bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Differentiation Framework for Lewy Body Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease using Adaptive Multi-Cascaded ResNet–Autoencoder–LSTM Network
Authors: Sravani K. , RaviSankar V.
Published: April 2024

In recent years, most of the patients with dementia have acquired healthcare systems within the primary care system and they also have some challenging psychiatric and medical issues. Here, dementia-based symptoms are not identified in the primary care center, because they are affected by various factors like psychological symptoms, clinically relevant behavior, numerous psychotropic medications, and multiple chronic medical conditions. To enhance the healthcare-related applications, the primary healthcare system with additional resources like coordination with interdisciplinary dementia specialists, feasible diagnosis, and screening process need to be improved. Therefore, the differentiation between Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) has been acquired to provide the best clinical support to the patients. In this research work, the deep structure depending on AD and LBD systems has been implemented with the help of an adaptive algorithm to provide promising outcomes over dementia detection. Initially, the input images are collected from online sources. Thus, the collected images are forwarded to the newly designed Multi-Cascaded Deep Learning (MSDL), where the ResNet, Autoencoder, and weighted Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks are serially cascaded to provide effective classification results. Then, the fully connected layer of ResNet is given to the Autoencoder structure. Here, the output from the encoder phase is optimized by using the Adaptive Water Wave Cuttlefish Optimization (AWWCO), which is derived from the Water Wave Optimization (WWO) and Cuttlefish Algorithm (CA), and the resultant selected output is fed to the weight-optimized LSTM network. Further, the parameters in the MSDL network are optimized by using the same AWWCO algorithm. Finally, the performance comparison over different heuristic algorithms and conventional dementia detection approaches is done for the validation of the overall effectiveness of the suggested model in terms of various estimation measures.
Strategic Analysis in the Public Sector Using Semantic Web Technologies
Authors: Lorvão Antunes António , Barateiro José , Cardoso Elsa
Published: April 2024

This article addresses the complex challenges that public organizations face in designing, implementing, and evaluating their strategies, where public interest and regulatory compliance often intertwine with strategic objectives. This research investigates the application of ontologies in the field of public sector strategy management to enhance the capacity of organizations to make informed data-driven decisions, efficiently allocate resources, and effectively navigate the intricate landscape of the public sector. The LNEC - National Laboratory for Civil Engineering’s strategy is used as an exploratory case study. Semantic web technologies are used to perform strategy analysis, including validating the strategy formulation and supporting the strategy execution by assessing performance indicators, verifying the design of cause-and-effect relationships between strategic objectives, and monitoring and empirically validating these relationships. The increased interoperability of these technologies enables information sharing across systems and organizations. Following the strategy analysis, recommendations are provided, leading to a more robust and data-driven strategic management approach, enabling accurate, traceable, and continuous monitoring of an organization’s strategy. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, along with limitations and future work. This research offers a blueprint for public sector organizations seeking to optimize their strategies, foster transparency, and deliver more effective services to the public they serve.
Predictability in Human Mobility: From Individual to Collective (Vision Paper)
Authors: Zhang Ying , Yu Zhiwen , Dang Minling , Xu En , Guo Bin , Liang Yuxun , Yin Yifang , Zimmermann Roger
Published: April 2024

Human mobility is the foundation of urban dynamics and its prediction significantly benefits various downstream location-based services. Nowadays, while deep learning approaches are dominating the mobility prediction field where various model architectures/designs are continuously updating to push up the prediction accuracy, there naturally arises a question: whether these models are sufficiently good to reach the best possible prediction accuracy? To answer this question, predictability study is a method that quantifies the inherent regularities of the human mobility data and links the result to that limit. Mainstream predictability studies achieve this by analyzing the individual trajectories and merging all individual results to obtain an upper bound. However, the multiple individuals composing the city are not totally independent and the individual behavior is heavily influenced by its implicit or explicit surroundings. Therefore, the collective factor should be considered in the mobility predictability measurement, which has not been addressed before. This vision paper points out this concern and envisions a few potential research problems along such an individual-to-collective transition from both data and methodology aspects. We hope the discussion in this paper sheds some light on the human mobility predictability community.
Knowledge, Perception, and Practice of Safe Medical Circumcision on HIV Infection Risk Reduction among Undergraduate Students of a Public University in Northern Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Akugizibwe Lucky , Benyumiza Deo , Nekesa Catherine , Kumakech Edward , Kigongo Eustes , Ashaba Nasser , Kabunga Amir , Tumwesigye Raymond
Published: April 2024

Background. About 70% (25.6 million) of the global HIV/AIDS burden is from Sub-Saharan Africa. Safe male circumcision (SMC) is one of the measures that were adopted by the Ugandan government aimed at reducing the risk of HIV infection contraction, as recommended by the WHO. Its main goal was to maximize HIV prevention impact with voluntary medical circumcision services to all adult men and adolescent boys. The objective of our study was to assess the knowledge, perception, and practice of safe medical circumcision on HIV infection risk reduction among undergraduate students of a public university in Northern Uganda. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 556 randomly selected Lira University undergraduate students from March 2023 to June 2023. With the use of a self-administered questionnaire, we collected data on the knowledge and perceptions of undergraduate students towards safe medical circumcision. Data were exported to Stata® 17 statistical software. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate regression analyses were done at a statistical level of significance P value < 0.05. Results. Our 556 study participants had an age range of 21-25 years. The majority (81.29%) of the respondents knew that safe medical circumcision reduces the risk of acquiring HIV. However, the perception is that close to 3 in 4 (74.46%) of the students were unsure if they would opt for safe medical circumcision as risk reduction measure against HIV. The practice of safe medical circumcision was 64.8% among the study participants. Conclusions. More than three in four of the undergraduate students have knowledge on safe medical circumcision as risk reduction measure for HIV infection. And close to 3 in 4 (74.46%) of the student’s perception were unsure if they would opt for safe medical circumcision as risk reduction measure against HIV. The practice of safe medical circumcision was 64.8% among the study participants. Therefore, in an effort to increase SMC’s adoption for HIV/AIDS prevention, the Ministry of Health of Uganda and related stakeholders in health should work hand in hand with university study bodies in order to optimize SMC uptake among university students.
Review of Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Management Principles, and Role of Medications
Authors: Kankanady Shivanand Shreyus
Published: April 2024

This is a case report of one patient experiencing psychotic symptoms in the setting of Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS). Case description is included, and patient has been deidentified. Patient’s consent could not be obtained for the submission of the report. The case report focuses on understanding and formulating key psychological issues addressed in this case. It is important to identify that the absence of psychotic illness is classical in patients presenting with psychotic symptoms in CBS and the role of antipsychotic medication is uncertain. A literature review on the management of CBS guidelines published across the world and summarization of the management approach applicable to this case. Visual hallucination is a perception of a visual stimuli when none exists. CBS is characterized by the presence of complex visual hallucinations experienced by the visually impaired, i.e., in an individual with ocular pathology causing vision loss without having true psychosis or dementia. Furthermore, the person having these experiences has a preserved insight into the unreal nature of the perceptions and the absence of mental disorders. An introduction to the terminology “atypical CBS” or “CBS plus” was done to consider visual hallucinations in individuals with low level of insight in a setting of possible cognitive deficits or other hallucinatory modalities.
Supplementary Table 2 from Inhibition of NEK2 Promotes Chemosensitivity and Reduces KSHV-positive Primary Effusion Lymphoma Burden
Authors: White Maria C. , Wong Jason P. , Damania Blossom
Published: April 2024

Table S2. NCL-00017509 IC50 values in PEL cell lines
Figure S3 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice
Authors: Trotter Timothy N. , Wilson Andrea , McBane Jason , Dagotto Carina E. , Yang Xiao-Yi , Wei Jun-Ping , Lei Gangjun , Thrash Hannah , Snyder Joshua C. , Lyerly Herbert Kim , Hartman Zachary C.
Published: April 2024

Validating the NoGlow construct in vitro
Supplementary Figure 3 from Inhibition of NEK2 Promotes Chemosensitivity and Reduces KSHV-positive Primary Effusion Lymphoma Burden
Authors: White Maria C. , Wong Jason P. , Damania Blossom
Published: April 2024

Figure S3. Effects of the Hec1-NEK2 inhibitor, T-1101 tosylate, on PEL viability. (A-C) Viability of PEL cells treated with vehicle control (DMSO, black line) or various concentrations of T-1101 tosylate over time. Data were normalized to the 0h luminescence values for each treatment and represent mean ± SEM. Curves were fitted using non-linear regression and represent three independent biological replicates, each performed in triplicate. (D) IC50 curves of PEL cells treated with various concentrations of T-1101 tosylate or JH295 for 72h and normalized to the DMSO control values. Individual data points are plotted for two-three independent biological replicates, each performed in triplicate. Curves were fitted using non-linear regression and are connected by means. See also Table S3. (E) Viability of PEL cells treated with DMSO, 500 nM T-1101 tosylate, or 500 nM JH295. Data are plotted as individual data points of three independent biological replicates performed in triplicate, normalized to the DMSO control values, and represent mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons. ****p < 0.0001. The DMSO data in both graphs in (E) are the same.
Figure S1 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice
Authors: Trotter Timothy N. , Wilson Andrea , McBane Jason , Dagotto Carina E. , Yang Xiao-Yi , Wei Jun-Ping , Lei Gangjun , Thrash Hannah , Snyder Joshua C. , Lyerly Herbert Kim , Hartman Zachary C.
Published: April 2024

Additional E0771 tumor growth in WT, GH, and CAG Luc-GFP mice; MMTV CAG HER2 Ad-HER2 vaccination T cell responses.
FIGURE 7 from Inhibition of NEK2 Promotes Chemosensitivity and Reduces KSHV-positive Primary Effusion Lymphoma Burden
Authors: White Maria C. , Wong Jason P. , Damania Blossom
Published: April 2024

JH295 treatment sensitizes viral and non-viral lymphomas to chemotherapy and has a synergistic effect on lymphoma cell death. A–C, Viability of PEL cells over time treated with vehicle control (DMSO, black bars), 2.2 µmol/L vinblastine (red bars), or ≤ 1.0 µmol/L JH295 (navy bars). Data are plotted as individual values of three independent biological replicates performed in triplicate and normalized to the 0-hour luminescence values for each treatment group. Data represent mean ± SEM and were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons. ns, not significant; ****, P < 0.0001; ***, P < 0.0006; **, P = 0.0092; *, P < 0.04. D–I, Viability of lymphoma cells following 72 hours of treatment with DMSO (black boxes), rapamycin (salmon boxes), JH295 (aquamarine boxes), or rapamycin + JH295 (gray boxes). Data are plotted as individual values of three independent biological replicates performed in triplicate and normalized to the corresponding 0-hour luminescence values. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Sidak multiple comparisons. ****, P < 0.0001; ***, P = 0.0002; **, P < 0.007. D–F, virus-associated PEL cell lines. G, Nonviral DLBCL cell line. H–I, Nonviral mantle cell lymphoma cell lines.
FIGURE 6 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice
Authors: Trotter Timothy N. , Wilson Andrea , McBane Jason , Dagotto Carina E. , Yang Xiao-Yi , Wei Jun-Ping , Lei Gangjun , Thrash Hannah , Snyder Joshua C. , Lyerly Herbert Kim , Hartman Zachary C.
Published: April 2024

NoGlow mice reveal unappreciated metastatic dynamics independent of the primary tumor. A, Tumor growth of triple transgenic (3 ×) B16-F10 cells (105) after subcutaneous implantation into the flank of WT C57Bl/6 (n = 2), CAG-driven Full-body WT GFP/Luc expressing mice (n = 3), CMV cre littermates positive (n = 8) or negative (n = 5) for the NoGlow construct, or SCID beige (n = 5) mice. B, Bioluminescence imaging of lungs at the time of euthanasia for each mouse from A. Robust signal is detected only in NoGlow+ lungs. *Indicates no detectable primary tumor at the end of experiment. C, Bioluminescence intensity of individual lungs from B. NoGlow+ lungs contained significantly more positive Luc signal than SCID, WT, or NoGlow− animals. D, Plot of tumor volume at time of euthanasia (x) by total lung radiance (y) for individual animals from A. P values were determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey correction. All P values represent mean ± SEM.
FIGURE 6 from Inhibition of NEK2 Promotes Chemosensitivity and Reduces KSHV-positive Primary Effusion Lymphoma Burden
Authors: White Maria C. , Wong Jason P. , Damania Blossom
Published: April 2024

NEK2 inhibition decreases tumor burden and prolongs survival in PEL xenograft mice. A, Weights of PEL-bearing mice over time treated with vehicle control (DMSO, black line) or 15 mg/kg JH295 (gray line). Data represent mean ± SD. B, Survival curves of PEL-bearing mice treated with DMSO (black line) or 15 mg/kg JH295 (gray line). Data were analyzed using log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. ****P < 0.0001. C, Quantification of PEL burden (as measured by luminescence) in mice treated with DMSO or 15 mg/kg JH295. Data were analyzed using multiple unpaired t tests. ns, not significant, ****, P < 0.0001. D, Representative IVIS imaging of PEL burden in mice treated with vehicle (DMSO) or 15 mg/kg JH295 at 21 days posttreatment. E, Quantification of total effusion volume isolated from the peritoneal cavity of PEL-bearing mice at endpoint treated with either DMSO or 15 mg/kg JH295. Data were analyzed using unpaired two-tailed t test. **, P = 0.0066. All data (unless otherwise stated) are pooled from three independent biological replicates. F, Quantification of PEL burden (as measured by luminescence) in mice treated with DMSO or 15 mg/kg JH295. Data were analyzed using paired two-tailed t test. ns, not significant; **, P = 0.0025. G, IVIS imaging of PEL burden in mice treated with vehicle (DMSO) or 15 mg/kg JH295 at 22 days posttreatment. Red circles indicate the region of interest, and tumor burden (as measured by luminescence) is indicated above each mouse (same data in F). H, Weight of solid tumors isolated from PEL-bearing mice treated with either DMSO or 15 mg/kg JH295 at 23 days posttreatment. Data were analyzed using unpaired two-tailed t-test. ***P = 0.0002. I, Quantification of total effusion volume isolated from the peritoneal cavity of PEL-bearing mice at 23 days posttreatment. Data were analyzed using unpaired two-tailed t test. **, P = 0.001. J and K, Total number of cells (J) and % dead cells (K) isolated 23 days posttreatment from the peritoneal cavities of PEL-bearing mice treated with either DMSO or 15 mg/kg JH295. For 4/5 JH295-treated mice, no effusion was present, so cells were collected via peritoneal lavage using 1 mL PBS. Two samples in the JH295 treatment group were contaminated with red blood cells and therefore omitted. Data were analyzed using unpaired two-tailed t test. **, P < 0.0025. L, Quantification of ALT present in the sera of PEL-bearing mice at 23 days posttreatment. Data were analyzed using unpaired two-tailed t test. ns, not significant.
FIGURE 5 from Inhibition of NEK2 Promotes Chemosensitivity and Reduces KSHV-positive Primary Effusion Lymphoma Burden
Authors: White Maria C. , Wong Jason P. , Damania Blossom
Published: April 2024

NEK2 inhibition in PEL decreases expression and activity of the ABC transporter proteins, MDR1 and MRP. A, Western blot analysis for MDR1, MRP1, and BCRP in PEL cells treated with or without JH295. GAPDH was used as the loading control. Data are representative of three independent biological replicates. B, Western blot analysis for MDR1, MRP1, and BCRP in BC1 cells with intact NEK2 expression (NTC) or depleted NEK2 expression (shRNA). The accompanying Western blot analysis demonstrates depleted NEK2 expression in the BC1 cells used. GAPDH was used as the loading control. All data are representative of three independent biological replicates. C, Multidrug resistance assay measuring the activity of ABC transporter proteins in PEL cells treated with or without JH295. Data represent the percentage of fluorescent dye retained inside the cells after the efflux period. The 4°C sample represents a positive control (no activity; near 100% dye retention within the cells). Data are plotted as individual data points of three independent biological replicates representing mean ± SEM and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett multiple comparisons. ***, P = 0.0003; **, P < 0.004; *, P = 0.02. D, Data are from the same experiments as C but used to calculate the multidrug resistance activity factor (MAF) for each treatment condition. Data are plotted as individual data points of three independent biological replicates representing mean ± SEM and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett multiple comparisons. BCBL1 48 hours ***, P < 0.001; **, P = 0.0069; JSC1 48 hours ****, P < 0.0001; ***, P = 0.0003. E–G, eFLUXX-ID Green assay measuring the contribution of each individual ABC transporter protein to efflux activity in PEL cells treated with or without JH295 for 48 hours. Data are fold change in mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) relative to the no inhibitor control. Data are plotted as individual data points of three independent biological replicates representing mean ± SD and analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Dunnett multiple comparisons. BCBL1 **, P < 0.002; BC1 **, P < 0.009, *, P = 0.0352; JSC1 ***, P = 0.0003, **, P < 0.008. Corresponding histogram plots of FITC (green fluorescent dye) intensity within the PEL cells are gated on PI-negative single cells, normalized to mode, and are representative of three independent biological replicates.
FIGURE 1 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice
Authors: Trotter Timothy N. , Wilson Andrea , McBane Jason , Dagotto Carina E. , Yang Xiao-Yi , Wei Jun-Ping , Lei Gangjun , Thrash Hannah , Snyder Joshua C. , Lyerly Herbert Kim , Hartman Zachary C.
Published: April 2024

Tolerance to foreign antigens is animal model specific. A and B, Mice expressing GFP and Luc in the pituitary (GH; n = 5), full-body GFP, and Luc (CAG Luc-GFP; n = 5), in FoxP3+ cells (Foxp3-GFP; n = 4), or wild-type (WT) C57Bl/6 (n = 4) were vaccinated with adenovirus (Ad) encoding GFP/Luc (2.6 × 1010 vp/mouse) and anti-Luciferase (A) or anti-GFP (B) in the serum were evaluated by ELISA after 2 weeks. Only CAG Luc-GFP animals, which express both GFP and Luc, display humoral tolerance to both upon vaccination. P values shown are at 1:50 dilution by two-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons test. C and D, E0771 GFP-Luc cells were implanted into the MFP of female WT C57Bl/6, GH, or CAG Luc-GFP mice (n = 10 each) and subsequently vaccinated with Ad-GFP/Luc or Ad-LacZ as control on day 3 (n = 5/group each). Growth of individual tumors for the duration of the experiment (C) or average tumor volume until time of first euthanasia (D) comparing control or antigen-specific Ad demonstrate that E0771 GFP-Luc cells grow significantly larger in tolerant CAG Luc-GFP mice. P values shown are at day of first euthanasia by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. E, Female WT (n = 3) or mice expressing human HER2 under the whey acid protein (WAP) promoter (WAP HER2; n = 5) or MMTV Cre–driven CAG promoter (MMTV CAG HER2; n = 3) were vaccinated with Ad-Human Her2 and splenocytes were analyzed for anti-HER2 responses by ELISPOT after 3 weeks. WAP HER2 mice displayed reduced anti-HER2 responses compared with WT animals; however, MMTV CAG HER2 animals produced a limited anti-HER2 T-cell response compared with both WT and WAP HER2. Groups were compared by two-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons test. F, Doxycycline-inducible GFP animals were given doxycycline (dox)-containing chow at the indicated time points, vaccinated at 9 weeks old, and euthanized after two weeks. G, Serum anti-GFP responses in animals from F reveal that GFP remains highly immunogenic in mice with late (8 weeks old) versus early (4 weeks old/at birth) expression of GFP via doxycycline. P values shown are at 1:50 dilution by two-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc analysis. All P values represent mean ± SEM.
TABLE 3 from Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Cancer Status Detection in Radiology Reports
Authors: Arya Ankur , Niederhausern Andrew , Bahadur Nadia , Shah Neil J. , Nichols Chelsea , Chatterjee Avijit , Philip John
Published: April 2024

Classification metric of the multi-class classifier model to predict presence of cancer using one versus rest approach on held out test data
Data from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice
Authors: Trotter Timothy N. , Wilson Andrea , McBane Jason , Dagotto Carina E. , Yang Xiao-Yi , Wei Jun-Ping , Lei Gangjun , Thrash Hannah , Snyder Joshua C. , Lyerly Herbert Kim , Hartman Zachary C.
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The ability to temporally regulate gene expression and track labeled cells makes animal models powerful biomedical tools. However, sudden expression of xenobiotic genes [e.g., GFP, luciferase (Luc), or rtTA3] can trigger inadvertent immunity that suppresses foreign protein expression or results in complete rejection of transplanted cells. Germline exposure to foreign antigens somewhat addresses these challenges; however, native fluorescence and bioluminescence abrogates the utility of reporter proteins and highly spatiotemporally restricted expression can lead to suboptimal xenoantigen tolerance. To overcome these unwanted immune responses and enable reliable cell tracking/gene regulation, we developed a novel mouse model that selectively expresses antigen-intact but nonfunctional forms of GFP and Luc, as well as rtTA3, after CRE-mediated recombination. Using tissue-specific CREs, we observed model and sex-based differences in immune tolerance to the encoded xenoantigens, illustrating the obstacles of tolerizing animals to foreign genes and validating the utility of these “NoGlow” mice to dissect mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance. Critically, tissue unrestricted NoGlow mice possess no detectable background fluorescence or luminescence and exhibit limited adaptive immunity against encoded transgenic xenoantigens after vaccination. Moreover, we demonstrate that NoGlow mice allow tracking and tetracycline-inducible gene regulation of triple-transgenic cells expressing GFP/Luc/rtTA3, in contrast to transgene-negative immune-competent mice that eliminate these cells or prohibit metastatic seeding. Notably, this model enables de novo metastasis from orthotopically implanted, triple-transgenic tumor cells, despite high xenoantigen expression. Altogether, the NoGlow model provides a critical resource for in vivo studies across disciplines, including oncology, developmental biology, infectious disease, autoimmunity, and transplantation.
Significance:
Multitolerant NoGlow mice enable tracking and gene manipulation of transplanted tumor cells without immune-mediated rejection, thus providing a platform to investigate novel mechanisms of adaptive immunity related to metastasis, immunotherapy, and tolerance.
Data from Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Cancer Status Detection in Radiology Reports
Authors: Arya Ankur , Niederhausern Andrew , Bahadur Nadia , Shah Neil J. , Nichols Chelsea , Chatterjee Avijit , Philip John
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cancer research is dependent on accurate and relevant information of patient's medical journey. Data in radiology reports are of extreme value but lack consistent structure for direct use in analytics. At Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), the radiology reports are curated using gold-standard approach of using human annotators. However, the manual process of curating large volume of retrospective data slows the pace of cancer research. Manual curation process is sensitive to volume of reports, number of data elements and nature of reports and demand appropriate skillset. In this work, we explore state of the art methods in artificial intelligence (AI) and implement end-to-end pipeline for fast and accurate annotation of radiology reports. Language models (LM) are trained using curated data by approaching curation as multiclass or multilabel classification problem. The classification tasks are to predict multiple imaging scan sites, presence of cancer and cancer status from the reports. The trained natural language processing (NLP) model classifiers achieve high weighted F1 score and accuracy. We propose and demonstrate the use of these models to assist in the manual curation process which results in higher accuracy and F1 score with lesser time and cost, thus improving efforts of cancer research.
Significance:
Extraction of structured data in radiology for cancer research with manual process is laborious. Using AI for extraction of data elements is achieved using NLP models’ assistance is faster and more accurate.
Health-Related Quality of Life of Young Adult Women with a History of Premature Adrenarche
Authors: Tennilä Jussi , Sintonen Harri , Utriainen Pauliina , Voutilainen Raimo , Jääskeläinen Jarmo , Liimatta Jani
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Children with premature adrenarche (PA) have increased adrenal androgen concentrations and earlier pubertal development than their peers. Early sexual maturation and exposure to androgens have both been associated with an increased risk for neuropsychological adversities in adulthood. Such adversities would presumably influence the experienced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of those affected. Methods: In a longitudinal case-control cohort study, 30 PA girls and 40 age-matched controls were followed from childhood to young adult age. The main outcome measure was the total 15D HRQoL score. In addition, we assessed specific dimensions of the questionnaire, the subjects’ relationship statuses, and living arrangements. Results: There were no differences between the groups in the overall 15D scores (PA, 0.956 [0.052]; control, 0.947 [0.055]; p 0.482) or on any dimension of this instrument. Conclusion: The study suggests that a history of PA does not lead to impaired HRQoL in adult age.
El canon literario andino desde los estudios de género: cargar con el peso de la hetero(marica)geneidad contradictoria. El caso de Pablo Palacio
Authors: Falconí Trávez Diego
Published: April 2024

Este artículo busca realizar una crítica desde los estudios de género respecto a la noción de canon literario heterocentrado en la zona andina. Para ello, relee tanto a la crítica nacional como a aquella regional respecto a sus construcciones en torno al ecuatoriano Pablo Palacio, escritor icónico de la vanguardia de los años 30, centrándose en dos nociones. En primer lugar, en la idea, elaborada desde la crítica literaria ecuatorianista, de la relación posicional y gráfica de un hombre que carga a otro, cuestión que ha servido para elaborar una dicotomía vertical y patriarcal en el análisis teórico que contrapone realismo social y cosmopolitismo. Y en segundo, en el concepto regional de sujeto heterogéneo y contradictorio, propuesto por Antonio Cornejo Polar que articulándose en la etnia, la clase y el estatus colonial deja, sin embargo, de lado la diferencia sexo-genérica.
Demonstrativos no Espanhol de Lima e de Buenos Aires: análise de fatores extralinguísticos
Authors: Silva Clarice Soares França , Cambraia César Nardelli
Published: April 2024

Neste estudo analisamos os demonstrativos do espanhol de Lima e de Buenos Aires no corpus do projeto NURC, considerando dados de informantes masculinos em diálogos dirigidos distribuídos em três gerações. Os resultados revelam padrões distintos entre essas duas variedades no que se refere aos tipos de uso (fórico, truncado e fático), sendo especialmente relevantes a maior frequência de fáticos em Buenos Aires (35%) frente a Lima (8,9%), a maior prevalência de ese como fórico em Buenos Aires (81,3%) frente a Lima (60,2%) e a distribuição em tempo aparente como padrão de mudança em progresso de uso fático em Lima.
Ideologia e Mito em José María Arguedas
Authors: Andrade Ligia Martins
Published: April 2024

Este artigo pretende observar a relação entre ideologia e mito na obra do escritor peruano José María Arguedas à luz da obra de José Carlos Mariátegui. A incorporação do mito no discurso literário é um projeto político-artístico presente tanto na crítica quanto na obra dos escritores, como analisado por Ángel Rama e Antonio Candido, o que instituiu certa epistemologia dominante no discurso crítico latino-americano. Pretende-se explorar, a partir da perspectiva de uma Crítica da Subalternidade e dos Estudos Pós-coloniais, esta relação entre o mito, o subdesenvolvimento e a ideologia na literatura, procurando observar se esta mesma relação opera na base de uma possível “cilada epistemológica” da produção crítica e cultural latino-americanas com implicações nas narrativas produzidas e no projeto hermenêutico do Continente.
Letramento Multissemiótico: da leitura à produção literária Construindo livro-brinquedo
Authors: Gaiola Cláudia Fabiana Órfão , Barbosa Giovana Tolesani Camargo
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo refere-se à elaboração de livros-brinquedo por alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Fundamental, tendo como objetivo o desenvolvimento do gosto e a habilidade da leitura e da escrita. A proposta foi realizada no ano letivo de 2018, na perspectiva dos estudos de Bakhtin e da teoria Histórico-Cultural. Nesta linha, as leituras dos diversos gêneros ganharam sentidos e significados a partir dos diálogos realizados na sala de aula, permitindo aos alunos a relação entre eles, entre eles e os diferentes elementos que compõem a literatura infantil (palavra, imagem, imaginário e brincadeira), e entre eles e a professora. No final do projeto os alunos estavam engajados com a prática da leitura e da escrita, houve a ampliação do repertório cultural e das possibilidades de compreensão, além de terem se tornado mais criativos.
Direitos humanos e participação política das crianças: alguns destaques ao papel dos livros e mídias para a infância
Authors: Lins Heloísa Andreia de Matos
Published: April 2024

O artigo busca problematizar os conceitos de administração simbólica e negatividade da infância, através das contribuições da filosofia da diferença e da sociologia da infância, na discussão do papel dos livros e mídias que se apresentam no mercado brasileiro, a partir de uma lógica vigente sobre direitos humanos e do estatuto da diferença/do “diferente” nesse âmbito. Coloca em perspectiva, centralmente, as temáticas trazidas pelos livros/ literatura e pelas mídias produzidas para a infância em torno da diferença e os projetos de participação política das crianças que podem ser instaurados, diante dessa acessibilidade. Assume, nessa direção, que o direito à informação e comunicação pelas crianças, pelas mídias impressas e eletrônicas, é um direito humano também fundamental a ser garantido. Traz ainda um breve mapeamento da literatura infantil produzida nessa temática e, ao modo de uma pedagogia da pergunta, levanta alguns elementos para a reflexão sobre propostas (de)coloniais para a criação de mídias e livros para/com a infância no agora.
Arquivos de criação à mostra: exposição no projeto literário de Suzy Lee
Authors: Girão Luis Carlos
Published: April 2024

O presente escrito objetiva refletir sobre o fazer artístico de Suzy Lee. A autora sul-coreana, de prestígio internacional na área da Literatura Infantil e Juvenil com suas publicações em narrativas pictóricas, é uma book artist e incentivadora constante de discussões acerca do objeto livro. No contexto de tal atividade criativa e crítica, propomos uma breve reflexão sobre as práticas comunicativas de Lee tomando como base o pensamento em processo de Cecilia Almeida Salles, na especificidade que envolve os arquivos de criação (2010, 2017). Ao expor índices de pensamento em criação por meio de falas, palestras, entrevistas, eventos, publicações em seu blog pessoal e, mesmo, em seu ensaio teórico sobre livros-imagem (2012), Suzy Lee nos fornece uma mostragem das camadas armazenadas e constituintes de seu projeto poético.
Théâtralités dans l’album pour enfants
Authors: Coelho Vinicius Pereira
Published: April 2024

Pas de résumé.
Editorial
Authors: Cristo Maria da Luz Pinheiro de
Published: April 2024

Editorial do número 38 da Revista Manuscrítica.
Bergson Ilegível
Authors: Clément Bruno , Ferraz Paulo Procopio
Published: April 2024

“Seria enganar-se extraordinariamente, diz Bergson, tomar por um elemento constitutivo da doutrina o que é apenas o seu meio de expressão”. Este estudo procura tirar todas as consequências dessa afirmação paradoxal. Se a lêssemos ao pé da letra, se a expressão conceitual fosse, efetivamente, como Bergson também diz, “necessariamente simbólica”, então não seria apenas a leitura do texto em que ela se encontra que seria afetada, mas é também a escrita desse texto e a própria prática da filosofia que deveriam ser profundamente modificadas.
Passado a limpo, n. 39
Authors: Almeida Aline Novais de
Published: April 2024

Notícias de crítica genética.
The genus Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Cyprus
Authors: SALATA SEBASTIAN , DEMETRIOU JAKOVOS , GEORGIADIS CHRISTOS , BOROWIEC LECH
Published: April 2024

Only five species of the genus Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 have been reported from Cyprus, hitherto. Based on material surveys, the presence of 12 species is reported. Eight of them are described as new to science: T. akrotiriensis n. sp., T. apolloni n. sp., T. cerastarum n. sp., T. evagorae n. sp., T. hippomenesi n. sp., T. kykkos n. sp., T. nikoklesi n. sp., and T. oreades n. sp. In addition, T. cypridis (Santschi, 1930) n. stat. is raised to the species rank, while T. aeolius (Forel, 1911) and T. curtisetosus Salata & Borowiec, 2015 are reported from Cyprus for the first time. An identification key and color photos of all Cypriot species of Temnothorax are provided.
Statistical Analysis of Moisture Sources and Quantitative Contribution of Cold Vortex Rainstorms in Northeast China during the Warm Season
Authors: Yang Yuting , Cui Xiaopeng , Li Ying , Huang Lijun , Tian Jia
Published: April 2024

The northeast cold vortex (NECV) is an essential system in the northeast region (NER) of China. Understanding the moisture source and associated transport characteristics of NECV rainstorms is the key to the knowledge of its mechanisms. In this study, we focus on two NECV rainstorm centers during the warm season (May–September) from 2008 to 2013. The Flexible Particle (FLEXPART) model and quantitative contribution analysis method are applied to reveal the moisture sources and their quantitative contribution. The results demonstrate that for the northern NECV rainstorm center (R1), Northeast Asia (35.66%) and east-central China and its coastal regions (29.14%) make prominent moisture contributions, followed by R1 (11.37%), whereas east-central China and its coastal regions (45.16%), the southern NECV rainstorm center itself (R2, 17.90%), and the northwest Pacific (10.24%) principally contribute to R2. Moisture uptake in Northeast Asia differs between R1 and R2, which could serve as one of the vital indicators to judge where the NECV rainstorm falls in NER. Moisture from the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the South China Sea suffers massive en route loss, although these sources’ contribution and uptake are positively correlated with the intensity and scale of NECV rainstorms in the two centers. There exists intermonth and geographical variability in NECV rainstorms when the main moisture source region contributes the most. Regulated by the atmospheric circulation and the East Asian summer monsoon, the particle trajectories and source contributions of NECV rainstorms vary from month to month. Sources’ contribution also turns out to be diverse in the overall warm season.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia may be the most morbid inherited bleeding disorder in women
Authors: Zhang Ellen , Virk Zain M. , Rodriguez-Lopez Josanna , Al-Samkari Hanny
Published: April 2024

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is the second-most common inherited bleeding disorder (BD) worldwide and remains without approved therapies. HHT causes serious mucosal bleeding resulting in severe iron-deficiency anemia, major psychosocial complications, and visceral arteriovenous malformations in the brain, lung, and liver, which can cause life-threatening hemorrhagic complications. No study has examined the relative morbidity of HHT and von Willebrand disease (VWD), which is the most common inherited BD in women. We performed an observational cohort study of women with HHT or VWD, comparing a representative sample of 100 randomly selected women with HHT to 100 randomly selected age-matched women with VWD. In HHT vs VWD, recurrent epistaxis and gastrointestinal bleeding were more likely (odds ratio [OR], 32.73 [95% confidence interval, 13.81-71.80]; P < .0001 and 5.69 [2.59-12.89]; P < .0001) and heavy menstrual bleeding was less likely (OR, 0.32 [0.18-0.57]; P < .0001). Iron-deficiency anemia was significantly more likely, and the lowest hemoglobin was significantly lower in HHT than in VWD. The odds of iron infusion dependence, requirement for red cell transfusion, and hemostatic surgical procedures were significantly higher—17-fold, threefold, and eightfold higher, respectively—and hospital admissions to manage disease complications were both ∼14 times more frequent in women with HHT vs those with VWD. In conclusion, much higher disease-related morbidity, mortality, and health care use were observed in women with HHT vs VWD, providing evidence that HHT may be the most clinically significant inherited BD in women. Given the vast gap in research funding for HHT compared with both hemophilia (a disease primarily of men) and VWD, these findings have significant implications for gender equity in hematology.
Holotomography and atomic force microscopy: a powerful combination to enhance cancer, microbiology and nanotoxicology research
Authors: Medina-Ramirez Iliana E. , Macias-Diaz J. E. , Masuoka-Ito David , Zapien Juan Antonio
Published: April 2024

Modern imaging strategies are paramount to studying living systems such as cells, bacteria, and fungi and their response to pathogens, toxicants, and nanomaterials (NMs) as modulated by exposure and environmental factors. The need to understand the processes and mechanisms of damage, healing, and cell survivability of living systems continues to motivate the development of alternative imaging strategies. Of particular interest is the use of label-free techniques (microscopy procedures that do not require sample staining) that minimize interference of biological processes by foreign marking substances and reduce intense light exposure and potential photo-toxicity effects. This review focuses on the synergic capabilities of atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a well-developed and robust imaging strategy with demonstrated applications to unravel intimate details in biomedical applications, with the label-free, fast, and enduring Holotomographic Microscopy (HTM) strategy. HTM is a technique that combines holography and tomography using a low intensity continuous illumination laser to investigate (quantitatively and non-invasively) cells, microorganisms, and thin tissue by generating three-dimensional (3D) images and monitoring in real-time inner morphological changes. We first review the operating principles that form the basis for the complementary details provided by these techniques regarding the surface and internal information provided by HTM and AFM, which are essential and complimentary for the development of several biomedical areas studying the interaction mechanisms of NMs with living organisms. First, AFM can provide superb resolution on surface morphology and biomechanical characterization. Second, the quantitative phase capabilities of HTM enable superb modeling and quantification of the volume, surface area, protein content, and mass density of the main components of cells and microorganisms, including the morphology of cells in microbiological systems. These capabilities result from directly quantifying refractive index changes without requiring fluorescent markers or chemicals. As such, HTM is ideal for long-term monitoring of living organisms in conditions close to their natural settings. We present a case-based review of the principal uses of both techniques and their essential contributions to nanomedicine and nanotoxicology (study of the harmful effects of NMs in living organisms), emphasizing cancer and infectious disease control. The synergic impact of the sequential use of these complementary strategies provides a clear drive for adopting these techniques as interdependent fundamental tools.

Graphical abstract
The transcriptional response in mosquitoes distinguishes between fungi and bacteria but not Gram types
Authors: Hixson Bretta , Huot Louise , Morejon Bianca , Yang Xiaowei , Nagy Peter , Michel Kristin , Buchon Nicolas
Published: April 2024

Mosquitoes are prolific vectors of human pathogens, therefore a clear and accurate understanding of the organization of their antimicrobial defenses is crucial for informing the development of transmission control strategies. The canonical infection response in insects, as described in the insect model Drosophila melanogaster, is pathogen type-dependent, with distinct stereotypical responses to Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria/fungi mediated by the activation of the Imd and Toll pathways, respectively. To determine whether this pathogen-specific discrimination is shared by mosquitoes, we used RNAseq to capture the genome-wide transcriptional response of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) to systemic infection with Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, as well as challenge with heat-killed Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and fungal pathogens. From the resulting data, we found that Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae both mount a core response to all categories of infection, and this response is highly conserved between the two species with respect to both function and orthology. When we compared the transcriptomes of mosquitoes infected with different types of bacteria, we observed that the intensity of the transcriptional response was correlated with both the virulence and growth rate of the infecting pathogen. Exhaustive comparisons of the transcriptomes of Gram-negative-challenged versus Gram-positive-challenged mosquitoes yielded no difference in either species. In Ae. aegypti, however, we identified transcriptional signatures specific to bacterial infection and to fungal infection. The bacterial infection response was dominated by the expression of defensins and cecropins, while the fungal infection response included the disproportionate upregulation of an uncharacterized family of glycine-rich proteins. These signatures were also observed in Ae. aegypti challenged with heat-killed bacteria and fungi, indicating that this species can discriminate between molecular patterns that are specific to bacteria and to fungi.
Comparative physiology and transcriptome response patterns in cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive varieties of Solanum melongena
Authors: cai Peng , lan Yanhong , Gong Fangyi , Li Chun , Xia Feng , Li Yifan , Fang Chao
Published: April 2024

Background

Climate change has led to severe cold events, adversely impacting global crop production. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), a significant economic crop, is highly susceptible to cold damage, affecting both yield and quality. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms governing cold resistance, including the identification of key genes and comprehensive transcriptional regulatory pathways, is crucial for developing new varieties with enhanced tolerance.

Results

In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of leaf physiological indices and transcriptome sequencing results. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) highlighted peroxidase (POD) activity and soluble protein as crucial physiological indicators for both varieties. RNA-seq data analysis revealed that a total of 7024 and 6209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from variety “A” and variety “B”, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of DEGs demonstrated that the significant roles of starch and sucrose metabolism, glutathione metabolism, terpenoid synthesis, and energy metabolism (sucrose and starch metabolism) were the key pathways in eggplant. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) shown that the enrichment of numerous cold-responsive genes, pathways, and soluble proteins in the MEgrep60 modules. Core hub genes identified in the co-expression network included POD, membrane transporter-related gene MDR1, abscisic acid-related genes, growth factor enrichment gene DELLA, core components of the biological clock PRR7, and five transcription factors. Among these, the core transcription factor MYB demonstrated co-expression with signal transduction, plant hormone, biosynthesis, and metabolism-related genes, suggesting a pivotal role in the cold response network.

Conclusion

This study integrates physiological indicators and transcriptomics to unveil the molecular mechanisms responsible for the differences in cold tolerance between the eggplant cold-tolerant variety “A” and the cold-sensitive variety “B”. These mechanisms include modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevation in osmotic carbohydrate and free proline content, and the expression of terpenoid synthesis genes. This comprehensive understanding contributes valuable insights into the molecular underpinnings of cold stress tolerance, ultimately aiding in the improvement of crop cold tolerance.