bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Identification of Sintered Carbide Durability in Machining Process of Bearings Steel 100CrMn6
Authors: Panda Anton , Duplák Ján , Jurko Jozef , Behún Marcel
Published: September 2011

Very important cutting tool property is its durability. Durability of cutting tool defines lifetime of this cutting tool and it determines its suitability for select technological operation. Technical science defines a lot of different factors, that they may be cause of shorter cutting tool lifetime. For increase cutting tool durability is necessary maximally possible elimination of these factors. Determination of cutting tool durability is very important, because provides comprehensive information how to determine appropriate technological conditions for selected cutting tool. In engineering is for determination of cutting tools durability used T-vc dependence. The article describes process how to create durability dependence for cutting tools made of sintered carbide by means of T-vc dependence in machining process of steel 100CrMn6.
Fermentation Conditions Optimization of Anti-Tumor Active Metabolites from Marine Penicillium sp. HGQ6
Authors: Lei Guo , Zhu Wen Cheng , Liu Chao
Published: September 2011

The objectives of this study were to optimize fermentation conditons of anti-tumor active metabolites from marine penicillium sp. HGQ6. Based on the inhibition activity against stomach cancer cell BGC823, firstly, the initial medium was screened, then seven factors including peptone, sucrose, K2HPO4, FeSO4, pH, temperature and agitation were investigated by Plackett-Burman design, and the important variables including pH, temperature and K2HPO4 were optimized by using Response surface methodology (RSM). Experimental results showed that the optimum fermentation conditions were peptone 1%, sucrose 3%, K2HPO4 0.06%, FeSO4 0.001%, pH6.41, temperature 35°C and agitation 180 r·min-1. Under these optimal conditions, the actual inhibition ratio achieved 90.4%, which agreed with the predicted values. This indicated the good feasibility of Plackett-Burman design and RSM in the optimization of fermentation conditions for production of anti-tumor active substances from stain HGQ6.
The Study of Apoptosis Induced by Allicin in HT-9/HL-60 and its Transfection Cell
Authors: Shao Shu Li , Zhang Wei Wei , Li Xu Yan , Yun Dong Ze , Zhang Yu
Published: September 2011

To detect the effect of reverse in transfected cells by allicin treated. Two different short hairpin RNAs were designed and constructed in a pSilencer 3.1-H1 neo plasmid. The shRNA recombinant plasmids were transfected into HT9 leukemia cells. Flow cytometry was used to select the stably transfected sells. The cell viability of the cells was assessed using MTT assay, flow cytometry was used to monitor cell cycle and apoptosis. Inverted fluorescence microscope and trasmission electron microscope were used to examine the cytomorphology and ultrastructural changes of cells. The results indicated that compared with HT9 cells, HT9-3.1-2 cells, HT9 cells transfected with shRNA recombinant plasmids, had lower cell viability and higher levels of apoptosis after treated with allicin. The characteristic features of apoptosis were more significantly. The results indicate that allicin can induce cell apoptosis of HT9 and HT9-3.1-2 cells, and after stable transfection with the shRNA vectors, the multidrug resistance in HT9 cells was partly reversed.
The Performance and Material Selection of Medical Ultrasonic Transducer
Authors: Geng Jie , Li Quan Lu , Wu Jing , Yang Qing Qing , Chen Hai Xia
Published: September 2011

With the accelerating pace of mordern medicine, the various transducers that applicat in clinical diagnosis are also more and more, most medical ultrasonic transducer using acoustoelectric transducer to emiting and receiving of ultrasonic wave. However, the selection of transducer’s material is very important to the performance of medical ultrasonic transducer. This paper describes structures and properties of the medical ultrasonic transducer, and a variety of quantitative indicators that influence its performance. Aim to work out the most appropriate material for making the medical ultrasonic transducer.
Study on Mechanism of Polishing Sapphire Crystal by Laser
Authors: Luo Yongan
Published: September 2011

Single sapphire crystal is an important optical element and semiconductor substrate material, widely used in industry, national defense and scientific research, etc. But, high hardness and good chemical stability of the sapphire make it hard to be polished by applying mechanical chemical polishing and other contact methods. Therefore, laser polishing will be one of polishing methods which are supposed to replace contact method polishing sapphire. This essay, based on the summary of the study on laser polishing mechanism and technique of processing sapphire by laser, from the perspective of the interaction mechanism of the laser and the substance, analyzes in theory the interaction of laser and sapphire during the sapphire is polished by the short-wavelength laser. Experiments proved that under the cases of 20mJ and 40mJ laser energy when green laser polishes sapphire, the main material removal mechanism is fracture, at the same time, light melt mechanism exists.
Fast Content Based Color Image Retrieval System Based on Texture Analysis of Edge Map
Authors: Salehian Hesamoddin , Zamani Fatemeh , Jamzad Mansour
Published: September 2011

In this paper we propose a method for CBIR based on the combination of texture, edge map and color. As texture of edges yields important information about the images, we utilized an adaptive edge detector that produces a binary edge image. Also, using the statistics of color in two different color spaces provides complementary information to retrieve images. Our method is time efficient since we have applied texture calculations on the binary edge image. Our experimental results showed both the higher accuracy and lower time complexity of our method with similar related works using SIMPLIcity database.
The Carbon Fiber Composite Materials Application in Sports Equipment
Authors: Sun Li Na , Deng Zhen
Published: September 2011

This paper introduces the carbon fiber and carbon fiber reinforced material performance, and expounds the molding process and introduces the current carbon fiber composite application in sports equipment.
Research on Microbial Degradation of Corn Stalk
Authors: Yang Yu Hong
Published: September 2011

Microbial degradation of crop stalk is essentially biochemical processes that microbe and cellulose produced by microbe degrade crop stalk, the reaction has the characteristics of mild reaction conditions, little or no by-product. The degradation transformation process of crop stalk involves many complex chemical and biochemical processes, these bacteria play a key role in transformation process. This paper studied the ferment conditions and process of corn stalk, determined chemical composition before and after degradation and analyzed changes condition. Both degradation rate and the high and low enzyme show the best strain to degrade is Viride 9782, followed by Aspergillum Niger 9532.
The Channel Bending Forming Process of Ti-6Al-4V Blank Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Li Jian , Xue Feng , Deng Xue Liang
Published: September 2011

According to the actual work conditions, 3D FE model of channel bending forming is established on the platform of eat/DYNAFORM. Belytschko-Tsay (element # 2) in the cell library unit of eta/DYNAFORM is selected, and the geometric model is reasonably meshed by using topological mesh technology. In order to improve the accuracy, adaptive function is adopted. We established the proper material constitutive model for Ti-6Al-4V; gave a reasonable load curve by reasonable calculating and adjusting the loading time step in solving process; chose reasonable lubricant, provided practical coefficient of friction between the mould and blank in the simulation process by using the contact theory and classic coulomb friction law. Finally, we established the finite element model of the channel bending forming of Ti-6Al-4V actually, provided supplementary support for actual production.
Techanics Experiment Study on PcBN Cutting Tool Dry Turning Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI 304
Authors: Jia Yun Hai
Published: September 2011

High deformation hardening, low thermal conductivity, high built-up edge tendency of austenitic stainless steels were the main factors that make their machinablity difficult. For determination of the suitable cutting parameters in machining austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 by PcBN cutting tools, the samples which were prepared to be used in the experiment, 300 mm in length and 60 mm in diameter, were dry machined in a numerical control lathe. During experiments, dry turning parameters, such as feed rate, cutting speed and cut depth were investigated. The suitable cutting speed and feed rate were determined according to workpieces surface roughness, cutting tools flank wear. Finally, cutting speed of 180 to 200 m/min, feed rate of 0.05 to 0.06 mm/rev and cut depth of 0.10 mm gave the satisfied results.
Mechanical Properties and Wear Behavior of Brake Pads Produced from Palm Slag
Authors: Ghazali Che Mohd Ruzaidi , Kamarudin H. , Shamsul J. B. , Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri , Rafiza A.R.
Published: September 2011

Brake pads are important safety devices in vehicles. An effort to avoid the use of asbestos in brake pads has led to the development of asbestos-free brake pads that incorporate various organic and inorganic fillers. Palm slag as a filler in brake pads was investigated in this paper. Different processing pressures were employed during production of samples through compression molding. The properties examined included hardness, compressive strength, and wear behavior. The results showed that brake pad samples prepared with 60 tons of compression pressure resulted in the most desirable properties. Hence, palm slag has its own potential for use as a filler in asbestos-free brake pads.
The Research and Application of Clothing Dynamic Mannequin
Authors: Zhang Jian Xing
Published: September 2011

This paper, according to the movement principle of clothing dynamic mannequin, discusses the research and development of the clothing dynamic mannequin. This paper, particularly, does the research on spherical joints technology application in clothing mannequin, in order to give clothing industry relevant dynamic mannequin technology as reference.
Research on Mechanical Wrench Tool Innovative Design Method
Authors: Chen Xiao Ping , Rong Jin , Hu Ru Fu
Published: September 2011

Machinery industry changes with each passing day, asking for the more and more importance of the machinery industry performance. The innovative design needs to be used to tools designing for improving the work more efficiency. Take the wrench product designing as an example, this article analyzes the issue of the mechanical products innovation, applies the theories of innovation to a manual wrench innovative design and puts forward the thought of the wrench innovative design scheme, principles and the design process. In the end, the design scheme is evaluated, which indicates that the innovative design approach can be applied to a manual wrench design.
Design of Double T-Shape Accelerometer Based on MEMS
Authors: Zhang Guo Jun , Xu Jiao , Li Jun , Wang Xiao Yao , Zhang Wen Dong
Published: September 2011

A novel structure is proposed to design accelerometer, that is, two parallel cantilever beams are selected instead of single-beam, which would effectively improve accelerometer’s sensitivity. The novel structure can be integrated fabricated, which is suit for lot manufacturing. The characteristic parameters of the microstructure are analyzed by ANSYS. It can be concluded that the sensitivity is, anti-overload capacity is 1e5g, measuring range is±20g.The microstructure is manufactured by means of the silicon-on-insulator craft and the thickness of the beam is 20 um, the length is 3500 um. The test results show that the resonance frequency is 1840Hz, which is consistent with the results of the calculation and simulation.
Analysis of Finite Volume of Forging Process of Connecting Rod
Authors: Maarefdoust Reyhaneh , Maarefdoust Mahdi
Published: September 2011

Forging is a process of forming metals which leads to the deforming of work piece through its pressing. Shape and the number of pre-forms are the most significant issues in designing the process of closed die forging. The criteria for producing the pre-forms are creating a faultless die, fully the die completely, and homogenous deformation. In this study simulation in the designing the forging process of connecting rod via Pro/Engineer software and optimization of pre-form die and its analysis through the use of SuperForge software were investigated. Concerning the results, the simulation forging of connecting rod, power and energy of each phase and the effects of other significant factors such as temperature can be explored.
Cutter Path Optimization during High-Speed Machining of Numerical Control
Authors: Gao Yong Xiang
Published: September 2011

During the high-speed machining, cutter path of numerical control needs to satisfy the following requirements. There has no colliding among work pieces, fixtures and so on. The cutter path variation cannot too dramatically and the vibration should in the controlled area during the process. Feed speed can modify with path curvature variation and cutting depth need to be equality. This article will analyze and research in the mode of cutter advanced and retreats, cutter movement mode, cutter feed mode and cutter path of corner treatment during the high-speed process programming that could effective optimize cutter path, process efficiency and quality.
Study on Dynamic Bifurcation of the Hindmarsh-Rose Neuron under Parameters’ Changing
Authors: Peng Yue Ping
Published: September 2011

In the thesis, the dynamic bifurcation characteristics of the Hindmarsh-Rose neuron are analyzed and discussed by the neurodynamic theory and methods. Under the stimulation of the current, the neuron’s discharge pattern changes from the resting state to the tonic firing, which needs the current’s amplitude reaching a certain value. Moreover the stimulation strength threshold has something to do with the parameter r of the neuron. When the stimulation current increases gradually, the general trend of the membrane potential’s ISI is the gradual decrease(The discharge frequency of the neuron increases gradually). The discharge patterns of the neuron are changed, and the neuron undergoes the process of dynamic bifurcation. This bifurcation process of the neuron has something to do with the parameter r. and different parameter r causes different bifurcation. Under a certain current’s stimulation, the HR neuron has plenty of discharge patterns with the parameter r’s changing. From the view of neurodynamics, the discharge patterns of the HR neuron are changed, in substance, the HR neuron undergoes dynamic bifurcation process. Therefore, The HR neuron’s discharge patterns can be adjusted and controlled by the stimulation current I and the parameter r. This investigation is helpful to know and investigate deeply the dynamic characteristics and the bifurcation mechanism of the HR neuron; and it provides a certain theory assist to investigate many neurons’ synchronization and the neural network’s synchronization.
Study on Dynamic Characteristics of the Hippocampal Neuron under Current Stimulation
Authors: Peng Yue Ping
Published: September 2011

The hippocampal CA1 pyramid neuron has plenty of discharge actions. In the thesis, the dynamic characteristics of the hippocampal neuron model are analyzed and discussed by the neurodynamic theory and methods. Under the current stimulation, the hippocampal CA1 pyramid neuron has plenty of discharge patterns, and can generate many discharge patterns such as period, the chaos, and so on. Under the stimulation current amplitude unchanging, the dynamic characteristics of the hippocampal neuron have something to do with not only the current’s stimulation amplitude, but also the stimulation time’s length, which isn’t the same with common neurons such as the Hindmarsh-Rose neuron. When the stimulation amplitude increases gradually or the stimulation time prolongs, The neuron model’s ISI gradually drops off, whose changing trend approximates to an exponential function, that is to say, the discharge frequency gets quicker and quicker. In addition, the hippocampal CA1 pyramid neuron model has class II neural excitability. This investigation is helpful to know and investigate deeply the dynamic characteristics and the bifurcation mechanism of the hippocampal neuron; and it provides a certain theory assist to investigate the neural diseases such as the Alzheimer disease by neurodynamics.
Reconfigurable Manufacturing Resource Modeling Technology
Authors: Zheng Bei Rong , Xue Wei , Xie Xiao Wen
Published: September 2011

How to model reconfigurable resources, how to make manufacturing resources to rapidly form into new production functions and capability is an unsolved problem. Based on current manufacturing resource knowledge representation, in the paper, manufacturing resource ontology modeling method is presented which has considered characteristics of reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS), configuration changeable and system adjustable. Furthermore, resource description ontology is defined and example model is also presented; after formalize the concepts, attributes and relations of ontology, the knowledge base including ontology base, attribute base and relation base are constructed. The method proposed can provide strong support for reconfiguration and deformation of RMS.
The Research of United Scheduling and Coordination in Three-Layer Supply Chain Model
Authors: Zhang He Ping
Published: September 2011

With the rapid development of the global economy, more and more enterprises emphasize on the coordination with the partners to improve the supply chain competitive capability. This paper focuses on the united scheduling of the three-layer supply chain and the coordination mechanisms of agile supply chain. The objective is to minimize the total transportation cost and improve the customer’s service level, which is achieved by scheduling the jobs and delivering them to the next stage in batches. Based on the features of the optimal scheduling, a dynamic programming algorithm is proposed.
A New Calibration Method for FLCs in the M-K Frame-Work
Authors: Ghazanfari Amir , Assempour Ahmad
Published: September 2011

The main drawback of the method proposed by Marciniak and Kuczynski for prediction of the limit strains in sheet metal forming processes is requirement of an experimental point of the forming limit curve (FLC) in order to calibrate the curve. The purpose of this work is to introduce a new method to calibrate the FLC using the M-K model in which no experimental data is needed. To achieve this goal, many experimental FLCs were collected from the literature and the values of the initial inhomogeneity factors were determined for them with trial and error aproach. Using these data, an empirical law was developed to predict the value of inhomogeneity factor. The resultant curves show good agreement with the experiments.
Numerical Analysis on the Key Technology in Extrusion Tapping of Internal Thread
Authors: Li Yong Yi , Zhao Sheng Dun
Published: September 2011

This paper introduces the principle and characteristic of extrusion tapping of internal thread, presents the simplified mechanical model of extrusion tapping firstly. Then generalizes the key technology of extrusion tapping and their influencing law on tapping torque and thread forming quality, such as extrusion tap type, lead hole diameter, tapping speed and friction. Finally, numerical analysis on the key technology of extrusion tapping are conducted based on DEFORM-3D, the results show that the effect of lead hole diameter and friction on tapping torque are obvious, the effect of extrusion tap type and tapping speed on tapping torque are next and this effect degree is related to the stress-strain relation of workpiece material under different strain-rate closely. These researches will contribute to the right selection of workpiece material, extrusion tap type, lead hole diameter, tapping speed and lubrication of extrusion tapping of internal thread in practical manufacture.
Thick Hydroxyapatite Coating on Ti-6Al-4V through Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Jafari Sajjad , Taheri Mohammad Mahdi , Idris Jamaliah
Published: September 2011

Hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) powder along with other additives such as P2O5, Na2Co3 and KH2PO4are used for biocompatible coating of Ti-6Al-4V through sol-gel method. An in-house dip coating machine was developed to control dipping and withdrawal rates of the substrate. After passivating of the samples in nitric acid, coating of HA gel was performed followed by sintering in a vacuum furnace. Characterization of the coating layer was evaluated by the XRD and SEM. Imagej software was used for analysis of the data. It was found that increasing the sintering temperature decreases the pore size, resulting in a denser structure of hydroxyapatite and decrease in surface roughness of the coating. High sintering temperatures produced cracked surface of HA due to the α to β transition temperature of Ti and its alloys. HA with coating thickness of about 100 µm free cracks was obtained for sintering temperatures lower than 800 °C.
Exact Outage Probability Analysis for Selection Decode-and-Forward Cooperation Systems
Authors: Zou Yu Long , Yao Yu Dong
Published: September 2011

In this paper, we present a selection decode-and- forward (S-DF) cooperation scheme where only the “best” relay, which is selected as the one who can decode correctly its received signal from source node and can achieve the highest instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the destination, participates in relaying the source’s signal. We derive a novel exact closed-form expression of outage probability for the S-DF scheme over Rayleigh fading channels, based on which an asymptotic outage analysis is further presented in high SNR regime, showing that given M potential relays, M+1 diversity order is achieved by source node. Consequently, the proposed S-DF scheme with the best relay selection can achieve the full diversity at the expense of just two channels only regardless of the number of candidate relays.
Analog Codes for Gross Error Correction in Signal Transmission
Authors: Hu Fang Ning , Henkel Werner , Zhao Ming Jie
Published: September 2011

We proposed a novel decoding algorithm for Analog Codes (Reed-Solomon Codes over complex numbers), the syndrome repairing (SR) algorithm, for gross error correction in signal transmission. Simulations show that, if the number of gross errors is not too large and the amplitude of background noise is small enough (compared to the amplitude of gross errors), the SR algorithm recovers the original signal with nearly the same accuracy as if no gross errors occur upon transmission. In particular, if the transmission is background-noise-free, then the recovery is exact.
Image Retrieval Based on Shape Feature and Color Feature
Authors: Liu Jun Ling , Zhao Hong Wei , Zhao Hao Yu , Chen Chong Xu
Published: September 2011

Study the retrieval algorithm based on shape feature and based on color features of image retrieval, to improve the accuracy of image retrieval, and to get results consisting with the shape feature and color feature ,this paper proposed new algorithm comprehensivly utilizing the two search algorithms. Through the image retrieval results show, new algorithm obtain results better than two algorithms, and can improve the retrieval precision.
A Novel Time Synchronization Method for Multiple Moving Platforms Cooperation Tracking System
Authors: Hu Xu Feng , Xiao Shan Zhu , Lu Huan Zhang
Published: September 2011

For a cooperation imaging tracking system consisting of multiple moving platforms, time synchronization among these platforms was a critical demand. Based on the study of the hardware time model, the software Scheduling model, and data interaction & fusion process, a novel time synchronization method modified from RBS protocol was proposed. In the proposed method, firstly each platform used hardware to count the accurate sending period of the centre fusion node. Then the time error was extracted in each platform locally. Finally the extracted time error was used in the software time model to accomplish the time synchronization. The implementation structure and the precision of the proposed synchronization method were given in the paper.
Study on Equipment Failure Diagnosis Based on Expert System
Authors: Lu Ming
Published: September 2011

CNC machine tools, it is not only in aerospace, manufacturing, military and other fields are widely used, but also into cars, machine tools and other civilian machinery manufacturing industry. But the maintenance of CNC machine tools has become increasingly difficult to fault with the gradual application. This expert system using a series of advantages, designed a set of CNC machine tools based on expert system diagnosis system, in order to failure in the machine tools can be a quick diagnosis and repair. In the paper, elaborated on the principles of diagnosis system of CNC machine tools, given the specific design, in the final establishment of a specific experimental model.
Design of Fuzzy PID Compound Control for Ultrasonic Motor Based on DDS Technology
Authors: Zheng Chun Jiao
Published: September 2011

Driving and control are key techniques to improving performance and application of ultrasonic motor. Based on ultrasonic motor’s special structure and principle in this paper, considering the issue that modulating frequency is not widely to traditional motor’s power, it is introduced to a digital power supply based on DDS technology; considering the difficulty that ultrasonic motor’s model can not be created precisely, a fuzzy PID compound controller is designed. Simulation results show that the DDS power supply is reliable, whose frequency can be modulated easily. Fuzzy PID compound controller has summed up advantages of fuzzy and PID, which is suitable for speed and position control of ultrasonic motor.
Preparation of CoFe2O4 Nanocrystallite by Sol-Gel Combustion Synthesis and Evaluation of its Reaction Performance
Authors: Wang Bao Wen , Gao Chuan Chang , Zhao Hai Bo , Zheng Chu Guang
Published: September 2011

Sol-gel combustion synthesis method was adopted to prepare nano-sized CoFe2O4 using urea as fuel. The as-synthesized CoFe2O4 powders were characterized through such experimental means as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), TG (thermogravimetric)–DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-scanning electron microscopy (FSEM). FTIR analysis and XRD analysis revealed that the dried CoFe2O4 gel was formed by the coordination of metal with O, and consisted of various phases through the hydrolysis of urea and metal nitrates along with the coordination of the various groups produced. And then, TG-DSC analysis of the dried CoFe2O4 gel under air atmosphere indicated that there are two remarkable exothermic reactions occurring, related to the redox reactions between urea and nitrates used, and as-synthesized CoFe2O4 was porous due to the emission of large amount of gases during preparation. Finally, three cycles of temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) coupled with temperature-programmed oxidization (TPO) tests were conducted on the AutoChem 2920 system to show the good reaction and sintering-resistance performance for the synthesized CoFe2O4.
Network Resources Planning System for Manufacturing Cluster Based on Service-Oriented Architecture and Bill of Hierarchies
Authors: Zuo Xiao Ming
Published: September 2011

Based on the changeability, dynamic and reconfiguration of network collaborative activity in cluster, the frame of network resource planning in cluster based on bill of hierarchies and service-oriented architecture is eatabilished in this paper, which provides the distributed share of network resource in cluster.
Design and Implementation of SNMP-Based Web Network Management System
Authors: Zhang Wei Wei , Chen Sui Yang
Published: September 2011

With the rapid development of computer network, the network architecture is increasingly complicated; the scale of network extends continuously. Therefore, the functions and positions of the network management are also more and more important. The Web-Based network management, making users manage the network and system expediently and simply, combining Web technology and modern distributed network management technology, which can also be updated and customized easily to meet the different needs, is an important direction of the development of the network management technology in the future. This paper proposes an a SNMP-based Web network management system using B/S structure, which has features of flexible structure, easily extensible, user-friendly features and so on.
A Watermark Preprocessing Algorithm Based on Arnold Transformation and Logistic Chaotic Map
Authors: Fang Wang Sheng , Wu Lu Lu , Zhang Rong
Published: September 2011

One of the main purpose of the watermark preprocessing is to improve the robustness and security. For this reason,this paper presents an image encryption algorithm, which combines position scrambling and gray scrambling scrambled according to Arnold transform.Then all of the pixels of each sub-block are scambled by the algorithm based on Logistic chaotic map.Finally, all of the Pixels are redistributed and scrambled totally.Basing on image location scrambling,it takes advantage of multi-dimensional Arnold transformation and Logistic chaotic map, image gray scrambling is achieved. By histogram analysis,key sensitivity anslysis and correlation analysis of adjacent pixels of the results of the simulation, indicating that the scrambling effect of the algorithm is good,and the key space is large.
Fast Background Subtraction Based on GPU
Authors: Han Jian Ping , Li Xiao Yang , Zhang Da Xing , Geng Bo Ting
Published: September 2011

In this paper, a fast background subtraction algorithm using codebook model is presented to extract moving objects from surveillance videos. The time for stopped objects being absorbed into the background can be controlled to deal with different applications and have nothing to do with the complexity of the scene. We implement the algorithm on GPU using CUDA, and optimize the implementation using pinned memory and asynchronous execution techniques. Experimental results are provided to demonstrate the accuracy, effectiveness, and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Multiple Watermarks Embedding Simultaneously to Identify Image Status Based on Fractional Fourier Transform
Authors: Liu Li , Tan Ji Chun
Published: September 2011

A new method of multiple watermarks embedding simultaneously to identify image status based on once and twice discrete fractional Fourier transform (DFRT) is presented. Random series watermark, chirp watermark and annotation watermark are embedded simultaneously in fractional Fourier transform domain to identify digital tamper detection, scanning detection, duplicate detection. According to the extracting situation of three kinds of watermarks from an image and the twice DFRT amplitude spectrum, we can know whether the image is tampered, scanned or duplicated. It provides a convenient way to identify the status of the image and will be an all-sided and comprehensive anti-counterfeiting technology.
Improved Algorithm for Sub-Pixel Edge Detection Based on Zernike Moments
Authors: Zhao Bao Yong , Qi Ying Jian
Published: September 2011

The principle of Zernike moments and the method of sub-pixel edge detection based on Zernike moments were introduced in this paper. With the consideration of the limitation of the sub-pixel edge detection algorithm by Ghosal, such as the lower location precision of the edge and the extracted wider edge than that of the original image, an improved algorithm was proposed. On the one hand, a mask of size nine multiply nine was calculated and could be applied for the edge detection. On the other hand, a new criterion for edge detection was put forward. Additionally, a series of experiments were designed and implemented. The experiment results show that accuracy of the improved algorithm is higher than that obtained from using other size templates and Ghosal algorithm.
Determination of the Box-Counting Fractal Dimension of Pore Distribution in Eggshell Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy Image Analysis
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Shu Cai
Published: September 2011

The fractal characteristics of pore structures were investigated using duck eggshells as an object of study. The images of the sharp end, the equator and the blunt end of the eggshells were acquired by using scanning electronic microscope. The image processing operations were conducted for the preprocessing and the image converted into binary image. Then we developed programs based on the principle of changing megascopic degree and applied them to plot the lgN(δ)~lg(δ).The relationship between lgN(δ)and lg(δ)maintained linearity over a range [2,64] pixels. Therefore, the fractal dimensions of pore distributions were obtained from the negative slope by regression analysis. The experimental results showed that the fractal feature of the pore in eggshells was remarkable. The analysis confirmed that the blunt end of the eggshell in the pore distributions was more obvious than the sharp end and the equator.
Research on the Automatic Ammeter Reading System and Its Application on the Intelligent Ecological Community Project
Authors: Chao Yang
Published: September 2011

The Ultimate goal of property management in intelligent community lies in how to provide efficient and swift service with high quality. With the development of Science and Technology, Automatic Ammeter Reading System (RAARS) has made great improvement on Stability, accuracy and intelligence. The system with Automatic Ammeter for remote Reading is connected to property management center through Acquisition memory attached on the Bus using advanced sensing, electronics technologies based on traditional Mechanical instruments. As a result, managers can get the meter readings of central air conditioning, water, electricity, and gas of users from computer automatically which greatly decrease the labor force of workers and improve the management of property managing department.
Dynamic Study of Unseating Prevention Devices under Earthquake
Authors: Fang Lei , Zhang Yu Min , Sun Yuan Yuan
Published: September 2011

Unseating prevention devices(UPD) are used to prevent relative great displacement between supper-structure and sub-structure, and to protect the super-structure falling down from piers as the support loss capacity. Unseating prevention devices are the ultimate security installment in the collapse-proof system when the highway bridges encounter rare earthquake or unexpected earthquake. Based on the relational design standards at home and abroad, the paper is emphasis on the time-history analysis for structure with cable-unseating prevention devices under rare earthquake. The analysis results obtained show that the collapse-proof effectiveness of unseating prevention devices and the variation law of collapse-proof changing with cable length and design displacement value. What’s more, under rare seismic, the rational unseating prevention devices can ensure the ultimate security of the structure, increase the integrity and anti-pushing rigidity of the structure, and make the seismic load to be well-distributed among the piers. As a result, the unseating prevention devices can effectively avoid girder falling in strong seismic, achieving no collapsing in strong seismic.
Transformation of the Glyph Curve in Map Publishing
Authors: Guo Xin Cheng , Tang Xiao Yan , Song Zi Hui , Gao Feng Li
Published: September 2011

In the case of complete information, it is of great significance that use cubic Bezier curves which used as primitive form standard in graphic system to express the spatial data for data processing and transmission. In the text fonts of map, it is customary to use straight lines and the set of quadratic Bezier curves to describe the glyph outlines,but it is inconvenient in the process because the quadratic Bezier curves are non-standard curves. Based on this situation, in this paper,it is proposed the method of quadratic curves fitting using cubic Bezier curves and derive corresponding computing formula. The method is that remove the characters glyph outlines which are described by curve edges from the font and fit the curve edges with quadratic Bezier curves, finally the curve edges are fitted by cubic Bezier curves segment by segment. Through the result of the experiment, it proves that the differences between fitted cubic Bezier curves and quadratic Bezier curves to be fitted are small. The text graphics curves expressed by the method represent the geographical features effectively and provide an effective way of the transformation from font text to the map text.
Corrosion Behaviors of B10 under the Combination Action of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria and V.Natriegens
Authors: Gu Cai Xiang , Du Xing Hua , Li Wei , Zhu Guan Jun
Published: September 2011

Polarization curves, corrosion potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were adopted in order to investigate the corrosion behaviors of B10 under the combination action of anaerobic SRB and facultative anaerobic V.natriegens. The characteristics and mechanisms of microbial corrosion action in sea water were analyzed in this paper. The results show that the existence of marine microorganisms accelerates the corrosion process of B10; SRB in the mixed microbe medium plays a leading role; the combined action of SRB and V.natriegens influences the matrix surface reunion phenomenon seriously and prone to pitting corrosion. Furthermore, this investigation indicates that the affectability of microbial corrosion of the base metal can be shown as follows: SRB > Mixed bacteria > V.natriegens > Sterile.
Expression and Inhibition Analysis of Recombinant Protease Inhibitor of Solamum Americanum in E. Coli
Authors: Wang Zhen Yu , Li Jia , Li Min Zhe , Zhang Tong Cun
Published: September 2011

SaPIN2a, the proteinase inhibitor of nightshade (Solanum americanum), has been proposed to regulate proteolysis in phloem development. In this study, we expressed and characterized recombinant SaPIN2a in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant SaPIN2a (rSaPIN2a) had a strong inhibitory effect on serine proteinase chymotrypsin (IC50 36.1 nmol/L), but its inhibitory activities toward trypsin (IC50 398.6 nmol/L) and especially toward subtilisin (IC50 5004 nmol/L) were low. It did not inhibit cysteine proteinase papain and aspartic proteinase cathepsin D. rSaPIN2a was a competitive inhibitor of trypsin, and a noncompetitive inhibitor of chymotrypsin and subtilisin.
Water Quality and Growth Simulation of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus, in a Recirculating Aquaculture System Combined with Subsurface Flow Wetland
Authors: Yu Tao , Zhong Fei , Xu Dong , Zhou Qiao Hong , Liang Wei , He Feng , Wu Zhen Bin
Published: September 2011

Purifying efficiency and culture performance in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) combined with subsurface flow wetland (SFW) were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the wetland effectively removed total suspended solids (78.6%), chemical oxygen demand (49.2%), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (70.4%), total ammonia (53.7%) and nitrite (64.7%) from the aquaculture effluents at a hydraulic loading rate of 344 mm/d. The channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) with initial length of 18.97±2.92 cm were reared for 223 days in three recycling ponds at different stocking densities (0.055, 0.109, and 0.164 kg/m3) and a control pond at stocking density 0.055 kg/m3. Fish were fed to satiation twice daily with a commercial diet and the amount fed was measured to determine feed efficiency (FE). In the recycling ponds, fish growth appeared to be negatively correlated with stocking density, in which total weight gain of fish ranged from 374.9% to 886.7%. Fish in the control pond had low survival rate (61.1%) and total weight gain (465.2%), comparing with the recycling pond which had same stocking density (0.055 kg/m3). Feed efficiency (0.34) of the control pond was also significantly lower than that of the 0.055 kg/m3 treatment (0.96). A logistic model of was employed to simulate the growth of channel catfish. The estimated parameters and predicted results showed that the growth rate of channel catfish reared in recycling pond is significantly higher than that in static pond.
Early-Phase Detection of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp27 and Hsp40) in Extruded Earthworm Tissue after Dermal Exposure to Herbicides
Authors: Liu Chang E , Duan Chang Qun , Liu Fei , Peng Xing
Published: September 2011

Samples on a regular basis, and the use of SDSPAGE and Western Blotting methods was inspected to express situation in the induction of heat shock protein (both Hsp27 and Hsp40) of the body tissue of earthworms (Eisenia foetide) exposed in the soil by respectively adding Atrazine, Chlorotoluron; Acetochlor, Butachlor. According to the gel imaging system for gray-scale scanner, with the increase of the concentration of herbicides, the relative expression of both Hsps showed the phenomenon of induction in low concentration and suppression in high concentrations within the range of tested concentration. With the extension of the processing time, both Hsps were first induced suppression of the general trend and there was good exposure time – coercing effect relationship. The relative expression of HSP27 and HSP40 exposed by Atrazine, Chlorotoluron, Acetochlor and Butachlor were 2.21, 1.98, 2.06, 2.11 times and 2.32, 1.99, 2.15, 2.24 times of the control group. The sensitive ability of the organization of HSP27 and HSP40 to four herbicides was in the order of Atrazine > Butachlor > Acetochlor > Chlorotoluron. The relative expression of Hsp40 slightly was a little bit larger than Hsp27.
Biomass Allocation and Heavy Metal Distribution in Different Varieties of Maize (Zea Mays L.) under Lead and Cadmium Applications
Authors: Fu Deng Gao , Song Chun Jing , Duan Chang Qun , Liu Cheng Tao , Liu Li Na
Published: September 2011

The effects of low non-lethal levels of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) on biomass allocation, relationship between vegetative biomass and reproductive biomass, and heavy metal distributions in plant were investigated for three varieties of maize (Zea mays L.). Results showed that significant two-way interactions between variety and heavy-metal application were the main source of variation of biomass allocation. Different levels of Pb and Cd applications did not cause relatively more biomass to be allocated reproductive biomass in three varieties, indicating that heavy-metal applications did not change the reproductive allometry. Although the concentrations of Pb and Cd in grains were lower than other organs, Pb and Cd concentrations of grains under higher heavy-metal treatments exceeded the national guidance limit for three varieties of maize, suggesting heavy metal pollution may pose risks to human health.
Volatile Molecules from Acidified Mung Bean Soup Led to Stable Dopamine Level in Drosophila Brain under Starvation Stress
Authors: Hu Liang Bin , Liu Ben Guo , Zhang Yuan , Wang Miao Yan
Published: September 2011

The mung bean is popular in the Orient for use in cakes and soups and as bean sprouts. In our research, it was found that aromatic flavor could be generated when the mung bean soup was acidified to pH 1.5 close to the acidic value of stomach. GC-MS analysis was performed to identify these molecules associated with aromatic flavor. The results showed molecules including 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1, 1, 6-trimethyl-Naphthalene and 2-ethyl-N-(2 ethylhexyl)-1- Hexanamine were merely produced by acidified mung bean soup, which could probably involve in the generation of aromatic flavor. In addition, studies also showed that volatile molecules from acidified mung bean soup could keep the DA level in the Drosophila brain stable under starvation stress.
Isolation and Identification of the Main Pathogenic Fungi from Postharvest Hami Melon in Later Period of Storage
Authors: Chen Cun Kun , Wang Wen Sheng , Ning Jia , Gao Yuan Hui
Published: September 2011

In order to investigate the reasons for the occurrence of melon disease, according to Koch’s postulates, the pathogenic fungi which caused the disease of postharvest melon“86-1”has been isolated and three kinds of bacterial strain has been identified. By identifying the pathogenicity, results revealed that they are Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp.. They are the major pathogenic fungi which caused the decay of the postharvest Hami melon.
Classification, Substrate Specificity and Application of α-Galactosidases
Authors: Li Su Hong , Zhu Min Peng , Li Tuo Ping
Published: September 2011

Galactose is found in many oligosaccharides, galactomannans, glycoproteins and glycolipids, which are widely distributed in plants microorganisms and animals. α-Galactosidase (α-Gal) catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,6-linked α-galactosyl residues and transgalactosylation. α-Gals are classified into four glycoside hydrolases families (GH): 4, 27, 36 and 57. The majority of known α-Gals belongs to GH families 27 and 36.α-Gals are of particular interest in view of their biotechnological applications.
Design and Preparation of 1H-3, 4-Dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a] Pyrazin-1-One via 1H-3,4-Dihydropyrrolo[1,2-C] [1,4] Oxazin-1-One Route
Authors: Guo Yong En , Niu Xiao Guang , Zhou Cai Ju , Chu Jie , Xu Wei Wei , Fang Guo Zhen
Published: September 2011

With 2-pyrrolyltrichloroacetone as major starting material, unreported 1H-3,4-dihydropyrrolo- [1,2-a]pyrazin-1-one was prepared successively by its monoesterification with ethylene glycol, bromine displacement of hydroxy group, cyclization to lactone and its amidation. Unreported 7-aroyl-1H-3,4-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-c][1,4]oxazin-1-one compounds were also synthesized in turn by 2-pyrrolyl-trichloroacetone’s Friedel-Crafts acylation and cyclization. Their structures were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, HRMS, etc.
Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Peroxiredoxin cDNA from American White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Liu Xiao Long , Xi Qian Yun , Yang Lin , Li Hong Yi , Jiang Qing Yan , Shu Gang , Wang Song Bo , Gao Ping , Zhu Xiao Tong , Zhang Yong Liang
Published: September 2011

Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is an antioxidant protein, which protects organisms against various oxidative stresses. In this study, we isolated Peroxiredoxin cDNA from the muscle tissues of American white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA consists of 962-bp, which includes a 49-bp 5′-untranslated region (UTR), a 316-bp 3′-untranslated region, and a 597-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 198 amino acids. The signal peptide sequence was not found in this cDNA. We aligned the deduced amino acid sequence with the known amino acid sequences of Fenneropenaeus indicus, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, Marsupenaeus japonicus, Scylla serrata, Drosophila melanogaster, Bos taurus, Branchiostoma belcheri, Anoplopoma fimbria, and Rattus norvegicus, and the sequence similarities scores were found to be 97%, 96%, 95%, 83%, 72%, 70%, 80%, 81%, and 75%, respectively. We also found 2-cysteine (Cys) residues in this peroxiredoxin sequence. The RT-PCR analysis revealed that the peroxiredoxin mRNA was expressed in the gills, hepatopancreas, muscles, intestine, and hemocytes. Studies using this newly cloned peroxiredoxin gene from Litopenaeus vannamei will add to the existing knowledge base on the physiological role of peroxiredoxin in shrimp species.
Biotransformation of Digitoxin by Aspergillus Ochraceus
Authors: Fu Yu Wan , Sun Hua , Shen Yan Jun , Chen Xi , Wang Min
Published: September 2011

Biotransformations of natural products have great potential for preparation of lead compounds. In this paper, the biotransformation of digitoxin (1) with Aspergillus ochraceus afforded two products, identified as digitoxigenin (2) and sarmentogenin (3) by HR-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR.