bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validity and Reliability of Remote Oral Medicine Consultations: Strengths and Challenges
Authors: Becker Talia , Tuchner Noa Revivo
Published: January 2025

Aims
To compare agreement of assumed diagnosis (prior to recommended biopsy) of oral pathological lesions with final diagnosis (post biopsy), between remote and frontal consultations with an oral medicine specialist.
Design and setting:
We examined 386 consultations, for which specialists recommended a biopsy, and compared assumed and final diagnoses.
Materials and Methods
The study group included 190 patients whose clinicians remotely consulted with specialists, sending relevant information via WhatsApp. The control group included 196 patients who had a frontal consultation with a clinician and specialist.
Results
Cohen’s Kappa for assessing agreement between differential and final diagnoses indicated that for remote consultations, (κ) = 0.815; for frontal consultations, (κ) = 0.698. Agreement between presumptive and final diagnoses decreased indirectly with patient age (p = 0.015). More patients avoided biopsy in the remote consultation group (p < 0.001). Fewer reports were received from the remote consultations regarding smoking status (p < 0.001).
Discussion
Our results suggest that remote consultations are an effective tool, with substantial reliability. However, other findings point to a more complex reality and should be considered.
Conclusions
The approach of patients and therapists to consultations may differ between frontal and remote settings, with more avoidance of biopsies after remote consultations and older patients posing a greater diagnostic challenge.
Mapping seasonal human mobility across Africa using mobile phone location history and geospatial data
Authors: Voepel Hal E. , Lai Shengjie , Steele Jessica , Cunningham Alexander , Rogers Grant , Ruktanonchai Corrine , Ruktanonchai Nick , Utazi C , Sorichetta Alessandro , Tatem Andrew
Published: January 2025

Seasonal human mobility data are essential for understanding socioeconomic and environmental dynamics, yet much of Africa lacks comprehensive mobility datasets. Human movement, shaped by economic needs, family responsibilities, seasonal climatic variations, and displacements, is poorly documented in many regions due to limitations of traditional methods like censuses and surveys. This study addresses these gaps by leveraging the Google Aggregated Mobility Research Dataset (GAMRD) and a Bayesian spatiotemporal framework to estimate pre-pandemic monthly mobility flows at both national and regional scales across Africa for 2018–2019. We analysed 25 countries with complete GAMRD data and developed regional models to estimate mobility in 28 additional countries with sparse or missing records, filling critical data gaps. Key predictors, including GDP per capita, underweight children, infant mortality, environmental variables like stream runoff and evapotranspiration, and covariate interactions, revealed the complexity of mobility drivers. This approach provides robust estimates of seasonal mobility changes in data-limited areas, and offers a foundational understanding of African mobility dynamics, which highlights the value of innovative modelling and novel sources to bridge data gaps for supporting regional planning and policy-making.
Spatio-temporal evolution of supply-demand-support system coupling coordination and its influencing factors of Chinese cultural tourism
Authors: Zhang Hang , Chen xingpeng , PU lili
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the transformation and upgrading of cultural tourism, and the development of quality and efficiency improvement have become hot topics of concern and academic discussion in China's economic and social circles. Based on the coupling coordination theory, this study constructs a coupling coordination model of product supply and economic development of cultural tourism, calculates the coupling coordination level of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from 2010 to 2020, divides the specific development stages and types according to the calculated results, and then analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of the coupling coordination level, and then analyzes its influencing factors according to the GTWR model. The results are as follows: (1) From 2010 to 2020, the global spatial positive correlation between the coupling and coordinated development ability of cultural tourism supply-demand-support system is prominent, the dynamics of local space is strong, and the cooperation ability shows the characteristics of strong east and weak west. (2) The ability of coupling and coordinated development decreases from east to west, but the development advantage of southwest China is obvious, among which the self-activity degree of northwest region is low, while southwest region is the highest. Central China has the highest degree of spatial dependence, while South China has the lowest. The southwest region is the traditional advantageous region of China's cultural tourism development, and maintains a relatively stable development trend, while the cultural tourism in the northeast region has weakened. (3) The degree of openness has a large trend of influencing ability, while the development of other five influencing factors, such as scientific and technological development, maintains a relatively stable ability. In the stage of imbalanced development, the influence of openness, scientific and technological support, and potential consumption has decreased, while the influence of the influencing factors of household consumption and industrial support has remained unchanged, and the influence of economic security has increased. The influencing ability of six influencing factors, such as the degree of openness in the transitional development stage, remained unchanged. The influencing ability of the degree of openness in the coordinated development stage decreased, while the influencing ability of five influencing factors, such as scientific and technological support, maintained the characteristics of stable growth, and the self-development ability continued to increase. Recognize and explore cultural tourism as a "community", put forward specific countermeasures and suggestions, and realize the sustainable and healthy development of cultural tourism product supply and economic development.
The Capability of Health Facilities to Manage Noncommunicable Diseases in Uganda
Authors: Robert
Published: January 2025

With funding from the Danish Civil Society Fund (CISU) and supported by the Danish NCD Alliance (DNCDA) and Uganda Non-Communicable Diseases Alliance (UNDCA), the study focused on assessing the capacity of lower-level health centers (HC III & HC IV) to manage noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Uganda. Specifically, the survey assessed the capacity of the HC III and HC IV units to (i) detect the main NCDs (cancer, diabetes and heart disease); (ii) offer clinical care, including timely referral of patients with NCDs; and (iii) raise awareness, through health education and health promotion, of major risk factors for NCDs. The survey focused mainly on cancer, diabetes and heart disease as the most prevalent NCDs. Using a cross-sectional survey design that included both qualitative and quantitative methods, the study revealed that HCs III and IV had inadequate technology, medicine, facilities, policies, recordkeeping, and human resource capacity to manage NCDs and conduct effective health education and promotion. As such, the study recommended that the staffing norms of all levels of HCs be upgraded, funding be increased at the district level, the salaries and general working conditions of HC workers be improved, and all HC health personnel be trained in NCD management.
Prediction and validation of aeroelastic limit cycle oscillations using harmonic balance methods and Koopman operator
Authors: McGurk Michael , Yuan Jie
Published: January 2025

The presence of nonlinearities within aerospace systems often triggers self-sustaining oscillations known as Limit Cycle Oscillations (LCO), demanding costly analysis for identification, notably through the resource-intensive generation of bifurcation diagrams. Consequently, the expense incurred tends to sideline nonlinear analysis in initial design phases, constraining design possibilities and impeding data-driven methods for nonlinear aeroelastic analysis reliant on efficient data collection, which has garnered attention in the aerospace sector. This work proposes a computationally efficient numerical framework for calculating LCO amplitudes and determining stability in nonlinear aeroelastic systems. The framework consists of using Harmonic Balance Methods (HBM) combined with the Hill method for the stability analysis. To avoid the sorting problem, the Koopman operator-based data-driven method is implemented. The methodology is applied to numerical test cases, encompassing both smooth and nonsmooth nonlinearities, and validated against outcomes from MATCONT and COCO. Subsequently, an experimental validation of the framework is conducted, comparing its outcomes to existing LCO experimental data acquired through control-based continuation experiments.
Clinical outcomes of radioactive 125 I seed brachytherapy for recurrent refractory differentiated thyroid cancers
Authors: Gao Zhen , Li Yixing , Dai Jinzhao , Di Xuemin , Liu Zezhou , Yu Huimin , Liu Xiaoli , Wang Juan , Zhang Hongtao
Published: January 2025

[Objective:]The purpose of this research was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of 125I seed brachytherapy for recurrent refractory differentiated thyroid cancers.
[Methods]:Between August 2005 and March 2023 33 patients with recurrence refractory of
differentiated thyroid cancer were treated with 125I seed brachytherapy. 125I seeds were implanted into the tumor under the guidance of CT and/or 3D-printed template images with the median prescription dose of 126 Gy (range, 90-155 Gy). The median seed number was 54 (range 8-214). Clinical efficacy was evaluated with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Follow-up
Survival and adverse events were analyzed.
[Results:]125I seeds were successfully implanted in 44 lesions among 33 patients. Lesions included 34 cervical lymph node metastases, 2 cases of recurrent thyroid lesions, 2 cases of pulmonary metastases, 3 cases of bone metastases,1 cases of pleural metastases, 1 case of mediastinal lymph node involvement, and 1 case of back soft tissue metastasis. Patients were monitored for 6–96 months. Six months postoperatively, CT images revealed 26 cases of CR, 14 cases of PR, and 4 cases of Stable Disease (SD). The ORR was 90.9% (40/44), and the LCR reached 100% (44/44) at 6 months. The median OS was 40.7 months, with 1-year,2-year,3-year, 4-year and 5-year survival rates of 91%, 88%, 74%,64.5%,and 51%, respectively.14 patients had died due to systemic metastases.No severe complications occurred.
[Conclusions:]CT-guided iodine-125 brachytherapy provided a safe and effective choice for recurrent refractory differentiated thyroid cancers with significant local therapeutic effects and minor complications.
Magnezya Takviyeli 7075 Alüminyum Alaşımı Matrisli Kompozitlerde Üretim Parametrelerinin Abrasif Aşınma Davranışına Etkisi
Authors: Pul Muharrem
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmada 7075 alüminyum alaşımı matrisli, %5, 10, 15 ve 20 oranlarında Magnezya takviyeli kompozitler toz metalürjisi yöntemiyle üretilmiştir. Daha sonra kompozitlerin abrasif aşınma deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aşınma deneyleri 40 N yük uygulanarak, 0,9 ms-1 hızda, 90 m ve 180 m aşınma mesafelerinde yapılmıştır. Deneylerden elde edilen veriler mikroskop görüntüleriyle birlikte yorumlanmıştır. Farklı MgO takviye oranları, aşınma mesafeleri, sinterleme sıcaklıkları ve sürelerinin kompozitlerin abrasif aşınma davranışı üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Aşınma mesafesinin iki kat artmasına rağmen aşınma kayıplarının aynı oranda artmadığı daha az meydana geldiği görülmüştür. Kompozit yapıda meydana gelen MgO takviye topaklanmaları ve gözenekliliğin mekanik özellikler üzerinde etkili olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Aşınmış yüzey morfolojisinin daha çok mikro-sabanlama mekanizması şeklinde gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Kompozitlerin aşınma davranışı üzerinde en etkili parametrenin MgO takviye miktarı olduğu, sinterleme sıcaklığı ve süresindeki değişimlerin çok önemli oranda etki yapmadığı genel sonucuna varılmıştır.
Vakum Destekli Reçine İnfüzyon Kalıplama ile Kompozit Parça Üretiminde Hava Kaçak Lokasyon Tespiti
Authors: Aydoğan Berkay , Pekbey Yeliz
Published: January 2025

Kompozit parça üretiminde yaygın olarak kullanılan vakum destekli reçine infüzyon kalıplama metodolojisinde, yapıda boşluğa sebebiyet vererek parça kalitesine olumsuz etki eden hava kaçaklarının tespiti ve müdehalesi üretim öncesi veya sırasında çok önemlidir. Kompozit parça içerisine ihtiva etmiş hava boşlukları, endüstriyel uygulamalarda işletmeler için zaman kaybı, yapısal sorunlar ve dolayısıyla maliyet anlamına gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada endüstrideki kaçak tespiti yöntemleri incelenmiş ve hava akış sensörleri ile heterojen geçirgenliğe sahip kompozit parça üretimlerinde kullanılmak üzere bir algoritma geliştirilerek kaçak tespiti üzerine çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmalarda termal kütle akış ölçerleri kullanılmış olup, Parçacık Sürü Optimizasyonu (PSO) ve çeşitli matematiksel optimizasyon yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Geliştirilen bu sistem endüstriyel ölçekte kullanılabilecek şekilde tasarlanmış ve doğrudan hat üzerine montaja uygun biçimde testlere tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan çalışmalar vakum destekli reçine infüzyon kalıplama ile heterojen yapıdaki laminalı kompozit parça üretiminde hava kaçak tespitinin zorluklarını açıkça ortaya koymuş bu zorlukların hangi yaklaşımlarla ortadan kaldırılabileceği konusunda öneriler vermiştir. Çalışma sonucunda homojen yapıdaki laminalı kompozit parça üretiminde %9,2 heterojen yapıdaki laminalı kompozit parça üretiminde %16,5 ortalama hata oranı ile sonuç verebilen bir hava kaçak tespit sistemi geliştirilmiştir.
Panorama do conhecimento em ciência e tecnologia entre oficiais de Estado-Maior da Marinha
Authors: Gavião Luiz Octávio , Lauro Adriano , Wittig Vianna Vinicius , Pereira Oliveira Valdenize , Sonegheti Coli Luíza
Published: January 2025

O artigo tem por finalidade realizar uma avaliação exploratória com egressos e atuais discentes dos cursos de altos estudos militares da Marinha, acerca de seus conhecimentos sobre ciência, tecnologia e inovação. Esse conhecimento é essencial ao Oficial de Marinha e deve receber especial atenção nas escolas do Ministério da Defesa. O mundo vive a era do conhecimento, evoluindo nessas áreas em ritmo sem precedentes na história, sendo essencial avaliar se o preparo acadêmico está acompanhando essa evolução. No novo milênio a inovação disruptiva ocorre constantemente, impondo a obsolescência também na área de defesa, que deve primar pelo estado da arte para manter sua capacidade operativa e credibilidade para a dissuasão. A pesquisa recorreu a Oficiais com e sem experiência em programas e projetos estratégicos da própria Força, com qualificação suficiente para estabelecerem suas preferências às questões propostas. A metodologia quantitativa explorou o Processo de Análise Hierárquica (AHP), método consagrado na literatura científica, juntamente com testes e gráficos estatísticos para verificar a significância dos resultados, referentes às preferências dos Oficiais em relação aos objetivos da Política Nacional da Base Industrial de Defesa (PNBID) e ao Portfólio de Programas Estratégicos da Marinha. Os resultados indicaram que os especialistas estimam o Programa Nuclear e o SisGAAz com maior potencial de contribuição à PNBID, enquanto o Programa Mentalidade Marítima obteve os menores escores. Os Especialistas também consideraram que o principal objetivo da PNBID é a formação continuada de recursos humanos, pois são essenciais para liderar processos, treinar novos quadros e identificar os sistemas e equipamentos essenciais para inovar e impulsionar novas tecnologias.
A Portable Method for Plant-Available Potassium Determination in Soil
Authors: S. Atarão Gabriel , B. Viana Ana , A. Macedo Adrean , B. Riquiere Taynara , B. Pardinho Renan , D. Vecchia Paula , L. Dressler Valderi
Published: January 2025

Brazilian territory is vast and mostly of the soil are acidic and poor in macronutrients (NPK).
As a result, it is necessary to use high amounts of fertilizers to ensure good productivity. Extraction
of available K from soil is usually done using Mehlich-1 solution and determination by inductively
coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). This work proposes a simple and
robust method for available K extraction, allowing its determination in a fast and practical way
by electrode ion selective (ISE-K), using low volume and less toxic reagents, aiming to be in
accordance with the principles of Green Chemistry and portability. Considering these assumptions,
available K extraction from soils with different characteristics was done using NaCl solution. The
precision of the method is better than 10% and the agreement of the results varies from 80 to
100% in relation to those obtained by the Mehlich-1 solution and K determination by ICP OES.
In this way, it was possible to determine the available K content in different types of soil in a fast, practical and robust way, using accessible and low-cost reagents. Therefore, the method can be
used for K determination at the field.
Pengelolaan Generasi Berkarakter Melalui Mata Pelajaran Aqidah Akhlak
Authors: Romdoniyah Fida Fadilatul , Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada peneliti terhadap penurunan moralitas karakter bangsa, yang tercermin dalam meningkatnya perilaku pergaulan bebas, hipotesis obat-obatan, dan fenomena lainnya. Dalam konteks ini, sekolah Madrasah Tsanawiyah, khususnya dalam mata pelajaran Aqidah Akhlak, memiliki peran penting dalam menghidupkan dan menyadarkan nilai-nilai agama Islam kepada para siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan lokasi penelitian dilakukan di MTs. Asy-Syuhada. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan analisis lintas kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perencanaan pembelajaran oleh guru Aqidah Akhlak untuk membentuk karakter yang melibatkan desain pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan media, (2) implementasi pembelajaran oleh guru Aqidah Akhlak telah sesuai dengan aturan dan tata tertib yang telah direncanakan dalam setiap kegiatan pembelajaran di Madrasah Tsanawiyah , sebagai lembaga pendidikan dasar, (3) evaluasi pembelajaran Aqidah Akhlak dilakukan melalui tugas ujian, ulangan harian, nilai Ujian Tengah Semester (UTS), dan Ujian Akhir Semester (UAS) peserta didik. Penyampaian materi pembelajaran Aqidah Akhlak dalam membentuk karakter siswa yang dilakukan oleh guru mata pelajaran di sekolah menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskan menurut hasil penelitian ini.Kata Kunci: pendidikan karakter; akhlak; generasi berkarakter
Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Blended Learning Masa Covid 19
Authors: Naharani Ita , Saefudin Saefudin
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to find out the management of blended learning at SD Supriyadi Semarang which is focused on 3 parts, namely material management, process, and results. This research approach uses qualitative descriptive research. This research was carried out at SD Supriyadi Semarang. The subjects of this study are teachers and students at SD Supriyadi Semarang. The data collection technique uses observation, interview and documentation techniques. The data validity technique uses source triangulation. The data analysis technique uses data reduction methods, data presentation and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the management of blended learning has not been carried out well. This study found that (1) The management of blended learning materials has not been carried out well, teachers do not try to distinguish the materials used in blended learning. (2) The management of the blended learning process has not been maximized. Teachers do not understand classroom management. (3) The management of blended learning outcomes has not been maximized, there is a tendency for teachers to emphasize learning outcomes more on cognitive aspects and less touching on affective aspects. Therefore, teachers at SD Supriyadi Semarang need to conduct a review so that the material presented is in accordance with the provisions. Teachers as educators must understand classroom management in blended learning. In the management of learning outcomes, teachers should apply three-aspect assessment and not lean towards only one aspect. In addition, the school should hold a dilkat for teachers so that teachers can do this blended learning well. This research recommends increasing teacher competency in blended learning management to support more effective and comprehensive learning. For future research, it is expected to expand the variables and research objects and is expected to use more research literature
Glyphosate como possível agente de seleção de espécies do cerrado e da caatinga brasileira: avaliando a sensibilidade das espécies a duas vias de contaminação
Authors:   , Borges Maiara Pinheiro da Silva
Published: January 2025

O glyphosate é um herbicida não seletivo utilizado para o controle de plantas daninhas em áreas
agrícolas e não agrícolas. O uso extensivo do glyphosate no sistema de plantio direto e em
culturas geneticamente modificadas fez do herbicida o pesticida mais utilizado no país. No
entanto, o uso inadequado desse herbicida pode causar vários problemas de caráter ambiental,
tais como a intoxicação em algumas culturas sensíveis, morte da fauna edáfica, contaminação
do solo, das águas superficiais e subterrâneas, além de causar danos à mata nativa. Neste
trabalho foi avaliado o efeito do uso do glyphosate sobre espécies nativas e não nativas comuns
em áreas de Caatinga e Cerrado. Dois experimentos foram realizados, sendo o primeiro
constituído da simulação de deriva de glyphosate e o segundo na simulação da contaminação
de águas subsuperficiais por glyphosate. As espécies nativas apresentaram tolerância
diferencial ao glyphosate. A B. cheilantha, E. contortisiliquum, M. caesalpiniifolia M.
tenuiflora e T. aurea são mais afetadas pela exposição à deriva simulada de glyphosate. O
crescimento de folhas é mais sensível a exposição por deriva simulada de glyphosate para a
maioria das espécies. A H. courbaril é uma exceção, com maior sensibilidade para o
crescimento radicular. A B. cheilantha é a espécies mais sensível a exposição por deriva, porém,
demostrou completa tolerância a contaminação de glyphosate na água subsuperficial. Outras
espécies como A. macrocarpa, M. caesalpiniifolia e T. aurea também são sensíveis à deriva,
porém tolerantes a contaminação por água subsuperficial. A tolerância diferencial das arbóreas
as vias de contaminação por deriva e água subsuperficial confirma o potencial do glyphosate
como agente de seleção de espécies nos biomas caatinga e cerrado.
Effects of COVID-19 on Oral Health Status: A Review
Authors: Pragi  , Kumar Varun , Monika
Published: January 2025

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the cause of the COVID-19 illness, which has been discovered to have a number of side effects. The purpose of this
study is to present the most recent scientific data about oral symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and the difficulties the dental system faced throughout the
pandemic. When COVID-19 is suspected or confirmed, it is advised that patients undergo a routine intraoral examination because oral symptoms
occasionally signal a serious illness or even a life-threatening condition. We think it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of all COVID-19
symptoms, including oral lesions, given the current state of the spread of the disease and the unknown future effects of newly developing viral
variations. The internet databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and Science Direct were investigated to find
out how COVID-19 influences oral health. Our suggestions were based on the most recent recommendations from the American Dental
Association, WHO, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Infection Control Practices for Dentistry. The objectives of this review
were to analyze current infection control recommendations and shed light on the oral effects of COVID-19 using the evidence that is currently
available. With the present understanding of the pathophysiology and biological behavior of COVID-19, the main question addressed in this
review was whether it is reasonable to believe that oral symptoms are a direct result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we will look at the
possible oral and dental consequences of COVID-19 based on the information that is currently available.
Navigating Regulatory Frameworks and Compliances for Bacteriophages
as Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Kaistha Shilpa Deshpande , Devi Pramila , Sharma Nisha , Sagar Sadhana
Published: January 2025

The emergence of multiple antibiotic resistance in recurrent bacterial infections has
led to exploring alternative therapeutic options, including using bacteria lysing viruses [bacteriophages] to control recalcitrant infections. Bacteriophages [Phage] and their end products such
as enzymes, virus-like particles, and vectors are being used for varied applications such as basic
and applied research for the field of phage therapeutics. Phage-based products and services such
as viral vectors for gene therapy/vaccines, imaging agents, diagnostics as well as drug delivery
agents form a wide range of useful innovative therapeutics that are under development. Regulatory compliances are hence essential for safely implementing phage in varied applications.
Product compliances ensure safety, efficacy, stability, and quality control in preclinical as well
as manufacturing and marketing processes. A well-established regulatory framework ensures
innovative product development with high rates of successful clinical translation and development of phage therapeutics as effective alternatives to antibiotics or for consideration in integrated pathogen management strategies. This review highlights the importance of regulatory
standards in different stages of phage therapy- during preclinical research as well as different
regulatory bodies in the manufacturing, clinical evaluation, and market approval of phage-based
products. Global trends in facilitating phage therapeutics' regulatory frameworks and compliances are discussed.
Engineering Pancreatic Organoids
Authors: Mollazadeh Samaneh , Al-Asady Abdulridha Mohammed , Saeedi Nikoo , Avan Amir , Khazaei Majid , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Mehr Seyed Mahdi Hasanian
Published: January 2025

Experimental cell culture models that mimic the intricate features of organs offer significant potential for fundamental research and clinical applications. In order to enhance the growth of organoids, various matrices have been developed to replicate the essential character-istics of the tissue microenvironment through physical, chemical, and mechanical cues. Recent advancements in biomaterial technology have further refined the cultivation of organoids. This review provides an overview of the effect of different matrices, whether natural or synthetic, on the fabrication of pancreatic and islet clusters. Through a comprehensive examination of ongoing research, this paper aims to increase an understanding of pancreatic organoid genera-tion, with implications for modeling pancreatic disorders and advancing regenerative medicine
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Liquid Biopsy Transforming Early Detection of Liver Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: P. Thilagesh , S. Anand Kumar , U. Aiswarya Nair , S. Rabiniraj , P. Shobana , M. Subramani , K. Sriram
Published: January 2025

Liver metastases from Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers present significant challenges in oncology, often signaling poor prognosis. Traditional detection methods like imaging and tissue biopsies have limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and tumor heterogeneity represen-tation. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, driven by advancements in ma-chine learning, algorithms, and data science, offers a promising frontier for early detection and management of liver metastases. This review explores the integration of AI and liquid biopsy technologies as transformative tools in the proactive detection of liver metastases aris-ing from GI malignancies.
Liquid biopsy, a non-invasive method, analyzes circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in bodily fluids. It provides a compre-hensive overview of tumor heterogeneity and enables real-time monitoring of tumor evolu-tion and treatment response. Despite its advantages, liquid biopsy faces challenges such as low sensitivity for early-stage metastases, reduced detectability due to liver filtration, and technical limitations.
AI enhances the potential of liquid biopsies by improving diagnostic accuracy through ad-vanced algorithms like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Natural Language Pro-cessing (NLP). These AI models analyze complex biomedical data, offering higher sensitivity and specificity in cancer detection. The synergy between AI and liquid biopsies promises early detection, better disease monitoring, and personalized treatment strategies.
This review underscores the significant advancements AI and liquid biopsy technologies bring to oncological precision medicine, particularly in improving overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for patients with GI cancer metastases. As we transition into the era of precision medicine, the integration of these technologies holds the potential to redefine cancer care and patient management.
Efficacy and Safety of Immunotherapy Combined with Anlotinib as FirstLine Treatment in Older NSCLC Patients with PD-L1
Expression<50%
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Wang Wei , Xu Chunhua , Yuan Qi
Published: January 2025

Background:

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predominantly affects older
adults; these patients have significant comorbidities, making them unsuitable for chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) along with anlotinib combination therapy as a first-line treatment in older
NSCLC patients with programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) expression＜50%.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective observational study including 73 patients with advanced NSCLC treated at Nanjing Brain Hospital. All patients were aged 75 years or older
and received first-line systemic therapy with a combination of PD-1 inhibitors and anlotinib. Clinical data were obtained from electronic medical records and analyzed through
Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models to assess progression-free
survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the influence of different variables.

Results:

The patients had a median age of 80 years. The median PFS was 9.8 months
(95% CI: 7.9-11.7), and the median OS was 19.5 months (95% CI: 17.3-21.7). PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) <1% (χ2=10.263, P=0.001) and absence of treatment-induced
hypertension (χ2=12.804, P<0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for poor
PFS. Advanced disease stage (χ2=11.900, P=0.001), PD-L1 TPS <1% (χ2=6.643,
P=0.010), and having two or more chronic comorbidities (χ2=9.011, P=0.003) were independent risk factors for poor OS. Treatment-related
hypertension was observed in 25% of
patients and was associated with better PFS.

Conclusion:

ICI-anlotinib combination therapy showed promising efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in older NSCLC patients. Future studies involving
larger populations are necessary to validate these findings and determine the potential of PD-L1 levels
as a biomarker for treatment stratification.
Osseointegration Process Improving via Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: da Silva Braga Martins Junior Sergio Murilo , Noguera Bazan Jose Manuel , dos Santos Silva Lucas , Nascimento da Silva Luis Claudio
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Objectives:

Failures of osseointegrated implants pose a significant challenge
in the medical field, often attributed to prolonged osseointegration periods and bacterial infections.
Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes (TNTs) has emerged as a promising
strategy to improve osseointegration and mitigate infections. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric
analysis and systematic review to identify trends, gaps, and advancements in research on the
functionalization of TNTs for osseointegration improvement.

Methods:

Articles were retrieved from the Web of Science database using the keywords "osseointegration,"
"titanium dioxide nanotubes," and "functionalization." The inclusion criteria were studies
published between 2014 and 2023, written in English, and focusing on the use of TNTs in implant
surface modifications. A total of 126 articles were included after screening. Data extraction
and analysis were performed using VOS Viewer, Microsoft Excel, and GraphPad Prism.

Results:

The review revealed a growing number of publications on TNT functionalization, with
China, the United States, and Brazil leading in contributions. Key findings include the effectiveness
of TNTs loaded with bioactive agents (e.g., silver, strontium, hydroxyapatite) in promoting osseointegration
and antibacterial activity. Collaborative networks among institutions and authors were
mapped, highlighting the Sao Paulo State University and Yong Huang as the most prolific contributors.

Conclusion:

The findings underscore the potential of TNT functionalization to enhance implant
performance. However, a gap remains in translating preclinical findings into clinical trials. Future
research should focus on clinical validation to bridge this gap and translate laboratory advancements
into therapeutic solutions.
Advances in the Study of Halogenated Natural Products
Authors: Zhang Lijing , Liu Bing , Zhu Ting , Tian Xue , Chen Ning , Wang Yuxin
Published: January 2025

Halogenated natural products are an important class of secondary metabolites that are
widely distributed in nature. The presence of halogen atoms usually enhances the pharmacological
activity of the compounds. As a result, halogenated natural products have shown promising pharmacological
activities in antibacterial, antitumour, anti-inflammatory and antiplasmodial properties,
providing a rich resource for the development of new drugs. To date, more than 62% of halogenated
compounds are produced by marine organisms, mainly including marine sponges, algae, corals,
fungi and other organisms. In addition, terrestrial microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi,
also produce halogenated metabolites, which are equally important sources of halogenated natural
products. The biosynthesis of halogenated natural products involves the synergistic action of multiple
enzymes that efficiently and selectively bind halogen atoms to organic molecules, a process that
enhances the biological activity of the compounds. Halogenated natural products have a wide range
of uses as important raw materials in the agricultural, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. This
paper reviews the progress of research on halogenated compounds and their biosynthesis in recent
years, laying the foundation for further utilisation and development of halogenated compounds.
A Novel Platform for Protein Post-translational Modifications based on a High-density Antibody Array
Authors: Wang Tao , Li Wei , Lv Jingqiao , Li Na , Zhang Peng , Tang Hao , Jiang Lei , Wang Yanlin , Mao Mike , Luo Shuhong , Dong Hua , Huang Ruo-Pan
Published: January 2025

Background:

Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) are covalent modifications of
amino acids added to proteins that can significantly affect proteins’ structures and functions. PTMS
are, therefore, important biomarkers due to their regulation of various bioactivities. Protein array is
a robust tool for detecting and quantifying proteins with high throughput, small sample requirement,
and high sensitivity.

Objectives:

On the basis of a high-density array, we developed a new platform to detect the PTM
level, such as phosphorylation and acetylation, and changes in larger scales using an anti-PTM antibody.

Methods:

THP-1 cells treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) were used for testing the new system and quantifying the phosphorylation and acetylation
level change. The proteins whose phosphorylation and acetylation levels changed significantly were
screened and compared with reported phenotypic change.

Results:

By using antibodies against phosphorylation and acetylation, the PTM change for the same
protein can be detected. Based on the proteins whose PTM is significantly different before and after
treatment, it was found that the enriched pathways and biological progress agreed with the stimulation
of PMA and LPS.

Conclusion:

Our results supported the idea that this platform can be used to effectively compare the
phosphorylation and acetylation level changes among samples and screen for biomarkers on the
proteomic scale.
Current Developments in Palliative Care for Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Ingle Pravinkumar , Lian Wei Kian , Ting Shui Jian , Ngui Yew Ung , Chong Chiau Win , Teoh Hui Qing , Hatware Ketan
Published: January 2025

Lung cancer has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide, following cardiovascular
disease. It is defined as a disease in which lung cells divide uncontrollably, forming tumors
that can either remain localised or spread to other parts of the body. Patients with lung cancer
often experience symptoms, such as shortness of breath, pain, and loss of appetite, which can
significantly impact their quality of life. Additionally, the treatment of lung cancer, particularly
chemotherapy, can cause severe adverse effects. Risk factors, such as smoking, and alcohol consumption,
can increase the likelihood of developing lung cancer. Therefore, it is essential to provide
palliative care to all lung cancer patients to manage their symptoms and improve their quality
of life. Simply relying on curative treatments, like chemotherapy and radiation therapy, may not
be enough to achieve therapeutic goals. Effective communication between healthcare professionals
and patients is crucial in ensuring that appropriate palliative care is provided. Misunderstandings
can arise if there are gaps in communication between patients and healthcare professionals,
leading to suboptimal care plans. Unfortunately, palliative care services are still not widely known
or easily accessible. More research is needed to promote and expand access to palliative care services
for patients with lung cancer. This review summarises the etiological factors, consequences,
symptoms management, and the beneficial role of palliative care in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy
for lung cancer patients. It also discusses implications for practice and research, as
well as challenges in palliative and end-of-life care for these patients.
Infection Screening and Vaccination of Adult and Pediatric Patients with
Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: An Emirati Delphi
Consensus
Authors: Almarzooqi Ahlam , Abdalla Jehad , Elsadeg Mohamed Sharif , Zamani Noura , Ginawi Amel Abdel Gadir , Alrawi Zaid , Namas Rajaie , Aldhaheri Afra , Zayat Ahmed , Elbadawi Faisal , ALDabal Layla , Aljaberi Najla , Abdullah Shazia , Hannawi Suad , Alnaqbi Khalid A. , Dhaheri Fatima Al , Hameed Beena , Al-Saleh Jamal
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Patients with autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases
(AIIRD) have an increased susceptibility to infections due to their compromised immune systems
and the use of immunosuppressive therapies. Infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients, emphasizing the need for strategies such as infection control and vaccination to prevent avoidable harm to both patients and healthcare workers. This study aims to provide expert consensus on infection screening and vaccination guidelines for AIIRD patients.

Methods:

A task force of experts from the United Arab Emirates developed a set of statements
based on available evidence and expert opinion. The consensus was structured into two main categories: infection screening (9 statements with 23 sub-statements) and vaccination (7 statements).

Results:

The infection screening consensus covered nine key areas: tuberculosis (TB) screening
(I.1), methods and periodicity of TB screening (I.2), strategies for managing positive IGRA test
results (I.3), and infection control for hepatitis B (I.4), hepatitis C (I.5), HIV (I.6), varicella-zoster
virus (I.7), and Pneumocystis jirovecii (I.8). The vaccination consensus included recommendations on general vaccination principles (V.0) and specific vaccinations for influenza (V.1), pneumococcal disease (V.2), human papillomavirus (HPV) (V.3), varicella-zoster virus (V.4), tetanus
(V.5), and COVID-19 (V.6). Delphi voting showed strong consensus among the task force experts, validating their relevance and applicability for clinicians managing AIIRD patients.

Conclusion:

This Emirati consensus provides up-to-date guidance and recommendations for clinicians to enhance the care and safety of AIIRD patients.

result:

Delphi voting revealed a very high level of agreement with the recommendations among the task force experts.
Personalized Respiratory Motion Modeling Incorporating Longitudinal Data through Two-stage Transfer Learning
Authors: Chen Peizhi , Zou Xupeng , Guo Yifan
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

This study aims to develop an accurate image registration framework for personalized respiratory motion modeling.

Methods:

The proposed framework incorporates longitudinal data through a two-stage transfer learning approach. In the first stage, transfer learning is
employed on longitudinal data collected from the same device. In the second stage, a personalized model is constructed using the transfer learning
approach, reusing the model from the first stage. A novel cross-error function is introduced to guide the customized adaptation stage.

Results:

The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in respiratory motion modeling. Integrating longitudinal data allows for
improved accuracy for personalized respiratory motion modeling.

Conclusion:

The study presents a novel approach that incorporates longitudinal data into a two-stage transfer learning process for personalized respiratory
motion modeling. The framework demonstrates improved accuracy. The results highlight the potential of leveraging longitudinal data to provide
personalized image registration solutions.
Enhancing Medical Image Classification through Transfer Learning and CLAHE Optimization
Authors: Halloum Kamal , Ez-Zahraouy Hamid
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

This paper examines the impact of transfer learning and CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization) optimization on the
classification of medical images, specifically brain images.

Methods:

Four different setups were tested: normal images without data augmentation, normal images with data augmentation, CLAHE-processed images
without data augmentation, and CLAHE-processed images with data augmentation.

Results:

The results show that using CLAHE combined with data augmentation significantly improves classification accuracy. Specifically, the
combination of CLAHE and data augmentation achieved a precision of 0.90, a recall of 0.87, an F1-score of 0.89, and an accuracy of 0.86,
outperforming the other setups.

Conclusion:

These findings highlight the effectiveness of CLAHE optimization in the context of transfer learning, particularly when data augmentation
techniques are also applied, leading to an overall improvement in the performance of brain image classification models.
Eriochrome Cyanine R Immobilized Amberlite XAD-2 for Efficient
Separation and Preconcentration of Fe(III)
Authors: Gupta Ashu , Gupta Radhika , Sharma R. K.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Metal contamination in water is a significant environmental and public
health issue. They can find their way into water sources through industrial waste, mining activities,
agricultural runoff and improper disposal of chemicals. Once present in water, these metals can accumulate in the bodies of aquatic organisms and move up the food chain, ultimately affecting human
health. Hence, the development of effective water treatment technologies is required to reduce risks
associated with contaminated water sources.

Method:

In the present study, we report the fabrication of Eriochrome cyanine R immobilized Amberlite XAD-2 for the separation and preconcentration of Fe(III). Various parameters that can affect
adsorption, were optimized, such as pH, contact time, temperature, analyte concentration and resin
loading. The reliability of the proposed method has also been examined in the presence of possible
matrix ions. To prove the large-scale applicability of the fabricated sorbent, real waste stream aliquots were obtained from nearby leather and electroplating industries.

Result:

The synthesized chelating resin proves its supremacy as an environmentally benign sorbent
for the adsorption of Fe(III) ions from various aqueous samples under mild conditions. A wide pH
range of 4-9, with a contact time of just 7.5 min, under ambient temperature and using just 40 mg of
the resin, offers a sustainable approach for efficient removal of Fe(III) ions with a high preconcentration factor of 150. Additionally, these adsorbed ions can be effortlessly desorbed using mild eluent.
Satisfactory results were obtained with real industrial samples. The sorbent also imparts recyclability
for up to five consecutive cycles

Conclusion:

Eriochrome cyanine R immobilized Amberlite XAD-2 was proven to be highly effective in the removal of Fe(III) ions from various water samples, including real wastewater, which
offer the potential for scale-up in various practical applications. Additionally, it offers a costeffective, reusable, and environmentally friendly solution compared to other traditional methods. Its
wide application in industrial wastewater treatment makes it an essential component in reducing
metal contamination and protecting water quality