bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Dorsal Root Ganglia Cryoextract on Histological Steatures in Dices and Contractility of Uterus in Differently Aged Rats
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Nesteruk Hanna , Ustichenko Viktoriya ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Alabedalkarim Nataliya ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Padalko Volodymyr ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Protsenko Olena ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Legach Ievgen ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv
Published: October 2021

To date, the number of women giving birth to their first child in late reproductive age is increasing around the world. This stipulates a need in designing the new approaches to restore the uterine contractile activity. In this paper, the histological features of uterus and its contractile activity have been experimentally studied in differently aged rats after the dorsal root ganglia cryoextract (DRGCE) administration. The cryoextract was derived from dorsal root ganglia of neonatal piglets by three-fold freezing down to –196°C in saline, followed by thawing at room temperature, homogenization and centrifugation. Here, we used the female rats of reproductive age (RA, 6-month-old) and those of late reproductive age (LRA, 14-month-old). Animals of both age groups received intraperitoneally either DRGCE (experimental groups) or saline (control groups) for 9 days by 0.2 ml. To days 28–29 after administration beginning the animals were sacrificed and the uterine fragments were taken for histological examination and study of oxytocin (OT)-induced uterine contractile activity (UCA). The strength of OT-induced uterine isometric contraction was found to decrease by 28.6% in LRA rats vs. the RA ones. The DRGCE administration to LRA rats increased the UCA indices, namely the contractile frequency, contractile amplitude and strength of isometric contraction augmented by 25, 9.8 and 30% respectively, as compared with the group of the same age without DRGCE introduction. This effect was observed on the background normal uterine histological structure and unchanged myometrial thickness.
Alfabetização científica e/ou letramento científico: reflexões sobre o Ensino de Ciências
Authors: Sousa Francisco Jucivanio Felix de , Cavalcante Lígia Vieira da Silva , Del Pino José Claudio
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of a qualitative research, from exploratory nature, by means of bibliographic procedure whose point is to promote the understanding of Scientific Literacy, translated to portuguese as "Alfabetização Científica" (AC), and Scientific Literacy, translated to portuguese as "Letramento Científico (LC) and their role and importance in science teaching in basic education. The concepts of AC and LC are presented, followed by a historical review of the science teaching in the process of formal leaning, highlighting the several adaptations this teaching has suffered until its newest structuring, according to the documents that standardize Brazilian education. Some incursions are carried out to reflect on the need of integral formation of learners, with criticality and ethics, through activities that relate different areas and spheres of life in society. It is concluded that, in order to reach such an education, it is necessary a teaching which is beyond the assimilation of concepts and formulas in the scope of science education, seeking the understanding of concepts and applications in everyday life, in order to a social transformation as of science and technology.
Estudo sobre a infraestrutura verde e o desenvolvimento urbano sustentável
Authors: Bedin Érika Pena , Faria Luiz Carlos de
Published: October 2021

Nos últimos anos, a rápida urbanização e a construção de alta densidade levaram a mudanças significativas na hidrologia e no ecossistema nas cidades. Como uma abordagem oposta, a infraestrutura verde foi sugerida como uma estratégia alternativa para mitigar os impactos de longo prazo da urbanização e das mudanças climáticas. Este estudo teve como objetivo explorar como o tema foi abordado na literatura científica ao longo dos anos. Para tanto, foi realizada a combinação da revisão sistemática de literatura e análise bibliométrica para levantamento dos artigos; e Análise de Cluster e Análise por Componentes Principais (ACP) para tratamento e validação dos resultados. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que o tema teve início em 2006 com sua primeira publicação e se encontra em um período emergente desde o ano 2014. Foram identificados 174 artigos que representam 15 anos de pesquisa. As conclusões indicam que apesar de estudos sobre o tema ter aumentado significativamente, a pesquisa evidenciou a ausência de artigos de referência envolvendo ações que integrem os temas de forma prática e generalizáveis. Ainda assim, esta pesquisa apresenta uma leitura ampla da literatura e encontra tendências consistentemente relatadas por métodos estatísticos.
Contribuições dos estudos sobre a qualidade ambiental urbana na implementação dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Bezerra Letícia Gabriele da Silva , Silva Márcia Regina Farias da , Grigio Alfredo Marcelo , Pessoa Zoraide Souza
Published: October 2021

A Agenda 2030 é um plano de ação global, firmado por 193 países durante a realização da Assembleia Geral da Organizações das Nações Unidas – ONU no ano de 2015. A Agenda conta com 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável – ODS que devem ser efetivados pelos países até o ano de 2030, entre eles, está o ODS 11 – Cidades e comunidades sustentáveis, que foi destacado para realizar uma abordagem mais específica neste estudo, tendo em vista que mais da metade da população mundial já habita os centros urbanos, com previsões para que a mesma praticamente duplique até o final do ano de 2050, tornando a urbanização uma das tendências mais transformadoras deste século. Neste contexto, os estudos sobre a qualidade ambiental podem sinalizar as condições ambientais e urbanas nas cidades, podendo ser articuladas ao ODS 11 em busca do desenvolvimento sustentável nas cidades. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar e discutir as principais contribuições que os estudos sobre a qualidade ambiental urbana podem oferecer na implementação do ODS 11 – Cidades e comunidades sustentáveis, a partir das pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. Como considerações finais, pode-se inferir que os resultados sobre as condições da qualidade ambiental urbana ao orientarem o planejamento e gestão ambiental urbana, já favorecem  o desenvolvimento sustentável as cidades, podendo ainda serem articulados objetivamente ao ODS 11, desde a articulação com suas metas e também com suas recomendações para alcançá-lo, propiciando contribuições a sua implementação e também ao seu acompanhamento.
Infraestruturas baseadas na natureza para as águas urbanas
Authors: Oliveira Aline , Bezerra Maria do Carmo , Perna Isabela
Published: October 2021

O sistema de drenagem tradicional desconsidera o ciclo hidrológico e visa escoar rápido e drenar para longe as águas pluviais configurando um metabolismo linear para as cidades. Brasília é um exemplo da implantação desse paradigma de infraestrutura e apesar de possuir uma enorme quantidade de áreas verdes essas possuem função diminuta na função de infiltração. Alagamentos na cidade são recorrentes, apesar de 60% da cidade ser de áreas livres, isso porque muitas dessas áreas constituem espaços residuais que não cumprem nem sua função ecossistêmica e nem sua função social, como é o caso da entrequadra da 110/111 da Asa norte do Plano Piloto, objeto de projeto desse estudo. Isso se dá pelo alto grau de compactação do solo (devido a substituição da cobertura vegetal por gramíneas) e pela falta de tratamento da paisagem e de equipamentos urbanos de uso coletivo. Essa pesquisa fundamentada em infraestruturas baseadas na natureza propõe um projeto de intervenção, na área da entrequadra citada, para a implementação de bacias de detenção, dispositivo de Low Impact Development (LID) em que foram utilizadas simulações hidrológicas para o tratamento da paisagem com técnicas de infraestrutura verde. Esse projeto busca demonstrar que é possível e necessário repensar a lógica urbana, e conclui que as técnicas de infraestrutura verde, quando associadas à arquitetura da paisagem geram espaços multifuncionais, de qualidade, que promovem vivencia urbana e comunitária, sustentabilidade e gestão adequada das águas urbanas.
Avaliação pós-ocupacional sob a ótica dos usuários
Authors: Losnak Paula Lopes Terra , Strabelli Giovana Innocenti
Published: October 2021

A cidade de São Paulo possui um grave déficit habitacional que afeta desde as periferias até o centro da cidade, e a única forma das famílias de baixa renda terem acesso às áreas centrais se dá por meio da ocupação dos inúmeros edifícios que não cumprem sua função social. O presente trabalho realiza a Avaliação Pós-ocupacional (APO) no que tange à funcionalidade e ao conforto ambiental do Edifício Dandara, após passar por um processo de retrofit, uma solução para a problemática habitacional no centro de São Paulo. De caráter puro, a pesquisa exploratória se pautou em levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais, além da pesquisa de campo, por meio das ferramentas de APO como walkthrough, aplicação de questionários e entrevista com o responsável pelo projeto de retrofit para a compreensão da temática e diagnóstico do edifício. Por estar relacionado ao programa Minha Casa Minha Vida – Entidades, o projeto visava produzir o maior número de unidades possíveis no edifício existente, chegando a 120 unidades, voltadas às famílias menores. A partir de análises, concluiu-se que a maioria dos moradores está satisfeita com seus apartamentos. Contudo, questões como o conforto lumínico e térmico e a funcionalidade ficaram comprometidas nos casos em que a composição familiar se ampliou. Conclui-se então, que o retrofit aponta para uma alternativa viável e eficaz para ajudar na problemática habitacional e segregação urbana das cidades, desde que pensada nas transformações familiares.
Inhabiting downtown
Authors: Silva Luiz Gustavo Souza da , Strabeli Giovana Innocenti
Published: October 2021

tiveram a necessidade de buscar locais além dessa região. A ascendência das zonas comerciais e o esvaziamento residencial acarretaram no surgimento de espaços subutilizados e sem uso, também de estimada violência urbana nos períodos noturnos. Com esta problemática atual, a implantação de edifícios de habitações multifamiliar visa reocupar tais espaços, aproximando novamente a população dos espaços comerciais e de serviço, destinando novo uso e ocupação para as áreas de vazios urbanos, consequentemente, movimentando-a. Foram realizadas pesquisadas bibliográficas por meio de trabalhos acadêmicos, artigos e livros sobre os assuntos pertinentes ao trabalho, a respeito da morfologia urbana e seus elementos, dando destaques aos itens relevantes ao projeto, os vazios urbanos e os miolos de quadra, juntamente ao estudo a respeito das habitações contemporâneas e suas tendências, como o open building e a habitação como instrumento de requalificação de áreas vazias e degradadas. Ainda no sentido de construir o programa arquitetônico, realizaram-se estudos de caso de obras correlatas à temática. A análise da área de intervenção e de seu entorno se fez fundamental para a compreensão das dinâmicas ocorridas no centro de Bauru – SP ao longo da sua história, e como o tecido urbano descontínuo e monótono pode agravar cenários da violência e degradação urbanas. Com isso, a proposta projetual apresenta soluções arquitetônicas de melhor aproveitamento dos espaços vazios gerados nas áreas centrais urbanas, retomando a residência e usuários para o centro.
Projeto permacultural da área de lazer do Parque Alexandrina em Presidente Prudente/SP
Authors: Agostinho Annelise Picolo , Zanchetta Gabriela , Okimoto Fernando Sérgio
Published: October 2021

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The Sharing Economy and Social Capital: The Fictional Expectations of Sociality in a Time Bank
Authors: Шмидт Майя Андреевна
Published: October 2021

This article looks at time banking ­– a system of exchange in which people trade services with one another using time instead of money as currency. Time banking is framed from a social work perspective as a social innovation that contributes to poverty alleviation and increasing inclusion. However, most such organizations fail to institutionalize as care providers and fail within the first three years. In this paper, I discuss a rare success story—a time bank in Nizhny Novgorod, the fourth largest city in Russia—which has been functioning for over 15 years and positioned itself as a non-charitable organization. I engage with sharing economy studies—a growing but ambiguous field—to explain the success of the time bank in Nizhny Novgorod. Research in the sharing economy has mostly concentrated on two extreme cases: business-to-customer operations or grassroots communities practicing radical alternatives to market exchange. The case studies have been united by an assumption that sharing economy organizations would generate social capital. However, there has been limited evidence to support this claim. In this article, I aim to test this hypothesis and explore whether the informal networks, norms of reciprocity and trust that are fostered among members of the Nizhny Novgorod time bank are the factors that explain the sustainability of this association. The study is informed by 22 in-depth interviews with the gatekeepers and members of this community. In the interviews, I paid attention to the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants and the structure of their social capital; the characteristics of the mode of exchange practiced in the community (the volume, direction, and range of services, the relatedness to professional activities and other spheres of life); their value set and worldview (egalitarianism, altruism, justice); and indicators of generalized trust. Results revealed that time bankers do not tend to create strong and sustainable relationships outside of the framework of the exchange. I put forward the following explanatory hypothesis: the calculativeness of time bankers, the market-driven valuations of ‘egalitarian’ service exchange and a unilateral attitude to the exchange are in conflict with a longing for Gemeinschaft—a community with strong bonding interdependence based on the norms of mutuality. This association failed to provide the conditions for generalized trust to emerge. The attempt to simultaneously create a tightly bonded community, but still answer the needs of the digital age resulted in a pastiche of a sharing economy platform. Beyond the case at hand, this study theorizes the rhetoric and reality of the sharing economy by summarizing the grounds for the expectations of generating social capital and explains why certain expectations could not be met.
Периодизация советской и постсоветской этнологии на материалах тематики диссертаций (1934–2016)
Authors: Дивисенко Константин Сергеевич , Винер Борис Ефимович
Published: October 2021

Целью статьи является проверка предположения о периодизации советской и российской этнологии. Данные включают сведения о 2872 кандидатских и докторских диссертациях по этнографии/этнологии, подготовленных к защите в 1934–2016 гг. Опираясь на идею социолога науки Ричарда Уитли о социальной институционализации научных дисциплин, авторы предлагают выделить в истории российской этнологии три этапа: имперский этап включает периоды доинституциональный (1724–1844) и ранней институционализации (1845–1917), советский этап – периоды добровольной «марксизации» (1917/18–1929/32), период искоренения методологического плюрализма (1929/32–1953), толстовский (1954–1966/67) и бромлеевский (1966/67–1991), и, наконец, постсоветский этап делится на период кризиса и надежд (1992–2004) и период тематической и теоретической диверсификации (с 2005 г.). В ходе анализа содержимого диссертаций выявлены 64 тематические категории, по которым были классифицированы все диссертации. Для проверки нашего предположения с помощью анализа таблиц сопряженности, кластерного анализа и алгоритма скользящих временных отрезков выявлялась связь между временными периодами и тематическими предпочтениями авторов диссертаций. Результат проверки показал, что в целом предложенная периодизация истории советской и российской этнологии подтвердилась.
Модель сингапурского чуда: уроки для России
Authors: Балацкий Евгений Всеволодович
Published: October 2021

В статье проводится идея, что Сингапур и Россия, несмотря на внешнюю непохожесть, имеют нечто общее – уникальность географических параметров. В свою очередь, это позволяет более пристально изучить модель сингапурского чуда, представленную в книге Ли Куан Ю «Из третьего мира – в первый. История Сингапура (1965–2000)». Для обоснования правомерности использования опыта знаменитого политика рассмотрена разнонаправленность развития двух государств в последние десятилетия: Сингапур шагнул из третьего мира в первый, тогда как Россия – из первого мира в третий. Автором рассмотрены некоторые различия в политических моделях Сингапура и России. Если для Сингапура характерны опора на здравый смыл и традицию в принятии решений, диалог власти и народа, быстрая реакция членов правительства на обвинения в коррупции и забота о своей репутации, то для России – следование заимствованным формальным управленческим шаблонам, изоляция власти от народа, системное игнорирование обвинений общественности в адрес чиновников. В связи с проводимыми реформами для российской системы управления могут быть полезны многие элементы сингапурской модели успеха.
Мотивационная структура профессиональной деятельности медицинских работников России
Authors: Темницкий Александр Лазаревич
Published: October 2021

В статье анализируется структура мотивации медицинских работников, которая раскрывается сквозь призму мотивов-побуждений, стимулов к труду и удовлетворенности различными сторонами труда. Отдельное значение придается выявлению ее устойчивости во времени и по отношению к различным контрольным факторам: статусной, региональной, организационной, квалификационной и половозрастной принадлежности медицинских работников. В качестве информационной базы исследования использовались данные трех повторных социологических исследований, проведенных в трех регионах России в 2014–2018 гг. по программе фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ. В статье отмечается, что ожидаемой самодетерминации ведущих стимулов к хорошей работе и факторов удовлетворенности трудом замечено не было. Выявленная в результате анализа структура мотивации профессиональной деятельности медицинских работников бюджетной сферы была названа консервативной. Ядро такой структуры образуют мотивы и стимулы, связываемые с внешними побудителями к хорошей работе, а не с активизацией внутренних ресурсов. Их концентрированным выражением стали требования, направленные к государству. Справедливая оплата труда и наличие хорошего современного оборудования являются ведущими в составе факторов мотивации медицинских работников к более качественному и производительному труду.
Диспансеризация населения: ожидания и реальность
Authors: Шейман Игорь Михайлович , Шишкин Сергей Владимирович , Шевский Владимир Ильич , Cажина Светлана Владимировна , Понкратова Оксана Федоровна
Published: October 2021

Диспансеризации населения позиционируется российским государством как важнейший инструмент политики в сфере здравоохранения. В отчетах органов государственной власти рост охвата населения диспансеризацией и числа выявленных заболеваний представляются как однозначные свидетельства ее успеха. Перспективы ее развития связываются с расширением числа участников и состава мероприятий по выявлению заболеваний. Считается, что это автоматически приведет к улучшению показателей здоровья населения. Между тем связь между профилактикой и показателями здоровья не так однозначна, как это следует из официальных заявлений. В статье рассматривается концептуальная основа реализуемой программы диспансеризации, анализируются реальные практики и результаты ее проведения.Декларируемые цели диспансеризации состоят в максимально широком охвате населения профилактическими мероприятиями и выявлении заболеваний. Анализ практики диспансеризации выполнен по данным онлайн-опроса, проведенного весной 2019 г., 1103 участковых врачей и врачей профилактических подразделений поликлиник, работающих в 81 регионе страны. Результаты опроса показывают, что действия по ведению выявленных в ходе диспансеризации больных, особенно с хроническими заболеваниями, очень ограничены. Почти половина опрошенных врачей не знает о результатах диспансеризации прикрепленного к ним населения; менее 8% считают, что объем последующих мероприятий по диспансерному наблюдению выявленных больных достаточен для полноценного лечения.Результаты опроса и качественных интервью с врачами и руководителями московских поликлиник показали также, что первичное звено здравоохранения еще до пандемии COVID-19 было не готово к проведению эффективного диспансерного наблюдения за  выявленными больными. Более того, диспансеризация обострила дефицит кадров медицинских организаций первичной медико-санитарной помощи. Особенностью программы диспансеризации является централизованная унифицированная модель планирования и проведения ее мероприятий. В ситуации сильного административного давления органов управления здравоохранением всех уровней врачи вынуждены имитировать реальную профилактику как в количественном, так и в качественном отношении. Для повышения медико-экономической эффективности диспансеризации требуются увязка масштабов и содержания ее программы с возможностями первичного звена здравоохранения и ее превращение в комплекс взаимосвязанных мер по выявлению заболеваний и постоянному наблюдению за больными, прежде всего с хроническими заболеваниями.
Antidepressants Drugs and Addiction Treatment: A development view and a technological patent landscape of drugs and compositions
Authors: Alessandra Moreira de Oliveira , Suzanne de Oliveira Rodrigues Schumacher , Adelaide Maria de Souza Antunes
Published: October 2021

Background: According to the World Health Organization, about 76-85% of subjects in low- and middle-income countries suffer with a mental disorder. From them the most prevalent are anxiety and depression ones, with an increase in the number of cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Antidepressants are drugs used to treat depression, but they are also used to treat subjects addicted to drugs. The development of new technologies/drugs/compositions is important for promoting access not only to drugs, but better drugs. The present study aims: 1. To carry out a survey of drugs under active development used to depression and dependency treatment (at least); 2. To evaluate, through the patent landscape, the patent documents filed in the past 10 years related to this class of drugs (antidepressants) in the context of technological scenario and 3. To promote a discussion about drugs used as antidepressants and to dependency treatment (at least). Results: The search provided a scenario of a small number of drugs used for depression and drug dependency under active development, the highest development phases, the main mechanisms of action and the antidepressants used as antiaddictives. The patent landscape retrieved 2067 applied documents filed over the last 10 years, showing that China leads in the number of deposits of these drugs/compositions/methods to treat depression (with 1758 applications) made by Chinese Institutes and Universities, followed by the United States (291 applications) and Japan (193 applications). The patents’ search also allowed us to evaluate the documents which the claims addressed (at least) to the treatment of depression and as antiaddictive. Conclusion: The analysis of under active development drugs presented those used as antidepressants and to the treatment of substances dependency in different stages of development, including the drugs in clinical studies. Indeed, the applications’ analysis on antidepressants has generated information about the technologies involved, as well as allowing the evaluation of the applications that are also promising for the treatment of addiction and depression.
RCA of Gotcha v1
Authors: Shih Chia-Hsien
Published: October 2021

This protocol is to test that GotCha is functional and can works as designed.
A method for evaluating and upgrading systems with parallel structures with forced redundancy
Authors: Michlowicz Edward , Wojciechowski Jerzy
Published: October 2021

The objects of the study are parallel-structure machine systems with redundancy associated with safety assurance of continuous material flow. The problem concerns systems in which the supply of materials takes place continuously (24 hours a day), and the system of operated machines must ensure the receipt and movement of the material at a strictly defined time and in the desired quantity. It is a system where the presence of a failure poses a threat to human life and environmental degradation. This paper presents a method for system condition assessment and upgrading for maintaining proper operation under conditions of continuous operation. A database of information about the current parameters of the system components (measurements, monitoring) is necessary for condition assessment. The method also uses
lean techniques (including TPM). System evaluation and selection criteria for a suitable structure in terms of further operation were proposed. Exemplification was performed for an underground mine drainage system. As a part of the identification, selected parameters of the system components were measured, and their characteristics (motors, pumps, pipelines) were developed. The results of the analysis and the values of the adopted criteria were compared to the indicators for new pump sets. A two-option system upgrade was proposed, in addition to machine operating schedules, maintenance periods, and overhaul cycles.
SOME IMPERATIVES OF IMPLEMENTING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Klyusheva A. R. , Rastovа Yu. I.
Published: October 2021

The authors systematize significant concepts and problems in the field of social responsibility in the context of business ethics, preserving people's health, their lives, the environment, respecting the interests of the state and society, and eco-efficiency.
К ВОПРОСУ О РАЗВИТИИ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ НА НАЦИОНАЛЬНОМ РЫНКЕ
Authors: Zarembo V. E. , Stepanenko D. A.
Published: October 2021

На основе анализа глобального индекса инновационной активности Таджикистана выявлено три группы показателей. Исследование показателей, входящих в группу «неоцененных экспертами», позволило сделать вывод о наличии инновационного потенциала страны. Была предложена классификация инноваций по созданию и использованию. Были разработаны направления повышения инновационной активности и сделаны предположения о необходимости внедрения мероприятий по развитию внутреннего рынка инноваций, а также стран ЕАЭС на фоне реализации модели «тройной спирали».
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MINING INDUSTRY
Authors: Evlashkina S. A.
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the implementation of digital technologies in the mining industry, as well as the economic effect of their implementation. The advantages of using 3D models, “smart ear” systems, “Blast movement technology” are substantiated.  It was determined that Industry 4.0 opens up new prospects for the development of the mining industry, creating opportunities for productivity growth with improved labor safety. Thanks to the introduction of geotechnology - Mining 4.0 (Industry 4.0 in the mining industry), including such modern digital technologies as deserted robotic complexes of mining and quarry equipment, ubiquitous digital telemetry, the Internet of Things and machine-to-machine communications, digital 3D modeling and artificial intelligence in the mining industry becomes a high-tech production. The author analyzed the forms of penetration of Industry 4.0 technologies into the mining industries and the international experience of using Mining 4.0, showing the advantages of the further development of geotechnology in a new technological era and the economic effect of their use.
PROBLEMS OF CUSTOMS CLEARANCE OF FOREIGN GOODS IN DOCUMENTS
Authors: Khudzhatov M. B.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses some aspects of the import of foreign goods into the territory of the Russian Federation. In particular, the main focus is on documenting information about the quantity of goods. Based on the results of the analysis, practical problems of customs clearance of foreign goods were revealed in case of discrepancy in information about the number of goods in the documents, the need to solve which determined the relevance of the article. The article presents the author's algorithm of the importer's actions in case of discrepancy of information about the quantity of goods in documents, the implementation of which in practice will ensure high efficiency of customs clearance of foreign goods.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY
Authors: Burkin N. G.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the impact of the participation of Russian companies in improving their efficiency through participation in the UN SDG program, which is an important part of the modern system of attract capital through stock instruments and government instruments to support socially oriented companies. There are statistical data of the interest of companies in participating in the SDGs and the popularity of programs among companies.
ÇANAKKALE ŞEHRİNDE YAŞAYANLARIN ŞEHRİN YEŞİL ALANLARINA YÖNELİK İLGİ ALGI ve FARKINDALIKLARI
Authors: Ilgar Rüştü
Published: October 2021

Bu araştırma Çanakkale şehri özelinde yeşil alan algısı ve yeşil alanlara olan gereksinimlere yönelik gerçekleştirilmiş uygulamalı bir çalışmadır. Çanakkale şehrinde çok sayıda park alanı bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada yeşil alan ve park algısını ve ihtiyacını ölçmek için, Çanakkale’nin 7 mahallesinde toplam 248 kişiyle yüz yüze anket şeklinde veri toplanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu anketlerin 227’si değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Değerlendirmeye alınan anketlerin 107’si kadın, 120’si erkekten oluşmuştur. Çanakkale’de hali hazırda bulunan toplam açık-yeşil alanların alanı 11 746.92 dekar (1.174.692 m2)’ dır. Bu miktar ile kişi başına düşen yeşil alan oranı 9,5 m2 olup, uluslararası normlarda olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucu Çanakkale şehrindeki yeşil alanların 234 adet semt parkı, 9 adet kent parkı, 129 adet ağaçlık, 65 adet refüj ve kavşak, 5 adet piknik alanı ve 5 adet mezarlık bulunmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları Çanakkale şehri park ve yeşil alan kullanıcıların ihtiyaç ve isteklerini karşılama düzeylerini, yeni park ve yeşil alanlara ihtiyaç gereksinimlerini ortaya koymaktadır. Çanakkale halkı genel olarak parkları yeterli görse de bunlara erişim ve kullanım konusunda problem yaşamaktadır. Yeşil alanlara ulaşım sonrası çevresinde yeterli otopark olmaması bir diğer sorundur. Halkın oldukça önemli kısmı parkların güvensiz olduğu ve temiz olmadığını düşünmektedir. Özellikle ankete katılan bireylerin verdiği cevaplardan anlaşıldığına göre, eğitim düzeyi arttıkça beklentiler yükselmekte ve memnuniyetsizlik artmaktadır.
Integrating Effects of Source-Dependent Factors on Sediment-Depth Scaling of Additional Site Amplification to Ground-Motion Prediction Equation
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Li Chunguo , Wen Ruizhi , Ren Yefei
Published: October 2021

It is crucial to include additional site amplification effects resulting from the thick sediment on ground motions in the reliable assessment for seismic hazard in sedimentary basins. Ground-motion residual analysis with respect to ground-motion prediction equation is performed to evaluate additional site amplifications at over 200 K-NET stations within and around Kanto basin. We first investigate the potential effects on additional site amplifications resulted from the sediment depth and several source-dependent factors. Results reveal that source-to-site distance, focal depth, and source azimuth all have nonnegligible effects on additional site amplifications, especially the focal depth. Thick sedimentary sites amplify long-period ground motions from distant earthquakes more strongly than those from local earthquakes. Ground motions from shallow crustal earthquakes generally experience much stronger amplifications than those from those deep subduction earthquakes, much more predominant for long-period ground motions (>1.0 s) at thick sedimentary sites. Meanwhile, we develop the empirical model after integrating contributions from sediment depth, source-to-site distance, and focal depth for predicting additional site amplification effects. Considering the typical case of the distant shallow crustal earthquakes, additional site amplifications at thick sedimentary sites within Kanto basin generally show an increasing trend with the oscillation period increased, whereas they are generally characterized by a decreasing trend at shallow sedimentary sites outside the basin. The mean additional site amplification is up to about 2.0 within Kanto basin, whereas 0.5–0.65 outside Kanto basin, for ground motions at oscillation periods of 2.0–5.0 s. Mean amplifications within Kanto basin are about 3.5 times larger than those outside the basin for long-period ground motions at 2.0–5.0 s. Sites northeast to Kanto basin show the largest amplifications up to about 3.0 at periods of 0.15 and 5.0 s, which may be resulted from the basin edge effects.
Problem Kurma Becerisini Geliştirmek için Tasarlanan Problem Kurma Öğrenme Modeli’nin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖRNEK Tuğba , SOYLU Yasin
Published: October 2021

Bu araştırmada problem kurma becerisini geliştirmek için tasarlanan Problem Kurma Öğrenme Modeli’nin (PKÖM) kesirlerle toplama ve çıkarma işlemine yönelik problem kurma etkinlikleri üzerinden ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adayları ile değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada eş değer olmayan ön test-son test karşılaştırma gruplu desen kullanılmıştır. Deney grubuna PKÖM’ye, karşılaştırma grubuna Polya’nın problem çözme basamakları ve problem kurma basamağına göre problem kurma eğitimi verilmiştir. Veriler Problem Kurma Testi (PKT) ile toplanmıştır. PKT’ye kurulan problemleri analiz etmek için bir puanlama yönergesi geliştirilmiştir. PKÖM’nin kavramsal öğrenmeyi geliştirdiği, problemlerin çözülebilirliğine olumlu bir etkisinin olduğu, matematiksel dili ve dil bilgisi kurallarını doğru kullanmayı sağladığı tespit edildiği için, PKÖM’nin problem kurma öğretiminde kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
An interesting case of neonatal aural myiasis in a 13 hours old neonate in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Bharti Abnish Kumar , Kishore Jay , Dixit Aditya
Published: October 2021

Myiasis is infestation by fly larvae (diptera) in live vertebrates, including humans. Newborn period is very unusual for any infestation. In literature there are only a few cases reported of neonatal aural myiasis from India. We described a case of aural myiasis caused by the Sarcophagidae family in a 13 hours old newborn in this paper. Aural myiasis in a newborn can be dangerous because of the fatality risk due to penetration to the brain.
Effect of tinnitus on the performance of central auditory system: a review
Authors: Kohansal Behieh , Asghari Mehdi , Najafi Sirvan , Hamedi Fahimeh
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim: Tinnitus is one of the most difficult challenges in audiology and oto­logy. Previous studies have been shown that tinn­itus may interfere with the function of central auditory system (CAS). Involvement of CAS abilities including speech perception and audi­tory processing has led to serious problems in people with tinnitus. Due to the lack of enough information about the impact of tinnitus on CAS and its function, and given that there is no standardized protocol for assessment and mana­gement of tinnitus, this study aimed to review the studies on the effect of tinnitus on the CAS function.
Recent Findings: Sixteen eligible articles were reviewed. Temporal and spectral resolution, fre­quency differentiation and speech perception deficits were reported in patients with tinnitus, especially in background noise. This was repor­ted even in tinnitus patients with normal hearing.
Conclusion: Assessment of central auditory pro­cessing and speech perception in noise seems to be useful for proper management of tinnitus in clinical practice.
Keywords: Tinnitus; auditory system; central auditory processing; speech in noise performance
Parent’s and teacher’s evaluation of aural oral performance of children with hearing aids
Authors: Zarrinpour Fateme , Rahbar Nariman , Sameni Seyyed Jalal
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim: Parents' evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (PEACH) and teachers' evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (TEACH) questionnaires are used to assess the behaviors of hearing-impaired children in real-life situations. This study aims to compare the scores of PEACH and TEACH in children with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) using hearing aids.
Methods: This is a double-blind two-period crossover study on 21 children aged 9-72 months with severe-to-profound SNHL using hearing aids. There were two 6-week periods of ﬁtting Phonak Naida Venture SP hearing aids using the fifth version of the Desired Sensation Level (DSL v5) and the National Acoustics Laborato­ries’ nonlinear fitting procedure (NAL-NL2) pre­scriptions. At the end of each trial, the PEACH and TEACH questioners were completed through an interview with the parents and teachers, res­pectively.
Results: There was a strong correlation between the PEACH and TEACH in total and subscale scores. There was no signiﬁcant difference bet­ween the results of DSL v5 and the NAL-NL2 prescriptions for the total score and subscale scores of PEACH and TEACH.
Conclusion: The PEACH score has a strong correlation with the TEACH score. These ques­tionnaires are useful tools for indirectly assess­ment of hearing-impaired children’s communi­cation skills. The DSL v5 and the NAL-NL2 prescriptions make no significant difference in the performance of children with severe-to-profound SNHL.
Keywords: Aural oral performance; questionnaire; children; parents; hearing loss; functional performance
Black fungus due to covid-19: audiological assessment of middle ear functioning
Authors: Kumar Prajwal , Goyal Swati , Prabhu Prashanth
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim: A rare fungal infection, mucormycosis, has become more common in patients recovering from COVID in its second wave in India. The proximity and easy access to the middle ear through the Eustachian tube from paranasal sinuses alarms the need for early detec­tion of middle ear involvement. Hence, the study was carried out to determine the influence of mucormycosis on Immittance and otoacoustic emissions.
Methods: eleven rhino orbital mucormycosis patients aged 40-60 years participated in the study. Middle ear evaluation was carried out with the help of Immittance and otoacoustic emissi­ons.
Results: It was found that 4/11 (36.36%) parti­cipants had abnormal Immittance and absent oto­acoustic emissions, indicating middle ear dys­function. 3/4 participants had middle ear dys­function in the ear ipsilateral to the side of the infection.
Conclusion: The study results reveal a rare cha­nce of middle ear involvement in mucormycosis patients, which calls for the crucial role of the audiologist in the early detection of middle ear dysfunction.
Keywords: Mucormycosis; immittance; otoacoustic emissions
Cochlear implantation in an adult woman with Takayasu’s arteritis: a case report
Authors: Bayat Arash , Daneshi Ahmad , Karimi Majid , Saki Sara , Saki Nader
Published: October 2021

Background: Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) is an idiopathic large-vessel vasculitis. Sensori­neural hearing loss is a rare complication in patients with TAK. In this study, we report an adult woman with hearing loss associated with TAK who underwent cochlear implantation (CI).
The Case: The case was a 28-year-old hearing-impaired woman with TAK who underwent uni­lateral CI. The surgery improved the patient’s speech perception and perceived sound quality. However, her auditory and speech performances changed over time.
Conclusion: The present case report highlights the importance of monitoring auditory and spe­ech performance of CI patients with TAK.
Keywords: Cochlear implantation; Takayasu arteritis; hearing loss
Evaluation of COVID-19 antibody response with using three different tests
Authors: Appak Özgür , Gülmez Abdurrahman , Güzel Irmak , Gezer Naciye Sinem , Doruk Özlem Gürsoy , Ergor Osman Alparslan , Esen Nuran , Sayıner Ayca Arzu
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives: In this study, the performance of three different commercial antibody assays for COVID-19 was examined and parameters affecting the antibody response were investigated. The correlation of patients’ chest CT results, procalcitonin, CRP, and D-dimer levels with the antibody response were retrospectively evaluated.
Materials and Methods: COVID-19 antibodies were detected by three commercially available assays in each patient. Two of the assays were rapid immunochromatographic tests and - one was an ELISA-based IgG assay. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was tested by “COVID-19 RT-qPCR Detection Kit” using nasopharyngeal swab samples. The results of antibody tests were com- pared with each other, RT-qPCR, Biochemical parameters and chest CT findings.
Results: RT-qPCR was positive in 46.6% (41/88) of the evaluated patients among which 77.3% (68/88) were healthcare workers. Seventeen (41.4%) of viral RNA positive patients had a positive antibody result with at least two assays. Both of the rapid immunochromatographic tests had identical sensitivity of 36.6% and specificity of 100%, compared to RT-qPCR assay; while the sensitivity of the ELISA based Euroimmune test was 43.9%, and the specificity was 95.7%. The sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic tests were 75% and 100% respectively, compared to ELISA test result. There was a correlation between antibody positivity and old age and male gender. The presence of typical chest CT findings increased the antibody positivity 13.62 times. Antibody positivity was also increased with the decrease in Ct value of the PCR assay. There was no significant relationship between the biochemical parameters (CRP, D-dimer and procalcitonin values) and the antibody or RT-qPCR results.
Conclusion: There was a correlation between antibody response and male gender, older age, presence of symptoms, typical chest CT findings and low PCR-Ct value.
Significant bacteriuria among requested repeat urine samples and its clinical correlation
Authors: Bhugra Arjun , Gachinmath Supriya
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections in both outpatient and inpatient department received for routine bacterial culture and sensitivity. We looked for significant bacteriuria in re- quested repeat urine sample after primary urine culture yielded significant growth (>105  CFU/ml) of ≥3 types of colonies. Also studied, different isolates grown with their sensitivity pattern and contamination rates of urine samples from different departments.
Materials and Methods: In routine, primary urine cultures yielding ≥3 types of colonies on Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (C.L.E.D) were requested for repeat samples, collected with aseptic precautions after proper instructions. Data was analyzed for the Microbiological profile and its clinical correlation.
Results: Among 617 received requested urine samples, 292 (47.3%) yielded significant bacteriuria. Clinical details were available for 252 cases out of which 100 (39.7%) showed asymptomatic bacteriuria, 87 (34.5%) complicated UTI and 65 (25.7%) uncomplicated UTI. Null hypothesis was rejected as 292 (47.3%) of the received repeat samples showed significant bacteriuria and 325 (53%) showed normal flora/no growth i.e. there is a 50% chance of getting either a positive culture or normal flora/no growth in repeat urine samples after the primary urine culture showed ≥3 types of colonies. It indicates the importance of requesting repeat urine samples for an accurate urine culture report. Male patients were significantly associ- ated with significant bacteriuria and complicated UTI (p= 0.001). Escherichia coli (n=112, 28%) was the most common fol- lowed by Klebsiella species (n=66, 16.4%) and Enterococcus species (n=69, 17.2%). 183 (45.6%) isolates were Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Gram Negative Bacilli (GNBs), Escherichia coli (50.3%) being most common. Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) (n=8, 2.0%) was also isolated.
Conclusion: Our study justifies the rationale for asking a repeat urine samples which helps in providing an appropriate mi- crobiological report with antibiotic sensitivity pattern, hence preventing unwanted reporting of commensals/contaminants facilitating evidence based therapy.
Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma hominis infection in south Korea during 2018-2020
Authors: Oh Eun Ju , Jang Tae Su , Kim Jae Kyung
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can remain undetected and untreated; therefore, rapid diagnosis and treatment of STIs are important. Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), and Ureaplasma urealyticum are sexually transmitted pathogens that cause asymptomatic, organ-specific, and chronic infections, thereby pos- ing a threat to community health. Therefore, we investigated the epidemiological trends of MG and MH infections in South Korea for rapid diagnosis and treatment.
Materials and Methods: From September 2018 to December 2020, samples (catheter, pus, tissue, swab, and urine) were collected from outpatients of hospitals in South Korea for molecular biological venereal disease testing. DNA was extracted and analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Of the 59,381 samples analyzed, 8.78% (n=5,215) were positive for MG and MH. The MH positivity rate (5.51%, n=3,273) was higher than the MG positivity rate (3.27%, n=1,942). MG and MH positivity rates were the highest in patients aged <19 years. Men had higher MG positivity rate, whereas women had higher MH positivity rates. Furthermore, the MG- positivity rate was the highest in the swab samples of both men and women, whereas that of MH was the highest in the urine samples of men and swab samples of women.
Conclusion: We identified the differences between MG and MH positivity rates based on sex, specimen, and age. Our findings can provide information for strategies that protect public health and reduce STI incidence and transmission.