bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of selenomethionine on the growth, oxidative potential, digestive enzyme activity, and immune status of juvenile sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus)
Authors: Jarmołowicz Sylwia , Prusińska Maja , Wiszniewski Grzegorz , Schulz Patrycja , Kamaszewski Maciej , Szudrowicz Hubert , Wiechetek Wiktoria , Kawalski Kacper , Duda Arkadiusz , Sikorska Justyna , Kapusta Andrzej
Published: September 2024

In a 56-day experiment, the effects of selenium-enriched yeast (SeY) on the growth, enzymatic activity of the gastrointestinal tract, oxidative stress parameters, and selected immunological parameters of sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus (L.), were analyzed. The concentration of selenomethionine (SeMet) from SeY in the feed was 0 mg kg−1 (C), 0.7 mg kg−1 feed (S1), 1.4 mg kg−1 feed (S2), and 2.1 mg kg−1 feed (S3). Statistically significant differences were found in the final fish body weight between the control and groups S1 and S3. A significant increase in lipase activity was found in the initial section of the small intestine of fish from group S3. The highest activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase was recorded in the liver of fish from group S2. Analyses of non-specific humoral response parameters showed an increase in ceruloplasmin activity in group S1. The lowest active dose of SeMet derived from yeast tested in this study that stimulated humoral immunity and fish growth was 0.7 mg kg−1 feed (S1).
Spawning biology, breeding, and larval rearing techniques for Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton) for aquaculture and recreational use in Bangladesh: The first approach
Authors: Paul Shyamal Kumar , Sarker Bhakta Supratim , Sultana Nahid , Pall Jewel Chandra , Perven Tania , Saha Debasish , Majumdar Priyanka Rani
Published: September 2024

The study examined Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton) breeding biology, reproduction, and larval rearing. In this study, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and fecundity were measured for breeding biology every 15 days. Nine doses of common carp pituitary gland (CPG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and Ovaprim for breeding were administered, except in the control treatment that was without hormones. Mustard oil cake (D1), powdered feed (D2), and one-day-old live tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) larvae (D3) were used to determine larval survival after 28 days. From the end of May to mid-July, the mean GSI value exceeded 15 ± 0.72%, peaking at 16.02 ± 1.28% in June. Mean fecundity ranged from 110 ± 13.34 to 2961 ± 318.57, peaking at the end of June 2019, which indicated that this was the peak breeding season for X. cancila. The best spawning was with CPG at 20 mg kg−1 fish body weight (BW) and Ovaprim at 1.0 ml kg−1 BW, but the control group (B) and the group administered 500 IU kg-1 HCG (H1) did not spawn. Latency and hatching periods were 19-21 and 260-288 h, respectively. The highest fertilization, hatching, and survival rates were 92 ± 4.63%, 69 ± 5.52%, and 66 ± 4.11% with 20 mg kg−1 CPG (C2), while the next closest value was recorded with 1.0 ml kg−1 Ovaprim (O2). After 28 days, D3 had the highest survival rate (47.5 ± 4.62%), followed by D2 (31 ± 2.42%), and D1 (18 ± 1.54%). The findings will be useful for hatcheries, fish farmers, the ornamental fish sector, and biodiversity protection.
Exploring the meaning of care among lived experiences of patients with blindness: an interpretive phenomenological study†
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad Ali , Heidarzadeh Mehdi , Mehri Saeed , Shamshiri Mahmood
Published: September 2024

Objective

To explore the meaning of care experienced by people with blindness in hospitals.

Methods

Interpretive phenomenology along with the 6-step method of van Manen was used to conduct the study. Using purposeful sampling, 15 people with legal blindness were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to isolate the meaning of care.

Results

Five themes emerged: (a) nurses in the eyes of patients with blindness; (b) negligence in the caring moments; (c) being cared for in ambiguity; (d) Uncoordinated care; and (e) Psychological discomfort. These sub-themes were condensed into an overarching theme titled as “marginalized patients inside the stereotypical healthcare system.”

Conclusions

Lived experiences of patients with blindness revealed that hospitals provide stereotypic or inappropriate care for this minority group in society. Health professionals particularly nurses should be skilled to provide person-centered and coordinated care for patients with blindness.
The Specifics of Modern Political Communication in Germany: the Fight For Lexicon
Authors: Kashenkova I. S. , Kashenkov R. Y.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This article highlights some aspects of modern political communication in Germany. Various linguistic and extralinguistic factors determine the relevance of the problem. The main purpose of the article is to look at the sphere of “language and politics” from the point of view of their interrelation, to demonstrate the power that the language of politics has over public opinion and the political situation in the country. To this end, the article describes the language of politics in terms of political linguistics, offers a classification of political vocabulary, and characterizes word–symbols, such as Liberty, Safety, Democracy and Terrorism as a reasonable way of expression and differentiation between words and political content. It is noted that political communication as an ideological discourse is aimed at the fight for power, while the main task of the language of politics is the fight for vocabulary, which ultimately is the fight for voters. The desire to influence the political preferences of voters in conditions of a worsening migration crisis in Germany dictates the need to consciously choose one’s words: positive words-banners, such as Peace, Fairness and Safety, to increase the importance of their position in public opinion, or to mobilize their own supporters; or negative words-labels, such as Terrorist, Islamist and Extremism, to reduce the importance of the position of the enemy or verbally attack one’s political opponent. Through the example of actual concepts of migration discourse, namely welcome culture, leading culture, farewell culture, the article examines the strategies and tactics through which political communication is a struggle for vocabulary, thus showing the correlation of language and policy.
Storytelling in the Inclusive L2 Classroom
Authors: Bovshik A. S. , Gaivoronskaya S. O.
Published: September 2024

This paper examines storytelling as a technology of teaching foreign languages with the help of fascinating stories in the inclusive environment. The relevance of developing inclusive education, i.e. integrating students with different individual characteristics (in particular, disabilities) into the learning process, is highlighted. In this regard, the concept of cognitive learning styles and Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences are characterized as not quite suitable for the role of a general foundation of language teaching methodology in an inclusive classroom. Krashen’s Monitor Model, in its turn, is adopted as the theoretical basis of the modern approach to second language acquisition, emphasizing the importance of comprehensible input (received speech material) and emotional filter (psychological barrier) as key factors in the development of speech competence. In light of this, the advantages of a multisensory approach to language learning, and, in particular, the inclusive potential of using multisensory stories and having students create their own stories with the support of a teacher (storybuilding), are clarified. Thus, storytelling is considered by the authors of the article as a universal method for developing both receptive and productive speech skills in a foreign language for all kinds of students, including children with disabilities. The paper contains methodological recommendations regarding the implementation of storytelling technology in an inclusive classroom, including the conditions for effective assimilation of educational material by students with special educational needs. The principles of scaffolding (teacher support), mutual cooperation, clarity of instructions, sequence of material presentation, individualized information delivery forms, emotional involvement and integration are also explained. Based on the research literature on psychology, inclusive pedagogy and language education (Vygotsky, Rubinstein, Asher, Krashen), as well as some case studies featuring diverse students with varying disabilities, the authors argue for the need to gradually shift from skill-building to implicit teaching (and learning).
Manifestations of Natural Written Speech: Inscriptions on Photos
Authors: Krasovskaya N. A. , Kositsina P. Yu.
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of this article is to consider certain genres of natural writing. The very concept of “natural written speech” at the present time has not received a complete and comprehensive interpretation. However, there are fewer examples of it today. In part, the disappearance of the genres of natural writing is associated with the onset of the digital era, when people stopped writing physical letters and notes, ceased making notes for themselves, and no longer annotated and signed photographs. Many genres of writing are capable of giving an idea of the writer in the same way as the varieties of oral speech. In natural written speech, some features of personality and linguistic personality are manifested. The aim of the research, presented in the article, is to analyse inscriptions on photographs from the viewpoint of their lexis, punctuation, and graphical layout to define the chronotope and personal characteristics of the authors of this genre of written discourse. The focus is on the linguistic means of inscriptions on photos, i. e., the graphic, lexical, derivational and other features. In the process of analysing the inscriptions, the main varieties of this genre were identified: inscriptions made as a memento; inscriptions that represent the definition of an event or time and place; inscriptions made to convey information to close relatives, etc. In addition, the inscriptions on photographs can be classified by keywords, if possible, determining the chronotope, by the use of graphic means, by the location of the inscription itself in the photograph. To a certain extent, the inscriptions made on photographs reflect the personality traits of a person. The analysis shows that inscriptions on photographs were a forerunner of sorts of personal pages on Instagram.
The Diplomat, Strategist, Intelligence Officer, Historian – in the Service of Russia. Prince Alexey B. Lobanov-Rostovsky
Authors: Fedorova E. S.
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the life and various activities of the outstanding diplomat Prince Alexey B. Lobanov-Rostovsky (1824–1896). The name of Lobanov-Rostovsky was not mentioned in the academic literature until the first decade of the 21st century. Then Lobanov began to be remembered thanks to the efforts of his descendant Prince Nikita D. Lobanov-Rostovsky, who initiated a number of studies about the prominent diplomat. A fundamental monograph on Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky has now been prepared. His international activity as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary took place during some of the most difficult political periods of the time: in Constantinople (1859–1863 and 1878–1879), London (1879–1882) and Vienna (1882–1895). He always managed to solve the most pressing problems using skillful diplomatic tools. He was appointed Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs during the challenging period of restructuring of social and public institutions in Russia. It was the era of the so called Great Reforms of Emperor Alexander II. The position was offered to the Prince on account of his superior intellect, strategic foresight and tactical flexibility. During his 11 years in the post (1867–1878), Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky often performed the duties of a minister. During this time, the legal norms of the state and its relations with society significantly improved. In 1870, Alexey B. Lobanov-Rostovsky received the honorary position of State-Secretary of His Imperial Majesty, that is, the Emperor's personal speaker, a position he held until the end of his life. Both Emperor Alexander II and Nicholas II treated Lobanov-Rostovsky with a special warmth. Lobanov-Rostovsky managed to conclude the Russian-Turkish final Peace Treaty of 1879, which put an end to the war between the two countries. This agreement gave Russia significant moral and material results and marked the beginning of the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria, the first steps towards Bulgarian statehood. Lobanov-Rostovsky served as Foreign Minister for 18 months (1895–1896), during which time he brought Russia significant results on the world stage and was highly appreciated both in Russia and around the world. This article talks about the different sides of the prince’s extraordinary personality. A true polymath, proficient in the Russian antiquity, he became a bibliophile, collector, genealogist and historian. He wrote carefully considered commentaries on the historical documents he discovered, and for 14 years (1871–1885) he systematically published his work in history journals. This article examines memoir entries of Lobanov-Rostovsky’s contemporaries about the diplomat, as well as the latest research about him.
Fragile Ties: Spanish Themes in Soviet Porcelain
Authors: Grantseva E. O.
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the so-called “Spanish theme” in Soviet porcelain. The author analyses the reflection of the stereotypical perception of Spain in small porcelain sculptures of the Soviet period produced by a variety of manufactures. Among the components of the Spanish theme, the author highlights the images of flamenco (Spanish dance), bullfighting, the most recognizable heroes of Cervantes (Don Quixote and Sancho Panza), and the fiery Carmen who was created by Prosper Mérimée and has become the stereotypical image of a nineteenth- century Spanish woman in the popular imagination thanks to the musical and dance pieces of the same name. These traditional components of the perception of Spain in the twentieth century were supplemented by the interpretation of a turning point in Spanish history – the Civil War of 1936–1939 – in propaganda porcelain. This article proposes another perspective on the Spanish theme in Soviet porcelain and considers the formation of the images of Spaniards, men and women. Such images are reflected in all the plots presented in this paper. Most of the sculptural works by different generations of Soviet porcelain masters are devoted to dance. The author concludes that dance scenes, including the ones that refer to Carmen, are fundamental for the Spanish theme in Soviet porcelain.
Linguistic Means of Speech Manipulation in the Discourse of Modern German-Language Media
Authors: Kashenkova I. S.
Published: September 2024

This article touches upon the problem of identifying and analysing speech manipulation in the texts of the German-speaking media. The media determines linguistic and cultural pictures of the world, so the analysis of media language will help to establish trends of influence on the cognitive consciousness of society. In today’s geopolitical environment, the basic functions of the media transform, as it uses specific techniques of speech manipulation to achieve informational and emotive effectiveness, allowing for the distortion of the cognitive perception of information by the audience. The material for this study was German-language media texts, selected by means of a total sampling and semantic-syntactic analysis. The relevance of the study lies in its linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The author states that in the conditions of information pollution all the participants of communication should be able to identify speech manipulation in a text, qualify information in terms of its significance or reliability, and to the risks of exposure to manipulative actions. Taking the peculiarities of speech manipulation methods used in the modern German-language media texts into account, the recipient must have sufficient interpretational competence to allow him or her to overcome the barriers that prevent the identification and mental comprehension of the means of speech manipulation in the texts of foreign-language publications. The main purpose of this study is to remove some difficulties in the perception of information in German-language media text by presenting signs of indirect pressure and speech manipulation in them. To this end, the article classifies the basic techniques of speech manipulation in terms of linguistic analysis, and also justifies the expediency of forming interpretative competence in the sphere of epistemic vigilance. We argue that this competence is effective when it comes to levelling the negative impact of the discourse of German-language media on the cognitive consciousness of the audience.
An Essay on Annotating Connectives in a Japanese Text – Lessons and Prospects
Authors: Chironov S. V.
Published: September 2024

This paper offers an overview of an attempt to annotate a text in Japanese with the aim of pointing out all possible connections between elementary chunks of discourse, and the connective devices marking them. Being the first experience in Japanese, it asks for a certain adjustment of the annotation rules already used in the existing schools. This primarily touches upon what entities are connected and also upon the definition of a connective. Furthermore, semantic areas covered by connectives also need correction if reviewed through an in-depth analysis of the speaker’s intentions. The obstacles met while carrying out the annotation focus around two linguistic factors, as do the pervasive patterns revealed. On the one hand, the structural specifics of the Japanese language cause the speaker to forego multiple transformations that warp the surface structure in order to attain linear development of his or her line of discourse. On the other hand, the genre of the linguistic material (a lecture in tourism marketing) is largely accountable for dominating Causality and Discourse Deployment areas of connectives. It is through those that a higher level of pragmatic motivation is achieved in the explicit markers of the text structure – which turns out crucial in making the speech more persuasive.
Deep Machine Learning for Automatic Segmentation of the Pancreatic Parenchyma and its hypo- and hypervascular lesions on CT Images
Authors: Zamyatina K. A. , Zharikova A. V. , Kondratev E. V. , Ustalov A. A. , Staroverov N. E. , Nefedev N. A. , Gozheva A. R. , Shmeleva S. A. , Karmazanovsky G. G.
Published: September 2024

Objective of the study. To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a technology for  segmenting the pancreatic parenchyma and its hyper- and hypovascular lesions on abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans using deep machine learning.

Materials and methods. CT scans from the database of the A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery were used for training and testing the algorithms – a total number of approximately 150 studies (arterial and venous phases). A test dataset of 46 anonymized CT scans (arterial and venous phases) was prepared for validation of the obtained algorithms, independently assessed by expert physicians. The primary segmentation neural network used is nn-UNet (M. Antonelli et al., 2022).

Results. The average accuracy of the test dataset for the model determining segmentation masks of the pancreas on CT images had an AUC of 0.8 for the venous phase and 0.85 for the arterial phase. The segmentation masks of pancreatic formations had an AUC of 0.6.

Conclusion. Automated segmentation of the pancreatic parenchyma structure using deep machine learning technologies demonstrated high accuracy. However, the segmentation of hypo- and hypervascular pancreatic lesions requires improvement. The overlap of the masks showed a rather low result, but in all cases, the location of the pathological formation was correctly identified by the algorithm. Enhancing the training dataset and the algorithm used could increase the accuracy of the algorithm.

No false negative results were obtained when detecting pancreatic formations; in all cases, the INS detected “suspicious” areas of the pancreatic parenchyma. This can help reduce the omission of pancreatic pathologies in CT scans, and their further assessment can be carried out by the radiologist himself.
MRI-signs of structural and perfusion changes in chronic cerebral ischemia in liquidators of the aftermath of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in the remote period
Authors: Kulikova T. A. , Meshkov N. A. , Solodkyi V. A. , Nudnov N. V. , Sergeev N. I.
Published: September 2024

Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) was detected in 87% of the examined liquidators of accidents at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant 7–8 years after participating in emergency recovery work with a radiation dose of ≤0.3 Gy. Analysis of the conducted studies shows that the results of structural methods of radiation diagnostics do not always correlate with the severity of the clinical picture. The use of an extended MRI examination of the brain to assess the correlation of anatomical and functional indicators of various observation groups in people with chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency seems promising.

Purpose. To compare structural MRI data of the brain and indicators of cerebral hemodynamic perfusion in LPA and patients in the control group.

Materials and methods: 147 patients aged from 55 to 87 years old with a diagnosis of chronic cerebrovascular disease were examined. The main group – 93 patients, the comparison group – 54 patients who were not exposed to radiation. The identified changes were assessed by the degree of atrophy of white and gray matter, by the degree of gliosis changes, and were compared with the data of perfusion parameters.

Results. Signs of the atrophic process of the brain were detected in 93.9% of the main group and in 76.7% of patients from the comparison group, microangiopathy – in 100.0 and 83.4%. The risk of developing atrophy and microangiopathy in LPA is 1.24 (p = 0.041) and 1.14 (p = 0.008), respectively. When comparing MRI perfusion parameters (CBV, CBF and MTT) between the cortex and glia in patients of the main and control groups, it was found that the cortex/glia ratio between CBV and CBF in the OG is lower than in the GS by 13.9 and 24.2, respectively %. A comparative analysis of MRI perfusion parameters showed that in LPA the ratio between CBV in the glia and cortex of the right hemisphere is lower, by 0.3 and 11.7%, and in the left hemisphere – by 19.3 and 22.9%. CBF in the glia of the right hemisphere of the LPA is increased by 6.9%, and in the cortex it is decreased by 14.2%, in the left hemisphere – by respectively 9.8 and 13.4%.

Conclusions. The study showed the high efficiency of contrast MRI perfusion and made it possible to identify the correlation of structural and perfusion changes in different research groups.
Data For a History of Behavior Analysis in Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Souza Felipe Maciel dos Santos , Borri Vanessa
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The present article aimed to characterize the diffusion of Behavior Analysis in Mato Grosso do Sul.
 
Theoretical framework: The production of historical research in Behavior Analysis occurs througt diferente sources. One proposal for such a study is based on production in the area develped in different Brazilian states.
 
Method/design/approach: Based on the historiography methodology, using resources from bibliometrics and scientometrics with mixed analysis on the contribution of the collection Dialogues in Behavior Analysis, a publication by organizers of the Behavior Analysis’s event in Mato Grosso do Sul. For this purpose, the four volumes of the collection published between 2016 and 2024 were analyzed.
 
Results and discussion: The results show that 44 chapters were published, signed by 73 authors, affiliated with19 institutions, five of wich were from Mato Grosso do Sul, 13 from other states ando ne from Argentina. There were 15 authors who signed alone or co-authored 93% of the texts. Regarding the categroization of chapters, 52% were classified as conceptual texts, while only 11% were classified as basic research.
 
Research implications: The study provides data for a characterization of Behavior Analysis in Mato Grosso do Sul. From the data, it is possible to identify strengths and weaknesses and plan activities to consolidate the area.
 
Originality value: The collection proved to be very relevant for the dissemination of the area in the state, in addition to highlighting the scientific resistance of behavior analystis from Mato Grosso do Sul, who managed to maintain the production and launch of volumes even in the face of the pandemic scenario and difficulty faced by Brazilian science passed during the presidential term between 2019 and 2022.
МОДЕЛЬ ФОРМУВАННЯ КРЕАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ І КУЛЬТУР
Authors: Майєр Наталія
Published: September 2024

У статті обґрунтовано й розроблено модель формування креативної компетентності майбутніх викладачів іноземних мов і культур, яка містить такі компоненти: мета, підходи, методи, технології, засоби, результат формування креативної компетентності, діяльність викладача і діяльність студентів. Теоретичне підґрунтя моделі складають компетентнісний, технологічний, особистійсно-діяльнісний, рефлексивний підходи, які зумовлюють вибір методів, технологій, засобів навчання та контролю і діяльність викладача та студентів з їх використанням.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО РОЗРОБКИ НАВЧАЛЬНО-МЕТОДИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ “НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ У ГАЛУЗІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ”
Authors: Гриньова Марина , Титаренко Ольга
Published: September 2024

У статті розглянуто концептуальні підходи до розробки навчально-методичного забезпечення дисципліни “Науково-дослідницька діяльність у галузі технологічної освіти”. Виявлено основні виклики та перспективи, з якими стикаються заклади освіти під час інтеграції новітніх технологічних рішень у процес навчання. Окреслено ключові аспекти, необхідні для ефективного залучення студентів до наукових досліджень у технологічній сфері, зокрема, розвиток критичного мислення, аналітичних здібностей та вміння застосовувати теоретичні знання на практиці.
Аналіз підходів до викладання показав, що значну роль відіграє створення мотиваційного середовища, яке стимулює наукову ініціативу та самостійність студентів. Було визначено, що сучасні освітні технології можуть значно підвищити ефективність навчального процесу, якщо їх правильно інтегрувати в курс. Також було з’ясовано, що систематичне включення практичних занять та реальних наукових проєктів забезпечує краще розуміння предмету та сприяє застосуванню здобутих знань у майбутній професійній діяльності.
ВИСТАВКА ЯК РЕЗУЛЬТАТ ТВОРЧОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ГАЛУЗІ ДЕКОРАТИВНО-УЖИТКОВОГО МИСТЕЦТВА ТА ЕТНОДИЗАЙНУ
Authors: Оршанський Леонід , Мельник Галина , Ліщинська-Кравець Галина
Published: September 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню фахових компетенцій майбутніх учителів технологій, які формуються у межах навчальних дисциплін “Декоративно-ужиткове мистецтво” та “Етнодизайн”, зокрема й засобами виставкової діяльності як важливого засобу репрезентації їхніх творчих здібностей. Актуальність дослідження зумовлена сучасними тенденціями трансформації професійних компетенцій цієї педагогічної спеціальності, що широко відображаються як у творчій художньо-трудовій діяльності зі створення традиційних і сучасних виробів, так і їх презентації на виставках різного рангу. У статті розглянуто можливості участі студентів в цих спеціалізованих заходах як у ролі відвідувачів, так і учасників, які експонують власноруч створені вироби. Такого роду активність вбачається важливою складовою прикладного аспекту фахової підготовки майбутніх учителів технологій, оскільки значною мірою сприяє систематизації, поглибленню та розширенню набутих ними теоретичних знань у різних галузях – художньому проєктуванні, декоративно-ужитковому мистецтві, етнодизайні й ін. Результати дослідження розширюють знання про методичний потенціал виставкових заходів у розвитку професійних компетентностей майбутніх учителів технологій.
ГОТОВНІСТЬ НАУКОВО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ДО СТВОРЕННЯ ПРОЄКТНОЇ КОМАНДИ
Authors: Піддячий Володимир
Published: September 2024

У статті розглянуто сутність готовності науково-педагогічних працівників до створення проєктної команди. Акцентовано на сучасних тенденціях реформування освіти та зростанні значення проєктного підходу до здійснення наукових досліджень. Зазначено, що у цьому контексті науково-педагогічним працівникам важливо розвивати уміння створювати команду для розроблення та реалізації проєктів у сфері освіти і науки. Розкрито шляхи підвищення ефективності, продуктивності, інноваційності та конкурентоспроможності діяльності проєктної команди. Виокремлено її сутнісні ознаки та умови успішного функціонування. Розглянуто принципи формування та діяльності проєктної команди науково-педагогічних працівників, досліджено стадії її розвитку, рольову структуру та критерії оцінювання, які підлягають моніторингу.
Static and Dynamic Properties of Small-world Connection Topologies Based on Transit-stub Networks
Authors:   Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Aguirre Carlos , Corbacho Fernando ,   Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Huerta Ramón ,   Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain,   Institute of Nonlinear Science University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0402
Published: September 2024

Many real complex networks are believed to belong to a class called small-world (SW) networks. SW networks are graphs with high local clustering and small distances between nodes. A standard approach to constructing SW networks consists of varying the probability of rewiring each edge on a regular graph. As the initial substrate for the regular graph some specific topologies are usually selected such as ring-lattices or grids. However, these regular graphs are not suitable for modeling certain hierarchical topologies. A new regular substrate is proposed in this paper. The proposed substrate resembles topologies with certain hierarchical properties more accurately. Then, different dynamics inspired by networking protocols are used to characterize dynamical properties of a network. Measuring transmission times and error rates lead us to consider networks with SW features as the most reliable and fastest, regardless of the routing policies.
A pilot study on the efficacy of 10600 nm carbon dioxide laser ablation in treatment of eyelid margin lesions
Authors: J.P Prathibha , Bhingradia Yogesh M. , Priya Devi , Pawar Smit B. , Muthukumarasamy Vivek
Published: September 2024

Objectives:

Eyelid margin lesions cause discomfort by impeding both central and peripheral vision, depending on their position on the eyelids, thus hindering everyday routines. However, surgical excision, radiofrequency, electrocautery, and cryosurgery are employed for treatment, although they are complicated and have functional limitations. Carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers were used to assess the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction with CO2 laser ablation in managing eyelid margin lesions.

Material and Methods:

This is a pilot study of patients with eyelid margin lesions presented to a private clinic in urban Gujarat between June 2020 and June 2023. All patients were treated with a 10600 nm CO2 laser with a power of 1–2 W in continuous mode. The eyelid lesions were classified into three categories based on their size: Small (1–3 mm), medium (4–6 mm), and large (7–10 mm). The clinical response was assessed by the treating physician at week 1 and week 4, and categorized as excellent (complete clearance of lesion), moderate (>50%), or poor (<50%). Patients were asked to rate their level of satisfaction on a three-point scale at the end of the follow-up period: Dissatisfied, somewhat satisfied, or very satisfied.

Results:

Ten patients of all females with six of them having compound melanocytic nevi, two of them each had cystic hidradenoma, and one each had cyst of zeis and verruca vulgaris. Six of them had small lesions, two had medium, and two had large lesions. The clinical response grading of physicians at both 1 week and 4 weeks was excellent, and the patient satisfaction questionnaire yielded excellent outcomes.

Conclusion:

The ablative CO2 laser is an excellent device used for the treatment of eyelid margin lesions, particularly when performed by an expert and skilled dermatologist. The application of this treatment approach has proven to be very beneficial and shows excellent results in terms of both the esthetic appearance and structural function of the eyelids.
Greenhouse Temperature Control System
Authors: Доманов В.И. , Доманов А.В. , Певчева Е.В.
Published: September 2024

Проведен анализ и синтез системы управления температурой теплицы. Отмечены особенности объекта управления большая инерционность и изменение параметров в процессе эксплуатации. Для повышения точности, стабильности точности и стабильности поддержания заданного значения температуры предлагается использовать инвариантные цепи и упреждающую коррекцию. С учетом этого синтезирована структурная схема исследуемой системы. Приводятся формулы и рекомендации по настройке системы. Для повышения эффективности инвариантной цепи необходимо использовать инерционность объекта управления. Применение упреждающей коррекции изменяет коэффициент передачи системы. Для его восстановления предлагается включить компенсирующую цепь. Настройка на требуемый режим работы с учетом изменяющихся параметров выполнена на основе определения показателя колебательности. По полученным результатам построены 3Dграфики, позволяющие выбрать параметры упреждающей коррекции. Проведено моделирование системы и построены графики, подтверждающие эффективность принятых решений.

The analysis and synthesis of the greenhouse temperature control system was carried out. The features of the control object large inertia and change in parameters during operation are noted. To improve the accuracy and stability of accuracy and stability of maintaining a given temperature value, it is proposed to use invariant chains and proactive correction. With this in mind, the structural scheme of the system under study was synthesized. The formulas and recommendations for setting up the system are given. To increase the efficiency of the invariant chain, it is necessary to use the inertia of the control object. The use of proactive correction changes the transmission coefficient of the system. To restore it, it is proposed to switch on the compensating circuit. The setting for the required mode of operation, taking into account the changing parameters, is made on the basis of the determination of the vibrational index. According to the obtained results, 3Dgraphics were built, allowing to select the parameters of the proactive correction. A system simulation was carried out and graphs were constructed confirming the effectiveness of the decisions made.
Problems of Choice of Fire Automatics for Linear Metro Objects
Authors: Прохоров В.П.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы пожарной опасности транспортных тоннелей метрополитена, кабельных линий, узлов крепления контактного рельса, а также кладовых службы пути. Помимо этого, приведена обширная статистика пожаров в транспортных тоннелях, которая позволяет сделать ряд выводов и сформировать предпосылки выбора типа пожарной автоматики для линейных объектов метрополитена. В качестве меры предупреждения несчастных случаев предлагается организовать допожарный визуальный контроль, для чего требуется разработка специального Регламента оперативных действий диспетчерского аппарата, Ситуационного центра и работников соответствующих служб метрополитена по результатам визуального контроля температурного поля линейных объектов.

The article deals with the fire danger of metropolitan transport tunnels, cable lines, attachment points of the contact rail, and also the storerooms of the railway service. In addition, there is an extensive statistics of fires in transport tunnels, which allows us to draw a number of conclusions and form the prerequisites for choosing the type of fire automatics for linear metro facilities. As a measure to prevent accidents, it is proposed to organize a prefire visual inspection, which requires the development of special Regulations for operational actions of the dispatching apparatus, Situation Center and employees of relevant metro services based on the results of visual monitoring of the temperature field of linear objects.
Intellectual Control Methods of the Induction Soldering of Spacecraft’s Waveguide Paths
Authors: Милов А.В. , Тынченко В.С.
Published: September 2024

Управление технологическим процессом индукционной пайки тонкостенных алюминиевых волноводных трактов космических аппаратов является сложным и трудоемким процессом. Классические методы управления не обеспечивают достаточного контроля параметров быстропротекающего процесса. В статье рассматривается возможность применения интеллектуальных методов для управления технологическим процессом индукционной пайки волноводных трактов космических аппаратов. В работе проведен обзор интеллектуальных методов, подходящих для решения задачи управления технологическим процессом индукционной пайки, а также анализ эффективности выбранных интеллектуальных методов на основе натурных экспериментальных исследований. По результатам анализа выбран наиболее эффективный метод интеллектуального управления индукционной пайкой волноводных трактов космических аппаратов. Применение интеллектуальных методов для управления технологическим процессом индукционной пайки позволит повысить эффективность управления данным процессом и, соответственно, повысить качество выпускаемой продукции. Статья будет полезна ученым и организациям, занимающимся интеллектуализацией различных технологических процессов, а также специалистам, применяющим метод индукционного нагрева в производстве.

The process control of the induction soldering of spacecrafts thinwalled aluminum waveguide paths is a complex and timeconsuming process. Classical control methods do not provide sufficient control of the parameters of a fastmoving process. The article discusses the possibility of using intelligent methods to control the process of induction soldering of spacecrafts waveguide paths. There were made a review of intelligent methods suitable for solving the problem of controlling the technological process of induction soldering, as well as the effectiveness analysis of selected intelligent methods based on fullscale experimental studies. Based on the results of the analysis, the most effective method of induction soldering intelligent control of the spacecrafts waveguide paths was selected. The use of intelligent methods to control the process of induction soldering will improve the efficiency of its control and, accordingly, improve the quality of products. The article will be useful to scientists and organizations involved in the intellectualization of various technological processes, as well as to specialists using the method of induction heating in the production.
Control Algorithms for Heterogenic Fiber-optical Linear Tracts Based on Information Measuring Methodology and Device Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Музалевский Д.Ю. , Двилянский А.А. , Злобинец А.В.
Published: September 2024

Рассматриваются синтезированные алгоритмы контроля гетерогенных волоконнооптических линейных трактов инвариантных к технологии передачи на основе информационноизмерительной методологии и математического аппарата РБФнейросетей. Контроль волоконнооптических линейных трактов на основе предлагаемых решений позволит повысить достоверность определения состояний объекта контроля, что в свою очередь повлияет на оперативность и точность управляющих воздействий. Разработанные алгоритмы являются органичным продолжением исследований в области разработки перспективной автоматизированной системы контроля и управления гетерогенных волоконнооптических линейных трактов транспортной сети связи специального назначения.

The synthesized control algorithms for heterogeneous fiberoptic linear paths invariant to transmission technology based on informationmeasuring methodology and mathematical apparatus of RBFneural networks are considered. Control of fiberoptic linear paths based on the proposed solutions will improve the reliability of determining the states of the test object, which in turn will affect the speed and accuracy of control actions. The developed algorithms are an organic continuation of research in the development of a promising automated monitoring and control system for heterogeneous fiberoptic linear paths of a specialpurpose transport communication network.
METHODOLOGY FOR PERFORMING SIMULATION EXPERIMENT AT A MULTIFUNCTIONAL HELICOPTER’S STAND BRIEF
Authors: Вертелецкая Е.П. , Малахов А.А. , Уразбаев С.К. , Фащевский Н.Н.
Published: September 2024

В статье представлена методика выполнения эксперимента на стенде полунатурного моделирования движения вертолета. Модельный эксперимент позволяет оценить динамические характеристики объекта управления вертолета, а также осуществить настройку контура управления. Для получения численных данных, характеризующих зависимость параметров движения объекта от управляющих или возмущающих воздействий, необходимо выполнить ряд шагов по включению и настройке стенда и выводу модели вертолета на исходный режим полета. При анализе полученных данных было учтено, что на стенде осуществляется моделирование полного пространственного движения и для исследования параметров продольного движения необходимо обеспечить стабилизацию движения по координатам крена и курса. Обработка результатов эксперимента выполнена в программном пакете Matlab с использованием алгоритмов идентификации параметров математической модели. Анализ результатов выполнен с учетом математической модели вертолета, полученной из уравнений движения.

The article presents methodology for performing an experiment at the stand for a seminatural modeling of helicopter movement. The simulation experiment studies dynamic characteristics of helicopter the object of control, as well as to adjust the control loop. To obtain quantitative data, which show dependency of motion parameters of the object on controlling or disturbing influences, it is necessary to perform a series of steps, namely to switch on, tune and set up the stand of helicopter model to the initial flight mode. When analyzing the data obtained, it was taken into account that the model of the total spatial motion is carried out at the stand to study the parameters of the pitching motion, it is necessary to ensure the stabilization of motion along the coordinates of the roll and course. Processing of the experimental results was performed in the Matlab software package using the algorithms for identifying the parameters of the mathematical model. The analysis of the results was carried out taking into account the mathematical model of the helicopter, which was obtained from the equations of motion.
Assortment of woody plants and functional zoning of green spaces in Cheboksary
Authors: Самохвалов К.В. , Рысин С.Л.
Published: September 2024

При обследовании зеленых насаждений г. Чебоксары на основе функционального зонирования территории установлено, что существующий ассортимент древесных растений характеризуется низким видовым разнообразием. Необходимо более активно внедрять в практику городского зеленого строительства научно обоснованные рекомендации по расширению и улучшению ассортимента древесных пород.

When examining green spaces in the city of Cheboksary on the basis of functional zoning of the territory, it was established that the existing assortment of woody plants is characterized by low species diversity. The need for more active implementation of scientifically based recommendations for expanding and improving the range of tree species in the practice of urban green building is shown.
Natural broad wood forest in the reserve “Sparrow mountains”: floristic composition, structure, dynamics of vegetation cover
Authors: Маслов А.А.
Published: September 2024

Приведены результаты многолетнего (за 20 лет) мониторинга за состоянием широколиственного леса на Воробьевых горах в Москве, являющимся уникальным для центра Москвы хорошо сохранившимся фрагментом старовозрастного полидоминантного широколиственного леса с типичной для таких лесов флорой и структурой. О высокой устойчивости древостоя свидетельствует небольшая величина отпада и увеличение полноты всех основных пород деревьев. Роль доминанта сообщества клёна остролистного будет и далее возрастать в связи с нормальной возрастной структурой популяции (обильным возобновлением, присутствием во всех пологах древостоя). Основную опасность для сообщества представляет нерегулируемая рекреация. Естественному ходу природной динамики препятствует также периодически проводимая вырубка мелкого подроста.

The results of longterm (over 20 years) monitoring of the state of broadleaved forest on the Sparrow Hills in Moscow, which is unique to the center of Moscow, are a wellpreserved fragment of an oldage multidominant broadleaved forest with a typical flora and structure for such forests. The low stability of the stand and an increase in the completeness of all the main tree species testify to the high stability of the stand. The role of the dominant community, the maple will continue to increase in connection with the normal age structure of the population (abundant renewal, the presence of forest stand in all canopies). The main danger to the community is unregulated recreation. The natural course of natural dynamics is also hindered by periodically felling of small undergrowth.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF GAS HYDRATE DECOMPOSITION DURING GAS INJECTION IN A POROUS FORMATION
Authors: ЗАПИВАХИНА М.Н. , ИМАНОВ Л.В.
Published: September 2024

В данной работе рассматривается задача разложения газового гидрата при нагнетании газа в пористый пласт. Была построена математическая модель для данного процесса и автомодельное решение для этой задачи.

In this paper we consider the problem of decomposition of gas hydrate during the injection of gas into a porous formation. A mathematical model for this process and an automodel solution for this problem were constructed.
ABOUT ESTIMATE OF INTERNAL DEFORMATION OF MASSIVE SPHERICAL BODY AT POINT DYNAMIC ACTION TO THEIR SURFACE
Authors: ГЛАДКОВ С.О.
Published: September 2024

С помощью аналитического решения контактной динамической задачи найден вектор смещений u внутренних точек массивного сферического тела радиуса R, как функции времени и длины радиусвектора r, проведенного из точки контакта в произвольную область сферического объема. Дано обобщение контактной статической задачи Томсона на динамический случай. На конкретном примере показано, что при попадании на Планету массивного метеорита с массой m107 кг и со скоростью v 105 м/с деформации, быстро исчезающие с глубиной, вблизи области контакта составляют примерно 1 м. Отмечено, что решение задачи, несмотря на большие скорости движения метеоритов, можно искать с помощью линейных уравнений теории упругости, для которых мгновенный процесс нагрева и испарения метеорита при падении не существен.

With the help of an analytical solution of the contact dynamic problem, the vector of shifts of the internal points u of the massive spherical body of the radius R, as a functions of the time and length of the radius vector r carried out from the point of contact in arbitrary area of spherical volume. The generalization of the Thomsons contact static task for a dynamic case its given. A specific example shows that when a massive meteorite with a mass m107 kg hits the planet and at the speed v 105 m/с the deformation, rapidly disappearing with depth, near the contact area is approximately 1 m. It is noted that the solution of the problem, despite the high speed of movement of meteorites, can be searched with linear equations of elasticity theory, for which the instant process of heating and evaporation of the meteorite in the fall is not significant.