bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die toekoms van die drie Afrikaanse hoofstroomkerke saam
Authors: Tolmay Barry
Published: November 2014

The future of the three mainstream Afrikaans Churches. The union of the three mainstream Afrikaans Churches encompasses inter alia a mutual origin, a mutual socio-historical contextualism, a mutual language experience and mutual Articles of Faith. These bonds form the foundation for greater cooperation and may even lead to future church unification. The Conventus of Reformed Churches is an exciting initiative that has developed over the last two decades. This organisation unites some 15 churches with a reformed background. Do the three Afrikaans mainstream churches take church unification seriously? Historically the Nederduitsche Hervormde Kerk van Afrika (NHKA) in particular was cautious about church unification. The Interdenominational Church Council (TKR) presents a basis for cooperation, but the question arises as to the structure that would be supported by the three churches. Mainly after 1994 the Afrikaner started redefining its own identity. The tendency is that the three churches will decrease in size as the three are all losing members. The three Afrikaans mainstream churches definitely need one another, and in future this interdependency probably will increase. That is why it is important to focus on common ground and not on differences. Bearing the church unification of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands (PCN) in mind, together we can look forward to a bright future in the 21st century.
Structural transformation and democratic public spaces: Reflections on Habermas and the 2014 Tshwane State of the Capital City Address
Authors: Bentley Wessel
Published: November 2014

Judging by the immense global academic interaction with his work, Jürgen Habermas’s social theory, with particular reference to structural transformation of the public sphere and democracy, is one of the most constructive models for understanding the role and function of citizens in forming healthy societies. This article investigates the recent 2014 Tshwane State of the City Address in light of Habermas’s theory. Is Habermas’s theory relevant to the South African urban context? Do African cities like Tshwane subscribe to the Habermasean social formula or does it understand the public sphere in ways that require an amended interpretation of what Habermas conveys? This article provides a theological-ethical perspective on this Habermasean investigation of the 2014 Tshwane ‘State of the Capital City Address’.
Modelle van interreligieuse toleransie in die onderwys van die een-en-twintigste eeu
Authors: Wolhuter Charste C. , Potgieter Ferdinand J. , Van der Walt Johannes L.
Published: November 2014

Vir ’n toenemend multireligieuse samelewing en globaliserende wêreld behoort die opvoedeling, net soos in die verlede, voorberei te word vir saamleef met mense wie se religieuse oortuigings anders is as hulle eie. Die doel van hierdie artikel is om die belangrikste modelle van interreligieuse toleransie in terme van hulle bruikbaarheid in die onderwys te evalueer. Hierdie evaluering geskied aan die hand van die volgende maatstawwe: die struktuur en aard van religie en die plek daarvan in die lewe van die mens; die aard, doelstellings en reikwydte van onderwys; die toenemende diverse samestelling van samelewings; en die kontemporêre samelewingstendense van toenemende individualisering en pluralisering. Die hoofmodelle van interreligieuse verhoudings, naamlik eksklusivisme (sowel die sendingywer- as die laissez faire-variasies), inklusivisme, universalisme en ook die verskillende vorms van pluralisme, insluitende positiewe of dialogiese pluralisme, word aan hierdie maatstawwe gemeet. Op grond van die tekortkomings van hierdie modelle word ’n nuwe model, te wete ’n lewensbeskoulik(e) saamleef, vervolgens ontwikkel en voorgestel.Models of interreligious tolerance for education in the 21st century. For an increasingly multi-religious society and globalised world, the educand should also be prepared for living with people who embrace religious beliefs that may differ from their own. The aim of this article is to evaluate the various models of interreligious tolerance in terms of their usefulness in education. This assessment takes place according to the following parameters: the nature and structure of religion and the place thereof in the lives of people; the increasingly diverse composition of societies; the contemporary societal trends of growing individualisation and pluralisation, and also the nature, aims and extent of education. The major models of interreligious relations are weighed up against these criteria, namely exclusivism (including both the missionary zeal and laissez faire variants), inclusivism, universalism as well as the various forms of pluralism, including positive or dialogical pluralism. On the basis of the defiiencies of these models a new model, namely world and life view co-existence, is then developed and suggested.
Genesis 3:15 in Suid-Afrikaanse konteks
Authors: Krüger Paul P.
Published: November 2014

Genesis 3:15 is ’n crux interpretum met uiteenlopende verklarings. Hierdie artikel fokus op verklarings wat Suid-Afrikaanse Skrifverklaarders van die teks gee en plaas sodanige verklarings binne verskillende rasionaliteitsmodelle. Verklarings van die teks berus dikwels eerder op keuses vir ’n bepaalde verstaansmodel as op die noukeurige lees van die teks. Genesis 3:15 dui op sigself nie op Jesus Christus nie, maar binne ’n bepaalde rasionaliteitsmodel is dit geldig om die teks as moederbelofte (protevangelium) te beskou.Genesis 3:15 in South African context. Genesis 3:15 is a crux interpretum that lends itself to diverse interpretations. The focus of this article is the interpretations of this text offered by South African scholars. The article views these interpretations against the background of various models of rationality. Interpretations of this text are more likely to be determined by the interpreter’s preferred model of understanding, than to be determined by a mere close reading of the text. Genesis 3:15 in itself does not point to Jesus Christ, but within a specifi model of rationality it is valid to regard the text as a foundational promise of salvation (protevangelium).
First report of a mixed infection of Trichinella nelsoni and Trichinella T8 in a leopard (Panthera pardus) from the Greater Kruger National Park, South Africa
Authors: La Grange Louis J. , Reininghaus Björn , Mukaratirwa Samson
Published: November 2014

At least three Trichinella species, namely Trichinella nelsoni, Trichinella britovi and Trichinella zimbabwensis, and one genotype (Trichinella T8), have been isolated from sylvatic carnivores on the African continent. With the exception of T. britovi, the other species are known to circulate in wildlife of the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, and KNP neighbouring game reserves (collectively known as the greater KNP area). Lions (Panthera leo) and spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) appear to be the most important reservoirs of T. nelsoni and Trichinella T8 in the KNP and surrounding areas. Interspecies predation between lions and hyenas has been implicated as a primary mode of maintaining the life cycles of these two Trichinella species. This is the first report of a mixed natural infection of T. nelsoni and Trichinella T8 in a leopard (Panthera pardus) from South Africa. Trichinella muscle larvae were identified to species level by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Probable sources of infection, based on the known dietary preference and prey species’ range of leopards, are also discussed. The described occurrence of Trichinella species in a leopard from the greater KNP area raises the question of possible sources of infection for this predator species.
Musculoskeletal imaging
Authors: Misser Shalendra K. , Zietkiewicz John M.
Published: November 2014

No abstract available.
Progression in size of an arterio-venous malformation
Authors: Shah Abhidha , Patni Neeraj , Ramdasi Raghvendra , Goel Atul
Published: November 2014

We report a case of a young girl who was admitted with history of sudden onset left hemiplegia, when she was 5 years old. Investigations revealed no vascular malformation or abnormality. On conservative treatment, she progressively improved and had residual hemiparesis. She continued to have intermittent episodes of generalized and focal convulsions. For persistent convulsions, she was investigated again with MRI and angiography after 5 years of first presentation. Investigations at this time revealed a large arteriovenous malformation in the left posterior frontal region. The arteriovenous malformation was resected by surgery. Following surgery, the episodes of convulsions reduced. Arteriovenous malformations are generally considered to be congenital lesions and their size and physical architecture generally remains constant. The presented case clearly demonstrated de novo appearance or growth of the size of the arteriovenous malformation. Such a pattern of development and growth of a arteriovenous malformation is rare and only infrequently reported.
Removal of lumber spine foreign body using minimal access system with navigation
Authors: Alzhrani Gmaan , Alturki Abdurahman , Almusrea Kaled
Published: November 2014

Removal of a foreign body from the spine is often time a surgical challenge. Recent developments in computer-assisted surgery (CAS) have brought major improvements into the operating room. Most Medical procedures nowadays take advantage of the minimal invasiveness, precision, velocity and interactivity provided by the computer-assisted systems. Minimally invasive techniques (MIT) like microscopy, stereotaxy, endoscopy and neuronavigation facilitate the procedures improve neurosurgical results and reduce operative complications. In this technical report we used minimal access system with navigation to remove a broken spinal needle at L4-L5 level from an asymptomatic lady post delivery using a custom-made navigation-mounted pituitary rongeur.
Genetic Diversity and Allelic Frequency of Glutamate-Rich Protein (GLURP) in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Duru Kimberley C. , Thomas Bolaji N.
Published: November 2014

Glutamate-rich protein is a Plasmodium falciparum ( Pf) antigen found in all stages of the parasite and has been reported to induce clinical immunity. The R0 and R2 regions have been found to exhibit a high degree of conservation, therefore serving as a good vaccine design material. We assayed the genetic diversity of Pf glurp genes in the R0 and R2 regions, as well as evaluated the role of seasonality on allelic frequency. A total of 402 genomic DNA samples, extracted from filter paper blood samples, were screened by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of Pf glurp R0 and R2 regions, in addition to fragment analysis of the polymorphic regions to identify allelic diversity of the parasite population. We found an extensive heterogeneity in the R2 region in general, and this heterogeneity is seasonally dependent, indicative of region plasticity. The R0 region displayed genetic conservation, as expected. We conclude that positive genotyping results with glurp R0 region should be seen as indicative of an active Pf infection, requiring adequate treatment. In addition, we advocate extending the possibility that an R0 region genotypic positivity could serve as diagnostic tool, thereby reducing cases of untreated or poorly treated infection, contributory to recrudescence or treatment failure.
Interactions of bromine, chlorine, and iodine photochemistry during ozone depletions in Barrow, Alaska
Authors: Thompson C. R. , Shepson P. B. , Liao J. , Huey L. G. , Apel E. C. , Cantrell C. A. , Flocke F. , Orlando J. , Fried A. , Hall S. R. , Hornbrook R. S. , Knapp D. J. , Mauldin III R. L. , Montzka D. D. , Sive B. C. , Ullmann K. , Weibring P. , Weinheimer A.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The springtime depletion of tropospheric ozone in the Arctic is known to be caused by active halogen photochemistry resulting from halogen atom precursors emitted from snow, ice, or aerosol surfaces. The role of bromine in driving ozone depletion events (ODEs) has been generally accepted, but much less is known about the role of chlorine radicals in ozone depletion chemistry. While the potential impact of iodine in the High Arctic is more uncertain, there have been indications of active iodine chemistry through observed enhancements in filterable iodide, probable detection of tropospheric IO, and recently, detection of atmospheric I2. Despite decades of research, significant uncertainty remains regarding the chemical mechanisms associated with the bromine-catalyzed depletion of ozone, as well as the complex interactions that occur in the polar boundary layer due to halogen chemistry. To investigate this, we developed a zero-dimensional photochemical model, constrained with measurements from the 2009 OASIS field campaign in Barrow, Alaska. We simulated a 7 day period during late March that included a full ozone depletion event lasting 3 days and subsequent ozone recovery to study the interactions of halogen radicals under these different conditions. In addition, the effects of iodine added to our base model were investigated. While bromine atoms were primarily responsible for ODEs, chlorine and iodine were found to enhance the depletion rates and iodine was found to be more efficient per atom at depleting ozone than Br. The interaction between chlorine and bromine is complex, as the presence of chlorine can increase the recycling and production of Br atoms, while also increasing reactive bromine sinks under certain conditions. Chlorine chemistry was also found to have significant impacts on both HO2 and RO2. The results of this work highlight the need for future studies on the production mechanisms of Br2 and Cl2, as well as on the potential impact of iodine in the High Arctic.
SEHR-ECHO v1.0: a Spatially Explicit Hydrologic Response model for ecohydrologic applications
Authors: Schaefli B. , Nicótina L. , Imfeld C. , Da Ronco P. , Bertuzzo E. , Rinaldo A.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. This paper presents the Spatially Explicit Hydrologic Response (SEHR) model developed at the Laboratory of Ecohydrology of the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne for the simulation of hydrological processes at the catchment scale. The key concept of the model is the formulation of water transport by geomorphologic travel time distributions through gravity-driven transitions among geomorphic states: the mobilization of water (and possibly dissolved solutes) is simulated at the subcatchment scale and the resulting responses are convolved with the travel paths distribution within the river network to obtain the hydrologic response at the catchment outlet. The model thus breaks down the complexity of the hydrologic response into an explicit geomorphological combination of dominant spatial patterns of precipitation input and of hydrologic process controls. Nonstationarity and nonlinearity effects are tackled through soil moisture dynamics in the active soil layer. We present here the basic model set-up for precipitation–runoff simulation and a detailed discussion of its parameter estimation and of its performance for the Dischma River (Switzerland), a snow-dominated catchment with a small glacier cover.
A comparative assessment of two different debris flow propagation approaches – blind simulations on a real debris flow event
Authors: Stancanelli L. M. , Foti E.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. A detailed comparison between the performances of two different approaches to debris flow modelling has been carried out. In particular, the results of a mono-phase Bingham model (FLO-2D) and these of a two phase model (TRENT-2D) obtained from a blind test have been compared. As a benchmark test the catastrophic event of 1 October 2009 which struck Sicily causing several fatalities and damages has been chosen. The predicted temporal evolution of several parameters of the debris flow (as the flow depths and the propagation velocities) has been analyzed in order to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the two models in reproducing the global dynamics of the event. Analysis between the models results with survey data have been carried out, not only for the determination of statistical indicators of prediction accuracy, but also for the application of the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) approach. Provided that the proper rheological parameters and boundary conditions are assigned, both models seem capable of reproducing the inundation areas in a fairly good way. However, the main differences in the application rely in the choice of such rheological parameters. Indeed, within the more user friendly FLO-2D model the tuning of the parameters must be done empirically, with no evidence of the physics of the phenomena. On the other hand, for the TRENT-2D the parameters are physically based and can be estimated from the properties of the solid material, thus reproducing more reliable results. A second important difference between the two models is that in the first method the debris flow is treated as homogeneous flow, in which the total mass is kept constant from initiation in the upper part of the basin up to the deposition on debris fan. On the contrary, the second approach is suite to reproduce the erosion and deposition processes and the displaced mass can be directly related to the rainfall event. Application of both models in an highly urbanized area evidence the limit of numerical simulation that are inadequate to describe some disturbances of the flows occurred during alluvial event (es. the cars, the volume of debris within buildings etc.) which have crucial influence on the evaluation of the maximum and final flow depths.
On the new desmids parasite - Legenidium podbielkowskii sp.nov.
Authors: Batko Andrzej
Published: November 2014

Below is a description of the new fungus parasitizing on Micrasterias denticulata Bréb. The fungus has been named Lagenidium podbielkowskii sp. nov. and the taxonomic relationships with the most closely allied species, namely - L. closterii de Wildeman are discussed.
Investigations on the pathogenicity of Helminthosporium sorokinianum Sacc. in relation to Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Authors: Łacicowa Barbara , Machowicz Zofia
Published: November 2014

The results obtained in pot and field experiments have shown that Helminthosporium sorokinianum is able to infect bean plants. The cotyledons and roots of shoots during the first three weeks of growth are attacked the most frequently. Dark brown spots occur on the above-mentined organs. The infection of roots and cotyledonsof shoots is responsible for gangrene both before and after germination. Infected plants which remain alive only show symptoms of infection in the root system. The infection of roots by H. sorokinianum in older plants is detromental to growth and causes a decrease in the vield obtained from bean plants.
Mycoflora of several aquatic containers of the Kampinos Forest
Authors: Żebrowska Elżbieta
Published: November 2014

In the years 1969/1970 material of autumn-winter mycoflora of selected containers of the Kampinos Forest was collected. 17 aquatic species were isolated. Three species Gonapodya polymorpha, G. prolifera and Pythiogeton autossytum were observed for the first time In Poland.
Studies on phyllosphere fungi. VII. Foliar application of urea on certain ornamentals
Authors: Kanaujia R. S.
Published: November 2014

Leaf-surface mycoflora of three ornamentals - Impatiens balsamina L., Rheoes discolor L. and Lochnera rosea (L.) Reichb., in relation to foliar application of aqueous solution of 5,0% urea has been studied. In the former two plants the application of urea enhanced the my00flora whereas in the latter an adverse effect was observed for phyllosphere region. In phyUoplane region of L. rosea, however, a promotive effect was exhibited in sprayed plants. The urea in this concentration also proved slightly toxic to L. rosea.
Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Promote Allograft Tolerance Induction
Authors: Davis Thomas A. , Anam Khairul , Lazdun Yelena , Gimble Jeffrey M. , Elster Eric A.
Published: November 2014

Amputations and unsalvageable injuries with devastating tissue loss are common in the combat wounded. Reconstructive transplantation in the civilian setting using vascular composite allotransplants (VCAs) with multiple tissues (skin, muscle, nerve, bone) combined with long-term multidrug immunosuppression has been encouraging. However, skin rejection remains a critical complication. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are easily obtained from normal individuals in high numbers, precluding ex vivo expansion. The reparative function and paracrine immunomodulatory capacity of ASCs has gained considerable attention. The present study investigated whether ASCs facilitate long-term skin allograft survival. ASCs were isolated from fresh human subcutaneous adipose lipoaspirate. Full-thickness skin grafts from BALB/c mice were transplanted onto the dorsal flanks of C57BL/6 mice treated with five doses of anti-CD4/CD8 monoclonal antibodies (10 mg/kg) on days 0, +2, +5, +7, and +14 relative to skin grafting. A single nonmyeloablative low dose of busulfan (5 mg/kg) was given on day +5. Seven days after skin transplantation, ASCs (3 × 106) were infused i.v. with or without donor bone marrow cells (BMCs; 5 × 105). ASC+BMC coinfusion with minimal conditioning led to stable lymphoid and myeloid macrochimerism, deletion of alloreactive T cells, expansion of regulatory T cells, and long-term allograft survival (>200 days). ASCs constitutively produced high levels of anti-inflammatory/immunoregulatory factors such as prostaglandin E2, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, APO-1/Fas (CD95), and programmed cell death-1 ligand-2. These findings serve as a foundation for developing a translational advanced VCA protocol, embodying both ASCs and low-dose donor BMCs, in nonhuman primates, with the goal of enhancing functional outcomes and eliminating the complications associated with long-term immunosuppression.
Mémoire des arts et scène contemporaine
Authors: Lesage Marie-Christine
Published: November 2014

Cet article aborde l’inscription matérielle de la mémoire des arts traditionnels et modernes au sein de créations contemporaines. Certaines d’entre elles nouent en effet un rapport fertile avec des oeuvres fondatrices de l’histoire de l’art. Ce dialogue prend la forme d’une reprise de l’original, lequel va être déplacé ou replacé au sein de nouveaux agencements de matière, constitués par les dispositifs visuels et/ou scéniques qui nous sont contemporains. Cette reprise est différente du recyclage postmoderne, car elle est dialogique au sens fort du terme. L’analyse se développe autour de trois études de cas : celle de l’oeuvre-installation intitulée Uraniborg de l’artiste français Laurent Grasso (Musée d’art contemporain de Montréal, 2013), qui offre un excellent exemple de coexistence des arts et des temporalités; ensuite, une ouverture est faite sur l’installation scénoacoustique Stifters Dinge de Heiner Goebbels (Avignon, 2008); enfin, le dernier cas étudié est Gob Squad’s Kitchen du groupe Gob Squad (Usine C, 2013), qui s’appuie sur le film Kitchen de Warhol pour proposer une expérience théâtrale revisitant autrement l’avant-garde américaine moderne.
« On sait ce qu’on mange » : jardin familial et mode d’alimentation populaire
Authors: Delay Christophe , Frauenfelder Arnaud , Scalambrin Laure
Published: November 2014

Fondé sur une enquête de terrain réalisée auprès de catégories populaires d’origine rurale récemment urbanisées, cet article éclaire les principales facettes d’un mode singulier et méconnu d’alimentation populaire : le jardin familial. Afin d’être au plus proche du sens de l’expérience vécue par les enquêtés (« on sait ce que l’on mange »), il interroge les diverses opérations sociales investies dans la chaîne de production de cette forme de consommation alimentaire (des pratiques héritées/réactualisées de jardinage à la consommation des produits cultivés) et les significations qui lui sont conférées compte tenu des configurations de contraintes et de ressources des jardiniers (réponse à un budget serré, plaisir de pouvoir manger ses « propres » légumes, aliments qui « tiennent au corps » et morale de la bonne vie). Il questionne aussi les groupes sociaux auxquels ces derniers tentent au fond, de manière plus pratique qu’ostentatoire, de se distinguer.
Le plaisir affranchi de la nécessité ?
Authors: Naulin Sidonie
Published: November 2014

La presse gastronomique spécialisée s’adresse aux amateurs de cuisine et de gastronomie à la fois pour les informer, pour les guider et pour les divertir. Si le plaisir de cuisiner et le plaisir de manger sont à la racine de son existence, elle conjugue depuis toujours ces plaisirs à différentes « nécessités » pratiques qu’elle intègre dans son contenu (contrainte d’accessibilité des denrées, contrainte de temps, contrainte économique, contrainte d’information des consommateurs, etc.). Loin d’être opposées, ces dimensions de plaisir et de nécessité sont au contraire toujours combinées. Leur nature ainsi que la place qui leur est respectivement dévolue varient en revanche au cours du temps selon l’environnement socioculturel et le contexte gastronomique, mais aussi en fonction du type de professionnalité des journalistes et de la figure dominante de l’amateur.
« Le goût de manger » pendant une chimiothérapie
Authors: Lorcy Armelle
Published: November 2014

Comment des personnes avec un cancer et soignées par chimiothérapie choisissent-elles de satisfaire leur faim ? Étant donné les difficultés alimentaires rencontrées par de nombreux patients, comment leurs proches et les centres de soins en oncologie les prennent-ils en charge ? Quel est l’impact de cette gestion sur les choix alimentaires des soignés ? Pour répondre à ce questionnement, l’article proposé présente les résultats préliminaires d’une recherche anthropologique menée au Québec en 2012 et 2013 auprès de 21 femmes traitées pour un cancer gynécologique (de l’ovaire, du péritoine ou de l’endomètre) et de 10 proches sur l’expérience quotidienne d’une chimiothérapie. Il a pour objectif de prendre en compte la dimension biologique et corporelle, mais aussi le contexte social et culturel des troubles alimentaires pendant le traitement d’un cancer pour mieux en saisir l’ampleur. D’une part, sont identifiés les ressentis induits par la chimiothérapie (perte d’appétit, troubles sensoriels, fringales notamment), et leur influence sur la sensation de faim et la consommation alimentaire. D’autre part, sont analysés l’influence du personnel médical (infirmier[ère]s, nutritionnistes, pharmacien[ne]s) et le rôle de l’entourage dans les choix alimentaires des patientes et leur vécu affectif. Ils donnent à comprendre les points d’achoppement parfois problématiques dans l’observance diététique. En outre, ils permettent de saisir ce qui se joue entre les patientes et leurs proches autour de la décision alimentaire, variant selon les situations entre le choix délégué, la concertation, les cadeaux et le choix contrôlé. En définitive, entre nécessité, plaisir voire gourmandise, l’intérêt est de montrer ce que manger veut dire pendant une chimiothérapie anticancéreuse.
La socialisation économique en Suisse
Authors: Henchoz Caroline , Poglia Mileti Francesca , Plomb Fabrice
Published: November 2014

La socialisation économique est un sujet peu étudié par la sociologie économique, celle de la jeunesse et de la socialisation. Nous l’abordons ici à partir d’un point de vue original, celui des « socialisés » eux-mêmes, ce qui permet de mettre en évidence la part active qu’ils prennent à ce processus. L’analyse de plus de 40 entretiens portant sur l’enfance et l’adolescence d’hommes et de femmes de Suisse francophone aujourd’hui âgés entre 25 et 40 ans met en lumière trois composantes essentielles de l’apprentissage du rapport à l’argent : l’éducation parentale, l’observation et l’expérimentation. Nous montrons que les jeunes apprennent très tôt à devenir des consommateurs et des gestionnaires prudents mais aussi des producteurs de revenus. L’accent porté sur des valeurs comme l’épargne et le travail contribue peut-être à expliquer pourquoi la Suisse est un pays dont le taux d’endettement des ménages est parmi les plus faibles d’Europe.
Les habitants, le paysage et l’agriculture des villages allemands de la Louisiane française en 1724
Authors: Côté Ariane
Published: November 2014

Cette étude de cas trace un portrait des villages allemands de la Louisiane française en 1724 en se basant sur un recensement. Des informations quantitatives révèlent des détails sur la largeur des terres, la démographie, l’élevage et les récoltes de maïs et de riz. Des éléments qualitatifs nous renseignent sur l'identité des habitants, leurs conditions de vie, leur environnement et leurs pratiques agricoles et alimentaires. L’auteur du document aborde également la question de l'approvisionnement alimentaire de la Nouvelle-Orléans et propose un plan pour gérer la distribution des esclaves. Quelques caractéristiques des villages allemands serviront de base à une comparaison avec la Nouvelle-France.
Evaluation of teaching in worker’s health by nursing students
Authors: Borges Anelise Miritz , Da Silva Daiane Farias , De Almeida Marlise Capa Verde , Rocha Laurelize Pereira , Bonow Clarice Alves , Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina
Published: November 2014

OBJETIVO: Identificar como os acadêmicos de enfermagem avaliam o processo de ensino-aprendizagem utilizado na disciplina de Assistência de Enfermagem em Saúde do Trabalhador e a importância da disciplina à formação acadêmica. MÉTODO: Pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva desenvolvida com acadêmicos da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande que cursaram a referida disciplina. Foi utilizado instrumento autoaplicável com questões fechadas organizadas em Escala de Likert, abordando três categorias: objetivos da disciplina, metodologia de ensino e desempenho do professor no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os dados foram quantificados através de análise estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Os 78 acadêmicos abordados apontaram a importância da disciplina à atuação profissional e a relação teórico-prática para um aprendizado com qualidade; há necessidade das suas participações na construção da metodologia de ensino. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação acadêmica, importante instrumento de ensino, permite identificar ações que possam aprimorar a formação e atuação profissional do enfermeiro, inserindo o acadêmico como co-responsável.
Socio-cultural profile of women who have experienced sexual violence in a hospital unit of reference
Authors: Santos Thaise Portella da Silva , Antunes Tatyane Costa Simões , Penna Lúcia Helena Garcia
Published: November 2014

Objetivos: Caracterizar e analisar o perfil sociocultural das mulheres que vivenciaram violência sexual que foram atendidas numa unidade de referência vinculada à Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e Defesa Civil do Rio de Janeiro. Método: descritivo, exploratório na abordagem quantitativa.  Os dados foram coletados entre novembro de 2011 a março de 2012, totalizando 157 prontuários. Resultados: a maioria das mulheres violentadas é jovem, de cor branca, solteira, escolaridade nível médio e possui alguma forma de renda financeira. Conclusão: Os dados corroboram o fato de a violência sexual incidir em todos os níveis de escolaridade e em todas as classes sociais. Conhecer a realidade dessas mulheres é fundamental para uma assistência integral e humanizada. As propostas de cuidar devem ser formuladas tanto a partir das características socioculturais das mulheres, como de uma construção conjunta entre profissionais e clientela.
Evaluation of nursing process at a university hospital in Campina Grande
Authors: Costa Moreira Vieira Gerlane Ângela , Lopes da Costa Marta Miriam , Da Silva Santos Maria Angélica , Lisbôa de Menezes Thalita
Published: November 2014

OBJETIVOS: identificar aplicação do processo de enfermagem e analisar os registros de cada etapa. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir dos relatórios e das fichas de registro do processo presentes nos prontuários da ala B e que se encontravam no SAME de um Hospital Universitário em Campina Grande. Após coleta, os dados foram analisados pelo método descritivo e calculados as frequências absolutas e relativas. RESULTADOS: Dos 115 (100%) prontuários levantados, os registros apresentaram todas as etapas do processo, exceto a dos resultados esperados. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram padrão respiratório ineficaz e intolerância à atividade e às intervenções, aferir sinais vitais e a saturação de oxigênio. Em 68 (59,1%) registraram as ações implementadas, 114 (99,1%) não apresentaram respostas do paciente e 71 (61,7%) fizeram modificações dos planos de cuidados. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que se faz necessário o aprimoramento do registro do processo de enfermagem. DESCRITORES: Anotações; Assistência de Enfermagem; Processo de Cuidar
Factors that contribute to prolonged length of stay in the hospital environment
Authors: Silva Ana Maria Nunes , Souza Evany France Dias , Andrade-Barbosa Thiago Luis , Silva Carla Silvana Oliveira , Gomes Ludmila Mourão Xavier
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores que contribuem para o aumento do tempo de internação no ambiente hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo realizado com os pacientes internados nas clínicas cirúrgicas masculina e feminina de um hospital filantrópico de Montes Claros (MG), durante todo o mês de novembro de 2011. Participaram do estudo os pacientes que extrapolaram a permanência hospitalar além do número de dias autorizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados foram provenientes dos prontuários dos pacientes internados. Resultados: Os motivos de permanência extrapolada foram variados. Os mais frequentes foram atrasos ou cancelamentos de procedimentos cirúrgicos, desestabilização clínica, espera de estabilização do quadro clinico e pacientes em antibioticoterapia. Conclusão: Os fatores apontados contribuem para incrementar a média permanência, aumentando o custo hospitalar e diminuindo a rotatividade dos leitos, apontando a necessidade de medidas complexas para controle desses fatores.
Osteoporosis in the Aged Woman: a tracking in the nursing’s office
Authors: Lindolpho Mirian da Costa , Cruz Thiara Joanna Peçanha da , Oliveira Beatriz Renault Baptista , Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Valente Geílsa Soraia Cavalcanti , Chrizostimo Miriam Marinho
Published: November 2014

OBJETIVO: Relatar características levantadas nos históricos de enfermagem de idosas que apontam para osteoporose e risco para a mesma de um Programa de Extensão de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal Fluminense. RESULTADOS: Identificamos que 48 (12,4%) históricos de enfermagem de idosas possuíam registros de problemas relacionados à osteoporose, o que estimulou a construção de um projeto de extensão para prevenção de osteoporose e promoção da saúde buscando minimizar o problema. Utilizamos como estratégia, realizar consultas, distribuir folder informativo e estimular a manutenção de hábitos saudáveis. CONCLUSÃO: Este problema extrapola a individualidade para alcançar o espaço público. Uma ação isolada alcança apenas a população a que se destina, mas quando outras instituições se lançam neste cuidado contribuirão com seus clientes, o que se refletirá no bem-estar de toda sua comunidade.
Nursing actions in primary care and quality of life of the elderly: integrative review
Authors: Linhares Camilla Dias , Tocantins Florence Romijn , Lemos Adriana
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Identificar em produção científica, as ações de enfermagem na Atenção Básica voltadas para a saúde da população idosa brasileira e analisar o modo como essas ações contribuem para a qualidade de vida da população idosa no Brasil.Método: Revisão Integrativa, utilizado as bases BDENF e LILACS. Os conteúdos  foram organizados, categorizados e interpretados a luz de políticas públicas. Resultados: Evidenciaram-se ações relacionadas a identificação de necessidades, capacitação e diminuição de limitações e dificuldades, contribuindo positivamente para a promoção da saúde e qualidade de vida da população idosa brasileira. Conclusão: As ações de enfermagem na Atenção Básica voltadas para a saúde da população idosa brasileira em produção científica contribuem para a qualidade de vida. Devem adequar-se a as condições biopsicossociais, serem praticáveis e aceitáveis pelo idoso, familiar e cuidador. Destaca-se a importância da capacitação e educação permanente dos profissionais de enfermagem da Atenção Primária.
Nursing actions for a safe medications administration: an integrative review
Authors: Camerini Flavia Giron , Silva Lolita Dopico da , Mira Antonia Juliana Muniz
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: apresentar as ações de enfermagem publicadas sobre a prevenção de erros na administração de medicamentos em UTI. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica incluindo artigos sobre ações de enfermagem na prevenção de erros na administração de medicamentos, publicados no período de 2005 a 2011 indexados nas bases: LILACS, BDENF e SCIELO. Resultados: foram selecionados e analisados 13 artigos que atendiam aos critérios de seleção. Evidenciou-se que, as ações para a prevenção de erros na administração de medicamentos compreendem inúmeras ações, que foram descritas a partir de cada tipo de erros. Conclusão: a enfermagem deve conhecer os tipos de erros e adotar ações especificas para a prevenção de erros na administração de medicamentos.
Complications in therapeutic hypothermia: diagnosis and interventions
Authors: Waldrigues Maria Caroline , Wagner Bruna Vanessa , Das Mercês Nen Nalu Alves , Perly Tatiana , De Almeida Elaine Aparecida , Caveião Cristiano
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem, segundo a NANDA, mediante as complicações potenciais dos pacientes submetidos à Hipotermia Terapêutica Pós-parada Cardiorrespiratória e propor as intervenções de enfermagem, conforme a Classificação de Intervenções de Enfermagem (NIC). Método: trata-se de uma revisão bibliométrica de literatura a partir de janeiro de 2003 até maio 2013, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e SCIELO. Resultados: foram selecionados 5 artigos, os quais possibilitou identificar 8 diagnósticos de Enfermagem, bem como, as intervenções de Enfermagem correspondentes. Conclusão: apesar da alta eficácia da Hipotermia Terapêutica em reduzir a extensão do dano neurológico Pós-parada Cardiorrespiratória, sua utilização não é tão ampla na prática clínica. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa tem intuito de fornecer uma base inicial de reflexão para a prática do profissional enfermeiro que assiste este paciente.
Attention of nursing to the health of the elderly: an integrative review
Authors: Eloia Sara Cordeiro , Oliveira Eliany Nazaré , Cordeiro Eloia Suzana Mara , Lopes Roberlandia Evangelista
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica na área da atenção à saúde do idoso pela enfermagem. Métodos: Revisão integrativa baseada no levantamento bibliográfico de periódicos no SCIELO nos anos de 2004 a 2009, utilizando os descritores: idoso, saúde do idoso e enfermagem. Resultados: Foram selecionados 21 artigos que discutiam: o cuidado da enfermagem na saúde dos idosos, o interesse na pessoa que cuida e a importância de grupos a fim de promover saúde. Conclusão: Percebeu-se a necessidade de mais pesquisadores para este contexto devido os poucos estudos encontrados e maior participação de enfermeiros assistenciais nestas produções. Descritores: Saúde do idoso, cuidados de enfermagem, pesquisa em enfermagem.
The applicability of the theory of cultural care from nurses in periodics about health of brazil (1992 - 2011)
Authors: Camargo Fátima Cristina Mattara , Lima Raquel Faria da Silva , Santos Alessandra Mello dos , Silva Leila Rangel da , Santos Inês Maria Meneses dos
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Descrever e analisar a aplicabilidade da Teoria do Cuidado Cultural, nas pesquisas divulgadas nas revistas de Enfermagem brasileira, no período de 1992-2011. Método: Pesquisa bibliográfica, capturados 59 artigos, destacando procedência, ano de publicação, sujeito e área de conhecimento da Enfermagem. Resultado: Evidenciou-se a existência de artigos escritos em todas as áreas de Enfermagem, o que demonstra a abrangência de aceitação da Teoria. Entretanto, a tendência brasileira para aplicabilidade na área “Materno infantil” com 42,3% dos artigos que abordaram os valores culturais que interferem no processo de parir. Conclusão: A Teoria do Cuidado Cultural é uma proposta de oferecer um cuidado universal, e conhecer as diversidades de cada indivíduo, seu mundo e valores que interferem em suas reações. No Brasil são poucos os artigos com aplicabilidade da Teoria, entretanto a Enfermagem vem utilizando a mesma nas diversas áreas da sua atuação.
Models agree on forced response pattern of precipitation and temperature extremes
Authors: Fischer E. M. , Sedláček J. , Hawkins E. , Knutti R.
Published: November 2014

Model projections of heavy precipitation and temperature extremes include large uncertainties. We demonstrate that the disagreement between individual simulations primarily arises from internal variability, whereas models agree remarkably well on the forced signal, the change in the absence of internal variability. Agreement is high on the spatial pattern of the forced heavy precipitation response showing an intensification over most land regions, in particular Eurasia and North America. The forced response of heavy precipitation is even more robust than that of annual mean precipitation. Likewise, models agree on the forced response pattern of hot extremes showing the greatest intensification over midlatitudinal land regions. Thus, confidence in the forced changes of temperature and precipitation extremes in response to a certain warming is high. Although in reality internal variability will be superimposed on that pattern, it is the forced response that determines the changes in temperature and precipitation extremes in a risk perspective.
Statistical investigation of Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves at the magnetopause of Mercury
Authors: Liljeblad E. , Sundberg T. , Karlsson T. , Kullen A.
Published: November 2014

A large study of Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) waves at the magnetopause of Mercury covering 907 days of data from the MErcury Surface Space ENvironment GEochemistry Ranging spacecraft have resulted in 146 encounters of not only nonlinear KH waves but also linear surface waves, including the first observations of KH waves at the dawnside magnetopause. Most of the waves are in the nonlinear phase (90%) occur at the duskside magnetopause (93%), under northward magnetosheath magnetic field conditions (89%) and during greater magnetosheath Bz (23 nT) values than in general. The average period and amplitude is 30 ± 14 s and 14 ± 10 nT, respectively. Unlike duskside events, dawnside waves do not appear at the magnetopause flank (<6 magnetic local time). This is in agreement with previous observations and modeling results and possibly explained by finite Larmor radius effects and/or a lack of a large‐scale laminar flow at the dawnside magnetopause boundary.
Hemispheric distributions and interannual variability of NOy produced by energetic particle precipitation in 2002–2012
Authors: Funke B. , López‐Puertas M. , Holt L. , Randall C. E. , Stiller G. P. , von Clarmann T.
Published: November 2014

We investigate the interannual variability and hemispheric differences of reactive odd nitrogen produced by energetic particle precipitation (EPP‐NOy) and transported into the stratosphere and lower mesosphere during polar winters in 2002–2012. For this purpose, EPP‐NOy amounts derived from observations of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding by means of a tracer correlation method have been used. Southern hemispheric (SH) seasonal maximum EPP‐NOy amounts transported below the 0.02 hPa level range from 0.5GM to 2.5GM in the 2009 and 2003 winters, respectively. Northern hemispheric (NH) amounts were typically 2–5 times smaller, with the exception of the 2003/2004 winter. This interhemispheric asymmetry is primarily caused by a reduction of the mesospheric descent rates in NH midwinter, as opposed to the SH. Hemispherically integrated NOy fluxes through given pressure levels reach up to 0.07GM/day at 0.1 hPa. A multilinear regression of the EPP‐NOy evolution to the Ap index of the preceding months indicates that a large fraction of the SH interannual variability of EPP‐NOy (excluding direct contributions by solar protons) can be linked to geomagnetic activity variations. This relationship holds throughout the winter and at all vertical levels where EPP‐NOy is present. In the NH, a similar correlation is found until midwinter, however, breaking down afterward above 2 hPa in years with elevated stratopause occurrence. As an exception, EPP‐NOy amounts in the Arctic winter 2004/2005 were much higher than in other NH winters with similar geomagnetic activity. We attribute this behavior to the unusually stable polar vortex in that winter, otherwise typical for the SH.
Reconstructing source terms from atmospheric concentration measurements: Optimality analysis of an inversion technique
Authors: Turbelin Grégory , Singh Sarvesh Kumar , Issartel Jean‐Pierre
Published: November 2014

In the event of an accidental or intentional contaminant release in the atmosphere, it is imperative, for managing emergency response, to diagnose the release parameters of the source from measured data. Reconstruction of the source information exploiting measured data is called an inverse problem. To solve such a problem, several techniques are currently being developed. The first part of this paper provides a detailed description of one of them, known as the renormalization method. This technique, proposed by Issartel (2005), has been derived using an approach different from that of standard inversion methods and gives a linear solution to the continuous Source Term Estimation (STE) problem. In the second part of this paper, the discrete counterpart of this method is presented. By using matrix notation, common in data assimilation and suitable for numerical computing, it is shown that the discrete renormalized solution belongs to a family of well‐known inverse solutions (minimum weighted norm solutions), which can be computed by using the concept of generalized inverse operator. It is shown that, when the weight matrix satisfies the renormalization condition, this operator satisfies the criteria used in geophysics to define good inverses. Notably, by means of the Model Resolution Matrix (MRM) formalism, we demonstrate that the renormalized solution fulfils optimal properties for the localization of single point sources. Throughout the article, the main concepts are illustrated with data from a wind tunnel experiment conducted at the Environmental Flow Research Centre at the University of Surrey, UK.