bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Student Mentorship Experiences in an Online Doctoral Program
Authors: Torres Kelly M. , Giddie Lord , Statti Aubrey
Published: March 2022

As more students elect to complete their doctoral studies online, faculty need to identify and implement mentorship approaches that are conducive to student understanding of the dissertation process. Faculty to mentee relationships are a prominent aspect of student retention and success in doctoral programs. Due to advances in technology, dissertation chairs have access to tools that allow for real-time feedback and support. Therefore, this study examined student dissertation and faculty mentorship experiences. Participants expressed satisfaction in their doctoral studies and dissertation process. However, students shared challenges associated with balancing multiple commitments, feeling lower levels of writing self-confidence, and understanding the dissertation process and expectations. These findings provide additional support on the importance of developing and maintaining positive online doctoral experiences.
Teacher Instructional Practices and Student Mathematics Achievement
Authors: Osborne Michael C.
Published: March 2022

Using the nationally representative sample from the United States in the 2012 Programme for International Student Assessment (N = 7,429 students from 240 schools), I examined the relationship between teacher instructional practices and student mathematics achievement. To account for the multilevel structure of the data with students nested within schools, I used a two-level hierarchical linear model in the data analysis. Teacher instructional practices showed statistically significant effects on student mathematics achievement, even after controlling for socioeconomic status (SES) and sex at the student level and school mean SES and whether the school is public or private at the school level. Furthermore, I found that the relationship between teacher instructional practices and student mathematics achievement varied statistically significantly across schools.
The Paideia Program is Worth Another Look
Authors: Richardi Jessica
Published: March 2022

Educational opportunity is unequally distributed in the United States, most notably by race and economic status. Commonly practiced in K–12 schools across the country, tracking and ability grouping serve to exacerbate those existing inequities. Recent renewed activism for racial and economic justice, coupled with concerns over learning loss due to COVID-19 school closures, makes this an ideal time for educators to reconsider a formerly well-known and ambitious whole-school reform system called the Paideia Program. The system itself is described and a comprehensive review of research and literature follows. This review demonstrates Paideia’s potential to improve educational outcomes and thus help to equalize educational opportunity across demographic lines, in and of itself a rationale for updated research on its implementation and effects.
A Culturally Responsive Literacy Approach to Develop Scientific Conceptual Knowledge through Creative Narratives
Authors: Stevenson Alma D. , Huffling Lacey D
Published: March 2022

Our study examined the effects of culturally responsive literacy pedagogical approaches in the development of scientific vocabulary and conceptual knowledge among minoritized middle-grade students during a summer program. We describe the design and implementation of a literacy-enriched STEM instructional unit of study built upon the background experiences of Latina/Latino migrant farmworkers’ children to expand their STEM literacy skills and knowledge. Our aim with this unit was to increase the students’ science knowledge and skills; strengthen their mathematical abilities; enhance their ability to use technology for research; and improve their academic vocabulary, language, and writing skills. This program also had as an objective to explore the students’ self-perceptions regarding science learning. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from the students’ pre- and postsurveys, pre- and post-tests, assignments, and group interview. The results demonstrated significant improvements in the students’ vocabulary and conceptual understandings. The students developed an awareness of the interrelation of science, math, technology, and literacy with their background experiences, expanded their interest in science, and increased their ability to write effectively about STEM topics. These results also highlighted the significance of connecting STEM instruction with both background knowledge and possible careers via out-of-school efforts like this program to increase minoritized students’ interest in pursuing STEM careers.
Conceptual Stewardship and Ethics Centers
Authors: Beever Jonathan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2022

In this essay I propose that ethics centers should take leadership roles in clarifying uses of normatively thick and complex concepts. Using the concept of integrity as an example, I build a case for increased focus on thick concepts at work in ethics. Integrity is a special case, given its conceptual complexity and the diversity of contexts in which it is utilized. I argue that failure to focus on conceptual clarification leaves the door open to misuse or manipulation of ethical concepts and to contextual siloing, each of which limits the work that ethics and ethics centers can do in support of institutional cultures. Ethics centers stand, or—as I make clear—should stand, as conceptual stewards for articulation of the importance of such concepts in balancing external ethics visibility and personal ethics engagement.
Two new species of Lasianthus Jack (Rubiaceae) from southern Vietnam
Authors: Dang Minh Quan , Nguyen Manh Ha , Hoang Nghia Son , Le Van Tho , Nguyen Thi Mai Huong , Ho Nguyen Quynh Chi , Truong Ba Vuong , Dang Van Son
Published: March 2022

Two new species of shrubs in the genus Lasianthus Jack (Rubiaceae), L. naikii V.S.Dang & Vuong sp. nov. and L. sonlangensis V.S.Dang, Vuong & Quan sp. nov. from Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve of Gia Lai Province in southern Vietnam, are described and illustrated. The similarities and differences of two new species with the morphologically closest allies are presented. Descriptions, illustrations, colour plates and vernacular names are provided.
The role of the State Audit Institution in Serbia
Authors: Trklja Radmila , Trklja Milan , Dašić Boban
Published: March 2022

The topic of this paper is introduction to the importance of the State Audit Institution, its role and competencies, organization, Code of Ethics and international cooperation. The State Audit Institution (SAI) is the supreme authority for auditing of public funds in the Republic of Serbia. It was founded in 2005pursuant to the Law on State Audit Institution. The State Audit Institution is an independent and autonomous state authority. For performance of activities within its competence, the State Audit Institution is accountable to the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia. SAI performs the activities within its competence pursuant to the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia, Law on State Audit Institution and Rules of Procedure of the State Audit Institution which, in compliance with the Law, regulate more closely the audit procedure conducted by SAI, the manner of ensuring transparency in work, decision-making process and other issues established by the Law that are relevant for operations of SAI.
Representatives of the genus 'Trissolcus' (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on the territory of Serbia, natural enemies of pests of Pentatomidae family (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Ivezić Aleksandar , Trudić Branislav , Ignjatović-Ćupina Aleksandra
Published: March 2022

Different types of polyphagous true bug pests are present in Serbia and countries in the region, many of which stand out as significant pests of agricultural crops. Among the harmful true bugs, the green vegetable bug, Nezara viridula Linnaeus, 1758 and the brown marble bug Halyomorpha halys Stål, 1855 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are the species that currently attract attention the most, primarily because of their invasive and polyphagous nautre and ability to migrate rapidly from one crop to another. In many regions, where harmful bugs cause large economic losses, control strategies are primarily based on the application of chemicals. In addition to chemical control measures, biological control measures are increasingly present, which are based on the application of natural enemies of pests. Species from the genus Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) show the best results in the biological control of polyphagous true bug. The species that has been commercially used for many years to control harmful Hemiptera is Trissolcus basalis Wollaston, 1958, which is one of the most important natural enemies of the green vegetable bug in the World. The species Trissolcus japonicus Ashmead, 1904 and Trissolcus mitsukurii Ashmead, 1904 have been identified as the predominant parasitoids of the brown marble bug and show great potential in the biological control of this harmful species. Representatives of the genus Trissolcus are also registered on the territory of Serbia, which opens the possibility of including native species of the genus Trissolcus in the strategies of biological control of true bug pests on the territory of Serbia and the region.
Affirmation of radical religious attitudes by means of social networks
Authors: Stevanović Nemanja
Published: March 2022

From the earliest forms of life until today, man is in constant need of means that would enable simpler and faster communication. The evolution of the brain and natural intelligence, as well as the technological revolution and the development of artificial intelligence, originally for military purposes, created such conditions that allowed oral communication, which involved physical presence, to be replaced by virtual, which is completely unconditional in this respect, and requires only minimum resources to be practiced. In such an atmosphere, especially in the beginning of the 21st century, there has been an expansive growth of offers of new forms of communication, where, judging by the number of users and importance for a modern, practical life, social networks have managed best. The viral use of these platforms for social interaction and their unstoppable progress have gone a few steps ahead of the possibilities of mankind, bearing the consequence that these users often find themselves in the role of victims of unfinished or superficially implemented process of shaping social networks into a comprehensive normative district. Empirical research conducted using a survey questionnaire showed that users of social networks are constantly exposed to some form of intolerant or violent behavior, and that part of such behavior is based on extremely radical religious attitudes. However, verbal violence accompanied by religious motives, when it comes to social networks, is not a systemic and organized activity, although it shows the potential to become so at some point, but is part of an extremist opus that includes discrimination based on other criteria of diversity.
Human security in a divided city: Urban security divide as a tool for human security-oriented research and policies
Authors: Paraušić Ana
Published: March 2022

Besides being the sites of economic development, centres of social mobility and cultural creativity, cities are also places marked by inequalities and divisions along a range of axes, including class, race, ethnicity, gender, generation, as well as security. The paper`s goal is to present the urban security divide, as an analytical tool for exploring divisions in human security in the city, which stem from the unequal levels of access to security service and/or readiness of security actors to provide the service. The concept is based on the assumption that security, like some other services in the city, is a common good, a resource that should be equally or universally available to city dwellers. Its absence or presence can be an indicator of spatial inequality and division. Additional to the description of the concept, the author will try to suggest the conceptual framework for urban security divide analysis through the lens of the seven dimensions of human security. The urban security divide could be seen beyond its theoretical or methodological usage, but also as a practical tool for urban security policies whose goals would be to narrow the differences in human insecurities and inequalities in urban areas.
Prediction the shear strength and shear modulus of sand-clay mixture using bender element
Authors: Alshameri Badee
Published: March 2022

Employing the conventional laboratory geotechnical methods such as shear box test to measure shear strength and shear modulus require destroying the samples which is seen as time consuming and costly. Whilst the bender element technique (BE) maintains the sample condition, time, and cost efficiency. Several sand-clay mixtures were compacted and subjected to bender element test as well as sheared using shear box test to measure and correlate shear modulus (t), shear strength (G) and the maximum shear modulus (Gmax). The results showed the critical stage (transition fines-grained) at fine-grained (FG) equal to 50% where any further increment beyond this value led to decrement the soil mixture strength. Both t and G were normalized using moisture content, density, and applied normal stress. Five empirical equations from the normalized shear strength tN were applied on the previous field data to exam their reliable and limitations. The equations indicated the importance of including the effect of overburden pressure for the natural sample as well as the in-situ moisture content and field density to avoid uncertainty in the predicted value of the soil shear strength and modulus. At no depth limitation, all empirical equations (tN1, tN2, tN3, tN4, and tN5) exceed ±20% lines which indicated a large variation in results. At depth limitation (< 5 m), only one equation corresponding to N4 showed reasonable validity and reliability to predict the shear strength. Similar was on the prediction of the shear modulus. The 5 m depth limit was recommended to apply the equation consistently.
Using support vector regression and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm in multi-objective optimization of milling of S50C steel under MQL condition
Authors: van Canh , Ba Nghien , Tien Dung , van Que , Xuan Truong , Thuy Duong
Published: March 2022

The modern machining industry faces reducing manufacturing cost pressure and improve product quality expectations. Due to this competition a manufacturer must continually identify cost cutting opportunities in manufacturing process. The keys technology represents cost-saving opportunities associated with reducing cutting fluid consumption, cutting energy consumption, and improves the overall performance of machining operations at the same time. Hence, multiple response optimization techniques have recently become the focus of research to improve product quality by increasing surface quality and reduce costs by reducing cutting force, cutting fluids, and energy consumption of the cutting process recently. Among various optimization methods, few Taguchi-based likes as TOPSIS, COPRAS, MOORA, VIKOR... were chosen to solve complex multiple criteria problems. However, the limitation of these techniques is that it was helped to rank and select the best parameters set for the implemented experiments only. In this work, an attempt was made to streamline the milling and coolant condition parameters of S50C carbon steel under MQL condition. Experiments were performed based on Taguchi's L27 orthogonal array. Five input factors includes machining parameters including cutting speed (Vc), feed (fz), and depth of the cut (ap) combined with two coolant parameters such as coolant air pressure (P), flow rate of lubricant (Q) were considered the variants, while specific cutting energy (Ec), material removed rate (MRR) and surface roughness were response variables. Particle swarm optimization Support Vector Machines (SVM) was used to generate the regression model, then Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) was used to optimize surface roughness (Ra), specific cutting energy (Ec), and production rate (MRR).
Market and performance implications of fast fit service concepts in automotive maintenance systems
Authors: Velimirović Milan , Velimirović Dragana , Popović Vladimir
Published: March 2022

This paper presents research related to fast fit service concepts in the automotive maintenance at authorized services, as tool usefull that service provider increase competitiveness. Implementation process of fast fit maintenance service concept in two authorized service networks is shown as well as the results of its empirical implementation, by using descriptive, comparative and statistical analysis method. Implementation of new maintenance service approach shows that its application leads to an improve of the after-sales work performances, relevantly affects the result of the whole business. In particular, in relation to the period when this service concept was not implemented new approach resulted in an increase in the number of total service visits. This research is limited to the automotive maintenance service industry especially as place for an improvement in authorized workshops. But some further studies could refine those measures and process of implementation for the applicability in some other service context.
Economic feasibility of heating source conversion of the swimming pools
Authors: Al-Falahat Ala'a , Abu Qadourah , Alrwashdeh Saad
Published: March 2022

Conversion from conventional heating systems is developed to address the emission of CO2 in the environment, global warming, rising costs, potential shortages of fossil fuels, for all energy source alternatives available. This study reviewed the economic feasibility associated with converting the current heat source to a renewable energy source of heating swimming pools located in Jordan. Many modern heating systems techniques are proposed in this study such as solar heat collectors, heat pump and photovoltaic assisted heat pump. Solar heat collectors are a device that collects and/or concentrate solar radiation from the sun and allow for heating the water. In addition, a growing interest in photovoltaic/heat pump systems is considered, which combines photovoltaic cells and heat pump systems. Hence converting solar energy into electricity and then heat through the heat pump. The Initial and operation cost for all proposed techniques is evaluated. As a result, it is found that the best economical alternative option that can be installed on the available area of the building is photovoltaic with a heat pump system during the heating season. The operation cost of the current source (diesel boiler) is about 179,974 US$ and the total cost of heat solar thermal collector is about 936,540 US$ but the total cost of the proposed photovoltaic/heat pump system is nearly 251,060 US$, which save about 45,134 US$ yearly of the total commercial building electricity bill that is selected with a payback period of fewer than two years. In addition, available space on the rooftop of the selected building is well fitted with photovoltaic panels which are around 2000 m2. This result suggests that utilizing a PV/HP system for hotel pools is advantageous both financially and environmentally.
Key competences of 21st century teachers
Authors: Savić Marinko
Published: March 2022

The work of the school, with all the elements that this work implies: educational results, school climate, school culture, encouraging students to develop, etc., largely depends on the teaching staff working in the school. The teacher is, without a doubt, the most important factor in the work of the school. In other words, we can have ideal curricula, impeccable textbooks, optimal conditions, without professional and dedicated teachers there is no quality teaching, and thus no valid results of the educational work. On the other hand, poor curricula, poor quality textbooks and modest working conditions are not a serious obstacle for a professional and ambitious teacher to lead students in a safe way in his / her educational development. The specificity of teaching is that it requires the greatest possible professionalism and expertise, because the responsibility is huge. Teacher work is so complex that mistakes in the work are inevitable, which is why one should not run away from the mistakes but the must reduce them to a minimum and constantly review their actions in order to correct the mistakes. Successful teaching requires knowledge of a wide range of human knowledge (general and vocational education), and at the same time requires impeccable personal characteristics. On the other hand, the teaching work in all its scope, "suffers" as well as complete incompetence and superficiality in the work, because the consequences of such work are usually not visible immediately, but much later. The paper deals with defining and explaining the key competencies of teachers necessary for the successful performance of educational activities in accordance with the needs of students and the challenges of the time in which we live and which is coming.
Sentence supplement in the form of dependent sentences and infinitive constructions
Authors: Plojović Albina , Nezirović Edin , Redžović Elma , Smailović Samir
Published: March 2022

Syntax, as an important part of grammar, deals with the analysis of sentences and their elements. Many grammarians have paid great attention to sentence complements which, according to the dependent model of grammar, represent a very important part of a sentence. The structure or syntax of a sentence in German is probably the most complex topic in German grammar. One of the grammarians who devoted himself to this field of grammar was Ulrich Engel. Using the dependent model of grammar, Engel managed to bring the syntax of the German language closer to many Germanists in a simple way, and not only in the Germanspeaking area. Infinitive construction and dependent sentences are forms with the help of which certain sentence additions can be realized. Using the model of dependent grammar, this paper explains the process of realization of sentence addition, using examples from a specialized corpus, i.e., the first two chapters of the work Tin Drum (Die Blechtrommel) by Günther Grass, and the analysis of the content led to key answers.
North Macedonian democratization process: Impact of VMRO-DPMNE's alteration from Europeanization to ethno-nationalistic narrative
Authors: Karišik Emin
Published: March 2022

This paper's primary focus moves around influence of VMRO DPMNE's (The Internal North Macedonian Revolutionary Organization-Democratic Party for North Macedonian National Unity; hereinafter: VMRO-DMNE) alteration of political strategy on the process of Europeanization and does that influence on Europeanization also mean that there is influence on democratization as well, or there is no potential causal relation. The aim is to define what Europeanization means by demystification of the Union's role in democratization of North Macedonia through the European Union's (hereinafter: EU) member state building alongside with definition of the term democratization. Thereupon observation of North Macedonian transition in this paper will move around two waves of Europeanization set through timeframes. First wave took place from 1991 to 2006 and second from 2007 until now (still ongoing). Theoretical background deliberated by prominent authors proved causative connection between the processes of democratization and Europeanization in North Macedonia alongside with results from analysis of the two waves of Europeanization that proved that VMRO-DPMNE's alteration of political strategy from Europeanization narrative to ethno-nationalistic one has contributed to negative democratization trajectory of North Macedonia since 2007.
The perspective of constructivist teaching in Kosovo secondary schools: the interaction between subjective factors
Authors: Bujari Remzi
Published: March 2022

Debate on teaching and learning in school-based orientation is becoming more concentrated. It is important to note that each study in terms of educational policy in Kosovo, requires a highlighted study because recent years have seen a struggle between the "progressive" and the "traditional" approach to teaching. Constructivist theory has to do with the construction and approval of the learning process in practice, for example constructivist approach in terms of learning requires pedagogy in "progress" or "active learning", it requires students to be engaged in practical activities and a profound thinking in search of meaning. It is also important to acknowledge that attention devoted to constructiveness in school may have served the educational curriculum, as well as the learning process of students. Constructivists put more emphasize to the knowledge that is in use rather than to the gathering of facts, concepts and solid and mechanical skills. Constructivist teaching enables students to build new ideas based on interaction with the ideas, concepts and previous knowledge they have gained from their life experience.
Značaj finansijske analize u identifikaciji snaga i slabosti firme - studija slučaja
Authors: Milojević Stefan , Knežević Snežana , Petković Zdravka
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of several ratio-accounting measures to analyze the performance of the selected firm. Financial statement analysis using accounting ratios has been one of the most commonly used models of assessing business performance. Financial analysis outcomes can be used to help the owner of a small enterprise in making financial and investment decisions to maximize the wealth of the owner. These measures indicate different conditions of the firm - liquidity, profitability, solvency, efficiency and productivity.
Keep calm, the corridor will be open soon
Authors: Nikolaeva Olga
Published: March 2022

This article explores the creative practice of an independent Russian theatre collective, Soso Daughters. The collective was founded in Moscow by theatredirector and playwright Zhenya Berkovich in 2018 and recently premiered their fourth production. The subjects of the productions the collective performsoften delve into girls’ and women’s lives and traumatic experiences that are constantly undermined, dismissed or ignored. Driven by the feminist ethic ofcare, this article aims to situate Soso Daughters’ creative work in the context of scan-aesthetic across the Nordic and Baltic regions, and to turn scholars andspectators’ attention to the issue of an independent theatre practice in Russia. The article is based on interviews with the collective’s director and scenographer as well as first-hand observations of their productions. The article further explores the possibility of representation of trauma and traumatic experience in The Rhyme, the collective’s first production, grounding the analysis in that the holistic approach to scenography.
The Role of Vitamin D in Menopausal Medicine
Authors: Kim Mijin , Kim Tae-Hee , Lee Hae-Hyeog , Kim Heung Yeol , Oh Min-Jung
Published: March 2022

Menopause is the time at which menstruation stops in women. After menopause, women are more susceptible to some diseases, especially osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D has a protective effect against osteoporosis by facilitating the absorption of calcium and affecting parathyroid hormone. Vitamin D also affects cardiovascular function by lowering the blood pressure, which affects the renin–angiotensin system and alters the low-density lipoprotein receptor activity. This paper discusses supplemental vitamin D in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.
Andreev reflection in a normal-superconductor-normal junction based on type-II Weyl semimetal
Authors: Chen Shu-Gang , Li Xue-Si , Han Yu ,   College of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China,   Department of Physics, Normal College, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110003, China
Published: March 2022

The quantum transport behavior of the normal-superconductor-normal (NSN) junction is studied theoretically based on a type-II Weyl semimetal which is rotated a certain angle. The calculation results show that the orientation angle determines the scattering mechanism of the system. In the NSN junction, there exist simultaneously two local Andreev reflections (ARs) (retro AR and specular AR) and two local election transmissions (ETs) (retro ET and specular ET) when the orientation angle is small. Moreover, the retro AR is gradually suppressed with the further increase of the orientation angle. When the orientation angle exceeds the critical angle, the scattering mechanism in NSN junction is the same as that of the NSN junction in normal mental, i.e. the normal electron reflection, normal electron transmission, retro Andreev reflection and crossed Andreev reflection take place simultaneously. In addition, the total conductance of the system is unaffected by the chemical potential, nor by the incident angle when the orientation angle is smaller than the critical angle, but decreases with the increase of the incident angle when the orientation angle is greater than the critical angle. The conductance of crossed Andreev reflection increases with incident angle increasing under some conditions.
High-performance pipeline for MutMap and QTL-seq
Authors: Sugihara Yu , Young Lester , Yaegashi Hiroki , Natsume Satoshi , Shea Daniel J. , Takagi Hiroki , Booker Helen , Innan Hideki , Terauchi Ryohei , Abe Akira
Published: March 2022

Bulked segregant analysis implemented in MutMap and QTL-seq is a powerful and efficient method to identify loci contributing to important phenotypic traits. However, the previous pipelines were not user-friendly to install and run. Here, we describe new pipelines for MutMap and QTL-seq. These updated pipelines are approximately 5–8 times faster than the previous pipeline, are easier for novice users to use, and can be easily installed through bioconda with all dependencies.

Availability

The new pipelines of MutMap and QTL-seq are written in Python and can be installed via bioconda. The source code and manuals are available online (MutMap: https://github.com/YuSugihara/MutMap, QTL-seq: https://github.com/YuSugihara/QTL-seq).
Mitochondrial complex IV defects induce metabolic and signaling perturbations that expose potential vulnerabilities in HCT116 cells
Authors: Uchenunu Oro , Zhdanov Alexander V. , Hutton Phillipe , Jovanovic Predrag , Wang Ye , Andreev Dmitry E. , Hulea Laura , Papadopoli David J. , Avizonis Daina , Baranov Pavel V. , Pollak Michael N. , Papkovsky Dmitri B. , Topisirovic Ivan
Published: March 2022

Mutations in genes encoding cytochrome c oxidase (mitochondrial complex IV) subunits and assembly factors [e.g., synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 (SCO2)] are linked to severe metabolic syndromes. Notwithstanding that SCO2 is under transcriptional control of tumor suppressor p53, the role of mitochondrial complex IV dysfunction in cancer metabolism remains obscure. Herein, we demonstrate that the loss of SCO2 in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells leads to significant metabolic and signaling perturbations. Specifically, abrogation of SCO2 increased NAD+ regenerating reactions and decreased glucose oxidation through citric acid cycle while enhancing pyruvate carboxylation. This was accompanied by a reduction in amino acid levels and the accumulation of lipid droplets. In addition, SCO2 loss resulted in hyperactivation of the insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)/AKT axis with paradoxical downregulation of mTOR signaling, which was accompanied by increased AMP‐activated kinase activity. Accordingly, abrogation of SCO2 expression appears to increase the sensitivity of cells to IGF1R and AKT, but not mTOR inhibitors. Finally, the loss of SCO2 was associated with reduced proliferation and enhanced migration of HCT116 cells. Collectively, herein we describe potential adaptive signaling and metabolic perturbations triggered by mitochondrial complex IV dysfunction.
Embedded 3D Printing of Ultrasound‐Compatible Arterial Phantoms with Biomimetic Elasticity
Authors: Wu Yun , Chee Adrian J. Y. , Golzar Hossein , Yu Alfred C. H. , Tang Xiaowu (Shirley)
Published: March 2022

Here, a class of ink materials and an embedded 3D printing strategy for the fabrication of macroscale elastic tissue‐mimetic constructs are presented. Novel inks composed of 10 wt% glycidyl methacrylated poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAGMA) with different degrees of substitution (DOS) and 4 wt% cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) (PVAGMA(DOS)/CNC) with strong shear‐thinning property are developed. By controlling the DOS of PVAGMA, hydrogels with desired mechanical stiffness mimicking that of healthy and diseased artery are designed to construct vascular phantoms. Cyclic tensile tests and in vitro hemodynamic study performed on phantoms demonstrate their excellent mechanical stability and low hysteresis. The burst pressure is found to be about 273 mmHg for PVAGMA2/CNC and 102 mmHg for PVAGMA4/CNC and the printed vascular phantoms are able to withstand 863K cycles over 10 days. Further, their suitability for ultrasonic imaging is demonstrated. Via B‐mode imaging, it is found that the vessel strains under a pulsatile flow are 11.7 ± 1.0% and 6.5 ± 1.5% for PVAGMA2/CNC and PVAGMA4/CNC vessels, respectively, perfectly matching the behaviors of healthy and atherosclerotic arteries. It exemplifies that the ink materials and printing strategy can have broad applications in biomedical research, especially for the fabrication of complex elastic tissue phantoms.
Mechanism Insight into an Unprecedented Dual Series‐Parallel Photocharge Separation in Quaternary Cu2O Facet Junctions
Authors: Cui Jie , Zhang Xin , Huang Hongwei , Yang Man , Yang Bian , Yang Qing , Liang Shuhua , Sun Shaodong
Published: March 2022

Uncovering the contribution of anisotropic crystal facets in single‐crystalline photocatalysts is still a challenge in fundamental study. Here, the mechanism underlying facet junction‐dependent photocharge separation in polyhedral Cu2O is demonstrated, which is beneficial for understanding why 50‐faceted Cu2O exhibiting quaternary {100}/{110}/{111}/{522} facet junction possesses an enhanced photodegradation activity toward tetracycline than that of the 26‐faceted Cu2O exhibiting ternary {100}/{110}/{111} and 18‐faceted Cu2O exhibiting binary {100}/{110} facet junction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and selective photodeposition results confirm that hierarchical facet junctions are formed in a 50‐faceted Cu2O, which could be regarded as one parallel connection between binary {110}/{111} and ternary {110}/{522}/{100} series facet junction for conduction band minimum, and another parallel connection between binary {100}/{522} and ternary {111}/{110}/{522} series facet junction for valence band maximum, leading to an unprecedented dual series‐parallel transfer pathway for more efficiently improved photocharge separation. Hopefully, this study would be a beneficial guideline for scientific researchers currently concentrating on the facet junction engineering of polyhedral photocatalysts.
Interface Modification Uncovers the Potential Application of SnO2/TiO2 Double Electron Transport Layer in Efficient Cadmium‐Free Sb2Se3 Devices
Authors: Wang Weihuang , Yao Liquan , Dong Jiabin , Wu Li , Cao Zixiu , Hui Li , Chen Guilin , Luo Jingshan , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2022

An undesirable p–n heterojunction interface of Sb2Se3 absorber with Cd‐free electron transport layer (ETL) is one of the key problems hindering the efficiency improvement of Sb2Se3 solar cell. Herein, a promising SnO2/TiO2 ETL coupled with SbCl3 treatment is introduced to improve the performance of Sb2Se3 solar cell. The mechanism of SbCl3 treatment on the crystal orientation of Sb2Se3 thin film and the p–n heterojunction interface of Sb2Se3 solar cell is disclosed combined with different characterization methods. The carrier transport property for Sb2Se3 thin film is enhanced, and the conduction band offset (CBO) of TiO2/Sb2Se3 interface is reduced from 0.57 to 0.20 eV by forming Sb2O3 interlayer at TiO2/Sb2Se3 interface after SbCl3 treatment, by which the interface recombination and the open circuit voltage deficit of the device can be effectively decreased, and the interface bonding at TiO2/Sb2Se3 interface can be effectively improved. Ultimately, the Cd‐free Sb2Se3 solar cell with configuration of ITO/SnO2/TiO2/Sb2Se3/Au achieves an efficiency of 5.82%, which is the highest efficiency in vapor transport deposition (VTD)‐processed Cd‐free Sb2Se3 solar cell at present. This work is expected to fill in the blank of VTD‐processed Cd‐free Sb2Se3 solar cell and offers a valuable reference for future band alignment of Sb2Se3 solar cell.
Heterostructured Ov‐Mn2O3@Cu2SnS3@SnS Composite as Battery‐Type Cathode Material for Extrinsic Self‐Charging Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Karuppaiah Murugesan , Sakthivel Perumal , Asaithambi Sankaiya , Sriram Balasubramanian , Ahamad Tansir , Alshehri Saad M. , Yuvakkumar Rathinam , Ravi Ganesan
Published: March 2022

In this work, self‐charging pouch‐type hybrid supercapacitor (HSCs) is fabricated by extrinsic integration of wind and solar energy power systems. Initially, the synthesized mesoporous 3D‐rhombohedral Mn2O3 shows a specific capacity of 37.61 mA h g−1 in KOH plus redox additives electrolyte. Further, the oxygen vacancy of Mn2O3 is tuned by fast‐reduction (FR) and mild‐reduction (MR) techniques. The rich oxygen vacancy of FR‐Mn2O3 (rich Ov‐Mn2O3) exhibits a specific capacity of 66.64 mA h g−1. On the other hand, the different morphologies of Cu2SnS3@SnS are synthesized by time‐dependent solvothermal technique. The 3D‐microsphere Cu2SnS3@SnS shows higher electrochemical performance than the others. In order to further improve the electrochemical performance, the heterostructure of rich Ov‐Mn2O3@Cu2SnS3@SnS composite is prepared that provides a maximum specific capacity of 126.07 mA h g−1 at 8 mA cm−2 and rate capability of 66.09% with retention of 93.89% after 10 000 cycles. This is ascribing to high electrical/ionic conductivity, larger faradaic reactions, lower interfacial resistance, and synergistic effect. Then, the fabricated pouch‐type HSC delivers a maximum specific energy density of 47.97 Wh kg−1 and power density of 5120 W kg−1. Finally, the pouch HSCs are employed for practical self‐charging applications.
Fabrication of Superamphiphobic Surfaces via Spray Coating; a Review
Authors: Abu Jarad Noor , Imran Hiba , Imani Sara M. , Didar Tohid F. , Soleymani Leyla
Published: March 2022

Superamphiphobic coatings that simultaneously repel both water and oil and are applicable to a wide range of surfaces are needed for use in self‐cleaning, anti‐icing, and antimicrobial coatings. Spray coating is a method that can be used to apply such coatings to a wide range of surfaces in a scalable and high throughput manner. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the materials architecture, synthesis, applications, and figures‐of‐merit of superamphiphobic surfaces that are deposited using spray coating. The design requirements of superamphiphobic surfaces—surface roughness and wettability, re‐entrant topographic features, and chemical composition—are initially introduced. Based on the material, different synthesis techniques are then discussed with a focus on metal oxides and metal oxide composites, polymers, emerging, and green materials. The areas of application of superamphiphobic coatings are also presented. Finally, the main hurdles in using such coatings in real‐life applications are discussed in depth, and emerging technologies for overcoming these challenges are presented.
Epitaxial Growth of 2D Ternary Copper–Indium–Selenide Nanoflakes for High‐Performance Near‐Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Gan Haibo , Hao Qiaoyan , Liu Jidong , Li Peng , Qi Dianyu , Liu Fei , Lei Ting , Zhang Wenjing
Published: March 2022

2D semiconductors are promising for future photodetectors because of their dangling‐bond‐free surface, atomic thickness, tunable bandgap, high mobility, and flexible nature. However, the low light absorption is one of the main limits for the practical applications of 2D materials. Lots of efforts have been taken to optimize the light absorption, for example, constructing heterojunctions and exploring more photo‐sensitive 2D materials. Here, the epitaxial growth of layered copper–indium–selenide (CIS) nanoflakes is realized by chemical vapor deposition. The CIS nanoflakes are identified as β‐CuIn5Se8 with size of tens of micrometers and thickness in the range of 3.8 to 45 nm. The CIS nanoflakes show n‐type behavior with field effect mobility of up to 30.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 and an on/off ratio of 109. In addition, the CIS nanoflakes are ultra‐sensitive in the visible and near‐infrared region (450–1240 nm). They exhibit high photoresponsivity (1.6 × 103 A W−1), high external quantum efficiency (2.2 × 105%), and high specific detectivity (5.3 × 1012 Jones) irradiated by a 900‐nm laser. These performances are competitive among the current 2D materials, suggesting that this type of CIS shows potential for future near‐infrared photodetector applications.
A Three‐Component Reaction to Construct β‐Aminonitroso‐α‐Diazocarbonyl Compounds under Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Chen Rongxiang , Lan Jihong , Li Feng , Wang Kai‐Kai , Xue Yinghui , Xu Canran , Liu Lantao
Published: March 2022

A procedure for the transition‐metal‐free three‐component reaction of 1,3,5‐triazines, diazo compounds and tert‐butyl nitrite has been described. This reaction goes through tandem nucleophilic attack to generate synthetically important β‐aminonitroso‐α‐diazocarbonyl compounds in moderate to good yields. This protocol is distinguished by the use of readily available starting materials, wide substrate scope and operational simplicity. Notably, a N−N bond and a C−C bond were formed simultaneously.

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Receptor Induced Doping of Conjugated Polymer Transistors: A Strategy for Selective and Ultrasensitive Phosphate Detection in Complex Aqueous Environments
Authors: Benasco Anthony R. , Tropp Joshua , Kaphle Vikash , Chen Yusheng , Zhao Wei , Eedugurala Naresh , Ng Tse Nga , Flood Amar H. , Azoulay Jason D.
Published: March 2022

Phosphate oxyanions play central roles in biological, agricultural, industrial, and ecological processes. Their high hydration energies and dynamic properties present a number of critical challenges limiting the development of sensing technologies that are cost‐effective, selective, sensitive, field‐deployable, and which operate in real‐time within complex aqueous environments. Here, a strategy that enables the fabrication of an electrolyte‐gated organic field‐effect transistor (EGOFET) is demonstrated, which overcomes these challenges and enables sensitive phosphate quantification in challenging aqueous environments such as seawater. The device channel comprises a composite layer incorporating a diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based semiconducting polymer and a π‐conjugated penta‐t‐butylpentacyanopentabenzo[25]annulene “cyanostar” receptor capable of oxyanion recognition and embodies a new concept, where the receptor synergistically enhances the stability and transport characteristics via doping. Upon exposure of the device to phosphate, a current reduction is observed, consistent with dedoping upon analyte binding. Sensing studies demonstrate ultrasensitive and selective phosphate detection within remarkably low limits of detection of 178 × 10−12 m (17.3 parts per trillion) in buffered samples and stable operation in seawater. This receptor‐based doping strategy, in conjunction with the versatility of EGOFETs for miniaturization and monolithic integration, enables manifold opportunities in diagnostics, healthcare, and environmental monitoring.
Anthracene‐Bridged Sensitizers for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells with 37% Efficiency under Dim Light
Authors: Chen Ching‐Chin , Nguyen Vinh Son , Chiu Hsiao‐Chi , Chen Yan‐Da , Wei Tzu‐Chien , Yeh Chen‐Yu
Published: March 2022

New anthracene‐bridged organic dyes CXC12 and CXC22 are designed and synthesized for high‐efficiency dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) under dim light. Compared to their parent dye TY6, CXC dyes have additional anthracene‐acetylene group to extend the π‐conjugation of the molecules, resulting in red‐shifted absorption and an enhanced molar extinction coefficient. The absorption spectra of CXC12 and CXC22 with a maximum located at 561 and 487 nm, respectively, match to those of AM 1.5G sunlight and T5 fluorescent light better than that of TY6 (419 nm). It was initially anticipated that long alkoxyl chains introduced to the 2,6‐position of the bridged anthracenyl in CXC12 will retard charge recombination and dye molecular aggregation, and achieve a higher device open‐circuit voltage. However, adsorption of CXC12 molecules on the photoanode dramatically decrease to less than half as compared to that of CXC22 and TY6, resulting in lower short‐circuit current and thus power conversion efficiency. Among these three anthracene‐based dyes, CXC22 has the most appropriate molecular structure for light harvesting and striking the balance between dye loading and molecular aggregation, to exhibit a remarkable power conversion efficiency as high as 37.07% under dim‐light. Therefore, this work shows the potential of anthracene‐bridged organic dyes for indoor photovoltaic applications.
Aging into Medicare among a senior food pantry population: An assessment of food pantry visit patterns and food security over time
Authors: Martinez‐Miller Erline E. , Leonard Tammy , Pruitt Sandi L.
Published: March 2022

We examined the association of Medicare eligibility with seeking charitable food assistance and food security status among low‐income senior clients (≥60 years) of a food pantry in Dallas, Texas. We used sharp regression discontinuity to examine the impact of aging into Medicare on food pantry visit patterns among nondisabled senior households, and log‐binomial regression to assess the association between Medicare‐eligible visits and food security status. Medicare eligibility was associated with more food pantry visits and improved food security. Medicare eligibility may improve food security among seniors, potentially attributable to increased food pantry use after aging into Medicare.
Research gaps and needs for preventing worker fatigue in the transportation and utilities industries
Authors: Sieber W. Karl , Chen Guang X. , Krueger Gerald P. , Lincoln Jennifer E. , Menéndez Cammie C. , O'Connor Mary B.
Published: March 2022

Background

The transportation and utilities industries include establishments engaged in the movement of passengers and freight, or the provision of public power, water, and other services. Along with the warehousing industry, they make up the US National Occupational Research Agenda's Transportation, Warehousing and Utilities (TWU) industry sector. In 2018 the sector composed 5% of the US workforce, with approximately 8 million workers. TWU workers experienced 19% of all fatalities among U.S. workers in 2018 and 7% of total occupational injuries and illnesses.

Methods

Around‐the‐clock operations, heavy workloads, long and irregular shifts, complicated schedules, and time pressures characterize work across the US TWU sector. However, there are considerable differences in worker priorities and concerns between TWU industries. Major areas of concern within the sector include disparities in work schedules; required training for employee fatigue awareness and prevention; physical and mental job demands; and safety culture.

Results

Strategies for fatigue mitigation are critical to reduce the prevalence of injuries, safety‐critical events, and crashes in TWU workers. Further research on the incidence and characterization of fatigue among TWU workers will guide the development of effective mitigation strategies. The influence of work scheduling on missed sleep opportunities and disrupted circadian rhythms should be determined. Evaluation of fatigue mitigation strategies can lead to the adoption of the most effective ones for each TWU industry.

Conclusion

Implementation of effective strategies is critical for the health, safety, wellbeing, and productivity of workers in the TWU sector.