bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ramosetron Versus Ondansetron in Combination With Aprepitant and Dexamethasone for the Prevention of Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Multicenter, Randomized Phase III Trial, KCSG PC10-21
Authors: Kim Hyo Jung , Shin Sang Won , Song Eun-Kee , Lee Na-Ri , Kim Jun Suk , Ahn Jin Seok , Yun Hwan-Jung , Cho Yo-Han , Park Keon Uk , Kim Si-Young , Jang Joung Soon , Kim Sang-We , Lee Hyun Woo , Lee Se Ryeon , Kim Yang Soo , Lee Soon Nam , Ko Yoon Ho , Kim Hwa Jung , Kang Jin-Hyoung
Published: October 2015

Background.

A combination of serotonin receptor (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor type 3) antagonists, NK-1 receptor antagonist, and steroid improves the complete response (CR) of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in cancer patients. Ramosetron's efficacy in this triple combination regimen has not been investigated. This prospective, multicenter, single-blind, randomized, phase III study compares a combination of ramosetron, aprepitant, and dexamethasone (RAD) with a combination of ondansetron, aprepitant, and dexamethasone (OAD) to prove the noninferiority of RAD in controlling highly emetogenic CINV.

Methods.

Aprepitant and dexamethasone were orally administered for both arms. Ramosetron and ondansetron were intravenously given to the RAD and OAD groups. The primary endpoint was no vomiting and retching and no need for rescue medication during the acute period (day 1); the noninferiority margin was −15%.

Results.

A total of 299 modified intention-to-treat cancer patients who received RAD (144 patients) and OAD (155 patients) were eligible for the efficacy analysis. The CR rates of RAD versus OAD were 97.2% versus 93.6% during the acute period, 77.8% versus 73.6% during the delayed period (day 2–5), and 77.1% versus 71.6% during the overall period. Furthermore, RAD was noninferior to OAD in subgroups stratified by age, cancer type, chemotherapeutic agents, and schedule. Repeated measures analysis showed that in male patients, RAD was superior to OAD. Profiles of adverse events were similar in both groups.

Conclusion.

RAD is as effective and tolerable as OAD for CINV prevention in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Ramosetron could be considered one of the best partners for aprepitant.
Genomic Profiling in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Are We Ready To Use These Data to Make Treatment Decisions?
Authors: Goldberg Richard M.
Published: October 2015

Remarkable strides have been made in the past 10–15 years in identifying the molecular events that drive cancer. With an enormous amount of new data, including those from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project, therapies are increasingly being developed and tested in clinical trials specifically designed to target some of these molecular events. Often, molecular signatures have become more important than the histologic features in making treatment choices. The success rate of these therapies depends on many factors but, perhaps most importantly, on patient selection according to the genetic analysis results of their individual tumors.
Demand Shock, Liquidity Management, and Firm Growth during the Financial Crisis
Authors: Yook Youngsuk , Maksimovic Vojislav , Tham Mandy
Published: October 2015

We examine the transmission of liquidity across the supply chain during the 2007-09 financial crisis, a period of financial market illiquidity, for a sample of unrated public firms with differential demand shocks. We measure differential demand by comparing firms that primarily supply to government customers with those that primarily supply to corporate customers. A difference-in-difference analysis shows little evidence that relatively high demand firms provide more or less liquidity to their own suppliers. The main determinant of the usage of short-term financing is a product market shock. Firms with relatively high demand have higher raw-material inventory and use more trade credit. There is little evidence that the amount of credit usage per unit of raw-material inventory changes with firms' demand shocks. These outcomes are consistent with theories of trade credit that stress the use of trade credit in financing inputs rather than providing efficient monitoring of creditors by suppliers. The lack of liquidity provision to suppliers by high demand firms is likely due to the high opportunity costs they face: We show that such firms become more investment-constrained over the crisis and engage in more acquisition activities once the liquidity crunch dissipates.
Macroeconomic News Announcements, Systemic Risk, Financial Market Volatility and Jumps
Authors: Huang Xin
Published: October 2015

This paper studies financial market volatility and jump responses to macroeconomic news announcements. Based on two decades of high-frequency data, we finds that there are significantly more jumps on news days than on no-news days, with the bond market being more responsive than the equity market, and nonfarm payroll employment being the most influential news. Both the first moment of news surprises and the second moments of disagreement and uncertainty affect financial market responses, with their impact significance changing over different market and response types. Market responses to news vary with economic situations, financial systemic risk and the zero-lower-bound policy.
Experience in the Development and Testing of the New Module Basic Professional Research Master's Program “Cultural-Historical Psychology and Activity Approach in Education”
Authors: Rubtsov V.V. , Guruzhapov V.A. , Makarovskaya Z.V. , Maximov L.K.
Published: October 2015

We presented experience in the development and preliminary results of the testing of the new modules of basic professional research master’s program “Cultural-Historical Psychology and Activity Approach in Education”. We discuss the guidelines for the development of such a program, based on the principles of scholar school of Vygotsky, Leontiev, and Luria. There are evidence of the effectiveness of the new program for the training of teachers and researchers who can professionally solve the problems of modern education and apply the concepts and methods of cultural-historical psychology and activity approach to address training and development of children. We have reviewed the organization of training of master students based on network of partner universities using the opportunity of networking with educational institutions at various levels, the need to expand net of places for practical training and increase the research and practice for students. Particular attention is paid to the new methods of evaluation of students’ educational outcomes using through design and research tasks, professional ability of a student to investigate the issues of organization and development of training activities as well as professional communication between student, his/her research advisor and the head of the practical training. We have discussed the discourse workshop which is a new form of teaching and research sessions, which extends the system of professional communications of the students and allows to aim them at finding and solving research problems.
Psycho-pedagogical Research of Inclusive Education in the Undergraduates Training
Authors: Alekhina S.V.
Published: October 2015

The author examines the cultural and historical psychology as a methodological basis of research in the inclusive process of education. The article presents the current trends in research of inclusive education such as the design of organizational and psychological and pedagogical conditions for reinforcing the cultural norms of inclusion in the school: individual development in inclusive education; designing an inclusive educational environment. The article describes the logic of the research master students training. The author suggests for discussion some variants of design and research tasks in order to form the necessary research and development competencies of master students. The author is convinced that the quality of an inclusive process in basic education linked to the development of inclusive practice based on scientific research. Cultural-historical framework and its main idea becomes the methodological basis of psychological research as it claims a leading role of social environment in the development and educating of children.
V.V. Davydov – the founder of significant scientific school and director of the Psychological Institute
Authors: Rubtsov V.V.
Published: October 2015

The article presents the stages of biography of the famous Russian psychologist Davydov, who was a brilliant leader of a large scientific group, director of the Psychological Institute of the RAE. The content of the work of Davydov’s scientific schools is based upon the three proverbial whales that define its theoretical, methodological and didactical boundaries: the theory of content generalization and con cept formation, psychological theory of learning activity and the system of developmental teaching. The article also outlines the results of researches conducted by V.V. Davydov’s scientific group. It is demon strated that for evaluating the effectivity of learning activity, the systems of assessment of theoretical thinking and its components (such as analysis, reflection, planning, systemic characteristics of thinking) were elaborated for different object matter. Also the scientific group elaborated the criteria for assessing the levels of learning activity development, as a whole as well as its separate components. The scientific school of V.V. Davydov is a living and evolving organism. The disciples and followers of Davydov conduct empirical research that bring his ideas to life. The article analyzes the philosophical, methodological and psychological foundations of Davydov’s scientific school. The content of Davydov’s debates with Vygotsky concerning the mechanisms of theo retical generalization is outlined. Davydov’s point of view is illustrated by large empirical evidence.
Influence of the Surface Properties of the Bois Carré Seeds Activated Carbon for the Removal of Lead From Aqueous Ssolutions
Authors: Largitte L. , Gervelas S. , Tant T. , Couespel Dumesnil P. , Lodewyckx P.
Published: October 2015

An activated carbon from Bois carré (Citharexylum Fruticosum L.) seeds was prepared by chemical activation with phosphoric acid. The activated carbon obtained has a surface area of 594 m2/g and a high content of acid groups of 3.44 mmol.g-1. This carbon was studied for the removal of lead from water. Sorption studies were performed at 30 °C at different pH and adsorbent doses, in batch mode. Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 7 for an adsorbent dose of 1g/L. Kinetic studies, at the initial concentration of 150 mg/L of lead, pH 5 and an adsorbent dose of 1 g/L, yielded an equilibrium time of 30 h for this activated carbon. The kinetic data were modelled with the pseudo first order, the pseudo second order and the Bangham models. The pseudo second order model fitted the data well. The sorption rate constant (2.10-3 mol-1.Kg.s-1) and the maximum amount of lead adsorbed are quite good (0.18 mol.kg-1) compared to the data found in literature. Sorption equilibrium studies were conducted in a concentration range of lead from 0 to 150 mg/L, at pH 5, adsorbent dose 1 g/L. In an aqueous lead solution with an initial concentration of 30 mg/L, activated Bois carré seed carbon removed (at equilibrium) 48% of the heavy metal. The equilibrium data were modelled with the Langmuir and Freundlich equations, of which the latter gave the best fit. The Freundlich constants n (3.76 L.mol-1) and Kf (1.06 mol.kg-1) are in good agreement with literature. The Bois carré seed activated carbon is a very efficient carbon in terms of the metal amount adsorbed per unit of surface area (0. 06 m2/g). This good result is due to the presence of many active acid sites on the surface of this activated carbon.
Benzene Alkylation by Ethanol over Catalysts on the Base of Modified Natural Zeolites
Authors: Massenova A.Т. , Zhaxibayeva А.М. , Zhumakanova А.S. , Yeligbayeva G.Zh. , Rafikova Kh.
Published: October 2015

Alkylation of aromatic compounds with ethanol was researched on modified natural zeolites of Kazakhstan deposits. These natural zeolites were identified as Clinoptilolite-Heulandite type. Zeolites were treated by hydrochloric acid, which leads to removal of some of the cations and to dealumination. They were modified by metals of II-III groups and mixed with synthetic zeolites Y and ZSM-5. The catalysts were characterized by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, BET and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia. It is shown that natural zeolites, treated by acids and modified by metals, as well as synthetic zeolites can be used as catalysts for process of alkylation of benzene by ethanol. They demonstrate high activity and 71% selectivity in synthesis of ethylbenzene.
Water Ozonation with Copper Catalyst for Organic Pollutants Removal
Authors: Shabalina A.V. , Mokrousov G.M. , Fakhrutdinova E.D. , Izaak T.I. , Wu J.J.
Published: October 2015

This work presents high-porous honeycomb copper catalyst for organic pollutants removal from water during the ozonation process. This catalyst demonstrates high efficiency in removing target compounds (oxalic and benzoic acids and methylene blue), appropriate stability and resistance to abrasion. Copper catalyst behavior in the ozonation process was investigated. It was found that under ozonation conditions reversible  oxidation/reduction of the copper surface layer takes place. In contact with ozone, copper surface can easily be oxidized resulting in formation of copper oxides. As expected, it leads to decomposition of organic substances during ozonation and reduction of copper catalyst surface layer. Copper (II) oxide was also found to be an active catalyst in oxidation of organic pollutants with ozone, but it is not appropriate to use bulk CuO because of its low abrasion resistance. Copper (II) ions that form due to dissolution of catalyst surface layer with participation of the acidic medium in the ozonation process were detected. Pollutants removal efficiency at different pH values was also studied. It was found that catalytic removal of organic pollutants takes place at low pH, as compared to low efficiency of hydroxyl-radical formation at the acidic pH. A possible scheme for organic pollutants removal during ozonation with copper catalyst was proposed.
Possibility of Using Modified Polyamide Membranes for Virus Concentration for the Purposes of Sanitary-Virological Analysis of Water
Authors: Fedotov Yu.A. , Tarasov A.V. , Rakhmanin Yu.A. , Nedachin A.E. , Lepeshin S.A. , Fedotova A.I. , Panov Yu.T.
Published: October 2015

The results of investigations of modified polyamide microfiltration membranes application in the concentration of viruses and bacteriophages during sanitary virological monitoring of water bodies are presented in this paper. The analysis of developments in the control of viral contamination of different origins water bodies is given. Viruses presented in the water in small amounts can cause disease. It is shown that an important step is viral concentration from large amounts of water for its identification. The possibility of positively charged microfiltration membranes application in the concentration of viruses is established. A method of polyamide microfiltration membranes modification for increasing the positive charge on their surface is developed. To estimate the retention capacity of membranes the methods of measuring the sorption properties of the membranes using the model dye bromophenyl blue is developed. A membrane filter module with tangentially-radial mode of fluid movement was used. Studies carried out in specialized organizations revealed that the efficiency of bacteriophage MS-2 sorption on the modified polyamide membrane at different loads was 100%. It was found that the use of membrane filtration module not only improves the detention of microorganisms, but also allows improving the elution stage. The laboratory results were confirmed by tests using natural waters.
Specific Adsorption of Aspartic Acid on Iron (III) and Nickel (II) Oxides
Authors: Dmitrieva I.B. , Chukhno A.S. , Rodionova E.Y. , Novichkov R.V.
Published: October 2015

The dependences of zeta – potential and adsorption of aspartic acid on NiO and Fe2O3 oxideswere investigated as a function of aspartic acid concentration, pH and adsorption time using microelectrophoresis and potentiometric titration methods. Shifting of pHIEP (the isoelectric point or IEP) towards the acid zone for Fe2O3 and towards the base zone for NiO in the solutions of aspartic acid in comparison with HCl shows the presence of specific adsorption of aspartic acid anion and cation forms on the surfaces of Fe2O3 and NiO oxides, respectively. The complexation process of Fe(III) ions with aspartic acid in the bulk solution and on the oxide surface was examined by spectrophotometer. It was determined that Fe(III) ions form complexes with aspartic acid in the bulk solution.
Deactivation and Regeneration of Mo/ZSM-5 Catalysts for Methane Dehydroaromatization
Authors: Matus E.V. , Sukhova O.B. , Ismagilov I.Z. , Zaikovskii V.I. , Kerzhentsev M.A. , Ismagilov Z.R. , Dosumov K.D. , Mustafin A.G.
Published: October 2015

The methane dehydroaromatization (DHA) was studied over a series of impregnated Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts with different molybdenum contents (1-10 wt.%). It was shown that total methane conversion was decreased by 30% during 12 h of DHA reaction. The benzene formation rate was increased from 0.5 to 13.9 mol C6H6/(gMo·s) when the molybdenum content in the catalyst was lowered from 10 to 1 wt.%. The deactivated Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts were studied by a group of methods: N2 adsorption, XRD, TGDTA, HRTEM and XPS. The content and condensation degree (C/H ratio) of the carbonaceous deposits was found to increase with an increase of either of the following parameters: molybdenum content (1-10 wt.%), reaction temperature (720-780 °C), space velocity (405-1620 h-1), reaction time (0.5-20 h). The stability of Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts in reaction-regeneration cycles was better when the time on stream was shorter. The regeneration conditions of deactivated Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts providing their stable operation under multiple reaction-regeneration cycles have been selected.
Investigating the Unexpected Behavior for the Release Kinetics of Brilliant Blue Encapsulated into Calcium Alginate Beads
Authors: Elnashar Magdy M. , Yassin Mohamed A. , Abdel Moneim Abou El-Fetouh , Abdel Bary Elsayed M.
Published: October 2015

This work is focused on investigating the unexpected behavior for the release kinetics of brilliant blue (BB) encapsulated into calcium alginate beads. By increasing the alginate concentration from 1-3% (w/v), the release of BB over time was found to follow two different behaviors. For the first two hours, the order was 1% > 2% > 3%, after which it was as follow: 1% > 3% > 2%. The unanticipated increase in BB release using 3% (w/v) alginate beads after two hours over that of 2% (w/v) alginate was examined by the swelling and bursting tests. The results were showing clear evidences by data and image the unusual behavior of 3% (w/v) alginate beads at two hours of swelling. This unexpected behavior for the 3% (w/v) alginate beads might be due to the higher osmotic pressure inside the beads. Overall, 2% (w/v) calcium alginate beads were considered to be the optimum formulation showing an excellent carrier for targeting drugs to the intestine, where the swelling of the beads were 60 % in the acidic medium, it was 5000 % in the alkaline medium.
Nanodispersed Ni-catalysts with Additives in Partial Oxidation of Methane
Authors: Zakarina N.A. , Akulova G.V. , Arinkin Ju.M.
Published: October 2015

Catalytic activity of Ni-Zn-surface-skeletal catalysts modi ed by Rh, Au, Ti, Mo and W in the reaction of methane partial oxidation has been studied. In uence of catalysts of conditions preparation on its catalytic activity was researched. It was shown that introduction of additives in Ni-Zn catalysts promote to increasing of activity in the process of methane partial oxidation to synthesis-gas and thermostability of skeletal Nicatalysts thanks to the change of its faseous composition and the predominance of reduced form of Ni in catalysts structure.
New Technologies in Manufacture of Original Medical Preparations
Authors: Tolokonnikov Ye.G.
Published: October 2015

The progressive, ecologically pure technologies of isolation of sesquiterpene -lactones of plant origin were examined in this article. The original phytopreparations were developed on their basis. The pharmacoeconomic characteristics of the obtaining of substances of phytopreparations with application of supercritical CO2-extraction and method of preparative centrifugal partition chromatography in comparison with the classical methods of extraction and column chromatography were presented.
Synthesis, Structural Study and Thermal Expansion of Cesium Dititanium Tris(Phosphate)
Authors: Asabina E.A. , Pet'kov V.I.
Published: October 2015

The new phosphate CsTi2(PO4)3 was synthesized by precipitating method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray microanalyzer, X-ray powder diffraction and IR-spectroscopy. The structure refinement of the phosphate was carried out by a Rietveld analysis. CsTi2(PO4)3 crystallizes with the cubic system (space group Ia3d), its unit-cell parameters: a = 19.909(5) Å, V = 7892(1) Å3. It has the framework structure formed by TiO6 octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra, the two type positions of Cs+ cations are in the cavities of the structure. CsTi2(PO4)3 structure features are discussed. The results of the undertaken study showed that cesium dititanium tris(phosphate) crystal structure differs from its isoformulic analogues CsZr2(PO4)3 and AM2(PO4)3 (A = Na, K, Rb; M = Ti, Zr), crystallizing in the trigonal system (space group R c) with the kosnarite type. Thermal expansion of the CsTi2(PO4)3 was studied: αa = 7.85∙10-6 °C-1, αV = 23.5∙10-6 °C-1 in the range 25–800 °C.
Synthesis and Hydrothermal Study of (Na,K)M2(PO4)3 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) Solid Solutions
Authors: Asabina E.A. , Pet'kov V.I. , Kovalsky A.M. , Kotelnikov A.R.
Published: October 2015

(Na,K)M2(PO4)3 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) continuous solid solutions were synthesized by sol-gel and solidstate methods. Cation-exchange reactions in the NaM2(PO4)3–KM2(PO4)3–NaCl–KCl–H2O systems were
studied at T = 723 – 973 K and p = 100 – 200 MPa. The concentration dependences of unit cell parameters of the studied phosphates were found. The sodium/potassium distribution coefficients in the phosphate-fluid systems were functions of the solid solution compositions, that is, the systems behave nonideally. The excess volumes and excess Gibbs functions of solid solutions mixing were fitted to thirdorder polynomials and described in terms of the Margules model. From the comparison of the results obtained Ti-, Zr-, and Hf-systems, we made the conclusion that the titanium phosphates show greater
nonideality than zirconium and hafnium phosphates and lower thermodynamic stability to decomposition to double phosphates at high pressures and temperatures.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials in Flames
Authors: Mansurov Z.A.
Published: October 2015

Usage of combustion processes for production of target products is less common than the application of catalytic processes. However, there are known examples of production of carbon black, HCl, TiO2 etc. Some research work was done at the Institute of Combustion Problems (Almaty, Kazakhstan) consider the synthesis in flame of carbon nanomaterials: fullerenes, nanotubes and soot nanobeads with superhydrophobic surface. An alternative of fullerenes and nanotubes synthesis in arc discharge of graphite is the method using stationary hydrocarbon flames. Flame is a self-sustaining system in which the hydrocarbons can be precursors of carbon nanomaterials, and the heat released during combustion, is a parameters of the process control. It is known that PAH are nucleation centers of forming soot i.e. PAH can be converted into either soot or fullerenes. The formation of CNTs occurs in diffusion flames from the fuel side and is initiated by transition metals particles. The paper presents data on the formation of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes as well as soot with the superhydrophobic surface, obtained on nickel and silicon supports in benzene-oxygen and propane-oxygen diffusion flames. New results regarding the synthesis of superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle 135-175° have great practical interest as anti-corrosion additives to various materials.
Formation of Silicon Carbide Whiskers from Organic Precursors Via Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Manocha S. , Darji Ankur , Manocha L.M.
Published: October 2015

Silicon Carbide (SiC) was synthesized by carbothermal reduction of silica precursor and carbon precursor. The silica precursor was obtained from tetraethoxysilane. Sucrose was used as carbon source. Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) was hydrolyzed in acidic water (pH= 2). The molar ratio of TEOS-H2O-EtOH was taken as 1:8:2 in the sol-gel processing. Hydrolysed silica sol was polymerized with sucrose to incorporate carbon precursor into the silica network. The gel thus obtained was dried in an oven at 70 °C and at 100 °C. The solid mass obtained on drying was heat treated at 1000 °C in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the black glass. It was characterized by FTIR, SEM and TGA. The black glass was further heated to 1500 °C in argon to yield silicon carbide. This resulted in formation of β-SiC whiskers.
BARRIERS AFFECTING AGRICULTURAL STUDENTS' ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: BAKSHI Azadeh , CHIZARI Mohammad , YAGHOBI Jafar
Published: October 2015

This research aims to assess the barriers in promoting entrepreneurial inspirit. The population consisted of 359 former students (N=359). Via Cochran formula, samples were selected using a stratified random sampling method (n=103). To collect data, a structured questionnaire was used. Validity of instrument was established using a panel of expert. A pilot test was conducted to determine the questionnaire's reliability (Cronbach's alpha=0.91).Factor analysis results showed that nine factors namely: governmental and logical, technical, educational, social and economic accounted for 81% of variance of barriers in promoting entrepreneurial inspirit. The main outcome of the analysis is the identification of barriers that are currently blocking promoting entrepreneurial culture. This research provides interesting insights into the entrepreneurship barriers faced by graduate students from a developing nation where such research is lacking.
TECHNICAL ADVISORY SERVICES IN GHANA
Authors: DAYIE Mavis , BEMILE Esther Nuonibe
Published: October 2015

Public extension systems worldwide have been accused of being deficient in management and inefficient in technical advisory service delivery. This is even more in developing countries where fiscal budgetary and human resource allocations are low. This study assessed the current status of technical advisory services delivered to farmers by public sector agricultural extension agents. Survey data revealed that 95% of those with contacts with extension agents rated public extension as the most important source of information. Results revealed that farmers are mostly dissatisfied with some technical advisory packages which points to the need for improvement in these services by the Agricultural Ministry.
INFORMATION SOURCES USED AND EXTENSION METHODS PREFERRED BY DAIRY FARMERS
Authors: BOZ Ismet , BUDAK Dilek Bostan
Published: October 2015

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the information sources used and the extension methods preferred by dairy farmers operating in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of Turkey. A stratified random sample of 160 dairy farmers based on the number of dairy caws was selected from the region. Results show that as the number of dairy caws owned by farmers goes up, they tend to acquire less information from traditional sources such as family members and other farmers, and acquire more information from extension service and private veterinarians. Large farmers are more likely to adopt technology and to sustain in the changing production and marketing conditions, whereas small ones will require alternative policies to be viable.
HOW TO IMPROVE THE SUSTAINABILITY OF APPROACHES FOR MANAGEMENT ADVICE FOR FAMILYFARMS IN AFRICA? TOWARDS ARESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTAGENDA
Authors: FAURE Guy , TOILLIER Aurélie , LEGILE Anne , MOUMOUNI Ismail , PELON Vital , GOUTON Pascal , GANSONRE Marc
Published: October 2015

A plurality of forms of advisory services provided by a variety of actors has recently grown in Francophone Africa. In this context experiments in MAFF (Management Advice for Family Farms) conducted in many Francophone African countries have sought to promote advice to farmers based on learning methods by using farm management tools. Questions now arise on the scaling up of these experiences and their institutional and financial sustainability. In order to draw out lessons from past, stakeholders from various countries were asked to carry out a reflexive and collective assessment of their MAFF mechanism, regarding governance, funding, methods and capacity building issues. The results have been shared during a workshop held in 2012 in Benin. The results show diversity in governance mechanisms of MAFF. Most often, POs (Producers Organization) play a central role in the implementation of advisory services. Financial contributions from farmers and their POs are still low but promising funding possibilities do exist. Many difficulties are due to a lack of well trained advisors related to poor national specific training programs for advisers. Farmer extension workers appear as a key issue for scaling-up advisory services. However innovation in advising methods and knowledge production about MAFF impacts are required.
ADOPTION OF INORGANIC INSECTICIDES AND RESISTANT VARIETIES AMONG COWPEA PRODUCERS IN MUBI ZONE, NIGERIA
Authors: SABO Elizabeth , SANI R. M. , BASHIR R. M. , ADENIJI O. T.
Published: October 2015

Cowpea production is presently mainly managed with inorganic insecticides, but the growing environmental problems linked with their use and the rising costs of the chemicals are stimulating all categories of stakeholders towards the adoption of less impacting practices. 611 respondents were interviewed between 2008 and 2009. Respondents are young adult and fairly educated. Awareness is high about insecticide use, but it is low for biopesticides and resistant varieties,. Adoption of inorganic insecticides is related to age, educational level, and contacts with dealers. Low adoption rate for resistant varieties is associated with inadequate information and poor extension service. To adopt IPM techniques with limited health hazards and compatible with the environment, a properly designed extension program is consequently needed.
GENDER AND RURAL HOUSEHOLD ROLES: IMPLICATIONS FOR EXTENSION SERVICES
Authors: NLERUM Franklin E.
Published: October 2015

The study is on gender and rural household roles. It was carried out in Akuku-Toru Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. An interview schedule administered by random sampling to 60 men and 60 women to have a sample size of 120 respondents was used for data collection. Data analyses were achieved with frequency, percentage and t-test. Out of the 21 household tasks analyzed, men perform them more than women in 12 cases. The test of hypothesis shows no significant difference between the roles of men and women. The role most frequently performed by men is the participation in fishing activities with 96.7%, while household marketing with 100% is the task most performed by women. The highest constraint to the roles attained by men is the poor access to extension service with 41.7%, whereas 93.3% of women suffer from the lack of control over their personal finances. Men should be giving more access to extension service, while women should be allowed the liberty to control their personal finances.
IDEAL PROFILE OF THE CONTEMPORARY EXTENSIONIST AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE QUALITIES OF THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION
Authors: VARELA Héctor Gabriel
Published: October 2015

This study is focused on the analysis of the professional qualities that characterize the so-called millennials or “Y” Generation and how they compare to the competencies demanded from extension agents according to the contemporary paradigm that is currently applied at the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) in Argentina. It is well documented that during the period of emergence of millenials, many of the factors that impact on personality development were totally opposed to those experienced by the previous generations, and have thus shaped their particular idiosyncrasy. Also, the qualities required to be a successful extensionist in the current paradigm have been clearly identified. The coexistence of diverse age groups within extension teams requires creating specific tools to achieve a better leverage of the various capacities, supplementing each other, profiting from the assets that characterize each generation and thus boosting their strengths. This essay is based on case studies and the author's work experience as well as on the analysis of publications about the topics at issue.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS IN DELTASTATE, NIGERIA
Authors: AGBAMU Joseph U. , EDONO David O.
Published: October 2015

This study has assessed the effectiveness of agricultural extension workers through the use of six indicators. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 180 farmers and 60 extension workers from 12 Local Government Areas of Delta State. Interview schedule and questionnaire were used to collect data from respondents. On average, farmers have 7 – 12 contacts per year with agricultural extension workers. Age, extent of contact with extension workers, and education level make a significant contribution to farmers' perception on the quality of agricultural extension workers. This study found no significant relationship between adoption level and extent of contact with extension workers. Agricultural message situation is good in terms of purpose, content and treatment but the provision of logistics for field work of extension workers is not sufficient. The study reveals that agricultural extension service in Delta State is not effective. There is no significant difference in the agricultural extension workers' effectiveness in the three agricultural zones of Delta State. For a better coverage of extension cells, more extension workers should be recruited. The Delta State Government should exhibit renewed vigor in properly funding the public agricultural extension service to ensure improved effectiveness.
Treatment of schistosomiasis by seeds of lagenaria siceraria and its comparison with allopathic drugs in Buffaloes
Authors: Niaz1 Sadaf , Akhter2 Tanveer , AbdEl-Salam3 Naser M. , Ayaz4 Sultan , Shams1 Sumaira , Ullah Riaz , Hussain5 Hidayat , Wasim6 M. A.
Published: October 2015

A number of antihelmintic drugs are reported for treatment of bovine schistosomiasis. Side effects observed for most of these drugs. The seeds of Lagenaria siceraria were utilized as an alternative for the treatment of Schistosomiasis in buffaloes. It is divided in three groups Group A1 to group A3. A dose of 75, 150 and 225 mg/kg of body weight are given to Group A1 to group A3 respectively. Their effectiveness was weighed against that of Praziquantel at dose intensity of ten mg per Kg of body weight placed as group-B. Effectiveness of “Praziquantel” was found to be hundred per cent after initial dose level. Second dose of the herbal medicines reach up to this mark. The percentage of effectiveness of “Proziquantel” compared with 75mg/kg dose level showed a considerable difference (P less than 0.01) While other two dose level i.e. “150 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg” did not show any important variation of post treatment. Besides at post cured an important (P less than 0.001) boost in production of milk “74.58% and 126%” were recorded in sub “group-A3” and “group-B” respectively. Significant increase was noted in feed intake.
THE DESIGN OF MOSQUES AS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CENTERS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE SUNNA AND WRIGHT’S ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Nangkula Utaberta Mohamad Tajuddin Mohamad Rasdi,
Published: October 2015

The main purpose of this paper is to present an alternative approach to mosque design with particular reference to the context of Malaysia and the Malay World or the Nusantara. The paper contains four main parts. The first part examines the problem of mosque architectural interpretation from the perspective of Western architectural historiography. The main problems highlighted are those which pertain to the idea of ‘architecture’, ‘religious architecture’, relevance of the body of knowledge known as the ‘Hadith’ and lastly the specific historical-political agenda of some traditional mosques. The second part of the paper expounds briefly a reinterpretation of the hadith in arguing that the mosque approaches more as a community development complex than that as a mere house of rituals. The third part of the paper examines Wright’s Organic Architecture with specific reference to the design of the Unity Church and a few other buildings as containing some important lessons of mosque designs from the perspective of the Sunnah. The final part of the paper uses the principles discussed to criticize the Putra Mosque and the Masjid Negara.

 
EVALUASI TERHADAP ASPEK KEBERSIHAN DAN KESUCIAN DALAM PERANCANGAN ARSITEKTUR MASJID
Authors: Bahar Moh. Arsyad
Published: October 2015

Cleanliness and purity are two of primary things in Islam. Moslems are supposed to maintain their cleanliness and purity in every aspect of their lives. In mosques, cleanliness of place is one of the most important aspects to be concerned because it is closely related to worship activities. However, mosques architecture these days are more concern about the aesthetical aspect rather than the cleanliness aspect. In this paper, an evaluation for the islamic cleanliness (thaharah) aspect has been explained for some great mosques, i.e. Jami’ Mosque Malang, an-Nur Mosque Pare Kediri, and A.R. Fachruddin Mosque Muhammadiyah University of Malang. In these great mosques, the cleanliness and the purity problems often appear because of the failure in design, such as the position and the design of toilet, the thaharah system, the visitors’ circulation, the building maintenance, etc. Because of these problems, a design guideline which has a priority in the aspect of cleanliness that can be applied in other mosques’ architectural design is also described in this paper.

Keywords:  thaharah, mosque architecture, cleanliness
ARCHITECTURE IN THE ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION: MUSLIM BUILDING OR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Yassin Ayat Ali , Utaberta Dr. Nangkula
Published: October 2015

The main problem of the theory in the arena of islamic architecture is affected by some of its Western
thoughts, and stereotyping the islamic architecture according to Western thoughts; this leads to the breakdown
of the foundations in the islamic architecture. It is a myth that islamic architecture is subjected to the
influence from foreign architectures. This paper will highlight the dialectical concept of islamic architecture or
muslim buildings and the areas of recognition in islamic architecture. It will also widen the knowledge in the
characteristics of each point in time according to the stages of islamic architecture from the prophetic age
moving through the architecture outside the city of Medina, the Caliphs, the Umayyad, Abbasid, and
architectural models by spatial and time periods, taking Iraq as the example to explain how the Islam influents
on architecture and vice versa.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI SMART BUILDING PADA PERANCANGAN SMART MASJID
Authors: Mannan Khalid Abdul , Muchlis Aulia Fikriarini
Published: October 2015

Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world, followed by a large number of mosques scattered in
various places and these mosques sometimes have a problem regarding the efficiency in managing the
resources of a mosque. This paper is designed to introduce the concept of mosque design based on the
principles of smart building with the literature study methods and analysis, and comparison to the values in the
philosophy of the Qur'an to determine the suitability of the application of smart building technology in the
design of a mosque. With the support of some religious activities program, the expected result is "smart
mosque", that would also suit with  the site and user.
SYNCRETIC ARCHITECTURE OF FATEHPUR SIKRI: A SYMBOL OF COMPOSITE CULTURE
Authors: Ali Asif
Published: October 2015

Abstract

The amalgamation of native Indians and Muslim immigrants eventuated in a prolific way in the realm of literature, art, music, technology and especially in architecture, which reached at its zenith during Mughal period. Akbar, the great Mughal, is greatly recognized for his syncretism and religious tolerance. With the power of his influential personality and eclectic approach, he unified the various artistic traditions and architectural styles in the design of his new capital city, Fatehpur Sikri. Although, the architectural forms and construction techniques involved in the design of city had already been incorporated since the arrival of Islam in Indian subcontinent, but their synthesis reached at its zenith at Fatehpur Sikri and thus traditionally rich and fanciful indian style was merged with the lightness and simplicity of Islamic style. This paper will focus on the unique intermingling of two entirely different styles like their cultures which were born in different regions and with different approaches.  This fusion developed a new style in architecture besides several other aspects of life in India.

Keywords:  Fatehpur Sikri, Mughal Architecture, Composite Culture, Akbar

 

 

Abstrak

Penggabungan India kuno dan imigran muslim menghasilkan banyak literatur, seni, musik, teknologi, dan terutama arsitektur yang mencapai puncaknya selama periode Mughal. Akbar, Mughal yang besar, diakui untuk sinkretisma dan toleransi beragama. Dengan kekuatan pengaruh kepribadiannya dan pendekatan eklektik, dia menyatukan tradisi seni yang bervariasi dan gaya arsitektural pada desain ibukota yang baru, Fatehpur Sikri. Meskipun  bentuk  arsitektural  dan  teknik  konstruksi  terlibat  dalam  desain  kota  sudah  tergabung  sejak kedatangan Islam di India, tapi perpaduannya mencapai puncaknya pada Fatehpur Sikri, jadi gaya India yang fantastis dan kaya secara tradisional digabung dengan kesederhanaan gaya Islam. Artikel ini akan fokus pada pembauran yang unik pada dua gaya yang berbeda seperti budaya yang lahir pada daerah yang berbeda dengan pendekatan yang berbeda. Peleburan ini mengembangkan gaya baru dalam arsitektur di samping beberapa aspek kehidupan yang lain di India.

 
 Kata kunci: Fatehpur Sikri, Arsitektur Mughal, Budaya Komposit, Akbar
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER (BETWEEN LEGITIMACY AND DISPARITY)
Authors: Ahmed Ehab Nasr Elden Mohamed
Published: October 2015

Despite the cultural background similarity of Arab Islamic architects’ seniors and pioneers, and the existence of
constants representing legitimacy, the final architectural product varies depending on the individual creativity
in relating the architectural elements, either elements that pertain to the identity representation of the
inherited architecture or elements pertain to the identity representation of the Arab Islamic contemporary
architecture product. That created a specific style for each architect according to the degree of their
conclusions, investigation’s strategy of traditional roots in their products and works, which are often
associated with certain values and the ambit of their interest to represent the identity of contemporary Arab
Islamic architecture. In addition to the existence of two main strong motives, the need for affiliation and the
need for distinguishing oneself and diversity, in parallel with the presence of the methodological pluralism for
every Muslim architect.
UNIVERSITY LIFE AND AUSTRALIAN HOMES: THREE CASE STUDIES OF INTERNATIONAL MUSLIM STUDENTS IN BRISBANE
Authors: Othman Zulkeplee
Published: October 2015

Despite a significant increase in enrolments of postgraduate international Muslim students within Australian universities, little is known about their perceptions of life within Australian homes while undertaking their studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the ways in which students’ cultural and religious traditions affect their use of domestic spaces within the homes in which they reside. The research found that participants faced some minor difficulties in achieving privacy, maintaining modesty and extending hospitality while able to perform their daily activities in Australian designed homes. The findings suggest that greater research attention needs to be given to the development of Australian home designs that are adaptable to the needs of a multicultural society. Australian society encompasses diverse cultural customs and requirements with respect to home design, and these are yet to be explored.
AUTHENTICITY, IDENTITY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN POST-WAR IRAQ: Reshaping the Urban Form of Erbil City
Authors: Ibrahim Rebwar , Mushatat Sabah , Abdelmonem Mohamed Gamal
Published: October 2015

Issues of authenticity and identity are particularly significant in cities where social and cultural change is shaping active transformation of its urban fabric and structure in the post-war condition. In search of sustainable future, Iraqi cities are stretched between the two ends of the spectrum, authentic quarters with its traditional fabric and modern districts with their global sense of living. This paper interrogates the reciprocal influences and distinct qualities and sustainable performance of both authentic and modern quarters of Erbil, the capital of the Iraqi province of Kurdistan, as factors in shaping sustainable urban forms for Iraqi cities. In doing so, the paper, firstly, seeks to highlight the urban identity as an effective factor in relation to sustainable urban form. Secondly, the city of Erbil in Iraq has been chosen as a field study, due to its regional, social, political and historical role in the region. Thirdly, the study emphasises the dynamic activities and performance of residential projects according to rational sustainable criteria. The research concludes that urban identity and the sense of place in traditional and historical places should inform design strategies in order to achieve a more sustainable urban context.
A Friction of Cultural Values and Characteristics of Imperial Mosque in Ternate
Authors: Tayeb Muhammad , Asriany Sherly , Ridwan Ridwan
Published: October 2015

Indonesia has many religious culture that should be preserved one of  which is the imperial mosque. Most of the imperial mosque has its own characteristics in carrying out activities both religious and cultural. Sultanate of Ternate is the largest sultanates in eastern Indonesia which would give other peculiarities that need to be raised as a typical Indonesian culture. The purpose of this study is to identify the type of tradition in doing at the mosque sultanate by people of Ternate and changes in cultural values of the people of Ternate in the imperial mosque. In this study found the phenomenon characteristic changes in cultural values by linking changes in the physical aspect and non-physical. To determine the effect of these factors, the method used is the method of observation of physical traces. This method is expected to be able to explain the effect of the change occurred. Based on the results of the study indicate compliance is still customary rules of religious traditions in the imperial mosque although some traditions that formerly taboo has been done, the progress of the times, increase knowledge, and make the implementation of the reform and renewal of cultural values carried by the community for various reasons theTernate.