bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of energy dissipation capacity of steel and glass fibre-reinforced polymer frames with bonded sleeve connections
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Zhang Zhujing , Bai Yu
Published: August 2017

This paper presents a comparative study on the energy dissipation capacity of one glass fibre-reinforced polymer frame with bonded sleeve connection and steel frames with bolted endplate connections. Experimentally measured moment-rotation behaviour of a typical bonded sleeve connection was employed to develop the joint model for the glass fibre-reinforced polymer frame. In order to reduce the effect of the different beam size on the overall frame behaviour, the size of the steel profiles was selected to be equal, less than and greater than glass fibre-reinforced polymer profile in terms of the bending stiffness. The moment–rotation response of bolted endplate connection was then theoretically determined through Mohammadi’s design model. The frame models were developed using 3D beam elements and nonlinear spring elements. Comparing the energy dissipation capacity between glass fibre-reinforced polymer and steel frames at connections and floors, it was found that although glass fibre-reinforced polymer members were lack of ductility, the glass fibre-reinforced polymer frame can give satisfactory energy dissipation capacity that is comparable to steel frames. The energy dissipation capacity of glass fibre-reinforced polymer frame can be induced by the yielding of steel endplate from bonded sleeve connection.
Quantitative analysis of impact of awareness-raising activities on organic solid waste separation behaviour in Balikpapan City, Indonesia
Authors: Murase Noriaki , Murayama Takehiko , Nishikizawa Shigeo , Sato Yuriko
Published: August 2017

Many cities in Indonesia are under pressure to reduce solid waste and dispose of it properly. In response to this pressure, the Japan International Cooperation Agency and the Indonesian Government have implemented a solid waste separation and collection project to reduce solid waste in the target area (810 households) of Balikpapan City. We used a cluster randomised controlled trial method to measure the impact of awareness-raising activities that were introduced by the project on residents’ organic solid waste separation behaviour. The level of properly separated organic solid waste increased by 6.0% in areas that conducted awareness-raising activities. Meanwhile, the level decreased by 3.6% in areas that did not conduct similar activities. Therefore, in relative comparison, awareness-raising increased the level by 9.6%. A comparison among small communities in the target area confirmed that awareness-raising activities had a significant impact on organic solid waste separation. High frequencies of monitoring at waste stations and door-to-door visits by community members had a positive impact on organic solid waste separation. A correlation between the proximity of environmental volunteers’ houses to waste stations and a high level of separation was also confirmed. The awareness-raising activities introduced by the project led to a significant increase in the separation of organic solid waste.
TakeCARE, a Video to Promote Bystander Behavior on College Campuses: Replication and Extension
Authors: Jouriles Ernest N. , Sargent Kelli S. , Salis Katie Lee , Caiozzo Christina , Rosenfield David , Cascardi Michele , Grych John H. , O’Leary K. Daniel , McDonald Renee
Published: August 2017

Previous research has demonstrated that college students who view TakeCARE, a video bystander program designed to encourage students to take action to prevent sexual and relationship violence (i.e., bystander behavior), display more bystander behavior relative to students who view a control video. The current study aimed to replicate and extend these findings by testing two different methods of administering TakeCARE and examining moderators of TakeCARE’s effects on bystander behavior. Students at four universities ( n = 557) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (a) view TakeCARE in a monitored computer lab, (b) view TakeCARE at their own convenience after receiving an email link to the video, or (c) view a video about study skills (control group). Participants completed measures of bystander behavior at baseline and at a 1-month follow-up. Participants in both TakeCARE conditions reported more bystander behavior at follow-up assessments, compared with participants in the control condition. The beneficial effect of TakeCARE did not differ significantly across administration methods. However, the effects of TakeCARE on bystander behavior were moderated by students’ perceptions of campus responsiveness to sexual violence, with more potent effects when students perceived their institution as responsive to reports of sexual violence.
Blame You, Blame Me: Exploring Attribution Differences and Impact in Family and Nonfamily Firms
Authors: Jayamohan Parvathi , McKelvie Alexander , Moss Todd W.
Published: August 2017

We explore how publicly listed family and nonfamily firms engage in self-serving attributions in their annual financial reports. We empirically examine how both types of firms emphasize internal attributions for good firm performance (internal-positive attributions) and external attributions for poor firm performance (external-negative attributions). We find that family firms make more external-negative attributions and that the stock market reacts more negatively to external-negative attributions made by family firms. This suggests important theoretical and practical implications for attribution theory and impression management in family firm research.
Negotiating developmental projects: Unaccompanied Afghan refugee boys in Norway
Authors: Omland Guro Brokke , Andenas Agnes
Published: August 2017

Unaccompanied refugee minors are, like other youngsters, making their moves towards adulthood, but under most challenging conditions. Informed by a cultural psychological approach to development, we analysed interviews with 18 unaccompanied Afghan boys and their professional caregivers. ‘Establishing a liveable life in Norway’ and ‘helping the family in the country of origin’ were analysed as central developmental projects for the boys, the former actively supported by the caregivers, the latter typically not. Considering what each individual is trying to achieve and how their projects are received by significant others sheds light on the boys’ struggles, as well as their coping.
Re-imagining research with children through an engagement with contemporary art
Authors: Semenec Paulina
Published: August 2017

This article explores how an engagement with a contemporary art film can foster a different attitude in relation to research with children through the following question: How might an engagement with a contemporary art film inform/disrupt/provoke how we do research with children, and what new ways of thinking about children might it invite? Informed by post-qualitative research in education, this article explores how a different attitude to visual research opens the possibility for re-thinking concepts of voice and agency. Through a discussion of the role of visuals in the field of anthropology as well as education, this article engages with the film Pódworka by the American contemporary artist, Sharon Lockhart.
Identifying joint clearance via robot manipulation
Authors: Li Kuan-Lin , Tsai Ying-Kuan , Chan Kuei-Yuan
Published: August 2017

Inaccuracy in robot manipulation is a result of various uncertainties. Most methods reduce operation errors by calibrating robot parameters, with little attention on understanding the uncertainty sources in the process. This paper investigates how operation accuracy of robot manipulators can be improved by identifying one of the major uncertainty–joint clearance. We first develop the dynamic model of a Delta robot with joint clearance to obtain the operation error of a given trajectory. Errors with different operating procedures can, therefore, be calculated. We then use a Kriging-based model to relate manipulator performances with joint clearance values. Real-time calibration can then be performed by identifying joint clearance via experiments. Errors can also be reduced using optimal path planning with the calibrated joint clearance. Results show that this method reduces the average error at target points from 0.637 to 0.031 mm for robot manipulators with joint clearances of 0.328, 0.171, and 0.483 mm. This is a 95.1% improvement in accuracy over that for the manipulator before optimization. The proposed method can help manufacturers determine robot quality, and achieve optimal operation in a workspace with improved accuracy.
Novel outreach settings to enhance sexually transmitted infection/HIV awareness, diagnosis and treatment in hard-to-reach populations
Authors: Lampejo T , Turner R , Roberts C , Allen K , Watson L , Caverley-Frost L , Scott P , Ostridge E , Cooney G , Hardy J , Nulty K , Day S
Published: August 2017

Despite recent rises in the number of cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as syphilis and gonorrhoea in England and increasing rates of HIV diagnosis among several men who have sex with men populations, many individuals are still not engaging with sexual health services. The John Hunter Clinic for Sexual Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London set up outreach clinics at the two world’s largest adult lifestyle exhibitions in 2013 and 2015. This was the first time that a sexual health screening and promotion service was available at these large-scale (over 10,000 attendees at each) adult lifestyle events. A total of 381 individuals underwent STI screening across the two events. Nineteen (5.0%) patients were diagnosed with an infection. Twelve (3.1%) patients with Chlamydia trachomatis, three (0.8%) patients with syphilis, one (0.3%) patient with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, one (0.3%) patient with HIV, one (0.3%) patient with hepatitis B and one (0.3%) patient with hepatitis C. All 19 patients were promptly contacted with their results and had arrangements made for treatment or were referred for specialist follow up. Where possible, contact tracing was also performed. Implementing such outreach-based projects is challenged by lack of on-site laboratory support, high staffing demands and potentially high costs. However, we achieved a total HIV screening uptake rate of 94.5% amongst our outreach clinic attendees (versus 67% nationally in conventional sexual health clinic attendees) with an HIV positivity rate of 0.3% (versus 0.2% nationally in high HIV prevalence band populations). Additionally, 30.7% had never been tested for HIV previously (versus 20.7% nationally). Our work demonstrates that these strategies can help to address issues related to lack of STI/HIV screening in hard-to-reach populations and promote risk reduction behaviour.
Demand for pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV and the impact on clinical services: Scottish men who have sex with men perspectives
Authors: Gilson RI , Clutterbuck DJ , Chen ZE
Published: August 2017

There is a lack of data on ability and willingness of men who have sex with men (MSM) to self-fund HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We aimed to explore how many eligible (PROUD study criteria) men may want PrEP and how many lower-risk MSM would be willing and able to self-fund this intervention. A self-completed anonymous questionnaire was distributed to MSM populations attending services. Of 377 participants, 81.5% were aware of PrEP. Fifty-three (15.5 %) were eligible, of whom 43 (81%) were very/extremely likely to want it. Of those ineligible, 229 (80%) were aware of PrEP and 106 (37.3%) were very/extremely likely to want it. Of eligible respondents 23% would be willing and able to pay at least £50 a month for PrEP. Of ineligible respondents this proportion was 21%. Our survey revealed high levels of awareness, understanding and willingness to take PrEP among MSM at high and lower risk of HIV acquisition. It indicated that over 70% of high-risk men would be unwilling or unable to self-fund PrEP, should it not be available on the NHS. For lower-risk MSM we estimated that capacity requirements for monitoring self-funded PrEP will be 50% higher than numbers eligible for PrEP. These factors will need to be taken into account when planning services.
The Belief in a Favorable Future
Authors: Rogers Todd , Moore Don A. , Norton Michael I.
Published: August 2017

People believe that future others’ preferences and beliefs will change to align with their own. People holding a particular view (e.g., support of President Trump) are more likely to believe that future others will share their view than to believe that future others will have an opposing view (e.g., opposition to President Trump). Six studies demonstrated this belief in a favorable future (BFF) for political views, scientific beliefs, and entertainment and product preferences. BFF is greater in magnitude than the tendency to believe that current others share one’s views (false-consensus effect), arises across cultures, is distinct from general optimism, is strongest when people perceive their views as being objective rather than subjective, and can affect (but is distinct from) beliefs about favorable future policy changes. A lab experiment involving monetary bets on the future popularity of politicians and a field experiment involving political donations ( N = 660,542) demonstrated that BFF can influence people’s behavior today.
Mathematical modelling of in situ combustion and gasification
Authors: Perkins Greg
Published: August 2017

The total worldwide resources of oil sands, heavy oil, oil shale and coal far exceed those of conventional light oil. In situ combustion and gasification are techniques that can potentially recover the energy from these unconventional hydrocarbon resources. In situ combustion can be used to produce oil, especially viscous and immobile crudes, by heating the oil and reducing the viscosity of the hydrocarbon liquids allowing them to flow to production wells. In situ gasification can be used to convert deep carbonaceous materials into synthesis gas which can be used at surface for power generation and petrochemical applications. While both in situ combustion for oil recovery and in situ gasification of coal have been developed and demonstrated over many decades, the commercial applications of these techniques have been limited to date. There are many physical processes occurring during in situ combustion, including multi-phase flow, heat and mass transfer, chemical reactions in porous media and geomechanics. A key tool in analysing and optimising the technologies involves using numerical models to simulate the processes. This paper presents a brief review of mathematical modelling of in situ combustion and gasification with an emphasis on developing a generalised framework and describing some of the key challenges and opportunities.
Paleoclimate support for a persistent dry island effect in the Colombian Andes during the last 4700 years
Authors: Bird Broxton W , Rudloff Owen , Escobar Jaime , Gilhooly William P , Correa-Metrio Alex , Vélez Maria , Polissar Pratigya J
Published: August 2017

We investigated middle- and late-Holocene hydroclimate patterns in the Colombian Andes using indicators of watershed erosion (lithic abundance), precipitation intensity (% silt), lake-level variability (organic carbon and nitrogen, % sand, and diatoms), and fire frequency (fossil charcoal) from a ~4700-year-long sediment archive from Laguna de Ubaque, a small sub-alpine lake on the eastern flank of the eastern Colombian Andes. Our results indicate reduced precipitation, low lake levels, and increased fire occurrence at Ubaque between 4700 and 3500 cal. yr BP (hereafter BP). Precipitation and lake levels increased abruptly while fire occurrence decreased between 3500 and 2100 BP, with the exception of a 300-year dry phase between 2800 and 2500 BP. Although wetter than the 4700–3500 BP interval, precipitation decreased, lake levels fell, and fire occurrence increased after 2100 BP, but with high-frequency variability. Comparison of the Ubaque results with other Colombian paleoclimate records (e.g. Lakes Fúquene and La Cocha) supports an antiphase pattern of precipitation between the high/interior Andes and frontal slope sites. This spatial pattern of variability is consistent with modern responses to the changes in terrestrial atmospheric convection associated with the so-called ‘dry island’ effect. Further comparison with paleoclimate records from Venezuela suggests that the millennial trend toward increasing frontal slope precipitation is consistent with orbitally induced increases in Andean atmospheric convection. Sub-orbital dry island–like hydroclimate variability suggests that other mechanisms that affect Northern Hemisphere convection may act to enhance or diminish this effect on centennial and shorter timescales.
In Search of the Lost Coin: Toward a Feminist Biblical Hermeneutic
Authors: Wainwright Elaine
Published: August 2017

The contemporary Women's Movement has given rise to profound methodological questions in every field of academic endeavour, and biblical studies is no stranger to these questions. They have led to the development of a variety of feminist biblical hermeneutics that seek to uncover the voices of biblical women which have been silenced, ignored or forgotten. What will their emergence mean for the future of both church and society?
Limits and Hopes: Catholics and Religious Freedom in the People's Republic of China
Authors: King Geoffrey
Published: August 2017

Despite the more liberal policies of the present Chinese government, the Catholic Church in China remains very limited in its activities. It can have no voice on matters of public policy; Catholics can give no external expression to their belief in the primacy of the Pope. This state of affairs is determined as much by Chinese tradition and the economy as by Marxist ideology. But a mission of “presence” remains possible, and there seem to be no insuperable obstacles to a model of church communion which respects both papal primacy and the Chinese desire for “autonomy”.
Betty is a Prime Number: Matching Metaphors of Priesthood and Womanhood
Authors: Field Barbara L.
Published: August 2017

Religious congregations across the world are having to come to terms with the issue of the ordination of women to leadership positions – whether of priest, minister, elder or rabbi. The Anglican Church in Australia has had a long and difficult debate over whether to ordain women to the priesthood. Gender roles are socially constructed in the Church, as everywhere else. This article challenges us to see the resistance to the concept of “woman as priest” as sociological, not theological.
Patristic Christology: Through the Looking Glass of the Heretics
Authors: Chryssavgis John
Published: August 2017

Contemporary Christological developments often overlook traditional theological statements made in earlier centuries, or else undermine their importance, in an endeavour to create a non-hellenistic ontology. This article presents the traditional arguments of the Church Fathers in the period preceding the great Council of Chalcedon (451), examining them in the context of Church and salvation, while also recalling the illuminating insights of certain writers subsequently branded as heretics.
Wholeness: Ecological and Catholic?
Authors: Kelly Tony
Published: August 2017

This article ponders the possible relationships between the Catholic tradition and ecological thinking. The author suggests that the Catholic “analogical imagination” can be inspired to new proportions as it begins to absorb an ecological vision. Likewise, ecological awareness can find a wholesome religious grounding in the Catholic sense of creation, incarnation, sacrament, and natural law.
Forgotten Australian Anglican: Edward Coleridge
Authors: Cooper Austin
Published: August 2017

Edward Coleridge, cousin of the famous poet, senior master at Eton, and friend of the Tractarian leaders at Oxford, was well placed to exercise a wide influence on the Anglican Church overseas, in which he had a life-long interest. Although he never visited Australia, his friendship with Bishop Broughton of Sydney enabled him to exercise a profound and formative influence on the Anglican Communion in Australia.1
Bernard of Clairvaux: the Man behind the Image
Authors: Casey Michael
Published: August 2017

This article marks the ninth centenary of the birth of St. Bernard and offers a new reading of his character and the context in which he lived. While acknowledging the grounds for Bernard's apparent hard-nosed right-wing piety, the author also shows Bernard to be a sensitive reformer of the Church. In Bernard's subtle and passionate writings a thousand years of western tradition came alive.
What has Asia to do with Australia: Reflections on the theology of Aloysius Pieris
Authors: Hamilton Andrew
Published: August 2017

Aloysius Pieris has recently published two collections of articles written over the last ten years: An Asian Theology of Liberation and Love meets Wisdom.1 Pieris focuses on dialogue between Christianity and other religions, and in particular with Buddhism of which he is a scholar. In this article I discuss the dominant themes of Pieris’ work as they are revealed in these two collections. Then, after putting some general questions to his theological conclusions, I ask how his theology illuminates issues which face the Australian church. In my reflections I shall refer to Australian attitudes to the relationship between church and politics, which have similarities to those developed by Richard Neuhaus in the United States.
Towards a Christology of Grace
Authors: Nichol Frank
Published: August 2017

This paper explores an account of the centrality and uniqueness of Jesus Christ, taking the grace of God as its central feature. Jesus’ uniqueness consists in his being particularly claimed, designated, destined, invited, expected “from the foundation of the world” to bear and to represent God's reality. He can “rise to the invitation” only because the Father thus addresses him. The Father calls, designates, invites Jesus to be the Christ, and invites no one else. The God of faith is not the God of Deism.
Patterns of Neuroleptic Usage in Continuously Hospitalized Chronic Schizophrenic Patients: Evidence for Development of Drug Tolerance
Authors: Sramek John J. , Gaurano Valerie , Herrera John M. , Potkin Steven G.
Published: August 2017

A retrospective review of neuroleptic dosages over a five-year period in 19 chronic schizophrenic patients revealed that the majority (85 percent) had either consistent yearly increases or decreases in dosage, although clinical status remained unchanged. The authors present differences in adverse effects between the two groups and discuss the implications of their findings for the concepts of neuroleptic drug tolerance and supersensitivity psychosis.
Oral Fluoroquinolone versus Mono- Or Combination Parenteral Therapy in the Management of Bacterial Infections: a Critical Appraisal
Authors: Guay David R.P.
Published: August 2017

There has been a great deal of interest in the use of oral fluoroquinolone monotherapy rather than mono- or combination parenteral therapy in the management of serious bacterial infections. A review of the published comparative studies and abstracts indicates that, overall, oral fluoroquinolones were at least as effective as, and certainly less expensive than, the parenteral agents studied. However, the spectrum of infection types and the number of patients studied in comparative trials have been small. In addition, ofloxacin and enoxacin were underrepresented in the study material. Oral fluoroquinolones were devoid of the serious adverse effects associated with the aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and the methylthiotetrazole-containing cephalosporins. In general, the incidence of minor adverse effects were similar for the oral fluoroquinolones and comparison parenteral regimens. Meta-analysis of the published reports and abstracts revealed that the oral fluoroquinolones are as effective as parenteral mono- or combination regimens for the treatment of serious bacterial infections in selected patient populations.
Apparent Failure of Edetic Acid Chelation Therapy for the Treatment of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Wirebaugh Stewart R. , Geraets Douglas R.
Published: August 2017

Patients diagnosed with incurable or fatal diseases may seek alternatives to standard medical therapy and spend significant amounts of money for these therapies. One alternative medical therapy, chelation therapy with edetic acid (EDTA), has gained considerable popularity for the alleged treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease; however, its efficacy for this indication remains unproven and its use is controversial. We present a case in which chelation therapy was unsuccessful in treating coronary atherosclerosis and review reports that substantiate a lack of efficacy using chelation therapy in the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis. Treatment of atherosclerotic-related diseases using chelation therapy should be discouraged by health professionals. Patients should be counseled regarding the risk of improper diagnosis and treatment of their disease.
Oral Cephalosporins in Perspective
Authors: Mcleod Donald C. , Smith Gary H.
Published: August 2017

Oral cephalosporins, after 25 years of use, continue to present the clinician with a therapeutic challenge. The older agents have been extensively prescribed for ambulatory adult and pediatric patients with a wide variety of infections caused by gram-positive and some gram-negative organisms. The newer agents, cefaclor, cefuroxime axetil, and cefixime, have increased in vitro activity against beta-lactamase-secreting strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis which has made them more popular for the treatment of otitis media and respiratory tract infections in children. The new agents are also more active against most gram-negative organisms. However, clinical trials have failed to show a clear-cut superiority over older, proven therapy when used to treat infections of the respiratory tract, middle ear, skin and soft tissue, urinary tract, and bone and joints when caused by sensitive organisms. Published reports of clinical trials continue to support the recommendation that oral cephalosporins, especially the newer and more expensive agents, be reserved for second- or third-line therapy when amoxicillin, penicillin V, or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole have either failed or produced patient intolerance. Erthromycin/sulfisoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium are equally efficacious and also less expensive than cefaclor, cefuroxime axetil, and cefixime and could be considered second-line therapy prior to the use of the newer cephalosporins for infections in the ambulatory patient.
Effect on Colonization Resistance: an Important Criterion in Selecting Antibiotics
Authors: Vollaard Ernst J. , Clasener Henk A.L. , Van Saene Hendrik K.F. , Muller Niels F.
Published: August 2017

Infections in humans are most often caused by aerobic microorganisms colonizing the digestive tract. Aerobic microorganisms are constantly entering the digestive tract with food, but colonization is resisted by autochthonous anaerobic flora (microbial colonization resistance) and by host-related factors (physiologic colonization resistance). Antibiotics to which the autochthonous anaerobic flora are sensitive and that achieve sufficiently high concentrations at the sites of colonization will reduce colonization resistance. Consequently, resistant aerobic flora of the digestive tract may reach high concentrations, increasing the risk of superinfection. Therefore, when choosing antimicrobial agents for therapy, the effect on colonization resistance should be taken into account. Immunosuppressed hosts and acutely ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation can be protected from serious infections by eliminating the most dangerous species of the aerobic endogenous flora, leaving colonization resistance intact. This is called selective decolonization. This article summarizes the effects of antimicrobial agents on colonization resistance.
Multiple System Atrophy: Many Lessons from the Transcriptome
Authors: Curry-Hyde Ashton , Chen Bei Jun , Ueberham Uwe , Arendt Thomas , Janitz Michael
Published: August 2017

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a complex, multifactorial, debilitating neurodegenerative disease that is often misdiagnosed and misunderstood. MSA has two subclasses, MSA-P and MSA-C, defined by the dominance of parkinsonism or cerebellar dysfunction in the earlier stages of disease, coupled with dysautonomia. This distinction between subclasses becomes largely redundant as the disease progresses. Aggregation of α-synuclein is a clinical marker used to confirm MSA diagnoses, which can only be performed postmortem. Transcriptome profiling provides in-depth information about the diseased state and can contribute to further understanding of MSA, enabling easier and more rapid diagnosis as well as contributing to improving the quality of life of people with MSA. Currently, there is no method of diagnosing MSA with certainty, and there is no cure for this disease. This review provides an update on current advances in investigations of molecular pathology of MSA with particular focus on perturbation of individual gene expression and MSA transcriptome.
Classroom-Based Strategies to Incorporate Hypothesis Testing in Functional Behavior Assessments
Authors: Lloyd Blair P. , Weaver Emily S. , Staubitz Johanna L.
Published: August 2017

When results of descriptive functional behavior assessments are unclear, hypothesis testing can help school teams understand how the classroom environment affects a student’s challenging behavior. This article describes two hypothesis testing strategies that can be used in classroom settings: structural analysis and functional analysis. For each strategy, we (a) review relevant examples from the literature, (b) identify advantages and disadvantages, and (c) offer recommendations for when and how to use them.
Expanding Our Horizons to the Globe and Beyond
Authors: Haensly Patricia A.
Published: August 2017

The world calls enticingly to our gifted children– “Come, let us know you and you us, so that together we can work at transforming this planet called Earth.” The endless dimensions and importance of global understanding and personal interactions with people from countries all over the world have become not only our newest “virtual reality,” but also a possible actual reality.
Gifted Education and the Romance of Passion
Authors: Kaufmann Felice
Published: August 2017

Few topics in the field of education are as engaging to parents and educators of gifted youth as the role of passion in learning. We cherish the image of a classroom filled with sparkly eyed children racing to school to pursue projects they love. We devour stories of individuals who as adults have gone against the odds to follow their bliss.
Mathematics Enrichment for Talented Elementary Students
Authors: Lupkowski-Shoplik Ann E. , Kuhnel Alexis
Published: August 2017

Carnegie Mellon University's summer enrichment program for mathematically talented students
Just One Child: A Tribute to Mark
Authors: Delisle Jim
Published: August 2017

Author's Note:

Rethinking conventional wisdom is the focus of “Au Contraire.” This month's article deviates a bit from that norm, as it explores the still-evolving relationship between a gifted child and his teacher.

Sometimes, all the best ideas, theories, and educational practices need to be put aside in order to take a closer look at just one child.
Gifted Girls: Who's Limiting Whom?
Authors: Delisle James
Published: August 2017

I am the father of a son, a legal-age young man whose career pursuits cause many of my adult friends to cringe. Matt wants to be a writer, an artist, a creator. Math and science, early talents both, did not hold Matt's interest once he discovered the more ethereal life options of film and painting and prose.
Raising the Self-Esteem of on Artistically Talented Student in the Regular Classroom
Authors: Kendrick Christiane
Published: August 2017

This case study shows how art raises self-esteem in students and how art programs offer opportunities for students to be identified for gifted and talented programs. Programs offering nurturance, guidance, and challenges are needed in gifted and talented students’ lives. Without opportunities for enhanced learning, we fail to educate children to their greatest potentials.
Student Fear Number One: Presenting
Authors: Choi Eun Young
Published: August 2017

In the classroom, a teacher may ask for volunteers and find that it is always the same student raising his or her hand. Everybody else looks around, out the window, anywhere but at the teacher. Most kids don't like to get up in front of people and speak. If they have work they've prepared, they don't like to present it, although they don't seem to mind sitting in the audience and watching others talk.
Meeting Parents’ Needs
Authors: Rash Patricia King
Published: August 2017

Parents needs have often been neglected. They frequently feel alone and confused, and they regularly receive incorrect advice from well-meaning, but ill-advised sources. Educators can provide parents with knowledge about the characteristics of gifted children, how they are identified, and whether they are being educated appropriately.

Parents can learn the best ways to work with the school in their efforts to support gifted education. They can organize and participate in support groups. And finally, teachers can encourage them to get involved in activities that meet their personal needs that are unrelated to the needs of their children. GCT
Once a Teacher…
Authors: Delisle James
Published: August 2017

One of the saddest pieces of professional irony I have encountered in my career is this: the more degrees I obtained in education, the further removed I became from children. With a bachelor's degree in elementary and special education in hand, I had a not-so-subtle expectation that I would move naturally and inevitably towards administration.
Zen and the Art of Gifted Child Education
Authors: Delisle James
Published: August 2017

When I first read it in the early 1970s, Robert Pirsig's Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance left an impact on the way I lived my life and analyzed my thoughts. Ostensibly about two very different subjects–motorcycles and meaning–it is really about the search for quality in one's everyday existence.
Go Grrrls: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Gender-Specific Intervention to Reduce Sexual Risk Factors in Middle School Females
Authors: LeCroy Craig Winston , McCullough Cosgrove Jenny , Cotter Katie , Fordney Marie
Published: August 2017

Purpose. Adolescent females continue to face health consequences associated with risky sexual behaviors such as unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a gender-specific intervention targeted to early adolescent females. Method. This study used an intent to treat randomized clinical trial comparing a broad-based female empowerment curriculum with a dose-matched science and technology female leadership curriculum. The sample ( N = 801) was recruited from schools and was implemented in community-based settings mostly in an after school context. Assessments were conducted at baseline, postintervention, 6-, and 18-month follow-up time periods. Results. Both groups in the study obtained good implementation and engagement. The average attendance rate was 81% of program sessions. There were significant differences between the two groups favoring the intervention group on measures of sexually transmitted disease knowledge and condom technical skills. On a measure of condom self-efficacy, there was a significant trend. At the postassessment, there was a significant difference on the intentions to reduce sexual risk behaviors. Both the intervention and control groups made gains on the self-assertive behavior scale. Conclusions. Gender-specific programs for early adolescent females can help reduce indicators that are related to sexual risk reduction. More long-term follow-up is needed to assess impact on sexual behaviors. Efforts directed at a younger population of females should continue to be researched for potential in reducing sexual risks.
A comprehensive numerical model for double-layered porous air journal bearing at higher bearing numbers
Authors: Kumar M Phani , De Sudipta , Samanta Pranab , Murmu Naresh Chandra
Published: August 2017

Modeling air/gas lubricated double-layered porous journal bearing requires the solution of compressible Reynolds equation. It is observed that at higher bearing numbers, treatment of Reynolds equation with finite difference method using second-order central difference exhibits instabilities due to convective term dominance. To address such instabilities, Reynolds equation is discretized using finite volume and a third-order interpolation scheme to obtain variable values at grid point centers. Multistage Runge–Kutta method and biconjugate gradient stabilized method are used for solving governing equations at film and porous regions, respectively. Steady state and stability characteristics of finite double-layered porous air journal bearings considering Beavers–Joseph velocity slip at porous-film interface are obtained. Numerically stable results are obtained for bearing numbers up to 150 and feeding parameter values ranging from 0.01 to 10.
Effects of frictional heat on the tribological properties of Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composite containing graphene nanoplatelets under different loads
Authors: Huang Yuchun , Shi Xiaoliang , Yang Kang , Liu Xiyao , Wang Zhihai
Published: August 2017

In order to analyze the effects of frictional heat on the tribological performance of Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composite containing 6.2 vol.% graphene nanoplatelets (NB), the dry sliding friction tests of Ni3Al-based alloy and NB against GCr15 steel ball are undertaken under different loads from 3 to 18 N. The effects of different amount of frictional heat on the friction and wear mechanism of NB are also studied. The results show that tribological performance of NB is better than that of Ni3Al-based alloy under same working conditions. The addition of graphene nanoplatelets promotes the formation of stable glaze layer on worn surface. In addition, graphene nanoplatelets enhance the thermal conductivity of NB, which makes the surface temperature of wear scar of NB in a proper range (about 413 ℃) at 13 N and avoids the serious friction and wear caused by the accumulation of frictional heat. At 13 N, NB shows the lower friction coefficient (0.32) and wear rate (3.6 × 10−5 mm3·N−1·m−1). It is attributed to the appropriate local temperature (about 413 ℃) of worn surface, resulting in the formation of stable glaze layer with good friction reducing and wear resistance on worn surface. This study was meaningful for optimizing applied loads to realize the appropriate frictional heat and good tribological behavior of NB.
Can low-cost long-haul carriers replace Charter airlines in the long-haul market? A European perspective
Authors: Rodríguez Andrea Martín , O’Connell John F
Published: August 2017

Charter airlines operating all-inclusive vacation packages on the short-haul European market are quickly being replaced by low-cost carriers. The business model of low-cost carriers is now evolving to capture the long-haul travel segment and consequentially could replace the all-inclusive package holidays provided by the Charter airlines in this market. The research deduces that this will not transpire. The study extrapolates the opinions from experts who resonate that three pivotal cornerstones the differentiate Charter airlines from low-cost long-haul carriers which comprise of its destination expertise, Air Travel Organiser Licence affiliation and its horizontally integrated multifaceted enterprise. A passenger survey directed exclusively at passengers travelling on Charter airlines to long-haul destinations in Latin America found that vacationers aged 56 years and older together with families would not opt to vacation on low-cost long-haul airlines.
Two is a perfect number: Patient–doctor relationship and patient attachment style in palliative care
Authors: Zaporowska-Stachowiak Iwona , Stachowiak Katarzyna , Stachnik Katarzyna
Published: August 2017

We tested the association between the palliative patient’s attachment style and the patient–doctor relationship, by means of Revised Adult Attachment Scale and a self-designed, patient–doctor relationship questionnaire. The study included 110 (52 M, 58 F) cancer, hospice patients, aged 36–80 years. We observed 54 percent of secure, 18 percent of dismissive, 9 percent of preoccupied, and 19 percent of fearful styles. Securely attached patients developed significantly ( p < .05) better relationships with doctors than insecure patients. There was no difference in the quality of the patient–doctor relationship among dismissive versus preoccupied versus fearful patients. We argue that attachment theory should be applied in palliative care to improve patients’ quality of life and dying.
‘Normalized’ Pride? Pride parade participants in six European countries
Authors: Peterson Abby , Wahlström Mattias , Wennerhag Magnus
Published: August 2017

Based on quantitative survey data collected during Pride parades in six European countries – the Czech Republic, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland – we analyse who participates in Pride parades. Engaging with the so-called protest normalization thesis we ask: are Pride parade participants, aside from sexual orientation, representative of the wider populace? In none of the countries could we find indications that Pride participants mirror the general populations. The parades remain dominated by well-educated, middle strata youth, rich in political resources. However, we find variation between countries, which we link to differences in elite and public support for LGBT rights.
Association between socioeconomic and health factors and edentulism in people aged 65 and older – a population-based survey
Authors: Olofsson Hanna , Ulander Eva Lena , Gustafson Yngve , Hörnsten Carl
Published: August 2017

Aims: To study edentulism and use of dental services in a population-based sample of people aged 65 years and older from northern Sweden and western Finland. Methods: In 2010, people aged 65, 70, 75 and 80 years who were living in one of 32 municipalities in northern Sweden and western Finland were invited to answer a questionnaire as part of the Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) study ( n = 6099). The questionnaire contained items related to socioeconomic status, general health and edentulism. Results: The prevalence of edentulism was 34.9% in Finland, compared with 20.6% in Sweden ( p < 0.001), 31.9% in rural areas, compared with 20.9% in urban areas ( p < 0.001), and 25% overall. The prevalence of edentulism rose from 17.8% in 65-year-olds, 23.8% in 70-year-olds, 33.5% in 75-year-olds and 37.3% in 80-year-olds ( p < 0.001), and was 23.8% in women, compared with 27% in men ( p < 0.001). In multivariate models, edentulism was associated with lower educational level (odds ratio (OR) 2.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31–3.58), low income level (OR 1.7, CI 1.09–1.47), residence in a rural area (OR 1.43, CI 1.23–1.66), male sex (OR 1.30, CI 1.12–1.52), dependence in instrumental activities of daily living (OR 1.48, CI 1.25–1.74), social isolation (OR 1.52, CI 1.17–1.98) and poor self-experienced health (OR 1.38, CI 1.17–1.62). Conclusions: One-quarter of the total sample was edentulous, with a higher prevalence of edentulism in Finland than in Sweden and in rural than in urban areas. Edentulism was associated with socioeconomic, psychological and health-related factors. These findings could be used to inform preventive measures and identify people aged 65 years and older who are in need of oral care.
“I see your garbage”: Participatory practices and literacy privilege on “Grammar Nazi” Facebook pages in different sociolinguistic contexts
Authors: Švelch Jaroslav , Sherman Tamah
Published: August 2017

In contemporary online culture, Grammar Nazi (GN) is a derogatory term used to label individuals who practice excessive language policing but has also been ironically appropriated by groups of users who engage in evaluation of other people’s grammar for entertainment purposes. In this article, we combine approaches from media studies and sociolinguistics to analyze the adoption of the phenomenon by two GN Facebook pages in two languages: English and Czech. Our mixed-method analysis shows that while both pages can be read as examples of media participation, they also exemplify their users’ “literacy privilege” associated with standard language ideology. However, there are differences in the practices associated with the label, reflecting the specific sociolinguistic contexts. While Czech GNs act as “guardians” of the public space, collecting and displaying localized orthographic errors for collective dissection, the English page is more dedicated to sharing jokes and puns typical of international online culture.
The command economy as an adaptive structure
Authors: Hilbert Richard E , Wright Charles
Published: August 2017

We open with a discussion of the Parsonian solution to the ‘problem of order’ in human societies, emphasising the functional significance of ‘adaptive structures’ in that solution. Adaptive structures adapt the dominant structure of a society to the realistic conditions of its existence. We then argue that the Command Economy of World War II is an example of an adaptive structure in that it adapted the American system of free-enterprise capitalism to the threat to its cultural boundaries posed by the Axis powers. Precisely because they are alternatives to the dominant structure, adaptive structures must be institutionalised. But their legitimacy must be conditional, and there must be mechanisms in place to prevent them from becoming the dominant structure, that is, to prevent the ‘tail from wagging the dog’. We deal with both features of the situation surrounding the Command Economy of World War II. Finally, we deal with arguably the most important change in the structure of American society that can be traced to the Command Economy of World War II, the Military-Industrial Complex and the National Security State to which it is related.
How is history possible? Georg Simmel on empathy and realism
Authors: Schwartz Barry
Published: August 2017

Georg Simmel’s The Problems of the Philosophy of History: An Epistemological Essay, along with related works, proposes that history is largely a reflection of how well the historian can penetrate the mind of his or her subject. He rejects realism, but if scholars do not know events as they essentially were, they cannot know how much of their empathy-based knowledge is warped by their own perspective and how much is authentic. Given George Herbert Mead’s analytical account of reflexive interaction and the recently discovered neural basis of empathy and its dependence on context, the present study shows Simmel’s work to be far more plausible than it seemed over the past century. This essay not only demonstrates where Simmel’s empathy-based argument succeeds and fails but also clarifies his view on the nature of historical reality and how the historian’s perspective clarifies as well as distorts his sources. In the process, Simmel’s philosophy of history is placed in a lineage ranging from Wilhelm Dilthey, Heinrich Rickert, and Max Weber to R. S. Collingswood, Robert Darnton, and other contemporary cultural historians.