bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-throughput probing macrophage–bacteria interactions at the single cell level with microdroplets
Authors: Jiang Zhongyun , Liu Sidi , Xiao Xiang , Jiang Guimei , Qu Qing , Miao Xingxing , Wu Renfei , Shi Rui , Guo Ruochen , Liu Jian
Published: June 2022

A droplet biosensor has been developed to visualize the polarization of a single macrophage, allowing for the investigation of the interactions between a single macrophage and a number of bacteria inside a completely isolated bio-reactor.
Color-tunable persistent luminescence hybrid materialsviaradiative energy transfer
Authors: Zhao Dan , Song Lijun , Li Jinlei , Lin Fenglong , Wang Shenglong , Wu Yincai , Lin Fulin
Published: June 2022

Colorful, persistent luminescence materials are in great demand in many technological fields but their synthesis remains a challenge.
Opposite effects of gold and silver nanoparticle decoration of graphenic surfaces on bacterial attachment
Authors: Pajerski Wojciech , Chytrosz-Wrobel Paulina , Golda-Cepa Monika , Pawlyta Miroslawa , Reczynski Witold , Ochonska Dorota , Brzychczy-Wloch Monika , Kotarba Andrzej
Published: June 2022

The interaction between bacteria and nanoparticles is currently a central topic in bionanotechnology.
Metal-free stereoselective addition of propiolic acids to ynamides: a concise synthetic route to highly substituted enediyne/dienyne-(E)-N,O-acetals
Authors: Prasad Rangu , Kanikarapu Suresh , Dutta Shubham , Vangara Srinivas , Sahoo Akhila K.
Published: June 2022

A straightforward and sustainable approach for the 1,2-addition of propiolic acids to ynamide has led to bench-stable sp2 (E)-enol-enamides of enediynes and dienynes.
Fluorescence ‘turn-on’ probe for nanomolar Zn(ii) detection in living cells and environmental samples
Authors: Patil Manohar , Park Su Jeong , Yeom Gyu Seong , Bendre Ratnamala , Kuwar Anil , Nimse Satish Balasaheb
Published: June 2022

Herein, a Schiff base ligand FHE was synthesized by condensing 5-allyl-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, a eugenol derivative, with the derivative furan-2-carbohydrazide.
Reaction of H2 with polyoxometalate supported Rhodium(0) and Iridium(0) nanoparticles in aqueous suspensions: a kinetic study
Authors: Vijay Aswin Kottapurath , Meyerstein Dan , Marks Vered , Albo Yael
Published: June 2022

The mechanism of the reaction between Rh0 and Ir0 NPs with H2 was measured in the absence of an electrical bias via monitoring the catalytic reduction of PW12O403− and it was compared to the previous results of Pt0 NPs.
Insights into the energetic performance from structures: a density functional theory study on N6
Authors: Lang Qing , Xu Yuangang , Jiang Shuaijie , Lu Ming
Published: June 2022

This work presented a DFT study of three bi-ring N6isomers, and their structure–property relationships were fully explored. Caged N6exhibits the highest energetic performance, revealing its great potential as a new HEDM.
Image to insight: exploring natural products through mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Dong Yonghui , Aharoni Asaph
Published: June 2022

This review provides an up-to-date summary of mass spectrometry imaging, emphasizing different applications and recent innovations in natural product research.
Thermally activated microstructural evolution of metallic heterophase nanoparticles: insights from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wen Yu-Hua , Li Ya-Meng , Yang Wei-Hua , Huang Kai-Wen , Huang Rao
Published: June 2022

The thermodynamic stability of Au-Co heterophase nanoparticles with fcc and hcp phases is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations.
Electronic property modulation in two-dimensional lateral superlattices of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Zou Hongshuai , Wang Xinjiang , Zhou Kun , Li Yawen , Fu Yuhao , Zhang Lijun
Published: June 2022

By using first-principles high-throughput calculations, we explore how the two-dimensional lateral superlattices modulate electronic structures and electronic properties of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide.
Azirine-triazole hybrids: selective synthesis of 5-(2H-azirin-2-yl)-, 5-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazoles and 2-(5-(2H-azirin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)pyridines
Authors: Krivolapova Yulia V. , Tomashenko Olesya A. , Funt Liya D. , Spiridonova Dar'ya V. , Novikov Mikhail S. , Khlebnikov Alexander F.
Published: June 2022

Selective synthesis of azirine-triazole hybrids and their use in preparation of pyrrole-triazole and pyrrole-triazole-pyridine hybrids are reported.
Exosome-based drug delivery systems and their therapeutic applications
Authors: Lee Jaewook , Lee Ji-Heon , Chakraborty Kushal , Hwang Joon , Lee Yong-Kyu
Published: June 2022

In the past few decades, scientists have actively worked on developing effective drug delivery systems (DDSs) as means to control life-threatening diseases and challenging illnesses.
Interacting partners of Brassica juncea regulator of G-protein signaling protein suggest its role in cell wall metabolism and cellular signaling
Authors: Kumar Roshan , Bisht Naveen C.
Published: June 2022

Heterotrimeric G-proteins interact with various upstream and downstream effectors to regulate various aspects of plant growth and development. G-protein effectors have been recently reported in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, less information is available from polyploid crop species having complex networks of G-protein components. Regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) is a well-characterized GTPase accelerating protein, which plays an important role in the regulation of the G-protein cycle in plants. In the present study, four homologs encoding RGS proteins were isolated from the allotetraploid Brassica juncea, a globally important oilseed, vegetable, and condiment crop. The B. juncea RGS proteins were grouped into distinct BjuRGS1 and BjuRGS2 orthologous clades, and the expression of BjuRGS1 homologs was predominantly higher than BjuRGS2 homologs across the tested tissue types of B. juncea. Utilizing B. juncea Y2H library screening, a total of 30 nonredundant interacting proteins with the RGS-domain of the highly expressed BjuA.RGS1 was identified. Gene ontology analysis indicated that these effectors exerted various molecular, cellular, and physiological functions. Many of them were known to regulate cell wall metabolism (BjuEXP6, Bju-α-MAN, BjuPGU4, BjuRMS3) and phosphorylation-mediated cell signaling (BjuMEK4, BjuDGK3, and BjuKinase). Furthermore, transcript analysis indicated that the identified interacting proteins have a coexpression pattern with the BjuRGS homologs. These findings increase our knowledge about the novel targets of G-protein components from a globally cultivated Brassica crop and provide an important resource for developing a plant G-protein interactome network.
EFR3 and phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIα regulate insulin-stimulated glucose transport and GLUT4 dispersal in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Koester Anna M. , Geiser Angéline , Laidlaw Kamilla M.E. , Morris Silke , Cutiongco Marie F.A. , Stirrat Laura , Gadegaard Nikolaj , Boles Eckhard , Black Hannah L. , Bryant Nia J. , Gould Gwyn W.
Published: June 2022

Insulin stimulates glucose transport in muscle and adipocytes. This is achieved by regulated delivery of intracellular glucose transporter (GLUT4)-containing vesicles to the plasma membrane where they dock and fuse, resulting in increased cell surface GLUT4 levels. Recent work identified a potential further regulatory step, in which insulin increases the dispersal of GLUT4 in the plasma membrane away from the sites of vesicle fusion. EFR3 is a scaffold protein that facilitates localization of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type IIIα to the cell surface. Here we show that knockdown of EFR3 or phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type IIIα impairs insulin-stimulated glucose transport in adipocytes. Using direct stochastic reconstruction microscopy, we also show that EFR3 knockdown impairs insulin stimulated GLUT4 dispersal in the plasma membrane. We propose that EFR3 plays a previously unidentified role in controlling insulin-stimulated glucose transport by facilitating dispersal of GLUT4 within the plasma membrane.
Tuning of renewable energy bids based on energy risk management: Enhanced microgrids with pareto‐optimal profits for the utility and prosumers
Authors: Mohan Vivek , Antonis Anjula Mary , M. Jisma , Krishnakumar Nila , Bu Siqi
Published: June 2022

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicles (EVs) demands the building of a microgrid energy portfolio that is cost‐effective and robust against generation uncertainties (energy risk). Energy risk may trigger financial risk in the local energy market, depending on bid values, cost of generation and price of upstream grid power. In this study, a microgrid energy portfolio is built based on adjustments to both the financial and energy risks. These risks are managed in two ways: (1) by pre‐tuning and prioritizing the bid prices for wind and solar energy sources based on their relative levels of energy risk as quantified through a conditional value‐at‐risk (CVaR) approach; and (2) by co‐optimizing the conflicting profits of the utility and prosumers using non‐dominated sorting particle swarm optimization (NSPSO) to obtain a risk‐adjusted Pareto‐optimal energy mix. Thus, the utility predicts the net power balancing cost from the scheduling time horizon, thereby moderating the adverse effect that the uncertainties in renewable energy could have on the collective welfare. The proposed method is tested on a grid‐connected CIGRE low‐voltage (LV) benchmark microgrid with solar and wind sources, microturbines, and EVs. The results demonstrate that the obtained portfolio is realistic, welfare‐optimized and cost‐efficient.
Schlieren techniques for observations of long positive sparks: Review and application
Authors: He Junjia , Wang Xiankang , Zhao Xiangen , Lee Juhyeong , Du Yaping , Liu Xiaopeng , Gan Quan , Liu Yang , Liao Yuqin
Published: June 2022

Understanding the mechanism of positive leader discharge is important in lightning protection engineering and the external insulation design in high voltage power transmission systems. During the propagation of a positive leader, some processes without light‐emitting, for example, the insulation recovery process after the breakdown, cannot be observed by optical photography techniques. With the combination of the digital high‐speed imaging system, the conventional Schlieren techniques offer new vistas in the long air gap discharge observation. The important features of high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, and easy arrangement make Schlieren techniques powerful and effective tools for characterising the discharge processes without light‐emitting. This work presents a brief review of current Schlieren techniques and discusses the design of the Schlieren optics system for long spark observations. Several interesting phenomena discovered at different phases of long sparks with high‐speed Schlieren techniques are also presented.
Magnetic fields and hot gas in M 101
Authors: Weżgowiec M. , Beck R. , Hanasz M. , Soida M. , Ehle M. , Dettmar R.-J. , Urbanik M.
Published: June 2022

Context. Studies of nearby spiral galaxies in radio and X-ray wavelengths reveal the structure and energy balance of the magnetic fields and the hot interstellar medium (ISM). In some spiral galaxies, large-scale ordered magnetic fields have been found between the spiral stellar arms (the so-called magnetic arms). One of the considered explanations of their origin is magnetic reconnection, which according to theoretical studies can efficiently heat the low-density ISM.

Aims. We present, for the first time, high-resolution C-band (5 GHz) radio maps of the nearby face-on spiral galaxy M 101 to study the magnetic fields and verify the existence of the magnetic arms. The analysis of the archival XMM-Newton X-ray data is performed to search for signatures of gas heating by magnetic reconnection effects in the disk and the halo of this galaxy.

Methods. We combine the Very Large Array (VLA) and Effelsberg radio maps of M 101 to restore the large-scale emission lost in the interferometric observations. From the obtained maps, we derive magnetic field strengths and energy densities, and compare them with the properties of the hot gas found with the spectral analysis of the X-ray data.

Results. Most of the X-ray emission likely comes from the hot gas in the halo of M 101. Its temperature is highest above the massive stellar arm and an inter-arm region with enhanced polarised radio emission, as well as in the inter-arm area where neither Hα nor H I emission is visible. In regions outside of the spiral arms lower strengths, energy densities and higher orders of the magnetic fields were observed.

Conclusions. Although M 101 does not possess well-defined magnetic arms, a rudimentary magnetic arm was identified in one of the inter-arm regions. We found weak signatures of additional heating of the ISM there, as well as in the galactic halo, which could be explained by the action of magnetic reconnection.
Promouvoir l’agroforesterie à base de palmiers à huile : un atout pour la durabilité de la filière
Authors: Masure Alix , Martin Pierre , Lacan Xavier , Rafflegeau Sylvain
Published: June 2022

Le développement massif des palmeraies industrielles et villageoises s’est réalisé en suivant un dispositif de plantation en culture pure du palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Cependant, divers systèmes de culture alternatifs ont émergé, dans lesquels sont associés des cultures et des animaux à diverses phases du cycle de culture du palmier. En attribuant à cette plante un statut équivalent à celui d’un arbre, ces systèmes correspondent à des systèmes agroforestiers. Dans cette étude, trente-neuf systèmes agroforestiers à base de palmier à huile ont été identifiés dans le monde à partir de la littérature, de la consultation de sites internet et d’enquêtes. Cinq types de systèmes agroforestiers ont émergé : i) l’agropastoralisme, correspondant à l’introduction d’élevage pendant la phase productive du cycle de culture du palmier ; ii) l’agroforesterie traditionnelle africaine à base de palmiers et de cultures vivrières ; iii) l’agroforesterie temporaire avec des cultures vivrières en palmeraie juvénile ; iv) l’agroforesterie permanente avec des cultures pérennes ; et enfin v) des prototypes de systèmes agroforestiers à base de palmiers sélectionnés, conçus par des institutions de recherche et développement, souvent à la demande d’entreprises agricoles ou d’agro-industries. La description spatio-temporelle de ces systèmes a permis de mettre en évidence les services écosystémiques rendus par les espèces associées. Diverses perspectives de développement de l’agroforesterie sont discutées en tant qu’alternative aux palmeraies monospécifiques, pour introduire de la biodiversité dans des territoires historiquement spécialisés en élaeiculture, pour initier du développement élaeicole en zones suboptimales, ou encore pour s’adapter au changement climatique.
A failure detection method of remote disaster recovery and backup system
Authors: Liang Min , Gao Fei , Shi Min
Published: June 2022

Failure detection is one of the basic functions of building a reliable disaster recovery backup system. Aiming at the application-level disaster recovery backup failure detection problem, this paper analyzes the remote disaster recovery center architecture and failure detection hierarchy, and predicts the arrival time of cross-domain heartbeat information through the back propagation neural network based on particle swarm optimization (PSO-BP). When the actual timeout is reached, the active Auxiliary Detection (AD) is used to improve the correctness of failure detection, and finally the effectiveness of method PSO-BP-AD is verified through simulation.
Design of satellite ground fault diagnosis system based on rule base
Authors: Liu Yan , Lei Jing , Zeng Shasha , Wang Yajie , Nian Zhaohua
Published: June 2022

The automation and intelligentization of fault diagnosis system for satellite ground system directly affect the success of tasks and the reliability of the system. This paper designed a fault diagnosis system based on rule base, which contained satellite ground system failure rule base, failure model, abnormal and alarm mechanism. Software implementation has been verified by actual project, it shows that the fault diagnosis system based on rule base can improve the capacity of fault management functions, real-time monitoring and automatic fault diagnosis support system. In addition, fault analysis and location can enhance the automation level and efficiency of satellite fault diagnosis, make efficient and reliable diagnosis of remote sensing satellite receiving system, raise the success rate of satellite data receiving, and have good practicability and popularization.
A multi strategy improved pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm
Authors: Liao Heng , Huang Huadong
Published: June 2022

Pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm is easy to fall into local optimization and low convergence accuracy in solving nonlinear optimization problems. In this paper, an improved pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm called Gaussian mixture pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm (GPIO) is proposed. In GPIO, the cubic mapping of chaotic mapping method is used to initialize the pigeon population, which increases the diversity of the population. Gaussian mutation operator is introduced to change the shortage that pigeon swarm algorithm is easy to fall into local optimization, and improve the convergence efficiency of the algorithm. The experimental results of 19 benchmark functions show that the algorithm has better optimization ability than other swarm intelligence algorithms.
Research on manipulation algorithm of HRDA based on visual UTFastSLAM
Authors: Li Huazhong
Published: June 2022

Aiming at theSLAMproblem faced by humanoid robot path planning in unknown environment, firstly, based on the analysis of feature region location and information description in the region, a feature extraction algorithm based onLPPhas been researched to reduce the computational complexity ofSLAMand the sensitivity to wrong data association. Secondly, aiming at the problems of phase winding and phase singularity in visual phase matching, a phase matching algorithm based on adaptive Gabor filter has been researched. By extracting the phase difference and visual difference of image pairs, there is no need to explicitly calculate the local phase, so as to achieve the best matching between the ideal phase difference and the world measured phase difference. Using unscented transform (UT) and selective acquisition strategy, aUTFastSLAMalgorithm based on Rao-Blackwellised has been proposed, which effectively reduces the particle dilution phenomenon of particle filter (PF) and significantly improves the calculation accuracy and robustness ofFastSLAMalgorithm. Finally, theHRDAexperimental platform has been constructed, and the forward and reverse kinematics models ofHRDAhave been established to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed.
A positioning method of mobile manipulator based on binocular vision
Authors: Chen Jie , Wang Zirui
Published: June 2022

This paper solves the problem of high-precision and flexible positioning of mobile manipulators. The target ball positioning tool is designed to be installed on the manipulator and calibrated. Then use binocular vision to locate the target ball positioning tool to realize the positioning of the mobile manipulator. The experimental measurement of the positioning accuracy is better than other positioning methods. The method of designing target ball positioning tool and adopting binocular vision positioning method has high precision and low cost.
Dual-station direction finding location based on disturbance detection
Authors: He Wentao , Chen Xin , Xing Shunxiang , Cai Tianxing
Published: June 2022

The application of direction finding location technology in electronic warfare is becoming more and more extensive. Aiming at the problem that the traditional location method will greatly affect the location accuracy when the measurement information of each observation station is disturbed, a dual-station direction finding location algorithm based on disturbance detection is proposed. The algorithm uses the least squares method to obtain the target’s position information at each moment, then designs an improved Kalman filter algorithm with disturbance detection to improve the location accuracy. The simulation results show that the algorithm can still accurately track the target when the measurement information is disturbed, which has practical application value.
Research on the allocation strategy of global carbon emission rights based on FAHP-EWM-TOPSIS
Authors: Gong Shihao , Shang Xiuwei , Zhou Bingqian
Published: June 2022

As a scarce public resource, carbon emission rights are essentially a new type of development rights. The rational allocation of limited carbon emission rights is crucial to international climate governance. On the basis of the multi-index method allocation model, this paper proposes a global carbon emission rights allocation model based on FAHP-EWM-TOPSIS, which uses fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method respectively. Determine the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation indicators, and use the idea of minimizing the difference to find the optimal proportion of the subjective and objective weights, and then obtain the optimal combination weight, and finally combine the TOPSIS method to score and calculate the reasonable distribution of rights and interests of countries around the world. The results show that the fair share of most countries in the world is between 1% and 2%. Compared with other carbon emission rights allocation strategies, this model takes into account the more comprehensive distribution principles, and the differences between different countries are small, which can better reflect the principle of fairness. The research results provide a new scheme for the allocation of global carbon emission rights, which has certain reference value for future global climate governance.
Application of AHP in WUI fire risk assessment
Authors: Li Jinmei , Zhu Canbin , Li Qiang
Published: June 2022

In order to achieve the purpose of assessing the fire risk in the WUI, this paper digitizes the fire risk influencing factors based on the remote sensing data, meteorological data and vegetation information of the southwest corner of Qingyuan Mountain in Quanzhou City, and obtains a total of 8 indicators in 4 categories of meteorological factors, vegetation factors, terrain factors and human factors as the primary indicators for fire risk assessment, and divides the 4 categories of factors into natural factors and human factors as the secondary indicators to construct a hierarchical structure model. Spatial modelling was performed by ArcGIS, AHP was used to assess the fire risk in the WUI, and weighted superposition analysis was performed on the burning probabilities calculated from different fire risk factors, and finally the results of fire risk zoning in the forest-town junction domain were obtained. The results showed that the high-risk area mainly existed within the area east of Pu Xian Road to the southwest corner of Qingyuan Mountain. The assessment results show that the method can provide a reference basis for fire risk assessment and zoning in the WUI.
Atmospheric Plasma Jet processing for figure error correction of an optical element made from S-BSL7
Authors: Müller Heike , Waak Thomas , Birnbaum Uwe , Böhm Georg , Arnold Thomas
Published: June 2022

To meet the increasing market demand for optical components, Plasma Jet Machining (PJM) of Borosilicate Crown Glass (BCG), which can be an alternative to Fused Silica, is presented. Surface figure error correction was performed by applying reactive plasma jet etching, where a fluorine-containing microwave driven plasma jet is employed to reduce the figure error in a deterministic dwell-time controlled dry etching process. However, some of the glass constituents of BCG cause the formation of a residual layer during surface treatment which influences the local material removal. By heating the substrate to about TS = 325 °C to 350 °C during processing, the etching behavior can clearly be improved. Geometric conditions of the optical element nevertheless lead to a characteristic temperature distribution on the substrate surface, which requires an adjustment of the local dwell times in order to obtain the required material removal. Furthermore, the resulting local surface roughness is also influenced by the surface temperature distribution. It is shown that figure error can be significantly reduced by taking the local temperature distribution and resulting local etching rates into account. A subsequent polishing step smoothens roughness features occurring during etching to provide optical surface quality.
Wirksamkeit und ethische Bewertung von Nudging-Interventionen zur
Förderung des Selbstmanagements bei Diabetes Mellitus Typ
2
Authors: Rauprich Oliver , Möllenkamp Meilin , Reimann Jennifer , Huster Stefan , Schreyögg Jonas , Marckmann Georg
Published: June 2022

Hintergrund Nudges bieten vielfältige Möglichkeiten zur
Förderung von gesundheitsbezogenem Verhalten im Alltag, die klassische
Public Health-Maßnahmen ergänzen können. Vor diesem
Hintergrund führten wir vorläufige Untersuchungen zur
Wirksamkeit und zu ethischen Aspekten verschiedener Nudges zur Förderung
des Selbstmanagements von Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 im Kontext von
Disease-Management-Programmen (DMPs) durch.

Methodik Die ethische Bewertung der Nudges erfolgte im systematischen
Rahmen von Marckmann et al. (2015) zur Public Health-Ethik. Die bisherige
Evidenz zur Wirksamkeit von Nudges wurde mittels einer narrativen
Literaturübersicht zusammenfassend dargestellt.

Ergebnisse Zielvereinbarungen mit Umsetzungsplänen, Erinnerungen,
Feedback, Sammeltermine bei Ärzten, Peer Mentoring sowie
Verhaltensverträge sind Nudging-Interventionen mit
mäßiger Eingriffstiefe in die Persönlichkeitsrechte der
Patienten und ethisch relativ unproblematischen Voraussetzungen, die sich in
verschiedenen Kontexten bewährt haben. Automatische Einschreibungen zu
Patientenschulungen, Einbindung der Lebenspartner, Konfrontation mit sozialen
Normen und Verwendung von Schockbildern können ebenfalls wirksam sein,
greifen jedoch tiefer in die Freiheit und Privatsphäre der Patienten ein
und unterliegen stärkeren ethischen Voraussetzungen und
Beschränkungen. Die Evidenzlage ist insbesondere bei Maßnahmen
zur sozialen Unterstützung durch Angehörige und Peers noch
unzureichend.

Schlussfolgerungen Nudging bietet ein breites Spektrum gezielter
Interventionen zur Förderung des Selbstmanage-ments von Patienten mit
chronischen Erkrankungen, dessen Potenzial bislang noch zu wenig erschlossen
wurde. Besonders vielversprechende Maßnahmen sollten in Pilotstudien auf
ihre Akzeptanz, Wirksamkeit und Kosteneffektivität im Rahmen von DMPs
evaluiert werden.
Verbreitung des betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements: Sind
Gesundheitsorientierung und soziale Ressourcen bedeutsamer als
Betriebsgröße? Ergebnisse der
BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018
Authors: Wrage Wiebke , Sikora Alexandra , Wegewitz Uta
Published: June 2022

Ziele und Methoden Auf Grundlage der repräsentativen
BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018 wird analysiert, ob die
Verbreitung des betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements (BEM) mit
ausgewählten strukturellen Merkmalen von Betrieben sowie Variablen aus
dem Bereich sozialer Ressourcen zusammenhängt. Ein Zusammenhang mit
Merkmalen, die auf eine betriebliche Priorisierung von Gesundheit und Sozialem
hinweisen, wird angenommen. Zusätzlich werden die gleichen Variablen in
Bezug auf die Inanspruchnahme von BEM betrachtet, ergänzt um
personenbezogene Merkmale.

Ergebnisse Rund vierzig Prozent der langzeiterkrankten
Beschäftigten bekamen ein BEM angeboten, wovon fast siebzig Prozent das
Angebot angenommen haben. BEM wurde eher in Betrieben angeboten, in denen
Beschäftigten Maßnahmen der betrieblichen
Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) bekannt waren, in denen häufig Lob
und Anerkennung durch Vorgesetzte erfolgte, in denen sich häufig ein
Gemeinschaftsgefühl am Arbeitsplatz fand und ein Betriebs- oder
Personalrat vorhanden war. In kleineren Betrieben sowie in Dienstleistungs- und
Handwerksbetrieben wurde das BEM-Angebot häufiger angenommen als in
größeren Betrieben, im öffentlichen Dienst und in
Betrieben der Industrie. Von den personenbezogenen Merkmalen wies nur eine
längere Arbeitsunfähigkeit einen Zusammenhang mit der
Inanspruchnahme auf.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Zusammenhänge mit BGF und
wertschätzendem Vorgesetztenverhalten legen den Schluss nahe, dass
Betriebe, in denen gute und gesundheitsförderliche Arbeit einen
höheren Stellenwert hat, eher die gesetzlichen Anforderungen zum BEM
umsetzen. Gleichzeitig wäre es auch denkbar, dass ein umgekehrter Effekt
vorliegt, und Betriebe die Einführung eines BEM aufgrund aufgetretener
Fälle zum Anlass der Überprüfung ihres sonstigen
Engagements für die Gesundheit der Beschäftigten genommen
haben.
Der Transkriptionsfaktor Nf-κB: Bindeglied zwischen
oxidativem Stress und Inflammation
Authors: Friedrichsen Hans-Peter , Gröber Uwe
Published: June 2022

Oxidativer Stress und chronische Entzündung sind eng miteinander
verknüpft über den Transkriptionsfaktor Nf-κB,
induzieren sich gegenseitig und resultieren in einer Vielzahl
chronisch-entzündlicher Erkrankungen. Die Berücksichtigung der
Interdependenz zwischen beiden Vorgängen ist ausschlaggebend für
den erfolgreichen therapeutischen Einsatz von (Mikro-)Nährstoffen.
Nahrungsmittel beeinflussen die Redoxregulation und Immunfunktion, die richtige
Auswahl kann das Risiko für Zivilisationskrankheiten senken. Die
Vermeidung von postprandialer Hyperglykämie und Hyperlipidämie
reduziert oxidativen Stress und Entzündungsprozesse. Protektiv wirken
Vitamine und sekundäre Pflanzenstoffe, die insb. in Vollkorngetreide,
Gemüse, Beeren und Nüssen enthalten sind.
Magnesium und Osteoporose*
Authors: Classen Hans-Georg , Kisters Klaus , Gröber Uwe
Published: June 2022

Magnesium spielt zusammen mit
Kalzium und Vitamin D eine wichtige Rolle in der Pathogenese und Therapie der
Osteoporose. Im Magnesiummangel ist die Knochensteifigkeit vermindert.
Zahlreiche Studien belegen Zusammenhänge zwischen erniedrigtem
Serum-Magnesiumspiegel und dem Schweregrad der Osteoporose bzw.
Frakturhäufigkeit. Dies ist v. a. bei postmenopausalen Frauen
beschrieben worden, aber auch bei Männern und Jugendlichen zeigen sich
Effekte. Zur Therapie und insb. zur Prophylaxe werden in Übereinstimmung
mit der EFSA orale Dosierungen von täglich 250 mg Magnesium
vorgeschlagen.
Topisch appliziertes Zinkoxid und sein Einsatz in
Nanomaterialien
Authors: Reich Anna , Kubek Johanna , Gröber Uwe , Classen Hans-Georg
Published: June 2022

Die topische Anwendung von makroskaligem Zinkoxid beruht auf dessen
nachgewiesenen adstringierenden, antiseptischen und die Wundheilung
fördernden Eigenschaften. Nanoskaliges Zinkoxid findet seit ca. 30
Jahren in vielen technischen Bereichen und zahlreichen Produkten Anwendung,
z. B. als UVA-Filter in Sonnenschutzmitteln. Gesundheitliche Risiken
werden diskutiert, wurde bisher aber v. a. für
alveolengängigen Zinkoxidfeinstaub nachgewiesen. Bei Anwendung von
nanoskaliertem Zinkoxid auf der intakten Haut werden geringe Mengen an Zinkionen
freigesetzt, die unbedenklich sind. Erforderlich sind Untersuchungen zum
Verhalten der Partikel auf erkrankter Haut.
HIV/HCV unter Drogengebrauchenden in Deutschland: Die
Eliminierungsziele im Spiegel der Praxis
Authors: Dichtl Anna , Stöver Heino , Schäffer Dirk
Published: June 2022

Hintergrund Die Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) hat im Anschluss an die
Ziele der Agenda 2030 im Jahr 2016 die erste Strategie zur Eliminierung der
Virushepatitis bis zum Jahr 2030 vorgelegt. Auch die Beendigung des erworbenen
Immunschwächesyndroms (engl.: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) AIDS
bis zum Jahr 2030 wurde als eines der nachhaltigen Entwicklungsziele formuliert
und im Anschluss in die Strategie des Gemeinsamen Programms der Vereinten
Nationen zur Reduzierung von HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) aufgenommen und
ausformuliert. Intravenös drogengebrauchende Menschen (PWID)
gehören zu den besonders vulnerablen Gruppen in Bezug auf eine Infektion
mit dem Humanen Immundefizienz-Virus (HIV) und dem Hepatitis-C-Virus (HCV). In
Anlehnung an die Ziele der WHO und der UN hat das Bundesministerium für
Gesundheit (BMG) die erste integrierte Gesamtstrategie für HIV und
Hepatitis C (sowie Hepatitis B und andere sexuell übertragbare
Infektionen) vorgelegt.

Ziel der Arbeit und Methoden Sechs Jahre nach der Verabschiedung der BIS
2030-Strategie der Bundesregierung diskutiert der vorliegende Artikel die Rolle
von PWID in Deutschland in Bezug auf die Eliminierungsziele zu HIV und HCV auf
der Grundlage aktuell verfügbarer Daten und vor dem Hintergrund der
jüngsten Antworten und Bemühungen aus der Praxis.

Ergebnisse Obgleich der vielfältigen positiven
Praxisansätze werden die WHO-Eliminierungsziele in Bezug auf HCV und HIV
bei PWID noch nicht erreicht.

Schlussfolgerung Um nicht an den Eliminierungszielen 2030 zu scheitern,
wird Deutschland vor allem auch die Situation von PWID als
Schlüsselgruppe substanziell verbessern und insbesondere die Umsetzung
der Diagnostik und Behandlung sowie von evidenzbasierten Maßnahmen im
Bereich der Schadensminderung vorantreiben müssen.
Covid-19: Twinmethode zum Nachweis der Real-World Effectiveness (RWE)
unter Alltagsbedingungen
Authors: Porzsolt Franz , Weiß Christel , Weiss Manfred
Published: June 2022

Die positive Seite der Covid-19-Pandemie ist die Stimulation von Innovationen.
Als Beispiel diskutieren wir das Pragmatic Controlled Trial (PCT), eine
Twinstudie, mit der die Real-World Effectiveness (RWE) von Gesundheitsleistungen
unter den nicht standardisierten Bedingungen des Versorgungsalltags
bestätigt werden kann. Der Nachweis der RWE kann generell für
Gesundheitsleistungen mit bedingter Zulassung bedeutend werden. Das PCT
verwendet das Bayes-Prinzip anstelle einer Randomisierung. Es ermöglicht
die Versorgung unter nicht standardisierten Alltagsbedingungen und die
unverzerrte Evaluation unter standardisierten Bedingungen. Letztere wird durch
die Beschreibung der endpunkt-spezifischen Risiken jedes individuellen Patienten
und durch die Klassifikation der Interventionen in einer nicht-experimentellen,
aber risiko-stratifizierten und kontrollierten Studie gewährleistet.
Patienten erwarten eine zeitnahe Lösung ihrer Gesundheitsprobleme.
Bisher verlangt die Wissenschaft vor der Zulassung einer Innovation hinreichend
fundierte Versuchsergebnisse. Die Covid-19-Pandemie hat gezeigt, dass die
Forderung nach sofortiger und bestmöglicher Versorgung durch die
bedingte Zulassung eines neuen Versorgungsprinzips erfüllt werden kann.
Mit dem PCT beschreiben wir ein Verfahren, mit dem nach einer bedingten
Zulassung die noch ausstehenden Daten erhoben werden können, um den
Zulassungsprozess erfolgreich abzuschließen.
Access to Hexahydroindeno[2,1-c]pyran-Based Propellanes by a Domino Prins/Friedel–Crafts Cyclization
Authors: Piva Olivier , Nassar Youssef , Fache Fabienne , Pelotier Béatrice
Published: June 2022

Starting from readily available cyclic homoallylic alcohols, a Prins reaction allowed the formation of a bicyclic tetrahydropyranyl carbocation intermediate that is only trapped by electron-rich aromatic rings according a further intramolecular Friedel–Crafts reaction leading to new [4.4.3]propellane structures.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome
Prevalence in Chinese Inpatients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Tao Hejian , Shen Dong , Zhou Yong , Sun Fengli , Li Guorong , Jin Weidong
Published: June 2022

The aim of the work was to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Chinese
patients with bipolar disorder. We searched Chinese literature related to the
study in prevalence of metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder in Chinese
language, among which results such as comments, letters, reviews and case
reports were excluded. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder
was researched and discussed. A total of 1562 subjects were included in 11
studies. The prevalence of MetS in bipolar disorder was 33% (95%
CI=0.29–0.37), which was higher significantly than normal
control (10.82%), but similar to schizophrenia (31.59%). The
41.41% prevalence of MetS in male patients was higher significantly than
that in females (26.83%).The prevalence of MetS in BD treated by AAP was
47.54%, by MS was 19.19%, by MS+AAP was 40%.The
prevalence of MetS in BD treated by carbamazepine was 28.21%, by lithium
was 30%, by valproate was 21.71%, by clozepine was
51.43%, by olanzapine was 39.84%, by quetiapine was
39.44%, and by risperidone was 35%. The prevalence of MetS in
bipolar disorder was 33% (95% CI=0.29–0.37),
which was higher significantly than normal control (10.82%), but similar
to schizophrenia (31.59%). AAP and MS were the main one risks of MetS in
BD.
Dispositional Optimism, Mode of Delivery, and Perceived Labor Control among Recently Delivered Parturients
Authors: Ayala Nina K. , Whelan Anna R. , Recabo Olivia , Cersonsky Tess E. K. , Bublitz Margaret H. , Sharp Meghan C. , Lewkowitz Adam K.
Published: June 2022

Objective Dispositional optimism (DO) is an understudied transdiagnostic resilience factor among peripartum individuals. Low DO is associated with increased fear and pain in labor and increased rates of emergent cesarean delivery, but it is unknown whether DO is associated with perceived control over the labor process.

Study Design This a planned secondary analysis of a prospective observational cohort of term parturients (n = 164) who were recruited in July and August 2021 during their delivery hospitalization at a single, tertiary medical center. Participants completed a baseline demographic survey prior to delivery and then completed evaluations of DO (Revised Life-Orientation Test [LOT-R]) and control over the labor process (Labor Agentry Scale [LAS]) during their postpartum hospitalization. DO was dichotomized into low and high by score of ≤14 or >14 on LOT-R, respectively, and labor agentry scores were compared between groups. Maternal demographics, pregnancy, and delivery characteristics were compared by DO status. Multivariable regression was performed, adjusting for known confounders (induction, labor analgesia, and mode of delivery).

Results Demographic, pregnancy, and neonatal characteristics were similar between those with low compared with high DO. People with low DO had significantly higher rates of cesarean section (44 vs. 24%, p = 0.02) and overall had lower LAS scores (139.4 vs. 159.4, p < 0.001), indicating that they felt less control over their labor process than those with high DO. In the multivariable regression, those with low DO had higher odds of a low LAS score after controlling for induction, labor analgesia, and mode of delivery (adjusted odds ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–1.39).

Conclusion People with low DO had significantly lower perceived control over their labor, even after controlling for differences in mode of delivery. Interventions to alter DO may be an innovative way to improve birth experience and its associated perinatal mental health morbidities.

Key Points
Maternal Education Level Among People with Diabetes and Associated Adverse Outcomes
Authors: Fishel Bartal Michal , Chen Han-Yang , Ashby Cornthwaite Joycelyn A. , Wagner Stephen M. , Nazeer Sarah A. , Chauhan Suneet P. , Mendez-Figueroa Hector
Published: June 2022

Objective The aim of the study is to determine the relation between education and adverse outcomes in individuals with pregestational or gestational diabetes.

Study Design This population-based cohort study, using the U.S. vital statistics datasets, evaluated individuals with pregestational or gestational diabetes who delivered between 2016 and 2019. The primary outcome was composite neonatal adverse outcome including any of the following: large for gestational age (LGA), Apgar's score 6 hours, neonatal seizure, or neonatal death. The secondary outcome was composite maternal adverse outcomes including any of the following: admission to intensive care unit, transfusion, uterine rupture, or unplanned hysterectomy. Multivariable analysis was used to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results Of 15,390,962 live births in the United States, 858,934 (5.6%) were eligible for this analysis. Compared with individuals with a college education and above, the risk of composite neonatal adverse outcome was higher in individuals with some college (aRR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.07–1.09), high school (aRR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.04–1.07), and less than high school (aRR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03–1.07) education. The components of composite neonatal adverse outcome that differed significantly between the groups were LGA, Apgar's score 6 hours. Infant death differed when stratified by education level. An increased risk of composite maternal adverse outcome was also found with a lower level of education.

Conclusion Among individuals with diabetes, lower education was associated with a modestly higher risk of adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes.

Key Points
Neuroethics across the Disorders of Consciousness Care Continuum
Authors: Young Michael J. , Peterson Andrew
Published: June 2022

This review provides an ethical analysis of disorders of consciousness (DoC) along the care continuum, from preinjury to injury, acute care to subacute care and early rehabilitation, and finally transitioning to chronic rehabilitation and societal reintegration. We provide an actionable, chronological assessment of ethical issues related to DoC care. This expands upon established ethics literature, which focuses almost exclusively on the clinical encounter for DoC. Our goal is to broaden the aperture of ethical analysis to address how social and environmental conditions predispose some persons to brain injury, and how such conditions might also pose barriers to meaningful societal reintegration after recovery.
Classifying Disorders of Consciousness: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Kondziella Daniel , Stevens Robert D.
Published: June 2022

With the advent of advanced analytical methods applied to functional neuroimaging and neurophysiological data, cerebral conditions have been defined that challenge the established classification of disorders of consciousness. A subset of brain-damaged patients has been identified who cannot carry out motor commands, but who exhibit patterns of cerebral activation during mental imagery tasks that are indistinguishable from those in healthy controls. This condition, termed “cognitive motor dissociation,” has overturned many assumptions regarding the detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and care of patients with brain injury. Three factors are likely to influence efforts to improve the classification of disorders of consciousness in the near future: the types of data that will become available to characterize brain states, the modeling paradigms utilized for data analysis, and the ability to implement classification schemes in the clinical setting. Here we review past achievements, present states, and future projections for the classification of impaired consciousness and responsiveness.
Bifurcated Chalcogen Bonds Based on One σ-Hole
Authors: Mehrparvar Saber , Wölper Christoph , Gleiter Rolf , Haberhauer Gebhard
Published: June 2022

Chalcogen bonds are noncovalent interactions and are increasingly coming into focus for the design of complex structures in research areas such as crystal engineering, molecular recognition and catalysis. Conceptionally, chalcogen bonds can be considered as interaction between one σ-hole and one Lewis base center. Herein, we analyze the interaction between bidentate chelating ligands having two nucleophilic centers with one single σ-hole of a chalcogenazole (two-lone-pair/one-σ-hole interactions). Referring to this, we show by quantum chemical calculations and X-ray studies that three bond types are possible: in the first case, a chalcogen bond is formed between the σ-hole and only one of the Lewis base centers. In the second case, a strong bond is formed by one nucleophilic center; the second center provides only a small amount of additional stabilization. In the third case, two equivalent bonds to the σ-hole are formed by both Lewis base centers. According to the calculations, the bifurcated bonds are stronger than simple chalcogen bonds and lead to a more rigid molecular arrangement in the complex.
Scaphometacarpal Stabilization Technique for Repairable Scapholunate Injury
Authors: Pajares S. , Gómez-Álvarez J. , Sola-Mallo X
Published: June 2022

Despite the numerous techniques (both arthroscopic and open) for the treatment of acute scapholunate instability, there is no consensus on which one results in better healing of the ligaments. In the present work, we describe a new surgical technique to achieve stability of the scaphoid that enables the reduction inflexion and pronation of this bone when dissociation is produced. Using a high-strength suture wire with double cortical button anchor (Mini TightRope, Arthrex, Naples, FL, US, or MicroLink, Conmed, Largo, FL, US) stabilization of the scaphoid is achieved to protect ligament healing without the need for postoperative immobilization.
Liver Dysfunction in COVID-19: From Onset to Recovery
Authors: Yuan Wen-Zheng , Fu Tao
Published: June 2022

With the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide, extrapulmonary lesions, including liver dysfunction, have attracted growing attention. The mechanisms underlying liver dysfunction in COVID-19 remain unclear. The reported prevalence of liver dysfunction varies widely across studies. In addition, its impact on clinical outcomes and its recovery after discharge are still controversial. In this review, pathological and laboratory findings were analyzed to reveal the potential mechanisms of COVID-19-induced liver injury from onset to recovery. Four patterns of liver damage were summarized according to the pathological findings, including hypoxemia and shock changes, vascular thrombosis and vascular damage, bile duct damage, and other histological changes. With a strict definition, the prevalence of liver dysfunction was not as high as reported. Meanwhile, liver dysfunction improved during the process of recovery. Nevertheless, the definite liver dysfunction was significantly associated with severe clinical course, which should not be ignored.
Congenital Radial Dysplasia
Authors: Becerra Manuel Méndez , D'Angelo Pamela Escalona , Pérez Magdalena Méndez
Published: June 2022

Radial dysplasia (RD) is a congenital condition which can affect the entire upper limb, compromising multiple tissues, and it always features alterations in the thumb. It can be uni- or bilateral condition, the latter being very disabling. Treatment with manipulations, casts and/or orthoses is recommended for the least severe presentations of this disease. The surgical treatment is reserved for the most severe cases, and carpal centralization is the treatment of choice today. The most frequent complication of this intervention is the recurrence of the deformity. The patients submitted to the surgical treatment report a significant improvement in the cosmetic aspect of the extremity. The current challenge is to improve the follow-up and the use of functional assessment tools regarding the results.