bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Configurations of attitudes toward immigration in Europe: evidence of polarization, ambivalence, and multidimensionality
Authors: Kwon Ronald , Scarborough William J. , Gallardo Roberto
Published: April 2024

Scholarship on immigrant stereotypes suggest that individuals’ viewpoints toward immigration may be differentiated across the dimensions of culture and economics. In this study, we use latent class analysis, which avoids the assumption that attitudes are unidimensional, scalar, and polarized, to examine configurations of immigration attitudes in Europe from 2002 through 2010, a period of time leading up to and within the Great Recession. Analyzing a set of items capturing different aspects of immigration attitudes, we discover that although there are substantial segments of the European population who hold polarized anti- or pro-immigration attitudes, the most common viewpoint is ambivalence. Specifically, those with ambivalent attitudes feel that immigration enriches national culture but also believe that immigration has less benefits for the economy. Using an interrupted time series design, we explore how attitudinal configurations shifted with the onset of the Great Recession. The crisis coincided with a rise in ambivalent attitudes as economic threat grew more than concerns about culture.
miR-939, as an important regulator in various cancers pathogenesis, has diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic values: a review
Authors: Kouchaki Hosein , Kamyab Parnia , Darbeheshti Farzaneh , Gharezade Arezou , Fouladseresht Hamed , Tabrizi Reza
Published: April 2024

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are highly conserved non-coding RNAs with a short length (18–24 nucleotides) that directly bind to a complementary sequence within 3′-untranslated regions of their target mRNAs and regulate gene expression, post-transcriptionally. They play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. In the context of cancer, miRNAs are key regulators of growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance.

Main body

This review primarily focuses on miR-939 and its expanding roles and target genes in cancer pathogenesis. It compiles findings from various investigations. MiRNAs, due to their dysregulated expression in tumor environments, hold potential as cancer biomarkers. Several studies have highlighted the dysregulation of miR-939 expression in human cancers.

Conclusion

Our study highlights the potential of miR-939 as a valuable target in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. The aberrant expression of miR-939, along with other miRNAs, underscores their significance in advancing our understanding of cancer biology and their promise in personalized cancer care.
Pan-immune-inflammation value and body mass index to predict survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Hafez Mohamed Ahmed Abdel , Salam Mahmoud Salah Abdel , Shoeib Sabry Abdullah , El Meligy Sara Gamal , Afifi Rania Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Background

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), constituting 31% of all NHL. Malignancy and inflammation are closely linked. Inflammatory processes have been identified to play an important role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma. Obesity is a well-known risk factor not only for the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes but also for the development of several types of cancer, including lymphomas.

Objective

To find out the association of pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and body mass index (BMI) with survival in adults with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Patients and methods

We conducted an observational retrospective study on 110 patients to unravel the association of PIV and BMI with survival outcome in a cohort of adults diagnosed as de novo DLBCL (NOS) and treated at the hematology units of International Medical Center, Helwan and Menoufia University Hospitals, in the period from 2014 to 2018.

Results

The mean age of the studied patients was 54.27 years, the mean BMI was 28.91, and the median and IQR for PIV were 195.84 (96.20–498.52). The cutoff value for detecting mortality in BMI was 29.74 kg/m2 with poor sensitivity (44.4%) and poor specificity (67.2%). The cutoff value for detecting mortality in PIV was 250.49 with poor sensitivity (50.0%) and poor specificity (67.2%). The mean duration of overall survival was 21.596 months. There was nonsignificant difference regarding 2-year overall survival according to BMI grouping (p-value = 0.195) and PIV grouping (p-value = 0.275).

Conclusion

Neither PIV nor BMI were associated with 2-year overall survival in patients with DLBCL.
Integration of neuroscience into psychiatric training and practice: suggestions for implementation
Authors: Mark Isabel , Poole Norman , Agrawal Niruj
Published: April 2024

Mainstream psychiatric practice requires a solid grounding in neuroscience, an important part of the biopsychosocial model, allowing for holistic person-centred care. There have been repeated calls for better integration of neuroscience into training, although so far with less focus on implementation for life-long learning. We suggest that such training should be accessible and utilised by all psychiatrists, not solely those with a special interest in neuropsychiatry. By considering recent positive developments within the general psychiatry curricula and neuropsychiatric resource implementation, we propose strategies for how this can be progressed, minimising regional disparities within the growing world of virtual learning.
Transnational Temporalities: Capitalism, Crisis, Social Movements
Authors: Gallo Lassere Davide
Published: April 2024

The article reconsiders contemporary internationalist experiences in relation to the multiple temporalities that characterized key cycles of struggles in the 2010s. Although these cycles are heterogeneous in social and political composition, they have resulted in significant synchronizations. The article's specificity lies in linking a reinterpretation of internationalism to an examination of the role that multitemporalities play both in longue durée capital development and in the various phases that characterized the post-2008 world. The series of crises that have marked the past decade have in fact led to contradictory outcomes, on the one hand opening the door to the rise of post-fascist forces, while on the other hand triggering unusual and powerful struggles. These outcomes have contradictory political orientations but are united by the fact they all have temporalities that are discordant with those initially imposed by capitalist processes. With regard to social movements, the article shows how the diversity of the geographies, practices, and claims animating them can be understood as unfolding “within and against” the post-2008 global scenario. It illustrates how contemporary social movements exhibit complex and contradictory rhythms and temporalities, arguing that the tuning between these multitemporalities is vital for rethinking the renewal of internationalism today.
On Anti-colonial Time: Encountering Archival Traces in a Haunted Present
Authors: Salem Sara
Published: April 2024

This article explores anticolonial memory and anticolonial archiving as entry points into broader questions of time, temporality, and the politics of the present. Thinking with Egypt's project of decolonization in the mid-twentieth century, it demonstrates the varying ways in which anticolonial pasts express themselves in the present, and what this might suggest about the future. It thinks through two forms of anticolonial memory: one fleeting and fragmented, the other institutionalized and material, and asks how these different forms of memory constitute different types of anticolonial archives. Both forms of memory and practices of archiving appear in the present, albeit in vastly differing ways. The first form is a series of vignettes around Gamal Abdel Nasser and Patrice Lumumba, and the connections between them, their families, and anticolonial Egypt and anticolonial Congo during the 1950s and 1960s. The second form is the practice of economic nationalization that was a central pillar of Nasser's project in Egypt throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Through these two forms, the article demonstrates both the urgency of the past and the present in Egypt, as well as the ways in which the crisis of the anticolonial past has structured the crisis of the postcolonial present.
Nope
Authors: Brown William
Published: April 2024

Jordan Peele's Nope (2022) features a shape-shifting and Cthulhu-esque alien that feeds off settlers and other arrivants in the California desert. Focusing in particular on the Haywoods, a family of Hollywood horse wranglers descended from the otherwise anonymous Black rider on the horse of Eadweard Muybridge's famous Animal Locomotion Plate 626, Nope can be read as suggesting the ubiquitous nature of anti-Black violence. Furthermore, this essay will suggest that the informe nature of the alien, referred to in the film as Jean Jacket, and which eventually reveals itself to be something like a giant jellyfish, also mirrors the way in which Blackness has historically been—and continues to be—treated likewise as informe, or what Zakiyyah Iman Jackson refers to as “plastic.” In other words, Nope suggests that Blackness is linked in the white Western imagination to plasticity and animality, as made clear by the restaging in Peele's film of the Muybridge sequence, but now featuring Jean Jacket and OJ Haywood (Daniel Kaluuya). Finally, by exploring Blackness as effectively “alien” to white hegemony, Nope suggests a Black cinema that appropriates that “alienness” and one that becomes a vernacular/informal countercinema that resists white supremacy.
Multigame Contact: A Double-Edged Sword for Cooperation
Authors: Laferrière Vincent , Montez Joao , Roux Catherine , Thöni Christian
Published: April 2024

We study experimentally the effect of multigame contact on cooperation, with each subject playing a pair of indefinitely repeated prisoner’s dilemmas. Multigame contact is present if a subject plays both games with a single partner, and it is absent if each of the two games is played with a different partner. In contrast to the theoretical prediction, multigame contact does not increase overall cooperation rates. Nonetheless, multigame contact systematically affects behavior and outcomes, acting like a double-edged sword, in the sense that subjects link decisions across games and, consequently, mutual cooperation and mutual defection in both games become more likely. (JEL C72, C73, C92, D91)
Media Competition and News Diets
Authors: Angelucci Charles , Cagé Julia , Sinkinson Michael
Published: April 2024

Technological innovations like broadcast television and the internet challenge local newspapers’ business model of bundling their local content with third-party content, such as wire national news. We examine how the entry of television affected newspapers and news diets in the United States. We construct a dataset of newspapers’ economic performance and content choices from 1944 to 1964 and exploit quasi-random variation in the rollout of television to show its negative impact in the readership and advertising markets. Newspapers responded by reducing content, particularly local news. We tie this change to increased party vote share congruence between congressional and presidential elections. (JEL D72, L25, L82, M37, N42, N72)
(Reverse) Price Discrimination with Information Design
Authors: Wei Dong , Green Brett
Published: April 2024

A seller markets a good to a customer whose willingness to pay depends on his private type and the good's quality. The seller designs a screening mechanism that specifies both transfers and information revealed about quality. We show that the optimal mechanism can be implemented by a menu of price-experiment pairs, featuring both price discrimination and information discrimination: buyers with higher private types face lower prices and receive less discerning positive signals. Moreover, we demonstrate the complementarity between these two forms of discrimination. Information design facilitates surplus creation on the extensive margin, but causes surplus destruction on the intensive margin. (JEL D21, D42, D82, L15, M31)
„Sentymentu dla niej nie miał i nie ma…” Generał Maurice Gamelin wobec sojuszu Francji i Rzeczypospolitej (1935 r. – wrzesień 1939 r.)
Authors: Mazur Wojciech
Published: April 2024

W latach bezpośrednio poprzedzających wybuch II wojny światowej i w początkowej jej fazie gen. Maurice Gamelin należał do wąskiego kręgu osobistości wywierających szczególny wpływ na bieg wydarzeń. Odnosiło się to także do polityczno-wojskowych relacji Francji z jej polskim sojusznikiem, niezwykle istotnych szczególnie dla tego ostatniego. Proponowany tekst stanowi próbę całościowej analizy tej kwestii.
Lemkin i Bauman – dwie koncepcje ludobójstwa
Authors: Ceran Tomasz
Published: April 2024

Wśród pięćdziesięciu kluczowych myślicieli analizujących Holocaust i ludobójstwo wymienia się dwóch Polaków pochodzenia żydowskiego: prawnika Rafała Lemkina i socjologa Zygmunta Baumana. Celem artykułu są charakterystyka i analiza porównawcza dwóch koncepcji ludobójstwa (genocydu), okoliczności, w jakich powstały, oraz próba odpowiedzi, która koncepcja lepiej tłumaczy genocyd rozumiany jako zjawisko historyczne oraz szczególny rodzaj zbrodni masowej.
W stronę idealnej wizji dziejów Polski w XX wieku. Polska polityka historyczna po 2015 roku
Authors: Stobiecki Rafał
Published: April 2024

Artykuł jest próbą krytycznego spojrzenia na politykę historyczną Prawa i Sprawiedliwości po 2015 r., ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem tworzonej w jej obrębie nowej wizji dwudziestowiecznych dziejów Polski. Zaczyna ona niepokojąco przypominać historyczną utopię – idealny obraz przeszłości, z wyraźnym zaznaczeniem konfliktu absolutnie rozumianego „dobra” i „zła”, z modelowymi bohaterami, którzy winni się stać wzorami dla kolejnych pokoleń.
Polskie nazwy istot demonicznych w opowiadania „Wiedźmin” Andrzeja Sapkowskiego i ich chińskie tłumaczenie – uwarunkowania kulturowe i techniki przekładu
Authors: Kamper-Warejko Joanna , Gao Jie
Published: April 2024

Przedmiotem pracy są nazwy istot mitologicznych występujące w opowiadaniu Wiedźmin autorstwa Andrzeja Sapkowskiego i ich tłumaczenie w chińskim przekładzie tekstu. To polskie dzieło fantasy jest bardzo popularne na całym świecie, ma także dużą liczbę czytelników i fanów gier adaptowanych w Chinach. Celem pracy jest przybliżenie nazw stworzeń nadprzyrodzonych pojawiających się w tekście, zarysowanie różnic kulturowych i trudności w tłumaczeniu oraz uchwycenie mechanizmów ich przekładu z języka polskiego na chiński (Lie mo shi :zui hou de yuan wang 《獵魔士:最后的愿望》 Wei-Yun Lin-Górecka 2011). Analiza daje odpowiedź na pytanie, jaką technikę najczęściej stosowała autorka przekładu bezpośredniego. Jest nią ekwiwalencja, ale również przeniesienie nazw. Jako tło porównawcze posłużyła pośrednia wersja tłumaczenia, z języka angielskiego.
Błędy tłumaczeniowe w tekstach przewodników turystycznych na podstawie prac studentów II roku filologii rosyjskiej 1. stopnia (zarys problematyki)
Authors: Jaszczewska Magdalena
Published: April 2024

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza błędów tłumaczeniowych popełnianych przez studentów rusycystyki będących na wczesnym etapie edukacji w zakresie języka rosyjskiego oraz przekładu turystycznego (przewodników turystycznych, okazjonalnie broszur turystycznych), próba nakreślenia ich przyczyn oraz oceny. Temat ten jest aktualny przede wszystkim ze względu na skąpą reprezentację tego typu tłumaczeń w ofercie polskich uczelni na 1. stopniu studiów filologicznych. Analiza zaprezentowanego w artykule materiału badawczego pozwala na wysunięcie wniosków, iż dysponując ograniczoną ilością czasu, pojawiające się licznie błędy tłumaczeniowe w pracach studentów (oraz towarzyszące im błędy stricte językowe), można jedynie zminimalizować poprzez określony dobór ćwiczeń oraz indywidualną pracę ze studentem.
DARIA, a new book series by the University of Maribor Press dedicated to translation and Translation Studies
Authors: Koletnik Melita
Published: April 2024

Review of a book series issued by University of Maribor entitled „Daria”.
Kariera prowincjonalnego szlachcica: Przypadki pisarza i sędziego ziemskiego zatorskiego Jana Pisarzowskiego (1599-1679)
Authors: Kwiatek Agata
Published: April 2024

This monograph presents the career of Jan Pisarzowski (1599–1679), a Lesser Poland nobleman from the village of Pisarzowice near Zator. The topic of socio-political advancement among members of middle noble families has only been discussed to a limited extent in Polish literature on the subject. Historians have described the careers of only some members of the nobility in separate publications, most of which were merely contributory articles in magazines, collections of post-conference materials, or short entries in the Polish Biographical Dictionary. This undoubtedly stemmed from deficiencies in the source materials. Polish archives and libraries mainly preserve documents related to members of families belonging to the senatorial and dignitary elite of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the early modern era.
Evaluación integral en dolor y cuidado paliativo
Authors: Isaza-Narváez Ana Milena , Moreno-Serrano Nancy Lucía , Rodríguez-Martínez Carlos
Published: April 2024

El presente capítulo se divide en dos secciones: la primera se enfoca en la evaluación algesiológica, y la segunda, en la evaluación paliativa. Todo el proceso comienza con el evaluador, quien debe tener en cuenta la siguiente premisa: “no todos los dolores ni todas las experiencias de enfermedad son iguales”. En este tipo de consulta, la historia de la evolución del problema y descripción sintomática es tan importante como la explicación que da el paciente de su problema, del impacto en su vida y su familia. Lo anterior implica tiempo, capacidad de escucha, capacidad de observación y paciencia para escuchar los temas personales del paciente. Igualmente, deberán tenerse en cuenta las recomendaciones de bioseguridad, dada la pandemia por covid-19. De la comprensión de la evaluación multidimensional, se realizarán articulaciones con el modelo de atención, lo cual se profundiza en otros capítulos de este libro.
Dolor lumbar
Authors: Jaramillo-Mejía Jaime
Published: April 2024

A partir de una revisión narrativa de la literatura, del análisis crítico de la práctica actual y de la experiencia personal, en este capítulo el autor propone cambiar el enfoque tradicional en procura de mejorar los resultados del ejercicio clínico y de guiar el encuentro entre el médico y su paciente hacia un nuevo enfoque que oriente los procesos sanativos y mejore las experiencias de ambos. Se empieza por describir los sistemas para clasificar al dolor lumbar y los métodos para descartar patologías o comorbilidades graves y para determinar el enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico más apropiado. Luego, se presentan las cifras epidemiológicas y las evidencias sobre posibles conexiones entre el dolor lumbar crónico y la postura erecta, la bipedestación, el estilo de vida sedentario y las actividades laborales o recreativas. En los apartes finales se analizan las estructuras más implicadas y se describen las pruebas diagnósticas mejor recomendadas para diagnosticar los síndromes más relevantes, así como los tratamientos eficaces, según las recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia científica. Una vez expuesto todo lo mencionado, se analizan críticamente los métodos “cuantitativos” y su contribución en los pobres resultados que los procesos diagnósticos y terapéuticos han obtenido hasta la fecha.
Terapias alternativas y complementarias en el manejo del dolor y cuidado paliativo
Authors: Castro-Ossa Wilson , Galvis-López Gladys
Published: April 2024

Las terapias alternativas y complementarias, dada su concepción holista del ser, acompañan esta perspectiva de cuidado, así como formas diversas de beneficiar y evitar dolor y sufrimiento. El objetivo de este capítulo es presentar dichas terapéuticas, así como su importancia en el manejo del dolor, del bienestar y de la calidad de vida, de manera que brinde un panorama general para el clínico no experto, teniendo en cuenta que su aplicación adecuada requiere formación especializada, pero su conocimiento permite integrarlas al manejo convencional dentro del concepto de medicina integrativa.
El duelo en cuidado paliativo: de las malas noticias al acompañamiento después de la muerte
Authors: Moreno-Serrano Nancy Lucía
Published: April 2024

En este capítulo abordaremos el proceso de duelo en enfermedades susceptibles de cuidado paliativo. Comenzamos con el acto médico que desencadena la comunicación de malas noticias. Posteriormente, se aborda el proceso de duelo anticipado en el paciente y en su familia, el cual es muy variado, pues no se trata de una secuencia lógica o camino que recorre la persona. En dicho proceso se identifican oportunidades de acompañamiento e intervención, cuyo objetivo es aliviar, acompañar y asesorar la toma de decisiones, para preservar la dignidad y autonomía del paciente. Este capítulo se enfoca en los adultos.
TRÊS MULHERES E UMA RUA: COINCIDÊNCIAS FORTUITAS E ATOS GRATUITOS EM BINGHAM STREET
Authors: Pierini Fábio Lucas
Published: April 2024

Admitimos que é difícil delimitar definitivamente o fantástico bem como distingui-lo do insólito como gênero narrativo à parte, mas quando avaliamos a ambos como produto de uma reação sociocognitiva a uma contingência sociocultural, pressupondo conhecer não apenas o contexto sócio-histórico de produção da obra como também a formação intelectual e as tendências ideológicas do autor, a tarefa se torna mais factível. A conclusão parcial à qual chegamos é que, ainda havendo grandes zonas de intersecção entre temas e técnicas narrativas, podemos estar diante de gêneros narrativos distintos: a partir da concepção de que o sobrenatural é uma figura de linguagem que torna concebível aquilo que está indisponível (seja porque ainda não foi descoberto, seja porque simplesmente não existe) é possível considerá-lo um recurso narrativo para além da simples representação de eventos que superam a capacidade física, intelectual ou tecnológica da ação humana sobre o mundo. O sobrenatural passa a ser, assim, um recurso narrativo que torna perceptível, seja de forma evidente, seja de forma sutil, relações de causa e efeito até então desconhecidas ou não formalizadas tanto pelos personagens quanto pelo leitor. Dessa forma, podemos entender que enquanto o fantástico é uma narrativa que problematiza as implicações de um evento ser ou não real, o insólito questiona o próprio conceito de real. No caso do conto aqui analisado, “Quando de uma guinada pela rua Bingham” (Umwege durch Bingham Street) (1965), de Johannes Urzidil (1896-1970), acompanhamos uma discussão que, essencialmente, opõe coincidências fortuitas aos atos gratuitos: duas mortes desencadeadas pela mesma criança fariam dela um instrumento do destino ou tudo não passa de uma leitura enviesada dos fatos?
SOBREVIDA LITERÁRIA E TRANSMÍDIA DE PERSONAGENS CLÁSSICOS: DOUTOR BENINUS E VITÓRIA ACAUÃ NO UNIVERSO DE BRASILIANA STEAMPUNK
Authors: Tavares Enéias , Bonesso Daniel
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo, analisaremos a série transmídia Brasiliana Steampunk, uma série que reescreve o cânone brasileiro do século XIX – tanto o insólito quanto o realista – a partir da reconfiguração de personagens e reposicionamento de modos narrativos e ambientações. Nosso recorte será a da sobrevida de dois personagens canônicos do século XIX, a saber Vitória Acauã, criada por Inglês de Sousa em Contos Amazônicos, e Doutor Benignus, idealizado por Augusto Emílio Zaluar em obra homônima. A partir da origem desses dois personagens, abordaremos seus respectivos reposionamentos intertextuais e intermidiáticos no caso de uma série produzida no século XXI, resultando numa atualização da tradição e do cânone literário brasileiro em um contexto de ficção popular produzida para novos suportes tecnológicos, em materialidades físicas e digitais. Enquanto supor teórico para essa investigação, partiremos do conceito de sobrevida de personagens literários, de Carlos Reis, além de abordarmos o aspecto transmídia da série a partir do conceito cunhado por Henry Jenkins e do gênero steampunk enquanto “reciclagem”, ideia defendida pelos críticos franceses Jean-Jacques Girardot e Fabrice Méreste.
A (TRANS)FORMAÇÃO DOS SERES VIVENTES EM BUGÔNIA, DE DANIEL GALERA
Authors: Vital Ferreira Letícia
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo apresenta uma leitura ecocrítica da novela de ficção científica Bugônias (2022), de Daniel Galera. Um aporte crítico atualizado foi mobilizado para analisar a participação dos diferentes seres viventes na narrativa, dando-se destaque às alianças inter e intra-espécies, especialmente aquela entre humanos e abelhas, representada de maneira insólita na obra. A esse respeito, chamamos atenção ao modo como a representação dos animais na narrativa foge da canônica ao conceder agentividade aos não-humanos. Enfatizamos também a importância dada à questão do tempo presente e das transformações constantes nas alianças e nos seres, especialmente após a queda de um astronauta alienígena. Nesse aspecto, a jornada da personagem principal, Chama, será entendida a partir da perspectiva das histórias de amadurecimento pois possui características típicas desses romances, mas altera algumas das lógicas presentes no romance de formação tradicional, especialmente no que se refere à participação feminina. É considerado que, ao invés de se adequar à sociedade ao seu redor, a metamorfose de Chama altera toda a sua comunidade. Por fim, é defendido que também o Organismo toma parte em um processo formativo, transformando-se em sistema simpoético.
Artificial Pancreas – Hybrid Closed Loop: an impending revolution
Authors: Basavaraju Navya , Jones Annamarie , Moulik Probal K
Published: April 2024

Navya Basavaraju, Annamarie Jones, and Probal K Moulik detail the latest breakthrough in diabetes management
Improving wound infection management: education and evaluation of an infection management pathway
Authors: Woo Kevin , Coca Pere , Moura Anabela , Woodmansey Emma , Styche Tim , Polignano Roberto
Published: April 2024

Objective:

To assess the clinical impact and acceptance of an infection management (IM) pathway, designed to improve the consistency of care of wound infection when introduced, and supported by an educational programme.

Method:

An education and evaluation programme (T3 programme) was-conducted in Portugal, Spain and Italy. This consisted of a two-hour educational, virtual seminar, followed by a four-week evaluation of an IM pathway during which survey data were collected on the impact of this pathway on clinician-selected patients. Finally, all participants reconvened for a virtual meeting during which the combined results were disseminated. The pathway provided guidance to clinicians regarding the targeted use of antimicrobial wound dressings according to the presence and absence of signs and symptoms of wound infection.

Results:

Responses relating to 259 patients treated according to the IM pathway, 139 (53.7%) of whom had received previous antimicrobial treatment, were captured. Signs and symptoms of infection resolved within four weeks of treatment in >90% of patients. All 25 patients who had received prior antimicrobial treatment for ≥3 months experienced a resolution in the signs and symptoms of infection within four weeks. The majority of participating clinicians agreed that the IM pathway improved decision-making (94.9%) and confidence (97.3%), and helped to determine the correct antimicrobial treatment (91.4%) in the context of wound infection.

Conclusion:

The T3 programme was an efficient way to deliver a structured educational programme. The use of the IM pathway resulted in >90% of patients achieving resolution of their signs and symptoms of wound infection.
Safety and effectiveness of an antiseptic wound cleansing and irrigation solution containing polyhexamethylene biguanide
Authors: Rippon Mark G , Daly Kristian , Rogers Alan A , Westgate Samantha
Published: April 2024

Objective:

There is currently a wide range of cleansing and irrigation solutions available for wounds, many of which contain antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of HydroClean Solution (HARTMANN, Germany), a polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB)-containing irrigation solution, in a standard cytotoxicity assay, and to assess its effect in a three-dimensional (3D) full-thickness model of human skin.

Method:

A number of commercially available wound cleansing and irrigation solutions, including the PHMB-containing irrigation solution, were tested in a cytotoxicity assay using L929 mouse fibroblasts (ISO 10993-5:2009). The PHMB-containing irrigation solution was then assessed in an in vitro human keratinocyte–fibroblast 3D full-thickness wounded skin model to determine its effect on wound healing over six days. The effect of the PHMB-containing irrigation solution on tissue viability was measured using a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, and proinflammatory effects were measured using an interleukin-6 (IL-6) production assay.

Results:

The PHMB-containing irrigation solution was shown to be equivalent to other commercially available cleansing and irrigation solutions when tested in the L929 fibroblast cytotoxicity assay. When assessed in the in vitro 3D human full-thickness wound healing model, the PHMB-containing irrigation solution treatment resulted in no difference in levels of LDH or IL-6 when compared with levels produced in control Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline cultures. There was, however, a pronounced tissue thickening of the skin model in the periwound region.

Conclusion:

The experimental data presented in this study support the conclusion that the PHMB-containing irrigation solution has a safety profile similar to other commercially available cleansing and irrigation solutions. Evidence also suggests that the PHMB-containing irrigation solution does not affect tissue viability or proinflammatory cytokine production, as evidenced by LDH levels or the production of IL-6 in a 3D human full-thickness wound healing model. The PHMB-containing irrigation solution stimulated new tissue growth in the periwound region of the skin model.
Clinicopathological characteristics and typing of multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential
Authors: Gao Wen-Long , Li Gang , Zhu Dong-Sheng , Niu Yuan-Jie
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Up until now, no research has been reported on the association between the clinical growth rate of multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential (MCRNLMP) and computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics. Our study sought to examine the correlation between them, with the objective of distinguishing unique features of MCRNLMP from renal cysts and exploring effective management strategies.

AIM

To investigate optimal management strategies of MCRNLMP.

METHODS

We retrospectively collected and analyzed data from 1520 patients, comprising 1444 with renal cysts and 76 with MCRNLMP, who underwent renal cyst decompression, radical nephrectomy, or nephron-sparing surgery for renal cystic disease between January 2013 and December 2021 at our institution. Detection of MCRNLMP utilized the Bosniak classification for imaging and the 2016 World Health Organization criteria for clinical pathology.

RESULTS

Our meticulous exploration has revealed compelling findings on the occurrence of MCRNLMP. Precisely, it comprises 1.48% of all cases involving simple renal cysts, 5.26% of those with complex renal cysts, and a noteworthy 12.11% of renal tumors coexisting with renal cysts, indicating a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001). Moreover, MCRNLMP constituted a significant 22.37% of the patient population whose cysts demonstrated a rapid growth rate of ≥ 2.0 cm/year, whereas it only represented 0.66% among those with a growth rate below 2.0 cm/year. Of the 76 MCRNLMP cases studied, none of the nine patients who underwent subsequent nephron-sparing surgery or radical nephrectomy following renal cyst decompression experienced recurrence or metastasis. In the remaining 67 patients, who were actively monitored over a 3-year postoperative period, only one showed suspicious recurrence on CT scans.

CONCLUSION

MCRNLMP can be tentatively identified and categorized into three types based on CT scanning and growth rate indicators. In treating MCRNLMP, partial nephrectomy is preferred, while radical nephrectomy should be minimized. After surgery, active monitoring is advisable to prevent unnecessary nephrectomy.
Type one autoimmune pancreatitis based on clinical diagnosis: A case report
Authors: Zhang Bi-Yu , Liang Mou-Wang , Zhang Shuang-Xi
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare form of autoimmune-mediated pancreatitis, which is easily misdiagnosed as pancreatic cancer and thus treated surgically. We studied the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with type 1 AIP recently admitted to our hospital, and reviewed the literature to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis of AIP.

CASE SUMMARY

The chief complaint was yellowing of the body, eyes and urine for 21 d. The patient's clinical presentation was obstructive jaundice and imaging suggested pancreatic swelling. It was difficult to distinguish between inflammation and tumor. Serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) was markedly elevated. IgG4 is an important serological marker for type 1 AIP. The patient was diagnosed with AIP, IgG4-related cholangitis, acute cholecystitis and hepatic impairment. After applying hormonal therapy, the patient's symptoms improved significantly. At the same time, imaging suggested that pancreatic swelling subsided, and liver function and other biochemical indicators decreased. The treatment was effective.

CONCLUSION

In patients with pancreatic swelling, the possibility of AIP should be considered.
Ultrasound-guided sphenopalatine ganglion block for effective analgesia during awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation: A case report
Authors: Kang Hangil , Park Seongjae , Jin Yehun
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation (AFNI) is the preferred airway management strategy for patients with difficult airways. However, this procedure can cause significant physical and psychological distress. This case report explores the application of a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block as an alternative analgesic modality to mitigate the discomfort associated with AFNI.

CASE SUMMARY

A 63-year-old female with a history of right maxillary osteosarcoma underwent craniotomy for a suspected malignant brain lesion. The patient’s medical history included prior surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, resulting in significant jaw impairment and limited neck mobility. Considering the anticipated airway challenges, AFNI was planned. A SPG block was performed under real-time ultrasound guidance, providing effective analgesia during nasotracheal intubation.

CONCLUSION

The SPG block represents a promising analgesic approach in AFNI, offering potential benefits in alleviating pain involving the nasal and nasopharyngeal regions as well as improving patient cooperation.
Appendiceal bleeding caused by vascular malformation: A case report
Authors: Ma Qin , Du Jin-Jie
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is a common occurrence in clinical practice. However, appendiceal bleeding is an extremely rare condition that can easily be overlooked and misdiagnosed. The preoperative detection of appendiceal bleeding often poses challenges due to the lack of related guidelines and consensus, resulting in controversial treatment approaches.

CASE SUMMARY

We presented a case of a 33-year-old female who complained of hematochezia that had lasted for 1 d. Colonoscopy revealed continuous bleeding in the appendiceal orifice. A laparoscopic appendectomy was performed immediately, and a pulsating blood vessel was observed in the mesangium of the appendix, accordingly, active bleeding into the appendicular lumen was considered. Pathological examination revealed numerous hyperplastic vessels in the appendiceal mucosa and dilated capillary vessels.

CONCLUSION

The preoperative detection of appendiceal bleeding is often challenging, colonoscopy is extremely important, bowel preparation is not routinely recommended for patients with acute LGIB or only low-dose bowel preparation is recommended. Laparoscopic appendectomy is the most appropriate treatment for appendiceal bleeding.
Preliminary study on the diversity and quantity analysis of oral bacteria according to the sampling methods
Authors: Sim Seon-Ju , Kim Ji-Hye , Shin Hye-Sun
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Oral bacterial samples included subgingival, supragingival, and saliva plaques. As the diversity and number of microorganisms deffer depending on the area of the oral cavity and the method used, an appropriate and reliable collection method is important. The present study investigated oral bacterial sampling methods. Methods: Supragingival dental plaque was collected from the buccal and lingual tooth surfaces of study participants using sterilized cotton swabs. Plaques were collected from the subgingival area using a sterilized curette. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted using MagNA Pure 96 DNA and Viral NA low-volume kits. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using the PowerCheck™ Periodontitis Pathogens Multiplex Real-time PCR kit. Results: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum of the orange complex were not observed in the subgingival biofilms of all study participants. For Porphyromonas. gingivalis, a significant correlation was observed between supragingival, subgingival, and total tooth surface biofilms. Compared to the supragingival and subgingival biofilmss, total tooth surface biofilm exhibited the highest bacterial count when the inswabbing method was used. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the supragingival swab method is recommended for oral bacterial research.
Association between emotional support from family and tooth brushing according to cohabitation among adults
Authors: Lee Yu-Rim , Kim Nam-Hee
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study examines the association between emotional support and tooth brushing according to family cohabitation in the socio ecological model. Methods: The study used data from face-to-face interviews of 719 adults aged 3090 years, living in Gangwon State. The dependent variables were tooth brushing after lunch and dinner (including before going to bed). The independent variables were living conditions and emotional support. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between emotional support and tooth brushing. Results: The results showed that 81.4% of people lived with their family, and 85.9% had family (friends) with whom they could share oral problems (p<0.01). Among those living with their family, 82.3% (p>0.05) brushed after lunch and 81.9% (p>0.05) brushed after dinner. Tooth brushing after lunch was 1.5 times more likely among those who shared oral problems with their family (friends); however, this was not statistically significant (95% CI: 0.92-2.29). Tooth brushing after dinner was 1.0 times more likely among those who shared oral problems with their family (friends); however, this was not statistically significant (95% CI: 0.43-2.35). Conclusions: Emotional support may help to promote tooth brushing practice among adults.
Factors influencing positive psychological capital of dental hygiene students
Authors: Kim Hyeong-Mi , Byun Ji-Eun , Kim Chang-Hee
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to explore ways to improve the level of positive psychological capital of dental hygiene students. After comparing the levels of positive psychological capital, social support, and emotional regulation ability of dental hygiene students and identifying correlations, the sub-factors of social support and emotional regulation ability that affect positive psychological capital were identified. Methods: A survey of 70 questions was conducted targeting 310 dental hygiene students in Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do. The results were subjected to exploratory factor analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, oneway ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the PASW statistics 18.0 program. Results: The level of positive psychological capital was high when students had high grades and perceived positive relationships with professors and peers (p<0.001). Factors highly correlated with positive psychological capital include ‘self-emotional regulation ability’ among ‘emotion regulation abilities’ (r=0.665, p<0.001), and ‘emotional support related to daily life’ recognized ‘social support’ (r=0.635, p<0.001), followed by ‘social support’ (r=0.602, p<0.001). Factors affecting positive psychological capital include ‘self-emotion recognized ability’ (β=0.377, p<0.001), ‘quality of professor relationship’ (β=0.201, p<0.001), and ‘emotion control ability’. Among ‘social support’, ‘emotional support related to daily life’ (β=0.201, p=0.003) and ‘grades’ (β=0.159, p<0.001), and among ‘social support’, ‘social-related support’ (β=0.149, p=0.016), followed by ‘grade’ (β=0.076, p=0.043) were identified. Conclusions: To improve the positive psychological capital of dental hygiene students, efforts should be made to improve self-emotion regulation ability, professor relationships, emotional support related to daily life, and social support.
Can life events predict first-time suicide attempts? A nationwide longitudinal study
Authors: Christoffersen Mogens Nygaard , Khan Lorraine
Published: April 2024

The prevention paradox describes circumstances in which the majority of cases with a suicide attempt come from a population of low or moderate risk, and only a few from a ‘high-risk’ group. The assumption is that a low base rate in combination with multiple causes makes it impossible to identify a high-risk group with all suicide attempts.

The best way to study events such as first-time suicide attempts and their causes is to collect event history data. Administrative registers were used to identify a group at higher risk of suicidal behaviour within a population of six national birth cohorts (N = 300,000) born between 1980 and 1985 and followed from age 15 to 29 years. Estimation of risk parameters is based on the discrete-time logistic odds-ratio model.

Lifetime prevalence was 4.5% for first-time suicide attempts. Family background and family child-rearing factors were predicative of later first-time suicide attempts. A young person’s diagnosis with psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders (ADHD, anxiety, depression, PTSD), and being a victim of violence or sex offences contributed to the explanatory model. Contrary to the prevention paradox, results suggest that it is possible to identify a discrete high-risk group (<12%) among the population from whom two thirds of all first-time suicide attempts occur, but one third of observed suicide attempts derived from low- to moderate-risk groups.

Findings confirm the need for a combined strategy of universal, targeted and indicated prevention approaches in policy development and in strategic and practice responses, and some promising prevention strategies are presented.
Wagers for work: Decomposing the costs of cognitive effort
Authors: Master Sarah L. , Curtis Clayton E. , Dayan Peter
Published: April 2024

Some aspects of cognition are more taxing than others. Accordingly, many people will avoid cognitively demanding tasks in favor of simpler alternatives. Which components of these tasks are costly, and how much, remains unknown. Here, we use a novel task design in which subjects request wages for completing cognitive tasks and a computational modeling procedure that decomposes their wages into the costs driving them. Using working memory as a test case, our approach revealed that gating new information into memory and protecting against interference are costly. Critically, other factors, like memory load, appeared less costly. Other key factors which may drive effort costs, such as error avoidance, had minimal influence on wage requests. Our approach is sensitive to individual differences, and could be used in psychiatric populations to understand the true underlying nature of apparent cognitive deficits.
Tick species diversity and potential distribution alternation of dominant ticks under different climate scenarios in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Ma Rui , Li Chunfu , Gao Ai , Jiang Na , Li Jian , Hu Wei , Feng Xinyu
Published: April 2024

Ticks are a hematophagous parasite and a vector of pathogens for numerous human and animal diseases of significant importance. The expansion of tick distribution and the increased risk of tick-borne diseases due to global climate change necessitates further study of the spatial distribution trend of ticks and their potential influencing factors. This study constructed a dataset of tick species distribution in Xinjiang for 60 years based on literature database retrieval and historical data collection (January 1963-January 2023). The distribution data were extracted, corrected, and deduplicated. The dominant tick species were selected for analysis using the MaxEnt model to assess their potential distribution in different periods under the current and BCC-CSM2.MR mode scenarios. The results indicated that there are eight genera and 48 species of ticks in 108 cities and counties of Xinjiang, with Hyalomma asiaticum, Rhipicephalus turanicus, Dermacentor marginatus, and Haemaphysalis punctatus being the top four dominant species. The MaxEnt model analysis revealed that the suitability areas of the four dominant ticks were mainly distributed in the north of Xinjiang, in areas such as Altay and Tacheng Prefecture. Over the next four periods, the medium and high suitable areas within the potential distribution range of the four tick species will expand towards the northwest. Additionally, new suitability areas will emerge in Altay, Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, and other local areas. The 60-year tick dataset in this study provides a map of preliminary tick distribution in Xinjiang, with a diverse array of tick species and distribution patterns throughout the area. In addition, the MaxEnt model revealed the spatial change characteristics and future distribution trend of ticks in Xinjiang, which can provide an instrumental data reference for tick monitoring and tick-borne disease risk prediction not only in the region but also in other countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.
Field physical model tests on the mechanism of river blocking by debris flow in the middle reaches of the Dadu River, Southwest China
Authors: Song Zhi , Zhan Yunxin , Chen Yanni , Fan Gang
Published: April 2024

Debris flow is a typical natural disaster in the middle reaches of the Dadu River, Southwest China. Field physical model tests were conducted to reveal the mechanism of river blocking by debris flow in the middle reaches of the Dadu River. The dynamic processes of riHver blocking by debris flows were revealed, and based on which three typical river-blocking modes of debris flow are observed, i.e. thrust-type river blocking, mixed-flow-type river blocking and progressive river blocking. The test results showed that the material composition of debris flows plays an important role in the river-blocking mode, only the tests that adopted the mixed soil and gravel exhibited the thrust-type river blocking mode. The material composition has a controlling effect on the thrust-type river-blocking model. Mixed-flow-type river-blocking mode appears most often in the tests with an intersection angle of 60°, because the small intersection angle is conducive to the mixing of the debris flow and the water in the main channel. The debris flows composed of sand tend to block the river with mixed-flow-type river-blocking mode, accounting for 50% of the occurrences in the model tests. The high flow rate and discharge in the main channel and the low flow rate and discharge in the branch channel are the key factors controlling the progressive river-blocking mode. The test results in this study can support the debris flow disaster prevention and mitigation in this area.