bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State of the World 1984
Authors: Singer S. Fred
Published: October 2011

Long before Ronald Reagan asked voters whether they were better off today than they were 4 years ago, many thoughtful people were asking whether the world as a whole was becoming a better place to live. The Malthusian point of view, restated by the Club of Rome's Limits to Growth, made an enormous impact on the world when it appeared in 1972. Its simplistic message, disguised in computer models, was that exponential growth cannot be maintained forever. Specifically, it predicted imminent exhaustion of food and natural resources and death from evergrowing pollution. Its successor volume, Global 2000, published with the encouragement of the Carter White House in 1980, was more restrained but also predicted general doom. It was responded to by The Resourceful Earth (sponsored by the Heritage Foundation), which views the future as rosy and contradicts Global 2000 on almost every point.
Hydrothermal activity on the Gorda Ridge
Authors: Rona Peter A.
Published: October 2011

Near‐bottom plumes of materials indicative of discharge of metal‐rich hot springs were discovered at sites on the Gorda Ridge by a research team of government and university scientists on a cruise of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ship Surveyor during May 1985 as part of the NOAA Vents Program. The Gorda Ridge, off northern California and Oregon, is the only seafloor spreading center within the proclaimed 200‐mile U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (370 km wide) of the conterminous United States and is one of the last oceanic ridges to be explored for metal‐rich hot springs. One reason for this neglect is that the Gorda Ridge is slow spreading, with half‐rates ranging from 1.1 cm/yr in the southern portion to 2.2 cm/yr in the northern portion. Slow spreading centers have not been fully evaluated with regard to hydrothermal activity by many members of the research community, who have concentrated their attention on the faster spreading East Pacific Rise to the south and the Juan de Fuca Ridge to the north of the Gorda Ridge.
Research funding available
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) plans to begin support of extramural research on earth structure and geodynamics in October 1985. AFOSR plans to make available $891,000 to support theoretical and laboratory studies as well as field measurements of geophysical parameters. The research must be “of potential relevance” to the Air Force's mission, which includes advanced testing of components, siting of Air Force weapon systems and other installations, characterization of the effects of seismic energy sources, and surveillance and reconnaissance missions.

For more information, contact program manager Henry R. Radoski, AFOSR/NP, Building 410, Boiling Air Force Base, Washington, DC, 20332‐6448; telephone: 202‐767‐4906.
Walter H. Bucher Medal
Authors: Maxwell Arthur E. , Sclater John G.
Published: October 2011

John Sclater, the 1985 Walter H. Bucher Medalist, is eminently deserving of this award, and it gives me great personal pleasure to present the citation. Walter Bucher's Deformation of the Earth's Crust was first published in the 1930s. John Sclater, in the late 1960s, continued Bucher's early work on crustal deformation by analyzing the thermal structure of the crust. Sclater combined heat flow observations with seismic, magnetic, gravity, and bathymetry data to produce his age versus depth and heat flow versus age models for the evolution of oceanic crust. John's contributions on the thickness and deformation of the ocean crust played a significant role in our understanding of plate tectonics.
Dome building at Mount St. Helens
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

After an unusually long period of dormancy, Mount St. Helens erupted between May 23 and June 10 of this year, adding 7 million m3 of magma to its dome. As Eos went to press, the eruption ranked as “the most voluminous eruptive event at [Mount] St. Helens since June of 1980,” according to one U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) geologist. The accompanying level of seismicity was also unusually high, with earthquakes of magnitude 2.0 to 2.8 occurring every 5—10 minutes between May 27 and June 2 (Eos, July 2, 1985, p. 537).
Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths
Authors: Zartman Robert E.
Published: October 2011

In this decade of the International Lithosphere Program, much scientific attention is being directed toward the deep continental crust and subadjacent mantle. The petrologic, geochemical, and isotopic signatures of basaltic magmas, which transect much of the lithosphere as they ascend from their site of melting, and of contained cognate and accidental xenoliths, which are found along the path of ascent, give us, perhaps, the best clues to composition and structure in the third dimension. Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths provides an opportunity to sample the British school of thought on subjects such as differences between oceanic and continental basalts, effects of mantle metasomatism, and relationships between events in the subcontinental mantle and those in the overlying crust. This volume is recommended by the publisher as being of interest to senior undergraduates and postgraduate researchers; I would extend that readership to all scientists who seek access to a potpourri of recent findings and current ideas in a rapidly evolving field of research.
Historical Events and People in Geosciences
Authors: Gillmor C. Stewart
Published: October 2011

This book is a selection of some of the papers given at a historical symposium sponsored by the Interdivisional Commission on History of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) during ihe International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) General Assembly held in Hamburg in 1983. Most of the papers are from a session on historical events or people, chaired by Schroder, but several are included from a related session on historical scientific records, chaired by J. Feynman (Boston College, Boston, Mass.). The articles cover a number of topics, such as biography. Fine examples here are the article on Balfour W. Currie (1902–1981), the Canadian upper atmosphere physicist (it is a pity that a photograph of h im was not included), or the article on Erich Regener (1881–1955), German pioneer in cosmic ray and upper atmosphere physics. Other articles concern the history of observatories (such as Ben Nevis) or the genesis of concepts (L. Biermann of t h e Max‐Planck‐Institut, Garching, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), on the solar wind). H. Schmidlin (Denzlingen, FRG) presents excellent “insider” comments on the development of early gravimeters; such comments should be studied by contemporary sociologists of science.
E&HR Programs at 1985 Spring Meeting
Authors: Sancetta Constance
Published: October 2011

The Education and Human Resources (E&HR) Committee sponsored several new programs at the AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, May 27–31 , 1985. Jeremy Dunning (Indiana University, Bloomington) organized an evening panel session on “Writing a Successful Grant Proposal” that was attended by over 100 people. Panelists included representatives of funding agencies and researchers experienced in proposal writing. A report by Dunning on the topics discussed will be published in a future issue of Eos.
New VGP Editor
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

John C. Eichelberger of Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, N.M., has been appointed Eos editor for Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology (VGP). He succeeds Bruce R. Doe of t he U.S. Geological Survey in Reston, Va., who initiated The VGP News in Eos in 1983.
NSF appointment
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

President Ronald Reagan has announced his intention to nominate Richard S. Nicholson as assistant director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) for mathematical and physical sciences. Nicholson has been acting deputy director and staff director of NSF since 1983.

A research chemist by training, Nicholson was an associate professor of chemistry at Michigan State University before joining NSF in 1970. He served in a number of capacities at NSF, including executive director of the National Science Board commission on precollege education in mathematics, science, and technology, deputy assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences, and senior planning officer for mathematical and physical sciences. The nomination is subject to Senate confirmation.
Downhole measurement opportunities
Authors: Purdy G. M.
Published: October 2011

During the next few years, several drill holes that are planned for deep penetration into the igneous ocean crust will provide an opportunity for the emplacement of instrumentation for short‐ and long‐term in‐situ monitoring of many important physical and chemcial parameters of the sea floor. T he drilling will take place as part of the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) operated by Texas A&M University under the scientific direction of the Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES). The purpose of this brief announcement is to alert the scientific community to the potential of these innovative measurements and to stimulate the formulation and planning of experiments and proposals to take advantage of this new opportunity.
G. E. Hutchinson Medal
Authors: McCarthy James J.
Published: October 2011

The G. E. Hutchinson Medal is presented annually by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO). In selecting recipients, emphasis is placed upon consistent excellence and innovation in research, but of equal importance is that the recipient's work is seen as a symbol of the quality of science that the society strives to foster. This year, ASLO selected Richard W. Eppley as the third recipient of the G. E. Hutchinson Medal.
Peconic bays estuarine studies
Authors: Vieira Mario E. C.
Published: October 2011

The Marine Sciences Research Center (MSRC) of the State University of New York at Stony Brook has been involved in a study of the processes of motion, mixing, and exchange in the Peconic Bays estuarine system. This system, located at the east end of Long Island, N.Y., is composed of the tidal reaches of the Peconic River, Flanders Bay, Great Peconic Bay, Little Peconic Bay, Shelter Island Sound, and the several small bays and harbors adjacent to these waterways. The Peconic Bays estuary connects with Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean through Gardiners Bay in the east and through the Shinnecock Canal and Shinnecock Bay in the south.
Giotto to Halley's comet
Authors: Schwehm Gerhard , Pedersen Arne
Published: October 2011

On July 2, 1985, 11:23 UTC (Universal Time Coordinated), the Giotto spacecraft, the European Space Agency (ESA) contribution to the international effort to study Halley's comet in situ, was successfully launched. The spacecraft was placed by an Ariane I launcher into a geostationary transfer orbit (GTO). About 32 h later, on July 3, 1985, 19:24 UTC, during its fourth perigee passage, the built‐in solid propellant transfer propulsion system (TPS) was fired, and Giotto was injected into its escape trajectory from the earth's gravitational influence in order to encounter the comet on March 13, 1986. The TPS firing was so precise that even without further orbit correction maneuvers, Giotto would miss the comet by only 50,000 km. On July 6, 1985, the high‐gain antenna was despun, i.e., set rotating in the opposite sense relative to Giotto's spin so that it maintains a constant direction toward the earth. The spacecraft spin rate was set to the nominal 15 rpm. Experiment switch on is scheduled for September 2, 1985, onward, in time for the Comet Giacobini‐Zinner encounter of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's International Cometary Explorer spacecraft.
Controversy over mass extinctions
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

The notion that mass extinctions of species occur at 26‐million‐year (m.y.) intervals received wide attention in the scientific and popular press a little over a year ago. According to the theory, some sort of periodic extra‐terrestrial event had led to the episodes of extinction; comet showers brought on by any of a variety of causes were frequently offered as one explanation.

Now the idea is back in the news, this time drawing criticism. An article published in the June 20 issue of Nature criticizes the original analysis, by David Raup and John Sepkoski of the University of Chicago, on the grounds that their data base was overly pared down and that they used a biased definition for mass extinction. Raup and his supporters say that papers now in press will answer the objections.
Hydrology Section Executive Committee Minutes
Authors: Johnson A. Ivan
Published: October 2011

The Hydrology Section Executive Committee (EC) convened at 8:20 A.M. on May 28, 1985, in Room 311 of the Convention Center in Baltimore, Md. The meeting was chaired by Hydrology Section President R. Allan Freeze. Section President‐Elect Marshall Moss kept the minutes in the absence of the Section Secretary Thomas Maddock III. Also in attendance were William Back, Rafael Bras, Stephen Burges, Jerry Cohon, Ron Cummings, David Dawdy, Jacques Delleur, Leonard Konikow, Jurate Landwehr, Fred Molz, Don Nielsen, Joyce Peters, Karen Prestegaard, Tom Schmugge, Waldo Smith, Jery Stedinger, and Eric Wood.
Poster papers
Authors: Konikow Leonard F.
Published: October 2011

Over the past several years, the number of abstracts submitted to both the AGU Spring and Fall Meetings has increased significantly; so too has the attendance. Because the convention facilities have not grown proportionately, we are faced with a numbers crunch. That is, there is not enough space or time to accommodate all the oral presentations that have been requested. One solution that appears to be viable is to increase the use of poster sessions.
Hydrologic monitoring with microelectronics
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A special half‐day session on hydrologic monitoring with microelectronics will be held during the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting, December 9–13, 1985, in San Francisco, Calif. The session will explore hightech data collection systems for surface and subsurface waters as well as precipitation. It will also investigate factors associated with microelectronics in the collection, entry, and analysis of data. Persons interested in presenting a paper should contact Phil Durgin, Redwood Sciences Laboratory, 1700 Bayview Drive, Areata, CA 95521; telephone: 707‐822‐3691.
Advances in hydraulic testing and tracer methods
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Hydraulic tests and tracer methods aid the characterization of groundwater and petroleum reservoirs, with increasing emphasis on low permeability and heterogeneous environments. Applications of hydraulic tests once focused on water supply, irrigation wells, and the secondary recovery of oil, but now the characterization of sites for nuclear and haz‐ardous waste disposal, the evaluation of existing groundwater contamination problems, and the assessment of reservoirs for enhanced oil recovery are also included. Tracer methods have been developed to supplement and extend the hydraulic test methods. The synthesis of hydraulic and tracer data provides a better picture of reservoir character than was achieved previously.
Urban water use
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A session entitled “Analysis and Forecasting of Urban Water Use” will be sponsored by the Surface Runoff Committee of the Hydrology Section at the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., December 9–13, 1985.
Water Resources Systems Workshop
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

On March 19–21, 1985, the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources at the University of Arizona, Tucson, hosted the 10th Water Resources Systems Workshop. Thirty‐five participants from universities, research institutions, federal agencies, and private consulting groups met in an informal setting to discuss the current status of the systems approach to water resources problems. There was general agreement that the main issue facing today in the field of water resources systems is as follows: What are the limitations of the systems approach with respect to Water quality and its management? Complex large‐scale hydrologic systems and their operation? The organizational‐institutional structures?
Section candidates
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos is carrying biographies and photographs of all candidates for President‐Elect of the Union and for President‐Elect and Secretary of each section. In addition, statements by the candidates for President‐Elect will appear. The material for the Solar‐Planetary Relationships Section appeared in the August 6 issue. The slate of candidates for all offices was carried in the July 2 issue.
Landsat transfer may occur soon
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

The Earth Observing Satellite Company (EOSAT) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) appear to be close to signing a contract for the transter of the land remote‐sensing satellite (Landsat) system from public to private operation, according to sources at EOSAT and NOAA. An allocation of $125 million to subsidize the transition was approved by Congress as part of a supplemental appropriations bill (H.R. 2577) passed just before the August recess. The bill does not specify EOSAT as the company chosen to take over the system; however, EOSAT is the only company now under consideration.
Remote Sensing of Shelf Sea Hydrodynamics
Authors: Brown Otis B.
Published: October 2011

This volume, edited by Nihoul, is a collection of papers by participants in the 15th Liege Colloquium, held in 1983. Although the title is somewhat daunting, the premise is a good one, i.e., “What can one learn about the basic theory of shelf‐sea hydrodynamics by using remote sensing?” As with any such collection, some papers hit the mark (e.g., T. Nishimura et al., S. Onishi, and J. Witling), others give focus to the work (e.g., J. Nihoul, R. Pingree), while other work seems but distantly related to the subject at hand (e.g., the contributions of J. Gower and of S. Lin et al.). In the following review, I will try to give the reader a flavor for the volume's 18 sections. The book can be split into four themes: introduction to remote sensing, use of remote sensing and models, use of remote sensing to study oceanic variability, and optical oceanography.
The International Cometary Explorer Mission to comet Giacobini‐Zinner
Authors: von Rosenvinge Tycho T. , Brandt John C.
Published: October 2011

On September 11, 1985, the International Cometary Explorer (ICE) will pass through the tail of Comet Giacobini‐Zinner and thus become the first spacecraft ever to intercept a comet. The ICE spacecraft was formerly known as the International Sun‐Earth Explorer Three (ISEE 3). When ISEE 3 was launched in August 1978, little thought had been given to having this spacecraft encounter a comet. In fact, ISEE 3 will have had three different mission phases during its lifetime, only the first of which was planned at the time of launch. The ISEE program originated as a joint program of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to study the earth's magnetosphere. The role of ISEE 3 was to observe the solar wind upstream of the earth. ISEE 1 and 2 then observed the response of the magnetosphere to changes in the solar wind. This phase lasted almost 4 years and led to the exploration of the foreshock region of the earth's bow shock (see the Upstream Waves and Particles special issue of the Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 86, pp. 4319–4536, 1981). The second phase began in late 1982, when ISEE 3 was moved from a position in front of the earth to one behind it in order to study the unexplored region of the earth's tail from the lunar distance of 60 RE to 240 RE. Results from this exploration may be found in the ISEE 3 Distant Geotail Results special issue of Geophysical Research Letters (vol. 11, pp. 1027–1105, 1984). The third and final phase, that of comet studies, began on December 22, 1983, when ISEE 3 passed within 120 km of the moon, sending it on its way out of the earthmoon system. At this time the spacecraft was renamed ICE.
SWATH: Calm seas for oceanography
Authors: Kaharl V.
Published: October 2011

Members of the University National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) are scheduled to meet this fall in workshops across the country to review 11 conceptual designs for four classes of vessels. From among these designs, UNOLS hopes to realize, by the mid‐1990s, four new large vessels, the first of the new generation of research ships to usher seagoing oceanography into the 21st century.
Recommendations for remote sensing
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A report prepared by a National Academy of Sciences (NAS) research briefing panel on remote sensing of the earth recommends that development of accurate satellite remote sensing techniques for global measurement of precipitation should be a high priority for funding, as should the development of improved surface imaging spectrometers and tropospheric chemical sensors. The panel, part of the Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (COSEPUP), made a variety of recommendations that in part echoed those recently issued by the Satellite Planning Committee of Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc. (JOI) (Eos, August 6, 1985, p. 577).
Dana J. Isherwood: Congressional Science Fellow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Dana J. Isherwood, a geochemist and project manager at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in Livermore, Calif., has been selected as the 1985–1986 AGU Congressional Science Fellow. A member of AGU's Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology Section, she will begin her 1‐year stint on Capitol Hill as AGU's ninth Congressional Science Fellow this week.
Editor's Citations: Excellence in Refereeing
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The seven reviewers whose photographs appear below have been cited by editors of AGU's journals for excellence in refereeing. The time and diligence contributed by these reviewers enhance the quality of AGU journals. The editor's citation recognizes this special service to the Union, and the individuals who are listed below are to be commended for consistently providing constructive and thoughtful reviews.
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydrometeorology
Authors: Kavvas M. Levent
Published: October 2011

The Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydrometeorology, which was held in June 1982 in Denver, Colo., is a timely document on the current state of the art of hydrometeorology. The symposium was attended by numerous researchers from both the hydrology and meteorology fields and from government, university, and private sectors of 12 countries. As such, the proceedings covers a wide variety of topics that are of interest to both hydrologists and meteorologists.
Municipal Water Demand: Statistical and Management Issues
Authors: Martin William E.
Published: October 2011

In the foreword to this volume, Charles W. Howe, general editor of the Westview Press series on water policy and management, states that the goal of this book is to emphasize “the potential for improved water management with reduced economic and environmental costs by utilizing modern methods of demand estimation that take into account user responsiveness to price, conservation measures, and economic‐demographic changes.” The authors accomplish their purpose, but the book itself leaves much to be desired.
Upcoming congressional actions
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The following conference committees between the Senate and House of Representatives will be scheduled for the coming weeks. Dates and times had not been announced when Eos went to press. All offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).
A Comparative Atlas of Zooplankton: Biological Patterns in the Oceans
Authors: Biggs Douglas C.
Published: October 2011

Large‐scale biogeographic trends in the distribution of marine zooplankton are the subject of this work. As the subtitle of this book clarifies, it is an illustrated compendium of distributional patterns rather than a taxonomic atlas of invertebrate zoology. About half the work is devoted to Mercator projection maps of global distribution of various species of zooplankton and of chemical and physical properties of their environment. The other half is a treatise on plankton ecology as it relates to speciation.
Earthquake rocks Mexico City
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

An earthquake registering 7.8 on the Richter scale occurred September 19, 1985, at 9:18 A.M. (EDT), near the coast of Mexico. The quake, centered about 400 km southwest of Mexico City, was the strongest in the world since one of the same magnitude struck near the coast of central Chile on March 3, said the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). As Eos went to press, it was reported that 250 people had been killed in the Mexican earthquake. A regional tsunami warning issued on the morning of the earthquake was cancelled a few hours later.

According to John Filson, chief of earthquake studies at the USGS headquarters in Reston, Va., the quake was centered near the northern end of the Middle America Trench, located off the west coast of Mexico and Central America.
August streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Streamflows varied across the country during August, with record low flows reported in New York and on the Columbia River at the Dalles, Oreg., while record high flows were reported in Alabama, Kansas, and North Dakota, according to the end of the month check on water resources conditions by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). USGS hydrologists said that a nationwide tally of the 171 streamflow gaging stations that reported during August showed that 25% (43 stations) recorded flows in the above‐normal range, 59% (101 stations) had flows in the normal range, and 16% (27 stations) recorded flows in the below‐normal range.
History of Geophysics Volume 1
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is the first volume in an annual series that presents articles concerning the social and intellectual history of the geophysical sciences, broadly defined. It is a collection of materials that originally appeared in the journals of AGU, selected from issues published during the past 15 years. An objective of the series is to interest a wide and diverse audience, including professional geophysicists and AGU members, students of the geosciences, historians, and those concerned with public or policy aspects of the sciences. The volume is offered at a very reasonable price with these audiences in mind.
Emergence of a unified ocean science
Authors: Brown Louis B.
Published: October 2011

The following information report contains the executive summary of the recently completed long‐range planning document for the National Science Foundation (NSF) Ocean Sciences Program for 1985–1994. The document, entitled “Emergence of a Unified Ocean Science,” was prepared for NSF by its Ocean Sciences Advisory Committee, which is chaired by Robert W. Corell. The plan includes detailed long‐range plans for the physical, chemical, geological‐geophysical, and biological subdisciplines of oceanography. These detailed plans will be published in The Oceanography Report as space permits. Copies of the document can be obtained from Donald E. De Haven, Division of Ocean Sciences, National Science Foundation, 1800 G Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20550. The long‐range plan will be reviewed and updated periodically. Comments and suggestions are welcomed and should be addressed to the Advisory Committee in care of De Haven.
New JGR–Space Physics editor
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Thomas J. Birmingham, of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md., will succeed Bengt Sonnerup (Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H.) as editor of the Journal of Geophysical Research‐Space Physics. Sonnerup has been editor since 1982.
Proceedings of the BIOMASS Colloquium in 1982
Authors: Ross C. Robin
Published: October 2011

Specific areas of research resulting from Biological Investigations of Marine Antarctic Systems and Stocks (BIOMASS) obtained during the 1980/1981 summer season in Antarctica are presented in this book. The primary objective of BIOMASS was to enhance the biological understanding of the southern ocean, including the structure and dynamic functioning of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. It is hoped that this information will assist in the development of an ecologically sound strategy for both the exploitation and conservation of the living resources in Antarctica. The scientific results from the first international study of biological oceanography in the southern ocean were discussed at the 1982 colloquium that was held in Tokyo; the 22 papers within this volume are the proceedings from this symposium.
Upcoming hearings in Congress
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The following hearings and markups have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate and House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing or markup; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).

October 8: A joint hearing by the Energy Research & Development Subcommittee of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee and the Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on low‐level radioactive waste (S. 1517 and S. 1578). Room SD‐366, Dirksen Building, 9:30 A.M.
Project EMSLAB examines subduction
Authors: Hermance John F.
Published: October 2011

As part of the International ELAS (Electrical Studies of the Asthenosphere) Project (Eos, July 31, 1979, p. 551), which has been designated as a “key project” by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) Interunion Commission on the Lithosphere, large land and sea electromagnetic arrays have been deployed by workers from Canada, the United States, Mexico, and other countries during the summer and early fall of 1985. Soviet workers are expected to participate in the data analysis. This array, known as Project EMSLAB (for “electromagnetic study of the lithosphere and asthenosphere beneath (the Juan de Fuca Plate and adjacent continents)”), will use geomagnetic variation and magnetotelluric techniques to study the electrical conductivity of the crust, lithosphere, and asthenosphere in and above the actively subducting Juan de Fuca Plate. The area to be studied includes the region from the Juan de Fuca Ridge to the North American continent, across the Cascade Range of southern Canada, Washington and Oregon states, and into the Basin and Range Province of the western United States. Complementing the magnetic variometer array will be a profile of magnetotelluric and short‐period magnetic variation sites along a swath through central Oregon.
Nominations for NSF, NSB
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

President Ronald Reagan plans to nominate William J. Merrell, Jr., to be assistant director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) for Astronomical, Atmospheric, Earth, and Ocean Sciences (AAEO), according to an announcement by NSF. The President also has announced his intention to nominate Craig C. Black and Charles L. Hosier to the National Science Board (NSB), NSF said. The president's nominations are subject to Senate confirmation.
Groundwater Pollution: Environmental and Legal Problems
Authors: Bradbury Kenneth R.
Published: October 2011

Groundwater contamination is now receiving long‐overdue attention from scientists, engineers, water managers, politicians, environmental groups, and the general public. As these diverse groups begin to grapple with the causes and effects of and remedies for groundwater contamination, each must acquire at least a basic understanding of the physical, biomedical, and legal problems and processes that influence groundwater management decisions. Groundwater Pollution: Environmental and Legal Problems is a short, useful book that (from the preface) …highlights the methodological and conceptual difficulties inherent in protecting the nation's groundwater supplies and provides up‐to‐date information on groundwater hydrology, the nature and extent of the groundwater pollution problem, and the possible effects of exposure to contaminated drinking water.
Section candidates
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos is carrying biographies and photographs of candidates for President‐Elect of the Union and for President‐Elect and Secretary of each section. In addition, statements by the candidates for Union and section President‐Elect will appear. The material for the Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Section appears below. That for the Solar‐Planetary Relationships Section appeared in the August 6 issue, for the Seismology Section in the August 13 issue, for the Geodesy Section in the August 20 issue, for the Atmospheric Sciences Section in the August 27 issue, for the Hydrology Section in the September 3 issue, for the Tectonophysics Section in the September 10 issue, for the Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology Section in the September 17 issue, for the Planetology Section in the September 24 issue, and for the Ocean Sciences Section in the October 1 issue. The slate of candidates for all offices was carried in the July 2 issue.
Environmental impact of volcanism
Authors: Sigurdsson Haraldur
Published: October 2011

The Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island (URI), is planning a 2‐day symposium on the Environmental Impact of Volcanism, on March 13–14, 1986. This is one of a series of symposia held at URI in the memory of Norman D. Watkins, who made contributions in a wide range of geophysical research problems, including volcanology. Twenty speakers have been invited to participate in the meeting and to address the geochemistry and the environmental effects of volcanic volatiles in the broadest sense, covering such diverse but related topics as degassing of the earth and origin of the atmosphere, geochemical cycles of volcanic volatile elements in oceans and atmosphere, possible correlations between global episodicity in volcanism, and climate change. The goal is to assemble a multidisciplinary group of scientists at this meeting to give petrologists a nd volcanologists a chance to talk to atmospheric chemists and to give climatologists a chance to exchange views on the impact of volcanism with paleoceanographers and geophysicists, and so on.
CFC contributions
Authors: Ongley Lois K.
Published: October 2011

The Combined Federal Campaign (CFC) provides an opportunity for federal employees to designate the recipient of the charitable donations they make by payroll deduction. Did you know that there are geological and geophysical organizations that are qualified to receive these donations? The two with which I am most familiar are the Association for Women Geoscientists Foundation (AWGF) and the American Geophysical Union; other organizations in our profession with similar tax status would also qualify.

Federal employees should read the CFC pamphlets carefully. It is my understanding that employees need only to provide the name of the organization and its address. Campaign administrators will do the rest.
Nuclear war effects studied
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Widespread starvation resulting from changes in climate in the aftermath of a large‐scale nuclear war could kill far more people than would the bombs themselves. That prediction was made in a recent study by the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE), an a rm of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU). “Noncombatant and combatant countries alike” would risk mass starvation; SCOPE predicted that all told, 2.5 billion people could die as a result of crop failures and breakdowns in food distribution after a nuclear war.
AGU Scholars
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Thirteen AGU Scholars were named from among the recipients of scholarships under the American Geological Institute's (AGI) Minority Participation Program for the 1985–1986 academic year in recognition of AGU's continued strong support and substantial contribution to this program. Of these, three were named AGU Sea Scholars because part of the support for this program is through a matching grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Sea Grant Program, which is aimed at increasing the number of minority students studying in fields related to the development of marine and coastal resources.
West Antarctic ice sheet dynamics
Authors: Van der Veen Cornelis J.
Published: October 2011

Mercer [1978] pointed out that a climatic warming, caused, for instance, by an increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, may lead to a very rapid deglaciation (within a few hundred years) of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, resulting in a sea level rise of about 5 m. The effect of this paper was an enhanced interest in one of the most complex problems in glaciology, namely the stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Fortunately, the need for further research was acknowledged by governmental institutes in various countries, who provided scientists with the necessary funds. In order to obtain a conspectus of recent developments in this field and to give a survey of problems that are still unsolved, an international workshop was hosted by the Institute for Meteorology and Oceanography of the State University of Utrecht, the Netherlands, May 6–8, 1985. This workshop was cosponsored by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, the Ministery of Education and Science, and the Ministery of Health and Environmental Protection. In the following, the main discussion topics and conclusions will be summarized.
Space scientists testify at hearing
Authors: Hartung Jack
Published: October 2011

To provide background for future decisions on National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space and earth science activities, the Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications of the House Science and Technology Committee heard testimony on Space and Earth Science: Past, Present, and Future. Testimony was given by top U.S. space scientists, administrators, and policy‐makers.
Hillslope Stability and Land Use
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Landslides are major earth‐shaping and sediment‐transporting processes in mountainous terrain. Many major landslides result from infrequent rainfall or seismic events that induce unstable conditions on otherwise stable slopes. These extreme events often attract considerable attention, especially when lives are lost. In addition to threatening human life and personal property, landslides can seriously decrease land productivity.
Frank Snodgrass 1920–1985
Authors: Munk Walter
Published: October 2011

Frank Snodgrass died this morning on his farm in Oregon. He had been my partner for 23 years prior to his retirement in 1976.

So many oceanographic techniques that are taken for granted today were introduced by Frank. He pioneered digital recording. He was the first (in 1965) to drop gear in freefall to the sea floor for subsequent acoustic recall. I believe that he was the first to use a portable sea‐going laboratory. We still use the frame of Frank's first model, which dates back over 20 years.
Massive sulfides recovered at Gorda Ridge
Authors: Morton Janet
Published: October 2011

Recent deep‐sea dredging conducted from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research vessel 5. P. Lee recovered samples of massive sulfide deposits from the southern Gorda Ridge axis off northern California. The deposits were recovered from the flank of an uplifted dome in the center of the sediment‐filled Escanaba Trough near 40°45′N. These samples represent the first massive sulfide deposit discovered within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone.
As the world turns
Authors: Chao B. Fong
Published: October 2011

The following experience may be familiar to many of us at some time in our professional careers: upon trying to enter an interdisciplinary area, one is immediately confronted with a terminology barrier. Some of these barriers are just facts of life, whereas others can be traced back to confusions caused simply by loose usage of terminology by our colleagues. Unfortunately, a confusion of the latter kind is developing in one area that is a basis for many geophysical disciplines: the rotation of the earth.
Cold Regions Research Center
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The first major academic center for science and engineering in cold regions will soon be established at the Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College. The Industry‐University Center for Cold Regions Science and Engineering will be established with nearly $0.5 million in support from oil companies and a 5‐year, $250,000 grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Ford Foundation Fellowships
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Applications are available for Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowships for Minorities. About 35 fellowships will be awarded in 1986 to citizens or nationals of the United States who are American Indians, Alaskan Natives (Eskimo or Aleut), Black Americans, Mexican Americans I Chicanos, or Puerto Ricans. These 1‐year, nonrenewable fellowships are intended for persons preparing for or already engaged in college or university teaching or research. Some will also be awarded to “senior teacher‐scholars” to provide an opportunity for professional enrichment and research.
Oceanography of the Southeastern Continental Shelf
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This volume, the second in the Coastal and Estuarine Sciences series, provides a synthesis of the physical, chemical, and biological oceanography of the South Atlantic Bight (SAB). The results presented derive from a decade‐long multidisciplinary investigation of the SAB continental shelf regime.

The SAB extends from West Palm Beach, Fla., where the narrow south Florida shelf begins to broaden, to Cape Hatteras, N.C., where the shelf again narrows. This broad and shallow area is distinguished by the proximity of the Gulf Stream to the shelf break. Large contrasts in the distribution of properties, the strength of oceanic and atmospheric forces, and the high frequency (4–12 days) at which these forces vary have created a unique natural laboratory in which a variety of oceanic processes may be studied.
AGU hydrology publication outlets
Authors: Freeze R. Allan
Published: October 2011

In recent months I have been approached on several occasions by members of the hydrology community who asked me which of the various AGU journals and publishing outlets would be most suitable for a particular paper or article that they have prepared.

Water Resources Research (WRR) is the primary AGU outlet for research papers in hydrology. It is an interdisciplinary journal that integrates research in the social and natural sciences of water. The editors of WRR invite original contributions in the physical, chemical and biological sciences and also in the social and policy sciences, including economics, systems analysis, sociology, and law. The editor for the physical sciences side of the journal is Donald R. Nielson, LAWR Veihmeyer Hall, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616. The editor for the policy sciences side of the journal is Ronald G. Cummings, Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
Water development projects map
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A new map showing major water development projects across the United States has been published by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The map shows the location, size, and ownership of approximately 2800 of the nation's major multipurpose and flood control dams and virtually all of the reservoir storage and flood control capacity of the country. Other features illustrated on the map include U.S. Bureau of Reclamation surface water irrigation projects; watershed protection projects of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service; hydroelectric power facilities, including both federal plants and nonfederal plants leased by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers navigation and flood damage reduction projects; and the federal systems of wild and scenic rivers. The map also delineates major rivers and the 21 USGS water resources region boundaries so that users of the map can locate development projects with respect to drainage basins.
USGS water summary
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geo1ogical:Survey has recently published a valuable source document for all interested in water resources topics. The “National Water Summary” is divided into three parts. The first, Selected Hydrologic Events for Water Year 1984, provides a synopsis of hydrologic conditions and water‐related events that occurred between August 1983 and September 1984. Streamflow variations are compared to precipitation, temperature, and upper‐air atniospheric pressure for the four seasonal quarters of the year, so that the relation of surface water flows to climatic conditions can clearly be seen. The second section, Hydrologic Perspectives on Water Issues, presents an analysis of the occurrence of nitrate in groundwater, an explanation of groundwater level declines in selected areas of the country that represent different hydrogeologic environments, and discussions of the distribution and trends of phosphorous, dissolved solids, suspended sediment, and inorganic nitrogen in major rivers. The final part, State Summaries of Groundwater Resources, summarizes the distribution, characteristics, and uses of principal aquifers for each state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Saipan, Guam, and American Samoa. Each summary contains multicolor maps that show the locations of the aquifers and major areas of groundwater withdrawal, hydrographs that show trends in water levels, arrd tables that describe the characteristics of the aquifers and present data on groundwater withdrawals. The state agencies, laws, and iegulatioris that are involved in groundwater management are also described.
Flood frequency analysis
Authors: Stedigner Jery R. , Burges Stephen J.
Published: October 2011

Accurate estimation of the magnitude of large floods and their frequency is of continuing concern to hydrologists, and thus a special session on this topic was held at the 1985 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md. At the session, papers by W. Kirby and by K. Potter and J. Walker illustrated typical inaccuracies and likely errors in estimates of large Hood discharges by indirect methods. Kirby indicated that the standard error of flood discharges estimated by the slope‐area method is likely to be at least 25%; possible scour and fill during the event are a major contributor to this error. Potter then presented detailed analyses illustrating probable errors of −5, +11, +17 and +44% in the estimation of large floods on four rivers in Wisconsin by indirect methods.
Solute transport in groundwater
Authors: Dougherty David E.
Published: October 2011

Continued research interest in transport in the subsurface was demonstrated at the “Solute Transport in Groundwater” session held at the 1985 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore. This session, following on the heels of the very successful special symposium on “Coupling Geochemical and Hydrologic Models for Subsurface Solute Transport,” was organized by Lenny Konikow of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS, Reston, Va.) and copresided by Steve Gorelick (USGS, Menlo Park, Calif.) and David Dougherty (Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.). Participation was strong, with 12 contributed papers and about 150 attendees. The papers addressed a wide variety of topics, ranging from the theoretical to the applied, from physics to numerical methods.