bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regional Policies for Access to Higher Education: IGAD in Perspective
Authors: Kebede Kassa Tsegaye
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores what regional institutions, like the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), are doing to promote access to quality higher education for refugees, returnees, and host communities. The chapter examines existing policies, identifies gaps, and recommends needed policy changes to facilitate access to quality, equitable, and relevant higher education. The period covered by the study is from 2017 to 2023. The methodology used is a desk review of policy and discourse analysis, with narrative accounts of what IGAD and its member states aspire to do, what is missing in making higher education accessible to refugees, and what corrective measures should be done at both regional and nation level given the growing number of learners in the displacement-affected communities in the region. The analyses focus on policies or education sector development strategies. The findings reveal that, though education in general and higher education in particular has been identified as one of the fundamental areas of interventions, when it comes to refugees, higher education is rarely a priority. The chapter specifically appeals to the international financial institutions to create a regional window of opportunities of funding for regional organizations, including IGAD, and emphasizes displacement-affected communities in their funding.
Cerebral protection during repair of type A aortic dissection
Authors: Carrel Thierry
Published: June 2024

Surgical repair of type A aortic dissection includes most often a period of hypothermic circulatory arrest to allow inspection of the disease within the aortic arch and perform the most appropriate distal repair. Clinical methods of cerebral protection have considerably evolved during the last decades, starting with isolated hypothermic circulatory arrest without or with medicamentous protection and combined later with different methods of cerebral perfusion. One category aims at significantly reducing or suppressing the metabolic demands of the cerebral tissue. The second provides the brain with some metabolic requirements despite the exclusion of the supra-aortic branches from the aortic arch and can be summarized as perfusion of the brain through the arterial or venous network, in either an antegrade or a retrograde fashion. Numerous clinical studies have reported excellent results following antegrade perfusion of the brain. This represents most probably the best method to preserve the integrity of the senso-motoric functions and cognitive faculties, particularly in frail patients and in those requiring a more complex surgical procedure in the setting of acute type A dissection.
Cognate Object dalam Bahasa Jepang: Bentuk dan Contoh
Authors: Aritonang Betty Debora , Meilantari Ni Luh Gede
Published: June 2024

Syntax is concerned with how sentences are constructed. Language users employ a unique variation that allows for the formation of elements in sentences. Subject, verb, object, complement, and adverb are some sentence structure components that catch the attention of syntax. This research will concentrate on objects, particularly cognate objects, among the many sentence structures studied from syntax. Although the Japanese language has a cognate object similar to English, there is a slight difference. This is because the object comes before the predicate in the Japanese sentence pattern. As a result, this paper will look at how cognate object forms in Japanese. Some of the facts in the discussion suggest that the cognate object in Japanese is significantly different from the cognate object in English. This is due to the non-referential and non-accusative nature of the cognate object in Japanese. In Japanese, cognate object forms based on verbs have nearly the same qualities as verbs.
Dynamic Verbs in Peaky Blinders Season 1
Authors: Kushariputri Nailla Shahifah Rahmadiva , Alam Beny , Hadi Imron
Published: June 2024

The need to be able to understand what other people convey is very important for humans as social beings. Humans communicate through words that have forms and meanings that contain ideas, intentions, or emotions. This research was written to find out the meaning in the form of an action of a word form, namely a dynamic verb when it is associated with the whole sentence. Dynamic verbs and their types that will be analyzed are taken from the popular series, Peaky Blinders Season 1 Episode 1 and Episode 2. The writer took thirty data to be the object of the analysis. The qualitative method is the method used in the preparation of this study based on Saeed (2016) who divides dynamic verbs into four types namely, durative-punctual and telic-atelic as the main theory. The findings were: three data were declared as durative-atelic with a percentage of 10%, ten data were declared as punctual-telic with a percentage of 33.3%, and seventeen data were declared as durative-telic with a percentage of 56.7%. There are three positions from the findings, namely durative-telic as the most type, punctual-telic in the middle position, and durative-atelic as the least.
Sinestesia Berpenanda Adjektiva dalam Novel Mata Onaji Yume Wo Miteita Karya Yoru Sumino
Authors: Dewi Citra , Anwar Aulia Arifbillah , Salim Farhan Isrof
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertajuk “Sinestesia berpenanda adjektiva dalam novel Mata Onaji Yume o Miteita karya yoru sumino”. Pemilihan judul demikian karena penulis menemukan ungkapan-ungkapan sinestesia dalam novel Mata Onaji Yume O Miteita. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis apa saja jenis pertukaran indra yang terjadi pada adjektiva penanda ungkapan sinestesia dengan menggunakan teori Yamanashi (1988) dan makna perluasan dari adjektiva penanda ungkapan sinestesia dalam kalimat menggunakan teori Sutedi (2014) dari novel tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan ranah ilmu semantik dan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Novel berbahasa Jepang dengan tajuk Mata Onaji Yume o Miteita dan terjemahan novel tersebut yang bertajuk I saw that same dream again digunakan sebagai sumber datanya. Setelah dianalisis, hasil yang didapat berupa 74 data kalimat yang bersinestesia dengan 26 adjektiva penandanya. Pergeseran indra yang bersinestesia pada novel ini berupa 49 data kalimat mengandung adjektiva yang bersinestesia dengan mengalami pertukaran indra dari indra pengelihatan ke indra pendengaran, 12 data kalimat dengan pertukaran indra dari indra peraba ke indra pengelihatan, 11 data kalimat dengan pertukaran indra peraba ke indra pendengaran, 1 buah data kalimat dengan perubahan indra dari indra peraba ke indra pengecapan, dan 1 buah data kalimat yang menunjukkan perubahan indra dari indra pengecapan ke indra penciuman. Kemudian makna perluasan yang terbentuk diakibatkan oleh perbedaan indra penanggap secara kata dengan kata dalam satu fungsi gramatikal atau fungsi gramatikal yang lain dalam satu kalimat.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) Dalam Melatih Berfikir Kritis Peserta Didik
Authors: Qurrotulayunsufyan  , Mohammad Sugi Hartono
Published: June 2024

Critical thinking skills in mathematics are very important to develop, for this reason it is necessary to have a mathematics learning process that involves students actively, especially in the learning process in the classroom. The aim of this research is to determine the level of students' critical thinking abilities in learning using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model, as well as to determine the factors that inhibit and support learning using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model. The type of research used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques use observation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used is descriptive interpretative. The results of the research show that the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model really helps students understand the learning material. One of the things that supports learning using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model is the supporting media used, while the inhibiting factor in learning using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model is the lack of time in carrying out the learning process.
Evaluasi Pengembangan Pembelajaran Tahfidz Dengan Metode Talaqqi Dan Audio Visual Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Listiani Dwi , Ridho Achmad Rasyid
Published: June 2024

Overall, the talaqqi and audio visual methods have proven effective in improving the tahfidz abilities of early childhood at Markaz Alkautsar Magelang, although there are several aspects that need to be improved to achieve more optimal results. This research aims to evaluate the development of tahfidz learning using talaqqi and audio-visual methods in early childhood at Markaz Alkautsar Magelang. The research method used is a combination of observation, interviews, questionnaires and memorization tests to collect data from teachers, parents and children. Aspects evaluated include effectiveness, efficiency, relevance and impact of learning methods on children's tahfidz development. The results showed that the talaqqi and audio-visual methods significantly improved children's memorization abilities. Observations and interviews with teachers revealed that this method was able to increase children's involvement and motivation in learning the Koran. Parents also reported positive improvements in their children's memorization abilities. Analysis of data from the memorization test shows a significant increase between the pre-test and post-test results. However, this research also found several challenges, such as technical difficulties in using audio-visual devices and the need for further training for teachers to maximize the use of these methods. Based on these findings, it is recommended to conduct continuous training for teachers and improve the technological infrastructure at Markaz Alkautsar
Importance of Both Clinical and Dermoscopic Findings in Predicting High-Risk Histopathological Subtype in Facial Basal Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Ceder Hannah , Backman Eva , Marghoob Ashfaq , Navarrete-Dechent Cristián , Polesie Sam , Reiter Ofer , Paoli John
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Being able to recognize high-risk facial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) may lead to fewer incomplete excisions and inappropriate treatments. Objectives: We sought to investigate clinical and dermoscopic criteria for predicting facial BCC subtypes, analyze the interobserver agreement between readers, and develop a diagnostic algorithm to predict high-risk histopathological subtype. Methods: In this single-center, retrospective investigation, 6 independent readers evaluated predefined clinical and dermoscopic criteria in images of histopathologically verified primary facial BCCs including: topography, border demarcation, vessels, ulceration, white porcelain areas, shiny white blotches and strands, and pigmented structures and vessels within ulceration. Results: Overall, 297 clinical and dermoscopic image pairs were analyzed. The strongest associations with high-risk subtype were: “bumpy” topography (OR 3.8, 95% CI, 3.1-4.7), ill-defined borders (OR 3.4, 95% CI 3.1-4.7), white porcelain area (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2.8-4.5), and vessels within ulceration (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.4-4.1). Predominantly focused vessels were a positive diagnostic criterium for either nodular (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2) or high-risk (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6-2.5) subtypes and a strong negative diagnostic criterium for superficial BCC (OR 14.0, 95% CI 9.6-20.8). Interobserver agreement ranged from fair to substantial (κ=0.36 to 0.72). A diagnostic algorithm based on these findings demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.4% (95% CI, 78.9-83.7%) and a specificity of 53.3% (95% CI, 49.7-56.9%) for predicting high-risk BCC subtype. Conclusions: Integration of both clinical and dermoscopic features (including novel features such as topography and vessels within ulceration) are essential to improve subtype prediction of facial BCCs and management decisions.
Rancang Bangun Kebutuhan Material pada Perusahaan Mega Karya Estetika
Authors: Permana Garry Julius , Siregar Bakti
Published: June 2024

Perusahaan Mega Karya Estetika adalah perusahaan Interior yang sedang berkembang dan memiliki nilai tersendiri dengan fokus utama menyajikan “konsep” sebagai acuan design sehingga mampu menciptakan tatanan interior rumah yang memiliki kenyamanan bagi penghuninya. Sebagai sebuah perusahaan yang sedang berkembang tentunya dibutuhkan Laporan ini dibuat sebagai bahan pengambilan keputusan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja hasil perkerjaan proyek dengan proyek sebelumnya. Prosesnya dimulai dengan pencatatan pembelian dan kedatangan barang ke workshop. Setelah menerima barang, dilakukan input data stok ke dalam database. Selanjutnya, dicatat pemakaian barang dan pengeluarannya dari stok dalam database. Pada akhir bulan, disusun laporan pembelian atau penggunaan barang untuk proyek tertentu, serta laporan keseluruhan penggunaan barang pada akhir proyek. Laporan tersebut lalu diberikan kepada pihak keuangan dan audit sebagai bahan evaluasi suatu proyek. Hasil evaluasi ini menjadi dasar untuk perbaikan dan peningkatan di masa mendatang.
(Why) Do We Need a Theory of Affective Injustice
Authors: Stockdale Katie ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: June 2024

Philosophers have started to theorize the concept of ‘affective injustice’ to make sense of certain ways in which people’s affective lives are significantly marked by injustice. This new research has offered important insights into people’s lived experiences under oppression. But it is not immediately clear how the concept ‘affective injustice’ picks out something different from the closely related phenomenon of ‘psychological oppression.’ This paper considers the question of why we might need new theories of affective injustice in light of the well-established cross-disciplinary literature on psychological oppression. I suggest that, whereas psychological oppression is found in the hearts and minds of people who are oppressed, affective injustice is most fruitfully understood as a structural phenomenon. It operates primarily outside of us: in affective norms, practices, and relationships that are embedded in social conditions of injustice. The account I offer is tentative and incomplete. But my hope is that it will help show how theorizing affective injustice has the potential to enrich existing theories of justice and theories of psychological oppression.
Affective Stereotype Threat as Affective Injustice
Authors: Cherry Myisha ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: June 2024

In this paper, I seek to describe the ‘other’ harms and forms of wrongdoing that an affective stereotype with specific racial and gender content, has. I will focus on the “Angry Black Woman” stereotype (or ABW stereotype), and I will reveal its intrinsic and direct extrinsic harms. I’ll then argue that it is a stereotype threat prime whose harm as an ‘affective injustice’ can cause agents to underperform on real-life affective, social, and political tasks. I also think prescriptively with Black feminist Audre Lorde about stereotype threat and how to respond to it. In doing so, I hope to contribute to the conversation that began with Larry Blum by expanding the harms that stereotypes inflict, particularly affective stereotypes of marginalized groups.
Antiracist Emotion Regulation: Redressing the Motivation Problem
Authors: Liebow Nabina , Glazer Trip ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: June 2024

Because white supremacy is designed to deliver unearned privileges and advantages to white people, they especially have a responsibility to engage in antiracism. However, many white people fail to do so, time and time again. We posit that, in many cases, antiracist efforts are thwarted because individuals face what we call “the motivation problem.” The motivation problem is a persistent lack or reduction of motivation to engage in antiracist praxis. We suggest that “emotion regulation”—acts performed with the goal of modifying an emotion—plays a key role in the creation of the motivation problem. In some cases, emotion regulation can cause individuals to experience emotions ill suited for motivating antiracism. In other cases, individuals experience emotions that are well suited for motivating antiracism but they undergo emotion regulation that counteracts these feelings. In both cases, emotion regulation reduces motivation for antiracist praxis. To redress the motivation problem, we propose that people can repurpose emotion regulation strategies to increase motivation for antiracism. We thus suggest that emotion regulation is both a cause of and a solution to the motivation problem. Overall, the paper’s 164 first aim is to show that emotion regulation plays a unique and devious role in sustaining white supremacy via the motivation problem. Our second aim is to show that emotion regulation can and should be repurposed for antiracist ends.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IS IMPORTANT INFORMATION IN PROVIDING SERVICES: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Purnamawati IGA Dewi , HASSAN HAFIZAH CHE HASSAN , SANSUWITO TUKIMIN BIN SANSUWITO
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Background: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) continue to face significant health challenges, with a growing morbidity rate that lowers their quality of life (QoL). Children with CKD experience complex problems physically, emotionally, socially and at school, requiring different problem solving for each child. At the assessment stage, assessing the quality of life is very important, the results of which determine the next steps regarding the child's care and treatment. Purpose: The aim of this research is to determine the best service delivery based on assessing the quality of life of CKD children based on research results. Methods: Systematic review study was for children determine the best service delivery based on assessing the QoL with CKD. Electronic database and reference list of relevant articles from 2016 to 2023. Guided by PRISMA guidelines, five electronic database PubMed, EBSCO, PROQUEST, Science Direct, and Google Scholar-were searched for relevant articles published in Indonesia and English. Results: From 11 studies, it was found that the majority of children with CKD had a low quality of life in terms of physical, emotional, social and academic function, even though the quality of life of children who underwent a renal transplant (RT) was better than children who underwent a RT, undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), to improve the QoL proper care is needed, one of which is camping activities by camping, children assess their quality of life positively, with self-esteem as the most felt dimension. Short stature, low family income, use of dialysis, and depression are risk factors associated with lower overall QoL. Conclusion: Research reveals that almost all children with CKD score poorly on QoL assessments. Children with CKD experience a poor quality of life, and require team and comprehensive work to improve the child's quality of life. Quality of life assessment is a reflection of the need for appropriate care and treatment for the child and family.
Keywords: Quality of life, Children, Chronic kidney disease
Smartphone Video Education-Based Diaphragmatic Respiratory Intervention As An Effort To Improve The Comfort Of Breast Cancer Patients Who Undergoing Chemotherapy At Arifin Achmad Hospital Riau Province
Authors: Defi Eka Kartika  , Rosyadi Imran , Sandra  , Noviyani Dwi , Veralia  , Yolanda Martha
Published: June 2024

Chemotherapy drugs have a systemic effect that can kill cancer cells as well as healthy cells, causing discomfort to breast cancer patients due to the side effects of the treatment. One of the non-pharmacological treatments to reduce the symptoms of discomfort in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy is diaphragmatic breathing which has benefits for mental and physical health. This study aims to determine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing intervention based on smartphone video education as an effort to increase the comfort of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This research uses a Quasy Experiment With Pre-Test-Post-Test design. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise intervention was carried out for 10 minutes with a frequency of 3 times a day until day 7 after chemotherapy. Data were analyzed using the Wilxocon test. The research results in this study show the influence of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on the comfort of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Conclusion: nurses are advised to educate breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy to carry out this intervention while at home.
Sound-sensitive molecules
Authors:   Otolaryngology Clinic in Mielec, Poland, Myjkowski Jan
Published: June 2024

Humanity has been wondering about the mechanisms of hearing for over 2,000 years. Many theories have been developed trying to solve this problem. The organ of hearing is still the only sense organ that is not fully understood. There is no doubt that the truth about hearing is different from the one proclaimed by the orthodox theory of hearing under the name of Bekesy's traveling wave. In order to change the seemingly erroneous status quo in explaining the mechanisms of hearing, I propose to start an analysis of all the circumstances that appeared after the announcement of the traveling wave theory. A new picture of hearing is emerging, significantly different from that described in textbooks and numerous publications. Censorship by orthodox reviewers can no longer inhibit new knowledge about hearing. This paper indicates the gaps in the current hearing theory and presents a new philosophy of hearing.
Unusual Case of Vaginal Bleeding in A Teenager Caused by Endometrial Cast: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, NHS Humber Health Partnership, J.S Hundeyin , T.O Adedipe ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, NHS Humber Health Partnership
Published: June 2024

Introduction Endometrial cast, a rare occurrence in gynaecology, is the expulsion of the near entirety of the endometrial lining of the uterine cavity, often maintaining the shape of the uterus. Also known as membranous dysmenorrhoea and largely associated with use of a progesterone-containing contraceptive; some cases following oral contraceptive pills (OCP) use in adolescence for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), have been reported. Case Report A 16-year-old nulliparous girl presented with a sudden passage of tissue per vagina (PV) following a short duration of PV bleeding and short-lasting crampy abdominal pain, after a 3-month regular use of Rigevidon® (a combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP) containing ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel): a contraceptive choice. Noted was a previously normal menstrual cycle following menarche at age 12 with an unremarkable past medical history, a negative urine pregnancy test and an empty uterus on ultrasound scan. Histological examination of the 14cm-long flat fleshy mass with an intrauterine outline confirmed an endometrial or decidual cast. Discussion Cast formation, with different underlying mechanisms – inadequate estrogen opposition effect on endometrium from dysfunctional oestrogen-progesterone imbalance +/- dysfunctional progesterone-mediated cellular Tissue inhibitors to- and matrix metallopeptidases (TIMP/MMP) – has been associated with HMB, ectopic gestations, miscarriages and secondary postpartum haemorrhage. Our case had no preceding significant risk factors and inadequate sonographic-evidence- a common occurrence in literature. This led to diagnostic and management challenges, increasing anxiety and treatment morbidity. Management in young women should be expectant +/- hormonal treatment. Reassurance with individualised progestogens type and dose will aid contraceptive-compliance. Conclusion While endometrial/decidual cast is not associated with a deleterious health effect, it can be distressing to patients and a diagnostic challenge to clinicians, unfamiliar with it. More research into underpinning pathways and disease associations is needed.
Awareness and Adherence to Health Care Facility Standards Among Health Workers in Selected Private Medium Clinics of Nifas Silik Lafto and Kolfe Subcities Adidis Abeba, Ethiopia, 2023
Authors:   Department of public health and, Kore Sifir Cheru ,   Rift Valley University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Published: June 2024

Background: Health workers adherence to health care facility standards is a complicated process. So, when health professionals comply with standards, they must first become aware of the standards, then intellectually agree with them, then decide to adopt them in the care they provide, and then regularly adhere to them at appropriate times. Health workers simply cannot be familiar with standards because they have not been communicated clearly. Commonly, providers are aware of standards but may hold beliefs or attitudes that inhibit them from adhering to them. Evidence on awareness and adherence to healthcare facility standards among health workers working in Private health facilities in low-income countries are poor. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness and adherence to healthcare facility standards among health workers in selected private medium clinics in Addis Ababa. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional descriptive study design was used to conduct the study, and the study units were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percent, were used in order to summaries variables. To determine the association between each variable, a binary logistic regression model was used, and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. OR and CI were used to see the strength of the association between the independent variables, awareness, and adherence. Result: A total of 372 participants were included in the study, which makes the response rate 100% with a mean age of 35.98 years. The majority, 56% of whom were male, and 72% were not heard about Ethiopian medium clinic standards, even though 95.8% of them had no on-the-job training on them. Further, 22.4% and 44.8% of the study participants had good levels of awareness and adherence, respectively. Factors such as the age interval of 21–25 years (AOR 0.19, 95% CI 0.06–0.60) and 26–30 years old (AOR 0.06, 95% CI (0.01, 0.32)) had a statistically significant association with a level of adherence as compared to the 20- and below-age groups. But not participating in informing about the Ethiopian medium clinic standard (AOR 1017.49, 95% CI (35.99, 28768.10) was the only variable that had a statistically significant association with level of awareness. Conclusion and recommendation: study result indicated that almost more than half of participants had poor levels of awareness and adherence towards the Ethiopian-medium clinics standards. Therefore, providing continuous per-recruitment and on-the-job educational training on Ethiopian-medium clinics supported by health institutions are essential.
Penolakan Hadis Ahad: Dari Mu'tazilah dan Jahmiyah hingga Tokoh Modern
Authors: Rafiq Muhamad Chaedar , Kosasih Engkos , Almighwar Muhammad , Abdullah Faiz , Fadllurrahman Irfan
Published: June 2024

This study examines the crucial role of Hadith Ahad in Islamic teachings, both in matters of faith (aqidah) and other aspects. If Hadith Ahad cannot be used as a proof (hujjah), many Islamic teachings understood and believed by the majority of Muslims would be displaced. This consequence highlights the importance of understanding and accepting the authority of Hadith Ahad in maintaining the continuity and integrity of Islamic teachings. Rejection of Hadith Ahad would have a broad impact on the understanding and beliefs of the Muslim community. The Mu’tazilah and Jahmiyah are groups that understand religious sources by prioritizing reason, which naturally leads to differences with other groups. This study covers the definition of Hadith Ahad and its authority, the Mu’tazilah and Jahmiyah sects' rejection of Hadith Ahad, and discusses the modern scholars' rejection of Hadith Ahad, especially in the establishment of faith (aqidah).
The influence of monetary policy on capital market in Georgia
Authors: Teryan Diana G.
Published: June 2024

Monetary policy tools and financial markets are closely interrelated. The bond between monetary policy changes and capital market fluctuations is more visible in more developed countries. Sometimes, the connection between central banks’ interest rates and private sector securities. such as corporate bonds and shares, can be considered weak. In the frame of this article, we analysed monetary policy and capital market relations in the Republic of Georgia to have an idea how different segments of capital market react to changes of National Bank of Georgia.
Coordination of Factors Characterizing Stable Economic Growth
Authors: Davtyan Kamo A.
Published: June 2024

Stable economic growth is a primary objective for many countries, serving as the foundation for poverty reduction, improved living standards, and the stable development of the country's economy. Various economists, at different times, have conducted both theoretical and empirical studies to identify and explain the underlying factors of economic growth and the extent of their impact on economic growth. these studies, using different theoretical and empirical methods, have highlighted various sets of parameters to explain economic growth. Additionally, the sentence mentions that these studies have proposed different approaches to understanding the factors affecting economic growth.
Financing and Pricing of Outpatient and Polyclinic Medical Care in Armenia
Authors: Aghajanyan Susanna S. , Vardanyan Tatevik G. , Badalyan Meri V. , Ayvazyan Anna A. , Arshakyan Ani H.
Published: June 2024

One crucial element within the healthcare system is healthcare financing, which should be coupled with a consistent increase in the allocation of public funds towards healthcare. This should involve a diverse range of funding sources, fair pricing for medical services, enhancements in payment mechanisms, and various other measures. Healthcare must take precedence in public spending, always prepared to address not only immediate challenges but also global ones.
Որքանո՞վ է ընդունելի արհեստական բանականության միջոցով ստեղծված նկարը Իսլամի կողմից / How acceptable is a picture created by artificial intelligence by Islam?
Authors: Mghdesyan Vahram V.
Published: June 2024

In my opinion, this work deals with a contemporary topic, which of course, has a very close connection with the study of Arabic studies, particularly from the perspective of Islam. It is well known in professional circles that Islam rejects the creation of a human image in any way through painting. This claim has its own logical explanation from the side of Islam, that is, it contradicts the idea of monotheism, because the human image can become an object of worship. Nowadays, the rapid growth of information technology is stimulating the emergence of a number of innovations, among them "artificial intelligence", which has challenged the world today. Of course, Islam is also an integral part of that world, which, with its rigid religious system, cannot intertwine with the innovative changes proposed by artificial intelligence. The purpose of this work is to understand to what extent an artificial intelligence image is acceptable by Islam, i.e. whether it is considered "halal" or "haram". By studying the opinions of some ulema, an attempt has been made in this work to highlight the current approaches to this issue from the perspective of Islam, and finally to understand whether what is created by postmodern intelligence is a human or a technical creation.
Հայ ռամկավար կուսակցությունը և դրա Կահիրեի ակումբի գործունեություն 1915-1921 թթ. / The Armenian Ramkavar Party and the activities of its Cairo Club in 1915-1921
Authors: Սարգսյան Սուրեն
Published: June 2024

The Ramkavar Azatakan Party (PRA), one of the traditional Armenian parties, was founded in 1921, as a result of the unification of the Armenakan founded in 1885 and other parties active in Armenian reality. The intermediate link in the Armenakan-PRA chain was the Armenian Constitutional Party Ramkavar (ACPR). During its existence (1908-1921), the party was on the side of the people and fought for them.
Some of the Armenians who escaped the genocide after the genocide found refuge in Egypt. The Ramkavars established their local structures here. One of them was the Cairo Club, which, continuing the pro-Armenian activities of the party, played its role in the preservation of Armenian identity.
Petros Tepoyan's views on Armenian national liberation about the struggle
Authors: Sargsyan Suren T.
Published: June 2024

The unprecedentedly politicized life of the Republic of Armenia received a new impetus after the Velvet Revolution. A large number of organizations announced themselves that directed and restrained unrest in society. Traditional parties with a unique political trajectory in Armenian life have also become more active. From the point of view of understanding today's processes and not repeating the mistakes of the past, it is more than important and relevant to highlight the successes they have achieved and the mistakes they have made.
The Armenian intellectual from the diaspora P. Tepoyan addressed these issues and expressed quite realistic assessments. He noted that the Armenians, being more developed than the peoples living on the territory of the Ottoman Empire, experienced an awakening in the second half of the 19th century, which became a prerequisite for the Armenian national liberation struggle. However, the economic and political interests of extremely unequal forces led to defeat as a result of the battle. After this, Armenian political leaders always connected the issue of resolving the “Armenian question” with the politics that is possible for our people. At the same time, the authors of the Hunchakian party program, called upon to lead the liberation struggle, being almost unfamiliar with the harsh conditions that developed in the Ottoman Empire, chose the wrong strategy and tactics. Their struggle was of a romantic nature and in many cases not united, with the result that the expected result was realized.
Main Problems of Medical Error in the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Hakobyan Anush V. , Manukyan Nonna R.
Published: June 2024

A medical error, regardless of whether it was committed due to carelessness, always affects the reputation of a medical worker. Perhaps, this is the reason for the paucity of existing literature on medical errors. Meanwhile, it is necessary to state that the study of such errors has great importance in the organization of quality control in the field of medical services. The analysis of the mechanism of errors should have a systemic character and lead to the development, development, strengthening of the practice and procedures of the healthcare system, and if necessary, be the basis for reviewing this system. In the opposite case, that is, the negation of the error, the masking of the error takes place, which aggravates the situation even more, making its possible prevention impossible.
Balanced Scorecard for management reporting: an information management mechanism for commercial organizations
Authors: Hakobyan Arpine S.
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the interest in the construction of the reporting system in accordance with strategic goals in commercial organizations has increased. In order to achieve strategic goals, managers of organizations are faced with the problem of managing large volumes of information formed at the operational level. The idea of the Balanced Scorecard developed by Norton and Kaplan can be used to manage that information. In the article, in accordance with the pre-defined objectives, the expediency of using the system of Balanced Scorecard for information management in the management accounting system is justified and a framework of managerial report prepared in four directions of Balanced Scorecard is proposed. According to the author, the implementation of the proposed report in the information system of commercial organizations will support the process of managerial decision making and the process of strategic goals implementation control, improving the mechanisms of information management in the management accounting system of commercial organizations.
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Student Performance and Evaluation Scores
Authors: Noel Erika R. , Mizuo Barry , Yamamoto Loren G. , Ishikawa Kyle M. , Chen John J. , Len Kyra A.
Published: June 2024

In March 2020, the University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine suspended in person clinical teaching due to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID) pandemic. During this period, virtual cases, telehealth participation, and online cases were incorporated into medical education. We have examined the effects of educational outcomes of third and fourth year students throughout clerkship performance, national standardized test scores, and our local fourth year OSCE examination. We found that USMLE step 2 scores were higher in the COVID-affected group. Patient logs in the COVID-affected group were lower for internal medicine, family medicine, OBGYN, and psychiatry clerkships. Clerkship performance grades in the COVID-affected group were lower for OBGYN and higher for surgery and psychiatry, but not different in other clerkships. USNBME subject specific examination scores in the COVID-affected group were higher for internal medicine, surgery, family medicine and psychiatry, but not different in all other specialties. For the fourth year OSCE, students in the COVID-affected group performed better on note taking and worse on physical examination. Future investigations will be needed to explore how our COVID-affected medical students perform in residency and beyond.
Newer Insights in Etiology and Pathogenesis of Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Palić Ilija , Djordjević-Vujičić Ana , Palić Djurdja
Published: June 2024

Neonatal sepsis is a pathophysiological response to the presence of microorganisms or their toxins in the blood during the first 28 days of life. Despite advances in neonatal intensive therapy and care, sepsis is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates, especially preterm and low birth weight neonates. Early neonatal sepsis manifests itself in the first 72 hours of life. The main risk factor for early neonatal sepsis is chorioamnionitis, and the most important causative are Streptococcus group B and Escherichia coli. Late neonatal sepsis manifests itself after 72 hours of life, and most often occurs in preterm neonates. Among the causative agents of late neonatal sepsis, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus dominates. The neonates are highly dependent of the innate immune system to defend against infection. In the pathophysiological response of the organism to infection, microcirculation, neutrophils and monocytes are first activated, and then the complement and the coagulation system. Also, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to tissue damage in neonatal sepsis. The delayed response of adaptive immunity in the neonatal period is compensated by transplacental transfer of IgG antibodies originated from the mother, but also the IgA antibodies that the neonates receive from mother's milk. Compared to adults, the immune response have quantitative and qualitative differences, which contributes to their increased susceptibility to infection.
Research: “They’re just not mature enough sometimes”: Teacher Candidates’ Languaging of Students and Criticality
Authors: Grove Emily , Ervin Jennifer , Gannon Madison
Published: June 2024

Working in an English education teacher preparation program that emphasizes Muhammad’s (2020, 2023) culturally and historically responsive literacy model, three graduate teaching assistants sought to understand how teacher candidates (TCs) in the program take up the learning pursuit of criticality in their planning and teaching. In this article, the authors discuss findings and implications from a qualitative study examining how four TCs languaged their understandings and enactments of criticality. Findings show that TCs’ definitions of criticality shaped their practice, sometimes limiting it based on the compatibility of TCs’ curriculum or priorities with their understandings of criticality. In addition, TCs’ deficit-framing of their students was a factor in how TCs explained the ways they did or did not take up criticality in their teaching. Implications from the study suggest a need to attend to the ways TCs language their students and conceive of criticality to support uptake of criticality in TCs’ planning and instructional practices.
Sale and Purchase Deed as Evidence in Resolving Land Sale and Purchase Default Disputes
Authors: Syamila Najma , Michellena Michellena , Puspita Salsabillah Ayu
Published: June 2024

Indonesia as a country of law adheres to the Civil Law system where the source of Law and all rules applied in Indonesia must be based on what has been codified or written in the form of a law. The type of research used is qualitative research derived from legal materials. The research approach method used is laws and regulations and a case approach, with the method of collecting data from literature studies and data analysis using normative juridical analysis. It is divided into several legal orders, one of which we know, namely Civil Law. The problems handled in the Civil Law are individual persons, for example, the sale and purchase of land where two parties are involved in a civil bond. In buying and selling, there is a need for an agreement, then generally there is a Deed of Sale and Purchase (AJB) which is an authentic deed and plays an important role in the process of buying and selling land as a sign that there has been a legal act between the parties. However, in reality, there is still a default in the sale and purchase of land after the issuance of the AJB where the seller cannot fulfill the rights of the buyer as stated in the AJB. If a civil dispute cannot be resolved using mediation, it can be resolved by submitting it to the court. In the settlement of civil disputes in court, there is evidence where evidence must be submitted to strengthen the argument. In this case, the Deed of Sale and Purchase can be used as evidence that is classified as an authentic deed of evidence.
The mothers’ index as an indicator of demographic security
Authors: Larchenko Anna
Published: June 2024

The Mothers’ Index was developed in 1998 and has been in use for ranking countries since 2000. The author advocates that this indicator should not only be used for cross-country analysis of maternal and child health but also as be part of the demographic indicators of national security in Belarus. A grouping of more developed countries in terms of the Mothers’ Index is proposed. The Mothers’, the Women’s and the Children’s Indices from 2007 to 2009 are calculated for Belarus, the post-Soviet countries and some EU countries.
Some applications of panel data models in small area estimation
Authors: Nekrašaite-Liege Vilma
Published: June 2024

This study uses a real population from Statistics Lithuania to investigate the performance of different types of estimation strategies. The estimation strategy is a combination of sampling design and estimation design. The sampling designs include equal probability design (SRS) and unequal probability designs (stratified SRS and model-based sampling designs). Design-based direct Horvitz-Thompson, indirect model-assisted GREG estimator and indirect model-based estimator are used to estimate the totals in small area estimation. The underlying panel-type models (linear fixed-effects type or linear random-effects type) are examined in both stages of estimation strategies: sample design and construction of estimators.
To misreport or not to report?, The case of the Italian survey on household income and wealth
Authors: Neri Andrea , Ranalli M. Giovanna
Published: June 2024

The objective of the paper is to adjust for the bias due to unit nonresponse and measurement error in survey estimates of total household financial wealth. Sample surveys are a useful source of information on household wealth. Yet, survey estimates are affected by nonsampling errors. In particular, when it comes to household wealth, unit nonresponse and measurement error can severely bias the estimates. Using the Italian Survey on Household Income and Wealth, we exploit the available auxiliary information in order to assess the magnitude of such a bias. We find evidence that for this kind of surveys, nonsampling errors are a major issue to deal with, possibly more serious than sampling errors. Moreover, in the case of SHIW the potential bias due to measurement error seems to outweigh by far that induced by nonresponse.
Estimation of quadratic finite, Population functions using calibration
Authors: Pumputis Dalius , Čiginas Andrius
Published: June 2024

Since the quadratic finite population functions can be expressed as totals over a synthetic population consisting of some ordered pairs of elements of the initial population, the traditional and penalized calibration technique is used to derive some calibrated estimators of the quadratic finite population functions. A linear combination of estimators discussed is considered as well. A comparison of approximate variances of the calibrated estimators is also presented. A simulation study is performed to analyze the empirical properties of the calibrated estimators of the finite population variance and covariance which appear as special cases of the quadratic functions. It is shown also how the calibrated estimators of the population covariance (variance) can be applied in regression estimation of the finite population total.
Percentile-adjusted estimation of poverty indicators for domains under outlier contamination
Authors: Veijanen Ari , Lehtonen Risto
Published: June 2024

Traditional estimation of poverty and inequality indicators, such as the Gini coefficient, for regions does not currently use auxiliary information or models fitted to income survey data. A predictor-type estimator constructed from ordinary mixed model predictions is not necessarily useful, as the predictions have too small spread for estimation of income statistics. Ordinary bias corrections are aimed at correcting the expectation of predictions, but poverty indicators would not be affected at all by a correction involving multiplication of predictions. We need a method improving the shape of the distribution of predictions, as poverty indicators describe differences of income between people. We therefore introduce a transformation bringing the percentiles of transformed predictions closer to the percentiles of sample values. The experiments show that the transformation results in smaller MSE of a predictor. If unit-level data from population are not available, the marginal domain frequencies of qualitative auxiliary variables can be successfully incorporated into a new calibration-based predictor-type estimator. The results are based on design-based simulation experiments where we use a population generated from an EU-wide income survey. The study is a part of the AMELI project funded by the European Union under the Seventh Framework Programme for research and technological development (FP7).
ಸೌಂದರ್ಯದ ಶುಚಿ
Authors: ಎ.ಕೆ. ಡಾ. ರವಿಶಂಕರ್
Published: June 2024

ಕಾವ್ಯವೆಂಬ ಸೌಂದರ್ಯವನ್ನು ಶುಚಿಗೊಳಿಸುವ ಕಾರ್ಯ ವಿಮರ್ಶಕನದು. ಶಿಲೆಯನ್ನು ಶುಚಿಗೊಳಿಸಿ, ಮೂರ್ತಿ ಸ್ವರೂಪ ನೀಡುವ ಶಿಲ್ಪಿಯಾಗಿ ವಿಮರ್ಶಕರು ಕಂಡುಬರುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಇವರಲ್ಲಿ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದ ಶುದ್ಧತೆ ತುಂಬಾ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದುದು. ಜಗತ್ತಿನ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಭಾವ ಸ್ವರೂಪವೂ ಕಾವ್ಯತತ್ವದ ಮೇಲೆ ರಚನೆಗೊಂಡಿದೆ. ಆದರೆ ಕಾವ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿಯೇ ಉಳಿದಿಲ್ಲ. ಗದ್ಯದ ವಿವಿಧ ಮಾದರಿಗಳಿಗೆ ತೆರೆದುಕೊಂಡಿದೆ. ಲೋಕವನ್ನು ಆಸ್ವಾದಿಸುವ ಸಹೃದಯನೊಳಗೆ ಈ ವಿಮರ್ಶಕ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಸಹೃದಯತೆಯ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಾ ಗುಣವೇ ವಿಮರ್ಶನ ಶಕ್ತಿ. ದೈನಂದಿನ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ವ್ಯವಹಾರಗಳಿಂದಲೂ, ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯದ ತತ್ತ್ವಚಿಂತನೆಯವರೆಗೆ ಈ ಸಹೃದಯತೆ ಹಾಗೂ ವಿಮರ್ಶಾ ಚಿಂತನೆಯಗಳು ಸದಾ ಪುನರಾವರ್ತನೆಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತವೆ.