bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recovery of ammonium from digestate as fertilizer
Authors: Menkveld H. W. H. , Broeders E.
Published: August 2017

Ammonia inhibition can be a major problem during anaerobic digestion of manure and municipal and industrial sludges. Anaerobic digestion is sensitive to higher NH3-N concentrations, which are inhibiting and at certain levels even toxic for methanogen bacteria. The Nijhuis Ammonium Recovery (AECO-NAR) system can solve this problem and removes ammonium from digestate or other substrate for digestion. The AECO-NAR is a physical-chemical process based on stripping of ammonia. The ammonium is recovered as ammonium sulphate, which can be used as a fertilizer for agricultural purposes. The AECO-NAR was proven to be a robust process with a stable ammonium removal efficiency of 85–90% for anaerobic digested manure, municipal and other organic waste waters. The cost effectiveness mainly depends on the concentration of NH4-N in the influent, scale of the installation, the availability of residual heat and the local value and market for ammonium sulphate. Above 2 g/l NH4-N the AECO-NAR system is competitive and at higher NH4-N concentrations more cost efficient compared to other state of the art nitrogen removal technologies and ranges between 1 and 3 €/kg N.
Urban resilient integrated water management pathways, to achieve sustainable water resources development in Chennai metropolitan city, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Natarajan P. M. , Kalloikar Shambhu
Published: August 2017

Chennai, the capital city of Tamil Nadu State, India is the fourth most populous metropolitan city in the nation, and the world's 36th largest metropolitan area. This city is facing acute water scarcity since it depends mainly on the North East monsoon (October-December) rain. As per the WHO norm of domestic water supply along with 20% of domestic use for industrial purpose, Chennai needs 807 million litre per day (MLD) for the present 4.98 million people and 1,455 MLD in 2050 for the 8.98 million projected population. There is about 2,018 MLD of water by different sources to the city. However, the dependable water resource from to this city is only 730 MLD and hence the present deficit is 77 MLD and 725 MLD in 2050. However, through ‘Urban resilient’ integrated water resources management pathways, it is possible to generate or save about 4,225 MLD of water to this city and bridge the water supply demand gap.
A comparison of different pilot constructed clarifiers with the purpose of achieving the optimum condition in turbidity removal at water treatment plants in Tehran
Authors: Mirbagheri Seyed Ahmad , Malekmohamadi Sima , Nasrabadi Sheida Sohrabi
Published: August 2017

Clarifying is one of the most crucial stages in water treatment at water treatment plants. Determining the type of the clarifier in water treatment plants and using it efficiently is necessary. In this study, a pilot is designed and constructed in which the pulsator, the superpulsator and the accelerator are simulated. For each system, turbidity removal efficiency for different influent turbidities and flow rates were studied and the optimum condition was obtained. The results showed that the superpulsator has a superior performance compared to the pulsator, and the pulsator has a superior performance compared to the accelerator and these differences are more sensible at higher flow rates. Also, the best condition for achieving the highest efficiency for the pulsator and the superpulsator is determined to be at flow rate 3 lit/min for an initial turbidity of 2,500 NTU with alum as the coagulant and the highest efficiency for the accelerator is determined to be at flow rate 3 lit/min for an initial turbidity of 2,500 NTU with ferric chloride as the coagulant. Comparing the turbidity removal efficiency shows that for 67% of the cases, ferric chloride has a better performance as the coagulant compared to alum and increasing the influent turbidity leads to an increase in the removal efficiency. Furthermore, three water treatment plants located in Tehran were studied and their characteristics were compared and suggestions were made to enhance their qualities.
Effects of selected industrial pollutants on urban WWTPs activated sludge population, and possible mitigation strategies
Authors: Callegari Arianna , Capodaglio Andrea G.
Published: August 2017

This study concerns the effects on microbial populations and treatment plant performance on the presence of Chromium and surfactants in incoming wastewater. The study considers two actual treatment plants in a northern Italian City, one treating mostly urban sewage, the second a mixture of urban and industrial wastewater. A comparative assessment of the two plants was performed in laboratory conditions, in order to understand the effects of these exogenous contaminants on the biological processes, and possibly define management and operational criteria for process recovery in the case of renewed actual contamination. Pilot processes of the two plants were run at first, considering the actual design and normal influent conditions of the facilities, then, under stress conditions, by adding the external contaminants at known concentrations to the feed, performing process functionality observations and toxicity tests, and determining the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the activated sludge biomass. Considerations on processes performance and biocenosis modifications due to pollutants contents are drawn. A discussion on possible effects mitigation strategies is included.
Emergency scenarios in the Banger polder, Semarang City: a case study to identify different emergency scenarios
Authors: Wahyudi S. Imam , Heikoop Rick , Adi Henny Pratiwi , Overgaauw Tom , Schipper Bram , Persoon Roel
Published: August 2017

In Semarang urban coastal areas experience daily flooding from the sea during high tide (tidal flooding). Flourishing residential areas have changed into unhealthy slums with the nuisance of daily flooding in parts of the city. To overcome these problems a polder system was implemented to address the tidal flooding. The Semarang polder system is the first fully operational polder system in a densely populated urban area in Indonesia. This article describes the polder system that prevents flooding in the Eastern part of the city; the Banger polder area. An important element of the polder system is an emergency response plan that prepares for a flood emergency condition. The emergency response plan provides different emergency scenarios and identifies emergency levels and criteria. The management of emergency situations can be divided into four phases, namely mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. The research results provide a detailed description of four emergency scenarios with 3 emergency levels for each scenario in the Banger polder area. The scenarios are; pumping stations operational damage, high-intensity rainfall in combination with high tide, failure of levees and dams, and an inflow of water from the west and east side of Polder system area.
Using experimental design for the screening and optimization of key factors on silica particles adsorption using magnetic nanoparticles – a case study of chemical mechanical polishing wastewater treatment
Authors: Huang Chung-Fu , Huang An-Chi , Chu Feng-Jen , Lin Chia-Ling , Wan Terng-Jou
Published: August 2017

This study applied magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to chemical mechanical polishing wastewater treatment using experimental design (Plackett–Burman methods) to select the key factors among pH, mixing, Polyaluminum chloride dosage, settling time, MNPs dosage, and temperature and using response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the optimal values of key factors. Research results showed that the key factors influencing processing performance were pH and rpm, and the optimal conditions were a pH of 4.9 and rpm of 68. The turbidity removal rate through RSM simulation was 90%; under this parameter, the actual turbidity removal rate in the experiment was 89%, which was extremely close to the simulation value; this value was also much higher than the nonoptimized removal rate of 61 ± 8%. Additionally, in the subsequent regeneration and reuse experiment involving mixing and ultrasound for desorption and regeneration, the number of recoveries were 4 and 5, respectively. The study showed that the average particle size of MNPs following ultrasonic vibration was reduced; the effect was optimal at 23 to 15 nm. Therefore, a removal rate of over 80% could be maintained for the fifth ultrasonic regeneration, and the energy of the mixing method may not have been sufficient, causing incomplete desorption and a turbidity removal rate of only 71%.
Design parameter estimations for adjustable bubble size in bubble generating system
Authors: Kim Tschung-il , Park Hyunju , Han Mooyoung
Published: August 2017

In this study, we developed a customized low cost and low energy bubble generator that can control bubble size. Hence, it can be used not only in the water treatment process but also in various other processes. This device was able to generate bubbles with a very simple system using only a general pump and a mixing chamber. Increasing the number of partition walls in the mixing chamber reduced the bubble size. Furthermore, bubbles of a few hundred nanometers were produced by the shear stress caused by increasing the thickness of the partition wall. Although the generated sub-micron bubbles were too small for their exact size to be measured using an image analysis and particle counting method, it was possible to confirm their existence indirectly through the coalescence arising from ultrasonic irradiation. The device used in this research is simple and allows bubble size to be adjusted easily by controlling the design of the mixing chamber. Therefore, it can be applied to a water treatment process, as well as a variety of other processes.
Racial Differences in Home Dialysis Utilization and Outcomes in Canada
Authors: Trinh Emilie , Na Yingbo , Sood Manish M. , Chan Christopher T. , Perl Jeffrey
Published: August 2017

Background and objectives

Data on racial disparities in home dialysis utilization and outcomes are lacking in Canada, where health care is universally available.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We studied patients starting maintenance dialysis between 1996 and 2012 in the Canadian Organ Replacement Register, stratified by race: white, Asian, black, Aboriginal, Indian subcontinent, and other. The association between race and treatment with home dialysis was examined using generalized linear models. Secondary outcomes assessed racial differences in all-cause mortality and technique failure using a Fine and Gray competing risk model.

Results

66,600 patients initiated chronic dialysis between 1996 and 2012. Compared with whites (n=46,092), treatment with home dialysis was lower among Aboriginals (n=3866; adjusted relative risk, RR, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.66 to 0.76) and higher in Asians (n=4157; adjusted RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.22 to 1.35) and others (n=2170; adjusted RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.20) but similar in blacks (n=2143) and subcontinent Indians (n=2809). Black (adjusted hazard ratio, HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.48) and Aboriginal (adjusted HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.33) patients treated with peritoneal dialysis had a significantly higher adjusted risk of technique failure compared with whites, whereas Asians had a lower risk (adjusted HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.99). In patients on peritoneal dialysis, the risk of death was significantly lower in Asians (adjusted HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.92), blacks (adjusted HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.85), and others (adjusted HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.92) but higher in Aboriginals (adjusted HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.32) compared with whites. Among patients on home hemodialysis, no significant racial differences in patient and technique survival were observed, which may be limited by the low number of events among each subgroups.

Conclusions

With the exception of Aboriginals, all racial minority groups in Canada were as likely to be treated with home dialysis compared with whites. However, significant racial differences exist in outcomes.
Calidad del agua y características habitacionales de un barrio en Bogotá
Authors: Fajardo Zapata Álvaro , Gaines Acuña Sebastián , Muñoz-Silva Vanessa , Otero Jiménez Vanessa , Mendoza Montaña Vito Alonso
Published: August 2017

Introducción. El agua suministrada a las viviendas debe ser apta para el consumo humano, es decir, debe ser limpia, no tener color ni sabor y sobre todo debe estar libre de microbios y parásitos. Objetivo. Se indagó la calidad microbiológica y fisicoquímica del agua de un barrio marginal de Bogotá; asimismo se determinaron las condiciones habitacionales. Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se realizó un muestreo del agua utilizada para el consumo humano en 25 casas, a la cual se le realizó el análisis fisicoquímico y microbiológico. Además se diligenció un formato de condiciones de vivienda. Conclusiones. se evidenció que la calidad de agua que consumen los habitantes del barrio Villa Cindy cumple con todos los parámetros de potabilidad exigidos el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, de Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial en la Resolución 2115 de 2007. El 80% de los habitantes del barrio viven en condiciones dignas, un 20% son invasores de la ribera del río Bogotá y habitan en condiciones indignas.
Nueva metodología geométrica para evaluar la morfología del eritrocito normal
Authors: Rodríguez Javier , Escobar Santiago , Abder Lesly , Del Río Johnsen , Quintero Luis , Ocampo David
Published: August 2017

Objetivo. Desarrollar una nueva metodología para caracterizar la estructura del eritrocito normal mediante el espacio ocupado por el anillo del eritrocito normal caracterizado con el método de Box Counting. Método. se analizaron las imágenes de 20 extendidos de sangre periférica, cuyos eritrocitos fueron evaluados por un experto como normales. Se superpusieron dos rejillas Kp de 5 x 5 pixeles y Kg de 10 x 10 pixeles, para calcular el espacio ocupado por dos regiones del eritrocito estos son, el disco y centro de este, visto de manera frontal mediante el método de Box Counting. Resultados. Los espacios ocupados por la región del disco con la rejilla Kp variaron entre 47 y 56, la región del centro del eritrocito, varió entre 9 y 14. La dimensión fractal de estas dos regiones varió entre 0,941 y 1,115 para el disco, entre 0,652 y 1,222 para el centro. Conclusiones. La estructura del eritrocito normal puede ser caracterizada mediante el espacio ocupado por cada una de las regiones del eritrocito a partir de la geometría fractal.
Was Piketty right? Empirics of CCC model: corporate power, consumption, debt and inequality
Authors: Porenta Franci
Published: August 2017

This paper provides an empirical investigation into the empirics of cumulative and circular causation (CCC) model. Relying on their corporate power, corporations have stimulated the rising consumerism, which has increased both private consumption and debt. On the other hand, increasing debt has enhanced the process of rising inequality due to the lack of funding to invest in education or create savings. Rising inequality has further increased the bargaining power of capital and closed the CCC model. This paper tests the proposed theoretical model on a sample of OECD countries in the period between 1990 and 2013. We show that the growing corporate power causes increased consumption, growing household and public debt, as well as higher inequality. The paper makes several original contributions to the existing literature. First, it is the first empirical investigation of the CCC relationship. Second, it extends the knowledge about the trends of rising corporate power and consumerism at macro level.
Mother’s Characteristics, Knowledge and Practices about Children Burn Injury in Sulaimani City
Authors: Ibrahem Abdulrahman M. , Rashed Kamal J. , Babakir- Mina Muhammed , Muhamed Bakhtyar K.
Published: August 2017

Burn is described as one of the leading causes of injury throughout the world, and is one of the most frequent causes of hospitalization. The aim of this study was to determine mother’s characteristics, Knowledge and practices for burn injuries and burn infection prevention. A cross sectional descriptive study was undertaken in Sulaimani city, Iraq, from October 2015 to July 2016. Participants were evaluated using a structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview. Data were computerized and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 software. A total of 126 mothers who had burn injury in their children and admitted to burning hospital during the study period, the mean score knowledge of mothers was (3.63), the mean score practice of mothers accounted (4.63), the respondent practice score ranged from (1-8). They had poor, intermediate, and good score knowledge about burns injury and burn infection 79.37%, 18.25%, and 2.38% respectively. In regard to mother’s related practice, there were 66.67% within poor practice level, 30.95% of an intermediate level, and 2.38% had a good practice level. The study shows that mother knowledge and practice in Sulaimani city in relation to burn injury and infection among their children was at a low level and the local health authority should incorporate health education for parents, especially mothers in the prevention of pediatric burn at home involving hot liquid and flames also other domestic hazardous as well as the important activities after burn or pre-hospital admission.
Spontaneous angina bullosa hemorrhagica of tongue: An unusual problem following prosthodontic procedure
Authors: Sachdeva Suresh Kumar , Sachdeva Ashwani , Sachdeva Swati Saggar , Galav Ashok
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Angina Bullosa Hemorrhagica (ABH) is the term used to describe benign subepitilial oral mucosal blood filled blisters, which are not attributed to any systemic disorder. It is a very uncommon condition, mostly seen in elderly patients. The exact etiopathogenesis of the ABH is not known. Herewith, we present a case of 50-year-old male patient who developed ABH on right lateral border of the tongue, following prosthodontics impression making for completely edentulous mouth. Methods: The case management method was topical application of chlorhexidine gel (1%) and lignocaine gel (2%) with avoidance of hot and spicy food. Result and discussion: After one week in treating with topical therapy, the lesion became normal.  The diagnosis of ABH is difficult in patients because of its asymptomatic nature. The early diagnosis of the lesion is very important as a rapidly expanding blood-filled bulla in the oropharynx can cause upper airway obstruction. Therefore, a high level of suspicion is warranted on part of dentists who may the first to encounter the lesion.  Conclusion: Spontaneous Angina Bullosa Hemorrhagica of tongue was an unusual problem that can occur following prosthodontic procedure. The management of the lession were intended to reduce pain or discomfort and prevent secondary infections.
Effect of Item Difficulty and Sample Size on the Accuracy of Equating by Using Item Response Theory
Authors: Al Mahrouq Yousef A.
Published: August 2017

This study explored the effect of item difficulty and sample size on the accuracy of equating by using item response theory. This study used simulation data. The equating method was evaluated using an equating criterion (SEE, RMSE). Standard error of equating between the criterion scores and equated scores, and root mean square error of equating (RMSE) were used as measures to compare the method to the criterion equating. The results indicated that the large sample size reduces the standard error of the equating and reduces residuals. The results also showed that different difficulty models tend to produce smaller standard errors and the values of RMSE. The similar difficulty models tend to produce decreasing standard errors and the values of RMSE.
Availability of Professional Learning Community and the Leadership Practices that Support it in Governmental Schools in Egypt and the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al-Mahdy Yasser F. , Al-Harthi Aisha S. , Al-Rawhia Badria A.
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the availability of the dimensions of Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) and the leadership practices that support them in government schools. It also investigated the differences in the previous areas across nationality (Egyptian/ Omani), and gender (male / female). The study sample consisted of 1235 teachers 509 from Egypt and 726 from Oman. The scale developed by Olivier, Hipp and Huffman (2010) was used to measure PLC dimensions, and Pohl (2012) classification was used to identify school leadership practices that support PLCs in schools. This classification is aligned with school leadership standards. The overall sample rated highly both the availability of PLC dimensions and the leadership practices that support them. The study found significant differences due to nationality in favor of the Omani sample, and due to gender in favor of females. The study concludes with some mechanisms recommended to improve PLCs and school leadership to support them in government schools.
Attitudes of Pre-school Teachers towards Movement Education
Authors: Al-Busafi Majid , Zayed Kashef , Al Haddabi Badriya
Published: August 2017

Educators’ attitudes have drawn attention of researchers worldwide, where numerous studies have been conducted to explore the factors that influence educators’ attitudes toward educational topics in order to understand them and direct them in ways that contribute to the enhancement of the educational practices. In this study, we aimed to identify attitudes of early childhood educators in the Sultanate of Oman towards movement education, and to investigate the differences in attitudes according to nationality and qualification. The sample of this study consisted of 201 pre-school female educators in the Sultanate of Oman. The participants responded to Attitudes towards Movement Education Scale, which consisted of three dimensions (emotional, cognitive and behavioral). This scale was designed and modified for the purpose of this study. The results of this study revealed that the participants’ attitudes towards movement education were positive in general. The emotional dimension ranked first (87.7%), followed by the cognitive (82.6%) and behavioral dimensions (78.8%). The results also showed that there were differences in attitudes towards movement education due to educators’ nationality and educational levels.
A Strategy to Use the Similes in Child's Environment to Teach the Letters in Kindergarten and Elementary School
Authors: Al-Jafar Ali A.
Published: August 2017

The study suggested a new strategy to teach the letters of Arabic to preschool children using similes from the local environment. It was assumed that the simile embodied the child's cultural experience, being a simple form of the image culture that shaped his or her identity. The study sample included one hundred and two children with an age range between 3 and 6 years, in Kuwait. The author identified the experiences taught in the preschool stage and chose those ones that were related to the cooperative society, and then asked every child to recall a name of anything in the society that begins with one of the twentyeightArabic letters. The author, then, asked every child a question about all the similes that he or she could deduce from the image of the letter, using the experience of "My House" as a model. Based on the similes that were obtained from the children, an integrated story demonstrating all Arabic letters was constructed. Consequently, using the suggested strategy to teach letters to the preschool and elementary school children was recommended.
The Relationship between Students’ Perceptions of Parenting Styles and their University Life Adjustment
Authors: Aldhafri Said
Published: August 2017

The current study examines the association between university students’ perceptions of parenting styles and their university life adjustment. Data were collected from Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) in Oman. The sample consisted of 2562 undergraduate students (59% were females) from different colleges and study years. The participants responded to two questionnaires. The first questionnaire examined students’ perceptions of three parenting styles: authoritative (7 items), authoritarian (7 items), and permissive (6 items). The university life adjustment was examined by a questionnaire that focused on psychological (10 items) and non-psychological (5 items) problems that students face during university years. Both measures were found to be stable and reliable. The findings showed that college students reported high levels of authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles, low levels of permissive style, and low psychological and non-psychological problems. Additionally, results of two separate re- gression analyses indicated that students’ psychological problems were predicted positively by authori- tarian mother and negatively by authoritative mother and authoritative father; the non-psychological problems were predicted negatively by authoritative father and positively by authoritarian mother and permissive father. Findings were discussed within Omani cultural context.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Digital-Based Concept Mapping on Teaching Educational Technology for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Ahmed Abdelrahman , Abdelraheem Ahmed
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using digital-based concept mapping as strategy on students’ achievements and attitudes. Data was collected from 58 students enrolled in the course of ”Introduction to Educational Technology” in Instructional and Teaching Technologies Department at Sultan Qaboos University. Two sections out of four sections were selected randomly as the sample of the study. One of the sections was randomly chosen as experimental group (n = 27) and the other was control group (n = 31). Both pre- and post- achievement tests were used. The results of the study revealed that students who were taught with digital-based concept mapping strategy performed better than those who were taught with the conventional method. There was a significant difference between male and female students in the post test scores of the experimental group in favor of females. In addition, no interaction effect for the independent variables was found. The study also showed that students in the experimental group had positive attitude towards using digital-based concept mapping in learning edu- cational technology.
The Extent of Availability of the Total Quality Standards in the Practicum Program in the College of Education at Ibb University
Authors: Abdulrab Abdullah H.
Published: August 2017

The study aimed to identify the extent of availability of the total quality standards in the practicum program in the College of Education at Ibb ‘niversity from the viewpoint of teacher students. It also aimed to examine the differences among teacher students attributed to the variables of gender, specialization and overall average. A questionnaire of 64 items was prepared and distributed on seven domains: the objectives and planning of the program, content of the program, the role of practicum administration, the role of monitoring, the role of cooperating teacher. the role of school manager, and evaluation of the program. The sample of the study consisted of 253 final year students. The mean scores, standard deviation, ”t" test and one way ANOVA were used. The results of the study revealed that the degree of availability of the total quality standards of the practicum program was medium. However, the findings indicated that there were significant differences between male and female participants in favor of females, in addition, there were no significant differences among teacher students attributed to the variables of specialization and overall average
The Reality of the Development of Arabic Grammar Curriculum for Arabic Secondary Schools in Mali in Light of the Standard Specifications
Authors: Djakaridja KEITA
Published: August 2017

This study aimed to examine the reality of the development of Arabic grammar curriculum for Arabic secondary schools in the Republic of Mali in light of the standard specifications. To achieve this objective, the researcher used descriptive method based on interview technique. The study population comprises the officials of Patriotic Union of Arabic schools, Department of Arabic schools in the Ministry of Education, Literacy and National Languages Center, and Arabic language teachers participating in the development of Arabic grammar curriculum. The researcher selected 21 participants for the interview using purposive sampling. The findings revealed that the reality of the development of Arabic grammar curriculum for Arabic secondary schools in Mali in light of the standard specifications during the period 2003-2010 varied between high and inefficient. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that improvement should be made on the development of Arabic grammar curriculum for Arabic secondary schools in the Republic of Mali.
The relationship between school principals communicative behavior, job satisfaction and willingness to collaborate: Head of Educational Departments perceptions
Authors: Al-Qahtani Abdul- Mohsen
Published: August 2017

This study aimed at exploring the relationship between the educational leaders’ communicative behavior (communication immediacy and communicative competence) and job satisfaction, communication satisfaction, and willingness to communicate as; perceived by department heads'. It also examined the effect of willingness to communicate as a personality trait on job satisfaction and communication satisfaction. The sample comprised 272 head of departments (132 males & 143 females). The results showed a statistically significant positivel relationship between educational leaders’ communicative behaviors and the level of job satisfaction, communication satisfaction, and willingness to collaborate.
Psychological Stresses and Abuse of Kindergarten Children among Working and Non- Working Mothers
Authors: Tawalbeh Aisheh. H. , Al- Zawaydeh Hasan
Published: August 2017

The study goal was to investigate the stress among working and non-working mothers and the abuse of their kindergarten age children. Two instruments were developed to measure the stress with two versions for working and non-working mothers, and a child abuse tool. Face validity and retest reliability were conducted. The stress tool contained 25 Items. The tools were administered to a sample of 400, working (200) and nonworking (200) mothers in Amman. A t-test for independent samples was used to test the difference between means of stress and child abuse for working and non-working mothers. Also, two-way analysis of variance was conducted to find the mean differences of the three abuse dimensions: physical, psychological and neglects for working and non-working mothers. Results showed statistical difference (p < 0.05) between means of stress in favor of working mothers, but the difference between means of abuse was in favor of nonworking mothers. The results also showed statistical significant differences (p < 0.05) in the three domains of physical, psychological and neglect abuse, in favor of the non-working mothers. Implications and recommendations for future studies were suggested.
Psychometric Properties of the Short Form of Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking (WGCTA-S)Appraisal among a Sample of Students Teachers
Authors: Al - Otaibi Khaled N.
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Watson-Glaser Critical thinking Appraisal -Short form (WGCTA-S) - as a tool that measures critical thinking. It comprises 40 items that measure five skills: inference, recognition of assumptions, deduction, interpretation and evolution of argument within (16) different scenarios. The test was administered to a random sample of 400 students from the Teachers College. The results revealed that the (WGCTA-S) is a valid and reliable test. Factor analysis revealed five factors identifying the same factors of the original instrument. The correlation coefficients ranged between dimensions and total score for the test between (0.301 - 0.801) which shows the construct validity, and the reliability of test re-test was (0.78) and alpha was (0.80). The results of the study found differences between students of theoretical and scientific departments on (WGCTA-S) in the favor of the students of scientific departments. The study also found differences between students of high academic achievement and low academic achievement on (WGCTA-S) in favor of the of high academic achievement.
The Relationships of Future Anxiety with some Variables among the Vocational Training Students
Authors: Ahmed Zegaoua
Published: August 2017

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the level of future anxiety among students of' vocational training. The relationship of future anxiety gender and vocational specialization was tested. The researcher developed a questionnaire of future anxiety which was distributed to 112 students who were in four vocational specializations. The results revealed that there was an average level of future anxiety among the vocational training students, in the total score as well as in the vocational, academic, social, and psychological dimensions. However, there was low level of future anxiety in the economic dimension. There were also statistically significant differences between males and females on the level of future anxiety, while there were no statistically significant differences on the other dimensions attributed to the vocational specialization. In light of the findings the researcher proposed a number of recommendations.
Relationships of Positive and Negative Psychological Stress Coping Strategies with Locus of Control and Some Variables among a Sample of Al-al Bayt University Students
Authors: Al Masaed Aslan S.
Published: August 2017

This study aimed to test relationships among positive and negative psychological stress coping strategies with locus of control. Academic level and specialization were also variables of interest in this study. The sample consistedof 202 male and female freshmen and senior students from the colleges of education and nursing. To answer the research questions two instruments were used. One measured the coping strategies and the other measured locus of control. Several statistical techniques were used: Mean, MANOVA and partial correlation. The results indicated that senior students used negative and positive coping strategies more than their freshmen counterparts. The results also showed that there was interaction between students' specialization and locus of control in using positive coping strategies; students in the college of education who had external locus of control used positive coping strategies more than nursing students. Also, there was interaction between academic level, specialization, and locus of control in using positive coping strategies. Furthermore, there was interaction between academic major, sex and locus of control in using positive coping strategies. Finally, there was positive relationship between external locus of control and positive coping strategies; and there was negative correlation between internal locus of control and positive coping strategies.
Re-calibrating and Re-standardization of Teacher Rating Scale of the Characteristics of Gifted Children in Basic Education Phase Using Rasch Model
Authors: Bakhiet Salah F.
Published: August 2017

The Arabic scale for teachers' rating of basic education gifted students' characteristics is considered one of the commonest Arabic measures used for initial identification of gifted students in some Arabic countries. One of the shortcomings of this scale, however, is that it is based on the classical theory of measurement. This study sought to recalibrate and re-normalize the scale in the light of Rasch's unidemisional model which rests upon the modern theory of measurement and to develop different criteria for interpreting the levels of individuals' traits. The scale was administered to 830 Basic Education students in Khartoum (age ranged from 7 to 12 years). Two groups of students participated in the study: a calibration sample (N = 250) and a standardization sample (N = 580). The statistical treatments were performed using the PSAW 18 and RUMM 2020 programs according to Rasch's unidimentional model. Six of the scale items were deleted for not conforming to Rasch's model. This left the scale with 31 items. Besides, new criteria for the scale were developed by obtaining the tscores that match the various ratings of the individuals' ability.
Illness Perception and Coping Strategies with Silicosis Patients
Authors: Aberkane Salah
Published: August 2017

The main aim of this study is to show the illness perception effect on the selection of coping strategies in a sample of silicosis’ patients. A sample composed of 32 individuals (male patients) having silicosis, aged between 19 and 50 and living in the region of TKOUT\ Batna (Algeria) was adopted in this study. Two scales were used, the scale proposed by Moss Morris (the revised illness perception questionnaire IPQ_R) and the scale of Bolhane (Coping questionnaire). The statistical correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between illness perception and coping strategies. Multiple Regression Analysis was also used to assess the predictive ability of the illness perception dimensions on the coping dependent variables. This study has provided insights about the relationship between illness perception and coping strategies in the considered sample. Therefore, it has shown that there is an effect of emotional representations in choosing the way to solve the problem, the way to search for the social support, and the positive reassessment among the individuals of the sample. It is to note that there is also an effect of treatment control, illness coherence in choosing the way of self-blaming among the individuals of the same sample.
Educational Innovation in the Sultanate of Oman and its Research Requirements: a research Map for the Department of Educational Foundations and Administration
Authors: Lashin Mohamed A. , Ismail Omer H.
Published: August 2017

This study intended to provide a research map that shows the most important research issues and educational challenges facing education in the Sultanate of Oman in the light of contemporary educational innovations. A descriptive research method was used. The procedures followed in the study included a review of educational research maps in the colleges of education, conducted a theoretical analysis of the relationship between global changes and their impact on the areas of educational innovation, identify areas of educational innovation in Oman, and Meta analysis of research conducted at the Department of Educational Foundations and Administration. Based on the analysis and interpretation of data collected from 120 research participants, consisting of 10 faculty members, 15 Master students, 20 experts from the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Higher Education, and 75 school principals representing different provinces, a research map, with its objectives, scopes, and mechanics of implementation, was developed.
Revision of Guilford Formula to Correct Item Difficulty for Guessing in Multiple Choice Test Items
Authors: Audeh Ahmad S.
Published: August 2017

The original Guilford formula for estimation of multiple choice item difficulty was based on a penalty for guessing. This penalty was originally based on completely random or blind guessing, which means that it is purely based on mathematical estimation and on significantly violated assumptions. While authentic and fair estimation is expected to be based on mixed scoring formula which adds another correction factor to integrate measurement theory with decision theory based on partial knowledge and risk- taking behavior. A new formula with two correction factors related to guessing, partial knowledge and risk-taking is presented in this paper. Further studies are suggested for reviewing the validation of the main assumptions of item theory models.
The Effectiveness of Computer Assisted Instruction in Modifying the Alternative Perception of Geometry Concepts among 7th Grade Students in Jordan
Authors: Al Duwair Ahmed M. , Adili Abdelsalam M.
Published: August 2017

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of computer assisted instruction in modifying alternative perception of geometry concepts among 7th grade students in Jordan. The subjects of the study consisted of (72) students from Mafraq during the second semester of the academic year 2010/2011, They were already distributed into two groups (36) who were considered as experimental group while the other (36) were considered as the control group. A valid and reliable test to probe the alternative perception in geometric concepts was distributed on the two groups twice, before the treatment and at the end of the experiment. The study revealed the following findings. There were eleven alternative perceptions of geometric concepts among the students; also there were statistical significant differences between the average of the experimental group and the control group in the alternative perception test to the benefit of experimental group students. Furthermore, the percentage of alternative perception of geometry concepts were decreased due to the computer assisted instruction.
The Effect of a Counseling Supervision Program -Based on the Skill Development Model- on Raising the Professional Self – Efficacy Level among Counselor Trainees in Jordan
Authors: Al- Shraifin Ahmad A.
Published: August 2017

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of a training program based on the Skill Development Model in increasing the Professional self–efficacy among counselor-trainees in Jordan. The sample consisted of (62) male and female 3rd and 4th year students in counseling psychology at Yarmouk University, who were randomly assigned to an experimental group trained by the program, and a control group trained by conventional methods. The results of the study revealed that the Professional self– efficacy level of the experimental group was statistically higher than that the control group. That there were statistically significant differences in the level of professional self-efficacy attributed to gender in favor of males. Differences in the professional self-efficacy attributed to the interaction between the level of study and gender. The results also pointed out differences on the first and the third subscales attributed to gender in favor of males, and differences attributed to the interaction between the level of study and gender on the second subscale. There were no differences attributed to the rest of the study variable.
Relationship between the Value Matrix and Attitudes toward Globalization among Irbid University College Students
Authors: Al Momani Hazim I.
Published: August 2017

This study aims at identifying the value matrix and its relationship with attitudes toward globalization among Irbid University college students. To achieve this aim, the researcher designed a scale for value matrix that consisted of 60 items distributed to six value domains; religious, social, economic, theoretical, aesthetic and political. A scale for the attitude toward globalization that consisted of 48 items was also designed. Both instruments were administered to a sample of 217 female students who were randomly chosen.The findings of the study indicated that the degree of the adoption of Irbid university college students of value matrix was medium. The religious values ranked first in the pyramid of value matrix: then came in sequence the social, followed by theoretical, economic, aesthetic and finally political. The findings showed that Irbid University college students’ attitude toward globalization was medium. There was significantly positive correlation between the value matrix and students attitudes toward globalization. Also, the correlations between the attitude toward globalization and each of economic, theoretical, aesthetic and political values were positive. However, there were negative correlations between the attitude toward globalization and each of religious and social value domains.
University Students’ Motives to Exercise According to the Self-Determination Theory
Authors: Zayed Kashef , Frieze Irene
Published: August 2017

The present study investigated exercise behavior and its motives among Sultan Qaboos University students. Self-determination theory was used to investigate the relationship between these motives and the actual exercise behavior. The study sample consisted of 263 students from the Faculty of Education at Sultan Qaboos University (129 male and 134 female). The participants completed two questionnaires: an exercise behavior questionnaire which was developed specifically for this study; and an Arabic version of the Exercise Motivation Inventory (EMI-2), which was developed by Markland and Ingledew. Descriptive statistics showed that 20% of male students and 77% of female students didn’t participate at all in any sport and exercise activities; 45% of male students and 21% of female students participated moderately in sport and exercise activities (2-3 times a week); while 35% of the male students and 2% of the female students participated intensively in sport and exercise activities (almost on daily basis). Results indicated that intrinsic motives for exercise behavior (challenge, revitalization, health, affiliation and enjoyment) were common among the male participants. However, physically active females, extrinsic motivations (ill-health avoidance, positive health, revitalization, weight management, and appearance) were the major driving forces for their exercise behavior. Results of the current study provide support for the application of the self-determination theory within the Arab context.
Bertil Malmberg, Estudios de fonética hispánica. C.S.I.C., Madrid, 1965; 154 pp.
Authors: Mosonyi Esteban Emilio
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Estudios de fonética hispánica.
Rodolfo Oroz, La lengua castellana en Chile. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 1966; 545 pp.
Authors: Ávila Raúl
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La lengua castellana en Chile.
Joaquín Casalduero, Sentido y forma del "Quijote" (1605-1615). 2a. ed. Ínsula, Madrid, 1966; 405 pp.-3a. ed., ibid., 1970; 405 pp.
Authors: Kersten Raquel
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Sentido y forma del "Quijote" (1605-1615).
Daniel A. Fineman (ed.), Studies in western literature. The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 1962 (Scripta Hierosolymitana, 10).
Authors: Tejera María Josefina
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Studies in western literature.
La profecía medieval en la literatura castellana y su relación con las corrientes proféticas europeas
Authors: Gimeno Casalduero Joaquín
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Hacia un mejor conocimiento del Siglo XVIII español
Authors: Zavala Iris M.
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Arturo Serrano Plaja, Realismo "mágico" en Cervantes. Gredos, Madrid, 1967; 236 pp. (BRH, Campo abierto, 20).
Authors: Rodríguez-Luis Julio
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Realismo "mágico" en Cervantes.
Manuel Alvar, Estructuralisrno, geografía lingüistica y dialectología actual. Gredos, Madrid, 1969; 167 pp. (BRH, Estudios y ensayos, 137).
Authors: Moreno de Alba José G.
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Estructuralisrno, geografía lingüistica y dialectología actual.
Lubomír Bartos, El presente y el porvenir del español en América. Universita J. E, Purkyné, Brno, 1971; 87 pp. (Opera Universitatis Purkynianae Brunensis, Facultas Philosophica, 167).
Authors: Lope Blanch Juan M.
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: El presente y el porvenir del español en América.
PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Association of America: tomo 69 (1954).
Authors: Vergara M. A.
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó: PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Association of America: tomo 69 (1954).