bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OVERVIEW OF CANDIDATES FOR QUANTUM-RESISTANT CIPHERS
Authors: Kurysheva A. A.
Published: December 2023

This article describes the main trends in the development of cryptography, in particular, the need for active research in the field of postquantum cryptography. The purpose of the article was to review the latest trends in the field of post-quantum cryptography, due to the emergence of quantum algorithms, in order to reflect the current problems arising in the field of modern cryptography. The main method of research is the analysis of scientific literature for the period from 2016 to 2022. The use of quantum computer and quantum algorithms will significantly reduce the time of cracking keys with encryption and solve some types of cryptographic hash functions, which will lead to a significant increase in the length of keys and a decrease in performance. Due to the great economic influence of the USA, it is necessary to pay attention to the post–quantum NIST contests: from the algorithms under consideration, lattice-based algorithms will be standardized, which are the most reliable and efficient in terms of performance according to NIST, however, in order not to rely only on this type of algorithms, NIST selected alternative algorithms–isogeny–based, code–based, hash–based. So, there is a need to conduct research on the search for post-quantum algorithms of various types, which is confirmed by various NIST competitions. Post-quantum algorithms based on the computational difficulty of solving systems of many quadratic equations with many variables are also effective, such algorithms have not been considered by NIST, but they are relevant for further research. Since updating protocols, schemes and infrastructure objects must be carried out together with the introduction of new cryptographic algorithms, the replacement of currently used cryptographic algorithms can be very destructive and take decades, re-encryption with such a new algorithm of stored information and keys can also be used.
SEGMENTATION OF PICTURES CONTAINING BLADE EDGE OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE
Authors: Kotlyar D. I. , Lomanov A. N.
Published: December 2023

The article describes common techniques for semantic segmentation pictures containing edges of gas turbine engines blades for detecting left and right borders for further using in forming trajectory algorithms with direct metal deposition. For analysis such metrics, as pixel accuracy, mean pixel accuracy, intersection over union, frequency weighed intersection over union are used. Classic method of computer vision with threshold filters, border segmentation neural network method, fully convoluted neural network for semantic segmentation are focused on. The classic method of computer vision process image by several sequential applied filters: translate RBG to HSL, select lightness layer, threshold for this layer, morphological transformation, select top and bottom pixels in blade edge. This method gave 95,18 % pixel accuracy and 65,19 % intersection over union. Several architectures neural network for edge’s border segmentation, such as DexiNed, RCF, PiDiNet were compared. PiDiNet gave the best result: this architecture gave 96,37 % pixel accuracy and 77,57 % intersection over union. The last method in this research was fully convoluted neural network. 75 combinations of encoders and decoders architectures were trained and tested. The represented encoders were ResNet34, ResNet50, ResNet101, VGG11, VGG16, VGG19, InceptionResNetV2, InceptionV4, Efficientnet-b0, Efficientnet-b4, Efficientnet-b7, Xception. The represented decoders architectures were Unet, Unet++, MAnet, Linknet, PSPNet, FPN, DeepLabV3, DeepLabV3+, PAN. Fully convoluted neural network method gave the best result. The most accurate combination was Unet-InceptionResNetV2 model with 99,22 % pixel accuracy and 97,25 % intersection over union metric. The best method for semantic segmentation pictures contain blade edges was chosen.
MODULE FOR INTELLIGENT ANALYSIS OF UNSTRUCTURED TEXT DATA AS A SOUND TECHNICAL SOLUTION THAT EXPANDS THE FUNCTIONALITY OF DLP-SYSTEMS
Authors: Shadskij V. V. , Sizonenko A. V.
Published: December 2023

In this article, in accordance with the conducted research of the ways of functioning of the subsystem of content analysis of documents of information leakage prevention systems based on signature methods, its structural-functional and mathematical models are developed and presented. The conditions for achieving the maximum value of the classification quality index of this subsystem are formalized, its main disadvantages are highlighted, including those manifested in the implementation of insider destructive influence on protected information. The justification of the need to use intelligent methods in the process of content analysis is given. As a technical solution that expands the functionality of the subsystem of content analysis of documents based on signature methods, a module for intelligent analysis of unstructured text data is proposed, which allows binary classification of unstructured text data of minimal volume according to the degree of confidentiality in compliance with a given classification quality threshold. The requirements for the functioning of this module are verbally described and formalized. As part of the creation of the module, the task of two-stage optimization is formulated and presented, which consists in maximizing its efficiency function.
THE METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA ON THE INTERACTION OF THE STUDENT WITH THE E-LEARNING SYSTEM
Authors: Amaeva L. A.
Published: December 2023

In the context of digitalization of education, the learning system is being improved and learning management systems (LMS) for mixed and distance learning are being introduced into the learning process. An integral part of any online education system is an electronic information and educational environment. Modern e-learning systems do not provide students with adaptive content, but work on the principle of “the same material for everyone”. The collection and analysis of data on user interaction in the electronic information and educational environment is attracting more and more attention as a promising approach to promoting a modern understanding of the learning process, and also contributes to understanding student’s behavior. The need to collect data on student’s interaction is motivated by the emergence of many educational analysts, who seek to use data analysis to support decisions made at each level of education. The collection and analysis of available data on the participation rate in the elements of the course of students, their activity contribute to the understanding and optimization of learning, as well as the assessment of the educational environment, where learning takes place. The paper considers one of the ways to collect data on the student's work in the system by developing and implementing a plugin in LMS Moodle. The developed plugin successfully collects statistics on the interaction of students in the e-education system with the EIOS system.This statistics can be used for further analysis. To test the developed plugin, different versions of LMS Moodle were installed. As a result of testing the plugin, it was revealed that the application functions with earlier versions of Moodle, but has a relatively lower speed compared to the versions above.
GEM5: DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER SYSTEM MODELS WITH PURPOSE TO EVALUATE THE EFFICIENCY OF PARALLEL CODE
Authors: Semakin A. N.
Published: December 2023

In this paper we consider the possibility of using the gem5 computer system simulator to determine such metrics of parallel program code as its acceleration and the average workload of cpu cores on computer systems with shared memory. The working process in gem5 consists of three stages: building a model of a computer system, loading a software environment into the built model and executing a user program within this environment. The considered approach is used to evaluate the efficiency of a parallel program for modeling the transport of pollutants in the atmosphere. The program assumes both intensive work with memory and strong interaction between computational threads within the framework of parallel computing. For this purpose, two models of computer systems were created in the gem5 simulator: the simplest functional model of the “cores–RAM ” type and the detailed clock model of the “cores–three-level cache–RAM ” type. By running the program on both computer models and comparing obtained results with those observed on a real computer, it is shown that the computer system models created in gem5 are operable, correctly reproduce the functionality of real computer systems, and can be used to obtain fairly accurate estimates of such metrics as the acceleration of the program and the average workload of cpu cores. It should be noted that the accuracy of the estimates slightly depends on the number of simulated cores in computer models. For example, the acceleration accuracy obtained on the detailed clock model is 0.7 % on five cores and might increase up to 10 % on 32 cores.
SIMULATION RESULTS OF AVIATION SEARCH FOR GROUND OBJECTS USING RADAR AND THERMAL IMAGERS
Authors: Obrosov K. V. , Lisitsyn V. M. , Sikacheva M. I.
Published: December 2023

The use on aircraft of various systems for remote sensing of the earth's surface leads to a significant difference in the resolutions achievable in the optical and radar (RL) wavelength ranges. The operating ranges of radar systems and thermal imaging (TI) systems differ significantly. This complicates their integration and requires the use of special algorithms to control the positions of the regions of interest on the underlying surface (SP). Such algorithms should maximize the width of the search bandwidth and ensure that there are no unscanned sections (“dead zones”) on it. This article presents the results of modeling that are useful in solving the problems of a reasonable choice of modern radar and TI systems, their parameters and estimates of the probabilistic ranges of characteristics in their complex application for operational monitoring of traffic. The results of modeling search-detection-recognition processes make it possible to predict the probabilistic-range characteristics of detection and recognition of vehicles under various backgrounds (grass, sand, asphalt, snow, etc.) for eighty percent of weather in middle latitudes. The results of modeling the processes of detection and recognition of objects by their RL and IR contrasts using synthetic aperture RL and modern arrays of sensitive elements in TI systems are presented.
GEOINFORMATION REPRESENTATION MODEL FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF INFORMATIZATION OF URBAN ECONOMY
Authors: Koskin A. V. , Lunev R. A.
Published: December 2023

The development of management informatization technologies provides an opportunity to move to complex management, which is based on the analysis of big data and complex modeling mechanisms. A number of digital smart city management services require the use of geoinformation services for their implementation. Modern technical means make it possible to obtain the exact coordinates of the location from which the signal about the problem came from, but at present adequate mathematical models have not been developed. The article considers one of the variants of geoinformation presentation models. The location of the problem is a set of geocoordinates that determine the point of the fixed problem, determined using positioning systems on the ground. The problem location set is specified using a series of sets. Depending on the category of the problem being solved, on the basis of the existing rules for the execution of the application, a specific set of statuses is selected from the set of Sets of application statuses. A set of application statuses is a set of stages for performing work on an application that configures the sequence of work execution, their composition, and the list of performers. Sets of application statuses are formed on the basis of regulations, which prescribe the procedure for performing work and providing services for a particular problem. The model provides for specifying a set of problem locations, selecting, based on existing regulations, a specific set of statuses from a set of application status sets, taking into account the type of problem, accepted and used regulations and a set of access rights. The practical implementation of the proposed model is presented – a service for receiving applications from the population on urban issues MakeOrellBetter.rf.
MODELS FOR FORECASTING RAILROAD TRACK GEOMETRY DEGRADATION USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
Authors: Platonov E. N. , Kobilov M. T.
Published: December 2023

Railroad track maintenance has always been complex, both because of its responsibility in terms of ensuring the safety of train traffic, and because of the high labor intensity of work processes and continuous work planning. Diagnostics and monitoring of all elements of the railroad track is carried out to ensure the safety of train traffic. One of the main parameters affecting the safety and uninterrupted movement of trains is the condition of the track. Deviations and malfunctions in rail track geometry lead to both speed limitation and complete closure of the track for train traffic. Failure to correct faults in a timely manner can often lead to more serious consequences. The main parameters of track geometry have a significant impact on the smoothness of train movement and the risks of derailment of rolling stock. Therefore, monitoring and control of these parameters is a priority task to ensure the stable operation of railroads. To automate this process, data-driven fault detection and diagnosis models can be used. To solve the problem, we used modern methods of solving classification problems for tabular data collected by special track-measuring tools. Automated machine learning model generation systems served as the basis for solving the problem. These systems make it much easier to train and configure machine learning models, as well as to implement them in a production environment. The practical significance of this work is that the solution of the problem of predicting track geometry degradation can be considered as part of the decision-making system for track repair and maintenance.
ENSURING DATA UNIQUENESS IN SEMANTIC NETWORKS
Authors: Shcherbakov A. V. , Kharitonenko V. G. , Chuprov A. I. , Gainov A. E.
Published: December 2023

The article gives a brief description of knowledge representation models. Atoms of meaning (basic, minimal informational units) combined with each other to express a common meaning represent knowledge (data about data, metadata). It is shown that most of the existing knowledge representation models are based on the network representation model. A method is proposed to ensure the uniqueness (originality) of a set of data underlying the network model of knowledge representation. To ensure the uniqueness of knowledge representation by a set of data, the article proposes to use the main theorem of arithmetic: data are denoted by simple numbers (identifiers); when multiplying among themselves several prime numbers (data identifiers) in their totality conveying the aggregate semantic meaning, a natural number is obtained, which is an identifier of knowledge. The use of the basic theorem of arithmetic also provides a formalization of important data properties: internal interpretability, structuredness, connectivity, semantic metrics and activity. The presence of these properties in the data indicates that it is already data over data, or in other words, knowledge. In certain cases, this can reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm of the linguistic processor.
MODEL OF ILLEGAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING PROCEEDS FROM CRIME
Authors: Konovalov V. A.
Published: December 2023

In the interests of developing the theoretical provisions of the methodology for classifying the typologies of the risks of laundering proceeds from crime and financing of terrorism in big data from a variety of data sources of organizational systems, a study is being made of the signs of illegal economic activity. Theoretically substantiates and synthesizes a reference model of illegal economic activity of organizational systems. This model considers four stages of possible illegal economic activity of organizational systems. The stages have symbols: “institutions, organizations, structuring and actions”. The structure and composition of the elements of these stages has been analyzed. For the stage of establishment, an analysis of the sources of data necessary for counteraction was carried out, signs of illegal economic activity characteristic of this stage were identified. For the organization stage, it has been established that it is necessary to use an additional data source containing data on the competence of the head of the organizational system. For the organization stage, it was found that it is the most secretive, so it is necessary to further analyze the activity in managing systems in their telecommunications environment. The alphabet of signs of income laundering risks , presented in a linguistic, categorical form is considered. Synthesized and scientifically substantiated events in fragments of interactions of organizational systems. The categorical alphabet containing letters similar to the letters of the alphabet is considered, its formalization is carried out. A scientific substantiation and synthesis of models of individual typologies that form a generalized mathematical model of the typology of the risk of laundering proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism has been carried out. Among these models, two have been identified that provide automatic classification of typologies of individual risks and selection of words in the Markov alphabet A±2, denoting objects. It is concluded that the categorical alphabets  or provide a classification of typologies of individual risks of laundering proceeds from crime and financing of terrorism in big data of organizational systems, in an automatic mode. The classification of typologies is possible at all stages of illegal activity; for this, it is necessary to use several sources of big data.
PROCEDURE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING BASED ON AUTOMATED INFORMATION – ANALYTICAL SUPPORT SYSTEM
Authors: Evdokimenkov V. N. , Toporov N. B. , Krasilshchikov M. N. , Anisimov K. S. , Sypalo K. I.
Published: December 2023

The article demonstrates both architecture and software of the automated information – analytical support system, intended for implementation of multidisciplinary aeronautical engineering procedure. The system discussed should generate as a first approximation the design of the prospective aircraft, which could be implemented, considering actual scientific and technical level of aeronautical engineering. In case of impossibility to develop aircraft according to corresponding multidisciplinary requirements, basing on accumulated scientific and technical groundwork, it is necessary to determine priority solutions, which could provide development of discussed prospective aircraft. Implementation of described above opportunities is provided due to utilization of three problem-oriented blocks (DSS – decision support systems): DSS1 provides generation of the so called conceptual model of aircraft design problem, DSS2 generates analytical model of aircraft design problem and controls calculation procedures by generation of alternative versions of requirements applying to prospective aircraft, being developed, DSS3 provides automated support of generated aeronautical engineering solutions estimation in order to select most acceptable one. The article contains description of software, which is basis for solution of all above discussed problems, as well as approach of these problems solution as optimization ones. The article contains also result of developed both methods and software utilization applying to prospective transport aircraft design.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF A NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR SPEECH EMOTION RECOGNITION
Authors: Karpenkova D. I. , Katasev A. S.
Published: December 2023

This research presents various methods for audio recordings classification, utilizing convolutional neural network architectures. A convolutional neural network model was developed for recognizing the emotion of speech from audio recordings. To form the dataset of 48 648 recordings used for training the neural network model, RAVDESS, TESS, SAVEE and CREMA-D datasets were used and data augmentation techniques were applied. This included the addition of different types of noise to the audio recordings, varying sound pitch, as well as speeding up and slowing down the audio recordings. The purpose of these techniques was to increase the robustness of the classifier and to enable it to be able to accurately recognize the emotion of audio recordings from any source. Furthermore, the addition of these varied techniques also aimed to ensure that the model could be used in a variety of scenarios, such as call centers, security systems, voice assistants, healthcare and education, to accurately identify the emotional state of the user. After training the neural network model an accuracy of 70,53 % was achieved, demonstrating the success of the model in recognizing the emotion of the audio recordings. These findings may have a wide range of applications, allowing for a more personalized user experience, improved evaluation of user engagement, as well as more accurate and personalized treatment. Additionally, the model could be used to detect if the user is in an abnormal emotional state, thereby preventing certain functions from being accessed, providing a secure environment for the user. This research could open up opportunities for further research in the area of deep learning for audio recognition, allowing for more accurate and personalized models to be developed.
A MODEL OF THE INFORMATION SECURITY EVENT PROCESSING PROCESS AT A CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITY
Authors: Korneeva E. V. , Fedin F. O.
Published: December 2023

The article presents a model of the information security event processing process at a critical information infrastructure facility. The information system of one of the medical institutions of the city was chosen as an object of critical information infrastructure. It contains a huge amount of confidential information about patients, medications and medical procedures. The "as is" model was built before the implementation of decision support and the "as it should be" model after its use. The model was built in the ERwin Data Modeler CASE tool, which implements the industry modeling standards IDEF0 and IDEF3, which made it possible to fully cover all aspects of the system and create a visual representation of its operation. The shortcomings of the information security event processing process at the critical information infrastructure facility have been identified and a new approach to their elimination has been identified, providing for the use of a decision support subsystem based on the use of machine learning models using analytical models, which leads to a reduction in the time for identifying incidents and making various management decisions on them. This will allow you to quickly respond to possible threats and minimize the likelihood of incidents. This approach will make it possible to create a system that is adaptive to changes in the operation of the information infrastructure and offer solutions to optimize data processing processes, will increase the security level of storage, processing and transmission of confidential information.
ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM OF CONSTRUCTING AN ELIPSE FROM TWO TANGENTS
Authors: Eliseev A. A. , Mavrin S. V. , Trishchenkov A. V. , Urazov A. Z.
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the problem of constructing an ellipse by two given tangents and the coordinates of the center of the ellipse, which arises in the development of CAD design systems. When analyzing the sufficiency of the completeness of the initial data, a symmetrical display of the given lines relative to the center of the ellipse is performed, which leads to a parallelogram with an ellipse inscribed in it. The subsequent affine transformation maps the parallelogram into a square with an ellipse inscribed in it. The analysis of the obtained results allows us to conclude that the initial data are incomplete and it is necessary to supplement the initial data with the coordinate of the point of contact of the ellipse with one of the straight lines. When constructing an ellipse from the supplemented initial data, using direct and inverse affine transformations, the points through which the ellipse must pass and the equations of tangents at these points are determined. This makes it possible to compose a system of linear equations in which the unknowns are the coefficients of the general equation of the second-order curve. The resulting solution is analyzed according to the classification of second-order curves for belonging to a real ellipse. The proposed method is compared with the well-known projective-graphical method for solving the same problem.
THE MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIALIZED DIGITAL COUNTERPARTS OF PRODUCTS THAT FORM FAST-FLOWING PROCESSES IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Muzhichek S. M. , Skrynnikov A. A. , Savenko A. K. , Korzun M. A. , Popov A. M.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the prospects and provides examples of the use of modern information technologies in the development of specialized digital counterparts of products that form fast-flowing processes in the environment (IFOS BP). The relevance and rationality of the use of modern information technologies at various stages of ground tests of IFOS BP are shown. Such stages as receiving information by information sensors about the impact of IFOS BP on the environment, primary processing of the received information, bringing it to a form convenient for transmission over a wireless channel, transmitting the processed information over a wireless channel to a remote computer, secondary processing of information, bringing it to a form convenient for use in modeling should be automated. As an example, the above stages are considered in relation to shock-wave phenomena caused in the environment by the action of IFOS BP. In the calculations carried out, it is shown that the value of the “efficiency-cost” criterion for testing methods using modern information technologies has increased by more than 3 times in comparison with the currently used methods. Thus, based on the results of the IFOS BP tests, it was concluded that in modern conditions, automation of IFOS BP tests is one of the major factors that ensure the high quality of their implementation and the reliability of the results obtained. In addition, the automation of product testing, taking into account the possibilities of using modern information technologies, can significantly reduce the time and financial costs of conducting them.
MARKOV NETWORK MODEL
Authors: Konovalov V. A.
Published: December 2023

Markov networks synthesized from the N-scheme of the Markov algorithm, developed to replace his well-known y-scheme, are studied theoretically from the standpoint of theories of algorithms and categories. The provisions of the theory of Markov algorithms are developed in the direction of synthesizing methods for the joint processing of words and morphism values that are occurrences in these words. In Markov networks, morphisms are weighted according to the method adopted in artificial neural networks. The material for the synthesis of Markov networks are diagrams of Markov occurrences of words into each other, obtained from input data samples, by classifying occurrences in the alphabet M = λιτφпо1…оx/αβδγχκμ. The Markov network model and the activation function of its morphemes are synthesized and subjected to scientific analysis. The idea of joint consideration of category theory and the theory of Markov algorithms is developed for the control channel, so this control channel is understood as an n-category associator introduced into the N-scheme of the Markov algorithm. In Markov networks, chain termination mechanisms are studied, using the control channel command, using combined methods of classifying words and morphisms, previously studied for the N-scheme of his algorithm, the evolution of categories formed by words is considered due to their occurrences in each other. For the method of synthesizing training samples from diagrams of Markov occurrences, a scientific substantiation of prescriptions for processing samples is carried out. For activation functions, examples of their implementation are considered. The categorical representation of the activation function is synthesized for Markov networks and subjected to a separate scientific analysis. For single-layer and multi-layer Markov networks of direct distribution, a block diagram has been developed. In Markov networks, the concept of zero-nets is introduced. As a promising direction for further theoretical research in Markov networks, multilayer Markov networks of indirect propagation are singled out, which have a conclusion that cannot be considered normal according to Markov. In the conclusions to the study, it is noted that Markov networks have a category-theoretic representation and can be synthesized from Markov zero-nets.
DEVICE FOR AUTOMATED CONTROL OF EXPIRATION DATES OF FOODSTUFFS, STORED IN REFRIGERATOR
Authors: Roslyakov A. V. , Efremov D. A.
Published: December 2023

One of the main problems of storing food (especially perishable) in refrigerators is compliance with their expiration dates. To solve it, it is necessary to constantly monitor and promptly notify food consumers about the approaching expiration of these deadlines. At present, this problem is solved mainly manually by checking the expiration date information printed on food packaging visually or using a hand-held scanner. At the same time, time is spent on checking, there is a high probability of untimely consumption of the food product or even its spoilage, which leads to certain financial losses. Today, given the development of Internet of Things technologies, it is possible to simply and cheaply automate the process of monitoring the expiration dates of food products stored in refrigerators and having a corresponding label on the packaging. Since 2021, Russia has introduced mandatory labeling of dairy products using the 2D Data Matrix code, which allows you to obtain data on expiration dates from the Chestny Znak state labeling and tracking system. Currently, the industry is already producing smart household refrigerators that can be connected to the Internet to transmit various information to the user. However, the common disadvantages of the known designs of smart refrigerators are their high cost, design complexity and the impossibility of working with 2D Data Matrix code labels applied to food packaging. A solution is proposed in the form of a stand-alone wireless smart device that allows you to simply and economically implement automatic notification of users about the approaching expiration date of food stored in the refrigerator, thereby eliminating the possibility of untimely consumption and spoilage. The proposed device does not require structural changes to the equipment of the refrigerator, has a low cost and ease of installation and use, and allows you to turn an ordinary refrigerator into a smart one.
Barrieren für die Nachhaltigkeitstransformation in Unternehmen – und wie man sie lösen kann
Authors: Kords Udo
Published: December 2023

Der nachhaltige Wandel in Unternehmen geht nur schleppend voran. Wo neue Geschäftsmodelle und ein mutiges Umdenken gefordert wären, herrschen oftmals die übliche Handlungslogik und das Festhalten an internen Regeln und Gewohnheiten vor. Doch es gibt Hebel, um diese Denkmuster aufzubrechen.
Für den Erhalt der Biodiversität und den Schutz des Klimas ist eine grundlegende Transformation unabdingbar
Authors: Dehnhardt Alexandra , Settele Josef
Published: December 2023

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthema
Biodiversitäts- und Klimakrise gemeinsam angehen – eine Betrachtung aktueller Politikprozesse
Authors: Hedden-Dunkhorst Bettina , Wulf Simone , Freitag Martin , Heinze Stefanie
Published: December 2023

Die Biodiversitäts- und Klimakrise haben Politikprozesse auf globaler, europäischer und nationaler Ebene angeregt. Dabei wird naturbasierten Lösungen, die Biodiversitäts- und Klimaschutz verbinden, eine wichtige Rolle beigemessen.
Perancangan UI/UX pada Website Pengelolaan Manajemen Toko Muthia dengan Metode Design Thinking dan SUS
Authors: Widodo Ageng , Sundari Jenie
Published: December 2023

Pengelolaan manajemen toko pada Toko Muthia sejak awal didirikan hingga sampai saat ini tidak ada perubahan dari segi operasional pencatatan penjualan dan monitoring stok barang yang masih dilakukan secara manual dengan buku catatan dan Microsoft Excel. Dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi informasi yang semakin pesat dan modern, maka perubahan pengelolaan manajemen toko tersebut bisa dilakukan sesuai dengan kebutuhan operasional dan karyawan. Metode design thinking digunakan dalam perancangan UI/UX website pengelolaan manajemen Toko Muthia, yang terdiri atas beberapa tahapan diantaranya adalah empathize, define, ideate, prototype dan test. Dengan system usability scale sebagai metode perhitungan pada tahap testing. Design thinking adalah suatu pendekatan penyelesaian masalah pengguna dengan mengetahui kendala yang dialami dan harapan ya ng dibutuhkan terhadap pengelolaan manajemen toko ini. Selanjutnya membuat sebuah solusi atau ide atas kendala dan harapan yang telah disampaikan oleh pengguna sehingga nantinya menghasilkan sebuah fitur pada rancangan user interface dan user experience pada website pengelolaan manajemen toko yang dibuat. Setelah itu melakukan testing dengan metode perhitungan system usability scale  atas fitur yang telah dibuat untuk mengetahui apakah rancangan tersebut telah mengatasi masalah dan memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna. Perancangan ini berfungsi untuk memudahkan karyawan atas pengelolaan manajemen toko ditengah semakin banyaknya pelanggan.
Evaluation of five multisteroid LC‒MS/MS methods used for routine clinical analysis: comparable performance was obtained for nine analytes
Authors: Braun Valentin , Ceglarek Uta , Gaudl Alexander , Gawinecka Joanna , Müller Daniel , Rauh Manfred , Weber Matthias , Seger Christoph
Published: December 2023

Objectives

A mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS)-based interlaboratory comparison study was performed for nine steroid analytes with five participating laboratories. The sample set contained 40 pooled samples of human serum generated from preanalyzed leftovers. To obtain a well-balanced distribution across reference intervals of each steroid, the leftovers first underwent a targeted mixing step.

Methods

All participants measured a sample set once using their own multianalyte protocols and calibrators. Four participants used in-house developed measurement platforms, including IVD-CE certified calibrators, which were used by three participants; the 5th lab used the whole LC‒MS kit from an IVD manufacturer. All labs reported results for 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, cortisol, and testosterone, and four labs reported results for 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone, cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and progesterone.

Results

Good or acceptable overall comparability was found in Bland‒Altman and Passing‒Bablok analyses. Mean bias against the overall mean remained less than ±10 % except for DHEAS, androstenedione, and progesterone at one site and for cortisol and corticosterone at two sites (max. −18.9 % for androstenedione). The main analytical problems unraveled by this study included a bias not previously identified in proficiency testing, operator errors, non-supported matrix types and higher inaccuracy and imprecision at lower ends of measuring intervals.

Conclusions

This study shows that intermethod comparison is essential for monitoring the validity of an assay and should serve as an example of how external quality assessment could work in addition to organized proficiency testing schemes.
Modelling of convective drying of potatoes polyhedrons
Authors: Silva Júnior Marco A. V. , Leite Mariani A. , Dacanal Gustavo C.
Published: December 2023

This work aimed to develop numerical models to predict the moisture content and deformation of potato slices during convective drying (40–80 °C, 0.5 m·s−1). Three-dimensional slices were considered in cylindrical, cubic, parallelepiped, and prism geometries. The first classic model coupled the linear constant drying rate period with the analytical solution of Fick’s law in spherical coordinates, evaluating the mass diffusion coefficients (4.2–15.5·10−10 m2·s−1), critical drying time (1640–5085 s), and critical moisture content (1.8–2.4 kg·kg−1). The Finite Element Method (FEM) was a more robust model, that combined momentum and mass transfer to three-dimensional solid deformation of polyhedrons by ALE method, evaluating the mass diffusivity (1.4–6.5·10−10 m2·s−1). The FEM model could predict the shrinkage due to water molar flux removal on moving solid boundaries and explain the pseudo-constant drying rate detected in experimental data. The developed models accurately described the drying of food materials with a high shrinkage ratio.
Undecorated Roman-Period Roof Tiles – An Old Material Providing New Results
Authors: Hamari Pirjo
Published: December 2023

Undecorated ceramic roof tiles and their fragments are one of the most enduring and numerous remains of the earthen architecture of the Roman period to survive to us from many parts of the Roman world, especially from the Mediterranean region. Despite this, we have huge gaps in our knowledge regarding this material due to the sparsity in specialist studies and published excavation or survey records. The most detrimental gap is a lack of sufficiently fine-grained tile typology to easily situate and compare any tile material found. This work will outline the methodology used in the author’s recent research concerning Roman-period ceramic roof tiles in the Eastern Mediterranean and discuss the different ways we can approach undecorated roof tiles as material to gain valuable data. The work will also touch on the current limitation we have for further research in using this material as a dataset based on the status of research (limited and biased), the methodologies that would be most valid for research (e.g. is typology still a valid tool?), and the means we have in increasing the value of this material as a source for knowledge (better documentation). Such research allows us to gain meaningful and interesting new information on style, production, and transfer of knowledge and technology, which ultimately will help us to better understand how past societies functioned and interacted.
Schrödinger’s Rose: Indeterminacy and Contingent Futures in the Plant Variety Rights System of Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Jefferson David J.
Published: December 2023

Plant variety rights, a somewhat obscure and technical form of intellectual property, are often assumed to be conceptually uncomplicated. The two essential purposes of plant variety rights laws are typically to incentivise the creation of novel varieties with useful characteristics and to reward breeders for these efforts. These rationales are seldom questioned. However, plant variety rights regimes might be better understood as open-ended, containing multiple potential futures that are innate though they may never be fully realised. This article reviews a series of Parliamentary debates over the three generations of plant variety rights legislation in Aotearoa New Zealand. The article shows that over time, rather than remain static the perceived rationale for recognising intellectual property for plants in New Zealand has shifted and expanded. Justifications have grown from a narrow focus on supporting a nascent, export-oriented horticultural industry to the endorsement of a broad platform that aims both to promote domestic agricultural innovation and to achieve Indigenous sovereignty over culturally significant plants. The prior indeterminacy that characterises plant variety rights legislation in Aotearoa invokes the metaphor of Schrödinger’s cat, in that these laws’ multiple futures are contingent and may resolve themselves differently depending on whose aspirations are formally recognised and applied in practice. The nature of plant variety rights is therefore spectral, pervaded – both implicitly and sometimes overtly – by the ambitions of different people, as well as by the types of plants and ways of knowing that these laws exclude.
Analysis of Two Different Inks and Application Techniques on Palm Leaf Manuscripts Through Non-Invasive Analysis
Authors: Yu Chen , Zhang Meifang , Song Xin
Published: December 2023

Influenced by the spreading route of Buddhism, palm leaf manuscripts in China are mostly distributed in Yunnan province and Tibet. The ink of palm leaf manuscripts from Yunnan province is left in the incisions, while the ink of palm leaf manuscripts from Tibet is written on the surface. The two inks have different compositions and application techniques, which may lead to varying degrees of flaking and ink loss. Application technique and ink composition are crucial for conservation measures. In this study, non-destructive analysis techniques including a portable digital microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were undertaken to analyse the characteristics and preservation condition of inks applied with different techniques on palm leaf manuscripts. Morphologies indicated that the interaction of ink and support influence the type and extent of ink loss. FTIR and XRF results showed significant differences in ink composition between incised palm leaf manuscripts from Yunnan and surface-written manuscripts from Tibet. Manuscripts from different periods within the same region exhibited similarities in ink composition. This paper significantly contributes to understanding properties of inks, offering an essential reference for ink consolidation.
Exploring non-covalent interactions between caffeine and ascorbic acid: their significance in the physical chemistry of drug efficacy
Authors: Abraham Alen Binu , Alzahrani Abdullah Y. , Thomas Renjith
Published: December 2023

Drug–drug interactions occur when two or more molecules interact, potentially altering their effectiveness and cause adverse effect to human health. Caffeine is known to interact with many other drug molecules. Our study was designed to shed insights on characteristics of non-covalent interaction (NCI) and quantify the prevalence of drug–drug interaction between the caffeine and ascorbic acid molecule in gas phase and solvent phase (water) using Density Functional Theory. It was found that caffeine and ascorbic acid molecules interact with one another through hydrogen bonds (HBs) in various ways which can be deduced from the optimized structures and the resulting calculation of binding energy was observed −14.65 kcal/mol and −11.62 kcal/mol in gas and water phase respectively. The Natural Bond Orbital analysis confirmed that the highest stabilization energy interactions are the same interactions which are found to be the possible hydrogen bonds. The RDG, AIM, LED analyses confirmed the delocalisation and localisation of the electron in the complex. The understanding of the non-covalent interaction between caffeine and ascorbic acid may help to further study the drug effectiveness and drug delivery systems.
Southern province of the first African state: discovery of the Kerman settlement in Letti, Sudan
Authors: Osypiński Piotr , Osypińska Marta , Kokolus Justyna , Wiktorowicz Paweł , Łopaciuk Roman , Gismallah Amel Hassan
Published: December 2023

Discoveries at Letti provide important data on the functioning and reach of one of the oldest African civilisations: the kingdom of Kerma (2500–1500 BC). Extensive surveys and preliminary excavations have recorded numerous settlement and funerary sites in the region. Our results help to expand the economic data and chronology.
Failure on the frontier: a response to Price & Jaffe
Authors: Kitching Paul , Witcher Robert
Published: December 2023

Price and Jaffe (2023) argue that acknowledging failure humanises the past. It can also serve as a lens through which to reflect on archaeological reasoning. Here, we turn to the Roman world, and the frontier of northern Britain in particular, to consider how intentionality, distributed agency and moral judgement intersect with the recognition of failure in the past—and with the failures of archaeologists themselves.
Lower Repetition Induces Similar Postactivation Performance Enhancement to Repetition Maximum After a Single Set of Heavy-Resistance Exercise
Authors: Chen Ching-Feei , Chuang Chih-Yuan , Wang Chia-Chi , Liu Shin-An , Chang Hui-Wen , Chan Kuei-Hui
Published: December 2023

Chen, C-F, Chuang, C-Y, Wang, C-C, Liu, S-A, Chang, H-W, and Chan, K-H. Lower repetition induces similar postactivation performance enhancement to repetition maximum after a single set of heavy-resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 848–855, 2024—The study was divided into 2 parts to investigate the acute postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) responses to lower repetitions at the same load of 87% 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the upper and lower body. In part 1, 14 athletes performed plyometric push-up (PPU) after the conditioning activity (CA) of bench press (BP). In part 2, 13 athletes performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) after the CA of parallel squat (PS). Subjects completed 3, 4, or 5 repetitions (trials CA-3, CA-4, or CA-5) of BP or PS in randomized and counterbalanced order. The velocity of each movement of the trial was recorded. The PPU or CMJ was tested every 2 minutes after the trial up to 12 minutes to assess the Post-Max and optimal individual PAPE time. The mean velocity of the last movement of BP in CA-5 was significantly lower than that in CA-3 (0.23 ± 0.06 vs. 0.28 ± 0.06 m·second−1, p < 0.05), and the velocity of PS in CA-4 or CA-5 was significantly lower than that in CA-3 (0.53 ± 0.07 and 0.50 ± 0.05 vs. 0.57 ± 0.07 m·second−1, p < 0.05). The peak force of PPU and jump height of CMJ at Post-Max in the 3 trials were significantly greater than those at Pre (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences among trials in the optimal individual PAPE times in either part of the study. A single set of 87% 1RM resistance exercises with 3 or 4 repetitions in both the upper body and the lower body induces similar PAPE to repetition maximum.
Profile of Physical Demands in Female Soccer Players During Competitions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rodríguez Porras Lester Daniel , Solano-Mora Luis , Rivas-Borbón Milton , Moreno-Villanueva Adrián , Soler-López Alejandro , Pino-Ortega José , Ugalde-Ramírez José Alexis
Published: December 2023

The rapid expansion of women's soccer has triggered scientific curiosity to gain a deeper understanding of its game dynamics. To organize scientific findings related to the physical demands of women's soccer during official competitions, contextual factors such as game positions, match periods, type of competition, and match outcomes have been considered. This aims to provide a comprehensive and current overview of physical exertion profiles. This systematic review included PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Science Direct, ERIC, and Scielo electronic databases. A total of 1,859 studies were found, of which, after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 28 articles were selected. The study found high variability in racing thresholds for high speeds, with central midfielders covering more total distance and wingers covering more distance at high intensities. Forwards register more sprints, and physical efforts decrease in the second period of the game. International matches demand more effort, and physical demands in women's soccer are influenced by contextual factors. To design effective training programs, specific profiles for each game position and the type of competition should be considered, and standardization of high intensity and acceleration thresholds is necessary for accurate conclusions.