bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Violence as a Subject of Social Science I The Specificity of Political Violence
Authors: Mario Domínguez Sánchez-Pinilla  , Isis Sánchez Estellés
Published: June 2021

In contrast to the world's uniformity all types of violence are observed: urban violence, in poor countries where conflicts are incomprehensible from outside, violence which surface is religious in countries of Muslim tradition, fundamentalist violence, nationalist, racist; violence in the world system which accepts the growing difference between poor and rich. Judiciary violence in executions in States that seem the principal warrantors of social peace. There is violence throughout the globe and under surveillance by the great power. It could be said that the global system tolerates a certain “reserve of violence” and obtains certain profits, as well as the economy tolerates certain extent of “unemployment rate” able to calm protest movements.
Doctors’ view about status of Teaching & Learning of Psychiatry at Undergraduate Medical Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan M Kumrul , Aktar Muqbula Tasrin , SA Ara , Kabir Fuad Reajwan , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: June 2021

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out at different Upazilla levels hospitals of Dhaka, Chattogram, Khulna, Sylhet, Rajshahi, Barisal & Rangpur divisions. It was conducted to find out the views of the doctors serving at primary health care level about the status of teaching & learning of Psychiatry at undergraduate medical education level in Bangladesh. The contents, teaching-learning hours, teaching-learning methods & assessment needed for Psychiatry of undergraduate medical curriculum 2002 & 2012 of Bangladesh were also reviewed & compared by the researcher. The study period was July 2019 to June 2020. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire with five-point Likert scale was used. Convenience sampling technique was adopted & total 307 doctors participated in this study with their valuable opinions. After reviewing and comparing of undergraduate curriculum 2002 & 2012, it was found that content coverage & 20 hours lecture in psychiatry was same in both curricula. But block posting was reduced from 5 days to 3 days & ward placements was reduced from 4 weeks to 3 weeks in the curriculum of 2012 from curriculum of 2002. In curriculum 2002, there were 17.5 marks in written and 01 OSCE station in practical for Psychiatry and one examiner from either Psychiatry or Dermatology in paper II of Medicine in final professional MBBS examination. But there is no such provision for psychiatry in curriculum 2012. Among 307 doctors, 287 (86.9%) agreed that behavioral science should be taught by Psychiatrist instead of Community Medicine Specialist. Only 36 (11.8%) respondents agreed that their learning & training in psychiatry were sufficient during MBBS. Although, 227 (73.9%) doctors agreed that in their practice, a major portion of the patients were suffering from psychiatric problem, only 84 (27.4%) of them were confident enough to manage common Psychiatric cases. Among respondents, 238 (77.6%) agreed that placement of MBBS students in psychiatry should be from 3rd year and 260 (84.7%) agreed that Psychiatry should be given more weightage in MBBS curriculum. Around 180 (58.4%) doctors agreed that Psychiatry should be a separate subject as per standard set by WFME. Regarding examinership, 69% (212) respondents agreed that there should be one examiner from psychiatry in MBBS final Professional examination and 86.9% (267) of the respondents agreed that the Psychiatric part of MBBS curriculum should be updated immediately. The study recommended to update the psychiatric portion of MBBS Curriculum considering psychiatry as a separate subject as per the directive of WFME & like many countries of the world.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(2) July 2021: 18-22
Teachers views about the preparation of questions for question bank on the basis of subject content for the formative assessment of the department.
Authors: Tasnim Sanjida , Tasnim Saria , Alam Kazi Khairul , Rahman ABM Rizwanur , Kibria Raihan
Published: June 2021

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the teachers views about the preparation of questions for question bank on the basis of subject content for the formative assessment of the department. The study was conducted in four government and four non-government dental colleges. The teachers of the selected dental colleges were the study population and sample size was total of a 165 in which were 53 head of the department and 112 lecturers. Data was collected from the teachers with a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS 19. The questionnaire included different types of opinion about the question bank. In this study, tried to extract the information mainly about how a full phased question bank works in a dental college including question pattern and answer key preparation, moderation & constant development of the question bank, key personnel who directly involved with question preparation. Faculty members expressed their valuable opinions about different types of formative questions where it was found that Assistant Professors were closely involved with question preparation rather than other faculty members. The study also explores that even if formative questions were well prepared but lack of standard answers, rating scales and accepted checklist made the ultimate process of accessing question bank becomes challenging to conduct specific exams.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(2) July 2021: 23-29
Development and validation of a novel customized medium for the marine microbial culture
Authors: Alam Md Morshedul , Ahmed Redwan , Amin Md Ariful , Hossain Mohammad Nazir
Published: June 2021

Marine microbes are difficult to culture and hence it takes expensive measure to study. Mostly metagenomics are suggested for marine microbial characterization instead of culturing them in a suitable medium. In this study, a new approach has been developed to culture the marine microorganisms. We customized the LB agar and liquid medium by adjusting the pH and salt concentration at seawater level and then studied the microbial load, their growth rate by turbidity assay and also identified their morphology through gram staining. This study ensures the comfortable growth of marine microbes at the laboratory level, which would further help the marine biotechnologists and microbiologists to work smoothly with marine microbial samples.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 999-1003, 2021 (June)
Genetic polymorphism and phylogenetic analysis of 15 autosomal STR markers in the Santal indigenous population of Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md Mahamud , Rahman Md Hadisur , Akhteruzzaman Sharif
Published: June 2021

Fifteen autosomal STR markers, namely D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA were typed using AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® Plus PCR amplification systems in 132 unrelated Santal individuals of Bangladesh. Forensic efficiency parameters like, matching probability (MP), power of discrimination (PD), polymorphism information content (PIC), power of exclusion (PE), typical paternity index (TPI), observed heterozygosity (Hobs), and expected heterozygosity (Hexp) were calculated for all the loci. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected for the loci after Bonferroni correction. The combined matching probability (MP), combined power of discrimination (PD) and combined power of exclusion (PE) for the 15 tested STR markers were 8.38 x 10-17, 0.999999998 and 0.0.999993866, respectively. A comparison of the locus wise allele frequencies of autosomal STR data of the Santal population with the published geographically close population data based on Nei’s genetic distance revealed that the Santal population is closely related to Munda population from Jharkhand, India.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1004-1009, 2021 (June)
Prevalence of fungi associated with storage seeds of different maize varieties
Authors: Sadia Ummay , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar Md Abul
Published: June 2021

A total of seven species of fungi were isolated from seed samples of maize (Zea mays L.) collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur. Association of fungi with maize seeds was recorded three times viz., within a month after harvest, after three and six months of storage at 25°C and 4°C. The fungal association varied with duration of storage period. Seven fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger Van Teighem, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Fsarium verticillioides, Penicillium italicum and Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., were isolated from the different maize varieties namely KhaiBhutta, Barnali, Mohor, Bari Misty Bhutta, BHM-3, BHM-5, BM-5, BHM-6, BHM-7, BM-7 and BHM-9. Species of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus were predominating fung iwhich increased with the increase of storage period.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1010-1018, 2021 (June)
Identification of frequently consumed commercially prepared ready-to-eat foods and beverages in Bangladesh
Authors: Choudhury Sohel Reza , Shamim Abu Ahmed , Shaheen Nazma , Bahar Nisarga , Sarwar Sneha , Ashraf Md Musharraf , Mamun Mohammad Abdullah Al , Sobhan Sheikh Mohammad Mahbubus , Abedin Md Joynul , Hossen Kabir , Amin Mohammad Robed , Alim Abdul
Published: June 2021

Ready-to-eat processed foods and beverages are eaten without further cooking or processing. These are generally energy-dense and contain a high amount of saturated fat, sodium, and added sugar. The consumption pattern of these foods varies regionally, seasonally, and agewise. The present study aims to identify commercially prepared ready-to-eat processed foods and beverages frequently consumed by different age groups in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh during the month of Ramadan and the non-Ramadan period. In this cross-sectional study, 948 individuals from 480 households in all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh were interviewed during the month of Ramadan and the Non- Ramadan period. We identified puffed rice, peyaju, chanachur, chips, unbranded ice cream to be the overall highly consumed foods, consumed by 46.3, 40.1, 39.6 38.0, and 33.1 percent respondents, respectively. Consumption of foods other than puffed rice was significantly different across the age groups (p<0.05). A significantly higher number of respondents consumed puffed rice, deep-fried foods (peyaju, beguni, jilapi), and branded ice cream during Ramadan as compared to the non-Ramadan period (p<0.05). It was also found that the overall consumption rate of packaged items was higher among the urban population as compared to the respondent living in rural areas. When the foods were scored according to their consumption rate stratified by age, fasting, and regions, puffed rice, chips, chanachur, unbranded ice cream, peyaju were found to be top foods. Considering frequent intake of processed foods their nutrient composition should be analyzed to know their healthiness.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1019-1030, 2021 (June)
Alteration of biomarkers of expired and cured COVID- 19 ICU patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Hasan Abu , Rahim Rummana , Rahman Mizanur
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV- 2). This is a retrospective observational study aimed to find the alteration of some biochemical and hematological parameters of 121 COVID-19 patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) of Evercare Hospital Dhaka during May to December 2020.

Methods: Retrospective biochemical, hematological and molecular (COVID-19 RT-PCR Ct value) markers were analyzed on COVID-19 patients in ICU and compared on those who died in the ICU and those cured.

Results: Comparison of viral titer assessed by RT-PCR Ct values of target genes of SARS-CoV-2 among cured and expired patients did not show any significant differences. However, biochemical parameters such as CRP, Ferritin and hematological parameters such as WBC, absolute neutrophil, absolute lymphocyte, D-dimer showed significant differences among cured and expired patients. Patients who died in ICU mean CRP, Ferritin, D-dimer, WBC, absolute neutrophil were 10.39, 7694.30, 3196, 16.38, 15.12 respectively, compared to cured patients 0.93, 457.57, 773, 11.24, 8.86 respectively, with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Platelets and absolute lymphocytes were observed decreased in expired patients compared to cured. Further, elevated level of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and reduced level of lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) has significant correlation with disease severity.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that biochemical parameters such as CRP, Ferritin and hematological parameters such as CBC, D-Dimer, NLR, LCR can be monitored to identify severity and fatality of COVID-19 patients and thus, may help in improving disease outcome.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1031-1037, 2021 (June)
A Study On Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Children with COVID-19 Attending A Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Iman Kazi , Mahbuba Sharmin , Rahat Farhana , Khanam Morsheda , Sultana Azmeri , Haque Md Fazlul
Published: June 2021

Background: An outbreak of COVID-19 caused by 2019 novel coronavirus started first in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. Thereafter it spreaded to different countries of the world. Cases among children has been increasing day by day. Despite taking all measures of prevention virus spreading is uncontrolled.

Objectives: To determine the clinical features and laboratory profile of children with COVID-19.

Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Dr. MR Khan Shishu Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Dhaka. Clinical and laboratory profile were analyzed among the children (aged 0-16 years) admitted between 1st May 2020 to November 2020 with positive RT-PCR for COVID-19. Data were analyzed by using SPSS.

Results: Total 159 cases were included in the study. The most common symptom was fever (97.5%), then the second most common was cough (80.5%), other symptoms were diarrhea (28.3%), vomiting (17%), anorexia (30.8%) and weakness (30.2%). WBC count was within normal limit, leucocytosis was found in 5% cases and leucopenia in 3% cases. Few cases were reported with neutropenia and lymphopenia. Few cases were reported as thrombocytosis. ESR and CRP were high. Chest X-ray showed opacities in 62.9% cases. In most of the cases it was bilateral, few cases showed unilateral. In 37.1% cases it was normal. The disease category of all infected children remained same all through the hospital stay and no mortality was seen.

Conclusion: Children with COVID-19 had distinct clinical features. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms. WBC count was found within normal limit but ESR and CRP were high. Chest radiograph showed opacities in majority cases. The outcome of COVID-19 in children was good.

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(2): 95-100
Students Qualified from Bangladesh Institute of Child Health Vol 36(2)
Authors: Editor -
Published: June 2021

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(2): 176
A Female with Evans Syndrome Presented with Pancytopenia
Authors: Chowdhury Md Rezaul Karim , Rashid Md Haroon Ur , Hossain Md Mahbub , Riyan Shafayet Hossain
Published: June 2021

Evans syndrome is an uncommon haematological disorder characterised by autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and/or immune neutropenia. It may occur in all ethnic groups, all ages and has no sex predilection. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is almost invariably positive. This condition generally runs a chronic course and is characterised by frequent exacerbations and remissions. Corticosteroids and/or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) are the most commonly used first line therapy. Here we report a case of a female who presented with severe shortness of breath, palpitation and low grade fever and on examination she was found severely pale and mildly icteric. Her CBC and PBF showed pancytopenia. Indirect bilirubin and LDH were raised and direct Coomb’s test was positive. She was labeled as a case of Evans syndrome and responded to oral prednisolone. On subsequent follow-up her haematological profiles remained normal.

J Enam Med Col 2020; 10(2): 114-117
College News Vol 10(2)
Authors: Parvin Rukhsana
Published: June 2021

Abstract not available

J Enam Med Col 2020; 10(2): 130-131
hermanos Landa Vizcarra
Authors: Valcárcel Salas Gustavo
Published: June 2021

Los hermanos Tomás y Bernardo Landa se iniciaron como defensores de la causa realista, después militaron en las luchas por la independencia teniendo un destacado protagonismo en las campañas de 1821 y 1823. Tomás fue emisario secreto de San Martín y uno de sus informantes más activo, fue condecorado con la Orden del Sol. Bernardo fue gobernador subdelegado de Moquegua; se une a Miller en 1821, convirtiéndose en su colaborador más eficaz en la brillante campaña del sur. Retorna a Moquegua para preparar la campaña a puertos Intermedios, es apresado y fusilado en 1822.
virrey que fungió de rey en América del Sur
Authors: Pérez Taquio Jorge Alberto
Published: June 2021

El vicesoberano don Fernando de Abascal y Souza fue un implacable defensor radical fidelista de los fueros del rey en el virreinato que había gobernado para fortuna de Fernando VII, quien se encontraba cautivo por los franceses. El virrey, un hombre con vasta experiencia en el ámbito militar y político, retrasó los afanes separatistas dentro del virreinato del Perú como fuera de él, ampliando los límites de su virreinato, luego de someter a sangre y fuego los intentos revolucionarios. Logró salvaguardar los territorios de su majestad de la ola de insurrecciones que venía desde Buenos Aires con dirección al Alto Perú, donde comenzaron los estallidos junteros que el virrey condujera con gran habilidad, incorporando los territorios del Alto Perú, Chile y Quito al control de Lima, que se convertirá en el centro de la contrarrevolución.
Causas estructurales y coyunturales de la Independencia Hispanoamericana en la Historiografía
Authors: Arpa Calachua Florentino
Published: June 2021

En las conmemoraciones del bicentenario de la independencia de los pueblos latinoamericanos, es importante conocer las explicaciones sobre las causas de su desarrollo y sus vinculaciones complejas. En la mayoría de los casos, las investigaciones identifican causas de orden interno y externo, sin considerar las relaciones existentes entre ellas. La propuesta de la investigación sobre las causas de la independencia ha permitido agruparlas en estructurales y coyunturales. Las primeras (las causas estructurales) nos permiten reconocer los cambios de larga duración que ya enfrentaba la humanidad al aproximarse al siglo XIX. En lo económico, el sistema feudal rivalizaba con el sistema capitalista; en lo político, las potencias de ultramar se enfrentaban por el dominio del mundo conocido; en lo social, las clases sociales enfrentaban serias contradicciones; en lo ideológico, el cambio del pensamiento teocéntrico al antropocéntrico terminó en un cuestionamiento del mundo existente. Las segundas (las causas coyunturales) son aquellas que aceleran y sacan a flote la crisis existente entre los años 1805 a 1814. Esta crisis se agudiza con la derrota de la flota española en Trafalgar en 1805, que permitió el control e influencia de Inglaterra en la economía y política de las colonias hispanoamericanas; otra causa fue la invasión napoleónica a España en 1808, que originó un vació de poder, que fue aprovechado por las provincias españolas en el nuevo mundo. Considerar las causas estructurales y coyunturales dentro del quehacer de la historia permitirá realizar las vinculaciones de dichas causas con las locales, permitiendo una adecuada interpretación histórica.
Pañuelo y falda del Carnaval de Camilaca
Authors: Umire Alvarez Adán
Published: June 2021

El Ministerio de Cultura define a las manifestaciones del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial como expresiones de identidad cultural y social, llevadas a cabo por una colectividad en forma unitaria o grupal, transmitidas de generación en generación. En ese sentido, se propone como patrimonio cultural inmaterial a los elementos expresados como pañuelo y falda del Carnaval de Camilaca por resumir sentimientos de identidad comunal, así como la transmisión de conocimientos artísticos en eventos de fiesta que son llevados a cabo anualmente. Estos elementos culturales también revaloran el trabajo y la labor realizada por el sector femenino de Camilaca.
Potensi Penguatan Gelombang Gempabumi oleh Sedimen Permukaan: Studi Kasus Daerah Pantai Utara Kendal
Authors: Setiawan Januar , Hidayat Hidayat , Setiawan Ahmad , Octavitania Riecca , Marjiyono Marjiyono
Published: June 2021

Daerah Kendal merupakan salah satu kawasan strategis nasional yang akan dikembangkan. Secara geologi bagian utara daerah ini tersusun oleh aluvium yang merupakan sedimen lunak dan dapat menyumbang resiko penguatan gelombang gempabumi. Kajian karakteristik geologi permukaan telah dilakukan di daerah ini dengan menggunakan kombinasi metode mikrotremor stasiun tunggal dan bersusun. Data mikrotremor bersusun yang dilakukan di 10 lokasi di daerah Kendal digunakan untuk sounding kecepatan gelombang geser secara 1D. Dalam penelitian ini pemodelan kondisi bawah permukaan didekati dengan model sederhana dua lapis dengan mempertimbangkan kontras kecepatan gelombang geser terbesar. Adapun data mikrotremor stasiun tunggal dilakukan di 208 lokasi, digunakan untuk memetakan ketebalan lapisan sedimen permukaan. Kecepatan gelombang geser lapisan sedimen permukaan di daerah ini berkisar antara 80-180 m/detik yang mencerminkan batuan sangat lunak. Batuan yang mengalasi sedimen permukaan mempunyai kecepatan gelombang geser antara 280-433 m/detik yang diduga masih merupakan fasies aluvium yang lebih tua. Hasil perhitungan nilai penguatan gelombang oleh lapisan sedimen permukaan diperoleh nilai 1,1 – 1,87 dengan zona berpenguatan gelombang tinggi menempati daerah sekitar pantai dan pinggiran sungai besar. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk bahan pertimbangan dalam penataan ruang wilayah yang akan dikembangkan.Katakunci : mikrotremor stasiun bersusun, mikrotremor stasiun tunggal, kecepatan gelombang geser, penguatan gelombang, tataruang wilayah.
Karakteristik Batuan Mesozoikum di Daerah Bengkayang : Berdasarkan Kandungan Unsur Anorganik
Authors: Hakim Fauzi Sukma Nur , Setijadi Rachmad
Published: June 2021

Pengetahuan tentang kondisi geologi pada umur Mesozoikum mengalami perkembangan yang cukup lambat, karena keterbatasan data geologi yang cukup jarang tersingkap di lapangan. Daerah Bengkayang dan sekitarnya secara tektonik merupakan bagian dari Sundaland. Daerah ini dilalui oleh beberapa struktur geologi, menyebabkan batuan yang berumur Mesozoikum tersingkap ke permukaan. Data meassuring section pada lokasi penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan fluktuatif suplai sedimen yang ada di daerah penelitian, dari lingkungan transisi hingga ke laut. Hasil analisis XRF pada umur Trias akhir - Jura, ditemukan kelimpahan unsur Si dan Fe, baru kemudian diikuti dengan unsur Ca dan K, sedangkan pada umur Kapur terjadi penurunan sedikit unsur Si dan Fe,  untuk unsur Ca dan K masih relatif sama. Pada umur Kapur Akhir - Oligosen terjadi penurunan kelimpahan unsur Fe, namun terjadi penaikan kelimpahan unsur Si dan C, mengindikasikan suplai sedimen pada umur Trias - Jura berasal dari lingkungan transisi, sedangkan pada umur Kapur suplai sedimen semakin menuju ke arah laut.Katakunci: Mesozoikum, XRF, Sundaland, Bengkayang.
Depositional Environment of Deep-Water Fan Facies: A Case Study of the Middle Miocene Interval at the Kutei and North Makassar Basins
Authors: Nugrahanto Kuntadi , Syafri Ildrem , Muljana Budi
Published: June 2021

Massive exploration effort in the study area was conducted in 1996-2014 when deep-water drilling campaign found significant oil and gas discoveries but yet to optimally reach the middle Miocene deep-water sandstone reservoirs. Outcrops, well bores and 2D-seismic data had been incorporated in this study. Datum age from several taxon indicators have been utilized to correlate and unify various markers across the study area into four key biostratigraphy markers: M40, M45, M50, and M65. These four markers are at that point tied to the 2D seismic data in the act of the main horizons in conducting the seismic stratigraphy analysis over the study area not reached by wells. Identifying candidate of sub-regional sequence boundaries onshore and offshore that correspond with relative sea-level drops are the main result of this study. These results were integrated to generate the deep-water fan facies of the middle Miocene's gross depositional environment (GDE) maps, which generally show prograding succession easterly in the various shelf-breaks shifting laterally. The angle of slope and the horizontal length of the shelf-to-slope breaks significantly change from the Middle to Late Miocene until Recent time.Keywords: GDE, deep-water fan, Middle Miocene, Kutei, North Makassar.
Studi Magnetotelurik (MT) untuk Mendelineasi Potensi Regional Gas Serpih Bawah Permukaan Berdasarkan Properti Tahanan Jenis di Cekungan Kutai, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Hidayat Hidayat , H. Setiawan JB Januar , Ibrahim Adrian , Marjiyono Marjiyono , Lucki Junursyah G.M
Published: June 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian menggunakan metode magnetotelurik (MT) pada 40 titik lokasi pengukuran di sekitar Cekungan Kutai, Kalimantan Timur. Studi ini bermaksud untuk mengkarakterisasi keberadaan batuan induk untuk potensi gas serpih berdasarkan nilai tahanan jenis. Guna memperoleh gambaran kondisi geologi bawah permukaan yang baik, pengolahan data secara objektif dilakukan agar memperoleh kualitas data MT terbaik. Beberapa teknik pengolahan data seperti robust processing dan seleksi cross power (XPR) diaplikasikan untuk memisahkan komponen data dari gangguan sehingga memperoleh gambaran bawah permukaan yang dapat dipercaya dari kedalaman yang relatif dangkal hingga sangat dalam melalui tahap pemodelan inversi 2-D. Model inversi terdiri dari 3 penampang vertikal, yaitu penampang A-B, C-D dan E-F dengan arah relatif barat â€“ timur yang memotong Antiklinorium Samarinda dengan panjang lintasan berturut-turut Â±50 km, Â±48 km dan Â±32 km. Berdasarkan ketiga penampang vertikal tersebut, informasi sebaran anomali tahanan jenis rendah regional berhasil dipetakan yang selanjutnya ditafsirkan sebagai respon keberadaan batuan induk gas serpih di bawah permukaan. Pada penampang A-B, bagian atas lapisan konduktif ini diperoleh pada kedalaman yang bervariasi pada rentang kedalaman 1000-5000 m di bawah permukaan. Sementara itu, lapisan konduktif pada penampang C-D diperoleh pada kedalaman yang bervariasi dengan rentang 1500-7000 m di bawah permukaan, sedangkan anomali serupa pada penampang E-F diperoleh pada sekitar kedalaman 2000-3000 m. Variasi kedalaman lapisan konduktif ini ditafsirkan akibat adanya struktur geologi berupa patahan dan lipatan di sepanjang ketiga penampang vertikal yang tercermin dari adanya Antiklinorium Samarinda di permukaan.Katakunci: Cekungan Kutai, gas serpih, magnetotelurik, tahanan jenis.
Is the hydrogen-powered train a possibility for Hong Kong’s new railway projects?
Authors: Chan Jacky Ping Pan
Published: June 2021

Prized for its emission-free nature, cutting-edge hydrogen fuel cell technology is maturing and thus gaining global interest. As a sustainable energy source and storage, hydrogen power has grown into a possible solution to curtail global warming. In the transport industry, the hydrogen train has been seen as a successful application in Germany. With the new railway project opportunities in Hong Kong, this study will examine the preliminary feasibility of introducing hydrogen trains to this cosmopolitan city in Asia. This paper focuses on the socio-economic impact on various stakeholders as a qualitative analysis. The carbon footprint savings in switching to hydrogen train operation is estimated as quantitative analysis.
On Noncrossing and Plane Tree-Like Structures
Authors: OKOTH Isaac Owino
Published: June 2021

Mathematical trees are connected graphs without cycles, loops and multiple edges. Various trees such as Cayley trees, plane trees, binary trees, $d$-ary trees, noncrossing trees among others have been studied extensively. Tree-like structures such as Husimi graphs and cacti are graphs which posses the conditions for trees if, instead of vertices, we consider their blocks. In this paper, we use generating functions and bijections to find formulas for the number of noncrossing Husimi graphs, noncrossing cacti and noncrossing oriented cacti. We extend the work to obtain formulas for the number of bicoloured noncrossing Husimi graphs, bicoloured noncrossing cacti and bicoloured noncrossing oriented cacti. Finally, we enumerate plane Husimi graphs, plane cacti and plane oriented cacti according to number of blocks, block types and leaves.
A review on the phytochemical properties of five selected genera of orchids
Authors: Lalrosangpuii  , Lalrokimi
Published: June 2021

Orchidaceae family includes some of the most important ornamental plants with medicinal purposes. It is one of the largest groups among the Angiosperms. Even though there are several studies on the medicinal purposes of orchidaceae, lesser is known about the phytochemical compound present in the different parts of the plant. Therefore, in this present review paper five genus from Orchidaceae family has been selected to highlight the important phytochemical compounds present in the orchid plant. The commonly found phytochemicals are alkaloid, flavanoid, phenol, terpenoid, steroid and saponin.
Pendidikan anak dalam konsep Islam
Authors: Nurrita Teni
Published: June 2021

Pendidikan yang diberikan kepada anak merupakan suatu persiapan kematangan anak dalam menghadapi masa yang akan datang. Peran pendidik dan orang tua dalam mendidik anak sangat penting karena dapat melihat potensi pada anak. Pengertian pendidikan adalah bimbingan, pembinaan atau pertolongan yang diberikan oleh pendidik kepada peserta didik agar tercapai perkembangan yang maksimal sesuai dengan bakat, potensi manusia untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan. Pada fase anak-anak adanya keingingan anak untuk keluar rumah dan bermain dengan teman sebaya sehingga dapat berkomunikasi yang luas dan anak dapat belajar berbagai ketrampilan untuk mencoba hal-hal yang baru dari lingkungannya. Pendidikan anak sangat penting di dalam Islam karena anak merupakan generasi penerus yang akan melanjutkan kehidupan di masa yang akan datang. Adapun Ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang berhubungan dengan pendidikan anak adalah (QS. Lukman: 13,14, 15, 16, 17, 18 dan 19). Akhlak mulia yang bisa ditanamkan pada jiwa anak-anak dalam pendidikan Islam yaitu: (a) Mengenal dan mencintai Allah. (b) Mencintai Rasulullah. (c) Belajar dan membiasakan membaca al-Qur’an. (d) Mengajarkan ibadah. Orang tua mempunyai tugas mendidik anak yakni mengenalkan Allah Swt, ditanamkan bahwa Allah itu ada, Esa dan tidak ada Tuhan lain selain Allah, seperti mengajak anak untuk melihat ciptaan Allah Swt supaya anak mempunyai kemampuan berfikir bahwa Allah-lah yang menciptakan alam semesta. Kemudian anak-anak hendaklah dikenalkan kepada kepribadian Rasulullah Saw sebagi sosok idola anak muslim dengan menceritakan kisah keteladan maupun kepahlawanan beliau sehingga ada rasa kagum dalam diri anak terhadap Rasulullah. Orangtua juga harus memberi contoh kepada anak dalam membaca al-Qur’an sehingga mereka terbiasa mendengar lantunan ayat suci setiap hari di rumah dan juga mempunyai tugas dan kewajibannya untuk mengajarkan anak dalam beribadah.
Implementasi pendidikan karakter berbasis al-quran dan as-sunnah: studi kasus kelas 6 SD al-Wildan Islamic School (Nurul Islam) Tangerang
Authors: Alghifary Slamet Ubaidillah , Rena Syahida , Ratu Fadhilah Ine
Published: June 2021

Pendidikan karakter berbasis al-Qur‟an dan as-Sunnah di SD Al-Wildan Islamic School (Nurul Islam) adalah program unggulan sekolah, tujuannya untuk pembentukan karakter mulia sesuai al-Qur‟an dan as-Sunnah pada diri peserta didik melalui pembelajaran sehari-hari di kelas, didukung dengan 3 kurikulum nasional, internasional dan pesantren melalui proses stimulan pendidkan karakter yang lama sejak kelas 1 sehingga di kelas 6 sudah menjadi karakter anak. Sistem evaluasi penilaian Quality Control (QC) siswa yang ketat, kemudian di nilai dan di tindak lanjuti pada program-program pendukung yaitu pelatihan guru-guru, program sosialisasi, program parent visit class (PVC), program rumah tahfizh, dengan rumusan nilai: (1) penanaman adab dan akhlak yang mulia, (2) kebersihan lingkungan, (3) sosial Masyarakat, (4) kesadaran beribadah, (5) cinta tanah air. Implementasi materi dapat dilihat pada: (1) Penyambutan siswa, (2) Bimbingan Wali kelas, (3) membuat tata tertib dikelas, (4) makan siang bersama guru dikelas, (5) mengadakan lomba kebersihan dan keindahan kelas, (6) mengadakan kegiatan bakti sosial, (7) membaca zikir pagi dan petang, (8) shalat dhuha, (9) shalat berjamaah, (10), mengadakan upacara. Faktor pendukung yakni adanya ketaatan dan disiplin guru dalam menjalankan tugas amanah, konsistensi pimpinan, adanya sinergi antara guru, wali murid dan siswa. Faktor penghambat yakni siswa baru yang belum berkarakter al-Qur‟an dan belum bisa mengaji.
Patients Risk Stratification in the Management of Osteoporosis: the Latest International Guidelines
Authors: Chionh Siok Bee
Published: June 2021

Assessment of risk of a fragility fracture is a vital step a physician needs to undertake in every patient suspected of osteoporosis, as this will influence the decisions on whether to treat with a pharmacological agent, with which drug, and for how long. After risk stratification, patients deemed Very High-Risk should be considered for an anabolic agent, or if this is not feasible, a parenteral anti-resorptive. High- Risk or Moderate-Risk patients may be considered for oral bisphosphonates.
Dietary Interventions for Weight Loss
Authors: Kerner Izabela
Published: June 2021

Obesity is a complex and chronic condition that requires continuing care. A variety of diet plans are available for use in the clinical setting. Exactly what type of diet may be most beneficial remains controversial. Numerous clinical trials have been carried out over the years comparing an array of dietary interventions for weight loss, including calorie restriction diets, altered macronutrient composition diets or specific dietary patterns. This paper will provide an overview of the evidence-based dietary interventions for clinical practice.
Прочность и деформативность штифтовых соединений стальных строительных конструкций
Authors: СИМАКОВ Василий Дмитриевич , НИКИТИН Георгий Петрович
Published: June 2021

Штифтовые (пальцевые) соединения стальных конструкций часто используются в строительстве при необходимости создания идеальных шарнирных узлов, а также по эстетическим причинам. В качестве примера рассмотрены опорные узлы наклонных и вертикальных стоек эксплуатируемого навеса на реконструируемом объекте в Москве. При их расчете и конструировании авторами статьи решен ряд сложных задач с применением численных и экспериментальных исследований. Известное разрушение пальцевого соединения кpепления вантовой оттяжки кpыши в ледовом дворце "Кpылатское" (Москва) в совокупности с большим разбросом по выбору методик расчета прочности и с отсутствием рекомендаций по расчету эксплуатационной пригодности вызвало необходимость проведения многофакторных исследований прочности и деформативности штифтовых соединений. Стыки - наиболее ответственная часть конструкции, и разрушение любой несущей системы начинается именно с них. Следовательно, определение их фактического напряженно-деформированного состояния и разработка оптимальной методики расчета - актуальная задача. Проанализированы результаты теоретических, численных и экспериментальных исследований прочности и деформативности штифтовых соединений, примененных на реконструируемом объекте. На основании проведенных исследований разработаны рекомендации по расчету и конструированию штифтовых соединений строительных конструкций, которые позволяют гарантировать обеспечение требуемой прочности, эксплуатационной пригодности и долговечности.
Изгибаемые конструкции, усиленные с использованием стальных витых крестообразных стержней
Authors: ЖАДАНОВ Виктор Иванович , АРКАЕВ Максим Александрович , РУДНЕВ Игорь Владимирович , УКРАИНЧЕНКО Дмитрий Александрович
Published: June 2021

В процессе эксплуатации деревянных конструкций из цельной древесины зачастую возникает необходимость их восстановления и усиления. Анализ различных вариантов усиления изгибаемых конструкций показал, что наиболее простым и эффективным способом является усиление путем увеличения поперечного сечения. Составное сечение образуется за счет использования соединительных связей, при этом в рамках усиления эксплуатируемых конструкций целесообразно использовать дискретные механические связи нагельного типа. На пути эволюционного развития таких связей был разработан стальной стержень витой формы крестообразного поперечного сечения. Рассматриваемый вариант связей обладает рядом преимуществ по сравнению с традиционными типами связей, что и определяет целесообразность их использования для усиления изгибаемых конструкций. Приведены теоретические исследования изгибаемой балки составного поперечного сечения, образованного с использованием витых крестообразных стержней. Представлены результаты численных исследований напряженно-деформированного состояния конструкции, проведенных в программном комплексе ANSYS WorkBench. Выполнен анализ полученных результатов и проведено их сопоставление с экспериментальными исследованиями натурных образцов аналогичного конструктивного решения. Полученные данные показали, что предложенные типы витых крестообразных стержней обеспечивают необходимую прочность и жесткость усиленных с их помощью конструкций.
Архитектурные и технологические особенности большепролетного светопрозрачного покрытия стадиона «Казань-Арена»
Authors: ОКЕАНОВ Геннадий Вадимович , ГРАНЁВА Анна Викторовна
Published: June 2021

Рассмотрены актуальные вопросы проектирования и строительства большепролетных светопрозрачных покрытий как важного элемента многофункциональных спортивных комплексов на примере стадиона "Казань-Арена". Приведены примеры единых технологических решений, обеспечивающих многорежимность работы комплексов. Определены технологические особенности светопрозрачных ограждающих конструкций, влияющих на архитектурно-строительные решения крупных спортивных сооружений. Представлено описание современной высокотехнологичной светопрозрачной кровельной системы на основе модульных поликарбонатных панелей. Обоснована целесообразность уникальных конструктивных решений для зданий и сооружений, определяющих облик города. Рассмотрено взаимное влияние проектных решений каркаса и кровли при формировании сложной большепролетной конструкции, а также проблемы, возникающие при их согласовании в процессе ускоренного производства работ. Отмечается необходимость совершенствования нормативно-технической документации для обеспечения эффективного проектирования. Приведены примеры организации производства работ на строительной площадке, последовательности и состава технологических операций в процессе монтажа. Отмечено, что полученный при создании проекта стадиона "Казань-Арена" опыт использовался затем при проектировании и строительстве других крупных многофункциональных спортивных сооружений.
Моделирование и расчет перекрытий высотных зданий в нелинейной постановке
Authors: ДАВИДЮК Артем Алексеевич , БАГЛАЕВ Николай Николаевич , ШОКОТ Святослав Вячеславович , ЕЛИСЕЕВ Кирилл Алексеевич
Published: June 2021

Подбор армирования, его проверка и перерасчет при проектировании высотных монолитных зданий являются одной из основных инженерных задач. В статье рассмотрена работа перекрытий высотных монолитных зданий в различных постановках: в упругой постановке, с учетом нелинейности в упругой постановке и с учетом физической нелинейности (в неупругой постановке). Проведено сравнение армирования перекрытий в нескольких расчетных ситуациях. В зависимости от постановки упругой задачи армирование перекрытий, полученное для рассмотренных вариантов, имеет существенные различия как на опоре, так и в пролете. Эти различия связаны с учетом работы основания здания, с распределением жесткости при сжатии вертикальных конструкций в разных зонах здания. При расчете монолитного перекрытия в нелинейной постановке получены результаты, которые можно применять в практических расчетах. Для инженерных расчетов рекомендуется вести анализ и подбор армирования для перекрытия, вырезанного из несущей системы здания.
Перспективы использования советского и российского опыта территориального планирования в странах Африки
Authors: ПУСТОВГАР Виктор Иванович , СУГАКОВ Глеб Константинович
Published: June 2021

Комплексно рассмотрены вопросы сотрудничества России со странами Африки в сфере территориального планирования. Актуальность исследования обусловлена общим ростом взаимных политических и экономических контактов между сторонами, но пока не в данной сфере. Выявлен большой потенциал наращивания сотрудничества в вопросах градостроительства и геоурбанистики. Для анализа ситуации в территориальном планировании в африканских странах использован исторический метод, так как современные системы во многом остаются неизменными еще с колониальных времен. Приоритетные задачи пространственного развития России в настоящее время - это развитие структуры пространственной организации производительных сил, рациональное и комплексное природопользование, охрана окружающей среды, а также реализация программ по жилищному строительству, созданию комфортной среды проживания в городах и других поселениях. Сделан вывод о том, что для стран Африки актуальны советская и российская концепции опорного каркаса расселения и стратегия пространственного развития страны, геоинформационные системы, нормативное правовое обеспечение градостроительной деятельности, включая состав документов территориального планирования и градостроительного зонирования, планировки территорий, однако их внедрение потребует адаптации и учета местной специфики.
On the hegemonic power of the pandemic discourse
Authors: Alexander Richard J.
Published: June 2021

The paper claims that corona discourse is here to stay. The pandemic has achieved hegemony over humanity. The everyday discourse patterns that from the start were packed with medical and epidemiological terms and phrases have come to stay. And epidemiology has become in no uncertain terms the new hegemony. What has happened brings to mind Gramsci’s idea of hegemony which captures and imprisons us. One section looks at how the UK government dealt with the pandemic. Some aspects have been underplayed by the government from the start of the pandemic. One is how COVID-19 has affected certain socio-economic groups and professions differently. What the majority of the media comments on COVID-19 and the measures being taken, such as the just quoted UK politicians and experts are involved in, lack is a bigger picture. Their attention is focused on immediate problems and proximate causes. The effects of the pandemic on people’s lives are briefly analyzed. The rapid vaccine production and rollout have changed the situation.
At the same time, the emergence and rapid spread of new variants have demonstrated what global health experts warned all along: that none of us is safe until everyone is safe.
Subsequent sections discuss, firstly, the focus on molecular biology and the neglect of the broader eco-social frame within which such viruses develop. Secondly, the failure to prepare for the current pandemic is alluded to. A significant issue concerning the role of the European Union and the pharmaceutical companies like AstraZeneca in the delivery of vaccines is discussed. Attempts and actions to counteract the hegemonic control are outlined.
The discussion of the situation of COVID-19 within the broader context of environmental disintegration rounds off the paper.
Study of the effect of removing dental plaque using low-frequency ultrasound and ozonized contact medium on the clinical course of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis of young people
Authors: Mhoyan G. R. , Razumova S. N. , Volkov A. G. , Dikopova N. Z. , Brago A. S. , Akhmedbaeva S. S.
Published: June 2021

The dental status of 148 patients aged 18 to 22 years. All students who were diagnosed with generalized catarrhal gingivitis (46) were carried out removal of dental plaque with ozonation of the environment. The results of clinical studies indicate the high efficiency of the use of the removal of dental plaque using low-frequency ultrasound using an ozonized contact medium in the treatment of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis. The treatment carried out using this method contributed to the elimination of inflammation, the normalization of blood circulation in the gums. 3 months after the treatment, the achieved effect was preserved, which was confirmed by the data of clinical and functional research methods. Despite a slight increase in inflammation in the gums and a deterioration in microcirculation indicators, even a year after treatment, the indicators characterizing the degree of inflammatory and microcirculatory disorders in the gums retained significant differences compared to the values obtained before the treatment.
Localization of the epulis in the area of the implants. Clinical case
Authors: Zelensky V. I. , Dolgalev A. A. , Yusupov R. D. , Chagarov A. A. , Yusupov Kh. R. , Lezhava N. L.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Epulis is a benign neoplasm that is quite common in the practice of a dentist. It is a soft tissue formation on the peduncle that connects it to the gum. Sources of growth of epulis are most often the periodontium of the tooth, therefore, the neoplasm is very rarely found on the edentulous jaw or in the area of implants. Treatment of epulis is to eliminate the etiological factor, and excision of the formation together with the periosteum. In our practice, we first encountered an epulis that appeared in the area of previously installed implants. The excised mass was sent for pathological and histological examination, according to the results of which the conclusion was given: angiomatous epulis with a giant cell area with an expression.
Improvement of clinical protocols for diagnostics and orthodontic treatment of dental anomalies taking into account individual morphological features
Authors: Kochkonyan T. S. , Shkarin V. V. , Domenyuk D. A. , Dmitrienko D. S. , Potryasova A. M. , Rozhkova M. G. , Dmitrienko T. D.
Published: June 2021

Biometric studies of plaster models of the jaws and cone-beam computed tomography were carried out in 72 people of the first period of adulthood with a full set of permanent teeth and physiological varieties of occlusal relationships of dental arches. Patients, depending on the location of the incisors, are divided into three groups. The first group included patients with a mesotrusive incisor position and an inter-incisor angle of 130–140°. The second group consisted of people with physiological protrusion of the incisors and the parameters of the inter-incisal angle less than 130°. In patients of the third group, the value of the inter-incisal angle was more than 140ы°, and physiological retrusion of the incisors was noted. Analysis of the morphometric study of the anterior part of the dental arches showed the dependence of its shape and size on the vestibular-lingual inclination (torque) of the incisors. In people with the mesotrusive type of arches, the correspondence between the intercanine and premolar distances was determined. In people with protrusive type of arches, an increase in the distance between the canines was noted, compared to the distance between the premolars by more than 2 mm, and a decrease in the intercanine size by 2 mm is characteristic of people with the retrusive type of arches. The obtained data on the features of the parameters of the anterior part of the dental arches can be used as express diagnostics of the type of dental arches.