bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defect Engineering of MOF‐Based Membrane for Gas Separation
Authors: Li Shuo , Han Weiyao , An Quan‐Fu , Yong Ken‐Tye , Yin Ming‐Jie
Published: May 2023

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile materials that have been identified as promising candidates for membrane‐based gas separation applications due to their uniformly narrow pore windows and virtually unlimited structural and chemical features. Defect engineering of MOFs has opened new opportunities for manipulating MOF structures, providing a simple yet efficient approach for enhancing membrane separation. However, the utilization of this strategy to tailor membrane microstructures and enhance separation performance is still in its infancy. Thus, this summary aims to provide a guideline for tailoring defective MOF‐based membranes. Recent developments in defect engineering of MOF‐based membranes will be discussed, including the synthesis strategies for defective MOFs, the effects of defects on the gas adsorption properties, gas transport mechanisms, and recently reported defective MOF‐based membranes. Furthermore, the emerging challenges and future prospects will be outlined. Overall, defect engineering offers an exciting opportunity to improve the performance of MOF‐based gas membranes. However, there is still a long way to go to fully understand the influence of defects on MOF properties and optimize the design of MOF‐based membranes for specific gas separation applications. Nonetheless, continued research in this field holds great promise for the development of next‐generation membrane‐based gas separation technologies.
Tuneable Recombinant Spider Silk Protein Hydrogels for Drug Release and 3D Cell Culture
Authors: Arndt Tina , Chatterjee Urmimala , Shilkova Olga , Francis Juanita , Lundkvist Johan , Johansson Daniel , Schmuck Benjamin , Greco Gabriele , Nordberg Åsa Ekblad , Li Yan , Wahlberg Lars U , Langton Maud , Johansson Jan , Götherström Cecilia , Rising Anna
Published: May 2023

Hydrogels are useful drug release systems and tissue engineering scaffolds. However, synthetic hydrogels often require harsh gelation conditions and can contain toxic by‐products while naturally derived hydrogels can transmit pathogens and in general have poor mechanical properties. Thus, there is a need for a hydrogel that forms under ambient conditions, is non‐toxic, xeno‐free, and has good mechanical properties. A recombinant spider silk protein‐derived hydrogel that rapidly forms at 37 °C is recently developed. The temperature and gelation times are well‐suited for an injectable in situ polymerising hydrogel, as well as a 3D cell culture scaffold. Here, it is shown that the diffusion rate and the mechanical properties can be tuned by changing the protein concentration and that human fetal mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in the hydrogels show high survival and viability. Furthermore, mixtures of recombinant spider silk proteins and green fluorescent protein (GFP) form gels from which functional GFP is gradually released, indicating that bioactive molecules are easily included in the gels, maintain activity and can diffuse through the gel. Interestingly, encapsulated ARPE‐19 cells are viable and continuously produce the growth factor progranulin, which is detected in the cell culture medium over the study period of 31 days.
An In Situ Electrochemical Amorphization Electrode Enables High‐Power High‐Cryogenic Capacity Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Shen Sicheng , Ma Dingtao , Ouyang Kefeng , Chen Yangwu , Yang Ming , Wang Yanyi , Sun Shichang , Mi Hongwei , Sun Lingna , He Chuanxin , Zhang Peixin
Published: May 2023

Quick‐charge technology is of great significance for the development of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries. In this study, an unreported in situ electrochemical amorphization mechanism is highlighted to unlock the ultrafast‐kinetics electrode. Multiple characterizations, density functional theory calculation, and molecular dynamic simulation are applied to uncover the storage mechanism of electrodes, as well as the evolution of structure, and reaction kinetics after reconstruction. As revealed, the long‐range ordered ZnV2O4 crystalline can be reconstructed to a short‐range ordered Zn0.44V2O4 electrode, which exhibits significantly improved active sites, shortened diffusion path, and enhanced zinc ions capture ability. Notably, by pairing with the modified Zn anode, it can display ultrahigh rate capability (212 mAh g−1 at 50 A g−1) with a maximum power density of 23.2 kW kg−1, as well as good cycle performance (217.2 mAh g−1 after 3000 cycles at 20 A g−1). Unexpectedly, such reconstructed amorphous electrodes can also retain superior storage capability even at cryogenic conditions. A high specific capacity of 251 mAh g−1 can be delivered at −25°C and 1 A g−1, as well as an 84.3% capacity retention after 500 cycles. This brand‐new in‐situ electrochemical amorphization mechanism is expected to provide new insight into understanding the high‐performance aqueous zinc‐ion batteries.
Biodegradable Piezoelectric Polymers: Recent Advancements in Materials and Applications
Authors: Ali Mohsin , Bathaei Mohammad Javad , Istif Emin , Karimi Seyed Nasir Hosseini , Beker Levent
Published: May 2023

Recent materials, microfabrication, and biotechnology improvements have introduced numerous exciting bioelectronic devices based on piezoelectric materials. There is an intriguing evolution from conventional unrecyclable materials to biodegradable, green, and biocompatible functional materials. As a fundamental electromechanical coupling material in numerous applications, novel piezoelectric materials with a feature of degradability and desired electrical and mechanical properties are being developed for future wearable and implantable bioelectronics. These bioelectronics can be easily integrated with biological systems for applications, including sensing physiological signals, diagnosing medical problems, opening the blood‐brain barrier, and stimulating healing or tissue growth. Therefore, the generation of piezoelectricity from natural and synthetic bioresorbable polymers has drawn great attention in the research field. Herein, the significant and recent advancements in biodegradable piezoelectric materials, including natural and synthetic polymers, their principles, advanced applications, and challenges for medical uses, are reviewed thoroughly. The degradation methods of these piezoelectric materials through in vitro and in vivo studies are also investigated. These improvements in biodegradable piezoelectric materials and microsystems could enable new applications in the biomedical field. In the end, potential research opportunities regarding the practical applications are pointed out that might be significant for new materials research.
A Biomimetic Nanoparticle Exerting Protection against Acute Liver Failure by Suppressing CYP2E1 Activity and Scavenging Excessive ROS
Authors: Yao Qing , Tang Yingying , Dai Sheng , Huang Lihui , Jiang Zewei , Zheng Shiming , Sun Meng , Xu Yitianhe , Lu Ruijie , Sun Tuyue , Huang Huirong , Jiang Xinyu , Yao Xiaomin , Lin Guangyong , Kou Longfa , Chen Ruijie
Published: May 2023

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe liver disease caused by many reasons. One of them is the overdosed acetaminophen (APAP), which is metabolized into N‐acetyl‐p‐benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), an excessive toxic metabolite, by CYP2E1, resulting in excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), exhausted glutathione (GSH), and thereafter hepatocyte necrosis. N‐acetylcysteine is the Food and Drug Administration‐approved drug for detoxification of APAP, but it has limited clinical application due to the short therapeutic time window and concentration‐related adverse effects. In this study, a carrier‐free and bilirubin dotted nanoparticle (B/BG@N) is developed, which is formed using bilirubin and 18β‐Glycyrrhetinic acid, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is then adsorbed to mimic the in vivo behavior of the conjugated bilirubin for hitchhiking. The results demonstrate that B/BG@N can effectively reduce the production of NAPQI as well as exhibit antioxidant effects against intracellular oxidative stress via regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2/heme oxygenase‐1 signal axis and reducing the production of inflammatory factors. In vivo study shows that B/BG@N can effectively improve the clinical symptom of the mice model. This study suggests that B/BG@N own increases circulation half‐life, improves accumulation in the liver, and dual detoxification, providing a promising strategy for clinical ALF treatment.
Rapid and Facile Light‐Based Approach to Fabricate Protease‐Degradable Poly(ethylene glycol)−norbornene Microgels for Cell Encapsulation
Authors: Mora‐Boza Ana , Ghebrezadik Saron G. , Leisen Johannes E. , García Andrés J.
Published: May 2023

Thiol‐norbornene photoclickable poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based (PEG‐NB) hydrogels are attractive biomaterials for cell encapsulation, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine applications. Although many crosslinking strategies and chemistries have been developed for PEG‐NB bulk hydrogels, fabrication approaches of PEG‐NB microgels have not been extensively explored. Here, a fabrication strategy for 4‐arm amide‐linked PEG‐NB (PEG‐4aNB) microgels using flow‐focusing microfluidics for human mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (hMSCs) encapsulation is presented. PEG‐4aNB photochemistry allows high‐throughput, ultrafast generation, and cost‐effective synthesis of monodispersed microgels (diameter 340 ± 18, 380 ± 24, and 420 ± 15 µm, for 6, 8, and 10 wt% of PEG‐4aNB, respectively) using an in situ crosslinking methodology in a microfluidic device. PEG‐4aNB microgels show in vitro degradability due to the incorporation of a protease‐degradable peptide during photocrosslinking and encapsulated cells show excellent viability and metabolic activity for at least 13 days of culture. Furthermore, the secretory profile (i.e., MMP‐13, ICAM‐1, PD‐L1, CXCL9, CCL3/MIP‐1, IL‐6, IL‐12, IL‐17E, TNF‐α, CCL2/MCP‐1) of encapsulated hMSCs shows increased expression in response to IFN‐γ stimulation. Collectively, this work shows a versatile and facile approach for the fabrication of protease‐degradable PEG‐4aNB microgels for cell encapsulation.
Liquid Crystals for Advanced Smart Devices with Microwave and Millimeter‐Wave Applications: Recent Progress for Next‐Generation Communications
Authors: Ma Junseok , Choi Jinyoung , Park Sungeun , Kong Imbo , Kim Daehyeon , Lee Cheonga , Youn Youngno , Hwang Myeonggin , Oh Seungwon , Hong Wonbin , Kim Wooksung
Published: May 2023

Liquid crystals (LCs) technology have a well‐established history of applications in visible light, particularly in the display industry. However, with the rapid growth in communication technology, LCs have become a topic of current interest for high‐frequency microwave (MW) and millimeter‐wave (mmWave) applications due to promising characteristics such as tunability, continuous tuning, low losses, and price compatibility. To improve the performance of future communication technology using LCs, it is not sufficient only with the perspective of radio‐frequency (RF) technology. Therefore, it is imperative to understand not only the novel structural designs and optimization of MW engineering but also the perspective of materials engineering when implementing advanced RF devices with maximum performance for next‐generation satellite and terrestrial communication. Herein, based on advanced nematic LCs, polymer‐modified LCs, dual‐frequency LCs, and photo‐reactive LCs, this article summarizes and examines the modulation principles and key research directions for the design strategies of LCs for advanced smart RF devices with improved driving performance and novel functionality. Furthermore, the challenges in development of state‐of‐the‐art smart RF devices that use LCs are discussed.
Enhanced Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Efficiency over Linear Assemblies of Copper‐Cobalt Nanophases Stabilized by Redox Polymers
Authors: He Wenhui , Chandra Shubhadeep , Quast Thomas , Varhade Swapnil , Dieckhöfer Stefan , Junqueira João R. C. , Gao Huimin , Seisel Sabine , Schuhmann Wolfgang
Published: May 2023

Renewable electricity‐powered nitrate (NO3−) reduction reaction (NO3RR) offers a net‐zero carbon route to the realization of high ammonia (NH3) productivity. However, this route suffers from low energy efficiency (EE, with a half‐cell EE commonly <36%), since high overpotentials are required to overcome the weak NO3− binding affinity and sluggish NO3RR kinetics. To alleviate this, a rational catalyst design strategy that involves the linear assembly of sub‐5 nm Cu/Co nanophases into sub‐20 nm thick nanoribbons is suggested. The theoretical and experimental studies show that the Cu‐Co nanoribbons, similar to enzymes, enable strong NO3− adsorption and rapid tandem catalysis of NO3− to NH3, owing to their richly exposed binary phase boundaries and adjacent Cu‐Co sites at sub‐5 nm distance. In situ Raman spectroscopy further reveals that at low applied overpotentials, the Cu/Co nanophases are rapidly activated and subsequently stabilized by a specifically designed redox polymer that in situ scavenges intermediately formed highly oxidative nitrogen dioxide (NO2). As a result, a stable NO3RR with a current density of ≈450 mA cm−2 is achieved, a Faradaic efficiency of >97% for the formation of NH3, and an unprecedented half‐cell EE of ≈42%.
Crystallinity and Phase Control in Formamidinium‐Based Dion–Jacobson 2D Perovskite via Seed‐Induced Growth for Efficient Photovoltaics
Authors: Wu Guangbao , Liu Tanghao , Hu Mengxiao , Zhang Zhipeng , Li Shilin , Xiao Linge , Guo Jia , Wang Yueyang , Zhu Annan , Li Wang , Zhou Huiqiong , Zhang Yuan , Chen Runfeng , Xing Guichuan
Published: May 2023

2D perovskites based on Formamidinium (FA) hold the potential for excellent stability and a broad absorption range, making them attractive materials for solar cells. However, FA‐based 2D perovskites produced via one‐step processing exhibit poor crystallinity and random quasi‐quantum wells (QWs), leading to subpar photovoltaic performance. In this study, a seed‐induced growth approach is introduced employing MAPbCl3 and BDAPbI4 in the deposition of FA‐based Dion‐Jacobson 2D perovskite films. This method yields high‐quality perovskite films as the seeds preferentially precipitate and serve as templates for the epitaxial growth of FA‐based counterparts, effectively suppressing the δ phase. Moreover, the epitaxial growth facilitated by uniformly dispersed seeds results in simultaneous crystallization from top to bottom, efficiently mitigating random phases (n = 2, 3, 4…) induced by the diffusion of organic cations and, in turn, minimizing energy loss. The impact of seed‐induced growth on the crystallization and phase distribution of FA‐based 2D perovskites is systematically investigated. As a result, the optimized FA‐based 2D perovskite solar cell delivers an outstanding efficiency of 20.0%, accompanied by a remarkable fill factor of 0.823. Additionally, the unencapsulated device demonstrates exceptional stability, maintaining 98% of its initial efficiency after 1344 h of storage.
A Recombinant Parathyroid Hormone‐Related Peptide Locally Applied in Osteoporotic Bone Defect
Authors: Wang Yi , Hu Yingkun , Lan Shenghui , Chen Zhe , Zhang Yufeng , Guo Xiaodong , Cai Lin , Li Jingfeng
Published: May 2023

The local application of drug‐loaded bioactive scaffold materials is one of the important directions to solve the clinical problem of osteoporotic (OP) bone defects. This study retains the advantages of drug loading and mechanical properties of natural 3D bioactive scaffolds. The scaffolds are functionally modified through chemical and self‐assembly approaches with application of polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles and parathyroid hormone‐related peptide‐1 (PTHrP‐1) for efficient local drug loading. This study investigates the effects of the novel bioactive scaffolds on ossification, osteoclastogenesis, and macrophage polarization. This work elucidates the effects of the scaffolds in regulating osteoclastic activity and new bone formation in vitro. Further studies on the establishment and repair of OP bone defects in small animals are conducted, and the potential of natural bioactive porous scaffold materials to promote the repair of OP bone defects is initially verified. The preparation of safe and economical anti‐OP bone repair material provides a theoretical basis for clinical translational applications.
Integrative Transcriptomic Analyses of Hippocampal–Entorhinal System Subfields Identify Key Regulators in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Luo Dan , Li Jingying , Liu Hanyou , Wang Jiayu , Xia Yu , Qiu Wenying , Wang Naili , Wang Xue , Wang Xia , Ma Chao , Ge Wei
Published: May 2023

The hippocampal–entorhinal system supports cognitive function and is selectively vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Little is known about global transcriptomic changes in the hippocampal–entorhinal subfields during AD. Herein, large‐scale transcriptomic analysis is performed in five hippocampal–entorhinal subfields of postmortem brain tissues (262 unique samples). Differentially expressed genes are assessed across subfields and disease states, and integrated genotype data from an AD genome‐wide association study. An integrative gene network analysis of bulk and single‐nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA‐Seq) data identifies genes with causative roles in AD progression. Using a system‐biology approach, pathology‐specific expression patterns for cell types are demonstrated, notably upregulation of the A1‐reactive astrocyte signature in the entorhinal cortex (EC) during AD. SnRNA‐Seq data show that PSAP signaling is involved in alterations of cell– communications in the EC during AD. Further experiments validate the key role of PSAP in inducing astrogliosis and an A1‐like reactive astrocyte phenotype. In summary, this study reveals subfield‐, cell type‐, and AD pathology‐specific changes and demonstrates PSAP as a potential therapeutic target in AD.
Direct Synthesis of Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Toward High‐Performance Electronics
Authors: Liu Peng , Khan Abu Taher , Ding Er‐Xiong , Zhang Qiang , Xu Zhenyu , Bai Xueyin , Wei Nan , Tian Ying , Li Diao , Jiang Hua , Lipsanen Harri , Sun Zhipei , Kauppinen Esko I.
Published: May 2023

The large‐scale synthesis of high‐purity semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (s‐SWCNTs) plays a crucial role in fabricating high‐performance and multiapplication‐scenario electronics. This work develops a straightforward, continuous, and scalable method to synthesize high‐purity and individual s‐SWCNTs with small‐diameters distribution (≈1 nm). It is believed that the water and carbon dioxide resulting from the decomposition of isopropanol act as oxidizing agents and selectively etch metallic SWCNTs, hence enhancing the production of s‐SWCNTs. The performance of individual‐SWCNTs field effect transistors confirms the high abundance of s‐SWCNTs, presenting a mean mobility of 376 cm2 V−1 s−1 and a high mobility of 2725 cm2 V−1 s−1 with an on‐current to off‐current (Ion/Ioff) ratio as high as 2.51 × 107. Moreover, thin‐film transistors based on the as‐synthesized SWCNTs exhibit excellent performance with a mean mobility of 9.3 cm2 V−1 s−1 and Ion/Ioff ratio of 1.3× 105, respectively, verifying the enrichment of s‐SWCNTs. This work presents a simple and feasible route for the sustainable synthesis of high‐quality s‐SWCNTs for electronic devices.
Indoloindole‐Based Hole Transporting Material for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Exceeding 24% Power Conversion Efficiency
Authors: Kim Dong Won , Choi Kang‐Hoon , Hong Seung Hwa , Kang Hyun‐Sik , Kwon Ji Eon , Park Sungjin , An Byeong‐Kwan , Park Soo Young
Published: May 2023

The new concept of hole transporting materials (HTMs) has inspired researchers to develop high‐performing and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In particular, small molecular organic semiconductors have been extensively studied for HTM due to their high reproducibility and easy synthesis. In this work, a novel linear‐type series of indoloindole (IDID)‐based hole transporting materials comprising a fluorinated IDID core(IDIDF) and multiple thiophene rings is developed. The structure‐property relationship in the IDIDF derivatives is investigated systematically by changing the alkyl position and length of the backbone. The intrinsic properties of the material are significantly different depending on the alkyl position of inner thiophene ring. The optimized material exhibits improved solubility, favorable molecular packing patterns, and superior hole mobility. The champion PSCs using the optimum molecule, IDIDF2, yield a power conversion efficiency of 23.16% in non‐doped and 24.24% in doped conditions, which represent one of the highest performances in n‐i‐p planar device configuration. For the first time, the IDIDF2‐based PSCs achieve outstanding thermal and moisture stabilities under thermal aging (85 °C) and relative humidity of 85%, respectively, for 1500 h.
Bridging the Gap between Solar Cells and Batteries: Optical Design of Bifunctional Solar Batteries Based on 2D Carbon Nitrides
Authors: Gouder Andreas , Yao Liang , Wang Yang , Podjaski Filip , Rabinovich Ksenia S. , Jiménez‐Solano Alberto , Lotsch Bettina V.
Published: May 2023

While solar cell technology is booming, intermittent availability of sunlight motivates new vistas for multifunctional devices capable of energy capture and storage on the same material, i.e., direct or two‐electrode bifunctional solar batteries. Herein, simulations and experiments are utilized to take a closer look at efficiency limitations and design considerations, and guidelines are proposed to operate a solar battery comprised of the 2D carbon nitride potassium poly(heptazine imide), K‐PHI, as a bifunctional solar battery photoanode in conjunction with the separator poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) and cathode poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate. An optical design of this device is developed by proposing light absorption in a charge collection layer within the photoanode and calculating photocharging current and charging time as figures of merit. The much larger efficiency of operation via rear illumination for K‐PHI layer thicknesses >200 nm is highlighted and enhancement strategies without modifying the photoactive layer are proposed. Finally, adapted Ragone plots are introduced and it is shown how the solar batteries are capable of improving energy and charge output solely via illumination (for the design under 1 sun, the energy and charge output increase by 60% and 63%, respectively) without modifying the device.
Perspectives on stakeholder participation in the design of economic experiments for agricultural policymaking: Pros, cons, and twelve recommendations for researchers
Authors: Höhler Julia , Barreiro‐Hurlé Jesús , Czajkowski Mikołaj , Dessart François J. , Ferraro Paul J. , Li Tongzhe , Messer Kent D. , Palm‐Forster Leah , Termansen Mette , Thomas Fabian , Zagórska Katarzyna , Zemo Kahsay Haile , Rommel Jens
Published: May 2023

Economic experiments have emerged as a powerful tool for agricultural policy evaluations. In this perspective, we argue that involving stakeholders in the design of economic experiments is critical to satisfy mandates for evidence‐based policies and encourage policymakers' usage of experimental results. To identify advantages and disadvantages of involving stakeholders when designing experiments, we synthesize observations from six experiments in Europe and North America. In these experiments, the primary advantage was the ability to learn within realistic decision environments and thus make relevant policy recommendations. Disadvantages include complicated implementation and constraints on treatment design. We compile 12 recommendations for researchers.
Optimized Modular Design of Acoustic Metamaterials: Targeted Noise Attenuation
Authors: Zhao Caiyou , Zhang Xinhao , Wang Ping , Wei Nachao , Geng Mingjing , Hui Qingmin , Yu Qi , Qiao Kangjia , Lu Tao
Published: May 2023

A modular design optimization method for acoustic metamaterial cells is proposed, which can ensure satisfying the targeted noise attenuation by using only the objective function of an arbitrary noise source and the constraints of the application at hand. The core algorithm is a fusion of the generalized particle swarm algorithm and wave finite element method specialized for structural and targeted optimization of metamaterials. The output is the optimized metamaterial cell and its sound barrier structure. The desired noise reduction performance is verified via acoustic testing of a 3D‐printed prototype. The simulation and experimental results of test cases show that the designed acoustic metamaterial can perfectly block the target noise band and have significant advantages in terms of design efficiency, light weight, and noise attenuation.
Efficient Conversion of Biomass to Formic Acid Coupled with Low Energy Consumption Hydrogen Production from Water Electrolysis
Authors: Tang Wensi , Zhang Lunan , Qiu Tianyu , Tan Huaqiao , Wang Yonghui , Liu Wei , Li Yangguang
Published: May 2023

The development of a new electrolytic water hydrogen production coupling system is the key to realize efficient and low‐cost hydrogen production and promote its practical application. Herein, a green and efficient electrocatalytic biomass to formic acid (FA) coupled hydrogen production system has been developed. In such a system, carbohydrates such as glucose are oxidized to FA using polyoxometalates (POMs) as the redox anolyte, while H2 is evolved continuously at the cathode. Among them, the yield of glucose to FA is as high as 62.5 %, and FA is the only liquid product. Furthermore, the system requires only 1.22 V to drive a current density of 50 mA cm−2, and the Faraday efficiency of hydrogen production is close to 100 %. Its electrical consumption is only 2.9 kWh Nm−3 (H2), which is only 69 % of that of traditional electrolytic water. This work opens up a promising direction for low‐cost hydrogen production coupled with efficient biomass conversion.
Families' experience of a single session therapy framework in advanced allied health practice for children with neurodevelopmental and behavioural disabilities: A thematic analysis of qualitative data
Authors: Creen Julie , Kennedy‐Behr Ann , Donkin Rebecca , Verdonck Michele
Published: May 2023

Single session therapy (SST) has emerging evidence for facilitating meaningful therapeutic change in a small number of consults, rather than more traditional long‐term therapies. This study aimed to explore and describe the parent/caregiver and child experience with advanced allied health practitioners (AAHP) using SST for children with developmental disabilities, by understanding key characteristics of the consultation that led to therapeutic change. Eligible families attending an AAHP outpatient clinic for children with developmental and behavioural concerns participated in one to four SST consultations around their identified areas of need. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 38 parents and 12 children, from 37 different families. Thematic analysis was used to analyse interviews. Demographic information was gathered through parent interviews and by reviewing hospital records. Four key themes emerged relating to the characteristics of the consultation that led to a positive experience for families: (1) the art of mutual presence; (2) the value of time; (3) the power of understanding; and (4) the trust of action. These attributes were influenced by the overarching complexities of the AAHP, the parent's and child's interpersonal skills, and the organisational mechanisms influencing patient care. Parents and children reported clinical change during the consult through increased understanding, and being heard, valued, and respected for their individual decisions on how to manage their child's and family's needs. This study provides preliminary evidence that utilising SST for children and families with developmental and behavioural needs facilitates a positive experience valued by families. SST, with a focus on a family's individual identified areas of concern, was valued and effective when delivered by AAHP. This suggests that SST, when appropriately administered by experienced and trained health practitioners, is useful for families dealing with children with developmental and behavioural challenges.
Breast tumor‐targeted drug delivery via polymer nanocarriers: Endogenous and exogenous strategies
Authors: Zhu Mengfan , Wang Xunhao , Zhou Yan , Li Mengmeng , Wang Yufei , Wang Yinhan , Li Tengfei , Song Sean Yan , Zhang Boxin , Hezam Kamal , Zhang Jin
Published: May 2023

Breast cancer, one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, has a high degree of malignancy while lacking efficient treatments. The off‐target events frequently occurring in drug administration have been a major obstacle, which causes severe side effects to patients and reduces the therapeutic efficacy. An ideal medication should precisely target the specific site with precise control over concentration and duration. In recent years, there has been immense progress in polymer nanocarriers that demonstrate great potential in the targeted delivery. These nanocarriers are constructed from materials sensitive to a wide range of endogenous (e.g., pH, enzyme, redox) and exogenous stimuli (e.g., light, ultrasound, magnetic waves), driving cargo release to the targeted tissue or cells. Here, we elucidate the mechanism of current targeting strategies and the engineering methods to construct these targeting systems or to improve their targeting efficiency. We capture the recent progress in the targeted nanocarriers derived from polymers which span hydrogels and micelles, demonstrating their design and applications in chemo, hyperthermia, immuno, and gene therapies.
Preparation of PLA/PEG@SDS microfibers‐based nonwovens via melt‐blown process parameters: Wound dressings with enhanced water wetting performance
Authors: Wang Rongchen , Zhang Heng , Cao Yang , Zhai Qian , Hu Junjie , Zhen Qi , Qian Xiaoming
Published: May 2023

Polylactic acid (PLA) melt‐blown nonwovens are promising materials for medical and healthcare applications due to their properties such as softness, breathability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. However, their widespread commercial application has been limited by their poor mechanical properties and insufficient hydrophilicity limit. To address these limitations, we prepared polylactic acid/polyethylene glycol@sodium dodecyl sulfate (PLA/PEG@SDS) microfibers‐based nonwovens using a melt‐blown process. The average fiber diameter of PLA/PEG@SDS microfibers nonwovens could be tuned from 1 to 13.9 μm by regulating the die temperature or hot air pressure. In addition, increasing the die temperature from 210°C to 225°C resulted in a 140.3% and 124.8% increase in the breaking resistance along the mechanical direction (MD) and transverse direction (CD), respectively. Meanwhile, the increase in the breaking resistance was observed between the hot air pressure and the mechanical strength of the PLA/PEG@SDS microfibers‐based nonwovens. Notably, the prepared samples exhibited a short wetting time of 3.438 s, a fast water absorption rate of 68.401%·s−1, and an excellent liquid water diffusion of 5.86 mm s−1. These results suggest that the PLA/PEG@SDS microfibers nonwovens prepared using melt‐blown process demonstrate efficient wetting performance, which paves the way for the industrial production of medical‐grade materials such as wound dressings.
A technique for decreasing reflection during cadaveric photography
Authors: Takatsume Yoshifumi , Kajita Hiroki , Imanishi Nobuaki
Published: May 2023

To create anatomical educational materials that can be viewed in three dimensions using stereo photographs and photogrammetry, multiple photographs must be taken from different directions. In this process, shadows and reflections from different positions in each photograph are undesirable for creating three‐dimensional (3D) anatomy educational materials. Although a ring flash eliminates shadows, allowing light to enter from all directions, reflections cannot be eliminated. In particular, Thiel‐embalmed cadavers, which are widely used in clinical anatomy, are highly wet and exhibit strong specular highlights. In this study, a straight polarization filter was attached to a handheld camera lens and ring flash, and shooting was performed using cross‐polarization photography. Consequently, even in Thiel‐embalmed cadavers, the details lost due to the effects of reflections and shadows can be recovered, and good results can be obtained when taking stereo photos or creating a 3D model using photogrammetry.
Be prepared to act as a ‘first responder’ for rising rates of student stress
Authors: Bedrossian Louise
Published: May 2023

According to the American Psychological Association, in 2022, about 80% of post‐pandemic college students remained stressed, often exhibiting related health problems. Along with anxiety and depression, stress remains among the top three mental health issues.
Leading through visibility
Authors: Freebairn‐Smith Laura
Published: May 2023

In case you’d like to look back, in the first nine columns of “Management Matters,” I have covered:
Development of a method to diagnose endometrial cancer based on the AuNRs‐AntiVimentin optical probe
Authors: Zhang Qingshun , Zhang Zhenwang , Zhang Hongbin , Wang Hui , Tang Quanlian , Wang Yufei , Gao Qiuye , Liu Jianhui , Liu Yi
Published: May 2023

Endometrial cancer is one of the common gynecological malignancies, and its incidence has been increasing year by year in recent years, raising higher requirements for its rapid diagnosis. In this article, gold nanorods (AuNRs) with localized surface plasmon resonance properties (LSPR) has used to prepare AuNRs‐antibody to waveform protein (AuNRs‐AntiVimentin) optical probes, and a new method has been constructed that could rapidly detect and identify endometrial cancer tissue sections by polarized light microscopy. AuNRs were prepared by seed growth method using gold chloride as raw material, and the morphology of AuNRs and the optical characteristics of AuNRs‐AntiVimentin has characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and zeta potential; immunohistochemistry (IHC) and AuNRs‐AntiVimentin optical probes have used to detect clinical endometrial cancer, respectively. The AuNRs‐AntiVimentin optical probe has been used to detect endometrial cancer tissue sections and found to have good bio‐specificity, with no significant difference in the detection of AuNRs‐AntiVimentin compared with conventional IHC techniques (p > .05). An optical probe generated by coupling AuNRs with Vimentin antibodies has been obtained to detect and identify endometrial cancer with simple operation and comparable effect to conventional IHC, providing a new method and idea for the rapid detection of endometrial cancer.
Predictors of target lesion failure after treatment of left main, bifurcation, or chronic total occlusion lesions with ultrathin‐strut drug‐eluting coronary stents in the ULTRA registry
Authors: de Filippo Ovidio , Bruno Francesco , Pinxterhuis Tineke H. , Gąsior Mariusz , Perl Leor , Gaido Luca , Tuttolomondo Domenico , Greco Antonio , Verardi Roberto , Lo Martire Gianluca , Iannaccone Mario , Leone Attilio , Liccardo Gaetano , Caglioni Serena , González Ferreiro Rocio , Rodinò Giulio , Musumeci Giuseppe , Patti Giuseppe , Borzillo Irene , Tarantini Giuseppe , Wańha Wojciech , Casella Bruno , Ploumen Eline H. , Pyka Łukasz , Kornowski Ran , Gagnor Andrea , Piccolo Raffaele , Roubin Sergio Raposeiras , Capodanno Davide , Zocca Paolo , Conrotto Federico , De Ferrari Gaetano M. , von Birgelen Clemens , D'Ascenzo Fabrizio ,   ULTRA Collaborators
Published: May 2023

Background

Data about the long‐term performance of new‐generation ultrathin‐strut drug‐eluting stents (DES) in challenging coronary lesions, such as left main (LM), bifurcation, and chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions are scant.

Methods

The international multicenter retrospective observational ULTRA study included consecutive patients treated from September 2016 to August 2021 with ultrathin‐strut (<70 µm) DES in challenging de novo lesions. Primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF): composite of cardiac death, target‐lesion revascularization (TLR), target‐vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI), or definite stent thrombosis (ST). Secondary endpoints included all‐cause death, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), target vessel revascularization, and TLF components. TLF predictors were assessed with Cox multivariable analysis.

Results

Of 1801 patients (age: 66.6 ± 11.2 years; male: 1410 [78.3%]), 170 (9.4%) experienced TLF during follow‐up of 3.1 ± 1.4 years. In patients with LM, CTO, and bifurcation lesions, TLF rates were 13.5%, 9.9%, and 8.9%, respectively. Overall, 160 (8.9%) patients died (74 [4.1%] from cardiac causes). AMI and TVMI rates were 6.0% and 3.2%, respectively. ST occurred in 11 (1.1%) patients while 77 (4.3%) underwent TLR. Multivariable analysis identified the following predictors of TLF: age, STEMI with cardiogenic shock, impaired left ventricular ejection fraction, diabetes, and renal dysfunction. Among the procedural variables, total stent length increased TLF risk (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1−1.02 per mm increase), while intracoronary imaging reduced the risk substantially (HR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.12−0.82).

Conclusions

Ultrathin‐strut DES showed high efficacy and satisfactory safety, even in patients with challenging coronary lesions. Yet, despite using contemporary gold‐standard DES, the association persisted between established patient‐ and procedure‐related features of risk and impaired 3‐year clinical outcome.
Manufacturing of a Burner Plate by Diffusion Bonding to Investigate Premixed Fuel‐Rich Oxy‐Fuel Flames at Increased Pressure and Preheating
Authors: Gietzelt Thomas , Sentko Matthias M. , Stelzner Björn , Trimis Dimosthenis
Published: May 2023

Combustion of hydrocarbons with pure oxygen as oxidizer is used, e.g., in high‐temperature processes such as the partial oxidation (POX) of hydrocarbons to produce synthesis gas of high purity. Due to the prevailing temperatures, active cooling is required for many parts. For laboratory‐scale experiments, the dimensions of key parts are too small for conventional manufacturing processes. One example is the manufacturing of a burner plate especially developed for POX processes. The complex geometries of several hundreds of burner nozzles and perpendicular cooling channels across the diameter of the burner plate cannot be manufactured in a conventional way. For this burner, the advantage of chemical etching of thin sheet material and stacking of multiple sheet layouts was used to assemble the layout of the burner. The burner plate was then diffusion‐bonded, allowing the complex design to be realized. The partial oxidation of CH4/O2 flames at the laboratory scale could thus be studied under industrially relevant conditions.
Evaluation of a handheld near‐infrared spectroscopy sensor for rapid corn kernel moisture estimation
Authors: Agyei B. , Andresen J. , Singh M. P.
Published: May 2023

Core Ideas

Rapid and accurate estimation of corn kernel moisture in‐field is critical for timely harvests.

The NIRS sensor predicted corn kernel moisture with high accuracy (R2 ≥ .95) across a wide moisture range (15–60%).

Sensor accuracy was also consistent across multiple corn hybrids and environments.
A Template‐Free Pd2L4 Cage with up to Nanomolar Affinity for Chloride in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Sivalingam Vellaiyadevan , Krishnaswamy Shobhana , Chand Dillip Kumar
Published: May 2023

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Dillip Kumar Chand at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras. The image depicts the efficient chloride binding ability of a designer self‐assembled coordination cage in water. The binding occurs selectively even in presence of models of biologically abundant anionic systems. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202300891.
Cerium‐promoted Ni/SiO2 catalyst for CO methanation
Authors: Hou Zhanggui , Chen Yiming , Ma Xin , Zhou Ling , Wang Wen , Qiu Jiesan , Zhang Yi
Published: May 2023

Ce‐promoted Ni catalysts were developed and applied in a CO methanation reaction. The 10%Ni/SiO2 catalyst exhibits poor initial CO conversion (32.8%) and rapid deactivation with the highest methane selectivity during CO the methanation reaction. In contrast, the 4%Ce–10%Ni/SiO2 catalyst shows dramatically increased initial CO conversion, which is up to 90.7%. Additionally, the apparent activation energy, Ea value, of 4%Ce–10%Ni/SiO2 was calculated to be 102.2 kJ/mol according to the Arrhenius equation, which is much lower than that of the 10%Ni/SiO2 catalyst, which was 139.1 kJ/mol. Based on various characterization results, it is found that the added Ce significantly improves the dispersion of the supported nickel, suppresses the sintering of nickel particles, and forms more adsorbed CO species of three‐fold carbonyl species, resulting in higher CO conversion and good stability during the CO methanation reaction.
PROTOCOL: Assessment of outcome reporting bias in studies included in Campbell systematic reviews
Authors: Littell Julia H. , Gorman Dennis M. , Valentine Jeffrey C. , Pigott Therese D.
Published: May 2023

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: To identify methods used to assess the risk of outcome reporting bias (ORB) in studies included in recent Campbell systematic reviews of intervention effects. The review will answer the following questions: What proportion of recent Campbell reviews included assessment of ORB? How did recent reviews define levels of risk of ORB (what categories, labels, and definitions did they use)? To what extent and how did these reviews use study protocols as sources of data on ORB? To what extent and how did reviews document reasons for judgments about risk of ORB? To what extent and how did reviews assess the inter‐rater reliability of ORB ratings? To what extent and how were issues of ORB considered in the review's abstract, plain language summary, and conclusions?
Separating Vibrational Coherences in Ground/Excited Electronic States of Solvent/Solute Following Non‐Resonant/Resonant Impulsive Excitation
Authors: Dhamija Shaina , Bhutani Garima , De Arijit K.
Published: May 2023

In a quest to track down the origin of coherent vibrational motions observed in femtosecond pump‐probe transients, whether they arise from ground/excited electronic state of solute or are contributed by the solvent, we demonstrate a method for extricating vibrations under resonant and non‐resonant impulsive excitations using a diatomic solute in condensed phase (iodine in carbon tetrachloride) with aid of spectral dispersion of the chirped broadband probe. Most importantly, we show how a sum over intensities for a select region of detection wavelengths and Fourier transform of data over select temporal window untwine contributions from vibrational modes of different origins. Thus, in a single pump‐probe experiment, vibrational features specific to solute as well as solvent are disentangled that are otherwise spectrally overlapping and are non‐separable in conventional (spontaneous/stimulated) Raman spectroscopy employing narrowband excitation. We envision wide‐ranging applications of this method to unveil vibrational features in complex molecular systems.
Calculation of Mechanical Properties, Electronic Properties, and Thermodynamic Properties of AuAl Crystal: First‐Principles Calculation
Authors: Han Xujin , Liu Manmen , Zhou Xiaolong
Published: May 2023

The structural stability, elastic properties, electronic properties, and thermodynamic property (Debye temperature) of AuAl intermetallic compound (IMC) are systematically investigated using first‐principles calculations based on density functional theory. The elastic constants, elastic moduli (including bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio) and Vickers hardness, the density of states, and Debye temperature of AuAl under hydrostatic pressure are calculated. The calculation results show that AuAl is an elastic anisotropic material with low rigidity and high toughness under zero pressure. Under hydrostatic pressure, the anisotropy index decreases while the hardness and Debye temperature increase. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the study of the properties of bonding gold wire intermetallics.
A novel thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivative inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2: A story of computer‐aided drug discovery
Authors: Sobh Eman A. , Dahab Mohammed A. , Elkaeed Eslam B. , Alsfouk Bshra A. , Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Metwaly Ahmed M. , Eissa Ibrahim H.
Published: May 2023

Following the pharmacophoric features of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR‐2) inhibitors, a novel thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivative has been designed and its activity against VEGFR‐2 has been demonstrated by molecular docking studies that showed an accurate binding mode and an excellent binding energy. Furthermore, the recorded binding was confirmed by a series of molecular dynamics simulation studies, which also revealed precise energetic, conformational, and dynamic changes. Additionally, molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation and polymer‐induced liquid precursors studies were conducted and verified the results of the MD simulations. Next, in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity studies have also been conducted to examine the general drug‐like nature of the designed candidate. According to the previous results, the thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivative was synthesized. Fascinatingly, it inhibited VEGFR‐2 (IC50 = 68.13 nM) and demonstrated strong inhibitory activity toward human liver (HepG2), and prostate (PC3) cell lines with IC50 values of 6.60 and 11.25 µM, respectively. As well, it was safe and showed a high selectivity index against normal cell lines (WI‐38). Finally, the thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivative arrested the growth of the HepG2 cells at the G2/M phase inducing both early and late apoptosis. These results were further confirmed through the ability of the thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivative to induce significant changes in the apoptotic genes levels of caspase‐3, caspase‐9, Bcl‐2 associated X‐protein, and B‐cell lymphoma 2.
Work related musculoskeletal disorders among dermatologists: A review
Authors: Jazzar Yara , Beidas Tala , Shadid Asem M. , Demasi Carolina , Sulaiman Mohammad Abdulaziz Al
Published: May 2023

Background

Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSD's) is an entity that includes conditions and diseases that are caused or aggravated by a person's workplace conditions. Multiple studies have been published regarding WRMSD's affecting physicians among different specialties; however the prevalence and nature of WRMSD's affecting dermatologists is unknown.

Methods

The electronic database MEDLINE was searched through PubMed and the google scholar platform in February 2022 using the following search terms: “dermatologists AND work related musculoskeletal disorders”, “dermatologists AND ergonomics”, as well as “physicians AND work related musculoskeletal disorders”. All articles involving dermatologists or dermatology residents were included in this study.

Results

Our search revealed that WRMSD's among dermatologists were assessed in 11 Articles. However, Most literature addressing the topic of WRMSD's among dermatologists is focused on Mohs surgeons with only one article discussing dermatologists in general. The main complaints were pain and stiffness involving the neck, shoulders, and the lumbar area of the back, respectively.

Conclusion

Dermatologists in general are more likely to develop WRMSD's due to the nature of their work and the procedures they perform. However, there are very few articles published regarding this matter, and consequently, little is known about the WRMDs that affect dermatologists and the ergonomic solutions that could be applied to prevent them.