bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elucidating N-acyl amino acids as a model protoamphiphilic system
Authors: Joshi Manesh Prakash , Uday Ashwin , Rajamani Sudha
Published: November 2022

Protoamphiphiles are prebiotically-plausible moieties that would have constituted protocell membranes on early Earth. Although prebiotic soup would have contained a diverse set of amphiphiles capable of generating protocell membranes, earlier studies were mainly limited to fatty acid-based systems. Herein, we characterize N-acyl amino acids (NAAs) as a model protoamphiphilic system. To the best of our knowledge, we report a new abiotic route in this study for their synthesis under wet-dry cycles from amino acids and monoglycerides via an ester-amide exchange process. We also demonstrate how N-oleoyl glycine (NOG, a representative NAA) results in vesicle formation over a broad pH range when blended with a monoglyceride or a fatty acid. Notably, NOG also acts as a substrate for peptide synthesis under wet-dry cycles, generating different lipopeptides. Overall, our study establishes NAAs as a promising protoamphiphilic system, and highlights their significance in generating robust and functional protocell membranes on primitive Earth.
Machine-learning for designing nanoarchitectured materials by dealloying
Authors: Zhao Chonghang , Chung Cheng-Chu , Jiang Siying , Noack Marcus M. , Chen Jiun-Han , Manandhar Kedar , Lynch Joshua , Zhong Hui , Zhu Wei , Maffettone Phillip , Olds Daniel , Fukuto Masafumi , Takeuchi Ichiro , Ghose Sanjit , Caswell Thomas , Yager Kevin G. , Chen-Wiegart Yu-chen Karen
Published: November 2022

Machine learning-augmented materials design is an emerging method for rapidly developing new materials. It is especially useful for designing new nanoarchitectured materials, whose design parameter space is often large and complex. Metal-agent dealloying, a materials design method for fabricating nanoporous or nanocomposite from a wide range of elements, has attracted significant interest. Here, a machine learning approach is introduced to explore metal-agent dealloying, leading to the prediction of 132 plausible ternary dealloying systems. A machine learning-augmented framework is tested, including predicting dealloying systems and characterizing combinatorial thin films via automated and autonomous machine learning-driven synchrotron techniques. This work demonstrates the potential to utilize machine learning-augmented methods for creating nanoarchitectured thin films.
Cell Culture-based Influenza Vaccine Development
Authors: Rajaram Sankarasubramanian , Suphaphiphat Pirada , Wen Yingxia
Published: November 2022

Influenza vaccines are effective against many influenza A and B strain viruses, but suboptimal effectiveness has been observed against A/H3N2. Conventionally, the production of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines involves viral passage in chicken eggs. Haemagglutinin (HA) as the major vaccine antigen and virus surface protein needs to mutate in order to facilitate viral growth in eggs. These mutations may change the antigenicity of HA and thereby decrease vaccine effectiveness (VE). Cell culture technology offers advantages over egg-based methods. Cell-based vaccines are free of egg proteins, additives, and antibiotics. More importantly, the production of vaccine viruses in cells avoids the need for virus replication in eggs and egg-adaptive mutations, therefore viruses remain antigenically similar to wild-type strains. Antigenic characterisation performed by World Health Organization Collaborating Centres show that cell-derived A/H3N2 viruses match circulating strains more closely than egg-derived A/H3N2 viruses, and this is supported by additional studies. VE data also demonstrate that cell-derived vaccines are more effective than egg-derived vaccines in preventing influenza-like illness and influenza-associated hospitalisations in individuals of all ages, including those ≥65 years old, confirming the advantages of cell culture technology.
Legacy and emerging airborne per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) collected on PM2.5 filters in close proximity to a fluoropolymer manufacturing facility
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi , Baumann Karsten , Surratt Jason D. , Turpin Barbara J.
Published: November 2022

Large fluoropolymer manufacturing plants are major sources of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to the environment; we measured legacy and emerging PFAS in air to provide insights into near-source PFAS profiles.
Dissolution of Mn-bearing dolomite drives elevated Cr(vi) occurrence in a Permian redbed aquifer
Authors: Westrop Jeffrey P. , Tomlinson Zachary D. , Maples Brandon M. , Dee Kato T. , Swindle Andrew L. , Elwood Madden Megan E. , Hu Qinhong , Elwood Madden Andrew S.
Published: November 2022

Cr(iii) oxidation and Cr(vi) occurrence corresponds to regions of cation-exchange induced Mn-carbonate dissolution.
Effects of surface-functionalized TiO2nanoparticles on copper ion toxicity under simultaneous and sequential exposure conditions
Authors: Fan Wenhong , Li Yao , Li Ang , Li Xiaomin , Zhang You , Liu Shu
Published: November 2022

The toxicity of nano-TiO2and Cu2+should consider both the nature of nano-TiO2and the exposure scenarios.
Immunomodulatory effects and associated mechanisms ofMomordica charantiaand its phytochemicals
Authors: Wang Shuzhen , Liu Qian , Zeng Ting , Zhan Jianfeng , Zhao Hui , Ho Chi-Tang , Xiao Yunli , Li Shiming
Published: November 2022

Momordica charantiaL. (M. charantia), which is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family and widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, has been consumed as a vegetable and also used as herbal medicine for thousands of years worldwide.
Betaine supplementation alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via regulating the inflammatory response, enhancing the intestinal barrier, and altering gut microbiota
Authors: Zhao Nannan , Yang Yuhang , Chen Chen , Jing Tengfang , Hu Yun , Xu Haixu , Wang Shuai , He Yu , Liu Enqi , Cui Jue
Published: November 2022

Betaine exerts protective effects against DSS-induced colitis via regulating the inflammatory response, enhancing the intestinal barrier, and altering gut microbiota and is conducive to developing new drugs for treating human diseases.
A bio-inspired versatile free-standing membrane for oral cavity microenvironmental monitoring and remineralization to prevent dental caries
Authors: Cheng Kai , She Peng , Wang Hong , Wang Zengkai , Zhang Liwei , Tang Xu , Yuan Liang , Feng Yonghai , Song Xiaolu , Pan Guoqing , Yang Juan , Liu Lei
Published: November 2022

The fast monitoring of oral bacterial infection, bacterial clearance and repairing of enamel damage caused by dental caries relies on an effective way of monitoring, killing and repairing in situ, but presents a major challenge in oral healthcare.
Clinical big-data-based design of GLUT2-targeted carbon nanodots for accurate diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Heo Hye Jin , Park Yoonsang , Lee Jung Hee , Kim Yujin , Kim Eun Kyoung , Kim Ga Hyun , Yu Yeuni , Park So Youn , Seo Hie Bum , Pak Kyoungjune , Goh Tae Sik , Park Sehyeon , Oh Sae-Ock , Kwon Woosung , Kim Yun Hak
Published: November 2022

Glucosamine-labeled carbon nanodots were developed to selectively target hepatocellular carcinoma based on genomic analysis of 339 patient samples.
Fabrication of magnetic nanoprobes for ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Du Hui , Wang Qiyue , Liang Zeyu , Li Qilong , Li Fangyuan , Ling Daishun
Published: November 2022

This review highlights the design, synthesis, and contrasting mechanisms of magnetic nanoprobes for high-performance ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging.
Stable organic lead iodides with three-dimensional crystallographic and electronic structures showing high photoresponse
Authors: Fan Chang-Chun , Liang Bei-Dou , Liu Cheng-Dong , Chai Chao-Yang , Han Xiang-Bin , Zhang Wen
Published: November 2022

3D lead iodide perovskite analogs display both high stability and quasi-isotropic photoresponse, consistent with both 3D crystallographic and electronic structures.
Tuning intramolecular electron transfer of cyanide bridged [Co2Fe2] squares through chemical modifications in solid and solution
Authors: You Pei-Ye , Wei Rong-Jia , Xie Mo , Ning Guo-Hong , Oshio Hiroki
Published: November 2022

We report three cyanide-bridged [Co2Fe2] molecular squares by systematic ligand substitution and their tunable electron-transfer-coupled spin transition (ETCST) behaviors in solid and solution.
Engineered mesoporous silica-based nanoparticles as smart chemotherapy nanodevice for bortezomib administration
Authors: De Santo M. , Giovinazzo A. , Fava M. , Mazzotta E. , De Napoli I. E. , Greco M. , Comandé A. , Nigro A. , Argurio P. , Perrotta I. , Davoli M. , Tagarelli A. , Elliani R. , Granato T. , Nicolini G. , Chiorazzi A. , Semperboni S. , Ballarini E. , Crocamo C. , Cavaletti G. , Lombardo D. , Sisci D. , Morelli C. , Leggio A. , Pasqua L.
Published: November 2022

Engineered mesoporous silica-based nanostructures for selective and pH-sensitive release of the anticancer drug bortezomib. The developed “smart chemotherapy” showed higher efficacy in vivo compared to traditional free bortezomib administration.
Silver-catalysed [3 + 2] annulation reaction of aryldiazonium salts with allenes enabled by boronate direction
Authors: Peng Xing , Zheng Meng-Meng , Qin Pei , Xue Xiao-Song , Zhang Fa-Guang , Ma Jun-An
Published: November 2022

The applicability of allenylboronates as novel all-carbon formal 1,3-dipoles in the silver-catalysed annulation reaction with aryldiazonium salts for the synthesis of N-aryl pyrazoles is disclosed.
Visual detection of aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone via activating a new catalytic reaction of “naked” DNAzyme
Authors: Lu Qinrui , Liu Yue , Liu Qiao , Liu Jun , Yang Qin , Tang Jiancai , Meng Zhijun , Su Qiang , Li Shengmao , Luo Yingping
Published: November 2022

It was found for the first time that the catalytic activity of “naked” DNAzyme can be modulated by aflatoxins and zearalenone to generate different color changes, which could be applied to the visual detection for the above two analytes.
Synthesis of Al/starch co-doped in CaO nanoparticles for enhanced catalytic and antimicrobial activities: experimental and DFT approaches
Authors: Ikram Muhammad , Haider Ali , Bibi Syeda Tayaba , Ul-Hamid Anwar , Haider Junaid , Shahzadi Iram , Nabgan Walid , Moeen Sawaira , Ali Salamat , Goumri-Said Souraya , Kanoun Mohammed Benali
Published: November 2022

In this work, aluminum/starch (St)-doped CaO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a co-precipitation method to degrade harmful dyes in various pH media.
Recycling post-consumer PLA into acrylic acid or lactide using phosphonium ionic liquids
Authors: Janssens Kwinten , Stuyck Wouter , Stiers Kirsten , Wéry Jens , Smet Mario , De Vos Dirk E.
Published: November 2022

Post-consumer poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is recycled to high value monomers, either acrylic acid (AA) or lactide (LAC), using a phosphonium ionic liquid as the active solvent, in the presence or absence of an acid cocatalyst.
Insights into photoinduced carrier dynamics and hydrogen evolution reaction of organic PM6/PCBM heterojunctions
Authors: Xie Xiao-Ying , Liu Xiang-Yang , Fang Wei-Hai , Cui Ganglong
Published: November 2022

Leveraging electronic structure calculations in combination withab initio-based non-adiabatic carrier dynamics simulations, insights into photoinduced carrier dynamics and hydrogen evolution reaction of organic PM6/PCBM heterojunctions are revealed.
Meta-Therapy Applications for the Voice Evaluation
Authors: Petty Brian E. , Gillespie Amanda I. , van Leer Eva
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Meta-therapy is conceptualized as the conversation between clinician and patient that guides treatment. Because the area of meta-therapy and behavioral change is so broad, the focus of this clinical focus article is on laying the patient's foundation for therapy during the initial voice evaluation.

Conclusions:

In 2012, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association developed evidence-based recommendations for a complete physiologic voice assessment. While the standard goal of this voice evaluation is to obtain a diagnosis, it behooves clinicians to apply meta-therapy techniques even in that early diagnostic space, for instance, to assess and facilitate readiness for change. Therefore, we present stimulability testing (assessment of an individual's ability to modify a behavior when provided with models or cues) as a critical additional component of the voice evaluation. In this light, during the voice evaluation, the patient understands that voice functions physiologically like a moving instrument rather than a static organ, that the production is a learned skill that can be optimized any time, and that the patient has potential for voice change. The evaluation should also be used to assess the patient's individual voice goal, the importance of the goal, and level of self-efficacy to pursue the goal in therapy. The patient is introduced to both the “what” of therapy—the specific exercises designed to improve voice quality—and also the “how,” the dialogue about treatment rationale and expectations for ongoing voice change and ultimate therapeutic success.
Multilayer packaging dual‐band balanced bandpass filter based on dual‐mode substrate integrated waveguide cavities with split‐type topology
Authors: Sun Xiaohang , Zhou Xin , Li Yibing , Gu Xiaojun , Xu Bin , Tam Kam Weng , Zhang Gang
Published: November 2022

A new design method of the dual‐band balanced bandpass filter (BPF) using multilayer packaging dual‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities is proposed. Split‐type coupling topology based on dual‐mode resonators is developed for the design. Firstly, a single‐band balanced filter with perturbed metal vias is designed. The TE201 mode and the TE202 mode perturbed by the metal vias can form a passband. Secondly, an additional metal vias perturbed SIW cavity with the same dual‐mode is placed in the lower layer for the bandstop function. A dual‐band balanced BPF with split‐type coupling topology is successfully realised. Compared with the traditional cascaded single‐mode form, the proposed dual‐mode split‐type design has more compact size and can be more easily extended to multi‐passbands. To verify the proposed method, a dual‐band balanced filter operating at 13.3 and 14.2 GHz is designed, fabricated and measured. The designed dual‐band balanced filter has good filtering performance including differential mode passband transmission and common mode rejection. Measured results show good agreements with simulated ones.
Experimental and numerical validation of Advanced Statistical Energy Analysis to incorporate tunneling mechanisms for vibration transmission across a grillage of beams
Authors: Wang Xing , Hopkins Carl
Published: November 2022

Advanced Statistical Energy Analysis (ASEA) is used to predict vibrational response on a three-bay linear grillage of beams that supports multiple wave types when there is significant indirect coupling through tunneling mechanisms. For bending wave excitation where the component beams have identical material properties, there was agreement between measurements, ASEA and FEM (Finite Element Methods). The importance of indirect coupling was confirmed for bending-longitudinal and bending-torsional models due to ASEA predicting a higher response than SEA on beams that were distant from the source, and closer agreement between FEM and ASEA (rather than SEA) with only bending modes on all the beams or where beams supported longitudinal or torsional modes as well as bending modes. To investigate an imperfectly periodic, finite grillage that could exist due to engineering tolerances, numerical experiments with FEM were used to introduce uncertainty into the Young’s modulus for each beam. For beams modelled with Euler-Bernoulli or Timoshenko theory, the effect of this uncertainty was to reduce differences between FEM and ASEA to less than ≈3 dB. The results confirm the ability of ASEA to predict vibration transmission with significant indirect coupling across frameworks of beams that support local modes with multiple wave types.
Hypernuclear gamma-ray spectroscopy: summary and future prospect
Authors: Ukai Mifuyu
Published: November 2022

The present status and prospects of hypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy are summarized. In particular, 4-body hypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy, the recent result of 4ΛHe and the future plan of 4ΛH and charge symmetry breaking in the ΛN interaction are presented. In addition, future plans to measure the Λ-spin-flip B(M1) values of 7Λ(3/2+ → 1/2+) and 12ΛC(2− → 1−) transitions are introduced. They aim to study the g-factor of Λ in the nuclear medium.
Λ polarization measurement of the π−p → K0Λ reaction in J-PARC E40 experiment
Authors: Sakao Tamao , Honda Ryotaro , Miwa Koji , Nakada Yoshiyuki , Nanamura Takuya , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Ukai Mifuyu , Yamamoto Takeshi
Published: November 2022

We performed the J-PARC E40 experiment to measure the Σp scattering cross sections from 2018 to 2020. Together with the π−p → K+Σ− data, the π−p → K0Λ data were accumulated as a byproduct. The analysis confirmed that Λ could be identified with an S/N ratio of ∼ 2.67. The polarization of Λ(PΛ) was preliminarily derived as 1.009 ± 0.049 for the K0 angular range of 0.7 < cos θK0, CM < 0.8. It is more accurate than the past data [1]. The high polarization enables us to measure not only the differential cross section but also spin observables of the Λp scattering in the future J-PARC experiment.
K+Σ− photoproduction within an isobar model
Authors: Skoupil Dalibor , Bydžovský Petr , Cieplý Aleš , Petrellis Dimitrios , Zachariou Nicholas
Published: November 2022

We used an isobar model to study the K+Σ− photoproduction reaction on a neutron target with focus on the resonance region. In order to achieve a reasonable agreement with the data, we included spin-3/2 and spin-5/2 nucleon resonances in a consistent formalism together with a Δ resonance and two kaon resonances on top of the Born terms. The free parameters of the model were adjusted to the data from the CLAS and LEPS Collaborations on differential cross sections and photon beam asymmetry. The cornerstone of this analysis was an upgrade of the fitting method. Previously, we used only the plain χ2 minimization, which could not prevent us from overfitting the data. We, therefore, introduced a regularization method, the least absolute selection shrinkage operator (LASSO), which, together with information criteria, restricts the number of nonzero parameters and prevents us from overfitting the data. In our analysis, we arrived at two models, fit M, whose parameters were fitted with the MINUIT code only, and fit L, where we used the more advanced LASSO. Both models describe the data in a similar way and we observe only slight differences in the dσ/dΩ data description at very forward angles where the fit M is flat whereas the fit L produces two broad peaks, and in the photon beam asymmetries above 2 GeV at backward kaon angles where the fit M produces a bump. Surprisingly, no hyperon resonances are needed for the correct data description in these models. On the other hand, the N(1720)3/2+ nucleon resonance was found to be very important in both models.
Preparation status of missing-mass spectroscopy for 𝚵 hypernuclei with S-2S magnetic spectrometer
Authors: Ebata Kengo , Fujioka H. , Fujita M. , Gogami T. , Harada T. K. , Hayakawa S. H. , Honda R. , Ichikawa Y. , Kamada K. , Kobori T. , Miwa K. , Nagae T. , Nanamura T. , Negishi R. , Oura F. , Sakao T. , Son C. , Takahashi T. , Takahashi H. , Tamura H. , Tokiyasu A. O. , Ukai M. , Yamamoto T. O.
Published: November 2022

J-PARC E70 experiment measures the missing-mass of Ξ hypernuclei (12ΞBe) in Hadron Experimental Facility at J-PARC. We aim to reach the best missing-mass resolution of 2 MeV/c2 in FWHM with a new magnetic spectrometer S-2S. The high-resolution spectroscopy of Ξ hypernuclei will play an important role to understand the unknown ΞN interaction. The experiment will start at the beginning of 2023. This article presents the preparation status.
Recent progress and future prospects of hyperon nucleon scattering experiment
Authors: Miwa Koji , Nanamura Takuya , Sakao Tamao , Ahn J. K. , Akazawa Y. , Aramaki T. , Ashikaga S. , Callier S. , Chiga N. , Chiga N. , Choi S. W. , Ekawa H. , Evtoukhovitch P. , Fujioka N. , Fujita M. , Gogami T. , Harada T. , Hasegawa S. , Hayakawa S. H. , Honda R. , Hoshino S. , Hosomi K. , Ichikawa M. , Ichikawa Y. , Ieiri M. , Ikedai M. , Imai K. , Ishikawa Y. , Ishimoto S. , Jung W. S. , Kajikawa S. , Kanauchi H. , Kanda H. , Kitaoka T. , Kang B. M. , Kawai H. , Kim S. H. , Kobayashi K. , Koike T. , Matsuda K. , Matsumoto Y. , Nagao S. , Nagatomi R. , Nakada Y. , Nakagawa M. , Nakamura I. , Naruki M. , Ozawa S. , Raux L. , Rogers T. G. , Sakaguchi A. , Sako H. , Sato S. , Shiozaki T. , Shirotori K. , Suzuki K. N. , Suzuki S. , Tabata M. , Taille C. d. L. , Takahashi H. , Takahashi T. , Takahashi T. N. , Tamura H. , Tanaka M. , Tanida K. , Tsamalaidze Z. , Ukai M. , Umetsu H. , Wada S. , Yamamoto T. O. , Yoshida J. , Yoshimura K.
Published: November 2022

A new hyperon-proton scattering experiment, dubbed J-PARC E40, was performed to measure differential cross sections of the Σ+p, Σ−p elastic scatterings and the Σ−p → Λn scattering by identifying a lot of Σ particles in the momentum ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 GeV/c produced by the π±p → K+Σ± reactions. We successfully measured the differential cross sections of these three channels with a drastically improved accuracy with a fine angular step. These new data will become important experimental constraints to improve the theories of the two-body baryon-baryon interactions. Following this success, we proposed a new experiment to measure the differential cross sections and spin observables by using a highly polarized Λ beam for providing quantitative information on the ΛN interaction. The results of three Σp channels and future prospects of the Λp scattering experiment are described.
K̅N interaction, p-wave terms
Authors: Feijoo Albert , Gazda Daniel , Magas Volodymyr , Ramos Àngels
Published: November 2022

The inclusion of new ingredients that are expected to be specially relevant at higher energies could reveal more information about the physics behind the NLO terms of the chiral Lagrangian. In the present work, we explore the relevance of including partial waves higher than the L = 0, which is usually the only component considered in the literature to study the K̅N scattering phenomenology. In particular, we focus on the p-wave contribution, the effect of which is expected to be non-negligible, as we aim at obtaining the K−p scattering amplitudes at higher energies, necessary to describe the ηΛ, ηΣ0, K0Ξ0 and K+Ξ− production reactions. Extending the K̅N interaction to p-wave components is also relevant for studies of bound K− mesons in nuclei since their local momentum can acquire sizable values.
Directed flow of Λ from heavy-ion collisions and hyperon puzzle of neutron stars
Authors: Ohnishi Akira , Jinno Asanosuke , Murase Koichi , Nara Yasushi
Published: November 2022

We examine the Λ potential from the chiral effective field theory (χEFT) via the Λ directed flow from heavy-ion collisions. We implement the Λ potential obtained from the χEFT in a vector potential version of relativistic quantum molecular dynamics. We find that the Λ potentials obtained from the χEFT assuming weak momentum dependence reproduce the Λ directed flow measured by the STAR collaboration in the Beam Energy Scan program. While the Λ directed flow is not very sensitive to the density dependence of the potential, the directed flow at large rapidities is susceptible to the momentum dependence. Thus understanding the directed flow of hyperons in a wide range of beam energy and rapidity is helpful in understanding hyperon potentials in dense matter.
Recent progress on global and local polarization of hyperons in heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Niida Takafumi
Published: November 2022

Since the observation of Λ global polarization at RHIC, indicating the most vortical fluid ever observed so far, many experimental and theoretical progresses have been made in understanding of vorticity and polarization phenomena in heavy-ion collisions. But there still exist open questions which are currently being studied. In these proceedings, recent experimental results on global and local polarization of hyperons in heavy-ion collisions are reviewed.
The T+cc exotic state and its doubly bottom B(*)(s)B(*)(s) counterparts
Authors: Oset Eulogio , Liang Wei Hong , Dai Lian Rong , Molina Raquel , Roca Luís , Martínez Torres Alberto , Khemchandani Kanchan , Feijoo Albert
Published: November 2022

We have studied the exotic doubly charmed D*D system providing a natural explanation for the peak recently observed by LHCb, in terms of D*+D0 and D*0D+ with isospin I = 0. The width has been evaluated accurately based on the decay widths of the D* states. The D0D0π+ decay mode of the bound state formed is studied in detail, showing a narrow peak below the D*+D0 threshold and some strength above it, as observed in the experiment. The remarkable agreement of this approach and the latter experimental analysis supports strongly the molecular nature of this state, the first example of a meson with two open charmed quarks. This study can be naturally extended to the bottom sector giving interesting features for the B(*)(s)B(*)(s) counterparts found there. In addition, our previous study on the D*D* molecular state has been revisited taking into account the insights extracted from the Tcc state and the new results are included in the present manuscript.
Beach-Chair-Lagerung bei Schultereingriffen
Authors: Motzny Alexander
Published: November 2022

Die Lagerung für Schultereingriffe (Beach Chair) ist neben der Extensionstischlagerung eine besondere Herausforderung. Im Besonderen sind Kenntnisse zu den Zugangswegen/Portalen sowie
Kenntnisse über die Anatomie für diese Lagerung wichtig. Die röntgenologische Darstellung der knöchernen Strukturen ist eine weitere Herausforderung.
Kaliumbromid – auch heute noch ein wichtiges Antikonvulsivum
Authors: Kurlemann Gerhard
Published: November 2022

Kaliumbromid ist das älteste heute noch verwendete Antikonvulsivum, das in seiner jetzt klar eingegrenzten Indikation, dem Dravet-Sydnrom, einen berechtigten Platz hat. Verschiedene ältere und neuere Studien mit zusammen über 1500 Patienten weisen dabei darauf hin, dass Kaliumbromid als Add-on in dieser Indikation anderen gebräuchlichen Antikonvulsiva in der Unterdrückung von generalisierten tonisch-klonischen Anfällen und in der Prävention des Status epilepticus überlegen sein kann. Im Unterschied zu den Grand-mal-Anfällen sprechen Myoklonien im Allgemeinen nicht auf Kaliumbromid an. Auch das EEG bleibt weitgehend unbeeinflusst. Aufgrund der heute üblichen niedrigen Dosierungen von 30–70 mg/kg Körpergewicht und der Möglichkeit regelmäßiger Kontrollen der Serumspiegel sind schwere unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen selten geworden. Die unerwünschten Wirkungen der Bromidtherapie sind angesichts des langjährigen medizinisch-therapeutischen Einsatzes gut bekannt und betreffen in erster Linie den Magen-Darm-Trakt, die Haut und das Nervensystem.
Die gesundheitsökonomische Evaluation der GLICEMIA 2.0-Studie
als Beispiel für eine komplexe Intervention
Authors: Forster Cordula , Prax Katja , Jaensch Peter , Müller Sebastian , Hepp Tobias , Schlager Helmut , Friedland Kristina , Zerth Jürgen
Published: November 2022

Hintergrund Im Rahmen der gesundheitsökonomischen Analyse wurde in
einem Piggyback-Ansatz die Kosteneffektivität des am Point of Care
Apotheke erbrachten Präventionsprogrammes der GLICEMIA 2.0-Studie
evaluiert, das versuchte, die Teilnehmenden in der Interventionsgruppe zu einer
verbesserten glykämischen Kontrolle bei Typ-2-Diabetes mit nachhaltiger
Incentivierung von gesundheits-bewusstem Verhalten, therapeutischer Compliance
und Adhärenz heranzuführen. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt ein
passives Medikationsmanagement und ein Monitoring zum Diabetes-Status.

Methode Primärer Endpunkt der GLICEMIA 2.0-Studie war die
Stabilisierung des HbA1c-Wertes. Zur gesundheitsökonomischen
Auswertung wurden inkrementale Unterschiede in Output-Veränderungen
untersucht, definiert als Differenz der Häufigkeitsverteilung der
HbA1c-Werte zwischen den Gruppen im zeitlichen Verlauf. Als
Kostenparameter wurden direkte Programmkosten und antizipierte indirekte Kosten
der Inanspruchnahme ärztlicher Leistungen erfasst. Zur Validierung von
Kosteneffektivitätsschwellen wurde über die Bildung von
ICER-Werten ein Net-Monetary-Benefit-Ansatz herangezogen.

Ergebnis Die Interventionsgruppe erreichte signifikant höhere
Verbesserungen der HbA1c-Werte. Durch die vorgenommene
Risikostratifizierung über den Anfangsmedian der HbA1c-Werte
können Kosteneffektivitätspotenziale bei hohen
HbA1c-Ausgangswertengezeigt werden. Aufgrund des
Untersuchungszeitraums sind keine langfristigen Unterschiede in Inanspruchnahmen
ärztlicher Leistungen ersichtlich.

Schlussfolgerung Das GLICEMIA 2.0-Programm indiziert deutliche
Effektivitätspotenziale besonders bei höheren Risikograden. Der
Wirkeffekt scheint die Adhärenz der Interventions- im Vergleich zur
Kontrollgruppe befördert zu haben. Eine Ermittlung der unmittelbaren
Wirkungshebel der Gruppenintervention würde aufgrund des Charakters
einer komplexen Intervention einen längeren Zeitraum benötigen.
Aufgrund eines fehlenden Follow-up können über
längerfristige Effekte nur eingeschränkte Aussagen getroffen
werden.
Gesundheitsökonomischer Vergleich von onkologischen und
COVID-19-Patienten
Authors: Griewing Sebastian , Lingenfelder Michael , Kalder Matthias , Wagner Uwe , Gremke Niklas
Published: November 2022

Zielsetzung Ziel der Studie ist es die Auswirkungen der COVID-19 Pandemie
auf die stationär behandelten Patienten eines universitären
Maximalversorgers mit einer Krebs- und/oder COVID-19-Erkrankung zu
untersuchen. Unterscheiden sich die Patientenkollektive
gesundheitsökonomisch und ergeben sich aus den Resultaten administrative
Konsequenzen für eine proaktive Steuerung der regionalen
Krebsversorgung.

Methodik Es wurde eine retrospektive, deskriptive Datenanalyse klinischer
und gesundheitsökonomischer Parameter aller am
Universitätsklinikum Marburg stationär aufgenommenen
onkologischen und COVID-19-postiven Patienten sowie der Kombination von
onkologischen Patienten mit einer COVID-19-Erkrankung innerhalb des
Beobachtungszeitraums von 2017 bis 2021 durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Es wurde ein Rückgang onkologisch behandelter Patienten
über den gesamten Zeitraum der COVID-19-Pandemie beobachtet.
Onkologische Patienten mit einer COVID-19-Erkrankung stellen das
Patientenkollektiv mit dem höchsten Schweregrad der Erkrankung dar,
gefolgt von der COVID-19- und rein onkologischen Patienten. Dies spiegelt sich
gleichsam in den ökonomischen Leistungskennzahlen wider. Die
chronologischen Verläufe des DRG-Erlöses und Case Mix Index pro
COVID-19-Patienten weisen Unterschiede für Zeitabschnitte des
Pandemiegeschehens in Deutschland auf.

Schlussfolgerung Der Vergleich der Patientenkollektive bestätigt
das hohes Gefährdungspotential von onkologischen Patienten, welches sich
in einer gesundheitsökonomisch aufwendigen Behandlung widerspiegelt.
Nationale Maßnahmen, Kontaktbeschränkungen oder pandemische
Ereignisse lassen sich am chronologischen Verlauf der klinischen und
wirtschaftlichen Parameter nachvollziehen. Trotz des internationalen
Rückgangs an ambulanten und stationären onkologischen Patienten
ist die „state-of-the-art“ Krebsversorgung in pandemischen
Zeiten realisierbar. Aufgrund dessen besteht die Handlungsnotwendigkeit
für einen stationären Maximalversorger durch Kommunikation und
Versorgungsmodellierung die onkologische Versorgung proaktiver zu steuern.
HOMO Energy-Level Lifting in p-Type O-Doped Graphenoids: Synthesis of Electrochromic Alkoxy-Decorated Xanthenoxanthenes
Authors: Rossignon Alexandre , Berna Beatrice Berionni , Parola A. Jorge , Laia César A. T. , Bonifazi Davide
Published: November 2022

A series of novel O-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, bearing a different number of electron-donating alkoxy substituents, has been prepared using a novel copper-promoted anaerobic protocol for the cyclisation of highly electron rich peri-xanthenoxanthene molecular modules. The effect of the number and position of the alkoxy substituents on the optoelectronic properties has thus been investigated, unveiling p-type semiconducting properties. All molecules displayed a significant colour change upon oxidation, suggesting that these compounds can be used to devise chromogenic materials to engineer electrochromic devices.
Novel Application of 3D Scaffolds of Poly(E-Caprolactone)/Graphene as Osteoinductive Properties in Bone Defect
Authors: Budi Hendrik Setia , Anitasari Silvia , Shen Yung-Kang , Tangwattanachuleeporn Marut , Nuraini Prawati , Setiabudi Narendra Arya
Published: November 2022

Objective Scaffolds provided a surface on which cells could attach, proliferate, and differentiate. Nowadays, bone tissue engineering offers hope for treating bone cancer. Poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL)/graphene have capability as an osteogenic and regenerative therapy. It could be used to produce bone tissue engineering scaffolds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of PCL/graphene to enhance the osteoinductive mechanism.

Materials and Methods The PCL/graphene scaffold was developed utilizing a particulate-leaching process and cultured with osteoblast-like cells MG63 at 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 wt% of graphene. We evaluated the porosity, pore size, migratory cells, and cell attachment of the scaffold.

Statistical Analysis Data was expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean and statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc at a level of p-value < 0.05.

Results Porosity of scaffold with various percentage of graphene was nonsignificant (p > 0.05). There were differences in the acceleration of cell migration following wound closure between groups at 24 hours (p < 0.01) and 48 hours (p < 0.00). Adding the graphene on the scaffolds enhanced migration of osteoblast cells culture and possibility to attach. Graphene on 2.5 wt% exhibited good characteristics over other concentrations.

Conclusion This finding suggests that PCL/graphene composites may have potential applications in bone tissue engineering.
Temporally ultralong biphotons with a linewidth of 50 kHz
Authors: Wang Yu-Sheng , Li Kai-Bo , Chang Chao-Feng , Lin Tan-Wen , Li Jian-Qing , Hsiao Shih-Si , Chen Jia-Mou , Lai Yi-Hua , Chen Ying-Cheng , Chen Yong-Fan , Chuu Chih-Sung , Yu Ite A.
Published: November 2022

We report the generation of biphotons, with a temporal full width at the half maximum (FWHM) of 13.4 ± 0.3 µs and a spectral FWHM of 50 ± 1 kHz, via the process of spontaneous four-wave mixing with laser-cooled atoms. The temporal width is the longest, and the spectral linewidth is the narrowest to date. This is also the first biphoton result that obtains a linewidth below 100 kHz, reaching a new milestone. The very long biphoton wave packet has a signal-to-background ratio of 3.4, which violates the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality for classical light by 4.8 folds. Furthermore, we demonstrated a highly tunable-linewidth biphoton source and showed that while the biphoton source’s temporal and spectral width were controllably varied by about 24 folds, its generation rate only changed by less than 15%. A spectral brightness or generation rate per pump power per linewidth of 1.2× 106 pairs/(s mW MHz) was achieved at the temporal width of 13.4 µs. The above results were made possible by the low decoherence rate and high optical depth of the experimental system, as well as a novel scheme of classical fields’ and biphotons’ propagation directions in the experiment. This work has demonstrated a high-efficiency ultranarrow-linewidth biphoton source and has made substantial advancements in quantum technology utilizing heralded single photons.
Study on anisotropic effect correction term of Virial–Peng–Long equation of state
Authors: Peng Yue , Long Xinping
Published: November 2022

In order to correct the calculation deviation of the VPL (Virial–Peng–Long) equation of state (EOS) of gaseous detonation products, based on the L-J (Lennard-Jones) 6-12 spherical molecular potential, the change in the pressure–volume–temperature (PVT) relationship of polyatomic molecular gas at high temperature and high pressure due to the anisotropic effect of the molecular structure is calculated, further improving the accuracy of the VPL EOS in describing the PVT relationship of high temperature and high pressure gas. In this paper, on the basis of the original VPL EOS, the anisotropic effect correction term, whose form is similar to the virial terms, is introduced. Taking the PVT data of CH4 (P = 0.02–187.3 GPa and T = 752–4369 K) as the reference value, the multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm is used to calibrate the coefficients of the correction term, and the VPLR (Virial–Peng–Long-Refined) EOS is established. In order to further analyze and evaluate the improvement in the accuracy of the VPLR EOS, the PVT relationship of O2 (P = 0.01–111.5 GPa and T = 573–4066 K), CO2 (P = 0.42–111.1 GPa, T = 578–5060 K), and CO (P = 0.1–130.2 GPa, T = 591–4286 K) in a wide high temperature and high pressure region was calculated and compared with the calculated values of the original VPL EOS, Virial–Han–Long EOS, and Virial–Wu EOS. The results show that the global accuracy of the VPLR EOS has been significantly improved compared with the other three virial EOSs and that the relative deviation between the calculation results and the reference values can converge in a smaller range at most pressures and temperatures.
SOC prediction of Volterra adaptive filter based on chaotic time series
Authors: Yu Zhilong , Na Haipeng , Qi Lihua , Li Ran
Published: November 2022

This paper presents an SOC (State of Charge) prediction method based on a chaotic time series Volterra adaptive filter. This method first verifies the chaotic characteristics of the SOC time series of lithium-ion batteries and then implements the phase space reconstruction method to reorganize the voltage and current data into multi-dimensional data. Furthermore, we use the Volterra adaptive filter to predict the SOC of the lithium-ion battery pack on the reconstructed multi-dimensional data. This method can effectively solve the problem that the SOC estimation error increases due to the poor real-time performance of battery voltage, current, and other parameters of vehicular lithium-ion battery packs in electric vehicles obtained by the battery management system. According to the simulation and test results, the error of the SOC estimation algorithm studied in this paper is less than 0.6%, which indicates that the Volterra adaptive filter based on chaotic time series comprehensively uses the linear and non-linear parameter characteristics of lithium-ion batteries and recombines the voltage and current data into multi-dimensional data through phase space reconstruction technology. It can reveal the relationship between the battery SOC and other variables better, achieve higher precision lithium-ion battery SOC prediction, and have better realizability.
Influence of two simultaneous driven currents on multiple tearing modes in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Zhang Yemin , Xiang Dong , Cao Jinjia , Guo Kang , Du Dan , Gong Xueyu
Published: November 2022

The influence of two driven currents simultaneously and respectively imposed on the m/n = 2/1 and 3/2 resistive tearing modes in tokamak plasmas is researched by using a three-dimensional toroidal magnetohydrodynamic code CLT. The simulation results show that using two suitable driven currents can better suppress multiple tearing modes than using only one of the two driven currents. When the two suitable driven currents are simultaneously imposed on both the m/n = 2/1 and 3/2 modes, respectively, the two modes may be well suppressed. If only one of the driven currents is imposed on the m/n = 2/1 mode, then the m/n = 2/1 mode may be well suppressed but the m/n = 3/2 mode may be not. Conversely, if only the other of the two driven currents is imposed on the m/n = 3/2 mode, both the two modes may be not suppressed. Moreover, it should be noted that the parameters of using two driven currents to suppress multiple tearing modes must be appropriate; otherwise, some new modes (such as m/n = 5/3 mode) may be excited and grown due to the interaction among the driven currents and multiple modes.
Ultraviolet photoelectrochemical photodetector based on GaN/Cu2O core–shell nanowire p–n heterojunctions
Authors: Luo Mingrui , Song Jiaxun , Wang Jialin , Pan Xingchen , Hong Hao , Nötzel Richard
Published: November 2022

An efficient, self-powered ultraviolet photoelectrochemical photodetector based on n-GaN/p-Cu2O core–shell nanowire p–n heterojunctions is demonstrated. The photocurrent under solar light is 2–3 times larger than that for GaN nanowires. The photocurrents under the solar light and the ultraviolet light fraction are comparable, 100 µA/cm2 photocurrent density. The photocurrent under the broad visible light part is about 3% of that under solar light. The responsivity and specific detectivity reach 961.5 µA/W and 5.35 × 109 Jones under ultraviolet light, respectively. The rise/fall times are 42/65 ms. This is understood by efficient photocarrier separation, hole collection, and transport in the near-surface GaN/Cu2O p–n heterojunction.
A Survey for Examining the Validity and Reliability of the Japanese Version of the Forensic Psychiatric Nursing Competence Scale
Authors: Matsuura Kayo , Timmons David , Takano Ayumi
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to authenticate the validity and reliability of the 40-item Japanese version of the Forensic Psychiatric Nursing Competence (FPNC-J) scale. We used the FPNC-J scale and conducted anonymous online surveys with 213 nurses who worked in the forensic psychiatric wards, assessed the internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and structural and convergent validities. The goodness-of-fit indices showed a poor fit. An exploratory factor analysis identified four factors. Cronbach’s a and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient indicated moderately good reliability. This suggests that the FPNC-J scale is useful for measuring competence in forensic mental health nursing practice.
“Ni paisana, ni Jacinta”: Language and the Scaling of Indigenous Femininity in Peru
Authors: Narayanan Sandhya Krittika
Published: November 2022

In Peru, Andean indigeneity is often discursively gendered as female. Such a connection between indigeneity and femaleness is invoked in a range of discourses that marginalize the status of Indigenous individuals, and different forms of Indigenous heritage in the country. Yet does this imply that all variations of Indigenous femininity are evaluated and ideologized the same way? This article complicates the semiotic logics and frameworks by which Indigenous female figures have been evaluated and analyzed across different historical moments and ethnographic contexts in Peru. I use the concept of “scale” (Blommaert 2007; Gal and Irvine 2019) to highlight the conflicting and competing ideologized stances and modes of evaluation that compare Indigenous identities, female bodies, and linguistic practices in relation to each other. Through this analysis, I will show that the evaluation of Indigenous female identities is enmeshed in a matrix of competing ideologized scalar regimes, highlighting the need to think about the construction and evaluation of racial and gendered types as shifting across multiple semiotic fields and different ideologized paradigms of evaluation.
Independent Declarations: Attributions of Peoplehood in News Narratives
Authors: Schram Ryan
Published: November 2022

Throughout the colonial and postcolonial history of Bougainville (North Solomons Province from 1975 to 2005, Autonomous Region of Bougainville thereafter) people have asserted their sovereignty against the Papua New Guinea (PNG) state in many different ways, from demands for land rights to unilateral declarations of independence. In the 1970s and 1980s, Arawa Bulletin, a community-owned nonprofit magazine, bore accidental witness to many of these struggles for recognition, including a clan’s dispute over public use of its land in 1987 and the outbreak of a secessionist war in 1989. News narratives from this period apply a strategy for attribution of people’s political claims in which provincial government officials are delegated a role as co-narrators of events. In the provincial officials’ narratives, popular sovereignty has two faces—primordial and civil—which only local government can harmonize. The elite model promotes institutional reform but erases alternative modes of political consciousness.
Multilingualism and AI: The Regimentation of Language in the Age of Digital Capitalism
Authors: Schneider Britta
Published: November 2022

This article examines the effects of commercial digital language technologies on the regimentation of language. Language technologies based on the exploitation of large data sets—from machine translation and automatic text generation to digital voice assistants—are a particular form of human-made sign practice in which traditional language norms interact with the affordances of digital devices and the capitalist interests of those who design them. Such sociotechnological practices construct language hierarchies within the realm of commercially based language technology and can shape both dominant discourses about language in society and epistemologies of language in linguistics. The article focuses on interrelationships between digital language technology and metasemiotic interpretations of language that pertain to multilingualism, language variation, and language prestige. It examines languages as discursive constructs and reviews the role of media technology in shaping language ideology, showing that writing and print have had a crucial impact on modern language concepts. It draws on expert discourse and qualitative interviews with programmers and users and examines ideological effects of digital language technology and the potential epistemological reconfigurations of concepts of language that may emerge as a result.
Toroidal modeling of 3D perturbations generated by current filaments in scrape-off layer in tokamak with biased divertor targets
Authors: Hao G.Z. , Dong G.Q. , Cui B.T. , Liu Y.Q. , Xu Y.H. , Sun T.F. , Ji X.Q. , Wang S. , Zhao Y.F. , Xu J.Q. , Bai X. , Zhang N. , Li C.Y. , Wang L. , He H.D. , Gao J.M. , Liu Yi , Zhong W.L. , Xu M. , Duan X.R.
Published: November 2022

The divertor biasing technique offers a promising alternative to control the edge localized mode (ELM) as well as the divertor heat load in tokamaks, as compared to the resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) generated by magnetic coils. The linear resistive MHD code MARS-F (Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas
7 3681) is employed to study the plasma response to the n = 2 (n is the toroidal mode number) field perturbation in HL-2A, produced by the divertor biasing current filaments flowing in the scrape-off layer region. The response field due to biasing currents is compared with the RMP field utilized for ELM control in HL-2A. The strength of the radial resonant field perturbation, produced by the biasing currents of 100 A level, is found to be comparable with RMP generated by several kA of ELM control coil currents for the reference plasma. The plasma normal displacement near the X-point and the associated neoclassical toroidal viscosity torque are also computed to be similar between these two techniques. The modeling results thus strongly suggest that the biasing technique can be applied to control ELMs. Moreover, the biasing currents produce field perturbations, including the plasma response, that are localized more near the plasma edge (compared to the RMP counterpart), thus reducing the chance of mode locking associated with core perturbations. Particle orbit tracing also reveals that the biasing current produced magnetic perturbation tends to widen the heat deposition region and induce the strike point splitting of the ion saturation flow on the outer divertor surface, consistent with experimental observations in HL-2A. These toroidal modeling results confirm the possibility of ELM control and plasma exhaust solution by the divertor biasing technique.