bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) and six-month mortality risks after hospital discharge following myocardial infarction in patients with Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospita
Authors: Yosaputra Christian , Lefrandt Reginald Leopold , Panda Agnes Lucia , Pangemanan Janry
Published: February 2022

Background: Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) is considered to worsen prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), including Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). This study aims to find a correlation between LVEF with mortality risk after hospital discharge following myocardial infarction using GRACE score among NSTEMI patients.Methods: Data was collected from the iSTEMI Registry database in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital from October 3rd 2018, to July 28th 2019. About 122 NSTEMI patients were collected to measure their LVEF by transthoracic echocardiography and routine clinical workup for GRACE score calculation at admission. A descriptive analysis, normality test, and bivariate correlation were applied. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant using SPSS version 23 for Windows.Results: The mean age of the patients was 62.07±11.11 years old and most of the study subjects were male (73%). The mean GRACE score was 118.92±33.52, whereas the mean ejection fraction was 48.76±16.32%. LVEF was negatively significant correlated with the GRACE score (p=0.017; r=-0.230).Conclusion: Lower LVEF is correlated with increased six-month mortality risk after hospital discharge using GRACE score following myocardial infarction in a patient with Non-ST-elevation myocardial Infarction.
Cervical myelopathy due to an endodermal intraspinal cyst in a two-year-old child: a case report
Authors: Arifin Jainal , Biakto Karya Triko , Winangun Putu Acarya Nugraha
Published: February 2022

Background: Cervical myelopathy is commonly seen in the older population caused by a degenerative process, but in a rare case, it can be seen in the pediatric population due to uncommon causes, such as an intraspinal cyst. This case report aims to discuss a rare case of cervical myelopathy due to an endodermal cyst in a two-year-old child.Case Presentation: A 2-year-old child with limited neck movement and abnormal body posture from 6 months before admission to the hospital. Spine trauma and other histories of disease were denied. There was no deformity, swelling, hematoma, and wound on the vertebra region from physical examinations. The motoric function was found weaker on the upper and lower right extremities, and pathological reflex was found on both sides. MRI examination showed an intradural extra-medullar space-occupying lesion on the C2-C5 level of the spine. At first, the patient was diagnosed with cervical myelopathy due to an intradural extramedullary tumor at level C2-C5. Excision of the cyst, posterior decompression, and laminectomy was done in this patient. The postoperative histopathological result showed an intraspinal cyst with an endodermal type cyst.Conclusion. This case study was first diagnosed due to an intradural extramedullary tumor, which appears to be a benign intraspinal cyst from the histopathological result. The surgical treatment results in a favorable outcome, but a routine follow-up should monitor the improvement or long-term neurological decline.
Intractable singultus: a case report
Authors: Hartono Anita , Lesmana Tomy
Published: February 2022

Background: Intractable singultus is a rare disorder, and there are no guidelines for its management. More than 100 etiologies are described in the literature, but the etiology cannot be defined in as much as 20% of patients. Acute singultus needs no further treatment, but intractable singultus warrants thorough evaluation and treatment because it has high morbidity and mortality.Case Presentation: We present a 29-year-old male with intractable singultus accompanied by a sliding hiatal hernia, refractory to chlorpromazine and baclofen treatment, and hiatal hernia repair. The patient underwent hiatal hernia repair and Nissen fundoplication, which provided 3 days free of singultus. On the fourth postoperative day, the singultus begins 3 times a day, with episodes lasting up to 5 minutes, with a rate of 10-25 singultus per minute. The patient was discharged on postoperative day-5, hemodynamic was stable and no signs of infection were reported.Conclusion: Symptomatic treatment for intractable singultusis often unsuccessful, with serious side effects that may impair the patient's quality of life. The cornerstone of the management of intractable singultus is finding the etiology.
Comparison between the diagnosis of acne vulgaris by teledermatology and face-to-face consultations
Authors: Rangkuti Anggita Dwi Puteri , Jusuf Nelva Karmila , Putra Imam Budi
Published: February 2022

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder in the pilosebaceous unit that is self-limited, especially in adolescents. Adam Malik Hospital in Medan reported the incidence of acne vulgaris to be 1.10%. Telemedicine has become popular in recent years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. SAF teledermatology using digital cameras has also increased patient service satisfaction, promising diagnostic reliability and clinical outcomes similar to face-to-face visits. This study aimed to compare teledermatology's diagnostic test parameters and accuracy and face-to-face consultations in diagnosing acne vulgaris.Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 110 suspected acne vulgaris. The characteristics of sex and age were recorded. The resident established the diagnosis of acne vulgaris directly and teledermatologically by the consultant based on photo documentation of 5 facial lesion areas, namely the forehead, chin, right cheek, left cheek, and the entire face, along with the photo with photos from the history submitted by the resident. Diagnostic tests were carried out, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and an agreement test.Results: Acne vulgaris was more common in women (76 patients, 69.1%) and patients aged 18-22 years (55 patients, 50%). Of 110 patients, 105 were diagnosed with acne vulgaris by face-to-face consultations and teledermatology. Teledermatology showed 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy. The agreement test between teledermatology and face-to-face consultations was 1, indicating favorable agreement.Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the diagnosis of acne vulgaris through teledermatology and face-to-face consultations.
Detecting nurse's personality models with disc
Authors: Aini Qurratul
Published: February 2022

Background: The personality factor can detect a person's counterproductive behavior. Certain personality types determine a person's work style and the limitations and weaknesses of his performance. One tool used to detect personality types related to work style is the DISC personality model. This study aims to determine the behavioral type of nurses based on the DISC application.Methods: This research used mixed methods. Research design begins with data collection and analysis using quantitative procedures, then continues with data collection and analysis. Quantitative approaches through descriptive analysis implemented a behavioral scale counterproductive and DISC personality profile using the DISC application. The DISC app helps organizations describe personality information, make decisions, and interact with team members and other stakeholders.Results: Characteristics of respondents at Klaten Hospital consisted of 58.8% of respondents aged 20-40 and 41.2% of respondents aged 41.2%. From several respondents, it can be seen that the respondents' behavior is dominant and conscientiousness, with the overall scores, obtained being 38% and 35%. While the scores for the characteristics of influence and stability are 17% and 10%, respectively.  Conclusions: Most nurses had dominant and conscientious personalities. The results came from four behavioral dimensions (dominance, influence, steadiness, and conscientiousness).
Spiritual emotional freedom technique increased patient self efficacy
Authors: Maryana Maryana , Dewi Sari Candra
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Patients with a diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Sleman Regency in 2020 were 20,097 patients. The treatment of diabetes requires good motivation from patients. Self-confidence or self-efficacy will help shape behaviors that support healing. Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) was a therapy that can create positive emotional conditions and a calm mind so that the right thoughts emerge to decide attitudes in helping the healing process. This study aims to determine the effect of SEFT for self-efficacy of patients with DM-Type 2 at the working area of public health center Seyegan, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Methods: This study used a quasi-experiment with pre-test post-test using control group design. Patients were assessed pre-test and post-test with the DM-Self Efficacy Scale. The intervention group was subjected to SEFT therapy. The sample of this study was 40 respondents from the intervention group and 40 respondents from the control group. The sampling technique used the purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out between July and August 2020.Results: The results of the data collected were processed using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann Whitney test. Wilcoxon test results in the intervention group obtained p = 0.000 (p <0.05) and in the control group obtained p = 0.000 (p <0.05). Mann Whitney test results obtained p = 0.003 (p <0.05).Conclusion:  SEFT technique affects the increasing self-efficacy in type II DM patients.
Disseminated herpes zoster in immunocompetent patients: Two cases report
Authors: Estri Siti Aminah Tri Susila , Chusniyati Nafiah
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Disseminated herpes zoster (DHZ) characterized by the vesicles that appear outside the dermatome with more than 20 lesions. The DHZ common in immunocompromised patient. This case reports DHZ in the immunocompetent patients which is a rare case.Case: The 45- and 60-years old men came with pain. The dermatological examination showed vesicles on the dermatomal and more 20 vesicles that outside of that dermatome. The patients diagnosed as DHZ involving the ocular and thoracic nerves. The patients work as carpenters who require strenuous physical activity with sun exposure. This physical fatigue can be a trigger for disseminated of lesions in herpes zoster. There are no other factors that can lower the body's resistance, such as systemic disease or drugs. The cases were treated with acyclovir systemic and anti-inflammatory with good results.Conclusion: These cases showed that physical fatigue is one of the triggers for disseminated herpes zoster.
The effect of black cumin seed oil consumption on the platelets and leukocytes number in healthy smokers in rural area Yogyakarta
Authors: Hidayati Titiek , Darmawan Endang , Indrayanti Indrayanti , Sun Suny
Published: February 2022

Background: The high number of smokers in rural areas is a public health problem in Indonesia. Tobacco smoke exposure is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Smoking increases the activity of the hematological system, characterized by an increase in the number of platelets and leukocytes. Platelet and leukocytes are essential cells in thrombus formation and hemostasis. As an immunomodulatory supplement, black cumin seed oil (BCSO) has been used in various studies, affecting the blood cell formation system. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of administration of BCSO preparation for 30 days on platelet and leukocytes.Methods: The 15 patients were placed into two groups in this open-label Randomized Controlled Trial. Group 1 received a placebo (3x1 capsules per day), and group 2 received BCSO (3x1 capsules per day). For 30 days, the intervention was carried out. Blood was obtained for analysis on the 31st day. The average amount of platelets and leukocytes in each group was compared using one-way ANOVA.Results: The test results are said to have no difference in platelets and leukocytes number between groups with 30 days of BCSO consumption, with their respective values being 0.848 in the placebo group and 0.211 in the treatment group.Conclusions: The homeostatic condition of subjects who consumed BCSO 3x2 capsules/day for 30 days remained stable and balanced.
Correlation between Bone Mineral Density (BMD) with blood phosphorus levels in elderly women: study using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)
Authors: Aripriandari Adhikarmika , Sukmaningtyas Hermina , Ngestiningsih Dwi , Batubara Lusiana
Published: February 2022

Background: The main constituent of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is bone mineral, with the main composition of the hydroxyapatite complex, a combination of calcium and phosphorus. In the aging process, the mineral content in the bones will decrease, resulting in lower BMD than normal levels (osteopenia) or leading to the most common musculoskeletal disorder as well as morbidity in the elderly population. This study aims to determine the correlation between BMD and blood phosphorus levels in elderly women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on data from several geriatric health centers in Semarang from March until June 2019. There were 29 female respondents aged ? 60 years who participated and signed informed consent of this study. The study performed laboratory tests to assess blood phosphorus levels and BMD examination with Dual Energy X-ray Absorption (DXA). BMD is categorized based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria into normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis categories. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results: Most of the subjects were 60-69 years old group (69.0%), followed by osteoporosis in the BMD category (62.0%) and normal blood phosphorus levels (83.0%). There was no significant correlation between BMD and blood phosphorus levels (p> 0.05), but there was a tendency for a negative correlation between BMD and blood phosphorus levels (r=-0.096).Conclusion: The result shows no correlation between blood phosphorus level and BMD.
High level of highly sensitivity c-reactive protein levels (hs-CRP) as a risk factor for preterm delivery
Authors: Kolelupun Marthin , Surya I Gede Putu , Sanjaya I Nyoman Hariyasa , Suwardewa Tjok Gde Agung , Megadhana I Wayan , Putra I Gede Mega , Budiana I Nyoman Gede , Putra I Wayan Artana
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Preterm labor is still a global problem because it affects perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. An increase in hs-CRP in pregnant women is associated with the incidence of preterm labor. This study was conducted to prove that high serum hs-CRP levels are a risk factor for preterm labor.Method: The method used in this study is an observational case-control study, in which pregnant women with preterm labor are in cases group, whereas preterm pregnant women that are not in labor, included in control group. Cases and controls were not matched in the gestational age variable. In both groups blood samples were taken. Blood sampling was taken in the cubital vein to examine the serum levels of hs-CRP. From the data collected, data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0. In this study, after the data normality test was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, the result p values <0.05 or abnormal distribution data, the Mann Whitney test was chosen. A Chi-square test was performed to determine the increase in serum hs-CRP levels as a risk of preterm labor.Result: hs-CRP levels as a risk of preterm labor. Calculation of the OR is 19.46 times with 95% CI: 2.25–168.27.Conclusion: it can be concluded that high levels of hs-CRP as a risk factor for preterm labor.
The effect of standing and sitting voiding position on uroflowmetric findings and postvoiding residual volume in men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Authors: Wijaya Robin Kurnia , Kholis Khoirul , Syarif Syarif , Palinrungi Muhammad Asykar Ansharullah , Syahrir Syakri , Alfian Andi
Published: February 2022

Background: Some studies proposed that different voiding position can affect voiding quality in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is said that a particular voiding position can provide better uroflowmetric findings and less post-void residual volume (PVR) in men with BPH. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the two most common voiding positions (standing and sitting) on uroflowmetric findings and PVR in men with BPH to make a recommended voiding position for men with BPH.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 36 men with symptomatic BPH were enrolled. The uroflowmetric study was done for each subject in 2 positions: standing and sitting. The following uroflowmetric parameters were studied: maximum flow rate (Qmax), time to maximum flow, average flow rate (Qave), and voiding time. PVR was assessed after each test. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 for Windows.Results: The mean Qmax was significantly better in sitting than a standing position (11.106Â±4.7801 mL/s vs. 9.536Â±5.3374 mL/s; p=0.018); the mean Qave, time to maximum flow, and PVR were not different between 2 positions. The mean for Qave for standing and sitting positions were 5.014Â±2.9888 mL/s and 5.508Â±2.4437 mL/s in, (p=0.058), the mean voiding time were 43.08Â±7.980 seconds and 40.22Â±9.897 seconds, respectively (p= 0.31), and the meantime to maximum flow was 12.39Â±7.454 seconds and 10.06Â±4.610 seconds, respectively (p=0.192). In contrast, mean PVR was 87.28Â±44.810 mL and 72.53Â±42.779 mL, respectively (p=0.091).Conclusion: The result of this study showed that sitting position had better Qmax than standing position. Incorporating a sitting position with other BPH management might give a synergistic effect that improves urinary flow in men with BPH.
Evaluation cut-off point of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) and Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)-density in prostate cancer suspected patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Gunadi Moch Ilfan , Palinrungi Muhammad Asykar , Kholis Khoirul , Syahrir Syakri , Syarif Syarif , Seweng Arifin
Published: February 2022

Background: PSA is a test performed to detect prostate cancer. There is currently no rational standard for its cut-off point, resulting in the increasing number of patients with prostate biopsy complications. This study aims to determine the estimated cut-off point of PSA and PSAD among patients with suspected prostate cancer (PCa) in Makassar.Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis using a cross-sectional design was applied in this research. The sample was obtained through medical record data from benign prostate enlargement (BPE) and PCa patients in three affiliate hospitals from January 2014 to December 2019. Mann-Whitney U, Chi-Square, Fisher's Exact, and ROC tests were performed in the statistical analysis (considered significant if p <0.05). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 for Windows.Results: Among 470 subjects, 88.3% were BPE patients, and 11.7% were PCa. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were found in 70.6% of patients, and those with hematuria remained at 10.6%. The average prostate volume was 53.8Â±25.72 ml. The prostate consistency examination with the digital rectal examination (DRE) made up 84.3% Solid Chewy in the BPE sample and 96.4% hard solid in the PCa sample. The average PSA value in BPE was 14.82Â±20.1 ng/ml, and the PCa was 48.10Â±42.58 ng/ml, while the average PSAd BPE value was 0.287Â±0.40 ng/ml, and PCa was 1.19Â±1.32 ng/ml. PSA cut-off point was 18.62 ng/ml. PSAD cut-off point was 0.533.Conclusion: PSA and PSAD cut-off points in this study 18.62 ng/ml and 0.533. The cut-off point obtained is far higher than the value agreed upon in advance.
Significance of pulmonary hypertension probability in predicting six-minute walking distance in uncorrected acyanotic grown-up congenital heart disease at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali
Authors: Aditya Putu Sukma Parahita , Dewangga I Made Satria Yudha , Yantie Ni Putu Veny Kartika , Gunawijaya Eka , Wita I Wayan
Published: February 2022

Background: Pulmonary hypertension may cause impairment of functional capacity, which is a predictor of survival and quality of life in a patient with uncorrected acyanotic grown-up congenital heart disease. A six-minute walking test (6MWT) is a submaximal exercise test to measure these patients' functional capacity. This study aims to determine the significance of echocardiography parameters, such as Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) probability and Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (MPAP), as a predictor of functional capacity by 6MWT measurement.Methods: Analytic observational study was used to determined walking distance as a measurement of functional capacity in acyanotic CHD patients. The probability of (PH) and MPAP was obtained from echocardiography and divided into three categories (low, intermediate, and high probability) based on guidelines defined by PH 2015. MPAP measured the d using the pulmonary valve acceleration time formula (90 â€“ 0.62*PVAT). The relationship between 6MWT distance with MPAP and probability of PH was measured using pearson correlation and one-way ANOVA.Â  We included 43 patients from the Grown-Up Congenital Heart Disease (GUCH) registry who fulfills the inclusion criteria (age more than 18 years whom defect correction has not been done). All participants were given informed consent. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: Forty-three patients were included in this study, with 35 females (81.4%) and 8 males with age range 18-75 years old. The most prevalent GUCH was an atrial septal defect (69.8%). Twenty-one (48%) patient was classified as high PH probability. There was a significant difference between the mild probability of PH with intermediate (MD=94.3 meters; p < 0.001) and high probability (MD=141.9 meters; p<0.001). MPAP shows a strong correlation with walking distance (r=-0.68; p<0.001).Conclusion: GUCH patients with high and intermediate PH probabilities from echocardiography had a shorter walking distance and lowered functional capacity.Â  MPAP is a reliable measurement to predict 6MWT in these patients.
Effect of high-fat high fructose diet and carbon tetrachloride on high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) levels male Wistar rat
Authors: Tandiari Delvina , Yustisia Ika , Santoso Arif , Cangara Husni , Hamid Firdaus , Daud Nuâ€™man AS
Published: February 2022

Background: The consumption of a high-fat diet affects fat metabolism in the body, and it gets progressively worse by adding high fructose to the diet. Similarly, the chemical compound carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) can cause toxic effects in multiple organs. High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) is a micro-inflammatory marker used as a primary preventive tool against several diseases. This study aimed to determine the impact of giving a high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHFD) and CCl4 on hsCRP levels of Wistar rats.Methods: An experimental study among 24 male Wistar rats aged 8-12 weeks divided into four groups. Rats were fed an HFHFD and were either administered CCl4 biweekly (0.08 mL/kg, peritoneal) or not. The other two groups were fed with standard chow meal with CCl4 injection, and the un-injected group stands as a control group. All groups were monitored for eight weeks, and serum parameters were examined. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows. P-value <0.05 was significant.Results: The intake of a high fat and high-fructose diet for eight weeks was proven to have higher levels of hsCRP than those without the diet. Similar to the administration of 0.8 ml/kg peritoneal CCl4 biweekly shown to have higher levels of hsCRP compared to the control group. This study also showed increased body weight except for the group that received a standard meal and CCl4 peritoneal injection.Conclusion: High-fat high fructose diet and carbon tetrachloride had a significant effect on hsCRP level.
The relationship between hepcidin and anemia in controlled and uncontrolled Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients at Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Ni Ketut Puspa , Wande I Nyoman , Suega I Ketut , Wirawati I.A. Putri , Mahartini Ni Nyoman , Herawati Sianny
Published: February 2022

Background: Anemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is often associated with anemia of chronic disease caused by inflammation or iron metabolism disorders. Hepcidin is known to function in initiating the internalization and degradation of ferroportin. It can inhibit the release of iron from cells where an increase in hepcidin levels will reduce iron absorption in the intestine, resulting in a decrease in serum iron levels. This study aims to determine the relationship between serum hepcidin levels and anemia in patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 77 consecutive T2DM patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and received health services at Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, during the study period. The variables assessed in this study included T2DM status (controlled and uncontrolled), anemia, hemoglobin, HbA1c, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and hepcidin. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 for Mac.Results: There was no significant difference in age, sex, disease duration, SGOT, SGPT, leukocytes, platelets, and ESR between controlled and uncontrolled T2DM groups (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in eGFR and hemoglobin levels between controlled and uncontrolled T2DM groups (p<0.05). Mann-Whitney U test found a significant difference in hepcidin levels between controlled and uncontrolled T2DM groups (MD=138.14; 95%CI=10.65-286.94; p=0.046). A weak significant negative correlation was found between hemoglobin and hepcidin levels by the Spearman correlation test (r=-0.259; p=0.043).Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the mean hemoglobin and hepcidin levels in the controlled T2DM group compared to uncontrolled T2DM group patients. A weak statistically significant negative correlation was found between hepcidin levels and anemia in T2DM patients.
Faktor risiko kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah di RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Aryana I Gusti Ngurah Yuda Bagus , Sari Komang Ayu Kartika , Aryani Putu
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Maternal and child health has become a primary health focus in Indonesia and the maternal and child mortality rate in Indonesia is higher than those in South-East Asia countries. The incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) contributes to more than 50% of all neonatal mortality of all births in Indonesia. Therefore, identification of the risk factors that contributes to the incidence of LBW is important.Method: This retrospective case-control study involved 50 cases of LBW and 50 controls (baby with normal birth-weight), The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.Result: The results of multivariate analysis showed that the factors significantly associated with LBW incidence were maternal blood pressure (p=0.000), history of giving birth to LBW babies (p=0.000), and the mode of current labor (p=0.034). The maternal age, maternal education level, maternal occupation, maternal anemia, parity, history of smoking, history of alcohol consumption, history of abortion, parity distance, and maternal BMI had no significant association (p>0.005).Conclusion: Thus, the incidence of LBW can be prevented through maternal blood control during the pregnancy. Careful history taking of past history of giving birth to LBW babies and the mode of delivery must be done to reduce the incidence of LBW.  Pendahuluan: Kesehatan ibu dan anak merupakan salah satu fokus utama kesehatan di Indonesia. Kasus kematian ibu dan anak di Indonesia lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan negara-negara di Asia Tenggara. Kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) berkontribusi terhadap lebih dari 50% total kematian neonatal di seluruh kelahiran di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, identifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang mendasari kejadian BBLR menjadi penting untuk dilakukan.Metode: Penelitian kasus kontrol retrospektif ini melibatkan 50 kasus (BBLR) dan 50 kontrol (bayi lahir dengan berat badan normal. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perangkat SPSS versi 22.Hasil: Hasil analisis multivariat didapatkan faktor-faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian BBLR adalah tekanan darah ibu (p=0,000), riwayat melahirkan bayi BBLR (p=0,000), dan tipe persalinan bayi saat ini (p=0,034). Sebaliknya, faktor usia ibu, tingkat pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, anemia pada ibu, jumlah paritas, riwayat merokok, riwayat konsumsi alkohol, riwayat abortus, jarak paritas, dan IMT ibu tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p>0,005).Simpulan: Pencegahan kejadian BBLR dapat dilakukan dengan mengontrol tekanan darah ibu selama kehamilan. Penggalian riwayat melahirkan bayi BBLR sebelumnya dan pemilihan metode persalinan juga harus dilakukan dengan seksama untuk mengurangi kejadian BBLR.
Is a high concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol still relevant?
Authors: Hanselim Hanselim
Published: February 2022

The importance of cholesterol management, particularly high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, has always been believed to be essential in preventing and managing cardiovascular disease (CVD). While HDL has long been accepted as the 'good' cholesterol, various studies have started to challenge this paradigm. Most of these studies found that HDL cholesterol concentrations did not linearly translate into a reduction in CVD risk. There is a suspicion of dysfunctional HDL particles leading to the loss of HDL's cardioprotective function. Some of these dysfunctions were caused by changes in the structure of HDL particles due to an underlying disease or genetic mutations, causing defects in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) mechanism and vascular inflammation inhibition. Therefore, therapies that focus on these two mechanisms are expected to be one of the new cornerstones in reducing CVD. Simultaneously, cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) assay could become the new therapeutic target as it has an inverse correlation with CVD risk regardless of HDL cholesterol concentration, increasing the accuracy in stratifying CVD risk in patients. However, standardization and a more thorough study on CEC assay and various subcellular cholesterol metabolism should be conducted before stepping further.
Adverse skin reactions of healthcare workers using N95 mask and latex gloves at Kasih Ibu Denpasar General Hospital Bali Indonesia during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic – a descriptive study
Authors: Suyanto Firly Clarissa , Ariana Ariana , Puspawati Ni Made Dwi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. World Health Organization (WHO) then officially declared the disease as a global pandemic in March 2020. It has rapidly spread throughout the world, causing a huge burden to the health sector. With the increasing number of cases, healthcare workers (HCWs) were exposed to the regular use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as N95 masks, latex gloves, and gowns. As a result of long term use of PPE, many adverse skin reactions may occur. Hence, this study aims to determine the adverse skin reactions among healthcare workers using PPE.Method: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Kasih Ibu Denpasar General Hospital Bali Indonesia. Questionnaires were used for the research. A total of 45 valid questionnaires were collected, with the majority being women (88.9%) and with an age range of 20 – 30 years old (55.6%).Result: The result showed that the most common adverse skin reactions among HCWs wearing N95 masks were indentation and ear pain (73.3%) and nasal bridge scarring (48.9%). The most common adverse skin reactions among HCWs wearing latex gloves were dry skin (46.7%) and skin soaked with sweat (17.8%).Conclusion: Our study explored the adverse skin reactions due to long term use of PPE, N95 mask and latex gloves in particular. These adverse skin reactions are mostly mild because they continue using PPE.
Cast immobilization and addition of platelet rich plasma in intraarticular distal radius fracture resulting a better functional outcome to the internal fixation and radius union scorings system
Authors: Wisesa Komang Indra Teguh , Kawiyana I Ketut Siki , Suyasa I Ketut
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Intra-articular distal radius fracture is one of the most frequent injuries, especially in adults (20%). In this condition, anatomic reduction is required to reduce the possibility of complications, either with internal plate screw fixation (ORIF-PS) or conservatives such as the use of casting. Giving Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) as one of the biologic agents to conservative management is expected to improve the outcome and become a promising alternative therapy.Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post-test control only group design on patients with intra-articular radius fractures at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar during the period September 2019 to March 2020. The samples were selected by random sampling. Evaluation of the functional outcomes of the therapy given through DASH and RUSS scores was evaluated twice, namely at week 6 and week 12 post-therapy. Descriptive data analysis, General Linear Model (GLM) test and post hoc test were also carried out.Results: There were 45 patients divided into 3 groups; the first group of a plaster cast therapy and PRP injection, the second group of only plaster cast and the third group of ORIF. The first group showed better in DASH scores than the second group but not better than the third group, both at week 6 and 12. The results of the GLM and post hoc analysis also showed that the first group showed better RUSS scores than the second group.Conclusion: The addition of PRP has a better result than conservative therapy without PRP but ORIF still was the best therapy.
Dietary management in colorectal cancer prevention: a review
Authors: Kristanto Yudi , Hartono Angeline Rosa
Published: February 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a health problem with a high incidence worldwide. Genetic factors and environmental factors are the etiology of colorectal cancer. Eating habits are one of the environmental factors that can be regulated so as to prevent colorectal cancer. Diet food in the development of colorectal cancer has an important role. Several studies in the last decade have shown an association between the consumption of several foods and nutrients and the risk of colorectal cancer in epidemiological and experimental studies.
Diagnosis dan tatalaksana rinosinusitis maksilaris odontogenik yang meluas sampai etmoid dan frontal: laporan kasus
Authors: Santosa Agus , Sari Nyoman Dian Permata , Putra Ida Bagus Semara , Masyeni Dewa Ayu Putu Sri
Published: February 2022

Background: Sinusitis is an inflammatory process in the nasal mucosa, especially in the paranasal sinuses. Sinusitis problems are important and need special attention in cases of sinusitis that do not improve after being given conventional therapy. The purpose of this paper is to establish the diagnosis and management of odontogenic maxillary rhinosinusitis that extends to the ethmoid and frontal areas.Case presentation: A male patient, aged 22 years, came to the ENT clinic at Mangusada Hospital, Badung. Based on the history, physical examination, supporting examination in the form of CT-scan so that it was diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis et causa odontogenic which extends to the ethmoid and frontal. The treatment chosen was surgery in the form of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and septorhinoplasty because in this case the patient had complications and did not respond to medical therapy. Postoperative evaluation, complaints of smelly mucus, nasal congestion and headache were not felt.Conclusion: The diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis et causa odontogenic which extends to the ethmoid and frontal based on CT-Scan and the treatment given to the patient in the form of FESS and septorhinoplasty. Latar belakang: Sinusitis merupakan proses inflamasi pada mukosa hidung, lebih khususnya pada sinus paranasal. Masalah sinusitis menjadi penting dan perlu perhatian khusus pada kasus sinusitis yang tidak membaik setelah diberikan terapi konvensional. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menegakkan diagnosis dan penatalaksan rinosinusitis maksilaris odontogenik yang meluas sampai etmoid dan frontal.Presentasi kasus: Seorang pasien laki-laki, berusia 22 tahun datang ke poli THT RS Mangusada, Badung. Berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan penunjang berupa CT-scan sehingga didiagnosis sebagai rinosinusitis kronis et causa odontogenic yang meluas sampai etmoid dan frontal. Penatalaksanaan yang dipilih adalah pembedahan berupa Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) dan septorhinoplasti, karena pada kasus ini pasien mengalami komplikasi dan tidak memberikan respon dengan terapi medikamentosa. Evaluasi pasca operasi, keluhan ingus berbau, hidung tersumbat dan nyeri kepala sudah tidak dirasakan.Kesimpulan: Diagnosis rinosinusitis kronis et causa odontogenic yang meluas sampai etmoid dan frontal berdasarkan dari CT-Scan dan tatalaksana yang diberikan pada pasien berupa FESS dan septorhinoplasti.
Interpretasi nilai Cycle Threshold (CT) Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 pada pasien hamil dengan uji antibodi SARS-CoV-2 positif dan COVID-19 asimtomatik
Authors: Candrawati Ni Wayan , Cassidy William Ray
Published: February 2022

Background: The majority of pregnant women with COVID-19 will be asymptomatic throughout the disease period. SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests were utilized as a screening tool for patients giving birth in a hospital. Cycle Threshold (CT) value in asymptomatic pregnant women may guide patient management and isolation protocol.Methods: Research data were obtained from medical records from March until October 2020 with a total sampling method. Pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody and asymptomatic COVID-19 were included. CT-value based on gene primers were grouped and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 365 for Windows.Results: Twenty-five pregnant women with asymptomatic COVID-19 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All patients had positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The highest and lowest CT-value for the RdRp gene were 37.91 and 26.90, followed by N-gene (34.37 and 32.16), E-gene (38.36 and 27.60), helicase gene (35.65 and 24.29), ORF1a (35.87 and 26.80), and ORF1ab (41.28 and 27.82).Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 antibody test is not a recommended screening tool as it can reveal past infection or immunity to SARS-CoV-2. CT-value is incapable of determining COVID-19 severity and infection period.   Latar Belakang: Mayoritas pasien COVID-19 dengan kehamilan tidak bergejala sepanjang periode perjalanan penyakit. Uji antibodi SARS-CoV-2 sempat digunakan sebagai alat skrining pasien yang akan melahirkan di rumah sakit. Nilai Cycle Threshold (CT) pada pasien hamil dengan COVID-19 asimtomatik kemungkinan dapat memandu tatalaksana dan isolasi pasien.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis dari bulan Maret hingga Oktober 2020 dengan total sampling. Data pasien hamil dengan uji antibodi SARS-CoV-2 positif dan terkonfirmasi COVID-19 asimtomatik dianalisis. Nilai cycle threshold (CT-value) berdasar primer dikelompokkan dan dianalisis menggunakan Microsoft Excel 365 untuk Windows. Hasil: Sebanyak 25 pasien hamil dengan terkonfirmasi COVID-19 asimtomatik memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Seluruh pasien memiliki hasil tes cepat antibodi SARS-CoV-2 reaktif. Nilai CT tertinggi dan terendah untuk gen RdRp sebesar 37,91 dan 26,9, diikuti dengan gen N (34,37 dan 32,16), gen E (38,36 dan 27,60), gen helicase (35,65 dan 24,29), ORF1a (35,87 dan 26,80), dan ORF1ab (41,28 dan 27,82).Simpulan: Nilai CT tidak dapat digunakan sebagai indikator keparahan gejala dan periode infeksi COVID-19. Pasien hamil dengan COVID-19 asimtomatik tidak harus menjalani isolasi di rumah sakit.
Effect of prone positioning for improving oxygenation in awake non-intubated COVID-19 patient: a systematic review
Authors: Prabawa I Made Yoga , Silakarma Dedi , Susantio Sisca
Published: February 2022

Background. The rapid rise of COVID-19 cases in many regions impacted on increasing needs of intensive care units and oxygen supplementation. The exponential COVID-19 infection with moderate to severe hypoxia that needs oxygen supplementation causes medical oxygen shortage in most hospitals and swamped the health care system. Prone positioning can be an alternate way for non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, especially in the region facing oxygen and ward shortage in hospitals. This systematic review will describe the impact of the prone positioning method for improving oxygenation in awake non-intubated COVID-19 patients.Method. A systematic review using PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines. We used inclusion criteria such as observational study with cross sectional, cohort, case-control or clinical trial study design regarding the effect of prone positioning for improving oxygenation in COVID-19 patients. Exclusion criteria were a letter to the editor, commentary reports, systematic review or meta-analysis, study involving non-awake and or intubated patients and study not available in full-text. Result. We gathered eleven studies consisting of six retrospective observational studies, three prospective observational studies and two clinical trials comprised of one randomized controlled trial and one interventional study. There are 791 awake non-intubated COVID-19 patients as the study sample. The measured outcomes are changes in SaO2, P/F ratio, S/F ratio, ROX index, intubation and mortality rate. The prone positioning duration varies between 29 minutes until 12 hours and helps improve oxygenation, reducing intubation and mortality.  Conclusion. Prone positioning is feasible to apply in awake non-intubated COVID-19 patients. It can improve oxygenation, reduce intubation, mortality rate and be beneficial to overcome oxygen and mechanical intubation shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Predictors of Mortality for Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: Systematic Review
Authors: Lusyana Lya , Ariady Randika Rea , Wirawan Gede Benny Setia
Published: February 2022

Objective: To identify mortality predictors of critically ill COVID-19 patients in ICU based on current available literatures.Methods: Systematic literature search was conducted in open-access databases. Data extraction was conducted for publication date, methodology employed, sample size, and results of multivariate analysis. Eligibility criteria for analysis was observational analytic design, sample size of 100 or more, and availability of multivariate results. Primary measures assessed was risk ratio, presented as odds ratio or hazard ratio. Data was analyzed qualitatively for themes that emerged for mortality predictors.Results: Several mortality predictors were identified, which included demographic, clinical history, laboratory results, and oxygenation profile at ICU admission. Several of the most consistently reported mortality predictors was older age, one or more comorbidities that constitute metabolic syndrome, chronic pulmonary disorder, low lymphocyte and platelet count, elevated d-dimer, and low PaO2/FiO2 ratio.Conclusions: Mortality predictors identified in this review were similar to previously known mortality and severity predictors of COVID-19 patients in general. This consistency may point to the potential of developing a scoring system to predict COVID-19 severity and mortality for clinical practice use.
Chemical constituents from the leaves of Styrax argentifolius H.L. Li and their antioxidative activity
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Tra , Pham Van Cuong , Nguyen Thi Thu Ha , Le Tu Anh , Ninh The Son
Published: February 2022

Searching for bioactive agents from medicinal plants, the phytochemical investigation on the EtOAc extract of the Vietnamese Styrax argentifoliusÂ leaves has resulted in the isolation and structural determination of five compounds, including one nor-neolignan egonoic acid (1), one lignan (+)-pinoresinol (2), one sterol (20R)-3Î²-hydroxysitgmasta-5,22-dien-7-one (3), and two triterpenoids lupeol (4), and 2Î±,3Î±,24-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acidÂ (5). The chemical structures of these secondary metabolites were elucidated by NMR and MS spectral data. All isolated compounds were first observed in S. argentifoliusÂ species. Sterol 3Â and triterpenoid 5Â were detected in genus StyraxÂ for the first time. With the IC50Â value of 19.10 Âµg/mL, compound 2Â possessed the strong activity in DPPH radical scavenging assay.
MODIFIKASI ALAT TANGKAP UDANG LAUT (Penaeus sp) MENGGUNAKAN BUBU BERBAHAN BAMBU
Authors: Wulandari Ully , Suharyanto Suharyanto , Zainudin Deden
Published: February 2022

The research with the title Modification of Sea Shrimp Fishing Equipment (Penaeus sp) Using Bamboo Bubu and bubu nets (synthetic) was conducted for three months, starting from March-May 2020 at the Fishing Gear Laboratory of Karawang Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic. The purpose of this study is to make a modified bamboo bubu fishing tool and know the number of catches. The research was conducted by ekperimental method of bamboo bubu fishing equipment used to catch shrimp (Paneus sp). This research resulted in bubu units that have been modified using bamboo and bubu nets (synthetic). Both bubu were tested simultaneously. The trial was conducted by conducting an arrest operation in Cikumpay Lake, Purwakarta for 15 days. The test results showed the dominant catch obtained was macrobarachium placidulum shrimp which measured on average 5.8 cm with bamboo bubu and 4.5 cm with bubu net (synthetic). The average number of catches obtained by bamboo bubu is 41 prawns/day while for bubu nets (synthetic) 6 prawns/day.
KEANEKARAGAMAN KAPANG KONTAMINAN PADA IKAN ASAP TERLAPISI KITOSAN KULIT UDANG
Authors: Sulistiawati Septiana , Nur Rinto M , Nurafni Nurafni , Hakiang Bahtila
Published: February 2022

Kapang dapat tumbuh pada bahan pangan, sehingga bahan tersebut menjadi rusak. Berbagai kapang telah dilaporkan terdapat pada ikan sebagai kontaminan, bahkan pada ikan asap yang dilapisi pengawet alami (kitosan). Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat keberagaman kapang kontaminan pada ikan asap yang dilapisi kitosan setelah masa penyimpanan tertentu. Ikan asap dilapisi dengan kitosan 0,5; 1; 1,5; dan 2%. Ikan asap disimpan pada suhu ruang dan dilakukan pengamatan setiap hari hingga ikan tampak ada pertumbuhan kapang. Kapang yang tumbuh diisolasi dan dikarakterisasi morfologinya secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Selain itu, juga dilakukan perhitungan jumlah jenis dan koloni kapang yang tumbuh pada ikan asap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan asap dengan pelapisan kitosan 0,5% terdapat 4 isolat dengan jumlah koloni 17, pelapisan kitosan 1% terdapat 5 isolat dengan jumlah 23, pelapisan kitosan 1,5% ditemukan 4 isolat dengan jumlah koloni 8, dan pelapisan kitosan 2% terdapat 2 isolat dengan jumlah koloni 2.