bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Emulsifiers Addition on the Retrogradation of Rice Gels during Low-Temperature Storage
Authors: Yang Zhe , Han Xue , Wu Huiying , Zhang Lijuan , Zhang Lanwei , Iqbal M. Javed
Published: November 2017

Rice and its products are widely consumed in Asian countries; however, starch retrogradation decreases the quality and shortens the shelf-life of rice foods particularly at low temperature. In this study sucrose ester (SE), glycerol monostearate (GMS), and sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL) were added to rice flour and corresponding rice gels. Then, gelatinization properties, retrogradation characteristics, texture, and water content of these rice gels were investigated at 4°C and −20°C storage, respectively. The results demonstrated that the rice gels with 0.2% GMS had the lowest retrogradation index (ΔHr/ΔHg) (11.84%) and hardness (1359 g) at 4°C for a 10 d period, which was significantly lower in comparison to control and the other two emulsifiers (P<0.05). Adhesiveness and water content were increased compared to the other samples. Furthermore, the retrogradation of rice gels stored at 4°C was comparatively rapid compared to gels stored at −20°C. Gel samples stored at −20°C were still acceptable for more than 15 days. Thus it was revealed that GMS has the potential to retard starch retrogradation and produce high-quality rice products in preservation.
Exponential Stability of Switched Positive Homogeneous Systems
Authors: Tian Dadong , Liu Shutang
Published: November 2017

This paper studies the exponential stability of switched positive nonlinear systems defined by cooperative and homogeneous vector fields. In order to capture the decay rate of such systems, we first consider the subsystems. A sufficient condition for exponential stability of subsystems with time-varying delays is derived. In particular, for the corresponding delay-free systems, we prove that this sufficient condition is also necessary. Then, we present a sufficient condition of exponential stability under minimum dwell time switching for the switched positive nonlinear systems. Some results in the previous literature are extended. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Delay‐Optimal Scheduling for Two‐Hop Relay Networks with Randomly Varying Connectivity: Join the Shortest Queue‐Longest Connected Queue Policy
Authors: Baek Seung Jun , Park Joon-Sang
Published: November 2017

We consider a scheduling problem for a two‐hop queueing network where the queues have randomly varying connectivity. Customers arrive at the source queue and are later routed to multiple relay queues. A relay queue can be served only if it is in connected state, and the state changes randomly over time. The source queue and relay queues are served in a time‐sharing manner; that is, only one customer can be served at any instant. We propose Join the Shortest Queue‐Longest Connected Queue (JSQ‐LCQ) policy as follows: (1) if there exist nonempty relay queues in connected state, serve the longest queue among them; (2) if there are no relay queues to serve, route a customer from the source queue to the shortest relay queue. For symmetric systems in which the connectivity has symmetric statistics across the relay queues, we show that JSQ‐LCQ is strongly optimal, that is, minimizes the delay in the stochastic ordering sense. We use stochastic coupling and show that the systems under coupling exist in two distinct phases, due to dynamic interactions among source and relay queues. By careful construction of coupling in both phases, we establish the stochastic dominance in delay between JSQ‐LCQ and any arbitrary policy.
Red Cell Distribution Width Is Associated with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Al-Kindi Sadeer G. , Refaat Marwan , Jayyousi Amin , Asaad Nidal , Al Suwaidi Jassim , Abi Khalil Charbel
Published: November 2017

Background and Methods. Red cell distribution width (RDW) has emerged as a prognostic marker in patients with cardiovascular diseases. We investigated mortality in patients with diabetes included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, in relation to baseline RDW. RDW was divided into 4 quartiles (Q1: ≤12.4%, Q2: 12.5%–12.9%, Q3: 13.0%–13.7%, and Q4: >13.7%). Results. A total of 3,061 patients were included: mean age 61±14 years, 50% male, 39% White. Mean RDW was 13.2%±1.4%. Compared with first quartile (Q1) of RDW, patients in Q4 were more likely to be older, female, and African-American, have had history of stroke, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, and have chronic kidney disease. After a median follow-up of 6 years, 628 patient died (29% of cardiovascular disease). Compared with Q1, patients in Q4 were at increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR 3.44 [2.74–4.32], P<.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 3.34 [2.16–5.17], P<.001). After adjusting for 17 covariates, RDW in Q4 remained significantly associated with all-cause mortality (HR 2.39 [1.30–4.38], P=0.005) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.99 [1.17–3.37], P=0.011). Conclusion. RDW is a powerful and an independent marker for prediction of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes.
Planetary Gearbox Fault Diagnosis via Torsional Vibration Signal Analysis in Resonance Region
Authors: Li Kangqiang , Feng Zhipeng , Liang Xihui
Published: November 2017

Planetary gearbox torsional vibration signals are free from the extra amplitude modulation effect due to time-varying transmission paths and have simpler frequency structure than translational ones. Gear faults result in modulation on the torsional resonance vibration and are manifested by the modulation feature. These merits are exploited for planetary gearbox fault diagnosis in this paper. Gear fault induced torsional vibrations in resonance region are modelled as amplitude modulation and frequency modulation (AM-FM) processes, the explicit equation of Fourier spectrum is derived, and the sideband characteristics are summarized. To avoid complex sideband analysis, amplitude and frequency demodulation analysis methods are exploited. The equations of amplitude and frequency demodulated spectra are derived in closed form, and their frequency structures are revealed. For fault diagnosis based on above theoretical derivations, a resonance frequency identification approach is proposed through time-frequency analysis of torsional vibrations during variable speed processes, according to the independence nature of resonance frequency on running conditions. The theoretical derivations and proposed approach are illustrated by numerical simulated signal analysis and are further validated through dynamics modelling and lab experimental tests. Localized faults on the sun, planet, and ring gears are successfully diagnosed.
Upregulation ofMitfby Phenolic Compounds-RichCymbopogon schoenanthusTreatment Promotes Melanogenesis in B16 Melanoma Cells and Human Epidermal Melanocytes
Authors: Villareal Myra O. , Kume Sayuri , Neffati Mohamed , Isoda Hiroko
Published: November 2017

Melanin provides inherent protection against skin cancer by absorbing broad-spectrum radiant energy of UV radiation. Cutaneous malignant melanoma incidence has recently been observed to increase and the frequency is closely associated with the skin color, highlighting the importance of skin pigmentation. Here, we showed how melanin biosynthesis is enhanced by treatment with phenolic compounds-richCymbopogon schoenanthus(CYM) in B16 murine melanoma cells and human epidermal melanocytes (HEM). CYM increased the melanin content of the cells by upregulating the expression of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) at the protein and mRNA levels, comparable to the effect ofα-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), in both B16 cells and HEM. Moreover, global gene expression analysis showed that at least 44 pigmentation-associated genes were modulated, including the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor(Mitf)and its transcriptional regulators (Sox10,Pax3, andLef1). Upregulation of copper transport-associated geneAtp7bindicates that CYM also promotes tyrosinase activity. CYM upregulatedMitfand possibly activates tyrosinase enzyme, providing evidence for its possible use to promote melanogenesis and as a therapeutic agent against hypopigmentation disorders.
Investigation of Multifrequency Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
Authors: Čeponis Andrius , Mažeika Dalius
Published: November 2017

This paper presents results of numerical and experimental investigations related to the piezoelectric energy harvester that operates at multifrequency mode. Employment of such operation principle provides an opportunity for obtaining frequency response characteristics of the harvester with several resonant frequencies and in this way increasing efficiency of the harvester at a wide spectrum of excitation frequencies. The proposed design of the energy harvester consists of five cantilevers which forms square type system. Cross sections of the cantilevers are modified by periodical cylindrical gaps in order to increase strain value and to obtain more uniform strain distribution along the cantilevers. Cantilevers are rigidly connected to each other and compose an indissoluble system. Square type harvester has seismic masses at every corner. These masses are placed under specific angle in order to reduce natural frequencies of the system and to create additional rotation moments in the body of harvester. Results of the numerical investigation revealed that harvester has five resonance frequencies in the range from 15 Hz to 300 Hz. Numerical analysis of the harvester revealed that the highest open circuit voltage density is 19.85 mV/mm3. Moreover, density of the total electrical energy reached 27.5 μJ/mm3. Experimental investigation confirmed that frequency response characteristics are obtained during numerical investigation and showed that energy density of the whole system reached 30.8 μJ/mm3.
Luteolin Treatment Protects against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Hong Xin , Zhao Xiaojing , Wang Gang , Zhang Zhengliang , Pei Honghong , Liu Zhong
Published: November 2017

Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common but severe scientific problem. Luteolin has great anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we studied the effect of luteolin on renal I/R injury in rats. Intragastric administration of luteolin or saline was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats before (40 mg/kg for three days) and after (one day) renal I/R modeling. Kidney and blood samples were harvested to detect the severity of renal injury 24 hours after operation. The results showed that luteolin-treated rats exhibited milder histomorphological changes with lower scores of renal histological lesions; lower blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels; lower renal malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels; and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the kidney. Luteolin attenuated the increased levels of serum and renal tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, renal high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and nuclear factor kappaβ(NF-κB) expression levels in I/R rats. Furthermore, luteolin treatment significantly reduced renal cell apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by renal I/R injury. In conclusion, luteolin improved renal function in I/R rats by reducing oxidative stress, neutrophil infiltration, inflammation, renal cell apoptosis, and expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB, and ER stress.
Research of Active Power Filter Modeling with Grid Impedance in Feedback Linearization and Quasi‐Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Shi Zeyu , Wang Yingpin , Xie Yunxiang , Li Lanfang , Xu Xiaogang
Published: November 2017

Active power filter (APF) is the most popular device in regulating power quality issues. Currently, most literatures ignored the impact of grid impedance and assumed the load voltage is ideal, which had not described the system accurately. In addition, the controllers applied PI control; thus it is hard to improve the compensation quality. This paper establishes a precise model which consists of APF, load, and grid impedance. The Bode diagram of traditional simplified model is obviously different with complete model, which means the descriptions of the system based on the traditional simplified model are inaccurate and incomplete. And then design exact feedback linearization and quasi‐sliding mode control (FBL‐QSMC) is based on precise model in inner current loop. The system performances in different parameters are analyzed and dynamic performance of proposed algorithm is compared with traditional PI control algorithm. At last, simulations are taken in three cases to verify the performance of proposed control algorithm. The results proved that the proposed feedback linearization and quasi‐sliding mode control algorithm has fast response and robustness; the compensation performance is superior to PI control obviously, which also means the complete modeling and proposed control algorithm are correct.
Comparative Oncology Evaluation of Intravenous Recombinant Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Therapy in Spontaneous Canine Cancer
Authors: Naik Shruthi , Galyon Gina D. , Jenks Nathan J. , Steele Michael B. , Miller Amber C. , Allstadt Sara D. , Suksanpaisan Lukkana , Peng Kah Whye , Federspiel Mark J. , Russell Stephen J. , LeBlanc Amy K.
Published: November 2017

Clinical translation of intravenous therapies to treat disseminated or metastatic cancer is imperative. Comparative oncology, the evaluation of novel cancer therapies in animals with spontaneous cancer, can be utilized to inform and accelerate clinical translation. Preclinical murine studies demonstrate that single-shot systemic therapy with a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-IFNβ-NIS, a novel recombinant oncolytic VSV, can induce curative remission in tumor-bearing mice. Clinical translation of VSV-IFNβ-NIS therapy is dependent on comprehensive assessment of clinical toxicities, virus shedding, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in clinically relevant models. Dogs spontaneously develop cancer with comparable etiology, clinical progression, and response to therapy as human malignancies. A comparative oncology study was carried out to investigate feasibility and tolerability of intravenous oncolytic VSV-IFNβ-NIS therapy in pet dogs with spontaneous cancer. Nine dogs with various malignancies were treated with a single intravenous dose of VSV-IFNβ-NIS. Two dogs with high-grade peripheral T-cell lymphoma had rapid but transient remission of disseminated disease and transient hepatotoxicity that resolved spontaneously. There was no shedding of infectious virus. Correlative pharmacokinetic studies revealed elevated levels of VSV RNA in blood in dogs with measurable disease remission. This is the first evaluation of intravenous oncolytic virus therapy for spontaneous canine cancer, demonstrating that VSV-IFNβ-NIS is well-tolerated and safe in dogs with advanced or metastatic disease. This approach has informed clinical translation, including dose and target indication selection, leading to a clinical investigation of intravenous VSV-IFNβ-NIS therapy, and provided preliminary evidence of clinical efficacy and potential biomarkers that correlate with therapeutic response. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(1); 316–26. ©2017 AACR.
Association between Extreme Values of Markers of Chronic Kidney Disease: Mineral and Bone Disorder and 5-Year Mortality among Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Zhu Jin-Gang , Chen Jin-Bor , Cheng Ben-Chung , Lee Chih-Hsiung , Long Gang , Chien Yu-Shu
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: We examined the association between markers of chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the association between markers of CKD-MBD and mortality in 1,126 HD patients from 2009 to 2013 with baseline (B), time-average (TA), and time-dependent (TD) Cox regression models. Results: Hypercalcemia (10.9-11.9 mg/dL) indicated an increased risk of all-cause mortality (TA: hazard ratio [HR] 3.49; p = 0.01). Hypophosphatemia (2.0-2.5 mg/dL) was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (TA: HR 5.18; p = 0.01). Hypophosphatemia (<2.0 mg/dL) was significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in all models. Intact parathyroid hormone levels <60 and >1,500 pg/mL indicated an increased risk of all-cause mortality (TA: HR 1.64; p = 0.02; TD: HR 2.26; p = 0.02). Conclusion: Extreme values of CKD-MBD markers are associated with mortality risk in HD patients. Video Journal Club ‘Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco' at http://www.karger.com/?doi=478972.
ICG Clearance Test and 99mTc-GSA SPECT/CT Fusion Images
Authors: Iimuro Yuji
Published: November 2017

Preoperative estimation of future remnant liver function is critical for major hepatic surgery to avoid postoperative morbidity and mortality. Among several liver function tests, the indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test is still the most popular dynamic method. The usefulness of ICG clearance test parameters, such as ICGR15, KICG, or PDRICG, has been reported by many investigators. The transcutaneous non-invasive pulse dye densitometry system has made the ICG clearance test more convenient and attractive, even in Western countries. The concept of future remnant KICG (rem KICG), which combines the functional aspect and the volumetric factor of the future remnant liver, seems ideal for determining the maximum extent of major hepatic resection that will not cause postoperative liver failure. For damaged livers with functional heterogeneity among the hepatic segments, fusion images combining technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin single photon emission computed tomography (99mTc-GSA SPECT) and X-ray CT are helpful to precisely estimate the functional reserve of the future remnant liver. Another technique for image-based liver function estimation, gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(Gd-EOB)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, may be an ideal candidate for the preoperative determination of future remnant liver function. Using these methods effectively, morbidity and mortality after major hepatic resection could be reduced.
Portal Vein Embolization: History and Current Indications
Authors: Shinkawa Hiroji , Takemura Shigekazu , Tanaka Shogo , Kubo Shoji
Published: November 2017

Portal vein embolization (PVE) was first adapted for patients undergoing major hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In these patients, PVE caused hypertrophy of the unaffected liver and increased the volumetric ratio of future liver remnant (FLR) to total liver volume. 99mTechnetium-galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) scintigraphy revealed that PVE also induced a shift in hepatic function from the embolized part to the nonembolized part of the liver. Various hepatobiliary malignancies can be treated using PVE, and PVE is increasingly being used to expand the indication for major hepatectomy in patients with initially insufficient FLR volume or function. The indication for PVE is determined by the underlying liver function and standardized FLR volume. In patients with chronic hepatitis, the histologic inflammatory activity was negatively correlated with the increase in FLR volume, and PVE is not suitable for patients with high serum 7s collagen concentrations (>8 ng/ml). This finding may predict the efficacy of PVE. PVE before major hepatectomy can act as a tolerance test to avoid postoperative hepatic failure. PVE also improved long-term survival after liver resection in patients with HCC. Presently, PVE is a safe and useful treatment for patients undergoing major hepatectomy.
Intergenotype Recombination among New Norovirus GII.4 Variants in the Complete Genome
Authors: Xu Jinfeng , Liu Tingjun , Wang Hua , Shen Hongxing
Published: November 2017

GII.4 noroviruses (NoVs) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans. A new variant of GII.4, the Sydney variant, has recently become more prevalent on a global scale. Intragenotype recombinations are widespread within the pandemic NoV GII.4 lineage, and are likely to be important forces driving the evolution and emergence of novel GII.4 viruses. In this study, we sought to examine the role that intergenotype recombination has played in the emergence of GII.4 Sydney 2012 variants. The results show that the GII.4 Sydney 2012 variants, Kawasaki194 and CA3477, were intergenotype recombination NoV strains with a GII.4 capsid and a GII.P16 polymerase gene. It has been reported for the first time that GII.4 new variant recombinants come from intergenotype recombination of GII.P16 and GII.4 strains in the complete genome.
Impact of Nocturnal Noninvasive Ventilation on Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with End-Stage Lung Disease Awaiting Lung Transplantation
Authors: Kneidinger Nikolaus , Gloeckl Rainer , Schönheit-Kenn Ursula , Milger Katrin , Hitzl Wolfgang , Behr Jürgen , Kenn Klaus
Published: November 2017

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in patients awaiting lung transplantation is crucial to ensure a transplant benefit. However, PR in patients with end-stage lung disease treated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) remains an area of uncertainty. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the potential benefit of PR in patients awaiting lung transplantation treated with NIV. Methods: Patients awaiting lung transplantation who underwent comprehensive inpatient PR from 1998 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Success of PR was assessed by comparing admission and discharge. Multivariate regression models were applied to assess the impact of long-term nocturnal NIV on PR success. Results: In total, 1,044 patients were included in the analysis. Thereof, 296 patients (28%) were treated with NIV. PR in patients treated with NIV resulted in a significant increase in 6-min walk distance (6MWD; from 250 ± 117 to 309 ± 116 m; p < 0.0001) and in various items of the Short Form Health Survey (SF)-36 questionnaire. The increase in 6MWD was higher in patients treated with NIV than in patients without NIV (59 ± 63 vs. 48 ± 55 m; p = 0.003). Furthermore, improvements of various lung function variables were higher in patients with NIV. Finally, multivariate generalized regression analysis revealed that NIV therapy was associated with improvement of 6MWD (p = 0.023) while controlling for various baseline characteristics. Conclusions: PR in patients with end-stage lung disease awaiting lung transplantation on nocturnal NIV is feasible and is associated with improvements of exercise capacity and quality of life. Furthermore, despite more advanced lung disease, patients treated with NIV have an increased benefit of PR compared to patients without NIV while awaiting lung transplantation.
Long-Term Renal and Cardiac Outcomes after Stenting in Patients with Resistant Hypertension and Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: Catena Cristiana , Colussi GianLuca , Brosolo Gabriele , Verheyen Nicolas , Novello Marileda , Bertin Nicole , Cavarape Alessandro , Sechi Leonardo A.
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is frequently detected in patients with resistant hypertension (RHTN), but the evidence supporting the utility of renal revascularization in these patients is limited. This prospective, observational study investigates the outcomes of renal stenting in patients with RHTN and hemodynamically significant ARAS. Methods: Fifty-four patients with RHTN were selected because of angiographic evidence of ARAS >70% and were followed for 4 years after renal stenting. Renal function and echocardiographic variables were assessed at baseline and during follow-up. Results: Blood pressure decreased rapidly after renal stenting and was normalized in 67% of patients at six months, with significant reduction in the number of antihypertensive drugs. Creatinine clearance increased in 39% of patients, decreased in 52%, and remained stable in the remaining 9%, with an average value that had a nonsignificant decrease during follow-up. Urinary albumin excretion did not change throughout the study. After 4 years, left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and concentric geometry decreased significantly and variables of LV diastolic function improved. Conclusion: In patients with RHTN, stenting of hemodynamically significant ARAS decreases blood pressure, preserves renal function in a substantial proportion of patients, and improves LV structure and function, suggesting the opportunity for timely identification of ARAS in these patients.
The Impact of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β Levels and Polymorphisms on Long-Term Stroke Outcomes
Authors: Kim Ju-Wan , Park Man-Seok , Kim Joon-Tae , Kang Hee-Ju , Bae Kyung-Yeol  , Kim Sung-Wan  , Shin Myung-Geun , Cho Ki-Hyun , Kim Jae-Min
Published: November 2017

Background: The accuracy of predictions regarding disability that sets in after stroke could be improved by using blood biomarker measurements. This study aimed to investigate the roles of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β concentrations and polymorphisms in stroke outcomes. Methods: In total, 286 patients were evaluated at the time of admission and at 2 weeks after stroke, and 222 of these patients (78%) were followed up for 1 year to evaluate the consequences of stroke during both the acute and chronic stages. Stroke outcomes were dichotomized into good and poor using the modified Rankin Scale. Results: The association of TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations and their corresponding genotypes with stroke outcomes was investigated using multivariate logistic regression. Higher TNF-α levels were associated with poor outcomes 1 year after stroke in the presence of the –850T and –308A alleles, and IL-1β levels were associated with poor 1-year stroke outcomes in the presence of the –511T and +3953T alleles. No such associations were found at 2 weeks after stroke. Conclusions: These data provide evidence that serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations are related to poor long-term outcomes after stroke in the presence of particular alleles.
A Rare Cause of Male Infertility: 45,X/46,XY Mosaicism
Authors: Akinsal Emre Can , Baydilli Numan , Bayramov Ruslan , Ekmekcioglu Oguz
Published: November 2017

Objective: To present the clinical, chromosomal, and endocrinological features of 8 infertile male cases with the 45,X/46,XY karyotype who were admitted to our infertility clinic. Materials and Methods: The records of cases who were admitted to our infertility clinic between 1999 and 2015 were investigated. Eight cases with 45,X/46,XY were detected. The clinical, endocrinological, and chromosomal assessments were analyzed. Each patient’s height, weight, body mass index, testicular volume, endocrine hormone levels, follow-up period semen analysis, testicular biopsy reports, and karyotype analysis were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Some cases had a short stature, but often their phenotypes were normal. Seven of the cases had normal testosterone levels and all cases, except one, had elevated gonadotropin levels. All cases were azoospermic and testicular biopsy showed Sertoli cell-only syndrome. Peripheral blood karyotype revealed 45,X/46,XY mosaicism in all cases. Metaphase counts and percentages were different. Conclusions: Individuals with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism that have a normal male phenotype form make up a rare subgroup of the 45,X/46,XY karyotype. These individuals usually present with infertility and were diagnosed based on the results of the karyotype analysis during azoo or severe oligospermia evaluation.
Yin Yang 1 Dynamically Regulates Antiviral Innate Immune Responses During Viral Infection
Authors: Zan Jie , Zhang Hao , Gu Ai-Ping , Zhong Kai-Lun , Lu Min-Yi , Bai Xiao-Xin , Zhang Jin-Yang , Cai Jun
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Type I interferon (IFN-1) production and IFN-1 signaling play critical roles in the host antiviral innate immune responses. Although transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) has been reported to have a dual activator/repressor role during the regulation of interferon beta (IFN-β) promoter activity, the roles of YY1 in the regulation of upstream signaling pathways leading to IFN-1 induction and IFN-1 signaling during viral infection remain to be elucidated. Methods: The roles of YY1 in IFN-1 production and IFN-1 signaling were investigated using immunoblotting, real-time PCR, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated YY1 knockdown, YY1 overexpression by transient transfection, and co-immunoprecipitation, using mouse cells. Results: YY1 was shown to interact with STAT1 in the absence of viral infection. Following viral infection, YY1 protein expression levels were decreased. YY1 knockdown led to a considerable downregulation of phosphorylated (p) TBK1 and pIRF3 expressions, while YY1 overexpression significantly upregulated pTBK1 and pIRF3 expression levels and promoted virus-induced IFN-β production. Additionally, YY1 knockdown led to a significant upregulation of pSTAT1, pSTAT2 and antiviral interferon-stimulated genes, and inhibited viral replication. Conclusion: We demonstrated here that YY1 interacts with STAT1 and dynamically regulates the induction of IFN-1 production and activation of IFN-1 signaling in different stages during viral infection.
A importância de um sistema integrado de ações na gestão de crises
Authors: Shinyashiki Roberto Tadeu , Fischer Rosa Maria , Shinyashiki Gilberto
Published: November 2017

Este artigo, por meio de uma revisão abrangente na literatura, pretende elaborar um quadro de referência teórico sobre crises e gestão de crises, procurando criar categorias e agrupar os conceitos utilizados na literatura e ressaltar a importância de um sistema integrado de ações na administração de crises e desdobramentos na aprendizagem organizacional.
The two faces of reputation risk: anticipating downside losses while exploiting upside gains
Authors: Fombrum Charles J. , Nielsen Kasper Ulf , Trad Nicolas G.
Published: November 2017

Este artigo examina a natureza ambígua do risco da reputação e discute como as empresas lidam com a dualidade da gestão da reputação. Ele também exibe ferramentas desenvolvidas pelo Reputation Institute que auxiliam na identificação e no gerenciamento de ameaças e oportunidades com as quais empresas se deparam na gestão de suas reputações, facilitando, assim, o processo de tomada de decisão.
Ética organizacional e Relações Públicas
Authors: Humberg Mario Ernesto
Published: November 2017

Analisa a evolução da ética empresarial e organizacional no mundo, seus problemas no Brasil, bem como os principais aspectos dos programas de ética em relação aos empregados no Brasil, os novos desafios para a implantação de programas e outros aspectos. Comenta quem atua no setor e suas características e os pontos de desencontro com a atividade de Relações Públicas.
Comunicação Organizacional na perspectiva da complexidade
Authors: Baldissera Rudimar
Published: November 2017

A Comunicação Organizacional é entendida, a partir do paradigma da complexidade, como processo de construção e disputa de sentidos no âmbito das relações organizacionais. Afirma-se que ela contempla três dimensões tensionadas e interdependentes: a organização comunicada (fala autorizada); a organização comunicante (fala autorizada e demais processos comunicacionais que se atualizam sempre que alguém estabelecer relação direta com a organização); e a organização “falada” (processos de comunicação que, não sendo a partir de relações diretas com a organização, referem-se a ela).
O lobbying europeu: cenário e bases para seu desenvolvimento
Authors: Xifra Jordi
Published: November 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma visão das principais instituições comunitárias e de seus processos de tomada de decisões, os quais explicam o complexo entramado que constitui os sistema da União Europeia, para em seguida analisar os motivos para praticar o lobbying nele. O principal é, além dos interesses em jogo, a complexidade do sistema decisório, mais fragmentado organizativamente, menos integrado hierarquicamente e mais competitivo que os sistemas brasileiros, que favorecem uma acessibilidade muito maior. A análise dessa acessibilidade fecha o artigo.
A influência do megaevento Copa do Mundo de 2012 na imagem do país-sede, com base na cobertura do jornal Zero Hora
Authors: Remus Renata Amaral , Pereira Ana Cristina Cypriano
Published: November 2017

Como um megaevento pode influenciar o país que o sedia, em diferentes aspectos, incluindo a sua imagem, é o foco central desta pesquisa. Para tanto,a África do Sul, onde se realizou o megaevento esportivo da Copa do Mundo de 2010, foi escolhida como objeto de estudo. A metodologia da pesquisa consistiu numa auditoria de imagem na mídia, em que foram selecionadas e analisadas em categorias as principais inserções sobre aquele país no “Jornal da Copa”, do jornal Zero Hora, de Porto Alegre (RS). Entende-se que as considerações e os resultados apresentados neste trabalho podem ser valiosos para a atividade dos profissionais de relações públicas, especialmente considerando a proximidade da realização da Copa do Mundo de 2014 no Brasil.
Comunicação da ciência: rumo a uma teoria da divulgação científica
Authors: Epstein Isaac
Published: November 2017

Propõe-se uma perspectiva e um quadro de referência para se examinar e compreender a pro- blemática da comunicação pública da ciência. São sugeridas algumas dimensões disciplinares para assinalar as diferenças entre o discurso interpares (comunicação primária) da ciência e o discurso da comunicação pública da ciência (comunicação secundária). A partir dessas dimensões formula-se uma matriz multidisciplinar que mostra como algumas questões e obstáculos à comunicação pública da ciência podem emergir e ser interpretados mais como divergências estruturais necessárias entre esses dois discursos, vistos agora como diferentes “estilos profissionais”, em vez de, apenas, “disfunções”, pressões conjunturais ou diferenças pontuais entre cientistas e divulgadores. Essa interpretação certamente melhorará a compreensão mútua entre cientistas e jornalistas.
Transplantes em notícia: um jornalismo delineado em factos declinados por fontes oficiais
Authors: Lopes Felisbela , Ruão Teresa , Marinho Sandra , Fernandes Luciana , Gomes Sofia
Published: November 2017

Em 2011, o problema dos transplantes foi um tópico que suscitou bastante atenção mediática, constituindo-se como um assunto algo recorrente, comparado com anos anteriores. Aqui, queremos perceber que tipo de tematização foi seguido em 59 artigos selecionados em 2011 e que fontes de informação foram interpeladas para a construção de uma noticiabilidade que colocou esse tópico no debate público. Este trabalho insere-se numa investigação mais ampla que começou em 2008 e que, até finais de 2011, reuniu uma amostra de 6.305 artigos noticiosos sobre saúde publicados na imprensa generalista portuguesa.
Comunicação pública como prática de responsabilidade social das organizações públicas
Authors: Rosso Gisele , Silvestrin Celsi Brönstrup
Published: November 2017

O artigo propõe o uso da comunicação pública na gestão pública como forma de exercer a responsabilidade social. Analisa brevemente a correlação existente entre ambas, fundamentando aspectos teóricos relevantes sobre o conceito da comunicação pública. Demonstra operacionalmente essa prática, trazendo resultados da pesquisa realizada no Ministério Público do Trabalho no Paraná, ao evidenciar que a opção pela comunicação pública, de fato, promove a responsabilidade social ao favorecer a participação e os interesses da sociedade, na exigência da accountabillity e no alastramento da esfera pública.
A interculturalidade no ensino-aprendizagem em Relações Públicas: contribuições a partir de uma parceria internacional
Authors: Santos Célia Maria Retz Godoy dos , Porém Maria Eugênia , Cabral Raquel , Guaraldo Tamara De Souza Brandão , Andrelo Roseane , Ruiz Angélica Aparecida Parreira Lemos
Published: November 2017

Este trabalho apresenta aspectos de uma experiência intercultural referente à parceria internacional de ensino-aprendizagem em Relações Públicas entre a Unesp (Brasil) e a Universidade de Sevilha (Espanha). O objetivo é refletir sobre a noção de interculturalidade e sua importância na formação em Relações Públicas, apresentando resultados desta intervenção acadêmica. Para tanto, buscamos descrever a parceria, discutir as influências desse processo de ensino-aprendizagem e sua vivência intercultural.
Symptom Diary Use and Improved Survival for Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Park Linda G. , Dracup Kathleen , Whooley Mary A. , McCulloch Charles , Jin Chengshi , Moser Debra K. , Clark Robyn A. , Pelter Michele M. , Biddle Martha , Howie Esquivel Jill
Published: November 2017

Background:

Attention to symptoms of weight gain and dyspnea are central tenets of patient education in heart failure (HF). However, it is not known whether diary use improves patient outcomes. The aims of this study were to compare mortality among rural patients with HF who completed versus did not complete a daily diary of weight and symptom self-assessment and to identify predictors of diary use.

Methods and Results:

This is a secondary analysis of a 3-arm randomized controlled trial on HF education of self-care with 2 intervention groups versus control who were given diaries for 24 months to track daily weight, HF symptoms, and response to symptom changes. Mean age was 66±13, 58% were men, and 67% completed diaries (n=393). We formed 5 groups (no use, low, medium, high, and very high) based on the first 3 months of diary use and then analyzed time to event (cardiac mortality, all-cause mortality, and HF-related readmission) starting at 3 months. Compared with patients with no diary use, high and very high diary users were less likely to experience all-cause mortality (
P
=0.02 and
P
=0.01, respectively). Self-reported sedentary lifestyle was associated with less diary use in an adjusted model (odds ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.46–0.95;
P
=0.03). Depression and sex were not significant predictors of diary use in the adjusted model.

Conclusions:

In this study of 393 rural patients with HF, we found that greater diary use was associated with longer survival. These findings suggest that greater engagement in self-care behaviors is associated with better HF outcomes.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique Identifier: NCT00415545.
Pathogenic Role of the Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns S100A8 and S100A9 in Coxsackievirus B3–Induced Myocarditis
Authors: Müller Irene , Vogl Thomas , Pappritz Kathleen , Miteva Kapka , Savvatis Konstantinos , Rohde David , Most Patrick , Lassner Dirk , Pieske Burkert , Kühl Uwe , Van Linthout Sophie , Tschöpe Carsten
Published: November 2017

Background:

The alarmins S100A8 and S100A9 are damage-associated molecular patterns, which play a pivotal role in cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and viral infections. We aimed to investigate their role in Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)–induced myocarditis.

Methods and Results:

S100A8 and S100A9 mRNA expression was 13.0-fold (
P
=0.012) and 5.1-fold (
P
=0.038) higher in endomyocardial biopsies from patients with CVB3-positive myocarditis compared with controls, respectively. Elimination of CVB3 led to a downregulation of these alarmins. CVB3-infected mice developed an impaired left ventricular function and displayed an increased left ventricular S100A8 and S100A9 protein expression versus controls. In contrast, CVB3-infected S100A9 knockout mice, which are also a complete knockout for S100A8 on protein level, showed an improved left ventricular function, which was associated with a reduced cardiac inflammatory and oxidative response, and lower CVB3 copy number compared with wild-type CVB3 mice. Exogenous application of S100A8 to S100A9 knockout CVB3 mice induced a severe myocarditis similar to wild-type CVB3 mice. In CVB3-infected HL-1 cells, S100A8 and S100A9 enhanced oxidative stress and CVB3 copy number compared with unstimulated infected cells. In CVB3-infected RAW macrophages, both alarmins increased MIP-2 (macrophage inflammatory protein-2) chemokine expression, which was reduced in CVB3 S100A8 knockdown versus scrambled siRNA CVB3 cells.

Conclusions:

S100A8 and S100A9 aggravate CVB3-induced myocarditis and might serve as therapeutic targets in inflammatory cardiomyopathies.
Transoceanic Management and Treatment of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Mejdoubi Mehdi , Schertz Mathieu , Zanolla Sylvia , Mehdaoui Hossein , Piotin Michel
Published: November 2017

Background and Purpose—

Because of the small number of yearly cases of ruptured cerebral aneurysms, endovascular treatment is not performed in Martinique. Therefore, patients from Martinique are sent 7000 km to Paris on commercial flights as soon as possible, where treatment is performed. Nontransportable patients are treated locally with either surgery or symptomatic care. The objective of our study was to assess patient outcomes and safety of this treatment strategy.

Methods—

We retrospectively examined all cases of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Martinique diagnosed during 2004 to 2013. Medical case records were searched for the type and location of treatment, clinical status, and transfer duration.

Results—

A total of 119 patients had an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage during the 10-year period. Of these, 91 were transferred to Paris, 12 were surgically treated locally, and 16 received symptomatic treatment. None of the transferred patients experienced any hemorrhagic recurrence, and none suffered a significant complication related to the air transportation. The median time between aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage diagnosis and arrival at the referral center was 32 hours. The 30-day case fatality rate for treated cases was 14.6% (8.8% for those treated in Paris and 58.3% for those treated locally).

Conclusions—

Our treatment strategy for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage resulted in a 30-day case fatality rate similar to those observed elsewhere, despite an 8-hour flight and a median treatment delay of 32 hours. This strategy therefore seems to be safe and reliable for isolated regions with small populations.
First records of three homolid crabs, Homolomannia sibogae Ihle, 1912, Latreillopsis bispinosa Henderson, 1888 and Moloha majora (Kubo, 1936) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Homolidae), from Korean waters
Authors: Kim Jung Nyun , Kim Mi Hyang , Choi Jung Hwa
Published: November 2017

Three homolid crabs,Homolomannia sibogaeIhle, 1912,Latreillopsis bispinosaHenderson, 1888, andMoloha majora(Kubo, 1936) from around the Jeju Islands, southern Korean waters, are briefly described here. Although these species occur widely in the West Pacific or Indo-West Pacific, they all represent the first record of their species and genus in Korean waters. The family Homolidae currently comprises four species in Korea. Brief descriptions and illustrations of selected parts are provided in this article.
«Квapтиpный вoпpoc» в Зaпaднoй Бeлopуccии и eвpeйcкoe нaceлeниe, 1939–1940 гг.
Authors: Karpenkina Yanina
Published: November 2017

This article examines Soviet housing policy in the annexed former Polish territories of Western Belorussia and Western Ukraine, which the ussr absorbed in September 1939. The author focuses on Western Belorussia and in particular on Bialystok, which was the largest and most economically developed city in the region. Bialystok and the Bialystok region contained the largest number of refugees, soviet soldiers, party clerks and technical specialists from the Soviet Union. This article looks at the area’s acute housing problem, which resulted in the theft of property and illegal eviction of apartment owners. The Jewish population of Western Belorussia found itself in the epicenter of events, since it was well represented among the refugees, particularly among the illegally evicted housing owners. The author analyzes the housing policy in Western Belorussia prior to the start of the German-Soviet War in 1941, the position of the Jewish population during this period, and the impact of the acute “housing problem” on the Sovietization of the local population.
Morphological characters and molecular data reveal a new species of Rhodonia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from China
Authors: YUAN YUAN , SHEN LU-LU
Published: November 2017

A new polypore, Rhodonia tianshanensis, collected from West Tianshan Nature Reserve in Xinjiang Autonomous Region (northwest China), is described and illustrated based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. It is characterized by having resupinate basidiomata with an oblique tube layer, fusoid cystidioles in the hymenium, and cylindrical basidiospores. Based on multiple loci DNA sequences including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large subunit (nLSU), and the second subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) regions, our phylogeny strongly supported R. tianshanensis as a new species belonging to the genus Rhodonia.
Flash Droughts: A Review and Assessment of the Challenges Imposed by Rapid-Onset Droughts in the United States
Authors: Otkin Jason A. , Svoboda Mark , Hunt Eric D. , Ford Trent W. , Anderson Martha C. , Hain Christopher , Basara Jeffrey B.
Published: November 2017

Given the increasing use of the term “flash drought” by the media and scientific community, it is prudent to develop a consistent definition that can be used to identify these events and to understand their salient characteristics. It is generally accepted that flash droughts occur more often during the summer owing to increased evaporative demand; however, two distinct approaches have been used to identify them. The first approach focuses on their rate of intensification, whereas the second approach implicitly focuses on their duration. These conflicting notions for what constitutes a flash drought (i.e., unusually fast intensification vs short duration) introduce ambiguity that affects our ability to detect their onset, monitor their development, and understand the mechanisms that control their evolution. Here, we propose that the definition for “flash drought” should explicitly focus on its rate of intensification rather than its duration, with droughts that develop much more rapidly than normal identified as flash droughts. There are two primary reasons for favoring the intensification approach over the duration approach. First, longevity and impact are fundamental characteristics of drought. Thus, short-term events lasting only a few days and having minimal impacts are inconsistent with the general understanding of drought and therefore should not be considered flash droughts. Second, by focusing on their rapid rate of intensification, the proposed “flash drought” definition highlights the unique challenges faced by vulnerable stakeholders who have less time to prepare for its adverse effects.
Aboveground Thermodynamic Observations in Convective Storms from Balloonborne Probes Acting as Pseudo-Lagrangian Drifters
Authors: Markowski Paul M. , Richardson Yvette P. , Richardson Scott J. , Petersson Anders
Published: November 2017

The severe storms research community lacks reliable, aboveground, thermodynamic observations (e.g., temperature, humidity, and pressure) in convective storms. These missing observations are crucial to understanding the behavior of both supercell storms (e.g., the generation, reorientation, and amplification of vorticity necessary for tornado formation) and larger-scale (mesoscale) convective systems (e.g., storm maintenance and the generation of damaging straight-line winds). This paper describes a novel way to use balloonborne probes to obtain aboveground thermodynamic observations. Each probe is carried by a pair of balloons until one of the balloons is jettisoned; the remaining balloon and probe act as a pseudo-Lagrangian drifter that is drawn through the storm. Preliminary data are presented from a pair of deployments in supercell storms in Oklahoma and Kansas during May 2017. The versatility of the observing system extends beyond severe storms applications into any area of mesoscale meteorology in which a large array of aboveground, in situ thermodynamic observations are needed.