bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TÜRKİYE’NİN SAĞLIK TURİZMİ PERFORMANSININ TOPSIS YÖNTEMİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ (2004-2019)
Authors: ÇETİN Onur
Published: March 2022

Sağlık turizmi küreselleşmenin etkisiyle son yıllarda hizmet sektörünün önemli parçalarından biri haline gelmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak sağlık turizminin birçok sektörle etkileşim halinde olması ülke ekonomileri açısından ciddi gelir kaynaklarından biri olarak görülmesine yol açmıştır. Bu durum sağlık amaçlı ulusal ya da uluslararası ziyaretleri kapsayan sağlık turizmine olan ilgiyi arttırmıştır.

Türkiye’nin sağlık turizmi alanında önemli gelişmeler kaydetmesi ve sektörün hızlı gelişme potansiyeli ülke ekonomisi açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma Türkiye’nin sağlık turizm performansını belirlenen kriterlerden hareketle çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden TOPSIS yöntemi ile değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma neticesinde 2004-2019 yılları arasında sağlık turizm performansının en iyi ve en kötü olduğu yılları belirlemeye yönelik sıralama elde edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre Türkiye’de sağlık turizm performansının en iyi olduğu yıl 2017 yılıdır. Buna bağlı olarak sağlık turizm performansının en iyi olduğu ikinci yıl 2016 ve üçüncü en iyi olduğu yıl 2019 olarak bulunmuştur. Buna karşın sağlık turizm performansının en kötü olduğu yıl 2004 yılı olurken; en kötü ikinci yıl 2005 ve en kötü üçüncü yıl ise 2006 yılı olarak belirlenmiştir.
Monte Carlo Simulation Of Estimating Clean Water Supplies
Authors: Walid Fajari Husnul , Dur Sajaratud , Aprilia Rima
Published: March 2022

Estimates are important tools in effective and efficient planning for predicting future events. Identical estimates of the future values of a variable for planning or decision making of a situation to estimate future values. Monte Carlo simulation is a simulation model that involves a series of random and sampling with a probability distribution that can be known and determined, then this simulation can be used. In this study, data is taken from the amount of water usage in PDAM Tirtanadi H.M branch. Yamin, North Sumatra from January 2018 to June 2019. Then, the data is processed and analyzed using Monte Carlo Simulation to determine the forecast results in the years that follow. The result is an estimated amount of water usage in 2019 and 2020 at PDAM Tirtanadi H.M branch. Yamin, North Sumatra is 8,604,556 and 8,592,873. The estimated amount of water use is down from the amount of water use in 2018 which reached 8,685,356. The amount of water usage in 2018, 2019 and 2020 decreases by about .
Duty, Human Rights and Wrongs and the Notion of Ubuntu as Humanist Philosophy and Metaphysical Connection
Authors: Nicolaides Angelo
Published: March 2022

This article reviews and discusses the issue of one’s duty, rights and wrongs within the Humanist African Philosophy of Ubuntu. ‘Ubuntu’ is an Nguni Bantu term denoting "humanity". It asserts that "I am because we are" and expresses of having a sense of "humanity towards others" which in the Zulu language is stated as “umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu”. The roots of African Life, culture and value systems in Southern Africa in particular are found in the philosophy of Ubuntu but they have also been partially influenced by specifically the Judaeo-Christian tradition. Ubuntu considers human rights as moral principles or norms that designate certain standards of human behaviour that are required in dealing with other human beings. One’s rights and duties in society are grounded in a multifaceted philosophy because of the moral aspects which are a mixture of heritage and tradition. Ubuntu avows that society, and not any transcendent being, provides human beings with their basic humanity. An authentic individual human being is part of a complex and important relational, communal, societal, environmental and even mystical world. One’s actions are correct to that extent that they are a matter of living harmoniously with others and doing one’s duty while acting ethically and within the ambit of the law, and thus demonstrating reverence towards others in communal associations. It calls for apology, and forgiveness when doing something wrong and ultimately reconciliation with guilty or injured parties. Keywords: Ubuntu; Rights; Wrongs; Duties; Metaphysics; African humanism
Bounds on the extent of a topological space
Authors: Ravsky A. , Banakh T.
Published: March 2022

The extent $e(X)$ of a topological space $X$ is the supremum of sizes of closed discrete subspaces of $X$. Assuming that $X$ belongs to some class of topological spaces, we bound $e(X)$ byother cardinal characteristics of $X$, for instance Lindel\"of number, spread or density.
Stable range conditions for abelian and duo rings
Authors: Dmytruk A. A. , Gatalevych A. I. , Kuchma M. I.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the following question: when does the classical ring of quotientsof a duo ring exist and idempotents in the classical ring of quotients $Q_{Cl} (R)$ are thereidempotents in $R$? In the article we introduce the concepts of a ring of (von Neumann) regularrange 1, a ring of semihereditary range 1, a ring of regular range 1. We find relationshipsbetween the introduced classes of rings and known ones for abelian and duo rings.We proved that semihereditary local duo ring is a ring of semihereditary range 1. Also it was proved that a regular local Bezout duo ring is a ring of stable range 2. In particular, the following Theorem 1 is proved: For an abelian ring $R$ the following conditions are equivalent:$1.$\ $R$ is a ring of stable range 1; $2.$\ $R$ is a ring of von Neumann regular range 1.

The paper also introduces the concept of the Gelfand element and a ring of the Gelfand range 1 for the case of a duo ring. Weproved that the Hermite duo ring of the Gelfand range 1 is an elementary divisor ring (Theorem 3).
$\mathscr{T}$-Commuting Generalized Derivations on Ideals and Semi-Prime Ideal-II
Authors: Rehman N. U. , Alnoghashi H. M.
Published: March 2022

The study's primary purpose is to investigate the $\mathscr{A}/\mathscr{T}$ structure of a quotient ring, where $\mathscr{A}$ is an arbitrary ring and $\mathscr{T}$ is a semi-prime ideal of $\mathscr{A}$. In more details, we look at the differential identities in a semi-prime ideal of an arbitrary ring using $\mathscr{T}$-commuting generalized derivation. The article proves a number of statements. A characteristic representative of these assertions is, for example, the following Theorem 3: Let $\mathscr{A}$ be a ring with $\mathscr{T}$ a semi-prime ideal and $\mathscr{I}$ an ideal of $\mathscr{A}.$ If $(\lambda, \psi)$ is a non-zero generalized derivation of $\mathscr{A}$ and the derivation satisfies any one of the conditions:\1)\ $\lambda([a, b])\pm[a, \psi(b)]\in \mathscr{T}$,\ 2) $\lambda(a\circ b)\pm a\circ \psi(b)\in \mathscr{T}$,$\forall$ $a, b\in \mathscr{I},$ then $\psi$ is $\mathscr{T}$-commuting on $\mathscr{I}.$

Furthermore, examples are provided to demonstrate that the constraints placed on the hypothesis of the various theorems were not unnecessary.
Assessment of germination percentage and growth parameters of different varieties of Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) on sodic soil of Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Rahman R. Abdul , Manikandan K. , Shenbagavalli S. , Prabhakaran J.
Published: March 2022

Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) is a fast-growing forage crop cultivated throughout the year in tropical and subtropical regions. A phytoremediation study was undertaken at the Agricultural College and Research Institute (AC & RI), Killikulam, Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India, during 2020-2021 to evaluate the performance of cumbu napier varieties on sodic and neutral soil. Four cumbu napier varieties, CO (BN) 6, CO (BN) 5, KKM 1 and CO (CN) 4, were tested in both soils. Pots were filled with 10 kg of soil. Three cuttings of cumbu napiers per pot were planted as per the treatment schedule. Germination and growth parameters were observed up to three harvests. The results of the present study revealed that the germination percentage of variety CO (BN) 6 was highest (100%) among the varieties under sodic conditions. Growth parameters such as plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, and number of clumps of this variety showed better efficiency under high sodic levels than other varieties. This variety CO (BN) 6 could tolerate and be established well under alkaline soil and produced amaximum plant height (134 cm) and a higher number of clumps (10) during the third harvest. The growth pattern of cumbu napier varieties was in the order of CO (BN) 6> CO (BN) 5 > KKM 1 > CO (CN) 4. Furthermore, the experimental results revealed that cumbu napier could be recommended as a suitable crop for sodic soil.
Extraction and characterization of pectin derived from underutilized papaya seeds as a value-added product
Authors: Madhuvanthi S. , Selvapriya K. , Nirmala R. A. , Agalya A. , Jeya N.
Published: March 2022

Food processing industries generate a massive amount of biowastes, which causes major environmental issues. High-level marketable bioproducts can be extracted from these biowastes as value-added products. One such value-added product is pectin. Papaya fruit is one of the tropical fruits that is utilized the most to produce a greater number of processed foods in the food processing industries. Papaya seeds are one of the underutilized parts of papaya and have potential commercial value-added products. The present study aims to extract pectin from papaya seed waste using the hot water extraction technique. Furthermore, one factor at a time (OFAT) was used to find the optimum process conditions for the high extraction of pectin. The parameters considered were liquid–solid ratio (5-50 ml/g), sample weight (5-25 g), extraction time (15-90 min), temperature (50-100°C) and pH (1-3). A high yield of pectin (8.655%) was obtained at a liquid–solid ratio of 25 mL/g, sample weight of 20 g, extraction time of 60 min at 80°C, pH of 1.5 and precipitation with ethanol. Proximate analysis was performed for the papaya seeds that had moisture (82.10%), ash (1.76%), protein (1.52%), fat (1.42%) and carbohydrate (13.20%), and the pectin extracted from papaya seeds were found to have moisture (7.8%), ash (7.6%), protein (2.2%), fat (2.1%) and carbohydrate (80.3%). Pectin was characterized with gas chromatography for its methoxy content, which was found to be 9.216%. The current investigation found that pectin obtained from papaya seeds had low methoxy pectin, which has commercial applications in the jam and jelly industries.
Population structure and diversity of the periphyton community in the glacier-fed stream Balkhila at Siron from Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Tariq Mohd , Kotnala C. B. , Dobriyal A. K. , Tabassum Sazia
Published: March 2022

The stream Balkhila is a glacier-fed and originates at higher altitudes from the Lal Mati glacier, flows through the famous Mandal valley of Garhwal Himalaya and finally merges with the Alaknanda River in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand. The present study aimed to assess the population structure, density and diversity of the periphyton community along with some detrimental ecological parameters in the glacier fed stream Balkhila for a period of two years on a monthly basis from November 2018 to October 2020. The stream Balkhila was represented by 17 periphytic genera belonging to 3 classes, namely, Bacillariophyceae, Chlorohyceae and Cyanophyceae. The class Bacillariophyceae was represented by 10 periphytic genera (Cymbella, Navicula, Fragilaria, Nitzschia, Ampohora, Diatoma, Synedra, Tabellaria, Cocconeis and  Meridion), and Chlorophyceae (green algae) was represented by 6 algal genera (Chlorella, Ulothrix, Zygnema, Oedogomium, Spirogyra and Stigeoclonium). The class Myxophyceae was represented by a single genus (Phormidium). The maximum periphytic density (individuals/cm2) was found to be 316.7±7.1 x 103 in January, and the minimum density (12.5±3.5 x 103) was recorded in August. The SIMPLER test indicated 18.58% dissimilarity of periphytic communities between the two years of study. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index values were high (2.358 and 2.388) in December and January and minimum (0.2484 and 0.3534) in July and August during the first and second years of the study, respectively. Multivariate canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) suggested that most of the periphytic genera were closely associated with the winter season (December, January and February). The various ecological parameters of our study indicated that the Balkhila stream is a conducive habitat for periphyton communities.
Effects of heavy metals on seed protein fractions in chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.)
Authors: Ghosh Sandeep , Batra Divya , Kumar Yogesh , Matta N. K.
Published: March 2022

Worldwide, different abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and heavy metals, harm crop productivity. Legumes, compared to cereals, are more susceptible to these stresses. The current work aimed to provide more insights into the effects of Cd and Pb on various seed protein characteristics of two cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum), HC1 and HC5. At the highest concentrations of Cd, the total seed proteins decreased from 25.2% (control) to 7.1% (30 mg/kg soil), while in the case of the maximum concentration of Pb, 300 mg/kg soil, the protein content decreased to 16.1% from 25.2%. The content of each of the four seed protein fractions viz. albumins, globulins, glutelins and prolamins decreased with an increase in the concentration levels of both heavy metals. The dominating protein fraction, globulins, was reduced by 21.7% in HC1 under Cd stress, while it was reduced by 11.9% in Pb-treated genotype HC5. Electrophoretic analysis of four seed protein fractions on SDS-gels showed only quantitative changes in the polypeptide patterns under varying concentrations of Pb with few qualitative alterations under Cd treatment. The contents of the amino acids tryptophan, cysteine and methionine also decreased with increasing concentrations of heavy metals. Compared to Pb, Cd was found to be more detrimental concerning its influence on seed protein quality. Thus, our analysis revealed how heavy metals impact the quality of chickpea seed proteins by decreasing the content of essential amino acids.
A redescription and new host record for Dactylogyrus nasutai Narba and Wangchu, 2015 (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) from Arunachal Pradesh, India using high-resolution microscopy imaging
Authors: Narba Dobiam , Matey Chawan , Agarwal Nirupama , Tripathi Amit
Published: March 2022

Dactylogyrus spp. are monogenean ectoparasites that infect economically important fishes in aquaculture worldwide. Currently, over 900 nominal species of Dactylogyrus are known. Dactylogyrus nasutai, originally described from the cyprinid fish Garra nasuta in Arunachal Pradesh, India, is redescribed and illustrated based on high-resolution microscopy imaging of specimens collected from the gills of Garra annandalei. The results reveal previously undescribed morphological traits, such as the accessory piece having a slender tube with serrations along its length and a prominent hook-shaped distal extension and dorsal anchors with notable depressions at the bases and lateral expansion in their shafts. Garra annandalei is the first host record for a monogenean parasite and a new host record for Dactylogyrus nasutai. The results of this study clarify the morpho-taxonomic details that will allow an unambiguous identification of Dactylogyrus nasutai.
Kearifan Lokal Di Mamasa: Budaya Tabe’ Sebagai Nilai Hospitalitas Dalam Bermasyarakat
Authors: Febriani Listra , Saputra Merson
Published: March 2022

Dalam masyarakat majemuk, perbedaan seringkali memicu adanya konflik yang hanya dapat diselesaikan dengan cara saling terbuka dan menerima. Kearifan lokal di setiap daerah memberikan ajaran-ajaran tentang sikap keterbukaan pada orang lain meski dengan caranya yang berbeda-beda. Budaya adalah salah satu kearifan lokal yang ada di daerah Mamasa, Sulawesi Barat yang sudah melekat dan menjadi kebiasaan masyarakat. Budaya ini merupakan tata cara dalam membangun hubungan sosial masyarakat yang saling menghargai dan menghormati. Di era globalisasi ini, budaya sudah mulai diabaikan oleh sebagian masyarkat karena dianggap tidak relevan lagi. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang pentingnya budaya sebagai salah satu nilai hospitalitas untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang rukun dan saling menerima. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif sebagai pendekatan untuk memperoleh penjelasan tentang budaya dalam masyarakat di Mamasa dan penerapannya sebagai nilai hospitalitas. Hasil tulisan ini memberi pemahaman mengenai pentingnya budaya sebagaiwujud dari nilai hospitalitas, dan implementasinya dalam masyarakat majemuk masa kini.
NBS-Predict: An easy-to-use toolbox for connectome-based machine learning
Authors: Serin Emin , Vaidya Nilakshi , Walter Henrik , Kruschwitz Johann D.
Published: March 2022

This chapter provides an example-based walkthrough for the novel connectome-based predictive method of NBS-Predict. We present two application scenarios with freely available data covering two main prediction problems in machine learning: regression and classification. For regression, we employed NBS-Predict to infer individuals’ fluid intelligence scores from their brain connectomes generated using task-based fMRI data from the ID1000 dataset. In the classification application, we inferred individuals’ sex using the same data as in the regression scenario. NBS-Predict predicted fluid intelligence scores with r = 0.243 and identified a contributing subnetwork that spanned regions from various large- scale brain networks. With respect to sex classification, NBS-Predict achieved a classification accuracy of 63.7% (female > male) and 68% (male > female) and identified connectome wide coupled cerebellar and frontal regions as a driving factor for classification success. We anticipate that this novel toolbox will make machine-learning approaches more accessible to a broader audience of researchers thanks to its easy-to-use GUI and thus encourage the exploration of highly generalizable neuroimaging-based biomarkers.
Resume Analisi Permintaan dan Penawaran Agregat Dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: K Khelvin.
Published: March 2022

Dalam ekonomi makro, permintaan agregat atau permintaan akhir domestik adalah permintaan total untuk barang dan jasa akhir dalam suatu perekonomian pada waktu tertentu. Ini sering disebut permintaan efektif. Dengan kata lain permintaan agregat adalah keseluruhan permintaan terhadap barang dan jasa oleh pengguna dalam ekonomi. Permintaan agregat menunjukkan hubungan antara keseluruhan permintaan terhadap barang-barang dan jasa sesuai dengan tingkat harga. Sedangkan penawaran agregat (Aggegrate Supply/AS) adalah jumlah seluruh barang akhir dan jasa-jasa di dalam perekonomian yang dijual atau ditawarkan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan pada berbagai tingkat harga. Atau dengan kata lain penawaran agregat merupakan nilai total dari seluruh barang akhir dan jasa yang di hasilkan dalam perekonomian. Kurva penawaran agregat pada hakikatnya menggambarkan tentang hubungan antara tingkat harga yang berlaku dalam ekonomi dan nilai produksi riil (pendapatan nasional riil) yang akan ditawarkan dan diproduksi oleh semua perusahaan dalam suatu perekonomian.
GAMBARAN UMUM PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Ramadani Ainun
Published: March 2022

Hubungan antara sektor keuangan – diartikan sebagai peningkatan volume produk dan jasa perbankan dan lembaga-lembaga intermidiasi lainnya serta transaksi keuangan di pasar modal dan pertumbuhan ekonomi telah lama menjadi objek penelitian dalam bidang ilmu ekonomi pembangunan. Perkembangan sektor keuangan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, begitupula sebaliknya. Jika sektor keuangan mengalami pertumbuhan yang baik maka akan semakin banya sumber pembiayaan yang dapat dialokasi ke sektor-sektor ekonomi produktif dan pada akhirnya akan menambah pembangunan modal sektor ekonomi untuk meningkatkan produktivitasnya dalam menunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi. Pihak yang memiliki kelebihan dana (modal) akan menginvestasikan dananya ke lembaga keuangan (sebagai lembaga intermediasi) yang selanjutnya akan disalurkan ke sektor bisnis yang membutuhkan pembiayaan. Kemampuan bank dalam memperluas pembiayaan sangat tergantung pada kemampuannya untuk memobilisasi dana pihak ketiga dari masyarakat. Kondisi ini, mendorong munculnya tingkat persaingan di kalangan institusi perbankan (baik perbankan syariah maupun konvensional) dalam mengumpulkan dana pihak ketiga (tabungan) begitupula dalam menyalurkan pembiayaan ke sektor bisnis yang menguntungkan. Bank Syariah merupakan lembaga keuangan syariah yang beriorentasi pada laba (Profit). Laba bukan hanya untuk kepentingan pemilik atau pendiri, tetapi juga sangat penting untuk pengembangan usaha bank syariah. Laba bank syariah terutama diperoleh 2 dari selisih antara pendapatan atas penanaman dana dan biaya-biaya yang dikeluarkan selama periode tertentu. Guna memperoleh hasil yang optimal, bank syariah dituntut untuk melakukan pengelolaan dananya secara efisien dan efektif, baik atas dana yang dikumpulkan dari masyarakat (dana pihak ketiga), dana modal pemilik/pendiri bank maupun atas pemanfaatan atau penanaman dana tersebut. Berdasarkan uraian diatas, maka penulis tertarik untuk membahas mengenai sejarah berdirinya dan mengenal lebih lagi apa itu Bank Syariah dengan makalah yang berjudul “Gambaran Umum Perbankan Syariah”.
PRINSIP-PRINSIP MANAJEMEN DALAM QUR’AN
Authors: Ramadani Ainun
Published: March 2022

Pada dasarnya manajemen sudah ada sejak manusia itu ada, manajemen sebetulnya sama usianya dengan kehidupan manusia, mengapa demikian, karena pada dasarnya manusia dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya tidak bisa terlepas dari prinsip?prinsip manajemen, baik langsung maupun tidak langsung, baik disadarai ataupun tidak disadari. Dalam pandangan Islam, segala sesuatu harus dilakukan secara rapi, benar, tertib, dan teratur. Proses-prosesnya harus diikuti dengan baik. Sesuatu tidak boleh dilakukan secara asal-asalan Mulai dari urusan terkecil seperti mengatur urusan Rumah Tangga sampai dengan urusan terbesar seperti mengatur urusan sebuah negara semua itu diperlukan pengaturan yang baik, tepat dan terarah dalam bingkai sebuah manajemen agar tujuan yang hendak dicapai bisa diraih dan bisa selesai secara efisien dan efektif. Pada dasarnya ajaran islam yang tertuang dalam Al-Qur‟an dan As Sunnah mengajarkan tentang kehidupan yang serba terarah dan teratur merupakan contoh konkrit adanya manajemen yang mengarah kepada keteraturan. Puasa, haji dan amaliyah lainnya merupakan pelaksanaan manajemen yang monomintal. Teori dan konsep manajemen yang digunakan saat ini sebenarnya bukan hal yang baru dalam perspektif islam. Manajemen itu telah ada paling tidak ketika Allah menciptakan alam semesta beserta isinya. Unsur-unsur manajemen dalam pembuatan alam serta makhluk?makhluknya lainnya tidak terlepas dengan manajemen langit. Ketika Nabi Adam sebagai khalifah memimpin alam raya ini telah melaksanakan unsur-unsur manajemen tersebut. Al Quran dan hadits diyakini mengandung prinsip dasar menyangkut segala 2aspek kehidupan manusia. Penafsiran atas Al Quran dan Hadits perlu senantiasa dilakukan. Hal ini penting dilakukan, sebab pada satu sisi wahyu dan kenabian telah berakhir sedangkan pada sisi yang lain kondisi zaman selalu berubah seiring dengan perkembangan pemikiran manusia dan tetap mutlak diperlukannya petunjuk yang benar bagi manusia. Manusia dikenal sebagai makhluk sosial, sehingga eksistensinya dipengaruhi oleh interaksi dengan manusia lain. Di dalam berinteraksi antar individu hingga yang lebih luas mustahil tanpa adanya kiat-kiat atau manajemen. Sudah menjadi kepastian, bahwa Al Quran dan Hadits menjadi referensi dan pandangan hidup dalam aspek kehidupan umat Islam seperti manajemen. Bagaimana Al Quran dan Hadits memandang konsep manajemen? Berdasarkan uraian diatas, maka penulis tertarik untuk membahas mengenai koperasi di Indonesia dengan judul “Prinsip-prinsip Manajemen Dalam Qur’an”
Pengertian Koperasi Syariah dan Umkm
Authors: Nurfitri
Published: March 2022

Definisi koperasi menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 Koperasi adalah badan usaha yang beranggotakan orang seorang atau badan hukum koperasi, dengan melandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip koperasi sekaligus sebagai gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasarkan atas asas kekeluargaan.
teori penawaran
Authors: ashra
Published: March 2022

penawaran merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dalam siklus bisnis
Teori permintaan
Authors: ashra
Published: March 2022

permintaan adalah keterkaitan dengan jumlah permintaan berupa harga
MAKALAH KOPERASI DAN UMKM( KERJA SAMA DI BIDANG USAHA ANTAR KOPERASI)
Authors: R Rizky Amaliyah
Published: March 2022

Kerjasama di bidang usaha antar koperasi yaitu salah satu bentuk kerjasama yang dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan bersama oleh antar sesame koperasi. Kerjasama yang dulakukan antara lain dengan membentuk usaha baru yang berbadan hukum dalam bentuk kemitraan, dan juga tidak dapat membentuk organisasi baru yang bebadan hukum. Kegiatan usaha lainnya meliputi mengembangkan usaha yang telah ada agar kinerja koperasi dimasa yang akan datang bisa lebih maksimal, selain itu dalam hal ini juga dapat menciptakan usaha- usaha baru yang sekiranya dapat menunjang karir koperasi yang melakukan kerjasama.
Aggressive and psychopathic traits are linked to the acquisition of stable but imprecise hostile expectations
Authors: Buades-Rotger Macià , Smeijers Danique , Gallardo-Pujol David , Krämer Ulrike M. , Brazil Inti
Published: March 2022

Individuals with hostile expectations (HEX) anticipate harm from seemingly neutral or ambiguous stimuli, and this can trigger antisocial behaviour. However, it is unclear how HEX are acquired, how the level of environmental threat affects the learning process, and to what extent HEX acquisition predicts real-world measures of antisocial thought, conduct, and personality. In an online sample of healthy young individuals (n=256, 70% women), we administered a virtual shooting task and employed computational modelling of behaviour to investigate HEX learning under high and low threat, respectively. We found that HEX acquisition was best explained by a two-level hierarchical Bayesian model of reinforcement learning, and that a threatening context facilitated HEX. The tendency to shoot under threat was correlated with hostile appraisals of angry faces in a separate task, which speaks for a general hostility bias across learning and perception. Crucially, we also examined whether computational measures of cognitive processes involved in HEX learning predicted real-world indices of antisocial tendencies. Structural equation modelling revealed that individuals with relatively higher self-reported aggressiveness and psychopathy developed more pronounced and uncertain hostile beliefs as well as stronger prediction errors in a high- but not in a low-threat context. Surprisingly, aggressive and psychopathic traits were further associated with more temporally stable hostility representations under high threat. Our study thus shows that HEX acquisition stems from an exaggerated coupling of ambiguous stimuli with hostile outcomes via reinforcement learning, and that aggressiveness and psychopathy are linked with strong yet imprecise hostile beliefs.
To what extent do beliefs in conspiracy theories change over time?
Authors: Williams Matt N , Ling Mathew , Kerr John R , Hill Stephen Robert , Marques Mathew daCosta , Mawson Hollie , Clarke Edward John Roy
Published: March 2022

Psychological research has produced a significant body of knowledge about the antecedents and consequences of inter-individual belief in conspiracy theories. What is less clear, however, is the extent to which individuals’ beliefs in conspiracy theories vary over time (i.e., intra-individual variation). In this descriptive and exploratory study, we therefore aimed to describe intra-individual variability in belief in conspiracy theories. We collected data from 498 Australians and New Zealanders using an online longitudinal survey, with data collected at monthly intervals over six months (March to September 2021). Our measure of conspiracy theories included items describing ten unfounded conspiracy theories with responses on a 5-point Likert scale. While there was substantial variance in beliefs between different participants (i.e., inter-individual variance), there was much less intra-individual variance (intraclass r = 0.91). This suggests that beliefs in conspiracy theories were highly stable in our sample. This stability implies that longitudinal studies testing hypotheses about the causes and consequences of belief in conspiracy theories may require large samples of participants and time points to achieve adequate power. It also implies that explanations of belief in conspiracy theories need to accommodate the observation that belief in such theories varies much more between people than within people.
Equity of Intervention Impact: A Mega-Analysis of Studies Altering the Availability of Healthier vs. Less-Healthy Options
Authors: Pechey Rachel , Hollands Gareth J , Reynolds James , Jebb Susan , Marteau Theresa
Published: March 2022

Background. Availability interventions have been hypothesised to make limited demands on conscious processes and, as a result, to be less likely to generate health inequalities than cognitively-oriented interventions. Here we synthesise existing evidence to examine whether the impact of altering the availability of healthier vs. less-healthy options differs by socioeconomic position. Methods. Individual-level data (21,360 observations from 7,375 participants) from six studies (conducted online (n=4) and in laboratories (n=2)) were pooled for mega-analysis. Multilevel logistic regressions analysed the impact of altering the availability of healthier options on selection of a healthier (rather than a less-healthy) option by socioeconomic position, assessed by (a) education and (b) income.Results. Participants had over threefold higher odds of selecting a healthier option when the available range was predominantly healthier compared to selections when the range offered was predominantly less-healthy (odds ratio (OR): 3.8; 95%CIs: 3.5, 4.1). Less educated participants were less likely to select healthier options in each availability condition (ORs: 0.75-0.85; all p<0.005), but there was no evidence of differences in healthier option selection by income. Compared to selections when the range offered was predominantly less-healthy, when predominantly healthier options were available there was a 31% increase in selecting healthier options for the most educated group vs 27% for the least educated. This modest degree of increased responsiveness in the most educated group appeared only to occur when healthier options were predominant. There was no evidence of any differential response to the intervention by income. Conclusion. Increasing the proportion of healthier options available increases the selection of healthier options across socioeconomic positions. Availability interventions may have a slightly larger beneficial effect on those with the highest levels of education in settings when healthier options predominate.
Social Networks are Shaped by Culturally Contingent Assessments of Social Competence
Authors: Chadha Sareena , Kleinbaum Adam M. , Wood Adrienne
Published: March 2022

Cultural outsiders, like immigrants or international students, often struggle to build social connections. We report evidence consistent with the idea that one barrier to social connection is not knowing what it means to be socially competent in the host culture. First-year students (N=1,328) at a U.S. business school completed a social network survey and reported their own social competence and that of several peers. International students were rated by peers as less socially competent than U.S. students, especially if they were from more culturally dissimilar nations. As evidence that international students were applying culturally mismatched standards, their self-reported competence ratings were uncorrelated with their peers’ judgments of them. Social network analysis revealed international students were less central to their peer networks than U.S. students, although this gap was reduced if their peers rated them as socially competent. Peer-reported competence mediated the effects of international student status and cultural distance on social network centrality. Since learning local norms takes time, we suggest inclusivity will require host communities to define social competence more broadly.
Anaemia and its associated factors among pregnant women in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Minhat Halimatus Sakdiah , Thangarajah Puganeswary
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Despite remarkable improvement in maternal health, anaemia during pregnancy remains a significant public health threat to Malaysian women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, severity, and associated factors of anaemia in pregnancy among pregnant mothers in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan. Methods: A total of 482 pregnant mothers were recruited using cluster sampling. Data were collected using a validated and pre-tested self-administered questionnaire consisting of four sections, namely socio-demographic and socioeconomic details, obstetric history, nutritional factors, and iron supplementation status. In this study, anaemia in pregnancy was defined as haemoglobin (Hb) <11.0 g/dL, which was based on blood test taken during the first trimester. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictive model for anaemia during pregnancy among the respondents. Results: The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy among the respondents was 22.0%, with 95.3% respondents mildly anaemic. Respondents with an intake of iron supplementation of once daily (AOR=0.191, 95% CI: 0.074- 0.914), more than once daily (AOR=0.149, 95%CI: 0.091-0.248), and low intake of seafood (AOR=0.320, 95% CI: 0.187-0.526) were less likely to develop anaemia during pregnancy. Conclusion: The findings revealed moderate level of anaemia in pregnancy, which was dominated by those in the mild category, with increased risk predicted among young mothers. Iron supplementation (once daily or more) and low intake of seafood protected mothers from developing anaemia during pregnancy.
Actividades económicas, laborales, ambientales y aditivas con exposición a benceno y el desarrollo de leucemia mieloide aguda
Authors: Tolosa Rodríguez Miguel Antonio , Rojas Becerra María del Rosario , Vaca Alvarado Leidy Johana , Piñeros Aranguren Angela Susana
Published: March 2022

Introducción: el benceno es un hidrocarburo aromático obtenido por destilación del alquitrán utilizado en gasolineras y como solvente industrial, clasificado como cancerígeno por exposición ocupacional o ambiental. Está relacionado con el desarrollo de leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA) por su absorción principal por vía inhalatoria, y su metabolismo hepático con producción de benzoquinona de alta liposolubilidad que le permite depositarse en la médula ósea y tejido graso. Objetivo: analizar la asociación de las formas de exposición por actividades económicas, oficios, cargos, exposición ambiental y aditiva con el desarrollo de   LMA. Materiales y métodos: revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos Medline, Embase, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Toxnet y OpenGrey, en inglés y español con los términos benzene, cancer, leukemia, occupational and enviromental exposition. Resultados: la mayoría de los estudios muestran una relación causal entre la exposición a benceno y el desarrollo de LMA, con predominio en ambientes laborales, seguidos de factores ambientales y aditivos como el humo del cigarrillo. Conclusiones: se encontró evidencia de asociación entre la exposición a benceno ocupacional y/o ambiental con el desarrollo de leucemia mieloide aguda, debido a que altera el estrés oxidativo y la desregulación del aryl hidrocarburo generando efectos citogenéticos, mutación genética y alteraciones epigenéticas que se expresan en hematotoxicidad y desarrollo de leucemia.
Paula Victoria Rozo Ibagón
Authors: Arismendy Rodriguez Jeyson Leonardo
Published: March 2022

Para la Facultad de Medicina y en general para toda la comunidad FUCS es tremendamente doloroso despedir a uno de sus miembros, pero en especial cuando se trata de uno de nuestros alumnos, porque esto implica dejar truncados muchos sueños y proyectos que con seguridad se venían formando en compañía de su entorno familiar.
Nauka mowy przełykowej po całkowitym usunięciu krtani. Studium przypadku
Authors: Kokot Magdalena
Published: March 2022

Dla wielu logopedów, niezależnie od stażu pracy, podjęcie terapii z pacjentem po całkowitym usunięciu krtani stanowi ogromne wyzwanie, któremu nierzadko nie umieją sprostać. Taki stan rzeczy jest spowodowany wciąż niewielką liczbą praktycznych opracowań zawierających szczegółowe wskazówki dotyczące terapii po laryngektomii. W artykule przedstawiono szczegółowe zalecenia dotyczące terapii mowy przełykowej wraz z objaśnieniem przyczyn możliwych niepowodzeń podczas procesu rehabilitacji głosu i mowy. Omówiono możliwe działania począwszy od kilku dób od operacji usunięcia krtani aż do momentu trenowania prozodycznych elementów mowy.
Komunikacja lekarza z pacjentem w opinii studentów kierunku lekarskiego
Authors: Plutecki Dawid
Published: March 2022

Komunikacja interpersonalna w lecznictwie jest bardzo ważnym tematem, wymagającym trwałego rozwoju i dokształcania lekarzy ochrony zdrowia. Artykuł jest raportem z badania, którego celem było poznanie opinii studentów kierunku lekarskiego z polskich uczelni akademickich na ten temat. W badaniu wzięło udział 56 studentek i 38 studentów, którzy odpowiadali na pytania dotyczące: technik komunikacyjnych w relacji lekarz – pacjent, protokołów przekazania niepomyślnej informacji, obaw związanych z kontaktem z danym pacjentem, barier komunikacyjnych, wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na komunikację interpersonalną, oddziałów, z którymi są wiązane największe problemy komunikacyjne, użyteczności zajęć fakultatywnych podczas kształcenia studentów na kierunku lekarskim. Wnioski zostały przedstawione w dyskusji, wraz z możliwościami rozwiązania potencjalnych problemów komunikacyjnych w relacji pacjent – lekarz.
Problematyka różnicowania stawek opłaty za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi z uwagi na rodzaj zabudowy w przypadku metody od gospodarstwa domowego
Authors: Bukowski Zbigniew
Published: March 2022

Opłata za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi może być w Polsce różnicowana ze względu na takie uwarunkowania jak m.in. powierzchnia lokalu mieszkalnego czy liczba mieszkańców. W artykule analizowany jest problem, czy dotyczy to także stawek w przypadku wyboru przez radę gminy metody ustalania opłaty za gospodarowanie odpadami od gospodarstwa domowego.
Big Data Analysis during Pandemic: Malaysia Health Data Warehouse Experience
Authors: Khairie Mohamad Fadli
Published: March 2022

Malaysia has reported more than 1.5 million COVID-19 cases since the beginning of the pandemic. Planning and executing an effective public health intervention and policy require a large amount of data from various sources to be analysed on a daily basis. In response to the data request, Malaysia Health Data Warehouse (MyHDW) utilizes its ability to collect, aggregate, analyse and visualize big data. This presentation explores the experience of Malaysia Health Data Warehouse leveraging big data analysis during the pandemic. Various health data has been collected by healthcare personnel at healthcare facilities. This data will be uploaded to MyHDW through several data source systems where afterward, all this data underwent ETL (Extract, Transform, Loading) process prior to loading onto the data warehouse. Most data requests concern healthcare utilisation or specific disease trends. Using data interoperability, intended data were extracted from the database. Afterward, data will be cleaned, analysed, and visualised either in the form of table, operational dashboard, interactive maps or incorporated in press statements or policy documentation. Several outputs have been produced by MyHDW during the pandemic, such as spatial analysis of COVID-19 data, cardiovascular mortality trends during the pandemic, impact analysis of hospital utilisation during the pandemic, and excess mortality. Big data analysis through Malaysia Health Data Warehouse is an asset to the country in coordinating effective responses during the pandemic.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2022 Page: S6
ABO Blood Group Discrepancy Due to An Unusual Naturally Occurring, Clinically Significant Anti-M antibody: A Case Report
Authors: Yousuf Rabeya , Isahak Harmaniza Binti , Tang Yee Loong
Published: March 2022

ABO blood group is the most clinically significant blood group determined by forward and reverse grouping, which should match with each other. Any discrepancy between the forward and reverse grouping should be resolved to avoid incompatible transfusion reactions. Anti-M is a naturally occurring antibody that can lead to ABO discrepancy triggering a challenge for the blood bank. The objective of this case report was to present a rare case of anti-M leading to ABO discrepancy. A 2-year-old girl, diagnosed with right canine space cellulitis, was admitted for incision and drainage and tooth extraction under general anaesthesia. Her ABO blood group showed discrepancy where forward grouping was A, but reverse grouping was O with 4+ reaction in both A-cell and B-cell. Repeat testing with a new sample showed similar results. The patient’s probable Rh genotype was CDe/Cde (R1R1). The direct Coombs test and autocontrol were negative. She had no prior sensitization events. Antibody screening was positive and antibody identification revealed anti-M with a wide thermal range from 4°C to 37°C. MN phenotype was NN. Subsequent testing showed that the reverse grouping reagent A-cell possessed M-antigen and the positive reaction in reverse grouping was due to anti-M rather than anti-A. Repeat reverse grouping using M-antigen negative A-cells was negative. Crossmatch with M-antigen negative blood was compatible. Any ABO discrepancies should be resolved before transfusion. Anti-M reactive at 37°C is a clinically significant antibody. Therefore, careful interpretation of the results and a thorough analysis of the patient’s clinical history, previous blood group or transplant or transfusions history is extremely important.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 143-146
Acute paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria: A case report and literature review
Authors: Gajaweera Hasitha , Dayasiri Kavinda , Suraweera Nayani , Gamage Chandrachapa , Weerasekara Kumudu
Published: March 2022

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) is a very rare subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by the presence of cold-reacting autoantibodies in the blood and characterized by the sudden presence of hemoglobinuria, typically after exposure to cold temperatures. The acute onset PCH occurs following viral illnesses whilst the chronic form is secondary to hematological malignancies and tertiary syphilis. It is a complement mediated intravascular hemolytic anemia associated with a biphasic antibody against the p antigen on red cells. We describe a three-year child who had acute onset PCH following likely viral infection. The diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of strongly positive Donnath Landsteiner antibodies. She made a gradual recovery with supportive treatment, ten days following the initial detection of hemolysis. Parents were educated about the need to avoid cold exposure to prevent precipitation of further hemolysis and folic acid was commenced to assist the recovery of erythropoiesis.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 147-149
“Showmance”: Is performing intimacy associated with feelings of intimacy?
Authors: Saslove Jennifer , Gormezano Aki M. , Schudson Zach C. , van Anders Sari M.
Published: March 2022

Many actors report, anecdotally, a phenomenon known as a “showmance,” whereby actors develop romantic and/or sexual feelings for acting partners, often in the process of portraying romance onstage together. Because acting partners spend so much time together and may be engaging in several activities that facilitate emotional and physical closeness, it is possible that performing intimacy may influence feelings of actual intimacy. In this study, we aimed to understand the association between the type of onstage relationship that an actor portrays with their acting partner and the degree of intimacy—specifically nurturance and eroticism—that they feel toward this partner. We surveyed actors (amateur and professional) about their past theatrical experiences performing with a romantic acting partner ( romantic/intimate), a non-romantic but still intimate partner ( non-romantic/intimate; e.g., friendship, parent-child), and a non-romantic and non-intimate partner ( non-romantic/non-intimate; e.g., strangers, colleagues). We found that actors reported significantly higher levels of nurturance when recalling romantic and non-romantic/intimate onstage roles, compared to non-romantic/non-intimate roles. We also found that actors reported significantly higher levels of eroticism when recalling romantic onstage roles compared to other roles. Finally, we found that actors reported having experienced a significantly greater proportion of romantic/sexual feelings across their acting careers toward romantic acting partners, compared to other acting partners. The findings of this study provide a better understanding of the bidirectional relationship between behaviour and affect, as well as the predictors of intimacy, through a theatrical lens.
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Pancasila pada Mahasiswa PPKn Universitas Jambi
Authors: Kuswanto Kuswanto
Published: March 2022

Kendala yang sering terjadi dalam proses pembelajaran adalah penerapan model pembelajaran yang tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik dan materi yang diajarkan. Agar mahasiswa berminat mengikuti pembelajaran perlu didukung dengan model yang menarik, sehingga dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini berupaya meningkatkan minat belajar mahasiswa mengikuti pembelajaran Pancasila melalui penerapan model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (Problem Based Learning (PBL)). Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut digunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research). Berdasarkan hasil tindakan kelas yang telah dilakukan menunjukan adanya peningkatan minat belajar pada setiap siklusnya. Pada siklus I, penerapan model PBL belum maksimal (56%) menyebabkan sebagian besar mahasiswa (38%) mahasiswa masih kurang berminat menngikuti pembelajaran Pancasila. Pada siklus II, penerapan model PBL ditingkatkan (72%), minat belajar mahasiswa  meningkat (54%). Pada siklus III, sebagaian besar mahasiswa (67%) memiliki minat belajar yang baik setelah model PBL ditingkatkan penerapnya hingga mencapai 88 persen. Model PBL akan efektif dalam meningkatkan minat belajar mahasiswa apabila penerapannya dilakukan dengan baik sesuai dengan prosedur dan karakteristik mahasiswa.