bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antiplatelet therapy and long-term mortality in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Kim Jihoon , Park Jungchan , Kwon Ji-hye , Lee Jong Hwan , Yang Kwangmo , Min Jeong Jin , Lee Sang-Chol , Park Seung Woo , Lee Seung-Hwa
Published: August 2023

Backgrounds

Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) has recently been accepted as a common complication associated with increased mortality. However, little is known about the treatment of MINS. The aim of this study was to investigate an association between antiplatelet therapy and long-term mortality after MINS.

Methods

From 2010 to 2019, patients with MINS, defined as having a peak high-sensitivity troponin I higher than 40 ng/L within 30 days after non-cardiac surgery, were screened at a tertiary centre. Patients were excluded if they had a history of coronary revascularisation before or during index hospitalisation. Clinical outcomes at 1 year were compared between patients with and without antiplatelet therapy at hospital discharge. The primary outcome was death, and the secondary outcome was major bleeding.

Results

Of the 3818 eligible patients with MINS, 940 (24.6%) received antiplatelet therapy at hospital discharge. Patients with antiplatelet therapy had a significantly lower mortality at 1 year than those without antiplatelet therapy (7.5% vs 15.9%, adjusted HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.79, p<0.001). A risk of major bleeding at 1 year was not significantly different between the patients with and without antiplatelet therapy (6.6% vs 7.6%, adjusted HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.17, p=0.324). In propensity score-matched analysis of 886 pairs, patients with antiplatelet therapy had a significantly lower risk of 1-year mortality (adjusted HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.73, p<0.001) than those without antiplatelet therapy.

Conclusions

In patients with MINS, antiplatelet therapy at discharge was associated with decreased 1-year mortality.
Holographic superfluid with gauge–axion coupling
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Xi-Jing , Wu Jian-Pin , Zhang Xin
Published: August 2023

We have constructed a holographic superfluid with gauge–axion coupling. Depending on whether the coupling is positive or negative, the system displays metallic or insulating behavior in its normal state. A significant feature of the system is the appearance of a mid-IR peak in the alternating current (AC) conductivity in a certain range of parameters. This peak arises due to competition between explicit symmetry breaking (ESB) and spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB), which results in the presence of a pseudo-Goldstone mode. Moreover, a dip in low-frequency AC conductivity is observed, stemming from the excitation of the SSB Goldstone mode. In the superfluid phase, the effect of gauge–axion coupling on the condensation or superfluid energy gap is only amplified in the presence of strong momentum dissipation. Notably, for the case with negative gauge–axion coupling, a hard-gap-like behavior at low frequency and a pronounced peak at intermediate frequency are observed, indicating that the evolution of the superfluid component is distinct from that of positive coupling.
Thermally stable dopant-free soluble phthalocyanines as hole transporting materials for Perovskite solar cells
Authors: Srivishnu K.S. , Palacharala Sai Prasanna , Giribabu Lingamallu
Published: August 2023

In enhancing the durability and photovoltaic performance of Perovskite solar cells, Hole transport Materials (HTMs) play the key role. In search of new HTMs, in this work, we have designed, synthesized and characterized 3,4,5 trimethoxy phenoxy substituent free-base soluble phthalocyanine (H2-TmPc) along with their metallo derivates with Cu(II) (Cu-TmPc) and Zn(II) (Zn-TmPc) derivatives and applied them as HTMs for PSC. All three HTMs were characterized by optical, electrochemical, thermal and impedance studies. Absorption spectra in chlorobenzene revealed two Q bands and a soret band whereas metallo derivatives showed a single Q and soret band. Electrochemical studies revealed that these HTMs are capable of extracting holes from the Perovskite layer. Impedance studies showed that Cu-TmPc showed high specific conductance of 1.78× 10[Formula: see text] when compared to other derivatives. Based on these data PSCs were fabricated with these Pc series as HTMs and SnO2 as ETL layer and noticed that Cu-TmPc gave a power conversion efficiency of 5.7%.
Spin Pumping in Moderately Perpendicular W/CoFeB/HfOx Thin Films
Authors: Gaur Shiva , Behera Nilamani , Åkerman Johan , Raghav Anubhav
Published: August 2023

Large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and spin-orbit torques are two essential requirements for high-density and energy-efficient spintronic devices. Recent advances in magneto-electric and magneto-ionic control of PMA and spin-orbit torques have opened a pathway to explore different oxide materials with large dielectric constant and high ion mobility. Motivated by interesting memristive properties of HfOx, here, using broadband ferromagnetic resonance measurements, we study the spin pumping in-plane to perpendicularly magnetized W(5[Formula: see text]nm)/CoFeB(tCFB) system capped with 4[Formula: see text]nm HfOx thin films. We find a large spin pumping and significant PMA strength for HfOx-based thin films. Using ferromagnetic thickness dependence, we also calculate the spin mixing conductance in the trilayer system which is found to be similar to MgO-based thin film stacks. These results will be highly useful for various spintronic applications with electro-static, ionic and memristive gating.
MAAIP
Authors: Younes Mohamed , Kijak Ewa , Kulpa Richard , Malinowski Simon , Multon Franck
Published: August 2023

Simulating realistic interaction and motions for physics-based characters is of great interest for interactive applications, and automatic secondary character animation in the movie and video game industries. Recent works in reinforcement learning have proposed impressive results for single character simulation, especially the ones that use imitation learning based techniques. However, imitating multiple characters interactions and motions requires to also model their interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel Multi-Agent Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning based approach that generalizes the idea of motion imitation for one character to deal with both the interaction and the motions of the multiple physics-based characters. Two unstructured datasets are given as inputs: 1) a single-actor dataset containing motions of a single actor performing a set of motions linked to a specific application, and 2) an interaction dataset containing a few examples of interactions between multiple actors. Based on these datasets, our system trains control policies allowing each character to imitate the interactive skills associated with each actor, while preserving the intrinsic style. This approach has been tested on two different fighting styles, boxing and full-body martial art, to demonstrate the ability of the method to imitate different styles.
Too Stiff, Too Strong, Too Smart
Authors: Xie Kaixiang , Xu Pei , Andrews Sheldon , Zordan Victor B. , Kry Paul G.
Published: August 2023

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods have demonstrated impressive results for skilled motion synthesis of physically based characters, and while these methods perform well in terms of tracking reference motions or achieving complex tasks, several concerns arise when evaluating the naturalness of the motion. In this paper, we conduct a preliminary study of specific quantitative metrics for measuring the naturalness of motion produced by DRL control policies beyond their visual appearance. Namely, we propose to study the stiffness of the control policy, in anticipation that it will influence how the character behaves in the presence of external perturbation. Second, we establish two baselines for strength that allow evaluating the use of joint torques in comparison to human performance. Third, we propose the study of variability to reveal the unnatural precision of control policies and how they compare to real human motion. In sum, we aim to establish repeatable measures to assess the naturalness of control policies produced by DRL methods, and we present a set of comparisons from state-of-the-art systems. Finally, we propose simple modifications to improve realism on these axes.
A Multilevel Active-Set Preconditioner for Box-Constrained Pressure Poisson Solvers
Authors: Takahashi Tetsuya , Batty Christopher
Published: August 2023

Efficiently solving large-scale box-constrained convex quadratic programs (QPs) is an important computational challenge in physical simulation. We propose a new multilevel preconditioning scheme based on the active-set method and combine it with modified proportioning with reduced gradient projections (MPRGP) to efficiently solve such QPs arising from pressure Poisson equations with non-negative pressure constraints in fluid animation. Our method employs a purely algebraic multigrid method to ensure the solvability of the coarser level systems and to merge only algebraically-connected components, thereby avoiding performance degradation of the preconditioner. We present a filtering scheme to efficiently apply our multilevel preconditioning only to unconstrained subsystems of the pressure Poisson system while reusing the hierarchy constructed per simulation step. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method over previous approaches in various examples.
MFD: Multi-object Frequency Feature Recognition and State Detection Based on RFID-single Tag
Authors: Zhu Biaokai , Yang Zejiao , Jia Yupeng , Chen Shengxin , Song Jie , Liu Sanman , Li Ping , Li Feng , Li Deng-Ao
Published: August 2023

Vibration is a normal reaction that occurs during the operation of machinery and is very common in industrial systems. How to turn fine-grained vibration perception into visualization, and further predict mechanical failures and reduce property losses based on visual vibration information, which has aroused our thinking. In this article, the phase information generated by the tag is processed and analyzed, and MFD is proposed, a real-time vibration monitoring and fault-sensing discrimination system. MFD extracts phase information from the original RF signal and converts it into a Markov transition map by introducing White Gaussian Noise and a low-pass filter for denoising. To accurately predict the failure of machinery, a deep and machine learning model is introduced to calculate the accuracy of failure analysis, realizing real-time monitoring and fault judgment. The test results show that the average recognition accuracy of vibration can reach 96.07%, and the average recognition accuracy of forward rotation, reverse rotation, oil spill, and screw loosening of motor equipment during long-term operation can reach 98.53%, 99.44%, 97.87%, and 99.91%, respectively, with high robustness.
Bayesian Inference for Misspecified Generative Models
Authors: Nott David J. , Drovandi Christopher , Frazier David T.
Published: August 2023

Bayesian inference is a powerful tool for combining information in complex settings, a task of increasing importance in modern applications. However, Bayesian inference with a flawed model can produce unreliable conclusions. This review discusses approaches to performing Bayesian inference when the model is misspecified, where, by misspecified, we mean that the analyst is unwilling to act as if the model is correct. Much has been written about this topic, and in most cases we do not believe that a conventional Bayesian analysis is meaningful when there is serious model misspecification. Nevertheless, in some cases it is possible to use a well-specified model to give meaning to a Bayesian analysis of a misspecified model, and we focus on such cases. Three main classes of methods are discussed: restricted likelihood methods, which use a model based on an insufficient summary of the original data; modular inference methods, which use a model constructed from coupled submodels, with some of the submodels correctly specified; and the use of a reference model to construct a projected posterior or predictive distribution for a simplified model considered to be useful for prediction or interpretation.
Performance and Impedance of a Partially Flooded Cathode Catalyst Layer in a Low-Platinum Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Kulikovsky Andrei
Published: August 2023

A model for performance and impedance of a partially flooded cathode catalyst layer (CCL) in a low-platinum PEM fuel cell is developed. The CCL is modeled by a system of cylindrical pores approximating real pore–size distribution in the electrode. The model includes oxygen transport along the pores and through the ionomer film covering Pt/C agglomerates. Part of the pore domain adjacent to the membrane is allowed to be flooded. Fitting of the model to experimental impedance spectra of a low-platinum PEM fuel cell shows 30%–40% CCL flooding. Flooding effectively reduces the CCL volume available for current conversion, thereby lowering the limiting current density due to oxygen transport through the ionomer film.
Thiostrepton-Nanomedicine, a TLR9 Inhibitor, Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Esparza K. , Oliveira S. D. , Castellon M. , Minshall R. D. , Onyuksel H.
Published: August 2023

Sepsis is a life-threatening clinical condition caused by infection and transposition of pathogens and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) into the host bloodstream. During sepsis, activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) on immune cells triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and overstimulates the production of vasodilatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO). These vascular changes lead to widespread inflammation, tissue damage, multiple organ failure, and often death. New therapeutic options are urgently needed. To this end, thiostrepton (TST) has emerged as a candidate for sepsis treatment due to its action as an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory molecule (TLR7-9 inhibitor). Reports in the literature suggest that TLR9 inhibition substantially suppresses the excessive host inflammatory response and attenuates sepsis-induced mortality in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) murine model of sepsis. However, to the best of our knowledge, TST has never been directly tested as a therapeutic option for the management of sepsis, possibly due to its low water solubility and drug delivery issues. These facts prompted us to test the central hypothesis that TST encapsulated in phospholipid sterically stabilized micelles (TST-SSM) could be developed into a novel treatment for sepsis. Thus, using our published method of encapsulating the hydrophobic antibiotic TST-SSM, we evaluated the in vivo efficacy of TST-SSM nanomedicine in the murine model of polymicrobial sepsis. We found that TST-SSM increased the median survival of CLP-induced septic mice from 31 to 44 hr by reducing the bacterial burden in the blood and peritoneal lavage. Moreover, plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and NO derivatives were also reduced, whereas renal and hepatic function biomarkers creatinine and aspartate transferase were significantly improved. In conclusion, we identified that TST-SSM nanomedicine has significant potential as a therapeutic agent for sepsis management, primarily due to its anti-inflammatory and antibiotic properties.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs) with KRAS Mutation: A Rare but Important Subset of GISTs
Authors: Mullen Dorinda , Vajpeyi Rajkumar , Capo-Chichi Jose-Mario , Nowak Klaudia , Wong Newton , Chetty Runjan
Published: August 2023

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the GI tract, usually found in the stomach, jejunum, and ileum. Typically, they are KIT or PDGFR-mutated, allowing for targetable treatments with tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib. Here, we present two KRAS-mutated wild-type gastrointestinal tumours (GISTs). Both cases occurred in the small bowel of females. Immunohistochemical studies on both tumours showed KIT and DOG-1 positivity, with SDHB retained. Molecular analysis revealed a KRAS G12D mutation and a KRAS G13D mutation, respectively. Wild-type GISTs are extremely uncommon. They typically occur in the stomach or the small bowel. KRAS is one of the genes implicated in this subset of GIST, with KRAS G12D being the most frequently encountered mutation. GIST KRAS mutations can arise alone or in conjunction with KIT, PDFRA, or BRAF mutations. Identification of these rare molecular subtypes is clinically important due to their resistance to imatinib therapy.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Application of Proteomics in Infectious Disease
Authors: Yihunie Fanuel Bizuayehu , Belete Mequanint Addisu , Fentahun Gizachew , Getachew Solomon , Dubie Teshager
Published: August 2023

The study of an organism’s genome, often known as “genomics,” has advanced quickly, producing a wealth of publicly accessible genetic data. Despite how valuable the genome is; proteins essentially control most aspects of cell function. Proteomics, or the comprehensive study of proteins, has emerged as an important technology for disease characterization, diagnosis, prognosis, drug development, and therapy. Proteomics technologies are now used to support the diagnosis and treatment of both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Nevertheless, it is more difficult to describe a proteomic profile since a single gene product may result in a number of unique proteins, and proteins have a wider range of chemical configurations. The proteome profiles of a particular organism, tissue, or cell are impacted by a variety of environmental factors, including those triggered by infectious agents. This review intends to highlight the applications of proteomics in the study of disease diagnosis and treatment. In this review, the different technologies used in proteomics studies, like two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and protein microarray as well as biomarker discovery and drug target identification using proteomics, have also been focused on.
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Acne with Sensitive Skin
Authors: Sheng Anqi , Zhou Miaoni , Hu Wenting , Jin Rong , Bian Ke , Hua You , Lin Fuquan , Xu Ai’e
Published: August 2023

Background. Acne is a prevalent skin disorder that primarily affects seborrheic areas. It occurs due to hair follicle obstruction and subsequent inflammation. Patients with acne often exhibit compromised skin barrier function and sensitivity, making treatment challenging. Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of acne complicated by sensitive skin and explore the associated physiological changes. Methods. The lactic acid test and capsaicin test were employed to identify subjects with simple acne and those with acne and sensitive skin. Physiological characteristics were assessed in both groups. Two random groups were selected from the subjects with acne and sensitive skin. One group received treatment for acne alone, while the other group received combined treatment for acne and sensitive skin care. The efficacy and physiological function of the two groups were compared after treatment. Results. Among 170 acne patients, 99 were identified as having acne with sensitive skin. Patients with acne and sensitive skin exhibited significantly higher scores on the lactic acid test and capsaicin test compared to those with simple acne. They also showed increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), decreased skin cuticle hydration (SCH), thinner epidermis, and thicker blood vessels. The group receiving combined treatment demonstrated a more significant reduction in the number of skin lesions and IGA scores compared to the group receiving treatment for acne alone. They also exhibited lower scores on the lactate and capsaicin tests, along with decreases in TEWL and increases in SCH. Conclusions. Acne with sensitive skin is highly prevalent and is associated with distinct physiological characteristics. Combined treatment targeting both acne and sensitive skin yields excellent clinical outcomes and improves skin’s physiological function. These findings underscore the importance of considering sensitive skin in the clinical management of acne.
Distributed Fixed‐Time Event‐Triggered Consensus Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Multiagent Systems with Actuator Failures
Authors: Wang Jianhui , Wang Chen , Chen Kairui , Chen Zitao
Published: August 2023

A fixed‐time event‐triggered consensus control method is proposed for uncertain nonlinear multiagent systems with actuator failures. Since actuator failures, external disturbances and control gains are time‐varying and completely unknown, the effects of these system constraints on the system are completely unknown, which makes the implementation of fixed‐time tracking control challenging. To deal with these system constraints, radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) are applied to approximate the uncertain dynamics, and a boundary estimation method is presented to achieve adaptive compensation for them. Furthermore, considering that the implementation of this boundary estimation method requires a large number of communication resources, an event triggering mechanism is designed to reduce the update frequency of the controller. It is theoretically confirmed that using the proposed control scheme, all the followers can track the leader with sufficient accuracy in a predetermined time, and all the closed‐loop signals are bounded. Finally, the simulation experiments verify the theoretical results.
The Study of Transport Properties of (III−Mn) V Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
Authors: Jira Edosa Tasisa , Berry Habte Dulla
Published: August 2023

We investigated the transport properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) theoretically by using the Heisenberg and Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida (RKKY) exchange interaction models by considering both spin and charge disorder. The formalism is applied to the specific case of

Ga

1
−
x

Mn

x

As

. Using the Heisenberg model and the Green function formalism the total thermal excitation of the magnon is calculated. The magnetization and Curie temperature of

Mn

-doped

GaAs

is calculated. The theoretical calculation of

T

C

of

Ga

1
−
x

Mn

x

As

at x = 0.08 has a good agreement with the experimental calculation at x = 0.08 (i.e., 162 k). The exchange interaction constant and spin-dependent relaxation time is calculated by using RKKY interaction. The electrical conductivity and hole mobility are calculated by using the Boltzmann transport equation and the spin-dependent relaxation time. The electrical conductivity of

Mn

-doped III–V DMS is exponentially increased with temperature and magnetic impurity concentration. Hole mobility of

Mn

-doped III–V diluted magnetic semiconductor is increased with the magnetic impurity concentration.
TABLE 3 from A First-in-human, Dose-escalation Study of the Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Carducci Michael A. , Wang Ding , Habermehl Christina , Bödding Matthias , Rohdich Felix , Lignet Floriane , Duecker Klaus , Karpenko Oleksandr , Pudelko Linda , Gimmi Claude , LoRusso Patricia
Published: August 2023

TEAEs occurring in ≥15% of patients overall by dose level
TABLE 2 from A First-in-human, Dose-escalation Study of the Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Carducci Michael A. , Wang Ding , Habermehl Christina , Bödding Matthias , Rohdich Felix , Lignet Floriane , Duecker Klaus , Karpenko Oleksandr , Pudelko Linda , Gimmi Claude , LoRusso Patricia
Published: August 2023

Overview of TEAEs for M8891
Risk Factors for Lenvatinib-Induced High-Grade Hypothyroidism in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Uekusa Shusuke , Nemoto Maho , Hanai Yuki , Nakashin Misaki , Miyagawa Arisu , Yanagino Sachiko , Arita Yoshiki , Matsumoto Takahiro , Nishizawa Kenji , Nagai Hidenari , Higai Koji , Matsuo Kazuhiro
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Lenvatinib mesylate (LEN) is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC treatment with LEN is associated with a very high incidence of adverse events, especially hypothyroidism. This study investigated the incidence of hypothyroidism due to LEN and the relationships between hypothyroidism incidence and patient demographics by analyzing clinical laboratory data from HCC patients treated with LEN. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study of HCC patients who received LEN between April 19, 2018, and September 30, 2020. The observation period was from 1 week before the start of LEN administration to 1 month after the end of administration. Results: In total, 61 patients with HCC were enrolled. High-grade hypothyroidism (CTCAE Grade 2–3) was found in 36.1% (22/61 patients). In high-grade hypothyroidism, eosinophil (EOSINO) count was significantly low (p = 0.029). The cutoff value of EOSINO count was estimated to be approximately 150/µL. The adjusted odds ratios of high-grade hypothyroidism for current smoking and EOSINO count <150/µL were 0.237 (95% confidence interval: 0.063–0.893) and 4.219 (95% confidence interval: 1.119–15.92), respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that noncurrent smoking and EOSINO count <150/µL are risk factors for LEN-induced high-grade hypothyroidism.
Recomendações para correção e adubação de pastagens tropicais
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Pereira Lilian Elgalise Techio , Nishida Nathalia Tami ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Carvalho Lucas da Rocha ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Herling Valdo Rodrigues ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos
Published: August 2023

O objetivo da obra é fornecer instruções, de maneira simples e prática, para correção e adubação de pastagens tropicais. A elaboração deste livro é uma das iniciativas de ampliação no acesso à informação e transferência de tecnologia, desenvolvida pelo Grupo de Estudos em Forragicultura e Pastagens (GEFEP) da Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA-USP). Os autores esperam que essa iniciativa possa colaborar para o desenvolvimento dos sistemas produtivos na região, contribuir para a recuperação das pastagens e, ainda, oportunizar melhorias em produtividade e persistência das gramíneas tropicais.
Hypertension-Driven Regulatory T-Cell Perturbations Accelerate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Sun Xuan , Feng Yuting , Gong Chenyi , Bao Xue , Wei Zhonghai , Chang Lei , Chen Haiting , Xu Biao
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Patients with a history of hypertension have elevated inflammation and a worse prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are reported to lose their immunosuppressive capacity under pathological conditions. However, whether hypertension leads to Treg dysfunction, thus accelerating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, is still unknown.

METHODS:

Studies were performed in hypertensive rats and mice with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The frequencies and phenotypes of Tregs were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Reconstruction Treg experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of Tregs on ischemia-reperfusion injury. Patients with AMI were enrolled to assess circulating Tregs, inflammatory cytokines, and cardiac function.

RESULTS:

In this study, we found that hypertension leads to proinflammatory Th1 (T helper 1 cell)-like Treg subsets with compromised suppressive capacity. Reconstruction Treg experiments identified that dysfunctional Tregs induced by hypertension play a pathogenic role in the progression of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In particular, we identified HDAC6 (histone deacetylase 6) as a central regulator in the perturbed Tregs. Clinical studies revealed that the hypertension-induced reduction in circulating Tregs strongly correlated with the higher occurrence rate of microvascular obstruction in AMI patients with hypertension.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study provided promising clues to explain the poor prognosis of hypertensive AMI patients due to alterations in Tregs. Targeting disturbed Tregs may be a new strategy to treat AMI patients with hypertension.
Impact of Successive Office Blood Pressure Measurements During a Single Visit on Cardiovascular Risk Prediction: Analysis of CARTaGENE
Authors: Desbiens Louis-Charles , Nadeau-Fredette Annie-Claire , Madore François , Agharazii Mohsen , Goupil Rémi
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Multiple office blood pressure (BP) readings correlate more closely with ambulatory BP than single readings. Whether they are associated with long-term outcomes and improve cardiovascular risk prediction is unknown. Our objective was to assess the long-term impact of multiple office BP readings.

METHODS:

We used data from CARTaGENE, a population-based survey comprising individuals aged 40 to 70 years. Three BP readings (BP
1
, BP
2
, and BP
3
) at 2-minute intervals were obtained using a semiautomated device. They were averaged to generate BP
1-2
, BP
2-3
, and BP
1-2-3
for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP. Cardiovascular events (major adverse cardiovascular event [MACE]: cardiovascular death, stroke, and myocardial infarction) during a 10-year follow-up were recorded. Associations with MACE were obtained using adjusted Cox models. Predictive performance was assessed with 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease scores and their associated C statistics.

RESULTS:

In the 17 966 eligible individuals, 2378 experienced a MACE during follow-up. Crude SBP values ranged from 122.5 to 126.5 mm Hg. SBP
3
had the strongest association with MACE incidence (hazard ratio, 1.10 [1.05–1.15] per SD) and SBP
1
the weakest (hazard ratio, 1.06 [1.01–1.10]). All models including SBP
1
(SBP
1
, SBP
1-2
, and SBP
1-2-3
) were underperformed. At a given SBP value, the excess MACE risk conferred by SBP
3
was 2× greater than SBP
1
. In atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease scores, SBP
3
yielded the highest C statistic, significantly higher than most other SBP measures. In contrast to SBP, all diastolic BP readings yielded similar results.

CONCLUSIONS:

Cardiovascular risk prediction is improved by successive office SBP values, especially when the first reading is discarded. These findings reinforce the necessity of using multiple office BP readings.
Long-Term Stroke Risk in Patients With New Ischemic Brain Lesions on MRI After Carotid Revascularization
Authors: Donners Simone J.A. , Rots Marjolijn L. , Toorop Raechel J. , van der Lugt Aad , Bonati Leo H. , de Borst Gert J.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Carotid artery revascularization can result in new ischemic brain lesions on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between periprocedural ischemic diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesions after carotid artery revascularization and recurrent long-term cerebrovascular events.

METHODS:

A secondary observational prospective cohort analysis of existing clinical trial data was performed on 162 patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis that were previously randomized to carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy in the ICSS (International Carotid Stenting Study) and included in the magnetic resonance imaging substudy. Magnetic resonance imagings were performed 1 to 7 days before and 1 to 3 days after treatment. The primary composite clinical outcome was the time to any stroke or transient ischemic attack during follow-up. Patients with new diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesions on posttreatment magnetic resonance imaging scan (DWI+) were compared with patients without new lesions (DWI–).

RESULTS:

The median time of follow-up was 8.6 years (interquartile range, 5.0–12.5). Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence for the primary outcome after 12.5-year follow-up was 35.3% (SE, 8.9%) in DWI+ patients and 31.1% (SE, 5.6%) in DWI− patients. Uni- and multivariable regression analyses did not show significant differences (hazard ratio, 1.50 [95% CI, 0.76–2.94] and hazard ratio, 1.30 [95% CI, 0.10–1.02], respectively). Higher event rate of the primary outcome in DWI+ patients in the overall cohort was mainly caused by events in the carotid artery stenting group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Based on our outcome analysis within the ICSS magnetic resonance imaging substudy, DWI lesions following carotid revascularization did not seem to have a relationship with long-term stroke risk.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: ISRCTN 25337470.
Clinical Scales in Aneurysm Rupture Prediction
Authors: Sanchez Sebastian , Miller Jacob M. , Samaniego Edgar A.
Published: August 2023

The rate of incidentally discovered unruptured intracranial aneurysms has increased with the broad availability of neuroimaging. The determination of the risk of rupture of brain aneurysms is challenging. Several clinical scales for aneurysm rupture prediction have been developed. The most common scales are PHASES, ELAPSS, and UIATS. These scales are not routinely used in clinical practice due to inherent shortcomings. In this review, we analyze the risk factors used in generating these scales and the performance of these scales in clinical studies. We also discuss new potential biomarkers and tools to predict aneurysm rupture.
Erratum: QUANHONG ZHANG, ALEXEY V. SOLOVYEV, JIAMIN LIANG, MIN WANG & HOUSHUAI WANG (2023) A new species of Griseothosea (Lepidoptera, Limacodidae) from Wuyishan National Park, China. Zootaxa, 5323 (3), 429–434.
Authors: ZHANG QUANHONG , SOLOVYEV ALEXEY V. , LIANG JIAMIN , WANG MIN , WANG HOUSHUAI
Published: August 2023

N/A
Phylogenetic evidence and morphological diagnosis for a new species of Parasesarma De Man, 1895 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae) from Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: SHAHDADI ADNAN , SCHUBART CHRISTOPH D. , MENDOZA JOSE CHRISTOPHER E.
Published: August 2023

A new species of Parasesarma, P. rahayuae n. sp., is described from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Genetically, the new species is distinct from all other known species of Parasesarma and has a close phylogenetic relationship with P. anambas Yeo, Rahayu & Ng, 2004 and P. gemmatum Li, Shih & Ng, 2019. Morphologically, the new species most closely resembles P. anambas and P. gemmatum, but can be distinguished from these two species by the shape of the dactylar tubercles of the male chela and of the male first gonopod. This is the fourth species of Parasesarma recorded from Sulawesi, and with its description, the number of species assigned to the genus Parasesarma is 58.
Static Energy Deserves Greater Emphasis in the Meteorology Community
Authors: Chavas Daniel R. , Peters John
Published: August 2023

Potential temperature and static energy are both useful quantities for understanding our atmosphere, yet static energy receives much less attention in weather science relative to climate science. Bridging this conceptual gap is important, as there is a pressing need for our communities to work together to understand and predict changing weather patterns in a warming world. Here we provide evidence for this gap in usage in American Meteorological Society journal publications and in introductory textbooks. We then describe key benefits of static energy for explaining basic concepts in atmospheric science. We encourage scientists and educators unfamiliar with static energy to familiarize themselves with the concept and consider incorporating it into their science and teaching.
The Fanonian Turn: Review—Leswin Laubscher, Derek Hook, and Miraj Desai (eds), Fanon, Phenomenology, and Psychology, Routledge, New York & London, and Nigel C. Gibson (ed.), Fanon Today: Reason and Revolt of the Wretched of the Earth, Daraja Press, Montreal, Quebec
Authors: Dey Sayan
Published: August 2023

This is a review essay on two edited volumes titled Fanon Today and Fanon, Phenomenology, and Psychology. The essay reflects on the diverse ways in which Frantz Fanon’s ideologies and philosophies have been explored by the authors in different racial, social, cultural, historical, political, economic, gendered, and geographical contexts. The essay also argues how the contributions collectively voice toward building a transcultural and transcontinental solidarity of “Fanonian Turn.”
Domestic Lobbying for External Change: Textile Sector and Pakistan’s Entry into Generalised System of Preferences Plus
Authors: Munir Syed Rashid
Published: August 2023

How do export-oriented factions influence trade policy? Export-oriented industries have incentives to expand trade, as doing so results in greater market access and higher profits. To achieve higher trade, such industries lobby policymakers through associations and interest groups that vie for policy influence. This paper suggests that such organization allows exporters to lobby governments at both the domestic and international levels. Domestically, exporters can take vocal positions on policy and pressure the government into concessions. Externally, exporters can placate opposition to their proposals by engaging in diplomacy and negotiation to finalize agreements. This paper uses Pakistan’s quest for Generalised System of Preferences Plus status with the European Union (EU) as an illustration of this mechanism. Influential domestic factions in Pakistan’s textile sector stood to benefit from preferential trading with the EU, and they successfully lobbied for favorable change in the country’s domestic policy and external relations. Evidence for this argument is presented using archival newspaper research from 2009 to 2013.
“Heroes and Villains”: Media Constructions of Minoritized Groups in Hong Kong’s Season of Discontent
Authors: Bhowmik Miron Kumar , Kennedy Kerry J. , Chan Aaron Hin-tat , Gube Jan Christian C.
Published: August 2023

Hong Kong witnessed unprecedented protests from June 2019 to early 2020. Drawing on frame analysis, this study explores the discourse and ideologies related to minoritized groups using multiple media sources. The findings revealed that there were multiple constructions of minoritized groups and their engagement in the protests: Niche/pro-democracy and liberal media were inclined to make “heroes” of their engagement while pro-China media seemed to revert to an older style of negative reporting portraying them as “villains.” The exploitation of minoritized groups for political purposes raises important issues about media ethics, “fake news,” and the role of ideology in news reporting.
Spiking Versus Speculation? Perceived Prevalence, Probability, and Fear of Drink and Needle Spiking
Authors: Bendau Antonia , Michnevich Twyla , Petzold Moritz B. , Piest Andrea , Schmolke Rüdiger , Jakobson Daniel , Ahrend Katharin , Reitz Thale , Roediger Lukas , Betzler Felix
Published: August 2023

Contrasting widespread speculation in the media and public debate about spiking (administration of a substance to a person without their knowledge/consent), empirical evidence on the subject is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the assumed prevalence, perceived likelihood, and fear of drink-versus needle-spiking, and associated mental strain. Data from a cross-sectional online-survey (November 2022 – January 2023) of 1916 adults connected to Berlin’s nightlife-scene were analyzed. Almost a quarter reported having experienced drink-spiking, but only a small fraction sought medical or police attention; about 1% suspected needle-spiking. Presumptive victims of drink-spiking rated the likelihood and fear of spiking significantly higher and exhibited more symptoms of depression and anxiety. Considering toxicological and police findings, the reported prevalence and perceived likelihood of spiking seem to be highly overestimated. This, in conjunction with associated mental strain, highlights the importance of adequately addressing the issue of spiking through psychoeducation, prevention, and interprofessional investigation.
Hobson on White Parasitism and Its Solutions
Authors: Tan Benjamin R. Y.
Published: August 2023

Since the publication of J. A. Hobson’s (1858–1940) Imperialism: A Study in 1902, the text has been studied—even celebrated—as a liberal or proto-Marxist critique of modern empires. This reputation stands in some tension with the text itself, which defends various forms of imperial domination. While scholars have addressed this tension, they remain divided over how best to understand Hobson’s imperial commitments. Offering a new response to this debate, I argue that a key dimension of Imperialism has been overlooked—namely, Hobson’s conception of humanity as stratified into a hierarchy of racial “souls.” This deeply committed view of human difference undergirded Hobson’s arguments about the moral and practical limits of Western imperial power. This article shows how Hobson articulated imperialism as the “parasitic” rule of whites over the nonwhite world—the solution to which was not the rejection of empire but the reform of white imperial power in accordance with his normative vision of global racial hierarchy. This recovery reveals the redemptive critique at the core of Imperialism and enables us to more readily grasp the text as a form of imperial apologetics. The article concludes with the suggestion that Hobson is better understood not as a liberal- or socialist-imperialist but as a proponent of racial capitalism on a global scale.
Prevalence and correlates of sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder on antipsyhotic medications in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Shettima Falmata Baba , Wakil Musa Abba , Sheikh Taiwo Lateef , Abdulaziz Mohammed , Rabbebe Isa Bukar , Wakawa Ibrahim Abdu , Placidus Ogualili
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Despite the importance of a satisfying sexual life, most patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders do not discuss sexual issue with their clinicians. The current study seeks to determine the prevalence and socio-clinical correlates of sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders receiving typical and atypical antipsychotic medications. The second objective is to determine the frequency and correlates of specific sexual dysfunction (desire, arousal, erection/lubrication and orgasm) by gender and drug type using the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale.

Methodology

This cross-sectional study used standardized structured interviewer based survey to assess sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia that are both sexually active and inactive at a tertiary hospital in Maiduguri from December 2020 to April 2021. Participants were also assayed for prolactin using ELISA Kit for a possible association with sexual dysfunction.

Results

The overall prevalence of sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder receiving antipsychotics was 34% with patients on typical and atypical antipsychotics reporting rates of 36.8% and 24.6%, respectively. Among the typical and atypical antipsychotics, patients receiving haloperidol (40.3%) and risperidone (37.5%) reported a relatively higher frequency of sexual dysfunction compared to those receiving clozapine (18.2%). Independent correlates of sexual dysfunction were: female gender (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.17-3.06; P = .010), being unmarried (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.17-1.96; P = .001), pseudoparkinsonism (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.02-2.69; P = .008), prolactin (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.34-3.43; P = .001) and severity of illness (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.03-1.75; P = .030).

Conclusion

Sexual dysfunction is prevalent among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder receiving either typical or atypical antipsychotics.
Hair Messages: A Context for Exploring Racial Socialization Among African American Males
Authors: Smith Aremu M. , Humphries Marisha L. , Mbilishaka Afiya M. , Auguste Evan E.
Published: August 2023

Racial socialization is a multidimensional process that is critical to the social development of African American boys and men. Examining messages that may promote Black male racial socialization can provide insight into how race and gender identity development occur. This study explored how racial socialization is illustrated through recollected hair stories of African American men. A qualitative thematic analysis was utilized to examine the narrative data from 29 self-identified Black men. Three themes of racial socialization emerged: cultural socialization, negative messages, and self-worth messages, which were associated with experiences of barbershop traditions, “good hair” comments, and stories of hair autonomies, respectively. The findings support existing literature on gendered racial socialization and aim to identify hair messages as necessary variables in examining race and gender identity development in African American boys and men.
Surviving and thriving in school psychology through community building and storytelling: A collaborative autoethnography
Authors: Aguilar Lisa N. , Mojica Karina , Lim Hanna S. , Ruiz-Montoya Maria D. L. , Palmer Ja’Toria S. , Serratos Carissa B. , Soto Jaylin M.
Published: August 2023

As marginalized graduate students and faculty, we have stories to tell about our experiences within school psychology. Many of these stories center our oppression, trauma, and exclusion but some of them also center our joy and resistance. The purpose of this collaborative autoethnographic project was to create a counterspace in which we, BIWOC faculty and graduate students, could come together to engage in storytelling and build community amongst one another as a way to survive and thrive in academia. As a result of the counterspace, we are able to provide critical feedback and recommendations for school psychology programs to better support marginalized students and faculty. And we also offer critical hope and knowledge to marginalized graduate students and faculty who are currently in the field.
Caregiver Implemented Technology-Based Interventions for Children with Autism and Developmental Disabilities: A Research Synthesis
Authors: Cramer Allie M. , Watkins Laci , Bloomfield Brad , Pitzel Allyson , Ledbetter-Cho Katherine
Published: August 2023

Families of children with developmental disabilities in rural and underserved areas may lack access to direct service providers. Global pandemics such as COVID-19 have further affected access to service providers for most children, often shifting services online and increasing the role of technology and involvement of parents and caregivers in intervention. Thus, there is a need to examine the characteristics and effects of caregiver implemented technology-based interventions for children with developmental disabilities. The present synthesis evaluates the research on caregiver implemented technology-based interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disabilities aged 21 or younger. A systematic search of four electronic databases resulted in 14 single-case design studies which encompassed 58 participants with a developmental disability, along with 62 caregivers. Studies used a variety of technologies and involved strategies such as computer assisted instruction, self-management, and variations of video modeling. Interventions targeted a variety of outcomes and most incorporated behavioral strategies such as prompting or positive reinforcement. Results indicate positive outcomes without overly time intensive parent training; however, it is important to consider these findings within context of methodological strength, as only four included studies utilized strong experimental methods according to the evaluative framework provided by Reichow et al. (2008) . Implications for practice and recommendations for future research are provided.