bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islam and Democracy
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Yakhyaev Mukhtar Yakhyaevich
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the range of opinions on the problem of compatibility of democracy with Islam that have emerged among the Islamic scholars. It is established that the impossi-bility of democratic governance in a Muslim country is deduced by Western intellectuals both from the peculiarities of the Islamic religion and from the natural anger, aggressive in-tolerance, and a tendency to violence attributed to Muslims. Muslim intellectuals who sub-stantiate the incompatibility of democracy with Islam proceed from the unacceptable identi-fication of democracy with its liberal model. Their argumentation is reinforced by the demonstration of those social vices that the liberal democratic countries of the Western world have encountered and from which the Muslim ummah is protected by the strict ob-servance of the spiritual and moral precepts of the religion of Allah.
The author derives the historical diversity of models, forms and versions of democ-racy from the specific historical features of the development of peoples and countries, from the political traditions of their state organization, the social and class structuring of socie-ties, national mentality, dominant religion, etc. The author concludes that the specific mod-els of political governance that have established themselves in Muslim countries are evi-dence of their better adaptation to solving urgent development problems. On this basis, the attempts of apologists of a unipolar world to present the values of liberal democracy as “universal” democratic values and to impose them on the Muslim world as the only accepta-ble ones for countries following the path of democratic development are subjected to critical analysis. The author argues that liberal democracy as a form of exercising power is impossi-ble in a Muslim country due to the complete disregard by liberalism of the Islamic factor of the state and political organization of the life of the Muslim ummah. However, in a Muslim country, a democracy that corresponds to the ideological values of the Islamic religion, which differ in many ways from the secular values of liberalism, can be established.
Modern Practices of Popular Islam among the Lezgins of Dagestan
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Razakhanov Said Seferbekovich ,   Department of Ethnography, Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography,  Dagestan Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Seferbekov Ruslan Ibragimovich
Published: December 2024

The article is based on ethnographic field material collected in Lezgin villages The authors describe modern practices associated with the cult of Muslim saints and the veneration of pirs and ziyarat. These shrines are used by the local population in rituals of mantika, weather magic, “binding” the wolf's mouth and in traditional medicine. The origins of these views are in the antiquity and relate to early forms of religion – magic, animism, fetishism, shamanism, cults of ancestors, stone, wood and water. Being near sacred objects dictated to the ritual participants a certain ethics of contact with their boundaries, which (through attributes) emphasized their otherworldliness.
With the Islamization of Dagestan, these forms of religious views were transformed and be-came an organic part of popular Islam, manifested in collective and individual prayers, the ritual of zikr, the distribution of sadakah (alms), performed in rainmaking rituals, agricultural rituals, and the healing of people and livestock from various diseases. The preservation of ancient pre-Islamic cults and practices in the ritual culture of the Lezgins and the Sufi form of Islam they profess in the first quarter of the 21st century testifies to their importance in the system of mental values, ethnic, na-tional, cultural and religious identities of the Lezgin ethnic group in the era of globalization.
Spillover Effect of Development Performance on Environmental Quality in Sumatra, Indonesia: The Role of Democracy and the Adverse Impacts of Economic Activity
Authors: Sari Raina Linda , Rahman Arif , Nasution Inggrita Gusti Sari , Lubis Irsad
Published: December 2024

Environmental issues are increasing as human activities damage ecosystems and trigger climate change. This increasing pressure has led to a concentration on development that is not only economically and socially but also environmentally oriented. In line with the spirit of the WCED in 1987, this study aims to assess the direct and spillover impacts of development performance on environmental quality in Sumatra Island. Observations from 2015 to 2022. The data used is panel data derived from the Indonesian government authorities. The research method uses a spatial autoregressive model with one nearest neighbor weighting. Previously, a cross-section dependence test was conducted to ensure the presence of spatial effects in the model. The result showed that increasing the proportion of highly educated workers will improve environmental quality in the observation province and improve the environment in the nearest neighboring province. Democracy also has strong positive direct and spillover effects. An increase in the dependency burden of workers will improve environmental quality in the observation province, with weak spillover effects. Conversely, an increase in real GRDP per capita decreases environmental quality and affects environmental quality in neighboring regions. Four determinants have a strong total effect. Meanwhile, population density and regional expenditure have no significant effect. The implication of this study is the need for intervention from the authorities to change the perspective on economic activity and regional expenditure as a whole so that economic value added does not come at the expense of the environment.
Cultural Activism in Miniature: Exploring the Role of Dolls in the Kenyan Context
Authors: Mehrgut Sara
Published: December 2024

This article examines the role of dolls in the history of Kenya, from before colonization to the contemporary era. Dolls, female figures molded by what society dictates as being a woman, are powerful symbols handed down to girls, reflecting cultural and identity values. In pre-colonial societies, dolls were playmates that prepared the girl for societal care or fertility amulets, indicating to the adolescent her responsibility for the community's survival. With colonization came the uprooting and death of many traditions. The few dolls that survived became symbols of resistance against British cultural hegemony, and nowadays, they can be seen as forms of mnemonic activism. Additionally, the arrival of the white doll in the hands of local girls helped many grow trapped in an intricate paradox: they wanted to be seen as beautiful and valuable according to Eurocentric standards while also wishing to celebrate their unique cultural identities. In response to this situation, several Kenyan women entrepreneurs have created modern dolls representing the diversity of the country, but their challenge is to compete in a market where the white doll is always cheaper.
New evidence on factors influencing online shoppers' impulse purchase intentions on TikTok Live: The role of swift guanxi
Authors:   Faculty of Business and Economics, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang, Indonesia, Jirui Dong , Antonio Ferdi ,   Faculty of Business and Economics, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang, Indonesia, Hermawan Asep ,   Faculty of Business and Economics, Trisakti University, West Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine consumer needs related to product quality, swift guanxi-like culture, live streaming richness, e-activity lifestyle, and impulse buying intentions on TikTok Live. Using data from an online survey with 124 respondents from UPH, the study analyzed results with the SEMPLS statistical tool. Findings indicate that product quality positively influences impulse buying intentions and enhances live streaming richness. Additionally, swift guanxi has a positive impact on both impulse buying intentions and live streaming richness. The study also reveals that live streaming richness positively affects impulse buying intentions. Furthermore, the e-activity lifestyle mediates the relationship between swift guanxi and impulse buying intentions on live platforms. A novel aspect of this research is the development of the live streaming concept into the construct of "live streaming richness." These insights can support influencers and sellers in boosting sales and promoting purchases. Moreover, marketing influencers should capitalize on changing events to engage customers, build trust, improve efficiency, and offer valuable benefits and support to their audience.
Alternative data sources for high-tech products in the CPI
Authors: Brown Craig , Smucker Jeremy
Published: December 2024

This article summarizes recent research conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics to use alternative data sources and methods to improve price-change measurement for high-tech goods and services in the U.S. Consumer Price Index.
Home Automated Telemanagement System for Individualized Exercise Programs: Design and Usability Evaluation
Authors: Smiley Aref , Finkelstein Joseph
Published: December 2024

Background

Exercise is essential for physical rehabilitation, helping to improve functional performance and manage chronic conditions. Telerehabilitation offers an innovative way to deliver personalized exercise programs remotely, enhancing patient adherence and clinical outcomes. The Home Automated Telemanagement (HAT) System, integrated with the interactive bike (iBikE) system, was designed to support home-based rehabilitation by providing patients with individualized exercise programs that can be monitored remotely by a clinical rehabilitation team.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the design, usability, and efficacy of the iBikE system within the HAT platform. We assessed the system’s ability to enhance patient adherence to prescribed exercise regimens while minimizing patient and clinician burden in carrying out the rehabilitation program.

Methods

We conducted a quasi-experimental study with 5 participants using a pre- and posttest design. Usability testing included 2 primary tasks that participants performed with the iBikE system. Task completion times, adherence to exercise protocols, and user satisfaction were measured. A System Usability Scale (SUS) was also used to evaluate participants’ overall experience. After an initial introduction, users performed the tasks independently following a 1-week break to assess retention of the system’s operation skills and its functionality.

Results

Task completion times improved substantially from the pretest to the posttest: execution time for task 1 reduced from a mean of 8.6 (SD 4.7) seconds to a mean of 1.8 (SD 0.8) seconds, and the time for task 2 decreased from a mean of 315 (SD 6.9) seconds to a mean of 303.4 (SD 1.1) seconds. Adherence to the prescribed cycling speed also improved, with deviations from the prescribed speed reduced from a mean of 6.26 (SD 1.00) rpm (revolutions per minute) to a mean of 4.02 (SD 0.82) rpm (t=3.305, n=5, P=.03). SUS scores increased from a mean of 92 (SD 8.6) to a mean of 97 (SD 3.3), indicating high user satisfaction and confidence in system usability. All participants successfully completed both tasks without any additional assistance during the posttest phase, demonstrating the system’s ease of use and effectiveness in supporting independent exercise.

Conclusions

The iBikE system, integrated into the HAT platform, effectively supports home-based telerehabilitation by enabling patients to follow personalized exercise prescriptions with minimal need for further training or supervision. The significant improvements in task performance and exercise adherence suggest that the system is well-suited for use in home-based rehabilitation programs, promoting sustained patient engagement and adherence to exercise regimens. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings and explore the long-term benefits of the system in broader patient populations.
Uncovering the Top Nonadvertising Weight Loss Websites on Google: A Data-Mining Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Almenara Carlos A , Gulec Hayriye
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Online weight loss information is commonly sought by internet users, and it may impact their health decisions and behaviors. Previous studies examined a limited number of Google search queries and relied on manual approaches to retrieve online weight loss websites.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify and describe the characteristics of the top weight loss websites on Google.

METHODS

This study gathered 432 Google search queries collected from Google autocomplete suggestions, “People Also Ask” featured questions, and Google Trends data. A data-mining software tool was developed to retrieve the search results automatically, setting English and the United States as the default criteria for language and location, respectively. Domain classification and evaluation technologies were used to categorize the websites according to their content and determine their risk of cyberattack. In addition, the top 5 most frequent websites in nonadvertising (ie, nonsponsored) search results were inspected for quality.

RESULTS

The results revealed that the top 5 nonadvertising websites were healthline.com, webmd.com, verywellfit.com, mayoclinic.org, and womenshealthmag.com. All provided accuracy statements and author credentials. The domain categorization taxonomy yielded a total of 101 unique categories. After grouping the websites that appeared less than 5 times, the most frequent categories involved “Health” (104/623, 16.69%), “Personal Pages and Blogs” (91/623, 14.61%), “Nutrition and Diet” (48/623, 7.7%), and “Exercise” (34/623, 5.46%). The risk of being a victim of a cyberattack was low.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggested that while quality information is accessible, users may still encounter less reliable content among various online resources. Therefore, better tools and methods are needed to guide users toward trustworthy weight loss information.
Validation of a Wearable Sensor Prototype for Measuring Heart Rate to Prescribe Physical Activity: Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study (Preprint)
Authors: Loro Fernanda Laís , Martins Riane , Ferreira Janaína Barcellos , de Araujo Cintia Laura Pereira , Prade Lucio Rene , Both Cristiano Bonato , Nobre Jéferson Campos Nobre , Monteiro Mariane Borba , Dal Lago Pedro
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Wearable sensors are rapidly evolving, particularly in health care, due to their ability to facilitate continuous or on-demand physiological monitoring.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to design and validate a wearable sensor prototype incorporating photoplethysmography (PPG) and long-range wide area network technology for heart rate (HR) measurement during a functional test.

METHODS

We conducted a transversal exploratory study involving 20 healthy participants aged between 20 and 30 years without contraindications for physical exercise. Initially, our laboratory developed a pulse wearable sensor prototype for HR monitoring. Following this, the participants were instructed to perform the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test while wearing the Polar H10 HR chest strap sensor (the reference for HR measurement) and the wearable sensor. This test allowed for real-time comparison of HR responses between the 2 devices. Agreement between these measurements was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC3.1) and Lin concordance correlation coefficient. The mean absolute percentage error was calculated to evaluate reliability or validity. Cohen d was used to calculate the agreement’s effect size.

RESULTS

The mean differences between the Polar H10 and the wearable sensor during the test were –2.6 (95% CI –3.5 to –1.8) for rest HR, –4.1 (95% CI –5.3 to –3) for maximum HR, –2.4 (95% CI –3.5 to –1.4) for mean test HR, and –2.5 (95% CI –3.6 to –1.5) for mean recovery HR. The mean absolute percentage errors were –3% for rest HR, –2.2% for maximum HR, –1.8% for mean test HR, and –1.6% for recovery HR. Excellent agreement was observed between the Polar H10 and the wearable sensor for rest HR (ICC3.1=0.96), mean test HR (ICC3.1=0.92), and mean recovery HR (ICC3.1=0.96). The agreement for maximum HR (ICC3.1=0.78) was considered good. By the Lin concordance correlation coefficient, the agreement was found to be substantial for rest HR (rc=0.96) and recovery HR (rc=0.96), moderate for mean test HR (rc=0.92), and poor for maximum HR (rc=0.78). The power of agreement between the Polar H10 and the wearable sensor prototype was large for baseline HR (Cohen d=0.97), maximum HR (Cohen d=1.18), and mean recovery HR (Cohen d=0.8) and medium for mean test HR (Cohen d= 0.76).

CONCLUSIONS

The pulse-wearable sensor prototype tested in this study proves to be a valid tool for monitoring HR at rest, during functional tests, and during recovery compared with the Polar H10 reference device used in the laboratory setting.
Effects of Internet Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia and Internet Sleep Hygiene Education on Sleep Quality and Executive Function Among Medical Students in Malaysia: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Mariappan Vijandran , Mukhtar Firdaus
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Medical students are frequently affected by poor sleep quality. Since poor sleep quality has negative physiological and psychological consequences such as on executive function, there is an opportunity to improve sleep quality and executive functions using non-pharmacological intervention such as cognitive behavioural therapy.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study therefore is to determine if improving sleep quality could improve executive functions in medical students with poor sleep quality by comparing cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) with sleep hygiene education (SHE) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).

METHODS

A parallel group, RCT with a target sample of 120 medical students recruited from government-based medical universities in Malaysia. Eligible participants will be randomized to internet group CBT-I or internet group SHE in a 1:1 ratio. Assessments will be performed at baseline, post-intervention, 1 month, 3-months, and 6-months. The primary outcome is between-group differences in sleep quality and executive function post-baseline. The secondary outcomes include pre-sleep worry, attitude about sleep, sleep hygiene and sleep parameters.

RESULTS

This study received approval from the Research Ethics Committee in Universiti Putra Malaysia (JKEUPM-2023-1446) and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (JEP-2024-669). The clinical trial was also registered in Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN1264000243516). As of June 2024, the recruitment process is ongoing and a total of 48 and 49 students have been enrolled from the universities into the CBT-I and ISHE groups, respectively. All the participants provided signed and informed consent to participate in the study. Data collection has been completed for the baseline (pre-treatment assessment), and follow-up assessments for T1 and T2 for all the participants in both groups, while T3 and T4 assessments will be completed by July 2025. Data analysis will be performed by August 2025 and the research will be completed by December 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is the first attempt to design a CBT intervention to ameliorate poor sleep quality and its related negative effects among medical students. This research is also the first large-scale exploring the relationship between health status and CBT-mediated sleep improvement among medical students.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12624000243516; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=387030

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/59288
EyeGPT for Patient Inquiries and Medical Education: Development and Validation of an Ophthalmology Large Language Model (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Xiaolan , Zhao Ziwei , Zhang Weiyi , Xu Pusheng , Wu Yue , Xu Mingpu , Gao Le , Li Yinwen , Shang Xianwen , Shi Danli , He Mingguang
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance clinical flow and improve medical education, but they encounter challenges related to specialized knowledge in ophthalmology.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to enhance ophthalmic knowledge by refining a general LLM into an ophthalmology-specialized assistant for patient inquiries and medical education.

METHODS

We transformed Llama2 into an ophthalmology-specialized LLM, termed EyeGPT, through the following 3 strategies: prompt engineering for role-playing, fine-tuning with publicly available data sets filtered for eye-specific terminology (83,919 samples), and retrieval-augmented generation leveraging a medical database and 14 ophthalmology textbooks. The efficacy of various EyeGPT variants was evaluated by 4 board-certified ophthalmologists through comprehensive use of 120 diverse category questions in both simple and complex question-answering scenarios. The performance of the best EyeGPT model was then compared with that of the unassisted human physician group and the EyeGPT+human group. We proposed 4 metrics for assessment: accuracy, understandability, trustworthiness, and empathy. The proportion of hallucinations was also reported.

RESULTS

The best fine-tuned model significantly outperformed the original Llama2 model at providing informed advice (mean 9.30, SD 4.42 vs mean 13.79, SD 5.70; P<.001) and mitigating hallucinations (97/120, 80.8% vs 53/120, 44.2%, P<.001). Incorporating information retrieval from reliable sources, particularly ophthalmology textbooks, further improved the model's response compared with solely the best fine-tuned model (mean 13.08, SD 5.43 vs mean 15.14, SD 4.64; P=.001) and reduced hallucinations (71/120, 59.2% vs 57/120, 47.4%, P=.02). Subgroup analysis revealed that EyeGPT showed robustness across common diseases, with consistent performance across different users and domains. Among the variants, the model integrating fine-tuning and book retrieval ranked highest, closely followed by the combination of fine-tuning and the manual database, standalone fine-tuning, and pure role-playing methods. EyeGPT demonstrated competitive capabilities in understandability and empathy when compared with human ophthalmologists. With the assistance of EyeGPT, the performance of the ophthalmologist was notably enhanced.

CONCLUSIONS

We pioneered and introduced EyeGPT by refining a general domain LLM and conducted a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of different strategies to develop an ophthalmology-specific assistant. Our results highlight EyeGPT’s potential to assist ophthalmologists and patients in medical settings.
Patient Access to their electronic patient record in secondary care: Results of a prospective, parallel, randomised open study (Preprint)
Authors: Chadwick Helen K , Sawant Akhil , White Helen , Gillgrass Lindsey , Spoletini Giulia , Clifton Ian J , Etherington Christine , Peckham Daniel G
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The Leeds regional adult and paediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) services introduced a modified primary care electronic healthcare record (EHR) in 2007.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, benefits, technological usability, and acceptability to patients of providing secure access of linked secondary care in CF.

METHODS

A prospective, parallel, randomised open study with an intervention (online EHR access) and control group (no EHR access). At baseline and six months, questionnaires were administered to assess having access to EHR on psychological impact and effect on patient satisfaction, quality of life (QoL), patient and physician relationships, and pattern and rates of adherence to treatment.

RESULTS

Ninety-one people with CF completed the study. Intervention n=45, median age 27.5 (IQR 12.0) years, 22 males. Control group n=46, median age 27.0 (IQR 15.0) years, 29 males. There was no effect of Patient Access on levels of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), confidence in managing healthcare (PAM-13), level of trust in healthcare professionals (PEPPI), computer literacy, all symptom QoL scales and eight QoL domains (CFQ-R). Patient Access scored 86% for satisfaction, 82% for ease of use and 80% for usefulness (PHWSUQ). Of those who had EHR access, 98% agreed that access to EHR should continue.

CONCLUSIONS

This pilot study suggests that providing access to EHR in people with CF does not appear to have a negative effect and uptake by patients has been very positive. Prospective studies are needed to investigate the long-term effect of such interventions on objective health outcomes and how we can improve the functionality of such application from the patient perspective.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06122025
Identifying and reducing stigmatizing language in home healthcare: the ENGAGE study protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Gupta Pallavi , Potts-Thompson Stephanie , Prescott Laura , Morrison Morgan , Sittig Scott , McDonald Margaret V. , Raymond Chase , Taylor Jacquelyn Y. , Topaz Maxim
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Stigmatizing language is prevalent in clinical notes, adversely affecting patient care quality. Natural language processing (NLP) is a promising technology for analyzing millions of clinical notes in electronic health records.

OBJECTIVE

This study proposes an NLP-driven ENGAGE system to automatically identify and replace stigmatizing language.

METHODS

This mixed-method study will extract electronic health record (EHR) data for patients admitted to two large, diverse home healthcare (HHC) organizations between January 2019, and December 2021. The study will be conducted in four aims: Aim 1 will refine the ontology of stigmatizing language in HHC by (a) interviewing a diverse sample of HHC nurses and patients to identify terms to avoid, and (b) analyzing clinical notes from various U.S. regions to categorize stigmatizing language. Aim 2 will determine the best NLP approach for accurately identifying stigmatizing language by training algorithms and comparing their performance to human annotations. Aim 3 will analyze the prevalence of stigmatizing language based on patients’ race and ethnicity using adjusted statistical analyses of a sample of approximately half a million HHC patients (34% racial and ethnic minorities). Aim 4 will develop the NLP-driven ENGAGE system by (a) testing NLP methods (rule-based, “Delete, Retrieve, Generate,” and transformers) for suggesting alternative wording, and (b) designing and refining the user interface for clinical trial preparation.

RESULTS

This study was funded by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Recruitment, enrollment, and data curation are ongoing.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will leverage extensive data sources to examine stigmatizing language in HHC settings, contributing to developing systems to effectively reduce such language among HHC nurses.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Title: Exploring Young Adults’ Experiences and Beliefs in Asthma Medication Management: A Pilot Qualitative Study Comparing Human and Multiple AI Thematic Analyses (Preprint)
Authors: Jeminiwa Ruth Ndarake , Popielaski Caroline , King Amber
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Background: Young adults take their asthma maintenance medication 67% of the time or less. Understanding the specific needs and behaviors of young adults with asthma is essential for developing targeted interventions to improve disease self-management. Exploration of these needs and behaviors through qualitative analysis is important but time consuming. Artificial intelligence (AI) could replace human coders in qualitative studies. However, there is a paucity literature to support this claim.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to begin to explore the medication-related needs of young adults with asthma via a pilot feasibility study. We aim to understand how to best assist young adults with asthma self-management and to identify potential areas where digital health interventions can provide support. We further aim to understand the comparative outcome of human versus multiple AI platforms in performing thematic analysis.

METHODS

This study purposefully sampled young adults who had a prescription for an inhaled corticosteroid and were either students or staff of a large metropolitan university in Northeastern USA. Semi-structured interviews lasting 40 minutes on average were conducted to elicit young adults’ opinions on the topic. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. After performing a second round of line-by-line coding, emergent codes were identified by investigators and categorized as themes using Braun and Clarke’s recommendation for performing a thematic analysis. All investigators reviewed and discussed the final codes. Human qualitative data-analyses were performed using NVivo 14 software (QSR International). After completing human analyses, the investigators performed thematic analysis with multiple AI platforms (Google Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, and ChatGPT) to compare the final themes with investigator derived themes.

RESULTS

There were four participants in this pilot study. Human analysis yielded four emergent themes: support from clinicians, social support, self-management support, and educational support. The AI-based analysis also generated similar themes with different labels. The percentage agreement between humans, Gemini, Copilot, and ChatGPT was 100%, accounting for the fact that, although the labels differed, they referred to the same concept.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from our study underscore the necessity for a holistic approach in supporting young adults with asthma. By addressing these multi-faceted needs, healthcare systems can significantly improve medication adherence and health outcomes for this understudied patient population. Our study also indicates that artificial intelligence may be leveraged for successful thematic analysis of qualitative data with appropriate caution.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Exploration on the Construction of a Demonstration Center for Digital and Intelligent Experimental Teaching of Foreign Languages
Authors: Jiang Jianguo
Published: December 2024

Based on the ecosystem theory, the cognitive-emotional-social integration theory and the technology acceptance model, this paper discusses the construction path and practice mode of the demonstration center for digital and intelligent experimental teaching of foreign language. A teaching ecosystem of synergistic development has been built through the construction of a digital and intelligent foreign language teaching training room, a digital and intelligent foreign language teaching platform, a digital and intelligent testing platform and the creation of a digital and intelligent faculty. By innovating the teaching mode, optimizing the assessment mechanism, and integrating big data and intelligent technology, it effectively enhances students' practical language ability, intercultural communication ability and practical application ability, and promotes teachers' informatization literacy and awareness of teaching innovation. Feasible solution strategies are proposed for the technological integration, assessment system improvement and ethical issues faced during the construction, providing important theoretical and practical references for the deepening development of digital and intelligent foreign language teaching.
World Environment Day 2024 Initiatives in Bayelsa State: Promoting Environmental Stewardship and Sustainable Practices - A Collaboration Between Federal University Otuoke, Niger Delta University, and the Nigerian Environmental Society
Authors: Augustus Eli Akayinaboderi , Agusomu Tano Dumoyei , Enyinnaya Okoro , Omidiji Adedoyin Oluwatoyin , Nicholas Digha Opaminola , Ojile Meshach Owho , Soberekon Ilemi Jennifer , Tonpagamo Tamuno Timipa , Gamage Igoniama Esau , Oyibo Charles , Bariweni Perekibina Anthony , Markmanuel Douye Parkinson , Olalekan Raimi Morufu
Published: December 2024

Environmental degradation has emerged as a critical global issue, significantly impacting ecosystems and human health, particularly in low and middle-income countries like Nigeria. The need for comprehensive and sustainable environmental management practices is paramount to address these challenges effectively. This study aims to assess the current state of environmental degradation in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, and evaluate the effectiveness of initiatives undertaken during World Environment Day (WED) 2024 to promote environmental stewardship and sustainable practices. The study employed a mixed-method approach, including field observations, community surveys, and analysis of environmental data. Activities during WED 2024, such as tree planting, educational lectures, and site visits, were evaluated to determine their impact on raising environmental awareness and promoting sustainable practices. The activities conducted during WED 2024 significantly increased community awareness about environmental issues and the importance of sustainable practices. The planting of 500 native saplings contributed to combating deforestation and soil erosion, while educational lectures and site visits provided residents with practical knowledge and insights into environmental conservation. The initiatives undertaken during WED 2024 in Bayelsa State have laid a strong foundation for fostering a culture of environmental stewardship. By engaging the community and promoting sustainable practices, these efforts have set a positive precedent for future conservation activities, contributing to a more resilient and sustainable environment. To build on the success of these initiatives, it is recommended that the Bayelsa State Government enact stricter environmental laws and regulations. Increased environmental advocacy by the Nigerian Environmental Society and other stakeholders is crucial, along with adopting sustainable agricultural practices and improving waste management systems. This study highlights the critical role of community engagement and education in promoting environmental conservation. The findings demonstrate that targeted initiatives, such as those undertaken during WED 2024, can significantly enhance environmental awareness and drive sustainable practices, contributing to the overall resilience and sustainability of ecosystems in Bayelsa State and beyond.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ДАТЧИКОВ ДЛЯ ВЗАИМНОГО ПОЗИЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ АНТЕНН ПРИ ИСПЫТАНИЯХ РАДИОСИСТЕМ
Authors: Старовойтов Е. , Скиба Е. , Руссанов В.
Published: December 2024

Испытания локальных систем навигации и других радиосистем,
предназначенных для зон с плотной застройкой и закрытых сооружений
должны проводиться в условиях, в которых планируется дальнейшая
эксплуатация. При этом возникает проблема выполнения антенных
измерений в труднодоступных секторах пространства. Для ее решения могут
быть использованы оптические датчики – лазерные приборы и телекамеры,
позволяющие определять дальность до объектов и их ориентацию.
МЕТОДИКА АНАЛИЗА И ОЦЕНКИ РИСКОВ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОГО ОБМЕНА С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-УПРАВЛЯЮЩЕЙ СИСТЕМЫ
Authors: Семенова Е. , Смирнова М. , Гейко С.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы оценки и сокращения рисков,
возникающих в ходе информационного обмена между проектантом
сложного наукоемкого изделия и его изготовителем. Выполнены
структурный анализ процесса обеспечения информацией проектантом
завода-изготовителя и статистический анализ возникающих инцидентов
в процессе информационного взаимодействия, описана методика
корректирующих действий. Применение полученных результатов
позволило минимизировать количество возникающих инцидентов
при новом проектировании
AНАЛИЗ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ И ТЕПЛОПРОВОДЯЩИХ СВОЙСТВ КЕРАМИКО-ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ ДИЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: Тарасик В. , Козловский И. , Ционенко Д. , Лешок А.
Published: December 2024

Проведен анализ механических свойств и характеристик
теплопроводности керамико-полимерных теплопроводящих
диэлектрических (КПТД) материалов и изготовленных из них
теплопроводящих прокладок, применяемых при производстве
радиоэлектронного оборудования. Рассмотрены свойства различных
изделий, выполненных из композитных материалов, отличающихся
связующим, материалом наполнителя и формой его частиц. Предложена
обобщенная методика расчета упругих свойств композитов, позволяющая
на основе единого подхода оценить теплопроводность КПТД-материалов
и проанализировать их механические свойства (плотность, модуль
упругости по отношению к сжатию).
Experimental Investigation of M35 Grade Self Compaction Concrete by using Baggasse Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement and Cupola Slag with Coarse Aggregate
Authors: Mounika G V V
Published: December 2024

Self-compacting concrete (SCC), a recent innovation in concrete technology, has numerous advantages over
conventional concrete. Self-compacting concrete, as the name indicates, is a type of concrete that does not require external or
internal compaction, because it becomes leveled and consolidated under its self-weight. SCC can spread and fill all corners of
the formwork, purely by means of its self- weight, thus eliminating the need of vibration or any type of consolidating effort.
In this project, Baggasse ash is replaced with cement and Cupola slag is replaced with coarse aggregate are studied. The
physical properties of cupola slag and coarse aggregates are similar and physical properties of Baggasse ash and cement are
similar. Both materials are eco-friendly building material. The problem of the disposal and maintenance problem of land filling
is reduced. This study investigates the performance of concrete mixture in terms of Compressive strength, split tensile strength
and flexural strength for 7, 14 and 28 days respectively of M-35 grade concrete. This project deals with the self- compacting
concrete where the replacement OPC by Baggasse ash were 20% by weight and Cupola slag by weight of Coarse Aggregates in
various percentages such as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%.
IOT based Smart Parking and Traffic Management System for Modern Cities
Authors: Chanduja N.
Published: December 2024

In recent times the concept of smart cities has become very popular. Thanks to the Internet of things the idea of smart
city now seems to be completed. Consistent efforts are being made in the field of IoT in order to maximize the productivity and
reliability of urban infrastructure. Problems such as, traffic congestion, limited car parking facilities and road safety are being
addressed by IoT. In this paper, we present an IoT based cloud integrated smart parking system. The proposed Smart Parking
system consists of an on-site deployment of an IoT module that is used to monitor and signalize the state of availability of each
single parking space. A mobile application is also provided that allows an end user to check the availability of parking space and
book a parking slot accordingly.
POST-EDITING MACHINE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN BY EFL STUDENTS: A STUDY ON GRAMMATICAL COHESION IN ABSTRACT TRANSLATION
Authors: Wulansari Atsani , Syihabudin Syihabudin , Waluyo Sri
Published: December 2024

Machine translations offer several features that simplify the translation process. These include the ability to automatically adjust grammar and vocabulary from the source language to the target language, store word banks, and tailor the target language to specific fields. However, machine translation outputs still contain errors. Therefore, it is essential to perform post-editing to ensure grammatical and lexical cohesion and alignment between the source and target languages. This research aims to observe the quality of Google Translate and the result of Post-editing machine translation by EFL learners in terms of grammatical cohesion. This study used a descriptive qualitative. This study applied purposive sampling to choose the data. Three abstracts from three different Translation and Interpreting classes were chosen for the data. Then, the data were analysed by using the theory of grammatical cohesion and translation quality assessment. The result of the study shows that the grammatical cohesions found are mostly reference and conjunction. This study also finds that the quality of post-editing is better than the result of Google Translation as machine translation. The samples of data provides that mostly the score of post-editing is better observed from translation acceptability and readability. This study is restricted to the translation result of three abstracts only and the students’ post-editing effort which means that the findings may not fully represent the overall quality of translations from a grammatical cohesion. Future research could delve deeper into this topic by expanding the data sources and incorporating machine translation tools other than Google Translate.
Responding to the Call and Preparing for Ministry: The First Female Missionaries from Latvia
Authors: Ēce Kristīna
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the diverse family and socio-economic backgrounds of the first female missionaries from Latvia (1896–1924), examining how these factors either facilitated or hindered their missionary endeavors. It highlights the more accessible paths for pastors’ daughters like Emma Elizabeth Seesemann and Anna Irbe, contrasted with the more challenging journeys of the orphan Auguste Vietnieka and Lilija Otīlija Grīviņa, a railway worker’s daughter. The author  discusses the varying preparation methods of different denominational German mission societies, noting the informal language training for women and the faith-centric approach of the Liebenzell mission. Each missionary’s unique experience of responding to God’s call and their subsequent success in missions across India, Tanzania, China, and Indonesia is also considered in detail.
Real-Time E-commerce Insights with Mean Shift Clustering: A Dynamic Approach to Customer Understanding
Authors: Trivikrama Rao BATTULA  , Narayana GARLAPATI  , Srinivasa Rao CHOPPARAPU  , Narasimha Swamy LAVUDIYA  , Prasad GUNDE
Published: December 2024

In the high-speed universe of internet business, understanding client conduct progressively is urgent for customized encounters and ideal business results. This paper investigates the utilization of Mean Shift bunching, a strong non-parametric thickness-based calculation, for continuous examination in online business. By utilizing Mean Shift's capacity to progressively distinguish bunches of erratic shapes, organizations can acquire important bits of knowledge into client conduct, even as it advances. We show the way that Mean Shift can fragment clients in view of their ongoing perusing movement, search questions, item associations, and buy designs, making dynamic client profiles that mirror their ebb and flow interests and inclinations. This empowers organizations to convey profoundly customized proposals, upgrade valuing techniques, and designer promoting efforts in light of constant client needs. Moreover, we investigate how Mean Shift can be utilized to foresee future client conduct, empowering organizations to expect needs and proactively tailor the shopping experience. The paper additionally addresses the difficulties of carrying out ongoing Mean Shift grouping, including information streaming and adaptability, computational intricacy, and information protection concerns. We finish up by illustrating future exploration headings for improving the viability of Mean Change continuously online business examination, underscoring its capability to reform the manner in which organizations draw in with clients in a dynamic and consistently changing internet based commercial center.
Functional Dyspepsia and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: From Pathogenesis to Current Treatment Strategies
Authors: Trukhmanov A. S. , Rumyantseva D. E.
Published: December 2024

Aim: to present a modern view on the combination of functional dyspepsia (FD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to evaluate the effectiveness of acotiamide in patients with FD and GERD.

Key points. The high frequency of the combination of FD and GERD is caused by common pathogenetic mechanisms and presents an urgent problem in clinical practice. The concurrent occurrence of these diseases alters the clinical picture, complicates differential diagnostics, and leads to inadequate prescription of drugs. Medical treatment for patients with FD and GERD includes the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and prokinetics. Currently, acotiamide is recognized as an effective drug that affects the motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Acotiamide is an antagonist of muscarinic M1 and M2 receptors and a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. The clinical efficacy of this drug has been demonstrated not only in patients with FD but also in those with a combination of FD and GERD.

Conclusion. Administration of acotiamide is pathogenetically justified in patients with the combination of GERD and FD.
HUMAN ACTIVITY RECOGNITION BASED ON DEVICE-FREE WI-FI SENSING: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: (Corresponding Author) Sivakumar Kalimuthu , Perumal Thinagaran , Marlisah Erzam , Yaakob Razali , BS Vidhyasagar , Ismail Noor Hafizah
Published: December 2024

Within the context of the current era’s research and advancement in technology, in recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been consistent in the development of applications in several fields like smart cities, smart homes, smart grids, smart agriculture, and so on. Most of the existing research in human activity recognition relies on vision-based, wearable devices, object-tagged, and sensor-based approaches. Despite the superior performance of these approaches, a number of issues have arisen related to the invasion of privacy, light dependency, cost effectiveness, and feasibility. Moreover, these approaches require domain knowledge of different tasks, which may make them complicated for practical deployment. Wi-Fi technology, on the other hand, offers robust possibilities in indoor and outdoor environments for recognizing applications and, combined with a few significant features, makes it a far more attractive option compared to other sensing technologies. Hence, the device-free Wi-Fi-sensing approach is more practical in the smart home environment as it does not require the targeted human to have any device for day-to-day activities. This article’s contributions can be summarized as, first, providing primary knowledge on a wireless LAN, the Wi-Fi sensing model; second, sharing the findings of the comprehensive survey scrutinizing the latest developments in human activity or gesture recognition systems based on device-free Wi-Fi sensing systems; third, sharing the analysis of the limitations and key research challenges that need to be addressed in order to expand the device-free Wi-Fi sensing system; and lastly, a discussion and future directions of existing device-free Wi-Fi sensing techniques.