bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perception and attitudes of students about politically correct speech: A case study from the spectrum of diversity education
Authors: Müller Mirela , Višić Maroje , Kovač Mirjana Matea
Published: September 2023

Politically correct behavior implies the use of language and the right linguistic action. Therefore, language affects the human thought process, which determines the perception of reality and the individual’s actions. These measures of language that reform and sensitize people to justice and inclusion have raised many research questions. At the linguistic level, the concept aims to exclude any discriminatory use of language from discourse. From a sociological aspect, political correctness implies that speech that does not lead to discrimination and does not destroy a person’s identity. While, on the other methodological side, political correctness still implies the renewal of the culture of learning, that is, the redefinition of the educational paradigm. The paper aims to examine the perception of students of different fields of study about political correctness in the language and to compare the obtained data to raise awareness of the importance of using political correctness. 68 students of the Humanities and Social Sciences at Split and Libertas International University participated in the research. The work is based on the hypothesis that there are significant statistical differences in individual opinions regarding the direction of the study. Research has shown that more students of International Relations and International Business are warned about political correctness in the language because it is related to their profession, as opposed to the students in Split who study German language and literature. This was to be assumed, considering the different goals of the outcomes of the mentioned studies. The paper can be a guide for future similar research on a larger population, as well as a form for raising awareness of the importance of the concept of diversity and its implementation in higher education.
The Effect of Atlantic and Monsoon Variability on a Neolithic site in Upper Mesopotamia
Authors: Acar Zahide , Sarıaltun Savaş
Published: September 2023

In this study, stable isotope analyses of calcium carbonate soil samples detected in Neolithic fillings at Sumaki Höyük were performed to determine the causality of climate variability. Approximately 2000-year cycles have been 9000-8000, 6000-5000, 4200-3800, 3500-2500, 1200-1000, and 600-150 years BP, with a current total of six occurrences which are called Rapid Climate Change (RCC). Additionally, since the beginning of the early Holocene, at least eleven similar events with much more effective and rapid climatic changes, such as the 10.2, 9.2, and 8.2 ka events, have been defined. The most discussed climate change event in the Holocene occurred 8200 years ago, known as the 8.2 ka event. There are variations in dating among many studies concerning the 8.2 ka event. While numerous studies have focused on the impact of the 8.2 ka event on Neolithic cultural changes, "collapse," and migration phenomena, the potential impact of the 9.2 ka event on culture has been rarely explored. The focus is on determining the global and local events of the climatic changes in Northern Mesopotamia in the period between 9.2 and 8.2 ka. The global climate data were analysed separately with data from various areas and in each phase, the scale representing the Neolithic period at Sumaki Höyük and macro-micro factors were discussed. It was therefore attempted to interpret the presence or effects of the Monsoon and Atlantic interactions on Neolithic climatic anomalies of the Sumaki Höyük settlement. As a result, the causality of the settlement and its abandonment, along with changes in the settlement strategy, were interpreted.
Datos de precipitación en Ecuador y la Ley de Newcomb-Benford
Authors: Ortega Paul Jara
Published: September 2023

La Ley de Newcomb-Benford (LNB) principalmente se aplica para la detección de datos falsos o erróneos. Existen estudios donde demuestran que datos de precipitación se ajustan a esta ley. En el presente trabajo se trata de conocer si los datos de precipitación mensual en Ecuador se ajustan o no a la distribución de la LNB. Se utilizó 26025 datos de precipitación mensual, provenientes de 411 estaciones meteorológicas del INAMHI, de Ecuador. Con un α = 0,05, se aplicó Chi-Cuadrado de Bondad de ajuste, obteniendo un p = 1,000. Como el p-valor es mayor al valor α, se aceptó la H 0 : Los datos de precipitación se ajustan a la distribución de la LNB.
Dental Waste - Management and Statistics
Authors: Myszograj Martyna
Published: September 2023

Waste management is a crucial issue in the contemporary world, playing a significant role in the fight against environmental problems. Inadequate waste management leads to the pollution of air, water, and soil with toxic and harmful substances and to the emission of greenhouse gases, thereby contributing to climate change, the reduction of biodiversity, and the destruction of ecosystems, as well as to the emergence of diseases and allergies in animals. The management of waste is primarily determined by its type and source, with recycling, incineration, and landfilling being the most common methods. The healthcare sector, with limited opportunities for waste reduction, has its own unique approach to waste management. In particular, dental waste presents a considerable environmental risk due to the hazardous and toxic substances it contains. A prime example of such substances is mercury (Hg), a toxic and bioaccumulative metal that was commonly used in dental amalgam for over a century. With the available statistical data, it is possible to recognize that dentistry can pose a serious threat to the environment, and steps can be taken to control and reduce the production of toxic waste and its potential impact on the environment.
Ant with Artificial Bee Colony Techniques in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks
Authors: C.Kumuthini  , N.Thangarasu  , K.Kavitha  , K.Gomathy
Published: September 2023

A VANET faces many problems due to dynamic changing of networks with certain requirements such as low delay, high (PDR) packet delivery ratio, low routing overhead and throughput. However, numerous routing protocols have been suggested to meet the demands of Quality of Service (QoS), but none of them can consistently maintain the highest level of QoS simultaneously. The proposed method Ant with Artificial Bee Colony Techniques provides better performance when compared to the existing techniques. This work is compared with latest developed Techniques in VANET to find the best path and different performance metrics are used to check the performance. This work premeditated the comparative analysis of Quality of services made by the performance of latest emerging techniques in VANET and will provide the best solution for the recognition problem in finding the best path based on the evaluation of performance of Quality of Service. Simulation results imply the benefits of the proposed Ant with Artificial Bee Colony Techniques (AABC) produces better result when compare to the other conventional method and Ant Colony Techniques(ACT)in terms of high packet delivery ratio, less end-to-end delay and less energy consumption level. The performance is evaluated by using Ns2 simulator and results shows that the AABC successfully achieve the optimal routes.
Overview of Major Classes of Plant-Derived Anticancer Drugs
Authors:   Department of Biology, UAE University, U.A.E., Amin Amr , Gali-Muhtasib Hala ,   Department of Biology, American University Beirut, Lebanon, Ocker Matthias ,   Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany, Schneider-Stock Regine ,   Experimental Tumorpathology, Department of Pathology, University Erlangen, Universitatsstr. 22, Erlangen, Germany
Published: September 2023

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Conventional cancer therapies cause serious side effects and, at best, merely extend the patient's lifespan by a few years. Cancer control may therefore benefit from the potential that resides in alternative therapies. The demand to utilize alternative concepts or approaches to the treatment of cancer is therefore escalating. There is compelling evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies that highlight the importance of compounds derived from plants "phytochemicals" to reduce the risk of colon cancer and inhibit the development and spread of tumors in experimental animals. More than 25% of drugs used during the last 20 years are directly derived from plants, while the other 25% are chemically altered natural products. Still, only 5-15% of the approximately 250,000 higher plants have ever been investigated for bioactive compounds. The advantage of using such compounds for cancer treatment is their relatively non-toxic nature and availability in an ingestive form. An ideal phytochemical is one that possesses anti-tumor properties with minimal toxicity and has a defined mechanism of action. As compounds that target specific signaling pathways are identified, researchers can envisage novel therapeutic approaches as well as a better understanding of the pathways involved in disease progression. Here, we focus on 4 classes of natural anticancer drugs: methyltransferase inhibitors, DNA damaging/pro-oxidant drugs, HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), and mitotic disrupters, and we will focus on the mode of action for one promising example per group.
Factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-24 months in the Cileungsi area
Authors: Murtiningsih Murtiningsih , Fitriani Lia , Putri Desty Ayu Pratama
Published: September 2023

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by a lack of nutritional intake over a long period of time, resulting in growth disorders, namely short children. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 6-24 months in Cileungsi area. This method of research is a correlational study with a cross sectional approach. Sampling was carried out using non-probability sampling using total sampling. The sample in this study was 50 respondents in the Cileungsi area, namely mothers with toddlers aged 6-24 months who were willing to be respondents. Data was collected using interviews and height observations. The results showed that 56% of children aged 6-24 months experienced stunting (28 children), 3% (6 children) had low birth weight history, 14% (7 mothers) had hemoglobin levels during pregnancy is anemia, 56% did not receive exclusive breastfeeding (28 children). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that exclusive breastfeeding was the variable that had the significant relationship with the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-24 months in the Cileungsi area (p value = 0.000). Recommendations it is hoped that volunteer will always provide motivation, enthusiasm, education, and conduct home visits to the community regarding the importance of exclusive breastfeeding.
Learning Experience Design as an Orienting Guide for Practice: Insights From Designing for Expertise
Authors: McDonald Jason , Westerberg Tyler
Published: September 2023

In this paper we consider how learning experience design (LXD) improves designers’ capacities to influence learning. We do this by exploring what LXD offers the design of learning environments that help develop learners’ expertise. We discuss how LXD (a) attunes designers to different learning affordances than are emphasized in traditional ID; (b) challenges the universal applicability of common ID techniques; and (c) expands designers’ views of the outcomes for which they can design. These insights suggest that LXD is useful because it refocuses and reframes designers' work around flexible design approaches that are often deemphasized in traditional ID.
Designing Rational and Emotional Learning Experiences via the Learning Experience Canvas (LXC)
Authors: Honebein Peter , Reigeluth Charles
Published: September 2023

When designing learning experiences, instructional designers should engage learners with designs that balance rational and emotional experiences. The Learning Experience Canvas (LXC) is a process model that designers can use individually, with a team, and/or with stakeholders to gather and document learning experience design ideas. The designer can then turn those rational and emotional ideas into one or more “fuzzy visions,” which is a designer’s preliminary vision of the instructional content, methods, media, and sequencing that learners might experience. The LXC aims to deliver a learning experience high in effectiveness, efficiency, and appeal.
Learning LXD Through LXD: Applying Conceição and Howles' Framework for Designing Online Learning Experiences
Authors: Corbeil Joseph , Corbeil Maria
Published: September 2023

Learning experience design (LXD) builds upon instructional design by incorporating user experience design, user-centered design, and design thinking. While instructional design focuses on creating instruction that meet specific learning objectives, LXD takes a more holistic approach by considering learners' needs, goals, and motivations to create engaging e-courses. Despite e-learning's growing popularity, many online courses employ outdated approaches and technologies that fail to engage modern learners. Using a cognitive apprenticeship approach and Conceição and Howles’ (2021) Integrated Framework for Designing the Online Learning Experience, this design case chronicles the redesign of an online course whereby faculty and students experience LXD through LXD.
Using Learning Experience Design (LXD) to Promote Decreasing Stigma in Creating a Video Series about Syringe Services Programs (SSP)
Authors: Sims Katarzyna , Wegener Maximilian , Nichols Lisa , Villanueva Merceditas
Published: September 2023

Despite being a vital resource for persons who inject drugs (PWID), syringe services programs (SSPs) often face stigma from the general community and medical profession. To de-stigmatize and illustrate the collaborative practices of SSPs, the authors collaborated with three syringe services programs across Connecticut to create an animated video series called “Syringe Services Programs: Community Building, Testing, and Stigma.” This design case describes how the aspects of the learning experience design (LXD) were used to create the animated videos. In addition, the authors discuss how the theory of intersectionality was used to inform the video design.
Exploring the Relationship Between Usability and Cognitive Load in Data Science Education
Authors: Tawfik Andrew , Payne Linda , Olney Andrew , Ketter Heather
Published: September 2023

This study explores how an aspect of learning experience design (usability) correlated with the learning process as individuals engaged in block coding. Although there were no differences when scaffolded with blocks or no blocks coding condition, the study found weak to moderate correlations with usability and factors of cognitive load (intrinsic, germane, extraneous). Whereas learning experience design literature is often approached from an evaluation perspective, the empirical data suggests learning experience design may be correlated with in situ elements of learning.
المانع وأثره على العقوبة في الشريعة الإسلامية
Authors: معتوق أحمد علي
Published: September 2023

هدف البحث إلى معرفة المانع وأثره على العقوبة في الشريعة الإسلامية واستخدم لتحقيق ذلك المنهج الاستنباطي ومن أهم نتائجه أن الحاكم يعفو عن الجاني من العقاب عن المعصية أو الجريمة التي ارتكبها بسبب المانع الذى توافر لديه، وأنه لا يتدخل في وجود هذا المانع، ولا في إلغائه أو تعديله، بل مهمته تقتصر على منع تطبيق العقوبة على هذا الجاني الذي لحقه المانع، وأن المانع لا يعفي الجاني من الضمان لأموال الغير، وأنه لا يتوافر لدى جميع أفراد المجتمع، بل يتوافر لدى بعض الأفراد، وتوافره يكون خارجاً عن إرادتهم في معظم الأحيان، وأنه يسقط العقوبتين الدنيوية والأخروية، وأن الجاني يكون مسؤولاً عن جميع تصرفاته وأقواله إذا ارتكبها بعد انتهاء المانع، وأن الجناة لا يستفيدون إذا كانوا مجموعة من المانع الموجود لدى أحد منهم في ارتكاب الجرائم، فيعفى عن من توافر فيه المانع، ويعاقب من لم يتوافر فيه
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Landspitali's Operating Room and Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Sesselja Gylfadottir Audur , Hallgrimsdottir Vigdis , Moller Edvald
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, one of the most serious public health hazards of recent times, led to a high number of hospitalisations. The pressure on intensive care units has been significant. In many countries, including Iceland, there was a need to increase the capacity of these units to meet the growing demand for intensive care spaces, especially at the start of the pandemic. At Landspitali, the National University Hospital of Iceland (hereafter referred to as Landspitali), increasing unit capacity was a large-scale and extensive project where project management methodologies were utilised to assess risks and develop response plans. Using information gathered from interviews, this study explores the experience of managers in Landspitali’s surgical and intensive care unit in preparing for the pandemic and their evaluations of the project\'s success. The interviews were conducted in the autumn of 2020 after the first wave of the pandemic had passed in Iceland. The study utilised a qualitative methodology. Eight managers from Landspitali’s surgical and intensive care unit participated in semi-structured interviews. The study employs thematic analysis to analyse the findings. The data analysis reveals four themes. The first theme, ‘dealing with the unknown’, illustrates the uncertainty that was prevalent at the beginning of the pandemic. The second, ‘one step ahead’, reveals how the managers utilised resources both within and outside the hospital to prepare the intensive care unit for COVID-19 patients. The third theme, ‘fighting the virus’, highlights the challenges the managers encountered throughout the process. Lastly, the ‘in this together’ theme focuses on how the staff came together to accomplish the project. The initial uncertainty during the preparation phase posed difficulties for the managers. Working in accordance with existing response plans and utilising the findings of the situation analysis made it possible for managers to organise how space, personnel, and supplies would be utilised and thus increase the surge capacity of the units. The respondents\' main challenges were facility adaptation and ensuring adequate staffing. Cooperation and solidarity among the staff, along with well-timed preventive measures implemented by the authorities, proved crucial to the success of Landspitali’s intensive care unit in dealing with the pandemic.
Analysis of Data Mining Applications for Determining Credit Eligibility Using Classification Algorithms C4.5, Naïve Bayes, K-NN, and Random Forest
Authors: Oktafriani Yessy , Firmansyah Gerry , Tjahjono Budi , Widodo Agung Mulyo
Published: September 2023

This study aims to enhance the credit evaluation process within Credit Union (CU) Karya Bersama Lestari (KABARI). The study leveraged four distinct algorithms, namely Decision Tree C4.5, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), and Random Forest, to predict the suitability of extending loans to potential borrowers. Rapid Miner was employed as a tool to maximize accuracy by analyzing the Confusion matrix. Testing was conducted on a dataset consisting of 459 member loan submissions. The results of the analysis revealed that the K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) algorithm achieved the highest accuracy among the evaluated algorithms. Specifically, the Decision Tree algorithm demonstrated an accuracy rate of 95.65%, along with a precision and recall of 94.12%. The Naive Bayes algorithm achieved an accuracy rate of 95.65%, supported by precision and recall values of 100% and 88.24%, respectively. The K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm displayed the highest accuracy rate of 97.83%, accompanied by 100% precision and 94.12% recall. Meanwhile, the Random Forest algorithm exhibited an accuracy rate of 93.48%, complemented by precision and recall values of 100% and 82.35%, respectively. The study's conclusions bear relevance for refining loan approval processes and fostering improved lending practices within financial institutions like CU KABARI.
The Impact of Father's Absence on Psychological Conditions in Children from Commuter Marriage Families
Authors: Nasution Evi Syafrida , Rahayu Anizar , Cameliana Anita
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of fatherlessness on the psychological development of children from commuter marriage families. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The subject of this study is an 8-year-old child. Data collection techniques in this study include interviews, observations, and psychological tests. Data analysis is conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The data's validity is tested using source triangulation techniques. Based on the research results, the impact of fatherlessness on the psychological development of the child shows that: S does not get quality time with his father to engage in play activities because the father works out of town and returns only once a year. S's father verbally abuses his wife, indicating the loss of the father's role as a source of love and protection from harm. S's father makes rules and decisions within the house without first consulting his wife and children. Every decision made by the father must be followed by the mother and children, or else the father becomes angry. S's father believes that raising and educating children is solely the mother's responsibility, and a husband's role is only to provide for the family financially. S's mother is unable to establish the father's presence in the children's lives. S has difficulty following lessons at school and adapting to school life, as he always needs to be accompanied by his mother. When playing, S only interacts with close friends he already knows.
Investigating The Impact of Cause Related Marketing on Consumer Attitude and Purchase Intention
Authors: Saktiana Galuh Mira , Prakosa Adhi
Published: September 2023

Cause-related marketing (CRM) is a marketing program that closely relates to corporate social responsibility. The increasing popularity of CRM has led many researchers to investigate effective CRM campaign strategies. This study employs an experimental design with a factorial design to assess the impact of time duration, proximity, and congruence on brand attitudes and intentions. The study was conducted with college students from two cities in Indonesia, and statistical analyses, including t-tests and regression, were utilized. The results indicate that respondents' attitudes vary with respect to time duration and congruence, and attitudes towards brands related to CRM programs positively affect intentions. Therefore, marketers should consider the attributes of CRM, such as duration and congruence, to ensure that the program is accepted by consumers.
Protection and Legal Liability of Electronic Medical Records in Primary Clinics from the Perspective of Legal Certainty
Authors: Novianti Novianti , Kolib Abdul , Bakhtiar Handar Subhandi
Published: September 2023

One of the functions of Law Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice is the regulation of medical records. Along with the changing times, medical records have also developed into electronic medical records. Electronic medical records become a record of the patient's health during his life so that a need for protection and legal liability of electronic medical records at Pratama clinics. This study aims to analyze the law on the protection and legal liability of electronic medical records at Pratama clinics in terms of legal certainty perspective. This research uses normative empirical with a juridical normative research approach. Meanwhile, the research analysis is quantitative analysis. The results showed that medical records are regulated in Article 47 of the 2004 law on medical practice. Along with the development of technology comes Electronic Medical Records (RME) where documentation of patient medical records throughout life in electronic form. The implementation of electronic medical records in this Pratama clinic can provide better legal certainty for all parties involved in the health care process.
Analysis and Design of Serviced Oriented Architecture (SOA) with Service-Oriented Modeling And Architechture (SOMA) Method in Trucking Services Company (Case Study: PT Argo Kencana Transindo)
Authors: Palupi Intan Setya , Mihardja Husni Satra , Akbar Habibullah , Firmansyah Gerry
Published: September 2023

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an architectural approach which uses basic construction in the form of services to support rapid system development at low cost and has the ease of managing the composition of distributed applications even in heterogeneous environments. PT Argo Kencana Transindo (PT AKT) is a company in the field of transportation services or freight forwarding. Until now, the company in carrying out its operations still uses an information system that is only integrated with computerized applications, namely Microsoft excel, Microsoft word and also a simple system but there is no information system that is integrated between departments to be able to manage a lot of existing work. For the trucking industry, fast and efficient delivery times are essential to meet customer needs and maintain competitiveness in a competitive market. Facing the opportunity of changing business process needs in the future, SOA offers adaptive and reactive to the environment and offers solutions to business complexity, system diversity and technology. This research analyzes and designs SOA using the SOMA method which is expected to contribute to making it easier to integrate with other systems and services, helping to streamline communication and data sharing throughout the supply chain, leading to more efficient and effective operations.
Problemática en la diligencia del levantamiento de cadáveres
Authors: Guerrero matta Carlosp , Salas Calizaya RONALD ELMER , BECKER LOAIZA RICHAR CRISTIAN
Published: September 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo evidenciar conceptos y prácticas erróneas que tiene el personal policial, los profesionales forenses y personal del Ministerio Público durante la diligencia de levantamiento de cadáveres, donde se confunde conceptos y procedimientos que señala la doctrina de la criminalística desde el aislamiento de la escena del crimen, así como el ingreso y recojo de indicios y evidencias y finalmente el levantamiento de cadáveres. Históricamente, y hasta antes del 2004, en el Perú esta función era desarrollada exclusivamente por la Policía Nacional del Perú, actividad que fue heredada por sus antecesores la Guardia Civil y la Policía de Investigaciones del Perú, donde cada una cumplía sus respectivos roles: primer interventor, pesquisa y perito criminalístico; en la actualidad, la Policía Nacional del Perú realiza los tres roles; sin embargo luego de la entrada en vigencia del nuevo modelo procesal penal, el Ministerio Público tiene participación directa tanto en la conducción jurídica (investigaciones desarrolladas en sede policial) como en los actos de investigación (desarrollados en sede fiscal) y de manera exclusiva en el levantamiento de cadáveres. A fin de dilucidar y hacer más explícita la presente investigación, se analizará la problemática generada durante la diligencia de levantamiento del cadáver de Jesús, cuyo cuerpo se encontraba en la morgue de un hospital de Arequipa, hecho que pondrá en evidencia la marcada diferencia que existen entre cada una de estas diligencias antes mencionadas y los errores procedimentales que viene cometiendo el personal policial y el personal del Ministerio Público en la diligencia de levantamiento de cadáver.
Construcción social de la imagen del policía
Authors: Cayotopa Pimentel Boris , Arredondo Ramos Yul
Published: September 2023

La sociedad contemporánea otorga cualidades a sus diversos elementos y/o actores, en el caso de los efectivos policiales, tradicionalmente han sido representados como los responsables de garantizar el orden, la paz y la protección de los derechos constitucionales, así como ser consideradas personas con elevados valores y de estar dispuestos al autosacrificio por la población. Tal construcción social se ha dinamizado con diversos elementos culturales como los medios de comunicación. Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio fue describir la construcción social del policía en la sociedad contemporánea. Se encontró que existen dos perspectivas, la tradicional y la contemporánea, en el primer caso se atribuyen cualidades heroicas, de autosacrificio y de ejercer un rol protector de la ciudadanía, caracterizando a los efectivos policiales con vocación hacia la carrera policial; mientras que en la perspectiva contemporánea, el simbolismo de la figura policial ostenta características más reales, de personas que pueden ser vulnerables, cuya naturaleza de trabajo implica la polarización de la actividad, donde las acciones y/o trabajo policial puede ser cuestionado e incluso valorado negativamente, por lo que la carrera policial es considerada como la oportunidad de tener un trabajo estable.
Development of ideal filtration system for rooftop fish farming at urban households
Authors: M. M. M Mamun, , K. R. A Jhumi, , M Rubel, , S. A. A.4 Nahid,
Published: September 2023

The experimental study was based on the establishment of suitable filtration system on the basis of comparative study of the effectiveness between the different filtration systems consisting coarse filter, coarse filter with plant and only plant in re-circulatory condition at rooftop. During the six months study period the experimental study of the filtration systems were done on the reduction rate of NH3, PO4+ and NH4+ of water used for prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) culture in twelve (12) plastic barrel (250L water holding capacity). Water samples were collected from each filtration system after the recirculation process. Dissolved oxygen, temperature and pH were monitored daily; ammonia, ammonium and phosphate concentration determined once in a week. The average amount of NH3, PO4* and NH4* of filtrated water was found (mean±SD) 0.15±0.01(mg/L), 0.16±0.02(mg/L) and 0.06±.03(mg/L) respectively in plant system; 0.17±0.02(mg/L), 0.42±0.01(mg/L) and 0.08±.01(mg/L) in coarse coarse filter system and 0.13±0.02(mg/L), 0.31±0.01(mg/L) and 0.06±0.02(mg/L) in coarse filter with plant system. The level of NH3 in water of coarse filter with plant was significantly reduced into (0.20±0.02 (mg/L)) than only plant system (0.04±0.01 (mg/L)) and coarse filter system (0.01±0.02 (mg/L)) (p<0.05). Plant system shows significant reduction (p<0.05) of NH4* and PO4* (0.39±0.02 (mg/L) and 0.09±0.03(mg/L)) than coarse filter (0.03±0.01(mg/L) and 0.19±0.01 (mg/L)). Coarse filter with plant also reduced more PO4* (0.25±0.01(mg/L)) than coarse filter system (0.19±0.01 (mg/L)).The average water temperature, pH and DO of the filtrated water were 27.6°C, 7.4 and 4.03mg/L respectively. At the initial stage of the study period prawn was stocked 55pL/tank where average length was 0.2mm. At the end of the study period final length estimated 5.5cm and the weight 2.85g on average. The results of this study showed the possibility of establishment of a suitable filtration system for rooftop fish culture.
Vigilancia epidemiológica de la anisakiasis en el estado Falcón, Venezuela.
Authors: Espinoza Hector Ramon Bracho
Published: September 2023

La anisakiasis es una enfermedad zoonotica de importancia mundial, causada por parásitos de la familia Anisakidae, es desconocida en Falcón y en Venezuela. Se desarrolló esta investigación con el propósito de establecer un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica para la anisakiasis en el estado Falcón, mediante la realización de un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal, a través del análisis documental de publicaciones periódicas, anuarios epidemiológicos y estadísticas continúas de organismos oficiales; dentro de las líneas de investigación regionales: Promoción de salud y Prevención de enfermedades. La información recopilada fue sistematizada a partir de la búsqueda, selección, organización y disposición de las fuentes de información, integradas para su análisis y establecimiento de ideas centrales, donde se demostró que el género Contracaecum sp parasita en un 100% al pescado de la familias Mugilidae y Gerreidae y el 6% de género Pseudoterranova sp a la familia Gerreidae, en la zona pesquera Médano Blanco, estado Falcón. Los parásitos ubicados en la cavidad digestiva migrando a músculos, representaron una carga parasitaria de 16 a 21 parásitos por espécimen, donde el 64% de pescadores y consumidores desconocía el parasito y sus medidas higiénicas de control. Se detectó riesgo inminente y se diseñó un programa de vigilancia epidemiológica para hacer frente a la amenaza. Esta investigación generó esquemas de vigilancia, lineamientos de promoción y protección de la salud, aplicables mediante educación sanitaria, con el fin de aportar conocimientos de los riesgos sanitarios derivadas de la captura, comercialización y consumo de productos marinos parasitados, en función de garantizar a la población alimentos seguros.
Palabras clave: Anisakiasis gástrica, Zoonosis, vigilancia epidemiológica, promoción de salud.
Insights from the molecular docking analysis of gambogic acid with the Chikungunya spike glycoprotein E2
Authors:   Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, Qamar Sadia
Published: September 2023

Chikungunya fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and has drawn substantial attention in recent years. So far, no effective treatment is available in the form of drugs or vaccines. In this study, we aimed to screen some drugs against the pathogenic Chikungunya virus through a molecular docking approach. As a fact, the spike E2 protein plays an important role in viral attachment to the human host cell, binding to a cell receptor MXRA8. The molecules screened for in-silico interaction against MXRA8 were selected with top hit based on binding affinity. The existing intermolecular bonds were investigated further in the active site of the protein that interacts with the top-hit ligands. Gambogic acid (guttic acid) was depicted as the furthermost potential inhibitor when compared to the others it had the lowest binding affinity (-10.9 kcal/mol). Gambogic acid, as a potential antiviral agent against the spike E2 protein, could be a promising candidate.
Formulation and evaluation of a novel herbal trio gel containing flax seed extract, carbopol and carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai-600077, Tamil Nadu, India, Shanmugam Rajeshkumar
Published: September 2023

It is of interest to formulate and evaluate herbal trio gel containing brown flax seed extract, carbopol, and carboxymethyl cellulose and to assess the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory activity along with quality analysis using SEM and FTIR. The brown flax seeds were grinded into a fine powder and supercritical fluid was prepared which was mixed with CMC and carbopol. The formulation was checked for antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory activity, surface characteristics with SEM and FTIR. The results revealed that the antimicrobial activity of the trio gel was efficacious in hampering the growth of black pigmented anaerobes. The highest zone of inhibition for novel herbal trio gel was recorded at 100 μL measuring 14mm and for the standard chlorhexidine gel it was recorded at 100 μL measuring 23mm in diameter. The results proved that the zone of inhibition of novel herbal trio gel had a decent difference to that of standard chlorhexidine gel. The anti-inflammatory activity showed significant activity at 20 μL which accounted for 53% for the novel herbal trio gel and for the standard diclofenac gel it showed highest activity at 20 μL which accounted for 60%. However, there was not much difference between the herbal trio gel and standard diclofenac gel. SEM observations revealed that the components used in formulation of this trio gel have been bonded well to each other and exhibited appreciable surface characteristics. The lattice of the trio gel has been very well exhibited in SEM analysis. FTIR revealed high peaks showing the different components present in the trio gel. Within the limitations of the study, the results of our study concluded that novel herbal trio gel containing Linum usitatissimum extract, sorbitol, and carboxymethyl cellulose could be an efficient economic primeval substitute that is non-toxic, natural, and structured for clinical application.
Formulation and evaluation of Ocimum sanctum Linn containing carboxymethylcellulose and sorbitol based hydrogel
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, Eswaramoorthy Rajalakshmanan
Published: September 2023

It is of interest to formulate a hydrogel consisting of Ocimum sanctum linn, sorbitol, and carboxymethyl cellulose and to evaluate the physical properties of the hydrogel. The hydrogel was prepared by dissolving Ocimum sanctum linn extract into the mixture containing sorbitol and carboxymethyl cellulose. The formulation was further evaluated for its swelling index, contact angle, in -vitro release properties, and surface analysis using atomic force microscopy. The swelling index showed a significant increase in weight from 1st hr to the 84th hour which is 11.1% and 15.8% respectively. The contact angle test showed a value of 72.81° and 75.99° respectively. In vitro drug release showed a burst release till the 6th day followed by a sustained release till the 20th day. Atomic force microscopy revealed smooth and consistent surface topography with a mean size of 51μm in diameter which depicts that the particles are well dispersed throughout the hydrogel matrix. Data show that hydrogel containing Ocimum sanctum linn extract, sorbitol, and carboxymethyl cellulose could be an efficient economic primeval substitute that is non-toxic, natural, and structured for clinical application.
Role of T cells in cervical cancer
Authors:   Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia, Alshami Issam
Published: September 2023

Cervical cancer is an important health problem and it is considered the fourth most lethal women's cancer worldwide. The intertumoral T cell pool is exposed in a number of immunosuppressive pathways. Therefore, it is of interest to document the effect of cervical cancer on immune system, the role of T cells in the development and pathogenesis of cervical cancer. HPV is considered the most important risk factors for developing cervical cancer, HPV 16 and 18, the two most common oncogenic types which are high risk HPV cause 70% of cervical cancer cases. In the cervical mucosa, the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is related to the severity of the lesions. Cervical cancer can be treated by immunotherapeutic vaccine which involves T cells. T cells play an important part in cervical cancer pathogenesis because HPV exploits several methods to avoid host T-cell immune surveillance. T-cell-based immunotherapy is important because it is selective and has therapeutic potential.
Molecular docking analysis of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors for cancer management
Authors:   Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia, Barnawi Jameel
Published: September 2023

Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) catalyses the conversion of sphingosine to the signalling mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate. This is essential for cell survival and proliferation. SK1 is frequently overexpressed in various cancer types, promoting tumor progression. SK1 has been well documented as a promising target for anticancer therapy. In this study, a virtual screening approach was used to screen a total of 1068 natural compounds, with the aim of identifying potential inhibitors of SK1. The top hit compounds, namely CNP0296172, CNP0368143, CNP0380570, and CNP0290815, were selected based on their strong binding affinity and specificity towards the SK1 binding pocket. Notably, these selected hit compounds exhibited a higher affinity towards the SK1 binding pocket when compared to the positive control compound (PF-543). Furthermore, these compounds were found to meet the necessary drug like criteria, thus rendering them suitable candidates for further experimental validation as potential anticancer agents.
Link between human ABO blood groups with diseases influencing blood donors and recipients frequency at RBTC, Delhi, India
Authors:   PG Department of Zoology, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar - 802301, India, Thakur Sanjay Kumar
Published: September 2023

Blood groups had associations with many diseases that affect blood transfusion services by increasing or decreasing the blood demand of particular blood group. The present study was designed to compare the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors and blood component recipients. The ABO and Rh(D) blood groups of donors and recipients were determined using Gel card method. The frequency of blood donors and blood component recipients from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023, at regional blood transfusion centre of Delhi, were compared using χ2 test. The ABO blood group frequencies of blood donors (n=23025) were: A(23.1%), B(37.53%), AB(10.09%), and O(29.29%). The blood issue (n=20255) was significantly (p=0.0000) higher in A(24.96%), B(39.92%), and lower in AB(9.76%) and O(25.37%). The RDP issue (n=7239) was significantly (p=0.0000) higher in A(24.71%), B(39.34%), and AB(11.53%) and lower in O(24.41%). The FFP issue (n=4164) was significantly (p=0.00024) higher in AB (12.3%) and lower in A (22.05%), B(37.32%), and O(28.14%). The difference between the blood donor frequencies of Rh(D)+Ve(95.19%) and Rh(D)-Ve(4.81%) and the blood issued by Rh(D)+Ve(95.06%) and Rh(D)-Ve(4.94%) was statistically not significant(P=0.52).Blood issues were higher in blood group A and B than in O, platelet issues were higher in A, B and AB than in O, and FFP issues were higher in the AB. Non-O blood groups may have a higher frequency of blood transfusions, while O blood groups may have a protective influence against diseases due to their innate immune response.
Molecular biomarkers NOTCH1, CD44, BMI1, and TP53 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors:   Department of Research and Develpoment, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, Mohammad Reshma
Published: September 2023

It is of interest to evaluate NOTCH1, CD44, BMI1, and TP53 genes in the epiglottis, tongue, and hard palate of oral malignancies (OM) with healthy controls. This was a prospective and cross-sectional study of 60 individuals with oral malignancies (OM) (20 each of tongue, epiglottis, and hard palate) studied at Malla Reddy Medical College and tertiary care hospitals in Hyderabad. Adults aged ≥ 18 years and diagnosed with oral cancer were included in the study. Those who had cancer in more than one area were excluded from the study. Blood samples of individuals with tongue or epiglottis or hard palate were taken for testing the expression of NOTCH1, CD44, TP53, and BMI1 genes. They were analysed by the genomic sequencing method. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's t-test was used for statistical analysis. Expression of NOTCH1, CD44, BMI1, and TP53 genes were significantly higher in epiglottis, tongue, and hard palate compared to healthy control samples (p < 0.001). All four genes were expressed in all three areas of OM. However, they were not significant between them. Further analysis revealed that NOTCH1, CD44, TP53, and BMI1 genes did not show any difference in HPV-positive and HPV-negative samples. Comparing the T stages of cancer Notch1, gene expression was significantly higher in stages 1 and 2 compared to 3 and 4. The CD44, TP53, and BMI1 did not show any differences in the T stage. However, the difference in HPV in all T stages was very minimal. Data showed that irrespective of the areas of cancer (epiglottis, tongue, and hard palate) NOTCH1, CD44, TP53, and BMI1 genes were expressed equally. The expression was not very much dependent on HPV positive (+ve) or negative (-ve). However the T-stage was showing higher expression compared to control group. Since the expression of these genes was very high in all the three malignancies, they may be used as early biomarkers to detect cancer of epiglottis, tongue, and hard palate.
A short review on minimally invasive implants
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600 095, Tamil Nadu, India, Ramani Saathvika
Published: September 2023

In the last 30 years, the use of dental implants to replace missing teeth has increased immensely. Brånemark pioneered the use of extensive surgical flaps to visualise the surgical field during implant surgery. Since then, several changes have been made to the flap design with aesthetic considerations now being incorporated. Such major innovations have contributed to the wide acceptance of flapless implant surgery. Therefore, it is of interest to describe the various techniques, requirements, advantages and disadvantages of minimally implant surgery.
A meta-analysis of amnion membrane in gingival recession
Authors:   Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Dental Sciences and Research (MMCDSR) Ambala, India, Lubaib Mohamed
Published: September 2023

This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effects of Amniotic Membrane (AM) as compared with other treatment modalities on the clinical outcomes, in gingival recession defects. Only Randomized controlled clinical trials published before 2020 were included. Studies were divided into 5 subgroups (1) Coronally advanced flap (CAF)+AM v/s Chorion membrane (CM) (2) CAF+AM v/s CAF+PRF (3) CAF+AM v/s CAF+Collagen membrane (4) CAF+AM v/s CAF (5) CAF+AM v/s CAF+ Subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG). Studies were evaluated for Recession Depth (RD) (Primary outcome); Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Recession Width (RW) and Width of Keratinized Gingiva (WKG) (Secondary outcomes). The inverse variance approach was utilised in fixed or random effect models for the meta-analysis, which were chosen based on heterogeneity. Results suggested that the use of AM membrane showed comparable results in improving RD, RW, or CAL in the treatment of Miller Class-I and Class-II gingival recession compared to the other treatment modalities. However, CAF+AM resulted in statistically significant improvement in RD and RW than CAF+SCTG, though CAL gain was statistically more with CAF+SCTG. However, increase of WKG was found to be statistically significantly more in all the other treatment modalities as compared to CAF+AM. With properties like self-adherence, bioavailability and presence of growth factors AM with CAF can produce good aesthetic root coverage comparable to SCTG and PRF, where width of keratinized gingiva is adequate.