bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Herbal Medicinal Nanoformulations for Psoriasis Treatment: Current State of Knowledge and Future Directions
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Gupta Neha , Garg Nitika , Dhankhar Sanchit , Chauhan Samrat , Beniwal Suresh , Saini Deepak
Published: January 2024

Background:

Psoriasis is a persistent immune system disorder that influences the skin, leading to red, flaky patches that can be painful and irritated.

Objective:

Traditional treatments for psoriasis, such as topical creams and oral medications, may be effective but also have potential side effects. Herbal remedies have been used for centuries to treat skin conditions, and advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of herbal nanoformulations that offer several advantages over traditional herbal remedies, such as efficacy, safety, and targeted delivery.

Methods:

The studies and reviews published under the title were looked up in several databases (including PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Scholar).

Results:

Several herbal nanoformulations, including those containing curcumin, aloe vera, and neem, have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory impacts, which will be useful within the treatment of psoriasis. However, more study is required to decide the efficacy and safety of these details, as well as the optimal dosing, duration of treatment, and potential side effects.

Conclusion:

Overall, herbal nanoformulations represent a promising area of research for the treatment of psoriasis, and may offer a safe and effective alternative or adjunct therapy to conventional treatments. This review article summarizes the present state of information for the herbal nanoformulations role in the treatment of psoriasis and their future perspectives.
Antimicrobial Stewardship: Smart Approach to Combat Antibiotic
Resistance
Authors: Dikkatwar Manoj S. , Chand Sharad , Varghese Treesa P. , Shandily Shrishti , Biswas Jeetu , Roy Supriya , Vaghasiya Jitendra , Singh Rakesh K.
Published: January 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health concern worldwide. It raises morbidity and mortality and is connected with substantial/significant economic costs. Effective prevention and treatment of an increasing number of diseases caused by pathogens that can no longer be treated with conventional drugs are threatened by antimicrobial re-sistance. AMS programme helps to encourage the appropriate use of antimicrobials. The rise and spread of antibiotic resistance and strategies to combat it are the main topics of this review. Antimicrobial stewardship programme is a healthcare strategy that optimizes the use of anti-biotics and promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials through the adoption of evidence-based interventions. AMS programme helps to encourage the right use of antimicrobials. This coordinated approach enhances patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and slows the spread of diseases brought on by multidrug-resistant organisms. The growth of antibiotic re-sistance and the strategies for battling it have been the main topics of this review.
Phytochemicals in the Treatment of Tuberculosis: A Review
Authors: Paliwal Deepika , Sharma Neeraj , Sil Debiyan , Maude Hafsat
Published: January 2024

One of the most common infectious diseases in the world is tuberculosis (TB), which
is spread via the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Many people throughout the world have
stopped using anti-TB medications because of concerns related to multidrug resistance and their
effects on the liver. To treat M. tuberculosis and combat antimycobacterial resistance, it is vital
to find new medications with distinctive structures and rare modes of action. Many scientists
have discussed the usefulness of plants in the treatment of tuberculosis caused by phytochemical
exposure. A large number of chemical structures are present in naturally occurring compounds,
which exhibit a wide range of in vitro efficacy against M. tuberculosis. To investigate possible
adjuvants for tuberculosis chemotherapy, the current study has provided a mini-review on phytochemicals
evaluated for their antimycobacterial properties during the last few decades.
Ink Analysis for Forensic Investigations: An Integrated Approach Incorporating Physico-chemical Techniques and Image Processing
Authors: Kesarwani Sonali , Saran Vaibhav , Mishra Munish , Tripathy Divya Bajpai , Kumar Suneet
Published: January 2024

Background:

Criminal actions using falsified papers are on the rise. Any
changes to the document's content are usually made with ballpoint and gel pens. All
changes made to a document using a pen necessitate ink analysis. Thus, a quick and
accurate ink analysis process must be created to cope with the challenges associated
with counterfeiting.

Aim:

This study aims to analyze several brands of ballpoint and gel pen inks using
physicochemical and computational techniques and provide a database of the results.

Methods:

A total of 24 pen samples from various brands were colour-tested first, followed
by an optical test using ImageJ software. The composition of each ink sample
was distinguished using the non-destructive method ATR-FTIR, followed by a destructive
technique TLC. Lastly, a computational technique algorithm was applied for
rapid and desirable results.

Results:

The results distinguished each brand based on RGB measures and mean values.
The differentiation of each sample using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was challenging
due to similar structural characteristics. However, TLC (destructive) was used
with several solvent systems. Ballpoint pen inks separated well in all solvent systems,
with the greatest results achieved in solvent systems 2 and solvent system 4. The TLC
spots were identical, but when evaluated digitally using MATLAB, substantial
changes were visible, which were utilized to differentiate similar colour inks from
various brands.

Conclusion:

The chemical approaches, in conjunction with the computational techniques,
offered a rapid and sophisticated method that allowed for better distinction of
the inks and provided more accuracy in substantially less time than typical methods
employed in forensic laboratories.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРЕБІГУ НОВОЇ КОРОНАВІРУСНОЇ ХВОРОБИ-2019 У ВАГІТНИХ З ГІДРОНЕФРОЗОМ: ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СЕРІЇ ВИПАДКІВ
Authors: Х. М. Ільницька  , О. Я. Царук  , І. С. Головчак  , О. Г. Бойчук  , Мацькевич Вікторія , Т. Л. Ленчук
Published: January 2024

Сечовидільна система є мішенню для вірусу SARS-CoV-2 поруч з легеневою та серцево-судинною. Враховуючи поширеність фізіологічного гідронефрозу у вагітних та поширеність COVID-19, важливим є вивчення впливу поєднання обох нозологічних форм на організм вагітної, особливо, якщо виникнення цих станів відбулось саме під час вагітності. Тому презентація серії таких випадків є доповнюючою для бази наукових досліджень, враховуючи, що організм жінки піддається впливу як гормональних і функціонально-конституційних змін самого стану вагітності, так і додатково чинників фізіологічного гідронефрозу і гострого карантинного інфекційного захворювання. Обстежено 9 вагітних, у терміні вагітності з 28 по 36 тиждень, віком від 21 до 42 років з фізіологічним гідронефрозом вагітних та COVID-19. У 3 пацієнток (33.3%) фізіологічний гідронефроз був двосторонній, а у 6 (66.7%) тільки правосторонній. Відзначалось помірне поширення порожнистої системи нирок, що відповідало І стадії гідронефрозу у 3 пацієнток (33.3%) та ІІ стадії гідронефрозу у 6 пацієнток (66.7%). У 5 (55.6%) пацієнток з пневмонією під час ультразвукового дослідження легень виявлено інфільтрацію легеневої тканини, плевральні синуси були вільні. Анемія, що ускладнює вагітність, гострий трахеобронхіт та безсимптомна бактеріурія були у 4 пацієнток (44.4%). Висновки. Пацієнткам у третьому триместрі вагітності при гострому інфекційному процесі слід проводити ретельне обстеження нирок, яке б включало лабораторні методи діагностики та сонографічний контроль. Диференційної діагностики потребує фізіологічний гідронефроз нирки вагітної, при COVID-19 для вчасного попередження розвитку, як пієлонефриту внаслідок бактеріальної ко-інфекції, так і гострого пошкодження нирок внаслідок дії вірусу SARS-CoV-2.

     Ключові слова: вагітність, гідронефроз, ультразвукове дослідження, коронавірусна хвороба-19, вірус SARS-CoV-2.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ОЖИРІННЯ В ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТІ
Authors: Тромбола Олег
Published: January 2024

Для реалізації поставленої мети було відібрано 135 білих безпородних статевозрілих щурів, з яких сліпим методом було сформовано 2 групи: контрольна (n=15, тварини утримувались на збалансованій дієті) та експериментальна (n=120). Для моделювання ожиріння обрано модель, яка передбачала заміну питної води 60% розчином фруктози в поєднанні із збалансованою дієтою впродовж 8-ми тижнів. При аналізі експериментальної групи на початку моделювання, вага піддослідної тварини складала 132,72±2,45 гр., а після 8 тижнів моделювання - 171,5±10,5 гр, що майже не відрізняється від показників контрольної групи. Індекс маси тіла після 8 тижнів дорівнював 0,49±0,03 гр/см2, індекс Лі - 297,97±11,05 г/см. Критерієм наявності ожиріння в щурів є значення індексу Лі вище 310 г/см, а в результаті проведеного експерименту було отримано дані на рівні 297,97±11,05 г/см, що не дозволило констатувати наявне ожиріння в піддослідних тварин. Було прийняте рішення провести другий етап моделювання  шляхом введення в раціон насичених жирів у вигляді свинячого сала в об’ємі 45% від твердих кормів терміном на 8 тижнів. В результаті проведення корекції харчування, середня вага піддослідної тварини на 12 тиждень від початку експерименту зросла до 200,01±19,69 гр, а на 16 тиждень - до 227,62±30,95 гр.; індекс маси тіла на 12 тиждень експерименту складав 0,57±0,04 гр/см2, а на 16 тиждень - 0,65±0,05 гр/см2; індекс Лі на 12 тиждень дорівнював 313,39±10,06 г/см, а на 16 тиждень – 326,85±10,17 г/см.

Моделювання ожиріння шляхом введення в раціон піддослідних тварин насичених жирів у вигляді свинячого сала в об’ємі 45% від твердих кормів та заміни питної води 60% розчином фруктози терміном на 8 тижнів дозволяють викликати ожиріння в 100% піддослідних тварин, оскільки індекс маси тіла складає 0,65±0,05 гр/см2, індекс Лі дорівнює 326,85±10,17 г/см. За підсумками дослідження, для отримання позитивного результату моделювання ожиріння критично важливо правильно обирати хімічну структуру вуглеводного компонента, його кількість і спосіб додавання до дієти та співвідношення із насиченими жирами.
Digital Care Pathway for Patients With Sleep Apnea in Specialized Care: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Haverinen Jari , Harju Terttu , Mikkonen Hanna , Liljamo Pia , Turpeinen Miia , Reponen Jarmo
Published: January 2024

Background

Sleep apnea is a significant public health disorder in Finland, with a prevalence of 3.7%. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the first-line treatment for moderate or severe sleep apnea. From November 18, 2019, all patients who started their CPAP therapy at Oulu University Hospital were attached to a sleep apnea digital care pathway (SA-DCP) and were instructed on its use. Some patients still did not use the SA-DCP although they had started their CPAP therapy.

Objective

We aimed to study health care professionals’ (HCPs’) perspectives on the SA-DCP and its usefulness for their work; whether the main targets of SA-DCP can be reached: shortening the initial guiding sessions of CPAP therapy, reducing patient calls and contact with HCPs, and improving patients’ adherence to CPAP therapy; and patients’ perspectives on the SA-DCP and its usefulness to them.

Methods

Overall, 6 HCPs were interviewed in May and June 2021. The survey for SA-DCP users (58/91, 64%) and SA-DCP nonusers (33/91, 36%) was conducted in 2 phases: from May to August 2021 and January to June 2022. CPAP device remote monitoring data were collected from SA-DCP users (80/170, 47.1%) and SA-DCP nonusers (90/170, 52.9%) in May 2021. The registered phone call data were collected during 2019, 2020, and 2021. Feedback on the SA-DCP was collected from 446 patients between February and March 2022.

Results

According to HCPs, introducing the SA-DCP had not yet significantly improved their workload and work practices, but it had brought more flexibility in some communication situations. A larger proportion of SA-DCP users familiarized themselves with prior information about CPAP therapy before the initial guiding session than nonusers (43/58, 74% vs 16/33, 49%; P=.02). Some patients still had not received prior information about CPAP therapy; therefore, most of the sessions were carried out according to their needs. According to the patient survey and remote monitoring data of CPAP devices, adherence to CPAP therapy was high for both SA-DCP users and nonusers. The number of patients’ phone calls to HCPs did not decrease during the study. SA-DCP users perceived their abilities to use information and communications technology to be better than nonusers (mean 4.2, SD 0.8 vs mean 3.2, SD 1.2; P<.001).

Conclusions

According to this study, not all the goals set for the introduction of the SA-DCP have been achieved. Despite using the SA-DCP, some patients still wanted to communicate with HCPs by phone. The most significant factors explaining the nonuse of the SA-DCP were lower digital literacy and older age of the patients. In the future, more attention should be paid to these user groups when designing and introducing upcoming digital care pathways.
Psychometric Assessment of an Item Bank for Adaptive Testing on Patient-Reported Experience of Care Environment for Severe Mental Illness: Validation Study
Authors: Fernandes Sara , Brousse Yann , Zendjidjian Xavier , Cano Delphine , Riedberger Jérémie , Llorca Pierre-Michel , Samalin Ludovic , Dassa Daniel , Trichard Christian , Laprevote Vincent , Sauvaget Anne , Abbar Mocrane , Misdrahi David , Berna Fabrice , Lancon Christophe , Coulon Nathalie , El-Hage Wissam , Rozier Pierre-Emmanuel , Benoit Michel , Giordana Bruno , Caqueo-Urízar Alejandra , Yon Dong Keon , Tran Bach , Auquier Pascal , Fond Guillaume , Boyer Laurent
Published: January 2024

Background

The care environment significantly influences the experiences of patients with severe mental illness and the quality of their care. While a welcoming and stimulating environment enhances patient satisfaction and health outcomes, psychiatric facilities often prioritize staff workflow over patient needs. Addressing these challenges is crucial to improving patient experiences and outcomes in mental health care.

Objective

This study is part of the Patient-Reported Experience Measure for Improving Quality of Care in Mental Health (PREMIUM) project and aims to establish an item bank (PREMIUM-CE) and to develop computerized adaptive tests (CATs) to measure the experience of the care environment of adult patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder.

Methods

We performed psychometric analyses including assessments of item response theory (IRT) model assumptions, IRT model fit, differential item functioning (DIF), item bank validity, and CAT simulations.

Results

In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 498 patients were recruited from outpatient and inpatient settings. The final PREMIUM-CE 13-item bank was sufficiently unidimensional (root mean square error of approximation=0.082, 95% CI 0.067-0.097; comparative fit index=0.974; Tucker-Lewis index=0.968) and showed an adequate fit to the IRT model (infit mean square statistic ranging between 0.7 and 1.0). DIF analysis revealed no item biases according to gender, health care settings, diagnosis, or mode of study participation. PREMIUM-CE scores correlated strongly with satisfaction measures (r=0.69-0.78; P<.001) and weakly with quality-of-life measures (r=0.11-0.21; P<.001). CAT simulations showed a strong correlation (r=0.98) between CAT scores and those of the full item bank, and around 79.5% (396/498) of the participants obtained a reliable score with the administration of an average of 7 items.

Conclusions

The PREMIUM-CE item bank and its CAT version have shown excellent psychometric properties, making them reliable measures for evaluating the patient experience of the care environment among adults with severe mental illness in both outpatient and inpatient settings. These measures are a valuable addition to the existing landscape of patient experience assessment, capturing what truly matters to patients and enhancing the understanding of their care experiences.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02491866; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02491866
Effect of Flavored on! Nicotine Pouch Products on Smoking Behaviors: Protocol for a Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Cheng Hui G , Rose Jed E , Karelitz Joshua L , Botts David R , Botts Tanaia L , Willette Perry N , Cohen Gal
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. For adults who smoke cigarettes and cannot or will not quit smoking, smoke-free products, such as nicotine pouches, have been recognized as a potential alternative to smoking combusted cigarettes to reduce harm due to cigarette smoking. The role of flavors in these smoke-free products in tobacco harm reduction has not been fully understood.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates the effect of flavors in on! nicotine pouch products (research products) in the reduction of cigarette smoking among adults who smoke cigarettes in their natural environment.

METHODS

This study uses a sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial design. Approximately 400 eligible adults who smoke cigarettes will be enrolled and randomized to have access to either the Original (unflavored) on! nicotine pouch product only or a complete flavor profile (ie, Berry, Cinnamon, Citrus, Coffee, Mint, Original, and Wintergreen) of on! nicotine pouch products. After 3 weeks, participants in the Original-only arm will be randomized again, with half remaining in the Original-only arm and half having access to the complete flavor profile for another 3 weeks. Primary outcomes are expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) levels. Secondary outcomes are self-reported cigarette consumption and CO-verified cigarette abstinence.

RESULTS

Recruitment and data collection started in September 2023 and is projected to last until March 2025. We anticipate completing the data analysis in 2025. As of May 2024, we have enrolled 314 participants.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will provide empirical evidence about the effect that flavor availability in smoke-free products may have in reducing cigarette smoking.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06072547; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06072547

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/56565
Bamboo-Enhanced Concrete
Authors: Awate Neha , Vaidya Dr. M.R.
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This study presents the assessment of the viability of the use of Bamboo as a reinforcement substance. Here Bamboo was used as a strengthened substance. Nowadays concrete is used as the fundamental substance for a building project. Concrete is good in compression but fragile in tensile strength. So, steel is used as reinforcement in the concrete to achieve tensile potency. Problems experienced with the use of steel are high in cost, erosion, etc. The primary challenge hindering the utilization of bamboo as reinforcement is the insufficient knowledge regarding its impact on the strength and durability of concrete
Fiber Optics Communication: Evolution of Guided Media
Authors: Varshney Aarti , Goyal Vishal
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Fiber Optic Communication system is a key element in modern day telecommunication network used all around the globe. Larger bandwidth signal transmission where data received with lowest possible delay serves as a big edge to both, the telecommunication industry and consumer. Recently, optical fiber communication technology has made great progress, where constantly exploring new technologies has greatly enhanced communications capabilities in the traditional sense. This paper gives an overview of fiber optic communication systems including their key technologies, and also discusses their technological trend towards the next generation. The recent developments in the area of fiber optic communication as well as the advances in different Fiber types, their properties, optical sources, detectors, system limitations and applications are also discussed in the paper.
The Effect of Political Repression on Collective Violence
Authors: Tripathi Ashutosh
Published: January 2024

The impact of political repression on instances of collective violence in regions likeAfrica, Russia, and Myanmar is a complex and significant area of study that examines how repressive measures taken by governments can contribute to the emergence and escalation of collective violence within these regions1 . This phenomenon underscores the intricate interplay between political, social, andeconomic factors that can give rise to violent responses from marginalized or dissenting groups. In Africa, political repression can manifest through authoritarian regimes, lack of political freedoms, and human rights abuses2 . These conditions often lead to frustration and discontent among the population, potentially resulting in collectiveviolence such as protests, riots, or even insurgencies. Repression may stifle legitimate avenues for dissent, compelling aggrieved groups to resort to violent means to make their grievances heard.
Menggali Kearifan Rasulullah: Landasan Moderasi Beragama dalam Menyelesaikan Konflik
Authors: Shintya Melfa
Published: January 2024

Unity and cohesion serve as the fundamental pillars for the sustainability and progress of a nation, particularly in the diverse religious landscape of Indonesia. Confronting the complexity of a society with diverse beliefs, religious moderation becomes crucial in maintaining peace and stability. This paper delves into the significance of religious moderation as a foundation for preserving balance between plurality and harmony within a diverse society. The study employs a literature analysis approach, revealing that by referencing the methods employed by Prophet Muhammad in resolving religious conflicts of his time, this research identifies principles of religious moderation adaptable to the current context of Indonesian society. Key steps such as identifying involved parties, facilitating open dialogue, and emphasizing shared values are pivotal in achieving solutions acceptable to all. Drawing wisdom from Prophet Muhammad's approach to religious conflicts, the study concludes that an approach emphasizing equality, respect, and gentle communication serves as valuable guidance in resolving interfaith conflicts.

ABSTRAK

Persatuan dan kesatuan merupakan fondasi utama bagi keberlanjutan dan kemajuan suatu bangsa, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia yang kaya akan keberagaman agama. Dalam menghadapi kompleksitas masyarakat yang berbeda keyakinan, moderasi beragama menjadi krusial untuk menjaga kedamaian dan stabilitas. Tulisan ini membahas pentingnya moderasi beragama sebagai landasan untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara pluralitas dan harmoni dalam masyarakat yang beragam. Kajian ini menggunakan analisis kepustakaan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan mengacu pada metode yang diterapkan oleh Rasulullah dalam menyelesaikan konflik agama pada zamannya, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi prinsip-prinsip moderasi beragama yang dapat diadaptasi dalam konteks kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia saat ini. Langkah-langkah seperti identifikasi pihak-pihak terlibat, fasilitasi dialog terbuka, dan penekanan pada nilai bersama menjadi kunci dalam mencapai solusi yang dapat diterima oleh semua pihak. Dengan menggali hikmah dari cara Nabi Muhammad menangani konflik agama, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan yang menekankan kesetaraan, penghargaan, dan komunikasi yang lembut dapat menjadi pedoman berharga dalam menyelesaikan konflik antar agama.
A Multi-stage inversion framework for dynamic fracture characterization and long-term thermal performance prediction in an Enhanced Geothermal System
Authors: Zhang Kun , Wu Hui
Published: January 2024

Fractures play important roles in fluid and heat flow during heat
extraction from an enhanced geothermal system (EGS). Quantifying the
associated uncertainties in fractures is critical for predicting
long-term thermal performance of EGSs. Considerable advancements have
been made regarding the inversion of fracture characteristics such as
aperture distribution. However, most previous studies assumed a constant
fracture aperture to simplify the inversion, while both experimental and
numerical results indicated significant variations in fracture aperture
due to complex thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled processes during
heat extraction. This study introduces a multi-stage inversion framework
that integrates the Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation
(ES-MDA) with a THM coupled model to capture the dynamic evolution of
fracture aperture. The framework executes multiple aperture inversions
at different times during EGS operation. In each inversion stage, we use
ES-MDA to invert for fracture aperture by assimilating tracer data, and
then perform THM modeling to analyze fracture aperture evolution under
coupled THM processes and predict thermal performance. We propose a
principle to assure a smooth transition between two consecutive
inversion stages, that the posterior aperture fields obtained in an
inversion stage are used as the prior aperture fields for the following
stage, and the temperature field simulated in the previous inversion
stage serves as the initial temperature field for the following stage.
Application of the framework to a synthetic field-scale EGS model
demonstrates its efficacy in capturing the dynamic evolution of fracture
aperture, resulting in more accurate thermal predictions compared with
previous inversion methods assuming constant fracture aperture.
The Application of Systems Thinking System Dynamics (ST/SD) Tool to Analyse Oil and Gas Operations Environmental Sustainability Issues in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors:   Sustainable Energy and Allied Disciplines Glasgow Caledonian University, London, James Rasaki T. , Olaniyi Titus K. , Posi Olatubosun
Published: January 2024

This study focused on the application of the Systems Thinking System Dynamics (ST/SD) tool to analyse oil and gas environmental sustainability issues in the Niger Delta region (NDR) in Nigeria. Over the years, countries around the world have relied on oil and gas for energy security, economic growth, self-sufficiency and to gain geopolitical advantages. The exploration and production of oil and gas continue to be a priority in producer countries of the Global South with regulations being implemented to enhance the sustainability of the industry. In 2018, before the pandemic, global energy production was 14 421 Mtoe, an increase of 3.2% compared to 2017; mainly driven by coal, oil and gas. In total, fossil fuels accounted for up to 85% of global energy production the same year. Thus, despite the global sensitisation towards renewable energy, oil and gas continue to play a key role in shaping world economies. Globally, producing countries and oil and gas companies face the increasing demand to explain how they can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the achievement of Paris Agreement goals. This has necessitated energy companies to carefully consider adapting their operations and business models to reduce the impacts on the environment. The study adopted Rentier State, Resource Curse and Stakeholder theories. This study adopted a qualitative approach, data was collected from secondary sources and analysed. To fully understand the issues in the NDR, the study employed the Systems Thinking System Dynamics (ST/SD) methodological tool to uncover the operational practices associated with oil and gas operations in the NDR. It is a holistic approach with elements of feedbacks and delays which enhance the understanding of a complex situation such as the NDR in Nigeria. Keywords: Environmental Sustainability, Oil and Gas Operations, Systems Thinking System Dynamics (ST/SD), Niger Delta Region (Nigeria). Proceedings Citation Format Rasaki T. James, Titus K. Olaniyi & Posi Olatubosun (2023): The Application of Systems Thinking System Dynamics (ST/SD) Tool to Analyse Oil and Gas Operations Environmental Sustainability Issues in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 1-16. .dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023V2P1
Technical Efficiency in Yam Production Among Small Scale Farmers in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
Authors: Idisi Park Odojoma , Musa Shehu , Maduekwe Innocent Maduabuchukwu , Ogunrinde Happiness , Atteh Paul Akinwumi , Emmanuel Augustine Uke , Simpa Ondeku James
Published: January 2024

This research work examined the economics of yam production among smallholder farmers in Gwagwalada and Kwali Area Council of Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The specific objectives include to: estimate the profitability of yam production and examine technical efficiency in yam production. Multistage sampling was used for this study. Data was analyzed with descriptive Statistics, Stochastic Frontier Production Function, Gross Margin Analysis and Principal Components Analysis. The results showed that, (86.2%) of the respondents were males with average age of 40 years and 17 years farming experience. Also 43.27% of the sampled yam farmers had no formal education with average household size of 6 persons, and also (64.1%) were not members of any farmers association. Also 47.44% of the sampled farmers sourced their capital through personal savings. Whereas, 90.06% of the farmers had access to extension services with average farm size of 2ha. The result of costs and returns reveals that the cost of labour was N 98, 865.74/ha which carried the highest proportion of the total variable cost (TVC). The TVC incurred by the yam farmers was N 202, 544.82/ha and the total revenue obtained was N 410, 879.80/ha with the gross margin of N 208, 334.98 which indicates that yam production was a profitable enterprise in the study area. The factors that influence the total output were farm size (P<0.05), Agro chemical (P<0.01). The factors influencing technical efficiency were educational level of farmers (P<0.05), access to credit facilities (P<0.05), extension contact (P<0.05), farming experience (P<0.05), household size (P<0.05) and cooperative membership of (P<0.05). The mean technical efficiency was 51.1%. Yam farmers encountered the following constraints; high cost of transportation, inputs, seed material, inadequate finances and lack of storage facilities. The following recommendations were made: since yam production is a profitable enterprise it should be encouraged to increase their scale of production to earn more profit that could improve their welfare and livelihood. Farm input such as agro-chemical, improved seed varieties should be provided to yam farmers at subsidized rate and timely by government or non-governmental agencies. Keywords: Technical Efficiency, Yam Farmers, Yam Production, Farm Management Key words: Source Documents, Credibility, Financial Reports, Accounting Circle Journal Reference Format: Idisi, P.O., Musa, S., Maduekwe, I.M., Ogunrinde, H., Atteh, A.P., Emmanuel, A.I. & Simpa, O.J. (2023): Technical Efficiency in Yam Production Among Small Scale Farmers in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Humanities, Management, Arts, Education & the Social Sciences Journal. Vol. 12. No. 1, Pp 29-48. www.isteams.net/humanitiesjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/HUMANITIES/V12N4P3
Characteristics of Charity Cleft Patients in Haulussy General Hospital 2017-2019
Authors: Lilihata Jilvientasia Godive , Irene Jade , Kreshanti Prasetyanugraheni , Van der Meulen Jacques J.N.M , Anggraeni Margareth Ingrid
Published: January 2024

Cleft lip and palate is a common congenital disorder with an incidence of 1 per 300 live births of Asian descent. There is a lack of cleft epidemiological data due to the absence of plastic surgeons, patients were referred to other provinces or enlisted to charity programs. This paper aims to evaluate the characteristics of our cleft patients at Haulussy General Hospital, Ambon, Maluku  from 2017 – 2019. This is a retrospective study of 69 patients treated at Haulussy General Hospital, Ambon, Maluku, charity program from 2017 – 2019. Age, gender, diagnosis, procedure, and nutritional status were collected. 52% of patients are male with a median age of 4 years (range: 3 months – 34 years). The most common diagnosis was complete cleft palate (n=19), and the rarest was microform cleft lip (n=1). Complete cleft lip is more common in males, while isolated cleft palate is more common in females. The median age for primary lip repair, lip revision, and primary palate repair/revision was 1 year, 4.5 years, and 8 years, consecutively. Among 32 patients assessed for nutritional status, 22% were malnourished (19% were underweight, and 3% were severely underweight). Lip repair was done in 28 patients, palate repair in 36 patients, and lip or palate revision in 16 patients. The main techniques used were Lazy S and von Langenbeck.This retrospective study at Haulussy General Hospital from 2017 to 2019 highlights predominant cleft cases and malnutrition among patients. The findings emphasize the importance of tailored interventions and comprehensive care for individuals with cleft lip and/or palate.
Hubungan Terapi Anti-Koagulan dan Status Gizi pada Pasien COVID-19 Derajat Sedang-Berat dengan Mortalitas di Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras, 2021
Authors: Pandapotan Roy Akur , Gunawan Burhan , Andrean Jody , Titus Johana
Published: January 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adalah patogen dengan target utama sistem pernapasan dan berhubungan dengan gangguan hiperkoagulasi. Pencegahan insidens trombosis pada pasien COVID-19 dengan obesitas menjadi masalah yang berkaitan dengan efektivitas dan variasi dosis antikoagulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan jenis terapi antikoagulan pada pasien COVID-19 derajat sedang-berat yang mengalami status gizi normal dan obesitas dengan mortalitas. Penelitian menggunakan desain retrospektif cross-sectional di Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras, Jakarta Barat pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2021 pada pasien COVID-19 gejala sedang-berat yang diberikan antikoagulan (unfractioned heparin atau fondaparinux/UFH). Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Jumlah subjek yang dianalisis 152 pasien dengan status gizi terbanyak adalah obesitas 1 (38,82%). Rerata D-dimer subjek obesitas lebih tinggi dari kelompok status gizi normal (2040,61 vs 1955,79 mg/dL). Jumlah subjek yang mendapat heparin dan meninggal adalah 27,3% pada kelompok gizi normal dan 11,1% pada kelompok  obesitas. Pada subjek yang mendapat fondaparinuks dan meninggal adalah 31,3% pada kelompok gizi normal dan 15,7% pada kelompok obesitas Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat mortalitas dengan status gizi pada subjek yang mendapat heparin (p=0,08, OR=0,33) maupun fondaparinuks (p=0,17; OR=0,41). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat mortalitas dengan kondisi obesitas yang mendapat heparin maupun fondaparinuks. Antikoagulan menjadi salah satu manajemen penting untuk penderita COVID-19 dengan obesitas.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Associated Liver Injury and Disease Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nainggolan Leonard , Lie Khie Chen , Harianja Gerald Abraham
Published: January 2024

Recent data on the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak has begun to shine light on the impact of the disease on the liver. However, data regarding Covid-19-associated liver injury remains limited. We analyzed whether there was a significant difference in liver injury in patients with different disease severity. A cross-sectional study was conducted for confirmed Covid-19 cases in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital from April 2020 until March 2021. Patients were divided based on disease severity: mild-to-moderate and severe Covid-19. Patients with existing chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, fatty liver, or liver malignancies were excluded. Data on liver transaminase, prothrombin time, albumin, and bilirubin levels upon admission were analyzed for both groups. A total of 100 patients were included, consisting of 50 patients with mild-to-moderate cases and 50 patients with severe cases. Both alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels elevation were predominantly found in the severe group (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). We also found lower albumin levels in the severe group (p<0.001), but no significant difference in bilirubin level (p=0.568) and prothrombin time (p=0.253) was noted among the two groups. Liver injury is more common in severe than mild-to-moderate Covid-19 cases. This should be a consideration by physicians to handle the patients comprehensively.
Las incubadoras de negocios universitarias: el caso de la incubadora de negocios de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Authors: Chávez Moreno Edgar Armando
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo de investigación de tipo cualitativo y documental muestra los principales hallazgos sobre la importancia que tienen las incubadoras de negocios universitarias (INU) en el fortalecimiento de las competencias emprendedoras. Este trabajo surgió a partir de una revisión bibliográfica derivada del proyecto de investigación titulado Las competencias emprendedoras en estudiantes universitarios, registrado en el departamento de investigación y posgrado de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) durante los ciclos 2022-1 y 2022-2. Entre los hallazgos encontrados, se destaca la importancia de contar con incubadoras de negocios en las universidades que fomenten e incrementen la participación de los estudiantes en emprendimientos que detonen en mejorar las economías locales, según la opinión de diferentes autores, y se documenta el proceso de la incubadora de negocios cimarrones emprendedores (ICEU) de la UABC. Las conclusiones confirman que la implementación de INU contribuye al crecimiento económico y ayuda a fortalecer las competencias emprendedoras en los estudiantes universitarios.
“The Great Game” — confrontation between the Anglo-Saxon and Russian world
Authors: Elishev S. O.
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to understanding the essence, defining the spatial and time frames, as well as describing the most significant episodes of the development of The Great Game — the policy of containing the development of Russia by Anglo-Saxon elites and powers, dating back more than two centuries. Perceiving Russia as the main obstacle to achieving its global geopolitical hegemony, Anglo-Saxon elites and powers actively waged large-scale diplomatic, economic, information wars and battles against Russia, military operations, conducted operations to organize coups d’etat and “revolutions”, trying to destroy Russia both by actions from outside and undermining it from within. The author of the article draws attention to the origin of the very concept of “Great Game”, as well as its use in a narrow and broad sense. In a narrow sense, this concept is used to denote the active geopolitical and economic confrontation between Great Britain and the Russian Empire for control over Central Asia throughout the 19th century (or according to a number of authors, starting in 1856) until 1907. Broadly, to indicate the global geopolitical confrontation between the Anglo-Saxon and Russian world from the

beginning of the 19th century and continuing to the present.

The author believes that the interpretation of the “Great Game” in a narrow sense is incorrect, politically biased and deliberately aimed at hiding the knowledge of the “Great Game” from the mass audience.

The author considers various points of view of domestic and foreign authors to determine the starting and final point, time and spatial framework of the “Great Game”. He refers to the vivid episodes of The “Great Game”: the Palace Coup of 1801 — the assassination of Emperor Paul I; “Napoleonic” wars; December putsch of 1825; Confrontation with England in Turkestan, the Caucasus, other regions; Russo-Persian and Russo-Turkish Wars, Crimean War, Russo-Japanese War; the Caucasian War and events in Central Asia and Turkestan; Financing and organization in the Russian Empire of the “fifth column”; Revolutionary events of 1905–1907; World War I; 1917 Revolution; Russian Civil War; Support for “intra-party” opposition; Bringing A. Hitler to power in Germany; World War II organization; “Cold War”, Dismemberment of the USSR; Chechen Wars; “Color revolutions” in the post-Soviet space; The 2008 war and Georgia’s “coercion” to peace; 2014 coup d’état, the subsequent civil war in Ukraine, start of Special Military Operation.
Features of the destructive impact on the youth of the new subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors: Dortseva E. V. , Rodin N. V.
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the destructive impact on modern Russian youth by foreign states, Russian and international organizations, various groups, with the aim of changing the worldview, value orientations, beliefs, behavioral stereotypes of young people, creating and spreading anti-Russian ideology, forming a negative attitude towards state institutions and traditional values of Russia, as well as undermining socio-economic and political stability in the Russian Federation. Analyzing the examples and features of this kind of influence of these subjects on modern Russian youth, the authors of the article place special emphasis on studying the specifics of this kind of impact on the youth of new subjects of the Russian Federation. To illustrate and substantiate their statements, the authors cite the results of an expert survey “External destructive impact on youth of new constituent entities of the Russian Federation”, conducted in March–April 2023 on the territory of new constituent entities of the Russian Federation among employees of relevant ministries and departments, activists of social movements, specialists in the field of state youth policy in new constituent entities of the Russian Federation (Donetsk People’s Republic and Lugansk People’s Republic).

Recognizing the fact of this kind of impact on young people of new constituent entities of the Russian Federation, analyzing the goals of which the subjects of destructive influence, the forms and mechanisms used by them seek, the authors systematize the proposals of experts on countering this impact and improving the mechanisms and forms of implementation of state youth policy in these regions.
Social construction of the health of modern Russianyouth: the main vectors of domestic discourse
Authors: Osipova N. G.
Published: January 2024

The article presents a systematic analysis of trends and trends in the field of research of health problems in the youth environment, which relate to the attitude to health in general, the field of preserving and strengthening health.

The author identifies significant risk factors that significantly affect both the health level of the younger generation and the life expectancy of its representatives, shows the ambivalence and inconsistency of data on the attitude of young people to their health obtained by various researchers. Based on the analysis of various sociological studies, including the author’s study conducted in July 2023, the results of the discussions conducted by domestic scientists addressing the health-saving problems of the younger generation of Russia are summarized.

The first group includes macro-social problems related to the general state regulation of public health. Among them are the lack of health care of the population among the state priorities; inadequate social policy of the Russian Federation in the field of healthcare; the activities of institutions included in the management of the health sector, including its regulatory regulation. The second group of problems is related to the conceptualization of the concept of “health” and “healthy lifestyle”, the interpretation of which is usually ambiguous. It is obvious that the normative definition of a “healthy lifestyle” has medical, physiological, psychological and social structural components, which include various external factors — the influence of family and social environment, fashion on social habits, as well as the nature of media exposure.

The data obtained by the author indicate that the greatest influence on the formation of young people’s ideas about health problems and practices for its maintenance is exerted by their own experience, social networks, family and the opinion of friends. They also confirm the prevailing trend: although the overwhelming majority of respondents (85%) are sure that people need to lead a healthy lifestyle, one in four believes that their lifestyle is unhealthy rather than healthy, and 5% of them do not consider their lifestyle healthy at all.

The author refers to a special group of problems the impact on the health of the digital media environment, into which the younger generation is actively integrated today, first of all, about the so-called “new media”, which include: internet portals of online media, blogosphere, social networks, virtual communities, virtual games and other Web resources. By broadcasting ideas, behavioral models, new media in modern society become “legislators” in various spheres of social life. To a certain extent, they participate in the construction of an individual’s behavior in relation to health, which is both constructive and destructive in nature.
A Study of Student Leadership Development in the Integration of Civic and Psychological Education Based on Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: Wang Qibin , Wang Jingjing
Published: January 2024

Civic and political education and psychological education have a molding effect on students’ leadership, and the developmental study of leadership can better propose cultivation methods. In this paper, for the leadership development of the integration of civic and political education and psychological education, the SCM-LD model is proposed in combination with the social cognitive theory, and the basic assumptions and contents are established. According to the SCM-LD model, evaluation of students’ leadership development was launched by combining social cognitive theory and role theory, and an evaluation index system was constructed. The DEMATEL method was used to construct the causal diagram, which was then used as the foundation for ANP network analysis, and the indicator weights were established through the DANP method. Based on the evaluation method, we will explore the influence of ideological education and psychological education on students’ leadership development. The ANOVA test value of the goal foresight dimension was 0.467, team sharing power was 0.776, and teamwork power was 1.43. In the psychological education course grades, the grades had no significant effect on the leadership level of students, while the grades of the Civic and Political Education course had a certain effect on the leadership level of students. The direction for student leadership development-oriented Civics and Psychoeducation is presented in this study.