bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rational Design of Live-Attenuated Vaccines against Herpes Simplex Viruses
Authors: Stanfield Brent A. , Kousoulas Konstantin G. , Fernandez Agustin , Gershburg Edward
Published: August 2021

Diseases caused by human herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) affect millions of people worldwide and range from fatal encephalitis in neonates and herpes keratitis to orofacial and genital herpes, among other manifestations. The viruses can be shed efficiently by asymptomatic carriers, causing increased rates of infection. Viral transmission occurs through direct contact of mucosal surfaces followed by initial replication of the incoming virus in skin tissues. Subsequently, the viruses infect sensory neurons in the trigeminal and lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia, where they are primarily maintained in a transcriptionally repressed state termed “latency”, which persists for the lifetime of the host. HSV DNA has also been detected in other sympathetic ganglia. Periodically, latent viruses can reactivate, causing ulcerative and often painful lesions primarily at the site of primary infection and proximal sites. In the United States, recurrent genital herpes alone accounts for more than a billion dollars in direct medical costs per year, while there are much higher costs associated with the socio-economic aspects of diseased patients, such as loss of productivity due to mental anguish. Currently, there are no effective FDA-approved vaccines for either prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of human herpes simplex infections, while several recent clinical trials have failed to achieve their endpoint goals. Historically, live-attenuated vaccines have successfully combated viral diseases, including polio, influenza, measles, and smallpox. Vaccines aimed to protect against the devastation of smallpox led to the most significant achievement in medical history: the eradication of human disease by vaccination. Recently, novel approaches toward developing safe and effective live-attenuated vaccines have demonstrated high efficacy in various preclinical models of herpetic disease. This next generation of live-attenuated vaccines has been tailored to minimize vaccine-associated side effects and promote effective and long-lasting immune responses. The ultimate goal is to prevent or reduce primary infections (prophylactic vaccines) or reduce the frequency and severity of disease associated with reactivation events (therapeutic vaccines). These vaccines’ “rational” design is based on our current understanding of the immunopathogenesis of herpesviral infections that guide the development of vaccines that generate robust and protective immune responses. This review covers recent advances in the development of herpes simplex vaccines and the current state of ongoing clinical trials in pursuit of an effective vaccine against herpes simplex virus infections and associated diseases.
Barriers towards HPV Vaccinations for Boys and Young Men: A Narrative Review
Authors: Grandahl Maria , Nevéus Tryggve
Published: August 2021

Background: HPV vaccination of both girls and boys can protect against infection and eliminate the risk for HPV-associated cancer. Due to a common misconception that the virus only poses risks to women, vaccine coverage is suboptimal among men in many countries. It is urgent to identify barriers to vaccination of boys and men. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of publications examining attitudes and beliefs regarding HPV vaccination for boys and young men. The electronic databases searched were PubMed, PsychInfo and Scopus (December 2020; last update July 2021). A total of 103 original articles were included in the final analysis. Results: The central barriers against vaccination of boys and men are: (1) lack of knowledge, (2) vaccine hesitancy in general, (3) lack of recommendation from and/or discussions with healthcare providers, (4) cost and logistics, and (5) the idea that HPV vaccination may promote promiscuity. Men who have sex with men and families belonging to ethnic minorities express a need for information tailored to their situation. Conclusions: Boys should be included in national immunization programs and men should also be offered catch-up vaccinations. Future studies should focus on addressing vaccine hesitancy and developing interventions to promote pan-gender HPV vaccination.
Immunogenicity of Low-Dose Prime-Boost Vaccination of mRNA Vaccine CV07050101 in Non-Human Primates
Authors: van Doremalen Neeltje , Fischer Robert J. , Schulz Jonathan E. , Holbrook Myndi G. , Smith Brian J. , Lovaglio Jamie , Petsch Benjamin , Munster Vincent J.
Published: August 2021

Many different vaccine candidates against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of COVID-19, are currently approved and under development. Vaccine platforms vary from mRNA vaccines to viral-vectored vaccines, and several candidates have been shown to produce humoral and cellular responses in small animal models, non-human primates, and human volunteers. In this study, six non-human primates received a prime-boost intramuscular vaccination with 4 µg of mRNA vaccine candidate CV07050101, which encodes a pre-fusion stabilized spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. Boost vaccination was performed 28 days post prime vaccination. As a control, six animals were similarly injected with PBS. Humoral and cellular immune responses were investigated at time of vaccination, and two weeks afterwards. No antibodies could be detected at two and four weeks after prime vaccination. Two weeks after boost vaccination, binding but no neutralizing antibodies were detected in four out of six non-human primates. SARS-CoV-2 S protein-specific T cell responses were detected in these four animals. In conclusion, prime-boost vaccination with 4 µg of vaccine candidate CV07050101 resulted in limited immune responses in four out of six non-human primates.
Nested Recharge Systems in Mountain Block Hydrology: High-Elevation Snowpack Generates Low-Elevation Overwinter Baseflow in a Rocky Mountain River
Authors: Campbell Éowyn M. S. , Ryan M. Cathryn
Published: August 2021

The majority of each year′s overwinter baseflow (i.e., winter streamflow) in a third-order eastern slopes tributary is generated from annual melting of high-elevation snowpack which is transmitted through carbonate and siliciclastic aquifers. The Little Elbow River and its tributaries drain a bedrock system formed by repeated thrust faults that express as the same siliciclastic and carbonate aquifers in repeating outcrops. Longitudinal sampling over an 18 km reach was conducted at the beginning of the overwinter baseflow season to assess streamflow provenance. Baseflow contributions from each of the two primary aquifer types were apportioned using sulfate, δ34SSO4, and silica concentrations, while δ18OH2O composition was used to evaluate relative temperature and/or elevation of the original precipitation. Baseflow in the upper reaches of the Little Elbow was generated from lower-elevation and/or warmer precipitation primarily stored in siliciclastic units. Counterintuitively, baseflow generated in the lower-elevation reaches originated from higher-elevation and/or colder precipitation stored in carbonate units. These findings illustrate the role of nested flow systems in mountain block recharge: higher-elevation snowmelt infiltrates through fracture systems in the cliff-forming—often higher-elevation—carbonates, moving to the lower-elevation valley through intermediate flow systems, while winter baseflow in local flow systems in the siliciclastic valleys reflects more influence from warmer precipitation. The relatively fast climatic warming of higher elevations may alter snowmelt timing, leaving winter water supply vulnerable to climatic change.
The Water Balance of Wet Grassland Sites with Shallow Water Table Conditions in the North-Eastern German Lowlands in Extreme Dry and Wet Years
Authors: Dietrich Ottfried , Behrendt Axel , Wegehenkel Martin
Published: August 2021

In recent years, Germany has experienced an increasing number of extreme wet and dry years. In the North German lowlands, wet grassland sites with shallow water table conditions are widespread landscape elements. They are characterized by a special water and nutrient balance that reacts very sensitively to changes in the hydrological system. Studies on evapotranspiration (ETa) and the development of groundwater levels were carried out at two typical wet grassland sites with shallow water table conditions. A weighable groundwater lysimeter system in the Spreewald wetland (SPW) and an eddy covariance station in Havelländisches Luch (HL) were used to measure ETa. The results show that even these shallow water table sites cannot sufficiently meet the vegetation’s water demands in extreme dry conditions. The groundwater levels drop to values deeper than 1 m below the surface. As a result, water supply to the vegetation is temporarily limited. The mean crop coefficients (Kc) of these wet grassland sites reach values of 1.1 in the vegetation period with a sufficient water supply, but drop to around 0.8 in dry years when the water supply is limited. Areas with small catchment areas, such as HL, are more seriously affected by the dry meteorological conditions than areas with sufficient inflows from larger catchment areas, such as SPW.
Feasibility of Remediation Lead, Nickel, Zinc, Copper, and Cadmium-Contaminated Groundwater by Calcium Sulfide
Authors: Huang Chin-Yuan , Cheng Pei-Cheng , Chang Jih-Hsing , Wan Yu-Chih , Hong Xiang-Min , Cheng Shu-Fen
Published: August 2021

Metal contamination in groundwater often occurs in various industrial processes. Studies have confirmed that polysulfide could reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, achieving the effect of in situ stabilization. For other metal contamination in groundwater, whether polysulfide also had a stabilizing ability to achieve in situ remediation. This research focused on metals in addition to chromium that often contaminated groundwater, including lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium, to explore the feasibility of using calcium polysulfide (CaSx) as an in situ stabilization technology for these metals’ contamination of groundwater. Results showed that CaSx had a great removal efficiency for metals lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium. However, for nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium, when CaSx was added excessively, complexes would be formed, causing the result of re-dissolution, in turn reducing the removal efficiency. As it is difficult to accurately control the dosage of agents for in situ groundwater remediation, the concentration of re-dissolved nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium may not be able to meet the groundwater control standards. CaSx had high lead removal efficiency and for a concentration of 100 mg/L, the dose of calcium polysulfide was more than the amount of 1/1200 (volume ratio of CaSx to groundwater). In addition, the removal rate was almost 100% and it would not cause re-dissolution due to excessive CaSx dosing. CaSx can be used as an in situ stabilization technique for lead-contaminated groundwater.
Membrane Filtration Opportunities for the Treatment of Black Liquor in the Paper and Pulp Industry
Authors: Valderrama Olenka Jibaja , Zedda Karina Listiarini , Velizarov Svetlozar
Published: August 2021

Black liquor is a highly alkaline liquid by-product of the kraft pulping process, rich in organic molecules (hemicelluloses, lignin, and organic acids) and inorganic pulping chemicals such as sodium salts and sulphur-containing compounds. The release of this wastewater without further treatment could have serious environmental and financial implications. Therefore, a costly treatment process is used nowadays. Nanofiltration has been studied in the last few years as a promising alternative to recycle the cooking chemicals required for the separation of lignin and cellulose, but the development of pH-stable membranes with the potential to operate at industrial scales is fundamental in order to make this possible. In this study, the filtration performance of two in-house made membranes is evaluated and compared with a commercial NF membrane to determine the viability of their use for the treatment of black liquor. For this purpose, filtration experiments with simulated black liquor were performed. We identified that Membrane A has the higher potential for this application due to its competitive permeate flux (ca. 24 L m−2 h−1 at a trans-membrane pressure of 21.5 bar), and high rejection of organic components and salts from the cooking liquor (on average, 92.50% for the TOC, 84.10% for the CO32−, 88.70% for the sulphates, 73.21% for the Na+, and 99.99% for the Mg2+).
International requirements of the GLOBALG.A.P. standard to certification of agricultural products
Authors: Dustbaeva A.Kh. , Eliseeva L.G.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the features of the international certification system for agricultural products, adopted by most developed countries. The GLOBALG.A.P. International Standard is a Good Agricultural Practice Standard that provides a certification system for all stages of crop, livestock, beekeeping and aquaculture products. The application of the GLOBALG.A.P. standard ensures the safety of products sold by trade networks and ensures their smooth movement across the customs borders of more than 100 countries of the world. The structure of the standard is analyzed and the characteristics of the principles underlying the standard are given.
Implementation of control measures of procurement procedures in the field of healthcare
Authors: Kovalenko S.N. , Kovalenko Yu.N.
Published: August 2021

This article examines in detail the aspects of the regulatory organization of the procurement procedure in the field of healthcare, examines the rights of the parties to the procurement, their obligations and responsibility for violations of the terms of the contract for the supply of goods and (or) services. In addition to the regulatory aspects, the process of purchasing medical goods and goods for the needs of a medical institution is considered. The contract for the supply of pharmaceutical products is analyzed. On its basis, an analysis was carried out, in accordance with regulatory legal acts, for compliance with the performance of both parties of their powers and duties.
Prospects of using silkworm biomass in sheep feeding
Authors: Evlagin V. G. , Skorykh L. N. , Evlagina E. G.
Published: August 2021

Due to the increase of consumption of food products by the population, especially of animal origin, the need of the livestock industry including sheep breeding for high-quality feed from an ecological point of view also increases. Recently, insects have received a lot of attention as a source of feed protein in the diet of farm animals. This is evidenced by numerous studies on the nutritional value and use of larvae of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens), Green-bottle fly (Lucilia Caesar), House fly (Musca domestica), meal worm (Tenebrio molitor), silkworms (Bombyx mori), and crickets (Gryllusbi maculatus) as food for farm animals. It is well known from foreign literature sources about the use of additive from silkworm pupae in the ration of sheep, as well as meal from crickets as the source of protein in the diet of lambs. The silkworm is a monophage eats in only at the caterpillar stage absorbing and accumulating the necessary nutrients and water from the mulberry leaves. The analysis of the works of foreign authors shows that the protein content in the silkworm caterpillars depending on the breed ranges from 63,02 to 67,99 %. However, the analysis of the content of the main nutrients in the section of silkworm breeds as well as the age of the caterpillars was not carried out in the works of domestic scientists. This research presents data on the nutrient content and metabolic energy in silkworm caterpillars by age depending on the breed for further development of the feed additive from silkworm biomass and its use in sheep breeding. In the course of the conducted research, the following results have been obtained. So, at the end of the 4th age on average the caterpillars have a body length of 4,5–5,0 cm, the weight of one caterpillar is 0,6–0,7 g. The largest size and weight are the caterpillars on 10 days of the 5th age; their body length on average for the studied breeds was 8,0–8,5 cm, the weight of one caterpillar was 4,5–5,5 g. The optimal stage of development of silkworm caterpillars for the production of feed additive is 10 days in the 5th age. During this period the caterpillars of the studied breeds Kavkaz-1, Kavkaz-2, Belokokonnaya-1, Belokokonnaya-2 contain protein from 62,71 to 66,55 %, fat from 14,81 to 16,95 %, fi ber from 2,36 to 2,81 %, ash 4,39–3,96 % and nitrogen-free extractive substances 9,31–15,81 % in absolutely dry matter. The highest content of nutrients and metabolic energy is allocated to the breeds Belokokonnaya-2 (protein – 66,55 %, fat – 16,95 %, metabolic energy – 20,86 MJ/kg) and Kavkaz-2 (protein – 64,10 %, fat – 15,59 %, metabolic energy – 20,24 MJ/kg).
Pectin-based drug for the treatment of quails’ hatching eggs
Authors: Lysko S. B. , Zadorozhnaya M. V. , Suntsova O. A.
Published: August 2021

The treatment of hatching eggs plays an important role in ensuring the epizootic well-being of the poultry enterprise. For disinfection of hatching eggs, chemicals that have a negative effect on the developing embryo, service personnel and the environment are widely used. In this regard, the search for effective antimicrobial agents is an urgent area of veterinary medicine science and practice. An alternative to chemical preparations can be antibacterial agents of plant origin. The purpose of the research was to study the effectiveness of a plant-based drug based on pectin for the treatment of quails’ hatching eggs. The research has been carried out in the department of veterinary medicine of agricultural poultry in Siberian Scientific and Research Institute of Poultry – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Omsk Agrarian Scientifi c Center”on hatching eggs of quails of Pharaoh breed. In order to treat the hatching eggs of quails of the experimental group, a 1 % solution of the drug based on pectin was used before setting and on 15,5 days of incubation when transferring from the incubation cabinet to the hatchery. In the control group the eggs have been treated with formaldehyde vapors according to the generally accepted method. It has been found as the result of the conducted studies that the drug based on pectin in comparison with formaldehyde reduces the total microbial contamination of the shell by 58,7–73,8 %, the species diversity and the intensity of the release of the microflora of the shell by 20,0–40,0 %. Reducing the microbial background has the positive influence on the embryonic and postnatal development of quails, increasing the hatchability of eggs by 2,5 %, the output of young quails by 2,9 %, stimulating metabolism, increasing the live weight of quails by 3,3–4,1 % and livability by 2,0 % over the period of 1–14 days of life. The proposed method is harmless and environmentally friendly.
Influence of feed additive with Betulin on metabolism and productivity of broiler chickens
Authors: Shpуnova S. A. , Yadrishchenskaya O. A. , Selina T. V. , Basova E. A.
Published: August 2021

In order to increase the meat productivity of broiler chickens, increase production volumes and reduce the prime-cost of poultry products, it is necessary not only to ensure balanced feeding and compliance with production technology but also to include in the poultry diet non-traditional additives, biologically active substances that contribute to the normalization of metabolic processes and improve the digestibility of feed nutrients. One of these dietary additives is Betulin extracted from birch bark, which has antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. In this regard, the purpose of the research was to study the influence of compound feed with the introduction of 2 % feed additive based on a synthetic microspherical nanoporous carbon carrier containing biologically active Betulin in its composition on the productivity of broilers. The results of studies on broiler chickens using compound feed with 2 % feed additive have been presented in the article. It has been found that the feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight gain in poultry of the experimental group have been lower by 9,5 % due to better absorption of nutrients, the live weight of broiler chickens of the experimental group at the age of 42 days was 2625,6 g and it was higher than the control group by 3,68 %. The digestibility of crude protein and fat reached 92,73 and 88,03 %, which exceeded the control group by 1,03 and 3,03 abs.%, respectively. It has been found that the use of compound feed with 2 % of the feed additive with the biologically active substance is of practical importance in connection with the increase in the productivity of broilers and the level of profitability of meat production by 8,2 abs.%.
Methods and results of extending the life of the International Space Station Russian Segment
Authors: MILOVANOV VIKTOR A. , AGAFONOV MIKHAIL M. , FILIPPOV ILYA  M.
Published: August 2021

The paper discusses the current status of work to extend the life of the International Space Station Russian Segment (ISS RS). The effort to monitor and maintain the ISS RS systems and modules in good working order forms the basis of the work aimed at station longevity and the safety of its crew. It describes measures taken to keep the ISS RS operational in a situation where some of the components have been taken out of production, and specified storage life for the spares, tools and accessories has expired. It reviews changes in the requirements for the operation of constituent components, systems and assemblies that were adopted to support extension of the ISS RS mission. It describes a procedure for detecting the sources of failures and malfunctions found in flight and resolving their causes, which makes it possible to take measures aimed at preventing propagation of faults and malfunctions within the shortest time possible while keeping the systems and assemblies of the ISS RS modules operational during repairs. It describes an approach to analysis of the causes of component failures, which makes it possible to classify them for the purposes of statistical analysis, on the basis of which one could evaluate failure dynamics in the course of the mission and use it for making a conclusion about the feasibility of extending flight tests of the ISS RS till 2024 and further. It provides data on dynamics of changes in the number of component failures in the course of the ISS RS mission, which show that this number does not grow.
Key words: International Space Station, ISS RS, Russian Segment, operational integrity, operating life, failures.
Results of re-using Soyuz manned spacecraft descent thrusters
Authors: KROPOTIN Sergey A. , SMOLENTSEV Aleksandr A. , BOBYLEV Aleksey S. , PEROV Aleksandr A. , TITOV Maksim Yu.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the results of re-using the descent thrusters of the descent module of Soyuz manned transportation spacecraft. A description of the thrusters design, their performance and configuration on the descent module is provided. Based on statistical evidence on the remaining life of thrusters, it was stated that the remaining lifetime is more than one and a half times higher than the required value for re-use. The results of stand-alone tests of catalytic packages and thrusters are presented to confirm the re-usability. It was demonstrated that the performance of thrusters when being re-used remain within the limits allowed by the design documentation.
A description of the post-flight maintenance program is presented, based on which results a certificate of fitness for thruster re-use is issued.
The statistics of the re-use of the descent thrusters is provided. As of June 1, 2020, 40 thrusters were admitted for re-use. All thrusters operated with no comments.
Key words: descent module, low-thrust jet engine, hydrogen peroxide, re-use.
Trajectory options for a manned mission to Mars using high-thrust propulsion systems
Authors: ARKHANGELSKIY Nikolay I. , MUZYCHENKO Evgeny I. , SINITSYN Aleksey A.
Published: August 2021

An analysis has been done of performance factors (mission duration, initial mass of the interplanetary crew transfer vehicle, velocity of the re-entry into the Earth atmosphere of the descent vehicle with the crew) for a single-spacecraft manned mission to Mars using high-thrust propulsion systems. Locally optimal solutions (in terms of delta-V budgets for the transfer) were found for the Earth–Mars–Earth transfer, with varying periods of waiting in Mars orbit, minimal distance to the Sun, as well as flight paths (direct Earth–Mars–Earth transfers vs. gravity assist maneuvers at Venus during Earth–Mars or Mars–Earth transfers). The proposed classification for locally optimal solutions is applicable to both high-thrust propulsion systems and low-thrust propulsion systems. A comparison of performance factors has been done for manned Martian mission options based on liquid-propellant engines and nuclear rocket engines with a 12,5 km/s constraint on the velocity of the manned re-entry vehicle in the Earth atmosphere.
Key words: Manned mission to Mars, interplanetary transfer trajectory, high-thrust, liquid-propellant rocket engine, nuclear rocket engine, mission duration, initial mass of the interplanetary vehicle, re-entry velocity of a manned vehicle for returning the crew to Earth.
Figura de la hija madre en la familia venezolana. Relato de vida de Simonne Gennaro
Authors: De La Torre Elsa , Gennaro Simonne
Published: August 2021

Partiendo del relato de vida;  “Mi  padre me dijo que estaría a cargo de mis dos hermanas, no logre tener una explicación, solo sé que nos llevaron  a la casa  de  mi  Nonna  (la  madre  de mi papá). No comprendía lo que sucedía, pero la agonía cada día se hacía grande porque yo quería estar con mi Mamá”. Esta investigación tuvo como intencionalidad hacer un estudio comprensivo sobre la figura de la hija madre en el contexto de la familia venezolana. Metodológicamente fue cualitativa de investigación convivida con enfoque biográfico de relato-de- vida (Moreno, 2016). El relato-d-vida, produjo 3 bloques respectivamente. A la luz de ello se habla de dos grandes temáticas, la resolución del problema por medio de la familia matricentrada los dispositivos culturales. Aportes a la orientación es haber develado como los dispositivos culturales se hacen presente para preservar la familia matricentrada.
Madurez psicológica y disciplina en el logro de metas. Relato de vida de María Torcates
Authors: Torcates María , Rosales Mirian
Published: August 2021

A pesar de todas las condiciones adversas que le pueden ocurrir a un estudiante universitario, éste persiste en su meta. La intencionalidad de este estudio fue comprender su madurez psicológica y disciplina en el logro de las metas. Su metodología fue cualitativa fenomenológica con relato de vida del enfoque biográfico de Legrand (1993). De la fase de análisis se obtuvieron dos grandes bloques de sentido respectivamente a modo gestálgico, se produjeron dos aéreas significativas e importantes en el estudiante  universitario  uno  su madurez psicológica, y otro, su disciplina en el logro de sus metas. Pone al frente a una narrativa de vida que hace ver que, en lo cotidiano, hay cosas que se deben investigar porque pasan desapercibidas; con este trabajo se percibió que más allá de llegar al aula de clases, rendir, pasar los semestres, egresar, se esconden elementos puntuales como son la madurez psicológica y la disciplina.
Desenvolvimento de métodos eletroanalíticos para a determinação de levofloxacina em formulação farmacêutica e urina utilizando eletrodo de carbono vítreo modificado com óxido de grafeno reduzido e nanotubos de carbono
Authors:   , Farias Davi Marques de
Published: August 2021

Neste trabalho, foi comparado óxido de grafeno reduzido (OGR) e nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas (MWCNT) como modificadores da superfície do eletrodo de carbono vítreo para a determinação de levofloxacina. Ambos nanomateriais foram devidamente caracterizados por espectroscopia Raman, mostrando assim que de fato houve mudanças estruturais após a funcionalização. Experimentos envolvendo a voltametria cíclica, mostraram que o sensor a base de RGO apresentou maior ganho de sinal analítico para a levofloxacina em comparação com os eletrodos modificados com MWCNT (4 vezes) e sem modificação (20 vezes). O processo de oxidação da levofloxacina sobre as diferentes superfícies eletródicas foi controlado pela adsorção das espécies eletroativas e irreversível em aproximadamente + 1,0 V. Voltametria de pulso diferencial (VPD), voltametria de onda quadrada (VOQ), detecção amperométrica usando análise por injeção em fluxo (FIA-AMP) e por injeção em batelada (BIA-AMP) foram avaliadas para determinação da levofloxacina em amostras de formulações farmacêuticas, utilizando o eletrodo modificado com OGR. Os métodos desenvolvidos apresentaram limites de detecção de 1,45; 6,70; 1,90; 0,33 µmol L-1 e níveis de recuperação de 91, 106, 103 e 101 %, respectivamente. Todos os desvios padrão relativos foram inferiores a 7,0 %, indicando precisões adequadas. Os teores de levofloxacina foram concordantes com o valor estabelecido pelo fabricante do medicamento. Para análise da amostra de urina, os métodos dinâmicos FIA/BIA-AMP foram selecionados devido a elevada frequência analítica (cerca de 100 injeções por hora), sendo obtido um nível de recuperação entre 96-98%. Todos os resultados eletroquímicos foram estatisticamente comparáveis com a análise por cromatografia líquida ultra-rápida (UFLC), à um nível de 95 % de confiabilidade, demonstrando que os métodos são promissores para análises de rotina.
Alternativa para la enseñanza del idioma inglés con fines profesionales en la carrera de Ingeniería en Minas
Authors: Fiol Cuenca Adis , Verdecia Cruz Adelfa , Aguilera Saborit Georgina , Olivero Herrera Mirtha
Published: August 2021

En este trabajo se presenta una alternativa para la enseñanza del idioma inglés con fines profesionales en el contexto de la carrera de Ingeniería en Minas, en correspondencia con las nuevas exigencias derivadas del perfeccionamiento del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés en las universidades cubanas. Los materiales didácticos que se presentan constituyen la vía posible para solucionar los problemas que aún subsisten con respecto al aprendizaje del idioma inglés con fines profesionales, la motivación por el mismo y al desempeño comunicativo de los estudiantes, lo que sin dudas favorece la formación de un profesional más competente.
USO DE REGULADORES NO CONTROLE DA ARQUITETURA DE PLANTAS, DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO DA CULTURA DA SOJA, CULTIVAR CD 2737 RR
Authors: Almeida Júnior Joaquim Júlio , Smiljanic Katya Bonfim Ataides , de Lima Netto Aristóteles Mesquita , Lima Lásara Isabella Oliveira , Pinto Leonardo Soares , Silva Reinaldo Ferreira , Veronez Ricardo Vilela de Sousa , Pires Delma Erks , Alves Robson Pereira , Dutra Janderson Martins , Santos Liny Junio Souza
Published: August 2021

Cultivares modernas de soja com elevado potencial produtivo são amplamente testadas e difundidas na região, porem alguns problemas, o crescimento excessivo, o acamamento e o alto sombreamento da cultura, podem atrapalhar seu potencial rendimento. Uma forma de resolver seria o uso de herbicidas ou reguladores de crescimento para reduzir o porte, o acamamento e o alto sombreamento nessas cultivares. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar biometria e produtividade em plantas de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill), cultivar CD 2237 RR ao longo do desenvolvimento da cultura, após a aplicação de dois reguladores de crescimento. O experimento foi conduzido nos anos agrícolas de 2016/2017 na área experimental do NÚCLEO DE PESQUISA EM FITOTECNIA na FELEOS/MINEIROS (GO.), apresentando como coordenadas geográficas aproximadas, 17° 58’ S de latitude e 45°22’ W de longitude e com 845 m de altitude, em um Neossolo Quartzarênico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em quatro repetições. Cada parcela experimental será constituída de quatro linhas de 4,0 metros de comprimento e espaçamento de 0,5 metros ocupará uma área total de 8,0 m2 (4,0 m x 0,5 m x 4,0) e uma área útil de 2,0 m2, 2,0 metros de comprimento e descarte de 1,0 m nas extremidades e 2 linhas centrais com espaçamento entre blocos de 2,0 metros. Os tratamentos serão com o herbicida Lactofem 240 gL-1, o regulador de Crescimento Ethrel®240 gL-1 em quatro doses de cada e dois estágios fenológicos e o controle sem aplicação. Serão avaliadas, as características biométrica da cultura, produtividade, analise de solo inicial. Será feito análise de variância e teste de Tukey a 5 % de probabilidade para a comparação de médias. Características biométricas da cultura como produtividade, população de planta, número de vargens por planta, número de grãos por vargens, número de grãos por planta e número de nos por planta não foram alteradas com a aplicação do regulador de crescimento, já massa seca de 1000 grãos e número de nós e altura de inserção da primeira vagens ocorreu diferença significativa e o manejo com reguladores de crescimento reduz o porte da lavoura e minimiza o acamamento, mas há uma considerável perda na produtividade, mesmo não sendo significativa estatisticamente.
PLANTIO DE MILHO EM DIFERENTE ÉPOCAS VISANDO CARACTERÍSTICA BIOMETRICA DA ESPIGA NO SUDOESTE GOIANO
Authors: Almeida Júnior Joaquim Júlio , Smiljanic Katya Bonfim Ataides , de Lima Netto Aristóteles Mesquita , Lima Lásara Isabella Oliveira , Pinto Leonardo Soares , Silva Reinaldo Ferreira , Veronez Ricardo Vilela de Sousa , Pires Delma Erks , Alves Robson Pereira , Dutra Janderson Martins , Santos Liny Junio Souza
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo testar a influência de diferentes épocas de plantio sobre a produtividade do milho híbridos e avaliar a quantidade perdida quando não são respeitadas as épocas ideais de plantio e fazer uma análise biométrica da planta e espiga para constatar se pode ocorrer mudanças no dossel. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na área experimental do NÚCLEO DE PESQUISA EM FITOTECNIA - FELEOS/MINEIROS (GO.), no ano agrícola 2016/17. Os tratamentos constituíram de plantio em cinco épocas diferente: T1 – 08/01/2016; T2 – 15/01/2016; T3 – 22/01/2016; T4 – 29/01/2016; T5 – 05/02/2016). Há forte influência das épocas de plantio sobre o desempenho da área foliar sobre a cultivar de milho DKB 360 PRO, o atraso nas épocas de plantio influenciou positivamente o desempenho da área foliar, sendo que o tratamento T5 obteve o melhor índice estatisticamente em comparação a todas as outras épocas avaliadas.
FUNGICIDA CRONNOS PARA O MANEJO QUÍMICO DAS DOENÇAS DA SOJA, A CAMPO, EM JATAÍ-GO, SAFRA AGRÍCOLA 2016/2017
Authors: Almeida Júnior Joaquim Júlio , Smiljanic Katya Bonfim Ataides , de Lima Netto Aristóteles Mesquita , Lima Lásara Isabella Oliveira , Pinto Leonardo Soares , Silva Reinaldo Ferreira , Veronez Ricardo Vilela de Sousa , Pires Delma Erks , Alves Robson Pereira , Dutra Janderson Martins , Santos Liny Junio Souza
Published: August 2021

O potencial produtivo da soja poderia ser maior se não fosse os danos causados pelas doenças nesta cultura. A mancha parda ou septoriose (Septoria glycines), uma das principais “doenças de final de ciclo”, que trazem prejuízos e o da doença é baseado na aplicação de fungicidas. O objetivo deste ensaio foi avaliar a eficiência do fungicida Cronnos para o manejo químico das doenças da soja, sob condições naturais de campo, em Jataí-GO, na safra agrícola 2016/2017. O experimento foi implantado no município de Jataí, Goiás, na região do córrego Onça com Soja cv. NIDERA NS 7447 IPRO semeada em 5 de novembro de 2016. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de pulverizações de fungicidas e doses do produto, combinadas em nove programas ou sequencias diferentes de aplicações. Foram tomados os dados de severidade de doenças e de produção. A ferrugem asiática da soja apresentou baixíssimos níveis de severidade, o que não permitiu avaliar a eficiência de controle dos tratamentos fungicidas em relação a esta doença ao contrario da septoriose. A marca comercial Cronnos poderá integrar programas de aplicação de fungicidas para o controle da mancha parda, sob condições de campo.
GLÓQUIDAS DEL FRUTO DE Opuntia albicarpa SCHEINVAR Y SU HIDRÓLISIS PARA USO POTENCIAL AGRONÓMICO
Authors: Ulloa-Leitón Alonso , Álvarez-Sánchez M. Edna , García-Osorio Cecilia , Gavi-Reyes Francisco , Maldonado-Torres Ranferi
Published: August 2021

Las glóquidas de la tuna constituyen un residuo orgánico que se deriva del beneficiado del fruto, previo a su comercialización. Este residuo se desecha en bolsas plásticas a la orilla de plantaciones o en basureros no regulados donde se acumula debido a su alta resistencia a la degradación natural y a la combustión. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue estudiar la estructura externa, composición química, rendimiento de hidrólisis y contenido de nutrimentos vegetales a partir de la hidrólisis de las glóquidas de tuna. La estructura externa se observó por microscopio electrónico de barrido; se encontró que las glóquidas poseen barbas retrorsas. Las dimensiones de las glóquidas en sus planos transversal y longitudinal fueron de 67.3 ± 9.56 y 1667 ± 292 μm, respectivamente. Los análisis químicos indicaron que las glóquidas se componen de 41.15 % celulosa, 41.20 % hemicelulosa y 5.27 % lignina; presentan una densidad de 0.157 g mL-1. Los valores mayores de degradación, azúcares reductores y grados Brix se obtuvieron a partir de la hidrólisis con ácido sulfúrico, hidróxido de potasio y ácido fosfórico. El contenido de nutrimentos vegetales de las glóquidas hidrolizadas se comparó con el reportado en soluciones nutritivas comerciales y se valoró que tienen gran potencial como fertilizante foliar en cultivos agrícolas.
Botrytis cinerea, AGENTE CAUSAL DE MUERTE DE RETOÑOS DE Vaccinium corymbosum L. CV. BILOXI EN OAXACA, MÉXICO
Authors: Montiel-Frausto Laura B. , Vásquez-López Alfonso
Published: August 2021

La muerte de retoños es una enfermedad asociada a hongos fitopatógenos que causa pérdidas importantes en especies del género Vaccinium. Esta enfermedad se observó en el cultivo de arándano (V. corymbosum L.) cv. Biloxi durante el ciclo productivo 2018 en la Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, México. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar morfológica y molecularmente el agente causal de la muerte de retoños de plantas de arándano cv. Biloxi, así como describir los daños histológicos que induce el patógeno. A partir de muestras de retoños con síntomas de necrosis, sembradas en medio de cultivo papa-dextrosa-agar 2 % se obtuvieron aislamientos fungosos. El agente causal de la enfermedad se determinó mediante los postulados de Koch. El patógeno indujo marchitez y necrosis en retoños después de 10 días de la inoculación. El hongo se identificó morfológica y molecularmente como Botrytis cinerea; así mismo, se realizaron cortes histológicos en retoños con síntomas empleando la técnica de inclusión en parafina y tinción diferencial safranina O-verde rápido. En los cortes histológicos se observó degradación, lisis y desorganización celular de la cutícula y epidermis; al interior de las células se observaron cuerpos amorfos de color rojo que probablemente correspondieron a polifenoles. Este documento constituye el primer reporte de B. cinerea causando la muerte de retoños en V. corymbosum cv. Biloxi en Oaxaca, México. La caracterización morfológica y molecular de este patógeno contribuye al conocimiento del agente causal para la búsqueda de estrategias de control y manejo integrado.
RÍO BRAVO C2018, NUEVA VARIEDAD DE TRIGO MACARRONERO PARA ÁREAS DE RIEGO EN MÉXICO
Authors: Villaseñor-Mir Héctor E. , Huerta-Espino Julio , Martínez-Cruz Eliel , Hortelano-Santa Rosa René , Rodríguez-García María F. , Solís-Moya Ernesto , Alvarado-Padilla Jorge I. , Borbón-Gracia Alberto , Chávez-Villalba Gabriela , Cortinas-Escobar Héctor , Espitia-Rangel Eduardo , Osario-Alcalá Leodegario , Martínez-Medina Juan
Published: August 2021

La producción anual de trigo cristalino (Triticum durum Desf) en México es aproximadamente de 2 millones de t, de las cuales cerca de 700 mil se utilizan para consumo nacional y 1.3 millones de t se exportan (CANIMOLT, 2016). Los principales estados productores son Sonora, Sinaloa, Baja California, Guanajuato y Michoacán, que participan con 90 % de la producción total (SIAP, 2020). En el Valle del Yaqui, que es la zona más importante de producción de trigo cristalino en el sur de Sonora, el rendimiento potencial promedio por hectárea es de 6.9 t con riego y en la fecha normal de siembra (Valenzuela-Antelo et al., 2018).
Homenaje a Adtiana Astutti
Authors: Adriana Astutti
Published: August 2021

Las colaboraciones que publicamos en este número excepcional corresponden a invitaciones que colegas, amigos y estudiantes de Adriana aceptaron de inmediato; aun la dificultad de una tarea que volvía a enfrentarnos a la constatación de su ausencia física. Y todas, sin excepción, se hilan desde el orden de la hospitalidad, por la ética (nunca abandonada)de la hospitalidad que distinguió todos los aspectos de la vida de Adriana. Un don ofrecido sin condiciones, sin deberes, sin distinciones; marcado sí, en el conjunto de estas colaboraciones, por la inclinación hacia la literatura, la traducción, la fotografía, la edición, la enseñanza placentera. Los afectos varios que compartimos ya sean desde el trabajo en la Facultad deHumanidades y Artes, como en los proyectos que nos animamos a pensar, y a llevar a cabo, en los años pasados.Agradecemos, en el orden dispuesto, a quienes aceptaron la invitación a celebrar; a quienes pudieron escribir para este homenaje: Sylvia Molloy, Lila Zemborain, Judith Podlubne, Adriana Kanzepolsky, Alberto Giordano, Julieta Yelin, Carolina Rolle, Javier Gasparri e Irina Garbatzky. A Estanislao Antelo que aceptó, gustosamente, la réplica de la hermosa entrevista a Adriana realizada para su libro Pedagogías silvestres. Agradezco, de manera especial, a Pelle y a Ceci (mis familiares por adopción) que tan amorosamente nos cedieron los archivos fotográficos y me permitieron, sin ningún tipo de reparo, incluir aquí las entradas de un viejo Blog de Adriana y algunos de sus dibujos, como también ensayos y entradas de Facebook. Finalmente, a Julia Musitano, la editora responsable de Saga, que empujó y no dejó de insistir -con afecto y perseverancia- en la realización de estenúmero.
Uji Kinerja Screw Oil Press Machine Ditinjau dari Rendemen dan Kualitas Minyak Kelapa yang Dihasilkan
Authors: Zikri Ahmad , Aswan Arizal , Erlinawati Erlinawati , Fatria Fatria , Pratama Yuda , Anggraini Tiara , Cendikia M. Bintang
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK

Minyak kelapa merupakan salah satu produk utama dari pengolahan daging kelapa melalui proses ekstraksi kering dan basah. Minyak kelapa dapat diproduksi melalui ekstraksi kering kopra mentah dengan perolehan minyak 63-65%, dan salah satu metodenya adalah dengan cara pengepresan mekanis menggunakan Mesin Screw Press Oil. Pada proses pengepresan, ada banyak faktor yang menyebabkan kehilangan minyak sehingga perolehan produk minyak menjadi lebih sedikit. Pada penelitian ini ditujukan untuk diperolehnya hasil minyak kelapa maksimum dengan mengamati faktor kondisi operasi selama proses pengepresan, seperti kecepatan putar sekrup dan temperatur. Selanjutnya, diperoleh juga jumlah intensitas konsumsi energi dan efisiensi menekan dalam proses produksi minyak kelapa dari bahan baku kopra menggunakan Mesin Screw Press Oil. Metode penelitian dimulai dengan tahap persiapan bahan dan tahap pengujian mesin dengan menganalisis intensitas energi dan efisiensi pengepresan pada Mesin Pengepres Minyak Sekrup yang dibutuhkan dalam proses pengepresan minyak kelapa dari kopra dalam hal hasil minyak kelapa yang dihasilkan.

Kata kunci: Mesin press minyak screw, kopra, minyak kelapa.

 

ABSTRACTCoconut oil is one of the main products from processing coconut meat through dry and wet extraction. In dry extraction, coconut oil is produced with raw copra material which has an oil content of 63-65%. The production process of coconut oil from copra is done by mechanical pressing using a Screw Press Oil Machine. In the pressing process, there are many factors that cause oil losses so that the acquisition of oil products becomes less. Therefore, this study aims to obtain maximum coconut oil yield by analyzing several factors of operating conditions during the pressing process such as screw rotational speed and temperature. Furthermor, it is also obtained the amount of energy consumption intensity and pressing efficiency in the production process of coconut oil from copra raw materials using the Screw Press Oil Machine. The research method begins with the preparation stage of the material and the engine testing stage by analyzing the energy intensity and pressing efficiency at the Screw Oil Press Machine needed in the process of pressing coconut oil from copra in terms of the yield of coconut oil produced.

Keywords: Screw oil press machine, copra, coconut oil.
[Reseña del libro] Manual de didáctica general para la diversidad
Authors: Delgado Morales Claudio
Published: August 2021

Reseña del Manual de didáctica general para la diversidad. Inmaculada Gómez Hurtado y Francisco Javier García Prieto (2021). 280 páginas. Ediciones Pirámide. ISBN: 978-84-368-4414-6.

Ofrecer una respuesta educativa personalizada es sinónimo de eficacia colectiva en el aprendizaje. Sin embargo, aún hay demasiadas escuelas donde no se desarrollan prácticas inclusivas y se obvian las distintas capacidades y características individuales de niños y niñas, es decir, escuelas homogeneizadoras que no promueven la equidad. La gran diversidad del alumnado exige metodologías de calidad para dar respuestas efectivas a las necesidades tanto patentes como latentes...
CONDICIONES CARCELARIAS EN EL PERÚ AFECTAN LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES. A PROPÓSITO DE LA COVID – 19
Authors: Castilla Zuñiga Juan Diego
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo de investigación desarrolla un tema de interés colectivo — las condiciones carcelarias del Perú— cuya desatención como problema ha persistido por mucho tiempo. Sin embargo, cobra mayor relevancia por el contexto actual de la pandemia causada a raíz de la COVID-19. Dichas condiciones no cumplen con las mínimas medidas para un tratamiento adecuado, afectando diferentes derechos fundamentales, sobre todo en este contexto de emergencia sanitaria, afectando al derecho de la salud y vida.

La metodología utilizada es la inductiva, en aras de crear conocimientos que se basan en las evidencias presentadas, las mismas que se adquirieron de  diferentes fuentes ya citadas, desarrollando el análisis. El presente trabajo se estructura en cinco apartados las cuales se inicia con la introducción, seguidamente del marco teórico y problema, además análisis, conclusiones y la bibliografía o referencias. Finalmente, es importante señalar la relevancia del tema a tratar para aportar ideas, concretas, reales y específicas a la sociedad y comunidad universitaria.