bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Optimization of 4-Anilinoquinolines as Inhibitors of Cyclin G Associated Kinase
Authors: Asquith Christopher R. M. , Laitinen Tuomo , Bennett James M. , Godoi Paulo H. , Tizzard Graham J. , Elkins Jonathan M. , Willson Timothy M. , Zuercher William J.
Published: March 2017

4-Anilinoquinolines were identified as potent and narrow spectrum inhibitors of the cyclin G associated kinase (GAK), an important regulator of viral and bacterial entry into host cells. Optimization of the 4-anilino group and the 6,7-quinoline substituents produced GAK inhibitors with nanomolar activity and over 50,000-fold selectivity relative to other members of the numb-associated kinase (NAK) sub-family. These compounds may be useful tools to explore the therapeutic potential of GAK in prevention of a broad range of infectious diseases.
Genome-wide Segregation of Single Nucleotide and Structural Variants into Single Cancer Cells
Authors: Easton John , Gonzalez Pena Veronica , Yergeau Donald , Ma Xiaotu , Gawad Charles
Published: March 2017

We present a new approach for determining comprehensive variant profiles of single cells using a microfluidic amplicon-based strategy. This method can be used to reconstruct the clonal architecture and mutational history of a malignancy using all classes and sizes of single nucleotide and structural variants, providing insights into the temporal changes in mutational classes and processes that led to the development of a cancer. Using this approach, we interrogated single cells from a patient with leukemia, determining that processes producing structural variation preceded single nucleotides changes in the development of that malignancy.
No back seat for a progression event—K-RAS as a therapeutic target in CRC
Authors: Poulin Emily J. , Haigis Kevin M.
Published: March 2017

KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancer and plays a central, although poorly understood, role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. In this issue of Genes & Development, Boutin and colleagues (pp. 370–382) present a new mouse model of CRC in which the expression of oncogenic K-RAS is regulated by doxycycline. Using this model, they demonstrate that continued expression of oncogenic K-RAS is required for the survival of primary and metastatic colon cancers and that oncogenic K-RAS activates TGF-β signaling to promote tumor invasion and metastasis.
Evaluating food safety risk messages in popular cookbooks
Authors: Levine Katrina , Chaifetz Ashley , Chapman Benjamin
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Medeiros et al. (2001) estimate 3.5 million cases of foodborne illness in the USA annually are associated with inadequate cooking of animal foods or cross-contamination from these foods. Past research shows home food handling practices can be risk factors for foodborne illness. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the communication of food safety guidance, specifically safe endpoint temperatures and cross-contamination risk reduction practices, in popular cookbook recipes.

Design/methodology/approach

Recipes containing raw animal ingredients in 29 popular cookbooks were evaluated through content analysis for messages related to safe endpoint temperature recommendations and reducing cross-contamination risks.

Findings

Of 1,749 recipes meeting study criteria of cooking raw animal ingredients, 1,497 contained a raw animal that could effectively be measured with a digital thermometer. Only 123 (8.2 percent) of these recipes included an endpoint temperature, of which 89 (72.3 percent) gave a correct temperature. Neutral and positive food safety behavior messages were provided in just 7.2 percent (n=126) and 5.1 percent (n=90) of recipes, respectively. When endpoint temperatures were not included, authors often provided subjective and risky recommendations.

Research limitations/implications

Further research is needed on the effect of these results on consumer behavior and to develop interventions for writing recipes with better food safety guidance.

Practical implications

Including correct food safety guidance in cookbooks may increase the potential of reducing the risk of foodborne illness.

Originality/value

Popular cookbooks are an underutilized avenue for communicating safe food handling practices and currently cookbook authors are risk amplifiers.
An evaluation tool for measuring food skills acquisition
Authors: Fordyce-Voorham Sandra
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to design an objective, valid and reliable “Checklist” tool that teachers could use to measure their students’ food skills acquisition.

Design/methodology/approach

The design of the Checklist was based on 18 procedural food skills identified by teachers and verified by analysis of skills in recipes that are typically used in food education programmes in secondary schools. The skills were divided into five skill-sets and a recipe covering the skills was selected to test the Checklist. For the test, three hypothetical situations of a person with low, some and expert skills making the recipe were demonstrated in separate videos. Teachers were invited to test the Checklist by viewing the videos, completing the Checklist for each of the three conditions and completing an evaluation.

Findings

In total, 40 home economics teachers tested the Checklist and reported that they could use the tool to measure the development and progress of their students’ procedural food skills. Analysis of variance analyses of the data and the non-parametric analyses suggest that the Checklist is a reliable and valid evaluation tool.

Originality/value

Teachers report using various tools to measure their students’ food skills acquisition but these have not been well-documented in the literature. These preliminary findings of an original and quantifiable tool showed that home economics teachers used the Checklist to measure their students’ procedural skills however, as the teachers’ comments suggest, further development and validation of the tool are required.
Older adults’ cooking trajectories: shifting skills and strategies
Authors: Bostic Stephanie Marie , McClain Amanda C.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore how the cooking experiences of older adults living in the USA contributed to cooking skill development and cooking practices over their life course.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 17 adults aged 60 and older living in two rural counties, who prepared at least three basic meals per week, were purposefully recruited to represent different living situations, perceived income level, and education level. Two retrospective in-depth interviews with each person collected biographical cooking narratives, analyzed using a life course perspective. Life course perspective concepts and emergent themes were identified. Timelines for each participant were prepared.

Findings

All participants expressed interest and pleasure in eating but they described different patterns of skills, behaviors, and feelings regarding cooking. Four cooking trajectories emerged: resilient, expanding, contracting interest, and contracting capability. Cooking skills evolved for some only during older adulthood, and supported both contracting and expanding food preparation. When cooking declined, it decreased due to shifts in personal priorities or in physical capability to carry out cooking tasks.

Practical implications

Recognizing the different patterns of cooking trajectories may help health care providers and the food industry better serve the diverse nutritional needs of older adults, including those not traditionally served: individuals who are actively seeking information as they increase their cooking and those who are avoiding cooking due to lack of interest.

Originality/value

Trajectories are a useful tool for analyzing skills and practices over time, which can facilitate understanding of food choice activities. Trajectories have not been previously used to explicitly examine cooking skills.
Comparative advantages of school and workplace environment in skill acquisition
Authors: Bolli Thomas , Renold Ursula
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the questions as to how important skills are; which skills can best be learned at school, and which skills can be acquired better in the workplace.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors exploit data from a survey among professional tertiary education and training business administration students and their employers in Switzerland.

Findings

The authors find that skills used in the business processes strategic management, human resource management, organizational design, and project management are most suitable to be taught in school. However, the results further suggest that soft skills can be acquired more effectively in the workplace than at school. The only exceptions are analytical thinking, joy of learning and organizational soft skills, for which school and workplace are similarly suitable.

Practical implications

The paper provides empirical evidence regarding the optimal choice of the learning place for both human resource managers as well as educational decision makers who aim to combine education and training, e.g. in an apprenticeship.

Originality/value

Little evidence regarding the optimal learning place exists.
Developing radically new meanings through the collaboration with radical circles
Authors: Altuna Naiara , Dell’Era Claudio , Landoni Paolo , Verganti Roberto
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The importance and complexity of proposing radically new meanings are well-established in the literature. However, a limited number of contributions have analyzed how they can be developed. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the development of radically new meanings at the basis of the Slow Food movement to contribute to the topic.

Design/methodology/approach

In order to better understand how social movements can propose radically new meanings and how companies can take inspiration and build a competitive advantage by leveraging the proposed meanings, the authors deeply analyzed the genealogy of Slow Food, interpreted as an inspiring case study; the authors adopt a narrative approach.

Findings

The analysis of how Slow Food emerged and evolved into an international movement reveals an alternative way to develop innovative meanings in collaboration with groups of radicals. The authors identify three main phases in the evolution of innovative meanings: generation, institutionalization and development.

Practical implications

In terms of managerial implications the authors contribute highlighting the importance of a new type of collaborative innovation: the collaboration with radical circles and social movements in their early stage.

Social implications

From a societal point of view, if the authors acknowledge the importance of social movements in contesting and actively changing institutions, the authors can see the importance for policy makers to create loci and opportunities for the emergence of radical circles and their experimentations.

Originality/value

The authors propose that new meanings are frequently the result of small groups of individuals gathering in radical circles. The core attribute of such circles is group validation. The group supports the Slow Food leader in refining the meaning and confronting the dominant paradigm.
Inter-organizational learning within an institutional knowledge network
Authors: Eiriz Vasco , Gonçalves Miguel , Areias João S.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the interaction process between organizations of a knowledge network as a means to promote learning. In particular, the authors aim to answer the following research questions: how do dyadic and network relationships contribute to inter-organizational creation and transfer of knowledge? More specifically, which joint activities between organizations facilitate inter-organizational learning within a knowledge network? That is, the authors are interested in the relationship processes for inter-organisational learning, aiming to identify and understand the joint activities through which organizations within an institutional network generate and transfer knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach

Aiming at studying how six institutional actors generate and transfer knowledge, the existing dyadic relationships between a focal actor (a technological center of the textile and clothing industry – CITEVE) and each one of the other five institutional actors were studied. In the study of this knowledge network the authors analyzed several documental sources and carried out 19 interviews.

Findings

This study shows how dyadic and network relationships contribute to inter-organisational creation and transfer of knowledge. It assesses several joint activities through which organizations in the studied network learn with each other and compares the five dyadic relationships in terms of their distinctive features. Through the cooperative effort based on joint activities between actors, the studied network generates complementary and multidisciplinary knowledge aiming to promote network learning of the studied organizations. Management implications and suggestions for further research on network learning are discussed.

Originality/value

This paper adds to the literature on network learning and management by empirically illustrating how a network of organizations in a given industry contributes to knowledge generation. It is an original contribution because, first, it allows a better understanding of how organizations of a knowledge network interact and contribute for network learning. In particular, the paper identifies a large number of joint activities for inter-organizational learning in the context of a traditional industry. Second, the research shows empirically how such interaction and learning occur in practice within a network context that comprises only institutional actors.
A mapping for managers: open innovation for R&D intensive SMEs in the life sciences sector
Authors: Marangos Stefanos , Warren Lorraine
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine what strategies the CEOs of research and development (R&D) intensive small/medium enterprises (SMEs) in the life sciences sector carry out in regard to open innovation (OI), as R&D costs continue to rise, placing pressure on innovation managers.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative study was carried out, consisting of 30 semi-structured interviews with CEOs of small R&D intensive SMEs in the life sciences sector. The authors analysed the key factors identified by the CEOs in relation to their OI strategies.

Findings

SMEs adopt a range of OI strategies and collaborations, subject to certain conditions. A multilevel mapping developed from the analysis connects actors to the wider domain, setting the outcomes of the research in context.

Research limitations/implications

This qualitative study provides detailed understandings that could provide the basis for a wider quantitative study that would provide greater coverage of the sector, thus reinforcing the outcomes.

Practical implications

The study will be relevant to practising CEOs who are considering the range of options offered by OI.

Originality/value

While large firms are adopting OI strategies, less is known about the OI strategies developed in SMEs. The study addresses that gap. The life sciences context is also novel.
Training and development
Authors: Rowland Caroline Ann , Hall Roger David , Altarawneh Ikhlas
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between organizational strategy, performance management and training and development in the context of the Jordanian banking sector.

Design/methodology/approach

Models of strategic human resource management developed in the west are considered for their relevance in Jordan. A mixed methods approach is adopted employing interviews with senior managers and training and development managers, employee questionnaires and documentary analysis. It examines all banks in Jordan including foreign and Islamic banks.

Findings

Findings indicate that training and development is not driven by human resource strategy and that it is reactive rather than proactive. Training and development does improve skills, knowledge, attitudes and behaviors but there is little evidence that it increases commitment and satisfaction nor that it contributes to strategic aims in any significant way. The linkages between strategy and training and development are not explicit and strategies are not interpreted through performance management systems. Consequently there is a lack of integration in organizational HR systems and the measurable contribution of training and development to competitive advantage is minimal

Practical implications

The paper offers suggestions as to how greater integration between strategy, performance management and training and development might be achieved in the Jordanian context.

Originality/value

This paper is the first detailed empirical study of training and development in Jordan to include considerations of transferability of western models to an Arab culture.
Investigating the impact of donor funding: a case study on Lebanon
Authors: Saleh Ali Salman , Harvie Charles
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a macroeconomic framework to predict the impact of transient donor funding on a developing economy and to facilitate evaluation of the effectiveness of alternative uses of this funding in attaining the desired outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

A simulation analysis of the macroeconomic impact of donor funding on the Lebanese economy is conducted.

Findings

The paper evaluates the potential outcomes for the country from alternative uses of this donor funding and concludes that targeting infrastructure expenditure, mediated through the government, will produce the most beneficial longer term outcomes.

Originality/value

This paper is the first substantive macro model to be developed for the Lebanese economy. It is the first major study of the contribution of donor funding to the Lebanese macro-economy. The framework, however, can be generalised to other developing donor recipient nations.
The establishment of carbon trading market in People’s Republic of China
Authors: Nai Peng , Luo Yuqing , Yang Guang
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This study aims to propose a set of institutional frameworks, as well as practical polices and steps, with a view to facilitating the establishment of a unified carbon trading market in China.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on existing empirical studies and reviews of the socioeconomic contexts, this study followed a qualitative approach consisting of secondary data collection and analysis, semi-structured interviews to collect primary data and comparative analysis.

Findings

The establishment of a national carbon trading market in China is a systemic and complex process which requires coordination among various concerned government agencies and supporting mechanisms. Currently, the development of a unified national carbon market has been impeded by the lack of coordination among local pilot programs, and there is no specific law passed by the People’s Congress or by its Standing Committee to regulate the emerging carbon trading market. It is of vital importance for China, in terms of both practical and strategic aspects, to take a gradualist approach in establishing laws and institutions to guide and support the development of its emerging carbon market.

Research limitations/implications

This present study forms a part of a regional research project aiming to identify sound policy approaches for the establishment of a carbon trading market in China. Due to scope reasons, it focuses only on policy analysis and recommendations.

Originality/value

China’s emerging national carbon trading market has attracted much research attention. However, little has been done from the perspectives of legislations and policies.
The vulnerability of shrimp farming income to climate change events
Authors: Quach An Van , Murray Frank , Morrison-Saunders Angus
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate shrimp income losses of farmers in the four farming systems in the research areas of Ca Mau, Vietnam, and determine the vulnerability of shrimp farming income to climate change events.

Design/methodology/approach

Field research interviews were conducted with 100 randomly selected households across the four farming systems to access shrimp income status and vulnerability levels to climate change events. Four focus groups, each aligned to a particular farming system, were surveyed to categorise likelihood and consequences of climate change effects based on a risk matrix worksheet to derive levels of risk, adaptive capacity and vulnerability levels.

Findings

Shrimp farmers in the study areas have been facing shrimp income reduction recently and shrimp farming income is vulnerable to climate change events. There are some differences between farmers’ perspectives on vulnerability levels, but some linkages are evident among shrimp farmer characteristics, ramifications for each farming system, shrimp income losses and shrimp farmers’ perspectives on vulnerability levels of shrimp incomes. From an income perspective, farmers operating in intensive shrimp farming systems appear to be less vulnerable to existing and expected climate change effects relative to those in mixed production or lower density systems.

Originality/value

Having identified the vulnerability level of shrimp farming income to climate change events in different farming systems based on shrimp farmers’ perspectives, the paper adds new knowledge to existing research on vulnerability of the aquaculture sector to climate change. The research findings have implications for policymakers who may choose to encourage intensive shrimp farming to enhance shrimp farmer resilience to the effects of climate change as well as improving cultivation techniques for shrimp farmers. The findings could thus guide local government decision-making on climate change responses and residents of Ca Mau as well as within the wider Mekong Delta in developing suitable practical adaption measures.
Climate change-related non-economic loss and damage in Bangladesh and Japan
Authors: Chiba Yohei , Shaw Rajib , Prabhakar Sivapuram
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to assess climate change-related non-economic loss and damage (NELD) through case studies of Bangladesh and Japan, evaluate how NELD are addressed in these countries and provide the ways forward for further improvement.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper reviewed the literature to examine NELD and looked into currently available methodologies and their limitations. It reviewed governmental disaster reports and plans and interviewed with communities to understand NELD in each country’s context.

Findings

This paper indicates that NELDs are not sufficiently reported in the countries studied. Underestimation of NELD may lead to limited outcomes in disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA). NELD should be measured and integrated into decision-making, through capacity-building from local to national level.

Research limitations/implications

This paper is based on the literature review and stakeholder consultations in the study countries. The results are specific to these countries. Readers may find them applicable to other country situations.

Practical implications

NELD-related information is directly relevant for preparing countries to achieve their sustainable development, CCA and DRR objectives as suggested by the recent international frameworks such as sustainable development goals (SDGs), Paris Agreement and Sendai Framework for DRR.

Social implications

This paper identifies several NELD indicators related to societal well-being in the study countries and beyond, and addressing them will have positive impact on the society.

Originality/value

Addressing NELD is a recent topic under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and nothing much has been done on how countries can address NELD in their developmental, CCA and DRR approaches. This paper identifies the importance of integrating NELD into decision-making and the ways forward to researchers, governments and policymakers for addressing NELD.
House price overvaluation in Hong Kong
Authors: Arestis Philip , Gonzalez-Martinez Ana Rosa , Jia Lu-kui
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, the authors investigate the main drivers of house prices in the Hong Kong housing market. Second, further research is undertaken to confirm the existence of house price overvaluation, which has driven the market into a bubble episode.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the authors propose a theoretical framework to identify the fundamentals of the market. In the second step, they decompose house prices into fundamentals, frictions and bubble episodes for a better understanding of the evolution of house prices during the period 1996(Q3)-2013(Q3).

Findings

The results of this paper suggest an eventual possible correction of up to 46 per cent of house prices with respect to their 2013(Q3) level.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper is to use the procedure developed by Glindro and Delloro (2010) to analyse the Hong Kong housing market. The contribution of this paper also modifies the original Glindro and Delloro’s (2010) approach by including the Christiano and Fitzgerald (2003) filter to decompose house prices.
Institutional investors, monitoring and corporate finance policies
Authors: Cleary W. Sean , Wang Jun
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of institutional investors’ investment horizons (IIIH) on a wide variety of key corporate policies.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors perform regression analysis to a panel data set of quarterly financial statement data for US firms over the 1981-2014 using several measures of IIIH.

Findings

The authors argue that an increase in the presence of long-term investors contributes to more effective monitoring and information quality. This results in a reduction in agency costs and informational asymmetry problems for firms that are more heavily influenced by long-term investors, which in turn influences the corporate policies they pursue. Consistent with these arguments, the evidence suggests that firms with a greater long-term institutional investor base maintain lower investment outlays, higher dividend payments, lower levels of cash and higher levels of leverage. All results hold after controlling for potential endogeneity issues.

Originality/value

The authors show that a greater presence of long-term institutional investors leads to higher dividends, lower investment outlays, lower cash holdings and higher leverage. The comprehensive nature of the predictions with respect to overall corporate finance policies and the supporting evidence provided represents an important contribution, as previous studies have tended to focus on one specific area of corporate behavior (i.e. such as cash holdings).
Research on capital structure determinants: a review and future directions
Authors: Kumar Satish , Colombage Sisira , Rao Purnima
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the status of studies on capital structure determinants in the past 40 years. This paper highlights the major gaps in the literature on determinants of capital structure and also aims to raise specific questions for future research.

Design/methodology/approach

The prominence of research is assessed by studying the year of publication and region, level of economic development, firm size, data collection methods, data analysis techniques and theoretical models of capital structure from the selected papers. The review is based on 167 papers published from 1972 to 2013 in various peer-reviewed journals. The relationship of determinants of capital structure is analyzed with the help of meta-analysis.

Findings

Major findings show an increase of interest in research on determinants of capital structure of the firms located in emerging markets. However, it is observed that these regions are still under-examined which provides more scope for research both empirical and survey-based studies. Majority of research studies are conducted on large-sized firms by using secondary data and regression-based models for the analysis, whereas studies on small-sized firms are very meager. As majority of the research papers are written only at the organizational level, the impact of leverage on various industries is yet to be examined. The review highlights the major determinants of capital structure and their relationship with leverage. It also reveals the dominance of pecking order theory in explaining capital structure of firms theoretically as well as statistically.

Originality/value

The paper covers a considerable period of time (1972-2013). Among very few review papers on capital structure research, to the best of authors’ knowledge; this is the first review to identify what is missing in the literature on the determinants of capital structure while offering recommendations for future studies. It also synthesize the findings of empirical studies on determinants of capital structure statistically.
Coming home to the arts: theatre with military veterans and families
Authors: O’Connor Alison
Published: March 2017

Purpose

A significant number of military veterans and family members are living with post-traumatic stress, unmet mental health needs and isolation. There is growing interest in the potential of theatre and the expressive arts as a positive intervention with this population. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Coming Home programme which aims to create opportunities for military veterans and families to develop an ongoing engagement with the arts and through that engagement to access new ways of regulating and expressing complex emotions.

Design/methodology/approach

This case study shares reflections from Re-Live’s current theatre programme, Coming Home. The programme methodology uses reflective writing, theatre and choral singing to develop participants wellbeing and reduce isolation.

Findings

Initial feedback suggests that this programme has significant potential as a way of reconnecting veterans and families with their community and improving their wellbeing. The emotional release of group singing and performing together has been powerful. Participants report that the Coming Home programme is connecting them with parts of themselves they thought had gone forever: humour, spontaneity, fun – and having a positive impact on their wellbeing.

Originality/value

This case study contributes to the literature from the exciting and emerging field of the use of the creative arts with military veterans and families.
“Have you heard the one about…” using comedy to tackle mental health-related stigma with UK military personnel?
Authors: Twardzicki Maya , Jones Norman
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide first-hand reflections from a public mental health specialist, on developing an innovative comedy-based arts and health project that engaged with UK military personnel.

Design/methodology/approach

Project partners included the Academic Department of Military Mental Health at King’s College London and Army Headquarters. The project used a repeat measures design. The intervention group (IG) received a mental health-focussed comedy show and the control group received a standard comedy show. Serving Armed Forces personnel participated in focus groups to inform show scripts, which also contained key mental health messages agreed by the project team. Evaluation questionnaires were given out before and after the show and three months later.

Findings

The comedy show format proved to be an acceptable/popular way to present mental health-related messages. Post-show there was a statistically significant reduction in mental health stigmatisation and significantly better mental health and stigma-related knowledge in the IG.

Research limitations/implications

Due to deployment, follow-up participation was limited, reducing the ability to assess whether the effects were durable.

Practical implications

The challenges of working with serving personnel are outlined and some recommendations made to improve future comedy interventions/research with this group.

Originality/value

This study provides a thorough evaluation of an arts and health intervention using a comprehensive survey methodology.
A sense of betrayal
Authors: Stewart Mo
Published: March 2017

Purpose

No civilian has any comprehension of life in British military forces, or the impact of the removal of that life when unexpectedly returned to “Civvy Street” following the onset of a permanent illness or profound disability, with the gradual realisation that support in the civilian world means that a disabled veteran is just one of a crowd. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

Participant observation.

Findings

Welfare reforms together with austerity measures introduced by the British government are causing preventable harm to the most vulnerable in society.

Research limitations/implications

This paper was written by invitation and is limited by word length.

Practical implications

Older working-age disabled veterans are being abandoned by the state and suffer due to a change in government social policy.

Social implications

Disregarding the suffering and preventable harm created in society by the ongoing welfare reforms will have consequences that will need to be addressed as a matter of urgency, as the often tragic consequences are eventually alerted to the public.

Originality/value

A demonstration that the older working-age disabled veterans are being harmed by welfare reforms and the armed forces covenant has been breached.
Military veterans’ experiences of NHS mental health services
Authors: Fraser Edward
Published: March 2017

Purpose

A significant minority of veterans have poor mental health outcomes but their needs are not always well managed by the NHS. The purpose of this paper is to explore veterans’ experiences of NHS mental healthcare in Norfolk and Suffolk to identify ways of improving services.

Design/methodology/approach

Interviews were conducted with 30 veterans. Template analysis was undertaken to explore key themes in the interview transcripts.

Findings

Participants were reluctant to seek help but were more likely to engage with a veteran-specific service. Those whose symptoms were military related reported better experiences when accessing treatment that was military sensitive.

Research limitations/implications

This was a local study and the findings do not necessarily reflect the views of the wider veteran community. Most participants who received military sensitive treatment were referred to the study by NHS providers, which could account for their positive feedback.

Social implications

The development of dedicated mental health services may encourage more veterans to seek support, helping to improve patient outcomes. There is a need for further research to determine the effectiveness of dedicated services and identify how they should be deployed.

Originality/value

Where academic interest has generally centred on the aetiology of mental health conditions within the military, this study focussed upon service user experience. The findings contributed to NHS England’s recent decision to extend its network of dedicated services in 12 areas of the country to cover veterans across England from April 2017.
Use and correlates of VHA tobacco cessation counseling services by veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Kelly Megan , Wang Shihwe , Rosenheck Robert
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have high lifetime rates of smoking and often have substantial difficulty quitting. However, relatively little research has focussed on the use of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) intensive tobacco cessation counseling services by veterans with PTSD and the characteristics of veterans with PTSD who do and do not use these services. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study is an analysis of national VHA administrative data fiscal year 2012 that identified utilization rates of VHA intensive tobacco cessation counseling among veterans with diagnoses of both PTSD and tobacco use disorder (TUD) (N=144,990) and the correlates of tobacco cessation counseling use.

Findings

Altogether, 7,921 veterans with PTSD diagnosed with TUD used VHA tobacco cessation services (5.5 percent). Veterans with PTSD who used tobacco cessation counseling services were more likely to have been homeless, to have a comorbid drug use disorder, and had used other VHA services more frequently than their counterparts who did not access tobacco cessation counseling. The use of outpatient mental health and substance use services was the strongest correlate of tobacco cessation counseling use by veterans in this sample. Notably, veterans with PTSD, TUD and HIV were more likely to engage in tobacco cessation services.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates that future efforts should focus on increasing provider and veteran awareness of and accessibility to VHA intensive tobacco cessation counseling for veterans with PTSD.
What drives smartwatch adoption intention? Comparing Apple and non-Apple watches
Authors: Hsiao Kuo-Lun
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this study is twofold. First, an integrated model will be developed based on task-technology fit, innovation diffusion theory and the new product adoption model in order to explore the factors that affect smartwatch adoption. Second, the differences in the factors that affect users’ intention to adopt the Apple Watch and other smartwatches will be examined.

Design/methodology/approach

The data for this study were collected via an online survey questionnaire. The responses of 341 potential adopters of smartwatches were used to test the hypotheses in the research model. The casual model was assessed using partial least squares techniques.

Findings

The model can account for more than 50 percent of the variance in adoption intention. The research results affirm prior findings that perceived product attributes have relatively strong influence on adoption intention. Among these attributes, relative advantage has the strongest effect. Moreover, this study revealed differences between the antecedents of Apple watches and those of non-Apple watches.

Practical implications

The insights provided by this study can help smartwatch providers formulate better growth strategies. The findings also provide some directions for further development.

Originality/value

This study provides a better understanding of how the factors in the theories influence the adoption intentions of Apple watches and non-Apple watches.
Library technology in the next 20 years
Authors: Buckland Michael Keeble
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the agenda for library technology for the next 20 years.

Design/methodology/approach

A long-term historically based analysis of the evolving roles of librarians and library technology, especially the catalog.

Findings

The rise of standardized cataloging codes, communications formats, bibliographical utilities, and software for online searching constitutes a great triumph in universal bibliographical access for everybody. But each reader is unique and no-one is “everybody” so a uniform service is not ideal for all. The ideal librarian knows both the collection and the readers. The catalog is a guide to the collection and a surrogate for the librarian. The librarian understands the readers. The development of library technology will remain significantly incomplete until the uniqueness of each reader is accommodated. Some ways to do that are noted.

Research limitations/implications

Research and development should focus on relating the uniqueness of individuals to the uniformity of services provided.

Practical implications

Strategic directions are indicated.

Originality/value

Provides a perspective on the development of library service in terms of changing relationships between technology and librarians.
Back plate electroplating for high aspect ratio processes
Authors: Marasso Simone Luigi , Benetto Simone , Para Isabella , Ottone Chiara , Mombello Domenico , Perrone Denis , Ferrero Sergio , Scaltrito Luciano , Pugliese Diego , Cocuzza Matteo , Pirri Fabrizio Candido
Published: March 2017

Purpose

In this process the electrical contact is brought to the backside of a standard silicon wafer. The details of the entire process are disclosed, from the photolithography processes to the electrodepositing step, and a model for electrical contact was designed.

Design/methodology/approach

The localized Cu growth of high aspect ratio (AR) microstructures was obtained through an SU-8 photolithography by exploiting the optimal adhesion on the silicon surface and the possibility of generating thick layers with a single spun process

Findings

The experimental results showed an unexpected behaviour that is theoretically explained in detail considering the energy band theory. The obtained geometries showed a remarkable 6:1 AR without any adhesion problem. The non-invasive front-side manipulation represents a noteworthy improvement and simplification for the design of a multi-step production process.

Originality/value

An alternative technological approach, called back plate electroplating, has been carried out to obtain Cu growth on the front side of a standard n-type Si wafer through a back side electrical contact. This technique was then applied to fabricate a master for hot-embossing in a LIGA (Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformung)-like process flow. For this purpose, an SU-8 thick mask on a standard n-doped wafer was used. Finally, by using this process, it was possible to obtain high AR Cu geometries, avoiding any complex designing and patterning of the contacts on the front side and thus ensuring good adhesion of the SU-8.
Impedance-based non-destructive evaluation of additively manufactured parts
Authors: Albakri Mohammad I. , Sturm Logan D. , Williams Christopher B. , Tarazaga Pablo A.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This work proposes the utilization of electromechanical impedance measurements as a means of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) for additive manufacturing (AM). The effectiveness and sensitivity of the technique for a variety of defect types commonly encountered in AM are investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

To evaluate the feasibility of impedance-based NDE for AM, the authors first designed and fabricated a suite of test specimens with build errors typical of AM processes, including dimensional inaccuracies, positional inaccuracies and internal porosity. Two polymer AM processes were investigated in this work: material jetting and extrusion. An impedance-based analysis was then conducted on all parts and utilized, in a supervised learning context, for identifying defective parts.

Findings

The newly proposed impedance-based NDE technique has been proven to be an effective solution for detecting several types of print defects. Specifically, it was shown that the technique is capable of detecting print defects resulting in mass change (as small as 1 per cent) and in feature displacement (as small as 1 mm) in both extruded nylon parts and jetted VeroWhitePlus parts. Internal porosity defects were also found to be detectable; however, the impact of this defect type on the measured impedance was not as profound as that of dimensional and positional inaccuracies.

Originality/value

Compared to currently available NDE techniques, the newly proposed impedance-based NDE is a functional-based technique with the advantages of being cost-effective, sensitive and suitable for inspecting AM parts of complex geometry and deeply embedded flaws. This technique has the potential to bridge the existing gaps in current NDE practices, hence paving the road for a wider adoption of AM to produce mission-critical parts.
Current state and potential of additive – hybrid manufacturing for metal parts
Authors: Strong Danielle , Sirichakwal Issariya , Manogharan Guha P. , Wakefield Thomas
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the extent to which traditional manufacturers are equipped and interested in participating in a hybrid manufacturing system which integrates traditional processes such as machining and grinding with additive manufacturing (AM) processes.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was conducted among traditional metal manufacturers to collect data and evaluate the ability of these manufacturers to provide hybrid – AM post-processing services in addition to their standard product offering (e.g. mass production).

Findings

The original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) surveyed have machine availability and an interest in adopting hybrid manufacturing to additionally offer post-processing services. Low volume parts which would be suitable for hybrid manufacturing are generally more profitable. Access to metal AM, process engineering time, tooling requirements and the need for quality control tools were equally identified as the major challenges for OEM participation in this evolving supply chain.

Practical implications

OEMs can use this research to determine if hybrid manufacturing is a possible fit for their industry using existing machine tools.

Originality/value

Survey data offer an unique insight into the readiness of metal manufacturers who play an integral role in the evolving hybrid supply chain ecosystem required for post-processing of AM metal parts. This study also suggests that establishing metal AM centers around OEMs as a shared resource to produce near-net AM parts would be beneficial.
Comparative assessment of process combination for Ti6Al4V components
Authors: Conradie Pieter Johannes Theron , Dimitrov Dimitri , Oosthuizen Gert Adriaan , Hugo Philip , Saxer Mike
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the combination of selective laser melting (SLM) and 5-axis CNC milling to produce parts from titanium powder. The aim is to achieve a more resource-efficient manufacturing process by reducing material wastage and machining time, while adhering to quality requirements.

Design/methodology/approach

A benchmark titanium aerospace component is manufactured with two different approaches using subtractive and additive manufacturing technologies. The first component is produced from a solid billet using only 5-axis CNC milling. The second component is grown from powder using SLM to produce a net-shaped part of which the final shape and part accuracy are achieved through 5-axis CNC milling. The potential saving of material and machining time of the process combination is evaluated by comparing it to the conventional purely CNC approach. The form accuracy, surface finish, mechanical properties and tool wear for the two processes are also compared.

Findings

The results show that the process combination can be used to produce Ti components that adhere to aerospace standards. With the process combination, a material saving of 87 per cent was achieved along with a reduction of 21 per cent in machining time. Further improvements are possible using optimized SLM build and machining strategies.

Originality/value

This paper presents the results of a resource efficiency assessment on the combination of SLM and 5-axis CNC milling for the titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V. It is expected that this process combination can make a significant contribution towards reducing material wastage and machining time for aerospace applications.