bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Silver Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis, Characterization, Blood Compatibility and Protoscolicidal Efficacy against Echinococcus granulosus
Authors: Jalil Parwin Jalal
Published: September 2021

Spillage of protoscoleces within hydatid fluid during surgery for hydatid cyst is the main reason for its recurrence. Therefore, to inactivate the protoscoleces, various scolicidal substances have been tested. However, novel and more efficient agents are needed owing to several associated complications. This study focused on the effects of green synthetic Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Zizyphus spina- christi leaves on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. Also, to evaluate the blood compatibility of Ag NPs. The Ag NPs were identified by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Visible) spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy imaging, and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Hydatid fluid was aspirated aseptically from cysts of infected sheep liver. The protoscoleces were exposed to Ag NPs at several concentrations. Also, scanning electron microscopy for ultrastructural changes and in vitro erythrocytes lysis was performed. The Ag NPs were spherical; the particles' size reached 50 nm, and presented a surface plasmon peak around 460 nm. The current study's findings indicated the powerful in vitro scolicidal efficacy of the green biosynthesized AgNPs. Several morphological alterations were observed on the protoscoleces by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Lysis of RBCs at different doses of Ag NPs was significantly (P≤0.05) less than the positive control value, thus proposing its biocompatibility. This work suggests that chemicals like polyphenols present in the extract of Z. spina- christi act as reducing and stabilizers agents to create Ag NPs Nevertheless, further investigations are needed to investigate the Ag NPs scolicidial effects in animal models.
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UNIVERSITAS MATARAM
Authors: Salmah Emi , Fadliyanti Luluk , Sriningsih Siti
Published: September 2021

Berwirausaha dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi dan media sosial yang ada, seperti saat ini semua orang dapat dengan mudah mengakses bahkan memiliki akun media sosial yang dapat digunakan untuk berbagi informasi baik berupa foto ataupun vidio. Instagram merupakan salah satu media sosial yang paling diminati para generasi milenial dan banyak menggunakan 4 platform media sosial, yakni Instagram, Snapchat, Youtube dan Fecebook. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar  pengaruh pemanfaatan media sosial instagram terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Mataram. Pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel dependen komunitas online (X1), secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel independen minat berwirausaha (Y), sedangkan variabel interaksi (X2), dan variabel aksesabilitas (X3) secara parsial masing – masing berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat berwirausaha (Y). Dan secara simultan semua variabel dependen komunitas online (X1), interaksi (X2), dan aksesabilitas (X3) secara bersamaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat berwirausaha (Y). Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil deteksi asumsi klasik menunjukkan kondisi model tidak dalam masalah multikoloniaritas, tidak mengandung heteroskedastisitas dan menunjukkan kondisi normal.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PENINGKATAN LAJU PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK (DATA SP2020) TERHADAP PENGENDALIAN KUANTITAS PENDUDUK DI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Fuadi Helmy
Published: September 2021

SP2020 mencatat penduduk Indonesia pada September 2020 sebanyak 270,20 juta jiwa. Sejak Indonesia menyelenggarakan Sensus Penduduk yang pertama pada tahun 1961, jumlah penduduk terus mengalami peningkatan. Hasil SP2020 dibandingkan dengan SP2010 memperlihatkan penambahan jumlah penduduk sebanyak 32,56 juta jiwa atau rata-rata sebanyak 3,26 juta setiap tahun

Dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun terakhir (2010–2020), laju pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia sebesar 1,25 persen per tahun. Terdapat perlambatan laju pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar 0,24 persen poin jika dibandingkan dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk pada periode 2000–2010 yang sebesar 1,49 persen
KEBUTUHAN DAN PENGELOLAAN HARTA DALAM MAQASHID SYARIAH
Authors: Irwan Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang kebutuhan dan pengelolaan harta dalam Maqashid syariah. Harta merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok bagi manusia, karena akan menentukan kualitas kehidupannya baik masa sekarang maupun masa mendatang. Harta yang dimiliki oleh manusia harus memberi kemanfaatan (maslahah) baik bagi dirinya maupun bagi orang lain dan menghindari terjadinya kerusakan (mufsadat) yang dapat merugikan manusia itu sendiri. Maslahah merupakan tujuan syariah (maqashid syariah) dan menjadi inti utama dari syariah itu sendiri  dan bersifat umum dan universal. Pengelolaan harta bagi manusia dimaksudkan untuk menggunakan harta dan membelanjakan sesuai dengan perencanaan. Pengelolaan harta dilakukan dengan mendistribusikan dan tidak menimbunnya karena berdampak pada terganggunya aktivitas ekonomi. Distribusi harta dan tidak menimbun dapat menghindarkan manusia dari sikap pelit, kikir, sombong dan individualis. Pengelolaan harta terdapat terdapat 5 langkah yang dilakukan yaitu  Wealth creation/Accumulation atau penciptaan harta; (2) Wealth Consumption atau konsumsi harta; (3) Wealth purification atau penyucian harta; (4) Wealth Distribution atau distribusi harta; dan (5) Wealth protection atau perlindungan harta.
500 anos de evangelização da América Latina
Authors: Beozzo José Oscar
Published: September 2021

Na história humana, a MEMÓRIA, aquilo que "nossos pais nos contaram” (Sl 44,2), desempenha um papel fundamental. Ela ajuda a resistir nos momentos difíceis, a recobrar a esperança nas horas incertas, a descobrir caminhos novos quando parece que os horizontes se fecham. A memória, se é profética e livre, está sempre prenhe de futuro, trazendo para o hoje das comunidades, os exemplos fecundos do passado. A memória serve também para evitarmos os erros já cometidos e, se possível for, repará-los.
O conflito dos modelos de evangelização para a América Latina
Authors: Boff Leonardo
Published: September 2021

O ano de 1992 significa para os latino-americanos uma data polêmica. Há os que celebram 500 anos de descobrimento e de incorporação das terras descobertas pelos navegadores europeus à cultura européia. É a visão daqueles que estão nas caravelas e aportaram a 12 de outubro de 1492 na Hispaniola (hoje Santo Domingo). Para estes, com a data dos 500 anos, se celebram a dila¬tação da fé e a expansão dos valores da civilização ocidental...
Evangelizar os pobres e os outros a partir de suas culturas
Authors: Suess Paulo
Published: September 2021

A fome do pobre e a agressão ao outro ameaçam a vida de povos, civilizações e indivíduos. A pobreza, como resultante da assimetria estrutural no plano sócio-econômico, é uma patologia social a ser combatida. Já a alteridade representa uma riqueza a ser defendida, uma arma de resistência contra as forças reducionistas da racionalidade tecnocrática e neocolonial de sistemas e instituições. A igualdade participativa e a solidariedade universal visam, ao mesmo tempo, a superação da assimetria sócio-econômica, que gera pobreza e miséria, e o reconhecimento da alteridade do índio, do negro, do cigano, da mulher e de tantos outros. É claro, o outro pode também ser um pobre. Porém, a distinção da realidade sócio-econômica do pobre da realidade cultural do outro permite diferenciar os métodos e reforçar os argumentos em defesa de ambos...
DETERMINASI TRANSFER PRICING PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Oktaviyanti Dinda , Widiastuti Ni Putu Eka , Wijaya Satria Yudhia
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of income tax, tunneling incentive, and debt covenant on transfer pricing indications. The research population uses manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2019. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling method. The study used 105 observational data. Logistic regression is a data analysis technique used in this study. The results of the study show that there is an effect of tunneling incentive, which is measured by the amount of foreign share ownership that exceeds 20% on transfer pricing. However, this study cannot prove the effect of income tax, as measured by the different box tax and debt covenants, as measured by the debt to equity ratio on transfer pricing.
USING CONCEPT MAPPING TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION AT THE FIRST GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 7 AMBON
Authors: Que Stella Rose
Published: September 2021

Reading is complex interaction between the reader and text. Actually reading is not a simple one, because in this skill, students do not only read a text but also try to understand the message or information about the text they learn. In reading process students must know what they get from a passage. This study was conducted to determine students’ improvement in reading comprehension by using concept mapping Technique. The result shows that this technique can be used to improve students reading comprehension of SMA Negeri 7 Ambon especially class X is successful. Although there were some problems which raised during teaching learning process but collaboration between English teacher and the writer help this study going smoothly. Through the technique the students can organize and identify information deeply in the text before they come to reading activity. Besides, this technique has good influenced in group discussion where the students can share their ideas and work actively to fill concept mapping sheet. The students also show positive responses toward Concept Mapping technique in the teaching learning process so the result in the class is more lively and enjoyable
COMPARATIVE LITERARY WORKS, LANGUAGE LEARNING AND CHARACTER BUILDING OF LEARNERS
Authors: Litualy Samuel Jusuf , Serpara Henderika
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to express efforts to use comparative literary works as a medium in language learning, and at the same time as a means for the formation of the character of learners. The benefits of comparative literature, among others: (1) as the basis of the study of cross-cultural literary works, (2) as the basis or basis of language skills learning (Sprachfertigkeiten) namely: listening (Hӧrverstӓndnis-Sprechfertigkeit), reading-writing (Leseverstӓndnis-Schreibfertigkeit), (3) as a means of strengthening character education. As the basis for cross-cultural text studies, comparative literary works can be used to compare cultures between nations. As the basis of language learning, comparative literary works, has a uniqueness that is not possessed by other linguistic teaching materials, because the language of literary works has a connotative characteristic (figurative), contains majas, and prioritizes the characteristics of narrative discourse. Language in literary works prioritizes its main function, which is communicative function and suitable to be used to teach language skills. Furthermore, as a means of strengthening character education, literary works are worthful, which can be used to provide value strengthening for learners as the future generation of the nation.
IMAGE MEDIA AND THE RESULTS OF LEARNING OUTCOMES OF KONTRASTIVE KULTURKUNDE COURSES OF THE STUDENTS OF GERMAN LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM, FKIP PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY, AMBON
Authors: Costansa Tamaela Ida , Sarbunan Melanius
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the use of image media on the learning outcomes of students of the German Language Education Study Program in Kontrastive Kulturkunde courses that use image media and those that do not use images. The use of image media applied in this study follows what Macaire and Hosch (2004: 67) have suggested about the function of images, that images can reactivate students' initial knowledge (Vorwissen der Schülerinnen und Schüler), show similarities/authenticity (Authentizität) and indicate actual situations (Aktualität), a communicative perspective image of an object and a representative image, which is a visual that depicts the state of nature and people's lives. (Perspektive und Repräsentativität) and which have similarities or differ with their own culture (Nähe oder Ferne zur eigenen Kultur). This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of students in Kontrastive Kulturkunde courses. The type of this research used is experiment with one group pretest - posttest design with t-test analysis technique with significance level α = 0.05. Testing the effectiveness of this study is with the use of image media. The target of this study was 20 students of semester 4, German Language Education Study Program FKIP Pattimura University Ambon in Kontrastive Kulturkunde courses. The result of the calculation appears that, tcount > ttable=1,729 which is 11,103 > 1,729. Based on the results of the calculation it can be said that, there is a noticeable difference between the value after and before the application of the image media
Coronary artery dissection after exercise stress
Authors: Fursov A. N. , Gaidukov A. V. , Chernov S. A. , Potekhin N. P. , Makeeva T. G. , Zakharova E. G. , Lyapkova N. B. , Sokolyansky N. V.
Published: September 2021

The article represents data on the frequency and causes of coronary artery dissection. The types of dissections and approaches to their treatment are given. A case of dissection of the right coronary artery (type F) in a young man after signifi cant physical stress with the development of type 2 myocardial infarction is described. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stenting of the remaining dissection of the proximal segment of the right coronary artery made it possible to prevent the recurrence of the disease.
Y-en-Roux reconstruction in abdominal surgery: historical retrospective of operative method’s evolution. Part II
Authors: Evseev M. A. , Fomin V. S , Klishin I. M. , Evseev A. M.
Published: September 2021

This historical review is more focused on the analysis of highly relevant, unique method proposed by A. Wölfl er, E. Doyen and C. Roux more than 140 years ago. We also try to present main facts and the chronology of Y-reconstruction of the digestive tube concept’s development. Hereby we present historical retrospective of theoretic concept creation, experimental confi rmation and initial clinical experience of Y-shaped reconstruction of the digestive tube on Roux-en-Y-loop, stages of concept evolution and development from the end of the 19th century and continuing into current times. Scientifi c research of surgical gastroenterology, oncology, pancreatology and hepatobiliary surgery founders, expand application of Roux-en-Y-reconstruction from distal resection of the stomach and gastroenterostomy to gastrectomy, repeated operations on the upper part of the digestive tube, the formation of biliary-enteric and pancreatic anastomosis, and the use in the routine practice of bariatric surgery.
PROVAS DE CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA DA UNICAMP CONTRIBUEM PARA MUDANÇAS NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS? UMA ANÁLISE DO VESTIBULAR 2019
Authors: Cunha Rodrigo Bastos
Published: September 2021

Embora as pesquisas sobre ensino de ciências focadas nas relações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade já estejam bastante consolidadas e tenham contribuído para concepções de ensino voltadas para a cidadania e a tomada de decisão, sabe-se que o ensino nas escolas básicas é fortemente pautado pelo que cobram os exames de acesso ao ensino superior, como o Enem e os vestibulares. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o quanto as provas de ciências da natureza do vestibular da Unicamp incorporam os pressupostos do ensino CTS que aparecem nos currículos de ciências da natureza e, consequentemente, sua influência em mudanças no ensino de ciências. Trata-se de uma análise qualitativa do vestibular 2019 sob a ótica da relação entre letramento científico e ensino CTS estabelecida por pesquisadores do ensino de ciências. O resultado da análise mostra que, em geral, o que é cobrado nessas provas não envolve participação ativa em tomada de decisão.
Scham und Beschämung in (u.a. psychoanalytischen) Institutionen
Authors: Küchenhoff Joachim
Published: September 2021

Im folgenden Beitrag werden einleitend einige psychoanalytisch wichtige Charakteristika der Scham zusammengetragen. Drei Dimensionen stehen dabei im Zentrum: der Blick des Anderen, die Erfahrung des Mangels und schließlich die Versuche, Scham abzuwehren. Es schließt sich eine kleine Kulturgeschichte des Esels an, um zu beschreiben, was der Andere mit seinem Blick und anderen Maßnahmen tut, um aus mir, der ich mich durchschaut fühle, einen Esel zu machen – kurz, es geht um die Schamverursachung, die Bloßstellung, die Beschämung. Im dritten Teil werden institutionelle Beschämungspraktiken untersucht. Im vierten wird dargelegt, warum psychoanalytische Erfahrung so schamsensitiv ist. Der abschließende fünfte Teil richtet sich auf Scham und Beschämung in der psychoanalytischen Weiterbildung.
Scham – ein philobatisch-oknophiles Dilemma
Authors: Warsitz Rolf-Peter
Published: September 2021

Ausgehend von einer phänomenologischen und begriffsgeschichtlichen Analyse der Scham, die die Dialektik von Sehen und Gesehenwerden in den Mittelpunkt rückt, wird nach der besonderen Ausprägung gefragt, die das Schamphänomen im psychoanalytischen Prozess annimmt – als Schamaffekt in Übertragung und Gegenübertragung. Phänomenologisch stellt sich die Scham als Konstitution des Subjekts im Blick des Anderen dar. Klinisch-psychoanalytisch manifestiert sie sich als Angst, speziell als Trennungsangst (L. Wurmser, J. Steiner). Wir können sie als Dialektik der Objektbeziehung im Wunsch nach Anlehnung und in der Flucht vor Nähe (Oknophilie-Philobatismus-Dilemma nach M. Balint) fassen. In der Tradition der Psychoanalyse Lacans stellt sich das Schamdilemma als Dynamik von Selbsterkenntnis und -verkennung in der Spiegelidentifikation dar. Das philobatisch-oknophile Dilemma wird nun klinisch bzw. literarisch am Beispiel der Scham der Io in Aischylos’ Prometheus in Fesseln sowie anhand einer klinischen Fallvignette des Analysebeginns einer Analysantin mit einer schamhaft verdeckten Körperbildstörung illustriert. Die klinischen Beobachtungen zeigen, dass sich die Dialektik des Begehrens in seiner Schamversion von Sehen und Gesehenwerden nicht als tödliche Vernichtungsdynamik vollziehen muss, sondern als Anerkennung des Begehrens kurativ verlaufen kann.
Antisemitismus
Authors: Auerochs Bernd
Published: September 2021

Der Beitrag nimmt die tiefe Verankerung des Antisemitismus in der westlichen geistigen Tradition in den Blick. Projektion und Verleugnung des eigenen Seins erweisen sich als die Hauptmerkmale ebenso des traditionellen Antijudaismus wie des modernen Antisemitismus; sie können bis auf die Entstehung des Christentums in der Antike zurückverfolgt werden. Das untersuchte Textmaterial besteht aus frühchristlicher Literatur und einigen klassischen antisemitischen Schriften der letzten beiden Jahrhunderte.
O CENÁRIO DAS LIGAS ACADÊMICAS DE ESTOMATERAPIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Alvarez Adriana Bispo , Alves Cícera Clareliz Gomes , Cavalcante Viviane Mamede Vasconcelos
Published: September 2021

A busca pelo aprofundamento em áreas específicas tem crescido substancialmente na formação profissional, com o intuito de investigar e compartilhar conhecimentos, em conjunto com a participação ativa em atividades práticas, de modo a preservar a indissociabilidade do tripé ensino-pesquisa-extensão1. Por meio dessa percepção, adotaram-se estratégias que promovessem imersão e articulação do conhecimento entre teoria e prática, mediante a criação de Ligas Acadêmicas (LA), que consistem em organizações caracterizadas por estatuto próprio, isenta de fins lucrativos, compostas por acadêmicos e orientadas por profissionais integrantes de determinadas instituições, de forma extracurricular.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN MODEL EXAMPLES NON EXAMPLES DITINJAU DARI PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA SMP
Authors: Mendrofa Ratna Natalia
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah model examples non examples dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen semu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Swasta Pembda 2 Gunungsitoli Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII-2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan VII-1 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes pemahaman konsep matematis. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistika inferensial. Berdasarkan rata-rata hasil postest untuk tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa diperoleh kelas eksperimen 80,30 sedangkan pada kelas kontrol 63,00. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa menerapkan model examples non examples pada proses pembelajaran matematika lebh efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa.
On parasite fauna of the European beaver
Authors: Andreyanov O. N. , Postevoy A. N. , Khrustalyov A. V. , Sidor E. A. , Timofeeva O. G.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is identification of the current parasitological situation for Eurasian beavers inhabiting the Central Russia.

Materials and methods. The work was carried out on hunting farms and in specially protected areas of the Central Russia. Potentially infective material was collected, recorded and preserved from animals during 2015–2021. The age of the animals was determined by their weight and physiological state of the rodents’ teeth and internal organs, and the sex was determined by their genitals. The animals were examined according to the method of complete and partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin.

Results and discussion. A total of 41 animals were examined. Three forms of parasitism on animals were identified in natural habitat, namely, the trematode Stichorchis subtriquetrus, the nematode Travassosius rufus, and the ectoparasite Platypsyllus castoris. The stichorchosis causative agent localized in the animal’s large intestine was diagnosed in 35 rodents (85.4%). The helminth infection was 96% in the Eurasian beaver and 68.7% in the Canadian beaver. The nematode infection in stomach was detected in 31 animals (75.6%). The infection by T. rufus was 88% in the Eurasian beaver, and 56.3% in the Canadian beaver. The infected animals were delivered from the Vladimir, Moscow, Ryazan, Tula and Yaroslavl Regions. The beaver beetle P. castoris was found in 6 animals (14.6%). The infection rate was 8% in the Eurasian beaver, and 25% in the Canadian beaver. Animals with wingless arthropods have been identified in the Moscow and Ryazan Regions.
Regression mathematical modeling of the population of mouse-like rodents, hosts of blood-sucking arthropods in the Non-Black Earth Zone by the example of the Kaluga Region
Authors: Vasilevich F. I. , Nikanorova A. M. , Kalmykov V. V. , Selyutina A. I.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is a regression mathematical modeling of the population of small mammals, hosts of ixodid ticks in the Kaluga Region, which allows assessing the likelihood of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases.

Materials and methods. For 10 years (from 2009 to 2019), a 2k multifactorial experiment was performed in the field by the method of V. V. Kalmykov (2016). The study object was mouse-like rodents that are the most common in the Kaluga Region. Rodents were counted by standard methods using techniques of V. N. Shnitnikov (1929), P. B. Yurgenson (1934) and A. N. Formozov (1937). The generally accepted steel spring traps were used. Animals were counted throughout all habitats.

Results and discussion. Regression mathematical models of the mouse-like rodent population were obtained depending on the average monthly temperature, precipitation and atmospheric pressure for the year in the Non-Black Earth Zone by the example of the Kaluga Region. The specific nature of the obtained analytical model is that the greatest influence on the population of small mammals is made by the interaction effect of two factors, temperature and atmospheric pressure. Their impact is more significant than the influence of each of the three study factors separately, in particular, it is stronger than the only influence of temperature by 1.02, the only impact of precipitation by 2.58, and the only impact of atmospheric pressure by 2.72. The analytic mathematical model allows us to calculate, without significant material or time costs, populations of mouse-like rodents not only in the Kaluga Region, but also in regions with similar climate conditions.
Josafat Kuntsevych and “Marvelous Conversion” of the Patriarch Nikon: The Story of one Legend
Authors: Korzo Margaritа A.
Published: September 2021

The hagiographic works of the late 17th — first half of the 18th century related to the figure of the first martyr of the Uniate Church in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Josaphat Kuntsevych (1580–1623), describe the “miraculous conversion” of the Patriarch of Moscow Nikon (1605–1681) to Catholicism. This event is associated with Nikon’s profanation of the image of Josaphat, and the subsequent repentance of the Patriarch and his appeal to the intercession of Kuntsevych. The conversion of Nikon, according to the Uniate hagiographers, became the main reason for the subsequent disgrace and detronization of the Patriarch. The description of this “miracle” created around 1672 (Korona złota nad głową zranioną b.m. Iozaphata Kuncewicza, Wilno 1673) is overgrown later with various details and circumstances that are born of rumors and speculations, but also reflect a certain historical reality, albeit in a somewhat distorted form. The article analyzes the latest known version of the “miracle” (S. P. Ważyński, Kazanie na uroczystość Bł. Jozafata Kuncewicza, Wilno 1762) and discusses the stages of different plot lines formation. Assumptions are made about which real events could influenced the folding of the legend, and why this legend is especially actualized in the Uniate hagiography of Kuntsevych in the middle of the eighteenth century.
Mitrofan Ivanovich Retivov: Russian emigrant doctor about the life of a Bulgarian village in the 1920s
Authors: Gusev Nikita S.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the memoirs of Mitrofan Ivanovich Retivov about his life in the 1920s in Bulgaria. The unpublished memoirs were written shortly after moving out of the country. They tell about the fate of the Russian emigration, its difficult life and gradual decomposition. All this the author observed while working in Russian hospitals in Nessebar and Lyaskovets. The memoirs also contain interesting information about the life of Bulgarian peasants, which Retivov studied well — he served as a doctor in several villages (Mericleri, Sushitsa, Archara). The author notes the craving for the achievements of scientific medicine along with the preservation of traditions in the behavior of peasants (collective visits to the doctor, unwillingness to undress, faith in healers) and their everyday life (poor conditions in homes and diet, lack of interest in art). At the same time, Retivov had to face difficulties caused by local bureaucracy and competition from Bulgarian colleagues. The fate of the author of the memoirs is quite significant for Russian doctors-emigrants in Bulgaria — by the end of the 1920s, most of them moved from villages to cities or left the country. Therefore, the article reconstructs the life path of M. I. Retivov, who was born in Don stanitsa and then lived in exile in Bulgaria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Paraguay and found his last shelter in Argentina.
The First Book about the Czechoslovak Republic in the USSR: “The Modern Czecho-Slovakia” by Pavel N. Mostovenko
Authors: Stankov Nikolaj N.
Published: September 2021

The article dwells upon the book “The Modern Czecho-Slovakia” by Pavel N. Mostovenko — the Soviet representative in Prague from June, 1921 till February, 1923. The author of the article supposes that Mostovenko began to work on this book immediately after his return from Czechoslovakia in the spring of 1923 following his fresh impressions and having all the necessary materials. All the chapters of this book embraced a wide range of problems: a brief history of Czechia, the foundation of the Czechoslovak Republic, its social and economic development, the financial system, the constitution of 1920 and the functioning of the state machinery, the leading political parties, the relations among different ethnic groups, home and foreign policy. In the USSR Mostovenko’s book was the first attempt at interpreting the history of the Czechoslovak Republic from the point of view of the communist ideology. At the same time, the author of the article states that in Mostovenko’s book quite a few aspects of the development of Czechoslovakia at the beginning of 1920s are interpreted in a way different from the documents of Comintern and the Soviet press of that period. The author of the article proves that Mostovenko on the basis of the analysis of the international relations in Central Europe after World War I predicted that in case of an essential breach of the balances of powers in the Versailles system of international relations, Czechoslovakia would became its first victim and neither France nor the allies in the Little Entente would help it. Exactly this happened in 1938.
Some Preliminary Considerations for the Legal-Economic Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Méndez Reátegui Rubén , Tabra Ochoa Edison
Published: September 2021

This review article presents some preliminary considerations and describes the evolution of corporate social responsibility, which is necessary for an informed study of this “tool”. In that sense, the authors resort to a preliminary exploration of the conceptual framework of the legal-economic approach presenting social responsibility and the relationship that subsists with “property rights”, the relevance of “transaction costs”, among other aspects. They also explore the interrelation between social responsibility and its forms of legal exercise and its characterization in areas that involve linking it with workers, unions, and consumers. The aim is to highlight its importance and build a contribution where social responsibility will be studied from an analytical and empirical perspective. Thus, it is sought to conclude that the company considers implementing and complying with good corporate governance standards since they expand the shared vision of business management, effectively allocating resources to obtain the most significant benefits of establishing a corporate social responsibility regime.
Masyarakat Sebagai Penyebab Terjadinya Pencemaran Air di Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Noraidarayanti
Published: September 2021

Pencemaran air sangat marak terjadi di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, pencemaran air ini disebabkan oleh pembuangan sampah disungai, pembuangan limbah oleh industri-industri perusahaan dan lain sebagainya. hal tersebut sangat besar dampaknya terhadap pencemaran air. Seperti yang kita ketahui masyarakat di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan mayoritas memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari memanfaatkan air sungai. Namun sekarang karena beberapa sungai terdampak pencemaran air sehingga masyarakat tidak dapat memanfaatkan air sungai, walaupun ada beberapa masyarakat yang masih memanfaatkan air sungai. Hal tersebut akan berdampak bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini memberikan gambaran ataupun penjelasan mengenai penyebab dari terjadinya pencemaran air, dengan menggunakan studi literatur dalam melakukan penulisan pada artikel ini. Pada penulisan artikel ini dapat menghasilkan pembahasan mengenai penyebab dari terjadinya pencemaran air dan keterkaitan antara masyarakat dengan pencemaran air yang terjadi di Kalimantan Selatan.
Setting expectations: Building the blocks of phonemic awareness
Authors: Oga-Baldwin W. L. Quint , Nakao Kaori , Fryer Luke K.
Published: September 2021

Young learners require developmental benchmarks to improve awareness of the phonemes in a new language. This study aimed to extend our understanding of Japanese elementary school students’ general and specific phonemic awareness across four years of English instruction. A public elementary school 3rd-6th year students in Japan (n=261, ages=8–12) participated in this study. The phoneme-identity test used consisted of fifteen items employing words during students' regular English classes. The effect of year on achievement and the difference between grades was tested. There was a significant effect of students' year on test score (p<.05). While there were no statistically significant difference years 4-5, and between years 5-6, students’ phonemic awareness increased two-year increments. Moreover, patterns of specific phoneme difficulties were identified. The present study provides preliminary guidelines for understanding the intersection between first and foreign languages, instructional context and their shared contribution towards listening and reading development in primary schools.
How theory can go wrong: The case of simplicity and likelihood in perception
Authors: Kubovy Michael
Published: September 2021

This article consists of two parts. The first is a reconstruction of the opposition between explanatory principles in perception: simplicity and likelihood. The second offers a resolution of this long-standing debate.1. The debate. After Mach presented his balanced and prescient views about likelihood and simplicity, a schism occurred between two camps: the Helmholtzian/Inferential camp — which emphasized the role of likelihood and discounted the role of simplicity — and the Gestaltist/Goodness camp — which emphasized the role of simplicity and discounted the role of likelihood. An analysis of the debate leads us to conclude that the opposition between the two is illusory and that the debate is fruitless.2. Resolving the debate by reformulating the question. We propose to treat perceptual systems as model-building devices that can produce models of varying degrees of complexity. Such models can be assessed in two ways: (a) the goodness of their fit to the information being modeled (the minimiza- tion of “bias”), which is greatest when the model is complex, and (b) their stability from situation to situation (the minimization of “variance”), which is greatest when the model is simple. After showing how model-building devices can balance these opposing criteria, we summarize evidence that perceptual systems do not minimize bias and an experiment that might serve as a model for empirical research on this question.
The Effects of Climate Extremes on Health: A Literature Review
Authors: Khoi Nguyen D. , Le T. Trang  , Huong Hoang T. T. , Huong Nguyen T. , Hang Nguyen K. , Nguyen My , Le Kien
Published: September 2021

We assess contemporary research on the societal implications of catastrophic weather events during the previous century, and we link it to changes in associated meteorological phenomena. The fundamental conclusion drawn from the literature is that most studies find that climate extremes cause significant losses in health, as measured by excess mortality. Most estimates of the costs of weather and climatic extremes show rising losses over the last several decades. The majority of related weather and climate extremes, on the other hand, show no comparable increases over time. This shows that rising losses are mostly the result of increased susceptibility as a result of a range of developments, such as an increase in population in high-risk coastal areas.
Pleasure vs. Identity: More Eating Simulation Language in Meat Posts than Plant-based Posts on Social Media #foodtalk
Authors: Davis Tess , Papies Esther K.
Published: September 2021

Current levels of meat consumption in Western societies are unsustainable and contribute to the climate emergency. However, most people are not planning to reduce their intake. Here, we examine the language used on social media to describe meat and plant-based foods, since the ways people think and communicate about food could hinder the transition towards sustainable eating. We analysed the degree to which the language in food posts reflects eating simulations, which have been found to be associated with desire for foods. In two studies, we analysed the words used in Instagram post caption text (NStudy1 = 682) and hashtags (NStudy1 = 852; NStudy2 = 3104). As hypothesised, meat posts contained more eating simulation words than plant-based and vegetarian posts, which instead contained more health and identity words. This pattern may reflect polarization surrounding sustainable foods, which may hinder the shift towards plant-based diets needed to curb climate change.
Kinh tế Việt Nam: Thăng trầm và Đột phá
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: September 2021

Kinh tế Việt Nam: Thăng trầm và Đột phá
Restauración de Imágenes mediante Ecuaciones Diferenciales Parciales
Authors: Sierra Omar Becerra , Otero Gomez Daniel , Mateus C Rafael , Prato Ricardo
Published: September 2021

El proceso de "inpainting"se refiere al proceso de rellenar los datos que faltan en una región dañada de una imagen con el objeto de reconstruir las partes faltantes de tal manera que la región pintada no pueda ser detectada por un observador causal. De este concepto nace la necesidad de encontrar un algoritmo de pintado que repare automáticamente la zona dañada mediante la interpolación de la imagen. En este trabajo se abordará una técnica basada en el concepto de ecuación dife-rencial parcial de difusión del calor, en la cual aplicaremos métodos de diferencias finitas para reparar las imágenes descrito por Juan Gabriel et al. (2013) y Aubert and Kornprobst (2006), además de evaluar el rendimiento en comparaciones con diferentes esquemas. Palabras Clave: Diferencias Finitas, Métodos Numéricos, Ecuaciones Diferencia-les Parciales, procesamiento de imágenes, visión por computador.
Lopsided Blood-thinning Drug Increases the Risk of Internal Flow Choking and Shock Wave Generation Causing Asymptomatic Stroke
Authors: V R SANALKUMAR
Published: September 2021

Lopsided Blood-thinning Drug Increases the Risk of Internal Flow Choking and Shock Wave Generation Causing Asymptomatic Stroke Author Block: V R SANAL KUMAR, ISRO; S.K.Choudhary, AIIMS; P.K.Radhakrishnan, GU; Suresh Menon, GT; Vrishank Raghav, AU; K.K.N Namboodiri, Sapna E.Sreedharan, SCTIMST; Bharath R.S, Nichith C, C.Oommen, IISc; V.Sankar, IITK; A.Sukumaran, KCT; Arun K, DHMMC; A.Pal, Tharikaa R.K, AU, Abhirami R, AIMS. IntroductionConsequence of lopsided blood-thinning-drug, lowering blood-viscosity (BV), is bleeding and very frequently asymptomatic-hemorrhage (AH) and the acute-heart-failure (AHF) happen. V.R.S.Kumar et al. (2020) reported that such asymptomatic episodes are due to the internal flow choking in the cardiovascular system (CVS) at a critical blood-pressure-ratio (BPR), which is regulated by biofluid/blood heat capacity ratio (BHCR). MethodsThe closed-form-analytical-methodology is used for correlating BV, BPR, BHCR, vessel geometry and ejection fraction (EF). In vitro method is used for the BHCR estimation of healthy subjects. In silico method is used for demonstrating the Sanal flow choking. ResultsThe analytical models reveal that the relatively high and low BV are risk factors of internal flow choking. In vitro study shows that N2, O2, CO2 & Ar gases are predominant in fresh-blood samples of the healthy subjects at a temperature range of 37-400 C (98.6-1040 F), which increases the risk of flow-choking. In silico results demonstrated the Sanal flow choking followed by the shock wave generation and pressure-overshoot in a simulated artery with the divergent/bifurcation region. ConclusionsAn overdose of blood-thinning drug reduces BV and increases Reynolds number causing high-turbulence leading to the Sanal flow choking. Asymptomatic stroke could be diminished by concurrently lessening the BV and flow turbulence by rising thermal tolerance level in terms of BHCR or by decreasing the BPR. In conclusion, BPR must always be lower than 1.8257 as dictated by the lowest BHCR of the evolved gas for prohibiting asymptomatic stroke.
LOCALIZED SUSTAINABLE AND ECOFRIENDLY ENERGY GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION USING BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK: BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mia Md. Abdullah
Published: September 2021

Thepower industry of Bangladesh is not enough sustainable and eco friendly which is governed by anumber of centralized authorities The energy is received from various power plants and then route theenergy to substations and eventually to the consumers which is palpably inadequate to meet the farreaching demand This leads to the load shedding in many areas which is still a burning question from thesocio economic perspective of Bangladesh A significant percentage of people are still deprived ofuninterrupted energy supply and a many more are still out of the energy distribution network due to lackof resources The energy currently available in the country is mainly fossil fuel energy which is neithersustainable nor eco friendly and the centralized distribution of energy requires the transmission of energyat high voltages which has a lower efficiency and adds to the wastage of energy Another core problem isunauthorized connection of energy and intentional faulty meter reading submission by operators whicheventually leads to a momentous loss of revenue, and this creates a sense of skepticism among the massusers on the local authorities responsible for proper energy management From the economic perspective,it is imperative to create a sustainable sector of investment for mass people due to the current fragile stateof stock market and banking system Addressing these issues is obligatory to maintain the economicgrowth of Bangladesh as well as to elevate the lifestyle of mass people The aim of our project is to attainthese milestones by creating a localized energy generation, storage, transmission and distribution systemusing blockchain which exhibits some genuine concern on pertinent areas and solution of the issues.
Serotonin Transporter Binding in Major Depressive Disorder: Impact of Serotonin System Anatomy
Authors: Bartlett Elizabeth , Zanderigo Francesca , Shieh Denise , Miller Jeffrey , Hurley Patrick , Rubin-Falcone Harry , Oquendo Maria A , Sublette M Elizabeth , Ogden R Todd , Mann J John
Published: September 2021

Serotonin transporter (5-HTT) binding deficits are reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, most studies have not considered serotonin system anatomy when parcellating brain regions of interest (ROIs). We now investigate 5-HTT binding in MDD in two novel ways: (1) use of a 5-HTT tract-based analysis examining binding along serotonergic axons; and (2) using the Copenhagen University Hospital Neurobiology Research Unit (NRU) 5-HT Atlas, based on brain-wide binding patterns of multiple serotonin receptor types. [11C]DASB 5-HTT PET scans were obtained in 59 unmedicated participants with MDD in a current depressive episode and 32 healthy volunteers (HVs). Binding potential (BPP) was quantified with empirical Bayesian estimation in graphical analysis (EBEGA). Within the [11C]DASB tract, MDD showed significantly lower BPP compared with HVs (p=0.02). The BPP diagnosis difference varied by tract location at a trend-level (p=0.08), with MDD binding deficit strongest most proximal to brainstem raphe nuclei. NRU 5-HT Atlas ROIs showed trend-level lower BPPin MDD relative to HVs (p=0.06) and BPP diagnosis difference that varied by region (p=0.001). BPP was lower in MDD in 4/10 regions (p-values<0.05). Neither [11C]DASB tract or NRU 5-HT Atlas BPP correlated with depression severity, suicidal ideation or suicide attempt history. Future studies are needed to determine the causes of this deficit in 5-HTT binding being more pronounced in proximal axon segments and in only a subset of ROIs for the pathogenesis of MDD. Such regional specificity may have implications for targeting antidepressant treatment, and may extend to other serotonin-related disorders.
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN EMOTION REGULATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONDING TO STRESS
Authors: Griffin Siobhán M , Howard Siobhán
Published: September 2021

Instructed use of reappraisal to regulate stress in the laboratory is typically associated with a more adaptive cardiovascular response to stress, indexed by either: (i) lower cardiovascular reactivity (CVR; e.g., lower blood pressure); or (ii) a challenge-oriented response profile (i.e., greater cardiac output paired with lower total peripheral resistance). In contrast, instructed use of suppression is associated with exaggerated CVR (e.g., greater heart rate, blood pressure). Despite this, few studies have examined if the habitual use of these strategies are related to cardiovascular responding during stress. The current study examined the relationship between cardiovascular responses to acute stress and individual differences in emotion regulation style: trait reappraisal, suppression, and emotion regulation difficulties. Forty-eight participants (25 women, 23 men) completed a standardised laboratory stress paradigm incorporating a 20-minute acclimatization period, a 10-minute baseline, and two 5-minute speech tasks separated by a 10-minute inter-task rest period. The emotional valence of the speech task was examined as a potential moderating factor; participants spoke about a block of negative-emotion words and a block of neutral-emotion words. Cardiovascular parameters were measured using the Finometer Pro. Greater habitual use of suppression was associated with exaggerated blood pressure responding to both tasks. However, only in response to the negative-emotion task was greater use of reappraisal associated with a challenge-oriented cardiovascular response. The findings suggest that individual differences in emotion regulation translate to differing patterns of CVR to stress, but the emotional valence of the stressor may play a role.
NIMH Roundtable Discussion - Promissory Notes and Prevailing Norms in Social and Behavioral Sciences Research (1997)
Authors: Richters John E.
Published: September 2021

Most workshops convened by the National Institute's of Health are devoted to the puzzle-solving activities of normal science,where the puzzles themselves and the strategies available for solving them are determined largely in advance by the sharedparadigmatic assumptions, frameworks, and priorities of the scientific community's research paradigm. They are designed tofacilitate what Thomas Kuhn referred to as elucidating topological detail within a map whose main outlines are available inadvance. And apparently for good reason. Historical studies by Kuhn and others reveal that science moves fastest and penetratesmost deeply when its practitioners work within well-defined and deeply ingrained traditions and employ the concepts, theories,methods, and tools of a shared paradigm. No paradigm is perfect and none is capable of identifying, let alone solving, all of theproblems relevant to a given domain of inquiry. Thus, the essential day-to-day business of normal science is not to question thelimits or adequacy of a given paradigm, but rather to exploit the presumed virtues for which it was adopted. As Kuhn cautioned inhis discussion of paradigms, re-tooling, in science as in manufacture, as an extravagance to be reserved for the occasion thatdemands it.