bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autoimmunity and liver disease: Updates of the literature
Authors: J  Alkhatib Ahed
Published: February 2025

Progressive immune-mediated inflammation and eventual destruction of hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells characterize autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs). The primary objective of this study was to conduct a literature review on AILDs. In a nutshell, autoimmune liver diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system assaults the liver cells in error, causing inflammation and damage. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis are the three most prevalent autoimmune liver diseases (PSC). AIH is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation and liver cell injury, which, if left untreated, can progress to cirrhosis and liver failure. PBC is a chronic disease that affects the small bile ducts within the liver and can contribute to cirrhosis, liver failure, and other complications. Chronic PSC, which affects the larger bile ducts, can cause liver failure and bile duct carcinoma. The precise cause of autoimmune liver diseases is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role. Typically, blood tests, imaging, and liver biopsies are used for diagnosis. Medications that suppress the immune system, such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or biologics, may be used in the treatment of a specific disease. In some instances, liver transplantation may be required. Autoimmune liver diseases can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life and require ongoing management and monitoring. It is essential for individuals with these conditions to work closely with their healthcare providers to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and preserve liver health overall.
NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM TAFSIR AL-AZHAR KARYA BUYA HAMKA (STUDI QS. AL-MAIDAH AYAT 27-32) DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DI SEKOLAH MUHAMMADIYAH II KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Arrasyd Harun , Rambe Malim Soleh
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar Karya Buya Hamka (Studi QS. Al-Maidah Ayat 27-32) dan Implementasinya di Sekolah Muhammadiyah se-Kota Padangsidimpuan. Masalah yang ditemukan adalah merosotnya karakter, terjadi pergeseran nilai, masih banyaknya kelakuan yang melanggar aturan yang sudah ditetapkan, seperti berkelahi, tidak memakai atribut sekolah, bolos sekolah, perjudian, merokok, mengabaikan tugas sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitan library research (kajian pustaka), jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif berupa kata-kata, dengan pendekatan hermeunetika. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan buku-buku, jurnal, karya ilmiah yang relevan dengan permasalahan, kemudian analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis (tahlili) yang digunakan untuk mencari kandungan QS. Al-Maidah Ayat 27-32 tentang nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dan Implementasinya di Sekolah Muhammadiyah se-Kota Padangsidimpuan. Hasil penelitian ini nilai karakter yang baik yaitu, karakter menyampaikan yang benar, karakter suka berqurban, karakter taqwa, karakter sabar dan karakter takut kepada Allah,. Sedangkan nilai karakter yang buruk yaitu, hasad, suka mengintimidasi, zalim, dan melampaui batas. Pendidikan karakter merupakan bentuk kegiatan pendidikan yang di dalamnya terdapat suatu tindakan yang mendidik untuk membentuk atau melatih kemampuan diri demi menuju kearah hidup yang lebih baik.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KELAS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN: KONSEP, TEKNIK, DAN IMPLEMENTASI DI KELAS
Authors: Fazria Nurul , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Nirwana Herman
Published: February 2025

Pengelolaan kelas merupakan elemen penting dalam proses pembelajaran yang bertujuan menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif dan efektif. Artikel ini menganalisis konsep, teknik, dan implementasi pengelolaan kelas dalam pembelajaran berdasarkan studi literatur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan mengumpulkan, meninjau, dan menganalisis referensi dari jurnal ilmiah, buku, dan artikel terkait. Konsep pengelolaan kelas mencakup pengaturan lingkungan fisik, sosial, dan emosional untuk mendukung keterlibatan dan prestasi siswa. Teknik pengelolaan kelas dibagi menjadi preventif, korektif, dan supportif, yang bertujuan untuk mencegah gangguan, mengatasi masalah perilaku, dan mendukung perkembangan siswa. Implementasi pengelolaan kelas menekankan pada pentingnya adaptasi terhadap kebutuhan siswa, khususnya dalam konteks pembelajaran inklusif dan berbasis teknologi. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengelolaan kelas yang efektif dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar, keterlibatan siswa, dan hasil akademik. Artikel ini memberikan wawasan teoritis dan praktis yang dapat diaplikasikan oleh pendidik dalam menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang optimal. Strategi Pengelolaan Kelas dalam Pembelajaran: Konsep, Teknik, dan Implementasi di Kelas
PENERAPAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN BEHAVIOR UNTUK MENGATASI STRES MAHASISWA DALAM PENYELESAIAN TUGAS AKHIR (SKRIPSI)
Authors: Daulay Maslina , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Netrawati Netrawati , Hariko Reski
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan bimbingan dan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan behavior untuk mengatasi stres yang dialami mahasiswa dalam penyelesaian tugas akhir (skripsi). Metode yang digunakan adalah library research, yang melibatkan analisis berbagai literatur dan penelitian terdahulu terkait efektivitas pendekatan behavior dalam konteks konseling kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik-teknik seperti Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), dan self-talk dapat secara signifikan mengurangi tingkat stres akademik mahasiswa. Selain itu, bimbingan kelompok menciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung, di mana mahasiswa dapat saling berbagi pengalaman dan strategi coping, sehingga meningkatkan rasa kebersamaan dan mengurangi perasaan terisolasi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman tentang pentingnya dinamika kelompok dalam proses konseling, serta menekankan bahwa penerapan pendekatan behavior tidak hanya membantu mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan skripsi, tetapi juga membekali mereka dengan keterampilan yang berguna untuk menghadapi tantangan akademik di masa depan.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY DALAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING KELOMPOK
Authors: Susanti Meri , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Netrawati Netrawati , Hariko Rezki
Published: February 2025

Pendekatan cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) adalah pendekatan psikoterapi jangka pendek yang dirancang untuk memengaruhi emosi, perilaku, dan kognisi disfungsional, melalui prosedur sistematis yang berorientasi pada tujuan. Pendekatan ini memiliki karakteristik unik yang membedakannya dari sebagian besar pendekatan kelompok lain, karena bergantung pada prinsip dan prosedur metode ilmiah, dan prinsip pembelajaran yang diperoleh secara eksperimental. Pendekatan ini semakin banyak digunakan untuk masalah kesehatan mental, dan diterapkan dalam layanan bimbingan dan konseling kelompok sebagai intervensi untuk penanganan perilaku-perilaku maladaptive. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pendekatan CBT merupakan suatu metode terapi perilaku kognitif yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi tekanan dan disfungsi psikologis dengan mengeksplorasi dan mengatasi integrasi pikiran, perasaan, dan perilaku yang berkontribusi pada munculnya suatu masalah. Tujuan dan manfaat pendekatan CBT dalam bimbingan dan konseling kelompok sebagai preventif dan perbaikan perilaku maladaptive melalui penguasaan keterampilan praktis untuk membuat perubahan dalam pikiran, perilaku, dan emosi serta cara mempertahankannya dari waktu ke waktu. Peran pemimpin dalam kelompok CBT yaitu sebagai guru dan pendorong bagi anggotanya untuk mempelajari dan mempraktikkan keterampilan sosial dalam kelompok yang dapat diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Tahapan pelaksanaan CBT dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu; tahap awal, tahap kerja, dan pengakhiran
PELAKSANAAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK PENDEKATAN KONSELING REALITAS DALAM MENCEGAH BULLYING PADA SISWA SMP DI KABUPATEN BIREUEN
Authors: Wahidah Syarifah , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Hariko Rezki
Published: February 2025

Penelitinan ini  bertujuan  menganalisis pelaksanaan bimbingan kelompok pendekatan konseling realitas dalam mencegah bullying pada siswa SMP di Kabupaten Bireuen, bullying dapat terjadi kapan saja dan dimana saja, oleh karena itu siswa butuh pengawasan agar terhindar dari dampak yang sangat serius dari perilaku tersebut. Metode Penelitian merupakan penelitian kualitatif  dengan Jenis penelitian yakni penelitian yang menggunakan latar alamiah, dengan maksud menafsirkan fenomena yang terjadi, dengan menggunakan wawancara, pengamatan dan pemanfaatan dokumen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Pada Siswa SMP Di Kabupaten Bireuen. Sedangkan uji keabsahan data menggunakan 4 (empat) alat uji yakni: credibility, transfability, dependability, dan confirmability. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaanlayanankonselingkelompok dengan pendekatan konseling realitas yangdilaksanakanterhadap  siswa SMP di Kabupaten Bireuendapatmembantumemecahkanmasalahsiswadanmencegah bullying pada  siswa. Selian itu pelaksanaan bimbingan kelompok dengan pendekatan konseling realitas merupakan strategi yang efektif dalam mencegah bullying di kalangan siswa SMP, termasuk di Kabupaten Bireuen. Pendekatan konseling realitas, yang berfokus pada tanggung jawab individu dan pemecahan masalah, dapat membantu siswa memahami dampak dari perilaku bullying dan meningkatkan kesadaran diri siswa. Penelitinan ini  bertujuan  menganalisis pelaksanaan bimbingan kelompok pendekatan konseling realitas dalam mencegah bullying pada siswa SMP di Kabupaten Bireuen, bullying dapat terjadi kapan saja dan dimana saja, oleh karena itu siswa butuh pengawasan agar terhindar dari dampak yang sangat serius dari perilaku tersebut. Metode Penelitian merupakan penelitian kualitatif  dengan Jenis penelitian yakni penelitian yang menggunakan latar alamiah, dengan maksud menafsirkan fenomena yang terjadi, dengan menggunakan wawancara, pengamatan dan pemanfaatan dokumen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Pada Siswa SMP Di Kabupaten Bireuen. Sedangkan uji keabsahan data menggunakan 4 (empat) alat uji yakni: credibility, transfability, dependability, dan confirmability. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaanlayanankonselingkelompok dengan pendekatan konseling realitas yangdilaksanakanterhadap  siswa SMP di Kabupaten Bireuendapatmembantumemecahkanmasalahsiswadanmencegah bullying pada  siswa. Selian itu pelaksanaan bimbingan kelompok dengan pendekatan konseling realitas merupakan strategi yang efektif dalam mencegah bullying di kalangan siswa SMP, termasuk di Kabupaten Bireuen. Pendekatan konseling realitas, yang berfokus pada tanggung jawab individu dan pemecahan masalah, dapat membantu siswa memahami dampak dari perilaku bullying dan meningkatkan kesadaran diri siswa.
LAYANAN KONSELING INDIVIDUAL MELALUI PENDEKATAN RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY (REBT) DALAM MENANGANI KECEMASAN SOSIAL KORBAN BULLYING
Authors: Dela Vitria Larseman , Matondang Anas Munandar , Pasaribu Safran Efendi
Published: February 2025

Rational emotive behavior theraphy yaitu mencari solusi untuk fokus pada aspek berpikir, penilaian, keputusan arah dari pada berurusan dengan perasaan. Tujuan utama konseling individual menggunakan rebt adalah untuk menolong klien memahami hidup mereka dapat produktif dan logis. Teknik rational emotive behavior theraphy dalam menangani korban bullying kecemasan sosial yaitu untuk menangani pemikiran korban yang tidak logis dan dirubah menjadi logis dan rasional. Salah satu akibat dari perilaku bullying yaitu kecemasan sosial, maka dari itu korban bullying harus segera ditangani. Terapi berlangsung selama lima kali pertemuan denga waktu 45 menit setiap pertemuan. Subjek penelitian  merupakan mahasiswi semester dua. Metode dalam studi ini yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui  observasi,  wawancara,  dan  dokumentasi  hasil  konseling.  Hasil penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan rational emotive behavior therapy dengan tiga teknik dapat menangani kecemasan korban bullying pada mahasiswi. Hal ini terbukti dari perubahan setelah dilaksanakannya layanan konseling mahasiswi dapat berpikir secara logis dan ingin kembali kuliah
Experiencias de inclusión en formadores de formadores: la hermenéutica colectiva y la emergencia de representaciones asociadas
Authors: Leiva-Contardo Roberto , Núñez-Rojas Mauricio , Herrera-Seda Constanza , Gallego-Concha Camila
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La investigación aborda el rol de las/os supervisores de práctica en la formación inicial docente y busca entender las representaciones que estas/os formadores construyen sobre la formación inicial docente para la inclusión a partir de sus experiencias biográficas. Metodología: la investigación se enmarca en los estudios de investigación-formación e involucra la escritura de relatos autobiográficos, sesiones de trabajo reflexivo basadas en relatos de profesores en formación y la reescritura del relato inicial. Resultados: se muestran que el trabajo dialógico-hermenéutico de la comunidad de formadoras/es es enriquecido por los relatos del profesorado en formación inicial, reconociendo que la verdadera inclusión se aprende a través de eventos biográficos. Discusión: se establece que la inclusión se construye como una categoría experiencial, que debe ser vivida y posteriormente significada. Conclusión: para las/os supervisores de práctica, la inclusión implica un encuentro con el otro, requiriendo una disposición ética. El uso de relatos del profesorado en formación promueve una reflexión profunda, resultando en transformaciones en el ser, pensar y hacer de los formadores.
Transformaciones en la Infancia y la Comunidad: Estudio de un proyecto de Educación Alternativa
Authors: Garagarza Aitor , Alonso Israel , Idoiaga Nahia
Published: February 2025

Introducción. Este trabajo analiza el impacto de un proyecto de educación alternativa consolidado en el País Vasco, en el desarrollo educativo de la infancia, otros agentes (familias o personal educador) y la comunidad. Se contextualiza teóricamente el Espacio de Aprendizaje Laboragune y el movimiento de educación alternativa. Metodología: La metodología elegida fue el estudio de caso, utilizando diversas herramientas cualitativas para obtener una comprensión detallada del impacto del proyecto. Resultados: Los resultados destacan cómo elementos clave de este proyecto permiten resignificar, deconstruir y empoderar. Se subraya la importancia de la corresponsabilidad educativa y las responsabilidades decisorias, además del énfasis en la resignificación de las relaciones con la comunidad y la ciudad. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se concluye que los proyectos educativos alternativos generan transformaciones significativas en los agentes que interactúan con ellos. Este caso aporta valiosas lecciones sobre cómo estos proyectos pueden provocar grietas en las estructuras educativas tradicionales y transformar a las personas involucradas.
Las relaciones entre España y Marruecos: un modelo hacia el partenariado estratégico
Authors: Karim Touhami Ismail
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Las relaciones entre España y Marruecos atraviesan su mejor momento, caracterizadas por una asociación estratégica en múltiples ámbitos . Esta cooperación es fundamental para la estabilidad y desarrollo regional en el Mediterráneo. Metodología: Este estudio emplea un enfoque de investigación mixto, combinando métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, para analizar exhaustivamente las relaciones bilaterales entre España y Marruecos, su evolución histórica y transición hacia una asociación estratégica. Resultados: La XII Reunión de Alto Nivel (RAN) entre España y Marruecos en 2023 fue un hito en sus relaciones bilaterales, estableciendo una hoja de ruta para fortalecer la cooperación en áreas clave como economía, seguridad, migración y sostenibilidad. Discusión: La XII RAN entre España y Marruecos marcó un hito en sus relaciones bilaterales, reafirmando su compromiso de fortalecer una colaboración estratégica para abordar desafíos regionales . Conclusiones: Las relaciones entre España y Marruecos han evolucionado de la confrontación a una cooperación estratégica, como demuestra la XII RAN . Esta asociación abarca áreas clave como economía, seguridad y cultura, y tiene un impacto positivo en la estabilidad regional.
AI-assisted feedback in CLIL courses as a self-regulated language learning mechanism: students’ perceptions and experiences
Authors: Campos Miguel
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The integration of AI in educational settings offers significant potential for enhancing learning experiences, particularly in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) contexts. AI tools, such as ChatGPT, provide personalized feedback on writing, addressing issues like unclear content, grammatical errors, or poor vocabulary. This study examines students' perceptions of AI-assisted feedback in a business CLIL course and evaluates the actual improvements in their writing based on the feedback provided by AI. Methodology: University students (n=205) participated in a 15-week Data Description writing course, using ChatGPT to receive specific criteria-based feedback on weekly compositions. Students revised their drafts based on this feedback before their submission. A survey (n=192) assessed their experiences and the perceived impact on writing skills and task efficiency. Additionally, a sample (n=336) of the writing compositions was coded and analyzed to evaluate linguistic enhancement. Results: Results indicate that students found AI feedback beneficial for improving writing skills and appreciated its immediacy and specificity. However, concerns were noted about the complexity and relevance of the feedback. Discussions: Despite these issues, students responded positively, showing significant improvement in content accuracy and linguistic proficiency. Conclusions: The study highlights the potential of AI tools and the need for refining AI feedback mechanisms.
STUDY OF 1-[4-H NITROPHENYL] PYRROLE-2- CARBALDEHYDE TO MITIGATE CORROSION OF MILD STEEL IN ACIDIC SOLUTION
Authors: Satarkar Sahil , R. S. Dubey
Published: February 2025

The corrosion prevention of mild steel was studied using a synthetic pyrrole derivative, 1-[4-H nitrophenyl] pyrrole2-carbaldehyde. The experiments involved weight reduction treatments, electrochemical analysis, and surface analysis. Corrosion inhibition was seen to increase in the presence of the studied inhibitor, and the inhibition efficiency was observed to be directly proportional to the inhibitor concentration. The tested inhibitor has a maximum inhibition efficacy of 88.67% at 600 ppm. The inhibitory efficiency decreased as the solution's temperature increased. Electrochemical investigation revealed that the examined pyrrole derivative worked as a mixed sort of inhibitor. The formed energy barrier on the metal surface was confirmed by the surface analytical techniques.
Classification of Layers Using Artificial Neural Networks in the Province of Kurdistan (Iran)
Authors: Arefpanah Semko , Sharafi Alireza , Gholamian Alireza
Published: February 2025

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is a field that combines science, technology, and ancient and modern knowledge. It has demonstrated the ability to resolve complex engineering issues beyond the computational capacity of conventional approaches and classical mathematics. ANN has applications in various fields, including computer science, engineering science, biology and medical science, and communication science. Neural networks are particularly useful in civil engineering, particularly in geotechnical problems, where soil heterogeneity and nonlinear behavior significantly impact geotechnical phenomena. Researchers have employed ANN to address various geotechnical engineering issues, including behavioral modeling, due to their potent abilities on nonlinear and multivariate problems. In this study, information from boreholes was used to collect and classify data to describe soil strata. The outputs of the neural network showed general consistency when compared to experimental borehole data, indicating its effectiveness in estimating changes in the soil layer. This was achieved by first presenting the network with information from various boreholes.
Improving Freedom of Visually Impaired Individuals with Innovative EfficientNet and Unified Spatial-Channel Attention
Authors: Chaudhary Amit , Verma Prabhat
Published: February 2025

Individuals with visual impairments often encounter substantial challenges navigating outdoor spaces due to their inability to perceive road-surface conditions. This study introduces an innovative method that harnesses deep learning to identify and categorize road surfaces, aiming to enhance the independence and mobility of the visually impaired. Leveraging the EfficientNetB0 model as a foundational framework and employing unified spatial-channel attention, we classified road surface images captured from a wearable camera. Through rigorous training and evaluation on a substantial dataset of road images, our modified system exhibited remarkable performance, accurately identifying road surfaces with an impressive 99.39% accuracy rate. This deep learning-driven approach holds promise as a pivotal tool for improving the autonomy and safety of individuals with visual challenges by providing instantaneous feedback on road conditions.
Detection and Predictive Analysis of Drowsiness Using Non-contact Doppler Sensor
Authors: Kyo In Chung , Chan Min Byung
Published: February 2025

The demand for continuous monitoring of vital signs is steadily increasing. Drowsiness occurs when individuals are tired or engaged in repetitive tasks, and driving or working in this state can lead to serious accidents. Various methods for detecting heartbeats based on Doppler sensors have been proposed due to their non-contact nature. Previous research involved developing Doppler radar sensors and verifying their reliability, with over 95 % accuracy compared to traditional ECG devices for heart rate measurement. This study proposes a method utilizing existing Doppler radar sensors to detect and predict drowsiness. To verify the test subjects' drowsy states, their faces were recorded with a camera, and the moments when their eyes were closed were validated as instances of drowsiness. Analytical methods were employed, including cross-method analysis, logistic regression analysis, and panel logistic regression analysis. The analysis revealed a p-value for drowsiness detection lower than 0.001, indicating statistical significance. Moreover, the significance of drowsiness states and stages was confirmed with an accuracy of over 95 %. Particularly, panel logistic regression analysis suggested its suitability as an indicator for predicting drowsiness states. In terms of predicting drowsiness stages and actual drowsiness states, it was observed that a time error of approximately 20-30 seconds exists. The study aimed to detect drowsiness and predict drowsiness based on data acquired through a non-contact Doppler radar sensor.
Comparative Analysis of Employee Training Using Conventional Methods and Virtual Reality
Authors: Krákora David , Hořejší Petr , Šimerová Andrea
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with an innovative method of employee training. Its concept is based on an experiment comparing a conventional training method with virtual reality (VR) training. For the evaluation, a questionnaire was designed to assess how much probands remembered immediately after the training. The area of training was the handling of sharp objects in a healthcare environment. The length of both types of training was 30 minutes). The conventional training was in the form of a presentation, the innovative one was virtual reality with guided interaction with objects. The probands were college students. A total of 42 samples were measured, where each proband was trained on only one variant. The main objective was to compare the effectiveness of each training method as a function of time and its effectiveness in terms of memorability. It showed that probands who acquired knowledge using the VR variant remembered more information. It was also found that prior experience with VR did not yield better results.
Experimental Determination of the Focal Distance of Cumulative Pyrotechnic Device in Launch Vehicle Separation System
Authors: Boliubash Yevhen
Published: February 2025

Pyrotechnic devices are widely used in modern aerospace engineering. One of the most effective types of pyrotechnic devices for performing obstacle separation operations in aerospace engineering is linear shaped charges. The penetration efficiency of the cumulative jet into a metal plate varies depending on the distance to the obstacle, i.e., on the focal distance. The focal distance is a key design parameter, therefore its study is extremely important for the development of effective systems. The article presents a methodology for conducting experimental research and the results of experimental research to determine the optimal focal distance for setting a linear shaped charge with a semicylindrical shaped liner with a diameter of 5 mm on an obstacle made of aluminum alloy 2219. The method for determining the optimal focal distance, the obtained data of the optimal and recommended focal distance are described. The research results provide valuable data for optimizing the mass characteristics of the structure by applying the optimal focal distance parameter for setting the linear shaped charge. This will help in the development of more efficient and reliable separation systems in aerospace engineering. The materials of the article will be useful for scientific and technical workers working on separation processes.
Optimizing Carbonation Hardening for Lightweight Concrete
Authors: Gara Olexander , Gara Anatoliy , Kolesnykov Andrii , Moskalova Khrystyna
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the accelerated carbonation hardening (ACH) of lightweight aggregate concrete. It evaluates the effects of binder content, ground limestone, lightweight aggregates, plasticizers, carbonation pressure, and duration on compressive strength at 1 hour, 28 days, and 180 days. Statistical models and optimization using desirability functions were employed to identify optimal recipe and technological parameters. ACH enhances concrete strength and promotes sustainable carbon sequestration, providing an alternative to conventional curing methods.
Visual Perception of Organic and Polygonal Shapes in the Graphic Communication
Processes
Authors: Geček Robert , Vusić Damir
Published: February 2025

Many factors influence the visibility and proper reception of visual messages. The forms used in communication play a crucial yet often overlooked role in this process. This paper investigates which forms are more favourably perceived by the public in graphic communications. A test questionnaire was developed to gauge respondents' preferences for different shapes. The study involved 63 participants whose visual attention to organic and polygonal shapes was measured using an eye-tracker over an 8-second interval. Three scripts were utilized: two freely available ones and one specifically written for this research. These scripts were implemented in MATLAB to analyse and present the visual results of the study. The hypotheses were tested using two statistical methods: the t-test for two vectors and Wilcoxon's rank-sum test. Based on the findings, recommendations were outlined for future research on the application of organic and polygonal shapes in graphic communications.
Digital tourism: A bibliometric study of trends and research
Authors: Kurt Ferhat , Genç Volkan
Published: February 2025

Digital advances are profoundly impacting consumer behaviour and industry dynamics, and the tourism sector stands to benefit significantly from these advances. This paper conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis focusing on the convergence of tourism and digitalisation. The study starts with the keywords ‘tourism’ and ‘digitalisation’ as the fundamental pillars of the study. With the help of a quantitative bibliometric analysis methodology, the current research seeks to delineate the prevalence and trajectory of these concepts within the scholarly literature. Using data from academic studies published between 2000 and 2024 and archived in the SCOPUS database, this study examines the development and prominence of relevant themes. The analysis identified 1437 studies. The number of studies conducted, especially after 2019, has increased significantly. When the keywords are analysed, the top three are ‘smart tourism,’ ‘big data,’ and ‘blockchain,’ respectively. When the link strength of the authors is examined, Chulmo Koo is in the first place, Dimitrios Buhalis is the most cited author, and among the journals, ‘Electronic Markets,’ ‘Tourism Review,’ and ’Sustainability’ are leading, respectively. In this context, some theoretical and practical suggestions are presented.
EFFECT OF FULLERENE C60 ON THE MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
Authors: Didur Ye. , Prylutska S. , Tkachenko T.
Published: February 2025

It was investigated the impact of fullerene С60 carbon nanoparticles on the morphometric parameters of winter wheat. In agriculture, the main sources of carbon input to the soil are of organic origin, at the same time, nanoparticles are new promising means that can improve the assimilation of this element, and considering its functions, the productivity of plants. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of a colloidal solution of C60 fullerene in different concentrations (0.1; 0.2; 0.5; 1.0 μg/ml) on the morphometric indicators of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. C60 fullerenes in an aqueous colloidal solution were synthesized and characterized in the Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology of the Technical University of Ilmenau (Germany). Certified winter wheat seeds of two varieties Akter and Patras from the official distributor DSV (Germany) in Ukraine were used in the work. Pre-sowing treatment of the wheat seeds of the experimental groups included their sterilization and soaking in colloidal aqueous solutions of C60 fullerene in concentrations of 0.1 μg/ml, 0.2 μg/ml, 0.5 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml during 2 h 45 min. It was measured the following morphometric parameters: length of shoots, length of roots, total length and raw weight of the plant.
Fullerene C60 at the concentration of 0.2 μg/ml characterized the most pronounced effect on the length of shoots and roots of Akter wheat seedlings, a statistically significant increase of these indicators by 27.0% and 28.1%, respectively, compared to control (untreated) plants. In winter wheat plants of the Patras variety, the fullerene C60 at the concentration of 0.2 μg/ml also caused the most pronounced changes in morphometric indicators, which, however, were not similar in comparison with the Akter variety. On the contrary, the length of Patras wheat shoots decreased by 22.9%, while the total length of plants and their raw weight increased significantly - by 38.9% and 52.9%, respectively, compared to the control group. Thus, it can be proposed that the effects of fullerene C60 depend not only on the dose and method of application, but also on the individual characteristics of the plants and, in particular, their variety
Mit Physik gegen Krebs
Authors: Weber Damien , Crompton Simon
Published: February 2025

Die moderne Protonentherapie rettet das Leben von immer mehr Kindern und Erwachsenen mit schwer behandelbaren Krebserkrankungen. Der spektakuläre Aufstieg der Protonentherapie hätte vielleicht nie stattgefunden, wenn das Paul Scherrer Institut nicht Pionierarbeit geleistet hätte. Das Schweizer Forschungszentrum wurde gegründet, um die Physik und die Natur der Materie zu erforschen, und hat seine Erkenntnisse aus der Grundlagenforschung in Anwendungen zum Nutzen der Menschheit umgesetzt. Es ist der Ort, an dem eine Technik entwickelt wurde, bei der Protonen auf Tumoren gerichtet werden: das sogenannte Pencil-Beam-Scanning (auch bekannt als Spot-Scanning), das heute an fast allen Protonentherapie- Zentren der Welt eingesetzt wird. Ausserdem wurden Techniken entwickelt, mit denen die korrekte Protonendosis genauer an jeden Teil eines Tumors abgegeben werden kann – auch sie werden nun weltweit eingesetzt. Dieses Buch richtet sich an alle, die sich für die ständige Suche der Wissenschaftler nach neuen Erkenntnissen interessieren. Es erzählt die bemerkenswerte Geschichte der Männer und Frauen am Zentrum für Protonentherapie des Paul Scherrer Instituts, die das Wissen, die Vorstellungskraft und die Beharrlichkeit hatten, über ein halbes Jahrhundert hinweg ihre Ideen zu verwirklichen. Es zeigt vor allem, was eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Ärzten und Wissenschaftlern erreichen kann – wenn die ganze Kraft der Physik für den Kampf gegen Krebs eingesetzt wird. "Damit ein Fachgebiet wachsen kann und damit der Gemeinschaft von Patientinnen und Patienten am besten gedient ist, muss man lernen, sich erweitern, sich verbessern und teilen – so, wie es am PSI geschehen ist. Dieses Buch ermöglicht, diese Sichtweise nachzuvollziehen. Ich für meinen Teil habe die Lektüre sehr genossen." Jay Flanz, Projektleiter und technischer Direktor des Francis H. Burr Protonentherapiezentrums am Massachusetts General Hospital.
Budaya Kental Balada Gubalan (Pernikahan Dini) di Kabupaten Mesuji Lampung
Authors: Lestari Riska Dwi , Karsiwan Karsiwan , Lisdiana Anita
Published: February 2025

Pernikahan dini sudah menjadi hal lumrah dalam masyarakat khususnya di desa-desa. Begitu pula balada gubalan (pernikahan dini) di Mesuji yang masih bersikukuh dengan adat istiadat dari zaman nenek moyang untuk tetap mempertahankannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran mengenai dampak negatif pernikahan dini, seperti risiko kesehatan, terbatasnya pendidikan dan kesempatan berkarir, serta kemiskinan tepatnya di Kabupaten Mesuji. Namun terdapat pula sisi positif dari adanya pernikahan dini tersebut seperti misalnya menjaga diri dari kemaksiatan. Artikel ini juga membahas terkait solusi potensial untuk mencegah pernikahan dini, seperti program pendidikan dan perubahan kebijakan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode menghimpun data-data serta informasi baru yang lebih berfokus pada pemeriksaan informasi yang telah dikumpulkan. Penulis juga menggunakan literatur seperti data-data valid di internet, jurnal, buku, serta wawancara terhadap sumber yang terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa banyak menimbulkan pro dan kontra antara pemerintah Mesuji dan juga masyarakat setempat. Dikarenakan dengan melakukan pernikahan dini maka akan berdampak pada kesehatan reproduksi, sosial, ekonomi dan juga akan timbul pada tingkat psikologi yang mana lebih tertuju pada mental mereka. Namun pada sisi positifnya dalam perspektif Islam sendiri justru diperbolehkan karena ditakutkan akan menimbulkan hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Metode Everyone Is Tacher Here dalam Meningkatkan Interaksi Siswa IPS
Authors: Winarsih Nining , Siddiqah Fina
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak metode pembelajaran "Everyone is Teacher Here" terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SMPI Irsyadul Mubtadi’in pada pelajaran IPS. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMPI Irsyadul Mubtadi’in. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui empat tahap: pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil evaluasi nilai pos test dari dua pertemuan menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan, menandakan keberhasilan metode "Everyone is Teacher Here" dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Meskipun pada pertemuan awal dengan pre test terlihat kurangnya peningkatan, namun pada keseluruhan, metode ini berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman siswa.
Pengembangan Media Peta Keragaman Budaya Indonesia (PKBI) Pada Materi Persebaran Keragaman Budaya Indonesia
Authors: Margareta Dian Kristi  , Andri Wicaksono  , Deri Ciciria
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan peta keragaman budaya, mengetahui kelayakan, respon dan keefektifannya untuk meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran mengenai kekayaan budaya di Indonesia di kelas V UPDT SDN 14 Teluk Pandan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis data kuantitaif dan analisis data kualitatif. Hasil validasi materi memperoleh skor persentase 81% dan validasi media memperoleh skor persentase 92% (sangat layak), Hasil uji kelompok kecil memperoleh skor persentase 95% dan hasil uji coba lapangan untuk mengetahui respon peserta didik memperoleh skor persentase 97% (sangat menarik). Hasil responden pendidik juga memperoleh rata-rata 97,5% (sangat menarik). Hasil uji coba produk membuktikan bahwa pengembangan produk ini efektif memaksimalkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas V dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 84,5. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penggunaan Media Peta Keragaman Budaya Indonesia (PKBI) Pada Materi Persebaran Keragaman Budaya Indonesia sangat layak dan efektif digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik pada materi tersebut.
An Attempt to Explain Why There Are No Psychology Courses in the School Curricula of Nearly All Countries Worldwide
Authors: Brodziak Andrzej , Abram Danuta , Rajfur Kinga
Published: February 2025

At the outset, the authors propose two selected methods of estimating the overall social and psychological condition of society. One of the tools suggested is the objective ranking compiled by the World Justice Project[1].

According to the authors, a preliminary review and analysis of the current geopolitical situation and the manifestations of people’s present mental state lead to the conclusion that a reasonable and justified way to counteract adverse social processes would be to disseminate knowledge derived from scientific and intellectual inquiries in psychology.

However, the authors then review available data, which indicate that only a handful of countries worldwide include “psychology” as a compulsory subject in their school curricula.

This prompts the authors to reflect on why this state of affairs exists and then to design a survey study. The study’s aim would be to estimate how a selected group of young individuals — who recently completed their secondary education—perceive the suggested reasons behind the absence of psychology instruction in schools.

A discussion of the findings of this survey, along with several other facts concerning current social processes, leads the authors to conclude that the causes of this situation include a lack of approval from parents and even teachers for implementing compulsory psychology education in schools. In the authors’ view, this reluctance is rooted in fundamental, specific cultural factors that are prevalent in most societies — factors previously discussed in the authors’ earlier works[2][3][4][5].

Because the authors believe that the possible introduction of compulsory psychology education in schools in most countries could serve as a form of self-defense — potentially helping to avert further wars, conflicts, enslavement, and injustice — there is a need to outline the possible actions that would facilitate the implementation of psychology education in schools.
Mitigating GenAI-powered Evidence Pollution for Out-of-Context Multimodal Misinformation Detection
Authors: Yan Zehong , Qi Peng , Hsu Wynne , Lee Mong Li
Published: February 2025

While large generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) models have achieved significant success, they also raise growing concerns about online information security due to their potential misuse for generating deceptive content. Out-of-context (OOC) multimodal misinformation detection, which often retrieves Web evidence to identify the repurposing of images in false contexts, faces the issue of reasoning over GenAI-polluted evidence to derive accurate predictions. Existing works simulate GenAI-powered pollution at the claim level with stylistic rewriting to conceal linguistic cues, and ignore evidence-level pollution for such information-seeking applications. In this work, we investigate how polluted evidence affects the performance of existing OOC detectors, revealing a performance degradation of more than 9 percentage points. We propose two strategies, cross-modal evidence reranking and cross-modal claim-evidence reasoning, to address the challenges posed by polluted evidence. Extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets show that these strategies can effectively enhance the robustness of existing out-of-context detectors amidst polluted evidence.
Diversidade parasitária em aves domésticas e silvestres em reabilitação
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Marques Sandra Márcia Tietz , Bitencourte Gabriela Caetano ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Published: February 2025

This study reports parasite diversity in domestic and wild birds through fecal examinations. A total of 224 birds (17 Orders and 59 species) were under clinical care at the Center for Rehabilitation and Conservation of Wild Animals at the Veterinary Faculty of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the years 2018, 2019, 2022 and 2023. The feces were processed using the Willis-Mollay and Lutz techniques. The overall prevalence was 34.8% (78/224). The parasite eggs found in parasitological examinations belong to: Capillaria (36%=28/78), Isospora spp. (35%=27/78), Ascaridia (10.2%=8/78), Eimeria (8%=6/78), Trichostrongylus (5.2%=4/78), Anisakis spp. in king penguin (2.6%=2/78), Strongyloides (1.3%=1/78), Trematode (1.3%=1/78) and Raillietina (1.3%1/78) in Pavo cristatus. The routine collection of feces is relevant for identifying the parasitic fauna of wild birds. The results obtained can be used to establish health protection programs for endangered bird species.
Optimization of packaging and marketing of Awaina Shrimp Paste as a leading product of Langsa City
Authors: Hakim Sukma Hayati , Sari Raina Linda , Salman  , Hanum Nurlaila
Published: February 2025

Indonesia's coastal resources provide livelihoods for many communities, including Langsa City in Aceh Province, known for its shrimp paste production. Terasi Awaina, a local shrimp paste business, faces challenges with outdated packaging and limited marketing reach. This community service project aimed to optimize Terasi Awaina's packaging and marketing strategies. Conducted over six months, the project involved surveys, practical training, outreach, and mentoring to enhance the business's operations and market appeal. Training focused on modern packaging techniques and establishing an official business website. The results showed significant improvements in participants' knowledge and skills, increased production efficiency, and expanded market reach. Modern packaging and a professional online presence boosted sales and competitiveness. This project demonstrates the potential for technological and digital solutions to drive sustainable development in traditional industries, contributing to economic growth and improved livelihoods in rural communities.
Development of media presentation through application to 4.0 based learning optimization
Authors: Soeparno Wahyu Sugeng Imam , Hasyim Sirojuzilam , Rahman Arif , Andrasari Monika , Simatupang Dewi Ratna Sari , Siahaan Nico Bayu Gilbert
Published: February 2025

Sekolah Indonesia Bangkok (SIB) faces challenges in utilizing online presentation platforms such as Canva, Prezi, and Slidebean. Both students and teachers have limited understanding of advanced features, leading to low-quality presentations and limited creativity in delivering lesson materials. Additionally, no formal training has been provided to maximize the use of these tools in the school environment. Students also get learning materials or guidebooks accompanied by learning stationery, as well as practical materials in the form of online platform web links that are ready to be processed. The guidebook given to the students is not limited to the training, but can be used outside of the training session. The learning method used in these learning activities is project-based learning where students will get an understanding of the benefits of creativity in presentation media and material on the use of online platforms 4.0, then continued with practical sessions where students are directed to implement the material received with online platforms provided through website links. The benefits of this community service activity are determined by considering the cognitive and psychomotor aspects demonstrated by the students. Based on the results of pre-test and post-test conducted on 35 participants, there was an average increase of 45% in students understanding of the use of the Canva, Prezi, and Slidebean platforms. Before the training, only 30% of students understood the basic features of these platforms, while after the training, this number increased to 75%.
Does foraging habitat quality affect reproductive performance in the Little Egret, Egretta garzetta?
Authors:   Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, Arles, France, Tourenq C. , Barbraud C. ,   Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, Arles, France, Sadoul N. ,   Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, Arles, France, Sandoz A. ,   Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, Arles, France, Lombardini K. ,   Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, Arles, France, Kayser Y. ,   Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, Arles, France, Martín J.-L. ,   CNRS, Montpellier cedex, France
Published: February 2025

In order to understand the role of foraging habitat quality on fecundity parameters we measured habitat use, breeding parameters, and body condition of chicks in six colonies of Little Egrets in southern France. The foraging habitat available differed between colonies; it was mainly natural marshes around the Carrelet colony, agricultural lands (rice fields and dry crops) around the Agon colony, a mix of agricultural and natural lands around the Redon and Fiélouse colonies, a mix of natural and urbanised/industrial lands around the Palissade colony, and mainly cultivated and urbanised lands around the Chaumont colony. The habitat attractiveness to adult Little Egret breeding was higher for natural marshes than for other habitat types. Agricultural marshes (rice fields) came next. Other human¿made habitats came last. Clutch size and body condition index of chicks did not differ between colonies. Brood size was influenced by both the association of the proportion of natural marshes in the foraging area and clutch size, and the association of clutch size and the total number of heron pairs in the colony. The effect of the proportion of natural marshes could not be distinguished from the effects of the colony size. The potential influence of other parameters not taken into account in this study is discussed.