bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESIGN FEATURES OF MODERN FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS
Authors: Anisimov Victor , Yelenych Anatoliy
Published: January 2023

Analysis of the state and trends in the development of agricultural machines and the technical means that serve them shows that there is a constant process of creating more productive and economical equipment. This is primarily ensured by increasing unit capacity, increasing working and transport speeds, reducing time losses for auxiliary operations, reducing maintenance costs to a minimum; ensuring minimal impact on soil and plants; increasing reliability and wear resistance, as well as an increase in versatility and the appearance of special tractors for specific work; expansion of production of wheeled tractors with four driving wheels, wider use of hydraulic systems, electronics, automation, new materials, creation of comfortable working conditions and ease of management; ensuring labor safety.
The main type of tractor in the most widespread range of capacities remains the wheeled one of the traditional layout scheme, the improvement of which is carried out taking into account the latest achievements of science and technology. There is a further update of articulated tractors with all driving wheels of the same size, with leading manufacturers experimenting with the installation of triangular track drives instead of wheels, which significantly increases their traction qualities.
Characteristic features of tractors of the new generation are their universality and block-modular structure. So, depending on the market, different engines from well-known companies and unified transmissions are installed on one model of European tractors. Therefore, in this market, there is a tendency for manufacturers to cooperate with the aim of further increasing versatility, reliability, and simplifying operation: increasing the interval for changing engine oil to 500 hours, transmission oil to 2,000 hours, hydraulic oil to 1,000 hours. Cooperation also contributes to the expansion of opportunities for competition in the markets of different countries.
The new generation of powerful wheeled tractors with a classic and system layout provides high efficiency mainly in technological operations with medium traction forces in combined, tillage and sowing units, which are equipped with implements with active working bodies, with front and rear GDP, as well as in transport operations.
DIESEL FUEL WAYS AND THEIR ELIMINATION METHODS
Authors: Burlaka Serhiy
Published: January 2023

The efficient operation of agricultural machinery depends on the purity of the oil products used in its operation. Purification of fuels and oils is mainly carried out by filtration through porous separators.
Currently, oil refineries (refineries) produce a thorough cleaning of the fuel. However, due to repeated resale and transportation, fuel contamination occurs. Due to poor flushing of the tank, other oil products and when filling the tank during precipitation, water and impurities can enter the fuel during its transportation. Water can enter the fuel tank in the form of condensation. Due to the long chain of transportation of petroleum products from refineries to consumers and non-compliance with transportation standards, customers receive low-quality fuel. Modern power systems for cars and tractors do not allow the presence of water and small impurities in the fuel. In this regard, in this paper, the problem of watered diesel fuel is considered. An assessment of the influence of such fuel on fuel equipment and engine operation is given. The data are given for the content of water in the fuel.
Consider the saturation of the market with filters that allow you to separate water and fine particles from fuel. The advantages and disadvantages of each existing filter and compared with the proposed membrane filter are considered. A technology has been introduced to separate water and fine impurities in diesel fuel by installing an additional fine filter in the tractor power system.
This article confirms the urgency of the problem of diesel fuel flooding. Data on the type of water contained in the fuel are given. An assessment of the effect of water in the fuel on fuel equipment and engine operation is given. The existing solutions to the problem of watering diesel fuel are presented and the effectiveness of the proposed filter is confirmed. A diagram of the proposed installation is presented, as well as plans for the modernization of the fuel cleaning.
Smaller Embeddings of Partial $k$-Star Decompositions
Authors: De Vas Gunasekara Ajani , Horsley Daniel
Published: January 2023

A $k$-star is a complete bipartite graph $K_{1,k}$. For a graph $G$, a $k$-star decomposition of $G$ is a set of $k$-stars in $G$ whose edge sets partition the edge set of $G$. If we weaken this condition to only demand that each edge of $G$ is in at most one $k$-star, then the resulting object is a partial $k$-star decomposition of $G$. An embedding of a partial $k$-star decomposition $\mathcal{A}$ of a graph $G$ is a partial $k$-star decomposition $\mathcal{B}$ of another graph $H$ such that $\mathcal{A} \subseteq \mathcal{B}$ and $G$ is a subgraph of $H$. This paper considers the problem of when a partial $k$-star decomposition of $K_n$ can be embedded in a $k$-star decomposition of $K_{n+s}$ for a given integer $s$. We improve a result of Noble and Richardson, itself an improvement of a result of Hoffman and Roberts, by showing that any partial $k$-star decomposition of $K_n$ can be embedded in a $k$-star decomposition of $K_{n+s}$ for some $s$ such that $s < \frac{9}{4}k$ when $k$ is odd and $s < (6-2\sqrt{2})k$ when $k$ is even. For general $k$, these constants cannot be improved. We also obtain stronger results subject to placing a lower bound on $n$.
Long Induced Paths in Minor-Closed Graph Classes and Beyond
Authors: Hilaire Claire , Raymond Jean-Florent
Published: January 2023

In this paper we show that every graph of pathwidth less than $k$ that has a path of order $n$ also has an induced path of order at least $\frac{1}{3} n^{1/k}$. This is an exponential improvement and a generalization of the polylogarithmic bounds obtained by Esperet, Lemoine and Maffray (2016) for interval graphs of bounded clique number. We complement this result with an upper-bound.This result is then used to prove the two following generalizations:

every graph of treewidth less than $k$ that has a path of order $n$ contains an induced path of order at least $\frac{1}{4} (\log n)^{1/k}$;

for every non-trivial graph class that is closed under topological minors there is a constant $d \in (0,1)$ such that every graph from this class that has a path of order $n$ contains an induced path of order at least $(\log n)^d$.

We also describe consequences of these results beyond graph classes that are closed under topological minors.
Spectral Extremal Graphs for Disjoint Cliques
Authors: Ni Zhenyu , Wang Jing , Kang Liying
Published: January 2023

Let $kK_{r+1}$ be the graph consisting of $k$ vertex-disjoint copies of the complete graph $K_{r+1}$. Moon [Canad. J. Math. 20 (1968) 95--102] and Simonovits [Theory of Graphs (Proc. colloq., Tihany, 1996)] independently showed that if $n$ is sufficiently large, then the join of a complete graph $K_{k-1}$ and an $r$-partite Turán graph $T_{n-k+1,r}$ is the unique extremal graph for $kK_{r+1}$. In this paper we consider the graph which has the maximum spectral radius among all graphs without $k$ disjoint cliques. We show that if $G$ attains the maximum spectral radius over all $n$-vertex $kK_{r+1}$-free graphs for sufficiently large $n$, then $G$ is isomorphic to the join of a complete graph $K_{k-1}$ and an $r$-partite Turán graph $T_{n-k+1,r}$.
Penerapan Prinsip Ekowisata di Situ Gede sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Unggulan Kota Bogor
Authors: Setiawan Aditya Sugih , Batubara Rima Pratiwi
Published: January 2023

Situ Gede merupakan salah satu kawasan wisata alam yang ada di kota Bogor. Keunggulan dari Kawasan Situ Gede yaitu disekitarnya terdapat hutan penelitian, darmaga. Situ Gede diharapkan dapat menjadi ruang publik yang dapat menjadi destinasi wisata terbaik bagi Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan penelusuran literatur. Adapun analisa data yang digunakan yaitu analisa data kualitatif berupa reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Prinsip berbasis alam dapat diterapkan dengan mengemas wisata edukasi. Prinsip ekologis berkelanjutan didekati dari optimalisasi fisik, sumber daya manusia, biaya dan manfaat. Prinsip edukatif lingkungan diterapkan kepada pengelola, masyarakat dan pengunjung. Prinsip berbasis masyarakat lokal, dilakukan dengan keterbukaan terhadap lowongan pekerjaan, pembuatan kebijakan dan pelatihan seni budaya. Prinsip berbasis ekowisata didekati dengan menyediakan program dan fasilitas pariwisata.
Penggunaan E-Tourism Sebagai Strategi Mempromosikan Pariwisata di Majalengka
Authors: Sitanggang Andri Sahata , Yusuf Dimas Septiana , Aridho Muhammad Ali , Wijaya Pramana Stivo , S R. Tristan Bimantara , Nurhidayat Yuda
Published: January 2023

Industri pariwisata kini dapat berkembang secara maksimal dikarenakan kemajuan teknologi dan kemudahan dalam mengakses informasi mengenai produk wisata. E-tourism membutuhkan fasilitas teknologi yang memadai dan secara bahasa luar (up-to-date), sebagai strategi digital marketing untuk meningkatkan daya Tarik wisatawan. Biro perjalanan dapat meraup keuntungan dari seluruh pengunjung yang ada di dunia dengan menggunakan teknologi yang sudah berkembang. Penelitian ini menjelaskan peran dari teknologi mengenai e-Tourism. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif yaitu dengan mengajukan pertanyaan melalui google form kepada masyarakat perihal Destinasi Pariwisata di Majalengka.  Manfaat penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan jumlah keuntungan dari tempat pariwisata yang dimaksud dan mempunyai tujuan mengintegrasikan teknologi dengan pariwisata yang akan memungkinkan dapat meraup keuntungan, dan lebih banyak penyediaan fasilitas–fasilitas berbagai produk sehingga dapat memuaskan wisatawan
Perencanaan Rekonstruksi Sebagai Strategi Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan
Authors: Rini Rosie Oktavia Puspita , Ilham Wahyudi , Putera Dimas Akmarul , Dermawan Aulia Agung
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan objek wisata Hutan Desa Kelembak yang terletak di Nongsa, Batam. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal, kemudian dinilai dan dianalisis, serta merumuskan strategi pengembangan dengan meminimalkan kelemahan dan ancaman, serta memaksimalkan pemanfaatan peluang dan kekuatan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner, dan wawancara lapangan dengan Kepala Desa. Analisis data menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil menunjukkan Desa Kelembak berada di Kuadran IV yaitu strategi bertahan dengan weakness sebesar -1,22 dan threat sebesar -0,19.
Perbandingan Penyelesaian Sengketa Informasi Publik di Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Indonesia dengan Korea Selatan
Authors: Juniar Afif , Erliyana Anna
Published: January 2023

Sengketa Informasi Publik merupakan sengketa yang terjadi antara Badan Publik dan Pengguna Informasi Publik berkaitan dengan hak memperoleh dan menggunakan informasi menurut ketentuan yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik, para pihak yang tidak puas terhadap Putusan Komisi Informasi dapat melakukan gugatan kepada Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN). Artikel ini membahas dua permasalahan utama, pertama bagaimanakah penyelesaian sengketa informasi publik di PTUN Indonesia dengan studi kasus Putusan PTUN Jakarta Nomor 3/G/KI/2016/TUN, Kedua, bagaimana model penyelesaian sengketa informasi publik di PTUN Korea Selatan? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum nomatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan komparasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PTUN Indonesia mempunyai kewenangan absolut dalam penyelesaian sengketa informasi publik apabila telah terlebih dahulu diputus melalui ajudikasi non litigasi oleh Komisi Informasi dan proses penyelesaian sengketa informasi publik di PTUN merupakan penyelesaian sederhana karena pemeriksaan hanya dilakukan terhadap Putusan Komisi Informasi Pusat, berkas perkara serta permohonan keberatan dan jawaban atau keberatan tertulis dari para pihak tanpa mediasi. Sedangkan di PTUN Korea Selatan pemohon infomasi dapat langsung mengajukan keberatan terhadap badan publik yang memutuskan untuk menolak menyampaikan informasi melalui banding administratif atau litigasi administratif.
PENGATURAN DAN PERAN PENGAWASAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN TERHADAP SCREENING SAHAM PASAR MODAL SYARIAH
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun
Published: January 2023

Sharia Capital Market (Pasar Modal Syariah) is a capital market that applies sharia principles in all aspects of its activities. It is regulated in OJK Regulation No.15 / POJK.04 / 2015 regarding the implementation of Sharia Principles in the Capital Market. Meanwhile, the regulatory and supervisory functions in the Capital Market are carried out by the OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan) as regulated in law No.21/2011 regarding Otoritas Jasa Keuangan  . This article aims to describe the dynamics occured in screening supervision mechanism of Sharia capital market share and how OJK plays its supervisory roles. This article is a library research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study reveals that the OJK has a role and authority in alss activities in Syaria Capital Market. Likewise the supervisory function in Capital Market institutions related to the stock screening process. However, OJK's supervisory role is only in activities related to transactions in the Capital Market and the screening process. It will work every six months or when there is incidental issuance of the Sharia Securities List. Furthermore, OJK is not responsible for the overall operational activities of the companies that are listed in the Sharia Securities List.

Pasar Modal Syariah merupakan pasar modal yang menerapkan prinsip-prinsip syariah dalam segala aspek kegiatannya. Sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan OJK No.15/POJK.04/2015 tentang Penerapan Prinsip Syariah di Pasar Modal. Sementara  fungsi pengaturan dan pengawasan di Pasar Modal dilakukan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 21 tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan  dinamika yang terjadi  pada mekanisme pengawasan screening saham Pasar Modal Syariah dan sejauh mana pengaturan serta peran OJK menjalankan fungsi pengawasan di dalamnya. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian Kepustakaan (library  research) dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa OJK memiliki peran dan wewenang terhadap aktivitas di Pasar Modal Syariah. Begitupula fungsi pengawasan di lembaga Pasar Modal terkait proses screening saham. Namun demikian, peran pengawasan OJK hanya pada aktivitas yang berhubungan dengan transaksi di Pasar Modal dan proses screening. Yakni setiap enam bulan sekali atau ketika dilakukan penerbitan Daftar Efek Syariah secara insidentil. Selanjutnya, OJK tidak bertanggung jawab atas keseluruhan kegiatan operasional dari perusahan yang masuk dalam Daftar Efek Syariah tersebut.
QUO VADIS PENYELESAIAN PERKARA KEPAILITAN DAN PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG (PKPU) PADA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH
Authors: Novanilia Alvita , Syarief Elza
Published: January 2023

Secara normatif, berdasarkan putusan MK No 93/PUU/X/2012 penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah menjadi kompetensi absolut Pengadilan Agama, namun dalam tataran empiris masih ditemukan adanya sengketa ekonomi syariah lain yang masih diputus oleh Pengadilan Niaga (umum) yaitu perkara kepailitan dan PKPU berdasarkan akad syariah. Tulisan ini difokuskan pada tiga hal, pertama, apa penyebab perkara tersebut masih menjadi kewenangan Pengadilan Niaga, kedua, apa akibat hukum jika perkara tersebut diselesaikan melalui Pengadilan Niaga dan bagaimana argumentasi hukum tentang kompetensi Pengadilan Agama dalam perkara kepailitan dan PKPU berdasarkan akad syariah. Metode penelitian ini bersifat normative law dengan mengkaji sekumpulan bahan hukum yang berhubungan dengan kepailitan dan PKPU. Adapun analisis yang digunakan adalah sinkronisasi terhadap norma UU No 37 tahun 2008 dan PERMA No 2 tahun 2008. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan penyebab bahwa perkara tersebut masih ditangani Pengadilan Niaga karena adanya konflik norma antara UU Kepailitan dengan PERMA tentang KHES yang masih belum selesai pengaturannya, adanya kondisi kekosongan hukum tentang kepailitan berdasarkan akad syariah dan eksistensi surat KMA No 32/SK/IV/2006 tentang instruksi pelaksanaan buku II. Akibat hukum jika perkara tersebut ditangani oleh Pengadilan Niaga akan terjadi pemaksaan terhadap substansi hukum ekonomi syariah menjadi hukum ekonomi konvensional, tidak sinkronnya antara penyelesaian sengketa dengan akad dan konsep penyelesaian perkara lebih mengutamakan prinsip bisnis dan kelangsungan usaha dari pada keadilan substantif. Berdasarkan teori kewenangan dan asas lex specialist ditemukan kesimpulan bahwa perkara kepailitan dan PKPU berdasarkan akad syariah mutlak menjadi kompetensi absolut Pengadilan Agama
KEBIJAKAN GUBERNUR KEPULAUAN RIAU MENGENAI TAKSI BERBASIS APLIKASI (ONLINE)
Authors: Harefa Chana Oktavia , Situmeang Ampuan
Published: January 2023

Pelayanan publik merupakan suatu fungsi aparatur negara sebagai perwujudan dalam rangka mensejahterakan masyarakat.Transportasi merupakan suatu kebutuhan mendasar bagi masyarakat perkotaan serta mampu mempengaruhi segala aspek di kehidupan, sehingga transportasi berpengaruh terhadap aksesibilitas masyarakat.Transportasi di Indonesia mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat selain kendaraan pribadi, masyarakat juga membutuhkan transportasi umum atau transportasi publik yang kemudian pada saat ini selain melalui metode konvensional juga diselenggarakan secara online. Sehingga kemudian dilakukan pengkajian mendalam pada beberapa point pembahasan berikut : 1) Bagaimana efektivitas kebijakan Gubernur Kepulauan Riau mengenai taksi berbasis aplikasi (online) di Kota Batam ?; 2) Apa saja kendala pada pelaksanaan Kebijakan Gubernur Kepulauan Riau mengenai taksi online?; dan 3)Bagaimana solusi untuk kebijakan Gubernur Kepulauan Riau mengenai taksi online?
PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI KREATIF DI DAERAH OTONOMI BATAM
Authors: Panjaitan Titi Delima , Hutauruk Rufinus Hotmaulana
Published: January 2023

Otonomi Fungsional (Functional Autonomy) adalah otonomi dilihat dari perspektif fungsi budgeting (daerah mencari duit), dilihat dari sektor ekonomi, pariwisata, lautan, perhubungan, pendidikan, perikanan, insfrastruktur, perlu diperkuat adanya dengan institusional, sehingga tugas pokok dan fungsi daerah menjadi kuat. Salah satu potensi Batam adalah pengembangan industri kreatif sehingga kemudian dengan menggunakan metode normatif dilakukan pengkajian terhadap bagaimana pengembangan dan hambatan yang ditemui dalam ekonomi kreatif di daerah otonomi Batam serta solusi hukum yang dapat ditawarkan
PERANAN OTONOMI DAERAH TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI MELALUI PENGELOLAN KEUANGAN DAERAH
Authors: Nababan Jefri Harianto , Shahrullah Rina S.
Published: January 2023

Kajian ini membahas tentang pengelolaan keuangan di era otonomi daerah.

Pembangunan merupakan upaya perbaikan menuju kehidupan yang lebih baik, melalui memaksimalkan potensi negara. Sistem pembangunan Indonesia pada mulanya menerapkan sistem yang berpusat pada pemerintah pusat, namun karena tidak mampu menyebarkan perekonomian negara secara merata, maka pemerintah menerapkan Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah yang kemudian menjadi Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004. Perda ini menjelaskan penggunaan prinsip otonomi daerah dimana pemerintah daerah memiliki kewenangan untuk mengurus dan mengatur segala urusan pemerintahan daerah dengan prinsip otonomi yang nyata, transparan, dan akuntabel. Menurut peraturan ini, kepala pemerintah daerah harus membuat laporan anggaran keuangan, nota perhitungan, laporan arus kas, dan neraca yang sebelumnya hanya berupa laporan anggaran dan nota perhitungan anggaran. Dengan pengelolaan keuangan yang baik, diharapkan dapat menjamin tercapainya tujuan pembangunan.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CHEMICAL CASTRATION PUNISHMENT FOR SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN PERPETRATOR
Authors: Sujono Imam
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research is to perform a legal evaluation of the implementation of Government Regulation No. 70 of 2020 on chemical castration punishment for offenders of sexual assault against children. The normative juridical technique was employed in the creation of this publication, which is a study centered on evaluating the rules or norms found in positive law. According to the research findings, the implementation of this regulation is intended to provide justice for victims, suppress the growth rate of cases, and provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators; these reasons are associated with criminal law theories such as retributive theory, deterrence theory, rehabilitation theory, and resocialization theory. Human Rights Law considers this penalty to be a breach of human rights, as outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Human Rights Law No. 39 of 1999. Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Poland, the US state of California, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, South Korea, Israel, Estonia, and Moldova are some of the countries that have implemented this penalty. Countries that have implemented this penalty have two basic goals: first, to apply this punishment as a national punishment, and second, to apply this punishment voluntarily from the perpetrator.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CEDAW PRINCIPLES ON REDUCING GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Sitamala Afandi , C Ferina Ardhi , C Ahmad Lanang
Published: January 2023

This study aims to identify the principles of CEDAW and analyze them to determine the effectiveness of these principles in reducing gender-based violence during the outbreak. The study was carried out using normative legal research methods that included a conceptual and statutory approach. A literature research will be used to acquire legal materials, and the legal materials will be assessed using CEDAW principles. The study's findings reveal that there are three foundational principles of the CEDAW these are non-discrimination, substantive equality, and state obligation. The principles are effective on plummeting gender-based violence in pandemic outbreak. The full application of the CEDAW principles remains a significant challenge.
SOCIOLOGY OF LAW PERSPECTIVES IN REVIEWING THE EFFECTIVE SOCIAL CONTROL FOR SOCIAL MEDIAS
Authors: Mardiani Juni Netti , Nurlaily Nurlaily
Published: January 2023

Law as a means of social control is a process of influencing everyone to behave in accordance with society's expectations of the parties and/or victims who will take steps to become a priority part for restorative justice, except for cases that are and have the potential to be divisive. Therefore, communication ethics in social media must not use harsh, provocative, pornographic, or discriminative words and not to post articles or sites that refer to lies. The use of communication media facilities has now grown so rapidly along with advances in communication technology, where we are faced with many choices to be able to convey/access information both through conventional media such as print media and electronic media and the most developed is social media. This research will use the normative legal method with qualitative analysis. The purpose of this research will relate the sociology of law in the use of social media, the most often used by people is social networking, because this site allows people to create personal web pages that can be directly connected with friends to share information and communication. There needs to be controlled to regulate the use of social media as a means of communication so that unwanted things do not occur.
THE ROLES OF THE OFFICE OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS RELATING TO THE DISPENSATION FOR THE MARRIAGE OF UNDERAGE CHILDREN (CASE STUDY AMPAR DISTRICT, BATAM CITY)
Authors: Rudiansyah Rudiansyah , Situmeang Ampuan , Priyo Amboro Fl Yudhi
Published: January 2023

Marriage of children who are still underage is often a problem because there are many conflicting factors occuring, namely age and health in child protection. Therefore, a rule is formed that regulates the age limit in marriage, but in practice there are still children who marry underage because they have received permission from the Religious Courts, namely the provision of marriage dispensation. In order to analyze this problem, this research uses the Theory of Authority by Miriam Budiardjo and the theory of Development Law by Mochtar Kusumaatmadja to analyze the obstacles faced by the Batam City Government in preventing the underage marriages in Batam City, especially in Batu Ampar District and to analyze solutions that can be taken to overcome the underage marriage in Batam City, especially in Batu Ampar District. The research found that the implementation of underage marriages in Batam City, especially in Batu Ampar District is carried out based on the limits of the authority of the Head of Religious Affairs Office and the existence of permission from the Religious Courts, namely the granting of marriage dispensation.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR APARTMENT CONSUMERS RELATING TO THE FACILITIES PROMISED BY DEVELOPERS (CASE STUDY IN BATAM CITY)
Authors: Syarief Elza , Sudirman Lu , Pin Yan
Published: January 2023

People tend to stay closely to the centers of their activities and work activities. Various facilities that are desired by people are also the main objectives in choosing representable housing, including apartments that have various amenities. The high demand for apartments in Batam City has caused developers to compete in building apartments. Unfortunatey, they only focus on business, as the results the promised facilities are sometimes not suitable with the information, they offer to consumers. The issue of the lack of clarity regarding the promised facilities raise legal issues pertaining to the protection of consumers. Legal protection for consumers pursuant to the promised facilities creates new problems in the future. Construction agreements relating to the facilities have been violated by the developers, although they state that they will continue to provide compensation in the form of other amenities. Coordinations according to the mandate of the law and the revision of legal protection against consumers is an alternative offered in this research.
HANDLING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA AND INDIA: A CRITICAL FLASHBACK IN 2020
Authors: Phymma Marfin Timu Apy , Shahrullah Rina Shahriyani , Sudirman Lu
Published: January 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic is one of the most common pandemics in contemporary history. The preparedness of a country is also determined by how well it is able to reduce the rate of spread, the fatality rate, the ability to handle infected patients, as well as from the capacity to mobilize and manage resources appropriately to deal with crises and their impacts. This study attempts to compare the approaches of Indonesia and India in handling the Corona Virus Diseases (Covid-19) pandemic in 2020. This study adopts a qualitative research approach by using secondary data which are collected from the printed and electronic media related to Covid-19 in Indonesia and India. It was found that India implemented a total lockdown until September 2020 because the number of positive cases of COVID-19 in India reached more than 4.7 million with a death toll of more than 78 thousand people. Meanwhile, Indonesia did not implement a total lockdown. It adopted the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR). Although it succeeded in temporarily suppressing the spread of Covid, the LSSR was considered not effective enough. Similar challenges were faced by India which chose to lock down the country. Despite being able to temporarily suppress the rate of Covid-19, the sudden implementation of a regional quarantine and minimal preparation created a humanitarian crisis.
Gendered Sharing of Decision-making Powers, Responsibilities and Rights over Non-Timber Forest Resources in Cherangany Hills Forest, Kenya
Authors: Juma Edwin A. B. , Omondi Paul , Kareri Raphael W.
Published: January 2023

Building on the Theory of Feminist Political Ecology (FPE), this paper examines the gendered sharing of intra-household decision-making powers, responsibilities, and rights over the exploitation of non-timber forest resources within Cherangany Hills Forest, Kenya. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted, semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 280 Community Forest Association (CFA) members (140 male and 140 female) that were randomly sampled, and in-depth interviews were conducted among 35 key respondents (20 CFA members, 7 CFA leaders, 2 village elders, 2 assistant chiefs, 2 forest guards, and 2 forest officers) that were purposively sampled. Quantitative data was analysed in the form of mean and standard deviation and presented in the form of percentages and graphs. This paper highlights that husbands and wives shared the decision-making powers over the use of forest land for crop farming to a ‘Great Extent’. There was substantial gendered sharing of intra-household decision-making over the use of forest land for livestock feeding. However, there was minimal gendered sharing of intra-household decision-making with regard to the collection of firewood, herbal plants, indigenous vegetables, and fruits from the forest as well as beekeeping within the forest. The husbands and wives shared the responsibilities and rights over crop farming to a ‘Great Extent’. There was substantial gendered sharing of responsibilities and rights over the collection of fodder and grazing of livestock and collection of herbal plants from the forest. But there was minimal gendered sharing of responsibilities and rights over the collection of firewood, beekeeping and honey harvesting, collection of wild vegetables and picking of indigenous fruits from the forest. There is a need to enlighten, encourage and support both men and women living adjacent to forested areas to understand forest rights, embrace on-farm forestry, and use forest resources sustainably
The Forms and Causes of Domestic Violence as Depicted in The Burdens and Black Mamba by John Ruganda
Authors: Turyahebwa Joan
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the forms and causes of domestic violence in John Ruganda’s The Burdens (1972) and Black Mamba (1973). It is set to bring out how domestic violence affects characters in the plays and as well as people in society since it is a prevalent act in the universe. This paper establishes that domestic violence occurs in many forms, including physical aggression or assault (hitting, kicking, biting, shoving, restraining, kidnapping, unlawful imprisonment, trespassing, harassment) or threats thereof; sexual abuse, emotional abuse, controlling or domineering, intimidation, stalking, passive covert abuse (neglect), and economic deprivation. John Ruganda’s The Burdens expresses most forms of violence but physical assault stands out. The second issue is to establish the causes of domestic violence as explored in the two plays by John Ruganda. This paper has discovered that the bit of culture that accentuates domestic violence is inheritance. Black Mamba has a twist as far as the economic factors play a role in the cause of domestic violence. Economic factors are found to play a significant role in the causes of domestic violence. These factors include women’s economic dependence on men, limited access to cash and credit, discriminatory laws regarding inheritance, property rights, use of communal lands and maintenance after divorce or widowhood, limited access to employment in formal and informal sectors, and limited access to education and training for women. The legal causes include lesser legal status of women either by written law or by practice, inheritance, the legal definition of rape and domestic abuse, low level of legal literacy among women, and insensitive treatment of women and girls.
Socio-Economic Dynamics of Slum Growth in Core Areas of Cities In Developing Nations – The Ado-Ekiti Example
Authors: Olamiju Oluwadare Isaac
Published: January 2023

Globalization and urbanization have been identified as having inherent capacity for the disarticulation and dislocation of a nation’s socio-economic structure. This paper identified the socio-economic forces responsible for slum development in the core of Ado-Ekiti. The core area was delineated using the acquired google image which was processed using ArcView GIS software; Twelve Data Delineation Areas (DDAs) were identified, having: 2,930 buildings and 14,650 households. A 2.5% of households (368) was adopted as sample size. The landlord or the most senior household head was interviewed using a structured socio-economic questionnaire. The photograph of scenes of interest were taken to supplement information from the questionnaire. The DDAs formed the basis for questionnaire administration. Empirical analysis shows that there is poverty in the study area due to underemployment and low income. Government intervention through a holistic urban renewal and creation of enabling environment for job opportunities were proffered for a sustainable city core development in Nigeria and cities of developing nations of the world with similar characteristics.
Implementasi Standar Pengelolaan Pendidikan
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim , Nia Anggraini Ovi , Marlina Leny , Supadi Supadi
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Implementasi Standar Pengelolaan Pendidikan di SMA Ngeri 1 Pangkalan Lampam Kabupaten Oki. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan meneliti langsung ke lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara langsung dengan Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah, Serta Guru. Teknik analisi data dalam penelitian ini mengunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bawha Perencanaan program pendidikan di SMA Negeri 1 Pangkalan Lampam sudah dilakukan dengan mengacu kepada stadnar pengelolaan pendidikan progam pembinaan lebih terarah kepada pembinaan terhadap aturan dan disiplin. Namun belum sesuai dengan standar pengelolaan pendidikan, karena masih belum melaksanakan kegiatan pengawasan secara terstruktur. Pelaksanaan program kerja ini mengacu pada RKS, bentuk rencana kerja yang sudah di realisasikan sudah ada di SMA Negeri 1 Pangkalan Lampam di antara nya berkaitan dengan standar pengelolaan pendidikan
Comparative Study of Outcome of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and Temporalis Fascia in Myringoplasty
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Abdeltawab  , Amir Edward Naguib  , Ashraf Khaled  , Rehab Muhammad Abd ElKareem  , Ramez Reda
Published: January 2023

Aim: this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a PRP hourglass graft compared with the conventional methodemploying a temporalis fascia underlay graft in treating tympanic membrane perforation.Materials and methods: this randomized controlled trial randomized was conducted in the period fromOctober 2018 to December 2020 on forty patients with chronic otitis media safe dry mucosal disease presented todepartment of otorhinolaryngology, Beni Suef University. They were randomly assigned into two groups (the firstgroup underwent myringoplasty using autologous PRP graft and the 2nd group underwent myringoplasty usingautologous temporalis fascia graft only (20 in each)).Results: Though all post-operative A-B gaps at 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz seemed to be to be lower with temporalisfascia graft, yet not significant. However, the average A-B gap was statistically higher in PRP group than temporalisfascia, P-value = 0.035. Myringoplasty with temporalis fascia graft showed significant reduction in A-B gaps at500, 1000 and 2000 Hz. While PRP showed no significant improvement was shown at low frequencies (500 Hz),with significant improvement at higher frequencies (1000 & 2000 Hz). Both methods showed an improvement inaverage A-B gaps, P-value =0.001 in temporalis fascia group and 0.034 in PRP group. Post-operative full healingafter 3 months, complications, graft lateralization, and displacement into the middle didn’t differ significantly inboth groups.Conclusion: After a successful myringoplasty treatment, patients with PRP grafts had comparable hearing resultsto those with fascial grafts, as shown by significant reductions in the mean air-bone gap from pre-operative topost-operative.
Comparative Study between Piezosurgery and Conventional Surgical Method in the Treatment of Otosclerosis
Authors: Ramez Sabry Fahim  , Mohamed Sherif Ahmed Abd Elmonem  , Ashraf Mahmoud Khaled  , Ahmed Helmy Eid  , Rabie Sayed Youssef
Published: January 2023

Aim: This work aimed to compare Piezosurgery stapedotomy with the conventional approach in the managementof otosclerosis in terms of intraoperative time, postoperative complications, and air-bone gap improvement.Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in Beni-Suef University hospital from August2021 to June 2022 according to the ethical considerations of the local institutional review board. It included 40patients suffering from hearing loss due to otosclerosis, diagnosed based on clinical features, audiometry andimpedancemetry. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: group P underwent stapedotomy by thePiezosurgery medical device, and group C underwent stapedotomy by the conventional method.Results: Both groups were matched regarding their baseline characteristics. The air bone gap (ABG) postoperativelyreached a mean of 7.7±6.7 dB (median=6) in group P and 7.6±6.8 (median=7) dB in group C, with no significantdifference. The percentage of reduction of A-B gap was 76.21%±17.6% in group P (Piezosurgery), while group C(conventional) was 75.8% ±18.7%, with no significant difference. The operative time in group P was (35.5± 4.5)minutes vs (29.7 ±3.2) minutes in group C, with a significant difference. Regarding the complication, there was nosignificant difference between Piezosurgery and conventional surgery regarding intraoperative and postoperativecomplications (P-value > 0.05).Conclusion: This work concluded no difference between conventional techniques and Piezosurgery in (ABG)reduction postoperatively, intraoperative, and postoperative complications, only surgical time was longer inPiezosurgery group and was statistically significant.
Qualitätssicherung als Energieeffizienzmaßnahme
Authors: Besser Olaf
Published: January 2023

Neben der Umstellung auf regenerative Energieerzeugung ist die Umsetzung von Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen eine bedeutende Stellschraube im Energiewendeprozess. Seinen neu installierten Prüfstand zur Testung anspruchsvoller Energiesysteme nutzt der Energie- und Anlagenspezialist Yados GmbH daher gezielt zur Steigerung der betriebsinternen Energieeffizienz.
Nachhaltiger Ladestrom im Bürogebäude
Authors: Balensiefen David
Published: January 2023

Ein Pilotprojekt am Firmensitz der Maingau Energie kombiniert ein smartes dynamisches Lademanagement von gridX mit einer lokalen Photovoltaik (PV)-Anlage. Das Vorhaben zeigt exemplarisch wie smartes Energiemanagement Laden günstiger und klimafreundlicher macht.
Energieflüsse in Echtzeit optimieren
Authors: Nikolic Drazen
Published: January 2023

Die Energiewende braucht ein flächendeckendes Energiemanagement, das die erneuerbaren Energien intelligent steuert und effizient nutzt. Die Künstliche Intelligenz der Dinge (Artificial Intelligence of Things, kurz AIoT), macht die Vernetzung von Erzeugern und Verbrauchern möglich, angefangen bei der E-Mobilität bis hin zu ganzen Quartieren.
Parken, einstöpseln, laden, fertig
Authors: Scholz Marcus
Published: January 2023

Seit die Roadmap zur Implementierung des Standards ISO 15118-2 und des Protokolls OCPP 2.0.1 abgeschlossen ist und die ersten Ladesäulenhersteller kompatible Produkte auf den Markt bringen, rückt der „Plug&Charge“-Alltag in greifbare Nähe. Der neue State-of-the-Art-Kommunikationsstandard macht dem Attribut „bequem“ alle Ehre und gewährt Nutzerinnen und Nutzern sowie Betreibern ein sehr entspanntes und gleichzeitig hocheffizientes Ladeszenario.
Klima-(Split) geräte als schnelle Alternative
Authors: Volkmer Stephan , Floß Alexander
Published: January 2023

Die aktuellen Energiepreise in Verbindung mit dem schnell fortschreitenden Klimawandel fordern drastische Änderungen bei der Beheizung unserer Gebäude. Doch so schnell, wie es erforderlich wäre, lassen sich die notwendigen Maßnahmen meist gar nicht umsetzen. Eine sehr einfache und schnell umzusetzende Alternative etwa zum Holzofen sind dezentrale Luft-Luft-Wärmepumpen, sogenannte Klima-(Split) geräte.
Wirksamer Brandschutz für Batteriespeichersysteme
Authors: Metzler Markus , Langstrof Alexandra
Published: January 2023

Lithium-Ionen-Batterien werden im Zuge der Energiewende immer interessanter, weil sie unter anderem eine unabhängige Stromversorgung sowie eine Stabilisierung des Stromnetzes ermöglichen. Sie können elektrische Energie speichern und für die spätere Nutzung zur Verfügung stellen. Um größere Leistungs- und Energiedichten zu erhalten, ist deren stetige Verbesserung Ziel der aktuellen Forschung. Aus brandschutztechnischer Sicht stellen diese Systeme komplexe Anforderungen dar, die in Realbrandversuchen untersucht wurden. Diese lieferten wertvolle Erkenntnisse, um eine wirksame Brandbekämpfungsanlage zu entwickeln.
Effiziente Brandschutzsysteme senken Risiken auf Baustellen
Authors: Wrba Markus
Published: January 2023

Je größer das Bauprojekt, desto umfangreicher die Risiken im Hinblick auf Kosten, Zeitplanung und Arbeitssicherheit. Die Lösung für diese Herausforderungen liegt in einem effizienten Bau- und Montagemanagement. Für Rohrverbindungssysteme bietet die installationsfertige Nut-Technologie hierbei mehr Geschwindigkeit, Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheit. Die Methode senkt sogar die Folgen des Fachkräftemangels und reduziert Arbeitsrisiken auf der Baustelle.
Zeitenwende bei Schutz und Sicherheit
Authors: Sigesmund Michael
Published: January 2023

Der Krieg in der Ukraine, damit verbunden Probleme wie Energiepreisentwicklung, Lieferengpässe, Inflation, Cyberangriffe, Sabotage auf die Infrastruktur; aber auch der Klimawandel mit extremen Wetterlagen und globale Katastrophen wie die Corona-Pandemie und Hungersnöte setzen völlig neue oder längst vergessene Sicherheitsprioritäten.
Persönliche Verantwortung für technische Sicherheit – Teil 4
Authors: Wilrich Thomas
Published: January 2023

In Teil 4 der Serie über Rechtsgrundsätze zur persönlichen Verantwortung von Ingenieuren und Führungskräften für technische Sicherheit geht es um die Verantwortungsrichtungen – zukunftsgerichtet als Entscheidungsverantwortung und vergangenheitsorientiert als Haftungsverantwortung.
Visual boundaries in sign motion: processing with and without lip-reading cues
Authors: Krebs Julia , Malaia Evie A. , Wilbur Ronnie B. , Roehm Dietmar
Published: January 2023

Sign languages demonstrate a higher degree of iconicity than spoken languages. Studies on a number of unrelated sign languages show that the event structure of verb signs is reflected in the phonological form of the signs (Wilbur (2008), Malaia & Wilbur (2012), Krebs et al. (2021)). Previous research showed that hearing non-signers (with no prior exposure to sign language) can use the iconicity inherent in the visual dynamics of a verb sign to correctly identify its event structure (telic vs. atelic). In two EEG experiments, hearing non-signers were presented with telic and atelic verb signs unfamiliar to them, which they had to classify in a two-choice lexical decision task in their native language. The first experiment assessed the timeline of neural processing mechanisms in non-signers processing telic/atelic signs without access to lip-reading cues in their native language, to understand the pathways for incorporation of physical perceptual motion features into linguistic processing. The second experiment further probed the impact of visual information provided by lip-reading (speech decoding based on visual information from the face of the speaker, most importantly, the lips) on the processing of telic/atelic signs in non-signers.
The investigation of quantity implicatures during typical development: a systematic review
Authors: Porrini Anna Teresa , Surian Luca
Published: January 2023

The present work is a systematic review on the acquisition of quantity implicatures in typically developing children. The references were selected through the PRISMA method. The criteria for eligibility were that the articles should be peer-reviewed, published articles written in English, containing empirical data on the comprehension of quantity implicatures in first language acquisition during typical development. The aim of this review is three-fold. First, to provide a picture of what empirical data tells us about the acquisition of quantity implicatures, based on both lexical and ad-hoc scales, potentially contributing to theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. Second, to analyze the methodologies that have been used to test children and their adequacy. And lastly to evaluate whether or not systematic review is an accurate analysis method for this type of varied and often complicated data. The results suggest that children improve in implicature derivation with age, especially with lexical scales, and that action-based tasks not based on meta-linguistic evaluations might be better suited to test these inferences, especially as opposed to Truth Value Judgment tasks. The fact that the systematic analysis confirms previously individuated trends in the acquisition of implicatures confirms that this is in fact a useful methodology to analyze the data, even with its limitations.
When Transformer models are more compositional than humans: The case of the depth charge illusion
Authors: Paape Dario
Published: January 2023

State-of-the-art Transformer-based language models like GPT-3 are very good at generating syntactically well-formed and semantically plausible text. However, it is unclear to what extent these models encode the compositional rules of human language and to what extent their impressive performance is due to the use of relatively shallow heuristics, which have also been argued to be a factor in human language processing. One example is the so-called depth charge illusion, which occurs when a semantically complex, incongruous sentence like No head injury is too trivial to be ignored is assigned a plausible but not compositionally licensed meaning (Don't ignore head injuries, even if they appear to be trivial). I present an experiment that investigated how depth charge sentences are processed by Transformer models, which are free of many human performance bottlenecks. The results are mixed: Transformers do show evidence of non-compositionality in depth charge contexts, but also appear to be more compositional than humans in some respects.
Tracking the activation of scalar alternatives with semantic priming
Authors: Ronai Eszter , Xiang Ming
Published: January 2023

From an utterance of Mary ate some of the deep dish, hearers frequently infer that Mary didn’t eat all of the deep dish. Similarly, an utterance of The movie is good might lead hearers to conclude that the movie isn’t excellent. These inferences are instances of scalar implicature (SI). The standard assumption is that SI arises via hearers’ reasoning about alternative utterances that the speaker could have said, but did not. In particular, hearers are taken to consider stronger alternatives such as all (or Mary ate all of the deep dish) and excellent (or The movie is excellent) and derive their negation. In this study, we investigate the psycholinguistic reflexes of this inferential process. We use semantic priming with lexical decision to test whether lexical alternatives such as all and excellent are retrieved and activated in the processing of SI-triggering sentences. The results of our experiments indeed suggest that alternatives play a role in the processing of SI, though a number of empirical puzzles remain.