bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural variation in stress response induced by low CO2 in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wu Chunxia , Sun Yulou , Yang Guang , Li Li , Sun Wei , Wang Zenglan , Zhang Hui , Li Yuanyuan
Published: December 2020

Variation in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration can dictate plant growth and development and shape plant evolution. For paired populations of 31 Arabidopsis accessions, respectively, grown under 100 or 380 ppm CO2, we compared phenotypic traits related to vegetative growth and flowering time. Four accessions showed the least variation in measured growth traits between 100 ppm CO2 and 380 ppm CO2 conditions, though all accessions exhibited a dwarf stature with reduced biomass under low CO2. Our comparison of accessions also incorporated the altitude (indicated in meters) above sea level at which they were originally collected. Notably, An-1 (50 m), Est (50 m), Ws-0 (150 m), and Ler-0 (600 m) showed the least differences (lower decrease or increase) between treatments in flowering time, rosette leaf number, specific leaf weight, stomatal density, and less negative δ13C values. When variations for all traits and seedset were considered together, Ws-0 exhibited the least change between treatments. Our results showed that physiological and phenotypic responses to low CO2 varied among these accessions and did not correlate linearly with altitude, thus suggesting that slower growth or smaller stature under ambient CO2 may potentially belie a fitness advantage for sustainable growth under low CO2 availability.
Maximum subclasses in classes of linear automata over finite fields
Authors: Chasovskikh Anatoliy A.
Published: December 2020

The sets of all maximum subclasses in classes of linear automata over finite fields are found. An algorithm that decides completeness of finite subsets based on maximum subclasses is formulated.
A real-time search strategy for finding urban disease vector infestations
Authors: Rose Erica Billig , Roy Jason A. , Castillo-Neyra Ricardo , Ross Michelle E. , Condori-Pino Carlos , Peterson Jennifer K. , Naquira-Velarde Cesar , Levy Michael Z.
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Containing domestic vector infestation requires the ability to swiftly locate and treat infested homes. In urban settings where vectors are heterogeneously distributed throughout a dense housing matrix, the task of locating infestations can be challenging. Here, we present a novel stochastic compartmental model developed to help locate infested homes in urban areas. We designed the model using infestation data for the Chagas disease vector species Triatoma infestans in Arequipa, Peru.

Methods

Our approach incorporates disease vector counts at each observed house, and the vector’s complex spatial dispersal dynamics. We used a Bayesian method to augment the observed data, estimate the insect population growth and dispersal parameters, and determine posterior infestation probabilities of households. We investigated the properties of the model through simulation studies, followed by field testing in Arequipa.

Results

Simulation studies showed the model to be accurate in its estimates of two parameters of interest: the growth rate of a domestic triatomine bug colony and the probability of a triatomine bug successfully invading a new home after dispersing from an infested home. When testing the model in the field, data collection using model estimates was hindered by low household participation rates, which severely limited the algorithm and in turn, the model’s predictive power.

Conclusions

While future optimization efforts must improve the model’s capabilities when household participation is low, our approach is nonetheless an important step toward integrating data with predictive modeling to carry out evidence-based vector surveillance in cities.
Convexity of a discrete Carleman weighted objective functional in an inverse medium scattering problem
Authors: Thành Nguyen Trung
Published: December 2020

We investigate a globally convergent method for solving a one-dimensional inverse medium scattering problem using backscattering data at a finite number of frequencies.
The proposed method is based on the minimization of a discrete Carleman weighted objective functional.
The global convexity of this objective functional is proved.
Reference intervals for platelet indices in seniors and frequency of abnormal results in a population-based setting: a comparison between directly and indirectly estimated reference intervals
Authors: Hermann Wolfgang , Risch Lorenz , Grebhardt Chris , Nydegger Urs E. , Sakem Benjamin , Imperiali Mauro , Renz Harald , Risch Martin
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) possess diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in a variety of diseases. We aimed to establish reference intervals (RI) for platelet indices (PI) in seniors.

Methods

We established direct and indirect RI for MPV, PDW, and PCT in selected reference individuals aged 60 years and older. Abnormal PI were assessed in a population-based setting in the Principality of Liechtenstein, where 37.7% of the whole nation’s population aged 60 years and older had PI determined by hematology analyzers from Sysmex (Horgen, Switzerland).

Results

Among 689 female and 542 male participants, MPV and PDW did not exhibit age- and gender-specific differences, whereas PCT in females also displayed no age-specific differences. Age- and sex-independent RI were 9.3–12.5 fl for MPV and 10.1–16.7% for PDW, whereas the age-independent RI for PCT in women was 0.18–0.37. In males, age-specific RI for PCT were 0.16–0.30 (age 60–69), 0.15–0.33 (age 70–79), and 0.14–0.33 (age 80 and older). The population-based frequency of abnormal PI results was 0.8% (MPV), 1.1% (PDW), and 24.4% (PCT).

Conclusions

Applying novel RI for PI reveals that only approximately 1% of patients exhibit abnormal MPV and PDW. Abnormal PCT is observed much more frequently.
The strong nil-cleanness of semigroup rings
Authors: Ji Yingdan
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we study the strong nil-cleanness of certain classes of semigroup rings. For a completely 0-simple semigroupM=ℳ0(G;I,Λ;P)M={ {\mathcal M} }^{0}(G;I,\text{Λ};P), we show that the contracted semigroup ringR0[M]{R}_{0}{[}M]is strongly nil-clean if and only if either|I|=1|I|=1or|Λ|=1|\text{Λ}|=1, andR[G]R{[}G]is strongly nil-clean; as a corollary, we characterize the strong nil-cleanness of locally inverse semigroup rings. Moreover, letS=[Y;Sα,φα,β]S={[}Y;{S}_{\alpha },{\varphi }_{\alpha ,\beta }]be a strong semilattice of semigroups, then we prove thatR[S]R{[}S]is strongly nil-clean if and only ifR[Sα]R{[}{S}_{\alpha }]is strongly nil-clean for eachα∈Y\alpha \in Y.
Crystal structure of 3,3′-(1,2-phenylene-bis(methylene))bis(1-vinyl- 1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(hexafluoro phosphate)(V), C18H20F12N4P2
Authors: Ting Huang , Jin-Zhu Chen , Xu-Liang Nie , Jing Chen , Wan-Ming Xiong
Published: December 2020

C18H20F12N4P2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.3185(9) Å, b = 21.883(2) Å, c = 13.4345(15) Å, β = 103.4730(10)°, V = 2378.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0470, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1305, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4-bromo-N′-[3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide methanol solvate, C15H13BrCl2N2O3
Authors: Xu Xindi , Huang Meifen , Wang Man , Li Tianyu , Wu Qiong
Published: December 2020

C15H13BrCl2N2O3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.4135(4) Å, b = 13.3008(8) Å, c = 16.9956(7) Å, β = 104.445(2)°, V = 1622.88(15) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0380, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1031, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of (E)-7-methoxy-2-((5-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methylene)-3,4- dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C18H17NO3
Authors: Luan Ming-Zhu , Meng Qing-Guo
Published: December 2020

C18H17NO3, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P‾{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.3950(5) Å, b = 8.6697(5) Å, c = 11.6813(9) Å, α = 85.457(6)°, β = 76.712(6)°, γ = 82.759(5)°, V = 722.07(9) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0502, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1342, T = 99.9(3) K.
Tranquillity mapping in New Zealand national parks – a pilot study
Authors: Watts Greg , Pearse John , Delikostidis Ioannis , Kissick Johann , Donohue Brian , Dalley Jeff
Published: December 2020

The tranquillity in national parks worldwide is currently under threat from intrusion of anthropogenic noise of a growing tourism industry and activity related to park management. This was addressed by creating informative tranquillity maps, where perceived tranquillity can be considered a key indicator of soundscape quality in natural areas. Tranquillity of an area can be assessed using TRAPT (Tranquillity Rating Prediction Tool), that has been developed and refined for assessing urban green spaces, national parks and wilderness areas in the United Kingdom. The subjective response to helicopter noise levels of a sample group of 35 people representing the general New Zealand population was obtained, based on visual and audio stimuli that were collected in Aoraki/Mt Cook National Park. These results were used to produce a revised TRAPT equation. It was discovered that levels under 32 dBA correspond to an excellent level of tranquillity. This threshold was used to produce a noise level exposure calculation for two national parks using noise prediction model AEDT (Aviation Environmental Development Tool). Contours representing tranquillity duration were then calculated and plotted, to serve as a planning tool for use by the Department of Conservation. A similar approach could be used for other national parks worldwide.
A public–private partnership to speed up potato breeding
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Sanders Wichard , Graveland Robert , Schoper John , Campos Hugo
Published: December 2020

The process to develop potato cultivars is complex and lengthy due to numerous reasons, viz., tetrasomic inheritance with heterozygous nature, large number of phenotypic recurrent selections, low efficiency of selections in early generations, slow multiplication rate of selected clones, and others. In Southeast Asia, varieties are primarily developed by public sector having poor seed multiplication facilities, and the complexity is further aggravated by the presence of few commercial seed multipliers. To speed up the breeding and selection processes and ensure the adoption of developed varieties by strengthening the seed value chain, a public–private partnership has been established between International Potato Center and HZPC, a leading private potato seed company. The adopted integrated breeding approach is a blend of modern and traditional breeding techniques involving shuttle breeding and stringent selection of disease-resistant cultivars through marker-assisted selection at early stage, followed by parallel evaluation in several environments and rapid disease-free multiplication of the elite material. This study simultaneously addresses the issues related to the extensive and complex variety registration process in the region by initiating discussion with the local authorities. The collaboration is likely to set norms for licensing and benefit-sharing between public and private partners in future alliances.
Socialisation écrite et rédaction épistolaire de scripteurs moins expérimentés – lettres des soldats de la Grande Guerre
Authors: Große Sybille , Sowada Lena
Published: December 2020

Just recently, documents written by less skilled writers constitute an object of investigation in linguistics of different philologies. This contribution valorizes private letters as testimonies from writers of varying social status, as opposed to the elite, and furthermore describes the process and the context of their production. In this perspective, it is important to distinguish the process of acquisition of the written language and the complex cognitive and social process of writing. Dealing with private correspondence of writers with less experience, we focus on circumstances of the writing production in a familial and individual context. We investigate different influences on these texts: the writers’ specific writing socialization, an interrupted process of written language acquisition, specificities of colloquial everyday language as well as a lack of epistolary and writing experience. In order to realize the different writing tasks and to evoke intimacy, less-skilled writers acquire an inventory of creative tricks by following oral representations, by imitating strategies from the immediate communication and by using different linguistic and discursive routines.
Novel tetrazole PtII and PdII complexes with enhanced water solubility: synthesis, structural characterization and evaluation of antiproliferative activity
Authors: Serebryanskaya Tatiyana V. , Lyakhov Alexander S. , Ivashkevich Ludmila S. , Grigoriev Yuri V. , Kritchenkov Andreii S. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Tskhovrebov Alexander G. , Ivashkevich Oleg A.
Published: December 2020

Novel platinum(II) and palladium(II) chlorido complexes with tetrazole derivatives 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)tetrazole (het) and 1-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]tetrazole (thm), viz. cis-[Pt(het)2Cl2], trans-[Pt(het)2Cl2], trans-[Pt(thm)2Cl2], trans-[Pd(het)2Cl2], and trans-[Pd(thm)2Cl2], were synthesized. The compounds were characterized by elemental and high-resolution electrospray ionization (HRESI) mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 1H, 13C and 195Pt nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Molecular and crystal structures of trans-[PdL2Cl2] and trans-[PtL2Cl2] (L = het, thm) were established by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The complex cis-[Pt(het)2Cl2] was found to undergo cis–to–trans isomerization upon heating in acetonitrile solution and in the solid state. The synthesized complexes show rather high water solubility lying in the range of 2–10 mg/L.
Phytochemical, antibacterial, antioxidant and cytoxicity investigation of Tarenna grandiflora
Authors: Zeutsop Jean Francois , Nono Raymond Ngansop , Frese Marcel , Chouna Jean Rodolphe , Lenta Bruno Ndjakou , Nkeng-Efouet-Alango Pépin , Sewald Norbert
Published: December 2020

The phytochemical investigation of Tarenna grandiflora led to the isolation of 18 known compounds of which were four flavones, three anthraquinones, one phenyl propanoic derivative, five triterpenoids, four steroids and a mixture of glucose. Luteolin (1) and soranjidiol (6) were allylated and/or prenylated to give four new semisynthesized derivatives which were fully characterized as 7,3′,4′-O-triallylluteolin (1a), luteolin-7,3′,4′-O-triprenyls (1b), luteolin-5,7,3′,4′-O-tetraprenyls (1c) and 6-O-allylsoranjidiol (6a). Their structures were established using spectroscopic analysis including 1D, 2D NMR and MS data. The cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts, fractions, isolated compounds and semi-synthesized derivatives were evaluated. The petroleum ether and EtOAc extracts exhibited good cytotoxic potency on KB-3-1 cell line with IC50 of >0.1 and 0.025 mg/mL respectively, while compounds 1b and 11 were the most active (IC50 > 0.0001 M). Compounds 1 and 3 showed the best antioxidant activities (45.5 and 55.8 µM); while compounds 9 and 12 showed the best antibacterial activities with MICs values ranges from 8.55 to 132 µM.
EFECTOS DEL EJERCICIO SOBRE LA FLEXIBILIDAD EN PERSONAS MAYORES DE 65 AÑOS
Authors: Matos-Duarte M. , Berlanga L.A.
Published: December 2020

Es sabido que el envejecimiento provoca el deterioro de la condición física y sus componentes. Menores niveles de flexibilidad se asocian a una pérdida de la capacidad funcional, y la participación en programas de ejercicio físico supervisado podría mantener o mejorar los niveles de dicha cualidad física. En nuestro estudio, evaluamos la flexibilidad de 53 adultos mayores de 65 años (M=73,74±4,54 años) que participaban en un programa de ejercicio durante, al menos, 6 meses; utilizando los tests back scratch (TBS) y chair sit and reach (TCSAR). Al finalizar el programa, los resultados de flexibilidad resultaron estar dentro de los valores normativos de referencia; estando, en muchas ocasiones, por encima. En conclusión, mantenerse físicamente activo minimiza la pérdida de flexibilidad inherente al proceso de envejecimiento, incluso cuando la actividad física no está directamente dirigida a mejorar esa capacidad. Este hecho podría tener importantes repercusiones sobre la capacidad funcional y la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores.
CAUSALITY BETWEEN EXCISE TAX REVENUE AND GOVERNMENT SPENDING IN OECD COUNTRIES
Authors: EKİNCİ Alper Aykut
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between excise taxes revenues and government spending areas in OECD countries. Panel data causality analyzes were performed for 20 OECD member countries using yearly data for the 1995-2016 period to investigate the relationship between government spending in education, health, public services, defense, and social protection areas and excise tax revenues. At the end of the analysis, two-way causality relationship between excise tax and defense, education, health, general public services, and social protection spending have been observed. The results support both the spend- tax hypothesis and the tax-spend hypothesis. Furthermore, the tax-spend hypothesis is stronger in social protection spending and the spend-tax hypothesis is stronger in general public spending. Health spending strongly supports two hypotheses. It can be interpreted that the increases in defense, education, and general public services spending in the economies of OECD countries are financed by an increase in excise tax revenues. The bi-directional causality between health spending and excise tax revenue shows that both the increased excise tax revenue is directed towards health spending and excise revenues are used to cover health spending.
Adesão à higienização das mãos dos profissionais da saúde em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors: Contreiro Kátia dos Santos , Jantsch Leonardo Bigolin , Arrué Andrea Moreira , Oliveira Diúlia Calegari de , Bandeira Danieli
Published: December 2020

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a adesão dos profissionais de saúde quanto à higienização das mãos em um serviço de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa seccional, realizada por meio de um checklist utilizado pelo Serviço de Controle de Infecções Hospitalares para verificar a adesão das equipes multidisciplinares à higienização das mãos.  A coleta ocorreu na unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, em todos os turnos de trabalho. Foram contabilizadas 1096 observações, analisadas sob estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: A taxa de adesão foi de 55,4%, destas 83% com água e sabão e 17% por fricção com álcool. O momento de maior adesão com água e sabão foi antes e após o contato com o paciente; e a ação com álcool, antes do contato com o paciente. Os fonoaudiólogos obtiveram a taxa mais elevada de higienização das mãos (93,7%). CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se baixa taxa de adesão pelos profissionais de saúde à HM, exceto os fonoaudiólogos, especialmente após risco de exposição a fluídos corporais.
Technological Formation Scale for Teachers (TFS): Development and Validation
Authors: ERDOĞMUŞ Cavit , ÇOBAN Emre , KORKMAZ Özgen , ÖZDEN M. Yaşar
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable Technological Formation Scale to measure Technological Knowledge (TK) and Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) which are main components of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). Technology seems to have an important place in teacher training and education. It is seen that only Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is not sufficient today. Therefore, the measurement tools including 21st century requirements which are the information and communication technologies skills, production and productive thinking are needed. Measuring technological and technological pedagogical knowledge of the teachers and teacher candidates is able to be possible by means of this measurement tool. Another aim of this study is to present a measurement tool within the TPACK framework, which is based on productivity for the researchers. The components of Technological Knowledge (TK) and Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) involve the productive thinking in this scale. Thus, it is aimed to obtain real-like results. The participants were 756 teachers and and teacher candidates from different regions of Turkey. Structure validity, item factor correlations, item discrimination, internal consistency and stability levels reveal that Technological Formation Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool. As a result of the validity and reliability analysis, the scale has a 4-factor structure, namely “Content Development”, “Interactive Object Development”, “Problem Solving” and “Creativity” under the main headings of Production and Productive Thinking. While the reliability value of the whole scale is .972, the values of the factors are .972, .973, .937 and .850, respectively.
Entre ollas y marmitas
Authors: Amorós Ruiz Victoria
Published: December 2020

Los datos aportados por diferentes equipos de investigación en los últimos años, sobre conjuntos cerámicos de época altomedieval, permiten una reflexión acerca de los distintos indicadores de la producción y distribución cerámica en el sureste de la península ibérica, donde la cerámica modelada a mano y a torneta tiene una presencia significativa en el periodo visigodo y a principios del mundo islámico. Este tipo de cerámica se documenta junto con producciones a torno y permanece en el proceso de introducción de la cerámica vidriada, indicando que sistemas de producción y distribución diversos convivieron en el sureste peninsular entre los siglos VII y IX d. C.
The informative value of magnetic resonance imaging with the application of the protocol of diffusion-weighted images in the assessment of the endometrium when multiple neoplasias
Authors: Diomidova V. N. , Safonova M. A. , Zakharova O. V. , Dmitrieva A. N. , Efimova O. A.
Published: December 2020

Purpose of the study. To study the diagnostic informativeness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the assessment of diffusion- weighted images and the measured diffusion coefficient in the diagnosis of endometrial tumor lesions in polyineoplasias.

Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a study of patients with synchronous and metachronous polyneoplasias who were in the AU "Republican clinical oncological dispensary" of the Ministry of health of the Chuvash Republic from 2014 to 2018. All were performed magnetic resonance imaging on Excelart Vantage Atlas (Toshiba, Japan, 1.5 T), ultrasound (Aplio, Xario and Nemio, Toshiba, Japan; Sono Scape, China), x-ray computed tomography on Light Speed VEX Plus and Light Speed RT 16 (GE, USA). All MRI results were compared with morphological data obtained afterhistomorphological examination of the postoperative material. The differences were considered significant at values p≤0.05.

Results. 80 cases of endometrial tumor lesions in polyineoplasias (N1a) were detected, which was 44.7% of all cases of the main group (N1; n=179), of which metachronous polyineoplasias were found in 56 (70.0%), synchronous — in 11 (13.7%), combined — in 13 (16.3%) patients. The informative value of MRI in the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms with lesions of the endometrium when multiple neoplasias were: sensitivity of 91.3%, specificity — 82,4%, accuracy was 89.7% (p<0.001).

Conclusions. Magnetic resonance imaging using the diffusion- weighted image Protocol with an assessment of the measured diffusion coefficient has shown high information both in the diagnosis of primary endometrial tumor lesions in primary multiple malignancies, and in establishing the stage of the tumor process and in the diagnosis of subsequent malignancies.
Blind to Chemistry: Molecular Contaminant Films We Could Be Missing During Visual Inspections and the Potential Impact to System Performance
Authors: Seasly Elaine , Wrigglesworth Walter
Published: December 2020

Throughout the assembly, integration, and test process, molecular contamination levels of space mission hardware are monitored to meet system performance requirements. Qualitatively, reflective surfaces and witness mirrors are continuously inspected for the visible presence of molecular contaminant films. Quantitatively, periodic reflectance measurements of witness mirrors indicate changes of mirror reflectivity over time due to the accumulation of molecular contaminant films. However, both methods only consider the presence of a contaminant film and not the molecular composition. Additionally, there is a risk that hardware may appear to be “visibly clean” even with a molecular contaminant film present on critical surfaces. To address these issues, experiments were performed to quantify the maximum molecular contaminant film that could be missed in visual inspections on witness mirrors with five different contaminants present. The corresponding changes in mirror reflectivity were modeled using the program STACK to determine the impact to space mission hardware performance. The results of this study not only show the criticality in considering the chemical make-up of molecular contaminant films on system performance, but also the need to recognize and understand the limitations of traditional visual inspection techniques on detecting molecular contaminant films.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE ONGS PARA EXPERIÊNCIAS DE AUTONOMIA EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES VULNERABILIZADOS SOCIALMENTE
Authors: Silva Patrícia Modesto da , Voltz Carlos , Moura Eliana Perez Gonçalves de , Zucchetti Dinora Tereza
Published: December 2020

O artigo analisa experiências educativas de Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs) que atendem crianças e jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade social, no contraturno escolar, averiguando possíveis contribuições dessas experiências para a autonomia de sujeitos infanto-juvenis. A metodologia que conduziu esta pesquisa qualitativa é o estudo de casos múltiplos (YIN, 2005) por meio da análise interpretativa (TRIVIÑOS, 1987). Os dados que serviram de base emergiram de rodas de conversas realizadas com adolescentes nas pesquisas de campo para uma dissertação defendida em 2018 e de entrevistas com crianças e adolescentes em uma ONG que serviram como ponto de partida para uma tese em andamento desde 2019. O referencial teórico está alicerçado em John Dewey (1971) e Paulo Freire (1987; 1996), para tratar de “aprender com a experiência”, Zucchetti e Moura (2016; 2019), para fundamentar educação não escolar, e Paulo Freire (1983; 1987), com os conceitos de ser mais, ação libertadora e autonomia. A empiria nos permitiu observar que as experiências de educação não escolar investigadas podem contribuir para a autonomia dos sujeitos, a partir do momento em que proporcionam possibilidades de análise crítica de seu contexto e os desafiam a pensar em alternativas para a resolução de problemas, por meio do envolvimento em atividades e ações na ONG e no território. Para tanto, é preciso considerar a intencionalidade das práticas, que devem objetivar contribuir com a emancipação e a autonomia dos sujeitos, buscando torná-los conscientes de suas escolhas na busca por alternativas e oportunidades de mudança.
AN INTERSECTIONAL THEORY OF STRATEGIC DECISIONS: MUSLIM AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS AND THE DILEMMAS OF POLICING*
Authors: Yazdiha Hajar
Published: December 2020

When faced with a collective dilemma, why do individuals from the same group perceive their strategic choices differently? A growing actor-centered stream of social movements research shows that strategic decision making is a cultural process where actors decide upon a strategy by drawing on past experiences to make sense of the present and anticipate what might happen if they act in a particular way. However, actors’ past experiences are not only contextual and variable, they are also patterned by social location. It is in these patterns that we can better understand the relationship between structure and agency in processes of social change. Integrating an intersectional framework, I draw on evidence from forty focus groups with about 200 Muslim community members discussing the policing of Muslim communities. I find that perceptions of agency are patterned across intersections of race and ethnicity, gender, class, and nativity, driving three central interpretations of the dilemma and strategic decisions: fear and disengagement; anger and grassroots mobilization against police; and neutrality and collaboration with police.
I. A Case of Carcinoma of the Uterus Complicated hy Pregnancy
II. Cancer of the Cervix, complicated with Pregnancy
III. Cancer of the Uterus, complicated with Pregnancy; Indication for operation
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: December 2020

29-year-old, giving birth 2 times; from a family in which there was neither cancer nor tuberculosis. The first childbirth of P / a was a stillborn child a year ago, during childbirth the cervix was ruptured, but sutured. Sometimes she had pain and blood; but despite this, the 2nd pregnancy came; the second birth lasted 5 days, the baby is dead.
I. А Case of puerperal Thrombosis; Hysterectomy, Recovery
II. Report of a Case of Hysterectomy for acute Puerperal Sepsis, With Recovery
III. about the same
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: December 2020

In December 1894 prof. Baldy reported to the Philadelphia Medical Society 5 cases of the named operation performed by him and various other members of the society; in May 1895 the number of these operations increased to 19 with seven recoveries. B refers to prof. LwsFa, who calls this operation a future-proof operation, considering it especially useful in early diagnosis and production. Baldy gives a new case of her, here are the details.
Two cases of gluttony at the Vladivostok Marine Hospital with a favorable outcome
Authors: Cheremshanskiy A. E.
Published: December 2020

Ovariotomia duplex cum amputatione uteri supravaginale and ovariotomia simplex sinistra are described here.
A case of primary tuberculosis of the internal genital organs in a woman
Authors: Rachinskiy N.
Published: December 2020

The author describes a case where a postmortem autopsy of one woman found a tuberculous lesion of the uterus, tubes, ovaries, pleura, liver, peritoneum, mesenteric glands and lungs.
Intravitreal injection of avastin (Bevacizumab) from a single vial causing pseudo endophthamitis
Authors: Raj Kirthi , M Sadiqulla
Published: December 2020

To study the occurrence of pseudo endophthalmitis among patients undergoing intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) under various indications.

A retrospective analysis of case records of patients who developed an inflammatory reaction after Intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) was done.

Eight of the twenty-Eight patients (28.5%) developed pseudo endophthalmitis. However, the repeated culture of aqueous or vitreous samples did not show any bacterial or fungal growth. All patients showed precipitation of drug in vitreous with the resolution of symptoms after 10 weeks of intensive oral and topical steroid treatment.

Intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) can result in pseudo endophthalmitis though it is a diagnosis of exclusion given many complications, a larger clinical trial of intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) is needed to rationalize its use.
Analysis of the Organic Integration Strategy of College Teachers' Basic Party Branch Construction and Talent Training
Authors: Li Zihao
Published: December 2020

Colleges and universities are the main positions for implementing the strategy of “rejuvenating the country through science and education” and “strengthening the country through talents” and cultivating high-quality talents who can realize the needs of the “Chinese Dream”. The grassroots party branch of college teachers is the specific implementer of the party building work in colleges and universities. It effectively strengthens the quality of construction and realizes the organic integration of the construction of the grassroots party branch of teachers and the cultivation of talents. It is the implementation of the strategy of "rejuvenating the country through science and education" and "powering the country with talents" and building a well-off society important guarantee. This article focuses on the issues related to the organic integration of the construction of the basic-level party branch of college teachers and the cultivation of talents.
The Analysis on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Tourism Antipoverty Management in Ethnic Villages
Authors: Lu Jing
Published: December 2020

Because of their unique cultural heritage and natural environment, ethnic villages have gradually become "hot spots" in our country's tourism industry. In order to better develop the tourism industry in ethnic villages and help more villagers get rid of poverty and become rich, our country has attached great importance to poverty alleviation projects of tourism in ethnic villages in recent years. This paper starts from the analysis on the current situation of antipoverty management of tourism in ethnic villages, focuses on the description of management countermeasures of tourism antipoverty in ethnic villages, hoping to further activate the tourism industry of ethnic villages in our country and bring better life to local villagers.
Discussion on the Teaching Problems and Countermeasures of Ancient Chinese Literature Under the New Education Concept
Authors: Yang Lu
Published: December 2020

Ancient Chinese literature is an important part of Chinese language and literature. However, due to the lack of professional quality and teaching experience of most ancient Chinese literature teachers in China, there are many problems in the teaching of ancient Chinese literature, which hinders the improvement of students' comprehensive quality. In this regard, this paper discusses the teaching problems and coping strategies of ancient Chinese Literature under the new education concept, hoping to help improve the teaching quality of ancient Chinese literature in China.
Analysis of the Application Strategy of PBL Teaching Method in Hepatobiliary Surgery Teaching Rounds
Authors: Chen Qian , Yi Lisha
Published: December 2020

Hepatobiliary Surgery Teaching is a highly practical professional subject. It is necessary to improve the problem exploration ability of medical students and stimulate their initiative and creativity in learning. With the traditional hepatobiliary surgery teaching rounds model, the professional theoretical knowledge of hepatobiliary surgery medical students cannot be effectively combined with the actual problems of the ward rounds, and the medical students are not strong in the application of professional knowledge of hepatobiliary surgery. The PBL teaching method, as a problem-centered learning model, can guide students to better master the professional knowledge of hepatobiliary surgery and effectively improve their ability to solve practical problems. In this regard, the following analysis of the specific application strategy of the PBL teaching method in hepatobiliary surgery teaching rounds will provide enlightenment for the further promotion of the PBL teaching method.
Analysis on the Reform Path of Ideological and Political Course in Colleges and Universities Based on Moral Education
Authors: Tang Rong
Published: December 2020

Based on the analysis of the main problems in the ideological and political course of higher vocational colleges in the new era, this paper explores the specific path of moral education in higher vocational colleges in the new era, so as to give full play to the role of ideological and political education as the main position and main channel.
Discussion on the Application Strategy of Modular Teaching in the Course of Building Architecture
Authors: Zhang Shujun , Shao Jianli
Published: December 2020

At present, the course teaching reform is accelerating, and the course teaching of building architecture is also actively exploring the path of reform and innovation, and there are many new successful attempts in practice. Modular teaching in the application of building architecture course teaching further verifies the effectiveness of this teaching method. As for the application of modular course teaching mode, how to promote the application of this teaching mode and method in building architecture course, we also need to do a good job in curriculum teaching design, and pay attention to the effective integration with housing architecture course teaching, at the same time, also improve teachers modular curriculum teaching ability. This paper studies the basic connotation and application advantages of modular teaching, analyzes the shortcomings of modular teaching in the course teaching of building architecture, and explores the application countermeasures of modular teaching mode in the course teaching of building architecture.
Kanda Sōtei: The Shogun’s Sacred Painters and their Realm of Influence
Authors: Steineck Tomoë I. M.
Published: December 2020

The sacrosanct painting atelier of Kan’eiji was headed throughout the Edo period by successive generations of the holder of the name Kanda Sōtei. Despite its special mandate, it has remained largely disregarded to this day, partly due to its alleged artistic conservatism and the limited number of recognized works. Given that the atelier was affiliated with Kan’eiji, the most powerful Tendai temple during the Edo period and one of the primary temples of the Tokugawa shogunate, a consideration of the religious, and most certainly political, implications behind its establishment is urgently needed. There is evidence that the scope of production and sphere of influence of the Kanda Sōtei lineage by far exceeded what has been previously assumed. Based on newly discovered materials, this article discusses the lineage’s conservatism and classicism in relation to the deification strategy of the Tokugawa shogunate, their consolidation of power based on the introduction of a new school of Shinto and the new deity Tōshō Daigongen, and its influence on the religious visual culture of the Edo period following the financial distress of the regime during the late seventeenth century.
State Preemption of Local Immigration “Sanctuary” Policies: Legal Considerations
Authors: Hall Mark A. , Mann-Jackson Lilli , Rhodes Scott D.
Published: December 2020

States have enacted a wave of statutes over the past several years preempting local government law and policies that potentially promote public health in various ways. Among these local preemption measures are statutes in at least 9 states that outlaw municipal policies providing some form of “sanctuary” to immigrants. Such policies, and their preemption, have importance both for direct access to health services and for broader social determinants of health.

This article gauges the coverage and potential impact of these state preemption laws based on key informant interviews nationally and a close legal analysis of relevant laws and policy documents. It distinguishes between preemption laws focused on law enforcement cooperation and those that also encompass a wider array of “welcoming” policies and initiatives. It also distinguishes between more passive forms of preemption that prohibit barring cooperation with federal immigration enforcement, and those statutes that more affirmatively require active measures to assist federal enforcement.

Drawing these distinctions can help municipalities determine which immigrant-supportive measures are still permitted, and how best to mitigate the adverse public health effects of these preemption laws.
MAPK14-TFEB pathways promote microglia activation through inhibiting CMA-mediated NLRP3 degradation in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Chen Jialong , Mao Kanmin , Yu Honglin , Wen Yue , She Hua , Yang Liuna , Zhang He , Li Huihui , Wu Xian , Ren Yixian , li wenjun , Zou Fei
Published: December 2020

Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), accompanied by chronic neuroinflammation, autophagy dysfunction and SNCA(α-synuclein) accumulation in the form of Lewy bodies. Previous studies show that misfolded SNCA upregulate the inflammatory cascade through NOX activation, which elevated ROS production in microglial cell. However, it’s still not elucidated about the molecular mechanisms between autophagy deficiency and neuroinflammation induced by SNCA accumulation in microglia.Methods We overexpress mice and BV2 cells with SNCAA53T mutant as models of early-onset Parkinson's disease and identified the mechanisms that MAPK14-TFEB pathways promote microglia activation through inhibiting CMA-mediated NLRP3 degradation in Parkinson's disease by a series of methods of molecular biology. The results of pathology and animal behavior showed that the inhibition of MAPK14 and NLRP3 had protective effect on Parkinson's disease model.Results Here, we report that MAPK14 (p38α) activates NLRP3 inflammasome via inhibiting TFEB in BV2 cells. Transcription Factor EB (TFEB) signaling negatively regulates NLRP3 inflammasome through increasing LAMP2A expression, which binds to NLRP3 and promotes its degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy(CMA). Importantly, both MAPK14 inhibitor SB203580 and NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 not only prevents neurodegeneration in vitro, but also alleviates movement impairment and SNCA/α-synuclein abnormal accumulation in SNCAA53T-tg mice model of Parkinson’s disease.Conclusion Our research reveals an endogenous regulatory mechanism of NLRP3 turnover and microglia-dopaminergic neuron interaction, which may be a potential therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease.
Evaluation of the Acute Effects of Traditional Persian Medicine Based Hot and Cold Foods on Metabolic Responses and Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Men: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zakerian Mohsen , Roudi Fatemeh , Rezvani Reza , Motavasselian Malihe
Published: December 2020

Background: Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM)-based temperament is affected by some determinant factors that seems to have close similarities to resting energy expenditure (REE) and thermic effect of food (TEF) determinants. Pulse characteristics is considered as a main tool distinguishing different temperaments and vascular function and the probability of cardiovascular events are different in hot and cold-temper individuals in TPM point of view. Additionally, all foods are divided into cold/hot-temper and dry/wet-temper in this medical school and may lead to different responses in subjects regarding their temperaments.Methods: This experiment will be an acute phase study that will be performed on two groups of healthy individuals with normal body mass index (BMI) with hot and cold temperament. Each person will receive two TPM-based hot/cold isocaloric breakfast meals in 2 different days and metabolic responses and arterial stiffness indices thorough blood samples, indirect calorimetry, and pulse wave analysis and velocimetry will be assessed at fasting state, 0.5, 2, and 4 hours following meal consumption. Discussion: We will investigate the metabolic differences between individuals with TPM-based hot and cold temperaments and also to evaluate the effects of different TPM-based temperament of isocaloric meals (hot and cold) on metabolic responses and arterial stiffness indices in TPM-based hot/cold temper healthy men in this study. The results of this research project may lead to design of novel combined TPM and modern nutrition-based diet planning to improve metabolic responses and vascular reactivity. Trial registration: International Clinical Trials Registry Platform IRCT20200417047105N1, retrospectively registered at 19/04/2020. URL: https://irct.ir/trial/47267.
Administração e Trabalho
Authors: Grande Humberto
Published: December 2020

PRETENDEMOS estudar sistematicamente, numa série de artigos, de como apareceu no século XIX o Direito Administrativo, os esforços para garantir a sua autonomia na enciclopédia jurídica, o crescimento exuberante da sua legislação dentro do dinamismo social da época, a necessidade da criação de uma Justiça Administrativa, e em fim, o imperativo de organizar a sua ampla e variada matéria sob um critério filosófico.
El archivo y la biblioteca: una provocación para otra historia de la arquitectura del siglo XIX
Authors: Barrera Rubio Hernández M. Fernanda
Published: December 2020

Este artículo busca ser una provocación de nuevos discursos a partir de los materiales de archivos arquitectónicos, entendidos más allá de los registros directos de la ideación y construcción de edificaciones, así como de planos y dibujos de personajes notables de la disciplina. En este sentido, a partir de una disertación sobre los acervos que pertenecieron a la Academia de San Carlos en la Ciudad de México, y en particular las publicaciones de su biblioteca, se cuestiona sobre su lugar en las historias de la institución y de la arquitectura mexicana del siglo XIX. 
A LEARNING TRAJECTORY FOR PROBABILITY: A CASE OF GAME-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Wijaya Ariyadi , Elmaini Elmaini , Doorman Michiel
Published: December 2020

This research is aimed to describe a learning trajectory for probability through game-based learning. The research employed design research consisting of three stages: preparing for the experiment, design experiment, and retrospective analysis. A hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT) using Sudoku and Snake-and-ladder games was developed by collecting data through documentation, interviews, and classroom observations. The HLT was implemented in the classroom to investigate students’ actual learning trajectory. The results of this research indicate that the games helped students understand the concept of probability. The learning trajectory for probability based on game-based learning is seen from the perspective of four levels of emergent modeling. In the first level – ‘situational level’ – Sudoku and Ladder-and-Snake games were played by students. The second level is the ‘referential level’ where the rules of the games were used as a starting point to learn the concept of probability. Communication during game playing stimulated students' knowledge about random events, sample spaces, sample points, and events. At the third level – ‘general level’ – students used tree and table diagrams to generalize possible outcomes of an experiment and develop an understanding of sample spaces and sample points. Lastly, at the ‘formal level’ students developed their informal knowledge into formal concepts of probabilities.
2019 Health Care & Education Presidential Address: It’s All About Access!
Authors: Youssef Gretchen A.
Published: December 2020

This article is adapted from a speech Ms. Youssef delivered as President, Health Care & Education, of the American Diabetes Association at its 79th Scientific Sessions in San Francisco, CA, on 8 June 2019.

Diabetes care management and prevention are national priorities with significant health and economic consequences at the patient, provider, and system levels. Gretchen Youssef, MS, RD, CDCES, program director of the MedStar Health Diabetes Institute, is a registered dietitian and diabetes care and education specialist who serves diabetes clinical, education, research, and quality improvement initiatives across the 10-hospital MedStar Health System in Washington, DC, and Maryland.

Ms. Youssef began her research career with the MedStar Health Research Institute and the National Institutes of Health Diabetes Prevention Program. She then joined the MedStar Health Diabetes Institute, where she continues her interests in diabetes prevention, diabetes self-care management, delivery of community-based diabetes self-management education, examination of physical activity and food choices in urban older women, and development and validation of the “KNOW Diabetes” Survival Skills Knowledge test, which can be used to identify self-care knowledge deficits in adults with type 2 diabetes. Over the past decade, she has focused on health services research addressing real-world delivery of evidence-based type 2 diabetes care management and the changing role of the diabetes care and education specialist in diabetes care. Ms. Youssef is committed to improving lives of people with diabetes, especially those who are challenged by low health literacy and socioeconomic and mental health barriers, which often prevent them from accessing and receiving optimal care. Throughout her career she has been an active member of the American Diabetes Association.