bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Aid for Blind People
Authors: Patel Krishna
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Eyesight is one of the most useful living organisms, but visually impaired people do not realize that sense. They are unable to see the beauty of nature. Not all the problems of the visually impaired can be solved but with the help of modern technology life could be made easier for them. In this era, where everybody tends to be independent in order to survive, people with lack of visuality find it almost not possible. Blindness is a very common disability across the world. Our project is designed in order to give blind people a helping end in overcoming their daily life challenges. The “Smart Aid for Blind People” project consists of Ultrasonic sensors for detection of obstacles like a car, staircase and alert the person with the help of in-built buzzer and a voice module. It also detects the motion of the object by Sensors. We have also used vibrating motor and voice module for sending alert message to the blind person. The overall aim of the project is to provide a safety and convenience to blind people. Keywords: Blind People, Ultrasonics sensors, Voice Module, Arduino Microcontroller, Wearable Device, Ear Phone, Buzzer, Obstacle.
A Study on the Preferred Teaching Styles and Factors Motivating Students of the New-Age Education System- With Special Reference to Ranchi District
Authors: Mishra Priya
Published: October 2021

Abstract:‘Motivation’ is that factor which acts as a driving force for students to work consistently towards achieving excellence. Owing to the diverse culture and socio-economic factors, different students are motivated differently. Hence, it becomes an extremely challenging task for the educators to be able to impact and influence the entire class and motivate them equally. As such, it becomes a task for the educators to identify the different motivating factors for the learners and to blend their teaching styles in such a manner, that suits the varied needs and requirements of the classroom. The aim of the research was to identify the teaching style preferred most by the students and the different factors motivating them to persevere to achieve their desired goals. The responses so collected with the help of the questionnaire, revealed that the respondents(students) showed a special inclination towards the ‘Coach-Style Teaching Method’, which points at the deviation from the traditional teaching styles and definitely hints at the changes in the modern education system fueled by technology, social media and changes in attitudes and preferences. The results of the paper will be specially suitable for teachers, lecturers, research scholars, psychologists, counselors and other members of the education-ecology interested in enhancing the outcome of the teaching-learning process. Keywords: Teaching Styles, Motivation, Teaching-Learning processes, Motivation Theories
Comparison of Seismic Performance of RCC Normal Structure, Structure with Shear Wall and Structure with Friction Damper
Authors: Haq Asrarul
Published: October 2021

Abstract: There are several natural calamities, including flooding. worst natural disaster – quake, drought, tornado, hurricanes, and earthquake are the most devastating. Since it leaves a trail of injuries and financial losses fear-inducing behaviors. Implementation is necessary When it comes to earthquake codes in building design, earthquakes are like a wake a wake-up call is made. Urban areas in India are seeing a growth in the popularity of medium-rise as well as high rise R.C.-framed apartment complexes with storey counts ranging from 8 to 10 and even greater than 20. R.C. framed buildings of these heights are equipped with shear walls to resist lateral loads. Thus, it's important to understand how they affect storey drift and stiffness, as well as shear and moments, as well as stress within the shear walls. In order to determine the strength of the building's shear wall, a three-dimensional analysis is performed by Response spectrum. In this study we will be using a shear wall on one structure and friction dampers on another, we will create and analyses a 30-story high-rise structure and compare the results based on the parameters listed above, by using E-tabs software. Keywords: E-tabs, Response spectrum, Friction damper, Shear wall, Earthquake
EVALUATION OF POSTURE AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN FEMALES UNDERGONE MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY
Authors: Deshpande Shruti
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer is most common cancer in females. Modified radical mastectomy is operation in female which affects social life and physical life. There is also slightly moderate in quality of life in female undergone modified radical mastectomy. The aim of the study was to find “Evaluation of Posture and Quality Of Life in Females undergone Modified Radical Mastectomy’’ This study was carried out in Physiotherapy OPD, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College and AVBRH, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha. The objectives included to evaluate posture in female’s undergone Modified radical mastectomy and to evaluate Quality of life. The present study titled “Evaluation of Posture and Quality of Life in females undergone Modified Radical Mastectomy” which comprised of 35 females. The present study showed that slight changes in posture in females undergone modified radical mastectomy and moderately hampered in social domain of quality of life. From the present study we concluded that there is slight changes in posture in female patients undergone MRM and there is good quality of life in physical , psychological , environment domain and moderate quality of life in social domain. This study will helps in evaluating posture and QOL after Modified radical mastectomy. Hence after every modified radical mastectomy conditions, therapists always follow ergonomics to prevent bad posture and improve quality of life. Hence, the evaluation of posture and QOL should be include in all assessment proformas related MRM conditions.
IMPACT OF DIASTASIS RECTI ABDOMINIS AND LOW BACK PAIN ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN POST-PARTUM FEMALE
Authors: Desphande Shruti
Published: October 2021

The literature defines DRA as a gap of more than two fingerbreadths between two rectal abdominal muscle bellies, either above or below the umbilicus. Separation is referred to as DRA. Female diastasis recti is more common in postpartum women. Lower back pain is the most common cause of daily activity limitation in postpartum females. Post-partum women express concerns about their mobility, pain, and normal activities, all of which have an impact on an individual's quality of life. The study aimed to check the Impact of diastasis recti and low back pain on quality of life in post-partum females. This research will be conducted at the Physiotherapy OPD at Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College and the AVBRH in Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha. Post-partum females will be evaluated for diastasis recti. The effect of diastasis recti and low back pain on postpartum females' quality of life. The current study significantly showed that the correlation between diastasis recti and quality of life with satisfaction is -0.473r, and the correlation between diastasis recti and importance is -0.452r, and the correlation between low back pain and quality of life is 0.025r.So the present study shows that an increase in inter rectal distance and low back pain will affect the quality of life in postpartum females. From the present study, we can conclude that an increase in rectal distance and lower back pain have an impact on the quality of life of postpartum females.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF DIASTASIS RECTI IN PRIMIPARA AND MULTIPARA UNDERGONE FULL TERM NORMAL DELIVERY
Authors: Deshpande Shruti
Published: October 2021

After pregnancy, Diastasis Recti is fairly frequent in women. It happens when the rectus abdominis muscles separate along the linea alba, causing the linea alba to expand. Diastasis recti is caused by a number of reasons. Multiple pregnancies and hormonal factors are the first and most apparent. Because of the elevated levels of relaxin, progesterone, and oestrogen during pregnancy, the linea alba weakens due to connective tissue softening. Diastasis recti should be treated as soon as possible in women. Dial calipers are used to assess diastasis recti in women who have just given birth. A dial caliper is a basic and quick measurement tool. The aim of the present study was to find out “Prevalence of Diastasis Recti in Primipara and Multipara Undergone Full Term Normal Delivery”. This study was carried out in Physiotherapy OPD, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College and AVBRH, (Sawangi) Wardha. Diastasis recti was evaluated in full term normal delivery females. Diastasis recti was compared in primipara and multipara using dial calliper. The total number of full term normal delivery females in this study was 80 from the age group 22-37, of which 36 were primipara and 44 were multipara, and it showed that inter-rectal distance is greater in multipara while it was less in primipara.. From the present study we can conclude that there is presence of diastasis recti more in multipara than compared to primipara undergone full term normal delivery
CORRELATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WITH FEAR OF FALL IN PATIENTS WITH TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Deshpande Shruti
Published: October 2021

An older patient who has had total knee replacement surgery may be afraid about falling. Fear of falling following TKR and its effects on physical activity have received little attention. The purpose of this study was to see if there was a link between physical activity and fear of falling in individuals with TKR. The PASE Scale is used to measure physical activity. The fall efficacy scale is reliable measure for assessing fear of falling. The objective of the current study was to assess physical activity and fear of fall and to find Correlation of physical activity with fear of fall in patients with TKR. This research was conducted in the Physiotherapy OPD, in AVBRH Hospital in Wardha. The results of 60 TKR patients were studied. The PASE scale and the FES were used to measure physical activity and fear of falling, respectively. This study significantly showed that the correlation between PASE and FES was negative which means that there is Fear of Fall among participants who undergone TKR which was associated with decrease in physical activity score. Most of the studies indicated that there is decrease in physical activity in patients with TKR but very few studies indicated fear of fall in the patients. Therefore, the current study is being carried out which could help to reach the conclusion to find whether there is any correlation between physical activity and fear of fall in patients undergone TKR.
RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: Kalaivani K.
Published: October 2021

Diabetes Mellitus has an array of micro vascular complications most notably retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy of which retinopathy is the most common. Diabetic Retinopathy can cause permanent vision loss due to capillary non-perfusion, macular edema, vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment and neo-vascular glaucoma. This study had been carried out to assess the presence of retinopathy; to find out the influence of demographic and biochemical variables mainly micro albuminuria, duration of Diabetes Mellitus, glycemic levels on the prevalence and severity of retinopathy in type 2 Diabetes. After ethical approval, two hundred type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients fitting our criteria were enrolled. History and patient details were recorded. Body mass index was calculated. Clinical examination with slit lamp bio microscopy was done and Diabetic Retinopathy was graded according to the International Classification system. Patients’ blood sugar, HbA1C, cholesterol, urea and creatinine values were recorded. Spot urine sample was tested for micro albuminuria. The data were analysed and compared using appropriate tests. Retinopathy prevalence was 65.5% and was significantly more in insulin users (71.8%). The prevalence of micro albuminuria was 52% and 93.3% of them had Diabetic Retinopathy. Elevated postprandial blood sugar and HbA1C levels were significantly associated with the prevalence and severity of Retinopathy. Micro albuminuria was identified as the significant variable associated with the development and progression of Retinopathy and hence can be taken as a marker to prevent avoidable blindness.
INTRA ARTICULAR PLATELET RICH PLASMA'S FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN EARLY KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Ponde Saurabh
Published: October 2021

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a low-grade, functional inflammatory disease that causes functional impairment and dysfunction. Obesity and age are two of the main risk factors, with costs ranging from 1.0% to 2.5% of gross domestic product. KOA was previously thought to be an autoimmune disease; however, the growing body of data shows that two well-connected parts of the synovial joint, the subchondral bone (SB) and the synovial membrane (SM), are directly involved in the degeneration of articular cartilage (AC). Intra-articular delivery is the most common way to get platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into AC, SM, and synovial fluid (SF), and has been shown to be safe and effective in reducing pain and increasing joint function in patients with mild KOA. SB, on the other hand, deals with structural changes in people with severe KOA, including gradual subchondral bone marrow transplantation by fibro neurovascular mesenchyme tissue, bone marrow transplantation, bone marrow lesions (BMLs), osteophytes, sclerosis, and stiffness of SB. Intrusion into PRP is not enough to reach SB in this situation, reducing its effectiveness. This is an upcoming study that followed 50 knees for about six months. At one-month intervals, two intra-articular injections were given. Outcome was measured using the WOMAC and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after the second injection, and at 1, 3 and 6 months following the second injection. All scores improved significantly over time compared to pre-treatment rates (p 0.001). The baseline VAS score was 7.62, which decreased significantly to 3.56 at the end of the study (pain reduction by 48 percent). PRP injections in the knees help to treat osteoarthritis of grade I and II. The results of the study showed a significant decrease in symptoms in people aged 40 to 60 years.
AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE NEUROPSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SUSPECTED AND POSITIVE PATIENTS IN NORTHERN INDIA
Authors: Bisht JS
Published: October 2021

Psychotherapy and grief reduction have been the mainstays of mental health care. Mental health on the other hand, is distinct from the lack of ‘Mental Illness in that it encompasses psychological, social, and psychological wellbeing. The purpose of this study is to assess the Hamilton Depression Rating in COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care facility in Northern India. An observational study of Covid-19 positive individuals hospitalized to a tertiary healthcare centre in northern India was conducted. Over the course of six months, 1040 Covid-19 positive/ suspected individuals were enrolled in this study. The HDRS (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression) was designed with hospital patients in mind, stressing the physical signs and symptoms of depression. The HAM-D scale is used to assess the severity of depression in patients with Covid-19. Despite the fact that there are 21 sections, the patient's score is based on the first 17 responses. During the six-month research period, a total of 1040 covid-19 suspected and positive patients were admitted. There were 240 covid-19 positive patients and 800 covid-19 suspicious patients out of a total of 1040. In positive patients, anxiety was present in 95.83 percent, mood change in 55 percent, and fear of death 23.33 percent; in suspected covid-19 patients, anxiety was present in 57 percent, mood alteration in 19 percent, and fear of death 13.5 percent. According to current research, severe COVID-19 may produce delirium in the acute stage of disease, followed by depression, anxiety, lethargy, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the long term.
SYNTHESIS AND MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS OF OXAZETIDINE DERIVATIVES FOR NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Authors: Bhusnure O.G.
Published: October 2021

A series of Oxazetidine (NL1-NL12) from reacting tryptophan and aromatic aldehydes were synthesized in good yields by involving 2-{[(4-chlorophenyl) methylidene] amino}-3-(1H-indol-3-yl) propanoic acid and chloro acetyl chloride as reactive intermediates. All the synthesized derivatives were screened via spectral techniques. Synthesized molecules were virtually screened against Human A2A Adenosine receptor interactions analysis using molecular docking to elucidate CNS potential. Synthesized derivatives showed excellent binding towards the Human A2A Adenosine receptor.
Role of vitamin D3 level and Apo-B/Apo-A1 ratio in patients with unstable angina in Kerbala province, Iraq
Authors: Al-Tuâ€™ma Fadhil Jawad , Mohammed Zahraa Mohsen , Al-Sarraf Haidar Hussein
Published: October 2021

Objectives Vitamin D deficiency may be responsible for endothelial dysfunction which in turn affects the onset and progression of coronary artery disease and its risk factors. The Apo B/Apo AI ratio indicates the balance between atherogenic and anti atherogenic particles, the higher the value, the higher is the cardiovascular risk. The aim of study is to find a possible association between unstable angina and vitamin D3, Apo A1, Apo B, and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio and other risk factors (age, body mass index and smoking).Methods This case-control study was conducted during the period from Nov. 2015 to Sep. 2016. A total of 40 patients of unstable angina presented with typical chest pain to the coronary care unit in Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Al-Hussein Medical City/ Kerbala. The diagnosis was based on the clinical history and electrocardiography. A total of 50 persons were matched in age, gender and BMI as a control group. The procedures were measured using Auto Immunoassay Analyzer.Results Vitamin D3 deficiency (< 30 ng/mL) was prevalent in unstable angina (UA) compared with controls (vitamin D3 â‰¥ 30 ng/mL) (odds ratio [OR], 21.93; 95%, confidence interval [CI], 5.91â€“81.31; P < 0.001). The results obtained that serum 25(OH) D3 was highly significant in smoker compared with non-smoker in both groups (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, respectively). The serum Apo B, Apo A1 and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio were highly significant between both groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). On the other hand, vitamin D3 recorded significant correlation with each of the age and BMI in control group (all P < 0.01).Conclusion The present study showed a highly significant association between vitamin D3, Apo B, Apo A1 levels, Apo B/Apo A1 ratio and unstable angina as compared with the control group, and significant correlation between vitamin D3 and age, BMI and smoking.
Evaluation of the link between pelvimetry based on computed tomography and predicting statusâ€™ delivery
Authors: Mirgalobayat Shahla , Ghahari Laya , Allahqoli Leila , Saadat Mostafavi Seyed Reza , Safari Katayoun , Rikhtehgar Masih , RamezanGhorbani Ali , Madadian Mohmoodreza
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
The aim of this study is an anthropometric study in non-pregnant reproductive-aged women to predicting kind of delivery.
Methods:
This study was based on the archived information of Hazrat-e Rasool university hospital on 157 generative age women from 16 to 60 years old. who underwent CT between March of 2015 until March of 2018.
Results:
The obtained results showed that the three conjugates on sagittal plane, transverse diameter, anteroposterior sagittal diameter, interspinous diameter and intertuberous diameter on the coronal plane. The obstetrical conjugate was (123.3 mm in normal vaginal delivery and 113.9 mm in Cesarean section) which it was slightly longer than delivery group. The mean interspinous and intertuberous diameters measured by CT scans were 105.0 mm and 107.4 mm.
Conclusion:
The results of our study showed that because of the reduction in diameter of the inlet and middle pelvis, the rate of cesarean section was higher in under 35 years ages.
Gender differences in the severity and features of lesions among Cutaneous Leishmaniasis patients
Authors: Al-khayat Zakarea Abdullah Yaseen , Agha Nabaz Fisal Shakir , Alharmni Kawthar Ibrahim Fatah
Published: October 2021

Objective: To determine if there is any differences in the severity and features of  lesions among   patients  complaining of  cutaneous leishmaniasis  in an endemic region .
Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was performed ( January 2014 to June 2019 ) in the dermatology clinics of : Rizgary Hospital , Hawler teaching center for Skin Diseases, Shadi Health Center, Hawler Institute of Health Prevention. All the patients were referred  from both rural districts of Makhmur and Kalack. The provisional diagnosis was dependent mainly on clinical examination in addition to Giemsa stain. Parasite (amastigote) grading and distribution of number, site, type and size of lesions according to the gender of patients were studied .
Results: A total of 1264 cutaneous leishmaniasis cases were diagnosed during the study period . According to stain results, 70.6% of the cases were positive to Giemsa stain. Parasite grading  and  parasite number /field  were  higher significantly in males .  Features of case severity according to the characters of the lesions (number, size, site, type) were more noted in males than females.  
Conclusions: Male patients are more  prone to more severe infections than females.
Caracterización, inclusión y participación de la mujer policía en Colombia. Análisis 1994 - 2021
Authors:   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D. C., Colombia, Hernández-González Ángel Uriel , Echeverri-Petti Luce Marina ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D. C., Colombia, Cortés-Olarte Gonzalo Andrés ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D. C., Colombia
Published: October 2021

Se exponen los resultados de la investigación sobre la caracterización, inclusión y participación de la mujer policía en Colombia durante los últimos 27 años, analizando los datos demográficos de 24.025 mujeres policías. Se utilizó un diseño cuantitativo-descriptivo, de tipo no experimental con corte transversal, a partir del análisis de registros administrativos institucionales que reposan en el Sistema de Información para la Administración del Talento Humano (SIATH), extraídos mediante el uso del software Oracle Discoverer, organizados a departir variables sociodemográficas y criterios explicativos-secuenciales. Los resultados demuestran que, para la última década, la Policía Nacional ha sido pionera en el cambio de paradigmas, tanto en participación como en empoderamiento y reconocimiento profesional y social de la mujer a través de la adopción de prácticas sostenidas de inclusión y participación, venciendo imaginarios sociales y falsas limitaciones impuestas a nivel cultural en lo que al sexo-género se refiere. Este estudio es una iniciativa que aporta a la formación de las nuevas generaciones de policías, del cual se concluye que la profesión policial no es exclusivamente masculina.
A avaliação da aprendizagem e as tecnologias digitais: apontamentos para a prática pedagógica
Authors: De Queiroz Gonçalves Gláucia Signorelli , Nunes Klivia De Cássia Silva , Souza Raquel Aparecida
Published: October 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo é contribuir para a reflexão sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem e sua relação com o uso das tecnologias digitais na prática pedagógica. Parte-se do pressuposto que uma proposta de avaliação que utiliza as ferramentas digitais como estratégia pedagógica, deve promover a interação entre conteúdo e forma e permitir ao aluno dar um salto qualitativo na aprendizagem. O texto apresenta-se em forma de um ensaio teórico, na interlocução com autores que discutem concepções e práticas de avaliação da aprendizagem e as tecnologias digitais e a inter-relação entre ambas. A partir de dois exemplos de instrumentos digitais, fórum e portfólio, nossos apontamentos se direcionam para a avaliação da aprendizagem mediada por tecnologias digitais numa concepção que ultrapassa a mera técnica e se propõe a contribuir para o desenvolvimento de um processo avaliativo prazeroso e emancipatório.
Estudo de validade de conteúdo por meio da avaliação de juízes de uma escala de autoeficácia socioemocional para adultos
Authors: Pacanaro Silvia Verônica , Rabelo Ivan Santana , Leme Irene Sá
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar a análise de conteúdo para levantamento de evidências de validade na pesquisa de construção da Escala de Autoeficácia Socioemocional - EAESE. Para isso contou com itens elaborados, na forma de assertivas que descrevem atitudes, crenças e sentimentos, sobretudo, dentro do contexto de situações associadas aos aspectos socioemocionais. Na pesquisa foram tabulados e verificado o Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo (CVC). Foram avaliados dois aspectos da Validade de Conteúdo: Pertinência e Clareza. Os resultados contribuíram para a seleção dos 60 itens, com CVC geral da escala de 0,97; enquanto separadamente, as médias dos resultados de IVC também foram de 0,97 para Clareza e de 0,97 para Pertinência. Neste sentido, foram alcançados bons índices de concordância entre os juízes na elaboração dos itens da Escala.
Avaliação da Implementação de Políticas e Programas Públicos no Brasil: uma discussão das dimensões analíticas
Authors: LIMA WANDILSON ALISSON SILVA , Mendes Vera Lúcia Peixoto Santos
Published: October 2021

A avaliação de políticas e programas públicos brasileiros tem sido um dispositivo indispensável no aprimoramento da gestão governamental. Este ensaio teórico tem o objetivo de discutir as dimensões conceituais-analíticas para avaliação da implementação de políticas e programas públicos no Brasil. O estudo foi construído a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que além dos artigos científicos, utilizou-se livros e frameworks para a constituição das dimensões analíticas. Essas dimensões foram concebidas por análise de: conteúdo da formulação, contexto, processo de implementação, recursos, atores sociais envolvidos e alcance. Espera-se que os achados subsidiem pesquisas que busquem avaliar a implementação de diversas políticas e programas públicos brasileiros, de acordo com as especificidades contextuais e limitações.
Ensino Médio Integrado à Formação Profissional: uma avaliação do Programa Dupla Escola
Authors: Rosário dos Santos André Luis , Vilarinho Lúcia Regina Goulart
Published: October 2021

Para enfrentar os atuais desafios da educação profissional, o Senac estabeleceu um convênio com a Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (Seeduc), visando promover a formação profissional técnica articulada com o ensino médio. Este convênio, situado no âmbito do programa Dupla Escola, teve como finalidade a formação plena do estudante, a partir do desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades essenciais para a aprendizagem permanente, contemplando o seu desenvolvimento para atuar como cidadão do mundo globalizado. O presente estudo buscou avaliar a implementação deste currículo integrado, que articulou o ensino médio e o curso Técnico em Logística. Para tanto, usou-se a abordagem avaliativa centrada em objetivos e, com base em referencial teórico específico, foi construído um Quadro de Categorias Avaliativas, do qual derivou-se o instrumento que ponderou a concordância do corpo docente com a integração realizada por meio de suas práticas pedagógicas. Os resultados revelam um nível elevado de aceitação entre os docentes pesquisados, os quais contribuíram para a efetivação do Programa Dupla Escola.
Assessment of the impact of current weather forecasts in the task of space survey planning
Authors: Rozin Peter E. , Smolyaninov Yuri A.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the actual task of planning the work of a group of different types of spacecraft for remote sensing of the Earth. An enlarged algorithm for solving the planning problem for different types of spacecraft is described. The result of the enlarged algorithm is sought in the form of a set of reference plans for groups of similar spacecraft, thinned out by removing some of the conflicting operations of resetting the sensing data. The characteristics of the developed plans largely depend on the methodology used to account for the impact of cloud cover. The possibility of implementing a methodology based on the use of files of current weather forecasts of hydrometeorological centers downloaded from the Internet in the form of a special application is investigated. The created application is being tested on the real data of the hydrometeorological center downloaded from the American server, which covers a large region, including the European part of Eurasia and part of Africa. An application that simulates the distribution of points within a region estimates the number of points covered by weak cloud cover (20% or less). Based on the results of the simulation, it was found that the proportion of points available for shooting lies in the range from about a quarter to a third. Based on the obtained quantitative estimates, it is concluded that taking into account the influence of cloud cover radically changes the reference plans calculated taking into account only illumination, and affects the structure of the enlarged planning algorithm.
Research of the efficiency of using the Miller cycle of an internal combustion engine
Authors: Smirnov Sergei V. , Makarov Alexander R. , Zaev Ivan A. , Khudaibergenova Gulnara T.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of improving the technical and economic indicators of an internal combustion engine (ICE) through the use of the Miller cycle with a shortened intake. A review of scientific works on the use of the Atkinson cycle and Miller cycle in an internal combustion engine is carried out. A comparative analysis of theoretical cycles: Otto cycle, Atkinson cycle and Miller cycle is carried out. Calculated studies of the influence of the expansion ratio and the pressure increase ratio on the efficiency of the Atkinson cycle have been carried out. The ratios are presented that allow using the Miller cycle with a short inlet to obtain the same theoretical efficiency of the cycle as that of the Atkinson cycle. At the same time, the implementation of the Miller cycle in a real engine design significantly exceeds the possibilities of using the Atkinson cycle. The results of the study showed that the use of the Miller cycle with a shortened intake is preferable, but it must necessarily increase the compression ratio and intake pressure through the use of boost. On the example of real data of the main parameters of the cycle, it is shown that the use of the theoretical Miller cycle can provide a significant up to 12.2% increase in the efficiency of the cycle compared to the Otto cycle. The ratios, conditions and recommendations are presented that allow the effective use of the Miller cycle with a shortened intake in a real engine design.
Comprehensive analysis of the laboratory examination results of patients with an established bronchial asthma diagnosis
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Elena R. , Vlasova Natalya V. , Masyagutova Lyaylya M. , Gizatullina Liliya G. , Rafikova Linara A. , Chudnovets Guzel M.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Bronchial asthma is a serious medical and social problem. To confirm the diagnosis, it is necessary to assess the allergic status, to determine the biological markers of the disease. Of particular relevance is a comprehensive analysis of the results of laboratory examination of patients, including data from hematological, immunological, microbiological studies. Aim. To study some laboratory parameters (hematological, immunological and microbiological), the changes of which are most typical for patients with an established diagnosis of bronchial asthma. Matherials and Methods . A clinical and diagnostic examination of women in the non-production and industrial sectors with an established diagnosis of bronchial asthma, performed during a periodic medical examination, was carried out. Results and Discussion . Laboratory research has shown that hematological parameters are characterized by a reduced content of hemoglobin, erythrocyte indices MCV, MCH, MCHS - markers of hypochromia. The surveyed women had increased indices: eosinophils, immunoglobulin E, allergy index, leukocyte intoxication index. High rates of allergization are found in the production sector in 41,51%, in the non-production sector - in 44,44%, which indicates a serious sensitization of the body. Bacterial contamination in the examined groups is represented by coccal flora, where the most significant microorganisms are Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus pyogenes and Candida albicans. Conclusion . The results of the analysis indicate the need to conduct and study further research on the development of markers of early, prenosological health disorders in the process of screening examination of large groups of the working population.
Multicultural Education in Slovakia: Perspectives and Risks
Authors: Kondrla Peter
Published: October 2021

The article analyses 20 years of experience with multicultural education in Slovakia. The starting point is to examine the causes and reasons why multicultural education has been included in the education system. The rationale for the introduction of multicultural education is interpreted in the context of the current possibilities and needs of society, identifying mainly the problems that multicultural education solves today. The basic principles and pillars of multicultural education are introduced and at the same time their strengths and weaknesses are examined. Emphasis is placed on human dignity and social responsibility as sources on which other values of multicultural education are based. In contrast to these principles is the environment in which education takes place. The school and family environment do not offer a sufficient principled background, do not prefer and often do not respect the values of multiculturalism. The resulting conflict of principles and environment poses the biggest problem and risk in multicultural education. Specific attention is paid to the issue of education in the mother tongue, this problem in Slovakia mainly affects the Roma minority. The inability to learn in ones mother tongue is contrary to equal opportunities as well as to the possibilities for the development of the human person in the context of his or her dignity. Finding perspectives requires a change from above, in the setting of the school environment as well as a change from below, i.e. a change in the value orientations and personal attitudes of individual teachers and changes in their preparation for the future profession.
Social Media Addiction and Personality: A Review of Research
Authors: Sheinov Viktor P.
Published: October 2021

Social networks are taking up more and more place in the daily life of modern people, becoming an integral part of our existence. At the same time, the role of social networks is constantly growing along with the rapid growth in the number of their active users. As online interaction for many has become more used than face-to-face communication, social networks have begun to seriously affect the way of life, communication, interests and psychology of people. The use of social networks is growing exponentially and has covered more than a third of the worlds population; therefore, researchers from different countries are actively studying social networks. Considerable empirical data has been accumulated that requires generalization and understanding, which is the purpose of this review. We found positive links between social media addiction and depression, anxiety, stress, neuroticism, emotional problems, low self-esteem, cyber-victimization, physical health problems, mental disorders, loneliness, procrastination, smartphone and internet addiction, and infidelity in relationships. Negative links were revealed between social media addiction and life satisfaction, academic performance of schoolchildren and students, labor productivity and commitment to the organization of its employees, social capital, and age. The main reason for social media addiction is the need for communication, and women are generally more active in social networks than men. This review provides only those links of social media addiction that have been established in a number of studies conducted in different countries. The presented results were obtained abroad using foreign language questionnaires that determine social media addiction. The lack of such a reliable and valid tool among Russian-speaking psychologists has become a serious factor hindering the conduct of similar domestic research. With this in view, the author developed a specially designed social media addiction questionnaire.
Valuation Сomponent of Metaphor UP vs. DOWN in German Political Cartoon
Authors: Denisova Galina L.
Published: October 2021

In German political cartoon the metaphor UP vs. DOWN introduces oppositions GOOD vs. BAD, MORE vs. LESS, UNREALIZABLE vs. PRACTICABLE. The paper describes their valuation components accenting the positive or negative sign of oppositions and its base in lexicon of the German language personality. Complex nature of cartoons, which are polycode texts, and their appeal to the language personality allow application of cognitive linguistics and methods of traditional linguistics. The paper demonstrates that political cartoons different realizations of this metaphor are visualized by levels: earth surface, above it, and below it. Certain valuation signs are fixed in realizations that gravitate towards the metaphor GOOD IS UP - BAD IS DOWN based on the human idea of levels structure of the world, which is a specific cognitive model reflected in German phraseology, inner form of words, traditional word combinations. Deviation from this model takes place by realization of the opposition UNREALIZABLE IS UP - PRACTICABLE IS DOWN, which is based on everyday pragmatism fixed in German phraseology. In this case the cartoonist creates special supports for the addressee to achieve correct understanding of his message. Distribution of signs in the opposition MORE IS UP - LESS IS DOWN is determined by the employed valuation grade, used by the cartoonist in his play with valuation signs to influence addressees opinion. Forming valuation signs of oppositions, the cartoonist bases on ideas reflected in the lexicon of the German language personality. This feature characterizes all realizations of metaphor UP vs. DOWN in political cartoons.
Spanish South American and Brazilian Demonyms: Morphosyntactic Structure and Axiological Values
Authors: Chesnokova Olga S. , Radović Marija , Kotenyatkina Irina B.
Published: October 2021

This article contributes to the study of the grammar, semantics, expressive values of a very special onymic category, inhabitants names, or demonyms. The authors examine and compare demonyms in two varieties of Romanic languages - South American Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese from both a multi-modal point of view and empirical evidence (synchronic and diachronic data) and systemize them by concentrating on their morphosyntactic distinctive features and semiotic content. The perspective revealed in this paper aims to study, define and analyze the main tendencies in the creation of denominative adjectives functioning as demonyms, to establish the parameters of discrepancies and convergences regarding demonyms of the region in question. The authors based on analyzing the motivation sources, grammar formulae, suffix combinations, socio-cultural varieties and the occurrence of homonymy, as well as their significance, axiological values in forming a group identity and the stereotypes they might lead to. The methodology has included semiotic, cognitive, historic and comparative analysis - a synchronic conceptual transdisciplinary analysis. The results of the study confirm the premise that the demonym suffixes randomly alternate in derivation processes, but also demonstrate the existence of other morphological and pragmatic trends while outlining the role of demonyms in migration processes, formation of a linguistic landscape and axiological values.
Loan Words from English in Youth Slang 2020-2021: Evidence of Description and Analysis
Authors: Tsibizova Oksana V. , Galankina Inna I.
Published: October 2021

Abstraсt. The study is devoted to the identification of English loan words in the youth slang inherent in the generation of millennials - young people between the age of 14 and 35 who were born on the turn of the millennium. There are many scientific works studying the phenomenon of youth slang, defining its boundaries, functions, and describing criteria. The most topical ones focus on the youth slang of the 2010s. There are studies of the issue of the English borrowing and English influence in modern Russian. However, the impact of English on the slang of modern youth is still understudied. We presume that the rapid increase in borrowings in this area requires close attention and scientific analysis. Millennial slang is represented in numerous humorous Internet publications, but unlike the slang of the previous generation, it is not properly described. The purpose of our paper is to identify new English borrowings, to highlight their lexical and grammatical characteristics as compared to those of previous years. The relevance of this work is due to the attention to the slang of todays youth in the aspect of globalization processes. The study used methods of reviewing the works of linguists, the analysis of Internet publications and dictionary data, interviewing of informants, and diachronic comparison. As a result of the analysis of the collected material, an increase in the number of Anglicisms was shown in comparison with the 2010s, and some features of the formation of lexical meanings and grammaticalization of new lexical units were revealed. Youth slang is a reflection of modern social phenomena, and its study is of interest not only for linguists but also for culturologists, sociologists, and psychologists.
Representation of Socio-Political Transformation in the Contemporary Vocabulary of Japanese
Authors: Naumova Elena A. , Ananchenkova Polina I.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of some social aspects of the socio-political changes impact in Japan in 2010-2020 and their contribution to the emergence of neologisms in the Japanese language. The active invasion of the English language into the vocabulary of the Japanese language is associated with social processes in Japan caused by its defeat in World War II, the period of American occupation, as well as the aggressive international policy of the 45th President of the United States Donald Trump. The aim of the work is to show the connection between the social processes in Japan and their international reflection under the pressure of US policy, and the appearance of neologisms of foreign origin in the Japanese language. Materials and methods of research: a method of structural-semantic modeling based on a detailed comparison of Japanese vocabulary. We also used a comparative method of studying socio-political processes. A sociological method was used to select the most common neologisms of foreign origin. Results of the work: we studied the neologisms of foreign origin that appeared in the last decade and have become quite densely included in the vocabulary of the Japanese language under the pressure of the countrys socio-political discourse against the background of US international policy, and, in particular, the aggressive political course of the 45th President of the United States Donald Trump in relation to Japan. In total, about 100 such neologisms were selected. We identified the most common neologisms of foreign origin through a sociological survey and studied in detail the history of the emergence of ten of them. These are lexical units that can be characterized not only as neologisms of exclusively foreign origin, but also as words of a mixed type, which are a combination of kango, words formed from roots of Chinese origin, and borrowings, as well as abbreviations of both types of new words. The work reflects the relationship between social processes in the country against the background of the international Japanese-American confrontation and the emergence of neologisms that entered the Japanese language.
“Ethical Evaluation” as a Tactics of Delegitimization Strategy in the Pre-Election Discourse
Authors: Kameneva Veronika A. , Rabkina Nadezda V.
Published: October 2021

The present study is based on such relevant areas of modern linguistics as Political linguistics and Linguistic personology. It included//includes samples of 30 speeches given by US President Joe Biden during his 2020 election campaign. A review of related scientific publications showed almost no detailed works on linguistic means connected with tactics that brings about delegitimization strategy; nor is there any unified term for a strategy of creating a negative image of a political rival in the election discourse. The authors believe that, in the election discourse, the abovementioned strategy aims at destroying the credibility of the political opponent and the solutions they have to offer beyond questioning their legality. Therefore, the tactics of ethical evaluation can be an effective means to destroy the credibility of a political oppo nent by using words of evaluative connotation. The tactics makes it possible to explicate a direct or contextual negative attitude to an opponent. Joe Bidens ethical evaluation of Donald Trump appeared to have three axiological aspects. The research used the theoretical and methodological apparatus of Political linguistics and Linguistic personology, e.g. such methods as content analysis, lexical-semantic analysis, and intent analysis. The paper introduces an analysis of lexemes that verbalize the tactics of ethical evaluation, which showed predominance of words and idioms of an unambiguous negative evaluative connotation. The authors also detected the absence of any abusive language that could be interpreted as a direct insult or accusation. The results can be used for a critical analysis of the political discourse of individual politicians.
Lexical-Grammatical Means of Expressing Oppositivity in an English Literary Text
Authors: Lunkova Larisa N. , Frolova Julia I.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the notional nature and peculiarities of genus-species relations between the phenomena of opposition and oppositivity ; it also deals with the lexical-and-grammatica ways of expressing the latter in an English literary text. The study establishes that, besides the logical component, an opposition also expresses a subjective one, manifesting a communicants unique view on the communicative situation and thus displaying semantics of oppositivity. Unlike spatial, logical and grammatical oppositions, generally characterized by a symmetrical structure, the subjective (oppositive) opposition is asymmetrical. It is revealed that due to the structural asymmetry this kind of opposition is marked by greater semantic potential compared to logical and grammatical oppositions. It is proved that the complication of subjective oppositions with antonymous pairs, lexical and syntactical repetitions, antithetic units, oxymorons etc. extends the scope of meanings implied by them; and the use of subjective (oppositive) oppositions in a literary text themselves becomes an effective tool of contrast-building both on the lexical-grammatical and textual levels.