bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific ratios of macronutrient intake may help reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in people aged 55 years and older in northern China
Authors: Gao Xian , Zhou Yutian , Huang Xin , Sun Yan , Zhu Huichen , Zhou Meiqi , Li Qingxia , Zhang Limin , Lv Shuaishuai , Ge Jun , Ma Yuxia
Published: August 2022

Background
A growing body of evidence suggests a link between diet and depression. However, the existing research conclusions are inconsistent.
Objective
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the association between dietary macronutrient intake and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
We collected data on the diets of middle-aged and elderly people in northern China and assessed depression status. The relationship between dietary macronutrient intake and risk of depressive symptoms was explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS), and the combined effect among macronutrients was further explored using the generalized additive models (GAMs).
Results
Of 3,095 study subjects, 808 (26.11%) were assessed as having depressive symptoms. An RCS analysis revealed the following: the proportion of monounsaturated fat energy supply and polyunsaturated fat energy supply (PFES-P) were negatively associated with the risk of depressive symptoms; the proportion of carbohydrate energy supply (PCES) was positively associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. As analysis of GAM found that the risk of depressive symptoms was at a lower level when the PCES was less than 50% and the PFES was more than 40%. The risk of depressive symptoms decreased as the PFES-P increased, and the risk further decreased when the PFES-P exceeded 20% .
Conclusion
A dietary pattern characterized by a high PFES (> 40%),particularly a PFES-P > 20% and a low PCES (< 50%) is recommended as a dietary pattern for depression prevention in middle-aged and older adults.
Controllability, Observability, and Stability aspects of matrix Sylvester Volterra Integro-Dynamical System on Time Scales
Authors: A Sreenivasulu , V Appa Rao B
Published: August 2022

In this manuscript, we consider the matrix Sylvester Volterra integro-dynamic system on time scales YΔ(t) = A(t)Y (t) + Y (t)B(t) + μ(t)A(t)Y (t)B(t) + ∫tt0(L1(t, s)Y (s) + Y (s)L2(t, s))Δs + C(t)U(t). In this system convert to an equivalent system of Kronecker product Volterra integro- dynamic system on time scales with the help of a vectorization operator. we establish a sufficient condition for the controllability, observability, and stability aspects of the matrix Sylvester Volterra integro-dynamic system on time scales. Moreover, generalize to a time scales some known properties relating to stability from the case of continuous analysis.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary:34A37. Secondary:34N05, 34D05, 45D05.
A transcriptomic analysis on the differentially expressed genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Haldar Agnik , Singh Ajay Kumar
Published: August 2022

Oral cancer has plagued the majority of the world as one of the most prevalent cancers. The main reason often highlighted is the high usage of tobacco, which has been reported to be the main cause of oral cancer, and the lack of proper health and sexual h+ygiene. This often leads to HPV infection which has been seen as one of the leading causes of oral cancer. Numerous reports have identified the dysregulation of genes as one of the major causes at play in the mechanisms of cancer. A detailed investigation of the dysregulated gene expressions and the pathways shed some light on the mechanistic properties behind cancer, which can potentially lead to a viable approach for biomarker identification and further research.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of elderly small bowel adenocarcinoma using propensity score matching analysis: A study based on SEER database
Authors: Liu Qiu-Yan , xie Ling , Yang Xiao-Yun , Yang Lei , Lei Xiao-Lin
Published: August 2022

Background
Small intestine adenocarcinoma is a scant disease which has no adequate clinic trials, so its prognostic factors are still unclear especially in elderly patients. In this article, We aimed to explore the clinicopathology presentation, treatments, outcomes and predictors of small intestine adenocarcinoma patients who aged 65 years or older.
Methods
We retrieved clinicopathology data of small intestine adenocarcinoma patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. we clarified patients into two groups: surgery and non-surgery group, and conducted propensity score matching (PSM) to compare survival outcoming. We identified the prognostic indicators for cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) by Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
In total, 1018 eligible cases were enrolled, with a median survival of 16 months, the 3-year OS and CSS rates was 36% and 41.7%, and the 5-year OS and CSS rates was 26.5% and 33.3%. Multivariate analyses revealed that age, grade, tumor stage, surgery and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for OS, while grade, tumor stage, surgery, radiation and chemotherapy were independent factors for CSS. After PSM, only surgery and tumor stage(AJCC 6th) were independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS.
Conclusion
Surgery could bring benefit to survival for elderly SBA patients, and early stage of disease was another significant prognostic factor.
Temperature and leaching effects of Zeolite-X derived from Kaolin
Authors: Mgbemere Henry E. , Ovri Henry , Sargent Anna-Lisa
Published: August 2022

Zeolites are microporous materials that find a lot of applications in today’s world due to their different properties. In this research, the effect of different calcination temperatures (700oC and 900oC) and acid leaching (7% and 15% dilution) on zeolite-X crystals has been investigated using the hydrothermal method. The results from the different sample characterization show that the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio is approximately 5.6 while the Infrared spectra indicate that Zeolite-X was produced with slight shifts in the wavenumbers. The diffraction patterns show that in addition to the formation of zeolite-X crystals, other phases were also obtained. The thermal analysis indicates that the zeolite is stable below 500oC. Thermogravimetric study shows that after about 200oC, only about 13% of the mass was lost. The differential thermal analyzer indicates that the samples followed the same trend until a temperature of 300oC where the samples calcined at 700oC had a positive heat loss while the samples calcined at 900oC had a negative heat loss. The BET analyses show that the zeolite from samples calcined at 700oC had lower adsorption-desorption isotherms compared to those at 900oC. The pore volume and sizes of the former were also lower than those of the latter. These results have shown that leached kaolin is effective in producing zeolite-X samples.
Inhibition of ZNF703 alleviates the progression of gastric cancer through inhibition of HDAC activity
Authors: Lin Hao
Published: August 2022

Background: ZNF703 is identified as a therapeutic target in a variety of human cancer. Although ZNF703 overexpresses in gastric cancer frequently, the effects and mechanism of ZNF703 in the progression of gastric cancer is unclear. Methods: Therefore, ZNF703, Ki-67 and BCL-2 expression was measured by histology in clinical cases. We used gastric cells line models to explore the role of ZNF703 in vitro. ZNF703 expression intervention was employed to investigate the role of ZNF703 in proliferation and apoptosis. The relationship between ZNF703 intervention and resistance of chemotherapy was analyzed by using oxaliplatin treatment. Results: In this study, we found that ZNF703 expression in the area of gastric cancer was substantially higher than adjacent normal area. Gastric cancer tissue with ZNF703 high expression level substantially increased Ki-67 and BCL-2 expression. Inhibition of ZNF703 attenuated the gastric cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells, while overexpression of ZNF703 in GES-1 cells resulted in the reverse effects. ZNF703 might mediate the viability of gastric cancer cells through down-regulation of HDAC1/2. In addition, after transfected with siRNA-ZNF703, down-regulation of TopoII and P-gp was observed in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells. Further, we showed that inhibition of ZNF703 enhanced the resistance to chemotherapy in vitro. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that in gastric cancer cells, ZNF703 promoted the proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and improved their resistance to chemotherapy, suggesting it may be a potential target for the gastric cancer.
Seismic performance of steel frames accompanied to bearing with perforated yielding shear devices
Authors: Saadatnia Mahdi , Behforouz Babak
Published: August 2022

Perforated Yielding Shear Device-Rubber Bearing (PYSDRB) recently proposed by the author is a new base Isolation to reduce the seismic vibration. This paper tried to evaluate the seismic behavior of the steel moment frame with PYSDRB. The First 3, 8, and 12 story frames were designed with Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB), and then because of the restriction on the PYSDRB displacement, by removing the lead core of the LRB, a suitable pattern is proposed for the design of the shear plates. The base shear and the story drift in the fixed-base frames, frames with LRB-1 (high target displacement), LRB-2 (low target displacement), and PYSDRB under 7 earthquakes were compared. The base shear reduction rate of the 3, 8, and 12-story frames with PYSDRB were about 39%, 37%, and 35% respectively. This base shear reduction rate was acceptable compared to the base shear reduction rate of frames with LRB-2. In terms of story drift, the performance of the 8 and 12-story frames with the PYSDRB were not suitable to compare with the LRB, but the performance of the 3-story frame was acceptable. Considering low target displacement in bearings design, the PYSDRB performance was better than the LRB in low frame height.
Age-dependent alterations in the coordinated development of subcortical regions in adolescents with social anxiety disorder
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Hu Yang , Zhang Xiaochen , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Lei , Xie Shuqi , Ma Changminghao , Ding Yue , Kang Yinzhi , Jin Shuyu , Xia Yufeng , Hu Zhishan , Liu Zhen , Cheng Wenhong , Yang Zhi
Published: August 2022

Subcortical brain regions play essential roles in the onset of social anxiety disorder (SAD). While adolescence is the peak period of SAD, the relationships between abnormal development of the subcortical regions during this period and SAD are still unclear. This study investigated the age-dependent alterations in structural co-variance among subcortical regions and between subcortical and cortical regions, aiming to reflect aberrant coordination during development in adolescents with SAD. High-resolution T1-weighted images were obtained from 76 adolescents with SAD and 67 healthy controls (HC), ranging from 11.0 to 17.9 years. We found that the SAD group exhibited significantly enhanced structural co-variance among key striatum regions (putamen and caudate). While the co-variance decreased with age in healthy adolescents, the co-variance in SAD adolescents stayed high, leading to more apparent abnormalities in middle adolescence. Moreover, the striatum’s mean structural co-variance with cortical regions decreased with age in HC but increased with age in SAD. The age-dependence of the abnormal coordination indicates atypical developmental trajectories of the striatum and its balance with the cortical regions in adolescents with SAD.
Chemical Bowel Preparation Exerts an Independent Preventive Effect Against Surgical Site Infection Following Elective Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Ichimura Kentaro , Imaizumi Ken , Kasajima Hiroyuki , Sato Aya , Sato Kentaro , Yamana Daisuke , Tsuruga Yosuke , Umehara Minoru , Kurushima Michihiro , Nakanishi Kazuaki
Published: August 2022

Purpose: We investigated the clinical value of mechanical and chemical bowel preparations (MBP, CBP) for preventing surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 475 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery between January 2018 and March 2022. CBP was introduced in January 2021. CBP included kanamycin (1 g) and metronidazole (1 g) two times a day, the day before surgery. In some cases, MBP was omitted in patients who planned to undergo right-sided colectomy, those with tumor obstruction, and those with poor general condition, depending on the physician’s judgment. The endpoints were primarily the overall incidence of SSI, and secondarily incisional SSI, organ-space SSI, culture from the surgical site, and postoperative hospital stay. Results: In total, 136 patients underwent CBP. MBP was omitted in 53 patients. Overall, SSI occurred in 80 patients (16.8%), including 61 cases of incisional SSI (12.8%) and 36 cases of organ-space SSI (7.6%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that CBP exerted an independent preventive effect on overall and incisional SSI, whereas MBP did not. Levels of Bacteroides species at the surgical site were significantly lower in the CBP group than in the non-CBP group. Postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in the incisional SSI group than in non-SSI group and was significantly longer in the organ-space SSI group than in the other groups.Conclusion: CBP, but not MBP, exerts an independent preventive effect on SSI, especially incisional SSI, in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Long-term outcomes of laparoscopic versus open colectomy for pathological T4 and/or N2 colon cancer patients: multicenter study using propensity-score matched analysis
Authors: Hashimoto Shintaro , Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Shiraishi Toshio , To Kazuo , Takeshita Hiroaki , Fukuoka Hidetoshi , Araki Masato , Tanaka Kenji , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Although the safety and comparable long-term outcomes after laparoscopic surgery (LAP) for advanced colon cancer versus open surgery (OP) were previously reported, the indications for highly advanced colon cancer are controversial. We aimed to assess long-term outcomes after LAP versus OP for pathological T4 (pT4) and/or N2 (pN2) colon cancer.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 255 primary tumor resections for pT4 and/or pN2 colon cancer performed from 2015 to 2020 at six hospitals, divided into LAP (n = 204) and OP groups (n = 51). After propensity score matching to minimize selection bias, 42 matched patients per group were assessed.
Results
Before matching, the rate of males (53.9% vs 37.3%, p = 0.042), left sided colon cancer (53.9% vs 37.3%, p = 0.042), D3 lymph node dissection (90.7% vs 68.6%, p < 0.001) and BMI (kg/m2) (22.3 vs 21.8, p = 0.039) were significantly greater in the LAP group. The rate of pT4 (60.3% vs 82.4%, p = 0.003) was lower and pN2 was higher (57.4% vs 37.3%. p = 0.012) in the LAP group. After matching, preoperative characteristics and pathologic status were equivalent between the groups. The LAP and OP groups showed comparable 5-year overall survival (OS) (75.3% vs 60.4%, p = 0.448) and 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) (55.5% vs 57.4%, p = 0.411). In the patients with pT4, OS (67.3% vs 76.4%, p = 0.927) and RFS (46.1% vs 62.8%, p = 0.971) were comparable. In the patients with pN2, OS (77.7% vs 51.6%, p = 0.545) and RFS (57.6% vs 43.1%, p = 0.204) were also comparable.
Conclusions
LAP for pT4 and/or pN2 colon cancer showed comparable long-term outcomes compared with OP. LAP was an acceptable surgical approach in this cohort.
OAM-GANN: Online Adaptive Memory based Genetically optimized Artificial Neural Network for PUEA Detection in CRN Applications
Authors: V Noel Jeygar Robert
Published: August 2022

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) allows opportunistic usage of spectrums owned by licensed users or primary users (PUs). The unlicensed users or secondary users (SUs) that use the spectrum rely opportunistically on spectrum sensing to determine the presence of PU signal. Unfortunately, this attribute opens the door for attacks such as the as the Primary User Emulation Attack (PUEA). This attack happens when an attacker emulates a PU signal. The intention of the attacker might be to grab the vacant channels for its data transmission or entirely disrupt the working of the CRN. Hence it is necessary to combat the consequences of PUEA effectively. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has shown its excellence in various applications including the detection of PUEA. To further enhance the security of the CRN, this research work proposes a novel classification framework called Online Adaptive Memory based Genetically optimized Artificial Neural Network (OAM-GANN) which introduces adaptive online learning of network parameters to identify the presence of PUEA. The proposed OAM-GANN involves Computational Intelligence (CI) algorithm called Memory based Genetic Algorithm (MGA) to optimally tune the hyperparameters of the developed ANN. The advantages of online adaptive training and optimal hyperparameter tuning of the AI model, result in improved security to the network and the data being transmitted in the CRN. The performance of the proposed attack detection model is evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, error rate, and detection probability. In addition, the performance of the proposed secure CRN is evaluated in terms of throughput and packet delivery ratio.
Ensured Lifespan of IoT in 5G Depends on Metaheuristic Algorithm-Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Qamar Shamimul
Published: August 2022

Mobile Cellular networks are developing to the period of 5G, for empowering elegant and inventive resources of IoT, the new 5 th generation radio (NR), lifelong evolution like (LTE-A) high tech are intended. Although, the current LTE-A master entente namely group paging technique is still steadily influenced concerning person-to-person communication following the varying characteristics of an extensive variety of Internet of things devices. From way back, utmost Internet of Things are operated with the help of battery which the rate of power consumption is the deciding factor of their battery lifetime, therefore energy-efficient transferring protocols of data are of outstanding importance future generation Internet of Things networks. One of the examples in improving the energy efficiency of Internet of things networks is group paging. Yet, the approach of grouping for the Internet of things mechanism is quite not much an important topic to discuss. Hence, this paper suggested an inventive different criterion transmutative optimization, specifically, genetic algorithm. The output attained from simulation confirms that our suggested technique can appreciably improve the energy efficiency of Internet of things gadgets. The results of the simulation of this suggested algorithm illustrate that it will intersect at the classic solution fast and convince the demand of small node implementation rate and a high rate of coverage, thus extending the lifespan of the network accurately.
To Prolong the life of IoT in the fifth generation utilising a parallelly implemented Multiobjective Algorithm with Mapping Reduce
Authors: Qamar Shamimul
Published: August 2022

Extended dimensions, high speeds, superior reliability, and negligible latency, increased capacity, and better QoS are some of the major objectives or challenges that must be communicated in the near future, i.e., far away 4G. To address these issues, urgent advancements in cellular network architecture are required [7]. The introduction of the fifth generation in 2020 will have an impact on a wide range of technological fields. Smaller delays, faster data transmission, and better connectivity will all be features of 5th generation. The Internet of Things will undergo significant changes. The internet of things (IoT) is a developing technology of internet-connected physical devices with the ability to collect and share large amounts of data. High speeds, maximum connectivity, ultralow latency, and universal coverage will all be available with 5th generation technology. The coverage problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is interpreted by calculating the efficacy of how a web zone is observed with its sensor networks.To address these coverage issues, comprehensive coverage protocols have been devised [6]. Organizations are expected to begin establishing the number of these connected devices after considering all parameters such as increasing transmitted data speed and resolving latency issues.To solve the coverage problem and to extend the lifespan of the Internet of Things they used the parallel genetic algorithm with a huge number of connections. The algorithm should consider both node redundancy and coverage while evaluating the result of the current configuration of effective nodes.
Throughput and Outage Probability-aware Intelligent Swarm-based Multi-hop Selection in Vehicular Network
Authors: Qamar Shamimul
Published: August 2022

Cooperation is an emerging paradigm for improving the spatial differentiations in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET). Cooperative communication systems can improve the performance and spatial diversity equivalent to the multiantenna systems like Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. Additionally, these systems are more realistic for the implementation with conventional limited resources and distributed hardware. Hence, many network solutions are motivated through the cooperative communications for boosting VANET efficiency regarding specific network constraints like energy efficiency, network capacity, and outage probability. As several effective studies are discussed about VANETs integrated with cooperative communications, it suffers from some basic problems, which does not explicitly utilize. The main goal of this article is to design & develop an optimization method for selecting the minimum number of multi-hops between source and destination for the cooperative VANET network. The first phase has first time slot, where a signal is transmitted by source to the cooperative nodes (its relays) and to their equivalent destination. The main problem considered here is to optimally select the number of hops or relays that to be adaptable for communication, with the intention of solving the multi-objective function concerning with the target throughput and outage probability. The adoption of new Dimension-based Cat Swarm Optimization (D-CSO) is the main contribution here to optimally select the multi-hops among source and destination. Through the performance evaluation, it is observed that the designed model has achieved network-wide fairness performance and good convergence rate.
Identification and Functional Analysis of MicroRNAs and Their Target Genes in Reverse Thermosensitive Genic Male Sterility of Eggplant
Authors: Li Bing , Zhang Jingjing , Gao Xiurui , Pan Xiuqing , Zhou Rong , Wu Yanrong
Published: August 2022

Thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines are the core of two-line hybrid systems. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in plant growth and development. However, knowledge of regulation of anther development by miRNAs in TGMS eggplant (Solanum melongena) is largely unexplored. To investigate the mechanism underlying miRNA regulation of male sterility, we employed high-throughput small RNA sequencing in anther samples from the reverse TGMS line 05ms and the temperature-insensitive line S63 in eggplant, under high temperature and low temperature conditions. The 05ms line is sterile at low temperature and fertile at high temperature. A total of 166,273,427 raw reads were obtained, 143 known miRNAs from 42 miRNA families and 104 novel miRNAs were detected. Further, six differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified, including three known (miR168b-3p, miR397–5p, and miR408) and three novel miRNAs (Novel_116, Novel_119, and Novel_97), which might be related to anther development. Moreover, the six DEMs were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and 892 target genes of which were predicted. Gene Ontology analysis of target genes revealed significant enrichment in the “copper ion binding,” “oxidation-reduction process,” and “oxidoreductase activity” terms. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that “plant hormone signal transduction” and “other glycan degradation” were enriched. In addition, we constructed regulatory networks comprising miRNAs, target genes, and important terms/pathways and found the miR397-5p was the most linked miRNA, down-regulated under low temperature. Our findings contribute to understanding of the roles of miRNA during anther development and provide the theoretical foundation for two-line hybrid breeding of eggplant.
Discovering the Optimal Number of Crime Cluster Using Elbow, Silhouette, Gap Statistics, and NbClust Methods
Authors: Sagala Noviyanti T. M. , Gunawan Alexander Agung Santoso
Published: August 2022

In recent years, crime has been critical to be analyzed and tracked to identify the trends and associations with crime patterns and activities. Generally, the analysis is conducted to discover the area or location where the crime is high or low by using different clustering methods, including k-means clustering. Even though the k-means algorithm is commonly used in clustering techniques because of its simplicity, convergence speed, and high efficiency, finding the optimal number of clusters is difficult. Determining the correct clusters for crime analysis is critical to enhancing current crime resolution rates, avoiding future incidents, spending less time for new officers, and increasing activity quality. To address the problem of estimating the number of clusters in the crime domain without the interference of humans, the research carried out Elbow, Silhouette, Gap Statistics, and NbClust methods on datasets of Major Crime Indicators (MCI) in 2014−2019. Several stages were performed to process the crime datasets: data understanding, data preparation, cluster modelling, and cluster validation. The first two phases were performed in the R Studio environment and the last two stages in Azure Studio. From the experimental result, Elbow, Silhouette, and NbClust methods suggest a similar number of optimum clusters that is two. After validating the result using the average Silhouette method, the research considers two clusters as the best clusters for the dataset. The visualization result of Silhouette method displays the value of 0,73. Then, the observation of the data is well-grouped. It is placed in the correct group.
Regression models for predicting the die-off rate of E. coli in solar water disinfection
Authors: Nwankwo Ekene Jude , Agunwamba Jonah Chukwuemeka , Igwe Samson Ekene , Odenigbo Celestine
Published: August 2022

Solar disinfection (SODIS) is an economical and user-friendly method of water purification mostly applied in the tropical countries. SODIS uses the ultraviolet (UV) and temperature effects of the sun to kill pathogens in drinking water. The objective of the study was to develop a functional relationship between pathogen die-off rate and SODIS treatment conditions, namely daily maximum of 5-h averages of UV intensity , daily maximum water temperature , and water turbidity . Regression analyses/models based on 5-month data revealed that although and can be excellent predictors of pathogen die-off rate, their variable inflation factors (6.75 and 6.57, respectively), which is a measure of dependence between the two variables and adequacy of the estimated regression coefficients, suggest that they cannot be successfully combined in a single least-square regression model. was found to be a better predictor of in SODIS than . Water turbidities in the range of 1–30 NTU had no significant effect on the pathogen die-off rate. The study concluded that regression models/analyses can be successfully employed to explain the day-to-day variability in pathogen die-off rate, predict SODIS applicability, and exposure period in different regions of the world based on UV, water temperature, and water turbidity.
Assessment of household-level adaptation strategies to water stress in southwestern coastal Bangladesh: a counter-factual analysis
Authors: Ahsan Md. Nasif , Khatun Fatema , Islam Md. Sariful , Hossain Md. Sarwar , Mou Benzir Huq , Kumar Pankaj
Published: August 2022

Despite the growing emphasis and global initiatives to ensure safe drinking water and sanitation for all (Sustainable Development Goal 6), households in coastal areas are at risk of growing water stress across the globe. However, little is known about households' adaptation strategies to water stress in coastal areas. This study explores the determinants and impacts of adaptation strategies to household-level water stress (both drinking and non-drinking), considering the behaviors of adopters and non-adopters in the southwestern coastal area of Bangladesh. We applied an endogenous switching regression model by analyzing questionnaire survey datasets (n=502) to estimate the effect of adopting adaptation strategies on household-level water stress in four saline-prone coastal sub-districts of Bangladesh. Results reveal six commonly-practiced adaptation strategies: reducing vegetable production, reducing livestock production, paying more to access water, increasing time for water collection, preserving water, and using reservoirs to collect water. Determinants such as migration, support from government and non-government agencies, age, gender, literacy, occupation, income, access to tube wells, and distance from drinking water sources play a significant role in adopting adaptation strategies. Results from the endogenous switching regression model denote that adopting all six adaptation strategies appears to significantly reduce household-level water stress. Through counter-factual analysis, results demonstrate that, on average, households that did not adopt adaptation strategies would have encountered less water stress if they had. Therefore, determinants that stimulate adaptation strategies will indirectly reduce household water stress.
Combination Therapy of Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy and the
Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist Aprepitant: A New Antitumor
Strategy?
Authors: Robinson Prema , Coveñas Rafael , Muñoz Miguel
Published: August 2022

Background:

Although chemotherapy is predominantly used for cancer treatment,
it can be ineffective and can induce serious side effects and lead to chemoresistance.
It is essential to discover novel drugs that can enhance the antitumor activity and
at the same time, counteract the severe side effects, of chemotherapy. The substance P
(SP)/neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) interaction system is known to play a key role in the
pathogenesis of cancer. Studies with NK-1R antagonists (such as aprepitant) denote that
the NK-1R is a potential target for the treatment of cancer. Aprepitant combined with major
chemotherapeutic drugs has shown the potential to increase antitumor activity and decrease
side effects.

Objective:

Since malignant tumor cancer cells overexpress the NK-1R, this combination
therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of all kinds of cancer. Since aprepitant
shows potential of being a broad-antitumor drug, the repurposing of this NK-1R antagonist
as an antitumor agent is warranted. Studies pertaining to combination therapy of
aprepitant/radiotherapy will also be outlined in this review. The aim of this review is to
provide an update on combinational studies pertaining to chemotherapy/radiotherapy and
NK-1R antagonist in cancer.

Conclusion:

This combination strategy once confirmed, might open the door to a new
era in chemotherapy and radiotherapy with greater antitumor activity and fewer side effects.
This treatment strategy could possibly translate into higher cure rates, better quality
of life and fewer sequelae in cancer patients.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and ADME Prediction of 1H-indole/5-
substituted Indole Derivatives as Potential Antioxidant and Anti-
Inflammatory Agents
Authors: Singh Rajesh Kumar , Kumari Archana
Published: August 2022

Background:

Inflammation is a protective biological process, but under extreme conditions,
it can become highly dreadful to the body. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents treat
similar disease conditions as inflammation and oxidative stress commonly follow similar causative
pathways.

Objective:

The goal of this study was to synthesize N-substituted indole derivatives with different
heterocyclic moieties through propyl linker with the aim of getting highly potent anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant agents.

Methods:

Synthesized compounds were analyzed by analytical techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C
NMR spectra, and mass spectrometry. Molecular docking and ADME calculation were employed on
synthesized compounds to estimate their COX-2 enzyme inhibition and drug like properties, respectively.
Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH assay and the reducing power assay. Selected
derivatives were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity at an acute (carrageenan-induced paw edema
method) and chronic level (formalin-induced inflammation method) using indomethacin as a
standard drug.

Results:

Herein, twelve indole derivatives (11a-c, 12a-c, 13a-c, and 14a-c) were synthesized.
Among all, compound 12c was found to be the best inhibitor of the COX-2 enzyme as it displayed
good interaction energy. Zero violations of Lipinski's rule were found in the ADME investigation,
confirming the drug-like qualities of synthesized compounds. The compounds 11a and 12c were
found to be the most potent as compared with standard ascorbic acid in antioxidant evaluation. From
the collected results, compounds 12c and 13b were the most potent against acute and chronic inflammation.

Conclusion:

The novel synthetic indole derivatives could act as potent leads for the development of
novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Bakuchiol and its Derivatives: An
Updated Review
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Sangwan Payare L. , Shankar Ravi , Gupta Sumeet
Published: August 2022

Bakuchiol is a meroterpene natural product distributed in various plants. It possesses several biological
activities particularly anticancer. A large number of analogs have been prepared by various researchers by targeting
several positions such as phenolic –OH, ethenyl and isopropylidene groups present in the bakuchiol to develop potent
therapeutic agents with improved pharmaceutical properties. The present review describes the isolation, organic synthetic
schemes, chromatographic study, and biological activities of bakuchiol reported till date. Further, the review also
provides an insight into the skin care effects of bakuchiol and structure-activity relationship studies of reported derivatives.
Moreover, the biosynthetic pathway of bakuchiol has also been described. All the articles published on bakuchiol
revealed that bakuchiol and its analogs possess a remarkable potential for the development of potent anticancer and
several other therapeutic agents. The reported synthetic schemes can be utilized for the industrial production of bakuchiol.
Finally, we believe that this review will provide important information to the researchers interested in the chemistry
and biology of Bakuchiol.
Use of Psychotropics in COVID-19: Another Anti-inflammatory
Pathway
Authors: Morillo Jessenia , Morillo Valery , Marquina Maria Angelica , Rojas Milagros , Nava Manuel
Published: August 2022

The emergence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has significantly impacted
the world's population, disrupting healthcare systems around the globe and leading to human
and material losses. While different vaccines have been approved in record time, there continues
to be a high number of daily new cases, and patients face a wide range of presentations of
the disease, from asymptomatic to potentially fatal. Therefore, the search for therapeutic agents
that can aid in the management and control of the disease has become one of the main goals for
researchers and clinicians. As an inflammatory disease, targets for the treatment of COVID-19
have largely involved the immune system. Inflammation has also been associated with mental
health disorders, and studies have shown the potential involvement of inflammatory pathways
in the pathophysiology of depression. As a consequence, the hypothesis of using antidepressants
and other psychotropics for the treatment of COVID-19 has emerged. In this review, we
aim to summarize the molecular pathways that could be involved as well as the emergent evidence
that has been reported by studies performed since the appearance of SARS-CoV-2 in
2019. While it has been observed that there are potential therapeutic pathways for the use of
antidepressants in the treatment of COVID-19, additional studies are needed to evaluate the
feasibility, safety, and efficacy of psychotropics in this disease.
Text Classification in Python
Authors: Mittal ​Mamta , Battineni ​Gopi , Usharani ​Bhimavarapu , Goyal ​Lalit Mohan
Published: August 2022

Text classification is an ML technique that assigns a set of predefined tags to
open text, and text classifiers have been used to structure, organize, and categorize any
sort of text data ranging from documents, files, medical studies, to the overall web.
This chapter will provide you with the text classification techniques in python. In
addition, it focuses on training a supervised learning model to do text classification
with a real-time case study.
Grond onder ons bestaan
Authors: Admiraal Han
Published: August 2022

De ondergrond is letterlijk het fundament voor ons bestaan. De ondergrond bevat drinkwaterbronnen, geeft draagvlak aan gebouwen, levert ecosysteemdiensten. In toenemende mate wordt de diepte gezocht, bijvoorbeeld als alternatieve bron voor energie. Het gebruik blijft echter sporadisch, autonoom, niet geordend en vooral zonder besef van wat menselijke interventies voor mogelijke consequenties hebben. De vraag of de ondergrond gebruikt kan worden wordt te weinig gesteld. Het kan, dus doen we het ook.
Psychologische reflectie op ondergronds ruimtegebruik
Authors: van der Ham Sander
Published: August 2022

In drukkere en sterker verdichte steden is de publieke ruimte in toenemende mate een schaars goed. Aan de invulling ervan moeten weloverwogen beslissingen ten grondslag liggen waarbij talloze mogelijke functies zorgvuldig afgewogen worden. Ondergronds ruimtegebruik is hierbij een oplossing. Dat verplicht ons tot het ontwerpen van geschikte ondergrondse ruimten.
Grotten en karst in Cuba, samen op ontdekking
Authors: Pérez María Alejandra
Published: August 2022

Grotten zijn in staat om ons onrustig te maken – in hen kunnen we ‘diepe tijd’ ervaren die zich op een intieme schaal voor ons ontvouwt. Te midden van mede-grotverkenners in Cuba zag ik ze als vensters naar een onderling verbonden landschap dat in staat is onze relatie met elkaar te hervormen en onze verantwoordelijkheid voor toekomstige generaties te bevestigen.
Diseño de un programa de flexibilidad en los miembros superiores para tenistas juveniles de alto rendimiento en la Escuela Colombiana de Rehabilitación
Authors: Prieto Buitrago Sebastian Orlando , Gonzalez Ortiz Fabiola
Published: August 2022

El tenis se ubica como una de las potencias del deporte de competición a nivel mundial. Es fundamental trabajar la flexibilidad a una edad temprana para prevenir desórdenes y/o alteraciones del rango de movilidad articular (ROM) de la articulación glenohumeral. El objetivo fue identificar los posibles déficits del ROM en el hombro y el codo y la flexibilidad. Ocho tenistas juveniles masculinos competitivos sanos con una media ± DE: edad 16,3 ± 2,1 años, peso 57,7 ± 4,3 kg, altura 169 ± 10 cm participaron en este estudio. Los resultados de goniometría demostraron un déficit significativo en el ROM de las articulaciones del hombro y del codo. Se concluye la necesidad de combinar diferentes tipos de estiramientos, como estáticos activos asistidos y dinámicos de facilitación neuromuscular propioceptiva (FNP) que aumenten el ROM del hombro y del codo.
Efectos de un programa físico en el componente motriz valorado a partir del cribado de movimiento funcional (FMS) en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: González Bustamante David Alejandro , Parra Martínez Daner Felipe , Amú-Ruiz Francisco Antonio
Published: August 2022

Mediante la investigación se analizaron los efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico en la condición motriz de la comunidad universitaria durante la pandemia (COVID-19). Se aplicó en una muestra de 659 estudiantes que completaron las 7 pruebas del cribado de movimiento funcional (FMS). El resultado parcial fue que el 15,02% de los estudiantes se encontraban en el rango de mayor riesgo de lesión con actividad física; al finalizar la intervención en la población universitaria se tiene como resultado positivo la reducción del 11,53% en este rango y que un 96,51% de los estudiantes participantes culminaron el programa de ejercicio físico con un menor riesgo de lesión con actividad física, según los parámetros del FMS. Así se concluye que un programa de ejercicio físico tiene un efecto protector en el componente motriz.
Patient income level and health insurance correlate with differences in health care utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Wiefels Matthew D , Gmunder Kristin N , Ruiz Jose W
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

With the coronavirus outbreak of 2019 (COVID-19) escalating in early 2020 came many changes in how health care is accessed and delivered. Perhaps most notable is the massive expansion of telemedicine usage, especially in the developed world. With pandemic-induced economic and health care system disruptions, it is reasonable to expect changes in how health care services are utilized by different patients.

OBJECTIVE

To examine how health care usage trends changed for various patient demographics from the pre-COVID-19 era to the COVID-19 era.

METHODS

De-identified patient demographics and telemedicine, inpatient, in-person outpatient, radiology/procedures, and emergency department visit data (N = 1,164,719) between January 1st, 2019 and May 31st, 2021 were obtained from the UHealth database. Descriptive statistics and other tools were used to determine relationships between patient demographics and health system usage.

RESULTS

There were insignificant changes in health care usage and demographics for UHealth services from the pre-COVID-19 era to the COVID-19 era. There was an increase in telehealth visits and a corollary decrease of in-person outpatient visits (P < .001) along with increased health care utilization by those with commercial insurance (P < .001) during COVID-19. Lower income patients had increased use of in-person outpatient services (P < .001). Non-Hispanic, English-speaking patients and those with higher median incomes had higher telemedicine usage.

CONCLUSIONS

COVID-19 emphasizes differences in health care access, particularly telemedicine access, and vulnerability among certain patient demographics. Telehealth usage expanded dramatically, particularly among non-Hispanic and English-speaking populations. During the COVID-19 era, those with lower median incomes and those with commercial insurance used health care resources at higher rates compared to other patient populations. The trends we see are likely multifactorial and reflect changes in patients’ preferences and disparities in care access.
Web-Based 24-Hour Dietary Recall Tool for Russian Adults and School-Aged Children: Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Pigat Sandrine , Soshina Mariya , Berezhnaya Yulia , Kryzhanovskaya Ekaterina
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Data on dietary intakes in Russian adults and children are assessed very infrequently primarily due to the time, cost, and burden to the participants for assessing dietary patterns. To overcome some of those challenges, the use of web-based 24-hour recall methods can be successfully used.

OBJECTIVE

The study objective is to assess the extent of agreement between a self-administered and an interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recall in Russian adults and school-aged children using an adaptation of a web-based 24-hour recall tool.

METHODS

This web-based dietary assessment tool is based on a previously validated tool, which has been adapted to the Russian diet and language. A randomized 50% (n=97) of 194 participants initially completed a self-administered web-based dietary recall, followed by an interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recall later that same day, and vice versa for the other 50% (n=97) of participants. Following at least 1 week wash-out period, during visit 2, participant groups completed the 2 dietary recalls in the opposite order. Statistical analysis was carried out on the intake results from both methods for the 2 recalls. Finally, an evaluation questionnaire on ease-of-use of the tool was also completed.

RESULTS

In total, intakes of 28 nutrients and energy were analyzed in this study. The Bland-Altman analysis showed that between 98.4% and 90.5% of data points were within the limits of agreement among all age groups and nutrients analyzed. A “moderate to excellent” reliability between the 2 methods was observed in younger children. In older children, a “moderate to good” reliability was observed, with the exception of sodium. In adults, “moderate to excellent” reliability between both methods was observed with the exception of vitamins B1, B2, and B6, and pantothenic acid. The level of agreement between the categorization of estimates into thirds of the intake distribution for the average of the 2 days was satisfactory, since the percentages of participants categorized into the same tertile of intake were ˃50%, and the percentages of participants categorized into the opposite tertile of intake were <10%. The majority of respondents were very positive in their evaluation of the web-based dietary assessment tool.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, the web-based dietary assessment tool performs well when compared with a face-to-face, interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recall and provides comparable estimates of energy and nutrient intakes in Russian adults and children.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04372160; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04372160