bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic burden of cardiovascular disease in the Russian Federation
Authors: Oganov R. G. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Kalinina A. M.
Published: October 2019

Aim.To analyze the social and economic burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Russian Federation for the period of 2006-2009.Material and methods. The analysis of the economic CVD burden included direct spending and economic loss related to CVD. Direct spending included hospitalization, ambulance service use, out-patient visits, high medical technologies, and out-patient pharmaceutical treatment. Economic loss included the loss in gross domestic product (GDP) due to death or disability in working-age people, as well as the disability benefits.Results.Total economic burden of CVD for 2008-2009 exceeded 1 trillion RUB, or 3 % of GDP for the respective period. Only one-fifth (21,3 %) of total economic burden of CVD in 2009 was represented by direct costs of the healthcare system. As much as 78,7 % of the total economic burden of CVD was represented by such indirect costs as economic loss, mostly due to premature mortality in working-age men.Conclusion. Substantial economic burden of CVD in theRussian Federation requires increased funding of preventive programs, aimed at CVD risk reduction, and healthcare optimization programs. This increased funding should facilitate mortality risk reduction in the working-age population.
Clinical role of apolipoproteins A and B
Authors: Chumakova G. A. , Gritsenko O. V. , Veselovskaya N. G. , Vakhromeeva E. V. , Kozarenko A. A.
Published: October 2019

The assessment and correction of the traditional parameters of atherogenic dyslipidemia are important, but not exclusive methods in the management of atherosclerosis, including coronary artery atherosclerosis. More accurate diagnostic and therapeutic assessment requires the measurement of apolipoprotein (Apo) A, ApoB, and their ratio.Lower ApoB/ApoAI ratio values denote lower levels of cardiovascular risk.
Russian mortality trends in the early XXI century: official statistics data
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Deev A. D.
Published: October 2019

From the second half of the XX century, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the main problems of the modern medicine. Over the last two decades, developed countries demonstrated a marked decrease in all-cause mortality and CVD mortality, in particular. InRussia, since the mid-1960s, all-cause mortality gradually increased, with the proportion of CVD deaths being over 50 %, which led to unparalleled high levels of national mortality. In 2009, the absolute number of CVD deaths was 1136661, or 1 case out of 1,8. In other words, 3114 Russian people die from CVD every day. From 2004, all-cause mortality, including CVD mortality, started to decline, and this tendency has continued until at least 2009, as demonstrated by the mortality rate of 801 per 100,000. However, the mortality levels are still higher than in the late 1980s. The authors analysed the CVD dynamics between 2003 (the highest levels) and 2009 inclusive, using the official national statistics data. The last few years demonstrated a positive tendency of declining mortality. In particular, the all-cause mortality (deaths per 100,000) decreased from1644,2 in2003 to1416,8 in2009 (by 13,8 %). CVD mortality decreased by 13,6 %, and more markedly mostly in working-age people (by 18,9 %). Therefore, in 2009, the number of lives saved due to the decreasing CVD mortality was 260741. Further studies will explain the recent mortality trends inRussia.
Demographic trends in the Russian Federation: the impact of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Oganov R. G. , Maslennikova G. Ya.
Published: October 2019

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Endothelial dysfunction and periodontal hemodynamic disturbances in young patients with nicotine dependence
Authors: Naumov A. V. , Vyshivanyuk V. A. , Vertkin A. L.
Published: October 2019

Aim.To investigate the association between periodontal hemodynamic disturbances and systemic endothelial dysfunction (ED); to assess the effectiveness of various toothpastes for periodontal disease prevention in patients with nicotine dependence.Material and methods.In total, 120 young individuals aged 22—28 years were divided into 2 groups, according to the presence or absence of nicotine dependence. All participants underwent ED assessment with the EndoPAT device. Microcirculation (MC) was assessed with the high-frequency Doppler ultrasound system MinimaxDoppler-K. Patients with nicotine dependence were divided into 2 subgroups. Subgroup A was recommended to use the R.O.C.S. toothpaste Anti-Tobacco (WDS Laboratories) twice a day, while Subgroup B participants were recommended to use the toothpaste Colgate Advanced Whitening with polishing micro-crystals (ColgatePalmolive Poland) twice a day.Results.Significant between-group differences were observed for reactive hyperemia index and augmentation index. ED severity was higher in smoking participants. Velocity and volume parameters of periodontal MC were lower in smokers. The use of each specialized toothpaste was associated with improved periodontal MC, decreased prevalence of periodontal pathology-related complaints, reduced periodontal pocket depth, and decreased periodontal index values; however, the Anti-Tobacco toothpaste was more effective.Conclusion.Young smokers demonstrated а more severe ED and disturbed periodontal MC, which manifested in a more advanced periodontal disease.
Scientometric approaches to the analysis of research results
Authors: Oganov R. G. , Trushchelev S. A.
Published: October 2019

The paper discusses the role of scientific medical information and its impact indicators (researcher’s publishing activity, citation index, impact factor, Hirsch index, etc.). The sources of these indicators are specified.
Mildronate effects on cognitive function in elderly patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Statsenko M. E. , Turkina S. V. , Tyshchenko I. A. , Poletaeva L. V. , Tsoma V. V. , Ledyaeva A. A. , Chumachok E. N. , Bykova O. L.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To assess the effects of the “interval” (3 months of treatment, followed by treatment-free 3 months) and “persistent” (52 weeks) therapy with Mildronate (500 mg/d) in elderly patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and cognitive dysfunction. Material and methods. In total, 1800 elderly patients with AH and mild to moderate cognitive dysfunction were randomised into 3 groups. Group I (“interval” treatment) included 60 patients (28 men and 32 women; mean age 69,13±1,09 years), who received Mildronate 500 mg once a day in the morning for 3 months, then had a treatment-free period of 3 months, followed by 3 months of therapy and 3 months of no therapy. Group II (“persistent” treatment) included 60 patients (20 men and 40 women; mean age 73,25±2,19 years), who received Mildronate 500 mg once a day in the morning for 12 months. Group III (controls) included 60 patients (16 men and 44 women; mean age 67,75±2,05 years), who were administered only standard antihypertensive treatment. The groups were comparable by age, gender, concomitant pathology, and blood pressure levels. To assess the cognitive status at Weeks 4, 12, 26, and 52, all participants underwent neuro-psychological testing (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Schulte test, Reiten test, Wechsler test, speech, memory (memorising 10 words), and counting test). Results. In elderly patients with AH, both regimens of Mildronate treatment were significantly associated with preserved cognitive and mnestic functions, which was manifested in increased mean scores of MMSE and its time domain. However, the “interval” Mildronate treatment was more beneficial than the “persistent” therapy, as the former was also linked to a significant improvement in attention and speech MMSE domain, reduction in the time of memorising 10 words and performing Reiten test, improvement in delayed memorisation, and increased mean score in Wechsler test. Conclusion. Additional treatment with Mildronate (500 mg/d), as both “interval” and “persistent” therapy, was associated with preserved cognitive and mnestic functions in elderly AH patients.
Recent Trends in Context Exploitation for Information Fusion and AI
Authors: Snidaro Lauro , Garcia Jesus , Llinas James , Blasch Erik
Published: October 2019

AI is related to information fusion (IF). Many methods in AI that use perception and reasoning align to the functionalities of high‐level IF (HLIF) operations that estimate situational and impact states. To achieve HLIF sensor, user, and mission management operations, AI elements of planning, control, and knowledge representation are needed. Both AI reasoning and IF inferencing and estimation exploit context as a basis for achieving deeper levels of understanding of complex world conditions. Open challenges for AI researchers include achieving concept generalization, response adaptation, and situation assessment. This article presents a brief survey of recent and current research on the exploitation of context in IF and discusses the interplay and similarities between IF, context exploitation, and AI. In addition, it highlights the role that contextual information can provide in the next generation of adaptive intelligent systems based on explainable AI. The article describes terminology, addresses notional processing concepts, and lists references for readers to follow up and explore ideas offered herein.
Integrating Context into Artificial Intelligence: Research from the Robotics Collaborative Technology Alliance
Authors: Schaefer Kristin E. , Oh Jean , Aksaray Derya , Barber Daniel
Published: October 2019

Applying context to a situation, task, or system state provides meaning and advances understanding that can affect future decisions or actions. Although people are naturally good at perceiving contextual understanding and inferring missing pieces of information using various alternative sources, this process is difficult for AI systems or robots, especially in high‐uncertainty and unstructured operations. Integration of context‐driven AI is important for future robotic capabilities to support the development of situation awareness, calibrate appropriate trust, and improve team performance in collaborative human‐robot teams. This article highlights advances in context‐driven AI for human‐robot teaming by the Army Research Laboratory's Robotics Collaborative Technology Alliance. Avenues of research discussed include how context enables robots to fill in the gaps to make effective decisions more quickly, supports more robust behaviors, and augments robot communications to suit the needs of the team under a variety of environments and team organizations and across missions.
Artificial Intelligence, Autonomy, and Human‐Machine Teams: Interdependence, Context, and Explainable AI: Editorial Introduction to the Special Articles on Context
Authors: Lawless W. F. , Mittu Ranjeev , Sofge Donald , Hiatt Laura
Published: October 2019

Because in military situations, as well as for self‐driving cars, information must be processed faster than humans can achieve, determination of context computationally, also known as situational assessment, is increasingly important. In this article, we introduce the topic of context, and we discuss what is known about the heretofore intractable research problem on the effects of interdependence, present in the best of human teams; we close by proposing that interdependence must be mastered mathematically to operate human‐machine teams efficiently, to advance theory, and to make the machine actions directed by AI explainable to team members and society. The special topic articles in this issue and a subsequent issue of AI Magazine review ongoing mature research and operational programs that address context for human‐machine teams.
Context‐Driven Proactive Decision Support for Hybrid Teams
Authors: Mishra Manisha , Mannaru Pujitha , Sidoti David , Bienkowski Adam , Zhang Lingyi , Pattipati Krishna R.
Published: October 2019

A synergy between AI and the Internet of Things (IoT) will significantly improve sense‐making, situational awareness, proactivity, and collaboration. However, the key challenge is to identify the underlying context within which humans interact with smart machines. Knowledge of the context facilitates proactive allocation among members of a human‐smart machine (agent) collective that balances autonomy with human interaction, without displacing humans from their supervisory role of ensuring that the system goals are achievable. In this article, we address four research questions as a means of advancing toward proactive autonomy: how to represent the interdependencies among the key elements of a hybrid team; how to rapidly identify and characterize critical contextual elements that require adaptation over time; how to allocate system tasks among machines and agents for superior performance; and how to enhance the performance of machine counterparts to provide intelligent and proactive courses of action while considering the cognitive states of human operators. The answers to these four questions help us to illustrate the integration of AI and IoT applied to the maritime domain, where we define context as an evolving multidimensional feature space for heterogeneous search, routing, and resource allocation in uncertain environments via proactive decision support systems.
Real-World Delivery of Rucaparib to Patients with Ovarian Cancer: Recommendations Based on an Integrated Safety Analysis of ARIEL2 and Study 10
Authors: Drew Yvette , Kristeleit Rebecca S. , Oaknin Ana , Ray-Coquard Isabelle , Haris Noor Md. , Swisher Elizabeth M.
Published: October 2019

Treatment options for women with recurrent ovarian cancer who have received two or more prior lines of chemotherapy have recently expanded with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Commission (EC) approvals of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor rucaparib. As more oncologists begin to use rucaparib and other PARP inhibitors as part of routine clinical practice, awareness of possible side effects and how to adequately manage toxicities is crucial. In this review, we summarize the safety and tolerability of rucaparib reported in an integrated safety analysis that supported the FDA's initial approval of rucaparib in the treatment setting. Additionally, drawing on clinical data and our personal experience with rucaparib, we provide our recommendations on the management of common side effects observed with rucaparib, including anemia, blood creatinine elevations, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase elevations, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal-related events (e.g., nausea, vomiting), and asthenia and fatigue. These side effects, many of which appear to be class effects of PARP inhibitors, are often self-limiting and can be managed with adequate interventions such as treatment interruption and/or dose reduction and the use of supportive therapies. Supportive therapies may include blood transfusions for patients with anemia, prophylactic medications to prevent nausea and vomiting, or behavioral interventions to mitigate fatigue. Understanding and appropriate management of potential side effects associated with rucaparib may allow patients with ovarian cancer to continue to benefit from rucaparib treatment.
Rock cavern development in Hong Kong: past, present and future
Authors: Ho Ying Kit , Tsang Wai Hon , Chan Chi Cheung
Published: October 2019

The steep hilly terrain of Hong Kong is a significant constraint on surface development but offers great opportunities for underground rock caverns. With multi-dimensional planning vision, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has recently published a territory-wide Cavern Master Plan, broadened cavern applications and reappraised cavern engineering practice to enable future cavern development. For example, the recent project to relocate Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works in 32 m span caverns will release approximately 28 ha of prime land for other beneficial uses. This paper gives an overview of the past and present cavern development in Hong Kong and discusses future cavern development from planning and engineering perspectives, with particular reference to the Sha Tin project.
New global standard for adapting to climate change led by a civil engineer
Authors: Dora John
Published: October 2019

BSI has recently published a new global standard to help organisations adapt to climate change. Civil engineer John Dora, who led the international drafting committee, says it will be of particular benefit to all those involved in designing, building and operating infrastructure.
Harşit Vadisi’nin Hermannia Nicolet, 1855 ve Hermanniella Berlese, 1908 (Acari, Oribatida) türleri üzerine taksonomik araştırmalar
Authors: Karabörklü Zehra , Ayyıldız Nusret
Published: October 2019

Oribatid akarlar; çok çeşitli habitatlarda
yaşayan, bu habitatlarda küçük eklembacaklıların en büyük kısmını oluşturan ve
ayrışma işleminde önemli rol oynayan organizmalardır. Onlardan Hermannia Nicolet, 1855 ve Hermanniella Berlese, 1908 cinslerine
ait taksonlar, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında Harşit Vadisi’nden toplanan örnekler
içerisinden seçilerek taksonomik bakımdan değerlendirildi. Yapılan
değerlendirme sonucunda toplam üç tür tespit edildi. Bunlardan Hermanniella
picea (Koch, 1839) Türkiye
faunası için yeni kayıt olarak, Hermannia (Hermannia) gibba Koch, 1839 ve Hermanniella dolosa Grandjean,
1931 ise daha önce Türkiye’den bilinen taksonlar olarak
tespit edildi. Toplanan toprak,
yaprak döküntüsü, orman altı bitkileri, liken, yosun, ağaç kabuğu gibi
materyalden oribatid akarların seçilmesi Berlese-Tullgren huni düzeneği
kullanılarak yapıldı. Seçilen akarlar %80’lik etil alkolde tespit edildi ve
depolandı. Akar örneklerinin teşhisi ve incelenmesinde ışık ve tarama elektron
mikroskopları kullanıldı. Sonuç olarak; belirlenen taksonların tarama elektron
mikroskobunda fotoğrafları çekildi, örneklerimiz üzerinden tanımları gözden
geçirildi. Ayrıca Türkiye’den bilinen cins ve türler için teşhis anahtarları
düzenlendi.
Efficiency of infiltration anesthesia with levobupivacaine and ropivacaine after the knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ageenko A. M , Baitov V. S , Pervukhin S. A
Published: October 2019

Purpose: to study the efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine as the main component of infiltration anesthesia after knee arthroplasty. Patients and methods. Open randomized study included 284 patients (20 - 81 years) after total knee arthroplasty. Patients were divided into 2 groups, 142 patients in each group, depending on the anesthetic used (levobupivacaine or ropivacaine). The severity of pain syndrome within the first 48 hours after the operation by VAS, the need for the use of narcotic analgesics, presence of side effects was evaluated. Results. The mean time of acute pain occurrence was 255±83 min in ropivacaine group and 238±87 min in levobupiavacaine group (p=108). In 4 hours after surgical intervention 30 and 43% of patients from ropivacaine and levobupiavacainegroups required narcotic analgetics, respectively. Neither serious side effects nor complications directly related to infiltration anesthesia were recorded. Conclusion. Infiltration anesthesia with both levobupivacaine and ropivacaine is simple, safe and effective method for pain arrest after surgical interventuions of the knee joint.
Single worm lysis v1
Authors: Barlow Ida
Published: October 2019

Exraction of genomic DNA (gDNA) from single adult C. elegans suitable for downstream molecular biology applications such as PCR.
Phage lambda genome concatemerization v1
Authors: Ceelen Marijn
Published: October 2019

This protocol is used to create concatemers of phage genomes. This is done by ligating phage lambda genomes using the overhangs at the cos site with T4 ligase.
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis v2
Authors: Balletbó Alba , Bol Sebastiaan
Published: October 2019

Gel electrophoresis is the standard lab procedure for separating DNA by size (e.g., length in base pairs) for visualization and purification. Electrophoresis uses an electrical field to move the negatively charged DNA through an agarose gel matrix toward a positive electrode. Shorter DNA fragments migrate through the gel more quickly than longer ones. Thus, you can determine the approximate length of a DNA fragment by running it on an agarose gel alongside a DNA ladder (a collection of DNA fragments of known lengths).
MojoSort™ Selection Kits Column Protocol - 4 v1
Authors: Li Sam
Published: October 2019

BioLegend MojoSort™ nanobeads work in commonly used separation columns, based on our internal research as well as validation by external testing by academic labs. This simple protocol consists of following the MojoSort™ protocol to label the cells with pre-diluted MojoSort™ reagents and using the columns as indicated by the manufacturer. Note: Due to the properties of our beads, it may be possible to use far fewer beads that with other commercial suppliers. We recommend a titration to find the best dilution factor. However, as a general rule, dilutions ranging from 1:3 to 1:20 for the Nanobeads can be used. Please contact BioLegend Technical Service (tech@biolegend.com) if further assistance is needed.
MojoSort™ Human CD4 T Cell Selection Kit Column Protocol - CD4 Nanobeads v1
Authors: Li Sam
Published: October 2019

BioLegend MojoSort™ nanobeads work in commonly used separation columns, based on our internal research as well as validation by external testing by academic labs. This simple protocol consists of following the MojoSort™ protocol to label the cells with pre-diluted MojoSort™ reagents and using the columns as indicated by the manufacturer. Note: Due to the properties of our beads, it may be possible to use far fewer beads than with other commercial suppliers. We recommend a titration to find the best dilution factor. However, as a general rule, dilutions ranging from 1:3 to 1:20 for the Nanobeads can be used. Please contact BioLegend Technical Service (tech@biolegend.com) if further assistance is needed.
MojoSort™ Mouse CD326 (Ep-CAM) Selection Kits Column Protocol v1
Authors: Li Sam
Published: October 2019

BioLegend MojoSort™ nanobeads work in commonly used separation columns, based on our internal research as well as validation by external testing by academic labs. This simple protocol consists of following the MojoSort™ protocol to label the cells with pre-diluted MojoSort™ reagents and using the columns as indicated by the manufacturer. Note: Due to the properties of our beads, it may be possible to use far fewer beads and less antibody than with other commercial suppliers. We recommend a titration to find the best dilution factor. However, as a general rule, dilutions ranging from 1:3 to 1:20 for the Nanobeads can be used. Please contact BioLegend Technical Service (tech@biolegend.com) if further assistance is needed.
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis v3
Authors: Balletbó Alba , Kuiper Sebastiaan
Published: October 2019

Gel electrophoresis is the standard lab procedure for separating DNA by size (e.g., length in base pairs) for visualization and purification. Electrophoresis uses an electrical field to move the negatively charged DNA through an agarose gel matrix toward a positive electrode. Shorter DNA fragments migrate through the gel more quickly than longer ones. Thus, you can determine the approximate length of a DNA fragment by running it on an agarose gel alongside a DNA ladder (a collection of DNA fragments of known lengths).
Overcoming Institutional, Scientific, and Cross-disciplinary Barriers for Healthcare and Disease Transmission Research in County Jail Settings: Integrating Genomics, Survey Data, and Biological Data Collection Strategies
Authors: Fofanov Viacheslav Y. , Hepp Crystal M. , Cocking Jill Hager , Trotter Robert T.
Published: October 2019

More than 20 million Americans are currently or have been previously incarcerated and 12 million cycle in and out of the criminal justice system each year. Despite the importance of the jail populations, there are a number of barriers to conducting research in this setting. Challenges in recruiting jail inmates without undue coercion while ensuring proper consent are significant. Even simple things like participant compensation are complicated in an environment when participants do not have direct access to cash or choices for places to spend it. Finally, simply carrying out surveys and biological specimen collection is complicated by the requirement of not introducing contraband into a controlled jail environment. Over the last two years, we have designed and carried out a study within a county detention facility in Arizona. We have successfully enrolled, surveyed, and collected bio-specimens from 200 currently incarcerated individuals, facing and resolving the challenges outlined above. Our solutions to these can be of great benefit to other researchers attempting cross-disciplinary analyses in jail settings.
Дивный, новый «цифровой мир»: постирония как ценностная установка мировоззрения миллениалов
Authors: Павлов Александр Владимирович
Published: October 2019

В статье ставится проблема понимания ценностных оснований «цифрового поколения» (миллениалов) как части общества. С этой целью автор рассматривает, каким образом в Интернете реализуется «социальность», описывает увлеченность миллениалов новейшими технологиями, сравнивает по нескольким критериям два поколения — «Х» и «Y» (миллениалов). Далее предлагается осторожная гипотеза: если культура постмодерна предполагала всепоглощающую иронию (главная мировоззренческая установка «поколения Х»), то новая культура во многом продуцирует и отражает постиронию. Именно последнюю автор статьи пытается описать как ключевой принцип ценностных основ миллениалов. В тексте также утверждается, что «постирония», ставшая популярной в России, не имеет ничего общего с тем, что стали понимать под термином в западном мире. Автор говорит о постиронии в академическом (западном) значении.
Осознанная многодетность как социальное явление
Authors: Ибрагимова Альбина Ахметовна , Испулова Светлана Николаевна
Published: October 2019

Настоящая статья посвящена изучению осознанного многодетного родительства как социального явления. Рассмотрены структура родительства, а также сущность материнства и отцовства как ключевых компонентов данной структуры. Выделены факторы формирования осознанной многодетности, такие как потребность родителей в самореализации, индивидуальная направленность личности на рождение и воспитание детей, низкая степень выраженности у индивидов мотивов ограничения числа детей и рациональное планирование большего их числа, связанное с наличием достаточного уровня материального благополучия и поддержки со стороны близких родственников и членов семьи.
Экологический гуманизм в «цифровом обществе»
Authors: Луков Сергей Валерьевич
Published: October 2019

В статье выдвигается концепция экологического гуманизма применительно к «цифровому обществу». В ее основе представление о том, что человек — не высшее достижение природы, а такой результат развития ее биосферы, который соразмерен и этой биосфере, и всем освоенным и осваиваемым человеком сущностям Вселенной (включая и неживую природу).
Вуз, организация учебного процесса в нем: удовлетворенность и ожидания студентов
Authors: Луков Сергей Валерьевич
Published: October 2019

Статья представляет данные опроса студентов Московского гуманитарного университета, проведенного в феврале — марте 2019 г. Опрос составлял обязательную часть государственной аккредитации вуза по разработанным в Рособрнадзоре инструментариям и был направлен на выявление удовлетворенности обучающихся вузом, качеством образования в нем. Хотя опрос такого рода не является эмпирическим социологическим исследованием, его данные могут быть использованы в социологии молодежи, социологии образования и т. д. для вторичного анализа данных. Показано, что недостатки инструментария (отсутствие социально-демографи­ческого блока, отнесение одной шкалы к двум вопросам, неполнота шкал) в этом случае чаще всего не мешают при сопоставлении данных внутри опроса (с учетом разницы в направлениях подготовки) и вне его (имея в виду данные других опросов) использовать этот массив в аспекте выявления удовлетворенностей и ожиданий.

Однако должен учитываться и Хоторнский эффект, который в этом случае связывается с идентификацией значительной части обучаемых со «своим» вузом, что несколько повышает (на 2–4%) показатели удовлетворенности им и его образовательными возможностями и деятельностью.
Фразеологические единицы с кулинарным компонентом в симболарии карнавальной культуры Средневековья
Authors: Вышенская Юлия Павловна
Published: October 2019

Настоящее исследование выполнено в русле контрастивного направления и обращено к изучению вопроса об образности фразеологических единиц. Контрастивность характера исследования предполагает выявление и описание принципов отбора образных оснований фразеологизмов как косвенное свидетельство связи единиц данной природы с окультуренным мировосприятием того или иного народа. Предлагается опыт сравнительно-сопоставительного анализа функционирования означенного типа фразеологических единиц в произведениях карнавализованных жанров английской и французской литературы эпохи позднего Средневековья и раннего Возрождения. Это дает возможность сопоставить окультуренное мировосприятие в британской и романской модификациях.

Тип мировосприятия находит отображение в симболарии средневековой культуры, характеризуемого изменчивостью, обусловленной изменчивостью форм сознания в культурном сообществе на определенном этапе развития, и репрезентировано в создаваемых культурой текстах.

Культурная значимость фразеологических единиц в тексте-источнике значительно отличается культурной значимостью в синхронно рассматриваемом тексте, чем вызвано внимание к интерпретации направления смысловых изменений, которым подвергаются фразеологические единицы.

Важное положение в симболарии средневековой карнавальной культуры занимают фразеологические единицы с кулинарным компонентом. Эта группа формирует своеобразный кулинарный код как разновидность культурного кода, той призмы, сквозь которую раскрываются национальные особенности миропонимания.
Gaziantep ve Osmaniye Sebze Alanlarında Bulunan Kök-ur Nematodu Türleri (Meloidogyne spp.)’nin Teşhisi ile Bazı Nematod Popülasyon Irklarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: GÜRKAN Betül , ÇETİNTAŞ Ramazan , GÜRKAN Tolga
Published: October 2019

Kök-ur nematodları dünyada
ve Türkiye’de sebze üretim alanlarında görülen önemli zararlı gruplarından
biridir. Bu zararlılarla mücadelenin temeli ise doğru teşhis ve
tanımlanmalarına bağlıdır. Bu amaçla 2016-2017 yıllarında yapılan çalışmada,
Gaziantep (Islahiye, Nizip, Oğuzeli, Şahinbey, Şehitkamil ve Yavuzeli) ve
Osmaniye (Bahçe, Düziçi, Hasanbeyli, Kadirli, Sumbas ve Toprakkale) illeri
sebze alanları, kök-ur nematodları bakımından incelenmiş olup alınan 177 kök
örneğinden 69 tanesinin bulaşık olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu örneklerde bulunan Meloidogyne türleri
biyokimyasal esteraz izoenzim fenotipleri ve morfolojik perineal pattern teşhis
yöntemleri kullanılarak teşhisleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca Kuzey Karolina Konukçu
Testi yardımı ile 20 popülasyonun ırkı belirlenmiştir. Elekroforesis yardımı
ile esteraz fenotipleri ve perineal teşhisine göre ilgili alanlarda Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne arenaria ve Meloidogyne luci türlerinin olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen 20 popülasyonda M. incognita’ya ait ırk 1, ırk 2, ırk 3, M. javanica’ya ait ırk 3, M.
arenaria’ya ait ırk 1 ve ırk 3 olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
La paz: escena en cinco actos
Authors: Rojas Maria Claudia
Published: October 2019

Cinco versiones poéticas de la paz escritas por profesores-creadores de la Universidad enfocan la borrosa y, además, deformada imagen del otro, la evocan desde la narrativa del teatro. Un valioso recurso en tiempos de posconflicto cuando se clama por una sensibilidad bien puesta y una mirada libre de sesgos. Esta, que por ahora es una iniciativa editorial reunida por Entreletras, promete mudar de su estadio escrito a un ciclo escénico en el mediano plazo.
El discurso político o el poder del lenguaje
Authors: Juliao Vargas Carlos Germán , Zarta Rojas Fabián Andrey
Published: October 2019

En el marco de la vastísima discusión filosófica sobre los alcances y límites de la democracia liberal, surge la pregunta acerca de la relación entre lenguaje, acción y poder. Para intentar comprender qué mueve a los individuos a asumir posiciones y ejecutar acciones, debe considerarse que el discurso político implica un delicado balance entre los ideales y el pragmatismo. Pero, ¿es eso posible?
La dignidad humana según el debate Burke vs Paine hallado en las obras Reflexiones sobre la revolución en Francia y Derechos del hombre
Authors: Gómez Alarcón Andrés Eduardo
Published: October 2019

la presente investigación tuvo su origen en la búsqueda de las raíces del concepto actual de dignidad humana. De ahí que el lector pueda ver en este escrito el resultado del análisis sobre dicha noción en uno de los debates más importantes del siglo XVIII, a saber, el que sostuvieron, por un lado, el liberal e historicista Edmund Burke y, por el otro, el liberal e individualista Thomas Paine, el cual tuvo como base las circunstancias que rodearon la Revolución Francesa de 1789. En el curso del texto serán identificadas y confrontadas ambas propuestas, específicamente en lo atinente a la dignidad, tanto la del británico, en el libro Reflexiones sobre la Revolución en Francia de 1790, que está fincada en la defensa de la tradición, la misma que conlleva un gobierno moderado y limitado donde se respetan los derechos que el uso y la costumbre le otorgan al hombre en sociedad; como la del estadounidense, hallada en Derechos del hombre de 1791, para quien la fuente de los derechos y las libertades es la naturaleza propia del hombre fuera de la sociedad, razón por la cual, en ésta solo hay un intercambio de los derechos naturales que en nada pueden afectar el uso y el goce de los mismos.
El joven Lukács y las ciencias del espíritu
Authors: Correa Castañeda Diego Fernando
Published: October 2019

la relación que existe entre Lukács y Vattimo está determinada por la manera diferente en que se enfrentan a los postulados del materialismo, tanto histórico como dialéctico. La radicalidad del filósofo húngaro es suavizada por el filósofo italiano. Los presupuestos de absolutismo que tienen los juicios estéticos y éticos lukácsianos son tomados de una manera menos radical por Gianni Vattimo. En este artículo haremos un recorrido a través de este tipo de interacciones. Veremos que los momentos históricos a los que se enfrentaron son totalmente distintos, por lo que los resultados y las posteriores maneras de aplicación son también diferentes.
Impact of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress on carcinogenesis and progression of prostate and colorectal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Fryczkowski Michal , Hejmo Tomasz , Bułdak Magdalena , Stachowska Marta , Żwirska-Korczala Krystyna , Rokicka Joanna
Published: October 2019

Nowotwory jelita grubego i prostaty są jednymi z najczęściej występujących nowotworów w Polsce, a zapadalność na nie stale rośnie. Przewlekły stan zapalny i stres oksydacyjny są znanymi czynnikami promującymi rozwój nowotworów. Cytokiny prozapalne, takie jak IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 oraz TNF-α, są wytwarzane w prawidłowych komórkach i odpowiadają za kontrolę kluczowych procesów. Związana z występowaniem przewlekłego stanu zapalnego nadprodukcja może jednak indukować transformację nowotworową, a następnie wspomagać rozwój nowotworu przez ekspresję cytokin przez komórki mikrośrodowiska guza. Stężenie cytokin prozapalnych w surowicy krwi oraz ekspresja w tkance guza mogą być czynnikami diagnostycznymi i prognostycznymi u pacjentów chorych na raka jelita grubego lub prostaty, a terapia antycytokinowa może wydłużyć czas ich przeżycia.
THE USE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) FOR IMPROVING SANITARY-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE AND SOCIO-HYGIENIC MONITORING
Authors: Karelin Aleksandr O. , Lomtev A. Yu. , Gorbanev S. A. , Yeremin G. B. , Novikova Yu. A.
Published: October 2019

The article represents the analysis of reasons and possibilities of the usage of the geographic information systems (GIS) in the field of the sanitary-epidemiological surveillance and the social-hygienic monitoring. There are discussed the main advantages of GIS for the establishment of relations between health of the population and the environmental pollution. Requirements to maps and databases are given. Uncertainties and problems of databases on health of the population and state of environment are under consideration. Value of GIS for spatial planning and justification of sanitary protection zones and the prospects of their use in the Northwest region are shown.
MEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE DEGRADATION OF THE PERMAFROST ZONE: PROBLEM OF PALEOVIRAL CONTAMINATION
Authors: Elpiner Leonid I. , Dzyuba A. V.
Published: October 2019

We present the concept of a possible global viral infestation associated with the processes of permafrost melting and probability of groundwater contamination with paleoviruses. The most realistic mechanism of the development of this process is considered, as well as possible ways of forming of a new epidemic situation, depending on characteristics of groundwater and surface water use for drinking purposes by the population of the permafrost zone (permafrost). The necessity of in-depth development of large-scale multi-disciplinary researches in order to clarify the pathogenetic significance of paleoviruses in the permafrost zone and assess the need of the development of the composition and the nature of the complex environmental and anti-epidemic measures is substantiated.
ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF LANDSCAPES ACCORDING TO THE PRODUCTIVITY OF VEGETATION
Authors: Miulgauzen Daria S. , Pankratova L. A. , Lesovaia S. N.
Published: October 2019

Mining and processing of mineral resources causes the technological environmental impact, including the vegetation. Using field findings, the productivity of plant communities was estimated according to NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) - index of the amount of photosynthetically active biomass. Zones are outlined by the degree of damaged vegetation, characterizing the impact of Pechenganikel Mining and Metallurgical Combine (Murmansk Oblast). For the area of 380 km2, located in the vicinity of combine, the map of the damaged vegetation in the environs of urban-type settlement Nikel (1:100 000) was created in the program MapInfo Professional 11.5. Analysis of the map have shown the greatest pollution to be appeared in the north-eastern, eastern and south-eastern directions from the Pechenganikel combine due to the prevalence of the south and south-west winds as well as the uplands with an average height of 300-400m in the northern, eastern and southern adjacencies of Nikel. For zones with the considerable deterioration of vegetation the existence conditions for local areas with fewer disturbances than the surrounding area is determined. Plants growing in the zone of intensive technogenic impact, accumulate heavy metals in significant quantities that should be considered in a detailed researching of pollutants’ content in plants, especially for those used as food. Moreover, NDVI reveals pollutants to spread over a far larger area than can be visually find out only due to field studies, as the outward signs of vegetation response to pollution do not always give the100% certainty.
HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF NUTRITION ON HEALTH OF STUDENTS
Authors: Ushakov I. B. , Esaulenko I. E. , Popov V. I. , Petrova Tatyana N.
Published: October 2019

There are presented results of the study of the hygienic assessment of actual nutrition of students. On the basis of obtained results there was established the imbalance of the consumption of essential chemical elements - essential macronutrients and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). There is considered the problem of the attitude of contemporary students to nutrition and nutrition peculiarities of students. The results allow make a conclusion that the nutrition of students at the medical University cannot be considered as satisfactory. There were revealed serious violations in the diet regime and nutrition ration. Against background of these violations there was noted the high level of overall morbidity rate, including nutrition-related diseases. This leads to the relevance of the development and implementation of the program to optimize the nutrition in the system of higher education.
Psychopathology in Violent Offenders Against Healthcare Workers
Authors: Askin Rustem , Vahapoglu Fatih , Onen Sinay , Kanat Bilgen Bicer , Taymur Ibrahim , Budak Ersin
Published: October 2019

Workplace violence in healthcare is gradually becoming a major concern in many countries around the world and research has usually been focused on the victims of violence. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychopathology of individuals who commit violence against healthcare workers. The study included 50 subjects (patient or relative of patient) aged 18–65 years who had committed violence against a healthcare worker (study group) and a control group of 55 subjects with no history of violence. A Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Form (EPQ-RSF) were administered to both the study group and the control group. A psychiatric disorder was diagnosed in 50% of the violent offenders group and in 16.4% of the control group. It was determined that 54.8% of the patient relatives and 44.4% of the patients themselves who committed a violent act against healthcare workers had at least one psychiatric diagnosis and these rates did not differ between the patients and their relatives (χ2 = 0.492, p = 0.483). Comparisons of the scale scores between the groups revealed that the STAXI scores (p < .001), BIS-11 total scores (p < .001), BDI, and BAI scores were statistically significantly higher in the violent offenders group. Considering the higher rates of psychiatric disorders and higher levels of anger and impulsivity among people who commit violent acts against healthcare workers, psychotherapeutic interventions such as stress and anger management interventions, improvement of interaction and communication between patients, their relatives and healthcare workers, and the implementation of rehabilitating punitive programs for violent offenders may be beneficial to reduce the rates of violent behavior against healthcare workers.
Development and Validation of the Bladder and Bowel Incontinence Phobia Severity Scale
Authors: Kuoch Kenley L. J. , Meyer Denny , Austin David W. , Knowles Simon R.
Published: October 2019

The current research investigates the development and validation of the Bladder and Bowel Incontinence Phobia Severity Scale (BBIPSS). Over two studies, two independent samples consisting of university students and respondents from the general public were used to validate the scale (study 1n= 226; study 2n= 377). A 15-item, two-factor model was confirmed in study 2 where strong construct (convergent and divergent) validity was demonstrated. The BBIPSS did not display significant correlations with openness and gender (divergent validity) and displayed significant correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress scores (DASS), alongside paruresis and parcopresis scores (Shy Bladder and Bowel Scale [SBBS]; convergent validity) and the Bowel and Bladder-Control Anxiety Scale [BoBCAtS]. The BBIPSS also demonstrated strong test–retest reliability (bladderr= 0.89; bowelr= 0.86) in a small sample of adults (n= 13). Overall, this scale provides researchers and clinicians with a reliable and psychometrically valid assessment tool to measure bladder and bowel incontinence phobia severity.
Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of an Adapted Transdiagnostic Treatment for Children With Executive Function Deficits
Authors: Elias Rebecca , Murphy Haley G. , Turner K. Amber , White Susan W.
Published: October 2019

Few psychological interventions exist to target executive function difficulties in children and adolescents. The current study modified the Unstuck and On Target! intervention protocol for use in an outpatient clinic setting with a diagnostically diverse group of participants. Participants engaged in a 10-week child and parent group treatment with assessment measurement at pre- and post-treatment. Assessments consisted of parent-report questionnaires, clinician-administered tasks, and treatment fidelity ratings. Results suggest that the modified intervention was delivered with high fidelity and is feasible and acceptable in a transdiagnostic sample. Although preliminary, efficacy appears promising and suggests that parent-rated executive function, as well as behavioral and emotional challenges, are amenable to change as a result of intervention participation. The results imply that the modified intervention has merit, and should be further explored within the context of larger studies.
A AMBIENTALIZAÇÃO CURRICULAR E SUSTENTABILIDADE NA UNIVERSIDADE REGIONAL DE BLUMENAU: UMA PROPOSTA DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL CRÍTICA COM ARTE
Authors: Schulz Luciane , Peruzzo Leomar , Carvalho Carla
Published: October 2019

A Ambientalização Curricular e a Educação Ambiental Crítica são conceitos em desenvolvimento em Instituições de Ensino Superior. Este estudo discute os efeitos de uma ação de Educação Ambiental Crítica e Ambientalização Curricular e Sustentabilidade em uma Universidade localizada no vale do Itajaí - Santa Catarina. O objetivo é discutir os efeitos do projeto Faxina Verde em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior considerando os conceitos de Educação Ambiental Crítica, Ambientalização Curricular e Sustentabilidade e a Arte. Analisa os registros da ação realizada nos espaços da Universidade participante da pesquisa e da entrevista semiestruturada realizada com estudantes e docentes da mesma instituição. Os resultados acenam a constatação de que os ambientes naturais da universidade recebem cuidado precário, e que o projeto Faxina Verde mobilizou reflexivamente estudantes realizadores do projeto, docentes da instituição e a comunidade externa, ao expor as produções artísticas em espaço de intensa circulação.