bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conclusions Mapping a Research Agenda
Authors: Botterill David , Jones Trevor
Published: December 2019

We began this book with a review of the development of two hitherto relatively separate domains of study that we feel have much to learn from each other. To date, scholarly work on the social phenomena of crime and tourism have largely eschewed cross-disciplinary engagement. The chapters that followed have attempted to bring together the scant research literature that does exist on the subjects of crime and tourism, whilst examining different forms of victimisation against tourists, various types of offending or deviant behaviour by tourists, and responses to crimes by/against tourists by the authorities. Given the paucity of available literature, it is inevitable that these chapters have relied primarily on writing from the distinct perspectives of criminology or tourism studies respectively, depending on the subject expertise of the author. However, many contributing authors have bravely accepted our challenge to attempt to step into each others’ world and open up the crime and tourism nexus. To all our contributors we owe a considerable debt of gratitude for beginning what we hope will be an ongoing and productive dialogue between these subject domains. It is our intention in this final chapter to outline briefly the markers of a research agenda for new scholarship in the two subjects and for potential areas of research collaboration.
Vulnerable Victims
Authors: Brunt Paul
Published: December 2019

Being safe on holiday is an expected requirement. Places that develop an unsafe reputation can be substituted by alternative destinations that are perceived as safer for tourists. Beyond the obviously unsafe places in the world, where governments advise against travel, individuals must make up their own minds about where to go on holiday. One of the distinctive features of the tourism industry is that we cannot ‘test-drive’ a holiday beforehand. Judgements about where to travel are often made on the basis of imperfect knowledge and generalisation, and tourists learn about destinations from brochures, adverts and the media (Smith, 1989; Brunt, 1997). We typically think about what the destination has to offer in terms of accommodation, its environment and things to do (Crompton, 1979; Krippendorf, 1987) and many of us do not consider the issue of crime when we are planning the next holiday (Brunt et al., 2000). Are we more at risk of crime as tourists than in our everyday lives? Most of us would probably prefer not to think about this, and certainly the tourism industry does not want us to think such things in case we decide to stay at home. Whilst it is true that only a minority of tourists suffer criminal victimisation while on holiday, it is important to explore variations in the crime experiences of different tourist types. Crime patterns vary according to factors such as the nature of tourism, its scale, the type of development, the season, as well as variations relating to the tourists themselves and issues associated with their behaviour. This latter issue is the focus of this chapter – what categories of tourist are particularly vulnerable to criminal victimisation?
INTERCULTURAL FRIENDSHIP AS STRATEGY TO REDUCE ANXIETY AND UNCERTAINTY OF ZIMBABWE STUDENTS IN MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Khatimah Khusnul , Kusuma Rina Sari
Published: December 2019

Friendship is a relationship between voluntarily wounded individuals. Friendships have a responsibility to be emotionally supportive, actively provide assistance, maintain confidence, and support each other. Benefit in friendship usually  include skills in activity, emotional support and help. Intercultural friendship is a more specific and more complex phenomenon that has its own characteristics in terms of relationships. The meeting between two different cultures in building a relationship of intercultural friendship. Establish intercultural friendship relationships with local people by immigrants as a form of adaptation to the new environment.  Immigrants are individuals who move from one region to another in a country influenced by push factors and pull factors such as economic, environmental, and educational factors. Immigrants can experience several conditions when they are in a new environment such as feelings of anxiety and uncertainty to interact with the surrounding environment. This study aims to find out how the relationship of intercultural friendship can reduce the level of anxiety and uncertainty of  Zimbabwean students at the Muhammadiyah Surakarta University. The research method used qualitative method by using population from foreign students at Muhammadiyah Surakarta University and purposive sampling technique that is sampling based on student's country of origin Zimbabwe. Data collection by interview and documentation,  for analysis using qualitative content analysis. Credibility and validity use inter-code reliability and triangulation of data sources and theories.Keywords : Adaptation, Migration , Anxiety, Uncertainty, Intercultural, Friendship.
Mitä ikääntyneiden kulttuuripalveluilla tarkoitetaan
Authors: Aholainen Mari Paula Susanna
Published: December 2019

Ikääntyneiden kulttuuripalvelut ymmärretään usein konkreettisten toimintojen ja niitä perustelevien hyvinvointivaikutusten näkökulmasta. Ikääntyneiden kulttuuripalveluiden merkitykset muodostuvat kuitenkin laajemmista yhteiskunnallisista rakenteista ja tekijöistä. Tämä tutkimus yhdistää kulttuuripolitiikan kulttuurigerontologiaan. Hyvinvointiperusteinen kulttuuripolitiikka sekä ikääntyneiden yksilöllisiä kulttuurisia valintoja esiin tuova kulttuurigerontologia tuottavat merkityksiä ikääntyneiden kulttuuripalveluille, (uuden) markkinoita huomiovan julkisjohtamisen kontekstissa. Tässä artikkelissa tutkitaan Opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriön sekä Sosiaali- ja terveysministeriön kahdeksastatoista asiakirjasta vuosilta 2010-2017, kuinka ikääntyneiden kulttuuripalveluita kuvaava käsitteistö jäsentyy niitä kuvaaviksi merkityksiksi. Merkityksiä luokitellaan ominaispiirteiden ja käyttöalueiden avulla.  Analyysin tuloksena ikääntyneiden kulttuuripalvelut muodostavat neljä käyttöaluetta: rakenteellisuuteen ja suunnitelmallisuuteen pyrkivä käyttöalue, ihmis- ja asiakaskeskeinen käyttöalue, asiantuntijuuden käyttöalue sekä yhteiskunnallinen käyttöalue. Tulokset esittävät tutkimuskohteen moniulotteisuuden: ikääntyneiden kulttuuripalveluiden muotoutumisen taustalla vaikuttavat arvopohja, terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin edistäminen, taiteilijoiden työllisyystilanne ja käsitykset ammattilaisuudesta sekä pyrkimys pysyvyyteen ja yhteistyörakenteisiin. Yhteistyörakenteet muuntavat taiteen asemaa ja kieltä hoidon kontekstissa, joka aiheuttaa osaltaan kriittistä keskustelua taiteen ja hyvinvoinnin yhteyksistä.
Analisis Permintaan Pendidikan Tinggi Pada Anak di Kecamatan Kamang Baru Kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Rahim Febria
Published: December 2019

This research aims to analyze (1) Effect of Education Costs on Higher Education Demand for Children in Kamang Baru Sub-district, (2) Effect of Parental Education Level on Higher Education Demand for Children in Sub-Districts Kamang Baru, (3) The influence of the desire to work in the modern sector of the demand for higher education in children in the Kamang Baru sub-district, (4) the influence of the desire to obtain high income towards the demand for higher education in children in the Kamang Baru sub-district, (5) the influence of the social status of the community on demand for higher education in children in the district of Kamang Baru. The study population of this research is families with children who had graduated from high school in Kamang Baru sub-district. The sampling technique is multistage random sampling  with a total sample of 92. Data analysis techniques using multiple regression analysis with the significance test of the t test and F. The results showed that (1) Education costs had a significant negative effect on the demand for higher education in children. (2) The level of parental education has a significant effect on the demand for higher education in children ( 3) The desire to work in the modren sector significantly influences the demand for higher education in children, (4) The desire to obtain high income has a significant effect on the demand for higher education in children (5) Public social status significantly influence the p Higher education demand for children.
Implementasi Sistem Penyusutan Arsip di Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Armiati Armiati , Holizah Novia
Published: December 2019

This study aims to find out how the activities of the assessment and depreciation of archives, constraints faced, and efforts made in overcoming the obstacles to the assessment and depreciation of records in the Education Office of West Sumatra Province. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative, with data sources of several key informants through interviews and direct observation to the object of research. Secondary data obtained from documents available at the location of the object of research. To test the validity of the data used Triangulation Technique. Based on the information from the informants, the archive assessment activities at the Office of Education in West Sumatra Province have not run optimally. It can be seen from the presence of archives that are piled up and not placed in the archive storage area. In addition, the depreciation activities in the West Sumatra Provincial Education Office were carried out in two ways, namely the transfer of archives and destruction of archives while the activities for submitting static archives to archival or ANRI institutions had not been implemented. Depreciation activities at the West Sumatra Provincial Education Office are not supplemented by documentary documents on the transfer and destruction of archives, lists of transferred files and other documents.
Peningkatan Motivasi dan hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Two Stay Two Stray
Authors: Sukri Sukri
Published: December 2019

Research is motivated by the lack of motivation and learning outcomes in the learning process. The use of appropriate learning models can increase motivation and student learning outcomes in XI-IPS High School Superior State Dharmasraya. Based on these problems the researchers applied the Two Stay Two Stray cooperative learning model with the aim of increasing student motivation and learning outcomes in economic subjects. This research method is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles and each cycle there are three meetings. Conducting research with the Two Stay Two Stray cooperative learning model on economic subjects includes (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The results of this study indicate that the application of the Two Stay Two Stray cooperative learning model can increase motivation and learning outcomes of students of class XI IPS SMAN Unggul Dharmasraya. This is seen from the aspect of student motivation in cycle I and cycle II which increased by 17.6% and in the cognitive spec or learning outcomes in cycle I and cycle II also increased by 12%, although the increase was not too sharp but recruiting researchers this shows that the application of the Two Stay Two Stray cooperative learning model can be used to increase student motivation and learning outcomes in economic subjects.
THE MEANING OF TANDUAK DANCE AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE CHARACTER OF THE NAGARI LUBUK TAROK COMMUNITY
Authors: Novitasari Ana , Sumaryadi Sumaryadi
Published: December 2019

This study aims to find and explain the meaning of Tanduak dance movements in Nagari Lubuk Tarok as well as their relevance to the value of character education. This study used a qualitative research in analyzing and finding a narrative from a Tanduak dance. Data sources in this study were obtained from key informants, interviews, and documents. Data collection techniques were carried out through participant observation, documentation and other findings. Data analysis techniques used consist of data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of this study indicated that the Tanduak dance consists of three types of movements; ampek, salo and sambah. These three movements show a meaning relevant to the value of character education. Ampek means openness and respect for the audience, in line with friendly/communicative values. Salo means swift but sure, this movement is in harmony with the value of hard work and responsibility. Sambah means respect and hospitality, in line with the values of peace.Keywords: tanduak, dance, character educationMAKNA TARI TANDUAK DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP KARAKTER MASYARAKAT NAGARI LUBUK TAROKAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untukmenjelaskan makna gerak tari Tanduak di Nagari Lubuk Tarok dan relevansinya terhadap nilai pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang digunakan dalam menganalisis dan menemukan suatu naratif dari sebuah fenomena tari Tanduak.Sumber data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari informan utama, wawancara, dan dokumen-dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipan, dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan terdiri dari reduksi data, display data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tari Tanduak terdiri dari tiga ragam gerak yaitu gerak langkah ampek, gerak langkah salo dan gerak sambah/penutup. Ketiga gerak ini menunjukkan makna yang relevan dengan karakter masyarakatnya. Gerak langkah ampek bermakna keterbukaan dan penghormatan terhadap khalayak, selaras dengan nilai kebersamaan/komunikatif. Gerak langkah salo bermakna sigap namun pasti, gerak ini selaras dengan nilai kerja keras dan tanggung jawab. Gerak sambah/ penutup bermakna penghormatan dan ramah tamah, selaras dengan nilai cinta damai.Kata kunci: tari tanduak, makna, karakter
SUGGESTION ACTS PERFORMED BY ENGLISH INSTRUCTORS OF CONVERSATION CLASS IN LANGUAGE CENTRE OF ANDALAS UNIVERSITY
Authors: Maldin Siska Amelia
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to analyze  analyzes suggestion acts that were spoken by English instructors in conversation classes at the Andalas University Language Center. The purposes purposes of this study are are to identify and explain explain the types of speech acts, taxonomies, modifications, and reasons of the instructor expressing the speech. This study is descriptive study which data are taken from two conversation class instructors in language centre of Andalas University This study is descriptive study which data are taken from two conversation class instructors in language centre of Andalas University. The data are in the form of transcriptions, research notes, and interviews. The data are in the form of transcription, research notes, and interviews. The data are in the form of  The data are in the form of transcription, research notes,, and interviews. The instruments used are observation sheets, audio recordings,, and interview guidelines. The findings indicate indicate that the two instructors expressed different suggestions at each meeting. The highest intensity of appearance of suggestion acts is is seen in the first meeting of the first instructor and the third meeting of the second instructor. Furthermore, the two instructors also express express the same type of taxonomy/suggestion acts as conventionalized forms. Then, a similar fact is is found from the modified aspect, namely subjectivizer. The reasons reason why the instructor expresses suggestions are are influenced by social distance, power,, and imposition. Based on these findings, it is is implied that the suggestion actions action taken by the instructors instructors  are are influenced by the culture of the community and the class context.
HARD WORK CHARACTER ON NOVEL RADEN MANDASIA SI PENCURI DAGING SAPI BY YUSI AVIANTO PAREANOM
Authors: Perdana Riza , Suyitno Suyitno , Waluyo Herman J.
Published: December 2019

Novel is one of literature which full of character education value. The aims of this research describe the character education value of hard work in the novel. The mental hard work of participants in educators have faded and much the mentality to get instant results. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method with source data from novel Raden Mandasia Si Pencuri Daging Sapi by Yusi Avianto Pareanom Banan publisher 2016. Close reading was used to collect the data, then the data was recorded in the form of hard work education data, processing data and analyzing data The results of this research that novel contains a lot of hard-working education values shown by the characters. Figures from this novel are (1) Sungu Lembu, (2) Raden Mandasia, (3) Prabu Watugunung, (4) Loki Tua, (5) Nyai Manggis, (6) Many Wetan, (7) Barja, (8) Wulu Many, (9) Jongkeng, (10) Resi Tama, and (11) Melur. The value of character education of hard work on this novel can be instilled to learners along with related learning. Thus it can assist the educator in determining the proper literary works for the material to grow the character of the hard work of the learners.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING ABILITY AND MOTIVATION USING COOPERATIVE AND COLLABORATIVE LEARNING IN TEACHING WRITING TO ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITAS PAMULANG
Authors: Sariasih Wiwit -
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT This research was conducted to increase students' writing ability and motivation using cooperative and collaborative learning. It was aimed to reveal; 1) To what extent cooperative and collaborative learning can improve students’ writing ability? 2) How is students’ motivation in writing lesson after implementing the cooperative and collaborative learning? 3) What are factors that influence the improvement of ability and motivation of students in writing? The research was conducted using classroom action research design and the data were divided into qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data were taken from observation, questionnaire and interview while quantitative data were taken from writing assignment and test. Thus, it was found that students’ writing ability and motivation was increased after using cooperative and collaborative learning. The factors that influenced the improvement were classroom activities, classroom management and lecturer’s strategy in teaching. Keywords: Cooperative and Collaborative Learning, Motivation and Writing
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MIND MAPPING TECHNIQUE IN ENHANCING STUDENTS’ READING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Karolina Karolina
Published: December 2019

Reading is considered challenging for high students in which students are not massively exposed to English input. Despite the challenge, the students are required to have good reading ability. One of the most proposing techniques is mind mapping. This research aims to reveal to what extent the mind mapping technique enhances students’ reading achievement. Moreover, the research was quasi-experimental research which involved one experimental groups and one control group. The samples were tenth grade students at SMAN 2 Kuala Kapuas, Central Kalimantan. Moreover, mind mapping technique served as the independent variable; while, students’ achievement in reading served as dependent variable. The findings revealed that the mind mapping technique enhances students’ reading achievement. In other words, it signifies the effectual mind mapping technique in enhancing students’ reading achievement
ANALISIS NILAI NOVEL NEGERI 5 MENARA DAN IMPLIKASI TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA DISEKOLAH : PSIKOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Ramdhani Feri Mutri , Rusdiawan Rusdiawan , Mahyudi Johan
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai struktur nilai yang terdapat dalam novel Negeri 5 Menara Karya Ahmad Fuadi dan implikasi terhadap pembelajaran sastra disekolah dengan menggunakan kajian psikologi sastra. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan dengan objek penelitian adalah nilai-nilai pada novel Negeri 5 Menara menggunakan kajian psokologi sastra. Sumber data penelitian adalah novel Negeri 5 Menara Karya Ahmad Fuadi. Data penelitian berupa kata dalam rangkaian kalimat dan suber data primer adalah novel karya Ahmad Fuadi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan simak dan catat. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis isi, yaitu menganalisis nilai-nilai novel Negeri 5 Menara dan dikorelasikan menggunakan kajian psikologi sastra. Dari analisis novel Negeri 5 Menara ditemukan nilai-nilai. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa dalam novel Negeri 5 Menara Karya Ahmad Fuadi dan implikasi terhadap pembelajaran diskolah terdapat Nilai-nilai Pendidikan, Nilai Motivasi, Nilai Moral, dan Nilai Agama.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA PADA PENULISAN MEDIA LUAR RUANG DI PANYABUNGAN
Authors: Sari Hasibuan Nikmah
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan berbahasa pada penulisan media luar ruang di Panyabungan dan memperbaiki kesalahan berbahasa tersebut sesuai dengan kaidah bahasa Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yaitu mendeskripsikan tulisan-tulisan pada media luar ruang kemudian dianalisis kesalahan penulisannya dan memperbaiki tulisan tersebut. Objek dalam penelitian ini  adalah media luar ruang di Panyabungan Kabupaten Mandailing Natal.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan hanya berdasarkan fakta sebagaimana yang ada dilapangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari hasil analisis data-data media luar ruang di Panyabungan dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih banyak kesalahan-kesalahan penulisan yang terdapat pada media luar ruang tersebut. Bentuk-bentuk kesalahan tersebut berupa diksi/pilihan kata yang kurang tepat, semantik/pemaknaan kata yang tidak pada tempatnya ejaan yang salah seperti tanda baca, pemakaian huruf kapital, penulisan singkatan, garis miring dan lain-lain, dan masih banyak kesalahan yang ditemukan dilapangan.
Prefacio
Authors: Cantamutto Lucía , Vela Delfa Cristina
Published: December 2019

Resumen
Evaluation of Response Rate to Resynchronization Therapy: the Super-Responder
Authors: Marques de Sa Junior Izaias , Carlos Pachón Mateos Jose , Carlos Pachón Mateos Juan , Nelson Albornoz Vargas Remy
Published: December 2019

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) emerged as a therapeutic modality for patients with cardiac insufficiency (CI) refractory to pharmacological treatment. Over the last 20 years, several clinical studies have sought to establish their benefits in different populations. The review of the results of these studies has shown that in patients with advanced CI (functional class (FC) I, II, III and IV of the New York Heart Association (NYHA) CRT produces consistent improvements in quality of life, FC and exercise capacity, as well as reducing hospitalizations and mortality rates. Up to 70% of patients submitted to CRT evolve as responders. The criteria adopted in the evaluation of the CRT response rate will be elucidated in this article, in which the main objective is to highlight the concept of the CRT super-responder.
Meat Texture Profile and Cutting Strength Analyses of Pork Depending on Breed and Age
Authors: Migdał Władysław , Różycki Marian , Mucha Aurelia , Tyra Mirosław , Natonek-Wiśniewska Małgorzata , Walczycka Maria , Kulawik Piotr , Węsierska Ewelina , Zając Marzena , Tkaczewska Joanna , Migdał Łukasz , Krępa-Stefanik Katarzyna
Published: December 2019

The chemical composition and culinary meat tenderness belong to the most important characteristics determining meat quality and value. The aim of this work was to compare texture profiles and shear force of pork loin (m. longissimus dorsi) and of pork ham (m. semimembranosus) from fatteners of Polish Landrace (PL), Polish Large White (PLW), Duroc, Pietrain and Puławska pig breeds slaughtered at 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 d of breeding. Meat was roasted at 180°C to inner temperature of 78°C. The intramuscular fat (IMF) content in loin was growing with fattener age (from 1.17% at 60 d to 1.84% at 180 d of life). Between breeds IMF ranged from 0.82% in PLW to 2.29% in Puławska breed. The shear force for loin muscle ranged from 3.42 kG/cm2 at 60 d to 6.54 kG/cm2 at 210 d of life while for and ham muscle 4.4 kG/cm2 at 60 d to 6.78 kG/cm2 at 210 d of life. The hardness (TPA) ranged from 72.29 N at 90 d of life to 109.46 N at 210 d of life. The shear force of loin and ham meat was increasing with age of fatteners and some texture parameters – hardness and chewiness. Nevertheless it seems that the age of 150 days is the time when meat of fatteners is characterized by the highest technological properties. However, the final decision regarding slaughter age should be made taking into account the technological destination of the carcasses. No significant interactions between the animal breed and their age were found for the parameters analysed.
The Nativeness of Breton Speakers and Their Erasure
Authors: Jouitteau Mélanie
Published: December 2019

I discuss the nativeness of heritage speakers of Breton in the twentieth century. I present a syntactic test designed for Breton that sets apart its native speakers from its late learners, for whom Breton is a second language. Nativeness is revealed by a better tolerance to syntactic overload when sufficient linguistic stress is applied. Both heritage speakers of inherited Breton and early bilinguals whose linguistic input comes exclusively from school answer this test alike, which I take as a sign they are cognitively natives. The syntactic nativeness of children deprived of familial Breton input suggests there is many more young Breton natives among contemporary speakers than previously assumed. Taking stock of these results, I discuss the cultural erasure of Breton native speakers. I compare their cultural treatment with the figure of the ghost. I end by a discussion of the term new speaker.
Describing Serbian Hospital Activity Using Australian Refined Diagnosis Related Groups: A Case Study in Vojvodina Province
Authors: Medarevic Aleksandar P
Published: December 2019

Introduction

AR-DRG system for classification hospital episodes was implemented in Serbia to improve efficiency and transparency in the health system.

Methods

L3H3, IQR, and 10th–95th percentile methods were used to identify outlier episodes in the classification. Classification efficiency and within-group homogeneity were measured by an adjusted reduction in variance (R2) and a coefficient of variation (CV).

Results

There were 246,131 hospital episodes with a total 1,651,913 bed days from 14 hospitals. All episodes were classified into 652 groups of which 441 had CV lower than 100%. “Medical groups” accounted for 51% of groups and for 72% of episodes. Chemotherapy and vaginal delivery were the highest volume groups, with 5% and 4% of total episodes. Major diagnostic category 6 (MDC 6, Diseases of the digestive system) was the highest volume MDC, accounting for 11% of episodes. “Day-cases” and “prolonged hospitalisation” accounted for 21% and 3% of episodes, respectively. The average length of stay varied from 5.6 to 8.2 days. Adjusted R2 was 0.3 for untrimmed data. Trimming by L3H3, IQR, and 10th–95th percentile method improved the value of adjusted R2 to 0.61, 0.49, and 0.51, identifying 24%, 7%, and 7% of total cases as outliers, respectively. Mental diseases (MDC 19) remained the lowest adjusted R2 in untrimmed and trimmed datasets.

Conclusion

A long length of stay and a small percentage of “day-cases” characterized hospital activity in Vojvodina. Trimming methods significantly improved DRG efficiency. Future studies should consider cost data.
Safety Culture at Primary Healthcare Level: A Cross-Sectional Study among Employees with a Leadership Role
Authors: Klemenc-Ketiš Zalika , Poplas Susič Antonija
Published: December 2019

Introduction

An effective leadership is critical to the development of a safety culture within an organization. With this study, the authors wanted to assess the self-perceived level of safety culture among the employees with a leadership function in the Ljubljana Community Health Centre.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study in the largest community health centre in Slovenia. We sent an invitation to all employees with a leadership role (N=211). The Slovenian version of the SAQ – Short Form as a measurement of a safety culture was used. The data on demographic characteristics (gender, age, role, work experience, working hours, and location of work) were also collected. An electronic survey was used.

Results

The final sample consisted of 154 (69.7%) participants, out of which 136 (88.3%) were women. The mean age and standard deviation of the sample was 46.2±10.5 years. The average scores for the safety culture domains on a scale from 1 to 5 were 4.1±0.6 for Teamwork Climate, Safety Climate, and Working Conditions and Satisfaction, 3.7±0.5 for Perception of Management, 3.6±0.4 for Communication, and 3.5±0.6 for Stress Recognition.

Conclusion

The safety culture among leaders in primary healthcare organizations in Slovenia is perceived as positive. There is also a strong organizational culture. Certain improvements are needed, especially in the field of communication and stress recognition with regards to safety culture.
Gender Differences in Predictors of Self-Medication with Tranquillizers and Sleeping Pills: Results of the Population-Based Study in Serbia
Authors: Tripković Katica , Šantrić Milićević Milena , Odalović Marina
Published: December 2019

Background

Previous studies among the Serbian population concluded that the trend of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills requires deeper study. The objective is to identify gender differences in socio-demographic, health, and health service predictors of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills in a Serbian population of 15 years old and above.

Methods

This was a population-based, cross-sectional study. Data was extracted from the most recently available results of the Serbian National Health Survey of 2013. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine independent self-medication predictors.

Results

The study included 14,623 participants, of which 51.77% were female. While 5.6% of the females reported self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills, only 2.2% of males reported such practice (p<0.001). The presence of chronic disease, stress, and physical pain in the last month before the interview was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of self-medication with observed drugs in both genders. Age was the most significant socio-demographic predictor of self-medication in females, while in males it was unemployment. Women of 55–65 years of age showed a greater risk from self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills in comparison to women of 15–24 years of age (aOR=4.75, 95% CI: 1.83–12.33). Unemployed males showed a greater tendency for such practice in comparison to employed (aOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.19–2.91).

Conclusion

The findings highlighted predictors of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills and important differences between genders, which may contribute to the design of gender-sensitive surveillance, identification, and the prevention of such undesirable practices through evidence-based and appropriately tailored public health actions.
O TRATAMENTO DA TIPICIDADE NO FUNCIONALISMO ROXINIANO E OS LIMITES DA CUMPLICIDADE ATRAVÉS DE CONDUTAS NEUTRAS: UMA ANÁLISE DO CASO OSKAR GRÖNING (3 StR - 49/16)
Authors: Rossetto Luiz Henrique Carvalheiro
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo visa a discutir o problema da cumplicidade por ações neutras (“Beihilfe durch neutrale Handlungen”), segundo o qual a relevância penal de uma conduta deveria ser restringida quando considerada “socialmente (ou profissionalmente) adequada”, i.e., permitida. O foco recai nos argumentos apresentados por Claus Roxin em seu comentário referente à condenação de Oskar Gröning, condenado por inúmeros assassinatos perpetrados nos campos de extermínio Nazistas. Ainda, o artigo ressalta a ligação entre a abordagem sustentada pelo penalista alemão nos âmbitos da parte geral, da tipicidade e dos limites da cumplicidade, a fim de promover uma revisão da discussão. Em conclusão, argumenta-se que a solução proposta por Roxin é consistente em relação às suas premissas sistemáticas e adequada a um Direito Penal do fato.
Influência do estado cognitivo na mobilidade funcional de idosos comunitários
Authors: Fonseca Clarissa Soares , Batista Ana Cláudia Mou , Volpini Lana Mariana Ribeiro , De Alvarenga Érika Costa , Dos Anjos Daniela Maria da Cruz
Published: December 2019

Introdução: A mobilidade funcional descreve a capacidade que o indivíduo possui para se locomover de forma independente². O estado cognitivo pode sofrer alterações com o avançar da idade, podendo ser influenciadas pelo nível educacional, sua diminuição pode levar a piora da mobilidade funcional e consequentemente levar a efeitos adversos como quedas³. Avaliar a correlação entre o estado cognitivo e mobilidade funcional nos diferentes níveis de escolaridade é importante para prevenção e reabilitação de declínios funcionais. Objetivo: Investigar a correlação entre a mobilidade funcional e o estado cognitivo em idosos comunitários nos diferentes níveis de escolaridade. Metodologia: Estudo de corte transversal realizado com 27 idosos divididos em grupo G1 (baixa e média escolaridade) e G2 (alta escolaridade). O estado cognitivo foi avaliado por meio do Mini Exame do Estado Mental e a mobilidade funcional por meio dos testes Timed Up and Go, Teste de Sentar e Levantar Cinco Vezes e Teste de Velocidade de Marcha. Para estabelecer a relação entre variáveis foi utilizada a correlação de Pearson em ambos os grupos, sendo considerada estatisticamente significante quando p<0,05. Resultados: A composição da amostra foi de 9 homens (33,3%) e 18 mulheres (66,6%) com idade 71,29 ± 6,84 anos, 22 (81,4%) possuíam baixa e média escolaridade e 5 (18,5%) alta escolaridade. A análise estatística não revelou correlação significante entre variáveis. Conclusão: Não foi encontrada correlação entre mobilidade funcional e estado cognitivo, atribui-se esse resultado ao fato que a população estudada possuía um bom nível de escolaridade não apresentando grandes alterações na mobilidade funcional.
Ocorrência e morfologia de piritas goethitizadas no município de Formiga – MG
Authors: Fonseca Anísio Cláudio , Rios Fonseca Karina Santos , Rios Fonseca Alexandre Cláudio , Pinto Samila Elias , Castro Jordana Luísa de
Published: December 2019

Introdução: Os pseudomorfos de goethita pós pirita ocorrem no domínio sedimentar do Grupo Bambuí, possuindo hábito cúbico, octaédrico, dodecaédrico, combinações destes e formando agregados globulares esferóides. Objetivos: Aferir dados morfológicos, mineralógicos e dimensionais das mesmas. Metodologia: Foram coletadas 1352 amostras globulares em três localidades e aferidos seus diâmetros, hábitos, estrutura interna, traço e densidade, utilizando-se paquímetro, câmera, microscópio estereoscópio e balança analítica. Resultados: Densidade média de 3,55 g/cm3, com perda de 42,04 % para o sulfeto original (5,01 g/cm3), hábito cúbico e octaédrico em cristais isolados e nos agregados globulares, núcleo poroso e amarelo- avermelhado, traço amarelo- avermelhado, diâmetro médio dos agregados globulares de 19,97 mm e desvio padrão 8,22 mm. Conclusão: São restritos ao Grupo Bambuí, apresentando diferentes graus de pseudomorfose, dimensões abaixo de 88,06 mm e hábitos subordinados às condições bioquímicas de cada ocorrência, com predomínio do cubo, secundariamente octaedros e formas combinadas destes, com cristalizações de gerações diferentes.
Agulhamento a seco em pontos gatilho miofasciais: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Ferreira Matheus Hissa
Published: December 2019

Introdução: A dor musculoesquelética é a principal causa de quadros álgicos em toda sociedade. Uma importante causa destas dores são os pontos gatilho miofasciais, nódulos palpáveis na musculatura esquelética, hipersensíveis, dolorosos, formados em uma banda tensa, e a presença dos mesmos caracteriza a Síndrome Dolorosa Miofascial. Inúmeros tratamentos são utilizados para esta síndrome, incluindo o agulhamento a seco, que envolve a introdução de uma agulha no tecido a ser tratado com objetivo de reduzir a dor.
Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da técnica de agulhamento a seco para redução da dor causada por pontos gatilho miofasciais através de uma revisão sistemática.
Metodologia: Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline, Lilacs, PEDro e SciELO, no período de 1990 até maio de 2017, com os descritores em inglês “trigger points”, “myofascial pain syndromes” e “needles” em associação, além da utilização do termo livre “dry needling”. Foram incluídos apenas ensaios clínicos aleatórios.
Resultados: Dos 515 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados mencionadas, 11 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Somando as amostras de todos os estudos, participaram desta revisão sistemática 442 indivíduos, sendo 130 homens, 253 mulheres e 59 não tiveram o sexo especificado.
Conclusão: A maior parte dos estudos incluídos nesta revisão sistemática mostram que o agulhamento a seco é uma técnica efetiva para redução da dor causada por pontos gatilho miofasciais em diferentes regiões anatômicas do corpo a curto prazo, quando comparadas a nenhuma intervenção ou com agulhamento a seco simulado.
Palavras-Chave: Myofascial pain syndromes; Trigger points; Needles; Dry needling.
Prevalence of self-medication with analgesics among medical students of Taif University
Authors: Alharthi Nasser , Althomali Mazen , Alsufyani Ahmed , Alsufyani Abdulaziz , Elnemr Gamal
Published: December 2019

Background: Analgesics are commonly available at homes and over the counters in pharmacies. Although analgesics can be useful for relieving acute pain, overuse of analgesics or misuse of self-medication can lead to harmful adverse effects, especially among university students who commonly use analgesics. This survey analysis aims to explore the prevalence of self-medication with analgesics among medical university students in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A self-administered structured questionnaire was sent to the public through online Google forms, including questions on the frequency of analgesics use, common indications, and side effects, as well as attitude of students toward the use of analgesics, in addition to socio-demographic data. Results: The use of analgesics among medical students is widespread (92.7%). However, 50.7% of the participants used them rarely. Females are more frequent users for analgesics compared to males (p-value < 0.001) and more common to get side effects (p-value = 0.003). Also, abdominal pain was the common side effect of analgesics (2.5%), while headache was the most common reason for using analgesics (63.7%). Conclusion: Medical students do not frequently use analgesics; however, their level of knowledge toward self-medication with analgesics needs to be improved. Future studies on knowledge of the general public and their behavior toward the use of analgesics on a self-medication basis are also mandatory.
Biosensors for Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Yılmaz Ergin , Yazgan İdris
Published: December 2019

The release of organic pollutants in nature with different forms are treat to the environment and living organism. Particularly, monitoring of the presence of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are of great interest due to the fact that they accumulate in soil, water-resources and living organisms and can contaminate food as well. Sensitive and selective detection of PAHs are critical because of the fact that strict regulations governed by national and/international organizations may require different firm value for minimum-allowed concentrations for each PAHs in addition to the total allowed PAHs concentrations. Therefore, analytical and bioanalytical techniques based on different principles have been developed to reach optimized sensitivity and selectivity. Among these techniques, mass spectroscopy coupled chromatographic methods including liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography (GC), and those coupled with spectroscopy are in use to monitor the level and type of the PAH for about 90 years. In addition to these, in last 50 years, biosensors were introduced in detection of PAHs. Particularly, whole-cell based (e.g. engineered yeast cells) and affinity-based (e.g. ELISA) biosensors are currently hot research topics for their simplicity and versatility. In this review, for PAHs detection, historical perspectives, status and outlook along with suggestions are discussed.
General Characteristics of Practices and Non-Practices Farmers and Their Opinions on Good Agriculture Practice in Adana Province
Authors: Yılmaz Hilal , Sağlam Cengiz , Gül Mevlüt , Aydın Başak , Ayasan Tugay
Published: December 2019

The agricultural production model which is done in order to provide food security, sustainability, and traceability in the agriculture, protect the natural sources and perform agricultural production, harmless to the environment, human and animal health, is called as Good Agricultural Practices. This study covers agricultural enterprises engaged in good agricultural practices and non-engaged in good agricultural practices in Adana province. The aim of the research is to compare the general characteristics of farms and to determine their views on good agricultural practices. The main material of the study constituted the primary data obtained through the survey of the 170 enterprises engaged in good agricultural and the non-used citrus (lemon and mandarin) farming in Adana province. According to the survey, it was determined that a higher level of education in enterprises engaged in ITU. The majority of good agricultural producers are residents in cities and towns and have social security. About 84.71% of good agricultural producers practise ITU in order to benefit support. It was determined that 25.88% of no good agriculture practices found ITU unnecessary. The 67.06% of producers stated that the market situation of the ITU products is similar to conventional products.
Artan Dozlarda Kurşun (Pb) Uygulamalarının Tütün Çeşitlerinin Büyüme, Pb ve Mikro Element Konsantrasyonlarına Olan Etkileri
Authors: Kınay Ahmet , Erdem Halil
Published: December 2019

Kurşun (Pb), belirli eşik konsantrasyonları aştığında insanlar, hayvanlar ve bitkiler için tehlikeli olan bir ağır metaldir. Tütün bünyesinde yüksek konsantrasyonlarda kurşun biriktirebilen bir bitkidir. Kurşun alımında tütün genotipleri arasındaki farklılıklar ve bitkilerin kurşuna verdikleri henüz cevap açıkça belirlenmemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Pb dozlarının (Pb 0; 0,25; 2,5 ve 10 mg kg-1) iki farklı tütün çeşidinin (Xanthi/2A ve Nail) biyomas (kök ve yeşil aksam) üretimi, Pb konsantrasyonu ve mikro besin konsantrasyonları üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemektir. Kontrollü koşullar altında yetiştirilen tütün çeşitlerine artan Pb dozları ile birlikte temel makro (N, P ve K) ve mikro (Fe ve Zn) besin elementleri verilmiştir. İki farklı tütün çeşidinde biomas üretimi (kök ve yeşil aksam kuru madde verimi), yeşil aksam Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn ve Cu konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Artan dozlarda Pb uygulaması ile çeşitlerin kuru madde verimi önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Kök ve yeşil aksamda ortaya çıkan azalmaya karşın, artan dolarda kurşun uygulamaları ile tütün çeşitlerinin yeşil aksam kurşun konsantrasyonlarında istatiksel olarak önemli artışlara neden olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Artan dozlarda Pb uygulaması ile tütün çeşitlerinin yeşil aksam Zn, Fe, Mn ve Cu konsantrasyonlarında istatiksel olarak önemli artış ve azalışlara neden olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak en yüksek kurşun dozunda dahi Nail ve Xanthi/2A tütün çeşitlerinin yeşil aksamında 1,0 mg kg-1‘ın altında Pb konsantrasyonuna sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Buna rağmen kurşun ile kirlenmiş topraklarda yetişen tütün çeşitleri ile yapılan tütün mamulleri insanlar içim risk teşkil etmektedir.
Hayvancılık İşletmelerinde Kayıtların Veri Tabanlarında Saklanması ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çelikyürek Hasan , Karakuş Kadir , Kara Murat
Published: December 2019

Hayvancılık işletmelerinde uzun süre saklanan veriler, hayvansal üretimlerde verimliliğin artırılabilmesi, hayvan damızlık değerlerinin ortaya konulabilmesi, nitelikli damızlık ihtiyaçlarının karşılanabilmesi, etkin ıslah organizasyonlarının yapılabilmesi, yüksek gelir elde edilebilmesi, sürüden ayıklanacak veya damızlık olarak elde tutulacak hayvanların belirlenmesinde etkin rol oynayacaktır. Hayvancılık işletmelerinde tutulan önemli teknik veriler arasında; damızlık koç/boğa/teke kayıtları ve bunlara ilişkin üreme, büyüme- gelişme, verim kayıtları (küçükbaş hayvanlarda yapağı ve kıl verimi, besideki canlı ağırlık artışları, yem tüketimi, laktasyon ve süt verimi), döl verimi ölçütleri, kesim ve karkas ölçü ve özellikleri, et kalitesine ilişkin kayıtlar, hayvan hastalıkları ile aşı uygulamaları ile ilgili kayıtlar gösterilebilir. Bu verilerden hayvana ait tanımlayıcı bilgilerin veritabanlarında saklanması ve hayvan takiplerinin yapılması gibi konularda Türkiye‘nin AB‘ne uyum programı çerçevesinde Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı‘nın 10.02.2009 tarihli 27137 sayılı resmi gazetede yayımlanan “Koyun ve keçi türü hayvanların tanımlanması, tescili ve izlenmesi yönetmeliği” kapsamında zorunlu hale getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Günümüzde sağlıklı verilerin elde edilebilmesi ve eldeki verilerin de güvenle saklanabilmesi amacıyla MySQL, MS SQL, Postrage SQL, Oracle, Firebird, IBM DB2, MS Access gibi veri tabanı yazılımlarından yararlanılmaktadır. Bu veritabanı yazılımlarının ve Veritabanı Yönetim Sistemlerinin (VTYS) kullanımının ve işletmeye maliyetinin bilinmesi, işletme için önemlidir. Bu çalışma ile bu yazılımların işletmeye kattığı değer ve işletmeye maliyetleri konusunda bilgi vermek amaçlanmıştır.
The Assessment of Androgenic Response of Two Nematode Resistant Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Genotypes
Authors: Shimira Flavien , Keleş Davut , Taşkın Hatıra , Abak Kazım
Published: December 2019

Pepper is one of the most cultivated vegetables worldwide and also consumed substantially as a flavouring ingredient in different culinary traditions. Therefore, many researchers have focused on its breeding to develop new varieties. One of plant breeding aims is to attain disease and pest resistance. The use of tissue culture methods in plant breeding has many advantages. The response of two nematode resistant pepper genotypes to the anther culture and the effect of cold pre-treatment to the floral buds have been investigated in this study. Alata 2095 and Alata 2096 both specified as resistant to the nematode by Alata Horticultural Research Institute (Alata, Mersin, Turkey) were used as plant material. Two pre-treatments were used in this study: cold and no cold. In cold treatment, flower buds were kept in fridge at 4Â°C for 24 hours prior to the anther culture. Murashige and Skoog medium contained 0.25% activated charcoal, 6.5 g L-1 agar, 0.5 mg L-1 6-benzyl-amino-purine (BAP), 4 mg L-1 naphthalene-acetic-acid (NAA), 15 mg L-1 silver nitrate (AgNO3), and 30 g L-1 sucrose was used. After assessment, the highest mean of plant number was 39.08 per 100 anthers for Alata 2095 genotype. It was 46.61 and 31.56 in cold and no cold treatment, respectively. For Alata 2096 genotype, the mean was 1.96 per 100 anthers (1.68 and 2.25 in cold and no cold treatment, respectively). Statistical analyses confirmed that there was significant difference between treatments, genotypes and also significant interaction between those factors. At the end of the study, we can say that Alata 2095 genotype has a good androgenic response and it can be beneficial in further pepper breeding studies.