bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Hub Genes and Pathways in Cervical Cancer by Statistical and Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Doulah Md.Siraj-Ud-
Published: January 2024

In the field of bioinformatics cervical cancer is the fourth common malignant tumor of women reproductive system. The goal of this research was to evaluate Hub genes and pathways in cervical cancer by statistical and bioinformatics analysis. Several statistical methods like student’s t test, Welch t test, F test, Likelihood ratio test, Hochberg and Benjamini test used to find out differentially express genes. Altogether 603 differentially express genes are identified, from constructing protein-protein interaction network of differentially express genes; the top ten Hub genes with relatively high degree of connectivity (over 58 in PPI network) are identified. These top ten Hub genes are - KIF2C, RAD21, MAD2LI, TOP2A, BIRC5, KIF11, MCM5, PCNA, MCM4, and SMC3. Then we have applied the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of these Hub genes and we have found six hub genes (KIF2C, RAD21, MAD2LI, TOP2A, BIRC5, KIF11) are significantly enriched in cell cycle, and four hub genes (MCM5, PCNA, MCM4, SMC3) are significantly enriched DNA replication. These results might hold promise for finding potential therapeutic targets of cervical cancer.
Contaminated the Lands in Karabakh and Ways to Bail Out
Authors: VZ Talib
Published: January 2024

The thesis contains information on the condition of organic agriculture in the Republic of Azerbaijan, as well as proposals for the establishment of an integrated plant protection system. The Report states, among other things, that in order to improve the agro-ecology approach in agriculture in Azerbaijan, relevant legislative and regulatory acts must be prepared and adopted; a regulatory mechanism aimed at increasing the efficiency of farmers' environmental activities based on the "polluter pays" principle must be developed and implemented; and scientific innovations, energy and resource saving technologies, waste-free and environmentally safe technological processes must be promoted. It also casts light to measures in regional environmental plans and socioeconomic development programs targeted at supporting and growing organic agriculture; agricultural landowners and land users should implement steps to conserve and improve soil fertility, as well as other environmental activities.
The Use of UAV in Mapping and Inventorying Mangrove Forest for Handling Climate Change
Authors: Alen Timisela Woody Andi
Published: January 2024

Mangrove forest are known to play a pivotal role in supporting the global carbon cycle by effectively mitigating greenhouse emissions and reducing the impact of climate change. However, the current conditions have increased concerns due to the escalating degradation of these ecosystems for development purposes. An area of particular concern is Tanjung Lalansoi, Osi Island, Eti Village, West Seram District. This region has the potential to harbor mangrove forest to store Biomass and Carbon. To address these environmental challenges, the use of remote sensing technology using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) hold great potential due to its advantages. These include its cost-effectiveness and ability to provide spatial and up-todate data with high resolution. Therefore, this study aims to assess the ability of UAV to map mangrove forest, analyze Objectbased UAV imagery (ACUBO), as well as determine the relationship between tree height and diameter in the field and on UAV. Field surveys were carried out to obtain data on mangrove species and other supporting vegetation parameters, such as tree height and diameter. The results were used to perform accuracy tests between objects on UAV and in the field, as well as the calculation of biomass reserve and carbon content in the study area. The results on ACUBO for mangrove species showed an Overall Accuracy of 92.98%, with Producer Accuracy of 78%, 97%, 96.63%, and 85% in B. gymnorrhiza, C. tagal, R. stylosa, and R. apiculta, respectively. Meanwhile, User Accuracy of 88.89%, 97.73%, 73%, and 85.92% was obtained in B. gymnorrhiza, C. tagal, R. stylosa, and R. apiculata, respectively. This study revealed that there was a close relationship between tree height in UAV and the field, as shown in the regression equation Y = 0.0386 + 1.135X with R2 = 0.90. There was also a close association between the diameter in UAV and the field, and this was indicated by the regression equation Y = 4.638 +0.5588 X with R2 = 0.87
Role of Panchakarma Modalities in Post Covid Complications
Authors: R Purohit
Published: January 2024

COVID-19 is a respiratory illness global epidemic caused by “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2”. It was a pandemic disease of recent outbreak which affected almost all age group worldwide. It was First detected in 2019 in Wuhan, China and quickly spread to the countries worldwide resulting in millions of deaths, affecting one’s Social, physical and mental health. Although, the fresh Corona virus Infections are decreasing in number but the Post Covid complications are still a major cause of worry. COVID-19 has resulted in prolonged illness and persistent symptoms, even in young adults and persons with no underlying medical conditions who were not hospitalized. The common post-COVID manifestations are Fatigue, dyspnoea, low-grade fever, cough, tastelessness, anosmia, chest pain, myalgia, and sleep and mental disturbances. Ayurveda and Panchakarma can certainly play a major role in treating the post covid complications. According to Ayurveda concepts, the symptoms of COVID-19 are similar to Vatakapha pradhan Sannipataj Jwara and there will be Dhatu-Kshaya & Agnimandya Avastha in Post-COVID 19 infections. Hence in this condition Agnideepana, Amapachana, Shodhana (Panchakarma), Brimhana and Rasayana Chikitsa is indicated. Panchakarma is a branch of Ayurvedic medicine that deals with both Purification and palliative care. It has different treatment modalities that can improve systemic illness and immunity as well as mental health, which can help with post covid Symptoms. Depending on the severity of the complications, we have recommended various Panchakarma therapies such as Kavala, Nasya, Dhoompana, Shirodhara, Udvartana, Basti, Vamana, Virechana etc as it will help in the management of the symptoms in a better way.
Assessment of the In-vitro Potential of Two Different Genotypes of Bacopa Monnieri L. Pennell
Authors: MK Suthar
Published: January 2024

Jal Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri L.) is an important medicinal herb rendering mental health-promoting activities. In-vitro mass multiplication of elite genotypes of Jal Brahmi may bring off its high industrial demand. In the present study, the comparative in-vitro responses of two diverse genotypes (DBM-4 and DBM-12) were assessed. Direct shoot organogenesis was reported in both genotypes studied in basal MS medium media. However, both genotypes formed calli in the presence of 2, 4-D and IAA. Germplasm DBM-4 observed significantly higher antioxidant potential than that of DBM-12. Further, in both genotypes, methyl jasmonate elicitation significantly improved the antioxidant potential and total phenolic contents of the callus. Hence, DBM-4 has the potential for in-vitro mass multiplication and secondary metabolites production.
Ayurvedic Review of Hypothyroidism W.S.R Dhatvagnimandya
Authors: G Panwar
Published: January 2024

Hypothyroidism (also known as underactive, low thyroid). It is a disorder of absolute or relative deficiency of thyroid hormone due to dysfunction of thyroid gland or Pituitary gland. It is one of the most prevalent disorders affecting 2-5% of global population which is more prevalent among females. Due to modernization of the society, irregular food habits and stressful lifestyles leading to many metabolic conditions. In Ayurveda metabolism can be co-related with functions of Agni which are transformation and assimilation of substrate. The balanced state of Agni (enzymatic activity) Tridoshas (bodily humours) Dhatu and Mala together helps in orderly functioning and Samavastha of human body. If any one of them got disturbed it leads to diseased condition. In Hypothyroidism there is dysfunctioning of Jatharagni and Dhatwagni along with dysfunctioning of Kapha and Vata Dosha as well as Rasavaha, Raktavaha, Sukravaha and Manovaha Srotases. Dosha Dushyasamoorchhana in various Dhatus resulting is the systemic manifestation of the disease. If we look through modern eye there is only hormonal replacement treatment continuous medication make the patient drug dependent till the end of mortal life and has many side effects. So, there is a need of replacement of modern drug by a safe and effective alternative in Ayurveda. Thus, the line of management should be Deepana, Pachana Srotoshodhana and Kapha Vata Shamana
Critical Analysis of Malignancies in Ayurveda WSR to ENT Cancer
Authors: S Waghe
Published: January 2024

Cancer is one of the major causes of death across the globe accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. The commonest cancers are breast (11.6%), Lung (11.6%), colorectal (6.1%), and prostate cancer (7.1%). Every 6th death in the world is due to the cancer. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (ARC), by 2040, the global burden of Cancer is expected to grow by 27.5 million new cases. And it’s going to increase further due to faulty dietary and lifestyle practices. Therefore, it is necessary to look for every possible solution including the ancient medical sciences such as in Ayurveda. Ayurveda is an ancient Indian medical science. There are references to various malignancies in Ayurveda. The tumour is referred as ‘Arbuda’ or ‘Gulma’ in Ayurveda. All the characteristics of tumour are very well mentioned in Ayurveda. Ayurvedic acharyas while suggesting the operation for these tumours, said that these tumours should be excised completely along with surrounding healthy tissue otherwise it recures soon indicating the malignant nature of the tumour. Most of the tumours are mentioned as incurable again indicating its malignant nature. In Ayurveda, tumour is classified based on doshas and structural appearance. There are references to Liver tumour, Nasal tumour, Ear tumour, Throat tumours, head tumour, muscle tumour. Liposarcoma and hemangiosarcoma. But there is no reference to breast malignancy which is common today. The less prevalence of breast malignancy during ancient time could be due to better infant feeding practices as compared to today’s era or it could be have been included under Mansarbuda. Among the treatment modality for Cancer, apart from medicine and surgery, cauterization and application of Alkali is also suggested in Ayurveda to avoid the recurrence. It is observed and concluded that Cancers are very well documented in Ayurveda and the treatment suggested for treating the tumours need to be reexplored.
Role of a Panchatikta Ksheer Basti and Pipplayadi Anuvasna Basti on Conservative Management of Avascular Necrosis of the Bilateral Femoral Head (Asthi Majja Gata Vata)
Authors: K Chandel
Published: January 2024

The most typical form of bone necrosis is avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. The goals of AVN treatment are to maintain structure, function and pan alleviation. Numerous surgical techniques are used to treat the problem, but they are all expensive and have a bad prognosis. These procedures include drilling and inserting bone grafts, performing modified Whitman or Colonna reconstructions and inserting prostheses. Avascular necrosis symptoms are more comparable to Asthivha Srotodusti Vikara (musculoskeletal origin illnesses) and can be taken into consideration with Gambhir Avastha (chronic stage). The goal of the current case study was to assess the effectiveness of the Ayurvedic system in the conservative management of AVN. In the current instance a 34 yrs male was diagnosed with AVN of bilateral hip joint and was treated with Panchtikta Ksheera Basti, Pipplayadi Anuvasna Basti and other drugs. Based on the patient’s sign and symptoms both before and after treatment we looked for symptomatic improvements. The gait, discomfort, tenderness and range of movement were significantly improved as a result of the therapy. Ayurvedic principles conservative therapy of AVN significantly reduced signs and symptoms while enhancing quality of life.
Case Study: Ayurvedic Treatment of Vatakantaka through Raktamokshana
Authors: P Manthanwar
Published: January 2024

According to Acharya, it has been observed that when an individual traverses an irregular or uneven terrain, the vata dosha becomes localized and exacerbated in the ankle joint, resulting in pain in the heel region commonly referred to as Vatakantaka. It may be likened to Plantar Fasciitis, a painful condition affecting the heel that impedes daily activities. Plantar Fasciitis is caused by the repetitive stretching and straining of the plantar fascia, resulting in injury and inflammation that presents as heel pain. A 34-year-old female patient reports experiencing left heel pain during the first few steps in the morning, which is alleviated after walking. However, the pain returns after a prolonged period of rest. The present case study employs Raktmokshana to evaluate its effectiveness in alleviating pain. According to Acharya, pain arises solely from the vitiation of Vata Dosha or Rakta Dhatu. Given the patient's severe burning sensation and pain, Raktamokshana was done through Siravedh techniques at the ankle region over the course of four sessions, spaced seven days apart. This treatment resulted in complete pain relief for the patient.
Management of Herpes Zooster (Kaksha) through Ayurveda: A Case Study
Authors: S Anaghashree
Published: January 2024

Background: Varicella zoster virus is the virus that causes shingles or Herpes zoster. Vesicular eruption within the dermatome that occurs unilaterally and is intensely painful. Pre-eruptive, acute exudative, and chronic are the three stages of the disease manifestation. Herpes zoster clinical manifestation includes vesiculo-pustular eruptions accompanied by excruciating pain and burning sensation, which is comparable to the symptomatology described in Ayurveda while referring to the disease kaksha mentioned in kshudra roga. Analyzing symptomatology reveals that, vitiatiation of pitta due to indulging in various causative factors affects Twak and Rakta Dhatu thereby causing this illness. Consequently, pitta shamana line of therapy is advised which helps in samprapti vighatana and dosha shamana. Materials and Methods: A 38-year-old woman’s vesicular skin lesion across her right axilla, arm, and palmar aspect of her left ring finger, along with intense pain, and burning sensation associated with blackish discoloration surrounded by inflammatory signs such as rubor, calor, dolor were her primary complaints. In this case pitta-hara line of management was employed as mentioned in the management of disease Kaksha. Observation and Result: Lesions started to shrink and fall off without any indications of further spread or reoccurrence. Falling lesions had slight yellow discharge from the sight but pain and discomforts had disappeared.
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of Traditionally used Herbal Plants and their Potential Applications in Nutraceutical Formulations
Authors: FM Bhat
Published: January 2024

Herbal plants are being used for therapeutic purposes to cure diverse forms of diseases since centuries ago. Many medicinal therapists across the world utilize these herbs for the treatment of diseases, such as ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine. The use of herbal based medicines considered as safe with no side effects have increased at an alarming pace as compared to synthetic drugs globally. Medicinal herbs have been validated to eradicate the core of diseased ailments irrespective of age group and are having lesser chances of developing adverse effects due to chemical interactions and microbial resistance as induced by most of the synthetic drugs. Considering the multiple biological activities, which are beneficial for healthy functioning of human body including prevention of cancers, inflammations, infections, antiseptics, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antioxidants and innumerable healing characteristics. In this study, we assessed the potential benefits and bioactive compounds present in diverse ranges of medicinal herbs, so that it could provide a valid source for practitioners and those interested in formulation of health promoting supplements and nutraceuticals. The chemical composition of medicinal herbs not only enables a researcher to enhance health by curing a specific disease but also to preserve a formulated food product with natural based remedies. Products developed from herbal combinations have been found to reduce toxicity in human body along with improving efficacy.
An Investigation on the Medicinal Plants Promoting Women's Health in the Punjab Province of Pakistan
Authors: S Urainab
Published: January 2024

Pakistan is home to a wide variety of plants used for medicinal purposes, and its citizens regularly use traditional medicine to treat a wide range of conditions. Research excursions were taken throughout the Punjab province, encompassing various rural and tribally populated regions, to document ethno pharmacological herbs used by females to cure multiple ailments. Many women worldwide use natural remedies, and their numbers continue to grow as more and more people reap the potential of herbal medicines for illness prevention and treatment. Plants have historically been used in Pakistan and the nations around it to treat women's health issues. Medicinal plants play a big part in women's healthcare in many rural places. A significant portion of contemporary medications has been generated from medicinal plants. Historically, plants have developed new treatments with a considerable body of adequate data. In light of this, the study was conducted to learn more about the plants used to treat various issues relating to women's health. According to the results, native plants are used a lot in the Punjab region of Pakistan as essential medicines for women's health problems.
Determination and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Fosamprenavir in Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: N Karnakar
Published: January 2024

A new simple, accurate, profitable, rapid-fire and precise rear phase high performance liquid chromatographic system has been developed for the validated of Fosamprenavir in bulk form and its pharmaceutical lozenge form. Chromatographic separation was carried out on Zorbax C mm mm m Make X terra 18 4.6 X 250 , 5 , ( ) column using a admixture of Acetonitrile Methanol Water (503020 v/ v) as the mobile phase at an inflow rate of1.0ml min , the discovery was carried out at 265nm. The retention time of the Fosamprenavir was set up to be5.462 0.02 ± min . The system was validated according to ICH guidelines for linearity, perceptivity, delicacy, perfection, particularity and robustness. The response was set up to be direct in the medicine attention range of 50 90 − mcg ml for Fosamprenavir. The correlation measure was set up to be 0.999. The LOD and LOQ for Fosamprenavir were set up to be 1.6µg ml and 4.8µg ml independently. The proposed system was set up to be good chance recovery for Fosamprenavir, which indicates that the proposed system is largely accurate. The system perfection for the determination of assay was below 2.0 RSD. The system is useful in the quality control of bulk and retailed pharmaceutical phrasings
Future-Ready Educators: Assessing Digital Competence and Teaching Preparedness Among Prospective Teachers in the 21st Century
Authors: Maghfiroh Ana , Styati Erlik Widiyani , Fachriza Aries , Khoiriyah Khoiriyah , Simpol Wanida , Syaputra Rofi Anwar , Lathifah Lathifah
Published: January 2024

In the 21st century, it is critical for teachers to possess digital competence. This research aims at: (1) measuring prospective teachers’ digital competence levels and (2) exploring their perceptions about teaching readiness in the 21st century. The participants consisted of 6 male and 29 female prospective teachers. The DigCompEdu self-reflection tool was used in this study, with a focus on 6 competencies—teaching, guidance, collaborative learning, self-regulated learning, assessment strategies, and feedback and planning—in combination with a questionnaire on teaching readiness in the 21st century. Data from close-ended questions were analyzed statistically, while data from open-ended questions were analyzed and coded using the NVivo 12 Plus application. The results showed that 6% of the participants were at level A1, 28% were at level A2, 46% were at level B1, 14% were at level B2, and 6% were at level C1 of digital competence, but no one was at level C2. In terms of teaching readiness in the 21st century, only some participants expressed their readiness to integrate a variety of digital technologies in the classroom. This research provides an overview of educational study programs that might be useful for developing prospective teachers’ digital competence in the effort to prepare skillful teachers in the 21st century.
Transcript-Based Lesson Analysis: The Analysis of Classroom Communication in Chemistry Implementing Case-Based and Project-Based Learning
Authors: Winarti Atiek , Iriani Rilia , Butakor Paul Kwame , Meiliawati Ruli , Syarpin Syarpin
Published: January 2024

Previous research studies found that Case-Based Method (CBM) and Project-Based Learning (PBL) models increase student motivation, critical thinking, and problem-solving. However, so far, the success of implementing these models has mostly been based on learning outcomes. Not many research studies have been carried out to reveal the effectiveness of these models by analyzing the learning process. This research is a qualitative descriptive study that aims to analyze classroom communication on solving problems in Chemistry lessons implementing the CBM and PBL models using Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA). TBLA is an analysis method based on communication occurring in the classroom. In this research, TBLA analyzes the classroom communication on solving problems in the Wood Chemistry course at the Department of Chemistry Education, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia. A total of 26 students were involved. The classroom communication was recorded by camcorders and the data were transformed into transcripts.  The data was processed using Excel to produce a TBLA graph. The results show that (1) the ratio of lecturer and student communication intensity using the CBM model in the classroom is 1:3, and the PBL model is 1:1. (2) The CBM model provides a good environment for the development of student HOTS through in-depth multi-directional communication patterns in the problem-solving process. (3) PBL builds better collaboration between students compared to the CBM model. This research implies that the quality of classroom communication can be improved by integrating the HOTS questions and independent group work as implemented in the CBM and PBL models.
Advancing Collaborative Competence: Instrumentation Development and Integration Strategies for Effective Learning
Authors: Suharti Peni , Listiana Lina , Daesusi Ruspeni , Sutarni Sri , Rahmaniati Rita , Zakaria Yusuf , Nagy Emese Kovácsné
Published: January 2024

Collaboration skills are one of the 21st-century skills that are important to develop for stu-dents because they are life tools needed when continuing their studies in school, engaging in society, and in the world of work. As a result, teachers must facilitate students' collaboration skills and measure them. Valid, reliable, and effective instruments are needed to measure students' collaboration skills. This study aims to develop an instrument to measure students' collaboration skills. This research uses a 4-D development model of defining, designing, developing, and Disseminating. At the define stage, it was found that many teachers still needed instruments to measure collaboration skills and determine indicators of collaboration skills. The design results obtained are collaboration instruments in learning. These consist of 9 indicators: contribution, time management, problem-solving, working with others, investi-gative techniques, quality of work, focus on tasks, readiness, and monitoring group effecti-veness. Next, scoring is determined. The instrument was validated by experts and tested in 2 trials. The first trial was conducted at SMAM 7 and SMAM 3 Surabaya in class XI. Vali-dity results stated that the instrument was very valid. The results of trials using the IBSC learning model show that the instrument is reliable and considerably effective in measuring collaboration skills. The novelty of this study resulted in a collaborative instrument worthy of use both theoretically and empirically.
Characteristics of First Aid Types for Pelvic Trauma in Women Injured During Local Military Conflicts
Authors: Maslyakov V. V. , Salov I. A. , Sidelnikov S. A. , Barachevsky Yu. E. , Parshin A. V. , Polidanov M. A.
Published: January 2024

AIM OF STUDY. To assess the types and scope of first aid for pelvic injuries in women in conditions of local military conflict.

   MATERIAL AND METHODS. To achieve this goal, an analysis of injuries received during local military operations carried out in the Republic of Chechnya from 1991 to 2000 was carried out. The treatment was carried out on the basis of the surgical hospital of medical organization No. 9 in Grozny. The severity of the injury was determined retrospectively using the Field Surgery Scale, distinguishing four degrees of severity. Injured patients with combined injuries to the chest, abdomen, and head were excluded. The average age of patients was 34 [28; 40] years. The total number was 86.

   RESULTS. As the study shows, group A included 54 (62.8 %), and group B included 32 (37.2 %) patients. The distribution by group is presented as follows: in group A, 44 (51.2 %) shrapnel wounds, 10 (11.6 %) gunshot wounds. In group B, there were, respectively, 25 shrapnel (29.1 %) and 7 gunshot (8.1 %) wounds. Further analysis showed that penetrating wounds predominated, which were observed in 67 (77.9 %) cases, non-penetrating wounds were only revealed in 19 (22.1 %) cases (r = 0.97, p < 0.05, statistically significant). Distribution by groups: in group A there were 48 (55.8 %) and 6 (7.0 %), respectively, in group B there were 19 (22.1 %) and 13 (15.1 %) observations. Anti-shock measures, which include pain relief and infusion therapy, were carried out in 31 (36.0 %) cases in group A and in 5 (5.8 %) cases in group B (r = 0.97, p < 0 .05, statistically significant). At the same time, in the group of patients where first aid was provided by random witnesses or as self-help, the n
Diagnosis and Treatment of Manifestations of Endothelial Dysfunction in ICU Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Kiselev V. V. , Zhigalova M. S. , Petrikov S. S. , Klychnikova E. V. , Yartsev P. A.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND. Acute pancreatitis is an aseptic inflammation of the demarcation type based on necrosis of pancreatic acinar cells, and enzymatic aggression, followed by expanding necrosis and dystrophy of the gland, in which damage to surrounding tissues, as well as distant organs and systems, and the addition of a secondary purulent infection are possible. An important pathogenetic aspect of the severe course of acute pancreatitis is endothelial dysfunction. The latter often begins as a diffuse activation of coagulation, which further potentiates the progression of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and, thereby, complicates the course of acute pancreatitis. There is a connection between the activation of coagulation and the severity of inflammation. Traumatic tissue injury, followed by hypoperfusion, hemodilution, hypothermia, and acidosis cause acute post-traumatic coagulopathy. The inflammatory process activates the coagulation system, reduces the activity of natural anticoagulants and disrupts the functioning of the fibrinolytic system, thereby leading to thrombosis.

   AIM OF STUDY. Improving the results of treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis by choosing the optimal method of extracorporeal hemocorrection and anticoagulant therapy.

   MATERIAL AND METHODS. The present retrospective-prospective study included 76 patients (50 (65.7 %) men and 26 (34.2 %) women) diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis. To assess the effectiveness of the therapy, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the control group (n=34), based on the retrospective analysis of case histories, included patients who received standard conservative therapy. The severity of the condition was assessed using APACHE II, SOFA, MARSHALL and Ranson scales, and amounted to 16.8 ± 4.2, 3.44 ± 1.32, 2.6 ± 0.64, 3.8 ± 0.52 points, respectively. The main group (n=42) included patients whose treatment was supplemented with the use of low molecular weight heparin preparations, extracorporeal methods of hemocorrection with the inclusion of cytokine adsorption together with renal replacement therapy. The severity of the condition of the 2nd group’s patients was assessed using APACHE II, SOFA, MARSHALL and Ranson scales, and amounted to 16.6 ± 3.4, 3.26 ± 1.24, 2.5 ± 0.72, 3.6 ± 0.48 points, respectively.

   CONCLUSION. As a result of expanded therapeutic tactics for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) using sorption methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection, anticoagulant therapy with low molecular weight heparin, as well as the inclusion of saline enteral solution in the therapeutic regimen to restore intestinal propulsive function, it was possible to reduce the number of purulent-septic complications by 1.6 times, cases of development of multiple organ failure by 1.5 times, and mortality by 1.7 times.
Modern Approaches to Surgical Treatment of Mechanical Injuries of the Esophagus
Authors: Gasanov M. A. , Danielyan Sh. N. , Abakumov M. M.
Published: January 2024

Mechanical damage to the esophagus is a severe urgent pathology characterized by the development of life-threatening complications. With all the variety of modern diagnostic and treatment technologies, the mortality rate in this category of patients remains quite high, which requires the search for new approaches to this problem. An analysis of modern approaches to the treatment of mechanical injuries of the esophagus and their complications was carried out. In the practice of surgery for esophageal injuries, minimally invasive technologies are becoming increasingly common, including endovideosurgical and oral endoscopic interventions. A special place in this is occupied by endoscopic vacuum therapy, which results have been sufficiently studied in the treatment of complications of gastrointestinal surgery. At the same time, the use of this technology in patients with mechanical damage to the esophagus is limited to small series of observations, which requires further study.
Anatomical Rationale for the Choice of Surgical Intervention for an Ingrown Nail
Authors: Makhmudov Sh. A. , Fominykh E. M. , Zubritsky V. F. , Kanibolotsky A. A. , Varfolomeyeva P. D. , Platonova G. A. , Rogovaya O. S.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND. An ingrown toenail is one of the reasons for surgical intervention: it accounts for up to 20 % of all operations in clinics. At the same time, conservative and surgical approaches to treatment are not reliable enough: up to 70% of cases are complicated by relapses.

   AIM OF STUDY. To study the topographic location and ratio of cells in the growth zone of the nail plate, necessary for planning the volume of intervention in the treatment of ingrown toenails.

   MATERIAL AND METHODS. The material for conducting our own research was samples of the cadaver nail complex, without identified pathologies, from 20 objects of different ages and genders. Studies were carried out using histological, immunofluorescent and microscopic methods.

   The results were compared with available literature data, clarifying the most important structural features. The data obtained will make it possible to reasonably plan the volume of intervention during operations for ingrown nails, as well as to reduce the number of unsatisfactory results of operations on the nail complex in case of injury and nail diseases.
Full Thickness Flap of the Greater Pectoral Muscle for Poststernotomy Mediastinitis
Authors: Medvedchikov-Ardiya M. A. , Korymasov E. A. , Benyan A. S.
Published: January 2024

Poststernotomy mediastinitis is the most severe and dangerous complication in cardiac surgery. Treatment of such patients still poses great difficulties for the surgeon dealing with this problem. At the reconstructive stage, they consist in the lack of criteria for choosing a method of plastic surgery and standardized surgical technologies. The use of autologous tissues is generally performed: greater omentum and muscle flaps. The article presents the experience of treating a patient with poststernotomy mediastinitis. The surgery was two-staged. The effectiveness of using vacuum-assisted dressings has been demonstrated. Performing final debridement and wound preparation followed by repair of the defect with a full-thickness flap of the pectoralis major muscle on the perforating branch of the internal thoracic artery led to the patient’s recovery.
Establishing the concept of the public as a requirement of the post-war social order of Ukraine
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bunyk Mykola
Published: January 2024

The term public is an established term used in the scientific and political- administrative terminology of Western societies. It denotes a certain basic concept of social relations on which these societies are built. Such terms as public sphere, public service, public enterprises, public administration, public policy have become widely used. At the same time, in Ukraine, despite the changes that took place after 2014, until now, the dominant concept of the political and administrative sphere remains the state. The article argues for the need to establish the public as a basic concept for the development of the political and administrative system of Ukraine and the necessary conditions for its European integration. The implementation of the concept of the public is not about denying the state as such (it is and will probably remain a central political institution for a long time), it is about overcoming the totalitarian past, it is about returning to tradition and integration into the European civilizational space. It is also about setting accents and priorities, about the nature of relations between citizens and public authorities. The implementation of the concept of the public in the theory and practice of managerial activity should be continued. The experience of the development of Ukrainian society in recent years, and especially during the Russian aggression, shows that Ukrainians have no piety before the state, that they achieve the greatest success when they fight for their res publica together, regardless of status and position. This experience should become the basis for the establishment of real public governance in Ukraine.
Design of a Vending Machine Using Verilog HDL and Implementation in Genus & Encounter
Authors: Fuad Mahamudul Hassan , Yeassin Rahbaar , Hassan K. M. Mehedi , Sykot Md Mahamudunnobi , Nayan Md Faysal
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes the design, implementation, and verification of a vending machine using the Finite State Machine (FSM) methodology in Verilog HDL. The FSM is used to manage the multiple states of the vending machine, including “idle,” “accepting coins,” “dispensing item,” and “returning change.” The implementation of the vending machine is done in Verilog HDL, and the FSM is implemented as a state diagram. The design is then synthesized using the Genus synthesis tool and implemented using the Encounter implementation tool. The Genus tool uses advanced optimization techniques, such as timing-driven placement and clock tree synthesis, to improve the design’s performance and area. The Encounter tool performs physical design, including placement and routing, to meet the design’s timing, power, and area constraints. To validate the design’s correctness and functionality, a test bench is created to simulate the behavior of the vending machine. The simulation results are then used to verify that the design meets the required specifications and that the FSM behaves as expected. The proposed design is then can be implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to demonstrate its effectiveness in a real-world scenario. The results of the implementation are presented and analyzed to validate the design’s performance, power consumption, and area. Overall, the vending machine using FSM in Verilog HDL, implemented in Genus and Encounter, provides a reliable and efficient solution for users to purchase items from the machine. The proposed design and implementation demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach, and the results show that the design meets the required specifications and performs well in a real-world scenario.
Jazykový obraz sveta v ruských a slovenských metaforických hádankách o slnku a mesiaci
Authors: Jadroňová Mariya
Published: January 2024

The main goal of this paper is a semantic and quantitative analysis of the linguistic picture of the world of Russian and Slovak metaphorical riddles about the sun and the moon. We analysed 200 riddles (138 Russian and 62 Slovak) from folk and author's anthologies. In total, our documentary material contained 374 metaphorical transmissions (of which 241 were Russian and 133 were Slovak). Based on the analysis of the texts of the riddles, we found that the mentioned celestial bodies are interpreted in a similar way by Slovak and Russian speakers. Their metaphorical coding in both languages is most often realized on the basis of personification, through which they are perceived as people or human activities or states are attributed to them. Since the Slovak and Russian languages belong to the same group of Slavic languages, the motifs of the moon and the sun appear in their riddles, which are completely identical. In addition to personification, metaphorical coding is often realised in them using the names of animals and their parts, objects from everyday life and food. In most cases, these metaphorical transfers are based on similarity of form and colour.
Hendrik Conscience in Slovak reception: translations of the Flemish writer in 19th cenutry Slovak context
Authors: Bossaert Benjamin
Published: January 2024

In this article, an outline of the famous Flemish writer Hendrik Conscience and his translations in Slovak reception is provided, with some additions from his international context, relevant in reception research. Some key publications in this context from Wilken Engelbrecht (Engelbrecht 2021) are supplemented by more recent archival research in Slovakia by the author. Engelbrecht (2018) further argues that the Slovak translations of Conscience arose independently of the Czech editions, in a different order and in a different literary context. He also argues that Conscience's popularity and position is different in the Slovak context, where the Catholic milieu is more emphasised and publications in Slovak were more under pressure from (Hungarian) censorship bodies. The contribution uses the findings of the comparative literature scholar Lieven D´Hulst. His (2013 and 2019) comparative studies on Conscience's reception are interesting because they offer some interesting research questions and a methodology. First of all, he examines whether the translated literature in question is able to fill specific "formal, generic or thematic niches in the target literature, especially than those niches for which the target literature itself has no or limited supply (D´Hulst 2013, p. 251)." The thesis of D´Hulst is applied on the Slovak case study within the first period of the translations of Conscience. The article presents an example of a Conscience adaptation within the Budapest-based Catholic circles of Slovak intelligentsia.
INVESTIGATING EFL STUDENTS’ ONLINE ENGAGEMENT IN ZOOM MAIN ROOM AND BREAKOUT ROOMS
Authors: Natalie Regina Yoantika , Purnamaningwulan Rina Astuti
Published: January 2024

Zoom as one of the video conference applications facilitates synchronous online learning through its main room and breakout rooms features. This research aimed to compare students’ online engagement in Zoom main room and Breakout rooms. It also explored the extent to which group discussions could facilitate students' online engagement through Zoom Breakout rooms. Ninety-one EFL students participated in this mixed-method study. Quantitative data were collected using 24-item questionnaires addressed to two different groups of students: breakout room and main room students. Qualitative data were collected by interviewing six respondents from the breakout room group to explore their opinions regarding the breakout room’s effectiveness in promoting online engagement. The independent sample t-test towards the quantitative data revealed a significant difference between online engagement that occurred in the Breakout room compared to the Zoom main room (t=-4.922, df=89, p0.05). Further, it was found that Zoom breakout rooms were able to facilitate online engagement in the five engagement aspects, namely social, collaborative, behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. These findings imply that Zoom Breakout rooms can be optimized to boost online engagement.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ SINIR KAVRAMINA YÖNELİK METAFORİK ALGILARI
Authors: DURMUŞ Esen , KINACI Müşerref Kübra , KORKMAZ Gizem Penbenaz
Published: January 2024

Sınır kelimesi coğrafi bir ifadenin yanı sıra hem psikolojik hem de siyasi anlamlar çağrıştırmaktadır. Bu durumdan yola çıkarak çalışmada “sınır kavramının” sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adayları tarafından nasıl algılandığının metaforlar yoluyla ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, olgubilim desen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Fırat Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği programında yer alan ve öğrenimine devam eden 1,2,3 ve 4. Sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya 200 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak ilgili çalışmalarda da kullanılan “sınır………...benzer/gibidir; çünkü………” biçiminde bir cümlenin içinde yer aldığı yarım bırakılmış bir form kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda “sınır” kavramı ile ilgili 200 katılımcının toplam 131 metafor ürettiği belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların sınır kavramı ile ilişkili olarak “hayat, duvar, ev, kapı, özgürlük, çerçeve, çizgi, ekvator, insan, aile, coğrafi konum ve vatan” gibi metaforlar ürettiği görülmektedir. Yapılan tanımlar ile sınır, aidiyet, koruma, ayırma, denetleyici ve bağlayıcı olma gibi özellikleri içeren, haritalarda gösterilen çizgiler, hatlar veya kuşaklar olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bu tanımlardan da anlaşıldığı üzere sınırın farklı şekillerde ifade edilip, farklı kavram veya benzetmelerle ele alındığı ve katılımcıların sınır metaforlarının da bu doğrultuda olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Efficacy of concomitant early summer treatment with fenbendazole and clorsulon against Fasciola hepatica and gastrointestinal nematodes in calves in Louisiana
Authors: Malone J. B. , Williams J. C. , Lutz M. , Fagan N. , Jacocks M. , Jones E. , Marbury K. , Willis E.
Published: January 2024

The efficacy, safety, and compatibility of fenbendazole (fbz) and clorsulon (cln) were tested after oral administration of label recommended and of higher (5 ×) dosage rates to calves naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and Fasciola hepatica. Results for 42 calves allotted to 4 treatment groups indicated a similar efficacy against mature F hepatica by fbz (5 mg/kg of body weight) and cln (7 mg/kg) in a combined oral suspension, compared with cln (7 mg/kg) alone (100 vs 99% reduction). A lesser efficacy was observed against immature flukes (88.6 and 84.9% reduction, respectively). Calves given 25 mg of fbz/kg and 35 mg of cln/kg had nearly complete reduction of both mature (99.6%) and immature flukes (99.1%). Fasciola egg counts were reduced by > 99.5% in all treated groups. Against Ostertagia ostertagi, the percentage ofe fficacy of the combined fbz (5 mg/kg) and cln (7 mg/kg) treatment was 94.3% against adults and 81.3% against inhibited larvae. Efficacy against all other nematodes was 100%, except against Cooperia spp adults (98.3%) and immature Oesaphagostomum radiatum (88.0%). At 5 × dosage rates for fbz and cln, percentage of removal of adults and inhibited larvae of O ostertagi was 99.3 and 99.0%, respectively, and 99 to 100% for other nematodes. Results indicate that fbz and cln are compatible when mixed together and administered as an oral suspension to cattle and that the efficacy is similar to that of the drugs individually. On the basis of further results, we suggest that summer treatment may be superior in preventive value for gastrointestinal nematodes and F hepatica, compared with spring treatment, because of seasonal infection dynamics of the major cattle parasites in Louisiana.
Scanning electron microscopy of pathologic changes in the epithelial surfaces of the uterus and uterine tubes of cows
Authors: Bollo Enrico , Biolatti Bartolomeo , Pau Saluatore , Galloni Marco
Published: January 2024

Genital tracts from 15 cows with catarrhal and purulent inflammation of the uterus and uterine tubes, cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium, or hydrosalpinx were evaluated by use of scanning electron microscopy to determine epithelial changes associated with these conditions. Uterine epithelium was revealed to be easily damaged, even in the course of mild inflammation, whereas epithelium of the uterine tube was more resistant.
Mathematical model for the impact of a pseudorabies epizootic on the productivity of a farrow-to-finish operation
Authors: Grenfell Bryan T. , Smith Gary
Published: January 2024

A fully age-structured deterministic model of the population biology of a pseudorabies epizootic in a farrow-tofinish operation was used to examine the disease-related change in productivity following the initial disease episode. A strategy involving continual sow vaccination was compared with various strategies involving the vaccination of growing pigs, as well as sows. The model suggests that vaccinating growing pigs, in addition to the breeding herd, results in only a relatively small improvement in long-term productivity fol lowing a pseudorabies epizootic.
Plasmid content of piliated and nonpiliated forms of Moraxella bovis
Authors: Wilt G. R. , Wu Gin , Bird R. C. , Toivio-Kinnucan M.
Published: January 2024

Plasmid profiles were compared between nonpiliated and piliated forms of Moraxella bovis isolates. The piliated form of M bovis isolate IBH64 contained 1 fewer plasmid than did the nonpiliated form. Piliated and nonpiliated cells of IBH64 contained plasmids having molecular size of 45, 32.8, 4.9, and 4.6 kilobases (kb). Single- and double-restriction endonuclease digestion by Ava I and Nde I indicated that the size of the additional plasmid carried by the nonpiliated form of IBH64 was approximately 43.6 kb. The M bovis isolates, Newport and GRS, contained the same number of plasmids in either their piliated or nonpiliated form.