bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecological phytomonitoring in Donbass using geoinformational analysis
Authors: Safonov Andrei , Glukhov Aleksandr
Published: August 2021

The results of the phytoindication monitoring carried out in the central industrial units of Donbass during 1996 – 2021 have summarized. Botanical indication is considered as a way to carry out a reliable ecological expertise when zoning ecological crisis areas in an industrial region. Geographic information analysis of botanical and ecological indices (occurrence frequency of teratogenic deviations of plants, structure and concentration of pollen grains, level of taxonomic diversity of bryophytes) allows to visualize indicators of the state of local geosystems in an anthropogenically transformed region.
Invasive plant species and the consequences of its prevalence in biodiversity
Authors: Shuvar Ivan , Korpita Hanna , Shuvar Antin , Shuvar Bogdan , Kropyvnytskyi Ruslan
Published: August 2021

The problem of weed control has been facing mankind since the beginning of agricultural development, and is especially relevant today. In recent decades, the problem of invasion of rare plant species in Ukraine has been growing. Surveying areas, developing and implementing measures to prevent the destructive effects of biodiversity should be a priority for the preservation of natural ecosystems and environmental protection.
Appraisal of perspecivity of growing of decorative perennials of genusIrisL. for introduction
Authors: Tsandekova Oksana , Vronskaya Oksana
Published: August 2021

The results of morpho-biological observations and biochemical indicators of decorative rhizomes of the genus Iris L. of the Iridaceous family growing in the conditions of the Kuzbass Botanical Garden are represented in the article. It was established the species-specifity in the duration of vegetation period and in the level of antioxidants accumulation of in leaves of decorative redivives:I. aphylla > I. halophile > I. chrysographes > I. ruthenica > I. pseudacorus. According to the results of the integral appraisal, all species are perspective for use in green building. The revealed restructuring in the functioning of the antioxidant system of irises allow considering them as adaptive and protective reactions aimed at their survival and decorative qualities in the environment. The studied figures can be used as an informative parameter to assess the plants condition in the introduction.
The impact of a recultivation layer on the restoration of plant communities
Authors: Ufimtsev Vladimir , Androkhanov Vladimir , Ovsyannikova Svetlana
Published: August 2021

Areas of coal mining dumps naturally overgrowing with vegetation in the dry-steppe (Khakassia), forest-steppe (Krasnoyarsk Krai, Kansk-Achinsk Fuel and Energy Complex, KAFEC) and subtaiga (Kemerovo region, Kuzbass) subzones were investigated. The environmental and cenotic characteristics of herbaceous communities were studied in experimental sites following the application of a fertile soil layer and in technogenic eluviums without soil improvers. The application of a fertile soil layer was found to increase both the species abundance and the projective cover of zonal species. Thus, the presence of a humus horizon promotes the formation of herbaceous ecosystems. However, this is not an unconditional factor that these ecosystems would reach the stage of zonal formations.
Initial stages of ontogenesis of Althaea officinalis L. in the “Kuzbass Botanical Garden”
Authors: Vronskaya Oksana , Cheryomushkina Vera
Published: August 2021

The work was carried out on the grounds of the Kuzbass Botanical Garden. The study material is a perennial, rod-rooted herbaceous plant known as Althaea officinalis L. Included in the Red Book of the Kemerovo Region with status 2 - declining. It has been found that during the first year of life, individuals go through 5 ontogenetic stages: seedling, juvenile, immature, virginile and young generative. The latent, pre-generative and generative periods of A. officinalis are characterised in detail. The forming of the caudex and the growth of the primary semi-rosette monocarpic shoot is described.
On methodology problems of developing innovative technologies taking into account anti-erosion measures
Authors: Sukhanovskii Yurii , Prushchik Anastasya , Vitovtov Vladimir , Titov Alexandr
Published: August 2021

The increase in world population and the decline in soil resources requires the increase in crop yields. Erosion and soil pollution are among the major threats to soil resources. With modern land use the rate of erosion exceeds the rate of soil formation. It is almost impossible to restore erosion soil loss. Soil pollution is a source of contaminated crop products and environment. In crop production innovative technologies are needed that must simultaneously solve three problems. The first problem is to ensure the necessary quantity and quality of crop products. The second problem is to preserve soil resources. The third one is to preserve the environment. In Russia, the increase in yields is mainly due to an increase in rates of mineral fertilizers, the use of plant protection tools and the use of varieties with a greater ability to utilize mineral fertilizers. In some regions of Russia, up to 70% of the arable land area is subject to water erosion of the soil. For the conditions of Russia, an analysis of the existing problems in assessing the long-term consequences of new technologies in crop production was carried out. Approaches have been proposed to solve some of the problems.
The productivity of crop rotations on the eroded slope of ordinary chernozems depending on agricultural practices
Authors: Ilyinskaya Izida , Gaevaya Emma
Published: August 2021

Field experiments were carried out in the Rostov region on the slope of ordinary chernozems in the system of contour-strip organization of the territory in 2011-2020. The aim of the research was the development of agrotechnical methods (design of crop rotation, the method of basic tillage and the background of fertilizers), which ensure high productivity of crop rotations on the eroded slope of ordinary chernozems and the preservation of fertility. The experiment included three factors: the design of the crop rotation, the method of the main tillage, the background of mineral fertilizers. It was found that, on average, for the period of research, the level of mineral nutrition has the greatest influence on the productivity of the crop rotation (83.9%), followed by the design of the crop rotation (14.9%). The influence of basic tillage is estimated at only 1.2%. It was found that the introduction of 20% of perennial grasses into the structure of crop rotation reduces soil washout by 19.5-27.7%, and an increase in the proportion of perennial grasses to 40% by 38.3-43.8%. The use of chisel tillage reduces washout by 15.6-24.2%, and with it the loss of humus. In the “C” crop rotation in all variants of the experiment, the humus content increased by 0.010.03%. It was revealed that the productivity of all the studied crop rotations changed under the influence of agrotechnical methods, reaching in the crop rotation “C” with 40% of perennial grasses and 60% of grain crops on average for the studied period the highest value of 3.53 t / ha of grain units, which is 9.3% higher than in the “B” crop rotation and 17.3% higher than in the “A” crop rotation.
The effect of herbicides on winter false flax (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz.)
Authors: Serdyuk Oksana , Trubina Victoria , Gorlova Lyudmila
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of herbicides on winter false flax and to identify the preparation that does not effect negatively on crop plants. The research was carried out in 20182020 at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. The experiment scheme included herbicides with active ingredients (a.i.), which effectively decreased the number of weeds on the plots. The effectiveness of the preparations was more than 70% for different types of weeds. However, the variants with the application of preparations with a.i. clopyralid 300 g/l, S-Metolachlor 960 g/l, ethametsulfuronmethyl 750 g/kg significantly decreased the plant density (by 18-32 pcs/m2) and seed yield (by 0.33-0.52 t/ha) of false flax in comparison with the control. The oil content of seeds was significantly decreased in the variants with the herbicides with a.i. S-Metolachlor 960 g/l with the application rate of 1.6 l/ha and ethametsulfuron-methyl 750 g/kg (by 1.2-1.5 %). In other variants, the oil content of false flax seeds differed from the control insignificantly (by 0.3-0.4 %). It has been established that the preparation with a.i. quinmerac 83 g/l + metazachlor 333 g/l with the application rate of 2.0 or 2.5 l/ha should be applied to decrease the number of weeds in the sowings of winter false flax in the central zone of the Krasnodar region. This preparation, without having a toxic effect, increases the yield by 0.15-0.17 t/ha and does not decrease the plant density and oil content of false flax seeds.
Physiological aspects of creating a flour polycomposite mixture for bread
Authors: Berezina Natalia , Masalov Vladimir , Pervykh Nina , Khmeleva Evgenia
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the results of research aimed at creating a flour polycomposite mixture for bread with dry milk whey and dry rye fermented malt. Leading manufacturers of flour polycomposite mixtures offer products with similar chemical composition. Therefore, it is urgent to expand the range of new products with a balanced composition, which makes it possible to obtain bakery products of consistently high quality. By the methods of mathematical planning of the experiment using the sequential simplex method, the composition of the flour mixture was established, including: rye-wheat flour (60:40) 93.5%, dry fermented rye malt 3.75, dry milk whey 2.75%. The analysis of finished products was carried out in terms of porosity and specific volume. The content of physiologically active substances in the finished bread was carried out by the calculation method. Bread made from a mixture of rye and wheat flour without additives was used as a control sample. Bread made from an optimal flour mixture has the best physical and chemical characteristics: specific volume 2.18 g / cm3, porosity 70.1%. The content of such minerals as Ca, Mg and P in bread increased to 1.7, -4.5 times, essential amino acids to 5.2%, and the amino acid rate increased to 1.018.6% compared to with control. At the same time, the content of the main nutrients (protein, fat and carbohydrates) in the product from the flour mixture is close to the control sample, and the energy value increased by 3.42 kcal.
Adapting of a Method for Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Squalene in Distillation Cuts of Sunflower Oil
Authors: Dubrovskaya Irina , Gerasimenko Evgeniy , Slobodyanik Margarita , Sonin Sergey
Published: August 2021

Squalene is a naturally-occurring dihydro-triterpene hydrocarbon (C30H50) with six double bonds, which is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of phytosterol or cholesterol in plants or animals. The sources of squalene and the main methods forsqualene production and determination are consideredin brief. Sunflower oil distillation cuts have been selected as the subject of the study, since they area promising secondary raw material for the industrial squalene production. The methods of sample preparation and quantification of squalene in sunflower oil distillation cuts applying gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry have been adapted.

The aim of the studyis to create an integrated approach to determining the qualitative and quantitative content of squalene in distillation cuts of vegetable oils. To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks have been solved:

– Amethod of sample preparation of distillation cuts for determination of squalene has been adapted;

– A method of qualitative and quantitative determination of squalene in distillation cuts has been modified.

As a result of this study, a technique for sample preparation of distillation cuts was proposed as well as a method for the qualitative and quantitative (absolute calibrationmethod) determination of squalene in distillation cuts of sunflower oil. To implement the technique, a Kristall 5000 gas chromatograph equipped with a mass spectrometric detector was used. Squalene and background components were recorded using the NIST 11 mass spectral database.
Influence of the innovative prebiotic complex on physiological state of pigs and quality indicators of pork
Authors: Slozhenkina Marina , Gorlov Ivan , Miroshnik Alexei , Nikolaev Dmitriy
Published: August 2021

The article presents an analysis of the use of antibiotic therapy in pig breeding and offered an alternative to them in the form of prebiotic supplements. Studies were conducted on the effect of probiotic drugs on the body of large white pigs in the farm-breeding plant Named after Lenin of Surovikinsky District of Volgograd Region and lasted until 180 days of age. For the experiment, 2 groups of Large White piglets of 2 months of age were formed. Each experimental group consisted of 15 pigs. Animals of the control group received standart farm animal diet (SD), analogs of the first experimental group SD + mixture of dietary supplements “LactuVet-1” and “Chlorelact” at a dosage of 0.2 mg / kg of live weight each. Deep studies were conducted on the effect of probiotic supplements to live weight gain, natural resistance, immunoglobulin reactivity, and slaughter indicators of piglets. Superiority of pigs from the experimental group in almost all the studied indicators over the peers of the control group was established.
Dynamic aspects of design and maintenance of the rotating machinery applied in the mining industry
Authors: Szolc Tomasz , Konowrocki Robert , Pochanke Andrzej , MichajŁow Maciej
Published: August 2021

In the paper a dynamic behaviour of the selected typical group of rotating machines applied in the mining industry is investigated. These are the beater mills and crushers as well as blowers and compressors, all driven by the asynchronous motors. In particular, there is considered an influence of various types of machine working tool loadings on the system lateral steady-state dynamic responses as well as a mutual torsional electromechanical interaction between the driving motor and the driven machine in transient operational conditions. The theoretical calculations have been performed by means of the advanced structural mechanical models. The conclusions drawn from computational results can be very useful during design phase of these devices as well as helpful for their users during regular maintenance.
Flotation of copper-bearing shale in solutions of inorganic salts and organic reagents
Authors: Ratajczak Tomasz
Published: August 2021

Flotation data on copper-bearing shale in aqueous solutions of inorganic electrolytes (NaCl, Na2SO4, KPF6, NH4Cl) and organic reagents (ethylamine, propylamine) as frothers were presented and discussed. The relationships between shale flotation, surface tension of aqueous solution and foam height during bubbling with air in the flotation system were presented. It has been found that flotation of shale in the presence of inorganic salts the yield was directly proportional to the surface tension of the aqueous solution of salt and inversely proportional to the height of the foam. On the other hand, for organic reagents solutions (short chain amines), a reverse effect has been observed in relation to the inorganic compounds studied, that is the yield of copper-bearing shale flotation and the foam height were inversely proportional to the surface tension of the amine solution.
Impact of spiral separator geometrical parameters on the density separation of various fine-grained materials
Authors: Szpyrka Jan , Suponik Tomasz , Lutyński Marcin
Published: August 2021

The study aims at the assessment of the impact of geometrical parameters of spiral separators on the efficiency of density separation of fine-grained materials. Experiments were carried out on three spiral separators: Krebs 2.85, Reichert LD-4 and Reichert LG-7. Three materials were used for the tests: raw coal, coal waste and mix of sand and magnetite as the model material. Results of raw coal and coal waste upgrading showed that density separation was most efficient in Reichert LD-4 spiral. This is due to the fact that this device had the highest amount of coils, height of sluice as well as was equipped with additional dense product collector and additional water sluice for transport water. The lower slope of sluice and larger height made separation even more efficient. Analysis of separation of model material, that is the mix of sand and magnetite, showed that in this case the existence of additional water sluice does not have an impact on product separation and best results were obtained in the Reichert LG-7 spiral separator. The shape and width of sluices did not have a significant impact on the separation process.
Trauer, eine bisher wenig beachtete Emotion als Ursache der chronischen Hufrehe
Authors: Torp Christian
Published: August 2021

Die dargestellten Erfahrungen belegen, dass Emotionen, psychische und geistige Faktoren beim Tier wie beim Menschen eine zentrale Rolle in der Krankheitsätiologie spielen und demzufolge in der Therapie Berücksichtigung finden müssen. Wollen wir ein echtes Gesundheitssystem, dann müssen wir all diese Faktoren einbeziehen und den Patienten in den Mittelpunkt unserer Betrachtungen stellen. Die Schulmedizin hat ihren Platz und ihre unanfechtbare Wichtigkeit im Bereich der akuten Erkrankungen. Sprechen wir allerdings von Heilung und wirklicher Gesundheit, dann sollten wir erkennen, dass ein Umdenken im oben dargestellten Sinne erforderlich ist.
Evaluation des Lippstädter Benzo-Checks als
Screening-Instrument für Nebenwirkungen der Langzeiteinnahme von
Benzodiazepinen und Z-Substanzen
Authors: Holzbach Rüdiger , Hunold Petra , Konert Frank
Published: August 2021

Fragestellung Mit dem Lippstädter Benzo-Check können
(Langzeit-) Anwendern von Benzodiazepinen und Z-Substanzen
überprüfen, ob bei ihnen Nebenwirkungen der Langzeiteinnahme
aufgetreten sind. Diese Studie dient der ersten Überprüfung, ob
der Benzo-Check bei einer Gruppe von Benzodiazepin- und
Z-Substanzen-Abhängigen vor Beginn des Entzuges die entsprechenden
Symptome ausreichend erfasst und andererseits eine depressive Kontrollgruppe
ohne Einnahme der entsprechenden Substanzen unauffällige Werte
erzielt.

Methode 101 stationäre Entzugspatienten mit Abhängigkeit
von Benzodiazepinen bzw. Z-Substanzen und 154 tagesklinische Patienten ohne die
Einnahme von Benzodiazepinen oder Z-Substanzen füllten zu Beginn der
jeweiligen Behandlung den Lippstädter Benzo-Check aus. Die Gesamtscores
bzw. die Subscores „Abhängigkeit“ wurden zwischen beiden
Gruppen verglichen.

Ergebnisse Die Mittelwerte der Gesamtscores der Benzo-Checks in den beiden
Kollektiven unterscheiden sich hochsignifikant, trotzdem sind rund die
Hälfte der depressiven Patienten im untersten von drei Warnbereichen
– „Die von Ihnen angegebenen Symptome kommen wahrscheinlich von
der Langzeiteinnahme der Medikamente“.

Allerdings können die Items „Schlafstörung“,
„Heimlichkeit“, „Wirkverlust“,
„Fixierung auf Medikation“ und
„Indikationserweiterung“ zu einem Subscore
(„Abhängigkeits-Score“) zusammengefasst werden, der eine
hohe Trennschärfe für einen Cut-off-Wert von<5 Punkten
erreicht, da 100% der depressiven Patienten und lediglich 10%
der Entzugs-Patienten darunter liegen.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Ergebnisse dieser ersten Studie mit dem
Lippstädter Benzo-Check als Screening-Instrument für
unerwünschte Folgen einer Langzeiteinnahme von Benzodiazepinen oder
Z-Substanzen sind ermutigend, trotz methodischer Limitierungen und der
Notwendigkeit für weitere Untersuchungen.
Effect of Quetiapine, from Low to High Dose, on Weight and Metabolic Traits: Results from a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dubath Céline , Piras Marianna , Gholam Mehdi , Laaboub Nermine , Grosu Claire , Sentissi Othman , Gamma Franziska , Solida Alessandra , von Gunten Armin , Conus Philippe , Eap Chin B.
Published: August 2021

Introduction The atypical antipsychotic quetiapine is known to induce weight gain and other metabolic complications. The underlying mechanisms are multifactorial and poorly understood with almost no information on the effect of dosage. Concerns were thus raised with the rise in low-dose quetiapine off-label prescription (i. e.,<150 mg/day).

Methods In this study, we evaluated the influence of quetiapine dose for 474 patients included in PsyMetab and PsyClin studies on weight and metabolic parameter evolution. Weight, blood pressure, lipid, and glucose profiles were evaluated during a follow-up period of 3 months after treatment initiation.

Results Significant dose-dependent metabolic alterations were observed. The daily dose was found to influence weight gain and increase the risk of undergoing clinically relevant weight gain (≥7% from baseline). It was also associated with a change in plasma levels of cholesterol (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol) as well as with increased odds of developing hypertriglyceridemia, as well as total and LDL hypercholesterolemia. No impact of a dose increase on blood pressure and plasma glucose level was observed.

Discussion The dose-dependent effect highlighted for weight gain and lipid alterations emphasizes the importance of prescribing the minimal effective dose. However, as the effect size of a dose increase on metabolic worsening is low, the potential harm of low-dose quetiapine should not be dismissed. Prescriptions must be carefully evaluated and regularly questioned in light of side effect onset.
Thrombotische Mikroangiopathie (TMA) nach Genersatztherapie (GRT) bei spinaler Muskelatrophie: Ein Fallbericht und Therapieoption
Authors: Witte Damian , Hartmann Hans , Drube Jens , Haffner Dieter , Illsinger Sabine
Published: August 2021

Einleitung Die 5q-assoziierte spinale Muskelatrophie ist eine der schwersten und häufigsten genetischen Erkrankungen. In den letzten Jahren wurden innovative Therapiemethoden entwickelt, die auf der Modifikation des SMN2-Gens, z.B. mittels Spleißmodifikatoren oder dem Ersatz des geschädigten SMN1-Gens basieren (Genersatztherapie, GRT). Es ist bekannt, dass die GRT von Off-Target-Effekten wie einer vorübergehenden Erhöhung der Leber- und Herzenzyme begleitet wird, die in der Regel keine ernsthafte klinische Relevanz haben. Wir berichten über ein 4 Jahre altes Mädchen, das nach GRT bei 5q- SMA eine TMA entwickelte.

Fallzusammenfassung Ein 4 Jahre altes Mädchen bildete 7 Tage nach einer GRT mit Onasemnogene-Abeparvovec eine TMA mit hämolytischer Anämie, Thrombozytopenie und Nierenversagen. Letzteres war gekennzeichnet durch eine Kreatinin-Erhöhung, Oligurie, Hypertonie, Protein- und Hämaturie und Ödeme. Nach Therapie mit Eculizumab und Gabe von Antihypertensiva normalisierten sich die hämolytische Aktivität, die Thrombozytenzahl, die Nierenfunktion als auch der Blutdruck innerhalb einer Woche.

Empfehlung und Schlussfolgerung Die Indikation zur Plasmapherese, Hämodialyse oder Eculizumab-Therapie muss möglicherweise schnell gestellt werden. Bei engmaschiger Überwachung der Laborparameter kann durch eine adäquate Therapie ein gutes Outcome erreicht werden. Daher sollte die GRT nur in Zentren durchgeführt werden, die neben der neuropädiatrischen Expertise auch über eine pädiatrische Nephrologie verfügen.
Uso de guia tridimensional personalizado no preparo do orifício do pedículo piloto em deformidades da coluna vertebral
Authors: Teixeira Kelsen de Oliveira , Matos Thiago Dantas , Fleury Rodrigo Barra Caiado , Costa Herton Rodrigo Tavares , Defino Helton Luiz Aparecido
Published: August 2021

Objetivo O presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar a utilização de guias personalizadas em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia para correção de deformidades vertebrais com sistema de fixação pedicular.

Métodos Quatro pacientes com deformidade espinhal (três casos de escoliose idiopática e um caso de cifoescoliose congênita) foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico corretivo com sistema de fixação pedicular. Protótipos de guias tridimensionais foram desenvolvidos e avaliados quanto à viabilidade técnica, precisão e exposição à radiação.

Resultados O presente estudo incluiu 85 pedículos vertebrais submetidos à inserção de parafusos pediculares na coluna torácica (65,8%) e na coluna lombar (34,2%). A viabilidade técnica foi positiva em 46 pedículos vertebrais (54,1%), sendo 25 torácicos (54%) e 21 lombares (46%). A viabilidade técnica foi negativa em 39 pedículos (45,9%), sendo 31 torácicos (79,5%) e 8 lombares (20,5%). Quanto à precisão, 36 parafusos foram centralizados (78,2%), sendo 17 na coluna torácica (36,9%) e 19 na coluna lombar (41,3%). O mau posicionamento foi observado em 10 parafusos (21,7%), sendo 8 na coluna torácica (17,4%) e 2 na coluna lombar (4,3%). A radiação média registrada nos procedimentos cirúrgicos foi de 5,17 ± 0,72 mSv, e o tempo total de uso da fluoroscopia em cada cirurgia variou de 180,3 a 207,2 segundos.

Conclusão Os protótipos de guias personalizadas permitiram o preparo seguro do orifício piloto nos pedículos vertebrais em casos de deformidade, com maior precisão e menor exposição intraoperatória à radiação.
Paquimeningite hipertrófica idiopática espinhal: Relato de caso
Authors: Araújo Melo Lucas Lodomiro , Daher Murilo Tavares , Gonçalves Marcus Vinícius Magno , Freitas Marianne Borges
Published: August 2021

A paquimeningite hipertrófica idiopática é uma causa rara de sintomas neurológicos apresentando mielopatia por compressão da medula espinhal. Relatamos um caso de paquimeningite com manifestação primária de tetraparesia após trauma de baixa energia e recorrência dos sintomas de mielopatia 5 anos após a cirurgia. A paciente, uma mulher de 19 anos, foi submetida a extensa investigação sem evidências de qualquer doença de base. Uma biópsia da meninge revelou processo inflamatório inespecífico com extensa fibrose da dura máter, também visualizado no período perioperatório. Esses achados, associados à exclusão de outras causas, sugerem o diagnóstico de paquimeningite hipertrófica idiopática.
Avaliação clínica da reconstrução do bíceps braquial com enxerto de tríceps
Authors: Storti Thiago Medeiros , Dias Rafael Gomes , Dantas Gabriel Cesar Dias , Faria Rafael Salomon Silva , Simionatto João Eduardo , Paniago Alexandre Firmino
Published: August 2021

Objetivo Avaliação clínica e funcional do tratamento cirúrgico da lesão crônica do bíceps braquial distal, por aplicação de técnica cirúrgica com enxerto de tendão do tríceps braquial distal.

Métodos Estudo baseado em revisão de prontuários e avaliação clínica de pacientes com lesão crônica da inserção distal do bíceps braquial submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico entre fevereiro de 2015 e fevereiro de 2017. Durante o acompanhamento pós-operatório mínimo de 12 meses, 7 pacientes foram avaliados quanto à amplitude de movimento dos cotovelos operado e não operado, à força de flexão, à extensão e supinação dos membros superiores, determinadas com dinamômetro digital, ao teste do gancho, ao índice de satisfação, e às escalas Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) e Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS).

Resultados À avaliação funcional pós-operatória, nenhum paciente relatou insatisfação com o aspecto estético das incisões; todos ficaram satisfeitos/muito satisfeitos com a amplitude de movimento e a força do membro operado. Complicações neurovasculares, infecção de sítio cirúrgico, ou ruptura de tendão não foram observadas. Nas escalas MEPS e DASH, todos os pacientes apresentaram pontuações iguais a 100 e 0, respectivamente. A flexão média foi de 133,5° no lado operado, contra 139,2° no lado não operado. A extensão média foi de 5° no lado operado, contra 0° no lado não operado. A supinação foi de 86,5° contra 90°, e a pronação foi de 80° contra 80°, ao se comparar os lados operado e não operado, respectivamente. As forças médias de flexão, extensão e supinação corresponderam, respectivamente, a 92,5%, 96,4%, e 86,8% das forças do membro não operado.

Conclusão A reconstrução do bíceps braquial distal com enxerto de tríceps parece ser uma opção eficaz e segura para o tratamento de lesões crônicas do bíceps distal.
Enxerto e transferência de nervo para melhora da flexão do cotovelo em crianças com paralisia obstétrica. Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Velásquez-Girón Eduardo , Zapata-Copete James A.
Published: August 2021

A paralisia obstétrica do plexo braquial é uma lesão bastante comum em neonatos, sendo causada pela tração do plexo braquial durante o trabalho de parto. A presente revisão sistemática tem como objetivo explorar o uso de enxertos e transferências de nervo como procedimentos para melhora da flexão do cotovelo em crianças com paralisia obstétrica. A presente revisão sistemática seguiu as diretrizes Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA, na sigla em inglês) e foi baseada em pesquisa nos bancos de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Wholis e SCOPUS. De acordo com os critérios pré-determinados, os artigos incluídos eram ensaios clínicos, quase-experimentos, e estudos de coortes sobre enxertos e transferências de nervos em crianças (de até 3 anos de idade) com diagnóstico de paralisia obstétrica. A ferramenta de avaliação Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions foi usada em estudos não randomizados. Sete estudos utilizaram os dois procedimentos; três deles compararam os procedimentos de enxerto e transferência de nervo, enquanto os outros quatro os combinaram como método reconstrutivo em crianças com paralisia obstétrica. Segundo o sistema de classificação do Medical Research Council, os dois métodos melhoraram a flexão do cotovelo das crianças de maneira similar. De modo geral, nossos resultados mostraram que o enxerto de nervo e a transferência de nervo são opções igualmente boas para a reconstrução nervosa em casos de paralisia obstétrica. Mais estudos sobre as técnicas de reconstrução nervosa na paralisia obstétrica devem ser realizados, de preferência ensaios clínicos randomizados, para validação dos resultados dessa revisão sistemática.
Progressive Increase Trend in HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Brazil
Authors: Pires Rafael Cardoso , Carvalho Raiany , Gama Ricardo Ribeiro , Carvalho André Lopes , Santos Carlos Roberto , Capuzzo Renato de Castro
Published: August 2021

Introduction The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is rising in the whole world.

Objective To access the prevalence and temporal trend of HPV infection in oropharyngeal cancer by analyzing the expression of the p16 protein.

Methods We conducted a transversal study in a Brazilian reference oncology center. The sample consisted of 254 patients with OSCC. The analyzed period was from 2013 to 2017. All patients underwent p16 immunohistochemistry analysis.

Results The overall prevalence of HPV-related OSCC was of 31.9%. During the analyzed period, we observed a trend of increasing rates of OSCC that marked positive for p16 immunohistochemistry. The annual prevalence of p16-positive cases was of 20.6% in 2013, 23.9% in 2014, 33.3% in 2015, 38.3% in 2016, and 34.2% in 2017. Most of the patients were stage III and IV (84%). Female patients (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003–5.888; p = 0.049) and younger patients (OR = 2.919; 95%CI: 1.682–5.067; p < 0.005) were associated with a higher risk of HPV-related OSCC. Tobacco consumption had a proportional lower risk of HPV-related OSCC (OR = 0.152; 95%CI: 0063–0.366; p < 0.005).

Conclusion We observed an increasing prevalence of HPV-related OSCC in a specialized cancer hospital in Brazil.
Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Tinnitus Functional Index Questionnaire
Authors: Rosa Marine Raquel Diniz da , Doi Marcelo Yugi , Branco-Barreiro Fátima Cristina Alves , Simonetti Patricia , Oiticica Jeanne , Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes
Published: August 2021

Introduction Tinnitus affects a large portion of the world's population. There are several questionnaires being used for the evaluation of the severity of tinnitus and its impact in quality of life; however, they do not measure treatment-related changes. So, a new self-reported questionnaire was developed, the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), which has been translated into several languages.

Objective To perform the translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the TFI questionnaire for Brazilian Portuguese.

Method This is a multicenter project divided into two stages: translation and cultural adaptation; and validation and reliability. For the validation, the Brazilian Portuguese version of the TFI was correlated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) domains for tinnitus and quality of life and was evaluated by the Spearman ρ test. The reliability and internal consistency were evaluated by the Cronbach α test.

Result The Brazilian version of the TFI was obtained through an initial translation process, synthesis of translations, backtranslation and evaluation by a committee of experts. This version was then applied in 88 patients complaining of tinnitus from speech therapy and otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinics of the three school clinics. The Brazilian version presented high reliability, as evidenced by the Cronbach α value (α = 0.870), and strong correlation (rho = 0.760 and p = 0.000).

Conclusion The high reliability found in the results demonstrates that the Brazilian Portuguese version of the TFI is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the severity and impact of tinnitus on quality of life and changes related to its treatment.
AXIN2-Associated Adenomatous Colorectal Polyposis
Authors: Alves Martins Bruno Augusto , Falluh Filho Reinaldo , Almeida Romulo Medeiros de , Sandoval Renata Lazari
Published: August 2021

Introduction Most cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) occur sporadically; however, ∼ 3% to 6% of all CRCs are related to inherited syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and mutY DNA glycosylase (MUTYH) germline mutations are the main genetic causes related to colorectal polyposis. Nevertheless, in many cases mutations in these genes have not been identified. The aim of the present case report is to describe a rare case of genetic colorectal polyposis associated with the axis inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2) gene.

Case Report The first colonoscopy screening of a 61-year-old male patient with no known family history of CRC revealed ∼ 50 colorectal polyps. A histological evaluation of the resected polyps showed low-grade tubular adenomas. Germline genetic testing through a multigene panel for cancer predisposition syndromes revealed a pathogenic variant in the AXIN2 gene. In addition to colorectal polyposis, the patient had mild features of ectodermal dysplasia: hypodontia, scant body hair, and onychodystrophy.

Discussion The AXIN2 gene acts as a negative regulator of the Wnt/β -catenin signaling pathway, which participates in development processes and cellular homeostasis. Further studies are needed to support the surveillance recommendations for carriers of the AXIN2 pathogenic variant.
Involvement of Inflammation in Venous Thromboembolic Disease: An Update in the Age of COVID-19
Authors: Poredos Peter , Poredos Pavel
Published: August 2021

The inflammatory process is strongly involved in the pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and has a significant role in disease prediction. Inflammation most probably represents a common denominator through which classical and nonclassical risk factors stimulate thrombotic process. Inflammation of the venous wall promotes the release of tissue factor, inhibits the release of anticoagulant factors, and hampers endogenous fibrinolysis. Systemic inflammatory response also inhibits restoration of blood flow in the occluded vessel. Recent studies indicate that increased inflammatory response (“cytokine storm”) is related to prothrombotic state and thromboembolic events in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The growing evidence of involvement of inflammation in the pathogenesis of VTE indicates the importance of anti-inflammatory treatment and prevention of VTE. While aspirin was shown to be effective in prevention of recurrent venous thrombosis after treatment with anticoagulant drugs, some other anti-inflammatory drugs like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents may have prothrombotic effect, thus potentially increasing the risk of VTE. Recently, new specific anti-inflammatory drug inhibitors of inflammatory markers that have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of VTE are being searched. As thrombogenesis is based on activation of coagulation provoked by inflammation, then prevention and treatment of VTE should include both anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory agents. Combined treatment is related to increased risk of bleeding complications, therefore subtherapeutic doses of both drugs should be used to improve the efficacy of management of VTE without increasing the risk of bleeding.
Current polarity effects on laboratory plasma jets
Authors: Banasek J. T. , Rocco S. V. R. , Potter W. M. , Lavine E. S. , Seyler C. E. , Kusse B. R. , Hammer D. A.
Published: August 2021

Plasma jets produced by a pulsed power machine were investigated using Thomson scattering and other diagnostics in order to make detailed comparisons to simulations. These jets were produced from a 15 μm thick disk of Al foil on a 1.2 MA, 100 ns rise time, pulsed power machine. Experiments were performed with both a radially inward and a radially outward current flow in the Al foil to investigate the effects of voltage polarity in the experiments and determine how extended magnetohydrodynamic (XMHD) effects, such as the Hall effect, change the formation of the jet. We recorded Thomson scattering spectra with a low enough laser energy to not perturb the plasma while providing a high enough signal to noise ratio to resolve the scattered features. This enabled the measurement of the electron temperature in the jet region of the plasma, 15.5±4 eV for both current polarities. Jets with a radially outward current flow were heated more from inverse bremsstrahlung when 10 J of laser energy was used, implying that these jets are denser than the ones with a radially inward current. This higher density was confirmed by interferometry measurements. Experimental results were compared with XMHD computer simulations, which predicted electron temperatures 1.5–3 σ above those measured, and significantly higher density than experiments in both polarities. Possible sources of this discrepancy are discussed.
Nitrogen modulation of boron doping behavior for accessible n-type diamond
Authors: Liu D. Y. , Hao L. C. , Teng Y. , Qin F. , Shen Y. , Tang K. , Ye J. D. , Zhu S. M. , Zhang R. , Zheng Y. D. , Gu S. L.
Published: August 2021

The n-type doping of diamond is quite difficult, hindering the development of diamond-based electronic devices for decades. In this work, we have designed a boron–nitrogen co-doping technique to realize n-type diamonds. Basically, the activation energy of the donors has been greatly reduced by around 50%, thanks to the successful synthesis of the boron–nitrogen related donor-like complex by a fine control of the synthesis condition. Compared to the sole nitrogen doping scheme, it is found that the co-incorporation of boron elements is beneficial to a lot of aspects, including better crystalline quality, faster growth, higher nitrogen solubility, and stability. With the technique, a p-i-n diamond homojunction has been fabricated. A clear rectification behavior has been recorded, demonstrating that the current co-doping technique we proposed is a feasible path to the accessible n-type diamond.
A molecular dynamics simulation of inhomogeneous silicon–germanium nucleation from supersaturated vapor mixtures
Authors: Wang Wen-Bo , Kambara Makoto
Published: August 2021

The inhomogeneous nucleation of silicon–germanium (Si–Ge) systems from supersaturated vapor mixtures was investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Isothermal simulation runs were performed using the Tersoff potential at various supersaturations and temperatures. We focused on the inhomogeneous dynamics, nucleation rate, and critical cluster size, as well as the effect of inhomogeneity on the quantitative results. The study showed that Si atoms nucleate much faster than Ge atoms. This may lead to the inhomogeneity and final production of Si-rich critical clusters. Such inhomogeneity may also stem from the different chemical properties of Si and Ge atoms. Under the tested conditions, the nucleation rates were within 1033–1036 J/m−3 s−1. They were influenced significantly by the supersaturation and slightly by the temperature. The critical size of 2.5–4.5 atoms was heavily dependent on both the supersaturation and temperature. Our results are generally consistent with those from other nucleating systems using the same method. The inhomogeneity of the Si–Ge system has no significant effect on the nucleation rate but may contribute to smaller critical cluster sizes at low temperatures.
Highly fcc-textured Pt–Al alloy films grown on MgO(001) showing enhanced spin Hall efficiency
Authors: Lau Yong-Chang , Seki Takeshi , Takanashi Koki
Published: August 2021

We report on a systematic comparative study of the spin Hall efficiency between highly face-centered cubic (fcc)-textured Pt–Al alloy films grown on MgO(001) and poorly crystallized Pt–Al alloy films grown on SiO2. Using CoFeB as the detector, we show that for Al compositions centering around x = 25, mainly L12-ordered Pt100−xAlx alloy films grown on MgO exhibit outstanding charge-spin conversion efficiency. For the Pt78Al22/CoFeB bilayer on MgO, we obtain damping-like spin Hall efficiency as high as ξDL ∼ +0.20 and expect up to a sevenfold reduction in power consumption compared to the polycrystalline bilayer of the same Al composition on SiO2. This work demonstrates that improving the crystallinity of fcc Pt-based alloys is a crucial step for achieving large spin Hall efficiency and low power consumption in this material class.
Ferromagnetic insulating epitaxially strained La2NiMnO6 thin films grown by sputter deposition
Authors: De Luca G. , Spring J. , Bashir U. , Campanini M. , Totani R. , Dominguez C. , Zakharova A. , Döbeli M. , Greber T. , Rossell M. D. , Piamonteze C. , Gibert M.
Published: August 2021

The field of oxide spintronics can strongly benefit from the establishment of ferromagnetic insulators with near room-temperature Curie temperature. Here, we investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of epitaxially strained thin films of the double perovskite La2NiMnO6 (LNMO) grown by off-axis radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. We find that the films retain insulating behavior and a bulk-like Curie temperature in the order of 280 K independently of the epitaxial strain conditions. These results suggest a prospective implementation of LNMO films in multi-layer device architectures where a high-temperature ferromagnetic insulating state is a prerequisite.
Role of a fractal shape of the inclusions on acoustic attenuation in a nanocomposite
Authors: Luo H. , Ren Y. , Gravouil A. , Giordano V. M. , Zhou Q. , Wang H. , Tanguy A.
Published: August 2021

Phononic materials structured at the macro- or nano-scale are at the forefront of materials research for controlling transport of sound and heat, respectively. Besides the structure length scale, the exact geometry has been found to be of relevance as well. In this work, we provide an extensive finite element investigation of the effect of the shape of periodically dispersed inclusions in a 2D matrix on propagation and attenuation of an acoustic wave packet. We show that, by significantly complexifying the shape from circular to fractal-like (dendrite shape), phonon scattering at wavelengths comparable with the inner structure of the inclusion is enhanced, leading to a strong attenuation that can be fitted by a compressed exponential function, while in the circular case, the diffusive regime is observed.
Reduced magnetocrystalline anisotropy of CoFe2O4 thin films studied by angle-dependent x-ray magnetic circular dichroism
Authors: Nonaka Yosuke , Wakabayashi Yuki K. , Shibata Goro , Sakamoto Shoya , Ikeda Keisuke , Chi Zhendong , Wan Yuxuan , Suzuki Masahiro , Koide Tsuneharu , Tanaka Masaaki , Nakane Ryosho , Fujimori Atsushi
Published: August 2021

Spinel-type CoFe2O4 is a ferrimagnetic insulator with the Néel temperature exceeding 790 K, and it shows strong cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) in bulk materials. However, when a CoFe2O4 film is grown on other materials, its magnetic properties are degraded so that so-called magnetically dead layers are expected to be formed in the interfacial region. We investigate how the magnetic anisotropy of CoFe2O4 is modified at the interface of CoFe2O4/Al2O3 bilayers grown on Si(111) using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We find that the thinner CoFe2O4 films have significantly smaller MCA values than bulk materials. The reduction in MCA is explained by the reduced number of Co2+ ions at the Oh site, as reported by a previous study [Wakabayashi et al., Phys. Rev. B 96, 104410 (2017)].
Comparison of linear and quadratic dispersion models for phonon transport in one-dimensional mass-disordered systems
Authors: Mori N. , Komada A. , Mil’nikov G.
Published: August 2021

Thermal conductance, K, of one-dimensional mass-disordered systems is calculated. Two types of dispersion models are considered: linear and quadratic dispersion model. For the linear dispersion model, the thermal conductance shows the super-diffusive nature, which is consistent with the previous research. For the quadratic dispersion model, the thermal conductance exhibits the normal-diffusion in which K is inversely proportional to the system size.
Edge modes for flexural waves in quasi-periodic linear arrays of scatterers
Authors: Martí-Sabaté Marc , Torrent Dani
Published: August 2021

We present a multiple scattering analysis of robust interface states for flexural waves in thin elastic plates. We show that finite clusters of linear arrays of scatterers built on a quasi-periodic arrangement support bounded modes in the two-dimensional space of the plate. The spectrum of these modes plotted against the modulation defining the quasi-periodicity has the shape of a Hofstadter butterfly, which as suggested by previous works might support topologically protected modes. Some interface states appear inside the gaps of the butterfly, which are enhanced when one linear cluster is merged with its mirror reflected version. The robustness of these modes is verified by numerical experiments in which different degrees of disorder are introduced in the scatterers, showing that neither the frequency nor the shape of the modes is altered. Since the modes are at the interface between two one-dimensional arrays of scatterers deposited on a two-dimensional space, these modes are not fully surrounded by bulk gaped materials so that they are more suitable for their excitation by propagating waves. The generality of these results goes beyond flexural waves since similar results are expected for acoustic or electromagnetic waves.