bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿CUÁL ES EL MECANISMO QUE PERMITE AL SARS-CoV-2 ENTRAR A LAS CÉLULAS HUMANAS?
Authors: Lesher Gordillo Julia María , Arellano Sosa María , Hernández Marín Aminta , Montejo Méndez Heidi Beatriz , Valdés Marín Alejandra , Zapata de la Cruz Melina , Recino Reyes Elsi Beatriz
Published: January 2021

El SARS-CoV-2, un nuevo virus perteneciente a la familia Coronaviridae, es el causante de un nuevo tipo de neumonía (COVID-19) la cual se detectó por primera vez en diciembre de 2019 en la ciudad de Wuhan, Hubei. Gran parte de las personas infectadas en un inicio con este virus fueron trabajadores y consumidores del mercado de animales y peces de esa ciudad. El SARS-CoV-2 se ha diseminado rápidamente alrededor del mundo provocando más de 2.5 millones de personas contagiadas y más de 180 mil defunciones a causa de contagio.
ANÁLISIS DEL REGISTRO DE TEMPERATURA LOCAL EN EL SURESTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Hernández Jiménez Fabiola , Andrade Velázquez Mercedes
Published: January 2021

Durante los últimos años, el planeta se ha visto envuelto en un proceso de calentamiento global, lo que lleva a la necesidad conocer más sobre variaciones de temperatura. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las tendencias anuales de temperatura máxima (variable 1) y mínima (variable 2) en el sur de México en el periodo de registro de 1960 a 2000. Las estaciones de los estados de Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco y Yucatán presentaron rangos de temperatura similares, mientras que Chiapas presenta variaciones asociadas a la orografía del estado. Los resultados para ambas mostraron una tendencia positiva en la mayoría de las estaciones. Tenían en común que gran parte de éstas, se localizan en zonas urbanizadas o con nula o muy poca vegetación. Esto puede asociarse a la manifestación de islas de calor debido a la urbanización.
DESCRIPCIÓN MORFOPOLÍNICA DE ALGUNAS ESPECIES DE ANGIOSPERMAS TROPICALES DE IMPORTANCIA ALIMENTARIA Y ORNAMENTAL
Authors: Salazar Arias Sara , Cid Martínez Marcela Alejandra
Published: January 2021

Se realizó una descripción morfológica polínica de algunas especies de angiospermas de importancia alimenticia y ornamental presentes en el estado de Tabasco con el objetivo de contribuir al conocimiento de especies tropicales en el sureste de México. Se analizaron ocho especies pertenecientes a las familias: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Myrtaceae y Rubiaceae. Es la primera vez que se presentan datos palinológicos para 'Epiphyllum hookeri subsp. guatemalense'. En los resultados se observaron mónadas y tétradas, granos asimétricos y radio-simétricos, exina homogénea y heterogénea. La forma, polaridad, aberturas y patrones de ornamentación fueron variados. Estos resultados serán útiles en la realización de estudios aerobiológicos y en la sistemática botánica (taxonomía) de Tabasco. También podrán ser empleados por docentes y alumnos interesados en observar el polen en prácticas académicas en materias como: anatomía y fisiología vegetal, plantas vasculares, aerobiología y palinología.
Cuerpo sexualidad y adolescencia: continuidades y rupturas en instituciones públicas y privadas del departamento del Meta: apuntes para pensar el cuerpo la sexualidad y la adolescencia en la escuela
Authors: Acuña Pineda Armando
Published: January 2021

Este proyecto de investigación, pretende establecer en una primera fase cómo los jóvenes adolescentes describen su sexualidad a través de sus cuerpos. Para ello fue necesario, abordar por un lado como categorías conceptuales los conceptos de cuerpo y educación sexual. En segundo lugar, se abordaron los conceptos de jóvenes y sexualidad ya que se encuentran relacionados con la etapa de vida en que se encuentran los jóvenes adolescentes, aproximadamente entre los 15 y 19 años, los cuales pertenecen a un entorno familiar, chicos que asisten a la escuela de manera permanente, que tienen iniciado una vida sexual (noviazgo) y que por último mantienen una sociabilidad activa entre la escuela, la familia y los espacios sociales cotidianos. Para tales efectos, se asumió un enfoque cualitativo en vista de su carácter descriptivo, todas estas manifestaciones serán inicialmente descritas a través de cuestionarios/encuesta. (Jones, 2010). A su vez los resultados de este proyecto permitirán aportar indicios para describir como conciben la sexualidad los jóvenes a través de sus cuerpos en las instituciones educativas de los municipios de Villavicencio, Acacias, Granada, Puerto. Gaitán y Restrepo. Lo que permitirá tener un trabajo exploratorio para continuar con la segunda fase de la investigación de carácter mucho más comprensivo.
A New Mechanistic Model for Emulsion Rheology and Boosting Pressure Prediction in Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) under Oil-Water Two-Phase Flow
Authors: Zhu Jianjun , Zhao Hanjun , Cao Guangqiang , Banjar Hattan , Zhu Haiwen , Peng Jianlin , Zhang Hong-Quan
Published: January 2021

As the second most widely used artificial lift method in the petroleum industry, electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) maintain or increase flow rates by converting the kinetic energy to hydraulic pressure. As oilfields age, water is invariably produced with crude oil. The increase of water cut generates oil-water emulsions due to the high-shearing effects inside a rotating ESP. Emulsions can be stabilized by natural surfactants or fine solids existing in the reservoir fluids. The formation of emulsions during oil production creates a high viscous mixture, resulting in costly problems and flow assurance issues, such as increasing pressure drop and reducing production rates. This paper, for the first time, proposes a new rheology model to predict the oil-water emulsion effective viscosities and establishes a link of fluid rheology and its effect with the stage pressure increment of ESPs.

Based on Brinkman's (1952) correlation, a new rheology model, accounting for ESP rotational speed, stage number, fluid properties, and so on, is developed, which can also predict the phase inversion in oil-water emulsions. For the new mechanistic model to calculate ESP boosting pressure, a conceptual best-match flow rate (QBM) is introduced. QBM corresponds to the flow rate whose direction at the ESP impeller outlet matches the designed flow direction. Induced by the liquid flow rates changing, various pressure losses can be derived from QBM, including recirculation losses, and losses due to friction, leakage, sudden change of flow directions, and so on. Incorporating the new rheology model into the mechanistic model, the ESP boosting pressure under oil-water emulsion flow can be calculated.

To validate the proposed model, the experimental data from two different types of ESPs were compared with the model predictions in terms of ESP boosting pressure. Under both high-viscosity single-phase fluid flow and oil-water emulsion flow, the model predicted ESP pressure increment matches the experimental measurements well. From medium to high flow rates with varying oil viscosities and water cuts, the prediction error is less than 15%.
Complete Simulation and Fault Diagnosis of Sucker-Rod Pumping (includes associated comment)
Authors: Bin Zhang , Xianwen Gao , Xiangyu Li
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we study the simulation and fault diagnosis of a conventional pumping unit under balanced conditions. As the energy input of sucker-rod pumping (SRP), the motor power contains abundant information about the whole pumping cycle under SRP. It is an important step in oilfield information construction to establish a computer-aided system that is based on motor power diagnosis. Hence, we propose an SRP simulation model for generating motor power. By analyzing the working conditions of six oil wells that contain normal or insufficient liquid supply, gas lock, traveling valve leakage, standing valve leakage, and parting rod, we simulate the motor power of the six wells. In addition, we verify the simulation model using a test well with favorable performance and establish the motor power template set (MPTS) using this simulation model. To allow for computer-aided diagnosis, we propose the use of the area proportion method to extract motor power features. We establish a diagnosis model of oilwell conditions that is based on oblique decision tree and train the diagnosis model using the MPTS. Through the verification of six oil wells in the actual production of the oil field, the diagnosis model shows a favorable response. The test results show that the methods of establishing MPTS and oilwell working-condition diagnosis are feasible.
Innovative Method in Digitizing a Web-based OSCE Evaluation System for Medical Students: A University Hospital Experience.
Authors: Yousef Abdullah , Awary Bassam , AlQurashi Faisal , Albuali Waleed , Al-Qahtani Mohammad , Husain Syed , Sharif Omair
Published: January 2021

Background: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a standard academic assessment tool in the field of medical education. This study aimed to present an innovative method for digitizing a computerized web-based Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) evaluation system for medical students and explore its efficacy compared to the traditional paper-based system, through the analysis of a User Satisfaction Survey.Method: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study involving a User Satisfaction Survey to test assessors’ attitudes to and acceptance of the new Computerized Web-based OSCE Evaluation System (COES) was used. Fifth-year medical students in the College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia were assessed clinically through their 2019 end-of-year OSCE examination by 30 examiners in five different OSCE stations. The traditional paper-based stations were converted into an online electronic version using QuestionPro software. Answers were filled using smart tablets (iPads). QR codes were used for students’ identification at each station to fully digitize the process and save time. After the completion of the exam, a User Satisfaction Survey was sent electronically to all examiners to evaluate their experiences with the new system.Results: The response rate for the survey was 100% with an internal consistency of 0.83. Almost all the examiners (29, 97%) were satisfied with the application of the new OSCE electronic system. Further, 72% of the examiners indicated that the new electronic system facilitated the evaluation of the students’ skills, and 84% found using a smart device (iPad) was easier than using a paper form. All examiners expressed their preference for using the new electronic system in the future.Conclusion: Users were satisfied with the utilization of the new customized COES. This concept of fully digitizing the OSCE assessment process shortened the time needed for both the analysis of results and providing students with feedback. Further observational studies are needed to assess examiners’ behaviors when using this new methodology.
Bioinformatic analysis of methyltransferase-like protein family reveals clinical and functional outcomes in human cancer
Authors: Campeanu Ion , Jiang Yuanyuan , Liu lanxin , Pilecki Maksymilian , Najor Alvina , Cobani Era , Manning Morenci Manning Morenci , Yang Zeng-Quan
Published: January 2021

Human methyltransferase-like (METTL) proteins transfer methyl groups to nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and other small molecules, subsequently playing important roles in various cellular processes. In this study, we performed integrated genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and clinicopathological analyses of 34 METLLs in a large cohort of primary tumor and cell line data. We identified a subset of METTL genes, notably METTL1, METTL7B, and NTMT1, with high frequencies of genomic amplification and/or up-regulation at both the mRNA and protein levels in a spectrum of human cancers. Higher METTL1 expression was associated with high-grade tumors and poor disease prognosis. Loss-of-function analysis in tumor cell lines indicated the biological importance of METTL1, an m7G methyltransferase, in cancer cell growth and survival. Furthermore, functional annotation and pathway analysis of METTL1-associated proteins revealed that, in addition to the METTL1 cofactor WDR4, RNA regulators and DNA packaging complexes may be functionally interconnected with METTL1 in human cancer. Finally, we generated a crystal structure model of the METTL1-WDR4 heterodimeric complex that provides the basis for further development of novel inhibitors. Our results provide a framework for further study of the functional consequences of METTL alterations in human cancer and for development of small inhibitors that target cancer-promoting METTLs.
Nickel Nanoparticles Immobilized on a Porous Triazine-Thiourea-Sulfonamide as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Rahimi Abumuslim , Ghorbani-Vaghei Ramin , Alavinia Sedigheh
Published: January 2021

In order to investigate the role of silica template, polymers and nickel nanoparticles on the reduction of aldehydes/ketones, a novel porous triazine-thiourea-sulfonamide polymeric organic support (TTSA) was prepared via in-situ polymerization of melamine (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine), thiourea and benzene-1,3-disulfonyl chloride in the presence of silica nanoparticles as a template led to the synthesize silica TTSA nanocomposite. Next, after removal of the template, the nanocomposite was transformed into mesoporous poly triazine-thiourea-sulfonamide. Ni nanoparticles (Ni NPs) were then decorated on the designed mesoporous polymer support and the resulting TTSA@Ni NPs nanospheres were employed as heterogeneous catalyst in the construction of alchohols from reduction of aldehydes/ketones using formic acid/triethyl amine as a reducing agent in water as solvent. The catalyst is low-cost, non-toxic, and can be reused for several catalytic cycles without decreasing the activity.
Could Microparticles and PD1 Interplay Add More Effects on Treatment Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma? A Prospective Controlled Study
Authors: Zahran Asmaa , Zahran Zeinab Albadry , Rayan Amal
Published: January 2021

Background: Although multiple myeloma (MM) is still considered as an incurable disease by current standards, the development of several combination therapies, and immunotherapy approaches has raised the hope towards transforming MM into an indolent, chronic disease, and possibly achieving a cure.Objectives: We tried to shed light on the expression of PD1 and different Microparticles (MPs) in MM and their interplay as a mechanism of resistance to standardized treatments, in addition, find their associations with prognostic factors of MM.Methods: thirty patients with newly diagnosed and chemotherapy naïve active MM, along with 20 healthy participants of comparable age and sex were recruited, after diagnosis of MM; blood samples were collected from both patients and controls for flow cytometric detection of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+PD1+, and CD8+PD1+ T cells, total MPs, CD138+ MPs, and platelet MPs. Results: MM patients had statistically significant higher levels of TMPs, CD138+MPs compared to their controls, while PMPs exhibited no significant difference between both groups. Statistically significant higher percentages of CD8+, PD1CD8+, PD1CD4+T cells were detected in patients compared to controls, while the latter group had a significantly higher percentage of CD4+T cells than MM patients, patients who didn't achieve complete response, had significantly higher percentages of PMPs, CD138+MPs, PD1+CD8+, PD1+CD4+, and CD8+T cells (cutoff values= 61, 10.6, 13.5, 11.3 & 20.1 respectively), (p-values=0.002, 0.003, 0.017, 0.001 & 0.008 respectively).Conclusion: Microparticles and PD1 expressions were associated with proliferative potential and resistance to Bortezomib-based treatments, our results suggested that they played a crucial role in myeloma progression.
Enhancement of Neel Relaxation at Magnetic Heating Performance of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles 
Authors: Can Musa , Bairam Chasan , Aksoy Seda , Kuruca Serap , Aktaş Zerrin , Öncül Mustafa
Published: January 2021

The study is based on understand the titanium (Ti) doping effect to enhance the Neel relaxation at magnetic heating performance of magnetite (Fe3O4). Ti doped magnetite ((Fe1-x,Tix)3O4; x= 0.02, 0.03 and 0.05) superparamagnetic nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel technique. The analyses were performed for (Fe1-x,Tix)3O4 and core-shell (SiO2 coated (Fe1-x,Tix)3O4) nanoparticles in order to understand the influence of silica coating on the magnetic properties of nanoparticles. The target of study to enhance the Neel relaxation mechanism on magnetic heating. The interparticle spacing and Ti amount were two parameters that we focused on the study. The results provided that coating with SiO2 has no specific effect on heating performance of (Fe1-x,Tix)3O4 nanoparticles. While the increase in temperature (ΔT) under 150 kHz RF signal reached up to 22oC in 10 minutes for SiO2 coated (Fe0.97,Ti0.03)3O4 nanoparticles, which was very close value of uncoated Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia is Linked to a Worse Prognosis Than Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Hernandez Maria , Girona-Alarcon Mònica , Bobillo-Perez Sara , Urrea Mireia , Sole-Ribalta Anna , Balaguer Mònica , Cambra Francisco-José , Jordan Iolanda
Published: January 2021

BackgroundAround 12-20% of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) require critical care. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the second cause of nosocomial infection in Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU). As far as we know, there are no studies comparing both types of pneumonia in children, thus it remains unclear if there are differences between them in terms of severity and outcomes. ObjectiveThe aim was to compare clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe CAP and VAP.MethodsA retrospective descriptive study, including patients diagnosed of VAP and CAP, with a positive respiratory culture and under mechanical ventilation, admitted to the PICU from 2015 to 2019.Results238 patients were included; 163 (68.4%) with CAP, and 75 (31.5%) with VAP. Patients with VAP needed longer mechanical ventilation (14 vs. 7 days, p<0.001) and more inotropic support (49.3 vs. 30.7%, p=0.006). Patients with VAP had higher mortality (12 vs. 2.5%, p=0.005).Enterobacteriaceae were more involved with VAP than with CAP (48 vs. 9%, p<0.001). Taking into account only de non-drug sensitive microorganisms, patients with VAP tended to have more multidrug-resistant bacteria (30 vs. 10.8%, p=0.141) than patients with CAP. ConclusionPatients with VAP had worse prognosis than patients with CAP, needing longer mechanical ventilation, more inotropic support and had higher mortality. Patients with VAP were mainly infected by Enterobacteriaceae and had more multidrug resistant microorganisms than patients with CAP.
An Autocorrelation Modeling Method for Oxygen Saturation Measurement During Low Perfusion
Authors: Tan Shuangping , Wei Jie , Chen Hao , Zhang Tong , Wu Xiali , Deng Youfeng , Zuo Hongbin
Published: January 2021

Background: SpO2 is a widely used estimation of oxygen saturation owing to its convenient usage and low cost. However, SpO2 determination under low perfusion condition is severely affected by noise.Methods: In this paper, an autocorrelation modeling method for the oxygen saturation measurement during low perfusion is presented. The proposed method mainly contains two steps: calculating the autocorrelation of the photoplethysmography (PPG) signals and modeling for the parameter calculation. The autocorrelation of the PPG signals can suppress the noise and extract pulse waves from low perfusion signals. The model can realize the calculation of SpO2 with the autocorrelation signals. Results: Experiments showed that the new method had a good accuracy and stability under low perfusion condition (perfusion index (PI)<=0.2%), and it was also motion-tolerant. Meanwhile, the new method showed a good performance for the oxygen saturation measurement under the condition of lower perfusion(PI=0.1%).Conclusions: The new method could realize the calculation of SpO2 by little computation and high efficiency without extra hardware. It has strong potential in real-time clinical use.
Low-Resolution ADCs for Two-Hop Massive MIMO Relay System under Rician Channel
Authors: Yu Shujuan , Liu Xinyi , Cao Jian , Zhang Yun
Published: January 2021

Advantages of the system in this PaperThis paper investigates the uplink of a two-hop massive Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO) relaying system with low-resolution Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) at both relays. Significantly different from previous work, we design a two-hop MIMO system to shorten the distance between each hop, so that there will be Line-of-Sight (LOS) path between relays. This allows signals to be transmitted under Rician channels instead of Rayleigh channels and thus increases the sum achievable rate. Second, we apply low-resolution ADCs at both relays of the system to reduce the energy burden. The main work of this paperThe main work of this paper is as follows. First, assuming the Channel State Information (CSI) is perfect, we use the higher-order statistics to derive the closed-form expression of the uplink sum achievable rate of the two-hop low-resolution ADCs massive MIMO relay system under one-hop Rayleigh channels and two-hop Rician channels. Next, supposing that the number of antennas tends to infinity, we derive the law of power scaling and further achieve the asymptotic closed-form expressions and the asymptotic values under different power scales. Next, we verify the correctness of theoretical analysis with numerical simulation results, and compare the results under one-hop Rayleigh channels and two-hop Rician channels. Finally, we conclude that transmitting signal under two-hop Rician channels can achieve a lower sum achievable rate compared with transmitting under one-hop Rayleigh channels, which means it's more effective to apply two-hop Rician MIMO system. Besides, we conclude that deploying low-cost and energy-efficient low-resolution ADCs at a large-scale relay system can improve the energy efficiency and achieve a fairly considerable sum achievable rate at the same time.
Formation of Perfusion Defects in Lymph Nodes During the Early Stage of Metastasis 
Authors: Yamaki Teppei , Sukhbaatar Ariunbuyan , Kikuchi Ryohei , Sakamoto Maya , Mori Shiro , Kodama Tetsuya
Published: January 2021

A perfusion defect in metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) can be visualized as a localized area of low contrast on contrast-enhanced CT, MRI or ultrasound images. Hypotheses for perfusion defect include abnormal hemodynamics in neovascular vessels and decrease in blood flow in pre-existing blood vessels in the parenchyma due to compression of tumor growth in the LNs. However, the mechanism of perfusion defects in LNs during the early stage of LN metastasis has not yet been investigated. Here we show that the formation of a tumor mass with very few microvessels was associated with the development of a perfusion defect in the non-enlarged LN at the early stage of LN metastasis. We found in a mouse model of LN metastasis induced using non-keratinizing tumor cells that during formation of the perfusion defect in non-enlarged LN, the number of blood vessels £ 50 mm in diameter decreased, while the volume of existing blood vessels >50 mm in diameter increased using contrast-enhanced high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced micro-CT imaging systems with a maximum spatial resolution of > 30 mm. Furthermore, we found that tumor angiogenesis and pO2 changes in the metastatic LN were not observed. Our results demonstrate that the perfusion defect appear to be a specific form of tumorigenesis in the LN as vascular-rich organ at the early stage of metastasis. We anticipate a perfusion defect on ultrasound, CT or MRI images to be used as an indicator in the non-enlarged LN at the early stage of LN metastasis.
The Association Between Vitamin D and Acute Rejection in Human Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study
Authors: Mirzakhani Mohammad , Mohammadkhani Sheyda , Hekmatirad Shirin , Aghapour Soudabeh , Gorjizadeh Negar , Shahbazi Mehdi , Mohammadnia-Afrouzi Mousa
Published: January 2021

Background: Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is associated with several diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory infection, and so forth. In the field of transplantation (kidney transplantation), some studies reported that patients with VitD deficiency are of increased chance of acute rejection, but other studies did not show such a chance. On the other hand, since VitD is a modulatory factor and can reduce the inflammatory response, understanding the exact role of it in transplantation may contribute to tolerance condition in these patients.Methods: The electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were searched for eligible studies. In general, 14 studies with a total of 4,770 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Regarding the methodological heterogeneity, we selected a random-effects combination model. Moreover, OR was chosen as an effect size for this study.Results: After the combination of 14 studies, we showed that patients in the VitD-deficient group had an 82% increased chance of acute rejection compared with patients in the VitD-sufficient group, and this effect was significant (OR 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.29, 2.56]; I2 = 52.3%). This result was significant, and, regarding the narrow CI, it can be a conclusive result. Study quality and gender variables were the main sources of inconsistent results in the primary studies. Moreover, using meta-regression, we showed that VitD deficiency (independent from the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of patients) increased the chance of acute rejection.Conclusion: The normal VitD status of patients a few days before and after transplantation can reduce the risk of acute rejection, as it has definite modulatory effects on immune cells.
Resection of pontine cavernous malformation by the full neuroendoscopic telovelar approach
Authors: cai qiang , Ke Yuyong , Ji Baowei , Li Zhiyang , Wang Wenju , Chen Zhibiao , Chen Qianxue , Liu Junhui
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Lesions located in the fourth ventricle and/or pontine tegmentum were treated by telovelar approach under a microscope. However, it is difficult to access upper fourth ventricle from caudal to rostral without removal posterior arch of the atlas due to the vertical working angle of microscope. Neuroendoscope has a good degree of freedom in surgery and can reach this area easily. We tried to remove pontine cavernous malformation by full neuroendoscopic telovelar approach and the results was excellent. Clinical Presentation: Two women presented with dizziness and numbness and were diagnosed as pontine cavernous malformation. The cavernous malformations were removed by a full neuroendoscopic telovelar approach without removal of the posterior arch of the atlas. Conclusion: Neuroendoscope can remedy the flaws of microscopy and can provide greater application for the telovelar approach in pons and fourth ventricle.
Clinical and Social Characteristics of Deliberately Intoxicated Minors Treated in Paediatric Intensive Care
Authors: Kinciniene Odeta , Lesinskaite Auge , Sambaras Rokas , Vankeviciene Ramune , Dervinyte-Bongarzoni Asta , Lesinskiene Sigita
Published: January 2021

Background. The aim of the study was to determine the clinical and social characteristics of minors using alcohol and drugs for inebriation, and the same for those using them for suicide.Methods. This study includes an analysis of case histories of adolescents hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit because of acute alcohol or/and drug intoxication in 2014–2016. Two groups (group I: inebriation, and group II: suicide) were compared on age, sex, severity of intoxication, used substances, presence of other self-harm evidence, and social status.Results. A total of 390 cases were registered: 78.21% in Group I and 21.79% in Group II. The Glasgow-Coma-Scale scores showed that patients from Group I were more severely intoxicated, with an average score of 11.47, whereas patients from Group II averaged 13.45 (P < 0.001). Self-harm was more prominent among minors from Group II, with an incidence of up to 65.09%. The most common substance used to become inebriated was alcohol (72.79%), and for committing suicide was medication (88.24%). Patients who were living in children’s care homes composed 13.33% of all cases included into the study, despite the low frequency of these minors in Lithuania (0.8%).Conclusions. The substance used for deliberate intoxication was mostly alcohol. Minors experiencing inebriation were hospitalized in worse clinical condition in comparison to those who had attempted suicide. Other signs of self-harm were significantly more common among suicidal minors. Living in children’s care homes is a possible risk factor for deliberate intoxication among young people in Lithuania.
A Predict Model to Evaluate the Level of HBV-DNA for the Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (CHB) in Clinic: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zheng Jinli , Wan Juan , Jiang Chenhao , Huang Yang , Pu Xingyu , Jiang Li
Published: January 2021

Background: The previous studies showed the correlation between HBsAg and serum HBV DNA levels were weak or missing. And the relationship of HBeAg and HBV DNA levels was lack.Objective: The study aims to investigate the correlation between HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, and to find an alternative tool to evaluate the HBV DNA levels for clinicians.Methods: We enrolled 1020 patients in this cross-sectional study. We divided the patients into four groups as: HBeAg positivity and negativity groups, high and low HBV DNA levels groups. Further, as to the levels of HBV DNA, we performed subgroups’ in HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative groups.Results: The levels of ALT, ALB and HBeAg were the independent factors for the serum HBV DNA in CHB patients. The predict model for the patients with HBeAg-positive was: M1 (high HBV DNA levels) = 1.412 × (1 for HBeAg-positive >16.15 S/CO or 0 for others) + 0.004 × (1 for ALT > 42.5 IU/L or 0 for others) −0.029 × (1 for ALB > 25.5 g/L or 0 for others) + 0.779, and the AUC was 0.606. And the predict model of patients with HBeAg-negative was: M2 (low levels of HBV DNA) = 0.385 − 0.005 × (1 for ALT > 36.5 IU/L or 0 for others) − 0.006 × (1 for TB > 11.15 umol/L or 0 for others), and the AUC was 0.609.Conclusion: HBeAg was an independent risk factor for the patients with HBeAg(+), and when the level of HBeAg was higher than 16.15 S/CO, the patients should have a HBV-DNA test, if not , we should combine with the level of ALT to determine the decision. For the patients with HBeAg(-), we should evaluate the patients to have a HBV-DNA test by the levels of ALT and TB.
Awareness and readiness to use telemonitoring to support diabetes care among care providers at teaching hospitals in Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Seboka Binyam Tariku , Yilma Tesfahun Melese , Birhanu Abraham Yeneneh
Published: January 2021

Background. Telemonitoring(TM) has great potential in the management of chronically ill patients and could help to improve the quality of the patient's life while reducing healthcare costs and care providers' overload. It is important to assess the keenness level of care providers to use and maximize benefit of using technologies in chronic care. This survey aimed to assess the awareness and readiness of care providers to support diabetes patients through TM technology. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted by using a pretested self-administered questionnaire on 423 study participants at teaching hospitals in northwest Ethiopia. Data entry and analysis were done using Epi-data version 4.6 and STATA version 14 software, respectively. The mean, percentage, and standard deviation were calculated to describe the characteristics of participants. A binary logistic regression analysis method was used to identify factors associated with awareness. The ordinal logistic regression analysis method was used to identify factors associated with readiness, however, the partial proportional odds model was fitted due to violation of the proportional assumption. Result. A total of 406 participants (69.7%, n= 283 nurses and 30.3%, n=123 physicians) were completed survey. A high proportion of respondents owned a computer (66%) or a smartphone (80%). Overall, 38.7% of Participants have heard about TM, when it came to readiness, the majority of the study participants, 321(25.1%) and 121(65.5%) have average and low readiness towards TM, respectively. The result of regression analysis show that the participant’s technical skills, access to basic technologies, and attitude were significantly associated with both outcome variables.Conclusion. The findings of this survey revealed low awareness and readiness of participant’s towards TM. However, this study suggests the need of improving participant's attitudes, access to smartphones and computers, and technical skills to fill this gap.
Assessment of Alcohol use Disorder and its Associated Factors among Alcohol users of Medical and Surgical Outpatients Attending a Specialized Hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Demilew Demeke , Boru Berhanu , Tesfaw Getachew , Kerebih Habtamu , Salelew Endalamaw
Published: January 2021

Background: Alcohol use disorder increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients to intervene in the future. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured at a 95% confidence interval.Results: The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 34.5% with a 95% CI (29.20, 39.80) among study participants. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR=3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR=5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion: The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol use for relaxation and lifetime cigarette smoking need more attention during the assessment of patients in the medical and surgical outpatient departments.
Development of Learning Media for Ethnomathematics and Culture of Lampung with the Powtoon Application
Authors: Choirudin Choirudin , Ningsih Eka Fitria , Amrulloh Hanif , Anwar Muhammad Saidun , Azizah Isnaini Nur , Prastika Mega Suaedah
Published: January 2021

This study aims to develop Mathematics learning media using ethnomathematics based Powtoon applications. This study is using the Borg and Gall development model. Media development is carried out on the material of a flat triangle and quadrilateral of Class VII Junior High School. Data collection instruments used were media expert questionnaires, material experts used to test the quality of mathematics-based Powtoon learning media, and student response questionnaires to test interest in the developed media. Data collection methods used the form of interviews, documentation and questionnaires. This research resulted in ethnomathematics based Powtoon learning media. The results of the assessment by media experts scored 88% in the very feasible category, the assessment of the material experts obtained a score of 87% in the very feasible category, while based on trials in class VII students of Ma'arif 1 Metro SMP which amounted to 22 students obtained a score of 80% with the eligible category. The development of ethnomathematics based Powtoon learning media is feasible and can be used by teachers and students as learning media.
The Effect of Item Pools of Different Strengths on the Test Results of Computerized-Adaptive Testing
Authors: KEZER Fatih
Published: January 2021

Item response theory provides various important advantages for exams carried out or to be carried out digitally. For computerized adaptive tests to be able to make valid and reliable predictions supported by IRT, good quality item pools should be used. This study examines how adaptive test applications vary in item pools which consist of items with varying difficulty levels. Within the scope of the study, the impact of items was examined where the parameter b differentiates while the parameters a and c are kept in fixed range. To this end, eight different 2000-people item pools were designed in simulation which consist of 500 items with ability scores and varying difficulty levels. As a result of CAT simulations, RMSD, BIAS and test lengths were examined. At the end of the study, it was found that tests run by item pools with parameter b in the range that matches the ability level end up with fewer items and have a more accurate stimation. When parameter b takes value in a narrower range, estimation of ability for extreme ability values that are not consistent with parameter b required more items. It was difficult to make accurate estimations for individuals with high ability levels especially in test applications conducted with an item pool that consists of easy items, and for individuals with low ability levels in test applications conducted with an item pool consisting of difficult items.
COVID-19: Frente al desafío pedagógico de lo presencial a lo virtual
Authors: Bracho Pérez Kleeder J. , Bracho Durán Marianggeline Ch.
Published: January 2021

El COVID-19 es una enfermedad de carácter infeccioso y contagioso, considerada pandemia esencialmente por la velocidad en su propagación, causando en los seres humanos infecciones respiratorias severas, que pasan por ser un resfriado común hasta enfermedades más comprometidas como síndromes respiratorios inflexibles que pueden terminar siendo mortales, teniendo la particularidad de propagarse de persona a persona.
Intervenciones eficaces vía internet para la salud emocional en adolescentes: una propuesta ante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: De la Rosa Gómez Anabel , Moreyra Jiménez Liliana , De la Rosa Montealvo Nayeli Guadalupe
Published: January 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una revisión de las intervenciones eficaces vía internet para la salud emocional en los adolescentes y presentar una propuesta de intervención breve basada en técnicas de psicología positiva para potenciar la resiliencia ante la pandemia por COVID-19. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda de artículos publicados sobre intervenciones eficaces vía internet para la salud emocional en los adolescentes entre el año 2010 al 2020 en las bases de datos PsycINFO, Scielo, PubMed y Google Scholar.
Curso taller de diseño de recursos digitales: una instrumentación ante la emergencia del COVID-19 en cuatro escuelas medias y superiores en México
Authors: Sánchez Ambriz Mercedes Leticia , Rodríguez Zamora Adriana del Carmen , Barroso Pérez Raquel
Published: January 2021

Los efectos del COVID-19 se ha visto reflejado en todos los sectores de la sociedad y en especial en el ámbito educativo, donde ha impactado en la forma de enseñar desde el currículum hasta la didáctica, planteando un desafío para la digitalización de la educación presencial, en la que predomina la palabra escrita y el centro del proceso educativo sigue siendo el docente.
Análisis de las características de la Realidad Aumentada aplicada a la educación
Authors: Ramiro Hernán Quezada Sarmiento , Rivera Escriba Luis Antonio , Loján Cueva Edison Luis , Loja Mora Nancy Magaly
Published: January 2021

El avance de las tecnologías de información y comunicación y la incorporación de tecnologías emergentes en la educación, ha dado lugar a al desarrollo de herramientas innovadoras como es el caso de las aplicaciones de Realidad Aumentada, en las cuales se combinan elementos virtuales en ambientes reales al mismo tiempo. Estas aplicaciones vienen siendo utilizadas en diferentes áreas educativas, con mayor frecuencia en temas con contenidos abstractos, con la intención de facilitar la asimilación de los mismos. Varias de éstas aplicaciones de realidad aumentada fueron analizadas en la presente investigación, con el objetivo de determinar sus características y de esta manera sirvan de guía para futuras aplicaciones.
Geoeconomic interest of minerals assemblage of sebkha El Melah, southeastern Tunisia
Authors: Essefi Elhoucine , Tagorti Mohamed Ali
Published: January 2021

This work aimed to study the formation of salt through a progressive evaporation of sebkha El Melah brine. The precipitated salt in the case of sebkha El Melah is variable along the progressive evaporation. Weights of salt after each phase of precipitation indicate a heterogeneous evaporation process cumulating at 315 g L−1. With an increasing evaporation of El Melah brine, the number of precipitated mineral species increased. The cumulative number of species along the evaporation process reached 20, including principally: Halite (NaCl) (73–95%), epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O) (7–14%), bischofite (MgCl2:6H2O) (1%), Kieserite Mg(SO4)(H2O) (0–2%), magnesite (MgCO3) (1–4%), polyhalite (K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4,2H2O). Also, the thermodynamic theoretical modeling of the El Melah brine shows convergence with geochemical and mineralogical experimental data. At an evaporation rate of 60%, the sebkha of El Melah annually provides with 315,000 tons of salt. The majority of salt (80%) is halite. The remaining 20% contains different species having a huge economic interest. From an industrial viewpoint, our study shows that the purity of halite is guaranteed at low rates of evaporation. Evaporation between 50 and 75% produces a mixture dominated by halite. Evaporation higher than 75% needs further studies to find the mineralogical composition and the phase of each mineral precipitation. The saline system of El Melah represents a geoeconomic interest due to the cheap natural process of production, its large quantity of halite with varieties of other accessory minerals, and cheap procedure of exportation.
Water storage practices for small-scale irrigation systems in East Hararghe zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Jilito Mideksa Fufa , Wedajo Desalegn Yadeta , Feyisa Bekele Wegi , Tuke Tsegaye Woldetsadik
Published: January 2021

Agricultural productions of smallholder farmers are vulnerable to rainfall shortage and variability in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was aimed to examine water storage strategies practiced by farmers for small-scale irrigation systems in East Hararghe zone, Ethiopia. Data were collected from 300 irrigation user households using an interview schedule. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate probit (MVP) model. The research findings revealed that about 62.67, 54.33, 20.33 and 17.67% of households have used borehole, shallow wells, hand-dug, and farm pond water storage practices for small-scale irrigation, respectively. The finding of the MVP model showed that the choice of using borehole water storage practices affected by education level and frequency of extension contacts. The choice of shallow wells to store water was influenced by livestock size, participation in non-farm activities, and the use of the improved seed. Furthermore, the choice of using hand-dug is affected by household size, farm size, access to training, external support, and weather information. Finally, the size of livestock ownership influenced the choice of ponds for small-scale irrigation. Therefore, various stakeholders should work to enhance the water storage capacity of the farmers by reducing the hindrances and strengthening enabling factors in the study areas.
Simulation of surface runoff control effect by permeable pavement
Authors: Chen Wang , Zheng Mulian , Gao Qian , Deng Chaoxian , Ma Yue , Ji Guoqiang
Published: January 2021

Permeable pavement (PP) can be used to decrease urban surface runoff. However, few studies have been conducted to explore the runoff reduction effect of various structures of PP in the carriageway. In this study, several structures of PP used in the carriageway of sponge cities in China were investigated and divided into three types: surface drainage, base course storage and drainage, and fully permeable. Then, the runoff models were developed by Storm Water Management Model to simulate the effect of the three types under various rainfall recurrence periods. Results show that rainfall recurrence period, structure and thickness of the permeable layer were identified as the most influential factors in PP runoff reduction. The surface drainage can reduce total runoff depth and coefficient by more than 14%, and also delay runoff start time and duration by more than 40 minutes. Surface runoff in the base course storage and drainage can only be generated when recurrence period is 50 years. The fully permeable does not generate any runoff under all recurrence periods. Based on simulation results, a series of runoff coefficient values for PP were recommended to help the design and implementation of PP in mitigating urban waterlogging problems.
Antibacterial Activity of Kecombrang Flower (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Sm) Extract against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Syafriana Vilya , Purba Renita Noviani , Djuhariah Yayah Siti
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity from the ethanol extract of Kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith) against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. The extract was made by the maceration method with 70% ethanol as a solvent. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the disk diffusion method with a concentration of 10%, 20%, 40%, and80%. Meanwhile, theMinimum InhibitoryConcentration(MIC)was done atconcentrations of 10%, 8%, 6%, 4%, and 2%. The results showed that the Kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Smith) extract hadantibacterialactivityagainstS.epidermidisand P. acnes. The MIC for S. epidermidis is at a concentration of 4%, while in P.acnes cannot determine yet.
Digital Stories of Youth Who Injure Their Own Bodies and Challenges in Today’s Society
Authors: Henriksen Carina
Published: January 2021

The responsibility and solution for bodily self-harm has been tied to the individual, while society andthe social context have remained exempt from accountability. This article portrays the challenges thatyouth who injure their own bodies experience in today’s society. Society has changed, and along withsuch changes come certain implications for today’s youth. Changes in the family situation for youthwho harm their own bodies lead to loneliness and a reduction in social capital. Bodily self-harmers areinfluenced by societal discourses on what is expected of youth today, and such discourses areinternalized. Injury of one’s own body is considered a deviant act and, thus, self-harmers feel they donot fit in today’s society. They experience increased pressure in relation to both education and physicalappearance. This analysis is based on the digital stories of seven youths who injure or have injuredtheir own bodies.