bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unbalanced Regulation of α7 nAChRs by Ly6h and NACHO Contributes to Neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Wu Meilin , Liu Clifford Z. , Barrall Erika A. , Rissman Robert A. , Joiner William J.
Published: August 2021

α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely expressed in the brain where they promote fast cholinergic synaptic transmission and serve important neuromodulatory functions. However, their high permeability to Ca2+also predisposes them to contribute to disease states. Here, using transfected HEK-tsa cells and primary cultured hippocampal neurons from male and female rats, we demonstrate that two proteins called Ly6h and NACHO compete for access to α7 subunits, operating together but in opposition to maintain α7 assembly and activity within a narrow range that is optimal for neuronal function and viability. Using mixed gender human temporal cortex and cultured hippocampal neurons from rats we further show that this balance is perturbed during Alzheimer's disease (AD) because of amyloid β (Aβ)-driven reduction in Ly6h, with severe reduction leading to increased phosphorylated tau and α7-mediated neurotoxicity. Ly6h release into human CSF is also correlated with AD severity. Thus, Ly6h links cholinergic signaling, Aβ and phosphorylated tau and may serve as a novel marker for AD progression.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOne of the earliest and most persistent hypotheses regarding Alzheimer's disease (AD) attributes cognitive impairment to loss of cholinergic signaling. More recently, interest has focused on crucial roles for amyloid β (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau in Alzheimer's pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that these elements are linked by Ly6h and its counterpart, NACHO, functioning in opposition to maintain assembly of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) within the physiological range. Our data suggests that Aβ shifts the balance away from Ly6h and toward NACHO, resulting in increased assembly of Ca2+-permeable nAChRs and thus a conversion of basal cholinergic to neurotoxic signaling.
Risk Factors Associated with an Increased Risk of Deep Sternal Wound Infections in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Heart Defect Surgery
Authors: Vitartaitė Miglė , Vaičiulytė Donata , Venclovienė Jonė , Širvinskas Edmundas , Bukauskienė Rasa , Jakuška Povilas , Vimantaitė Renata
Published: August 2021

Background: Despite improvements over time with regard to morbidity, mortality, and long-term survival, deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) continues to be a major complication after open-heart surgery. This is why it is important to identify possible risk factors for postoperative development of DSWI in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and valve replacement. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for postoperative development of deep sternal wound infection in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting and heart defect surgery at the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery of the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 201 patients, who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and heart defect surgery between January 2017 and December 2018. The case group contained 45 patients, who had to be reoperated because of deep sternal wound infection, and the control group consisted of 156 randomly selected patients. For descriptive statistics, we used means, median values, ranges, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals, where appropriate. Categorical data were analyzed using the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Student T-test and Mann-Whitney used to compare numerical variables. Logistic regression model adjusting for age and gender was used to compare the risk of infection. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. SPSS 26.0 was used for calculations.
Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed that independent risk factors for sternal wound infection were high BMI (odds ratio [OR] 1.15, CI 1.06-1.24), preoperative CRP (OR 1.08, CI 1.01-1.16), long duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (OR 1.02, CI 1.01-1.03), intraoperative anemia (OR 0.97, CI 0.95-0.99), and postoperative CRP concentration (OR 1.10; CI 1.05-1.16).
Conclusions: Preoperative assessment to identify obese individuals as being at risk and techniques to minimize the duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss may help reduce postoperative deep sternal wound infections.
Fluid Balance of the Second Day Following Operation is Associated with Early Mortality and Multiorgan Failure After Pericardiectomy for Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: Huang Jing-bin , Wen Zhao-ke , Lu Wei-jun , Lu Chang-chao , Tang Xian-ming , Li Xiang-wei , Deng Xin
Published: August 2021

Background: The operative mortality of pericardiectomy still is high. This retrospective study was conducted to determine the risk factors of early mortality and multiorgan failure.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients undergoing pericardiectomy from January 2009 to June 2020 at our hospital. Pericardiectomy was performed via sternotomy. Histopathologic studies of pericardium tissue from every patient were done. All survivors were monitored to the end date of the study.
Results: Ninety-two consecutive patients undergoing pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis were included in the study. Postoperatively, central venous pressure significantly decreased, and left ventricular end diastolic dimension and left ventricular ejection fractions significantly improved. The overall mortality rate was 5.4%. The common postoperative complications include acute renal injury (27.2%), and multiorgan failure (8.7%). Analyses of risk factors showed that fluid balance of the second day following operation is associated with early mortality and multiorgan failure. In this series from Guangxi, China, characteristic histopathologic features of tuberculosis (60/92, 65.2%) of pericardium were the most common histopathologic findings, and 32 patients (32/92, 34.8%) had the histopathologic findings of chronic nonspecific inflammatory changes. The functional status of the patients improved after pericardiectomy; 6 months later postoperatively 85 survivors were in class I (85/87, 97.7%) and two were in class II (2/87, 2.3%).
Conclusions: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of constrictive pericarditis in Guangxi, China. Fluid balance of the second day following operation is associated with early mortality and multiorgan failure after pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis in our study.
Contribution of Current Comorbid Conditions to Carotid Artery Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass and Stroke Distribution in Carotid Artery Stenosis Groups
Authors: Işık Mehmet , Velioğlu Yusuf
Published: August 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to contribute to the issue of “Who should we perform Doppler ultrasonography on?” and determine the contribution of comorbid diseases to the development of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and preoperative CAS by examining comorbid diseases in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft operation (CABG) and also discussing the effect of carotid stenosis levels on postoperative stroke.
Method: Between 2011-2015, a total of 921 patients who underwent cardiac surgery retrospectively were examined. Of these, 594 CABG patients aged 60 and over who underwent preoperative carotid Doppler examination were analyzed.
Results: Sixty-five percent of patients were male, and 35% were female. The mean age was 69.3 years. Sixty-nine percent of patients were in the 0-29% stenosis group, 12.9% in the 30-49% group, 14.6% in the 50-69% group, 3% in the 70-99% group, and 0.3% in the 100% occlusion group. Peripheral artery disease (PAD), age, gender, and diabetes mellitus (DM) were found to have significant (P < 0.05) effects on the occurrence of CAS. CAS increased by 0.9% with an increase of one year in age, 10.8% with the presence of PAD, 3% with male sex, 3.8% with presence of chronic obstructive pulmonery disease (COPD), 1.9% with presence of left main coronary disease (LMCAD), and 0.9% with presence of hypertension. In the decision tree analysis, the rate of 50% and above CAS in the presence of PAH + DM and age older than 65 years was 62.5%. Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) distribution was 2.1% in the 0-29% group, 2.5% in the 30-49% group, 4.5% in the 50-69% group, and 11.1% in the 70-99% group. Postoperative CVA was not observed in 10 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CE). Postoperative CVA developed in six patients with 50% or more stenosis who did not undergo CE.
Conclusion: For the preoperative detection of CAS in patients undergoing CABG, the association of advanced age, PAD, DM, male gender, COPD, LMCAD, and hypertension risk factors should be considered. We suggest that carotid screening should be performed in those over 65 years of age and with PAD+DM. Studies with large populations are needed to observe the effects of aortic atherosclerosis load, surgical procedure, and unilateral/bilateral CAS presence on the development of stroke in patients with severe CAS and postoperative CVA.
Postoperative Coronary Artery Spasm After Mitral Valve Replacement and Cox-Maze IV Procedure: A Case Report
Authors: Lang Qianlei , Li Chunyan , Qin Chaoyi , Meng Wei
Published: August 2021

Background: Few cases have been reported about coronary artery spasm after a mitral valve replacement and concomitant Cox-Maze IV procedure. We report the case of an adult male who developed right coronary artery (RCA) spasm after a mitral valve replacement with tricuspid valve repair and Cox-Maze IV procedure.
Case report: A 66-year-old male, complaining of progressive exertional shortness of breath, was diagnosed with severe mitral stenosis, moderate tricuspid regurgitation, complete right bundle branch block, and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) in our clinic. The patient underwent elective mitral valve replacement, tricuspid valve repair, and Cox-Maze IV procedure. Four hours after surgery, a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) showed progressive elevation of ST-segment in the avF and III leads and Troponin-T was over 7000 pg/mL. After one hour, Troponin-T increased to over 10000 pg/mL, and ECG still showed persisted ST-segment elevation in inferior leads. Emergent angiography was performed, and intra-coronary administration of nitroglycerin completely relieved the spasm.
Conclusion: Potential risks of coronary injury after valvular surgery and Cox-Maze IV procedure need further aggressive investigation and postoperative ischemia should prompt an emergent coronary angiography to identify the cause and apply immediate therapy.
All the Light We May Fail to See: Learning from Talking to Strangers
Authors: Tribble Curt
Published: August 2021

It’s Spring in Virginia, and the senior medical students have gotten their Match results and are sending emails and texts thanking their mentors for the guidance and help provided in this final stage of their medical school trajectories. Their gratitude, of course, has reminded me of my own appreciation for those who advised, taught, and mentored me at similar points in my own trajectory. However, those recollections have also called to mind some other less traditional and, perhaps, underappreciated ‘mentors’ that I had the great fortune to encounter and to be influenced by. These thoughts have prompted me to reflect on my appreciation for these people who, especially in retrospect, helped me become a better doctor.
Rekreasyonel erkek futbolcularda dinamik germe ve miyofasyal gevşetmenin alt ekstremite sıcaklığı, esneklik, denge ve çeviklik üzerine akut etkilerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: SEÇER Erhan , ÖZER KAYA Derya
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma; yalnız dinamik germe ile dinamik germe ve miyofasyal gevşetme yöntemlerinin alt ekstremite sıcaklığı,
esneklik, denge ve çeviklik üzerine akut etkilerini karşılaştırmak amacı ile gerçekleştirildi.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya 27 rekreasyonel erkek futbolcu (yaş 20,55±1,47 yıl; boy 174,70±4,42 cm; kilo 70,18±8,67 kg) dahil edildi.
Çalışmanın birinci günü ilk 14 katılımcıya yalnız dinamik germe, son 13 katılımcıya dinamik germe ve miyofasyal gevşetme;
çalışmanın ikinci günü ilk 14 katılımcıya dinamik germe ve miyofasyal gevşetme, son 13 katılımcıya ise yalnız dinamik germe
uygulandı. Her iki günde de yöntemlerden önce ve sonra katılımcıların alt ekstremite sıcaklıkları termal kamera; esneklikleri
otur-uzan; dengeleri Y denge ve çeviklikleri T testi ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Yalnız dinamik germenin alt ekstremite sıcaklığı, esneklik ve çevikliği; dinamik germe ve miyofasyal gevşetme
yöntemlerinin ise alt ekstremite sıcaklığı, esneklik, denge (anterior, postero-medial, postero-lateral) ve çevikliği artırdığı
sonucuna ulaşıldı (p<0,05). Bununla birlikte dinamik germe ve miyofasyal gevşetme yöntemlerinin; alt ekstremite sıcaklığı,
esneklik, denge ve çevikliği arttırmada yalnız dinamik germe yöntemine göre üstünlüğü olmadığı sonucuna ulaşıldı (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonucunda yalnız dinamik germenin alt ekstremite sıcaklığı, esneklik ve çevikliği; dinamik germe ve
miyofasyal gevşetme yöntemlerinin alt ekstremite sıcaklığı, esneklik, denge ve çevikliği arttırdığı sonucuna ulaşıldı. Ayrıca
dinamik germe ve miyofasyal gevşetme yöntemlerinin; alt ekstremite sıcaklığı, esneklik, denge ve çevikliği arttırmada yalnız
dinamik germeye göre üstünlüğü olmadığı görüldü. Bu sonuçların performans öncesi ısınma protokolleri sırasında dikkate
alınması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Adölesan kız basketbolcularda pilates ve geleneksel stabilizasyon egzersizlerinin etkisi
Authors: CANBOLAT Tuğba , AYTAR Aydan
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, geleneksel stabilizasyon egzersizini ve diğer bir güçlendirme ilkesi olan Pilates egzersiz prensibinin adölesan kız basketbolcular üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak idi.Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya, 12-16 yaş aralığında, Çağdaş Batı İhtisas Spor Kulübü kadın basketbol sporcuları dâhil edildi. Sosyodemografik bilgileri kaydedilerek, sporcular randomizasyonla iki gruba ayrıldı: Pilates grubu (n=8), geleneksel stabilizasyon grubu (n=8). İlk gruba Pilatesİin on temel ilkesine dikkat edilerek eğitim verildi. İkinci gruba geleneksel stabilite egzersizleri verildi. Her iki gruptaki sporculara egzersiz programı 6 hafta boyunca, haftada 3 gün 60 dakika uygulandı. Sporculardaki nöromusküler kontrol için kapalı kinetik üst zincir stabilizasyon testi uygulandı. Solunum kas güçleri değerlendirildi. Aerobik kapasite için 18m sprint test uygulandı. Psikolojik etkilenimleri için sporda zihinsel dayanıklılık envanteri kullanıldı.Bulgular: Kapalı kinetik zincir üst ekstremite stabilite testinde grup içine bakıldığında her iki grupta da anlamlı artış bulundu (p<0,05). Solunum kas gücü ölçüm parametrelerinin grup içi farklılıklarına bakıldığında her iki grupta da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunurken (p<0,05), geleneksel stabilizasyon egzersiz grubu için hacim parametresinde anlamlı bir değişiklik saptanmadı (p=0,16). Aerobik kapasite farklılıklarına bakıldığında her iki grupta da aerobik kapasitede artış tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sporda zihinsel dayanıklılık envanteri ölçüm parametrelerinin grup içi farklılıklarına bakıldığında, anlamlı bir artış bulundu (p<0,05). Değerlendirilen tüm parametrelerin grup içinde ortalama farkları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda gruplar arasında parametrelerin değişimi açısından da fark olmadığı gözlemlendi (p>0,05).Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonucunda, pilates ve geleneksel stabilizasyon egzersiz eğitimlerinin, değerlendirilen tüm parametrelerde olumlu etkileri gözlemlenmiştir. Sporculara uygulanan iki eğitimden herhangi birinin, antrenman programına dahil edilmesi, sporcunun fiziksel performansını ve zihinsel dayanıklılığını olumlu etkileyebilir.
Valores de uso y amenazas sobre los mamíferos medianos y grandes del Distrito de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
Authors: Tinoco-Sotomayor Angie Natally , Zarrate-Charry Diego , Navas-Suárez Gabriel Rodolfo , González-Maya José Fernando
Published: August 2021

Los mamíferos medianos y grandes se encuentran dentro de los grupos de especies de mayor uso por comunidades locales, a la vez que juegan un papel fundamental en los ecosistemas. En la región Caribe colombiana se han realizado algunos esfuerzos para documentar dichos usos, pero aún quedan importantes vacíos de información necesarios para su conservación. En este estudio se evaluaron los usos y la percepción local de las amenazas sobre los mamíferos medianos y grandes del Distrito de Cartagena de Indias. Entre los meses de abril y agosto del 2017 se realizaron 103 entrevistas semiestructuradas para obtener información relacionada con los diferentes usos de estas especies en ocho corregimientos y tres barrios ubicados en la periferia de la zona urbana de la ciudad. El 61 % de los entrevistados reportó usos asociados al consumo, el 11 % para venta y el 5 % como mascotas. Las dos especies más consumidas fueron el conejo (Sylvilagus sp., 55 %) y la guartinaja (Cuniculus paca, 26 %); los órdenes más utilizados como mascotas fueron Primates y Rodentia. Los entrevistados identificaron la cacería, los atropellos en las carreteras y la destrucción del hábitat como las mayores amenazas.
El encuentro con las cosas mismas. La mirada estética y la sorpresa como experiencias de acceso privilegiadas
Authors: Mena Malet Patricio Andrés
Published: August 2021

En el siguiente texto se intentará dilucidar si acaso es posible hacer la experiencia de las cosas en su momento no temático ni objetivo con los recursos que aporta la nuevafenomenología, en particular, los propios de las obras de Marion y Maldiney. Con este fin, se interrogará la fenomenalidad propia de los objetos, para luego avanzar hacia el examen de dos experiencias privilegiadas buscando dilucidar lo que significa e implica hacer el encuentro de las cosas a-temáticamente, esto es: la mirada estética y la experiencia de la sorpresa.
Insecticides and Oilseed Rape: The Case for Updating the Monitoring of Pesticide Usage
Authors: Hoar John E. N.
Published: August 2021

The moratorium on the use of neonicotinoids in 2013 and ban on all outdoor use in 2018, prompted debate about replacement insecticide sprays farmers might apply to oilseed rape. The UK Pesticide Usage Survey (PUS) reports are used to summarise insecticide use on oilseed rape from 1988
to 2018. This summary is compared with statements made and reveal diverse views about insecticide use on oilseed rape. The PUS methodology is examined and limitations identified. It is proposed that all agricultural use of pesticides should be reported online to a central database. This would
improve the monitoring of pesticide usage and assist in meeting the aim of the DEFRA National Action Plan on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides to minimise the risks and impacts to human health and the environment.
Identification of Plant Diseases: A short review
Authors: Tarafdar Tirtha
Published: August 2021

As per FAO (2000) reports, 67% of population are involved in Agriculture, and alone contributing to 34% of overall GDP. Diseases in Plants cases major losses therefore it’s quite evident that proper monitoring and disease detection is necessary for sustainability. According to
several reports, in the period 2001-2003, Global potential loss varied to about 29% in soyabean, 50% in wheat to about 80% in Cotton. This short synopsis will be acting a small referral piece of document to give an idea about the common Fungal, Viral, Bacterial diseases. This shall also be
discussing about some of the conventional techniques for disease detection in plants viz.; Microarray, PCR, ELISA etc.
Environmental Toxicant and Immune cells: A Review
Authors: Ray Aparajita , Dey Chiranjeeb
Published: August 2021

Immune system is the adaptive defense mechanism which is evolved in vertebrates to keep them from invading pathogenic microorganisms and cancer. In immune system consists of some specialized cells like: lymphocytes, neutrophils, NK cells, basophils, macrophages, eiosinophils, mast cells,
etc.Ecotoxicology is a subdisicipline of environmental toxicology concerd with studing the damaging effects of toxicants at the population and nature. Environmental toxicants are simply toxic substances in the nature. Environmental toxicant which is effect on ecosystem very badly.In
this paper we discuss that how environmental toxicant effect on immune system or immune cells.
Title- Role of herbal products in curing Vitiligo
Authors: Talukder Pratik , Majumdar Tiasha
Published: August 2021

Plants produce a wide diversity of secondary metabolites which serve them as defence compounds against herbivores, and other plants and microbes, but also as signal compounds. In general, secondary metabolites exhibit a wide array of biological and pharmacological properties. Because of this, some plants or products isolated from them have been and are still used to treat infections, health disorders or diseases. Vitiligo is a skin disorder that is caused due to oxidative stress in the body resulting in the destruction of melanocytes, which are the cells responsible for the pigmentation of the skin. On their destruction the skin gets depigmented resulting in patches of skin losing their colour. In this review we focus on how plant based herbal products help in curing vitiligo.
Revisão Sistemática sobre Trabalho, Racismo e Sofrimento Psíquico no Contexto Brasileiro
Authors: Alencar Ana Verônica de , Silva Edil Ferreira da
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo foi demonstrar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, como a literatura acadêmica tem tratado a relação entre trabalho, racismo e sofrimento psíquico para o trabalhador negro. Para isso, procedeu-se a uma busca nas bases de dados de periódicos da Capes, SciELO, PePSIC, LILACS e Index Psi, partindo dos descritores “racismo”, “trabalho”, “sofrimento psíquico” e “saúde mental”. O banco final do levantamento sistemático constou de 21 artigos, 12 empíricos e nove teóricos, publicados a partir de 1990. Realizou-se análise temática dos artigos e foram destacadas quatro categorias de análise. A análise dos dados revelou a presença de artigos com vertentes diferenciadas a partir de diversas disciplinas, como: sociologia, política, educação, psicologia, serviço social, literatura e linguística. Destes, só foram encontrados dois artigos que abordavam a relação entre racismo e sofrimento psíquico nas relações intersubjetivas de trabalho, constatando-se a presença de artigos que se referem à discriminação racial sofrida por profissionais negros na área docente. Outros artigos selecionados abordaram temas como: as dificuldades de inserção do negro no mercado de trabalho formal, os padrões distintos de rendimentos entre negros e brancos, as dificuldades de ascensão social do trabalhador negro, as categorias gênero e raça como agravante da discriminação nas relações de trabalho e as estratégias de luta para enfrentar e superar as desvantagens sociais e de trabalho. Os resultados mostram uma lacuna e um território fecundo para investigação das demandas psíquicas que circundam as relações de trabalho do indivíduo negro.
Deinstitutionalisation and ‘Home Turn’ Policies: Promoting or Hampering Social Inclusion?
Authors: Hall Christopher , Raitakari Suvi , Juhila Kirsi
Published: August 2021

By the end of the twentieth century, caring for vulnerable adults in the community had become a pervasive policy trend in the Western world. In this article, this policy is described in two phases: deinstitutionalisation and the ‘home turn’ that are reflected from the perspective of social inclusion. Deinstitutionalisation has meant large institutions and asylums being replaced by group homes and communal‐supported housing units in the community. In the second and current phase, the ‘home turn’ emphasises well‐developed community care, home‐based services, everyone’s right to have their own home, and having a valued place in the community. In this semi‐systematic narrative review, the widely shared incentives, premises, and criticisms of deinstitutionalisation and the ‘home turn’ are mapped from the research literature. The special focus is on the possibilities of and hindrances to social inclusion in both policy phases. The research results are mixed and conflicting concerning social inclusion, but there exists a wide consensus that small housing units and supported housing with devoted workers enhance social inclusion better than big institutions. However, the prevalent view is that deinstitutionalisation has not fulfilled its promise of social inclusion, and although the ‘home turn’ is a step in the right direction, there are still problems in strengthening service users’ involvement and creating inclusive and accepting communities.
A Bivariate Index Vector to Measure Departure from Quasi-symmetry for Ordinal Square Contingency Tables
Authors: Ando Shuji
Published: August 2021

This study proposes a bivariate index vector to concurrently analyze both the degree and direction of departure from the quasi-symmetry (QS) model for ordinal square contingency tables. The QS model and extended QS (EQS) models identify the symmetry and asymmetry between the probabilities of normal circulation and reverse circulation when the order exists for arbitrary three categories. The asymmetry parameter of the EQS model implies the degree of departure from the QS model; the EQS model is equivalent to the QS model when the asymmetry parameter equals to one. The structure of the EQS model differs depending on whether the asymmetry parameter approaches zero or infinity. Thus, the asymmetry parameter of the EQS model also implies the direction of departure from the QS model. The proposed bivariate index vector is constructed by combining existing and original sub-indexes that represent the degree of departure from the QS model and its direction. These sub-indexes are expressed as functions of the asymmetry parameter under the EQS model. We construct an estimator of the proposed bivariate index vector and an approximate confidence region for the proposed bivariate index vector. Using real data, we show that the proposed bivariate index vector is important to compare degrees of departure from the QS model for plural data sets.
Nonlinear dynamics and attitude control of articulated and flexible space structures
Authors:   , Baek Myung-Jin , Kwatny Harry G
Published: August 2021

The present study is concerned with the development of a unified approach to the modeling and the design of an effective feedback linearizing and stabilizing nonlinear controller for multibody flexible and articulated systems. Modeling and control system design for such systems is of current interest. The principal objectives are to investigate the attitude regulation of rigid and/or flexible articulated multibody structures and to demonstrate how interacting nonlinear behaviors of flexible and articulated systems affect the stability and robustness properties of the controlled system. A systematic method for the formulation of the equations of motion for the nonlinear dynamics of flexible and articulated systems is employed based on a unified serial chain body algorithm, and this algorithm is integrated into Poincare's form of Lagrange's equations to formulate an innovative new approach to modeling of the system. The closed form solution of partial feedback linearization is derived using simple mathematical techniques and PFL compensation is applied as a general approach for the attitude decoupling and stabilization of the system having perfect knowledge of model uncertainties. The performance of a linear stabilizer, constructed on the same decoupling principle of the PFL stabilizer, is compared to that of PFL stabilizer with respect to attitude decoupling and stabilization. In the presence of model uncertainties, parameter adaptive control method is combined with PFL to enhance stability and robustness properties. Throughout these analyses, it is shown that (1) the developed modeling procedure is an effective tool in constructing feedback linearizing control laws, (2) with the perfect knowledge of parametric uncertainties, PFL controller yields excellent performance with respect to attitude decoupling and stabilization, (3) the domain of attraction of the linear controller applied to nonlinear systems is critically small, and the boundary of stability is explained as a subcritical Hopf bifurcation, and (4) the equilibrium point of the closed-loop adaptive control system is asymptotically stable, but the domain of attraction of adaptive PFL is limited due to nonlinear effects between flexible and articulated bodies.
Risk perception and coping strategy taken by flood victims in Kuching division, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Baharin Nazibah Binti , Rahman M. Mizanur
Published: August 2021

Background: Nine per cent of the total areas of Malaysia is subjected to flood. The individual’s risk perception is one of the fundamental values in determining the subsequent behaviour, action, coping mechanism and effective strategy towards possible risk. Thus, this study aims to determine the risk perception and coping strategy among the flood victims in Kuching, Sarawak, and its factors.Methods: The 200 respondents were systematically selected from three districts in Kuching division, Sarawak. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using interviewer-administered questionnaire.Results: The analysis revealed that about three-fifths (72.5%) of the respondents were inundated last year. The most definite perceptions of risk by the flood victims were a physical health risk, followed by the capacity to mitigate flood and the perception of the social consequences. The respondents had a moderate (score of 4 to 6) to good (score of 7 to 9) level of coping strategy, which was influenced by ethnicity and level of education (p<0.05).Conclusions: Though the flood risk perception was good, it needs to go hand-in-hand with the coping measures to minimise flood impact. The planning for flood-related health programs and activities should be more community-centred by assigning villagers and the vulnerable group as committee members.
Microbiological surveillance of operation theatres, labour room and intensive care units of a tertiary care centre of South-East Assam
Authors: Bhattacharjee Barnamoy , Chanda Debadatta Dhar , Choudhury Basabdatta
Published: August 2021

Background: With increasing incidence of health care associated infections, microbiological surveillance of air and surfaces of OT, labour room and ICU can become an integral part of hospital infection control practice as it helps in identifying the areas harboring nosocomial pathogens leading to healthcare associated infection. Purpose of the current study was 1) to isolate and identify the microbial contaminants of air and surfaces of various OTs, labour room and ICUs 2) to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolated pathogens.Methods: This surveillance was carried out in operation-theatres, labour room and ICUs of tertiary care referral hospital of South-east Assam in June 2019 and processing of the samples were done in the department of Microbiology. Passive monitoring of air borne microbes was done by settle plate method on Nutrient Agar and Blood Agar plates and surfaces swabs were inoculated on Blood and MacConkey agar and pathogens were identified using biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar.Results: Surgery O.T. with 57 CFU/mm3 and central ICU with no growth showed highest and least contamination respectively. Proteus mirabilis was isolated from Surgery O.T. and SNCU level II, Klebsiella pneumonia from air and surfaces of surgery and gynaecology O.T. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from air and surfaces all O.T. except ophthalmology O.T. Surface swabs recovered Pseudomonas spp from surgery minor O.T and orthopedics O.T and Acinetobacter spp from arthroscopy O.T. The pathogenic gram-negative bacilli though isolated, were mostly sensitive to 1st and 2nd line antimicrobials. But 85% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were MRSA.Conclusions: The result of this targeted surveillance highlights the need of regular and effective antiseptic cleaning of all surfaces in these crucial areas of the hospital. The unauthorized movement, entry and overcrowding should be avoided as far as possible in these zones. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of gram negative isolates hints at their community-based origin.
Comminuted olecranon fractures: locking compression plate fixation verses conventional plate fixation
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P. , Narvekar Mrugank A. , Gadod Lalkar L. , Kumar G. S. Prasanna
Published: August 2021

Background: A variable consensus exists on the optimal management strategies for olecranon fractures. Though the mechanical properties of the conventional plates and the locking plates used show no difference, pre-contoured locking plates provide a significant advantage over non-locking plates in unstable fractures. The aim of the study was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes in the management of the comminute olecranon fractures by anatomically pre-contoured locking compression plates and the conventional plates.

Methods: The present study was a prospective study of 50 patients with comminuted olecranon fracture, with 25 patients each randomized into two groups, those that underwent fixation of the fracture using a pre-contoured locking compression plate (group LCP) and those fixed using a conventional plate (3.5 mm reconstruction plate) (group CP). Patients were followed up to 1 year with functional outcome assessed at each follow-up with Mayo elbow performance score.

Results: The mean MEPS (LCP vs CP) at 1.5 (47 vs. 43.4) and 3 (67.4 vs 61.6) months follow up showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups, but the difference was not significant at 6 (86.4 vs 85.6) and 12 (88.4 vs 87) months. The time to union (4.3 months vs 5.0 months) was not significantly different between the groups. There were 11 complications in group LCP and 12 complications in group CP.

Conclusions: In the present study, we suggest that the use of a pre-contoured locking compression plate provides better outcomes at earlier periods as compared to the conventional plate; thus, returning the patient to normal function at the earliest.
Responsibilities of Industry Actors to Environmental Conservation in Coastal Areas
Authors: Angga La Ode , Akyuwen Rory Jeff , Laturette Adonia Ivone , Daties Dyah R.A. , Tuhulele Popi , Labetubun Muchtar Anshary Hamid , Taufik Iqbal
Published: August 2021

The form of responsibility for industry players in maintaining the preservation of coastal areas in Wahai Seram Utara District, Central Maluku Regency based on Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UUPPLH), namely: Forms of state administrative legal accountability, forms of legal accountability civil and criminal legal liability forms.
CERAMICS BASED ON ORGANOSILICON POLYMERS-PRECURSORS: MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES (review). Part 1
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Shestakov A.M.
Published: August 2021

The paper considers the process of pyrolysis of polymers-precursors, and also shows the influence of various parameters of technological processes for obtaining ceramics on its composition, structure, and properties. The main types of binary, ternary and multicomponent silicon-based ceramics, methods of its preparation, features of structure and properties are considered, and promising directions of application of ceramics are determined. The possibility of obtaining porous ceramic materials (ceramic foams) with controlled porosity and ceramic composite materials with a given composition is noted.
Szanse i zagrożenia rozwoju turystyki w Sanoku
Authors: Ptaszycka-Jackowska Danuta
Published: August 2021

Na tle walorów turystycznych Sanoka oraz oceny istniejącego ruchu i zagospodarowania turystycznego miasta scharakteryzowano ofertę turystyczną i konsumentów tej oferty, a także wskazano szanse i zagrożenia rozwoju turystyki w Sanoku. Przedstawiono również miejsce turystyki w stosunku do innych funkcji miasta oraz główne kierunki działań, jakie należy podjąć na rzecz rozwoju turystyki w Sanoku.
Dinâmicas da produção científica brasileira em revistas da área de Comunicação na Web of Science
Authors: Lucas Elaine Rosangela de Oliveira , Aguado-Guadalupe Guadalupe , Herrero-Curiel Eva
Published: August 2021

Introdução: Esse artigo analisa a produção científica em Comunicação, entre 2007 e 2017, em revistas indexadas no primeiro quartil (Q1) e no segundo quartil (Q2) da base de dados Web of Science, pertencentes a autores com afiliação em instituições brasileiras. Objetivos: Determinar a evolução dessa produção científica, conhecer a afiliação institucional dos coautores, ver as temáticas abordadas, o idioma de publicação e as redes internacionais de coautoria. Metodologia: Foram identificadas as revistas de comunicação no InCities (JCR) pertencentes aos dois primeiros quartis, em seguida foi realizada uma busca por título de periódico na WoS e posteriormente o tratamento e normalização dos dados obtidos. Resultados: Observa-se um crescimento na produção científica em Comunicação, na projeção internacional, e uma tradição em coautoria com redes internacionais. No período de 2014 a 2017, tenderam a publicar principalmente em inglês, frente às colaborações usuais que vinham mantendo com países de língua espanhola até 2014. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o sistema de avaliação da Capes, quadrienal, pode ter influenciado a produção científica em Comunicação no intervalo estudado.
Decoding the Elements of Human Rights from the Verses of Ancient Vedic Literature and Dharmaśāstras
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Choudhury Sanghamitra
Published: August 2021

This manuscript aims to provide a nuanced study of the idea of rights and duties prevalent in ancient Vedic society through Vedic literature and Dharmaśāstras . This manuscript delves into the exegesis of the Védas and Dharmaśāstras to accomplish this. The archaic Vedic literature and Dharmaśāstra texts are the origin and backbone of Sanskrit literature. They have a plethora of ideas that, if accepted, could be quite useful for the protection of any person's human rights. In Védas and Dharmaśāstras, rights and duties complement each other, and rights are integrated by duties. According to these texts, rights and duties are correlated and the relationship between rights and duties leads to the core concept of dharma (constitutional laws). Dharma is a systematic Sanskrit concept that includes traditions, obligation, morals, laws, order, and justice. It was a unique concept of dharma that kept checks and balances on sovereign officials and prevented them from becoming autocratic and anarchist. It also provided the common man with a protective shield against the dictatorship of sovereign officials. Ordinary citizens had more privileges and fewer responsibilities relative to the state's highest officials. The greater the authority, the less his privileges were, and the more extensive his responsibilities became. This research is an exegetical analysis of ancient Indian Vedic and later Vedic literature and is primarily aimed at deciphering some of the essential ideas of the rights found in these texts, which are akin to contemporary human rights. It endeavours to discern and explain the tenets of human rights obnubilated in the pristine mantras of Antediluvian Vedic and Smṛti texts of India. The essay further attempts to add a much needed non-western perspective to the historiography of human rights.
A T-Cell Epitope-Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine Designed Using Human HLA Specific T Cell Epitopes Induces Sterile Immunity against Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis in Hamsters
Authors: Arya Aryandra , Arora Sunil K
Published: August 2021

Visceral Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting 12 million people annually. Even in the second decade of the 21st century, it has remained without an effective vaccine for human use. In the current study, we have designed three multiepitope vaccine candidates by the selection of multiple IFN-γ inducing MHC-I and MHC-II binder T-cell specific epitopes from 3 previously identified antigen genes of Leishmania donovani from our lab, by immune-informatic approach using IFNepiotpe, NET-MHC-1 and NET MHC-2 webservers. We have tested the protective potential of these three multiepitope proteins as vaccine in a hamster model of visceral leishmaniasis. The immunization data revealed that the vaccine candidates induced a very high level of Th-1 biased protective immune response in-vivo in a hamster model of experimental visceral Leishmaniasis, with one of the candidates inducing a sterile immunity. The vaccinated animals displayed highly activated monocyte macrophages with the capability of clearing intracellular parasites due to increased respiratory burst. Additionally, these proteins induced activation of polyfunctional T cells secreting INF-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 in ex-vivo stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, further supporting the protective nature of designed candidates.
Analysis of Local and Global Aromaticity in Si3C5 and Si4C8 Clusters. Aromatic Species Containing Planar Tetracoordinate Carbon
Authors: Torres-Vega Juan , Alcoba Diego R. , Oña Ofelia B. , Vasquez-Espinal Alejandro , Báez-Grez Rodrigo , Lain Luis , Torre Alicia , García Victor , Tiznado William
Published: August 2021

The minimum energy structures of the Si3C5 and Si4C8 clusters are planar and contain planar tetracoordinate carbons (ptCs). These species have been classified, qualitatively, as global () and local () aromatics according to the adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) method, which is an orbital localization method. This work evaluates these species' aromaticity, focusing on confirming and quantifying their global and local aromatic character. For this purpose, we use an orbital localization method based on the partitioning of the molecular space according to the topology of the electronic localization function (LOC-ELF). In addition, the magnetically induced current density is analyzed. The LOC-ELF-based analysis coincides with the AdNDP study (double aromaticity, global and local). Besides, the current density analysis detects global and local ring currents. The strength of the global and local current circuit is significant, involving 4n+2 - and -electrons, respectively. The latter implicates the Si-ptC-Si fragment, which would be related to the 3c-2e -bond detected by the orbital localization methods in this fragment.
A Learning Design to Improve Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
Authors: Dwi Rismi Ocy
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to describe the learning design aimed at improving students' higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in learning mathematics and describe the obstacles encountered in the implementation process. The research method used in this study is a literature review. Data analysis uses a descriptive method, which describes the results of the research and then draws conclusions.
Residual Water Content and Water Saturation of Bazhenov Formation Cores
Authors: Glotov Anton Vasilievich
Published: August 2021

The article presents a new method of determining the residual water content and water saturation of the Bazhenov rocks formation (unconventional reservoir), which is contingent on the synchronous thermal analysis integrated with gas FT-IR spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. The studies were executed on extensive factual core material. The combination of thermal and spectrometric methods for the identification of gases which are released during heating of core samples facilitated to analyze the dynamics of water release and proposed methods of its separation accordingly by the degrees of connectivity.
Automate Well Logging Data Interpretation with Digital Assistant
Authors: Akinshin Alexander Vadimovich , Dmitrievskiy Mikhail Vladimirovich , Kantemirov Yuliy Dmitrievich , Bobylev Kirill Dmitrievich
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, digitalization and automation are a common trend for many companies of various areas including the oil and gas production industry. Processes of initial data preliminary analysis (unification, merging, depth shifting) and petrophysical preparation for calculations (lithology differentiation, averaging, measurements calculation etc.) in the framework of geophysical well logging (GWL) data interpretation take a significant amount of time. Incorporation of automation algorithms tuned for specific sediments enables to considerably reduce labour effort what increases the time needed for the analytical part of the interpretation. The developed approach is an integrated algorithm which helps to perform preliminary preparation and interpretation of GWL data in the framework of integrated adjustable process with minimum participation of the interpreter in routine operations. The features of the virtual assistant are coded in Python.
The Use of Quantum Dot Inflow Tracers in Multi-Well Reservoir Production Surveillance and Inter-Well Diagnostics
Authors: Dulkarnaev Marat Rafailevich , Malyavko Evgeny Alexandrovich , Semyonova Ekaterina Evgenievna , Gorbokonenko Oksana Alexandrovna , Kotenev Yuri Alexeyevich , Sultanov Shamil Khanifovich , Chibisov Alexander Viacheslavovich , Chudinova Daria Yuryevna
Published: August 2021

Reservoir pressure maintenance is an extremely important factor in field development. In enhanced oil recovery water flooding projects, it is essential to optimize the flooding efficiency in a timely manner and reduce uncertainties in inter-well hydrodynamic modelling.

Usually, the inter-well space parameters are assessed using interference tests or tracer- based surveillance. These methods offer such advantages as reliable information on the flow communication in the target area and the reservoir connectivity in different zones of the field. However, the duration and cost of the described surveillance technologies pose a significant drawback, and therefore alternative physical and mathematical methods with simplified forecast models are widely spread.

This paper describes a method for integrating the results of dynamic marker-based inflow production surveillance in horizontal wells and the Spearman's rank-order correlation method. This approach is applied to provide better interventions for reservoir pressure maintenance, optimization of in-fill drilling, update existing hydro-dynamic models and reduce the level of uncertainty in decision making.