bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human dragons playing in cyberspace
Authors: Sier André
Published: February 2018

DRACO.WOLFANDDOTCOM.INFO is an interactive proto-videogame installation that immerses users, personified as abstract dragons in a cathartic, stochastic, full-body immersive videogame experience, in cyberspace. The work attempts to playfully shift user consciousness towards non-human embodiment, by real-time 3D meshing the data from the human body into a mirrored abstract, ill-defined dragonic 3D shape. It gifts humans with special virtual powers, such as flying and cusping fireballs, as they fight for their progression in the game-space and facing annihilation, through invisible, interactional camera-based technologies which will be exposed in this paper. Inside the piece’s virtual world, users play as endangered dragons in the XXIst century populated by companies, websites and humanoids eager to stop the mythological beasts. The dragons progress in the game-space by inflicting damage upon the city’s landscape. The stochastic game-space ascends in difficulty as the levels progress, slowly changing the joystick’s response into faster speeds and generating larger city-scapes, inducing the game’s ultimate goal of a cathartic ilinxian state of disruption and otherness in human perception.
‘Sustainable’ reframed: How China’s cities and companies are moving from data to decisions, from trees to forests and from pixels to platforms, and how they can play with technologists and data artists
Authors: Fonda-Bonardi Allegra G.
Published: February 2018

Reframing reveals possibilities. This article highlights how conceptual shifts regarding ‘sustainability’ occurring inside China’s municipalities and major corporations are opening the way for new collaborations with technology companies and technology artists. These shifts – from predetermined accounting to systems thinking – reveal new opportunities to intervene in the biophysical and economic challenges facing China today. In companies, this shift implies placing financially relevant environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors at the core of business strategy. In municipalities, this shift necessitates designing and implementing systems that track ecosystem services rather than simply stocks of natural resources and recognizing interdependencies between these services and economic development. This article suggests that this sustainability reframing can draw heavily on systems thinking from environmental science, technology companies’ drive to develop products that meet these emerging demands, corporations’ need to compete in an uncertain developing market and the reframing skills of artists, particularly digital artists. This article concludes with opportunities for digital artists to intervene and collaborate with sustainability practitioners to open new directions for cities and companies in China.
Techno-spiritual horizons: Compassionate networked art forms and noetic fields of cyborg body and consciousness
Authors: Moore Lila
Published: February 2018

The article proposes that the modern notion of the spiritual in art, which was theorized at the beginning of the twentieth century, although remains pivotal to the discourse of art and the spiritual, has radically shifted as a result of changing attitudes to the body–mind relations instigated by popular trends of contemporary spiritualities. This cultural tendency is demonstrated by the analysis of the networked art form of Moon Ribas, e.g., dance with earthquakes. Ribas performs a cyborg body and consciousness that, as contended, could be holistically enhanced and develop a unique compassionate awareness. In addition, I reflect on two examples from my performative practice of Networked Rites that interplay with speculative metaphors, spiritual and shamanic techniques, networked aesthetic forms and technologies. The first invokes communitas as a collective, non-local, networked noetic field. The second utilizes a decision-making app as a mediating device between the body and mind for the making of a prototype cyborg noetic field instilled with auspicious resonance. The article mainly implies that spiritual art continues to evolve through technoetic aesthetics fusing emerging technologies, science and shamanic, spiritual insight. Current trends may develop into benevolent and experiential applications based on the interrelations of human and cyborg body and consciousness.
Race as Aesthetic: The Politics of Vision, Visibility, and Visuality in Vogue Italia’s “A Black Issue”
Authors: Thompson Summers Brandi
Published: February 2018

This essay highlights the construction of black bodies as valuable in the fashion system as a mark of difference and evidence of diversity. Here, I also render the high fashion industry as a site of conflicting elements concerning the deployment and meaning of the black female body. To do so, I use a combined analysis of activism in the fashion industry, which calls for the representation of black models through the visible inclusion of more black bodies on the runway and in magazines, and a textual/image analysis of the July 2008 issue of Vogue Italia, “A Black Issue.” I argue that representations of the black models in the Vogue Italia Black Issue present the “glamorous” black model’s body as unthreatening, alluring, and integrated into dominant discourses of feminine attractiveness. I draw from the presentation of images in the high fashion industry to highlight instances when blackness is asked to prove a post-race and post-racist reality. In an industry in which models are celebrated for being “blank palettes” for designers and fashion editors to mold into a stunning work of art, I ask, what might black do here? Through the aesthetic transformation of race, the neoliberal dimension of race is being played out in the name of art and taste, making race visible even as it elides racism and locating (racial) difference under the rubric of cultural diversity. Therefore, the presentation of black bodies becomes less about their blackness, and more about their ability to sell a marketable black aesthetic.
Black Girls Queer (Re)Dress: Fashion as Literacy Performance in Pariah
Authors: Pritchard Eric Darnell
Published: February 2018

As the many works on the vast scholarly landscape of fashion studies has shown, we underestimate the significance of fashion and style as a tool at our peril. Fashion has much to tell us in an analysis of and intervention into systems of power and domination historically, sociologically, economically, and rhetorically. Merging this claim with another, that the sociopolitical stakes of fashion deepen within a Black queer context, this article employs literacy theory, fashion theory, Black feminism, and Black queer theory to examine how the adornment performances of Alike Freeman, a Black queer girl who is the main character of director Dee Rees’s Pariah, disrupts rigid representations of race, gender, class, and sexuality. Such interventions, I argue, show how fashion functions as a literacy performance toward the pursuit of protection and desire. Through analysis of these literacy performances I demonstrate that the intersections of literacy and Black queer identity in the film require an understanding of literacies that are inclusive of, but not exclusive to, writing, reading, and traditional forms of literacy. Through dress, and in some instances undress, Alike refashions representations of Black girlhood and racialized masculinities that have held discursive prominence. Alike’s use of dress is situated on a genealogy of Black girls’ literacies actualized for self-definition, self-affirmation, self-love, and other pursuits and expressions of freedom.
Embracing Service Learning Opportunities: Student Perceptions of Service Learning as an Aid to Effectively Learn Course Material
Authors: Currie-Mueller Jenna L. , Littlefield Robert S.
Published: February 2018

Educators are aware of the benefits of service learning such as retention or application of course concepts. Students enrolled in courses with a service learning assignment may not be aware of the benefits or may not see the assignment as beneficiary. This study examined student perceptions of service learning to determine if students’ perceptions matched educator perceptions in the literature. Overall, students make the connection between the assignment and course material. Results and themes are discussed.
As representações do corpo humano nos livros didáticos de ciências
Authors: De Lima Soares Emerson , Carrazoni Lopes Viçosa Cátia Silene , Castro Pessano Edward Frederico , Folmer Vanderlei
Published: February 2018

Varios autores han mostrado que el libro de texto aún cumple un importante papel en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, siendo muchas veces el principal y único recurso educativo a disposición de los profesores. Partiendo de este punto, analizaremos en este trabajo las representaciones del cuerpo humano en los libros de texto de ciencias, adoptados por una escuela pública municipal de la ciudad de Uruguaiana/RS. En el contexto de la escritura entendemos que las percepciones del cuerpo atraviesan por una construcción histórica y cultural, constituida a partir de las relaciones vividas por los sujetos. El presente estudio tuvo un carácter cualitativo de investigación, fundamentado en el análisis de contenido de Bardin, en el que tratamos de identificar las representaciones del cuerpo humano en los mensajes, características, estructuras, contenidos y figuras presentes en los libros. Para ello, montamos una matriz analítica con preguntas orientadoras relacionadas con las maneras de entender el cuerpo, presentes en los libros de texto. Los resultados demuestran que los contenidos siguen el mismo patrón en los diferentes libros, es decir, un cuerpo dividido en partes, como si el cuerpo humano estuviera solo formado por miembros, órganos y tejidos. Se presenta una división minuciosa del contenido, desde la organización celular, conceptos, estructuras, y aun, las imágenes son todas presentadas de manera fragmentada, siguiendo siempre patrones normativos. Los libros analizados traen en sus capítulos espacios para discusiones sobre el cuerpo biosocial, en forma elaborada, contemplando diferentes visiones, como la sexualidad más allá de la reproducción humana. Creemos que estas cuestiones deben formar parte de los proyectos políticos pedagógicos (PPP) de las escuelas y del sistema de enseñanza como un todo, pues de este modo se realizarán más proyectos contemplando esta temática. Sin embargo, entendemos que corresponde al profesor(a) realizar este enfoque, y si, tales cuestiones no están contempladas en los libros, es el profesor quien debe tener en mente que, si somos seres pensantes, nuestro cuerpo es mucho más que componentes orgánicos, y así buscar los medios para realizar este enfoque.
Evaluation of Anatolian Alevi people living in Istanbul with “Purnell' Cultural Competence Model”
İstanbul’da yaşayan Anadolu Alevilerinin Purnell’in Kültürel Yeterlilik Modeli ile değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çınar Fadime , Eti Aslan Fatma
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study is to evaluate Anatolian Alevi People Living In Istanbul With Cultural “Purnell' Cultural Competence Model”. Sample of this qualitative conducted study includes total 30 Alevi people aging between 19 and 56, registered at Ümraniye Ihlamurkuyu djemevi. Snowball sampling method was used to select sample. The research data were collected in the form of a semi-structured interview form, written recordings and voice recordings, which included the topics included in Purnell's cultural competence model to assess cultural features.Focus group interviews were conducted between January and March 2017. Data were collected by using voice and written records. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis and semiotics methods. It is reported that early marriage, marriage with relatives and early pregnancy are common, and alcohol and smoking are rare in Alevi population. In addition, it was also reported that there are some negative perceiving such as double standard in society, low health service opportunity, and religious discrimination. Results found in the research showed that there are not significant differences between Anatolian Alevi and Turkish population on social demographic and social structures. In order to decrease this perceiving, more social and cultural combining programs may be conducted.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, İstanbul’da Yaşayan Anadolu Alevilerinin Purnell’in Kültürel Yeterlilik Modeline bağlı olarak değerlendirmektir. Niteliksel türde desenlenen araştırmanın evrenini, Ümraniye Ihlamurkuyu cem evine kayıtlı olan Türk kökenli 19-56 yaş arası toplam 30 alevi oluşturdu. Örneklem seçiminde kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanıldı. Araştırma verileri, kültürel özellikleri değerlendirmek için Purnell’in kültürel yeterlilik modelinde yer alan temaları içeren yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile yazılı kayıt ve ses kaydı şeklinde toplandı. Odak grup görüşmeleri Ocak-Mart 2017 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz ve gösterge bilimsel analiz yöntemleri ile değerlendirildi. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Alevilerde erken yaşta evlilik, akraba evliliği ve erken gebe kalmanın yaygın olduğu, alkol ve sigara kullanımının az olduğu ifade edildi. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular, Türk Alevilerinin aslında sosyo demografik ve sosyal yapılarının Türk toplumunun genel yapısından farklı olmadığını, temelde inanç farklılığı üzerinden, Türk toplumunda var olan olumsuzlukların buna yorulduğu görüldü. Bu algının azaltılması için, daha fazla sosyal ve kültürel kaynaşma programlarına yer verilebilir.
Internet addiction among vocational students in Çanakkale; Example of Biga Vocational School
Çanakkale’de meslek yüksekokulu öğrencileri arasında internet bağımlılığı; Biga Meslek Yüksekokulu örneği
Authors: Dinç Ayten , Aşkın Ayşin
Published: February 2018

Internet addiction is an important problem especially for the younger generation in today's technology. This study is to investigate internet addiction among vocational students in Çanakkale. Without using the sample selection, 266 students, who were at school at the time of the study and agreed to participate in the study, were included in the study. The data were collected by using the Form of Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Internet Addiction Test. 68.8% of the students connected to the internet via their mobile phones.  69.6% of them use the internet every day. They connected to the internet for averagely 8.2±7.2 hours. 54.5% of the students were normal internet users, 42.1% were risky internet users and 3.4% were internet addicted.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.Özetİnternet bağımlılığı, günümüz teknolojisinde özellikle genç nesil için önemli bir sorundur. Bu araştırmada Çanakkale'de bir meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılığı durumu incelenmiştir. Örneklem seçimine gidilmeden, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 266 öğrenci çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında sosyo-demografik özellikler formu ve internet bağımlılık ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin %68,8’i internete cep telefonlarından bağlanmaktadırlar. Öğrencilerin %69,6'sının interneti her gün kullandığı görülmektedir. Günde ortalama 8,2±7,2 saat internet kullanmaktadırlar. Öğrencilerin %54,5'inin normal internet kullanıcısı, %42.1'inin riskli internet kullanıcısı, %3.4 ünün ise bağımlı internet kullanıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır.
Effect of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni extract on sexual dysfunction in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats
Authors: Ghaheri Matin , Miraghaee Shahram , Babaei Atefeh , Mohammadi Bahareh , Kahrizi Danial , Saivosh Haghighi Zahra Minoosh , Bahrami Gholamreza
Published: February 2018

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has been used locally as a non-calorie sweetener in medicine and diabetic diet which claimed to have aphrodisiac properties, although no scientific data of this function have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of S. rebaudiana extract on sexual dysfunction, testosterone levels and number of Leydig cells in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male rats. A total of 28 diabetic male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: diabetic group without any extract and 3 extract groups (5, 50 and 100 mg/kg). Seven normal control rats were treated with vehicle mount latency and frequency of (ML, MF), intromission latency and frequency (IL, IF), ejaculation latency and frequency of (EL, EF), the mount latency post ejaculation (MPE), the intromission latency post ejaculation (ILE), the intromission frequency post ejaculation (IFE) were recorded during 30 min on days 0, 14, 28. The serum testosterone levels, blood glucose, sex organs weight, number of leydig cells and histology of testicular tissue were measured. The stevia group (5 mg/kg) had a significant (p<0.05) increase in EF and IF. The number of Leydig cells in the diabetic group were significantly (p<0.05) reduced compared to the normal group and diabetic groups with extract (5 and 50 mg/kg). The serum testosterone levels and other sexual behaviors did not show any significant differences. The low- dose stevia extract with attention to antioxidant, vasodilator and anti-diabetic properties can be aphrodisiac in STZ- induced diabetic male rats.
Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea
Authors: Miranda M. L. , Mustaffa N. I. H. , Robinson T. B. , Stolle C. , Ribas-Ribas M. , Wurl O. , Zielinski O.
Published: February 2018

We investigated the influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters of the sea surface microlayer (SML), including the spectroscopic composition of FDOM, and biotic and abiotic parameters. We calculated the humification index, biological index, and recently produced material index from the ultraviolet spectra to characterize the dynamic environment of the SML. The humification index ranged from 4 to 14 in the SML and 14 to 22 in underlying water (ULW). An inverse relation for this index as a function of solar radiation was observed, indicating photochemical decomposition of complex molecules present in fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). The biological index (along Leg 2) ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 for the SML and 1.0 to 1.5 for ULW. The index for recently produced material ranged from 0.25 to 0.8 for the SML and 0.5 to 1.0 for ULW. The FDOM enrichment process of the SML was influenced by the photochemical decomposition of highly aromatic-like fluorophores, as indicated by the calculated indices. Fluorescence intensity increased for humic C peaks (>0.5 Raman units) in the North Sea samples and for humic M peaks (>1.0 Raman units) for Jade Bay. Spearman analysis for FDOM enrichment in the SML as a function of PAR (for Leg 2) showed a weak positive correlation (Rho = 0.676, n = 11, p = 0.022). Abundance of small photoautotrophic cells (Rho = 0.782, n = 11, p = 0.045) and of bacteria (Rho = 0.746, n = 11, p = 0.0082) also showed a positive correlation as a function of PAR. Overall, we found positive trends between the intensity of available light and the response of the constituents within the SML, highlighting the role of the surface microlayer as a distinctive habitat characterized by unique photochemical processes.
Review of Environmental Aspects and Community Behavior in the Determination of Filariasis Risk Vulnerability Zone
Authors: Khikmah Nurul , Pawenang Eram Tunggul
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Pekalongan City is a filariasis endemic area with the highest number of filariasis cases in Central Java. One of the factors influencing the risk of transmission of filariasis is environmental factors and community behavior. The purpose of this research was to know the potential areas of filariasis transmission risk in terms of environmental condition and behavior of society. This research was conducted on 6 urban villages in Pekalongan City on May-June 2017.

It was quantitative descriptive research based on Geographic Information System (GIS) with the object of research in the form of environmental factors and community behavior in the mapping unit. The sample technique used proportional random sampling with 387 respondents in a sample area. Data analysis used univariat and spatial analysis with buffer, overlapping and overlay techniques.

The result of this study were still there region that categorized very vulnerable to transmission of filariasis with amount each variable as many as 55.3% (21 RWs) based on sewerage condition, 57.8% (22 RWs) based on the presence of stagnant water, 23.7% (9 RWs) based on the night outdoor habit, 86.9% (33 RWs) based on the habit of using mosquito nets, and 39.5% (15 RWs) based on the overlay of vulnerability to environmental conditions and community behavior.

 

 

ABSTRAK

Kota Pekalongan merupakan daerah endemik filariasis dengan jumlah kejadian filariasis tertinggi di Jawa Tengah. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat risiko penularan filariasis di Kota Pekalongan adalah faktor lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daerah potensial penularan filariasis ditinjau dari kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 6 kelurahan di Kota Pekalongan pada bulan Mei-Juni 2017.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dengan objek penelitian berupa faktor lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat dalam unit pemetaan. Pengambilan sampel perilaku dilakukan dengan teknik proporsional random sampling menggunakan sampel wilayah terdahap 387 responden. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis spasial dengan teknik buffer, pengharkatan dan overlay.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat wilayah yang masuk kategori sangat rentan penularan filariasis proporsi sebanyak 55,3% (21 RW) berdasarkan kondisi SPAL, 57,8% (22 RW) berdasarkan keberadaan genangan air, 23,7% (9 RW) berdasarkan kebiasaan keluar rumah pada malam hari, 86,9% (33 RW) berdasarkan kebiasaan memakai kelambu, dan 39,5% (15 RW) berdasarkan overlay kerentanan kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat.
SWOT Analysis on JKN Implementation in Ngaliyan Health Center Semarang in 2016
Authors: Melani Florentina , Santjaka Aris , Latif Rr Vita Nur
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

                   The position of  Health Center (Puskesmas) as a first level health facility becomes the spearhead in good implementation of JKN (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or National Health Insurance). By using SWOT Analysis in 6M dimension (Men, Money, Method, Material, Machine, Market), it is expected to be an alternative for Ngaliyan Health Center to improve the work performance and become a reliable health facility for Ngaliyan citizens. And it can support the realization of totally covered insurance in 2019. This study aims to explore the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the Ngaliyan Health Center in organizing JKN service in 6M dimension (Men, Money, Method, Material, Market, Machine), to find the critical point and make KSF (Key Success Factor). The research is qualitative descriptive with structured in-depth interview approach. Using 15 informants selected by purposive sampling. The results of this study obtained a critical point that is on the dimension of money. There was a deficit between capitation and expenditure funds of the Health Center in the implementation of JKN.

 

ABSTRAK

                   Kedudukan puskesmas sebagai fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama menjadi ujung tombak pelaksanaan JKN yang baik. Dengan menggunakan Analisa SWOT dalam dimensi 6M (Men, Money, Method, Material, Machine, Market) diharapkan menjadi alternatif bagi puskesmas ngaliyan untuk meningkatkan prestasi kerja dan menjadi fasilitas kesehatan yang diandalkan bagi warga Ngaliyan. Serta bisa mendukung terwujudnya totally covered di tahun 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi Kekuatan, Kelemahan, Peluang, dan  Ancaman bagi puskesmas Ngaliyan dalam menyelenggarakan pelayanan JKN dalam dimensi 6M (Men, Money, Method, Material, Market, Machine), untuk menemukan titik kritis, serta membuat FKK (Faktor Kunci Keberhasilan). Penelitian berupa kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan wawancara mendalam terstruktur. Menggunakan 15 orang informan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling.Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan titik kritis yaitu pada dimensi money. Terdapat defisit antara dana kapitasi dan biaya yang dikeluarkan puskesmas dalam pelaksanaan JKN.
Preoperative medical treatment in Cushing’s syndrome: frequency of use and its impact on postoperative assessment: data from ERCUSYN
Authors: Valassi Elena , Franz Holger , Brue Thierry , Feelders Richard A , Netea-Maier Romana , Tsagarakis Stylianos , Webb Susan M , Yaneva Maria , Reincke Martin , Droste Michael , Komerdus Irina , Maiter Dominique , Kastelan Darko , Chanson Philippe , Pfeifer Marija , Strasburger Christian J , Tóth Miklós , Chabre Olivier , Krsek Michal , Fajardo Carmen , Bolanowski Marek , Santos Alicia , Trainer Peter J , Wass John A H , Tabarin Antoine , _ _ , _ _ , Ambrogio A , Aranda G , Arosio M , Balomenaki M , Beck-Peccoz P , Berr-Kirmair C , Bollerslev J , Carvalho D , Cavagnini F , Christ E , Demtröder F , Denes J , Dimopoulou C , Dreval A , Dusek T , Erdinc E , Evang J A , Fazel J , Fica S , Ghigo E , Goth M , Greenman Y , Greisa V , Halperin I , Hanzu FA , Hermus A , Johannsson G , Kamenicky P , Kasperlik-Zaluska A , Kirchner J , Kraljevic I , Kruszynska A , Lambrescu I , Lang S , Luger A , Marpole N , Martin S , Martinie M , Moros O , Newell-Price J , Orbetzova M , Paiva I , Pecori Giraldi F , Pereira A M , Pickel J , Pirags V , Ragnarsson O , Reghina A D , Riesgo P , Roberts M , Roerink S , Roig O , Rowan C , Rudenko P , A Sahnoun M , Salvador J , Sigurjonsdottir HA , Skoric Polovina T , Smith R , Stachowska B , Stalla G , Tőke J , Ubina E , Vinay S , Wagenmakers M , Werner S , Young J , Zdunowski P , Zopf K , Zopp S , Zosin I
Published: February 2018

Background

Surgery is the definitive treatment of Cushing’s syndrome (CS) but medications may also be used as a first-line therapy. Whether preoperative medical treatment (PMT) affects postoperative outcome remains controversial.

Objective

(1) Evaluate how frequently PMT is given to CS patients across Europe; (2) examine differences in preoperative characteristics of patients who receive PMT and those who undergo primary surgery and (3) determine if PMT influences postoperative outcome in pituitary-dependent CS (PIT-CS).

Patients and methods

1143 CS patients entered into the ERCUSYN database from 57 centers in 26 countries. Sixty-nine percent had PIT-CS, 25% adrenal-dependent CS (ADR-CS), 5% CS from an ectopic source (ECT-CS) and 1% were classified as having CS from other causes (OTH-CS).

Results

Twenty per cent of patients took PMT. ECT-CS and PIT-CS were more likely to receive PMT compared to ADR-CS (P < 0.001). Most commonly used drugs were ketoconazole (62%), metyrapone (16%) and a combination of both (12%). Median (interquartile range) duration of PMT was 109 (98) days. PIT-CS patients treated with PMT had more severe clinical features at diagnosis and poorer quality of life compared to those undergoing primary surgery (SX) (P < 0.05). Within 7 days of surgery, PIT-CS patients treated with PMT were more likely to have normal cortisol (P < 0.01) and a lower remission rate (P < 0.01). Within 6 months of surgery, no differences in morbidity or remission rates were observed between SX and PMT groups.

Conclusions

PMT may confound the interpretation of immediate postoperative outcome. Follow-up is recommended to definitely evaluate surgical results.
Nutrient Intake in the First Two Weeks of Life and Brain Growth in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Schneider Juliane , Fischer Fumeaux Céline J. , Duerden Emma G. , Guo Ting , Foong Justin , Graz Myriam Bickle , Hagmann Patric , Chakravarty M. Mallar , Hüppi Petra S. , Beauport Lydie , Truttmann Anita C. , Miller Steven P.
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND:

Optimizing early nutritional intake in preterm neonates may promote brain health and neurodevelopment through enhanced brain maturation. Our objectives were (1) to determine the association of energy and macronutrient intake in the first 2 weeks of life with regional and total brain growth and white matter (WM) maturation, assessed by 3 serial MRI scans in preterm neonates; (2) to examine how critical illness modifies this association; and (3) to investigate the relationship with neurodevelopmental outcomes.

METHODS:

Forty-nine preterm neonates (21 boys, median [interquartile range] gestational age: 27.6 [2.3] weeks) were scanned serially at the following median postmenstrual weeks: 29.4, 31.7, and 41. The total brain, basal nuclei, and cerebellum were semiautomatically segmented. Fractional anisotropy was extracted from diffusion tensor imaging data. Nutritional intake from day of life 1 to 14 was monitored and clinical factors were collected.

RESULTS:

Greater energy and lipid intake predicted increased total brain and basal nuclei volumes over the course of neonatal care to term-equivalent age. Similarly, energy and lipid intake were significantly associated with fractional anisotropy values in selected WM tracts. The association of ventilation duration with smaller brain volumes was attenuated by higher energy intake. Brain growth predicted psychomotor outcome at 18 months’ corrected age.

CONCLUSIONS:

In preterm neonates, greater energy and enteral feeding during the first 2 weeks of life predicted more robust brain growth and accelerated WM maturation. The long-lasting effect of early nutrition on neurodevelopment may be mediated by enhanced brain growth. Optimizing nutrition in preterm neonates may represent a potential avenue to mitigate the adverse brain health consequences of critical illness.
Imágenes corporales: construcciones del cuerpo femenino en las hermanas Agüero de Cristina García
Authors: Fernández Sánchez Paloma
Published: February 2018

Los cuerpos femeninos en Las hermanas Agüero son espacios de control en los que se imponen las políticas de control establecidas por el discurso hegemónico.El presente trabajo analiza la manera en que las convenciones sociales (nacionales y transnacionales) y la memoria/nostalgia causadas por el exilio se inscriben en los cuerpos de los personajes determinando no solo el comportamiento, sino también su apariencia, funciones físicas y significado social. El análisis muestra que los valores y significados atribuidos a los cuerpos de estos personajes están literalmente esculpidos sobre ellos, ya que la sociedad que habitan no se conforma con educar a los individuos para que cumplan los preceptos socioculturales que su ideología promulga, sino que además los talla forzándolos a replicar una imagen corporal predeterminada.
A mikro-RNS-ek szerepe az agyalapimirigy-daganatok tumorbiológiájában
Authors: Németh Kinga , Darvasi Ottó , Szücs Nikolette , Czirják Sándor , Butz Henriett
Published: February 2018

Abstract:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single stranded RNA molecules which play regulatory roles through posttranscriptional regulation of their target genes. Based on our current knowledge, more than 30% of the human protein-coding genes are regulated by miRNAs, hence influencing basic cellular mechanisms including cell proliferation, differentiation and cell death. Differential miRNA expression pattern has been detected in many different types of tumors and, recently, several publications have referred to miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets. Through adjustment of miRNA levels by artificial miRNAs administration or miRNA inhibition, we can influence not only one target gene but also complex biological pathways. Pituitary adenoma is the second most frequent intracranial tumor. In spite of this, the molecular mechanism of the pituitary adenoma formation is not yet entirely revealed. Recently, more and more evidences have been found suggesting that miRNAs have an important role in pituitary adenoma pathogenesis. Here, we summarize the recent results related to this role and highlight the therapeutic potentials in pituitary adenomas. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(7): 252–259.
Háziorvosok és idősellátás egy kérdőíves kutatás tükrében
Authors: Tróbert Anett Mária , Széman Zsuzsanna
Published: February 2018

Abstract:

According to statistical data, the number of healthy life years is not increasing in proportion with the longer average life expectancy. In the ageing societies, the long-term care systems are increasingly overburdened; cost-efficient operation and the related coordination of services is one of the key questions for their sustainability. The present separation of the health care and social care systems causes numerous difficulties. One aim of the online research by questionnaire was to survey the attitude of general practitioners – who play a very important part in care for the elderly – towards their elder patients, the patients’ family members, and social workers providing eldercare. The other aim was to gather information on shortcomings experienced by doctors in the care system and on what possibilities general practitioners see for the improvement of eldercare. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied and analysed by descriptive and content methodology. The questionnaires were sent out to 5060 addresses around the country: a total of 145 were returned filled in. The respondents made many recommendations for the improvement of eldercare in the categories of development of social services, family support, development of health services, and societal cooperation. The areas in need of development named by the general practitioners are closely interrelated: the reform of social care would support the health care system and vice versa. More effective operation of the health and social care systems would ease the burdens of families, and at the same time encourage more active participation of families in the care process. And the systematic education of society and communities is a long-term investment that would strengthen a positive attitude towards old age and a value-oriented view of the ageing process that is one of the basic conditions for successful social integration of the elderly. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(8): 312–319.
Szteroid-21-hidroxiláz-deficientia, a congenitalis adrenalis hyperplasia leggyakoribb oka
Authors: Doleschall Márton , Török Dóra , Mészáros Katalin , Luczay Andrea , Halász Zita , Németh Krisztina , Szücs Nikolette , Kiss Róbert , Tőke Judit , Sólyom János , Fekete György , Patócs Attila , Igaz Péter , Tóth Miklós
Published: February 2018

Abstract:

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a group of genetic diseases due to the disablement of 7 genes; one of them is steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The genes of congenital adrenal hyperplasia encode enzymes taking part in the steroidogenesis of adrenal gland. Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the steroid 21-hydroxylase gene. The mutations of steroid 21-hydroxylase gene cause 95% of the congenital adrenal hyperplasia cases. Although the non-classic steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency with mild symptoms is seldom diagnosed, the classic steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency may lead to life-threatening salt-wasting and adrenal crises due to the insufficient aldosterone and cortisol serum levels. The classic type requires life-long steroid replacement which may result in cushingoid side effects, and typical comorbidities may be also developed. The patients’ quality of life is decreased, and their mortality is much higher than that of the population without steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The diagnosis, consequences and the patients’ life-long clinical care require a multidisciplinary approach: the specialists in pediatrics, internal medicine, endocrinology, laboratory medicine, genetic diagnostics, surgery, obstetrics-gynecology and psychology need to work together. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(7): 269–277.
EKG-gyöngyszem: Pseudoinfarctusos Q-hullámok és alacsony kilengések
Authors: Tomcsányi János
Published: February 2018

Abstract:

Therapy refracter heart failure is presented. The admission ECG shows low voltage and pseudoinfarct Q waves highly diagnostic for the etiology of heart failure. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(8): 327–329.
Distribution of Apple stem grooving virus in apple trees in the Czech Republic
Authors: Polák J. , Zieglerová J.
Published: February 2018

From 1997 to 2000 the distribution of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in selected intensive apple orchards was investigated at six sites in the Czech Republic. Detection of ASGV was by ELISA. The virus was found to be commonly distributed; it was detected in over 50 % of the tested trees. Some cultivars were infected up to 100 %, while several were found to be virus-free. A high incidence of infected trees appeared in both older (20 years) and younger (7 to 8 years) orchards. This emphasizes the necessity to initiate the certification of the health condition of nursery material according to the system recommended by the EPPO.
Fusarium species, their taxonomy, variability and significance in plant pathology – a review
Authors: Zemánková M. , Lebeda A.
Published: February 2018

Fusarium Link (1809) is an anamorph genus with worldwide distribution and a remarkable degree of biodiversity. Its species are common in soil and have been found on a very wide range of vascular plants. Some specialized species are parasitic on other fungi and or insects. In the system of fungi the genus Fusarium is classified in the class Hyphomycetes which belongs to the Deuteromycotina. Teleomorphs have been placed in the genera Nectria and Gibberella, order Hypocreales (Ascomycetes). The taxonomy of the genus Fusarium is not settled and the number of species and sections varies. A few recent classification systems of this genus exist. Fusarium spp. have mostly been studied in the context of their ability to cause diseases of many economically important crop plants. Some species produce mycotoxins and other metabolites that can be harmful to humans and livestock. There is a wide variability in pathogenicity, and in many Fusarium spp. various formae speciales (f.sp.) and physiological races are known. In this paper a description of the 14 most important soil and plant pathogenic Fusarium spp. is provided.
Utilization of immunochemical methods to detect Phytophthora fraga-riae – a quarantine pathogen of strawberry
Authors: Pekárová B. , Krátká J. , Slováček J.
Published: February 2018

Polyclonal antibodies anti-PfP IgG and anti-PfM IgG and monoclonal antibody MAb29 were prepared to detect a quarantine pathogen of strawberry, Phytophthora fragariae. Laboratory rabbits and mice were immunized using purified and unpurified protein extracts from the mycelial mass of the pathogen. All prepared antibodies were genus-specific, therefore Phytophthora cactorum was also detected. Except for Pythium ultimum, the antibodies did not cross-react with other pathogenic fungi, such as Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium sp., Verticillium albo-atrum. PTA-ELISA was used to test the antibodies. P. fragariae was detected in artificially infected strawberries (cultivars Elsanta, Kama and Vanda) by means of PTA-ELISA, immunoprinting and dot blot. Detection of the pathogen was optimal in undamaged roots or roots with necrotic tips only. At a later stage of infection, when whole roots were necrotic, the crown was more suitable for successful detection. To detect P. fragariae at the early stages of infection it is recommended to use at least two of the three mentioned immunotechniques.
Occurrence, pathogenicity and survival of Macrophoma mangiferae in leaves, branches and stems of mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Okigbo R.N.
Published: February 2018

Frequency of occurrence and persistence of Macrophoma mangiferae Higorani & Sharma on 4-year old mango plants (Mangifera indica L.) growing under various conditions were investigated over two periods of 6 months in South-Eastern Nigeria. Among the five locations studied, the frequency of occurrence of the disease was highest at Umuahia, with 65% for leaves and 41% for stems. The chances of the fungus to survive adverse conditions in mango tissues were higher in the stems and branches than in the leaves; more fungal colonies were recovered from the stems and branches than from the leaves. The fungus survived adverse conditions, forming structures such as chlamydospores and thick walled hyphae under continuous light. In the dark, the fungus remained in vegetative form and hence did not produce any sexual reproductive structures. When subjected to continuous light, the fungus produced pycnidia. Leaving dried leaves and fragments of dried stems and branches on the farms is likely to raise the level of primary inoculum for mango diseases.
An unusual Penicillium on rockwool in glasshouses
Authors: Šafránková I. , Marvanová L.
Published: February 2018

Species of the genus Penicillium are ubiquitous saprotrophs, spreading easily by conidia through the atmosphere. They appear most frequently in soil and on various organic matter. Penicillium olsonii had been found on seeds of various plants in the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia. In our case, this fungus was found on the strips of rockwool in the glasshouses of Horticultural Faculty in Lednice (Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno) in 2000 and 2001. The strain is preserved in the Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Brno, Czech Republic, as CCM 8259.
A new concept of economic injury level that includes penalization of damage to quality and safety of agricultural products
Authors: Stejskal V.
Published: February 2018

The traditional model of Economic Injury Level (EIL) does not allow to directly incorporate aspects of damage to quality and safety of a product (Dq) into the decision-making process to control a pest (pathogen, weed, arthropod, vertebrate). This work now attempts to generalize a concept of EIL by (i) separating damages to quality and safety (i.e. Dq and EILq) from quantitative (i.e. Dw and EILw) types of damage (D) in the traditional EIL-equation, and (ii) by establishing a new way of estimation of EILq based on the penalization of quality and/or safety damage. The importance to distinguish between the terms EIL, EILw and EILq is discussed, and a calculation of the new index (Z), enabling the comparison of the relative economic importance of qualitative and quantitative damage caused by a particular level of pest infestation or disease severity, is proposed.
Virulence of wheat leaf rust in Slovakia in 1997–1998
Authors: Bartoš P. , Huszár J. , Herzová E.
Published: February 2018

In 1997–1998 virulence of the leaf rust population was studied on near isogenic Thatcher lines with the genes for resistance Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9, Lrll, Lr15, Lr/7, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28, and on the standard differentials Mala­ koff, Carina, Brevit, Webster, Loros, Mediterranean, Hussar, Democrat and the supplemental cultivar Salzmtinder Bartweizen. All 55 analyzed rust samples were avirulent on Lr9, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr28.On the standard differentials, races 61SaBa, 77SaBa, 77/57SaBa, 2SaBa, 77, 12SaBa, 62SaBa, 6, 6SaBa and 14 were determined. Races 61SaBa and 77SaBa (77/57SaBa) prevailed in both years. Races 6 and 6SaBa were found for the first time. The effectiveness of leaf rust resistance genes in registered cultivars under field conditions in variety trials is discussed.
Personality assessment protocol v1
Authors: Chen Bo-jian , Liu Kai , Zhou Lin-jun , Gomes-Silva Guilherme , Sommer-Trembo and Martin Plath Carolin , Plath Martin
Published: February 2018

This protocal characterized each focal fish (Gambusia affinis) for three standard indicators of personality using well-established experimental approaches: (1) boldness as latency to emerge from shelter and enter an unknown area, (2) activity in an open field tank and (3) sociability (i.e., shoaling tendencies), estimated as the time spent in the vicinity of a group of conspecifics. We tested each fish twice for its personality on two successive days, which allowed us to test for behavioral repeatability across both assessments.
Measuring Nucleosome Assembly Activity in vitro with the Nucleosome Assembly and Quantification (NAQ) Assay v1
Authors: Varma Aadi
Published: February 2018

Nucleosomes organize the eukaryotic genome into chromatin. In cells, nucleosome assembly relies on the activity of histone chaperones, proteins with high binding affinity to histones. At least a subset of histone chaperones promotes histone deposition in vivo. However, it has been challenging to characterize this activity, due to the lack of quantitative assays. Here we developed a quantitative nucleosome assembly (NAQ) assay to measure the amount of nucleosome formation in vitro. This assay relies on a Micrococcal nuclease (MNase) digestion step that yields DNA fragments protected by the deposited histone proteins. A subsequent run on the Bioanalyzer machine allows the accurate quantification of the fragments (length and amount), relative to a loading control. This allows us to measure nucleosome formation by following the signature DNA length of ~150 bp. This assay finally enables the characterization of the nucleosome assembly activity of different histone chaperones, a step forward in the understanding of the functional roles of these proteins in vivo.
Perspectivas actuales del Derecho. Bio-política y bio-juridicidad. Incidencia en el estudio y aplicación del derecho administrativo
Authors: García Pullés Fernando
Published: February 2018

El hombre se ubica en el centro de la tensión entre el poder y el derecho. La historia exhibe que la vinculación entre estos dos últimos términos carece de sustancia cuando se la plantea en términos binarios, despojada del presupuesto condicionante de la dignidad humana. Es necesario advertir que la realidad actual exige una respuesta que supere las técnicas de la biopolítica y se apoye en el valor de la dignidad humana como concepto central de toda funcionalidad del derecho. Esta nueva perspectiva encuentra particular significación en el diseño de las políticas, las regulaciones y el examen de las instituciones de derecho administrativo. Los ejemplos de la evolución en Argentina.
Fraccionamiento del contrato y división en lotes. Posibilidad de limitar el número de lotes a los que un operador económico pueda licitar o adjudicarse a cada licitador
Authors: Rodríguez Martín-Retortillo María Del Carmen
Published: February 2018

En este trabajo se efectúa un análisis del tema partiendo de los antecedentes históricos hasta la nueva regulación de la cuarta generación de Directivas comunitarias y el PLCSP. En consonancia con el objetivo de favorecer la concurrencia de las PYME, la Directiva 2014/24/UE dispone que se deberá justificar la no división en lotes. A su vez, no se podrá fraccionar el contrato con la finalidad de disminuir la cuantía del mismo y eludir así los requisitos de publicidad o los relativos al procedimiento de adjudicación que correspondan. Respecto a la limitación en el número de lotes en que los operadores pueden concurrir o la limitación del número de lotes que se puedan adjudicar a un solo licitador, debe hacerse previo el correspondiente estudio que garantice el interés público y la eficiencia de la decisión y las condiciones del mercado, favoreciendo la concurrencia.