bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gendered Norms and HRM Practices at Workplace: Evidence from Public Banking Sector in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kodagoda Thilakshi
Published: August 2019

This article seeks to understand under-representation of women in the top managerial positions in Sri Lanka’s public banking sector and how HRM practices at the workplace impact their careers. The narratives of women bank managers show that they possess skills, confidence and a desire to climb up the career ladder. However, women’s ambitions for managerial positions and promotion to decision-making levels are implicitly limited by the state bureaucracy. Organizations need to establish and maintain better human resource practices and organizational culture for gender equality as well as organizational effectiveness. The article offers policy implications and avenues for future research. It is based on a study of 15 women managers working in the public banking sector. In-depth, semi-structured interviews with these key respondents formed the core research technique.
Book review: José Van Dijck, Thomas Poell and Martijn De Waal, The Platform Society: Public Values in a Connective World
Authors: Shipra
Published: August 2019

José Van Dijck, Thomas Poell and Martijn De Waal, The Platform Society: Public Values in a Connective World. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2018, 226 pp., ₹2652. ISBN 9780190889777 (paperback).
Bullying Victimization Among School-Going Adolescents in Malaysia: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: Tan LeeAnn , Ganapathy Shubash Shander , Sooryanarayana Rajini , Hasim Mohd Hazrin , Saminathan Thamil Arasu , Mohamad Anuar Mohamad Fuad , Ahmad Fazila Haryati , Abd Razak Mohamad Aznuddin , Rosman Azriman
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with bullying victimization from a nationwide school-based survey among 27 458 students aged 13 to 17 years. The overall prevalence of having been bullied in the past 30 days was 16.2%; this decreased with age. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that factors most strongly associated with bullying victimization were exposure to physical attacks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.17-2.79), illicit drug use (aOR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.78-3.34), involvement in physical fights (aOR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.74-2.23), being younger than 14 years (aOR =1.95, 95% CI = 1.59-2.38), and having ever attempted suicide (aOR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.51-2.21). Other significantly associated factors include loneliness, truancy, making suicidal plans, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Exposure to bullying victimization can result in negative lifelong sequelae and important associated factors should be considered in planning effective school-based anti-bullying interventions.
Assessment of the Role of the Pediatric Nurse in Patient Education and Follow-up of Patients Receiving Oral Anticancer Treatment
Authors: Shinnick Sara
Published: August 2019

Objective: To assess the role of the pediatric nurse/advanced practice provider in patient education and follow-up of patients receiving oral anticancer therapy. Methods: Association of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurses members were invited to participate in a survey that focused on the nurses’ roles in patient education of patients taking oral oncolytic agents. Data were collected via a 16-item questionnaire. Respondents included 197 nurses and advanced practice providers. Content analysis techniques were used to describe the qualitative data while Fisher’s exact test and chi-square test were used in the quantitative statistical analysis. Results: Seventy-one percent of respondents reported some type of involvement in patient education. Knowledge as well as comfort level improved as years of oncology nursing experience increased. Generally, policies and procedures are in place; however, nurses noted there is a need for improved oral oncolytic guidelines. Nurses also reported a need for improved and updated educational resources. Conclusion: While the development of oral oncolytic agents continues to rise, findings show a need to develop evidence-based guidelines for nurses, which include management of oral oncolytic dosing, adverse events, and safety issues.
A magnetorheological elastomer rail damper for wideband attenuation of rail noise and vibration
Authors: Sun Shuaishuai , Yang Jian , Yildirim Tanju , Ning Donghong , Zhu Xiaojing , Du Haiping , Zhang Shiwu , Nakano Masami , Li Weihua
Published: August 2019

The noise and vibration effects of rails can have a significant impact on the environment surrounding the railways. Rail dampers are elements that are attached to the sides of the rail and can improve the track decay rate of rail and then enhance the rails’ ability to attenuate noises and vibrations. However, in practical applications, the most efficient rail damper design still cannot adjust its own parameters to adapt to different requirements because their stiffness and damping are fixed after designed. In this work, a tunable magnetorheological elastomer rail damper that works on the principle of a dynamic vibration absorber has been designed, analysed, characterised, and experimentally tested for the suppression of railway noise and vibration. The new rail damper incorporates variable stiffness magnetorheological elastomer layers, whose stiffness can be controlled by an externally applied magnetic field, to realise adaptive characteristics. Experimental characterisations of the magnetorheological elastomer rail damper were performed with an electromagnetic shaker. Subsequently, theoretical predictions of the track decay rate of a UIC-60 rail with different rail dampers and without rail damper were conducted; simulation results verified that magnetorheological elastomer rail dampers can improve the track decay rate of rail over a wider frequency range compared to conventional rail dampers and thus the performance of the magnetorheological elastomer rail damper outperforms other conventional rail dampers on rail noise reduction.
Reflections on the Role of Bemusement in Institutional Disruption
Authors: Vince Russ
Published: August 2019

In this essay, I reflect on the disruptive potential of bemusement. When people are bemused, we feel confused or bewildered. We can also feel wry pleasure, especially if we are bemused by something perplexing, that confounds expectations or norms. I explore how the affective tensions of bemusement can unsettle persons’ emotional investment in institutional order. I argue that disruption arises from surfacing the absurdities that are part of what is accepted as normal, and I illustrate this with a discussion of the “Dismaland Bemusement Park.” I assert the importance of confounding stability, order, and rationality by recognizing the parallel existence of confusion, absurdity, and illogics. Practical access to these parallel dynamics arises from the art of cultural subversion. Such an art both politicizes and gives pleasure to those involved in disruption and it embraces the ensuing confusion as a critique—as a potentially insightful twist on institutional order.
A multi-scale fatigue–creep coupled damage model for steel structures under extreme cyclic loading and temperature
Authors: Guo Huajing , Sun Bin , Li Zhaoxia
Published: August 2019

In order to compute the process from the damage accumulation to failure of steel structures under extreme cyclic loading and temperature, a multi-scale fatigue–creep damage model has been developed. Based on the balance of micro-crack number density theory, the multi-scale fatigue damage model has been established using generalized self-consistent method. In the fatigue damage model, the scatter of micro-crack length is expressed by two-parameter Weibull distribution and the interaction among micro-cracks has been studied. In turn, the multi-scale fatigue–creep damage model has been developed by considering the nonlinear coupling of fatigue damage and creep damage. The validity of the developed model has been verified by comparing the predicted damage evolution curves with experimental damage data. The developed model enables to more accurately study the fatigue degradation of steel structures than the phenomenological damage models. Fatigue–creep damage analysis on steel turbine blades under different extreme operating condition are performed using the developed model.
County-Level Unemployment Rates and Service Intensity in Primary Care Physician Offices for Medicare Patients
Authors: Li Jing , Chen Alice , Parks Moon , Ghosh Arnab , Casalino Lawrence P.
Published: August 2019

The macroeconomic environment has been shown to affect health-care service utilization. We examined the relationship between unemployment rate and service intensity among a nationally representative sample of primary care office visits from Medicare patients by merging data from the 2006–2012 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey with unemployment data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Multispecialty practices demonstrated increases in the number of electrocardiogram tests prescribed and the number of return appointments scheduled. In contrast, single-specialty practices did not respond on those margins and instead increased the likelihood of administering diagnostic and screening examinations. We found no significant relationship between unemployment rates and the number of laboratory and imaging services, magnetic resonance imaging use, referrals, or medication prescribing. These results were robust to controlling for extensive visit characteristics and county-, year-, and month-fixed effects. Our results suggest that physicians responded to the Great Recession by changing their practice behavior.
Engagement With Air Quality Information: Stated Versus Revealed Preferences
Authors: Delmas Magali A. , Kohli Aanchal
Published: August 2019

Air pollution has a significant impact on health but is often invisible to the naked eye. Real-time air quality information can help people take action to protect their health. However, little is known on how to most effectively frame air quality information to promote public health. We conducted a field experiment to study people’s engagement with real-time air quality information provided through a smartphone application (app). We tested 12 different messaging strategies on both intent to engage with air quality information (through a survey), and actual engagement with air quality information tracked through the app in response to the messaging strategies. Our results, based on 835 survey respondents and 2,740 app users, show that intent to engage and actual engagement differ. Overall, users’ demographics were the most important predictor of engagement with messages. This research demonstrates the significance of testing messaging strategies through field experiments rather than through surveys, and the importance of targeted messages.
Hierarchical Classification of Cancers of Unknown Primary Using Multi-Omics Data
Authors: Bavafaye Haghighi Elham , Knudsen Michael , Elmedal Laursen Britt , Besenbacher Søren
Published: August 2019

A cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastatic cancer for which standard diagnostic tests fail to locate the primary cancer. As standard treatments are based on the cancer type, such cases are hard to treat and have very poor prognosis. Using molecular data from the metastatic cancer to predict the primary site can make treatment choice easier and enable targeted therapy. In this article, we first examine the ability to predict cancer type using different types of omics data. Methylation data lead to slightly better prediction than gene expression and both these are superior to classification using somatic mutations. After using 3 data types independently, we notice some differences between the classes that tend to be misclassified, suggesting that integrating the data might improve accuracy. In light of the different levels of information provided by different omics types and to be able to handle missing data, we perform multi-omics classification by hierarchically combining the classifiers. The proposed hierarchical method first classifies based on the most informative type of omics data and then uses the other types of omics data to classify samples that did not get a high confidence classification in the first step. The resulting hierarchical classifier has higher accuracy than any of the single omics classifiers and thus proves that the combination of different data types is beneficial. Our results show that using multi-omics data can improve the classification of cancer types. We confirm this by testing our method on metastatic cancers from the MET500 dataset.
Cavitation erosion resistance of ZrC nanoceramic coating
Authors: Ding Hongqin , Jiang Shuyun , Xu Jiang
Published: August 2019

A ZrC nanoceramic coating was prepared on the bare 316 stainless steel for improving the cavitation erosion resistance by the double glow discharge sputter technique. The phase constitution and surface microstructure of the ZrC nanoceramic coating were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscopy. A 10-µm-thick ZrC nanoceramic coating exhibited equiaxed grains with an average grain size of 9 nm. The adhesion strength and mechanical properties for the ZrC nanoceramic coating were evaluated by scratch test and nanoindentation. The hardness value of the ZrC nanoceramic coating was about four times that of the uncoated 316 stainless steel. The cavitation erosion behavior of the ZrC nanoceramic coating in tap water was characterized by the combination of an ultrasonic vibration system with an electrochemical workstation. The volume loss, erosion depth, scanning electron microscope morphology, and electrochemical test were adopted to assess the surface damage of the ZrC nanoceramic coating. The results show that the volume loss of the ZrC nanoceramic coating is 0.53 mm3, which is only 46% of the 316 stainless steel (1.14 mm3) after cavitation test, and erosion damage of the ZrC nanoceramic coating is significantly decreased as compared to the uncoated 316 stainless steel. The electrochemical test results also indicate that the ZrC nanoceramic coating shows higher corrosion resistance than the 316 stainless steel under cavitation erosion condition. Thus, the ZrC nanoceramic coating can be adopted to enhance the cavitation erosion resistance of the 316 stainless steel.
The shared stories that written words tell when no one is reading: exploring modality in typographic landscapes as an ecosocial semiotic system
Authors: Pescatore Frisk Ryan , Pauwels Luc
Published: August 2019

In this article, the authors argue that typography at times functions as a primary semiotic resource when compared to the semantic meaning of text. The central inquiry further claims that this phenomenon is not an exception but, instead, a fundamental characteristic of systematic relationships in the broader semiotic network and may be understood from this perspective. The study explores typographic meaning as an ecosocial semiotic network to research how local ideologies are influenced by trajectories of semiotic potential across scales of time and space. The exploration takes up the task (however lightly or implicitly) of connecting ideas of distinct features of typography (serifs, proportions, construction, organization, cohesion, etc.) to a network of semiotic potential that is materialized within social practices of local communities. It develops an approach to understanding recurring characteristics in the semiotic system of typography through material/semiotic biases or material couplings, namely how material processes, human physiology and culture influence (and continuously reinforce) meaning in written words.

Building on the assumption that aspects of material origin and social practice interact to produce variation in typographic artifacts, ecosocial semiotic theory is incorporated as a conceptual framework as well as an evaluation criteria to test the central argument. It evaluates an approach to connecting broadly distributed, large-scale cultural patterns to emplaced social practices through the idea of modality. Two prominent strands of modality are surveyed, connecting findings from the initial case study to a broader ecosocial semiotic network. Through the idea of modality, the authors present a clear argument for why typography, as a semiotic resource, is fundamentally different from images and may be seen as a direct manifestation of social difference within everyday practices.
Online monitoring of metal fatigue life
Authors: Lijesh KP , Mehdizadeh Mohammad , Khonsari Michael M
Published: August 2019

A novel nondestructive testing methodology is proposed for online monitoring health and for in situ determination of the fatigue life of a component. This method only requires the determination of current and voltage consumed by the driving motor during its operation. The efficacy of the proposed method is established by performing a series of bending fatigue experiments over a wide range of operating conditions with specimens made of SS304 and SS321 materials. Results are correlated with those obtained thermographically via an infrared camera. To further establish the utility of the approach, tests were conducted with Aluminum 7075-T6 material that experiences minimal temperature rise and renders the thermographic method inefficient. The results show that the proposed method is effective in monitoring the failure of the specimen accurately and reliably.
A model-based fatigue damage estimation framework of large-scale structural systems
Authors: Giagopoulos Dimitrios , Arailopoulos Alexandros , Natsiavas Sotirios
Published: August 2019

A model-based fatigue damage estimation framework is proposed for online estimation of fatigue damage, for structural systems by integrating operational vibration measurements in a high-fidelity, large-scale, finite element (FE) model and applying a fatigue damage accumulation methodology. To proceed with fatigue predictions, one has to infer the stress response time histories characteristics based on the monitoring information contained in vibration measurements collected from a limited number of sensors attached to a structure. Predictions, like the existence, the location, the time, and the extent of the damage, are possible if one combines the information in the measurements with information obtained from a high-fidelity FE model of the structure. Such a model may be optimized with respect to the data, using state-of-the-art FE model updating techniques. These methods provide much more comprehensive information about the condition of the monitored system than the analysis of raw data. The diagnosed degradation state, along with its identified uncertainties, can be incorporated into robust reliability tools for updating predictions of the residual useful lifetime of structural components and safety against various failure modes taking into account stochastic models of future loading characteristics. Fatigue is estimated using the Palmgren–Miner damage rule, S-N curves, and rainflow cycle counting of the variable amplitude time histories of the stress components. Incorporating a numerical model of the structure in the response estimation procedure, permits stress estimation at unmeasured spots. The proposed method is applied in a steel frame of a real city bus.
Co-Creation of Knowledge: A Community-Based Approach to Multilevel Dissemination of Health Information
Authors: Monnard Kristin , Benjamins Maureen R. , Hirschtick Jana L. , Castro Myles , Roesch Pamela T.
Published: August 2019

Background. Conventionally, public health researchers disseminate their work to peers via academic journals and conferences, with little emphasis on sharing results across sectors or with community members. To improve translation of health research into practice, it is essential to use a broader “solutions-focused” approach that includes strategic dissemination of findings. Methods. An urban research institute in Chicago, IL, leveraged knowledge transfer and community engagement principles to disseminate the results of a large, community-driven population health survey to a diverse set of stakeholders. We designed dissemination activities that (1) co-created knowledge by, for, and with communities; (2) shared survey results widely; and (3) minimized barriers to accessing and using public health data. Results. We tailored dissemination to specific audiences, including community residents, public health practitioners, and academic partners. We communicated key messages via various mechanisms, such as community forums, health profiles and videos, and a media event. Conclusions. With dedicated planning, staff, and funding, it is feasible for public health researchers to disseminate findings to diverse audiences using a community-engaged approach. To improve the capacity of public health practitioners in this critical skill, more examples of community-focused dissemination activities are warranted.
Lessons Learned From Implementing of Garden Education Program in Early Child Care
Authors: Soltero Erica G. , Parker Nathan H. , Mama, DrPH Scherezade K. , Ledoux Tracey A. , Lee Rebecca E.
Published: August 2019

Background. Early childhood is a critical life period for promoting health behaviors, and early child care and education centers (ECECs) are critical settings, as 60% of U.S. children attend ECECs. Yet few programs or curricula that promote physical activity and nutrition in this setting exist. This study explored the acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability of the Sustainability via Active Garden Education (SAGE) program. Method. Preintervention interviews were conducted to inform the design of SAGE and postintervention interviews were conducted to evaluate the implementation of SAGE in the ECEC setting. A constant comparison approach was used to capture emergent themes on acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability from interviews. Participants. ECEC directors ( N = 10, 90% female, 20% Hispanic, 30% African American). Results. Directors expressed that SAGE was acceptable and feasible as it was age-appropriate, engaging, and aligned with existing curricula and accreditation standards. Most directors reported that SAGE improved activity and nutrition related knowledge while building other social and academic skills (e.g., expanding vocabulary) that are critical to this important developmental period. Suggestions for improving the sustainability of the program included stronger parental involvement and opportunities for ECEC staff trainings.
δ-Aminolevulinate induces fetal hemoglobin expression by enhancing cellular heme biosynthesis
Authors: Liu Li , Zhu Xingguo , Yu Alexander , Ward Christina M , Pace Betty S
Published: August 2019

Sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia are inherited blood disorders caused by genetic defects in the β-globin gene on chromosome 11, producing severe disease in people worldwide. Induction of fetal hemoglobin consisting of two α-globin and two γ-globin chains ameliorates the clinical symptoms of both disorders. In the present study, we investigated the ability of δ-aminolevulinate (ALA), the heme precursor, to activate γ-globin gene expression as well as its effects on cellular functions in erythroid cell systems. We demonstrated that ALA induced γ-globin expression at both the transcriptional and protein levels in the KU812 erythroid cell line. Using inhibitors targeting two enzymes in the heme biosynthesis pathway, we showed that cellular heme biosynthesis was involved in ALA-mediated γ-globin activation. Moreover, the transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2), a critical regulator of the cellular antioxidant response, was activated by ALA and contributed to mechanisms of γ-globin activation; ALA did not affect cell proliferation and was not toxic to cells. Subsequent studies demonstrated ALA-induced γ-globin activation in erythroid progenitors generated from normal human CD34+ stem cells. These data support future study to explore the potential of stimulating intracellular heme biosynthesis by ALA or similar compounds as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating SCD and β-thalassemia.

Impact statement

Inherited mutations in the β-globin-like genes result in the most common forms of genetic blood disease including sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia worldwide. Therefore, effective inexpensive therapies that can be distributed widely are highly desirable. Currently, drug-mediated fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction can ameliorate clinical symptoms of SCD and β-thalassemia and is the most effective strategy for developing new therapeutic options. In the current study, we confirmed that δ-Aminolevulinate (ALA), the precursor of heme, induces γ-globin expression at both the transcriptional and translational levels in primary human erythroid progenitors. Moreover, the results indicate activation of the transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) by ALA to enhance HbF expression. These data support future study to explore the potential of stimulating intracellular heme biosynthesis by ALA or similar compounds as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating SCD and β-thalassemia.
In familial Mediterranean fever, soluble TREM-1 plasma level is higher in case of amyloidosis
Authors: Gorlier Clémence , Sellam Jérémie , Laurans Ludivine , Simon Tabassome , Giurgea Irina , Bastard Jean-Philippe , Fellahi Soraya , Deshayes Samuel , Grateau Gilles , Ait Oufella Hafid , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie
Published: August 2019

We aimed to explore triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) activation in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), the most frequent monogenic auto-inflammatory disease, through the measurement of its serum soluble form, named sTREM-1. Blood samples from patients with FMF according to Livneh criteria followed in the French FMF national center and carrying two pathogenic MEFV mutations were collected. Serum level of sTREM-1 was assessed using ELISA. Demographic data, presence of FMF attack, association with histologically proven AA amyloidosis, and blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) protein, and creatinine were collected. TREM-1 was available in 56 patients (33.9% male, mean age 43 yr); AA amyloidosis was associated in six patients (19.6% in FMF). Mean sTREM-1 level did not differ significantly between patients having an attack or not and there was also no significant correlation between the level of sTREM-1 and CRP and SAA protein. However, the mean rate of sTREM-1 was significantly higher among FMF patients with AA amyloidosis versus without, though the concomitant SAA protein level was normal. Serum level of sTREM-1 was higher in patients with amyloidosis even though the concomitant SAA protein level was normal. sTREM-1 plasma levels could be an accurate tool to specifically identify FMF patients with amyloidosis.
The road from intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring to hybrid closed-loop systems. Part B: results from randomized controlled trials
Authors: De Ridder Francesca , den Brinker Marieke , De Block Christophe
Published: August 2019

Background:

Advances in diabetes technology have been exponential in the last few decades. With evolution in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems and its progressive automation in control of insulin delivery, these advances have changed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management. These novel technologies have the potential to improve glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), reduce hypoglycaemic events, increase time spent in range and improve quality of life (QoL). Our aim was to evaluate the sustained effects in free-living unsupervised conditions of CGM systems (intermittently scanned and real time) and insulin delivery [from multiple daily injections, via sensor-augmented pump therapy and (predictive) low-glucose insulin suspension to hybrid closed-loop systems] on glucose control and QoL in adults and children with T1DM.

Methods:

We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), using PubMed and the Cochrane library up to 30 May 2019. Inclusion of RCTs was based on type of intervention (comparing glucose-monitoring devices and insulin-delivery devices), population (nonpregnant adults and children with T1DM), follow-up (outpatient setting for at least 8 weeks) and relevant outcomes [HbA1c, time in range (TIR), time in target, time in hypoglycaemia and QoL]. Exclusion of RCTs was based on intervention (exercise, only overnight use). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to score the quality of the papers and for the final selection of the articles.

Results:

Our search resulted in 214 articles, of which 19 were eligible. Studies on advanced use in adults and children with T1DM reported increased TIR (all 9 studies); decreased time in hypoglycaemia (13 out of 15 studies); lowered HbA1c levels (5 out of 15 studies); improved QoL (10 of 16 studies) and treatment satisfaction (7 studies).

Conclusions:

Recent technologies have dramatically changed the course of T1DM. They are proving useful in controlling glycaemia in patients with T1DM, without increasing the treatment burden.
Cochlear implantation in a patient with mucopolysaccharidosis IVA
Authors: Nagao Kyoko , Walter Cassidy , Parkes William J , Teixido Michael , Theroux Mary C , Szymkowski Stacy , Morlet Thierry , Tomatsu Shunji
Published: August 2019

Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (OMIM 253000; also known as Morquio A syndrome) is associated with skeletal, airway, and hearing abnormalities. Cochlear implantation is an effective intervention for patients with severe-to-profound hearing loss. Patients can gain substantial improvement in auditory performance, speech perception, and their quality of life from cochlear implantation. Although severe progressive sensorineural hearing loss is a common feature of mucopolysaccharidosis IVA, no detailed description of cochlear implantation for mucopolysaccharidosis IVA has been reported. To review the effectiveness and special considerations associated with cochlear implantation in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis IVA, we here report the case of cochlear implantation in mucopolysaccharidosis IVA by a multidisciplinary team. A retrospective chart review was conducted on a 34-year-old female with mucopolysaccharidosis IVA, who received a cochlear implant. Audiometric thresholds, speech perception scores, and cochlear implant processor mapping information were reviewed during the first 12 months following cochlear implantation. The results of audiological tests indicate improved hearing thresholds as well as remarkable enhancement of speech perception skills over 12 months of cochlear implant use. Cochlear implantation improved auditory performance in a mucopolysaccharidosis IVA patient with postlingually severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. The benefits of cochlear implantation could be meaningful for other Morquio patients with progressive hearing loss, although the risks of surgery and anesthesia should be carefully considered by a multidisciplinary team of experts during the cochlear implant candidacy process.
Focal proliferative and necrotizing glomerulonephritis presenting with mild urinary abnormalities and normal renal function in a young adult
Authors: Habib Syed W
Published: August 2019

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated crescentic glomerulonephritis commonly presents as a renal emergency requiring timely care to reduce risk of kidney failure and related mortality. Milder forms of disease are less common, and it requires a high index of suspicion to detect them. Herein, we report a case of focal proliferative and necrotizing glomerulonephritis in a 21-year-old patient presenting with a new-onset microscopic haematuria and minimal proteinuria associated with normal renal function.
Effects of autologous adipose-derived regenerative stem cells administered at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on knee function and graft healing
Authors: Alentorn-Geli Eduard , Seijas Roberto , Martínez-De la Torre Adrián , Cuscó Xavier , Steinbacher Gilbert , Álvarez-Díaz Pedro , Barastegui David , Navarro Jordi , Serra-Renom José Maria , Nishishinya Betina , Català Jordi , Laiz Patricia , García-Balletbó Montserrat , Cugat Ramón
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

To compare the healing and clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction between patients with or without intraoperative administration of adipose-derived regenerative stem cells (ADRC).

Methods:

Between 2013 and 2014, the outcomes of 20 soccer players undergoing ACL reconstruction using bone–patellar tendon–bone autograft infiltrated with ADRC at the end of the procedure were compared to a historical, matched cohort of 19 soccer players undergoing the same procedure without ADRC. Outcomes were obtained at baseline, and 6 and 12 months postop for IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee), Lysholm, and Lequesne, and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months postop for VAS (visual analogue scale) for pain and graft maturation to evaluate the ligamentization process (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based).

Results:

Both groups significantly improved the IKDC ( p < 0.001 in both groups), Lysholm ( p < 0.001 in both groups), Lequesne index ( p < 0.001 in both groups), VAS for pain ( p = 0.002 for the ADRC and p < 0.001 for the control group), and MRI scores ( p < 0.001 in both groups) in the 12 months postop compared to baseline scores. However, there were no significant differences in the improvement of the outcomes between groups across time ( p > 0.05). All patients returned to sports after surgery, but 8 (40%) patients in the ADRC and 13 (68.4%) patients in the control group had lower Tegner activity score at 12 months postop.

Conclusions:

Patients receiving ADRC at the time of ACL reconstruction significantly improved knee function and healing/maturation of the graft at 12 months. However, this improvement was not statistically significant compared to a control group undergoing ACL reconstruction alone.
Gender Participation and Technology Use in Turmeric Production System
Authors: Zend Jayshree P. , Revanwar Manjusha S. , Gaikwad Swati S.
Published: August 2019

Survey was carried out regarding basic information, gender participation, time spent on various activities and technology usages and satisfaction for different activities in turmeric field. Important role of farm women in turmeric cropping system in Maharashtra, India was found in planting rhizomes, clearing weeds cleaning activities. Ploughing, forming ridges and irrigation are performed and solely by male farmers. Participation of farm women in earthing up activity was 85%and it was followed by fertilizer application (83%). Majority of the activities such as planting, earthing up, harvesting in turmeric production system were performed manually. Data on time spent by the female workers in performing different activities in turmeric production system indicated that, maximum time consuming activity was hand weeding (84 man days/ season) followed by earthing up (63 man days/ season) and cutting, sorting and cleaning roots (each of 56 days/ season). No implement or machine is used by them for earthing up activity due to lack of awareness and availability. Study revealed urgent need of development of technologies for performing these activities.
Assessment of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu and Zn Amounts in Muscles of Cyprinus Carpio from Karasu Stream, Sinop
Authors: Bat Levent , Şahin Fatih , Öztekin Ayşah , Arici Elif , Yardim Öztekin
Published: August 2019

Heavy metal contaminations in aquatic habitats effect negatively on the organisms that depend on the water. In this work heavy metal levels in edible tissues of Cyprinus carpio from Karasu Stream in Sinop in summer, autumn and winter were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer. The accumulation pattern in the work is in the order of Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd> Hg. The amounts of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in carps were 0.022-0.036, 0.031-0.045, 0.22-0.29, 1.32-1.61 and 8.4-12.3 mg kg-1 wet wt., respectively. Concentrations of heavy metals in C. carpio were all below the TFC and EC guidelines. Total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) was 0.10722 and below 1 which showed that consumption of carp from the Karasu Stream has no health threats by now as the heavy metals investigated was concerned.
Isolation and Functional Characterization of Beneficial Bacteria Associated with Roots of Thysanolaena Maxima and Rhizospheric Soil Enzymatic Activities in Jhum Agriculture
Authors: Deka Juri , Thakuria Dwipendra , Khyllep Alarisa , Ahmed Giasuddin
Published: August 2019

The activity of amylase (AMY), arylsulphatase (ASA), β-glucosidase (GSA), dehydrogenase (DHA), acid-phosphomonoestarase (PHA) and protease (PRO) enzymes were analyzed in rhizospheric soils of broom grass, Thysanolaena maxima (TM) collected from fallow phases of 5 and 20 years Jhum cycles (F5 and F20, respectively) and their corresponding bulk soils. The activities of soil enzymes from rhizospheric soil of TMF5 were significantly higher relative to that of bulk soils and the rhizospheric soils from TMF20. The counts of rhizobacteria [0.74 ± 0.056 x 107 colony forming unit (cfu) g-1 soil] and root endophytic bacteria (0.083 ± 0.004 x 104 cfu g-1 roots) of TM from F20 fallow phase were higher compared to the counts of rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria (0.27 ± 0.029 x 107cfu g-1 soil and 0.05 ± 0.008 x 104 cfu g-1 roots, respectively) of TM from F5 fallow phase. Altogether 63 isolates associated with TM were screened for multifaceted plant growth promoting (PGP) traits viz. production of pectinase and cellulase, IAA like substances, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), N2-fixation, solubilisation of inorganic phosphorus (iP) from Ca3(PO4)2, AlPO4 and FePO4 and mineralization of organic phosphorus (Na-phytate). The PGP screening results indicated that the percent incidence of rhizobacteria and root endophytic bacteria for PGP traits was higher in F5 fallow phase as compared to F20 fallow phase. These results provided clear indication that TM plants play an important role in rejuvenating the biological activities (in terms of higher activities of enzymes in rhizospheric soils and greater population of beneficial rhizobacteria and root endophytes) in frequently burnt soils under shorter Jhum cycles.
Dynamics and Economic Analysis of Sugarcane Production in Eastern Plains of Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Dipendra , Uprety Rajendra , Mehata Suresh , Shrestha Hari Krishna , Panday Dinesh
Published: August 2019

The area of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production in the Eastern Plains of Nepal is decreasing every year due to several factors, including increasing cost of cultivation, lower yield, lower and delay payment, insect and diseases problems. A study was conducted to analyze the productivity and profitability of sugarcane production in this region, where, a randomly selected 80 sugarcane farmers from Sunsari and Morang districts were administered with the questionnaire to collect data between 2017 and 2018. Results of the study revealed that farmers were male dominant (67.50%) with average landholdings of 1.30 hectares (ha). The dominant age group in the farming community was 51 to 60 years and 58.75% of farmers had a primary level of education. The sugarcane production in the study area was profitable with benefit and cost ratio (B/C) 1.38 and 1.34 for main and ratoon crops, respectively. The net income was NRs. 91369.70 and NRs. 36065.00 for main and ratoon crops, respectively. The coefficient of multiple determinations (R2) was 0.79, which means that variations in the explanatory variable explained 79.80% of the variation in the dependent variable. Lower productivity, unscientific price fixation, and delay payment of the sugarcane by the sugar mills were the major problems found in the study area. Labor expenses constitute half of the total cost of cultivation, so mechanizations are needed to lower the cost and increase the profit. Co-coordination among different stakeholders, including the government entity, is required for scientific pricing and sustainable production of sugarcane.
Amendment of Soil Water Retention and Nutrients Holding Capacity by Using Sugar Cane Bagasse
Authors: Chacha Mwita Solomon , Andrew Banyikwa , Vegi Maheswara Rao
Published: August 2019

Sugarcane bagasse (SCB)is byproduct of sugarcane industry can be used as soil amendments to improve soil hydro, physical-chemical characteristics. It also provides reasonable economic means to recycle these in an environmentally friendly manner. The soil samples were studied for different soil characteristics collected from different sites of Dodoma city, Tanzania. Soil sample with poor water holding capacity selected and made into six treatments by different percentages of sugarcane bagasse 0, 2, 5, 10,20 and 100% in triplicates for each treatment. The result showed that the water holding capacity of the soil increased from 26.85 to 84.08 % representing 3.16 times.The soil of Dodoma have low organic matter (438.6 - 1126.6 mg/kg), and deficient in K+ (0.5 cmol/kg), Ca2+ (2.8 cmol/kg), Mg2+ (1.3 mg /kg), Na+ (1.03 cmol/kg) and cation exchange capacity (5 cmol/kg). The available K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ contents of soil increased by 13.87, 22.79, 33.13 and 43.61% with the application of 2, 5, 10 and 20 % of sugarcane bagasse, respectively. Different levels of SCB positively influence the hydro, physico-chemical properties of soil. Utilization of SCB as organic fertilizer was found to save the water cost and chemical fertilizer along with minimizing environmental pollution. Application of 10% of sugarcane bagasse was found to be the standard dose to achieve important hydo, physicochemical properties of soil to a required level.
Adsorption of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater using Solid Phase Extraction Absorbent from Agro-Waste
Authors: Ismail Wan Norfazilah Wan , Fauzi Dzul Iskandar Muhammad , Samah Nurlin Abu
Published: August 2019

A rapid solid phase extraction (SPE) combined with gas chromatography equipped with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene and naphthalene in wastewater sample collected from petroleum industry’s drainage. Important SPE parameters, namely absorbent amount, sample volume, type of elution solvent and its volume were optimized. The optimum parameters obtained are: 200 mg silica nano-powder, 2.0 mL sample volume and 2.0 mL n-hexane as elution solvent. The method showed good linearity in the range of 0.1-10.0 mg/L with satisfactory limit of detection (≤1.0 mg/L) and limit of quantitation (≤3.2 mg/L) under the optimized conditions. Good relative recoveries (94.7-99.9%) and intra- and inter-day precisions (≤2.8%, n=3) for acenaphthene, acenaphthylene and naphthalene were obtained. Toxicity study has revealed that it is a non-toxic absorbent and safe to be used for the removal of organic pollutants in water which is advantageous for routine wastewater analysis.
Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of West African Dwarf Bucks Fed Different Forms of Processed Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum)
Authors: Eyoh G. D. , Udo M. D. , Edet C. P.
Published: August 2019

An experiment was conducted to determine the growth performance and carcass characteristics of West African Dwarf bucks fed different types of processed Panicum maximum. Twelve West African Dwarf bucks aged between 6 and 8 months with initial mean weight of 7.26 kg were intensively managed for 56 days. The experimental diets are wilted Panicum maximum, fresh Panicum maximum, ensiled Panicum maximum and Panicum maximum Hay designated as T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively. The results revealed that goats placed on wilted Panicum maximum (T1) (135.18g/day) and hay, (T4) (139.29g/day) were similar in respect to concentrate intake. Forage intake showed significant (P<0.05) differences. Goats fed wilted Panicum (T1) (607.78g/day) and fresh Panicum maximum (T2) (634.46g/day) had similar intake but differed from goats placed on ensiled Panicum maximum (T3) and hay Panicum maximum (T4). Daily dry matter intake (DMI) differed (P<0.05) significantly among treatments. Total daily feed intake of goats on wilted Panicum maximum (T1) (42.96g/day) and fresh Panicum maximum (T2) (759.80g/day) were similar and differed from total daily feed intake of goats placed on ensiled Panicum maximum(564.28g/day) and Hay Panicum maximum484g/day. Goats fed wilted Panicum maximum produced higher value of live weight which did not differ (P>0.05) from other treatments.Bucks on fresh Panicum maximum (T2) had higher value of bled weight (7.40kg) but did not significantly differ (P>0.05). Heavier dressed weight (35.62) was recorded by goats fed wilted Panicum maximum (T1) but did not significantly differ (P>0.05) from other treatments. Dressing percentages, thigh, loin, internal organs and bone to lean ratio were not significantly different (P>0.05) from each other. The use of Panicum maximum in any form has no effect on conversion of forage into meat and formation of any part.
Optimization of Performance Parameters of Root Crop Digger for Potato Crop
Authors: Narender  , Rani Vijaya , Mukesh S. , Kumar Anil , Sharma Parmod
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the root crop digger for digging of the potato crop at the farmer’s field. The digger was tested at three levels of forward speeds (2.3, 2.8 and 3.3 kmh-1) and three levels of rake angles (170, 200, and 230). The experiment was replicated three times for the performance parameters of exposed,undug, cut, bruised percentage and the digging efficiency. The best performance of the digger was obtained at forward speed 2.3 km h-1 and blade angle 230 for potato crop at which the exposed, undug, cut, bruised percentage and the digging efficiency was found to be 90.62,2.10, 1.71, 2.48 and 97.90 per cent, respectively. About 54% savings in cost of digging could be achieved using digger compared to manual digging involving labour.
Listeria monocytogenes in Brazilian foods: occurrence, risks to human health and their prevention
Authors: Oliveira Naila Albertina , Bittencourt Gabriela Marques , Barancelli Giovana Verginia , Kamimura Eliana Setsuko , Lee Sarah Hwa In , Oliveira Carlos Augusto Fernandes
Published: August 2019

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen which occurs mainly in ready-to-eat food products, especially in artisanal products manufactured from raw milk such as some types of cheese, meat products and leafy vegetables. L. monocytogenes requires special attention in the food industry because of its ability to survive under adverse conditions and form biofilms on different surfaces in food processing environments. The potential for product contamination by L. monocytogenes strains in the industrial environment emphasizes the importance of preventive measures in the food industry. This review presents an overview on the main characteristics, pathogenicity and occurrence data of L. monocytogenes in Brazilian foods. The main prevention measures to avoid contamination by L. monocytogenes in foods are also highlighted, especially the adoption of quality assurance programs by the food industry.