bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pendapatan Petani Padi Sawah di Desa Liu Kecamatan Majauleng Kabupaten Wajo
Authors: Syamsuri Akhsan , Kasim Erni
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi pendapaan petani padi sawah di Desa Liu Kecamatan Majauleng Kabupaten Wajo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan dimulai bulan Maret sampai Mei 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi petani di Lingkungan Desa Liu  yang berjumlah 510 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik Jika populasinya kurang dari 100, Iebih baik semua populasinya dijadikan sampel, selanjutnya jika populasinya lebih dari 100 maka sampelnya minimal 10-25%.. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam dengan menggunakan kuesioner sementara metode analisis data menggunakan Analisis Pendapatan dan Analisis R/C Ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasi bagi antara total penerimaan usahatani sebesar Rp . 531.830.250 dengan total biaya yang di keluarkan sebesar Rp. 182.874.041 dalam satu kali tanam sehingga menghasilkan nilai sebesar 2,90. Hal ini memberikan gambaran bahwa usaha tani padi di Desa Liu Kecamatan Majauleng Kabupaten Wajo layak untuk di jalankan atau menguntungkan petani.
Persepsi Petani terhadap Dampak Kerebahan Tanaman Padi di Kel. Wiringpalennae Kec. Tempe Kab. Wajo
Authors: Wiettimena Magfira , Sau Tenri , Syahrullah
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Wiringpalennae Kecamatan Tempe Kabupaten Wajo. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini mulai bulan Maret sampai Mei 2021. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi petani terhadap dampak kerebahan tanaman padi di Kelurahan Wiringpalennae Kecamatan Tempe Kabupaten Wajo. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 25 petani yang melakukan penanaman padi di Kelurahan Wiringpalennae, Kecamatan Tempe, Kabupaten Wajo dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampilng; simple random sampling, dimana peneliti menentukan populasi (petani) untuk menjadi sampel yang dilakukan menggunakansampel jenuh atau menggunakan semua populasi sebagai sampel. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil  penelitian persepsi petani terhadap dampak kerebahan tanaman padi di Kelurahan Wiringpalennae, Kecamatan Tempe, Kabupaten Wajokhususnya di Wilayah Tonronge dan Timorosecarakeseluruhanadalah sebanyak 81,54% masuk dalam kategori“tinggi”karena berada pada nilai presentase 41-100%.
Analisis Perilaku Biaya Pada Industri Rumah Tangga Tempe Akibat Adanya Fluktuasi Harga Kedelai
Authors: Asti Oktaviani Firda , Dharmawan Budi , Darmawati Putri Dindy
Published: November 2021

Tempe is a typical Indonesian food made fermented soybeans. Tempe is a good source of nutrition because it contains protein, carbodydrates, fat, vitamins and minerals needed by the body. Soybean used to make tempe must be of good quality. Pliken Village is a tempe production center, because it has the highest number of tempe craftsmen in Banyumas Regency. With the increase in soybean prices which have continued to increase lately, the tempe business has decreased due to lack of capital to continue the business. The purpose of this research are to: 1). Knowing the amount of costs, revenues and income before and after increase in soybean prices in the tempe production business in Pliken Village. 2). Knowing the factors that affect the increase in tempe production costs. The researh was carried out in Pliken Village from May 2021 to July 2021. The target of this research is the tempe craftsmen of Pliken Village who produce for one month. The sampling method uses simple random sampling technique and obtained by respondents as many as 81 craftsmen using the slovin formula. The analytical method used is the analysisno costs and revenues, and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the analysis of costs, revenues and income shows the total cost incurred by the craftsmen before the increase in soybean prices and after the increase in soybean prices is Rp. 11,883,809 per month. Based on the classical assumption test there are factors that affect the increase in production costs such as soybean prices, family labor wages, wages for non-family workers, gasoline prices, and banana leaf prices. While the factors that do not affect the increase in production costs are the price of yeast, the price of plastic and the price of used paper.
Pengaruh Kepercayaan Dan Komitmen Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Koperasi Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Erynayati Luh , Made Arysta Putra Sang
Published: November 2021

Customer loyalty is a sense of loyalty that customers have to always use the products offered by the cooperative. If customers are loyal to the company, they will not consider using the financial organization's existing products. Furthermore, one of the elements that influence loyalty is trust and commitment. The formulation of the problem here is how the impact of trust and commitment on client loyalty either to some extent or at the same time. The purpose of this study is to determine how the impact of trust and commitment on customer loyalty either partially or simultaneously. This exploration is directed at KSP Amertha Nadi Jaya Klungkung. The number of samples taken is 87 respondents. Information collection methods are observation, interview, documentation, writing and polling. While the technical procedures of data analysis are validity, reliability, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, multiple correlation, t test (t test), determination, and f test (f test). The results of this study indicate that there is a positive and large influence between trust and commitment to customer loyalty at KSP Amertha Nadi Jaya Klungkung, which implies that the better trust and commitment, the higher customer loyalty to KSP Amertha Nadi Jaya Klungkung.
Analisis Kontribusi Industri Pengolahan Terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Di Kabupaten Jayapura
Authors: Tanudy Ayub , Syafii Muhamad
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the contribution of the manufacturing sector to the gross regional domestic product in Jayapura district. This method uses qualitative analysis, namely analyzing data in the form of descriptions that are relevant to the problem raised. Where this analytical tool will be used to describe the factors that affect the acceptance of the value of the regional gross domestic product of Jayapura Regency. The calculation results show that the manufacturing sector in 2016 contributed to the formation of the value of the gross regional domestic product by 4.98 percent while the remaining 95.02 percent. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the construction sector in 2017 decreased in percentage compared to 2016 of 0.7 percent. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the manufacturing sector in 2018 decreased in percentage but not at the nominal value, which was 4.79 percent. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the processing industry sector in 2019 increasingly showed a negative trend in percentage terms but the nominal value experienced a good increase where it increased by 4.49 percent or decreased by 0.30 percent from the previous year and still shows a positive trend. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the manufacturing industry sector in 2020 increasingly show a positive trend both in percentage and nominal value where the increase is 4.77 percent
The Turnovo Period of the Children’s Magazine ‘Mladina” (1891–1915). Artistic Aspects
Authors: Bratanova Bogdalina
Published: November 2021

The “Mladina” [“Младина”] (1891–1915) magazne has a conciderable role in Bulgarian cultural history. It is an illustrated issue with sietnifically and entertaining content basically oriented towords the young readers. The decoration of the magazine follows the spirit of the classicism, which is typical for the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. It contains combination between ready type forms and original graphic drawings or decorative elements. It is worth mentioning that the “Mladina” magazine had the longest history among the other children’s periodical issues during the period. It was edited and circulated in different big Bulgarian cities including Veliko Tаrnovo. This article focuses the attention precisely on the specific features of the magazine during its Tаrnovo period.
Keeping up with the Joneses: Examining relative concerns in health related domains
Authors: CELSE Jérémy , Grolleau Gilles
Published: November 2021

People care about relative position and are willing to engage resources to be above others or at least not below them. Nevertheless, the scarce existing evidence suggests that health is a less positional good: people prefer to be healthy even if others are healthier than them. Unlike previous literature, we use a survey-based study to explore the positionality of several health-related dimensions (e.g., health care reimbursement, cosmetic surgery) in a Choice versus Happiness condition. We find that agents exhibit mainly egalitarian preferences, namely they take into account others' situations but prefer everybody to receive the same amount of health attributes. Moreover, when health attributes are related to physical appearance, agents express significantly higher levels of positional preferences. We draw several policy implications from these egalitarian preferences.
Poverty, beliefs about HIV-AIDS transmission, and the gap in HIV-AIDS testing among women between rural and urban areas in Cameroon
Authors: Bodjongo Mpabe , Juliot Mathieu
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study is to examine the effects of income poverty and beliefs about HIV-AIDS transmission on the gap in HIV-AIDS testing among women between rural and urban areas in Cameroon. The analysis is based on a sample of 7,464 women from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS 5) of Cameroon (NIS, 2015). Based on the literature on the demand for preventive health care, econometric results obtained using a decomposing differencesmodel based on Yun method, reveal that the HIV-AIDS screening rate of women living in rural areas is lower than that of women living in urban areas. Improvements in the level of economic well-being, demonstrated knowledge about HIV-AIDS, and education levels of rural women are likely to reduce this gap. On the other hand, having a child, knowing where to get tested for HIV-AIDS, or being an elderly person does no help reduce this gap.
Analyse de l’efficience des dépenses publiques de santé en Afrique subsaharienne: Leçons face à la pandémie du Covid-19
Authors: Thiam Ibrahima , Entseya Dan
Published: November 2021

L’objet de ce papier est d’analyser l’efficience des dépenses publiques de santé sur un échantillon de 24 pays africains dans un contexte caractérisé par la pandémie du Coivd-19. Nous avons utilisé un modèle DEA avec combinaisons d’inputs et d’outputs pour mesurer l’efficience. Nous avons ainsi exécuté un modèle VRS (rendements d’échelle variables) à orientation inputs. Puis, à partir des scores d’efficience obtenus, nous avons réalisé les simulations sur les variables environnementales, grâce au modèle Tobit afin de mieux générer et identifier les facteurs déterminants de l’efficience. Les résultats montrent une inefficience des dépenses publiques de santé dans la quasi-totalité des pays étudiés. Les variables environnementales telles que le taux d’alphabétisation, le taux de chômage, la prévalence au VIH, la densité de la population et la corruption, influencent significativement l’efficience des dépenses publiques de santé. Cependant, nous avons constaté que la variable corruption a un impact plus significatif sur l’inefficience de ces dépenses. Le score moyen d’efficacité globale s’élève à 0.667, ce qui traduit pour ces pays un potentiel de 33% d’amélioration des résultats des services de santé avec le même niveau de dépenses.
L2 English Speakers’ Perception of Their English Accent: An Investigation of European and Asian Attitudes
Authors: Shibata Miki
Published: November 2021

According to previous studies, Japanese learners of English (JLEs) have a negative perception of their own variety of English along with a strong desire to sound native-like. Language attitudes toward L2 (second language) English accents may affect their active participation in English communication situations. The present study is cross-national and investigates whether other L2 English learners from different L1 (first language) backgrounds negatively perceive their own variety of English and English pronunciation as JLEs do. A total of 290 college students in Austria, Germany, Denmark, Malaysia, China, Japan, and Kazakhstan evaluated their own accent by responding to 10 statements on a 6-point scale. By comparing the responses as percentages and the binomial test, the analysis revealed that the Japanese perceived their accent most negatively, followed by the Chinese, whereas the Europeans, Malaysians, and Kazakhs perceived their accents positively to varying degrees. Among the seven countries, the L1 Danish group perceived their own variety as native-like most and non-native accent least, where the JLEs showed the opposite results. On the other hand, the endorsement for native accent was recognized across the countries. Based on the results, I claim that individual socio-contextual settings could have a critical impact on developing distinct attitudes toward one’s own accent among EFL speakers. 
The Effect of Total Physical Response Method on Vocabulary Learning/Teaching: A Mixed Research Synthesis
Authors: Celik Tugba Inciman , Cay Tolga , Kanadli Sedat
Published: November 2021

This aim of this study is to determine the effect of the TPR method on students' vocabulary learning and the factors affecting the effectiveness of this method by combining the findings obtained from both qualitative and quantitative studies. For this purpose, a primary study with 13 quantitative and 7 qualitative findings was included in this study using mixed research synthesis. The data obtained from the studies with quantitative findings were combined with the meta-analysis method and the studies with qualitative findings were separately combined with the thematic synthesis method. Then, using the analytical themes obtained from the thematic synthesis, the variance among the studies included in the meta-analysis was attempted to be explained. As a result of the meta-analysis, it was determined that instruction based on the TPR Model had a “strong” effect size (ES=1.131, 95% CI: -0.705 to 3.729) on academic achievement. As a result of the thematic synthesis, four descriptive themes were formed: "Learning-teaching process in TPR method", "Learning outcomes in TPR method", "motivation" and "Implementation suggestions/requirements". It has been determined that teaching based on the TPR method has significant contributions to the learning process (increasing active participation, learning by having fun, cooperative learning, etc.) and learning outcomes (word learning, correct use, creativity, etc.), motivation in learning, and some requirements (according to teacher and feature) have been determined. According to the descriptive themes obtained from the thematic synthesis, 10 analytical themes were developed. It was observed that all analytical themes were made in the experimental studies, and two of the 10 analytical themes explained the variance among the studies included in the meta-analysis significantly (p<.05).
Optimization of Production Parameters in Oriented Strand Board (OSB) Manufacturing by Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Furugi Ahad , Yapici Fatih
Published: November 2021

Optimization of process conditions in oriented strand board (OSB) manufacturing is a very important issue for both reducing cost and improving the quality of panels. Taguchi experimental design technique was applied to determination and optimization of the most influential controlling parameters of OSB panels such as press condition (pressure-time-temperature) and the ratio of adhesive parameters on modulus of elasticity (MOE). The value of the MOE is one of the very important mechanical properties of OSB panels. For this purpose, several experiments were conducted according to Taguchi L27 orthogonal design. The signal-to-noise (S/N) and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to find the optimum levels and to indicate the impact of the controlling parameters on MOE. A verification test was also performed to prove the effectiveness of Taguchi technique. Since the predicted and the measured values were very close to each other, it was concluded that the Taguchi method was very successful in the optimization of effective parameters in OSB’s manufacturing.
Gender als discriminatiegrond in het strafrecht
Authors: van Noorloos L.A. (Marloes) , Verrest P.A.M. (Pieter)
Published: November 2021

Gender als discriminatiegrond in het strafrecht

De gedachte leeft breed dat voor een effectieve aanpak van uitingsdelicten op grond van gender het Wetboek van Strafrecht dient te worden aangepast. Deze gedachte is inmiddels kracht bijgezet door een concept-wetsvoorstel waarmee onder meer wordt beoogd het uitingsdelict groepsbelediging (art. 137c Sr) aan te passen zodat op gender gebaseerde discriminatie onderdeel wordt van deze bepaling. Hoewel dit wetsvoorstel gezien de huidige maatschappelijke context begrijpelijk is, roept het ook wat vragen op. Deze bijdrage bespreekt dit wetsvoorstel en gaan in op een aantal problematische aspecten ervan.
De organisatie van de lokale partijen
Authors: Boogers Marcel , Voerman Gerrit
Published: November 2021

The organisation of local parties

Since 1989, the parties participating in the Dutch elections have been obliged to opt for the legal form of an association with full legal capacity, if they wish to be stated on the ballot under their own name. What this has meant in practice for the structure of local party organisations is, however, unknown. For this reason, this article focuses on the question of how local parties are organised. How have the parties arranged their internal functioning and what human and financial resources do they have at their disposal? A second reason to take a closer look at the organisation of local parties lies in their increased electoral significance. Since 2010, as a collective category, they have managed to attract the largest percentage of voters, with 29% of the total number of votes in the 2018 municipal elections. This justifies the question of whether the social significance of local parties is now just as strong. How do local parties organise their members, sympathisers and volunteers. On the basis of this exploratory study into the organisation of local parties, it can be concluded that both the internal and the external facets of the party organisation are relatively highly developed. Where, according to the literature, national political parties place less emphasis on the external mobilisation function, we see that local parties perform better than the branches of national parties in terms of both the internal organisational function and the external mobilisation function.
Romanian de fapt - from an adjectival adjunct to an attention marker
Authors: Bălășoiu Cezar
Published: November 2021

This research traces back the development of the Romanian phrase de fapt (‘in fact, actually, indeed’), based on written and oral corpora. De fapt has been attested in Romanian since late 19th century; chronologically, it is the last of the three Romanian adverbial expressions (alongside în faptă and în fapt) that went through all the stages of the grammaticalization cline proposed by Elizabeth Traugott for this type of adverbs. However, we consider that this phrase actually goes even further by becoming, in press headlines, an attention marker (Fraser 2009: 297), thus joining the category of să vezi ce s-a întâmplat (‘you won’t believe what has happened’). Thus, in press titles such as Cu ce femeie a petrecut aseară Pepe, de fapt (‘Who is the woman Pepe actually spent the evening with’), de fapt loses its contrastive discourse marker rhetorical function of contrasting with a previous element and acquires a new function, i.e. of inviting the reader to read a story that (s)he would have otherwise overlooked. In this type of occurrences, de fapt acquires, for the first time, an intersubjective value.
THE RISK OF POVERTY OF HOUSEHOLDS WITH PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Sowa-Kofta Agnieszka , Kurowski Piotr
Published: November 2021

The article aims at analysing available statistical data on the poverty risk of households of people with disabilities. The analyses indicate that incomes in households of people with disabilities is largely dependent on social transfers and its dynamics is much lower than in households of people without disabilities. The income level largely protects against extreme poverty, but the exposure to re7lative poverty has been increasing steadily over the last decade. Comparing the structure of expenditure in households of people with and without disabilities, a higher level of expenditure on health-related needs is observed. This is a rationale for a higher threshold of access to family benefits for these households.
The impact of temporary migration for demographic perspective in Poland
Authors: Fihel Agnieszka
Published: November 2021

The National Population Census 2011 showed that over 2 million of Polish citizens have been temporarily staying abroad for at least 3 months. The aim of analysis is to present an impact of temporary emigration on the present and future demographic situation of our country, especially the change in the population size and number of births, as well as the advancement of aging process in the coming years. The results of the census 2011 indicate that the population losses due to temporary emigration may exceed 10% in the age groups 25–29 and 30–34. The results for 2014–2050 based on the CSO modified forecast including temporary emigration and immigration show a relevant decrease in the number of population at the age of economic activity. The possible return of emigrants could counteract the depopulation of our country, but in the long run will be intensified by the aging of the population.
Freiheit der Advokatur
Authors: Heinrichs Philipp
Published: November 2021

Since the abolishment of singular admission to the higher regional courts in 2000, the judiciary has been asking itself the question whether singular admission to the Federal Court of Justice is compatible with the German Constitution and the laws of the European Union. In particular, the non-transparent selection procedure was and is the trigger of controversial discussions and the subject of legal disputes.

The work questions the conformity of singular admission to the Federal Court of Justice with the German Constitution and considers the selection procedure to be without transparency, comprehensibility and rule of law.
Protein Detection in Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Prevalent Neurodegenerative Diseases and Metabolic Disorders
Authors: A.K. Goodluck Ohanube , M. Uchejeso Obeta , R. Chinaza Ikeagwulonu
Published: November 2021

An accurate diagnosis gives leeway to cost-effective treatments. However, many diseases continue to evolve; hence, their etiology is sometimes missed due to the procedures used during diagnosis. Protein-related diseases include proteopathies (proteinopathies) such as neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders like protein-energy malnutrition and some hormonopathies. Hormonopathies are associated with the change in the production of hormones. Diabetes mellitus, a type of hormonopathy, is reviewed in this work alongside neurodegenerative diseases and protein-energy malnutrition. This chapter aims to elucidate more on the diagnosis of these diseases considering the structure and function of their proteins viz-a-viz their deficiencies and hyper-production in man. Their pathogenesis and the principles underlying their diagnosis are further discussed to optimize the management of these diseases among patients.
Irradiation of Sewage Sludge
Authors: M. Uribe Roberto , Engohang-Ndong Jean
Published: November 2021

A review of the current status of sewage sludge decontamination using electron beam irradiation at industrial scale is presented. The chapter includes a historical development of the technology using both gamma and electron beam sources, a description of a facility using an electron accelerator, a discussion of the quality control techniques used to certify that satisfactory decontamination levels for safe use of treated sludge have been achieved, the effect of electron beam irradiation on the bacteria and virus present in a typical sample of municipal sewage sludge, and an analysis of the costs of decontaminating sewage sludge using electron beam irradiation compared to traditional and more routine technologies. Finally, the chapter concludes by emphasizing on the fact that electron accelerators described in this chapter are capable to decontaminate a typical municipal sewage sludge at competitive costs which are shown to be comparable and/or lower than routinely used technologies to achieve class A biosolids by the Environmental Protection Agency standards.
Targeting Oncogene Addiction for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Thapa Sonia , A. Rather Rafiq , K. Singh Shashank , Bhagat Madhulika
Published: November 2021

Oncogene addiction, a term first coined by Bernard Weinstein in 2000, refers to a condition where a tumor cell, despite harboring a multitude of genetic alterations, depends on a single oncogenic pathway or oncoprotein for sustained proliferation and survival. Several lines of evidence from mammalian cell culture models, genetically modified mice models, and human intervention trials of targeted drugs have revealed that many tumors, if not all, rely on oncogene addiction for sustained proliferation and survival. Oncogene addiction strongly impacts the therapeutic response of tumors to acute oncoprotein inhibition. An important implication of oncogene addiction is that inhibiting this critical pathway, on which cancer cells become dependent, can cause selective and specific cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal surrounding cells that are not oncogene addicted. However, the mechanism by which cancer cells become dependent on a single pathway or activated oncoprotein is not precisely understood in most cases. Thus, a better understanding of oncogene addiction may provide a rationale for improving current cancer therapies and help develop novel therapeutic strategies for the management of cancer.
Efficacy of Intraperitoneal Dexamethasone Infusion in Reduction of Shoulder Pain and Nausea/Vomiting After Gynecological Laparoscopy
Authors: Nouri Behnaz , Arab Maliheh , Lotfpour Somaye
Published: November 2021

Background: The reduction of shoulder pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), causing great discomfort for patients after gynecological laparoscopy, requires preventive or treatment strategies. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of intraperitoneal (IP) dexamethasone in the reduction of shoulder pain and PONV after gynecological laparoscopy. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 130 consecutive patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy were randomly assigned to two groups of 65 patients within May 2015 to May 2016. One group received 16 mg IP dexamethasone before the end of the surgery, and the other group received the placebo (i.e., the IP infusion of distilled water). Patients' age and body mass index (BMI), and surgery duration were recorded in this study. The severity of shoulder pain was evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS) at recovery and 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after the surgery. Moreover, the need for opioid use and PONV were recorded within the first 24 h after the surgery. The study outcomes were compared between the two study groups and among the different intervals using SPSS software (version 21). Results: The groups had similar demographics (i.e., age and BMI) and mean surgery duration (P > 0.05). The mean values of VAS scores of the intervention group were lower than those of the placebo group at five intervals (P = 0.001). The frequency of opioid use was significantly lower in the dexamethasone group (P = 0.010). In addition, 20% and 60% of the patients in the dexamethasone and placebo groups had PONV, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The IP dexamethasone is effective in the reduction of shoulder pain and nausea/vomiting after gynecological laparoscopy and can significantly reduce opioid requirement within the first 24 h after surgery; however, IP dexamethasone does not increase surgery duration. Therefore, it is recommended to use this technique during gynecological laparoscopy.
Predicting the Antepartum Factors Resulted in Failed Labor Induction in Nulliparous Term Pregnancies
Authors: Shirazi Mahboobeh , Ghorbani Yekta Batool , Shamsipour Mansour , Kharazi Kalejahi Shirin , Ghaemi Marjan
Published: November 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a computerized machine to predict a successful normal vaginal delivery and determine the antepartum factors involved in failed labor induction in nulliparous term women. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Yas Hospital affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 2017 to 2019. The data used for the computerized system were obtained during the admission of the term nulliparous women with singleton pregnancy in cephalic presentation. The cesarean delivery rate, as well as maternal and perinatal outcomes, were evaluated. The input variables were maternal age, gravida, gestational age at birth, necessity and type of labor induction, presentation of the baby at birth, Bishop Score, fetal weight, and fetal head circumference, and maternal disorders. The outputs were vaginal deliveries or cesarean sections. Results: The rate of cesarean section was 41.8% (n = 287). Higher maternal age (OR = 1.044, P = 0.018, CI = 1.007 - 1.082), lower Bishop Score (OR = 0.192, P < 0.001, CI = 0.139 - 0.256) and non-occiput anterior position (OR = 82.194, P < 0.001, CI = 15.888 - 425.214) were significantly associated with failed induction. Conclusions: The result of this study may be beneficial for healthcare providers to predict the delivery route, the risk of labor induction failure and make a personal decision according to each individual.
Orofacial Closure Defects: Forty-Five Genes Associated Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Ashouri Sahar , Khorramkhorshid Hamidreza , Ebadifar Asghar
Published: November 2021

Context: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most common congenital malformations in the face and neck. Given that the inheritance of this disease is multifactorial and both genetic and environmental factors play crucial roles in its creation, studying these factors may be a step toward reducing the prevalence of the disease in future generations. Method: For this study, we looked through several national and international databases, consisting of Scientific Information Database, IranDoc, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. Based on our search method, we found 800 published articles, of which 750 were obtained from the international databases, and the remaining 50 were extracted from the national databases. After data refining, 600 articles with eligible criteria remained for data extraction, and data related to embryological origin, classification and etiology, genes and environmental factors, and complications caused by CLP were collected. Results: The CLP etiology was multifactorial and involved both genetic and environmental risk factors. The primary purpose of this review was to give the reader an overview of studies on multifactorial causes of this congenital disability. The functions of genes are very different, indicating a high level of vulnerability in the cranial and facial growth pathways. Conclusions: These findings have advanced our understanding of genes associated with CLP and genetic polymorphisms involved in orofacial closure defects. The findings can create new clinical and molecular research opportunities.
The Integration Pattern of Human Papillomavirus in the Host Genome as a Promising Guide for Precise Radiation Therapy in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Gorginzadeh Mansoureh , Motavaf Mahsa
Published: November 2021

Context: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading risk factor for this cancer. Currently, concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the standard of care for patients with locally advanced CC. However, the response to radiotherapy varies widely among patients, underscoring the need to identify biomarkers to predict patients’ treatment outcomes. Evidence Acquisition: In order to find relevant articles, we performed a systematic search using ISI Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase, with a combination of the keywords “human papillomaviruses”, “cervical cancer”, “radiotherapy”, “biomarkers”, “viral integration”, and “episome”. All types of studies, including observational or retrospective studies, clinical trials, congress abstracts, and case reports or case series, were examined to find relevant data. No time limitation was considered for the studies. Results: The integration of HPV DNA into the host genome is considered to be a critical step in HPV carcinogenesis. The HPV integration pattern has been investigated as a potent prognostic factor for the tailored treatment of CC. Conclusions: It is indicated that the integration state of the HPV genome in host DNA is a potential prognostic or predictive biomarker for CC response to radiotherapy.
Application of Genome-Editing Technologies for Off-the-Shelf T Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Hakakzadeh Zohreh , Yekehfallah Vahid , Ebrahimiyan Hamidreza , Sayadmanesh Ali , Basiri Mohsen
Published: November 2021

: Genetically, engineered T-cell therapy is a personalized treatment that has demonstrated considerable therapeutic potential for solid tumors and hematopoietic cancers. However, endogenous T-cell receptors (TCRs) on the surface of engineered T cells hamper their application in the allogeneic settings by inducing graft-versus-host disease, where endogenous TCRs on the surface of engineered T cells respond to the recipient’s tissues. Since the cause of this allogeneic response is the TCR complex on the surface of the engineered T cells, preventing the expression of TCR components on the surface of these cells is a promising strategy to address this challenge. This review discusses the production of allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor T cells using genome-editing methods.
Celoživotní cesta k roli babičky. Počáteční faktory utvářející individuální pojetí role babičky
Authors: Čepilová Tereza
Published: November 2021

Several factors that influence playing the role of grandparent are described in the scientific literature. Basically, these factors contribute to forming the grandparent’s role at the time when the role is played. This article takes a different approach to the topic. It considers factors shaping the grandparent’s role in the past, not in the present. Consistent with this approach, the article deals with family factors that contribute to the shaping of the grandmother’s role. The aim of this article is to answer the question: among the interviewed women, what roles do the figures of grandmothers play in shaping conceptions of the role of grandmother? For this purpose, interviews conducted with eight women who had personal experience with the role of grandmother were analyzed. The article identifies two family factors mentioned in the grandmothers’ narratives: upbringing and grandmothers’ patterns. These factors were the first to shape individual conceptions of the future grandmother’s role. In the women’s lives, these factors affected the role of grandmother long before the women became grandmothers. The article points out specific aspects of the role of a grandmother that are influenced by these factors.
Postural disorders and muscle power in primary school children
Authors: Bubanj Saša , Đorđević Stefan , Milenković Saša , Stanković Ratko , Vidojević Mikica , Đokić Milan
Published: November 2021

The aim of the research was to contribute to better understanding of the correlation between postural disorders and muscle power in primary school children. The sample of respondents consisted of 1,120 children, aged 7 to 12 years (549 boys and 571 girls) from the territory of the municipality of Knjaževac. In the assessment of the spinal column status, the device "Spinal Mouse" (Switzerland) was used, while in the analysis of the status of the feet, the podoscope "Pedic" (Hungary) was used. A handheld dynamometer "Lafayette" (USA) and tensiometric force platform "Vernier Force Plate" (USA) were used in the analysis of muscle power. Spinal column and feet status were measured in the static condition, with children being in the upright standing position. Muscle power status was measured in both static (a clinician was applying muscle force to the dominant upper extremity of a child trying to overcome or "break" the child's muscle resistance) and dynamic conditions (Counter Movement Jump). Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used in data processing by the means of the SPSS software version 24. Results revealed poor postural and muscle power status, and correlations suggesting to possible kinetic chain reaction causing the disruption of the normal postural status in primary school children. Determined postural disorders are characterized by the early functional stage that can be reduced by appropriate corrective exercise programme application and augmented level of proper physical activity. Those programmes and activities are being guided and implemented by physicians and PE teachers in the municipality of Knjaževac.
Chronic chloroquine and ethanol administration causes detrimental renal morphological changes in rats fed low protein
Authors: Abdulkadir Abdurrahman , Mbajiorgu Ejikeme
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to investigate the microscopic renal changes resulting from the concurrent administration of chloroquine and ethanol, with inadequate dietary protein using rats. Sixty-four rats were randomly distributed into eight groups of eight rats each: control groups on normal protein (NPC) or low protein diet (LPC); chloroquine treatment groups on normal protein (NPQ) or low protein diet (LPQ); ethanol treatment groups on normal protein (NPE) or low protein diet (LPE); concurrent chloroquine and ethanol treatment groups on normal protein (NPQE) or low protein diet (LPQE). Chloroquine in 0.9% normal saline was administered weekly to NPQ, LPQ, NPQE, and LPQE. While NPE, LPE, NPQE and LPQE received 6% ethanol in drinking water ad libitum, NPC and LPC received 0.9% normal saline and plain drinking water. After treatment, routine haematoxylin and eosin stain, Masson's trichrome stain for collagen, kidney volume estimation, glomeruli count, immunofluorescence for aquaporin 2 and urine volume estimation were conducted. The results showed a decreased kidney volume in all the experimental groups compared to the control. There was increased collagen fiber deposition and distortion of renal histology in the experimental groups compared to control. Concurrent administration of chloroquine and alcohol causes distortion of kidney histology and derangements of renal function in the low protein-fed rats and can cause kidney failure.
The burden of tuberculosis as a permanent medical and legal challenge for mankind through centuries
Authors: Radović Milan , Đorđević Aleksandar , Božanić Borislav
Published: November 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease, and throughout human history, it has been permanently opening numerous medical and legal questions, for which the answers are implied by the current social circumstances. In ancient times, insufficient knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of TB resulted in discrimination and isolation of patients. In the Middle Ages, kings used TB as a disease to secure their political power over the citizens, while TB culturally took a romanticized form during the 19th and 20th centuries, together with a great social phobia of contagion, disease, and dying on the other hand. Stereotypes were formed around all TB victims, while society tried to understand the nature of the disease and establish a civilizational relationship with it as a health problem having numerous social implications. Modern public health measures for the control of the TB pandemic were established after the discovery of the Koch bacillus in the 19th century. The invention and mass use of the BCG vaccine, the discovery of streptomycin and isoniazid, and the new era of TB treatment, with the consequent emergence of drug resistance, coepidemic with AIDS, neglect of public health facilities and the current COVID-19 pandemics threaten many legal rights of the infected and the sick and pose new challenges in its global elimination. Numerous attempts by society over the centuries to devise preventive and therapeutic measures for TB, through different levels of social obligations and activities, have had and continue to have a profound impact on the human race, shaping its further response to the victims of this deadly disease.
Ertapenem neurotoxicity in patients with kidney damage: A case report
Authors: Alp Alper , Dalda Yalkin
Published: November 2021

Ertapenem, a member of the carbapenem group of antibiotics, is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against multidrug-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative infections. In patients with acute or chronic kidney damage, one of the most serious side effects of ertapenem is neurotoxicity. Various clinical conditions such as seizures, hallucinations, delirium, confusion, and nystagmus may occur. Previous history of cerebral pathologies is a known risk factor for ertapenem-associated neurotoxicity. Immediate discontinuation of treatment is required. Although the symptoms usually resolve rapidly, cases with longer duration of symptoms have also been reported. Close monitoring of neurological status in such patients is essential.
Principal component analysis in determining representative financial ratios within non-life insurance sector in Serbia
Authors: Vasić Vladimir , Kočović Jelena , Koprivica Marija
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the application of principal component analysis in determining financial ratios that are representative within non-life insurance sector. Starting from many financial indicators found in the literature in the field of insurance, the purpose of the study is to identify a smaller set of ratios that are most relevant for assessing the financial position and performance of non-life insurance companies in Serbia with a minimum loss of information. On the basis of financial reports of nonlife and composite insurers in the period 2010-2019, we calculated 38 financial ratios, grouped into seven categories (capital adequacy, asset quality, reinsurance risk and performance, adequacy of technical reserves, profitability, liquidity and management soundness). Using parallel analysis and Velicer's minimum average partial test, we found that it is possible to explain 85% of variability of the initial set of ratios with six financial ratios. The obtained results can be used for the purposes of efficient financial analysis of individual insurance companies and the entire nonlife insurance sector in Serbia.
Quality management and business performance of Serbian companies
Authors: Milovanović Vesna , Janošević Stevo , Paunović Mihailo
Published: November 2021

The impact of quality management (QM) programs on business results has been the subject of numerous studies worldwide. However, given the complexity of the contemporary QM paradigm and its context-dependence, it is difficult to generalise its impact on business performance. This study examines QM from the strategic management perspective by comprehensively analysing the effects of quality management system (QMS) certification to ISO 9001 in terms of improved business performance and the achieved level of total quality management (TQM) in Serbian companies. Control variables of industry type and company size are employed to observe their possible impact on motives for, and effects of, QMS certification to ISO 9001. The results reveal that the certification of Serbian companies' QMS to ISO 9001 positively influences their operational and market performance, with the impact intensity dependent upon company size and industry type. The impact of certification on financial performance was examined but not confirmed. Compared to companies motivated primarily by marketing interests and market pressure, companies that certify their QMS to ISO 9001 to improve the quality of their business show a higher level of TQM implementation and gain greater benefits from certification.
Organizational efficiency prospects for management in Industry 4.0
Authors: Pinheiro Pedro , Putnik Goran
Published: November 2021

Industry 4.0 emerges as a tool to help organizations manage. Often identified with the Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems, Industry 4.0 appears as a solution to many of the difficulties plaguing manufacturing. The history of management theories, e.g. by Taylor, Fayol, or Simon, shows that deterministic solutions do not ensure the permanent success of organizations. In manufacturing, the economy overlaps the technological, social, environmental, and cultural dimensions that influence organizations. This paper assesses the possible benefits for the efficiency of the organizations resulting from the implementation of Industry 4.0. To fulfill this purpose, the effects on the hierarchical structures of organizations are investigated, namely those related to specialization, authority, and span of control. The results show that technological advances and efficiency of industry 4.0, which are relevant for the economy, still do not respond satisfactorily to social needs that require changes in the behavior of the management system.
Value analysis as a mechanism to reduce the complexity of the selection of the resources system for Agile/Virtual Enterprises in the context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Ávila Paulo , Pires António , Putnik Goran , Bastos João , Cruz-Cunha Maria
Published: November 2021

The selection of the resources system (SRS) is an important element in the integration/project of Agile/Virtual Enterprises (A/V E) because its performance is dependent of this selection, and even of its creation. However, it remains a difficult matter to solve because is still a very complex and uncertain problem. We propose that using Value Analysis (VA) in the pre-selection of resources phase represents a significant improvement of the SRS process. The current literature fails to formally address the pre-selection phase and none of the resource selection models incorporate the resources value and its consequence in the complexity of the selection process. Whereby, ours developed model with VA constitutes an innovative approach towards greater sustainability in the configuration of A/V E in the context of Industry 4.0, where a massive interconnection among enterprises is expected and consequently the increase of the selection process complexity. After the construction of a demonstrator tool for a set of the problem formulations, this paper verifies by computational results the thesis regarding the benefits of applying VA to the SRS process: VA reduces the complexity of the SRS process, even ensuring that the final system of resources achieve higher quality/value grade.