bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Auxiliary Features‐Guided Super Resolution for Monte Carlo Rendering
Authors: Hou Qiqi , Liu Feng
Published: October 2023

This paper investigates super‐resolution to reduce the number of pixels to render and thus speed up Monte Carlo rendering algorithms. While great progress has been made to super‐resolution technologies, it is essentially an ill‐posed problem and cannot recover high‐frequency details in renderings. To address this problem, we exploit high‐resolution auxiliary features to guide super‐resolution of low‐resolution renderings. These high‐resolution auxiliary features can be quickly rendered by a rendering engine and at the same time provide valuable high‐frequency details to assist super‐resolution. To this end, we develop a cross‐modality transformer network that consists of an auxiliary feature branch and a low‐resolution rendering branch. These two branches are designed to fuse high‐resolution auxiliary features with the corresponding low‐resolution rendering. Furthermore, we design Residual Densely Connected Swin Transformer groups to learn to extract representative features to enable high‐quality super‐resolution. Our experiments show that our auxiliary features‐guided super‐resolution method outperforms both super‐resolution methods and Monte Carlo denoising methods in producing high‐quality renderings.
The effect of triangular cross‐section neck design on crestal bone stability in the anterior mandible: A retrospective study with a 5‐year follow‐up
Authors: Tokuc Berkay , Kan Bahadır
Published: October 2023

Objectives

The objective of this study, which included a 5‐year follow‐up, was to compare peri‐implant soft tissue health, crestal bone loss (CBL), and buccal bone thickness (BBT) around triangular cross‐section neck (TN) or round neck (RN) implants, using cone‐beam computed tomography.

Materials and Methods

This study was initially designed as a prospective 1‐year randomized controlled study and then extended with a 5‐year retrospective evaluation of clinical and radiographic records. In the initial 1‐year study, a total of 20edentulous patients receiving 40 implants with similar diameters were randomly assigned to the RN or TN groups using a split‐mouth design. Pocket probing depths (PPD), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were recorded at postoperative month 12. CBL and BBT at three levels (0, −2, and −4 mm) were evaluated 1 year after insertion. Five years after insertion, PPD, PI, GI, CBL, and BBT were recorded as patients were recalled for clinical and radiographic monitoring.

Results

Nineteen patients completed the study. After 5 years, no significant differences in PPD, PI, and GI scores and BBT values between the two groups (p > .05). The mean ± SD CBL values at the final follow‐up visit were −0.71 ± 0.69 mm for TN and −1.03 ± 0.86 mm for RN (p < .01).

Conclusions

These results suggest better crestal bone preservation using implants with TN when compared to RN after a 5‐year follow‐up. However, TN showed similar results to RN regarding peri‐implant soft tissue health and BBT.
The cost‐effectiveness of primary care referral to a UK commercial weight loss programme
Authors: Meads D. M. , Hulme C. T. , Hall P. , Hill A. J.
Published: October 2023

Primary care referral to commercial weight loss programmes that follow best practice is included in current UK guidance on the management of adult obesity. This study investigated whether such a programme was cost‐effective compared with usual care. A decision‐analytical Markov model was developed to estimate the lifetime costs and benefits of the referral programme compared with usual care and enable a cost‐utility analysis. The model cohort transited between body mass index classifications and type 2 diabetes, stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) with risk, cost and effect parameter values taken from published literature. The cost per incremental quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) was calculated. Extensive deterministic and scenario sensitivity analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were conducted. At 12 months, the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio was £6906, indicating that programme referral was cost‐effective. Over a lifetime, referral to the commercial programme was dominant as it led to a cost saving of £924 and conferred incremental benefit (0.22 QALY) over usual care. Model simulations estimated lower lifetime rates of type 2 diabetes, stroke and MI as a result of the weight loss achieved. The results were robust to extensive sensitivity analyses. The PSA indicated that programme referral had a 68% chance of being cost‐effective at a willingness to pay per incremental QALY threshold of £20 000. Referral to the programme dominated usual care, being both cheaper and more effective. These results compare favourably with economic evaluations of other obesity interventions and add to a growing evidence base on the cost‐effectiveness of commercial weight loss providers and practices.
Dual Sec62/Ki67 immunocytochemistry of liquid‐based cytological preparations represents a highly valid biomarker for non‐invasive detection of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Kühn Jan Philipp , Speicher Stefanie , Linxweiler Barbara , Körner Sandrina , Rimbach Hugo , Wagner Mathias , Solomayer Erich Franz , Schick Bernhard , Linxweiler Maximilian
Published: October 2023

Background

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are frequently diagnosed in advanced stages, which limits therapeutic options and results in persistently poor patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to use liquid‐based swab cytology (LBC) in combination with dual immunocytochemical detection of migration and proliferation markers Sec62 and Ki67 in order to allow non‐invasive early detection of HNSCC as well as to analyse the diagnostic validity of this method for predicting the malignancy of suspicious oral lesions.

Methods

104 HNSCC patients and 28 control patients, including healthy patients (n = 17), papilloma (n = 1) and leukoplakia patients (n = 10), were included in this study. For all patients, an LBC swab followed by simultaneous immunocytochemical detection of Sec62 and Ki67 was performed. Immunocytochemical as well as cytopathological results were correlated with histological diagnoses and clinical findings.

Results

All HNSCC patients (100%) showed dual Sec62/Ki67 positivity, and all control patients except for the papilloma patient were negative for Sec62/Ki67 (96.4%), resulting in a 100% sensitivity and 96.4% specificity of Sec62/Ki67 dual stain for non‐invasive detection of HNSCC. The positive predictive value was 99% and the negative predictive value was 100%. Sec62 expression levels showed a positive correlation with tumour de‐differentiation (p = 0.0489).

Conclusion

Simultaneous immunocytochemical detection of Sec62/Ki67 using LBC represents a promising non‐invasive and easy‐to‐apply tool for the early detection of HNSCC in routine clinical practice. This novel technique can help to avoid incisional biopsies and reduce the frequency with which general anaesthesia is used in diagnostic procedures in patients with suspicious oral lesions.
Designing for the Base of the Pyramid By Patrick Whitney and Anjeli Kelkar
Authors: Nussbaum Bruce
Published: October 2023

Designing for complex systems is at the pioneering edge of the design field. Designing for the complex systems of the slums of India or Africa takes us even further. This piece by Patrick Whitney, dean of the Institute of Design (ID) at the Illinois Institute of Technology, and Anjali Kelkar, who was at that time a research associate at ID and now works for Steelcase, highlights how far we have come in creating methodologies of understanding for the field of design itself.

One of the most important issues of design is social complexity. Products and services exist within deep cultural and social norms and networks. Designing without taking this context into account usually dooms the designer and the design. For over a decade now, Whitney has been leading an effort to create a systematic methodology of discovery and measurement of need and fulfillment, especially at The Base of the Pyramid. The framework is able to sift through the myriad of forces helping people poor to focus on one or two factors that can be improved and through their improvement, leverage the betterment of peoples' lives.

In this article, we get a look at ID's research in India. It shows that lack of access to clean water and financial credit are two of the most important factors in keeping people poor. ID goes further and designs a new clean water delivery business model. It could service a critical need, as well as employ local people. ID has also designed a business model to provide credit to poor people at the bottom of the pyramid.

Of course, this approach to design should be applied to the entire pyramid—bottom, middle, and top. The power of design needs to be applied throughout society in all societies.
The Design Challenge By Tom Peters
Authors: Solomon Ellen J.
Published: October 2023

Though it has been more than 25 years since Tom Peters wrote about “the notion that design should be considered a valuable corporate asset,” that imperative is even more compelling today. Given both globalization and the rapid advance of technology, a major way that businesses can gain a competitive advantage is through disruptive innovation.

To achieve such disruptive innovation, organizations need inspiring leaders who embrace transformational change; who hire and reward creative thinkers and risk‐takers; who create and cultivate a compelling vision that obsesses on customer‐satisfaction; who nurture a culture in which they create, reinforce, and model values in an environment that enables creativity, experimentation, prototyping, and collaboration.

What Peters pointed out then is still true today: Design managers and leaders must make the business case for the strategic value of design upfront and throughout the organization so that the kind of thinking that is based on observation and other data‐gathering methods, ideation, and implementation keeps the customers front and center and contributes to the business strategy. For when both business and design leaders understand and share the mindset that design drives business value, then we can move forward with effective human‐centered solutions to complex customer, organizational, and societal issues.

When Tom Peters makes the case for design as a business resource, he delivers his message with wit, clarity, and a wealth of down‐to‐earth examples. In the arena of products, he hails perception as “all there is,” and notes how design shapes perception. With respect to being close to customers—be they employees, suppliers, or consumers—design is cited as a bridge to these constituencies. And in the realm of organizational management, design is celebrated as responsive leadership, as loving change, and as being passionate about quality and detail.
Design in Business Education: A Square Peg in a Round World? By Thomas Lockwood
Authors: Nixon Natalie
Published: October 2023

I was pleased to re‐read Tom's 2002 article for two reasons: First, because I am impressed by how spot‐on his assessment was at the time; and second, because it is no longer (completely) true. What a relief!

In today's United States, programs such as the Strategic Design MBA at Philadelphia University, as well as the design MBA degrees at the California College of Art in San Francisco, the Institute of Design in Chicago, and MICA/Johns Hopkins in Baltimore are resounding proof of integrative approaches in an MBA context. Design thinking and systems thinking are interwoven into the ways these programs teach leadership, operations, marketing, and finance. Additionally, business schools such as Rotman at the University of Toronto and Darden at the University of Virginia have robust business design studios and design thinking modules. Other traditional MBA programs are at least now offering one course in design thinking, if not integrating it throughout their program; and their students, if not the faculty at large, have formed “innovation clubs”—code for “This is a safe space for creativity and design thinking.”

It is no longer the rule that graduate business education draws a deep demarcation between creativity and strategy. That is a false dichotomy and, as Tom wrote, there is a “rising importance of corporate creativity.” Of course, relative to the UK, Europe, and Asia, the democratization of design in business‐school curricula is still novel. But the “gridlock of curriculum tradition” and accreditation metrics that impeded innovation in graduate business education are melting away and becoming more fluid. This is mainly because the gaps that Tom so rightly identified between design practitioners and business managers, and between industry's embrace of design thinking and academia's reluctant gaze, has been bridged by academic upstarts who are responding to the market's demand to “give us more than a SWOT analysis!”

Tom concluded that it could take 10 years before business educators embraced the value of design. He was pretty close. Although it is still true that academia lags behind the current of industry, it is encouraging that there are an increasing number of tributaries in business education forging ahead.
The Miracle of Han River: Korean Government Policy and Design Management in the Motor Industry By Kyung‐Won Chung
Authors: Bencuya Sue
Published: October 2023

If you are currently studying design or business, you surely should be learning about all the places in which they intersect. And there are a lot of people who might say that the physical intersection of design and business is currently located in Seoul, South Korea. Just read Euny Hong's bookThe Birth of Korean Cool, and you'll see what I mean.

As chair of industrial design at KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology), Kyung‐Won Chung has been a friend of DMI since its earliest days—1981, in fact, when he met Peter Lawrence, DMI's first director, at a design forum—and he has served on DMI's advisory board for 11 years. Not only is he the Seoul Metropolitan Government's chief design officer, but he is also its deputy mayor. In 2010, he oversaw Seoul's status as a World Design Capital. He also established the Korea Institute of Design Management (KIDM).

I had the great pleasure of working with Dr. Chung (and his colleague Dr. Yu‐Jin Kim) on a DMI/KIDM case study of Hyundai Motor that is now available from Harvard Business School Press. DMI's case study program began in the mid‐1980s, when then‐president Earl Powell (in collaboration with Harvard Business School) commissioned more than a dozen case studies in a program directed by the late Karen Freeze, then director of research at DMI. It is safe to say that for many, many business students, these case studies provided an introduction to design and design management.

“The Miracle of Han River” was written in 1993, but it still remains an excellent overview of the past (and speculation on the future) of the Korean auto industry. Read on to the end for some recently‐added commentary from Dr. Chung.
What Are You Doing with My Data?
Authors: O'Connor Paul
Published: October 2023

Consumers know that companies are mining their online purchases for data. What companies don't seem to understand is that the consumers might want to see and use that data too.

Companies have gotten good at collecting data. It would be even better if they could use it to create value. As consumers, that would be good for us, too.
Design Goes to Lunch – at the USDA
Authors: Lazier Meghan
Published: October 2023

It's a case study—and a microcosm of design‐based innovation within the US federal government.

The National School Lunch Program had two problems. It was rife with improper payments, and there were kids who qualified but were still going hungry. That's how the Innovation Lab got involved.
Translating Design Policy into a State Design Commission: Maryland
Authors: Yoffee Stephanie F.
Published: October 2023

Three years ago, a legislative effort began to establish the first state design commission in the United States—a design policy specific to the state of Maryland that will benefit its economy and the quality of life of its citizens.

For civic‐minded designers who want to bring the benefits of design to their home states, here's an overview of how it's done.
Q&A
Authors: McCullagh Kevin
Published: October 2023

With experience in design, marketing, engineering, and social forecasting, Plan's Kevin McCullagh is never short of an opinion.
Mobile Games and Player Communities: Designing for and with Clans
Authors: Lehtonen Miikka J. , Harviainen J. Tuomas
Published: October 2023

Clash Royale, a highly successful mobile game, and its developer Supercell use player communities—clans—as design tools. It's a precarious balance; player communities may yield massive amounts of data, but it's up to the developer to build design management practices to ensure the uniqueness of the offering.

Have you ever wondered, playing that game on your cell phone, what kind of business model these games represent? And how design is involved?
Q&A Interview of Jerry Kathman (DMI Board Chair)
Authors: Bilson Carole
Published: October 2023

A DMI luminary, and successful global design entrepreneur reflects on his career, past and future, and the significance of the role of design management and DMI.
The Other Side of Patents: What Design Can Gain from Looking Beyond the Lawsuits
Authors: Hages Michael
Published: October 2023

Designers can take significant steps to making patent searches less daunting and more useful by becoming more involved in the process. By looking at patents within an overall design strategy, it's possible to lessen the conflict that often arises between design and patent lawyers.

Designers think of patent search as an integral and useful part of the overall design strategy, and landing a patent (or several) may be in your future.
Teaching Diversity in Design
Authors: Rittner Jennifer
Published: October 2023

An educator offers her thoughts on addressing questions of diversity and inclusion with design students.
Forty years of soil research funded by the European Commission: Trends and future. A systematic review of research projects
Authors: Arias‐Navarro Cristina , Panagos P. , Jones A. , Amaral M. J. , Schneegans A. , Van Liedekerke M. , Wojda P. , Montanarella L.
Published: October 2023

The European Green Deal with its high ambition has set the European Union (EU) on a promising path towards greater soil protection. The EU Soil Strategy 2030, the Biodiversity Strategy 2030, the Farm to Fork Strategy, the Zero Pollution, the Nature Restoration Law and the European Climate Law, among others, include actions to protect our soils. Research and Innovation (R&I) will play a key role in developing new knowledge and tools enabling the transition to healthy soils. The main aim of this paper is to analyse past and near‐future trends in EU's funding for R&I on soil‐related issues. For this purpose, a review of EU‐funded soil projects was conducted based on the data available in the Community Research and Development Information Service and the official portal for European data. Our analysis shows that over the past 40 years, the EU has invested significantly in developing integrated knowledge about the relationships between soil functions and ecosystem services and how human‐induced pressures affect soil health. Following the adoption of the EU Soil Thematic Strategy in 2006, there was an increase in research funding for soil‐related research. Furthermore, our analysis also illustrates an interesting interplay of permanent and changing soil themes. The Horizon Europe Mission ‘A Soil Deal for Europe’, which aims to establish a network of 100 living labs and lighthouses to lead the transition towards healthy soils and safeguard human and planetary health by 2030, provides a further incentive for soil research. Together with the EU Soil Strategy 2030 and the new proposal for a Directive on Soil Monitoring and Resilience (Soil Monitoring Law), and the EU Soil Observatory (EUSO), the three instruments set up the political framework, concrete measures, and a monitoring system needed for the protection, restoration and sustainable use of soils.
Evaluation of aspiration risk by relatives of inpatients in the neurology service: A metaphor analysis
Authors: Kaş Canan , Çakır Filiz Ö. , Kocatürk İdris
Published: October 2023

Background

The risk of aspiration is high in stroke patients due to dysphagia/loss of swallowing. This problem can cause problems affecting the nutrition of patients. Due to the possible risk of aspiration during feeding, patient relatives are hesitant to feed their patients. Because of this fear, malnutrition and hospital readmissions may increase. It is important to evaluate the fear of aspiration risk of relatives of patients hospitalized in the neurology service. The aim of this study is to determine the views of the relatives of patients treated in the neurology service about the risk of aspiration through metaphors.

Method

This article analyzed metaphors of patients' relatives' about the risk of aspiration. The analysis uses metaphor identification and analysis. The research sample consisted of 31 patients. First of all, in the study, evaluation of the data was conducted by performing content analysis, as a result of which it was divided into metaphors and conceptual categories, and the relevant field was associated with the text (event, thought, feelings, related in speech or writing). In the reporting of research, the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist was used.

Results

It was seen that the patients' relatives produced 31 different metaphors in response to the statement ‘Aspiration risk is like …, because it is …’ The patients' relatives mostly compared the concept of ‘fear of aspiration’ to the concept of ‘fear’ (n: 24).

Conclusions

In this study, relatives mostly described the concept of fear related to the risk of aspiration. According to this result, patients' relatives have a great fear of aspiration increasing the risk of readmission to hospital and of malnutrition. This result shows that informing patients' relatives will increase awareness and will allow them to provide informed care.

Patient and Public Contribution

Collaborated with patients and their relatives regarding the risk of aspiration and contributed to the planning of care for the risk of aspiration.
Science and sacrifice: the pioneering journey of Dora Lush
Authors: Ko Kerry , Borger Jessica G
Published: October 2023

In 1943, Australian scientist Miss Dora Lush's life was tragically cut short in her relentless pursuit of scientific knowledge. This article commemorates the 100‐year anniversary of the journal, ICB, by celebrating the remarkable career of Lush, a renowned bacteriologist who achieved unparalleled success in an era when women faced formidable barriers to tertiary education and scientific recognition. Graduating with a Master of Science from the University of Melbourne in 1934, Lush's ground‐breaking research in infectious diseases, conducted in collaboration with Frank Macfarlane Burnet AO at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (WEHI), played a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of viruses, including influenza, herpes and myxomatosis. Lush's pivotal work on influenza provided the foundational evidence to develop the influenza vaccine, a cornerstone of global public health today. Similarly, her investigation of myxoma virus in rabbits, with its potential for pest control and ecological impact, was used to instruct creation of the world's first biological control program against a mammalian pest. Tragically, Dora Lush succumbed to scrub fever in 1943, a disease she contracted during a laboratory accident. Her unwavering commitment to science led her to offer her own blood for research as she battled the infection, exemplifying her dedication to advancing knowledge even in the face of personal adversity. Lush's legacy endures through scholarships and fellowships that bear her name in Australia, fostering the careers of aspiring scientists. Her ground‐breaking research and unwavering determination continue to inspire generations, reminding us of the importance of diversity in science and the enduring impact of pioneering women like Lush.
Toward an emerging model of healthcare access: A theoretical framework
Authors: Adigun Shade
Published: October 2023

Aim

To conceptualize an emerging framework of healthcare access for foreign‐born persons based on well‐known access models in the United States.

Background

The COVID‐19 outbreak significantly impacted all global communities, disproportionately affecting people of color and highlighting preexisting health disparities. Health and immigration policies concerning healthcare access for foreign‐born people were examined. Regarding access to social benefits in the United States, the Affordable Care Act underscored initial restrictions imposed by the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 and the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act in 1996 on certain underserved groups.

Methods

Guided by the study's aim, electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL, were queried for relevant nursing‐related literature published on Penchansky's and Andersen's models from 1968 to 2022. Compared with Penchansky's model, Andersen's model outcome measures have evolved over the years in response to dynamic health policy issues.

Results

Penchansky's model has five constructs in its original form, whereas Andersen's model has three. The current study shows that each existing access model provides a unique method for evaluating various policies. In some cases, the studies are limited to a simple application of the original model with few modifications in studies specific to foreign‐born groups in the United States.

Discussion

There is a dearth of systematic theorization of access that incorporates social justice and health equity. Health disparities were further explained using metrics from existing access models.

Conclusions

An emerging access model conceptualizing existing access models was proposed, using constructs framed within the basic tenets of health equity and social justice.

Implications for nursing and health policy

Applying the emerging model's constructs to future studies is anticipated to highlight opportunities for stakeholders such as policymakers, healthcare providers, nursing professionals, and community leaders to support programs that could further reduce health disparities.
Hydrotherapy in two black‐tufted marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) with metabolic bone disease—Case reports (2018–2020)
Authors: Telles Letícia Prata Juliano Dimatteu , Martins Matheus Rabello de Figuereido Carvalho Krüger , Herter Júlia Vieira , Hirano Líria Querioz Luz
Published: October 2023

Integrative medicine has gained space in veterinary medicine and hydrotherapy is mainly used as an adjunct on the treatment of neurological and musculoskeletal diseases. Use of this therapeutic modality in wild animals has seldom been reported. This article describes the use of hydrotherapy in two Callithrix penicillata patients with metabolic bone disease.
Price Commitments in Standard Setting under Asymmetric Information*
Authors: Boone Jan , Schuett Florian , Tarantino Emanuele
Published: October 2023

Standards may create market power for the holders of standard essential patents (SEPs). To address these concerns, the literature advocates price commitments, whereby SEP holders commit to the maximum royalty they would charge were their technology included in the standard. We consider a setting in which a technology implementer holds private information about profitability. In this setting, price commitments increase efficiency not only by curbing SEP holders' market power, but also by alleviating distortions in the design of the royalty scheme. We derive conditions under which price commitments can be implemented using a simple royalty cap as used in practice.
Performance and bone characteristics of broilers fed diets supplemented with vitamin A at different concentrations
Authors: Savaris Vaneila D. L. , Pozza Paulo C. , Polese Clauber , de Vargas José G. , Pavlak Maira S. D. , Wachholz Lucas , Vieira Bruno S. , Tesser Guilherme L. S. , de Oliveira Carvalho Paulo L. , Eyng Cinthia , Nunes Ricardo V.
Published: October 2023

This work evaluated the influence of vitamin A on performance, organ weight, and bone and skin characteristics in broilers (Cobb 500) at 21 and 42 days of age. A total of 1920 chickens were distributed in a randomised design, considering six vitamin A supplementation levels (0, 6000, 16,000, 26,000, 36,000, and 46,000 IU kg−1), with 16 replicates and 20 chickens per experimental unit, established due to rising the range of vitamin levels observed in the literature to evaluate the effect of vitamin A on broilers. At 22 days, half of the replicates from each treatment continued receiving the initial diet, and the other eight repetitions received diets without vitamin A (0 IU kg−1) until 42 days. The level of vitamin A influenced feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) until 21 days for all treatments. Broilers at 21 days of age had a more significant BWG at a vitamin A supplementation level of 28,209 IU kg−1. At 42 days, vitamin A influenced the BWG and FI of broilers at treatments that were not supplemented after 21 days. Treatments supplemented up to 42 days showed quadratic responses to vitamin A for BWG, FI, and feed conversion. The vitamin A levels influenced the relative weights of the small intestine, pancreas, gizzard, abdominal fat, Seedor index, and breaking strength at 42 days, where the adequate supplementation of vitamin A improved these characteristics in broilers. Vitamin A supplementation from 22 to 42 days old did not affect broiler performance. An increased BWG was obtained when vitamin A supplementation occurred until 42 days, with supplementation of 29,375 IU kg−1 and a lower response of feed conversion with the addition of 27,775 IU kg−1.
Bequeathing “new sincerity” in the age of the homo digitalis: Confessionalism and authorial self‐consciousness in David Foster Wallace and Bo Burnham
Authors: Lopez‐Sande Sergio
Published: October 2023

The notion of “New Sincerity” has become central to the study of David Foster Wallace's prose over the years. The present article explores how the tonal arrangement that characterises the movement has lived on to influence contemporary art, examining Bo Burnham's popular comedy musicals as a notable example of this influence. Wallace and Burnham's common stance concerning cultural reception is argued to be indissociable from their socio‐cultural setting, with the two authors articulating parallel responses to an ongoing, multifaceted process of massification of public opinion, as well as to the consequences to cultural poiesis therein entailed.
The moderating role of age and seniority on nurses' emotional dissonance and perceived health
Authors: Pace Francesco , Sciotto Giulia , Randazzo Naomi Alexia , Russo Lorenzo
Published: October 2023

This study aims to investigate the weight of surface acting (a condition in which subjects must display an emotional state that does not correspond to their real feelings) in the relationship between the emotional load of nursing work and the perception of health, and to evaluate the moderating effect of age and length of service. A moderated mediation analysis was conducted on a sample of 359 Italian nurses. The results confirmed the mediation role of surface acting and showed that both age and seniority have moderating effects so that in conditions of high emotional load, older and more experienced nurses show higher levels of surface acting, and in conditions of high surface acting, younger and less experienced nurses show lower levels of perceived health. In conclusion, surface acting seems a stressor for younger nurses, not yet used to the weight of faking emotions, while the perceived emotional load seems a stressor for older and more experienced nurses. Each result highlights the importance of providing emotional regulation skills training and support to reduce the psychological impact of emotional demands on nurses.
NUA positively regulates plant immunity by coordination with ESD4 to deSUMOylate TPR1 in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xie Bao , Luo Mingyu , Li Qiuyi , Shao Jing , Chen Desheng , Somers David E. , Tang Dingzhong , Shi Hua
Published: October 2023

Nuclear pore complex (NPC) is composed of multiple nucleoporins (Nups). A plethora of studies have highlighted the significance of NPC in plant immunity. However, the specific roles of individual Nups are poorly understood.

NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR (NUA) is a component of NPC. Loss of NUA leads to an increase in SUMO conjugates and pleiotropic developmental defects in Arabidopsis thaliana. Herein, we revealed that NUA is required for plant defense against multiple pathogens.

NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR associates with the transcriptional corepressor TOPLESS‐RELATED1 (TPR1) and contributes to TPR1 deSUMOylation. Significantly, NUA‐interacting protein EARLY IN SHORT DAYS 4 (ESD4), a SUMO protease, specifically deSUMOylates TPR1. It has been previously established that the SUMO E3 ligase SAP AND MIZ1 DOMAIN‐CONTAINING LIGASE 1 (SIZ1)‐mediated SUMOylation of TPR1 represses the immune‐related function of TPR1. Consistent with this notion, the hyper‐SUMOylated TPR1 in nua‐3 leads to upregulated expression of TPR1 target genes and compromised TPR1‐mediated disease resistance.

Taken together, our work uncovers a mechanism by which NUA positively regulates plant defense responses by coordination with ESD4 to deSUMOylate TPR1. Our findings, together with previous studies, reveal a regulatory module in which SIZ1 and NUA/ESD4 control the homeostasis of TPR1 SUMOylation to maintain proper immune output.
Dying for a cause: The pathogenic manipulation of cell death and efferocytic pathways
Authors: Cooper Kelley N. , Potempa Jan , Bagaitkar Juhi
Published: October 2023

Cell death is a natural consequence of infection. However, although the induction of cell death was solely thought to benefit the pathogen, compelling data now show that the activation of cell death pathways serves as a nuanced antimicrobial strategy that couples pathogen elimination with the generation of inflammatory cytokines and the priming of innate and adaptive cellular immunity. Following cell death, the phagocytic uptake of the infected dead cell by antigen‐presenting cells and the subsequent lysosomal fusion of the apoptotic body containing the pathogen serve as an important antimicrobial mechanism that furthers the development of downstream adaptive immune responses. Despite the complexity of regulated cell death pathways, pathogens are highly adept at evading them. Here, we provide an overview of the remarkable diversity of cell death and efferocytic pathways and discuss illustrative examples of virulence strategies employed by pathogens, including oral pathogens, to counter their activation and persist within the host.
Advancing the frontiers of genomic public administration: From genetics to administrative attitudes, behaviors, and practices
Authors: Tao Lei , Tang Shui‐Yan , Wen Bo
Published: October 2023

Biology's increasing applicability to the social sciences can inspire new approaches to public administration research and practice. Drawing on advances in behavioral genetics, genomic public administration may push its frontiers by examining the genetic foundations of administrative behaviors. While public administration scholars have pioneered the use of the twin design to assess the heritability of public sector employment and public service motivation, they may also use molecular genetics to explore how specific genes interact with environmental factors to shape administrative attitudes, traits, and behaviors. We highlight how relevant studies in management and political science may serve as models for similar explorations in public administration. We also outline four research agendas for genomic public administration. In addition to complementing traditional public administration theory by examining the genetic roots of administrative behaviors and practices, genomic public administration may enrich genetic inquiries by adding public sector applications.
Summing Up What Can Never be Summed Up: A Meditation on the Work and Legacy of Charles L. Bosk
Authors: Bosk Emily Adlin , Kempner Joanna , Armstrong Elizabeth Mitchell
Published: October 2023

This special issue of “The Forum” publishes Charles L. Bosk's final work—a book proposal written for a trade audience titled—The Price of Perfection: The Cost of Error. Five noted scholars Carol Heimer, Carla Keirns, Mark Neuman, Julia Szymczak, and Stefan Timmermans offer commentary. Their essays touch on common themes: Bosk's humanity, his wry sense of humor, and keen ability to highlight the absurdity of the social organization of contemporary medicine alongside the sacred obligation that accompanies caring for the sick. Together, the book proposal and these five essays focus our attention on the impact Bosk's scholarship had in medicine, sociology, and the patient safety movement.
Storage in the deep aquifer: Stochastic process in time and frequency domain using groundwater level response to seismic activation of the Tohoku earthquake, Japan, 2011
Authors: Shih David Ching‐Fang
Published: October 2023

This study delves into the interplay of Rayleigh wave‐groundwater‐aquifer dynamics, utilizing seismic data from designated stations, particularly the magnitude 9 event on March 11, 2011 (02:46:23 PM epicenter), Tohoku earthquake, Japan. Auto spectra uncover significant peaks, linking groundwater level with the vertical motion of Rayleigh waves. High coherence between groundwater levels and seismogram vertical displacements confirms this connection. Coherence analysis validates it at the significant frequency bands. Groundwater storage coefficient estimation aligns with typical values of confined aquifers, ranging from 1.0E‐05 to 1.0E‐03. This consistency applies across different methods and other earthquake events, highlighting seismic impact. The findings enhance understanding of aquifer behavior during seismic events, aiding groundwater management and earthquake readiness in susceptible regions. Further research should expand datasets for coefficient accuracy. Insights advance aquifer behavior comprehension during seismic events, guiding groundwater management and earthquake readiness in prone areas.
Tools and Ontologies for the Aggregation and Management of Cypriot Archaeological Datasets
Authors:   Cyprus Institute, Vassallo Valentina , Theodoridou Maria ,   Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Felicetti Achille ,   Università degli Studi di Firenze, Avgousti Avgoustinos ,   Cyprus Institute
Published: October 2023

This article focuses on the aggregation of Cypriot archaeological datasets, digitally archived in local repositories, into the ARIADNE portal. It considers, in particular, the development of an application profile for inscriptions and presents the integration of two collections, consisting of ancient coins and inscriptions carved on stones. It highlights the tools and ontologies developed for the aggregation and management of these digital resources, as well as the related pipeline and activities. The issues encountered are also presented, plus the solutions adopted and the successful results in the data aggregation of these collections into the infrastructure. Currently, thanks to the pipeline, and the semantic tools developed and used in ARIADNE, a collection of Cypriot medieval coins and a corpus of Ancient Greek inscriptions are now more widely accessible to the archaeological community.
A Review on Low-Temperature Performance Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhan Jincheng , Deng Yifei , Gao Yaohui , Ren Jiaoyi , Liu Yuang , Rao Shun , Li Weifeng , Gao Zhenhai , Chen Yupeng
Published: October 2023

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage power stations and other portable devices for their high energy densities, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. However, they still face several challenges. Low-temperature environments have slowed down the use of LIBs by significantly deteriorating their normal performance. This review aims to resolve this issue by clarifying the phenomenon and reasons for the deterioration of LIB performance at low temperatures. From the perspective of system management, this review summarizes and analyzes the common performance-improving methods from two aspects including preheating and charging optimization and then depicts the future development of methods in this regard. This review is expected to inspire further studies for the improvement of the LIB performance at low temperatures.
An Accurate Explicit Six-Parameter Solar Cell Model Based on Single-Diode and Its Parameter Extraction for Seven Photovoltaic Technologies
Authors: Dávalos-Orozco Óscar , Rodrigo Pedro M. , Brambila-Paz Fernando , Rosas-Caro Julio C.
Published: October 2023

The mathematical modeling of solar cells and panels is critical in many photovoltaic applications. However, the standard single-diode solar cell model, commonly selected to model these devices, is implicit and difficult to integrate into simulation software. Therefore, exact explicit solutions of this model, more suitable for computing purposes, have been proposed based on the Lambert W-function. This work introduces an explicit single-diode, easy-to-use six-parameter solar cell model. The proposed model is formulated with elementary functions. The model is developed and tested over seven photovoltaic technologies as an alternative to traditional approaches. Results of the extensive comparison of the three models (implicit, explicit Lambert W, and explicit six-parameter) show that the proposed approach is more accurate (14.81% relative improvement on average compared to the traditional methods), almost as fast as the Lambert W approach and much faster than the implicit approach. Due to its simplicity and accuracy, the proposed model will become an alternative in photovoltaic applications such as energy prediction and maximum power point tracking.
The role of the minor colonization factor CS14 in adherence to intestinal cell models by geographically diverse ETEC isolates
Authors: Smith Emily M. , Papadimas Antonia , Gabor Caitlin , Cooney Ceanna , Wu Tao , Rasko David , Barry Eileen M.
Published: October 2023

Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) is a primary causative agent of diarrhea in travelers and young children in low- to middle-income countries. ETEC adheres to small intestinal epithelia via colonization factors (CFs) and secretes heat-stable toxin and/or heat-labile toxin, causing dysregulated ion transport and water secretion. There are over 30 CFs identified, including major CFs associated with moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and minor CFs for which a role in pathogenesis is less clear. The Global Enteric Multicenter Study identified CS14, a class 5a fimbriae, as the only minor CF significantly associated with MSD and was recommended for inclusion in ETEC vaccines. Despite detection of CS14 in ETEC isolates, the sequence conservation of the CS14 operon, its role in adherence, and functional cross-reactivity to other class 5a fimbriae like CFA/I and CS4 are not understood. Sequence analysis determined that the CS14 operon is >99.9% identical among seven geographically diverse isolates with expanded sequence analysis demonstrating SNPs exclusively in the gene encoding the tip adhesin CsuD. Western blots and electron microscopy demonstrated that CS14 expression required the growth of isolates on CFA agar with the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate. CS14 expression resulted in significantly increased adherence to cultured intestinal cells and human enteroids. Anti-CS14 antibodies and anti-CS4 antibodies, but not anti-CFA/I antibodies, inhibited the adherence of a subset of ETEC isolates, demonstrating CS14-specific inhibition with partial cross-reactivity within the class 5a fimbrial family. These data provide support for CS14 as an important fimbrial CF and its consideration as a vaccine antigen in future strategies.

IMPORTANCE

Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) infection causes profuse watery diarrhea in adults and children in low- to middle-income countries and is a leading cause of traveler's diarrhea. Despite increased use of rehydration therapies, young children especially can suffer long-term effects including gastrointestinal dysfunction as well as stunting and malnutrition. As there is no licensed vaccine for ETEC, there remains a need to identify and understand specific antigens for inclusion in vaccine strategies. This study investigated one adhesin named CS14. This adhesin is expressed on the bacterial surface of ETEC isolates and was recently recognized for its significant association with diarrheal disease. We demonstrated that CS14 plays a role in bacterial adhesion to human target cells, a critical first step in the disease process, and that adherence could be blocked by CS14-specific antibodies. This work will significantly impact the ETEC field by supporting inclusion of CS14 as an antigen for ETEC vaccines.
Akkermansia muciniphila
supplementation improves glucose tolerance in intestinal
Ffar4
knockout mice during the daily light to dark transition
Authors: Wang Zhe , Cui Siyuan , Zhang TingTing , Wang Wei , Li JiaYu , Chen Y. Q. , Zhu Sheng long
Published: October 2023

Disruption of blood glucose utilization may lead to diabetes mellitus, which has complex genetic and environmental aspects, and free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) may bridge the genetic and dietary aspects. FFAR4 has been identified as a new target for diabetes treatment, and it is essential to investigate how FFAR4 affects glucose homeostasis. FFAR4 knockout mice have been shown to cause severely impaired glucose tolerance under high-fat feeding conditions; however, the findings in FFAR4 knockout mice under chow diet conditions seem to be contradictory. Blood glucose utilization in mice under chow diet conditions is thought to show diurnal rhythmicity. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of FFAR4 in glucose utilization rhythm and explore the possible mechanism. Total
Ffar4
and gut-specific
Ffar4
knockout mice both showed a clear diurnal rhythm in glucose tolerance. However, deletion of total
Ffar4
and gut-specific
Ffar4
both deteriorate glucose tolerance at the daily light to dark transition (ZT12) in mice. We show that intestinal FFAR4 deficiency leads to significant changes in fecal microbiota at different ZTs. 16S rRNA sequencing results suggested that
Akkermansia muciniphila
was the main target of intestinal FFAR4 at ZT12.
Akkermansia muciniphila
supplementation significantly improved the impaired glucose tolerance at ZT12 in mice with gut-specific
Ffar4
deletion and was accompanied by recovery of serum hormone level and transcripts of key genes in glucose metabolism.

IMPORTANCE

Alterations in the intestinal environment are associated with various diseases, and FFAR4 is abundantly enriched in the intestine, where it has been shown to have the ability to regulate intestinal hormone secretion and intestinal microbiota; here, we confirmed previous reports. Meanwhile, we found that intestinal FFAR4 regulates glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion by decreasing
Akkermansia muciniphila
abundance and show that such change is associated with the level of glucose utilization at ZT12 in mice. Intestinal FFAR4 deficiency leads to severely impaired glucose tolerance at the ZT12 moment in mice, and
Akkermansia muciniphila
supplementation ameliorates the abnormal glucose utilization at the ZT12 moment caused by FFAR4 deficiency, which is very similar to the dawn phenomenon in diabetic patients. Collectively, our data suggest that intestinal
Ffar4
deteriorates glucose tolerance at the daily light to dark transition by affecting
Akkermansia muciniphila
.