bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects for the implementation of the concept of digital citizenship in scientific libraries
Authors: Lomachynsky Bohdan
Published: August 2024

The relevance of the research problem is determined by the active development of the digital society, which requires the formation of new forms of civic participation of the generation of the digital age, and Scientific libraries as leading information and communication institutions of society play a significant role in forming the value foundations of the worldview of modern youth as citizens of the digital age. The purpose of the article was to determine the prospects for the implementation of the concept of digital citizenship in scientific libraries. The research methodology was based on a combination of source analysis, comparative analysis, dialectical, systematic and logical methods of scientific research. As a result of the conducted research, it was stated that the representatives of the digital generation in the socio-communication aspect are an independent, critical, socially active community, formed thanks to the active use of the Internet and social media for obtaining information and communication. The characteristic features of the worldview of a “digital person” include fluency in digital and information-analytical technologies, speed of search and perception of new information, short attention span, giving preference to visualized information, brevity of presentation, “clip-like” perception. It is the character of the “digital person” that defines the reader not of the future, but of the present, because the generation of 20-30-year-olds is the first generation that was born in the digital world and can no longer imagine life without the mobile Internet and various gadgets, which necessitates the global transformation of traditional forms of work of libraries in the direction of active use of digital technologies. The work emphasized that university libraries should provide progressive education based on the expansion and deepening of digital competences of users, taking into account moral and ethical, socio-legal and psychological factors. The implementation of the concept of digital citizenship necessitates active digitization of library funds, expansion of the spectrum of virtual products and services, as well as active positioning of the library's activities in social networks. Prospects for further research consist in the expansion and deepening of practical recommendations for the formation of the concept of digital citizenship by means of library practices
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF O‘QUVCHILARINI VATANPARVARLIK RUHIDA TARBIYALASH
Authors: Urazboyeva Sabohat
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются чувства воспитания учащихся младших классов в духе патриотизма, любви к Родине, почитания ее, любви к ней, верности, быть достойным Родины и способы формирования этих чувств.
FITRATNING “SARF” VA “NAHV” ASARLARIDA TILSHUNOSLIK TERMINLARINING QO‘LLANISHI
Authors: Ermatov Ixtiyor , Mustafayeva Shaxlo
Published: August 2024

This article is devoted to the use of linguistic terms used in Fitrat’s works “Sarf” and “Nahv”. Linguistic terms serve as illustrative material of the article.
ЖАМИЯТДА НОДАВЛАТ ОЛИЙ ТАЪЛИМ РИВОЖЛАНИШ КОНЦЕПЦИЯСИНИНГ АМАЛГА ОШИРИЛИШИ ВА УНИНГ МАМЛАКАТ СТРАТЕГИК ТАРАҚҚИЁТИ БИЛАН БОҒЛИҚЛИГИ
Authors: Эшонкулова Нуржахон
Published: August 2024

This article presents a scientific and philosophical analysis of the important priorities of higher education reform in the development strategy of the New Uzbekistan, based on such scientific methods as comparative analysis, observation and a systematic approach, issues related to the implementation of the concept of development of non-state higher education in society are investigated.
POSTMODERNIZM TARIXIGA OID TA’RIFLAR
Authors: Sodiqova Baxtigul
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the definition of postmodernism, which accepts the contradictions, the literary theory of postmodernism and the point of view of postmodernism, or the state of postmodernism depends on what nation one lives in or what intellectual tradition one is based on.
MAHMUDXO‘JA BEHBUDIY - BUYUK MA’RIFATPARVAR, YOZUVCHI, PUBLITSIST, DRAMATURG VA JAMOAT ARBOBI, JADIDCHILIK HARAKATINING YETAKCHILARIDAN BIRI
Authors: Mirsaidova Nilufar
Published: August 2024

The article is dedicated to the enormous merits of Mahmudhodji Behbudi, one of the national intellectuals at the forefront of the Jadidist movement, to history and the people. Mention was made of his services in the field of opening schools, updating the education and training system, publishing newspapers
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ АНИМАЛИСТИЧЕСКОГО ЖАНРА В ЛИНГВИСТИКЕ
Authors: АТКАМОВА Суманбар
Published: August 2024

Animalistics studies the linguistic aspects of communication between different species of animals or between humans and animals. This is an interesting line of research that involves the study of sounds, gestures, facial expressions, symbols and other forms of communication used by animals to convey information. In the context of animalistics, this article examines how ideas about animals influence the structure of language and vice versa, how language shapes our understanding of animals.
YOZUVCHI SHAXSIYATINING PSIXOLOGIK TRILLER ASAR USLUBIYATIDA NAMOYON BO‘LISH XUSUSIYATLARI (TOMAS HARRIS TETRALOGIYASI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Samandarova Sojida
Published: August 2024

The article explores the intricate relationship between the author’s identity and the unique narrative style of psychological thrillers, focusing on Harris’s iconic Hannibal Lecter series comprising “Red Dragon”, “The Silence of the Lambs”, “Hannibal”, and “Hannibal Rising”.
AFG‘ONISTON DAVLATCHILIGI HOKIMYAT TUZILMASIDA AFG‘ON O‘ZBEKLARINING ROLI: TARIXIY TAHLIL (XIX ASR OXIRI – XX ASR BIRINCHI YARMI)
Authors: Xaitov Shadmon , Norqo‘chqarov Xushvaqt
Published: August 2024

This article provides information about the role of representatives of the Uzbek nationality living in the country in the administrative structure of the Afghan government from the end of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century. During this period, the life and activities of many ministers, soldiers, ambassadors, representatives of the government system, who grew up among the local and immigrant Afghan Uzbeks, were analyzed in detail.
ONEIROSPHERE IN UZBEK FOLKLORE
Authors: Allaev Zafar
Published: August 2024

The role dreams and their interpretation is considered as inseparable part of uzbek nation for many centuries. As they are crucial for their daily life, we can the effects of them even in their folklore. Therefore this article discusses the role oneirosphre in uzbek folklore, particularly epic poems, like “Alpomish”, “Ravshan” and “Go‘ro‘g‘li”, and make an attempt to explain how they are interpreted by the target nation.
ДИСТАНЦИОННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ ИНОСТРАННЫМ ЯЗЫКАМ В ВУЗЕ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Шерматов Иззат
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the existing problems of distance learning of foreign languages ​​at a university from two sides: from the student’s point of view and from the teacher’s point of view. The article also attempts to suggest ways to solve emerging problems based on personal experiences of teaching and learning.
BURHONIDDIN MARGʻINONIYNING “AT-TAJNIS VA-L-MAZIYD” ASARINING MANBAVIY ASOSLARI
Authors: Mardonov Xayrulla
Published: August 2024

Attention to the life and work of Burhoniddin Marginani has grown significantly in recent times. Because this scientist’s legacy is attracting the attention of researchers with its brilliance. It includes most of the Islamic sciences as well as a number of fiqh sciences. One such work of the scholar is “At-Tajnis wa-l-Maziyd” (Distinguishing and Increasing Knowledge), which contains an analysis of a number of important Islamic concepts. These analyzes, in turn, have gained a place in the science of jurisprudence.
PSIXOLOGIK XIZMATDA MASLAHAT O‘TKAZISH BOSQICHLARI VA TUZILISHI
Authors: Odamova O‘g‘iljon
Published: August 2024

This article systematically outlines the sequence of the main stages of psychological counseling, cites a description of the specifics and scientific theoretical aspects of solving a particular problem in counseling.
XUDOYBERDI TO‘XTABOYEVNING “JANNATI ODAMLAR” ROMANIDA ADIB BIOGRAFIYASI IFODASI
Authors: Sayfullayeva Dilnoza
Published: August 2024

This article reveals the expression of the writer’s biography in the autobiographical novel “Jannati odamlar” by the writer Khudoiberdi Tokhtaboev
ЎЗБЕК ТИЛИДА СЎЗ БИРИКМАЛАРИНИНГ ЎРГАНИЛИШИ ВА ТАРАҚҚИЁТ БОСҚИЧЛАРИ
Authors: Мадаминов Абдураҳмон
Published: August 2024

This article being considered the stages of development of Uzbek language collocations, jadids, shouras and the period of independence. It is also analyzed in formal-functional, system-structure and substantive directions.
O‘ZBEK TILIDA “HARAKAT TARZI” MA’NOSINI IFODALOVCHI LEKSEMALARNING MORFOLOGIK VA SINTAKTIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: Karimova Mahliyo
Published: August 2024

This article discusses theoretical viewpoints regarding the nature, origins, varieties, systematic use, and purposes of forms of movement in journalism.
IJTIMOIY ADAPTATSIYA PSIXOLOGIK MUAMMO SIFATIDA
Authors: Ibragimova Xurshida
Published: August 2024

Adaptation is a process of interaction betweyen a subject and an object, as a result of which changes occur in two interacting parts. Changes are associated with the appearance of new features, new combinations of features, selective loss or complete loss of a part of features. As a result, many authors describe adaptation through translation as adaptation of the organism to environmental conditions.
НАУЧНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ МЕТОДИКИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОЙ ГРАМОТЕ
Authors: Чубаева Фарангиз
Published: August 2024

Teaching literacy is the initial stage of the systematic study of the Russian language, which lays the foundations for the linguistic and mental development of students. In the process of learning to read and write, students not only master language (phonetic, grammatical, lexical) skills, but also master communication skills in communicating with each other and with adults.
Tersembunyi tapi Nyata
Authors: Nendissa Julio Eleazer , Manoppo Febri Kurnia , Mongkau Dedy Efendy
Published: August 2024

Abstract: The theological meaning in the book of Esther is very difficult for lay people to understand because the name and power of God are not visible, so this is the characteristic and character of the book of Esther. The controversy over the book of Esther is when it maintains its spiritual existence so that it is tested whether the book of Esther is a holy book or not with various considerations regarding the controversy over the word of God. The purpose of this article is to explain and analyze the meaning of God's help based on God's absence throughout the storyline in the book of Esther so that God's invisible existence can be interpreted theologically. This article uses qualitative research with a library study approach, namely books and journals as references for researching existing problems. This article offers new understanding through the findings obtained, namely the theology of the book of Esther as a depiction of a woman able to provide resistance and appear confident and responsible because she was chosen by the king. Another finding, although the book of Esther does not contain the word God, God's help is also not visible or hidden, it can be felt by the figure of Esther in a real way through the incident of Esther being chosen by the king as queen, God's help through Esther which turned the situation around for the Jews.
Abstrak: Makna teologis dalam kitab Ester sangat sulit dicerna sebagai kaum awam karena nama dan kuasa Allah tidak tampak secara jelas sehingga ini menjadi ciri serta karakter dari kitab Ester. Kontroversi kitab Ester ini ketika mempertahankan eksistensi kerohanian sehingga diuji kelayakan bahwa kitab Ester sejatinya kitab suci atau bukan dengan berbagai pertimbangan terhadap kontroversi kata Allah. Tujuan dari tulisan ini ialah menjelaskan dan menganalisis makna pertolongan Allah dengan berlandaskan pada ketidakhadiran Allah di kitab Ester yang secara sengaja tidak menceritakan sosok Allah dengan penuh kebaikan dan pertolongan untuk muncul dalam kitab tersebut sehingga keberadaan Allah yang tidak tampak itu bisa dimaknai secara teologis. Artikel ini memakai penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka yakni buku dan jurnal sebagai acuan untuk dipakai meneliti persoalan yang ada. Artikel ini menawarkan pemahaman baru lewat temuan yang didapatkan yaitu teologi kitab Ester sebagai gambaran sosok wanita mampu memberikan perlawanan dan tampil percaya diri serta bertanggungjawab karena dipilih oleh raja. Temuan lainnya, walaupun kitab Ester tidak mengandung kata Allah dan pertolongan Allah juga tidak tampak kasat mata atau tersembunyi itu bisa dirasakan oleh sosok Ester secara nyata melalui peristiwa Ester dipilih oleh raja sebagai ratu, pertolongan Allah melalui Ester yang membalikkan keadaan Yahudi.
Holistic Analysis of ‘Women Empowerment’ – A Vital Quintessence from Legal, Business and Economic Perspective
Authors: Bandopadhyay Samrat , Banerjee Reena
Published: August 2024

The varied dimensions of ‘Women Empowerment’ have to be analysed from economic, political, social, cultural, psychological, philosophical and technological perspective. The empowerment of women is a holistic concept. India has been testimony to the diverse and vast cultural heritage unique to itself from time immemorial. History is replete with examples of the contribution of India for gender neutrality, equality and upliftment perspective. A man and a woman are equal and strong pillars in the edifice and bulwark of cultural fabric for society’s growth. The historic contribution of Maitreyi and Gargi are monumental in not only from the perspective of cultural and social development but also from the view of women empowerment.  The jurisprudence on woman empowerment has to be seen in a holistic manner. There is a vital facet of legal dimension of the economic and social contribution of the woman in the ecosystem of growth and development of the nation. The international efforts in the sphere of women empowerment by Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) has been instrumental in addressing some of the pertinent issues in that domain. Tackling the issues of women empowerment via Statutory provisions and by strengthening the statutory provisions in the extant laws has to be seen synergistically with the concerted efforts at community, national and international level for empowering woman with education, health care, access to basic amenities among others. The role played by women has a cultural and social dimension also which requires an inclusive and synchronized efforts in tandem by all the stakeholders in the value chain of economy and in the societal ecosystem.
Women Prison Inmates &Their Children at Bachha Barrack During Pandemic Covid 19
Authors: Kusum Sonali
Published: August 2024

In view of the successive directions issued by the Supreme Court (SC) in the recent landmark case of “Re inhuman conditions in 1382 Prison” court has identified emerging trend of increasing number, vulnerable condition of women prison inmates and their children in prisons across India. “An estimated number of 1,320 children are living with the mother women prison inmates including under trials, convicts. “The number of women inmates in Indian prisons increased upto 11.3%, in a span of few years from 2011 to 2015, Roughly 1,817 children are found living in prisons with their mothers as on the year 2014 across different prison in the country”. The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Empowerment of Women (submitted its report on ‘Women in Detention and Access to Justice’ 2017 reiterated the issues concerning women inmates and their children. In keeping with these, certain landmark legal, regulatory, judicial directives exist to safeguard the interest of women inmates and their children. However in Pandemic Covid 19, the condition of bachha barrack remains extremely vulnerable children of women inmates. Due to overcrowding, the covid 19 pandemic makes it difficult for covid safety protocols to be followed. The existing condition of diet, medicines, education of children remains suspended during pandemic Covid 19.
Illegal Sand Mining: an Unsustainable Approach Encroaching Environment
Authors: Chauhan Vrinda
Published: August 2024

There are continuous efforts being made to outshine every other nation in the contexts of development. Efforts are channelled to prove that India is a YES country to every sort of development soon to be labelled as the developed country touching altitudes of development. Lesser do we find any budgetary allocation at the large scale being put up just to ensure that developmental activity does not coincide rather encroaches our environment affecting climate, biodiversity and living entities.  Juxtapose it is reported that budgets are being cut short which were allocated for it. As per the World Wildlife Fund, sand is the most extractive resource. To put it thus, sand mining is done to meet up the demands of ever rising construction industry which is currently taking leaps and bounds to catch up with the rising urbanisation. But this is done at the cost of rivers which thus change their course affecting marine lives further causing floods to the worse. The economic needs and the ever-rising competition have led to illegal sand mining. This has become a pan India problem, where restricting this illegal activity invites goons/mafia taking tolls on the lives and threatening the whistleblowers. This paper is an attempt to address this grave situation of illegal sand mining in India. Whether there is any framework to check such activities?  Where does India stand to rebuild the already lost habitat and encroached riverbeds? What is the sustainable solution of the problem of illegal sand mining? How to check the Sand mafia and goons? Finally, the road ahead how to replenish and make efforts to save this resource for future use.
Copyright Protection of literary and artistic works in India: An overview of legal framework and enforcement mechanisms
Authors: Marakkar Sheheen
Published: August 2024

The protection of literary and artistic works by copyright is a crucial component of India's legal framework for intellectual property rights. The Copyright Act of 1957, which establishes the exclusive right of the copyright holder to reproduce, distribute, and perform the work, governs the legal foundation for copyright protection. In India, copyright protection is immediately conferred as soon as a work is produced; registration is not necessary. However, it is advised to register your copyright because it can be used as legal proof in court if there is ever a dispute. Exhaustive lists of works covered by copyright are usually not to be found in legislation. Nonetheless, broadly speaking, works commonly protected by copyright throughout the world include literary works such as novels, poems, plays, reference works, newspaper articles; computer programs, databases; films, musical compositions, and choreography; artistic works such as paintings, drawings, photographs, and sculpture; architecture; and advertisements, maps, and technical drawings. It is significant to understand the whether the works in question comes within the purview of the subject matter in order to figure out whether there is copyright infringement. Therefore, this article would analyse literary and artistic works and the extent to which it applies to the works in question, in the light of landmark judgments.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis In Children With Type 1 Diabetes : A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Dewi Astridena Narulita
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a critical condition often encountered in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. Objective: This review aims to summarize current strategies and guidelines for managing pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), focusing on fluid resuscitation, insulin therapy, and long-term outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive review of recent literature from the past decade was conducted. Key studies were selected based on their relevance to pediatric DKA management, particularly regarding fluid resuscitation methods and insulin regimens. Results: The review highlights that effective management of pediatric DKA requires a balance of fluid resuscitation and insulin therapy. Recent studies emphasize the importance of using a structured clinical pathway to improve outcomes and reduce complications. Conclusion: Proper management of pediatric DKA involves timely recognition, appropriate fluid resuscitation, and insulin therapy, with a focus on monitoring for complications such as cerebral edema. The use of structured clinical pathways and liberal fluid administration in the absence of cerebral edema are supported by recent evidence to improve patient outcomes.
Avaliação ultrassonográfica do derrame pleural em adultos
Authors: Carvalho Silva Leite André Matheus , Marthone Glauberg Leandro de Freitas Rodrigues  , Kevin de Castro Reis  , Flávia Luiza Damo  , Vitória Pontes Páschoa  , Gabriella Gomes Silva  , Lucas Landgraf Torres  , Paula Sarmento Aquino  , Adriene Alves de Souza  , Mateus dos Santos Ribeiro  , Laís Corrêa Marques  , Lorranny Garcia de Paula  , Sarha Feldberg Ritter
Published: August 2024

Este estudo revisa a aplicação da ultrassonografia pulmonar na avaliação de derrames pleurais. Foi conduzida uma revisão integrativa com busca na base PubMed, filtrando artigos publicados entre 2021 e 2024, disponíveis em português e inglês. A ultrassonografia pulmonar demonstrou alta sensibilidade (78%-89%) e especificidade (88%-99%) na detecção de derrames, superando a radiografia de tórax, e possibilitou a diferenciação entre exsudatos e transudatos. Métodos quantitativos, como a densidade de pixels, correlacionam-se com as características químicas dos derrames, mas ainda precisam de validação em amostras maiores, especialmente em pacientes geriátricos. A ultrassonografia com contraste (CEUS) mostrou-se eficaz na orientação da drenagem pleural, reduzindo complicações e melhorando a precisão diagnóstica. Mais pesquisas multicêntricas são necessárias para confirmar a eficácia dessas tecnologias em populações geriátricas.
Uso de metformina para o tratamento da síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP)
Authors: Maganhin Luquetti Camilla , Fidelis da Silva Machado Mariana , Gomes Carreiro Neiva Ana Luísa , Cleber Durães Nascimento Filho Aldir , Daniel Zanoni Rodrigo , Real Fernandes Carlos Eduardo , Siqueira Passos Mariana , Silvério Balduino Fernanda , Dorivaldo Lopes Chilunga Josias , Gabriela Silveira Costa Marília , Castro Bianca Diogo Lessa , Victor Moura Passos Marcelo , Cristina Maganhin Carla
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A síndrome do ovário policístico (SOP) é a oligo/amenorréia e excesso de androgênios. Inclui irregularidade menstrual, hirsutismo, obesidade e distúrbios cardiometabólicos. Objetivo: discutir o uso terapêutico da metformina para síndrome dos ovários policísticos. Metodologia: Revisão de literatura a partir de bases de dados da Scielo, da PubMed e da BVS, de abril a junho de 2024, com descritores “polycystic ovary syndrome”, “metformin” e “women”. Incluíram-se artigos de 2019-2024 (total 80), com exclusão de outros critérios e escolha de 05 artigos na íntegra. Resultados e Discussão: Estudos indicam que metformina em mulheres com SOP demonstrou pequeno benefício para redução de peso, diminuição nos andrógenos séricos (sem melhora do hirsutismo) e restauração dos ciclos menstruais em 50% das mulheres com oligomenorreia (embora nem sempre ovulatória). Os primeiros dados também sugeriram que a metformina era eficaz para indução da ovulação em mulheres anovulatórias com SOP. Como resultado, foi usada "off-label" para algumas condições. Porém, não há indicação de primeira linha em mulheres com SOP, embora seja prescrita e, seu uso depende dos objetivos individuais do paciente. Para mulheres com oligomenorreia que precisam de proteção endometrial, sugere-se contraceptivos orais combinados em vez da metformina. Quando a metformina é usada, a terapia com progestina cíclica pode ser adicionada nos primeiros seis meses de tratamento até que os ciclos fiquem regulares. As opções primárias para indução da ovulação em mulheres anovulatórias com SOP incluem letrozol e clomifeno. Não se indica metformina para prevenir diabetes mellitus gestacional e aborto espontâneo. Conclusão: Não há indicação de terapia de primeira linha com metformina em mulheres com SOP, sem ser diabetes tipo 2. No entanto, tem sido usada "off-label" em problemas clínicos associados à SOP, incluindo oligomenorreia, hirsutismo, infertilidade anovulatória, prevenção de complicações na gravidez e obesidade.
Būdvardiškųjų žodžių derinimo sunkumai: eksperimentinis dvikalbių vaikų ir svetimkalbių suaugusiųjų kalbos tyrimas
Authors: Stepšys Jonas , Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė Laura
Published: August 2024

Straipsnio tikslas – aptarti būdvardiškųjų žodžių derinimo sunkumus, kylančius dvikalbiams vaikams ir svetimkalbiams suaugusiesiems, besimokantiems lietuvių kalbos. Tyrime taikomas eksperimento metodas: remiantis vaikų ir vaikams skirtos kalbos tekstynais sukurta eksperimentinė užduotis, kurią atliko tyrime dalyvaujantys asmenys – 35 dvikalbiai vaikai ir 25 suaugusieji, besimokantys lietuvių kalbos kaip svetimosios. Eksperimentinė užduotis sudaryta taip, kad atspindėtų būdvardiškųjų žodžių ir daiktavardžių paradigmų bei gramatinių kategorijų įvairovę. Taigi sudarant sakinius buvo parenkamos ne tik įvairios paradigmos, bet ir įtraukiamos skirtingos linksnių formos, vienaskaitos ir daugiskaitos formos, vyriškosios ir moteriškosios giminės formos. Šio tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad dvikalbiai vaikai daugiausia klysta būdvardiškuosius žodžius su daiktavardžiais derindami gimine, o svetimkalbiai suaugusieji dažniausiai painioja būdvardiškųjų žodžių paradigmas. Derinimo klaidų priežastys yra susijusios su neproduktyvių paradigmų galūnių keitimu į produktyvių paradigmų galūnes, daiktavardžių galūnių perkėlimu būdvardiškiesiems žodžiams, nežymėtųjų gramatinių kategorijų vartojimu vietoj žymėtųjų
Holokausto refleksija Icchoko Mero romane „Lygiosios trunka akimirką“: religinių siužetų ir šachmatų partijos scenarijų perkūrimas
Authors: Tutlytė Kristina
Published: August 2024

Straipsnyje, pasitelkus kognityvinės poetikos specialisto Peterio Stockwello teiginius (scenarijaus ir schemos konceptus), analizuojama Holokausto situacijos refleksija Icchoko Mero romane „Lygiosios trunka akimirką“. Struktūriniu šio romano modeliu pasirenkama šachmatų partija, į teksto audinį įliejami perkuriami bibliniai siužetai (tėvo, aukojančio vaikus, motyvas; pasaulio kūrimo mitas) ir kartu įmontuojama daug kitų smulkesnių scenarijų – tam tikrų tapatybių, elgesio modelių, kuriais vadovaujasi romano personažai. Apibūdinant šachmatų partijos eigą ir paraleliai vaizduojant romano personažų likimus, elgseną ir vertybinius pasirinkimus, simboliškai kuriama aliuzija, kad gete iš esmės kiekvienas personažas yra priverstas lošti simbolinę partiją su gyvenimu ir mirtimi ir kad kiekvienas sprendimas, poelgis, ėjimas daro įtaką kitiems. Tekstas įgauna alegorinį pobūdį, o Holokausto situacijos permąstymas, paremtas racionalia daugiasluoksne konstrukcija, tampa intriguojančiu intelektiniu ir emociniu iššūkiu.
Phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing Siccibacter colletis promotes wheat growth, yield, and nutrient uptake
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Kumar Sandeep , Jhilta Parkriti , Poria Vikram , Yadav Rajpaul , Singh Surender
Published: August 2024

Wheat is one of the staple crops cultivated worldwide and it requires the application of chemical fertilizers for better yield. However, excessive use of these fertilizers can pollute the environment. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Siccibacter colletis isolated from foothill fields of the Aravalli Hills with different fertilizer levels on wheat growth, yield, and nutrient content. The ability of the isolate to produce IAA, ammonia, ACC deaminase, and HCN and to solubilize potassium and phosphorous makes S. colletis a good candidate for its use as PGPR. S. colletis produced 577.52 ± 0.64 nmol/mg/h and 50.36 ± 3.23 μg/ mL ACC deaminase and IAA, respectively, besides solubilizing P (745.56 ± 39.07 mg/L) and K (14.6 ± 0.08 mg/L). The potential of the culture was assessed in vivo using pot and field experiments. Under both recommended and reduced doses of chemical fertilizers, application of S. colletis significantly improved plant biomass, biometric, and physiological parameters in both pot and field conditions. The findings revealed S. colletis as a suitable candidate for improving wheat yield with a reduced fertilizer dose, which can help to reduce cultivation cost and pollution.
Controllable multistability of fractional-order memristive Henon map and its application in video encryption
Authors: Zhang Hong-Wei , Fu Chang-Lei , Pan Zhi-Xiang , Ding Da-Wei , Wang Jin , Yang Zong-Li , Liu Tao ,   School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the use of discrete memristors to enhance chaotic maps has received increasing attention. The introduction of memristors increases the complexity of chaotic maps, making them suitable for engineering applications based on chaotic systems. In this work, a fractional-order discrete memristor exhibiting local activity and controllable asymptotic stability points is constructed by using multiband nonlinear functions. The locally active property of this memristor is demonstrated by using the power-off plot and DC v - i plot. It is then introduced into the Henon map to construct a fractional-order memristive Henon map that can generate any number of coexisting attractors. Simulation results show that the number of fixed points in the system is controlled by the memristor parameters and related to the number of coexisting attractors, thus achieving controllable homogeneous multistability. The complex dynamical behaviors of this map are analyzed by using phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams, maximum Lyapunov exponent (MLE), and attractor basins. Numerical simulations show that the fractional-order map can generate various periodic orbits, chaotic attractors, and period-doubling bifurcations. The system is then implemented on an ARM digital platform. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results, confirming the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and its physical feasibility. Finally, a parallel video encryption algorithm is designed by using the chaotic sequence iteratively generated by fraction-order memory Henon mapping, which mainly includes frame pixel scrambling and diffusion. Comprehensive security analyses are conducted, proving the robustness and reliability of the proposed encryption scheme. The results show that the encryption algorithm can effectively protect video information. In the future, we will explore other methods of constructing chaotic or hyperchaotic systems with controllable multistability and study their circuit implementation, synchronization control, and chaos-based engineering applications.
The cation channel mechanisms of subthreshold inward depolarizing currents in the VTA dopaminergic neurons and their roles in the chronic-stress-induced depression-like behavior
Authors: Wang Jing , Su Min , Zhang Dongmei , Zhang Ludi , Niu Chenxu , Li Chaoyi , You Shuangzhu , Sang Yuqi , Zhang Yongxue , Du Xiaona , Zhang Hailin
Published: August 2024

The slow-intrinsic-pacemaker dopaminergic (DA) neurons originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are implicated in various mood- and emotion-related disorders, such as anxiety, fear, stress and depression. Abnormal activity of projection-specific VTA DA neurons is the key factor in the development of these disorders. Here, we describe the crucial role for the NALCN and TRPC6, non-selective cation channels in mediating the subthreshold inward depolarizing current and driving the firing of action potentials of VTA DA neurons in physiological condition. Furthermore, we demonstrate that down-regulation of TRPC6 protein expression in the VTA DA neurons likely contributes to the reduced activity of projection-specific VTA DA neuron in chronic mild unpredictable stress (CMUS) depressive mice. In consistent with these, selective knockdown of TRPC6 channels in the VTA DA neurons conferred mice with depression-like behavior. This current study suggests down-regulation of TRPC6 expression/function is involved in reduced VTA DA neuron firing and chronic stress-induced depression-like behavior of mice.
Revealing a hidden conducting state by manipulating the intracellular domains in KV10.1 exposes the coupling between two gating mechanisms
Authors: Abdelaziz Reham , Tomczak Adam P , Neef Andreas , Pardo Luis A
Published: August 2024

The
KCNH
family of potassium channels serves relevant physiological functions in both excitable and non-excitable cells, reflected in the massive consequences of mutations or pharmacological manipulation of their function. This group of channels shares structural homology with other voltage-gated K
+
channels, but the mechanisms of gating in this family show significant differences with respect to the canonical electromechanical coupling in these molecules. In particular, the large intracellular domains of
KCNH
channels play a crucial role in gating that is still only partly understood. Using
KCNH1
(K
V
10.1) as a model, we have characterized the behavior of a series of modified channels that could not be explained by the current models. With electrophysiological and biochemical methods combined with mathematical modeling, we show that the uncovering of an open state can explain the behavior of the mutants. This open state, which is not detectable in wild-type channels, appears to lack the rapid flicker block of the conventional open state. Because it is accessed from deep closed states, it elucidates intermediate gating events well ahead of channel opening in the wild type. This allowed us to study gating steps prior to opening, which, for example, explain the mechanism of gating inhibition by Ca
2+
-Calmodulin and generate a model that describes the characteristic features of
KCNH
channels gating.
Language experience shapes predictive coding of rhythmic sound sequences
Authors: Morucci Piermatteo , Nara Sanjeev , Lizarazu Mikel , Martin Clara , Molinaro Nicola
Published: August 2024

Perceptual systems heavily rely on prior knowledge and predictions to make sense of the environment. Predictions can originate from multiple sources of information, including contextual short-term priors, based on isolated temporal situations, and context-independent long-term priors, arising from extended exposure to statistical regularities. While the effects of short-term predictions on auditory perception have been well-documented, how long-term predictions shape early auditory processing is poorly understood. To address this, we recorded magnetoencephalography data from native speakers of two languages with different word orders (Spanish: functor-initial versus Basque: functor-final) listening to simple sequences of binary sounds alternating in duration with occasional omissions. We hypothesized that, together with contextual transition probabilities, the auditory system uses the characteristic prosodic cues (duration) associated with the native language’s word order as an internal model to generate long-term predictions about incoming non-linguistic sounds. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that the amplitude of the mismatch negativity elicited by sound omissions varied orthogonally depending on the speaker’s linguistic background and was most pronounced in the left auditory cortex. Importantly, listening to binary sounds alternating in pitch instead of duration did not yield group differences, confirming that the above results were driven by the hypothesized long-term “duration” prior. These findings show that experience with a given language can shape a fundamental aspect of human perception – the neural processing of rhythmic sounds – and provides direct evidence for a long-term predictive coding system in the auditory cortex that uses auditory schemes learned over a lifetime to process incoming sound sequences.
Circulating platelets modulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation during remyelination
Authors: Philp Amber R , Reyes Carolina R , Mansilla Josselyne , Sharma Amar , Zhao Chao , Valenzuela-Krugmann Carlos , Rawji Khalil S , Gonzalez Martinez Ginez A , Dimas Penelope , Hinrichsen Bryan , Ulloa-Leal César , Waller Amie K , Bessa de Sousa Diana M , Castro Maite A , Aigner Ludwig , Ehrenfeld Pamela , Silva Maria Elena , Kazanis Ilias , Ghevaert Cedric , Franklin Robin JM , Rivera Francisco J
Published: August 2024

Revealing unknown cues that regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) function in remyelination is important to optimise the development of regenerative therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). Platelets are present in chronic non-remyelinated lesions of MS and an increase in circulating platelets has been described in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, an animal model for MS. However, the contribution of platelets to remyelination remains unexplored. Here we show platelet aggregation in proximity to OPCs in areas of experimental demyelination. Partial depletion of circulating platelets impaired OPC differentiation and remyelination, without altering blood-brain barrier stability and neuroinflammation. Transient exposure to platelets enhanced OPC differentiation in vitro, whereas sustained exposure suppressed this effect. In a mouse model of thrombocytosis (Calr+/-), there was a sustained increase in platelet aggregation together with a reduction of newly-generated oligodendrocytes following toxin-induced demyelination. These findings reveal a complex bimodal contribution of platelet to remyelination and provide insights into remyelination failure in MS.
Sex-dependent, lateralized engagement of anterior insular cortex inputs to the dorsolateral striatum in binge alcohol drinking
Authors: Haggerty David L , Atwood Brady K
Published: August 2024

How does alcohol consumption alter synaptic transmission across time, and do these alcohol-induced neuroadaptations occur similarly in both male and female mice? Previous work shows that anterior insular cortex (AIC) projections to the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) are uniquely sensitive to alcohol-induced neuroadaptations in male, but not female mice, and play a role in governing binge alcohol consumption in male mice. Here, by using high-resolution behavior data paired with
in-vivo
fiber photometry, we show how similar levels of alcohol intake are achieved via different behavioral strategies across sex, and how inter-drinking session thirst states predict future alcohol intakes in females, but not males. Further, we show how presynaptic calcium activity recorded from AIC synaptic inputs in the DLS across 3 weeks of water consumption followed by 3 weeks of binge alcohol consumption change across, fluid, time, sex, and brain circuit lateralization. By time-locking presynaptic calcium activity from AIC inputs to the DLS to peri-initiation of drinking events we also show that AIC inputs into the left DLS robustly encode binge alcohol intake behaviors relative to water consumption and AIC inputs into the right DLS in males, but not females. These findings suggest a fluid-, sex- and lateralization-dependent role for the engagement of AIC inputs into the DLS that encode binge alcohol consumption behaviors and further contextualize alcohol-induced neuroadaptations at AIC inputs to the DLS.
Los “diversos urbanos”: Un análisis de las transformaciones recientes en la jerarquía urbano-regional del Noreste brasileño
Authors: Porto Leonardo , Miranda-Nascimento Humberto
Published: August 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los cambios en la jerarquía de ciudades de la región Nordeste de Brasil, a partir de la década de 1990. Para ello, se consideran las configuraciones y tendencias de la red urbana del Nordeste, asociando una perspectiva diacrónica (dinámica) sobre el comportamiento de la red urbana con una perspectiva sincrónica, relativa a los aspectos formales y funcionales que califican la jerarquía entre las ciudades y la centralidad de la oferta de determinados servicios. Metodológicamente, se utilizan los indicadores relacionados con la evolución de la jerarquía urbana (niveles de centralidad) y el volumen de activos financieros para el conjunto de municipios que pertenecen a la red urbana regional. Se concluye que la (re)estructuración de la red urbana y las tendencias del desarrollo urbano-regional en el Nordeste post-1990 permiten captar diferentes dinámicas económico-espaciales, revelando “diversos Nordestes urbanos”.
Patrimonio y gentrificación. Una mirada etnográfica al centro histórico de la ciudad de Querétaro, México
Authors: Ayala-Galaz Mahalia , Vázquez-Estrada Alejandro
Published: August 2024

La tensión entre patrimonio y gentrificación es uno de los rasgos que presentan los centros históricos de las ciudades medias tocadas por el turismo globalizado. Abordar estos espacios patrimonializados por la UNESCO permite concebir las dinámicas profundas y procesuales construidas por sus residentes, quienes, mientras subsisten y sortean los laberintos de las políticas públicas y los efectos de la gentrificación, realizan acciones ligadas a su identidad y memoria logrando una resistencia frente a ella. A través de un enfoque crítico del caso de la calle 5 de Mayo del centro histórico de Santiago de Querétaro, pretendemos comprender las tensiones y conflictos que se generan entre la vida cotidiana de los residentes y el branding turístico. Mediante una metodología desarrollada en el marco de la etnografía, damos cuenta, a partir de testimonios y datos empíricos, de la diversidad de formas en las que se habita un centro histórico en una ciudad media mexicana.
Study of Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) Production System in the Urban Commune of Madarounfa, Niger
Authors: Ousseini Moussa Hassan , Nouri Brah , Mamane Yahaya Oumarou
Published: August 2024

The local guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) is native to Africa and belongs to the Gallinaceae family. A study was conducted among guinea fowl breeders in the urban commune of Madarounfa to determine the constraints of guinea fowl production in the area. Sixty (60) breeders were interviewed using a structured questionnaire in six (6) villages 15km apart to collect information on the conduct and practice of guinea fowl breeding. Results revealed that the guinea fowl breeders from this study are men. The production purpose of the guinea fowl in the urban commune of Madarounfa is for selling (53%), self-consumption (32%), and gift/donation (10%). Scavenging is the feeding system (100%) which is mostly used. Constraints related to guinea fowl production as identified by the study are mainly diseases (32%), lack of training (22%), lack of feed (17%), and lack of funding (17%). It is clear that the development of the sector necessarily involves strengthening the surveillance of avian diseases, coupled with veterinary monitoring and supervision of producers.
The Double Inversion Technique in the Some Blaise Abbo Method Applied to Schrodinger-Type Fractional-Order Evolution Equations
Authors: Himeda Abdarahman Abakar , Abbo Bakari , Kabore Germain
Published: August 2024

In this article we have used the new double inversion technique in the Some Blaise Abbo(SBA) method to solve some fractional order partial differential equations (edp) in the Caputo sense of the Schrodinger type by integrating all boundary conditions.
Microbial Quality of Home-made Street Vended Beverages in Reused Bottles Sold in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Mnguchivir Tersoo-Abiem, Evelyn , Ogabanya Orinya, Rosemary
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to assess the microbial quality of home-made street vended beverages sold in reused bottles in selected locations in Makurdi, Nigeria. Standard microbiological techniques were applied to enumerate and identify the predominant pathogens in the drinks collected from different sale points. The result of the analyses revealed high total viable counts ranging from 5.66- 7.85 log CFU/ml in Kunu, Zobo, and Soymilk sold in reused bottles from different sale points within three selected locations. In addition, variable counts of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Salmonella spp, and Shigella spp as the predominant bacteria were observed in Kunu, Zobo, and Soymilk samples from various locations. The pathogen counts ranged from 0.0-5.08 log CFU/ml for Staphylococcus spp, 4.14-5.15 log CFU/ml for E. coli, 0.0-5.30 log CFU/ml for Salmonella spp and 0.0-4.70 log CFU/ml, with E. coli having the highest frequency of occurrence. The pathogen counts were above the permissible levels stated by the Centre for Food Safety, therefore the use of reused plastic bottles for home-made beverages should be avoided or carried out with proper cleaning and sanitization to minimize contamination.
The Effect of the RMAT Designation on Biotechnology Stock Prices, Drug Development Timelines and Outcomes: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Williamson Joab , Spicer Alexander James , Colcomb Pierre-Albert
Published: August 2024

This research examines the impact of the U.S. FDA's Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy (RMAT) designation on biotechnology and small pharmaceutical companies, focusing on both stock price reactions and drug development timelines. The research employs an event-study methodology to analyze share price movements following RMAT announcements and evaluates the long-term product development outcomes for these companies. Findings reveal that while RMAT designation leads to an initial short-term stock price increase of approximately 8.11% within five days, this optimism diminishes over time, with long-term trends showing a decline in stock value. Furthermore, products under RMAT designation exhibited longer development timelines compared to non-RMAT therapies, raising questions about the designation's effectiveness in accelerating product availability. The study underscores the complex implications of RMAT for stakeholders, emphasizing the need for strategic planning and further regulatory refinement to better align short-term investor expectations with long-term product development realities.
Processes controlling the distributions of Cd and PO4 in the ocean
Authors: Quay Paul , Cullen Jay , Landing William , Morton Peter
Published: May 2015

Depth profiles of dissolved Cd and PO4 from a global data compilation were used to derive the Cd/P of particles exported from the surface layer, and the results indicate lowest values in the North Atlantic (0.17 ± 0.05), highest in the Southern (0.56 ± 0.24), and intermediate in the South Indian (0.31 ± 0.14) and North Pacific (0.36 ± 0.08) Ocean basins. The Cd/P of exported particles in high nutrient‐low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions is twice that for particles exported in non‐HNLC regions as is the fractionation effect during biological uptake of Cd and PO4, and these trends primarily determine the spatial trends of dissolved Cd/PO4 observed in the surface ocean. In deep waters the lowest dissolved Cd/PO4 of 0.23 ± 0.07 is found in the North Atlantic Ocean and the result primarily of low Cd/PO4 of North Atlantic Deep Water (0.23). In contrast, deep waters in the Southern Ocean have significantly higher dissolved Cd/PO4 (0.30 ± 0.06), which is a result of the Cd/PO4 of upwelled deep water from the South Pacific and South Indian (0.28) and the high Cd/P of degrading particles. A multibox model that accounts for the impacts of particle degradation and thermohaline circulation in the deep sea yields dissolved Cd and PO4 interbasin trends close to observations. Model experiments illustrate the dependence of the dissolved Cd/PO4 of the deep sea on the extent of HNLC conditions in the Southern Ocean and the impact on reconstructing paleo PO4 concentrations from a Cd proxy.