Journalistic Quotation Techniques: Reported Speech Exploration in Select Editorials from a Functional Linguistic Perspective
Authors: Eid Mr. Fahd Mohammed Sagheer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This study investigates the projection of roles in newspaper editorials using Functional Linguistics, with a focus on clause complex analysis and its connection to the logico-semantics of quoting and reporting speech or thoughts. Functional Linguistics provides a framework for understanding how language is used to project roles onto different participants in discourse, such as journalists, politicians, and the public. Clause complex analysis is employed to examine how clauses are organized and combined in chains to represent speech or thoughts, shedding light on how these representations contribute to the construction of roles. The logico-semantics of quoting and reporting speech or thoughts play a crucial role in this process, as they determine how reported speech, or thoughts are attributed to specific participants. By integrating clause complex analysis with the logico-semantics of quoting and reporting, this study offers a comprehensive approach to understanding the projection of roles in newspaper editorials. It demonstrates how grammatical choices, such as the use of direct or indirect speech, influence the attribution of speech or thoughts to different participants, thus shaping their roles within the discourse. In this scenario, reported speech can also be used to engage the reader by bringing in the voices of relevant stakeholders or by presenting contrasting viewpoints. This can make the editorial more interesting and persuasive. The data of this research are clause complexes containing projections in editorial texts of 3 international newspapers, namely the New York Times, Saudi Gazette, and Times of India. Each of the newspapers is represented by 60 news stories in leading articles for editorial texts. The data are analyzed by using a manual analysis technique in which the clause complexes are analyzed and categorized concerning systemic functional linguistic (SFL) theory about projection. The findings indicate that there are two kinds of projection used in news story texts, namely hypotactic locution, and hypotactic idea. The logico-semantics of quoting and reporting further enrich the analysis by examining the logical and semantic relationships between the reported speech and the participants involved. This aspect of the study elucidates how the choice of reporting strategy, such as direct or indirect speech, affects the attribution of speech or thoughts to specific participants, thereby shaping their roles within the discourse. Through a comprehensive examination of reported speech in newspaper editorials, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of language in projecting roles and shaping meaning in media discourse. It sheds light on the persuasive strategies employed by editorial writers to influence readers' perceptions and opinions, highlighting the intricate interplay between language, ideology, and power in journalistic discourse. To sum up, this research demonstrates how Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), through clause complex analysis, offers a subtle understanding of how roles are projected in newspaper editorials. It highlights the role of language structure in the representation of social actors, showing how grammatical choices influence the portrayal of these actors and their relationships within the editorial discourse. By providing insights into the persuasive strategies employed in editorials, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which language is used to influence readers' perceptions and opinions in the realm of media discourse.