bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behavior recognition algorithm based on a dual-stream residual convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhang Dawei
Published: November 2024

In the process of behavior recognition, the recognition operation may be carried out in various environments such as sunny, cloudy, and night. Since traditional recognition algorithms are judged by identifying the pixels of the image, the intensity of the light will affect the image. The brightness and contrast of the display thus interfere with the recognition results. Therefore, traditional algorithms are easily affected by the lighting environment around the recognition object. To improve the accuracy and recognition rate of the behavior recognition algorithm in different lighting environments, a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm using a dual-stream method of time flow and spatial flow is studied here. First, we collect behavioral action data sets and preprocess the data. The core of the behavior recognition algorithm of the dual-stream residual CNN is to use the time stream and the spatial stream to fuse behavioral features and eliminate meaningless data features. After processing Perform feature selection on the data, select the acoustic wave and light-sensing features of the data, and finally, use the extracted features to classify and identify using the two-stream residual CNN and the traditional behavior recognition method. The behavior recognition algorithm based on the dual-stream residual CNN was tested on the data of four groups of people. For the behavioral feature map with a data volume of 50, the behavior recognition algorithm of the dual-stream residual CNN was effective in various environments under different lighting conditions. The recognition accuracy can reach 83.5%, which is 12.3% higher than the traditional. The behavior recognition algorithm of the dual-stream residual CNN takes 17.25 s less than the conventional recognition algorithm. It is concluded that behavior recognition based on dual-stream residual CNNs can indeed improve the recognition accuracy and recognition speed in environments with different lighting conditions than traditional behavior recognition.
Integrated untargeted/targeted metabolomics identifies a putative oxylipin signature in patients with atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease
Authors: Li Lei , Lu Yingyuan , Du Zhiyong , Fang Meng , Wei Ying , Zhang Wenxin , Xu Yisheng , Sun Jiaxu , Zeng Xiangrui , Hu Guomin , Wang Lingli , Jiang Yong , Liu Shuwang , Tang Yida , Yu Haiyi , Tu Pengfei , Guo Xiaoyu
Published: November 2024

Background and Objective

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are closely related to metabolic dysregulation. However, the metabolic characteristics of AF patients with concomitant CHD remain unclear. The aims of this study were to elucidate the metabolic profiles of patients with AF and CHD to seek new therapeutic targets and related factors of AF combined with CHD.

Methods

Untargeted metabolomics and targeted oxylipins profiling were performed to characterize the serum metabolome landscape of patients with AF, CHD, and AF comorbid CHD.

Results

The serum metabolic fingerprints of patients with AF comorbid CHD were significantly differentiated from normal controls (NC) and individuals with AF or CHD alone, and the differentiated metabolites dominated by a variety of lipid alterations in the phospholipid and fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, the targeted profiles of oxylipins demonstrated that the levels of arachidonic acid derivatives including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acids, hydroxy-eicostetraenoic acids and hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acids in patients with AF and CHD were significantly different from those in the NC, AF, and CHD groups. Several prostaglandins were positively associated with echocardiographic indicators of myocardial remodeling.

Conclusions

This study updates metabolic insights of AF and CHD and provides potential therapeutic targets for preventing or treating AF comorbid CHD.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease influences blood pressure components, lipid profile and cardiovascular diseases: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wu Qiang , He Changjing , Huang Wanzhong , Song Chaoqun , Hao Xin , Zeng Qing , Lan Dazhi , Su Qiang
Published: November 2024

Background

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder associated with a range of cardiovascular and metabolic complications. However, the relationship between GERD and blood pressure components, lipid profile, and cardiovascular diseases remains unclear.

Methods

Leveraging genetic variants associated with GERD as instrumental variables, we performed this Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Blood pressure components, lipid profile parameters, as well as cardiovascular diseases were considered as outcomes. Furthermore, we conducted reverse MR analysis to explore the association of these factors with the risk of GERD.

Results

Our MR analysis discovered a potential causal influence of GERD on blood pressure components, with genetically predicted GERD positively associated with systolic blood pressure (β = 0.053, P = 0.036), diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.100, P < 0.001), and mean arterial pressure (β = 0.106, P < 0.001). Additionally, genetically predicted GERD showed a significant impact on lipid profile, leading to increased genetically predicted levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (β = 0.093, P < 0.001), and triglycerides (β = 0.153, P < 0.001), while having a negative effect on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (β = -0.115, P = 0.002). Furthermore, our study indicated a noteworthy causal association between genetically predicted GERD and increased risk of myocardial infarction [odds ratio (OR) = 1.272, P = 0.019)] and hypertension (OR = 1.357, P < 0.001). No significant association was found between GERD and pulse pressure, total cholesterol, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation (P > 0.05). Reverse MR analysis indicates that blood pressure components, lipid profile, and cardiovascular diseases do not lead to an increased risk of GERD (all P > 0.05). Furthermore, mediation MR analysis reveals that LDL cholesterol (proportion mediated: 19.99%, 95% CI: 4.49% to 35.50%), HDL cholesterol (proportion mediated: 11.71%, 95% CI: 5.23% to 18.19%), and hypertension (proportion mediated: 35.09%, 95% CI: 24.66% to 45.53%) mediated the effect of GERD on myocardial infarction, while other factors did not participate in this pathway.

Conclusions

This MR study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between GERD and alterations in blood pressure components, lipid profile, and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Inetetamab for injection in combination with vinorelbine weekly or every three weeks in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: A multicenter, randomized, phase II clinical trial
Authors: Shao Xiying , Xie Ning , Chen Zhanhong , Wang Xinshuai , Cao Wenming , Zheng Yabing , Yang Hua , Huang Jian , Chen Shaoping , Gan Lu , Yang Xiuli , Chen Yuru , Ouyang Quchang , Wang Xiaojia
Published: November 2024

Objective

We aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics, safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of different dosing regimens (weekly and every three weeks) of inetetamab in combination with vinorelbine in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)+ patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received one or more chemotherapy regimens.

Methods

HER2+ patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received one or more chemotherapy regimens were included. Eligible patients received inetetamab administered weekly or every three weeks in combination with vinorelbine injection chemotherapy. Pharmacokinetics, safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity were compared between the groups.

Results

Sixty HER2+ patients were randomized into a single-week administration group ( n = 29) and a three-week administration group ( n = 31). After the final dose in the single-week administration group and the three-week administration group, the mean Cmax values were 79.773 μg/mL and 146.083 μg/mL; the mean Cmin values were 30.227 μg/mL and 11.926 μg/mL; the mean AUCtau values were 7328.443 μg·h/mL and 22647.101 μg·h/mL; and the mean Cav values were 43.622 μg/ mL and 44.935 μg/mL, respectively. The best overall response (BOR) rates at 24 weeks and unconfirmed BOR rates at 24 weeks were both 40.7% in the single-week dosing group and 40.7% in the three-week dosing group, and the 24-week confirmed disease control rates (DCRs) were 88.9% and 81.5%, respectively. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was generally consistent across all levels.

Conclusion

There were slight differences in the mean Cmax, Cmin, AUCtau and Cav between the three-week dosing group and the single-week dosing group, and the mean steady-state concentrations of Cav were comparable; however, there were no differences in efficacy, safety or immunogenicity between the two groups.
Technical efficiency of sugarcane farming in East Java, Indonesia: A bootstrap data envelopment analysis
Authors: Santosa Agus , Rahayu Endang Siti , Sutrisno Joko , Kusnandar Kusnandar
Published: November 2024

Sugarcane is an essential commodity in Indonesia. However, climate change negatively affects the sugarcane production efficiency. This study aims to measure the technical efficiency of sugarcane farming using a bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, compare the efficiency of irrigated and rain-fed sugarcane farming, and determine the factors affecting the technical efficiency of sugarcane farming in East Java, Indonesia. Primary data were collected from 451 sugarcane farmers during the 2020–2021 planting season. The results indicate that the “bias-corrected” technical efficiency scores of the single- and double-bootstrap approach (0.624 and 0.561) were lower than that of conventional DEA (0.714). The efficiency score of irrigated sugarcane farms (0.593) was higher than that of rain-fed farms (0.529). Moreover, the farmers’ age, household size, dependency, farming experience, training, subsidies, crop diversification, and access to irrigation impacted sugarcane farming’s technical efficiency. Improvement of 1% in training, irrigation access, and subsidies increased the technical efficiency by 0.034, 0.032, and 0.030, respectively. This strategy is expected to enhance the productivity and technical efficiency and reduce the poverty in rural households in East Java.
Review on geopolymer concrete incorporating Alccofine-1203
Authors: Chaudhary Shashank , Dubey Sheo Kumer , Sharma Abhay
Published: November 2024

The emergence of geopolymer concrete (GPC) has occurred as a sustainable substitute for conventional cement-based concrete, offering enhanced mechanical characteristics and reduced environmental impact. In the quest to further optimize GPC, incorporating supplementary cementitious materials has gained attention. For the research, Alccofine-1203 was considered as the material for incorporation into the geo-polymer concrete. This review study specifically examines the utilization of Alccofine-1203 as a material in GPC within the domain of structural engineering. Alccofine-1203, a high-performance mineral additive, exhibits pozzolanic and reactive properties, making it a promising candidate for enhancing GPC performance. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the chemical compositions and physical properties of Alccofine 1203, highlighting its potential benefits in GPC. Furthermore, it explores the influence of Alccofine-1203 on various aspects of GPC, including workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, durability, microstructure, and thermal properties. The review encompasses an analysis of relevant tests conducted to evaluate these properties. In summary, this review article is a great resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners who are interested in the development and application of GPC containing Alccofine-1203.
Zygmunt Łempicki im Kontext der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft der Zwischenkriegszeit
Authors: Müller Hans-Harald
Published: November 2024

This essay rescues from oblivion the now almost forgotten work of the Polish philologist and publicist Zygmunt Łempicki, who was, due to his renowned German-language publications, a well-known figure in German literary studies in the period between the two World Wars. Of particular interest is Łempicki’s theoretical position in German literary studies at the time, which is examined here. Based on his education in Twardowski’s logical school of Lviv, Łempicki developed an analytical, conceptually and historically honed mode of reflection for literary studies concepts, which allowed him to develop a meta-theoretical critique, the main features of which are still relevant today.
»Meine furchtbaren Träume / habe ich erlebt!«
Authors: Conterno Chiara
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on Paula Ludwig’s dream texts (›Traumtexte‹) and her dream conception. Fundamental to understand her concept of dreams is her stay in Munich, where she encountered numerous intellectuals and lovers of culture, including Grete Weisberger and Karl Wolfskehl. It is likely in this context that she came into contact with Ludwig Klages’ dream theories, which have left clear traces in the paratexts of her dream collections. However the development of National Socialism and the outbreak of the Second World War soon disrupted European and world history, which was reflected in Paula Ludwig’s life and work. Accordingly, the article aims to shed light on the incursion of history into Paula Ludwig’s dream world, using a philological and hermeneutic method that also considers biographical, historical and cultural aspects.
»Yes, I am a Catholic, the worst kind – a convert«
Authors: Höffler Ricarda
Published: November 2024

The article examines the significance of the Incarnation of Christ for the development of Marshall McLuhan’s media theory. McLuhan’s Catholicism was already a topic of debate in the 1960s and 70s, albeit often in a less than benevolent manner. More recently, however, scholars from the English-speaking world have approached McLuhan’s religious convictions and their possible influence on his media-theoretical considerations in a more nuanced way. Building on this research, the article argues that McLuhan’s understanding of media and their effects, summarized in the famous phrase »The medium is the message«, can hardly be separated from his belief in the Incarnation, which has often been neglected by German scholars. If one takes a closer look at a variety of sources, e. g. letters and essays written from the 1930s onwards, it becomes clear that McLuhan considered human creativity to be the result of the total remaking of human nature by the ›medium of all media‹, i. e. God incarnate, and that it is precisely these christological and anthropological principles that underlie his media theory.
EDZÉS AKUT AFFEKTÍV HATÁSAINAK VIZSGÁLATA EGYÉNI ÉS CSAPATSPORTOKBAN
Authors: Varga Gábor , Komáromi Liza , Ábel Krisztin , De La Vega Ricardo , Denizci Nazligül Merve , Szabó Attila
Published: November 2024

A csapatsportokban a teljesítményt és az együttműködést helyezik előtérbe, szemben az egyéni sportokkal, melyekbenszubjektív célok és érzelmi állapotok dominálnak. Ennek alapján jelen in-situ tanulmányunkban azt feltételeztük,hogy a pozitív affektivitás magasabb az egyéni sportokban, míg a csapatsportokban ez kisebb mértékben, vagy egyáltalán nem lesz megfigyelhető.
Persistent Threat Avoidance Following Negative Reinforcement Is Not Associated with Elevated State Anxiety
Authors: Crummy Elizabeth A. , Chamberlain Brittany L. , Gamboa J. P. , Pierson Jamie L. , Ahmari Susanne E.
Published: November 2024

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating illness consisting of obsessions and compulsions. OCD severity and treatment response are correlated with avoidant behaviors thought be performed to alleviate obsession-related anxiety. However, little is known about either the role of avoidance in the development of OCD or the interplay between anxiety states and avoidance behaviors. We have developed an instrumental negative reinforcement (i.e., active avoidance) paradigm in which mice must lever press to avoid upcoming footshocks. We show that mice (both sexes) can learn this task with high acquisition rates (75%) and that this behavior is largely stable when introducing uncertainty and modifying task structure. Furthermore, mice continue to perform avoidance responses on trials where lever pressing is not reinforced and increase response rates as they are maintained on this paradigm. With this paradigm, we did not find a relationship between negative reinforcement history and anxiety-related behaviors in well-established anxiety assays. Finally, we performed exploratory analyses to identify candidate regions involved in well-trained negative reinforcement using expression of the immediate early gene c-Fos. We detected correlated c-Fos expression in (1) corticostriatal regions which regulate active avoidance in other paradigms and (2) amygdala circuits known to regulate conditioned defensive behaviors.
Underdeveloped embryo and dormancy type in seeds of the Cyananthus formosus, an endemic species of alpine scree habitat in the Hengduan Mountains region of southwest China
Authors: Xu Yuting , Dong Lijuan , Yu Wei , Peng Deli
Published: November 2024

We investigated the seed dormancy and germination characteristics of Cyananthus formosus, an endemic species of Hengduan Mountains in China that is narrowly distributed in alpine scree habitats. The mean embryo length (E) to seed (S) length ratio was determined for fresh and
cold stratified (CS) seeds, and for seeds at the time the seed coat split but before radicle emergence. Germination of freshly matured seeds was tested in light and dark at six constant (1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25°C) and three alternating (5/1, 15/5 and 25/15°C) temperatures and again,
after six months of dry CS and after-ripening (DAR). Embryos grew inside the seed prior to germination (123% increase in E:S ratio). Fresh seeds germinated to > 90% at 20, 25 and 25/15°C within four weeks in light, but germination was significantly lower at 1, 5, 10, 5/1 and 15/5°C.
CS increased final germination percentage, germination rate and widened the temperature range for germination from high to low, regardless of light conditions. DAR significantly increased the final germination percentage, particularly at 15 and 15/5°C, while it had no effect on the germination
rate. The germination characteristics described herein hindered seed germination during autumn dispersal under low temperatures, while facilitating germination following snowmelt in spring. We concluded that the majority of C. formosus seeds had nondeep simple morphophysiological dormancy,
while a minority of seeds exhibited morphological dormancy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on embryo growth and dormancy type in Cyananthus species.
Embedding Quantum Random Phase Encoding Arnold Transform for Advanced Image Security
Authors: Hermanto Didik , Pratama Zudha , Hidajat Moch. Sjamsul
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This research proposes an improvised version of the image encryption technique by incorporating Quantum Random Phase Encoding with the Arnold Transform to help enhance the strength and non-predictability of the encryption process. In this research work, some ideas gained from quantum-based methods have been brought to use with conventional approaches in image encryption techniques for enhancing their security.
Methods: This model represents the basic methodology that underlies the Arnold Transform for scrambling the arrangement of image pixels to mask recognizable structures within quantum random phase encoding to introduce complexity through quantum-generated random phases.
Result: The experimental results show much improvement in encryption efficiency. For example, in the case of "Cameraman" and "Lena", MSE parameters are 98.134 and 104.76, respectively; these now go up to 832.01 and 888.78. This implies that the higher decrement of these values 21.17 dB and 23.98 dB to 13.41 dB and 13.33 dB translates into higher distortion with higher security. Meanwhile, UACI and NPCR are also very steady and the mean value is about 0.3356 to 0.3358 and 99.60 to 99.61, which proves that this method has been effective in changing the pixel's value, and sensitive input changes.
Novelty: This work is novel due to the introduction of quantum technologies in the classical methodology of image encryption. While classical techniques make use of conventional transforms for scrambling, like the Arnold Transform, this work embeds quantum randomness and intricacy in the process as a means of encoding namely, Quantum Random Phase Encoding.
Hyperparameter Tuning Decision Tree and Recursive Feature Elimination Technique for Improved Chronic Kidney Disease Classification
Authors: Saputra Aries Gilang , Purwanto Purwanto , Pujiono Pujiono
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study has the purpose of classifying patients with chronic kidney disease based on specific features and improving the classification models by tuning hyperparameters. This study aims to detect chronic kidney disease at an early stage.
Methods: In this study, a machine learning classifier in the form of a decision tree is used to classify chronic kidney disease on the Risk Factor Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease dataset. After that, the performance of the classifier model is improved by using feature selection, namely Recursive Feature Elimination and Hyperparameter tuning with GridSearchCV.
Result: After tests were conducted 3 times namely testing with Decision Tree, Recursive Feature Elimination, and Hyperparameter tuning GridSearchCV which is the proposed method, then compared to other tests. The results from this study is using that method can improve the Decision Tree classifier in classifying chronic kidney disease patients.
Novelty: Dataset that have been used in this study is from UCI machine learning repository namely Risk Factor Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease that have 202 instances and 28 feature and after being processess and conducting test, Recursive Feature Elimination and Hyperparameter tuning GridSearchCV can improve the Decision Tree classifier in classifying chronic kidney disease.
The ocular manifestations of novel coronavirus: A literature review
Authors: Dutta Ronit , Sadhu Soumen , Biswas Jyotirmay
Published: November 2024

Apart from the systemic cardinal symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, headache, and diarrhea, ocular symptoms have gained much importance during the peak hours of the COVID pandemic. Since an exposed ocular surface can act as a gateway for various respiratory viruses, there is an increased interest in exploring the ocular route of transmission and viral RNA detection in ocular fluids. Moreover, the ocular surface can also share some common viral binding receptors. A large number of case reports and observational studies have been published so far reporting anterior, posterior, orbital, and neurological complications of the eye and orbit. Ocular complications can range from mild self-limiting pathologies such as conjunctivitis, episcleritis, and retinal cotton wool spots to severe blinding pathologies such as mucormycosis, retinal vessel occlusions, candida retinitis, and optic neuritis. There is an increased risk of corneal graft rejection and reactivation of certain microorganisms post severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. The present narrative review provides a brief overview of the current literature and an in-depth understanding of the ocular implications of SARS-CoV-2.
Fernando Delgae y Emilio de Calabia reflexionan sobre el Indo-Pacífico: perspectivas diplomáticas y académicas en la definición de un espacio estratégico
Authors: Delage Fernando , De Miguel Calabia Emilio
Published: November 2024

En este número 57 de nuestra revista, titulado ¿Existe un espacio Indo-Pacífico? Reflexiones desde las Relaciones Internacionales, nos adentramos en la discusión sobre la pertinencia y definición del Indo-Pacífico como una categoría geopolítica emergente. Este concepto ha ganado relevancia en el discurso global, desafiando las nociones tradicionales de los límites regionales y planteando nuevas dinámicas en la interacción entre actores internacionales. A través de un enfoque crítico, nos preguntamos si el Indo-Pacífico es simplemente una construcción estratégica o una región con identidad y cohesión propia. La presente sección de Firma Invitada cuenta con la participación de dos profesionales que, con una destacada trayectoria, han actuado como puentes entre el mundo académico y las instituciones públicas, aportando un valioso análisis sobre la región.
Ambos autores no solo ofrecen un análisis profundo sobre el Indo-Pacífico, sino que también representan esa sinergia vital entre la investigación académica y la implementación de políticas públicas. Su capacidad para traducir complejas dinámicas regionales en propuestas concretas para la diplomacia y la estrategia resalta la importancia de contar con voces que comprenden tanto las sutilezas teóricas como los desafíos prácticos. A través de sus contribuciones en esta sección, Fernando Delage y Emilio de Miguel Calabia invitan a reflexionar sobre el futuro del Indo-Pacífico como un espacio geopolítico clave, un concepto en actual debate y su impacto en la reconfiguración de las relaciones internacionales en el siglo XXI.
Japón y la construcción regional del Indo-Pacífico: Una mirada cuántica a la estrategia de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto
Authors: González-Pujol Ivan
Published: November 2024

La región del Indo-Pacífico ha ganado relevancia debido a la estrategia de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto, propuesta inicialmente por el exprimer ministro japonés, Shinz? Abe, en 2016. Desde su introducción, varios actores, como Estados Unidos, la ASEAN y Corea del Sur, han incorporado la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto en su política exterior. Las diferentes estrategias de política exterior para un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto han sido extensamente analizadas desde las teorías realistas y liberales; sin embargo, el presente estudio promueve un enfoque desde las relaciones internacionales cuánticas. Este enfoque ofrece una perspectiva que reinterpreta la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto a través de la aplicación de conceptos de la física cuántica.
En este artículo se explora la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto y la construcción regional del Indo-Pacífico en base a las propuestas estratégicas formuladas desde Japón y otros actores internacionales. Para ello, se parte de la propuesta onto-epistemológica de Wendt y Zanotti para ofrecer una visión alternativa sobre la creación y evolución de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto. Además, se emplean las bases analíticas de Murphy y Akrivoulis para aplicar la lógica de las relaciones internacionales cuánticas al estudio de la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto. Así, en primer lugar, desde una perspectiva no atomista, se destaca cómo el Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto se emancipa de la construcción inicial japonesa para convertirse en una idea con agencia propia. En segundo lugar, se reinterpreta de forma no determinista la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto como un espectro de probabilidades que se concretan a medida que los actores internacionales reconocen la importancia de la región y dan valor a la construcción regional. En tercer lugar, se examina la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto con un enfoque no materialista, enfatizando las relaciones entre los actores internacionales y dicha idea. Finalmente, este estudio identifica cómo la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto y la política exterior de los actores internacionales coemergen a través de las interacciones que se dan entre ellas.
En esencia, este estudio analiza la relación entre la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto y los diversos actores internacionales, principalmente Japón. Específicamente, se concluye que las interacciones entre los actores internacionales y la idea de un Indo-Pacífico Libre y Abierto confieren a esta idea su propia agencia, lo que a su vez redefine las estrategias de política exterior de actores internacionales como Japón.
El efecto Snowden en la región del Indo-Pacífico: las reacciones políticas y sociales frente a la vigilancia masiva
Authors: Demurtas Alessandro , Roger Cordero Paula
Published: November 2024

En 2013, el extrabajador de la Agencia de Seguridad Nacional estadounidense, Edward Snowden, revela la lista de programas de vigilancia masiva utilizados por la Alianza de los Cinco Ojos (Five Eyes) hacia terceros países, reavivando la atención sobre el equilibrio entre privacidad y seguridad en la sociedad internacional. En los debates críticos sobre seguridad de la posguerra fría, los estudios sobre la surveillance cobran especial importancia y resultan fundamentales para el propósito de esta investigación: analizar la reacción de trece gobiernos y sociedades del Indo-Pacífico al llamado efecto Snowden. La metodología cualitativa empleada se estructura alrededor del análisis, la categorización y la codificación de fuentes primarias, como las páginas oficiales gubernamentales, los sondeos demoscópicos sobre la surveillance y los medios de comunicación impresos y digitales, nacionales e internacionales, combinada con la consulta de la literatura nacional e internacional especializada en estudios críticos sobre seguridad y vigilancia masiva. El resultado obtenido es una base de datos con seis indicadores analíticos para los trece países estudiados, para contestar a la pregunta de investigación: ¿cuál es el efecto Snowden en la región del Indo-Pacífico? y ¿cuál es la respuesta gubernamental y la respuesta de la sociedad civil al descubrimiento de la vigilancia y el espionaje operados por los países de la Alianza de los Cinco Ojos? La estructura del artículo es la siguiente: la introducción contextualiza el debate teórico y social provocado por el efecto Snowden; el primer epígrafe explica las principales teorías y conceptos sobre la vigilancia utilizados para el análisis, además de la metodología empleada para construir los indicadores de la base de datos. El segundo apartado analiza la base de datos y los resultados obtenidos por cada indicador, mientras que las conclusiones recogen los resultados agregados, en una perspectiva comparada, para contestar a la pregunta de investigación, destacando si prevalecen las dinámicas y la lógica regional (nivel meso de análisis) frente al tradicional nivel estatal (nivel micro de análisis).
Las fronteras de Asia. Estados y territorios en disputa
Authors: Ramírez-Ruiz Raúl
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo parte de la premisa que el concepto de frontera aplicado al espacio asiático no se corresponde con el de una línea en el mapa, sino que debe aplicarse a extensas regiones de soberanía cuestionada a lo largo de la historia. La expansión europea por todo el mundo llevó aparejada la difusión de su modelo de estado soberano, nacido en la Paz de Westfalia (1648), a través del cual se relaciona entre sí la comunidad internacional. Sin embargo, ese modelo ha mostrado en Asia una menor capacidad de adaptación al aplicarse sobre un continente que poseía un sistema de relaciones entre estados propio, el llamado sistema tributario. Ello, combinado con la falta de legitimidad de algunas fronteras dibujadas por el imperialismo y con el auge de las grandes potencias asiáticas ha convertido a enormes territorios, en ocasiones reconocidos como soberanos (como, por ejemplo, las dos Coreas, Pakistán o Sri Lanka, en ocasiones grandes regiones históricas como Cachemira, Tíbet o Xinjiang) en meras fronteras o áreas de transición entre las grandes potencias colindantes.
Para demostrar la validez de esta afirmación, el presente artículo revisa las teorías y los conceptos sobre la historia, la geografía y la globalización de, entre otros, autores como los de Braudel, en su teorización de los periodos de larga duración en el tiempo de los hechos históricos; Zhu Zhenghui como inspirador de la idea del despliegue de la historia en espiral; Robert D. Kaplan, como apologeta de la importancia del factor geográfico; John Mearsheimer y sus estudios sobre el realismo en las relaciones internacionales o Henry Kissinger y sus análisis sobre el orden mundial y el funcionamiento de los estados nación westfalianos. Además de todo ello, sin dejar de lado a Samuel P. Huntington, el visionario que anunció como la cultura, y no la economía ni la ideología, sería el motor de la historia futura y Francis Fukuyama, en su evolución desde la fallida profecía del fin de la historia hasta sus posicionamientos actuales donde resalta como la identidad se ha convertido en el eje estructural de la política del siglo XXI.
Con este bagaje teórico se describe cual es el concepto geográfico de lo que realmente hablamos al referirnos a Asia y se exponen las causas circunstancias particulares de cada uno de aquellos territorios considerados por el autor como fronteras de Asia. Concluyendo, finalmente, que el futuro de la humanidad se encuentra muy, posiblemente, en juego en la disputa de poder y legitimidades actuales en estas fronteras de Asia con una relevancia especial en lo que ocurra en torno a Taiwán y el Mar de China Meridional.
Coffee in the Russian literature of the 18th and early 19th centuries
Authors: Stankeviciene Anastasija
Published: November 2024

In the article, coffee is analyzed as one of the aspects of the cultural code of the Russian society in the 18th century. The historical context of the adaptation of coffee in Russia is also reconstructed. The purpose of the research is to reveal the semantic features of coffee in the texts of Russian authors of the 18th – early 19th centuries. Through semantic and comparative analysis of the coffee theme in the texts of A. Kantemir, G. Derzhavin, Catherine II, I. Krylov, V. Kuchelbecker and others, the range of meanings of the beverage and the context of using the word coffee is determined: from a negative attribute of the aristocracy to a positive ‘inspiration elixir’. The connections between coffee and the social status of the character are also investigated.
Linguistics and ideology in the Primer book of V. G. Goretsky and his colleagues
Authors: Fargues Daria
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the primer book (Bukvar), which was created in the USSR in 1969 and has been used as a permanent school textbook since 1982. It is still being used in modern Russian schools. The textbook is based on a modified sound analytic-synthetic method of teaching reading. Numerous reprints of the primer allow analyzing the changes in the linguistic component of the methods of teaching schoolchildren to read, as well as examining the evolution of the ideological aspect of this book.
The phenomenon of word-creation as a kind of language game (on the example of the online dictionary Slovodna)
Authors: Tsudikova Daria
Published: November 2024

This study aims to investigate the implementation of the phenomenon of word creation as a kind of а language game in the modern media space – the social network Instagram.The theoretical part of the study is based on several works devoted to the phenomenon under study by Boris Norman, Vladimir Sannikov, Tatiana Kuranova, and Lidia Malygina.The basis of the practical part of the article was the analysis of examples from the Internet dictionary SlovoDna, aimed at comparing language game techniques with their direct implementation in the modern Russian language.Current work uses methods such as introspection and reconstruction of the internal form of wordplay and their word-forming analysis. As a result of the research, nonce words are singled out into several subgroups based on the method of formation (reception); the main functions of the word-formation language game implemented by the authors of the Internet dictionary while creating words are determined; conclusions about the linguistic experiments of SlovoDna are made.
Prediabetes and cardiovascular diseases: a serious but overlooked issue
Authors:   Debmalya Sanyal, Roy ChaudhurI Soumyabrata ,   Anirban Mazumdar
Published: November 2024

The elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases and prediabetes is a practical area of concern although there is dearth of data coming from across the globe despite epidemiological studies connecting the duo. Recent meta-analysis in BMJ reported relative risk of 1.15 for a composite of cardiovascular disease and 1.16 for ischaemic heart disease in the prediabetic population as opposed to that in the population with normal sugar levels. A recent research placed a 25% elevated risk of myocardial infarction in the prediabetic population along with greater chances of undergoing various forms of revascularization. Prediabetes although defined by numbers and classified as IFG (Impaired fasting glucose) and IGT (Impaired glucose tolerance), debates still exit on the cutoffs to be used and also on use of HbA1C to define prediabetes. Recent Chinese study looked at age specific cut offs for the interplay between prediabetes and elevated cardiovascular disease risk and found family history as an important pointer in the younger age group and life style factors to be of importance in older age group. More research and studies encompassing the global population at large needs to be done to eliminate the population bias involved in a nationwide studies, with insights into the Sirtuin proteins SRT1- 7 and its modulators, whose impact on cardiovascular disease is well established.
Formatação, visibilidade e exclusão de pessoas trans* no Tinder
Authors: Luiz Martins Lemos André , Nogueira de Oliveira Amanda
Published: November 2024

Para criar um perfil no aplicativo de relacionamento Tinder, deve-se inserir nome, idade e informar a autoidentificação de gênero e orientação sexual. Esses dados (recursos mandatórios para a construção da identidade algorítmica do usuário) podem ser anonimizados nas informações do perfil. Ao mesmo tempo que aplicativos para encontros majoritariamente heterossexuais passaram a se adequar, oferecendo novas formas de identificação de gênero nesses formulários, pessoas trans* continuaram sendo potenciais alvos da combinação entre misoginia e transfobia, vítimas da aplicação injusta ou descontextualizada de regras, termos de serviços e códigos de conduta. Formulários são instrumentos de formatação da informação, produzindo o que Koopman (2019) chama de “infopoder” e que cria uma “pessoa informacional”. Esse artigo investiga o formulário de entrada do Tinder analisando o infopoder que se estabelece pela formatação dessa pessoa. Conclui-se que, ao obrigar a identificação, os formulários produzem um regime de visibilidade próprio que incide na exclusão de pessoas transgênero. É essa obrigação, esse infopoder, que produz a formatação da pessoa informacional visível (como “trans*”, no caso analisado). Isso gera perturbação, ampliando formas de denúncia, podendo chegar ao banimento, também administrado por outro formulário. O problema não é mais o da invisibilidade, mas o da visibilidade formatada no infopoder.
Strategies to enhanced production of biomass and natural antioxidants of Cichorium intybus L. hairy roots by using nanoparticle elicitors
Authors: Nga Mai Thi Phuong , Linh Tang Khanh , Tra Nguyen Pham Cam , Linh Huynh Thi Phuong
Published: November 2024

This study describes the influence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on the biomass and phytochemical production in the hairy root (HR) cultures of Cichorium intybus L. The HRs were grown in ½ Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with sucrose (30 g/L) and AgNPs or SeNPs at two selected concentrations for 25 days on the shaker at 110 rpm in the dark. The results showed that SeNPs stimulated HR growth whereas AgNPs inhibited it at both concentrations used. Peroxidase activity was higher than catalase activity. In most cases, the antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly higher in the HRs elicited by elicitors than in control HRs. The activities of catalase and peroxidase reached their highest levels at approximately 16.7 and 486.4 u/mg protein, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity was highest in the HRs elicited by AgNPs. AgNPs (3.25 and 1.5625 mg/L) elicited HR extracts had significantly enhanced the production of total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents compared to the control HR extracts. The maximum total phenolic content was 87.04 ± 6.23 mg/g gallic equivalent, and it was 139.03 ± 3.56 mg/g ascorbic acid equivalent in total flavonoid content in the HRs elicited by AgNPs. The HRs elicited by SeNPs produce an average amount of total phenolic, flavonoid, and DPPH radical scavenging activity which were also significantly higher than those produced by control HRs. The results from our study suggested the effectiveness of the elicitation process in enhancing the root biomass, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. NPs-elicited Chicory HRs offered an effective and favorable in vitro method to improve the production of bioactive compounds for potential uses in pharmaceutical industries.
AI som specialpedagogens bästa vän? –
Authors: Axelsson Thom
Published: November 2024

Det råder delade meningar om digitaliseringen och AI:s allt större utrymme i skolan. Inte sällan leder det till en tämligen polariserad debatt där mänskliga värden ställs mot ekonomiska. I föreliggande artikel problematiseras detta utrymme med utgångspunkt i specialpedagogik, kopplat till tre övergripande teman: digitalisering, AI och maskininlärning och lärarrollen. De frågor som artikeln mer specifikt kretsar kring är: Vilka problem finns det med externa aktörer och en ökad digitalisering inom det specialpedagogiska fältet? Vad händer med den specialpedagogiska professionen i en skola som alltmer präglas av AI? Det är en explorativ studie som tar sin utgångspunkt i ett Foucault-inspirerat angreppssätt för att analysera de konsekvenser som AIed har inom utbildningsområdet. Materialet består av intervjuer, tidningsartiklar, inslag från SvT och företagens hemsidor och rapporter. Resultaten pekar mot att EdTech-industrin får konsekvenser för lärarrollen, inte minst i samband med den specialpedagogiska professionen. I många avseenden är det oklart vem – skolan, forskningen eller företagen – som styr vad som händer på såväl policynivå som i det individuella klassrummet och för den enskilda individen. Det väcker i sin tur en rad frågor kring AI och etik.
Interaktionsförutsättningar och skolframgång i en mångkulturell lågstadieskola.
Authors: Lund Anna , Osman Ali , Lund Stefan
Published: November 2024

Pedagogisk och utbildningssociologisk forskning visar att den svenska grundskolan är starkt segregerad vilket har bidragit till försämrad likvärdighet i elevers måluppfyllelse. En följd av detta har blivit att kommuner försöker hantera skolsegregationens negativa effekter genom att aktivt styra skolornas elevsammansättning. Denna artikeln handlar om hur skolledare och pedagoger i en i mindre kommuns lågstadieskola, arbetar med en ny elevsammansättning, organisatoriskt, socialt och pedagogiskt och den betydelse deras arbete får för elevers relationer till varandra och deras skolframgång. Fallstudiens har ett kultursociologiskt perspektiv vars analyser baseras på etnografiska fältanteckningar, intervjuer med skolaktörer, kommundata över elevernas resultat på nationella prov mellan åren 2016–2021 samt ett sociogram som eleverna har fyllt i. Resultaten visar att majoriteten av eleverna som sedan starten av sin grundskoleutbildning har gått i en integrerad skolform umgås i hög grad med elever som har en annan etnisk bakgrund än de själva. Eleverna får också högre resultat på de nationella proven i svenska och svenska som andraspråk i jämförelse med innan och åren direkt efter reformen. De huvudsakliga förklaringarna till denna framgång grundar sig i skolaktörernas genuina tro på en skola för alla, samtidigt som de utvecklat interaktionsförutsättningar som lagt grunden till en inkluderande skolkultur.
Stock market volatility simulation with the LSTM neural network
Authors:   Perm State University, Patlasov Dmitry A. , Garafutdinov Robert V. ,   Perm State University
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Stock market volatility simulation and forecast are relevant issues which could contribute into lower risks and higher revenues of the market transactions. These days, AI-based methods, including deep neural networks, are quite promising for volatility simulation.
National self-identification developed by megaproject financing methods of the economy
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic Research, a separate structural unit of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institute of Ufa Federal Research Center at the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mazhara Evgenii N.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The article analyzes the interpretations of the concept “megaproject” and proposes the author’s definition of the concept presupposing explicit and implicit beneficiaries and ensuring high-tech products with a high potential for market sales. Purpose. Based on the results of the regression analysis, the paper draws conclusions and describes the behavior strategies of the explicit and implicit beneficiaries in the megaproject when its results are being registered and after it. Materials and Methods. Theoretically and methodologically, the paper refers to the works of scientists examining megaprojects. The regression analysis for thirty constituent entities of the Russian Federation made it possible to determine that the indicators of their budget revenues illustrate that cash flows determined by the investment return from the investments in fixed capital go through the budget system with a minimal tax burden. Results. It has been found that in the analyzed period, the return on investment in fixed assets was determined by the investors’ speculative motives when using financial market instruments under personal guarantees of the heads of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the applied financial market instruments gave the minimum inflow of taxes into the budget system of the Russian Federation. Conclusions. In its model, Russia is closer to the continental civilizational type; the balance in the socio-economic relations determined by megaprojects with their maximum contribution to GDP could be achieved when national self-identification is distinctly shaped; national self-identification could only be developed with due regard to the quantitative and structural composition of population.
Remote employment in large cities: Gain for workers in terms of wages
Authors:   University of Tyumen, Murzagulova Regina F.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The transition to telecommuting in response to restrictive measures implemented in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic raises the question of its long-term effects in defining a new post-covid labor market. Purpose. The article aims at establishing spatial aspects in the analysis of the profession-defined differences found among remote workers’ wages. Materials and Methods. The data base of the research includes HeadHunter job vacancies with a remote work schedule posted in the period from December 12, 2022, to January 12, 2023. Econometric analysis methods help estimate the return of job vacancies in large cities in terms of population on the remote workers’ proposed wages. Results. Unlike in small cities, remote employment in large cities has a negative influence on the proposed wages, except for IT and sale areas. It is worth highlighting an IT area with the highest increase in the offered wages taking into consideration the size of the post vacancy city: employment in Moscow, St Petersburg, and other million-plus cities are “rewarded” by 45.5, 20.8, and 8.4 %, respectively. At the same time, Moscow employers in science and education, marketing, advertisement, PR, and administration offer the lowest wages among both large and small cities’ employers. Conclusions. The transition to remote employment in the post-COVID labor market has led to refocusing on secondary forms of employment, as well as spatial heterogeneity in the remote workers’ wages. Further research may be devoted to the research of differences in the office and remote IT workers’ wages in terms of compensatory differences.