bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of ANGPTL4 May Reduce the Expression of LPL during Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte
Authors:   National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, X Zhao , F Zhang ,   National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, Y Liu ,   National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, H Liu ,   National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, C Wang ,   National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, H Ao ,   The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China, K Xing ,   Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
Published: May 2021

Adipose tissue is a complex, highly metabolically active tissue. The expansion of adipose tissue is mainly affected by two processes: the number of adipocytes and the change of adipocyte size. Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by multiple factors. 3T3-L1 preadipocyte line has become the most widely studied cell line for adipocyte proliferation, differentiation and regulation of related genes. In our previous study, we found that ANGPTL4 was related to preadipocyte differentiation through PPAR signaling pathway. Recent studies have shown that ANGPTL4 has functions of regulating oncogenesis, vascular permeability, glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis. In this study, we observed the changes of key genes expression before and after inhibiting ANGPTL4 to explore how ANGPTL4 influence on lipid metabolism. Results shows that, ANGPTL4 and LPL have similar expression pattern. We suspect that, ANGPTL4 and LPL may form a pathway, when ANGPTL4 is suppressed it may block the pathway and inhibit LPL.
Inferences of Carbon Dioxide in Present-Day Cell Culture Systems: An Unacknowledged Problem and Perspectives
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India, AK Dubey , L Lavanya ,   Department of Biochemistry, REVA University, India, D Sadananda ,   WPU Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, India, K Gouthami ,   School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, India, K Elfansu ,   Division of Molecular Biology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, India, A Singh ,   Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, India, A Singh ,   ISF College of Pharmacy, India, AK Singh ,   Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
Published: May 2021

The impact of cell culture technology has been immense in the field of research and pharmaceutical sciences. Suitable environmental conditions are paramount need in order to maintain the cell line in an in-vitro condition. Since the biological processes are highly susceptible to acid-base chemistry, variations among the factors will have a severe effect on cellular integrity that often leads to hypercapnia and senescence of the cells. pH regulation in the cell culture environment is a fundamental biological phenomenon of great significance for the growth and metabolism of cells. This review focuses on the implications of the two critical factors carbon dioxide (CO2), pH, and their correlated effects in the mammalian culture system. Bicarbonate buffer plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis as dissolved CO2 hydration occurs in bicarbonate (HCO3-) and H+ equilibriums. If pH is not controlled, inhibition of CO2 causes acidification in the medium. In contrast, if pH is not regulated by integrating essential requirements, the equilibrium reaction shifts to the right towards the hydrogen ions that maintains the balance. Despite a few literatures exhibiting the role of carbon dioxide in cell culture, the present review distinguishes from them by showing the effects of CO2 in the in-vitro environment in maintaining the pH balance and cellular integrity. Thus, ensuring the proper mechanism of the utilization of CO2 and pH in the cell culture system will undoubtedly lead to the exploration of enormous concepts in the present crucial study.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Microbial Quality of Minimally Processed Product in Tunisia: A Case of Ready to Eat Salad
Authors:   Tunis El Manar University, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CNSTN), Tunisia, F Rahmani , M Yahya ,   Tunis El Manar University, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CNSTN), Tunisia, S Jebri ,   Tunis El Manar University, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CNSTN), Tunisia, I Amri ,   Tunis El Manar University, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CNSTN), Tunisia, F Hmaied ,   Tunis El Manar University, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CNSTN), Tunisia, A Mejri ,   Ionizing Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory, National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CNSTN), Tunisia, M Hamdi ,   University of Carthage, National Institute of Applied Sciences of Tunis (INSAT), Tunisia
Published: May 2021

The use of gamma irradiation in food safety management as a tool to improve the microbiological quality of food products. Minimally processed product may contain a large number of spoilage microorganisms that constitute a potential health risk. In this study, raw carrot samples and fresh-cut products after each processing steps: water chlorination, peeling process and citric acid treatment were analyzed for the total aerobic plate count, Staphylococcus spp., yeasts and molds. Ready to eat products were also analyzed for these selective pathogens. The freshly packaged carrot salads were irradiated at various doses (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 kGy) and analyzed during 15 days storage period. The obtained results showed that raw carrots were highly contaminated by total aerobic plate count (7.23 Log10/25g), Staphylococcus spp. (3.77 Log10/25g), yeasts (5.62 Log10/25g) and molds (5.54 Log10/25g). Washing treatment and peeling process, were able to reduce the concentration of total aerobic plate count by 2.23 Log10 and to remove Staphylococcus spp. and molds. The mean concentrations of total aerobic plate count, Staphylococcus spp. yeasts and molds were 4.87, 2.08, 7.47 and 2 Log10/25g respectively for packaged salads. These results suggest that the contamination of carrot salads might occur through chain transformation. Regarding gamma irradiation effect, an optimal dose of 2kGy offered a pathogen-free, hygienic product in comparison with controls. Furthermore it increased shelf-life by 4 to 9 days at refrigeration temperature. The validity of the processing treatment at 2kGy was challenged by artificially inoculating Staphylococcus aureus in the product.
Lipomatous Neurofibroma of the Tongue: Report of an Exceptionally Rare Case
Authors:   Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hirosaki University, Japan, Harada Hiroshi , Ogura Takafumi ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, Japan, Namikawa Mari ,   First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University, Japan, Nakatsuka Shin-ichi ,   Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Sakai City Medical Center, Japan, Kurose Akira ,   Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hirosaki University, Japan
Published: May 2021

Lipomatous neurofibroma is a special subtype of neurofibroma, which includes abundant mature adipoid tissue, and usually presents subcutaneous location. We describe herein an exceptionally rare case of lipomatous neurofibroma of the tongue. The patient was a 46-year-old Japanese female, who had a well demarcated mass lesion of the tongue. The tumor was composed of mature adipoid tissue and haphazardly arranged spindle cells, which lacked cellular atypia and mitotic activity. Also lipoblast-mimicking cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles were intermingled within the tumor. Immunohistochemical study revealed strong positive reaction for S100 protein in the tumor. While spindle cells were negative for CD34, alpha-smooth muscle actin, neurofilament, Leu-7, glial fibrillary acidic protein, p63, epithelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin AE1/AE3, type IV collagen highlighted delicate fibrillary cytoplasmic process. Although tumor cells were negative for SOX10 as well, positive cells were sporadically identified within the fibrous capsule, which could suggest intraneural occurrence of the tumor.
Analysis of Micro-RNAs Profile Identifies miR-3065-3p, miR-4650-3p, miR-29b-2-5p, and miR-3915 as Novel Biomarkers in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Banaras Hindu University, Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, India, R Bhushan , D Gupta ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ashirwad Hospital, India, A Rani ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banaras Hindu University, India, S Upadhyay ,   Banaras Hindu University, Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, India, A Tripathi ,   Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, India, PK Dubey ,   Banaras Hindu University, Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, India
Published: May 2021

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by carbohydrate intolerance. Complete mechanisms involved in pathophysiology of GDM are still not well known and hence makes its early diagnosis and treatment a difficult task. Micro-RNAs are non-coding RNAs and have been found to be associated with many diseases including GDM. Methods: Here, we analyzed the transcriptomic datasets (GSE98043) to unravel the role of miRNAs in GDM. We processed and analyzed the microarray datasets to find differentially expressed miRNAs followed by miRNA-mRNA gene regulatory module to have a better understanding of its regulation. Results: We identified a total of 128 Differentially Expressed (DE) miRNAs, of which the top 20 were selected for downstream processing. Four potential GDM miRNAs biomarkers namely miR-3065-3p, miR-4650-3p, miR-29b-2- 5p and miR-3915 were significantly altered in GDM. The micro-RNAs were linked to carbohydrate metabolism, insulin signaling, and cell proliferation and apoptosis. The pathways enrichment analysis shows that they are involved in insulin signaling and pathways related to cancer. Conclusions: Our study lead to the identification of four potential GDM miRNAs biomarkers namely miR-3065-3p, miR-4650-3p, miR-29b-2-5p and miR-3915 were significantly altered in GDM and can be used as diagnostic as well as therapeutic purpose.
Overview: Autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors:   Unit of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Services, University Hospital “G. Martino”, Via Consolare Valeria, 1 98100 Messina, Italy, A Petrungaro , F Scudo ,   Unit of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Services, University Hospital “G. Martino”, Via Consolare Valeria, 1 98100 Messina, Italy, E Quartarone ,   Unit of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Services, University Hospital “G. Martino”, Via Consolare Valeria, 1 98100 Messina, Italy
Published: May 2021

The implant of autologous mononuclear cells is an avant-garde method based on the use of a cell population within our body to regenerate tissues that have been damaged by various pathological events. The biological assumption is the richness and complexity of biochemical and cellular phenomena inherent in both organism response to damage and tissue regeneration. The key role is played by the mononuclear phagocyte system which regulates and modulates the activity of mesenchymal stem cells capable of differentiating and providing tissue repair. This system does not only have a traditional “scavenger” function within the immune system, but it is also of central importance in the modulation and activation of the response to tissue damage, be it traumatic, surgical, or degenerative. In this review we summarize the main features of this method and the most common uses in clinical practice where the interest is growing considering both the powerful, rapid and documented regenerative response of the various “target” tissues: vascular, cartilage, bone, muscle and tendon tissue.
Inhabitual Abdominal Pain: A Mesenteric Veinous Thombosis wih Negative D-Dimer, a Case Report
Authors:   Hospital Begin, France, L Lamarque , L Thomas ,   Department of Emergency, Hospital Begin, France
Published: May 2021

It is about the fortuitous discovery of a mesentric thrombosis without signs of gravity, in front of an atypical abdominal pain in a man of 39 without antecedents and without clinical or biological abnormalities, in particular negative D-Dimer.
Maximizing TADF via Conformational Optimization
Authors: Kim Changhae Andrew , Van Voorhis Troy
Published: May 2021

We investigate a new strategy to enhance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Given that the TADF rate of a molecule depends on its conformation, we hypothesize that there exists a conformation that maximizes the TADF rate. In order to test this idea, we use time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) to simulate the TADF rates of several TADF emitters, while shifting their geometries towards higher TADF rates in a select subspace of internal coordinates. We find that geometric changes in this subspace can increase the TADF rate up to three orders of magnitude with respect to the minimum energy conformation, and the simulated TADF rate can even be brought into the submicrosecond timescales under the right conditions. Furthermore, the rate enhancement can be maintained with a conformational energy that are within the reach of modern synthetic chemistry. Analyzing the maximum TADF conformation, we extract a number of structural motifs that might provide a useful handle on the TADF rate of a donor-acceptor (DA) system. The incorporation of conformational engineering into the TADF technology could usher in a new paradigm of OLEDs.
Modular Integration of Hydrogel Neural Interfaces
Authors: Tabet Anthony , Antonini Marc-Joseph , Sahasrabudhe Atharva , Park Jimin , Rosenfeld Dekel , Koehler Florian , Yuk Hyunwoo , Hanson Samuel , Stinson Jordan A. , Stok Melissa , Zhao Xuanhe , Wang Chun , Anikeeva Polina
Published: May 2021

Thermal drawing has been recently leveraged to yield multi-functional, fiber-based neural probes at near kilometer length scales. Despite its promise, the widespread adoption of this approach has been impeded by (1) material compatibility requirements and (2) labor-intensive interfacing of functional features to external hardware. Furthermore, in multifunctional fibers, significant volume is occupied by passive polymer cladding that so far has only served structural or electrical insulation purposes. In this letter, we report a rapid, robust, and modular approach to creating multi-functional fiber-based neural interfaces using a solvent evaporation or entrapment driven (SEED) integration process. This process brings together electrical, optical, and microfluidic modalities all encased within a co-polymer comprised of water-soluble poly(ethylene glycol) tethered to water-insoluble poly(urethane) (PU-PEG). We employ these devices for simultaneous optogenetics and electrophysiology, and demonstrate that multi-functional neural probes can be used to deliver cellular cargo with high viability. Upon exposure to water, PU-PEG cladding spontaneously forms a hydrogel, which in addition to enabling integration of modalities, can harbor small molecules and nanomaterials that can be released into local tissue following implantation. We also synthesized a custom nanodroplet forming block polymer and demonstrated that embedding such materials within the hydrogel cladding of our probes enables delivery of hydrophobic small molecules in vitro and in vivo. Our approach widens the chemical toolbox and expands the capabilities of multi-functional neural interfaces.
Chitosan Nanocrystals Synthesis via Aging and Application Towards Alginate Hydrogels for Sustainable Drug Release
Authors: Jin Tony , Liu Tracy , Jiang Shuaibing , Michaelis Vladimir , Kurdyla David , Klein Brittney A. , Lam Edmond , Liu Jianyu , Moores Audrey
Published: May 2021

In this article, we demonstrate a new and clean method for the fabrication of chitosan nanocrystals relying on aging. We provide metrics to showcase the greeness of this method. We are then using these materials as building block to fabricate alginate hydrogels, and demonstrated that they have superior properties for gelation and drug release.
Sulphur and Molybdenum Incorporation at the Calcite-Water Interface: Insights from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Midgley Scott D. , Di Tommaso Devis , Fleitmann Dominik , Grau-Crespo Ricardo
Published: May 2021

Sulphur and molybdenum trace impurities in speleothems (stalagmites and stalactites) can provide long and continuous records of volcanic activity, which are important for past climatic and environmental reconstructions. However, the chemistry governing the incorporation of the trace-element bearing species into the calcium carbonate phases forming speleothems is not well understood. Our previous work has shown that substitution as tetrahedral oxyanions [XO4]2- (X=S, Mo) replacing [CO3]2- in CaCO3 bulk phases (except perhaps for vaterite) is thermodynamically unfavourable with respect to the formation of competing phases, due to the larger size and different shape of the [XO4]2- tetrahedral anions in comparison with the flat [CO3]2- anions, which implied that most of the incorporation would happen at the surface rather than the bulk of the mineral. Here we present an ab initio molecular dynamics study exploring the incorporation of these impurities at the mineral-water interface. We show that the oxyanions substitution at the aqueous calcite (10.4) surface is clearly favoured over bulk incorporation, due to the lower structural strain on the calcium carbonate solid. Incorporation at surface step sites is even more favourable for both oxyanions, thanks to the additional interface space afforded by the surface line defect to accommodate the tetrahedral anion. Differences between sulphate and molybdate substitution can be mostly explained by the size of the anions. The molybdate oxyanion is more difficult to incorporate in the calcite bulk than the smaller sulphate oxyanion. However, when molybdate is substituted at the surface, the elastic cost is avoided because the oxyanion protrudes out of the surface and gains stability via the interaction with water at the interface, which in balance results in more favourable surface substitution for molybdate than for sulphate. The detailed molecular-level insights provided by our calculations will be useful to understand the chemical basis of S- and Mo-based speleothem records.
Evaluation of Bone Densitometry in Rheumatoid Arthritis Case Control Study
Authors:   College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University , Iraq, Kader Media Shwan
Published: May 2021

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease that causes joint deformity, including erosion of bone, and narrowing of the joint space. Osteoporosis is more prevalent among rheumatoid arthritis patients than in the general population. Objective: To determine changes in the bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis patients and to evaluate factors were associated with bone mineral density. Patients and Methods: In this study, 70 cases with rheumatoid arthritis were included and 70 healthy subjects on the other hand as a control group. The data were collected including socio-demographic information of all patients’age, gender, medical histories included systemic diseases, types of biological agents, use of supplements, duration of the disease, smoking, and regular exercise. Bone mineral density was evaluated by using bone densitometry in two areas including Lumber 1 to lumber 4 and neck of the left femur. Statistical analyses were performed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22; Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square test Student’s t-test of two independent samples was used to comparing two means. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the rheumatoid arthritis group according to T-spine scores the prevalence of osteoporosis was 22.9%, osteopenia was 42.9% and normal bone mineral density was 34.4% compared with the control group 4.3%,42.9%,52.9% successively which were statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.003). According to femur neck T-scores in the rheumatoid arthritis group, 17.1% had osteoporosis, 34.3% had osteopenia and 48.6% had normal bone mineral density compared with the control group 2.9%,24.3%,72.9 respectively which were statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.003). lumber spine was the commonest site affected by osteoporosis (16 cases,22.9 %)and the second most common site was the femur neck (12 cases ,6.6%). The cases of 50 years and older were most commonly affected by osteoporosis (p-value = 0.0001). No significant association was detected between bone mineral density (as assessed with spine T-scores and femur T-scores) with gender, duration of the disease, BMI, exercise, supplement, systemic disease, and diabetes. Conclusion: Osteoporosis and osteopenia were considered as common complications in rheumatoid arthritis, the age of the patient also considered as a risk factor for reduced bone mineral density. Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis; Bone Mineral Density; Osteoporosis; Osteopenia
An Improved NID Steganography Method for Low Bitrate Speech on VoIP
Authors: Jin Liu , Zhang Yiwen
Published: May 2021

In the procedure of encoding process on low bitrate speech, fixed codebook division is an efficient and promising embedding method for steganography. An improved neighbor index division (NID) steganography method based on the high bitrate frame of G.723.1 codec (6.3kbit/s) is proposed, which employs the parity and low distortion of neighbor indices for G.723.1 fixed codebooks. Differing from previously NID method which performs quantized index modulation (QIM) beforehand, the proposed method divides codeword indices into separate sub-codebooks according to the secret message bits dynamically in the original G.723.1 codec quantization period. Compared with existing NID method, our proposed method doesn’t need to divide the codebook before the encoding starts. The embedding and codebook dividing happen simultaneously, which utilizes the characteristics of specific secret message bits. The experiment results show that the proposed method has a much lower quality degradation for the decoding speech and still fulfills the low latency requirement for communication.
The Legitimacy of Bougainville Secession from Papua New Guinea
Authors: Ilmi Muhammad Sandy
Published: May 2021

What started as a movement to demand a distributive justice in mining revenue in Bougainville, Papua New Guinea, the conflict turned into the struggle for secession. From 1970’s the demand for secession have been rife and despite early agreement for more autonomy and more mining revenue for the autonomous region, the demand never faded. Under Francis Ona’s Bougainville Revolutionary Army, the movement take a new heights. Bougainville Revolutionary Army took coercive measure to push the government to acknowledge their demands by taking over the mine at Panguna. Papua New Guinean government response was also combative and further exacerbate the issue. Papua New Guinean Defense Force involvement adding the issue of human rights into the discourse. This paper will seek to analyze the normative question surrounding the legitimacy of the right to secession in Bougainville Island. The protracted conflict has halted any form of development in the once the most prosperous province of Papua New Guinea and should Bougainville Island become independent, several challenges will be waiting for Bougainvilleans.
Pendekatan Strategis dalam Persaingan: Interdependensi Finansial Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok
Authors: Amalia Zulaekha
Published: May 2021

Tiongkok telah menjadi tantangan bagi kemajuan Amerika Serikat. Hal demikian didukung oleh fakta yang menunjukkan ketergantungan besar Amerika Serikat terhadap negara tersebut. Melalui kekuatan Tiongkok dari segi finansial dan ekonomi, Tiongkok mampu mengunci kekuatan Amerika Serikat di sistem internasional. Kondisi ini dapat menjadi ancaman dan berbahaya apabila kekuatan tersebut dijadikan senjata dan instrumen negara. Oleh sebab itu, artikel ini akan bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana pengaruh finansial dan ekonomi Tiongkok dapat menjadi ancaman bagi Amerika Serikat dan dunia. Kemudian, artikel ini akan menyuguhkan interdependensi finansial yang ditinjau melalui utang besar Amerika Serikat terhadap Tiongkok dan kaitannya terhadap perdagangan Tiongkok serta analisis ancaman yang terjadi akibat kekuatan tersebut. Artikel ini menggunakan konsep Power dan Interdependence yang diuraikan oleh Robert O. Keohane dan Joseph S. Nye Jr. untuk menjadi kerangka berpikir analisis. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif yang ditinjau melalui kajian literatur dari sumber data terkait. Asumsi dini menunjukkan bahwa Tiongkok memang memiliki pengaruh besar bagi keberlanjutan Amerika Serikat dan mau tidak mau kedua negara harus memiliki interdependensi yang kuat akibat ancaman yang dihadapi.
The Effect of Exercise on Reducing Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Levels and Attenuating Serotonin Transporter Gene Expression: A Research Protocol
Authors: Gunabalasingam Janany , Aggarwal Kajol
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The intricate relation between depression and inflammation has become a prevalent topic of discussion among the scientific community. Pro-inflammatory cytokines exert depressogenic effects by crossing the blood brain barrier and disrupting serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) homeostasis through serotonin transporters (SERTs). SERTs induce 5-HT reuptake, causing 5-HT deficiency. This study demonstrates that (1) exercise decreases levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), and (2) a decline in TNF-α attenuates SERT activity through the proposed mechanism of activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the hippocampus.
Methods: 32 Sprague-Dawley rats are randomly divided into four groups. Rats not exercising serve as control. Exercising rats, exposed to 6 weeks of treadmill exercise, receive either vehicle intracerebroventricular injection, intracerebroventricular injection of TNF-α antibody Infliximab, or intracerebroventricular injection of MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Control rats also receive vehicle intracerebroventricular injection. 24 hours post-injection, blood is collected, and serum is separated for an ELISA test to assess TNF-α levels. To measure SERT gene expression, RNA is isolated from hippocampal tissue and PCR is performed.
Results: Exercising rats are anticipated to show reduced TNF-α levels compared to control, confirming exercise decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines. Exercising rats should also show decreased SERT gene expression, as exercise attenuates TNF-α mediated stimulation of SERTs. SERT expression is expected to be similar in rats injected with Infliximab and SB203580, suggesting that TNF-α exerts its effect through the p38 MAPK pathway.
Discussion: Moderate intensity exercise reduces TNF-α levels, which limits 5-HT uptake by attenuating the expression of the SERT gene, thus mitigating depressive symptoms. It is also postulated that TNF-α modulates levels of SERT expression through the p38 MAPK pathway, as rats injected with SB203580 have shown to have similar gene expression as rats injected with Infliximab.
Conclusion: Understanding the negative correlation between exercise and depression provides insight into viable treatment alternatives for depression. Exercise may be used alone or in conjunction with current treatments to prevent or minimize symptoms of mood disorders. Further investigation may reveal the effects of other cytokines on extracellular 5-HT levels, and their consequent influence on depression and its symptoms.
Integration of off-line & on-line: the Concept and Action Choice of Online Teaching of Vocational Education in Post-epidemic Era
Authors: Zhang Ningyu , Duan Ximin
Published: May 2021

During the epidemic period, vocational colleges made a preliminary exploration of online teaching in response to the national call of "suspending classes without stopping learning",Due to lack of experience, many problems and deficiencies were exposed. This paper systematically analyzes and summarizes the crux of online teaching in vocational colleges during the epidemic period, and then combs out the reform ideas of online teaching,which provides certain guidance and action path for the normal operation of online teaching mechanism in the post-epidemic era—integration of off-line & on-line, and concretely expounds the specific path of integration of off-line & on-line towards normalization of from three levels: home-school integration, virtual-real integration and production-education integration.
The New Goal and Path Choice of the Development of China's Vocational and Technical Education
Authors: Feng Xiaohong
Published: May 2021

The development of China's Vocational and technical education is the inevitable product of the times, which has important practical significance. The definition of the training objectives of undergraduate talents in Vocational Education in China should be placed in the whole higher education system, especially in the distinction between junior college and undergraduate; It is the difference between general education and vocational education in undergraduate level. In order to carry out the reform smoothly and effectively, we should always focus on the goal of talent training, improve the professional level of the school by deepening the integration of production and education, enhance the technical ability of students by strengthening the cooperation between school and enterprise, and guarantee the teaching quality of the school by paying close attention to the teaching staff.
PERAN EDUKATOR PERAWAT MELALUI TERAPI NON FARMAKOLOGI DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS TIDUR PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA
Authors: Anggraini Dian , Marfuah Dewi , Puspasari Susy
Published: May 2021

Background: Quality sleep is needed by breast cancer patients in order to maintain good physical condition and immune system. Nurses have a role as educators who provide health education. Health education that can be given is non-pharmacological therapy, namely music therapy and PMR to improve sleep quality. Health education for patients is felt to be very important considering that patients are not always hospitalized so that it is hoped that with health education, patients can carry out care independently at home.Methods: The way of implementing community service activities is carried out by exposing non-pharmacological therapies with nurses who are in charge of the chemotherapy room. After being given the material, the selected nurse will apply the therapy to the patient in order to improve the quality of sleep for breast cancer patients who are given chemotherapy.Results: The provision of music therapy and PMR had a positive effect on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Most of the patients involved in this service reported an improvement in the quality of sleep.Discussion: Good quality sleep is needed by breast cancer patients to regenerate and repair body cells. Music therapy combined with PMR is effective in reducing physical arousal activity which results in decreased muscle tone so that sleep quality can be fulfilled.
PELATIHAN DETEKSI DINI GANGGUAN JIWA PADA KADER KESEHATAN DI DESA BUGANGAN KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN
Authors: Nafiah Hana , Kamalah Aisyah Dzil
Published: May 2021

Mental disorders still become an important issue in the health sector. Problems related to mental health in the community include knowledge, stigma and mental health services. Health resources in Indonesia still has various limitation, and integrating primary services so an effort that can be solve is to integrate primary services. One of the efforts that can be made at the primary care level is the formation of mental health cadres. Health cadres need to be given training in an effort to improve cadres' abilities to manage health services, especially to providing health education directly to the surrounding community. Community service activities carried out were training on early detection of mental disorders for 25 health cadres in Bugangan Village. Cadre knowledge about mental disorders increased 28% and cadres were able to know how to do early detection of mental disorders. The output of this community service activity is the formation of mental health cadres capable of early detection of mental disorders in the community. The next community service activity is expected to be able to screening the results of early detection of the community in as a form of preventive measures for risk groups.Key words: early detection; mental health cadres; mental health problems
PEMBERDAYAAN KADER KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGENDALIAN TUBERKULOSIS
Authors: Kusuma Arif Hendra , Anggraeni Atika Dhiah
Published: May 2021

Tuberkulosis merupakan suatu penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eliminasi tuberkulosis juga menjadi salah satu dari  fokus utama pemerintah di bidang kesehatan. Program pengendalian terhadap tuberkulosis, salah satunya yaitu TOSS TB (Temukan TB, Obati Sampai Sembuh). Program TOSS TB diharapkan mampu menggerakkan masyarakat untuk turut serta menemukan kasus-kasus TB baru yang ada di lingkungan sekitar dan memantau pengobatannya hingga tuntas. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepedulian masyarakat dalam mencegah penularan TB dan menjalani pengobatan sampai sembuh. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu penyuluhan kesehatan dan pelatihan kader kesehatan tentang program pengendalian tuberculosis dengan TOSS TB. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah kader kesehatan masyarakat Desa Karangkemiri dengan jumlah peserta 38 orang. Hasil dari kegiatan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan kader kesehatan masyarakat tentang tuberculosis dan program pengendalian tuberculosis. Kesimpulan kegiatan pemeberdayaan kader kesehatan masyarakat  dalam pengendalian tuberculosis bermanfaat bagi kader kesehatan masyarakat.
PENGARUH EDUKASI TERSTRUKTUR DENGAN MEDIA VIDEO TERHADAP KEPATUHAN ENAM LANGKAH MENCUCI TANGAN PADA KELUARGA PASIEN RUANG ICU
Authors: Mayastuti Ni Ketut , Putra Putu Wira Kusuma , Laksmi Ida Ayu Agung
Published: May 2021

Ruang ICU merupakan ruang intensif dengan prinsip bersih, merawat pasien – pasien kritis yang rentan sekali mengalami infeksi nosokomial/HAIs. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya infeksi silang antara pasien ke keluarganya ataupun sebaliknya adalah dengan mencuci tangan. Untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan mencuci tangan, keluarga pasien perlu diberikan edukasi. Penelitian ini bertujun untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi terstruktur dengan media video terhadap kepatuhan enam langkah mencuci tangan pada keluarga pasien di ruang ICU RSUD Kabupaten Klungkung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif desain Quasi Experimental dengan rancangan Pre tes Post test with Control Group Design. Tehnik sampling yang digunakan yaitu Nonprobability sampling dengan sistem Consecutive sampling, jumlah sampel 32 orang pada keluarga pasien ruang ICU RSUD Kabupaten Klungkung yang terbagi atas 16 orang pada kelompok perlakuan dan 16 orang pada kelompok kontrol. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi dengan alat ukur ceklist. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh edukasi terstruktur dengan media video terhadap kepatuhan enam langkah mencuci tangan pada keluarga pasien ruang ICU, Pvalue=0,0001 (P<0,05). Manajemen RSUD Kabupaten Klungkung dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan enam langkah mencuci tangan pada keluarga pasien dengan memberikan edukasi melalui media video. Kata kunci          : Edukasi, media video, kepatuhan, cuci tangan
Efektivitas Perlakuan Kombinatif Plasma Medis dan Ekstrak Daun Sirih untuk Mempercepat Penyembuhan Luka Fase Proliferasi pada Model Mencit Diabetik
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Eka Sakti , Nasruddin Nasruddin , Rahayu Heni Setyowati Esti , Lutfiyati Heni , Sikumbang Isabella Meliawati , Nurani Laela Hayu , Rohmani Afiana , Salsabila Nia , Putri Gela Setya Ayu
Published: May 2021

The continued increase in the number of people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia is a serious problem. One of the big problems for people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the emergence of complications of diabetic wounds. To date the strategy for treatment of diabetic wounds has been limited to the use of wound dressing, cell therapy and oxygen therapy. The problem is that the strategy is not fully successful. Thus, it is very important to look for new strategies to improve the quality of diabetic wound healing, such as by applying a combination of plasma medicine and local natural product, like the extraction of Daun sirih (Piper betle) leaves. Plasma medicine is a relatively new and multidisciplinary study involving plasma science, biomedical, pharmaceutical and other health sciences aimed at applying plasma to therapeutic health. Plasma is the fourth phase of matter, after the solid, liquid and gas phase. The medical aspects of plasma are related to the ability of plasma to produce biological molecules Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (RONS). If RONS is controlled in the right dosage it can be efficacious for health therapy. This study intends to examine the effects of combinative treatment of plasma medicine and Piper betel leaf extract for proliferation phase of wound healing in diabetic small animal model. This study used male Balb c mice with acute wounds which were divided into 5 groups, namely groups of untreated normal mice (ND-TP), groups of untreated diabetic mice (D-TP), groups of diabetic mice wounds with Piper betel leaf extract (DS ), the wound group of diabetic mice with plasma medicine (DP) and the wound group of diabetic mice with plasma medicine and Piper betel leaf (DPS). The plasma medicine was treated on wound with condition non-contact style (the plasma jet did not touch the wound) with a distance of plasma jet reactor nozzle to the surface of wound about 20 mm, for 2 minutes, every day. Macroscopic observation of wounds is carried out every day from day 0 to 7. On day 7 it was seen that the size of the wound area for D-P-S was smaller than the other groups. The results of this study indicated that Piper betel leaf extract can potentially be used to optimize the performance of plasma medicine in accelerating diabetic wound healing during the proliferation phase. Further investigation, however, is important to be conducted to study the effect for all phases of wound healing and its mechanism histo-pathologically.
INFLUENCE OF HEALING GARDENS TO DECREASING PATIENT ANXIETY IN ONE OF PRIVATE HOSPITAL YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Setyani Fransisca Anjar Rina , Setyani Fransisca Anjar Rina , Maria Theresia Siwi Ikaristi
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Chronic disease often cause patients feeling anxious in which it give negative consequences on their physical, emotional, social, intelectual and spiritual condition. Nurse can applay complementary therapy such as healing gardens to reduce patient anxiety level. Healing gardens can give comfortable situation, therfore it can improve relaxtation and reduce stress that can make hospitalization shorter. Some researres, results show that healing gardens can improve relaxtation and reduce patients anxiety who are sick.Purpose: To identify the relationship between healing gardens toward reducing chronic patients anxiety level in one of Private Hospital in Yogyakarta.Methode: Research design which was done was observation. Population in this research were all chronical hospitalized patient in in one of Private Hospital in Yogyakartaa from August to October 2015. Total sample in this research were 30 respondens who are choosed randomly.Result: The test result of data analysis on the difference of before and after experiencing healing gardens showed p value 0.000 (p value < 0.05), means that healing gardens can reduce chronical panients anxiety level.Conculsion and suggestion: Healing gardens can reduce anxiety level in chronic illnes patients. Hospital should applay healing gardens toward chronical patients in order to reduce patient anxiety level. For nurse, they also should give and touch to patients who were doing healing gardens where these can psychologically can improve their safety and comfortable so it can reduce patients anxiety level. Key words: healing gardens, anxiety, chronic disease.
HUBUNGAN TRIASE PASIEN DENGAN KONDISI PSIKOLOGIS KELUARGA DI UNIT GAWAT DARURAT
Authors: Asti Arnika Dwi , Jaisyan Nafahima , Sumarsih Tri , Nugroho Irmawan Andri
Published: May 2021

Latar Belakang : Kondisi psikologis keluarga meliputi kecemasan, depresi, dan stres sangat mungkin terjadi saat ada anggota keluarga yang sakit dan harus dirawat di Rumah Sakit. Perubahan psikologis ini akan sangat terlihat saat pasien masuk ke Unit Gawat Darurat (UGD) dan kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh penggolongan triase pasien. Perubahan psikologis keluarga di UGD akan berpengaruh pada dukungan dan keputusan keluarga dalam proses perawatan pasien.Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi hubungan triase pasien dengan tingkat kecemasan, depresi, dan stres keluarga pasien di UGD.Metode: Ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif  korelatif dengan metode kuantitatif dan pendekatan non eksperimen. Sebanyak 30 responden diambil dengan  teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dengan distribusi frekuensi dan korelasi Pearson Chi Square.Hasil : Terdapat 16 pasien (53,3%) yang masuk dalam triase zona hijau. Sebanyak 13 keluarga (43,3%) menunjukkan kecemasan sedang, sebanyak 12 keluarga (40,0%) mengalami stres ringan dan  sebanyak 20 keluarga (66,7%) mengalami depresi normal. Hasil penghitungan Chi-Square menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara triase pasien dengan kecemasan keluarga sebesar p=0.00 (p<0.05), triase pasien dengan stress keluarga sebesar p=0.00 (p<0.05) dan triase pasien dengan depresi keluarga sebesar p=0.01 (p<0.05).Kesimpulan: Triase pasien di UGD memiliki hubungan dengan kondisi psikologis keluarga. Semakin baik kondisi triase pasien, semakin baik pula kondisi psikologis keluarga.Rekomendasi: Penting bagi perawat untuk melakukan asuhan keperawatan secara holistik termasuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga pasien di UGD agar kondisi psikologis keluarga pasien tetap terjaga baik sehingga keluarga mampu memberi keputusan perawatan pasien dengan baik.
LITERASI KESEHATAN PASIEN HEMODIALISIS DI RUMAH SAKIT HASAN SADIKIN BANDUNG
Authors: Pratiwi Sri Hartati , Sari Eka Afrima , Kurniawan Titis
Published: May 2021

Pasien hemodialisis harus menjalankan berbagai pengobatan untuk mengurangi gejala yang dirasakannya. Dalam menjalankan pengobatan tersebut, pasien hemodialisis perlu menjalankan self-management. Berbagai penelitian menunjukan bahwa banyak pasien hemodialisis yang tidak patuh dalam menjalankan self-management. Literasi kesehatan merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang menentukan kepatuhan pasien dalam pengobatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi literasi kesehatan pasien hemodialisis. Tekhnik sampel yang digunakan adalah Concecutive sampling dengan jumlah 129 orang. Kriteria inklusi Pasien hemodialisis yang memiliki kesadaran penuh disertai tanda-tanda vital stabil. Kuesioner yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan dari HLS-EU-Q47 pada pasien dialisis yang dikembangkan oleh Martin et.al. (2012). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar sebagian besar responden memiliki literasi kesehatan yang cukup yaitu 96 orang (74,4%) dan 33 orang memiliki literasi yang baik (25,6%).  Item yang dirasakan cukup mudah oleh responden adalah mencari informasi kesehatan di semua ruang lingkup, memahami informasi dalam pencegahan penyakit, menilai informasi kesehatan di semua lingkup, serta menggunakan informasi dalam promosi kesehatan. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar pasien hemdoialisis memiliki literasi kesehatan yang cukup, tetapi masih ada beberapa item yang dirasakan masih sulit untuk dilakukan pasien. Perawat diharapkan dapat membantu untuk meningkatkan literasi pasien dengan memberikan edukasi, motivasi dan evaluasi secara menyeluruh dan berkesinambungan.
Imbalance Detection of Rotor Rotational Speed Using Doppler Radar
Authors: Choi Young-Jae , Choi In-Sik
Published: May 2021

In operating a wind turbine, both predictive and condition-based maintenances are required to minimize the downtime caused by maintenance. The imbalance of rotor rotational speed is an important factor for diagnosing wind turbine failures. The rotational speed imbalance can be caused by accumulated damage or the accumulation of ice, dust, and moisture. In this paper, we proposed a method for detecting the rotational speed imbalance of a wind turbine using a Doppler radar. We calculated the difference in the rotational speed for different times using spectrograms obtained by observing the wind turbine with a Doppler radar and determined the rotational speed imbalance using the fast Fourier transform. The performance of the proposed algorithm was verified using both synthetic and numerical data.
Analytical Dispersion Equations of a Lossy Coaxial Waveguide in the Microwave and Visible Spectra
Authors: Cho Yong Heui
Published: May 2021

Analytical hybrid-mode dispersion relations of a lossy coaxial waveguide were rigorously analyzed using a mode-matching technique. In order to model a practical coaxial line with inevitable losses, we adopted an all-dielectric coaxial waveguide surrounded by the perfect electric conductor (PEC) boundary. The rigorous dispersion characteristics of the TM01, TE01, and EH11 modes were investigated for lossy coaxial waveguides filled with different electrical conductivities. Based on the exact solutions, approximate but accurate dispersion equations were proposed for the TM0p, TE0p , EHmp, and HEmp modes in order to estimate and compare the behaviors of complex propagation constants in the microwave and visible spectra.
Measurement of Analog Modulation Index with a Calibrated Radio Frequency Attenuator
Authors: Cho Chihyun , Koo Hyunji , Kwon Jae-Yong , Lee Joo-Gwang , Kang Tae-Weon
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a method for the accurate and traceable measurement of the analog modulation index. A calibrated step attenuator was used as the main apparatus because it has a higher dynamic range and lower uncertainty than a spectrum analyzer or an oscilloscope. In amplitude modulation (AM), the modulation index is obtained from the amplitude difference between the carrier and the first sideband, as in the conventional method. The resolution and calibration uncertainties of the step attenuator were propagated to the measurement uncertainty of the modulation index. The uncertainty produced by the impedance mismatch and repeatability was also included. For frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM), the modulation index, β, was estimated (with the step attenuator) from the spectrum of each sideband through the nonlinear fitting of the Bessel function. Thus, the uncertainty of the fitting process was added to the uncertainty of the measurement. The three modulations, AM, FM, and PM, exhibited an expanded uncertainty (approximately 95% confidence level, k = 2) of 0.372% for 50% nominal depth of the AM, 88.8 Hz for the peak frequency deviation of 10 kHz, and 0.88 mrad for a 0.1 radian modulation index, respectively.