bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of interleukin-12 gene polymorphism on response to hepatitis B vaccination among hemodialysis Egyptian patients
Authors: Abdel-Moniem Sawsan M. , Mohammed Mohammed A. , Essam El-Deen Ziyad M. , Mostafa Hanan M.
Published: September 2023

Background

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Interleukin (IL)-12 gene polymorphisms may be associated with immune response variability to recombinant HBV vaccines. The aim was to determine the correlation between IL-12 gene polymorphism and hepatitis B surface-antibody (HBs-Ab) titer in response to HBV vaccine among HD Egyptian patients.

Patients and methods

Seventy patients receiving long-term HD and 20 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. All participants were non-HBV vaccinated and seronegative for HBV and HIV. Recombinant HBV vaccine was given (three-dose scheduled). Thereafter, HBs-Ab titer and IL-12 gene polymorphism were evaluated 8 weeks after the last vaccination dose.

Results

There was no response (HBs-Ab<10 μIU/ml) in 20% of HD patients and 10% of the controls. HBs-Ab titers showed no significant correlation with duration of HD, BMI, serum albumin, hemoglobin, leucocytic count, parathyroid hormone level, or IL-12 gene polymorphism. Responders to vaccination had significantly lower transferrin saturation and significantly higher levels of urea reduction ratio, Kt/V and lymphopenia. IL-12B genotype frequency was as follows: AA (58.3 vs. 55.6%), AC (37.5%) and CC (4.2 vs. 0%) in responders of either HD or control participants, respectively (P>0.05 for all).

Conclusion

There was no significant association between IL-12B gene polymorphism and HBs-Ab response in Egyptian HD patients. In HD patients, lymphocytopnea, diabetes mellitus (DM), high transferrin saturation and inefficient HD were associated with HBV vaccine hyporesponsiveness.
Study of the relationship of thyroid status and frailty in older Egyptian men
Authors: El Din Ibrahim Maha H. , Alsebaie Mohamed M. , Elbendary Haidy I. , Yousief Elham M.
Published: September 2023

Background

This study was conducted in Endocrine and Diabetes Clinic (Cairo University) and National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinal Glands from 2016 to 2017.

Aim

To recognize the relationship between thyroid status and frailty in older Egyptian men, as distinguishing proof of contrasts in thyroid function as a hazard factor for frailty gives added chances to recognize men in danger of more unfortunate well-being results.

Methods

The study included 100 geriatric Egyptians men without overt thyroid disorder. All patients were subjected to medical history and physical measurement including assessment of frailty by using FRAIL scale (Fatigue, Résistance, Ambulation, Illnesses and Loss of weight, with frailty represented by the presence of three or more of these elements), free thyroxine level and thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Results

The average age of the patients was 67.34±3.42 years. of 100 men, four patients were classified as having overt hyperthyroidism, two patients having overt hypothyroidism (2.0%), 10 patients having subclinical hyperthyroidism (10%), one patient with subclinical hypothyroidism (1.0%), and 83 patients were euthyroid (83%), and 40 men were classified as being frail. The authors found a positive correlation of frailty with age (P<0.001).

Conclusion

There is a statistically significant association of frailty with smoking (P=0.014) and hypertension (P=0.003). There was no factually noteworthy relationship between frailty and thyroid-stimulating hormone, free T4, and free T3, and no measurably statistically significant difference between frailty and change in thyroid function (P=0.592).
Selenium supplement for treatment of geriatric rhinitis
Authors: Yalcinkaya Esin , Yazici Hasmet , Kayir Hakan , Soy Fatih K. , Negm Hesham
Published: September 2023

With the aging of population, the incidence of geriatric problems is increasing. However, the diagnosis and treatment of geriatric problems are usually ignored. This study investigated the efficacy of supplemental selenium in patients with geriatric rhinitis (GR). The study was conducted at an academic secondary referral center in a prospective design. Patients were divided into two groups, and they were compared with healthy volunteers. The treatment group, including patients with GR, was given nasal saline wash four times daily and 100 μg of seleno-6 dietary supplements twice daily. The patient control group and the healthy volunteers were given only the nasal saline wash four times daily. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels were measured in all participants before and after treatment. In addition, the sino-nasal outcome test-20 and visual analog scale were applied before and after treatment. In the selenium supplement group, the visual analog scale, sino-nasal outcome test-20 scores, and enzyme levels were significantly improved compared with the untreated group. No adverse effects occurred in the selenium supplement group during the study. Supplemental selenium might be effective in the treatment of GR in terms of aging physiology and the oxidative system. However, large-scale randomized studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment.
Unicentric Castleman disease in the paediatric neck: an unusual case of a rare diagnosis
Authors: Leckenby Simon P. , Dawe Nicholas , Abinun Mario , Powell Steven M.
Published: September 2023

We present a rare case of unicentric Castleman disease (CD) in the paediatric neck. A 12-year-old Caucasian girl was referred to us due to a slowly enlarging, painless right-sided neck mass. Our thorough investigative approach identified unicentric CD, with previously undocumented CD-like features occurring simultaneously in a separate lesion from the lymph node group involved in unicentric CD. Recognition of CD in the paediatric patient is essential, despite the condition’s rarity, to ensure adequate diagnostic work-up and management. We discuss features of unicentric CD, current concepts surrounding histology of the two separate variants of unicentric and multicentric CD, and the implications for management.
Impact of voice disorders and microlaryngeal surgery on psychological profiles of Arabic-speaking professional and nonprofessional voice users
Authors: Sheikhany Ayatallah , Atef Ahmed , Refaat Osama , Al Ali Ahmad
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Voice disorders that impair normal social communication may cause subsequent emotional distress and are significantly associated with greater risk of anxiety and depression. The occurrence of vocal symptoms and voice disorders in professions where voice is an essential tool may cause stress and anxiety to the professionals suffering from them. Voice disorders in professionals have a major psychoemotional and social impact because they can threaten, shorten, or even end teachers’ and singers’ careers.

Aim of the work

Psychological impact of various voice disorders of professional and nonprofessional voice users has not yet been adequately studied according to the authors’ knowledge in the Egyptian population. It is therefore of great importance to shed light on the psychological impact of voice disorders on patients in an attempt to improve the quality of life of those patients.

Patients and methods

During the period of 6 months from June 2014 to December 2014, 40 patients were included prospectively in this work.

Results and conclusion

Professional voice users are more susceptible to psychological diseases than nonprofessional voice users. The degree of improvement postoperatively in professional voice users was statistically significant in all assessments of this study when compared with the nonprofessional voice users except in self-confidence and worth (Rosenberg self-esteem test). The best degree of improvement postoperatively was detected in the professional voice physically according to Jacobson scoring guidelines. There was a moderate relation between dysphonia and anxiety and depression according to the Voice Handicap Index and Kessler psychological distress scale results in this study.
Audiovestibular findings in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Gabr Takwa A. , Kotait Mona A. , Abdel Noor Rasha A.
Published: September 2023

Background

Audiovestibular manifestations are reported in autoimmune diseases including hearing loss and vestibular symptoms.

Objectives

This study is designed to evaluate the audiovestibular manifestations in patients with different autoimmune diseases especially asymptomatic cases.

Subjects and Methods

This work included two groups: study group (29 cases with different autoimmune diseases) and control group (20 healthy subjects). All participantswere subjected to basic audiologic evaluation, Sinusoidal harmonic acceleration (SHA) test of the rotatory chair at different frequencies (.01-.64Hz).

Results

patients with ADs showed elevated hearing thresholds (>25dBHL) at all tested frequencies. As regard SHA test, only 5 cases from the study grop showed normal results, while the rest of cases showed vestibular hypofunction (bilateral in 22 cases and unilateral in 3 cases).

Conclusion

Audiovestibular symptoms are common in different autoimmune diseases even asymptomatic cases. SHA test showed that vestibular affection is much more frequent than expected. So, regular screening of hearing and vestibular functions in patients with autoimmune should be done, for better and early management.
Voice outcome after cold phonomicrosurgery for minimal-associated pathological lesions of the vocal folds
Authors: Merwad Ezzat A. , Mohamed Abd El Raof S. , Quriba Amal S. , Abd Al Badea Amany M.
Published: September 2023

Objective

The aim was to assess the voice outcomes of cold phonomicrosurgery for minimal-associated pathological lesions of the vocal folds.

Materials and methods

A total of 26 patients with either unilateral or bilateral minimal-associated pathological lesions of the vocal folds from the Otorhinolaryngology Department in Zagazig University Hospitals between 2013 and 2014 were enrolled in the case group. Cold phonomicrosurgeries were performed. The control group comprised of 20 matched normal individuals. Matching was based on sex, age, and socioeconomic rank.

Results

All patients had videoendoscopic laryngeal evaluations in the preoperative and postoperative periods (3 months after surgery), and the results showed the absence of the lesion in comparison with the preoperative findings in 22 (84.62%) patients. All patients had perceptual voice analysis in the preoperative and postoperative periods (3 months after surgery), with all P values below 0.05, indicating statistically significant difference among the cases after the operation.

Conclusion

Although voice therapy is the cornerstone in treating benign vocal fold lesions, phonosurgery has an important role in some lesions.
Endoscopic evaluation of completeness of conventional curettage adenoidectomy: a single-blinded observational study
Authors: Navalakhe Milind M. , Mogre Dilesh A.
Published: September 2023

Background

Conventional curettage adenoidectomy is a blind procedure, which performed in a confined postnasal space produces surgical challenges. The aim was to examine the completeness of conventional adenoidectomy and compare it with surgeon satisfaction and to identify the need to objectively assess the residual tissue at the end of procedure.

Aim

The primary aim was to objectively assess the residual adenoid mass after curettage adenoidectomy and compare it with surgeon satisfaction using digital palpation.

Settings and design

A prospective single-blinded observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital between February 2015 and September 2015.

Patients and methods

A total of 45 cases that underwent conventional curettage adenoidectomy were included in the study. Intraoperative images of the postnasal space were recorded and compared with surgeon satisfaction score by a single-blinded observer.

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis of interobserver correlation was performed using Cohen’s κ statistics using Graphpad Prism, version-6.07 (trial).

Results

The 45 cases had a mean±SD age of 8.45±2.47 years, and female to male ratio was 1.4 : 1. The kappa analysis of surgeon satisfaction in relation to the presence of residual adenoid tissue showed that the strength of agreement was worse than that expected by chance (κ=−0.383, SE=0.129).

Conclusion

The study showed that surgeon satisfaction via digital palpation alone fails to assess residual adenoid tissue, and we recommend endoscopic visualization of the nasopharynx to assess completeness of adenoidectomy.
Developing an Arabic speech intelligibility test for adolescents and adults
Authors: Hegazi Mona A. , Abdelhamid Ahmed
Published: September 2023

Objectives

The improvement of speech intelligibility of many patients is one of the primary aims of the therapy of communication disorders. The standard evaluations lack an Arabic test to measure speech intelligibility among adolescents and adults.

Participants and methods

This study was conducted on 200 participants with an age range from 12 to 60 years who can read Arabic. All participants were randomly selected from the outpatient clinic of phoniatrics from five speech disorders affecting speech intelligibility. Each participant included in the study was subjected to two evaluations: a subjective rating of the participant’s speech intelligibility and the developed Arabic speech intelligibility test, which is meant to be an objective measure.

Results

The results showed highly significant correlation between the scores of the Arabic speech intelligibility test and the average scores of the raters.

Conclusion

The developed test proved to be valid and reliable for measuring speech intelligibility and could be categorically classified into ranges of severity.
Public awareness of delayed language development in Upper Egypt
Authors: Mostafa Eman , Ahmed Mona El-Rabie
Published: September 2023

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate public awareness and the attitude of delayed language development (DLD) in children in Sohag, Upper Egypt.

Patients and Methods

The Phoniatric Unit at Sohag University Hospital receives a considerable number of belated cases of children with DLD. No Egyptian surveys were found collecting information about public awareness and knowledge of DLD and speech–language pathology services. A cross-sectional survey was done of both male and female participants who were asked to fill in a questionnaire. The questionnaire contains participant’s demographic information, eight closed-ended questions, and one open-ended question, addressing their knowledge and attitudes toward DLD.

Results

The questionnaire was introduced to 1500 questionnaires (1380 have returned; 92% response). Good awareness of DLD in children was recognized in 74.49% of the study group. The age of 2 years was thought to be the most suitable age to seek medical advice for children with DLD in 48.84% of the study group. Some occupations such as teachers did not value early intervention of language delay. Language therapy was thought to be the best way to treat DLD in 68.7% of the study group.

Conclusion

There is limited awareness of the value of early language learning and the best treatment of DLD. Awareness should be raised and changing the attitude of individuals in some occupations, especially teachers, toward DLD should be addressed.
Effect of vitiligo on the cochlea
Authors: ElGohary Mohamed Abd Elatif , Behairy Reda Mohamed Abd Alwahab , Awida Amal Mahmoud
Published: September 2023

Background

Vitiligo is the disappearance of functional melanocytes (MCs) from the involved skin by a mechanism(s) that has not yet been identified.

Objective

The aim was to study the effects of different types of vitiligo on cochlear function.

Patients and Methods

This study involved 30 vitiligo patients who constituted the study group and 30 matched healthy individuals who served as the control group. Cochlear function was studied using pure-tone audiometry and transient-evoked otoacoustic emission.

Results

Normal pure-tone thresholds were found in vitiligo patients with no statistically significant difference between the control and vitiligo groups on both ears. There was a statistically significant difference between control and vitiligo groups as regards the signal-to-noise ratio at a frequency band of 4 kHz on both ears. Cochlear function is affected equally in both generalized and localized vitiligo subgroups. The duration of vitiligo does not have an effect on cochlear function.
Submandibular abscess caused by Salmonella spp. in a diabetic patient: a case report
Authors: Alaqeeli Abdul-Aziz , Alani Belal , Al Khalil Moustafa
Published: September 2023

Head and neck infections normally arise from Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, or other anaerobic species, and infection by Salmonella spp. is rare. Patients with significant underlying conditions are at increased risk for the development of focal infection. This has been observed in patients with HIV, diabetes, and malignancy.
Efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids in improving nasal airway obstruction in children with symptomatic adenoidal hypertrophy: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Elbeltagy Yasser M. , Ibrahim Samer A. , Hasaballah Mohamed S. , Sowilem Omar M.
Published: September 2023

Background

Adenoidal hypertrophy is considered one of the most common diseases in otolaryngology. It is usually associated with nasal obstruction symptoms like snoring and hyponasality. If not treated well, children will encounter many complications like otitis media with effusion and craniofacial abnormalities. Adenoidectomy is the main line of treatment for many otolaryngologists, but recently medical treatment by using intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) has shown beneficial effects in reducing the size of adenoids or improving the obstruction symptoms.

Objectives

To assess the efficacy of nasal corticosteroids in improving nasal airway obstruction in children with symptomatic adenoidal hypertrophy.

Patients and Methods

A comprehensive search in MEDLINE and CENTRAL was undertaken (1985–2017). We identified all randomized controlled trials in children with adenoidal hypertrophy that compared the effects of nasal corticosteroids and normal saline nasal spray on different outcomes. The primary outcomes were improvement of nasal obstruction symptoms assessed by any symptoms score and reduction in adenoid size as demonstrated by fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy or lateral nasopharynx radiograph.

Results

Twenty-three relevant potential citations were identified and screened for retrieval; nine articles were suitable for these meta-analyses. The included randomized controlled trials were enrolled in five meta-analyses. Three meta-analyses showed significant improvement in adenoid size after the use of INCS with a risk ratio of 0.68, standardized mean difference (SMD)=−2.97, SMD=−0.67, respectively. Two meta-analyses showed insignificant improvement in nasal obstruction symptoms with SMD=−1.53 and SMD=0.67, respectively.

Conclusion

INCS can be used in children with moderate to severe adenoid hypertrophy to reduce the adenoid size and improve the associated symptoms. Close monitoring of improving of the symptoms is a must to predict the need of nonmedical management.
Endoscopic detection of fast mucociliary pathways in endoscopic sinus surgery: a marker for local mucociliary function
Authors: Amin Sameh M. , Baky Amr A. , Fawzy Tamer O. , Hussein Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Introduction

The mucociliary transport velocity is heterogenous showing areas of slow and fast pathways. The aim of this study was to assess fast mucociliary pathways (FMP) in the maxillary sinus in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Patients and Methods

Endoscopic recording of mucociliary clearance (MCC) and FMP was performed on the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus in 22 chronic rhinosinusitis patients subjected to endoscopic sinus surgery and 12 normal volunteers undergoing septal or turbinate surgery. MCC was assessed intraoperatively using methylene blue over 20 min. MCC was designated as complete, incomplete, or absent. For all patients and controls, the preoperative and postoperative sinonasal outcome scores (SNOT 20) were determined, and the transnasal and transmaxillary saccharin test, and preoperative computed tomography radiological staging were performed.

Results

FMP were more frequent in the controls (75%) than the patients (40%), with no statistical significance. Delay, direction, site, and duration of FMP were not statistically different in both groups. Six patients with no FMP (absent MMC in five and partial in one) had extremely prolonged transmaxillary saccharin times, with no postoperative improvement. Otherwise, SNOT 20, transnasal, and transmaxillary saccharin times improved significantly in the patients. Controls showed a significant improvement in the SNOT 20 and transmaxillary sacchrin time. FMP correlated significantly with MCC (r=0.636; P<0.01), transnasal (r=−0.7, P<0.05), and transmaxillary (r=−0.553; P<0.05) saccharin times. In a discriminant model, the only predictive variables of FMP detection were MCC (positive) and transnasal saccharin time (negative) with total correction classification (91.2%). This study describes the different characteristics of FMP. Our results suggest that FMP can be used as a marker of local MCC.
The relation between chronic rhinosinusitis and sleep-disordered breathing
Authors: El-Beltagy Yasser F. , Ghita Alaa F. , Mady Ossama M. , Ibrahim Ahmed M.
Published: September 2023

Background

Chronic sinusitis is one of the most prevalent chronic illnesses affecting persons of all age groups. It is an inflammatory process that involves the paranasal sinuses and persists for 12 weeks or longer.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) on sleep-disordered breathing.

Patients and methods

This study was conducted prospectively during the period spanning from June 2017 to June 2018 on 100 patients with CRS who attended to the ENT Departments of El-Maadi Armed Forces Medical Complex, Kobry El-Kobba Armed Forces Medical Complex, and El-Demerdash Hospitals. An additional 10 control patients were included in the study. All these patients gave informed consent to participate in this study.

Results

As regards apnea–hypopnea index, a comparative study between preoperative and postoperative measurements revealed a nonsignificant difference (P>0.05). As regards snore index and snore episodic measurements, the comparative study between preoperative and postoperative measurements revealed a highly significant decrease (P<0.01). As regards sleep efficiency and minimal and basal oxygen saturation measurements, the comparative study between preoperative and postoperative measurements revealed a highly significant increase (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Surgery decreased snoring and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores, increased sleep efficiency and minimal and basal oxygen saturation measurements without changes in the apnea–hypopnea index, and improved sleep quality.
Microdebrider-assisted powered adenoidectomy: a prospective study
Authors: Alharbi Fahd , Ahmed Mohammed Rifaat , Al Juraibi Wael
Published: September 2023

Objective

To assess the use of powered instrumentation and endoscopes to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this procedure in comparison to classic adenoidectomy using an adenoid curette.

Patients and Methods

A prospective study performed at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery in Jazan General Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It includes 70 patients subjected to adenoidectomy who were divided into two equal groups: conventional curette adenoidectomy (CCA) group and microdebrider-assisted powered adenoidectomy (MPA) group. Both groups were assessed for operative time, average operative blood loss, duration of postoperative pain, return to normal diet and activities.

Results

There was no statistical significance between two groups regarding the operative time: the mean operative time in the CCA group was 13.7±3.5 min, while 12.9±4.3 min in the MPA group. The mean operative blood loss in the CCA group was 14.2±3.4 ml, while it was 13.5±2.9 in MPA group without any statically significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion

MPA proved to be a good alternative to CCA technique as both techniques provide complete adenoid resection with fewer traumas to the adjacent tissue. Level of Evidence: 3b.
Correlation between preoperative endoscopic findings and computed tomography with postoperative histopathology in the staging of laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: El-Sharkawy Louay , El-Antably Adel , Gharib Fadi , Hareedy Amal , Algarf Tareq
Published: September 2023

Background

Laryngeal cancers represent 4.5% of all malignancies and 28% of malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract. Different modalities for pretherapeutic assessment have been advocated including endoscopy and radiology.

Aim

The objective of the current study is to assess the accuracy of preoperative CT and clinical/endoscopic staging of laryngeal tumors by comparing clinical and imaging findings of each modality with histologic cross-sections of surgical specimens.

Methods

This prospective study included thirty patients with cancer larynx who underwent surgical treatment. All patients underwent transnasal fiberoptic laryngoscopy with photographic documentation. CT scan axial slices of 2-mm thickness with contrast were obtained. The surgical specimens were cut in whole-organ slices parallel to the plane of the axial CT.

Results

The T stage was correctly determined by both endoscope and CT scan in 23 cases. The agreement between perceived T stage by endoscope and CT with histopathological analysis was 100% for T1, 66.7% for T2, 80% for T3 and 66.6% for T4.

Conclusion

Multi Slice CT scan is superior to laryngoscopy in the evaluation of T3 and T4 tumors. However, laryngoscopy is better than MSCT in the evaluation of T1 and T2 lesions.
Formulation of a program for treatment of childhood dysphonia
Authors: Elmaghraby Riham M. , Ras Yehia A. A. , Elkaraksy Maha M.
Published: September 2023

Background

Dysphonia is a disorder characterized by change in voice quality, pitch, loudness, or vocal effort that impairs communication or reduces voice-related quality of life. Childhood dysphonia has several adverse educational and psychosocial implications. Dysphonic children are not aware or not bothered by their voice disorder. Although dysphonia might, in some cases, improve by itself in adulthood, it can be of important value to treat the dysphonic voice already during childhood.

Aim

The aim of this study was to adapt and formulate a program of voice intervention for childhood dysphonia and apply it on Egyptian children to explore its effectiveness as a therapeutic tool.

Patients and methods

This study was conducted on 20 children of both sexes attending the Phoniatrics Unit in Alexandria Main University Hospital complaining of dysphonia. The remediation program aims to improve dysphonia in children using a combination of indirect and direct treatment techniques. It is a modification of The Boone Voice Program for Children combined with new technologies such as the voice games by Kay Elementrics. It is designed to provide the clinician with step-by-step procedures and materials to remediate voice disorders in school-aged children. The program was translated to Arabic and a number of modifications were done in order to adapt it to the Egyptian children.

Results

The study showed effectiveness of the remediation program for childhood dysphonia regarding some of the auditory perceptual assessment and acoustic analysis values. Some of the laryngeal examination findings also showed improvement post-therapy. The study showed significant relation between the children’s age, sex, diagnosis, and some pretherapy and post-therapy findings.

Conclusion

Data from the current study suggests that voice therapy may prove to be a valid alternative to just planned follow-up.
Efficacy of voriconazole in nonsurgical treatment of allergic and chronic granulomatous fungal rhinosinusitis: a preliminary study
Authors: El-Adl Hesham M. , Awad Mohamed Abd El-Badee , El-Morsy Shawky Mahmoud , Khafagy Yasser W.
Published: September 2023

Objective

Evaluate the effectiveness and safety of voriconazole in the non surgical treatment of allergic fungal rhinosinustis (AFRS) and chronic granulomatous fungal rhinosinusitis (CGFRS). Also, we present our conservative approach for cases of chronic granulomatous fungal rhinosinusitis with skull base involvement.

Patients and Methods

26 Patients with the diagnosis of AFRS (17 patients) and CGFRS (9 patients) have been treated with voriconazole for a period of 3 weeks in AFRS to three months in CGFRS.

Results

All patients with AFRS have shown marked improvement both clinically and radiologically, recurrence occur in 6 cases, two patients improved medically, and 4 patient required endoscopic sinus surgery. From 9 patients with CGFRS, 6 patients improved completely and did not require surgery, three patients had persistent or residual disease and required surgical interference.

Conclusions

Voriconazole is effective, and safe in treatment of AFRS as well as CGFRS. This is a preliminary study; further long-term studies are required for proper understanding of the strategies of this new treatment in fungal rhinosinusitis management.
Endoscopic endonasal bony landmarks of vertical petrous internal carotid: anatomic study
Authors: Amin Sameh M. , Fathy Hesham
Published: September 2023

Background

Endoscopic endonasal direct exposure or vascular control of basal internal carotid artery (ICA) is difficult among soft tissue of infratemporal fossa.

Objective

The aim of this work was to develop surgical instructional model for direct exposure of vertical petrous (Vp) ICA relatively dependent on bony fixed landmarks.

Materials and methods

Endoscopic endonasal drilling of 14 sides of dry skull models was presented. Different bony landmarks and measurements of Vp ICA canal were obtained.

Results

Endoscopic endonasal transpterygoid approach was performed. The medial pterygoid process and base were drilled to expose the vidian canal and foramen rotundum. The lateral pterygoid process was drilled following the slope of skull base to medial and lateral ends of foramen oval (FO). The spine of the sphenoid was drilled to obscure the tensor tympani canal and the bony Eustachian tube (ET). The bony end of ET was identified lateral to FO. The Vp ICA was exposed retrogradely by drilling the tubal process of tympanic bone (bone between FO and bony ET) downward, backward, and medially toward carotid foramen, forming an acute angle with horizontal petrous (Hp) ICA. The carotid foramen lies medial to styloid process. Three processes are identified sequentially from endonasal perspective; spine of sphenoid, tubal process of tympanic bone, and vaginal process of tympanic bone enclosing the styloid process laterally. The mean length of Vp ICA canal was 12.93±2.23 mm, mean width of FO was 5.04± 0.8 mm, and distance between FO and bony ET was 6.68±1.42 mm, representing surgical width of Vp ICA ~10 mm. The surgical corridor was ~10mm wide and 15mm long.

Conclusion

Endoscopic endonasal systematic orientation of bony fixed landmarks of Vp ICA exposure is described. The proposed endonasal bony pathway relatively bypasses the muscular compartment of infratemporal fossa. This model can help to obtain vascular control of basal ICA and retrograde identification of parapharyngeal ICA.
Unraveling the Mystery of Young Stroke
Authors: Deepti Siddharthan , Ahmed A. S.
Published: September 2023

A 38-year-old male presented with a history of acute-onset hemiparesis 6 months back. On evaluation, he was found to have eosinophilia. Echocardiography was done which revealed a thrombus in the left atrium attached to the posterior mitral leaflet. The rest of the cardiac chambers were normal. Diagnosis of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome was made after extensive evaluation. The patient was started on steroids and oral anticoagulation, following which eosinophil count and size of thrombus reduced.
Quadrivalvular Involvement in Rheumatic Heart Disease
Authors: Satvic C. M. , Chaudhury Arnab Ghosh , Devegowda Lachikarathman , Bhat Prabhavathi , Manjunath C. N.
Published: September 2023

Four-valve involvement (mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary) in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is an exceedingly rare entity. We report the case of a 24-year-old male, a known case of RHD, who presented with dyspnea and presyncope for 2 months. On examination, the patient had severe mitral stenosis, moderate mitral regurgitation, severe aortic stenosis, severe aortic regurgitation, and severe tricuspid regurgitation. Echocardiography revealed severe tricuspid stenosis with moderate pulmonary stenosis in addition to other clinically detectable valve lesions. The patient underwent aortic and mitral valve replacement, tricuspid valve repair with pulmonary valvotomy successfully.
Effects of Processing Methods on Anti-Nutrients and Proximate Compositions of Aizien B. Senegalensis Seed as Alternative Protein Source for Fish Feed
Authors: Hassan Mohammed Zakariya , Agbugui Marian , Usman Umate , Wakil Umaru Buba
Published: September 2023

The study investigated the nutritional suitability Boscia senegalensis (Aizen) as alternative for protein in the formulation of diet of fish diet. The seeds were subjected to different processing methods to reduce levels of the most important antinutritional factors (ANFs) in the seeds. Standard methods of analysis were used for determination of anti-nutrients and proximate compositions of the processed seeds. Analyzed anti-nutritional factors of the differently processed B. senegalensis seeds indicated that soaking was the best in reducing the anti-nutrients with lowest levels of Saponin (2.10 m/g), Phytic acid (0.10 mg/g), Flavonoids (72.8 mg/g), Tanin (0.6 mg/g) and Alkaloids (1.02 mg/g). Proximate analysis showed that crude protein (CP) composition of the differently processed Boscia senegalensis seed ranged from 28.48 – 31.50%. Soaked sample had the highest CP (31.50%) while the boiled sample was the lowest (28.48%). Decreased lipid and fibre contents were observed in the boiled, fermented and the soaked seeds respectively. The study recommends soaking as best treatment for B. senegalensis seeds while proximate analysis revealed that treated B. senegalensis seed could be good alternative source of protein for fish feed formulation.
Genus-specific Primer Design for Molecular Identification of Rhodobacter sp. Origin of the 16S rRNA Gene
Authors: Rizkiantino Rifky , Haliman Rubiyanto Widodo , Halalludin Beni , Sutanto Yuri , Fitriana Rachmawati Nur , Panjaitan Bestran Virlando , Sari Putri Purnama , Rahayu Mufti , Efendy Hendi Yanto , Laiman Hendri
Published: September 2023

Rhodobacter is one of the purple phototropic bacteria widely used in aquaculture activity. It is particularly difficult in identifying and distinguishing Rhodobacter from other non-sulfur purple bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate primer pairs designed based on the 16S rRNA gene from Rhodobacter as an effective and efficient molecular identification that can be performed in the laboratory using conventional PCR techniques. The 16S rRNA sequences from Rhodobacter and other bacteria were aligned and analyzed for the high-variation region to capture the desired target amplicon. Forward and reverse primer pairs were designed based on the appropriate target amplicon. The primer pairs were also assessed for their feasibility based on ten assessment criteria for the quality of the PCR primers. The PCR optimization results obtained showed a specific band with a size of 548 bp according to the amplicon target size in the Rhodobacter samples tested and did not show any cross-reaction with other comparator bacteria, and no dimers or other non-specific bands were found. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the primer pairs designed in terms of quality and specificity are good and can be used as alternative specific primers for the genus Rhodobacter sp.
Ob življenjskem jubileju prof. dr. Erike Kržišnik
Authors: Jakop Nataša
Published: September 2023

Profesorica doktorica Erika Kržišnik je utemeljiteljica frazeologije kot jezikoslovne vede na Slovenskem, njena vodilna razvijalka in raziskovalka ter predavateljica. S svojo raziskovalno žilico, strokovno vedoželjnostjo, nenehnim preizpraševanjem in kritičnim razmišljanjem je vplivala na več generacij študentov slovenistov in jezikoslovcev, ki jim je odpirala vrata v večplasten in zapleten jezikovni in jezikoslovni svet. Ob njenem življenjskem jubileju ‒ 70-letnici ‒ se ji želim s tem kratkim in fragmentarnim zapisom pokloniti, se ji zahvaliti in čestitati za vse dosežke, predvsem pa srčno voščiti vse najboljše, obilo zdravja, življenjske moči in neusahljive energije.
Frazeološki neologizmi v slovenskih in nemških slovarjih
Authors: Štumberger Saška
Published: September 2023

Phraseological neologisms are a category of multi-word neologisms, characterized by a known time of origin and acceptance in the vocabulary. This paper examines the presence of phrasemes in the Dictionary of Recent Vocabulary of the Slovenian Language (SNB) and German dictionaries of neologisms. The search process in the Slovenian dictionary involved collecting multi-word entries with expressive qualifiers and also including phrasemes without expressive qualifiers. The precise presentation of neologisms in German dictionaries allowed for an automatic search. Out of a total of 2,519 neologisms, 134 were identified as phrasemes, which amounts to 5,3%. Online search enables selection based on various criteria, with idiomaticity being an important criterion for phrasemes, distinguishing complete, partial, and non-idiomatic vocabulary entries.
Researching phraseological neologisms is a new scientific area in Slovenian linguistics. The analysis of German materials revealed the relevance of a broader definition of phraseology in neologism research, without excluding (idiomatic) terminological multi-word lexemes. However, one of the main challenges in studying phraseological neologisms lies in data collection. In Slovenian dictionaries of neologisms, improving the labelling in terms of structure and idiomaticity would greatly enhance the usability of the material for researching different types of neologisms and obtaining new information about lexical change.
Procesne metode pri pouku slovenskega jezika kot prvega jezika
Authors: Vogel Jerca
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, the text-based communicative method has been recommended as the most effective didactic approach in the didactic literature and in the curriculum for Slovene as a First Language. Nevertheless, this method does not always reflect the natural learning process, nor can it sufficiently enable students to develop critical communicative competence. The article claims that those deficits can be overcome by using process teaching methods, especially problem- and project-based teaching. Although both methods have many similarities, their different focus significantly impacts the learning process. Therefore, in the article, each is discussed separately regarding the phases of the learning process and possibilities for developing critical communicative competence. The article concludes with a reflection on some advantages and disadvantages of process-based learning.
Korpus Gigafida 2.0
Authors: Logar Nataša , Gorjanc Vojko , Arhar Holdt Špela
Published: September 2023

This paper presents the findings of the third user evaluation study of Slovene reference corpora, with a focus on the Gigafida 2.0 corpus. The study was conducted between June and October 2021 and collected responses from 302 participants. The questionnaire aimed to understand the corpus’s purpose, the suitability of the search options, interface clarity, and limitations, as well as its use in comparison to other, newer language resources for Slovene. The data indicates that users mostly employ the Gigafida 2.0 corpus for linguistic and other language-related research purposes, and they expressed satisfaction with it. Additionally, the study found that other recent language resources have not significantly reduced the need for corpus queries.
Climate change and human rights
Authors: Burger Michael , Wentz Jessica
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
Climate change, mobility, law and human rights
Authors: Cournil Christel , Gebre Emnet
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
Sustainability and environmental human rights
Authors: Malviya Chetna , Libel Waldman Ricardo
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
Doctrinal environmental constitutionalism: moral limitations on property rights in the United States as human rights
Authors: Hudson Blake
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
Conflicts between environmental protection and human rights
Authors: Petersmann Marie-Catherine
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
The rights of nature and a new constitutional environmental law*
Authors: Bonilla Maldonado Daniel
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
An International Covenant on the right of human beings to the environment
Authors: Prieur Michel , Ali Mekouar Mohamed , Daly Erin
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
Indigenous peoples and conservation of biodiversity
Authors: Dhingra Ritu
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
European Court of Human Rights and environmental rights
Authors: W Pedersen Ole
Published: September 2023

The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.