bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial depth and post-2008 change of GDP
Authors: Pietrucha Jacek , Acedański Jan
Published: November 2017

Research background: This paper researches the relationship between financial depth (private credit to GDP ratio) and the subsequent response of GDP to the 2007+ financial crisis.  The prevailing view in the finance-volatility of growth nexus literature is that financial depth reduces production volatility, but this holds true only up to a certain level of financial depth. Another stream of research documents that rapid growth in credit is a financial crisis predictor.

Purpose of the article: We ask: did financial depth or its change have any impact on the post-crisis response of the real sector?

Methods: Cross-sectional regression, 144 countries.

Findings & value added: The post-crisis GDP response corresponds to a change of financial depth prior to the crisis, rather than to the financial depth itself. The increase of financial depth prior to the crisis is statistically significant to the extent of GDP drop; in countries where the credit-to-GDP ratio surged prior to the crisis, the post-crisis response of the real sector was more pronounced. There is no evidence that financial depth negatively affected the extent of the GDP drop after the 2007+ financial crisis; some calculations suggest that the effect is slightly positive (i.e. the collapse was less severe in the countries with higher financial depth). The variables relating to financial depth affected the response of GDP mainly in countries where financial depth is relatively high.
Las Conferencias: espacio y tiempo de aprendizajes en la Biblioteca Médica Nacional de Cuba
Authors: González Rivero Maria del Carmen
Published: November 2017

Se pretende detallar cómo las conferencias pueden clasificar en los nuevos espacios de aprendizaje a partir de identificar las características que distinguen los tradicionales espacios de enseñanza. Existe una amplia variedad de métodos o técnicas para capacitar al personal que trabaja en bibliotecas. En este caso el interés está dado por mostrar los propósitos y efectividad de las conferencias que se realizan en la Biblioteca Médica Nacional (BMN) todos los martes desde el 2013, con el objetivo de utilizar métodos prácticos y fáciles de ejecutar, siendo una manera rápida y sencilla de proporcionar conocimientos a grupos de bibliotecarios o usuarios, facilitando el aprendizaje a través del uso de recursos audiovisuales, imágenes, gráficos, fotografías, grabaciones de videos o películas. Se muestran conclusiones a partir de estadísticas graficadas que permiten realizar valoraciones.
Basic Principle Application and Technology of Boron Neutron Capture Cancer Therapy (BNCT) Utilizing Monte Carlo N Particle 5’S Software (MCNP 5) with Compact Neutron Generator (CNG)
Authors: Payudan Aniti , Aziz Abdullah Nur , Sardjono Yohannes
Published: November 2017

The purpose are to know basic principle, needed component, types of compact neutron generator, plus and minus CNG, identify materials can use as collimator, know physics parameters as input software MCNP 5, knowing step simulation with software MCNP 5, dose in BNCT, knowing boron compound that use in BNCT, getting collimator design for BNCT'S application with source is compact neutron generator and count physics parameter of collimator output and compares it with standard IAEA. Method are reading reference and simulation with MCNP 5. The result are BNCT use high linear energy transfer from alpha and lithium as a result of 10B(n,α)7Li reaction. BNCT method is effective for cancer therapy. It is not dangerous to normal tissues. To work perfectly, BNCT needs neutron, boron (BSH and BPA as boron compound) Indonesia have study turmeric as boron compound, neutron source, collimator and dose. Dose component in BNCT that important are dose of recoil proton, dose of gamma, dose alfa and dose radiation to environmentally. CNG produce neutron with fussion reaction of deuterium-deuterium (2,45 MeV), deuterium-tritium (14 MeV), tritium-tritium(11,31 MeV) can used as neutron source BNCT. Many kinds of CNG are axial, coaxial, toroidal, plasma design, accelerator design, and CNG with diameter 2,5 cm. CNG have more benefit than another neutron source, make CNG compatible as BNCT application. Neutron from CNG need collimator to get neutron as IAEA’s parameter.  Material for collimator are wall and aperture (material: Ni, Pb, Bi), moderator (Al, Al2O3, S, AlF3), filter (6Li,10B, LiF, Al, Cd-nat,  Ni-60, BiF3, 157Gd, 151Eu), gamma shield (Bi, Pb). Simulation using MCNP 5 has severally steps, the first is sketching problem, the second is making listing program with notepad, the third open program on visual editor, and the last is running program. Acquired result is design tube collimator with radius 71 cm and high 139, 5 cm. Design contained on lead wall as thick as 19, 5 cm; moderate: heavy water as thick as 4 cm, AlF3 girdle a half of part CNG, MgF 2 (19 cm + 10 cm), Al (6,5 cm + 5 cm);Gamma shield: bismuth, and aperture with diameter 6 cm by steps aside nickel. The result collimator output cross three of five IAEA'S defaults. They are the ratio among dosed gamma with flux epithermal is 5,738×10 -24Gy. cm 2 .n -1, the value of ratio among thermal's neutron flux with epithermal neutron is 0, 02567, and ratio among current with flux neutron completely is 1, 2. Need considerable effort of all part to realize BNCT in Indonesia.
Clinical trial design of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy on breast cancer using D-D coaxial compact neutron generator as neutron source and Monte Carlo N-Particle simulation method
Authors: Pasaribu Rosenti , Kusminarto Kusminarto , Sardjono Yohannes
Published: November 2017

A clinical trial simulation of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for breast cancer was conducted at National Nuclear Energy Agency Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This was motivated by high rate of breast cancer in the world, especially in Indonesia. BNCT is a type of therapy by nuclear reaction 10B(n,α)7Li that produces kinetic energy totaling 2.79 MeV. High Linear Energy Transfer (LET) radiation of α-particle and recoil 7Li would locally deposit their energy in a range of 5-9 μm, which corresponds to the human cell diameter. Fast neutron coming out of Compact Neutron Generator (CNG) was moderated using Fe and MgF2 material. A collimator, along with breast cancer and the corresponding organ at risk were designed compatible to Monte Carlo N-Particle X (MCNPX). The radiation were simulated by the MCNPX software and the physical quantities were counted by tally MCNPX codes. The highest neutron thermal flux was found at a depth of 1.4 cm on fat tissue. En face and upward intersection radiation techniques were adopted for the breast cancer radiation. The average dose rate of radiation used on breast cancer was 1.72×10-5 Gy/s for the en face method and 8.98×10-6 Gy/s for the upward intersection method. Dose 50±3 Gy was given into cancer cell, (4.18±0.06) ×10-2 Gy into heart and (8.16±0.06) ×10-2Gy into lung for 806.34 hours irradiation.
Radionuclide Release Prediction in Water and Soil at Demonstration Plant of Near Surface Disposal for Radioactive Waste
Authors: Dewanto Pandu , Moersidik Setyo Sarwanto , Sucipta Sucipta
Published: November 2017

Near Surface Disposal (NSD) for Radioactive Waste that should be developed due to increment of the low level radioactive waste, need to be analyzed and evaluated related to the radiological impact of the environment. A research method applied is done by modeling the distribution of radionuclide releases process. Analysis related with the releases of radionuclide in water and soil is using PRESTO (Prediction of Radiological Effects Due to Shallow Trench Operations). The application scenarios selected in this safety assessment is the migrations of Co-60 and Cs-137 scenario through the shallow groundwater flow pattern in the NSD site. The SigmaPlot software is also used to determine the concentration equation in well water and river water. The final results showed the concentration of radionuclide in wells and streams below the provision. Radionuclide activity concentrations in well ranged from 10-10Bq/m3 to 100Bq/m3 and in the river ranged from 10-15Bq / m3 to 10-1Bq / m3. The impact of radioactive waste of radionuclide Co-60 and Cs-137 will decrease to the background radiation level at a distance less than 10m and penetrate into the saturated layer up to 4m. In this study, an equation have been obtained that can predict radionuclide concentration patterns based on the distance and the depth of the ground surface against to the facility operation time.
Dosimetry of in vitro and in vivo Trials in Thermal Column Kartini Reactor for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) facility by using MCNPX Simulator Code
Authors: Tesalonika Adrian , Harto Andang Widi , Sardjono Yohannes , Triatmoko Isman Mulyadi
Published: November 2017

A dosimetry study of in vitro and in vivo trials system in thermal column of Kartini Reactor for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) facility has been conducted by using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Extended (MCNPX) software. Source of neutron originated from the 100 kW reactor which has been modified by the previous researcher. Models have been made by using simple geometries to represent tissues. Models of in vitro have been made by 4 spheres each has 1 cm diameter to represent tumour, whereas in vivo by 4 cylinders each has 6 cm length, 3 cm diameter, and breast soft tissue material with 1 cm sphere each located in the center of the cylinders to represent models of mouse with tumour. An increase in value of the boron concentration will increase the value of dose rate as well, then the exposure time should be shorter. The exposure times (in minutes) of in vitro trials for 20, 25, 30, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 μg boron/g tissues are 117.77, 117.77, 117.07, 115.69, 114.02, 112.39, 110.80, and 109.27. Whereas the exposure times of in vivo trials are 163.58, 162.78, 161.98, 158.88, 155.16, 151.61, 148.22, dan 144.98. In vitro trials have greater values of dose rate so that in vitro trials have shorter exposure time.
Catalytic Activity of Zr4+/ZA on The Isomerization Reaction of α-Pinene and It’s Reusability Test
Authors: Wijaya Nico Aditya , Wijayati Nanik , Cahyono Edy
Published: November 2017

Production of turpentine oil from pine resin until December 2014th was reported to reaching 17.150 tones with the wide of pine forest is 876.992,66 acres. The main component of turpentine oil is α-pinena which isomer products have high value for industrial raw materials. Effects concentration of impregnation and reusability test a best catalyst on α-pinene isomerization reaction using catalysts Zr4+/natural zeolite in which modificated with different Zr4+ concentration were analyzed. Characterization of catalyst included X-ray Fluoroscent for detection of Zr concentration in natural zeolites, Surface Area Analyzer  for determine catalyst porosity using BET method, and determination of acidity using vapor ammonia and pyridine base adsorption gravimetric method. Isomerization process used a batch reactor with variation in the concentrations of Zr4+ impregnations 10, 15, and 20 w/w as well as reusability test used best catalyst. The highest conversion of α-pinene  used Zr4+/ZA 10% catalyst was 3,89% so as Zr4+/ZA 10% catalyst is best catalyst than other catalysts whereas highest conversion of α-pinene used Zr4+/ZA 10% regeneration catalyst was 4,26%. The product is produced from isomerization reaction of α-pinene used Zr4+/ZA all variations catalysts was camphene and limonene.
Biological Shielding Design of In Vitro Test Facility Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) at Radial Piercing Beam Port of Kartini Research Reactor Using MCNPX
Authors: Widarto Widarto , Prabowo Buyung Edi
Published: November 2017

This research aimed to determine material specification of radiation biological shielding design of neutron and gamma output on radial piercing beamport of Kartini Research Reactor using MCNPX code,  as safety radiation protection purpose of in vitro / in vivo irradiation test facility. Refference input data using parameters of neutron and gamma as result simmulation researcher before  as follows Фth is 5.00 x 108 n.cm-2s-1, Фepi is 1.23 x 108 n.cm-2s-1, Фfast is 1.35 x 109 n.cm-2s-1, Ḋγ is 2.49 x 10-3 Sv.s-1, Ḋn is 3.63 x 10-1 Sv.s-1. [ Dwi W.]
Optimation result of simulation using MCNPX to determine specification material for radiation protection safety are parafin block with thickness  75 cm for neutron shielding  and covered by material lead (Pb) with thickness 15 cm for gamma shieding. By this optimation for the both thickness materials, determination for neutron and gamma dose rate  are as follow , Ḋn = 1,1 x Sv.s-1 and with Ḋγ = 1,1 x 10-09 Sv.s-1. Those radiation dose rate of neutron and gamma parameters are still under requirement  of safety dose standard that is 2.78 x 10-9 Sv.s-1 as regulation of Regulatory Body BAPETEN. [Perka BAPETEN No. 4 Tahun 2014]. It can be concluded that by the Biological Shielding Design of In Vitro Test Facility Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) at Radial Piercing Beam Port of Kartini Research Reactor Using MCNPX can operated safely.
Biological Safety Evaluation of 99mTc-DTPA-Ketoconazole for Diagnosis of Fungal Infection
Authors: Sriyani Maula Eka , Wongso Hendris , Widyasari Eva Maria , Sugiharti Rizky Juwita , Halimah Iim , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Sidik Ahmad , Isabela Epy , Nuraeni Witri
Published: November 2017

Infectious diseases have become one of the leading cause of mortality around the world, including in the Southeast Asia. One of the microbial that cause infection is fungi. Occasionally, deep-seated fungal infection is difficult to detect using conventional diagnosis methods and therefore leads to inaccurate detection. Our previous research was conducted in order to obtain the labeled compound of 99mTc-DTPA-Ketoconazole with a high radiochemical purity (98.40 ± 0.86%). Moreover, the in-vitro assays showed that 99mTc-DTPA-Ketoconazole can potentially bind to Candida albicans. On the other hand, in clinical routine use, diagnostic kit should be safe for the patients. Consequently, this research was conducted to determine the biological safety parameters of 99mTc-DTPA-Ketoconazole on the animal study, including single dose and acute toxicity test, sterility, and apirogenicity test. The results showed that both the single dose at 34.6 μCi and dose until 149 times of the single dose did not stimulate the toxic response to the animals. In addition, the sterility data revealed that there was no microbial growth after 7 days of incubation at 37°C as well as fungal growth after 14 days of incubation at 25°C. Furthermore, the apirogenicity test using rabbits revealed that there was no increase in temperature more than 0.6°C for each animal and not more than 1.5°C of total increase of temperature for all the animals. It is concluded that the 99mTc-DTPA-Ketoconazole is satisfy the requirements of biological safety of a radiopharmaceutical and therefore was acceptable for fungal detection in nuclear medicine.
Analysis of Safety and Health of Radiation Officer at Pilot Plant BNCT
Authors: N Yuliana Dian , Soeparmi Soeparmi , Sardjono Yohannes
Published: November 2017

Radiation is emission energy which derived from the process of transformation of atoms or nuclei unstable. The emission energy was emitted by a hoarse radiation, can cause changes in physical, chemical and biological material in its path so that the radiation worker should give special attention to health and safety during operate the installation using radiation. Limits opportunities for stochastic effects occur, or the risk resulting from the use of radiation that can be accepted by the public, and workers and prevent the occurrence of deterministic result of radiation harm to the individual. Equivalent dose of radiation received by workers or the public should not be beyond Dose Limit Value (NBD). This also applies to the radiation workers who operate tools for cancer therapy method using boron or Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). BNCT is a method of new cancer therapies that are being developed, which combines methods of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. BNCT method utilizing 10B or boron compounds are likely to capture neutrons in thermal energy, which is produced by high - Linear Energy Transfer (LET). Medical examinations for radiation workers should be done regularly and follow the general principles of treatment work, namely the examination before work and after work. Threshold limit radiation exposure was 0.2 to 0.5 Sv. When a person is exposed to radiation overdose, the investigation dosage needs to be done specifically include biological dosimetry.
A Study of The Assessment for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Agent
Authors: Triatmoko Isman Mulyadi , Sutjipto Sutjipto
Published: November 2017

A study of the assessment criteria covers the synthesis and characterization of agent and test their biological effectiveness as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents in cancer treatment. The cellular uptake of this agent into the glioblastoma cells was assessed by boron analysis (ICP-MS) and by fluorescence imaging (confocal microscopy). The agent enters the glioblastoma cells exhibiting a similar profile, i.e., preferential accumulation in the cytoskeleton and membranes and a low cytotoxic activity (IC50 values higher than 200 μM). The cytotoxic activity and cellular morphological alterations after neutron irradiation in the Research Reactor (>107 neutrons cm−2 s−1) were assessed by the MTT assay and by electron microscopy (TEM). Post neutron irradiation revealed that BNCT has a higher cytotoxic effect on the glioblastoma cells. Results provide a strong rationale for considering one of these compounds as a lead candidate for a new BNCT agent.
A Conceptual Design Optimization of Collimator With 181Ta as Neutron Source for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Based Cyclotron Using Computer Simulation Program Monte Carlo N Particle Extended
Authors: Siburian Jans P B , Harto Andang Widi , Sardjono Yohannes
Published: November 2017

The optimization of collimator with 30 MeV cyclotron as neutron source and 181Ta as its proton target. cyclotron assumed work at 30 MeV power with 1 mA and 30 kW operation condition. Criteria of design based on IAEA’s recommendation. Using MCNPX as simulator, the result indicated that with using 181Ta as target material with 0.55 cm thickness and 19 cm diameter, 25 cm and 45 cm PbF2 as reflector and back reflector, 30 cm 32S as a moderator, 20 cm 60Ni as fast neutron filter, 2 cm 209Bi as gamma filter, 1 cm 6Li2 CO3- polyethylenes as thermal neutron filter, and 23 cm diameter of aperture, an epithermal neutron beam with intensity 4.37 x 109 n.cm-2.s-1, fast neutron and gamma doses per epithermal neutron of 1.86 x 10-16 Gy.cm2.n-1 and 1.93 x 10-13Gy.cm2.n-1, minimum thermal neutron per epithermal neutron ratio of 0.003, and maximum directionality 0,728, respectively could be produced. The results have passed all the IAEA’s criteria.
Determinación del perfil de susceptibilidad a antibióticos de Listeria sp. aisladas de leche cruda de vaca en Tunja
Authors: Urbano Cáceres Eliana Ximena , Aguilera Becerra Astrid Maribel , Jaimes Bernal Claudia Patricia
Published: November 2017

Introducción: La presencia de especies de Listeria sp en alimentos, se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública, considerando su patogenicidad, especialmente por L. monocytogenes. 

Objetivo: Determinar el perfil de susceptibilidad de cepas de Listeria sp. aisladas a partir de muestras de leche cruda de vaca en fincas del municipio de Tunja-Boyacá-Colombia. 

Metodología: Se analizaron 293 muestras de leche cruda de vaca obtenidas de las cantinas de almacenamiento; para el aislamiento e identificación bioquímica de Listeria sp, se realizó un pre-enriquecimiento en caldo Fraser (Oxoid), incubación a 4°C, aislamiento en medio Palcam (Oxoid) e identificación utilizando Microbact Listeria L-12 (Oxoid). El perfil de susceptibilidad a antibióticos fue determinado por el método de difusión de disco. 

Resultados: la prevalencia total de Listeria sp. fue de 9.89 % (n= 29). La especie más prevalente fue L. seeligeri (7.17%) y la menos L. grayi (0.34%). L. monocytogenes presentó una prevalencia de 2.7%. Se determinó que todos los aislamientos de Listeria sp fueron susceptibles a la penicilina y la ampicilina. Un aislamiento de L. monocytogenes fue resistente a ciprofloxacina, gentamicina, trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol y tetraciclina, mientras que las demás fueron sensibles a los antibióticos evaluados. 

Conclusiones: Se determinó la presencia de varias especies de Listeria sp, incluyendo L. monocytogenes la cual es considerada de importancia en salud pública. Se presentó susceptibilidad a la mayoría de los antibióticos analizados excepto a clindamicina, además se reporta un caso aislado de resistencia a tetraciclina en una cepa de L. monocytogenes y se determinó la resistencia a trimetoprim-sulfametoxazole. 

PALABRAS CLAVE: 

Inocuidad de los Alimentos, Productos Lácteos, Inspección de Alimentos, Bacterias Grampositivas. 

SUMMARY
PEMANFAATAN TITONIA SEBAGAI PUPUK ALTERNATIF DAN BAHAN SUBTITUSI PUPUK N, P, DAN K, BAGI PADI SAWAH INTENSIFIKASI YANG DIBERI P SECARA STARTER
Authors: Gusnidar Gusnidar
Published: November 2017

Penelitian bertujuan menentukan interaksi antara Titonia (Tt) dan takaran pupuk P-starter (P-s) terhadap produksi padi sawah intensifikasi. Penelitian berlokasi di Kenagarian Sicincin Kabupaten Padang Pariaman Sumatera Barat. Percobaan berbentuk faktorial 2x3 dalam rancangan petak terbagi (RPT) dengan 3 kelompok. Petak utama adalah dosis Tt, Urea, dan KCl, T0=0,0 tonha-1 Tt+200kgUrea+75kgKCl (Urea dan KCl rekomendasi=R); T1=5, tonha-1 Tt+100 kgUrea (Urea 50% R), tanpa KCl.  Anak petak adalah dosis P-s; P0 = 0kg P ha-1; P3 = 3kg P ha-1; P6 = 6kg P ha-1. Dibuat pula 3 petak kontrol menurut tradisi petani (200kg SP-36ha-1, dan 200kg Ureaha-1). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tanah dan tanaman, data tanaman diuji F, dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji BNT taraf 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tt dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk alternatif untuk menghemat penggunaan pupuk buatan (PB) berupa pupuk N (Urea), pupuk P (SP-36 atau TSP), dan pupuk K (KCl) untuk tanaman padi sawah intensifikasi. Penggunaan Tt sebanyak 5,0ton kering ha-1 dapat mengurangi dosis PB hingga 50% pupuk N (100kg Urea), 162kg SP-36, dan 100% pupuk K (75kg KCl) dengan hasil gabah sekitar 6,0 ton ha-1 (kadar air 14%). Pemberian Tt sebagai pupuk alternatif untuk mensubtitusi 50% penggunaan pupuk N, dan 100% pupuk K, dan mengurangi penggunaan pupuk P (81%) sehingga dapat menghemat biaya produksi. Dengan demikian Tt dapat direkomendasikan sebagai pupuk alternatif untuk mensubtitusi sekitar 50% penggunaan pupuk N, P, dan K pada tanah sawah intensifikasi.Kata kunci: Pupuk alternatif, pupuk buatan, sawah intensifikasi, titonia
EKSTRAKSI BAHAN HUMAT DARI BATUBARA (SUBBITUMINUS) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN 10 JENIS PELARUT
Authors: Rezki Dewi , Ahmad Fachri , Gusnidar Gusnidar
Published: November 2017

This experiment was conducted to extract sub-bituminous coals for obtaining humic substances by using 10 kinds of extract solutions.  The best and effective solution was investigated and also the characteristics of humic substances soluble in those solution.  Complete Randomize Design was used to find out the effect of treatments.  Two types of coals were taken from Pasaman and Sawahlunto and the ten kinds of extract solutions were 0.1 N NaOH, 0.5 N NaOH, 0.1 M Na2CO3, 0.5 Na2CO3, 0.1 N HCl, 0.1 M Formic Acid, 0.1 M Oxalic Acid, 0.025 N HF, Ethanol 70 %, and Ethanol 90 %.  Results of this laboratory experiment showed that all ten extraction solutions had the ability to extract humic substances but in different amount.  The best solution that could be used effectively was 0.5 N NaOH.  This solution could extract 31.5 % of humic substances from Pasaman Sub-bituminous coals, but only 15.4 % could be extracted from that of Sawahlunto.  Infra Red Spectrometer was also used to identify the characteristics of functional groups appear on those humic substances extracted.Key Words: humic acid, coal
KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA EMPAT TANAH UTAMA DI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Asmar Asmar , Ramayani Ari
Published: November 2017

A research about soil physical study of four main soils found in West Sumatra was conducted in 2006.  The research was aimed to determine some soil physical properties of four soil which are mostly found in West Sumatra.  The four soil orders assessed were Ultisol from Agricultural Expreriment Station Limau Manis, Oxisol from Lubuk Minturun, Entisol from Tabing Kecamatan Koto Tangah Padang, dan Andisol from Bukik Gompong Kabupaten Solok.  The result showed that at the depth of 0-20 cm soil profile.  Ultisol and Oxisol had finer texture than those of Andisol and Entisol.  Andisol was dominated by silt while Entisol was dominated by sand particles.  Andisol had the lowest bulk density and the highest soil organic matter and total porosity.  Soil Organic matter content of Entisol, Oxisol, and Ultisols was low in criteria.  Plant available water (PAW) was higher in Oxisol, then followed by Andisol, Ultisol, and Entisol.Key words: Organic matter, bulk density, texture, porosity, plant available water
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BEBERAPA JENIS BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP STABILITAS AGREGAT TANAH ULTISOL LIMAU MANIS
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Adrinal Adrinal , Daulay Anita Febriani
Published: November 2017

A field research about the effect of some sources of organic matter on aggregate stability of Ultisol was conducted in Limau Manis Padang. The research was aimed to investigate the contribution of different sources of organic matter to soil aggregate stability.  Field research was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 4 treatments (types of organic matter) and 3 replications (blocks). The treatments were : A =  Tithonia diversifolia, B = Straw of Oryza sativa, C = Imperata cylindrica, and D = Leucaena glauca. The dosage for each treatment was 20 ton/ha based on dry weight. The result showed that Tithonia diversifolia gave the best contribution in improving soil aggregate stability of Ultisol Limau Manis for the first three (3) months.Keywords : organic matter, aggregate stability, marginal soil.
KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH PADA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.) DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Adrinal Adrinal , Isminingsih Sudewi
Published: November 2017

This research was aimed to evaluate physical properties of soils grown by mangosteen crops in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, especially in Kecamatan Payakumbuh and Kecamatan Guguk, in West Sumatra.   Soils were sampled by using sample rings for undisturbed and by using soil driller for disturbed samples on 0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm soil depth.  Soil samples were analyzed in Soil Laboratory Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University, Padang.  The results showed that soil texture in two locations was similar, that was silty loam for the 0-40 cm depth, and clay for the 40-60 depth.  However, generally soil organic matter content in Guguk was lower than that in Payakumbuh, that was medium to low, BV from low to high, total porosity from high to medium, and permeability from high to slightly slow.  Key  Words: Soil physical properties, mangostana
FAKTOR-FAKTOR EKSTERNAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI WAKTU PEMBUAHAN MANGGIS
Authors: Darfis Irwan , Aprisal Aprisal
Published: November 2017

A research aiming to evaluate external factors affecting fertility process on manggo trees had been conducted in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, as one of production central for manggos in West Sumatra.  In the first year, the activity of the research was aimed to identification on earlier and later flowering plants.  External factors being identified were soil nutrients and soil chemical characteristics, as well as temperature and relative humidity around canopies of the trees.  The results showed that there was an interaction among the external factors  on the characteristics of both groups of the manggo trees.  Earlier flowering plants had higher  temperature around the canopies, but lower relative humidity than those later flowering plants.  Some other external factors such as light intensity as well as the duration of day and night period will be identified on the following research.Key Words: Manggos tree, canopy temperature and humidity, earlier flowering plants, later flowering plants
PEMANFAATAN ABU JENJANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI SUMBER K PADA TANAH GAMBUT DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAGUNG
Authors: Prasetyo Teguh Budi
Published: November 2017

This research was conducted in Green House at Agriculture Faculty of Andalas University from September 2000 to Maret 2001.  The objective of the research was to study of  the ash of oil palm stem as K source and to determine optimum level to corn production on peat soils.  The experiment was designed on Complete Randomized Design with 9 treatments and 3 replications.  The treatments consisted of without oil palm ash, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 kg/ha and 100, 200 kg KCl/ha.  The result showed that application of the ash of oil palm can increase  pH and K  soil content.  The highest pH and K soil content was obtained with 1000 kg ash/ha namely 5,56 and 5,28 me/100 g. Application 400kg ash/ha can substitute 200 kg KCl/ha.  The highest corn yield was obtained with application  800kg ash/ha but not significantly with application 400 and 600 kg/haKey words:  ash, K resource, corn production
KARAKTERISTIK DAN KERAGAMAN TANAH KETAPING SELATAN KECAMATAN BATANG ANAI KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Adrinal Adrinal , Armon Neldi
Published: November 2017

A study of soil characteristics and soil variation was carried out in Ketaping Selatan, Batang Anai, Padang Pariaman District. The study aimed to identify the characteristics and variation of soil of Ketaping Selatan as a selected village under University of Andalas supervisory. The results indicated that Ketaping Selatan has two soil variations namely Typic Udifluvents and Terric haplosaprists. Both soils are categorized as soils with low fertility and low carrying capacity. It is needed a proper management for enhanching their soil productivity, erspecially for agricultural purposes. Keyword : soil caracteristics, soil variation
ANALISIS SIFAT FISIKA ULTISOL TIGA TAHUN SETELAH PEMBERIAN BAHAN ORGANIK SEGAR DI DAERAH TROPIS BASAH SUMBAR
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Naldo Rice Agmi , Rasyidin Azwar
Published: November 2017

Ultisols as a marginal land need to be reclaimed especially the soil aggregate stability (SAS) under wet tropical area. A research about application of 3 types of fresh organic matter (FOM): Gliricidia sepium dan Tithonia diversifolia) aiming to improve SAS was conducted in Ultisol Limau Manis, wet tropical area, West Sumatra. Fresh organic matter was added to soil at 3 different slope (3, 12, dan 25% slope) in early 2008, then the soil was planted by corn for 4 times until the end of 2009. Corn biomass was return to the land as mulch between crop rows every harversting. The land, then, was fallowed for 1 year (in 2010) before the soil was sampled in 2011 for the physical properties analyses. The results showed that soil organic matter (SOM) content, SAS, permeabilitas, and total pore at 0-20 cm soil depth from plots applied with FOM at all classes of slope were still higher than those control plots. From 3 FOM added, plot added with Tithonia diversifolia still showed better soil physical properties (SOM = 8.3%, SAS = 83). It means that FOM application on Ultisol under wet tropical raiforest still gave effect until 3 years after application.Key Words: Ultisol, stabilitas aggregat, bahan organik segar, bahan organik tanah
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI BAHAN PENGISI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PEWARNA BUAH SENDUDUK
Authors: Tazar Nurzarrah , Violalita Fidela , Harmi Mimi , Fahmy Khandra
Published: November 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis bahan pengisi terbaik dan konsentrasi bahan pengisi yang terbaik dalam mengekstrak pewarna bubuk dari buah senduduk. Jenis bahan pengisi yang digunakan ada dua macam yakni dekstrin dan maltodekstrin, konsentrasi bahan pengisi yang digunakan adalah 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% dan 25%. Pewarna bubuk yang dihasilkan dianalisa konsentrasi antosianin, kadar air, pH, total asam dan aktivitas antioksidannya. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan jenis bahan pengisi, konsentrasi bahan pengisi dan interaksi keduanya memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap konsentrasi antosianin, kadar air, pH dan total asam  dari pewarna bubuk buah senduduk. Jenis bahan pengisi yang paling baik dalam pembuatan pewarna bubuk dari buah senduduk adalah maltodekstrin pada konsentrasi 5% dengan konsentrasi antosianin 7.3688 mg/L, kadar air 13.6171%, pH 2.372 dan total asam 41.47% dengan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 52.670%.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN SENYAWA BIOAKTIF EKSTRAK KERING DAUN KLUWIH DARI POSISI DAUN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Permata Deivy Andhika , Asben Alfi
Published: November 2017

Indonesia kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati, diantaranya tanaman kluwih. Di masyarkat luas rebusan daun kluwih dikenal sebagai obat diabetes. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, sebagai langkah awal melihat potensi ektrak kering daun kluwih sebagai sediaan yang dapat diaplikasikan dalam pembuatan pangan fungsional, obat-obatan atau sediaan jamu. Daun kluwih pada posisi berbeda dilakukan ekstraksi dengan pelarut air kemudian dipekatkan menggunakan rotary vacuum evaporator kemudian dibuat menjadi ekstrak kering dengan bantuan freeze dryer. Pengamatan yang dilakukan, yaitu rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, analisis kualitatif fitokimia, serta total polifenol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh karakteristik dan komponen bioaktif ekstrak kering daun muda, tua dan sangat tua berturut-turut sebagai berikut: rendemen sebesar 5,49%, 5,23% dan 5,34%; kadar air sebesar 10,11%, 10,16%, dan 10,30%; kadar abu 12,76%, 12,35%, dan 12,30%. Pada semua ekstrak daun mengandung alkaloid, triterpenoid, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik dan tanin. Total polifenol ekstrak kering daun muda, tua dan sangat tua berturut-turut, yaitu 11.175 mgGAE/g, 10.238,89 mgGAE/g, dan 7.858,33 mgGAE/g.
Evaluation Of Service Quality For Undergraduate Programs At Andalas University
Authors: Putri Nilda Tri , Broto Adi Alexie Herryandhi , Fikri Ryan Kamal
Published: November 2017

Total Quality Management is a philosophy and key to bring success in the industry for this era. Total Quality Management plays an important role in the management system and culture to create or produce a good products and service. Andalas University is one object of the application of Total Quality Management in the education sector. Research carried out aims to describe the service quality for undergraduate programs at the Andalas University. Based on the measurement of the service quality, obtained the information related to the level of student satisfaction each Departments and priority improvements to service variable. The study used a questionnaire with two instrument ratings. The instruments rating are an assessment of the level of service and service priority. The calculation for service quality used CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index) method. The recommendations for improve service quality used IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) Method. Based on research conducted, service quality Undergraduate Program at Andalas University can be categorized as low. It was based on the value of CSI located on the 4th lowest category, which is one of courses in Very Poor category, 9 courses in Poor category, 3 courses in the Cause for Concern category, and 1 course on Borderline category. While the dimensions of which are in the service of a general improvement priorities is the Tangible and Reliability dimension.
Evaluasi Persepsi Safety Climate Pada Bagian Unit Gawat Darurat (UGD) di Rumah Sakit Daerah Propinsi Yogyakarta
Authors: Hasibuan Chalis Fajri
Published: November 2017

Safety climate is an important component of the responsibility of health services and the safety climate survey provides a measure of the safety climate within the organization and identifies opportunities to improve service. Implementation of safety climate in healthcare has been done in many developing countries or developed countries, assessment of safety climate on healthcare by using questionnaires. Low safety culture has a positive contribution to the errors in health services, unsafe therapy, and a variety of other unexpected accidents (medical errors, unsafe therapies, and unintended injuries). Based on this background, this study aims to evaluate the existing safety climate at the regional general hospital in Yogyakarta province, and to know the general picture of the safety climate condition in the hospital. This study was conducted at the emergency department at the hospital with 3 hospitals in Yogyakarta with 84 respondents consisting of nurses, doctors and midwives working in the unit. The results obtained from this study resulted in a valid and reliable questionnaire for each dimension with validity> 0.3 and reliable over 0.6, and also the validity results from questionnaires on other hospitals resulted in consistency of psychometric questionnaires. In this study also shows the index level of each dimension to the hospital. Overview of each hospital on the safety climate can be illustrated based on the level obtained that RSUD II and RSUD I leadership, communication, and also teamwork already has a pretty good level, while RSUD III 3 dimensions that are at level 1 for the dimension of leadership , personal and communication. The personal dimensions of the three hospitals are at level 1 explaining that personal dimensions are still poor in all three hospitals. And also from result of test of Mann Whitney can be seen that there is no difference of perception between doctor and nurse so that equation of perception toward interest of safety climate same between doctor and nurse at RSUD Yogyakarta
El mito de las privatizaciones y la experiencia chilena
Authors: Vergara Estévez Jorge
Published: November 2017

El autor hace un análisis de los procesos de privatización de empresas y bienes estatales en América latina, para luego detenerse en la experiencia de Chile. Para el caso chileno, se indica que los efectos negativos de las privatizaciones exceden en mucho sus consecuencias positivas, y refutan la teoría neoliberal que ve en ellas una fuente de eficiencia económica y bienestar para todos, confirmando la interpretación del Premio Nóbel de Economía Stiglitz para quien las reformas neoliberales son, básicamente, un proyecto político que significa la radicalización de la dependencia de las economías y los sistemas políticos del mundo periférico a las principales sociedades del Norte, y sus empresas trasnacionales, en función de nuevo ordenamiento de la economía y el sistema de poder mundial, en el contexto de una nueva revolución científico-tecnológica.
Reseña. "Filosofía para niños, ideas fundamentales y perspectiva sociales"
Authors: Rojas Castillo John Larry
Published: November 2017

Sin resumen.
Visibilidad de la especie humana en el discurso administrativo
Authors: Escobar Aristizábal Germán , Morales Mosquera María Edith
Published: November 2017

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar como en el proceso de evolución de la especie humana-perspectivo filogenética, y como individuo único-perspectiva ontogénetica-, es pertinente estudiar al ser humano en tres dimensiones, esto es, la dimensión biológica, psíquica y social. Sin embargo, la economía de mercado en el ámbito organizacional ha desarrollado un pragmatismo utilitarista a nivel de las ciencias de la gestión donde el individuo constituye un instrumento de producción, este tipo de prácticos reduccionistas de la administración descontextualizan al sujeto de su entorno histórico, negándole el papel que debe cumplir históricamente: gestionar el bienestar de la humanidad.
La pedagogía: el complemento estratégico de la educación ambiental
Authors: Moscoso Casallas Marcela Andrea , Garzón Guerrero Vilma Aurora
Published: November 2017

Este artículo parte de un proceso de investigación de carácter cualitativo y documental, bajo un enfoque her­menéutico y sociocrítico, con el cual se buscó analizar la importancia, funcionalidad, relación y pautas para la se­lección y aplicación de estrategias pedagógicas dentro de la Educación Ambiental. Se identificó que este tipo de educación se ha caracterizado por una serie de intenciones que se han visto limitadas por sus pocas estrategias, pese al hecho de ser interdisciplinar y transversal. Tal situación se evidenció en la Institución Educativa Departa­mental Nuestra Señora del Carmen, sede General Santander, del municipio de Lenguazaque, Cundinamarca. Por lo cual, se propuso como solución la formulación de una cartilla o catálogo didáctico en la que se plantearon una serie de estrategias, recomendaciones y pautas para el desarrollo didáctico de la Educación Ambiental en el aula, desde un proceso vivencial, reflexivo, conceptual, dinámico, participativo, creativo e innovador.
Converging on Choice: The Interstate Flow of Foundation Dollars to Charter School Organizations
Authors: Ferrare Joseph J. , Setari R. Renee
Published: November 2017

A growing body of research has been documenting the pivotal role that philanthropic funding plays in advancing state and local charter school reform. However, there is little understanding of the geographic flow of these funding patterns and the market, policy, and organizational conditions that have concentrated funding in some clusters of states more than others. To address this limitation, we use descriptive cartography and quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) regression to analyze longitudinal funding data from 15 philanthropic foundations along with data related to the contexts of the states where grant recipients reside. We find that between 2009 and 2014, foundations were increasingly converging their funding flows to charter school organizations in select clusters of states as they shifted the concentration of funds away from individual charter schools to charter management organizations (CMOs) and advocacy organizations. A substantial portion of the variation in this interstate convergent grant funding was associated with previously established funding flows. However, the local market and policy contexts of states and certain forms of evidence of charter school effectiveness were also associated with interstate convergent funding. These findings point to the potential ways public policy and research can shape the flow of private money into public education and yet illuminate substantial geographic inequality in the ways these funds are distributed.
Integron in Gram negative bacteria: Classes and fitness cost
Authors: AlAmri Aisha M
Published: November 2017

Bacteria intrinsically harbor methods of gene exchange that are distinct from those in eukaryotes, but subject to natural selection laws. Dissemination of antimicrobial resistance is one of the major consequences of gene exchange ability. Bacterial genomes have the ability to undergo evolutionary changes within specified time frame resulting on an exceptional diversity, especially, under strong selection pressure. One of the most important elements of antimicrobial resistance are integrons which serve as a platform for gene cassettes integration and expression.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 1-4
Refining the Comics Form
Authors: Gavaler Chris
Published: November 2017

Setting aside historical factors and focusing exclusively on a formal definition
of comics as juxtaposed images, comics may be further refined by analysing
the divisions, orders and relationships of those images. The images
may also have both representational and abstract levels that together produce
narrative’s intrinsic patterns and its extrinsic feeling of story. Although
narrative comics and abstract comics sound like opposites, a representative
narrative may be understood non-representationally because it is composed
of abstract marks, and a sequence of abstract images can still create the
experience of story through implied conflict and transformation. Analysed
according to image representation, image relation, and image order, comics
divide into six formally distinct categories: representational and abstract
narratives; representational and abstract arrangements; and representational
and abstract non sequiturs.
Phytochemical Action of White Mulberry Extracts against Three Important Stored Grain Pests
Authors: Sabuj Z. R. , Khatun A. , Abdullah M. , Badruddoza D. M. , Ali H. , Islam N.
Published: November 2017

Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), CHCl3 and CH3OH extracts of white mulberry were subjected to dose-mortality tests against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.). Pet. ether extract of  leaves against C. chinensis, S. oryzae and T. castaneum provided LD50 9.16, 5.06, 3.79, 2.81, 2.06, 1.55, 1.32, 1.38 mg/g; 17.6, 12.9, 11.3, 82.4, 83.5, 9.47, 8.73, 8.61 mg/g and 0.93, 0.826, 0.691, 0.623, 0.567, 0.532, 0.525 mg/cm2 after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against C. chinensis Pet. ether extract of root and stem bark gave LD50 28.3, 20.7, 18.4, 16.9, 14.4, 13.6, 13.3, 13.3 mg/g and 86.3, 228.9, 177, 109, 61.0, 21.8, 0.999, 15 mg/g after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. CH3OH extracts of leaves offered LD50 21.5, 20.4, 17, 16.2, 15.6, 14.7 mg/g against C. chinensis; 5.4, 14.7, 13.7, 11, 10.9, 9.46, 9.10 mg/g against S. oryzae; and 3.804, 3.429, 3.284, 2.736, 2.441, 2.311, 2.264 mg/cm2 against T. castaneum after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against S. oryzae CH3OH extract of root and CHCl3 of stem bark gave LD50 19.5, 19.1, 17.5, 16.7, 16.2, 15.8, 15.9 mg/g and 9.77, 9.44, 7.71, 6.56, 5.94, 5.39, 5.4 mg/g after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. However, CHCl3 extract of leaves and root didnt show mortality.
Copper-doped Hydroxyapatite for Removal of Arsenic(V) from Aqueous System
Authors: Jahan S. A. , Mollah M. Y. A. , Ahmed S. , Susan M. A. B. H.
Published: November 2017

In this work, pure and copper-doped hydroxyapatite (various wt% of Cu) were synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method using eggshells as source of calcium. The efficiency of the prepared materials for removal of arsenic(V) from aqueous system has been investigated. Pure and Cu(II)-doped HAP were calcined at different temperatures ranging from 100-600 °C. The synthesized HAPs were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscpic Analysis (EDS), particle size analysis based on dynamic light scattering measurements, and BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET) surface area analysis. FT-IR spectra and XRD patterns of synthesized HAPs confirmed the formation of single HAP phase. XRD patterns showed decrease in crystallite size for Cu-HAP compared to pristine HAP. BET surface area of Cu-HAP calcined at 300 °C increased to 153.39 m2g-1 from 66.80 m2g-1 for pure HAP. Finally, the synthesized HAPs were applied to remove As(V) from aqueous system. As(V) removal efficiency for Cu-HAP was two-fold higher than that of pure HAP. Adsorption behaviors were analyzed for As(V) adsorption on thermally treated pure and Cu-HAP using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin adsorption isotherms. Finally, the prospect of Cu(II)-doped HAP for treatment of waste water containing heavy metals has been discussed.