bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative Pedagogical Technologies in Education System
Authors: Pliushch Valentina , Sorokun Svitlana
Published: March 2022

The society in which we live is constantly evolving and changing. The modern world educational space is constantly being replenished with new content of knowledge, new qualifications. New spheres of relations are emerging, new specialties that form new disciplines. World higher education is undergoing reform. This led to the search for new forms and technologies of education. Harmonization of higher education in accordance with the requirements of the world space and standards, its development is carried out according to certain principles. This is, first of all, the priority introduction of innovative achievements in education and science. It is known that it is the innovative way of development of society that can ensure the formation of a generation of people who think and work in a new way. As a result, the main attention will be paid to the development of personality, cultural and communicative preparedness, the ability to independently acquire and develop knowledge, to form information and social skills. Considering this, the main purpose of the article is to study the main aspects of innovative pedagogical technologies in education system
Development of Project Activities for Teachers and Students of the Education System
Authors: Chekhovska Liubov , Chernysh Natalia , Ravchyna Tetyana
Published: March 2022

The main purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the main mechanisms for the development and improvement of project activities for teachers and students of the education system and a brief analysis of the content and structure and determination of an important condition for the development of pedagogical activities in connection with project activities. Changes in social life taking place in our time require the development of new methods of education, pedagogical technologies dealing with the individual development of the individual. It is necessary to develop students' ability to think independently, to acquire and apply knowledge. This is due to the introduction of methods and technologies into the educational process based on the design and research activities of students. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to highlight the essential attributes of activity, analyze various interpretations of project activities and concepts similar in content to it, determine the components of pedagogical activity, make a comparative analysis of pedagogical and project activities and prove that project activity is a condition for the development of pedagogical activity. As a result, the main mechanisms and techniques for the development and improvement of project activities for teachers and students of the education system  were analyzed and investigated
The main Pedagogical Aspects of the Formation of Professional Competence of Students of Physical Culture
Authors: Prystupa Yevhen , Muzyka Fedir , Kryshtanovych Svitlana , Matviiv Vasyl , Ilkiv Oksana
Published: March 2022

The main purpose of the article is to analyze, systematize and research the main pedagogical aspects of the formation of professional competence of students of physical culture. In modern conditions, the developing information society requires significant changes in the domestic education system, while creating for each person significant opportunities to receive information in the volume that he needs for self-development and self-improvement. At the same time, it is obvious that the transition to a new model of education excludes the passive role of participants in the educational process, since only an active position in obtaining knowledge will allow students to form “the ability to live and work in an information society”, to determine the individual trajectory of education. The increased requirements for the quality of education in the context of its structural restructuring and integration into the global educational space significantly change the level of social expectations in relation to the effectiveness of the entire complex of pedagogical sciences. For this, the methods of theoretical analysis of specialized literature in the field of introducing and improving the basic pedagogical technologies of the process of developing professional competence of students of physical culture were used. As a result of the study, the main modern trends and aspects the main pedagogical aspects of the formation of professional competence of students of physical culture were revealed
Pandemic-Related Workplace Violence and Its Impact on Public Health Officials, March 2020‒January 2021
Authors: Ward Julie A. , Stone Elizabeth M. , Mui Paulani , Resnick Beth
Published: March 2022

Objectives. To characterize the experience and impact of pandemic-related workplace violence in the form of harassment and threats against public health officials.

Methods. We used a mixed methods approach, combining media content and a national survey of local health departments (LHDs) in the United States, to identify harassment against public health officials from March 2020 to January 2021. We compared media-portrayed experiences, survey-reported experiences, and publicly reported position departures.

Results. At least 1499 harassment experiences were identified by LHD survey respondents, representing 57% of responding departments. We also identified 222 position departures by public health officials nationally, 36% alongside reports of harassment. Public health officials described experiencing structural and political undermining of their professional duties, marginalization of their expertise, social villainization, and disillusionment. Many affected leaders remain in their positions.

Conclusions. Interventions to reduce undermining, ostracizing, and intimidating acts against health officials are needed for a sustainable public health system. We recommend training leaders to respond to political conflict, improving colleague support networks, providing trauma-informed worker support, investing in long-term public health staffing and infrastructure, and establishing workplace violence reporting systems and legal protections. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(5):736–746. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306649 )
Measure of Personal Network Size Using the Known Population Method: A Methodological Guide
Authors: Clay-Warner Jody , Kawashima Tenshi , Edgemon Timothy G.
Published: March 2022

The network scale-up method (NSUM) has shown promise in measuring the prevalence of hidden public health problems and at-risk populations. The technique involves asking survey respondents how many people they know with the health problem or characteristic of interest and extrapolating this information to the population level.

An important component of the NSUM estimate is the size of each respondent’s network, which is determined by asking respondents about the number of people they know who belong to populations of known size. There is little systematic discussion, however, to guide selection of these questions. Furthermore, many of the most commonly used known population questions are appropriate only in countries with a robust data infrastructure.

Here, we draw from the NSUM literature to present a set of best practices in the selection of NSUM known population questions. Throughout, we address the unique situations that many researchers face in collecting prevalence data in the developing world, where innovative prevalence estimation techniques, such as NSUM, are most needed. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(5):747–753. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306731 )
Jujuboside A attenuates Sepsis‑induced Cardiomyopathy by inhibiting inflammation and regulating autophagy
Authors: Wang Zi , Ji Qingqi , Li Yanjie , Cai Zhaohua , Fang Liang , Huo Huanhuan , Zhou Guo , Yan Xiangming , Shen Linghong , He Ben
Published: March 2022

Background: Jujuboside A (JuA), as a main effective component of Jujubogenin, which was extracted from the seed of Ziziphus jujuba Mill, has long been known as a sedative-hypnotic drug. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential effect of JuA on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mouse models. Method: Wide type C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: ddH2O+control, ddH2O+JuA, LPS+NS and LPS +JuA, and the cardiac function of septic mice were detected by echocardiography. Moreover, the survival rate at each time point was calculated for 7 days. ELISA assays were used to analyze inflammatory factors in serum. Furthermore, Western blotting, flow cytometry and TUNEL staining were performed to assess cell apoptosis and transmission electron microscopy detecting the number of autophagosomes. Finally, the expression of autophagy-related and oxidative stress-related proteins was analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining. Results: Results showed that JuA pretreatment significantly improved the survival rate and cardiac function, and suppressed systemic inflammatory response in septic mice. Further study revealed that JuA could decrease cell apoptosis and enhanced autophagy. Moreover, JuA pretreatment also significantly decreased oxidative stress and nitrodative stress, as evidenced by downregulating iNOS and gp91 expression in vivo. In addition, the autophagy inhibitor 3‑MA significantly abolished the effect of JuA on autophagic activity in SIC. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings indicated that JuA enhanced autophagy blocking inflammasome-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and suppress myocardial iNOS and gp91 expression to improve cardiac function of SIC in septic mice.
Performance Analysis of Humidity Tapered Optical Fiber Sensor
Authors: de Carvalho Pedro Vitor Taranto , Martinez Maria Aparecida Gonçalves , Giraldi Maria Rocco
Published: March 2022

Among different interferometric fiber optic sensors a Relative Humidity sensor based on a singlemode-no-core-singlemode tapered fiber structure is proposed. The mathematical model of the interferometer structure is developed, simulated and validated as a refractive index sensor. Different materials for coating the No-core fiber section are analyzed for better Relative Humidity sensitivity. Agarose, Porous Silica and SiO2 nanoparticles were selected as coating materials for Pure Silica and dPMMA fibers. The d-PMMA fiber with Agarose coating presents the highest average sensitivity of 533.46pm/RH% in the 0-60% RH range, when the tapered section has zero length. Furthermore, variations in the dimensions of the structure are explored showing that we can tune the sensitivity according to the tapered length and radius. An extension of the tapered section up to 4000µm gives an improvement of 227% in the average sensitivity. Moreover, a reduction of the tapered radius from 15µm to 1.5µm gives an rise in the sensitivity of 295%.
Formability investigation of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy sheet at elevated temperatures
Authors: Safdarian Rasoul
Published: March 2022

Aluminum alloy sheets are widely used in different industries that the main reason is the high strength to weight ratio of these sheets. Among these sheets, the 6061-aluminum alloy (AA 6061) is more useable in automotive and aircraft industries, because of its high strength and more formability properties which have rather than most aluminum alloy sheets. Although AA 6061 sheet has more formability compare to most other aluminum alloy sheets, still it has low formability at room temperature which is one of its drawbacks. Therefore, in the present study, the formability of AA 6061-T6 sheets with thickness of 2 mm is investigated at different temperatures in the range of room temperature (RT) to 300℃. For this purpose, the experimental tests of forming limit diagram (FLD) are done at different temperatures by using the non-isothermal Nakajima standard die based on the ISO 12004-2 standard. The FLD tests are done with no lubrication in the sheet and punch contact at different temperatures. The results indicated that the FLD level and formability increased by temperature increase from RT to 100℃ and then decreased by temperature increase from 200℃ to 300℃. Results showed that happening of adhesive wear between the punch and the sheet surface is the main factor that restricted the material flow and deformation of sheet when the temperature is more than 100℃. The higher temperature which is used in the forming process, the stronger adhesive wear will happen.
Temperature and Oxygen Response to Groundwater Discharge in the Ice-Covered Razdolnaya River Estuary (Sea of Japan)
Authors: Semkin Pavel , Tishchenko Pavel , Charkin Alexander , Pavlova Galina , Anisimova Ekaterina , Barabanshchikov Yuri , Mikhailik Tatyana , Tishchenko Petr
Published: March 2022

The study demonstrates a dynamic connection between the saltwater wedge region and its underlying aquifer. In winter, this estuary is covered with ice and the river flow is at its lowest; that is why its hydrological and oxygen-specific response to groundwater discharge is best marked in this season. Groundwater discharge was detected in the saltwater wedge region by highly active radium isotopes: 224Ra — 66.32 ± 0.60 dpm 100L−1, 223Ra — 2.85 ± 0.17 dpm 100L−1, 228Ra — 159.15 ± 0.13 dpm 100L− 1. The temperature of ground and river waters was +4.3 °С and +0.09 °С, respectively, that of sea water −1.2 °С, and the near-bottom layer temperature increased up to +1.2 °С in the water discharge region. According to the data provided by an anchored autonomous station installed in the area of saltwater discharge influence during the freeze-up period, the temperature reaches 2.5 °С in the saltwater wedge. Groundwater discharge is accompanied by a lower level of oxygen saturation – 67%, at that time oxygen saturation in sea water was 151%. Thus, we present evidence documenting the natural process that may result in a lower level of oxygen saturation in an estuary irrespective of man-induced effects, supply of nutrients and further intensification of production-destruction processes.
The Genomic and Immunologic Signature of VISTA Based on a Pan-cancer Analysis
Authors: Cao Xi , Zhou Xingtong , Sun Qiang
Published: March 2022

The V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is thought to be a non-redundant T cell regulation checkpoint of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. VISTA has recently emerged as an anti-tumor immunotherapy agent. To understand the genomic and immunological signatures of VISTA, we evaluated its expression levels, prognostic effects, mutation and copy number alterations, and immune infiltration signatures by pan-cancer analysis via multiple public datasets. Relative to normal tissues, tumour tissues frequently exhibit VISTA downregulation. Survival and immune infiltration signature analyses indicated that VISTA expression was differently correlated with outcome and immune infiltration level among various cancer types. Nevertheless, VISTA upregulation increased the survival and immune infiltration levels in breast, lung, and skin cancers but did not markedly improve survival and was only weakly correlated with the immune infiltration level in ovarian cancer. The VISTA pan-cancer mutation rate was almost 2%. The major mutation type was missense, followed by synonymous substitution with C>T. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analyses revealed that VISTA-related genes and proteins participated in the T cell and Toll-like receptor signalling pathways, innate immune and inflammatory responses, and negative regulation of NF-κB transcription and interleukins. The foregoing results may help clarify the mechanism of VISTA in tumour immune response.
Mapping the conformational landscape of the stimulatory heterotrimeric G protein
Authors: Prosser Robert , Huang Shuya , Rahmatullah Rima , Pandey Aditya , Eps Ned Van , Sunahara Roger , Ernst Oliver , Sljoka Adnan
Published: March 2022

Heterotrimeric G proteins serve as key membrane-associated signaling hubs, in concert with their cognate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Using site-directed labels located at four key allosteric sites within the Ras-homology domain of the stimulatory G protein α-subunit, Gsα, fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (19F NMR) was employed to monitor the conformational equilibria of Gsα by itself, in the intact Gsαβγ heterotrimer, or in complex with either membrane alone or membrane-embedded adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). The results reveal a concerted equilibrium which is strongly affected by nucleotide and interactions with the βγ-subunit, the lipid bilayer, and A2AR. 19F NMR spectra of the α1 helix of Gsα exhibit significant intermediate timescale dynamics, while those associated with the α4β6 loop and the α5 helix reflect respective membrane/receptor interactions and order/disorder transitions associated with G protein activation. The αN helix adopts a key functional state that serves as an allosteric conduit between the βγ-subunit and the receptor, while spectra in the presence of GTPγS reveal that a significant fraction of the ensemble remains tethered to the membrane and the receptor upon activation.
Feasibility Study And Surgical Technique Sharing Of Myomectomy For Intramural Myoma Greater Than 8cm During Cesarean Section
Authors: Shi Chunbo , Chen Aner , Chen Jinliang
Published: March 2022

Objective: To explore the feasibility and safety of cesarean myomectomy in large interstitial myoma.Methods: A total of 124 cases of pregnancy who underwent cesarean section in Ningbo Women's and Children's Hospital were selected. 79 patients were complicated with intramural uterine leiomyoma, and 43 patients underwent cesarean myomectomy (Study group), and 36 patients did not undergo myomectomy during cesarean section (regular group). No uterine leiomyoma was found in the other 45 patients during cesarean section (control group). The intraoperative conditions were compared, including operation time, intraoperative blood loss and uterine balloon packing rate. The short-term recovery after operation was compared, including the time of use of antibiotics, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative fever rate and anal exhaust time. Long-term recovery after discharge was followed up by telephone. Results: Compared with the operation time of the three groups, the operation time of the study group was significantly longer than that of the regular group and the control group[75(60, 150) min vs 69.5(40, 100) min vs 58(41, 70) min, P<0.001]. In the control group, the study group and the regular group, the intraoperative blood loss was 400（350，600）ml vs 600（400,2500）ml vs 550（400,1300）ml, P <0.001], antibiotic use time [2(1,3) days vs 3(2,5) days vs 3 (2,12) days, P <0.001], postoperative hospital stay [4(3,5) days vs 5(4,6) days vs 5(4,14) days, P <0.001], anal exhaust time [1(1,1) day vs 1(1,5) day vs 1(1,3) day, P <0.05], but there was no significant difference between the study group and the regular group (P > 0.05). Compared with the study group and the control group, the balloon implantation rate of the regular group was the highes (33.3% vs 11.65% vs 0%, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative fever (>38℃) among the three groups.Conclusions: For pregnancy complicated with large uterine leiomyoma, it is safe and feasible to be resected by experienced obstetricians and gynaecologists at the same time of cesarean section.
Structural insights into RyR channel gating modulated by intrinsic junctional protein
Authors: Hu Hongli , Wei Risheng , Chen Qiang , Zhang Lei , Liu Congcong , Zhang Mengxue , Liu Chuang , Yin Chang-Cheng
Published: March 2022

The type-1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is an intracellular calcium release channel for skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling. Published structures of RyR1 showed RyR1 is open only in the assistance of exogenous regulators, such as caffeine, ryanodine, PCB-95 and diamide. Here, we report that with a mild purification procedure, a single transmembrane protein junctin is co-purified with RyR1. RyR-junctin complex can be activated to open state by Ca2+ only. Junctin inserts its transmembrane helix next to S1, S4 and S4-5 linker of RyR1, exerting an out-ward pushing force to the TM domain, facilitating the dilation of S6. Junctin regulates the channel conformation by directly affecting the TM domain via Jun/S1-4–S4-5 linker. Additional ATP increases the channel open probability by further stabilizing the channel in the open state. Our results demonstrate junctin forms an intrinsic complex with RyR1 and play a key role in the channel gating of RyR1 in physiological context.
Comparison of sitting position vs. non sitting position the resection of brain metastases in the posterior fossa. Surgical and functional outcome in a contemporary cohort.
Authors: Krauss Philipp , Vernik Tamara , Motov Stefan , Bonk Maximilian Niklas , Shmygalev Sergey , Kramer Katharina , Lehmberg Jens , Shiban Ehab
Published: March 2022

For surgery of brain metastases, good immediate postoperative functional outcome is of utmost importance. Improved functional status can enable further oncologic therapies and adverse events might delay them. Pros and cons of either sitting or supine positioning for resective surgery of the posterior fossa are debated but contemporary data on direct postoperative outcome is rare. Aim of our study was to compare the functional outcome and adverse events of surgery for brain metastases in sitting vs. non sitting position in the direct postoperative setting. We retrospectively compared surgery of metastases located in the posterior fossa over a 3-year period in two level-A neurosurgical centers. Either center performed surgery exclusively in sitting or non-sitting positioning respectively. Worse functional outcome (Karnofsky Performance scale) and functional deterioration was seen in the “sitting” group (coming from higher functional scores). We found significantly more “sitting” patients to deteriorate to a KPS ≤60% including four deaths (vs. one in non-sitting position). In this study, treating patients with brain metastases in sitting position resulted in a number needed to harm (NNH) of 2.3. In this study, we found sitting position for surgery of brain metastases to be associated with worse outcome and more adverse events. Therefore, we tend to recommend non-sitting over sitting position for surgery of brain metastases of the posterior fossa.
“In the beginning, I said I wouldn’t get it.”: In-depth Qualitative Interviews to Understand Vaccine Hesitancy, Acceptance, and Decision-Making in Remote Alaska between November 2020 and July 2021
Authors: Eichelberger Laura P. , Fried Ruby L. , Cochran Patricia , Hahn Micah
Published: March 2022

Background
Despite leading national rates early in the pandemic, COVID-19 vaccine coverage in Alaska currently ranks 26th nationwide. Prevailing literature primarily reports urban or aggregated data. Here instead, we further characterize the complex decision-making around the COVID-19 vaccine based on in-depth interviews with Alaskans living off the road system.
Methods
We conducted 38 semi-structured in-depth interviews by phone with remote Alaska residents. Interviewees were survey respondents who had self-selected for a follow-up interview, and were predominately Indigenous, female, with post-secondary education. Interviews occurred in February and July 2021, after emergency use COVID-19 vaccine approval.
Results
Of 38 interviewees, 16 (42%) were “low intention” or “deliberating” vaccine acceptance based on their survey responses. Of these, 13 (81% of low-intention/deliberating) got vaccinated between the survey and follow-up interview timeframes. Vaccinated interviewees were motivated by individual-level perceptions of benefits (n = 18, 82%), protecting others (n = 6, 27%), and current or potential requirements (n = 7, 32%). Over half (n = 22, 58%) had vaccine-related concerns, including 13 (46%) of those vaccinated. Concerns primarily pertained to safety (n = 18, 47%), especially potential side effects (n = 11, 29%). Interviewees reported using multiple sources to make their decision, including media (n = 18, 49%) and interpersonal interactions (n = 16, 42%). Confidence among vaccinated/high-intention interviewees was attributed to trusting the source and/or information (n = 14, 44%), learning from others (n = 9, 28%), and personal experiences (n = 8, 25%). Scientific knowledge does not appear to have been a dominant factor for decision-making. Unvaccinated/low-intention interviewees (n = 5) desired more time and information.
Conclusions
This paper illustrates how vaccine hesitancy and acceptance are dynamic decisions that are influenced by complex processes involving knowledge circulation and reception. These results show that even those who respond that they will “definitely not” get vaccinated may change their minds at some future point. Further, vaccinated individuals may still have vaccine-related concerns. These findings indicate that building vaccine confidence involves a combination of consistent messages disseminated through a variety of media, as well as interpersonal interactions and observations. Trusting the source and/or understanding the information, as well as having a sense of agency appears to be important to interviewee decision-making, regardless of vaccination status and intention.
Primary Tumor Size as a Predictor of Prognosis in Patients with Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: Population analysis based on two centers
Authors: Chen Junguo , Chen Xijie , Lv Min-Yi , Zhang Bin , Li Guanman , Lin Yanyun , Huang Tianze , He Degao , Hu Jiancong , He Xiaosheng
Published: March 2022

Background
The prognostic significance of primary tumor size in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor size in stage IV CRC.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with stage IV CRC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and patients with stage IV CRC treated at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU). The optimal cutoff value for tumor size was determined using the X-Tile program. Multivariable Cox regression analysis were used to examine whether tumor size was an independent predictor of prognosis.
Results
There were 16,283 patients in the SEER cohort and 462 in the SYSU cohort. With the help of the X-Tile program, we selected 60mm as the optimal tumor size cutoff. Multivariate analysis confirmed that tumor size (HR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.13–1.22) was an independent prognostic factor in stage IV CRC. Across all subgroups in the SEER cohort, survival probability was significantly lower in patients with tumor size ≥ 60 mm than in patients with tumor size < 60 mm.
Conclusions
Tumor size appears to be an independent predictor of survival in patients with stage IV CRC. Patients with tumor size ≥ 60 mm have poor prognosis.
Calculation Of WER And WET For 3 Dosimetric Materials At Carbon Ion Energies Ranging 100-300 Mev Using Fluka And MCNPX Monte Carlo Codes
Authors: Yjjou M. , Dekhissi H. , Derkaoui J. , Didi A. , Aknouch A.
Published: March 2022

Due to the shortage of data regarding range, WER and WET values for carbon ion beams in a vast range of energies as well as for relevant dosimetric materials, in this work, firstly, depth-dose profiles and range were evaluated in liquid water, polyethylene (PE), aluminium, bone, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and lead for carbon ion energies ranging 100-300 MeV using Fluka Mc code. Afterwards, following their most frequent use in dosimetric studies in hadrontherapy, we decided to calculate the WER and WET of only 3 dosimetric materials (PE, PMMA and lead). Then, we made the remark that the PE and the lead represent the least and the most difference to water with calculated mean WER values of 0.998 and 5.684, respectively. The calculated WER values were compared with MCNPX Mc code as well as the previous analytical results (NM, BK, BB, EBB). Good agreement was reached between Fluka, MCNPX and the previous analytical results. The largest discrepancy between the two Mc codes was 2.29% for lead at 250 MeV carbon ion energy and was about 2.06% between Fluka and the BB method for Lead at 270.83 MeV carbon ion energy. Based on the materials explored, the PE stayed the nearest to water with an average WER of 0.9983 for carbon ion energy ranging 100 to 300 MeV. KeysWords: WER, WET, carbon ion, hadrontherapy, Fluka, MCNPX
The Protective Role of Exosomal circRNA-0008302 from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) Against Myocardial Injury
Authors: Hu Chengyan , Sun Xipeng , Chu Yanyan , Wang Yanling , Liu Zhi
Published: March 2022

Background
This study aims to explore the expression of circRNA-0008302 in adipose stem cells derived exosome (ADSCs-Exo), and to investigate the function as well as mechanism of circRNA-0008302 in H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
Methods
Differentially expressed circRNAs between ADSCs and ADSCs-Exo were identified by circRNA chip screening, and further validated by qRT-PCR. CircRNA-0008302 siRNA was used to silence circRNA-0008302 expression in M6200 mouse cardiac myocytes. M6200 cells were divided into four groups: M6200 group, M6200 + H2O2 group, M6200 + H2O2 + ADSCs-Exo group and M6200 + H2O2 + ADSCs-Exocirc−0008302 siRNA group. Thereafter, cell viability was evaluated using CCK8 assay. Apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry. The expression level of miR-466i-5p was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Western blotting was performed to detect MsrA protein expression.
Results
The expression of circ-0008302 was significantly increased in ADSCs-Exo compared with that in ADSCs. Through the delivery of circ-0008302, ADSCs-Exo maintained the viability, inhibited the apoptosis and reduced ROS production in cardiomyocytes, thereby protecting cardiomyocytes from H2O2-induced oxidative injury. Mechanistically, circ-0008302 downregulated the level of miR-466i-5p, and thus promoted the expression of a miR-466i-5p target gene-MsrA in cardiomyocytes.
Conclusion
ADSC-secreted exosomes have a protective role in myocardial injury by delivering circ-0008302, which increased MsrA expression via targeting miR-466i-5p in cardiomyocytes.
Prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorders among patients with cancer at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Malawi
Authors: Banda Jonathan Chiwanda , Udedi Michael , Masamba Leo , Liwimbi Olive , Zimba Chifundo Colleta , Kamzati Moses , Mphonda Steve , Muula Adamson Sinjani
Published: March 2022

Background
Depressive disorders, with prevalence varying widely by setting, are among the common debilitating mental health disorders in patients with cancer worldwide. An understanding of the prevalence of depressive disorders among a specific patient population group should inform both their prevention and management. We conducted this study to estimate the prevalence and correlates of depressive disorders among patients living with cancer at Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH), Lilongwe in Malawi.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study nested in another larger quasi-experimental study evaluating the effect of integrating depression screening and management on clinical outcomes among cancer patients attending oncology services at a Cancer Unit based at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe. A validated PHQ-9 tool was used to estimate prevalence of major depressive disorders. A total of 399 consented participants were enrolled from August to December, 2021. We estimated the prevalence and associated factors to depression among this patient group.
Results
The study comprised more females (64%) than males. Cervical cancer (33%), Kaposi’s Sarcoma (16%), breast cancer (9%) and esophageal cancer (4%) were the top four common malignancies in the study. The prevalence of major depressive disorders was 11.5%; most (52%) of whom had moderate depressive symptoms on PHQ-9 scale. Patients receiving palliative care were associated with reduced odds of major depressive disorders [Odds ratio: 0.36 (95% CI: 0.14–0.94)].
Conclusion
A high proportion of patients with cancer had major depressive disorders. Patients on palliative care were protected from having major depressive disorders. There is a need for integrating screening and treatment of depressive disorders among patients living with cancer to improve cancer care in Malawi.
iEngage: a digital health education program designed to enhance physical activity in young adolescents
Authors: CAILLAUD Corinne , LEDGER Susan , Diaz Claudio , CLERC Gael , GALY Olivier , YACEF Kalina
Published: March 2022

iEngage© is a modular health education and behavioural change program designed to provide adolescents with knowledge and practical skills and to help them moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Key features of the program include the iEngage© app which integrates learning modules with activity trackers data (Misfit Ray©), evidence-based health information, guidance through goals setting, self-monitoring, assessment of achievements, and experiential learning supported by the activity trackers. iEngage© was implemented in school context in 10–12 years old adolescents over 5 weeks involving 10 learning and behavioural change modules and continuous monitoring of steps. Results show that adolescents effectively set goals and self-assessed achievements during the program, progressing toward higher activity levels. Daily steps increased through the program (+ 30% or + 2647 steps/day) as well as the consistency of days totalling at least 11,000 steps/day (from 35% at the beginning to 48% at the end of the program). Average schooldays MVPA was assessed pre- and post- via research grade GENEActiv wrist accelerometers in iEngage and control participants. Contrasting with the control group, MVPA increased after the program ( ~ + 5 min/day) in short bouts, particularly during lunch time, recess and after school. Girls were found less active than boys and progressed goals and PA achievements less than boys during the program. The iEngage© program and its digital app, incorporates experiential learning, goals setting, self-monitoring and self-assessment of PA, and effectively helped young adolescents enhance PA and build up MVPA in daily life.
Comprehensive analysis of a ceRNA network associated with TP53 mutations in liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Jie , Xu Zongren , Gan Hongyan , Li Ruiqian , Jia Junhao , Yu Zicheng , Peng Jing
Published: March 2022

Liver cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death and is quantitatively dominated by the liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) subtype. Although advances have been made in recent years, further exploration on new HCC carcinogenic mechanisms as well as diagnostic and therapeutic methods in the context of detrimental TP53 abnormalities is indispensable on the way to conquer HCC. In this study, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed on tumor samples stratified by the TP53 mutational status. With demonstrated TP53 mutant-specificity, the network nodes including AC017104.6, RP5-1092A11.5, RP11-365O16.6 and PTBP1 were all prognosis-related. Further therapeutic correlation analysis unveiled the connection between their expressions and tumor microenvironment fluctuation as well as possible chemotherapy resistance. Additionally, we explored the drug sensitivity difference between TP53 wild type and mutant samples, complementing the therapeutic arsenal of HCC. The universality of the key node PTBP1 was verified by multi-source transcriptional and protein level expressions. Taken together, this is the first study focusing on the ceRNA network mediated by TP53 mutations and its provoked therapeutic associations in HCC. Our results deepened the understanding of the concomitant alternations brought by TP53 mutations and could benefit future therapeutic development in HCC.
De la misoginia y la misandria
Authors: Martínez Gómez Jormaris , Betancur Arias Juan Diego
Published: March 2022

La misandria es el neologismo que describe el odio al hombre por ser hombre, es un concepto poco familiar en nuestro lenguaje. Más allá de su expansión, uso y legitimidad científica, es claro que el hombre y el género masculino, en la actualidad, adolecen de miradas y acompañamientos signados por buenas prácticas que mitiguen los fenómenos de misandria por los que transitan de manera soterrana, anónima y encubierta en el contexto de las relaciones de pareja, sociales, familiares y laborales.
Authigenesis of carbonates in the deposits of the gas-hydrate-bearing structure of the CHAOS (Sea of Okhotsk)
Authors:   VNIIOkeanologia, Logvina Elizaveta A. , Krylov Aleksey A. ,   VNIIOkeanologia,   St. Petersburg State University,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Matveeva Tatyana V. ,   VNIIOkeanologia, Maksimov Fedor E. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kuznetsov Vladislav Yu. ,   St. Petersburg State University,   Herzen University
Published: March 2022

The paper presents the results of studies of authigenic carbonates sampled in the near-surface sediments of the gas-hydrate-bearing CHAOS structure located on the western slope of the Deryugin Basin in the Sea of Okhotsk. Carbonates were at different stages of formation, the most common morphological forms of which were concretions. Microscopic studies have shown that the concretions are formed by pelitomorphic carbonate cementing the terrigenous clay-clastic matrix and organic detritus. According to X-ray phase analysis, the dominant mineral composing nodules is cryptocrystalline high-Mg calcite (14.2-16.9 mol% Mg). Based on the geochemical modeling the intervals of the sediments with favorable conditions for the formation of basic carbonate minerals (aragonite, calcite, and dolomite) were identified. Almost over the entire area of the structure, the formation of carbonates occurs at more than 1m and up to 5m sub-bottom depths. In the central part of the structure (station LV31-27GC) the formation of carbonates is also possible in the upper part of the sedimentary section - from 0 to 1,5 m. On the basis of balance calculations of the δ13C isotopes content in nodules, the contribution of the main carbon sources involved in their formation was estimated. These sources turned out to be organic matter and microbial methane in a ratio of 67.5: 32.5. It was found that the conversion of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate ion occurs under conditions of early diagenesis due to the interaction of the fluid with aluminosilicates. Calculations of the isotopic composition of pore waters (the main source of oxygen in carbonates) and paleotemperatures indicate crystallization of carbonates at low (close to 0 ° C) temperatures. Based on 230Th/U-dating of carbonates, the age of the studied unloading source was determined as ~ 3.5 thousand years. It was found that the CHAOS structure is one of the “youngest” on the northeastern slope of the Sakhalin Island.
Hemşirelerin hastane etik iklim algılamalarının iş doyumu üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi
Authors: GÜN Mukadder , YILDIRIM Gülay , AĞAPINAR ŞAHİN Safiye
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Kamu hastanelerindeki hemşirelerin çalıştıkları hastanelerdeki hastane etik iklimi algılamalarının iş doyumu üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır.Yöntemler: Üniversite ve devlet hastanelerinde çalışan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 273 hemşireden tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Hastane Etik İklim Ölçeği (HEİÖ) ve İş Doyumu Ölçeği ile veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Pearson Momentler Çarpımı korelasyon analizi, Durbin Watson testi, Lineer Regresyon analizi, t Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans analizi (ANOVA), Dunnet T3 Post Hoc testi, Kurskal Wallis H testi, Mann Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin %96’sı kadın, %53,8’ i evli, %46,5’ i hemşirelik lisans mezunu, %7’si hemşirelik yüksek lisans mezunudur. Katılımcılara uygulanan HEİÖ’inin toplam puan ortalaması 92,44±18,05, ve İş Doyumu Ölçeğinin toplam ortalaması ise 3,38±67 olup aralarında pozitif bir ilişki bulunmaktadır (p<0.05, r=0.539). Katılımcılardan mesleğini severek yapan ve hizmet içi eğitim alanların toplam Hastane Etik İklimi ve İş Doyumu puanları arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı fark vardır (p<0,05).Sonuç: Hemşirelerin hastane etik ikim algılarının ve iş doyumu genel puan ortalamalarının yüksek olduğu, etik iklim algısının arttıkça iş doyumu düzeylerinin arttığı saptanmıştır.
Inhibitors of Aβ Peptide Aggregation as Potential Anti-Aizheimer Agents
Authors: Bandiera Tiziano , Lansen Jacqueline , Post Claes , Varasi Mario
Published: March 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia in elderly people, is characterized, from the pathological standpoint, by the extracellular deposition of a 39-43 amino acid peptide, referred to as the amyloid -peptide (A ), in the form of insoluble, protease resistant amyloid plaques. Apeptides are known to aggregate spontaneously in vitro with the formation of amyloid fibrils. A great body of evidence has accumulated on the dependence of Atoxicity on its aggregation state: on this basis, the hypothesis has been put forward that the deposition of amyloid plaques is a causative factor in AD. Therefore, the intervention on the Apeptide aggregation process can be envisaged as an approach to stop or, at least, to slow down the progression of AD. In the last few years, a number of small molecules have been reported to interfere with the in vitro aggregation of Apeptides. -cyclodextrin and rifampicin are the first compounds that were shown to inhibit fibril formation by Apeptides; Congo Red, chrysamine G and other sulfonated dyes were found to display the same activity and, recently, nicotine and iododoxorubicin were reported to act as aggregation inhibitors as well. Although most of these molecules can only be considered as tools, they should be regarded as structural hits in the search for more active and pharmacologically useful compounds. The available data on these compounds are reported in this review.
Structural Requirements for Leukotriene CysLT1 Receptor Ligands
Authors: Zhang Ming-Qiang , Zwaagstra Mariel E.
Published: March 2022

Leukotriene CysLT1 receptor antagonists (also known as LfD4 antagonists) are among the most promising antiasthmatic agents currently under investigation. For the last 20 years there are many thousands of compounds prepared as CysLT1 receptor antagonists and several of them
have advanced to the clinical practice. The diverse chemical structures of CysLT1 antagonists
pose considerable difficulty in the identification of structural determinants for their activity. This
review summarizes the structural modifications within each individual class of compounds and derives the general structural requirements for CysLT1 antagonistic activity. Computer-aided rational design of CysL T1 antagonists have been thoroughly analyzed and a new pharmacophoric model is presented to accommodate almost all SAR data experimentally observed.

Since a stable and selective CysLT1 receptor agonist would be a very useful pharmacological tool, especially for the characterization of receptor subtypes, the SARs of CysLT1 agonists have also been discussed in the present paper. These information are also important for the understanding of ligand recognition of the CysLT1 receptor.
Molecular Modeling and Structural Analysis of Benzamide Derivatives with and without Extrapyramidal Syndrome Side Effects
Authors: Ren Shijun , Lien Linda L. , Lien Eric J.
Published: March 2022

Twenty benzamide derivatives with and without EPS side effects have been compared in terms of their physicochemical properties and 3-D molecular modeling using the HyperChem program and the CQSAR program. While no single determining physicochemical property can be identified with the EPS side
effects. Similarities and differences of the 3-D structures do exist among the ones with and without EPS side effects. These 3-D models of the ones without EPS side effects may be used tor further development of each subclass of therapeutic agents with improved pharmacological profile.
Ohmefentanyl and Its Stereoisomers: Chemistry and Pharmacology
Authors: Brine G. A. , Carroll F. I. , Richardson-Leibert T.  M. , Xu H. , Rothman R. B.
Published: March 2022

Ohmefentanyl., or β-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl, is an unique member of the 4-anilidopiperidine class of opiates. This review summarizes both the initial studies on mixtures of ohmefentanyl stereoisomers and some
more recent studies on the eight individual stereoisomers, in particular those in which the 3- methyl and 4-propionanilide substituents on the piperidine ring have a cis relationship to each other. Analog studies, also on stereoisomer mixtures, have revealed that structural changes in the β-hydroxy- ·phenethyl portion of the molecule have considerable impact on the biological activity in the cis series while changes in the 4-propionanilide portion have smaller effects. The analog data are consistent with the idea that the cis-3-methyl group, the β -hydroxyl group and the β-phenethyl group play key roles in cis-ohmefentanyl's unique activity. Biological studies on the four cis-stereoisomers [( S,3R,4S)-4a, ( R,3R,4S)-4b, ( R,3S,4R)-4c, ( S,3S,4R)-4d] have shown that they differ considerably in their in vitro and in vivo biological properties. Since these stereoisomers differ from each other in their absolute stereochemistries, which focuses the analysis on asymmetric structural factors and avoids confounding changes in physiochemical characteristics, they constitute a unique set of molecular probes for investigation of 11 receptor mediated phenomena. We summarize in this review data showing that these four cis­ stereoisomers are characterized by different parameter profiles for ligand-receptor interaction: binding affinity (Ki value), potency (ED50 for receptor activation), efficacy (maximal response) and
intrinsic efficacy (relationship between receptor occupation and response). We speculate that
the different profiles result from binding to different domains of the 11 opioid receptor. Moreover, we expect that continued studies with these stereoisomers, as well as the corresponding stereoisomers of selected cis-ohmefentanyl analogs, will help to elucidate the molecular basis of these parameters and to develop more refined pharmacophores for the opioid 11 receptor.

This review traces the evolution of ohmefentanyl,or β-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl, from the initial papers on the identification of an unexpectedly potent congener of cis-3-methylfentanyl to some of the more recent work involving the four pure cis-stereoisomers and ligands derived from cis-A-ohmefentanyl. While an effort is made to place the discovery of ohmefentanyl into the context of earlier work on 4-anilidopiperidines and then to follow a chronological sequence of events, the review has been organized so that related work from different groups is covered in the same section. Some of the initial biological data on ohmefentanyl from the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica was summarized previously in a short review [1].