bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D Radiation Hydrodynamic Simulations of Gravitational Instability in AGN Accretion Disks: Effects of Radiation Pressure
Authors: Chen 陈 Yi-Xian 逸贤 , Jiang 姜 Yan-Fei 燕飞 , Goodman Jeremy , Ostriker Eve C.
Published: May 2023

We perform 3D radiation hydrodynamic local shearing-box simulations to study the outcome of gravitational instability (GI) in optically thick active galactic nuclei (AGNs) accretion disks. GI develops when the Toomre parameter Q

T
≲ 1, and may lead to turbulent heating that balances radiative cooling. However, when radiative cooling is too efficient, the disk may undergo runaway gravitational fragmentation. In the fully gas-pressure-dominated case, we confirm the classical result that such a thermal balance holds when the Shakura–Sunyaev viscosity parameter (α) due to the gravitationally driven turbulence is ≲0.2, corresponding to dimensionless cooling times Ωt
cool ≳ 5. As the fraction of support by radiation pressure increases, the disk becomes more prone to fragmentation, with a reduced (increased) critical value of α (Ωt
cool). The effect is already significant when the radiation pressure exceeds 10% of the gas pressure, while fully radiation-pressure-dominated disks fragment at t
cool ≲ 50 Ω−1. The latter translates to a maximum turbulence level α ≲ 0.02, comparable to that generated by magnetorotational instability. Our results suggest that gravitationally unstable (Q

T
∼ 1) outer regions of AGN disks with significant radiation pressure (likely for high/near-Eddington accretion rates) should always fragment into stars, and perhaps black holes.
LensWatch. I. Resolved HST Observations and Constraints on the Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova 2022qmx (“SN Zwicky”)
Authors: Pierel J. D. R. , Arendse N. , Ertl S. , Huang X. , Moustakas L. A. , Schuldt S. , Shajib A. J. , Shu Y. , Birrer S. , Bronikowski M. , Hjorth J. , Suyu S. H. , Agarwal S. , Agnello A. , Bolton A. S. , Chakrabarti S. , Cold C. , Courbin F. , Della Costa J. M. , Dhawan S. , Engesser M. , Fox Ori D. , Gall C. , Gomez S. , Goobar A. , Jha S. W. , Jimenez C. , Johansson J. , Larison C. , Li G. , Marques-Chaves R. , Mao S. , Mazzali P. A. , Perez-Fournon I. , Petrushevska T. , Poidevin F. , Rest A. , Sheu W. , Shirley R. , Silver E. , Storfer C. , Strolger L. G. , Treu T. , Wojtak R. , Zenati Y.
Published: May 2023

Supernovae (SNe) that have been multiply imaged by gravitational lensing are rare and powerful probes for cosmology. Each detection is an opportunity to develop the critical tools and methodologies needed as the sample of lensed SNe increases by orders of magnitude with the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory and Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. The latest such discovery is of the quadruply imaged Type Ia SN 2022qmx (aka, “SN Zwicky”) at z = 0.3544. SN Zwicky was discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility in spatially unresolved data. Here we present follow-up Hubble Space Telescope observations of SN Zwicky, the first from the multicycle “LensWatch (www.lenswatch.org)” program. We measure photometry for each of the four images of SN Zwicky, which are resolved in three WFC3/UVIS filters (F475W, F625W, and F814W) but unresolved with WFC3/IR F160W, and present an analysis of the lensing system using a variety of independent lens modeling methods. We find consistency between lens-model-predicted time delays (≲1 day), and delays estimated with the single epoch of Hubble Space Telescope colors (≲3.5 days), including the uncertainty from chromatic microlensing (∼1–1.5 days). Our lens models converge to an Einstein radius of

θ

E

=
(

0.168

−
0.005

+
0.009

)
″

, the smallest yet seen in a lensed SN system. The “standard candle” nature of SN Zwicky provides magnification estimates independent of the lens modeling that are brighter than predicted by

∼

1.7

−
0.6

+
0.8

mag and

∼

0.9

−
0.6

+
0.8

mag for two of the four images, suggesting significant microlensing and/or additional substructure beyond the flexibility of our image-position mass models.
Novel Approach to Forecasting Photospheric Emergence of Active Regions
Authors: Silva S. S. A. , Lennard M. , Verth G. , Ballai I. , Rempel E. L. , Warnecke J. , Iijima H. , Hotta H. , Park S.-H. , Donea A. C. , Kusano K. , Fedun V.
Published: May 2023

One key aspect of understanding the solar dynamo mechanism and the evolution of solar magnetism is to properly describe the emergence of solar active regions. In this Letter, we describe the Lagrangian photospheric flows dynamics during a simulated flux emergence that produces an active region formed by pores. We analyze the lower photospheric flow organization prior, during and following the rise of an active region, uncovering the repelling and attracting photospheric structures that act as sources and sinks for magnetic element transport. Our results show that around 10 hr before the simulated emergence, considerable global changes are taking place on mesogranular scales indicated by an increase of the number of regions acting as a source to the multiple and scattered emergences of small-scale magnetic flux. At the location of active region’s appearance, the converging flows become weaker and there is an arising of a diverging region 8 hr before the emergence time. Our study also indicates that the strong concentration of magnetic field affects the flow dynamics beyond the area of the actual simulated pores, leading to complex and strongly diverging flows in the neighboring regions. Our findings suggest that the Lagrangian analysis is a powerful tool to describe the changes in the photospheric flows due to magnetic flux emergence.
Distribution of microbial abundance in long-term copper contaminated soils from Topolnitsa-Pirdop valley, Southern Bulgaria
Authors: Petkova Michaella , Nankova Nadezhda , Kancheva Viktoriya , Boteva Silvena , Kenarova Anelia , Radeva Galina
Published: May 2023

This study presents the distribution of bacterial and fungal abundances in long-term copper (Cu) contaminated soils in Topolnitsa-Pirdop valley – a highly industrialized zone with a number of mines and processing plants for copper and other non-ferrous metals. The bacterial (16S rRNA gene copies) and fungal (ITS rRNA gene copies) were estimated using quantitative PCR technique in five topsoils, differently Cu contaminated (ranging from 28.05 to 198.9 mg kg-1). Bacterial abundance varied in a range of 1.68 × 1011 to 3.24 × 101116S rRNA genes, whereas fungi amounted from 1.95 × 108 to 6.71 × 108 ITS rRNA genes. Fungal and bacterial abundances were significantly (fungi) and insignificantly (bacteria) influenced by Cu contamination. The fungal/bacterial ratio related negatively with soil Cu, which shifted microbial communities’ structure towards bacterial dominance. Since the ratio between bacteria and fungi are vital in explaining many soil functions, the calculated changes in this ratio indicated deterioration in soil quality, being of primary importance for plant production.
L’assemblée théâtrale, dispositif socioclinique de démocratie participative
Authors: Badache René
Published: May 2023

Lors de dispositifs de théâtre-forum en milieu ouvert, on s’est longtemps contenté de développer des formes de démocratie délibérative. La tâche qu’il restait à accomplir est de faire du citoyen un des vecteurs de la démocratie participative car inspirateur de la décision politique. Cela s’est avéré possible grâce à l’expérience d’un dispositif d’assemblée théâtrale dans une ville, dont l’objectif a été de permettre le dialogue entre société civile, élus et administratifs en mettant les gens au travail. Il s’agissait de permettre aux différents protagonistes impliqués dans les politiques « jeunesse » de « prendre part », d’« apporter une part » et enfin de « recevoir une part ou bénéficier ». Tout en surmontant les résistances au changement, cette démarche a permis à une démocratie informelle de se développer en considérant comme essentielle la confrontation des expertises. Réapprendre à débattre sans violence, s’appuyer sur l’intelligence collective, la décision partagée, pour construire ensemble une meilleure politique publique.
Le travail à distance
Authors: Teyssier Céline
Published: May 2023

Avec le développement du télétravail, la reconfiguration des liens entre travail et vie privée au sein du domicile a marqué la fin du rôle primordial de l’entreprise comme lieu de rassemblement et de partage. Ainsi que le renouveau des questions de santé physique et mentale au travail et des tensions accrues dans les équilibres précaires entre autonomie et contrôle, surveillance et vie privée.
Le travail à distance
Authors: Landour Julie
Published: May 2023

Avant la pandémie de la covid-19, le travail à distance du site de l’employeur (réalisé au domicile ou ailleurs) concernait plutôt des hommes, qualifiés, avec une diffusion variable d’un pays à l’autre. En France, le travail à distance était très peu implanté ; à la faveur de la pandémie, le télétravail réalisé depuis le domicile ne modifie que marginalement les organisations domestiques : les hommes télétravaillent principalement, tandis que leur conjointe exerce son activité à l’extérieur, ne devenant qu’un appoint dans les arrangements entre travail et famille. En Suisse, à la faveur d’un travail à domicile historiquement plus fréquemment mis en place, les hommes peuvent absorber une part plus importante du travail domestique et parental ; les femmes restent toutefois les principales orchestratrices du travail domestique et parental. En Suède, où la pratique du travail à distance est beaucoup plus répandue, la localisation de l’activité professionnelle masculine au domicile engendre une complète réorganisation du travail domestique et parental, dans laquelle celui qui est au foyer assure l’essentiel des tâches associées à cet espace. Ces configurations soulignent que la division sexuée du travail n’est pas seulement le résultat des conditions matérielles de travail : elle s’ancre dans des normes et conventions, variées selon les pays et plus ou moins vectrices d’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes 1 .
Déterminants de la massification de l’offre de crédit des institutions de microfinance destinée aux femmes dans les pays de l’UEMOA
Authors: Ndione Mamadou , Bertin Malou Jonas
Published: May 2023

L’objet de cet article est de connaître les principaux déterminants de la massification de l’offre de crédits destinée aux femmes des pays de l’Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (UEMOA). Dans cette perspective, notre analyse empirique a porté sur des institutions de microfinance (IMF) des 8 pays membres de l'UEMOA sur la période 2002-2017. Les résultats du modèle de panel à effet aléatoire mettent en évidence que les fonds propres ainsi que les subventions reçues par les IMF contribuent à accroître le volume de crédits destiné aux femmes, contrairement aux financements par endettement qui apparaissent sans incidence. De plus, les pays de l’UEMOA gagneraient à revoir leur système de gouvernance, celui-ci ne semblant pas propice à un accroissement de l’offre de crédit destinée aux femmes. Classification JEL : G1
Le marché locatif dans la ville informelle : un révélateur des inégalités socio-spatiales. Le cas de Beyrouth
Authors: Kaedbey Rouba
Published: May 2023

Le marché locatif informel à Beyrouth a vu son essor s’accélérer avec l’arrivée massive des réfugiés syriens au moment du déclenchement de la guerre en Syrie en 2011. Pour les plus fragiles, ils sont contraints de louer dans les quartiers non réglementaires en banlieue de la ville. Sans cadre de régulation, les dynamiques générées par la location constituent un des vecteurs déterminants dans le creusement des inégalités socio-spatiales, à la fois au sein des quartiers, mais aussi entre ces derniers et le reste de la ville. Il s’agit d’étayer cette idée en analysant l’« habiter » des réfugiés syriens et les rapports de pouvoir entre les acteurs de la location informelle. Classification JEL : K40, O17, P25, R23
La petite voiture citadine a-t-elle encore un avenir ?
Authors: Frigant Vincent , Paquette Martin
Published: May 2023

Les constructeurs généralistes ont décidé de supprimer de leurs gammes la petite voiture citadine. Mais si ce choix semble entériner des contraintes techniques et de rentabilité, il relève aussi d’un pari stratégique relativement risqué dans une perspective concurrentielle et s’inscrit à contre-courant des attentes sociétales.
Vingt ans d’articles « Varia » : échelles d’observation et niveaux d’analyse
Authors: Frétigné Cédric
Published: May 2023

En vingt ans, la revue Savoirs a publié plus d’une centaine de Varia . Le propos de l’article est de rendre compte des échelles d’observation et des niveaux d’analyse mobilisés par les auteur.es. Le constat principal fait état d’une préférence pour les échelles et les niveaux intermédiaires et leur articulation, sans que cela ne répondre obligatoirement à une nécessité d’ordre épistémologique ou méthodologique. Il s’agit ainsi de présenter les configurations effectivement observées mais également d’interroger celles qui correspondent à des possibles non actualisés et qui pourraient néanmoins contribuer à renouveler pour partie la recherche en formation d’adultes.
On Becoming “Princesse Bibesco”: The Intimacy of Modern Identity, Between the Self and the World
Authors: Duţu Carmen Beatrice , Patraş Roxana , Patraş Antonio
Published: May 2023

With the exception of Eva Behring who does not regard Martha Bibescu (1886–1973) as an “exile writer,” the few dictionaries and lexicons tackling Romanian exile writers only mention this turn-of-the-century Romanian-French woman writer’s name with modest assertiveness. This narrative of her censorship is probably the story of any exile woman writer, yet with a few entanglements created by her special social status (she became a “Princess” by marriage), by her outstanding political allegiances, and by her Bovaric spirit: malicious critics commented that her epitaph is a composition of four personae, none of them authentic. In this article, we present reasons and contexts of/for Martha Bibescu’s exclusion from the Romanian national literary canon. Moreover, assuming “a new geographical consciousness” that might bring to the fore the transnational routes of emancipation, our specific aim in the present article is to move away from the enduring narrative of censorship in Martha Bibescu’s case and to propose her as a candidate figure for a transnational literary canon, forging a specific, modern, intimate écriture. Our stance is that shaping a complex intimacy, in-between the ways of the Self and the ways of the world, represents these women writers’ major contribution to modernity and should be counted as one of the characteristics of modernism.
Goreča Erotika in Cankarjeva revolucija v slovenskem pesništvu
Authors: Dović Marijan
Published: May 2023

Konec 19. stoletja je slovensko literarno polje pretresel nastop novoromantične umetniške generacije. Med začetniki slovenske »moderne« je daleč največ prahu dvignil Ivan Cankar s pesniško zbirko Erotika – njen izid je namreč pospremil odmeven recepcijski škandal. Cankarjev knjižni prvenec, pristni sadež pesništva slovenske dekadence, je takoj po izidu marca 1899 večinoma pokupil in požgal ljubljanski škof Anton Bonaventura Jeglič. Poseg, ki ga je liberalni tisk izkoristil za frontalni napad na »inkvizicijsko« mentaliteto klerikalnega tabora, je ambicioznega mladega literata postavil v središče zanimanja kot znanilca erotične revolucije v slovenski poeziji. Razprava uvodoma oriše potek slovite cenzurne epizode, nato pa s pozornim branjem Erotike – zlasti najbolj problematičnega cikla »Dunajski večeri« – pokaže, zakaj je zbirka morala v ogenj. Kot se izkaže v nadaljevanju s pomočjo kratke primerjave s sodno prepovedanimi pesmimi iz Baudelairejevih Rož zla, razvpitega škofovega posega v resnici ni mogoče označiti za cenzuro v strogem smislu, saj za njim ni (več) stal represivni državni aparat: Jeglič se v tej epizodi bolj kot omnipotentni inkvizitor izkaže kot karikirani cenzor brez dejanske izvršne moči. Cankarja so kot angažiranega pisatelja resnično boleči posegi uradne cesarske cenzure doleteli šele nekaj let pozneje.
Écrire à l’intérieur de la “frontière-monde”
Authors: Ferraro Alessandra
Published: May 2023

Ce numéro spécial de la revue se focalise sur des productions artistiques féminines qui gardent des traces mnésiques de la colonisation française. Le regard s’élargit, donc, embrassant d’autres mers et d’autres continents, notamment l’Afrique et l’Asie. La mer, traversée jadis par les colonisateurs et les négriers et aujourd’hui sillonnée à rebours par les migrants, est l’espace que traverse une très dense “frontière-monde” qu’explorent, en utilisant le français comme langue de leur création, les écrivaines, artistes et intellectuelles aux origines multiples dont les œuvres sont analysées ici.
Une question de regard? La marque coloniale chez les écrivaines afropéennes
Authors: Bricco Elisa
Published: May 2023

Fatou Diome, Léonora Miano et Lisette Lombé sont des écrivaines afropéennes qui mettent en relief la stigmatisation de l’appartenance raciale dans les discours et les comportements sociaux. Elles témoignent de la persistance d’une approche de matrice coloniale qui se manifeste de manière implicite dans les actions, dans les choix, dans les discours. L’analyse de trois ouvrages permettra de mettre en lumière comment la littérature traite de ces situations.
Mémoires, fractures et stratégies de survie dans l’écriture théâtrale féminine contemporaine aux Caraïbes (Maryse Condé, Gaël Octavia, Marie-Thérèse Picard)
Authors: Rolla Chiara
Published: May 2023

L’étude se penche sur trois pièces de trois auteures caribéennes : La Faute à la vie de Maryse Condé (2009), Rhapsodie de Gaël Octavia (2020), La Médaille de Marie-Thérèse Picard (2014). À travers leurs ouvrages qui témoignent de la pluralité et de la force de créativité de la production artistique des Antilles, on met en évidence comment ce théâtre ultramarin contemporain au féminin dit et traduit la souffrance de l’exil et de la séparation, les difficultés du rapport au passé et aux origines, la violence et les fractures des relations humaines dans une société inégalitaire où dominent encore les conflits entre les sexes et les races.
Gisèle Halimi et la responsabilité anticolonialiste : une avocate à l’intersection des engagements
Authors: Kassab-Charfi Samia
Published: May 2023

Cette contribution souligne l’importance des écrits de Gisèle Halimi (Le Lait de l’oranger, 1988), pour la mémoire des oppressions coloniales au Maghreb (guerre d’Algérie), en considérant les convergences entre la cause des colonisés et la “cause des femmes” (1973), en vertu d’un humanisme qui récuse le sectarisme identitaire.
Elisa Chimenti (Naples 1883-Tanger, 1969) : écrivaine en exil, arabophile et antifasciste
Authors: Cederna Camilla M.
Published: May 2023

Elisa Chimenti, écrivaine, journaliste, anthropologue, d’origines italiennes, a vécu toute sa vie à Tanger (Maroc). Symbole du dialogue interculturel, elle a consacré son œuvre à la sauvegarde et à la diffusion du patrimoine culturel féminin marocain, mettant systématiquement en discussion les préjugés issus de la mentalité coloniale.
An Introduction to NeutroHyperstructures on Some Chemical Reactions
Authors: Agusfrianto Fakhry Asad , Al Tahan Madeleine , Mahatma Yudi
Published: May 2023

Algebraic hyperstructure is a generalized form of the ordinary algebraic structures. Research on algebraic hyperstructures can focus on the theory and its applications. In this chapter, the discussion will focus on the application of algebraic hyperstructures in chemistry. Algebraic hyperstructures play a role in investigating the types of structures found in a chemical reaction. Furthermore, the concept of algebraic hyperstructures is associated with the concept of NeutroAlgebra so that a new type of structure called NeutroHyperstructures is obtained. In this chapter the types of NeutroHyperstructures contained in some chemical reactions will be investigated along with the application of these NeutroHyperstructures.
The Use of ICT in the English Classroom for Spanish Secondary Education Students With Dyslexia
Authors: Rubio Antonio Daniel Juan
Published: May 2023

This chapter focuses on the analysis of the learning difficulties for students with dyslexia in secondary education to learn English as a foreign language. It will look closer at which information and communication technologies psychologists and other experts on dyslexia disorders recommend to foreign language teachers in order to tackle the problems that Spanish dyslexic students face when learning English. This proposal will highlight the importance of giving foreign language teachers the needed ICT tools, the instruction, and the strategies to better support dyslexic students as they learn English as a second language at secondary education in Spain. This chapter analyzes, on the one hand, the educational potential of ICTs and, on the other, the inclusive role of the implementation of multisensory methodologies in teaching and learning processes in general and, especially, for learning foreign languages with dyslexic students.
Study on Finite Element Method for Solving Stress Concentration Problem
Authors: Zhou Yang , Bai Zhi Jun , Zeng Lin Feng , Gong Xiang
Published: May 2023

Stress concentration is a complex problem in material mechanics, especially in Aeronautics and Astronautics applications, the concentrated stress will do great harm to the safe operation of the launch vehicle. Therefore, it is a common practice to simulate and verify the structural design or manufacturing process in the use of materials and dynamics. This paper first introduces the problem of stress concentration in aerospace, demonstrates the necessity and importance of studying this problem, at the same time, puts forward a stress concentration solution based on finite element method, which simplifies the geometric model by using symmetrical characte-ristics, so as to reduce the batch data of analysis. Compared with the conventional analysis using Patran and NASTRAN, its geometric model has a higher degree of discretization, The superiority and reliability of this method are verified by two examples. The results show that this finite element method is more accurate and effective in dealing with stress concentration problems, especially complex geometric models, and has high value for engineering practice.
Building Augmented Reality Integrated Automated Supervisory Flush Valve Testing System
Authors: Tran Ngoc Huy , Le Xuan Thuyen
Published: May 2023

The plastic manufacturing industry, like many other manufacturing industries, is going through great and rapid changes since the 4th industrial revolution. In addition to more conventional innovations such as factory automation, this industry has started to experience more advanced technologies like Internet of Things, augmented reality,... This article presents a case study on the applicability of automation and several technologies from the 4th industrial revolution to the plastic manufacturing industry. To be more specific, the article will demonstrate the process of building a semi-automated flush valve testing system to replace the manual testing process and integrating monitoring, data acquisition, and augmented reality technologies into the above system. The results compared with the manual testing process at a sanitary accessory manufacturing in Vietnam show that the application of those technologies is possible and can solve many issues commonly found in the manual testing process.
Discussion on Fatigue Life Analysis Methods for Connecting Bolts of the Top Cover of Water Pump Turbines
Authors: Li Hai Bo , Chen Liu , Li Cheng Jun , Hu Kun , Qiu Lan , Zhang Xin , Chen Shun Yi , Wang De Lou , Yin Miao Miao
Published: May 2023

Under the joint action of dynamic and static loads, the connecting bolts of the top cover of the pump turbine are prone to cumulative damage in local areas such as threads, resulting in cracks or development, and fatigue fracture may occur in severe cases, which will cause serious safety accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out accurate fatigue life estimation analysis for connecting bolts, which has always been a hot spot and difficulty in the industry. This paper introduces several commonly used fatigue life analysis methods of parts, combined with the force characteristics and structural characteristics of the connecting bolts of the top cover, and analyzes and discusses the fatigue life analysis methods suitable for the top cover bolts. Finally, it is believed that the application of stress-strain field strength method can better describe the actual state of the bolt danger area, and the current damage state has an influence on the amount of damage generated by further loading, and the fatigue life analysis of connecting bolts can be combined with the stress-strain field strength method and variable damage linear cumulative damage theory, and the fatigue life and residual fatigue life can be estimated in the design stage or after the phased service of the bolt.
Serum Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase as an indicator of the quantity of callus formation in mandibular fracture patients seen in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Taofeek Akinniyi , Olawunmi Fatusi , Tewogbade Adedeji , Oluwagbemiga Ayoola , Patrick Akinyemi , Olusola Fajobi
Published: May 2023

It is important to evaluate the level of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase as it relates to the quantity of callus formed in mandibular fracture healing. The objective of the present study was to assess Serum Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BsALP) as an indicator of callus formation in patients with mandibular fracture and determine the relationship between BsALP and callus formation using two treatment methods. Fifty-five patients with isolated mandibular fractures were enrolled. BsALP was measured at presentation, 3rd and 6th week. The patients were recruited into two treatment groups: Closed Reduction with Mandibulomaxillary Fixation (MMF) and Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF). The Callus Index was measured at 3rd and 6th week after treatment using digital postero-anterior view of the jaws on DICOM viewer software. The mean value of BsALP was 26.2±9.5 ng/mL. BsALP concentration in patients with double site fractures was higher than those with a single fracture, p=0.102. Peak serum BsALP observed in the 3rd week post-intervention was (28.1±8.2 ng/mL). Statistically significant differences were observed between the BsALP concentration in the 3rd and 6th week, and between BsALP concentration at presentation and 6th week, p<0.001, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the Callus Index and mean serum BsALP at 6 weeks (r=-0.08, p=0.580). MMF treatment group had higher levels of serum BsALP compared with ORIF group in the 3rd week (p=0.14) and in the 6th week (p=0.18). BsALP is an indicator of the amount of callus formed in patients treated for mandibular fractures. Hence, it could be used as an adjunct to monitor the healing of mandibular fractures.
Il desiderio, la violenza e l’identità: un percorso psicologico
Authors: Bernetti Andrea
Published: May 2023

Il lavoro intende presentare alcuni elementi teorici e metodologici relativi all’intervento psicologico rivolto agli autori di violenza, frutto di una esperienza decennale in questo specifico ambito. Con questo articolo si propone di valorizzare la domanda d’intervento dell’autore di violenza e si offre un approfondimento teorico sui concetti di ‘desiderio mimetico’ e ‘desiderio dell’identità’.
Liberami dalla rabbia, Amen: eliminare o accogliere, dal sintomo all’identità
Authors: Bernetti Andrea
Published: May 2023

Non disponibile.
Commento al caso clinico: Liberami dalla rabbia, Amen
Authors: Fedeli Alessia
Published: May 2023

Non disponibile.
The choice of bridging stents in fenestrated endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Niu Fang , Bi Jiaxue , Li Peng , Luo Guangze , Pan Hongrui , Chen Yonghui , Qu Chao , Liu Zongwei , Zhang Xiaoxing , Dai Xiangchen
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE:

To study the medium and long-term patency and endoleak rate of visceral arteries in fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (fEVAR), and explore the strategies for bridging stent selection.

METHODS:

The clinical data of 44 patients with thoracoabdominal aneurysms, infrarenal short-necked aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection involving the visceral artery treated using fEVAR were reviewed. The indications for stents for different visceral vessels were evaluated.

RESULTS:

A total of 104 target vessels were revascularized with 7 scallops and 97 fenestrations. Among them, 12 were without stents and 92 were bridged with 96 stent-grafts, including 28 uncovered stents and 68 covered stents. The success rate of the one-time placement of bridging stents was 95.7% (88/92). The overall Type-I endoleak rate was 2.9% (3/104), and the overall visceral stent patency rate was 97.1%. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that the critical distances between the celiac trunk artery, superior mesenteric artery (SMA), renal artery, and aneurysm were 10.25 mm, 4.3 mm, and 10.05 mm, respectively, for selecting covered stents or uncovered stents and 12.4 mm for SMAs with or without stents.

CONCLUSION:

The branch-to-aneurysm distance may be important for bridging stents choice in fEVAR.
A Comprehensive Study on Signal Transduction and Therapeutic Role of miR-877 in Human Cancers
Authors: Rafat Milad , Kohsarian Mahdis , Bahiraei Mohamad , Nikpoor Amin R.
Published: May 2023

MicroRNAs are a group of short non-coding RNAs (miRNAs), which are epigenetically involved in gene expression and other cellular biological processes and can be considered as potential biomarkers for cancer detection and support for treatment management. This review aims to amass the evidence in order to reach the molecular mechanism and clinical significance of miR-877 in different types of cancer. Dysregulation of miR-877 level in various types of malignancies as bladder cancer, cervical cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer, glioblastoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), hepatocellular carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), oral squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer (OC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have reported, significantly increase or decrease in its level, which can be indicated to its function as oncogene or tumor suppressor. MiR-877 is involved in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through cell cycle pathways in cancer. MiR-877 could be potential a candidate as a valuable biomarker for prognosis in various cancers. Through this study, we proposed that miR-877 can potentially be a candidate as a prognostic marker for early detection of tumor development, progression, as well as metastasis.
Temporal Bone Fracture and Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea: The Role of Acetazolamide
Authors: Zulkaflay Muhammad Sallehin , Maktar Juliana Fairuz , Abdullah Asma
Published: May 2023

Breach in the leptomeninges of the temporal bone may lead to leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space and present as CSF otorrhea. Traumatic CSF otorrhea is one of the most troublesome conditions associated with head trauma. Persistent CSF fistula, meningitis, or even death may complicate it. We present a 38-year-old male who sustained left CSF otorrhea secondary to head trauma following an accidental fall. High-resolution computed tomography revealed a complex comminuted fracture at the left temporal bone extending from the mastoid part of the temporal bone until the petrous apex. He was managed conservatively and had a resolution of the leakage after 5 days of injury. We report this case to uphold the role of acetazolamide as part of the conservative management in traumatic CSF otorrhea.
Pseudo Air–Bone Gap in Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Effect of Signal Frequency and Degree of Hearing Loss – Implications for Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Vijayasarathy Srikar , Shetty Hemanth Narayan
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Pseudo air–bone gaps (ABGs) in the audiogram can lead to a false diagnosis of middle ear pathology where none exists. While it is known that the magnitude of such false ABGs are frequency dependent, the effect on the severity of hearing loss on this relationship needs more clarity.

Objective:

The purpose of the study was to identify frequencies that are susceptible to pseudo-ABGs and investigate the effect of the degree of hearing loss on the magnitude of such air–bone gaps.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective analysis of the ABG in three degrees of sensorineural hearing loss: mild (26–40 dB HL), moderate (41–55 dB HL), and moderately severe (56-70 dB HL) was carried out. One hundred and fifty samples were considered in each category (18–60 years). Differences across frequencies and degree of hearing loss were assessed.

Results:

Large ABGs were observed at 250 Hz and 4000 Hz, and the ABGs significantly increased with the degree of hearing loss at 250 Hz and 500 Hz.

Conclusions:

Caution needs to be exercised while interpreting the ABG at the low frequencies and 4000 Hz, especially when the degree of hearing loss is moderate and higher, to avoid the misdiagnosis of a conductive component in a sensorineural pathology.
Vitamin A on Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Expression and Otorrhea Score in Benign Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors: Naftali Zulfikar , Lasminingrum Lina , Astuti Meira Dewi Kusuma
Published: May 2023

Background:

Benign Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a middle ear inflammation characterized by otorrhea with perforation in the central tympanic membrane. Topical ofloxacin as a standard therapy in this type of CSOM has limitations in reducing otorrhea score. Vitamin A supplementation could be given simultaneously with topical ofloxacin because of its property as a regulator of the local immune response in the middle ear.

Objectives:

This study aimed to analyse the effect of vitamin A supplementation on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and otorrhea score in benign CSOM patients.

Materials and Methods:

The pre-experimental method with post-test only control group approach was held from January to March 2020 at Rembang Regional Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia. The subjects of the study were benign CSOM patients aged 18-60 years who did not consume antibiotics or steroids for two weeks prior to the study. Subjects of the study were divided into two groups. The standard (control) group was given topical ofloxacin as standard therapy while the intervention group was given topical ofloxacin in combination with Vitamin A supplementation. The subjects consisted of 21 subjects in the standard group and 10 subjects in the intervention group.

Results:

The percentage of TNF-α expression in intervention group was 64.20 ± 36.18, while the percentage in the standard group was 91.10 ± 11.3. The result of the independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.016; 95% CI = 9.41-44.37). There was a significant difference in the otorrhea score between the two groups (P = 0.003).

Conclusion:

There was a significant difference in TNF-α expression and the otorrhea score between the standard and the intervention group.
Application of Finite Element Model of Middle Ear in the Study of the Middle Ear Biomechanics in Normal and Diseased States
Authors: Parveen Sana , Jain Shraddha , Disawal Ashish , Singh Chandraveer , Deshmukh Prasad , Gaurkar Sagar , Ashraf Sameer
Published: May 2023

Aim:

The aim of this study was to create a three-dimensional model of the middle ear by finite element (FE) analysis, using measurements performed on human and cadaveric high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) temporal bone, and to study the biomechanics in diseased conditions.

Materials and Methods:

This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi, Meghe, Maharashtra, in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology. The first step of FE modeling approach comprised computer-aided geometric model incorporating the static dimensions from human and cadaveric temporal bones and dynamic dimensions from prepublished data. HRCT Scans of both sets of temporal bones were performed with 0.5 mm cuts, and measurements of the ossicles, middle ear, and tympanic membrane were taken. The cadaveric temporal bones were drilled, the ossicles dissected out and measured using HRCT as well as vernier calipers. This was followed by construction of the working FE model and application of this FE model for studying middle ear biomechanics in normal and diseased states.

Results:

The mean measurements of ossicles were calculated, and the movement of tympanic membrane was maximum at the site of umbo and stapes footplate, whereas minimum movement was within the ossicles. Larger peak-to-peak displacement was seen at 1000 Hz to 3000 Hz frequency. Our results suggest that FE model can prove beneficial in the study of middle ear biomechanics.

Conclusion:

The changes in the tympanic membrane movement in diseased state have been compared to normal ear and can be applied to reconstructed ears. FE analysis can be used to study the effect of material properties of various graft materials used in tympanomastoidectomy.
Multidisciplinary treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Zhiyuan , Tu Huaiyu , Qiu Shuzhong , Dong Xiaoyu , Zhang Yonghui , Ma Chao , Li Peiyu
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of multidisciplinary treatment for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) who underwent radical gastrectomy.

Patients and Methods:

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness of surgery alone, adjuvant chemotherapy (CT), adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), neoadjuvant CT, neoadjuvant RT, neoadjuvant CRT, perioperative CT and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for LAGC were searched. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence and metastasis, long-term mortality, adverse events (grade ≥3), operative complications and R0 resection rate were used as outcome indicators for meta-analysis.

Results:

Forty-five RCTs with 10077 participants were finally analysed. Adjuvant CT had higher OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.74, 95% credible interval [CI] = 0.66–0.82) and DFS (HR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.60–0.74) than surgery-alone group. Perioperative CT (odds ratio [OR] = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.19–5.50) and adjuvant CT (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.27–0.86) both had more recurrence and metastasis than HIPEC + adjuvant CT, while adjuvant CRT tended to have less recurrence and metastasis than adjuvant CT (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.29–2.42) and even adjuvant RT (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 0.98–3.40). Moreover, the incidence of mortality in HIPEC + adjuvant CT was lower than that in adjuvant RT (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.11–0.72), adjuvant CT (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.23–0.86) and perioperative CT (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.05–5.41). Analysis of adverse events (grade ≥3) showed no statistically significant difference between any two adjuvant therapy groups.

Conclusion:

A combination of HIPEC with adjuvant CT seems to be the most effective adjuvant therapy, which contributes to reducing tumour recurrence, metastasis and mortality – without increasing surgical complications and adverse events related to toxicity. Compared with CT or RT alone, CRT can reduce recurrence, metastasis and mortality but increase adverse events. Moreover, neoadjuvant therapy can effectively improve the radical resection rate, but neoadjuvant CT tends to increase surgical complications.
Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis oesophagectomy
Authors: Rajan Shiv , Kumar Vijay , Chaturvedi Arun , Chaudhary Ajay Kumar , Gonzalez-Rivas Diego
Published: May 2023

Standard minimally invasive Ivor Lewis oesophagectomy is performed through a multiport technique using carbon dioxide. However, access to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is increasingly shifting to a single-port approach due to its proven safety and efficacy in lung surgeries. Therefore, the preamble of this submission is to describe, ‘How I do differently’ uniportal VATS MIO in three major steps: (a) VATS dissection through a single 4-cm incision in a semi-prone position without artificial capnothorax; (b) fluorescence dye to check conduit perfusion and (c) intrathoracic overlay anastomosis with a linear stapler.
The Incidence and Risk Factors for Barotrauma in COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit, a Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Yildirim Süleyman , Kirmizigül Engin , Uçar Hüseyin , Ediboglu Özlem , Kirakli Cenk
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives:

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) led to respiratory failure and is sometimes complicated with barotrauma. The knowledge about risk factors for the development of barotrauma is scarce and conflict. We aimed to examine the incidence and risk factors for the development of barotrauma in COVID-19 patients who followed up in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Materials and Methods:

Patients who admitted to ICU from March 15, 2020, to March 31, 2022 were included in the study and retrospectively screened for barotrauma. Patients with barotrauma at ICU admission were excluded from the study. A multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors for the development of barotrauma.

Results:

A total of 1113 patients were included in the study, 676 (60.7%) of them were COVID-19. During the study period, at least one barotrauma event was observed in 96 (8.6%) patients. Barotrauma was more common in patients with COVID-19 than non-COVID-19 patients (10.9% vs. 5%, P = 0.001). Positive pressure ventilation was found as the strongest independent risk factor for the development of barotrauma (odds ratio [OR] = 8.80, confidence intervals [CI], 3.88–19.98, P < 0.001). Steroid use also increased the development of barotrauma (OR = 3.45, CI, 1.78–6.67, P = 0.005). Patients with barotrauma had longer length of ICU stay and higher mortality rate than patients without barotrauma.

Conclusion:

Patients with COVID-19 have a higher risk for the development of barotrauma. Barotrauma is associated with longer ICU stay and increased mortality. Positive pressure ventilation and steroid use are the independent risk factors for barotrauma.
Diagnostic Role of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopy in the Management of Indeterminate Pleural Effusion
Authors: Eze NJ , Nwagboso CI , Ogbudu SO , Chidiebere E , Bassey OO , Etiuma AU
Published: May 2023

Background:

The management of pleural effusion usually involves the drainage of the effusion, identification, and treatment of the underlying cause (s). Studies have shown that the initial diagnostic techniques do not give conclusive diagnosis in some cases of pleural effusion. This group of patients described as patients with indeterminate or undiagnosed pleural effusion constitutes a significant proportion of patients with pleural effusion in clinical practice. In this study, we examined the role of video-assisted thoracoscopy (VAT) in the diagnostic work-up of these patients.

Aim:

To determine the diagnostic outcome of VAT in the management of indeterminate pleural effusion in our center.

Patients and Methods:

Consecutive patients who presented with pleural effusions and who met the inclusion criteria had video-assisted thoracoscopy for diagnostic purposes. Outcome measures including the diagnostic yield, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of VAT in patients with indeterminate pleural effusion, duration of the procedure, duration of hospitalization after the procedure, and complications for all the patients were documented and analyzed.

Results:

Of the 22 patients with indeterminate pleural effusion, conclusive diagnosis was obtained in 18 (81.8%) with a sensitivity of 91.7% [95% confidence interval (CI); 61.5–99.8%], specificity of 100% (95% CI; 69.1–100%), PPV of 100% (95% CI; 0–100%), and NPV of 90.9% (95% CI; 60.5–98.5%) for malignancy and a sensitivity of 78% (95% CI; 40–97%), a specificity of 100% (95% CI; 75.3–100%), PPV of 100% (95% CI; 0–100%), and NPV of 86.7% (95% CI; 65.7–95.7%) for tuberculosis.

Conclusion:

Our results show that video-assisted thoracoscopy plays a useful role in our center in obtaining diagnosis in patients with indeterminate pleural effusion.
Comparison of Preoperative Anxiety, Bruxism, and Postoperative Pain Among Patients Undergoing Surgery for Septoplasty, Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, and Tympanoplasty
Authors: Atar Y , Karaketir S , Sari H , Çelik C , Aydogdu I , Karaketir SG , Saltürk Z , Kumral TL , Tutar B , Berkiten M , Anarat MEA , Berkiten G
Published: May 2023

Background:

Septoplasty, endoscopic sinus surgery, and tympanoplasty are the most commonly performed elective functional ear–nose–throat surgeries. Aim: This study investigated the relationship between preoperative anxiety, bruxism, and postoperative pain in inpatient groups undergoing three different functional otorhinolaryngologic surgeries. Patients and

Methods:

This study was conducted in a single center of a tertiary referral hospital. The patients (n = 90) who had undergone septoplasty (group A), endoscopic sinus surgery (group B), and tympanoplasty (group C) were included. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire and the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety Information Scale (APAIS) were administered. To evaluate bruxism, a self-questionnaire was administered, and for the evaluation of pain, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was administered.

Results:

In group C, preoperative STAI and APAIS and early and late pain values were higher than in the other groups. When patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of bruxism. A significant difference was found between the preoperative STAI and immediate and late VAS values (P < 0.001). A strong correlation was observed between APAIS and early and late VAS values in group C (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Patients who will undergo tympanoplasty should be aware of the preoperative anxiety level and pain follow-up. Bruxism can be considered a vital follow-up parameter that manifests due to high preoperative anxiety. It may also be useful to examine preoperative bruxism and take appropriate measures due to its pain-increasing effect in patients.
Determination and Comparison of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions Using Three Different Databases in Northern Cyprus Community Pharmacies
Authors: Alkhalid ZN , Birand N
Published: May 2023

Background:

Drug interactions are common drug-related problems that can lead to adverse drug reactions and hospitalization.

Aims:

The objectives of the study were to determine the potential drug–drug interactions (pDDIs) in Northern Cyprus community pharmacies and to compare three electronic databases regarding the frequency, mechanism, and severity of drug–drug interactions.

Material and Methods:

A retrospective observational study was conducted between July 1 and September 30, 2021, in Northern Cyprus community pharmacies using the Drugs.com, Lexicomp, and Medscape databases. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to determine the difference between the values of the databases. Pearson's correlation was used to determine the association between DDIs and polypharmacy.

Results:

A total of 558 (52.1%) of 1072 prescriptions were included in the study. Drugs.com, Lexicomp, and Medscape databases detected 185, 176, and 213 potential drug–drug interactions in patients' prescriptions, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in moderate drug interactions between the Medscape and Lexicomp databases (p = 0.02). Pearson's correlation showed a weak association (Medscape: r = 0.296, Lexicomp: r = 0.341, Drugs.com: r = 0.289, P = 0.0001) between pDDIs and polypharmacy. The assessment of agreement on severity of pDDIs characterized by Drugs.com and Lexicomp databases using the Kappa index was moderate agreement (0.509, P = 0.0001), while Drugs.com and Medscape databases using the Kappa index were moderate agreement (0.442, P = 0.0001), and Lexicomp and Medscape databases using the Kappa index were fair agreement (0.365, P = 0.0001).

Conclusions:

This study showed that Medscape detected more potential DDIs than Drugs.com and Lexicomp. Therefore, we propose that more than one database should be used to evaluate and identify pDDIs in pharmacy.