bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Влияние антропогенной нагрузки на адаптациию Betula pendula Roth.
Authors: Рахмангулов Руслан Султанович
Published: March 2019

В качестве объекта исследования выбран широко распространенный вид берез Betula pendula Roth. Изучены механизмы приспособления листьев в условиях антропогенной нагрузки B. pendula лесополосы вдоль автодороги Р-240 «Уфа – Оренбург» на морфологическом уровне по двум показателям — флуктуирующая асимметрия и морфологическая интеграция структуры листа. Для оценки произведена выборка 250 листьев с 25 деревьев генеративного состояния в лесополосе, расположенной вдоль автодороги Р-240 «Уфа – Оренбург» с высоким уровнем антропогенной нагрузки. Определены 40 метрических признаков для оценки уровня морфологической интеграции, среди которых 19 парных признаков для оценки флуктуирующей асимметрии. Также с помощью метода геометрической морфометрии построен усредненный образ листьев B. pendula. При расчете балльных оценок качества среды по показателям флуктуирующей асимметрии по общепринятой методике выявлено, что все деревья формировались в условиях критического (V класс) состояния среды. Тип онтогенетической стратегии — защитно-стрессовый. С усилением антропогенной нагрузки уровень морфологической интеграции возрастает, что определяет защитную часть онтогенетической стратегии, а в последующем происходит снижение показателей морфологической интеграции — проявление стрессовой компоненты. Проведение однофакторного дисперсионного анализа показало значимое влияние фактора (антропогенная нагрузка) между группами внутри генеральной совокупности. Выявлены статистически значимые различия перехода между группами деревьев по уровню морфологической интеграции. Наиболее значимые различия характерны при переходе между группами 1 и 4, 2 и 3, 2 и 4, а также 4 и 5.
Проблемы и перспективы повышения эффективности и конкурентоспособности молочного скотоводства
Authors: Агошкова Нина Егоровна , Шабанникова Наталия Николаевна
Published: March 2019

Молочное скотоводство играет важную роль в экономике страны, обеспечивая население ценными продуктами питания, однако в последние годы в Российской Федерации наблюдается снижение объёмов производства молока, сокращается поголовье коров и, в первую очередь, в малых и средних сельскохозяйственных организациях. Это обусловлено слабой материально-технической базой отрасли, высокой трудоёмкостью производства в молочном скотоводстве, низким уровнем организации производства. Основная цель исследования — выявление проблем развития отрасли, имеющихся недостатков в организации производства молока и обоснование направлений повышения эффективности молочного скотоводства в условиях импортозамещения. На основе анализа статистической информации, передового опыта организации производства и переработки молока выявлены проблемы развития молочного скотоводства и определены пути их решения в региональном АПК. Основным результатом исследования является определение комплекса стратегически важных направлений повышения эффективности молочного скотоводства, наиболее значимыми из которых являются следующие: совершенствование селекционной работы; укрепление кормовой базы на основе внедрения белково-витаминно-минеральных добавок, внедрение поточно-цеховой технологии производства; сокращение яловости животных; совершенствование оплаты труда и материального стимулирования работников животноводства; улучшение качества продукции. Большую роль в повышении эффективности молочного скотоводства может сыграть развитие внутрипроизводственного предпринимательства в данной отрасли (первичная переработка, пастеризация, пакетирование молока, выпуск творожных сырков и других молочных продуктов, а также приготовление и реализация органических удобрений). В целом, сформулированные предложения будут способствовать повышению эффективности и конкурентоспособности молочного скотоводства, что очень важно для реализации региональных программ по импортозамещению.
Использование растительной кормовой добавки Зигбир в рационах молодняка КРС в возрасте 12 – 18 месяцев
Authors: Лашкова Татьяна Борисовна , Петрова Галина В.
Published: March 2019

Тема является продолжением исследований 2015 г. на молодняке более старшего возраста (12 – 18 месяцев) с учетом изменений с ростом и развитием процессов метаболизма. Экспериментальная часть работы выполнена в производственных условиях Новгородской области на телятах, полученных от скрещивания коров молочных пород с быками мясного направления продуктивности согласно методике А. И. Овсянникова (1976). Выявлено, что применение гепатопротектора Зигбир и обусловленное этим улучшение функций печени позитивно отразилось на состоянии обмена веществ и иммунной системы, что проявилось в повышении резистентности и продуктивности. Коэффициенты переваримости у молодняка опытной группы были выше по всем показателям относительно сверстников контрольной группы: разница составила от 2,1 до 4,3 %. Использование растительной добавки с основным рационом не оказало отрицательного воздействия на признаки клинических симптомов заболеваний, а также правильность течения обменных процессов в организме животных. Среднесуточные приросты телят опытной группы на 11,8 % выше значений данного показателя в контроле — 701 г против 627 г. Экспериментальные данные позволяют рекомендовать натуральную кормовую добавку Зигбир для применения в рационах молодняка КРС от 12 до 18 месяцев на фермах Северо-Западного региона.
Лабораторная оценка лежкости клубней некоторых сортов картофеля российской и белорусской селекций
Authors: Лебедева В. А. , Гаджиев Надим Махиш оглы
Published: March 2019

Рассмотрены результаты изучения продолжительности периода физиологического покоя и убыли массы клубней при хранении различных сортов картофеля. Оценивали 42 сорта картофеля в лабораторных условиях по несколько измененной методике С. А. Банадысева и др., 40-клубневые образцы каждого сорта в бумажных пакетах хранили в темном помещении. Клубень считали проросшим при появлении хотя бы одного ростка длиной 1,5 мм. Средняя длительность периода до начала прорастания клубней составила 136,5 суток. Наибольший интерес для селекции представляют сорта с более коротким периодом прорастания: Журавинка — 11 суток, Метеор — 12 суток, Браво — 13 суток. Наилучшие результаты по убыли массы клубней продемонстрировали сорта Скарб, Фаворит и Сиреневый туман, которая после семи месяцев хранения составила 13,1, 13,2 и 9,8 % соответственно, в то время как средняя убыль массы клубней всех остальных сортов при хранении в течение шести месяцев равнялась 14,01 %. Наибольшую убыль массы клубней продемонстрировал сорт Спиридон — 22,4 %, наименьшую — сорта Журавинка — 6,9 %, Вектар — 7,4 %, Чайка и Красавчик — 8,2 %. Причиной такой большой убыли массы клубней является низкая влажность воздуха в помещении, в котором проводили опыты по хранению (ГОСТ допускает естественную убыль за весь период хранения картофеля до 5,9 %). Сорта Скарб, Фаворит, Сиреневый туман, а также сорта Чайка и Журавинка могут быть использованы в качестве родительских форм в дальнейшей селекции при создании новых сортов.
Род Sambucus L. в коллекции Уфимского Ботанического сада
Authors: Полякова Наталья Викторовна , Мурзабулатова Фануза Кавиевна
Published: March 2019

В статье приведены результаты многолетних наблюдений за 3 видами и 6 сортами рода Бузина (Sambucus L.), интродуцированных в Ботанический сад-институт УНЦ РАН (Башкирское Предуралье): краткое описание с указанием морфологических особенностей, возраст, параметры кустов в данном возрастном состоянии, основные фенологические данные, степень зимостойкости в условиях Башкирского Предуралья, особенности вегетативного размножения. Особая ценность декоративно-лиственных кустарников, в отличие от красивоцветущих, состоит в сохранении декоративных свойств на протяжении всего вегетационного периода. Сочетание декоративно-лиственных и красивоцветущих древесных культур дает возможность создания оригинальных ландшафтных композиций с длительным декоративным эффектом. Кроме декоративных качеств, дана характеристика хозяйственно-полезных свойств видов бузины и приведены примеры возможного применения их в быту и промышленности. Коллекция бузин в Ботаническом саду постоянно обновляется и пополняется новыми таксонами, постоянно ведется наблюдение за процессом их акклиматизации в новых условиях. В результате происходит отбор наиболее устойчивых и перспективных представителей данного рода для озеленения городов и населенных пунктов Башкирского Предуралья.
Распространение клёна ясенелистного (Acer negundo L.) по берегам реки Ток в Оренбургской области
Authors: Агишев Вильдан Саматович
Published: March 2019

Рассмотрены негативные стороны распространения клёна ясенелистного (Acer negundo L.) в степной зоне. Оренбургской области, а также факторы сокращения биологического разнообразия древесной растительности. Дан прогноз дальнейшего вытеснения аборигенных деревьев клёном. Изложены причины агрессивного захвата пойменных территорий объектом исследования, приведено научное описание клёна ясенелистного как биологического вида. Численность деревьев учитывали выборочно-перечислительным методом на 18 независимых участках площадью по 10 соток. Для получения основных сведений о характере взрослого древесного покрова в данной местности использован маршрутный метод изучения древесных насаждений. Обнаружена сильнейшая конкуренция между клёном и местной древесной флорой, к которым он близок по своим биологическим особенностям. Из всех исследованных деревьев (тополь белый, черемуха обыкновенная, ива белая, вяз мелколистный) конкурентоспособным оказался лишь тополь белый (Populus alba L.), так как на нём не были обнаружены паразиты и не выявлены никакие болезни. Самыми быстрорастущими деревьями в исследованных фитоценозах являются клён ясенелистный и ива белая (Salix alba L.). Высокая восприимчивость деревьев к болезни, вызванной Phellinus igniarius L., связана с близким расположением их друг к другу. Для предотвращения дальнейшего ухудшения экологической ситуации в степи предложено ввести жёсткий контроль численности и доминантности клёна ясенелистного в степных районах, производить рубки, организовывать волонтёрские рейды посадки ив и тополей в зонах, наиболее опасных их вытеснению.
Адаптивные свойства селекционных образцов гречихи, толерантных к ионам тяжелых металлов
Authors: Барсукова Е. Н.
Published: March 2019

Проблема устойчивости сортов растений к экологическим факторам среды, лимитирующим формирование потенциально возможной продуктивности, особенно актуальна для Приморского края как региона с муссонным климатом. Объектом исследования являлись толерантные к ионам тяжелых металлов образцы гречихи, полученные в результате лабораторных и полевых опытов с использованием методов биотехнологии. В наиболее оптимальных условиях 2014 г. показатели семенной продуктивности были выше средних значений изученных образцов гречихи в два с лишним раза. В 2015 г. наблюдали минимальные значения продуктивности семян (0,1 – 0,5 г). У отдельных форм они были ниже средних в 25 раз. Максимальной продуктивностью семян (2,3 – 2,9 г) характеризовались 8 образцов, достоверно превосходивших показатели сорта — стандарта Изумруд. Семь из них получены под действием повышенных концентраций ионов меди, причем 5 — на селективных средах в условиях in vitro. Адаптивные свойства селекционных образцов, толерантных к ионам тяжелых металлов, по признаку семенной продуктивности растения оценивали по параметрам стрессоустойчивости, генетической гибкости, экологической пластичности в течение трехлетнего периода выращивания в полевых условиях селекционного питомника. В результате выявлены 2 образца с повышенной стрессоустойчивостью, но невысокой продуктивностью. Генетической гибкостью обладали 3 образца. Среди изученных форм 9 образцов определены как высокопластичные и стабильные интенсивного типа. Для дальнейшей селекции гречихи в условиях Приморского края по комплексу адаптивных свойств перспективу представляют два продуктивных высокопластичных и стабильных образца (№ 708, 712), обладающие генетической гибкостью и толерантностью к ионам меди.
The Relative Influence of the European Council in Common Foreign and Security Policy
Authors: Lonardo Luigi
Published: March 2019

The European Council is the institution of the European Union (EU) in charge of defining and implementing European external action. Despite the prominent role assigned to it by EU law, studies have proposed two contrasting narratives. On the one hand, legal scholarship and some political scientists assert the relevance of the European Council in the field of the EU’s external action while others, mostly political scientists, downplay its significance.   This article seeks to advance the debate by offering a quantitative analysis of the European Council conclusions referred to in subsequent EU binding acts. The data are presented according to different variables in turn: (1) the European Council conclusion mentioned in the act; (2) the subject area of the European Council conclusion mentioned; (3) the year other institutions adopted the act; (4) and the subject per year. The reference period for this study is 1st December 2009 - 31st August 2017. The main finding of the study is a challenge to the orthodoxy in legal scholarship on this institution: the European Council leads European external action mainly on relatively uncontroversial issues; there is no evidence of its leadership in critical situations such as the Arab uprisings and the migration crisis. This result opens up promising avenues for research on agenda-setting strategies in time of crisis.
Frequency Domain Analysis for Geometric Nonlinear Seismic Response of Tall Reinforced Concrete Buildings
Authors: Abbas Rafaa Mahmood , Abdulhameed Ruaa A.
Published: March 2019

This paper aims to study the second-order geometric nonlinearity effects of P-Delta on the dynamic response of tall reinforced concrete buildings due to a wide range of earthquake ground motion forces, including minor earthquake up to moderate and strong earthquakes. The frequency domain dynamic analysis procedure was used for response assessment. Reinforced concrete building models with different heights up to 50 stories were analyzed. The finite element software ETABS (version 16.0.3) was used to analyze reinforced concrete building models.

The study reveals that the percentage increase in buildings' sway and drift due to P-Delta effects are nearly constant for specific building height irrespective of the seismic design category assigned to the building. Generally, increase in building lateral displacement and story drift due to P-Delta effects for all seismic design categories is less than 2% for 10 story buildings, whereas this increase for 20 stories or taller buildings is significant with a maximum value around 16% for 50 story building. As for column forces, the study shows that, generally, columns bending moment increases and shear force decreases when P-Delta effects accounted for. In conclusion, the study recommended that the effects of P-Delta need to be addressed for all SDCs allowed by ASCE7-10 and the most important factor to abandonment P-Delta effects is the building height limit.
REVIEW JURNAL “PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN TANTANGAN MODERNITAS ( Input , Proses Dan Output Pendidikan Di Madrasah )
Authors: Nazhruna Jurnal
Published: March 2019

Proses pembelajaran yang baik harus jangan sampai lepas dari beberapa komponen pembelajaran. Seperti tujuan pembelajaran, strategi, metode dan pendekatan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran, dan semua itu akan bagus ketika sarana dan prasarananya itu memadai.-Dalam system pendidikan peserta didik merupakan komponen input yang harus dikelola secara efektif dan efisien agar menjadi output yang berkualitas. Sebagai input pendidikan peserta didik sesungguhnya merupakan subyek yang harus melakukan proses pembelajaran. Istilah siswa atau murid sering juga disebut peserta didik yang mana pada hakikatnya memerlukan bantuan orang dewasa untuk tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai dengan potensinya.- Tujuan pembelajaran dewasa ini mencakup tujuan Pendidikan Nasional, tujuan Institusional, tujuan kurikuler dan tujuan Instruksional. Tujuan pembelajaran pada peserta didik harus relevan dengan kebutuah peserta didik sekaligus sejalan dengan pendidikan Islam yang temuat dalam alQuran dan Hadist.
Analisis Tingkat Kesehatan PT. Bank Aceh Dengan Menggunakan Metode CAMEL
Authors: Ariansyah Ricky
Published: March 2019

Perkembangan aktifitas perbankan yang sangat pesat serta tingkat kompleksitas yang tinggi dapat mempengaruhi kondisi suatu bank.Kompleksitas usaha perbankan yang tinggi dapat meningkatkan resiko yang dihadapi oleh bank-bank yang ada di Indonesia. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan PT. Bank Aceh periode 2012 sampai 2014. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitiandeskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode CAMEL yang meliputi Faktor Permodalan (Capital), Kualitas Aktiva (Asset Quality),Rentabilitas (Earning), dan Likuiditas (Liquidity). Berdasarkan analisis diketahui bahwa secara keseluruhan dapat dinyatakan PT. BankAceh dalam kondisi Sangat Sehat dan menempatkan pada posisi-1 berdasarkan ketentuan yang sudah dibuat oleh Bank Indonesia.
Academic Self-Management Mahasiswa Berprestasi pada Program Studi Pendidikan Agama Buddha STABN Sriwijaya
Authors: Mulyana
Published: March 2019

This research aims to describe academic self-management strategies by theoutstanding students on Buddha Religion Education Studies Program in STABN Sriwijaya.The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with case study approach. Datacollection techniques are used: observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysistechniques using Miles and Huberman interactive models. The validity test of the data usingthe credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The result of this research,are: (1) academic self-management strategies which can be devided into three parts, namely:(a) motivation, where the main motivation of most students relates to parents, such asremembering the struggle, want to make happy, easing the burden, maintaining trust, andcontinuing the work of the parents; (b) student's self-adjustment on: time, learning, physicaland social environment, and discipline; (c) learning, such as: the use of learning resources;follow the lectures; learning outside the classroom; and preparation for UTS/UAS/quiz;and (1) the difficulties or constraints faced by the students come from within the student, inthe case of: planning, discipline, physical health, emotional management, knowledge, socialinteraction, and preparation for examination; and difficulties that come from outside thestudent's self, in the case of: physical environment, lectures in class, social interaction, facingexaminations, and the number of activities to be followed.
Perspective-taking is spontaneous but not automatic
Authors: O'Grady Cathleen , Scott-Phillips Thom , Lavelle Suilin , Smith Kenny
Published: March 2019

Data from a range of different experimental paradigms -- in particular (but not only) the dot perspective task -- have been interpreted as evidence that humans automatically track the perspective of other individuals. Results from other studies, however, have cast doubt on this interpretation, and some researchers have suggested that phenomena that seem like perspective-taking might instead be the products of simpler behavioural rules. The issue remains unsettled in significant part because different schools of thought, with different theoretical perspectives, implement the experimental tasks in subtly different ways, making direct comparisons difficult. Here, we explore the possibility that subtle differences in experimental method explain otherwise irreconcilable findings in the literature. Across five experiments we show that the classic result in the dot perspective task is not automatic (it is not purely stimulus-driven), but nor is it exclusively the product of simple behavioural rules that do not involve mentalizing. Instead, participants do compute the perspectives of other individuals rapidly, unconsciously and involuntarily, but only when attentional systems prompt them to do so (just as, for instance, the visual system puts external objects into focus only as and when required). This finding prompts us to clearly distinguish spontaneity from automaticity. Spontaneous perspective-taking may be a computationally efficient means of navigating the social world.
Formation of magnesium silicate hydrate cement in nature
Authors: de Ruiter Lisa , Austrheim Håkon
Published: March 2019

Tillite lithified by magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) cement has been formed at the surface of the Feragen Ultramafic Body in SE Norway. Serpentinization of olivine-rich rocks led to formation of brucite that dissolves during weathering to form a high pH (>9) Mg-rich fluid. This fluid dissolves quartz deposited by glaciers during the Weichselian glaciation. Subsequent evaporation leads to the precipitation of a nanocrystalline magnesium silicate hydrate phase with the approximate composition Mg8Si8O20(OH)8·6H2O. The resulting cemented rock is characterized by disintegrated and partly dissolved quartz grains that are surrounded by the M-S-H cement. This process occurs at surface conditions in a subarctic climate and is known to take place on the timescale of a few decades, as constrained by mining activities. Magnesium-based cement is currently of high interest as the search for environmentally friendly cement is a pressing task considering that the widely used Portland cement accounts for about 7% of the worldwide anthropogenic CO2 emission. As this study provides new key insights into the formation process of natural CO2-neutral magnesium-based cement on the field- and microscale, it could contribute in the development of a new sustainable construction material.
Review Journal: The Development of Digital Economy In Indonesia (Sally Kurniawan 130316069)
Authors: Kurniawan Sally
Published: March 2019

Di Indonesia, pengguna teknologi digital semakin meningkat. Generasi milenial zaman sekarang sangat identik dengan teknologi, sehingga pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dari teknologi semakin cepat pula. Review ini akan membahas lebih dalam perkembangan teknologi dan berbagai dampak yang ditimbulkannya dari berbagai sisi.
PERANAN KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM PERATURAN DAERAH
Authors: Meiyani Eliza
Published: March 2019

AbstractLocal wise posses the important role in constructing the regency regulation namely as the support of procedure to make the better regency regulation as the material reference of regency regulation as the facility to increase the community loyalty towards the constructed regency regulation. The accommodation of local wise in constructing the regency regulation was not only can be seen as the form of appreciation towards the community rights but also the approval towards the basic rights of community (fundamental rights). Empirically every government (provincial and regency) in Indonesia posses the local value due to the decrease of land replacement to investor hand so the community become so difficult to obtain the adequate life, inaccessible to local community problem by regency government policy. Any obstacle faced by the existence of local value need to obtain the serious attention from regency government
PENGARUH PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP KINERJA APARATUR NAGARI DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN NAGARI
Authors: resfiana
Published: March 2019

Abstark: Effect of Information Technology Application on Performance of Ngari Apparatus in Nagari Financial Management in Tanah Datar District. This research is motivated by an indication that there is a lack of knowledge and ability of the nagari apparatus in applying information technology in the process of nagari financial management. This study uses quantitative methods. The population of this study amounted to 600 people consisting of Wali Nagari, Secretary, Treasurer and five Heads of Nagari Affairs. The samples were 240 respondents which were determined based on Slovin formula with a significant level of 5%. Sampling using Multi Stage Random Sampling technique. The instrument of this research was questionnaire using the Likert scale measurement. The analysis of this study used multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study show that the benefit sub-variable has a significant effect on the performance of the nagari apparatus with the Adjust R Square value regression test of 0.093, the ease of use sub-variable has a significant effect on the performance of the nagari apparatus with Adjust R Square regression test results of 0.071 and together the sub-variables of utilization and ease of use have a significant effect on the performance of the nagari apparatus in the management of nagari finance in Tanah Datar District with the results of regression tests of Adjust R Square values of 0.094
PERANAN SOSIAL WANITA BERFUNGSI GANDA
Authors: Meiyani Eliza
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKWoman participation consists of tradition and transition rotes, the traamon or amour includes woman as a wife, mother and household manager. Meanwhile the transition or public role covers woman as a labor, member of society and development as a whole. Nowadays, the phenomenon in the society is woman tends to work harder to earn money for the family and to express themselves. One indicator of woman role in national development can be seen from an increase in variety of woman job, it does not mean that the woman welfare increase automatically. The woman face discrimination, not only in domestic sector but also in public sector.Therefore, the dynamic characteristic of woman multifunction is important to be learned
MENGGAGAS PARADIGMA PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI MELALUI NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL BUDAYA
Authors: Meiyani Eliza
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKKorupsi di Indonesia sudah memasuki stadium “darurat korupsi”. Stadium ini dikuatkan oleh hasil Survey Masyarakat Internasional yang menempatkan Indonesia sebagai negara terkorup urutan ke 4 di dunia dan nomor 1 di Asia dengan Indeks Persepsi Korupsi (IPK) 9,2. Peringkat ini pada Hakikatnya telah mencederai harkat dan martabat bangsa Indonesia yang tergolong sebagai negara yang berbudaya berdasarkan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Diperlukan upaya untuk menyetop perilaku koruptif dengan membangun paradigma pemberantasannya. Paradigma yang tepat adalah pelembagaan (doble legitimacy) kembali nilai-nilai sosial budaya yang terdapat dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Asumsi ini sangat tepat mengingat perilaku koruptif telah sistemik dalam telah mamasuki sendi-sendi kehidupan masyarakat. Nilai-nilai sosial budaya dalam masyarakat Indonesia sangat potensial untuk memberantas perilaku koruptif. Selama ini paradigma pemberantasan korupsi hanya bertumpu pada paradigma hukum dalam arti memaksimalkan pendekatan undang-undang (law reform) dan kelembagaan (institutions reform) namun hasilnya tidak efektif. Perilaku koruptif semakin mengingat dan terkesan tambal sulam. Sudah saatnya pemberantasan korupsi menggunakan paradigma barn yaitu menggunakan nilai-nilai sosial budaya masyarakat Indonesia. Nilai-nilai sosial budaya masyarakat Indonesia menyimpan potensi yang sangat besar untuk memberantas korupsi karena dengan pelembagaan (double legitimacy) nilai-nilai sosial budaya dapat menjadi instrumen untuk mengontrol perilaku setiap orang untuk tidak koruptif, akan tumbuh budaya saling mengontrol sehingga menutup peluang berperilaku koruptif.
Almira Mahsa F / PI KP A
Authors: F Almira Mahsa
Published: March 2019

Peningkatan daya saing pabrik gula di Indonesia masih ada saja yang harus disesuaikan dan diperbaiki oleh pemerintah melalui kebijakan-kebijakannya.
The sociobiological development and arousal of implicit motives: The emergence of a growth-and-prune model of motive development and the continued linkage of hormones and motives throughout the life span
Authors: Köllner Martin G. , Janson Kevin Thomas
Published: March 2019

Background: Research points to three groups of interrelationships of hormones with implicit motives. The first two are organizational: First, prenatal hormones (e.g., testosterone) may provide a biological basis for initial development of the implicit power motive (and probably other motives), as the 2D:4D ratio was associated with this motive in three samples when considering activity inhibition, a marker for functional right-hemispheric brain lateralization. After this biological basis has been pruned to varying degrees by parental demands in early childhood, a second organizational phase seems to modulate implicit motives: The interaction between the power motive and activity inhibition was also related to facial width-to-height ratio, a likely marker of pubertal testosterone, when aggregating two samples. We speculate that after this second phase, peers further trim the power motive to varying degrees. The third pathway is activational and its strength may depend on the outcomes of the two organizational phases: For example, higher progesterone around ovulation entails higher affiliation motivation in the luteal phase and testosterone responses after winning or losing dominance contests are scaled by power motive strength. Conclusions: We propose a tentative life-span model of the relationship between steroid hormones and implicit motives in which two growth-and-prune phases lay the foundation for arousal effects later in life. Future research may corroborate this model via (1) testing the associations of motives with organizational hormone effects using other markers like anogenital distance, (2) exploring social influences on motive development during adolescence, and (3) including saliva sampling in all studies involving motive arousal.
Comment on Cesana-Arlotti et al. (2018)
Authors: Jasbi Masoud , Bohn Manuel , Long Bria , Fourtassi Abdellah , Barner David , Frank Michael C.
Published: March 2019

The origins of logical concepts is one of the central topics in cognitive science. Cesana-Arlotti and colleagues provide novel eye-tracking measures from preverbal infants compatible withdisjunctive reasoning. However, the evidence is not conclusive. We provide a simpler object tracking account that would produce the same processing signatures. Future research must make a priori predictions that distinguish these accounts.
A Psychometric Network Perspective on the Validity and Validation of Personality Trait Questionnaires
Authors: Christensen Alexander P. , Golino Hudson , Silvia Paul
Published: March 2019

This article reviews the causal implications of latent variable and psychometric network models for the validation of personality trait questionnaires. These models imply different data generating mechanisms that have important consequences for the validity and validation of questionnaires. From this review, we formalize a framework for assessing the evidence for the validity of questionnaires from the psychometric network perspective. We focus specifically on the structural phase of validation where items are assessed for redundancy, dimensionality, and internal structure. In this discussion, we underline the importance of identifying unique personality components (i.e., an item or set of items that share a unique common cause) and representing the breadth of each trait’s domain in personality networks. After, we argue that psychometric network models have measures that are statistically equivalent to factor models, but suggest that their substantive interpretations differ. Finally, we provide a novel measure of structural consistency, which provides complementary information to internal consistency measures. We close with future directions for how external validation can be executed using psychometric network models.
Detecting deceptive communication through linguistic concreteness
Authors: Kleinberg Bennett , van der Vegt Isabelle , Arntz Arnoud , Verschuere Bruno
Published: March 2019

Several research lines attempted to tell truthful from deceptive texts by looking at the concreteness in language as an indicator of truthfulness. We identified eight different operationalizations of concreteness for computer-automated analysis and validated these operationalizations on six diverse datasets containing truthful and deceptive texts (about hotel reviews, past and future weekend plans, as well as intended flight plans). The results suggest that not just the efficacy but also the directionality of concreteness as a cue to deception is dependent on the operationalization and the context. A predictive analysis suggests that concreteness indices can differentiate between truthful and deceptive statements above the chance level and are a worthy path for future research. The importance of conducting multi-dataset and multi-operationalization investigations in linguistic deception detection research is highlighted.
Una aproximación teórica a la dominación simbólica a partir del Corpus Christi colonial cuzqueño (Siglo XVII)
Authors: Fiorani Agustina , Franco Francisco
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo pretende llevar a cabo una reconstrucción teórica de la dominación simbólica de la Corona española en los Andes Centrales. Consideraremos para ello cómo se presenta la imposición discursiva/simbólica española en la fiesta de Corpus Christi en Cuzco, entendiendo que en la misma se entrelaza una mixtura de elementos hispánicos y andinos de larga data, construidos, reconstruidos y reproducidos a través de la agencia de cada grupo participante en el festejo.
Contexts of State Violence: Jewish Expulsions in the Holy Roman Empire
Authors: Doten-Snitker Kerice
Published: March 2019

Policies excluding ethnoracial and religious minorities reinforce the power of political elites. This study addresses an extreme case of exclusion, urban expulsions of Jews in the medieval western Holy Roman Empire. Expulsions were official edicts proclaimed by Christian princes, lords, or town councils, whomever ruled a territory. Changing religious and political culture, in the form of new value on community righteousness and the beginning of territorialization, provided incentives for polities to expel their Jewish residents. Using a new database of Jewish settlement and city development in the Western Holy Roman Empire 1000-1520 CE, I show that the relational structure of political power between Christian elites could insulate or expose Jewish communities to political contests of the time. Jews were derided, lesser members of Christian society, but in spite of increasing focus on Christian piety and legislating community purity, most cities did not expel their Jewish residents. City rulers that did expel were attempting to solve challenges for sovereignty through their policies towards Jews.
Time between death and funeral services in Puerto Rico following Hurricane María
Authors: Santos Alexis R
Published: March 2019

This descriptive finding examines patterns in time to funeral following Hurricane María, in Puerto Rico between in 2017 and 2018. I calculate average time to funeral by month, and by autopsy status. Data for this study come from death records obtained from the Puerto Rico Vital Statistics System with support from the Puerto Rico Institute of Statistics. I produce ranges of variation by month as means with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each month. The average number of days after Hurricane María indicate that the number of days has reduced but was significantly higher in September 2017. The analysis by autopsy status, indicates that on average cases where an autopsy was performed had a greater number of days between death and funeral. After Hurricane Maria, the number of days was higher but patterns of reduction are observed in this descriptive analysis. Cases sent to the Forensic Science Institute for an autopsy had significantly higher number of days between death and funeral than those who were not sent.
Incidence of Urinary Problems Post Successful Fistula Repair
Authors: Tasnim Nasira , Bangash Kauser , Amin Oreekah , Batool Afsan
Published: March 2019

Aims:  The aim was to determine the incidence and association of urinary problems post successful fistula repair.
Methods: The retrospective analysis was conducted at Maternal Child Health Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, and comprised data related to patients having undergone vesicovaginal fistula repair from January 2008 to June 2018. Various modalities were used to determine the underlying cause of these symptoms including patient’s history, examination, ultrasound, urine examination and urodynamic studies. Statistical analysis of the record was done using SPSS 21 software.
Results:  Among total 318 successful fistulas repair patients, 78 (24.5%) had urinary problems post operatively. Out of these 78, 56.4% had stress incontinence, 41% infection and 2.6% urge incontinence.13.6% of the stress incontinence was due to sphincter weakness. Urge incontinence was found to be due to detrusor instability. These post-operative urinary complaints were significantly associated with the repair of vesicovaginal (31.3%), urethral (23.1%) and vesicouterine (15.7%) fistula compared to those involving ureter(p 0.04). No significant association was found between the incidence of post-operative urinary complaints and previous history of surgical repair, parity, fistula size and duration of fistula.
Conclusions: Urinary incontinence after fistula repair requires careful evaluation as the successful repair of a urogenital fistula can correct the fistula defect, but it might not make the patient dry. Moreover, performing further continence surgery may exacerbate the condition in some cases.
Management of Vesicouterine Fistulae during "Fistulae Surgical Caravan" in Cote D'ivoire
Authors: Djanhan L.E. , Dia J.M. , Menin M.M. , Kouamé B. , Bohoussou E. , Samaké Y. , Kouakou K.P. , Doumbia Y.
Published: March 2019

Aims : To describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients treated for vesico-uterine fistula.
Methods : This was a case series of 34 patients prospectively collected for  descriptive purposes. They were treated for Vesico-uterine fistulae during "fistulas surgical caravans" from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2016.
Results :Vesico-uterine fistulae represented 2.1% of all treated urogenital fistulae. At the time of fistula occurrence, the average age of the patients was 33.3 years, and the majority were illiterate (88.2%), lived in rural areas and were unemployed (73.5%). All the fistulae were associated to childbirth, the majority of which took place on a scarred uterus (67.6%). And this childbirth responsible for the fistula was a delivery done by caesarean section in 97.7% of cases. Average duration of the fistula before management was 6 years. Finally, all the patients were operated by the same surgical technique, made by abdominal extra peritoneal transvesical way. The successful first repair rate was 97.1% in 33 patients. The only case of failure was successfully cured using surgical another technique in a second attempt.
Conclusion: The vesicouterine fistulae were rare, were mostly associated to previous uterus surgical history and the successful rate is almost 100%.
On Self Managing Autonomous Ubiquitous Networks
Authors: Chaudhry Junaid Ahsenali , Chaudhry Sajjad Hussain , Seungkyu Park
Published: March 2019

The interfaces of computing systems are expanding. This expansion has revealed many new problems that were never considered for conventional software systems. Ubiquitous networks belong to the generation of computing systems that deals with high levels of mobility and ‘interface everywhere’ theme. So they require more resilience. Conventional methods for managing these networks are inappropriate and very costly. Autonomic self management is a promising new concept that aims to (i) increase reliability by designing systems to be self-protecting and self-healing; and (ii) increase autonomy and performance by enabling systems to adapt to changing circumstances, using self-configuring and self-optimizing mechanisms. In this paper we propose that the cost attached with network management can be cut short with increased quality of service and performance. We give the architecture of an Autonomic Management System (AMS) in a smart home scenario, which we plan to implement in our project.
Devolution of Power: Impact Assessment on Primary Education
Authors: Mahesar Aijaz Ahmed , Ur Rahman Mustaghis
Published: March 2019

Devolution of power in Pakistan had been awaited since long. The old colonial system of governing from the top had failed to deliver and the services at local level had been deteriorating. There was a general feeling that the incapacity of the system to respond to the development needs is due to non-participation of the local community in the decision-making. Education amongst the other services had been affected badly since the inception of the country despite several attempts to formulate, review and implement newer policies at various intervals. It has been hoped that the service delivery will improve with the promulgation of Local Government Ordinance (LGO) 2001, which for the first time introduced a shift of paradigm to manage local government system with active participation of the community. The aim of this study is to explore whether the new governance model has made any positive impact on primary education, which now rests with the local governments. The research for the study is exploratory cum descriptive and qualitative in nature. The primary data has been collected in the field through discussions and interviews of the stakeholders on a pre-set questionnaire. Mostly, the data is qualitative in nature. However, the author has tried to analyze the data through descriptive statistical methods. Pie charts and bar charts have been applied for data interpretation to arrive at the result of the study.
Empirical Study of Relationship between Budget Deficits and Inflation: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Soomro Riaz H. , Memon Asif Saeed
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the empirical relationship between budget deficits and inflation based on CPI, and to find empirical evidence of sources of inflation in Pakistan, considering data from 1973 to 2006. The main source of data has been the State Bank of Pakistan and the Federal Bureau of Statistics. Univariate analysis along with simple statistical analysis is utilized to determine the time series properties of each variable. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method is used to analyze the relationship between the variables of Interest. Co-integration and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) are used to determine the long run and short run relationships respectively. The results of this study indicate that there is a long run relationship between inflation and Budget Deficit to GDP Ratio (BDGR). Further sources of inflation in Pakistan have been budget deficits, GDP growth, and international inflation, reserve Money and weighted average lending rates. The implications are that tight monetary policy can serve as an effective anti-inflationary measure but a restrictive fiscal policy (reduction in government expenditures) can also help to minimize inflation in Pakistan.
Vulnerability to Depression in Mothers of Emotionally and Physically Handicapped Children
Authors: Khan Fouzia Naeem
Published: March 2019

In the present study, it was hypothesized that mothers of emotionally handicapped children will be more vulnerable to depression as compared to the mothers of physically handicapped children. In order to test these hypotheses, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was given to 300 mothers. Sample was divided into 3 groups, 100 mothers of emotionally handicapped children, 100 mothers of physically handicapped children and 100 mothers of healthy children. Z-test was applied in order to get the statistical significance of the results. The results of the present study show that the mothers of emotionally handicapped children were more depressed than the mothers of physically handicapped children.
Factors That Affect Attitude towards Generic Drugs’ Prescription: A Comparison of Pakistani and Slovenian General Practitioners Practices
Authors: Raza Sohail , Azam S. M. Shafi
Published: March 2019

Doctors are usually concerned about the quality of generic drugs, and possible liabilities connected with their use. Therefore, this study is an attempt to examine the attitudes of Pakistani General Practitioners (GPs) towards generic prescribing drugs. This study focuses five areas that affect GPs prescribing habit of generic drugs. Moreover, this study evaluates and compares practices of GPs’ towards prescribe generic drugs in Pakistan and Slovenia. 50 General Practitioners are selected from Karachi through simple random sampling. Questionnaire–a primary data collection tool is used to collect data from all General Practitioners. The Slovenian study is used as secondary data source. MEGASTAT–a statistical package is used to conduct chi-square test of independence at 5% significance level. This study concludes that more academic details of generic drugs influence General Practitioners to prescribe them.
Consumer Behavior in Purchase of Mobile Phone in Urban City of Karachi
Authors: Suleman Sabera , Nazar Tehmina
Published: March 2019

The dynamic times we are living in may be one of the most fascinating times to study mobile phone purchasing motives. There is not enough data available on the salient factors which affect the decision making process; usage and brand loyalty in mobile phone consumers belonging to different age groups. Therefore, this study addresses this subject by using the Models of Wheel of Consumer Analysis and Consumer Decision Making Process to evaluate two distinct age groups: 18-35 years and 36-50 years. It further evaluates effect of marketing strategies on consumers of both age groups, based on a popular brand of Nokia. Findings of this study show that younger consumers, aged 18-35 years, are comparatively more affective and more inclined towards technologically advanced mobile phones, whereas, the older consumers aged 36-50 years are more cognitive. Both the age groups are highly involved in the purchase decision of mobile phones. Word of mouth, mobile phone dealers’ websites and advertisements play the most powerful role in influencing their purchase decision. The final part of the study on behavior towards Nokia reveals the brand’s unique selling points across both age groups are durability and quality. Majority is not satisfied with its pricing strategy and need more features at lower prices. However, older age group shows higher level of brand loyalty for Nokia.
Women Entrepreneurship and Women Enterprise Management in Karachi
Authors: Salman Faryal , Ur Rahman Mustaghis
Published: March 2019

This study is on “Women Entrepreneurship and Women Enterprise Management in Karachi”. The basic purpose of this study is to explore general information about the women entrepreneurs and the challenges they face at the time of establishing their business. The findings of this study helps us understand that why, despite having the talents and ambitions, these women entrepreneurs face a number of challenges that hampers the growth, success and prosperity of their businesses. In the light of the findings of this research, there is a need to create supportive business environment and networking with business and non-governmental organizations to develop and mobilize women to the business sector through their own enterprises. This would not only lead to financial independence of women but also will have a multiplier effect as a result of overall well being of the society.