bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic burden of bronchiectasis in Germany
Authors: Diel Roland , Chalmers James D. , Rabe Klaus F. , Nienhaus Albert , Loddenkemper Robert , Ringshausen Felix C.
Published: December 2018

Estimates of healthcare costs for incident bronchiectasis patients are currently not available for any European country.

Out of a sample of 4 859 013 persons covered by German statutory health insurance companies, 231 new bronchiectasis patients were identified in 2012. They were matched with 685 control patients by age, sex and Charlson Comorbidity Index, and followed for 3 years.

The total direct expenditure during that period per insured bronchiectasis patient was EUR18 634.57 (95% CI EUR15 891.02–23 871.12), nearly one-third higher (ratio of mean 1.31, 95% CI 1.02–1.68) than for a matched control (p<0.001). Hospitalisation costs contributed to 35% of the total and were >50% higher in the bronchiectasis group (ratio of mean 1.56, 95% CI 1.20–3.01; p<0.001); on average, bronchiectasis patients spent 4.9 (95% CI 2.27–7.43) more days in hospital (p<0.001). Antibiotics expenditures per bronchiectasis outpatient (EUR413.81) were nearly 5 times higher than those for a matched control (ratio of mean 4.85, 95% CI 2.72–8.64). Each bronchiectasis patient had on average 40.5 (95% CI 17.1–43.5) sick-leave days and induced work-loss costs of EUR4230.49 (95% CI EUR2849.58–5611.20). The mortality rate for bronchiectasis and matched non-bronchiectasis patients after 3 years of follow-up was 26.4% and 10.5%, respectively (p<0.001). Mortality in the bronchiectasis group was higher among those who also had chronic obstructive lung disease than in patients with bronchiectasis alone (35.9% and 14.6%, respectively; p<0.001).

Although bronchiectasis is considered underdiagnosed, the mortality and associated financial burden in Germany are substantial.
Indoor air pollution impact on cultural heritage in an urban and a rural location in Romania: the National military museum in Bucharest and the Tismana monastery in Gorj County
Authors: Grøntoft Terje , Marincas Octaviana
Published: December 2018

Assessment was performed of the air quality related risk to the conservation of cultural heritage objects in one urban and one rural indoor location in Romania, with expected different air quality related conservation challenges: the National military museum in Bucharest and the Tismana monastery in Gorj County. The work was performed within and subsequent to the EU-Memori project by applying Memori methodology, Memori®-EWO (Early warning organic) dosimeters and passive pollution badge samplers for acetic and formic acids. The measurements in the National military museum were performed in three rooms with different exposure situations, and inside protective enclosures in the rooms. The rooms had organic and inorganic objects on exhibition and in store. The observed risks were associated with photo-oxidizing impact probably due to traffic pollutants entering from outdoor, and/or light exposure and temperature. The risks were found to be moderate, generally comparable to typical European purpose built museum locations. The highest risk was observed in a more open exhibition room in the main museum building. It was indicated that some observable change might happen to sensitive pigments and paper within 3 years, and to lead, copper and sensitive glass within 30 years in this location. Risk for observable change to sensitive pigments, paper, lead and sensitive glass within 30 years, was indicated in the other locations. The lowest risk was observed in a warehouse. A reduction in photo-oxidizing risk was measured in two of the enclosures, but a slightly higher acidic impact was measured in all the three enclosures, as compared to the respective rooms. In the Tismana monastery, a high level of acetic plus formic acid was observed in the air in the storerooms for icons and textiles, and books. Damage risk within 3 years was indicated for lead objects and sensitive glass, and within 30 years for iron and varnish (Laropal A81, resin mastic and dammar). As organic acid attack increases significantly at higher air humidity (> ~ 60%), this would be especially important to avoid. Risk for photo-oxidizing damage to paper and sensitive pigments within 30 years was indicated.
Adaptive singular spectrum analysis for seismic denoising and interpolation
Authors: Lari Hojjat Haghshenas , Naghizadeh Mostafa , Sacchi Mauricio D. , Gholami Ali
Published: December 2018

We have developed an adaptive singular spectrum analysis (ASSA) method for seismic data denoising and interpolation purposes. Our algorithm iteratively updates the singular-value decomposition (SVD) of current spatial patches using the most recently added spatial sample. The method reduces the computational cost of classic singular spectrum analysis (SSA) by requiring QR decompositions on smaller matrices rather than the factorization of the entire Hankel matrix of the data. A comparison between results obtained by the ASSA and SSA methods, in which the SVD applies to all of the traces at once, proves that the ASSA method is a valid way to cope with spatially varying dips. In addition, a comparison of the ASSA method with the windowed SSA method indicates gains in efficiency and accuracy. Synthetic and real data examples illustrate the effectiveness of our method.
Global Access to Essential Medicines for Childhood Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Cohen Phillip , Friedrich Paola , Lam Catherine , Jeha Sima , Metzger Monika L. , Qaddoumi Ibraham , Naidu Paula , Faughnan Lane , Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos , Bhakta Nickhill
Published: December 2018

Purpose

Global data mapping access to essential chemotherapeutics for pediatric cancer are scarce. We report a survey of international pediatric cancer care providers’ access to these medicines.

Methods

A Web-based survey was sent to pediatric oncologists registered on the Cure4Kids Web portal. We queried chemotherapeutics in the WHO Essential Medicines List for Children, from which the average proportional availability was summarized as each country’s access score. In addition, we examined availability of drug packages defined by the WHO-sanctioned Expert Committee for eight pediatric cancers. We undertook a sensitivity analysis investigating how regimen access would change if the cytotoxics specified in recent agreements between the Clinton Health Access Initiative, American Cancer Society, and pharmaceutical companies were universally available.

Results

There were significant ( P < .001) differences in the median access scores between World Bank income groups, and 42.9% of respondents from low-income and lower middle–income countries reported suboptimal access scores. Our disease-based analysis revealed that 42.1% of patients in low-income and lower middle–income countries lacked full access to chemotherapy packages. Guaranteed availability of the cytotoxics specified in the Clinton Health Access Initiative/American Cancer Society agreements was projected to increase this regimen-based access by 1.6%, although including four additional chemotherapeutics would further increase coverage by 13.9%.

Conclusion

This study is the first, to our knowledge, to assess worldwide variation in practical access to pediatric chemotherapy. Although mapping the proportion of available chemotherapeutics is informative, we also developed a meaningful estimate of access using disease-specific drug packages. These data provide an important baseline for continued monitoring and can aid in planning adaptive treatment guidelines that consider the trade-offs between access and outcomes.
Automating Treatment Summary Development Using Electronic Billing Information: A Pilot Study of Survivors of Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Baxi Shrujal S. , Sukhu Ranjit , Fortier Elizabeth , Oeffinger Kevin , Corcoran Stacie , Salner Andrew , Vickers Andrew J. , McCabe Mary S. , Salz Talya
Published: December 2018

PURPOSE:

Although the provision of a treatment summary (TS) is a quality indicator in oncology, routine delivery of TSs remains challenging. Automatic TS generation could facilitate use, but data on accuracy are lacking in complex cancers such as head and neck cancer (HNC). We developed and evaluated an electronic platform to automate TS generation for HNC.

METHODS:

The algorithms autopopulated TSs using data from billing records and an institutional cancer registry. A nurse practitioner used the medical record to verify the accuracy of the information and made corrections electronically. Inaccurate and missing data were considered errors. We described and investigated reasons for errors in the automatically generated TSs.

RESULTS:

We enrolled a heterogeneous population of 43 survivors of HNC. Using billing data, the information on primary site, lymph node status, radiation, and chemotherapy use was accurate in 93%, 95%, 93%, and 95% of patients, respectively. Billing data captured surgery accurately in 77% of patients; once an omitted billing code was identified, accuracy increased to 98%. Chemotherapies were captured in 90% of patients. Using the cancer registry, month and year of diagnosis were accurate in 91% of cases; stage was accurate in 28% of cases. Reprogramming the algorithm to ascertain clinical stage when pathologic stage was unavailable resulted in 100% accuracy. The algorithms inconsistently identified radiation receipt and treating physicians from billing data.

CONCLUSION:

It is feasible to automatically and accurately generate most components of TSs for HNC using billing and cancer registry data, although clinical review is necessary in some cases.
End-of-life Considerations and Shared Decision Making in Neurocritical Care
Authors: Lazaridis Christos
Published: December 2018

The goal of shared decision making in the neurocritical care setting is to form plans of care that are consistent with best medical practice and are respectful of the patient’s values. Close cooperation and meaningful interaction must be achieved with family members so that the patient’s “person can emerge” through discussions. This article highlights several caveats that can subvert this complex process, including the cognitive biases that affect both clinicians and surrogates. Impact, optimism, and gain-framing biases may be particularly relevant when considering patients who are receiving neurocritical care. Practitioners need to be cognizant of the distorting influences of these biases and make attempts to neutralize them. Quality of survival and the nature and degree of deficits are often the dominant concerns after patients experience acute severe brain injuries. Care should be taken to avoid conflating medical facts and value judgments when discussing prognoses.
Metabolic reprogramming during the Trypanosoma brucei life cycle
Authors: Smith Terry K. , Bringaud Frédéric , Nolan Derek P. , Figueiredo Luisa M.
Published: December 2018

Cellular metabolic activity is a highly complex, dynamic, regulated process that is influenced by numerous factors, including extracellular environmental signals, nutrient availability and the physiological and developmental status of the cell. The causative agent of sleeping sickness,Trypanosoma brucei, is an exclusively extracellular protozoan parasite that encounters very different extracellular environments during its life cycle within the mammalian host and tsetse fly insect vector. In order to meet these challenges, there are significant alterations in the major energetic and metabolic pathways of these highly adaptable parasites. This review highlights some of these metabolic changes in this early divergent eukaryotic model organism.
Relationship between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans in early childhood caries, evaluated by quantitative PCR
Authors: Bachtiar Endang W. , Bachtiar Boy M.
Published: December 2018

Background:The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship betweenCandida albicansandStreptococcus mutansin children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience.

Methods:Dental plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were taken from 30 subjects aged 3-5 years old, half with (n=15, dmft > 4) and half without (n=15) ECC. The abundance ofC. albicansandS. mutansand relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR). This method was also employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase (gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to perform statistical analysis.

Results:Within the ECC group, the quantity of both microorganisms were higher in the saliva than in dental plaque. The ratio ofC. albicansto total bacteria was higher in saliva than in plaque samples (p < 0.05). We observed the opposite forS. mutans(p < 0.05). The different value ofC. albicansandS. mutansin saliva was positively correlated, and negatively correlated in dental plaque. Transcription level ofS. mutans gtfBshowed a positive correlation withC. albicansconcentration in dental plaque. 

Conclusion:C. albicanshas a positive correlation with cariogenic traits ofS. mutansin ECC-related biofilm of young children.
Effects of maternal stress during pregnancy and up to two years after birth on risk of child overweight and obesity: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Cooney Jennifer , Flannery Caragh , Khashan Ali S. , Huizink Anja C. , Matvienko-Sikar Karen
Published: December 2018

Background: Childhood obesity presents a significant public health challenge globally. The period from conception to two years after birth, the first 1000 days, represents a critical period during which the experience of maternal stress may be related to the development of childhood obesity.  Research to date suggests some positive associations between maternal stress during the first 1000 days and childhood obesity, but findings are inconsistent and have not yet been comprehensively synthesised. The purpose of this review is to systematically examine the association between maternal stress during the first 1000 days and the risk of child overweight and obesity.

Methods: The following electronic databases will be searched from inception using a detailed search strategy: the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Maternity and Infant Care, and Web of Science. Cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies examining maternal stress during the first 1000 days and child overweight and obesity up to the age of 12 years will be included. Titles, abstracts and full articles will be screened by two investigators independently to identify eligible studies. A standardised data extraction form will be used to extract data including: study design; maternal stress exposure; child outcome; exclusion criteria; participant characteristics; and assessment methods. The Cochrane Collaboration’s bias classification tool for observational studies will be used to assess study quality. This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol (PRISMA-P) checklist, and the systematic review will be conducted and reported following the PRISMA checklist. If possible, random effects models will be used to perform meta-analyses.

Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this study as it will not involve conducting experimental research, nor include identifying personal data.  The systematic review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals.

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018100363
CG Centro Automotivo: como fênix, ressurgir das cinzas era necessidade
Authors: Da Silva Marília De Azevedo , Machado Mônica Cristina Rovaris , John Elaine
Published: December 2018

A CG Centro Automotivo iniciou seu negócio no ano de 1990 e atua há 27 anos no mercado. Atualmente comercializa produtos e presta serviços automotivos relacionados a toda parte de acessórios, aros e pneus, mecânica, lataria e pintura. O caso traz à tona a trajetória da empresa e um pouco de sua jornada, expondo uma situação crítica de crise, em que o gestor cria uma alternativa: terceirizar alguns setores. A partir dessa prática e após um tempo de terceirização, uma determinada empresa deixa de ser terceirizada e torna-se concorrente direta desta, na loja em frente, a aproximadamente dez metros da CG Centro Automotivo. Diante desta situação totalmente inesperada, o gestor primeiramente entende o ocorrido e logo se depara com algumas questões: O que deve ser feito? Quais decisões devem ser tomadas? Quais caminhos devem ser seguidos?
Fabricar ou Importar? Eis a Questão. O Caso da Indústria Spinbras
Authors: Ferreira Arildo , Linassi Rossano , Alberton Anete
Published: December 2018

O presente caso para ensino busca apresentar a trajetória da empresa do setor de metalurgia, a Spinbras, sua história, o começo difícil e sua evolução até os dias atuais em que se tornou uma grande empresa, referência em seu setor de atuação. Irineu precisa decidir os rumos de sua empresa, criada há tantos anos com a ajuda de seu pai e de seu irmão. O cenário econômico atual, a burocracia para importação, além da instabilidade econômica do Brasil e alta do dólar contrapõe um cenário de carência de mão de obra especializada atrelada as mais altas taxas trabalhistas do mundo. Por um lado, Irineu sabe de sua responsabilidade com os seus funcionários e suas famílias, por outro lado vê aqui uma oportunidade de viver melhor e em um cenário mais calmo. Importar ou continuar com a fábrica busca uma reflexão sobre os diversos temas que permeiam este caso podendo assumir o papel de Irineu enquanto gestor: analisar a empresa, buscando suas forças e fraquezas, oportunidades e ameaças em cada cenário apresentado, buscando a melhor situação para o futuro da empresa, seus donos e funcionários, neste último caso levando o discente a pensar sobre a responsabilidade social envolvida em grandes demissões. Ainda analisar as vantagens e desvantagens da importação da China, seus riscos e possibilidades, a multiculturalidade, além dos possíveis riscos de perder mercado no Brasil e América do Sul. A utilização deste caso é indicada para disciplinas da área de administração em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação.
Boundary crossing and learning: A study on "job rotation" situations
Authors: Guimarães Maria Isabel Peixoto , Lucena Jeane , Rocha-Pinto Sandra Regina Da
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to understand how individuals experience learning in the workplace, and shed light on possible factors that may contribute to an environment conducive to learning in organizations. A phenomenographic approach was chosen with the intention to capture the variation in individuals’ learning conceptions. The findings revealed three conceptions of learning: Learning resulting in individual change; learning resulting in collective practice (routine) change; and learning resulting in innovation. Those conceptions were explained by five explanatory dimensions: learning concept; learning drivers; learning content; learning means; learning obstacles; and learning meanings. The unveiling of how different learning experiences generate different levels of impacts on organizations and the proposal of some ways to enhance the transit from less complex learning experiences to more complex ones are the main contribution of this paper. (English)
Eficiência dos gastos municipais em educação no Paraná
Authors: Gresele Wanderson Dutra , Krukoski Franklin Ângelo
Published: December 2018

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência dos gastos públicos no ensino fundamental nos municípios do Estado do Paraná no ano de 2015. Para tal, utilizou-se da técnica de análise envoltória de dados (DEA), análise de correlações, análise de agrupamentos e testes de comparações de médias. Quanto aos resultados, apenas 13 municípios, dos 389 analisados, foram enquadrados como eficientes; constatou-se um relacionamento negativo fraco entre os investimentos em educação e escolas e positivo com docentes; a eficiência possui um relacionamento negativo forte com investimentos e escolas e negativo fraco com docentes, bem como um relacionamento positivo fraco com o IDEB; identificou também quatro grupos distintos de municípios, uma vez que alguns municípios alcançaram melhores resultados com menores aportes de recursos e outros que, mesmo realizando um significativo aporte de recursos, não obtiveram bons resultados.
Some features of the teaching of practice-oriented educational disciplines on the example of "activities of the operational criminal investigator during pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases" at Moscow University of MIA of Russia after V.J. Kikot
Authors: Иванов Дмитрий , Ivanov Dmitry , Горач Николай , Gorach Nikolay , Попенков Антон , Popenkov Anton
Published: December 2018

The article analyzes the experience of teaching at the Moscow University of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia named after V. Ya. Kikot experimental practice-oriented discipline "activity of operational criminal investigation officer in the course of pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases". The main emphasis is on classroom practical classes, independent work, examination. Considered the most typical training storylines for the investigation of criminal cases related to thefts, robberies, robberies and other, which the cadets under the guidance of teachers practice various skills, including drafting procedural documents. The article describes the features of the joint practical training of teachers of the Department of preliminary investigation and the Department of operational-investigative activities, as well as the subsequent acceptance of the exam in the form of exercises, which was tested in the course of previously repeated interuniversity operational tactical exercises, using complex forensic polygons.
Theoretical and practical aspects of antioxidant food development
Authors: Пастушкова Екатерина , Pastushkova Ekaterina , Фозилова Варвара , Fozilova Varvara
Published: December 2018

The monograph presents a methodological approach to the formation of food products for the population living in ecologically unfavorable areas. The level of ecological condition of Sverdlovsk region is analyzed, the level of morbidity of the population taking into account influence of technogenic factors is studied. The reduction of the influence of technogenic factors on the level of morbidity of the population and the choice of local medicinal technical raw materials growing in ecologically favorable areas are theoretically justified. The article presents the development of quality assessment and modeling of new tea products, studied consumer properties, the results of the study of antioxidant activity and the dynamics of quality and safety during storage.
The monograph is of practical interest for specialists engaged in the field of food industry, commodity science and public catering.
Earth science
Authors: Дьяченко В. , Dyachenko Vladimir , Дьяченко Лариса , D'yachenko Larisa
Published: December 2018

The textbook describes the features of the origin, development, structure and functioning of the earth's shells and the impact on them of the most common types of environmental management. From the standpoint of modern science shows the history of the formation of the biosphere, analyzed the causes and consequences of natural hazards associated with the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and technogenic transformation of the biosphere.
The complex of disciplines that make up the textbook is chosen to present the essence of the main natural science subjects required for students studying in the framework of a larger group of specialties and areas of training 20.00.00 "Technosphere safety and environmental engineering" in accordance with the requirements of the GEF in the last generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the directions 20.03.01 "Technosphere safety", 20.03.02"nature management and water use". The textbook can be used in the educational process for educational programs of the enlarged group of specialties 05.00.00 "earth Sciences", as well as areas 06.03.01 "Biology", 06.03.02 "soil science". The content of the textbook also allows you to use it as a short course in Geology, hydrology, hydrogeology, climatology and meteorology, soil science, landscape Geochemistry for training bachelors in related areas and specialties.
Developing Operations Research Practitioners: United States Air Force Academy Operations Research Program
Authors: Armacost Andrew , Lowe James , Pietz Jesse , Martin Kiel , Wilck Joseph , Ives Drew
Published: December 2018

This paper describes the four practical components of the USAFA OR program at the United States Air Force Academy and explains how the program produces good practitioners of OR for the Air Force.
Perks and pitfalls of peer review
Authors: Neubeck Lis , Thompson David , Sampson Michael
Published: December 2018

In our special December edition of the British Journal of Cardiac Nursing honouring the contribution of our peer reviewers and the integral role of the peer review process, Consultant Editor, Lis Neubeck interviews longstanding Board Member, David Thompson, and Consultant Editor, Michael Sampson, about the benefits of peer review, various approaches, and why it isn't always a perfect science
Infective endocarditis in the case of a patient with transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Habibi Hajar , Emmanuel Yaso , Chung Natali
Published: December 2018

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a cyanotic congenital heart defect, which is usually diagnosed and corrected early in life. The study reports on a case of an 18-year-old male with TGA who developed infective endocarditis (IE). He went on to have a lengthy inpatient admission for intravenous antibiotic therapy and required cardiac surgery to remove the infection from his endocardial surface and had a pulmonary valve replacement. He was closely monitored and received care from clinical nurse specialists, as part of a multidisciplinary team. This case study highlights the integral role of clinical nurse specialists as a first port of contact for patients and their families to receive support, education and information through various stages of their lives.
A clean alternative needed for the cigarette and the e-cigarette
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: December 2018

In this monthly feature, Sarah Jane Palmer delves into topical news, the latest research and what the experts are saying on subjects related to cardiology and cardiac nursing practice.
Faecal incontinence: investigation, treatment and management
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: December 2018

Faecal incontinence (FI) is a hidden problem that is under-diagnosed, under-investigated and under treated. Up to 10% of adults can experience an episode of FI. The prevalence of FI in the adult population has been estimated at 0.8–6.2%. Recent North American research indicates a prevalence of 8.3% in adults living in the community. This article explores the reasons why adults can develop FI, the importance of assessment, what treatments are available and how intractable FI can best be managed.
Nordic homecare nursing from the perspective of homecare nurses—a meta-ethnography
Authors: Martinsen Bente , Mortensen Anne Sofie , Norlyk Annelise
Published: December 2018

The pressure on homecare nursing in the Nordic countries has increased in recent years because of a reorganisation of healthcare systems that has put a focus on very early discharge from hospital as well as demographic changes. This article details an analysis of the findings of 13 published qualitative research reports about Nordic homecare nurses' experiences of their work. Using a process of meta-ethnography, the authors identify five themes within the primary research: home care as a professional practice on foreign ground; home care as a massive time constraint; home care as fair rationing; home care as relationships with relatives as fellow players or opponents; and home care as latent paternalism. These have two main implications for practice: homecare nurses should continuously be taught how to cooperate with partners who are emotionally involved; and also homecare nurses may benefit from training that focuses on the challenges of carrying out professional work in private settings
Influences on clinical decision-making during a community placement: reflections of a student nurse
Authors: Griffith Lynne , Board Michele
Published: December 2018

High quality care is dependent on good clinical judgement and often-complex decision making. Nurses need to be able to justify and defend their clinical decisions. In this article, a third-year nursing student reflects on an incident from a community placement involving a collaborative clinical decision. Carper's (1978) four fundamental patterns of knowing are used to analyse the decision-making process. It is shown that influences on decision-making include prior knowledge and expertise, law and accountability, and ethical principles such as respect for autonomy and beneficence. Good communication, interpersonal skills and a person-centred approach have a bearing on decision-making. It is argued that intuition also has a place and may be increasingly used with experience.
Can early detection prevent venous leg ulceration?
Authors: Porter Michelle
Published: December 2018

Venous leg ulceration is the most common form of leg ulceration, affecting 1.5% of the UK adult population. This was reviewed within the latest best practice statement (2016) which set out to create clear guidance on the assessment, management and preventing the reoccurrence of venous leg ulceration. With a growing elderly population at risk of venous insufficiency, early identification of those at risk is vital in the fight to reduce the number of people suffering with chronic venous ulceration. This article looks at the need for early assessment and commencement of appropriate treatment in order to reduce the occurrence of venous ulceration and improve clinical processes across the UK.
Monitoring service quality: Lindsay Leg Club member satisfaction survey
Authors: Lindsay Ellie
Published: December 2018

The Lindsay Leg Club network is a research-based initiative that provides treatment, health guidance, education and ongoing care for people of all age groups who are experiencing lower limb-related problems. Leg Club clinicians work in a unique partnership with patients (known as ‘members’) and the local community. Working to current best-practice guidelines, they provide a high standard of care in a social and friendly setting that promotes understanding, peer support and informed choice. This article presents the findings of a member satisfaction survey, through which we aimed to identify additional services we could provide or areas of improvement.
Asthma phenotypes and their impact on treatment
Authors: Gawlik-Lipinski Aleksandra
Published: December 2018

Patients with asthma can have varying characteristics, and therefore they need different treatments. Knowing asthma phenotypes can aid practice nurses to better understand how to best manage their patients' condition, as Aleksandra Gawlik-Lipinski describes

Asthma is characterised by the presence of a wheeze, a cough, breathlessness, tightness in the chest and various levels of airway obstruction ( Chapman et al, 2014 , British Thoracic Society and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, 2016 ). There is diversity among asthma patients and it was in the final decade of twentieth century that asthma was categorised into phenotypes ( Wenzel, 2012a ). A phenotype is an observable manifestation of the interaction between an individual's genotype and their environment ( Marieb and Hoehn, 2012 ). Traditionally, phenotypes are based on clinical, molecular and individual characteristics, designed to recognise different treatment requirements among asthma patients and deliver targeted therapy ( Chung et al, 2014 ). Apart from inhaled corticosteroids, eosinophilic, early- and late-onset asthma phenotypes benefit from leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) and monoclonal anti-immunoglobin E therapy; obesity-related, non-eosinophilic phenotype from weight management; and allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses from antifungal treatment ( Haldar et al, 2008 ; Moore et al, 2010 ; Wenzel, 2012b ). The treatments of early-onset, non-eosinophilic phenotype with LTRAs ( Bacci et al, 2006 ; Paggiaro and Bacci, 2011 ) and the neutrophilic phenotype solely with macrolide antibiotics ( Wenzel, 2012b ) continue to be debated.
Literary Animal Studies: Ethische Dimensionen des Literaturunterrichts
Authors: Kompatscher Gabriela
Published: December 2018

Gabriela Kompatscher widmet sich in ihrem Beitrag der Frage, wie Literatur unsere Einstellung zu Tieren beeinflussen kann und wie durch einen tiersensiblen Literaturunterricht bei Schüler/-innen Empathie für nichtmenschliche Tiere geweckt werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck muss in Literaturwissenschaft und Literaturdidaktik die anthropozentrische Perspektive überwunden und stattdessen ein theriozentrischer Zugang entwickelt werden. Eine tiersensible Literaturwissenschaft und entsprechende Literaturdidaktik gesteht auch nichtmenschlichen Tieren einen intrinsischen Wert zu und sieht sie als Individuen mit eigenen Erfahrungen und Interessen, bezieht ethische Überlegungen mit ein, berücksichtigt Kenntnisse aus der Psychologie, den Sozialwissenschaften und den Naturwissenschaften und versucht, den jeweiligen Tierstandpunkt miteinzubeziehen, also eine tiernahe Perspektive einzunehmen. Und ihr Ziel ist es, zu einer Verbesserung der Mensch-Tier-Verhältnisse beizutragen
La vida es un sueño drag
Authors: Peñuela Jorge
Published: December 2018

En este ensayo, expongo los resultados del proyecto de investigación Escrituras Artísticas. Mediante el concepto de escritura, relaciono algunas prácticas culturales marginales con producción artística de élite, las primeras se las encuentra en la calle y están orientadas a la reivindicación de derechos civiles, las segundas se localizan en galerías de arte o en museos y están centradas en el pensamiento de la forma. Tendiendo como referente el arte contemporáneo, presento algunos eventos gestionados por las comunidades LGBTI, como estrategia para propiciar el encuentro entre las prácticas artísticas propias de los museos y galerías de arte, y las prácticas de cabaret que realizan estas comunidades como entretenimiento y luchas de resistencia. En especial, destaco la estética drag y el activismo kuir.
Sísifos… una montaña en las espaldas, anhelos de una chispa dorada
Authors: Ospina Moreno Daniel
Published: December 2018

Este relato visual se produce sobre una experiencia, en la que busqué comprender desde adentro las dinámicas del extractivismo y sus impactos en la naturaleza y la sociedad, habitando por dos meses un contexto de extracción ilegal de oro. Esta vivencia se conecta con mi pregunta como artista que indaga por las expresiones y huellas del diálogo hombre-naturaleza en Colombia. Inquietud que me crea la necesidad de apropiar la geografía desde la vivencia. Así, también es clave aprender a leer desde los criterios de la ecología, la geología, la biología y la etnografía, procurando profundizar en leguajes para comprender esas complejas relaciones que modelan el paisaje. Me adentro en el contexto de Buriticá (Antioquia) en un momento de apogeo de la minería ilegal en el año 2016, con la intención de leer ese paisaje desde el punto de vista de quienes lo habitan y lo modelan.
The Interview, o los detalles de la instrucción según Farocki
Authors: Otxoteko Mikel
Published: December 2018

The Interview, la película de Harun Farocki, se centra en el ámbito del trabajo, particularmente en la entrevista laboral, como un espacio fundamental para examinar la sociedad neoliberal. De la mano de teóricos sociales como Goffman o Foucault, veremos algunas estrategias empleadas para pensar lo político desde la imagen. En un segundo punto, adoptando la perspectiva feminista de Rose-Marie Lagrave, profundizaremos en la noción de «realismo», un realismo cinematográfico mediante el cual desafía la realidad patriarcal en la que vivimos. Y, finalmente, estudiamos uno de los principales mecanismos expresivos del filme, que, cercano a la idea de «extrañamiento» de Bertolt Brecht, establece la base estructural del filme en torno a la confrontación de dos tipologías de la imagen, una de las cuales alude directamente a los ejercicios de disciplina y autoanálisis llevados a cabo por los instructores protagonistas del filme.
Aproximaciones a las nociones del territorio: ciudad, sentidos, mapas e imaginarios
Authors: Guerrero Nieto Yulieth , Mario Rodríguez Carlos
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo de revisión, surge del interés de los investigadores por el estudio de la ciudad entendida desde su dimensión intangible como territorio sensorial y perceptivo. De esta manera, se hace imperativa la revisión de referentes metodológicos, conceptuales y estéticos que permitan contextualizar el tema, articular los avances que hasta el momento se han desarrollado y determinar las diferentes categorías de análisis del mismo, para ser aplicados especialmente en las ciudades intermedias. En el texto, se abordan referentes que en primer lugar han estudiado la percepción sensorial de la ciudad como mecanismo generador de imaginarios urbanos y en segundo lugar el mapa, entendido como herramienta de materialización gráfica y visual de los fenómenos analizados en la interacción y apropiación del ciudadano con la ciudad. Todo ello, encaminado a la construcción y compresión de la imagen de la ciudad como territorio vivido por el habitante.
Kandungan Pigmen, Total Fenolik Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Sargassum sp.
Authors: Sedjati Sri , Supriyantini Endang , Ridlo Ali , Soenardjo Nirwani , Santi Victorina Yulina
Published: December 2018

Pigmen content, total phenolic compound and antioxidant activity Sargassum sp.   Sargassum sp. contains secondary metabolites which potentially act as natural source of antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to determine bioactive contents (pigments, total phenolic compounds), and antioxidant activities of Sargassum sp. The method of this research is descriptive-explorative.  Sample was extracted with methanol, while pigments extraction with aseton 80%.  Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids were carried out with spectrophotometer method. The total phenolic compounds were analyzed by spectrophotometer method using Follin-Ciocalteu reagent, and antioxidant activities were measured using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhidrazyl) method. The result of this research showed that methanol extract of Sargassum sp. had the presence of chlorophyll a 2.84 mg/g, chlorophyll b 1.15 mg/g, and carotenoids 2.63 μmol/g sample. The total phenolic compounds of methanol extract were 57.97 mg GAE/g sample. Methanol extract of Sargassum sp. was showing a strong antioxidant activity that could be seen in IC50 value (69,27 ppm) in less than 100 ppm concentration. Sargassum sp. mengandung beberapa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji komponen bioaktif (pigmen, total fenolik) dan aktivitas antioksidan dari rumput laut Sargassum sp. Metoda penelitian ini adalah diskriptif eksploratif.  Sampel Sargassum sp. basah diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi dengan pelarut  metanol, sedangkan ekstraksi pigmen menggunakan aseton 80%. Penentuan kadar pigmen (klorofil a, b, karotenoid ), total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan berdasarkan metode spektrofotometri. Total fenolik diukur berdasarkan uji Follin-Ciocalteu, dan   aktivitas antioksidan  berdasarkan uji DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhidrazyl). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak metanol Sargassum sp.  mengandung pigmen klorofil a sebesar 2,84 mg/g, klorofil b sebesar 1,15 mg/g, dan karotenoid sebesar 2,63 μmol/g. Kadar total fenolik ekstrak metanol adalah 57,97 mgGAE/g, sementara aktivitas antioksidannya  (IC50) sebesar 69,27 ppm.  Berdasarkan nilai IC50nya, ekstrak metanol Sargassum sp berpotensi sebagai antioksidan kuat (kurang dari 100 ppm).
PERLINDUNGAN HAK KONSTITUSIONAL OLEH MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI: PEMBATALAN LARANGAN PERNIKAHAN PEGAWAI SATU ATAP
Authors: Triastuti Septina Lia
Published: December 2018

Mahkamah Konstitusi mengabulkan perlindungan hak konstitusional pekerja yang melaksanakan pernikahan sesama pekerja dalam satu atap perusahaan. Sebelum terbit putusan Putusan Nomor 13/PUU-XV/2017, banyak pekerja kehilangan pekerjaan, merasa dirugikan, dan diskriminasi hak konstitunionalnya, sebagaimana diakomodir dalam Pasal 27 dan Pasal 28 UUD 1945. Setelah Pasal 153 ayat (1) UU Ketenagakerjaan dibatalkan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi, patut dianalisis bagaimana dampak putusan tersebut bagi undang-undang ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia serta konsekuensi hukumnya terhadap peraturan internal perusahaan. Setelah putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dimuat dalam Berita Negara Republik Indonesia, idealnya perusahaan-perusahaan di Indonesia harus melakukan penyesuaian terhadap ketentuan internal perusahaannya untuk mencegah timbulnya gugatan dari pihak-pihak terkait.
POLITIK HUKUM INDONESIA DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KONVENSI JENEWA 1949 TENTANG LAMBANG PALANG MERAH
Authors: Permanasari Arlina
Published: December 2018

Ratifikasi Konvensi Jenewa 1949 dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 59 Tahun 1958 mewajibkan Indonesia mengimplementasikan ketentuan tentang lambang Palang Merah. Adanya Keppres RIS Nomor 25 Tahun 1950, Peperti Nomor 1 Tahun 1962, Pasal 6 ayat(3b) Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2001 tentang Merek, dan Pasal 508-565 KUHP dianggap tidak memadai mengingat masih terdapat pelanggaran baik oleh perorangan maupun lembaga. Tulisan ini membahas perkembangan politik hukum dalam pembentukan aturan tentang lambang dalam periode 2010-2018. Berdasarkan analisis, faktor politik yang tercermin dalam partai politik dan faktor normatif berupa produk hukum yang saling bertentangan, dipengaruhi faktor sosial-ideologi yang mengidentikkan lambang Palang Merah dengan agama tertentu. Oleh karena itu setiap produk perundang-undangan harus tetap memperhatikan konsistensi dengan perundang-undangan lainnya dan menyesuaikan pengaruh sosial politik dan ideologi sejalan dengan Pancasila dan UUD 1945.
TANGGUNGJAWAB OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN DANA PENSIUN SYARIAH DI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
Authors: Yunita Ani , Setyaningrum Reni Budi , Annas Muhammad
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  pelaksanaan dan hambatan  pengelolaan dana pensiun di Lembaga Dana Pensiun Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta serta tanggungjawab Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Solo dalam menjalankan wewenang pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan dana pensiun di Lembaga Dana Pensiun Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian hukum ialah yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian diketahui pengelolaan dana pensiun di UMS telah berjalan sesuai dengan peraturan namun, ada beberapa hambatan yaitu Pendiri dan Dewan Pengawas Syariah masih belum mendapatkan Surat Pengangkatan dari Dewan Syariah Nasional dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Pengawasan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Solo terhadap pengelolaan dana pensiun syariah masih belum optimal. OJK dalam menegakkan syariah compliance bagi pelaku bisnis syariah di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah harus taat hukum.
Design and Characterization of Periodically Conductive Woven Fabric
Authors: Guan Fuwang , Li Zhaole , Yang Zhuli , Zhang Chuyang , Qiu Yiping
Published: December 2018

In this paper, a novel kind of electromagnetic (EM) functional textiles is proposed, which show high-pass characteristics as they interact with EM waves. The periodically conductive woven fabric was designed, fabricated, and measured. Specifically, by means of unit cell model building and EM simulation, the theoretical S21 (transmission coefficient) and S11 (reflection coefficient) curves were obtained. A concrete sample was fabricated through weaving process, and its transmission characteristics were measured in the microwave anechoic chamber. The measured and simulated results were highly consistent, demonstrating the validity of design process. Compared with the aluminum foil paper sample, the S21 values of fabricated sample were a little smaller, and the reason could be attributed to yarn crimp and surface roughness. The EM characteristics of fabricated sample under two different polarization modes were slightly different, which was due to the beating-up tension of weaving process. The work could offer new research ideas, and the related products have potential advantages over rigid plates on the account of textile characteristics.
Early Gothic numismatic [h]rustisandγουνθ/ιου
Authors: Mees Bernard
Published: December 2018

The inscriptions on two late Roman Iron Age coins conserved in the Ossolineum in Wrocław appear to record an early Gothic noun and name respectively. One, an imitation of an aureus of Severus Alexander, bears a runic text that seems best to be taken as [h]rustis›adornment‹. The other, an aureus of Postumus, appears to feature a nameGunþeisorGutteisscratched into it recorded in Greek letters. Both of the coins feature holes bored in them, indicating that they were formerly worn as pendants, much like the later Migration Age bracteates.
Revolution predigen, Karottensaft trinken?
Authors: Eversberg Dennis , Schmelzer Matthias
Published: December 2018

Bei Degrowth oder Postwachstum handelt es sich – wie bei jedem politisch-aktivistischen Akteursspektrum – nicht um einen einheitlichen Block, sondern um ein in jeder Hinsicht (praktisch, sozial, politisch) heterogenes, von vielfältigen Spannungslinien durchzogenes Feld. In bisherigen Arbeiten wurden hier vor allem die inhaltlich-politischen Positionierungen im Degrowth-Spektrum analysiert und entsprechende Strömungen unterschieden. Unter Einbeziehung von Daten zur aktivistischen und alltäglichen Praxis der Befragten entwickeln wir in diesem Artikel mit Hilfe einer Multiplen Korrespondenzanalyse einer Teilnehmendenbefragung der Leipziger Degrowth-Konferenz 2014 ein Gesamtbild, eine Art „Landkarte“, des sozialen Feldes des Degrowth-Spektrums, auf der Einstellungen und Praxis zueinander ins Verhältnis gesetzt werden.
Gefährliches Werben
Authors: Eversberg Dennis
Published: December 2018

Eine immer wieder geäußerte Kritik an Postwachstums- und Degrowth-Ansätzen unterstellt diesen unreflektierte Offenheiten und Anknüpfungspunkte für eine Unterwanderung oder Instrumentalisierung durch autoritär-nationalistische und völkisch-rassistische Akteure, oder gar stillschweigende Sympathie für deren Positionen. Der Beitrag geht dieser Kritik nach, indem er aufzeigt, in welcher Weise sich verschiedene rechte Gruppierungen und Autoren auf Wachstumskritik beziehen, wie sie sie zu vereinnahmen versuchen, und welche Argumente aus der wachstumskritischen Diskussion sich ihnen dafür besonders anbieten. Anschließend wird der Umgang der verschiedenen Strömungen von wachstumskritischer Debatte und Aktivismus in Deutschland mit solchen Avancen diskutiert, und es werden Anforderungen an eine ‚vereinnahmungsfeste‘ wachstumskritische Position herausgearbeitet.
Fructooligosaccharide Inhibits the Absorption of β-conglycinin (A Major Soybean Allergen) in IPEC-J2
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Zhang Shiyao , Zhang Xiaodong , Pan Li , Bao Nan , Qin Guixin
Published: December 2018

Dissecting the inhibited variation of allergen absorption could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic or preventive treatments for food/feed allergies. This study investigated the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on the absorption, intracellular accumulation of intact or hydrolysed β-conglycinin in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). As demonstrated by ELISA and immunoblotting, β-conglycinin was absorbed in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Actually, β-conglycinin was easily transported and absorbed after enzymatic hydrolysis. Three peptides (52 kDa, 30 kDa and 25 kDa) were produced during transcellular absorption of intact or hydrolysed β-conglycinin. FOS inhibited the absorption of β-conglycinin, especially the 52 and 30 kDa peptides. The immunoreactive peptides derived from the 52, 35 or 22 kDa peptides were the substrings of the known epitopes determined by mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analyses. These results indicate that FOS can efficiently inhibit the absorption of 52 and 30 kDa peptides derived from β-conglycinin.