bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pædagogisk professionssprog
Authors: Jacobsen Gro Hellesdatter , Komischke-Konnerup Leo
Published: May 2022

The article discusses the assumption, that pedagogical professions (teachers and social educators or pedagogues) lack a specific professional vocabulary that may contribute to the status and authority of the professions. With the concept of relational competence as point of departure it is argued that a psychological vocabulary has found its way into the field of pedagogics as part of a general turn towards a focus on competences and school effectiveness, but that a pedagogical language rather should build on pedagogics’ own aim and self-understanding. The German pedagogical researcher Benner’s concepts on Bildsamkeit and invitation to self-determination are introduced as examples on how a professional, pedagogical vocabulary may be rediscovered and further developed.
Om følelser inden for et socialpædagogisk arbejdsområde
Authors: Andersen Peter Østergaard
Published: May 2022

A number of social workers have been interviewed about their ' emotional work ', i.e. what feelings they emphasise, how they work with them, which emotional states and cultures which are prioritised in everyday life and what is accepted as obvious, among other things, difficult or unwanted. The paper illustrates how social workers working with people with mental and physical disabilities, attributes the emotional relationship significance.
Sammenhæng i læreruddannelse
Authors: Lund Jens H. , Nielsen Birgitte Lund
Published: May 2022

The article departs from the observation, that without further definition the concept coherence is very frequently used in didactical and teacher educational discussions and furthermore used with very positive connotations. Based on theoretical and empirical analyses the article describes categorically different meanings of the concept. One conclusion is that considerable differences occur in the way the concept is used in the documents compared to the way it is used and ascribed meaning by the educators in teacher education. The article recommends to promote discussions about the student teachers’ perceptions of coherence in ways that address the complexity of both teacher education and teaching in schools.
Kampen om praksis
Authors: Jensen Uffe Juul
Published: May 2022

Hvordan påvirker den videnskabelige og teknologiske udvikling mellemmenneskelig praksis i almindelighed og professionel praksis i særdeleshed? Med inddragelse af bl.a. Aristoteles’ skelnen mellem skabende aktivitet (poesis, techne) og samfundsmæssig praxis argumenteres der for, at professionel praksis og samfundsmæssige praxis udvikles i et komplekst dialektisk felt, hvor professionel og økonomisk magt er væsentlige medspillere. En forståelse og udvikling af praxis kræver konkrete analyser af disse relationer og de kampe, de giver anledning til. Humanistisk moraliseren mod teknologiens magt er ikke tilstrækkelig. Udviklingen af evidensbaseret praksis inddrages for at illustrere pointen. Udvikling af professionel praksis kræver bl.a., at de professionelle, der vil udvikle praksis, selv opdrages ved, at borgerne, som er genstand for praksis, anerkendes som deltagere og subjekter i forandring af praxis.
Kulturanalyse gennem barndomsforskning
Authors: Gulløv Eva
Published: May 2022

The aim of the article is to show how childhood research contributes to the understanding of culture and society. Through examples taken from different studies in child-institutions, it is argued that not only do such studies extend our knowledge of children's lives and contemporary conditions of childhood, they also provide insights into fundamental cultural values as well as in social divisions and reproductive dynamics of society.
Kompleksitet og systematik i professionsforskning
Authors: Møller Marie Østergaard
Published: May 2022

This special issue focuses on a conflict between emphasizing nuances and complexity in professional work research and a systematic scientific presentation. The article presents the argument that such a conflict can appear in research collaborations dominated by diverse perceptions of validity and of what count as valid knowledge and interpretation of a given phenomenon. Based on a presentation of a backward-mapping scientific analysis of professional work, the article discusses pros and cons of integrating professional complexity with scientific criteria for valid and reliable analyses.
En empirisk forankret metodologi for studiet af værdier i professionerne
Authors: Hansen Rasmus Sommer , Kusk Mette Lind
Published: May 2022

The professions are committed to promoting certain values ​​such as social justice and empowerment. But how should these abstract values ​​be interpreted? We argue that an adequate methodology for the study of values relevant to the professions ​​must include principles for dealing with implicit background assumptions and shared understandings embedded in different social perspectives, and that central among these is a principle of grounding the inquiry in the experience of vulnerable or oppressed groups of living with oppression. To illustrate the approach, we include an example of how ethnographic studies can be used in the analysis of values relevant to the professions.
Praktiske tekster
Authors: Padovan-Özdemir Marta
Published: May 2022

Education is abundant in practical texts regulating, reflecting, guiding, and documenting. Nevertheless, practical texts often pass unnoticed in educational studies. This article discusses how poststructural documentary analysis can use practical texts for problematizing naturalized problematizations in education. Hence, the article takes educational problematizations of immigrant pupils as an example and objectifies it as a social question shaped by and shaping education. Then, key characteristics of practical texts, and how a text corpus can be established, is developed. In conclusion, the article advances a non-evaluative critique of education deploying systematic yet insubordinate analytical experimentation through aesthetic-effective montaging and (re)problematizations.
Forskning i professionspraksis
Authors: Schwartz Ida , Mardahl-Hansen Tilde , Nielsen Anna Sejer
Published: May 2022

Taking its point of departure in an inclusion-research, social-practice-theory, and practice-research commitment, the article discusses how research at university colleges may be applicable relative to professionals’ work with inclusion. Thus, the article establishes a close link between the understanding of research into professions and the understanding of the practice of professions. The fundamental basis is a criticism of notions that research at university colleges is charged with the provision of solutions to well-defined problems in professional practice. An empirical example demonstrates the significance of research that contributes with knowledge about how professionals work actively with the transformation of dilemmas that are linked with problem understanding as well as participatory conditions under contradictory organisational conditions.
Mediating Profession and Discipline
Authors: Hanssen Jessica Allen
Published: May 2022

With increased focus on grade school teachers as subject professionals as background, this article articulates and explores some of the challenges and responsibilities that disciplinary scholars of school subjects in a teacher education context face. Using narrative and phenomenological approaches to document analysis as well as qualitative analysis of empirical data from 16 university teacher educators, this article explores ways in which conflict between two teacher education cultures, the old and the ‘new’, can be managed productively to the benefit of teacher students in this new professional paradigm. The article illuminates some of the key conflicts rising from the ‘universitization’ of teacher education (Hudson, 2017), and also some of the ways in which divergent university cultures can support one another, within the context of teacher education in Norway but also with Nordic and international relevance.
Anvendt forskning i umulige professioner
Authors: Hansen Brian Benjamin
Published: May 2022

The article raises some central questions regarding applied research by focusing on Sigmund Freud’s concept of “impossible professions”, e.g. educating, healing, and governing. It contributes with a discussion of the impasses and impossibilities of working professionally with subjects, not objects. To work with subjects requires not only (applied and effective) knowledge, but also the willingness to confront human actions and vicissitudes outside the framework of knowledge, as well as the disposition of the professional to give latitude to the subject. The article argues for these points through the lens of Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalytic approaches. The overall project of the text is to argue for the expediency of the concept of the impossible in understanding and researching professional practice.
Professional Moral Reasoning and (lack of) Empathy
Authors: Risberg Eirik Julius , Nortvedt Per
Published: May 2022

Empathy is seen as a virtue or even a necessary skill in many professions. However, while proponents of the concept argue that it plays a fundamental role in our moral judgements, critics have objected that our empathy is easily manipulated and that our dispositions to empathise more strongly with those close to or resembling ourselves makes it a poor moral guide. We argue that while not necessary for professional moral judgement, professional moral reasoning would be fundamentally amiss without the ability and willingness to perceive the situation from the perspective of those they are trained to serve.
Feltlaboratoriet som metode
Authors: Kaufmann Lene Teglhus , Aakjær Marie , Skjødt Ulla , Præstegaard Jeanette
Published: May 2022

The article introduces the Fieldlaboratory as a participatory research method for creating knowledge on and with people whos lives are inflicted when new technologies are introduced to practice. Based on empirical material from a research and developmental project with the aim to examine how a network of seniors can be supported by a digital platform, the method is discussed in relation to the use of laboratories in design research and classical anthropological ideas on field work. The article argues that knowledge production in the Fieldlaboratory is based on recognising the new context provided by the intervention of a digital platform, as well as both the present and the possible future.
Progressivismens barnecentrering, hvide børn og ikke-hvide voksne
Authors: Øland Trine
Published: May 2022

This essay expose and discuss Thomas D. Fallace’s explorations of the intellectual history of early US progressive education in order for Danish welfare professions to think about what referencing progressivism and Dewey may be associated with. Despite of pluralistic openings, it is depicted how the assumption that all human beings and all societies go through a development from savagery to civilization, and that non-white groups are stuck in early stages of that development, still haunts progressivism. The ethnocentric and racial assumptions were at first operative in the quest to optimize schooling for non-white pupils, e.g., in the colonies. Later on, progressivism concentrates on white middle class pupils in the private sector of schooling, although non-whites appear as a target group later in history.
Skoleledelse gennem tiden
Authors: Wiedemann Finn
Published: May 2022

The article deals with ideals of school leadership on the basis of analyses of central books which has been published during the last 40-50 years. Through a comparative and hermeneutic inspired approach different ideals of school leadership are identified. The analyses point to that the ideal of school leadership has changed from an ideal where the school leader is an experienced “craftsman” to an ideal where the school leader is a service leader and at present to an ideal, where the school leader are focusing on research and learning. In the end of the article some of the consequences of the development will be discussed.
Forskning er forskning – også på professionshøjskolerne!
Authors: Buch Anders , Glavind Johanne Grøndahl , Iskov Thomas , Noer Vibeke Røn
Published: May 2022

Is the applied research done at Danish university colleges conceptually ‘other’ than the research done at other research institutions? Even though research processes vary in relation to their field and the problems studied, we argue, with inspiration from John Dewey, that it is not warranted to conceptually make this demarcation.
Provinsens oversete uddannelsesopgave
Authors: Gulløv Eva , Gulløv John
Published: May 2022

Based on an ethnographic fieldwork in the municipality of Tønder, Denmark, this article addresses what it means to grow up far from the major centres of education, but subject to explicit expectations to every young person of the need to take education. The massive focus on education affects the individual's self-perception and experiences of local opportunities and limitations as well as the life-forms and social cohesion that forms the base of provincial communities. The article focuses on undesirable implications of the ’education-imperative’, yet also argue that schools and educational institutions can help to counter some of the challenges that people in the provinces face by the development of a more place-sensitive educational approach.
Ansvarlig forskningspraksis, forskningsfrihed og uvildighed
Authors: Andersen Heine
Published: May 2022

The scope of rules on scientific ethics, responsible research practice, etc. has grown steadily over recent decades. These are mostly about what researchers should not and what they should do. In this article, I will look at the principles from a different perspective: Freedom of research is part of good scientific practice. Violating research freedom is detrimental to research. First, I outline very briefly what is meant by professions. Next follows an account of what is generally understood by research freedom. The thesis is that responsible research practice holds a tension between restrictions and freedom.
Institutionalisering af ansvarlig forskningspraksis i professionshøjskole­ sektoren
Authors: Aagaard Kaare , Haase Sanne Schioldann , Mayntz David
Published: May 2022

Over the latest decade ‘research integrity’ has become a major theme on the Danish research policy agenda. However, the national initiatives are broad and abstract and require specific organizational translations. Hence, in this study we ask how the university college sector has responded to the increasing political demands of organizational research integrity policies based on a theoretical framework focusing on organizational translation. The framework highlights that policies seldom are implemented straightforward in classical top down processes, but rather are translated and adjusted selectively to specific organizational contexts in complex and dynamic processes. In an empirical analysis of two selected Danish university colleges we then show that the implementation processes not only have required years of preparation but also have unfolded quite differently across the two organizations. Overall, we find that elements related to explicit requirements and risks of sanctions appear to have been prioritized over more culture-oriented efforts. Based on these findings we discuss challenges and dilemmas in coping with research integrity within the university college sector and round off by highlighting future potentials related to the broader ‘Responsible research and innovation’ agenda.
Hvis universitetet var en biotop
Authors: Kofoed Jette
Published: May 2022

In this essay I experiment with Lauren Berlant’s idea of ‘cruel optimism’ to investigate how policies of responsible conduct of research in academia have effects beyond efforts at establishing a spotless university. Based on experiences from teaching doctoral students about research integrity and ethics I unpack how culpa, vigilance and powerlessness surface. I suggest that there is a need to consider research ethics as an ethics that cares both for and about the university and for those grey areas that emerge when policies on responsible conduct of research are being introduced.
Forskningsintegritet og videnskabens etos
Authors: Dige Morten
Published: May 2022

In this article, I discuss present development in Danish university research, which put research integrity under pressure. The background for the article is a recent enhanced focus on the subject in the shape of rules and procedures for enhancing responsible conduct of research. The article discusses the relation between norms and counter norms for scientific research and includes a recent case about questionable research practice at Aarhus University.
Homo pædagogicus
Authors: Bøje Jakob Ditlev
Published: May 2022

Med afsæt i empirisk materiale fra EVA’s (2021) undersøgelse af vidensgrundlag og fagligt niveau i litteraturen på pædagoguddannelsen foretages i denne artikel en Bourdieu-inspireret analyse af det, der kaldes pædagogers akademiske rum. Formålet er at fremanalysere doxa og herunder de regulariteter, som udvælgelsen af litteratur synes at ske igennem. Disse regulariteter sammendrages i figuren homo pædagogicus, hvis fremkomst diskuteres i sammenhæng med professionshøjskolernes interesser på området – og universiteternes tilsyneladende mangel på samme. Homo pædagogicus bestemmes som lærebogspræget og konsumptionsorienteret, aktuel og reformmærket, i tæt kontakt med store forlag, understøttet af BUPL eller af politiske aktører og diskurser, selvreferentiel, kollegial og indstillet på kendte navne, professionsvenlig, pædagogisk progressiv, drevet og skrevet af professionshøjskolernes egne undervisere/forskere.
Participation of Carbohydrate Structures in the Formation of Complex Structure of Hemocyanins from Haliotis tuberculata
Authors: Dolashki Alexander , Daskalova Asya , Pisareva Emilya , Petrova Ventsislava , Dolashka Pavlina
Published: May 2022

Glycosylation plays an important role in many important processes in organisms. Their participation in the construction of the tertiary structure and immunotherapeutic activity of the hemocyanin Rapana venosa (RvH) from the Black Sea has been presented. Based on these results, the importance of glycans in organization of the structure of hemocyanin from the abdominal mollusk Haliotis tuberculata (HtH) was also studied.

After incubation of both isoforms HtH1 and HtH2 with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and enzyme Zymolyase, fractions with lower molecular weight (MW) between 45 and 65 kDa, which corresponds to MW of functional units (FUs) of hemocyanins, was identified. A comparative analysis of 10% SDS PAGE assays confirmed the depolymerization of the subunits HtH1 and HtH2 due to the specific glycosidase in the yeast S. cerevisiae and the enzyme Zymolyase. The presented results confirm our hypothesis that glycans are involved in the formation of the structural subunits of HtH.
The Expression Level of RAGE Forms in Different Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Petrova Maria , Ugrinova Iva , Pasheva Evdokia
Published: May 2022

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a cell surface multiligand receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The interest of the researchers to RAGE was enhanced by the fact that it is expressed at low levels under normal physiology, but is upregulated in various pathological processes such as neuronal development, diabetes, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer progression, cardiovascular disease (CVD), etc. The receptor can exist as full-length membrane bound and soluble form and it is considered that the balance between the amount of soluble and full-length RAGE might be a key factor for RAGE induced dysfunction. Different human cancer cell lines with various invasive potential were studied for the expression level of RAGE forms. Our finding shows that in less invasive cancers with better prognosis as MCF7 breast cancer and A549 (NSCLC – non small cell lung cancer) the membrane form of RAGE is the minor one and in A549 is even absent. Cancerous cells with great invasive potential and bad prognosis as MDA-MB-231, H1299 and HeLA expressed predominantly full-length receptor and sRAGE is poorly represented.
Poloidal-compressional MHD Modes of the Earth's Ionosphere
Authors: Nenovski Petko , Shkevov Rumen
Published: May 2022

Large-scale MHD modes supported by the Earth’s ionosphere are considered. The ionosphere plasma and the static Earth’s geomagnetic field are considered in a quasi-dipole box system, where the static magnetic field varies both in direction and in magnitude. A basic wave equation for function E (electric field) is derived for poloidal-compressional MHD modes and subsequently solved taking into account the magnetic field magnitude changes. Resonance frequencies, amplitude profiles and polarization features of the poloidal-compressional MHD modes of the ionosphere are pointed out.
Stereotactic Electroencephalography in Patients with Drug-resistant Epilepsy
Authors: Minkin Krasimir , Gabrovski Kaloyan , Karazapryanov Petar , Milenova Yoana , Sirakov Stanimir , Karakostov Vasil , Dimova Petia
Published: May 2022

Stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG) is an important method for invasive presurgical exploration of candidates for epilepsy surgery by means of stereotactic implantation of intracerebral electrodes without craniotomy. Implantations of intracerebral electrodes through craniotomy in drug-resistant epileptic patients have been performed in Bulgaria in the 1980s, but no further development of epilepsy surgery followed. The aim of our study is to present the first Bulgarian series of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy explored by SEEG.
Our study included 53 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy explored by SEEG. Stereotactic Leksell frame, stereotactic software for avascular trajectory planning and depth electrodes with diameter of 0.8 mm and 8–18 contacts were used in all patients. Subsequently, long-term video-SEEG monitoring of various duration was performed and registered interictal and ictal EEG activity in order to evaluate the putative epileptogenic zone.
Fifty-three patients were explored by 62 SEEGs because one patient underwent three SEEG procedures and seven patients – two SEEG procedures. We implanted 753 electrodes in these 62 SEEGs (mean: 12 electrodes per exploration; range: 5–20 electrodes). The mean age in our cohort was 23.6 years (4–60 years). The main indication for SEEG was MRI-negative epilepsy (20 patients). Focal cortical dysplasia was found in 17 cases, and hippocampal sclerosis in 8 cases. Surgical intervention was done in 48 patients (91%). Surgical resection of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) as defined by the SEEG was performed in 27 patients; radiofrequency stereotactic thermocoagulation (RFTC) on selected electrode contacts was applied in seven patients, and both procedures (i.e. RFTC followed by resective surgery) were performed on 14 patients. Full seizure control (Engel class I) was achieved in 28 patients (58.3%) and significant improvement – in 17 patients (35.4%). Three patients (6.2%) had no effect from surgery. No complications were observed in our series of 62 SEEGs.
SEEG is a major tool for the determination of the EZ in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who are candidates for epilepsy surgery, including MRI-negative cases or such without congruent data from the clinical, neurophysiological and neuroimaging perspectives. SEEG is a low-risk invasive diagnostic and even a therapeutic method when performed by experienced epilepsy surgery team.
Melatonin Receptor 1B Polymorphisms and Reproductive Failure – a Pilot Study
Authors: Robeva Ralitsa , Marinova Elena , Nikolaev Georgi , Andonova Silvia , Savov Alexey , Tanev Dobromir , Nikolov Gueorgui , Konakchieva Rossitza
Published: May 2022

The present study aimed to investigate the possible associations between  the melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1b) genetic polymorphisms and the presence of reproductive disturbances due to spontaneous abortion and implantation failure leading to pregnancy loss. The patients group included 35 women presenting with one or more miscarriages and/or implantation failure. Another 36 healthy women without history of implantation failure or miscarriages and with at least one birth served as a control group. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotyping for the MTNR1b polymorphisms rs1562444, rs10830962 and rs10830963 was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. The genotype distribution of the investigated MTNR1b polymorphisms in patients with reproductive failure did not differ significantly to the group of women with at least one birth (p > 0.05 for all). Nevertheless, the presence of a haplotype rs1562444 AA rs10830962 GG was significantly less common in women with miscarriages or implantation failure than in women with at least one birth (2.9% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.028). We suggest that the haplotype might be protective against implantation failure and spontaneous miscarriage. Additionally, rs1562444 AA genotype was not found in women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Studies in larger populations are necessary to reveal the proper associations between different  MTNR1b haplotypes, ovarian function and reproductive failure.
The Relationship between H. pylori and Dietary Habits in Obese Female Patients
Authors: Karaman Ulku , Kaya Yasemin , Arıcı Yeliz , Arserim Neval , Karagöz Zuhal , Colak Cemil , Yolalan Gamze , Top Sermin
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the dietary habits of obese women aged above 18 and the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Five hundred and sixty-one women aged above 18 were included in the study. Patients filled in questionnaires consisting of questions regarding their sociodemographic variables, chronic diseases and dietary habits. Blood samples taken from the patients were tested according to the H. pylori kit procedures and the results were categorized as positive and negative. In the study, obese and nonobese patients were compared and then H. Pylori positive and negative groups were compared. No significant difference was found between groups in terms of H. pylori in the comparison of obese and nonobese patients (p = 0.272). When H. pylori positive and negative groups of obese patients were compared in terms of their dietary habits, consumption rates of butter, whole-fat or lowfat milk, cookies-cake etc., and chocolate-candies were detected to be higher in the H. pylori positive group (p < 0.05). Red meat consumption (p = 0.044) and smoking rates were lower (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of the consumption rates of bread, rice/pasta, corn, cheese, chicken, fish, sausages, fruit, vegetables, legumes and salt. No significant difference was found between obese and nonobese women in terms of H. pylori positivity. It was observed that H. pylori positive obese women had higher consumption rates of butter, whole-fat or low-fat milk, cake-cookies etc., and chocolate-candies.
Stress Distribution of Periodontal Ligament in Mandibular Second Molar with Different Distal Alveolar Bone Losses
Authors: Huajie Li , Zhao Li
Published: May 2022

To explore the effect of occlusal adjustment in mandibular second molar with different distal alveolar bone losses on the stress distribution of periodontal ligament, a left mandibular second molar was modelled using finite element analysis based on X-ray CBCT scanned images with different distal alveolar bone losses and different occlusal effects. The equivalent stress of periodontal ligament was analyzed to study the biomechanical properties of periodontal ligament in mandibular second molars with different occlusal areas and different distal alveolar bone losses. Results demonstrate that periodontal tissue plays an important role in supporting teeth, and the residual periodontal tissue is suggested to be retained as much as possible in clinical treatment.
A genome-wide functional genomics approach uncovers genetic determinants of immune phenotypes in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Chu Xiaojing , Janssen Anna WM , Koenen Hans , Chang Linzhung , He Xuehui , Joosten Irma , Stienstra Rinke , Kuijpers Yunus , Wijmenga Cisca , Xu Cheng-Jian , Netea Mihai G , Tack Cees J , Li Yang
Published: May 2022

Background:

The large inter-individual variability in immune-cell composition and function determines immune responses in general and susceptibility o immune-mediated diseases in particular. While much has been learned about the genetic variants relevant for type 1 diabetes (T1D), the pathophysiological mechanisms through which these variations exert their effects remain unknown.

Methods:

Blood samples were collected from 243 patients with T1D of Dutch descent. We applied genetic association analysis on >200 immune-cell traits and >100 cytokine production profiles in response to stimuli measured to identify genetic determinants of immune function, and compared the results obtained in T1D to healthy controls.

Results:

Genetic variants that determine susceptibility to T1D significantly affect T cell composition. Specifically, the CCR5+ regulatory T cells associate with T1D through the CCR region, suggesting a shared genetic regulation. Genome-wide quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping analysis of immune traits revealed 15 genetic loci that influence immune responses in T1D, including 12 that have never been reported in healthy population studies, implying a disease-specific genetic regulation.

Conclusions:

This study provides new insights into the genetic factors that affect immunological responses in T1D.

Funding:

This work was supported by an ERC starting grant (no. 948207) and a Radboud University Medical Centre Hypatia grant (2018) to YL and an ERC advanced grant (no. 833247) and a Spinoza grant of the Netherlands Association for Scientific Research to MGN CT received funding from the Perspectief Biomarker Development Center Research Programme, which is (partly) financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). AJ was funded by a grant from the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD/AZ Macrovascular Programme 2015). XC was supported by the China Scholarship Council (201706040081).
Syntaxin-1A modulates vesicle fusion in mammalian neurons via juxtamembrane domain dependent palmitoylation of its transmembrane domain
Authors: Vardar Gülçin , Salazar-Lázaro Andrea , Zobel Sina , Trimbuch Thorsten , Rosenmund Christian
Published: May 2022

SNAREs are undoubtedly one of the core elements of synaptic transmission. Contrary to the well characterized function of their SNARE domains bringing the plasma and vesicular membranes together, the level of contribution of their juxtamembrane domain (JMD) and the transmembrane domain (TMD) to the vesicle fusion is still under debate. To elucidate this issue, we analyzed three groups of STX1A mutations in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons: (1) elongation of STX1A’s JMD by three amino acid insertions in the junction of SNARE-JMD or JMD-TMD; (2) charge reversal mutations in STX1A’s JMD; and (3) palmitoylation deficiency mutations in STX1A’s TMD. We found that both JMD elongations and charge reversal mutations have position-dependent differential effects on Ca2+-evoked and spontaneous neurotransmitter release. Importantly, we show that STX1A’s JMD regulates the palmitoylation of STX1A’s TMD and loss of STX1A palmitoylation either through charge reversal mutation K260E or by loss of TMD cysteines inhibits spontaneous vesicle fusion. Interestingly, the retinal ribbon specific STX3B has a glutamate in the position corresponding to the K260E mutation in STX1A and mutating it with E259K acts as a molecular on-switch. Furthermore, palmitoylation of post-synaptic STX3A can be induced by the exchange of its JMD with STX1A’s JMD together with the incorporation of two cysteines into its TMD. Forced palmitoylation of STX3A dramatically enhances spontaneous vesicle fusion suggesting that STX1A regulates spontaneous release through two distinct mechanisms: one through the C-terminal half of its SNARE domain and the other through the palmitoylation of its TMD.
Timely coupling of sleep spindles and slow waves linked to early amyloid-β burden and predicts memory decline
Authors: Chylinski Daphne , Van Egroo Maxime , Narbutas Justinas , Muto Vincenzo , Bahri Mohamed Ali , Berthomier Christian , Salmon Eric , Bastin Christine , Phillips Christophe , Collette Fabienne , Maquet Pierre , Carrier Julie , Lina Jean-Marc , Vandewalle Gilles
Published: May 2022

Sleep alteration is a hallmark of ageing and emerges as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While the fine-tuned coalescence of sleep microstructure elements may influence age-related cognitive trajectories, its association with AD processes is not fully established. Here, we investigated whether the coupling of spindles and slow waves (SW) is associated with early amyloid-β (Aβ) brain burden, a hallmark of AD neuropathology, and cognitive change over 2 years in 100 healthy individuals in late-midlife (50–70 years; 68 women). We found that, in contrast to other sleep metrics, earlier occurrence of spindles on slow-depolarisation SW is associated with higher medial prefrontal cortex Aβ burden (p=0.014, r²β*=0.06) and is predictive of greater longitudinal memory decline in a large subsample (p=0.032, r²β*=0.07, N=66). These findings unravel early links between sleep, AD-related processes, and cognition and suggest that altered coupling of sleep microstructure elements, key to its mnesic function, contributes to poorer brain and cognitive trajectories in ageing.
Prospective quantitative gene expression analysis of kallikrein-related peptidase KLK10 as a diagnostic biomarker for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ahmad Shwan Majid , Ahmed Basima Sadq , Khidhir Karzan Ghafur , Rahman Heshu Sulaiman
Published: May 2022

Background

The most common malignancy in children is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study aimed to explore KLK10 mRNA expression as a potential diagnostic biomarker for ALL in children and to examine the effect of chemotherapy on KLK10 mRNA expression following the induction and after three months of receiving chemotherapy.

Methods

In this prospective study, total RNA was extracted from blood samples of 23 pediatric ALL patients on diagnosis, after one month and three months of receiving chemotherapy. Healthy pediatric volunteers (n = 12) were selected as control individuals. After cDNA synthesis, KLK10 mRNA gene expression levels were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results

KLK10 mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased in leukemic cells compared to their levels in cells of normal blood samples (p = 0.0001). KLK10 expression levels in ALL patients after one month and three months of receiving chemotherapy decreased compared to normal blood samples (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0175 respectively). The expression level of KLK10 mRNA in ALL patients after one month of chemotherapy was decreased compared to their level on diagnosis (p = 0.4413). KLK10 mRNA expression levels in ALL patients after three months of chemotherapy were increased compared to their level on diagnosis (p = 0.0602). The ROC curve illustrated that KLK10 mRNA expression could very efficiently discriminate ALL patients from normal counterparts (AUC=0.886, 95% CI [0.7720–1.000], SE = 0.0582, p = 0.0004).

Conclusion

KLK10 mRNA expression could serve as a potential diagnostic molecular biomarker for ALL in children.
El ciberespacio: Presupuestos para su ordenación jurídico-internacional
Authors: Robles Carrillo Margarita
Published: May 2022

El ciberespacio es un ámbito en el que el avance y el desarrollo tecnológico, imparables en su velocidad y en su impacto, contrastan con una situación de relativo impasse desde el punto de vista jurídico. El derecho se ha ocupado de su regulación mediante una aproximación sectorial, coyuntural y fragmentaria que difícilmente puede cubrir sus necesidades de normación. El aumento de la criminalidad y de la conflictividad cibernética constituye una prueba evidente y constante de las carencias de esa regulación. La ordenación jurídica del ciberespacio requiere un planteamiento global y coherente sobre la base de un análisis previo de esta realidad y de los condicionantes y presupuestos que impone y que la diferencian de otros espacios sujetos a regulación. La amenaza cibernética supone un cambio de paradigma porque es diferente, completamente deslocalizada, insuficientemente apreciada y de naturaleza estructural. La conflictividad ciberespacial se manifiesta, asimismo, de un modo singular en la cibercriminalidad, el ciberespionaje, el ciberterrorismo y la ciberguerra, diferenciándose de sushomólogas no virtuales y difuminándose los límites entre esas diversas categorías. El ciberespacio impone, también, la necesidad de abordar ciertos cambios en los modelos de organización interna e internacional.
Partidos políticos y producción legislativa en el Perú: 2006-2011
Authors: García Marín Ignacio
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación analiza la producción legislativa llevadaa cabo durante el segundo mandato de Alan García desde un punto de vistacuantitativo. Para ello, se exponen las principales potestades del ejecutivoy congreso así como el sistema partidario peruano en el quinquenio 2006-2011 y su evolución. Posteriormente se analizan las tasas de éxito de losproyectos de ley presentados en dicho período. Aparentemente, la elevada ycreciente fragmentación partidaria dificultó la aprobación de proyectos deley tanto los provenientes del oficialismo como de la oposición. Asimismo,el ejecutivo tendió al empleo elevado del decreto, práctica no obstante frecuenteen el Perú. Todo ello, enmarcado en un sistema partidario altamentefragmentado y con escasa institucionalización, lo que estaría propiciandoun rol secundario para las organizaciones partidarias en el sistema políticorespecto al papel que quizá debieran desempeñar en otras circunstancias.
Democracia, Constitución y probidad pública y privada
Authors: Peña Torres Marisol
Published: May 2022

Ponencia presentada por la Ministra del Tribunal Constitucional y ex Presidenta del mismo, Sra. Marisol Peña Torres, en la inauguración del Magíster en Derecho de la Universidad Católica de Temuco, presentada con fecha 28 de abril de 2016.

En su escrito, la Ministra aborda las imbricaciones existentes entre los extremos mencionados, esto es, democracia, Constitución y probidad, jalonándola de precisas referencias a diversos pronunciamientos del máximo intérprete de la Ley Fundamental sobre la materia.
DISCURSO CELEBRACION DE 10 AÑOS DE REFORMA PROCESAL PENAL 2000-2010.Corte de Apelaciones Temuco
Authors: Mesa Latorre Álvaro
Published: May 2022

16 de Diciembre de 2010
La mediación familiar obligatoria: una crítica a la regulación y funcionamiento en Chile
Authors: Paredes Zieballe Alejandro
Published: May 2022

Como una forma de descongestionar los tribunales de familia, la Ley 20.286 establece en Chile, entre otras medidas, la mediación obliga-toria previa a la interposición de la demanda en determinadas materias de familia. Esta investigación contempla un estudio de la mediación como una forma alternativa de resolución de conflictos en derecho de familia desde diversas perspectivas y pretende efectuar un análisis crítico del mecanismo de mediación obligatoria en nuestra legislación.
Imputación y detención policial. Perspectiva española
Authors: Bujosa Vadell Lorenzo
Published: May 2022

La policía, en su actividad relacionada con el proceso penal, lle-va a cabo con frecuencia la atribución de la comisión de una infracción criminal contra alguna persona determinada y, si se cumplen ciertas cir-cunstancias previstas por la ley, está obligada a proceder a la detención. En este artículo se examina, desde la perspectiva del derecho español, algunas cuestiones específicas que se plantean en torno a los presupuestos legales concretos, las diversas finalidades que se persiguen, los problemas sobre la duración de la privación policial de la libertad, así como las complejidades del régimen jurídico del detenido, teniendo en cuenta también los casos es-peciales del enjuiciamiento rápido, los procesos por terrorismo, los casos de menores detenidos y de los extranjeros, además del procedimiento previsto en concreto para proceder al control jurisdiccional de las exigencias legales, llevando ante el juez competente a la persona que se supone ilegalmente detenida.
Sentencia en contra del Registro Civil por desconocer derechos hereditarios a hija no matrimonial (Corte de Apelaciones de Talca)
Authors: Palavecino Cáceres Adriana
Published: May 2022

Sentencia

Talca, trece de mayo de dos mil trece.

VISTO:

Que, a fojas 15 se presenta don MANUEL JOSÉ RETAMAL ÁVILA, abo-gado, domiciliado en calle Maipú N° 400, oficina 4 de la ciudad de Cau-quenes, en representación de doña ELIANA DEL CARMEN JARA, R.U.N. 4.817.748-4, labores de hogar, domiciliada en sector Tavolguen, Km. 9, ca-mino a Chanco, comuna de Cauquenes, interponiendo recurso de protección en contra de la Directora Regional del Maule del Servicio de Registro Civil e Identificación, doña Cristina Andrea Bravo Castro, domiciliada en calle en calle Uno Oriente N°835, de la ciudad de Talca.
Las implicaciones jurídicas de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, con un enfoque desde la autonomía de la voluntad en el contexto jurídico cubano.
Authors: Pereira Pérez Joanna
Published: May 2022

En la investigación se realiza un estudio sobre las implicaciones jurídicas de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, con un enfoque desde la autonomía de la voluntad. Empleando el análisis de documentos, un cuestionario y la entrevista a expertos, se determinaron las condiciones que deben caracterizar el ejercicio de la autonomía de un enfermo de Alzheimer para otorgar los mecanismos de autoprotección jurídica en previsión de su propia y futura incapacidad y así proteger su persona y sus bienes. Se vincula la autonomía de la voluntad con la libertad, las características de esta enfermedad y la capacidad jurídica de obrar de los discapacitados mentales, se estudia la recepción legislativa de la autonomía en el ordenamiento jurídico cubano y su necesario reflejo en lo estipulado en el Programa Integral de Atención al Adulto Mayor en Cuba, por ser el grupo poblacional más afectado por esta enfermedad. Todo lo cual, unido a la relación entre el envejecimiento poblacional, la enfermedad de Alzheimer y los mecanismos de autoprotección jurídica, permitieron precisar las problemáticas jurídicas que genera el ejercicio de autonomía de la voluntad de los enfermos de Alzheimer, en previsión de su propia incapacidad.
Freight Forwarding Company Selection Using Hybrid IFAHP-IFTODIM Method
Authors: Pratiwi Fara El Nandhita , Widodo Agus , Darti Isnani
Published: May 2022

In selecting the best freight forwarding company, the concept of a Decision Support System (DSS) can be used to find the best solution from several alternatives. One of the DSS methods is the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (IFAHP) and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Tomada de Decisao Interativa Multicriterio (IFTODIM). This study applied the IFAHP method combined with the IFTODIM method to select the best freight forwarding company at PT Progressio Indonesia. PT Progression Indonesia is a manufacturing and retail company that produces furniture. There are 11 criteria used in the performance assessment of the four alternatives. This research shows that the best freight forwarding company at PT Progressio Indonesia is Kobra Express, with a comprehensive value of 1.000. The second is Herona Express, with a comprehensive value of 0.9437, followed by Indah Logistik Cargo, with a comprehensive value of 0.7005. The last is Guna Dharma Express, with a comprehensive value of 0.0000.
New and Updated Recommendations for the Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis–Associated Uveitis and Idiopathic Chronic Anterior Uveitis
Authors: Foeldvari Ivan , Maccora Ilaria , Petrushkin Harry , Rahman Najiha , Anton Jordi , de Boer Joke , Calzada‐Hernández Joan , Carreras Elisa , Diaz Jesus , Edelsten Clive , Angeles‐Han Sheila T. , Heiligenhaus Arnd , Miserocchi Elisabetta , Nielsen Susan , Saurenmann Rotraud K. , Stuebiger Nicole , Baquet‐Walscheid Karoline , Furst Daniel , Simonini Gabriele
Published: May 2022

Objective

The Multinational Interdisciplinary Working Group for Uveitis in Childhood identified the need to update the current guidelines, and the objective here was to produce this document to guide clinicians managing children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis–associated uveitis (JIAU) and idiopathic chronic anterior uveitis (CAU).

Methods

The group analyzed the literature published between December 2014 and June 2020 after a systematic literature review conducted by 2 clinicians. Pediatric rheumatologists were paired with ophthalmologists to review the eligible 37 publications. The search criteria were selected to reflect those used for the 2018 Single Hub and Access point for pediatric Rheumatology in Europe (SHARE) recommendations, in order to provide an update, rather than a replacement for that publication. The summary of the current evidence for each SHARE recommendation was presented to the expert committee. These recommendations were then discussed and revised during a video consensus meeting on January 22, 2021, with 14 voting participants, using a nominal group technique to reach consensus.

Results

JIAU treatment was extended to include CAU. Fourteen recommendations regarding treatment of JIAU und CAU with >90% agreement were accepted.

Conclusion

An update to the previous 2018 SHARE recommendations for the treatment of children with JIAU with the addition of CAU was created using an evidence‐based consensus process. This guideline should help support clinicians to care for children and young people with CAU.
Event‐triggered adaptive fault‐tolerant vibration control for a flexible robotic manipulator based on the partial differential equation model
Authors: Li Le , Liu Jinkun
Published: May 2022

This study investigates the event‐triggered adaptive control issues of a flexible manipulator when the control system is implemented over a network. The flexible manipulator has two actuators, which receive signals from the controller through the communication network. Given the limited communication problem of network and potential actuator failures, an event‐triggered adaptive fault‐tolerant controller is proposed based on the partial differential equation model. In our design, two event‐triggering mechanisms are introduced to avoid continuous signal transmission from the controller to the actuator. Then, an adaptive law using the projection mapping operator is designed to compensate for the impact of actuator failures. By employing the proposed control scheme, angular position tracking and vibration elimination can be achieved while reducing signal transmission, regardless of actuator failure. All closed‐loop signals are proved to be uniformly ultimately bounded. The control performance is demonstrated by numerical simulations.