bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Undergraduate Business Education Courses Help the Superintendent and High School Principal Do a Better Job of Administering the School
Authors:   , Goodheart Loren
Published: February 2023

The major purpose of this study was to determine the business courses which help the school superintendent and high school principal to better administer their school. A questionnaire was sent to ninety-four school administrators in Kansas who had a bachelor’s degree in business. Sixty-one of these administrators completed the questionnaire and forty-seven and five tenths percent named accounting as the course which helped them most in school administration. Business administration was named second, personnel management was third, and typing was named fourth. Other courses, such as business law, selling and sales administration, and money and banking, were named by a much smaller percentage of the respondents. It was the conclusion of this study that business might be a good background for the prospective school administrator and that prospective school administrators be advised to enroll in some accounting, business administration, personnel management, and typing courses. Further research is recommended in undergraduate majors other than business, especially in the social science and the science field. After research is done in these two areas significant comparison can be made between the fields of business, social science, and science as this comprises approximately 57 percent of the present school administrator’s undergraduate majors.
The Synthesis of Precursors of 3-Isoacequinoline
Authors:   , Tark Sung-Yong
Published: February 2023

Attempts to synthesize 3-isoacequinoline by heterocyclic ring formation via the Pomeranz-Fritsch synthesis have been unfruitful. Cyclization of ±-(l-indanimino)-acetaldehyde diethylacetal, and ±-(5-methoxy-l-indanimino)-acetaldehyde diethylacetal have been investigated using concentrated sulfuric acid, or a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and phosphoric anhydride in different reaction conditions. None proved to be effective. Modification of the Pomeranz-Fritsch method, in which the reduced Schiff base from ±-(5,6-dimethoxy-l- indanimino)-acetaldehyde diethylacetal was treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid also gave unsatisfactory results. An inverse Friedel-Crafts method employed to cyclize N-tosyl-±-(l-indanamino) acetyl chloride by an intramolecular acylation has been investigated and gives promise of leading to the desired 3-isoacequinoline.
Consumer Advertising : Its Economic Validity and Effects
Authors:   , Lebsack Richard
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of this thesis to study the effects of advertising on the consumer, to identify the positive and negative effects of consumer advertising, and to ascertain if any possible revisions and adjustments should be made in our present advertising system. Chapter II discusses the general factors concerning advertising today. Included in this chapter is a brief history of how advertising developed to its level of maturity today. Also discussed is the economic importance of advertising, the scope and vitality of advertising, and the major medias used today. Chapter II I is concerned with the positive effects of consumer advertising such as its stabilizing effect and its effect on monopoly, competition, prices and profits. Also included in this chapter is advertising's effect on cost of goods and product improvement. Chapter IV discusses the negative effects of consumer advertising. The two major areas of concern are health quackery and the waste that consumer advertising is creating. Chapter V presents a summary of the future of consumer advertising and the problem areas to be dealt with. Included in this chapter is the growth of advertising and the indispensable role that it plays in our economy.
Impressed Observations
Authors:   , Watson Sheryl
Published: February 2023

The visual expression in this exhibition culminated from more than two years of concentrated effort. The prints empathetically in some cases, and neutrally in others, record my observations of selected experiences from a broad spectrum occurring throughout human existence. Serious effort was made in this series of prints to communicate the power of the pertinent, the adverse, the gruesome, and the magnificent. Creative expression in the arts is often used to elicit feelings from the observer which may be neutral, negative or positive. Individuals viewing such art might be stimulated to make proactive demands in some cases or develop proactive support in others. Some of the pieces illustrate problems within our ever more crowed planet such as conflict, poverty or the sense of being left out. Others depict ordinary circumstances. My purpose in this exhibit was to do art based upon my observations concerning society from a global scale down to a personal level. Each person that views my art will bring special experiences resulting in a completely personal interpretation. When there is this interaction between the art and the viewer, I am gratified and feel my creation is a success.
The Kansas Bill of Rights As Interpreted By The State Supreme Court, 1861-1940
Authors:   , King Thomas
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of this thesis to s how the meaning of the Kansas Bill of Rights as determined by the Kansas Supreme Court in the many cases which have involved these rights. The thesis can show to the reader only what the court has determined in the past and the meaning of the Bill of Rights only as it applies to those situations which have been brought before the court. There are vast, potential meanings which will be brought to light only in the future as the court is asked to decide in other cases the meaning of the constitution and the l aw.
Images of Man's Reason in Space and Nature
Authors:   , Taylor Warren
Published: February 2023

The works presented in this thesis deal generally with the assembling of various perspective points with which the location of man in his natural word is described. In scientific thought, if two given points are known and located, then by use of specific laws, a third previously unknown point may be charted. The images of man’s attempt to see a microcosm and a macrocosm have spoken curiously about his attempt to see the unknown. My intention in assembling these images is not to attempt to know the physical forces which govern them and their cycles, but to juxtapose them in a tableau where their textures, designs, and structure may be considered. The Venician Baroque ceiling figure embodies the supreme vantage point between which it can survey the scientific and the spiritual infinite. In a similar respect although physical, space photographs represent a new ability to view the microcosm and macrocosm as they merge imperceptibly into one another.
Attachment, Self-Esteem, and Cigarette Smoking Habits in College Students
Authors:   , Strahm Kimberly
Published: February 2023

The present study examined attachment style, self-esteem and smoking habits. Participants for this study were recruited from undergraduate Personal Wellness classes. Both attachment style and self-esteem have been linked with health behaviors, such as smoking, in previous research. There currently have not been any studies that have focused on the relation between attachment, self-esteem and smoking by itself. Three scales were then used in this study, Bartholomew and Horowitz's (1991) Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and a Smoking Questionnaire. The RQ was used to determine the participant's attachment style. Rosenberg's Self- Esteem Scale consists of 10 self-report statements that participants rated on a 5-point Likert type scale resulting in a scale range of 10-50 with higher scores representing higher self-esteem. The final scale was a smoking questionnaire that was used to determine whether or not the participants are current cigarette smokers, social smokers, have never smoked, the average number of cigarettes they smoke per day, if they have ever tried quitting, and at what age they started smoking. Results from this study revealed that individuals who report to have a secure attachment style also report to have a higher self-esteem than individuals who report any other attachment style. Results also indicated that there was no relationship between an individual's attachment style and his/her cigarette smoking habits. It was expected that an individual's self-esteem would be higher if he/she were classified as a non-smoker, but the results showed that there was no relationship between the two variables. Finally, results showed that neither self-esteem nor attachment style contribute to the explanation of the number of cigarettes smoked.
Gerald B. Winrod
Authors:   , Sullivan Larry
Published: February 2023

This thesis is a study of the life, thought, and activities of Gerald Burton Winrod. Winrod was a preacher, publisher, and politician who resided at Wichita, Kansas. During the 1930s and 1940s he received a great deal of publicity and achieved some notoriety because of his anti-Semitic activities. He was also accused of being a Nazi, and during World War II was indicted and tried for sedition. Also Winrod attempted, in 1938, to win the Republican nomination as candidate for United States Senator from Kansas. All of these activities are discussed in the thesis including his religious ideas which provided the basis for everything he did. In gathering material for this thesis the writer spent a great deal of time in the library of the Kansas State Historical Society in Topeka. There he found copies of the periodicals published by Winrod, plus copies of his speeches and other materials used during the 1938 Senatorial campaign. The writer also read several books written by Gerald B. Winrod. These materials plus the newspaper accounts of his activities provided the primary source materials for this thesis. Secondary source materials included several periodical articles written about Winrod or about native Nazism and anti-Semitism in America. The writer also consulted several books on Nazism, anti-Semitism, and “radical” Protestantism. The research was rounded out by a two hour interview with Gordon Winrod, son of the study's subject. In this way an insight was gained which could not have been achieved merely by reading. The conclusions reached in this thesis are as follows: Winrod considered himself to be first and foremost a preacher of Christianity. It was his understanding of the Christian faith which held his life together and motivated his activities. His religious convictions led him into anti-Semitic denunciations of Jews whom he believed were plotting to destroy Christian Civilization. His “fundamentalist” approach to Christianity produced a moral puritanism which led him to praise the Nazi regime in Germany because he believed Adolph Hitler was “cleaning up” Germany. Winrod himself, however, was not a Nazi and later spoke very critically of them. It was also Winrod’s religious principles which led him into politics. He opposed legalized liquor and what he considered a soft line toward Communism. He hoped to reverse these trends by making the Senate a sounding board for the Gospel of Jesus Christ. The indictments and the trial for sedition were, this writer believes, the result of “war hysteria”. The general assessment of Gerald Winrod which this thesis arrives at is that although Winrod was wrong about many things; and although some of his ideas were asinine and abhorrent, he was a sincere preacher and practicer of what he believed to be right.
Children's Attitudes Toward Physical Activity and Self-Esteem
Authors:   , Ewy Stan
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate attitudes toward physical activity and self-esteem of elementary school children. The independent variables investigated were gender, grade placement, and physical fitness. The dependent variables were scores form the Grade 3 Children’s Attitudes Toward Physical Activity, the Revised Children’s Attitudes Toward Physical Activity Inventory (CATPA), and the school form of the Coppersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). The sample consisted of 82 students in grades 3-5. Two composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 91 comparisons were made. Of the 91 comparisons, 39 were for main effects and 52 were for interactions. Of the 39 for main effects, 3 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The following main effects were statically significant. 1. The independent variable gender of the dependent variable Aesthetic; 2. The independent variable grade placement for the dependent variable social self-Peers; 3. The independent variable grade placement for the dependent variable Home-Parents. Of the 52 interactions, 4 were statistically significant at the.05 level. The following interactions were statistically significant: 1. The interaction among gender, grade placement, and physical fitness for the dependent variable Gender Self; 2. The interaction among gender, grade placement, and physical fitness for the dependent variable Social Self-Peers; 3. The interaction between gender and grade placement for the dependent variable Home-Parents; and 4. The interaction among gender, grade placement, and physical fitness for the dependent variable Total Self. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Girls reported a more positive attitude toward Aesthetic than boys; 2. Fourth and fifth graders reported higher Social Self-Peer scores than third graders; 3. Fourth and fifth graders reported higher Home-Parent scores than third and fifth graders; 4. The interactions among gender, grade placement, and physical fitness for General Self; among gender, grade placement and physical fitness for social Self-Peers; between gender and grade placement for Home-Parents; and among gender; grade placement, and physical fitness for Total Self; 5. No association between physical fitness and attitudes toward physical activity; 6. No association between grade placement and attitudes toward physical activity.
Description and Analysis of Paleosols Within the Dakota Formation (Cretaceous) in Central Kansas
Authors:   , Cumming Scott
Published: February 2023

Fossil soil (paleosols) in the Dakota Formation (Cretaceous) in Central Kansas provide insight into environmental conditions at the time of soil genesis. Therefore, incorporation of paleopedology into the overall study of this important formation is highly valuable. Detailed lithologic descriptions of the Kansas Geological Survey (KGS) #1 Jones, Kenyon #1, and Gaydusek WII cores, plus five measured sections, provide a starting point whereby these paleosols can be identified and systematically classified. The aforementioned cores and measured sections are actually only eight specific locations within a six county region in central and north central Kansas. To expand reach of the study, geochemical data resulting from laboratory analyses of nearly 100 samples collected from the three cores and two of the measured sections cerate rough geochemical profiles of these individual locations. The laboratory analytical data are consider “the truth” whereby spectral gamma-ray data collected from the core locations, specifically thorium, uranium, and potassium values, are used to compare and contrast geochemistry between the core. Simple graphical tests demonstrate that spectral gamma-ray derived geochemical data when weighed against laboratory analytical geochemical data are not compatible. Additionally, a series of “Harker” variation diagrams using concentrations of the most persistent oxides (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, and K2O) show that geochemistry does not significantly discriminate between “soil” (samples from identified paleosol intervals) and “non-soil” samples. Spectral gamma-ray logs are plentiful, but found to be ineffective in the virtual reality identification and correlation of paleosols.
A Comparative Study of Two Approaches in Teaching Reading
Authors:   , Coulter Estel
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two instructional approaches in the teaching of reading in the sixth grade. These approaches are (1) the diagnostic-basal reader approach, and (2) the basal reader approach. This study was conducted with ninety-seven sixth grade pupils from Winans School, one of the thirteen elementary schools in Hutchinson, Kansas. These pupils were divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group with forty-eight and forty-nine pupils respectively. Each group received a total of sixty minutes of reading instruction and had fifteen minutes of free reading of library books each day. By using a t to test for the significance of difference between the means of pre-test scores on the Henmon-Nelson Intelligence Test (Elementary) and the Metropolitan Reading Test, it was found that the experimental and control groups were comparable at the .05 level. The experimental group and the control group were divided into three subgroups, (1) these pupils with intelligence quotients above 120, (2) those pupils with intelligence quotients between 101-120, and (3) those pupils with intelligence quotients below 100. On the reading post-test there was a significance of difference at the .01 level favoring the experimental group on word knowledge, reading comprehension, and on total reading scores. No significance of difference was evident on the post-test scores at the .05 level for the experimental and control subgroups with intelligence quotients above 120. There was a significance of difference at the .01 level on word knowledge and on total reading scores for the experimental and control subgroups having intelligence quotients between 101-120. On reading comprehension there was a significance of difference at the .025 level. The experimental subgroup with intelligence quotients below 100 was favored at the .01 level of significance on word knowledge, reading comprehension, and on total reading scores. All of the experimental subgroups and two of the control subgroups achieved above 5.7, the standardized test norm, on word knowledge, reading comprehension, and on total reading scores. The low intelligence control subgroup scored below 6.7 in all three areas of reading. The increase in the mean total reading test scores show that all three of the experimental subgroups made higher gains than any of the control subgroups.
Identification, Referral, and Evaluation Process Leading to the Initial Diagnosis of the Educable Mentally Handicapped
Authors:   , Melear Michael
Published: February 2023

This study investigated referral and evaluation procedures in relation to the final diagnosis and placement of 176 children labeled mildly mentally retarded and described these children in terms of specific biographical and educational variables. Also, it examined reasons for referral of these children for evaluation, while surveying the prevalence of behavioral, emotional, social, linguistic, perceptual - motor, and other educational handicaps among them. In attending to the prevalence of certain characteristics and epidemiological trends associated with the mildly mentally handicapped population, descriptive statistics were used to report the results of this investigation in a meaningful form. Certain linguistic and socioeconomic differences were found to exist between Hispano and Anglo children prior to initial diagnosis and placement. While data indicated that the referral rationale differed among ethnic groups, it was found that different criteria for diagnosis based on psycho-educational evaluation was being used simultaneously by educational specialists.
Surficial Geology, Quartz Arenite Geometry, and Depositional Environment of the Dakota Formation (Cretaceous) in the Dorrance Nw 7.5' Quadrangle, Eastern Russell County, Kansas
Authors:   , Phlieger Timothy
Published: February 2023

In the Dorrance NW 7.5' Quadrangle of central Kansas the surficial extent, geometric shapes, and distributions of the quartz arenite bodies were analyzed in order to evaluate the depositional environment of the Dakota Formation. Analysis indicates that a NW-SE trending quartz arenite body is present within the study area and has an arcuate-linear geometry. This body is composed of an amalgamation of several smaller intertongued bodies. The Dakota exposures studied contain quartz arenites that are mineral logically mature with little organic matter present. The cross-beds are all low-angle cross-beds. The paleocurrent directions reveal a bimodal-oblique pattern. Some Thallasinoides burrows were present at one site. Thus the quartz arenite body represents deposition near a delta but not within a delta. Deposition occurred within a linearclastic shoreline (barrier islands?). Therefore the trend of these quartz arenite bodies is perpendicular to what might normally be expected.
The Federalizing Tendencies of Six Major Slavery Cases
Authors:   , Rowland Mary
Published: February 2023

The United States Supreme Court has been accused of rendering pro-Southern decisions in the period prior to the American Civil War. This accusation stems, in part, from the pro-Southern, pro-Democratic composition of the Court. These charges of partisanship, combined with the turbulence of social reform and the controversy of nullification, make the Supreme Court from 1841 to 1859 an extremely interesting one. From Groves v. Slaughter (1841) to Ableman v. Booth (1859), the tribunal heard six major slave cases. These include Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842), Jones v. VanZandt (1847), Strader v. Graham (1850), and Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857). Each of these cases was considered a pro-slavery “victory” by the Southerners at the time. In spite of the fact that they were regarded as pro-slavery decisions, each of these cases further strengthened the Federal government and each decision has strong nationalistic overtones.
Observations of the Eastern Woodrat, with Special Reference to Activity Periods and Movement
Authors:   , Wiley Robert
Published: February 2023

An automatic camera device, live-traps, and direct observations under red light were utilized in obtaining information on a woodrat population. Activity periods, movements, behavioral mannerisms, and ecological aspects were recorded. Woodrats were found to be most active from dusk to midnight with the largest percentage of activity occurring between the hours of 8:30 to 10:30. No significant difference in activity was noted between sexes. Activity is highest on nights of new and quarter moon phases and lowest on nights of full moon. Adults generally demonstrate dominance over juveniles and subadults. Woodrats normally restrict their foraging activities to within 171 feet of the nest. Movements are generally confined to areas with overhead vegetation or rock outcroppings. No homing behavior was observed. Bubo virginianus and Mustela frenata are thought to be the most devastating predators. The prime sources for food and shelter materials are provided by Rhus trilobata and R. glabra. These and other low growing species in combination with rock outcroppings provide optimum habitat. In prairie areas underground dens and rock crevices are the most abundant home sites. Low population densities are presumably due to marginal habitat.
A Study of Post Secondary Educational Pursuits for Mitchell County High School Graduates for 01/01/1961 and 01/01/1962
Authors:   , Severance Robert
Published: February 2023

Finding out the post secondary educational pursuits of the 1961 and 1962 Mitchell County high school graduates as well as their opinions concerning the nine areas of study of their high schools was the purpose of this study. A total of 265 graduates were considered in the sample with 203 opinionnaires being returned and considered useable. The data indicated Mitchell County to be an average county in most respects. The seven high schools in the study were considered typical of the high schools found in North Central and Northwest Kansas. These high schools included Beloit High School, Cawker City High School, Glen Elder High School, Hunter High School, St. John's (Beloit) High School, Simpson High School and St. Boniface (Tipton) High School. The general consensus of the educational authorities quoted in the review of selected literature was that education must prepare the individual for life as well as for making a living. They contended that a general educational mold for all students was not desirable--that fulfilling the needs of the individual was paramount in curriculum planning. The study revealed that a large number of the responding graduates, 132 (65.2%), continued their education following high school graduation. This included 88 (43.4%) who started to a four year college. However, only 80 (39.4%) of the original 132 completed their initial post secondary education program. After eight years only 59 respondents (29.1%) had completed at least a B.S. or B.A. degree in college. Of this number, 10 had achieved a M.S. or M.A. or higher degree. Three respondents had achieved the doctorate degree. The data indicated that parents were the chief influence in selecting the post secondary education pursuits of these responding 1961 and 1962 Mitchell County high school graduates. A majority of these graduates, 107 (52.7%), reported they had entered the field of employment for which they were originally educated. A large percent of these graduates (41.4%) were of the opinion that their high school education helped somewhat in preparing them for their trade or profession. Of particular note was the fact that 81.3% of the responding graduates were either satisfied or very satisfied with their present trade, profession or occupation. The data also pointed out that 37.5% of the respondents had held three or more full-time employment positions since graduating from high school. The outward migration of these students was evident by the fact that 65.5% of the responding students' present homes were over fifty miles from their home community high schools. Regarding the opinion of the 1961 and 1962 responding Mitchell County high school graduates concerning the nine areas of study as taught in their high schools, English Language Arts rated the highest, and was followed in order by Business Education, Physical Education and Health, Mathematics, Science, Practical Arts and Vocational Education, Fine Arts, Social Science and Foreign Language.
An Exploratory Study to Determine Whether Communication Apprehension Increases in Boys and Girls Between First and Eighth Grades
Authors:   , Baldwin Barbara
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine whether communication apprehension increased in students between first and eighth grades, looking specifically at any gender differences. Communication apprehension is the level of fear or anxiety a person associates with real or anticipated communication (McCroskey, 1977). People spend 75% of their time speaking and listening, yet Bruskin & Goldring’s 1993 poll finds public speaking to be America’s number one fear (as cited by Morreale, Osborn, & Pearson, 2001, June). Research shows communication apprehension can begin at an early age but there’s no consistency as to exactly what age and whether it is stable, increases, or decreases with age. There also has been very little research conducted on whether gender plays a role in communication apprehension. This study investigated communication apprehension in grades one through eight. The subjects for the study came from a Midwest school system where the elementary classes were an average size for the state. The Measure of Elementary Communication Apprehension (MECA) was administered to two classes of each grade level to determine what changes occurred in levels of communication apprehension between grade levels. Results of the MECA were also examined with regard to changes in communication apprehension between same grade boys and girls.
Small Mammal Populations of the Principal Agricultural Crops in North-Central Kansas
Authors:   , Welker Thomas
Published: February 2023

Seven habitats were sampled from March through October 1991. Five study sites (alfalfa, grain sorghum, winter wheat, corn, and soybean) represented the principal agricultural crop types of Kansas. The remaining two study sites, a fencerow bordered by smooth brome (Bromus inermis) and an upland pasture, comprised the non-cropland habitats. Each habitat was trapped at least once a month; however, sites in which perturbations occurred were sometimes sampled more often, depending upon the number of disruptions. Study sites were compared on the basis of species richness, species diversity, evenness, and similarity. Differences among seasons and in the crop rotation and/or vegetative condition at study sites also were examined to ascertain their effects on the relative density and species diversity of small mammal populations within and among sites. Effects of agricultural perturbations were tested to determine significance by comparing the relative densities of select small mammal species before and after each disturbance. Generally, agricultural perturbations showed no effect on small mammal abundances, although, harvest altered relative densities in a few instances. Ten species of small mammals were represented among the seven study sites. Of the ten, Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) was by far the most abundant, dominating all habitats. The deer mouse was a permanent resident at all sites, except the upland pasture site, which held no resident rodent species. During the study, small mammals were most common from late spring through the end of summer. P. maniculatus was most abundant during late spring and early fall, whereas Onychomys leucogaster (northern grasshopper mouse) reached its highest abundance in mid-summer through early fall Chaetodipus hispidus (hispid pocket mouse) was absent from all habitats until mid-summer and disappeared in early fall. The remaining rodent species were not present in high enough densities to make generalizations regarding trends in abundance. Habitat breadth values (BH) calculated for each small mammal species represented indicated that P. maniculatus, O. leucogaster, Reithrodontomys megalotis (western harvest mouse), and possibly C. hispidus, were habitat generalists. The winter wheat site exhibited the highest species diversity and species richness of all the study sites, whereas the upland pasture possessed the lowest values of these parameters. The corn and alfalfa sites were most similar, while the upland pasture versus the alfalfa and soybean sites were most dissimilar.
Creative and Inexpensive Printmaking Techniques for Use in High Schools and Small Colleges
Authors:   , Maxwell Derrill
Published: February 2023

The art of printmaking has, in recent years, enjoyed a rediscovery in the thinking of the art world. Artists are now turning to various media to produce fine quality prints in order to reach a greater public. Many new techniques and media are being tried and perfected and it is getting increasingly difficult for the collector and the layman to tell the difference between a fine print and other art media. This technical and aesthetic revolution has been taking place mainly among professional artists and at the university level. For some reason many small colleges and high schools have either ignored or been completely unaware of the artistic possibilities that can be found in printmaking.
The Way I See It Is
Authors:   , Dorr-Kitten Stephanie
Published: February 2023

A collection of paintings of faces.
Some Aspects of Pyrone Synthesis and Stability
Authors:   , Horinek Ronald
Published: February 2023

Two methods for the preparation of [gamma]-pyronocoumarins have been performed; the ring closure of an o- hydroxy- [beta] - ketoacetylcoumarln and the Kostanecki-Robinson reaction of an o-hydroxy-acetylcoumarln. The [beta] - ketoacetyl route was the desired route. The use of dimethylsulfoxide in the Claisen condensation and the Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement offered a convenient method for the cinnamoyl and [beta] - diketo derivative syntheses. The [alpha] -pyrone ring of the coumarin was found to be stable in the basic dimethylsulfoxide media which was used for the rearrangement and condensation. Under other mild, basic conditions, the [alpha] -pyrone ring exhibited the same stability. A brief study was made of the C- acetylation of phenols and hydroxycoumarins with acetic anhydride catalyzed by boron trifluoride.
Sociability of Animals as a Potential Influence on the Results of Social Facilitation Studies
Authors:   , Breault David
Published: February 2023

Social facilitation refers to the enhancement of an organism’s performance in the presence of other organisms of the same species and is considered one of the oldest experimental paradigms of social psychology. Since 1897, when the first recorded social facilitation studies were performed, an enormous amount of information on this phenomenon has been collected. The data that have been collected on social facilitation have characteristically revealed contradictory results. Many experimenters have investigated this phenomenon in an attempt to explain socially facilitated behavior and three main theories have fared well in this attempt. However, none of these theories have been totally satisfactory. The present investigation offers a new approach to dealing with the social facilitation phenomenon in that this research looks at the sociability of an organism as a possible variable in explaining social facilitation. Eighty-two animal studies from the literature were collected and placed in a table which shows information on each of these studies relevant to this research (i.e., author & date, subjects, sociability, task, social facilitation results). A point-biserial correlation was conducted between sociability of the animal in a particular study and the social facilitation results of that study in order to assess the relationship between these two variables. This analysis revealed no statistically significant results. However, in an attempt to explain this lack of correlation, the present research reveals some bias in the literature and offers suggestions as to correcting these biases. This work also provides a scale with which to classify animal species according to their sociability. Finally, a suggestion is made as to the importance of looking at social behavior from a biological standpoint.
Factors Affecting Daily Stress In Siblings Of Children With Special Needs
Authors:   , Blackwill Todd
Published: February 2023

For families who have a children with disabilities, a great amount of stress are put on not only the primary caregivers but all members of the family unit. This study examined what factors influence stress experienced by siblings of children with disabilities. These factors included severity of the children’s disabilities, gender of the siblings, how much help the siblings provide in the care of the children with disabilities, and the number of people in the families. The purpose was to raise awareness of the participants and pinpoint certain characteristics that affect how frequent and how intense stress is experienced by siblings of children with disabilities. The study also examined situations and characteristics that increased frequency and how much happiness the siblings of children with disabilities experienced because of uplifting experiences. The results indicated that as the participants took on more responsibilities in the care of their siblings with disabilities the less frequent they reported these hassles occurring. The siblings that provided more help in the care of the children with disabilities may no longer perceive these situations as hassles, therefore reporting they occur less often.
The Effects of a Dependent Group Contingency on Attentive and Disruptive Classroom Behaviors
Authors:   , Kitson Jennifer
Published: February 2023

The effect of a dependent group contingency procedure on the on-task and disruptive classroom behaviors of a child was examined in a fourth grade classroom of 23 students. Additional measures were taken on the subject's social status and self-control. Baseline data were gathered on the on-task and disruptive classroom behaviors exhibited by the subject. Disruptive behaviors included out-of-seat, talking-out, and noisemaking behaviors. Next, in the treatment condition, extra recess for all class members was contingent on a criterion level of on-task behavior of the subject. After a noncontingent reinforcement condition of class recess every day, the treatment condition of contingent extra recess was reinstated. Results indicated that the procedures were effective in increasing on-task behavior of the subject. While there was a concomitant decrease in disruptive behavior, variability in the data indicated that the effects may not have been stable. The data further indicated an increase in the subject's social status as rated by classroom students and an increase in self-control as rated by the class room teacher for the classroom in which the study was conducted. The classroom teacher for non- experimental class periods rated the subject as less self-controlled after intervention. It was concluded that generalization of the treatment did not occur across class periods. Possible explanations for the lack of generalization were discussed.
The Evolution of the American Life Insurance Industry
Authors:   , Juno Gene
Published: February 2023

Presented in this thesis is the historical development of the evolution of the life insurance industry. The study covers the history of insurance leading to the development of the life insurance industry. Important developments pertaining to the life insurance industry in America were cited. The organization and marketing structure of life insurance companies was treated. The social and economic status which life insurance companies play in our American economy received heavy treatment. It was found that most authorities in the industry feel the surge of growth experienced in the past years will continue. The impact of the recent growth has not been fully reflected in benefit payments. Life insurance companies will continue to be the largest source of funds available to business and will continue to be a major force in the effort to stabilize our economy.
Water Matters
Authors:   , Sherrill Laura
Published: February 2023

My current sculptural work is based on the movement of water and the human figure through space. While we need water, it isn’t dependent on us. Our bodies are seventy-five percent water, and our blood contains eighty-three percent water. There are endless variations and similarities of water and humans.
Literary Paradoxes in The Philosophical Fragments of Soren Aabye Kierkegaard
Authors:   , Johnson Bertina
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the writing Literary Paradoxes in the Philosophical Fragments of Soren Aabye Kierkegaard, is to exhibit the paradoxes used in the Philosophical Fragments as well as to indicate techniques of deception employed by Kierkegaard for the purpose of shocking the reader into contemplation. Philosophical Fragments was chosen to point out the use of paradoxes in Kierkegaard€™s authorship because it is indicative of the whole Kierkegaardian problem of what it means to become a Christian. Data was gathered by reading the primary writings of the author as well as commentaries on his life and work by his translators and biographers. Quotations from Kierkegaard's Point of View were used to establish instances in which Kierkegaard admitted of the technique of deception. It was assumed that, since he was capable of admitted deception, he was very likely to have used deception which was not admitted but indicated by the nature of his authorship and personal mode of existence. In order to exhibit the paradoxes in a manner, which would indicate to the reader the relationship of paradoxes, deception techniques used to attract attention, and the point of the authorship as a whole, Philosophical Fragments was summarized. Major paradoxes were quoted and apparent deceptions were pointed out as they appeared in context. A pattern was observed in the paradoxical relationships of three which Kierkegaard made use of in his discourse. The progression of the relationship pattern was indicated and found to be important in the exhibition of the paradoxes and in the relationship of Kierkegaard to his reader. In conclusion it was affirmed that Kierkegaard in approaching his reader used the method of shock by means other than those which he admitted being author to and that he was capable of deception as a deliberate technique. It was reiterated that the method of deceit was carried farther than his admission and remained for the reader to discover. Diagrams which exhibit the pattern of Kierkegaard€™s paradoxical relationships were shown for the purpose of clarifying the relationships for the reader. Paramount in the conclusion is Kierkegaard€™s assertion that the learner is not asked to understand the paradox but only to recognize it. As a final conclusion, Kierkegaard is named as the purveyor of truth in a paradoxical relationship involving his reader at the lower end of the scale, Christ at the top of the scale as superior, with Kierkegaard as the central figure in the relationship with the task of giving the contradictories a means of understanding.
The Significance of Realism in Sculpture
Authors:   , Knoll Omer
Published: February 2023

Photographs showing the process the artist went through to construct a realisitic sculpture.
Construct Validity of New Pi-R Facet Configurations
Authors:   , Paltoo Catherine
Published: February 2023

A logical analysis and review of the literature of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) resulted in 15 conceptually-derived configurations of NEO facets (Olson, 1997). The development of NEO PI-R configurations (higher-order combinations of facets) would enhance the interpretation of normal personality on this widely used test. The current study empirically tested the validity of these 15 configurations. Scores from the NEO PI-R Form S and two measures of the facet configurations, a Self-Rating Questionnaire (SRQ) and an Other-Rating Questionnaire (ORQ) were obtained from participants. The NEO PI-R configuration scores were correlated with the questionnaire ratings. Multiple regression techniques were used to determine the relationship between the NEO PI-R facet scores and the con figuration scores. Fourteen of the fifteen facet configurations were significantly associated with self-rating data. Seven of the fifteen facet configurations were significantly associated with other-rating data. The discrepancy between self- and other-rating results, revised and alternative facet configurations, and possible future research avenues were discussed.
The Relationship Between the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-Bit) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Iii (Wisc-Iii) with Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors:   , Jansen Christy
Published: February 2023

Intelligence has been of interest to psychologists for decades. There are many comprehensive measures of intelligence. However, the lengthy administration times of such tests often preclude their usefulness in many circumstances. There have been several attempts to develop brief measures of intelligence. One of the most recently developed measures is the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) (Kaufman & Kaufman, 1990). This test has proven to be a valid and effective screening measure for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) (Wechsler, 1974), when used with juvenile delinquents and students referred for academic difficulties. There have been no studies to date that examine the relationship between the KBIT and the WISC-III, the most recent revision of the Wechsler scales. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the K-BIT and the WISC-III when used with adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Data obtained from psychological evaluation records of adolescents admitted to Osawatomie State Hospital were analyzed. Comparisons were made between scores obtained by these adolescents on the K-BIT and on the WISC-III. These comparisons were carried out to determine if the K-BIT could be used, with adolescent psychiatric inpatients, to provide preliminary information regarding intellectual ability until the WISC-III could be administered. Pearson product-moment correlations showed strong significant relationships between the K-BIT and WISC-III the scores of the verbal, nonverbal and overall measures, suggesting that these two instruments measure similar constructs. However, three paired t-tests resulted in mean verbal, nonverbal, and overall scores on the K-BIT that were significantly higher than mean verbal, nonverbal, and overall scores on the WISCIII. This demonstrates that the K-BIT overestimates intellectual ability when the WISC-III is the follow-up or comprehensive measure of intelligence. Two single-sample t-tests showed that the adolescent psychiatric inpatients obtained mean overall scores that were significantly lower than the normal control subjects used in the standardization samples of these two instruments. The implications of these results, with respect to treatment, are discussed.
Occupational Sex-Role Stereotyping in the Elementary School
Authors:   , Smith Darlene
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate occupational sex-role stereotyping in 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students. The independent variables investigated were: gender, grade level, job status of the mother, family structure, formal education of the father, formal education of the mother, ethnic group, self-reported grades, and size of school. The dependent variable was Occupational Sex-Stereotyping scores. The sample consisted of 136 elementary students. Nine composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level. Each composite null hypothesis was tested employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 41 comparisons were made plus 21 recurring. Of the 41 comparisons 9 were for main effects and 32 were for interactions. Of the 9 main effects 1 was statistically significant at the .05 level. The statistically significant main effect was for ethnic group. The results indicated that students of other ethnic groups (Hispanic, African American, Native American, and Asian) had statistically greater occupational sex-role stereotyping than white students. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. students of other ethnic groups (Hispanic, African American, Native American, and Asian) occupational sex-role stereotype more than white students, 2. gender of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students is not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping, 3. grade level (4th, 5th, and 6th) IS not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping, 4. Job status of the mothers of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students is not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping, 5. family structure in which 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students live is not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping, 6. formal education of the fathers of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students is not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping, 7. formal education of the mothers of 4th. 5th, and 6th grade students is not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping, 8. self reported grades of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students is not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping , and 9. the size of school attended by 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students is not associated with occupational sex-role stereotyping.