bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VASP Regulates NK Cell Lytic Granule Convergence
Authors: Wilton Katelynn M. , Billadeau Daniel D.
Published: October 2018

NK cells eliminate viral-infected and malignant cells through a highly orchestrated series of cytoskeletal rearrangements, resulting in the release of cytolytic granule contents toward the target cell. Central to this process is the convergence of cytolytic granules to a common point, the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC), before delivery to the synapse. In this study, we show that vasodialator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), an actin regulatory protein, localizes to the cytolytic synapse, but surprisingly, shows no impact on conjugate formation or synaptic actin accumulation despite being required for human NK cell–mediated killing. Interestingly, we also find that a pool of VASP copurifies with lytic granules and localizes with lytic granules at the MTOC. Significantly, depletion of VASP decreased lytic granule convergence without impacting MTOC polarization. Using the KHYG-1 cell line in which lytic granules are in a constitutively converged state, we find that either VASP depletion or F-actin destabilization promoted spreading of formerly converged granules. Our results demonstrate a novel requirement for VASP and actin polymerization in maintaining lytic granule convergence during NK cell–mediated killing.
A Novel Neutralizing Antibody Specific to the DE Loop of VP1 Can Inhibit EV-D68 Infection in Mice
Authors: Zheng Huiwen , Wang Jingjing , Li Bingxiang , Guo Lei , Li Heng , Song Jie , Yang Zening , Li Hongzhe , Fan Haitao , Huang Xing , Long Haiting , Cheng Chen , Chu Manman , He Zhanlong , Yu Wenhai , Li Jiaqi , Gao You , Ning Ruotong , Li Nan , Yang Jinxi , Wu Qiongwen , Shi Haijing , Sun Ming , Liu Longding
Published: October 2018

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) belongs to the picornavirus family and was first isolated in CA, USA, in 1962. EV-D68 can cause severe cranial nerve system damage such as flaccid paralysis and acute respiratory diseases such as pneumonia. There are currently no efficient therapeutic methods or effective prophylactics. In this study, we isolated the mAb A6-1 from an EV-D68–infected rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and found that the Ab provided effective protection in EV-D68 intranasally infected suckling mice. We observed that A6-1 bound to the DE loop of EV-D68 VP1 and interfered with the interaction between the EV-D68 virus and α2,6-linked sialic acids of the host cell. The production of A6-1 and its Ab properties present a bridging study for EV-D68 vaccine design and provide a tool for analyzing the process by which Abs can inhibit EV-D68 infection.
Normal Hearing Young Adults with Mild Tinnitus: Reduced Inhibition as Measured Through Sensory Gating
Authors: Campbell Julia , Bean Connor , LaBrec Alison
Published: October 2018

Decreased central inhibition, possibly related to hearing loss, may contribute to chronic tinnitus. However, many individuals with normal hearing thresholds report tinnitus, suggesting that the percept in this population may arise from sources other than peripheral deafferentation. One measure of inhibition is sensory gating. Sensory gating involves the suppression of non-novel input, and is measured through cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) responses to paired stimuli. In typical gating function, amplitude suppression is observed in the second CAEP response when compared to the first CAEP response, illustrating inhibitory activity. Using this measure, we investigated central inhibitory processes in normal hearing young adults with and without mild tinnitus to determine whether inhibition may be a contributing factor to the tinnitus percept. Results showed that gating function was impaired in the tinnitus group, with the CAEP Pa component significantly correlated with tinnitus severity. Further exploratory analyses were conducted to evaluate variability in gating function within the tinnitus group, and findings showed that high CAEP amplitude suppressors demonstrated gating performance comparable to adults without tinnitus, while low amplitude suppressors exhibited atypical gating function.
Can probiotic cleaning solutions replace chemical disinfectants in dental clinics?
Authors: Al-Marzooq Farah , Bayat Shahad Al , Sayyar Farah , Ishaq Hamdah , Nasralla Husain , Koutaich Rayan , Kawas Sausan Al
Published: October 2018

Objectives: We aim to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of probiotic cleaning in a dental clinic at the University Dental Hospital Sharjah (UDHS), UAE. Materials and Methods: The current cleaning protocol of UDHS was evaluated by the surface swabbing of three dental clinics routinely cleaned using regular chemical disinfectants. Then, a new probiotic cleaning solution containing Bacillus subtilis was applied for 3 weeks in a selected clinic. Bacteria were grown onto selective culture media for colony counting from surfaces cleaned with probiotic solution compared to those obtained from the same surfaces cleaned with the regular chemical solutions. Isolates identity was confirmed by biochemical tests or polymerase chain reaction. Results: There was a significant reduction of the bacterial counts of various bacterial species (Staphylococci, Streptococci, and Gram-negative rods) from almost all the surfaces in the dental clinic after the application of the probiotic solution compared to the same surfaces cleaned with the regular chemical solutions. However, the antibiotic resistance rates were not significantly reduced within the short period of 3 weeks of using the new probiotic cleaning product. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the use of probiotic cleaning is effective in reducing microbial growth in dental settings. This approach may be tested further to examine the long-term effect and to evaluate the opportunity of applying this novel biotechnology as part of the infection control routine in dental settings instead of the chemical disinfectants which are known to cause serious health problems. This is the first study testing the application of probiotic-based solution in dental settings.
Dental trauma education intervention as a positive influence among undergraduate students
Authors: Nagata Juliana Yuri , Góis Vanessa Lima de Andrade , Münchow Eliseu Aldright , Albuquerque Maria Tereza Pedrosa
Published: October 2018

Objective: To investigate the effect of dental trauma educational intervention among undergraduate students of a Federal University in Brazil. Materials and Methods: Students (n = 125) enrolled in the dentistry (n = 70), nursing (n = 33), and speech therapy (n = 22) courses were invited to attend a dental trauma lecture and also to answer a questionnaire about their confidence in managing crown fracture and tooth avulsion, before (T0) and immediately after (T1) the lecture. McNemar's test (P < 0.05) with logistic regression compared the answers between the courses. Results: Female gender (78.4%) aged from 18 to 22 years (73.6%) predominated among all the participants. Dentistry students scored higher correct answers (54.3%) in T0 when compared to nursing (12%) and speech therapy (9%) students, concerning the storage medium for tooth fragment transportation. Likewise, few dentistry students (22.9%) and no nursing and speech therapy students knew about the ideal storage medium for an avulsed tooth when immediate replantation was unviable. After educational intervention, a significant improvement was found between T0 and T1 (P < 0.001) for all courses, mainly regarding tooth avulsion with almost 100% of correct answers. Furthermore, logistic regression demonstrated that dentistry students had three times more knowledge absorption than nursing and speech therapy ones. Conclusions: The educational intervention demonstrated a significant positive impact regarding the knowledge of dental trauma emergency management among health students. Accordingly, it is essential to spread this information among health professionals to save teeth, especially in cases of avulsion.
Mechanical and surface properties analysis of restorative materials submitted to erosive challenges in situ
Authors: Guedes Ana Paula Albuquerque , Oliveira-Reis Bruna , Catelan Anderson , Suzuki ThaÍs Yumi Umeda , Briso André LuÍz Fraga , Santos Paulo Henrique Dos
Published: October 2018

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of acidic solutions (AS) on surface roughness (Ra) and microhardness of restorative materials (RM). Materials and Methods: Eight volunteers wore intraoral palatal devices (IPD) containing samples of RM: Ketac Nano (KN); Ketac Nano + Biscover LV (KN-B); Esthet-X (EX); Esthet-X + Biscover LV (EX-B); Supreme XT (SXT); Supreme XT + Biscover LV (SXT-B); and bovine enamel. The samples were submitted to three phases: (1) immersion in 0.01M hydrochloric acid (HCl) – 10 min, three times/day (14 days); (2) immersion in soft drink (Sprite®) – 10 min, three times/day (14 days); and (3) keeping in saliva (14 days). Changes in Ra/microhardness were measured before/after the three phases. Statistical Analysis: ANOVA (α = 0.05) and Fisher's test. Results: Materials sealed with Biscover LV (B) presented lowest values in all periods. KN glass ionomer cement showed highest Ra values after exposure in AS. Application of B did not reduce the Ra for the composites studied, except for EX after immersion in HCl. AS promoted changes in Ra/microhardness of RM, except for sealed materials. Conclusions: The acids used were able to change the Ra and microhardness of RM, except of the sealed materials. The resin-modified GIC showed the most significant changes after immersion in AS; and the composites sealed with B, even after immersion in acidic solutions (AS), showed the lowest Ra values and the least degradation in microhardness, especially when subjected to low pH solutions.
The effect of resistance grooves on the fracture toughness of zirconia-based crowns from mono and cyclic loading
Authors: Qasim Tarek Q. , El-Masoud Billal M. , Laban Ahmed M. Abu
Published: October 2018

Objective: Prosthetic molar crowns in service are subjected to chewing loads, which cause a shift or dislodgment. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the addition of resistance grooves to the proximal surfaces of the abutment teeth would enhance the fracture resistance of the zirconia crowns and to compare between the patterns of cracks development on the zirconia crowns after the application of mono loading versus cyclic loading forces. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six all-ceramic zirconia cored crowns were prepared on the same abutment. Resistance grooves were added to the mesial and distal surfaces of 16 abutments. Before testing, all specimens subjected to thermal aging. Two groups of crowns were then subjected to cyclic axial and lateral forces for 1,250,000 cycles in aqueous conditions. Two groups of samples were also tested in monoloading fashion. Results: The crack pattern between mono and cyclic loading were compared. The crown fracture resistance was compared in the two types of abutments, with and without grooves. The results confirmed that the grooves addition had no effect on critical conditions to initiate failure in the case of mono loading. In cyclic loading, grooves addition increased the critical loads in the order of two. Failure patterns and location were obtained. Conclusions: The results showed that the location of retention grooves halted the failure in the surfaces where it was located in all loading mechanisms used in this study.
Assessment of in vivo bond strength studies of the orthodontic bracket-adhesive system: A systematic review
Authors: Ahmed Tamzid , Rahman Norma Ab , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to systematically review the available studies measuring the bond strength of orthodontic bracket-adhesive system under different experimental conditions in vivo. Literature search was performed in four different databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus using the keywords – bond strength, orthodontic brackets, bracket-adhesive, and in vivo. A total of six full-text articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of our study after a careful assessment by the two independent reviewers. Data selection was performed by following PRISMA 2009 guidelines. Five of the selected studies were clinical trials; one study was a randomized clinical trial. From each of the selected articles, the following data were extracted – number of samples, with the type of tooth involved materials under experiment methods of measurement, the time interval between bonding and debonding orthodontic brackets, mode of force application, and the bond strength results with the overall outcome. The methodological quality assessment of each article was done by the modified Downs and Black checklist method. The qualitative analyses were done by two independent reviewers. Conflicting issues were resolved in a consensus meeting by consulting the third reviewer (MKA). Meta-analysis could not be performed due to the lack of homogenous study results. The review reached no real conclusion apart from the lack of efforts to clinically evaluate the bonding efficiency of a wide range of orthodontic bracket-adhesive systems in terms of debonding force compared to laboratory-based in vitro and ex vivo studies.
Magnification in endodontics: A review of its application and acceptance among dental practitioners
Authors: Low Jun Fay , Dom Tuti Ningseh Mohd , Baharin Safura Anita
Published: October 2018

The application of magnification devices in endodontics is mainly meant for visual enhancement and improved ergonomics. This is crucial especially when long hours are spent in a narrow operating space to treat obscure microanatomy. Nevertheless, application of magnification in endodontics has yet to be introduced into the mainstream practice due to various influences in behavioral patterns. By conducting an extensive literature search in the PubMed database, this narrative review paper depicts the present state of magnification devices, their applications within the endodontic practice, factors that influence their usage, the advantages, and shortcomings, as well as the significances of magnification in the field of endodontics. This review paper will encourage clinicians to employ magnification in their practice for improved outcome.
In vitro effect of diode laser against biofilm of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Tantivitayakul Ponpen , Rassameemasmaung Supanee , Thapanabhiboonsuk Sununtha
Published: October 2018

Objective: The main objective is to investigate the antibacterial effect of diode laser against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm. Materials and Methods: Biofilms of A. actinomycetemcomitans plus Streptococcus sanguinis grown on bovine root surfaces were treated with an 810-nm diode laser using a noncontact pulsed mode with a pulse interval and pulse length of 20 ms. Four protocols, that is, one episode of 1.5 or 2.5 W for 30 s and three episodes of 1.5 or 2.5 W for 30 s were tested. No treatment and 0.2% chlorhexidine treatment served as negative and positive controls, respectively. Viable bacterial number was determined by colony counting. Results: Treatment with chlorhexidine and all laser protocols except that using single episode of 1.5 W reduced the number of A. actinomycetemcomitans in either single-species or dual-species biofilm compared to negative control. A higher percentage of A. actinomycetemcomitans reduction was demonstrated after increasing the power output or repeating the irradiation. Conclusions: The laser protocols used in this study could reduce the number of viable bacteria but not eradicate A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm.
History and application of artificial neural networks in dentistry
Authors: Park Wook Joo , Park Jun-Beom
Published: October 2018

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a commonly used term in daily life, and there are now two subconcepts that divide the entire range of meanings currently encompassed by the term. The coexistence of the concepts of strong and weak AI can be seen as a result of the recognition of the limits of mathematical and engineering concepts that have dominated the definition. This presentation reviewed the concept, history, and the current application of AI in daily life. Applications of AI are becoming a reality that is commonplace in all areas of modern human life. Efforts to develop robots controlled by AI have been continuously carried out to maximize human convenience. AI has also been applied in the medical decision-making process, and these AI systems can help nonspecialists to obtain expert-level information. Artificial neural networks are highly interconnected networks of computer processors inspired by biological nervous systems. These systems may help connect dental professionals all over the world. Currently, the use of AI is rapidly advancing beyond text-based, image-based dental practice. This presentation reviewed the history of artificial neural networks in the medical and dental fields, as well as current application in dentistry. As the use of AI in the entire medical field increases, the role of AI in dentistry will be greatly expanded. Currently, the use of AI is rapidly advancing beyond text-based, image-based dental practice. In addition to diagnosis of visually confirmed dental caries and impacted teeth, studies applying machine learning based on artificial neural networks to dental treatment through analysis of dental magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and cephalometric radiography are actively underway, and some visible results are emerging at a rapid pace for commercialization.
Usefulness of measuring radiographic density of axis vertebra in patients at risk of osteoporosis: A cone-beam computed tomography study
Authors: Alkhader Mustafa , Alrashdan Mohammad S. , Khader Yousef
Published: October 2018

Objective: Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, the aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of measuring radiographic density of the axis vertebra (RDAV) in patients at risk of osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty-seven old patients (109 males and 138 females) aged between 50 and 80 years (mean age: 59.68 ± 7.27) were examined by CBCT. Using InVivoDental, v. 5.0 (Anatomage Inc., San Jose, CA), RDAV and mental index (MI) were measured twice and correlated using Pearson's correlation coefficients. Patients were divided into two categories: high risk and low risk of osteoporosis using 3.1 mm of MI as a cutoff value, and the mean value of RDAV was compared and correlated using independent samples' t-test and regression analysis. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was also used to examine the predictive power of RDAV. Results: The mean value of RDAV was moderately correlated with MI (r = 0.32), and in patients at low risk of osteoporosis, the mean value of RDAV was significantly higher than in patients at high risk of osteoporosis. In multivariate binary logistic regression, the odds of being at risk of osteoporosis decreased by 1% with one unit increase in RDAV (odds ratio = 0.988, 95% confidence interval: 0.983–0.993; P < 0.005). ROC analysis showed that the mean value of RDAV had a high predictive power for predicting patients at risk of osteoporosis (area under the curve = 0.761 for females and 0.649 for males). Conclusions: Measuring RDAV is considered useful in predicting patients at risk of osteoporosis.
Cytotoxicity evaluation of a new ozonized olive oil
Authors: Colombo Marco , Ceci Matteo , Felisa Eleonora , Poggio Claudio , Pietrocola Giampiero
Published: October 2018

Objective: The cytocompatibility of a new ozonized olive oil toward immortalized human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) was evaluated and compared with two common antimicrobial agents based on chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX). Materials and Methods: The cytocompatibility of the samples was tested on immortalized HGF-1 cells by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cells were incubated for 2 or 24 h with increasing dilution of ozonized olive oil or CHX agents. The percentage of viable cells was calculated relative to control cells set to 100%. Results: The ozonized olive oil is cytocompatible, and the viability values of the cells treated for 2 or 24 h with increasing concentrations of ozonized olive oil were significantly higher (P < 0.01) compared with the values obtained using CHX. Conclusions: The present data demonstrate that due to its cytocompatibility, the new ozonized olive oil could be considered an alternative antibacterial agent.
Gradient stability for the Sobolev inequality: the case $p\geq 2$
Authors: Figalli Alessio , Neumayer Robin
Published: October 2018

We show a strong form of the quantitative Sobolev inequality in

\mathbb{R}^n

for

p\geq 2

, where the deficit of a function

u\in \dot W^{1,p}

controls

\| \nabla u -\nabla v\|_{L^p}

for an extremal function

v

in the Sobolev inequality.
Optical method for verification of homogeneity of phantoms for calibration of magnetic resonance
Authors: Sękowska Anna Magdalena , Kamińska Aleksandra , Sabisz Agnieszka
Published: October 2018

The primary purpose of this study was to develop a laboratory photonic set-up for characterisation of homogeneity of gel phantoms for calibration of a magnetic resonance. In this system optical coherence tomography allows the detection of micro- and macroscopic heterogeneities of a structure. The set-up was used to perform measurements of agar and agar-carrageenan gels, which are the basis for more complex phantoms for magnetic resonance calibration. Obtained results were compared with magnetic resonance tomography methods used to detect macroscopic spatial differences in composition and heterogeneities in phantoms. Full Text: PDF ReferencesPrice R. R. et al., Quality assurance methods and phantoms for magnetic resonance imaging: report of AAPM nuclear magnetic resonance Task Group No. 1., Med Phys. 1990 Mar-Apr;17(2):287-95. CrossRef Tofts P.S., QA: quality assurance, accuracy, precision and phantoms. Chapter 3 in Tofts P.S. (ed.) Quantitative MRI of the brain: measuring changes caused by disease. Chichester: John Wiley, 55-81. ISBN: 0-470-84721-2 CrossRef Wróbel M., Popov A., Bykov A., Tuchin V.V., Jędrzejewska-Szczerska M., Nanoparticle-free tissue-mimicking phantoms with intrinsic scattering, Biomedical Optic Express, vol. 7(6), 2088-2094 (2016). CrossRef Feder I., Wróbel M., Duadi H., Jędrzejewska-Szczerska M., Fixler D., Experimental results of full scattering profile from finger tissue-like phantom, Biomedical Optic Express, vol. 7 (11), 4695-4701 (2016). CrossRef Wróbel M. S. et al., Use of optical skin phantoms for pre-clinical evaluation of laser efficiency for skin lesion therapy, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 20(8), 20(8):085003 (2015). CrossRef Wróbel M .S. et al., Multi-layered tissue head phantoms for noninvasive optical diagnostics, Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, 8(3), 1541005-1÷1541005-10 (2015). CrossRef Hellerbach A, Schuster V, Jansen A, Sommer J., MRI Phantoms - Are There Alternatives to Agar?, Plos One, 2013;8(8), ARTN e70343. CrossRef Almazrouei N. K., Newton M. I., Dye E. R., Morris R. H., Novel food-safe spin-lattice relaxation time calibration samples for use in magnetic resonance sensor development, Proceedings 2018, 2, 122. CrossRef Ohno S. et al., Production of a Human-Tissue-Equivalent MRI Phantom: Optimization of Material Heating, Magn Reson Med Sci. 2008;7(3):131-40. CrossRef Choma M. A., SarunicM. V., Yang C., Izatt J. A., Sensitivity advantage of swept source and Fourier domain optical coherence tomography, Opt. Express 11, 2183-2189 (2003). CrossRef Strąkowski M. R., Głowacki M., Kamińska A., Sawczak M., Gold nanoparticles evaluation using functional optical coherence tomography, Proc. SPIE 10053, Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXI, 1005336 (17 February 2017). CrossRef
Fiber optic microsphere with ZnO thin film for potential application in refractive index sensor – theoretical study
Authors: Hirsch Marzena
Published: October 2018

Optical fiber sensors of refractive index play important role in analysis of biological and chemical samples. This work presents a theoretical investigation of a spectral response of fiber optic microsphere with zinc-oxide (ZnO) thin film deposited on the surface and evaluates the prospect of using such structure for refractive index sensing. Microsphere is fabricated by optical fiber tapering method on the base of a single mode fiber. A numerical model is described and simulation was conducted to assess the influence of the ZnO layer deposition on a reflected signal. The results indicate that ZnO film improves the performance in terms of a potential application in refractive index sensor. Full Text: PDF ReferencesY. Qian, Y. Zhao, Q. Wu, Y. Yang, Review of salinity measurement technology based on optical fiber sensor, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 260, 86–105 (2018). CrossRef M. Jędrzejewska-Szczerska, Response of a New Low-Coherence Fabry-Pérot Sensor to Hematocrit Levels in Human Blood, Sensors, 14, 4, 6965–6976, (2014). CrossRef F. Sequeira et al., Refractive Index Sensing with D-Shaped Plastic Optical Fibers for Chemical and Biochemical Applications, Sensors, 16, 12, 2119, (2016). CrossRef M. Jędrzejewska-Szczerska et al., ALD thin ZnO layer as an active medium in a fiber-optic Fabry–Pérot interferometer, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 221, 88–94, (2015). CrossRef M. Hirsch, D. Majchrowicz, P. Wierzba, M. Weber, M. Bechelany, M. Jędrzejewska-Szczerska, Low-Coherence Interferometric Fiber-Optic Sensors with Potential Applications as Biosensors, Sensors, 17, 2, 261, (2017). CrossRef M. Hirsch, P. Wierzba, M. Jędrzejewska-Szczerska, Application of thin dielectric films in low coherence fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensing interferometers: comparative study, Proc. SPIE 10161, 101610D (2016). CrossRef J. Pluciński, K. Karpienko, Fiber optic Fabry-Pérot sensors: modeling versus measurements results, Proc. SPIE 10034, 100340H (2016). CrossRef F. Goldsmith, Quasioptical systems: Gaussian beam quasioptical propagation and applications. (Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press 1998). CrossRef
Enhancing microvasculature maps for Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A)
Authors: Rapolu Mounika , Niedźwiedziuk Paulina , Borycki Dawid , Wnuk Paweł , Wojtkowski Maciej
Published: October 2018

OCT-A is becoming more popular in recent years and there is a high demand to improve the quality of angiograms as well as to extract quantitative information. We applied various processing methods for microvasculature enhancement like Hessian-Frangi to a data set obtained with Bessel and Gaussian OCT systems. We used angiogenesis, fractal and multifractal analysis to extract more quantitative information. We applied the processing methods for healthy, stroke, tumor progression and the results of enhanced processing and quantitative analysis for those are presented in this letter. Full Text: PDF ReferencesJ. G. Fujimoto, C. Pitris, S. A. Boppart, and M. E. Brezinski, "Optical coherence microscopy as a novel, non-invasive method for the 4D live imaging of early mammalian embryos", Neoplasia (New York, NY), 2000, 2(1-2):9-25 CrossRef O. Liba, E. D. SoRelle, D. Sen, and A. de la Zerda, "Contrast-enhanced optical coherence tomography with picomolar sensitivity for functional in vivo imaging", Sci Rep. 2016, 6(1):23337. CrossRef O Liba, M. D. Lew, E. D. SoRelle, et al., "Speckle-modulating optical coherence tomography in living mice and humans", Nat Commun. 2017, 8:15845. CrossRef K. Karnowski, A. Ajduk, B. Wieloch, et al., "Optical coherence microscopy as a novel, non-invasive method for the 4D live imaging of early mammalian embryos", Sci Rep. 2017, 7(1):4165. CrossRef V. J. Srinivasan, S. Sakadžić, I. Gorczynska, et al., "Quantitative cerebral blood flow with Optical Coherence Tomography", Opt Express. 2010, 18(3):2477. CrossRef S. Tamborski, H. C. Lyu, H. Dolezyczek, et al. Extended-focus optical coherence microscopy for high-resolution imaging of the murine brain. Biomed Opt Express. 2016, 7(11):4400-4414. CrossRef A. F. Frangi, W. J. Niessen, K. L. Vincken, and M. A. Viergever, "Multiscale vessel enhancement filtering", Lect Notes Comput Sc. 1998;1496:130–137 CrossRef A. A. Ucuzian, A. A. Gassman, A. T. East, and H. P. Greisler , Journal of burn care & research: official publication of the American Burn Association 2010 , 31(1):158. CrossRef R. Lopes, and Betrouni, N. (2009). "Fractal and multifractal analysis: A review", Med. Image Anal. 13, 634–649. CrossRef J. W. Baish and R. K. Jain., "Correspondence re: J. W. Baish and R. K. Jain, Fractals and Cancer. Cancer Res., 60: 3683-3688, 2000.", Cancer Res. 2000, Jul 15, 60(14):3683-8. DirectLink
Studies on optical transmittance of boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond films
Authors: Wieloszynska Aleksandra , Bogdanowicz Robert
Published: October 2018

Thickness is one of the most important parameters in many applications using thin layers. This article describes determination of the thickness of boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) grown on fused silica glass. The spectroscopic measurement system has been used. A high refractive index (2.3 @ 550 nm) was achieved for NCD films. The thickness of the NCD samples has been determined from transmission spectrum. Full Text: PDF ReferencesZ. Li, S. Butun, K. Aydin, 'Large-area, lithography-free super absorbers and color filters at visible frequencies using ultrathin metallic films', ACS Photonics, vol. 2.2, pp. 183-188 2015. CrossRef L. Yu, D.D. Tune, C.J. Shearer, J.G. Shapter, 'Implementation of antireflection layers for improved efficiency of carbon nanotube–silicon heterojunction solar cells', Solar Energy, vol. 118, pp. 592-599, 2015. CrossRef D. Majchrowicz, Daria, et al., Nitrogen-Doped Diamond Film for Optical Investigation of Hemoglobin Concentration, Materials, vol. 11.1, pp. 109, 2018. CrossRef K.L. Konnerth, F.H. Dill, 'In-situ measurement of dielectric thickness during etching or developing processes', IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 22.7, pp. 452-456, 1975. CrossRef Z.G. Hu, P. Prunici, P. Hess, K.H. Chen, 'Optical properties of nanocrystalline diamond films from mid-infrared to ultraviolet using reflectometry and ellipsometry', Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 18.1, pp. 37-41, 2007. CrossRef J. Adamczewska, et al., 'Procesy technologiczne w elektronice półprzewodnikowej', WNT, Warsaw, 1980.J.P. Dilger, L. R. Fisher, D. A. Haydon, 'A critical comparison of electrical and optical methods for bilayer thickness determination', Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, vol. 30.2-3, pp. 159-176, 1982. CrossRef M, Ficek, et al, 'Optical and electrical properties of boron doped diamond thin conductive films deposited on fused silica glass substrates', Applied Surface Science, vol. 387, pp. 846-856, 2016. CrossRef R. Bogdanowicz, et al, 'Opto-Electrochemical Sensing Device Based on Long-Period Grating Coated with Boron-Doped Diamond Thin Film', J. Opt. Soc. Korea, vol. 19, pp. 705-710, 2015. CrossRef M. Sobaszek, et al., 'Optical and electrical properties of ultrathin transparent nanocrystalline boron-doped diamond electrodes', Optical Materials, vol.42, pp. 24-34, 2015. CrossRef R. Bogdanowicz, et al, 'Improved surface coverage of an optical fibre with nanocrystalline diamond by the application of dip-coating seeding', Diamond and Related Materials, vol. 55, pp. 52-63, 2015. CrossRef Z.G. Hu, P. Hess, 'Optical constants and thermo-optic coefficients of nanocrystalline diamond films at 30–500oC', Applied physics letters, vol. 89.8: 081906, 2006. CrossRef
Non invasive optical cellular imaging in humans
Authors: Wojtkowski Maciej , Jędrzejewska-Szczerska Małgorzata , Borycki Dawid
Published: October 2018

A brief editorial note for this issue
Conductas agresivas, victimización y uso problemático de videojuegos en escolares de educación primaria de la provincia de Granada
Authors: Chacón-Cuberos Ramón , Espejo-Garcés Tamara , Martínez-Martínez Asunción , Zurita-Ortega Félix , Castro-Sánchez Manuel , Ruiz-Rico Ruiz Gerardo
Published: October 2018

El uso abusivo de ocio digital de pantalla en niños y niñas en edad escolar genera múltiples problemas de tipo cognitivo y emocional. En este sentido, el uso de videojuegos de contenido violento puede generar trastornos en el comportamiento prosocial de los sectores más jóvenes de población, ligándose a conductas agresivas de diverso tipo. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal en una muestra de 519 escolares (M = 11.77 ± 1.19), cuyo principal objetivo fue determinar las relaciones existentes entre las conductas violentas en la escuela, los tipos de victimización y el uso problemático de videojuegos y su género en una muestra de estudiantes de Educación Primaria. Para ello, los principales instrumentos empleados fueron la escala de conductas agresivas en la escuela (Little, Henrich, Jones y Hawley, 2003), la escala de victimización en la escuela (Mynard y Joseph, 2000) y el cuestionario de experiencias relacionadas con videojuegos (Chamarro et al., 2014). Los resultados revelan que los escolares que padecían problemas potenciales o severos ligados al uso de videojuegos eran los que mayores puntuaciones reflejaban en agresividad manifiesta y relacional y victimización física y verbal. Asimismo, utilizar juegos de acción y rol, los cuales suelen incluir contenidos violentos, se asoció con mayores niveles de agresividad manifiesta y victimización relacional. Se hallaron correlaciones positivas entre el uso problemático de videojuegos y todas las categorías de agresividad y victimización. Como conclusiones, se demuestra como el uso de dispositivos de pantalla se relaciona sobremanera con los niveles de agresividad y victimización en escolares, revelando la importancia de realizar un consumo adecuado, así como fomentar conductas prosociales desde diferentes estamentos para paliar esta problemática.
Aproximación etnográfica a la construcción de las identidades femeninas y masculinas en Educación Primaria
Authors: Sanchez Alvarez Iriana
Published: October 2018

En la etapa de educación primaria los niños y las niñas aprenden a ser socialmente identificables como niño o niña, comenzando a construir su identidad de género. Desde esta perspectiva, el artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación etnográfica que se realizó en un centro de educación primaria del Principado de Asturias para conocer el proceso de construcción de las identidades femeninas y masculinas. Además de la observación participante realizada a lo largo de un curso académico en  5º y 6º de primaria, también se realizaron grupos de discusión con un total de 28 niños y niñas. Los resultados han permitido concluir que los niños y las niñas van conformando su identidad de género a través de las influencias de compañeros/as, maestras/os y las diferentes actividades, métodos y materiales utilizados en el contexto escolar. Asimismo hemos concluido que, en general, unos y otras se acomodan al rol de género hegemónico socialmente establecido, esperando encajar entre sus iguales y agradar a los adultos que les rodean. No obstante, también hay estudiantes que transgreden las normas de género lo que provoca que tengan dificultades en los procesos de interacción social con sus iguales, especialmente los chicos cuyo se asocia a la homosexualidad. Ante esta realidad, consideramos necesario el trabajo de género en la escuela, de forma holistic, desde las primeras edades para  deconstruir la categoría género (Connell, 1996, 2000) dado que los centros escolares constituyen espacios centrales para el desarrollo de un discurso contrahegemónico.
El rol del profesorado de apoyo en el aula regular de un instituto de educación secundaria
Authors: Sanahuja Josep Maria , Mas Oscar , Olmos Patricia
Published: October 2018

No hay duda de que los procesos de inclusión educativa alcanzan cada vez más a niveles educativos superiores y la educación secundaria no es ajena a esta tendencia. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el rol del profesorado de apoyo, específicamente proveniente de las unidades de apoyo a la educación especial, desde la perspectiva del profesorado y del alumnado. El estudio se lleva a cabo en un instituto de secundaria a través de la observación en el aula, la entrevista y los grupos de discusión con el fin de identificar el tipo de apoyo y las percepciones que el alumnado y el profesorado tienen de este apoyo. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de institucionalizar espacios de colaboración, la falta de tiempo en la planificación conjunta, las actitudes hacia la inclusión y la falta de formación relacionada con la inclusión del profesorado como elementos clave en el desarrollo profesional del apoyo en contextos inclusivos.
Relación del Funcionamiento Ejecutivo y Procesos Metacognitivos con el Rendimiento Académico en Niños y Niñas de Primaria
Authors: Mejía Rodriguez Gloria Lucia , Clariana Muntada Merce , Cladellas Pros Ramon
Published: October 2018

El propósito del estudio fue analizar la relación entre el funcionamiento ejecutivo con el rendimiento académico en artes, ciencias, matemáticas y lenguaje. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 77 estudiantes de 6 a 9 años, sin diagnóstico clínico. Se aplicó el cuestionario de evaluación conductual del funcionamiento ejecutivo BRIEF para padres. Los resultados mostraron que un mejor funcionamiento ejecutivo de los estudiantes en sus hogares, principalmente en procesos metacognitivos como la memoria de trabajo, la planificación, la iniciativa y el monitoreo, correlacionan con un rendimiento académico más alto tanto a nivel general como en cada área: artes, ciencias, matemáticas y lenguaje. Se concluye que el estudio del funcionamiento ejecutivo en contextos como el hogar y de su relación con diversas áreas académicas como artes y ciencias, además de matemáticas y lenguaje que han sido tradicionalmente observadas; contribuye a una comprensión más amplia e integradora de los factores que intervienen en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y en el funcionamiento cognitivo de los niños y las niñas.
Análisis de la propia actividad en el Practicum: una experiencia formativa
Authors: Plazaola Giger Itziar , Ruiz Bikandi Uri , Iriondo Itziar
Published: October 2018

Esta investigación es parte del proyecto de la red Hiprest de formación e investigación en la enseñanza de lenguas. Su programa de investigación, basado en las teorías de la actividad, analiza la experiencia del estudiante-profesor durante el Practicum, con una doble finalidad: impulsar la formación del futuro docente al tiempo que se investiga sobre el proceso formativo generado por el dispositivo. Siguiendo una metodología  de formación-investigación innovadora basada en la video-formación, se han analizado tres grabaciones de aula y otras tantas entrevistas de autoconfrontación de cada estudiante con una formadora-investigadora. En ellas, las futuras profesoras observan y analizan su propia acción docente desde el "exterior", lo que suscita la figuración de aspectos, actitudes y técnicas que permitirían mejorar su actividad en situaciones de enseñanzas similares. La investigación pone en evidencia fenómenos que caracterizan  el proceso formativo, tales como la inmersión analítica y la tipicación virtual. Su conocimiento permitirá definir nuevos contenidos de formación destinados de manera específica a la mejora de la práctica docente, al desarrollo profesional del novel
El conocimiento matemático y la mirada profesional de estudiantes para maestro en el contexto de la generalización de patrones. Caracterización de perfiles
Authors: Zapatera Llinares Alberto , Callejo de la Vega María Luz
Published: October 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la relación del conocimiento matemático y la competencia docente "mirar profesionalmente el pensamiento matemático de los estudiantes" en el contexto de la generalización de patrones. Para ello se pidió a 40 estudiantes para maestros (EPM) que resolvieran un problema de generalización de patrones y que describieran e interpretaran las soluciones de tres alumnos de Educación Primaria al mismo problema. A partir del análisis de sus respuestas se caracterizaron cuatro perfiles en el desarrollo de la competencia mirar profesionalmente y se establecieron cuatro grados de conocimiento. El análisis conjunto de los perfiles de la competencia y de los grados de conocimiento permitió refinar los perfiles incorporando descriptores del conocimiento e inferir una trayectoria del desarrollo de la competencia “mirar profesionalmente el pensamiento matemático de los estudiantes”. La investigación evidenció que aunque el conocimiento matemático del contenido es necesario para tener una mirada profesional, ese conocimiento no garantiza la competencia mirar profesionalmente el pensamiento matemático de los estudiantes. Los materiales utilizados y la trayectoria inferida pueden servir de referencia para elaborar módulos de enseñanza sobre la competencia “mirar profesionalmente el pensamiento matemático de los estudiantes” en el contexto de la generalización de patrones.
La alteridad como respuesta educativa frente a la exclusión social
Authors: Mínguez Vallejos Ramón , Romero Sánchez Eduardo , Gutiérrez Sánchez Marta
Published: October 2018

La exclusión es una de las categorías sociológicas que mejor describen nuestro tiempo y la crisis económica en la que estamos inmersos está dando buena cuenta de ello. Si no se abordan seriamente problemas como el fracaso y el abandono escolar la exclusión educativa terminará siendo sinónimo de pobreza y de exclusión social. Esta idea forma parte de las preocupaciones de instituciones y organismos en materia de política educativa tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional. Pero las soluciones a estos retos y amenazas que acechan a la educación y a la sociedad en su conjunto requieren  nuevos planteamientos que aborden esta problemática de manera más rigurosa. Es indispensable pensar la educación desde presupuestos radicalmente diferentes que hagan posible que el escenario escolar deje de ser un espacio productor de desigualdad. Con el objetivo de avanzar hacia una sociedad menos discriminatoria y excluyente, los autores de este artículo parten de la ética levinasiana y proponen un modelo centrado en la alteridad pedagógica. Una ética de la compasión  y de la responsabilidad que se materializa en la recuperación de las “víctimas”, en este caso los excluidos o descartados. Educar para la inclusión y la igualdad implica necesariamente responder del otro como alguien concreto, vulnerable y necesitado. Desde esta nueva perspectiva, la dimensión ética de la educación se ve reflejada en un estilo de vida guiado por los valores morales dentro y fuera de las aulas.
Aprendizaje Basado en un Proyecto Docente: Aprendizaje, creatividad, innovación y nuevos roles en la formación de profesorado en la era digital
Authors: De la Iglesia Villasol Mª Covadonga
Published: October 2018

La innovación y la creatividad se considera factor clave del desarrollo con efectos positivos en diversos órdenes tanto para la generación presente como futura, y para quienes las TIC han transformado el estilo de vida, la forma de comunicación y las herramientas de aprendizaje. En la formación del futuro profesorado la creatividad en el desarrollo de materiales docentes es condición necesaria para servir de transmisor del saber hacer y favorece, además, el acercamiento multidisciplinar en el aprendizaje de las diversas materias, donde las TIC constituyen el elemento que permite fraguar la necesaria y eficaz coordinación de recursos y contenidos didácticos que favorezca la conexión del estudiante con la realidad. Las TIC y el entorno virtual constituyen una herramienta excepcionalmente útil para aportar una visión radial e integral del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje para quienes cursan el MFP[1] en cualquier especialidad, y cómo no, también en Administración y Dirección de empresas (ADE) y Economía (ECO), que potencia el desarrollo de competencias y/o habilidades en el estudiante requeridas en el entorno profesional al que se enfrentan, la enseñanza y transmisión de conocimientos. En este trabajo se muestra a modo de caso el trabajo que se ha realizado desde la puesta en marcha del MFP en la UCM en la asignatura de Didáctica en la especialidad de ADE y ECO, en una propuesta integral de Aprendizaje Basado en un Proyecto Docente (ABPD).[1] Master de Formación del Profesorado, obligatorio para futuros docentes en centros de educación secundaria y de formación profesional.
Fadiga pré-operatória em pacientes com câncer: prevalência e fatores associados
Authors: Oliveira Murielly Marques de , Mota Dálete Delalibera Corrêa de Faria , Souza-Talarico Juliana Nery de
Published: October 2018

Este estudo objetivou descrever a prevalência de fadiga e identificar os fatores associados à fadiga em pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia oncológica. Pesquisa transversal, desenvolvida com 117 pacientes com câncer em pré-operatório (idade média= 51,2 anos; 76,9% mulheres; 65,8% viviam com companheiro; 70,9% não realizaram tratamento prévio para câncer). Instrumentos utilizados foram Escala de Fadiga de Piper – Revisada; Escala de Estresse Percebido; Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão; Escala Numérica de Dor; Escala Numérica de Sono e Escala de Karnofsky (KPS). Realizou-se teste de qui-quadrado, teste t-Student, ANOVA oneway. Constatamos que aprevalência da fadiga pré-operatória foi de 25,6% e a intensidade foi moderada/intensa. A dimensão afetiva de fadiga apresentou escore mais alto comparado às dimensões comportamental e sensorial/psicológica. Ansiedade, depressão, estresse, dor, sono e performance status se associaram à fadiga pré-operatória.
ATENDIMENTO AO ESTUDANTE – RECEPÇÃO, SAPP, NAI e UFGINCLUI
Authors: Benite-Ribeiro Sandra Aparecida , Novais Sandra Nara Da Silva , De Oliveira Souza Aurélia Magalhães , Moreira Joana D'arc , Da Costa Vanderlei Balbino
Published: October 2018

Com o objetivo de analisar o acolhimento e o apoio ao estudante na Regional Jataí (REJ), no presente estudo avaliamos quais os projetos ou programas de apoio realizados durante o ingresso do estudante e outros serviços de apoio estudantil. Os dados foram coletados de arquivos da Coordenação de Graduação, do Serviço de apoio psicológico e psicopedagógico (SAPP), do Núcleo de acessibilidade e inclusão (NAI), de órgãos Centro de Seleção e do Sistema Integrado de Núcleos de Acessibilidade (SINACE). Em relação à recepção ao ingressante não encontramos um programa institucionalizado, apenas ações isoladas, o que demonstra a importância de institucionalizar essa ação. O SAPP demonstrou ser eficiente em relação ao atendimento dos estudando, mas deficiente em relação ao número de profissionais e à estrutura física de trabalho destinado ao atendimento da comunidade pelo SAPP. Pela avaliação do NAI desde sua criação, observamos que as ações dedicadas à acessibilidade e inclusão vêm crescendo e obtendo importantes aquisições, tanto materiais quanto de recursos humanos, de forma que nenhum estudante da Regional, que solicitou atendimento pelo NAI, não está sem o devido apoio. Por outro lado, o programa do UFGinclui ainda está iniciando e precisa de auxílio significativo dos órgãos superiores da Universidade para seu efetivo atendimento aos estudantes. Apesar disso, todos os estudantes desses grupos possuem bolsas de permanência e com a ajuda dos próprios estudantes quilombolas e indígenas, a coordenação do programa tem conseguido atender pelo menos as necessidades básicas de todos indígenas e quilombolas da Regional Jataí.