bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Typological Convergence and “Strange Contingence” in the Novels of V. Kaverin “Two Captains” and B. Schlink “Olga”
Authors: Sharypina Т. A.
Published: January 2021

The results of a comparative analysis of the poetic dominants in the novels “Two Captains” by V. Kaverin and “Olga” by B. Schlink are presented. The novelty of the research is seen in the identification of diachronic typological parallels that can be traced at all levels of the poetological structure, including the features of the narrative, plot-compositional construction, and the system of images. It is noted that in both novels the problem of historical and cultural memory arises, since it is one of the defining components of the national mentality. It has been proved that letters form not only the “nuclear events” of the novels under study, but also are semantic centers that accumulate the components of mythological models that determined the life and fate of the heroes of the studied works. The “strange contingence” is commented on in terms of problems, since in both works the main characters are inspired by the idea of developing the North. The article reveals “strange contingence” at the moral and ethical level, connected with the fate of a private person of the 20th century, whose life is not only inscribed in world history, but composes and creates it. It is shown that the history of V. Kaverin and B. Schlink is interesting as a field, the study of which helps to clarify the present and warn against mistakes in the future.
Issues of Primary and Secondary Education in the Activities of the State Duma of the Russian Empire (1906—1917)
Authors: Darchieva S. V. , Darchiev A. V.
Published: January 2021

The role of the first Russian parliament in the formation and development of the education system in the country is considered. The activity of deputies on the solution of the most pressing issues in the period from 1906 to 1917 is analyzed. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the consideration of the State Duma as the most important legislative body in the creation of the educational system in Russia. The discrepancy between the interests of the authorities and society, their different understanding of the goals and objectives of objectively overdue transformations, which is reflected in the legislative activity of the State Duma is revealed. It is indicated that a significant place in the national policy of the state was occupied by issues of education and the status of national languages. It is shown that as a result of active legislative initiative and the position of deputies in the development of bills “On the introduction of universal education”, “On the reform of secondary schools”, government spending on secondary and primary education increased several times. It is noted that as a result of the activities of the deputies of the State Duma of the III convocation, significant amendments and additions were made to the bill “On higher primary schools”, which was adopted in 1912.
Policy of Repolonization and the Autochthonous Polish Population of the Western and Northern Lands of Poland in 1944—1950
Authors: Zhirov A. A.
Published: January 2021

For the first time in Russian historiography, the fate of the autochthonous Polish population of the former eastern provinces of Germany, which at the end of the Second World War became part of the Polish Republic under the name “Returned Lands”, is considered for the first time. On the basis of official documents of the authorities, statistics, press materials, memoirs and the latest research, the author analyzes the concepts of integration of the indigenous population of the Returned Lands into Polish society, the main mechanisms and results of the policy of repolonization of Germanized autochthons. It is shown that many Poles, former citizens of Germany, found it difficult to identify themselves with the Polish state, its history and culture. Comparing the plans and results of the government’s integration efforts, the author concludes that the original plan of the Polish authorities envisaged a phased and gradual integration of the indigenous people of Polish origin into Polish society. It is noted, however, that with the beginning of the socialist reforms on the Soviet model in the late 1940s, the interaction of the authorities with the inhabitants of the Returned Lands was reduced to a set of administrative measures designed to level the differences between different groups of the population on the newly annexed lands.
Educational Institutions of the System of State Labor Reserves of the USSR in 1941—1954: Adaptation to Migration Impact (Materials from the Sverdlovsk Region)
Authors: Zakharovsky L. V. , Razinkov S. L.
Published: January 2021

The experience of adaptation of educational institutions of the regional system of stationary training of qualified workers in the context of the migration impact in the 1940s — the first half of the 1950s is considered. A number of approaches in modern domestic and foreign historiography, postulating the existence, along with punitive and coercive mechanisms of ensuring the loyalty of the Soviet working class, a number of administrative practices that provided significant support for state policy “from below,” from the working masses, are highlighted. It is shown that the awareness of the impossibility of widespread use of compulsory punitive mechanisms without restriction was formed directly during the implementation of state policy in the 1940s — mid 1950s, it was also represented among the leaders of the system for training young skilled workers — the State Labor Reserves. It is noted that such an understanding leads already at the beginning of the 1940s, in the most difficult conditions of the initial period of the Great Patriotic War, to the development among the leadership of educational institutions and the regional administration of the State Labor Reserves mechanisms for adapting educational institutions and students to a complex of problems caused by the powerful migration impact. The authors identified four groups of such mechanisms that ensured the minimum sufficient level of student loyalty to solving educational and production problems: agitation and information; organizational; economic and material and household; sociocultural.
Ural Officials in the District Town of the First Half of the 1870s (Diary of a Servant of the Ural Landowners Golubtsov)
Authors: Larionova M. B.
Published: January 2021

The features of the formation of the appearance of a provincial district society are analyzed on the example of the Ural district town of Krasnoufimsk, Perm province. The factors that influenced the changes taking place in the bureaucratic environment in the first half of the 1870s are considered, the composition of Krasnoufimsk district officials is presented. The study was carried out on the basis of data recorded by the former serf of the Perm landowners Golubtsovs Matvey Andreev in the published Diary. Through the eyes of a representative of a different class, some aspects of the relationship between the Krasnoufimsk bureaucratic district society and the representative of the upper noble class V. P. Golubtsov (1832—1887) are shown. It is indicated that the information contained in the Diary testifies to the changes taking place in society associated with the erosion of its composition and the weakening of the influence of officials in the space of the county town, when the content component of the previously formed traditions changes by introducing new models of behavior by representatives of other classes. The relevance of the study is seen in the importance of studying the socio-cultural space of the provincial city in general and the Ural in particular, which had its own specific features that influenced the formation of urban society. It is concluded that although only some socio-cultural aspects of the life of a provincial society are shown, their identification and study will help to better understand what important processes took place in society during the post-reform period.
Semantic and Syntactic Features of Constructions with the Meaning of Measure and Degree in Russian
Authors: Semenova I. V.
Published: January 2021

The syntactic structures, that are intended in Russian to express the meaning of measure and degree, are discussed in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the problems of modern syntax, which is aimed at a multidimensional analysis of syntactic structures and the study of the functions of service words involved in their organization. The work was carried out in the traditions of the Vladivostok scientific school, which applied the “from construction” approach to the analysis of syntactic units. It is indicated that this term is used here in a narrow sense as a structure embedded in a complex sentence, having a certain set of components and a specific means of connecting these components. The novelty of the research is determined by the use of the concept of “construction” as the main tool for analyzing syntactic units with the meaning of measure and degree in the formal grammatical aspect. A features analysis of the formation of the semantics of measure and degree within the framework of syntactic structures is presented, the formal organization of these structures is described in detail: the component composition, the “core” of the structure — service complexes used to link components, the role of clarifiers and the possibility of phraseologization of the structure. It is noted that this study is important both for solving theoretical issues that relate to a versatile description of syntactic structures, and for teaching the syntax of the Russian language to foreign students.
Comparative assessment of the level of financial and economic security of regions in the Volga Federal District: Studying the interregional differentiation
Authors: ROGOVA Tat'yana N.
Published: January 2021

Subject. Economic security issues are recognized as the country's priority. The existence of interregional differentiation poses a risk to the achievement of national sustainable economic development goals.
Objectives. The study aims to underpin the fundamental role of financial and economic security, being the key element of economic security in overcoming the inter-regional territorial imbalance.
Methods. The study employs general scientific methods, including the methods of systems analysis, comparative analysis, logical, and deductive analysis.
Results. I use the case of the Volga Federal District regions, to calculate indicators, characterizing the differentiation, based on the components of financial and economic security. For this purpose, I include the volume of gross regional product per capita, the amount of investment in fixed capital per capita, the number of employed in the economy, the income of consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the retail turnover per capita, and the volume of fee-based services rendered to the population. The paper clarifies the concept of financial and economic security through the terminological analysis and highlighting various features.
Conclusions. The analysis revealed uneven growth in security indicators and, as a result, threats to balanced sustainable development of the regional socio-economic system. A qualitatively new approach to economic policy is required. It should combine recent scientific and technological developments and efficient use of human potential.
Changes in the ruble exchange rate during the economic crisis: Consequences and effectiveness of the efforts undertaken
Authors: MAL'SAGOVA Radima G. , LISKOVETSKAYA Tat'yana P. , LENKOV Il'ya N.
Published: January 2021

Subject. We consider the main trends and factors of changes in the Ruble exchange rate.
Objectives. The purpose of the study is to identify the consequences and effectiveness of measures taken to stabilize the Ruble exchange rate during the economic crisis, and reveal factors of Ruble appreciation.
Methods. The study rests on methods of systems analysis and synthesis, estimation techniques, the content analysis of literature and analytical data on the topic, statistical data analysis, graphical and regulatory methods.
Results. We considered the specifics of the exchange rate in Russia, its advantages and benefits for the economy. The paper considers the behavior of the Ruble to Dollar and Ruble to Euro exchange rates over the past ten years, and identifies the factors of changes. We analyze the dynamics of currency interventions by the Central Bank of Russia as a tool to support the Ruble exchange rate. We also review important factors of exchange rate formation in Russia, which can contribute to the strengthening of the Ruble exchange rate.
Conclusions. To stabilize the Ruble exchange rate, it is important to determine the main factors of exchange rate formation and the mechanism of their influence. In particular, we highlight such factors as the development of the country's export potential, attraction of investors to the purchase of Federal bonded loans, control over capital outflow abroad, liberalization of currency control, and greater public confidence in the national currency.
The use of digital platforms for intercorporation relations
Authors: POPOV Evgenii V. , SIMONOVA Viktoriya L. , GRISHINA Valeriya V.
Published: January 2021

Subject. The article discusses economic relationships as part of digital platform relations.
Objectives. We devise our own algorithm for using digital platforms of intercorporation relations.
Methods. The study relies upon the systems comparative analysis of current practices of implementing and running digital platforms in Russia and worldwide.
Results. The coronavirus crisis sparkled a surge of the digitalization of economic system elements. Currently, there are widely spread and ever developing types of intercorporation relations, which embrace several entities, being specifically intended to reduce various costs incurred throughout the purchase of supplies and materials to the production and sale. Comprehending the current processes of digitalizing intercorporation relations theoretically and practically, we become able to coordinate them more effectively during business operations. To create the algorithm, we conducted an empirical study to reveal how various types of digital platforms are applied by small and large businesses, which represent certain intercorporation relations. Having analyzed findings, we chose to include five key phases into our algorithm, i.e. the analysis of the reasonableness of using the digital platform, the comprehensive evaluation of global practices of implementing such digital platforms, determining the approach to implementing the digital platform, the consolidated analysis of applicable types of digital platforms, the assessment of cost efficiency of using the digital platform.
Conclusions and Relevance. The findings are theoretically important for developing the planning and methodological approach to using digitall platforms. They contribute to the development of the applied framework for planning the integration of digital platforms into intercorporation relations.
A SMM-promotion algorithm for the banking sector
Authors: SOKOLENKO Yanina Yu.
Published: January 2021

Subject. The article addresses the SMM-promotion algorithm for the banking sector.
Objectives. The aims are to perform a comprehensive research of the SMM-promotion algorithm for the banking sector, to develop a qualitatively new algorithm for SMM promotion, which will be focused on improving the image and attracting the target audience.
Methods. The study draws on methods of logical analysis, induction and deduction.
Results. I developed an algorithm for SMM promotion for the banking sector. The scientific novelty of the algorithm is that it will differ according to objectives of promotion the bank sets.
Conclusions. The findings can be used by SMM specialists in the banking sector, when developing a SMM strategy for promoting banks.
Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of ethno-national ideology in the conditions of modern Russia
Authors: Srybnaya Polina
Published: January 2021

The article attempts to analyze theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of ethno-national ideology in the conditions of modern Russia. The problem is considered on the basis of an integrative scientific approach to the methodology of socio-philosophical research. Taking as a basis the conceptual theoretical provisions of the "psychology of peoples" W. Wundt, the author analyzes the methodology of individualism, revealing the contradictions of individualistic psychologism. This made it possible to study the phenomenon of ethno-national ideology from the standpoint of various theoretical and methodological approaches: D. Homans' theory of social interaction, the provisions of E. Durkheim's classical positivism, G.V.F. Hegel. In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to determine the priority directions in the development of the concept and integral program of ethno-national ideology in Russia.
On sensitivity analysis of unsteady responses for FEM models of beams
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Mironov M.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses optimal design of structures in terms of various quality criteria with limitations for the parameters of dynamic stress-strain state (steady, unsteady, spectral). Efficiency of the methods based on the compliance with indirect optimality criteria, in particular, on the Kuhn-Tucker conditions, considerably depends on fast and accurate calculations of derivatives for the parameters of state in terms of design parameters, which is achieved by obtaining the analytical expressions. Introduction of these expressions to the optimization of FEM-based models is only possible if structural design parameters and the parameters of stiffness matrix and element masses are linked explicitly. The purpose of this work is to finalize and verify the methods for obtaining analytical derivatives of design parameters as functions of vibration frequencies, forced harmonic vibration frequencies and natural vibration frequencies of finite-element model with subsequent transition to completely analytical (not subtractive) differentiation of unsteady and spectral responses of design parameters. For an FE model of beam with a large number (one hundred) of finite elements, this study obtained and verified, for various boundary conditions and loading scenarios, the distributions of sensitivity coefficients for steady dynamic parameters in terms of design parameters, i.e. cross-sections of elements.
Imitative simulation of parametric beam vibrations
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Frumen A.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses two approaches to the investigation of parametric vibrations for beam structures: the approximate approach also known as VKB method (phase integrals) and the iterative algorithm basically simulating the process of vibration. The study compares the results yielded by these two approaches for a compressed freely supported beam and a ring under external compression load. The problem was solved through graphic programming in PVISSIM environment.
FEM-based calculation peculiarities of marine propulsion shafts made of polymeric composites
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Korshunov V. , Mudrik R. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Ponomarev D. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Rodionov A. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses two approaches to FEM-based calculation of marine propulsion shafts made of polymeric composites: one approach represents the composite as a homogeneous material, whereas the other approach represents it as a real sandwich structure made up by monolayers with different properties.
Analytical study on stability of microspheres in syntactic foams structure under hydrostatic compression
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Dodonov P. , Ryzhkin A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper analyses prediction methods for failure pressure of microspheres in the structure of syntactic foams, discussing several micromechanical models. The solutions were obtained as per linear elasticity theory and finite-element method. It was investigated how geometric and physical & mechanical characteristic of syntactic foams depend on its components. Pressure failure is much lower if the boundary of the medium is close to the inclusions. This paper suggests an analytical model that yielded conservative estimate of critical pressure for microspheres.
Design justification for Hull subsystem of commercial vessels at early design stages
Authors:   JSC CMBD Almaz, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kutenev A.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses design justification of Hull subsystem at early design stages. The purpose of this study was to analyse methodical approaches and model relationships needed to justify Hull subsystem at early design stages. The paper analyses existing methodical approaches and points out a possible way for further improvement of model relationships. This study could be a valuable reference material for the approaches to justification of Hull subsystem at early design stages.
Cargo fleet unification and real containerization of river shipping: European experience
Authors:   Federal Agency of Maritime and River Transport, Moscow, Russia, Anisimov K. , Avtutov N. ,   Marine Engineering Bureau MEB-SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the operation experience of European river-going ships in order to find technical solutions in design of future Russian systems of inland shipping.
Direct method of load simulation in hull strength analysis of catamaran
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Chistyakov R. , Mudrik P. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses three-dimensional formulation for the problem of external forces acting on catamaran hull, as well as performs stress-strain state analysis of the structures affected by the loads thus calculated. The purpose of this study was to develop a modern methodology for joint solution to the first and the second problem of naval structural mechanics based on panelpotential and finite-element models in three-dimensional formulation for the conditions of still water and regular waves. The study discusses various formulations of the problem and various methods of external force calculation. External load is estimated in two formulations: static (based on hydrostatic methods) and stationary dynamic (based on the linear theory of ship motions). Also, external forces and their respective stresses were estimated as per the procedure of the classification society. The case study of a catamaran illustrates the process of load calculation and stress-strain analysis, giving the results for various external forces, with their assessment and analysis of internal forces and displacements induced by them. The study yielded rather handy technique for stress-strain analysis of catamaran hull in 3D formulation, including spatial static trimming in still water and in waves of given profile, as well as calculation of displacement amplitudes in regular waves, calculation of phase pressure fields and accelerations on catamaran hull, with further export of calculated external loads to FE analysis software for stressstrain investigation of structurally similar model needed to understand how conservative this model is.
Development of lightweight polymeric-composite superstructure for a fast boat
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Korbova A.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the design of lightweight polymeric-composite superstructure for a fast boat (displacement up to 1 t) with solar panels powering its propulsion motor. The superstructure is made up by composite beams with sufficient dynamic stiffness and strength to withstand operational loads. External load was defined as spectral, inertial, transmitted as accelerations or displacements from hull to the superstructure via bearing joints. The material was GFRP with foam filler. The simulation is performed as per finite-element method in linear spatial beam formulation, solving the problems of natural vibrations and maximum dangerous response to spectral kinematic effect as a superposition of modes weighed by spectral coefficients. The study presents calculation for the initial superstructure design and its variations, to analyse sensitivity of dynamic and spectral responses to design changes. The study implements a new technique of generating a model of composite binary profile on single mesh. The results of this analysis, further verified on a more detailed idealization and supplemented by a calculation of inertial disturbances due to pitching and rolling, will yield the methodology for more computer-efficient design of lightweight superstructures for small boats made of polymeric composite materials.
Simulation of pipe flaring process
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Koshkin Ya.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents calculation results for a one-go flaring of a pipe with extraction of the tool. The results include the curves of reactive forces versus pipe displacement level, as well as stress-strain fields and residual state parameters. The paper also outlines the approaches to the simulation of a technological process with numerous transitions taking additional factors into account.
Hull shape peculiarities of conventional and model icebreakers: analysis
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Platonov V. , Tryaskin V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Isaeva D. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses hull shapes of conventional and modern icebreakers to analyse the peculiarities of their bows, sterns and parallel midbodies. It discusses main performance parameters, main dimensions and hull shape details of conventional and modern icebreakers. The data base generated in this study includes hull shape details for bow, parallel midbody and stern ice belt areas of conventional and modern icebreakers. This work also yielded mean statistical data making it possible to judge how waterline slope and side slope depend on the position of design section. This study summarizes and generalizes overall design data for the majority of icebreakers operating in freezing Russian waters, including the Arctic. Depending on hull shape, displacement and ice class, this paper identifies three representative groups of icebreakers. The results of this study were further used to analyse the loads on ice belt structures of icebreakers, as well as to develop a system of relationships intended to obtain design ice loads as per RS Rules.
THE CORONAVIRUS CRISIS AND THE ECONOMIC CRISIS. IS CAPITALISM AT A NEW TURNING POINT?
Authors:   SNSPA, Daianu Daniel
Published: January 2021

Mankind will prevail in the fierce war against the coronavirus, a hidden, treacherous foe that has been attacking randomly and leaving many human deaths behind. The struggle with this pandemic has an end in sight because we have effective weapons to combat it now, such as vaccines which are be used on a grand scale, worldwide. We will overcome the severe economic downturn as well; but this crisis will leave deep scars, given that economies are witnessing sweeping changes. These changes, adding to tensions and intricate issues and policy dilemmas that date back prior to the Pandemic and the current economic crisis, call for introspection, examination of economies’ functioning and a revisiting of public policies. The financial crisis that erupted a decade ago prodded social scientists and policy-makers to think about serious problems that afflict modern economies. In the text below I hook up with ideas that I have expressed in recent years and extrapolate them to the fallout from the current crises
Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   SNSPA, PAȘCU Ioan Mircea , NUNWEILLER-BĂLĂNESCU Alexandra
Published: January 2021

The global order was facing multiple challenges even before the pandemic, so it is very likely – based on the evolutions recorded since the beginning of 2020 – that these challenges will further amplify. On the impact of COVID-19 on the world order, opinions of political scientists vary greatly, from reserved optimism to worst-case scenario, from treating it as a simple inflexion point to forecasting the transformative changes it will entail. In this article we argue that this current pandemic will only accelerate previous trends by deepening international power competition, thus accelerating the transition towards a more realist world order. This working hypothesis disregards potential non-linear events that might occur from this point on and that could impact all forecasts. In this article we discuss the structure of the current international system and we analyze recent developments, thus trying to determine which specific trends will be accelerated. Furthermore, we examine the „lessons” learned so far and try to determine what can be done to limit the consequences of the pandemic, at least at the national level.
EX-POST EVALUATION DESIGN PROPOSAL FOR THE ROMANIAN YOUTH STRATEGY 2015-2020. AN ANALYSIS OF THE NGO SECTOR IMPACT ON THE RESULTS
Authors:   SNSPA, DĂNILĂ Delia – Simina
Published: January 2021

Success or a lesson to learn? In this paper, I propose an evaluation design of the Romanian Youth Strategy 2015-2020 transformative effects, in which I argue for a participative evaluation process, promoting diversity, social justice, fairness and transparency. My focus is not only on the instruments for analyzing the objectives, results, resources and impact, but also on encouraging the development of the social values that are attached to this policy. The innovative elements of the suggested design are the introduction of the gender perspective and multiple discrimination and also the reflection on the influence of the NGO sector on the achieved results. It is expected this study to engage the evaluators and the readers interested in the youth issue in a debate for improving the process of assessing public policies and programmes.
ДИФУЗІЙНЕ ЗВАРЮВАННЯ ІНТЕРМЕТАЛІДУ TiAl З КОНСТРУКЦІЙНИМИ СПЛАВАМИ ЧЕРЕЗ НАНОШАРУВАТІ ФОЛЬГИ
Authors: Falchenko Iurii , Petrushynets Lidiia , Novomlynets Oleh
Published: January 2021

Актуальність теми дослідження. З розвитком аерокосмічних технологій і появою нових жароміцних сплавів виникає необхідність в їх зварюванні в однорідному та різнорідному поєднанні. До таких пар можна віднести з’єднання інтерметалідних сплавів TiAl з конструкційними сплавами на основі титану чи нікелю. Постановка проблеми. Дифузійне зварювання є перспективним методом з’єднання сплавів на основі TiAl з жароміцними сплавами. Утворення з’єднання може супроводжуватися формуванням крихких фаз. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Для утворення бездефектних з’єднань необхідно застосовувати проміжні прошарки. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Для зменшення хімічної неоднорідності у стику перспективно є застосування наношаруватих фольг.
Постановка завдання. Метою роботи є дослідження особливостей формування з’єднань алюмініду титану зі сплавами на нікелевій і титановій основі при застосуванні наношаруватих фольг.
Виклад основного матеріалу. Досліджено вплив наношаруватих фольг на структуру й мікротвердість зварних з'єднань, які формуються у процесі дифузійного зварювання. Висновки відповідно до статті. При дифузійному зварюванні сплавів TiAl з BT8 зона з’єднання характеризується значним концентраційним градієнтом у розподілі Ti і Al між TiAl і BT8. При застосуванні наношаруватих фольг Al/Ti хімічний склад у зоні з’єднання вирівнюється та утворюються загальні зерна на колишній границі контакту. При дифузійному зварюванні сплавів TiAl з ЕІ437Б без прошарків у зоні з’єднання з боку нікелевого сплаву спостерігається істотне підвищення мікротвердості до 14,01 ГПа, що може бути результатом формування крихких інтерметалідних фаз на основі системи Ni-Al-Ti. Застосування наношаруватої фольги Ni-Al/Ni-Ni забезпечує утворення бездефектних з’єднань, сприяє формуванню дифузійної зони з монотонним характером розподілу легуючих елементів і зниженими значеннями мікротвердості.
Preliminary development of a prediction model for daily stroke occurrences based on meteorological and calendar information using deep learning framework (Prediction One; Sony Network Communications Inc., Japan)
Authors: Katsuki Masahito , Narita Norio , Ishida Naoya , Watanabe Ohmi , Cai Siqi , Ozaki Dan , Sato Yoshimichi , Kato Yuya , Jia Wenting , Nishizawa Taketo , Kochi Ryuzaburo , Sato Kanako , Tominaga Teiji
Published: January 2021

Background:

Chronologically meteorological and calendar factors were risks of stroke occurrence. However, the prediction of stroke occurrences is difficult depending on only meteorological and calendar factors. We tried to make prediction models for stroke occurrences using deep learning (DL) software, Prediction One (Sony Network Communications Inc., Tokyo, Japan), with those variables.

Methods:

We retrospectively investigated the daily stroke occurrences between 2017 and 2019. We used Prediction One software to make the prediction models for daily stroke occurrences (present or absent) using 221 chronologically meteorological and calendar factors. We made a prediction models from the 3-year dataset and evaluated their accuracies using the internal cross-validation. Areas under the curves (AUCs) of receiver operating characteristic curves were used as accuracies.

Results:

The 371 cerebral infarction (CI), 184 intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and 53 subarachnoid hemorrhage patients were included in the study. The AUCs of the several DL-based prediction models for all stroke occurrences were 0.532–0.757. Those for CI were 0.600–0.782. Those for ICH were 0.714–0.988.

Conclusion:

Our preliminary results suggested a probability of the DL-based prediction models for stroke occurrence only by meteorological and calendar factors. In the future, by synchronizing a variety of medical information among the electronic medical records and personal smartphones as well as integrating the physical activities or meteorological conditions in real time, the prediction of stroke occurrence could be performed with high accuracy, to save medical resources, to have patients care for themselves, and to perform efficient medicine.
TINGKAT KEPUASAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP LAYANAN AKADEMIK
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani , Nursangaji Asep
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, there are several LPTK in West Kalimantan that have mathematics education courses apart from FKIP UNTAN. This is a challenge for FKIP UNTAN to become the main choice for prospective students. So, it is very important for the FKIP UNTAN mathematics education department to provide quality academic services to students so that they feel satisfied. One of the student satisfaction assessments index in academic services in the Mathematics Education Department of FKIP UNTAN is academic guidance and course implementation. This study will examine how high the level of student satisfaction with academic services in the Mathematics education Department FKIP UNTAN . Furthermore, it will be known what service items should be improved and developed in an effort to increase student satisfaction. The method used is descriptive method with a survey form involving students in 3rd, 5th, and 7th semester. The instrument used is a satisfaction questionnaire. The level of student satisfaction with academic guidance services is 2% of students are not satisfied, 6% of students are not satisfied, 30% of students are satisfied, 32% of students are quite satisfied, and 30% of students are very satisfied. Then for the level of student satisfaction with the lecture process as much as 2% of students were not satisfied, 5% of students were not satisfied, 27% of students were satisfied, 36% of students were quite satisfied, and 30% of students were very satisfied.Keywords: Satisfaction; Academic Services; Academic Guidance; The Lecture Process.
High-Resolution Mining of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Conformational Space: Supercomputer-Driven Unsupervised Adaptive Sampling
Authors: Jaffrelot Inizan Theo , Célerse Frédéric , Adjoua Olivier , El Ahdab Dina , Jolly Luc-Henri , Liu Chengwen , Ren Pengyu , Montes Matthieu , Lagarde Nathalie , Lagardère Louis , Monmarché Pierre , Piquemal Jean-Philip
Published: January 2021

We provide an unsupervised adaptive sampling strategy capable of producing microseconds-timescale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of large biosystems using many-body polarizable force fields (PFF). The global exploration problem is decomposed into a set of separate MD trajectories that can be restarted within a selective process to achieve sufficient phase-space sampling. Accurate statistical properties can be obtained through reweighting. Within this highly parallel setup, the Tinker--HP package can be powered by an arbitrary large number of GPUs on supercomputers, reducing exploration time from years to days. This approach is used to tackle the urgent modeling problem of the SARS--CoV--2 Main Protease (Mpro) producing more than 38 microseconds of all-atom simulations of its apo, ligand-free, dimer using the high-resolution AMOEBA PFF. A first 15.14 microseconds simulation (physiological pH) is compared to available non--PFF long-timescale simulation data. A detailed clustering analysis exhibits striking differences between FFs, AMOEBA showing a richer conformational space. Focusing on key structural markers related to the oxyanion hole stability, we observe an asymmetry between protomers. One of them appears less structured resembling the experimentally inactive monomer for which a 6 microseconds simulation was performed as a basis of comparison. Results highlight the plasticity of Mpro active site. The C--terminal end of its less structured protomer is shown to oscillate between several states, being able to interact with the other protomer, potentially modulating its activity. Active and distal sites volumes are found to be larger in the most active protomer within our AMOEBA simulations compared to non-PFFs as additional cryptic pockets are uncovered. A second 17 microseconds AMOEBA simulation is performed with protonated His172 residues mimicking lower pH. Data show the protonation impact on the destructuring of the oxyanion loop. We finally analyze the solvation patterns around key histidine residues. The confined AMOEBA polarizable water molecules are able to explore a wide range of dipole moments, going beyond bulk values, leading to a water molecule counts consistent with experiment. Results suggest that the use of PFFs could be critical in drug discovery to accurately model the complexity of the molecular interactions structuring Mpro
Light-Controlled Lyotropic Liquid Crystallinity of Polyaspartates
Authors: Hirschmann Max , Thiele Christina
Published: January 2021

In nature, proteins like rhodopsin act as transducer for photo-chemical reactions causing biological responses (e.g. enabling vision). The underlying concept – a photo-induced conformational change of the protein as amplifier of the photo-responsive moiety – can also be adopted by synthetical polymers or foldamers that have the propensity to form ordered secondary structures (e.g. polypeptides). An alternative approach to amplify photo-chemical responses is their incorporation into liquid crystals. With only a few exceptions, photo-insensitive liquid crystals are doped with dyes that favour disorder upon irradiation. In theory, photo-responsive polypeptides, capable of forming lyotropic liquid crystals, could exploit both amplification approaches but, in practice, their photo-responsivity is hampered by the reduced mobility of polypeptides in concentrated solutions. Here we show that the E/Z photo-isomerisation of an azobenzene containing polyaspartate initiates a helix-coil backbone transition, which reversibly alters the polypeptide solution from anisotropic to isotropic. In contrast to other photo-responsible polymers14, in which thermal relaxation to the more stable photo-isomer is quite fast, both photo-isomers are thermally stable and interconvertible by visible light in a single solvent. Local irradiation and magnetic fields lead to spatial resolution and unidirectional architectures of the liquid crystal, respectively. Our results demonstrate that photo-isomerisation on a molecular level is amplified in three stages via intra- and intermolecular interactions to yield a unidirectional, chiral liquid crystal. We believe, the morphological changes of the liquid crystal induced by light will facilitate a multitude of applications, like photo-alignment or the photo-control of solution viscosity and anisotropic

diffusion. When incorporated into layer-by-layer architectures the polymer could find application in biomedicine and the spatial and temporal resolution could be exploited in nano-technology.
One Step Photochemical Synthesis of Surface-Supported Naked Gold Nanoparticles and Its Application as a SERS Substrate
Authors: Mercadal Pablo A. , Garcia Schejtman Sergio David , Cometto Fernando P. , Veglia Alicia V. , Coronado Eduardo A.
Published: January 2021

A direct and straightforward method is proposed to synthetize a surface-supported gold nanoparticles mediated by pulsed laser irradiation of quartz surfaces in contact with a gold precursor solutions. The substrates´ performance as SERS sensors is tested by the Rhodamine 6G (R6G) Raman signal enhancement.
PQQ-Aza-Crown Ether Complexes as Biomimetics for Lanthanide and Calcium Dependent Alcohol Dehydrogenases
Authors: Vetsova Violeta A. , Fisher Katherine R. , Lumpe Henning , Schäfer Alexander , Schneider Erik K. , Weis Patrick , Daumann Lena
Published: January 2021

Understanding the role of metal ions in biology can lead to the development of new catalysts forseveral industrially important transformations. Lanthanides are the most recent group of metal ionsthat have been shown to be important in biology i.e. - in quinone-dependent methanoldehydrogenases (MDH). Here we evaluate a pyrroloquinoline quinone and 1-aza-15-crown-5 basedligand platform as scaffold for Ca2+ , Ba2+ , La3+ and Lu3+ biomimetics of MDH and we evaluate theimportance of ligand design, charge, size, counterions and base for the alcohol oxidation reactionusing NMR spectroscopy. In addition, we report a new straightforward synthetic route (3 stepsinstead of 11 and 33% instead of 0.6% yield) for biomimetic ligands based on PQQ. We show thatwhen studying biomimetics for MDH, larger metal ions and those with lower charge in this casepromote the dehydrogenation reaction more effectively and that this is likely an effect of the liganddesign which must be considered when studying biomimetics. To gain more information on thestructures and impact of counterions of the complexes, we performed collision induced dissociation(CID) experiments and observe that the nitrates are more tightly bound than the triflates. To resolvethe structure of the complexes in the gas phase we combined DFT-calculations and ion mobilitymeasurements (IMS). Furthermore, we characterized the obtained complexes and reaction mixturesusing Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and show the emergence of a quinone-based radical during the reaction with substrate and base.
Lignin as a Multifunctional Photocatalyst for Solar-Powered Biocatalytic Oxyfunctionalization of C-H Bonds
Authors: Kim Jinhyun , Hollmann Frank , Park Chan Beum
Published: January 2021

Lignin is a key structural material in all terrestrial plants that is responsible for cell wall formation, water transportation, seed protection, and stress adaptation. Each year, pulp and paper industry produces approximately 50 million metric tons of lignin as waste, 95% of which is combusted or abandoned. Here, we report a new multifunctionality of lignin as a photocatalyst (e.g., synergistic formation of H2O2 formation through O2 reduction and H2O oxidation, use of H2O as an electron donor, and OH• -scavenging activity). Our spectroscopic and photoelectrochemical analyses reveal the photophysical characteristics (e.g., light absorption, charge separation/transfer) of lignin models [e.g., lignosulfonate (LS) and kraft lignin (KL)] and their electronic properties [HOMO-LUMO gap: 2.67 eV (LS), 2.95 eV (KL), LUMO: -0.VRHE (LS) and -0.26 VRHE (KL), HOMO: 2.44 VRHE (LS) and 2.69 VRHE (KL)]. We demonstrate lignin-sensitized redox chemistry, such as (i) H2O2 formation through O2 reduction using H2O as an electron donor and (ii) O2 evolution through H2O oxidation, under visible light. Furthermore, the integration of lignin and H2O2-dependent unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) enables enantiospecific oxyfunctionalization reactions (e.g., benzylic hydroxylation, alkane hydroxylation, styrene epoxidation). Lignin photocatalysts solve existing issues (e.g., requirement of artificial electron donors, H2O2- or OH• -driven inactivation of UPO) related to the sustainable activation of UPO. The lignin/UPO hybrid achieves a total turnover number of enzyme of 81070, the highest value ever recorded for solar-powered biocatalytic oxyfunctionalization in photochemical platforms. This work demonstrates the propriety of lignin in robust photocatalyst/biocatalyst hybrids for artificial photosynthesis.
Dominasi Struktur Kalimat dan Pilihan Kata dalam Esai Mahasiswa Asing pada Tes Kemampuan Berbahasa Indonesia
Authors: Kaniah Kaniah , Palupi Dian
Published: January 2021

This study aims to describe the sentence structure and choice of words in foreign students' essays on the Indonesian language proficiency test. This research is qualitative with descriptive method. The data source of this research is the essay of foreign students who took the Indonesian language proficiency test. The research data are Indonesian words and sentences contained in the student essays. The data analysis technique was carried out through the steps, namely (a) data identification, (b) data classification, and (c) data interpretation. The results showed that foreign students were able to write simple sentences in Indonesian, but had difficulty understanding the affix process.