bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
XA-Novo: an accurate and high-throughput mass spectrometry-based de novo sequencing technology for monoclonal antibodies and antibody mixtures
Authors: Xiong Yueting , Jiang Wenbin , Xiao Jin , Bu Qingfang , Wang Jingyi , Jiang Zhenjian , Luo Ling , Chen Xiaoqing , Qiu Yijie , Wu Yangtao , Liu Fan , Yu Rongshan , Xia Ning-Shao , Yuan Quan
Published: February 2025

Elucidating antibody sequences by mass spectrometry (MS)-based de novo sequencing is essential but challenging. Herein, we propose XA-Novo, an accurate, robust, high-throughput de novo sequencing solution that integrates a single-pot multi-enzymatic gradient digestion method with a beam search-based Fusion assembler to accurately decipher complete antibody sequences at both the sample preparation stage and the data analysis phase. We first benchmark XA-Novo using data from multiple known antibodies across various species, demonstrating that it outperforms commercial solutions in identification capacity, data completeness, and antibody reconstruction accuracy. Furthermore, XA-Novo successfully reconstructs three immunotherapeutic antibodies with unknown sequences, and in vitro assays validating that the generated antibodies exhibit equivalent functionality to their commercial counterparts. Furthermore, XA-Novo excels in discriminating mixtures of COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies, achieving over 99% sequence coverage accuracy, further validating the effectiveness and flexibility of our solution. We anticipate that XA-Novo will be a powerful tool for future antibody research applications.
Regularized win ratio regression for variable selection and risk prediction, with an application to a cardiovascular trial
Authors: Mao Lu
Published: February 2025

Background: The win ratio has been widely used in the analysis of hierarchical composite endpoints, which prioritize critical outcomes such as mortality over nonfatal, secondary events. Although a regression framework exists to incorporate covariates, it is limited to low-dimensional datasets and may struggle with numerous predictors.This gap necessitates a robust variable selection method tailored to the win ratio framework.

Methods: We propose an elastic net-type regularization approach for win ratio regression, extending the proportional win-fractions (PW) model in low-dimensional settings. The method addresses key challenges, including adapting pairwise comparisons to penalized regression, optimizing model selection through subject-level cross-validation, and defining performance metrics via a generalized concordance index. The procedures are implemented in the wrnet R-package, publicly available at https://lmaowisc.github.io/wrnet/.

Results: Simulation studies demonstrate that wrnet outperforms traditional (regularized) Cox regression for time-to-first-event analysis, particularly in scenarios with differing covariate effects on mortality and nonfatal events. When applied to data from the HF-ACTION trial, the method identified prognostic variables and achieved superior predictive accuracy compared to regularized Cox models, as measured by overall and component-specific concordance indices.

Conclusion: The wrnet approach combines the interpretability and clinical relevance of the win ratio with the scalability and robustness of elastic net regularization. The accompanying R-package provides a user-friendly interface for routine application of the procedures, whenever appropriate. Future research could explore additional applications or refine the methodology to address non-proportionalities in win-loss risks and nonlinearities in covariate effects.
Compound heterozygous PROC mutations cause lipedema in humans
Authors: Wang Jiqiu , Yang Ruikai , Ni Mengshan , Gu Weiqiong , Gu Bin , Zhang Juan , Zhu Yinmeng , Jia Yingying , Xie Zhiyao , Li Jiafu , Liu Chunye , Zhao Yuxiao , Yuan Bo , Bao Qiyuan , Xu Heng , Ding Qiurong , Wang Weiqing , Liu Ruixin , Ning Guang , Zeng Yi
Published: February 2025

Lipedema is a hereditary disorder characterized by excessive accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the limbs. The genetic causes and mechanisms underlying abnormal adipocyte expansion in lipedema, however, remain unknown. Here, we identify compound heterozygous mutations in the PROC gene in three lipedema patients from two unrelated consanguineous families. In vitro studies demonstrate the wild-type Protein C (PC), encoded by PROC, plays an inhibitory role in adipogenesis; conversely, the identified PC mutants, p.R271Q and p.R272H, fail to inhibit this process. In mice, the receptor of PC (PROCR) marks adipocyte progenitors, and conditional deletion of PROCR in these cells leads to an increased number of newborn adipocytes within white adipose tissue (WAT). Transcriptomic analysis alongside chemical blockage tests identifies HIF-1α as a primary downstream transcription factor mediating PC–PROCR signaling in adipogenesis. Furthermore, adipose biopsy samples from the patients’ thighs exhibit hyperplastic expansion of adipocytes, while single-nucleus RNA sequencing confirms increased adipogenic capacity and down-regulated HIF-1α activity in affected subjects. These findings establish PROC as the first causal gene for human lipedema and unveil a previously unexpected role of the PC–PROCR axis in orchestrating adipogenesis.
Ultrafast charge-transfer-induced spin transition in cobalt-tungstate molecular photomagnets
Authors: Ohkoshi Shin-ichi , Nakamura Kazuki , Nakabayashi Koji , Guérin Laurent , Privault Gaël , Herve Marius , Collet Eric
Published: February 2025

In photoinduced phase transition materials, where both charge transfer and spin transition occur, there has been a long debate on which of the two processes are leading the phase transition. Herein, we present experimental evidence supporting an optically charge-transfer-induced spin transition (CTIST) process, as demonstrated through femtosecond optical spectroscopy in two-dimensional cyanido-bridged cobalt-tungstate photomagnets. Optical and magnetic investigations reveal that the optical excitation of the ground low-temperature (LT) CoIIILS-WIV state drives a photoinduced phase transition towards the CoIIHS-WV state, similar to the high temperature (HT) state. Ultrafast spectroscopy further indicates that this optical excitation of the intermetallic W-to-Co charge-transfer band produces a transient photoexcited (PE) CoIILS-WV state, which decays within 130 fs through a spin transition towards the CoIIHS-WV state. Here we show that the CTIST dynamics corresponds to the CoIIILS-WIV (LT) → CoIILS-WV (PE) → CoIIHS-WV (HT) sequence. The present work sheds a new light on understanding optical dynamics underlying the photoinduced phase transitions.
Chronic Suppression of a Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Prosthetic Joint Infection Using Personalized Bacteriophage Treatment
Authors: Urish Kenneth , Arya Rekha , Sadaka Nadine , Frear Andrew , Rempuszewski Jewelia , Ma DongZhu , Knapick Beth , Parker Dana , Cooper Vaughn , Tyne Daria Van , Shah Neel , Doub James , Akbey Ümit , Fackler Joseph , Basu Subhendu , Garber Arkadiy
Published: February 2025

Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections without antibiotic options are a public health emergency. Infections associated with medical implants serve as an example. Conventional antibiotics have limited ability to eradicate these infections as they are associated with antibiotic-tolerant biofilms. Here, we report the use of bacteriophage therapy for the treatment of a MDR, non-operable Pseudomonas aeruginosa periprosthetic joint infection that had failed multiple antibiotic and surgical interventions. Treatment with intermittent bacteriophage therapy alone without antibiotics over a 2 year time period resulted in clinical resolution of the infection, but not microbiological eradication. Bacteriophage therapy established this control, in part, by altering bacterial virulence and disrupting biofilm. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated the continued presence of bacteriophage during treatment without integration into the bacteria genome. This provides preliminary evidence that bacteriophage can be used to treat multidrug-resistant infections when antibiotic options do not exist.
Assessment of Radon gas concentration in companies' warehouses and ventilation CFD modeling
Authors: Hassan Ramadan
Published: February 2025

Radon (Rn-222) is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that, when inhaled along with its decay products, can increase the risk of lung cancer. This study assessed potential radon exposure risks in warehouses by analyzing concentration levels and their relationship with ventilation conditions. Results revealed significant variations in radon concentrations across different locations, emphasizing the need for further investigation and mitigation measures. A warehouse room model was simulated using CFD in SimScale to analyze airflow and radon dispersion. The average radon concentration across the sampled sites was 27.68 Bq/m³, well below the WHO reference level of 100 Bq/m³ (2.7 pCi/L). However, poorly ventilated areas exhibited much higher levels, with Sample 18 reaching 68.7 Bq/m³, while well-ventilated areas, such as Sample 7, recorded only 12.6 Bq/m³. The mean annual effective dose (AED) was 0.175 mSv/year, within the ICRP’s recommended public exposure limit of 1 mSv/year. However, some poorly ventilated locations exceeded this average, with AED values reaching 0.433 mSv/year, indicating potential health risks. The estimated average lifetime lung cancer probability (CPPP) was 3.14 × 10⁻⁶. The study highlights how warehouse ventilation systems primarily circulate air at higher levels, neglecting lower zones where radon accumulates. Improving ventilation at lower levels is crucial to ensuring safer air quality and minimizing health risks for workers.
3D Spatiotemporal Activation Mapping of Cardiac Organoids Using Conformal Shell Microelectrode Arrays (MEAs)
Authors: Kim Deok-Ho , Choi Soo Jin , Liu Zhaoyu , Yang Feiyu , Wang Hanwen , George Derosh , Gracias David
Published: February 2025

Cardiac organoids have emerged as transformative models for investigating cardiogenesis and cardiac diseases. While traditional 2D microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have been used to assess the functionality of cardiac organoids, they are limited to electrophysiological measurements from a single plane and do not capture the 3D propagation of electrical signals. Here, we present a programmable, shape-adaptive shell MEA designed to map the electrical activity across the entire surface of cardiac organoids. These shell MEAs are fabricated on-chip, with tunable dimensions and electrode layout, enabling precise encapsulation of spherical organoids. Using shell MEAs, we generated 3D isochrone maps with conduction velocity vectors, revealing the speed and trajectory of electrical signal propagation in spontaneously beating cardiac organoids. The optical transparency of the shell MEAs allowed for simultaneous calcium imaging, validating the electrophysiological propagation pattern. To demonstrate their utility in cardiotoxicity screening, we monitored the electrophysiological changes of organoids treated with isoproterenol and E-4031 over nine days. We anticipate that shell MEAs, combined with spatiotemporal mapping, can significantly advance the development of spatially organized cardiac organoids, structural disease models, and high-throughput drug screening platforms.
Sustained Release of Dual p38 Inhibitors via Supramolecular Hydrogels to Enhance Cardiac Repair after MI/R Injury
Authors: Wang Di , Xu Aoxue , Su Haitao , Zhang Youpei , Jiang Lingling , Wang Yaguang , Liang Gaolin , Zhang Ye
Published: February 2025

Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase plays an important role in the progression of ventricular muscle inflammation after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R). The inhibition of p38 activation in ischemic myocardium can reduce ventricular muscle remodeling post-MI. However, owing to the dynamic change of p38 in ischemic myocardium after MI, the clinical therapeutic effect of p38 inhibitors is insufficient. Herein, we describe the design of a hydrogelator Nap-Phe-Phe-Thr-Gly-Tyr-OH (Nap-TGY) to coassemble the p38 inhibitor SB202190 (SB), a p38 responsive supramolecular hydrogel (Gel Nap-TGY+SB) for local administration and p38 responsive release of SB to efficiently improve the inflammatory microenvironment. Under the overexpression of p38 in ischemic myocardium, Nap-TGY in the hydrogel is phosphorylated to yield hydrophilic Nap-Phe-Phe-Thr(H2PO3)-Gly-Tyr(H2PO3) (Nap-TpGYp), triggering the disassembly of the hydrogel and a responsive release of the inhibitor. Injection of hydrogel into the ischemic myocardium significantly reduces p38 phosphorylation, mitigates inflammation, and enhances angiogenesis. These findings suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for ischemic cardiomyopathy through modulation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.
Development of a Foundation Fieldbus Access Equipment
Authors: DING Changfu , ZHANG Bo , LI Xiaowei , YANG Qingyu
Published: February 2025

In order realize the digitalization data transmission of 4 ~ 20mA signals and switch contact signals related to the control of electrical equipment in a large nuclear fuel chemical plant, a Foundation Fieldbus access equipment was developed. The development of the access equipment was carried out through overall design, principle design, and design of major components. Two independent microprocessors are designed to undertake the signal processing of electrical equipment and the signal processing of Foundation Fieldbus respectively by using embedded microprocessor technology to realize the fully digitalization data transmission and control of electrical equipment. By testing and experiments, the access equipment has high data transmission accuracy, and meets the requirements of the Foundation Fieldbus specification, and has good economic benefits for a large nuclear fuel chemical plant.
GSTLB: A Secure GPS-Enabled Software-Defined Network Leveraging Transfer Learning and Blockchain for Industrial IoT (IIoT)
Authors: BAGRUDEEN BAZEER AHAMED
Published: February 2025

IIoT sensors bridge the gap between industry and technology by assisting in intelligent automation of the sector. The proposed method uses GPS to track assets and identify products for customers. It also uses TL (Transfer Learning) to identify machine problems, which alerts for immediate service. Using the 5G network greatly facilitates faster communication and surveillance control. All of the data from these various applications, including GPS location tracking, surveillance, and alerting, are stored in a block chain where malicious data can be added with the original data or eves dropping is possible, which could interfere with the industry's normal operations. Plot-based features and CNN-based feature extraction are both used to get around this, and the network's efficiency and security are increased by this hybrid approach of separating dangerous input from the original data. When using the block chain methodology, data is compressed to make it unified because Network Slicing is the primary concept utilized in industry and SDN (Software Defined Network) is used as a centralized one for communication. According to the simulation results, the suggested methodology improves IIoT network security, speeds up data transmission, and conducts ongoing product and machine inspections, all of which significantly aid in expanding the supply chain.
Simulation Modeling of the Adaptive System for Hydraulic Drives of a Stalk Forage Separator
Authors: Veselovska Natalia , Rutkevych Volodymyr , Shargorodskiy Serghiy , Yaropud Vitalii , Kupchuk Ihor
Published: February 2025

The article aims to increase the accuracy of the block-portioned stem feed separator, reducing unproductive power losses and dynamic loads in the hydraulic drive of the separator by developing scientific fundamentals based on nonlinear mathematical models and adaptive hydraulic drive systems. The research uses simulation modeling to design an energy-efficient hydraulic drive for a stem feed separator from trench storage. The proposed approach allowed for avoiding significant capital investments to manufacture a prototype. A detailed description of the physical model was carried out. It allowed for checking the results’ reliability and evaluating the rational improvements. As a result, a new design and the corresponding technological scheme of a stem feed separator from trench storage were presented. An approach for simulating transient processes in the hydraulic drive of the separator was also proposed. The experimental design allowed for studying the hydraulic drive in a dynamic mode for different processing loads and various parameters of the adaptive liquid flow separator and the whole system. A close match was found between analytical studies and numerical simulation during the research. This allowed for the recommendation of the obtained dependencies to apply in developing hydraulic drives of stem separators. Moreover, the proposed adaptive hydraulic drive of the stem feed loader allowed for adaptive change in the operation of the cutting unit drive according to the feed. Overall, the possibility of reducing the drive power for the stem feed loader to 5–6 kW was confirmed when using a hydraulic drive system with a mechanism for adapting the working bodies to the operating conditions.
First-year Class Instills Confidence in Nontechnical Skills for Collegiate Success
Authors: Levina Anna , Guthrie Katy , Cook Leah , Pritts Marvin
Published: February 2025

Universities are encouraging academic units to offer introductory courses that include content to help new students adapt and adjust to college life, deal with stress, and plan for future careers. Few studies have identified the level of confidence that students have in these skills when they matriculate or after completing such courses. For 3 years, first-year plant science majors were surveyed at the beginning and end of their first semester at Cornell to determine whether a class focused on improving skills for success (PLSCI 1101: Pathways to Success in Plant Sciences) resulted in enhanced confidence. Skills and practices deemed important for success and targeted in class included study habits, constructing a resume, interviewing effectively, developing cultural humility, discovering one’s identity, managing mental health, approaching faculty, exploring graduate school, and learning about plant science careers. Assessing these skills with standard fact-based testing methods is not effective, so we assessed change in confidence during the semester, allowing students to self-assess their own learning. We also were able to examine differences in responses based on gender and matriculation status (freshmen admits vs. transfers) and found that differences were minor across years. The course was most effective at enhancing confidence in knowing about graduate school, learning about faculty interests, writing a resume, and learning about career options. Students entering the class already had a high level of confidence in their ability to manage stress, interview well, talk with faculty, ask questions in class, and study. However, confidence always improved by every measure from the beginning to the end of the semester, and many of these changes were statistically significant. This class succeeded in building confidence in specific skills and practices necessary for a successful college career and future employment.
Morpho-anatomic comparison of Pogonatum and Polytrichum (Polytrichaceae): A case study from Mansehra, Pakistan
Authors: ul Islam Mazhar , Alam Jan , Fadal Imane
Published: February 2025

The current article deals with the study of the morpho-anatomic comparison of the Pogonatum and Polytrichum genera. In this study, single species of both taxons were collected from multiple specimens collected from different areas and altitudes. Both microscopic and macroscopic features were analyzed for both genera. This study reveals that Pogonatum and Polytrichum are morphologically similar, with some minor differences, but anatomically differ from each other.
Spectral properties, localization transition and multifractal eigenvectors of the Laplacian on heterogeneous networks
Authors: da Silva Jeferson D. , Tapias Diego , Sollich Peter , Metz Fernando
Published: February 2025

We study the spectral properties and eigenvector statistics of the Laplacian on highly-connected networks with random coupling strengths and a gamma distribution of rescaled degrees. The spectral density, the distribution of the local density of states, the singularity spectrum and the multifractal exponents of this model exhibit a rich behaviour as a function of the first two moments of the coupling strengths and the variance of the rescaled degrees. In the case of random coupling strengths, the spectral density diverges within the bulk of the spectrum when degree fluctuations are strong enough. The emergence of this singular behaviour marks a transition from non-ergodic delocalized states to localized eigenvectors that exhibit pronounced multifractal scaling. For constant coupling strengths, the bulk of the spectrum is characterized by a regular spectral density. In this case, the corresponding eigenvectors display localization properties reminiscent of the critical point of the Anderson localization transition on random graphs.
Carlo.jl: A general framework for Monte Carlo simulations in Julia
Authors: Weber Lukas
Published: February 2025

Carlo.jl is a Monte Carlo simulation framework written in Julia. It provides MPI-parallel scheduling (including parallel tempering), organized storage of input, checkpoint, and output files, as well as statistical postprocessing. With a minimalist design, it aims to aid the development of high-quality Monte Carlo codes, especially for demanding applications in condensed matter and statistical physics. This hands-on user guide shows how to implement a simple code with Carlo.jl, how to run an existing stochastic series expansion code based on Carlo.jl, and provides benchmarks to show its efficacy.
ESTUDAR QUÍMICA PARA QUÊ? UM CASO INVESTIGATIVO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DOS ARGUMENTOS DE LICENCIANDOS SOBRE A IMPORTÂNCIA DA DISCIPLINA DE QUÍMICA NO CURRÍCULO ESCOLAR
Authors: M. Primo Carolina , O. C. Ferrarini Francisco , A. Moralles Vagner , M. Bego Amadeu
Published: February 2025

STUDY CHEMISTRY FOR WHAT? AN INVESTIGATIVE CASE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHER CANDIDATES’ ARGUMENTS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF CHEMISTRY IN THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM. The recent secondary curriculum reform in Brazil generated discussions around arguments for the inclusion of specific subjects within the official curriculum. This qualitative study, situated within a teacher education program at a university of São Paulo, investigates the arguments constructed by 31 pre-service teachers concerning the importance of Chemistry in the secondary curriculum. Findings highlight the impact of targeted instructional interventions on challenging pre-existing, naive conceptions held by them. Well-designed interventions foster the development of sophisticated arguments aligned with the value of scientific literacy for secondary students, reflecting deeper understandings of how chemistry education contributes to broader educational goals.
Beltsy i Prostetsy. Social Statuses in the Church of Ancient Russia
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Gaidenko Pavel I. , Kostromin Konstantin A. ,   St. Petersburg Theological Academy of Russian Orthodox Church
Published: February 2025

Already the Ancient Church was characterized by the idea of a royal priesthood, that extended to the entire community of Christians, the church institutions of the Middle Ages a developed and complex hierarchical system already represented, where the position of a person was deprived of this royal equality. In the conditions of medieval society, a person’s position in a complex system of social strata and hierarchies determined his place in the church, also shown by liturgical practices. Ancient Russia and its church organization were no exception. Some of the rules of Metropolitan Ioann’s Canonical responses the noted states of affairs quite clearly demonstrate. The article provides a general historiography, showing that researchers have not paid enough attention to this important sourse, and an overview of its translations into Slavic and Russian, as well as publications. The main subject of the article are social terms “beltsy” (laikou) and “prostetsy” (kosmkou) in one of the recommendations given by Metropolitan regarding who can stay sitting during the relevant part of the divine service. A analysis of the rule demonstrates how a person’s social status in liturgical actions was reflected. The article analyzes the moments of worship itself, the social terms used in the ninth rule of the Canonical responses, and the nature of the prohibition. The authors note the discrepancy between Byzantine social realities and Old Russian ones, the not entirely successful relationship between Greek and Old Russian social terms, as well as the poor quality of the Canonical responses translation by the Old Russian scribe.
The East India Company and Britain’s Interest in Vietnam’s Trading Ports in the early modern period
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, Tran Ngoc Dung , Pham Thi Huyen Trang ,   Tan Trao University, Nguyen Kim Dung ,   Vietnam Japan University, Vietnam, Cao Thi Van ,   Hanoi Pedagogical University
Published: February 2025

Vietnam’s trading port system played a vital role in the pre-modern period from the British perspective. By examining primary sources such as documents from the English East India Company dating back to the 17th century, and English journals, diaries, and memos from the 17th to the 19th centuries, we can see the importance of Vietnam’s trading ports and how the British perceived them differently over three centuries. Initially, the British viewed Vietnam’s trading ports as a means to trade indirectly with Japan and China. However, by the late 18th century, they recognized the critical role these ports played in connecting their colonial system and controlling the sea route linking East Asia and India. As a result, the English focused on trading with ports on the southern coast of Vietnam and gradually moved towards considering Vietnamese trading ports’ political advancement in the region. This article provides a unique insight into the shifting British perception of Vietnam’s trading ports and highlights their commercial and political significance. The growth of the British Empire and its competition with other powers influenced their evaluation of Vietnam’s trading ports. In the first century of the English East India Company, the British concentrated mostly on commerce. However, in the 18th and 19th centuries, they viewed Vietnam from the perspective of a semi-state. This analysis offers an excellent opportunity to understand the significant role Vietnam’s trading ports played in the pre-modern period. It gives us a unique perspective on the British perception of Vietnam’s trading ports, highlighting their commercial and political importance.
The Introduction and Development of Christianity in Vietnam during 17 th and 18th Centuries: The Role of the Jesuit Missionaries
Authors:   The University of Danang, University of Science and Education, Thuan Truong Anh
Published: February 2025

During the 17th and 18th centuries, along with other missionary forces (the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris, the Dominican Order, the Franciscan Order, etc.), the Society of Jesus significantly contributed to the presence of Christianity in Vietnam. Firstly, it is necessary to mention the pioneering role of the Jesuits in introducing Christianity to Cochinchina and Tonkin in the first half of the 17th century, laying the foundation for the birth of church organizations in these two areas by 1659. After that, missionary activities of the Society of Jesus in Vietnam encountered ups and downs due to the indigenous government’s policy banning Christianity and conflicts and contradictions with the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris. However, even in such difficult circumstances, the role and influence of the Jesuits in Vietnam remain undiminished. In fact, with a large force of foreign and indigenous missionaries, the Society of Jesus still maintains activities in a large missionary area with many believers. This research aims to clarify the role of the Jesuits in preaching the Gospel in Vietnam during the 17th and 18th centuries by “restoring” “the panoramic picture” of the force of foreign Jesuit missionaries, the missionary areas, and the number of believers under their management. At the same time, compared with other missionary forces operating in this country in this period. The research results presented in the article will significantly contribute to the study of the history of Christianity in Vietnam during the 17th and 18th centuries.
The List of Lords of the Rada of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in Russian Genealogical Books
Authors:   Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bondarenko Andrey A. , Khoruzhenko Oleg I. ,   Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the circumstances of the origin and peculiar features of the contents of the “List” of Lords of the Rada (Pany Rady) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which was included as a separate chapter in several lists of Russian genealogical books which represents the Razryadnaya and the Compiled Editions. It includes the names of 20 figures, 15 of whom, indeed, were senators of the Lithuanian state, and the remaining 5 were courtiers of the Polish king Sigismund II Augustus. The identification of those persons and the addressing of the ruler of Poland and Lithuania as “king” rather than “crown prince” or “king’s son” allow us to attribute the time of compiling the “List” to mid spring of 1548 — early spring of 1549. The consideration of this source in the context of Russian-Lithuanian diplomatic relations during the first months of the independent reign of Sigismund II Augustus makes it possible to narrow down the proposed dating and put forward an assumption about the likely compiler of the “List”. That person could be Feodor Dmitrievich Zagryazhsky who visited Lithuania and Poland on a diplomatic mission in the summer — early autumn of 1548. The conclusions obtained with regard to the “List” dating require to adjust the approaches to the textual study of genealogical books: the text under study cannot be attributed to the time when the protograph of the Razryadnaya Edition (the 1560s) emerged, since the former is an earlier one in relation to the latter.
Individual Social Strategies of Female Slaves in the Orenburg Steppe
Authors:   Cherkas Global University, Peretyatko Artyom Yu. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: February 2025

The article is dedicated to analyzing individual social strategies of several female slaves of the Middle Asian nomads of the second half of the 1850s. (by the individual strategy the author of the article, following K. Ginzburg, understand such activity of each person, the totality of which forms the social configuration of society). It is based on a corpus of documents developed at that time and stored at the Joint State Archive of Orenburg Region. In 1851, the Orenburg and Samara Military Governor V. A. Perovsky banned the nomads of the Russian Empire from owning captives. But the next Orenburg and Samara Military Governor, A. A. Katenin, treated nomads more favorably. During his administration of the Steppe (1857–1860) Russian authorities were contacted by both runaway slaves and slaves who wanted to stay with their master. As a result, Russian authorities were forced to investigate these cases. The found investigations of three cases of female slaves show the similarities of their individual strategies: they tried to assimilate into their captors’ society by joining their master’s family. We’ve also found two cases of female slaves (one from an earlier period), in which the investigation was never made, but their individual strategies can still be understood, and in one of them we see a similar strategy. Even male slaves who wanted to stay with their master were in most cases describing their relationships as them being part of master’s family, calling him “father”, “brother” etc. Thus, the analyzed documents show that part of the slaves of Middle Asian nomads of the 19th century followed an individual strategy of assimilating into the captors’ society, and for those who succeeded the emancipation by Russian authorities was just a formality.
New study on the art of Early Modern Scandinavia
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Tolstikov Alexander V.
Published: February 2025

A monograph by Kristoffer Neville, Chair at the Department of Art History, University of California, Riverside, The Art and Culture of Scandinavian Central Europe, 1550–1720, that has just come out in Olga Ermakova’s translation (Boston: Academic Studies Press; St. Petersburg: Bibliorossika Publ., 2023, 388 p.) is of considerable interest for a Russian reader, who is not frequentlry offered a truly new academic study on Nordic history. However, this work encompasses a somewhat narrower topic, than one can assume by the title: it considers almost exclusively the court culture in Denmark and Sweden. Nevertheless, it does not undermine its purely academic value. The author fully succeeds in substantiating his key thesis and convincingly inscribes the history of the art sponsored by the Danish and Swedish royal courts in the 16th — early 18th centuries, into the history of culture — mainly that related to the activity of different rulers’ courts, too — in the region we call today Central Europe. Despite some critical remarks on the study itself (one can regret, e. g., that the author almost does not touch upon the role of well-known 16th-century Polish-Swedish dynastic connections in the history of art in Sweden) as well as on the translation (there are some inaccuracies, mostly in rendering proper names, especially the French ones), the book leaves a positive impression and, besides, opens a new perspective for looking at how Scandinavia’s connections affected, e. g., the formation of the images of Russia and the Russians in Sweden and other European countries.
Discourse and its сontext: Principles of exploring language and speech phenomena as part of social and professional practices
Authors:   HSE University, Molodychenko Evgeni N.
Published: February 2025

This article explores the relationship between discourse and its context, as discussed across various research traditions. It focuses on the complexity and dynamic nature of this relationship, emphasizing the importance of context not only in discourse production but also, and more significantly, in its perception and interpretation by real communicators. One key method of operationalizing context in linguistic and speech phenomena studies involves viewing discourse as a component within practices, where it can serve as a means of enacting the practice or reflecting on the practice itself or a different practice entirely. The paper discusses and compares a variety of theoretical and analytical traditions that examine the actual use of language and speech by communicators, including critical discourse analysis, genre studies, linguistic anthropology, and media studies. This review distinguishes between at least two types of practices — general “social practices” and more specific professional practices — as well as between two types of contexts: the situational and the cultural, noting that some practices may straddle both contexts. Moreover, the review highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to studying linguistic and speech phenomena in context. A conclusion drawn from the review is that context is not, as it were, merely a passive “backdrop” for discourse but actively shapes its meaning and its effect. This concept is traditionally explored in relation to the notion of contextualization. The conclusion calls for further interdisciplinary research to deepen understanding of the complex processes associated with discourse and its contextual embeddedness.
Culture of rejection in scientific communication: Semantics and pragmatics of negative evaluative language in peer-review
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Chernyavskaya Valeria E. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: February 2025

The notion of “culture of rejection” is used to identify the social and professional interaction between actors in the scientific community in the framework of visible scientific competition and experienced multiple rejection with submitting papers and grant proposals. The paper examines the practice of academic rejection, relying on the linguistic features of the evaluation, expressed in the peer-review texts after submitting a manuscript to a scientific journal. Peer-review is considered as the text genre with the most explicit appraisal. Open review and
publishing peer-review history of a submission is becoming a common way of scientific expert activity and interaction between specialists in the professional community. Studying the culture of rejection from a linguistic perspective presupposes professional reflection regarding the peer’s choice of means and forms of scientific criticism, focusing its constructive nature and reducing some of the negative emotions associated with rejection. The analysis is based on English-language peer-revies on manuscripts, available on the websites of international
scientific journals presenting new results in the natural sciences in the peer-review history supplements. Scientific criticism is considered as making a negative judgment, disagreement with the presented position. The research question is related to how the peer shapes the evaluative position towards the subject of the reviewed study and towards peer’s own statements for their justification and argumentation. The examined corpus included critical texts with peer’s recommendations “Decline with option of resubmission” and “Major revision”. The linguistically
significant findings reveal negative evaluation as associated, firstly, with the explicit authorization of peer’s judgments. This reveals the cognitive activity of the peers and their independence as one of the actors of scientific research and communication, positioning the criticism in dialogue with other professionals. Secondly, for a negative evaluation, evaluative argumentation is characteristic, explaining and proving the expert’s point of view. It is concluded that a clearly and unambiguously presented critisism in scientific expertise is the basis for progressive development in science.
Spatial and temporal patterns in water quality analysis near effluent dump-sites in Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Matengo Tafadzwa , Mwedzi Tongayi , Mbetu Jabulani
Published: February 2025

Pollution of underground water can significantly contribute to health problems, leading to higher rates of morbidity and mortality. A study was conducted in six Harare suburbs (Glen View, Budiriro, Kuwadzana, Kambuzuma, Mabvuku, and Hatcliffe) to assess the quality of underground water, focusing on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics near effluent disposal farms (Ingwe and Crowborough). The areas were grouped by distance from the farms: near (<5 km), far (5–15 km), and very far (>15 km). The study assessed how the water quality changed with the seasons and distance from the farms. It also compared the water quality parameters with World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Water quality parameters of underground drinking water in Harare exhibited significant seasonal variations. The average of environmental and biological variables in Harare significantly deviated from WHO standards. Stronger correlations were found between water quality parameters and site-specific characteristics, rather than with seasonality or distance. No Shigella or Vibrio cholerae were found, but Escherichia coli was detected periodically at specific sites in Budiriro in the wet season and Kuwadzana in the dry season only. The study highlights the critical role of seasonal fluctuations and site-specific characteristics in shaping water quality, underscoring the need for tailored approaches to underground water management.
Forecasting monthly rainfall and temperature patterns in Van Province, Türkiye, using ARIMA and SARIMA models: a long-term climate analysis
Authors: Yavuz Veysel Süleyman
Published: February 2025

This study investigates monthly rainfall and temperature trends in Van Province, Türkiye, using ARIMA and SARIMA models, with a dataset spanning from 1955 to 2023. The ARIMA(3,1,0) model for rainfall and ARIMA(0,1,1) model for temperature were selected based on Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) values, achieving AIC scores of 788.224 and 172.077, respectively. To address seasonality, SARIMA models were also applied, with SARIMA(3,1,0)(2,1,0)[12] for rainfall and SARIMA(0,1,1)(2,1,0)[12] for temperature, yielding AIC scores of 672.061 and 163.669. Diagnostic tests, including the Ljung–Box and Jarque–Bera tests, confirmed model adequacy by indicating minimal autocorrelation and normal residual distributions. These models successfully captured seasonal and long-term patterns, offering valuable insights for regional planning in water resource management and agriculture. The study underscores the potential of ARIMA and SARIMA models for climate forecasting, with suggestions for future enhancements using hybrid approaches to improve predictions under non-linear conditions.
A olimpíada nacional em história do brasil (onhb) e o ensino médio integrado no ifrn
Authors:   , Costa Júnior José Gerardo Bastos da
Published: February 2025

A Olimpíada Nacional em História do Brasil (ONHB) foi criada pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas/SP (Unicamp), em 2009. Trata-se de um conjunto de atividades educativas que visa estimular o conhecimento e o estudo da História do Brasil de forma lúdica e criativa. Dessa forma, considerando a grande participação dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia nas edições da ONHB, nosso objetivo nessa pesquisa foi investigar se esta Olimpíada pode agir como um facilitador no desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas integradoras no Ensino Médio Integrado, com base no Projeto Político-Pedagógico do IFRN. O percurso metodológico da investigação seguiu as seguintes etapas: leituras com fins de embasamento teórico e análise dos resultados do estudo; pesquisa exploratória acerca da ONHB em suas edições de 2009 a 2017; e análise das questões propostas pela ONHB relacionando-as aos princípios orientadores da prática pedagógica do IFRN. Quanto à fundamentação teórica, inicialmente, utilizamos os principais documentos legais da educação brasileira, a Lei Nº 9.394/96, que estabelece as Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Brasileira (1996), as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (2001), Orientações Curriculares Nacionais (2006), o Projeto Político-Pedagógico do IFRN (2012a) e a Proposta de Trabalho da Disciplina de História nos Cursos Técnicos de Nível Médio Integrado Regular e na modalidade EJA do IFRN (2012b). Sobre o Ensino Médio Integrado e a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica dialogamos com Moura (2013; 2010; 2008; 2007), Frigotto; Ciavatta; Ramos (2012a), Ramos (2010), Kuenzer (2008; 2009), dentre outros. No que diz respeito a ONHB, serviram de base os estudos de Meneguello (2011; 2015), Mariuzzo (2010), Miranda (2013; 2015) e Souza; Costa Júnior (2016). Quanto ao ensino de História, tivemos como suporte aos estudos de Bittencourt (2008; 2011) e Schimidt; Cainelli (2009). A pesquisa nos permitiu concluir que, no caso específico do Ensino Médio Integrado à Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, consideramos que a ONHB colabora para a formação de estudantes-cidadãos-trabalhadores e estimula a práxis pedagógica dos educadores dentro dos princípios orientadores do PPP do IFRN, ao desenvolver metodologias que enfatizam a pesquisa como princípio pedagógico, o trabalho como princípio educativo, o respeito à diversidade e a busca pela interdisciplinaridade
Aplicação de Learning Analytics para avaliação do desempenho de tutores a distância
Authors:   , Souza Rafael Castro de
Published: February 2025

A crescente evolução da tecnologia, em conjunto com seus recursos computacionais, tem propiciado novas expectativas em várias áreas de pesquisa, tais como na indústria, saúde e educação. A inserção da tecnologia nesses ambientes, combinada com sua larga utilização, tem gerado um aumento no volume dos dados armazenados. Diante disso, pesquisadores perceberam a possibilidade de analisar esse grande volume de informações a fim de extrair conhecimento, de modo que essas informações possam, por exemplo, auxiliar no suporte à tomada de decisão. Quando aplicadas no âmbito educacional, a coleta, a medição e a análise de dados educacionais, a fim de identificar fatores que possam impactar positivamente ou negativamente o processo de ensino, são denominadas Learning Analytics. Diante dessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho apresenta uma ferramenta de avaliação das ações comportamentais dos tutores de disciplinas da modalidade de ensino a distância, de modo que, por meio desta, seja possível avaliar os comportamentos de tutores e turmas, bem como identificar quais os comportamentos do tutor que podem ou não estarem relacionados com os comportamentos da turma. Com as informações resultantes deste trabalho, pode-se compreender melhor o impacto dos comportamentos dos tutores nas turmas da modalidade de ensino a distância, além de possibilitar intervenções pedagógicas pautadas em informações objetivas, a fim de atenuar os problemas enfrentados por essa modalidade de ensino.