bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Tranylcypromine on Spermatogenesis in Adult Male Rats
Authors:   Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University. Shiraz, Iran., Gholamzadeh Mahboobeh , Shariati Mehrdad ,   Department of Biology, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University. Kazerun, Iran., Moghadamnia Davood ,   PhD of Animal Physiology, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University. Shiraz, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Background: Tranylcypromine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. It inhibits the breakdown of dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine and other monoamines. The aim of this study was to investigate the adverse effects of trarylcypromine on the spermatogenesis in adult male rats. Methods: In this study, 50 adults male Wistar rats, weighing 200-250g, were used and divided into 5 groups of 10. Control group that was not given the treatment; the sham group received normal saline as a solvent and the experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 received 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg of trarylcypromine orally for 21 days. At the end of the trial period, the testes of rats were removed, tissue sections were prepared, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and the histological features were examined under light microscopy. The statistical analyses performed were ANOVA and Tukey tests, using SPSS software, version 19. Results: The results demonstrated that the number of spermatogonials, primary spermatocytes, spermatids and Leydig cells in the experimental groups 2 and 3 receiving tranylcypromine significantly decreased compared to those in the control group. However, the number of Sertoli cells in the experimental groups did not change significantly at any dose of the drug compared to those in the control group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Tranylcypromine reduced spermatogenesis and the respective indices in rat testicular tissues.
Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis: A Rare Case from South India
Authors:   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Radiodiagnosis Medical Council of India, Government T D Medical College, Alappuzha, India., Sabarinadh M. G. , Verghese Josey T ,   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Radiodiagnosis Medical Council of India, Government T D Medical College, Alappuzha, India., Job Suma ,   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Radiodiagnosis Medical Council of India, Government T D Medical College, Alappuzha, India.
Published: June 2021

Background and Importance: Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare but frequently fatal clinical entity caused by dematiaceous fungi like Cladophialophora bantiana. Fungal brain abscess often presents with subtle clinical symptoms and signs, and present diagnostic dilemma due to its imaging appearance that may be indistinguishable from other intracranial space-occupying lesions. Still, certain imaging patterns on Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) help to narrow down the differential diagnosis and initiate prompt treatment of these infections. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old immunocompetent man presented with right-sided hemiparesis and hemisensory loss and a provisional diagnosis of stroke was made. The radiological evaluation suggested the possibility of a cerebral abscess. Accordingly, surgical excision of the lesion was performed and the histopathological examination of the specimen revealed the etiology as phaeohyphomycosis. The patient was further treated with antifungals and discharged when general conditions improved. Conclusion: Fungal Central Nervous System (CNS) infections present diagnostic challenges and should be considered while interpreting ring-enhancing CNS lesions in immunocompetent patients. Surgical resection and antifungal treatment should be considered in all patients with cerebral phaeohyphomycosis.
The Accuracy of Diagnosis and Treatment Made by Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Technicians in Patients Admitted to Hospitals in Qazvin, Iran
Authors:   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Namdar Peyman , Kazemifar Amir Mohammad ,   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Mohammadi Mahsa ,   Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Background: Correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment measures of pre-hospital Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) are very important in improving the quality of patient care and reducing mortality and costs. Objective: This study aims to investigate the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment made by pre-hospital EMTs in patients admitted to hospitals in Qazvin, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive study conducted in 2018, the medical records of 600 patients who were transferred to Bu-Ali Sina and Velayat hospitals in Qazvin by ambulance during March-June 2018 were examined. Diagnosis and treatment measures were extracted from the emergency sheet. Education, work experience, and amount of in-service training of pre-hospital EMTs were also collected. Data were analyzed in SPSS V. 23 software using ANOVA, Chi-square test, and t-test. Findings: Out of 600 cases, 71.7% of the initial diagnoses made by EMTs were correct, 8.5% were incorrect, and 19.8% were without initial diagnosis. Regarding the treatment measures, 65.8% were correct and 3.5% were incorrect. Conclusion: Prompt help and correct diagnostic and treatment measures of pre-hospital EMTs can significantly reduce mortality and potential injuries.
Critical Care Nurses’ Attitudes Towards Organ Donation and its Relationship With Empathy
Authors:   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Taherkhani Mahnaz , Yekefallah Leili ,   Department of Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Dehghankar Leila ,   Department of Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Namdar Peyman ,   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Ranjbaran Mehdi ,   Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Background: Critical care nurses play an important role in the organ donation process, and their attitudes towards it and willingness to register as an organ donor are related to various factors, including empathy. Objective: This study aims to compare the attitudes of nurses in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Emergency Department (ED), and Dialysis Unit (DU) towards organ donation and its relationship with empathy. Methods: This descriptive study with cross-sectional design that was conducted in 2019 in hospitals affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in Qazvin, Iran on 222 nurses from the three critical care units who were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data collection tools were Chakradhar’s Organ Donation Questionnaire (ODQ) and Davis’s Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), completed by nurses were completed. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical tests. Findings: The mean ODQ score was higher in DU and ICU nurses than in ED nurses (P=0.23), where the nurses of ICU-General had the highest score (51±6.07) and the nurses of ED-Trauma had the lowest score. The highest and lowest IRI scores were related to DU and ICU-General nurses, respectively. The total IRI score (r=0.13, P=0.04) and its dimensions of perspective taking ( r=0.152, P=0.02) and fantasy (r=0.14, P=0.03) had a positive correlation with the nurses’ attitudes. Conclusion: Critical care nurses have greater than the average score in ODQ. There is a significant relationship between empathy and their attitudes towards organ donation. Their empathy with patients has a significant effect on increasing their attitudes towards accepting organ donation. Therefore, it is necessary to implement educational interventions for changing the critical care nurses’ attitudes in order to increase their empathy.
Conceptualizing A Program Aimed at Empowering Beginning International Health Science Students for A Successful Transition to University
Authors: Cayetano-Penman Joy , Malik Gulzar , Hampton Kerry , Zhong Yaping
Published: June 2021

International health science students face many challenges at the beginning of their courses, including a lack of awareness of cultural differences, adjusting to academic expectations, communication difficulties, clinical placement challenges, financial pressures, maintaining cultural and religious practices, discrimination, and emotions such as loneliness and being homesick. This study aims to assist beginning international students enrolled in health sciences programs to adapt to university life and achieve academic success by expanding their coping abilities and self- management strategies. A survey approach was used to evaluate the pilot program named EMPOWERMENT. All first-year international students who participated in the EMPOWERMENT program were invited to complete a post-training questionnaire after the program. The results revealed that increased resilience and improved skills to manage stress were the most frequently reported outcomes of the program. In acquiring these important skills, the students valued the opportunity to share their experiences and learn from each other.
Value and Use of English as a Global Language in a Bulgarian Higher Education Internationalization Context
Authors: Tananuraksakul Noparat
Published: June 2021

Both internationalization of higher education and use of English as a global language (EGL) coexist, for the latter is a vital tool to attain the former and vice versa. Although the former came into existence in non-native English-speaking countries in Europe, and the latter became the major medium of instruction at universities with the de facto ‘extraterritorial’ lingua franca, research into international students’ issues has mainly been conducted in English-speaking countries. This paper, therefore, aims to explore such value and use of EGL in a higher education internationalization context in Bulgaria. With the qualitative research approach, two themes emerge, answering two research questions. The results collected from 13 students from European and former Soviet backgrounds offer insights into linguistic, cultural, and psychological challenges international students tend to encounter as well as determinants that impact their adjustment.
Mission Statements of Japanese Civil Society Organizations Supporting International Students in the Kansai Area
Authors: Ivanova Polina
Published: June 2021

This study is applying critical discourse analysis (CDA) to mission statements of civil society organizations (CSOs) in the Kansai area of Japan to examine how those texts may be reflecting their views on migration and impacting their practices related to international students. The analysis shows similarities across CSO types in choosing organizational names, using vague and bureaucratic vocabulary for formulating their mission statements, as well as confusing and contradictory style of some statements and event announcements that may be misleading or discouraging for potential members. At the same time, diversity of vocabulary referring to their target audience demonstrates shifting perspectives of CSOs on international students and more generally, on foreigners living in Japan.
Factors Affecting Competitiveness in University Ranking Exercises
Authors: Hewitt W. E. (Ted)
Published: June 2021

In recent years, international and national university ranking exercises have become commonplace, serving a host of stakeholders and beneficiaries including students, institutions, and governments. As such, they have drawn increasing scrutiny from academics and other observers, many of whom have called into question the integrity of the methodologies employed, and thus the outcomes of the process. By contrast, relatively little attention has been paid to largely external factors that can affect a given institution’s ability to compete within a given ranking exercise, such as their corporate status, geographic location, and/or access to resources. Building on previous work examining the impact of such “extraneous” factors, this study undertakes a quantitative analysis of the best-known university ranking exercise in Brazil to better understand the impact of such variables, both within other national contexts and well beyond.
FORMATION OF COMPONENTS OF FINANCIAL POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Politechnical Institute», Darahan Anton , Gevorkyan Artem ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Politechnical Institute»
Published: June 2021

Today the financial potential of the enterprise is one of the basic indicators of successful operation of the enterprise. For effective management of financial potential there is a need to clearly define its components that will form the capacity of the enterprise. The essence of financial potential is not so much in the availability of financial resources in a particular period of time, as in the ability of the company to form and reproduce the necessary assets in full with minimal costs and in a short time. The level of financial potential directly affects the level of competitiveness of the enterprise - the ability of the enterprise to compete in markets with producers and sellers of similar goods by providing higher quality, affordable prices, creating comfortable conditions for buyers and consumers. Difficult modern economic conditions, aggravation of social and epidemiological problems, unstable legal framework require national enterprises to create a system that would allow efficient use of all available and potential financial resources, respond quickly to changes in the environment and ensure high financial results. not only in the current period, but also in the long run. To date, very little research has been conducted in the scientific literature on the components of financial potential, which denies today's scientists in-depth study of the functioning of financial potential. Thus, we propose to consider the financial potential of the following elements: resource component, organizational component, information component, analytical component. To effectively use the components of financial potential, it is also necessary to take into account entrepreneurial skills (human factor). After all, each company needs to adequately assess current and future financial opportunities and make effective decisions to optimize financial resources. In addition, the management system itself also plays an important role. It should also be noted that the article defines the functions of financial potential and its features. It is determined that its functions include: resource, information, organizational and analytical component. The basic stages at which there is an estimation of financial potential of the enterprise on the basis of its components are formed.
TRANSFORMATION OF ADVERTISING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NEW TRENDS OF CONSUMPTION AS A SOCIAL ACTION
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Reshetilova Tetiana , Kuvaieva Tetiana ,   Dnipro University of Technology
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of advertising transformation under the influence of new trends of consumption as a social action. It is highlighted that the current socio-economic situation is creating new subjects for the analysis of already well-known objects. The place and role of advertising in modern society is certainly based on its market principles in the past, but today it is necessary to take into account a set of influencing factors that were previously mutually exclusive but are now indivisible. The greatest influence is exerted by the socio-cultural aspect of consumer behavior, which is based on values and motivators that come from the lifestyle in a qualitatively new external environment. It means that they are not limited to market transactions. Moreover, in today's conditions, social stratification has receded into the background and is not among the main factors of influence. This transformation of understanding the practice of consumption allows to reasonably recruit and use advertising tools to increase their effectiveness. It is determined that during forming an advertising campaign it is necessary to consider the impact on consumer behavior of modern information technology, namely the selection of the necessary information from the large amount that is available. A large amount of information creates an ambiguous situation for the consumer. This requires the integration of advertising tools. It is established that the parallel use of several advertising media allows to carry out the influence similarly to the technology of purposeful management. The availability of technical means that quickly realize the desire can be recommended for both long-term brand communication and for the short term.
THE ESSENCE OF A PROJECT-ORIENTED ENTERPRISE IN THE CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors:   Leonid Yuzkov Khmelnytskyi University of Management and Law, Chaikovska Inna ,   Khmelnitskyi National University
Published: June 2021

Industry 4.0 radically changes the approaches to the functioning of modern enterprises, business processes, components of competitive advantages of enterprises. There is an urgent need for continuous generation and use of knowledge and application of information technology in the innovative activities of the enterprise, which is implemented in the form of projects. Therefore, it is advisable to study the essential content of the category "project-oriented enterprise" and its transformation into "project-oriented enterprise 4.0" in Industry 4.0. Today, more and more Ukrainian enterprises are engaged in projects that allow them to implement innovative developments. Project activities occupy an important place along with their operational activities. Enterprises are aware of the need to implement project management and are in the process of their transformation into project-oriented enterprises. However, there is no single approach to defining the concept of "project-oriented enterprise", especially taking into account the peculiarities of their operation in Ukraine. The article is devoted to the study of the essential content of the category "project-oriented enterprise" and its transformation into the category "project-oriented enterprise 4.0" in Industry 4.0. The main features of the operation of project-oriented enterprises and the impact on them Industry 4.0 are identified. One of the main features of a project-oriented enterprise is the more intensive use of knowledge as a source of competitive advantage. It is determined that the approaches to the essence of the project-oriented enterprise have undergone significant changes with the advent of the concept of Industry 4.0. It is established that "project-oriented enterprise 4.0" is an enterprise which, in addition to its operational activities, is actively engaged in project activities, which undergoes various stages of transformation into project-oriented, its organizational structure has matrix elements and one of the main features is knowledge management system, which includes technological and social aspects, the purpose of which is the formation of "artificial" intellectual capital as a source of competitive advantage.
THE ESSENCE OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF HOUSEHOLDS AND DIRECTIONS OF ITS PROVISION
Authors:   Vinnytsia Educational and Scientific Institute of Economics West Ukrainian National University, Kovalenko Viktoriia , Matsedonska Natalia ,   Vinnytsia Educational and Scientific Institute of Economics West Ukrainian National University
Published: June 2021

Today, the priority of economic development of any state, including Ukraine, is to ensure high financial security of the state, which, in turn, is one of the main components of national security of Ukraine. In the country's financial security system at the micro level, the basic component is the financial security of the household. The proper functioning of the financial security system is complicated by a number of problems, among which are: low household incomes, high unemployment and poverty, shadowing of the economy. The lack of a comprehensive approach to the study of financial security of households, the objective need for research in this area, the relevance of the issue and its practical significance determine the choice of research topic. Scientific publications of leading domestic scientists have become methodological and informational. Methods of analysis, comparison, generalization, system approach, abstraction and grouping were used during the research. The article examines the essence of the concept of "financial security of the household" in the financial security of the state. The object and subjects of financial security of the household are defined. It is proved that today the problem of ensuring the financial security of households has become extremely relevant. This fact is closely related to the globalization of the economy and integration processes that contribute to changing the welfare of households. The paper notes that the financial security of households has its own specific features. Three main functions of the system of ensuring the financial security of the household (preventive, prognostic and managerial) are described. There are five main areas of financial security of households, namely: increasing household income, balancing household income and expenditure, using self-insurance, insurance using the capabilities of insurance companies and legal protection of households. The article also lists the forms of ensuring the financial security of households.
MODELING OF STATE POLICY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRIES (CCI)
Authors:   Kyiv University of Culture, Proskurina Mariia , Parkhomenko Iryna ,   Kyiv University of Culture
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to one of the most dynamic sectors of the world economic system - to the sector of cultural and creative industries and to the issue of modeling its economic development public policy. One of the current trends today is intensifycation of the transformation process of the subsidized cultural sector into a dynamic business environment through a combination social services and market mechanisms. The creative economy has the potential to support developing countries in diversifying production, exports and providing sustainable development. In a context pandemic COVID-19, the sector has suffered significant losses and today needs comprehensive support. The question of applying a strategic approach to the state policy of CCI economic development, which involves determining its main directions, has become acute. The system approach in modeling process can ensure the successful implementation of an such policy in practice. In the article are identificated strategic directions for the state policy of CCI economic development in Ukraine using the method of modeling, to ensure the holistic development of the sector, taking into account the specific risks in the absence of such a policy. The main method in the article is the method of modeling, as well as used of strategic and systematic approaches for studing and analysis of the public policy specifics in the field of cultural economy in such countries as Ukraine. In the article is presents the developed model of the economic development state policy of the CCI, which consists of the main directions, its main elements, as well as a group of management decisions aimed at the development of the sector. The modeling process is based on taking into account the possible risks of the lack of a holistic approach in the implementation of public policy in the Ukrainian CCI sector. The proposed model with the main directions and elements, further focused on the separation of subsectors in the CCI sector and the development of legislative support for their functioning, establishing intersectoral cooperation, the relationship of their development strategies, taking into account and minimizing risks associated with lack of policy in the field of culture, as well as creates the preconditions for the use of economic and mathematical apparatus to substantiate forecasts and prospects for adaptation of management decisions to the changing internal and external environment.
Developing Seketi Village during COVID-19 Pandemic as Tourism Village in Sidoarjo
Authors: Ngaisah Siti , Flora Nita T.B.S Nur
Published: June 2021

Seketi Village located in Balong Bendo, Sidoarjo has most of its community work as a farmer. Seketi is known as a village with ability in weebing in the form of “tempeh/tempayan” (rounded woven bamboo contrainer). This ability is becoming the source of tourism potential in Seketi Village. Pok Darwis, a community group in Seketi Village, has role in developing this toruism potential. However, the emergence of COVID-19 make Seketi Village experience the degradation and face some problems in developing the tourism potential. Therefore the community need to find a solution including, enhancing the awareness of the young generation to expand the potential of bamboo craft, understanding the tourism legality and the knowledge on the era of new normal. In summary, it is needed an activity that can help to solve the problems in the form of socialization, such as cultivating bamboo and installing the signpost to Seketi Village.
Enhancing Self-Monitoring with Differential Negative Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior for Increasing Students’ Writing Production
Authors: M. Torchia Meghann , W. Maag John
Published: June 2021

Many students find writing aversive and behave in ways to escape the task. Self-monitoring and differential negative reinforcement of alternative behavior (DNRA) are two approaches that have been shown to improve the quantity of writing performance but have never been combined to determine whether they are more effective in combination than in isolation. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the differential effectiveness of self-monitoring versus self-monitoring plus DNRA for increasing the number of words and sentences written using a multiple probe design across three participants during two 10-minute sessions. For each baseline session, participants were given a story starter prompt to write as much as they could, received a short break, and then the second 10-minute session would begin. Self-monitoring indicated an increase in a number of words written and an unstable but slightly higher trend in a number of sentences written for one participant. The other two participants showed decreasing trends in both the number of words and sentences written during self-monitoring. Results of self-monitoring plus DNRA indicated an increase in a number of words and sentences written for one participant, while the other two participants showed little to no improvement. Areas for future research, limitations, and implications for practice are discussed.
电力系统中低压配电线路设计
Authors: 周 子辉
Published: June 2021

近年来，我国社会综合国力得到了显著的提升，从而为各个行业的发展壮大带来了诸多的机遇。与此同时，社会的发展以及民众的生活对于电力能源的需求在逐渐的增加，要想保证电力能源供应的稳定性，那么最为重要的就是需要重视电力系统线路设计工作，确保整个电力系统的运行稳定性。低压配电线路在整个电力系统中属于较为重要的一个部分，低压配电线路设计的效果往往都与电力系统的运行情况存在直接的关联，并且也会对电力企业运营效益造成一定的影响。所以只有充分结合各方面实际情况和需要来进行电力系统低压配电线路的设计，才可以确保电力系统持续稳定的运行，为整个电力行业的发展创造良好的基础。
水利工程中水闸施工技术与管理措施解析
Authors: 李 鹏
Published: June 2021

在社会快速发展的过程中，水利工程发挥了巨大的影响作用。在整个水利工程结构中，水闸是其中较为重要的一个部分，并且水闸结构主要划分为低压和中压液压部件，借助挡板来实现储水和排水的目的，其最为主要的作用就是对水位进行合理地调控，从而发挥出防洪抗涝的作用。这篇文章主要针对水利工程中水闸施工技术和管理工作展开全面深入的分析研究，希望能够对我国水利工程行业的未来良好发展有所帮助。
浅析水闸施工管理方法在水利施工中的应用
Authors: 郝 健 , 李 书嘉 , 束 帮文
Published: June 2021

近年来，我国综合国力在多方面利好因素的影响下得到了显著的发展，从而有效的推动了水利工程行业的发展壮大，在水利工程项目中水闸结构是其中较为重要的一个部分，并且水闸结构工程施工工作也具有较强的难度，再加上施工过程中极易受到外界多方面因素的影响，所以为了切实的保证水闸工程的施工质量那最为重要的就是需要切实的从各个细节入手来进行施工管理工作，从而保证水利工程水闸结构的根本质量，确保水闸能够满足实际使用的需要。
PERUBAHAN FORMAT MUSIKAL MACAPAT KINANTHI
Authors: Hekmawati Kartika Nur , Rusdiyantoro Rusdiyantoro
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya perubahan dan perkembangan garap musikal dari Sekar Macapat Kinanthi menjadi beberapa bentuk gendhing, baik gendhing vokal maupun bentuk gendhing gamelan. Penulis menggunakan istilah perubahan dan perkembangan garap karena pada kenyataannya Sekar Macapat Kinanthi tidak hanya dibentuk menjadi gendhing gamelan saja, akan tetapi  juga  mengalami  perkembangan  dalam  bentuk  sajian  vokal  yang  lain, seperti: sajian bawa dan palaran.Melalui analisis perbandingan sèlèh nada pada setiap baris sekar Macapat Kinanthi dengan beberapa bentuk gendhing sasaran, maka penulis mencoba untuk mengkorelasikan kerangka balungan gendhing, lagu vokal gerongan, dan garap rebaban pada bentuk-bentuk gendhing sasaran dengan sèlèh nada dan alur lagu dari  jenis  Sekar  Macapat  Kinanthi  yang  menjadi  dasar  penciptaannya.  Oleh karena itu, pendekatan yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah pendekatan musikologis, dengan  mendasarkan pada konsep garap, balungan, bentuk,  dan struktur gendhing. Adanya penelitian ini, karena sebuah pemikiran sebagaimana yang dikemukakan oleh R. Ng. Warsapradangga, bahwa adanya suatu gendhing adalah dari sekar.
GARAP GENDERAN DALAM GENDING LAMPAH TIGA
Authors: Pambayun Wahyu Thoyyib , Aji Nanang Bayu
Published: June 2021

Gending lampah tiga composed by Harjasubrata in the 1950s. At the very beginning of its existence, lampah tiga composition focused and working on vocals, so gending lampah tiga has not been equipped with settled garap instruments. Most pengrawits find it hard to present gending lampah tiga, especially on ricikan gender, this is because the information about genderan lampah tiga is still limited. This article is entitled “Garap Genderan in Gending Lampah Tiga”, the problem  described in this article is how to present garap genderan in gending lampah tiga. The method that used to solve the problem in this article is to analyze and transcribe the presentation of gending lampah tiga, then interpreted.The writer hopes to provide an offer about how to interpret genderan in gending lampah tiga and to give a “little” contribution of thoughts for the development of karawitan science.
Tüketicilerin Çirkin (Mükemmel Olmayan) Meyve ve Sebze Tüketimine Yönelik Tutum ve Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi: Bornova İlçesi Örneği
Authors: TUNÇ Beyza , AKIN Emre , DEMİRBAŞ Nevin
Published: June 2021

Çirkin gıda şekil, boyut ve renk farklılıkları gibi kusurlar nedeniyle standart dışı olan meyve ve sebzeleri kapsamaktadır. Tüketicilerin bu ürünlere yönelik tutum ve davranışları ürün kayıpları açısından tüm dünyada önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı İzmir ili Bornova İlçesi’nde tüketicilerin çirkin meyve ve sebze tüketme eğilimleri ile bu ürünlerin tüketimine ilişkin tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemektir. Araştırma verileri 110 tüketici ile yüz yüze görüşülerek yapılan anketlerden elde edilmiştir. Satın alma eğilimini etkileyen tüketici tutum ve davranışlarının belirlenmesinde Beşli Likert Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre çirkin meyve sebze satın alma eğilimini etkileyen en önemli faktörün fiyat olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu ürünlerin fiyatlarının standart görünümlü ürünlerin fiyatlarından daha ucuz olmasının tüketim eğilimini arttırması beklenen en önemli unsur olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, çirkin (mükemmel olmayan) meyve ve sebzeler, perakende satış yerlerinde ayrı tezgahlarda ve daha düşük fiyatlarla satılabilir.
Методичні принципи віднесення відходів до певної класифікаційної категорії щодо небезпеки
Authors: Повякель ЛІ , Васецька ОП , Петрашенко ГІ , Бобильова ОО , Кривенчук ВЄ , Зубко ОС
Published: June 2021

Мета. Обґрунтувати підходи з'ясування проблеми оцінки негативного впливу відходів на здоров'я населення та навколишнє середовище, який виникає з моменту утворення і на всіх етапах поводження з відходами.

Матеріали та методи. Одним з пріоритетних напрямків наближення до вимог Європейського Союзу при поводженні з відходами є гармонізація сучасного українського законодавства до європейських стандартів, адаптація положень нормативно-правових актів, у тому числі класифікація відходів за ступенем небезпеки. У статті проводиться порівняльний аналіз законодавчої бази з оцінки небезпеки відходів, існуючої в даний час в Україні, з рекомендаціями ВООЗ та Директивами ЄС. Обґрунтовані і рекомендовані для впровадження методичні принципи віднесення відходів до певної класифікаційної категорії за небезпекою.

Результати та висновки. Науково обґрунтовано, що віднесення відходів до певної класифікаційної категорії за небезпекою повинно ґрунтуватися не тільки на кількісних розрахунках за хімічним складом і токсичності складових інгредієнтів, які входять до складу відходів, а й на експериментальній перевірці зразків з використанням альтернативних методів.

Ключові слова: відходи, Директиви ЄС, класифікація, біотестування, токсичність, небезпека, альтернативні методи.
Physicochemical characterisation and in vitro evaluation of modified release matrix tablets: The role of different grades of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
Authors: Petrovska Jovanovska Vesna , Pejov Ljupco , Petrovska Aleksandra , Ugarkovic Sonja , Simonoska Crcarevska Maja , Galeva Marina , Glavas Dodov Marija
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this work was to formulate prolonged release matrix tablets with water soluble opioid drug (API) using different types of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (Methocel) as controlled release polymers. Methocel K100M was incorporated as intra-granular polymer (sample 1) along with Methocel K4M (sample 2) or Methocel K15M (sample 3) as extra-granular polymers. The final blends and tablets prepared by wet granulation process were fully characterized.
Results showed that the polymer used extra-granularly significantly affects the tablet properties. By incorporation of Methocel extra granularly (samples 2 and 3), the hardness and tensile strength of the tablets increased and the total tablet porosity decreased. Sample 1, containing only Methocel K100M (intra granularly) has the lowest index of swelling and the fastest release of API probably due to the cross-linking of the polymer chains during the process of wet granulation. Also, the type of Methocel used extra-granularly (with different viscosity grade) was found to significantly affect the swelling ratio of the designed matrix systems and the drug release behavior. Sample 2 containing Methocel K4M extra-granularly has a lower index of swelling and faster release of API compared to sample 3. Considering the release mechanism, release data showed best fitting to the heuristic model proposed by Korsmeyer-Peppas. Two additional approaches were used for mathematical modeling of the release data in order to make them directly applicable for our experimental results.

Keywords: matrix tablet, water soluble opioid drug, prolonged release, HPMC (Methocel)
Correlation between the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of W-Bearing Ti-6Al-4V Alloys
Authors: Ahiale Godwin Kwame , Kye In-Seok , Kwon Young Sam , Oh Yong-Jun
Published: June 2021

W-containing Ti-6Al-4V alloys (W=0, 1, and 5 wt%) were fabricated by the powder injection molding process, and the corresponding effects of tungsten content on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the alloys were investigated. The alloy powders were sintered at 1200 °C and then hot-isostatically-pressed at 900 °C. The fabricated alloys were subjected to microstructural and chemical analyses, and tensile and nano-indentation tests. The yield strength and tensile strength proportionally increased as the W content was increased from 0 wt% to 5 wt%. Ductility was not affected by the addition of up to 5 wt% W due to its complete dissolution in the matrix. Higher W addition induced finer α/β lamellar microstructures and increased the β to α phase ratio. Moreover, the added W dissolved preferentially in the β phase by solid solution hardening, increasing the hardness of the β phase, which originally was significantly softer than the α phase. For the alloys containing up to 5 wt% W, the strengthening without ductility loss was attributed to the finer α/β lamellae and the volume increase in the β phase hardened by W. These results suggest that adding W to Ti-6Al-4V alloy is a promising method for developing Ti alloys with both high strength and toughness.
A Comparative Study of BaTiO3/PDMS Composite Film and a PVDF Nanofiber Mat for Application to Flexible Pressure Sensors
Authors: Park Donghyuck , Kim Kwanlae
Published: June 2021

Intensive research has been conducted to develop flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors, since selfpowering devices are advantageous for wearable electronic applications. Recently, two types of piezoelectric devices, ceramic-PDMS composite film and PVDF nanofiber mats, have drawn attention in the research community. Piezoelectric ceramics such as BaTiO3 (BTO) and PZT exhibit outstanding piezoelectric coefficients, while PDMS provides flexibility. In contrast, a PVDF nanofiber mat simultaneously exhibits piezoelectricity and flexibility. In the present study, a comparative analysis of BTO-PDMS composite film and a PVDF nanofiber mat for application to flexible pressure sensors was carried out. First, step-wise electric poling was conducted on these two types of pressure sensors, after which the open-circuit voltage (Voc) was measured under compressive force. The 1.8 V peak-to-peak Voc was measured in a BTO-PDMS composite with a 30 wt.% BTO content that was poled by 10 kV/mm electric field for 15 min. This peak-to-peak Voc of the BTO-PDMS composite increased further to ~ 4 V when it was poled for 24 hr. Unlike the BTO-PDMS composite films, the maximum Voc (1.1 V) was measured in a PVDF nanofiber mat that did not undergo subsequent electric poling. A BTO-PDMS composite film and a PVDF nanofiber mat were fabricated, and the compressive force and strain-rate dependencies of Voc and the short-circuit current (Isc) were investigated. Overall, the Voc and Isc of the BTO-PDMS composite film exceeded those of the PVDF nanofiber mat in a force range of 1 − 25 N and frequency range of 0.5 − 2.0 Hz. However, the Voc and Isc signals from the PVDF nanofiber mat were more stable than those from the BTO-PDMS composite film due to the longer lifetime of the signals.
An Associational Research on Turkish Children's Environmentally Responsible Behaviors, Nature Relatedness, and Motive Concerns
Authors:   Middle East Technical University, Turkey, Bahar Fatma , Sahin Elvan ,   Middle East Technical University, Turkey
Published: June 2021

Science education has changed in recent decades with respect to key issues faced in this century. These issues such as renewable energy, waste management, air quality and biodiversity require dealing with transition towards a sustainable future. Thus, to contribute to the reconceptualization of science education in a developing country, the present study aimed to assess (1) Turkish middle school students' environmentally responsible behaviors, nature relatedness, and motive concerns and (2) the power of environmental motive concerns and nature relatedness in predicting the related behaviors. Measuring tools covering the Nature Relatedness Scale, the Environmental Motive Concerns, and Children's Responsible Environmental Behavior Scale were administered to middle school students in the northern part of Turkey. The results indicated that these students reflected an external nature-related worldview. Regarding their behaviors, it was revealed that the students frequently engaged in some actions linked to physical and economic contribution to the environmental quality. However, they did not demonstrate any actions on political commitment although they were very concerned about the environmental issues. Examining the predictors of their responsible environmental behaviors, a linear combination of these attributes significantly contributed to explaining such behaviors. This study provided practical tips for science and sustainability educators in that children could be provided with some opportunities to get in touch with nature and appreciate value of being in nature.
A Systems-Based Key Innovation-Driven Approach Infers Co-option of Jaw Developmental Programs During Cancer Progression
Authors: Marquardt Stephan , Pavlopoulou Athanasia , Takan Işıl , Dhar Prabir , Pützer Brigitte M. , Logotheti Stella
Published: June 2021

Cancer acquires metastatic potential and evolves via co-opting gene regulatory networks (GRN) of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Such GRNs are encoded in the genome and frequently conserved among species. Considering that all metazoa have evolved from a common ancestor via major macroevolutionary events which shaped those GRNs and increased morphogenetic complexity, we sought to examine whether there are any key innovations that may be consistently and deterministically linked with metastatic potential across the metazoa clades. To address tumor evolution relative to organismal evolution, we revisited and retrospectively juxtaposed seminal laboratory and field cancer studies across taxa that lie on the evolutionary lineage from cnidaria to humans. We subsequently applied bioinformatics to integrate species-specific cancer phenotypes, multiomics data from up to 42 human cancer types, developmental phenotypes of knockout mice, and molecular phylogenetics. We found that the phenotypic manifestations of metastasis appear to coincide with agnatha-to-gnathostome transition. Genes indispensable for jaw development, a key innovation of gnathostomes, undergo mutations or methylation alterations, are aberrantly transcribed during tumor progression and are causatively associated with invasion and metastasis. There is a preference for deregulation of gnathostome-specific versus pre-gnathostome genes occupying hubs of the jaw development network. According to these data, we propose our systems-based model as anin silicotool the prediction of likely tumor evolutionary trajectories and therapeutic targets for metastasis prevention, on the rationale that the same genes which are essential for key innovations that catalyzed vertebrate evolution, such as jaws, are also important for tumor evolution.
Impact of Transformational and Transactional Attributes of School Principal Leadership on Teachers’ Motivation for Work
Authors: Hyseni Duraku Zamira , Hoxha Linda
Published: June 2021

The current study aims to identify the impact of transformational and transactional attributes of school principal leadership on teachers’ motivation for work.A sample of 357 Kosovar public middle school teachers was assessed using the Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers (WTMST) and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). Results revealed that transformational leadership attributes, idealised influence, and inspirational motivation predict autonomous motivation in teachers; individual consideration predicts motivation for complementary tasks; and contingent reward significantly predicts motivation for student evaluations. The present study findings can serve as a support in improving the quality of education in low- and middle-income countries.
A New Measurement Instrument for Music-Related Argumentative Competence: The MARKO Competency Test and Competency Model
Authors: Ehninger Julia , Knigge Jens , Schurig Michael , Rolle Christian
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we introduce the MARKO competency test and competency model, a new measurement instrument for music-related argumentative competence (MARKO: Musikbezogene ARgumentationsKOmpetenz; German for music-related argumentative competence). This competence, which plays an essential role in school curricula, refers to the ability to justify, and defend judgments about music. The two main goals of this study were 1) to design an assessment test for music-related argumentation that fulfills psychometric criteria and 2) to derive competency levels based on empirical data to describe the cognitive dispositions that are necessary when engaging in argumentation about music. Based on a theoretical framework, we developed a competency test to assess music-related argumentative competence. After two pretests (n= 391), we collected data from 440 students from grade nine to the university level. The final test consisted exclusively of open-ended items, which were rated with coding schemes that had been designed for each item. After ensuring inter-rater reliability, we composed an item pool that met psychometric criteria (e.g., local stochastic independence and item homogeneity) and represented content-related aspects in a meaningful way. Based on this item pool, we estimated a one-dimensional partial credit model. Following a standard-setting approach, four competency levels were derived from the empirical data. While individuals on the lowest competency level expressed their own opinions about the music by referring to salient musical attributes, participants on the highest level discussed different opinions on the music, and considered the social and cultural context of the music. The proficiency scores significantly varied between grades. Our findings empirically support some theoretical assumptions about music-related argumentation and challenge others.
Isolating the Role of Corticosterone in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Transcriptomic Stress Response
Authors: Austin Suzanne H. , Harris Rayna M. , Booth April M. , Lang Andrew S. , Farrar Victoria S. , Krause Jesse S. , Hallman Tyler A. , MacManes Matthew , Calisi Rebecca M.
Published: June 2021

Investigation of the negative impacts of stress on reproduction has largely centered around the effects of the adrenal steroid hormone, corticosterone (CORT), and its influence on a system of tissues vital for reproduction—the hypothalamus of the brain, the pituitary gland, and the gonads (the HPG axis). Research on the action of CORT on the HPG axis has predominated the stress and reproductive biology literature, potentially overshadowing other influential mediators. To gain a more complete understanding of how elevated CORT affects transcriptomic activity of the HPG axis, we experimentally examined its role in male and female rock doves (Columba livia). We exogenously administrated CORT to mimic circulating levels during the stress response, specifically 30 min of restraint stress, an experimental paradigm known to increase circulating CORT in vertebrates. We examined all changes in transcription within each level of the HPG axis as compared to both restraint-stressed birds and vehicle-injected controls. We also investigated the differential transcriptomic response to CORT and restraint-stress in each sex. We report causal and sex-specific effects of CORT on the HPG transcriptomic stress response. Restraint stress caused 1567 genes to uniquely differentially express while elevated circulating CORT was responsible for the differential expression of 304 genes. Only 108 genes in females and 8 in males differentially expressed in subjects that underwent restraint stress and those who were given exogenous CORT. In response to elevated CORT and restraint-stress, both sexes shared the differential expression of 5 genes, KCNJ5, CISH, PTGER3, CEBPD, and ZBTB16, all located in the pituitary. The known functions of these genes suggest potential influence of elevated CORT on immune function and prolactin synthesis. Gene expression unique to each sex indicated that elevated CORT affected more gene transcription in females than males (78 genes versus 3 genes, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first study to isolate the role of CORT in HPG genomic transcription during a stress response. We present an extensive and openly accessible view of the role corticosterone in the HPG transcriptomic stress response. Because the HPG system is well conserved across vertebrates, these data have the potential to inspire new therapeutic strategies for reproductive dysregulation in multiple vertebrate systems, including our own.