bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE 3R (REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE) WASTE DISPOSAL SITE PROGRAM IN THE CONTEXT OF REDUCING WASTE IN SUKABUMI CITY
Authors: Widyastutie May , Kadar Isman , Wahyuni Sri
Published: October 2022

Rapid population growth has had an impact on the environment, both positive and negative impacts in various fields, one of which is the waste problem which is still one of the national strategic issues. Waste management in Indonesia is regulated in Law Number 18 of 2008 concerning Waste Management and for the management of household waste or the like, it is operationally strengthened with the issuance of Presidential Regulation Number 97 of 2017 concerning National Policies and Strategies for the Management of Household Waste and Waste Similar to Household Waste. The 3R Garbage Disposal Program (reduce, reuse, recycle) is an alternative in processing household waste and similar household waste, where the main concept of waste processing in the 3R Disposal Site is to reduce the quantity and/or improve the characteristics of the waste to be disposed of. processed further at the Final Disposal Site. From 2009 to 2018, Sukabumi City has built 11 units of 3R Garbage Disposal with a processing capacity of 2 tons/day each spread over several villages in the Sukabumi City area, but only 9 3R Disposal Sites are still active. up to this moment. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the achievement or success of the 3R Waste Disposal Site program in the context of reducing waste in Sukabumi City. This study uses the CIPP method, which is an evaluation model on the Context, Input, Process and Product aspects. Data obtained from the results of document analysis, field observations and interviews. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the 3R Waste Disposal Site program is feasible to be implemented as an effort to achieve the target of reducing household waste and similar household waste in accordance with regional policies and strategies in waste management. The Context aspect is categorized as good and can be the main basis for program implementation, the Input aspect is in sufficient category, the need for managerial Human Resources and technical Human Resources in the management of the 3R Waste Disposal Site and the fulfillment of maintenance costs to support the success of the program, the Process aspect is categorized as sufficient, needs optimization in the utilization of available facilities and infrastructure as well as innovation in building cooperation with the private sector for funding mechanisms, and the Product aspect is categorized as Good and still optimizing the performance of the 3R Waste Disposal Site management so that the 30% waste reduction target in 2025 can be achieved.
UTILIZATION OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS (PINE RESIN AND RESIN) FOR COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT
Authors: Sofyan Agung , Retnowati Rita , Istiadi Yossa
Published: October 2022

Management of forest areas will not be separated from the involvement of the surrounding community. land rights and natural resources, including forests, can be managed communally so that the benefits are shared by the whole community as well as individually to meet the needs of each family. One form of forest management that involves the community is the utilization of non-timber forest products by the community around the forest. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the achievement or success of using non-timber forest products (pine resin and resin) after the issuance of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number P.43/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/6/2017 and the Director's Regulation. General of the Directorate General of Conservation of Natural Resources Ecosystems Number P.6/KSDAE/Set/Kum.1/6/2018 in increasing awareness and participation of non-timber forest product users in conservation activities of the Mount Halimun Salak National Park Area. This study uses the CIPP (Context – input – process – product) method, which is an evaluation model on the Context, Input, Process and Product aspects. Data obtained from the results of document analysis, field observations and interviews. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the use of non-timber forest products (Sap Pinus and Damar) for community empowerment in Mount Halimun Salak National Park is feasible to be applied as an effort to improve the living standards of communities around the area while maintaining the sustainability of Mount Halimun Salak National Park. The context aspect is categorized as good and can be the main basis for implementing the program, the input aspect is categorized as sufficient, it is necessary to increase the capacity of human resources (accompaniment officers and community groups), especially in terms of institutional strengthening and group economic business development as well as business development training and training in the field of Natural Resources Conservation. Ecosystem, the Process aspect is categorized as sufficient, it is necessary to consider the existence of coaching, mentoring, monitoring and evaluation activities involving the parties (village government, related agencies from the local Government and/or Non-Governmental Organizations), and the Product aspect is categorized as good, it is necessary to continue to improve assistance and fostering so that group independence continues to increase, both institutionally, economically, as well as awareness to participate in maintaining the sustainability of the Mount Halimun Salak National Park area.
SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS OF CIBODAS BIOSPHERE RESERVE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Hidayat Ade Bagja , Rosadi Rosadi , Purwanto Y
Published: October 2022

This study aims to formulate the sustainable management of the Cibodas Biosphere Reserve through the function of the Biosphere Reserve approach. Sustainable development in the Cibodas Biosphere Reserve requires sustainable analysis to become material for supporting periodic reviews document of the Cibodas Biosphere Reserve Management and the Indonesian Man and Biosphere Programme National Committee. The method uses the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) method with the stages of determining the attributes in each dimension. Which are: ecological dimensions (carbon stock, environmental services, sustainability of natural resources and ecosystems, and reduction of disasters), economic dimensions (poverty reduction, strengthening of the community economy, opportunities employment and branding) and the social culture dimensions (access to SDA, sustainable development education, health services / services, as well as science and technology, and innovation). Based on the results of the Rap Analysis, Leverage Analysis and, Monte Carlo, both in the ecological, economic and socio-cultural dimensions, the CBC sustainability index (IK) value is above 75.01 on a scale of 0-100. So, it can be concluded that the management of Cibodas Biosphere Reserve is currently very sustainable.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH KNOWLEDGE AND HEALTH BEHAVIOUR TO HEALTH PROTOCOL COMPLIANCE IN LIMITED TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS AT SCHOOL
Authors: Taufik Yuliani , Retnowati Rita , Istiadi Yossa
Published: October 2022

This study aims to see: (1) the correlation between environmental health knowledge and the implementation of health protocols in compliance in limited teaching learning process at school; (2) the correlation between health behavior and the implementation of health protocols compliance in limited teaching learning process at school; and (3) the correlation between environmental health knowledge and health behavior on theimplementation of health protocols in compliance in limited teaching learning process at school. This research is a correlational quantitative research with sampling using a simple random sampling technique. The questionnaires were distributed to students of XI level in senior high school in Sub-Rayon Cigombong, Bogor with a population of 879 people and a research sample of 503 people. Data was collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Analysis of research data using standard error normality test, variance homogeneity test, regression linearity test, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study stated that there was a very significant positive relationship between knowledge about environmental health and the implementation of health protocols in compliance in limited teaching learning process at school with a contribution of 15.1%. There is a very significant positive relationship between health behavior and implementation of health protocols in compliance in limited teaching learning process at school with a contribution of 48.3%. Knowledge of a very significant relationship, including the application of health protocols in compliance in limited teaching learning process at school with a contribution of 50.6% and fulfilling the regression equation 12 = 33.113 + 0.853X1 + 0.706X2.
Self-care agency in pregnancy
Authors: ÖZCAN Handan , ŞAHAN Özlem , GUNAY Mehmet , ŞİMŞEK Hediye
Published: October 2022

Objective:This study was conducted to evaluate the self-care agency of women during pregnancy.

Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used in the study. The population of the study consisted of women with pregnancy who presented to obstetrics outpatient clinics in Gumushane public hospital between January 30, 2018 and June 20, 2018, and the sample included women who accepted to voluntarily participate in the study (n=201). Data collection tools included a personal information form and the Self-Care Agency Scale. The data were analyzed on a statistical software package, and the level of significance was determined as p
Development and evaluation of different electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride) architectures for endothelial cell culture
Authors: Durán-Rey David , Brito-Pereira Ricardo , Ribeiro Clarisse , Ribeiro Sylvie , Sánchez-Margallo Juan A. , Crisóstomo Verónica , Irastorza Igor , Silván Unai , Lanceros-Méndez Senentxu , Sánchez-Margallo Francisco M.
Published: October 2022

Tissue engineering (TE) aims to develop structures that improve or even replace the biological functions of tissues and organs. Mechanical properties, physical-chemical characteristics, biocompatibility, and biological performance of the materials are essential factors for their applicability in TE. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a thermoplastic polymer that exhibits good mechanical properties, high biocompatibility and excellent thermal properties. However, PVDF structuring, and the corresponding processing methods used for its preparation are known to significantly influence these characteristics.

In this study, doctor blade, salt-leaching, and electrospinning processing methods were used to produce PVDF-based structures in the form of films, porous membranes, and fiber scaffolds, respectively. These PVDF scaffolds were subjected to a variety of characterizations and analyses, including physicochemical analysis, contact angle measurement, cytotoxicity assessment and cell proliferation.

All prepared PVDF scaffolds are characterized by a mechanical response typical of ductile materials. PVDF films displayed mostly vibration modes for the a-phase, while the remaining PVDF samples were characterized by a higher content of electroactive β-phase due the low temperature solvent evaporation during processing. No significant variations have been observed between the different PVDF membranes with respect to the melting transition. In addition, all analysed PVDF samples present a hydrophobic behavior. On the other hand, cytotoxicity assays confirm that cell viability is maintained independently of the architecture and processing method. Finally, all the PVDF samples promote human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferation, being higher on the PVDF film and electrospun randomly-oriented membranes. These findings demonstrated the importance of PVDF topography on HUVEC behavior, which can be used for the design of vascular implants.
Periosteum and fascia lata: Are they so different?
Authors: Manon Julie , Evrard Robin , Maistriaux Louis , Fievé Lies , Heller Ugo , Magnin Delphine , Boisson Jean , Kadlub Natacha , Schubert Thomas , Lengelé Benoît , Behets Catherine , Cornu Olivier
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The human fascia lata (HFL) is used widely in reconstructive surgery in indications other than fracture repair. The goal of this study was to compare microscopic, molecular, and mechanical properties of HFL and periosteum (HP) from a bone tissue engineering perspective.

Material and Methods: Cadaveric HP and HFL (N = 4 each) microscopic morphology was characterized using histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the extracellular matrix (ECM) ultrastructure assessed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). DNA, collagen, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, major histocompatibility complex Type 1, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) contents were quantified. HP (N = 6) and HFL (N = 11) were submitted to stretch tests.

Results: Histology and IHC highlighted similarities (Type I collagen fibers and two-layer organization) but also differences (fiber thickness and compaction and cell type) between both tissues, as confirmed using SEM. The collagen content was statistically higher in HFL than HP (735 vs. 160.2 μg/mg dry weight, respectively, p < 0.0001). On the contrary, DNA content was lower in HFL than HP (404.75 vs. 1,102.2 μg/mg dry weight, respectively, p = 0.0032), as was the immunogenic potential (p = 0.0033). BMP-2 and BMP-7 contents did not differ between both tissues (p = 0.132 and p = 0.699, respectively). HFL supported a significantly higher tension stress than HP.

Conclusion: HP and HFL display morphological differences, despite their similar molecular ECM components. The stronger stretching resistance of HFL can specifically be explained by its higher collagen content. However, HFL contains many fewer cells and is less immunogenic than HP, as latter is rich in periosteal stem cells. In conclusion, HFL is likely suitable to replace HP architecture to confer a guide for bone consolidation, with an absence of osteogenicity. This study could pave the way to a bio-engineered periosteum built from HFL.
Automated segmentation of vertebral cortex with 3D U-Net-based deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Li Yang , Yao Qianqian , Yu Haitao , Xie Xiaofeng , Shi Zeren , Li Shanshan , Qiu Hui , Li Changqin , Qin Jian
Published: October 2022

Objectives: We developed a 3D U-Net-based deep convolutional neural network for the automatic segmentation of the vertebral cortex. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the 3D U-Net deep learning model.

Methods: In this study, a fully automated vertebral cortical segmentation method with 3D U-Net was developed, and ten-fold cross-validation was employed. Through data augmentation, we obtained 1,672 3D images of chest CT scans. Segmentation was performed using a conventional image processing method and manually corrected by a senior radiologist to create the gold standard. To compare the segmentation performance, 3D U-Net, Res U-Net, Ki U-Net, and Seg Net were used to segment the vertebral cortex in CT images. The segmentation performance of 3D U-Net and the other three deep learning algorithms was evaluated using DSC, mIoU, MPA, and FPS.

Results: The DSC, mIoU, and MPA of 3D U-Net are better than the other three strategies, reaching 0.71 ± 0.03, 0.74 ± 0.08, and 0.83 ± 0.02, respectively, indicating promising automated segmentation results. The FPS is slightly lower than that of Seg Net (23.09 ± 1.26 vs.30.42 ± 3.57).

Conclusion: Cortical bone can be effectively segmented based on 3D U-net.
Pathological implications of metabolic reprogramming and its therapeutic potential in medulloblastoma
Authors: Marabitti Veronica , Giansanti Manuela , De Mitri Francesca , Gatto Francesca , Mastronuzzi Angela , Nazio Francesca
Published: October 2022

Tumor-specific alterations in metabolism have been recognized to sustain the production of ATP and macromolecules needed for cell growth, division and survival in many cancer types. However, metabolic heterogeneity poses a challenge for the establishment of effective anticancer therapies that exploit metabolic vulnerabilities. Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most heterogeneous malignant pediatric brain tumors, divided into four molecular subgroups (Wingless, Sonic Hedgehog, Group 3 and Group 4). Recent progresses in genomics, single-cell sequencing, and novel tumor models have updated the classification and stratification of MB, highlighting the complex intratumoral cellular diversity of this cancer. In this review, we emphasize the mechanisms through which MB cells rewire their metabolism and energy production networks to support and empower rapid growth, survival under stressful conditions, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Additionally, we discuss the potential clinical benefits of currently available drugs that could target energy metabolism to suppress MB progression and increase the efficacy of the current MB therapies.
Mitochondrial dynamics involves molecular and mechanical events in motility, fusion and fission
Authors: Green Adam , Hossain Tanvir , Eckmann David M.
Published: October 2022

Mitochondria are cell organelles that play pivotal roles in maintaining cell survival, cellular metabolic homeostasis, and cell death. Mitochondria are highly dynamic entities which undergo fusion and fission, and have been shown to be very motile in vivo in neurons and in vitro in multiple cell lines. Fusion and fission are essential for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis through control of morphology, content exchange, inheritance of mitochondria, maintenance of mitochondrial DNA, and removal of damaged mitochondria by autophagy. Mitochondrial motility occurs through mechanical and molecular mechanisms which translocate mitochondria to sites of high energy demand. Motility also plays an important role in intracellular signaling. Here, we review key features that mediate mitochondrial dynamics and explore methods to advance the study of mitochondrial motility as well as mitochondrial dynamics-related diseases and mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics.
Biological funneling of phenolics from transgenic plants engineered to express the bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (qsuB) gene
Authors: Umana German E. , Perez Jose M. , Unda Faride , Lin Chien-Yuan , Sener Canan , Karlen Steven D. , Mansfield Shawn D. , Eudes Aymerick , Ralph John , Donohue Timothy J. , Noguera Daniel R.
Published: October 2022

The economic and environmental sustainability of lignocellulosic biomass biorefineries is predicated on generating biofuels and bioproducts from cell-wall polysaccharide and lignin polymers. Historical efforts in plant genetic engineering have focused on the development of strategies that facilitate biomass deconstruction, with more recently efforts including the synthesis of high-value chemicals in planta. One such genetic modification is the expression of the bacterial quinate and shikimate utilization B (qsuB) gene that increases the accumulation of protocatechuic acid in lignocellulosic biomass. Herein, we evaluated the effectiveness of an alkaline pretreatment process to extract phenolics directly from wild-type and QsuB-transgenic lines of Arabidopsis, poplar, and sorghum, and then upgrade them to the polyester precursor 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC) with an engineered strain of Novosphingobium aromaticivorans. Protocatechuic acid extracted from all QsuB transgenic lines was found to be mostly in the glycosylated form. Glycosylated protocatechuic acid and other plant-derived phenolics were effectively metabolized by N. aromaticivorans, and PDC production was greatest using extracts from an Arabidopsis QsuB transgenic line (∼5% w/w), followed by QsuB sorghum (∼1.1% w/w), and QsuB poplar (∼0.4% w/w) lines. The comparison of PDC production from wild-type and QsuB transgenic lines of Arabidopsis, poplar, and sorghum demonstrates the utility of a mild alkaline pretreatment to liberate phenolics from plant biomass that are either naturally present or that accumulate as a consequence of genetic engineering strategies. All QsuB transgenic lines outperformed their wild-type counterparts with respect to observed PDC yields. In addition, microbial funneling to PDC was effective even when most of the protocatechuic acid extracted was in glycosylated form, clearly demonstrating that this bacterium can metabolize these aromatic conjugates. These findings illustrate the benefits of combining plant and microbial engineering for bioproduct formation from phenolics in lignocellulosic biorefineries.
An ultrasensitive detection platform for cocaine: Aptasensing strategy in capillary tube
Authors: Zamanian Javad , Khoshbin Zahra , Hosseinzadeh Hossein , Danesh Noor Mohammd , Khakshour Abdolabadi Ali , Abnous Khalil , Taghdisi Seyed Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Cocaine as a detrimental addictive drug threats human health through inducing heart problem, blood pressure, anxiety, immunodeficiency, paranoia, and organ damage. Thus, the quantification of cocaine in the biological samples by a simple, high specificity, and fast method is highly urgent to decrease the harmful effect of the misuse of this drug. In this study, we constructed a novel fluorescent aptasensor by combining the fluorescein (FAM)-modified specific aptamer and AuNPs in a capillary tube as the sensing substrate for the first time. The presence of cocaine recovered the fluorescence response of the aptasensor through interaction with the aptamer and differentiation of the aptamer@AuNPs complex. By fluorescence microscopy imaging of the aptasensor substrate and its quantitative analysis, a remarkable linear range from 100 pM to 600 µM and the ultra-low limit of detection (LOD) as 0.31 pM were achieved for the target detection. Cocaine was successfully quantified in the real samples (human serum and urine) by using the aptasensor. The aptasensor is simple, easy-to-use, favorable applicability, and cost-effective; and to the best of our knowledge, it is the first use of the capillary tube as a sensing platform just by using about 3 μl of the samples. It is also an easy-to-carry tool, promising for the on-site target detection. Besides, it can be a portable device for monitoring cocaine by using a handheld single-beam fluorescence microscope. It can be an appropriate detection tool in forensic science and medicine.
Proximal aortic stiffness modifies the relationship between heart rate and backward wave and hence central arterial pulse pressure
Authors: Mthembu Nonhlanhla , Peterson Vernice R. , Norton Gavin R. , Sadiq Eitzaz , Kolkenbeck-Ruh Andrea , Naran Ravi , Yusuf Suraj M. , Tade Grace , Bello Hamza , Bamaiyi Adamu , Libhaber Carlos D. , Dessein Patrick , Peters Ferande , Monareng Taalib , Abdool-Carrim Talib , Cassimjee Ismail , Sareli Pinhas , Modi Girish , Woodiwiss Angela J.
Published: October 2022

Aims

A lower heart rate (HR) increases central blood pressure through enhanced backward wave pressures (Pb). We aimed to determine whether these relationships are modified by increases in aortic stiffness.

Methods

Using non-invasive central pressure, aortic velocity and diameter measurements in the outflow tract (echocardiography), we assessed the impact of aortic stiffness on relationships between HR and arterial wave morphology in 603 community participants < 60 years of age, 221 ≥ 60 years, and in 287 participants with arterial events [stroke and critical limb ischemia (CLI)].

Results

As compared to community participants < 60 years, those ≥ 60 years or with events had increased multivariate adjusted proximal aortic characteristic impedance (Zc) and carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) (p < 0.05 to < 0.0001). Community participants ≥ 60 years and those with events also had a greater slope of the inverse relationship between HR and Pb (p < 0.001 for comparison). While in community participants < 60 years, no interaction between indexes of aortic stiffness and HR occurred, in those ≥ 60 years (p < 0.02) and in those with arterial events (p = 0.001), beyond aortic root diameter, an interaction between Zc and HR, but not between PWV and HR independently associated with Pb. This translated into stepwise increases in the slope of HR-Pb relationships at incremental tertiles of Zc. Although HR was inversely associated with the systemic reflection coefficient in community participants ≥ 60 years (p < 0.0001), adjustments for the reflection coefficient failed to modify HR-Pb relations.

Conclusion

Beyond the impact on systemic wave reflection, increases in proximal aortic stiffness enhance the adverse effects of HR on Pb and hence central BP.
The impact of myocardial fibrosis biomarkers in a heart failure population with atrial fibrillation—The HARVEST-Malmö study
Authors: Nezami Zainu , Holm Hannes , Ohlsson Marcus , Molvin John , Korduner Johan , Bachus Erasmus , Zaghi Amir , Dieden Anna , Platonov Pyotr G. , Jujic Amra , Magnusson Martin
Published: October 2022

Background

Several studies suggest that circulating biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis are associated with worse prognosis in subjects with atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, we aimed to explore associations between fibrosis biomarkers, prevalent AF, and left atrial volume (LAV) enlargement in subjects with heart failure (HF). Additionally, we evaluated the prognostic impact of fibrotic biomarkers in HF with co-existing AF.

Materials and methods

Patients hospitalized for HF (n = 316, mean age 75 years; 30% women) were screened for AF. Seven proteins previously associated with myocardial fibrosis [metalloproteinase inhibitor 4 (TIMP-4), suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST-2), galectin-3 (GAL-3), growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), and matrix metalloproteinase 2, 3, and 9 (MMP-3, MMP-3, and MMP-9, respectively)] were analyzed using a proximity extension assay. Proteins with significant Bonferroni-corrected associations with mortality and re-hospitalization risk were taken forward to multivariable Cox regression analyses. Further, Bonferroni-corrected multivariable logistic regression models were used to study associations between protein plasma levels, prevalent AF, and severely enlarged left atrial volume index (LAVI ≥ 48 ml/m2).

Results

Prevalent AF was observed in 194 patients at the hospitalization of whom 178 (92%) were re-hospitalized and 111 (57%) died during the follow-up period. In multivariable logistic regression models, increased plasma levels of TIMP-4, GDF-15, and ST-2 were associated with the prevalence of AF, whereas none of the seven proteins showed any significant association with severely enlarged LAVI. Increased plasma levels of five proteins yielded significant associations with all-cause mortality in patients with co-existing AF; TIMP-4 (HR 1.33; CI95% 1.07–1.66; p = 0.010), GDF-15 (HR 1.30; CI95% 1.05–1.62; p = 0.017), GAL-3 (HR 1.29; CI95% 1.03–1.61; p = 0.029), ST-2 (HR 1.48; CI95% 1.18–1.85; p < 0.001), and MMP-3 (HR 1.33; CI95% 1.09–1.63; p = 0.006). None of the proteins showed any significant association with re-hospitalization risk.

Conclusion

In this study, we were able to demonstrate that elevated levels of three plasma proteins previously linked to myocardial fibrosis are associated with prevalent AF in a HF population. Additionally, higher levels of five plasma proteins yielded an increased risk of mortality in the HF population with or without co-existing AF.
Impact of levosimendan on efficacy and renal function in acute heart failure according to renal function: A perspective, multi-center, real-world registry
Authors: Zhang Han , Jiang Li , Fu Rui , Qin Ping , Zhang Xuan , Tian Tao , Feng Guang-xun , Yang Yan-min
Published: October 2022

Objective

Acute heart failure (AHF) is associated with high mortality. Levosimendan, an inodilator, has proved to increase cardiac output and exert renoprotective effect in AHF. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy and renoprotective effects of levosimendan in patients with AHF and different renal function.

Methods

This is a prospective, observational, multi-center registry. Patients admitted with AHF between June 2020 and May 2022 and treated with levosimendan during the hospital stay were included. Baseline characteristics, laboratory tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), chest X-ray, echocardiography, and treatment were collected. A 5-point Likert scale was used to document patients' baseline dyspnea. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by means of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. After levosimendan infusion, patients underwent assessment of degree of dyspnea, and levels of brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) /N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-pro BNP), and eGFR repeatedly.

Results

Among 789 AHF patients who received levosimendan treatment in this study, 33.0 % were female, mean age was 64.9 ± 16.8 years, and mean eGFR was 72.6 ± 32.5 ml/min/m2. The mean score of dyspnea was 3.0 ± 1.0 using 5-point Likert scale before levosimendan infusion. Dyspnea improved in 68.7% patients at 6h after infusion of levosimendan, and in 79.5% at 24 h. Lower eGFR was associated with lower efficacy rate after 6h infusion (71.7, 70.7, 65.2, and 66.0%, respectively) and after 24 h infusion (80.5, 81.4, 76.2, and 77.8%, respectively). The levels of BNP or NT-pro BNP were also decreased after levosimendan treatment, and in each eGFR category. Levels of eGFR increased from baseline (72.6 ± 32.5 ml/min/m2) to 12–24h (73.8 ± 33.5 ml/min/m2) and 24–72h (75.0 ± 33.4 ml/min/m2) after starting treatment (p < 0.001). However, the eGFR levels increased only in patients with eGFR lower than 90.0 ml/min/m2.

Conclusions

In AHF patients who received levosimendan, degree of dyspnea and levels of BNP or NT-pro BNP were significantly improved, especially in patients with higher eGFR levels. However, levosimendan infusion increase eGFR only in AHF patients with renal dysfunction.
Gender-specific differences in central blood pressure and optimal target blood pressure based on the prediction of cardiovascular events
Authors: Kim Min-Sik , Kim Gee-Hee
Published: October 2022

Background

Hypertension (HBP) is a common disease among both men and women. Central blood pressure (CBP) is a method of evaluating aorta pressure that can assess the intrinsic BP of an individual patient that more closely correlates with cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes than peripheral BP parameters. We evaluated gender-specific differences in CBP and optimal target BP based on a composite outcome of CVD, heart failure (HF), and hypertensive complications in patients with HBP.

Method

Patients were enrolled from June 2011 to December 2015 and were followed through December 2019. CBP was measured using radial tonometry. The primary endpoint was a composite outcome.

Result

The median follow-up period for enrolled patients was 6.5 years. Out of a total of 2,115 patients with an average age of 57.9 ± 13.6 years, 266 patients (12.6%) had events of primary end points during the follow-up period. There was no difference in the lowest BP level between men and women in the incidence of CVD. Among the women (49.6%), 78.1% were postmenopausal. In a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, CBP and systolic BP showed an increase in risk of 10 and 11%, respectively, with every 10 mmHg increase, and there was a similar trend of 12 and 13%, respectively, in postmenopausal women. However, PP showed an increase in risk of about 2% every 10 mmHg increase, but a tendency to increase risk by 19% in postmenopausal women.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that postmenopausal women will continue to show increased risk for CVD at BP higher than the optimal level. Conversely, there was no increase in CV risk due to menopause at BP values below the optimal level. Therefore, well-controlled BP is more important in postmenopausal women.
Increasing the effectiveness of educational technologies in the foreign languages learning process by linguistic students (comparative analysis of Russian, Indonesian and Egyptian experience)
Authors: Pradana Mahir , Rintaningrum Ratna , Kosov Mikhail , Bloshenko Tatiana , Rogova Tatyana , Singer Nermeen
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of educational technologies in the foreign language learning process by linguistic students. The focus is to compare the experiences of Russia, Indonesia, and the Egyptian language experience regarding effective of educational technologies. The role of educational technologies has gained significant importance recently; therefore, considering this aspect, the study focused on a comprehensive discussion on this aspect using previous literature and argues what has been examined previously. The rationale and significance of the study are provided, along with the brief structure of the research. Besides, the study opts for a quantitative methodology to present empirical insights into the use of educational technologies in the foreign language learning process by linguistic students in Russia, Indonesia and Egypt. To analyze and interpret the research data, a descriptive technique is used where data was collected from 90 students (30 from each country). The collected data was analyzed using statistical tools, namely SPSS, where descriptive analysis was used to determine the effectiveness of educational technologies in the foreign language learning by Russian, Indonesian, and Egyptian students. The data findings revealed that the use of educational technologies in foreign language learning facilitated the learning process for the students with the integration of various technologies ranging from computer-assisted activities and audio-visual devices to online resources and social media. The findings also revealed that the utilization of technology-assisted tools proliferated the foreign language learning, making the language learning process highly engaging and interactive, while enabling the students to have better control and autonomy over their learning, wider resource accessibility, helping improve the pronunciation, and enabling to interact with native speakers. Hence, the study concluded that technology positively contributed to the language learning experience of the students, irrespective of the location.
Combining bioinformatics, network pharmacology and artificial intelligence to predict the mechanism of celastrol in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wu Ming , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2022

Background

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common chronic disease with many serious complications. Celastrol can prevent and treat type 2 diabetes by reversing insulin resistance in a number of ways. However, the specific mechanisms by which celastrol prevents and treats T2D are not well understood. The aim of this study was to explore the key gene targets and potential signaling pathway mechanisms of celastrol for the treatment of T2D.

Methods

GSE184050 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus online database. Blood samples from patients and healthy individuals with T2D were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and a protein−protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed. Key gene analysis of DEGs was performed using the MCODE plugin in Cystoscope as well as the Hubba plugin, and intersections were taken to obtain hub genes, which were displayed using a Venn diagram. Enrichment analysis was then performed via the ClueGo plugin in Cytoscape and validated using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. The therapeutic targets of celastrol were then analyzed by pharmacophore network pharmacology, intersected to identify the therapeutic targets of celastrol, enriched for all targets, and intersected to obtain the signaling pathways for celastrol treatment. The protein structures of the therapeutic targets were predicted using the artificial intelligence AlphaFold2. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify whether celastrol could be successfully docked to the predicted targets.

Results

618 DEGs were obtained, and 9 hub genes for T2D were identified by the MCODE and Hubba plug-ins, including ADAMTS15, ADAMTS7, ADAMTSL1, SEMA5B, ADAMTS8, THBS2, HBB, HBD and HBG2. The DEG-enriched signaling pathways mainly included the ferroptosis and TGF-beta signaling pathways. A total of 228 target genes were annotated by pharmacophore target analysis, and the therapeutic targets were identified, including S100A11, RBP3, HBB, BMP7 and IQUB, and 9 therapeutic signaling pathways were obtained by an intersectional set. The protein structures of the therapeutic targets were successfully predicted by AlphaFold2, and docking was validated using molecular docking.

Conclusion

Celastrol may prevent and treat T2D through key target genes, such as HBB, as well as signaling pathways, such as the TGF-beta signaling pathway and type II diabetes mellitus.
Genetic risk score to improve prediction and treatment in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tian Yumeng , Li Ping
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by the interaction of genetics and the environment that can lead to chronic damage to many organ systems. Genome-wide association studies have identified accumulating single-nucleotide polymorphisms related to type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus. Genetic risk score (GRS) has been utilized to evaluate the incidence risk to improve prediction and optimize treatments. This article reviews the research progress in the use of the GRS in diabetes mellitus in recent years and discusses future prospects.
An Asian case of combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency due to homozygous p.R96Q mutation: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Liao Qian , Shen Rufei , Liao Mingyu , Ran Chenxi , Zhou Ling , Zhang Yuling , Peng Guiliang , Sun Zheng , Zheng Hongting , Long Min
Published: October 2022

Background

Combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17-OHD) is a very rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by mutations in the CYP17A1 gene. Almost 100 different mutations of the CYP17A1 gene have been reported, including p.R96Q mutation, but no case of p.R96Q mutation has been described in Asian populations.

Case presentation

We describe a 22-year-old female patient of 46,XY karyotype, who presented with pseudohermaphrodism, primary amenorrhea, underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics, delayed epiphyseal healing, hypertension, and hypokalemia. The diagnosis of 17-OHD was reached by measurement of steroid hormones and abdominal CT scan and confirmed by genetic sequencing, which revealed a homozygous p.R96Q missense mutation in the CYP17A1 gene. The patient received treatment with dexamethasone and estradiol, and 4 months of follow-up showed that both blood pressure and potassium were well controlled.

Conclusions

This is the first Asian case of CAH caused by a homozygous p.R96Q missense mutation in the CYP17A1 gene. Herein, we highlight the role of inguinal hernia in the early diagnosis of female 17-OHD and the necessity of removing the ectopic testis.
Spatial gathering characteristics of drought in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Yuan Ning , Feng Yuqing , Liang Sihai , Wang Guangjun , Yin Tao , Yan Dezhao , Wu Pan , Kuang Xingxing , Wan Li
Published: October 2022

Due to climate change, drought has caused serious impacts on the eco-environment, hydrology and agriculture, and drought events in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) have become more severer and frequent; therefore, understanding the characteristics and variations of drought is crucial to reduce its eco-environmental and socio-economic impacts. This study used the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to identify drought and assessed its interannual changes from 1980 to 2020. Then, the Hurst exponent and intensity analysis were used to identify future drought trend and the characteristics of drought intensity. Moreover, Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis was performed to examine the main spatial gathering characteristics. The results indicate that: 1) the QTP was becoming wetter in general, and drying places were mainly distributed in the southeast and northeast of the QTP, as well as the Qaidam Basin accounting for 27% areas of QTP. 2) The trend of wet and dry in the future in most regions would be the same as the present, only 10% of the regions would have the reverse trend. 3) The rate of wet/drought changes was faster in the 1980s and 2000s. 4) The EOF mode1 revealed a gathering distribution structure with negative values in the southeast and east of the QTP and positive values in the center and west. The west was more sensitive to the variation of dry and wet, and most areas will continue to be wet in the future. EOF mode2 and mode3 mainly indicated opposite gathering patterns of southwest-northeast and south-north. The results provide favorable evidence for policymakers to better understand and prevent drought.
Exploring methane cycling in an arctic lake in Kangerlussuaq Greenland using stable isotopes and 16S rRNA gene sequencing
Authors: Cadieux Sarah B. , Schütte Ursel M. E. , Hemmerich Chris , Powers Sarah , White Jeffrey R.
Published: October 2022

Lakes are currently responsible for a significant amount of total natural methane emission. Microbial oxidation of methane plays a central role in Arctic carbon cycling, potentially reducing methane emissions from lakes, though little is known about methane cycling in the water column of Arctic lakes. We previously detected surprisingly large enrichments of heavy carbon and hydrogen isotopes of methane in three small lakes in Greenland suggesting unusually efficient methanotrophic communities in these Arctic lakes. Using stable isotope and 16S rRNA gene sequencing we determined carbon and hydrogen isotopes and microbial community composition down the water column of Teardrop lake, under open-water conditions. We found that isotopic values of methane in Teardrop lake were again highly enriched 13C and 2H at 4 m depth with −13.2‰ and −27.1‰ values for carbon and hydrogen isotopes, respectively. Methane concentrations slightly increased at the depth interval with isotope enrichment, not typical of classic methanotrophy. Consistent with isotopic enrichment of the heavy isotopes we detected the highest relative abundance of putative methanotrophs, in particular Methylovulum at 4 m. The highest relative abundance of putative methanogens was detected at 3 m as well as at 5 m. At the same depth interval, temperature and oxidation reduction potential also increase, supporting increased microbial activity within the water column. Based on geochemical and microbial observations, we suggest that the methane cycling in Teardrop lake is decoupled from a traditional depth dependent model where the dominant source of methane is in the anoxic sediments. Instead, methane in the water column is likely from a combination of anoxic sediment, littoral transport and oxic methanogenesis in the mid-water column, and recycling of carbon within the water column is leading to extreme isotope enrichments. Thus, understanding linkages between depth-dependent microbial dynamics and methane biogeochemistry are necessary to constrain the sensitivity of the methane cycle to future climate change.
Tetracycline-controlled (TetON) gene expression system for the smut fungus Ustilago maydis
Authors: Ingole Kishor D. , Nagarajan Nithya , Uhse Simon , Giannini Caterina , Djamei Armin
Published: October 2022

Ustilago maydis is a biotrophic phytopathogenic fungus that causes corn smut disease. As a well-established model system, U. maydis is genetically fully accessible with large omics datasets available and subject to various biological questions ranging from DNA-repair, RNA-transport, and protein secretion to disease biology. For many genetic approaches, tight control of transgene regulation is important. Here we established an optimised version of the Tetracycline-ON (TetON) system for U. maydis. We demonstrate the Tetracycline concentration-dependent expression of fluorescent protein transgenes and the system’s suitability for the induced expression of the toxic protein BCL2 Associated X-1 (Bax1). The Golden Gate compatible vector system contains a native minimal promoter from the mating factor a-1 encoding gene, mfa with ten copies of the tet-regulated operator (tetO) and a codon optimised Tet-repressor (tetR*) which is translationally fused to the native transcriptional corepressor Mql1 (UMAG_05501). The metabolism-independent transcriptional regulator system is functional both, in liquid culture as well as on solid media in the presence of the inducer and can become a useful tool for toxin-antitoxin studies, identification of antifungal proteins, and to study functions of toxic gene products in Ustilago maydis.
Non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers in osteosarcoma
Authors: Fan Lijuan , Zhong Zhenhao , Lin Yubo , Li Jitian
Published: October 2022

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary solid malignant tumor that occurs most frequently in the metaphysis of long bones. More likely to happen to children and adolescents. OS has high mortality and disability rate. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of OS have not been fully understood till now. Due to the lack of effective biomarkers, OS cannot be precisely detected in the early stage. With the application of next-generation and high-throughput sequencing, more and more abnormally expressed non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) have been identified in OS. Growing evidences have suggested the ncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), have played an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of OS. Thus, they can be served as novel biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. This review summarized the application of ncRNA as biomarkers in OS in detail, and discussed the limitation and future improvement of the potential biomarkers.
The strategies of NLRP3 inflammasome to combat Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Yoon Chanjin , Ham Yu Seong , Gil Woo Jin , Yang Chul-Su
Published: October 2022

Infection with the protozoan parasiteToxoplasma gondii(T. gondii) results in the activation of nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs), which in turn leads to inflammasome assembly and the subsequent activation of caspase-1, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and pyroptotic cell death. Several recent studies have addressed the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome inT. gondiiinfection without reaching a consensus on its roles. Moreover, the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in different cell types remain unknown. Here we review current research on the activation and specific role of the NLRP3 inflammasome inT. gondiiinfection.
An update on the role of complement in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Zhijie , Yeung Charlie Lot Sum , Yam Judy Wai Ping , Mao Xiaowen
Published: October 2022

As a main producer of complement, the environment in the liver is greatly affected by the complement system. Although the complement system is considered to have the ability of nonself discrimination, remarkable studies have revealed the tight association between improper complement activation in tumour initiation and progression. As complement activation predominantly occurs within the liver, the protumourigenic role of the complement system may contribute to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Improvement in the understanding of the molecular targets involved in complement-mediated tumour development, metastasis, and tumour-promoting inflammation in HCC would certainly aid in the development of better treatments. This minireview is focused on recent findings of the protumourigenic role of the complement system in HCC.