bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of milrinone on mortality in adult patients: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Ren Yu-shan , Li Lan-fang , Peng Tao , Tan Yu-jun , Sun Ying , Cheng Guo-liang , Zhang Gui-min , Li Jie
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE: Milrinone is commonly used for patients performed coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) because of its effectiveness in decreasing cardiac index and mitral regurgitation. This study was to perform a systematic meta-analysis of existing studies in the past 20 years to evaluate the impact of milrinone on mortality in patients undergoing CABG surgery. EASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The network meta-analysis included 723 patients from 16 randomized clinical trials. Overall, there was no significantly difference in mortality between the milrinone group and the placebo/standard care group [11/352 (3.13%) vs. 9/346 (2.60%), risk ratio = 1.18 (0.53–2.62), p for effect = 0.69, I 2 = 0 %] when patients underwent CABG surgery. Besides that, 9 trials (with 440 randomized patients), 4 trials (with 212 randomized patients), and 10 trials (with 470 randomized patients) reported that the occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI), myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmias in the milrinone group were decreased in comparsion with the placebo/standard care group, respectively. Between the milrinone treatment and placebo/standard care groups, the occurrence of myocardial infarction was [5/219 (2.28 %) vs. 25/212 (17.79 %), odds ratio(OR) = 0.19 (0.08–0.49), p value = 0.0005, I 2 = 5%], the occurrence of myocardial ischemia was [12/106 (11.32 %) vs. 41/106 (36.68 %), OR = 0.20 (0.10–0.42), p value <0.0001, I 2 = 0 %], and the occurrence of arrhythmias was [16/234 (6.84 %) vs. 31/236 (13.14 %), OR= 0.46 (0.24–0.88), p value = 0.02, I 2 =0 %]. However, the occurrence of stroke and renal failure, duration of inotropic support (h), need for intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), and mechanical ventilation (h) between these two groups showed no differences. CONCLUSION: Based on the current results, milrinone might be unable to decrease the mortality in adult CABG surgical patients, but can significantly ameliorate the occurrence of MI, myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmias compared with placebo-treated patients. These results provide evidence for further clinical application of milrinone and therapy strategies for CABG surgery. However, along with milrinone application in clinical use, sufficient randomized clinical trials need to be collected, and the potential benefit and adverse effects should be analyzed and reevaluated.
Prognostic Significance of Stem Cell/ Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers in Periampullary/Pancreatic Cancers: FGFR1 Is A Novel Marker.
Authors: Chong Yosep , Thakur Nishant , Paik Kwang Yeol , Lee Eun Jung , Kang Chang Suk
Published: October 2019

Background: Periampullary cancers (PAC) including pancreatic, ampulla of Vater (AOV), and common bile duct (CBD) cancers are highly aggressive with lack of useful prognostic markers beyond T stage. However, T staging can be biased due to the anatomic complexity of this region. Recently, several markers related to cancer stem cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) such as octamer transcription factor-4 (Oct4) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) respectively, have been proposed as new promising markers in other solid cancers. The aim of this study was to access the expression and prognostic significance of stem cell/EMT markers in PACs.Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of surgically excised PACs from the laboratory archives from 1998 to 2014 were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for stem cell/EMT markers using tissue microarray. The clinicopathologic parameters were documented and statistically analyzed with the immunohistochemical findings. Survival and recurrence data were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 126 PAC cases were evaluated. The average age was 63 years, with 76 male and 50 female patient samples. The overall survival was statistically related to old age (over 74 years), tumor epicenter (pancreas < CBD < AOV), T stage, tumor size, N stage, lymphatic, vascular, perineural invasion, histologic grade (differentiation), subtype (pancreaticobiliary type < intestinal type), degree of fibrosis, and inflammation. The expression levels of FGFR1 as well as CK20, CDX2, and VEGF were significantly related to overall survival while other stem cell markers were not related. Similar findings were observed for tumor recurrence using disease-free survival. Conclusions: In addition to other clinicopathologic parameters, the degree of fibrosis and expression of FGFR1 were novel markers for overall survival and tumor recurrence. Histologic changes such as extensive fibrosis needs to be investigated further in relation to EMT of PACs.
Germline whole exome sequencing of a family with appendiceal mucinous tumours presenting with pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Lung Mei Sim , Mitchell Catherine A. , Doyle Maria A. , Lynch Andrew C. , Gorringe Kylie L. , Bowtell David D.L. , Campbell Ian G. , Trainer Alison H.
Published: October 2019

Background Familial cases of appendiceal mucinous tumours (AMTs) are extremely rare and the underlying genetic aetiology uncertain. We identified potential predisposing germline genetic variants in a father and daughter with AMTs presenting with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) and correlated these with regions of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the tumours. Materials and Methods Through germline whole exome sequencing, we identified novel heterozygous loss-of-function (LoF) (i.e. nonsense, frameshift and essential splice site mutations) and missense variants shared between father and daughter, and validated all LoF variants, and missense variants with a Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) scaled score of ≥10. Genome-wide copy number analysis was performed on tumour tissue from both individuals to identify regions of LOH. Results Seventeen novel variants in 17 genes were shared by the father and daughter: a nonsense mutation in REEP5 , an essential splice site mutation in THOP1 , and 15 missense variants. None of these germline variants were located in tumour regions of LOH shared by the father and daughter. Four genes ( EXOG , RANBP2, RANBP6 and TNFRSF1B ) harboured missense variants that fell in a region of LOH in the tumour from the father only, but none showed somatic loss of the wild type allele in the tumour. The REEP5 gene was sequenced in 23 individuals with presumed sporadic PMP; no LoF or rare missense germline variants were identified. Conclusion Germline exome sequencing of a father and daughter with AMTs identified novel candidate predisposing genes. Further studies are required to clarify the role of these genes in familial AMTs.
Implementation and adoption of a health insurance support tool in the electronic health record: A mixed methods analysis within a randomized trial
Authors: Hatch Brigit , Tillotson Carrie , Huguet Nathalie , Marino Miguel , Baron Andrea , Nelson Joan , Sumic Aleksandra , Cohen Deborah , DeVoe Jennifer
Published: October 2019

Background: In addition to delivering vital health care to millions of patients in the United States, community health centers (CHCs) provide needed health insurance outreach and enrollment support to their communities. We developed a health insurance enrollment tracking tool integrated within the electronic health record (EHR) and conducted a hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial in a CHC-based research network to assess tool adoption using two implementation strategies. Methods: CHCs were recruited from the OCHIN practice-based research network. Seven health center systems (23 CHC clinic sites) were recruited and randomized to receive basic educational materials alone (Arm 1), or these materials plus facilitation (Arm 2) during the 18-month study period, September 2016-April 2018. Facilitation consisted of monthly contacts with clinic staff and utilized audit and feedback and guided improvement cycles. We measured total and monthly tool utilization from the EHR. We conducted structured interviews of CHC staff to assess factors associated with tool utilization. Qualitative data were analyzed using an immersion-crystallization approach with barriers and facilitators identified using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results: The majority of CHCs in both study arms adopted the enrollment tool. The rate of tool utilization was, on average, higher in Arm 2 compared to Arm 1 (20.0% versus 4.7%, p <0.01). However, by the end of the study period, the rate of tool utilization was similar in both arms; and observed between-arm differences in tool utilization were largely driven by a single, large health center in Arm 2. Perceived relative advantage of the tool was the key factor identified by clinic staff as driving tool utilization. Implementation climate and leadership engagement were also associated with tool utilization. Conclusions: Using basic education materials and low-intensity facilitation, CHCs quickly adopted an EHR-based tool to support critical outreach and enrollment activities aimed at improving access to health insurance in their communities. Though facilitation carried some benefit, a CHC’s perceived relative advantage of the tool was the primary driver of decisions to implement the tool. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02355262, Posted February 4, 2015
A Review on Barriers to Sustainable Telemedicine Implementation in Ethiopia
Authors: Sagaro Getu Gamo Gamo , BATTINENI GOPI , AMENTA FRANCESCO
Published: October 2019

Background Different studies showed that the use of telemedicine is effective in reducing hospital burden, suffer from patients, need of transports, hospital fear, save the money and time, and increasing the quality of healthcare. However, the implementation of telemedicine countenances different challenges in developing countries generally and in Ethiopia, particular.Objective This review aims to evaluate barriers which affecting sustainable telemedicine implementation in Ethiopia through analyses of the published works since 2010.Methods We conducted this review by extracting data from different databases, including MEDLINE, PubMed Central, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Academic Search Ultimate, and Africa-Wide Information. We analyzed finally 12 articles from the above databases based on our eligibility criteria and identified different barriers found in studies. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRSIMA 2009) checklist for this review.Results We identified 23 barriers through 11 articles and classified barriers into organizational, users, and staff and programmers’ barriers. Accordingly, organizational, users’, and staff and programmer barriers were 11 (48%), 7 (30%) and 5 (22%), respectively with the frequency of occurrence through 11 articles and the results organized into table and figureConclusions Infrastructure and cost were the most frequently reported barriers, and staff resistance to change was also the critical factor. Inadequate availability Infrastructure and resistance to change could be overcome through training, creating awareness, strengthening Medicare reimbursement regulations and health care insurance programs, allocating budget for new technology and purchase, strong support and follow up, change management techniques.
Building research capacity in musculoskeletal health: qualitative evaluation of a graduate Nurse and Allied Health Professional internship programme
Authors: Wright David , Fry Mary , Adams Jo , Bowen Catherine
Published: October 2019

Background: Evidence based practice enhances service planning and delivery, clinical decision making and patient care. However, health professionals often lack the time and opportunity to access or generate evidence. Research capacity building is thus an important mechanism for improving health service delivery. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a Nurse and Allied Health Professional musculoskeletal research internship programme and explores the experiences of interns and their mentors. Methods: Sixteen new graduates completed the internship programme (September 2015 – August 2018). Twelve interns and thirteen mentors participated in the evaluation. The evaluation used qualitative asynchronous email-based interviews to explore the experiences of interns and mentors. Interpretive phenomenological analysis of coded transcripts identified principal themes. Results: Early research outputs from the interns include three peer reviewed publications and 21 conference abstract presentations. Two interns were in full time research at the time of interview or had a research component in their clinical role. Nine interns in clinical posts disclosed plans to return to research in the near future. Seven themes were identified: the impact on interns’ careers (e.g. changing perceptions of research); personal impact (e.g. confidence); impact on clinical practice (e.g. supporting evidence based practice); drivers for applying (e.g. assisting career choices); intervention design (e.g. appropriate timing and duration); mentorship and networking (e.g. general support and advice on career pathways); challenges (e.g. continuing with research when in full time clinical practice). Conclusion: The internship programme is an effective model in building research capacity in MSK research for Nurses and Allied Health Professionals, influencing careers, building confidence and improving clinical practice. The internship programme has the potential to be replicable to other clinical contexts nationally and internationally.
Short hairpin RNA attenuates liver fibrosis by regulating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and nuclear factor-κB pathways in hepatitis B virus-induced liver fibrosis in mice
Authors: Ye Lei , Cao Jiaqi , Sun Liying , Chen Ting , Li Wuping , Zhang Chenghai
Published: October 2019

Background: Progressive liver fibrosis, caused by chronic viral infection and metabolic disorders, results in the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, no antifibrotic therapies have been approved to date. In our previous study, adeno-associated virus (AAV) short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting hepatitis B virus (HBV) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β administration could persistently inhibit HBV replication and concomitantly prevent liver fibrosis. However, the differentially expressed proteins and critical regulatory networks of AAVshRNA treatment remain unclear. Accordingly, in this study, our major goal was we aimed to analyze differentially expressed proteins in the liver of AAV-shRNAs-treated mice with HBV infection and liver fibrosis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics and to elucidate the underlying antifibrotic mechanisms.
Results: In total 2743 proteins were recognized by iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis. Gene ontology analysis suggested that the differentially expressed proteins were mostly participated in peptide metabolism in the biological process category, cytosolic ribosomes in the cell component category, and structural constituents of ribosomes in the molecular function category. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomespathway analysis indicated that oxidative stress and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway were actived after treatment. Verification studies showed that AAVshRNAs inhibited hepatic stellate cell activation and inflammation by suppressing nuclear factor-κB p65 phosphorylation and α-smooth muscle actin expression via upregulation of PPAR-γ. Hepatocytes steatosis was also decreased by activating PPAR signaling pathway and improving lipid metabolism. TGF-β level was decreased owning to increase PPAR-γ expression and directly inhibition using AAVshRNAs targeting TGF-β. TGF-β-induced oxidative stress was suppressed by increasing glutathione S-transferase Pi 1 and reducing peroxiredoxin 1.
Conclusions: Our results indicated that AAV-shRNAs were effective for modulating liver fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and activating PPAR signaling pathway.
Self-management practice, associated factors and its relationship with Health Literacy and Patient Activation among multi-morbid COPD patients from rural Nepal
Authors: Yadav Uday Narayan , Lloyd Jane , Hosseinzadeh Hassan , Baral Kedar Prasad , Bhatta Narendra , Harris Mark Fort
Published: October 2019

Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive and debilitating condition that affects individuals' quality of life . COPD self-management and supports provided by carers is key to the quality of life people living with COPD. Health literacy (HL) and Patient Activation (PA) are main drivers of self-management practices (SMPs). However, their contribution remains to be fully explored. This study aimed to examine the level of self-management practices, and the relationship with socio-demographic factors, HL and PA among multi-morbid COPD patients from rural Nepal. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted between July 2018 and January 2019. Patients completed a survey, including Self-management Practices questionnaire (SMPQ), five domains of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), and Patient Activation Measure (PAM). The relationship between HL, PAM, and self-management practice was examined using univariate statistics. Multivariable analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with self-management practice. Results A total of 238 patients responded to the study. The mean score of SMPQ was 45.31(SD=9.00). The HLQ and PAM scores were positively correlated with the total score of SMPQ. Low level of SMPs were found to be positively associated with being uneducated (β=-0.43, p=.001), having a low family income (β=-5.22, p=.002), and, negatively associated with the presence of more than one co-morbidity (β=3.58, p=0.007) after controlling for other socio-demographic variables in the multivariable analysis. Conclusions The overall SMPs among this sample of Nepalese with COPD were low. Our findings highlight the need of implementation of self-management intervention program involving health literacy-focused activities for COPD, creating a support system for patients from low-income family and having low activation level.
Anemia among HIV Infected Children on Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy in Wolaita Zone, South Ethiopia: a facility based cross sectional study
Authors: Geleta Mesay Lema , Solomon Fithamlak Bisetegn , Tufa Efrata Girma , Sadamo Fekadu Elias , Kastro Samson
Published: October 2019

Background Anemia is a global public health problem and most of the HIV positive people become anemic at some point in the course of the disease. We lack adequate evidence on the magnitude of anemia among children on highly active anti retroviral therapy in Ethiopia and particularly in South Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed at determining the proportion and associated factors of anemia among children on highly active anti retroviral therapy in Wolaita zone, South Ethiopia.Method a facility based cross-sectional study has been conducted from November to December 2018 on 256 children 6 months to 14 years of age who were on Anti retroviral therapy. Data were collected through an interview with caregivers and review of medical records. CD4+ cell count was analyzed using FACS caliber and Hemoglobin level was measured with Hem cue 301 analyzer. Stool sample was examined for presence of intestinal parasites by direct wet mount technique. Data analyzed with Stata version 14.0 were conveyed in mean and standard deviation of the mean, median and inter-quartile range. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify independent predictors of the outcome variable. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval was reported.Results The magnitude of anemia was found to be 38.8%. Taking Co-trimoxazole antibiotic prophylaxis (AOR=.45; 95% CI: .21, .95), caregivers’ not receiving nutritional counseling (AOR=09; 95% CI: .01, .98) and presence of intestinal parasites (AOR=3.10; 95% CI: 1.39, 6.88) were associated with anemia.Conclusion The magnitude of anemia obtained in this study is a moderate public health problem. Health education programs in Anti Retroviral Therapy clinics should be targeted at appropriate dietary practice, and appropriate hand washing and other hygienic practices to prevent intestinal parasitic infections. Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis should give given to all eligible children based on the recommendation.
Recombinant Human Thrombomodulin for Pneumonia-Induced Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicated by Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Children: A feasibility study
Authors: Hirata Naoyuki , Ngo Dong Tien , Phan Phuc Huu , Ainai Akira , Phung Thuy Thi Bich , Tuan Ta Anh , Dien Tran Minh , Takasaki Jin , Kawachi Shoji , Nakajima Noriko , Hai Le Thanh
Published: October 2019

Background
Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rTM) has been used to treat disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Recent studies have shown the efficacy of rTM through its anti-inflammatory effects for treatment of adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the safety and efficacy of rTM in children with severe ARDS complicated by DIC have not been reported. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using rTM for the treatment of pneumonia-induced severe ARDS complicated by DIC in children.

Methods
Six children (age: median 10 month-old) with pneumonia-induced severe ARDS complicated by DIC were enrolled in this feasibility study. rTM (380 U/kg) was administered for a maximum of 6 days, in addition to conventional therapies including cardiopulmonary support, antibiotics and/or antivirus drugs administration, steroid administration and intravenous immunoglobulin after diagnosis of severe ARDS complicated by DIC. After administration of rTM, we measured changes in the plasma TM concentration and evaluated the clinical course, status of DIC and ARDS, and other laboratory findings, including levels of cytokines, chemokines, and biomarkers.

Results
In all six children, the plasma concentration of TM increased and DIC scores decreased after administration of rTM. Four of the six children recovered from the severe ARDS complicated by DIC after treatment in the pediatric intensive care unit, and were discharged from the hospital with no complications. In surviving children, levels of soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 decreased after administration of rTM.

Conclusions
The rTM administration is feasible as a therapeutic strategy for children over 2 months with pneumonia-induced severe ARDS complicated by DIC.
Epidemiological analysis of the Kaohsiung city strategy for dengue fever quarantine and epidemic prevention
Authors: CHEN Chun-Hong , Pan Chao Ying , Liu Wei-Liang , Su Matthew P. , Chang Te Pin , Ho Hui-Pin , Huang Joh-Jong , Lin Li Jen
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background. Dengue is endemic in over 100 countries and is an important public health problem worldwide. Dengue is not considered endemic in Taiwan however, with importation of dengue viruses from neighboring countries via close commercial links and air travel believed to be the cause of local outbreaks. Disease control efforts have therefore focused on preventing the importation of dengue into Taiwan. Here, we investigate the relationships between numbers of imported and indigenous dengue cases to test the validity of this strategy.
Methods. Dengue-fever case data from between 2013 and 2018 was obtained from the surveillance systems of the Taiwan Center for Disease Control and Kaohsiung City Health department. Standard epidemiological data, including the monthly numbers of indigenous and imported dengue cases, was calculated. Potential associations between the number of indigenous and imported cases were investigated using correlation analyses.
Results. We identified a possible relationship between the period of disease concealment and the number of reported imported dengue cases which resulted in indigenous dengue-fever epidemics within local communities. Further analysis of confirmed dengue cases during previous dengue-fever epidemics in Kaohsiung City found that the risk of indigenous dengue-fever may be related to the likelihood of patients suffering from imported cases of dengue-fever staying within local communities.
Conclusion. Given the correlations found between imported and indigenous dengue-fever cases, as well as the relationship between disease concealment period and risk of indigenous dengue-fever, the major priorities for disease control remain prevention of disease importation and efficient identification of dengue cases within high-risk communities.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of faculty on mentorship: An exploratory interpretivist study at a Sub-Saharan African medical school
Authors: Mubuuke Aloysius , Mbalinda Scovia N. , Munabi Ian G. , Kateete David , Opoka Robert B. , Kiguli Sarah
Published: October 2019

Background Mentorship has become a routine part of undergraduate training in health professions education. Although many health professions training institutions have successfully incorporated faculty-student mentorship in their formal training, many others especially in Sub-Saharan Africa have not fully embraced this. Institutionalized mentorship programmes are an effective methods of enhancing student learning experiences. Faculty, who are the mentors have an active role to play in driving the mentorship agenda and ensure that students benefit from this important activity. The aim of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes and practices of faculty about student mentorship at Makerere University College of Health Sciences.Methods It was an exploratory qualitative study using interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaires. The study participants included faculty at Makerere University College of Health Sciences. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data using pre-determined themes.Results Four themes were identified: 1) Knowledge of mentorship, 2) Attitude towards mentorship, 3) Practice of mentorship and 4) Improving the mentorship process. Majority of the faculty reported being less knowledgeable on mentorship regardless of seniority. The level of knowledge seemed to influence the practice of mentorship. Despite the observed knowledge gap, all faculty demonstrated a positive attitude to participate in mentoring.Conclusion Faculty demonstrated a positive attitude towards mentorship despite the knowledge gap of mentorship identified. Continuous faculty development in mentorship as well as using peer mentorship were identified as key in sustaining the mentorship programme.
Nutritional intakes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients: A cross-sectional study in China
Authors: ren zhewen , Zhao Fei , Chen Hui , Hu Dongmei , Yu Wentao , Xu Xiaoli , Lin Dingwen , Luo Fuyi , Fan Yueling , Wang Haijun , Cheng Jun , Zhao Liyun
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background: The objectives of this study were to examine nutrient intakes of tuberculosis (TB) patients and to identify their associated factors.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 adult TB patients were surveyed in two impoverished counties in China. Nutrient intakes were evaluated through two consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 2013. The potential socio-demographic and behavioral factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic model to identify strong influential factors.

Results: We found that mean daily energy intake was 1655.0 kcal (SD: 619.3 kcal) and 1360.3 kcal (SD: 552.1 kcal) for male and female patients, respectively. The mean daily energy intake was significantly lower than that has been recommended by DRI (i.e., 2250 and 1800 kcal for males and females, respectively), with 87.4% of the male patients and 59.9% of female patients failed to consume adequate energy. The protein intakes were 44.6 g (SD: 18.2 g) and 35.9 g (SD: 12.3 g) for male and female patients, respectively, which were lower than the recommended values by DRI (i.e., 65 and 55 g for males and females, respectively). Most male (90.8%) and female (58.4%) TB patients had insufficient daily protein intake. Further analyses suggested that mean daily intakes of many micronutrients, were insufficient, while for most of patients, intakes of vitamin E and sodium were sufficient. We identified that unemployment was a risk factor for low energy intake (p<0.05) and out-home-eating was a protective factor for low protein intake (p<0.01).

Conclusions: In impoverished areas in China, intakes of macronutrients and most micronutrients in TB patients were inadequate compared with DRIs, especially for unemployed patients and patients eating at home. These findings suggested that public health actions are needed to promote education on TB patients about significance of nutritional support, and, further interventions in TB patients’ nutritional intakes are also required.

Keywords: Tuberculosis patients; Nutrient intakes; Socio-demographic factors; Behavioral factors
Prediction of reading and writing difficulties of first graders using dyslexia risk questionnaire (DRQ) in preschool age
Authors: Labanienė Katažyna , Gedutienė Reda , Gintilienė Gražina
Published: October 2019

This article examines relationships between the scores of Dyslexia Risk Questionnaire (DRQ) in preschool age and the abilities, necessary for acquisition of reading and writing skills, as well as reading and writing skills in the 1st Grade. The results of the study showed that the scores of Dyslexia Risk Questionnaire (DRQ), completed by pre-primary teachers and parents of children attending pre-primary group, are related to prognostic indicators of reading and writing difficulties (phonological abilities: rapid naming, phonological awareness, short-term auditory memory; vocabulary; visual-motor skills), as well as to 1st graders’ reading skills and their reading and writing ratings provided by parents and teachers.
Performance of deposit money banks and liquidity management in Nigeria
Authors: Olubukola Otekunrin Adegbola , Damilola Fagboro Gabriel , Ikechukwu Nwanji Tony , Femi Asamu Festus , Oluseyi Ajiboye Babatunde , Jospeh Falaye Adebanjo
Published: October 2019

This study examined the performance of selected quoted deposit banks of Nigeria and liquidity management. Secondary data used was extracted from the financial statements of 15 money deposit banks out of population of 17 deposit money banks on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) for 2012–2017 (six years). The descriptive research design was used. The data collected was analyzed using ordinary least square method (OLS). Liquidity management was measured using capital ratio (CTR), current ratio (CR) and cash ratio (CSR), while performance was measured using return on assets (ROA). Based on the results of the study, liquidity management proxied by capital ratio, current ratio and cash ratio and performance of the firm proxied by return on assets are positively related. The result shows that liquidity management is an essential factor in business operations and consequently leads to business profitability. Hence proper liquidity management helps solve the agency theory problem of agency costs that arise when control of companies is separated from the ownership, whereby managers are able to employ the firm’s resources for personal gains instead of maximizing the value of the firm or the shareholders’ wealth. The value of the firm and the shareholders’ wealth can be maximized through the firm’s profitability via effective and efficient liquidity management.
PENGEMBANGAN PETUNJUK PRAKTIKUM KIMIA BERBASIS POGIL (Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning) BERMUATAN SWH (Science Writing Heuristic) PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI KELAS X DI MA FUTUHIYYAH 2 MRANGGEN DEMAK
Authors: Zumronah Siti , Firmansyah R , Zammi Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Penelitian pengembangan petunjuk praktikum kimia berbasis POGIL bermuatan SWH ini didasarkan pada karakteristik peserta didik yang menyukai praktikum. Namun, petunjuk praktikum yang digunakan seperti buku resep, sehingga belum mampu mengarahkan peserta didik menemukan konsep materi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan kualitas petunjuk praktikum kimia berbasis POGIL bermuatan SWH yang dapat mengarahkan peserta didik menemukan konsep materi. Petunjuk praktikum berbasis POGIL bermuatan SWH dikembangkan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang terdiri dari tahap define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), development (pengembangan), dan disseminate (penyebaran). Akan tetapi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini hanya terbatas pada tahap development. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 9 peserta didik dari MA Futuhiyyah 2 Mranggen Demak dengan tingkat pemahaman berbeda. Karakteristik dari petunjuk praktikum kimia yang dikembangkan antara lain: 1) Petunjuk praktikum disusun dengan tahapan-tahapan (orientasi, eksplorasi, penemuan konsep, aplikasi, dan penutup) yang dapat mengarahkan peserta didik menemukan konsep, 2) pertanyaan-pertanyaan dalam petunjuk praktikum bersifat rinci dan dikaitkan dengan kehidupan nyata peserta didik. Penilaian kualitas petunjuk praktikum kimia berbasis POGIL bermuatan SWH menggunakan validasi ahli dan respon peserta didik. Hasil penilaian validasi ahli materi mendapat kategori sangat baik (SB) dengan persentase 92,3%, sedangkan penilaian ahli media mendapat kategori sangat baik (SB) dengan persentase 90,83%. Respon peserta didik terhadap petunjuk praktikum menunjukkan kategori sangat baik (SB) dengan persentase 84,2%. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa petunjuk praktikum berbasis POGIL bermuatan SWH layak digunakan sebagai panduan pelaksanaan praktikum di Laboratorium dan perlu diuji lebih lanjut pada kelas besar untuk mengetahui keefektifan produk dalam pembelajaran.
Examining the factors related to bacteriological testing of private wells in Southern Ontario
Authors: Ugas Mohamed , Pearl David L. , Zentner Shawn , Tschritter Dana , Briggs Wendy , Manser Donna , Trotz-Williams Lise A.
Published: October 2019

The incidence of infectious waterborne disease in Canada continues to be a public health issue and can be associated with the source of drinking water. Millions of Canadians relying on unregulated private well water are at increased risk of disease. This study examined relationships between well and owner characteristics and the frequency of microbial testing of private wells in two southern-Ontario counties. Using multi-level logistic regression models, testing frequency (i.e., at least once per year vs. less) was modeled, as both self-reported and laboratory-validated, for associations with owner and well characteristics. For the self-reported outcome, a previous adverse test result significantly increased the odds of being classified as a frequent tester, and owners with a well-head more than 16 inches (40.6 cm) above the ground were at significantly higher odds of being classified as frequent testers compared to those with well-heads less than 16 inches above the ground and those below ground level. For the model based on the laboratory-validated outcome, the odds of an owner being a frequent tester significantly varied with the length of occupancy and the occurrence of a previous adverse result. The absence of associations between other well characteristics and testing frequency suggests that well safety education could benefit these communities.
The era of «steel apples» and «green robots». Smartphone addiction: a medical problem, a cultural phenomenon, or a fiction media?
Authors: Dubatova Irina Vladimirovna , Antsyborov Andrey Viktorovich
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the one of acute problems of society, that is smartphone addiction, because in recent decades, «smart» devices become ingrained in everyday lives of almost every person. The sphere of interest of many scientific studies is the study of «high-tech» addictions. One of the particular forms of this type of addictive disorder is smartphone addiction. Currently, there is an expansive increase in the prevalence of smartphones on various hardware and software platforms. The authors of the article wonder whether smartphone addiction can be a form of behavioral addiction or it can be considered a part of the «problematic» use by healthy people? To solve this problem, this review examines the correlation relationship between substantive and behavioral addictions based on existing criteria for diagnosing addictive disorders, and also outlines the socio-cultural boundaries of smartphones use.
Revisiting the friction of high entropy alloys and coatings
Authors: Yurov Viktor Mikhailovich , Guchenko Sergei Alekseevich
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the authors propose a new approach to the consideration of the friction phenomenon in HEAs and, in particular, dry friction. An equation is obtained that shows the nonlinear dependence of the friction coefficient on Gibbs energy G0, on temperature T, on the concentration of the number of electrons N and which allows predicting the formation of high entropy alloys and coatings.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: October 2019

Apresentação
DESIGN THINKING EM BIBLIOTECAS: EVIDÊNCIAS DA LITERATURA
Authors: Lira Raquel Alexandre de , Carpes Carlos Eduardo Pereira , Davila Guillermo , Varvakis Gregório
Published: October 2019

As bibliotecas necessitam apresentar respostas rápidas de modo a oportunizar maior visibilidade dos serviços ofertados aos seus usuários. Diante das mudanças ambientais impostas pela sociedade da informação, as bibliotecas buscam ferramentas para lidar com estes cenários e o design thinking pode ser uma alternativa. A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a aplicação do design thinking em bibliotecas. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura, para selecionar e analisar artigos sobre os assuntos abordados, publicados em jornais indexados nas principais bases de dados nacionais e internacionais. Os resultados apontam que o design thinking é uma ferramenta utilizada por gestores na adequação ou implementação de serviços.
INOVAÇÃO E CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO NO BRASIL: ANÁLISE DAS PUBLICAÇÕES DO ENANCIB E BRAPCI ENTRE 2006 E 2016
Authors: Fachin Juliana , Blattmann Ursula , Vianna William Barbosa
Published: October 2019

Estudo exploratório e descritivo com objetivo conhecer o cenário das publicações científicas sobre inovação, disponíveis nos anais do ENANCIB entre 2006 e 2017 e publicações periódicas indexadas na BRAPCI, constituindo uma amostra de 121 documentos. A amostra documental aponta que a maior parte das pesquisas analisadas na informação como fonte para a tomada de decisões, na gestão da informação e do conhecimento para a inovação, e, mapeamento de estudos sobre inovação e suas derivações: aberta, incremental, social e radical. Para conhecer o cenário da publicação científica da área, obteve-se dados como: ano de publicação, título do periódico, quantidade de publicações e o indicativo de autoria e co-autoria. Conclui-se sobre a produção científica na área da Ciência da Informação que a inovação está direcionada ao objeto informação enquanto fonte no processo inovativo. Estudos de aplicação de inovação de produtos ou serviços ainda são incipientes
TRANSIÇÕES NA IMAGEM DO BRASIL EM PORTUGAL VEICULADA PELA IMPRENSA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS MATÉRIAS PUBLICADAS NAS REVISTAS ILUSTRADAS PORTUGUESAS (1834-1922)
Authors: Lopes Ana Suely , Sousa Jorge Pedro
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste texto é analisar a transição na imagem do Brasil veiculada pela imprensa fundamentada no estudo das matérias produzidas pelas revistas ilustradas portuguesas (1834-1922). Para realizar a análise são separados os títulos das matérias que dizem respeito ao Brasil, que enfatizam os temas relevantes para o estudo no âmbito da história do Brasil do período referente e categorizados de acordo com a intensidade e a frequência com que surgem nas matérias. Como referencial teórico utiliza-se a linha de comunicação, imagem, identidade cultural e o estudo da narrativa jornalística. Situa-se como um estudo exploratório descritivo. Diante das matérias analisadas acredita-se, atingir o objetivo desejado uma vez que o estudo permite identificar os pontos relevantes que chamam a atenção sobre o Brasil naquela época e a importância que foi dada a cada um deles, considerando o nível de relevância por tema abordado a considerar a avaliação por décadas no período abordado.
PREFACE
Authors: Lima Clóvis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: October 2019

Preface
O INCENTIVO À LEITURA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA, A PARTIR DO PNBE
Authors: Mercês Darlaine Pereira Bomfim das , Neves Barbara Coelho , Sales Márcea Andrade
Published: October 2019

Com o objetivo de problematizar a atuação do Programa Nacional Biblioteca da Escola (PNBE) enquanto uma política pública educacional de acesso ao livro que atua na Educação Básica, esta pesquisa foi realizada utilizando como dispositivo a pesquisa documental, observação e bibliográfica. Teve a inserção no campo fundamentada na etnografia escolar (André, 2008) em uma escola da rede pública estadual, localizada em Salvador. O estudo salienta a importância das políticas públicas educacionais nos fundamentamos em Sousa (2006), Torres (2003) e Hofling (2001). A discussão sobre leitura na Educação Básica está amparada em Kleiman (2008), Lajolo (2002), Pereira (2012), Oliveira e Tomazetti (2012) e Abu-El-Haj (2013). As estratégias para intervenção no campo estiveram alicerçadas em Braga e Silvestre (2002) e hooks (2013). No primeiro momento, em 2016, os sujeitos da pesquisa foram os estudantes do último ano do Ensino Médio desta escola, quando foram realizadas rodas de leitura dentro da biblioteca; contudo, os participantes se restringiram àqueles que já concebiam a leitura como um hábito. Isto posto, em 2018, as rodas de leitura foram desenvolvidas com estudantes do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio, em sala de aula, com intuito de possibilitar novas experiências de prática de leitura do mundo, a partir dos conteúdos programáticos da Sociologia; e aproximá-los do acervo de livros disponibilizados pelo PNBE que estão alocados na biblioteca da escola.
Blood-brain Barrier Disruption May Contribute to White Matter Lesions in the Setting of Internal Jugular Venous Stenosis
Authors: Wu Yali , Meng Ran , Rajah Gary B. , Ding Yuchuan , Xu Yaoming , Ji Xunming
Published: October 2019

Background and Purpose:

Cloudy white matter lesions are associated imaging features
of internal jugular venous stenosis (IJVS). However, the mechanism of the IJVS associated cloudy
white matter lesions is still unclear. This study aims to evaluate blood-brain barrier integrity of the
patients with IJVS.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 45 eligible patients with IJVS confirmed by computed tomography
venography (CTV) and 45 healthy controls were enrolled into this study. The levels of serum
MMP-9 and the markers of tight junctions, including occludin and ZO-1 obtained from IJVS
patients and control group were tested by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay and compared.

Results:

Both the levels of serum MMP-9 (0.2ng/ml) and occludin (0.05ng/ml) in IJVS group were
higher than in the control group (0.01ng/ml vs. 0 ng/ml, all p<0.001). While, the levels of serum
ZO-1 showed no statistical significance between the two groups (0.55ng/ml vs 0.735ng/ml,
P=0.34). The levels of serum MMP-9 between the subset with or without white matter lesions in
IJVS group showed a significant difference (0.22 [0.06, 0.43] vs. 0.01 [0.01, 0.06], P =0.019).

Conclusions:

BBB disruption may participate in the formation of IJVS-associated white matter lesions;
the mechanism of BBB disruption may involve MMP-9 and occludin.
The Cold Case of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 6: Unjust Detention in the Retina?
Authors: Palazzo E. , Boccella S. , Marabese I. , Pierretti G. , Guida F. , Maione S.
Published: October 2019

It is a common opinion that metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 6 (mGluR6) is expressed exclusively in the retina, and in particular in the dendrites of ON-bipolar cells. Glutamate released in darkness from photoreceptors activates mGluR6, which is negatively associated with a membrane non-selective cation channel, the transient receptor potential melanoma-related 1, TRPM1, resulting in cell hyperpolarization. The evidence that mGluR6 is expressed not only in the retina but also in other tissues and cell populations has accumulated over time. The expression of mGluR6 has been identified in microglia, bone marrow stromal and prostate cancer cells, B lymphocytes, melanocytes and keratinocytes and non-neural tissues such as testis, kidney, cornea, conjunctiva, and eyelid. The receptor also appears to be expressed in brain areas, such as the hypothalamus, cortex, hippocampus, nucleus of tractus solitarius, superior colliculus, axons of the corpus callosum and accessory olfactory bulb. The pharmacological activation of mGluR6 in the hippocampus produced an anxiolytic-like effect and in the periaqueductal gray analgesic potential. This review aims to collect all the evidence on the expression and functioning of mGluR6 outside the retina that has been accumulated over the years for a broader view of the potential of the receptor whose retinal confinement appears understimated.
Impact of Abuse of Topical Corticosteroids and Counterfeit Cosmetic Products for the Face: Prospective Demographic Study in Basrah City, Iraq
Authors: Jaccob Ausama Ayob , Yaqoub Abdulla Ayob , Rahmani Muataz Abdulla
Published: October 2019

Background:

Topical corticosteroids are highly effective compounds that are now widely
used in dermatology for the treatment of various autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Many
corticosteroids are misused for diverse indications such as pigmentation, acne, pruritus, fungal or
bacterial infections, rashes, and numerous other conditions. These products contain various constituents,
most of which have hazards or toxic elements.

Objective:

The aim is to raise awareness among individuals in the city of Basrah, Iraq about the uses
and abuses of applying fake products to the face to inform the consumers about potential harmful
adverse effects.

Methods:

This study was a prospective multi-center clinic questionnaire of a demographic that involved
the outpatient dermatology departments at the Al-Basrah teaching hospital and the
Abu Al-Khaseeb hospital as well as the private clinics of two dermatology specialists in Basrah. A
total of 235 patients with facial dermatoses secondary to the application of topical corticosteroids
and counterfeit products or, a mixed formulation, for cosmetic purposes were recruited.

Results:

Most enrolled patients were female with 10-20 years aged group. The majority applied
these products due to friends or pharmacy encouragement. Motivations for the use of these products
included: skin fairness, lightening, and general cosmetic. Interestingly, acne and erythema were
common whilst, atrophy, dryness, telangiectasia, and hirsutism appear on long- term use only.

Conclusion:

The abuse of counterfeit cosmetic products and topical corticosteroids is in progress
and they have adverse health events. There are many causes behind the abuse but the lack of education,
lack of restriction, profitable for sellers and low prices are the main.