bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Role of Dhoopan in the prevention of airborne infections (COVID-19)
Authors: Renu Bharat Rathi  , Bharat Jagdish Rathi  , Roshna S. Bhutada  , Devyani Dasar  , Rakesh Khatana
Published: August 2020

Dhoopan is a procedure in which fumes or smoke produced from defined drug formulations are inhaled/exposed by patients for the therapeutic relief or externally as a cleanser to the environment. There is a significant risk of spread of airborne infections with hospital-acquired infections and to mitigate Dhoopan is safe and effective to prevent such infections. The aim and objectives were to review and re-publicize the efficacy of Dhoopan in the prevention of diseases with the published data and Ayurveda compendium. The literature has been searched from database like Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Dhara online, other database and Ayurveda compendia from1980 to 2020. Dhoopan is an ancient method of sterilization for Vranitagar (vran/wound healing), Sutikagar, Kumaragar, etc. with preventive as well as curative efficacy. Smoke can be facilitated to expose or inhale in various diseases such as cough, coryza, piles, epilepsy, insanity, Asthma and wounds. The content of Dhoop are herbs, animal products (skin, hair, bones, horn, etc.) and minerals, described in Ayurveda compendia are potent anti-microbial, anti-fungal and antiviral action. Since time immemorial, sages used to clean the environment by Homa-havanadi rituals. However, due to the lacking scientific validation, these Dhoop methods are not popular, which bring attention to research opportunities and understand its safety and efficacy to prevent airborne infections. Dhoopakalpas are beneficial in dealing with airborne infection because of antioxidant and anti-microbial activity with safe, economical and eco-friendly potential. Thus, it can be publicized in the prevention of COVID 19 like a pandemic situation as an adjuvant.
COVID-19 And The Aching World
Authors: Harvindarsing Bawari  , Jagruti N. Chaple
Published: August 2020

God gave life for a living, but due to our unrealistic expectations of achieving name, fame, pleasure, royalty, money and living according to a system which we created for our convenience and today, we got abided by it. Today the whole world is suffering from an unbearable outbreak of nature in the form of COVID-19 where the world is facing the truth of life by experiencing uncontrolled death helplessly. Where all our weapons, machinery, intellectual, power, money is meaningless in front of this pandemic. The whole world is trying to combat the situation, which is very threatening. It is vital to follow all guidelines of maintaining social distancing, and the use of a mask. But many countries in this situation are also facing terrorism—fake news. The situation is more critical for the poor people in this Because they are forced to live far away from their family for a long time as all economic activities are stopped. Poor people are thinking that before dying by a , they would die of hunger. So nations have a big challenge that they have to save people from but also the economic backwardness that has been created by this .
Role of Rasayana ( Kutipraveshik Rasayana and Achar Rasayana) in the Prevention of Covid 19 Like New Diseases
Authors: Anupam Amar Jilte  , Mayuri Amol Deshpande
Published: August 2020

In the wake of the Covid 19 outbreak, entire mankind across the globe is suffering. Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new virus. Ayurveda, being the science of life, propagates the gift of nature in maintaining healthy and happy living. Ayurveda scripts also talk about a similar treatment form, more rightly called the Rejuvenation and Revitalization Therapy. In Ayurveda this COVID-19 like newly originated diseases which affect person and spread faster over across the world which is correlated with Janopadhudhwansa. Method of consuming Rasayana by entering into an isolated and specially constructed cabin and staying there in until the completion of therapy. Achara Rasayana is a code of conduct, which includes the maintaining living standard based on honesty, trust, faith, love and truth. This is further helps in fighting against various newly originated diseases like COVID-19.
Spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the lockdown in the Indian population and preventive measures
Authors: Milind Abhimanyu Nisargandha  , Shweta DadaraoParwe
Published: August 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) is the newly found virus in Indian population spreading all over the world through the seafood market of Wuhan, Hubei, China. Due to the spreading of coronavirus in Indian Government facing difficulty after the lockdown of one month in two phases, the number of patients is increased day by day. This is a very challenging task for the Indian Government, people are not strictly following the guidelines of the World Health Organisation. In India reported 26585 confirmed cases and 833 deaths due to COVID -19 in 31 states and union territories when the first case was found on 30th January 2020. The Government decided immediately to lockdown and closed all international borders, as per the WHO guidelines for a pandemic. The future directions to choose for people can fight with such type of pandemic. The present reviewemphasis is strictlyon the WHO guideline's to prohibit spreading coronavirus in India. There is some gap of awareness in people which enhance spreading coronavirus even during the lockdown. This finding has cause to concern about the spread of coronavirus in thisscenarioduring the lockdown, what farther primary prevention to be taken to avoid such transmission. The lockdown is already having a beneficial impact of flattening the epidemic curve for spreading this transmission and During Lockdown period in each state. Each state having sufficient time for finding COVID -19 Patient, people come in contact with the patient keeps them institutional isolation and declared that area infection hotspot at the district level.
Analysis of Reliability Indexes in Air and Ground Distribution Networks (Case Study: Bakhtar)
Authors: Moghim Seyed Morteza , Abadi Alireza Ashrafi Noosh , Mehrara Mohammadreza , Zadeh Kobra Fathollah , Eftekhari Fatemeh , Arisman Abolfazl Zahedi
Published: August 2020

With respect to power distribution networks, which includes two types of air and ground networks; it is worth noting that the use of the air networks is more economical and therefore dominates the existing air networks. In this paper, the authors have worked on the reliability indexes changes for a month period. As well, the paper’s aim is to make a strategy in short-term (monthly) to network management in order to alleviate cutoff number and time, ENS, increasing customer satisfaction from electric distribution companies and comparing the performance of air and ground networks. The paper was done based on a case study sample substation of a network in Bakhtar regional electric company, Iran. Also, simulation results have obtained by CYME PSAF.
Kajian Hidrodinamika bagi Pengembangan Budidaya Laut di Sekotong, Nusa Tenggara Barat (Hal. 101-111)
Authors: Hendrianti Ai Didih , Kurniadi Yessi Nirwana , Heriati Aida
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKSekotong adalah salah satu pulau di Indonesia yang berada pada provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Salah satu potensi perairan Sekotong ini adalah usaha budidaya mutiara. Jenis mutiara yang umum dibudidayakan dari spesies Pinctada maxima. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan usaha budidaya mutiara salah satunya adalah pemilihan lokasi yang tepat yaitu harus terletak pada perairan yang tenang dan terhindar dari gerakan arus yang besar. Kecepatan arus yang optimal untuk budidaya kerang mutiara berkisar antara 10−25 cm/detik. Analisis kecepatan arus dan pasang surut dilakukan dengan software MIKE 21. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pola hidrodinamika serta mengkaitkannya dengan kondisi perairan Sekotong, NTB apakah baik dijadikan sebagai lokasi budidaya tiram mutiara. Hasil pemodelan dan pengukuran didapat tipe pasang surut campuran cenderung ganda (mixed predominantly semi diurnal) dan hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa lokasi perairan sekotong ini sesuai untuk dijadikan lokasi budidaya mutiara yang ditunjukkan oleh kecepatan arus hasil pemodelan adalah 20,11 cm/detik.Kata kunci: hidrodinamika, budidaya mutiara, arus, pasang surut ABSTRACTSekotong is one of the islands in Indonesia located in the province of West Nusa Tenggara. One of potential Sekotong waters is pearl farming. The type of pearl is commonly cultivated from the Pinctada maxima species. One of the factors that affect the successfulof pearl farming is the selection of the right location that must lie in the calm waters and must avoid the movement of large currents. The optimal flow rate for pearl cultivation ranges from 10−25 cm/sec. Analysis of current and tidal velocity is done with MIKE 21 software. The purpose of this research is to analyze hydrodynamics and relate it to the condition of Sekotong waters is West Nusa Tenggara well used as the location cultivation. The modeling and measurement result, there are mixed tidal type tend to be double (mixed predominantly semi diurnal) and the modeling results show that the location of the sekotong waters is suitable for the pearl cultivation location shown by the velocity of modeling current is 20.11 cm/sec.Keywords: hydrodynamics, cultivation of pearl, currents, tidal
Analisis Pola Operasi Mempawah-Sanggau Kalimantan Barat (Hal. 11-21)
Authors: Faishal Muhammad , Triana Sofyan
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKModa transportasi kereta api mempunyai banyak keunggulan dibandingkan transportasi jalan antara lain kapasitas angkut besar (massal), cepat, aman, hemat energi, dan ramah lingkungan serta membutuhkan lahan yang relatif sedikit. Dalam studi kasus ini pembangunan jaringan jalur kereta api di Pulau Kalimantan khususnya jalur Mempawah-Sanggau adalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pergerakan penumpang dan pergerakan barang. Jalur Kereta Api Mempawah-Sanggau direncanakan dengan satu jalur lintasan (single track) dengan panjang lintasan ± 237 km. Dari studi terdahulu (studi kelayakan dan perencanaan jalan kereta api Pontianak-Sanggau, 2016) diketahui bahwa jumlah pergerakan penumpang pada Tahun 2060 sebesar 1.936.375 orang/tahun dan untuk jumlah pergerakan barang yang menggunakan moda transportasi kereta api pada Tahun 2060 sebesar 45.061.558 ton/tahun. Untuk Tahun 2060 kapasitas lintas kereta api barang tertutup untuk jalur Mempawah-Sanggau tidak bisa dioperasikan sehingga perlu penambahan jalur.Kata kunci: kereta api, pola operasi kereta api, Grafik Perjalanan Kereta Api (Gapeka). ABSTRACTThe railway transport have many adventages over road transportation among other large capacity, more fast, safe, energy saving and environmentally friendly and require less land. In this case study the construction of the railway network at Kalimantan Island especially track of Mempawah-Sanggau is to meet the needs of the movement of passengers and movement of item. The Mempawah-Sanggau railway is planned with a single track with length ± 237 km. From previous studies (feasibility study and railway planning Pontianak-Sangggau, 2016) it is know thar the number of passenger movements in 2060 is 1.936.375 person/year and the total of item movement using railway transport in 2060 is 45.061.558 tons/year. For the year 2060 the capacity of trainway freight train for track at Mempawah-Sanggau can not be operation and need for additional trainway.Keywords: train, pattern of rail operations, Railway Travel Graph (RTG).
Kriteria Green Infrastructure dalam Penentuan Luas Stasiun Kereta Api (Hal. 22-32)
Authors: Ulfah Nadia , Triana Sofyan
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKPembangunan infrastruktur adalah salah satu penyebab kerusakan lingkungan saat ini. Salah satu infrastruktur yang mendukung moda transportasi kereta api adalah bangunan stasiun. Agar membangun suatu stasiun yang tidak merusak lingkungan dan memberikan ruang gerak yang nyaman kepada pengguna maka dilakukan analisis mengenai luas kebutuhan lahan menurut peraturan yang berlaku sesuai dengan salah satu kriteria bangunan hijau yaitu harus memenuhi Koefisien Dasar Bangunan (KDB) dan kebutuhan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). Data sekunder dibutuhkan dalam perhitungan luas berdasarkan ruang gerak manusia dan standar stasiun. Hasil perhitungan diperoleh luas stasiun sebesar 2.685,5 m2 yang merupakan KDB 60% sedangkan untuk luas RTH 40% sebesar 1.790,3  m2 sehingga diperoleh luas lahan stasiun sebesar 4.475,8 m2. Pada peraturan yang berlaku mengenai bangunan stasiun hanya membahas KDB atau luas terbangun dan tidak membahas mengenai kebutuhan RTH maka dapat diusulkan perhitungan baru untuk merancang stasiun ramah lingkungan yang membahas luas KDB dan RTH sehingga didapat luas tanah keseluruhan.Kata kunci: green infrastructure, stasiun, luas bangunan, ruang gerak manusia, Koefisien Dasar Bangunan (KDB), Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). ABSTRACTInfrastructure development is one of the causes of current enviromental damage. One of the infastructure supporting the train transportation capital is station building. Build a station will not be damaging the environment and giving comfortable space if it has been done analysis about wide of land environment according to the prevailling regulations in accordance with the one of the criteria of green building that fulfills Coefficient of Bulding Base (KDB) and Green Open Space (RTH). The secondary data is needed in wide calculation based on space for human movement and station standard. The calculation results obtained area of the station is 2.685,5 m2 that is KDB 60% while the area of RTH 40% is 1.790,3 m2 so that obtained area of station land 4.475,8 m2. In the applicable regulations about station building only discuss KDB or wide awake not RTH needs. So it can be proposed the new calculation to design the environmentally friendly station that discusses area of KDB and RTH so obtained the total land area.Keywords: green infrastrucutre, station, building area, human movements space, Coefficient of Building Base (KDB), Green Open Spaces (RTH).
Evaluasi Stabilitas dan Penurunan antara Timbunan Ringan Mortar Busa Dibandingkan dengan Timbunan Pilihan pada Oprit Jembatan (Studi Kasus: Flyover Antapani, Kota Bandung) (Hal. 90-100)
Authors: Atamini Hamdan , Moestafa Benny
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKAda berbagai solusi yang dapat dilakukan agar suatu struktur dapat dibangun di atas tanah lunak. Salah satu solusi itu adalah pengurangan beban dengan menggunakan timbunan ringan. Analisis stabilitas dan penurunan dilakukan dengan membandingkan timbunan ringan (mortar busa) dan timbunan pilihan (tanah merah laterit) menggunakan perangkat lunak Plaxis Professional 8.6 berdasarkan metode elemen hingga. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Mohr-Coulomb untuk timbunan pilihan, sedangkan model Elastisitas Linier untuk timbunan ringan. Studi kasus ini dilakukan pada proyek Flyover Antapani (Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat). Penggunaan timbunan ringan menghasilkan nilai penurunan sebesar 3,53 cm dan faktor keamanan (FK) 2,74, sedangkan untuk timbunan pilihan nilai penurunannya sebesar 13,79 cm dengan faktor keamanan (FK) 1,36. Akhirnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan timbunan ringan di atas tanah lunak akan menghasilkan penurunan lebih kecil (<74,40%) dengan faktor keamanan lebih besar (>50,36%) dibandingkan dengan timbunan pilihan.Kata kunci: tanah lunak, timbunan, penurunan, faktor keamanan. ABSTRACTThere are various solutions for a structure to be built on soft soil. One of these solutions is reduction of load using lightweight material embankment. Stability and settlement of the structure will be analyzed through comparison between lightweight embankment (foam mortar) with selected fill (lateritic soil) using Plaxis Professional 8.6 software based on Finite Element Method (FEM). This research use Mohr-Coulomb modeling for the selected fill, by using linier elasticity modelling for the lightweight embankment. A case study for this was conducted on Antapani Flyover project (Bandung, West Java). Resulting a settlement value of 3.53 cm with safety factor of 2.74 by using lightweight embankment, and a settlement value of 13.79 cm with safety factor of 1.36 by using the selected fill. Finally, the use of a lightweight material embankment on soft soil ground decrease settlement value (<74.40%) and increase safety factor (>50.36%).Keywords: soft soil, embankment, settlement, safety factor.
Pengaruh Kapasitas Daya Dukung terhadap Letak Fondasi Dangkal Tipe Menerus di Sepanjang Lereng dengan Menggunakan Metode Analitik dan Numerik. (Hal. 113-124)
Authors: Badrudin Mohamad , Ikhya Ikhya
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKKapasitas daya dukung adalah kemampuan fondasi dalam menahan beban struktur yang berada diatasnya. Analisis fondasi dangkal sepanjang lereng dengan metode numerik menggunakan program PLAXIS 2D menghasilkan bahwa semakin besar nilai kedalaman fondasi  maka akan menaikan kapasitas daya dukungnya. Nilai kapasitas daya dukung terbesar terdapat pada = 2 m yaitu sebesar 1.117  kN/m2 pada lokasi dibawah lereng dengan kondisi tanpa muka air tanah. Lokasi fondasi dangkal sepanjang lereng sangat mempengaruhi nilai kapasitas daya dukung fondasi tersebut. Jika fondasi ditempatkan dekat dengan lereng ataupun pada permukaan lereng, maka nilai kapasitas daya dukungnya akan berkurang. Nilai kapasitas daya dukung pada atas lereng dengan jarak   = 0 m dari tepi lereng sebesar 527 kN/m2 dan untuk = 8 m memiliki nilai kapasitas daya dukung sebesar 959,5 kN/m2, maka kapasitas daya dukungnya mengalami peningkatan sebesar 82,06%. Kesimpulannya fondasi akan aman ketika ditempatkan sejauh 4  dari tepi lereng.Kata kunci: kapasitas daya dukung, fondasi dangkal, lereng.ABSTRACTBearing capacity is the ability of the foundation to hold the load of structures. The analysis of the shallow foundation along the slope by numerical method using the PLAXIS 2D program resulted that the greater depth of the foundation , the greater bearing capacity will occur. Biggest value bearing capacity is 1,117 kN/m2 found at = 2 m located on bottom of the slope with no ground water table. The location of a shallow foundation along the slope greatly affects the bearing capacity value of the foundation. If the foundation is placed close from the slope or on the slope surface, the bearing capacity will decrease. Bearing capacity on the top of slope with = 0 m from the edge of the slope has been value  527 kN/m2 and for   = 8 m bearing capacity value is 959.5 kN/m2, so bearing capacity value has increased by 82.06%. As a result the foundation will be safe if it’s placed at 4  from the edge of the slope.Keywords: bearing capacity, shallow foundation, slope.
Pola Hidrodinamika di Perairan Nunukan sebagai Usulan pada Permasalahan Abrasi Pulau-pulau Kecil. (Hal. 58-69)
Authors: Hardhiyanti Wulan Fitry , Kurniadi Yessi Nirwana , Mustikasari Eva , Noviadi Yogi
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKPerairan Nunukan yang berada di Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, merupakan salah satu wilayah terluar Indonesia yang berbatasan langsung dengan Negara Malaysia. Berada dalam wilayah terluar, Kabupaten Nunukan menyimpan banyak potensi dalam sektor kelautan dan perikanan. Sangat penting untuk menjaga zona ekonomi eksklusif pulau-pulau kecil terluar Indonesia dari abrasi. Besar abrasi yang mungkin terjadi dapat diketahui dengan melakukan analisis pemodelan mengenai hidrodinamika wilayah tersebut. Pemodelan numerik dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak MIKE 21 dengan modul Hydrodynamic (HD). Pemodelan yang dilakukan terdiri dari grid persegi dan mesh terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat beberapa daerah di Kabupaten Nunukan terjadi peningkatan kecepatan arus antara 0,1625 m/s sampai 0,3 m/s yang berpotensi terjadi abrasi. Abrasi terjadi di barat daya Pulau Sebatik, Perairan Nunukan sepanjang 1.014,26 meter. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan, ukuran butir di wilayah tersebut sebesar pasir kelanauan sebesar 0,01 mm. Terdapat hubungan antara kecepatan dan ukuran butir yang menyatakan wilayah tersebut memiliki potensi abrasi.Kata kunci: hidrodinamika, pemodelan, arus, pasang surut, abrasiABSTRACTSebatik Island is located in Nunukan sea at North Kalimantan Province. This island is one of the outermost area in Indonesia which is in border line with Malaysia. These outlying islands keep a lot of potential in marine, and fishery. It is important to keep Indonesia exclusive economic zone by protecting this outlying island from abrasion. Abrasion can be found by analyzing hydrodynamic modelling in the area. Hydrodynamic modelling is using software MIKE 21 with Hydrodynamic modules (HD). The numerical hydrodynamic modelling was consists of rectangular grid and unstructured mesh modelling. The modelling showed there are some area in Kabupaten Nunukan are has increase of current velocity between 0.1625 m/s and 0.3 m/s that potentially to abrasion. Abrasion occurred in the southwest of Sebatik Island, Nunukan sea along 1,014.26 meters. Based on the observation before, the grain size in the area was 0.01 mm sand silt. There is correlation between the current velocity and grain size in the area has potentially to abrasion.Keywords: hydrodynamic, modelling, current, tides, abrasion
Pemodelan Transportasi pada Jalan Trans Bangka Menggunakan Aplikasi PTV Visum (Hal. 83-94)
Authors: Yunus Ghina Ariqoh Ufairoh , Herman Herman , Maulana Andrean
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKDalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia tidak bisa lepas dengan namanya transportasi, namun transportasi saat ini kurang diimbangi dengan fasilitas yang ada. Pada penelitian ini lokasi yang ditinjau adalah Jalan Trans Bangka dengan zona kabupaten di Pulau Bangka. Pemodelan dilakukan dalam empat tahap pemodelan transportasi dan pembebanan dilakukan dengan metode pembebanan Keseimbangan Wardrop menggunakan aplikasi PTV Visum. Berdasarkan hasil validasi arus lapangan dengan arus model dapat dikatakan valid karena yang didapat dari grafik memiliki nilai mendekati 1 yaitu 0,86. Pergerakan yang terjadi setelah dibangunnya jalan Trans Bangka pada tahun 2020 menunjukkan hasil arus rata-rata untuk kendaraan penumpang sebesar 170 smp/jam dengan kecepatan 52 km/jam dan kendaraan barang sebesar 165 smp/jam dengan kecepatan 51 km/jam. Hal ini dapat diartikan kendaraan penumpang yang melewati jalan Trans Bangka lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kendaraan barang. Derajat kejenuhan yang didapat pada jalan Trans Bangka tahun 2020 menunjukkan nilai yang relatif kecil atau <0,85.Kata kunci: jaringan jalan, PTV Visum, keseimbangan wardrop ABSTRACTEveryday life people can’t escape with the name of transportation, but the current transportation is less balanced with existing facilities. In this study the location reviewed is Trans Bangka Road with the district zone in Bangka Island. Modeling is done in four stages of transport modeling and loading is done by loading method of Wardrop Balance using PTV Visum application. Based on the results of validation results that the flow field with the flow of the model can be said to be valid because  obtained from the graph has a value close to 1 that is 0.86. The movement occurring after the construction of Trans Bangka road in 2020 shows the average current flow for passenger vehicles of 170 smp/hour with speed 52km/hour and for goods vehicles of 165 smp/hour with speed 51km/hour. It can be interpreted that passenger vehicle passing through Trans Bangka road is bigger compared to goods vehicle. The degree of saturation obtained on the Trans Bangka road in 2020 shows a relatively small value of <0.85.Keywords: road network, PTV Visum, wardrop equilibrium
Kajian Karakteristik Beton Memadat Sendiri yang Menggunakan Serat Ijuk (Hal. 54-65)
Authors: Nurjamilah Iis , Sihotang Abinhot
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKKajian karakteristik beton memadat sendiri yang menggunakan serat ijuk merupakan sebuah kajian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serat ijuk terhadap karakteristik beton memadat sendiri (SCC). Beton memadat sendiri yang menggunakan serat ijuk (PFSCC) didesain memiliki campuran yang encer, bermutu tinggi (= 40 MPa) dan memiliki persentase kekuatan lentur yang lebih baik. PFSCC  didapatkan dari hasil pencampuran antara semen sebanyak 85%, fly ash 15%, superplastizicer 1,5%, serat ijuk 0%, 0,5%; 1%; 1,5%; 2% dan 3% dari berat binder (semen + fly ash), kadar air 190 kg/m3, agregat kasar 552,47 kg/m3 dan pasir 1.063 kg/m3. Semakin banyak persentase penambahan serat ijuk ke dalam campuran berdampak terhadap menurunnya workability beton segar. Penambahan serat ijuk yang paling baik adalah sebanyak 1%, penambahan tersebut dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tekan beton sebesar 13% dan lentur sebesar 1,8%.Kata kunci: beton memadat sendiri (SCC), beton berserat, beton memadat sendiri yang menggunakan serat ijuk (PFSCC), serat ijuk ABSTRACTThe study of characteristics self compacting concrete using palm fibers is a study conducted to determine the effect of adding palm fibers to characteristics of self compacting concrete (SCC). palm fibers self compacting concrete (PFSCC) is designed to have a dilute mixture, high strength (= 40 MPa), and have better precentage flexural strength. PFSCC was obtained from mixing of 85% cement, 15% fly ash, 1.5% superplastizicer, 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 3% palm fibers from the weight of binder  (cement + fly ash), water content 190 kg/m3, coarse aggregate 552.47 kg/m3 and sand 1,063 kg/m3. The more persentage palm fibers content added to the mixture makes workability of fresh concrete decreases. The best addition of palm fiber is 1%, this addition can increases the compressive strength 13% and flexural strength 1.8%.Keywords: self compacting concrete (SCC), fiber concrete, Palm fiber self compacting concrete (PFSCC), palm fiber
Karakteristik Penumpang Kereta Api Komuter Sulam (Hal. 1-9)
Authors: Hartatik Nurani , Ratri Ika Wahyuning , Lesmana Yudha
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKKereta api komuter Sulam merupakan salah satu transportasi umum massal alternatif yang dapat melayani pergerakan pekerja komuter dari Kabupaten Lamongan ke Kota Surabaya. PT. KAI DAOP 8 selaku pengelola harus mampu memberikan pelayanan yang maksimal bagi pengguna kereta api komuter Sulam, sehingga jumlah penumpang dapat meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penumpang kereta api komuter Sulam, sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar identifikasi awal. Metode survei wawancara dilakukan kepada 300 reseponden yang dilakukan pada hari kerja pada jam sibuk pagi dan sore hari. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan survei wawancara didapat 55% penumpang adalah perempuan, dengan maksud perjalanan bekerja sebesar 53% dan 40% berusia 21 30 tahun. Sebanyak 51% responden menggunakan kereta api komuter lebih dari 3 kali dalam satu minggu, responden menggunakan kereta api komuter untuk berangkat dan pulang kerja setiap harinya. Besarnya penghasilan 32% responden adalah Rp2.000.000,00  Rp3.000.000,00. Sebanyak 40% penumpang beralasan menggunakan kereta api komuter Sulam karena biaya yang lebih murah dibanding sarana transportasi lain dengan tujuan yang sama ke Kota Surabaya.Kata kunci: kereta api komuter Sulam, karakteristik penumpang, layanan. ABSTRACTThe Sulam commuter train is one of the alternative mass public transportation that can serve the movement of commuter workers from Lamongan Regency to Surabaya City. PT. KAI DAOP 8 as the manager must be able to provide maximum service for users of the Sulam commuter train, so that the number of passengers can increase along with the increase in service. This study aims to determine the characteristics of passenger commuter train, so that it can be used as the basis for initial identification. The interview survey method was conducted for 300 prescribers who were carried out on weekdays in the morning and evening rush hours. The results of the study based on interview surveys found 55% of passengers were women, with the intention of working trips of 53% and 40% aged 21 30 years. Amounting to 51% of respondents use commuter trains more than 3 times a week, respondents use commuter trains to leave and go home from work every day. The amount of income 32% of respondents is Rp2,000,000,00 Rp3,000,000,00. Amounting to 40% of passengers have reason to use the Sulam commuter train because the cost is cheaper than other transportation facilities with the same destination to Surabaya City.Keywords: sulam commuter train, passenger characteristic, service.
Desain Tahan Gempa Jembatan Ngarai Sianok di Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat - Indonesia. (Hal. 19-30)
Authors: Hakim Nurul , Kertapati Engkon K. , M. Edward V.
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKJembatan Ngarai sianok dibuat dengan struktur jembatan cable stayed dengan panjang bentang 685 m. Memiliki tinggi pilar 173,5 m. Jembatan ini berada di samping sesar aktif Ngarai sianok sejauh 162 m. Kondisi jembatan yang berada sangat dekat dengan lokasi sumber gempa sesar Ngarai Sianok, membuat analisis bahaya gempa Jembatan Ngarai Sianok mengacu pada perilaku khusus Sesar. Dalam perencaan struktur bangunan, beban gempa rencana untuk analisis respon dinamik digunakan respon spektrum dari karakteristik sesar Ngarai Sianok.Metoda analisis yang digunakan yaitu metode Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis (DSHA) dan Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). Analisis perambatan gelombang menghasilkan rekomendasi respon spektrum desain permukaan untuk periode ulang gempa 950 tahun dengan PBA = 0,973 . Perbandingan respon spektrum permukaan di lokasi jembatan Ngarai Sianok menunjukkan bahwa hasil analisis perambatan gelombang cendrungan lebih dekat ke Tanah Keras untuk klasifikasi site dari SNI 03-1726-2016 untuk PBA = 0,97 .Kata kunci: cable-stayed, sesar, ground motion, respon spektrum. ABSTRACTNgarai Sianok Bridge is made with a Cable Stayed bridge structure with a span length of 685 m. Has a pillar height of 173.5 m. This bridge is beside the active canyon sianok as far as 162 m. The condition of the bridge which is very close to the location of the Ngarai Sianok fault source, made an earthquake hazard analysis of the Ngarai Sianok Bridge referring to the special behavior of Fault. In planning the structure of the building, the earthquake load planned to analyze the dynamic response used a spectra response from the characteristic character of the Ngarai Sianok fault.The analytical method used is the Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis (DSHA) method and Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). Wave propagation analysis results in a recommendation of a surface design response for the return period of a 950 year earthquake with PBA = 0.973 . Comparison of the surface spectrum response at the Ngarai Sianok bridge location shows that the results of the wave propagation analysis tend to be closer to hard soil for the site classification of SNI 03-1726-2016 for PBA = 0.97 .Keywords: cable stayed, fault, ground motion, spectra response.
Studi Perbandingan Analisis Struktur Rumah 2 Lantai Menggunakan Kayu Glulam dan Kayu Solid Terhadap Beban Gempa. (Hal. 85-94)
Authors: Taufik Ramdhan , Desmaliana Erma , Pribadi Amatulhay
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKKondisi geografis Indonesia memiliki struktur tektonik kompleks. Kondisi ini membuat perencanaan rumah tinggal 2 (dua) lantai membutuhkan pertimbangan khusus dari segi kekuatan dan kekakuan. Penggunaan material kayu sebagai bahan konstruksi di Indonesia masih jarang digunakan. Kayu glulam adalah suatu produk kayu rekayasa yang dibuat dari beberapa bilah kayu yang direkatkan dengan arah sejajar serat menggunakan perekat berupa lem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi respon struktur pada rumah tinggal menggunakan material kayu glulam dan solid dengan bantuan program ETABS 2016. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh nilai periode struktur, gaya geser dasar, dan simpangan antar lantai antara seluruh model menunjukan hasil yang berbeda, perbedaan diakibatkan dari hasil konversi berat jenis dan modulus of elastisity berdasarkan BS EN 1194:1999. Berdasarkan analisis non-linier pushover didapatkan bahwa kayu glulam Nyatoh (kayu kelas III) berada pada level pada kinerja B to IO (Immediate Occupancy), dimana hasil tersebut tidak berbeda jauh dengan kayu solid Bangkirai (kayu kelas I).Kata Kunci: rumah tinggal, kayu glulam, non-linier pushover ABSTRACTGeographical condition of Indonesia has a complex tectonic structure. These conditions create  2-storyhome-planning that require special consideration in terms of strength and rigidity. The use of wood as a construction material in Indonesia is still rarely used. Glulam wood is a wood products engineering made from wooden slats several glued with the direction of the parallel fibers using adhesives. This research aims to identify the structure of the response at home using basic material glulam and solid wood with the help of ETABS 2016 programs. Based on the analysis that has been done, obtained the value of the structure periode, base shear force, and interstory drift between all models show different results, the difference is due to the results of specific gravity conversion and modulus of elasticity base on BS EN 1194:1999. Based on non-linear pushover analysis, it shows that Nyatoh glulam wood (class III wood) was at the level of the B to IO (Immediate Occupancy) performance, where the results were not much different from Bangkirai solid wood (class I wood).Keywords: home livingstructure, glulam wood, non-linear pushover
Tinjauan Ulang Mengenai Kadar Maksimum Pipih dan Memanjang Agregat Kasar dalam Campuran Beton Cara SNI. (Hal. 107-115)
Authors: Sukanli Decka Chaniago , Saelan Priyanto
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKDalam campuran beton, agregat kasar memiliki 70% sampai 80% pengaruh terhadap kuat tekan beton. Agregat kasar memiliki bentuk yang berbeda seperti membulat, pipih, dan memanjang tergantung pada sumbernya. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan penyelidikan pada kadar maksimum bentuk pipih dan memanjang agregat kasar dalam campuran beton. Pada penelitian kadar bentuk pipih dan memanjang agregat kasar ini menggunakan benda uji silinder dengan ukuran diameter 10 cm dan tinggi 20 cm. Pengujian dilakukan dengan uji slump dan uji kuat tekan beton yang mengacu pada SNI. Slump rencana yang digunakan yaitu (30-60) mm dan (60-180) mm dengan kuat tekan beton rencana yaitu 30 MPa usia 28 hari. Hasil pengujian ini dapat diketahui bahwa kadar pipih dan memanjang agregat kasar melebihi 20% tidak berpengaruh terhadap kuat tekan beton selama kadar pipih dan memanjang agregat kasar tidak melebihi 45% dari total agregat batu pecah.Kata kunci: bentuk pipih dan memanjang, agregat kasar, kuat tekan beton, uji slump ABSTRACTIn concrete mixture, coarse aggregate has 70% to 80% influence on concrete compressive strength. The coarse aggregate have different shape like rounded, angular, flaky and elongated depending on the source. In this study, we investigated the maximum level of flat and elongated coarse aggregate in concrete mixture. In the study of the level of flat and elongated forms coarse aggregates using cylindrical specimen with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm. Testing was conducted with slump and concrete compressive strength test which refers to SNI. The slump plan used is (30-60) mm and (60-180) mm with a 30 MPa concrete compressive strength of 28 days. The results of this test can be seen that the flat and elongated of coarse aggregates exceeding 20% does not effect compressive strength of the concrete as long as the flat and elongated of coarse aggregates not exceed at 45% of the total aggregates.Keywords: flat and elongated shape, coarse aggregates, compressive strength, slump test
Kajian Analisis Respon Struktur Bangunan Baja di Bawah Pengaruh Kombinasi Beban Termal (Kebakaran) dan Beban Angin. (Hal. 13-25)
Authors: Pribadi Amatulhay
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKBeban termal yang terjadi pada bangunan dapat mengakibatkan degradasi pada struktur baja dan menyebabkan keruntuhan. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh beban termal disertai beban angin terhadap respon dari struktur bangunan baja lima belas lantai yang berfungsi sebagai perkantoran dengan mempertimbangkan degradasi propertis baja, reduksi beban hidup dan beban mati tambahan, serta kecepatan penanganan pemadaman. Simulasi terbagi menjadi tiga kasus yaitu penanganan pemadaman kebakaran cepat, penanganan pemadaman kebakaran lambat, dan penentuan beban termal kritis. Analisis struktur dilakukan dengan bantuan software ETABS. Hasil simulasi kebakaran menunjukkan semakin tinggi temperatur maka stress ratio dari elemen struktur makin membesar. Pada penentuan beban termal kritis diperoleh bahwa besar beban termal yang dapat menyebabkan minimal satu elemen struktur utama mengalami kegagalan pada umumnya berbeda pada lantai level bawah, tengah, dan atas. Pada studi kasus ini diperoleh beban temperatur kritis paling besar yaitu pada lantai level atas.Kata kunci: beban termal, degradasi propertis baja, kegagalan struktur ABSTRACTThermal load on the building can lead into the degradation of steel structure and cause collapse. This study analyze the effect of thermal along with wind loads on the response of fifteen stories steel structure building which serves as an office by considering the degradation of steel properties, the reduction of live load and super imposed dead load, and the speed of handling the extinguishing. This simulation is divided into three cases which are fast handling of extinguishing, slow handling of extinguishing, and the determination of the critical thermal load. Structural analysis will be done using the ETABS software. The result of fire simulation showed that when the temperature is higher, the stress ratio of structural elements will also expand. In the determination of the critical thermal load, it is obtained that the thermal loads which can cause failure in minimum one major structural element are generally different at the bottom, middle, and top level of stories. In this case study, the highest critical temperature load is on the top level.Keywords: thermal load, steel properties degradation, structure failure
Pembesaran Gaya Dalam pada Elemen Struktur untuk Berbagai Zona Gempa di Indonesia. (Hal. 26-38)
Authors: Kamaludin Kamaludin
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKKombinasi beban pada struktur bangunan harus diperhitungkan dalam mendesain penampang elemen struktur. Hasil kombinasi beban gempa mempengaruhi peningkatan pembesaran gaya-dalamnya terhadap hasil kombinasi beban tanpa gempa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi pembesaran gaya-dalam akibat beban gempapada menara pandang 6 lantai bermaterial beton dengan 8 model variasi beban, yaitu: beban tanpa gempa, dan beban dengan percepatan 0,2g; 0,4g; 0,6g; 1,0g; 1,2g; 1,5g dan 2g. Analisis struktur dengan software ETABS v.9.7.2 menghasilkan pembesaran lentur sebesar 11,4 untuk tumpuan dan 2,49 kali untuk lapangan; geser sebesar 3,99 kali pada tumpuan dan 40,72 kali pada lapangan; dan normal tidak signifikan perubahannya pada balok. pembesaran gaya-dalam pada kolom tumpuan yaitu sebesar 1,27 kali normal, 663,2 kali geser; 55,84 kali lentur M2 dan 487,2 kali lentur M3. Hasil nilai pembesaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi nilai pembesaran momen maksimum terhadap kombinasi beban tanpa gempa dalam desain awal.Kata Kunci: struktur gedung, beban gempa, pembesaran, momen, geser, normal. ABSTRACTThe combination of loads on building structures must be calculated in designing the cross-section of structural elements. The results of combination of earthquake loads influenced an increasing magnitude of the force againts the results of a combination of without earthquake loads. This study intends to predict the magnification of the internal force due to the without earthquake loads on a 6-story tower with concrete material, with 8 variation models of load such as: load without earthquake, and load with acceleration of 0,2g; 0,4g; 0,6g; 1,0g;, 1,2g; 1,5g; and 2g. Structural analysis using ETABS v9.7.2 software results that the magnification of the flexural is 11,4 and 2,49 times for the center of the beam, and insgnificant changes for normal in the beam. The magnification of internal force in the pedestal column is 1,27 time for normal, 663.2 time for shear, 55.84 times for M2 and 497.2 times for M3. The results of this magnification value can be used as a reference to the value of the maximum moment magnification of a combination without earthquake in the initial design.Keywords: building structure, earthquake load, magnication, moment, shear, norma.
Perhitungan Evapotranspirasi Acuan untuk Irigasi di Indonesia. (Hal. 39-49)
Authors: Yustiana Fransiska , Sitohang Gabriel Antonio
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKSistem irigasi merupakan suatu cara mengalirkan air ke suatu lahan dimana air dialirkan sesuai kebutuhan. Debit yang dihasilkan dari sistem irigasi ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah evapotranspirasi. Nilai evapotranspirasi di Indonesia dihitung menurut Standar Perencanaan Irigasi KP-01 dengan menggunakan rumus Penman FAO Corrected sedangkan menurut SNI 7745:2012 menggunakan rumus Penman-Monteith. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode penghitungan evapotranspirasi acuan yang tepat dengan membandingkan metode KP-01 dan SNI dengan tanaman hidroponik berupa selada air dan seledri dengan menggunakan data klimatologi periode Januari-Agustus tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai sebesar 5,60 mm/hari memiliki nilai yang lebih besar dari pada nilai sebesar 4,60 mm/hari dan nilai sebesar 4,94 mm/hari, maka dalam penelitian ini metode SNI 7745:2012 lebih disarankan untuk digunakan dalam menghitung nilai evapotranspirasi acuan karena memiliki nilai yang lebih besar dan membutuhkan data yang lebih sedikit dari metode yang lain.Kata Kunci: Sistem irigasi, Penman FAO Corrected, Penman-Monteith ABSTRACTThe irrigation system is a distribution of water into a crop yield. Irrigation discharge is determined by several factors, either is reference evapotranspiration. The value of reference evapotranspiration in Indonesia is calculated according to Standar Perencanaan Irigasi KP-01 using the FAO Penman Corrected formula either according to SNI 7745:2012 using the Penman-Monteith formula. This research aims to know acurate methode that calculating the acurate reference of evapotranspiration by comparing the methods of KP-01 and SNI with observed reference evaporation on hydroponic plants. Climatology data period are between the January-August 2018. This research demonstrates the value of is 5.60 mm/day greater than the value of which is 4.60 mm/day and value is 4.94 mm/day. This research recommended that SNI 7745:2012 more acurate in calculating the value of reference evapotranspiration because it has a greater value and require less data than other methods.Keywords: Irrigation systems, Penman FAO Corrected, Penman-Monteith
Analisis Kinerja Bundaran Leuwigajah Kota Cimahi. (Hal. 50-60)
Authors: Putra Andika Diarsa , Purwanti Oka
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKBundaran Leuwigajah merupakan salah satu bundaran penting di Kota Cimahi yang tepatnya terletak di Cimahi Selatan. Bundaran Leuwigajah melayani arus lalu lintas dari berbagai arah, yaitu arus lalu lintas yang berasal dari Jl. Leuwigajah, Jl. Baros dan Jl. Kerkof. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kinerja persimpangan dengan pengendalian bundaran yaitu kapasitas, derajat kejenuhan, tundaan dan peluang antrian. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh arus lalu lintas terhadap kinerja bundaran. Hasil penelitian pada pagi pukul 08:30 – 09:30 menghasilkan kapasitas ( ) terbesar pada Jl. Leuwigajah – Jl. Kerkof dengan nilai 3715 smp/jam, Derajat kejenuhan ( ) bundaran adalah 0,54 dan tundaan bundaran (DR) adalah 6,7 det/smp. Peluang antrian bundaran mempunyai batas bawah 6,8% dan batas atas 15,8%. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, kinerja Bundaran Leuwigajah masih memenuhi persyaratan MKJI 1997 dengan catatan hanya pada jam 08:30 – 09:30. Setelah dilakukan skenario peningkatan arus lalu lintas, bundaran masih memenuhi persyaratan dengan kondisi peningkatan arus maksimum 40% dari kondisi eksisting karena menghasilkan nilai DS 0,75.Kata Kunci: Bundaran, Jalinan, MKJI 1997, Leuwigajah ABSTRACTLeuwigajah Roundabout is one of the most important roundabouts in the city of Cimahi precisely located in South Cimahi. Leuwigajah Roundabout serves traffic flows from various directions, namely the flow of traffic coming from Leuwigajah St., Baros St., and Kerkof St. The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance of intersections with roundabout control, namely capacity, degree of saturation, delay and the queue opportunities. The results of the research at 8:30 - 9:30 a.m. produced the largest capacity on Jl. Leuwigajah - Jl. Kerkof C = 3715 pcu/hour, roundabout degree of saturation DS = 0.54 ; and roundabout delay DR = 6.7 sec/pcu. Opportunities for roundabout queues have a lower limit of 6,8% and an upper limit of 15.8%. Based on the results of calculations, the performance of the Leuwigajah Roundabout still meets the requirements of IHCM 1997 with a note only at 08:30 - 09:30. After increasing traffic flow scenario, roundabout still meets the requirements with a maximum current increase of 40% from the existing condition because it produces DS value 0.75.Keywords: Roundabout, Weaving, IHCM 1997, Leuwigajah
Analisis Stabilitas Lereng Dengan Perkuatan Geotekstil Woven Akibat Pengaruh Termal Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga. (Hal. 61-72)
Authors: Fauzi Imron Maulana , Hamdhan Indra Noer
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKAda beberapa jenis perkuatan tanah untuk mengantisipasi longsoran yang sering digunakan di Indonesia seperti halnya geotekstil. Analisis stabilitas dilakukan pada lereng timbunan dengan kemiringan 1V:1H, 1V:1,5H dan 1V:2H dengan membandingkan kondisi lereng timbunan tanpa perkuatan geotekstil, lereng timbunan dengan perkuatan geotekstil serta lereng timbunan dengan perkuatan geotekstil yang dipengaruhi oleh termal menggunakan software PLAXIS 2D 2017. Analisis pengaruh termal dilakukan dengan memvariasikan besaran nilai suhu dan parameter termal tanah (kapasitas, konduktivitas dan ekspansi). Terjadi penurunan stabilitas lereng timbunan dengan perkuatan geotekstil yang diakibatkan oleh semakin besarnya nilai suhu termal dan terjadi peningkatan stabilitas lereng dengan perkuatan geotekstil akibat meningkatnya nilai ekspansi termal, sedangkan nilai konduktivitas dan kapasitas termal tidak berpengaruh.   Kata kunci: lereng timbunan, geotekstil, stabilitas, suhu, parameter termal tanah. ABSTRACTThere are several types of soil reinforcement to anticipate landslide that are often used in Indonesia as well as geotextile. The stability analysis is carried out on the slope of the embankment with a slope of 1V:1H, 1V:1,5H and 1V:2H by comparing the slope conditions of the embankment without geotextile reinforcement, slope of embankment with geotextile reinforcement and slope of embankment with geotextile reinforcement that influenced by thermal using PLAXIS 2D 2017. The thermal effect analysis is carried out by varying the value of temperature and soil thermal parameters (capacity, conductivity and expansion). There is a decrease in the stability of the embankment slopes with geotextile reinforcement caused by the increasing thermal temperature value and an increase in slope stability with geotextile reinforcement due to the increase of thermal expansion value, while the conductivity and thermal capacity have no effect.Keywords:  embankment slope, geotextile, stability, temperature, thermal soil parameter.