bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ІСТОТНІ ПИТАННЯ ПОЛІТИКИ: КУЛЬТУРНА СПАДЩИНА
Authors: Сагайдак Ольга
Published: January 2025

Аналітичний етап проєкту RES-POL дав змогу виокремити 39 істотних питань політик (ІПП), які найактуальніші для сектору «Культурна спадщина» і про які зазначали заінтересовані сторони підсекторів «Рухома культурна спадщина» (РКС), «Нерухома культурна спадщина» (НрКС), «Нематеріальна культурна спадщина» (НКС), «Пам’ять та ідентичність», «Культурна спадщина, не підпорядкована Міністерству культури». Перелік істотних питань повторно ранжували, опитавши фахівців сектору після ознайомлення з робочим документом Базового звіту. Нижче перелік подано відповідно до переважного інструмента політики. Напівжирним виділені ІПП, що, на думку фахівців, увійшли до ТОП-10.
Família, Escola e Pandemia: Dinâmicas que Influenciam o Bem-Estar Subjetivo de Adolescentes em Diferentes Contextos
Authors: Athaide Rocha Kellen Mariane , Da Silva Goulart Aline , Tavares Costa Marcio , Peterini Boeira Silvana , Souza Diogo Onofre
Published: January 2025

O bem-estar subjetivo (BES) de adolescentes é influenciado por fatores como o clima escolar e o suporte familiar, sendo particularmente afetado por crises como a pan-demia de COVID-19. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto do suporte familiar e escolar no BES de adolescentes durante a pandemia. A busca inicial gerou 215 resultados, dos quais 12 artigos empíricos foram selecionados após uma triagem rigorosa. A análise dos artigos revelou que o suporte emocional da família e o am-biente escolar positivo desempenharam um papel fundamental na resiliência emo-cional dos adolescentes. Adolescentes com acesso a redes de apoio social, incluindo professores e amigos, mostraram maior capacidade de adaptação ao ensino remoto e ao isolamento social, o que contribuiu para a manutenção de um BES mais eleva-do. Por outro lado, a falta de suporte e ambientes familiares conflituosos resultaram em maiores níveis de estresse e insatisfação com a vida. A conclusão aponta para a importância de estratégias de apoio que integrem a família, a escola e a comunidade para promover o BES dos adolescentes. Intervenções que favoreçam a resiliência e a construção de redes de apoio social são essenciais para garantir a saúde mental e o bem-estar dos jovens em tempos de crise.
ADVANCES IN NON-SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR UTERINE FIBROIDS: PATIENT-CENTERED OUTCOMES AT MARDAN MEDICAL COMPLEX
Authors: Gul Dr hemasa
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE:
Uterine fibroids significantly affect the quality of life of women, with symptoms including excessive bleeding, pain, and infertility. Non-surgical interventions have emerged as effective alternatives to invasive procedures like hysterectomy.To evaluate the outcomes of non-surgical interventions for uterine fibroids, including symptom severity, fibroid size reduction, and patient satisfaction, at Mardan Medical Complex, with a focus on patient-centered outcomes.
 
METHOD: this study was conducted after ethical aproval at  gynea b ward mardan medical complex.the study assessed demographic data, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes, including symptom relief and quality-of-life measures. data were statistically analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods, with significance determined at p < 0.05.
 
RESULT: This study analyzed data from 150 patients receiving uterine artery embolization (UAE), focused ultrasound surgery (FUS), and pharmacological therapy. UAE showed the highest symptom reduction (60%), followed by FUS (50%) and pharmacological therapy (40%). Size reduction was consistent across all modalities, with no statistically significant differences observed (p>0.05).
 
CONCLUSION:Non-surgical approaches such as UAE and FUS are effective and patient-centered alternatives for managing uterine fibroids. Tailored treatments are critical for optimizing patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes.
EFFECT OF A MIXTURE OF BIOETANOL AND 92 OCTANE FUEL ON MOTORCYCLE EXHAUST GAS EMISSIONS
Authors: Dani Agus , Winoko Yuniarto Agus , Santoso Santoso , Listiyono Listiyono
Published: January 2025

High concentrations of pollutants from incomplete combustion of motor vehicles have an impact on the surrounding environment and the health of living things. Incomplete combustion as a result of the design of the combustion chamber and the type of fuel used that does not correspond to its compression ratio. To improve the octane value of the fuel can be mixed bioethanol, because this alternative fuel is environmentally friendly. The purpose of knowing how much the change in the emission values of CO, HC, O2 and CO2 when using 92 octane fuel, and 95. additionally determines the change when using 92 octane fuel mixed with bioethanol 5, 15, 25%. The method of mixing fuel with bioethanol using splash blending method and exhaust emission testing based on dynamic method when the engine speed of 1250 to 9000rpm to obtain data. Furthermore, the test data processed by ANOVA. The result is a change in emissions of 0.07% CO, 16ppm HC, 2.3% CO2 and 0.2% oxygen at Octane 92, the change in emissions was 0.32 CO, 54ppm HC, 1.54% CO2 and 0.44% O2 when using BE25% fuel mixed with 95octane
An Infrared Emitter Driver Circuit of SAT for MILES Application
Authors: Siradjuddin Indrazno , Wahyu Aulia Nurwicaksana  , Septyana Riskitasari  , Gillang Al Azhar  , Arief Rahman Hidayat  , Rendi Pambudi Wicaksono
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the design and simulation of an infrared emitter driver circuit for the MILES (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System) application.  The circuit aims to efficiently drive a high-power IR emitter, maximizing output power while maintaining compatibility with low-power embedded systems (e.g., ESP32).  Key design considerations include the selection of an appropriate IR diode emitter, driver circuit topology (utilizing a push-pull amplifier and low-side MOSFET driver for fast switching), pulse shaping techniques to optimize rise and fall times, and thermal management strategies.  Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design in achieving high power output (4.5W) with fast switching speeds and minimal ringing, suitable for MILES applications requiring precise and rapid IR LED control.
Research on Intelligent Oil Production Technology of Electric Pump Well
Authors:   Exploration and Development Research Institute of Xingzichuan Oil Production Plant, Yanchang Oilfield Co., Ltd., Zhen Hao , Wang Zhao ,   Exploration and Development Research Institute of Xingzichuan Oil Production Plant, Yanchang Oilfield Co., Ltd., Xue Xiaobao ,   Exploration and Development Research Institute of Xingzichuan Oil Production Plant, Yanchang Oilfield Co., Ltd.
Published: January 2025

In order to explore the current application of intelligent oil recovery technology in electric pump wells and the opportunity for lower develop pent. Through reading a large number of literatures, this paper systematically summarizes the research status of related technologies at home and abroad and establishes three hot research topics: fine-tuning optimization of pump operation parameters, real-time optimization of production process and intelligent well technology under the framework of large data. Then, according to the author's many years of work experience, the application of electric pump-intelligent gas lift string technology and multi-parameter monitoring technology of submersible electric pump in offs here oilfield are displayed in a panoramic way, providing constructive suggestions for colleagues.
Web Presence of Pakistani Media Houses: A Data Science Prospect
Authors: Hanif Dr. Saima , Hassan Sana
Published: January 2025

The internet has revolutionized how media houses engage with their audiences. Pakistani media houses have embraced the web to extend their outreach, and a data-driven analysis of their web presence offers insights into their performance and strategies. This study utilizes a data science approach to evaluate the web presence of major Pakistani media houses. Various factors, including website traffic, social media influence, search engine optimization (SEO), and content engagement, are examined to understand their digital influence. It was found that Pakistani media companies have a strong online presence, but their performance varies across different platforms and metrics.
Impact of Social Media on Phubbing Behavior and Incivility: An Empirical Study
Authors: Rehman Dr. Shams-ur- , Rehman Dr. Nazia , Shehwar Dr. Durre
Published: January 2025

Due to the advent of social media, individuals are using it daily to communicate in groups and individually. However, sometimes the content of social media causes stress and as well as phubbing behavior while living in society. This behavior also causes incivil action when addressed. This study intends to examine the role of social media in phubbing behavior and civil actions. A quantitative approach was used to gather the data and data was collected from social media users hence convenience sampling was used. Data was comprised of 212 individuals. Data analysis was conducted through Spss and Amos. The results of the study show the significant impact of social media on phubbing behavior and in civil actions. The study shows that social media has a significant impact on phubbing behavior and incivility in social interactions. Future research should explore the long-term effects of these behaviors and develop strategies to promote healthier social media usage. Interventions, such as educational programs, could help reduce phubbing and incivility. However, the study is limited by its use of convenience sampling, which may not represent the wider population, and self-reported data, which may be biased. Future studies should use more diverse samples and consider qualitative approaches to better understand the causes of these behaviors.
Improving Reading Comprehension of Narrative text by Using L-B-A (Literature-based Approach) at the Ninth-grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Nunukan
Authors: Yunisah Nindya , Arifin Arifin , Ridwan Ridwan
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This research aimed to find out whether teaching ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Nunukan using a literature-based Approach can significantly improve their reading comprehension of narrative texts.
Methodology
Classroom Action Research (CAR) will be used for the study. The process of this action research is based on the Kemmis and Taggert paradigm. The concept of classroom action research-based instruction emphasizes that the research process has two connected components: the research process and the research output. This stage is completed with the intention of improving numerous flaws before re-implementing it in the subsequent cycle. It is divided into two cycles, each of which comprises four stages: preparation, execution, observation, and reflection.
Results/Findings
In this study, the pupils' reading comprehension skills in English improved and advanced. From the first cycle to the second cycle, it is discernible. Each cycle sees an improvement in the students and teacher activity. The teacher and students’ observation sheet in each meeting reach the criteria of success. The score from the observation sheet must reach a score of 80 or above to achieve the criteria of success. The minimum score has been determined and agreed by researcher and teacher collaborator. For the first cycle I to cycle II, the score for teacher teaching activities has increased. The observation sheet from the teachers and pupils was used by the researcher as backup information. Each meeting's observation form both the teacher and students meet the standards for success.
Implication
The study indicates significant enhancement in students' English reading comprehension skills across cycles, evident in discernible progress from the initial to subsequent phases. Consistent improvements in both student engagement and teaching activities are notable, meeting success criteria set in the observation sheets with a threshold of 80 points, a benchmark agreed upon by researchers and teacher collaborators.
Language Skills in Business Context: A Bibliometric Analysis Using the VOS Viewer Application
Authors: Suprayogi Yogi , Luckyardi Senny , Kurnia Dede , Khairusy Mirza Abdi
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to use VOSviewer to conduct a bibliometric examination of language skills in a business context. A quantitative description method is employed in this investigation.
Methodology
The data utilized in this study came from Google Scholar search results for the term "Language skills in business context," which were obtained utilizing the publish or perish program. The data source was taken from the Google Scholar database for the period 2013 – 2023. The total documents found during the last 10 years were 616 documents.
Results/Findings
Based on the research results, it was found that the number of publications regarding the test language skills in business contex experienced fluctuations. The results of mapping the article data produce three forms of visualization, namely network visualization, overlay, and density.
Implications
The study provides valuable insights into the evolution, methodologies, and trends within research on language skills in a business context, emphasizing the importance of bibliometric analysis in understanding scholarly landscapes.
HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN KECEMASAN DENGAN KEJADIAN OBESITAS
Authors: Ardika R Muhammad , Heltty  , Marsidin
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Aktivitas fisik menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab seseorang mengalami obesitas, beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa kecemasan menjadi salah satu pemicu terjadinya obesitas. Hasil observasi banyak siswa yang mengalami berat badan berlebih di SMAN 1 Konawe Selatan beberapa diantaranya mengatakan memiliki aktivitas fisik kurang dan sering merasa cemas.
Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dan kecemasan dengan kejadian obesitas pada siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Konawe Selatan.
Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa dan siswi kelas XI di SMAN 1 Konawe Selatan yang berjumlah 225 orang yang terdiri dari 7 kelas. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 69 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. Metode analisis menggunakan Chi-square dan Uji φ.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan kuat antara aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian obesitas X2 Hitung (24.583) ≥ X2 tabel (3.841) dengan nilai φ = 0.626, dan ada hubungan kuat antara kecemasan dengan kejadian obesitas pada siswa di SMAN 1 Konawe Selatan, tahun 2024 X2 hitung (34.735) ≥ X2 tabel (3.841) dengan nilai φ = 0.739.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan kuat antara Aktivitas Fisik dan Kecemasan dengan kejadian obesitas pada siswa di SMAN 1 Konawe Selatan, tahun 2024. Diharapkan dapat melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai faktor kecemasan yang menyebabkan kejadian obesitas pada remaja
PENGARUH TERAPI MUROTTAL AL-QUR’AN TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PENDERITA HIPERTENSI
Authors: Safitri Ramdani , Hellty  , Wulandari Dwi
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan data dari puskesmas wua-wua jumlah penderita hipertensi dalam 3 tahun terakhir terus mengalami peningkatan yakni mulai tahun 2021 sebesar 670 kasus hingga tahun 2023 mengalami lonjakan drastis menjadi sebesar 4.296 kasus. Oleh karena itu penatalaksanaan hipertensi saat ini harus berfokus pada upaya dalam mengelola kondisi tekanan darah tinggi agar mencapai rentang normal/stabil untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Pengobatan hipertensi selain terapi farmakologi, terapi non farmakologi bisa dijadikan sebagai terapi pendukung dalam mengontrol tekanan darah seperti terapi murottal al-qur’an.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh terapi murottal al-qur’an terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja puskesmas wua-wua.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasy eksperiment dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sebanyak 30 orang responden didapatkan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Uji wilcoxon digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang didapatkan. 
Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tekanan darah sistol sebelum dan setelah diberikan terapi murottal al-qur’an memiliki nilai p = 0,000 (p<0,05) dan tekanan darah diastol sebelum dan setelah diberikan terapi murottal al-qur’an memiliki nilai p = 0,000 (p<0,05) yang berarti ada pengaruh terapi murottal al-qur’an terhadap penurunan tekanan darah penderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja puskesmas wua-wua.
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini telah menunjukkan adanya pengaruh terapi murottal al-qur’an terhadap penurunan tekanan darah. Diharapkan kepada pihak puskesmas wua-wua agar menganjurkan pada pasien hipertensi untuk melakukan terapi murottal al-qur’an sebagai terapi alternatif dalam menurunkan tekanan darah.
Government Subsidy in the U.S. Mortgage Market: A Structural Analysis with Bunching
Authors:   Central University of Finance and Economics, China Economics and Management Academy, Shi Bowen , Zhao Yunhui ,   International Monetary Fund
Published: January 2025

It is crucial to better understand the U.S. residential mortgage market, where the global financial crisis originated.
In this paper, we develop an infinite-horizon continuous-time structural model to study the effects of the longstanding
and widespread Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs) mortgage default insurance subsidy on U.S.
mortgage underwriters’ equilibrium lending behaviour. Despite the richness of the model, we obtain analytical
solutions for the equilibrium loan size and interest rate. We then employ truncated loan-level data to estimate the
subsidy’s magnitude using maximum likelihood by exploiting a distinctive data feature that many borrowers bunch
at the subsidy eligibility cutoff. We find that the subsidy is about 25 basis points per dollar, reduces the equilibrium
mortgage interest rate by the same amount (3.6% of the average rate), and increases the loan size by $15,026
(10.4% of the average size). Our modelling framework and the structural estimation of this critical parameter,
the size of the GSE subsidy, enable further studies to enhance understanding of the complex U.S. housing finance
system and its significant implications for financial stability both domestically and globally.
Livro didático na Educação Infantil
Authors: Figueiredo Débora , Veloso Geisa Magela
Published: January 2025

O objetivo do trabalho é discutir os posicionamentos das professoras em relação ao uso de livro didático na Educação Infantil, captando as implicações do uso de material estruturado no trabalho pedagógico. As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Infantil (Brasil, 2010) estabelecem que as interações e a brincadeira devem ser os eixos estruturantes do currículo. O estudo configura-se como uma abordagem metodológica de natureza qualitativa. Os loci escolhidos foram os Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil (Cemei’s) de Montes Claros/MG. As participantes são professoras que atuam com crianças nesta etapa de escolarização e uma analista educacional. Os instrumentos utilizados para a produção de dados foram questionário e entrevista semiestruturada. Como resultado, constatou-se uma contradição das professoras, ao fazerem adesão aos livros didáticos, mesmo quando tomam as crianças e suas experiências como centro do processo educativo.
Educação, democracia e modernidade no movimento dos pioneiros da Educação Nova (Brasil, 1932/1959)
Authors: Carola Carlos Renato , Souza Mário Henrique Leite
Published: January 2025

O artigo explicita o ideal de democracia e modernidade nos Manifestos dos Pioneiros da Educação Nova (1932 e 1959). Os dois Manifestos são concebidos como lugares de memória onde estão cristalizados dois momentos históricos de lutas pela educação pública e defesa da democracia liberal no Brasil, no período de 1930 a 1960. Nos Manifestos, os “educadores progressistas” apresentam um diagnóstico de crise da situação da educação tradicional e propõem uma reforma que poderia direcionar e qualificar o desenvolvimento econômico e social do Brasil para o mundo da “civilização moderna”. O estudo percorreu os caminhos da História da Educação e manejou procedimentos metodológicos do método histórico, da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, na perspectiva decolonial. No conjunto de texto, aborda-se a modernidade como o canto das sereias que seduziu os educadores engajados no projeto de um Brasil democrático; explicita-se o cenário do contexto histórico e o horizonte da modernidade no pensamento e nos manifestos dos pioneiros da Educação Nova.  Em termos conclusivos, ressalta-se a importância do movimento dos pioneiros em defesa da democracia e da escola pública e laica para toda a população brasileira. Entretanto, demonstra-se também o quanto os “educadores progressistas” foram seduzidos pelo canto universalista da modernidade ocidental.
História e Inteligência Artificial
Authors: Da Silva André Luiz
Published: January 2025

Este artigo explora o impacto das inteligências artificiais na pesquisa e no ensino de História. Analisamos as percepções de 69 estudantes de graduação a partir de suas respostas ao formulário “Inteligência Artificial e Ensino de História: Formação de Professores e Práticas de Ensino”, aplicado entre os meses de junho a dezembro. Este texto apresenta uma parte substancial dos resultados da pesquisa de pós-doutoramento em Educação junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, campus de Três Lagoas. Nosso objetivo é problematizar as respostas dos discentes sobre os riscos e as possibilidades promovidos pela automação das atividades e produções do historiador, tanto na docência quanto na historiografia. As análises sobre as percepções dos respondentes são fundamentadas em uma bibliografia interdisciplinar, na crítica a materiais produzidos pela UNESCO e em legislações que abordam os usos e abusos das tecnologias de Inteligência Artificial.
A inteligência artificial na educação
Authors: Gomes Candido Alberto , Sousa Carlos Ângelo de Meneses , Fierro Maria Cecília
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa tem seu foco na educação superior durante e na transição, pós-crise pandêmica, e o uso de tecnologias da informação e comunicação no processo de ensino, sob a ótica discente. Parte-se de uma pesquisa internacional que envolveu quatro países, entre universidades públicas e privadas no Brasil, México, Portugal e Federação Russa, tendo como objeto deste artigo apenas os dois primeiros países. Em termos teóricos e metodológicos teve uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, com foco principal no conceito de capital digital. A partir dos dados obtidos da aplicação de um questionário virtual adaptado a cada realidade, foram apresentas e problematizadas as respostas discentes que evidenciaram as desigualdades existentes, afetando os grupos sociais e regionais menos privilegiados, reproduzindo e ampliando as diferenças prévias, inclusive quanto ao acesso e formas de uso das tecnologias, conforme a relação entre capital digital e condições socioeconômicas existentes entre os discentes e as regiões. Conclui-se que, se as tecnologias permitiram constituir pontes entre pessoas, também levaram ao desfavorecimento maior dos menos favorecidos.
ПОВЕЉА ВЕЛИКОГ ВОЈВОДЕ ХРВОЈА ВУКЧИЋА И КНЕЗА ИВАНИША НЕЛИПЧИЋА ШИБЕНИКУ∗∗
Authors: Исаиловић Невен
Published: January 2025

Велики војвода Хрвоје Вукчић Хрватинић и његов шурак, цетински и клишки кнез, Иваниш Нелипчић, у својству представника босанског краља Стефана Остоје, на молбу представника шибенске комуне Ивана Тавилића, Стјепана Матијевог и Ивана Мишиног, потврђују ранија права и повластице града Шибеника, посебно оне из времена угарског краља Лајоша, додајући им и нове привилегије и даровања. Комуни се трајно дају млинови на Крки око Скрадинског бука, уклања се утврђење подигнуто на шибенској територији, а Власима се забрањује улазак на територију градског дистрикта. Шибенику се, такође, додељују три села уз Крку, с обе стране реке – Дриновљане, Присап и Чулишићи, затим потврђују поседи које држе у жупанији Лука од Цркве Св. Марије у Репчу (Подребачи) до реке Гудуче и даје им се 16 жребова краљеве земље у истој жупанији. Најављена је потврда повеље од стране краља Остоје и, потенцијално, краља Ладислава Напуљског. Ауктори се обавезују да ће у случају промене врховног господара или склапања споразума са страним владарима бранити шибенске повластице.
ПОВЕЉА КРАЉА СТЈЕПАНА ОСТОЈИЋА КОЈОМ ДУБРОВНИКУ ПОТВРЂУЈЕ ЖУПУ КОНАВЛЕ И ГРАД СОКО
Authors: Крстић Александар
Published: January 2025

На молбу дубровачких посланика Паскоја Растића и Николе Пуцића, а уз сагласност и по савету краљице мајке Кујаве, властеле и велможа Босанског краљевства, краљ Стјепан Остојић у Сутјесци 4. децембра 1419. потврђује Дубровнику вечни посед Жупе Конавала и града Сокола, са свим селима, засеоцима, људима, слободама, котарима и међама. Према повељи, по половину Жупе Конавала и града Сокола Дубровачка општина је претходно купила од војвода Сандаља Хранића и Петра Павловића, док су заправо у том тренутку само Косаче продале Дубровнику свој део Конавала. Краљ је своју одлуку потврдио заклетвом на jеванђељу, са сведоцима који се наводе у повељи. Исправу, оверену висећим воштаним печатом, саставио је логотет Новак Гоjчинић. Повеља се чува у Државном архиву у Дубровнику, где постоји и препис у књизи Codex Ragusinus.
ПОВЕЉА ВОЈВОДЕ РАДОСАВА ПАВЛОВИЋА КОЈОМ ПОТВРЂУЈЕ САНДАЉЕВО УСТУПАЊЕ ПОЛА КОНАВОСКЕ ЖУПЕ ДУБРОВЧАНИМА
Authors: Рудић Срђан
Published: January 2025

Војвода Радосав Павловић потврдио је Дубровчанима, 3. новембра 1420, половину Жупе Конавли, коју им је даровао војвода Сандаљ Хранић, и град Соко у Конавлима. Повеља је сачувана у каснијем препису, који се налази у зборнику Liber Privilegiorum (Codex Ragusinus) у Државном архиву у Дубровнику. Чланак садржи текст повеље и његов превод на савремени српски језик, те поглавља у којима се анализирају дипломатичке особености повеље и просопографски подаци о личностима које се помињу у овом документу.
ДВА ДОКУМЕНТА ВОЈВОДЕ И ХЕРЦЕГА СТЕФАНА ВУКЧИЋА КОСАЧЕ ДУБРОВНИКУ О ПРИЈЕМУ ДУГА ВЛАХУШЕ ЛАТИНИЧИЋА
Authors: Фостиков Александра
Published: January 2025

Рад садржи издања, опис, дипломатичку анализу и снимке два документа војводе и херцега Стефана Вукчића Косаче Дубровнику о пријему новца на име дуга Влахуше Латиничића. У питању су једна повеља и једно писмо. Повељом се потврђује пријем дуга у висини од 700 перпера, насталог у вези са закупом царина и бродова (речних прелаза). Писмом се потврђује исплата дуга у висини од 2.047 перпера и пет и по динара, насталог поводом неког од Влахушиних бројних послова са херцегом Стефаном. У оквиру другог акта решавано је и питање сребра заплењеног на име овог дуга. I Велики војвода Стефан потврђује да је примио 700 перпера, на име исплате дуга Влахуше Латиничића насталог поводом закупа царина и бродова. II Херцег Стефан потврђује да је примио 2.047 перпера и пет и по динара, на име исплате дуга Влахуше Латиничића, као и да ће вратити заплењено сребро.
Study of ordinary buildings: revisiting the need to detail the requirements for the urban environment conservation in the historical centre of St. Petersburg
Authors: Marushina Natalia Vladimirovna , Nazarova Anna YUr'evna
Published: January 2025

Following article represents the publication of the results of the study carried out by NIiPI Spetsrestavratsiya as part of the preparation of the unified protection zones project for cultural heritage properties located on the territory of Saint Petersburg. The object of the study was the ordinary buildings created before 1957 (mainly in the historically formed central districts of Saint Petersburg), their particularities, which can be considered as a basis for detailing the existing requirements aimed at preserving the architectural and urban environment of St. Petersburg and maintaining its integrity. Ordinary buildings were considered as a sum of historically interconnected elements, united by structural, functional, historical and cultural relationships. In the course of the study, a system of categories was proposed, which was determined both by the state of individual buildings and their role in the urban environment, and by the importance of the environment itself as an independent object of protection. The six categories of buildings identified during the work differ by their historical (including memorial), architectural and urban significance. When assessing the urban environment, the state of conservation the environment itself was taken into account (historical blocks frontage lines, historical parcellation plan, volumetric and spatial parameters of the development, type of organization of the street front and inner-block spaces, historical landscaping), as well as the compliance of each of the analyzed buildings with historical urban environment characteristics. Thus, the analysis was carried out from the point of view of the value, integrity and authenticity of each building and from the point of view of its participation in maintaining the valuable qualities of the environment. As a result of the study a summary list of more than nine thousand valuable buildings, forming historical urban fabric of Saint Petersburg, and its graphic equivalent in GIS format were drawn up.
The museum as an ecosystem: synthesis of architecture, design and landscape in museum design
Authors: Fomina Elina Vladislavovna , Barsukova Nataliya Ivanovna
Published: January 2025

The object of this research is modern museum complexes located in an urban or natural environment and aimed at connecting with the surrounding space. The subject of the research is the principles and design techniques of organizing the subject-spatial environment of modern museums, existing in close unity of architecture, design and landscape. Design techniques for the formation of an integral museum environment using landscape and design methods of shaping are revealed. The study focuses on the design potential of combining the interior, exterior and adjacent territories in order to preserve regional characteristics, natural and cultural environment. The article provides a comprehensive overview and classification of design concepts of museums, reveals the principles of combining cultural and educational functions of museums with sports and recreational ones. A systematic analysis of modern museum environment projects is carried out in the unity of axiological, ecological, artistic, aesthetic and contextual approaches. Based on this, the principles of organizing the museum environment as an ecosystem are identified and classified. The authors introduce the concept of "museum ecosystem". The main features of museum ecosystems are formulated. The design methodology of an ecologically appropriate human habitat synthesizing technical, social and artistic solutions is proposed, the main methods of designing artificial ecosystems are identified using the example of modern museums. The conclusion is made about the trend of designing museum complexes as integral ecosystems, it is noted that the design of modern museum complexes, when achieving the synthesis of natural forms, design tools and high technologies, allows you to organize the museum environment as an ecosystem with high comfort indicators without disturbing the natural environment.
The formation of the CIA as a key instrument of U.S. foreign policy in the Cold War era
Authors: Panov Denis Sergeevich
Published: January 2025

The object of the scientific article is the formation of the US intelligence agency. The subject of the study is the factors that served as the starting point for the creation of the Central Intelligence Agency as a strategic and analytical center within the framework of ensuring national security and a foreign policy instrument in the context of the formation of a bipolar system of international relations. The author examines in detail the evolution of the US intelligence agencies, the historical context of World War II, the disagreements of Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt, and later Harry Truman on the post-war world order, as well as the paradigm of realism as the dominant view in American academic and political circles on international relations. Special attention is paid to the place and importance of the CIA in the formation of the US national security system, as well as the position of the political establishment on this issue.   The historical-genetic method allows us to trace the historical conditions and stages of the development of the intelligence structure in the relationship, as well as the idea of the need for such an institution at the beginning of the Cold War. The narrative method describes the history of the development of the US intelligence agencies, which led to the formation of an important foreign policy institution with broad powers to carry out state tasks. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the position that the creation of the CIA was dictated by socio-political views on the situation in the world in a certain historical period. This is reflected in the views of academic and political circles regarding US foreign policy activities. As part of the institutional reform carried out in accordance with the adopted Law on National Security, the organization was an integral and key part of the "conservative U-turn". In fact, the intelligence structure is the embodiment of the realist paradigm of international relations. The high secrecy and broad powers of the intelligence agency have formed the basis for conducting secret political activities. It has become a strategic center for the administration of covert politics, bypassing democratic principles. In turn, this consolidated the reliance on the use of force, including covert force, as the basis of American foreign policy pursuing national interests within the bipolar system of the world. The CIA became an institution whose activities were aimed at containing the USSR in the conditions of the outbreak of the Cold War.
Application of functional all-around methods based on kettlebell sport training tools in the process of physical training of cadets and students of educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs
Authors: Kolesnichenko Dmitrii Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that it is possible to ensure the development of physical qualities of students of educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs at the level required in the professional activities of an employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in a short time, in conditions of limited space and material and technical support, based on the use of functional all-around methods. With the correct construction of the training process based on such methods, the corresponding indicators increase quite significantly compared to the traditional approach to the physical training of students. The subject of the study is the functional all-around methods based on kettlebell lifting training tools, adopted for implementation in the educational process with cadets and students of educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs (using the example of the Ryazan branch of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V. Ya. Kikot). The author draws attention to the fact that the development of physical qualities of students in educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs system is characterized by qualitative specificity, caused by the need for comprehensive physical development, both in terms of strength, endurance, speed and agility, and in relation to mastering the skills of tactical and technical training. At the same time, the normatively established requirements for the level of physical development and the procedure for checking the degree of formation of the corresponding physical qualities are often interpreted as a means of limiting the methods used to solve the corresponding problems. It is substantiated that such an approach is neither strictly mandatory nor meets the needs of physical development of police officers at the present stage.
Generation of microwave-phonon and magnon-optics entangled states
Authors: XU Minghui , LIU Xiaomin , SHI Jiajia , ZHANG Chong , ZHANG Jing , YANG Rongguo , GAO Jiangrui ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: January 2025

Quantum entanglement is a key resource for performing quantum computing and building quantum communication networks. By injecting a microwave-optical dual-mode entanglement field into the system, as well as pumping the optical and microwave cavities, and by appropriately choosing the detuning relationship between the pumping field and the modes, it is shown in this work that microwave-phonon entanglement Eab and magnon-optics entanglement Ecm can be generated simultaneously in the cavity opto-magnomechanic system, and the entanglement can be in a steady state. Specifically, the model is based on a hybrid quantum system of magnons, where a microwave-light entanglement generated by an optically pulsed superconducting electro-optical device through spontaneous parametric down-conversion process is injected as the intracavity field, and a blue-detuned microwave field is used to excite the magnon modes to produce magnon-phonon entanglement. Through the interaction between an optomechanical beam splitter and microwave-magnon state-swap, steady microwave-phonon entanglement Eab and magnon-optics entanglement Ecm are successfully realized. The entanglement Eab and Ecm in the system are analyzed using the logarithmic negativity. The effects of several parameters of the system, such as environment temperature, coupling strength and dissipation rate, on the degree of entanglement are investigated. In particular, the entanglement Eab and Ecm generated in this system can exist both simultaneously and individually. Especially when gam=0, the entanglement Eab and Ecm still exist. Moreover, directly injecting entangled microwave-light into the system can significantly enhance the robustness of the entanglement against temperature, which will have broad application prospects in quantum information processing in quantum networks and hybrid quantum systems. Notably, the entanglement Eab and Ecm exist even at a temperature of 1.3 K. Our research has potential value for applications in the fields of quantum information processing and quantum networks.
Sigh generation in preBötzinger Complex
Authors: Cui Yan , Bondarenko Evgeny , Perez Carolina Thörn , Chiu Delia N , Feldman Jack L
Published: January 2025

We explored neural mechanisms underlying sighing. Photostimulation of parafacial (pF) neuromedin B
(
NMB) or gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), or preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) NMBR or GRPR neurons elicited ectopic sighs with latency inversely related to time from preceding endogenous sigh. Of particular note, ectopic sighs could be produced without involvement of these peptides or their receptors in preBötC. Moreover, chemogenetic or optogenetic activation of preBötC SST neurons induced sighing, even in the presence of NMBR and/or GRPR antagonists. We propose that an increase in the excitability of preBötC NMBR or GRPR neurons not requiring activation of their peptide receptors activates partially overlapping pathways to generate sighs, and that preBötC SST neurons are a downstream element in the sigh generation circuit that converts normal breaths into sighs.
Capsular polysaccharide restrains type VI secretion in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Flaugnatti Nicolas , Bader Loriane , Croisier-Coeytaux Mary , Blokesch Melanie
Published: January 2025

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a sophisticated, contact-dependent nanomachine involved in interbacterial competition. To function effectively, the T6SS must penetrate the membranes of both attacker and target bacteria. Structures associated with the cell envelope, like polysaccharides chains, can therefore introduce spatial separation and steric hindrance, potentially affecting the efficacy of the T6SS. In this study, we examined how the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of Acinetobacter baumannii affects T6SS’s antibacterial function. Our findings show that the CPS confers resistance against T6SS-mediated assaults from rival bacteria. Notably, under typical growth conditions, the presence of the surface-bound capsule also reduces the efficacy of the bacterium’s own T6SS. This T6SS impairment is further enhanced when CPS is overproduced due to genetic modifications or antibiotic treatment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the bacterium adjusts the level of the T6SS inner tube protein Hcp according to its secretion capacity, by initiating a degradation process involving the ClpXP protease. Collectively, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the dynamic relationship between T6SS and CPS and how they respond swiftly to environmental challenges.
Formation of malignant, metastatic small cell lung cancers through overproduction of cMYC protein in TP53 and RB1 depleted pulmonary neuroendocrine cells derived from human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Chen Huanhuan Joyce , Gardner Eric E , Shah Yajas , Zhang Kui , Thakur Abhimanyu , Zhang Chen , Elemento Olivier , Varmus Harold
Published: January 2025

We recently described our initial efforts to develop a model for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) that were differentiated to form pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs), a putative cell of origin for neuroendocrine-positive SCLC. Although reduced expression of the tumor suppressor genes
TP53
and
RB1
allowed the induced PNECs to form subcutaneous growths in immune-deficient mice, the tumors did not display the aggressive characteristics of SCLC seen in human patients. Here we report that the additional, doxycycline-regulated expression of a transgene encoding wild-type or mutant cMYC protein promotes rapid growth, invasion, and metastasis of these hESC-derived cells after injection into the renal capsule. Similar to others, we find that the addition of cMYC encourages the formation of the SCLC-N subtype, marked by high levels of
NEUROD1
RNA. Using paired primary and metastatic samples for RNA sequencing, we observe that the subtype of SCLC does not change upon metastatic spread and that production of NEUROD1 is maintained. We also describe histological features of these malignant, SCLC-like tumors derived from hESCs and discuss potential uses of this model in efforts to control and better understand this recalcitrant neoplasm.
Changing the game but keeping to the rules
Authors: Blanco Beatriz
Published: January 2025

The vulnerabilities faced by social minorities in Brazil, such as women, Black people, and LGBTQ+ people, are also very prevalent in local gaming cultures. Because of this, members of these groups organize collectives through social media to debate strategies and to provide mutual support for their esports initiatives. In the last few years, many of these activist collectives were absorbed by formal esports organizations, with some of their members now leading equality and diversity initiatives for esports in Brazil. Nevertheless, the movement from grassroots activists to PR representatives has contradictions, especially considering how social media platforms mediate the transition between activism and cause marketing. This paper aims to highlight some of these ambivalences, and how they impact the most vulnerable esports workers in Brazil.
Videogame Formalism: On Form, Aesthetic Experience and Methodology by Alex Mitchell and Jasper van Vught (Amsterdam University Press, 2023)
Authors: Backe Hans-Joachim
Published: January 2025

A review of Alex Mitchell and Jasper van Vught's Videogame Formalism. On Form, Aesthetic Experience and Methodology. Published by Amsterdam University Press, 2023. ISBN: 978-9-048-55423-2, 264 pages,
"I want to play a normal game. I don't need all this."
Authors: Assunção Carina de , Scott Michael , Summerley Rory
Published: January 2025

Esports in Portugal have been growing steadily in recent years. As in many other countries, women are significantly underrepresented in Portuguese esports. New studies with Portuguese students show conservative views towards gender roles and disinterest in prioritising diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), which contrasts with the global tendency to incorporate it in the industry. Lately, initiatives promoting DEI have populated the esports landscape. However, the communities’ response, which may impact effectiveness, remains under-examined. This work is part of a larger ethnographic project that aims to understand how the esports communities in Portugal perceive and react to DEI initiatives such as women-only tournaments or harassment awareness campaigns. This paper will discuss findings from the thematic analysis of 10 interviews with Portuguese members of an esports community. The recurring themes were (1) DEI initiatives are imposed; (2) Portugal is too small to care (about DEI); (3) nepotism; (4) self-preservation; and (5) ubiquity of online toxicity.
Who cares about esports?
Authors: Taylor Nicholas T.
Published: January 2025

Meant as both a provocation and a prompt, ‘who cares about esports?’ opens the topic up to critical scrutiny at a time when the esports industry is in the midst of a(nother) serious contraction, even as there is a sizeable jump in the breadth and amount of esports research. As the introduction to this special section on Sustaining Equitable Competitive Gaming, this article considers the interplay of these two transformations, while also opening up a third, vital line of inquiry: ‘who cares for competitive gaming?’ This question is meant, on the one hand, to underscore the difference—and the relationship—between competitive gaming and esports, while also providing an overview of the kinds of critical and timely care documented by the four articles in this special section.
Philippine Urban Rituals amidst Calendar Change
Authors:   University of the Philippines Manila, Achanzar-Labor Honey Libertine
Published: January 2025

Changes in the academic calendar have been implemented in a number of higher education institutions in the Philippines. The most obvious and pragmatic motivation for the move for change was the difficulty that students face in school during the rainy season, such as cancellation of classes during heavy rainfall events, floods, and typhoons. Additionally, there was the issue on the educational standard in the country, and the need for its educational institutions to participate much more globally, especially when it comes to foreign exchanges and scholarship grants. The decision is said though to be primarily a scholarly move, an attempt to improve its academic ranking, as well as an attempt to foster ASEAN collaboration.
This study shows the consequences of these changes on the performance of rituals – both sacred and secular – particularly in urban areas where most of the country’s premiere universities are located. The cessation or continuous pursuit of the conduct of these rituals will be discussed and analyzed to reveal individual and community valuation. Factors in the innovative conduct of some of these rituals will also be discussed.