bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block on neuroendocrine stress response and postoperative analgesia in paediatric patients undergoing elective open pyeloplasty – A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Rathod Pyarelal Ramsing , Bhoi Debesh , Kumar Ajeet , Ray Bikash Ranjan , Mohan Virender Kumar , Kashyap Lokesh
Published: April 2024

Background and Aims:

Quadratus lumborum block (QLB) is a compartmental block of the anterior abdominal wall. Surgical trauma produces neuroendocrine surgical stress responses, which are modified by anaesthetic blocks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound (US)-guided QLB on analgesia and surgical neuroendocrine stress response in paediatric patients undergoing pyeloplasty.

Methods:

A randomised trial was conducted in 60 children aged 1–7 years undergoing elective open pyeloplasty. Patients were randomised into Group QLB [US-guided QLB with 0.5 ml/kg of 0.25% ropivacaine after induction of general anaesthesia (GA)], and Group GA, which received only GA. Perioperative haemodynamic parameters, serum cortisol, blood glucose, analgesic consumption and postoperative FLACC scores were recorded. Unpaired t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test or Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare variables between the two groups. Two-way analysis of variance or the Friedmann test was used to compare quantitative variables at various points within a group.

Results:

A decrease in serum cortisol and blood glucose values was observed in Group QLB at 30 min after surgical incision and 24 h after surgery compared to the preoperative value and compared to Group GA (P < 0.05). The quality of analgesia assessed by the FLACC scale was significantly better in group QLB. Dose of fentanyl consumption (µg/kg) was higher in Group GA compared to Group QLB in the intraoperative and postoperative period (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

QLB is effective as part of multimodal analgesia and attenuates the neuroendocrine stress in paediatric patients undergoing open pyeloplasty.
Plica Neuropathica in Infancy
Authors: Sangal Bhavya
Published: April 2024

Plica neuropathica is an acquired hair disorder characterized by matted hair locks. We report a case of plica neuropathica in infancy, where due to repeated washing of hair without combing led to matted hair nest on the scalp. We report this case due to its rare occurrence.
Meta-analysis on the Efficacy of Platelet-rich Plasma in Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Olisova Olga , Potapova Mariia , Suvorov Aleksandr , Koriakin Danila , Lepekhova Anfisa
Published: April 2024

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous platelet concentrate in plasma enriched with growth factors that may stimulate tissue regeneration, collagen formation, re-epithelization, and angiogenesis. PRP is widely used as an androgenetic alopecia treatment option. The present work aims to test the efficacy of various PRP methods, including those with single-spin and double-spin centrifugation. We performed a review of articles published from 2011 to 2021 in PubMed and ScienceDirect. The studies vary in the preparation procedure, dose, number, intervals between the procedures, and the injection technique because of low standardization of PRP preparation, complicating the evaluation of the clinical efficacy of the method. Based on the conducted statistical analysis, we came to the conclusion that the double-spin PRP preparation method was superior to the single-spin technique, which may be taken into account for AGA management.
A Potpourri of Trichoscopic Findings: Unique Presentation of Hyperthyroidism-Induced Hair Changes
Authors: Salve Vrushali Jaysing , Viswanath Vishalakshi , Joshi Pradnya , Dhakne Mayuri
Published: April 2024

Hyperthyroidism is known to cause thin, brittle hair, and premature graying. Hair shaft abnormalities in hyperthyroidism have not been described in the literature. A visible and microscopic change in the hair shaft due to cosmetic procedures and environmental factors is known as hair weathering. Herein, we report a case of hair weathering in an adult female with hyperthyroidism with unique dermoscopic features.
Joint Brain Tumor Segmentation from Multi-magnetic Resonance Sequences through a Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Dehghani Farzaneh , Karimian Alireza , Arabi Hossein
Published: April 2024

Background:

Brain tumor segmentation is highly contributive in diagnosing and treatment planning. Manual brain tumor delineation is a time-consuming and tedious task and varies depending on the radiologist’s skill. Automated brain tumor segmentation is of high importance and does not depend on either inter- or intra-observation. The objective of this study is to automate the delineation of brain tumors from the Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T1-weighted (T1W), T2-weighted (T2W), and T1W contrast-enhanced (T1ce) magnetic resonance (MR) sequences through a deep learning approach, with a focus on determining which MR sequence alone or which combination thereof would lead to the highest accuracy therein.

Methods:

The BraTS-2020 challenge dataset, containing 370 subjects with four MR sequences and manually delineated tumor masks, is applied to train a residual neural network. This network is trained and assessed separately for each one of the MR sequences (single-channel input) and any combination thereof (dual- or multi-channel input).

Results:

The quantitative assessment of the single-channel models reveals that the FLAIR sequence would yield higher segmentation accuracy compared to its counterparts with a 0.77 ± 0.10 Dice index. As to considering the dual-channel models, the model with FLAIR and T2W inputs yields a 0.80 ± 0.10 Dice index, exhibiting higher performance. The joint tumor segmentation on the entire four MR sequences yields the highest overall segmentation accuracy with a 0.82 ± 0.09 Dice index.

Conclusion:

The FLAIR MR sequence is considered the best choice for tumor segmentation on a single MR sequence, while the joint segmentation on the entire four MR sequences would yield higher tumor delineation accuracy.
Noninvasive Monitoring of Tissue Temperature Changes Induced by Focused Ultrasound Exposure using Sparse Expression of Ultrasonic Radio Frequency Echo Signals
Authors: Malekzadeh Kiarash Behnam , Behnam Hamid , Tavakkoli Jahangir (Jahan)
Published: April 2024

Background:

Noninvasive therapies such as focused ultrasound were developed to be used for cancer therapies, vessel bleeding, and drug delivery. The main purpose of focused ultrasound therapy is to affect regions of interest (ROI) of tissues without any injuries to surrounding tissues. In this regard, an appropriate monitoring method is required to control the treatment.

Methods:

This study is aimed to develop a noninvasive monitoring technique of focused ultrasound (US) treatment using sparse representation of US radio frequency (RF) echo signals. To this end, reasonable results in temperature change estimation in the tissue under focused US radiation were obtained by utilizing algorithms related to sparse optimization as orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) and accompanying Shannon’s entropy. Consequently, ex vivo tissue experimental tests yielded two datasets, including low-intensity focused US (LIFU) and high-intensity focused US (HIFU) data. The proposed processing method analyzed the ultrasonic RF echo signal and expressed it as a sparse signal and calculated the entropy of each frame.

Results:

The results indicated that the suggested approach could noninvasively estimate temperature changes between 37°C and 47°C during LIFU therapy. In addition, it represented temperature changes during HIFU ablation at various powers, ranging from 10 to 130 W. The normalized mean square error of the proposed method is 0.28, approximately 2.15 on previous related methods.

Conclusion:

These results demonstrated that this novel proposed approach, including the combination of sparsity and Shanoon’s entropy, is more feasible and effective in temperature change estimation than its predecessors.
Spectroscopy-Based Machine Learning Approach to Predict Engine Fuel
Properties of Biodiesel
Authors: Bukkarapu Kiran Raj , Krishnasamy Anand
Published: April 2024

Various feedstocks can be employed for biodiesel production, leading to
considerable variation in composition and engine fuel characteristics. Using
biodiesels originating from diverse feedstocks introduces notable variations in
engine characteristics. Therefore, it is imperative to scrutinize the
composition and properties of biodiesel before deployment in engines, a task
facilitated by predictive models. Additionally, the international
commercialization of biodiesel fuel is contingent upon stringent regulations.
The traditional experimental measurement of biodiesel properties is laborious
and expensive, necessitating skilled personnel. Predictive models offer an
alternative approach by estimating biodiesel properties without depending on
experimental measurements. This research is centered on building models that
correlate mid-infrared spectra of biodiesel and critical fuel properties,
encompassing kinematic viscosity, cetane number, and calorific value. The
novelty of this investigation lies in exploring the suitability of support
vector machine (SVM) regression, a burgeoning machine learning algorithm, for
developing these models. Hyperparameter optimization for the SVM models was
conducted using the grid search method, Bayesian optimization, and gray wolf
optimization algorithms. The resultant SVM models exhibited a noteworthy
reduction in mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the prediction of
biodiesel viscosity (3.1%), cetane number (3%), and calorific value (2.1%). SVM
regression, thus, emerges as a proficient machine learning algorithm capable of
establishing correlations between the mid-infrared spectra of biodiesel and its
properties, facilitating the reliable prediction of biodiesel
characteristics.
Adaptive Model Predictive Control for Articulated Steering
Vehicles
Authors: Huang Bin , Ma Minrui , Ma Liutao , Cui Kangyu , Wei Xiaoxu
Published: April 2024

Vehicles equipped with articulated steering systems have advantages such as low
energy consumption, simple structure, and excellent maneuverability. However,
due to the specific characteristics of the system, these vehicles often face
challenges in terms of lateral stability. Addressing this issue, this paper
leverages the precise and independently controllable wheel torques of a hub
motor-driven vehicle. First, an equivalent double-slider model is selected as
the dynamic control model, and the control object is rationalized. Subsequently,
based on the model predictive control method and considering control accuracy
and robustness, a weight-variable adaptive model predictive control approach is
proposed. This method addresses the optimization challenges of multiple systems,
constraints, and objectives, achieving adaptive control of stability,
maneuverability, tire slip ratio, and articulation angle along with individual
wheel torques during the entire steering process of the vehicle. Finally, the
effectiveness of the controller is validated through hardware-in-the-loop
testing, and the data indicates that the proposed adaptive model predictive
controller significantly enhances the vehicle’s handling stability.
USO DO METAVERSO E DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Pedra Rodrigo Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

Esta pesquisa investigou como o uso da inteligência artificial e do metaverso pode ser incorporado de forma efetiva como ferramenta pedagógica no campo da educação, e apontar alguns caminhos para melhorar o ensino e aprendizado, bem como contribuir para o desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas e sociais importantes. Dentro deste contexto, esta pesquisa visou responder a seguinte problemática: Quais os impactos promovidos pelo uso do metaverso e da inteligência artificial na educação? O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi analisar como o metaverso e a inteligência artificial impactam no processo ensino-aprendizagem. A metodologia é a pesquisa bibliográfica. Os materiais para a pesquisa foram coletados entre os meses de abril a junho de 2023. Os resultados da pesquisa foram bibliográficos e descritivos em livros e artigos científicos. Os resultados dos estudos demonstram que as tecnologias do metaverso e inteligência artificial podem contribuir amplamente e de forma eficaz para o desenvolvimento cognitivo, melhorar a motivação e o engajamento dos estudantes dentro de uma abordagem da aprendizagem significativa no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Determinantes do efeito Rally-Round-the Flag: os casos de Trump, Orbán e Bolsonaro em meio à pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Silva Marques Rodolfo , Silva de Oliveira André
Published: April 2024

O advento da pandemia do vírus da Covid-19 provocou um problema tormentoso para as democracias ao redor do planeta. Alguns governantes, escorando-se no Efeito Rally-round-the-Flag, aproveitaram o momento de excepcionalidade para incrementar os próprios poderes executivos tornando-os ainda mais exorbitantes, ao passo que outros assumiram uma postura negacionista em relação à ameaça global representada pelo vírus perdendo a oportunidade de se apresentarem como protetores da população e, assim, forjar algum tipo de unidade nacional. O objetivo do artigo consiste em analisar como três lideranças políticas relevantes e de recorte autoritário adotaram estratégias distintas de enfrentamento da pandemia, abraçando ou desprezando o Efeito Rally-round-the-Flag, bem como as consequências políticas de tais decisões. Nossa hipótese é a de que as lideranças escrutinadas no trabalho que desprezaram a estratégia Rally-round-the-Flag Effect foram mal sucedidas no combate à pandemia pagando um alto preço político por isto, o que não aconteceu com quem a adotou. Nesse sentido serão examinados criticamente os casos dos governos Donald Trump, Jair Bolsonaro e Viktor Orbán em face do tema proposto. O método empregado consiste em confrontar os três modelos de governança no combate à pandemia com a literatura em ciência política, sobretudo a que trata do Efeito Rally-round-the-Flag e das chamadas democracias iliberais considerando o perfil autoritário das mencionadas lideranças. A principal conclusão mostra que a estratégia negocionista de Trump e Bolsonaro resultou em fracasso pelo elevado número de mortes decorrentes da pandemia e frustrou seus eventuais planos de erosão democrática das instituições, enquanto Orbán, adotando a postura de protetor da população sob o manto do Efeito Rally-round-the-Flag, ampliou ainda mais seus poderes executivos.
Entrevista com José Fogaça
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Geélison , Da Silva Robert Bonifácio , Casalecchi Gabriel Ávila
Published: April 2024

Entrevista com José Fogaça
Geoarchaeological Investigations in the Bronze Age Ore Beneficiation Landscape of Troiboden (Province of Salzburg, Austria)
Authors: Rashidian Elnaz
Published: April 2024

Mitterberg is the largest known Middle Bronze Age copper mining area in the Austrian Alps. During the course of the 2011 excavation  campaign, a geoarchaeological investigation was conducted at the Troiboden peat bog, immediately southwest of the Mitterberg  mine’s main entrance, which shows evidence of a more sophisticated ore beneficiation process with less copper loss than previously  anticipated and has yet to be demonstrated at Bronze Age sites elsewhere. A portion of results of this investigation is summarized  here. A sediment typology based on geoarchaological analysis is presented, and interpretations are made regarding the situation of  the ore beneficiation landscape of Troiboden and its relationships both with the Mitterberg mines and its natural setting.
Regional food security management based on Data Driven Decision Making
Authors:   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University, Kaldiyarov D. A. , Dulambayeva R. T. ,   Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Bedelbayeva A. E. ,   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University
Published: April 2024

The goal is to study the effectiveness of food security management in the country and regions based on the principles of Data Driven Decision Making (DDDM) for making justified and effective decisions. This research was carried out as part of implementation of the tasks of the project on grant financing of Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic AP14871923 “Management of regional food security in the context of global challenges based on the concept of Data Driven Decision Making.” Methods - the works of domestic and foreign economists concerning the problems of food supply in the context of globalization and integration of the country's economy were used as theoretical and methodological basis for the study. Scientific research methods: monographic, abstract, logical, systemic and complex analysis, statistical data processing, structural-functional approach. Results - the authors considered the possibility of using DDDM in agricultural sector. Conclusions - implementation of the results allows to obtain a multiplier effect associated with achieving sustainability of agro-industrial system of the country's regions through the implementation of DDDM principles in practical activities of central state and local authorities. It is substantiated that the use of the concept of decision-making based on Data Driven Decision Making contributes to objective assessment of economic and physical availability of food, food safety, when quality of raw materials and products meets established requirements and guarantees safe consumption. It is necessary to support domestic production and reduce imports. This policy is followed by many countries with high level of food self-sufficiency.
State support for agriculture in Kazakhstan for the medium term
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development, Rustembayev B. , Akhmetova D. T. ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research University, Zhunusova R. M. ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research University
Published: April 2024

The goal is to analyze budget revenues and expenses for a three-year period based on state support for agriculture. Methods – based on comparative analysis, the estimated indicators of agricultural production and volume of financing are considered. Results – the main parameters of the draft republican budget for 2024-2026 were studied in connection with the calculated indicators of the Forecast of socio-economic development of Kazakhstan for 2024-2028, as well as the budget volume for 2024-2025 and the concept of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2030. Issues related to the formation of the draft republican budget according to the basic scenario for the development of the country's economy are presented. In the context of main budget functional groups, the size, structure and main directions of financing expenditures of the republican budget are shown in comparative form. Conclusions – the main budget programs for financing agricultural sector are outlined in detail. It is noted that their budgeting has been significantly reduced for projects such as “Stabilization and improvement of the environment” and “Effective water resources management”. As for budget lending, its volumes are increasing significantly compared to previous years, which can be positively assessed as an increase in financial support from the state. However, if industry lending data is compared with a three-year forecast, the amount of industry funding is declining. A decrease in value of budget financing and loans from budget for agricultural production in the medium term will not contribute to increasing their volumes. An important document for planning (budgeting) of agricultural enterprises is a business plan, which generates information about the capacity of market segments and their market shares; characteristics of competitors and consumers are presented, forecast estimates for sales volumes are compiled for several years in advance.
State regulation of agricultural sector based on the example of cultivation of industrial crops in the Zhetisu region of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University, Baytaeva G.R.
Published: April 2024

The goal is to study the mechanisms of state support for agricultural sector (using the example of industrial crops in the Zhetisu region), analyze the current state of agro-industrial production in the Republic of Kazakhstan, consider problems and ways of their solution. Methods – theoretical basis of the work consists of the works of foreign and domestic scientists; the analysis method assesses the development of agro-industrial complex of the Zhetisu region, regulation of the price level for industrial crops and food. Using the statistical method, conclusions on the current situation and prospects for their production. The modeling method made it possible to form effective model for managing agricultural sector. Results – problems associated with raw materials orientation of agricultural sector, incomplete utilization of production capacity, low level of introduction of innovative technologies and technical equipment slow down the pace of development of agricultural industry. Ways to solve these problems have been outlined: proposals aimed at improving the availability of financing for small businesses through investing in agricultural infrastructure and expanding the network of production and service cooperatives, increasing the efficiency of state support for agricultural economy of the Zhetisu region have been prepared. Conclusions – the main scientific principles obtained during the study can be used as information and analytical material for the development and implementation of effective policies for cultivation, processing and sale of industrial crops in the region. Natural and labor resources will allow the region to become self-sufficient in food supply. The main directions of modern state policy for regulating agricultural production are indicated: creating conditions for maintaining sustainable growth in demand for food products and raw materials; creation of infrastructure, system of wholesale and retail markets; support of price system that satisfies the population's demands for food.
Tax incentives in agricultural sector: indicators and performance results
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development, Ibrishev N. N. , Kalgulova R. Zh. ,   L.B. Goncharova Kazakh Automobile and Road Institute Kazakhstan, Aiypova T. A. ,   L.B. Goncharova Kazakh Automobile and Road Institute Kazakhstan
Published: April 2024

The goal is to show the current state and prospects for tax incentives in agricultural sector. Methods – economic-statistical, factor analysis, comparison and synthesis, logical justification. Results – it is substantiated that direct methods of supporting certain sectors of agroindustrial complex can be effectively replaced by indirect methods due to differences in the rate of unified land tax for peasant (farm) enterprises, and for other forms of business there are differences in the corporate income tax base. In particular, direct support is compensated by tax mechanisms in agricultural formations producing crop products (the average level of profitability for 202-2022 was 49,6%), with the exception of rice cultivation, as well as in individual entrepreneurship and peasant (private) farms specializing in production of livestock products (profitability – 35,6%). An assessment of possible budget revenues is given, in conditions of full control and application of liability measures for improper or inappropriate use of agricultural land. Conclusions – calculation of the potential funding volumes that can be used to improve the land use is provided. The irrational use of agricultural land is associated with their ineffective exploitation: imperfect methods of cultivation or fertilization, improper planning of crop rotations. Regional characteristics, which cause different problems and needs that require adaptation of coordination measures and regulation should be taken into account. It is necessary to continue the work to cover the entire territory of Kazakhstan with agricultural maps to provide complete and accurate information on the condition and use of land resources, which will prevent possible violations for which fines and increased tax rates may be levied.
Regional ecosystems of socially oriented entrepreneurship in Southern Kazakhstan
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Dzhulaeva A. M. , Yerezhepova A. A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Nurmanova B. Z. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: April 2024

Goal – scientific work is based on defining conceptual approaches to the formation of regional ecosystem model of socially oriented entrepreneurship and identifying opportunities for its implementation for sustainable growth of socio-economic development of regions. Methods – bibliographic analysis of scientific articles in this area. The modeling method contributed to justifying the need to form a regional “business ecosystem”. The statistical method allowed to draw conclusions about the state and prospects for expanding social entrepreneurial activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results – a review of literature sources made it possible to identify a direction aimed at solving social problems as the basic form of manifestation of socialization and inclusiveness of modern economy, ensuring its sustainable development by achieving not only the social efficiency of entrepreneurial initiative, but also economic profitability; the importance of various types of social projects is shown, which is based on fundamental principle of entrepreneurial practice, the essence of which is to ensure its self-sufficiency: non-profit organizations (NPO), including socially oriented ones. Conclusions – for effective and efficient use of potential of social startups in the context of sustainable development of society, it is necessary to study their phenomenon and develop ecosystem of corporate social responsibility not only at microeconomic level in individual and collective forms of the enterprise, but also in the macroeconomic format of the institution of regional ecosystem of socially oriented entrepreneurship, which is being formed as a network of interrelations between subjects of commercial, non-profit and public sectors, establishing the interaction of supply and demand for social value created. The main elements of ecosystem should be the state, social capital, market for social services and infrastructural support.
Current state, internal reserves and ways to increase the competitiveness of livestock farming in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   I.Zhansugurov Zhetysu University, Kydyrbaeva E. O. , Baidybekova S. K. ,   I.Zhansugurov Zhetysu University, Tolamisova A. G. ,   I.Zhansugurov Zhetysu University
Published: April 2024

Relevance - the livestock industry occupies a strategic position in the economy of all countries because it supplies the population with affordable food products, thereby ensuring food security of states and regions. Purpose –livestock products market in Kazakhstan and its impact on the state of agro-industrial production are considered; monitoring of agricultural producers by the number of farm animals; analysis of volumes and comparative advantages of livestock products for various categories of farms; identifying the main problems and prospects for diversification industries. When conducting the research, methods of analysis and synthesis, graphical, economicstatistical, and systems approaches were used. The main sources of information when conducting the study include data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019-2023, and the works of scientists on the development of livestock segment. Results - the authors note that the greatest increase in the number of cattle is observed in personal subsidiary plots and peasant (private) farms, which are the main producers and suppliers of livestock products, providing the food market of the republic. The main problems that make it difficult to increase the volume of livestock products are identified: the predominance of small-scale farms; low level of breeding; undeveloped food supply; poor labor motivation among agricultural workers. Conclusions – the expansion of market niche of livestock products as one of the priority areas of agricultural sector of economy depends on the further expansion of the network of production cooperatives – the most acceptable and effective form of farming in rural areas; increasing productivity of farm animals; improvement of food supply; attracting domestic and foreign investments; in the future, the use of information systems for storing data on feed consumption and payment, the physiological state of animals, economic activities and development of livestock development plans.
Production of meat and processed products in the conditions of technological modernization of agro-industrial complex of the East Kazakhstan region
Authors:   Shakarim University, Zhailaubayeva Sh. , Kendyukh Y. ,   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Dambaulova G. K. ,   A. Baitursynov Kostanay Regional University
Published: April 2024

Goal - the current situation and promising directions for the development of meat industry in the East Kazakhstan region are considered, and limiting factors for its growth are identified. During the research process, in the context of a comprehensive analysis, calculationconstructive, statistical-economic, expert, and monographic methods were used. Results – an assessment of the main parameters of livestock complex and meat processing sector in the Eastern region over the past five years is presented. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that there are positive changes in meat sector, but overall production is not efficient enough. The authors note the lack of raw materials and high cost of raw materials. Food imports occupy a significant place, and small-scale production of farms leads to decrease in the competitiveness of goods produced. Conclusions – the results of the study made it possible to substantiate the most optimal directions for increasing the volume of meat product subcomplex and expanding meat products market through effective government regulation, development of cooperative and integration relations between agricultural producers and processing industry enterprises, allowing the creation of cooperatives that contribute to increasing the size of production and processing of meat products. As economic measures, it is advisable to stimulate supply and demand for food products, preferential lending throughout the entire cycle of obtaining products and selling them on domestic and foreign markets. The authors focus on the need to find options for reducing costs of production processes, implementing innovative projects and forming cluster-type associations. The creation of new enterprises (meat processing plants, poultry farms) will create new jobs and increase the income of the population.
Current problems and prospects of poultry industry: innovative vector
Authors:   Zhangir khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University, Gabbassova Zh. , Dossanova A. ,   Zhangir khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University, Lim Song Soo ,   Korea University
Published: April 2024

Poultry farming in Kazakhstan is one of the most progressive and dynamically developing areas of agriculture, which is profitable and quickly pays off. The goal is to study the economic indicators of poultry farming industry, develop directions for its development, and analyze government support measures. Methods – statistical analysis, comparison and generalization, observation with subsequent conclusions. Results - the authors show the state of poultry farms, identify problems and factors that negatively affect the growth of production volumes, and consider issues of subsidizing producers. It is noted that poultry production, including chickens and eggs, has increased, which is important to meet the growing demand for these food products. Efforts are being made to develop the domestic poultry sector through various initiatives, including investment in infrastructure, improvement of technological processes, and government assistance. These measures are aimed at reducing dependence on imported poultry meat and increasing self-sufficiency in poultry products. Vaccination programs are being implemented and biosafety protocols and monitoring systems are being improved. The republic's poultry farmers are introducing modern production methods and technologies to optimize labor efficiency and productivity. This is, first of all, the use of innovations in genetics, integrated diets, and more advanced housing and management systems. Conclusions - based on the experience of developed countries, it is proposed to raise the level of poultry farming in Kazakhstan through investment in research and development, introduction of advanced technologies, efficient production methods, wide access to markets and compliance with high quality standards. However, achieving results in poultry farming depends on specific geographical, economic and cultural factors. The stable development and expansion of poultry farming sector provides a number of undeniable advantages: a new level of small and mediumsized businesses; additional jobs; providing the population of the republic with high-quality products of domestic production; a real opportunity to refuse similar imported products; quite a large flow of investment.
Vegetable and potato growing in Kazakhstan as the main direction of agricultural production
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complexand Rural Development, Zhumasheva S. T. , Kantarbaeva Sh. M. ,   Narxoz University, Shintaeva S. S. ,   Turan-Astana University
Published: April 2024

The goal is to assess the development of potato and vegetable growing and their impact on the state of domestic and regional agricultural markets, to formulate proposals for stabilizing and improving the situation in the near future. Methods – comparative analysis, economicstatistical and structural approaches. Results – the authors note that in order to achieve the required level of food security, it is necessary to increase the volume of cultivation of these products in large agricultural enterprises, which will contribute to the growth of commercial production of vegetables and potatoes of proper quality. The state and potential of vegetable and potato farms, their regional characteristics, formation of vegetable market, and state support for vegetable growing industry at the national level are considered. The issues of regulating cultivation and sale of vegetable products are analyzed, the level of its consumption in the constituent entities of the Republic of Kazakhstan and factors determining it are shown. Monitoring of the areas of potatoes grown in open ground, tools and mechanisms for stimulating their expansion, the share of gross potato harvest for all categories of farms in the republic, the dynamics of prices of agricultural producers and consumer prices was carried out. Taking into account the scientific views and opinions of researchers, analysis of the category “sustainable development” is presented. Conclusions – it is necessary to carry out reclamation measures related to the involvement of agricultural land in circulation for vegetable and potato growing, increase in state support for agricultural producers, as well as funds to reimburse part of costs incurred for production of greenhouse vegetables, and technical re-equipment of production facilities. The implementation of investment projects is important, which will make it possible in the medium term to achieve complete food independence for vegetables and potatoes and ensure an acceptable price environment for their producers and consumers.
Application of marketing tools in agricultural land market
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development, Rustembayev B. , Kulmaganbetova A. ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University, Ydyrys S. S. ,   H.A.Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: April 2024

Goal – the issues of development of agricultural land market are considered, since this specific type of operation with land plots requires the use of marketing tools that are more adapted to modern conditions. Methods – during the research, comparative method was used, on the basis of which the state of agricultural land was analyzed using the example of the Akmola region; statistical – based on the use of statistical data on supply and demand for land for agriculture. Results – it was determined that formation and expansion of the land market is one of the most important directions of land policy in Kazakhstan. It has been revealed that land resources occupy a special place in the system of socio-economic categories. An analysis of agricultural lands was carried out, which is associated with their special significance as the most important production potential in agricultural sector. Marketing concepts– as one of the ways to develop land market are shown. It is substantiated that the main type of payment for land is currently rent, since the bulk of agricultural land (98%) is leased. Conclusions – the main provisions obtained during the study can be used as information and analytical material for developing a methodology for calculating rental payments by determining criteria for improving the consumer properties of agricultural land. The pricing process requires new approaches, in particular, the existing methodology for calculating rent on agricultural land is outdated and needs to be improved, which will help stabilize and expand the volume of agricultural production, increase the intensity and efficiency of management.
Rational agricultural land use
Authors:   Innovations and Aerospace Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Abdikadirova A. , Dulatbekova Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Baimbetova A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2024

The goal is to study the importance of rational use of land area for cultivation of crops. At the same time, a decisive role is assigned to increasing their productivity in order to ensure food security of the republic. Methods – economic-statistical, factor analysis and marketing research. Results – the need to improve the mechanism for the return and redistribution of empty unused in agriculture has been identified. It was determined that their status should be increased in order to be involved in agricultural turnover. The forecast for the sown area and the efficiency of cultivating crops has been calculated. The authors note that the return of unused lands to agricultural use will increase their productivity by up to 32%, and will also meet the need for agricultural products. Conclusions - it is necessary to accelerate the process of transferring this category of land to the state for their full exploitation for agricultural purposes, since the area of arable land for agricultural purposes is decreasing, which negatively affects the productivity of some agricultural plants. Rational land use in agriculture and solving the country's food problem contribute to increasing soil fertility, combating erosion, which poses a significant threat to the sustainability of agroecosystems, and reducing their degradation. In countries with developed economies, a systematic land accounting method is used. Its distinctive characteristic is the ability to carry out registration and accounting activities with land plots within the region and low unit costs. In Kazakhstan, it is advisable to use this approach in relation to agricultural lands, a significant share of which constitutes the country’s land fund. The proposed methods will reduce the number of abandoned land masses, increase investment attractiveness, and also support peasant (private) farms.
New trends in platform employment of rural youth in the context of digital transformation
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Akimbekova Ch. U. , Grigoruk V. V. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Meirman K. M. ,   LLP Good Deal Group
Published: April 2024

The use of online digital labor platforms is aimed at simplifying access to professional activities, accelerating and facilitating the interaction of workers and employers in the process of labor relations. The goal is to study new trends in platform employment of rural youth in the context of digital transformation of economy. The methods are based on materials from domestic and foreign analytical reviews, scientific publications, changes in social and labor legislation and practice of developing platform employment of the rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The method of quantitative and graphical analysis of the number of freelancers by industry, dynamics in the level of youth unemployment, education, as well as in regional aspect is used. Results – the state and factors hindering the increase in the level of employment of rural young personnel in freelance sector due to the underdevelopment of Internet platforms for labor adaptation and weak social infrastructure in rural areas, and a low incentive for young specialists to work have been identified. The importance of motivational factors contributing to the growth of prestige, increasingly popular format of work – online platforms and development of labor potential of the younger generation is substantiated. The fundamental importance of attracting young villagers through freelancing in labor-abundant regions of the country has been proven. Conclusions – official freelancing and platform employment in the republic are at the stage of formation, as evidenced by the recent inclusion of these norms in social and labor legislation. Statistical authorities provide very limited information on development of free employment. It is proposed, using world experience, to expand research to achieve the ultimate goal - improving the quality of life of the rural population.
Optimizing the quality of training for agriculture: priorities, mechanisms
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Sarieva A. K. , Tazhiyeva S. K. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Dossumova Zh. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development
Published: April 2024

The goal is to show special importance of improving the qualifications of teaching staff, who are faced with the task of training personnel for agricultural industry. Methods – comparative analysis, sociological survey, online survey, observation, use of statistical information. Results - the authors note the increased demand for specialists with modern knowledge and innovative technologies, who play a key role in shaping the next generation of leaders and innovators in agricultural production. The need for a high degree of teaching skills and deep understanding of industry trends, including peculiarities of the practice of developing agricultural sector, mastery of interdisciplinary sciences and effective teaching methodologies, and the ability to integrate them into educational programs has been proven. It should be pointed out that the ties between educational institutions and agricultural enterprises are not strong enough and that the content of education does not fully meet the requirements currently set by employers for the level of professional competence of graduates. The main task is to raise the level and quality of life of the Kazakh village and make it more attractive. Among the initial measures are scientific and personnel support for rural areas. Based on the study, it is substantiated that agricultural universities require not only structural changes, but also a deep modernization of agricultural education in order to meet the realities of today. Competent personnel are the key to effective work and, as a result, additional profit and stability of the enterprise. Conclusions - the creation of a model of interaction between agricultural educational institutions, business and the state will make it possible to supplement the innovative component in research activities with the development of direct ties with subjects of agro-industrial complex.
ESTUDIO SOBRE EL NUEVO MARCO LEGAL DE LAS POLITICAS SOCIALES E IGUALDAD DE ANDALUCÍA
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ RAMOS SEVERIANO , PÉREZ MONGUIÓ JOSÉ MARÍA , MORENO LINDE MANUEL , FERNÁNDEZ SCAGLIUSI MARÍA DE LOS ÁNGELES , NAVARRO GONZÁLEZ ROCÍO , PIZARRO NEVADO RAFAEL , QUESADA LUMBRERAS JAVIER EDUARDO , RODRÍGUEZ PORTUGUÉS MANUEL
Published: April 2024

Se analizan las cuatro nuevas leyes aprobadas por el Parlamento de Andalucía en materia de servicios sociales, voluntariado, personas con discapacidad y personas LGTBI, así como la reforma en profundidad de las leyes de igualdad de género y contra la violencia de género, y la convalidación del Decreto-Ley sobre renta mínima de inserción social. Asimismo, se dedica un capítulo a los conciertos sociales.
Capítulo II. El concierto social en la legislación andaluza de servicios sociales
Authors: Pizarro Nevado Rafael
Published: April 2024

SUMARIO: 1. MODOS DE PROVISIÓN DE SERVICIOS SOCIALES EN ANDALUCÍA 1.1 El Sistema Público de Servicios Sociales de Andalucía 1.2 La gestión indirecta de servicios sociales a la luz de la legislación europea y española sobre contratos del sector público 2. EL CONCIERTO SOCIAL EN LA LEGISLACIÓN ANDALUZA 2.1 La preferencia por el concierto social como modo de gestión indirecta 2.2 Marco jurídico 3. CONFIGURACIÓN LEGAL Y NATURALEZA JURÍDICA 3.1 Del ambiguo tratamiento del concierto social en la Ley de Servicios Sociales de Andalucía 3.2 El concierto social como contrato administrativo especial 3.3 Prioridad condicionada de las entidades de iniciativa social 4. ELEMENTOS SUBJETIVOS 4.1 Las Administraciones contratantes 4.2 Requisitos que deben reunir las entidades que suscriban el concierto social 4.3 Las prohibiciones para contratar 4.4 Solvencia técnica o profesional, compromiso de adscripción de medios y solvencia económica y financiera 5. OBJETO Y CONTENIDO DEL CONCIERTO SOCIAL 5.1 Objeto 5.2 Contenido 6. PREPARACIÓN Y ADJUDICACIÓN DEL CONCIERTO SOCIAL 6.1 Órgano de contratación 6.2 Preparación del concierto social 6.3 Adjudicación del concierto social 7. EJECUCIÓN DEL CONCIERTO SOCIAL 7.1 Efectos del concierto social 7.2 Modificación del concierto social 7.3 Extinción y suspensión del concierto social
Capítulo V. la Ley 9/2018, de 8 de octubre, de modificación de la Ley 12/2007, de 26 de noviembre, para la promoción de la igualdad de género en Andalucía
Authors: Fernández Scagliusi María de los Ángeles
Published: April 2024

SUMARIO: 1. CONSIDERACIONES PREVIAS: ALGUNOS CONCEPTOS FUNDAMENTALES PARA ENTENDER LA IGUALDAD DE GÉNERO 2. EL DERECHO COMO HERRAMIENTA AL SERVICIO DE LA IGUALDAD DE GÉNERO 3. EL MARCO COMPETENCIAL 4. CAMBIOS INTRODUCIDOS POR LA LEY 9/2018 4.1. Políticas públicas para la promoción de la igualdad de género 4.2. Medidas para promover la igualdad de género 4.3. Organización institucional para la igualdad de género 4.4. Garantías para la igualdad de género 4.5. Infracciones y sanciones 5. CONCLUSIONES 6. BIBLIOGRAFÍA