bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainability in Business
Authors: Fatima Noor , Shahbaz Muhammad
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the complex idea of sustainability in the context of business, highlighting how vital it is for modern businesses. It highlights the interconnection of sustainability's environmental, economic, and social elements by providing a comprehensive review of each. The chapter covers a variety of methods and instruments that are essential for integrating sustainability into corporate operations. A theoretical basis is provided by reviewing important sustainable business models. Furthermore, the chapter provides the insights of reporting the sustainability activities and their assessment. Real-world case studies from the E7 nations highlight the difficulties in implementing sustainable principles as well as their practical applicability. The chapter also addresses the causes of environmental degradation, stressing the importance of a comprehensive and deliberate approach to sustainability.
The Future Outlook for Innovative Sustainable Fashion Design
Authors: Kaur Uttam , Siddhey Prashant Kumar , Shukla Rajeev
Published: September 2024

The people-oriented tenet, fashion design quickly expands to encompass the modern socio-economic, political, and cultural variety. Multi-paradigm, multi-angle design is merged into modern fashion. This is restricted to the practice of garment design and open up a fresh vision for the frontier of modern fashion. There is no denying that the fashion business is being significantly impacted by the intersection of science and technology. Sustainable garment design and new positive systems are currently needed for innovative designs developed to achieve sustainable fashion and environmentally friendly materials. Sustainable innovation in fashion is tough on society. The ecology of textiles and eco-friendly materials themselves benefit society and do not pollute the environment in any way when they are made into clothing. To being helpful to humans and nontoxic to the body, it is also sociable in the environment. At this historic juncture, new synthetic, high-tech materials that meet consumer demands while protecting the environment are emerging.
Evaluation of Fungal Decay and Biodegradation of Thermoplastic Composites Reinforced with Date Palm Fibres
Authors: Awad Said , Hamouda Tamer , Mohareb Ahmed , Midani Mohamad , Badawy Menna
Published: September 2024

Growing interest in utilizing and processing natural fibres (NF) to create biodegradable and sustainable composites as environmental concerns upsurge globally. Date palm trees (DPT) account for more than 4.5 million tons of waste annually worldwide, making it one of the most abundant agricultural biomass waste in the MENA region. This study evaluated the biological resistance of thermoplastic composites developed from polylactic acid (PLA) and recycled polyvinyl chloride (RPVC) reinforced with date palm fibre (DPF) at different contents (10, 20, 30, 40 wt.%) and fibre size (250 – 500 µm and ≥1,000 µm). Composites where exposed to the brown-rot fungus; Irpex lacteus, and white-rot fungus; Tyromyces palustris, to evaluate its resistance to biodegradation. Results showed that composites developed using PLA had higher weight loss (%) when compared to the same samples but reinforced with RPVC. Composites with higher DPF content showed high rates of decay when used with different polymer matrix. Also, DPF length had a significant effect on the disintegration of the composites. DPF/PLA reinforced with 40 wt.% DPF showed the highest weight loss (WL%) reaching 5.61% and 5.46% when exposed to Tyromyces palustris and Irpex lacteus respectively. On the other hand, the biodegradation had a direct impact on the disintegration of the composites developed where the WL%, of PLA composites developed with 40 wt.% DPF showed 61.40%.
Analysis of the Effects of Welding Conditions on the Microhardness of Low-Carbon Low-Alloy Steels
Authors: Laukhin Dmytro , Ziborov Kyrylo , Rott Nataliia , Fedoryachenko Sergey
Published: September 2024

Achieving dependable connections in open construction settings presents challenges or renders the use of stationary machines and equipment complicated, if not impossible. Therefore, there is a particular focus on the requirements for welding processes. Of particular interest is ensuring the strength and reliability of welded joints, especially through processes developed subsequent to the solidification of the weld at the weld zone. The extent of the thermal influence zone is contingent upon the welding conditions and the properties of the metal being welded. Hence, research into the impact of welding conditions on the formation of the structure of the welded zone and the thermal influence zone remains pertinent.
Assessment of the Activity of Galvanic Couples Involving Amalgam Filling Materials
Authors: Shyogoleva Mariy , Vasilchenko Alexey , Darmofal Eleonora , Mamontov Ihor
Published: September 2024

Comparative studies of the corrosion and electrochemical properties of amalgam filling materials based on copper, silver and non-gamma-2 "Oralloy" amalgam (Switzerland) were carried out in aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid at room temperatures and under conditions of mechanical depassivation of the surface. Although copper amalgam is corrosion-resistant in control environments due to the formation of protective passivating layers on the surface, the test results show that the advantage of silver amalgam in all tested solutions is obvious. It has been confirmed that the “Oralloy” filling material has advantages over copper and silver amalgams in the corrosion-electrochemical aspect. It is corrosion resistant in physiological neutral and slightly alkaline solutions, like silver amalgam, but surpasses it in electrochemical inertness. It has been shown that when predicting the intensity of galvanic processes that occur in the presence of two or more dissimilar metallic inclusions in the oral cavity, the potential difference between them is a necessary but insufficient criterion. When deciding the compatibility of new filling materials and previously used ones, it is necessary to take into account the pH of the environment, the potential difference between them, their nature and surface condition, as well as their position on the surface of the teeth. If there is a possibility of abrasion of the amalgam surface by antagonist teeth, then the likelihood of galvanosis increases significantly.
Correction of Transverse Mandibular Deficiency with a Hybrid Distractor- A Case Report
Authors: Amarasena K.G.D.I. , Dias D.K.
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
Experience in establishing Community Paediatric services at Teaching Hospital Batticaloa in Batticaloa District
Authors: Navaratnasamy Shoniya
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
Accidental Hanging by Safety Rope- An Unusual Case
Authors: Mayorathan U.
Published: September 2024

An accidental hanging by ligature is reported. A 46-year-old man was found fully suspended by a rope tied to the chimney on the rooftop of his residence when he was trying to clean out the gutters with a leaf blower. Autopsy findings revealed a ligature mark on the surface of the neck, left anterior chest, and right anterior abdomen. Abrasions due to ligature are seen on the anterior neck and submental area. Internally bilateral horns of the thyroid cartilage and the left hyoid bone are fractured. No soft tissue hemorrhage is associated with these fractures. Lungs are congested. He did not possess any significant medical history and did not have any previous suicidal ideation or attempt or mental disorder. He was not under the influence of alcohol or any drugs. It was concluded that the man had died from asphyxia due to ligature hanging which occurred when he fell from a roof and became entangled in his safety rope. The manner of death is a classified accident.
Study on knowledge of immediate newborn care among midwifery-trained nurses in a tertiary care Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ananda Shyama , Seevarathnam Thinoja , Amarasekara Sathika , De Silva Sinha , Weerasekera Medha
Published: September 2024

Introduction: In its “National Guidelines for Newborn Care”, the Ministry of Health Sri Lanka has incorporated ten essential steps in immediate newborn care. In order to improve the well-being of newborns, health staff, who are the first contact at delivery must follow these guidelines.
Objectives: To assess the midwifery trained nurses' knowledge of “Ten steps of immediate newborn care" at Sri Jayewardenepura General Hospital (SJGH).
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from 1st March 2019 to 31st May 2019 among midwifery-trained nurses at SJGH. Data was collected by pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics. The association between the status of knowledge with the duration of service, duration since midwifery training, and the working unit was assessed with an odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI).
Resuilts: There were 60 midwifery-trained nurses and all participated in the study. According to the study; good knowledge, satisfactory knowledge, and poor knowledge were 30%, 60% and 10% respectively. 90% had either good or satisfactory knowledge. Results of our study showed that the place of work was a statistically significant predictor for knowledge of immediate newborn care at p=0.05 level.
Conclusion: Despite adequate knowledge of the nurses providing immediate newborn care, our study identified a knowledge gap in a few important steps of immediate newborn care.
Physical activity in preventing Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Risk: A short perspective
Authors: Francis G.R. , Mayurathan P.
Published: September 2024

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Sri Lanka. Physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor strongly associated with the development and progression of ASCVD. This article provides an outline on the importance of physical activity in reducing ASCVD risk. It explores the physiological mechanisms through which physical activity exerts its protective effects and examines the possible ways and means by which cardiovascular health can be promoted by increased physical activity.
Severe Neutropenic Sepsis with Shock in a High-Grade B Cell Lymphoma: An Oncological emergency
Authors: Risly N.M.M. , Weerasinghe Dinesh
Published: September 2024

Neutropenic sepsis is a common presentation among the patients having various carcinomas and those who undergo chemotherapy. Late Presentation of patients with septic shock with absolute neutropenia with a high severity is very challenging to manage in an Emergency set up. Acting in a short span of time recognizing the problems and complications and addressing them appropriately is the whole mark of management which would result in the better prognosis of the patient. Here we present a case of a neutropenic septic shock and expect to review the management deficits and protocols available in the literature and to propose few recommendations for better outcome of similar patients in the future. Here we present a case of a a 55 years old male, with a history of high grade B Cell Lymphoma underwent chemotherapy with recent admission to hospital with Lower respiratory tract infection treated inward for 1 week and discharged 10 days back, presented to the Emergency Department (ED), with severe dyspnea and shock. Initial ABCDE assessment was done and patient was managed as severe neutropenic septic shock. Basic Investigations in brief, showed Absolute Neutropenia, Severe Lactic Acidemia, Deteriorating Renal Function, Elevated liver enzymes and Left Lower lobar interstitial shadowing. Despite the vigorous treatment with every possible option (even in a resource poor setting), Patient deteriorated and within 1 hour of admission, patient passed away.
Here in we aspire to discuss a case with Late Presentation of Neutropenic septic shock with Multi organ dysfunction resulted in death at the ED, to evaluate the causative factors, possible enhancements in the current management plan that patient underwent, for better future outcome in similar patients.
Priapism in newborn
Authors: Sivapatham Vishnu , Tam Joseph C.
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
The Effectiveness of Simulation-based Learning in Clinical Education
Authors: Sivanjali M.
Published: September 2024

Health professional education methods are changing steadily, and teachers should reevaluate their teaching methods with the needs of the world. Simulation-based learning is a widely practised teaching method where learning takes place in a risk-free environment. Students learn skills using manikins, standardised patients and role-playing with peers.
The objective of this narrative review was to study the effectiveness of simulation-based learning (SBL) in clinical education and the challenges of creating a simulation lab. Publications from 2015 to 2023 were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar using the search terms ‘Simulation-based learning’ and ‘clinical education’.
Eight articles matching the objective were studied. Simulation-based learning has many advantages that can be incorporated into the curriculum of health professional education. It was evident that simulation has been stated to improve knowledge, skills, and attitudes among medical and nursing students. It increases students’ confidence as well as critical thinking and reasoning abilities. It helps the students develop teamwork, leadership, and interpersonal skills. Using Standardized Patients in simulation-based learning has many benefits. When SPs are used, systematic ways of education will be practiced. Interaction with SPs develops a holistic way of approaching patients, and students can learn about patient-centred care, which is essential for practice. There are administrative difficulties in creating a simulation lab.
Simulation-based learning supports the new trends in learning, as we see nowadays. Many programmes have incorporated simulation into their training. SBL creates an opportunity to practice before applying it in real-life situations, where the learners can improve their skills and knowledge, which may lead to deeper understanding and greater achievement. Though simulation has benefits, there are challenges to creating a simulation lab.
Quality of work life and factors associated with it among elderly workers in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunathilaka Niluka , Weerasinghe Manuj C. , Samaranayake Dulani
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The quality of work life (QoWL) of the elderly worke r becomes an important concept which needs to be assessed and improved with the increase of elderly population as their engagement in the workforce is inevitable. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of QoW L among the elderly workers in Sri Lanka Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among el derly workers selected using multi-stage cluster sampling from Gampaha District. The QoWL was assessed using newly developed and validated Quality of Work Life Scale Elderly Workers. Factors associated with good QoWL were assessed through interviewer-administered questionnaire. Using a consensus reached cutoff mark, QoWL was dichotomized into ‘good’ and ‘poor’. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and factors associated with good QoWL were determined using bivariate analysis with Chi- squared test and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression. Results: The study included 835 elderly workers and the mean  score for total QoWL was 119.42 (SD=12.18). Prevalence of good QoWL among the elderly workers was 32.1% (95%  CI=29.0, 35.3). Good QoWL was significantly associated with multiple factors, such as personal, work related and p sychosocial factors. In the multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with good QoWL of elder workers  were earning more than LKR 30,000 per month, having properties as an income generation method, engaging in a j ob before age 60 years, job helping to have social interaction, having adequate social support and engaging in political  activities. Spending on own food, having arthritis, experiencing work related accidents and occupational engagement  to support the family were negatively associated with good QoWL. Conclusions & Recommendations: The QoWL of elderly worke rs was at a low level and needs improvement interventions. Employees as well as policymakers should develop a nd implement appropriate strategies to improve their QoWL.
B Cells Influence Encephalitogenic T Cell Frequency to Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)38–49 during Full-length MOG Protein–Induced Demyelinating Disease
Authors: Faust Michael A , Gibbs Lisa , Oviedo Juan M , Cornwall Douglas H , Fairfax Keke C , Zhou Zemin , Lamb Tracey J , Evavold Brian D
Published: September 2024

Although T cells are encephalitogenic during demyelinating disease, B cell–depleting therapies are a successful treatment for patients with multiple sclerosis. Murine models of demyelinating disease utilizing myelin epitopes, such as myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55, induce a robust CD4 T cell response but mitigate the contribution of pathological B cells. This limits their efficacy for investigating how B cell depletion affects T cells. Furthermore, induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with a single CD4 T cell epitope does not reflect the breadth of epitopes observed in the clinic. To better model the adaptive immune response, mice were immunized with the full-length MOG protein or the MOG1–125 extracellular domain (ECD) and compared with MOG35–55. Mature MOG-reactive B cells were generated only by full-length MOG or ECD. The CNS-localized T cell response induced by full-length MOG is characterized by a reduction in frequency and the percentage of low-affinity T cells with reactivity toward the core epitope of MOG35–55. B cell depletion with anti-CD20 before full-length MOG-induced, but not ECD-induced, demyelinating disease restored T cell reactivity toward the immunodominant epitope of MOG35–55, suggesting the B cell–mediated control of encephalitogenic epitopes. Ultimately, this study reveals that anti-CD20 treatment can influence T cell epitopes found in the CNS during demyelinating disease.
Distribution of the pattern, incidence, and determinants of sexually transmitted infections among patients attending Adari Hospital, Hawassa City, Sidama Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Birmeka Melese , Bekele Damtew
Published: September 2024

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) cause serious medical and psychological health problems in Ethiopia and vary in different localities. Thus, this study aimed to investigate patterns, status, and the association of sexually transmitted infections and local risk factors in the patients attending Adari Hospital. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2021 to June 2022. Systematic simple random sampling was used to select a total of 385 patients. In addition, five years of retrospective data were collected. Data were collected through blood tests, urethral and vaginal discharge swabs, structured questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Variables with p-values less than 5% are considered as significant. The overall prevalence of sexually transmitted infections was 74.4%. The odds of STIs in patients who were urban, single, presence of two and above sexual partners, illiterate, sexual intercourse without using a condom, and sex after drinking alcohol and chewing khat were more likely to be infected with STIs as compared with their counterparts. STIs were highly prevalent and one of the health challenges of Hawassa city.
Segmental arterial mediolysis: a challenging diagnosis in internal medicine
Authors: Bombardieri Giulia , Rustici Alessandra , Caselli Michele , Chirico Chiara , Bocchi Veronica , Montagnani Andrea
Published: September 2024

Segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) is an uncommon, nonatherosclerotic, noninflammatory, large- to medium-sized arteriopathy first described in 1976, affecting splanchnic branches of the aorta. The clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic to severe, life-threatening intra-abdominal hemorrhage and shock. A healthy 53-year-old woman with abdominal pain was referred to our facility for further management of superior mesenteric artery dissection diagnosed in the emergency room. A computed tomography scan revealed a dissection in both renal arteries, leading to ischemic degeneration in the left apical pole of the kidney. Additionally, three aneurysmatic dilatations, ectasia of intrahepatic vessels, and irregularities in the wall of the iliac arteries were identified. No other pathological lesions were observed. Based on imaging and the absence of inflammatory and autoimmune markers, a diagnosis of SAM was made. Since an endovascular intervention was excluded and both anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy were initiated, the patient has undergone close clinical and radiological follow-up.
Biological Reductionism in Medicine
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: September 2024

Not available.
The meaning of suffering
Authors: Alszeghy Zoltán
Published: September 2024

Not available.
In vitro fertilisation: ethical issues
Authors: Caffara Carlo
Published: September 2024

Not available.
The clinical case in medical ethics
Authors: Manna Raffaele , Migliore Alberto
Published: September 2024

Not available.
History of medical genetics in South Africa
Authors: Kromberg Jennifer G. , De Jong Grietje
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
An efficient Video Forgery Detection using Two-Layer Hybridized Deep CNN classifier
Authors: Meena Ugale  , Midhunchakkaravarthy J.
Published: September 2024

Video forgery detection is crucial to combat misleading content, ensuring trust and credibility. Existing methods encounter challenges such as diverse manipulation techniques, dataset variation, real-time processing demands, and maintaining a balance between false positives and negatives. The research focuses on leveraging a Two-Layer Hybridized Deep CNN classifier for the detection of video forgery. The primary objective is to enhance accuracy and efficiency in identifying manipulated content. The process commences with the collection of input data from a video database, followed by diligent data pre-processing to mitigate noise and inconsistencies. To streamline computational complexity, the research employs key frame extraction to select pivotal frames from the video. Subsequently, these key frames undergo YCrCb conversion to establish feature maps, a step that optimizes subsequent analysis. These feature maps then serve as the basis for extracting significant features, incorporating Haralick features, Local Ternary Pattern, Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), and light coefficient features. This multifaceted approach empowers robust forgery detection. The detection is done using the proposed Two-Layer Hybridized Deep CNN classifier that identifies the forged image. The outputs are measured using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and the proposed Two-Layer Hybridized Deep CNN achieved 96.76%, 96.67%, 96.21% for dataset 1, 96.56%, 96.79%, 96.61% for dataset 2, 95.25%, 95.76%, 95.58% for dataset 3, which is more efficient than other techniques.
Impact of paclobutrazol on the initial growth of Tectona grandis clones under different water availability regimes
Authors: Sales Elsilene Thaynara Melo , Trazzi Paulo André , Moura Jenifer Nathanna Marcelino , Martins Marcio Oliveira , Silva Keveny da Silva e , Mustafa Gabriel Melo , Oliveira Barbara Valentim
Published: September 2024

Plantations continually confront climatic challenges that may impede their initial establishment in the field, thereby adversely affecting their overall productivity. In order to establish protocols for forest plantations that address potential challenges arising from global climate variations, growth regulators play a significant role. The use of plant growth regulators in early forest species’ growth and establishment stages is limited. The present study assessed the morphophysiology of Tectona grandis clones in response to different water regimes and paclobutrazol concentrations applied to the soil. The experiment followed a randomized block design with four blocks and a 5x3 factorial scheme. This scheme included five concentrations of PBZ: 0.0 (control), 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg plant-1, and three levels of water availability: 40%, 70%, and 100% of field capacity. There was no interaction between PBZ concentration and water regime factors. Based on the analysis applied to each treatment, plants’ morphological and physiological variables did not respond to the use of different PBZ concentrations, although significant differences were observed in some morphological and physiological traits. The higher water availability provided by 100% field capacity led to the highest increase in stem diameter, root and total dry mass values. Tectona grandis clones presented increased carboxylation efficiency and water-use efficiency at 40% field capacity.
Keywords: drought tolerance, field capacity, morphological changes, PBZ.
Pancyclicity of Hamiltonian graphs
Authors: Draganić Nemanja , Munhá Correia David , Sudakov Benny
Published: September 2024

An

n

-vertex graph is
Hamiltonian
if it contains a cycle that covers all of its vertices, and it is
pancyclic
if it contains cycles of all lengths from

3

up to

n

. In 1972, Erdős conjectured that every Hamiltonian graph with independence number at most

k

and at least

n = \Omega(k^{2})

vertices is pancyclic. We prove this old conjecture in a strong form by showing that if such a graph has

n = (2+o(1))k^{2}

vertices, it is already pancyclic, and this bound is asymptotically best possible.
On the Cauchy problem for logarithmic fractional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Carles Rémi , Dong Fangyuan
Published: September 2024

We consider the fractional Schrödinger equation with a logarithmic nonlinearity, when the power of the Laplacian is between zero and one. We prove global existence results in three different functional spaces: the Sobolev space corresponding to the quadratic form domain of the fractional Laplacian, the energy space, and a space contained in the operator domain of the fractional Laplacian. For this last case, a finite momentum assumption is made, and the key step consists in estimating the Lie commutator between the fractional Laplacian and the multiplication by a monomial.
Mesh Density and Geodesic Tortuosity in Planar Triangular Tesselations Devoted to Fracture Mechanics
Authors: Lhonneur Joffrey , Blal Nawfal , Monerie Yann
Published: September 2024

In fracture mechanics, the mesh sensitivity is a key issue. It is particularly true concerning cohesive volumetric finite element methods in which the crack path and the overall behavior are respectively influenced by the mesh topology and the mesh density. Poisson-Delaunay tessellations parameters, including the edge length distributions, were widely studied in the literature but very few works concern the mesh density and topology in Delaunay type meshes suitable for finite element simulations, which is of crucial interest for practical use. Starting from previous results concerning Poisson-Delaunay tessellations and studying in detail the Lloyd relaxation algorithm, we propose estimates for the probability density functions of the edge length and triangle top angles sets. These estimates depend both on the intensity of the underlying point process and on an efficiency index associated to the global quality of the mesh. The global and local accuracies of these estimates are checked for various standard mesh generators. Finally the mesh density and geodesic tortuosity are estimated for standard random or structured triangular meshes typically used in finite element simulations. These results provide practical formulas to estimate bias introduced by the mesh density and topology on the results of cohesive-volumetric finite element simulations.
On mathematical modelling of optimal control of typhoid fever with efficiency analysis
Authors: Lawal Fatimah , Yusuf Tunde , Abidemi Afeez
Published: September 2024

Typhoid fever is a fatal infectious disease that is endemic in most parts of the world, accounting for millions of cases and thousands of deaths from the disease annually. Despite several mathematical models for control of the disease, typhoid fever remains a threat, especially in Africa, South and Southeast Asia, South America and the Indian subcontinent, necessitating the need to propose an optimal control strategy for the transmission dynamics of typhoid fever. Thus, this research formulates an optimal control model for the transmission dynamics of typhoid fever by including a medically hygienic compartment in the model. To reduce the spread of the disease, the study incorporates environmental sanitation with personal hygiene practices and medical treatment as control strategies to examine their combined impact on typhoid fever prevention and control. The necessary conditions for the existence of the optimal solution to the formulated optimal control problem were derived based on Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. The resulting optimality system was then solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta-based scheme. Also, the finding simulation demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies in preventing the spread of the disease. In addition, an efficiency analysis was carried out to determine which combinations of the control strategies would be most effective in controlling the alarming spread of the disease. The findings from our study indicate that a combination of environmental sanitation with personal hygiene and treatment was the most efficient in controlling the spread of typhoid fever.
Extension of hesitant fuzzy weight geometric (HFWG)-VIKOR method under hesitant fuzzy information
Authors: Raza Rafiraza , Ab Ghani Ahmad Termimi , Abdullah Lazim
Published: September 2024

The hesitant fuzzy set (HFS) is an innovative approach to decision-making under uncertainty. This work is primarily concerned with the HFS decision matrix’s aggregated operation. The introduction of induced VIKOR procedures, various extensions of HFSs aggregation operator, and essential approaches for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) are presented. This technique uses the aggregation operator, the HFWG operator, to rank alternatives and identify the compromise solution closest to the ideal solution. In this research work, the hesitant fuzzy weight geometric[1]VIKOR (HFWG-VIKOR) model is a novel technique to achieve this. By combining the hesitant fuzzy elements, the HFWG aggregation operator creates aggregated values expressed as a single value. As per the scope of our research work, MCDM under hesitant fuzzy sets with the HFWG[1]VIKOR method has been used, and their result revealed the best alternative is to find out. These results indicate good potential for objectives. The multi-criteria problem is then solved using the combined HFWG-VIKOR technique, and the outcomes are presented in an easy-to-understand way owing to aggregation operators. The application of the HFWG-VIKOR technique is finally illustrated using a numerical example.
RESENHA CRÍTICA DA OBRA: “VÁRIAS FACES DA MATEMÁTICA: TÓPICOS PARA LICENCIATURA E LEITURA GERAL” DE GERALDO ÁVILA
Authors: Purificação Marcelo Máximo , Silva Ivone Antonia da , Guerra Avaetê de Lunetta e Rodrigues , Silva Renan Antônio da
Published: September 2024

A Matemática possibilita a comunicação, a interpretação, a previsão e a formulação de conjecturas. Ela confere objetividade à informação e converte-a em conhecimento embasado. As representações matemáticas, assim como todas as demais representações científicas, são construções sociais. Partindo desta discussão, esta resenha explora o livro “Várias faces da matemática: tópicos para licenciatura e leitura geral” de Geraldo Ávila. A obra se sobressai pela sua abordagem abrangente e acessível dos temas matemáticos, e tem como objetivo favorecer a disseminação do conhecimento, incentivando o interesse pela matemática.
Endoscopic visualization of the ileum mucosa in the early diagnosis of acute graft-versus-host response after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in children
Authors: Shubina Tatyana S. , Lokhmatov Maksim M. , Balashov Dmitriy N. , Abramov Dmitriy S. , Zakharov Ilya V.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a cell therapy method that is widely used in hematological malignancies, solid tumors, hemoglobinopathies, primary immunodeficiencies, and other congenital diseases. One of the serious complications after allo-HSCT is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Acute GVHD affects the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In this connection, endoscopic diagnosis acquires special importance in the comprehensive diagnosis of gastrointestinal GVHD. The aim of the work was to determine the relationship between the severity of the clinical course of acute GVHD, visualization of villous atrophy during ileocolonoscopy and morphological changes in the mucous membrane of the terminal ileum in children after allo-HSCT.
Materials and methods. There was conducted a retrospective study including forty eight 9 months–8 years patients who underwent allo-HSCT between 2020 and 2023. Depending on the presence and severity of atrophy. All 48 children were divided into four groups: group 1 included 18 (37.5%) patients with signs of pronounced atrophy according to endoscopy; group 2 included 6 (12.5%) children with mild villous atrophy; Group 3 included 7 (14.6%) patients without atrophy, but with signs of ileitis; group 4 was formed by 17 (35.4%) children without signs of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the terminal ileum. All subjects underwent ileocolonoscopy using Pentax high-resolution endoscopes (Japan), with a biopsy of the mucous membrane of the colon and ileum. Statistical data processing was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software.
Results. When comparing endoscopy data with the clinical picture, there was noted a tendency to identify a more severe degree of acute GVHD in children from groups 1 and 2 with endoscopic signs of villous atrophy. Acute grade 3 GVHD was diagnosed only in children with endoscopic signs of villous atrophy — in 16.7%. In the 3rd and 4th groups of patients, there was a tendency towards more frequent detection of acute GVHD grade 0, compared to children with signs of atrophy (25% versus 8.3%); however, the differences were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). According to histology, in the majority of patients in groups 1 and 2 (21 out of 24/87.5%), ileoscopy revealed “false” villous atrophy. In the 3rd group, not a single child showed signs of atrophy confirmed histologically, which was consistent with expectations. In 13 out of 17 (76.5%) patients of the 4th group, histological examination showed no pronounced signs of inflammation. In 3 (17.6%) children of the 4th group there were no morphological changes in the ileal mucosa.
Conclusion. The clinical significance of atrophy and the prognostic value of this criterion remain controversial, which indicates to the need for continued research in this area.
The incidence of fetal growth retardation: trends over the decade
Authors: Sevostyanova Olga Yu. , Chumarnaya Tatyana V. , Belomestnov Sergey R. , Ksenofontova Olga L.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Impaired fetal growth is a risk factor for the development of non-communicable diseases and pathological conditions in adolescents and adults. The incidence of newborn children with growth disorders and fetal malnutrition (GDFM) is a criterion for determining the health of future generations and clarifying the directions of prevention. Objective: to determine the incidence of GDFM in neonates in the city of Ekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region (SR) in comparison with national indicators in 2012–2022.
Materials and methods. A descriptive epidemiological study of the GDFM prevalence in newborns infants in the Sverdlovsk region (SR) and Ekaterinburg over 2012–2022 was conducted. To calculate the indices, we used Form No. 32 of the Federal Statistical Observation «Information on medical care for pregnant women, women in labour, and maternity hospitals». The incidence in newborns was calculated as the ratio of the number of sick newborns to the number of live births and expressed in promille (‰).
Results. The GDFM incidence in Ekaterinburg decreased by 1.83 times (p < 0.001), in SR — by 1.63 times (p = 0.01), in the Russian Federation — by 1.48 times (p = 0.171) in 2012–2022. In Ekaterinburg, the proportion of premature newborns with GDFM increased 2.87 times in 2019 (p = 0.02). This explains the concentration of high-risk pregnant and parturient women in institutions of the third group.
Conclusion. The positive trend in the GDFM incidence in newborns in Ekaterinburg, the Sverdlovsk region, and the Russian
Federation has been established.
Marriage Dispensation of Minors by Religious Courts in Relation to Women's Reproductive Health Rights
Authors: Thiari Syafutry Syifa , Mufidi Faiz , Nurhasanah Neneng
Published: September 2024

The high number of child marriage dispensation applications is still a social problem in Indonesia, especially in the context of reproductive health and child welfare. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the submission and decision of marriage dispensation and its implications for children's health and social life. The method used in this research is the Normative Juridical method, with analytical descriptive research specifications. Data were collected through literature studies and interviews using secondary data. Of the 190 dispensation applications, 147 were granted, 18 were rejected, 14 were revoked, 2 were annulled, and 6 are still in the trial process. The main reasons for dispensation applications included pregnancy before marriage, dropping out of school, parental concerns, and sexual relations outside marriage. The results showed that in deciding dispensations, judges considered aspects of mental health, social life, Islamic law, and reproductive health. Although the reproductive health aspect is considered important, in cases of pregnancy outside marriage, this consideration is often not a top priority because the child's reproductive organs are already functioning despite the health risks. The implication of this research is the importance of strategic steps from the government to handle child marriage dispensation through education, strengthening regulations, and cooperation between ministries and community organizations in protecting children's reproductive health rights. In addition, religious courts are expected to consider health, mental, social, and economic aspects thoroughly and provide guidance related to reproductive health risks. Courts are also expected to improve documentation of decision publications to support further research.
MUSRENBANG: COLLABORATION BETWEEN VILLAGE GOVERNMENT AND STAKEHOLDERS TO OPTIMIZE VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Hindratma Deffy May , Suryati Iis , Hendrawan Ruli , Khumayah Siti , Wulandari Sri
Published: September 2024

Regional Development is a National Priority (PN) in 2024 which aims to reduce inequality and ensure equity. One of the important stages in regional development is the Village Development Planning Conference (Musrenbang) which aims to prepare a development plan in a but-up and participatory manner by involving various stakeholders in the village. The purpose of this study is to analyze the collaboration between the Village Government and stakeholders in the Village Musrenbang by referring to the collaboration framework from Thomson and Perry. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques from observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that collaboration between the Village Government and stakeholders in the Village in Kuningan Regency is optimal in all dimensions of collaboration presented by Thompson and Perry. Other findings from the study show that collaboration in planning can increase public trust in the Government and can encourage innovation in Village Development. The things that are lacking in the implementation of the Village Musrenbang in Kuningan Regency are the absence of special regulations from the Regional Government related to collaboration between the Village Government and stakeholders, there is still egocentric between the Executive and the Legislature regarding the proposed activities to be realized and the problem of budget limitations to accommodate all proposals in the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD).
APPLICATION OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING LEARNING MODEL WITH MEDIA MIND MAPPING TO INCREASE ACTIVE PARTICIPATION AND LEARNING OUTCOMES OF STUDENTS IN PPKN SUBJECTS
Authors: Rochman Inayah Af’idatul , Murdiono Mukhamad
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine whether using the project-based learning model with mind mapping media can increase students' active participation and learning outcomes in class X D at Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Pandanaran Yogyakarta. The study's findings suggest that using the Project-based Learning Media Mind Mapping Learning Model can raise students' levels of active engagement and learner learning outcomes. The results of the study also suggest that the use of the project based learning media mind mapping learning model can improve students' cognitive and psychomotor learning outcomes both individually and in groups. Specifically, the study contributes to the growing body of educational research by exploring how these combined methods can improve student engagement and academic performance in a high school setting, providing valuable insights for educators looking to adopt innovative teaching strategies in similar educational contexts.
REFORMULATION OF THE MONEY POLITICS PROHIBITION NORM TO ACHIEVE DEMOCRATIC REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONSI IN INDONESIA
Authors: Simanjuntak Nelson , Pieris John , Siahaan Chontina , Hardjono Hardjono
Published: September 2024

This study is aimed at determining whether the implementation of the norm prohibiting money politics in Indonesia has been enforced in accordance with existing laws and regulations, and why they have not succeeded in curbing the practice of money politics. This study uses a normative legal research method or doctrinal legal research, supported by empirical research, with a statutory approach and case studies. The study uses secondary data obtained from the literature, including official documents, books, research results in the form of reports, and other forms of data. The results of this study reveal that the very limited time limit, namely 5 working days at Bawaslu to obtain two pieces of evidence and 14 days for the police to conduct an investigation, is the main factor in the low performance of law enforcement for money politics, and the failure of the application of administrative sanctions against candidates who are proven guilty of violating the prohibition on political money in a TSM manner.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Daun Anting-Anting (Achalipha indica. l) Dalam Ransum Terhadap Konsumsi Dan Kecernaan Kalsium Dan Fosfor Ternak Babi
Authors: Dalle Nautus Stivano , Nguru David Agustinus , Berek Christalia , Tukan Hendrikus Demon , Nugraha Elisabeth Yulia
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out how to use Earring Leaf Flour for basal diet for intake and digestibility of Calcium and Phosphor on pigs . The materials used were 12 male pigs of Landrace breeding which received 1-2 months with initial body weight of 30-50 kg, an average of 37.92 kg and (KV = 13,66%). This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 preparations and 3 replications. The treatment tried was R0: 100% basal diet without leaves Earring (control), R1: 98% basal diet + 2% leaf Earring, R2: 96% basal diet + 4% leaf Earring, R3: basal diet 94% + 6% leaf earrings. The variables consumed were intake and digestibility of Calcium and Phosphor. The results showed that the study was not significant (P> 0.05) for intake and digestibility of calcium, and phosphor. Conclusion is the use of leaves Earrings up to 6% give a relatively similar response to the intake and digestibility of Calcium and Phosphor.
Inokulasi Aspergillus Niger, Trichoderma Viride, dan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae pada Manure Layer dalam Produksi Protein Sel Tunggal untuk Pakan Ternak
Authors: Ramaiyulis Ramaiyulis , Fajar Muhammad , Salvia Salvia
Published: September 2024

Protein sel tunggal merupakan salah satu bahan sumber protein yang berasal dari mikroba dan dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan bahan pakan protein yang mahal.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui inokulasi Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, dan  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  pada manure layer dalam produksi protein sel tunggal untuk pakan ternak. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuandan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan A (Trichoderma viride + Saccharomyces cerevisiae), B (Aspergillus niger + Saccharomyces cerevisiae), C ( Trichoderma viride + Aspergillus niger + Saccharomyces cerevisiae ), D (Aspergillus niger + Trichoderma viride + Saccharomyces cerevisiae).  Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah kandungan bahan kering, kandungan protein kasar, dan produksi protein sel tunggal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan persentase kandungan bahan kering berkisar 44,43% - 61,77%. Persentase kandungan protein kasar berkisar 17,33 – 21,68%. Produksi protein sel tunggal berkisar 754 (mg/ml) – 1.608 (mg/ml). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan inokulasi Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, dan  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  pada manure layer berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kandungan bahan kering, kandungan protein kasar, dan produksi protein sel tunggal.
Efek Lama Fermentasi Air Nira dan Interval Hari Pemberian Sebagai Antibakteri, Kecernaan Protein Kasar dan Toksisitas terhadap Broiler
Authors: Mutiara Septin , Ramaiyulis Ramaiyulis , Salvia Salvia
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fermentasi air nira terhadap kemampuan daya hambat bakteri Escherichia coli pada broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah perlakuan lama fermentasi (4 perlakuan) dan faktor kedua adalah interval hari pemberian (3 perlakuan). Setiap perlakuan memiliki 3 ulangan, dimana setiap ulangan terdiri dari 5 ekor. Empat perlakuan faktor A tersebut adalah: A1 (fermentasi air nira selama 1 hari), A2 (fermentasi air nira selama 3 hari ), A3 (fermentasi air nira selama 5 hari  )dan 3 perlakuan faktor B tersebut adalah: B0 (pemberian setiap hari), B1 (pemberian selang 2 hari), B2 (pemberian selang 3 hari). Parameter yang diukur adalah kemampuan daya hambat bakteri E-coli, dampak toksisitas dari pemberian fermentasi air nira terhadap broiler dan kecernaan protein kasar broiler. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penambahan fermentasi air nira dengan interval hari pemberian memiliki daya hambat sedang terhadap bakteri eschericia coli dan tidak memiliki dampak toksik terhadap broiler serta berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kecernaan broiler.
Evaluating the role of technology in disseminating education to patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Tay Hui Boon , Seow Terina Ying Ying , Lee Chun Fan , Yeoh Lee Ying
Published: September 2024

The optimal management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires lifestyle changes and adherence to long-term medications. Knowledge is a component of health literacy and is needed for self-management. Limited health literacy can lead to negative outcomes, such as adverse clinical events and mortality.1