bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Pancreatico-duodenal Arterio-venous Malformation
Authors: marcelin clement , park Auh Whan , gilbert Patrick , bouchard louis , therasse eric , Perreault Pierre , giroux Marie france , Soulez Gilles
Published: September 2021

PurposeTo describe the interventional management and clinical outcome of pancreatico-duodenal arterio-venous malformations (PDAVMs).Material and MethodsSeven patients presenting a PDAVM (6 women, 1 male; mean age: 61) were retrospectively reviewed. Technical, clinical success and complications of embolization and surgical management of symptomatic PDAVMs were assessed. Technical success was defined as a complete occlusion of the PDAVM and clinical success as no clinical symptom or recurrence during follow-up. Patients with asymptomatic PDAVMs were followed clinically, by Doppler ultrasound and CT-angiography.ResultsMean follow-up time was 69 months (15-180). Five symptomatic patients presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (n=3), ascites (n=1), and abdominal pain (n=1). Two patients were asymptomatic. The PDAVMs were classified as follow: Yakes I (1), IIIa (2), IIIb (3) and IV (1). Five symptomatic patients were treated with 9 embolization sessions with arterial approach (onyxÒ, glue, coils) in 7 and venous approach in 2 (plugs, coils, covered stents, STS foam and onyxÒ). Technical success of embolization was 60% (3/5). Devascularization was incomplete for 2 Yakes IIIB patients. Clinical success of embolization was estimated at 80% (4/5) as one patient required additional surgery (Whipple) because of persistent bleeding. One splenic vein thrombosis was treated successfully by mechanical thrombectomy and heparin. No recurrence occurred during follow-up. No progression was documented in asymptomatic patients.ConclusionEmbolization of symptomatic PDAVMs is effective and surgery should be performed in second intention. Complete devascularization is more difficult to obtain in Yakes III PDAVM.
BAP-1 Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression via PI3K/AKT Pathway by Suppressing FOXK1 Expression
Authors: Mi Chen , Zhao Yan , Ren Li , Zhang Dan
Published: September 2021

BRCA1-Associated Protein-1 (BAP-1) gene functions as a vital mediator in tumor formation, progression, and metastasis. The involvement of BAP-1 in colon cancer has been widely reported, but the role of BAP-1 in gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the contribution of BAP-1 in the pathogenesis of GC. qPCR and Western blot assay were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of BAP-1 in GC cell lines. MTT and transwell assay were employed to determine the cell viability, migration, and invasion. Annexin V-PI double staining was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. We reported that BAP-1 was expressed at a low level in GC cell lines. Overexpression of BAP-1 inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted apoptosis in HGC-27 and AGS cells. BAP-1 inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway by suppressing Forkhead-box K1 (FOXK1) expression. Moreover, overexpression of FOXK1 reversed the effect of BAP-1 on cell viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and EMT. Our data revealed that BAP-1 inhibits cell viability, migration, invasion, and EMT process and promoted apoptosis in HGC-27 and AGS cells through PI3K/AKT pathway via suppressing FOXK1 expression. Thus, BAP-1 can serve as a potential therapeutic target in GC treatment.
Neuroergonomic Assessment of Developmental Coordination Disorder
Authors: Joshi Shawn , Weedon Benjamin , Esser Patrick , Liu Yan-Ci , Springett Daniella , Meaney Andy , Inacio Mario , Delextrat Anne , Kemp Steve , Ward Tomas , Izadi Hooshang , Dawes Helen , Ayaz Hasan
Published: September 2021

Until recently, neural assessments of gross motor coordination could not reliably handle active tasks, particularly in realistic environments, and offered a narrow understanding of motor-cognition. By applying a comprehensive neuroergonomic approach using optical mobile neuroimaging, we demonstrated the broader capability for ecologically relevant neural evaluations for the “difficult-to-diagnose” Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), a motor-learning deficit affecting 5-6% of children with lifelong complications. We confirmed that DCD is not an intellectual, but a motor-cognitive disability, as gross motor /complex tasks revealed neuro-hemodynamic deficits and dysfunction within the right middle and superior frontal gyri of the Prefrontal Cortex. Furthermore, by incorporating behavioral performance, aberrant patterns of neural efficiency in these regions were revealed in DCD children, specifically during motor tasks. Lastly, we provide a framework, evaluating disorder impact in real-world contexts to identify those for whom interventional approaches are most needed and open the door for precision therapies.
Effect of Maternal Positioning During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses
Authors: Enomoto Naosuke , Yamashita Tomoyuki , Furuta Marie , Tanaka Hiroaki , Ng Edomond , Matsunaga Shigetaka , Sakurai Atsushi
Published: September 2021

Background: Although rare, cardiac arrest during pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal death. Recently, its incidence has been increasing worldwide because more pregnant women have risk factors. The provision of early, high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plays a major role in the increased likelihood of survival; therefore, clinicians should be familiar with its management. Due to the aortocaval compression caused by the gravid uterus, clinical guidelines often emphasise the importance of maternal positioning during CPR, but there has been little evidence regarding which position is most effective.Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, and OpenGrey (updated on April 3, 2021). We included clinical trials and observational studies with reported outcomes related to successful resuscitations. Results: We included eight studies out of the 1,490 screened. All of these were simulation-based cross-over randomised controlled trials examining the quality of chest compressions. No data were available about the survival rates of mothers or fetuses/neonates. Meta-analyses indicated that resuscitation of pregnant women in the 27°–30° left-lateral tilt position lowered the quality of chest compressions, and the rates of correct compression depth and correct hand position decreased by 17% and 9%, respectively when compared with resuscitation in the supine position. Inexperienced clinicians faced difficulties in performing chest compressions in the left-lateral tilt position. Conclusions: Given that manual left uterine displacement allows the patient to remain supine, the resuscitation of women in the supine position using manual left uterine displacement should continue to be supported. Further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps regarding the effects of maternal positioning on clinical outcomes, such as survival rates following maternal cardiac arrest.
Optimization of Fuzzy c-means (FCM) Clustering in Cytology Image Segmentation Using the Gray Wolf Algorithm
Authors: Mohammdian-khoshnoud Maryam , Soltanian Ali Reza , Dehghan Arash , Farhadian Maryam
Published: September 2021

Background: Image segmentation is considered an important step in image processing. Fuzzy c-means clustering is one of the common methods of image segmentation. However, this method suffers from drawbacks, such as sensitivity to initial values, entrapment in local optima, and the inability to distinguish objects with similar color intensity. This paper proposes the hybrid Fuzzy c-means clustering and Gray wolf optimization for image segmentation to overcome the shortcomings of fuzzy c-means clustering. The Gray wolf optimizationhas a high exploration capability in finding the best solution to the problem, which prevents the entrapment of the algorithm in local optima. In this study, breast cytology images were used to validate the methods, and the results of the proposed method were compared to those of c-means clustering.Results: FCMGWO has performed better than FCM in separating the nucleus from the other dark objects in the cell. The clustering was validated using Vpc, Vpe, Davies-Bouldin, and Calinski Harabasz criteria. The FCM and FCMGWO methods have a significant difference with respect to the Vpc and Vpe indices. However, there is no significant difference between the performances of the two clustering methods with respect to the Calinski-Harabasz and Davies-Bouldinindices. The results indicate the better efficacy of the proposed method.Conclusions: The hybridFCMGWO algorithm distinguishes the cells better in images with less detail than in images with high detail. However, FCM exhibits unacceptable performance in both low- and high-detail images.
Intraparenchymal Breast Leiomyoma and Atypical Leiomyoma
Authors: Long Mengping , Hu Xuejiao Lina , Zhao Guiyang , Liu Yiqiang , Hu Taobo
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Intraparenchymal breast leiomyoma is a rare lesion of breast. The diagnostic criteria to differentiate benign and borderline breast leiomyoma was not yet clear. No atypical leiomyoma of breast parenchyma has been reported.
Case series presentation:
We described one case of leiomyoma and one case of bilateral atypical leiomyoma in breast parenchyma. The morphological features that lead to the diagnosis of atypical leiomyoma include invasive growth pattern, mild nuclear atypia and mitotic figures up to 3mitoses/10HPF.
Conclusion
Due to the limited experience, cases presented as atypical intraparenchymal breast leiomyoma should be closely followed.
Hidden quasi-symmetries stabilize non-trivial quantum oscillations in CoSi
Authors: Guo Chunyu , Hu Lunhui , Putzke Carsten , Diaz Jonas , Huang Xiangwei , Manna Kaustuv , Fan Feng-Ren , Shekhar Chandra , Sun Yan , Felser Claudia , Liu Chao-Xing , Bernevig Bogdan , Moll Philip
Published: September 2021

Unlocking the exotic properties promised to occur in topologically non-trivial semi-metals currently requires significant fine-tuning. Crystalline symmetry restricts the location of topological defects to isolated points (0D) or lines (1D), as formalized by the Wigner-Von Neumann theorem. The scarcity of materials in which these anomalies occur at the chemical potential is a major obstacle towards their applications. Here we show how non-crystalline quasi-symmetries stabilize near-degeneracies of bands over extended regions in energy and in the Brillouin zone. Specifically, a quasi-symmetry is an exact symmetry of a k∙p Hamiltonian to lower-order that is broken by higher-order terms. Hence quasi-symmetric points are gapped, yet the gap is parametrically small and therefore does not influence the physical properties of the system. We demonstrate that in the eV-bandwidth semi-metal CoSi an internal quasi-symmetry stabilizes gaps in the 1-2 meV range over a large near-degenerate plane (2D). This quasi-symmetry is key to explaining the surprising simplicity of the experimentally observed quantum oscillations of four interpenetrating Fermi surfaces around the R-point. Untethered from the limitations of crystalline symmetry, quasi-symmetries eliminate the need for fine-tuning as they enforce sources of large Berry curvature to occur at the chemical potential, and thereby lead to new Wigner-Von Neumann classifications of solids. Quasi-symmetries arise from a comparable splitting of degenerate states by spin-orbit coupling and by orbital dispersion - suggesting a hidden classification framework for symmetry groups and materials in which quasi-symmetries are critical to understand the low-energy physics.
Preanesthetic Ultrasonography Assessment of Inferior Vena Cava Diameter in the Supine Position, Left Lateral Tilt Position, and with the Left Uterine Displacement Maneuver in Full-Term Pregnant Women: A Randomized Cross-Over Design Study
Authors: Furuya Tomonori , Hirose Noriya , Sato Hanae , Niikura Risa , Kijima Miho , Suzuki Takahiro
Published: September 2021

BackgroundWe used preanesthetic ultrasonography evaluation to study the effectiveness of left lateral tilt position (LLT) and the left uterine displacement maneuver (LUD) on increasing inferior vena cava diameter (IVCD) in healthy full-term pregnant women, using a randomized, single blinded, cross-over design study.MethodsTwenty-two parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were recruited. All patients were sequentially placed in the supine position (SPN), LLT and with LUD before induction of spinal anesthesia. Indices of IVCD, measured by subxiphoid ultrasonography, including maximum IVCD (IVCDmax), minimum IVCD (IVCDmin) and collapsibility index (CI), and hemodynamic parameters, such as heart rate and blood pressure, were recorded in each of the postures. Mean or median values of all measurements were compared among the postures.ResultsThe mean values of IVCDmax observed with both LLT and LUD were significantly larger than those in the SPN, respectively (SPN vs. LLT: P <0.05, SPN vs. LUD: P <0.01), although there were no significant differences between IVCDmax with LLT and LUD. There were no significant differences in IVCDmin, CI and hemodynamic parameters between any of the postures. IVCDmax was highest with LUD in 11 patients (55%), in the LLT position in seven patients (35%) and in the SPN in two patients (10%).ConclusionsLLT and LUD might be equally effective in enlarging the narrowed IVCD as compared to SPN. However, both LLT and LUD might not necessarily be appropriate treatment to relieve IVC compression in some cases.Trial registrationThis study was registered in the “UMIN Clinical Trials Registry” (ID no.: 000024344, date. 10th October 2016).
Functional Divergence of AP1 And FUL Genes Related To Flowering Regulation In Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , Ren Zhongying , Hu Genhai , Wei Hengling , Fan Shuli , Ma Qifeng
Published: September 2021

The AP1/FUL transcription factors are important for floral development, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we cloned and identified two AP1/FUL-like genes, GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2, in upland cotton, which is a commonly cultivated economically valuable crop. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses indicated GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2, which are encoded by genes in the AP1/FUL clade, have conserved N-terminals, but diverse C-terminal domains. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2 were expressed in the flower and root, and had the opposite expression patterns during different shoot apical meristem stages. The upregulated expression of GhAP1.1 in Arabidopsis and the silencing of GhAP1.1 did not induce significant changes to the flowering time or floral organs, but the transcript levels of the florigen FT gene and the AP1 homolog GhMADS42 increased. The overexpression of GhFUL2 in Arabidopsis delayed flowering and promoted bolting by decreasing the FT and LFY expression levels. Silencing GhFUL2 in cotton dramatically increased the expression of GhFT and GhMADS42 and promoted flowering. Additionally, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays indicated that GhAP1.1 can interact with the SVP homolog GhSVP2.2, whereas GhFUL2 can form heterodimers with GhSEP3/GhSEP4 homologs, and GhSVP2.2. Therefore, we proved that the functional divergence of GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2, which involved changes in sequences and expression patterns, influenced the regulation of cotton flower development and plant architecture.
Sunset Without AIDS:Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Trial of A Brief Video-Based Intervention To Improve The Ability of AIDS Prevention In Elderly Men.
Authors: Ren Jianlan , Li Mei , Luo Yue , Wang Ying , Chen Yanhua
Published: September 2021

Background: Although progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of AIDS in China, there are still a considerable number of new infections annually, especially in older men. AIDS health education for older men face a major challenge. Evidence-based, acceptable and scalable interventions are urgently needed to increase their capacity to prevent HIV. We describe a trial protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief video-based intervention targeting older men's ability of AIDS prevention.Design: This study is a randomized controlled trial.The trial will be held in the residents' activity centers of three communities.Methods: A total of 450 older men will be randomly divided into three groups (Sunset Without AIDS intervention group and two control groups) for two weeks. We will assess the feasibility and acceptability of intervention through interviews. The outcomes include changes in participants' knowledge, stigma attitude, risk behaviors attitude and risk behaviors related to AIDS after two weeks and one, three, six months of intervention.Discussion: Sunset Without AIDS may be an innovative way to helpolder men improve AIDS prevention capabilities, fill the gap in video-based AIDS prevention education for the older men in China, and gain experience of AIDS education. This project will innovate the AIDS education ideas of older men and enrich the theoretical research content of AIDS related education of older men.The findings may also provide the basis for the research and formulation of more reasonable AIDS education strategies and prevention and control policies for the elderly.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100045708(data assigned:23 April 2021,http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx).
Study On Setting Method of Flatness Target Curve of SUNDWIG 20-High Mill Considering Target Crown
Authors: Sun Jianliang , Yan Mingze , Li Mingyuan , Hao Tongtong
Published: September 2021

The flatness target curve is important in the flatness control theory. The accuracy of flatness target curve is an important factor to determine the load of flatness control means and flatness quality. Aiming at the defect that crown of each pass after rolling cannot be controlled quantitatively in the traditional target curve formulation of cold rolling, a new method considering the target crown was proposed. Specifically, the target crown of each pass can be set by combining the total proportional crown change in hot rolling field to each pass and the instability discrimination model in cold rolling field. the total proportional crown change of incoming material and finished product is allocated to each pass, and the instability discrimination model is applied to ensure the stability of the plate. The purpose of new method is to control of the crown of each pass quantitatively, so that the flatness and thickness of plate can meet the production requirements. Taking SUNDWIG 20-high mill and typical rolling products as an example, the simulation results show that, on the basis of ensuring the flatness and obtaining the minimum available crown after rolling, the model can make the flatness and crown meet the production requirements at the same time and control the crown of each pass after rolling quantitatively by setting the target crown of each pass.
Sustainable Healthcare In Medical Education: The Student Perspective
Authors: Gupta Dhruv , Shantharam Lahvanya , MacDonald Bridget Kathryn
Published: September 2021

Background:It is now a General Medical Council requirement to incorporate sustainable healthcare teaching (SHT) into medical curricula. To date, research has focussed on the perspective of educators and which sustainable healthcare topics to include in teaching. However, to our knowledge, no previous study has investigated the perspective of both undergraduate and postgraduate medical students in the UK regarding current and future incorporation of SHT in medical education.Methods:A questionnaire was circulated to clinical year medical students and students intercalating after completing at least one clinical year in a London University. The anonymous questionnaire consisted of sections on the environmental impact, current teaching and future teaching of SHT.Results:163 students completed the questionnaire. 93% of participants believed that climate change is a concern in current society, and only 1.8% thought they have been formally taught what sustainable healthcare is. No participants strongly agreed, and only 5 participants (3.1%) agreed, that they would feel confident in answering exam questions on this topic, with 89% agreeing that more SHT is needed. 60% believe that future teaching should be incorporated in both preclinical and clinical years, with 31% of participants preferring online modules as the method of teaching.Conclusion: Our novel study has stressed the lack of current sustainable healthcare teaching in the medical curriculum. From a student perspective, using online modules throughout medical school presents an attractive method of incorporating sustainable healthcare teaching in the future.
Human-to-dog Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Lota Variant: Should COVID-19 Patients Avoid Close Contact with their Pets During Illness?
Authors: Rivero Ricardo , Garay Evelin , Botero Yesica , Serrano-Coll Hector , Gastelbondo Bertha , Muñoz Marina , Ballesteros Nathalia , Castañeda Sergio , Patiño Luz , Ramirez Juan David , Calderon Alfonso , Guzman Camilo , Martinez-Bravo Caty , Aleman Ader , Arrieta German , Mattar Salim
Published: September 2021

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, has been proven to have a broad range of host species, including non-human primates, as well as domestic animals and pets. A high conservation degree in the structure of the ACE2 receptor, which is the critical protein for viral infection among vertebrate species, could lead to anthroponotic events. The present paper reports the first symptomatic human-to-dog transmission event of the SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant in Latin America. We found a total of 21 mutations shared across the complete genomes of owner and dog viral sequences. Further phylogenetic and molecular analysis showed a 100% support of clade co-localization supporting the transmission event. Spike protein structure prediction of sequenced virus and docking analyses showed that E484K mutation in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) could enhance viral affinity towards dACE2. Therefore, close contact should be avoided between humans infected with SARS-CoV-2 and pets to avoid the appearance of novel mutations of importance in public health from anthroponotic events.
Rate-dependent Asymmetric Hysteresis Modeling and Robust Adaptive Trajectory Tracking for Piezoelectric Micropositioning Stages
Authors: Nie Linlin , Luo Yiling , Gao Wei , Zhou Miaolei
Published: September 2021

Hysteresis is an inherent characteristic of piezoelectric materials that can be determined by not only the historical input but also the input signal frequency. Hysteresis severely degrades the positioning precision of piezoelectric micropositioning stages. In this study, the hysteresis characteristics and the excitation frequency effects on the hysteresis behaviors of the piezoelectric micropositioning stage are investigated. Accordingly, a rate-dependent asymmetric hysteresis Prandtl-Ishlinskii (RDAPI) model is developed by introducing a dynamic envelope function into the play operators of the Prandtl-Ishlinskii (PI) model. The RDAPI model uses a relatively simple analytical structure with fewer parameters then other modified PI model to characterize the rate-dependent and asymmetric hysteresis behavior in piezoelectric micropositioning stages. Considering practical situations with the uncertainties and external disturbances associated with the piezoelectric micropositioning stages, the system dynamics are described using a second-order differential equation. On this basis, a corresponding adaptive robust control method that does not involve the construction of a complex hysteretic inverse model is developed. The Lyapunov analysis method proves the stability of the entire closed-loop control system. Experiments confirm that the proposed RDAPI model achieves a significantly improved accuracy compared with the PI model. Furthermore, compared with the inverse RDAPI model-based feedforward compensation and the inverse RDAPI model-based proportional-integral-derivative control methods, the proposed robust adaptive control strategy exhibits improved tracking performance.
Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation inside Giant Vesicles Drives Shape Deformations and Induces Lipid Membrane Phase Separation
Authors: Su Wan-Chih , Gettel Douglas , Rowland Andrew , Keating Christine , Parikh Atul
Published: September 2021

An astounding variety of cellular contexts converge to the process of liquid-liquid phase separation for the creation of new functional levels of organization. But the kinetic pathways by which intracellular phase separation proceeds – typically in physically confined and macromolecularly crowded volumes of topologically closed cellular and intracellular compartments –remain incompletely understood. Here, we monitor the dynamics of liquid-liquid phase separation of mixtures of phase-separating polymers (i.e., polyethyleneglycol and dextran) inside all-synthetic, cell-sized giant unilamellar vesicles in real-time. We dynamically trigger phase separation by subjecting an initially homogeneous polymer solution inside vesicles to an abrupt osmotic quench. The latter removes water and elevates polymer concentrations in the phase-coexistence regime thereby initiating a segregative phase separation of the polymers. We find that the ensuing relaxation – en route to the new equilibrium – is non-trivially modulated by a dynamic interplay between the coarsening of the evolving droplet phase and the interactive membrane boundary. The early trajectory of droplet coarsening exhibit significant acceleration, but a competing process of membrane-droplet interactions – one in which the membrane boundary is preferentially wetted by one of the incipient phases – dynamically arrests the progression and deforms the membrane. As a result, a novel multi-bud morphology, reminiscent of cellular blebs, decorate the vesicle surface. Furthermore, when the vesicles are composed of phase-separating mixtures of common lipids, the three-dimensional liquid-liquid phase separation within the vesicular interior becomes coupled to the membrane’s compositional degrees of freedom producing microphase-separated membrane textures. This coupling of bulk and surface phase separation processes suggests a new physical principle by which liquid-liquid phase separation inside living cells might be dynamically regulated and materially communicated inside-out to the cellular boundaries.
A Combined Behavioural Economics- and Simulation-based Medical Education to Promote Effectiveness among Medical Residents in Coping with Workplace Violence in Northern China: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Liu Chao , Liu Weijing , Jiao Mingli , Li Ye , Zhang Gangyu , Wei Lifeng , Zhou Shuang , Li Yuanheng , Sha Zhuowa , Hao Yanhua , Wu Qunhong
Published: September 2021

Background: Workplace violence is internationally recognized as a major concern for the workforce, which entails serious consequences, and research shows that medical residents are more likely than other doctors to experience violence in the workplace. This study examines the effectiveness of simulation-based medical education on the one hand, and simulation-based medical education combined with behavioural economics on the other as interventions in medical residents' perception of, attitude toward, and self-efficacy in coping with violence in the workplace. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used, 190 participants having been randomised into three study groups to respectively test the effect of simulation-based medical education only and simulation-based medical education plus with behavioural economics interventions, compared with a control group. Data were obtained from structured questionnaires, including (1) a perception of aggression scale, a management of aggression and violence attitude scale, a general self-efficacy scale, and (2) sociodemographic characteristics. Results: The results show that the scores attained by simulation-based medical education (SBME) and simulation-based medical education combined with behavioural economics (SBME+BE) interventions for perception, attitude, and self-efficacy were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < .01). The SBME+BE group recorded a higher improvement in perception, which could be ascribed to the behavioural economics effect. In addition, the higher perception of workplace violence is correlated with single residents and those with more work experience, prior experiences of violence in the workplace, and training related to workplace violence. A higher positive correlation of workplace violence was recorded by female and widowed residents; and a higher level of self-efficacy related to violence in the workplace correlated with male, widowed and senior (third-year) residents. Conclusions: This study contributes important evidence regarding changes in the perception, attitude, and self-efficacy of subjects following both the SBME+BE and SBME interventions among medical residents in coping with workplace violence, the highest perception change having been recorded after the SBME+BE intervention, which can be explained by the inclusion of behavioural economics.
Immunophenotype in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xiong Xiao-feng , Zhu Min , Wu Hong-xia , Fan Li-li , Cheng De-yun
Published: September 2021

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease, and the immune inflammatory response is thought to play an important role in pathogenesis. However, the immunophenotype of patients with COPD is unknown. Herein, we evaluated the immunophenotype of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in West China Hospital from September 2018 to October 2019. The proportion of CD4+ T lymphocyte subtypes (Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg) and the levels of serum cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with AECOPD, stable COPD (SCOPD), and healthy controls (HCs) were evaluated.Results: A total of 34 HCs, 53 patients with SCOPD, and 75 patients with AECOPD were included. Compared with patients with SCOPD, Th1 cells, Th17 cells, Treg cell ratio, Th1/Th2 cell ratio, and the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were significantly increased in patients with AECOPD (P < 0.001), while the proportion of Th2 cells was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). The proportion of Th17 cells was positively correlated with COPD Assessment Test score (r = 0.243, P = 0.006), modified Medical Research Council dyspnea score (r = 0.326, P < 0.0001), and Th1 cell ratio (r = 0.353, P < 0.0001), and negatively correlated with the forced vital capacity (r = -0.308，P = 0.014) and proportion of Th2 cells (r = -0.653, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: The immunophenotype of patients with AECOPD shows abnormal activation of Th1, Th17 and Treg cells. There is a correlation between the proportion of Th17 cells and the severity of COPD; therefore, this may represent a novel index for the evaluation of COPD severity.Trial registration: China Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR1800018452, registered 19 September 2018, https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.
Gross and Histopathological Lesion Induced on the Gills Ofbarbus Fish by Monogenea Trematods Habiteting in Western Part of Lake Tana, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Workeale Abiyot , melkamu samrawit
Published: September 2021

Back ground: Gill parasitic is common on cultured and wild fish. Many of these species have long been recognized to have the potential to affect the growth, fecundity and survival of hosts.the objective of the study were to determine the prevalence and identify, gross and histopathological lesion of gills caused by Dactylogyrus and Gryodactylus spp. parasitic infection on naturally infected barbus fish.Result: A cross sectional study was conducted from in Lake Tana, amhara region. Three hundred eight four gill specimens were collected from barbus fish and of these, 22 (5.7%) of fish were infected with monogenean parasites. Higher prevalence of Dactylogyrus spp. (4.86%) was recorded than Gryodactylus sp (1.04). Large size fishes (≥ 20cm) were more susceptible to Dactylogyrus spp and Gryodactylus spp. However, highest prevalence of Dactylogyrus sp. was found in large fish size (6.85%). Gryodactylus sp. was not recorded in all small size fish. Descriptive statistics such as percentages was used to describe the nature and the characteristics of the disease. At gross examination of gills, hyperaemia and swollen, excess mucus secretion, paleness, congestion of branchial blood vessel were observed. Gills specimens of infected fish were fixed with10% formalin, for further identification and stained with the haematoxylin-eosin. Histopathological changes included hyperplasia, congestion and mucous cell proliferation of the gill epithelium and damaged primary and secondary lamellae, the uplifting of respiratory epithelial wall and damaged pillar cells. Conclusion: Gross and histopathological changes induced by the Dactylogyrus spp and Gryodactylus spp of parasites adversely affected the proper functioning of the gills of the host fish which can lead to detrimental effect on the health status of the fish and may result in huge economic losses through increased mortality.
Risk Factors for Adverse Events Associated With Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients With Surgically Altered Anatomy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Xiaojia , Wang Fan , Liu Jing , Zhang Zhang , Cao Tingting , Fang Jun , Zhao Qiu
Published: September 2021

Introduction
: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is considered to be a challenge in patients with surgically altered anatomy. We aimed to identify the risk factors of ERCP-related adverse events in patients with surgically altered anatomy in our center.
Methods
We included patients with surgically altered anatomy who underwent ERCP between April 2017 and December 2020 at our center. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed in univariate and multivariate methods to identify the risk factors for adverse events.
Results
A total of 121 ERCP procedures were performed in 93 patients. The papilla or surgical anastomosis was successfully reached in 113 cases (93.4%). Diagnostic success was achieved in 106 cases (93.8%) and subsequent therapeutic success was achieved in 102 cases (96.2%). ERCP-related adverse events occurred in 31 cases (25.6%). In univariate analysis, not first time ERCP attempt, a CBD stone diameter ≥ 15 mm, multiple cannulation attempts, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation, endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation, endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage, biopsy in the bile duct or papilla, mechanical lithotripsy use, and stone retrieval basket were associated with ERCP-related adverse events. In multivariate analysis, multiple cannulation attempts (OR 5.283; 95% CI, 1.088–25.659; p = 0.039), endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (OR 4.381; 95% CI, 1.191–16.114; p = 0.026), and biopsy in the bile duct or papilla (OR 35.432; 95% CI, 2.693-466.104; p = 0.007) were independently associated with ERCP-related adverse events.
Conclusions
ERCP in patients with surgically altered anatomy was feasible and safe. Interventions including multiple cannulation attempts, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation, and biopsy in the bile duct or papilla were independent risk factors for ERCP-related adverse events.
S100A16 Promotes Acute Kidney Injury By Activating HRD1-Induced Ubiquitination And Degradation of GSK3β And CK1α
Authors: Sun Yifei , Fan Ya , Li Min , Wang Zheng , Su Dongming , Liu Yun , Liang Xiubin
Published: September 2021

The pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with activation of multiple signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin signaling. However, the mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in renal interstitial fibroblasts during AKI is unclear. S100 calcium binding protein A16 (S100A16), a new member of calcium binding protein S100 family, is a multi-functional signaling factor involved in various pathogenies, including tumors, glycolipid metabolism disorder, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the potential participation of S100A16 in Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation during AKI by subjecting wild-type (WT) and S100A16 knockout (S100A16+/-) mice to the ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and revealed S100A16 upregulation in this model, in which knockout of S100A16 impeded the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation and recovered the expression of downstream hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). We also found that S100A16 was highly expressed in α-SMA positive renal fibroblasts in vivo. Consistently, in rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK-49F cells), both hypoxia and S100A16 overexpression exacerbated fibroblasts apoptosis and inhibited HGF secretion; whereas S100A16 knockdown or Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor ICG-001 reversed these changes. Mechanistically, we show that S100A16 promotes Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation via the ubiquitylation and degradation of β-catenin complex members, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and casein kinase 1α (CK1α), mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligase, the HMG-CoA reductase degradation protein 1 (HRD1). Our study identified the S100A16 as a key regulator in the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in AKI.
Lévy Noise-induced Self-induced Stochastic Resonance in a Memristive Neuron
Authors: Yamakou Marius E. , Tran Tat Dat
Published: September 2021

Self-induced stochastic resonance (SISR) is a subtle resonance mechanism requiring a nontrivial scaling limit between the stochastic and the deterministic timescales of an excitable system, leading to the emergence of a limit cycle behavior which is absent without noise. All previous studies on SISR in neural systems have only considered the idealized Gaussian white noise. Moreover, these studies have ignored one electrophysiological aspect of the nerve cell: its memristive properties. In this paper, first, we show that in the excitable regime, the asymptotic matching of the mean escape timescale of an α-stable Lévy process (with value increasing as a power σ-α of the noise amplitude σ, unlike the mean escape timescale of a Gaussian process with the value increasing as in Kramers' law) and the deterministic timescale (controlled by the singular parameter) can also induce a strong SISR. In addition, it is shown that the degree of SISR induced by Lévy noise is not always higher than that of Gaussian noise. Second, we show that, for both types of noises, the two memristive properties of the neuron have opposite effects on the degree of SISR: the stronger the feedback gain parameter that controls the modulation of the membrane potential with the magnetic flux and the weaker the feedback gain parameter that controls the saturation of the magnetic flux, the higher the degree of SISR. Finally, we show that, for both types of noises, the degree of SISR in the memristive neuron is always higher than in the non-memristive neuron. Our results could find applications in designing neuromorphic circuits operating in noisy regimes.
Serum miR-148a And miR-152 Expression As Novel Noninvasive Biomarkers For Diagnosis And Prognostic Prediction of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Xie Lingling , Xie Guangfei , Shi Xiuying , Huang Hongming , Ju Shaoqing , Wang Xudong
Published: September 2021

Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) as a hematological malignancy remains mostly incurable at present. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential of serum microRNA (miRNA) as a novel biomarker for MM.Methods: This study recruited 90 MM patients and 30 healthy controls. Bone marrow samples were obtained from 12 MM patients and 6 healthy controls. The expression level of miR-148a/152 was determined by qRT-PCR. The diagnostic performance and prognostic prediction of miR-148a/152 expression were analyzed by ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier method respectively. Serum IgA, IgG, κ light chain, λ light chain and β2 microglobulin levels were detected by immunoturbidimetry. Serum LDH level was detected by lactic acid substrate method.Results: The expression levels of miR-148a and miR-152 were elevated in serum and CD138+ plasma cells of MM patients as compared with controls (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between serum miR-148a/152 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of MM patients. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that circulating miR-148a and miR-152 may prove to be a marker for diagnosis and prognostic prediction of MM.
Peer-to-peer Support: Digital Networking in Aphasia to Improve Quality of Life (PeerPAL) - Study Protocol for App Development and Evaluation
Authors: Kurfess Christina , Corsten Sabine , Knieriemen Marie , Kreiter Daniel , Lauer Norina
Published: September 2021

Background: People with aphasia (PWA) often have a reduced quality of life. Nevertheless, there are currently only a few specific services that respond to this problem. Hence, there is a pressing need for action to improve participation and well-being of people with aphasia. An adapted social network could be a solution. Well-being could be increased by exchanging experiences with peers in a similar situation. Moreover, comprehensive digital coverage would also be possible in rural and underserved areas. This digital social network should be adapted to the specific needs of PWA. Therefore, a participatory, agile process with the involvement of the target group should be adopted.Aim: The aim is to develop and evaluate a social media platform as a smartphone app to support the social integration of PWA and to improve their quality of life. In addition to the digital exchange, face-to-face meetings between PWA should be stimulated.Design: The study will be conducted in a randomised pretest-posttest control group design with follow-up testing. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental intervention (36 participants) or the control intervention (36 participants). The primary outcome is quality of life, measured with the SAQOL-39. At all measurement times, psychological well-being is recorded with the help of two measuring instruments (GHQ-12 & DISCs). The secondary outcome is the recording of social contacts and activities as well as associated emotions, registered in a structured diary. In addition, communication skills (measured with the CPIB) and social support (recorded with the F-SozU) will be examined. Method: During the first project phase, a user-centred, agile development process will be adopted to design the app. The target group will be involved in the app development in a participatory manner. A workshop is planned for the users of the app. In the second phase, the usability and user-friendliness of the app will first be evaluated in a feasibility study. Subsequently, in the main study, the app will then be tested by the target group for 4 months.Discussion: The app developed in the research project is the first social network that is tailored to the needs and capabilities of PWA. It aims to enable better exchange between PWA to improve social participation and quality of life.
Inhalation of Salvianolic acid B Prevents Fine Particulate Matter-Induced Acute Airway Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Downregulating the LTR4/MyD88/NLRP3 Pathway
Authors: Li Liucheng , Kan Liandi , Xie Qiangmin
Published: September 2021

Background: Air pollution is a serious threat to human health. Inhaled fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can cause inflammation and oxidation in the airway; however, the mechanisms responsible for this effect have yet to be elucidated and there are no specific drugs that can prevent and treat this condition. In the present study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms underlying the inhalation of salvianolic acid B (SalB) on PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and oxidation.Methods: We used a PM2.5-induced mouse model of airway inflammation and oxidation, along with a human epithelial cell model, to study the action and mechanisms of SalB by histopathology, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Results: SalB treatment markedly inhibited the PM2.5-induced increase in the number of neutrophils and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, improved the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue, and reduced injury in the alveolar septum. Furthermore, SalB reduced the mRNA and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, keratinocyte (KC), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in lung tissues, and the protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6 and TGF-β1 in human epithelial cells. SalB treatment also significantly reversed the reduction of levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in lung tissue and reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species in human epithelial cells induced by PM2.5. Furthermore, SalB and the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) inhibitor ST2825, inhibited the expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MyD88, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF-6), and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), as well as the phosphorylation of downstream signals extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and P38 MAP kinase (P38) in lung tissue and epithelial cells.Conclusion: SalB protects against PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and oxidation in a manner that is associated with the inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/TRAF-6/NLRP3 pathway and downstream signals ERK1/2 and P38.
CD8-positive Indolent T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Case Report and Literature Review.
Authors: Li Meng , Weng Chun-Yan , Ye Cheng , Fan Yi-Hong , Lu Bin , Zhang Chun-Li
Published: September 2021

Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (ITLPD-GI), a primary tumor forming in the GI tract, represents a rarely diagnosed clonal T-cell disease with a protracted clinical course. This report presents a 45-year-old male patient with a 6-year history of anal fistula and a more than 10-year history of recurrent diarrhea, who was not rightly diagnosed until the occurrence of complications such as intestinal perforation. Postsurgical histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of CD8+ ITLPD-GI, with a combination of hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and TCRβ/γ clonal gene rearrangement. Individuals with this scarce lymphoma frequently show non-specific symptoms, which are hardly recognized. So far, indolent CD8+ ITLPD-GI has not been comprehensively examined. The current mini-review focused on available reports evaluating indolent CD8+ ITLPD-GI cases, discussing future directions for improved differential diagnosis, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and therapeutic target identification.