bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dimensão educativa da educação não escolar: tem sentido este debate?
Authors: Moura Eliana P. G. , Zucchetti Dinora Tereza
Published: May 2019

Este artigo trata de uma discussão teórica que aborda a dimensão educativa de práticas de educação não escolar, especialmente aquelas desenvolvidas em programas e projetos socioeducativos. Partindo do reconhecimento que tais práticas têm sua dimensão pedagógica e seus modos de saber fazer relativamente conhecidos, envida esforços no sentido de teorizar sobre o campo, admitindo, a priori, a existência de uma dimensão especificamente educativa da educação não escolar, tomando como referência as postulações teóricas de Boavida e Amado (2006). O texto encerra apresentando argumentos cuja elaboração original pretende trazer novos elementos ao debate no âmbito das teorias educacionais, contribuindo para o avanço do conhecimento científico.
Contextos de influências atuantes no desenvolvimento da profissionalidade e do profissionalismo dos professores
Authors: Gonçalves Crislainy De Lira , Almeida Lucinalva Andrade Ataide de
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho parte do entendimento de que a profissionalidade e o profissionalismo dos professores não se desenvolvem de forma homogênea, mas estão condicionados a diversos elementos que fazem parte de seus contextos pessoais, formativos e profissionais. Nesse sentido, objetivamos analisar os contextos que influenciam no desenvolvimento da profissionalidade e do profissionalismo dos professores. Nossas análises foram subsidiadas pela perspectiva teóricometodológica da análise do discurso (ORLANDI 2005; 2012) e do Ciclo de Políticas (BALL, 2011), e tiveram por foco relacionar elementos apontados pela literatura como sendo fundantes para o delineamento da profissionalidade e do profissionalismo dos sujeitos a partir de suas pessoalidades.
Bacterias endófitas de Capsicum frutescens antagónicas a Fusarium spp.
Authors: Velasco-Belalcázar Martha Lucia , Hernández-Medina Carlos Alberto , Gómez-López Eyder Daniel , Torres-González Celina , Caro-Hernández Paola Andrea
Published: May 2019

Introducción. En las últimas décadas se ha incrementado el interés por el cultivo de ají tabasco en Colombia, sin embargo, se han observado limitantes en la producción, debido a problemas fitosanitarios. Especies del género Fusarium ocasionan pudriciones de raíz y tallo con pérdidas cuantiosas para los agricultores, por lo cual es importante encontrar alternativas de manejo a la marchitez vascular ocasionada por Fusarium spp. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue aislar y caracterizar bacterias endófitas, con potencial antagónico in vitro frente a Fusarium spp., en plantas de ají tabasco (Capsicum frutescens var. Tabasco). Materiales y métodos. En el periodo entre febrero de 2014 a febrero de 2016, se evaluó la capacidad antagónica in vitro de 68 aislados bacterianos endófitos de tejido foliar C. frutescens, provenientes de dos municipios del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Las bacterias aisladas fueron enfrentadas a seis aislamientos patogénicos de Fusarium spp, mediante el método de crecimiento dual. Resultados. Cincuenta de los aislados bacterianos presentaron porcentajes de inhibición frente al menos un aislado de Fusarium y de estos, dieciséis presentaron porcentajes de inhibición por encima del 40 %. La morfología, perfil bioquímico y caracterización molecular, permitieron determinar que los aislados identificados como Bacillus subtillis y Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mostraron promedios de inhibición entre 62 y 89 %, altos con respecto a los reportados anteriormente en otros estudios. Además, se destacan como nuevos hallazgos de bacterias asociadas al tejido vegetal endófito de C. frutescens, en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia, a las especies Enterobacter cloacae, Microbacterium arborescens, y Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Conclusión. Estos resultados constituyen una fuente potencial para el manejo de patógenos y mejoramiento de la productividad en el ají tabasco en Colombia.
Effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculated on Canavalia ensiformis L. in Calcaric Histosol soils
Authors: Simó-González Jaime Enrique , Rivera-Espinosa Ramón , Ruiz-Martínez Luis Alberto , Díaz-Roche Geysi , Ruiz-Sánchez Michel
Published: May 2019

Introduction. In recent years, significant results have been obtained in Cuba in the joint management of efficient strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Canavalia ensiformis L., in different types of soils. However, there are no reports about the effectiveness of strains of AMF in Calcaric Histosol soils, which are highly represented in the central and eastern areas of the country. Objective. The objective of this research was to compare the effectiveness of four AMF strains inoculated in C. ensiformis seeds in in Calcaric Histosol soils. Materials and methods. Plants through seed coatings inoculated and a non-inoculated control were evaluated; C. ensiformis L. was used as plant host in a complete randomized design with four repetitions per treatment during two consecutive years. Sixty days after C. ensiformis seeding, the biomass production; N, P and K contents; percentage of total mycorrhizal colonization; and the reproduction of mycorrhizal spores were evaluated. Results. For all variables, there was a positive and differentiated response between the different strains, and the highest values (p≤0.05) were obtained with the inoculation of Rhizoglomus intraradices / INCAM-11. The high amounts of spores produced by the inoculation with R. intraradices / INCAM-11 were indicative of to the possibilities of using Jackbean as a way to introduce efficient strains in this edaphic condition. Conclusion. The results obtained allow to include Calcaric Histosol soils, with pH>7.5, in the group of soils in which R. intraradices / INCAM-11 behaves as an efficient strain.
Azotobacter chroococcum y Azospirillum lipoferum como bioestimulantes en cultivo de Ipomoea batatas Lam.
Authors: Sánchez-López Diana Beatriz , Pérez-Pazos Jazmín Vanessa , Luna-Castellanos Lily Lorena , García-Peña Joaquín Alfonso , Espitia-Montes Amaury Aroldo
Published: May 2019

Introducción. La utilización excesiva de fertilizantes nitrogenados en cultivos de batata contribuye con la contaminación de los ecosistemas, para disminuir este efecto y mejorar la productividad del cultivo, la incorporación, de rizobacterias promotoras de crecimiento vegetal (PGPRs, por sus siglas en inglés) en las estrategias de manejo del cultivo, constituyen una herramienta sostenible. Objetivo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue incorporar las cepas bacterianas Azotobacter chroococcum IBCR19 y Azospirillum lipoferum IBSC7 en la fertilización nitrogenada y evaluar su efecto en el rendimiento y composición bromatológica de las raíces tuberosas de batata (Ipomoea batatasLam). Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en el municipio de Corozal (Sucre, Colombia), durante los meses de junio a octubre del 2017. Se utilizó un área experimental de 840 m2, donde se establecieron veinticuatro parcelas con esquejes apicales de la accesión 15020078, distribuidas bajo un diseño completamente aleatorizado con arreglo factorial aumentado (3x2+2). Se evaluó materia seca radicular, rendimiento y composición bromatológica de las raíces de batata.Resultados. El rendimiento fresco y de materia seca radicular presentó diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) entre lostratamientos, en donde la aplicación de A. chroococcum IBCR19 y un 75 % de fertilización nitrogenada alcanzó los mayores valores medios de rendimiento y materia seca radicular 12,18 t.ha-1 y 2,92 t.ha-1, respectivamente. De igualforma, las concentraciones de proteína y extracto etéreo difirieron significativamente (p≤0,05) entre los tratamientosinoculados con relación al testigo absoluto. Conclusión. Con base en los resultados obtenidos se puede inferir que la inoculación con A. chroococcum IBCR19 logró reducir en un 25 % los niveles de fertilización nitrogenada y constituye una cepa promisoria como bioestimulante.
Extracción de apitoxina con un colector eléctrico en Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
Authors: Bucio-Villalobos Carlos Manuel , Martínez-Jaime Oscar Alejandro
Published: May 2019

Introducción. La toxina (apitoxina) producida por abejas (Apis mellifera), es un producto con expectativas importantes en la industria médica, debido al uso terapéutico en diversas enfermedades. Objetivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar el potencial de producción anual de apitoxina, recolectada mediante un equipo automatizado funcionando con impulsos eléctricos de 10 s de duración y un voltaje de 12 v. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron cinco colmenas de un apiario localizado en Irapuato, Guanajuato, México, donde se cosechó la apitoxina de agosto de 2016 a junio de 2017, a intervalos quincenales durante un lapso de 20 min por vez, y se suspendió la colecta en aquellos periodos con flujos abundantes de néctar, con la finalidad de no afectar la producción de miel. Resultados. De acuerdo con las condiciones en las que se desarrolló este estudio, el promedio (± desviación estándar) por cosecha con extracción quincenal fue de 52,41±13,83 mg.colmena-1, producción que se incrementó a 62,48±1,37 mg.colmena-1, al considerar solo colonias con bajos niveles de infestación de Varroa destructor. Conclusión. La región apícola donde se desarrolló esta investigación presentó potencial para la producción de apitoxina, proponiéndose como un producto apícola adicional que permite incrementar la rentabilidad del apiario.
Estructura e impacto de la diversidad taxonómica en cacao del Soconusco, Chiapas, México
Authors: Suarez-Venero Gicli Manuel , Avendaño-Arrazate Carlos Hugo , Ruiz-Cruz Pablo Amin , Estrada-de-los-Santos Paulina
Published: May 2019

Introducción. El cultivo del cacao en México constituye un rubro exportable que garantiza la subsistencia de miles de familias. El estado de Chiapas es uno de los productores más importantes; sin embargo, aún los rendimientos son bajos, debido a diferentes factores que pueden ser minimizados con un adecuado diseño agroforestal que responda a los requerimientos del cultivo. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la estructura de la diversidad taxonómica en plantaciones de cacao y analizar su influencia sobre el cultivo en el Soconusco, Chiapas, México. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se efectuó durante los meses de enero a mayo del 2018, en trece municipios: Cacahoatán, Tuxtla Chico, Frontera Hidalgo, Metapa, Suchiate, Tapachula, Huixtla, Tuzantán, Huehuetán, Escuintla, Acacoyagua, Acapetagua y Mapastepec. Se establecieron parcelas representativas de 50x20 m, en las que se contabilizaron y clasificaron taxonómicamente las especies presentes. Se evaluó el diámetro a altura de pecho (DAP) y la altura total (Ht). Se realizó un análisis para definir los estratos (inferior, medio y superior) en la estructura vertical del sistema agroforestal y se hicieron consideraciones sobre la influencia de los resultados en el cacao. Resultados. Se determinaron 35 especies arbóreas con 199 plantas que pertenecen a veintidós familias. Las especies más importantes fueron Cordia alliodora, Tabebuia rosea y Pouteria sapota. Conclusión. Las especies de árboles de sombra registradas en la estructura vertical y horizontal de los sistemas agroforestales de cacao de la región del Soconusco, Chiapas, generaron un exceso de sombra equivalente a una media en la región de 14,16 % de la iluminación total, y la consecuente competencia por la luz entre las especies estudiadas, incluyendo el cultivo del cacao.
Perfil lipídico en leche de vacas en pastoreo de gramíneas en el trópico seco colombiano
Authors: Mojica-Rodríguez José Edwin , Castro-Rincón Edwin , Carulla-Fornaguera Juan Evangelista , Lascano-Aguilar Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2019

Introducción. La composición de la grasa en la leche bovina tiene relevancia en la salud humana, donde ácidos grasos poliinsaturados como el ácido linoleico conjugado (ALC c9 t11), tienen efectos positivos (anticarcinogénicos, antidiabetogénico). Existen investigaciones sobre efecto de la alimentación de los bovinos en la calidad de la leche en zonas templadas (por encima de 2200 msnm), pero pocas en el trópico bajo colombiano (por debajo de 1500 msnm). Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de tres gramíneas, Mulato II, Tanzania y Toledo, sobre la producción, composición y perfil lipídico de la leche de vacas gyr x pardo suizo en el primer, segundo y tercer tercio de lactancia. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se llevó a cabo durante mayo y junio de 2013, en el municipio de San Diego, Cesar, Colombia. Se seleccionaron dos grupos de nueve animales (tres vacas en cada tercio de lactancia) y se asignó una vaca de cada tercio de lactancia a cada gramínea en un diseño de cuadrado latino 3 x 3 replicado. Resultados. La producción de leche fue similar (p>0,05) en las gramíneas evaluadas y disminuyó (p<0,05) conforme avanzó la lactancia. La concentración de grasa y proteína en la leche fue mayor (p<0,05) en Tanzania y Mulato II, aunque en el segundo tercio hubo un mayor (p<0,05) contenido de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados respectivamente, en comparación con Toledo. El tercio de lactancia no afectó (p>0,05) la composición de la leche. Se presentó una mayor (p<0,05) concentración de ácido linoleico conjugado y de ácidos poliinsaturados en la grasa de la leche en vacas alimentadas con los pastos Tanzania y Toledo. Conclusión. Alimentar vacas doble propósito con pastos Tanzania y Toledo podría tener efectos positivos en salud humana, debido al perfil lipídico más saludable de la leche producida.
Etiología del cáncer del tallo provocado por Neoscytalidiumdimidiatum (penz) en Hylocereus costaricensis, en Costa Rica
Authors: Retana Sánchez Kenneth , Blanco Meneses Mónica , Castro Zúñiga Oscar
Published: May 2019

En el 2011 y 2012 se realizó una investigación de los agentes causales de las enfermedades asociadas al cultivo de Pitaya (Hylocereus costaricensis) en Costa Rica. Una de las más importantes durante el periodo de estudio, debido a su alta incidencia (100%), fue el cáncer en el tallo. Los síntomas observados fueron pequeñas manchas anaranjadas y rojizas irregulares y lesiones de coloración beige-grisáceas con el centro abultado. Para determinar el agente causal se recolectaron 85 muestras, cladodios completos con diferentes estados de desarrollo de la enfermedad, a partir de los cuales se realizaron 40 aislamientos. De estos creció un organismo en forma consistente, con el cual se llevó a cabo la identificación, caracterización morfológica y molecular así como la verificación de los postulados de Koch. De acuerdo con la forma de crecimiento, coloración del micelio y la morfología de los artroconidios y de las características moleculares (secuenciación de la región ITS), el patógeno asociado a los síntomas presentó un 99% de similitud con Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Penz.) (no. de accesión KJ513460, del hongo aislado en Costa Rica). En las pruebas de los postulados de Koch se obtuvo un 92% de infección y se presentó una sintomatología similar a la observada en el campo, además, se recuperó el mismo organismo que fue inoculado. Este es el primer reporte de este hongo causando daños en el tallo de Hylocereus costaricensis en Costa Rica.
Características de sitio que determinan el crecimiento y la productividad de teca (Tectona grandis L.f.) de plantaciones jóvenes en Guatemala
Authors: Vaides López Edwin , Alvarado Hernández Alfredo , Moya Fernández Roberto
Published: May 2019

El estudio se realizó en plantaciones jóvenes con edades entre 2,6 y 7 años ubicadas en los departamentos de El Petén, Alta Verapaz, Izabal, Zacapa, Suchitepéquez, Retalhuleu y Escuintla. Se evaluaron diferentes calidades de sitio y de productividad, basada en el incremento medio anual en altura y volumen total. En todos los sitios evaluados, se determinaron las características fisiográficas, climáticas, de suelo y silviculturales que más influyen en el crecimiento y productividad de la especie. MAI en altura total (MAIHTOT) y MAI Volumen total (MAIVOL) fue correlacionado con todas las variables dependientes. El análisis se hizo mediante gráficos para plotear y separar los cuadrantes en niveles críticos. Se encontró que los sitios con mejor crecimiento y productividad se encuentran a elevaciones menores a 220 msnm, con pendientes <40%, en paisajes que van de ondulados a planos, con poca o mediana pedregosidad externa y que no presentan problemas de inundación. Estos sitios presentan una temperatura media anual cercana a 26ºC, precipitación promedio anual entre 1900-2850 mm, pH del suelo mayor a 5,5, porcentaje de saturación de bases >43% en el horizonte superficial (0 a 20 cm) y terrenos con ninguna o poca compactación. Para sitios con pH <5,5 en el mismo horizonte, los mejores valores de crecimiento y productividad se observaron en suelos con valores <5% de saturación de acidez y >62% de saturación de calcio.
Spinal Trauma: a case report
Authors: Mustamir Nasrullah
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The incidences of both car accident and sport accident have been increasing lately in Indonesia. One of the big problems is about the trauma of the spine. Cervical spine trauma is the most dangerous case. Herein we report one case of Odontoid Fracture Type II.Methods: A 24-years-old man had an accident after jumping into a shallow swimming pool. The patient bumped his head into the floor and suffered from tetraparesis. After that, he was getting better step-by-step. Approximately 3 months later, the patient bumped his head again on a branch of a tree and regressed to tetraparesis again. We established odontoid fracture type II diagnosis from plain cervical x-ray. We decided to do a surgery by using pedicle screws at CII, lateral mass at CI, and fusion at CI and CII.Result: After the surgery, the patient’s health improved. Six months after the operation, the patient recovered well.Conclusion: We can do this operation without c-arm, we performed this operation by free-hand and anatomy landmark.
Unilateral Laminotomy for Bilateral Microsurgical Decompression in Treating Multiple Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Mulyawan Wawan , Wiwoho Yudi Yuwono , Ichwan Syaiful
Published: May 2019

Multiple spinal stenosis with significant signs and symptoms is one of the complex problems in spine pathology. For a simple reason, many spine surgeons do conservative decompressions, such as decompressive laminectomy or bilateral laminotomy and flavectomy, with one incision (preservation of lamina). Unilateral laminotomy in the lumbar area for bilateral access in spinal canal is quite rare and is performed for the treatment of multiple spinal stenosis.With this technique, microsurgical decompression is done with partial resection of the ipsilateral facet, the medial part of the laminar arch, and the partial contralateral facet, with the complete removal of the ligamentum flavum. By this methods, the aim for complete bilateral flavectomy and partial bilateral facetectomy are the key for the success of clinical improvements in treating multiple spinal stenosis.
Management of The Cervical Spine Tuberculosis
Authors: Ibrahim Sabri
Published: May 2019

Tuberculosis of the cervical spine is a rare clinical condition (10%), most commonly affected lower thoracic region (40-50% of the cases). Spinal tuberculosis is a destructive form of tuberculosis. It accounts for approximately half of all cases of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Spinal tuberculosis is more common in children and young adults. The incidence of spinal tuberculosis is increasing in developed nations. Characteristically, there is a destruction of the intervertebral disk space and the adjacent vertebral bodies, collapse of the spinal elements, and anterior wedging leading to kyphosis and gibbus formation. For the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis, magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive than x-ray and more specific than computed tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging frequently demonstrates an involvement of the vertebral bodies on either side of the disk, disk destruction, cold abscess, vertebral collapse, and presence of vertebral column deformities. Anti-tuberculous treatment remains the cornerstone of treatment. Surgery may be required in selected cases, e.g. large abscess formation, severe kyphosis, an evolving neurological deficit, or lack of response to medical treatment. The quality of debridement and bony fusion is optimal when the anterior approach is used. Posterior fixation is the best means of achieving reduction followed by stable sagittal alignment over time. With early diagnosis and early treatment, the prognosis is generally good.
Posterolateral Endoscopic Thoracic Discectomy: Transforaminal Approach
Authors: Lee Sang Ho
Published: May 2019

Objective: Symptomatic soft herniated thoracic disc (HTD) before the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was a rare disease with less than 1% of all spinal disc herniation. The frequency of diagnosis of thoracic disk herniation has increased with the routine use of MRI. To avoid high morbidity and complications associated with conventional approach, the authors applied posterolateral endoscopic technique.Methods: From January 2001 to December 2016, 87 patients with non-sequestrated and soft lateral or central thoracic disc herniation underwent posterolateral endoscopic thoracic discectomy (PLETD). Under local anaesthesia with intravenous sedation, we removed the herniated disc through thoracic intervertebral foramen after foraminoplasty. The enlargement of the foramen by partially cutting the lateral aspect of superior facet with a Reamer or high-speed diamond drills. Clinical outcome was measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the visual analogue scale.Results: Fifty-one males and thirty-six females, aged 21 to 89 years were enrolled in this study. Mean follow-up period was 10 months (1 to 56 months). The mean ODI scores improved from 53.7 before surgery to 16.9 at the final follow-up (p <0.05). Mean VAS scores improved from 7.3 before surgery to 2.1 at the final follow-up (p <0.05). One patient required conversion to an open procedure for recurred disc protrusion in 17 days. Another one patient required repeated PLETD for recurring disc in l year. Three patients experienced transient low extremity paresthesia but all improved. There were no other serious complications associated with this procedure.Conclusion: Conventional treatment of HTD is known for its high morbidity and complications, posing a challenge to physicians. This PLETD technique for symptomatic non-sequestrated and soft HTD is a safe and effective method that provides a direct route to the lesion under local anaesthesia with less morbidity.
Biomechanics Among Various Techniques of the Cervical Laminoplasty
Authors: Wardhana Dewa Putu Wisnu , Mahadewa Tjokorda GB , Maliawan Sri
Published: May 2019

The nature of cervical spine motions consists of multiple components of the cervical spine, intervertebral disc, ligaments, and adjacent facet joints. Cervical spinal stenosis is disabling and this chronic degenerative disorder commonly occurs in middle age-elderly persons. Surgical options for those spinal cord disorders generally are the anterior or posterior approach. Historically, a conventional multi-level laminectomy was performed to decompress the spinal cord but there is a high rate of late biomechanical complications such as segmental instability, and kyphosis. Laminoplasty was developed to relieve the spinal cord compression and maintain the posterior elements. Lately, there are various techniques of the cervical laminoplasty, the biomechanical impact of these techniques will be described.
Clinical predictors of intra-abdominal lesions in blunt abdominal trauma patients with the conservative treatment
Authors: Parwata I Gede , Wiargitha Ketut , Golden Nyoman , Permatasari Desy
Published: May 2019

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Assessment of specific clinical symptoms such as abdominal traces, abdominal pain, gross hematuria, pelvic fracture, systolic blood pressure and pulse rate in blunt abdominal trauma patients can predict the presence of intra-abdominal injury, so the use of CT Scan in diagnostics may be selective. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of intra-abdominal lesions in patients with blunt abdominal trauma who were treated conservatively.Material and Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. Samples were taken from the medical records, from January 2015 to December 2016. The total sample was 124 patients, were analyzed using Chi-square and logistic regression. This study has passed ethical clearance from the institutional review board of our UniversityResult: The results showed the mean age of patients was 33 years, the majority of patients were male (74.2%), and a negative CT scan was 39.5%. The clinical predictors of intra-abdominal lesions in CT scan of blunt abdominal trauma patients were: abdominal traces (OR: 11.252; 95% CI: 3.257-38.867; p <0.001), abdominal pain with VAS≥5 (OR : 92.968; 95% CI: 14.604-591,837; p <0.001); and gross hematuria (OR: 9.377; 95% CI: 1.539-57.115; p = 0.015). Pelvic fracture, systolic blood pressure, and pulse rate were not statistically proven.Conclusion: Abdominal traces, abdominal pain, and gross hematuria are clinical predictors of intra-abdominal lesions. Predictors should be taken into consideration in decision making to perform an abdominal CT scan in blunt abdominal trauma patients treated conservatively.
Characteristics of a well-functioning chronic pain team: A systematic review
Authors: Griffin Heather , Hay-Smith E. Jean C.
Published: May 2019

Chronic pain is prevalent, affecting 20% of New Zealanders. The International Association for the Study of Pain recommends that the treatment of chronic pain is provided by a multi-disciplinary team. To investigate the features supporting the development and maintenance of a well-functioning team, this mixed-method systematic review synthesised empirical research of clinician-reported experience of working in chronic pain teams that provide treatment to adults with chronic, non-cancer related pain. After a search of five electronic database, in which 21 studies were retrieved for full-text screening, seven studies were included in the final review. Studies were rated as unclear, satisfactory or good for both quality (the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool) and transferability. Extracted data were thematically analysed; themes had contributions from more than one key paper (i.e. good quality and good transferability). Four features of a well-functioning team appeared most strongly in the data: team philosophy, co-location, stable workforce and communication. These features are congruent with the broader literature on the characteristics of effective health teams in other patient populations and settings. They might also be features that are particularly important for the development and maintenance of effective chronic pain teams that work in the types of teams and settings typical of the New Zealand context.
IMPROVEMENT OF SUPERVISORY CONTROL OF TRAIN MOVEMENT BY MEANS OF INTRODUCTION OF OPERATIONAL ZONES
Authors: Nesterenko H. I. , Bech P. V. , Muzykin M. I. , Avramenko S. I.
Published: May 2019

Purpose. The work is aimed to investigate the feasibility of transferring automatic control to low-density stations of the sections (according to the principle of supervisory control of trainline) to the operators at principal stations. Methodology. The article analyzes the work of heavy traffic sections of the Ukrainian Railways JSC. It was found out that the information workload of dispatchers who control the train movement at the sections of the main course, constantly exceeds the permissible level. The possibility of using the technology of supervisory control of train movement by the introduction of operational zones has been investigated. Findings. The authors found out that the capacity of receiving and departure tracks at the stations of the sections is extremely limited. The occupancy of run-around tracks by the out-of-work trains hinders any regulatory measures at the sections. Trains pass one after another without giving priority, that is, they pass through the section in the order in which they entered it. Due to the limited number of tracks at the pre-section intermediate station, freight trains are placed for run-around by the passenger ones at the distant approaches. This leads to a loss of service speed and reduces the level of utilization of the sections` working capacity. The introduction of operational zones will significantly reduce information flows and facilitate the work of the train dispatchers, create the necessary conditions for creative decision-making on the inter-sectional regulation, and will contribute to increase in the service speed of trains. Originality. The article developed a new technology to improve the management of train sections by dividing them into operational zones. In each zone, consisting of two or three run-arounds, the duty officer of the principal station, performing in this case the functions of the train dispatcher, can control the train movement. Practical value. It has been proposed to put trains from technical stations that idle due to uneven movement, especially the trains from the terminal stations (division points) of the locomotive circulation sections, to reserve routes of the pre-section intermediate stations. Laying the reserve tracks and their maintenance, taking into account the periodicity of use and reduced permissible speed, can be allowed according to less tight standards for the construction of the roadbed, ballast section, sleeper density, taking into account the use of switches and decommissioned tracks.
INFLUENCE OF THE POLYMERIC BASIS ON THE PROPERTIES OF RUBBER-FIBER COMPOSITES
Authors: I. V. Markova
Published: May 2019

Purpose. This study investigates the influence of common and special rubbers as a polymer matrix on the stiffness, strength properties of rubber-fiber composites and their resistance to heat aging. Methodology. Rubber-fibre composites were made on the basis of general (isoprene, styrene-butadiene, divinyl) and special (nitrile-butadiene) rubbers. Polyamide, cotton and fiberglass were used as reinforcing fibers. To ensure high bond strength of the reinforcing fibers with the matrix, the chemical modifier m-phenylene-bis-maleimide was introduced into the rubber. Rubber mixtures were made in a rubber mixer. The fibre in the rubber matrix was introduced on the rollers with a gap between the rolls of 1.0 ÷ 1.5 mm. At the end of mixing, the mixture was passed three times through the gap of rollers 0.3 ÷ 0.5 mm without changing the direction of rolling. Vulcanization of the samples was carried out in a hydraulic press with steam heating at a temperature 143 °C and the optimum time of vulcanization. To determine the stiffness modulus of rubber-fiber composites with small deformations (5%, 20%) of tension, the load curve was received (strain deformation dependency) for the sample in the form of a double-sided blade. According to the obtained curve, the tension in the sample corresponding to the strain was determined. Thermal aging of the vulcanizates was carried out in an air thermostat at 120 °C for 96 hours. Findings. The article shows that the reinforcement of vulcanized rubbers based not only on common rubbers, but also on the rubbers of special purposes by short fibres allows significantly increasing their stiffness properties and resistance to heat aging at maintaining the required level of strength characteristics. The maximum stiffness characteristics of rubber-fiber composites were achieved by using a combination of reinforcing fibres. Originality. For the first time, the possibility of creating rubber-fibre composites based on a nitrile-butadiene elastomer matrix with high rates of stiffness, strength properties, as well as resistance to heat aging was shown. Practical value. The obtained results open the prospects for the development of materials for chevron seals and other constructive elements where high rates of not only stiffness and heat resistance, but also oil resistance were necessary.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALGORITHMS FORMATION OF ENERGY- OPTIMIZED TRAINS TRAFFIC MODES
Authors: Prytula M. G. , Pasechnyk O. A.
Published: May 2019

Purpose. The paper involves the development of algorithmic support for simulation and optimization of train traffic modes. Methodology. To describe the process of the train movement in spatial coordinates with the distributed mass along the trajectory of motion, a system model is proposed. The model takes into account traction and support parameters and their changes depending on external and internal factors. For a numerical integration of a system model, a finite-difference method is used. In addition, iterative procedures are developed to meet the boundary conditions, the formation of a sequence of traction, braking and idling modes with appropriate parameters to satisfy the criterion of optimality of traffic and technical limitations with sufficient accuracy. The criterion of optimality includes fuel and energy resources, the frequency of changes in the modes of work of traction means (significantly affect the wear of drives), cost rates, etc. Findings. The developed algorithmic, software and information support provided: calculation of driving modes of arbitrary, including standard ones for formation of traffic schedules, calculation of inter-station and station intervals, and research of influence of extreme parameters of trains on their modes of operation. The system provides for the adaptation of the parameters of the train model based on the results of experimental trips. Originality. The paper proposes the task of calculating train driving modes as a problem of optimal control and proposes a quick method for its solution. This ensured the automation of the process of solving a large set of direct and inverse modes with different optimality criteria. Practical value. The proposed approach to the formulation and solution of tasks of modeling and optimization of train driving modes was tested in the process of calculating the main components for the formation of traffic schedules, the selection of optimal parameters for the reconstruction of the roadbed for high-speed and new types of trains.
EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF CARGO DELIVERY USING THE COEFFICIENT OF DEVIATION IN THE ARRIVAL TIME OF TRAINS
Authors: B. A. Tseyko
Published: May 2019

Purpose. The research is aimed at considering the features of calculating the coefficient of deviation in the arrival time of trains to the station from the planned one relative to the expected deviation. Currently, for the management of cargo transportation, one uses the approaches in which such an indicator as the coefficient of deviation is not calculated and not taken into account. In practical implementation, this leads to the fact that the railway transporting cargo does not receive information on the ratio of nominal time deviations to real ones. This situation requires solving the problems of improving the current technologies of the transportation process related to the formation, organization and shipment of cargoes. Therefore, the requirements for the calculation of such factors are relevant. Methodology. To achieve the purpose, it is necessary to rank the collected statistics, group them and analyze them. A mathematical model is proposed for calculating the deviation of the train arrival time from the planned one and the dependence of this deviation from the delivery stage (station) and the number of trains (as a percentage of their total number). Findings. The concept of «deviation coefficient» has been introduced, which characterizes the deviation of the time of train arrival to a station from the planned relative to the expected deviation. Based on the results of the analysis of the deviation of the train arrival time at the station depending on the run, it can be noted that there is a direct relationship between the lateness of trains in hours and the station number (that is, distance). The result remains valid for an arbitrary number of trains (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% were considered). Originality. The author first introduced the concept of “deviation coefficient”, which characterizes the deviation of the time of train arrival to a station from the planned relative to the expected deviation. Practical value. Based on the presented mathematical model, it is possible to foresee an approximate value of the lateness of trains for a railway line with a large number of stations, if the main characteristics of cargo transportation remain without significant changes, for example, a significant improvement or deterioration of the technical characteristics of the railway infrastructure.
MEMORIES OF SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF ACADEMICIAN V. A. LAZARYAN
Authors: M. I. Kazakevich
Published: May 2019

Only now, in the era of high-speed railway transport, there is a realization concerning the greatness of pioneering research 50 years ago of Academician V. A. Lazaryan, his fellow students, their demand and relevance in the evolutionary development of railways in the world. The work is the author's memoirs about the outstanding representatives of the scientific school of transport mechanics (including in the direction of the dynamics and stability of the trains movement) – Academician V. A. Lazaryan, Academician M. H. Bondar, Professor Y. P. Blokhin. They and their students, an informal creative team of researchers of different generations, continued and continue the work of their leader – Academician V. A. Lazaryan.
Capacidade de governo em Secretarias Municipais de Saúde
Authors: Brandão Celmário Castro , Scherer Magda Duarte dos Anjos
Published: May 2019

RESUMO A partir da descentralização da gestão Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), surge a necessidade de se discutir a capacidade de governo, ou de gestão, no âmbito municipal, para a implementação dessa política. Este estudo objetiva analisar a capacidade de governo de Secretarias Municipais de Saúde em municípios baianos, tendo por base a experiência dos gestores. Foi aplicado questionário on-line, subdividido em 03 dimensões, a 15 gestores representantes de Secretarias de municípios de pequeno (porte I) e grande porte (porte II), nas 09 macrorregiões de saúde do estado. Foi utilizada uma matriz de pontuação, que permitiu a quantificação e a classificação dos municípios em cada uma das dimensões e quanto à sua capacidade de governo. Obteve-se que 12 dos municípios apresentaram capacidade moderada, e 03 apresentaram baixa capacidade de governo. A dimensão relacionada ao desenho organizativo das Secretarias foi aquela em que os municípios apresentaram melhor desempenho, seguida por sistemas de trabalho nessas organizações e trajetória profissional dos gestores. Ainda, municípios de porte I e os situados em regiões mais desenvolvidas obtiveram melhores resultados globais. Para a qualificação das gestões, considera-se essencial o investimento em iniciativas de formação e de apoio institucional, priorizando municípios de pequeno porte e situados em regiões de maior vulnerabilidade socioeconômica.
Atividades educativas sobre armazenamento e descarte correto de medicamentos: relato de experiência com público infantil
Authors: Faiolla Fabiana de Paula , Ribeiro Annelise Alcântara Altieri , Brener Carlos Eduardo de Souza , Veit Henrique , Bayer Valéria Maria Limberger , Rocha Verginia Margareth Possatti , Ries Edi Franciele
Published: May 2019

RESUMO A conscientização do público infantil sobre uso racional e práticas adequadas relacionadas a medicamentos incentiva a transformação a partir da educação infantil e impulsiona a multiplicação desse conhecimento nas famílias. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a experiência de ações de conscientização com público infantil visando a orientar e divulgar a forma correta de armazenamento e descarte de medicamentos realizada por um programa de extensão de uma instituição de ensino superior. As atividades foram realizadas em duas escolas públicas rurais de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, envolvendo alunos da pré-escola ao 8º ano do ensino fundamental. Elas foram planejadas e organizadas pelos extensionistas, que conduziram a abordagem das temáticas por meio de perguntas orais, orientação dialogada, com apoio de recurso audiovisual e quiz de assimilação de conteúdo. O público, de aproximadamente 125 pessoas, demonstrou aceitação e interesse pela temática, participando com relatos iniciais de práticas adotadas em suas residências e respondendo às perguntas no final das atividades. Verificaram-se tanto aprendizagem das informações pelas crianças quanto motivação para as práticas adequadas e multiplicação de conhecimento. As atividades educativas mostraram-se positivas e poderão ser subsídios para ações de educação em saúde, em outras localidades.
Qualidade do Emprego nas Culturas de Café, Cana-de-açúcar e Milho: estudo comparativo 2000/2010 entre mesorregiões de Minas Gerais
Authors: Gandolfi Maria Raquel Caixeta , Jesus Clesio Marcelino , Gandolfi Peterson Elizandro
Published: May 2019

Resumo: Este artigo investiga a evolução e a qualidade do emprego rural dos residentes nos setores urbano e rural de Minas Gerais. O recorte analisado compreende as mesorregiões separadas pelo grau de modernização nas culturas de café, cana-de-açúcar e milho, envolvendo os diferentes tipos de empregados agrícolas. Foram investigadas as mesorregiões do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba, Noroeste de Minas, Jequitinhonha, Vale do Mucuri e Rio Doce e Zona da Mata. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados do Censo Demográfico de 2000 e 2010, do Censo Agropecuário de 2006 e da Pesquisa Agrícola Municipal (PAM) para análises em geral e construção do Índice de Qualidade do Emprego (IQE), que tomou como referência de construção a metodologia desenvolvida por Kageyama e Rehder (1993) e Balsadi (2000). Os resultados demonstraram queda no volume total do emprego rural e que as mesorregiões mais modernizadas tendem a possuir maior qualidade do emprego, assim como a presença maior de empregados qualificados, em contraste com as mesorregiões menos modernizadas, em que a significativa maioria dos empregados é constituída por não qualificados. Nesse aspecto, a modernização pode estar acentuando as desigualdades ao ser mais aplicada nas regiões mais desenvolvidas.
A convergência estratégica em Arranjos Produtivos Locais: uma análise sobre a cooperação entre atores em rede em duas regiões cafeeiras
Authors: Leme Paulo Henrique Montagnana Vicente , Aguiar Bruno Henrique , Rezende Daniel Carvalho de
Published: May 2019

Resumo: O desenvolvimento de novos Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) no Brasil é um tema de extrema importância no atual contexto econômico e social brasileiro. As Indicações Geográficas (IG) surgem com o objetivo de proteger e valorizar produtos e serviços típicos de uma região. O resultado é que estes APLs que buscam reconhecimento de origem necessitam desenvolver aspectos ligados à governança local e à coordenação de relacionamentos e interesses diversos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar um APL consolidado na produção de café, o do Cerrado Mineiro, em busca de aspectos estratégicos que expliquem seu sucesso e, através de uma pesquisa-ação, reproduzir as categorias estratégicas encontradas na articulação estratégica da construção da IG da região Oeste da Bahia. Nos resultados, confirma-se a validação do modelo teórico de convergência estratégica para APLs, que é definido como uma série de ações e práticas dos atores sociais inter-relacionados através de uma rede em um arranjo produtivo local, que possuem interesses e objetivos em comum definidos nas dimensões (1) organizacionais (estruturais), (2) históricas e de (3) ações coletivas em prol de um produto ou serviço. O processo de convergência não é estático, é performático, modifica as estruturas de governança e coordenação. Compreender a dinâmica destes fenômenos através de diferentes práticas estratégicas seria valioso para estudos futuros, tanto no café como em outras IGs.
Mensuração da Pobreza Multidimensional Rural nas Mesorregiões Norte e Jequitinhonha de Minas Gerais
Authors: Fortini Rosimere Miranda , Teixeira Evandro Camargos , Silveira Suely de Fátima Ramos , Moreira Vinicius de Souza
Published: May 2019

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é investigar e mensurar a intensidade da pobreza rural multidimensional por meio dos conjuntos Fuzzy, tendo como recorte geográfico as mesorregiões norte e Jequitinhonha do estado de Minas Gerais e seus agricultores familiares como público-alvo. A metodologia fundamenta-se na construção do Índice Fuzzy de Pobreza Rural multidimensional e no cálculo dos pesos de cada dimensão. Quanto aos resultados, estes se alinham com o que Amartya Sen defende na Abordagem das Capacitações, pois, apesar de a dimensão referente a renda e trabalho ter apresentado o maior peso na mensuração da pobreza, fatores como educação e saúde também merecem atenção devido à maior intensidade apresentada. Portanto, este segmento deveria ser assistido por políticas estruturantes com melhorias constantes na educação, na saúde e na infraestrutura, de modo a atender as particularidades de cada localidade, de acordo com as verdadeiras privações sofridas pelos agricultores familiares.
LONELINESS AND CONTEMPORARY WORK: MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES OF ANALYSIS
Authors: SIQUEIRA MARCUS V. S. , DIAS CLEDINALDO A. , MEDEIROS BÁRBARA N.
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Purpose: To reflect on the faces of loneliness within the contemporary work context contemplating it: 1. as affect that results from coexistence and social interaction; 2. as a symptom of unease at work, the result of managerial ideology; and 3. as a source of development, reinvigoration and formation for an individual. Originality/value: This study is relevant because it makes it possible for us to take a new look at loneliness within the work context as a resource to liberate the worker. Design/methodology/approach: This study is a theoretical essay, based on a review of the literature of various fields of knowledge (sociology, psychology, philosophy and administration), and is an interdisciplinary reflection on various currents of thought which discuss the faces of loneliness. Findings: We have found that loneliness in contemporary work can be seen as harmful, given the everyday violence within the organizational environment, work that has lost its meaning, a lack of solidarity among workers, or it can be seen as a necessary virtue for the development and emancipation of the subject. Even though this is seen by most studies as a negative phenomenon, it is not restricted to physical distance, and much less trying to escape from life. It can also be seen as the search to awaken something in oneself and repositioning of the values and culture inculcated by organizations.
Head loss in laser-perforated thin-walled polyethylene pipes for irrigation
Authors: Melo Verônica G. M. L. de , Frizzone José A. , Camargo Antonio P. de , Bombardelli Wagner W. Á.
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT For reducing fixed and operational costs in pressurized irrigation systems, thin-walled polyethylene pipes with laser-perforated orifices are manufactured to operate under low pressure (up to 100 kPa). Hydraulic characterization of these materials is essential for designing irrigation systems. Considering the material elasticity and the thin wall thickness (about 200 μm), the internal diameter of these pipes may vary according to the operating pressure, resulting in changes of head losses. The purpose of this study was to analyze the head loss in flexible pipes with laser-perforated orifices, and to estimate the maximum length of laterals based on criteria of water distribution uniformity. Non-perforated pipe samples were tested to obtain equations of friction loss. Equations were fitted as a function of flow rate and pressure head at the pipe inlet, and, alternatively, the Darcy-Weisbach equation was modified considering the diameter expressed as a power-law function of pressure head. The equation of head loss as a function of flow rate and pressure head provided proper estimations and considered effects related to changes in the diameter of plastic pipes due to variations in the pressure head. The Darcy-Weisbach equation can be employed for estimating head loss in flexible pipes, whose diameter varies due to pressure, but the diameter must be calculated as a function of the pressure head at the lateral inlet.