bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Métodos de avaliação do olfato em pacientes vítimas de hemorragia subaracnóidea: revisão sistemática
Authors: Lima Sandro Júnior Henrique , Azevedo Filho Hildo Rocha Cirne de , Silva Hilton Justino da
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivos: Revisar de forma sistemática os métodos para avaliação do olfato em vítimas de hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática, e identificar as alterações encontradas com a utilização desses métodos. Estratégia de pesquisa: A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada na plataforma de busca PubMed e nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL e ScienceDirect, tendo a busca de dados ocorrida em agosto e setembro de 2014. Critérios de seleção: Artigos originais publicados em qualquer língua que abordassem as alterações de olfato na hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática, com objetivo de avaliar essa função através de métodos específicos. Foram excluídos estudos de revisão; estudos de caso; capítulos de livro; editoriais e estudos que abordassem a hemorragia subaracnóidea não aneurismática. Análise dos dados: Foram consideradas como variáveis na análise dos dados: autor/ano, país, amostra/idade, tratamento, método utilizado, momento da avaliação do olfato e resultados. Resultados: A busca de artigos resultou em 1.763 artigos, desses, 9 artigos originais foram selecionados para esta revisão. Foi observado que todos os artigos foram desenvolvidos em países europeus e asiáticos e na avaliação do olfato utilizou-se desde testes padronizados e não padronizados a questionários, cujos objetivos variaram entre avaliar o olfato antes e/ou após o tratamento cirúrgico nessa população. Conclusão: Foi observada heterogeneidade nos métodos utilizados para avaliação do olfato na hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática, como também no momento selecionado para aplicação das avaliações. Além disso, os estudos evidenciaram a existência de déficit olfatório nos pacientes, e a relação entre o tratamento cirúrgico e a disfunção olfatória.
CONDIÇÕES ESTRUTURAIS EMPREENDEDORASNA CRIAÇÃO DE NOVOS NEGÓCIOS: A VISÃO DE ESPECIALISTAS
Authors: PINHO JOSÉ CARLOS , THOMPSON DOUGLAS
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Pretende-se, com este artigo, compreender o efeito de determinadas condições estruturais empreendedoras na oportunidade de contexto em criar novos negócios e, ainda, a influência que essa última oportunidade de contexto tem na capacidade individual em iniciar um novo negócio. A metodologia e os dados recolhidos têm por base o projeto Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Os resultados do estudo indicam que, em termos globais, apesar de estarmos na presença de duas economias de natureza estrutural diferente, uma orientada para a inovação (Portugal) e a outra orientada para a dotação de fatores (Angola), os resultados obtidos não são significativamente diferentes entre os dois países. Entre as várias relações estruturais propostas, aquela que se apresenta como mais distintiva para os dois países em análise consiste em: quanto mais favoráveis forem as normas culturais e sociaisem torno do empreendedorismo, maior a sua influência na educação e formação em empreendedorismo. Apesar de essa hipótese se confirmar para ambos os países, evidencia, contudo, um grau de intensidade diferente. Este estudo é original na medida em que pode fornecer pistas e orientaçõesrelevantes aos decisores políticos sobre o tipo de medidas a adotar em empreendedorismo.
PROPENSIÓN A INNOVAR EN TI Y RECIPROCIDAD EN EL ÁMBITO DE LAS REDES SOCIALES
Authors: MUÑOZ-EXPOSITO MIRIAN , SÁNCHEZ-FRANCO MANUEL JESUS
Published: April 2016

RESUMEN El objetivo de la investigación reside en la influencia de la propensión a la innovación en Tecnologías de la Información (TI) como rasgo personal específico, y la reciprocidad sobre el apoyo recibido (su percepción) y la integración social en las redes sociales online. La revisión de la literatura revela la ausencia de estudios concluyentes sobre los efectos de las diferencias personales en la integración social. Un modelo estructural se propone para valorar las relaciones entre los constructos, y el poder predictivo del modelo de investigación. Los resultados demuestran que mejorar la reciprocidad, el apoyo recibido y la promoción de la propensión a la innovación en TI son iniciativas relevantes para el bienestar del usuario y su integración social. La investigación amplía el poder explicativo de la teoría existente, y sugiere a los responsables de marketing estrategias que mejoren dichas variables fomentando la integración social y el éxito duradero de la red socialonline.
Continuity, focus and impact: a commented historical perspective on Embrapa Vegetables' extended Capsicum breeding program
Authors: Reifschneider Francisco JB , Lopes Carlos A , Ribeiro Cláudia SC
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT The article describes the origin, development and main results of Embrapa Vegetables' Capsicum breeding program, a continuous activity for more than three decades. The article points out and highlights how partnerships, both in Brazil and abroad, both with the public and the private sectors, were vital to the success of the program. The article also glosses over the development of the Capsicum germplasm bank and its importance to the breeding program, concluding with a set of faced challenges and lessons learned which might be of interest to other similar programs.
Suscetibilidade de adultos de Bemisia tabaci biótipo B a inseticidas
Authors: Esashika Danilo AS , Michereff-Filho Miguel , Bastos Cristina S , Inoue-Nagata Alice K , Dias Antônio M , Ribeiro Matheus GPM
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: A associação de alguns vírus fitopatogênicos com seus vetores pode ou não alterar a ação do controle químico. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a suscetibilidade de moscas-brancas virulíferas (com aquisição do begomovirus Tomato severe rugose virus, ToSRV) e avirulíferas (sem aquisição do ToSRV) aos principais inseticidas registrados para o seu controle na cultura do tomateiro. Foram realizados ensaios com plantas de tomateiro e discos foliares de feijão-de-porco. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial de 7 (seis inseticidas + controle) e de 5 (quatro inseticidas + controle) x 2 {mosca-branca (MB) virulífera (V) ou avirulífera (AV)} e dispostos no delineamento em blocos ao acaso com seis e 25 repetições para o tomateiro e feijão-de-porco, respectivamente. Os inseticidas e concentrações avaliados foram: a) tomateiro: acefato (100 g), clotianidina (20 g), pimetrozina (40 g), piriproxifem (75 mL) e tiametoxam (20 g de i.a./100 L de calda) e diafentiurom (800 g de i.a./300 L de calda); b) feijão-de-porco: acefato (100 g), tiametoxam (20 g), pimetrozina (40 g de i.a./100 L) e diafentiurom (800 g de i.a./300 L de calda). Não houve diferença na suscetibilidade do vetor em razão de sua condição (V ou AV). Os inseticidas diafentiurom (87,68%±4,96) e tiametoxam (43,95%±9,43) proporcionaram maior mortalidade de MB no tomateiro, enquanto no feijão-de-porco diafentiurom (92,01%±2,68) e tiametoxam (86,39%±2,74) apresentaram desempenho similar. Diafentiurom foi o único inseticida que proporcionou controle satisfatório de B. tabaci em ambos os ensaios avaliados.
Phosphate fertilization over the accumulation of macronutrients in cauliflower seed production
Authors: Cardoso Antonio II , Claudio Marina TR , Nakada-Freitas Pâmela G , Magro Felipe O , Tavares Ana EB
Published: April 2016

abstract Considering the scarce information on nutrient extraction by plants for seed production within vegetable crops, as well as the effect of fertilization over extraction, studying nutrient accumulation in different plant parts under varied fertilization rates is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of phosphate rates on macronutrient accumulation in cauliflower plants during seed production. Five phosphate rates were studied (0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 kg/ha P2O5), in a randomized complete block design, with four replications. Accumulation of nutrients in the different plant parts was evaluated at the end of the cycle (vegetative and reproductive, the latter divided in seeds and inflorescence). Data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. Considering only the seeds, a quadratic effect was obtained for the accumulation of all macronutrients, with maximum estimated for rates between 858 and 952 kg/ha P2O5. Considering the whole plant (total accumulation), a linear increase for P, Ca and S was obtained the higher the P2O5 rates, while the effect was quadratic for N, K and Mg accumulation. The total nutrient accumulation descending order was: K>N>Ca>S>P>Mg, and considering only the seeds was: N>S>K>P>Ca>Mg, S being highlighted as the second most accumulated nutrient in the seeds.
Plant growth response of subirrigated salvia 'Vista Red' to increasing water levels at two substrates
Authors: Ferrarezi Rhuanito S , Iersel Marc W van , Testezlaf Roberto
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT: Subirrigation applies water and nutrients to the bottom of pots without wetting leaves, improving water use and reducing disease spread compared to overhead irrigation systems. However, water levels applied within the benches are often higher than required to promote capillary action, applying more water than needed and wasting pumping energy. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different water levels on plant growth of subirrigated salvia (Salvia splendens) 'Vista Red' in two substrates. Five water levels (0.75, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 cm) and two substrates {pine bark: sphagnum peat moss and peat: perlite (both 75%: 25% v/v)} were tested, with four replications. Substrate moisture was monitored by capacitance-type sensors connected to a multiplexer and data logger. Volumetric water content (VWC) was higher in peat: perlite (0.34 to 0.75 m3/m3) than pine bark: sphagnum peat moss (0.21 to 0.60 m3/m3) at all water levels. Higher water levels increased VWC in both substrates. The leaf chlorophyll index was 4% lower at the 6.0 cm compared to the other treatments in peat: perlite (p<0.0001). Stomatal conductance decreased overtime; but increased with the increase in water levels in peat: perlite (p<0.0001). Different water levels had no effect on leaf area, net photosynthesis, number of branches and leaves, and shoot dry weight (p>0.05), an indication that the different water levels do not affect the plant growth. However, shoot plant height increased 13% in pine bark: sphagnum peat moss (p=0.0096) and 17% in peat: perlite (p=0.0335) as water levels increased. Water levels of 1.5 cm and higher can be recommended for pine bark: sphagnum peat moss or peat: perlite in subirrigation, applying water according to plant needs, optimizing plant growth and reducing the nutrient solution pumping costs compared to systems that apply higher water levels.
Germinação de sementes de tomateiro em diferentes temperaturas: Variabilidade fenotípica e heterose
Authors: Nascimento Warley M , Andrade Karina P , Freitas Raquel A , Silva Giovani O , Boiteux Leonardo S
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Uma alternativa para aumentar a qualidade e desempenho da germinação de sementes de tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum), especialmente em condições ambientais adversas, é explorar, via estratégias de melhoramento, a variabilidade genética existente dentro do germoplasma dessa espécie. A velocidade e a percentagem de germinação de sementes de acessos ou cultivares de tomateiro são influenciadas por diversos fatores genéticos e ambientais. O fator temperatura influencia a germinação de forma expressiva. No presente trabalho, características qualitativas bem como a germinação de sementes em diferentes temperaturas foram avaliadas nas linhagens maternas, paternas e nas gerações F1 duplo-recíprocas (linhagem materna x linhagem paterna e linhagem paterna x linhagem materna) de quatro híbridos de tomate para consumo in natura (San Vito, Duradoro, Finestra e Fontana). A qualidade das sementes das linhagens e híbridos duplo-recíprocos foi avaliada pelos seguintes testes e determinações: massa de 1000 sementes; germinação a 15, 25 e 35°C; primeira contagem a 15, 25 e 35°C; envelhecimento acelerado e, emergência de plântulas. A alta temperatura (35ºC) reduziu a germinação de todos os acessos. Os resultados obtidos com os cruzamentos duplo-recíprocos, considerando o caráter resposta de germinação a diferentes temperaturas, evidenciaram um efeito significativo dos parentais sobre os híbridos. Efeito materno foi observado em 'San Vito' e 'Fontana' e efeito paterno foi observado no híbrido Finestra. Heterose foi observada para algumas das características avaliadas em 'San Vito' e 'Finestra'.
Identification and pathogenicity of Pseudomonas cichorii associated with a bacterial blight of gerbera in the Federal District
Authors: Marques Eder , Borges Rafaela CF , Uesugi Carlos H
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT: In 2013, leaf samples of gerbera plants showing symptoms of bacterial blight were collected in cut-flower high tunnels, in the settlement of núcleo rural alexandre gusmão, located in brazlândia, distrito federal, brazil. seven isolates obtained were subjected to phenotypic and molecular characterization, including pathogenicity tests, lopat, and partial sequencing of the 16s rdna gene. all isolates were gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive, produced fluorescent pigment, induced hypersensitivity in tobacco leaves, used sorbitol and glutamate and were pathogenic to 24 different plant species. results of these tests and analysis of the sequences of rdna showed 100% identity with pseudomonas cichorii. to our knowledge, this is the first report of p. cichorii in gerbera in the federal district.
Produção de alho submetido a períodos de vernalização e épocas de plantio em região de clima semiárido
Authors: Lopes Welder AR , Negreiros Maria Z , Resende Francisco V , Lucena Rafaella RM , Soares Alinne M , Silva Otaciana MP , Medeiros José F
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Com o objetivo de avaliar a produção de alho nobre submetido a períodos de vernalização e épocas de plantio, realizou-se um experimento em Baraúna-RN, de maio a outubro de 2012. Os tratamentos foram dispostos no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados completos, com três repetições. Nas parcelas foram alocadas as épocas de plantio (22 de maio, 5 de junho e 23 de junho), e nas subparcelas os períodos de vernalização pré-plantio do alho-semente (4±1°C durante 50, 55, 60, 65 e 70 dias). Foram avaliados comprimento de plantas, número de folhas, ciclo, estande final, massa média de bulbos, percentagem de plantas com bulbos, produtividade total de bulbos, classificação dos bulbos, número de bulbilhos por bulbo e classificação dos bulbilhos. O plantio em 22 de maio proporcionou maiores comprimento de plantas, número de folhas, estande final e massa média de bulbos; o ciclo decresceu com o tempo de vernalização; houve formação de bulbos com diferenciação de bulbilhos em todos os tratamentos sem, entretanto, haver ocorrência de plantas com superbrotamento; a produtividade total de bulbos aumentou com o tempo de vernalização de até 63 dias nos plantios em 22 de maio e 23 de junho, com médias de 5,20 e 3,85 t/ha; a combinação entre o plantio em 22 de maio e 65 dias de vernalização, foi a que proporcionou maior número de bulbilhos por bulbo e maior percentual de bulbos comerciais, distribuídos nas classes 3, 4 e 5. Esses resultados evidenciam ser possível o cultivo de alho nobre na região de Mossoró-RN utilizando o processo de frigorificação do alho-planta.
Diversidade e métodos de amostragem de Hymenoptera na cultura da melancia no semiárido
Authors: Costa Ewerton M , Araujo Elton L , Fernandes Daniell RR , Silva Paolo AF , Sales Junior Rui
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Os objetivos deste trabalho foram conhecer a fauna de Hymenoptera associada à cultura da melancia e avaliar a influência das armadilhas Pitfall, Moericke e McPhail na captura desses insetos, em ambiente semiárido no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. O levantamento foi realizado entre os meses de agosto e setembro de 2011, em área de produção comercial de melancia cv. Crimson Sweet. As coletas dos himenópteros foram realizadas, semanalmente, durante o ciclo da cultura. Para captura dos insetos, foram utilizados três tipos de armadilhas, Pitfall, Moericke e McPhail, na densidade de 20, 20 e 1 armadilha por hectare, respectivamente. As armadilhas foram instaladas sete dias após o plantio das sementes, e mantidas na área até a colheita dos frutos. Foram coletados um total de 3.123 himenópteros pertencentes a 10 superfamílias, distribuídas em 24 famílias. Formicidae foi a mais representativa, com abundância relativa total de 54,43%, seguida por Apidae com 17,96%. Foi observada também a presença de 18 famílias de himenópteros parasitoides (18,89%), com destaque para Platygastridae (6,60%), Encyrtidae (2,79%), Chalcididae (2,56%), Mymaridae (2,56%), Pompilidae (1,15%) e Trichogrammatidae (1,09%). Ressalta-se ainda a ocorrência das famílias de predadores Crabronidae (6,34%), Vespidae (2,24%) e Sphecidae (0,10%). Dentre as armadilhas, Moericke capturou a maior diversidade de Hymenoptera (24 famílias), seguida por Pitfall (11 famílias) e McPhail (sete famílias).
Oferta e tecnologias de produção de pepino e berinjela em Minas Gerais
Authors: Dumont Armando H , Dias Luiz AS , Finger Fernando L
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: A oferta de hortaliças em Minas Gerais oscila ao longo do ano e o conhecimento do perfil dos produtores mineiros de pepino e berinjela e das tecnologias utilizadas por eles pode contribuir para minimizar essa sazonalidade. Para esta pesquisa foram identificadas as meso e microrregiões e municípios com maior produção/oferta na Central de Abastecimento de Minas Gerais (CEASA-MG). A pesquisa abrangeu 11 municípios, sendo quatro deles na microrregião de Sete Lagoas, cinco na microrregião de Belo Horizonte e dois na microrregião de Itaguara. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se questionário com 35 perguntas, aplicado a 65 produtores. As microrregiões de Belo Horizonte e Sete Lagoas foram responsáveis por 77% da oferta de pepino, enquanto a mesorregião metropolitana de Belo Horizonte respondeu por 86,5% da oferta de berinjela. Detectou-se o uso de algumas tecnologias de produção, como irrigação por gotejamento (94%), capina manual/química (50%), aquisição e plantio de mudas certificadas (68%), plantio na entressafra (16%), controle de custos (93%), orientação técnica e análise de solo, esporadicamente, rotação de culturas (100%) e classificação de produtos (100%). Não obstante, as técnicas gerenciais inadequadas aplicadas com falhas no planejamento, ocasionaram, em algumas épocas do ano, a falta do produto para atender o mercado. Como arrendatários (43%), grande parte dos produtores não se sente motivada a praticar o cultivo em ambiente protegido.
Reação de genótipos de cebola à mancha púrpura
Authors: Pereira Ricardo B , Oliveira Valter R , Carvalho Agnaldo DF , Pinheiro Jadir B
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: A mancha púrpura é uma das doenças mais limitantes da cebola, e a resistência genética é forma de controle mais viável da doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a reação de genótipos de cebola a alternaria porri em campo. Foram avaliados 64 genótipos (cultivares, populações e linhagens do programa de melhoramento da embrapa) em sistema convencional de cultivo. Utilizou-se como testemunha resistente a população cnph 6342 e como suscetível a linhagem macho-fértil 420. A cultura foi implantada pelo método de semeadura direta com população de 500 mil plantas por hectare. Foi utilizado o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas de seis fileiras no sentido longitudinal do canteiro, espaçadas de 15 cm (área total de 0,9 m²). A doença ocorreu de forma natural no campo e, a severidade foi avaliada em dez plantas por parcela aos 80, 110 e 140 dias após a semeadura. A produtividade e a massa média de bulbos comerciais (diâmetro ≥35 mm) foram avaliadas em apenas 45 genótipos, os quais exibiram adaptação às condições de clima local e bulbificaram adequadamente. 'crioula mercosul', '446', 'bola precoce', 'juporanga l2', 'caeté', 'rainha', 'dourada', 'juporanga l7', 'cnph 6342', 'crioula alto vale' e 'roxa do barreiro' apresentaram maior resistência ao patógeno, com áreas abaixo da curva de progresso da severidade da doença (aacpsd) inferiores a 437,33, enquanto a linhagem macho-fértil 420 apresentou aacpsd de 1.177,94. Os genótipos 'brs 367' e 'shinju', por sua vez, associaram alta produtividade de bulbos comerciais e moderada resistência à doença, com produtividades superiores a 43,9 t/ha e aacpsd inferiores a 567,28, sendo considerados os mais tolerantes à mancha púrpura.
Crescimento e absorção de nutrientes pela cultivar de cebola Bola Precoce
Authors: Kurtz Claudinei , Pauletti Volnei , Fayad Jamil A , Vieira Neto João
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: No Sul, principal região produtora de cebola do Brasil, não se dispõe, atualmente, de pesquisas sobre a dinâmica de absorção de nutrientes, exigência nutricional e exportação de nutrientes para o sistema de transplante de mudas, que abrange mais de 70% da área cultivada com esta hortaliça. Objetivou-se determinar o crescimento, acúmulo, partição e as taxas de absorção de nutrientes para a cultivar de cebola Bola Precoce no sistema de transplante na região Sul do Brasil. O presente trabalho foi conduzido a campo na Estação Experimental da Epagri, município de Ituporanga-SC. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com 18 tratamentos e cinco repetições. Cada tratamento correspondeu a uma época de avaliação/coleta realizada em intervalos de sete dias. Cada parcela foi constituída de 27 plantas e para cada avaliação foram coletadas as cinco plantas centrais de cada parcela. Foi avaliado o acúmulo de massa seca, taxa de crescimento absoluto, teor e conteúdo dos nutrientes N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu, B e Mn nas folhas e bulbos e determinadas as taxas de absorção. O crescimento foi lento e a demanda por nutrientes baixa na primeira metade do ciclo até aos 60 dias após o transplante (DAT). Durante o período de bulbificação (61-119 DAT), o crescimento e a absorção de nutrientes foram intensificados e a planta acumulou 84% da MS total e entre 73 e 89% do total de nutrientes. No final do ciclo, para uma produtividade média de 37,34 t/ha, a sequência de acúmulo de nutrientes verificada em ordem decrescente foi N>K>Ca>P>Mg>Fe>B>Mn>Zn>Cu, com 101,4; 86,5; 46,6; 34,5; 12,1 kg/ha e 761; 221; 150; 84 e 34 g/ha, respectivamente. Dessa quantidade, 57,5; 52,8; 42,3; 68,5; 57,3; 37,6; 70,7; 41,9; 73,6 e 71,6%, respectivamente, foram depositados no bulbo.
MUSCLE DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENT IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Alves Débora Pinheiro Lédio , Araújo Barbara de
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Scoliosis is characterized by three-dimensional changes of the spine and is estimated to be present in 4% of the population worldwide. The most common form is the adolescent idiopathic. The purpose of this study is to identify the major muscle abnormalities found in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis through a literature review. We conducted an electronic search of the national databases PubMed, Lilacs, PEDro, and EMBASE using the keywords "scoliosis", "biomechanics", "exercise", "physical therapy specialty", "idiopathic", and "muscles", from January 2003 to April 2015. The most relevant articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish were selected by title and abstract. It was also performed a manual search of the references of the selected articles. From a total of 4,319 articles, 11 were selected. We conclude that individuals with AIS have changes in the paraspinal muscles, with a difference in activation between the concave and convex sides, suggesting an increase in EMG activity on the convex side, although there is still no consensus among the authors.
FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY, SAGITTAL ALIGNMENT AND PELVIC BALANCE IN LUMBAR SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
Authors: Muñiz Luna Luis , Vilchis Sámano Hugo , Marban Heredia Marcos , Salcedo Oviedo Enrique , Ordaz Juvenal , María Morales Ana , De La Cruz Álvarez Jorge Salvador , Canales Nájera José Antonio , Bahena Salgado Yadira , Negrete-Mundo Edgar
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objectives: To demonstrate the recovery of lumbar sagittal pelvic alignment and sagittal pelvic balance after surgical reduction of lumbar spondylolisthesis and establish the benefits of the surgery for reduction and fixation of the lumbar spondylolisthesis with 360o circumferential arthrodesis for 2 surgical approaches by clinical and functional evaluation. Method: Eight patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis treated with surgical reduction and fixation of listhesis and segmental circumferential fusion with two surgical approaches were reviewed. They were evaluated before and after treatment with Oswestry, Visual Analogue for pain and Odom scales, performing radiographic measurement of lumbar sagittal alignment and pelvic sagittal balance with the technique of pelvic radius. Results: Oswestry scales and EVA reported improvement of symptoms after treatment in 8 cases; the Odom scale had six outstanding cases reported. The lumbar sagittal alignment presented a lumbosacral lordosis angle and a lumbopelvic lordosis angle reduced in 4 cases and increased in 4 other cases; pelvic sagittal balance increased the pelvic angle in 4 cases and decreased in 3 cases and the sacral translation of the hip axis to the promontory increased in 6 cases. Conclusion: The surgical procedure evaluated proved to be useful by modifying the lumbar sagittal alignment and the pelvic balance, besides reducing the symptoms, enabling the patient to have mobility and movement and the consequent satisfaction with the surgery.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS, VITAMIN D AND NASAL COLONIZATION IN SPINAL SURGERY
Authors: Santos Diego Benone dos , Pratali Raphael de Rezende , Martins Samuel Machado , Hoffman Carla Balkanyi , Barsotti Carlos Eduardo Gonçales , Santos Francisco Prado Eugenio dos , Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Algaves Soares de
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the nutritional status, vitamin D, the serum albumin, and the nasal colonization by bacteria in a Brazilian population sample that included specifically patients undergoing spine surgery Methods: The serum albumin and vitamin D tests were performed on blood samples; nasal microbiological research was performed by swab and demographic information was collected. We studied the correlation between the tests and gender and age groups of patients. Results: Seventy-five patients were included. Of this total, 74 patients underwent testing of albumin levels, 64 of vitamin D and 41 underwent nasal swab. The mean of serum albumin was 3.76 g/dl (SD = 0.53 g/dl); 70.3% of subjects were considered normal and 29.7% showed hypoalbuminemia. Regarding vitamin D, the mean was 16.64 ng/ml (SD: 7.43 ng/ml); 64.1% of patients were considered deficient, 32.8% insufficient, and 3.1% were considered normal. There was significant difference between albumin and age (p=0.007), being that the greater the age, the lower the albumin. Hypoalbuminemia was significantly more frequent over 60 years (p<0.001). There was no correlation between vitamin D or nasal swab and age (p=0.603 and 0.725, respectively). The correlation between the tests and gender showed no significant difference in any of the parameters. Conclusion: The serum albumin and vitamin D levels and results of nasal swab were presented for a Brazilian sample of patients undergoing spine surgery. It was found correlation between hypoalbuminemia (inferring malnutrition) and age group of patients. Almost all the patients had some degree of vitamin D deficiency, with no correlation with age.
STUDY OF VARIATION OF THE DIAMETER OF THE SPINAL CANAL AND THE FORAMINA IN SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
Authors: Garcia Enguer Beraldo , Dressler Hugo Bertani , Garcia Jr Enguer Beraldo , Garcia Liliane Faria , Santos Lucas do Amaral , Barros Gilberto Afonso Vieira , Gonçalves Roberto Garcia , Martins José Carlos Tadeu , Rodrigues Rogéria Nobre
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: To define and quantify the degree of change of the spinal canal diameter in patients with degenerative and spondylolytic spondylolisthesis. Methods: We studied CT scans of 54 patients. Of this total, 37 (29 women and 8 men) had degenerative type and 17 (7 women and 10 men) had spondylolytic type. Results: In the degenerative spondylolisthesis group, the average diameter of the spinal canal at the injured vertebra level was 17.35 mm and 17.64 mm for the upper vertebra level. The average diameter of the foramen at the level of the affected vertebra was 14.61 mm to left side and 15.00 mm to the right side. The average diameter of the foramen at the upper vertebra level was 16.82 mm to the left side and 16.51 mm to the right side. In the spondylolytic group, the average diameter of the spinal canal at the level of the affected vertebra was 23.25 mm and at the upper vertebra level was 18.66 mm. The average diameter of the foramen at the level of the affected vertebra was 11.98 mm to the left side and 12.34 mm to the right side. The average diameter of the foramen at the level of the upper vertebra was 16.97 mm to the left side and 15.58 mm to the right side. Conclusion: The diameter of the spinal canal in the sagittal plane showed no statistically significant increase in the spondylolytic spondylolisthesis group, in contrast to what is found in the degenerative spondylolisthesis group. It was also observed a reduction in vertebral foramina of the injured level in both groups.
INFLUENCE OF THE SAGITTAL BALANCE ON THE CLINICAL OUTCOME IN SPINAL FUSION
Authors: Coutinho Marcela Almeida Campos , Pratali Raphael de Rezende , Motta Marcel Machado da , Hoffman Carla Balkanyi , Barsotti Carlos Eduardo Gonçales , Santos Francisco Prado Eugenio dos , Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Algaves Soares de
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluates which radiographic parameters of the sagittal and spinopelvic balance influence the clinical and functional outcomes of a sample of patients undergoing spinal fusion. Methods: We studied 32 patients who underwent spinal fusion. Radiographs of the total spine were obtained from all patients. The clinical and functional parameters studied were analysis of pain by visual analogic scale (VAS) and Oswestry and SRS-30 questionnaires. We analyzed the correlation between the clinical and functional parameters and radiographic parameters of the sagittal and spinopelvic balance. Results: There was no significant correlation between parameters pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL) and difference between PI and LL (PI-LL) and clinical parameters (p > 0.05 and r <0.2). Significant correlation were identified only between Sagittal Vertical Axis (SVA) and Satisfaction with Treatment domain of SRS-30 (r = 0.402 e p = 0.023) and between thoracic kyphosis (TK) and the total SRS-30 (r = 0.419 and p = 0.017). Conclusions: According to the study results, it was not possible to precisely characterize the role of the parameters of the sagittal and spinopelvic balance in the post-operative analysis of the clinical outcome of spinal fusion. There was a significant correlation only between SVA and the Satisfaction with Treatment domain of SRS-30 and between TK and total SRS-30.
RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN THE CRANIOCERVICAL JUNCTION IN MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS
Authors: Silva Luís Eduardo Carelli Teixeira da , Barros Alderico Girão Campos de , Cavalcanti Lucas Rocha , Castro Caique Jauhar de , Tavares Renato Henriques , Souza Raphael Teofilo de
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the results after decompression and stabilization of craniocervical junction in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). Method: Retrospective study of 10 patients with MPS through the analysis of medical records and additional tests. Result: All patients with mid-term and long-term follow-up achieved consolidation of the arthrodesis and 87.5% had neurological improvement of Nurick score. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and intervention in cases of stenosis and/or craniocervical instability of patients with MPS provide patients a good recovery of neurological function, despite the great technical difficulty and risk of complications.
RESULTS OF THE USE OF PEEK CAGES IN THE TREATMENT OF BASILAR INVAGINATION BY GOEL TECHNIQUE
Authors: Silva Luís Eduardo Carelli Teixeira da , Barros Alderico Girão Campos de , Castro Caique Jauhar de , Souza Raphael Teofilo de , Azevedo Gustavo Borges Laurindo , Casado Priscila Ladeira
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: Analysis of the use of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages for atlantoaxial facet realignment and distraction for treatment of basilar invagination by Goel technique. Method: Retrospective descriptive statistical analysis of the neurological status, pain, presence of subsidence and bone fusion with the use of PEEK cages in 8 atlantoaxial joints of 4 patients with basilar invagination. All patients were treated with atlantoaxial facet distraction and realignment and subsequent arthrodesis C1-C2 by the technique of Goel modified by the use of PEEK cage. Results: All patients showed improvement in Nurick neurological assessment scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain. There were no cases of subsidence, migration, or damage to the vertebral artery during the insertion of the cage. All joints evolved with bone fusion, assessed by dynamic radiographs, and computed tomography. Two patients developed neuropathic pain in dermatome of C2 and one patient had unilateral vertebral artery injury during C2 instrumentation treated with insertion of pedicle screw to control the bleeding. Conclusion: The results of the treatment of basilar invagination by the Goel technique with the use of PEEK cages shown to be effective and safe although further studies are needed to confirm this use.
TREATMENT OF LUMBAR HERNIAS BY ENDOSCOPIC NUCLEOPLASTY WITH RADIOFREQUENCY
Authors: Alfaro Pachicano Heber Humberto , Ramos Trujillo Alejandro
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the postoperative outcomes of minimally invasive technique for treating lumbar disc herniation in patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic nucleoplasty with radiofrequency in the center of minimally invasive procedures Veracruz (CEMIVER) of the HRAEV.. Methods: A descriptive, comparative, ambispective and longitudinal study. The clinical records of patients who underwent herniated disc surgery were reviewed from March 2010 to March 2015. Inclusion criteria were individuals of both sexes, aged 18-65 years, with disc herniation diagnosis by MRI, evocative discography (pain) and clinical evaluation. The variables were analyzed by VAS, Oswestry disability index for functional assessment and Macnab criteria for modified retrospective cross clinical classification. Results: 161 patients were included, 81 female and 80 male, aged between 18 and 65 years with severe (83.8%) and moderate (16.2%) disability according to the Oswestry disability index; the total of excellent results was 83.8%, 9.5% were good, 4.8% were median and 1.9% were poor results, according to the Macnab criteria; the average time of surgery was 84 minutes per procedure, and the postoperative average bleeding was 65 ml. Of the total, 87.4% of the patients were on an outpatient basis and 7.6% had a short hospital stay.. Conclusion: It was found that percutaneous endoscopic nucleoplasty with radiofrequency technique is a procedure that offers great benefits for patients with lumbar disc herniation, including performing it under local anesthesia, with clear visualization of the surgical field, minimal pain, little bleeding, shorter operative time, does not cause instability of anatomical structures and has minimal rate of complications.
Pineal parenchymal tumors: Case series
Authors: KM Mohiuddin , M Sailaja , SI Rao , MK Panigrahi , KA Reddy , CS Naidu
Published: April 2016

Background: Pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) are uncommon tumors comprising of pineocytoma (PC), pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation (PPTID) and pineoblastoma (PB). Morphological sub typing and histological grading based on mitotic index and neurofilament (NF) immunostaining are the factors affecting the survival of these patients. Treatment strategy and prognosis of PPTIDs remain controversial with limited data available on pathologic features and biologic behavior of PPTID. Case series: We report a series of 8 pineal parenchymal tumors over a period of 5 years with special reference to PPTIDs. The series includes 3 cases of PC, 2 of PPTID and 3 of PB. Patients underwent decompression, microsurgical/ stereotactic/ endoscopic biopsy. Histological features with MIB1 LI (labelling index) and NF immunostaining were studied and showed varied presentation. One case each of PC and PPTID showed ganglion like cells. Both PPTIDs showed 8% and 20% MIB1 LI. All PBs showed brisk mitosis hemorrhage and necrosis except for one case where mitosis was not clearly evident but showed high MIB1 LI (50%). Conclusion: PCs with ganglionic differentiation have an essentially benign course. Ganglionic differentiation in PPTIDs, its impact on the prognosis and as a differentiating factor between PPTID grade II and grade III needs further study. Keywords: Pineocytoma; pineal parenchyma; pineoblastoma; MIB1 LI; neurofilament; synaptophysin
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Authors: G Panduranga , R Lekkala , VC Griddaluru , K Sujatha
Published: April 2016

Primary aldosteronism is caused by autonomous production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex (due to hyperplasia, adenoma, or carcinoma). It is the cause of most common secondary form of arterial hypertension. The most common causes (90%) of primary aldosteronism are aldosterone producing adenomas and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Surgery is the recommended treatment for aldosterone producing adenomas. A 48-year-old woman, known hypertensive, was admitted with severe and refractory hypokalemia, ECG abnormalities and metabolic alkalosis. Serum aldosterone to PRA (plasma renin activity) ratio was high and CT scan of abdomen revealed an adrenal adenoma. She underwent left laparoscopic adrenalectomy and histopathology confirmed the presence of adrenal adenoma. Both hypertension and hypokalemia resolved after surgery. High degree of suspicion is required to recognize this disorder early and to arrange proper diagnostic tests and treatment, to avoid missing curable hypertension Keywords: Hypertension; hypokalemia; primary aldosteronism; Conn’s syndrome
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction – A brief review
Authors: J Patki , S Ravinutala
Published: April 2016

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) can be referred to as a mild but possibly long-lasting altered intellectual function occurring after surgery, which is more common in old age. It may last from a few hours to some months or may be permanent. Up to half of patients, young and old, have POCD within the first week after surgery. Three months later, 10 to 15 percent of patients still have POCD. It's still unknown whether POCD results from some neurotoxic effect of anesthetic agents, or it simply reflects a preexisting cognitive (intellectual) problem in older adults. It has also been suggested that cognitive after-effects of surgery may result from an inflammatory process. The nature of the relationship is unclear; as multiple factors are likely involved. As the exact reasons are still not known, further research is needed to identify the patients and procedures at highest risk of POCD, and what steps can be taken to reduce that risk. Anesthesiologists should play a more active role in screening for reducing cognitive dysfunction before surgery. Keywords: Cognitive dysfunction; general anesthesia; post-operative; opioids; mini mental state examination
Oral contraception- journey so far: A review
Authors: GVVSK Bhushanam , SD Gampa
Published: April 2016

Oral contraceptive is a widely accepted and most effective method of fertility control. It’s use has been growing since 1970s. As per WHO (1998), over 100 million women are using oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) worldwide, mostly in developed countries. In India only 2% of married women of reproductive age were using OCPs for fertility control during the period from 1990 to 2001. The history, evolution and development of oral pills till date is discussed along with the benefits, risks and side effects of oral contraceptive pills. Keywords: oral contraception; fertility control; contraceptive pills
Implementing the National Strategy on Action for Children: 2015 results
Authors: Kaganov V.S.
Published: April 2016

The article consists of two parts: V.Sh.Kaganov’s interview (introduction) and data on the results of 2015 on the key activities in priority areas of the "National Strategy for Action on Children for 2012–2017" 2015 by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The paper describes agency’s activities, federal initiatives, advanced regional experiences and best practices. Special at- tention is given to the availability of inclusive, special education for children with disabilities. Great attention is paid to new approaches and technologies to al- low reinforcing the social protection of orphans and children facing difficulties by including them in a fulfilling life. The article also stated objectives, results and prospects of the development of upbringing and additional education of children, gifted children supporting, promotion of healthy lifestyle, values and professional orientation of Russian youth.
Monitoring the First Phase of the Implementation of the Strategy on Action for Children 2012—2017: Main Outcomes
Authors: Rubtsov V.V. , Shvedovskaya A.A. , Dubovik A.S. , Semya G.V.
Published: April 2016

The article describes the first phase results of the initial actions of the National Strategy for Action on Children 2012–2017, identifies the place and role, the main tasks of monitoring made by Moscow State University of Psychology & Education at the commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation. It is noted that in order to monitor and provide methodological support to the regions of the Russian Federation, Information and Methodical Center on Support of the National Strategy for Action on Children was established. Monitoring includes several stages and it was attended by 86 Russian regions. We present the main content of each stage, the results of expert analysis of monitoring data in key areas and key activities of the National Strategy, best practices and identified problems in the implementa- tion of the National Strategy.
Preventing Social Orphanhood: the Russian Model
Authors: Semya G.V. , Zaitsev G.O. , Zaytseva N.G.
Published: April 2016

The article explains the Russian model of social orphanhood eradicating based on the analysis of the dynamics of the adoption and foster care and social orphanhood prevention, the legislation development and a compari- son with the international experience. The effectiveness of the state policy is depends on focus of the top federal and regional officials, the dynamic legis- lative development, federal financial support and creative accomplishing the tasks of social orphanhood eradicating throughout the country. Author proposes methodology for evaluating the regions performance based on math- ematical models of the continuity equation. The article identifies a number of factors determine the features of the state policy implementation throughout Russia, including ethnic and religious factors, geographical proximity to the international experience, migration flows, climatic conditions, and the health level. It is pointed out that the implementation of the National Strategy for Action on Children plays a key role in forming the Russian model. The main modern challengers are defining the strategy and tactics of the family and foster care of children difficult to place in family, services on interdepartmental basis, and economic crisis, which may lead to an increasing return of children from foster families.
Interdepartmental Occupational Standards for Social Service Providers and Their Role in Improving Job Performance
Authors: Zabrodin Y.M.
Published: April 2016

The paper presents an analysis of the occupational standards development abroad and in Russia. It focuses on interdepartmental occupational standards for social service providers. While creating occupational standards for social services as an integrated industry it is advisable to consider the design of whole system and its macro-level effects in a document called “sectoral qualification framework”. It is pointed out that 1) real professional activity in social sphere has a clear humanitarian focus, and its objects are radically different population groups; 2) the complexity of the social work is often associated with the interaction between various professionals and their activity have to be interdepartmentally organized. The author identifies the factors influencing development and implementation of professional standards in different countries and consider the main strategy directions of development and application of occupational standards of education and social service providers in Russia.
Orphan Children in the Educational Space of Russia (Following a Survey on Regional Guarantees of Educational Opportunities and Support for Orphans at all Levels of Education)
Authors: Oslon V.N.
Published: April 2016

The article analyzes the results of a survey on regional executive government officials in the education as well as teachers and heads of educational institutions of all levels about providing of high quality education guarantees for orphans in accordance with the “National Strategy for Action on Children in the 2012–2017”. Author used eco-dynamic approach, the concept of adaptive education, and the idea of social inclusion – exclusion as the methodological basis of the study. The survey shows that orphan children have special educational needs and require to an adaptive learning system throughout the length of educating. Providing the educational opportunities is associated with objective difficulties such as the lack of adaptive education system and untrained teachers as well as subjective problems (e.g. the social exclusion attitudes of persons responsible for teaching and facilitating the integration, as well as the psychological effects of early maternal deprivation and institutionalization of orphan children). The article describes measures respondents consider necessary for the successful integration of orphan children in a wide educational environment.
Classifying lipoproteins based on their polar profiles.
Authors: Polanco Carlos , Castañón-González Jorge Alberto , Buhse Thomas , Uversky Vladimir N , Amkie Rafael Zonana
Published: April 2016

The lipoproteins are an important group of cargo proteins known for their unique capability to transport lipids. By applying the Polarity index algorithm, which has a metric that only considers the polar profile of the linear sequences of the lipoprotein group, we obtained an analytical and structural differentiation of all the lipoproteins found in UniProt Database. Also, the functional groups of lipoproteins, and particularly of the set of lipoproteins relevant to atherosclerosis, were analyzed with the same method to reveal their structural preference, and the results of Polarity index analysis were verified by an alternate test, the Cumulative Distribution Function algorithm, applied to the same groups of lipoproteins.
Historiographical Elements in the Qumran Writings: A Synopsis of the Textual Evidence
Authors: Vermes Geza
Published: April 2016

The historiographical elements discussed in this study concern: I. the use of the term
Kittim
in the War Scroll, the Book of War and the various biblical commentaries; and II. the use of
Kittim
in ancient Jewish literature outside Qumran. This is followed in III. by an analysis of
Yavan
in the Dead Sea Scrolls; and in IV. by an analysis of the Hebrew, Greek and Latin historical names and the surviving names of members of the Qumran Community. The identified personalities belong to the second and first centuries BCE, and the focal point of the historical perspective is the Roman invasion of Judaea in 63 BCE.