bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocupações (im)prováveis: que cidade devém?
Authors: Andrade Elenise Cristina Pires
Published: September 2016

Fios-palavras-gestos em uma intimidade quase exposta. Momentos de produção de imagens que (se) pretendem deslugar: grafites em um muro de escola pública em Feira de Santana e oficinas de fotografias realizadas com alunos do ensino médio também de uma escola pública em Ichu (ambas no sertão baiano). Ações decorrentes do projeto de pesquisa “Cidades (des)enquadradas em imagens: experimentações (atra)versando o conceito de signo” que questiona: o que podem as imagens quando não pretendem explicar, ilustrar, registrar as cidades? Pretender, então, proliferar conexões, provocar a invenção de novas formas de olhar e vivenciar o mundo, a cidade, a produção de conhecimento, a expressão cultural dos artistas e estudantes no lugar das explicações e coerências. Propor, então, que a cidade não seja entendida, sentida, explorada apenas como cenário, mas sim máquina produtora de signos, expressão, conhecimentos. O conceito deleuziano de diagrama busca explorar e potencializar tais produções, pretendendo a desestabilização de uma política da representação para olhar, conhecer e inventar cidades. Provocar (na arte, na vida, na escrita, na educação, em lugar nenhum) rompantes de caos, desconsiderações às classificações e aos julgamentos morais.
A reconstrução de memórias da alimentação na formação inicial de professores de ciências: um reencontro com saberes, sabores, aromas e afetos
Authors: Bogado Adriana Marcela , Freitas Denise De
Published: September 2016

Neste texto discutimos diversos aspectos vinculados à alimentação a partir da análise de narrativas produzidas por estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, no marco de uma intervenção didática que envolveu o trabalho com a memória. Essa intervenção tinha como principal objetivo propiciar uma aproximação aos atributos socioculturais da alimentação, tanto em seus aspectos subjetivos coletivos como individuais. As narrativas foram submetidas à análise temática do conteúdo articulada a referencial sobre memória e práticas alimentares. Assim, foi possível identificar alguns aspectos relevantes que caracterizam as práticas alimentares rememoradas: a infância como momento marcante na aquisição de hábitos alimentares, resignificada à luz do momento atual; a comensalidade reconhecida como valor; diferentes formas de expressar a subjetividade em relação aos alimentos; o protagonismo das avós na memória gustativa e afetiva, e, finalmente, a introdução de mudanças nos hábitos alimentares.
Classroom assemblage: the vibrant setting of the schooling process
Authors: Lameu Paula Cristina
Published: September 2016

Some scholars and researchers have been claiming we are in a New Materialist and Posthumanist era. It means that for the ones who are researching in Social Sciences, the focus is not only the human as the centre and the cause of what happens in the social realm. For human, nonhuman and inhuman are attributed the same importance in research once all of them are components of reality, inserted in nature.Reality is regarded as complex, not simple straightforward isolated cause and effect processes. This is how the classroom is supposed to be observed in educational research: not only teaching and learning, but these two processes and policy making, and identity construction, and emotional flows, and curriculum, and schooling, and…, and…The purpose of this paper is to reflect upon the complexity of the classroom environment regarded as an assemblage. The hypothesis is that all the components of the assemblage are equally vital, although some components are more vibratory than others. The theory of Vitalism from Driesch (1914) and the Vital Materialism from Bennett (2010a, 2010b) are used as the theoretical tools for analysis. Assemblage Ethnography (YOUDELL, 2015; YOUDELL and MCGIMPSEY, 2015) is the methodology of data collection. A multiple case study was developed in three different schools in United Kingdom: one Primary, one Secondary and one Post-secondary. The results suggest that teacher and students are the components who most influence on the classroom assemblage composition, decomposition and recomposition orienting the flows of matter-energy once they are change-creating agents.
Art of Music, as Harmony of the Spheres and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Geetha Bharathi , Sugunadevi Thangaraj , Srija Babu , Laleethambika Nagarajan , Balachandar Vellingiri
Published: September 2016

Music has the innate potential to reach all parts of the brain, stimulates certain brain areas which are not achievable through other modalities. Music Therapy (MT) is being used for more than a century to treat individuals who needs personalized care. MT optimizes motor, speech and language responsibilities of the brain and improves cognitive performance. Pervasive developmentdisorder (PDD) is a multifaceted, neuro developmental disorder and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comes under PDD, which is defined by deficiencies in three principal spheres: social connection with others, communicative and normal movement skills. The conventional imaging studies illustrate reduced brain area connectivity in people with ASD, involving selected parts of the brain cortex. People with ASD express much interest in musical activities which engages the brain network areas and improves communication and social skills.The main objective of this review is to analyze the potential role of MT in treating the neurological conditions, particularly ASD. Evidence based studies have reported the extensive therapeutic application of music on various part of the brain in a nonverbal child with autism through hearing or making music.Hence we hypothesized that MT intervention can improve the communication capacity in people with ASD, than customary neurorestoration therapy alone.
The Source of the Symbolic Numerical Distance and Size Effects
Authors: Krajcsi Attila , Lengyel Gábor , Kojouharova Petia
Published: September 2016

Human number understanding is thought to rely on the analogue number system (ANS), working according to Weber’s law. We propose an alternative account, suggesting that symbolic mathematical knowledge is based on a discrete semantic system (DSS), a representation that stores values in a semantic network, similar to the mental lexicon or to a conceptual network. Here, focusing on the phenomena of numerical distance and size effects in comparison tasks, first we discuss how a DSS model could explain these numerical effects. Second, we demonstrate that DSS model can give quantitatively as appropriate a description of the effects as the ANS model. Finally, we show that symbolic numerical size effect is mainly influenced by the frequency of the symbols, and not by the ratios of their values. This last result suggests that numerical distance and size effects cannot be caused by the ANS, while the DSS model might be the alternative approach that can explain the frequency-based size effect.
Perception of Psycho-Social School Environment, Personal Growth Initiative and Fear of Failure among EAMCET Aspirants
Authors: Sanyal Nandini , Fernandes Tina , Hazari Zaina
Published: September 2016

The objective of the present study is to investigate whether there is a relationship between perception of psycho-social school environment, personal growth initiative and fear of failure in intermediate students. The study also aimed to observe whether there are gender differences between students going to colleges (viz. with EAMCET coaching and without EAMCET coaching) in terms of psycho-social school environment, personal growth initiative and fear of failure in intermediate students. The School Environment Inventory (Misra, 1984), the Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II (Robitschek et al., 2012) and the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (Conroy et. al., 2002) were administered on 300 intermediate students (150 boys and 150 girls) selected through a non-probability purposive sampling technique to measure the perception of psycho-social school environment, personal growth initiative and fear of failure respectively. The results indicated significant gender differences between the students going to colleges with coaching and the students going to colleges without coaching with respect to perception of psycho-social school environment and personal growth initiative (p<0.05). However, no significant gender differences were observed in fear of failure and its dimensions (p>0.05). Among students going to colleges with coaching negative correlations were observed between rejection, fear of experiencing shame and embarrassment  and personal growth initiative, moreover in this group, creative stimulation, cognitive encouragement and permissiveness (p<0.05) were positively correlated with using resources and negatively correlated with fears of important others losing interest (p<0.05). Also personal growth initiative was positively correlated with fears of upsetting important others and cognitive encouragement (p<0.05) in students going to colleges without coaching. The present study reiterates that perception of school environment by students is of paramount importance in promoting or hindering the student’s personal growth initiative and subsequently their fear of failure.
Accurate Evaluation of Marcellus Shale Petrophysical Properties
Authors: Elsaig M. , Aminian K. , Ameri S. , Zamirian M.
Published: September 2016

The advances in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal well technology have unlocked considerable natural gas reserves contained in the shale formations. Reliable values of the shale key petrophysical properties including permeability and porosity are necessary to estimate the original gas-in-place, predict the production rates, and optimize the hydraulic fracturing treatments. The quantification of the key shale petrophysical properties however remain challenging due to complex nature of the shale foramtions. Unsteady state techniques are commonly used to estimate permeability of the shale samples because the shales typically have permeability values in nano-Darcy range. The measured permeability values by these techniques however suffer from a large margin of uncertainty and reproducibility problems. Furthermore, the unsteady state measurements cannot be performed under the reservoir stress and temperature conditions.

In this study, a fully automated laboratory set-up, which has been designed and constructed for the evaluation of the ultra-low permeability petrophysical properties under the reservoir conditions, was utilized to measure the porosity and permeability of the Marcellus shale core plugs. The core plugs were obtained from a vertical well drilled specifically for the laboratory research and other scientific purposes (science well) on the site of the Marcellus Shale Energy and Environment Laboratory (MSEEL). MSEEL is a field site and dedicated laboratory in the Marcellus Shale unconventional production region of north-central West Virginia. The filed site is owned and operated by Northeast Natural Energy, LLC and contains several horizontal Marcellus Shale wells. MSEEL provides a unique opportunity to undertake field and laboratory research to advance and demonstrate new subsurface technologies and to enable surface environmental studies related to unconventional energy development.

One of the core plugs obtained from the science well was used in this study for the evaluation of reliable Marcellus Shale petrophysical properties. The permeability of the core plug was measured under different gas pressures at constant net stress. The absolute permeability was then determined by applying the appropriate gas slippage correction. The porosity and the permeability of the core plug were then measured under a wide range of net stress. The measured porosity and permeability values were found to be sensitive to the stress. The permeability measurement results exhibited two distinctive behaviors with respect to the net stress that can be attributed to the natural fracture and matrix properties. The experimental results were then utilized to determine the natural fracture closure stress. The measurements also revealed that gas adsorption, when an adsorbent gas was used for the mesurements, resulted in a reduction in the absolute permeability of the sample.
Improving Frac Water Disinfection While Lowering Treatment Costs
Authors: Roccon R. J. , Garland R. W. , Mashayekhi A.
Published: September 2016

It is now well known that effective microbiological control is a critical component of any success-fully executed hydraulic fracturing operation. However, a debate still rages over where disinfection needs to occur. One opinion advocates above ground treatment, where the frac water is fully disinfected before entering the formation, while a second opinion focuses on biocide addition to the blender, and hence the formation, to adequately kill deleterious microbes that might already exist downhole. There is no universally accepted process, but it has been generally accepted that disinfection utilizing both approaches is too costly to consider, especially considering today's energy market conditions.

This paper will discuss a new, patented low-cost approach to above ground frac water disinfection, that when combined with a blender applied "preservative" treatment yields superior disin-fection results at a lower cost than traditional frac water disinfection processes.

A slight variation of the process has been utilized over the past 24 months with two Northeast opera-tors, providing disinfection results equal to or better than the previous programs at a significant savings to the operator.
Deep Dry Utica Well Spacing Analysis with Case Study
Authors: Belyadi Hoss , Yuyi Joseph , Ahmad Mian , Wyatt John
Published: September 2016

Well spacing is one of the biggest decisions in a field development in unconventional shale plays. Not having optimized well spacing will either cost the operators additional capital or increase potential for unearned revenue. Well spacing must be close enough to contact as much stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) as possible, while taking advantage of time value of money. However, it must be far enough to minimize fracture interference (well to well interference and frac hits) and over-capitalization in a field development. Well spacing is impacted by many factors. The most important parameters requiring more study are matrix permeability, fracture half-length, dimensionless fracture conductivity (impacted by completions design), reservoir properties, capital expenditure, operating costs, and gas pricing.

Deep dry Utica/Point Pleasant Shale is a new resource with limited data. The optimum well spacing in deep dry Utica is yet to be determined. This paper goes through a practical workflow that can be used to estimate the optimum well spacing based on various forecasts obtained from various half-length, permeability, and dimensionless fracture conductivity assumptions using hybrid or numerical models. In addition, a sensitivity analysis will be performed on the impact of gas pricing, capital expenditure, OPEX, permeability, and conductivity on the optimum spacing design selection. To create long term value for the shareholders, well spacing must be selected based on NPV. Production volumes could be important to the strategic development of a company, but the single economic parameter that creates long term value for the shareholders of a company is NPV. Therefore, NPV is used to optimize well spacing in this analysis. A case study from a successful deep dry Utica well located in Westmoreland County, PA will also be reviewed and presented as part of the workflow in this paper.
Marcellus Shale Production Facility Emissions: Overcoming Challenges in the Liquids-Rich Area
Authors: Porter M. D. , Natili R. , Strathman A.
Published: September 2016

Operators in the Marcellus Shale are constantly looking for ways to reduce potential emissions from production facilities. As regulations and various industry best practices evolve, facility designs and equipment must evolve as well. Examined are facilities design improvements and successful operational procedures to eliminate or significantly reduce emissions.

By taking a proactive approach, operators can reduce emissions significantly. The key elements to a successful emissions reduction program include: (1) a facilities design and operational philosophy that takes emission controls into consideration, (2) a comprehensive maintenance program that addresses all unplanned or unintended releases encountered during optical gas imaging inspections that allows for feedback to facilitate corrective action, and (3) a focused plan for improving technology to diminish the quantity of future leaks and general emissions. Applying enhanced technology, and lessons learned to older designs is often the most efficient measure for reducing potential emissions. While these elements are crucial, equally important is the historical defining and tracking of actual identified leaks and documentation of corrective actions that have been taken.

A field study produced data essential to understanding the emissions released on a field and pad level and set a foundation for a regular, semi-annual inspection protocol. Using detailed data analysis resulting from inspections, the most common areas where leaks occur within production facilities are identified. Specifically, the majority of repetitive leaks occur on atmospheric production stock tanks. By installing enhanced quality tank relief valves, the vast majority of emissions are eliminated. This is supported by a discussion of improvements to reduce emissions from tank equipment. Field data demonstrates that the implementation of a leak detection program reduces the number of actual leaks over time and allows for a sustainable, cost-effective maintenance program. This is evident on a pad and field level.

Production facility emissions can be mitigated utilizing effective production facility designs and technologies. The present work offers an improved understanding of how technological evolutions can support effective design solutions and processes in a modern shale gas development.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Engineered Completion Design Based on Lateral Reservoir Characterization in Unconventional Resource Plays: An Eagle Ford Case Study
Authors: Sarmah B. B. , Garrison N. , Fisher R. , Brown T.
Published: September 2016

Characterization of the lateral heterogeneity of reservoir properties is an important consideration during the design of horizontal completion operations in unconventional plays. Traditional geometric designs do not differentiate adjoining rocks based on lateral heterogeneity. This paper presents an academic case study from the Eagle Ford shale play in which the authors analyze and validate an engineering design using observations from an operator's completion design-based fracturing operation. The paper also proposes a low-cost, low-risk solution workflow for these unconventional reservoirs.

An unbiased and repeatable fracture stage and perforation cluster optimization program was used for the engineered design. The input for the engineered design originated from a two-dimensional (2D) petrophysical and geomechanical model. This model was constructed using correlative property modeling that used openhole (OH) logs from an offset vertical well and a calibrated casedhole (CH) pulsed neutron log (PNL) that was acquired in the lateral. A conventional OH logging suite was also run in the same lateral, which was compared to the calibrated log data as a part of the validation process.

The resultant 2D property model provided an appropriate representation of the subsurface reservoir properties. Lateral variations of those properties were duly addressed by optimizing the fracture stage and perforation clusters. This workflow also accounted for the relative position of the wellbore, with respect to the stratigraphic and the reservoir boundaries, as predicted by the 2D property model. During execution of the operator's completion design, reservoir properties were carefully observed and compared with those predicted by the 2D property model and the engineered design derived from the same. These observations validated the properties and justified the optimizations in the completions program and the modifications necessary. For example, a number of stages during the stimulation treatment were initially unsuccessful, thus allowing less than 10% of the total designed proppant to be pumped. During evaluation of the post-stimulation results, it was observed that these zones were identified as less promising by the 2D property model-derived engineered design because of unfavorable reservoir properties. The engineered design model recommended not completing these zones.

The observations from this study showed that completion operations in a long lateral should be designed to account for the lateral variability of the reservoir. The engineered completion design optimized hydraulic fracture stages and perforation clusters based on the petrophysical similarity and merits of the adjoining sections. The methods presented helped mitigate risk and supported rigless operations for characterization in a cost-sensitive environment, thus reducing the costs and effects of hydraulic fracturing operations.
Influencing Fracture Growth With Stage Sequencing
Authors: Yuyi Joseph , Donahoe Thomas , VanGilder Criss , Dohmen Ted , Squires Christopher
Published: September 2016

This paper discusses a well-to-well spacing test on a 5 well pad in the Utica Shale that was stimulated with a unique stage sequencing plan. The stage sequencing plan provides an improved understanding of the way that fracture growth can be influenced by subsurface pressure differentials created by newly fractured, shut-in and depleted wells.

Chemical (water) tracers and oil tracers were pumped into the center well of the 5 well pad. The non-traced wells on the pad, along with 2 wells on an adjacent pad, were all sampled during flowback and production. The samples were analyzed for the presence of oil and chemical tracers to determine the extent and degree of well-to-well communication. Additionally, surface microseismic data was collected and used to further assist in the study of the fracture growth. The tracer communication and microseismic data were represented together in a 3D visualization of the well pads.

Generally, the tracers and microseismic events show that there is more extensive fracture growth from a treatment well to offsetting wells when there is no hydraulic pressure barrier between them. Better fracture containment and symmetry was observed on stages that were bounded on both sides by wells that were just fractured. Data from the study show that proper sequencing of the completions can mitigate the tendency for fractures to preferentially grow towards depleted wells.

The study will therefore illustrate the value of tracer and microseismic data for understanding additional or new knowledge about multi-well pad stage sequencing and its role in fracture growth, and overall future well planning strategy.
Impact of Nanomaterials on the Rheological and Filtration Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids
Authors: Salih A. H. , Elshehabi T. A. , Bilgesu H. I.
Published: September 2016

Nanomaterials are the new additives for drilling fluids that can improve its properties and eliminate problems due to increased downtime and well costs. The objective of this research is to select the optimum concentration of nanoparticles that enhance drilling fluid properties and hydraulics. This study investigates the effects of commercially available nanoparticles on the rheological and filtration properties and optimizes the hydraulics of water-based drilling fluids.

In this study, the samples were prepared as water-based muds with and without various concentrations of 5.7 nm colloidal silica dioxide nanoparticles. Series of laboratory experiments were carried out for all samples using standard API Low Pressure Low Temperature (LPLT) filtration and rheological tests. Two mud systems at different pH conditions were used to evaluate the impact of nanoparticles. A commercial software was used to evaluate the impact of the nanoparticles on the Equivalent Circulation Density (ECD) and the circulation pressure loss in a deviated wellbore.

Results show enhancements in the rheological and filtration properties for water-based muds treated by the nanoparticles used in this study with concentrations below 0.7% by weight. Furthermore, the results show the ability of these nanoparticles to make the filter cake consistent, compacted, and thin. The results reflect the negative impact of the nanoparticles with concentrations above 0.7% by weight on some of the rheological properties. The optimum nanomaterial concentrations with the best properties were observed as (0.1%-0.3%) by weight. Furthermore, the concentration of 0.1% by weight reflected the significant reduction in the ECD and the circulating pressure loss.

Nanoparticles used in this research can play a vital role in reducing drilling problems. Multilateral wells, slim holes and deep horizontal wells can be drilled by using water-based mud with the addition of proper nanoparticles and eliminating the need for oil-based muds that are expensive and environmentally unacceptable. However, it is critical to select the proper size and concentration of nanoparticles in order to eliminate its negative impact on the drilling fluid properties.
Using Improved Decline Curve Models for Production Forecasts in Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Paryani M. , Ahmadi M. , Awoleke O. , Hanks C.
Published: September 2016

The flow behavior in nano-darcy shales neighbored by high conductivity induced natural fractures violates the assumptions behind Arps' decline models that have been successfully used in conventional reservoirs for decades. Current decline curve analysis models such as Logistic Growth Analyses, Power Law Exponential and Duong's model attempt to overcome the limitations of Arps' model. This study compares the capability of these models to match the past production of hundred shale oil wells from the Eagle Ford and investigate how the choice of residual function affects the estimate of model parameters and subsequently the well life, pressure depletion and ultimate recovery.

Using the proposed residual functions increased the tendency of deterministic models to have bounded estimates of reserves. Results regarding well performance, EUR, drainage area and pressure depletion are obtained quickly and show realistic distributions supported by production hindcasts and commercial reservoir simulators.

Overall, the PLE and Arps' hyperbolic models predicted the lowest/pessimistic and highest/optimistic remaining life/reserves respectively. The newly proposed residual functions were thereafter used with the Arps' hyperbolic and LGA models. We found that the use of rate-time residual functions increased the likelihood of the value of hyperbolic exponent being less than 1 by 87.5%.

The proposed residual functions can be used to provide optimistic and conservative estimations of remaining reserves and remaining life using any of the above decline models for economic analysis. The key results provided by the modified DCA models help in long-term planning of operations necessary for optimal well completions and field development, accomplished in a fraction of the time currently required by other complex software and workflows.
Relación entre el consumo de alcohol y relaciones sexuales en adolescentes
Authors: Ceballos Ospino Guillermo Augusto , Rodríguez-De Ávila Ubaldo
Published: September 2016

Varios autores han encontrado relación entre el consumo de alcohol y el haber tenido relaciones sexuales en adolescentes. Consumir alcohol entre los adolescentes es cada día más frecuente, tal vez por al hecho de que su consumo está más extendido y normalizado que el de otras sustancias.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO MEIO SOBRE O EMPREENDEDORIMSO A PARTIR DAS DIMENSÕES NORMATIVA, REGULATIVA E COGNITIVA
Authors: Borges William José , Mondo Tiago Savi , Machado Hilka Vier
Published: September 2016

A relação entre empreendedorismo e meio é consequência de uma interação de teorias, tornando possível criar relações entre o desenvolvimento empreendedor e o ambiente que o propulsiona. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar como estudos que consideram o meio e como atividades empreendedoras são influenciadas, levando-se em conta os elementos normativo, regulativo e cognitivo abordados por Busenitz et al. (2000). A pesquisa é considerada descritiva-interpretativa de levantamento teórico. Os principais resultados, indicam grande influência entre as dimensões normativa, regulativa e cognitiva, e uma complementaridade desses elementos quando observados a longo prazo, o qual é visto por meio de informações transmitidas através da interatividade entre os agentes e instituições de uma região. As interações dos agentes com os elementos do meio acarretam em uma sinergia, pois a concentração de elementos pertencentes às três dimensões, simultaneamente, cria uma região denominada “ambiente empreendedor” capaz de contribuir com o fomento do empreendedorismo.

http://dx.doi.org/10.21714/pretexto.v17i2.2838
SIMPLICIDADE VOLUNTÁRIA: ESCOLHENDO UMA NOVA FORMA DE VIVER
Authors: Hor-Meyll Luis Fernando , Moreira da Silva Renata Celi
Published: September 2016

O estudo investigou motivações de consumidores para adotar a simplicidade voluntária e os impactos causados em suas vidas. Durante dez meses, foram acompanhados os debates de um grupo sobre o tema no Facebook e conduzidas treze entrevistas em profundidade com participantes do grupo. Através de análise de conteúdo, surgiram evidências de que as principais motivações para a adoção da simplicidade voluntária são de natureza pessoal, levando a mudanças que afetam ocupação profissional, moradia, transporte, alimentação, consumo e descarte de bens, organização pessoal e consciências ecológica e social. Diversos benefícios da adoção da vida simples foram apontados, além de algumas consequências negativas para a vida dos adotantes. São oferecidas proposições decorrentes do estudo para orientar pesquisas futuras.

http://dx.doi.org/10.21714/pretexto.v17i2.3772
O DISCURSO DO CONSUMO MORALISTA, NA REVISTA TURMA DA MÔNICA JOVEM
Authors: Setubal Flávia Meneguelli Ribeiro , Rebouças Moema Martins
Published: September 2016

A proposta do artigo é contribuir no âmbito educacional e dos estudos do consumo, desenvolvendo uma análise crítica da revista em quadrinhos Turma da Mônica Jovem (TMJ), dentro dos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos dos estudos da semiótica discursiva, tendo como pano de fundo a sociedade de consumo atual. O corpus é formado pela edição 58, intitulada “Conflito de Gerações”, com o objetivo de identificar como o discurso do consumo moralista é apropriado pela revista, bem como que estratégias enunciativas são utilizadas para inscrever o público infantojuvenil neste discurso. Os resultados apontam para um alerta ao consumo desordenado de informações na internet, reiterando uma característica marcante do público infantojuvenil de TMJ, uma vez que seu discurso figurativiza essa relação jovens x tecnologia, o tempo todo. Ainda, a categoria de consumo moralista tem foco no público masculino, colocando os meninos como personagens principais das tramas ou situações apresentadas.

http://dx.doi.org/10.21714/pretexto.v17i2.4085
Are We Economically Efficient Enough to Increase the Potential of in Vitro Proliferation of Osteoblasts by Means of Pharmacochemical Agents?
Authors: Isyar Mehmet , Gumustas Seyit Ali , Yilmaz Ibrahim , Sirin Duygu Yasar , Tosun Hacı Bayram , Mahirogullari Mahir
Published: September 2016

Background:

The aim of this study was to test the necessity of using expensive and unaccesible pharmacological-chemical agents in the proliferation of bone tissue cultures and in the induction of mineralized matrix formation to increase the osteogenic effect.

Methods:

For this purpose, human primary cell cultures were prepared and then divided into two groups. Whereas the cells in group I were fed with an osteoblast stimulator medium containing Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and β-glycerophosphate, the cells in group II were fed with DMEM containing dexamethasone and 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt. Both groups were evaluated in terms of viability, toxicity, and proliferation and then compared in terms of cell surface morphology through inverted light and environmental scanning electron microscopy. In addition to immunoflow cytometric analyses, the effects of alkaline phosphatase activities were evaluated using the spectrophotometric method to examine the osteoblastic activities. Costs were calculated in the currency of the European Union (Euros). The Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test was used to reach the statistical evaluation of the data after the analysis of variance.

Results:

It was reported that the level of the alkaline phosphates was higher in group I compared to group II. It was observed that the surface morphology quality, the number of living cells, and proliferation were higher in group II and that the results were deemed statistically significant.

Conclusion:

It was found that the 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt and dexamethasone mixture was as effective as the expensive commercial kits on the osteogenic effect on human primary bone tissue.
Rapid and Decentralized Human Waste Treatment by Microwave Radiation
Authors: Nguyen Tu Anh , Babel Sandhya , Boonyarattanakalin Siwarutt , Koottatep Thammarat
Published: September 2016

This study evaluates the technical feasibility of using microwave radiation for the rapid treatment of human feces. Human feces of 1000 g were radiated with a commercially available household microwave oven (with rotation) at different exposure time lengths (30, 50, 60, 70, and 75 mins) and powers (600, 800, and 1000 W). Volume reduction over 90% occurred after 1000 W microwave radiation for 75 mins. Pathogen eradiation performances of six log units or more at a high range of microwave powers were achieved. Treatments with the same energy input of 1000 Wh, but at lower powers with prolonged exposure times, significantly enhanced moisture removal and volume reduction. Microwave radiation caused carbonization and resulted in a more stable end product. The energy content of the samples after microwave treatment at 1000 W and 75 mins is 3517 ± 8.85 calories/g of dried sample, and the product can also be used as compost.
“Así nos tocó vivir”. Práctica de la comunidad y territorios de reciprocidad en la Sierra Mixe de Oaxaca
Authors: Denicourt Jérémie
Published: September 2016

En este artículo se presenta el estudio y la reflexión sobre los procesos de territorialidad en la región mixe que se ubica al noroeste del estado de Oaxaca, al sur de México. A través de una investigación etnográfica, se examinaron formas de territorialización en un pueblo en específico. Se estudiaron la historia, costumbres y tradiciones de éste para conocer cómo funcionan las instituciones y sus prácticas sociales específicas que vinculan y concretan la relación con el espacio y constituyen la vida colectiva. Esta investigación intenta contribuir a la reflexión epistemológica sobre comunidades y territorios indígenas en México, subrayando la importancia de las relaciones de reciprocidad. Por consiguiente, se llega a una conceptualización de la comunidad indígena como práctica concreta y del territorio como red de relaciones.
Gobernar territorialidades transfronterizas. Seguridad y “desarrollo con identidad” aymara en la triple frontera del norte de Chile (Chile-Perú-Bolivia)
Authors: Rouvière Laetitia
Published: September 2016

Apoyado en el caso de la Alianza Estratégica Aymaras sin Fronteras entre Chile, Perú y Bolivia el texto aborda el papel específico de la parte chilena en la construcción de un espacio político transfronterizo. Interpreta la aparición de territorios de acción pública “autónomos” e indígenas como una manifestación paradójica de la consolidación del Estado. El gobierno del territorio chileno se basa en una combinación de seguridad y liberalismo económico: ¿cómo estos dos ejes se insertan en un proyecto transfronterizo, liderado por autoridades marginales e indígenas? ¿Cuáles son las especificidades de los alcaldes aymaras chilenos en este proceso? El artículo resalta un movimiento de seguritización del espacio transfronterizo por la elaboración de políticas de “desarrollo con identidad” aymara. Se trata de facilitar la movilidad transfronteriza y los intercambios entre aymaras, pero según normas que coinciden con las políticas fronte­rizas de seguridad chilenas; el gobierno del territorio chileno encuentra un relevo eficaz en la propia acción de élites indígenas, quienes confirman la posición de Chile como vector de “buenas prácticas” institucionales en la región.
The Böhler’s angle in population of central Serbia - a radiological study
Authors: Zivanovic-Macuzic Ivana , Vulovic Maja , Vojinovic Radisa , Jovanovic Milan , Radunovic Aleksandar , Milev Bosko , Cvetkovic Aleksandar , Stojiljkovic Milos , Milosevic Bojan , Ivosevic Anita , Aksic Milan , Simovic Aleksandra , Jeremic Dejan
Published: September 2016

Background/Aim. The values of the B?hler?s angle (BA) are relevant parameters for diagnosis, management and prognosis of the calcaneal fracture and the outcome. Range of normal values of B?hler?s angle (BA) in adults varies depending on the examined population, age, gender or ethnicity. The aim of this study was to determine the range of normal values of the B?hler?s angle in the central part of Serbia. Methods. The lateral foot radiographs of 225 subjects (111 males and 114 females) without calcaneal fractures, divided into 6 age groups were observed to determine the normal values of the B?hler?s angle by using the IMPAX 6.5.2.114 Enterprise software. Obtained values for B?hler?s angle were compared among gender and groups using appropriate statistical tests. Results. The mean of B?hler?s angle in observed population was 34.06?, ranging from 25.1? to 49.5? and was higher in males than in females included in our study. Gender difference was statistically significant. The distribution of the mean BA across the age groups showed tendency of decreasing with age and the highest BA was found in the youngest group. Conclusion. The findings presented in this paper confirmed the existence of wide range of BA values as well as its gender and age differences.
The Influence of Internet Banking on the Efficiency and Cost Savings for Banks’ Customers
Authors: Jolly Vidhya
Published: September 2016

The world is developing; the internet has become one important tool in life. Its proper use can create wonders. This research paper is about how the internet is used by Indian banks and how it has changed the face of banking. The study is limited to Kochi alone. Internet banking has its advantages: primarily it is cost efficient. Using internet banking customers can do most of their bank transactions online; almost all of the transactions are possible. Adding to the advantages these transactions require only an internet connection and a computer. These facilities are not limited to the working hours of the bank; one can avail these services24 hours a day, 7 days a week. But proficiency to use these facilities properly is the main challenge. This study is based upon the review taken from part of the Kochi population who are Customers of State Bank of India and ICICI bank.  Day by day customers using internet banking is on the rise. Also, internet banking is not limited to the bank transactions alone, it can be used as a mode of payment to registered merchants. This makes the regular payments, like that of electricity, water, mobile bill etc. very easy. Any tool can be efficient only if it is used properly. How cost effective and popular is the usage of online banking tool in Kochi is the major problem under investigation.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 163-170
Gold ETFs vs. Equity ETFs: Comparative Analysis of their Performance
Authors: Naveen Kumara R.
Published: September 2016

Exchange-traded funds (henceforth, ETFs) are passive investment vehicles which have become increasingly popular in a relatively short period of time due the benefits they provide when compared to Mutual Funds and other similar investment avenues. This study has been carried out to analyze the points of distinction between the two very popular forms of ETFs namely Gold ETFs and Equity ETFs. These funds are similar in their functioning however it is necessary to understand the difference in their performance so as to be able to choose the right market instrument for investing our money. Our research project aims at understanding this difference because performance is one of the major factors affecting the popularity of any investment option.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 222-227
Physical Activity Levels in Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes
Authors: Currie Sarah , Greenwood Krista , Weber Lara , Khakee Hussein , Legasto Michelle , Tullis Elizabeth , Wu Kenneth , Tsang Anna , Szego Erika , Mathur Sunita
Published: September 2016

Purpose: The literature on physical activity (PA) in adults with cystic fibrosis, particularly in those with cystic fibrosis–related diabetes (CFRD), is limited. PA may be an important part of blood glucose management in CFRD. The purpose of this study was to describe PA levels in adults with CFRD and determine their adherence to the Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA) aerobic exercise training guidelines. Methods: Adults with CFRD were recruited from a hospital-based CF clinic. PA was measured using the Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall (telephone interview), adherence to CFRD management with the Self-Care Inventory–Revised (questionnaire), and blood glucose control from glycated hemoglobin levels documented in participants' medical chart within 3 months. Results: Eighteen adults (mean age 41 [SD 9] y) with diagnosed CFRD participated in the study. They varied in volume of PA (range 13,080–17,362 metabolic equivalent min/wk). Of the study participants, 12 (67%) met the CDA guidelines of 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA per week with no more than 2 consecutive days without exercise. No differences were found in clinical factors between those who met the aerobic exercise guidelines and those who did not. Conclusion: The majority of individuals with CFRD are meeting the recommended amount of aerobic PA. The factors influencing PA and blood glucose control in adults with CFRD require further investigation.
Impact of insurance precertification on neurosurgery practice and health care delivery
Authors: Menger Richard P. , Thakur Jai Deep , Jain Gary , Nanda Anil
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE

Insurance preauthorization is used as a third-party tool to reduce health care costs. Given the expansion of managed care, the impact of the insurance preauthorization process in delaying health care delivery warrants investigation through a diversified neurosurgery practice.

METHODS

Data for 1985 patients were prospectively gathered over a 12-month period from July 1, 2014, until June 30, 2015. Information regarding attending, procedure, procedure type, insurance type, need for insurance approval, number of days for authorization, or insurance denial was obtained. Delay in authorization was defined as any wait period greater than 7 days. Some of the parameters were added retrospectively to enhance this study; hence, the total number of subjects may vary for different variables.

RESULTS

The most common procedure was back surgery with instrumentation (28%). Most of the patients had commercial insurance (57%) while Medicaid was the least common (1%). Across all neurosurgery procedures, insurance authorization, on average, was delayed 9 days with commercial insurance, 10.7 days with Tricare insurance, 8.5 days with Medicare insurance, 11.5 days with Medicaid, and 14.4 days with workers' compensation. Two percent of all patients were denied insurance preauthorization without any statistical trend or association. Of the 1985 patients, 1045 (52.6%) patients had instrumentation procedures. Independent of insurance type, instrumentation procedures were more likely to have delays in authorization (p = 0.001). Independent of procedure type, patients with Tricare (military) insurance were more likely to have a delay in approval for surgery (p = 0.02). Predictably, Medicare insurance was protective against a delay in surgery (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Choice of insurance provider and instrumentation procedures were independent risk factors for a delay in insurance preauthorization. Neurosurgeons, not just policy makers, must take ownership to analyze, investigate, and interpret these data to deliver the best and most efficient care to our patients.
Presurgical evaluation of pediatric epilepsy patients prior to hemispherotomy: the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Traub-Weidinger Tatjana , Weidinger Philip , Gröppel Gundrun , Karanikas Georgios , Wadsak Wolfgang , Kasprian Gregor , Dorfer Christian , Dressler Anastasia , Muehlebner Angelika , Hacker Marcus , Czech Thomas , Feucht Martha
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to investigate whether fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET (18F-FDG PET) can help to predict seizure outcome after hemispherotomy and therefore may be useful in decision making and patient selection.

METHODS

Children and adolescents less than 18 years of age who underwent 18F-FDG PET studies during presurgical evaluation prior to hemispherotomy and had follow-up data of at least 12 months after surgery were included. Seizure outcome was classified according to the recommendations of the International League Against Epilepsy. PET data were reevaluated by two specialists in nuclear medicine blinded to clinical data and to MRI. MRI studies were also reinterpreted visually by an experienced neuroradiologist blinded to clinical data and PET findings.

RESULTS

Thirty-five patients (17 girls) with a median age of 5 years (range 0.4–17.8 years) were evaluable. Of the 35 patients, 91.4% were seizure free after surgery, including 100% of those with unilateral 18F-FDG-PET hypometabolism compared with only 75% of those with bilateral hypometabolism. With respect to MRI, seizure freedom after surgery was observed in 96.4% of the patients with unilateral lesions compared with only 71.4% in those with bilateral MRI lesions. The best seizure outcomes were noted in patients with unilateral findings in both PET and MRI (100% seizure freedom) whereas only 50% of those with bilateral findings in both imaging techniques were seizure free. Furthermore, 100% of the patients with unilateral PET hypometabolism and bilateral MRI findings were also seizure free, but only 87.5% of those with bilateral PET hypometabolism and unilateral MRI findings.

CONCLUSIONS

According to these results, candidate selection for hemispherotomy can be optimized by the use of 18F-FDG PET as part of a multimodal presurgical evaluation program, especially in patients with inconsistent (bilateral) MRI findings.