb flexibility training program. The course design was organized according to the physical education teacher's table tennis player talent training plan. Results: In the experimental group, the number of right body turns for throwing and blocking increased to 60.41 ± 4.67 times after the experiment; the number of right body turns increased to 64.045 ± 5.22; in the control group, the number of right push and blocks increased to 56.78 ± 3.67 times after the experiment. After the experiment, the number of fixed point swing speed of the whole station increased to 64.66 ± 3.95 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Adding lower limb flexibility exercises to table tennis flexibility training has been shown to improve athletes’ static and dynamic flexibility, positively optimizing players’ fitness. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
INTERMITTENT HIGH INTENSITY EXERCISE ASSOCIATED WITH DRUGS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: Huiying Liu , Omara Osama
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Some studies point out that high-intensity intermittent training exercises combined with drugs may improve the endurance of patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the information concerning blood glucose control still needs to be better evidenced. Objective: Explore further the effect of intermittent high-intensity exercise combined with drugs on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Through a control experiment, 100 patients were selected from volunteers, and divided equally into two groups for this experiment. A protocol with high-intensity intermittent exercise for intervention associated with drug treatment was added to the experimental group, while the control received standard drug treatment. Results: The results of each index in the experimental group were: TC pre 4.80±1.00, post 4.56±0.78; TG pre 1.77±1.15, post 1.49±1.16; LDL pre 2.94±0.83, post 2.51±0.73. The experimental results proved that all indices in the experimental group were improved, but the changes in the control group were not evidenced. Conclusion: Intermittent high-intensity exercise combined with drugs positively affected blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF SWIMMERS AT THE COMPETITIVE LEVEL
Authors: Xu Bin
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Swimming is a sport that requires mastery of muscle groups, breathing, and cardiopulmonary strengthening, being a complete physical activity. To improve the competitive level of its athletes, making possible better results in competitions is a frequent challenge that demands training analysis and frequent adaptations. Objective: Study the effects of current physical training on the competitive performance of athletes. Methods: Twenty-four volunteer swimmers were selected and equally distributed in two groups. The experimental group performed swimming-specific physical training according to the established training plan, and the control group performed general physical training based mainly on running. There was no difference in the duration or intensity of training between the groups. The experimental period was 8 weeks, three times a week. Results: The experimental group was superior to the control group in terms of optimizing physical function, optimizing special fitness, and improving athletic levels. Conclusion: Special physical training for athletes can improve swimmers’ physical function more efficiently, improve their competitiveness and sports efficiency, and reduce sports injuries. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
IMPACTS OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE ON PERFORMANCE IN SWIMMERS
Authors: Zhou Yufeng
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The need for strength of the lower limbs to provide absolute speed in competitive-level swimmers requires methodological and evidence-based training. Resistance training is an effective way to increase muscle strength and it is believed that it can be adapted to benefit swimmers. Objective: Study the impacts of lower-limb resistance exercise on the sport performance of swimming athletes. Methods: Twelve volunteer athletes were selected for the experiment, randomly divided between experimental and control groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The experimental group received intervention with lower limb resistance training, while the control continued with routine physical training. Results: The thigh circumference of the experimental group increased from 56.01±5.40 cm to 57.14±5.06 cm; the Dive angle decreased from 44.85±6.74 to 43.23±7.71; the Entry distance increased from 3.51±0.36 m to 3.69±0.39 m; flight time was reduced from 0.33±0.05 s to 0.31±0.07 s; freestyle performance was reduced from 28.90±2.40 s to 27.18±2.72 s. Conclusion: The training with resistance exercise in the lower limbs showed evident improvements in the swimmers’ physical performance, besides the evident gain of muscle mass. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC SPORTS AND OPTIMIZATION OF SPORTS MODE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF COVID-19 EPIDEMIC
Authors: Gu Yue , Yuan Zhiliang , Zhou Weibo , Xu Wei
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The sports psychology of athletes and public service policies in various places have been adjusted under the influence of the epidemic of COVID-19. However, team sports also need adjustments, and the paucity of evidence prevents safe decision-making. Objective: Research the current model to outline optimizations to team sports public service during the epidemic of COVID-19. Methods: The mechanism of athletes’ satisfaction was investigated, mainly involving organizing activities in sports venues, including geographical distribution, technical guidance, health services, etc. Results: According to the survey, the first concern was “organization of activities,” with a score of 3.783; followed by “number of places,” with a score of 3.252; and “health service,” with a score of 3.142. In the athletes’ satisfaction score relative to supply and demand, the first concern highlighted was “distribution of seats”, with a score of 3.682; followed by “number of seats”, with a score of 3.484; and “organization of activities”, with a score of 3.112. Conclusion: In optimizing the public team sports service model, the actual needs of the facilities should be fully considered to achieve scientific optimization of supply and demand. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
First steps to study the demography of vascular epiphytes in cities
Authors: Mondragón D. , Mora-Flores M. P.
Published: May 2023

Abstract Urban ecosystems could jeopardize the existence of vascular epiphytes (VE) given that their occurrence is linked to phorophyte availability and particular climatic conditions. Despite reports of VE in cities, nothing is known about their demography. A first step in this direction is to describe their population structures (PS). We established the PS of VE present in urban parks in Oaxaca City (Mexico), addressing the following questions: 1) what is their demographic status? and 2) are there differences in the structure of populations growing in native versus exotic phorophytes? During 2021, we censused all the trees in six urban parks, recording their origin (native or exotic), the epiphytic species found on them and the development stages present in each VE population. Overall, five VE species were documented: Tillandsia ionantha, T. makoyana, T. sp., T. schiedeana and T. recurvata (Bromeliaceae); the first three with only one individual and the latter two with 95 and 5,694, respectively. A MANOVA test indicated significant differences in PS between T. recurvata (type I structure, suggesting a growing population) and T. schiedeana (type III structure, suggesting a senile population) (Wilkes' λ= 0.821, F-Radio= 11.96 P<0.001). PS showed no differences related to tree origin. Our results indicate that it is necessary to conduct demographic studies to have a more accurate idea of the current condition of vascular epiphytes in cities. For instance, even though we found five VS species, only one of them seems to have viable populations in Oaxaca city.
Pyruvic acid as attenuator of water deficit in cotton plants varying the phenological stage
Authors: Silva F. A. , Dias M. S. , Fernandes P. D. , Marcelino A. D. A. L. , Lima A. M. , Pereira R. F. , Barbosa D. D. , Silva M. F. C. , Silva A. A. R. , Santos R. C.
Published: May 2023

Abstract The lack of water during crop growth causes damage to any production system, especially when it occurs during the initial establishment or beginning of the reproductive stage. Although cotton can be properly managed in regions with water limitation, its yield is affected at different levels according to the genetics of the cultivar adopted. Exogenous application of some organic components has shown a stress-mitigating effect and can be a valuable procedure to enhance the yield of water stress-sensitive cultivars. The objective of this work was to evaluate the benefits of exogenous application of pyruvic acid (100 µM) in cotton plants under water deficit varying the phenological stage of the crop. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where the plants were grown in pots and subjected to seven days of water suspension, initiated individually in stages V2 and B1. Each pot contained two plants. The treatments adopted were: T1 - control, T2 - water suppression; and T3 - water suppression + pyruvate application. The design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (3 × 3) with three replicates. The reductions in gas exchange and growth of the cultivars BRS Seridó, CNPA 7MH and FM 966 were more significant in the reproductive stage, especially for FM 966, which was more sensitive. Pyruvate application reduced the effects of water suppression on boll production by 31% in BRS Seridó and 34% in CNPA 7MH and FM 966.
Na linha: os Nambiquara e as linhas telegráficas
Authors: Miller Joana
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo pretende retomar o evento histórico da passagem das linhas telegráficas pelo território ocupado pelos povos Nambiquara, a partir do que eu proponho chamar de uma teoria das linhas formulada pelos grupos Nambiquara no contexto ritual. Minha intenção não é especular se o ritual de algum modo reproduz a imagem das linhas telegráficas ou das estradas que atravessaram o território nambiquara, originando-se de uma experiência histórica. Pretendo argumentar que, para os Nambiquara, a estrada, os fios telegráficos e as linhas usadas durante o ritual podem ser considerados condutores ontológicos a partir dos quais podemos refletir sobre a noção de transformação nesse contexto etnográfico. Minha hipótese é a de que essa teoria nambiquara das linhas deixa à mostra uma concepção de território na qual a mesma topografia constitui pessoas e lugares e tem sua expressão material nas linhas que atravessam o espaço e os corpos.
Main diseases of cattle in the midwestern region of São Paulo state
Authors: Bromberger Cristiana R. , Oliveira João Pedro M. , Costa Ana Maria D. , Amorim Rogério M. , Borges Alexandre S. , Oliveira-Filho José P.
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT: São Paulo state is one of the country’s largest producers of beef and milk, and the midwestern region plays a key role in this production, as half of São Paulo’s cattle herd is found in this region. These numbers alone demonstrate the importance of livestock in this region. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the main epidemiological and clinical signs in cattle cases at the Large Animal Hospital at FMVZ-Unesp, located in the midwestern region of São Paulo state. The present retrospective study assessed 638 clinical cases of cattle treated from January 2010 to December 2019 (10 years). Digestive system diseases were the most prevalent, diagnosed in 30.3% of patients, followed by neurological diseases (19.1%) and respiratory diseases (10.5%). The other diseases were distributed in decreasing order as follows: musculoskeletal (7.8%), hematopoietic (6.1%), genitourinary (5.6%), metabolic and nutritional (5.5%), neonatal (4.7%), cutaneous (2.6%), poisoning (2.5%), lymphatic (2.2%), cardiovascular (1.6%) and other diseases (1.4%). Rabies, a fatal zoonotic disease, was the main cause of death in this study and the main disease associated with neurological signs (23.7%). Recognizing the main diseases of cattle in this region will promote the adoption of prophylactic measures to minimize their occurrence and manage treatment to avoid economic losses and decreased productivity of herds.
Effect of toothpaste with high fluoride concentration on remineralization of dental substrate with artificial caries
Authors: GONÇALVES Diego Felipe Mardegan , OMOTO Érika Mayumi , MUSA ALI Yasmine Parischi , BRISO André Luiz Fraga , FAGUNDES Ticiane Cestari
Published: May 2023

Abstract Introduction fluoride toothpaste is widely used by the population. Objective dentifrices with a high concentration of sodium fluoride and the presence of tricalcium phosphate were developed, providing additional protection to patients vulnerable to the development of caries. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different dentifrices on the surface and internal hardness and enamel wear after artificial caries, pH cycling, and toothbrushing. Material and method enamel blocks (4x4 mm) were obtained from 20 bovine teeth. The specimens were submitted to artificial caries lesion and then to pH cycling and brushing according to the dentifrice: Colgate Total 12 and Clinpro + Tricalcium Phosphate. Result after this period, they were submitted to analysis of superficial and internal hardness and profilometry. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was performed. The data obtained were evaluated by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the mineral recovery and profilometry, and two-way repeated measures ANOVA to evaluate the superficial and internal hardness. Conclusion analyzing the surface hardness, after caries induction, there was a significant reduction in hardness that was partially recovered regardless of the dentifrice used. For internal hardness, Clinpro obtained lower values on the control side and up to 90 micrometers on the test side. As for profilometry, Colgate Total 12 showed greater wear when compared to Clinpro. It was concluded that Clinpro promoted lower internal hardness, however, Colgate Total 12 resulted in greater surface wear of tooth enamel.
A nova economia do campo no discurso sobre a sustentabilidade na revista Globo Rural
Authors: Lengert Mathias , Moraes Cláudia Herte de
Published: May 2023

Resumo Neste estudo, observamos a articulação e construção discursiva sobre o tema da agricultura de base ecológica nas reportagens de capa da revista Globo Rural. Temos como objetivo geral identificar como a revista Globo Rural constrói o discurso sobre agriculturas de base ecológica ao atuar no tensionamento entre os discursos que aí circulam. A partir dos trajetos de sentidos aliados ao enquadramento discursivo, refletimos sobre os aspectos socioculturais no dizer da revista. A partir deles, notamos a dominação da racionalidade econômica, que busca esvaziar ideologicamente o discurso do ambientalismo. Assim, observamos a operacionalização da “nova economia do campo” enquanto enquadramento discursivo de Globo Rural, fundamentado nas lógicas de mercado da ruralidade hegemônica e na apropriação do ideário ecológico de algumas ruralidades contra-hegemônicas.
Five tips for conducting remote qualitative data collection in COVID times: theoretical and pragmatic considerations
Authors: Neris Rhyquelle Rhibna , Papathanassoglou Elizabeth , Leite Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi , Garcia-Vivar Cristina , DeMontigny Francine , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To provide five methodological and pragmatic tips for conducting remote qualitative data collection during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The tips presented in this article are drawn from insights of our own experiences as researchers conducting remote qualitative research and from the evidence from the literature on qualitative methods. The relevant literature was identified through searches using relevant keywords in the following databases: CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Searches were limited to articles in English and Portuguese, published from 2010 to 2021, to ensure a current understanding of the phenomenon. Results: Five tips are provided: 1) Pay attention to ethical issues; 2) Identify and select potential participants; 3) Choose the type of remote interview; 4) Be prepared to conduct the remote interview; and 5) Build rapport with the participant. Conclusion: Despite the challenges in conducting remote data collection, strengths are also acknowledged and our experience has shown that it is feasible to recruit and interview participants remotely. The discussions presented in this article will benefit, now and in the future, other research teams who may consider collecting data for their qualitative studies remotely.
SELF-MUTILATION AMONG ADOLESCENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Bezerra Kalyne Araújo , Nascimento Fihama Pires , Nóbrega Igor de Sousa , Araújo-Monteiro Gleicy Karine Nascimento de , Santos-Rodrigues Renata Clemente dos , Marcolino Emanuella de Castro
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the prevalence of self-mutilation among adolescents and the factors that influence it. Method: this is a systematic review with meta-analysis. The search was carried out October 2021 in the following databases: SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE and PubMed databases, with the descriptors “Adolescente” and “Comportamento autodestrutivo” and “Adolescent” and “Self-destructive behavior”, combined by the Boolean operator “AND.” We included studies published between 2015 and 2021, quantitative, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, available in full. We excluded documents that did not contain the amount referring to adolescents who practiced self-mutilation, duplicate and review studies. Study selection was performed by pairs, removing duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, reading titles, abstracts and full text. In the end, the sample consisted of 86 studies. Meta-analysis was performed using the R software through the elaboration of forest plot, heterogeneity test, funnel test and Egger’s test. Results: the prevalence of self-mutilation among adolescents averaged 21%, with the United States standing out with the highest percentage. Among the identified factors, older adolescents, female, economically disadvantaged, who experience family conflicts, with parents with low education, victims of violence and bullying and who have friends with suicidal behavior stood out. Conclusion: self-mutilation is socially determined so that its prevalence varies according to the integration between different factors. In this context, it is necessary for nursing professionals to offer emotional support to adolescents and their families.
Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA): alcohol consumption and associated factors
Authors: Miguez Fernanda Garcia Gabira , Oliveira Gabriela , Correa Marcia Mara , Oliveira Elizabete Regina Araújo
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze factors that influence alcohol consumption by Brazilian adolescents aged 12 to 17 years from the five macro-regions of Brazil, according to sociodemographic, schooling, and family characteristics. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). The outcome was assessed by alcohol consumption and considered the variables sex, age, ethnicity/skin color, maternal schooling level, having housemaids, number of bathrooms at home, living or not with parents, and type of school. For the analyses, the survey mode was used for complex samples. Poisson regression was performed to assess the magnitude of factors associated with alcohol consumption among adolescents. Results: The prevalence of alcohol consumption by adolescents was 22.1%. The variables age range of 15 to 17 years, higher socioeconomic status, and living alone or with only one of the parents were factors that remained associated with alcohol consumption by adolescents regardless of their region of residence. Protective factors in alcohol consumption were associated with variables related to lower economic conditions and being of Asian or indigenous descent. Conclusion: The percentage of adolescents who consume alcohol is worrisome and must be tackled with public policies and health education. Understanding which factors are related to this situation contributes to practices and policies aimed to reduce its prevalence and damage to health.
Prevalence of Ivermectin use to prevent COVID-19 during the pandemic in Mato Grosso: cross-sectional home-based study
Authors: Silva Nathalia Beatriz Lobo da , Rocha Roseany Patrícia da Silva , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Terças-Trettel Ana Cláudia Pereira , Muraro Ana Paula
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the use of ivermectin as COVID-19 prevention method by the population of Mato Grosso in 2020. Methods: This is a home-based survey, carried out between September and October 2020, in 10 pole cities of the socioeconomic regions of State. The use of ivermectin was evaluated through the question: “Did you take ivermectin to prevent COVID-19?”. Sociodemographic variables (sex, age group, education, family income), current work situation, being benefitted by government financial programs, as well as symptoms, seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and previous diagnosis of COVID-19 were evaluated. Prevalence and their associations were estimated using the chi-square test. Results: 4.206 individuals were evaluated for prevalence of ivermectin use; 58.3% of the individuals responded positively, this rate being higher in the municipalities of the western region of the state (66.6%). There was no significant difference between sexes, but the prevalence was higher among people aged 50–59 years (69.7%), who were white (66.5%), with complete higher education or more (68.8%) and higher family income (≥3 minimum wages-64.2%). The use of this drug was even higher among participants who considered their knowledge of the disease good or very good (65.0%), who reported having symptoms of COVID-19 (75.3%), and who had been previously diagnosed with the disease (91.2%). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of use of ivermectin as a method to prevent covid-19 by the population of Mato Grosso, indicating the need for strategies to inform the population about the risks of off-label use of drugs and to combat the advertising of drugs that are ineffective against COVID-19.
Sleep characteristics and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents and adults: results from the birth cohorts of three Brazilian cities — RPS Consortium
Authors: Confortin Susana Cararo , Santos Iná da Silva , Batista Rosângela Fernandes Lucena , Eckeli Alan Luiz , Tovo-Rodrigues Luciana , Del-Ponte Bianca , Menezes Ana Maria Baptista , Wehrmeister Fernando César , Gonçalves Helen , Cardoso Viviane Cunha , Barbieri Marco Antonio , Bettiol Heloisa , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the prevalence of insufficient sleep duration, long sleep latency, terminal or maintenance insomnia, subjective sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness among participants of birth cohorts conducted in three Brazilian cities, and to evaluate differences in prevalence rates within cohorts according to sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses involving adolescents and adults participating in four birth cohorts conducted in Ribeirão Preto (RP78 and RP94), Pelotas (PEL93) and São Luís (SL97/98). Sleep duration, latency, terminal or maintenance insomnia, and subjective sleep quality were obtained through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; and excessive daytime sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Differences in the prevalence of the outcomes were analyzed in each cohort according to sociodemographic characteristics (skin color, marital status, socioeconomic status, study and working at the time of the interview) stratified by sex. Results: Insufficient sleep duration was the most common outcome at the four cohorts, with higher frequency among men. Long latency was more frequently reported by young adult women in RP94 and PEL93 cohorts, and insomnia by women of the four cohorts, when compared to men of the same age. Women generally suffered more from excessive daytime sleepiness and evaluated the quality of their sleep more negatively than men. In addition to sex, being a student and working were associated with the largest number of outcomes in both sexes. Conclusion: Sleep disorders are more prevalent in women, reinforcing the need for greater investment in sleep health in Brazil, without disregarding gender and socioeconomic determinants.
Perspectivas de uma comunidade universitária acerca da doação de corpos para estudo em anatomia humana
Authors: Prohmann Luigi Antony Vinhaes , Figueiredo Rogério Ramos , Mendes Vinícius Santos , Carvalho Mateus Balbino Barbosa de , Almeida Francisco Santos de , Gama Filho Ozimo Pereira
Published: May 2023

Resumo: Introdução: O cadáver é uma peça insubstituível no aprendizado da anatomia humana, pois permite uma visão tridimensional das estruturas anatômicas. Entretanto, observa-se um cenário de escassez e aumento da demanda das peças cadavéricas nas universidades brasileiras. Logo, diversas instituições, amparadas no artigo 14 da Lei nº 10.406/2002 do Código Civil brasileiro, implementaram programas de doação de corpos interessados em trazer melhorias significativas na qualidade de ensino da disciplina de anatomia. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o grau de conhecimento e as perspectivas de uma comunidade universitária a respeito da doação voluntária de corpos cadavéricos para fins educacionais e de pesquisa. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e prospectivo com abordagem quantitativa e coleta de dados por meio de questionário individual. Os sujeitos incluídos foram os docentes e discentes da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (Ufma), campus Dom Delgado. Os questionários eram relativos à obtenção de informações sobre o conhecimento e a opinião acerca da temática da doação de corpos. Resultado: Obteve-se um total de 264 questionários respondidos, os quais mostraram que 85,65% dos discentes e 87,1% dos docentes tinham conhecimento acerca da possibilidade da doação do próprio corpo. Contudo, observou-se que 94% dos entrevistados não sabiam que procedimentos eram necessários para a doação, e 86% não possuíam conhecimento acerca da legislação que permitia tal prática. Ademais, 27,65% dos participantes estavam aptos a doar o próprio corpo, 33,7% apontaram que não doariam e 38,9% informaram que não tinham opinião formada. O principal motivo apontado para doar foi: “para contribuir com o avanço da educação na área da saúde”, e para não doar: “quero ser enterrado ou cremado”. Conclusão: Existe um alto percentual de indivíduos que não conhecem os meios para realizar a doação de corpos, sendo evidenciado que os participantes apresentam baixa aptidão para doação. Contudo, existe um percentual significativo de indivíduos que não tem opinião formada sobre o assunto, demonstrando que a divulgação dessa temática é um meio para aumentar a adesão a tal prática. É importante realizar o desenvolvimento de programas de doação de corpos para solucionar a problemática.
Bioethics and restrictions to liberties in times of COVID-19
Authors: Sousa Maria Eliane Alves de
Published: May 2023

Abstract This study analyzes Law 13,979/2020 (Quarantine Law), according to the principles established by the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights , to identify the main similarities and differences between both legal frameworks in terms of the determinations imposed by the former to combat COVID-19. A bibliographic and documental search was conducted on constitutional legislation, on the Executive’s norms, and on international regulations about bioethics. Comparison between the dictates of Law 13,979/2020 and the declaration’s principles shows that the law is in line with the field of bioethics. Compliance with health measures implies recognizing and valuing human dignity and caring for one’s own vulnerability and that of others.
Elaboration and validation of the Brazilian Scale of Perception about Euthanasia
Authors: Murakami Beatriz Murata , Ferretti-Rebustini Renata Eloah de Lucena , Amendola Fernanda , Almeida Fabiane de Amorim
Published: May 2023

Abstract This research elaborated an instrument to identify nurses’ perception on euthanasia and test its content validity, response process, internal structure and reliability evidences. A psychometric study was conducted through evaluation by a committee of judges, pre-test, and validation. The latter step included 821 nurses. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. A total of 55 items were elaborated based on a literature review. After review by judges and applying the suggested changes, all items showed agreement above 80% between evaluators. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated a satisfactory fit of a two-dimensional model and good reliability indices (α=0.85; Ω=0.89). The 12-item scale showed good validity and reliability evidences, and can be used to measure nurses’ perception on euthanasia.
Ethical considerations on placebo-controlled vaccine trials in pregnant women
Authors: Oliveira Ana Cecilia Amado Xavier de , Paumgartten Francisco José Roma
Published: May 2023

Abstract Placebo use in clinical trials, whenever a proven effective treatment exists, is one of the most debated topics in contemporary research ethics. This article addresses the ethical framework for placebo use in clinical trials assessing vaccine efficacy in pregnant women. Vaccine trial participants are healthy at the outset and some must be infected during the study to demonstrate the product’s efficacy, meaning that placebo-treated participants are under risk of serious and irreversible harm. If effective vaccines exist, such risk precludes placebo use. This interdiction should be extended to any clinical trial of vaccine efficacy in pregnant women, because a demonstration of clinical efficacy in nonpregnant individuals and comparable immunogenic responses in pregnant women are predictors of efficacy in pregnancy as well. Moreover, product effectiveness in real-world use scenarios can be ascertained by observational studies conducted after its inclusion in vaccination campaigns.
Límite ético para confirmar la identidad por caracteres morfológicos
Authors: Sobral André Oliveira de , Laureano Filho José Rodrigues , Almeida Adriana Conrado de
Published: May 2023

Resumen El desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías dio lugar a herramientas que ayudan en el proceso de identificación de personas, lo que posibilita la confirmación de identidades y contribuye a la resolución de delitos al permitir confirmar, por ejemplo, a personas desaparecidas o víctimas de accidentes. Sin embargo, es necesario observar una cuestión ética importante: ¿el fin siempre justifica los medios? ¿La identificación facial desde imágenes captadas por cámaras de circuito cerrado de televisión o el análisis de registros fotográficos puede confirmar inequívocamente la identidad de una persona? ¿Se pueden utilizar huellas dactilares o labiales, bajo cualquier circunstancia, en un enfrentamiento dactiloscópico? El conocimiento sobre las limitaciones de los métodos técnicos y científicos utilizados en las comparaciones de caracteres morfológicos permite que el resultado del perito en papiloscopía responda a dos principios constitucionales básicos: la legalidad y el derecho de la persona humana. Al respetarlos se estará actuando dentro de los límites éticos.
Limite ético para confirmar identidade pelos caracteres morfológicos
Authors: Sobral André Oliveira de , Laureano Filho José Rodrigues , Almeida Adriana Conrado de
Published: May 2023

Resumo O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias fez nascer ferramentas que auxiliam no processo de identificação de indivíduos, possibilitando confirmar identidades e ajudando a solucionar crimes, ao permitir confirmar o encontro de pessoas desaparecidas ou vítimas de acidentes, por exemplo. Entretanto, um importante questionamento ético precisa ser observado: os fins sempre justificam os meios? A identificação facial a partir de imagens coletadas por câmeras de circuito fechado de televisão ou a análise de registros fotográficos são capazes de confirmar a identidade de alguém inequivocamente? Impressões digitais ou labiais podem ser utilizadas, em qualquer hipótese, em um confronto dactiloscópico? O conhecimento sobre as limitações dos métodos técnicos científicos utilizados em comparações de caracteres morfológicos permite que o resultado do perito papiloscopista atenda a dois princípios basilares constitucionais: a legalidade e o direito da pessoa humana. Ao respeitá-los, estará agindo conforme os limites éticos.
A Educação de Pessoas Trans*: relatos de exclusão, abjeção e luta
Authors: Xavier Thais Pimentel de Oliveira , Vianna Cláudia
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta resultados de investigação sobre os processos de exclusão, abjeção e luta de pessoas trans* na tentativa de garantir seus direitos à educação. A pesquisa qualitativa foi realizada a partir de cinco entrevistas e as análises foram organizadas em três eixos: a exclusão com a interrupção dos estudos; a retomada na vida adulta e as novas perspectivas de vida com a conquista do acesso e da permanência na escola. Os resultados revelam processos excludentes de estudantes que desafiam as normas de gênero quanto ao direito à educação ou, até mesmo, à vida com situações de abjeção. No entanto, também mostram formas de repensar as relações de gênero na luta pelo acesso e pela permanência em uma escola menos excludente.
Study of auditory pathways in type 1 diabetes mellitus through brainstem auditory evoked potentials and contralateral acoustic reflex
Authors: Fernandes Luciene da Cruz , Andrade Caio Leônidas Oliveira de , Adan Luis Fernando Fernandes , Ladeia Ana Marice Teixeira
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the functionalities of the neural pathways through the auditory evoked potentials of the brainstem and the contralateral stapedial acoustic reflexes in normal-hearing individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, in order to detect possible alterations in the central auditory pathways. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with a comparison group and a convenience sample, consisting of 32 individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 20 controls without the disease. All subjects had hearing thresholds within normal limits and type A tympanometric curves. The acoustic reflex arc and brainstem auditory potentials were investigated. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 17.0. The Chi-square test, Student´s t-test, and Multiple linear regression were used. Results The auditory thresholds of the acoustic reflex were statistically lower in the group with the disease at frequencies of 0.5 kHz and 1.0 kHz in the left ear (p=0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). The absolute latencies III and V of the auditory potentials of the brainstem in the right ear and V in the left ear were increased in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (p=0.03, p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively). Conclusion The findings suggest that subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus are more likely to present alterations in the central auditory pathways, even with auditory thresholds within normal limits.
Psychosocial Care Network: development and validation of a multidimensional instrument to assess implementation (IMAI-RAPS)
Authors: Coelho Vivian Andrade Araujo , Pauferro Ana Luiza Moreira , Silva Mariana Arantes e , Guimarães Denise Alves , Gama Carlos Alberto Pegolo da , Modena Celina Maria , Guimarães Eliete Albano de Azevedo
Published: May 2023

Abstract This is a methodological study for the development and validation of the Multidimensional Instrument for Evaluating of the Implementation of Psychosocial Care Network (IMAI-RAPS) in Minas Gerais (MG)/Brazil. The study was carried out in three stages: evaluability study, development of the IMAIRAPS, application of the Delphi Technique for content and appearance validation of the questions. The analysis of official documents, literature review and a structured engagement with program members were carried out to clarify its operationalization and focus on the central aspects to be evaluated. A theoreticallogical model of RAPS was built according to the Donabedian triad: structure, process and result and organized into: Minimum Units (Mental Health Care and Psychosocial Rehabilitation), Connectivity (Network Articulation), Integration (Governance and Management of the Care), Normativity (Mental Health Policy and Participation and Social Control), Subjectivity and Structure (Services, Logistics System and Health Education). The IMAI-RAPS was derived from this model, which was validated by 44 experts in the field, indicating the approach of relevant, useful and viable questions for evaluating the structure and process of implementing the program in MG. The use of the Delphi Technique made it possible for the developed products to be marked out by Psychosocial Care Network scholars or professionals from different regions of the country, increasing the analytical power of the tool.
Por uma decolonização do HIV e interseccionalização das respostas à aids
Authors: Cazeiro Felipe , Leite Jáder Ferreira , Costa Andrei Junior da
Published: May 2023

Resumo Com o advento da aids, uma articulação discursiva jornalística-biomédica-midiática contribuiu para acentuar a estigmatização sobre determinadas populações implicando uma colonização do HIV em que o vírus atingiria algumas pessoas enquanto outras estariam livres. Através de uma Análise do Discurso Crítica (ADC) realizou-se uma análise de retórica de algumas rupturas e continuidades discursivas nas áreas acadêmica-jurídica-midiática a partir de uma revisão narrativa de literatura (RNL). Os referenciais teóricos, éticos e políticos dos estudos decoloniais foram utilizados para a presente análise por entenderem que a colonialidade se reproduz em uma tripla dimensão: a do poder, do saber e do ser. Estes estudos foram articulados à uma crítica interseccional em que múltiplas formas de discriminação podem se sobrepor e serem experimentadas em intersecção tendo a contextualização sobre o que representou a aids, no Haiti, como eixo central comparativa para análise. Interessou-nos pensar a contribuição dessas perspectivas para lançar algumas provocações às respostas ao HIV/aids numa tentativa de superação de uma visão reducionista propagada por discursos morais e criminalizantes que, ao se posicionarem através de uma suposta neutralidade, dissimulam a interseccionalidade de gênero, classe, raça e sexualidade, levantando barreiras para as políticas e estratégias de promoção da saúde e prevenção ao HIV/aids.
A vida cotidiana do neoliberalismo: os cuidados de saúde à população em situação de rua no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Nunes João , Brito Cláudia
Published: May 2023

Resumo O crescimento do neoliberalismo nas políticas sociais brasileiras vem resultando em retrocessos nos indicadores sociais, nas condições de trabalho e no desempenho dos serviços de saúde. Não obstante, sabe-se pouco sobre como o neoliberalismo age nas práticas concretas e relações de cuidado. Este artigo visa contribuir para a análise dos impactos da neoliberalização da saúde no Brasil, com foco na capilarização do neoliberalismo no cotidiano do cuidado, bem como pensar formas de resistência ao neoliberalismo na saúde. Partimos da crítica marxista e feminista da vida cotidiana, que considera a interdependência entre o global e o local nas políticas e práticas de saúde. Utilizamos resultados de pesquisa qualitativa sobre o cuidado de saúde à população em situação de rua no Rio de Janeiro, como forma de ilustrar o impacto do neoliberalismo no cotidiano dos serviços de saúde e suas consequências nas percepções de profissionais de saúde e usuários. Observamos que atitudes individuais e coletivas dos profissionais de saúde evidenciam formas de resistência à racionalidade neoliberal hegemônica. A lente da vida cotidiana permite observar tanto a reprodução do global neoliberal, quanto atitudes que potenciam transformações e revelam a persistência de um cuidado empático enquanto um ato de resistência ao neoliberalismo.
Shared Reflections Offered by Listening to Johnny Mbizo Dyani's Born Under the Heat
Authors: Mtshemla Sinazo , Verghese Ben
Published: May 2023

Originally written as a lecture-presentation for the 2021 South African Society for Research in Music (SASRIM) conference, this text shares our ongoing collaborative study of Born Under the Heat, an album by Johnny Mbizo Dyani. Our research tracks the record(ings) to mark potential pathways for thinking about networks of sociality and solidarity that underpin the production of such politicised cultural work, as well as how we listen to and/or may read it. We trace how the album, recorded in 1983, was born out of festival-gatherings in Lagos, Gaborone and Amsterdam as well as Dyani's memories/remembering of home (from Duncan Village to Dorkay House, perhaps) when exiled in Scandinavia. By reiterating literal and symbolic modes of travel which Born Under the Heat took, as an object and as a concept/project, we aim to explore multiple routes and forms archival, repatriation and restitution projects continue to find in the postapartheid present.
'Echoes From Africa': Abdullah Ibrahim's Black Sonic Geography
Authors: Ramphalile Molemo , Manyike Thabang , Maxaulane Gregory
Published: May 2023

This article aims to listen, read and move with the South African musician Abdullah Ibrahim by focusing on various works in his corpus that see him weave together a sonic aesthetic and identify sound, space and time as fundamentally intertwined with and constituted by the experiences of racial violence and anti-blackness in a modern colonial world. Part of our critical pursuit is to highlight Abdullah Ibrahim as a theorist of black geography invested in the everyday sounds ringing through the ghettoes, townships and reserves created as debased and inexhaustible reservoirs for cheap labour by colonial-apartheid regimes. We will also examine how some of Abdullah Ibrahim's music interrogates the status of the black subject through the modalities of a black Islamic sonic aesthetic. This is one of the factors which qualifies it as a layered site of mythical and experimental histories and enables us to identify his body of work as deeply connected with the articulations of loss, suffering, the cadence of change, and hope.
A Mercy
Authors: Kona Bongani
Published: May 2023

Hanif Abdurraqib is always alert to those moments when ordinary life gets inhabited by the presence of something larger. Perhaps this is why his writing on music and pop culture in the US is furnished with words like grace, mercy, prayer. Consider for instance how an otherwise ordinary domestic scene is transformed into something holy in the poem, 'When We Were 13, Jeff's Father Left the Needle Down on a Journey Record Before Leaving the House One Morning and Never Coming Back'. Abdurraqib recasts this episode from his childhood in Columbus, Ohio, in the 90s, as a religious experience, an exorcism. In the poem's climactic scene, Jeff's mother throws her wedding ring out of the window of the 'powder blue Ford Taurus',1 and instead of a gathering of the faithful sitting in church pews, as witnesses, we have 'four boys packed in/ the backseat tight like the tobacco in them cigarettes';2 and in place of a hymn, we have Journey's 1981 single, 'Don't Stop Believin''. Abdurraqib concludes the poem with an aside on music as a saving grace: and so maybe this is why grandma said a piano can coax even the most vicious of ghosts out of a body. And so maybe this is why my father would stare at the empty spaces my mother once occupied, sit me down at a baby grand and whisper play me something, child.