bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Explanatory Power of Structural Realism in the 21st Century: the Eastern Partnership, Russian Expansionism and the War in Ukraine
Authors:   University of Wrocław (Poland), Kunert-Milcarz Renata , Herbut Maciej
Published: January 2018

While the scope of the paper is to assess the actions undertaken by the European Union towards the FSU-CIS (the former Soviet Union, Commonwealth of Independent States) which was manifested through the Eastern Partnership Initiative in the years 2008–2014, the focus will be centred on theoretical concepts and their ‘explanatory power’ rather than actions undertaken by European or Russian decision makers. Taking that into the account, this essay will critically assess the explanatory power of the neorealist school of thought which although overtly criticized, still remains a viable tool in explaining the processes occurring in international relations.
Twenty Years After Communism: The Methodological Review
Authors:   Jagiellonian University in Kraków (Poland), Śledź Andrzej Paweł
Published: January 2018

The paper is a methodological review essay of Michael Bernhard and Jan Kubik’s comparative study of politics of memory and commemoration in seventeen Central and Eastern European states twenty years after the fall of state socialism. The goal of the essay is to critically examine Bernhard and Kubik’s volume, with a particular focus on the comparative methods they applied to explain how some political and cultural factors at the time of the collapse of communism affected a memory regime in the post-communist democracies. This analysis critically examines four aspects of the study, being: the central theoretical assumptions and contribution in comparative and memory politics; case selection; methodology and data analysis; main findings. Each part includes a summary of the particular aspect of the book, the main strengths and weaknesses, and possible improvements. The review essay emphasis is particularly novel and innovative comparative methodology in studying politics of memory and its universality, suggesting, however, severe problems with a lack of clear and consistent discourse analysis methodology which could affect the quality of final results.
Health, environmental and travel cost impacts of urban cycling in Dublin, Ireland
Authors: Doorley Ronan , Pakrashi Vikram , Ghosh Bidisha
Published: January 2018

Cycling as a mode of transport avoids the negative external costs of driving such as air pollution, carbon dioxide emissions and noise and can also reduce the public health costs associated with physical inactivity. However, increased cycling may also have disadvantages such as increased exposure to air pollution and risk of traffic collisions. A number of studies have developed methods to quantify these health and environmental impacts and have shown that the overall impact of increased cycling is positive. However, while minimising travel costs is traditionally the main objective of transport planners, these studies have not included travel cost impacts in their analyses. In this study, the impacts of a modal shift towards cycling are quantified, taking into account health, environmental and travel cost impacts. It was found that the health and environmental impacts of increased cycling in Dublin, Ireland, would be strongly positive, mainly due to the health benefits of physical activity. When travel costs are also included in the analysis, the central estimate of net impact remains positive but the uncertainty increases considerably. This underscores the importance of the transport and health sectors working together to maximise the social welfare resulting from transport projects.
Thermal equity, public health and district cooling in hot climate cities
Authors: Thomas Terence H. , Butters Chris P.
Published: January 2018

In urban environments, ‘chemical’ air pollution has long been of concern. Currently, ‘physical’ air pollution, in the form of excessive temperatures, is likely to impact public health even more, especially in cities with hot climatic conditions. The urban heat island effect (UHI) – whereby big-city air temperatures are already elevated by up to 7°C – is intensifying with urban growth and global warming. Overheating of cities is in addition inequitable, as it is predominantly caused by the rich and suffered by the poor. Heat waves are becoming more frequent and severe. Measures to combat UHI include improved urban design, improved technical efficiencies, reduced heat from vehicles, reduced consumption and palliative or emergency civil measures. A measure of exceptional interest is ‘district cooling’ (DC), the counterpart of the district heating widespread in temperate climates. DC offers economies of scale, higher-energy efficiency than air conditioning, lower climate emissions and other benefits. It is in fact almost the only way to actually counteract UHI, by removing heat from the urban environment, thus reducing the growing energy use and health impacts in hot climate cities. This paper surveys the current practice in DC and its potential benefits.
Bacterial Vaginosis Presence in Sexually Active Women in Tuzla Canton Area
Authors: Numanović Fatima , Hukić Mirsada , Gegić Merima , Nukić Mahmud , Delibegović Zineta , Pašić Selma , Cicko Elsada
Published: January 2018

The goal of our research was to determine the presence of bacterial vaginosis in sexually active women in Tuzla Canton area. Diagnosis determination for bacterial vaginosis was conducted on the basis of three out of four internationally accepted criteria according to Amsel and isolation and identification of Gard- nerella vaginalis (G. vaginalis) by standard microbiological procedures. Bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed in 20,5 % (41/200) women who asked for gynaecologist’s help due to their personal discomfort, since significantly higher percentage of diagnosed bacterial vaginosis of 48,80% (41/84) was determined in women with personal discomfort typical for this disease. All relevant factors, according to available literature, for genesis of bacterial vaginosis were processed in this research. In respect to the obtained outputs, bacterial vaginosis is significantly more frequent occurrence in women who are not married, since the number of sexual partners, the time of the first sexual intercourse, the use of intrauterine contraceptive device and smoking do not cause the genesis of bacterial vaginosis. According to Nugent, an increased vaginal discharge with unpleasant odour after sexual discourse, its pH>4,5, a positive amino odour test, an occurrence of clue cells in a direct microscopic concoction of vaginal discharge and assessment of the state of vaginal flora for bacterial vaginosis are significantly more frequent occurrences in women with individual discomforts. It was proved that G. vaginalisis a dominant micro organism in 95% of women with clinical signs of vaginosis although it was isolated from vaginal discharge in 40 to 50% of healthy women. In our research, G. vaginalis was isolated in 63,41% of examined women with all signs of bacterial vaginosis, in 36,59% of examined women with one or more clinical signs of bacterial vaginosis and in 2,58% of examined women of control group without clinical signs.
Phenotype Manifestations of Polysomy X At Males
Authors: Ćatović Amra
Published: January 2018

Klinefelter Syndrome is the most frequent form of male hypogonadism. It is an endocrine disorder based on sex chromosome aneuploidy. Infertility and gynaecomastia are the two most common symptoms that lead to diagnosis. Diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome is made by karyotyping. Over 20 years period (1985-2004) 124 patients have been sent to “Center for Human Genetics” of Faculty of Medicine in Sarajevo from different medical centres within Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with diagnosis suspecta Klinefelter syndrome, azoospermia, sterilitas primaria and hypogonadism for cytogenetic evaluation. Normal karyotype was found in 99 (79,8%) subjects, and karyotype was changed in 25 (20,2%) subjects. Polysomy X was found in 14 (11,3%) examinees. Polysomy X was expressed at the age of sexual maturity in the majority of the cases. Our results suggest that indication for chromosomal evaluation needs to be established at a very young age.
Evaluation and Importance of Selected Microbiological Methods in the Diagnosis of Human Brucellosis
Authors: Šiširak Maida , Hukić Mirsada
Published: January 2018

Brucellosis is an important public health problem in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The diagnosis of bru-cellosis in the country without any experiences with this kind of infection may be very difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic methods: Rose Bengal test, blood cultures and ELISA IgM and IgG in the patients with brucellosis. The study included 91 brucellosis patients in the period 2004 to 2007. All the patients were treated at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University of Sarajevo Clinics Centre. Blood cultures were positive in 28/91 (30, 8%) patients. This method often needs a long period of incubation and specimens need to be obtained early. These limitations make serology the most useful tool for the laboratory diagnosis of Brucella infection. Rose Bengal is a rapid plate agglutination test, very sensitive irrespective of the stage of the disease. In our study, Rose Bengal test was positive in all patients 91/91 (100, 0%). Brucella IgM antibodies with ELISA were positive in 59/91 (64, 8%). Brucella IgG antibodies with ELISA were positive in 51/91 (56%). In order to determine the diagnostic value of the different tests, we compared the sensitivity among test-methods: Rose Bengal test-100.0%, blood culture-30.8%, ELISA IgM-64.8% and ELISA IgG-56.1%. Sensitivity of test methods was different in the different stages of illness. It is necessary to use combination of different tests such are blood culture, Rose Bengal test and ELISA in order to ensure the diagnosis. Rose Bengal test is excellent for the screening. Blood culture is a method of choice for the diagnosis acute infection. ELISA is a very good method for the diagnostic chronic disease and relapse.
The Influence of Renal Alograft Function on Cardiovscular Status and Left Ventricular Remodelling
Authors: Džemidžić Jasminka , Rašić Senija , Saračević Adnan
Published: January 2018

The synergy and shared co-morbidity, certainly interplay between kidney and cardiovascular disease, where advanced renal failure influences on progression of cardiac disease in bi-direction relationship. Cardiovascular diseases are cause of death in almost 50% of uremic patients. Correction of uremia after successful renal transplantation leads to improved cardiovascular status in the maj ority of kidney transplanted patients. The aim of this study was an evaluation of the influence of renal allograft function on left ventricular remodelling in the first year after transplantation comparing echocardiographic findings before and twelve months after transplantation had been done. In retrospective-prospective study we followed up 30 patients with renal allograft in the first post transplant year. During the study values of serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were monthly monitored. Echocardiographic examination was done before transplantation and one year after the kidney transplantation. Results of our study showed that before transplantation 67% of patients had echocardiographic signs of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, while 33% of patients had normal echocardiographic findings. After first post transplant year, 63% of patients showed normal view of LV and 37% remained with LV hypertrophy. Diastolic dysfunction of LV till the end of study had been reduced from 70% to 40% of patients. The positive echocardio-graphic remodelling of LV significantly correlated with the rise in creatinine clearance and with the reduction of the serum creatinine. These results confirm positive correlation between renal allograft functional status and remodelling of left ventricular hypertrophy after successful renal transplantation.
Survival Benefit of the Late Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Patients after Acute Myocardial Infarction Who Are Or Who Are Not Treated with Thrombolysis
Authors: Knežević Božidarka , Bulatović Nebojša , Belada Nataša , Ivanović Vesna , Dragnić Siniša , Rabrenović Miroslav , Nikolić Goran , Musić Ljilja , Bošković Aneta
Published: January 2018

The impact of late percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on long term mortality remains to be established. At currently, thrombolysis is accepted as standard therapy when PCI is not immediately available. However, PCI is often performed in stable patients with AMI who are/are not received thrombolysis .We performed the trial that enrolled myocardial infarction patients treated with thrombolysis, late PCI and medically to assess the potential benefits of delayed PCI. We follow up 164 consecutive patients after AMI one year. The patients are divided in two groups; first group-66 patients who received reperfusion (37 patients received only thrombolysis, 10 patients received thrombolysis and PCI 7-9 days after thrombolysis and 19 patients underwent only PCI after 7-9 days) and second group-98 patients medically treated. One year mortality was 3% in the reperfusion group (2/66) and 14,3% in the medical group (14/98) (p=0,016). There were not significant differences between groups about other end points-reinfarctus, coronary artery bypass surgery and PCI performed later after discharge. The major predictors of one year mortality were ages (p<0,001) and ejection fraction (p=0,003). Also, therapy with beta-blockers (p=0,002), statins (p=0,001) and ACE-inhibitors (p=0,024) was associated with better survival. Delayed PCI performed 7-9 days after AMI in the patients who underwent thrombolysis or those did not improves outcome at long-term follow-up
Islam Fobi dan Aksi-aksi Radikal
Authors: Iskandar Mohammad
Published: January 2018

During the Dutch colonial government, social protests under the leadership of some Islamic ulamas were suppressed ruthlessly. In 1710, during the time of the East India Company (VOC), some farmers from Jampang, Sukabumi led by two ulamas rebelled against the Company. Even after the Diponegoro war in Java in 1883, in 1885-1888 there were farmers fighting against the colonial government in Ciomas, Banten and the war was named a holy war, fi sabililah war, and so were in 1904 in Aceh and in 1919 in Cimareme, Garut. Since Islamophobia became a modern phenomenon, and it did not only happen in recent occurrence of the post World Trade Center tragedy, it has been taken place even in the past. The general colonial policy was cautious against Islam and it barred the growth of pesantren, or the religious schools, and marginalized them for its anti-modernist stand. Indonesia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia indirectly labeled Islam as terrorists.
Dwikenegaraan Etnis Tionghoa di Luar Tiongkok: Suatu Analisis terhadap Perspektif Pemerintah Tiongkok
Authors: Seda Joanessa M.J.S.
Published: January 2018

The paper is about the historical efforts made by the Chinese Qing dynasty up to the current government to bond the Chinese overseas throughout the world to funnel their financial gain to the homeland. It shows that the policy to take advantage of the Chinese overseas to send their revenues to develop China, was adopted even during the nationalist governments. However, the analysis poses the strong reason of the tie of the Chinese overseas to the homeland, that it was not only given just for its financial support, but that it has been generated by a strong sense of cultural connectedness. On the other hand, although, culturally, the Chinese are attached to their cultural heritage, efforts to force the Chinese overseas to continually support the homeland were not that successful. In the nineteenth century, the Chinese in Indonesia during the colonial time, have been granted by the emperor, a double citizenship.

 But after the Mao downfall, some of the Southeast Asia countries, including Indonesia, has opposed communism in the region, thus rejected the policy. The republic of Deng finally revoked the doublecitizenship policy and as a result, encouraged promotion of teaching Chinese language overseas and sending scholars to study abroad.
Iris Murdoch, Kesempurnaan, dan Moralitas
Authors: Fuad Muhammad
Published: January 2018

The paper brings Iris Murdoch�s article, �The Idea of Perfection,� of which three frames of ideas, Plato�ethics, inner experience, and moral concept were discussed. The goal of �the idea of perfection� is�reaching Perfection by cultivating the inner experience� which the social behaviorists challenged the
notion of �inner experience� as the core role. It is not tangible, therefore it is meaningless. Besides�inner experience, Murdoch�s premise lies in morality, which is �a magnetic but inexhaustible reality.��Although no one can reach Perfection, it remains a measure of which human would direct their�lives and how far it will be for one can get close to it. Murdoch proposes �love� for it is capable for��progressive attempt to see a particular object clearly.� The ways of love are understood in the moral�context, therefore, the choice of which is arbitrary in a sense that they remain as effort to be just and�impartial. Moreover, in the political realm, the effort is challenged at its hardest, but again, the inner�experience, moral choice, and compassion are a possibility. The idea of perfection is practiced in order�that the concept becomes a standard of operation in one�s life. Thus, the cultivation of the ideal of�perfection is a continuing inner exercise.
Kebijakan Penerbangan Perintis di Indonesia: Latar Belakang, Tantangan dan Kontribusi
Authors: Tangkilisan Yuda Benharry
Published: January 2018

It is a study of the Indonesian airline policy and the need of developing market for air traffic. The�research is taken through the written policies of the heads of state and the ministers of communication�from 1950 to the reformation era, and the interinsular flight schedules that were developed throughout�the time. The primary objective of an understanding of an archipelagic conception of air communication�has become the major concern of the independent republic of Indonesia since its independence in1945.�It was to maintain a strategic consideration for national purpose. The result of which, the effort of�the transfer of the colonial airline system, the KLM, to the Indonesian national airline, the GIA, was�successfully achieved. As the national air traffic was subsidized by thegovernment, the commercial line�was partly subsidized for a national security reason to control the air traffic. Therefore, the Indonesian�air transportation is to bridge the need for integrating the archipelago for effort of ethnic integration
and for a national unity in a wide-spread region, despite the need for profit. However, some commercial�endeavors have been initiated in the post-Soeharto era, which resulted a breakdown ofcertain airline�companies. Facing the globalization, the policy would accommodate the air traffic businesses to develop�their facilities for fulfilling the demand of regional welfare, but yet to increasing the supervision of the�national policy on archipelagic stability.
Kisah-kisah dan Kepercayaan Rakyat di Seputar Kepurbakalaan
Authors: Munandar Agus Aris
Published: January 2018

Some archeological sites in Java, Bali, and Sumatra do not have historical data. This is because during the research, there has not been found any documents relating to the existence of the artifacts. The reconstruction of the relation between the sites and their history were made through analyzing the folk stories and local beliefs about the artifacts. Some of the artifacts are in the forms of temples, gates, water springs (source of holy water during the Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms in Java), stairs, caves for meditation, and layers of stones, such as found in Candi Bima (the Bima temple), Goa Jaran (the cave of the horse), and Bima Lukar water spring in Dieng; the story of the statue of Kunto Bimo in Borobudur temple; the story of Prince Gunadharma in the vicinity of the Borobudur temple, Moonstone in Kalasan temple, and the story of Prambanan temple and the palace of Ratu Baka in Jogjakarta, the Jalatunda water spring in Mojokerto; the story of the cave of Selamangleng and the story of the statue of Thothokkerot in Kediri; the Brahu temple and the Bajang Ratu gate in Trowulan; the first gate of Candi Sukuh in Karanganyar; the big Nekara in Pura Penataran Sasih in Gianyar, Bali; the Karang Kamulyan site in Ciamis, West Java; the Pasemah megalith, in Pagar Alam, South Sumatra. Van Peursen’s ontological approach is used in the research to analyze the relation between the artifacts and the society, thus a study of the past is in the open.
Analysis of Audience Reception on Youtube towar d Gender Construction in the Music Video If I Were a Boy by Beyonce Knowles
Authors: Avriyanty Ria
Published: January 2018

Youtube is one of the favorite sites to share videos. Moreover,it facilitates the users to give a free and�direct comment toward the videos they watch. The research examines the music video entitled If I Were a�Boy (2010) by Beyonce Knowles as well as the authentic responses from the viewers in Youtube. I argue
that this music video creates a conventional gender construction which perpetuates the patriarchal�norms in the society. As an attempt to give a new perspective on the similar kind of research, I do�not stop at this point. Applying the concept of encoding-decoding by Stuart Hall (1973), I found the
audience�s being critical which can be seen from the total number of the responses and the controversy�within. In accordance to the three hypothetical position argued by Hall, I found a different portion of�the audience in each position. As a matter of fact, this phenomenon contributes to the cyber culture in�which Youtube is seen as a functional space to make meaning of a digital text and negotiate with the�constructed stereotype by giving responses.
Mendorong Pemahaman Kritis Tentang Dokumen-Dokumen Prinsipil dan Narasi Kebijakan Luar Negeri Am erika di Kawasan Asia Pasifik 2000-2010: Catatan Penelitian
Authors: Sudarman Suzie
Published: January 2018

This research note essentially highlights how an argumentation was developed to reveal the implicit tensions that had been part of the American foreign policy maneuvers in Asia-Pacific, and the locus that were expressed have caused controversy. The finding is an effort to formulate analysis of the American
foreign policy through an understanding of the nature of paradoxal and tension in the general American foreign policy, specifically in Asia-Pacific. Moreover, the pressures from outside the Asia-Pacific region, have eventually impacted the configuration of the publik officers and the experienced politicians in the 
locale, who have resulted policies to support the establishment of the relevant institutions in the region.
Kalimat dengan Reduplikasi Verba
Authors: Idris Hatmi
Published: January 2018

When complement and object appears all together in one sentence, some verbs can be reduplicated, can not be reduplicated, or can be both reduplicated or not be reduplicated. Reduplicated verb’s example: Ta jiao zhongwen jiao le liang ge xiaoshi ‘He has been teaching Mandarin Chinese for two hours’. Verb can or can not be reduplicated depends on the complement types, the verb meaning and the object charactheristic. This paper will analyze this construction semantically, syntactically, and pragmatically.
Fungsi dan Kedudukan Bahasa Mandarin di Indonesia
Authors: Sutami Hermina
Published: January 2018

Since Political Reformed in 1998, teaching of Mandarin language burst out everywhere. Many schools—from primary until senior high school, even kindergarten—teach Mandarin. Having skill in Mandarin has become one prerequisite for new employees recruitment. In order to anticipate this situation, many schoolmasters without having understanding about our National Language Political Policy thought that Mandarin should be taught. They do not know that after nearly 30 years Mandarin was prohibited, the teaching Mandarin planning is really hard to be realised. There is no Mandarin language teacher, text book for Indonesian students, curriculum and syllabus, etc. In fact, many schools try to find old people who were educated in Chinese Schools before the era of late President Suharto to teach Mandarin. The result is far from what they expect. The Department of Education and Culture tried to overcome these problems, but there are still many problems facing us. This paper tried to show the problems, and gave suggesstion to overcome.
Melampaui Sinologi Tradisional
Authors: Soebagjo Natalia
Published: January 2018

Indonesia has had a long history of interaction with China marked with periods of warm understanding and cold misunderstandings. In the modern era in particular ties have been complicated by domestic politics. As China rises in the 21st century and takes its place in the world, Indonesia has to be able to define its relationship vis-a-vis China. To be able to do this, Indonesians need to better understand China. Ability to understand the Chinese language and China’s culture, although basic and essential, is no longer enough. The study of modern China needs to go beyond the traditional understanding of Sinology, strengthened by other academic disciplines, if Indonesians want to better anticipate the dynamics of Indonesia-China relations.
Legenda Meng Jiangnü: Pengarang, Perubahan Cerita dan Daya Tariknya
Authors: Wuryandari Nurni W.
Published: January 2018

The story of Meng Jiangnü, is one of the China most popular folklore-legends. Originally, it was the story of Qi Liangqi, but later transformed to Meng Jiangnü stories with many different details appeared in poems, prose romances, storytelling, or dramas. These transformations or evolutions happened due to old literary customs that made a work has possibility to be changed or recreated by many authors. The author’s creativity not only left abundant resources to interpret or analyze by scholars, but also enchanting common readers or listeners because it moral values and romanticism.
Konflik dan Integrasi, Sebuah Kajian Awal: Kasus Kerusuhan Medan, April 1994
Authors: Legowo Wijaya K.
Published: January 2018

Problems of integration cannot be separated from conflicts. They are two sides of the same coin. A long, escalating conflict may contribute to disintegration. Schermerhorn (1978) on his valuable book mentions there are three models of integration: first, the harmony of the cultural problems; second, the conflict between subordination of an ethnic group and the superordinates, and third, problems of legitimacy. We have found many ethnic conflicts in the Indonesia’s plural society, especially the Chinese ethnic. The Indonesian Chinese minorities of Jakarta are still traumatized by and frightened of their memories for the Medan Riots (1994), the May Riots (1998) and the NTT incidents (2012), all of which are caused by the hatred feelings of majority towards the Indonesian Chinese ethnic.
Since the New Order Era, in order to come up with those problems, the government had issued numerous sets of regulations; however they had not fostered harmony of the ethnic relations within such plural society, particularly between the Indonesian Chinese ethnic and indigenous peoples in numerous regions. Based on the microscopic research on the Medan Riots, I have found a certain model problem of conflicts and integration: a certain relation between the Chinese ethnic and the bureaucracy has become one of the factors keeping the legitimation of conflicts.
Pronoun Production Order in a Gender-Neutral Language: A Single Case Study of a Typically Developing Indonesian Child
Authors: Jap Bernard A. J.
Published: January 2018

Research in children with normal language development has shown that there is a certain order in the production and learning of pronominal forms. To one’s knowledge, there has yet to be a study on the pronoun development of Indonesian speaking children whose native language do not distinguish
between the nominative-accusative form (e.g. in English, I/me – Indonesian, saya/saya) and at the same time being gender neutral (e.g. in English, he/she – Indonesian, dia/dia). The present study follows the personal pronoun development of a (Jakarta) Indonesian-speaking child from 24 months to 46 months of age.
AIRLANGGA: HIS RELATIONS TO KINGS IN SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA
Authors: Susanti Ninie
Published: January 2018

After 1,000 years of C.E, it was the most crucial period in the journey of Southeast Asian ancient history. Many fundamental transitions happened, which were caused by disturbances from the outside of the Southeast Asian countries, as well as, from the countries within Southeast Asia. Casparis was a scholar who wrote about King Airlangga’s rule in Java (1019 – 1043 C.E) and who called him “A True Personality” because he succeeded in helping his people going through difficult times when the state faced devastation. Coedès placed Airlangga in a position equal to that of other kings of mainland Southeast Asia, such as King Suryawarman (who ruled Khmer from 1002 to 1050), and King Aniruddha of Pagan (1044 – 1077). The content of King Airlangga’s inscriptions reflected his broad networks in politics, economy, and religion to many kings in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, his reforming ideas was – believed – inspired by his networks. During his ruling period, his ideas of reformation had granted him as a great king. He managed to raise his kingdom from the devastation caused by Pralaya in 1016 by using as an analogy, a policy which was formed through the political, economic and religious conditions implemented by other neighboring kings, to his domestic problem. The result of which is that it was an intense relationship between the kings in Southeast Asia and South Asia and King Airlangga during the spice route network and other products. This relationship continued until Majapahit era in Java, according to the inscriptions.
CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING IN THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF THE BABY-SITTERS CLUB
Authors: Aisyah Halida
Published: January 2018

This paper examines the original American edition and the Indonesian translation of two The Baby-Sitters Club novels. The researcher focuses on how culture-specific items in the novels are translated. Javier Aixelá’s classification is used to identify culture-specific items, and the translator’s method is analyzed using the notions of foreignization and domestication by Lawrence Venuti. It is found that foreignization is the translator’s tendency in translating the two novels, which indicates that the translated version of these children’s novels promote cultural understanding. This research also fills a gap in translation study as little research has been done to study the relationship between foreignization and the intended audience of the translated works.
Representasi Tokoh Wanita pada Kisah Fiksi Kriminal: Serial Televisi Sherlock BBC (2010)
Authors: Maully Gevintha Karunia
Published: January 2018

Sherlock BBC (2010) is one of the latest adaptations of Sherlock Holmes. By using the modern era as its sett ing, Sherlock off ers something different compared to previous Sherlock Holmes adaptations. This research focuses on the representation of female characters on Sherlock according to an issue that already chosen which is women and crime. The theories and concepts which are used on this research are gender construction in Victorian Era, the concept of femme-fatale and crime fi ction characteristics. I argue that there are some substantial diff erences of female characters’ representation in Sherlock compared to the original story. Despite those diff erences, female characters in Sherlock are still represented in a similar manner as the crime fictions characteristics in which women are always put in an inferior position and
the one who need men’s help.
Ambiguitas yang Mencerminkan Rasisme dalam Film The Princess and The Frog
Authors: Oktarina Rizki Nurmaya
Published: January 2018

Princess fairy tales have made the Disney Corporation so famous. At fi rst, Disney princesses were white skinned. As time goes by, Disney started fi lming animated movies with colored princesses. In 2009, Disney released a movie based on an African-American princess named Tiana in ‘The Princess and the Frog’ (2009). Ambiguities in terms of understanding black appear in the fi lm. To help analyzing this movie, Barthes’ semiotics theory will be used. By using that theory, the writer proposes that on one hand, Disney conveys that America has become “color blind,” but on the other, blacks are positioned as lower class. This movie refl ects Disney’s belief in what is true and ideal about the American society, but here we see that the notion “all men are created equal” writt en in the declaration of Independence is not fully implemented in the American society.
Kebijakan Diaspora India di Asia Tenggara: Corak Strategi Ekonomi dalam Ikatan Identitas Budaya
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Azizi Naufal
Published: January 2018

The paper describes the economic influence in the cultural policy seen through the big number of the diaspora of ethnic and national of India in Southeast Asia. Although in one hand, the India diaspora is one of the substantial sources in developing India, however, on the other, there are some obstacles found in this matter, such as that the Indian policy is partial against other countries in Southeast Asia, so as that the countries of Southeast Asia partial against the Indian diaspora. The writer of this paper, starts his argument with the idea to offer double citizenship to the Indian migrants, and then seeing in social perspective the Indian cultural identity in Southeast Asia. Besides this, the writer brings to highlight the bilateral relation between India and Indonesia and last is the importance of how the Indian government places itself among the Southeast Asian countries, which may become a way of approach the countries of Southeast Asia encounter the migrants of India.
Moralitas Jawa dalam Wayang Kulit Purwa: Tinjauan pada Lakon Laire Semar
Authors: Darmoko Darmoko
Published: January 2018

The Javanese leather puppet use myths about the gods, prophets, spirits, and people of the ancient time, besides the texts of Lokapala, Arjunasasrabahu, Ramayana, and Mahabarata to teach prudence and to enable men to respond to the happenings of their natural life, or “daya-daya kekuatan alam” (van Peursen, 1989: 37). These myths contain the moral philosophy about the relation of men with other men, with nature, and with God, determined by a pattern of thought which orients itself toward the principles of harmony and balance. The paper highlights the story of the birth of Semar, or Laire [in English: la-ee-ray} Semar, which shows how the Javanese morality was constructed and power in the Javanese conception implemented. Semar, god in human form, reveals the essence of power a king should have, and teaches that power is a godly characteristic used to enhance goodness. This concept is against the belief that power is ruthlessness and domineering that is hidden in good-look, princely manner and power. His ugly looking reflects the importance of inner strength which is generous and kind, over handsome outward look, but has a mean heart As an expression of arts, the puppeteers hold an important role to distribute the stories that have philosophical meaning to the audience when the leather puppet show was conducted. A puppeteer, after all, carries a holy role.
Woman as A Dirty Machine: A Question Of Objectification On E.E. Cummings
Authors: Pratiwi Titis
Published: January 2018

The pervasiveness of female objectification in the treatment of women by men has been called out as a manifestation of gender hierarchy and domination. This research analyzed the figurative languages used in E.E. Cummings’ poem first she like a piece of ill-oiled to identify his treatment of women seen through the illustration of the persona’s actions, thoughts and feelings. Dynamics of the personas’ sexual relationships are then identified to analyze how aspects of objectification appear in the relation between men and women. In order to reinforce the notion of objectification, dehumanization as its extension is utilized as a supporting theory. It is found that practices of female objectification occur in the poem with varying degrees of intensity and ways that it is conducted. However, the objectification is concealed by the poem’s presentation of women as a sexually liberated being, yet in practice, her sexuality is still being objectified. The objectification extends up to the conduct of dehumanization which reduces the women into a dirty mechanical object.
Fekete Gábor, mint mester és kolléga
Authors: Molnár Zsolt , Kun András
Published: January 2018

2016. november 29-én véget ért egy kutatásban, állandó alkotásban eltelt hosszú élet, eltávo­zott közülünk Fekete Gábor Tanár Úr. Mi, akik olyan szerencsések vagyunk, hogy csodála­tos egyéniségét közelről ismerhettük, most összegyűlünk, hogy tanúságot tegyünk Róla, aki­től, és aki által olyan sokat kaphattunk.

Az alábbi megemlékezéseket egykori pályatársak, barátok, közeli és távolabbi tanítványok fogalmazták meg azzal a szándékkal, hogy önmaguk, a közösség és a jövő számára meg­örökít­sék Fekete Gábor Tanár Úr emberi és kutatói nagysá­gát. Be kell valljuk, magunk is meglepőd­tünk, hogy felkérésünkre milyen nagy­számú írás érkezett. Számunkra ez önma­gá­ban is arra utal, hogy Tanár Úr egyéni­ségének varázslatos és egyedi volta nem kizárólag a tanítványokat ragadta meg, hanem mindenkit, akivel együtt dolgozott, aki közelebbről meg­ismerhette.

Arra kérjük mindazokat, akik ismer­ték, szerették és tisztelték Őt, hogy olvas­sák el az alábbi írásokat, hogy közösen emlékezhessünk Tanár Úrra. Azoknak, akik már nem találkozhattak vele, ezekkel a megemlékezésekkel szeretnénk üzenni, hogy élt Magyarországon egy nagy­szerű, csodálatos ember, aki amellett, hogy vege­tációkutatók nemzedékeit nevelte fel, érték­vesztett és relativizáló korunkban is biztos mértéket, erkölcsi és emberi tám­pontot tudott nyújtani, és ily módon több generáció példaképe, vezető és tanító személyisége lett.
Két új adventív faj előfordulása Magyarországon a buzérfélék (Rubiaceae) családjából
Authors: Balogh Lajos , Mesterházy Attila
Published: January 2018

A szerzők két, korábban Magyarországról nem ismert, a Rubiaceae családhoz tartozó faj első adatát közlik. A Délnyugat-Ázsiából származó, dísznövényként Európában szórványosan ülte­tett piros szálkanyak (Phuopsis stylosa) a Vas megyei Csákánydoroszló község közúti árkának degradált mezofil gyepjében telepedett meg. A Mediterráneumban őshonos kőfali galaj (Galium murale) kis állo­mánya a budapesti Keleti pályaudvar egyik használaton kívülimellékvágánya mentén került elő. Előbbi faj feltételezhetően ültetésből vadulhatott ki, míg utóbbi jelenléte a vasúti forgalomnak köszönhető. Mindkét faj egyelőre csak kis egyedszámban van jelen élőhelyén, így inváziós képességük csak több éves megfigyelést követően értékelhető. A fajok beillesztésre kerültek a hazai határozókulcsba.
A Gagea minima és a Dictamnus albus újrafelfedezése a Dél-Tiszántúlon, valamint további florisztikai adatok az Alföldről
Authors: Korda Márton , Schmidt Dávid , Vidéki Róbert , Haszonits Győző , Tiborcz Viktor , Csiszár Ágnes , Zagyvai Gergely , Bartha Dénes
Published: January 2018

A szerzők a 2011 és 2017 közötti időszakban az Alföldről gyűjtött floriszti­kai adataik közül az érdekesebbeket adják közre. A cikkben 49 faj, illetve hibridfaj előfordu­lását, élőhelyi körülmé­nyeit, esetenként a térségből ismert történetét mutatjuk be. További 13 faj esetében – azok természet­védelmi jelentősége miatt – a Magyarország edényes nö­vényfajainak elterjedési atlaszához (Bartha et al. 2015, a továbbiakban: „Flóraatlasz”) meg­jegyzések nélküli kiegészítéseket is közlünk. A tárgyalt adatok többsége a Gyula, Békéscsaba és Doboz térségében elterülő keményfás ligeterdőkből származik, emellett további szór­ványadatokat közlünk az Alföld számos pontjáról. Eredményeink közül legjelentő­sebbek a Dél-Tiszántúlról kipusztultnak vélt Dictamnus albus, illetve az „elfeledett” Gagea minima újra­felfedezése. Emellett több, az Alföld, illetve az adott közép- vagy kistáj flórájára új (pél­dául Draba muralis, Nicandra physalodes, Cystopteris fragilis), illetve regionálisan veszélyez­tetett faj adatát (például Inula helenium, Ophioglossum vulgatum) ismertetjük. Bemutatunk továbbá ritka gyomnövényeket (pél­dául Calepina irregularis, Cardamine impatiens), terjedő­ben lévő adventív fajokat (Chorispora tenella, Euphorbia maculata, Phytolacca americana, Ph. esculenta, Sicyos angulata), illetve az adott térségben feltűnően alultérképezett fajokat (pl.: Loranthus europaeus, Arabis hirsuta, Rumex confertus).
Florisztikai adatok a Tiszántúl középső részéről
Authors: Lukács Balázs András , Gulyás Gergely , Horváth Dénes , Hődör István , Schmotzer András , Sramkó Gábor , Takács Attila , Molnár Attila
Published: January 2018

Cikkünkben összesen 207 taxon 2005 és 2015 között gyűjtött adatát összegezzük, amelyeket a Tiszántúli flórajárás (Crisicum) középső részén gyűjtöttünk. Az adatsorban a flórajárásra nézve számos ritka és veszélyeztetett faj is szerepel (pl. Asplenium trichomanes, Marsilea quadrifolia, Sisymbrium polymorphum, Viola stagnina, Gentiana pneumonanthe, Elymus elongatus, Montia fontana subsp. chondrosperma, Ranunculus rionii, Ranunculus illyricus, Myagrum perfoliatum, Sedum caespitosum, Vicia biennis, Dorycnium herbaceum, Oenanthe banatica, Peucedanum cervaria, Echium italicum, Digitalis lanata, Valerianella rimosa, Carex buekii, Cephalaria transsylvanica, Cyperus pannonicus).
Educação para a Arte na Amazônia: Caminhos como Vias de Escolhas
Authors: Machado Vânia Leal
Published: January 2018

ResumoEste trabalho se propõe a fazer um estudo que envolvem professores e alunos e incitam para a construção de interações entre museus, instituição Cultural e Escola. Investiga a mediação cultural entre arte e público nas suas múltiplas relações integrada aos segmentos do projeto curatorial do Arte Pará. Investiga o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da escola com foco nas práticas de experiências externas como caminhos de construção sobre um discurso de educação para arte na Amazônia.AbstractThis work proposes to make a study involving teachers and students and encourage the construction of interactions between museums, Cultural institution and School. It investigates the cultural mediation between art and the public in its multiple relations integrated into the curatorial project segments of Arte Pará. It investigates the teaching-learning process of the school focusing on the practices of external experiences as construction paths on a discourse of education for art in the Amazon.
O corpo negro, as marcas e o trauma
Authors: Geraldo Sheila Cabo
Published: January 2018

ResumoO discurso pós-colonial, de acordo com as teorias desenvolvidas a partir dos anos 1970, está nas marcas deixadas nas sociedades colonizadas, as quais construíram seus processos de independência e modernidade por cima dessas marcas, na forma da violência. A modernidade é como uma máscara branca sobre a pele negra (Frantz Fanon), que só em casos de embate deixa aflorar, como imagens dialéticas, a permanência das relações escravistas recalcadas. São máscaras, impostas ou autoimpostas, que forçaram o apagamento da memória racial, muitas vezes associada ao gênero. O texto aqui apresentado procura, assim, ativar criticamente algumas imagens produzidas pela artista Rosana Paulino, sobretudo as que desenvolveu para a instalação Assentamento, cujas imagens dos corpos masculinos e femininos escravizados, enquanto imagens de discursos científicos positivistas dos novecentos, são ressignificadas pela artista como imagens-denúncia.AbstractThe postcolonial discourse, according to the theories developed since the 1970s, is on the marks left in the colonized societies, which built their processes of independence and modernity over these marks, in the form of violence. Modernity is like a white mask on the black skin (Frantz Fanon), which only in cases of clash brings out, as dialectical images, the permanence of repressed slave relations. They are masks, imposed or self-imposed, which forced the erasure of racial memory, often associated with gender. The text presented here seeks to critically activate some images produced by the artist Rosana Paulino, especially those developed for the Settlement installation, whose images of male and female enslaved bodies, as images of positivist scientific discourses of the nineteenth century, are restated by the artist as images-complaint.
Responses to Changes in the Downtown Area of a Booming Midwest City
Authors: Bertsch Andy , Saeed M. , Ondracek James
Published: January 2018

Borrowing the “Organizational Change Recipients’ Belief Scale” instrument developed by Armenakis, Bernserth, Pitts, and Walker, employees and owners of businesses in a quickly changing downtown environment were surveyed to assess similarities and differences in their readiness to change. In addition to added demographic variables, the constructs included from the Armenakis et al. Instrument were valence, principal support, efficacy, appropriateness, and discrepancy. Results were mixed. There were no significant differences across industries nor employees vs supervisors/owners. However, significant differences were found across sex, age, and level of education.
Mengkaji Neoliberal Institusionalisme Uni Eropa dalam Problematika Implementasi Kebijakan Migrasi Pada Traktat Lisbon [Assessing the Neoliberal Institutionalism of the European Union through the Problematic Implementation of the Libson Treaty Migration Policy]
Authors: Yusran - , Asnelly Afri , Elistania -
Published: January 2018

As a neoliberal institution, European Union has succeded in integrating. However, after the treaty establishing a constitution for Europe was failed to be ratified, European Union is experiencing setback of legitimacy. European Union later imposed Lisbon Treaty that was arranged right after the failure of constitution treaty. Still, the implementation of Lisbon Treaty triggered some new issues due to its content that is more or less similar to the previous unratified treaty. One of the issues came from the migration policy. The rejection from some of the member countries explained the legitimacy crisis on the institution of European Union. This legitimacy crisis is surely a negative precedent for European Union as a neoliberal institution. As in neoliberal institutionalism, an institution is supposed to be an independent variable when a state decides to cooperate and integrate itself in an institution. This writing is aimed to review the neoliberal institutionalism of European Union in the problems of the migration policy implementation upon Lisbon Treaty.

This research used qualitative method, with neoliberal institutionalism as its core theory. This research found that European Union as an institution lacks of consideration towards the condition of its member states in making regulations. This can be seen on how the migration regulation on Lisbon Treaty still could not be implemented uniformly on all the member states. Besides, the refusal of Estonia, Hungary and Slovakia upon this migration regulation strengthen the crisis of legitimacy in European Union as a neoliberal institutionalism.. The spesific finding upon this migration issues on Lisbon Treaty brought us to a conclusion that the neoliberal institutionalism in European Union needs to be examined due to the decadence of the institution’s legitimacy.