bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of the Demonstration Formal Rules in the Healthcare Sphere
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Serzhanov V. V. , Abramov F. V. ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this publication is to define the reasons for the inefficiency of the current demonstration formal rules governing healthcare activities and the reasons for the sustainability of the relevant formal rules. It is shown that the main reasons for the negative dynamics of the efficiency of formal rules in the healthcare sphere are the following: pressure on the part of individual interested groups, manipulation of public sentiments, and the spread of ineffective demonstration formal rules in the above named sphere. Unlike the demonstration formal rules observed in other areas of economic and public life, demonstration formal rules in the healthcare sphere are characterized not only by targeted, but also by significant transaction inefficiency. It is proved that numerous demonstration formal rules can not only reduce the efficiency of the medical system and slow down the pace of institutional reforms in the healthcare sphere, but also create conditions that pose a direct threat to human life and health. It is shown that, despite the symmetry of the costs associated with changing demonstration formal healthcare sphere regulations, the relevant demonstration formal rules can be preserved for a long time. The dynamics of ineffective demonstration formal rules in the healthcare sphere is determined by the lack of a request from society for further institutional reforms in the healthcare sphere. The latter is due to the low level of general education of the population, which does not allow society to assess the targeted and transaction inefficiency of demonstration formal rules, also to a small level of additional transaction costs of bureaucratic procedures of each individual demonstration formal rule. Measures to prevent the spread of ineffective demonstration formal rules in the healthcare sphere are proposed
The Theoretical and Methodological Origins of Innovative Theories
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman, Nikitin D. V.
Published: July 2022

Back in the second half of 20th century, in the structural dynamics of world scientific and technological progress as a continuous process of improving the technical and material base of social production and its organization on the basis of the implementation of scientific knowledge, the qualitatively new tendencies in the innovatization of the international economy began to crystallize. Thus, taking into account the exceptional importance of innovations in the global processes of manufacturing the competitive intellectual and knowledge-intensive industrial products, as well as their prospective powerful impact on the profitability of financial and economic activities of business and entrepreneurial structures, questions concerning the disclosure of the genesis and evolution of innovative theories appear to be of key importance. The article analyzes economic theories such as mercantilism, Marxism, classical political economy, and neoclassical direction of economic theory. The contribution of physiocrats to the development of the theoretical discourse of innovation of economic activity is characterized. A general distinguishing feature of the modern stage of development of theories of innovative development is they are based upon the institutional paradigm. In recent decades, in its theoretical discourse there is an unprecedented surge in scientific interest, which is associated with the systemic impact of scientific, technical and innovative progress on the effectiveness of financial and economic activities of economic entities. From the point of view of the study of the processes of nanoindustrialization, the largest number of rational elements seems to be included in the evolutionary innovative theory, which is observed as the most adequate «conceptual matrix» for a systematic substantiation of its essence and driving forces of development. In addition, evolutionary innovative theory is most capable of developing a modern theoretical and methodological base for a comprehensive study of the processes of transition of world production to nanotechnological developments that can raise it to a qualitatively higher stage of its evolution.
Strategic Directions for the Development of Social Responsibility of Business
Authors:   Polissia National University, Kurovska N. O. , Nedilska L. V. ,   Polissia National University
Published: July 2022

The article is aimed at theoretical-methodological substantiation of the problems of formation and development of recommendations on strategic directions for the development of social responsibility of business. The article substantiates the need to create a favorable business environment in society on the basis of the formation of a holistic system of social responsibility and consistency of interests of all economic entities. It is determined that in the process of increasing business activity of enterprises, focusing only on economic problems, humanity loses other important issues, in particular: spirituality, social justice, lean attitude to the environment, etc. It is specified that the social responsibility of business is based on making effective managerial decisions in the process of meeting the needs of consumers with high-quality goods and services, providing appropriate working conditions for employees, interaction with stakeholders, preserving the environment, etc. Attention is focused on improving the level of corporate reputation of business, which consists in refusing to discriminate against employees on the following features: limited physical capabilities; sexual orientation; gender identity and sexual characteristic. In particular, the findings of an assessment of the level of corporate reputation demonstrate a strong positive connection between the results of financial and economic activities of business structures and their ability to effectively integrate efforts from the sphere of corporate social responsibility into the management system of the corporation. Strategic guidelines for further development of social responsibility of business, which is based on the implementation of the conception of sustainable development of society in terms of social, economic and ecological components, are proposed. Prospects for further research are the formation of corporate social responsibility as a component of the management system in corporations
The Role of Leadership and Communications in Ensuring the Development of Modern Business Structures
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Grynko T. V. , Hviniashvili T. Z. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Zahinaylo V. A. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: July 2022

The article summarizes the main aspects of the formation of business communications under modern business conditions; the connection between leadership and communication skills of the head of company is determined and the forms of entrepreneurial activity on the basis of leadership and business communications are substantiated. The components of leadership, in particular organizational, tactical and strategic spheres, are analyzed. Based on a study of the essence of the gestalt approach, it is determined that the formation of effective leadership and business communications is represented by taking into account individual and collective goals and is grounded on determining the competitive advantages of team members and key participants in business processes. The article substantiates the importance of mastering the skills of electronic communication (netiquette), on the basis of which contemporary business processes are built, negotiations are conducted and other forms of online communication are provided. A special role of leadership and business communications is assigned in the implementation of innovative activities of the organization, because the creation of a significantly new product requires greater organization in making managerial decisions, which is ensured, first of all, by high-quality communication skills of the head of company. According to the results of the study of the peculiarities of business communications, the problems of building interpersonal communication within an innovative organization are identified. The identification of specific characteristics and features of doing business in the new conditions of the digital economy allowed to determine the main conditions for the development of innovative leadership in modern organizations, the quality of an effective leader, the body of his skills and competencies. The role of leadership is determined, which is updated in a new way in connection with constant changes in the business environment and the development of many spheres of human activity, as well as the sphere of influence of leadership and communications when ensuring the development of modern entrepreneurial structures.
Analyzing the Prognostic Properties of Composite Uncertainty Indices in the Preventive Crisis Management Systems
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Polianskyi V. O.
Published: July 2022

The publication researches the prognostic properties of composite indicators obtained on the basis of the method of the main components and uncertainty indices, allowing to provide a qualitative assessment of the probability of a «shock». The base of signal indicators for assessing the efficiency of composite uncertainty indices as preventive indicators is substantiated; a composite uncertainty index based on the methods of reduction of signs, in particular, the method of the main components, is elaborated; the predictive properties of the composite uncertainty index are evaluated in comparison with the generally accepted system of signal indicators. The received results showed that the most common signal indicators for both the developed and the developing economies have low preventive power and actually reflect the beginning of the recession phase, that is, the moment of the onset of a crisis. Further on, the indicators under consideration do not always allow prognosing the duration of the crisis phase. It is demonstrated that the traditional system of signal indicators is advisable to supplement with uncertainty indices that allow to predict a crisis with a certain warning lag. An approach to building a composite uncertainty index based on such a method of reduction of signs as the method of the main components is proposed. A comparative assessment of the efficiency of the signal indicator systems based on the NSR indicator made it possible to conclude that the composite uncertainty index has a better preventive characteristic of crises development, which can be used in the preventive management systems for the purposes of the timely use of the instruments of financial stabilization and security provision.
Phage Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Immadi Siva Ratnakar
Published: July 2022

The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a growing concern. This situation demands a search for antibiotic alternatives. Bacteriophages—natural viral predators of bacteria—are viewed as a possible alternative to treat bacterial infections. Many clinical trials today have not found phages effective as therapeutics. Some of the major challenges regarding usage of bacteriophage as a therapeutic have been: horizontal evolution of bacteria, limited host range of bacteriophage, removal of endotoxins in preparations, the technical feasibility of isolation, mode of administration, rapid clearance and immune rejection.These issues have been addressed in this review. Applications of genetic engineered phages and other remarkable non-human applications are also discussed.
Parental Knowledge and Attitude as Associated Factors for Injury Prevention Practice in Preschool Children
Authors: Jamil Mokhtar , Merisdawati
Published: July 2022

Children who like to explore the environment potentially cause injury, so injury prevention is essential. Parental knowledge and attitude influence the incidence of injury in children. This paper analyzes the correlation between parental knowledge and attitude toward injury prevention practice in preschool children. This research was a cross- sectional study. The population was parents who have children schooling in Al - Masithoh 04 Kindergarten. In addition, there were 40 samples with a total sampling method. The independent variables were parental knowledge and attitude, while the dependent variable was injury prevention practice. The instrument utilized questionnaires. A questionnaire for parental knowledge consisted of 24 multiple-choice questions. In addition, there were 14 questions for the parental attitude variable. Injury prevention practices were evaluated using the recall method with 14 questions. The statistical test used the Sommers correlation and the Lambda with a 95% confidence level. Respondents with less parental knowledge had less injury prevention practice (25%). The Sommers D test obtained p=0.001 r=0.447, indicating a positive and moderate correlation between parental knowledge and injury prevention practices. In addition, respondents with negative parental attitudes had poor injury prevention practices (47.5%). The Lambda test obtained p=0.000 r=0.650, meaning a positive and strong association between parental attitude and injury prevention practice. Parental knowledge and attitude correlate with injury prevention practice in preschool children. There should be an effort to improve parental knowledge, especially about the dangers of injury and its prevention.
Improving Of Mother's Skill About Giving Early Sex Education By Audiovisiual Media (AVA)
Authors: Ilmiah Widia , Maulidatul Azizah Fifin
Published: July 2022

Cases of sexual exploitation and pedophilia become the phenomenon of the iceberg. Child Protection Commission Data found 120 cases of sexual violence (2016) and 116 (2017), in East Java 393 (2017) and 117 (February 2018), in Probolinggo 35 cases (January-April 2016). The preliminary study that 16 mothers known 69% difficulty answering questions about their child's sexuality. Purpose to analyze improving mother’s skills about giving early sex education by AVA. Methods were pre-experimental pre-post-test design. The population was all mother, preschool children in Condong and Sumbersecang were 234 people, the sample was 146, simple random sampling, instrument questionnaires, observation sheet, video, Fisher's Exact Test. The results that 74.7% of mothers have 25-40 y.o (mean 32.1), 64.4% as housewives, 45.9% have an income of 500.000-1 million IDR. Fisher's Exact Test of age toward skills, employment toward skills, the family income toward skill (p1=0.000; p2=0.000; p3=0.000). Several 92.5% mothers have the low skill to give sex education before training; 76.7% of mothers have good skill after training (p = 0.048). The provision of sex education training with AVA can improve the mother’s skills. The mothers must have the skill to give early sex education to prevent child sex crimes.
Perception and knowledge of Covid 19 in Indonesia: An intervention study
Authors: Setiyowati Eppy , Juliasih Ni Njoman , Sari Reny Mareta , Susilo Priyo
Published: July 2022

more deeply about the awareness in healthy behavior and covid prevention 19. Coronavirus 2019 (Covid 19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), in Indonesia corona virus transmission still occurs in the community, a total of cases, 49.009 (at time of  writing).  The purpose of this study is the effect of selfmanagement education on changes perceptions and knowledge transmission covid 19 patients in hospital at East Java. Data were obtained from 150 patients coming to clinic clinics in East Java, since December 2019 - May 2020. Sampling through simple random sampling technique. Pretest data collection to identify perceptions and knowledge, then the intervention of selfmanagement education was carried out and finally posttest conducted. Pretest and posttest data collection included closed questionnaire, data analysis was performed with independent T test. Changes of perception after intervention selfmanagement education was to treatment group. Selfmanagement educationable to change the perception and knowledge of patients about covid transmission 19. In the future it is necessary to research
Atherogenic Index Profiles as Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk in Premenopausal and Menopausal Women
Authors: Thaslifa  , Abbas Mutmainnah , Rahim Alfyan
Published: July 2022

Cardiovascular disease was a disease with impaired function of the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease was more common in women. Postmenopausal women have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than premenopausal women. This is because postmenopausal women lack the hormone estrogenin regulating lipid metabolism factors. Decreased production of the hormone estrogen will cause changes in the lipid profile in the blood. Several studies have shown that assessment with the Atherogenic Index (IA) is a good predictor of cardiovascular disease. The atherogenic index was obtained by calculating the TG/HDL-C log. This assessment proved to be more sensitive in assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease compared to the respective lipid profile calculations. This study aimed to compare the profile of the Atherogenic Index in premenopausal women with menopause. This research used the Cross-Sectional Study research method which was presented in the form of data, tables, and narratives. The study results on each 40 menopausal and premenopausal women respectively showed that the comparison value of the atherogenic index in the two categories of subjects was <0.05 (0.00). This showed that there is a significant difference in the mean atherogenic index between postmenopausal and premenopausal women.
Zadowolenie z pracy a godzenie obowiązków zawodowych i rodzinnych przez pracujące kobiety z dziećmi w wieku do lat 14 w Polsce
Authors: Grabowska Izabela , Słotwińska-Rosłanowska Ewelina
Published: July 2022

Zadowolenie z pracy jest czynnikiem o kluczowym znaczeniu nie tylko dla analiz z zakresu zarządzania, lecz także dla praktyki działania przedsiębiorstw czy ogólnej satysfakcji z życia ludności. Badania wskazują, że wielu pracodawców przykłada dużą wagę do zadowolenia pracownika, zakładając, że wzrost satysfakcji przyczyni się do podniesienia efektywności pracy. Satysfakcja z pracy, pomimo faktu, że związek pomiędzy satysfakcją z pracy a efektywnością pracownika nie jest jednoznaczny [Springer 2010], wymieniana jest jako jedno z kluczowych narzędzi motywacji pracownika. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest dokonanie oceny wpływu wybranych cech związanych z łączeniem obowiązków rodzinnych i zawodowych na zadowolenie z pracy wśród pracujących kobiet z dziećmi do lat 14 w Polsce. Do oceny wykorzystano ogólny model linowy wielu zmiennych (OML). (fragment tekstu)
La nueva gestión de gobernanza para las instituciones públicas del estado
Authors: Loza Torres Andrés Gustavo , Ramírez Casco Andrea del Pilar
Published: July 2022

Las instituciones son entidades que contienen normas para el desarrollo de las sociedades y permiten la convivencia entre los individuos, Estas son establecidas para regir el comportamiento social y por la cual su cumplimiento busca obtener los mejores resultados. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la nueva gestión de gobernanza para las instituciones públicas del Estado. El diseño metodológico es documental bibliográfico. Como conclusión se puede indicar que, para lograr el éxito de la gobernanza en las instituciones públicas, deben existir vínculos importantes entre el gobierno, la sociedad y otros actores sociales que permitan poder cubrir las necesidades que presente cada uno de los participantes. Asimismo, las instituciones públicas con mayor transparencia tienden a obtener más apoyo de parte de la sociedad, pues sienten que son atendidos y tomados en cuenta y así cumplen con sus responsabilidades en cuanto al pago de tributos que son destinados a la mejora de los servicios públicos, de la misma manera una buena gestión de gobernanza permite que los ciudadanos tomen parte de las decisiones, y el gobierno conoce que los recursos económicos utilizados son reducidos por lo que procuran que estos sean utilizados de manera comedida y cubrir gastos necesarios.
ANTONIO TABUCCHI’NİN “TRISTANO ÖLÜRKEN” İSİMLİ ESERİNDE ÖZ YAŞAM ÖYKÜSEL KURGUSALLIĞIN ANLATISAL İZDÜŞÜMLERİ
Authors: ÜN Burcu
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmada, çağdaş İtalyan yazar Antonio Tabucchi’nin “Tristano Ölürken” isimli eserinde yer alan öz yaşam öyküsel kurgusallığın anlatısal izdüşümleri postmodern söylem perspektifinde incelenecektir. Postmodern düşünce, gerçeklik olgusuna getirdiği sorunsallaştırma eylemi ile modernizm ve öncesinde kabul görmüş “durağan özne”nin, varoluşsal sancısını gerçeklik deseni üzerinde şekillendiremeyen “benliksiz özne”ye evrilmesine neden olmuştur. “Özne”nin kabul görmüş salt bir gerçeklik edinimini gerçekleştirememesi, öz yaşam öyküsü anlatısının da kendisini gerçeküstü deneyimiyle yeniden inşa etmesini mecbur kılmıştır. Bu bağlamda ilgili eser, Tristano’nun özne yitimini ve kimlik bunalımını gerçek ile ötesi düzleminde biçimlemektedir. Antonio Tabucchi, Tristano’nun öz yaşam öyküsel paylaşımını “etkin okur” odaklı bir güdümle vurgularken, yitik özne alanına konumlanan yazarın aslında okuyucunun bizzat kendisi ve ona ait gerçeklik çemberinin genişleyebilir eğrisi olduğunu gösterir. Tristano’nun yaşam öyküsünü her okurun postmodern algı iştirakıyla yeniden ve yeniden biçimlendirmesi, postmodern gerçekliğin sorgulanabilir pencere aralığının baki kalacağına dair kuvvetli bir kanıttır.
DİREKTÖR ALİ BEY’İN AYYAR HAMZA ADLI OYUNUNDA MOLIÈRE ETKİSİ: KİPROKO KAVRAMI
Authors: YASSITEPE AYYILDIZ Ece
Published: July 2022

Tanzimat Dönemi’nin önemli mizah ve tiyatro yazarı olarak karşımıza çıkan Direktör Ali Bey, Fransız edebiyatından yaptığı çevirilerle ve uyarlamalarla bilinmektedir. Ali Bey, bu yıl 400. doğum yılını kutladığımız Fransız edebiyatının komedi dehası Molière’den yaptığı adaptasyonlarda ve Molière’den esinlenerek yazdığı oyunlarda kullandığı deyim ve atasözleriyle edebiyatımızı zenginleştirmiştir. Kendisi Teodor Kasap’la beraber Diyojen adlı bir mizah dergisi çıkarmış ve Bir Zat unvanını kullanarak tiyatro yazıları yazmıştır. Bununla birlikte, Osmanlı tiyatrosuna müzaheret komitesinin kurulmasına önayak olmuş ve oyuncuların Türkçe söyleyiş bozukluklarını düzeltme görevini üstlenmiştir.

Tanzimat Dönemi’nde Batı’ya açılan tiyatromuzun benimsediği yazarlardan biri kuşkusuz 17. yüzyıl Fransız tiyatrosunun usta komedi yazarı Molière olmuştur. Molière’in oyunları ve bu oyunlarda yer alan tipler toplumumuzda da mevcuttur: yaratılan bu tipler tiyatromuzda komedinin temel ögelerindendir. Molière’in karakter komedisi ve entrika komedisi içinde evrensel tiplerin yer aldığı söz komiği, durum komiği ve bu durum komiğinde mevcut olan quiproquo (kiproko) kavramı Ali Bey’in Ayyar Hamza adlı oyununda karşımıza çıkmaktadır: Ali Bey 1871 yılında Ayyar Hamza adlı oyununu, Molière’in Scapin’in Dolapları adlı oyunundan yola çıkarak toplumumuzdan ve kültürümüzden unsurlar kullanarak uyarlamıştır. Tiyatroda kiproko kavramı yanlış anlaşılmalar üzerinden meydana gelmektedir. Kiprokonun komediyi oluşturan en önemli ögesi, komedi tiyatrosunda yer alan bir karakterin başka bir karakterle karıştırılmasıdır; ancak bunun komik tarafı, seyircinin bu durumun farkında olup oyuncunun bunun farkında olmamasıdır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Henri Bergson’un Gülme adlı eserinden yola çıkarak kiproko kavramı ile Ali Bey’in Molière’den adapte ettiği Ayyar Hamza adlı oyununu durum komedisi bağlamında ele almak olacaktır.
BİR KAMU POLİTİKASI OLARAK SOSYAL GÜVENLİK TEMELİNDE EMEKLİLİK
Authors: ERDOĞMUŞ Furkan
Published: July 2022

Hükümetler; sosyal, toplumsal ve ekonomik hayatın düzen içinde ve istikrarlı olarak sürdürülebilmesi için hem kamu yararını hem de ulusal çıkarları gözeterek çeşitli kararlar alırlar. Bu kararlar kurumsal incelemelerden geçirilerek hukuksal değerlilik kazanmaktadır. İfade edilen bu kararlar kamu politikası olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Kamu politikaları devletlerin yasaların kendisine vermiş olduğu yetkiler çerçevesinde ilgili konularda düzenlemeler yapılmasına dair eylem ve işlemleri ifade etmektedir. Devletler kamu politikalarını teşkilatlanmasını oluşturduğu kamu kurumları ve bu kamu kurumlarında görevlendirdiği kamu görevlileri aracılığıyla uygular. Bu bakımdan derinlemesine incelendiğinde kamu politikası ulusal güvenlik, diplomasi, eğitim, sağlık başta olmak üzere hayatın birçok alanında oluşturulmakta ve uygulanmaktadır. Kamu politikaları kamu olarak ifade edilen halkı ilgilendirmektedir. Halk ise çeşitli katmanlardan oluşmaktadır. Çocuklar, gençler, kadınlar, yaşlılar, işsizler, işverenler, işçi ve memurlar, öğrenciler, engelliler, eski hükümlüler, göçmenler ve sığınmacılar halk denilen topluluğun özünde yer alan tabakaları oluşturmaktadır. Kamu politikaları da tam olarak bu noktada ortaya çıkan ve ifade edilen tabakaların temelinden hareketle tüm toplumsal yapının istikrarlı işleyişine dair uygulama bütününü ifade etmektedir.
Sosyal güvenlik; bireylerin sosyal, toplumsal ve ekonomik hayatlarında karşılaştıkları risklerin bireylerde neden olduğu tahribatı maddi ve manevi olarak ortadan kaldırmayı amaçlayan bir sosyal politika uygulamasıdır. Sosyal güvenlik; bir mesleki veya sosyal risk yüzünden geliri ya da kazancı kesintiye uğramış kimselerin başkalarının yardımına ihtiyaç kalmaksızın, geçinme ve yaşama ihtiyaçlarını karşılayan bir sistemdir. Sosyal güvenlik; bireylere hastalık, hamilelik, iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı, işsizlik, malullük, yaşlılık ve ölüm gibi etmenlerle tamamen ya da geçici bir gelir kaybının yaşanması durumunda bireyleri hem ekonomik olarak koruyan hem de bireylerin ifade edilen durumlarda temel tedavi süreçlerine destek sağlayan bir uygulama bütünüdür. Bu bakımdan değerlendirildiğinde sosyal güvenlik uygulaması sosyal politika temelinde gerçekleştirilmekle birlikte aslen devlet ve hükümetlerin sağlık alanında kamusal faydayı sağlamak amacıyla oluşturduğu bir kamu politikası uygulama süreçlerine örnektir.
Emeklilik, bir sosyal güvenlik uygulaması olarak belirli bir yaş haddinin doldurulmasıyla birlikte iş hayatından ayrılan bireylere yaşlılık döneminde sunulan yaşlılık aylığı ve temel sağlık yardımlarının yaşandığı dönemdir. Günümüzde üzerinde sıkça tartışılan konulardan biri ise emekliliğe dair temel şartların tartışılması ve emeklilik uygulamalarıdır. Bu bakımdan bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık alanındaki bir kamu politikası olarak sosyal güvenlik çatısı altında yer alan emeklilik uygulamalarında kamusal yararın sağlanması hususunda inceleme gerçekleştirerek emeklilik uygulamalarının ekonomi ve işgücü piyasası açısından en verimli haline dair tartışmalara katkı sunmaktır.
MAVİ EKONOMİ: TÜRKİYE’NİN ABD, ÇİN, YUNANİSTAN VE BANGLADEŞ İLE MUKAYESELİ ANALİZİ
Authors: YILDIRIM Görkem
Published: July 2022

Günümüzde Birleşmiş Milletler öncülüğünde tüm dünya ülkeleri gündemine giren, doğayı koruyan sürdürülebilir bir ekonomi yaratma isteği Mavi Ekonomi kavramının ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Dünyanın dörtte üçüne ev sahipliği yapan deniz ve okyanusların sürdürülebilirliğine ait ekonomik düzen Mavi Ekonomi olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Mavi Ekonomi balıkçılık ve su ürünleri, kıyı ve yat turizmi, denizyolu taşımacılığı, gemi inşa sanayi, derin deniz madenciliği, biyoteknoloji gibi çeşitli sektörleri içinde barındırmasıyla geniş bir yelpazeye sahip bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada belli kriterlere göre seçilmiş olan ülkelerle (ABD, Çin, Bangladeş ve Yunanistan) Türkiye kıyaslanarak Mavi Ekonomi alanındaki konumu analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma tekniklerinden arşiv-doküman tarama tekniği kullanılarak elde edilen veriler, betimsel analiz yardımıyla açıklanmasının akabinde içerik analizi yapılarak çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Geniş bir çerçevede incelenen Mavi Ekonomi’ye ait veriler sonucunda, Türkiye’nin gemi inşa sanayisi, denizyolu taşımacılığı, kıyı turizmi ve ticaret filosu dünyadaki diğer ülkelere göre göreceli olarak iyi durumda olmasına rağmen Çin gibi bu alanda güçlü olan bir ülkenin verilerine oldukça uzak görülmektedir. Türkiye’nin komşusu olan Yunanistan ise dünyadaki ticaret filo liderliğini elinde bulundurmasından kaynaklı Türkiye’ye kıyasla daha iyi bir durumda olduğu ifade edilebilir. Bangladeş, Hint okyanusuna sınırı olmasından dolayı Türkiye’ye göre daha fazla biyoçeşitliliğe sahip konumdadır. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye söz konusu ülkelerle kıyaslandığında sektörden sektöre değişkenlik göstermesine karşın herhangi bir sektörde dünya liderliğine sahip bulunmaktadır. Bu durum Türkiye’nin Mavi Ekonomi alanında daha fazla yatırım yapması gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.
SUBSTITUTION OF MOTIVES IN ADMINISTRATIVE JURISDICTION WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF EQUALITY OF ARMS AND ADVERSARIAL TRIAL PRINCIPLES
Authors: ASKER Serkan
Published: July 2022

Substitution of motives improved by judicial case laws, can be explained as the administrative judicial bodies examining annulment actions, not rescinding the action according to another motive they have determined during the trial, although they have determined that the motive on which the administration bases its action, is unlawful. The substitution of motives discussed in both the practice and the doctrine from various aspects, will be studied in terms of equality of arms and adversarial trial principles. Equality of arms and adversarial trial are two sub-principles of right to a fair trial and provide significant guarantees for administrative trial procedures. While the principle of equality of arms aims to establish a fair balance between the parties in the trial and to avoid substantial disadvantage of a party vis-à-vis the other party, the principle of adversarial trial aims to ensure that the parties know and discuss any evidence, claim or explanation included in the case file. Remarkable results are obtained by studying the abovementioned principles in terms of substitution of motives. The substitution of motives, which has been dealt with by the doctrine and especially by the Constitutional Court in terms of the principle of adversarial trial, will be studied in terms of the principle of equality of arms in addition to this principle, and it will be tried to determine the disadvantages which the practice may cause in terms of this principle.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF DYNAMIC THIOL-DISULFIDE HOMEOSTASIS IN PREDICTING HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN HYPOXEMIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE
Authors: İLANBEY Bilal , ZORLU Duygu , ÇALIŞKAN Hacı Mehmet , ERTÜRK Zamir Kemal , ÇELİK Burak , ERSOY Süleyman , GÜÇLÜ Kenan
Published: July 2022

Hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF) has a PaO2 < 60 mmHg with normal or subnormal PaCO2. The gas exchange is impaired at the level of the alveolo-capillary membrane. HRF is associated with high mortality in hospital, and there is no diagnostic laboratory test to predict this mortality. This study evaluates the possibility of predicting mortality in HRF patients with dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis parameters, which are indicators of oxidation state. Sixty-two patients with HRF and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. Dynamic thiol-disulfide parameters were studied from the serum of all participants. Total and native thiol levels were significantly lower in the patients than in the controls (p < 0.05). Disulfide levels were higher in patients who died than survivors (p
AN OVERVIEW OF PERIOD POVERTY AND THE PUBLIC HEALTH BENEFIT IMPACT OF PROVIDING FREE FEMININE HYGIENE PRODUCTS
Authors: DAVE Udit , PALANİAPPAN Ashwin , LEWİS Emma , GOSİNE Brandon
Published: July 2022

Feminine hygiene products such as tampons, pads, and sanitary tissues are crucial to a menstruating person’s health. Feminine hygiene products are a multi-billion-dollar industry, and over the course of a menstruator’s life, they spend between roughly $3000-$5000 on over 16,000 feminine hygiene products. Many financial barriers exist that prevent menstruators, most of whom self-identify as women, from accessing safe and healthy menstrual hygiene products. A disproportionately high number of women, especially women of color, live in poverty. As a result, purchasing feminine hygiene products often poses a substantial financial burden, sometimes preventing women from being able to buy feminine hygiene products at all or forcing them to choose between purchasing food or feminine hygiene products. This phenomenon is referred to as “period poverty.” Due to a lack of access to appropriate menstrual products, many women report substituting debris items, which lead to severe health complications such as toxic shock syndrome and cervical cancer. In addition to potential health risks, there are often negative social consequences associated with menstruation as many women report having to leave their workplace or school due to experiencing an emergency menstruation event and not finding feminine hygiene products publicly available. A plethora of slang words and negative cultural connotations are frequently associated with menstruation, and many women report feelings of stress and anxiety due to the many facets of menstruation symptom management and resource allocation. New York City made feminine hygiene products free in public schools, prisons, and homeless shelters, providing 323,000 menstruators with free products at a cost of roughly $5.88 per person per year, which is cost-effective. Nations such as Kenya, Australia, New Zealand, and Scotland have also led initiatives highlighting the cost-effective public health benefit of improving access to menstrual hygiene products.
New evidence for the establishment of coastal cod Gadus morhua in Svalbard fjords
Authors: Spotowitz L , Johansen T , Hansen A , Berg E , Stransky C , Fischer P
Published: July 2022

The Arctic is experiencing increasing water temperatures, leading to a northward shift of Atlantic species into Arctic waters. Arctic marine ecosystems are therefore subject to substantial changes in species distributions and occurrence due to anthropogenic climate change. Atlantic cod is one of the most important commercial fish species in the northern seas. The largest known stock is the migrating Northeast Arctic cod (NEAC) that is distributed along the Norwegian coast, the Barents Sea and off Svalbard. Atlantic cod in Svalbard waters are generally reported in the literature as belonging to the NEAC ecotype. The more stationary coastal cod (CC) spawn together with NEAC in the Lofoten region and several other areas along the Norwegian coast. The aim of this study was to investigate the population structure of Atlantic cod in Svalbard waters. We used single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers, the pantophysin locus (Pan I) and otolith structure to categorize the 2 cod ecotypes collected in Svalbard fjords between 2017 and 2019. Our results show that both NEAC and CC appear in Svalbard fjords and revealed that 0-group and adult CC individuals caught in Svalbard fjords differ genetically from those along the Norwegian coast, indicating a separation into a local Svalbard CC population. The establishment of CC in Svalbard fjords may be another keystone of the ongoing borealization of the Arctic, with consequences for the local Arctic fjord ecosystem.
Influence of environmental and population factors on Prince William Sound herring spawning phenology
Authors: Dias BS , McGowan DW , Campbell R , Branch TA
Published: July 2022

Shifts in spawning phenology may impact the early life stages of small pelagic fishes, affecting their first-year survival and recruitment. In Prince William Sound, Pacific herring is a key forage species that once supported commercial and subsistence fisheries for many decades, but collapsed in 1993 and has yet to recover. Starting in 1980, spawn timing shifted earlier by approximately 2-4 wk over a 27 yr period, then abruptly shifted later by approximately 3 wk over the next 7 yr. We quantified the influence of 15 environmental and population-level covariates on these spawn timing shifts using generalized linear models. Earlier spawn timing was associated with higher biomass in the eastern sound and older mean age in the western sound. Across the entire sound, earlier spawning was associated with weaker downwelling, weaker meridional winds, and the positive phase of the Pacific-North American teleconnection pattern, which is characterized by warmer North Pacific waters. These results are a critical first step towards assessing how changes in spawning phenology impact first-year survival of herring offspring and potentially contribute to persistent poor recruitment that has inhibited the recovery of the Prince William Sound population.
Kettős inkretinterápia – új lehetőség a 2-es típusú diabetes vércukorcsökkentő kezelésében
Authors: Winkler Gábor , Kis János Tibor , Schandl László
Published: July 2022

Az inkretinhatáson alapuló vércukorcsökkentők, a dipeptidil-peptidáz-gátlók és a glükagonszerű peptid-1-receptor-agonisták (GLP-1 RA-k) bevezetése új távlatokat nyitott a 2-es típusú cukorbetegség antidiabetikus kezelésében. E gyógyszerek kedvező tulajdonságai irányították a figyelmet a szénhidrát-anyagcserét kísérletes megfigyelések alapján potenciálisan ugyancsak előnyösen befolyásolni képes további enterohormonok alkalmazásának tanulmányozására. Mint­hogy e hormonok támadáspontja egymáshoz viszonyítva részben eltérő, illetve egyező, receptoraik szimultán aktiválása a gly­kaemiás kontroll tekintetében – elméleti megfontolások alapján – szinergista és additív hatásokat eredményezhet. A közlemény át­tekinti a 2-es típusú diabetes vércukorcsökkentő kezelésének multiagonista receptorstimuláción alapuló koncepcióját, valamint a GLP-1 és a glükózdependens inzulinotrop polipeptid (GIP) receptorai együttes stimulálásának lehetséges előnyeit. Röviden kitér a duális receptoragonisták első reprezentánsával, az FDA által klinikai alkalmazásra engedélyezett tirzepatiddal kapcsolatos első adatokra is.
O uso de holdings e offshores
Authors:   Agente Autônomo de Investimentos autorizado pela Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - CVM, CARVALHO Celso Almeida de , ALEXANDRE Kethi Cristina do Rosario Squecola ,   Coordenadora Pedagógica do ensino médio integrado ao técnico na ETEC (CPS), PADILHA Fausto Rangel Castilho ,   União das Faculdades dos Grandes Lagos - UNILAGO, PESSOA Marcelo
Published: July 2022

Holdings are companies that aim to participate in shares, through shares or quotas of other companies, in which they start to influence their management, controlling or managing the corporations to which they are associated. The working hypothesis here is that holdings can be used for asset shielding, as they are generally constituted to participate in business companies registered in tax havens, thereby obtaining various benefits, such as tax advantages, achieved via carrying out tax planning, tax avoidance and tax evasion. This article aims, therefore, to analyze the use of holdings and offshores as tax planning mechanisms free from tax risks, succession process of patrimonial shielding of Brazilian companies and individuals. The study is justified by the fact that holdings and offshore companies, by serving as shielding and asset protection, indirectly promote legal tax avoidance, without tax risk, which makes this company format one of the most suitable and used means to entrepreneurs and individuals in Brazil. As a partial result of the investigation, it is possible to affirm that the companies that opted for the holding can facilitate the planning, control, organization and management process of their affiliated companies.
INVESTIGATING AN ONLINE ENGLISH TEACHING IN AN INDONESIAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Maghfiroh Alfin , Zuhriyah Mukminatus
Published: July 2022

Investigation of online English learning is implemented in Jombang. This study aims to determine the online learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. Some of the inhibiting factors in the implementation of online learning are the lack of parental support, few students who have smartphones, student laziness and lack of motivation to learn, difficult to control and evaluate student assignments. While the supporting factors obtained by the teacher when carrying out online learning are more online learning materials, time and place efficiency, and learning materials can be stored safely on smartphones. This research was conducted with descriptive methods and data collection techniques by interviewing English teachers. The result of the research is the implementation of online English learning in one of the elementary schools in Jombang, using the WhatsApp application as an online learning medium. Submission of materials and assignments is done through the WhatsApp group media.
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF TABOO WORDS USED BY THE MAIN CHARACTER IN BAD MOMS MOVIE
Authors: Fazri Saepul , Laili Elisa Nurul
Published: July 2022

Taboo is something that considered bad and inappropriate or  forbidden to do, even the words to be spoken freely in language use. It relates to the rules, ethics, and norms between individual relationships with others in an area or society. Taboo words use is one of disfemism types or a form of human’s expression with use the words that have bad connotations and bad meaning and can hurt the others, people must avoid it with use the more polites words, neutral words or the words can not cause the negative effects or reactions to the others. The author does the research of the taboo words that spoken by the mom’s characters in the Bad Moms movie with a descriptive qualitative approach with use sociolinguistic to understand and make the language as the object. The movie tells about the women who take care of all their works and children without helps from the man or their husband, but one day they feel bored with much works they do and want to escape their responsibilities and regain their freedom and pleasure which have been delayed. The purpose of this study is to identify the types and the functions of the taboo words which spoken by the mom’s characters of the Bad Mom’s movie or the data is taken from the movie’s script. This article tells about the American views of the  mom’s character or which categorized bad from their daily speech, specially in taboo words use, because speech or discourse can cause an image self or represent theirself.
A NEW TYPE LORENTZIAN ALMOST PARA CONTACT MANIFOLD
Authors: BAHADIR Oğuzhan
Published: July 2022

The present study initially introduced a new type Lorentzian almost para contact manifold using the generalized symmetric metric connections of type $(\alpha,\beta)$. Later, some results is given about new type Lorentzian almost para contact manifold.

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF GENERALIZED OSKOLKOV EQUATION VIA THE SEPTIC B-SPLINE COLLOCATION METHOD
Authors: KARAKOÇ Seydi Battal Gazi , SUCU Derya , TAGHACHİ Mohamad Arif
Published: July 2022

In this paper, one of the nonlinear evolution equation (NLEE) namely generalised Oskolkov equation which defines the dynamics of an incompressible visco-elastic Kelvin-Voigt fluid is investigated. We discuss numerical

solutions of the equation for two test problems including single solitary wave and Gaussian initial condition, applying the collocation finite element method. The algorithm, based upon Crank Nicolson approach in time, is unconditionally stable. To demonstrate the proficiency and accuracy of the numerical algorithm, error norms L2, L∞ and invariant I are calculated and the obtained results are indicated both in tabular and graphical form. The obtained numerical results provide the method is more suitable and systematically handle the solution procedures of nonlinear equations arising in mathematical physics.
Creative Reflections: Processing Clinical Experiences During COVID-19
Authors: Leyden Kristina , Campbell-Law Lucindra
Published: July 2022

Background: Supporting students through unexpected clinical experiences presents a challenge even in the best of times. Providing meaningful clinical experiences through a pandemic adds to the challenge. In the midst of a COVID-19 environment, different strategies were implemented through the use of information technology.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to discuss how a virtual platform was used to support students’ clinical experiences through creative reflection during COVID-19.

Method: A virtual platform was used for student submission and presentation in the pediatrics and behavioral health courses.

Conclusion: A virtual platform is a feasible option and an appropriate strategy for students to reflect and talk about their clinical experiences.
Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites
Authors: Sghaier Rabiaa M. , Benhnini Fouad , Guerfali Fatma Z. , Attia Hanène , Bali Aymen , Zaatour Amor , Mkannez Ghada , Gharbi Adel , Belhaj-Hamida Nabil , Dridi Hichem , Ben-Salah Afif , Dellagi Koussay , Laouini Dhafer
Published: July 2022

In human cutaneous leishmaniasis (HCL) caused by Leishmania (L.) major, the cutaneous lesions heal spontaneously and induce a Th1-type immunity that confers solid protection against reinfection. The same holds true for the experimental leishmaniasis induced by L. major in C57BL/6 mice where residual parasites persist after spontaneous clinical cure and induce sustainable memory immune responses and resistance to reinfection. Whether residual parasites also persist in scars of cured HCL caused by L. major is still unknown. Cutaneous scars from 53 volunteers with healed HCL caused by L. major were biopsied and the tissue sample homogenates were analyzed for residual parasites by four methods: i) microscope detection of amastigotes, ii) parasite culture by inoculation on biphasic medium, iii) inoculation of tissue exctracts to the footpad of BALB/c mice, an inbred strain highly susceptible to L. major, and iv) amplification of parasite kDNA by a highly sensitive real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Our results show that the scars of healed lesions of HCL caused by L. major do not contain detectable residual parasites, suggesting that this form likely induces a sterile cure at least within the scars. This feature contrasts with other Leishmania species causing chronic, diffuse, or recidivating forms of leishmaniasis where parasites do persist in healed lesions. The possibility that alternative mechanisms to parasite persistence are needed to boost and maintain long-term immunity to L. major, should be taken into consideration in vaccine development against L. major infection.