bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antecedents of Governmental Control over Quasi-governmental Organizations in South Korea
Authors:   Institute of Korean Studies, Bae Kwanpyo
Published: September 2022

Governmental control over quasi-governmental organizations is essential in a democratic regime, but it causes monitoring costs for the government and bonding costs for quasigovernmental organizations. It is therefore important to clarify what drives governmental control and to determine how to minimize it. By extending the principal-agent theory to public organizations, this study identified the antecedents of governmental control and verified their impacts on this control empirically using the database of South Korea's public institutions (gonggong gigwan). The results demonstrated that goal conflict, task difficulty, public funding, and public attention made governmental control more stringent. It can be concluded that establishing congruent goals, sharing task information, and improving financial independence are necessary to minimize governmental control.
A Study of Blood Pressure in Relation to the Light/Dark Variations of the Cardiac Hormone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and the Pineal Hormone Melatonin in Adult and Old Population
Authors: Lissoni Paolo , Bastone Antonio , Lissoni Arianna , Rovelli Franco , Di Fede Giuseppe
Published: September 2022

Several clinical studies have shown that blood pressure (BP) declines during the night in the healthy subjects, and that BP circadian rhythm tends to disappear with age. The mechanisms responsible for BP circadian rhythm and its aging-dependent loss need to be further understood. At present, it is already known that the two main hormones provided by hypotensive activity, consisting of the cardiac hormone atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and the pineal indole hormone melatonin (MLT), are mainly produced during the night, whereas hypertensive hormones, such as cortisol, are mainly produced during the early period of light phase. Then, the circadian variations of BP would be the consequence of changes in the neuroendocrine system. On this basis, a preliminary study was performed to establish which relation may exist among BP, ANP and MLT rhythms in the healthy subjects. The study included 20 65-year younger, and 20 65-year older healthy subjects. In 65-year younger subjects, both systolic and diastolic BP mean values significantly decreased during the night, whereas no significant difference occurred in the 65-older ones, because of BP values decreased in the night only in 13/20 (65) subjects. In addition, within the 65-year older group, both ANP and MLT night mean values were significantly higher in subjects with BP rhythm than in those, who had no BP daily variations. These preliminary results would suggest that age-dependent loss in the circadian rhythm of BP may be caused by the concomitant loss in the circadian secretion of at least two major hypotensive hormones, such as ANP and MLT.
Dermatitis neglecta in a patient with breast fibroadenoma: case report
Authors: Lima Aline Cristina da Silva , Farias Juliana Pontes , Pontes Renê Stéfano Costa , Torres Isabelle Souza Medeiros , Dantas Janislei Soares , Quirino Adriano de Lima , Farias Ilzinalda dos Santos Ideão , Costa Joanne Elizabeth Ferraz da
Published: September 2022

Dermatitis neglecta, a condition that results from inadequate skin cleansing, is still little reported in the literature and underreported. Although benign, it is aesthetically uncomfortable. It is associated with conditions that lead to fear of sanitizing a given region and may be related to psychiatric and neurological disorders. This observational study consisted of the case report of a patient followed up in a University Hospital in northeastern Brazil, with the objective of demonstrating the rare association between dermatitis neglecta and breast fibroadenoma. A young patient with a history of depressive disorder had crusted and hyperpigmented skin lesions covering the left breast and massive tumor in the same breast. The patient was oriented regarding the cleaning and removal of crusts, resulting in good clinical response. She underwent excision of the tumor, and the anatomopathological study was compatible with fibroadenoma. Interdisciplinary follow-up, including treatment for psychiatric disorder, was fundamental for the patient’s recovery, considering the improvement of her mood after establishing the therapy and successful final breast reconstruction. Dermatitis neglecta can resemble other types of dermatitis, in such a way that it is essential to establish a differential diagnosis to avoid unnecessary evaluation procedures, interventions, and therapies. In this exuberant case of dermatitis neglecta, the importance of comprehensive health care is emphasized.
Cover, Susunan Redaksi, Daftar Isi
Authors: Jefri Edwin
Published: September 2022

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The COVID-19 Pandemic and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications in Health: How Much Are We Interested in?
Authors: ÖZTOP M. Burak , PAKDEMİRLİ Ahu , ORBATU Dilek , ERBAYCU Ahmet Emin , ALKAN ÖZDEMİR Senem , BASOK Banu Isbilen , BİTİM Semih , DOĞAN Onur , TÜRSEL ELİİYİ Deniz , ER Orhan , HIZIROĞLU Kadir , KAZANCI Elif Güler , KOÇ Esra , ÇALIBAŞI KOÇAL Gizem , ÖNCEL Mehmet Yekta , BERKTAŞ Mustafa
Published: September 2022

Objective New viruses have emerged, causing global damage and mass deaths that can spread to international borders, the latest of which is the new coronavirus (COVID-19). After the Second International Congress on Artificial Intelligence in Health, themed "Artificial Intelligence in Health During COVID-19 Pandemic Process" organized online by İzmir Bakırçay University and İzmir Provincial Health Directorate with the contributions of the International Association of Artificial Intelligence in Health, a questionnaire was conducted to evaluate the knowledge of the participants about artificial intelligence applications.

Materials and Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the interest of the congress participants in this field with the questions which form the questionnaire such as the duration of the interest of the participants in the field of artificial intelligence in health, their publication status, the development of studies on artificial intelligence with the COVID-19 pandemic, demographic structures such as age and gender, and educational level. 130 participants answered the questionnaire consisting of 23 questions. Questionnaire responses were analyzed in a statistical setting.

Results: We found that 130 people filled out the questionnaire and the majority of the participants were female, with participation from many organizations, but university staff showed more interest. We have seen that the 30-39 age group is more interested in artificial intelligence than the other age groups, but the majority of the participants do not have academic studies in this field. We found that the technical terms related to artificial intelligence were not well known by the participants, and that the number of participants who tended to this field, especially in the recent year, was high. Another important point was that people working in this field stated that they would definitely follow up if scientific activities continued.

Conclusion: We know how important congresses, symposiums, courses and other meetings are, especially for scientist candidates, which will be held to raise awareness about the usage areas of artificial intelligence-based health technologies, to develop new communication and work networks by bringing together different disciplines, to create an agenda and to lay the groundwork for new studies, and we think that there is a need for many repetitive activities in this field and that these activities should be continued.
Design Preference Evaluation of Product for children based on Q-Method: Focused on Tableware for Chinese Children
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Ling Tang , Byun Jaehyung
Published: September 2022

Tableware is among the important necessities of daily life, and children's tableware is especially valued by the society. Under such social background, a study centered at users of children's tableware was conducted from four aspects, including health & safety, sensory experience, behavior guide, and emotional cognition. Children's tableware products were evaluated using the Q method to understand users' cognition of children's tableware products. The interviewees' views about children's tableware design in China can be divided into four types, and put forward different psychological needs for these four types, In the interviews, some interviewees suggested that the ergonomic and regional cultural differences shall all be considered during children's tableware design. Therefore, this study evaluates the design preferences of Chinese children tableware and validates the results of the paper based on the results.
A Study on Dry Weight-Based Nutritional Deviations in Rice Foods for Normalization of Food Data
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Kim Sang Cheol , Lee Woon Yong , Park Woo Pung , Yun Ki Oh , Kim Jong Rin
Published: September 2022

In Korea, where rice is the staple food, there are many cases in which the nutritional composition of food is different at the same weight, even though the same ingredients are used and the food or food name is the same. The cause is closely related to the moisture content of the food according to the cooking method and cooking process. In order to design a diet tailored to individual health and supply accurate calories and nutrients, a method of expressing food data that is not affected by the cooking process or cooking method is required. Usually, the same ingredients or foods show a lot of deviation from the nutritional components presented in the standard food database due to the difference in moisture content. For this reason, there are problems that increase the complexity of the food ingredient database and the difficulty in using it. As a method to improve these problems, we would like to propose a food data expression method based on dry weight. As an example of this, the characteristics of rice as a food material and changes in major nutritional components according to the change in moisture of various rice-processed foods made from rice were considered. In addition, as an example of how to normalize food data through this, the dry weight-based nutrition label of rice was presented.
Deep Learning for Weeds’ Growth Point Detection based on U-Net
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Arsa Dewa Made Sri , Lee Jonghoon , Won OkJae , Kim Hyongsuk
Published: September 2022

Weeds bring disadvantages to crops since they can damage them, and a clean treatment with less pollution and contamination should be developed. Artificial intelligence gives new hope to agriculture to achieve smart farming. This study delivers an automated weeds growth point detection using deep learning. This study proposes a combination of semantic graphics for generating data annotation and U-Net with pre-trained deep learning as a backbone for locating the growth point of the weeds on the given field scene. The dataset was collected from an actual field. We measured the intersection over union, f1-score, precision, and recall to evaluate our method. Moreover, Mobilenet V2 was chosen as the backbone and compared with Resnet 34. The results showed that the proposed method was accurate enough to detect the growth point and handle the brightness variation. The best performance was achieved by Mobilenet V2 as a backbone with IoU 96.81%, precision 97.77%, recall 98.97%, and f1-score 97.30%.
Has neoliberal globalisation contributed to growing levels of nationalism across Europe?
Authors: Quirk Jessica
Published: September 2022

ESAANZ ESSAY PRIZE WINNERThis paper addresses the contribution of neoliberal globalisation to the growing popularity and prevalence of nationalist movements in the past decade. The world has seen rising levels of populism and nationalism in recent years and Europe is no exception. Several European member states have seen parties of the far- right move from the outskirts of the political spectrum to the mainstream and into positions of leadership. To highlight the nationalist response to neoliberal conditions three emergent movements in founding EU member states will be analysed in detail: France’s Rassemblement National (RN), Italy’s Lega Nord (LN) and Movimento 5 Stelle (5SM) and Germany’s Alternative für Deutschland (AfD). This paper will argue that the conditions of neoliberal globalisation have contributed to the rise and prominence of nationalist movements in Europe.
El Archivo Histórico del Centro de Estudios Agrarios de Extremadura: custodio del patrimonio del campo extremeño
Authors: Mosquera Müller Jose Luis
Published: September 2022

El Centro de Estudios Agrarios (CEA) es una unidad cuyo objetivo es servir al usuario un completo panorama del devenir del campo extremeño (objetos, documentos, publicaciones…) desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta finales del pasado siglo y, además, contar con trabajos que revisan aquella época en su Biblioteca Central. Además, el CEA añade la capacidad de editar alguno de esos trabajos desde la propia Consejería de Agricultura, Desarrollo Rural, Población y Territorio a través de su unidad de Imprenta y Publicaciones. En esta experiencia trasladamos al lector una breve descripción de los contenidos de su Archivo Histórico.
WAVELET ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF WAVES OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION, DEATH AND RELATIVE DEATH FROM COVID-19 IN USA
Authors:   Fryazino Branch of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics  them. V.A. Kotelnikov RAS., Anyutin A.P. , Khodykina T.M. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).
Published: September 2022

In this work, the wavelet spectra were calculated and studied for time series representing the dynamics of the new cases of coronavirus infection, death and relative death in USA within 17.03.2020 – 31.05.2022. It was found that the Wavelet spectra have characteristic different-scale internal cycles.
Russia’s Relations with the Countries of Latin America at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Four Levels of Interstate Interaction
Authors: Kosevich Ekaterina
Published: September 2022

This article examines the main stages in the development of relations between Russia and Latin America from 2000 to 2022. The research covers the entire set of bilateral cooperation between Russia and Latin American countries, and the internal and external factors influencing their evolution. The article presents the author’s view of interstate interactions from two perspectives – the foreign policy of Russia, and the national and international objectives of leading Latin American countries. The author concludes that for Russian foreign policy in the 21st century, all the countries of this region can be divided into four conditional groups: traditional partners, ideological allies, trade partners, and low priority states. This mapping of the region can explain the peculiarities of the formation of dialogue between Moscow and Latin American countries, and the possibilities and limits of interstate and interregional cooperation.
La oferta de alfabetización de jóvenes y adultos ante la pérdida de la presencialidad durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Carvajal Enna , Kalman Judith
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se argumenta que si bien el cierre de las escuelas durante la emergencia sanitaria de Covid 19 y el traslado de la educación a la casa generó una situación inestable y desafiante para los sistemas educativos regulares, para los cursos de alfabetización y la educación de personas jóvenes y adultas (EPJA) el reto fue aún mayor debido a las ya precarias condiciones de trabajo de dichos sistemas educativos. Ante la emergencia, en algunos países los responsables de los programas buscaron dar continuidad a los programas educativos. Las propuestas para lograrlo evolucionaron a lo largo de la pandemia, y muchas de ellas incluyeron diferentes usos de las tecnologías digitales. Concluye que mientras hemos visto que las respuestas ante la pérdida de la presencialidad dieron lugar a una importante migración a entornos digitales, al uso de videos y la televisión educativa, esto no ha resultado en innovaciones sustantivas en las conceptualizaciones y actividades educativas en especial para los programas de alfabetización de la región.
Pendampingan Perencanaan Pengembangan Masjid Yayasan Amal Bhakti Muslim Pancasila Semarang
Authors: Fauziyah Shifa , Setiabudi Bambang , Sholeh Moh Nur
Published: September 2022

Masjid sebagai tempat ibadah menjadi bangunan yang selalu digunakan oleh masyarakat islam untuk beribadah. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk maka perlu dilakukan perluasan masjid yang lebih baik. Masjid Yayasan Amalbhakti Muslim Pancasila (YAMP) Tlogosari, Semarang, Jawa Tengah menjadi salah satu masjid yang membutuhkan perluasan bangunan. Masjid ini digunakan untuk ibadah wajib dan sunnah, pendidikan, dan kegiatan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah melakukan pendampingan perencanaan pengembangan atau perluasan masjid YAMP sesuai dengan kriteria bangunan gedung. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian meliputi survei lokasi, pembuatan gambar kerja masjid, penyusunan rencana anggaran biaya, penjelasan hasil gambar dan biaya ke pengelola masjid. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah tersusunnya gambar teknis dan rencana anggaran biaya yang dimanfaatkan oleh pengelola masjid untuk menjadi dasar renovasi masjid. Pengelola masjid menjadi terbekali dengan gambar rencana dan rencana biaya saat dilakukan pekerjaan konstruksi.
Pemanfaatan Digital Marketing sebagai Media Informasi Pemasaran Online Produk Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah Petani Hortikultura Cilacap
Authors: Purwanto Riyadi , Maharrani Ratih Hafsarah , Somantri Oman , Wanti Linda Perdana , Fadillah Fadillah
Published: September 2022

Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh para petani holtikutura di kabupaten cilacap saat ini cukup kompleks khususnya dalam hal pemasaran produk. Permasalahan tersebut diantaranya adalah metode pemasaran yang belum maksimal karena berbagai macam keterbatasan media promosi dan pengetahuan tentang cara-cara promosi sehingga hasil pertanian hanya dipasarkan di daerah Cilacap saja, serta belum optimalnya pemanfaatan teknologi dikarenakan sarana yang terbatas dan ruang gerak yang terbatas apalagi seperti kondisi sekarang yaitu pandemi covid-19. Pemasaran online yang dilakukan oleh Petani Holtikultura Cilacap (PHC) memerlukan sebuah sarana yang lebih luas cakupannya, seperti sebuah media marketplace yang khusus menjual produk hasil pertanian dari seluruh wilayah kabupaten Cilacap. Berdasarkan kesepakatan antara tim pelaksana dan mitra, maka solusi yang menjadi prioritas utama adalah masalah strategi media pemasaran, pemanfaatan marketplace untuk pemasaran hasil pertanian di seluruh wilayah kabupaten Cilacap. Kegiatan tersebut dikemas dalam suatu bentuk pelatihan-pelatihan, diantaranya pelatihan pengelolaan marketplace yang bertujuan agar hasil pertanian dapat dipasarkan ke luar daerah Cilacap.  Target luaran yang diharapkan adalah adanya peningkatan perekonomian, serta peningkatan pengetahuan anggota PHC terkait dengan sistem pemasaran dan branding yaitu digital marketing. Selain itu diharapkan adanya peningkatan kesejahteraan dan perekonomian bagi anggota PHC karena permintaan hasil pertanian yang meningkat.
Meta Analisis: Problem Based Learning (PBL)
Authors: Parlaungan M. Dino , Firdaus Irfan , Padila Prilia , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Amergus Cahaya , Sodikin Sair , Zulfah Zulfah
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to improve the mathematical problem solving ability of students who are taught by applying a problem based learning model that is taught by a direct learning model. Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach can be used as a solution in learning mathematics. The research method used is a quasi-experimental research in the form of a posttest and there is an experimental class and a control class. This research method is a meta-analysis with a sample of 5 articles in Sinta 3-6 accredited national journals from 2017 to 2021 with the research subject being junior high and high school education levels. Meta-analysis research shows that the effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning approach is effective on problem solving abilities. The research data were collected through the provision of instruments in the form of a mathematical problem solving ability test in the form of description questions and observation sheets. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant effect of the Problem Based Learning model on mathematical problem solving abilities.
SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE OF TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL TYPE AS A DEVELOPMENT RESOURCE OF THE TERRITORY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN)
Authors:   Institute of Social and Economic Researches, KIRILLOVA S.A.
Published: September 2022

The expediency of using the instrument of special economic zones as an effective resource of socioeconomic development of territories that do not have industrial potential is justified by the example of the formation of the project of a special economic zone of the tourist and recreational type "Ural", located on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Calculations of economic, financial and budgetary efficiency are presented, indicating that the implementation of this project will ensure the creation of organizational and economic conditions for the activation of the development of domestic tourism in the region and will contribute to the growth of competitiveness not only of the municipalities on whose territory the zone is located, but also of the Republic of Bashkortostan as a whole. The recommendations can be useful for researchers researching the development of tourism in the region, small and medium-sized businesses in the field of tourism, representatives of the executive authorities of the region.
BACTERIA BURKHOLDERIA VIETNAMENSIS WITH A COMPLEX OF PROPERTIES USEFUL FOR PLANTS REDUCE DROUGHT STRESS IN MOGAR (SETARIA ITALICA L.)
Authors:   Ufa Institute of biology, CHETVERIKOV S.P. , CHETVERIKOVA D.V. ,   Ufa Institute of biology, BAKAEVA M.D. ,   Ufa Institute of biology, KENJIEVA A.A. ,   Ufa Institute of biology
Published: September 2022

Foxtail millet ( Setaria italica L.) is a grain and fodder crop that is cultivated in the steppe regions of the Russian Federation, subject to periodic droughts. Since plants are closely related to the microorganisms living in their rhizosphere, the selection of beneficial bacteria and their use in crop production, including in adverse soil and climatic conditions, are considered a promising area of research. The purpose of this work was to study the role of a strain - a representative of the genus Burkholderia in stimulating plant growth and mitigating drought stress in Setaria italica . The bacterial strain B. vietnamiensis 8CH fixes atmospheric nitrogen, synthesizes indoleacetic acid (474.8 ng/ml) in rich nutrient media, mobilizes phosphates, and demonstrates antagonism against phytopathogenic fungi. At the same time, the effect of bacteria of the genus Burkholderia on the drought resistance of foxtail millet was studied for the first time. The taxonomic affiliation of the strain was clarified by determining the nucleotide sequence of the 16S RNA gene. Foxtail millet was grown in laboratory in pots under artificial lighting. Soil moisture was maintained at 60% of the total moisture capacity as standard and 20% to simulate drought. Protein was measured by Bradford, malondialdehyde - by reaction with thiobarbituric acid, peroxidase activity by the rate of oxidation of guaiacol. At 20% soil moisture, the treatment of foxtail millet with the B. vietnamiensis led to an increase of the shoots’ mass by 83%, and roots’ mass by 160%. The improvement of the foxtail millet plants’ status after the bacterial treatmenent was confirmed by a decrease in the concentration of the oxidative stress marker - malondialdehyde in the leaves to the control level. During study, at least two mechanisms of the anti-stress effect of bacteria in soil moisture deficiency were identified: activation of antioxidant enzymes and improvement of the water balance in plants. The activity of the peroxidase enzyme rose by 42%, and the relative water content in the leaves increased from 74 to 87%.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF HEMEROCALLIS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE BASHKIR PRE-URAL
Authors:   South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute, PYATINA I.S. , REUT A.A. ,   South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the results of studies of the peculiarities of the water regime and drought resistance of 6 species of the genus Hemerocallis L. introduced into the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences. The objects of study were H. citrina Baroni, H. dumortieri E. Morren, H. fulva (L.) L., H. lilioasphodelus L., H. middendorffii Trautv. et C. A. Mey., H. minor Mill. The experiments were carried out during the growing seasons of 2020-2021 on the basis of the laboratory for the introduction and selection of flowering plants. In the course of the experiments, the seasonal dynamics of such indicators of the water regime as total water content, water retention capacity and water deficiency in leaves of Hemerocallis were determined. The analysis of the parameters of the water regime is based on the method of artificial wilting and the method of saturation of plant samples. The data obtained were processed using standard statistical methods using Microsoft Excel 2003. As a result of the research, based on the average values of water holding capacity, total water content and water deficit, we developed a scale for changing the parameters of the water regime of leaves for a comparative assessment of the drought resistance of Hemerocallis, which makes it possible to differentiate daylily taxa into groups with varying degrees of drought tolerance (high, medium and low). Thus, H. citrina and H. fulva were assigned to the group with a high degree of drought tolerance; H. dumortieri, H. lilioasphodelus, H. middendorffii, H. minor were assigned to the group with an average degree of drought tolerance. Under the same soilclimatic and agrotechnical conditions, the range of indicators of the total water content of Hemerocallis was 68.8-83.6%, water-holding capacity - 19.8-65.1, water deficit - 2.2-13.62%. In general, all the studied species of daylily are promising for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of the Bashkir Pre-Ural.
ON THE RESULTS OF INVENTARISATION OF ANTHROPOGENICALLY MODIFIED PEATLANDS IN THE BASHKIR CIS-URALS
Authors:   Ufa Institute of biology 2 Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, BAISHEVA E.Z. , SHIROKIKH P.S. ,   1 Ufa Institute of biology 2 Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, MARTYNENKO V.B. ,   Ufa Institute of biology, BIKBAEV I.G. ,   1 Ufa Institute of biology 2 Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: September 2022

A geographic information system of anthropogenically modified peatlands of the Bashkir Cis-Urals including 351 sites was created. In the past, the peat extraction has been carried out on 47% of these sites. Currently, only about 50 % of anthropogenically modified peatlands are being used economically, mainly as hayfields and pastures. Totally, more than 17000 hectares of fully or partially drained peatlands, which were not determined in the current state cadastral accounting as lands being drained, have been revealed.
EXPEDITION RESEARCHES BY R.G. KUZEEV ON THE STUDY OF BASKIR TRIBAL SIGNS IN 1975-1982SS
Authors:   R.G. Kuzeev Institute for Ethnological Studies, PETROV I.G.
Published: September 2022

One of the little-studied documents of the scientific heritage of the outstanding scientist-ethnologist R.G. Kuzeev are his field diaries. They are the result of many years of expedition research by the scientist and cover the period from 1952 to 1982. They contain information concerning ethnogenesis, ethnic history, tribal structure, land use system, customary law, history of settlements, toponymy of Bashkirs. A lot of interesting and valuable things can also be learned in them about Bashkir economic occupations and crafts, settlements, dwellings, decorative and applied arts, historical legends, legends. Field diaries also show that their content directly depended on the scientific tasks that the researcher set for himself. In 1953-1955, as well as in 1965-1974, R.G. Kuzeev collected materials on the history of settlement, tribal composition, remnants of the patriarchal-tribal way of life, tribal signs, customary law, land use system, land relations and social organization of Bashkirs. In 1956-1961, together with colleagues from Leningrad and Ufa, he joined in the collection and generalization of materials on the decorative and applied art of Bashkirs. In 1975-1982, the scientist focused his attention on a systematic and large-scale study of Bashkir tamgas - tribal signs. This publication tells about how the scientist, since the 50s of the twentieth century, nurtured this idea and implemented it during expedition research in the 70-80-ies of the twentieth century. Although R.G. Kuzeev did not have time to complete the monograph on this topic to the end, he made a significant contribution to the collection, accumulation and scientific interpretation of the phenomenon of Bashkir tamgas, and also drew attention to their inexhaustible source value. In addition, he left behind a unique body of expedition drawings and photographs, which in all their diversity reflect the ethnic and regional characteristics of the tribal signs of the Bashkirs in the Southern Urals.
An evaluation of the quality management system of transnational undergraduate programmes in a Vietnamese university
Authors: Dao Thi Hong Thanh
Published: September 2022

The study is helpful as an external evaluation process involving University A stakeholders to review its quality management mechanism of TNUPs. The study’s findings support University A to identify necessary changes to redevelop its quality management model appropriately. The research findings provide constructive research information for other universities in Vietnam that also offer TNUPs. Other institutions can learn from University A’s experience in administrative and academic aspects. Such valuable information can also contribute to the development of transnational education in Vietnam generally.
学習者コーパス入門 ―NICE を利用して―
Authors: SAKAUE Tatsuya
Published: September 2022

本稿の目的は，学習者コーパス「Nagoya Interlanguage Corpus of English」(略称:NICE)を用いて，学習者コーパスの基本的な利用法を説明することである。「学習者コーパス」は，外国語を学習する人が，学んでいる外国語で書いたり話したりしたものをテキストとして集めたものであり，世界的には，英語を学ぶ人を対象にした学習者コーパスが多く作られている。しかしながら，こうしたコーパスの利用法に関する情報が乏しいという現状がある。そこで，本稿では，NICEを具体例として，汎用的に応用可能な言語処理技術を中心に，コーパスの構築手順やデータの処理方法・分析方法について解説する。
Bureaucrat Assignments as Instruments of Political Control: Evidence from Land Administration Officials in India
Authors: Dasgupta Aditya , Agnihotri Anustubh , Kapur Devesh
Published: September 2022

Bureaucrats face considerable political pressure from special interests to bias their decision-making. For this reason, bureaucratic autonomy is often protected by civil service laws governing hiring-and-firing. This paper investigates an alternative instrument of political control—the assignment of officials to geographical posts, a personnel system found in many countries. With a matching model, we theorize when and how politicians may use assignments to control/corrupt officials. We test implications with a nationwide survey of officials who administer land, a lucrative asset and target of rent-seeking in urbanizing India. Using a cross-referenced design, we estimate officials' preferences over posts, finding that attributes like hometown proximity are worth a large salary premium. Observed assignment patterns are consistent with politicians leveraging these preferences to pressure officials into distorting land regulation, especially in areas with greater corruption potential (measured with remote-sensing data on urban expansion). The findings illuminate the political economy and personnel dynamics driving bureaucratic control/corruption.
Karakteristik Sosial Budaya Kesehatan Masyarakat
Authors: Nur Fatikasari Putri Amal
Published: September 2022

Penyakit lepra, yang lebih dikenal dengan Morbus Hansen atau kusta adalah infeksi kulit kronis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium leprae.
karakteristik sosial budaya daerah kesehatan daerah masing masing
Authors: Nurhasnina Sitti
Published: September 2022

Mangngade atau ‘menjalankan adat’ merupakan kegiatan masyarakat di Desa Wanuawaru, Kecamatan Mallawa, Kabupaten Maros, yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember dan Januari. Masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini, yaitu bagaimana proses acara Mangngade dan kedudukannya dalam masyarakat Desa Wanuawaru. Terdapat tiga tahap saat prosesi Mangngade, yaitu mengunjungi salo, berkumpul di Saoraja, dan berkumpul di Bulu Posso. Dalam Mangngade, masyarakat melakukan doa-doa yang berkaitan dengan pertanian, terhindar dari bencana alam, kedamaian, keselamatan dan kesuksesan kehidupan pribadi. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu, metode etnografi dan perekaman data arkeologi. Hasil perekaman data kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan konsep dalam kebudayaan megalitik. Berdasarkan data tersebut akhirnya disimpulkan bahwa Mangngade merupakan ciri tradisi megalitik yang masih dijalankan masyarakat Desa Wanuawaru secara turun temurun dari leluhurnya dalam membangun pengakuan keberadaan kelompoknya.
統計解析環境「R」を利用した言語データの処理
Authors: SAKAUE Tatsuya
Published: September 2022

本稿の目的は，「R」という統計解析環境を利用した言語データの基本的な処理方法を説明することである。具体的な処理内容として，Rを使って言語データ内に含まれる単語数を求めるための基本的な手順を説明する。
Content Reinstatement
Authors: Zhao Yufei , Kuhl Brice A.
Published: September 2022

Episodic remembering is fundamentally related to the reinstatement of patterns of neural activity evoked during the initial encoding of memories. This chapter reviews the phenomenon of reinstatement, with a focus on reinstatement of content information (‘what’ is being remembered). It first reviews evidence for, and properties of, content reinstatement across different brain regions (sensory cortex, the hippocampus, fronto-parietal cortex). Next, it considers how reinstatement is related to objective and subjective behavioral measures of memory retrieval, including memory accuracy and memory vividness. Finally, it considers how memory reinstatement influences reinstated memories, separately considering reinstatement that occurs during deliberate retrieval, memory encoding, and during offline periods of rest or sleep.
The Daily Linguistic Practice Interview: a new instrument to assess language use and experience in minority-language children and their effect on reading skills.
Authors: Carioti Desirè , Stefanelli Silvia , Masia Marta Franca , Giorgi Ambra , Del Pivo Giulia , Del Monte Milena , Travellini Simona , Marcelli Antonella , Guasti Maria Teresa , Vernice Mirta , Berlingeri Manuela
Published: September 2022

The increasing number of primary students with different degrees of exposure to a family minority language requires a reflection on whether and how specific aspects of their daily language experience influence their learning skills. Indeed, Minority Language Children (MLC) often report difficulties in fluent and accurate reading that must be better investigated to exclude neurodevelopmental conditions such as dyslexia.To this aim, we developed a new instrument, the Daily Linguistic Practice Interview (in Italian, the "Prassi Linguistiche Quotidiane" – PLQ Interview). It allows to collect information about the linguistic practice and use in the family (Scale A) and extra-family context (Scale B) and about the child’s linguistic preferences and habits (Scale C). The Interview further provides analogic quantitative measures of minority language active speaking with mother, father, and passive listening, in the form of clocks to paint.The relationship between all these linguistic aspects and reading skills was investigated on 79 MLC aged 8 to 11 y.o. through a correlational approach and several regression models. Our results show that family and extra-family language use influence accurate lexical recognition. At the same time, a “mother effect” broadly affects reading skills in the majority language. In line with these findings, promoting balanced bilingualism in school is relevant for supporting learning skills. Moreover, according to our data, a more careful evaluation of learning disorders should be done on MLC with ad hoc standardized tests and by also considering family language exposure.
The Brain is not Mental! Coupling Neuronal and Immune Cellular Processing in Human Organisms
Authors: Ciaunica Anna , Levin Michael
Published: September 2022

Significant efforts have been made in the past decades to understand how mental and cognitive processes are underpinned by neural mechanisms in the brain. This paper argues that a promising way forward in understanding the nature of human cognition is to zoom out from the prevailing picture focusing on its neural basis. It considers instead how neurons work in tandem with other type of cells (e.g. immune) to subserve biological self-organisation and adaptive behaviour of the human organism as a whole. We focus specifically on the immune cellular processing as key actor in complementing neuronal processing in achieving successful self-organisation and adaptation of the human body in an ever-changing environment. We overview theoretical work and empirical evidence on ‘basal cognition’ challenging the idea that only the neuronal cells in the brain have the exclusive ability to ‘learn’ or ‘cognize’. The focus on cellular rather than neural, brain processing underscores the idea that adaptive responses to fluctuations in the environment requires a carefully crafted orchestration of multiple cellular and bodily systems at multiple organisational levels of the biological organism. Hence cognition can be seen as a multiscale web of dynamic information processing distributed across a vast array of complex cellular (e.g. neuronal, immune, and others) and network systems, operating across the entire body, and not just in the brain. Ultimately, this paper builds up towards the radical claim that cognition should not be confined to one system alone, namely the neural system in the brain, not matter how sophisticated the latter notoriously is.
From in-person to online: the new shape of the VC industry
Authors: Alekseeva Liudmila , Fontana Silvia Dalla , Genc Caroline , Ranjbar Hedieh Rashidi
Published: September 2022

Geographical clustering is an essential feature of the venture capital (VC) industry as proximity helps VCs to acquire soft information about early-stage companies and to conduct post-investment activities. However, whether the VC investment model based on in-person interactions is still justified in the age of online communication technologies remains an open question. In this paper, we address this question by using an unexpected interruption in face-to-face meetings during the recent pandemic. We document that VCs respond to this change by breaking their traditional norm: they invest in more distant startups. We find that this evolution goes along with selection criteria and syndication process changes despite some persisting behaviors. Thus, our study helps to understand how VCs revisit their investment model and sheds light on the value of in-person interactions for the VC industry.
Tamsulosin versus Fluid Therapy in Management of Ureteric Stone: A Comparative Study
Authors: Adhikari Bimarsh , Kidwai Roman
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Almost all ureteric stone migrates from kidney. The drugs commonly used to assist in the passage of bigger calculi include alpha-blockers, calcium channel antagonists, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, corticosteroids. Tamsulosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist known to augment the stone expulsion rate.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of Tamsulosin versus fluid therapy in management of urolithiasis.

Methods: The study was carried out on 100 patients (divided into 2 groups) at Nepalgunj Medical college Hospital Nepalgunj from May 2020 to April 2021,between 18-50 years of age of either sex, presenting with a symptomatic urinary calculus as demonstrated on imaging. Group 1 received 0.4mg of tablet tamsulosin once daily for 4 weeks, whereas Group 2 fluid therapy for a period of 4 weeks or until expulsion of stone.

Results: Group A reflected 88% (40 patients) expulsion rate, whereas Group B reflected 72.0% (36 patients) expulsion rate. There was a statistically significant difference in the expulsion rate amongst both the groups. 92.0% (46 patients) subjects in Group A demonstrated stone expulsion within 4 weeks, mean time being 8 days. In comparison only 70.0% (35 patients) subjects in Group B demonstrated stone expulsion within 4 weeks, mean time being 14 days.Use of tablet diclofenec 100mg was lower in Group A in comparison to Group B.

Conclusion: Tamsulosin is a safe and effective pharmacological agent in management of ureteric stones as it known to increase overall stone expulsion rate, reduced stone expulsion time, decrease acute attacks by acting as a spasmolytic, and fewer pain episodes. It may be considered as a conservative therapeutic option before more invasive procedures like ureteroscopic removal or Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
Ultrasonographic Assessment of Renal Length with Respect to Age and Sex: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Gupta Anil Kumar , Baral Lekhanath , Shah Gaurav Jung
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Kidney is an important retroperitoneal organ with excretory and endocrine functions. The length of kidney is affected in variety of clinical disorders with age.

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the renal length with respect to individual’s sex and age.

Methods: This study was conducted on 369 patients referred to department of Radiology for abdominal ultrasonographic examination where renal length was measured and recorded.

Results: The mean right kidney length was found to be 9.3403 cm and the left mean kidney length was found to be 9.3490 cm. In comparison among male and female, males were found to have a greater mean kidney length. The maximum mean right kidney length was found in 50-59 years age groups while left kidney length was found maximum in 30-39 years age group.

Conclusion: We performed ultrasonographic assessment of renal length with respect to age and sex in Nepalese population. We found that the kidney length of both left and right kidneys was related to age and sex.
POMPP Score and Boey Score: To Predict Mortality in Peptic Ulcer Perforation
Authors: Khadka Digbijay Bikram , Bharti Shiv Vansh , Khadka Sagun Jung , Sharma Anup
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Peptic ulcer is an insult to the mucosa of the upper digestive tract. Helicobacter pylori infection, long term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or steroids, excessive alcohol ingestion and smoking are common etiological factors. A number of scoring systems for prediction of outcomes in perforated peptic ulcer patients have been developed such as Predictive score of mortality in perforated peptic ulcer score and Boey score.

Aims: To evaluate Predictive score of mortality in perforated peptic ulcer score and Boey Score in predicting accuracy of mortality in patients with peptic ulcer perforation.

Methods: A hospital based study was conducted from June 2021 to May 2022 in the department of Surgery, Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur. The Predictive score of mortality in perforated peptic ulcer and Boey score were recorded after history taking, physical examination, basic pre-operative investigations and radiological imaging. The patients were classified into high risk and low risk categories based on scores and followed up to predict the mortality within 30 days post operatively.

Results: 80 patients were included in the study. 53 were male and 27 female. Peptic ulcer perforation was seen more in age groups of 45 to 60 years. In Boey score 8 patients out of 27 high risk patients died whereas in Predictive score of mortality in perforated peptic ulcer score 8 patients died out of 12 high risk patients. When compared, predictive score of mortality in perforated peptic ulcer was found to be more accurate than Boey score (p-<0.05) score.

Conclusion: Predictive score of mortality in perforated peptic ulcer is easy to use and more accurate in predicting mortality in peptic ulcer perforation than Boey score.
Study of Single Subcutaneous Injection for Digital Block Using Lignocaine with Adrenaline
Authors: Pudasaini Pushkar , Rai Shankar Man , Nakarmi Kiran , Chaurasia Lok Raj
Published: September 2022

It is known fact that adding adrenaline to local anesthetic gives many advantages but it is not practiced commonly in digital anaesthesia due to fear of ischemia due to resultant vasoconstriction. Total five cases were there. All patients received lignocaine with adrenaline in digital block. Recent literature and our findings both suggest use of adrenaline in at least a well perfused finger is safe and may give some potential advantages.
Penurunan Kadar Logam Berat Nikel Limbah Cair Industri Pada Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri Di Karawang
Authors: Wathoni Akda Zahrotul , Pratiwi Annisa Indah , Suci Farradina Choria
Published: September 2022

Limbah cair pada umumnya mengandung bahan-bahan atau zat-zat yang dapat membahayakan bagi kesehatan manusia serta mengganggu lingkungan hidup. Salah satu komponen pencemar limbah yang berbahaya adalah adanya pencemar logam berat. Logam Nikel merupakan salah satu cemaran berbahaya jika terdapat dalam air apalagi jika digunakan untuk kegiatan sehari-hari. Sebelum limbah cair dibuang ke badan sungai, harus memenuhi baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan sesuai dengan PERMEN LH No. 3 tahun 2010 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah bagi Kawasan Industri. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisa logam berat pada limbah industri di suatu kawasan di Industri Karawang baik sebelum maupun setelah proses pengolahan limbah untuk mengetahui tingkat cemaran logam berat Nikel pada limbah cair dan efektifitas pengolahan air limbah di Karawang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses pengolahan limbah tersebut efektif menurunkan kadar Nikel terlarut dari rata-rata 0,016 mg/L sebelum proses olah menjadi 0,006 mg/L setelah melalui proses pengolahan air. Penurunan kadar Nikel terbesar selama penelitian dilakukan mencapai 94 % pada sampel pertama. Kandungan Nikel dalam air baku maupun outlet telah memenuhi standar baku mutu Permen LH No.3 Th.2010 yaitu batas makasimal yaitu 0,5 mg/L
Pemanfaatan Ampas Tahu Dan Sampah Pasar Sebagai Pakan Larva BSF
Authors: Rukmini Piyantina
Published: September 2022

Dregs tofu and waste are organic materials that still contain a lot of good nutrition for larva feed.  The research aim to determine waste reductions by larva BSF.  This research uses a plastic box in which a mixture of tofu dregs, vegetable, and fruit are placed in certain composision.  No additional feed was added during this research.  The results shows that the mixture of dregs tofu and fruit (2 produce ECD= 10,2% and WRI = 3,1% higher than others containers/reactors.