bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Формирование коллективной памяти в Перу в исследовательской оптике Дж.П. Фельдмана
Authors: Краев Олег , Силантьева Маргарита
Published: September 2022

Исследование Дж.П. Фельдмана “Memories before the State: Postwar Peru and the Place of Memory, Tolerance, and Social Inclusion” (Rutgers University Press, 2021) посвящено процессу создания Места памяти, терпимости и социальной интеграции (LUM) в столице Перу Лиме. На основании аналитических материалов автора книги в статье рассмотрен его нетривиальный подход к проблеме конструирования коллективной памяти. Особое внимание уделяется международной составляющей коммеморативной деятельности и ее влиянию на внутриполитические процессы, сопровождающие инициативы в сфере меморизации. На примере анализа деятельности Комиссии по установлению истины и примирению (КИП) рассматривается динамика концептуализации дискурса постпамяти. Авторы приходят к выводу, что перуанский кейс, включающий в себя не только Место памяти, но и ряд иных проектов в сфере меморизации, позволяет проследить такие аспекты коммеморативной политизации, как опора на дискурс прав человека, вовлеченность в подобные проекты НПО и международных акторов, связь проблематики коммеморации и постпамяти с политикой идентичности.
Teknoloji, Eğitim ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: MENA Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: GÖZEN Nadide Elif , ŞİMŞEK Türker
Published: September 2022

Günümüzde gelişmiş teknolojiye sahip ülkeler, gerçek gücün eğitimli insan olduğunu ifade etmektedirler. Bu bağlamda ülkeler, toplumlarına sağladıkları eğitim hizmetinin teknoloji ile harmanlanmasına ve bulundukları çağa uyumuna dikkat ederler. Sosyo-ekonomik refah üzerine kurulan eğitimin ekonomik büyümenin temel taşlarından biri olduğu, işgücü verimliliğini ve toplumların refah seviyesini artırdığı düşünülmektedir. Ülkelerin teknolojilerinde ve üretim süreçlerinde farklılık oluşturarak rekabet ortamını güçlendiren eğitim, MENA ülkeleri için de önemli bir olgudur. Çalışmanın amacı teknoloji, eğitim ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklayarak, ekonomik büyümenin sağlanabilmesi için politika karar vericilerine öneriler sunmaktır. Çalışmada, eğitim verisi olarak ilköğretim kayıt oranları kullanılmıştır. Teknoloji verisi olarak internet kullanıcıları ve mobil hücresel abonelik verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu göstergeler aynı zamanda telekomünikasyon altyapısını da göstermektedir. Ekonomik büyüme değişkeni olarak kişi başına reel gayri safi yurt içi hasıla kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, 15 ülke için 1993-2018 dönemi yıllık verileri ile araç değişkenli genelleştirilmiş momentler metodu (IV-GMM) aracılığıyla test edilmiştir. Analizde internet, mobil ve eğitim değişkenlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisinin negatif yönlü olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ancak teknoloji ve eğitimin birlikte kullanılmasını ifade eden (internet*eğitim) ve (mobil*eğitim) değişkenlerinin %1-%5 anlamlılık düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerinin pozitif yönlü olduğu görülmüştür.Elde edilen bulgular, literatürde bulunan MENA ülkeleri ile ilgili sınırlı sayıda çalışmaya katkıda bulunması açısından önem arz etmektedir.
A Relational Framework between Survey Topic, Sponsor, and Socially Desirable Responding: An Online Survey Experiment
Authors: MOHAMED Abdirahman Saeed , ADALI Tuğba
Published: September 2022

Research in survey methodology indicates that survey attributes, such as topic and sponsor influence survey participation and data quality. This paper primarily aims to examine whether such attributes influence socially desirable responding in an online survey setting, a setting which is less studied in the literature than face-to-face interview settings with regards to social desirability. To achieve this aim, it empirically tests the effects of survey topic, survey sponsor, introduction interest, and perceived topic sensitivity on socially desirable responding (SDR) across a range of items in a questionnaire. The survey experiment is based on a convenience sample of higher education students who filled out an online self-administered questionnaire, which also included a short version of the Marlowe-Crowne SDR scale. The findings showed that the tendency to SDR does not significantly differ by survey topic and sponsor. However, it varies by introduction interest, and intriguingly, more interested respondents demonstrated a higher tendency to SDR. Also, the tendency to SDR marginally differed by the perceived topic sensitivity.
BRICS+T Ülkelerinde Regülasyon ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Panel Veri Analizinden Kanıtlar
Authors: SERİN Şeref Can , AKÇA Haşim
Published: September 2022

Ekonomik büyüme sürecinde devletin rolünü inceleyen çalışmalar ortodoks bir yaklaşımla özellikle kamu harcamaları, gelirleri ve borçlarına odaklanmaktadır. Ancak devletin düzenleyici bir mekanizma olarak regülasyonlar aracılığıyla piyasaları şekillendirmesinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi, bu anlamda hak ettiği ilgiyi görememiştir. Regülasyon, toplumun çıkarlarını önceleyen devletin yasal sınırlamalarla piyasa koşullarını belirleme ve yönlendirme sürecinde başvurduğu araçlar bütünü olarak ifade edilebilmektedir. Öte yandan regülasyonlar yapısı gereği yasa koyucunun tekelinde olup politik çıkarlara göre kullanılmaya açık alanlardır. Dolayısıyla regülasyon uygulamalarının politik çıkarlara göre belirlenmesi, regülasyonlara varoluş amacının tam tersine birey veya grup çıkarlarına hizmet eder bir boyut kazandırmaktadır. Bu nedenle regülasyon politikalarının etkinliği ve kalitesi, regülasyonların asli amacı olan toplumsal çıkarları koruma noktasında belirleyici rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma 2000-2020 döneminde panel veri analiz yöntemleriyle hızlı ekonomik büyüme ve benzer makroekonomik dinamiklere sahip BRICS+T ülkelerinde regülasyonların ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda de-regülasyon sürecinin ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
El emprendimiento como actividad de ocupación y/o reivindicación en el interior de los centros penitenciarios y carcelarios de Valledupar
Authors: Padilla Gonzalez Fredys , Otero Tapia Amalio Segundo , Adarraga Mejia Javier Enrique , Ariza Molina Flor Manuela , Castro Alfaro Alain
Published: September 2022

With this article, an attempt is made to examine the required information, originating from the prison and penitentiary centers of Valledupar, Cesar, which can serve as a basis for implementing guidelines that contribute to minimizing the difficulties in terms of rehabilitation of the incarcerated population, trying to make a study that facilitates the identification of entrepreneurship initiatives as an option for improvement within these detention centers in the capital of Cesar; whose objective is to identify the multiple entrepreneurial and productive ideas developed in that place; using as methodology, the data review of Cronbach’s Alpha statistics method; making use of a descriptive research type with a field design and not experimental; As a data collection tool, there is a written survey, through the processing of a questionnaire that is applied to the representative sample of the population object of this study, among them, as the main input for information consultation, the data provided by the inmates of these prisons, the surveillance and custody body, administrative staff and managers. In order to support this study, different authors were consulted, including: Porter and Kramer (2002), Milton Friedman (1970), in the results, the existence of several deficiencies in the internal part of these prison establishments of this city of Cesar for the implementation, advancement and realization of productive activities and therefore formalize and make entrepreneurial ideas a reality.
Prediction of Academic Performance of Engineering Students by Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors:   the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IFTM University Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Verma Swati , Yadav Rakesh Kumar , Kholiya Kuldeep
Published: September 2022

In the current age, students' academic performance deterioration is a very crucial problem in engineering education. Prediction of low-performing students at an early stage is important so that their faculties and administration could provide timely support. The present study attempts to perform this prediction task at the entry-time with the help of four single supervised educational data mining algorithms, namely: Decision tree, Naïve Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbor, and Support Vector Machine along with an ensemble method called “Random Forest”. These classifiers have been applied to a students‟ dataset of an Indian Engineering College, having four categories of parameters viz., student‟s background, academic, social, and psychological parameters. Different libraries of Python programming language such as Pandas, Seaborn, Scikit-learn, and Scipy were used for analysis, visualization, classification, and statistics computation, respectively. The present study shows that among all of the five algorithms, Naïve Bayes gives the highest accuracy with 89%, and finally to improve the results, a model is proposed in which three Naïve Bayes classifiers were integrated with the help of 'Bagging'. The achieved accuracy with the proposed model was 91%, with the highest recall and highest precision for identifying low performers.
An Implementation of Element Fill-in-Blank Problems for Code Understanding Study of JavaScript-Based Web-Client Programming
Authors:   Okayama University, Japan, Qi Huiyu , Funabiki Nobuo , Wai Khaing Hsu , Lu Xiqin , Kyaw Htoo Htoo Sandi , Kao Wen-Chung
Published: September 2022

At present, web-client programming using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript is essential in web application systems to offer dynamic behaviors in web pages. With rich libraries and short coding features, it becomes common in developing user interfaces. However, the teaching course is not common in universities due to limited time. Therefore, self-study tools are strongly desired to promote it in societies. Previously, we have studied the programming learning assistant system (PLAS) as a programming self-study platform. In PLAS, among several types of programming problems, the element fill-in-blank problem (EFP) has been implemented for code understanding study of C and Java programming. In an EFP instance, the blank elements in a source code should be filled in with the proper words, where the correctness is checked by string matching. In this paper, we implement EFP for web-client programming in PLAS. In a web page, HTML and CSS define the components with tags in the document object model (DOM), and JavaScript offers their dynamic changes with libraries, which are blanked in EFP. Besides, a set of web page screenshots are given to help the solution. For evaluations, the generated 21 EFP instances were assigned to 20 master students in Okayama University. By analyzing their solution results, the effectiveness was confirmed for JavaScript programming learning.
The Specifics of Creating Student Multimedia Projects in University Humanitarian Education under the Conditions of the Pandemic
Authors:   the Department of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Ukraine, Angelova Mariana , Brovko Olena , Zrazhevska Nina , Lisnevska Alina , Polishchuk Tetiana , Fruktova Yana
Published: September 2022

The creation of student multimedia projects in university humanitarian education is especially relevant under the conditions of the pandemic and in the context of the necessity to interact, motivate and involve students in cooperation. The purpose of the academic paper lies in developing a methodology for creating student multimedia projects in university humanitarian education under the conditions of the pandemic. The research methodology is based on the requirements, criteria, methods, tools for creating multimedia projects, qualitative analysis of multimedia works on the basis of criteria for work assessment defined by teachers. The academic paper contains content analysis, visual analysis of 3 multimedia projects of students created as part of teamwork during the pandemic (2020-2021). The results testify to the effectiveness of the proposed flexible methodology for creating student multimedia projects, which has provided the following basic requirements, namely: sufficient quality for public announcement; compliance of audio and video with the requirements of broadcasting, clarity, intelligibility; author’s musical accompaniment of the work; providing students with the opportunity to determine the idea and format of the project. The principal features of creating student multimedia projects are as follows: 1) active use of social networks and websites by students; 2) involvement of various interested parties in projects; 3) participation of teachers as mentors, active participants of projects; 4) flexibility in defining the idea, genre, format, tools for promoting projects, content. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of using the developed methodology for creating multimedia projects. As part of the implementation of projects, students have developed their own technical, organizational, creative abilities, the ability to work in a team and manage resources and time.
The Role of Higher Education in Shaping Global Talent Competitiveness and Talent Growth
Authors:   the Faculty of Education and Management, Daugavpils University, Vienibas Str.13, Daugavpils, LV-5401, Latvia, Leikuma-Rimicane Liene , Baloran Erick T. , Ceballos Roel F. , Medina Milton Norman D.
Published: September 2022

The role of higher education in shaping global talent competitiveness and growth in the modern world is an excellent area of interest. To meet the growing demand for talented human capital in today's modern industries, HEIs must mobilize and standardize policies and develop programs for talent management among students as the future workforce. This study aimed to analyze the role of HEI in shaping talent competitiveness and growth. Selected higher education indicators that characterize the talent and growth development of at least 117 countries were analyzed using R version 4.1.3. The Global Talent Competitiveness Index (GTCI) was used to measure the talent competitiveness of the selected countries. To measure talent growth, we used the average annual change in the GTCI over the last five years; hence secondary data on the role of higher education in shaping talent competitiveness and growth were used. Various academic factors and skills that stimulate global talent competitiveness and growth are outlined in this study. Considering the factors that affect talent competitiveness and growth globally, colleges and universities place a strong emphasis on developing graduates' skill sets, advocating for, and organizing aspects in terms of mean years of schooling, including professional development, internet, and digital skills, and getting students ready for international co-invention and scientific publication.
A Study of Currents and Needs in the Computing Science Using a Robot for Online Learning
Authors:   King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand, Muenmaroung Nattanan , Suamuang Wuttiporn , Suksakulchai Surachai
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to 1) Investigate current conditions and needs for studying computing science utilizing robots as learning resources. 2) Compare current conditions in computing science by using robots as learning resources across gender and class level. 3) Compare the needs of computing science by using robots as learning resources across gender and class levels. The sample of this study included 288 high school students from Thailand selected by convenience sampling. The questionnaire was used to explore currents and needs in computing science using a robot. The content validity of the questionnaire is accepted. The result of study showed that students were studying through lectures rather than the more effective learning style of critical thinking, which was the goal of the computing science courses. Students did not use robots for their class and lack of hand-on experiences. Therefore, students desire to improve their abilities by employing robots as learning aids and assembling electronic was a gender differences on some current conditions. Male students can pursue further education by themselves, and male students were more likely to practice critical thinking skills than female students. In addition, male students felt more motivated than female students. The difference between class levels found that grade 7 students had the most chances to use robots in their studies and enjoy the current learning approach in general skills. Students of grades 9 and 11 had more chances to practice coding than grade 12 students. Grade 7 students got more inspired to study computing science than their grade levels.
Clinicoepidemiological study of acanthosis nigricans in pre and primary school children and its association with body mass index, waist circumference and insulin resistance
Authors: Yadav Priyanka Yogananda , Swaroop Mukunda Ranga , Reddy Nikitha , Obeidullan Shaikh Mohammed , Kalra Tarandeep Kaur , Devendra Shaila Shree
Published: September 2022

Acanthosis nigricans is characterised by hyperpigmentation and velvet like thickening of skin. It is seen symmetrically involving the neck, axilla, groins, antecubital and popliteal fossae, umbilical, perianal areas and in advanced conditions, even dorsum of hands and fingers.

To evaluate the clinical features and epidemiological factors of acanthosis nigricans in pre and primary school children and to evaluate the association of acanthosis nigricans with body mass index, waist circumference and insulin resistance.

A total of 100 children with acanthosis nigricans meeting defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this cross-sectional study after taking an informed consent and approval of institutional ethical committee. All parents of children with acanthosis nigricans were subjected to a detailed history based on a questionnaire. A thorough clinical examination was done to study acanthosis nigricans. Blood samples were collected and fasting serum insulin and fasting blood sugar were determined.

Most of the children were boys (M:F=1.3:1) and mean age was 6.66±1.99 years. Twenty four percent were normal weight, 28% were overweight and 48% were obese children. On examination, neck was the commonest site of acanthosis nigricans. Grade 4 neck severity (p=0.0014) and grade 3 neck texture (P=0.0198) of acanthosis nigricans were significantly associated with Insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR). Twenty eight percent of normal weight, 42.8% of overweight and 75% of obese children had insulin resistance.

Acanthosis nigricans was associated with insulin resistance in normal, overweight and obese children. Hence, we would like to propose that all the children with acanthosis nigricans must be screened for Insulin resistance irrespective of body mass index. With this evidence of Insulin resistance, guidelines can be given to the parents about life style modification which will help in preventing the onset of diabetes mellitus later and thereby, improving the quality of life of the child.
Clinical case report: Chronic kidney disease and ESKD (End stage kidney disease)
Authors: Mir Javaid Ahmad , Mushtaq Onaisa Aalia , Mushtaq Bushra
Published: September 2022

Chronic kidney disease include fibrosis, loss of renal cells and infiltration of renal tissue by monocytes and macrophages. The pathophysiology may include protein uria, hypoxia and excessive angiotensive II production. Hypoxia also contributes to disease progression. The disease has a vast number of clinical manifestations which include abnormalities in laboratory tests, hypertension, fatigue and poor appetite. There are five stages of CKD and in stage 5 the full blown clinical manifestations of end -stage renal disease are evident.

Medical this disease can be managed by:

1. Controlling blood pressure. 2. Managing blood glucose level to maintain HbA1c below 7%. 3. Managing hyperlipidemia with diet and cholesterol lowering drugs. 3. Managing and treating emerging manifestations of renal failure. 4. Prepare clients for renal replacement therapy when necessary.

Patients condition (general condition) was fair, GCS 15/15,but had ineffective coping strategies, he was very much worried about his condition & renal transplant. He was not satisfied about the treatment received. Doctors have planned to discharge him till they arrange a donor for kidney.
Application of Optimal Combinatory Mathematics Model in Heat Load Trend Prediction
Authors: Jin Ling , Liu Xiaoli , Jiang Yan , Guan Yali , Liu Zhaoying
Published: September 2022

The accurate prediction of the short-term heat load trend of buildings helps to prevent energy waste. Combinatory prediction methods need to be studied, as the processing of real-time data series of heat supply and the accurate prediction of short-term trend are more and more demanded by different heating districts and independent buildings. Therefore, this study explores the application of optimal combinatory mathematics model in heat load trend prediction. Firstly, feature extraction was performed on the historical weather data at the locality of the building and the historical data on heat load, creating a short-term trend prediction dataset with days as the unit, and an ultra-short-term trend prediction dataset with hours as the unit. On this basis, a combinatory mathematics model was created for heat load trend prediction. Furthermore, the authors detailed the principles of the two methods, namely, extreme gradient boosting tree (EGBT) and support vector regression (SVR), and explains the combination pattern of the single models in the combinatory model. Then, the weights were optimized by the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm, and the steps of the combinatory model were presented. The proposed model was proved effective through experiments.
Big Data in Academia: A Proposed Framework for Improving Students Performance
Authors: Banday Imran Rashid , Zaman Majid , Quadri Syed Mohammad Khurshid , Fayaz Sheikh Amir , Butt Muheet Ahmed
Published: September 2022

The way people learn has radically changed as a result of information technology. As an informal method of learning, fragmented learning has become a popular way to learn new technology and expertise. Academic organizations generate a large amount of heterogeneous data, and academic leaders want to make the most of it by analyzing the large amount of data in order to make better decisions. The volume isn't the only issue; the organization's data structure (structured, semi structured, and unstructured) adds to the complexity of academic work and decision-making on a daily basis. As big data has become more prevalent in educational settings, new data-driven techniques to enhance informed decision-making and efforts to improve educational efficacy have emerged. Traditional data sources and approaches were previously too expensive to obtain with digital traces of student behaviour, which offer more scalable and finer-grained comprehension and support of learning processes. This study provides a fragmented learning solution for students in a data environment that can suggest subjects to them based on their geographical location, gender, and district of residence, among other factors. This suggested framework is expected to play a key role in directing the development of a society that values lifelong learning.
A Novel Detection Method Using YOLOv5 for Vehicle Target under Complex Situation
Authors: Zhai Yue , Zeng Weijia , Li Nan
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of vehicle image detection and recognition caused by low visibility in foggy weather, an improved YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed. This algorithm adjusts the brightness and contrast of the image by adding the improved adaptive histogram equalization method to the image preprocessing, highlights the detailed information of vehicle image signs, and changes the backbone network standard convolution mode to the depth separable convolution method for model lightweight processing. By constructing the corresponding vehicle target detection data set, this paper is superior to the object detection model commonly used on the public data set in terms of performance and effectiveness, and draws the following conclusion from the comparison results of ablation experiments, the improved algorithm improves the detection accuracy of a single image and reduces the processing time.
SpiCoNET: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model to Diagnose COVID-19 and Pneumonia Using Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Tümen Vedat
Published: September 2022

Using deep learning techniques on radiological lung images for detecting COVID-19 is a promising technique in shortening the diagnosis time. In this study, we propose a hybrid deep learning model, detecting the COVID-19 and Pneumonia virus using Chest X-ray images. The proposed model, named SpiCoNET, first runs multiple well-known deep learning models combined with Spiking Neural Network (SNN) in order to identify the models with higher accuracy rates. Then, SpiCoNET combines the features of the two models with the highest accuracy rates among the well-known models and hands the combined features over to a different SNN layer as an input. Finally, the features are classified by using the SEFRON learning algorithm. The proposed hybrid deep learning model takes advantage of the features of the well-known models combined with SNN providing the highest accuracy rate. Moreover, the proposed model makes use of the SEFRON learning algorithm to provide better classification. The proposed model provides an accuracy rate of 97.09% for the classification of images of the COVID-19, Pneumonia and Normal, which outperforms AlexNet (91.27%) and DenseNet201 (90.40%). The results reveal that deep learning based systems for the identification of COVID-19 and Pneumonia can help healthcare professionals control the COVID-19 pandemic in an effective manner.
Enhancement of Images with Very Low Light by Using Modified Brightness Low Lightness Areas Algorithm Based on Sigmoid Function
Authors: Abraham Noor Jabbar , Daway Hazim G. , Ali Rafid Abbas
Published: September 2022

Enhancement of images with very low light has become an important role in the field of digital image processing, especially during night photography, tracking and medical imaging using binoculars. In this study, a new algorithm was proposed to enhance images with very low light on the basis of the development of brightness low lightness areas algorithm with the treatment of lighting component (Y) by using Sigmoid function in accordance with YIQ colour space. The proposed method was compared with several algorithms as (contrast enhancement approach, multi-scale retinax with color restoration, histogram equalization, fuzzy logic based-on sigmoid membership function, second-order Taylor series approximation and parallel nonlinear adaptive enhancement) by using non-reference quality measures on the basis of LIME data. Results showed the success of the proposed method on improving images with very low light, obtaining the best quality values rates of Entropy (6.81), NIQE (3.46) and PIQE (35.87).
A Deep Learning- Image Based Approach for Detecting Cracks in Buildings
Authors: Jayaraju Priyadarshini , Somasundaram Karthiyaini , Suprakash Adapala Sunny , Muthusamy Shanmugasundaram
Published: September 2022

Buildings expand and contract in response to their environment, which results in cracks in the structure. This can pose a serious threat to the people who use it, and these movements are frequently too small to be observed, and thus go unnoticed. Cracks can be caused by a variety of factors, including defects in the construction process, ground movement, foundation failure, and decay of the building fabric. If a structure is unable to accommodate this movement, cracking is likely to occur, posing a serious risk to the building's structural integrity. Only after cracks are identified can they be treated, and existing manual methods of sketching the crack patterns are highly subjective to the person performing the analysis, are frequently constrained by high costs, equipment and tool availability, and are extremely time consuming. In this paper, 40,000 images divided into two and categorized into positive and negative cracks are used as input and the presence of cracks is detected using a deep learning technique. The following crack types are included in the experimentation: hairline, stepped, vertical, and horizontal. In comparison to conventional image processing and other deep learning-based techniques, the proposed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) achieves significantly higher accuracy than the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). This paper’s objective is to create a model which can detect the cracks through deep learning methodology, and this will be the innovative region in crack detection using neural net framework.
Generation of closely located light spots using specular Airy laser beams
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS, – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Khonina S. ,   Samara National Research University, Porfirev A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS, – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Fomchenkov S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS, – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Larkin A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Savelyev-Trofimov A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: September 2022

We conduct a comparative numerical study of the formation of closely located light spots in the focal plane of diffraction gratings and binary optical elements matched with Hermite-Gaussian modes and specular Airy beams. It is shown that while gratings allow a set of uniform focal spots to be generated with high accuracy, the resulting pattern quickly deteriorates when displaced from the focal plane. Due to their modal properties, Hermite-Gaussian beams are low-sensitive to defocusing, but produce focal spots different in size and intensity. Specular Airy beams offer a trade-off solution - they produce a more uniform intensity pattern of light spots than the Hermite-Gaussian modes, at the same time showing a lower sensitivity to defocusing. Experiments with a tunable laser have confirmed the above-mentioned advantages of the specular Airy beams in comparison with the Hermite-Gaussian modes, also showing good spectral stability of the manufactured diffraction optics.
A prática interprofissional e a formação dos profissionais de saúde: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Müller Janine Luisa , Brustulin Natália , Paz Potiguara de Oliveira , Kaiser Dagmar Elaine , Duarte Êrica Rosalba Mallmann
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: conhecer o que vêm sendo escrito sobre a vivência prática e de formação, na atenção primária brasileira, sobre interprofissionalidade. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura a partir das bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e BBO. Os descritores utilizados foram "educação interprofissional", "relações interprofissionais", "comportamento cooperativo", "equipe de saúde" e "educação profissional" combinados com o operador booleano 'AND'. O período de busca foi Janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2019. Resultados: selecionados 31 artigos, que apresentam a Educação Interprofissional nas vivências de práticas e formação em saúde. Conclusão: o ensino interprofissional e o trabalho colaborativo rompe o ensino e a prática instituída, em nossa realidade, e busca novos modos de atenção e formação em saúde. Entretanto para essas mudanças novas iniciativas curriculares devem ser pensadas e pelo que se constatou o processo de ensino colaborativo deve ser feito do início ao final da formação. Nos serviços a realização de espaços de diálogo e reflexão precisa ser estabelecido e não por decisões legais, mas por espaços de integração e compartilhamento. As experiências apresentadas mostram muitas iniciativas e avaliações positivas entre as mais citadas as Residências Multiprofissionais e o PET-Saúde, entretanto, aponta as fragilidades na formação docente e nas preceptorias dos serviços e na estrutura dos serviços, apontando caminhos a seguir. Os usuários foram pouco investigados nos estudos. A lógica colaborativa certamente fortalece o Sistema Único de Saúde, as universidades, estudantes, usuários e fortalecem um país.
SCALING UP POSITIVE PARENTING PRACTICES IN UGANDA: RESEARCH EVIDENCE FROM AN INTEGRATED COMMUNITY-LED INITIATIVE FOR REDUCING VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN IN LIRA DISTRICT, NORTHERN UGANDA
Authors: Amollo Mathew , Bosco Apota John , Ahadwe Bangirana Clare , Musika Tom , Opobo Timothy
Published: September 2022

Community-based action research is increasingly gaining traction in development work, partly because of its benefits in contextualizing societal problems and “handing over the stick” to the communities; that is, researchers listen, question, and learn as the experts (the community members) identify their problems and define the change they desire. This research approach, therefore, empowers communities and is a shift from traditional research where the researcher presupposes that deductions about a phenomenon are to be made outside the natural environment. This research paper documents the use of participatory learning and action approaches in designing, implementing, and monitoring interventions to prevent violence against children in post-conflict northern Uganda, a region that suffered through the Lord’s Resistance insurgency from 1987 to 2006.
JUST TECHNOPANIC OR A REAL RISK? PUBLISHING CHILDREN’S PICTURES ONLINE: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Tuikong Sylvia
Published: September 2022

The internet has become an essential resource for social interaction among children, but it brings with it both advantages and disadvantages that depend in part on how it is used. This study, which is anchored in social learning theory, employed a desktop review of existing literature that focused on Kenya but covered global and other regional levels as well. The study found a number of benefits of the internet for children: updating family and friends on new developments in the children’s lives, reviewing photos and other records of past events, engaging in online interactions, and increasing their capacity for learning. Nonetheless, there are also internet-specific risks, such as access to inappropriate content and unsafe interactions with other children or adults. Other risks include “digital kidnapping” and contact with perpetrators who encourage children to engage in sexual activity. Although some countries have policies on internet usage, few have specific policies or guidelines addressing children’s vulnerability when sharing their pictures online. Moreover, most such policies are not applied in practice, especially in African countries. The study recommends developing and implementing policy frameworks to protect children online and using privacy settings to protect their information.
The effects of NPK fertilization on hay production and some yield components of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) in the dry steppe zone of Eastern Kazakhstan
Authors: KAMZİNA Gulim O. , SEİLGAZİNA Saule M. , SULEİMENOVA Saule E. , ZAKİEVA Araily A. , ZHAMANGARAYEVA Aigul
Published: September 2022

A three-year-long field experiment was conducted in a continuous grazing system with a variable stocking rate to evaluate effects of increasing NPK fertilization rates (Control- N0P0K0, N60P40K30, and N80P50K40) in crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) on hay production, some yield components and crude protein concentration in the dry steppe zone of Eastern Kazakhstan. At harvesting, hay production (fresh and dry weight), seeding rate (SER), shrub diameter (SHD), height of generative shoots (HGS), length of root leaves (LRL), weight per bush (WEB), percentage of leaves and vegetative shoots (LVS) and crude protein concentration of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) were determined. NPK fertilizer treatments increased hay production, SER, SHD, HGS, LRL, WEB, LVS and crude protein concentration. The results showed that crested wheatgrass at the N80P50K40 treatments achieved a higher hay production and some yield components of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) in the dry steppe zone of Eastern Kazakhstan than other NPK treatment and control.
Client-server system for monitoring the quality of TV broadcasting in Russia
Authors: Karyakin Vladimir L.
Published: September 2022

The strategy for the development of television and radio broadcasting in the Russian Federation until 2025 specifically states the need to ensure the reliability of uninterrupted television and radio broadcasting. The quality of DVB-T2 broadcasting is estimated by the data transmission rate and the bit error rate BER (Bit Error Ratio) stability margin «at the last mile» in the retransmitters’ broadcast zones. The distributed client-server system of broadcast quality monitoring in RF, proposed in the article, uses the necessary equipment, including BER sensors based on programmable receivers combined with single-board microcomputers implemented on SoC processors. Collection and processing of data in broadcasting areas with the help of the proposed monitoring system will allow specialists engaged in practical network development to make an objective conclusion about the necessity and ways of SFN network reconstruction to provide uninterrupted TV and radio broadcasting in RF. Modernization and technical re-equipment of SFN networks will provide a solution to the problems related to certification of satellite earth stations and transmitters of SFN networks, provision of various services and broadcasting services of DVB-T2 standard to the population with high quality.
The calculation of a two-cascade long-period fiber grating of the refractive index
Authors: Budaragin Roman V. , Kurzenkov Mikhail I. , Radionov Aleksandr A. , Salasenko Zinaida Yu.
Published: September 2022

A method is proposed for calculating the spectral characteristics of cascade long-period fiber gratings of the refractive index of the core based on the method of partial regions and decomposition. According to the method, the structure is represented as a cascade connection of basic inhomogeneities, each of which is a junction of several optical fibers with different dielectric and geometric parameters. Approbation of the method was carried out by reducing the structure to a single long-period fiber grating and comparing the results with the results obtained using other calculation methods. The results matched graphical accuracy. The advantage of the method is the possibility to theoretically study the effect of dielectric and geometric parameters on the spectral properties of the structure, as well as significantly save time resources. The transmission spectra of gratings with different parameters of period T, grating length L, and distance between gratings Lf are presented.
Identifying Social-Emotional Skills Among Elementary School Students in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Le Dung My , Dao Oanh Thi , Nguyen-Thi Hang-Phuong , Nguyen Tram-Anh Thi
Published: September 2022

A child's or adolescent's social-emotional abilities are crucial as protective components in their overall development since they protect them from a variety of behavioral and mental health problems, including risky conduct and psychological symptoms such as rage, despair, and anxiety. The major purpose of this study was to investigate the social-emotional abilities of Vietnamese elementary school children, specifically their ability to collaborate and empathize with others and the ability to regulate their emotions and solve problems. Students in the 4th and 5th grades completed the 40-item questionnaire, with 562 boys and 764 girls answering the questions in total. As a result of the research, the primary finding indicated that social-emotional skills in elementary school children can be identified, strengthened, and nurtured. These skills enable children to accumulate and apply knowledge effectively to solve problems in life, achieve academic goals and become more empathetic to others, and build and cultivate better relationships with their peers and teachers.
Spirometric Indices of Charcoal Smoke Exposed Food Grillers in Yenagoa South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Nathan Onini E. , Johnbull Jumbo , Emmanuel Edafe A. , Peter Ikuabe O. , Gregory Erhabor E.
Published: September 2022

Background: Pulmonary function is an important marker of the effects of air pollution on the exposed population. Mild to moderate reductions of FEV1/FVC, FEV1, FEV1%, PEF, and FEF25–75 have been associated with the exposure to biomass burning in cross-sectional studies. Some hospital-based case-control studies, confirm that people exposed to biomass smoke have high risk for developing airflow obstruction with significant reduction of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC.
However, none of these studies has evaluated lung function parameters among charcoal smoke exposed food grillers.
Therefore this index study took a look at spirometric indices among food grillers exposed to charcoal smoke in Yenagoa, South-South Nigeria.
Methods: This was a comparative observational cross-sectional study of charcoal smoke exposed spirometric indices of food grillers compared to fruit sellers The Medical Research Council (MRC) Questionnaire was administered to participants and a “one-on-one” interview was conducted by the researcher using the questionnaires.Information obtained included socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, marital status and level of education. Spirometry was performed in accordance with the ATS/ERS using standard single reusable turbine spirometer (MIR Spirobank II Basic; manufactured by P & A Medical Limited).  Spirograms that met the ATS/ERS criteria for acceptability were used. Information obtained with the spirometer were FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEF and FEF25-75. A portable HANA analogue weight machine was used to weigh the study participants and a flexible plastic tape measure was used to measure the heights of participants
Results: A total of one hundred and sixty (160) participants made up of eighty (80) food-grillers and fruit-sellers (controls) respectively were recruited for this study. A normal lung function pattern was found in 60 (75.0%) of food-grillers and 72 (90.0%) of controls. This shows that more fruit-sellers had normal lung function pattern, and this was statistically significant (p = 0.013).  Obstructive pattern was found in 16 (20.0%) of food-grillers and 6 (7.5%) of controls (p = 0.022).
The mean lung function values for food-grillers compared to fruit sellers were: FEV1=2.8±0.5L vs 3.2±0.5 (72.3±5.8% predicted); FVC=3.6±0.6L vs 3.9±0.8 (76.8±6.6% predicted), FEV1/FVC=78.5±4.9 vs 85.3 ±5.3 (77.1±5.4% predicted); PEF=5.7± 1.2L/s vs 6.9 ±2.9 (81.6±7.3% predicted) and FEF25-75=2.8±0.8L/s vs 3.0 (±0.4) (80.5±15.3% predicted).  The values were statistically different between food-grillers and controls (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:

Exposure to charcoal smoke is associated with the development of lung function abnormalities and reduction in lung function parameters.
Increasing exposure time to charcoal smoke increase the likelihood of lung function abnormalities.
Metodologia MFA: análise da percepção da qualidade percebida pelo cliente em uma empresa do setor metalomecânico
Authors: Moreira Juan Pablo Silva , Leonel Henrique Pereira , Vida Laércio José , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira
Published: September 2022

A maturidade de mercados como indústria tem gerado uma maior rentabilidade, ao mesmo passo que permite o desenvolvimento e criação de novos produtos. O objetivo do presente trabalho é de evidenciar, com o auxílio na metodologia Market Feedback Analysis (MFA), a satisfação dos clientes quanto à qualidade dos sidecars fabricadas pela Empresa Alfa, viabilizando desta maneira, o processo de melhoria contínua dos produtos comercializados pela organização. Por isso, a fim de tornar a concretização visível aos colaboradores da empresa, nessa análise foram utilizados formulários de maneira descritiva e qualitativa, pois essas formas pesquisa permitem maior interação com o cotidiano da linha de produção organizacional. Com base na verificação desenvolvida ao longo deste trabalho, verificou-se que a aplicação da metodologia MFA permite evidenciar, com o auxílio das opiniões do cliente, as melhorias de modo a garantir que o produto atenda as necessidades dos consumidores.
Los retos de la criminología desde las propuestas utópicas de Lawrence W. Sherman
Authors: Vargas-Téllez Geormar
Published: September 2022

La prevención del delito debe tomar diversos enfoques para enfrentar el problema de la criminalidad. El presente estudio abordará la justicia restaurativa, la criminología desde las instituciones de salud y la criminología de la estadística como los tres enfoques –sin ser limitativos– que recomienda Lawrence W. Sherman para prevenir el delito. El estudio es de carácter descriptivo con un enfoque documental, tomando en consideración algunas realidades de Nicaragua.
Autoeficacia delictual: un potente constructo para la predicción y prevención de la conducta delictiva del sujeto
Authors: González Jesús , Escalina Jackelin , Lauretti Paola
Published: September 2022

La criminología moderna al formular que los sujetos delincuentes aprenden a serlo, y prever la existencia de factores de riesgo, los cuales favorecen la reincidencia, se ve impulsada a considerar todos aquellos planteamientos que tratan al delito integralmente; a tales efectos, el objeto de este trabajo es analizar la autoeficacia delictual como potente constructo para la predicción y prevención del comportamiento delictivo del sujeto. Su desarrollo prevé la precisión histórico-terminológica del constructo, la capacidad explicativa-predictiva y dimensiones del mismo, la interrelación entre autoeficacia delictual, prevención penal y seguridad ciudadana integral, y finalmente la validez del constructo dentro de la reinserción social, reseñando que la autoeficacia delictual explica y predice al delito, logrando ser eficaz en programas resocializadores.
Generalized tetanus in an eight-year-old girl: a case report
Authors: YİMENİCİOĞLU Sevgi , TURHAN Sevil , SAGLAM Celal , BİLDİRİCİ Yaşar , AKDEMİR Bekir
Published: September 2022

Tetanus, a vaccine-preventable disease threatens life. Tetanus has four clinical presentations: neonatal, localized, cephalic, and generalized. Generalized tetanus was the most common presenting feature on admission to the hospital. We report a case with generalized tetanus with difficulty swallowing and sore throat by admission. She was eight years old. She had symptoms on the fifth day of nail soak. She rapidly developed an opisthotonic posture on the first day of admission. She was discharged on foot on the seventieth day. Generalized tetanus should be kept in mind that a patient may be admitted to a hospital with difficulty swallowing and a sore throat.