bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Wear Behavior of NBR by 45 Steel in Crude Oil Medium
Authors: Wang Zhe , Wang Shi Jie
Published: December 2011

NBR is the essential material selected for the stator of progressing cavity pump which is used for oil extraction. The premature failure of NBR is the primary cause for shortening working life of the pump. Wear behavior of NBR and its mechanism by 45 steel were studied in crude oil medium using a MPV-600-type compute-controlled abrasive wear test machine. Through the friction test found at constant low load, and at constant temperature, the friction coefficient is along with the rotational speed increased first and then decreased and then increased; At constant low speed, and at constant temperature, friction coefficient decreases as the force increases; The friction coefficient increases with rising temperature first and then drops; The main wear mechanism of the rubber in crude oil is wet abrasive wear. The test results on the rational selection of working parameters to improve rubber metal friction pair of whole life have practical significance.
Reliability Analysis of Subgrade Bearing Capacity of Gravity Foundation of Wind Turbine Based on JC Method
Authors: Cheng Zhong Qing , Yang Ping , Jiang Hai Bo
Published: December 2011

The design of foundation of wind turbine should meet the requirement of subgrade bearing capacity. In this paper, reliability method was used to analyze the bearing capacity of gravity foundation of wind turbine. The circular gravity foundation in coral sands is taken as research object. By deriving the expression of maximum pressure at the edge of foundation base under the action of overturning moment, the performance function of subgrade bearing capacity reliability analysis is established. JC method is used to calculate the subgrade bearing capacity reliability index. Effect of foundation size to reliability index is analyzed. Iterative calculation shows that the method proposed in this paper can calculate the reliability index of foundation quickly.
Optimisation of 4H-SiC Enhancement Mode JFETs for High Performance and Energy Efficient Digital Logic in Extreme Environments
Authors: Habib Hassan , Wright Nicholas , Horsfall Alton B.
Published: December 2011

The commercialisation of Silicon Carbide devices and circuits require high performance, miniaturised devices which are energy efficient and can function on the limited power resources available in harsh environments. The high temperature Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulation model has been used to design and optimise a potential commercial device to meet the current challenges faced by Silicon Carbide technology. In this paper we report a new methodology to optimise the design of high temperature four terminal enhancement mode n-and p-JFETs for Complementary JFET (CJFET) logic.
Meshing Efficiency of Globoidal Indexing Cam Mechanism with Steel Ball
Authors: Feng Xian Ying , Fu Zhen Shan , Yu Chun Ling
Published: December 2011

Theoretical calculation equation of meshing efficiency of globoidal indexing cam mechanism with steel ball is derived by analyzing the motion of steel ball and power loss of the mechanism. Based on the features of loads, meshing efficiency and influencing factors are analyzed. Calculation and analysis show that meshing efficiency varies with cam angle, friction coefficient and sliding velocity are major influencing factors, with the increase of them, meshing efficiency increase. Pretightening force, contact ratio factor and cam motion rule are minor influencing factors, meshing efficiency increases with the increase of pretightening force, the contact ratio factor affects meshing efficiency and the distribution of losing power, cam motion rule affects meshing efficiency by mean of it’s influence on inertia load of the mechanism, this research has guiding significance for design and manufacture of the mechanism.
The Effects of Adding TiC Powders to VANADIS 4 Tool Steel by HIP Treatment
Authors: Chang Shih Hsien , Tang Tzu Piao , Chen Jhewn Kuang , Liu Chung Ming
Published: December 2011

In this study, the commercial VANADIS 4 (V-4) tool steel powders with sifting classification below 25 μm to be the matrix with fine titanium carbide (TiC) powder to produce a new material with high hardness and wear resistance, via powder metallurgy, sintering and HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing) process. Experimental results showed that the TRS of original V-4 steel powder was 678.5 MPa, but below 25 μm of V-4 steel powder adding 35 wt% TiC enhanced to 868.6 MPa through 1673 K sintered.
Beside, the hardness increased to HRA 86.2, TRS reached 1059.3 MPa, and porosity decreased to 1.0% of the V-4 steel powders (below 25 μm) added 35 wt% TiC after 1673 K sintered and heat treatments. Furthermore, HIP treatment can improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of V-4 composite material. TRS of V-4 composite steel increased to 1180.4 MPa and hardness was HRA 87.4 (HRC 71.7), porosity decreased to 0.71% after 1673 K sintered and HIP (1523 K, 150 MPa, 1 hour) treatments.
Effect of Seismic Characteristics on Seismic Energy Response of Bridge
Authors: Li Yu , Bai Hua , Wang Tao
Published: December 2011

The energy equations of MDOF bridges are established based on the energy equilibrium theory. With considering the seismic characteristics, the FEA model of one double-column pier of passenger dedicated line is established in order to research the seismic energy response and its distribution rules when MDOF bridges entry the nonlinear state. The study results are obtained as follow: Bridge subjected to minor ground motion is depended on damping energy dissipation to consume seismic input energy. On the contrary, a large number of inelastic deformation is generated when bridge is subjected to strong ground motion. So the seismic input energy is mainly consumed by hysteretic energy dissipation. So, some meaningful references are provided for the seismic design for bridge by using energy concept.
Free Surface Processing Parameters such as the Curvature Analysis
Authors: Wang Ming Hai , Li Xiao Peng , Sun Yue , Sun Lei
Published: December 2011

In order to improve the free surface machining accuracy and processing efficiency, this paper proposes a processing parameters such as free surface method, through to the free surface parts for the parameters such as the curvature analysis, and then get free surface modeling geometry characteristic change rule, choose reasonable parameters optimization cutting knife, a path, the improvement of the machining accuracy and processing efficiency. We introduce the conception of curvature to analyze the curvature and optimize the cutting parameter and cutting tool parameter to avoid interference phenomena happening and improve the processing efficiency and precision. Take the ball end cutter for example to process simulation, it shows that through the analysis of the free surface curvature method to avoid the intervention process is feasible, and has been verified by the experiment.
The Experimental Study on the Road Asphalt Fumes Inhibitors
Authors: Qian Shi Lin , Wang Fei
Published: December 2011

In order to reduce the road asphalt fumes in the process of construction, the paper proposed to add some substances in asphalt to reduce the yield of asphalt fumes. Firstly, considering the theory of how the asphalt fumes come into being in the process of construction on the pavement, six possible additives to restrain these fumes havd been screened out. And tests of fumes suppression effect had been done to get the results that: SBS has a good effect of fumes suppression. When added by 3%, the asphalt fumes reduced by the rate of 19.2%; PE has an suppressive effect on asphalt fumes. When added by 3%, the asphalt fumes reduced by the rate of 6.5%; Melamine has a good effect of fumes suppression. When added by 3%, the asphalt fumes reduced by the rate of 45.1%; Ammonium molybdophosphate has an abnormal effect of fumes suppression. When added by 1%, the asphalt fumes not only did not reduce but increases. When added by 3%, the asphalt fumes reduced by the rate of 23.3%; nanoCalcium carbonate has an effect of fumes suppression. When added by 3%, the asphalt fumes reduced by the rate of 4.8%; Activated Carbon has a good effect of fumes suppression. When added by 3%, the asphalt fumes reduced by the rate of 41.6%.
Orthogonal Experiment Study on the Hydrogen Desorption Properties of NaAlH4 and LiAlH4
Authors: Zheng Xue Ping , Feng Xin , Lin Xiao Bin , Liu Sheng Lin
Published: December 2011

Orthogonal experiment design and variance analysis were adopted to investigate the hydrogen desorption properties of NaAlH4 and LiAlH4, which consisted of three stages, ball-milled under argon. Optimum milling condition was very important for the performance of NaAlH4 and LiAlH4, which was obtained from the orthogonal experiments. The orthogonal experiment design considered three experimental factors, i.e. weight ratio of ball to power, weight ratio of ɸ8 ball to ɸ4 ball and milling time, which varied on three different levels, respectively. According to the range analysis and variance analysis from the orthogonal experiments, the weight ratio of ball to powder and ɸ8 ball to ɸ4 ball had more impacts on the hydrogen desorption time of NaAlH4,while the most sensitive influencing factor of LiAlH4 was milling time. NaAlH4 had the optimum performance when the weight ratio of ball to power was 30:1, the weight ratio of ɸ8 ball to ɸ4 ball was 0.5:1 and milling time was 0.5h. LiAlH4 had the optimum performance when the weight ratio of ball to power was 40:1, the weight ratio of ɸ8 ball to ɸ4 ball was 0.5:1 and milling time was 2h.
Evaluation of Fast Neutron Inserted to RPV Materials and Management of RPV Lifetime for PWR Power Plant
Authors: Yang Shou Hai , Chen Yi Xue , Hu Ye , Sun Ye Shuai , Quan Guo Ping , Wan Hai Xia , Jin Zhong Min , Shi Sheng Chun , Cao Bo , Lu Dao Gang
Published: December 2011

For the PWR power plant in service, the lifetime of RPV is mainly determined by fast neutron (E>0.1MeV and E>1.0MeV) fluence. A new Low-Leakage Core Loading (LLCL) pattern is considered to prolong the lifetime of RPV to 60 years for Daya Bay nuclear power plant. Fast neutron (E>0.1MeV and E>1.0MeV) flux inserted to Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) under LLCL pattern is calculate by MCNP and compared with that under Long-Short Alternating Core Loading (LSACL) pattern. The results show that fast neutron fluence over inner surface of RPV under LLCL pattern decrease 28.50% (E>1.0MeV) and 28.22% (E>0.1MeV) compared with LSACL pattern and it is feasible expand the life of LWR-RPV to 60 years by LLCL pattern.
The Experimental Study on the Performance of Anchor Material of Mooring System for Deepwater Drilling
Authors: Feng Ding , Liao Zuo Jie , Wang Peng , Yang Cheng , Luo Qiang
Published: December 2011

Based on a success case of deepwater drilling at Equatorial Guinea in West Africa Gulf, an experimental study has been made, which was focused on the chemical composition and microstructure of the anchor material of the mooring system used in the drilling process. The percentage composition of chemical elements in the anchor material and the material microstructure were obtained. The experimental results showed: to a certain extent, the anchor material met the performance requirements for deepwater drilling at Equatorial Guinea as a result of the reasonable percentage content of each chemical element and the ultrafine structure. Through the experimental analysis, some performance characteristics and microstructure feature that the anchor material should have were further made clear to adapt to the deepwater drilling.
Study on Lowcost Revegetation Technical Measures on Ferrum Tailings Bank in Huludao, Northeast China
Authors: Huang Jin Dong , Li Dong Hong
Published: December 2011

This study focused on the technical measures of revegetation on ferrum tailings bank in Huludao, China. Adopting field test method, a revegetation trial was conducted on the Yangjiazhangzi waste ferrum tailings bank. By composting the urban sludge + river mud + straw inside planting pit to ameliorate tailings matrix, planting perennial herb to establish closed type sand barrier to shelter bush-herbage growth, transplanting nutrition cup bush seedlings and sowing herbage seed on the composting pit to establish bush-herbage clump, these technical measures can solve the major constraints to plant growth and establish survival bush-herbage vegetation at lowcost. The results show that Pit layered composting is the cost-effective measure to improve ferrum tailings planting matrix; Planting perennial herb sand barrier t is a good measure to improve microhabitat; Planting bush-herbage clump is a good pattern to resist the extreme ferrum tailing environment; Hippophae rhamnoides Linn., Caragana Korshinskii Kom., Medicago sativa Linn.and Astragalus adsurgens Pall are good pioneer species for revegetation on the ferrum tailings bank. Experiment proved that the combination of these technical measures can reconstruct vegetation, this revegetation pattern is worthy of reference for similar mine ecological restoration.
Research Status and Tendency of Urban Soil Pollution
Authors: Zheng Huai Li , Jiang Zhen Zhen , Fan Wei , Zhu Jun Ren , Zhang Zhi , Guan Qing Qing , Lu Wei
Published: December 2011

Urban soil is a compositional part of urban ecosystem playing a vital role in urban sustainable development for it functions importantly in ecological, environmental and economical area and it is urban pollutants’ source and concourse. This paper systematically concludes and expounds a series of research achievements about soil heavy mental contamination, micro-organic material pollution, the environmental and healthy risk assessment of urban soil pollution of domestic and foreign research in recent 10 years. The development focus and tendency of urban soil pollution research are provided on this base for supplying vital scientific clues for improving urban ecological environment.
Study on Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Sediment from the Yangtze River (Chongqing Downtown Section) in China
Authors: Ma Wen Bing , Wang Fei , Zhai Qin , Yang Xing , Zhou Yu , Zhou Wei Bo
Published: December 2011

The potential ecological risk index,proposed by Hakanson, was employed for evaluating the heavy metal contamination of the Yangtze River sediment in Chongqing downtown section. Basing on the analysis of last fifteen years monitored data from two national monitoring sections, the results indicated that: The potential ecological risk of the Yangtze River Chongqing downtown section was classified as moderate. The sequence of potential ecological risk was Zn< Pb (As) < As (Pb) < Cu < Cd< Hg, while the concentration of heavy metal in the sediment was Zn> Cu >Pb> As > Cd > Hg. The concentrations of Cd and Cu had significant correlation, Hg should be taken into prior consideration for pollution control and reduction due to its highest potential ecological risk. The RI in 2005 was highest, Hg contributed the most. All the heavy metal except for Pb had distinctive variance, but the variance of RI was not significant annually, It might carried the connotation of little difference on Pb emission amount. According to the location of monitoring site factor variance analysis, it implied that only the potential ecological risk of As and Cd varied significantly.
Experimental Study on Stabilization of Chromium Contaminated Soil
Authors: Chen Ji Da , Liu Li , Zhang Li Wei , Liao Shi Guo , Song Yong Ting , Zhang Na
Published: December 2011

To develope a practicable stabilization method for remediation chromium contaminated soil, reductant and chelate reagent were investigated for stabilization artificical chromium contaminated soil, and the stabilization effect was tested through extraction toxicity assay after stablized soil was oxidized at pH 12. The experimental results showed that the composition of sodium bisulfite & ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate was an ideal stabilizer of chromium in soil, and the extraction toxicity was much less than that of classical stabilized chromium polluted soil with only reductant or the maximum critical value in GB16889-2008, which suggested that the composition of reductant & compound of dithiocarbamate might be practically appllied for remediation chromium contaminated soil because it was likely to remain chromium much more stable in soil for a long time and significantly decrease Cr mobility.
Effects of Lime Stabilized Sewage Sludge Compost on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Uptake by Ryegrass
Authors: Zhu Hua Lan , Zhao Xiu Lan
Published: December 2011

A pot experiment was performed to study effects of application of metal rich sludge cocomposted with lime on soil physicochemical properties, ryegrass biomass and heavy metal uptake by ryegrass. The results show that application of sludge compost with (LSC) and without lime (SC) could increase the soil pH, and the organic matter, available N, P and K in soils, consequently, improve the growth of ryegrass. No significant differences were found in the plant growth between sludge composted with lime and without lime. Sludge compost rich in Zn and Cd resulted in two elementals accumulation in soil and plant. The content of Zn and Cd in ryegrass from LSC-treated soil was much lower than those from SC-treated soils at the same application rate. The results illustrated that lime was very effective in stabilizing Zn and Cd in compost. However, the fact that Cd in ryegrass from LSC treated soil was close to or even exceeded the guideline for the health standard of feed and food in China (GB 13078-2001) implied the limitation of liming in stabilization heavy metals in sludge.
Applications of Indigenous Plants on the Restoration of the Manganese Ore Lands
Authors: Xu Qin , Jin Xiao Ling , Chen Yue Hua , Hu Xi Jun
Published: December 2011

The ecosystem structure and functions of the manganese ore lands have been severely degraded. In order to attain the purpose of ecological recovery and landscape restoration, this paper first summarizes the characteristics of the manganese ore lands and the current status on the restoration, then lists the species of indigenous plants that apply to the restoration of the manganese ore lands by starting with vegetation restoration from the perspective of landscape, and finally elaborates the application of indigenous plants in different arrangement modes.
Turn Brownfield into Green Space-Eco-Regeneration of Closed Landfill
Authors: Xiang Xin Yi , Chen Lei , Kueppers Stephen , Zhang Mei Hua , Tang Hong , Li Zong Yi , Li Yuan Qing
Published: December 2011

With the accumulation of solid waste in developing countries, sites of closed landfills have attracted attentions, which can be sorted as one typical brown field in urban area. Taking closed municipal solid waste landfills as examples, case study for turning brown land into green space in Europe and USA was carried out, based on which, suggestions on the ecological regeneration of brown land in China were put forward. It was put forward that for closed landfill constructed in the earlier days, the reliable procedure for the site generation should be reclamation. If it is not possible to carry out the reclamation engineer at present, establishment of trees on the top soil of closed landfill, in other words, eco-regeneration can reduce the negative effects of landfill as far as possible. For the developing countries, reduction, stabilization and recycling of solid waste should be the final solution for solid waste.
The Study of Remediation Standards of Heavy Metal-Cu Contaminated Soil Based on Risk Assessment
Authors: Liu An Ping , Sun Xiao Nan , Yang Fang , Yao Xing Xing
Published: December 2011

This paper describes the model of heavy metal-Cu contaminated soil remediation standard value based on risk assessment. In the Cu contamination risk assessment model, the main exposure methods are oral ingestion and inhalation through breathing, which not only simplifies the calculation but also make people get a clearer understanding of the way of Cu contamination. We get the simplified formula, calculate and discuss Cu contaminated soil remediation target value in specific parameters to provide reference and basis for the remediation of Cu contaminated soil.
Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of (K0.5Na0.5)(Nb1−xVx)O3 Ceramics
Authors: Huang Yan Min , Liu Lai Jun , Shi Dan Ping , Zheng Shao Ying , Wu Shuang Shuang , Fang Liang
Published: December 2011

(K0.5Na0.5)(Nb1−xVx)O3(KNNV) (x=0.02-0.16) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have been prepared by a traditional sintering technique. The effect of V on the crystallographic structure, microstructure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties has been investigated. XRD studies showed the formation of perovskite-type structure with orthorhombic symmetry. Dielectric properties as a function of temperature were carried out. The Curie temperature TCand phase transition temperature of orthorhombic–tetragonal (TO–T) increased with the increase in V content. In contrast, the remanent polarization decreased with the increase in V substitution.
Effect of Fe2O3 Dopant on Electronic Densities and Electrical Properties of ZnO-Based Varistors
Authors: Deng Wen , Lei Zhen Quan , Zhao Jiao Ling , Lu Yan Qiong , Xiong Ding Kang
Published: December 2011

The effect of the Fe2O3dopant on the electronic densities and the electrical properties has been studied in a ZnO-Bi2O3-SnO2-Co2O3-MnO2-TiO2-Ni2O3-Fe2O3system by the measurements of positron lifetime spectra, coincidence Doppler broadening spectra and current-voltage characteristics. The results show that the 3d electron signal in the spectrum of the varistor increases with the Fe2O3content. The addition of small amount of Fe2O3into the ZnO-based varistor leads to an increase in the donor concentration in the bulk and the defects in the varistor. As the Fe2O3content increased, the threshold voltage (VT) and the nonlinear coefficient (α) of the varistor decreased monotonously.
Nano-Sized Silica Reinforcement of Epoxidized Natural Rubber Prepared in Latex State
Authors: Jarnthong Methakarn , Nakason Charoen , Peng Zheng , Lopattananon Natinee
Published: December 2011

Modified nanosilicas have been prepared by grafting an organosiliane precursor, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (MPS), onto silica surface. The grafted silane content was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Subsequently, the modified nanosilica was used to reinforce epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). The effects of surface modification and filler content on morphological and mechanical properties of ENR nanocomposites were investigated.
Phase-Field Model for Spinodal Decomposition of Dilute Solute Field in Al-Ag Alloy
Authors: Gao Ying Jun , Luo Zhi Rong
Published: December 2011

The typical Landau free energy functional with the fourth power of a solute composition field is not suitable for representing spinodal decomposition of a dilute Ag solute field in Al-Ag alloy. Facing this challenge, a new free energy density function is proposed for spinodal decomposition of a dilute Ag solute field of Al-Ag alloy. The evolution of the solute field in Al-4.2% Ag alloy is studied by phase-field method using this new function. The simulated results reveal that the precipitate free zone (PFZ) around the precipitated phase is an ellipse and its width is about two times that of phase, while in the region far from PFZ, a GPZ pattern of Ag solute field appears due to spinodal decomposition.
Preparation and Characterization of the Lignocellulose Aerogel
Authors: Guan Qian , Zhao Xiao Hong , Li Jian
Published: December 2011

The cellulose which is the extraction from Ochroma lagopus wood was dissolved in alkali system. With the BIS as crosslinker, wood cellulosic aerogels was prepared with high porosity and absorption rate. At last, the structure and properties were characterized using SEM, FT-IR, and absorption features. Cellulosic aerogels possessed a high bleaching ability to the discolor. The corresponding parameters were with 10 hours, 25 °C, and initial concentration of methylene blue 2.4×10-4g/L, respectively. The quality of adsorption material 16 mg.
Application of Biodegradable Polymers on Hydroseeding
Authors: Chou Liang Hsing , Lu Chun Ku , Chou Tsu Ming
Published: December 2011

Erosion soil loss is an important problem to be solved. Polyacrylamide (PAM), a biodegradable polymer, has been used in irrigating ditch to reduce soil loss for a long time. It can also be used as an aggregate agent to keep the balance of soil water. The performance of PAM as a soil aggregate agent of silty clay loams was conducted by the wet-sieving method in this study. The effects of PAM on the germination and growth of Bermuda and Bahia were observed. The experiments were conducted in a controlled box with constant temperature and humility. An out-door experiment was also conducted to understand the germination rate of seeds and the development of roots of grasses in ambient condition. Experimental results showed that the addition of PAM would delay the germinations of seeds. However it could enhance the growth of the Bermuda and Bahia grasses.
Experimental Verification of Circuit Analog of Three- and Four-Level Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
Authors: Chen Xi , Leng Xia Min , Li Jing Xin , Yeh Yi Tsen , Liau Teh Chau , Shen Jian Qi , Kao Yao Huang , Yang Tzong Jer
Published: December 2011

Since a two-level resonant atomic system can be simulated by a simple circuit, three- and four-level electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) that occur due to light-atom interaction can find its classical counterpart in circuit analog. As the optical response of an EIT atomic medium (including atomic vapors and semiconductor-quantum-dot dielectrics) can be controlled via tunable quantum interference induced by applied external control fields, in the scheme of circuit analog, such a controllable manipulation is achieved via capacitor coupling, where two loops are coupled by a capacitor that can represent the applied control fields in atomic EIT. Both numerical simulation and experimental demonstration of three- and four-level EIT were performed based on such a scenario of circuit analog. The classical “coherence” relevant to quantum interference among transitions pathways driven by both probe and control fields in EIT atomic systems has been manifested in the present circuit analog of EIT.
Study on the Workability of Self-Compacting Lightweight Aggregate Concrete with Orthogonal Experiment Method
Authors: Liu Xi Jun , Wang Yu Mei
Published: December 2011

In order to get the workability requirements of the preparation of self-compacting lightweight aggregate concrete, fixed sand and gravel volume method and overall calculation method are used in this article to calculate the mix of SCLC30. Orthogonal table L9 (34) is used for test design. In order to analysis the factors of gravel dosage coefficient, sand dosage coefficient, fly ash replace ratio and superplasticizer usage has great influence on concrete by slump flow, L-box and steel-ring tests. The result shows that the groups of 1,3,7,8 have the best workability in 9 groups. On the basis of analysis, gravel coefficient of 0.5, sand coefficient of 0.42, fly ash of 30% and superplasticizer of 1.5% are selected for the optimal mix, so this group has an excellent workability.
Preparation and Performance Investigation of Phenolic Foam
Authors: Wang Li Yan , Gai Guang Qing , Yu Huan Yang , Liu Wen Long
Published: December 2011

A phenolic foam(PF) with excellent performance was prepared with the raw materials containing of non-fluorine complex foaming agent,organic and inorganic acid complex curing agent, surfactant twain-80 and self-regulating phenolic resin.The effects of curing temperature,curing agent, foaming agent on curing time,apparent density,compression strength,thermal conductivity and oxygen index of PF were investigated.The optimal technological parameters were obtained.This has important guiding significance for preparation and modification research of PF
Study on Relationship between Structural Parameter and Performance of Gas-Solid Separator
Authors: Wang Xue Ping , Zhang Zhen Wei
Published: December 2011

This paper mainly focuses on the numerical simulation of the gas flow field of cyclone separator. The authors took advanced of RSM turbulence model of software Fluent to simulate the gas field. The regulations among structure parameter of exhaust pipe, pressure lose and separation efficiency can be obtained according to the numerical simulation results under the situation of changing the structural parameters. The conclusion of this paper can put forward the theoretical reference for the structure optimization of cyclone separation.
Preparation and Properties of Corn Gluten Meal/Poly (Lactic Acid) Composite
Authors: Chen Ye , Zhang Ning , Wang Guan Yu , Du Yue , Isobe Seiichiro
Published: December 2011

Blends of Corn gluten meal (CGM) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) plasticized with glycerol, water and ethanol, were extruded into pellets using single-screw extruder, and the pellets were compression-molded into composites, and the tensile strength, water resistance, thermal stability and morphology of the composite were evaluated. The results showed that PLA reinforced the composite, improved the water resistance. The structure of composite was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was showed that PLA formed a network structure, and the modified CGM inlay in network. The result of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) considered that the composite could keep thermal stability below 180 °C.
Preparation and Performance of Controlled-Release Tablets of Sasanquasaponin
Authors: Liu Xiao Zhen , Zhu Liang Wei , Lai Zhong Fang , Guo Ling Ling , Song Ling Ling , Shi Ying Zhen
Published: December 2011

The controlled-release tablets of sasanquasaponin (SQS) were prepared by using SQS, cornstalk and chitosan as the main drug and accessories. The effect of the particle size of cornstalk on release rate was studied. The thermal stability and wet stability of the controlled-release tablets of SQS were investigated. The controlled-release tablet of SQS was characterized by IR techniques. The releasing rate of the controlled-release tablets of SQS are controlled by controlling the particle size of cornstalk. The thermal stability and wet stability of the controlled-release tablets of SQS are good. The chemical bonds are formed among SQS, cornstalk and chitosan.
Research of Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate) Modified by Calcium Lignosulfonate
Authors: Ma Han Bing , Li Yang , Li Xiu Yun
Published: December 2011

In this paper, mechanical and dielectric properties of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) modified by calcium lignosulfonate were measured. The mechanical measurement results show that the introduction of the third monomer LS could significantly reinforce and toughen PET. When LS content was increasing from 0 to 0.5%, the tensile strength of PET was increasing from 54MPa to 62MPa，resulting in an increasing rate of 15%; flexural strength was increased from 85MPa to 92MPa, resulting in an increasing rate of 8%; impact strength was increasing from 2.5KJ.m-2to 4.2 KJ.m-2, resulting in an increasing rate of 68%; but excessive content of lignin would harm mechanical properties of PET. Dielectric measurement results indicated that LS had positive effect on decreasing dielectric loss of PET while content of LS was about 0.5%. LS is an effective additive to improve mechanical and dielectric properties of PET.
Vertically Aligned CuInS2 Nanorod Arrays Prepared by Sulfurization Method with Porous Alumina Template
Authors: Wang Zhen Dong , Lai Zhen Quan , Chen Guo Rong
Published: December 2011

In this study, vertically aligned CuInS2nanorod arrays were successfully fabricated by sulfurization method with porous alumina template, which was used to prepare CuInS2thin film in the reported paper. The nanorod arrays showed the diameters of about 200nm and the length of about 1μm, and highly vertically aligned on the CuInS2thin film, were characterized by scanning electron microscope. The sample was identified as the single chalcopyrite phase and the crystal structure with (112), (200)/(004), (202)/(204) and (116)/(312) atomic planes orientation by Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The Cu: In: S atomic ratio of 1:0.84:1.94 was exhibited in the sample by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
Preparation and Application of <110> Dislocation-Free Monocrystalline Silicon by CZ Method
Authors: Zhang Xue Nan , Zhang Xu Guang , Li Jian Hong , Gao Shu Liang , Wang Yu Tian , Shen Hao Ping , Wang Ji Hui
Published: December 2011

This project studies the impact on ‹110› dislocation-free monocrystal grown by Czochralski method (hereinafter referred to as CZ) through puller's heat zone system and pulling process. Adjusting heat system appropriately, increasing pulling speed sharply, controlling the diameter and length in neck growth, controlling the speed in crown growth, increasing the length and diameter of tail, all of which are key elements to guarantee the success of ‹110› dislocation-free monocrystal pulling. The ‹110› dislocation-free monocrystal we developed under this project can be applied to optoelectronic devices for both semiconductor and solar industry. According to the verifications of the customer, the solar cell manufactured by ‹110› silicon monocrystal has unique features of ultra-thin and high efficiency. Furthermore, it can solve the problem caused by sheltering issue. Compared to traditional solar cell, silicon usage is 3 times less. As a result, it reduces the material cost dramatically.
Low Temperature Fabrication of Platinum/Carbon Black Powder Coating
Authors: Kalnaowakun Phuri , Wei Xin
Published: December 2011

Platinum/carbon black (Pt/CB) was prepared from Tetraammineplatinum (II) chloride hydrate (Pt compound), carbon black and ethyl cellulose by ultrasonic method. The effects of platinum compound loading and drying temperature on the result products were investigated. The synthesized Pt/CB powder were used for coating on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glasses and tested for electrical conductivity properties. The result products were characterized in term of chemical composition and microstructure by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope technique (SEM), EDX (JEOL,JSM 5800 LV), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) (PHILIPS PW2400) and TEM analyses.
The Application of High Pressure Electrostatic in Microcapsule Preparation
Authors: Zhang Wen Ni , Zhu Xiao Li , Zhu Chen Hui , Ma Xiao Xuan , Luo Ya Ne , Hui Jun Feng , Deng Jian Jun , Mi Yu , Fan Dai Di
Published: December 2011

High pressure electrostatic (HPE) was applied to prepare microcapsules, and the operation parameters of HPE were investigated in this paper. When ecletrocity voltage is 20 kV and the distance between two electrodes is 5 cm, the diameter of micro-beads can be around 500 μm that is the optimal diameter for dispersing in water. The release rate of BSA was coming up to 45% after 120 min in AGF and even to 89% after 240 min in AIF at 37°C to basically meet the release in full. The amount of bacteria in 2% (w/v) Na-alginate microparticles declined to 4.08 log cfu per ml which is 4 times more than that of free bifidobacteria after 120 min in AGF with incubation time by 5 log cycles.
Residual Stress and Dielectric Property of Al2O3 Films on N-Type Si-(100) Substrate
Authors: Pu Ying Dong , Tang Wu , Chao Yi Peng , Yang Yu Tong
Published: December 2011

The aluminum oxide (Al2O3) films are grown on n-type Si-(100) substrate by electron beam evaporation depending on the different substrate temperatures. The residual stress, I-V and C-V characteristics are investigated by wafer stress analyzer and capacitance meter, respectively. The results show that different temperature is important condition to the preparation of Al2O3 film. It can be concluded that the residual stress increases with increasing the substrate temperature, while the stress decreases after annealing in N2 condition. C-V characteristic curves reveal that capacitance increases while the temperature increases. It also can be found that capacitance becomes smaller in the same substrate temperature at various frequencies of 100K, 500K and 1M.
Effects of Deposition Temperatures on ZnO:Al Films Deposited on Polymer Substrates by RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Wang Xiao Jing , Li De Jun , Tao Huan Qi , Wang Jun
Published: December 2011

Aluminium doped ZnO (ZnO:Al) films were deposited on polymer substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The effects of deposition temperatures on structure and properties of films were investigated by X-ray diffractometery, Scanning electronic microscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometer, as well as Four-point Probes System. The results revealed that moderate deposition temperature was helpful to improve the crystal quality and optoelectronic properties of ZnO:Al films. The lowest resistivity of 9.5×10-3Ω•cm and the average transmittance of 76% in the visible region was obtained for the film deposited from ZnO:2wt% Al2O3 target at 75°C.
Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis of p Type Li Doped ZnO Thin Film Effect
Authors: Chiu Kuo Chuang , Wu Yu Han
Published: December 2011

Impedance spectroscopy technique was employed to characterize the LixZn1-xO2 (x=0.001~0.008) polycrystalline thin film. IS is shown to be an efficient method capable of detecting the contributions of the resistances of grains and grain boundaries resistance to the complex impedance of a compound, accurately estimating its electrical conductivity as well as its corresponding activation energies and conclude on its structural properties. This is demonstrated for the case of lithium segregation in the grain/grain boundary of LixZn1-xO2., we found that the activation energy decrease associated with grain-boundary conductivity reflects the onset of the segregation of excessive Li in the grain boundaries when the Li-content exceeds 0.5 mol%. For Li-content below 0.5mol% is the detection of a transition from p-type conductivity. It might be due to that the Li+ doped mainly in grains and no precipitation observed on the grain boundaries. So we could be process stable p type thin film for Li content below 0.5mol%.
Metal Ions Doped Complex Cobalt Blue Pigment Research
Authors: Ye Ming Quan , Han Ai Jun , Liu Zhu Bo , Wang Chen
Published: December 2011

Metal ions doped complex cobalt blue pigments are prepared by homogeneous precipitation, to investigate the effects of doping ions Zn2+，Mg2+，Ni2+and Y3+on some properties of the doped complex cobalt blue pigments, such as crystal structure, color, shading power and temperature resistance. Studies have shown that doping have little effect on the spinel crystal type and temperature resistance of the pigments ; ionic radius differences between doping ions and Co2 +cause lattice distortion and changes of lattice constant , thus affecting the ligand state spaces of Co2 +ion, color and shading power of complex cobalt blue pigment. The lattice constant of Zn2 +doped complex cobalt blue becomes larger with the increasing amount of Zn2 +; while doping Mg2 +and Ni2 +, the crystal lattice constants become smaller; when doping with Y3 +, Y3 +ions enter into CoAl2O4lattice, replacing some hexa-coordinate octahedral gap of Al3 +, ionic radius differences between Y3 +and Al3+cause lattice distortion, when doping amount of Y3 +increases to a certain extent, the phase in the form of Y2O3will be generated and it will maybe form a kind of CoYxAl2-xO4- Y2O3solid solution instead of the complete spinel structure.
Fabrication of TiO2/Cu Composite Photocatalyst Thin Film by 2-Step Mechanical Coating Technique and its Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Lu Yun , Hao Liang , Toh Keisuke , Yoshida Hiroyuki
Published: December 2011

A novel TiO2/Cu composite photocatalyst thin film was successfully fabricated by 2-step Mechanical Coating Technique (2-step MCT). The composite photocatalyst thin film was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), among others. The formation process of Cu thin film and TiO2/Cu composite photocatalyst thin film were also examined. The results revealed that the formation of Cu thin film can fall into the following stages: nucleation, growth of nuclei and connection, formation and thickening of continuous thin film, and the exfoliation of thin film. In addition, TiO2/Cu composite thin film had a composite microstructure of TiO2islands coated on Cu thin film. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Cu composite photocatalyst thin film was evaluated by measuring the degradation rate of methylene blue (MB). Enhancement on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2was confirmed. The improvement of the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Cu composite photocatalyst thin film should result from the increase of the charge separation efficiency and the mass increase of TiO2in the composite thin film.
The Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Property of K2La2Ti3O10
Authors: Cui Wen Quan , Qi Yue Li , Hu Jin Shan , Liang Ying Hua
Published: December 2011

The layered K2La2Ti3O10photocatalyst was synthesized via a stearic acid method. The structure of the photocatalyst was determined by means of powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic properties for hydrogen evolution of the photocatalyst were examined under ultraviolet irradiation. The results showed that, the sample which synthesized under 1000°C for 2 h via stearic acid method has the highest crystallinity and the amount of photocatalytic hydrogen production activity was 6.43 mmol/(g cat) under UV light irradiation for three hours.
Waterborne Polyurethane: Effect of Functional Groups in Aromatic Isocyanate and the Chain Length of Hydroxyl Terminated Natural Rubber
Authors: Kaenhin Lalita , Klinpituksa Pairote , Rungvichaniwat Adisai , Pilard Jean Francois
Published: December 2011

Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) has its main applications in coatings and adhesives. Compared with the competing PU products from solvent-based processes, it has a more environmentally friendly manufacturing process. Its economic competitiveness could also be improved by the use of aromatic isocyanates that are widely available and cheaper than the currently used aliphatic isocyanates. We report on the synthesis and properties of WPU, based on natural rubber (NR) whose molecular structure has been altered, in combination with an aromatic isocyanate. The NR modification is by hydroxyl termination, with experiments using two chain lengths (HT600 and HT1000, named after molecular weight). The aromatic isocyanates used are 4,4’-Methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (p-MDI). The synthesized chemical structure is characterized using ATR-FTIR, while the key material properties reported here are the pH value, mean particle size and size distribution, and glass transition temperature. The WPU achieved suitable material properties, with small particles sizes and good dispersion, for applications in coatings.
Enthalpy Relaxation during Non-Isothermal Crystallization from the Melt of Polymer: For IPP as Example
Authors: Wang Feng
Published: December 2011

The enthalpy relaxation rate (rh) is defined by enthalpy change in unit time to describe non-isothermal crystallization behavior of iPP from its melt. Dates of rhare transformed from those of heat flow rate which are collected by means of DSC directly. The curve by plotting with rhto time indicates that the process of non-isothermal crystallization can be separated into two stages by the time point of inflection at rhcurve. The two stages are called stage Ⅰand stage Ⅱ. The curve of rhis differentiated and the curve of Ahproduced. There are two time inflection point in curve of Ah. Combined different trends of rhand Ahduring the whole process, the non-isothermal crystallization are further separated into four sub-stages, which are called stage Ⅰ1, stage Ⅰ2, stage Ⅱ1and stage Ⅱ2. The critical values of time and relative crystallization degree which divide the process of non-isothermal crystallization of iPP are present. It provides one new method to uncover the details of non-isothermal crystallization process.
Study on the Dynamic Radial Tensile Test Method of Thin-Walled Tube Structure with Special Ring Section
Authors: Song Bao Yong , Suo Tao , Hou Bing
Published: December 2011

Combined with numerical simulation, a radial-directional dynamic tensile experimental method was proposed based on conventional split Hopkinson tensile bar(SHTB) for a thin-walled tube structure with special ring section. A special clamp was designed and a hollow transmission bar was used to magnify the transmission signals. For the stainless steel thin-walled tube structure, some dynamic tensile experiments are implemented under different strain rates. The results show that this test method is applicable to thin-walled tube structure with special ring section. This structure has a long plastic stage and its fracture strain is reduced with strain rate increasing. Moreover, its tensile strength is obviously enhanced with strain rate increasing
Influence of Laser Power on the Microstructure and Anti-Corrosion Performance of LHPS NiCrAlY Coatings
Authors: Li Shu Qing , Gong Shui Li , Duan Yu Ping , Liu Shun Hua
Published: December 2011

The NiCrAlY coatings were deposited on 38CrMoAl substrate by a laser hybrid plasma spraying (LHPS) technology in this study. The coatings’ microstructures and anti-corrosion performances with different laser power were characterized using an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope, and the Neutral Salt Spray(NSS) test. The test results indicate that the laser power has great effect on the microstructure and performances of the LHPS coatings. And when the laser power is appropriate, it can make the coating has more compact and homogeneous microstructure, exhibit less porosities or micro-cracks, higher bonding strength and more excellent anti-corrosion performance.
A Study on the Fatigue Life Prediction for Bending Pipe
Authors: Park Soo , Kwon Hui Hwan , Koo Jae Mean , Seok Chang Sung , Jung Du Han , Mo Jin Yong
Published: December 2011

Mechanical structures with power sources experience repeated force produced by motors. As a result, the life of the pipes reduces and ultimately, the pipes collapse. In most cases, the U-shape pipe is made from a straight pipe by complicated bending work. During this work process, plastic deformation of the pipe produces residual stress in the pipe. The residual stress significantly affects the fracture behavior of the pipe. In this paper, fatigues tests of U-shape bending pipe are performed by uniaxial testing machine and residual stresses were evaluated by FEM analysis. So we established the relation between residual stress and fatigue life. And we suggested new equation for fatigue life prediction using the residual stress of U-shape bending pipe.
Compression after Impact Performance of Composite Stiffened Panels
Authors: Sun Zhe , Xu Fei , Xie Wei , Wang Bo
Published: December 2011

Composite stiffened panels are widely used in the modern aircraft structure with the advantages of light weight, structural efficiency and good crack performance. But the stiffened panels have poor performance at thickness direction, especially for low-velocity impact. First of all, compressive tests were investigated and analyzed for two types of composite stiffened panels, which are integrated specimens and post-impact specimens. And the effect of low-velocity impact to the supporting capacity of composite stiffened panels was researched. Secondly，the finite element model was established to simulate the CAI (Compression After Impact)strength with the equivalent hole method. It is found that the analyze results match the experimental results well. According to the experimental results, structural damage and the maximum load caused by impact energy are scattering. Then the imperfect factors were introduced to reflect the initial imperfection, namely the initial deflection at thickness direction. The effect of different imperfect factors to the maximum load was discussed.