bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First-in-Human Phase I Study of the Liposomal RNA Interference Therapeutic Atu027 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Schultheis Beate , Strumberg Dirk , Santel Ansgar , Vank Christiane , Gebhardt Frank , Keil Oliver , Lange Christian , Giese Klaus , Kaufmann Jörg , Khan Michael , Drevs Joachim
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Atu027 is a novel liposomal RNA interference therapeutic that includes a short-interfering RNA (siRNA), which silences expression of protein kinase N3 in the vascular endothelium. Atu027 has previously been shown to inhibit local tumor invasion as well as lymph node and pulmonary metastasis in mouse cancer models. This first-in-human study aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of Atu027 while evaluating therapeutic effects on both primary tumors and metastatic lesions.

Patients and Methods

Thirty-four patients with advanced solid tumors received 10 escalating doses of Atu027 without premedication, as one single followed by eight intravenous infusions twice per week during a 28-day cycle. Response was monitored by computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, at the end of treatment (EoT), and at final follow-up (EoS), and was assessed according to RECIST.

Results

Atu027 was well tolerated up to dose levels of 0.336 mg/kg; most adverse events (AEs) were low-grade toxicities (grade 1 or 2). No maximum tolerated dose was reached. Plasma levels of siRNA strands and lipids were dose proportional, peaking during 4-hour infusion. Disease stabilization was achieved in 41% of patients at EoT (n = 14 of 34 treated patients); eight patients had stable disease at EoS, and some experienced complete or partial regression of metastases. sFLT1 (soluble variant of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1) decreased from pretreatment levels in most patients after dose levels 04 to 10.

Conclusion

Atu027 was safe in patients with advanced solid tumors, with 41% of patients having stable disease for at least 8 weeks. In view of these results, further clinical trials have been initiated, and sFLT1 will be investigated as a potential biomarker.
RBPJ in mouse Sertoli cells is required for proper regulation of the testis stem cell niche
Authors: Garcia Thomas Xavier , Farmaha Jaspreet Kaur , Kow Sean , Hofmann Marie-Claude
Published: November 2014

Stem cells are influenced by their surrounding microenvironment, or niche. In the testis, Sertoli cells are the key niche cells directing the population size and differentiation fate of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Failure to properly regulate SSCs leads to infertility or germ cell hyperplasia. Several Sertoli cell-expressed genes, such as Gdnf and Cyp26b1, have been identified as being indispensable for the proper maintenance of SSCs in their niche, but the pathways that modulate their expression have not been identified. Although we have recently found that constitutively activating NOTCH signaling in Sertoli cells leads to premature differentiation of all prospermatogonia and sterility, suggesting that there is a crucial role for this pathway in the testis stem cell niche, a true physiological function of NOTCH signaling in Sertoli cells has not been demonstrated. To this end, we conditionally ablated recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region (Rbpj), a crucial mediator of NOTCH signaling, in Sertoli cells using Amh-cre. Rbpj knockout mice had: significantly increased testis sizes; increased expression of niche factors, such as Gdnf and Cyp26b1; significant increases in the number of pre- and post-meiotic germ cells, including SSCs; and, in a significant proportion of mice, testicular failure and atrophy with tubule lithiasis, possibly due to these unsustainable increases in the number of germ cells. We also identified germ cells as the NOTCH ligand-expressing cells. We conclude that NOTCH signaling in Sertoli cells is required for proper regulation of the testis stem cell niche and is a potential feedback mechanism, based on germ cell input, that governs the expression of factors that control SSC proliferation and differentiation.
An interview with Christopher Wylie and Janet Heasman
Authors: Grewal Seema
Published: November 2014

The 2014 Society for Developmental Biology (SDB) Lifetime Achievement Award was jointly awarded to Christopher Wylie and Janet Heasman in recognition of their outstanding and sustained contributions to the field. At the 73rd Annual SDB meeting, where they were presented with the award, we asked Chris and Janet about their careers and their advice for young researchers.
Initiation codon selection is accomplished by a scanning mechanism without crucial initiation factors in Sindbis virus subgenomic mRNA
Authors: Garcia-Moreno Manuel , Sanz Miguel Angel , Carrasco Luis
Published: November 2014

Translation initiation of alphavirus subgenomic mRNA (sgmRNA) can occur in the absence of several initiation factors (eIFs) in infected cells; however, the precise translation mechanism is still poorly understood. In this study, we have examined the mechanism of initiation and AUG selection in Sindbis virus (SINV) sgmRNA. Our present findings suggest that sgmRNA is translated via a scanning mechanism, since the presence of a hairpin structure before the initiation codon hampers protein synthesis directed by this mRNA. In addition, translation is partially recovered when an in-frame AUG codon is placed upstream of this hairpin. This scanning process takes place without the participation of eIF4A and active eIF2. These results, combined with our findings through modifying the SINV sgmRNA leader sequence, do not support the possibility of a direct initiation from the start codon without previous scanning, or a shunting mechanism. Moreover, studies carried out with sgmRNAs containing two alternative AUG codons within a good context for translation reveal differences in AUG selection which are dependent on the cellular context and the phosphorylation state of eIF2α. Thus, initiation at the additional AUG is strictly dependent on active eIF2, whereas the genuine AUG codon can start translation following eIF2α inactivation. Collectively, our results suggest that SINV sgmRNA is translated by a scanning mechanism without the potential participation of crucial eIFs. A model is presented that explains the mechanism of initiation of mRNAs bearing two alternative initiation codons.
Institutional Logics and Interorganizational Learning in Technological Arenas: Evidence from Standard-Setting Organizations in the Mobile Handset Industry
Authors: Vasudeva Gurneeta , Alexander Elizabeth A. , Jones Stephen L.
Published: November 2014

Conceptualizing standard-setting organizations (SSOs) as technological arenas within which firms from different countries interact and learn, we offer insights into the interplay between firms’ institutional logics and their interorganizational learning outcomes. We suggest that firms’ interorganizational learning is embedded in their macrolevel country contexts, characterized by more corporatist versus less corporatist (pluralist) institutional logics. Whereas corporatism spurs coordinated approaches, pluralism engenders competitive interactions that affect the extent to which firms span organizational and technological boundaries and learn from each other. We test our theory using longitudinal analysis of 181 dyads involving 26 firms participating in 17 SSOs in the global mobile handset industry. We find that interorganizational learning, as measured by patent citations, involving corporatist firm dyads significantly increases when the dominant logic within the arena is also corporatist. By making cooperative schemas more accessible, a dominant corporatist logic also enhances interorganizational learning across technologically distant dyads. When a pluralist logic dominates the arena, corporatist dyads learn less because firms in the dyad activate a contradictory logic that decouples them from their natural processes for interorganizational learning. These findings highlight the implications of institutional logics for interorganizational learning outcomes and provide insights into how firms attend to institutional contradictions in arenas that provide opportunities for interorganizational learning.
Commentary—Making Sense of Higher Education’s Future: An Economics and Operations Perspective
Authors: Harker Patrick T.
Published: November 2014

The increasing cost of higher education is a growing national concern, and the failure of universities to address it adequately has drawn a great deal of criticism from politicians, the media, and the public. There have been numerous efforts at reform, but few clear solutions. This paper applies lessons from decades of research into the economics and effective design and management of service organizations to propose models for changing the university.
The Influence of Online Reputation and Product Heterogeneity on Service Firm Financial Performance
Authors: Anderson Chris K. , Lawrence Benjamin
Published: November 2014

Using two proprietary data sets, ReviewPro’s Global Review Index and Smith Travel Research’s performance database, we examine the influence of online review scores on service firm financial performance. We conceptualize online reviews as a measure of a service firm’s reputation and demonstrate that higher scores have a positive relationship to a hotel’s financial performance as measured by revenue per available room (RevPAR). We demonstrate that a 1% increase in a hotel’s online reputation score is related to a 0.99% increase in RevPAR. We also demonstrate that naturally occurring differences in the heterogeneity of different product classes moderates the relationship between review score and performance. The influence of online reviews monotonically decreases as the hotel class level increases (e.g., upscale hotels are less affected by reviews scores than midscale hotels). We also demonstrate that when controlling for occupancy, online consumer review ratings have a greater influence on a firm’s pricing power (average daily rate) for service/product categories with more depth, i.e., for products positioned within categories of diverse offerings. As a robustness check, we examine the influence of scores at the individual rather than aggregate level by using choice data from a major North American travel agency. Replicating our aggregate results, choice data affirm the positive impact of review scores on hotel selection as well as the moderating role of hotel type.
Educating and empowering colorectal cancer survivors
Authors: Pereira Nuno
Published: November 2014

With the number of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors increasing worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify nursing interventions that promote the improvement of the nursing care delivered, enabling autonomy and independence to CRC survivors. This article attempts to identify nursing interventions that promote the education of CRC survivors after treatment completion with curative intent. After analysing the 177 articles found, on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria established, 4 articles were included in the review. The nursing interventions identified included a multimedia education programme, a structured telephone follow-up conducted by an experienced nurse specialist, and a 17-item patient-completed continuity assessment with feedback to clinical nurse specialists and actions to address the needs identified. It is essential to develop nursing research in this area, identifying nursing interventions and promoting the selfcare, autonomy, and improvement of the quality of life of CRC survivors.
La casa de Norman y Wendy Foster en Hampstead
Authors: Solé Bravo Carlos
Published: November 2014

Entre 1978 y 1979, Norman y Wendy Foster proyectan su propia vivienda en el barrio londinense de Hampstead. El proyecto más personal de los Foster permite —como en tantos otros casos— rastrear los referentes, obsesiones, sueños y frustraciones de sus autores.Este proyecto representa el primer y único intento de aplicación en el campo de la arquitectura doméstica de un modelo, denominado por Reyner Banham “la nave bien servida”, que utiliza la integración de sistemas como principal estrategia proyectual.Los 18 meses de intenso trabajo reflejan, a través de las múltiples opciones desarrolladas, la evolución de la obra de la pareja de arquitectos, que avanza desde el funcionalismo fabril de la “nave bien servida”, hacia el expresionismo tecnológico del denominado High-Tech.En los motivos del fracaso del proyecto, que no llegaría a construirse, subyacen los debates y conflictos —entre arquitectura e ingeniería, prefabricación y artesanía, expresionismo y funcionalismo— en los que el estudio se encuentra inmerso a finales de los años 70, y que precipitarán una nueva forma de entender la relación entre arquitectura y tecnología.
¿Cómo mirar un templo griego desde la modernidad? Instrucciones para graduar las gafas
Authors: Miralles Jori Roger
Published: November 2014

Entender la mirada hacia la arquitectura clásica de los modernos de la mano de Martienssen. Gracias a las enseñanzas de Le Corbusier –al que reconoce como maestro-, Martienssen escribe The Idea of Space in Greek Architecture y es este el libro que nos dará a conocer cómo mirar desde la modernidad a los clásicos. El artículo repasa los elementos claves en los que Martienssen se fija para analizar el templo griego que son los elementos plásticos que también tendría en cuenta si de un edificio moderno se tratara: La relación del edificio con el entorno, cómo el edificio resuelve la función a la que está destinado, cuál es el efecto plástico de la repetición de un elemento, y como el edificio se relaciona con el suelo. Todos ellos elementos que tienen que ver con la percepción que tendrá un visitante de esta arquitectura.
La cerámica de barniz negro itálica en el territorium de la antigua ciudad romana de Consabvra (Consuegra, Toledo)
Authors: Palencia García Juan Francisco , Rodríguez López-Cano Diego
Published: November 2014

El objetivo fundamental de este estudio consiste en mostrar el periodo de cambios que trajo la conquista romana de la Meseta Sur y su posterior romanización (s. III a.C.– s. I a.C.). Creemos que, durante esta etapa tardorrepublicana, se produjeron importantes transformaciones en el territorio de las ciudades de la zona, relacionadas a su vez con el decisivo conflicto sertoriano (82 a.C– 72 a.C.) y la cerámica de barniz negro itálica. Y todo ello, tomando como base el estudio de una ciudad romana y su amplio territorio: Consabura (Consuegra, Toledo).
El monumento funerario romano de la Torre de Sant Josep de Villajoyosa (Alicante). Nuevos datos y propuesta de restitución
Authors: Ruiz-Alcalde Diego , Charquero Ballester Ana María
Published: November 2014

Este artículo tiene como objeto la presentación de los resultados de las intervenciones arqueológicas realizadas en el monumento romano de la Torre de Sant Josep en la última década. Éstas han permitido conocer en profundidad las técnicas constructivas empleadas en la edificación del monumento, las fases de ocupación de la torre y su entorno inmediato, así como el significado del monumento en el contexto de la arqueología romana de Villajoyosa. El levantamiento fotogramétrico tanto de la torre como de los elementos arquitectónicos existentes en los alrededores ha permitido elaborar una propuesta de reconstrucción virtual del monumento con los sillares originales. La propuesta contenida en este trabajo ha servido de base para la realización del Proyecto de Restauración de la Torre cuyo fin será la puesta en valor de una de las torres funerarias mejor conservadas de Hispania.
Sigillatas hispánicas con graffiti
Authors: Montesinos i Martínez Josep
Published: November 2014

Análisis de 4 grafitos con textos latinos de la Hispania romana escritos en terra sigillata.
Un ara dedicada a los dracones hallada en Saguntum (Valencia)
Authors: Aranegui Gascó Carmen , Hernández Hervás Emilia
Published: November 2014

Presentación de la primera dedicación votiva a los dragones de la epigrafía latina hispánica inscrita sobre una pequeña ara romana de Saguntum e hipótesis de interpretación de la misma.
Role of sVEGFR1 in the development of complications in pregnant women with antenatal fetal death anamnesis record
Authors: Nevolina Anna , Safonova Natalia , Proskura Maria
Published: November 2014

Background
sVEGFR1 is a hypoxia influenced growth factor, involved in the endothelial dysfunction characterizing the pregnancy disorder of preeclampsia.

Objective
Determine correlation between dynamic pattern of sVEGFR1 serum concentration and complications in pregnant women with antenatal fetal death history for timely diagnosis.

Materials and Methods
A total of 35 women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in the study group and 30 women in the control group. The study group was divided into 3 subgroups: subgroup #1: pregnant women, with no placental insufficiency (n=21), subgroup #2 - pregnant women with PI (n=8), subgroup #3 - pregnant women with PI resulting in preeclampsia(n=6). The control group comprised 30 pregnant women with uncomplicated childbirth. sVEGFR1 concentration was estimated in maternal serum by means of enzyme multiplied immune assay Quantikine (R and D systems, USA and Canada). Statistical data was assessed by SPSS statistics. Package was used to perform all the statistical analysis. The conventional p0,05 was used to assess statistical significance.

Results
Average age of women in the study group was 28,44,7 years, in the control group 27,74,7 years. A physiological sVEGFR1 serum concentration was observed in the subgroup #1. As well as that, this group demonstrated concordant to the healthy pregnant women fluctuations of sVEGRF1 serum concentration. However, sVEGRF1 level was 1,2 fold less than in the control group during 29-32, 33-36 weeks of pregnancy. It was statistically proven, that fluctuations in sVEGRF1 serum concentration in the subgroup #2 were similar to the ones in the control group. No statistically significant changes of sVEGRF1 serum concentration compared to the control group were detected in the subgroup #3 up to the 28th week of pregnancy. However, a 1,5 fold increase of sVEGFR1 concentration was observed in the subgroup #3 (p<0,005) in comparison with the control group (1586358 pg/ml, 2347519 pg/ml, 36951547 pg/ml during 29-32, 33-36, >37 weeks of pregnancy, respectively). Control group demonstrated physiological concentration of sVEGRF1 throughout the pregnancy.

Conclusion
Changes in sVEGFR1 serum concentration were statistically significant in the group of pregnant women with PI, resulting in preeclampsia. Moreover, they were detected 3-4 weeks prior to clinical symptoms, providing opportunity for timely diagnosis and prevention measures.
Chronic pathologies' epidemiology in irregular immigrants in Northern Italy
Authors: Vecchio Matteo , Bertone Alessandra , Geni Francesca , Esposito Pasquale
Published: November 2014

Background
Schengen Agreement grants easier international movements within Europe, and the still ongoing enlargement of Schengen Area (Romania, Croatia and Bulgaria will probably join it in the next few years) is expected to enhance migratory fluxes towards Italy. According to European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research, there is a widespread lack of information about migrants health needs and access to services, which is necessary to provide them better health care.

It is known that both Italians and immigrants mainly suffer of chronic pathologies, but more specific data are poor in Italy. Therefore, the aim of the study is to analyse the epidemiology of chronic diseases (CD) in undocumented immigrants in the province of Pavia (Northern Italy), in which irregular immigration is a spreading phenomenon.

Methods
Data were collected from patients referring to STP (Strangers Temporarily Present) Clinic, which is managed by volunteer doctors and medical students, and provides free health care for irregular immigrants in Pavia province.
According to WHO indications we classified CD in: hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes and degenerative osteoarthropaties. Data are expressed as absolute number; OR [95%CI] and chi squared test were used for prevalence correlations.

Results
Complete data were available for 259 patients (156 women, 103 men), with mean age 46.416.9 years, visited for the first time at STP Clinic 2.91.7 years ago.
Patients were Caucasians (164), Africans (75), Americans (14) and Asians (6).

Total number of CD cases was 203.
CD were diagnosed in 140 subjects, of whom:
95 (45.9% of patients with CD) affected by only 1 CD;
43 (36.7%) by 2-3 CD;
2 (0.8%) by 4 or more CD.

Hypertension affects the largest group of patients: 61 (23.6% of all subjects), followed by:
osteoarthropaties: 53 (20.5%); diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, each of them 26 (10.0%); cancer: 24 (9.3%); respiratory diseases: 13 (5.8%).

Prevalence of CD is influenced by age: the probability of being affected in patients >65 years of age is significantly higher than in the group between 18 and 65 years: OR 2.62 [1.21-5.67; p=0.01].

Conclusion
Chronic diseases prevalence in irregular immigrants (54.1%) is considerably higher than the epidemiologic expectancy among Italian population of the same area (36.9%). These results show that Pavia province Health Systems efforts should focus on prevention and follow-up of CD also even more in undocumented immigrants.
Apolipoprotein C-III's role in cardiovascular diseases, a short review
Authors: Emilian Olteanu G.
Published: November 2014

In this short review I show the important role played by ApoC-III in the lipid dysregulation present in the majority of cardiovascular diseases. With an emphasis on the mutations present in a minority of individuals that confer protection. With this in mind I state that Apoc-III should be considered a valid target for pharmaceutical intervention and cardiovascular disease control and progression.
Clinical laboratories: production industry or medical services?
Authors: Plebani Mario
Published: November 2014

The current failure to evidence any link between laboratory tests, clinical decision-making and patient outcomes, and the scarcity of financial resources affecting healthcare systems worldwide, have put further pressure on the organization and delivery of laboratory services. Consolidation, merger, and laboratory downsizing have been driven by the need to deliver economies of scale and cut costs per test while boosting productivity. Distorted economics, based on payment models rewarding volume and efficiency rather than quality and clinical effectiveness, have underpinned the entrance of clinical laboratories into the production industry thus forcing them to relinquish their original mission of providing medical services. The sea change in laboratory medicine in recent years, with the introduction of ever newer and ever more complex tests, including ‘omics’, which impact on clinical decision-making, should encourage clinical laboratories to return to their original mission as long as payments models are changed. Rather than being considered solely in terms of costs, diagnostic testing must be seen in the context of an entire hospital stay or an overall payment for a care pathway: the testing process should be conceived as a part of the patient’s entire journey.
Plasma-chemical modifications of cellulose
for biomedical applications
Authors: Pavliňák David , Švachová Veronika , Vojtek Libor , Zarzycká Jana , Hyršl Pavel , Alberti Milan , Vojtová Lucy
Published: November 2014

A 6-carboxycellulose (in medicine known as “oxidized cellulose” or “oxycellulose”) is one of the cellulose derivatives popular in the field of surgery. Health products based on oxidized cellulose are great local hemostatics with unique bactericidal and fully bioabsorbable effects. Traditional process of native cellulose oxidation is described as a complex radical reaction in strong acidic liquid medium doped by toxic nitrous radicals (NO*). Our plasma-chemical reaction demonstrates a new synthesis method of oxidized cellulose with unique bactericidal effect. This plasma-chemical treatment is based on atmospheric plasma discharge in liquid medium leading to the oxidation of polysaccharide molecules resulting in oxycellulose. Final oxycellulose properties were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy and carboxyl content determination. The biological impact showed a strong germicidal effect.
Influence of microwave plasma parameters on light emission from SiV color centers in nanocrystalline diamond films
Authors: Himics László , Tóth Sára , Veres Miklós , Csíkvári Péter , Koós Margit
Published: November 2014

Zero phonon line (ZPL) shape, position and integral intensity of SiV defect center in diamond is presented for nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films grown at different conditions, NCD films of average grain sizes from ~50 nm up to ~180 nm have been deposited onto c-Si wafer at substrate temperature of 700 and 850oC from mixture with different CH4 and H2 ratios using MWCVD process. Light emission of SiV defect center and Raman scattering properties of NCD samples were measured on a Renishaw micro-Raman spectrometer with 488 nm excitation. Scanning electron microscopy images were used for monitoring surface morphology and for the analysis of the average grain sizes. Sample thickness was determined by in situ laser reflection interferometry. Characteristics of SiV ZPL are discussed in light of the morphology, bonding structure and average grain size of NCD films.
Influence of Hot Bed Spray Dryer Parameters on Physical Properties of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Tea Powder
Authors: Fakher Dizaji Mohsen , HamidiSepehr Ali , Chegini Gholamreza , Khazaei Javad , Mansuri Ali
Published: November 2014

In this study, the effects of some processing parameters on moisture content, drying yield, bulk density, solubility and particle size of peppermint tea powders obtained from a hot bed spray dryer were investigated. In this method of drying, a heated bed is used instead of heated air to simplify spouted bed drying method and lower the cost of drying. A wheel rotary atomizer was employed for spraying of material and a frustum-shaped bed heated by thermal elements was applied around the atomizer. Independent variables were bed temperature (130, 140 and 150°C), feed flow rate (10, 20 and 30 L/h) and rotary speed of atomizer (7,000, 12,000 and 16,000 rpm). The moisture content of dried tea powders ranged from 3.13 to 4.87%. The highest drying yield (87.23%) and solubility (89.6%) were obtained at the bed temperature of 130°C and feed flow rate of 10 L/h.
Avoiding the prenatal programming effects of glucocorticoids: are there alternative treatments for the induction of antenatal lung maturation?
Authors: Justus Georgia , Sloboda Deborah Magdalena , Henrich Wolfgang , Plagemann Andreas , Dudenhausen Joachim Wolfram , Braun Thorsten
Published: November 2014

The long-term outcomes of antenatal glucocorticoids (GCs) vary between reports, and have generated controversy in terms of repeated and single-course events, causing irreversible effects on endocrine set points.

This study aimed to assess the effects of alternative therapeutic agents other than synthetic glucocorticoid GC administration for fetal lung maturation.

A review of literature from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted to assess the use of alternative therapies to synthetic GCs using recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA). End points included the rates of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), mRNA expression for pneumocyte type II, concentration of surfactant proteins in alveolar lavage, morphological differences, histological proof of lung maturation, and angiogenesis or quantification of the surfactant pool.

In all 41 studies examined, we found that ambroxol showed positive effects on lung maturation, but it has yet to be analyzed with sufficient significance in humans. Interleukins and TNF-alpha produce accelerated lung maturation, but have only been evaluated in basic research/experimental studies. Growth factors promote structural and functional growth in all phases of lung maturation, but little is known about their reciprocal effects and exact mechanisms as therapeutics. Thyroid releasing hormone or vitamin A cause detrimental side effects or were less effective for lung maturation.

The efficacy and safety of these alternative agents are differentiated and none up to now can be recommended as an alternative to GCs.
Az Erzsébet Tudományegyetem alapítása, a pozsonyi és budapesti évek története
Authors: Lengvári István
Published: November 2014

This paper presents the events before the foundation period and the creation of the new law concerning the new universities of Pozsony and Debrecen in 1912. The author describes the first years of the Erzsébet University of Pozsony based on archival sources. The implementation of the plans were roughly destroyed by the events of the First World War and the university was forced to flee to Budapest. There it collaborated with the University Kolozsvár and found temporary operational space before it moved to Pécs in 1923. 
Fotó: Pécsi Egyetemtörténeti Gyűjtemény
Az Egyetemi Könyvtár mint az egyetemtörténeti kutatások műhelye
Authors: F. Dárdai Ágnes
Published: November 2014

A Pécsi Tudományegyetem Egyetemi Könyvtára 1923-tól gondozza a Klimo György püspök által 1774-ben alapított nyilvános püspöki bibliotékát. Ez a könyvállomány képezte a Pozsonyból Pécsre áthelyezett Magyar Királyi Erzsébet Tudományegyetem könyvtárának alapját, és jelenleg is ez a legnagyobb különgyűjteményünk. Így könyvtárunk a 20. század eleji kezdetektől fogva nemcsak a modern, hanem egy jelentős, több évszázadot átölelő történeti könyvgyűjteménynek is őrzője. A Klimo Könyvtár az eredeti alapítási szándék szerint a Pécsett felállítandó universitas szakkönyvtárának létesült, megvalósulására azonban 1923-ig kellett a városnak várnia. A Pécsi Egyetemi Könyvtár ekként a kezdetektől a helyi egyetemtörténeti kutatások egyik műhelye. A könyvtár a történeti értékű könyvgyűjtemény mellett a Pécsi Egyetemtörténeti Múzeumnak is gazdája, melynek feladata a mai egyetem és jogelőd intézményei relikviáinak felkutatása, gyűjtése, továbbá tárgyainak szakszerű gondozása. 
Fotó: Pécsi Egyetemtörténeti Gyűjtemény
In Search of Machaut’s Poietics
Authors: Stokes Jordan
Published: November 2014

Guillaume de Machaut’s Le Remede de Fortune has often been described as a didactic work addressed to would-be poets. This essay argues that the Remede also should be read as an implicit work of rhetorical and musical instruction. To this end, the Remede is placed in dialogue with Machaut’s more explicit account of the creative process in the Prologue, with other romans à chansons, such as Nicole de Margival’s Dit de la panthère d'amours, and with medieval theories of rhetoric and music, eventually arriving at a rhetorical reading of the Remede's large-scale structure, a didactic reading of the work's musical interpolations, and a fresh insight into Machaut's understanding of his own creative process.
A Jewish Female Cannibal in Two Seventeenth-Century Cantatas
Authors: Harrán Don
Published: November 2014

Laments were frequent in both cantatas and operas in the seventeenth century. The two emotions expressed in the lament were those that Aristotle connected with the essence of tragedy, namely, pity (on the fate of the one who laments) and fear (lest the observer share the same fate). Fear turns to fright in two mid-seventeenth century cantatas, in which a Jewish mother cooks her son, eats his flesh, and licks his blood in order to relieve her hunger, then bemoans her act in a lament. The present study describes examples of laments and female cannibals in Scriptures, identifies the particular female cannibal of the cantatas as Mary of Eleazar in Flavius Josephus’s The Jewish War, discusses the authors of the text and the composers of the cantatas, concluding with the relationship of the texts to the music. Following Aristotle’s notions of pity and fear, authors and composers maneuver between the contrary feelings of pathos and disgust in the cantatas. The full text of both cantatas appears in the appendix.
Growing Old Together
Authors: Goldstein Amanda Jo
Published: November 2014

This essay explores Percy Shelley’s The Triumph of Life as a strategic revival of Lucretian poetic science: a materialism fit to connect the epochal, romantic interest in biological life to the period’s pressing new sense of its own historicity. Shelley mobilizes Lucretian natural simulacra to show how personal bodies produce and integrate passages of historical time, exercising a poetics of transience that resists the triumphalism characteristic of both historiography and vitalist biology in the post-Waterloo period. Representing aging faces as mutable registers of the “living storm” of a post-Napoleonic interval, The Triumph depicts the face-giving trope of prosopopoeia as the unintended work of multitudes—demonstrating a nineteenth-century possibility of thinking biological, historical, and rhetorical materialisms together.
Making ends meet: a role of RNA ligase RTCB in unfolded protein response
Authors: Filipowicz Witold
Published: November 2014

The unfolded protein response (UPR) monitors the protein folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum. One of the UPR branches includes an unusual cytoplasmic splicing reaction leading to removal of an intron from an mRNA encoding a key UPR transcription factor. The cleavage step of the process is well characterized in both yeast and animals, but the animal enzyme responsible for exon ligation has remained a mystery. Recent reports, including a paper in this issue of The EMBO Journal, identify RTCB as the RNA ligase operating during UPR in mammals and C. elegans.
Symmetric Basal Ganglia Lesion in a Diabetic Dialysis Patient: Recurrence and Pathogenesis
Authors: Finelli Pasquale F
Published: November 2014

Summary

This paper describes a diabetic dialysis patient presenting two episodes of symmetric basal ganglia lesions occurring 18 months apart, and discusses the MR imaging findings and the pathogenesis of this condition.
Cyber Dating Abuse Among Teens Using School-Based Health Centers
Authors: Dick Rebecca N. , McCauley Heather L. , Jones Kelley A. , Tancredi Daniel J. , Goldstein Sandi , Blackburn Samantha , Monasterio Erica , James Lisa , Silverman Jay G. , Miller Elizabeth
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the prevalence of cyber dating abuse among youth aged 14 to 19 years seeking care at school-based health centers and associations with other forms of adolescent relationship abuse (ARA), sexual violence, and reproductive and sexual health indicators.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the 2012–2013 school year (participant n = 1008). Associations between cyber dating abuse and study outcomes were assessed via logistic regression models for clustered survey data.

RESULTS:

Past 3-month cyber dating abuse was reported by 41.4% of this clinic-based sample. More female than male participants reported cyber dating abuse victimization (44.6% vs 31.0%). Compared with no exposure, low- (“a few times”) and high-frequency (“once or twice a month” or more) cyber dating abuse were significantly associated with physical or sexual ARA (low: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–4.4; high: aOR 5.4, 95% CI 4.0–7.5) and nonpartner sexual assault (low: aOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3–5.5; high: aOR 4.1, 95% CI 2.8–5.9). Analysis with female participants found an association between cyber dating abuse exposure and contraceptive nonuse (low: aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7; high: aOR 4.1, 95% CI 2.0–8.4) and reproductive coercion (low: aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4–6.2; high: aOR 5.7, 95% CI 2.8–11.6).

CONCLUSIONS:

Cyber dating abuse is common and associated with ARA and sexual assault in an adolescent clinic-based sample. The associations of cyber dating abuse with sexual behavior and pregnancy risk behaviors suggest a need to integrate ARA education and harm reduction counseling into sexual health assessments in clinical settings.
Preventing CLABSIs Among Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Inpatients: National Collaborative Results
Authors: Bundy David G. , Gaur Aditya H. , Billett Amy L. , He Bing , Colantuoni Elizabeth A. , Miller Marlene R.
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVES:

Central lines (CLs) are essential for the delivery of modern cancer care to children. Nonetheless, CLs are subject to potentially life-threatening complications, including central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of a multicenter effort to standardize CL care and CLABSI tracking, and to quantify the impact of standardizing these processes on CLABSI rates among pediatric hematology/oncology inpatients.

METHODS:

We conducted a multicenter quality improvement collaborative starting in November 2009. Multidisciplinary teams at participating sites implemented a standardized bundle of CL care practices and adopted a common approach to CLABSI surveillance.

RESULTS:

Thirty-two units participated in the collaborative and reported a mean, precollaborative CLABSI rate of 2.85 CLABSIs per 1000 CL-days. Self-reported adoption of the CL care bundle was brisk, with average compliance approaching 80% by the end of the first year of the collaborative and exceeding 80% thereafter. As of August 2012, the mean CLABSI rate during the collaborative was 2.04 CLABSIs per 1000 CL-days, a reduction of 28% (relative risk: 0.71 [95% confidence interval: 0.55–0.92]). Changes in self-reported CL care bundle compliance were not statistically associated with changes in CLABSI rates, although there was little variability in bundle compliance rates after the first year of the collaborative.

CONCLUSIONS:

A multicenter quality improvement collaborative found significant reductions in observed CLABSI rates in pediatric hematology/oncology inpatients. Additional interventions will likely be required to bring and sustain CLABSI rates closer to zero for this high-risk population.
Developing Competencies for Pediatric Hospice and Palliative Medicine
Authors: Klick Jeffrey C. , Friebert Sarah , Hutton Nancy , Osenga Kaci , Pituch Kenneth J. , Vesel Tamara , Weidner Norbert , Block Susan D. , Morrison Laura J.
Published: November 2014

In 2006, hospice and palliative medicine (HPM) became an officially recognized subspecialty. This designation helped initiate the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education Outcomes Project in HPM. As part of this process, a group of expert clinician–educators in HPM defined the initial competency-based outcomes for HPM fellows (General HPM Competencies). Concurrently, these experts recognized and acknowledged that additional expertise in pediatric HPM would ensure that the competencies for pediatric HPM were optimally represented. To fill this gap, a group of pediatric HPM experts used a product development method to define specific Pediatric HPM Competencies. This article describes the development process. With the ongoing evolution of HPM, these competencies will evolve. As part of the Next Accreditation System, the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education uses milestones as a framework to better define competency-based, measurable outcomes for trainees. Currently, there are no milestones specific to HPM, although the field is designing curricular milestones with multispecialty involvement, including pediatrics. These competencies are the conceptual framework for the pediatric content in the HPM milestones. They are specific to the pediatric HPM subspecialist and should be integrated into the training of pediatric HPM subspecialists. They will serve a foundational role in HPM and should inform a wide range of emerging innovations, including the next evolution of HPM Competencies, development of HPM curricular milestones, and training of adult HPM and other pediatric subspecialists. They may also inform pediatric HPM outcome measures, as well as standards of practice and performance for pediatric HPM interdisciplinary teams.
The uncovered volumes of bushmeat commercialized in the Amazonian trifrontier between Colombia, Peru & Brazil
Authors: Van Vliet Nathalie , Quiceno Mesa Maria Paula , Cruz-Antia Daniel , Neves de Aquino Lindon Jonhson , Moreno Jessica , Nasi Robert
Published: November 2014

The Importance of bushmeat trade in Amazonian towns has been very little studied, either because it is thought to be insignificant or due to the context of illegality. Based on preliminary field work to identify the main stakeholders involved and the existing trade routes, our study aimed at describing the invisible bushmeat trade using a participatory monitoring protocol in Leticia and Puerto Nariño in Colombia, Tabatinga, Benjamin Constant and Atalaia do Norte in Brazil, and Santa Rosa and Caballococha in Peru. The monitoring system included two key levels of the market chain: hunters and market traders. With the support of our research team, the hunters and traders self monitored their activities during 60 days and 20 days respectively during two hydro-climatic periods. Our study shows that the most hunted species are paca, tericaya turtle and currassows while the most commercialized species are paca, tapir, collared peccary and the red brocket deer. We registered a total of 13 tons of bushmeat captured by hunters (from 29 species) and 6.7 tons of bushmeat sold by market sellers (from 19 species). We extrapolated this data to a year and to the total numbers of stakeholders involved in the trade and found that 473 tons of bushmeat are traded per year in market places from the main Tri frontier towns, which taken to the total urban population size of the area, equals to 3.2 kg/hab/year, a number that is comparable to those found in Central African urban settings.
Psychosocial approach of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Kohlné Papp Ildikó
Published: November 2014

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most frequent endocrine disease among women of reproductive age. It is associated with increased risks of various metabolic disorders and complications. most recent data suggest that women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome are most exposed to several psychological problems. It has been shown that polycystic ovary syndrome exerts a negative impact on female identity and it contributes to the deterioration of quality of life and, eventually, to development of psychiatric problems. The mental consequences of the disease can be as depressing as physiological symptoms. This draws attention on the importance of the disease from the aspect of therapy as well and, therefore, it may be justified to involve a psychologist or psychiatrist in the process for a more effective treatment. The aim of the paper is to summarize the most frequqent psychological symptoms associated with the disease. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(47), 1867–1871.
Herdförmige Meningitis bei einem Kalifornischen Seelöwen (Zalophus californianus) – Diagnostik und pathologische Befunde
Authors: Eskens U. , Hartmann A. , Braun V. , Schmidt M. J. , von Hegel G. , Lang B.
Published: November 2014

Ein 15-jähriger, weiblicher Kalifornischer Seelöwe (Zalophus californianus) mit progressiver Lähmung der Hintergliedmaßen und einer chronischen Hautwunde wurde zur Untersuchung vorgestellt. Die neurologische Untersuchung mit dem Befund einer Paraparese der Hinterhand wurde durch eine magnetresonanztomographische Untersuchung ergänzt. In der MRT-Darstellung der Hals- und Brustwirbelsäule zeigte sich zwischen dem siebten Halswirbel (C7) und dem zweiten Brustwirbel (Th2) eine gut abgrenzbare, die Muskulatur infiltrierende Masse, die durch das Foramen intervertebrale zwischen C7 und Th1 in den Wirbelkanal zog und das Rückenmark komprimierte und verdrängte. Die pathologische Untersuchung ergab eine herdförmige eitrige Meningitis infolge eines weitreichenden Fistelprozesses. Den Ausgangspunkt stellte die chronische Hautwunde dar, die mit Escherichia coli var. haemolytica und Clostridium perfringens infiziert war.
Parent-Reported Family Functioning among Children with Cleft Lip/Palate
Authors: Crerand Canice E. , Rosenberg Janine , Magee Leanne , Stein Margot B. , Wilson-Genderson Maureen , Broder Hillary L.
Published: November 2014

Objective

To examine family functioning related to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in youth with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P)

Design

Cross-sectional, multi-site investigation.

Setting

Six U.S. cleft centers.

Patients/Participants

A diverse sample of 1200 children with CL/P and their parents.

Main Outcome Measure

Parents completed the Family Environment Scale (FES), which assesses three domains of family functioning: cohesion (or closeness), expressiveness (open expression of feelings), and conflict. Demographic and clinical characteristics were also assessed including race, ethnicity, type of insurance, and surgical recommendations.

Results

The FES scores for families seeking team evaluations for their youth with CL/P (mean age = 11.6 years) fall within the average range compared with normative samples. Families receiving surgical recommendations for their youth also had FES scores in the average range, yet families of children recommended for functional surgery reported greater cohesion, expressiveness, and less conflict compared with those recommended for aesthetic surgery ( P < .05). For cohesion and expressiveness, significant main effects for race ( P = .012, P < .0001, respectively) and ethnicity ( P = .004, P < .0001, respectively) were found but not for their interaction. No significant differences were found on the conflict domain. Families with private insurance reported significantly greater cohesion ( P < .001) and expressiveness ( P < .001) than did families with public insurance.

Conclusions

Family functioning across domains was in the average range. However, observed differences by race, ethnicity, type of insurance, and surgical recommendation may warrant consideration in clinical management for patients and families.
Dynamic properties of large aggregate concrete under triaxial loading
Authors: Shi Linlin , Wang Licheng , Song Yupu , Shen Lu
Published: November 2014

The dynamic properties of large aggregate concrete under the triaxial loading state of tension–compression–compression (T–C–C) are experimentally investigated. The loads of each specimen in three directions are increased monotonically following a fixed load ratio at constant strain rate of 10−5/s, 10−4/s, 10−3/s or 10−2/s. Based on the experimental results, the specimens under triaxial T–C–C are ruptured by one apparent tensile crack perpendicular to the direction of the applied tensile loading. It is revealed that the shapes of the stress–strain curves corresponding to different strain rates are similar to each other at the same stress ratio. The tensile strength and secant modulus under triaxial T–C–C increase with the increase of strain rate, but decrease with the increase of lateral compressive stress. Meanwhile, the tensile critical strain under triaxial T–C–C increases slightly with the increase of strain rate, but increases significantly with the increase of lateral compressive loading. The dynamic failure criterion for large aggregate concrete under triaxial T–C–C in octahedral stress space is proposed.