bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Moral Functions of Language
Authors: Li Leon , Tomasello Michael
Published: March 2021

Previous comparisons of language and morality have taken a cognitively internalist (i.e., within-minds) perspective. We take a socially externalist (i.e., between-minds) perspective, viewing both language and morality as forms of social action. During human evolution, social cognitive adaptations for cooperation evolved, including cooperative communication (social acts to mentally coordinate with others for common goals) and social normativity (social acts to regulate cooperative social relationships). As human cooperation scaled up in complexity, cooperative communication and social normativity scaled up as well, leading to the development of culturally elaborated forms of language and morality. Language facilitates all aspects of morality and is even necessary for certain aspects. Humans use language to (1) initiate, (2) preserve, (3) revise, and (4) act on morality in ways such as forming joint commitments, teaching norms, modifying social realities, and engaging in moral reason-giving.
German-Russian Cooperation – Challenges of 2020 and Prospects for 2021. Part 1. Political aspects
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Belov Vladislav
Published: March 2021

The events of 2020 had a significant impact on all aspects of political and economic cooperation between Germany and Russia. The year began with a constructive political dialogue on a number of different international issues. However, in the second half of the year, when the FRG was the chairman of the Council of the European Union, it found itself in a deep crisis. The main reason is the so-called «The Navalny factor». At the same time, Berlin proposed to build relations with Russia in the field of security from a position of strength. The coronavirus pandemic has prompted Berlin and Moscow to restrict capital and labor mobility. In the spring, there was a sharp drop in world oil prices. This negatively affected the mutual trade flows. The volume of foreign trade has dropped significantly. Against this background, the investment activity of German companies in the Russian regions has been continued. A new area of cooperation has emerged – hydrogen energy. In September 2020, the Year of Germany began in Russia, and in December – the cross Year of Economy and Sustainable Development. In the first part, the author analyzes the political results of 2020 and the beginning of 2021 and assesses the medium-term prospects of German-Russian cooperation in the field of politics. The second part deals with the economic aspects of cooperation
Japan in 2020
Authors: Liff Adam P.
Published: March 2021

Japan’s leaders began 2020 with grand ambitions to make it a historic year. Tokyo was set to welcome the world for the Summer Olympics, Japan’s first since 1964, and Abe Shinzō, the powerful prime minister, planned to realize his party’s 65-year-old dream: revising Japan’s never-amended, US-drafted 1947 constitution. By spring, however, it was clear that COVID-19 had other plans. Despite public health outcomes better than in any other G7 member, daily life was severely disrupted, and the domestic political and economic fallout for Japan was significant. By late summer, circumstances were improving, but both Abe’s popularity and his personal health had suffered. He resigned in September, ending the longest prime-ministership in Japanese history. Though COVID-19 and the end of the Abe Era were the major storylines of Japan in 2020, a subplot was, paradoxically, remarkable continuity in national politics and foreign affairs.
Activities of Pedagogical Educational Institutions of the Krasnoyarsk Region on Preparing Teachers for National Schools in the 1930s
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Belova Elena Nikolaevna , Romanova Natalia Sergeevna ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: March 2021

The relevance of the study is determined by the modernization of education, the surge of national self-awareness in the regions of the country and insufficient knowledge of the historical experience of training teachers for national schools in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the 1930s. In this regard, the historical experience of the Soviet period of training teachers as carriers of the culture of the peoples of Khakassia and the Krasnoyarsk North for national schools is of great interest. The purpose of the article is to characterize the experience of training teachers for national schools in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the 1930s. Methodology and research methods. To solve the set research tasks, the following were used: historical-retrospective, historical-reconstructive, historical-typological, comparative-historical, systemic-structural, chronological, historical-genetic methods, analysis and generalization. Results. The results of the study consist in identifying the historical experience of several educational institutions of professional pedagogical education in the region in training teachers for national schools in Khakassia and the Krasnoyarsk North, identifying problems and obstacles in the training of pedagogical personnel. In the 1930s, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the task of training pedagogues for national schools was solved in 3 pedagogical colleges and a pedagogical institute at special departments and in the form of additional classes. By the 1940s, this activity was discontinued for a number of reasons: lack of funding, the remoteness of educational institutions from national schools, lack of methodological experience for governing structures, and the policy of Russification of the population in the second half of the 1930s.
Strategies of Coping Behavior Depending on the Peculiarities of Creativity in Students of Different Specialties
Authors:   Saratov State University, Hutoryanskaya Tatiana Valentinovna
Published: March 2021

The work is devoted to the study of coping behavior strategies depending on the characteristics of creativity in students of different specialties. Purpose of the article. The aim of the study is to identify coping behavior strategies depending on the characteristics of creativity among students of humanitarian and technical specialties. Research methodology and methods. The results of an empirical study carried out on a sample of students of the Saratov National Research State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky city of Saratov (group 1 – n=50, 18–23 years old, students of humanitarian specialties; group 2 – n=50, 18–23 years old, students of technical specialties) using diagnostic tools: a test for coping behavior of R. Lazarus ( Kryukova, 2007); methodology «Coping behavior in stressful situations» (S. Norman, D. F. Endler, D. A. James, M. I. Parker; adapted version by T. A. Kryukova); COPE stress coping questionnaire (K. Carver, M. Scheyer, J. Weintraub; adaptation by T. O. Gordeeva, E. N. Osin, E. A.Rasskazova, O. A. Sychev, V. Yu. Shevyakhova); Mednik’s verbal creativity test (RAT), adult version, adaptation by A. N. Voronin; test of verbal creativity by J. Guildford; method for diagnosing non–verbal creativity (adaptation of the Guildford and Torrance test, subtest «Completion of figures» by A. N. Voronin). Research results. It was found that there are significant differences between creativity and coping strategies among students of humanitarian and technical specialties, and there is also a significant connection between creativity and coping behavior. Conclusion. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results by educational psychologists in the course of practical work with students in the search for new ways of adapting to changing reality and using creativity as a resource that allows constructively coping with stress.
Robotic grasping with obstacle avoidance using octrees
Authors:   National Technical University ''Dnipro Polytechnic'', V.V. Rud
Published: March 2021

This paper considers the problems of the integration of independent manipulator control systems. Areas of control of the manipulator are: recognition of objects and obstacles, identification of objects to be grasped, determination of reliable positions by the grasping device, planning of movement of the manipulator to certain positions with avoidance of obstacles, and recognition of slipping or determination of reliable grasping. This issue is a current problem primarily in industry, general-purpose robots, and experimental robots. This paper considers current publications that address these issues. Existing algorithms and approaches have been found in the management of both parts of the robot manipulator and solutions that combine several areas, or the integration of several existing approaches. There is a brief review of current literature and publications on the above algorithms and approaches. The advantages and disadvantages of the considered methods and approaches are determined. There are solutions that cover either some areas or only one of them, which does not meet the requirements of the problem. Using existing approaches, integration points of existing implementations are identified to get the best results. In the process, a system was developed that analyzes the environment, finds obstacles, objects for interaction, poses for grasping, plans the movement of the manipulator to a specific position, and ensures reliable grasping of the object. The next step was to test the system, test the performance, and adjust the parameters for the best results. The resulting system was developed by the research team of RT-Lions, Technik University, Reutlingen. The hardware research robot includes an Intel Realsense camera, a Sawyer Arm manipulator from Rethink Robotics, and an internally grabbing device.
The criterion of arising motion conflict of unmanned vehicles during implementing transportation plan in intelligent urban passenger transportation system
Authors:   Brest State Technical University, A.V. Shviatsova , V.N. Shuts ,   Brest State Technical University
Published: March 2021

The proposed article is devoted to the description of an intelligent urban passenger transport system based on unmanned electric vehicles, sequentially moving along a separate line. This system is a passenger transport system of a new urban mobility, formed under the influence of social conditions generated by high population density in cities, that suppose the development of pedestrian zones and ecological modes of transport, "transport as a service", etc. In this historical context, public transport systems acquire special relevance. The described transport system belongs to intelligent systems, since it is capable of functioning in autonomous mode without human intervention, adaptively responding to changes in the dynamics of the flow of passengers during the day. Passengers are transported by electric cars, which can be combined into cassettes according to the principle of road trains based on the transportation plan drawn up by the intelligent center of the transport system according to the matrix of correspondences, filled in taking into account the incoming requests for service from passengers. When drawing up a transportation plan, the algorithms of the transport system give preference to transportation according to the "source-destination" principle, that is, when the passenger goes to the destination with a minimum number of intermediate stops, and ideally without them. The paper formulates also a criterion of arising of a conflict in the movement of vehicles, which allows to identify situations when an electric vehicle driving in front can detain vehicles following after. The work has relevance because the criterion will allow to make adjustments in the schedule of movement of vehicles and exclude the loss of time and energy that carries the transport system during braking and acceleration of electric cars, as well as to reduce waiting time and travel of passengers.
A novel nanoindentation protocol to characterize surface free energy of superhydrophobic nanopatterned materials
Authors: Rossi E. M. , Phani P. Sudharshan , Guillemet R. , Cholet Julie , Jussey Doriane , Oliver W. C. , Sebastiani M.
Published: March 2021

Surface Free Energy (SFE) has become a relevant design parameter to produce materials and devices with controlled wettability. The non-destructive measurement of SFE in nanopatterned super-hydrophobic hard surfaces is a challenge in both research and industry since in most cases time-consuming contact angle measurements are not feasible. In this work, we present a novel nanoindentation based method for the measurement of pull-off adhesive forces by carefully controlling environmental and instrumentation issues. The method is found to measure SFE over five orders of magnitude, covering hydrophilic to super-hydrophobic surfaces, and has been validated with contact angle measurements. Its limitations and shortcomings are critically discussed, with a specific focus on the experimental issues that could affect the reliability and reproducibility of the results. Finally, the potential applications of the newly developed methodology include fast non-destructive mapping of SFE over heterogeneous surfaces with spatially controlled wettability.

Graphic abstract
„Czerwona konnica”. Stan organizacyjny kawalerii RKKA od połowy lat 30. do momentu wybuchu wojny niemiecko-sowieckiej w czerwcu 1941 r.
Authors:   Prof. dr hab., Katedra Historii Wojskowej Instytutu Historii i Archiwistyki Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polska, Smoliński Aleksander
Published: March 2021

The cavalry of the Workers ’and Peasants ’Red Army was an important component, meant mostly for offensive purposes. As a result, for the whole period from the end of Russian Civil War to the outbreak of German-Soviet war in June 1941 work was being done on the development of its large units, like brigades, divisions and corps – and even mounted armies. Ways to use them on a modern battlefield were searched for, in order to for them to cooperate with modern mechanized and armoured formations. That is why the author, based on archival sources and plentiful subject literaturemainly Russian, presented its state of organization and size, as well as the changes which occurred in the second half of the 1930’s and on the eve of the Great Patriotic War from 1941–1945.
Powstanie kawalerii SS Totenkopf i jej rola w niemieckiej polityce okupacyjnej na ziemiach polskich w latach 1939–1941
Authors:   Mgr, doktorant w Instytucie Historii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach, Polska, Dybek Jarosław
Published: March 2021

The topic of the article is one of the German SS regiments stationed in occupied Poland and its role in The German occupation policy. While the history of the SS formation is very well known in both academic and popular science literature, its cavalry has not been elaborated in great detail thus far. Although this topic seems interesting, it has not yet been discussed in any book in the Polish language. Most of the literature related to this topic was published in German and English. The 1st SS Death’s Head Cavalry Regiment operated primarily in the General Government and was under the Higher SS and Police Command. Some of its squadrons also operated in areas annexed to the Reich, i.e. the Warta Voievodship (Reichsgau Wartheland). From this article we will learn about the formation of the SS Death’s Head cavalry and its gradual inclusion in the brutal occupation policy of the Third Reich in Poland. In the case of its formation, we are dealing with tasks such as combating the early partisan units, searching for weapons, participating in the creation of ghettos, or helping to eliminate Polish levels of the intelligentsia. Noteworthy is the participation of this unit in the production of the propaganda film “Kampfgeschwader Lützow”, in which Polish cavalrymen were presented attacking German tanks with sabres. This false image was reproduced after the war in some movies or books, and contributed to the distorted presentation of Polish soldiers in the defensive battles of 1939.
„Historia i Nauka o Konstytucji” (1953–1957) – egzemplifikacja czasu historycznego. Aspekty polityczne, metodologiczne i edukacyjne
Authors:   Prof. dr hab., profesor UJK, Zakład Historii XX wieku, Instytut Historii, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego, Kielce, Polska, Wójcik-Łagan Hanna
Published: March 2021

The periodical publication for history teachers titled “The History of and Teachings on the Constitution” (1953–1957) constitutes an interesting historical source that explains the relationship between the science of history and history lessons in the period of the “new beginning”, i.e. the implementation and subsequent embedding of Marxist concepts in historiographic research and teachings. The featured bimonthly had a significant influence on “injecting” the Marxist ideology in school environments. It was the dispenser of theoretical directives aimed at affecting school practices. The magazine was a propaganda tool used in order to shape specific opinions and attitudes of the collective and individual people subject to intellectual and emotional manipulation. It constitutes a rich resource in the topic of post-war Polish historiography of the 1950s. The magazine explains the methodological grounds inspired by Marxism as well as clarifying the determinants of the socialist model of history taught at school, in its substantive and ideological as well as didactic and pedagogical aspects.
Nowe pokolenie dysydentów? Sytuacja obrońców praw człowieka i LGBT w Rosji – perspektywa współczesna
Authors:   Dr, Katedra Studiów Wschodnich, Wydział Historii, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, Poznań, Polska, Lachowicz Magdalena , Smólczyńska-Wiechetek Agnieszka ,   Dr, Katedra Studiów Wschodnich, Wydział Historii, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, Poznań, Polska
Published: March 2021

The brutal repression of human rights defenders and representatives of LGBT groups in Russia increased between 2014 and 2020. This was preceded by a tightening of control over activism, protests, social movements and the sphere of public information, as well as a tightening of institutional control over the so-called “third sector” and the introduction of a structured, increasingly restrictive legal instrument. All of these actions were aimed at creating a top-down system of human rights. As a result, this led to an increasing number of persecuted groups operating from the second half of the 1960s in the USSR, a form of resistance that was dissident. The purpose of the analyses conducted in this article is to identify mechanisms that can lead to open and peaceful resistance activities, mechanisms that allow human rights defenders and LGBT activists in Russia to be active on issues whose relevance crosses administrative boundaries, and solutions that allow them to participate in an area of solidarity irrespective of political boundaries.
Social action in Suroan tradition in Javanese Society
Authors:   Master of Social Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia, Fadlan Muhammad , Sudjarwo  ,   Lecturer at Master of Social Science Education Progam, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia, Sinaga Risma Margaretha ,   Lecturer at Master of Social Science Education Progam, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia
Published: March 2021

Suroan is known as a tradition which resulting from acculturation between the Saka and Islamic calendar. This tradition is performed to beg blessings and protections from misery and disasters. The implementation of Suroan became a custom in society, involving some trusted agents through social actions. However, most of Suroan performed in society is not in accordance with its true meaning. Regarding this problem, the purpose of this research is to obtain the action in the Suroan tradition. The method used is descriptive qualitative, while the kind of research is ethnography using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The data was collected through interview and observation in Bangunharjo, Taman Sari village. The result shows that social actions performed by Bangunharjo society are: a) traditional action through Suroan implementation is performed; b) affective action in a form of burial of the goat’s head, group prayers and puppet shows; c) instrument rational action in a form of physic, material, and emotional involving; d) rational action of value in a form of ubarampe. Thus, it can be concluded that Bangunharjo society still conserves the Suroan tradition.
ON THE PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF THE LIENARD EQUATION
Authors:   Perm Natio­nal Research Polytechnic University, Abdullaev Abdula , Savochkina Anna ,   Perm Natio­nal Research Polytechnic University
Published: March 2021

Mathematical modeling of many problems of natural science leads to the need to study quasi-linear boundary value problems for functional differential equations with a linear part that is not uniquely solvable for all right-hand parts. The specificity of such problems is that the corresponding linear operator is not reversible. In the literature, such boundary value problems are usually called resonant. Since the 70s of the last century, the development of methods for studying resonant boundary value problems considered as a single operator equation has begun. A very important area of research from the point of view of applications is the application of General statements to the study of periodic boundary value problems for functional differential equations. The existence problem is considered ω - a periodic solution of the Lienard equation with a deviating argument of the form It is assumed that the function p ( t ) is measurable and Using an approach based on the application of theoretical existence for a quasilinear operator equation, sufficient conditions can be obtained in the work, at least one ω - a periodic solution must correspond to the equations. The obtained result refines some well-known results for the Lienard equations. Execution conditions decisions do not affect the existence of solutions.
CONTINUOUS SCHEDULING IN CONDITIONS OF MASS WELL CONSTRUCTION. PART 2
Authors:   V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalanov Georgiy , Titov Nikolay ,   LTD “NVP MODEM”, Shibeko Victor ,   Sukhoi State Technical University of Gomel
Published: March 2021

In the first part of the work, a model of continuous scheduling of the construction of a group of wells using dedicated labor resources and technical means was described. A multi-stage combinatorial algorithm for finding an effective work schedule based on dynamic programming and aggregation methods is proposed. This part uses a simple numerical example to analyze the practical effectiveness of combinatorial search algorithms depending on the availability of information about the flow rate of new wells. It is characteristic that the calendar plans obtained with the help of software-implemented combinatorial search algorithms are consistent with the generally understood methods of drawing up "manual" schedules. This fact makes it possible to reduce the dimension of combinatorial analysis problems in a controlled way. A multiplicative formula for calculating the well construction time is proposed taking into account its complexity and the skills of the drilling crew. Quantitative performance indicators are formulated that allow the selection of alternative calendar plans. The screening procedure for “clone” solutions using the Hamming distance matrix is described.
RESEARCH AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE APPLICATION OF THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS IN THE FIELD OF BUDGETING AT THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Ananyev Kirill
Published: March 2021

The article uses the analytic hierarchy process as an example of a management decision support system in the field of approving an enterprise budget. The process of solving the problem by the above method is described. The strengths and weaknesses of this method are considered, based on the most important problems, the following studies are carried out: the dependence of the matrix consistency is studied and the sensitivity of priorities is examined on the total number of criteria. The conclusions obtained because of the research are formulated, recommendations are given on the application of the method.
CONTROL OF A COMPLEX OBJECTS, STATES OF WHICH ARE DESCRIBING BY THE MATRIX RATING MECHANISM
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Alekseev Aleksander
Published: March 2021

The control problem of a multi-criteria object is considered. Controlled object that has several criteria that are significant for a decision maker. Each criterion characterizes a control object in terms of a particular result of activity or an efficiency indicator. To evaluate the effectiveness of the functioning of the managed facility as a whole, the rating matrix mechanism is used, taking into account all the criteria in the complex. The optimal control problem is formulated as a search for the values ​​of aggregated criteria that provide a given value of a complex indicator with minimal costs for providing values ​​of particular criteria. The generalized cost function was reduced to an equation with one variable. The analytical equation of the level line of the indicator aggregated as a result of the convolution of two criteria is obtained. The line equation is found for an arbitrary binary convolution matrix, including the elements of which are given continuous values. It is shown that the objective function is reduced to a fourth-order polynomial, which can be analytically solved using the Ferrari or Descartes-Euler methods. It is shown that the task of searching for the values of two particular criteria describing the state of the control object for which the complex indicator calculated using the additive-multiplicative approach to complex assessment is equal to the given value and the costs for their provision are minimal, has a solution in general form for arbitrary nondecreasing convolution matrix of two criteria. Particular solutions to the control problem are found using costly functions, which are the inverse function of the Cobb-Douglas production function. It was shown that the cost function of the aggregate indicator has additional terms and is described by an algebraic equation with nonzero coefficients for variables and an additional constant. Based on what it was concluded that the cost functions, which are the inverse function e of the Cobb-Douglas production function, can be applied to control objects that have only two criteria. A similar formulation of the control problem for an arbitrary non-decreasing convolution matrix of two criteria is considered when using the additive-multiplicative approach to aggregation and when using cost functions described by a second-order algebraic equation in general form. As a result of the study, it is shown that the form of the cost function for the aggregated indicator is preserved. Thus, using cost functions in the form of second-order equations, the control problem has a solution in the general form for any number of criteria.
TECHNO-HUMANITARIAN VIEW ON PROBLEMS OF PROJECTIVE MANAGEMENT IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Kharitonov Valerii , Krivogina Dar’ia ,   Perm Natio­nal Research Polytechnic University, Spirina Varvara ,   Perm Natio­nal Research Polytechnic University, Salamatina Anna ,   Perm Natio­nal Research Polytechnic University
Published: March 2021

The analysis of the dynamics of the function intellectualization control agents’ development, which depends on the stages of formation and changes of technological structures in modern society, is presented. Sequential intellectualization of production factors associated with the development of skills management entities in the field of solving complex problems of choice, convergence of sciences in the techno-humanitarian space, as well as projective thinking – displaying mental variables on a variety of technical properties and characteristics of material objects in socio-economic systems. The article also shows that the main personal factors, the development of which should direct the attention of society, are the ability of a person, his education and mind (thinking). It is prove that their development requires special decision support tools that will ensure transparency, documentability and providing responsibility for possible consequences and attempts to manipulate the results of the choice. It also requires the desire and readiness of the management subject to internal and external interdisciplinary interaction between various scientific fields. The principles of projective control technology with feedback are being develop as a correction of the technical parameters of objects in accordance with the results of projective thinking. A number of classifiers for a variety of humanitarian ideas are introduce, represented by anthropic principles, contradictory attitudes, and various heuristics that can be strictly described by means of predicate calculus. They include the formation of algebraic systems based on modified subject-oriented operations of superposition and composition, as well as displays of ordinal scales on the relationship of scale to correct the parameters of artificial intelligence, modeling choice problem solution set of alternatives to the production process. The model example is given.
REQUIRED OPTIMALITY CONDITIONS IN ONE OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM WITH MULTIPOINT FUNCTIONAL
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Rasulzade Shahla ,   Institute of Control Systems of Azerbaijan NAS
Published: March 2021

One specific optimal control problem with distributed parameters of the Moskalenko type with a multipoint quality functional is considered. To date, the theory of necessary first-order optimality conditions such as the Pontryagin maximum principle or its consequences has been sufficiently developed for various optimal control problems described by ordinary differential equations, i.e. for optimal control problems with lumped parameters. Many controlled processes are described by various partial differential equations (processes with distributed parameters). Some features are inherent in optimal control problems with distributed parameters, and therefore, when studying the optimal control problem with distributed parameters, in particular, when deriving various necessary optimality conditions, non-trivial difficulties arise. In particular, in the study of cases of degeneracy of the established necessary optimality conditions, fundamental difficulties arise. In the present work, we study one optimal control problem described by a system of first-order partial differential equations with a controlled initial condition under the assumption that the initial function is a solution to the Cauchy problem for ordinary differential equations. The objective function (quality criterion) is multi-point. Therefore, it becomes necessary to introduce an unconventional conjugate equation, not in differential (classical), but in integral form. In the work, using one version of the increment method, using the explicit linearization method of the original system, the necessary optimality condition is proved in the form of an analog of the maximum principle of L.S. Pontryagin. It is known that the maximum principle of L.S. Pontryagin for various optimal control problems is the strongest necessary condition for optimality. But the principle of a maximum of L.S. Pontryagin, being a necessary condition of the first order, often degenerates. Such cases are called special, and the corresponding management, special management. Based on these considerations, in the considered problem, we study the case of degeneration of the maximum principle of L.S. Pontryagin for the problem under consideration. For this purpose, a formula for incrementing the quality functional of the second order is constructed. By introducing auxiliary matrix functions, it was possible to obtain a second-order increment formula that is constructive in nature. The necessary optimality condition for special controls in the sense of the maximum principle of L.S. Pontryagin is proved. The proved necessary optimality conditions are explicit.
METHODS FOR PRESENTING PETRI NETS MODELING RESULTS OF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Sochnev Aleksei
Published: March 2021

The article considers the issues of presenting the results of simulation experiments with models based on Petri nets for a researcher. The need for a qualitative review of the applied methods for visualizing Petri nets of both the processes themselves and the modeling results has been identified and justified. An analysis of publications on the subject of Petri nets allowed us to conclude that the visualization of such models and the results of their modeling is a known weak point. It is this factor that significantly limits the use of Petri nets as a tool for solving practical problems. The characteristic features of the calendar planning problem and the applied forms of presenting the results of its solution are analyzed. Based on the analysis of literary sources and empirical data, the feasibility of solving the planning problem on the basis of preliminary simulation modeling by Petri nets is substantiated. The method of automatic formation of Gantt diagrams is formalized. The mechanisms for identifying the state of system resources by transitions of the network model are determined. In developing the approach, the attributes and characteristics of its elements already existing in the simulation network model were used to the maximum. An example of using the proposed approach based on the model of a typical robotic technological complex is given. According to the results of the experiment, it was revealed that the software implementation of the described formal rules does not significantly affect the speed of model simulation for the presented robotic system. The proposed approach has the same versatility as the mathematical apparatus used timed Petri nets. This allows us to describe the results of modeling systems and processes of different types, for example, transport or information. An important advantage of the implemented mechanism for the connection of Petri nets and Gantt diagrams is the transfer of the dynamic nature of networks to the process analysis procedures based on diagrams. There is also the possibility of introducing stochastic characteristics of the processes both in the simulation model and in the generated Gantt diagram. The direction of further research on the topic of the article may be the application and corresponding refinement of the obtained formal rules for simulating a network with identification of resources for other classes of Petri nets often used in practice, for example, color Petri nets or E-nets.
SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF INCOMPLETE INFORMATION ABOUT AN AUTOMATIC CONTROL OBJECT BASED ON REAL-TIME VIRTUAL SENSORS
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Kuznetsova Tat'iana , Avgustinovich Valerii ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: March 2021

Modern automatic control systems use built-in mathematical models for estimation of unmeasured by the direct methods parameters such as NOX emission in aeroengine low-emission combustion chamber. The two models of NOX emissions virtual sensor built into the controller are proposed. A stochastic nonlinear mathematical model is based on the Zeldovich equation. It applies the superposition principle of NOX production in diffusion and homogeneous flames. Probability density distribution functions of the air-fuel mixture concentration in these flames take into account both of a spatial non-uniformity of the mixture composition and a harmonic component of the acoustic waves generated by the heat release. The concept of integral relations models has been developed with the use of numerical modeling of spatial and temporal non-uniformities of the air-fuel mixture concentration (4D-metamodeling) and available experimental data. Another virtual sensor model is based on the neural network predicting NOX emission in gas turbine combustion chamber. The example of a neural network and results of its training on a real combustion chamber is presented. It is shown that the two or three-layer neural network having 20–30 neurons provides an acceptable error (not exceeding 10 %) of the NOX emission display and can be used as a virtual emission sensor in an engine control system. The normalized level of NOx emission per take-off and landing cycle is considered as a target function of the automatic control of low-emission combustion. To estimate the level of NOX emission a built-in virtual sensor is proposed.
APPLICATION OF IDEF0 METHODOLOGY FOR CREATION OF A FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Maksimiak Irina
Published: March 2021

New information technologies penetrate all areas of the modern economy, including organizations of higher education. Ways to improve the management process of educational activities of a higher educational institution considered. It is advisable to reorganize the educational process at the management system of the university to improve the quality of specialist education. The urgent task is to build a holistic model of the educational institution management system. In the framework of the consideration of theoretical aspects, definitions of the concepts “system” and “system model” given, and it also indicated why the system model developed and what it describes. The general structure of the model of the university’s educational activities management system is presented, which includes the main subsystems: “Educational process planning”, “Educational process management”, “Monitoring the educational process,” including processes and subprocesses. The results of this study presented in table form. The theoretical aspects of the IDEF0 notation of the SADT methodology considered. The feasibility of applying this methodology to create a functional model of the educational process of a higher educational institution is substantiated. The rationality of using IDEF0 modelling for conducting a complex (structural-functional) analysis of the educational process management system of an educational institution argued based on the main advantages of the named methodology. The presented structure of the system allows obtaining a general idea of ​​its elements and relationships between them. Functional charts of the main business processes of managing the educational activities of the university are given. The presented functional models reflect the structure and functions of the system, as well as the flows of information and material objects converted by these functions. The functional model for managing educational activity is constructed from the perspective of the administration because the model purpose is to analyze the business processes of a higher educational institution, that are part of the complex of managerial tasks facing the university’s leadership. This paper presents the developed functional model of the subsystem “Planning the educational process”, which includes IDEF0 charts of several levels. The top-level chart - the context chart - is detailed by child charts containing subprocesses, functions and specific procedures, as well as incoming and outgoing data flows, control information and resources. The article presents an integrated approach to the study of the system "Management of educational activities of the university". The given study allows us to select the main ways of improving key management processes of the educational activities of the institution, in particular, to optimize the transition from “patchwork” university informatization to integrated management of the entire system as a whole.
AGREEMENT CONCEPT FOR DECISION-MAKING IN MANAGING PROJECT OF RESIDENTIAL REPAIR BASED ON THE MULTI-MODEL ASSESSMENT MECHANISMS AND FORECASTING PARAMETERS
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Safonov Nikita
Published: March 2021

Decision-making concept managing facilities tasks in field of housing and communal services is discussed. This concept characterized by the human factor significant consideration. This approach can affect the class socio-economic systems effectiveness level. The optimal project selection is based on the coordination and consideration the preferences of all interested parties for changing property state. Mechanism application for the comprehensive assessment of characteristics in a multifactorial space, which are subject to optimization in the presence of restrictions is based by the selection process, The operating procedure of the organizational system for managing housing repair projects is considered. A conceptual model for coordinating decision-making in the managing housing repair projects tasks is formulated, its main provisions are presented. The concept use original mechanisms for reconciling the interests of key decision-makers in various stages of repair and restoration work project management. Estimating and predicting mechanisms of the estate object parameters, due to in fact they form the information basis of all targeted choice subsequent steps. In the second part of the article they are in more detail presented. Matrix of direct and transitive relations of coordination between the active elements of the organizational system under consideration has been developed for systematize the required coordination mechanisms. Transitive relationships can be multivariate in depending on the contextual complexity of the organizational system, it raises the question of target choice on a variety of alternatives, that differ in the degree of influence on the organizational system and the complexity of implementation. Possible options are formulated for the problem of estimating the characteristics parameters of real estate building structures. Fuzzy active examination procedure is formulated for cases where the statements of experts may differ from each other in a subjective attitude to the quantitative assessment of the results of visual observation, based on generalized median schemes, characterized by a more accurate establishment of the agreed results of characteristics of building structures assessing in conducting technical expertise process. Possible options are formulated for the problem of the forecasting characteristics parameters of real estate building structures. For each of the three options for setting the problem is illustrated the procedure for building structures parameters predicting changes. Modification of the extrapolation method is proposed, implemented by Steve Jobs taking combining creativity and manufacturability according into accounts the logistic physical wear curves.
ON ASYMPTOTIC PROPERTIES OF THE CAUCHY FUNCTION FOR AUTONOMOUS FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION OF NEUTRAL TYPE
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Malygina Vera , Chudinov Kirill ,   Perm Natio­nal Research Polytechnic University
Published: March 2021

We investigate stability of a linear autonomous functional differential equation of neutral type. The basis of the study is the well-known explicit solution representation formula including an integral operator, the kernel of which is called the Cauchy function of the equation under study. It is shown that the definitions of Lyapunov, asymptotic and exponential stabilities can be formulated without loss of generality in terms of the corresponding properties of the Cauchy function. The conclusion is drawn that stability with respect to initial data depends on the functional space which the initial function belongs to, and, as a consequence, that there is the need to indicate this space in the definition of stability. It is shown that, along with the concept of asymptotic stability, a certain stronger property should be introduced, which we call strong asymptotic stability. The main study is devoted to stability with respect to initial function from spaces of integrable functions. Special attention is paid to the study of asymptotic and exponential stability. We use the following known properties of the Cauchy function of an equation of neutral type: this function is piecewise continuous, and its jumps are determined by a Cauchy problem for a linear difference equation. We obtain that the strong asymptotic stability of the equation under consideration for initial data from the space L1 is equivalent to an exponential estimate of the Cauchy function and; moreover, we show that these properties are equivalent to the exponential stability with respect to initial data from the spaces Lp for all p from 1 to infinity inclusive. However, we show that strong asymptotic stability with respect to the initial data from the space Lp for p greater than one may not coincide with exponential stability.
FUNCTIONAL DATA PREPROCESSING APPLICATION TO OIL-TRANSFER PUMPS VIBRATION PARAMETERS FORECASTING
Authors:   Perm State University, Okunev Alexander
Published: March 2021

This work describes functional data preprocessing algorithm. This algorithm provides a way to reduce error in forecasting problems solution. The algorithm is a part of oil-transfer pumps vibration parameters forecasting system that enables pump failures dynamics forecasting. The author analyses existing approaches to vibration monitoring and decides to solve failure-forecasting problem as a long-term forecasting problem although researchers usually solve such problems with classification methods. An insufficiency of labeled data is the main reason of such a decision. Main ideas of the problem solution are the following. Neural network model takes and calculates periodical metered values characteristics. Time is split into periods using scales with different periods. We use shorter periods for short-term forecasting and longer periods for long-term forecasting. Functional data preprocessing provides a way to increase forecasting quality. Preprocessing key idea is following. Functions sequence transforms one of model’s inputs in order to increase correlation between input and output. Metered values distributions and dependencies between values can be variant because of observed time series nonstationarity. Author decided to modify original preprocessing algorithm to solve a nonstationarity problem. Idea of the modification is to add steps that provide preprocessing robustness i.e. allow to reduce difference between preprocessing results on different datasets. Preliminary preprocessing functions selection provides robustness. There are two variants of preliminary selection. The first one is following: function with the least difference between correlations between input and output in data subsets pass the selection. The second one is following: functions that increase correlation on both subsets pass the selection. Experiments on two pumps data prove the hypothesis that data preprocessing in vast majority of cases allows to decrease forecasting error. Modified algorithm often has less test error than original one.