bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Relations between Geological Structures and Precious and Base Metal Deposits from Magnetic Investigation of the Pangar-Djérem Zone, Cameroon
Authors: Mbang Constantin Mathieu Som , Mouzong Marcelin Pemi , Cheng Li Zhen , Tafone Jocelyne Laure Megne , Basseka Charles Antoine , Kamguia Joseph , Etamè Jacques
Published: May 2023

The version three of Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (EMAG2-v3) used in this work is aimed at establishing the spatial relationships between tectonic structures and gold and associated mineralization in the Pangar-Djérem area, central and southern Cameroon. Various processing and transformation of image data such as the reduction to the equator, horizontal gradient, generalized derivative, and pseudogravity allowed the identification and delineation of numerous faults related to Syn-D1, Syn-D2, and Syn-D3 deformations. The main orientations, W-E, SW-NE, and SE-NW, obtained from these faults define the intensity of the Pan-African and Eburnian tectonics in the Cameroonian basement. Correlations between mapped faults and mineral occurrences define a structural control of gold mineralization in the study area. Furthermore, the spatial relationships between these faults and the igneous/metasedimentary rocks demonstrate that the Eburnian and Pan-African orogenies favoured the circulation of gold-enriched fluids along faults and shear zones. Gold mineralization in the Pangar-Djérem zone is of the vein type (primary gold), resulting from the intrusion of type I granites and the circulation of enriched fluids in a brittle to ductile shear context. The pseudogravity anomalies associated with the sedimentary deposits/rocks and the SW-NE structures of the Sanaga and Bétaré-Oya Faults define an environment of detrital sedimentary deposits, consisting of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks, and justify the existence of gold-bearing quartz veins.
The Comparison Analysis of the Impacts of Lockdown and Quarantine Facets in the Transmission of COVID‐19: Mathematical Approach
Authors: Gervas Hamenyimana Emanuel , Hugo Alfred K.
Published: May 2023

COVID‐19 is the short name of the coronavirus disease discovered in Wuhan, China, in 2019. In the context of Tanzania, we develop a mathematical model in this work that compares lockdown and quarantine. Again, we provide evidence in favor of local and global stability, with the basic reproduction number, R0, determined to be 0.31 at the diagnostic test rates k1 = k2 = 0.05. In comparison to the lockdown, it has been discovered that isolating (or quarantining) affected individuals is the most effective way to stop the spread of COVID‐19. Additionally, it is advised that governments in Tanzania and other African countries permit their citizens to go about their daily lives as long as they take the necessary precautions, such as donning face masks, washing their hands, and avoiding crowded gatherings in case of a recurrence of any form of COVID‐19.
Speech Deception Detection Based on EMD and Temporal Neural Network
Authors: Jiang Youjun , Chen Haibo , Yuan Shusen , Xing Hongbo , Cao Yewen , Wang Deqiang , Xiong Hailiang
Published: May 2023

Deceptive behaviour is a common phenomenon in human society. Research has shown that humans are not good at distinguishing deception, so studying automated deception detection techniques is a critical task. Most of the relevant technologies are susceptible to personal and environmental influences: EEG‐based technologies need large and expensive equipment, facial‐based technologies are sensitive with the camera’s perspective, and these reasons have somewhat limited the development of applications for deception detection technologies. In contrast, the equipment required for speech deception detection is cheap and easy to use, and the capture of speech is highly covert. Based on the application of signal decomposition algorithms in other fields such as EEG signals and speech emotion recognition, this paper proposed a signal decomposition and reconstruction method based on EMD to process the speech signal and a better deception detection performance was obtained by improving the speech quality. The comparison results with other decomposition algorithms showed that the EMD decomposition algorithm is the most suitable for our method. Across many different classification algorithms, accuracy improved by an average of 2.05% and the F1 score improved by an average of 1.7%. In addition, a new deception detector, called the TCN‐LSTM network, was proposed in this paper. Experiments showed that this network organically combines the processing capability of TCN and LSTM for time series data; the recognition rate of deception detection was greatly improved, with the highest accuracy and F1 score reaching 86.2% and 86.0% under the EMD‐based signal decomposition reconstruction method. Based on the research in this paper, the signal decomposition algorithms need to be further optimised for speech signals and more classification algorithms not used for this task should be tried.
Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Techniques (MLT) for Heart Disease Prediction
Authors: Ansari Gufran Ahmad , Bhat Salliah Shafi , Ansari Mohd Dilshad , Ahmad Sultan , Nazeer Jabeen , Eljialy A. E. M.
Published: May 2023

The leading cause of death worldwide today is heart disease (HD). The heart is recognised as the second‐most significant organ behind the brain. A successful outcome of treatment can be improved by an early diagnosis which can significantly reduce the chance of death in health care. In this paper, we proposed a method to predict heart disease. We used various machine learning algorithms (MLA), namely, logistic regression (LR), k‐nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), random forest (RF), and decision tree (DT). With the testing data set, we evaluated the model’s accuracy in heart disease prediction. When compared to the other five models, the random forest and k‐nearest neighbor approaches perform better. With a 99.04% accuracy rate, the k‐nearest neighbor algorithm and random forest provide the best match to the data as compared to other algorithms. Six feature selection algorithms were used for the performance evaluation matrix. MCC parameters for accuracy, precision, recall, and F measure are used to evaluate models.
Clustering Undergraduate Students Based on Academic Burnout and Satisfaction from the Field Using Partitioning around Medoid
Authors: Sanjari Elaheh , Majidian Dehkordi Farzaneh , Raeisi Shahraki Hadi
Published: May 2023

Background. Academic satisfaction is known as one of the most important factors in increasing students’ efficiency, and academic burnout is one of the most significant challenges of the educational system, reducing student motivation and enthusiasm. Clustering methods try to categorize individuals into a number of homogenous groups. Aims. To cluster undergraduate students at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences based on academic burnout and satisfaction with their field of study. Materials and Methods. The multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 400 undergraduate students from various fields in 2022. The data collection tool included a 15‐item academic burnout questionnaire and a 7‐item academic satisfaction questionnaire. The average silhouette index was used to estimate the number of optimal clusters. The NbClust package in R 4.2.1 software was used for clustering analysis based on the k‐medoid approach. Results. The mean score of academic satisfaction was 17.70 ± 5.39, while academic burnout averaged 37.90 ± 13.27. The optimal number of clusters was estimated at two based on the average silhouette index. The first cluster included 221 students, and the second cluster included 179 students. Students in the second cluster had higher levels of academic burnout than the first cluster. Conclusion. It is suggested that university officials take measures to reduce the level of academic burnout through academic burnout training workshops led by consultants to promote the students’ interests.
A New Scenario-Based Simulation Model for Cost Management of Healthcare Services through Improving the Efficiency of the Health Centers
Authors: Ostadi Bakhtiar , Mokhtarian Daloie Reza , Sepehri Mohammad Mehdi
Published: May 2023

There is a need for an appropriate decision-making approach and a precise costing method in order to make appropriate decisions that result in managing the resource utilization, improving the efficiency of healthcare systems and processes, increasing the patient consent, and reducing the costs of healthcare services. Therefore, this study is to develop a new method for estimating and reducing the services’ costs by assessing the scenarios intended for the improvement of departments using time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) and simulation model with conditions of uncertainty. To investigate the application of this method, the lithotripsy department of a kidney center has been studied and attempted to investigate the effects of different scenarios of scheduling the technicians’ presence and scheduling patients’ appointments, alongside the effects of controlling the factors of patient cancellation in different stages of the treatment process on lowering the healthcare costs and waiting time and on improving the hospital efficiency. The results showed that significant improvements in costs, waiting time, human resource utilization, and overall system efficiency were emerged. The impact of patient appointment scheduling scenarios on the abovementioned indexes was found to be far more than other scenarios. Furthermore, the results from the costs determined indicate a difference of 0.60, 0.61, 0.67, 0.67, and 0.63 percent between these costs and the costs determined by the traditional approaches. Such differences among the costs determined by these two approaches mainly occur due to different methods of allocating indirect costs and existence of uncertainty in the costs and time of therapeutic activities.
Abstract 5467: Single-cell analysis of CD34-enriched blood cells reveals early prognostic markers of myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Meiri Eti , Saar-Furer Nili , Rappoport Nimrod , Pollock Sarah , Lithwick-Yanai Gila , Shipony Zohar , Iremadze Nika , Lipson Doron , Tanay Amos , Shlush Liran
Published: May 2023

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) are a group of blood malignancies characterized by aberrant differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) in the bone marrow that results in inefficient hematopoiesis and high risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. In order to detect aberrant HSC differentiation in blood samples sensitively and accurately, we explored the use of scRNA-seq of CD34-enriched cells from peripheral blood in identifying differentiation trajectories that are abnormal in patient samples versus expected normal development.

A total of 685,000 CD34-enriched PBMCs from 93 samples were analyzed using 10X 3’ v3 scRNA-seq library preparation. For increased efficiency, the samples were multiplexed in groups of 5 individuals and were later identified based on individual natural genetic variation using a custom genotyping assay or low-pass WGS. We then sequenced these 24 libraries on a UG100 sequencer to yield an average of 20,000 reads per cell. Six of these libraries were also sequenced on a NovaSeq. Comparison between scRNA profiles generated on the two different sequencers yielded highly similar results, including a similar ability to demultiplex the patient samples using genetic markers, accurately quantify gene modules and determine cell populations.To analyze the scRNA data, we used a novel computational framework, Metacell, to reconstruct metacell modules for both healthy and disease samples allowing us to find variability in the differentiation process between the disease samples and the normal baseline state. Two patients with MDS which had transformed to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) demonstrated unique and distinct metacell clusters that were significantly separate from normal HSPC differentiation patterns, demonstrating distinct clusters with elevated levels of BCL2 which is an existing therapy target in secondary AML. Our results demonstrate that scRNA-seq analysis of peripheral blood HSPCs samples can be used to detect aberrations in HSC development in MDS patients and serve as a prognostic tool for stratification of patients with aggressive disease and drug response. Given the cost-efficiency of the entire process, we believe this is one of the first examples of the potential practical utility of single-cell analysis in a clinical setting.

Citation Format: Eti Meiri, Nili Saar-Furer, Nimrod Rappoport, Sarah Pollock, Gila Lithwick-Yanai, Zohar Shipony, Nika Iremadze, Doron Lipson, Amos Tanay, Liran Shlush. Single-cell analysis of CD34-enriched blood cells reveals early prognostic markers of myelodysplastic syndromes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5467.
Abstract ND01: ABBV-319: A first-in-class Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator (GRM) agonist ADC for the treatment of B-cell malignancies
Authors: Purcell James W.
Published: May 2023

ABBV-319 is a novel CD19-targeting multi-modal antibody drug conjugate (ADC) for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. The ADC is engineered to have 3 distinct mechanisms of action to maximize anti-cancer activity while reducing systemic toxicities: (1) targeted GRM payload delivery, (2) signaling inhibition of CD19/BCR and (3) enhanced ADCC via afucosylation. Unlike traditional cytotoxic ADCs, the GRM payload is a high potency agonist (sub nM EC50) of the intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR) which then traffics to the nucleus resulting in sustained GR-driven transcriptional events leading to cancer cell death. CD19 is a clinically validated B-cell target (approved antibodies, ADCs, CARTs) known to be highly expressed even following multiple lines of therapy, making it an appropriate target for this novel approach. The CD19 antibody in ABBV-319 is an optimized high affinity IgG1 that can inhibit CD19/BCR downstream signaling events including AKT, leading to inhibition of growth in certain B-cell lines. Given ADCC/ADCP is a highly effective mechanism in B-cell malignancies (e.g., rituximab, tafasitamab) the CD19 antibody was engineered to have increased FcγR binding via afucosylation, that retains its enhanced ADCC activity as a GRM drug conjugate. By engineering the molecule in this way, the multi-modal ADC is not solely reliant on one mechanism of action for activity and therefore has the potential for broader activity. Sustained regressions/cures have been observed in multiple B-cell malignancy xenograft model systems (cell-line, PDX, humanized) after a single ADC dose that compares favorably against approved benchmark antibodies, systemic steroids and ADCs. ABBV-319 targets clinically validated mechanisms of action that are known to combine well with multiple standard-of-care agents. This combination potential together with its favorable safety profile, suggests ABBV-319 will be a highly effective combination treatment for B-cell malignancies. ABBV-319 was well tolerated in cynomolgus monkey studies with favorable drug-like properties and antibody-like pharmacokinetics, enabling a high mg/kg clinical starting dose. A first in-human Phase 1 clinical trial evaluating ABBV-319 in B-cell malignancies (DLBCL, FL, CLL) was recently initiated in late 2022 (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05512390).

Citation Format: James W. Purcell. ABBV-319: A first-in-class Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator (GRM) agonist ADC for the treatment of B-cell malignancies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr ND01.
Apariciones, insistencias, silencios: cuirizar una escritura, enrarecer el formato
Authors: Prado Carli
Published: May 2023

En este trabajo propongo un recorrido que busca insistir en la pregunta acerca de cómo opera lo cuir, tal como lo plantea val flores, a la vez de conjugar una práctica de escritura en la que se interceptan teoría y vida. Para ello, tengo en cuenta la crítica cuy(r) de Diego Falconí Trávez, con la cual juego para componer mi propio paisaje de enunciación, así como otras derivas que tensionan el problema de lo queer/cuir respecto de sus usos en el culo del mundo. Ello supone, más que un aporte al desarrollo de estas teorías, una intención de detenimiento que nos permita producir narrativas más afines, retomando también algunas consideraciones de Duen Sacchi acerca de la escritura en tanto que producción colonial.
Usos de poppers y homoerotismo: hacia una genealogía queer del régimen fármacosexual
Authors: Sepúlveda Galeas Mauricio , Lucero Diaz Jorge
Published: May 2023

Diferentes estudios han mostrado que los usuarios de poppers en contextos sexuales usan este antianginoso como dilatador anal. Desde el paradigma del riesgo, el discurso sociomédico ha trazado un régimen de verdad, que sostiene que los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) usuarios de la sustancia son sujetos de riesgo. Lo anterior se articula en torno al esencialismo sexual, la medicalización del sexo y el famacologicismo, apostándolos en un espacio social liso, apolítico y culturalmente amenazante, omitiendo su carácter constituyente y agencial. Desde un posicionamiento crítico y transdisciplinario, indagamos otras posibilidades, partiendo de una hipótesis productiva de poder asociado al ensamblaje farmacosexual. Problematizamos el uso del poppers con relación al cuerpo y el placer como un contra-saber dislocado de la función sexual. Sostenemos que el poppers actúa como artefacto tecnológico que asiste no solo a la desnaturalización de los límites corporales, sino también a una contra ficción farmacopolítica como espacio transitivo desde el cual es posible impugnar el régimen farmacosexual moderno.
Fardo civilizador e visões da barbárie: Mariluán, de Alberto Blest Gana, em seu tempo
Authors: Verneck Bruno
Published: May 2023

Publicado em 1862, Mariluán, de Alberto Blest Gana, vem despertando o interesse da crítica literária desde o estudo de John Ballard, no qual a considerou como uma “novela olvidada” na trajetória do prolífico narrador chileno. Nosso artigo busca inserir-se no debate sobre o livro ao indagar os sentidos do romance em um duplo movimento comparativo: por um lado, consideramos as relações entre o romance e as polêmicas sobre as campanhas militares na região da Araucanía, no Sul do Chile; além disso, visamos aproximar o texto de romances contemporâneos à sua publicação que tratam da questão indígena e tiveram melhor acolhida em seus respectivos países. O movimento busca reavaliar o singular tratamento conferido por Blest Gana às complexas discussões sobre a assimilação dos indígenas à sociedade criolla, sem aderir aos termos com que o debate se colocava quando escreveu Mariluán, tendo lhe conferido o subtítulo de “crónica contemporánea”.
Ten‐Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014
Authors: Wei Jingkai , Xu Hanzhang , Liese Angela D. , Merchant Anwar T. , Wang Liang , Yang Chih‐Hsiang , Lohman Matthew C. , Brown Monique J. , Wang Tiansheng , Friedman Daniela B.
Published: May 2023

Background

The Framingham 10‐year cardiovascular disease risk score, which is based on age, sex, smoking, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, blood pressure, and diabetes, has been found to be associated with cognitive health, but these findings have not been validated in a representative sample in the United States. We aimed to examine the associations of Framingham risk score with cognitive function among older adults in a nationally representative sample, as well as by race or ethnicity, education, and family income.

Methods and Results

A total of 2254 older adults ≥60 years (57% female, 79% non‐Hispanic White) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014 were included in the final sample for analysis. All components of the Framingham risk score were obtained with questionnaire or measured in the laboratory. Cognitive function was examined using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Word List Memory Task (immediate and delayed memory), Digit Symbol Substitution Test, and Animal Fluency Test. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the associations between Framingham risk score and test‐specific and global cognition
Z
scores. Each incremental 5% in Framingham 10‐year cardiovascular disease risk was associated with lower
Z
scores for Digit Symbol Substitution Test (β=−0.06 [95% CI, −0.09 to −0.03]), delayed memory (β=−0.05 [95% CI, −0.08 to −0.01]), immediate memory (β=−0.07 [95% CI, −0.10 to −0.03]), and global cognition (β=−0.05 [95% CI, −0.09 to −0.02]). Socioeconomic status, particularly race or ethnicity and monthly income levels, were strong effect measure modifiers of the associations.

Conclusions

Lower cardiovascular risk factors are associated with better cognitive function.
Neural Correlates of Object-Extracted Relative Clause Processing Across English and Chinese
Authors: Dunagan Donald , Stanojević Miloš , Coavoux Maximin , Zhang Shulin , Bhattasali Shohini , Li Jixing , Brennan Jonathan , Hale John
Published: May 2023

Are the brain bases of language comprehension the same across all human languages, or do these bases vary in a way that corresponds to differences in linguistic typology? English and Mandarin Chinese attest such a typological difference in the domain of relative clauses. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging with English and Chinese participants, who listened to the same translation-equivalent story, we analyzed neuroimages time aligned to object-extracted relative clauses in both languages. In a general linear model analysis of these naturalistic data, comprehension was selectively associated with increased hemodynamic activity in left posterior temporal lobe, angular gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex in both languages. This result suggests the processing of object-extracted relative clauses is subserved by a common collection of brain regions, regardless of typology. However, there were also regions that were activated uniquely in our Chinese participants albeit not to a significantly greater degree. These were in the temporal lobe. These Chinese-specific results could reflect structural ambiguity-resolution work that must be done in Chinese but not English object-extracted relative clauses.
The sawfish (Rhinopristiformes, Pristidae) rostrum displayed in the “Basilica Santuario del Carmine Maggiore” in Naples, Italy: A long story of legends and taxonomic errors
Authors: Fioravanti Tatiana , Maio Nicola , Psomadakis Peter Nick , Manzotti Sandra , Gigante Antonio Pompilio , Splendiani Andrea , Bottaro Massimiliano , Caputo Barucchi Vincenzo
Published: May 2023

Although historically widespread in most of the shallow and warm waters of the world, the presence of sawfishes in the Mediterranean Sea is still a debated question. For some authors, they never inhabited this basin except as vagrants, while for other authors both Pristis pristis and Pristis pectinata were present in the Mediterranean Sea but were extirpated in the 1960s–1970s. The sawfish rostrum kept in the Basilica Santuario del Carmine Maggiore (Naples, Italy), and considered by some authors the first record of sawfish in the Mediterranean was studied using a combination of morphological, genetic, radiocarbon dating and histochemical staining methods to validate the taxonomic identification, estimate its age and assess its geographical origin. Results indicate that the rostrum does not belong to P. pristis as reported by previous authors, but instead possesses morphological and genetic characters typical of P. pectinata. In addition, the radiocarbon age shows that the rostrum is more recent than previously believed, dating it back to the mid-nineteenth century, and genetic and meristic results cast doubt on its presumed Mediterranean origin. This study demonstrates that historical records should always be critically evaluated before using them to draw any far-reaching conclusion about species’ past ecology and/or biogeography, and that future studies using historical information and specimens should adopt an integrative taxonomy approach similar to the one used here.
Ubuntu: Applying a Southern Theoretical Paradigm to Counter Youth Radicalization
Authors: Ghosh Ratna
Published: May 2023

As societal and community institutions, schools operate within certain worldviews. These worldviews impact the aims and objectives of schooling and therefore influence the culture of the school and classroom, not to mention the content of the curriculum and teacher practices. In this paper I consider the “traditional” African worldview of Ubuntu as a framework or a foundation for schooling and education to combat the alienation and discrimination faced by many students in the schools in Western countries which are pushing neo-liberal objectives but that lead them to violence and increasingly, to radicalization. I look at the recent phenomenon of radicalization that makes societies and nations unsafe, and some of the push and pull factors that are increasingly attracting some students in the contemporary world to extremist actions. While the threat of Islamic terrorism seems to have subsided, the threats from extreme right-wing nationalist and alt-right groups is increasing at a fast pace (Ghosh et al, 2016a; Eger and Valdex, 2014; Fadel, 2019; Jones, 2018). I contrast the concept of Ubuntu with Western values of humanism and analyze the core values of the Ubuntu worldview in pedagogical practices. I conclude that present punitive measures are ineffective in preventing radicalization which poses a security threat to all nations, but that schooling has an important role to play in combating this phenomenon through a worldview that is not only humanistic but different in its very understanding of what a human being is and therefore, in preventing schools from alienating individuals and groups.
Specters of Judeo-Spanish: The Case for Judeo-Spanish as a Partial Overlap of Idiolects Shared by People of Sephardi Culture
Authors: Yebra López Carlos
Published: May 2023

The aim of this essay is to problematize the ontology of Judeo-Spanish qua language. First, I argue that its traditional conceptualization as an autonomous, self-contained language is predicated on a (flawed) classical ontological framework that relies on so-called ‘named languages theory.’ Second, I contend that a more enlightened understanding of Judeo-Spanish as a linguistic phenomenon necessitates a paradigm shift toward a hauntological framework consistent with theoretical models such as translanguaging and revivalistics. I conclude that Judeo-Spanish is best understood as an ensemble of the only partially overlapping idiolects of people who share a common Sephardi cultural/ethnic identity and who manage to communicate with reasonable success. Third, I discuss the momentous implications of this shift in three domains: linguistics, minority rights, and education.
The mental health effects of changing from insecure to secure visas for refugees
Authors: Nickerson Angela , Byrow Yulisha , O’Donnell Meaghan , Bryant Richard A , Mau Vicki , McMahon Tadgh , Hoffman Joel , Mastrogiovanni Natalie , Specker Philippa , Liddell Belinda J
Published: May 2023

Objective:

In response to growing numbers of refugees worldwide, host governments are increasingly implementing temporary protection policies; however, little is known regarding the mental health impact of these policies. This online longitudinal study investigated whether refugees who transitioned from low visa security (e.g. short-term transient visas) to medium (e.g. temporary protection visas) or high visa (e.g. permanent visas) security showed changes in depression symptoms, social difficulties and immigration-related fears.

Methods:

Participants were 1,201 refugees and asylum-seekers from Arabic, Farsi, Tamil or English-speaking backgrounds. Study variables were measured prior to and after change in visa status (6 months apart).

Results:

Refugees who transitioned from low to medium security visas showed reduced immigration-related fear ( B = −0.09, 95% confidence interval = −0.29 to −0.06), but no change in depression symptoms or social difficulties compared to those who retained low visa security. Refugees who transitioned from low to high security visas showed reduced depression symptoms ( B = −0.02, 95% confidence interval = −0.04 to −0.01), social difficulties ( B = −0.04, 95% confidence interval = −0.05 to −0.01) and immigration-related fear ( B = −0.03, 95% confidence interval = −0.06 to −0.01) compared to those who retained low visa security.

Conclusion:

Findings indicate that the increased security afforded by temporary protection policies (vs short-term transient visas) did not translate into improved mental health and social outcomes for refugees. In contrast, permanent protection was associated with significant improvements in psychological and social functioning. These results have important policy implications for countries who have committed to protect and facilitate improved mental health among refugees.
Undocumented migrants: A special category of concern for social work services
Authors: Gonzales Joaquin Franco B , Collado Zaldy C
Published: May 2023

This Brief Note emphasizes the growing phenomenon of undocumented migration and the critical role of social work to address the challenges faced by undocumented migrants. It articulates the moral obligation of social work, as an institution, to extend assistance but argues that undocumented migrants be recognized as a special category of concern.
Autophagy Plays a Crucial Role in Ameloblast Differentiation
Authors: Iwaya C. , Suzuki A. , Shim J. , Ambrose C. G. , Iwata J.
Published: May 2023

Tooth enamel is generated by ameloblasts. Any failure in amelogenesis results in defects in the enamel, a condition known as amelogenesis imperfecta. Here, we report that mice with deficient autophagy in epithelial-derived tissues ( K14-Cre;Atg7 F/F and K14-Cre;Atg3 F/F conditional knockout mice) exhibit amelogenesis imperfecta. Micro–computed tomography imaging confirmed that enamel density and thickness were significantly reduced in the teeth of these mice. At the molecular level, ameloblast differentiation was compromised through ectopic accumulation and activation of NRF2, a specific substrate of autophagy. Through bioinformatic analyses, we identified Bcl11b, Dlx3, Klk4, Ltbp3, Nectin1, and Pax9 as candidate genes related to amelogenesis imperfecta and the NRF2-mediated pathway. To investigate the effects of the ectopic NRF2 pathway activation caused by the autophagy deficiency, we analyzed target gene expression and NRF2 binding to the promoter region of candidate target genes and found suppressed gene expression of Bcl11b, Dlx3, Klk4, and Nectin1 but not of Ltbp3 and Pax9. Taken together, our findings indicate that autophagy plays a crucial role in ameloblast differentiation and that its failure results in amelogenesis imperfecta through ectopic NRF2 activation.
Climate Sceptics or Climate Nationalists? Understanding and Explaining Populist Radical Right Parties’ Positions towards Climate Change (1990–2022)
Authors: Schwörer Jakob , Fernández-García Belén
Published: May 2023

Populist radical right parties are often considered to be the most extreme opponents of climate protection in Western Europe. Others predict a ‘climate nationalism’ among populist radical right parties combining nativism with a pro-climate agenda. Based on a new data set on party positions on climate change, including 485 party manifestos – 76 from populist radical right parties – from the 1990s to 2022 in 10 Western European countries, we find that populist radical right parties are divided but generally less likely to speak out for climate protection than other parties, which rather contradicts the climate nationalism argument. We find that populist radical right parties only became more aware of the issue since 2019 in the face of the mass mobilizations of Fridays for Future and, to a lesser extent, when it became a visible issue within the party system. Thus, we argue that populist radical right parties are forced to talk about the climate when the issue is emphasized by organized actors.
A Description of Theoretical Models for Health Service Utilization: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Gliedt Jordan A. , Spector Antoinette L. , Schneider Michael J. , Williams Joni , Young Staci
Published: May 2023

Theoretical models to explain health service utilization are numerous and there is no known literature that has synthesized existing models for health service utilization. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL databases from 1960 through May 2021. Literature theorizing models/frameworks for health service utilization were included. Multiple investigators screened citations and full texts. Data extracted included: (1) citation information, (2) purpose of models, and (3) major constructs of models. The search retrieved 6639 citations. A total of 34 articles were eligible for this review. Theoretical models were categorized into 4 thematic domains based on the purpose of the model: (1) generalized health service utilization, (2) health service utilization with respect to specific sociodemographic determinants of health, (3) health service utilization specific to illness or health disciplines, and (4) preventive health services/screenings. There was an increase in models developed over time with a trend toward model development specific to sociodemographic determinants of health, illness, and/or health disciplines. This review cataloged theoretical models for health service utilization by thematic domain to enhance the identification and critical review of existing models. Findings support the notion that theoretical pluralism has been adopted in the field of health service utilization.
From Here to There: Using Required Courses to Expand First-Generation Mentorship Accessibility
Authors: Opsal Tara , Windsong Elena Ariel , Pedroni Laurence
Published: May 2023

One challenge sociology departments face is conveying to undergraduates the relevance of a sociology degree for future careers. This challenge is more notable for first-generation and working-class students who research shows have more limited access to mentors. Here we present a department-level mentoring initiative designed to address systemic gaps first-generation students face in accessing mentorship, especially in relationship to career readiness. The mentoring module we examine here is the first of four delivered across our curriculum and focuses on introducing what sociologists do in “the real world,” advancing the idea of career transferability, and providing information on university resources helpful to developing student personal and professional identities. We discuss the context, implementation, and analysis of student reflections and conclude with lessons learned and strategies departments can draw on to improve mentoring of first-generation sociology students.
Mixed dissipative filtering design for uncertain singular Markovian jump time-varying delay systems with nonlinear perturbations and generally uncertain transition rates
Authors: Bai Liping , Zhou Juan
Published: May 2023

This paper studies the dissipative filtering of uncertain singular time-varying delay Markovian jump systems (MJSs) with nonlinear perturbations and generally uncertain transition rates (GUTRs). We focus on the design of a mixed filter, which can include mode-dependent and mode-independent filters in a unified and simple structure. First, a new Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is proposed through the delay-decomposition approach, and improved Wirtinger-based integral inequalities are used to obtain a sufficient condition to ensure the stochastic admissibility of the considered uncertain nonlinear singular time-varying delay MJSs with dissipative performance. Based on these ingredients, the explicit expression of the desired mixed filter is obtained. Finally, some numerical examples and the filter design of a two-loop circuit network reflect the less conservatism and effectiveness of the method in this article.
Rudolf Otto and the Fearful Numinous: Jacob and Moses Wrestle with the Dangerous Divine; An Investigation of Genesis 32:22-33 and Exodus 4:24-26
Authors: Nabulsi Rachel
Published: May 2023

This article investigates two unique narratives contained in Genesis 32:22-33 and Exodus 4: 24-36. Both stories share elements of what on the surface appear to be violent and fearful encounters with the divine. Ottonian analysis is used to understand how the placement of these narratives in their context allows the larger text and the reader to understand these episodes as not simply fearful, but as moving from fear to awe as the encounter reveals a piece of the fabric of the intimacy between man and God. Ultimately it is the entire narrative taken within its place in the Hebrew Bible, along with later discussion and commentary, that allow these episodes to develop into the story of a rich and complex relationship between man and a God who cannot be reduced to either an unspeakable experience or an articulable set of concepts, but is at once fully mysterious, numinous, and self-revelatory.
‘I am black and beautiful’: Body-talk toward redefining the identity of black girls using Contextual Bible studies on Song of Songs 1.5–17
Authors: Aidoo Mark
Published: May 2023

Interpretation of a text can either justify power relations and subordination or become a tool for empowerment. While some explain that the speaker is admitting a unique quality in Song 1:5, others think it is an affirmation of identity. This paper presents the views of young Ghanaian girls in two Senior High Schools. A contextual reading of the Song of Songs 1.5–17 is used to present strategies for self-empowerment, confidence, and creativity. Drawing from Africa Agenda 2063, it proposes ways to clarify beliefs about oneself and empower young people to tell their stories about their bodies. When Africans read the Bible, they also look for ways for redefining, rethinking, and re-living in an African community so that they can express their identity better.
Mario Ponzo (1928) on perception of numerosity: A translation and commentary
Authors: Bertamini Marco , Wade Nicholas J.
Published: May 2023

Ponzo is a familiar name in psychology because of the illusion that takes his name. He had a long and productive career in Italy, and some of his work was translated for international journals already in his lifetime. However, few of these papers are available in English. We provide a commentary that considers how his name came to be associated with an illusion he did not discover. We explain the content of several papers, some of which are often cited in a wrong context in the literature (i.e., papers on touch mentioned in relation to the Ponzo illusion). More importantly, we discuss his contribution to the study of perceived numerosity, and provide a full translation of his important 1928 paper, including a redrawing of its 28 illustrations.
Identifying trends in information security and privacy concern research
Authors: Weinberger Maor , Bouhnik Dan
Published: May 2023

Text mining is a research method that can be used to detect research trends and developments in various fields. In this study, an automated textual analysis tool (Voyant Tools) is applied to a vast corpus of academic papers to identify research trends in the fields of information security and privacy concern, focusing on the differences between the first two decades of the twenty-first century. Furthermore, the conceptual proximity between the related terms ‘information security’ and ‘privacy concern’ is investigated by identifying textual trends. We discovered that, while the first decade of information security research was not entirely defined, the second decade focused on privacy-related issues. The focus of privacy concern research was on commerce and marketing in the first decade and on the social dimension in the second decade. This study supports the use of textual analysis of academic literature to identify research trends in various fields, including technological fields.
Research on Congestion Mitigation of Coordinated Control for Connected Vehicles on Pick/Drop Stand Road
Authors: Hu Yucong , Li Xuelong , Liu Qingyang , Ma Huaqing
Published: May 2023

Pick/drop stand road (PDSR) is necessary for specific functions, but it very easily generates congestion and thus results in a less safe and comfortable ride for passengers. The Internet of Vehicles has offered new ideas and technical means to solve the problem. First, this study divides the PDSR into different functional zones and constructs the coordinated control environment of connected vehicles (CVs). A car-following coordinated control strategy (CF-CCS) and a lane-changing coordinated control strategy (LC-CCS) are proposed based on a mixed platoon of CVs and human-driven vehicles. For CF-CCS, this study offers a model for car-following coordinated platoon control based on terminal state prediction of the leading vehicle, with platoon safety and passengers’ comfort as optimization objectives, and solves it using a modified particle swarm algorithm. For LC-CCS, a model for lane-changing coordinated control of platoon is proposed, and a numerical approach is utilized to solve it. It is based on finding the best area for lane-changing location while considering the safety of lane changing and the efficiency of vehicle traffic on the PDSR. Last, VISSIM and MATLAB simulations are conducted to prove that the proposed two strategies can effectively ease congestion, significantly increase the speed of traffic flow on PDSR, and provide passengers with safer and more comfortable rides.
Comprehensive Investigation of Commercial Motor Vehicle Crashes at Signalized and Unsignalized Intersections in Kentucky
Authors: Haleem Kirolos , Hosseinpour Mehdi
Published: May 2023

This study develops safety performance functions (SPFs) for “fatal and injury” (FI) commercial motor vehicle (CMV) crashes (here, a CMV is defined as a large truck or a bus) at both signalized and unsignalized intersections in Kentucky. Five count-response regression models—negative binomial, Conway–Maxwell–Poisson, heterogeneous Conway–Maxwell–Poisson, zero-inflated Conway–Maxwell–Poisson, and zero-inflated heterogeneous Conway–Maxwell–Poisson (ZI-HTCMP)—were developed and compared at each of the selected signalized and unsignalized intersections. FI CMV intersection-related crash data in Kentucky over a period of five years (2015 to 2019) were used. Information on road-specific characteristics, for example, shoulder width, median width and type, International Roughness Index (IRI) value, and traffic volume (including annual average daily traffic [AADT] and heavy vehicle percentage [HVP]) was collected. Additionally, information on intersection-specific characteristics, for example, number of through lanes and presence of exclusive left- and right-turn lanes on major and minor roads, was collected using Google Maps’ street view time slider back to the crash year. For both signalized and unsignalized intersections, the ZI-HTCMP model (with a varying dispersion parameter) outperformed the other comparative models. With regard to signalized intersections, a speed limit of greater than 45 mph on the major road, a speed limit greater than 45 mph on the minor road, and a median on the major road wider than 3 ft were significantly associated with increased FI CMV crashes. As far as unsignalized intersections were concerned, higher major road AADT, 4-legged configuration, a speed limit greater than 45 mph on the major road, and an IRI value of greater than 100 for the major road were significantly associated with increased FI CMV crashes. The SPF results (for each of the signalized and unsignalized intersections) were then used to identify the top 10 hazardous locations for each intersection type.
Factors Affecting Graft Remodeling and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: MRI Study of 180 Knees
Authors: Vari Nicolas , Marot Vincent , Cavaignac Marie , Vieira Thais Dutra , Bérard Émilie , Cavaignac Etienne
Published: May 2023

Background:

Several factors affect the retear rate after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, but there are few data on which factors affect graft remodeling.

Purpose:

To determine which factors are associated with the remodeling of an ACL graft.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the relationship between various exposure factors and the occurrence of an “event”: graft remodeling measured with the signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ). Data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively for this study. The endpoint was the SNQ on magnetic resonance imaging at postoperative 1 year. The effect of the following parameters on SNQ was investigated: sex, smoking habits, age at surgery, body mass index, time to surgery, time to return to sports, type of sport (in-line, pivot, contact), type of graft (free semitendinosus [ST] or attached ST), and addition of lateral tenodesis.

Results:

An overall 180 patients were enrolled (90 with each technique). The following factors were significantly and independently associated with the SNQ: attached ST graft (β = −2.624668; P < .001), age at the time of surgery (β = −0.7948476; P = .012), and time elapsed between the injury event and surgery (β = −0.7137424; P = .046).

Conclusion:

Leaving the ST graft attached distally, being older at the time of surgery, and having more time elapse between the injury event and ACL reconstruction surgery were significantly associated with better graft remodeling.
Who Leads and Who Echoes? Tracing Message Similarity Network of #ClimateChange Advocacy on Twitter
Authors: Wu Viviana Chiu Sik , Xu Weiai Wayne
Published: May 2023

How do nonprofits advocate and shape climate conversations on Twitter? We answer this question by combining computational analyses with thick descriptions of discursive data to analyze message diffusion on Twitter. We first map a temporal message similarity network comprising 298,073 unique tweets sent by climate action and obstruction nonprofits. We then identify four leading nonprofits and trace their message similarity to 2,479 accounts over 2 weeks. Our results suggest that while climate obstruction nonprofits might not be frequent tweeters, their voices are highly reciprocal in the Twitterverse. We also find that messages of either side are most echoed by the public rather than elite audiences. Although diffusion to policymakers is almost absent, we uncover high semantic similarities between messages from climate obstruction nonprofits and bot-like accounts. Our analyses contribute to new theoretical and empirical insights into the roles of nonprofit conversation leaders and their potential message diffusion in climate discourse.