bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGELOLAAN PEKARANGAN UNTUK KETAHANAN PANGAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Wijayanti Septi Nur , Setiawan Agus Nugroho
Published: March 2021

Saat ini lahan pertanian tanaman pangan di Gondoarum, Wonokerto, Turi mengalami penyusutan sehingga untuk mencukupi kebutuhan bahan pangan masyarakat harus membeli di warung atau pasar. Salah satu lahan yang potensial untuk dikelola menjadi lahan pertanian untuk menghasilkan bahan pangan adalah pekarangan. Sebagian besar masyarakat Gondoarum merupakan petani, namun yang mengelola halaman dan pekarangan untuk budidaya tanaman pangan masih terbatas, karena keterbatasan pengetahuan dan keterampilannya. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat dengan tujuan menjadikan pekarangan rumah di Gondoarum menjadi lahan pertanian produktif. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat dilakukan dengan metode partisipatif, melalui beberapa tahapan mulai dari koordinasi dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, implementasi di lapangan, sampai monitoring dan evaluasi dengan melibatkan Tim Pelaksana dari UMY, ibu-ibu PKK, Kepala Dukuh dan Ketua RT serta Ketua RW. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat telah berjalan baik dengan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat Gondoarum cukup tinggi, dan memberikan hasil masyarakat mampu mengelola pekarangan dan mampu mewujudkan  halaman asri, teratur, indah dan nyaman, serta produktif. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat telah memberikan kemanfaatan yang luas dengan mampu menyediakan berbagai bahan pangan dari hasil panen di pekarangan dalam masa pandemi Covid-19.
KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM KELUARGA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN TARAF HIDUP MASYARAKAT DUSUN SEMPU, WONOKERTO, KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Azmawati Dian , Kartikasari Wahyuni
Published: March 2021

Dusun Sempu berada di kaki gunung Merapi, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sebagai salah satu dari 13 dukuh di Desa wonokerto, Kecamatan Turi, Kabupaten Sleman, Provinsi Daerah istimewa Yogyakart, mayoritas warga dusun bermata pencaharian sebagai petani, khususnya salak. Sempu memiliki 330 kk, dengan jumlah penduduk 1136, terdiri dari laki-laki 574 jiwa dan jumlah perempuan sebanyak 562 jiwa. Dusun ini sudah cukup maju, tampak dari kondisi ekonomi sebagian besar warganya dan fasilitas pendidikan serta kesehatan yang baik.

Dalam aspek sosial kemasyarakatan, warga dusun sudah cukup maju dengan aktifnya organisasi, seperti organisasi kepemudaan yaitu Kelompok Karang Taruna dan arisan, serta keagamaan seperti TPA.  Kegiatan musyawarah sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat Dukuh Sempu dalam rangka mencari sebuah solusi, dalam pertemuan arisan antar RT, rapat ibu-ibu PKK, Pertemuan bapak-bapak atau pada perkumpulan yang diadakan di Dukuh Sempu. Namun pengambilan keputusan masih sering dilakukan hanya dengan mendengarkan keputusan dari kaum laki-laki, sehingga peran perempuan dalam musyawarah dan pengambilan keputusan masih rendah. Kultur sosial budaya yang ada menempatkan perempuan pada kelas kedua.  Hegemoni budaya patriarkhi menempatkan laki-laki sebagai pemimpin dalam keluarga, organisasi, maupun politik, sehingga partisipasi perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan masih relatif rendah, sehingga perempuan lebih memilih bersikap pasif.  Kondisi tersebut mendorong kami untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan perempuan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat agar pembangunan dusun Sempu dapat berjalan dengan lebih baik.  Melalui kegiatan pengabdian dengan tema “Kesetaraan Gender”, diharapkan dengan keterlibatan perempuan, pembangunan yang berjalan menjadi sensitif terhadap kebutuhan berbagai elemen dalam masyarakat, salah satunya adalah perempuan.
PEMBERDAYAAN ANGGOTA AISYIYAH CABANG KASIHAN BERBASIS OLAHAN BAHAN PANGAN LOKAL
Authors: Istiyanti Eni , Sarjiyah Sarjiyah
Published: March 2021

Anggota Aisyiyah Ranting Ngestiharjo dan Tamantirto Utara cabang Kasihan mempunyai  usaha produksi snack (jajanan) dengan bahan baku sebagian besar dari tepung terigu.  Snack yang diproduksi dengan bahan pangan lokal seperti ubi jalar dan ubi kayu masih sangat terbatas dengan tampilan yang kurang menarik konsumen kekinian. Hal ini disebabkan karena pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam mengolah bahan pangan lokal masih terbatas. Tujuan dari kajian ini yaitu 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan  membuat jajanan (snack) berbasis  bahan pangan lokal, 2) mengembangkan strategi pemasaran yang sesuai agar snack dari bahan pangan lokal dikenal dan diminati banyak konsumen. Guna mengatasi permasalahan tersebut diperlukan pelatihan pembuatan snack dari bahan pangan lokal (ubi jalar dan tepung mocaf) dan fasilitasi peralatan serta penyuluhan dan pendampingan dalam menerapkan strategi pemasaran.  Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pelatihan dan fisilitasi peralatan dapat meningkatkan ketrampilan dalam mengolah bahan pangan lokal dari  ubi jalar dan tepung mocaf menjadi berbagai kue dan roti.  Penerapan strategi pemasaran yang tepat dapat meningkatkan permintaan konsumen. Konsumen menjadi bertambah karena tampilan snack menarik, rasanya enak dan harganya tidak mahal.
PEMBERDAYAAN KADER POSYANDU BALITA KENANGA di BIDANG KESEHATAN GIGI dan MULUT
Authors: Arinawati Dian Yosi , Febria Nyka Dwi
Published: March 2021

Survei Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2018 menyebutkan sebanyak 57,6% masyarakat mempunyai masalah kesehatan gigi dan hanya 10,2% yang mendapatkan penanganan oleh tenaga medis. Posyandu merupakan program integrasi kegiatan pelayanan sosial dasar keluarga yang dibantu oleh tenaga kesehatan dalam aspek pemantauan tumbuh kembang anak. Pelaksanaan posyandu dilaksanakan secara kordinatif dan integratif disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan lokal atau situasional dengan mempertahankan aspek pemberdayaan masyarakat. Namun program pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang merupakan pondasi kesehatan dasar belum pernah dilaksanakan di posyandu. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat melalui pelatihan kader posyandu balita. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Posyandu Kenanga, berlokasi di dukuh Bandut Lor, desa Argorejo, Kecamatan Sedayu, Kabupaten Bantul, Provinsi Yogyakarta. Kegiatan pelatihan diikuti oleh 9 orang kader. Alur pengabdian dimulai dengan pelaksaan pretest untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dasar seputar kesehatan gigi dan mulut kader, presentasi materi kesehatan gigi dan mulut oleh tenaga kesehatan, dan diakhiri dengan postest.  Hasil pretes/postest menunjukkan adanya kenaikan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut walaupun tidak 100%. Dengan adanya pelatihan kesehatan dan gigi mulut kepada kader posyandu, diharapkan mampu menjadi garda terdepan dalam upaya edukasi kepada masyarakat terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut, mendeteksi dini adanya penyakit gigi dan mulut anak, serta mampu melakukan rujukan ke puskesmas.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT DALAM DETEKSI KANKER SERVIKS DAN PAYUDARA DI DESA RINGINHARJO
Authors: Dhiya An Alfun , Wahyuni Alfaina , Hayati Nur
Published: March 2021

Data Kesehatan Provinsi DIY tahun 2016 menunjukkan angka kejadian kanker serviks di Kota Yogyakarta sebanyak 341 kasus, Kabupaten Sleman sebanyak 962 kasus, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul sebanyak 105 kasus, Kabupaten Kulon Progo sebanyak 205 kasus, dan terbanyak di Kabupaten Bantul sebanyak 1.355 kasus. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan  mengenai Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks dan Payudara. Mitra kegiatan ini adalah Ibu-ibu kader di Desa Ringinharjo, Bantul. Dilaksanakan pada hari Minggu, 13 September 2020 yang dibagi menjadi dua sesi yaitu pada jam 08.30-10.30 dan jam 10.30-12.30. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah secara langsung kepada total 34 orang ibu-ibu kader dengan materi berupa pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks, kanker payudara, dan tumor organ reproduksi yang didahului dengan pretest dan posttest pada akhir kegiatan dalam bentuk kuesioner. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan tetap memperhatikan protokol kesehatan guna mencegah penyebaran covid-19. Selanjutnya hasil pretest tentang pengetahuan kanker serviks 71%, dan hasil rerata posttest 80% yang mana dari hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan sebanyak 9%. Sedangkan rerata pretest tentang pengetahuan kanker payudara 63%, dan hasil rerata posttest 76%. Sehingga dari hasil tersebut adanya peningkatan pengetahuan sebanyak 13%. Kegiatan ini diakhiri dengan pemeriksaan USG gratis untuk ibu-ibu kader yang hadir.
PERAN KADER MASYARAKAT DALAM PROGRAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH MANDIRI DI DESA KARANGSARI, SAPURAN, WONOSOBO
Authors: Widodo Aris Slamet
Published: March 2021

Desa Karangsari, Kecamatan Sapuran, Kabupaten Wonosobo telah mendeklarasikan diri sebagai desa wisata. Terkait dengan hal tersebut saat ini Desa Karangsari telah membuat program kebersihan lingkungan, khususnya pengelolaan sampah secara mandiri. Program pengabdian Desa Mitra yang dilaksanakan ini diharapkan mampu membantu masyarakat dalam menghadapi permasalahan sampah, sehingga tujuan pengabdian ini adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah mandiri dengan metode pengaderan di Desa Karangsari, Sapuran, Wonosobo. Proses pemberdayaan menggunakan metode Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dan solusi yang dilaksanakan adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengelolaan sampah (3R), pembentukan kader, dan penguatan kelembagaan, inisiasi rumah pilah sampah percontohan dan kampanye serta gerakan masyarakat. Kegiatan pendampingan dilaksanakan untuk mencapai perubahan perilaku masyarakat. Tahapan pelaksanaan program adalah: need assessment, penguatan dan komitmen, program dan monitoring, terakhir pelaporan. Hasil pengabdian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat Desa Karangsari dalam perubahan pengetahuan keterampilan, sikap dan perilaku dengan metode pendekatan kader dan tokoh masyarakat secara umum berhasil, yang dibuktikan dengan tingginya tingkat kehadiran masyarakat dan perangkat desa dalam tahap penyuluhan, sosialisasi, dan ditandatanginya surat komitmen oleh 387 warga dan seluruh dusun melaksanakan gerakan pemilahan sampah secara serentak. Metode penguatan kaderisasi terbukti mampu menggerakan masyarakat pada proses pemberdayaan masyarakat.
Prevalence and spectrum of dermatophytes in patients attending a tertiary care hospital Srinagar, Kashmir
Authors: Jahan Tabindah , Farhana Anjum , Kanth Farhat
Published: March 2021

Background: Dermatophyte infections are a global health problem but very neglected in Kashmir. India. This work aimed at determining prevalence and spectrum of dermatophytosis isolated from patients attending tertiary care hospital Srinagar. Kashmir.Methods: A total of 510 samples of skin, hair and nail scrapings were collected and processed using standard microscopy (KOH) and cultural methods as per the standard protocol.Results: Out of 510 samples collected, 272 (53.33%) patients were confirmed cases of dermatophytosis (confirmed clinically and on fungal culture). The prevalence of dermatophytosis was significantly associated with age groups of participants with higher infection among those aged 18-32 which accounted for 35.29%, followed by age group 1-17 with 30.14%. Out of 510 samples, 110 ( 21.56%) were both KOH (microscopy) and culture positive, 162 (31.76%) cases were only culture positive and 130 (25.49%) clinical samples were only positive for fungal elements on microscopy. 133 (26.07%) fungal isolates were obtained which included both dermatophyte and non-dermatophytic fungi(excluded in this study). T. mentagrophytes had highest distribution 40.44% among dermatophytes species and T. Unguium 114 (41.96%) accounted for most common site for dermatophytic infections. Poor hygiene was predominant risk factor in 143 cases (52.57%). Patients from lower socioeconomic status were affected more than others (34.92%).Conclusions: In this study we have focused to determine the prevalence, clinical pattern and pathogenic profile of dermatophytosis according to the age, gender, site, and fungal distribution. Improvization of these conditions more accurately can result in decreased incidence of dermatophytosis in this area.
Gender difference in age at onset of schizophrenia among inpatients: a descriptive cross-sectional clinical study
Authors: Joseph Mereeza , Valsan Neethi , Kunjubava Saibunnisa Beevi
Published: March 2021

Background: Emil Kraepelin many years ago had observed that there is late age at onset in women for schizophrenia compared to men. This finding has been replicated in later several studies too. But there are no such studies conducted in Kerala to our best knowledge. Thus it is relevant to evaluate gender difference in age at onset of schizophrenia in a hospital-based population in Central Kerala.Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional clinical study conducted at Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thissur, all schizophrenia patients consecutively admitted with sample size of 100 (50 males and 50 females) and diagnosis confirmed as per mini international neuropsychiatric interview English Version 5.0.0 (M. I. N. I. PLUS) were included. Semi structured questionnaire was used to collect data. To test the significance, Mann-Whitney U test was applied and correlation was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: Our study results shows that mean age at onset of psychotic symptoms, mean age at first contact with a health care provider, mean age at index hospitalization in male patients was approximately 5 years earlier than that of female patients.Conclusions: Our study results shows a gender difference in age at onset of schizophrenia, with males having an earlier age at onset and lower average age of first admission than females.
B-type natriuretic peptide levels and its correlation with left ventricular functions and heart failure in patients of acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Kumar Rajinder , Khujwal Muzaffar Majeed , Sharma Isha , Varma Amit
Published: March 2021

Background: This study was designed to measure levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) across entire spectrum of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to find its correlation with left ventricular functions and heart failure.Methods: We measured BNP levels at baseline in 100 consecutive patients between 24-96 hours after the onset of ischemic symptoms in patients of ACS. Echocardiography was performed in all patients between day 2-5 after the index diagnosis and stabilizing the patients.Results: The BNP levels were raised across the entire spectrum of ACS, with levels (>80 pg/ml) in 32.2% of patients with ST segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), in 24% with non-ST segment-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and in 16.6% with unstable angina (UA) respectively. High BNP levels were associated with greater increase in LV end-systolic volumes (r=+0.545, p<0.001) (LVESV) and end-diastolic volumes (LVEDV) (r=+0.336, p<0.001). There was a negative correlation between BNP levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (r=-0.394, p<0.002). BNP levels were significantly raised (156.0±45.1 vs 57.7±18.3 pg/ml, p<0.02) in patients developing symptomatic clinical heart failure, irrespective of LVEF ≤40%.Conclusions: Integrated use of echocardiography and BNP levels provide powerful incremental assessment of cardiac functions, clinical status, and outcome across the entire spectrum of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Increased BNP levels are associated with progressive ventricular dilatation, LV-dysfunction, development of clinical heart failure and is associated with poor prognosis in patients of ACS.
Spectrum of pigmented lesions of skin: a retrospective study in a tertiary health care of Southern Assam
Authors: Ahmed S. K. Abdullah , Ullah Sania Sultana , Bhuyan Karishma , Deka Monoj K. , Sheikh Shah Alam
Published: March 2021

Background: Pigmented lesions are one of the most common cause for dermatological consultation.  Most of them are benign, while a majority of them have malignant transformation and are called as melanoma. A careful histopathological interpretation by the pathologist is needed in the diagnosis and management of these lesions. Aims and objectives of the study were- 1. To study the spectrum of various pigmented skin lesions.  2.  To establish the correlation between the microscopic pathological findings of various skin lesions with the presenting clinical features.Methods: A 3-year study was conducted in the pathology department of tertiary care centre on all skin biopsy tissue which came as pigmented lesion. The entire skin biopsy is submitted for routine processing and embedded in paraffin wax. 3-5 mm thick paraffin sections of the skin biopsy are stained with H and E.Results: Out of 432 skin biopsies studied during this period, 58 cases were diagnosed as pigmented skin lesions. Of these, the biopsy tissue was inadequate in 5 cases while five cases presented with non-specific findings. Of the remaining cases, 15 were malignant and 33 were benign lesions. Only 18 of these were of melanocytic origin with 8 cases of malignant melanoma and 10 nevi. In the present study an analysis of the clinical diagnosis with the histopathological diagnosis revealed a positive correlation in 54% cases.Conclusions: A good clinical correlation and biopsy with histopathological diagnosis is necessary for the accurate diagnosis and definite treatment of patients with pigmented skin lesions.
Nutritional status in under five children and their associated risk factors in an urban slum of Mumbai
Authors: Chowdhury Aishani , Gupta Animesh
Published: March 2021

Background: Young children living in urban slums are at high risk for acute malnutrition and stunting. Many factors contribute towards it including living conditions, gender, delivery method, or access to nutrition. Malnutrition at a young age can cause morbidity and mortality, and impact further development and educational outcomes of children, and cause lifelong impairment. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of young children in an urban slum in Mumbai and the factors affecting the health of children.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in the slum community of Dharavi, Mumbai. Data was collected using pre-designed and pre-tested proforma by interview method.Results: The prevalence of wasting (W/H) was found in 48.9% of the population in this study, of which 25.0% had severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and 23.9% had moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). Stunting was found in 39.7% of the population, of which 29.5% were moderately stunted and 10.2% were severely stunted. Wasting was found to be highly correlated with the age of the child and the age of the mother, whereas Stunting was found to be highly correlated with the child, the age of the mother, and complementary feeding.Conclusions: Poor nutritional status of children in the urban slums in Mumbai needs to be addressed by improving education and awareness amid parents and access to Anganwadi, Balwadi, and nutritional supplements.
A clinicopathological study of gestational trophoblastic disease in a tertiary care centre of southern Assam
Authors: Thakuria Sailendra K. , Deka Monoj K. , Sheikh Shah A.
Published: March 2021

Background: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) covers a wide spectrum of benign and malignant conditions that arise from pregnancies with abnormal trophoblastic tissue development. It is a source of significant morbidity as well as increased risk of mortality from their complications if not identified and treated early enough. Our study aimed at the various clinicopathological features of GTDs along with their prevalence in a tertiary care centre.Methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019. All GTD cases were retrieved from department registries and analysed.Results: Out of 60 diagnosed cases of GTDs, 57 cases (95%) were Hydatiform mole. Invasive mole and choriocarcinoma were 2 cases (3%) and 1 cases (2%) respectively. Age ranged from 18-37 years. The most commonly affected age group was 20-25 years with 33 cases (55%). Most cases were presented in the first trimester presenting with bleeding per vagina. The majority of GTD cases belonged to blood group A and 50,000-<1,00,000 mlU/mL beta HCG level.Conclusions: Histopathological examination is helpful for confirmation of diagnosis.It is very important to follow up of such patients for early diagnosis of malignant trophoblastic tumors.
An unusual origin of liposarcoma in an elderly man: a case report
Authors: Tseng Chin-Lun , Wang Jui-Ho
Published: March 2021

Liposarcoma is a type of cancer with mesenchymal origin in which the bulk of tumor differentiates into adipose tissue. Liposarcoma can be found in any part of the body with fat cells, but most cases occur in the muscles of the limbs or in the retroperitoneum. Here we report a case of an elderly man with an uncommon origin of liposarcoma. A 76-year-old man presented to hospital with gastrointestinal symptoms and a palpable mass over lower abdomen. Abdominal computer tomography revealed colonic tumor with another huge intraperitoneal mass, looks like originated from mesentery of small intestine. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy. During operation, despite colon cancer, a 17cm mass, originated from distal ileum mesentery was noted. The specimen histopathology of the tumor resection showed well-differentiated liposarcoma with prominent myxoid stroma. Finally, the patient was discharged on the tenth postoperative day. Most of liposarcomas origin from the extremities, retroperitoneum and inguinal region. However, we have chance to find liposarcomas everywhere in our body. In our case, it was a liposarcoma derived from mesentery of small intestine and it had few reports before.
Inguinal hernia in a female with broad ligament cyst as content
Authors: Chinnappan Arul K. , Swaminathan Shanthi P. , Kawarat Vikas , Mani Rajeswari , Anandakannan Indrajit , Lalithkumar Anusha , R. Kannan
Published: March 2021

Inguinal hernia in females is relatively uncommon as compared to males. It is interesting to note that 1 male in 5 and 1 female in 50 will eventually develop an inguinal hernia in a lifetime. The hernia sac may contain unusual structures such as the vermiform appendix, acute appendicitis, ovary, fallopian tube and, urinary bladder. Here we present a case of 20-year-old female presented with complaints of swelling in the right inguinal region. Diagnosed as a case of right inguinal hernia with Broad ligament cyst as content. Managed by laparoscopic excision of cyst and then right Lichtenstein repair for inguinal hernia.
A rare case of intestinal obstruction caused by internal hernia through post hysterectomy peritoneal defect
Authors: Murugesan Ravi Kumar Sabu , Ross Kannan , Prabakar Joyce
Published: March 2021

Internal hernia is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Nowadays acquired internal hernias are in increasing trends due to increased surgical procedures thus iatrogenic causes surpassing congenital internal hernias. Internal hernias after hysterectomy due to peritoneal defect is extremely rare. Here we present a case of 67 years old female status post hysterectomy ten years back, also a known type 2 diabetic presented to the emergency department with features suggestive of intestinal obstruction. Patient was taken up for emergency laparotomy and intra operative findings revealed small bowel loops herniating in a cavity that is formed by bladder anteriorly, caecum and sigmoid colon laterally and rectum posteriorly. Bowel loops were released. The bowel was found to be viable and the defect was closed. Bowel movements resumed on the third post-operative day. This case is presented here as it is an extremely rare case of internal hernia causing small bowel obstruction.
Sudden Stops, Sovereign Risk, and Fiscal Rules
Authors: Gomez-Gonzalez Jose E. , Valencia Oscar , Sánchez Gustavo
Published: March 2021

This paper studies the effect of implementing fiscal rules on sovereign default risk and on the probability of large capital ow reversals for a large sample of countries including both developed and emerging market economies. Results indicate that fiscal rules are beneficial for macroeconomic stability, as they significantly reduce both sovereign risk perception and the probability of a sudden stop in countries that implement them. These results, which are robust to various empirical specifications, have important policy implications specially for countries that have relaxed their fiscal rules in response to the Covid-19 pandemic.
Clinical characteristics of progressive nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors:   Neuro Ophthalmology Unit, Ophthalmology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel, Bialer Omer Y.
Published: March 2021

AIM: To study whether patients with progressive nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) present earlier than patients with stable NAION and to describe their clinical characteristics and visual outcome.
METHODS: This was a retrospective chart review. All patients with NAION seen during the acute stage from January 2012 to December 2018 were reviewed. Patients were included if they had documented disc edema and follow up of at least 3mo. Patients with progressive NAION were identified if they worsened in 2 out of 3 parameters: visual acuity ≥3 Snellen lines; Color vision ≥4 Ishihara plates; the visual field defect involved a new quadrant. The clinical characteristics, time from symptom onset to presentation, systemic risk factors and visual outcome were compared to patients with stable NAION.
RESULTS: Totally 122 NAION cases met the inclusion criteria. Mean age was 58.1y (range 22-74), 70% were men. Twenty cases (16.4%) had progressive NAION. Patients with progressive NAION did not differ from stable NAION in their demographics, systemic risk factors or in their initial visual deficit. At last follow up, median visual acuity was 1.0 logMAR (IQR 0.64-1.55) in patients with progressive NAION, vs 0.18 (IQR 0.1-0.63) in stable NAION (P<0.001). Median color vision testing was 0 plates correct (IQR 0-2.5%) vs 92% plates correct (IQR 50%-100%) in the stable NAION group (P<0.001). Patients with progressive NAION differed in the time from symptom onset to presentation (median 2d vs 5d, P=0.011).
CONCLUSION: We find no identifiable risk factors associated with progressive NAION. Progressors arrive earlier for ophthalmological evaluation.
Intervenção educativa em pacientes com asma: um estudo de revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Letícia Maria da , Tomaz Renata Ramos
Published: March 2021

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by hyperresponsiveness of the lower airways and variable limitation to airflow. Currently asthma is the most prevalent chronic pathology, affecting about 300 million people worldwide.The research aimed to identify the effects of educational interventions on individuals with asthma, and observe evidence of these interventions in the control and management of the disease.This is an integrative review study of a descriptive quantitative approach. 86 articles were located in the two crossings and after applying the inclusion criteria, 16 studies were part of this study.We found that knowledge about asthma is of fundamental importance, because it acts directly in the control and management of the disease; the care for the disease should encompass patients and their families, so that all of them can have adequate and satisfactory knowledge about the disease.
El país autosostenible que se vende a un mundo globalizado
Authors: Gutiérrez Sierra Laura Fernanda
Published: March 2021

En el siguiente texto se encuentra una reflexión corta en torno a aspectos que deberían tenerse en cuenta en la manufactura de productos hechos en Colombia, destacando la diversidad característica del país y el aprovechamiento de sus recursos naturales sin abusar de ellos. Se expone un cambio de mentalidad que debe implementarse en Colombia y cómo esto aportaría a la formación de pequeñas empresas que a su vez contribuirían al desarrollo del mismo basándose en diferentes autores que promueven la humanidad sobre los intereses económicos y de globalización. Se habla de las posibilidades de Colombia de ser auto sostenible y creativa frente a sus necesidades y las del mundo
Competencias transversales en la formación de los profesionales médicos. Una revisión
Authors: Sierra Ariza Sandra Patricia , Lancheros Bernal Angélica Rocío
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo discute el proceso de formación del profesional médico en Colombia y sus posibles estrategias de enseñanza y tiene como fin problematizar el documento de política pública Perfiles y competencias profesionales de la salud, elaborado por el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social y la Academia Nacional de Medicina a través de la selección de las competencias que correspondían con la relación social y la comunicación, propias de la atención médica: reconocimiento del contexto y relaciones interpersonales. Para esto se hizo una revisión documental a través de la búsqueda, selección y análisis de artículos académicos que trabajaran las posibles estrategias de enseñanza de las competencias mencionadas. Como conclusiones destacan la reflexión permanente que se ha hecho sobre el tema, así como la urgencia de trascender de la formación biológica hacia una formación más integral; no obstante, son pocas las reflexiones que concretan propuestas específicas de cómo lograrlo. De igual manera, existe un vacío sobre la definición y los alcances del concepto de integralidad y una falta de consenso en la forma de llamar aquellas competencias que le apuntan a esta.
Análisis del capital natural del Páramo de Chontales (Sotaquirá) a partir de los Servicios Ecosistémicos y Servicios Ambientales: Una aproximación a la planificación ambiental del territorio
Authors: Cifuentes Guerrero Alejandra , Contreras Diana Gabriela , Fernández Almanza Libardo , Medina Rodríguez Natalia , Ubaque Mozo Nelson Alejandro
Published: March 2021

a planificación y ordenamiento del territorio debe estar enmarcada en lograr la sostenibilidad ambiental, en donde además de garantizar la prestación de Servicios Ecosistémicos (SE), se consideren los valores de la biodiversidad como factores esenciales para hacer frente a los desafíos globales como el cambio climático y el agotamiento de los recursos naturales. Este artículo propone una diferenciación entre los Servicios Ecosistémicos (SE) y los Servicios Ambientales (SA), teniendo en cuenta que los primeros corresponden a las funciones biológicas, físicas y químicas dentro de los ecosistemas que sostienen la vida y el bienestar del ser humano [10];y los segundos, se refieren a un bien o servicio ecosistémico que primero debe pasar por algún proceso que requiere capital humano para su generación y disponibilidad para el ser humano [4]. La investigación tuvo como objetivo elaborar una propuesta de planificación ambiental para el Páramo de Chontales, a partir del análisis de los servicios ecosistémicos y ambientales que presta este ecosistema. El estudio buscó identificar el estado de salud de su Estructura Ecológica Principal (EEP); las presiones que se ejercen sobre sus componentes; las formas de apropiación cultural del territorio y los Servicios Ambientales y Ecosistémicos que presta el Páramo de Chontales. Para lograr lo anterior, se realizó una visita de campo y se aplicaron diferentes metodologías, tales como: análisis de funciones y servicios ecosistémicos propuesto por Groot 2006; evaluación de fuerzas motrices a partir del método DPIRS -Fuerzas Motrices (D), Presiones (P), Impacto (I), Respuesta (R)--; análisis de sensibilidad, que relaciona información de los elementos del ecosistema con sus funciones, capacidad de resiliencia y conectividad y un análisis de actores, a partir de matrices de relación basadas en la ruta metodológica para el tratamiento de conflictos ambientales propuesta por el Ministerio de Ambiente, y Desarrollo Sostenible (2002). Los resultados muestran que este ecosistema cuenta con un alto capital natural que puede ser analizado desde el punto de vista de pago por servicios Ecosistémicos como una alternativa de planificación sostenible del territorio, que involucre: una gestión ambiental, en donde se respeten las territorialidades que en él se presentan, se garantice que la demanda ambiental se mantenga; que las actividades desarrolladas por los actores sociales giren en torno a la conservación del territorio y que se estructuren lineamientos que controlen las presiones que se ejercen sobre el medio natural, a partir del involucramiento de la comunidad en el proceso de toma de decisiones.
Development of an Exposure Vulnerability Index Map Using GIS Modeling for Preliminary Seismic Risk Assessment in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Sauti Noor Suhaiza , Daud Mohd Effendi , Kaamin Masiri , Sahat Suhaila
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted with a view to updating the management of earthquakes through an exposure vulnerability and potential seismic risk assessment, along with its application in Sabah (a state in East Malaysia). A set of indicators and methodologies has been proposed in this study with the goal of evaluating the level of exposure vulnerability and potential risk of certain locations to earthquake events at the local district scale. This study specifically involves the development of exposure vulnerability indicators; the statistical analysis method to standardize multivariate data together with a weight calculation of indicator variables; and a mathematical combination of different indicators for the development of the index map using the spatial analysis function of Geographical Information System (GIS) tools. Then, the derived exposure vulnerability index (EVI) map is overlaid with the seismic hazard in determining the geographical location of the most vulnerable areas and their exposure to seismic hazard events. As a result, and based on the available data, the exposure vulnerability index map shows that most districts in Sabah are at relatively low and moderate levels of risk except for a few districts, with several major cities in Sabah, such as Kota Kinabalu, Penampang, Sandakan and Tawau municipality, being situated at a high or very high exposure index. The combination of EVI maps and hazard maps indicate the dominance of the two factors influencing the potential level of earthquake risk. Studies reveal most of the southwest and central parts of the region are not at risk, as both exposure and hazard factors are at a low level. The proposed approach depicts an instrument for identifying cost-effective risk reduction initiatives by providing a scientific method for regional risk planning and management strategies. This research represents the first attempt to evaluate Sabah’s vulnerability to this type of natural disaster by understanding the spatial relationship between exposure vulnerability and earthquake hazard, which undoubtedly could be improved in several aspects.
The Effect of Addition of ZnO to Granite Body on Sintering and Mechanical Properties
Authors: ELMAS Savaş
Published: March 2021

In granite body, 1-3-5 wt% ZnO was replaced instead of feldspar and fired in an industrial continuous production kiln. Physical properties of the tiles were determined including dried strength, fired strength, water absorption, fired loss, and colorimeter values. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) measurements for distinctive microstructural changes and phases formed were done. The fired strength values of the standard and 3% ZnO added body are 399.94kg/cm2, 510.50 kg / cm2, respectively. Water absorption and firing shrinkage values are close to each other. In the analysis of the sample with 3% added ZnO with XRD, it was observed that the solubility of quartz was increased, mullite formation was prevented; besides 27.4 wt.% spinel phase and 13.8 wt.% albite formation was observed.
Adhesive Behavior of the Pack-Borided AISI 304L Steel with Microwave Hybrid Heating
Authors: ARSLAN Dilek , UZUN Recep Onur
Published: March 2021

Pack-boriding was applied to AISI 304L stainless steel material at temperatures of 850, 900 and 950 °C for 2, 4 and 6 hours with microwave hybrid heating method. The morphology of the boride layer formed on the surface of the samples was examined by optical microscope, and the phases formed in the layer were determined by XRD. The analysis of the adhesive strength of the boride layer to the substrate material was carried out by the Daimler-Benz Rockwell-C adhesion test. The tests were repeated at least 3 times for each of the pack-borided samples at all process temperatures and times. After the adhesion tests, macro and SEM images of indentation traces were taken. By analysing the indentation craters, it has been determined whether the damages are acceptable or not with reference to the VDI 3198 standard. The indentation craters formed on the pack-borided AISI 304L stainless steel sample surfaces at 850 °C with microwave hybrid heating method in all process times, for 2 and 4 hours at 900 °C, and 2 hours at 950 °C have the best adhesion quality in the HF1 category of the VDI 3198 norm.
Sociological measurement of the effectiveness of state national policy in the Russian region: Theory and practice
Authors:   Saratov State University, Ivchenkov Sergey G. , Nikiforov Yaroslav A. ,   Saratov State University, Romanovskaya Olga A. ,   Saratov State University, Sitnikova Svetlana V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to measuring the effectiveness of the state national policy in Saratov region by means of using sociological methods and practices. The most commonly used method of obtaining social information in such studies was the combination of quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (expert survey) methods. The study revealed a number of trends in the development of the ethno-confessional situation in Saratov region. The results of the mass survey indicate a low and increasingly declining level of both national and religious conflicts in Saratov region. One of the indicators of religious and national tolerance is the characterization of emotional expression towards the representatives of different beliefs and nationalities. The analysis of these data confirms the above-described trends. A general assessment of the dynamics of interethnic relations in Saratov region also allows to speak about stability. The survey of experts made it possible to more thoroughly analyze the state of ethno-confessional relations and state national policy in this field. The significant differences in the general assessments of inter-ethnic relations in the regional context, public organizations and authorities in the field of the implementation of ethno-confessional policy between the respondents-representatives of authorities and the respondents-representatives of public organizations and the scientific community were revealed. The fundamental agreement was achieved on the current state of interethnic relations in Saratov region regarding the ethno-political situation on the part of the state authorities. The modern ethnopolitical situation is assessed as a stable and relatively calm one.
The relationship between humor and burnout among preschool teachers
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Perevozkin Sergei B. , Perevozkina Yulia M. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2021

The article examines the specifics of manifesting a sense of humor and emotional burnout among the preschool teachers. Particular attention is paid to the fact that manifesting the sense of humor can influence the prevention of professional deformations among teachers. The relevance of the research problem is conditioned: firstly, by insufficient studying the relationship between the sense of humor and the emotional burnout syndrome among preschool teachers; secondly by its ambiguity. Two opposing points of view on the interaction of burnout and professional deformation are presented. A number of researchers’ results reflect a negative relationship between a sense of humor and professional deformation. At the same time there is a number of directly opposed studies showing the positive effect of humor on preventing emotional burnout. The use of correlation analysis (Spearman’s r-test) showed both negative and positive statistically significant relationships between humor styles and attitudes towards humor and phases of burnout (p < 0.05). The obtained results allowed formulating a number of conclusions regarding the fact that the relationship has a differentiated nature consisting of the positive impact of the affiliate style on emotional burnout, as well as negative manifesting of humor associated with aggressive style and the fear of looking funny which are less protective against emotional burnout.
Children and parents in the information space: Interaction, risks and safety strategies
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Yanak Alina L.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the author’s research: focus groups with parents of children gadget users with access to the Internet (n = 6), the questionnaire survey among adolescents (n = 303) and parents (n = 326) about media consumption, and information security legislation. The new trends and risks in the development of modern child-parent relationships: gadget and Internet addiction, conflicts, decreasing parental control and authority, alternative interaction forms, dangerous content and the consequences of its consumption were identified. The research objectives are to identify the main areas and problems of interaction between parents and children with IT-technology products, zones and consequences of media influence on the parent-child relations and classification of strategies for the Internet safety of children. As a result, the main types of strategies for prevention and liquidation online risks: external (institutional) and internal (intrafamily, intrapersonal), restricting, training and replacing are typologized and presented.
Technologies of youth political culture formation in modern Russia
Authors:   Saratov State University, Bogdanov Artem V.
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the essential content of the category “technology”, highlights the main approaches to its semantic content, and identifies its key characteristics. The paper substantiates possibility of using technologies to form political culture of young people. Technologies that influence both the formation of youth culture in general and political culture in particular are highlighted; technologies that manifest themselves within the analysis of youth political culture and correlate with the structure of the main institutions that influence the construction of political culture are also considered.
Political and legal bases for the functioning of the institute of national-cultural autonomy in the context of the national security strategy of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Trukhanov Victor A.
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the problems of legislation in the sphere of functioning of national and cultural autonomies that affect politics both on regional and federal levels. The author notes the need to reform the legal framework for the functioning of national and cultural autonomies in the context of the national security Strategy of Russia.
DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS: INTERNATIONAL APPROACHES TO REGULATION AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON RUSSIAN LAW
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Private International and Civil Law of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MGIMO University) Member of the European Artificial Intelligence Alliance Advisor to Director of the Department of the National Payment System of the Bank of Russia PhD (Law), PhD (Economics), Shamraev Andrey V.
Published: March 2021

This paper reviews the international approaches to regulation of digital financial assets and their influence on the Federal law of July 31, 2020 No. 259-FZ “On digital financial assets, digital currency and about modification of separate acts of the Russian Federation” (further — the Law on DFA).
Procedural Mistakes of a Judicial Motor Technical Examination and Physical Evidence: The Link and Probable Consequences in Court
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Construction Machinery and Engineering Mechanics of the Voronezh State Technical University PhD (Engineering), Associate Professor, Tarasov Evgeniy A.
Published: March 2021

This article contains examples of procedural errors in expert actions, practical nuances that can affect the quality and results of the examination, the subtleties of preparation for the study in terms of interaction between the bodies of inquiry, investigation and court with experts. Procedural errors in the implementation of expert judicial research of materials presented as material evidence may have different origins — from the technical features of the examination and the level of expertise of the expert to external reasons caused by the imperfection of the system of interaction between investigative and expert units. The author is interested in the aspect of a broad topic — the impact of expert activity on the likelihood of investigative and judicial errors and the possibility of codification of certain provisions and changes in legislation, allowing to adjust the powers of experts in a specific, unambiguously interpreted framework. Typical examples of procedural expert errors are given.
The Improvement of the Procedure for the Distribution of Cases at the Direction of Interrogation, Investigation and Court Authorities in the Digital Reality Conditions
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Criminal Procedure Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL) Attorney, Nabatov Mikhail B.
Published: March 2021

The article justifies the need for further improvement of the system of distribution of cases by appointment of bodies of investigation and court, digitalization of these processes and the creation of procedural guarantees; in this regard, the experience of regional chambers of lawyers was analyzed, formulated some proposals for further improvement of the system of distribution of cases and criminal procedure legislation.
Rodziny z bezradnością opiekuńczo-wychowawczą – wsparcie społeczne a procesy wykluczenia i inkluzji w świetle badań nad społecznym konstruowaniem problemu bezradności opiekuńczo-wychowawczej
Authors: Kudlińska Iwona
Published: March 2021

The article examined the relationship between social support and parental upbringing inefficiency in the context of social exclusion and inclusion. In the paper, I explained ways of defining and discourses on parental upbringing inefficiency (situation when, for various reasons, parents have difficulties with fulfilling their functions, they are unable or do not want to take care of their children properly as well as when they are unable to cope with behaviour issues concerning their children). Then I described qualities, rules and ways of family and child social support. Furthermore, findings of original social research were presented. In-depth interviews (conducted with workers of social welfare and child care institutions) were analyzed according to crucial analytical categories: institutional actions – forms, rules and effectiveness of institutional support – taken with reference to parental helplessness (towards parents and towards children) and social exclusion.