bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medyada Filistin İşgali ve Uluslararası İnsancıl Hukuk
Authors: ÖZTURANLI Beyza
Published: January 2024

Elli yılı aşkın süredir işgal altında olan Filistin, 7 Ekim 2023 tarihinde Hamas’ın, İsrail ülkesinde düzenlediği saldırı sonrası İsrail askeri güçlerinin ağır karşı saldırılarına maruz kalmıştır. İsrail’in işgal ve abluka politikaları açıkça soykırım suçunu ve uluslararası insancıl hukuk ihlallerini işaret ederken, medya organlarının, İsrail askeri operasyonlarının meşruiyet sorunu, Hamas eylemleri ve Filistin’deki çatışmaların nedenleri ve sonuçları hakkında yer verdiği haberler pozitif hukuk kurallarının yorumlanması ve uygulanmasını etkilemektedir. 1967’den beri devam eden Filistin işgalinde, uluslararası hukuk ve bu minvalde insancıl hukuk çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesi gereken devlet ya da devlet dışı aktörlerin gerçekleştirdiği şiddet içeren eylemlerinin, medya unsurları tarafından aktarılma şekli, uluslararası insancıl hukukun uygulanma(ma)sı bakımından önem arz etmektedir.
Psychological well-being of patients with arthritis: impact of psychological distress on quality of life, and patient satisfaction
Authors: Sameera Shafiq  , Quratulain Muhammad  , Zunaira Sajid
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which individual’s immune system attack healthy cells in one’s body and giving rise to inflammation. Recently, it has been found to be manifested in individuals with stress-related diagnosis. This study investigates how psychological distress, quality of life, patient satisfaction, and the role of pharmacists affect the psychological well-being of patients who have received medical diagnoses of different forms of arthritis.

METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Psychology University of Gujrat during 1st January to 30th August, 2022. A sample of 380 patients already diagnosed with arthritis by the physicians was taken by Purposive sampling technique, from various orthopedic hospitals. A demographic sheet, and Urdu versions of Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale DASS-21, WHO QOL-BREF, Patient Satisfaction with Pharmacist Services Questionnaire and Flourishing Scale were used to assess psychological distress, quality of life, doctor patient satisfaction and psychological well-being in arthritis patients.

RESULTS: The study results showed that there is a significant negative correlation between quality of life and psychological distress (r= -.11, p<0.01). Well-being and quality of life are positively correlated (r=.68, p<0.01). 57% variance in wellbeing of the patients with arthritis is explainable due to the presence of psychological distress, and perceived quality of life.

CONCLUSION: The well-being of individuals diagnosed with arthritis can be strongly predicted by their levels of psychological distress and their perceived quality of life. This study delves into the implications of these findings.
Cost and Time Efficiency Analysis of Manual and e-Procurement Systems in Roads and Highways Department: Tender Advertising Issue Perspective
Authors: Rashid Md. Abdur , Uddin Mohammad Shorif
Published: January 2024

Public procurement is a vital process to procure goods, works and services, ensuring accountability that ensures cost and time-savings. Roads and Highways Departments (RHD) is a big department chosen as a target population for this study. All RHD Procurement Entities (PE) use manual and e-procurement tendering systems. However, cost and time reduction is a considerable barrier to RHD procurement. The manual tendering procedure is costly and time-consuming since it requires big-size tender advertisements in print media like daily papers. In RHD, however, no comparative analysis of the efficiency in the cost and time context of tender advertising has been explored. Therefore, using a stratified sampling method, the RHD's e-Procurement-related PE officers were chosen as a sample. The mean value of advertisement cost and time of the e-tender system and the manual tender system as a continuous normally distributed variable was utilized to compare two groups using the independent samples t-test model. The study's novel contribution is the comparison of efficiency in terms of cost and time context between two sets of manual and e-tender advertisements. According to the survey results, the e-procurement system showed lower cost and time involved in the tender advertising comparing manual tender. The results will also aid academicians and students and improvements to e-GP policy standards.
Sistema de Reconocimiento de Objetos como Apoyo a Personas Invidentes
Authors: Martínez Cancino Diana Paulina
Published: January 2024

La discapacidad involucra diferentes limitantes con las que convive día a día el individuo que la sufre. La discapacidad visual hace referencia a una pérdida parcial o total de la visión, mediante la cual el individuo interactúa con los elementos de su entorno. Se estima que aproximadamente el 48% de personas que padecen algún tipo de discapacidad presentan limitantes visuales, lo cual les ocasiona dificultades en actividades y espacios cotidianos. Uno de los ámbitos más afectados para estas personas constituye la movilidad, dados los obstáculos variados con los que se pueden encontrar. Para brindar alternativas a esta problemática existen herramientas como los bastones que le permiten al usuario detectar objetos y poder esquivarlos. Sin embargo, estas herramientas presentan limitantes que, en últimos años, han intentado ser cubiertas por técnicas de visión artificial. Este proyecto implementa redes neuronales a través de algoritmos de visión para construir un sistema que pueda ser de utilidad para la población en mención. Los resultados obtenidos nos muestran que hacer uso del algoritmo YOLO en su versión 5 resulta efectivo en un 94.29% para detectar objetos a través de una cámara web y que incluso se pueden realizar detecciones de diferentes objetos al mismo tiempo. Este tipo de algoritmos pueden ser implementados como sistemas móviles para facilitar el tránsito a los usuarios con discapacidad visual. Finalmente, es importante incluir la mayor cantidad de categorías posibles al desarrollar el algoritmo para asegurar que la persona cuente con suficiente información para realizar su desplazamiento.
La Complejidad en las Organizaciones Educativas: Aproximación a un Modelo Teórico
Authors: Fuentes Penna Alejandro , Gómez Cárdenas Raúl , González Ibarra Juan de Dios
Published: January 2024

Las ciencias sociales y humanas están desarrollando e incorporando elementos de la complejidad que permitan estudiar la turbulencia y el cambio constante de los entornos y de la dinámica social y económica que afectan a las empresas y organizaciones. Por su parte, las instituciones educativas, inmersas en esta realidad compleja, se encuentran en una constante evolución y reestructuración tanto cognitiva como relacional, buscando identificar y vincular los procesos de diferenciación e integración que se presentan al interior de las organizaciones a partir de su comportamiento y de su diseño organizativo, para poder responder y adaptarse a esta dinámica compleja. En este marco, la búsqueda y definición de estrategias y modelos que permitan afrontar exitosamente la complejidad por parte de las organizaciones, se ha convertido en una importante línea de investigación en las ciencias sociales y humanas, a la que este trabajo pretende aportar, mediante una revisión documental de los diferentes autores que contribuyen a esta temática; una investigación descriptiva que caracteriza la evolución de las organizaciones en la dinámica compleja y, finalmente, integrando una propuesta que integre los elementos encontrados. Esta investigación propone un modelo teórico que rescata como marco de referencia los constructos de complejidad cognitiva y relacional, buscando contribuir a la comprensión de la influencia del contexto y la dinámica complejas sobre el comportamiento de las organizaciones, así como formulando proposiciones explicativas sobre la gestión de la complejidad en las instituciones educativas, que permitan definir nuevas líneas de investigación para desarrollos posteriores.
Enfermedad de Freiberg en Niño de 8 Años. Reporte de Caso
Authors: Vélez Hidalgo Claudia Lilibeth , Pallo Lasluisa Karen Estefanía , Cueva Sambonino Ayrton Ariel , Moreno Romero Pablo Andrés , Ordoñez Albia Christopher Daniel
Published: January 2024

La enfermedad de Freiberg, originalmente llamada invasión de Freiberg, que significa fractura incompleta, es una forma de necrosis de la cabeza del metatarsiano caracterizada por cambios en la condrogénesis y la osteogénesis en huesos previamente normales, afectando más comúnmente al segundo metatarsiano. Se caracteriza por dolor en la zona adyacente al hueso afectado, generalmente asociado a la actividad física, que empeora con la palpación y limitación del apoyo del pie. La causa es desconocida; Al igual que en otras osteocondritis, se cree que el suministro sanguíneo reducido y los cambios histológicos secundarios están relacionados con microtraumatismos repetidos que causan daño a los centros de crecimiento primarios en etapas importantes del desarrollo. Se asocia con daño primario en el segundo metatarsiano, ya que es el dedo más largo, por lo que el zapato está sometido a una mayor compresión con respecto al eje longitudinal, lo que produce daño en la epífisis. Se reporta paciente masculino de 8 años que refiere metatarsalgia en pie izquierdo con evolución desde hace 1 mes.
Niveles de Estrés post Pandemia en Docentes de las Instituciones Educativas Primarias de la Ciudad de Puno 2022
Authors: Quispe Quispe Yan Carlo , Aguilar Asqui Melissa Luz , Aguilar Asqui Soledad , Quispe yucra Dominga , Velasquez Monzon Giovanna
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: fue determinar el nivel de estrés post pandemia de los docentes de las Instituciones Educativas Primaria de la ciudad de Puno 2022.  Metodología: fue de enfoque cualitativo, Nivel descriptivo, tipo básica,  diseño no experimental, la población estuvo conformada por 112 docentes a quienes se les aplicó como técnica la encuesta la cual permitió la recolección de los datos y como instrumento la “Escala ED-6” diseñado para medir el nivel de estrés docente, ocasionado por ansiedad; depresión y presión laboral; desmotivación y mal afrontamiento luego del retorno a las clases presenciales,  para el análisis de los resultados la estadística empleada fue descriptiva y Excel -SPSS.V.26. Resultados:  Muestran que el 97.3% de los docentes presentan un nivel bajo de afectación de estrés con una media de (1.98) siendo estas por ansiedad dando un 92.7%; depresión y presión laboral un 100%; desmotivación y mal afrontamiento en un 100%. luego del retorno a las clases presenciales. Por lo tanto,  Conclusión:  Se concluye que los docentes de la IEP de la ciudad de Puno presentan un nivel de estrés bajo y no se vieron afectados significativamente tanto a nivel físico, psicológico y emocionalmente luego del retorno a las clases presenciales.
Reporte de Caso: Síndrome Postcolecistectomía Secundario a Remanente de Muñón Vesicular
Authors: Santos Macedo Gonzalo Nicanor , López Viurquiz Uriel de Jesús , Sánchez Servín Cristian Esteban
Published: January 2024

La colelitiasis es una entidad frecuente a nivel mundial, en México, alrededor del 20% de los hombres y entre el 40% y el 50% de las mujeres sufren de colelitiasis1, como complicación de la litiasis vesicular se puede presentar un cuadro de colecistitis aguda, requiriendo para esta condición patología la extirpación de la vesícula biliar, la colecistectomía considera el tratamiento de elección para el manejo de los pacientes con colecistitis3, a pesar de ser un procedimiento generalmente seguro existe complicaciones reportadas en la bibliografía, una de ellas es el síndrome postcolecistectomía, que se define como la recurrencia de síntomas similares a los experimentados antes de la colecistectomía8, la incidencia reportada en la bibliografía es bastante variable, algunos autores reportan que se presenta hasta en el 47% de los pacientes colecistectomizados. Existen múltiples causas de este síndrome, una de ellas es la existencia de remanentes vesiculares o conductos císticos largos.  Se reporta el caso de una paciente colecistectomizada, quien 4 años posteriores a su intervención quirúrgica presenta cuadro de dolor abdominal en hipocondrio derecho, se inicia abordaje con laboratoriales, ecografía y tomografía, integrandose diagnóstico de colecistitis de remanente vesicular.
Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity is Associated with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis: A Secondary Analysis Based on A Korean Population
Authors: Zhou Yaping , Shang Xiuli , Tang Weizhen , Ni Jun
Published: January 2024

The estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) was recently proposed to indicate artery stiffness. Although arterial stiffness contributes to intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS), the correlation between ePWV and ICAS remains unclear. This secondary analysis included 1,011 neurologically healthy Korean participants from a cross-sectional database to explore the association between ePWV and prevalent ICAS. Brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was performed for all patients at their presentation to access the ICAS. The ePWV was derived as: ePWV = 9.587 − 0.402 × age + 4.560 × 10 −3 × age2 − 2.621 × 10-5 × age2 × mean blood pressure (MBP) + 3.176 × 10-3 × age × MBP – 1.832 ×10-2 × MBP. The prevalence of ICAS was 9.99% (n=101). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, per 1m/s increment of ePWV causes 1.36 times the risk of ICAS prevalence after fully adjusting potential confounders. When dividing ePWV into tertiles, the ICAS risk increased by 1.98 times when ePWV increased from the first tertile to the third tertile. Moreover, the relationship between ePWV and ICAS was linear and robust, as suggested by smooth curve fitting and stratification analysis. In conclusion, the ePWV was positively and independently associated with prevalent ICAS in the Korean population.
The Effect of Inflation on Fund Supply of Participation Banks: An Application to Türkiye with ARDL Approach
Authors: DİLBER Caner , HATİPOĞLU Mercan
Published: January 2024

The primary economic variable that threatens price stability is inflation. Since inflation directly affects the quality of life standards of every individual living in a country, it is one of the most important problems for economies. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of inflation on the fund supply of participation banks. The relationship between the amount of funds offered to the market by participation banks operating in Turkey and the CPI values were analyzed at monthly frequency for the period between of 2012-2022. In order to determine the stationary of the series, the structural break ADF unit root test were used and ARDL were preferred as the estimation model. According to the results of the analysis, inflation affects the fund supply of participation banks negatively in the short term. On the other hand, a positive significant relationship between inflation and participation banks fund supply was found in the long run. All in all in an inflationary environment, the loans offered by the participation banks to the markets follow a U-shaped trend, first decreasing and then increasing and increases in inflation rates threaten the credit growth of participation banks. In addition, we pointed out that it is a necessity to bring inflation rates to a modarate level so that participation banks are not excluded from financial markets in Turkey.
A Household-Level Investigation of Women Empowerment and Migration Intention: The Case of Afghanistan
Authors: KARAPINAR KOCAĞ Esra
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the relationship between two important concerns, which are migration intentions of households and women empowerment in the case of Afghanistan where migration is a process that continues from its history to the present, and international indicators shows a quite bad picture on women empowerment or gender equality. It is obvious that women in this country presents a great vulnerability and they need to be empowered. However, it is not that obvious whether their empowerment is associated with migration intention of households. Therefore, this paper questions how and in which way the empowerment of women as a vulnerable group within different segments of Afghan society influence migration intention of households. Findings show that women empowerment measures, that are Women_leader, Women_support, Women_job, and Girls_edu, do not significantly influence migration intentions of households when they exist separately. However, it significantly influence migration intentions when they are allowed to interact together. It might be said that empowerment of women from political, social, and economic aspects that are presented by four of abovementioned measures is important to explain potential movements of population. Besides, there is significant regional differences to explain migration intentions. These findings are expected to be useful for policy makers on migration policies.
Döviz Kuru ve Ekonomik Güven İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: ŞEKER Hilal , KARANFİL Nagehan
Published: January 2024

Ekonomiye dair beklentiler ve ekonomik güven iktisadi aktörlerin davranışlarına yön veren temel faktörlerdendir. İktisadi aktörlerin davranışları pek çok makro iktisadi değişkeni etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı Türkiye ekonomisi için kur değişkeni ile ekonomik güven endeksleri arasındaki ilişkileri ortaya koymaktır. Bunun için reel kur değişkeni ile; tüketici güven endeksi, reel kesim güven endeksi, kredi temerrüt takası (CDS primi) ve kontrol değişkeni olarak da sanayi üretim endeksi arasındaki ilişkiler 2011-2023 dönemi için aylık verilerle ARDL sınır testi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular uzun dönemde reel kur ile; tüketici güven endeksi arasında negatif; sanayi üretim endeksi ile pozitif ve istatistikî açıdan anlamlı ilişkilerin varlığını göstermektedir. Öte yandan reel kur ile reel kesim güven endeksi ve CDS primi arasında istatistikî açıdan anlamlı bir bulguya rastlanmamıştır. Kısa dönemde ise reel kur ile; CDS primi arasında negatif; reel kesim güven endeksi ve tüketici güven endeksi ile pozitif; sanayi üretim endeksi ile negatif ve istatistikî açıdan anlamlı ilişkileri işaret etmektedir.
Temettü Verimi ile Karlılık Oranları Arasındaki İlişki: Borsa İstanbul Temettü 25 Endeksinde Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÇİLEK Arif , ŞEYRANLIOĞLU Onur
Published: January 2024

Temettü verimi hisse senedi yatırımcılarına uzun vadede düzenli ve sürekli gelir getirmesi bakımından önemli bir gösterge olduğundan, hisse senedi piyasalarında yatırımcılar temettü dağıtan şirketlere portföylerinde öncelik vermektedirler. Bu çalışmada, Borsa İstanbul Temettü 25 endeksinde işlem gören şirketlerin 2020-2022 döneminde temettü verimi ile karlılık oranları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Şirketlerin karlılık sıralamalarının belirlenmesinde aktif karlılığı, esas faaliyet kar marjı, FAVÖK marjı, net kar marjı, özsermaye karlılığı, ROİC ve ROCE oranı değerlendirme kriteri olarak çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Değerlendirme kriterleri objektif ağırlıklandırma yöntemi olan CRITIC yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılmıştır. Gri İlişkisel Analiz yöntemi kullanılarak şirketlerin karlılık oranlarına göre gri ilişki dereceleri belirlenerek büyükten küçüğe doğru sıralanmıştır. Önem ağırlığı en yüksek kriter 2020 ve 2022 yılında özsermaye karlılığı olurken, 2021 yılında ise ROCE oranı olmuştur. 2020-2022 döneminde önem ağırlığı en düşük kriter ise aktif karlılığı oranı olarak belirlenmiştir. Gri ilişkisel derecelere göre karlılığı en yüksek şirketler 2020 yılında EGEEN, GWIND ve TTRAK, 2021 yılında EGEEN, TTRAK ve GWIND, 2022 yılında GWIND, TTRAK ve TOASO olarak tespit edilmiştir. BIST Temettü 25 endeksinde işlem gören şirketlerin temettü verimi ile GİA ile ölçülen karlılık sıralaması arasında 2020 ve 2022 yıllarında pozitif bir ilişki, 2021 yılında negatif bir ilişki olduğu ancak bu ilişkinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
REVITALISASI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR TALUMELITO REGIONAL PROVINSI GORONTALO
Authors: Moha Devie Indriany , - Yuliatin
Published: January 2024

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang lebih tinggi di Provinsi Gorontalo berdampak pada meningkatnya tingkat konsumsi masyarakat dan aktivitas lainnya. Hal ini tentunya akan berdampak pada peningkatan volume limbah/limbah yang dihasilkan yang lebih dikenal dengan limbah domestik. Lindi adalah air yang terbentuk di tempat pembuangan sampah. Air ini melarutkan banyak senyawa dalam limbah sehingga memiliki kandungan pencemar yang sangat tinggi, terutama bahan organik. Lindi akan terbentuk jika ada air dari luar yang meresap ke dalam timbunan sampah (misalnya air permukaan, air hujan, air tanah atau sumber lainnya), kemudian mengisi rongga-rongga di dalam sampah, dan bila kapasitasnya telah melebihi kapasitas tekanan air sampah, kemudian cairan akan keluar dan mengekstraksi bahan organik dan anorganik yang dihasilkan dari proses fisika, kimia dan biologi yang terjadi pada limbah. Kualitas lindi biasanya banyak mengandung bahan organik sehingga jika tidak diolah dengan baik akan mencemari air tanah dan air permukaan. Kualitas lindi akan tergantung pada beberapa hal seperti variasi dan proporsi komponen sampah yang ditimbun, curah hujan dan musim, umur timbunan, pola operasional, dan waktu pengambilan sampel.
INTEGRATED REPORTING AS A MODEL FOR SUSTAINABILITY MANAGEMENT REPORTING: THE CASE OF NORTHEASTERN EUROPEAN AIRPORTS
Authors: Uzule Kristine
Published: January 2024

In their annual and sustainability reports, many companies assert their adherence to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. The validity of such claims might be questioned if they are not substantiated with financial information and descriptions of value-creation projections. One framework that can show how SDGs are achieved is integrated reporting (). In contrast to traditional sustainability reports,  encourages the integrated analysis of financial and non-financial information for six capital types within the company’s business model, which enables measuring the achievement of sustainability targets. Among many advantages of  related to sustainability is also the analysis of value creation processes in the long term, which generates evidence-based projections of future performance, not merely a reflection on past activities. The aim of this research was to determine if Northeastern European airports apply the  framework to their annual sustainability communications with stakeholders. The major research finding indicates that these airports do not use the  framework in their annual sustainability reporting. However, given the inclusion of  features in their reports and a recent tendency of other airports to adopt , this finding can be a sign of transition to  for annual sustainability reporting.
The Peak of the Fallback Rate from Tidal Disruption Events: Dependence on Stellar Type
Authors: Bandopadhyay Ananya , Fancher Julia , Athian Aluel , Indelicato Valentino , Kapalanga Sarah , Kumah Angela , Paradiso Daniel A. , Todd Matthew , Coughlin Eric R. , Nixon C. J.
Published: January 2024

A star completely destroyed in a tidal disruption event (TDE) ignites a luminous flare that is powered by the fallback of tidally stripped debris to a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of mass M
•. We analyze two estimates for the peak fallback rate in a TDE, one being the “frozen-in” model, which predicts a strong dependence of the time to peak fallback rate, t
peak, on both stellar mass and age, with 15 days ≲ t
peak ≲ 10 yr for main sequence stars with masses 0.2 ≤ M
⋆/M
⊙ ≤ 5 and M
• = 106
M
⊙. The second estimate, which postulates that the star is completely destroyed when tides dominate the maximum stellar self-gravity, predicts that t
peak is very weakly dependent on stellar type, with

t

peak

=

23.2
±
4.0

days

M

•

/

10

6

M

⊙

1

/

2

for 0.2 ≤ M
⋆/M
⊙ ≤ 5, while

t

peak

=

29.8
±
3.6

days

M

•

/

10

6

M

⊙

1

/

2

for a Kroupa initial mass function truncated at 1.5M
⊙. This second estimate also agrees closely with hydrodynamical simulations, while the frozen-in model is discrepant by orders of magnitude. We conclude that (1) the time to peak luminosity in complete TDEs is almost exclusively determined by SMBH mass, and (2) massive-star TDEs power the largest accretion luminosities. Consequently, (a) decades-long extra-galactic outbursts cannot be powered by complete TDEs, including massive-star disruptions, and (b) the most highly super-Eddington TDEs are powered by the complete disruption of massive stars, which—if responsible for producing jetted TDEs—would explain the rarity of jetted TDEs and their preference for young and star-forming host galaxies.
A Near-half-century Simulation of the Solar Corona
Authors: Aslanyan Valentin , Meyer Karen A. , Scott Roger B. , Yeates Anthony R.
Published: January 2024

We present an overview of results from a magnetofrictional model of the entire solar corona over a period of 47 yr. The simulation self-consistently reproduces decades of solar phenomena, varying in duration between rapid eruptions and the long-term solar cycles, from an input of observed active regions emerging at the photosphere. We have developed a geometric approach to use magnetic helicity to identify and localize the frequent eruptions that occur in the simulation. This method allows us to match our results to extreme-ultraviolet observations of transient events. We have analyzed the evolving magnetic topology by computing the squashing factor and segmenting the corona into discrete magnetic domains bounded by the Separatrix-Web. The simulations show a more dynamic structure to the Separatrix-Web than is predicted by potential field models, which may explain solar wind observations.
CBCT Imaging and Root Canal Treatment for Taurodontism in Mandibular Second Molar - A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tian Xiufen , Qiao Junxia , Guo Na , Liu Kun , Li Keyi
Published: January 2024

The mandibular second molar exhibits a wide range of intricate root canal variations, which can present challenges and difficulties in achieving successful root canal treatment. This report focuses on two specific cases involving a root canal variation in a typical taurodontism of the mandibular second molar. To provide a comprehensive analysis and illustration of the anatomical structure of intraoral taurodontism and the important considerations for root canal treatment, we utilized advanced imaging techniques such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and a dental microscope. By combining these tools, we were able to gain a deeper understanding of the complex root canal system and make informed decisions during the treatment process.
Exploring the primary health facility availability, health control, drug consumption, and healthy living behavior among patients with hypertension
Authors: Israfil Israfil , Yusuf Ah , Efendi Ferry , Making Maria Agustina , Buntari Agustini Ni Luh Putu Inca
Published: January 2024

Hypertension has been identified as a causative factor for cardiovascular disease, a leading global cause of death. The accessibility of health services plays a pivotal role in shaping community awareness and engagement in hypertension management. This research aimed to explore the availability of primary health facilities, health control practices, drug consumption, and healthy living behaviors among individuals with hypertension. Utilizing a correlation study with a cross-sectional design, the sample comprised 130 hypertensive individuals selected through purposive sampling. Statistical analysis used the Spearman rho correlation test. The findings revealed that significant correlations between primary health facility availability and health control behavior (α=0.000, r=0.310), antihypertensive drug consumption behavior (α=0.000, r=0.461), and healthy lifestyle behavior (α=0.000, r=0.478) among hypertensive patients. These results underscore the relationship between the availability of primary health facilities and the behavior of hypertensive patients in terms of health control, drug consumption, and healthy lifestyle choices within the community. While the full implementation of these behaviors among hypertensive patients may not be optimal, the observed good availability of primary health facilities serves as an initial step to promote improved behaviors in the management and prevention of hypertension complications within the community.
Role, Knowledge, and Readiness of Medical Undergraduate Students and Factors Influencing their Willingness to Participate in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sahi Puneet Kaur , Gupta Arpita , Chakraborti Annesha , Mandal Anirban
Published: January 2024

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic placed a high demand for health-care professionals coupled with their decreased availability. In this study, we aimed to determine the medical students’ perception of their role and preparedness during the COVID-19 pandemic and their knowledge of the same. We also determined the factors influencing the knowledge scores and willingness of medical students to help during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2021. Medical students in any year of their M.B.B.S, enrolled in various medical colleges across India, who spoke English and were able to fill out the predesigned online questionnaire, were eligible for participation after an implied informed consent.

Results:

Seven hundred and sixty-four responses were obtained from undergraduate medical students (32.5% 1st preclinical, 17.8% 2nd para-clinical, 29.1% 3rd clinical, and 20.6% 4th clinical) with representations from 20 different states of India. Among the respondents, 57.2% wanted to contribute to the management of the pandemic, although only 50.8% felt mentally ready and a paltry 2.2% felt knowledge ready. While 69.8% of respondents were ready to help in ways not requiring direct patient contact, 35.5% were willing to engage in direct patient contact. The average total knowledge score was 12.67/20. Students in Government Institutes (P < 0.00001), senior years (P < 0.0001), who received online training (P < 0.00006) and referred to reliable sources of information (P = 0.001) had better knowledge scores. Those in senior years (P < 0.0001), better knowledge scores (P = 0.0026), lesser fear of infecting themselves (P = 0.0004), and better mental readiness (P < 0.0001) were more willing to fight against the pandemic.

Conclusions:

Medical students may be deployed in tasks not involving direct patient contact amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Those who volunteer may be involved in supervised direct patient care. Students may be better equipped to fight the pandemic by online training and dissemination of knowledge through reliable sources with an emphasis on methods to protect self.
Study of Expression of p63 and Ki-67 in Normal, Dysplastic, and Malignant Lesions of Oral Mucosa
Authors: Shevra Chhaya Rani , Singh Mayank , Singh Bhupendra , Yadav Jitendra
Published: January 2024

Background:

The oral cavity is the most common site of cancer in the Indian subcontinent contributing to one-third of all cancers. The prognosis of oral dysplasia and malignant lesions can be predicted by both clinicopathological parameters and molecular markers.

Aims and Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to examine and compare the expression profile of cell cycle regulatory proteins p63 and Ki-67 in normal dysplastic and malignant lesions of oral mucosa and its correlation with prognosis.

Settings and Design:

This was a retrospective case–control study in a tertiary referral center.

Materials and Methods:

We evaluated and compared the expression profile of antigens p63 and Ki-67 on 60 cases of histologically proven oral dysplastic and malignant lesions oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC – 35 cases), oral epithelial dysplasia (OED – 15 cases), and 10 cases of benign and inflammatory oral lesions.

Statistical Analysis:

Mean and standard deviation were calculated and ANOVA statistical test was used to compare the data.

Results:

The mean labeling index of p63 and KI-67 was higher in OSCC than OED and minimum in inflammatory (controls) groups.

Conclusion:

p63 expression had a positive correlation with Ki-67 expression. Thus, p63 and Ki-67 may be a marker for tumorigenesis and tumor cell proliferation.
Association of Socio-demographic Determinants with Quality of Life among Road Traffic Accident Victims
Authors: Chellamuthu Lalithambigai , Kittu Devi , Bahurupi Yogesh A. , Vasudevan Kavita , Subramanian Sadhana
Published: January 2024

Background:

Road traffic accidents are the sixth leading cause of death in India with a greater share of hospitalization, disabilities, deaths, and socio-economic losses.

Objectives:

To assess the socio-demographic determinants associated with quality-of-life among road traffic accident victims.

Methodology:

A community-based, longitudinal study was conducted for 2 years in South India. Simple random sampling was employed to include 169 accident victims. Baseline data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire on socio-demographic details and using SF-32. Follow-up was at the 6th and 12th month from the day of accident. Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi-data manager 4.2.0. Written informed consent from each participant was sought. Ethical clearance was obtained.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation age of the subjects was found to be 36.2 ± 11.4 years. The results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant incremental change in quality of life among the accident survivors at baseline, 6 and 12 months (P < 0.05). Socio-economic determinants such as education, occupation, marital status, and religion were found to be associated with different domains of quality of life. (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The improvement in the quality of life of the victims over 1-year period was found to be significant.
Primary Extrathoracic Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma of the Chest Wall: A Rare Entity
Authors: Bisht Rahul , Anto Ajin , Mohan Raj , Dwivedi Surjeet
Published: January 2024

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a rapidly growing malignant neoplasm-producing osteoid, located in the soft tissues other than bones or periosteum. Primary ESOS presenting in extrathoracic locations is very rare. The optimal treatment of ESOS is largely unknown. The most common location is the soft tissues of the thigh (46%), upper extremity (20%), intrathoracic (rare), and retroperitoneum (17%). These tumors are usually large while diagnosis, typically measures 10 cm in diameter. The diagnosis is by core biopsy and microscopy sections reveal spindle cells with high NC ratio, myxoid stroma, osteoid matrix, and necrosis. Immunohistochemistry reveals that the tumor cells are positive for Desmin (40%), CD99 (25%), NKX2.2 (30%), and myogenin (15%). The radiological differentials include posttraumatic myositis ossificans. The treatment consists of wide surgical resection and reconstruction depends on the defect. Patients with localized disease were treated with an osteosarcoma-type adjuvant chemotherapy regimen consisting of doxorubicin, and cisplatin. The prognosis is poor when compared with intra-osseous osteosarcoma. More than 90% of patients develop local and distant metastasis and recurrence is between 2 months and 10 years. We hereby describe the case of giant ESOS of the chest wall, which was managed successfully at our center. A 58-year-old male presented with rapid progressive malignant ESOS in the right side chest 20 cm × 20 cm. He was managed by a multidisciplinary team of oncosurgery, plastic surgeon, and onco medicine by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and wide local excision with latissimus dorsi pedicle reconstruction. On a 3-year follow-up, he had no recurrence and doing well.
Why Some Patients Died at Home Due to COVID-19 in a Rural, Tribal Area of India?
Authors: Shah Shobha P. , Desai Shrey A. , Dave Kapilkumar J.
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

We conducted this study to understand the proportion of deaths that occurred at home and the factors associated with home deaths in a tribal rural area of Gujarat, India.

Materials and Methods:

We collected a list of all deaths that occurred during the study period from local authorities and triangulated the data. Data collectors (DCs) visited the houses of the deceased person and interviewed the relatives as well as local health-care providers. The DCs categorized each death as COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 death based on the World Health Organization standard definition. For each COVID-19 death, we filled pretested questionnaire (local language) to know the care-seeking behavior of deceased persons. Subsequently, we conducted in-depth interviews of relatives whose family members died of COVID-19 at home (or within 48 hr of admission to a health-care facility) to find reasons for not seeking care at a health-care facility.

Results:

The risk of home deaths was high among the scheduled tribe population, laborers, below poverty line cardholders, those who did not seek care from private practitioners, those who did not test for COVID-19, those who did not seek care from qualified care providers, and those seeking care to nonqualified care providers. Shortage of health-care facilities, cost of care, and stigma/fear of hospitals were the major factors associated with the care-seeking behavior of patients.

Conclusion:

The unavailability of critical care, testing facilities, lack of knowledge, high cost of care, and lack of trust in hospitals were the major causes of home deaths among COVID-19 patients.
A remark on 0-cycles as modules over algebras of finite correspondences
Authors: Rovinskii Marat Zefirovich
Published: January 2024

Given a smooth projective variety $X$ over a field, consider the $\mathbb Q$-vector space $Z_0(X)$ of 0-cycles (that is, formal finite $\mathbb Q$-linear combinations of closed points of $X$) as a module over the algebra of finite correspondences. Then the rationally trivial 0-cycles on $X$ form an absolutely simple and essential submodule of $Z_0(X)$.
Bibliography: 15 titles.
Heavy-Duty Wiring Systems for On-Highway Trucks
Authors:   Truck and Bus Electrical Systems Committee
Published: January 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice provides general guidelines on the material selection, construction, and qualification of components and wiring systems used to construct nominal 12 VDC and/or 24 VDC electrical wiring systems for heavy-duty vehicles The guidelines are limited to nominal 12 VDC and/or 24 VDC primary wiring systems and includes cable sizes American Wire Gage 20 to AWG 4 on heavy-duty on-highway trucks. The document identifies appropriate operating performances requirements. This document excludes the male-to-female connection of the SAE J560 connectors.
“We know what we do”: an agency-structure analysis of political vigilantism in Ghana
Authors: Osei-Kufuor Patrick , Ametefe Richard , Appiah-Boateng Sabina , Noagah Bukari Kaderi , Quarshie Alexander
Published: January 2024

Political vigilantism has come out as an offshoot of the violence that characterises multi party elections in Ghana. Several studies on political vigilantism give primacy to the role of structural factors in explaining the phenomenon in Ghana. However, such a notion deprives political vigilantes of any sense of agency and further evades how the understanding of the interaction between agency and structure can offer deeper insights into the phenomenon of political vigilantism. The paper argues that political vigilantes should be characterised as agents who can make decisions about the actions that they undertake and not solely determined by the constraints of structure. The actions of political vigilantes are mediated through social structures that shape the options available to them. Using purposive and snowball sampling techniques, 41 key informants were selected for the study in Accra, Kumasi and Tamale. The study employed both primary and secondary data sources. Whereas secondary data was sourced from desk reviews, primary data was collected through interviews and focus group discussions. The narratives were thematically analysed. The study findings show that members of political vigilante groups are conscious agents and for that matter decide and act either autonomously or relationally despite existing pressures from social structures. In addition, the paper shows that the exercise of agency among the vigilantes is inseparable from structure as the structure is reproduced and changed through the actions of the political vigilantes who in turn are shaped through the structures that they occupy. Therefore, policy responses to political violence should consider the two sides of the equation by working simultaneously on the behaviour of political actors and resolving the circumstances that facilitate political violence
Aerodynamics of politics and stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project
Authors: Tsaro Dii Christian
Published: January 2024

The study on aerodynamics of politics and stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project sought to explain the stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project from the perspective of aerodynamic stability of an aircraft. The purpose was to examine the stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project from the backdrop of aerodynamic stability of an aircraft in flight. Its adopted methodology was hinged on the conceptual and historical frameworks as well as strategies of inquiry such as grounded theory. The study was anchored on the systems approach theory for its theoretical framework. It established that statecraft responded to political, economic and environmental forces similar to aerodynamic forces acting on the surfaces of an aircraft. It also identified the fuselage of the aircraft as akin to the constitution of the state in statecraft. It concluded that the Nigerian project statecraft will attain greater stability if it were restructured to conform to the semi-monocoque-fuselage statecraft constitution of 1963.
Propagation, development phases and domestication of Cyperus rotundus L. in the Western Highlands of Cameroon
Authors: Kenfack Carine Pamela , Sonkoué Njiméli Patrick , Djeuga Youga Manuela Kelly , Teres Paule , Avana Marie Louise , Fonkou Théophile
Published: January 2024

Cyperus rotundus Linn. is a potentially valuable aromatic plant given its ability to synthesise essential oil and the variety of traditional uses associated with it. The valorisation of this plant would imply the exploitation of a significant quantity of its biomass, which cannot be obtained from the wild. The aim of this study was to determine the best methods for regeneration and the development phases of C. rotundus, in order to ensure the continuous availability of its biomass.
The mode of natural regeneration and the state of domestication of C. rotundus by local populations were investigated through surveys of traditional healers and herbalists. In addition, ex situ regeneration trials were carried out using vegetative propagation from bulbs and seed germination. The vegetative propagation was assessed by estimating the lag time and percentage regeneration of the bulbs, while the seed germination percentage was evaluated. The development phases of the plant were identified following the BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt Bundessortenamt and CHemische Industrie) scale. The yield was calculated from the underground biomass of the bulbs produced at the end of the plant life cycle.
The results showed that C. rotundus regenerates naturally from bulbs and rarely from seeds. In the Western Highlands of Cameroon, traditional practitioners and herbalists have begun domesticating C. rotundus on a small scale. Propagation attempts from seed were unsuccessful in the present study. However, from bulbs, a lag time of 10 days was observed and a regeneration percentage of 88% obtained after 47 days. Five phases of development were identified including emergence (0), bolting (1), flowering (2), maturation (3) and senescence (4). The production of bulbs, which are organs containing the essential oils, was observed from the bolting phase. The biomasses of about 383, 493 and 520 kg/ha were obtained during phase 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
The best propagation method and the development phases of Cyperus rotundus investigated in this work could contribute to an advance in the domestication process in order to ensure its availability and sustainability.
National Security and Good Governance in Nigeria: The Hermeneutical Imperative
Authors: Adamu Cyril Osilama
Published: January 2024

Nigeria is plagued with developmental problems and security challenges. Religion no doubt contributes a significant percentage to insecurity, despite its positives; and portends a grave danger which is highly inflammable. This is why any meaningful discourse on national security and good governance must consider the religious perspective as pivotal. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to examine how religious hermeneutics can contribute to national development, good governance, and security. Data were sourced using the qualitative phenomenological method, wherein the study seeks to investigate the religious lived experiences within the backdrop of religious hermeneutics. This paper adopts the antithesis of the philosophy of orthodoxy that does not present interpretations that fit in with the changed conditions of the world. The methodology of dynamic hermeneutics philosophy submits the findings that individuals or groups in specific historical situations can interpret their sacred texts in a way that facilitates violence and insecurity. The recommendation is that contemporary religious hermeneutics should at all times engender peace, security and good governance.
Toxicological evaluation of Sargassum plagiophyllum extract in male mice
Authors: Tipbunjong Chittipong , Sengkhim Rattanaporn , Thantongsakul Sitthiwach , Peerakietkhajorn Saranya , Mayakun Jaruwan , Huipao Nawiya , Khuituan Pissared
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To provide valid scientific evidence for the safety of Sargassum plagiophyllum extract in an animal model.

Methods: Sargassum plagiophyllum extract (SPE) was obtained via water extraction using an autoclave at 121°C for 20 min. The SPE was administered to 4 groups of adult male mice via gavage once a day for 21 days. The treatment groups received different doses of SPE, i.e., 100, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg. Control mice were given distilled water. Body weight, and feed and water intakes were recorded. The toxicity of SPE was assessed by determining blood, biochemical, and histopathological indices.

Results: Intake of SPE for 21 days did not produce any impact on body mass, feed intake and water intake, even at 2000 mg/kg. Hematological parameters were also unaffected. Biochemical analysis of blood/serum revealed normal levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in all treatment groups, when compared to control group. Moreover, histopathological studies confirmed healthy conditions of the liver, kidney, colon, and other organs in all treatment groups.

Conclusion: These results from a mouse model provide basic scientific evidence of the safety of consuming Sargassum plagiophyllum extract, even at high doses thus expanding its potential use as a medication for improving health.