bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Surgical Treatment in Patients with Post-traumatic Facial Nerve Palsy
Authors: Marszał Joanna , Bartochowska Anna , Gawęcki Wojciech , Szyfter Witold
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The most common mechanism of post-traumatic facial nerve palsy are road accidents and falls.
Treatment schemes as well as proper timing of surgery are still controversial.
Purpose: The aim of the study was the evaluation of the effects of surgical treatment in patients with post-traumatic facial nerve palsy. Treatment results were correlated with epidemiological factors, mechanism of injury, level of nerve damage, time of surgery and its extent.
Material and methods: 9 patients with facial nerve palsy after head trauma were analyzed. In all patients complete
paresis of the VII nerve occurred immediately after the injury. In 5 patients the nerve was damaged in the course of the longitudinal fracture of the temporal bone, in 3 as a result of its transverse fracture while in one woman there was no evident fracture line. In all cases, surgical treatment was performed between 4 days and 13 weeks after the trauma. In all cases transmastoid approach was used. Edema lesions of the nerve dominated in 6 patients, in two cases a bone fragment was noted along its course, in one person nerve was disrupted but primary reconstruction was not possible - the man was excluded from further analysis. The results of treatment were assessed by House'a-Brackmann (HB) scale 12 months after the procedure.
Results: Very good (HBI) or good (HBII) recovery of facial nerve function was achieved in 2 and 4 out of 8 patients
respectively. Surgical timing, the extent of surgery, patient’s age, mechanism of injury and level of nerve damage had no effect on the final outcome.
Conclusions: The management of post-traumatic facial nerve palsy should be individual. The commonly accepted
recommendation on surgical treatment is to undertake it in patients with immediate-onset and complete paralysis. Patients who, due to their severe general condition, cannot undergo early facial nerve decompression may benefit from delayed treatment for up to 3 months after the injury.
KEY WORDS: facial nerve palsy, facial nerve decompression, craniofacial injury, temporal bone fracture
Gospodarka platform internetowych a bhp
Authors: Skład Anna
Published: March 2021

Gospodarka platform internetowych jest umownym pojęciem używanym do określenia ogółu przedsiębiorstw, osób fizycznych oraz internetowych platform, współpracujących w modelu biznesowym, w którym platformy pełnią rolę pośredników pomiędzy pozostałymi podmiotami będącymi dostawcami i odbiorcami określonych dóbr.
W artykule omówiono część tej gospodarki, obejmującą platformy pośredniczące w odpłatnym świadczeniu usług. Wyodrębniono właściwości gospodarki platform internetowych, które wywierają wpływ na bezpieczeństwo i higienę pracy osób świadczących usługi. Stwierdzono, że sposób organizacji pracy w gospodarce platform internetowych wpływa negatywnie na poziom bhp, powodując powstanie nowych zagrożeń bądź powiększając ryzyko związane z istniejącymi. Postuluje się kontynuowanie i pogłębianie badań dotyczących bhp w gospodarce platform internetowych celem zidentyfikowania źródeł zagrożeń i opracowania środków profilaktycznych w postaci rozwiązań prawnych i organizacyjnych.
Funkcjonowanie w izolacji więziennej skazanych na ekstremalnie długie kary pozbawienia wolności a szansa na udaną readaptację po zwolnieniu
Authors: Miszewski Kamil
Published: March 2021

Więźniowie długoterminowi, a więc ci, którzy zgodnie z definicją stworzoną przez Komitet Zagadnień Prawno-Karnych Rady Europy odbywają kary pozbawienia wolności w wymiarze 5 lub więcej lat, są bardziej narażeni na wyniszczające oddziaływania izolacji więziennej. Tak twierdzi Donald Clemmer, twórca idei prizonizacji, zgodnie z którą im więcej czasu skazany spędzi w warunkach więziennych, tym bardziej zaangażuje się w subkulturę więzienną, przyjmie język właściwy dla więźniów, ich strój itd., ale także, co ważne, tak bardzo przystosuje się do życia w izolacji, że jego readaptacja będzie bardzo trudna lub wręcz niemożliwa. Badania wielu autorów nie potwierdzają tak mocno postawionej tezy, nikt też jednak nie przeczy oczywistym przypadkom uwięziennienia.
Spośród wielu dostępnych koncepcji adaptacji do warunków więziennych autor artykułu skupił się na propozycji Ervinga Goffmana. Za pomocą metod jakościowych, jak analiza akt penitencjarnych więźniów oraz wywiad, zbadał 15 polskich skazanych na ekstremalnie długie kary więzienia (minimum 20 lat). Zebrany materiał poddał analizie, a potem przypisał każdego więźnia do odpowiedniego typu adaptacji według tej typologii. Następnie, bazując na badaniach własnych oraz innych autorów, autor próbuje dociekać, jaki typ adaptacji, przyjmowany podczas długiej izolacji więziennej, ma szansę przyczynić się do skutecznej readaptacji po zwolnieniu takiego więźnia, a jaki zwiastuje niemalże pewną porażkę.
En nivådelt modell for multimodal komposisjonsanalyse av digitalt medierte sakprosatekster
Authors: Rustand Kari Anne
Published: March 2021

I denne artikkelen presenterer jeg en nivådelt modell for analyse av teksters komposisjon av flere meningsbærende uttrykksformer. Materialet er to norsk-faglige sakprosatekster, i analysen benevnt som bloggutsnitt, produsert av tredjeårs lærerstudenter i et digitalt læringsfellesskap. Modellen er selve objektet for studien, og analysene er hovedbidragene der modellen under-søkes. Sosialsemiotikk er den overordnede teoretiske anskuelsen for under-søkelsen. De meningsbærende uttrykksformene forstås dermed i sammenheng med den sosiale konteksten tekstene befinner seg i, og tolkes ut fra de sosio-teknologiske premissene for komposisjonene. Det teoretiske analyseverktøyet er forankret i Gunther Kress og Theo van Leeuwens videreutvikling av Michael Hallidays systemisk funksjonelle lingvistikk (SFL), nærmere bestemt begreper knyttet til visualitet og multimodalitet. Analysene er konkrete eksempler på hvordan den nivådelte modellen kan anvendes, og utfra analysefunn drøftes og begrunnes modellens relevans for å forstå komposisjonell meningsskaping.
Predição de Evasão Escolar na Licenciatura em Computação
Authors: De Jesus Hiago Oliveira , Rodriguez Luis Cuevas , Costa Junior Almir De Oliveira
Published: March 2021

No primeiro ano de graduação e ao longo do curso de Licenciatura em Computação, os alunos expressam grandes dificuldades nas disciplinas de programação, seja pela ausência de conhecimento prévio, dificuldades na resolução de problemas, raciocínio lógico-matemático, abstração, entre outros fatores desconhecidos. Os dados dos históricos acadêmicos dos alunos, representam dados relevantes para prever o risco de evasão na Licenciatura em Computação da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas. Diante dos elevados índices de reprovações nas disciplinas do curso, foi levantada a seguinte hipótese "É possível prever os alunos evadidos na Licenciatura em Computação?". Este artigo apresenta uma mineração de dados educacionais, cujo objetivo é a previsão de alunos com risco de evasão. Esta pesquisa seguiu a metodologia de descoberta de conhecimento em base de dados, que consistiu em selecionar e preparar os dados para o treinamento do modelo preditivo de rede neural de múltiplas camadas. Os resultados obtidos com modelo preditivo foram avaliados, por meio de métricas de avaliação de desempenho, identificou-se com 98% de precisão os alunos com risco de evadir do curso.
Implementação Paralela do Algoritmo de Geração de Chaves do Esquema de Assinatura Digital XMSS (eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme)
Authors: Araújo Thales , Panetta Jairo
Published: March 2021

Algoritmos de assinatura baseados em hash estão ganhando atenção devido a sua apregoada resistência a algoritmos quânticos. Apesar dos tempos de confecção e veriﬁcação de assinatura serem compatíveis com os tempos dos algoritmos atualmente em uso, o tempo de geração das chaves é ordens de grandeza superior. Este artigo apresenta e analisa o desempenho de duas implementações de paralelismo MIMD (Multiple Instruction Multiple Data) para acelerar o tempo de execução do algoritmo de geração de chaves do esquema de assinatura digital baseado em hash XMSS (eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme).
Um Mecanismo de Aprendizado Incremental para Detecção e Bloqueio de Mineração de Criptomoedas em Redes Deﬁnidas por Software
Authors: C. Neto Helio , Lopez Martin , Fernandes Natalia , Mattos Diogo
Published: March 2021

A mineração não autorizada de criptomoedas implica o uso de valiosos recursos de computação e o alto consumo de energia. Este artigo propõe o mecanismo MineCap, um mecanismo dinâmico e em linha para detectar e bloquear ﬂuxos de mineração não autorizada de criptomoedas, usando o aprendizado de máquina em redes deﬁnidas por software. O MineCap desenvolve a técnica de super aprendizado incremental, uma variante do super learner aplicada ao aprendizado incremental. O super aprendizado incremental proporciona ao MineCap precisão para classiﬁcar os ﬂuxos de mineração ao passo que o mecanismo aprende com dados recebidos. Os resultados revelam que o mecanismo alcança 98% de acurácia, 99% de precisão, 97% de sensibilidade e 99,9% de especiﬁcidade e evita problemas relacionados ao desvio de conceito.
An Approach for Adaptive Security of Cloud Applications within the ATMOSPHERE Platform
Authors: Da Silva Jorge , Braga Alexandre , Rubira Cecília , Dahab Ricardo
Published: March 2021

Self-protecting systems can reduce response time to known attacks by automating decision-making processes in security operations. This paper briefly describes the ATMOSPHERE platform for monitoring and enforcement of trustworthiness in cloud systems, as well as proposes a way to enhance its Trustworthiness Monitoring & Assessment framework (responsible for analyzing and planning adaptation actions) in order to instantiate the concept of adaptive security for self-protecting cloud infrastructures and applications. The paper approaches adaptive security based upon adaptive Web Application Firewalls, and enhances a software-based, feedback control loop (named MAPE-K) for monitoring and analysis of security events, as well as the planning and execution of adaptation actions for securing cloud applications. This is a work in progress, currently under development, to be integrated to ATMOSPHERE's framework.
Aceleração de Assinaturas Baseadas em Atributos para Internet das Coisas
Authors: Maia Neto Antonio , Richardson Stephen , Horowitz Mark , Oliveira Leonardo
Published: March 2021

Antes de integrar dispositivos com restrições de recursos computacionais em domínios de IoT, deve-se garantir que possuam ferramental criptográﬁco suﬁciente para estabelecer mecanismos de segurança essenciais. Neste contexto, as Assinaturas baseadas em Atributos (ABS) mostramse uma opção elegante na implementação de um esquema de autenticação e autorização. Neste trabalho discutimos diferentes abordagens para a aceleração de (ABS) considerando-se como plataforma alvo os dispositivos com restrições de recursos computacionais em domínios de IoT.
Defacebot: Uma ferramenta de detecção e notiﬁcação de ataques de desﬁguração utilizando mecanismos gerenciados por bot de aplicativo de mensagens instantâneas Uma abordagem como ferramenta de apoio ao CSIRT
Authors: Gonçalves Patrícia , Coutinho Felipe , Jaime Guilherme
Published: March 2021

O alto número de ofensivas a websites tem levado, nosúltimos anos, organizações governamentais e instituições privadas a considerar os ataques de desﬁguração como uma das principais ameaças à segurança da informação. Estes eventos podem gerar sérios prejuízos, incluindo indisponibilidade da operação e até mesmo dano à reputação institucional. Embora muitas técnicas de detecção de desﬁguração vêm sendo propostas nosúltimos anos, a disponibilização de ferramentas ainda é escassa. Este trabalho apresenta a ferramenta Defacebot. Seu objetivo é detectar desﬁgurações em websites monitorados, e imediatamente notiﬁcar os responsáveis através de mensagens enviadas para seus smartphones. Para o melhor do nosso conhecimento, esta é a primeira proposta de ferramenta totalmente baseada em software livre, integrada a uma solução gratuita de notiﬁcação.
The Effect of Pretreatment Conditioning by Mothers on Dental Behavior of Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ramazani Nahid , Mohsenzadeh Hedyeh
Published: March 2021

Background: Behavior management techniques are an integral component of pediatrics dental visits. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of child pretreatment conditioning by mothers on the dental behavior of children during dental treatment. Methods: Following a randomized clinical trial design, this study was conducted on 72 child-mother dyads, attending the pediatric dental department of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (southeast of Iran). The children were 3 to 6 years old and required pulpotomy of one asymptomatic carious primary mandibular molar under inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia. The dyads were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. Data on age and gender of children, mother’s age, and parents’ education were collected. Mothers in the intervention group received a brochure, containing information on how to prepare the child at home to better cope with the dental procedure. Those in the control group received no intervention. A one-month interval was set between the randomization and treatment. For both groups, an experienced pedodontist performed pulpotomy and stainless steel crown placement in a single session. The dental behavior of children during the operation was scored by a blind instructed and calibrated observer, using the Franckle behavior rating scale. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test in SPSS version 20 at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The child dental behavior in the intervention group was more frequently acceptable than their counterparts, and a significant difference was found between the groups (P = 0.047). The intervention was successful, regardless of the child's gender and age, mother’s age, and parents’ education (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results, dental practitioners can promote child behavior by engaging mothers to prepare their children before dental procedures.
Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Pathogens Isolated from Patients Hospitalized in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Southwestern China
Authors: Xu Lingling , Zeng Zhangrui , Ding Yinhuan , Song Min , Yang Kui , Liu Jinbo
Published: March 2021

Background: Bacteria are the most common causes of clinical infectious diseases. The distribution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates of bacteria provide important guidelines for clinical antibacterial treatment; however, the information in this region is still missing. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the distribution and AMR rates of clinical isolates from inpatients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of all non-duplicate Gram-negative bacterial (GNB) and Gram-positive bacterial (GPB) isolates collected from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018, in our hospital. Results: In total, 56,535 and 3,518 non-repetitive isolates were detected in the whole hospital and intensive care units (ICUs), respectively. The isolates included GPB (26.3% and 18.4%, respectively) and GNB (73.7% and 81.6%, respectively). The five dominant bacteria were the same in the whole hospital and ICUs, but Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii percentages were different. The detection rates of all isolates and five dominant bacteria were significantly different between the ICUs and the whole hospital (P < 0.05). The detection rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-E. coli (54.1%) was significantly higher than that of K. pneumoniae (26.1%). The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant (CR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-A. baumannii were the highest in both the ICUs (87.1% and 21.8%, respectively) and the whole hospital (65.5% and 12.9%, respectively). The methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) detection rate was high (26.5%) but showed a significant decreasing trend (P < 0.05). The detection rates of ESBL and XDR-E. coli, CRAB, and XDR-S. aureus were significantly different between the ICUs and the whole hospital (P < 0.05). Gram-negative bacteria were highly susceptible to amikacin (> 90%) and tigecycline (> 98%). Staphylococcus aureus showed 100% susceptibility to vancomycin and linezolid. Acinetobacter baumannii had the highest resistance to imipenem (62.8%) and meropenem (64.0%). Except for A. baumannii and E. coli (P < 0.05), the AMR levels and the trends of the other isolates were similar between the ICUs and the whole hospital (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Currently, the appropriate antimicrobial agents in our hospital include amikacin and tigecycline for the treatment of GNB infections and vancomycin and linezolid for the treatment of GPB infections. Moreover, it is still necessary to monitor AMR in the ICUs and the whole hospital simultaneously.
Jurisdiction and Enforcement after Brexit under Withdrawal Agreement
Authors: Eliášová Silvia
Published: March 2021

This paper focuses on the issue of international jurisdiction and enforcement of foreign judgements after Brexit basically until the end of transition period (to 31 December 2020) according to the Withdrawal Agreement, with possible next legal regime. The withdrawal of United Kingdom from the European Union is undoubtedly a significant interference with existing European law. What dimension it takes depends, in particular, on the question of whether or not to complete a comprehensive agreement between the EU and the UK that would establish and direct the future partnership and cooperation in all relevant areas. With the aim of contributing to the discussion concerning EU and UK fundamental rules on jurisdiction and enforcement, this paper provides a view of possible questions and solutions immediately after Brexit until end of transition period. The legal regime of judicial proceedings with an international element initiated before Brexit or during transition period is still relevant under these pre-Brexit rules or Withdrawal Agreement rules. The same situation is with regard to judgements delivered before 31 December 2021. This contribution shall review the state of play immediately after Brexit under Withdrawal Agreement concerning “separation” of EU fundamental rules on jurisdiction and enforcement.
Obava z komunikace v cizím jazyce ve výuce: Česká adaptace škály Foreing Langue Classroom Anxiety Scale
Authors: Jelínková Jaroslava
Published: March 2021

Quality communication between a teacher and a student or students contributes to the process of learning not only a foreign language. Contrarily, fear of communication can significantly harm communication. The present study provides information on the process and results of scale adaptation, which measures foreign language anxiety (Horwitz, Horwitz & Cope, 1986). The process of adaptation to Czech conditions included the verification of content validity, construct validity, and the identification of a factor structure of the instrument. Based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis in the STATISTICA 13.3 program, a reduction from thirty-three to thirteen items was proposed. The internal consistency of the adapted Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale showed a sufficient Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82.
A New Vision for Europe’s Bioeconomy in a Post-COVID World
Authors: Finston Susan , Thompson Nigel
Published: March 2021

In response to the COVID-19 global pandemic, the European Commission (EC) provided inclusive leadership, working as a team including EU member (national) officials, biopharmaceutical industry, NGOs, academic researchers and frontline health care personnel – acting with unprecedented collaboration and cohesion.  The emergence in early 2020 of the greatest public health threat in a century required new approaches and new collaborations. While the United States failed to provide leadership, the EU did not disappoint.
Micro-arteriovenous fistula in patients with lower limb lymphedema
Authors: Kono Hikaru , Sakuma Hisashi , Watanabe Shiho , Murayama Takaya , Takemaru Masashi
Published: March 2021

Background A micro-arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a minute, short shunt between an artery and a vein that does not pass through a capillary. We investigated the association between micro-AVFs and lymphedema using computed tomography angiography (CTA) and venous blood gas analysis.

Methods In 95 patients with lower limb lymphedema, the presence or absence of early venous return (EVR) was compared between patients with primary and secondary lymphedema. Furthermore, we investigated the difference in the timing of edema onset in patients with secondary lymphedema with or without EVR using CTA. In 20 patients with lower limb lymphedema with confirmed early EVR in a unilateral lower limb, the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) was compared between the lower limb with EVR and the contralateral lower limb.

Results Secondary lymphedema with or without EVR occurred at an average of 36.0±59.3 months and 93.5±136.1 months, respectively; however, no significant difference was noted. PO2 was 57.6±11.7 mmHg and 44.1±16.4 mmHg in the EVR and non-EVR limbs, respectively, which was a significant difference (P=0.005).

Conclusions EVR and venous blood gas analysis suggested the presence of micro-AVFs in patients with lower extremity edema. Further research is warranted to examine the cause of micro-AVFs, to advance technology to facilitate the confirmation of micro-AVFs by angiography, and to improve lymphedema by ligation of micro-AVFs.
User Experience Testing in the Open Textbook Adaptation Workflow
Authors: Thomas Camille , Vardeman Kimberly , Wu Jingjing
Published: March 2021

As library publishers and open education programs grow, it is imperative that we integrate practices in our workflows that prioritize and include end users. Although there is information available on best practices for user testing and accessibility compliance, more can be done to give insight into the library publishing context. This study examines the user and accessibility testing workflow during the modification of an existing open textbook using Pressbooks at Texas Tech University.
User Testing with Microinteractions
Authors: Gonzales Sara , Carson Matthew B. , Viger Guillaume , O'Keefe Lisa , Allen Norrina B. , Ferrie Joseph P. , Holmes Kristi
Published: March 2021

Enabling and supporting discoverability of research outputs and datasets are key functions of university and academic health center institutional repositories. Yet adoption rates among potential repository users are hampered by a number of factors, prominent among which are difficulties with basic usability. In their efforts to implement a local instance of InvenioRDM, a turnkey next generation repository, team members at Northwestern University’s Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center supplemented agile development principles and methods and a user experience design-centered approach with observations of users’ microinteractions (interactions with each part of the software’s interface that requires human intervention). Microinteractions were observed through user testing sessions conducted in Fall 2019. The result has been a more user-informed development effort incorporating the experiences and viewpoints of a multidisciplinary team of researchers spanning multiple departments of a highly ranked research university.
Caracterización del discurso de la comunidad de habla LGTBI. Una aproximación a la lingüística «queer» hispánica
Authors: Navarro-Carrascosa Carles
Published: March 2021

Toda subcultura forma una comunidad lingüística particular en la que, aunque se comparta la lengua con el resto de la sociedad, varía el habla en ciertos aspectos. Es el caso de la comunidad de habla LGTBI, que se hace servir de un léxico peculiar, así como una fraseología característica, unas estructuras gramaticales especiales y, en definitiva, unos recursos pragmáticos muy llamativos que tienen como objetivo mitigar ciertos enunciados, intensificar otros en determinados contextos y construir actos de habla afiliativos que expresen solidaridad social. Por otro lado, cumple una función muy importante en la construcción identitaria de sus usuarios. En este trabajo se propone un análisis pragmalingüístico aproximativo que sirva como introducción a los estudios de lingüística queer dentro del hispanismo.

Every subculture forms a particular linguistic community in which, although language is shared with the rest of society, speech varies in certain aspects. This is the case of the LGTBI speaking community, which uses a peculiar lexicon, as well as a characteristic phraseology, special grammatical structures and, in short, very striking pragmatic resources which aim is to mitigate certain statements, intensify some others in certain contexts and build affiliate speech acts to express solidarity. In addition, it plays a very important role in the construction of the identity of the speakers. This paper proposes an approximate pragmalinguistic analysis that serves as an introduction to queer linguistic studies within Hispanicism.
Del tiempo al conocimiento del tiempo. Un estudio a partir del léxico del español hacia un diccionario de unidades temporales
Authors: Macazaga Ernesto , De León Federico , Costa Sylvia , Montenegro Yamila
Published: March 2021

En este artículo presentamos algunas observaciones destinadas a describir la representación que la mente se hace del tiempo desde la perspectiva que ofrece el lenguaje. A diferencia de la abundante bibliografía dedicada al estudio de los tiempos verbales y la sintaxis de la temporalidad, nuestro estudio parte del léxico, en particular del léxico del español. El examen de los datos nos condujo a proponer una concepción particular de unidad temporal, así como a una clasificación de estas expresiones y a una percepción de los enlaces que las asocian, formando así redes semánticas. Estos hallazgos serán recogidos y exhibidos en el Diccionario de unidades temporales del español, obra en construcción cuyas características se exponen aquí.

In this article we present some remarks with the aim to describe how time is represented in the mind from the viewpoint of language. While there is a plethora of bibliography on the study of verb tenses and the syntax of time, our research stems from the study of the lexicon, particularly in the Spanish lexicon. The analysis of our data led us to propose a particular way of understanding the concept of temporal unit, as well as a classification of these expressions and an understanding of the connections between them, thus constructing semantic networks. These findings will be collected and exhibited in the Diccionario de unidades temporales del español, a work in progress whose characteristics will be presented here.
Léxico agrícola en el siglo XVII: herramientas de corte
Authors: Morala Rodríguez José Ramón
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del trabajo es revisar la terminología de un campo muy específico del léxico agrícola en el siglo XVII: las herramientas de corte. Es decir, las que podríamos englobar bajo hiperónimos como hoz, hacha, rozón o guadaña. Para ello se utiliza un corpus, el CorLexIn, que se nutre de documentación notarial sobre registros de bienes. El estudio es, por tanto, histórico pero también diatópico, por lo que los datos obtenidos se cruzan con los atlas lingüísticos modernos, en los que esos mismos conceptos suelen aparecer regularmente.

This study focuses on a review of the terminology related to a very specific field of agricultural vocabulary: cutting tools, that is, those which we could refer to using hypernyms like sickle, axe or scythe. With this purpose, we have used CorLexIn corpus, a corpus based on notarial records that contain mostly inventories of goods. Our work provides a historic perspective, but also diatopical, therefore our results have been collated with the information supplied by modern linguistic atlases, in which these concepts are usually included
Los linajes de la vid en el «Libro de agricultura» de Gabriel Alonso de Herrera y su vaciado en el «Diccionario de Autoridades»
Authors: Sánchez Martín Francisco Javier
Published: March 2021

El Libro de agricultura de Herrera es una obra fundamental de la producción textual científica del Renacimiento español por la riqueza del vocabulario recopilado, de ahí que, en este trabajo, se atiendan las particularidades terminológicas de algunos de los contenidos léxicos tratados en el libro segundo, dedicado al conocimiento de las viñas y al cultivo de la vid. Se desarrolla, así, un análisis lexicológico de las voces referidas a las tipologías de uva y vino, estudio que se acompaña de la revisión de las fuentes manejadas por Herrera para determinar su repercusión sobre este vocabulario. Además, se examina la incidencia de este léxico en la tradición lexicográfica española, particularmente la recepción del tratado herreriano en el Diccionario de Autoridades.

Gabriel Alonso de Herrera’s Libro de agricultura is a fundamental work of the Spanish Renaissance due to the richness of the vocabulary collected. In this work, we deal with the terminological particularities of some of the lexical contents described in the second book, dedicated to the knowledge of the vines and the cultivation of the vine. Therefore, we carry out a lexicological analysis of the voices referring to the grape and wine typologies, a study that is accompanied by a review of the sources handled by Herrera to determine their impact on this vocabulary. In addition, we examine the lexicographical treatment of this lexicon, particularly the effect of the Herrerian treatise in the Diccionario de Autoridades.
Institutional Experimentation, Directed Devolution and the Search for Policy Innovation
Authors: Peetz David
Published: March 2021

One response to the employer’s search for “flexibility” (most evident in the “platform economy”) may be “institutional experimentation,” i.e., changes to institutions and how they relate to organizations and labour standards. Our question: “What form of institutional arrangement can best enable the lessons of policy experimentation to be learned and disseminated?”

Under directed devolution, as proposed here, legal entitlements or obligations would be set at a higher level (say, a national jurisdiction). A lower level (“subsidiary bodies”) would be required to work out detailed implementation of those standards, with a view to protecting the affected workers’ interests. The subsidiary bodies might cover specific industries or groups of industries. They may need to be quite innovative. Results would be evaluated and ideas generated. By emphasizing flexibility and learning, directed devolution enables actors to learn from the experiments of other actors. One such example is the regulation of New York’s road passenger transport industry in 2019, a highly innovative attempt to convert a high-level time-based minimum standard into a practical, local solution.

Directed devolution is a form of multi-level policy-making, with some similarities to the concept of subsidiarity, but more tightly integrated. Other relevant but distinct forms of multi-level bargaining include the ILO Conventions, the Bangladesh Accord and several forms of regulation adopted in Australia. Actors and policy-makers should have long-term strategies, be careful in their processes of selecting institutional members, and be prepared to deal with powerful opposition.

Directed devolution can be useful wherever establishing enforceable general principles is important and can make a real difference, but there are complications with implementation if circumstances vary considerably among organizations or industries. Devolution can be achieved without losing enforceability, and this can be done without shifting power away from those with less power. Directed devolution is a complement to, not a substitute for, specific regulatory interventions.
Excavating Organizational Assumptions about Cultural Change: The Unintended Consequences of Safety Committee Initiatives
Authors: Gosen Dora , Mielly Michelle
Published: March 2021

This study contributes to the emerging literature on the interplay between safety committees and employee perceptions of organizational safety culture. Creating, managing and maintaining a safety culture in organizations involves significant investment in the establishment of safety committees. The role of such committees in improving safety culture perceptions has remained underexplored in the safety management and organizational literature.

This study addresses that gap and focuses on a safety committee within the facilities management operations of a large American academic institution. The objective is to generate understandings of how a committee can influence organizational cultural change and impact employee perceptions of safety.

Using Schein’s organizational culture model as a prism, we unpack the employees’ implicit cultural beliefs. Data from over sixty employee interviews revealed that formation of the Safety Committee resulted in unintended consequences in terms of employee perceptions.

Employees attributed most safety-related actions to the committee when, in fact, the managers and supervisors had actually carried them out. Thisoverestimationof committee activities and concomitantunderestimationof managerial actions by employees was an unintended consequence of establishing a committee. Employees, in fact, collectively attributed all positive changes in the organizational culture to the committee. The committee ultimately influenced the employees’ basic assumptions, such change being, according to Schein, a prerequisite for organizational cultural change.

This study, therefore, contributes to the literature by proposing that unintended consequences can operate in three different ways to support organizational change. First, unintended consequences can promote positive outcomes; second, they can reveal a new understanding of committees, which under certain circumstances can act as a proxy for management and encourage positive perceptions of managerial commitment. Lastly, unintended consequences can provide a means to detect and ‘excavate’ hidden, implicit assumptions that drive organizational culture’s deepest layers.
Vivre sur l’eau. Modes de vie mobiles : enquête ethnographique en milieu marin
Authors: Regnault Madina
Published: March 2021

Cet article se base sur une enquête monographique de dix-neuf mois dans la marina de Dzaoudzi (Mayotte). Le lieu de l’enquête est à la fois un point de circulation et un point d’ancrage où se croisent et se distinguent différents parcours de vie. Les données empiriques obtenues par observation participante mettent en évidence ces trajectoires individuelles et les raisons multiples, mais convergentes, ayant poussé les enquêtés à faire ce choix de mode de vie qualifié d’atypique. L’apport de cette étude est de démontrer que, si les modes de vie mobiles (lifestyle mobilities) sont un but pour la majorité des enquêtés, elles peuvent se transformer en migrations motivées par la recherche d’un style de vie (lifestyle migrations) ou en mobilité temporaire. En présentant les différentes facettes de la socialisation au sein de cette communauté, l’article met également en lumière les rapports entre personnes du milieu/étrangères à ce milieu et s’interroge sur les phénomènes de précarisation et marginalisation au sein du groupe. L’étude permet également de mettre en avant les distinctions intergénérationnelles concernant les motivations liées à ce choix de mode de vie nomade. La cohésion intergénérationnelle transcende ces distinctions, les enquêtés se reconnaissant comme des pairs liés par un mode de vie basé sur une passion commune pour l’océan et l’idéal de liberté ainsi que par un rejet de la société postmoderne.
Les coffee shops
Authors: Bantman-Masum Eve
Published: March 2021

Lieu par excellence de consommation du café en Australie, le coffee shop est une importation culturelle récente en France et, à ce titre, un terrain d’observation idéal des effets contemporains de la mondialisation. En nous appuyant sur des données empiriques recueillies par observation participante entre 2015 et 2020, nous livrons une analyse des coffee shops comme supports de modes de vie mobiles qui mettent en évidence trois processus centraux : la redéfinition des normes de consommation du café en France à l’aune d’un standard anglo-saxon ; l’affirmation générationnelle d’une identité par l’expérience de consommation différenciée ; la réinvention de l’élitisme français. Lieux d’affirmation d’une identité qui passe par des pratiques liées à la mobilité (cyclisme, communication en ligne, bilinguisme, etc.), les coffee shops participent d’une économie de l’expérience qui reproduit en France des codes de consommation mondialisés. Ce sont des espaces de glocalisation, de production d’identités hybrides, aménagés par des intermédiaires à l’origine d’arrangements subtils, voire acrobatiques entre tradition (et même nationalisme) et mondialisation.
Mobilités et urbanisme patrimonial
Authors: Hayes Matthew
Published: March 2021

La popularité croissante des modes de vie mobiles a d’importantes conséquences pour les communautés urbaines où ces mobilités sont souvent manifestes. Les modes de vie mobiles contribuent à l’appropriation des espaces bâtis par des classes sociales plus mobiles que d’autres, à l’instar des retraités des pays à revenus élevés qui expérimentent de nouvelles façons de vivre et de vieillir dans une culture étrangère. L’émergence et la popularité de ces mobilités affectent la circulation dans l’espace urbain et son usage, particulièrement pour les résidents urbains à faibles revenus. Cet article se penche sur les impacts des personnes ayant adopté un mode de vie mobile Nord-Sud sur trois villes inscrites au patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO : Cuenca (Équateur), Rabat (Maroc) et Lisbonne (Portugal).
De la migration de style de vie au mode de vie mobile
Authors: Amit Vered , Kerbiriou Anne-Hélène
Published: March 2021

L’une des critiques le plus souvent adressées au concept du « paradigme de la mobilité » de Mimi Sheller et John Urry (2006) est qu’il englobe trop de types de mobilité différents et que, ce faisant, il risque d’occulter d’importantes distinctions entre les motivations, les circonstances, les formes et les conséquences des déplacements à travers le monde. Mais il y a aussi des avantages importants à élargir la notion de « mobilité ». Tout d’abord, plutôt que de traiter a priori les différentes formes de mobilité comme des silos de recherche distincts, ce type d’expansion nous permet d’interroger les relations, les chevauchements et les intersections ainsi que les distinctions entre les différents modes de déplacement dans le monde. Dans ce traitement, la mobilité devient un cadre permettant d’élargir l’éventail des questions sur la mobilité que nous pouvons approfondir plutôt que de présupposer les réponses par le biais d’une classification préalable. Mais les premières discussions (par exemple Cohenet al.2015) introduisant l’idée de « mode de vie mobile » paraissent impliquer une tentative de chevauchement des interprétations tant restrictives qu’élargies de la mobilité, ce qui n’est pas toujours aisé. Dans cet essai, je souhaite faire valoir que le fait de lancer des discussions sur le mode de vie mobile en le distinguant d’autres formes de déplacement telles que la migration permanente, temporaire ou saisonnière sape une partie des attentes liées à cette notion. Le passage, dans la terminologie, de « migration de style de vie » (lifestyle migration) à « mode de vie mobile » (lifestyle mobility) peut et doit permettre d’examiner de manière plus ouverte ou plus large la relation entre le mode de vie, le volontarisme, le travail, les voyages, les séjours et l’installation, les projets de vie, les concours de circonstances et le hasard. Autrement dit, la notion de « mobilité liée au mode de vie » peut être plus utile si elle échappe à une définition restrictive au profit d’une notion plus élargie qui s’avérera par conséquent utilement ambiguë, avec laquelle il est bon de réfléchir.
On the Record: Sissieretta Jones and Black Feminist Recording Praxes
Authors: Moriah Kristin
Published: March 2021

In this article, I examine how Sissieretta Jones (frequently described as America’s first Black superstar, among other superlatives) strategically leveraged her European performance reviews in order to increase her listenership and wages in the United States. Jones toured Europe for the first (and only) time from February until November in 1895. According to clippings that she provided to African American newspapers, the singer performed at the renowned Winter Garden in Berlin for three months. Sissieretta Jones also claimed that she performed for Wilhelm II, the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, at his palace and was subsequently presented with an elaborate diamond brooch for her performance. Afterward, the singer told the African American newspaper the Indianapolis Freeman that she would like to live in Europe permanently. Her biographers frequently cite the success of this trip and its symbolic importance for African Americans. And yet, evidence of these events in the archives of major German newspapers is elusive and contradictory at best, if it exists at all. Nevertheless, after the much-hyped tour, her career would take many twists and turns. Sissieretta Jones eventually performed in venues like Carnegie Hall and Madison Square Garden. She was the highest-paid Black female performer of the nineteenth century and a role model for future generations of Black performers.
Interview with Micha Espinosa and Garrett Johnson
Authors: Ybarra Patricia
Published: March 2021

In this interview with Fitzmaurice Voicework practitioner and La Pocha Nostra performer Micha Espinosa and her collaborator Garrett Johnson, Patricia Ybarra and her interlocutors ask: "How do we fight through sound against the state under fascism and racial capitalism?"
Listening to Cambodian Rock Band: An Interview with Lauren Yee and Chay Yew
Authors: Galella Donatella
Published: March 2021

An interview with playwright Lauren Yee and director Chay Yew about Cambodian Rock Band, a memory play that uses music to call back to traumatic memories of the Khmer Rouge.
Aedes de A a Z
Authors: Valle Denise , Aguiar Raquel , Pimenta Denise Nacif , Ferreira Vinicius
Published: March 2021

O livro reúne especialistas com diferentes formações - uma bióloga, uma antropóloga e dois profissionais de comunicação - para um panorama do mosquito Aedes aegypti. A obra da coleção Temas em Saúde responde a questões como as particularidades que tornam o Aedes tão presente em nossa rotina e as estratégias de controle e vigilância do vetor. Segundo os quatro autores, o título oferece ao leitor "um meio do caminho entre um texto corrido e um glossário", além de apresentar uma lista de siglas e termos técnicos. Os cinco capítulos são divididos em tópicos - com títulos curtos e objetivos – com abordagens específicas sobre o Aedes.
American Design Ethic
Authors: Pulos Arthur J.
Published: March 2021

What is uniquely American about American design? This first history of American products and the philosophy behind their design, use, and manufacture points to the process - the interaction between industrial technology and culture - that gave form to an American "ethic" in material products and helped shape the life style of its citizens.Pulos discusses the influences and fashions as well as the major figures and schools of design from Colonial times to the 1940s. Central to the story are the objects and artifacts themselves - Shaker chairs, Colonial tea kettles, clipper ships, Sullivan's skyscraper department store; the work of Bel Geddes, Raymond Loewy, Russel Wright and Walter Teague as seen in cars, cameras, housewares, boats, locomotives. These objects and many others, are illustrated in over 300 unusual photographs, engravings, ads and drawings.
Should I stay or should I go?
Authors: Kretzschmar Mirjam , Müller Johannes
Published: March 2021

Analysing the characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus makes it possible to estimate the length of quarantine that reduces the impact on society and the economy, while minimising infections.
A novel approach for solving travelling thief problem using enhanced simulated annealing
Authors: Ali Hamid , Zaid Rafique Muhammad , Shahzad Sarfraz Muhammad , Malik Muhammad Sheraz Arshad , Alqahtani Mohammed A. , Alqurni Jehad Saad
Published: March 2021

Real-world optimization problems are getting more and more complex due to the involvement of inter dependencies. These complex problems need more advanced optimizing techniques. The Traveling Thief Problem (TTP) is an optimization problem that combines two well-known NP-Hard problems including the 0/1 knapsack problem and traveling salesman problem. TTP contains a person known as a thief who plans a tour to collect multiple items to fill his knapsack to gain maximum profit while incurring minimum cost in a standard time interval of 600 s. This paper proposed an efficient technique to solve the TTP problem by rearranging the steps of the knapsack. Initially, the picking strategy starts randomly and then a traversal plan is generated through the Lin-Kernighan heuristic. This traversal is then improved by eliminating the insignificant cities which contribute towards profit adversely by applying the modified simulated annealing technique. The proposed technique on different instances shows promising results as compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. This technique has outperformed on a small and medium-size instance and competitive results have been obtained in the context of relatively larger instances.
Phylogeny and evolution ofLasiopodomysin subfamily Arvivolinae based on mitochondrial genomics
Authors: Shi Luye , Liu Likuan , Li Xiujuan , Wu Yue , Tian Xiangyu , Shi Yuhua , Wang Zhenlong
Published: March 2021

The species ofLasiopodomysLataste 1887 with their related genera remains undetermined owing to inconsistent morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny. To investigate the phylogenetic relationship and speciation among species of the genusLasiopodomys, we sequenced and annotated the whole mitochondrial genomes of three individual species, namelyLasiopodomys brandtiiRadde 1861,L. mandarinusMilne-Edwards 1871, andNeodon(Lasiopodomys)fuscusBüchner 1889. The nucleotide sequences of the circular mitogenomes were identical for each individual species ofL. brandtii,L. mandarinus, andN. fuscus. Each species contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs, with mitochondrial genome lengths of 16,557 bp, 16,562 bp, and 16,324 bp, respectively. The mitogenomes and PCGs showed positive AT skew and negative GC skew. Mitogenomic phylogenetic analyses suggested thatL. brandtii,L. mandarinus, andL. gregalisPallas 1779 belong to the genusLasiopodomys, whereasN. fuscusbelongs to the genusNeodongrouped withN. irene.Lasiopodomysshowed the closest relationship withMicrotus fortisBüchner 1889 andM. kikuchiiKuroda 1920, which are considered as the paraphyletic species of genera Microtus.TMRCAand niche model analysis revealed thatLasiopodomysmay have first appeared during the early Pleistocene epoch. Further,L. gregalisseparated from others over 1.53 million years ago (Ma) and then diverged intoL. brandtiiandL. mandarinus0.76 Ma. The relative contribution of climatic fluctuations to speciation and selection in this group requires further research.