bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Friction stir welding of AISI-316L steel pipes: Mechanical and metallurgical characterization of the joint
Authors: Gain Suresh , Sanyal Dipankar , Acharyya Sanjib Kumar , Das Suman Kalyan
Published: April 2022

The present work attempts to develop a procedure for friction stir welding (FSW) of AISI-316L pipes. These pipes find applications across power, marine, food and chemical industries. Initially, welding is carried out in position control mode by setting parameters viz. spindle speed (RPM), transverse speed/feed rate (mm/min) and tool depth (mm) to get an idea about the welding process and to assess the effect of these parameters on the weldment. Based on the weld quality and the data recorded during the welding process, further welding is carried out in force control mode of the FSW setup. The welded joint at 300 rpm spindle speed and 35 kN force display greater strength (around 94%) compared to the base metal. The hardness of stir zone (SZ) as well as heat affected zone (HAZ) in welded samples was significantly higher compared to the base metal. The microstructural characterization revealed fine austenitic grain structures in SZ due to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization. In general, the weld is found to be consistent and the data obtained could be employed to produce high quality pipe welds.
Gait regulation of hindlimb based on central pattern generator in rats with a spinal cord injury
Authors: Shen Xiaoyan , Lou Xiongjie , Shao Wei , Li Zhiling , Wu Yan , Lu Song
Published: April 2022

A spinal stimulator that can regulate hindlimb movements using monopolar stimulation has not been developed yet. Nevertheless, in a previous study, we found a specific central pattern generator site on the right side of the rat spinal cord. By stimulating these sites with certain pulse signals, the alternating movement of the hindlimb can be obtained using fewer electrodes. Therefore, in this research, considering the specific central pattern generator site as the target, functional electrical stimulation was performed on rats with spinal cord injury using monopolar stimulation. Angle sensors were used to track and capture the knee joint angle data of the right hindlimb; thus, the mapping relationship between the voltage amplitude and the knee angle parameters was established. Based on this relationship, the rats’ hindlimb were controlled. Compared with the traditional spinal stimulator, the proposed approach increases the gait feedback, requires fewer electrodes, and simplifies the timing of stimulation. The rats with spinal cord injury were subjected to stimulation training for half an hour every day for 28 consecutive days. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score showed that 76% of the health level could be achieved on the 28th day. Finally, somatosensory evoked potential analysis showed that the measurement results were close to the standard value on the 28th day. This study lays a foundation for future rehabilitation research on the hindlimb.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Zolfaghari Pouria , Emamie Amir Darb , Rajabpour Mohammadreza , Zarei Atefe , Whiley David M , Pourmand Mohammad Reza , Pourmand Gholamreza
Published: April 2022

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection occurring worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated molecular epidemiological studies are crucial to ascertain the spread of antibiotic-resistant and developing the local treatment guidelines. This study was performed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and molecular epidemiology of N. gonorrhoeae isolates in Tehran, Iran. During 1 July 2018–30 July 2020, a total of 500 urogenital (468 endocervical, 32 urethral) swabs were collected from patients with signs and symptoms of genitourinary infections presenting to two women's hospitals and one health center located center and south of Tehran. Specimens were cultured and examined for the presence of N. gonorrhoeae isolates by biochemical tests. MIC Test Strip determined the MICs of ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and ciprofloxacin. Neisseria gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) was also performed. A total of 38  N. gonorrhoeae isolates were identified. The proportions of resistant N. gonorrhoeae isolates were as follows: ceftriaxone (MIC ≥0.125 μg/mL) 10.5% (4/38), azithromycin (MIC >1 μg/mL) 34% (13/38), and ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥1 μg/mL) 31.5% (12/38). In total, 25 different NG-MAST STs were identified. The STs comprised 1–4 isolates each, and the predominant ST was ST266 ( n = 4). Our study demonstrates a diverse gonococcal population with high rates of resistance to azithromycin and evidence of resistance to ceftriaxone. The results have potential implications for antibiotic choice for the gonococcal treatment and highlight the need to broaden gonococcal AMR monitoring in Iran.
Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination in people living with HIV/AIDS from Latin America
Authors: Ortiz-Martínez Yeimer , López-López Miguel Ángel , Ruiz-González Carlos E , Turbay-Caballero Valentina , Sacoto Daniel H , Caldera-Caballero Marcela , Bravo Heyman , Sarmiento Jheinner , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J
Published: April 2022

Background

Prior research has established some risk factors for an increased risk of severe disease and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the impact of HIV infection on SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity is a significant gap in the literature. In the same way, not many studies across the globe have analyzed the degree of vaccination willingness among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and considerations regarding prioritizing this population during vaccination plans, particularly in developing countries.

Methods

A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Self-completed electronic surveys directed to PLWHA were performed via Twitter in February 2021, using accounts of HIV activists.

Results

460 (87.1%) participants were willing to be vaccinated with any COVID-19 vaccine. The reasons for that were listed as 1) the belief that vaccination prevents both the COVID-19 infection (81.3%) as well as being a spreader (52.2%); 2) having a high occupational risk of becoming infected with COVID-19 (22%); and 3) the belief that they would be at high risk of death because of COVID-19 (21.3%). Only 56 (10.6%) participants expressed hesitancy toward vaccination, and 12 (2.2%) stated they did not want to get vaccinated.

Conclusions

Our results may support the prioritization of people living with HIV during the implementation of vaccination plans in developing countries. New strategies should be adopted to overcome the hesitancy and unwillingness toward the COVID-19 vaccination, especially in populations with risk factors for severe disease.
Factors associated with non-guideline-adherent treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia among outpatient prescriptions in the Unites States
Authors: Sittig Katherine R. , Collin Simon M. , Rosa Rossana
Published: April 2022

Background: Patients at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) frequently receive care at non-specialized outpatient clinics staffed by physicians and advanced practice clinicians (APCs).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study including adult patients diagnosed with chlamydia and/or gonorrhea at urgent care (UC), family medicine (FM), internal medicine (IM) or obstetrics and gynecology (Ob-Gyn) clinics. The effect of type of clinician on guideline-adherent treatment was estimated using logistic regression adjusted for age, type of clinic, type of infection, and (in female patients) pregnancy status.

Results: A total of 1021 patients were identified, 654 (64.1%) females and 367 (35.9%) males. Overall, 12.8% (84/654) of female patients and 19.1% (70/367) of male patients received inadequate antibiotic therapy. Among females, 63.5% (415/654) were treated by APCs and 36.5% (239/654) by physicians. Odds of inadequate therapy did not differ when comparing APCs to physicians (OR 0.83 [95% CI 0.52–1.32; p = .42] ). Variables independently associated with inadequate therapy were pregnancy (OR 3.80 [95% CI 1.55–6.10; p < .001]), infection with gonorrhea (OR 2.91 [95% CI 1.65–5.10; p < .0001]) and co-infection (OR 2.63 [95% CI 1.24–5.58; p = .01]) compared to infection with chlamydia alone. Compared to UC clinics, female patients treated at Ob-Gyn clinics had lower odds of inadequate therapy (OR 0.45 [95% CI 0.22–0.90; p = .02]). Among males, odds of inadequate therapy did not differ by clinician type.

Conclusions: Inadequate antibiotic therapy for chlamydia and/or gonorrhea was not associated with type of clinician. These results can help guide educational strategies and resources towards the clinical settings with the greatest gaps in adequacy of management of chlamydia and gonorrhea.
Is it narration or experience? The narrative effects of present-tense narration in Ali Smith’s How to Be Both
Authors: Shigematsu Eri
Published: April 2022

Present-tense narration has become a prevalent narrative style in English literature over the past few decades. This narrative style tended to be considered unnatural and odd in narrative theory in the late twentieth century (Cohn, 1999; Fludernik, 1996), since using the present tense to describe events at the story level of narrative was regarded as incongruous with the traditional story-telling convention of ‘live now and tell later’, in which the present tense is generally associated with the narrator’s deictic centre at the level of discourse. In contemporary present-tense narratives, however, the present tense is often employed as a narrative tense that develops the narrative plot-line, making the unmistakable demarcation between story and discourse impossible by means of tense. As a case study, this paper examines the narrative effects of using present-tense narration in Ali Smith’s How to Be B oth (2014). It demonstrates how in this novel, the unique handling of the narrative present tense serves to achieve the particular effects of blurring levels between experience and narration as well as past and present. These effects can only be appreciated by reconsidering the relationship between story and discourse and by clarifying the connection between the functions of present-tense narration and the novel’s central theme, being both. Suggesting that the narrative present tense has varied functions in this novel, such as figural and retrospective, this paper illustrates that the diverse usage of the narrative present tense adds to the unclear distinction between narrative levels.
Vittorio Maragliano (1878 −1944) in the history of European medicine: Grand master and pioneer of Italian radiology
Authors: Martini Mariano , Cardinale Adelfio Elio
Published: April 2022

Vittorio Maragliano was born in Genoa in 1878. Fascinated since childhood by all things electric, he succeeded in installing the first radiological apparatus in 1896, only one year after the discovery of “Röntgen rays”, and immediately began to make his first radioscopy observations. Having graduated from the University of Genoa in 1901 with a thesis on high-frequency currents, he continued assiduously to frequent the Department of Electrotherapy of the Medical Clinic, where he immediately became an assistant. A teacher of special medical pathology and physical therapy in 1910, Maragliano became tenured professor of electrotherapy and radiology in 1913, occupying one of the first three chairs in the history of Italian radiology, and later directed the Institute of Radiology of the Royal University of Genoa. In the same year, he co-founded, together with Aristide Busi, the Italian Society of Medical Radiology, one of Europe's first scientific societies of radiology.

As a pioneer of radiology, Maragliano suffered serious injuries due to radiodermatitis from 1901 onwards, which required amputations and repeated skin transplants. His tireless scientific activity and his great success in the international scientific sphere, together with his copious publications, make Vittorio Maragliano one of the greatest pioneers of 19th-century radiology and a source of pride for the Genoese and Ligurian School of Medicine.
Place-based Industrial Policy and Changes in the Manufacturing Sector in North-East India
Authors: Hrahsel Anna Lalruatfeli , Umdor Sumarbin
Published: April 2022

Place-based or location-based policies are policy instruments used in addressing the challenges of economic inequalities and disparities across underperforming areas and disadvantaged regions. The eight states in North-East India (NEI) are behind other states in various spheres of economic development, particularly in terms of their contribution to India’s manufacturing sector. Based on the data from Annual Survey of Industries at disaggregated (two-digit) level, this study examines the changes in the manufacturing landscape in the region during the period of implementation of place-based industrial policy from 1997–1998 to 2016–2017. Using structural ratios and technical coefficients, location quotient and kinked exponential model, the study presents the changing profile of manufacturing industries in the region for the period under study. The performance of NEI’s manufacturing sector is explained in terms of rising capital intensity, falling employment and increased labour productivity. Though there is a visible shift from industries manufacturing food products towards chemicals and non-metallic minerals, the region’s industrial base remains less diversified and lacks capital goods production.
Depressive Symptoms and Negative Experiences in School: A Network Analysis
Authors: Huang Yi , Macek Petr , Lu Jinjin
Published: April 2022

Negative experiences in school predict adolescents’ depression. However, the dynamic interactions of depressive symptoms with adolescents’ negative experiences in school remain unclear. This study aimed to applied network analysis to detect the complex relationships between early adolescents’ depressive symptoms and negative experiences in school. We adopted the data from a Chinese national survey conducted in 2018. Eight hundred ninety-seven adolescents from 10 to 15 years old were included. The measurements included an 8-item depression screener scale and a 14-item scale assessing negative experiences in school. The centrality analysis suggested that Chinese early adolescents’ core depressive symptoms were negative affections. Regarding “negative experiences in the school,” the most central nodes were poor academic performance and peer relationships. The bridge-centrality results showed negative emotions in school and difficulties in peer relationships were significantly linked to depression. Educators should pay attention to adolescents’ negative affection and difficulties in peer relationships in school settings because they are potential signs of depression. Relevant peer support intervention aiming for adolescents’ social development should be underscored.
Depression Is Associated With Myocardial Infarction Within a 2-Year Period Among Adults in China
Authors: Li Lydia W. , Cheng Greta Jianjia , Xu Hongwei , Zhang Zhenmei , Liu Jinyu , Conwell Yeates
Published: April 2022

We examined whether baseline depression is associated with myocardial infarction (MI) within a 2-year period among middle-age and older adults in China and whether the association varies by sociodemographic characteristics. Two-year longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample of people aged 45+ years in China were analyzed (N = 15 226). MI within the 2-year period was coded dichotomously. Baseline depression, assessed by the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, was used as a dichotomous and a continuous variable. After adjusting for medical conditions, lifestyle, and sociodemographic characteristics, the odds of having an MI within the 2-year period were 46% greater for respondents with clinically significant depression at baseline than those without. There was a dose–response relationship between symptom severity and the probability of having an MI. The association did not vary by sociodemographic characteristics. Findings suggested that depression screening and treatment may reduce MI cases in China and beyond.
From one crisis to another: changes in the governance of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
Authors: Pochet Philippe
Published: April 2022

The article examines the evolution of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in the aftermath of COVID-19 and compares the current crisis with the previous one (the financial crisis of 2008–2013). It does so by looking at the way interests, ideas and institutions have evolved over the last decade. It looks at the possible changes in European economic governance in the light of three different models of European integration. The goal is not only to describe the differences between the two periods of crisis but also to understand the amplitude of those changes. In the actor-centred ‘institutionalism’ approach of this article, particular attention is paid to conflicts and tensions including inside the EU institutions. This allow for the elements of continuity and rupture to be highlighted and for speculation on the possibility of a new paradigm emerging.
Custodial and Noncustodial Parent Predictors of Noncustodial Father Involvement
Authors: White Gerry L. , Briggs Harold E. , Banks Leon , Allen Junior Lloyd , Lowe Tony B.
Published: April 2022

This study theorizes the interrelationship between African American noncustodial father’s (NCF) (a) income, (b) child support payment (CSP), (c) satisfaction with custodial parent (CP) communication, and (d) satisfaction with the way the CP is raising his child as predictors of father’s involvement. Method: Regression models were tested along a hypothesized framework to determine direct and indirect influences to NCF’s involvement. Results: Based on regression results, new direct and indirect relationships were identified. Discussion: These findings suggest healthier communication, and timely child support payments are critical to NCF’s satisfaction with involvement as well as his views toward the CP.
Pre- and Post-Conception Relationship Duration and Parental Involvement Satisfaction among Noncustodial African American Fathers
Authors: Banks Leon , White Gerry L. , Allen Junior Lloyd , Huggins-Hoyt Kimberly Y. , Briggs Harold E. , Lowe Tony B.
Published: April 2022

This study examines how parental involvement satisfaction (PIS) in terms of accessibility, engagement, and responsibility (A-E-R) among of noncustodial African American fathers (NCAAFs) may be explained by the pre- and post-conception relationship durations they have with their children’s mothers, controlling for quality of communication satisfaction (QCS) with the mothers. Method: A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was performed with a sample size of N=163 NCAAFS who were surveyed participants in the Parenting Time Visitation Program (PTVP) in Atlanta and Savannah, Georgia communities. Results: There no significant relationships found between pre/post-conception relationship durations and PIS in terms of A-E-R, even when controlling for QCS. Correlational and crosstabulation analyses did reveal some interesting patterns of note. Discussion: This study extends the literature on noncustodial father involvement with their children and provides valuable insight to co-parenting studies.
The Influence of Daily Living Skill Profiles in Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorder on Early Intervention Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Educational Placement
Authors: Nah Yong-Hwee , Ng Sarah Shu-Ting
Published: April 2022

Research on early intervention (EI) teachers’ perceptions toward the educational placement of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been limited. This study examined the influence of daily living skills (DLS) profiles on EI teachers’ perception of educational placement in preschool students with ASD using vignettes featuring students with varying DLS profiles but with average academic abilities and motor skills. It also examined the influence of a child’s age on teachers’ perceptions and the teacher-related factors influencing these perceptions. Sample consisted of 118 participants (mean age = 31.9 years, SD = 8.48) randomly assigned to one of three conditions, where they were told that the students in the vignettes needed (1) full assistance, or (2) partial assistance, or (3) no assistance in DLS. They then rated whether the students would be suitable for entry into a mainstream primary school. Results indicated that teachers perceived children needing full or partial assistance in DLS to be less suitable for mainstream education. The child’s age also influenced the teachers’ perceptions. No association between teacher-related factors and teachers’ perception was found. Importance of DLS in EI was implied.
Effects of Enhanced Milieu Teaching and Book Reading on the Target Word Approximations of Young Children With Language Delay
Authors: Kang Veronica Y. , Kim Sunyoung
Published: April 2022

Teaching vocabularies to young children is critical as vocabulary is related to long-term language, literacy, and academic skills. The current study used a multiple probe design to examine the effects of enhanced milieu teaching with book reading on the use of word approximations in four 2- to 4-year-old females with language delay. The first author implemented the intervention in families’ homes for 3 to 5 days a week over 3 months. Through visual analysis and the calculation of effect sizes, the results showed that there was a functional relation between the intervention and the number and frequency of targeted word approximations. After six to 25 intervention sessions, participants used all five targeted word approximations, and the improvements were maintained up to 15 weeks. In addition, the total frequency of targeted word approximations used after prompts and the proportions of prompts used to elicit the targeted word approximations were measured and analyzed. Parents reported high social validity of the intervention via an anonymous questionnaire. Implications for practice and research of family-centered early intervention are discussed.
A case of hepatitis induced by herbal medicine in non-small cell lung cancer patient treated by a combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Lopes Sébastien , Anne Dory , Guillaume Pamart , Bruno Michel , Céline Mascaux , Bénédicte Gourieux
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Consumption of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widely described in cancer patient. However, their composition is not clearly defined and the proofs of safety or effectiveness are quite low. We reported here the case of a CAM-induced hepatitis.

Case summary

A 33-years-old men with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and treated by combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy developed hepatitis during 5 months. Viral and iatrogenic etiologies were excluded.

Management and outcome

Medication reconciliation found concomitant utilisation of CAM. Some of the plants which composed CAM were found to be possible hepatotoxic. After discontinuation of this CAM, liver fonctions normalized. Close monitoring of liver function showed no other hepatitis.

Discussion

CAM induced hepatotoxicity was suspected. Medication reconciliation included CAM is needed in cancer patient to detect drug interactions and CAM side effects to improve cancer patient management.
Determination of antilisterial effect of some microbial isolates from traditional zlatar cheese during the fermentation of soft white cheese
Authors: Vesković-Moračanin Slavica , Dragutin Đukić , Velebit Branko , Borović Branka , Milijašević Milan , Stojanova Monika
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to select autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates with antilisterial activity from Zlatar cheese and to evaluate the ability of selected LAB to control Listeria monocytogenes growth during soft white cheese production. The genotype characterization of isolated LAB (n = 93) was done using PCR method by 16S rRNA sequencing. In this way, the following isolates were detected: Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (40 isolates), Enterococcus faecalis (30), Lactobacillus plantarum (12), Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides (3) Lactobacillus garvieae (3), Lactobacillus curvatus (2), Lactobacillus casei (1), Enterococcus faecium (1) and Staphylococcus hominis (1). Each isolated LAB was tested for bacteriocin-producing ability. It was determined that two LAB isolates had bactericidal properties: Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis SRB/ZS/094 and Enterococcus faecalis SRB/ZS/090. Semi-purified of enterococcal bacteriocin (enterocin) was isolated using precipitation procedures with ammonium sulphate. Its properties were determined (strength and range of activities). Isolated enterocin and bacteriocin-producing Lactococcus strain showed significant antimicribial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, but still the inhibition activity of Staphylococcus aurues and Escherichia coli was not detected. Based on the obtained laboratory results, in the second phase of the research, the antilisterial effect of bacteriocin isolated from Enterococcus faecalis SRB/ZS/090 and cells Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis SRB/ZS/094 were determined, that are added as additives in the production of soft white cheese through five variants. Cheese supplemented with enterocin (E2) had the lowest aerobic mesophilic bacteria count, indicating that enterocin (E2) play an important role for bio-preservation.
Shame, Anger and the Lived Experience of School Disengagement for Marginalised Students: A Recognition Theory Approach
Authors: Moensted Maja Lindegaard
Published: April 2022

Experiences at school are fundamental in shaping young people’s worldviews, sense of worth and willingness to engage, not only at school but also with wider society. This article seeks to gain a deeper understanding of processes of inequality and social exclusion by qualitatively investigating Australian young people’s narratives about their school experiences, paying attention to how relationality shapes schooling subjectivities. The framework of recognition theory is applied to analyse social relations embedded in and across these sites. The article underscores the difficulties disadvantaged students face in challenging their marginalised positioning, as these positions were relentlessly reinforced in their encounter with the educational system and institutional judgement. A student’s apparent ‘apathy’ and ‘disengagement’ towards school can in many cases be seen as resistance to exclusionary social relations. Schooling structures and processes taking account of young people’s relational struggles and strivings to belong may more successfully engage students at risk of disengaging.
Southern Republicans in Congress during the pre-Reagan era: An exploration
Authors: Heersink Boris , Jenkins Jeffery A. , Napolio Nicholas G.
Published: April 2022

We examine the composition, background, and voting behavior of Republican members of Congress from the ex-Confederate states in the 1952–1980 period—a time during which Southern GOP membership in Congress began to increase steadily. We find that this new generation of Southern Republicans were often born in the South, came from the private sector—where they previously worked in business like much of the non-Southern wing of the Republican Party—and had few meaningful prior connections to the Democratic Party. In terms of voting behavior, Southern Republicans behaved similarly to non-Southern Republicans—generally voting with their party, and more conservatively on most issues than the Southern Democrats they replaced. However, we find that Southern Republicans and Democrats voted alike in one important way: against civil rights legislation. This latter finding of racial conservatism is consistent with other recent work arguing that the Southern GOP had to become a “White party” to win elections in the former Confederacy.
The correlation between the overall thermal comfort, the overall thermal sensation and the local thermal comfort in non-uniform environments with local cooling
Authors: Wang Yuemei , Lian Zhiwei , Chang Haoyu
Published: April 2022

The evaluation of overall thermal comfort in non-uniform thermal environments has not been fully clarified; it was therefore studied in this paper. For this aim, a series of experiments were conducted under non-uniform thermal environments with local cooling, where subjects’ thermal responses were surveyed by questionnaires. The correlations between the overall thermal comfort, the overall thermal sensation and the local thermal comfort were explored under both steady and unsteady states. As well, the relationship between the overall thermal comfort and the local thermal comfort was examined under steady-state conditions. The results indicated that the overall thermal comfort was dependent on the overall thermal sensation and also on the local thermal comfort at the body parts exposed to local cooling, whether in steady or transient states. Considering the two factors, the overall thermal comfort models were proposed for steady and unsteady states. Also, the overall thermal comfort was approximated by the average of the maximum and minimum local thermal comfort under steady states. Another overall thermal comfort model was therefore proposed. The two overall thermal comfort models for the steady state were verified by experimental results.
Identification of factors affecting noise levels by using data mining and design of experiments analysis techniques: A novel experimental approach
Authors: Orbak Âli Yurdun , Aydın Fikret Umut , Sharma Shubham , Chohan Jasgurpreet S , Rajkumar S
Published: April 2022

The sounds that are high enough, which negatively affect our understanding, are called noise. Although students are one of the main sources of noise at schools, noise adversely affects students’ success. Schools’ acoustics and the time when the noise measurement is made are usually considered to be other reasons for noise. In this study, noise measurements are collected in several of a metropolitan city’s primary and secondary schools, and factors that affect noise significantly are investigated using 23 full factorial experimental designs. In addition, school teachers’ perception of noise is analyzed by the Apriori algorithm. Results indicate that noise values exceed the limit values set by the WHO and noise regulations currently in effect in Turkey. Also, the schools with no acoustic insulation were noisier than those with minimum insulation. From the Apriori analysis, it is concluded that female teachers are more sensitive than male teachers about noise annoyance.
Moral solidarity as a news value: Rendering marginalized communities and enduring social injustice newsworthy
Authors: Varma Anita
Published: April 2022

Solidarity is a longstanding, though seldom acknowledged, news value in coverage of marginalized communities. As a principled commitment to social justice, solidarity as a news value helps account for news stories that deviate from elite focus and individualistic framing, which have been regularly critiqued in scholarship on dominant news values. This article contributes a grounded framework for locating and analyzing types of solidarity that operate as news values in reporting on marginalized communities. Through qualitative textual analysis of articles published as part of the 2016 San Francisco Homeless Project, this study finds that news values of intragroup solidarity, civic solidarity, political solidarity, and moral solidarity unevenly arise in coverage of local homelessness, and each have implications for whose perspectives are rendered newsworthy. The majority of stories that exhibit solidarity as a news value are aligned with either civic solidarity or political solidarity, which means they maintain focus on the city and critique the structure of the housing market but do not necessarily move journalists toward more inclusive sourcing of people experiencing homelessness. In contrast, intragroup solidarity stories offer a grounded narrative of “we take care of us,” and moral solidarity stories amplify a narrative of “let us live – here’s what we need from you.” These stories represent the perspectives of people subjected to enduring social injustice. Moral solidarity offers the strongest value for journalism that represents marginalized communities because it renders people whose dignity is denigrated by current systemic arrangements newsworthy and amplifies their urgent appeals for concrete changes.
Cognitively challenging talk during shared reading: Effects of parent gender, child gender and relations with story comprehension
Authors: van Steensel Roel , Gouw Brenda , Liefers Saskia , van Aspert Tessa
Published: April 2022

Although research on the home literacy environment and its impact on early literacy has long focused on mothers, the past decade has seen a shift in scholarly attention to the role of fathers. Building on this shift, we examined whether the nature of parent–child interactions during shared storybook reading varies with parent gender, child gender and the interaction between the two, and we analysed whether possible differences in the nature of mother– and father–child interactions are related to story comprehension. We made video observations of mothers and fathers within 36 relatively highly educated families reading a storybook with their kindergartener (age 4 – 5) and registered the use of cognitively challenging (i.e. decontextualized) talk during these activities. After each shared reading session, we additionally administered a test assessing children’s understanding of the story being read. Two-way mixed ANOVA’s revealed no effects of parent gender or child gender on either the use of cognitively challenging talk or children’s story comprehension, nor did we find interaction effects of parent and child gender. The extent of cognitively challenging talk was significantly correlated to children’s comprehension scores for fathers, but not for mothers. This correlation seems to have masked another association, however: when correlations were computed separately for girls and boys, we found that the proportion of cognitively challenging utterances of both parents was correlated to comprehension scores for boys, but not for girls. The absence of parent gender effects provides further insights into the way mothers and fathers shape interactions during shared reading, but also stresses the need for studies with larger, more diverse samples. The observation that more frequent use of cognitively challenging talk was paralleled by better story comprehension for boys invites further research on the specific effects of shared reading for boys.
Performance reviews as an active method to improve feedback and performance
Authors: Bull Schaefer Rebecca A , Copeland Lily K
Published: April 2022

This paper responds to calls from teacher-student feedback research looking for options on how to improve student performance. In Study 1, we first observe the relationship between student conscientiousness, midterm-performance, feedback-seeking behaviors, and final semester grades. Second, in Study 2, we test whether using an active learning method helps students improve grades regardless of their individual differences. Specifically, we test how the implementation of a face-to-face instructor-student performance review at midterm can be beneficial for performance improvement by allowing students who would otherwise not seek additional feedback or clarity to discuss performance completely. Structural equation modeling and mean difference tests are used to test empirical relationships between personality, behavior, and performance. Comparisons between groups that did and did not include a midterm review supports the hypothesis that interactive mid-term performance reviews improve class grades. Regression analysis supports that performance reviews improve grades even after controlling for individual differences. This active learning technique has both immediate and long-term benefits. In addition to grade improvement, mid-term reviews allow students to experience how to conduct professional performance reviews and receive and use feedback more effectively. The discussion offers simple advice on how midterm reviews can occur even within remote classes.
Reflecting on the experiences of Syrian refugee young adults in adult education in Quebec: The practitioners’ perspective
Authors: Maraj Arianne , Calderón-Moya Milagros , Sherab Domenique , Ghosh Ratna
Published: April 2022

Much research focuses on schooling for refugee children in resettlement contexts; however, limited research addresses young adult refugees (YAR) between 16–24 years in the adult education (AE) system. This paper strives to fill this gap by providing the perspectives of 12 AE practitioners who welcomed and worked with Syrian YAR in Quebec, Canada. Practitioners’ experiences and challenges faced with this refugee population reveal strategies needed to enable YAR to flourish and attain their objectives, including a call for systemic change in AE. Critical race theory and the capabilities approach set the conceptual framework guided by a narrative inquiry methodology. Semi-structured interviews provided the data that were thematically analyzed through collaborative work. From our understanding of the effectiveness of AE approaches for YAR, it is clear, based on the insights provided by the practitioners, that the face of AE has changed, and its current approach does not work for the YAR population.
Witnessing the Danger We Knew Always New Was There: Our Gender Creative Son’s Response to the Insurrection
Authors: Scott-Pollock Julie-Ann
Published: April 2022

This reflective autoethnographic essay grapples with how the January 6 insurrection challenged our progressive, White, middle-class, privileged family in our relationships with those who support the insurrection and former president Donald J. Trump in our southern coastal city. Our children navigate new realizations about other White, privileged children who they never realized did not share their values. I struggle with how sensing the difference in another family’s values, I still allowed relationships to grow. After our children’s friend began arguing about the legitimacy of the election and vocalizing his dislike of our gender creative son’s chosen aesthetic, we re-evaluate the safety of the friendship. The January 6 insurrection intensified our children’s fear and concern. They collectively became uncomfortable around people they now tangibly understand desire leaders that will target their beliefs, their marginalized friends, and for our gender creative son, his safety. I explore the balance of values, personal protection, consequences, education, hope, growth, and forgiveness through personal narrative.
Qualitative Female Researchers in Academia: Challenges and Contradictions
Authors: Zapata-Sepúlveda Pamela , Suárez-Ortega Magdalena
Published: April 2022

This piece reflects on how training in critical qualitative research impacts the academic work and lives of female qualitative researchers. In a higher education system dominated by quantitative logics of productivity and daily life, the possibilities of promotion and permanence in the academy are conditioned. Therefore, we consider necessary to better understand the experiences of crossing academic cultures that impact both, in first person and in the academic communities of qualitative research focused on social transformation. This piece seeks to contribute to the relevance of qualitative research training processes from postmodern paradigms toward the recognition of politically defined academic positions.
A Floral Nation: Warren H. Manning, Civic Horticulture, and the Didactic Cityscape
Authors: Klosterwill Kevan
Published: April 2022

Warren H. Manning developed a distinctive approach to civic horticulture that recurred throughout his career as a city planner, calling for educational plantings beyond limited educational gardens to encompass streets, neighborhoods, school and college campuses, and entire park systems. These plantings, supported by printed media, were resources for citizens to educate themselves, improve their own home grounds, and in turn participate in the improvement of the community’s civic landscape as a whole. Manning’s approach brought together village improvement, amateur naturalist societies, schoolyard gardening, and his own experience designing arboreta with the Olmsted firm.
A First Reported Adjustable Breast Volume Simulator for Teaching Oncoplastic Surgery Marking: Adjustable Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Simulator
Authors: Lim Geok Hoon , Lau Jo Hanan , Lee Jieying , Yen Ching Chiuan
Published: April 2022

Background

The current simulators for teaching oncoplastic surgery marking are available in a fixed size for each model. This is not an accurate reflection of the variety of patient’s breast volumes in reality and may limit the teaching to certain techniques associated with the particular breast ptosis/size.

Device description

This is the first reported simulator with varying breast volumes/ptosis in a single model for teaching oncoplastic surgery marking, known as Adjustable Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Simulator (ABOSS). Adjustable Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Simulator was created using 3D printing.

Preliminary results

Adjustable Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Simulator could simulate the breast in appearance and texture. It is inexpensive and allows the practice of various markings based on the different breast volumes/ptosis in a single model. It also allows for the practice of the marking needed in asymmetric breasts to correct the asymmetry.

Current status

Plans for commercialisation were made.
What a Waste! The Impact of Unused Surgical Supplies in Hand Surgery and How We Can Improve
Authors: Bravo Dalibel , Thiel Cassandra , Bello Ricardo , Moses Akini , Paksima Nader , Melamed Eitan
Published: April 2022

Background:

The US health care system is the second largest contributor of trash. Approximately 20% to 70% of waste is produced by operating rooms, and very few of this waste is recycled. The purpose of this study is to quantify the opened but unused disposable supplies and generate strategies to reduce disposable waste.

Methods:

A single-center prospective study to evaluate the cost of opened but unused single-use operating room supplies was completed by counting the number of wasted disposable products at the end of hand surgery cases. We used χ2 test, t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and simple linear regression to assess the associations between patient and case variables and the total cost of wasted items. Environmentally Extended Input Output Life Cycle Assessment methods were used to convert the dollar spent to kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e), a measure of greenhouse gas emissions.

Results:

Surgical and dressing items that were disposed of and not used during each case were recorded. We included 85 consecutive cases in the analysis from a single surgeon’s practice. Higher cost from wasted items was associated with shorter operative time ( P = .010). On average, 11.5 items were wasted per case (SD: 3.6 items), with a total of 981 items wasted over the 85 cases in the study period. Surgical sponges and blades were 2 of the most unused items. Wasted items amounted to a total of $2193.5 and 441 kg of CO2-e during the study period.

Conclusions:

This study highlights the excessive waste of unused disposable products during hand surgery cases and identifies ways of improvement.
Distal transradial access for targeted spinal angiography and embolization
Authors: Eesa Muneer , Mitha Alim P , Lewkonia Peter
Published: April 2022

Background

Spinal catheter angiography is commonly performed in the evaluation and treatment of spinal vascular lesions. The typical approach to spinal angiography consists of access through the femoral artery with the use of suitably shaped catheters for selective catheterization of the spinal segmental vasculature. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of distal transradial access through the “anatomical snuffbox” for targeted spinal angiography, for the investigation and treatment of selected spinal lesions

Methods

A retrospective review of patients who underwent transradial spinal angiography and embolization was performed from August 2019 to January 2022. A total of eight patients were identified, who underwent targeted spinal angiography through distal transradial access. Outcome measures were documented in a tabular manner.

Results

Radial access was successful in all patients. Seven patients had vascular tumors of the spinal column and underwent tumor embolization followed by segmental artery occlusion prior to surgery. One patient had a spinal dural AV fistula that could not be embolized due to feeding vessel tortuosity and eventually went on to have a laminectomy. Mean fluoroscopy time was 31.4 min. There were no access site hemorrhagic complications. One patient experienced transient mild hand numbness during the period of hemostasis with the vascular compression device that resolved completely within 24 h.

Conclusions

Distal transradial access is a feasible and safe option for targeted spinal angiography and treatment in selected patients.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis in a ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm implanted by Pipeline when recurrent after LVIS-assisted coiling treatment: Case report and review of the literatures
Authors: Chen Linhui , Leng Xiaochang , Zheng Chaobo , Shan Yejie , Wang Ming , Bao Xiang , Wu Jiong , Zou Rong , Liu Xiaobo , Xu Shanhu , Xiang Jianping , Wan Shu
Published: April 2022

Backgrounds

Hemodynamics plays an important role in the natural history of the process of rupture and recurrence of intracranial aneurysms. This study aimed to investigate the role of hemodynamics for recurrence in a vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm (VADA).

Methods

A patient with a ruptured VADA firstly treated by low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS)-assisted coiling, and was implanted with a Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) after aneurysm recurrence. Finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted in 6 serial imaging procedures, and the calculated hemodynamics was correlated with aneurysm recurrence.

Results

Wall shear stress (WSS) was not effectively suppressed, resulting in aneurysm recurrence with initial entry tear to occur above the protuberance after 7 months of LVIS stent-assisted coiling. With the implantation of PED, WSS, inflow stream and velocity at the aneurysm neck significantly decreased. During the 3-month follow-up after PED deployment, there was significant shrinkage of the sac and the blood flow in the sac was reduced considerably. The 27-month follow-up after PED deployment indicated the aneurysm was stable.

Conclusions

The present case study suggests that insufficient suppression of high WSS and high inflow velocity at the neck of the parent artery, especially near the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, might be associated with aneurysm recurrence.