bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERHITUNGAN BIAYA DAN PENGHEMATAN DARI RENCANA PENERAPAN SISTEM PEMANENAN AIR HUJAN DI APARTEMEN ROYAL MEDITERANIA
Authors: Kietowibowo Julian , Sutandi Arianti , Kurniawan Vittorio
Published: August 2020

Rainwater harvesting system is system that can be used to collect rain water that falls on the roof to be used as raw water for example to water a garden, to flush water in the toilet, etc. Another benefit of the rainwater harvesting system is also to reduce rainwater runoff to the city channel so as to reduce flood discharge. In this study an analysis of rainwater harvesting systems was made at Royal Mediterania Garden Apartment, from a financial perspective to find out the amount of costs carried out for the construction of a rainwater harvesting system and the magnitude of the savings prospects resulting from making this system, then the investment payback time was also calculated using the method payback period. From the calculation results, the time needs to return the investment is 11 years 11 months 8 days. So in terms of the length of time required to return the initial investment, making this system less attractive. Another thing that can be considered is following the existing government regulations in making this rainwater harvesting system and also reduce the use of raw water and can be one of the criteria in making the building as a green building.  ABSTRAKSistem pemanenan air hujan adalah salah satu sistem yang dapat digunakan untuk menampung air hujan yang jatuh ke atap untuk kemudian digunakan sebagai air baku misalnya untuk menyiram taman, untuk menyiram air di toilet, dan lain-lain. Fungsi lain dari sistem pemanenan air hujan ini juga dalah untuk mengurangi limpasan air hujan ke saluran kota sehingga dapat mengurangi debit banjir. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis pembuatan sistem pemanenan air hujan di Apartemen Royal Mediterania Garden, dari segi finansial untuk mengetahui besarnya biaya yang dipelukan untuk konstruksi sistem pemanenan air hujan serta besarnya prospek penghematan yang dihasilkan dari pembuatan sistem ini, kemudian dihitung juga waktu pengembalian investasi dengan metode payback period. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan waktu yang diperlukan untuk pengembalian investasi adalah selama 11 tahun 11 bulan 8 hari. Sehingga ditinjau dari segi lamanya waktu yang diperlukan untuk pengembalian investasi awal, pembuatan sistem ini kurang menarik. Hal lain yang dapat menjadi pertimbangan adalah mengikuti peraturan pemerintah yang ada dalam pembuatan sistem pemanenan air hujan ini, dan juga mengurangi pemakaian air baku serta dapat menjadi salah satu keriteria dalam menjadikan bangunan sebagai bangunan hijau.
PERANCANGAN FONDASI TIANG PANCANG PADA TANAH BERPOTENSI LIKUIFAKSI DI SULAWESI
Authors: Jusuf Markus , Kawanda Aksan
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTIndonesia is a country located in the most active earthquake paths in the world. This makes Indonesia prone to earthquakes and has the potential to experience liquefaction. Liquefaction can cause pile failure, so several things need to be considered in designing piles on potentially liquefied soils. One project in Sulawesi has a profile of uniform grained saturated soil that is susceptible to liquefaction. Two things that need to be considered in the design of piles on potentially liquefied soils is to ignore the capacity of pile friction and calculate the moment due to lateral spreading effects. Calculation of liquefaction potential is done by comparing the ratio of the cyclic stress and the cyclic resistance ratio and is compared by four other methods namely: the Seed et al. (2003), Tsuchida (1970), Seed et al. (2003), and Bray & Sancio (2004). The lateral spreading effect is calculated by referring to the JRA Code where the liquefied soil layer gives pressure to the pile at 30% of the overburden stress and the soil layer above the liquefied soil gives passive soil pressure to the pole. The moment effect caused by lateral spreading results in the addition of dimensions or number of poles.Keywords: liquefaction; lateral spreading; bearing capacity; JRA Code; pile foundationABSTRAKIndonesia adalah negara yang terletak di jalur gempa teraktif di dunia. Hal ini menyebabkan Indonesia rawan gempa dan memiliki potensi untuk mengalami likuifaksi. Likuifaksi dapat menyebabkan kerusakan/kegagalan struktur yang sangat merugikan, sehingga perlu diperhatikan beberapa hal dalam merancang tiang pada tanah berpotensi likuifaksi. Salah satu proyek di Sulawesi memiliki profil tanah pasir berbutir seragam dan jenuh air yang memiliki potensi likuifaksi. Dua hal yang perlu diperhitungkan dalam perancangan tiang pada tanah berpotensi likuifaksi adalah mengabaikan daya dukung friksi tiang dan memperhitungkan momen akibat efek lateral spreading. Perhitungan potensi likuifaksi dilakukan dengan membandingkan rasio tegangan siklik (CSR) dan rasio hambatan siklik (CRR) serta dibandingkan dengan empat metode lainnya yaitu: metode Seed et al. (2003), Tsuchida (1970), Seed et al. (2003), dan Bray & Sancio (2004). Daya dukung aksial pada tiang pancang mengalami pengurangan 32% akibat lapisan tanah yang terlikuifaksi. Efek lateral spreading dihitung dengan acuan JRA Code dimana lapisan tanah terlikuifaksi memberikan tekanan ke tiang sebesar 30% dari tegangan overburden dan lapisan tanah di atas tanah terlikuifaksi memberikan tekanan tanah pasif ke tiang. Efek momen yang diakibatkan oleh lateral spreading mengakibatkan penambahan dimensi ataupun jumlah tiang.Kata kunci: likuifaksi; lateral spreading; daya dukung; JRA Code; fondasi tiang
STUDI PENGARUH KEMIRINGAN, JARAK, DAN PANJANG SOIL NAILING TERHADAP STABILITAS LERENG
Authors: Simorangkir Melin Ester , Suhendra Andryan
Published: August 2020

A landslide happened at a slope in South Sulawesi. The slope has 4 soil layers with a height of 15 m and a slope angle of 69,86°. Stability of the slope needs to be analized with a program based on limit equilibrium to know the value of its safety factor. After being analyzed, the safety factor of the slope is 0,883, which is less than 1,5. It shows that the slope need a soil reinforcement. For this analysis, soil nailing is being used to be the soil reinforcement. With using soil nailing, the stability of the slope needs to be analyzed again with a program based on limit equilibrium . In each analysis, there are some variations. The first analysis is a variety of nail inclination. The second analysis is a variety of nail spacing. The third analysis is a variety of nail length. The result of the safety factor of all analysis is more than minimal, 1,5. Pada suatu lereng di daerah Sulawesi Selatan, terjadi longsor. Lereng yang mengalami longsor tersebut memiliki 4 lapisan tanah dengan ketinggian lerengnya 15 m dan kemiringan lerengnya 69,86°. Stabilitas lereng perlu dianalisis menggunakan sebuah program berbasis metode kesetimbangan batas untuk mengetahui nilai keamanan lereng tersebut. Setelah dianalisis, diketahui nilai keamanan lereng di bawah 1,5, yaitu 0,883. Nilai keamanan lereng tersebut menunjukkan bahwa lereng tersebut membutuhkan sebuah metode perkuatan tanah. Pada analisis ini, metode perkuatan tanah yang digunakan pada lereng adalah soil nailing. Dengan menggunakan soil nailing, dilakukan analisis stabilitas lereng kembali menggunakan program berbasis metode kesetimbangan batas untuk memperoleh angka faktor keamanan lereng. Di setiap analisis menggunakan soil nailing, digunakan beberapa variasi nail. Analisis stabilitas lereng pertama menggunakan variasi kemiringan nail. Analisis stabilitas lereng kedua menggunakan variasi jarak antar nail. Analisis stabilitas lereng ketiga menggunakan variasi panjang nail. Hasil akhir faktor keamanan lereng setelah dilakukan semua analisis adalah lebih dari 1,5.
A ampliação do acesso ao Ensino Superior e as condições oferecidas para o processo formativo: os institutos federais brasileiros em análise
Authors: De Castro Sabrina Olimpio Caldas , Martin Débora Gonzaga , Júnior Nuno Felizardo , Da Fonseca Valter Machado , De Almeida Fernanda Maria
Published: August 2020

O estudo consiste em analisar os Institutos Federais, na perspectiva de política pública para ampliação do acesso ao ensino superior, bem como aferir as condições oferecidas por estas instituições para o processo formativo. Utilizou-se a análise fatorial, e a criação do Índice das Condições do Processo Formativo (ICPF). As análises indicaram que os Institutos têm ampliado o acesso ao ensino superior para grupos específicos, especialmente na região Norte. Assim, destaca-se a contribuição destas instituições no processo de ampliação do acesso ao ensino superior ofertado por instituições federais. Contudo, a elaboração do ICPF permitiu identificar aspectos destas instituições que, na perspectiva dos estudantes, carecem de aprimoramento. Dessa forma, sugere-se que ações integradas entre o Ministério da Educação e os institutos sejam discutidas, para que se criem políticas públicas que visem o aperfeiçoamento destes institutos como grandes propulsores de mudança do status quo.
Facile and Divergent Synthesis and Antifungal Evaluation of Drimane Meroterpenoids by Merging Decarboxylative Borylation and Suzuki Coupling
Authors: Wang Xia , Zhang Shasha , Cui Pengcheng , Li Shengkun
Published: August 2020

Based on the easily accessible and inexpensive sclareol, the bench stable drimanyl BPin was achieved through oxidative degradation and decarboxylative borylation. The following Suzuki coupling of the borate intermediate was developed as a powerful platform for a large variety of drimane meroterpenoids, non-natural mimics and ring-distorted motifs. Key features include mild conditions, operational facility, broad substrate scope, scalability, and good chemofidelity and stereofidelity as well as the easy availability of the various coupling partners. Expedient formal synthesis of a large number of complex natural products is feasible via the current methodology. The high degree of practicality of the current chemistry bodes well for the discovery sciences towards pharmaceutically important meroterpenoids or leads through detailed SAR study. The facile accessibility to drimane meroterpenoids and mimics allowed the unprecedented evaluation of these chemical entities as antifungal agents. The promising activity of the non-natural mimics may open a new window for structural optimization and the identification of new targets.
Electrochemical Aziridination of Internal Alkenes with Primary Amines
Authors: Oseka Maksim , Laudadio Gabriele , van Leest Nicolaas P. , Dyga Marco , de Andrade Bartolomeu Aloisio , Goossen Lukas , de Bruin B. , Thiago de Oliveira Kleber , Noel Timothy
Published: August 2020

Aziridines are useful synthetic building blocks, widely employed for the preparation of various nitrogen-containing derivatives. As the current methods require the use of prefunctionalized amines, the development of a synthetic strategy towards aziridines, that can establishe the union of alkenes and amines, would be of great synthetic value. Herein, we report an electrochemical approach, which realizes this concept via an oxidative coupling between alkenes and primary alkyl amines. The reaction is carried out in an electrochemical flow reactor, leading to short reaction times (5 min), high yields and broad scope. At the cathode, hydrogen is generated, which can be used in a second reactor to reduce the aziridine, yielding the corresponding hydroaminated product. Mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations revealed that the alkene is first anodically oxidized and subsequently reacted with the amine coupling partner.
Quantum Metrics for Continuous Shape Measures of Molecules
Authors: Tchougreeff Andrei
Published: August 2020

The field of continuous molecular shape and symmetry (dis)similarity quantifiers habitually called measures (specifically continuous shape measures - CShM or continuous symmetry measures - CSM) is obfuscated by the combinatorial numerical algorithms used in the field which restricts the applicability to the molecules containing up to twenty equivalent atoms. In the present paper we analyze this problem using various tools of classical probability theory as well as of one-particle and many-particle quantum mechanics. Applying these allows us to lift the combinatorial restriction and to identify the adequate renumbering of atoms (vertices) without considering all N! permutations of an N-vertex set so that in the end purely geometric molecular shape (dis)similarity quantifier can be defined. Developed methods can be easily implemented in the relevant computer code.
Facilitation of Molecular Motion in Nanoparticles and Development of Turn-on Photoacoustic Bioprobe for in Vivo Detection of Nitric Oxide in Encephalitis
Authors: Qi Ji , Feng Leyan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhang Haoke , Huang Liwen , Zhou Yutong , Zhou Zheng , zhao zheng , Duan Xingchen , Xu Fei , Tsz Kin Kwok Ryan , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Ding Dan , Xue Xue , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: August 2020

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule overexpressed in many diseases, thus the development of NO-activatable probes is of vital significance for monitoring related diseases. However, sensitive photoacoustic (PA) probes for detecting NO-associated complicated diseases (e.g., encephalitis), has yet to be developed. Herein, we report a NO-activated PA probe for in vivo detection of encephalitis by tuning the molecular geometry and energy transformation processes. A strong donor-acceptor structure with good conjugation can be obtained after NO treatment, along with the active intramolecular motion, significantly boosting “turn-on” near-infrared PA property. The molecular probe exhibits high specificity and sensitivity towards NO over interfering reactive species. Noninvasive in vivo imaging indicates that PA signal lights up in lipopolysaccharide-induced encephalitis with a high signal-to-background ratio of 15.7. Further studies reveal that the probe is also capable of differentiating encephalitis in different severities, being beneficial for understanding the disease evolution processes and drug screening. This work will inspire more insights into the development of high-performing NO-activated PA probes for advanced diagnosis by making full use of intramolecular motion and energy transformation processes.
Integral Mass Balance (IMB) Method for Measuring Multicomponent Gas Adsorption Equilibria in Nanoporous Material
Authors: Broom Darren , Talu Orhan , Benham Michael J.
Published: August 2020

Multicomponent gas adsorption equilibria must be determined in order to assess the performance of an adsorbent for a particular gas separation and for process design. The experimental techniques commonly used for this purpose, however, are time-consuming and typically require large samples. In this article, we describe a new approach, called the Integral Mass Balance (IMB) method, which combines the controlled flow of a gas mixture with in-situ gravimetric measurement and gas composition analysis using quadrupole mass spectrometry. The IMB method allows very rapid equilibrium multicomponent gas adsorption measurements to be performed on samples weighing only a few grams. The method is demonstrated and validated by performing binary O2/N2 adsorption measurements on a commercial 5A zeolite, at ambient temperature and a total pressure of 0.915 MPa. Excellent agreement with previously published data was found, using a 3.5 g sample, with a measurement time of only four hours for a twenty point isotherm. In contrast, other techniques of equivalent accuracy would require around twenty days of experimental effort to collect a comparable amount of data. Selectivities were also calculated and shown to agree with previously published results. In principle, the technique could readily be extended to measure gas adsorption from ternary or higher mixtures.
Necessity and Challenges of Sample Preconcentration in Analysis of Multiple MicroRNAs by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Hu Liang , Krylova Svetlana , Liu Stanley K. , Yousef George M. , Krylov Sergey
Published: August 2020

Here we present the result of our work on achieving sub-pM limit of quantitation in direct quantitative analysis of multiple miRNAs by capillary electophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. The PDF file contains the description of the results with figures, references, and supporting information. The raw data.ZIP file is the archive containing (i) Excel files of raw data used to build figures presented in the PDF file and (ii) the red-me.PDF file explaining how to read and use the Excel files. The figure data.ZIP file is the archive of all figure files in Origin and Adobe Illustrator formats. Abstract: Thousands of putative miRNA-based cancer biomarkers have been reported but none has been validated for approval by the Food and Drug Administration. One of the reasons for this alarming discrepancy is the lack of a method which is sufficiently robust for carrying out validation studies, which may require analysis of samples from hundreds of patients across multiple institutions and pooling the results together. Capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based hybridization assay proved to be more robust than reversed transcription polymerase chain reaction (the current standard) but its limit of quantification (LOQ) exceeds 10 pM while miRNA concentrations in cell lysates are below 1 pM. Thus, CE-based separation must be preceded by on-column sample preconcentration. Here we explain challenges of sample preconcentration for CE-based miRNA analyses and introduce a preconcentration method that can suit CE-based miRNA analysis utilizing peptide nucleic acid (PNA) hybridization probes. The method combines field-amplified sample stacking (FASS) with isotachophoresis (ITP). We proved that FASS-ITP could retain and concentrate both near-neutral PNA with highly-negatively charged PNA–miRNA hybrids. We demonstrated that preconcentration by FASS-ITP could be combined with the CE-based separation of the unreacted PNA probes from the PNA–miRNA hybrids and facilitate improvement in LOQ by a factor of 140, down to 0.1 pM. Finally, we applied FASS-ITP-CE for simultaneous detection of two miRNAs in crude cell lysates and proved that the method was robust when used in complex biological matrices. The 140-fold improvement in LOQ and the robustness to biological matrices will significantly expand the applicability of CE-based miRNA analysis, bringing it closer to becoming a practical tool for validation of miRNA biomarkers.
Hypercrosslinked Polymers as a Photocatalytic Platform for Visible-Light-Driven CO2 Photoreduction Using H2O
Authors: Schukraft Giulia M. , Woodward Robert , Kumar Santosh , Sachs Michael , Eslava Salvador , Petit Camille
Published: August 2020

The design of robust, high-performance photocatalysts is key for the success of solar fuel production via CO2conversion. Herein, we present hypercrosslinked polymer (HCP) photocatalysts for the selective reduction of CO2 to CO, combining excellent CO2 sorption capacities, good general stabilities, and low production costs. HCPs are active photocatalysts in the visible light range, significantly out-performing the benchmark material, TiO2 P25, using only sacrificial H2O. We hypothesise that superior H2O adsorption capacities led to concentration at photoactive sites, improving photocatalytic conversion rates when compared to sacrificial H2. These polymers are an intriguing set of organic photocatalysts, displaying no long-range order or extended pi-conjugation. The as-synthesised networks are the sole photocatalytic component, requiring no co-catalyst doping or photosensitiser, representing a highly versatile and exciting platform for solar-energy conversion.
Dekonstruksi Istilah Sastra
Authors: Nurlaila Nurlaila
Published: August 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas tentang istilah ‘sastra’ dengan teori milik Deborah Schriffin. Teori kajian wacana Deborah Schriffin mengedepankan lima pendekatan dalam menganalisis sebuah wacana, yaitu (1) historis, (2) sistematis, (3) analitis, (4) kritis, dan (5) intuitif. Dengan menggunakan lima pendekatan tersebut diperolehlah definisi ‘sastra’, yaitu sebuah karya bahasa sebagai perlambang realita yang memiliki nilai artistik tinggi.
Kosakata Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Tunarungu SDLB Negeri Oelamasi, Fatuleu, Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Juang Wutun Yohanes
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran pembelajaran kosakata bahasa Indonesia, kosakata bahasa Indonesia yang digunakan siswa tunarungu, dan peran orang tua di dalam pengajaran kosakata di rumah. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan kosakata bahasa Indonesia siswa tunarungu umumnya baik. Walaupun pengucapannya kurang jelas, jika dipahami konteks pembicaraannya maka dapat dimengerti apa yang dimaksudkan
Abreviasi Subjek dalam Klausa pada Berita Harian Umum Pos Kupang
Authors: Ari Mestha Titania
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis klausa yang mengalami pelesapan subjek pada berita surat kabar harian Pos Kupang dan menguraikan sifat pelesapan subjek yang terjadi dalam kalimatpadaberita surat kabar harian Pos Kupang. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori kebahasaan transformasi dan metode yang dipakai adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan, dapat diketahui bahwa ada dua jenis klausa yang mengalami pelesapan subjek, yaitu klausa koordinatif dan klausa subordinatif.Dalam konstruksi koordinatif, pelesapan subjek tidak terjadi pada penyebutan pertama (klausa pertama), tetapi terjadi pada klausa kedua jika terdapat dua klausa dan pelesapan subjek terjadi pada klausa ketiga dan seterusnya jika terdapat lebih dari dua klausa. Dalam konstruksi subordinatif, pelesapan subjek tidak terjadi pada klausa utama, tetapi hanya terjadi pada klausa sematan. Adapun sifat pelesapan subjeknya yaitu pelesapan  subjek yang bersifat anaforis dan pelesapan subjek yangbersifat kataforis. Pelesapan subjek yang anaforis terjadi apabila subjek lesap (Ø) mengacu pada unsur yang disebutkan terdahulu atau dengan kata lain pelesapan terjadi ke arah kanan, sedangkan pelesapan subjek yang kataforis terjadi apabila subjek lesap (Ø) mengacu pada unsur yang disebutkan kemudian atau dengan kata lain, pelesapan terjadi ke arah kiri.
Fungsi Sosial Sastra Lisan dalam Masyarakat Bengkulu
Authors: Wibowo Sarwo Ferdi
Published: August 2020

Penelitian sastra lisan di Bengkulu masih terbatas pada kajian strukur, belum mengungkap fungsi sastra lisan tersebut. Padahal, sastra lisan merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dan memiliki fungsi-fungsi spesifik pada masyarakat penggunanya (dalam pengertian folk). Penelitian mendiskusikan  fungsi sastra lisan di masyarakat Bengkulu. Pendekatan fungsional Finnegan yang ditopang dengan teori fungsi dari beberapa ahli lain digunakan sebagai metode.. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa dalam masyarakat Bengkulu sastra lisan berfungsi untuk: 1) Andai-Andai pada masyarakat Kedurang merupakan media pendidikan dari orang tua ke  anak untuk membekali mereka dengan kecakapan sosial. 2) Nandai Betebah digunakan sebagai peningkat kepercayaan diri masyarakat Serawai. 3) Mitos ular raksasa dalam Masyarakat Rejang berkaitan dengan pengetahuan akan gempa bumi dan mitigasi bencana. 4) Sekujang pada masyarakat Serawai dapat dipandang sebagai alat pemaksa berlakunya norma-norma sosial (normativitas heteroseksual).
STRATEGI PEMELAJARAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI BAHASA INGGRIS English Vocabulary Learning Strategy in Students of English Study Program
Authors: Ortalisje Dethan Erniani
Published: August 2020

Penelitian penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran kosakata yang digunakan oleh pembelajar turut mempengaruhi pembelajaran bahasa kedua. Penelitian ini memiliki tiga pertanyaan: 1) strategi pembelajaran kosakata apa saja yang digunakan oleh para pembelajar Bahasa Inggris?, 2) Strategi pembelajaran kosakata apa yang paling sering digunakan oleh pembelajar?, dan 3) staretegi pembelajaran kosakata apa yang paling sedikit dipakai oleh pembelajar? Penelitian ini melibatkan 58 mahasiswa program studi pendidikan Bahasa Inggris di UKAW sebagai partisipan. Instrumen yang dipakai adalah kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari taksonomi Schmitt (1997). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran kosakata Bahasa Inggris yang digunakan adalah strategi Penemuan dan Konsolidasi. Dalam strategi Penemuan, strategi sosial merupakan strategi yang paling sering digunakan, sedangkan strategi Determinasi merupakan strategi yang paling sedikit dipakai. Strategi Memori merupakan strategi yang paling sering sekaligus paling sedikit dipakai  dalam kategori strategi Konsolidasi.
DESKRIPSI POLA SUKU KATA BAHASA WEMALE A Description of Syllabic Patterns of Wemale Language
Authors: Erniati Erniati , Sanjoko Yohanis
Published: August 2020

Abstrak Bahasa Wemale dipakai sebagai bahasa pertama oleh penutur asli masyarakat Suku Wemale di Pulau Seram, Maluku, tepatnya di  Negeri Hunitetu, Kecamatan Kairatu, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat. Bahasa Wemale memilki dua dialek yaitu dialek Wemale Utara dan Wemale Selatan.Hingga saaat ini, bahasa Wemale masih digunakan sebagai alat komunikasi secara lisan oleh kalangan tertentu dalam kehidupan masyarakat penuturnya. Meskipun demikian, bahasa Wemale dapat dikategorikan sebagai bahasa daerah yang hampir punah, karena tidak ada proses pewarisan kepada generasi mudanya.  Untuk mencegah hal tersebut, perlu dilakukan berbagai upaya penyelamatan yang salah satu diantaranya melalui penelitian.Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang pola suku kata bahasa Wemale. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pola suku kata bahasa Wemale, dialek Wemale Selatan. Meode yang digunakan adalah meode kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari ucapan langsung penutur asli bahasa tersebut dan penutur yang dianggap mampu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pola suku kata bahasaWemale terdiri atas V, KV, VKV,  KVV, dan ½ KV. Kata kunci: suku kata, pola suku kata, bahasa Wemale Abstract Wemale is used as the first language by native speakers of the Wemale tribe on Seram Island, Maluku, precisely in the village of Hunitetu, Kairatu District, West Seram Regency. Wemale has two dialects namely North Wemale and South Wemale. Until now, Wemale is still used as an oral communication tool by certain groups in the life of the speaker community. However, Wemale language can be categorized as a regional language that is almost extinct, because there is no inheritance process to the younger generation. To prevent this, various rescue efforts need to be done, one of which is through research. This research provides an overview of the Wemale syllable patterns. This study aims to describe the syllabic patterns of the Wemale language, South Wemale dialect. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. Data obtained from the direct speech of native speakers of the language and speakers who are considered capable. The results of the analysis show that the syllabic syllable patterns consist of V, KV, VKV, KVV,and ½ KV. Keywords: syllables, syllable patterns, Wemale language
A dichotomy of gene regulatory associations during the activated B-cell to plasmablast transition
Authors: Cocco Mario , Care Matthew A , Saadi Amel , Al-Maskari Muna , Doody Gina , Tooze Reuben
Published: August 2020

The activated B-cell (ABC) to plasmablast transition encompasses the cusp of antibody-secreting cell (ASC) differentiation. We explore this transition with integrated analysis in human cells, focusing on changes that follow removal from CD40-mediated signals. Within hours of input signal loss, cell growth programs shift toward enhanced proliferation, accompanied by ER-stress response, and up-regulation of ASC features. Clustering of genomic occupancy for IRF4, BLIMP1, XBP1, and CTCF with histone marks identifies a dichotomy: XBP1 and IRF4 link to induced but not repressed gene modules in plasmablasts, whereas BLIMP1 links to modules of ABC genes that are repressed, but not to activated genes. Between ABC and plasmablast states, IRF4 shifts away from AP1/IRF composite elements while maintaining occupancy at IRF and ETS/IRF elements. This parallels the loss of BATF expression, which is identified as a potential BLIMP1 target. In plasmablasts, IRF4 acquires an association with CTCF, a feature maintained in plasma cell myeloma lines. Thus, shifting occupancy links IRF4 to both ABC and ASC gene expression, whereas BLIMP1 occupancy links to repression of the activation state.
Pedagogía resiliente para evitar la violencia en la escuela rural de cara a la salud mental de maestros y estudiantes.
Authors: Castañeda Cantillo Ana Elvira , Vargas Rodríguez German Rolando
Published: August 2020

Introducción. La violencia y el conflicto, han estado presentes en lo social, en lo político y en la vida cotidiana de los ciudadanos por generaciones enteras, pero lo que más preocupa es que ha permeado los contextos escolares en especial los rurales, afectando la salud mental de los miembros de la comunidad escolar. Dado que se genera temor, desesperanza y minusvalía para afrontar las situaciones adversas, surgiendo una incertidumbre relacional.

Objetivos. Proponer alternativas pedagógicas resilientes en la escuela rural, para afrontar la violencia en sus diversas formas y así promover la construcción de escenarios de paz en pro de la salud mental de los maestros y estudiantes.

Método. se basó en un enfoque cualitativo, de carácter hermenéutico, el cual permitió identificar las creencias sobre violencia que tienen los maestros y los tipos de violencia que se presentan en la escuela rural de Córdoba, Colombia.

Resultados. Se encontró que la violencia escolar, se adopta como una alternativa entre los estudiantes, para hacer valer sus derechos y ganar respeto ante los miembros de la comunidad escolar; como una forma en que se ha naturalizado la violencia en la escuela, la familia, la comunidad y en general en el país. 

Conclusiones. Es necesario implementar estrategias de intervención con base en la Pedagógica Resiliente, para trasformar las creencias sobre violencia que se presentan en la escuela, dado el aumento en frecuencia y grado de agresividad en las diferentes formas de expresión de estas.
O Papel dos Modelos Computacionais e das Analogias na Aprendizagem do Processo de Interação Fármaco-Enzima no Ensino Fundamentado em Modelagem
Authors: Martins Diego , Mozzer Nilmara Braga , Oliveira Thais Mara Anastácio , Caetano Melissa Soares
Published: August 2020

Neste trabalho, investigamos os papéis desempenhados pelos modelos computacionais e pelos processos de crítica e elaboração de analogias na compreensão conceitual do processo de interação fármaco-enzima. A investigação ocorreu com licenciandos do quinto período de um curso de Química ao vivenciarem um processo de ensino fundamentado na modelagem. As aulas foram filmadas e os materiais escritos produzidos pelos estudantes recolhidos. A análise desses materiais fundamentou a elaboração de um estudo de caso que nos permitiu evidenciar que a representação do sistema pelos modelos computacionais possibilitou que os estudantes desenvolvessem uma maior compreensão do conceito alvo, devido à visualização da disposição espacial dos átomos em macromoléculas e ao tratamento dinâmico desse tipo de sistema. Essa compreensão foi manifestada, principalmente, nos processos de crítica e criação de analogias. Por isso, realçamos a importância de que os licenciandos tenham experiências que os permitam refletir sobre as potencialidades e as limitações dos diferentes recursos de expressão de modelos ao vivenciarem processos de modelagem durante sua formação. Defendemos também a realização de novas investigações sobre a compreensão dos estudantes acerca da natureza dos modelos computacionais e das analogias nestes processos.
THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS: AN INVESTIGATION ON THE HURDLES LEARNERS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT FACE ACADEMICALLY DUE TO THE INTRODUCTION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN TWO SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ITEZHI-TEZHI DISTRICT OF ZAMBIA
Authors: Nthama Kapembwa , Annie Penda
Published: August 2020

This manuscript is an extract of a theoretical framework and conceptual framework from a Master’s an on-going study on the hurdles learners with visual impairment face academically due to the introduction of inclusive education in two selected secondary schools in Itezhi-tezhi District of Zambia. The work is an attempt to identify the hardles affecting learners with visual impairment in Zambia. Among the factors that can affect these learners are such as attention, materials, financial support, trained teachers, and attitude. It is argued that if these factors are identified and addressed learners with visual impairment can benefit a lot from education under education system.
¿Reconoce esta clave diagnóstica? Parte 1
Authors: Ruiz Restrepo Juan David , Quintero Picón Melissa Alejandra , Trujillo Gaviria Laura
Published: August 2020

Hombre de 71 años, conductor, residente de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Refiere cuadro de 10 años de evo­lución de lesiones en piel, que iniciaron como ampollas en ambas manos y caída de las uñas, posteriormente con aparición de “heridas” generalizadas y pérdida de la visión por el ojo derecho. En la revisión por sistemas, refiere pérdida de 20 kg en el transcurso de la enfermedad y sudoración nocturna. Niega síntomas respiratorios o fiebre.
Enfermedad de Paget extramamaria perianal
Authors: Córdoba Ramírez Nathalia , Pineda Muñoz María , Toro Palacio Andrés Felipe , Mesa Villegas Julia
Published: August 2020

La enfermedad de Paget constituye un adenocarcinoma intraepidérmico, que afecta principalmente al pezón y, más raramente, a otras zonas apocrinas extramamarias. La localización perianal representa el 20% de los casos extramamarios y el 1% de las neoplasias perianales. En general, es más frecuente en mujeres posmenopáusicas.
Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente joven, que desarrolla una placa eritematodescamativa persistente en la región perianal. Se toma biopsia sin sospechar la condición; mediante histopatología e inmunohistoquímica se confirma el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Paget extramamaria. Se descarta compromiso en otros órganos y se realiza tratamiento quirúrgico, el cual es exitoso hasta la fecha.
Neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF1) o enfermedad de Von Recklinghausen
Authors: Arbeláez Eslait Sergio A. , Esmeral Atehortúa Koretta , Peluffo Vergara Sebastián
Published: August 2020

La neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF1) es una enfermedad genética autosómica dominante y de compromiso multisis­témico. Los signos y síntomas varían de acuerdo con la variedad fenotípica presentada. Afecta a 1 de cada 5000 individuos. El diagnóstico es confirmado por estudio citogenético.
Se discute el caso de un paciente de 70 años, que desde la niñez presenta lesiones nodulares de tamaño y forma variable, de localización generalizada en toda la extensión de la superficie corporal.
Penfigoide ampolloso Parte 2
Authors: Ruiz Restrepo Juan David , Quintero Picón Melissa Alejandra , Trujillo Gaviria Laura
Published: August 2020

Es una enfermedad ampollosa subepidérmica autoinmune de presentación infrecuente, originada por la pre­sencia de autoanticuerpos que se dirigen contra componentes de la membrana basal epidérmica, conocidos como BPAG1 y BPAG2. Se presenta principalmente en adultos mayores y está asociado a una alta morbilidad y morta­lidad. Clínicamente se caracteriza por la aparición de ampollas tensas sobre placas eritematosas, edematosas y pruriginosas. Para el diagnóstico, es importante la correlación de la clínica, evaluación histopatológica y el estudio por medio de inmunofluorescencia. En caso de presentaciones atípicas, el diagnóstico puede convertirse en un reto médico. El tratamiento se basa en el uso de inmunosupresores, principalmente los esteroidesm.
The Impact of Modern Information Systems on Achieving Organizational Justice Analytical Study in the Central Euphrates Electricity Department/ Babylon Branch
Authors: Jassim Muaamel Hussain
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the role of modern information systems (software, networks, human resources) in achieving organizational justice (distributive, procedural, transactions).

In addition to the detection of the existence of significant differences in the answers of workers in the Central Euphrates Electricity Department / Babylon Branch.

 The research community is one of the 1032 workers working in the Central Euphrates Electricity Department/ Babel electricity department. The research sample was selected by random stratified method (102). The research was based on analytical descriptive method. Field data collection was conducted through a questionnaire developed and developed to measure research objectives and hypothesis testing. It consisted of two parts, the first part of which was represented in modern information systems, the second part included organizational justice, and SPSS was used to analyze data using the statistical package program Social Sciences Foundation The researcher has reached a set of results, the most important of which is the impact of modern information systems on the achievement of organizational justice, and the researcher made many recommendations in the light of those results through the theoretical research we found The rational use of modern information systems leads to an effective role in the achievement of organizational justice, as well as work on training to keep pace with the internal and external modifications of the information systems used to accelerate data entry and reduce errors.
Some General Properties of the Inverse Shadowing Property
Authors: Al-Shara'a Iftichar Mudhar  Talb , Al Sultani Sarah Khadr  Khazem
Published: August 2020

The inverse shadowing property is concentrated, it has important properties and applications in maths. In this paper, some general properties of this concept are proved.  Let  ( be   a metric space: ( → (  be maps have the inverse shadowing property. We show the maps    ∘ ,    have the inverse shadowing property.

If and :( , ????) →( ,????) are mapped on a metric space ( ,????) have the inverse shadowing property, We show the maps   +   and   .  have the inverse shadowing property.
Geomorphological Landscapes of Tar Al-Sayed and Tar Al-Najaf Area-Central of Iraq
Authors: Hasan Ahmed Abbas
Published: August 2020

Iraq has a variety of geomorphological landscapes, because of the varied and beautiful desert landforms and these forms may tell us the tectonic history on a long term and also the climate of this part of the Arabian plate. Tar Al-Sayed and Tar Al-Najaf area have geomorphological landscapes that are variable and reflect different exogenic processes and these features been observed in the field are: Barchans and sand sheet which are mobile features, and they are widespread, but the smallest Geomorphological Landscapes are wind ripples, other features are Mesas and escarpments as a result of the erosion of sequences of sedimentary rocks. Also, butte these are flattened top hills, Zeugen obvious feature in the study area found in soft strata been eroded by the wind. In the areas where the wind erosion predominates over water erosion in moulding some of these features. Yardangs are wind- roded, aerodynamic hills. Tafoni Caves are arch-shaped entrances sized several centimeters to several meters in diameter and depth. When weathering together with mass collapse found, then Natural Arches formed. They most commonly occur in sandstone and claystone. Slope Instability which it is extensively landslide phenomena. The Drainage Systems in the study area have dendritic pattern and it is the most predominant. Some of the features composed of fluvial sediments as in Alluvial Fans.
Determination of the Paleostress Orientations and Magnitudes for Missan Structures, Southeastern Iraq
Authors: AL- Hachem Atheer Edan Khalil , Al – Obaidi Mustafa Rasheed Salih
Published: August 2020

The use of  Right dihedral method and Mohr diagram method allow determination of the paleostress orientation and its magnitude in Missan structures, Southeastern Iraq. The principal stress orientations and its magnitudes have been determined by the measure of the striation on the faults planes. The measurement of orientation of the principal stress was deduced by different graphical methods, the horizontal maximum principal stresses (σ1) magnitudes were (3600, 4360,4650, 4750 and 5700) bars, the horizontal  intermediate  principal stresses (σ2) magnitudes   were (1528, 1842,1962.5, 1998.5 and 2390.5) bars and the vertical minimum principal stresses (σ3) magnitudes were (544, 676,725, 753 and 919) bars. This study shows that area is located within the unstable region since the poles of measured faults lie in the area of reactivated faults in Mohr diagram.
Solving Differential Equation by Modified Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Hussain Eman Ali , Abdul – Abbass Yahya Mourad
Published: August 2020

Differential equation is a mathematical equation which contains the derivatives of a variable, such as the equation which represent physical quantities, In this paper  we introduced modified on the method which proposes a polynomial to solve the ordinary differential equation (ODEs) of second order and by using the evolutionary algorithm to find the coefficients of the propose a polynomial [1] . Our method propose a polynomial to solve the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of nth  order and partial differential equations(PDEs) of order two  by using the Genetic algorithm to find the coefficients of the propose a polynomial ,since Evolution Strategies (ESs) use  a string representation of the solution to some problem and attempt to evolve a good solution through a series of fitness –based evolutionary steps .unlike (GA)  ,an ES will typically not use a population of solution but instead will make a sequence of mutations of an individual solution ,using fitness as a guide[2] . A numerical example with good result show the accuracy of our method compared with some existing methods .and the best error of method it’s not much larger than the error in best of the numerical method solutions.
Independency of Bank Guarantee in Iran –US Claims Tribunal: Looking for Legal Approach for Minimizing the Risk of Economic Contracts
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad , Ahamdi Ali
Published: August 2020

Bank guarantees are significant instrument in business contracts, especially in minimizing the risk of economic contracts in light of international contracts. Furthermore, the bank guarantee has positive impact on legal reliability International contracts among the parties. In line with that the independency of bank guarantee from contract terms is other advantage that has been led to consider the bank guarantee as an innovative financial instrument to increase the chance of minimizing the risks. The fact is that bank guarantee associated with paying amount of guarantee in cash and gets rid of the legal dispute over the formalities and delays in getting the right when one party of the contract did not fulfill its obligations. This potential capability of bank guarantee is still suffering lack of certainty on independency of bank guarantee in banking regulations. In this regard, the judgment of international arbitration and their procedures are valuable in understanding and analyzing the banking regulation about bank guarantees. The judgments of international arbitration mostly consider as one appropriate source to manifest a proper approach for legal analysis of independency. Thus, this research would review Iran –US Claims Tribunal as one of the significant cases to find out whether the tribunal has been able to eliminate the legal ambiguities and promote the legal position of these tools through such judgments?
Dual Port 8T SRAM Cell Using FinFET & CMOS Logic for Leakage Reduction and Enhanced Read & Write Stability
Authors: Duari Chusen , Birla Shilpi , Singh Amit Kumar
Published: August 2020

Static Random-Access Memory cells with ultralow leakage and superior stability are the primary choice of embedded memories in contemporary smart devices. This paper presents a novel 8T SRAM cell with reduced leakage and improved stability. The proposed SRAM cell uses a stacking effect to reduce leakage and transmission gate as an access transistor to enhance stability. The performance of the proposed 8T SRAM cell with a stacked transistor has been analyzed based on the power consumption and static noise margin (RSNM, HSNM, and WSNM). The power consumption in the case of FinFET based 8T cell is found to be 572 pW at 22 nm technology node, which is reduced by a factor nearly  as compared to that of CMOS based 8T cell. Further, in the case of FinFET based novel 8T SRAM cell at 22 nm technology node, the power consumption is found to be reduced by a factor of  as compared to that of FinFET based conventional 6T SRAM cell. WSNM, HSNM, and RSNM of the 8T SRAM cell designed with FinFET logic are observed as 240 mV, 370 mV, and 120 mV respectively at 0.9 V supply voltage. When comparing with conventional 6T FinFET Cell, the proposed Cell shows 20%, 5.11%, and 7% improvement in WSNM, HSNM, and RSNM, respectively. The sensitivity of SNM with temperature variation is also analyzed and reported.  Further, the results obtained confirm the robustness of the proposed SRAM cells as compared to several recent works.
O USO DO GEOGEBRA PODE POTENCIALIZAR O ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DAS FUNÇÕES LOGARÍTMICAS?
Authors: Pinheiro Marcus Túlio de Freitas , Magalhães André Ricardo , Silva Karine Socorro Pugas da
Published: August 2020

Diante das dificuldades encontradas, ao longo do processo de ensino da disciplina Introdução à Matemática, houve a necessidade de se repensar sobre a práxis pedagógica e quais os entraves encontrados nesse processo de apropriação do conhecimento matemático. Este trabalho, fruto da pesquisa de mestrado, ocorreu no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Bahia (IFBA), campus Camaçari, com alunos do primeiro semestre de Licenciatura em Matemática. Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar como o GeoGebra pode potencializar o ensino-aprendizagem das funções logarítmicas. Como resposta a esse objetivo, houve a necessidade da construção, aplicação e análise de sequências didáticas com o uso desse software. A metodologia utilizada, de caráter qualitativa, consistiu em algumas etapas. Primeiro, realizou-se uma entrevista guiada com quatro grupos focais, a qual forneceu subsídios para elaboração de uma sequência didática, referendadapela Teoria das Situações Didáticas (TSD), de Guy Brousseau. Nesta sequência foi aplicada com o grupo de alunos e posteriormente analisada. Para as análises de todo o processo, desde a aplicação até os resultados obtidos, utilizou-se da Engenharia Didática. Os resultados da análise da aplicação dessa sequência didática e o questionário respondido pelos discentes sugerem que o uso do GeoGebra contribuiu de forma significativa para o ensino-aprendizagem das funções logarítmicas. Dessa forma, a escolha da TSD e o uso do GeoGebranão se resume à uma técnica para corroborar na aprendizagem de conteúdos matemáticos, mas é ampliada pela necessidade de formar cidadãos conscientes no seu papel como atores transformadores da sociedade, onde a reflexão e o pensamento crítico seja o objetivo final.