bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Democracy, Markets and the Commons
Authors: Peter Lukas
Published: January 2021

How can we overcome the existing political, economic, and ecological crises that humanity faces? With the notion of the commons, Lukas Peter argues that this form of social organization can provide answers to the shortcomings of centralized states and open and competitive markets. By building on and going beyond the work of Elinor and Vincent Ostrom, he develops an ecological understanding of the commons and human freedom, more generally, thereby reinterpreting classical thinkers such as John Locke and John Rawls. Importantly, he does not suggest an end to property, states or markets, but rather a radical democratization thereof, ultimately providing a real alternative for the 21st century.
Freiheit der Kritik
Authors: Brödner Alexander
Published: January 2021

Wenn wir Menschen als vernünftige Tiere verstehen, droht ein Widerspruch zwischen Bindung und Freiheit: Einerseits soll Vernunft darin bestehen, dass man die Normen des eigenen Handelns selbst bestimmt - dadurch realisiert sich Freiheit. Andererseits aber muss diesen Normen auch eine bindende Kraft zugesprochen werden. Wenn man sie immer wieder selbst bestimmt, scheint eine solche Kraft jedoch nicht verständlich zu werden. So entsteht der Eindruck, die mit Vernunft verbundene Bindung an Normen widerstreite der Freiheit der Selbstbestimmung. Zur Überwindung dieses Widerspruchs klärt Alexander Brödner den Zusammenhang zwischen Selbstbestimmung und Selbstkritik auf.
Co-Parenting und die Zukunft der Liebe
Authors: Wimbauer Christine
Published: January 2021

»Co-Parenting« als Familienkonzept breitet sich aus und stellt die Versprechen des romantischen Liebesideals mitsamt seinem geschlechterungleichen Normalfamilienmodell in Frage. Doch was bedeutet das für die Liebe selbst? Wird sie zerstört oder transformiert und öffnet sie sich für neue Familien- und Beziehungsformen? Entfaltet sich in der post-romantischen Elternschaft gar ein utopisch-emanzipatives Potenzial, das Frauen und LGBTIQ*s aus patriarchalen, hetero- und paarnormativen Herrschaftsverhältnissen befreit? Neben Gegenwarts- und Zukunftsszenarien erkundet Christine Wimbauer auch die gesellschaftspolitischen Herausforderungen dieser Entwicklungen.
Der feste Buchstabe
Authors: Geisenhanslüke Achim
Published: January 2021

»Der Buchstabe tötet, der Geist macht lebendig.« Achim Geisenhanslüke geht dieser Maxime kritisch nach, um auf dem Buchstaben als der Grundlage geistiger Prozesse zu bestehen. Seine komparatistisch angelegte Studie macht deutlich, welche Bedeutung dem Buchstaben in hermeneutischen und psychoanalytischen Deutungsprozessen, Gedichten und Übersetzungen sowie dem modernen Roman zukommt. Dies zeigt sich nicht nur in der Hermeneutik von Friedrich Schleiermacher bis zu Sigmund Freud, sondern vor allem in der Literatur der Moderne, so bei Friedrich Hölderlin und Paul Celan, aber auch bei Vladimir Nabokov und Thomas Pynchon. Der Raum zwischen Buchstabe und Geist erweist sich hier als ein Ort der Interaktion, an dem das Leben des Geistes nur zum Ausdruck kommt, wenn es den Buchstaben anerkennt und an seinem eigenen Leben partizipieren lässt.
Stilwandel unter Mitsprache des Designs Rückblick auf die Entwicklung und den Gebrauch der Theorie der Produktsprache
Authors: Gros Jochen
Published: January 2021

Jochen Gros blickt zurück auf 50 Jahre Theorie der Produktsprache. Dabei zieht sich der Stilbegriff wie ein roter Faden durch die verschieden Phasen der Entwicklung, beginnend mit der Kritik des Funktionalismus als Stil und mit der Des-In Gruppe, die in den Begriffen der Theorie und in der Sprache ihrer Produkte für einen alternativen Lebensstil argumentierte. In den 1980er Jahren folgt die Kritik des Neuen Designs im Rahmen der Postmoderne und die Forschungsprojekte des C-Labors untersuchen bis 2004 den Stilwandel im Übergang von der Massenproduktion zur computergesteuerten Fertigung individueller Produkte. Seitdem erinnert Gros daran, wie Ornamente und Metaphern schon lange vor der Guten Form aus der Sprache verdrängt wurden und vermutet im Umkehrschluss ein zukunftsorientiertes Interesse des Designs an der heutigen Re-Visualisierung von Sprache und Schrift - beispielhaft zu betrachten in Form von Emojis, die sich wie bunte Perlen in die Zeile fädeln und das Textbild prägen.
»Design muss als politisch hoch aufgeladene Praxis gelehrt werden …«
Authors: Bertsch Georg-Christof
Published: January 2021

Die vermeintliche interkulturelle Gültigkeit von Designentscheidungen ist aus einer postkoloniale Position heraus nicht zu halten. Design unterliegt, bei allen ergonomischen und funktionalen Standardisierungsbestrebungen, zu denen auch eine missverstanden Theorie der Produktsprache führen kann, in vielfältiger Weise kulturellen, regionalen Wahrnehmungskonventionen und grundlegenden kulturellen Prägungen der Rezipient*innen/Nutzer*innen. Eine umfassende Untersuchung des Phänomens steht noch aus. Der Text will Anregungen geben.
Gestaltung in einer digitalen Welt - zur Designforschung und der Simultanität intuitiver und systemischer Prozesse im Materialdesign
Authors: Holzbach Markus
Published: January 2021

Markus Holzbach widmet sich in seinem Beitrag »Gestaltung in einer digitalen Welt - zur Designforschung und der Simultanität intuitiver und systemischer Prozesse im Materialdesign« der zunehmenden Digitalisierung unserer Lebenswelt. Materialien und Objekte der uns umgebenden Welt werden immer stärker informiert. Das Institut für Materialdesign IMD arbeitet an der experimentellen und interdisziplinären Verschneidung von Visualisierung und Materialisierung. In heterogenen Gestaltungsprozessen finden intuitive und systemische Prozesse gleichberechtigt - sowohl autonom als auch interagierend - statt. Ziel ist weniger eine dogmatische Reduktion von Gestaltungsprozessen als eine auf der analogen und digitalen Verknüpfung basierende konzeptionelle Materialisierung. Aus materialgerechtem Gestalten wird ein »Gestalten mit gestalteten Materialien«. Die neue Logik des Materials hat häufig nichts mehr mit ursprünglich inhärenten Eigenschaften zu tun. Vielmehr entstehen hybride Materialsysteme mit hybriden Eigenschaften. Materialien werden zum Träger unterschiedlicher Informationen, die mit ihrer Umwelt in einen Dialog treten. Der Weg von den statischen hin zu den dynamischen und prozessorientierten Eigenschaften ist damit geebnet. Das Material wird informativ oder sogar intuitiv und übernimmt zugleich eine andere Rolle - die des eigentlichen Objekts. Unterschiedliche Gesellschafts- und Wissensbereiche werden heute digital gebündelt oder miteinander verknüpft. Darin liegen große Chancen, insbesondere für die angewandten Gestaltungsdisziplinen Design und Architektur.
Kulturpolitik für eine pluralistische Gesellschaft
Authors: Pähler Alexander
Published: January 2021

Als Beitrag zur konzeptionellen Begründung der Kulturpolitik in Deutschland entwickelt Alexander Pähler eine pragmatische Perspektive auf das Verhältnis der Kulturpolitik zu kulturellen Grenzen und kollektiven Identitäten. Unter Bezugnahme auf kulturwissenschaftliche Konzepte untersucht er öffentliche Debatten um Identität, Multikulturalität, Interkulturalität, Transkulturalität, Hybridität, Kolonialismus, Leitkultur, Heimat, Nationalität und Patriotismus. Mit den Konzepten der Transkulturalität und der Hybridität eröffnet er einen genaueren Blick auf aktuelle gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen, denen sich die Kulturpolitik in einer pluralistischen Gesellschaft stellen sollte.
Intimacy in Illegality
Authors: Bartolini Flaminia
Published: January 2021

How do migrant women living in illegality build intimate relationships? How do they experience, resist or take advantage of the tight link between intimacy and migration status created by the German migration legislation? Drawing on rich biographical accounts and ethnographic methods, the book offers an insightful and sensitive look at a mostly unknown aspect of life in illegality. Adopting a critical feminist perspective, Flaminia Bartolini shows how intimacy should be understood in its intrinsic power dimension and looks critically at the German migration regime and on its effects on migrants' lives.
Purification of Glucomannan of Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) Flour using Combination of Isopropyl Alcohol and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction
Authors: Wardhani Dyah Hesti , Rahayu Lucia H , Cahyono Heri , Ulya Hana L
Published: January 2021

Porang tuber is rich of glucomannan content but contained irritable compounds to be consumed. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using isoprophyl alcohol (IPA) was developed as a purification method for glucomannan. This study aimed to determine the effects of UAE conditions (IPA concentrations, ratios of solvent-solid, and number of extraction stages) on the characteristics of purified glucomannan (PG) from porang flour (PF). Single-stage UAE using 80% IPA concentration and ratio of solvent-solid of 8:1 (ml/g) for 10 min gave the highest glucomannan content (76.10%). At this condition, the PG viscosity and yield were 12,800 cP and 96.10%, respectively. Furthermore, the three-stage UAE using 80% IPA concentration in each stage improved the glucomannan content to 83.26% with 15,960 cP and 90.02% of yield. The morphology showed that the purified glucomannan powders had smoother surface and less crump after the purification. Both carbonyl and acetyl groups were observed on PF and PG in different intensities. Keywords: glucomannan, isopropanol, Amorphophallus oncophyllus, ultrasound-assisted extraction
Czy istnieją jakiekolwiek punkty styczne między chrześcijaństwem a islamem?
Authors: Halczuk Piotr
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie: Czy istnieją jakiekolwiek punkty styczne między chrześcijaństwem a islamem? Podstawę rozważań stanowią niektóre wypowiedzi Jana Pawła II z 1986 roku oraz islamski dokument: Jednakowe słowo dla nas i dla was z 2007 roku, a także inne dokumenty Kościoła katolickiego czy różne opracowania. Najpierw autor ukazuje to, co czyni chrześcijaństwo i islam podobnymi – wyznawana jedyność Boga oraz wezwanie do wypełniania „przykazań” miłości Boga i miłości bliźniego. Następnie przedstawia to, co jest charakterystyczne dla obu religii, tzn. co je jednocześnie łączy i dzieli – świadomość pełnienia Bożej woli oraz realizowanie konkretnego posłannictwa (misji), a także prezentuje, jak obie religie spoglądają na siebie nawzajem. W konkluzji przywołuje natomiast doświadczenia z dziedziny dialogu chrześcijańsko-żydowskiego, które również były poprzedzone licznymi stereotypami i uprzedzeniami. Istotne jest, aby nieustannie głosić Dobrą Nowinę, a zatem najpierw to, co łączy chrześcijaństwo i islam, a następnie to, co dzieli, by w taki sposób tworzyć atmosferę wzajemnego zrozumienia i pokoju.
Wierność prawu liturgicznemu wiernością Chrystusowi i Kościołowi
Authors: Kwiatkowski Dariusz
Published: January 2021

Artykuł ukazuje konieczność zachowania wierności prawu liturgicznemu odnoszącemu się szczególnie do Eucharystii. Reforma liturgiczna Soboru Watykańskiego II dała możliwość różnym adaptacjom w liturgii, ażeby wierni mogli w niej uczestniczyć w sposób bardziej świadomy i zaangażowany. Niestety, ta wolność przez wielu kapłanów bywa niewłaściwie interpretowana i często wprowadzają oni zmiany w celebracjach liturgicznych tam, gdzie tego nie wolno czynić. Dotyczy to przede wszystkim Eucharystii. Należy podkreślić, że wszelkie nadużycia i błędy w sprawowaniu Eucharystii powodują zaciemnienie prawidłowej wiary i nauczania katolickiego odnośnie do tego przedziwnego Sakramentu. Najczęściej przyczyną różnych błędów i nadużyć jest fałszywe rozumienie wolności, niewłaściwe praktyki ekumeniczne, ignorancja oraz przede wszystkim brak wiary. Artykuł uzasadnia tezę, że wierność prawu liturgicznemu jest jednocześnie wiernością Chrystusowi i Kościołowi. Podstawowym źródłem artykułu jest instrukcja wydana 25 marca 2004 roku przez Kongregację ds. Kultu Bożego i Dyscypliny Sakramentów o zachowaniu i unikaniu pewnych rzeczy dotyczących Najświętszej Eucharystii Redemptionis Sacramentum. W sposób szczególny w artykule zostały omówione nadużycia dotyczące materii Eucharystii, modlitwy eucharystycznej i Komunii Świętej.
Propozycje realizacji duszpasterstwa pielgrzymkowego w okresie między pieszymi pielgrzymkami
Authors: Żochowski Dariusz
Published: January 2021

W chrześcijańskiej duchowości – w zasadzie od początków istnienia chrześcijaństwa – ważne miejsce zajmuje praktyka pielgrzymowania do miejsc świętych. Wyraża ona między innymi fakt bycia na ziemi pielgrzymem, który nie ma tu swojego trwałego i ostatecznego miejsca. Podejmowanie pielgrzymek wiązało się także z praktykami pokutnymi, z decyzjami o nawróceniu, zmianie życia. W latach 80. i 90. XX wieku w Polsce nastąpiło ożywienie praktyki pielgrzymowania. Duszpasterze dość szybko zauważyli, że to jednorazowe wydarzenie powinno znaleźć kontynuację w różnych inicjatywach duszpasterskich realizowanych w czasie między pielgrzymkami. Niniejsze opracowanie – oparte na doświadczeniach pielgrzymowania z lat przełomu XX i XXI wieku – prezentuje sposoby ciągłej formacji pielgrzymów na płaszczyznach: ogólnopolskiej, diecezjalnej i grupy pielgrzymkowej.
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Drives the Prioritization of Self-Associated Stimuli in Working Memory
Authors: Yin Shouhang , Bi Taiyong , Chen Antao , Egner Tobias
Published: January 2021

Humans show a pervasive bias for processing self- over other-related information, including in working memory (WM), where people prioritize the maintenance of self- (over other-) associated cues. To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying this self-bias, we paired a self- versus other-associated spatial WM task with fMRI and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of human participants of both sexes. Maintaining self- (over other-) associated cues resulted in enhanced activity in classic WM regions (frontoparietal cortex), and in superior multivoxel pattern decoding of the cue locations from visual cortex. Moreover, ventromedial PFC (VMPFC) displayed enhanced functional connectivity with WM regions during maintenance of self-associated cues, which predicted individuals' behavioral self-prioritization effects. In a follow-up tDCS experiment, we targeted VMPFC with excitatory (anodal), inhibitory (cathodal), or sham tDCS. Cathodal tDCS eliminated the self-prioritization effect. These findings provide strong converging evidence for a causal role of VMPFC in driving self-prioritization effects in WM and provide a unique window into the interaction between social, self-referential processing and high-level cognitive control processes.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPeople have a strong tendency to attend to self-related stimuli, such as their names. This self-bias extends to the automatic prioritization of arbitrarily self-associated stimuli held in working memory. Since working memory is central to high-level cognition, this bias could influence how we make decisions. It is therefore important to understand the underlying brain mechanisms. Here, we used neuroimaging and noninvasive neurostimulation techniques to show that the source of self-bias in working memory is the ventromedial PFC, which modulates activity in frontoparietal brain regions to produce prioritized representations of self-associated stimuli in sensory cortex. This work thus reveals a brain circuit underlying the socially motivated (self-referential) biasing of high-level cognitive processing.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Thyroid and female infertility: more questions than answers?!
Authors: Poppe Kris
Published: January 2021

Severe thyroid dysfunction may lead to menstrual disorders and infertility via direct and indirect interactions with the hypothalamo–pituitary–ovarian axis and the reproductive organs. However, the exact prevalence of infertility in women with thyroid disorders remains unknown. Fertility problems may persist even after restoring normal thyroid function, and then surgery and/or an assisted reproductive technology (ART) may be necessary to obtain a pregnancy. The initial step in an ART treatment is the ovarian stimulation, putting strain on the thyroid gland, potentially leading to (permanent) hypothyroidism in women with thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) or when already treated with thyroid hormones (LT4). Moreover, women with ovarian and unexplained causes of infertility have a higher prevalence of TAI. In women treated with LT4, a serum TSH level <2.5 mIU/L should be targeted before ART. In women with TSH levels >4.0 mIU/L, fertilisation rates, embryo quality and live birth rates may be impaired but also improved with LT4 therapy. In euthyroid women with TAI, LT4 should not be given systematically, but on a case-by-case basis if serum TSH is >2.5 mIU/L. For all of the above reasons, women of infertile couples should be screened routinely for the presence of thyroid disorders. In this review, we will focus on the gaps in the current knowledge, the remaining questions on the associations between thyroid (disorders) and (assisted) reproduction and make proposals for future investigations that may lead to a better understanding and contribute to novel treatment options in the long term.
Agenda institucional de la enseñanza media técnico-profesional en Chile, 2009-2018
Authors: Orrego Tapia Vanesa
Published: January 2021

La enseñanza media técnico-profesional es un tema pendiente en la política pública chilena, pues, aunque en su agenda institucional se han discutido desafíos y propuestas a través de tres documentos oficiales publicados por el Ministerio de Educación, los avances concretos han sido escasos. En este escenario se desarrolla el siguiente ensayo, cuyo objetivo es revisar el discurso oficial sobre la educación media técnica profesional en la agenda institucional en Chile entre 2009-2018. El análisis se focaliza en las continuidades, como la priorización otorgada a la calidad educativa e institucionalidad, y las rupturas entre los documentos, particularmente aquella que acusa la mezcla de enfoques teóricos. Las conclusiones también relevan dos temáticas ausentes: la innovación educativa y el enfoque de género.
Examining Current and Future Ecuadorian Educators’ Experiences Using Action Research in the English as a Second Language Classroom
Authors: Burgin Ximena D. , Daniel Mayra C.
Published: January 2021

This paper reports on Ecuadorian pre-service and in-service teachers’ ability to conduct action research in the classroom as well as their skills to efficiently adjust instruction to address students’ cultural and linguistic diversity. A qualitative case study approach was implemented to collect information from teacher candidates in 2015, in-service teachers from a public school in 2017, and in-service teachers from a private school in 2019. Data were collected through focus groups and interviews conducted in Spanish. Findings suggest that training teachers to conduct action research will improve their ability to analyze data and improve students’ learning outcomes.
Exploring EFL Teaching and Learning Processes in Two Undergraduate Mandatory Courses
Authors: Durán Estefanía , García Katherin
Published: January 2021

This multiple case study explored the influence of English teachers’ methodological practices over undergraduate students’ learning processes in two English as a foreign language mandatory courses for different majors, at Universidad de Pamplona (Colombia). Data were gathered through non-participant observations, field notes, stimulated recall interviews, and semistructured interviews. Findings revealed that teacher-centeredness, the grammar-translation and audiolingual methods dominated the lessons; textbook-oriented classes with an emphasis on listening and writing characterized the courses; teacher and peer correction were encouraged; and classroom tasks and evaluation mostly focused on grammar and vocabulary. Although teachers had methodological practices, these influenced students’ learning processes differently.
Violence forms among university students from Junin Region, Perú
Authors: Baltazar Meza Carmen Yudex , Pérez Camborda Belén del Rosario , Solís Mandujano Dany Yanina , Huaman De La Cruz Alex Rubén
Published: January 2021

Objective To examine the association among six forms of violence and their levels among Peruvian university students from a public University in Peru´s Junin region.Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study of students of both sexes from the Faculty of Education. Sampling comprised 961 voluntary students (629 females and 332 males) studying in the education faculty from the National University of Center of Perú. Data were collected in the period July-December 2019 using the Domestic Violence Measurements Scale (VIFJ4), which assessed six forms of violence (physical, psychological, sexual, social, patrimonial, and gender). These variables were assessed through three levels of violence (mild, moderate, and severe).Results All student felt violence in their six forms. A higher percentage of violence was found in females than males. According severe level the forms of violence were ordered as follow: physical > psychological > patrimonial > social > gender. For moderate level: social > sexual > physical > gender > patrimonial > psychological, and mild level: psychological > patrimonial > gender > social > physical > sexual.Conclusion It was confirmed that there are different forms of violence and their levels in both males and females. This knowledge will serve as a basis for the development and implementation of educational programs that help university students to establish adequate behavior and mental health.
ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM PADA PERILAKU PEMASARAN DAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Ramdania Wida
Published: January 2021

Marketing ethics are an integral part of the Islamic economic system which deals with values that can influence consumer behavior. This study aims to discuss the relationship between ethical concepts of marketing behavior and consumer satisfaction from an Islamic economic perspective. To reconstruct the substantive relationship between ethical concepts of marketing behavior and consumer satisfaction, the literature review analysis method is used in examining secondary sources such as the Qur'anic Tafsir, hadith, journal articles, books, and several other relevant sources. The study results found that ethical marketing behavior in Islam is believed to be conceptually related to customer satisfaction so that it can affect business development. Ethics of marketing behavior and consumer satisfaction must be considered so that the company can face competition, maintains the existence and continuity of its business so that it can provide added value and the highest satisfaction for the company, consumers, and all elements of stakeholders.
Relative abundances of medium and large mammals in the Cueva de Los Guácharos National Park (Huila, Colombia)
Authors: Gast Felipe , Stevenson Pablo R.
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Medium and large mammals are greatly affected by human activities, such as, habitat loss and hunting. In Colombia, these pressures have been most extensive in the dry and Andean forests. However, there is scare information available on the presence or abundance of these organisms for monitoring purposes. This study used photo-trapping cameras to determine the relative abundances of medium and large mammals in a mountain forest in the National Natural Park “Cueva de los Guacharos”, Huila (Colombia). Additionally, we examined whether trail use by humans could affect the distribution of these organisms. The cameras were located every 500 meters along the trails in strategic locations. We obtained the relative abundance of 11 species, being medium-sized mammals the most frequent (Cuniculus paca, Dasyprocta punctata and Mazama rufina). We recorded the presence of mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque), dwarf red brocket (Mazama rufina) and oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus), which are found in a high threat category according to the IUCN. Activity patterns were reported for 4 different species including daytime, nocturnal and cathemeral activities. Finally, we concluded that large mammals avoided trails of frequent use, and although the relative abundance of mammals is not very high, this National Park is still supporting relevant biodiversity.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of dogs in sepsis in an academic veterinary hospital in the north of Paraná
Authors: Camargo Junior Valdair E. , Arias Mônica V. Bahr , Perugini Marcia R.E.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a patient’s unregulated response to an infectious process. In veterinary medicine, the exact incidence of sepsis is unknown. Early recognition of sepsis in critically ill patients is essential for rapid and effective therapeutic intervention. The present study aimed to apply the criteria of an adapted sepsis assessment protocol based on the Second International Consensus Definition for Sepsis and Septic Shock or Sepsis-2 of human medicine, in canine patients with suspected systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and/or organ dysfunction, and to identify infectious agents as well as their antimicrobial resistance profile in the focus of infection, in the bloodstream and colonizing the rectal mucosa. Patients were evaluated for survival and severity of sepsis. Of the 37/42 dogs that met the sepsis criteria, six presented septic shock, 26 (70.2%) had at least two signs of SIRS, and sepsis with organ dysfunction was diagnosed in 27 (73%) dogs. The primary dysfunctions observed were decreased level of consciousness in 21/37 (56.8%), hyperlactatemia in 19/37 (51.4%), and hypoalbuminemia in 18/37 (48.6%). Two or more SIRS signs associated with hypotension and hypoalbuminemia were related to more than half of the deaths. The most frequent infectious focus was skin and soft tissue in 20/37 (54%), followed by organs and cavities in 8/37 (21.6%). The survival rate was 56.7%. Blood culture confirmed bacteremia in nine patients (24.3%), with a predominance of Gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus intermedius, Streptococcus spp.) in 66.6% of dogs and one yeast (Candida glabrata). The most frequent bacteria in the focus of infection were gram-negative bacteria (46.2%), mainly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in 19.5%, 14.6%, and 12.1%, respectively. We observed colonization by gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli-ESBL (31.5%), K. pneumoniae-ESBL (15.7%), and P. aeruginosa (15.7%), and the presence of ESBL bacteria was more associated with death when compared with other microorganisms. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) were isolated from rectal mucosa in four dogs. Gram-negative microorganisms were the most frequent in both infections and colonization, and most of them were resistant to fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and cephalosporins. Based on this information, it can be concluded that mortality due to sepsis in dogs was high. Due to the presence of multi-resistant bacteria, the use of antimicrobials should be judicious, suggesting the implementation of the same precautions used in human hospitals to prevent the spread of multi-resistant microorganisms.
Isolation and genotyping of Mycobacterium bovis in suggestive lesions of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in the state of Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Felipe F. , Oliveira Maria L.M. , Alzamora Filho Fernando , Santos Bruno R. , Araújo Luenny C.S.S.C. , Santos Evelin S.V. , Gomes Harrison M. , Costa Joselito N.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a zoonosis caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis, which induces the development of nodular and granulomatous lesions in various animal tissues. The recognition of these suggestive gross lesions during postmortem sanitary inspection in slaughterhouses provides a presumptive diagnosis, which requires the use of complementary tests to confirm the disease. This study aimed to verify the occurrence of BTB in cattle slaughtered in slaughterhouses in the state of Ceará, Brazil, using bacteriological and molecular methods. To this end, suggestive lesions were analyzed on carcasses condemned by the “Serviço de Inspeção Estadual” (SIE). The samples were submitted to microbiological analysis using culture media and specific staining followed by spoligotyping molecular technique for identification and genotyping of the mycobacteria. Occurrence of lesions suggestive of BTB was verified in bovine carcasses (0.071%) from different municipalities of the state. These lesions were located mainly in the lung (95.12%), lymph nodes (58.53%), and liver (36.58%). Microbiological culture showed bacterial isolation (17.94%), with the growth of colonies showing morphological and tannic characteristics belonging to genus Mycobacterium spp. Genetic polymorphism analysis identified M. bovis in all isolates, which were discriminated into six spoligotypes (SB0121, SB0295, SB1064, SB0120, SB0870, and SB0852). These profiles have been described in Brazil and several areas of the world, except for profiles SB1064 and SB0852, which were described in the country for the first time. The results show that the association of the diagnostic methods used was the basis for the first study on identification of mycobacteria found in the state, which may provide a database for the epidemiological study of BTB in the state of Ceará.
Haematological variables of Santa Ines and Ile de France suckling lambs: Influence of Haemonchus contortus infection
Authors: Lins José Gabriel G. , Almeida Fabiana A. , Amarante Alessandro F.T.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT: Haemonchus contortus is the major gastrointestinal parasite of sheep raised in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. This trial aimed to evaluate the influence of H. contortus infection on the bone marrow response of Santa Ines (SI) and Ile de France (IF) suckling lambs experimentally infected with H. contortus. Fourteen SI lambs and 12 IF lambs were randomized in four groups: infected SI (n=8), non-infected SI (n=6), infected IF (n=8) and non-infected IF (n=4). Lambs of infected groups were submitted to 27 infections, conducted every two days, from 14 to 68 days of age, and each lamb received a total of 5400 H. contortus infective larvae (L3). Ten blood samples were obtained during the experimental period to be used for erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, packed cell volume and total plasma protein estimation. Additionally, it was carried out a differential leukocyte count. Lambs from control groups did not shed eggs in faeces all over the experiment, while infected Santa Ines and Ile de France lambs presented means of 2963 EPG (Eggs Per Gram of faeces) and 8175 EPG in the last sampling (P<0.05), respectively. Infected Santa Ines lambs had an increase in eosinophil release, however differences (P<0.05) on circulation number in comparison with infected Ile de France lambs were identified only in the last sampling (54 days post first infection). The mild H. cortortus infection did not produce significant changes in the blood variables of the Ile de France and Santa Ines suckling lambs.
Pathological features of cloned calves that died in the neonatal period
Authors: Pereira Lídia dos Santos , Porto Mirna R. , Reis Júnior Janildo L. , Rumpf Rodolfo , Silva Júnior Edson R. , Soto-Blanco Benito , Câmara Antônio Carlos L. , Borges José Renato J.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT: Somatic-cell nuclear transfer is a cloning technique that enables the creation of a viable embryo from a donor adult to produce a genetically identical individual. This technique opens numerous potential possibilities for medicine and animal reproduction. However, several reports have documented cloning-related issues. Embryo and fetal losses remain significantly higher than in other techniques, and there is a high incidence of dystocia and hydrops, which decreases efficiency and increases costs. Animals delivered at term often exhibit a syndrome known as macrosomia and experience difficulties in adapting to life outside the uterus, and death is a common outcome. In the present study, 41 cloned calves that died in the neonatal period were subjected to gross and histopathological examination. Most important gross lesions were found in the liver (enlargement, congestion, yellowish color), kidneys (brownish color at surface and cut, and cysts), lungs (atelectasis, parenchymal consolidation, and secretions in bronchi and bronchioles), and heart (concentric and eccentric hypertrophy, hematic cysts, persistence of ductus arteriosus). Primary microscopic findings were seen in the liver, kidneys, and lungs from neonatal calves. In the liver, 85% of the animals exhibited hepatic degeneration. The presence of a brownish pigment within the cortical tubules of the kidneys was found in approximately 90% of the samples; the presence of this pigment has not been previously reported in cloned calves. In the lungs, a large number of animals exhibiting lesions characteristic of pneumonia (55%). These changes were the pivotal causes of death, mainly due to problems in adapting to life outside the uterus and opportunistic infections in the neonatal period. Further investigation focusing on pathological anatomical changes is necessary to map these abnormalities in cloned animals.
Cobalt deficiency in cattle and its impact on production
Authors: Silva Westerlly J. , Guizelini Carolina C. , Franco Gumercindo L. , Veiga Rayane C.P. , Arruda Williane G. , Nascimento Valter A. , Melo Elaine S.P. , Lemos Ricardo A. A.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT: Two outbreaks of cobalt deficiency in beef cattle were diagnosed in Midwestern Brazil. We discuss the clinical, epidemiological, pathological features, therapeutic measures, and impact aspects of the production system associated with these outbreaks occurring outbreaks in two farms of extensive cattle raising-system in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Seven affected cattle were euthanized and necropsied. Tissues for histopathology and microelements dosage were secured. At Farm A, 3100 cattle of all ages got sick, and 396 died; at Farm B, 148 were affected, and 110 died. In both farms, cattle were fed the same mineral supplement. The main clinical signs were weight loss and weakness, even though a good supply of forage was available in the paddocks. Many cattle stop grazing and chew at tree barks, wood chips from fence posts, and bones. In addition to the deaths, there was a compromised growth, and the reproductive rates fell sharply. The necropsied cattle were thin, with rough hair coat and pale mucous membranes. The liver was diffusely orange and showed a lobular pattern. The bone marrow was gelatinous and diffusely yellow. Histological changes included hemosiderosis in the liver and spleen, hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration, and myeloid and erythroid hypoplasia of the bone marrow. In the white matter of four cattle’s brains, the myelin sheath was markedly distended (spongy degeneration). Proliferative parasitic abomasitis was observed in three cattle. The presumptive diagnosis was based on the association of the clinical picture, the necropsy findings, and the ruling out of other possible causes. The diagnosis was confirmed by the favorable response to treatment with cobalt and vitamin B12 orally and by mineral supplementation.
PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NONSPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN IN NURSING WORKERS
Authors: Cargnin Zulamar Aguiar , Schneider Dulcinéia Ghizoni , Schneider Ione Jayce Ceola
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the prevalence and factors associated with nonspecific low back pain in nursing workers in a public hospital in the South of the country. Method: a cross-sectional study involving 301 nursing workers. Data collection was carried out from May to October 2017 and, in addition to a questionnaire with sociodemographic, work, health conditions, lifestyle and psychosocial conditions, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used as a screening tool for low back pain and the Self Report Questionnaire to assess the possibility of minor psychiatric disorders. The Chi-Square test was used to analyze the association between variables, and multivariate analysis with Binary Logistic Regression to estimate the Odds Ratio and the 95% confidence intervals. Results: the prevalence of nonspecific low back pain was 51.4% (95% CI: 45.5-57.3) in the last 12 months and 45.4% (95% CI: 39.4-51.3) in the last seven days, and limitation for activities of daily living and work of 18.1% (95% CI: 13.5-22.7). The presence of other diseases and psychosocial and psychological factors increased the chances of presenting or low back pain discomfort. Conclusion: the results demonstrate the need for greater attention to nursing workers, mainly related to the presence of musculoskeletal pain and to their mental suffering.
TRAINING OF CAREGIVERS OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL HEALTHCARE NEEDS: SIMULATION CONTRIBUTIONS
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Madalena da , Pina Juliana Coelho , Rocha Patrícia Kuerten , Anders Jane Cristina , Souza Ana Izabel Jatobá de , Okido Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the contributions of simulation regarding the training of caregivers of children with special healthcare needs, in the preparation for hospital discharge. Method: descriptive-exploratory study, with qualitative approach, carried out with caregivers of children with special healthcare needs. The study was developed in a simulation center of a public university in the South of Brazil, in partnership with a state reference children's hospital. The training program was based on simulations, using low, medium and high fidelity simulators, in which 15 caregivers participated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and submitted to content analysis, in its thematic modality. Results: two categories emerged: simulation as a learning strategy and implications of training for home care. The simulations allowed the improvement of procedural skills and coping with possible complications in the home setting. Feelings of fear and anxiety were initially triggered, especially in the high fidelity simulation. However, after the training, the caregivers felt relieved, self-confident and satisfied with their performance, highlighting the importance of the support provided during the simulations. They reported having greater confidence to perform the procedures on the child and face the challenges of home care. Conclusion: the simulation was considered a valid strategy for the training of caregivers, stimulating empowerment and self-confidence in the face of complex care required by a child with special healthcare needs. The study innovates by exploring the potentialities of simulation in this context, bringing important contributions to qualify the home care of this clientele.
PROFESSIONAL QUALITY OF LIFE AND COPING IN A REFERENCE HOSPITAL FOR VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE
Authors: Dornelles Thayane Martins , Macedo Andreia Barcellos Teixeira , Souza Sônia Beatriz Cocaro de
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the relationship between professional quality of life scores and coping strategies in the multidisciplinary health team that assists children and adolescents victims of sexual violence. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out in a public hospital of Porto Alegre, Brazil. Data collection took place from July to October 2018, using the Professional Quality of Life Scale and the Inventory of Coping Responses at Work. The analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. Regression was used for independent variables with p ≤ 0.05 in the bivariate analyses. Results: the professionals showed a medium level in the compassion satisfaction dimension (54.2%), medium level for secondary traumatic stress (50.8%), and medium level for Burnout (61%). Regarding the coping strategies, the decision-making strategy showed a weak correlation with the compassion satisfaction dimension (0.261), and the emotional extravasation strategy showed a moderate correlation with secondary traumatic stress (0.485) and Burnout (0.399). The female gender was associated with secondary traumatic stress (p=0.002). Conclusion: the identification of coping strategies such as decision-making can help the professionals to increase the levels of compassion satisfaction. In situations of suffering in daily work, management to avoid emotional extravasation should take place, preventing high levels of compassion fatigue. Such information is important to support public policies on occupational health, as well as programs to promote occupational health.
EVALUATION OF HARM REDUCTION STRATEGIES IN THE PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE NETWORK
Authors: Santos Elitiele Ortiz dos , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Eslabão Adriane Domingues , Medeiros Rafael Gil
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate harm reduction strategies in the Psychosocial Care Network of a small city in the southern region of Brazil. Method: qualitative study, using the methodological assumptions of the Empowerment Evaluation. The research was carried out in the Psychosocial Care Network of a small city in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from March to December 2017. Forty-two managers and workers of the psychosocial care network services and the intersectoral network for drug users participated in the study. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Results: the mission of the network under study involved a work proposal aimed at harm reduction. In the knowledge of the current situation, the integrated action of the harm reduction team to the other services in the network was identified and the need for greater understanding of the specifics of this work. Concerning the perspectives for the future of the network, efforts were made to strengthen harm reduction strategies that redeem the potential of individuals and investments in human and structural resources in damage reduction teams. Conclusion: the study presents support for the construction of harm reduction proposals integrated into the psychosocial care network, which can guide the prioritization of investments and improvements in the decision making of network managers and workers.
Associações entre a autoeficácia docente e a utilização do Objective Structured Clinical Examination na educação médica
Authors: Bressa Rebeca Carvalho , Murgo Camélia Santina , Sena Bárbara Cristina Soares
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The inclusion of new methodologies and assessments in the medical education area has indicated the need to understand teachers’ perception of their own ability to use them adequately. Objective: Thus, the present study aimed to investigate possible associations between teacher self-efficacy and the use of OSCE. Method: The Teacher Self-efficacy Scale and Self-Efficacy Sources Scale and a characterization questionnaire were used. Forty-seven medical teachers from a private university, of both genders, aged between 31 and 78 years, participated in the study. Results: The results indicated that the factors Social Persuasion and Vicarious Learning were the most endorsed, suggesting that these sources are the ones that interfere the most in the formation of the participants’ beliefs. There was only one positive and statistically significant correlation, with a weak magnitude, established between the Intentionality of Action Efficacy and Vicarious Learning. The other identified correlations were statistically negative and of moderate magnitude. Conclusions: The teachers who agreed with some important characteristics about the OSCE method also showed higher levels of self-efficacy. Therefore, professionals with greater perseverance, resilience and confidence, have also been more committed to teaching, research and student assistance.
Growth and yield of potato genotypes in the Brazilian Midwest
Authors: Pereira Gabriel Emiliano , Ragassi Carlos Francisco , Carvalho Agnaldo Donizete Ferreira de , Silva Giovani Olegário da , Vilela Michelle Sousa
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT The knowledge of the plant growth pattern under specific climatic conditions (growth curve) is the basis for exploiting the maximum yield potential of potato genotypes. This study aimed to establish the growth curve, as well as to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, yield and specific gravity of tubers of three potato cultivars and one elite clone, thus providing basic information on the productive characteristics of these genotypes in the Brazilian Midwest. A randomized experimental block design, with three replications, was used. The dry mass accumulated by the tubers varied from 6.28 (Agata) to 9.75 t ha-1 [F183-08-01 (F183)]; the total mass of tubers from 35.33 (BRSIPR Bel) to 58.60 t ha-1 (F183); the mass of marketable tubers from 23.46 (Asterix) to 48.24 t ha-1 (F183); and the leaf area index from 2.86 (Agata) to 10.60 (F183). F183 showed a good adaptation to the cultivation conditions of the Federal District, being strongly recommended for this region.
Quality of millet seeds at different positions of the panicle
Authors: Martinatti Juliana , Raimundo Erikson Kadoshe Morais , Zacharias Marina Barros , Conceição Patricia Marluci da , Forti Victor Augusto
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Many factors may interfere in the quality of millet seeds; however, it is not known whether the location at different positions of the panicle may affect this quality. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of millet seeds produced at different positions of the panicle using uniformity, 1,000-seed mass, water content, X-ray, germination, seedling length, seedling dry matter mass, cold and health tests. The panicles were divided into five equidistant portions (proximal 1, proximal 2, intermediary, distal 1 and distal 2), starting from the panicle insertion. It was observed that there are differences among the positions of the seeds in the panicles related to the physical, physiological and health characteristics. The seeds located at the ends of the panicles presented a lower mass and physiological potential. The highest occurrence of Fusarium sp. was verified in the seeds from the proximal 1 portion, what might indicate a possible cause for the reduction in the physiological potential. Seeds from the intermediary portion present a higher mass, percentage of intact seeds and physiological potential.
First occurrence of Backusella gigacellularis (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) in a fragment of an Upland Forest within the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil
Authors: Alves Ana Lúcia Sabino de Melo , Freitas Leslie Warren Silva de , Gurgel Luciana Melo Sartori , Leitão Joana D’Arc Alves , Cordeiro Thalline Rafhaella Leite , Santiago André Luiz Cabral Monteiro de Azevedo
Published: January 2021

Abstract In a survey mucoralean fungi in the Brejo da Serra do Benedito, a fragment of Upland Forest in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil, a specimen of Backusella gigacellularis was isolated. So far, B. gigacellularis (holotype) had only been isolated from soil in the Cerrado domain, in São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil. This is the second report of B. gigacellularis worldwide, and the first record to northeastern Brazil. A detailed description, as well as the illustration of the specimen, are presented.