bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the efficiency of some disinfectants on the viability of Hymenolepis nana eggs isolated from wastewater and faecal sludge in Yaounde (Cameroon): importance of some abiotic variables
Authors: Arnold Landry Fotseu Kouam , Gideon Aghaindum Ajeagah , Dennis Amoah Isaac , Thérèse Nadège Okoa Amougou , Pierre Tsomene Namekong
Published: September 2021

Hymenolepis nana is responsible for many parasitic infections in tropical areas, with its persistence in aquatic environments as major contributory factor. A study aimed at demonstrating the effectiveness of some disinfectants on the viability of Hymenolepis nana eggs was conducted in microcosm. Sampling consisted of taking wastewater and sewage sludge samples in sterilized containers and then transporting to the laboratory of Hydrobiology and Environmental Sciences for the determination of Hymenolepis nana eggs using standard protocols. The experimental set-up consisted of five replicates, four tests and a control. The test samples were successively treated with four disinfectants (calcium chlorite, hydrogen peroxide, gypsum and sodium hypochlorite). The physico-chemical parameters were measured before and after disinfection. The samples were then observed under an optical microscope after concentration of the sample through sedimentation and McMaster technique. The viability of the eggs was determined using incubation and staining techniques. The analysis revealed that the selected disinfectants significantly reduced the physico-chemical parameters (with an average yield ranging from 79.24 ± 19.43% to 99.24 ± 1.47%). These physico-chemical parameters can significantly influence the treatment of Hymenolepis nana eggs either by absorbing the disinfectant or by constituting a protective barrier for the eggs, and the physico-chemical nature of the disinfectant strongly influences the formation of disinfection by-products. Calcium chlorite showed a greater effectiveness in reducing egg viability with efficiency rates of 93.12 ± 9.12% followed by hydrogen peroxide (89.57 ± 14.55%), sodium hypochlorite (82.51 ± 14.39%) and gypsum (80.85 ± 12.88%). The results obtained with gypsum are almost similar to those obtained with other disinfectants (calcium chlorite, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite) and clearly show that this disinfectant can be used in water treatment because, unlike other chemical disinfectants, it has no known toxic effects.
Public Health and Critical Ethnographies
Authors: Betancurth Loaiza Diana Paola , Guarín García Luisa Fernanda , Holguín Zuluaga Juan Alejandro
Published: September 2021

This article analyzes characteristic elements of public health as a disciplinary field in contrast to critical ethnography. We carry out an exploratory, integrative review between 2010 and 2020 in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. Health and social science databases were used, finding 620 relevant references, of which 64 were studied. The descriptors were ethnography, health, public health, social anthropology, and critical thinking. The articles were classified according to discipline and country of origin. Subsequently, we discuss the presence of ethnography in various public health works, the history of ethnographies, their diverse applications as methods, focus, social impact, and emancipation tools to demonstrate the existence of ethnographies. In conclusion, the main meeting points identified between public health and critical ethnographies were the visibility of researchers/professionals as subjects with whom research is conducted, the multidimensionality of the phenomena addressed, the recognition of issues that involve power tensions, the questioning of other knowledge, and the intention to carry out actions for communities to access health care.
Inserción al mercado del trabajo informal en jóvenes del sector turismo
Authors: Obispo-Salazar Kelly , Pedraza-Álvarez Lilibeth Patricia
Published: September 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la inserción al mercado de trabajo informal en jóvenes que hacen parte del sector turismo de Santa Marta, por lo cual se abordó el recurso de la empleabilidad, ya que se entiende que en la informalidad también hay estrategias, habilidades y conocimientos que inciden en el ingreso, permanencia y movilidad del trabajador. Para ello fue necesario acercarse al fenómeno desde un paradigma interpretativo, con una perspectiva cualitativa y diseño fenomenológico, el muestreo fue por caso tipo, en donde participaron nueve jóvenes entre los 19 y 27 años de edad que se dedicaban al trabajo informal tradicional menos inestable. La técnica usada fue la entrevista semiestructurada, se aplicó el análisis de contenido de Bardin y la práctica discursiva de la línea narrativa. Los resultados permiten reconocer que los jóvenes se insertan a la informalidad a través de personas cercanas, así como desarrollan habilidades sociales necesarias para ser más atractivos en este mercado evidenciándose la empleabilidad en este contexto.
Susceptibility of Glutathione-S-Transferase Polymorphism to CVD Develo-
pment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Review
Authors: Sobha Santhi Priya , Ebenezar Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background:

Metabolic disorder affects normal homeostasis and can lead to the development of diseases. Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder, and a cluster of metabolic conditions can lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diabetes mellitus and CVD are closely related, with oxidative stress, playing a major role in the pathophysiology. Glutathione-S-Transferases (GST) potentially play an important role by reducing oxidative stress and is found to be the underlying pathophysiology in the development of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), etc.

Objectives:

In this review, the role of GST genetic variant in the development of diabetes mellitus, CVD and diabetic vascular complications has been focused.

Results:

Based on the literature, it is evident that the GST can act as an important biochemical tool providing significant evidence regarding oxidative stress predominant in the development of diseases. Analysis of GST gene status, particularly detection of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null mutations and GSTP1 polymorphism, have clinical importance.

Conclusion:

The analysis of GST polymorphism may help identify the people at risk and provide proper medical management. Genotyping of GST gene would be a helpful biomarker for early diagnosis of CVD development in DM and also in CVD cases. More studies focusing on the association of GST polymorphism with CVD development in diabetic patients will help us determine the pathophysiology better.
In vitro Cholesterol Assimilation by Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis
(BPL1) Probiotic Bacteria Under Intestinal Conditions
Authors: Fernández-Calderón María Coronada , Sánchez-Moro María Dolores Hinchado , Rincón Eduardo Ortega
Published: September 2021

Background:

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the principal causes of the development of
cardiovascular diseases. Recently, probiotics consumption has also been proposed as a non-pharmacological
intervention to control cholesterol concentrations.

Objective:

To evaluate in vitro assimilation of cholesterol by Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis
(BPL1) under simulated intestinal environment in anaerobic conditions and to review and discuss
potential physiological mechanisms in this context.

Methods:

Bacterial viability and cholesterol assimilation were evaluated in both standard MRS and
Stimulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF) medium under anaerobic conditions and in the presence or
absence of cholesterol. For assimilation assays, cholesterol concentrations in the different suspensions,
containing the probiotic or not, were determined by chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.

Results:

The results showed that the growth of B. lactis BPL1 under intestinal conditions is favored
when cholesterol is present in the culture medium. In addition, cholesterol assimilation of up
to 44.4% under intestinal and anaerobic conditions was observed.

Conclusion:

Taking into account the revised literature and the experimental results presented
herein, the administration of functional foodstuffs together with probiotic bacteria, such as B. lactis
BPL1, could be a potentially effective option to decrease hypercholesterolemia, thus preventing the
development of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, further studies on mechanisms of effectiveness
in animals and clinical trials are still needed.
Impact of Band-gap Graded Intrinsic Layer on Single-junction Band-gap
Tailored Solar Cells
Authors: Rasheed J. Fatima , Babu V. Suresh
Published: September 2021

Objective:

The work investigates the performance of intrinsic layers with and without
band-gap tailoring in single-junction amorphous silicon-based photovoltaic cells. The work proposes
single-junction amorphous silicon solar cells in which band-gap grading has been done between
layers as well as within each layer for the first time.

Materials & Methods:

The samples of hydrogenated amorphous silicon-germanium with different
mole fractions are fabricated, and their band-gaps are validated through optical characterization
and material characterization. A single-junction solar cell with an intrinsic layer made up of hydrogenated
amorphous silicon (aSi:H) having a band-gap of 1.6 eV is replaced by continuously graded
hydrogenated amorphous silicon-germanium (aSi1-xGe x H) intrinsic bottom layers having bandgaps
ranging from 0.9 eV to 1.5 eV. The proposed structure has been considered as a variant of
previously designed single-junction band-gap tailored structures.

Results:

The suitable utilization of band-gap tailoring on the intrinsic absorber layer aids more
incident photons in energy conversion and thereby attain a better short circuit current density of
19.89 mA/cm2.
DEVLET KONSERVATUVARI FLÜT ANA SANAT DALI ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇALIŞMA SÜREÇLERİNDE ÖZDÜZENLEMELİ ÖĞRENME İLE KULLANDIKLARI STRATEJİLER VE ÖĞRENCİ GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Okan Melisa , Alıcı Sezin
Published: September 2021

Bu araştırmada, aynı seviyelerdeki flüt öğrencilerinin çalgı çalışma süreçlerini nasıl değerlendirdikleri ve karşılaştıkları sorunlara yönelik kullanmakta oldukları özdüzenlemeli öğrenme stratejilerine ilişkin görüşlerinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Devlet Konservatuvarı’nda öğrenim görmekte olan 5 flüt ana sanat dalı öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğrenciler dönem boyunca seviyelerine uygun bir eseri kendi çalışma programlarına uygun olarak çalışmışlardır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri görüşme tekniği türlerinden, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma verilerini elde etmek amacı ile araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış ve 13 sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu hazırlanmıştır. Literatürde özdüzenlemeli öğrenme ve çalgı performansına ilişkin farklı çalışmalar bulunmakla birlikte flüt çalgısı ve özdüzenlemeli öğrenme kavramına ilişkin daha önce bir çalışma yapılmaması bu araştırmanın önemini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma sonucunda flüt öğrencilerinin özdüzenlemeli öğrenme sürecinde çalışma stratejileri geliştirirken, nerede problem olduğunun doğru saptaması ve o problemin üzerine yoğunlaşarak çalışmasını sürdürmesinin önemi ve çalışma sürecinde tekrar sayısı, çalışma hızı, çalışma süresi, dikkat ve konsantrasyonun öğrenme sürecinde ne derece önemli unsurlar olduğu saptanmıştır.
Core Competencies to Promote Consistency and Standardization of Best Practices for Digital Peer Support: Focus Group Study
Authors: Collins-Pisano Caroline , Velez Court Juan , Johnson Michael , Mois George , Brooks Jessica , Myers Amanda , Muralidharan Anjana , Storm Marianne , Wright Maggie , Berger Nancy , Kasper Ann , Fox Anthony , MacDonald Sandi , Schultze Sarah , Fortuna Karen
Published: September 2021

Background

As digital peer support is quickly expanding across the globe in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, standardization in the training and delivery of digital peer support can advance the professionalism of this field. While telehealth competencies exist for other fields of mental health practice, such as social work, psychiatry, and psychology, limited research has been done to develop and promote digital peer support competencies.

Objective

The goal of this study is to introduce the coproduction of core competencies that can guide digital peer support.

Methods

Peer support specialists were recruited through an international listserv and participated in a 1-hour virtual focus group. A total of four focus groups were conducted with 59 peer support specialists from 11 US states and three countries.

Results

Analysis was conducted using the rigorous and accelerated data reduction (RADaR) technique, and 10 themes were identified: (1) protecting the rights of service users, (2) technical knowledge and skills in the practice of digital peer support, (3) available technologies, (4) equity of access, (5) digital communication skills, (6) performance-based training, (7) self-care, (8) monitoring digital peer support and addressing digital crisis, (9) peer support competencies, and (10) health literacy (emerging). The authors present recommendations based on these themes.

Conclusions

The introduction of digital peer support core competencies is an initial first step to promote the standardization of best practices in digital peer support. The established competencies can potentially act as a guide for training and skill development to be integrated into US state peer support specialist competencies and to enhance competencies endorsed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).
Effectiveness of a Dyadic Buddy App for Smoking Cessation: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Schwaninger Philipp , Berli Corina , Scholz Urte , Lüscher Janina
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Tobacco smoking is one of the biggest public health threats. Smartphone apps offer new promising opportunities for supporting smoking cessation in real time. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of an app that encourages individuals to quit smoking with the help of a social network member (buddy) in daily life.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of the SmokeFree buddy app compared with a control group with self-reported smoking abstinence and carbon monoxide (CO)–verified smoking abstinence as primary outcomes and self-reports of smoked cigarettes per day (CPD) as a secondary outcome.

METHODS

A total of 162 adults who smoked participated in this single-blind, two-arm, parallel-group, intensive longitudinal randomized controlled trial. Around a self-set quit date (ie, 7 days before the self-set quit date and 20 days after) and 6 months later, participants of the intervention and control groups reported on daily smoking abstinence and CPD in end-of-day diaries. Daily smoking abstinence was verified via daily exhaled CO assessments. This assessment was administered via an app displaying results of exhaled CO, thus addressing self-monitoring in both groups. In addition, participants in the intervention group used the SmokeFree buddy app, a multicomponent app that facilitates social support from a buddy of choice.

RESULTS

A significant reduction in CPD from baseline to the 6-month follow-up was observed among participants in both groups. Multilevel analyses revealed no significant intervention effect on self-reported and CO-verified daily smoking abstinence at the quit date and 3 weeks later. However, CPD was lower at the quit date and 3 weeks later in the intervention group than in the control group. No significant differences between groups were found for any outcome measures 6 months after the quit date. Overall, low app engagement and low perceived usefulness were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite some encouraging short-term findings on the amount of smoking, the SmokeFree buddy app did not have beneficial effects on smoking abstinence over and above the self-monitoring control condition. Future studies should examine whether and what support processes can be effectively stimulated and how app use can be improved to better achieve this goal.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry 11154315; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11154315

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-7723-z
Questions to the article: Predicting Unscheduled Emergency Department Return Visits Among Older Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Kuo Shu-Chun , Chien Tsair-wei , Chou Willy
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

The article published on 28 July 2021 is well-written and of interest, but remains several questions that are required for clarifications, such as (1) the Figure 1 is too complex to release the decision criteria for predicting unscheduled emergency department return visits (EDRVs); (2) the Table 1 with 11 rules is not succinct for readers to capture the core features of the influencing factors on the unscheduled EDRVs, and (3) the decision tree technique using Weka software did not demonstrate an online module that can be implemented in clinical settings. We suggested three ways to improve the study in methods and illustrated examples presented in previous studies using the decision tree technique. In addition, to solve the problem of class imbalance in data should be combined with an MP4 video(or a Multimedia Appendix) to make readers easily replicate similar research in the future. The patient characteristics and variables deposited in Multimedia Appendix 1 are insufficient. A small sample of data (e.g., one-tenth from the 10-fold cross-validation method to randomly partition the data set into ten subsets in the study) should be provided for readers to verify the decision tree that can yield appropriately 76.65% and 76.95% in sensitivity and specificity, respectively, as did in predicting the unscheduled EDRVs. Otherwise, the study results are doubtable.
Machine Learning–Based Short-Term Mortality Prediction Models for Patients With Cancer Using Electronic Health Record Data: Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal (Preprint)
Authors: Lu Sheng-Chieh , Xu Cai , Nguyen Chandler H , Geng Yimin , Pfob André , Sidey-Gibbons Chris
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

In the United States, national guidelines suggest that aggressive cancer care should be avoided in the final months of life. However, guideline compliance currently requires clinicians to make judgments based on their experience as to when a patient is nearing the end of their life. Machine learning (ML) algorithms may facilitate improved end-of-life care provision for patients with cancer by identifying patients at risk of short-term mortality.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to summarize the evidence for applying ML in ≤1-year cancer mortality prediction to assist with the transition to end-of-life care for patients with cancer.

METHODS

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE to identify relevant articles. We included studies describing ML algorithms predicting ≤1-year mortality in patients of oncology. We used the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool to assess the quality of the included studies.

RESULTS

We included 15 articles involving 110,058 patients in the final synthesis. Of the 15 studies, 12 (80%) had a high or unclear risk of bias. The model performance was good: the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.72 to 0.92. We identified common issues leading to biased models, including using a single performance metric, incomplete reporting of or inappropriate modeling practice, and small sample size.

CONCLUSIONS

We found encouraging signs of ML performance in predicting short-term cancer mortality. Nevertheless, no included ML algorithms are suitable for clinical practice at the current stage because of the high risk of bias and uncertainty regarding real-world performance. Further research is needed to develop ML models using the modern standards of algorithm development and reporting.
Dietary Habits of adolescents in higher secondary school in Bhutan: An In-Depth Analysis of Nationally Representative Data
Authors: Penjor Dorji , Phuntsho Tashi , Wangchuk Kinley , Tshering Daw , Wangchuk Sangay
Published: September 2021

Bhutan is a small landlocked country that lies between the two most populous countries in the world India and China, with a total area of 38,394 square kilometers. A peaceful mountainous kingdom in the Himalayas mandated free education to all children of school-going age up to the 12th standard. Recognizing that education is the fundamental link to national progress, the Royal Government of Bhutan has always and will continue to emphasize education as a priority sector, In doing so, through a dynamic professional health system in the country, Bhutan has made enormous strides in the field of education that promote healthy and happy school children. However, as Bhutan steadily proceeds along its development path, substantial challenges remain, including the dietary habits of an adolescent in higher secondary schools. Therefore, this paper intends to explore the dietary habits among adolescents in higher secondary school. And this will contribute empirical data evidence for the policy framers and implements of the nutrition department at higher authority and school level to improve the dietary habits of adolescents.
Argumentative Bullshit
Authors: Gascón José Ángel
Published: September 2021

Harry Frankfurt characterised bullshit as assertions that are made without a concern for truth. Assertions, however, are not the only type of speech act that can be bullshit. Here, I propose the concept of argumentative bullshit and show how a speech acts account of bullshit assertions can be generalised to bullshit arguments. Argumentative bullshit, on this account, would be the production of an argument without a concern for the supporting relation between reasons and claim.
KRITERIA DEWASA (MUKALLAF) DALAM BIDANG JINAYAH
Authors: Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: September 2021

AbstractMukallaf concept in the part of jinayah is understood by multiple meaning in society, some judge mukallaf in the part of jinayah is the same as the part of worship, and some other argue differently. Nash itsself do not give a definite firmness to the criteria of mukallaf, but rather give signs that in the relationship of fellow human beings mukallaf concept has its own character. This paper aims to try to explain about the concept of mukallaf and its criteria in the part of jinayah. The data sources studied refer to nash evidence and various theories that are developing today from various disciplines. The results found can be mentioned that mukallaf in the part of jinayah is considered in the nature of puberty, perfect of  both al-'aql and rusyd . These three traits will only be found perfectly in a person when they are at least 18 years old. Based on this understanding, the perpetrator of the crime can be held accountable for his actions and sanctioned to him after aged 18 years. A child who is not yet 18 years old commits a criminal offence then must be given educational teaching to him. So that he can know the adverse impact on himself and the community as a result of his actions. Keywords: criteria mukallaf, acts of jinayah, criminal sanctions / 'uqubah
TEORI GABUNGAN HUKUMAN DALAM HUKUM POSITIF DITINJAU MENURUT HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM
Authors: Misran Misran , Royanti Desi
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK Teori gabungan hukuman merupakan satu teori yang bermakna sebuah ancaman hukuman yang lebih dari satu hukuman sebab ada beberapa kajahatan dilakukan oleh pelaku. Teori gabungan hukuman dalam hukum Islam dan hukum positif cenderung ada perbedaannya, baik mengenai jenis dan bentuk-bentuknya maupun dalam tinjauan pemenuhan asan keadilan hukum, kemanfaatan, dan kepastian hukum. Ada dua pertanyaan penelitian dalam tulisan ini. Pertama, bagaimanakah teori gabungan hukuman menurut hukum positif. Kedua, bagaimana pemenuhan asas keadilan, kemanfaatan, dan kepastian hukum di dalam teori gabungan hukuman menurut hukum positif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi pustaka, di mana data penelitian dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan cara deskriptif-analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, teori gabungan hukuman menurut hukum positif tercakup dalam tiga teori yaitu teori berganda, penyerapan dan campuran. Ketiga teori gabungan hukuman di atas dicakup dalam Pasal 60 sampai dengan Pasal 71 KUHP yang mengajarkan mengenai gabungan tindak pidana concursus idealis, concursus realis, dan voortgezette handelling. Kedua, teori gabungan hukuman menurut hukum positif sudah memenuhi asas keadilan, kemanfaatan, dan kepastian hukum. Ketiga, secara konseptual, teori gabungan hukuman dalam hukum positif tidak persis sama dengan yang diatur dalam hukum pidana Islam. Menurut hukum positif, beberapa tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh seorang pelaku bisa dijatuhi satu jenis hukuman saja, dengan syarat antara satu kejahatan dengan kejahatan yang lain dilakukan dalam masa yang berdekatan atau tidak lama, sehingga di dalamnya masuk tindakan berlanjut. Ketentuan ini cenderung longgar dari pada yang diatur dalam hukum Islam. Hukum Islam hanya mengakui penjatuhan satu hukuman atas tindakan yang berbeda apabila masing-masing tindakan memiliki arah dan tujuan yang sama. Apabila memiliki tujuan sanksi hukum yang berbeda maka pelaku wajib dijatuhi hukuman sesuai jenis pidana yang dilakukannya.Kata kunci: teori gabungan-hukum positif-hukum Islam
Kamp om Anerkendelse versus Kommunikativ Handlen – En komparativ analyse af Praksisbegrebet i Honneths og Habermas’ politiske filosofi og politiske sociologi
Authors: Larsen Øjvind
Published: September 2021

Aristoteles grundlægger et praksisbegreb, som bliver et af de fundamentale begreber i den politiske filosofi og den politiske sociologi. Hegel giver dette praksisbegreb en ny skikkelse med sit begreb om praksis som sædelighed. Habermas og Honneth tager begge udgangspunkt i den unge Hegels skrifter, når de skal forsøge at formulere det væsentlige i Hegels praksisfilosofi i et nyt begreb, som kan være aktuelt for vor tids politiske filosofi og politiske sociologi. Habermas sætter i en smart hermeneutisk manøvre sproget ind som erstatning for Hegels åndsbegreb. Med dette nye grundlag lykkes det Habermas at formulere en praktisk filosofi, i hvilken både praksis og sædelighed sammenfattes i den kommunikative handlen. Habermas’ politiske filosofi fører direkte over i den politiske sociologi, hvor den kan indgå i en empirisk orienteret politisk-sociologisk udforskning af det moderne samfunds institutioner. Honneth er kritisk over for Habermas’ sprogliggørelse af den politiske-sociologi. Honneth ønsker at holde fast i den klassiske kritiske teoris substantielle perspektiv. Honneth lægger vægt på den unge Hegels begreb om kamp om anerkendelse, som han sætter ind i et moderne demokratisk perspektiv. Honneths politiske sociologi har vist sig empirisk relevant i udforskningen af konfliktforhold og krænkelser i samfundets institutioner.
ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA BRASILEIRA E PORTUGUESA SOBRE O TEMA REPOSITÓRIO: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DO RCAAP
Authors: Bazilio Ana Paula Matos , Gracioso Luciana de Sousa
Published: September 2021

Iniciativas de gestão do conhecimento contribuem para o aperfeiçoamento e a potencialização do conhecimento científico, de forma a suscitar a geração de novos conhecimentos, a otimização de recursos, o crescimento institucional e o progresso da ciência. Neste cenário, os repositórios se configuram como ferramentas que contribuem para esses processos, tanto de comunicação científica quanto para o de gestão de conhecimento. Neste contexto foi identificada a necessidade de investigar, em uma perspectiva exploratória e descritiva, como tem se configurado a produção científica, relacionada ao Repositório, nas pesquisas em Ciência da Informação brasileira e portuguesa, a fim de analisar, de modo mais pontual, como os repositórios têm sido conceituados e caracterizados nestas pesquisas de língua portuguesa. Para tanto, foram selecionadas teses e dissertações junto ao Portal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP), que posteriormente foram analisadas seguindo categorias definidas a partir dos objetivos da pesquisa. Como resultado geral constatou-se que o repositório digital é o primeiro repositório a surgir, sendo um conceito mais amplo, logo após surgem os conceitos de repositórios institucionais de Crow (2002) e Lynch (2003) e a confirmação que em geral os repositórios são conceituados conforme o tipo de material depositado, área de pesquisa ou alguma finalidade específica.
RAMOS DE PESQUISA E REDES DE COLABORAÇÃO NA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM DIREITO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA
Authors: Sobral Natanael Vitor , Santos Raimundo Nonato Macedo dos , Barros Susane Santos , Ribeiro Brenda Bárbara Costa , Farias Jussara de Souza
Published: September 2021

A pesquisa em relato tem por objetivo descrever os ramos de pesquisa e as redes de colaboração na produção científica do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade Federal da Bahia (PPGD/UFBA), no ano 2018. Os fundamentos metodológicos estão baseados em indicadores cientométricos e na Análise de Domínio. Os procedimentos metodológicos baseiam-se no seguinte fluxo: 1) extração de dados da Plataforma Lattes do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico por meio do software ScriptLattes; e 2) sistematização e representação gráfica com apoio das ferramentas The Vantage Point, Microsoft Excel, UCINET, NetDraw e Wordle. Os resultados revelam o enfoque da produção em Direito Civil e Constitucional e apontam para a alta colaboração científica entre Teixeira, L. F. e Pamplona Filho, R. Além disto, identificou-se a proeminência de três revistas científicas entre os veículos utilizados pelo PPGD/UFBA e uma concentração de publicações em periódicos nacionais e internacionais de importante qualidade, ressaltando-se o estrato Qualis B1. Ao mesmo tempo, uma quantidade significativa de artigos foi publicada em periódicos sem Qualis, provavelmente, revistas novas ou estratificadas em outras áreas. Por fim, espera-se que o presente estudo possa fundamentar novos estudos métricos no campo jurídico, contribuindo para a avaliação da comunicação científica na área, em especial, com a utilização dos aportes teóricos e metodológicos da Ciência da Informação.
VALUE ADDED INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL COEFFICIENT (VAIC) AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES PERFORMANCE
Authors: Faria Vinícius Figueiredo de , Santos Vanessa Pereira , Zaidan Fernando Hadad
Published: September 2021

O rápido crescimento de empresas intensivas em tecnologia em uma economia baseada no conhecimento, sinaliza a importância da gestão do capital intelectual no meio corporativo. A literatura sobre o tema aponta que este ativo intangível contribui para o desempenho, competitividade e sustentabilidade financeira das empresas. Este fato é marcante especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento, onde as pequenas e médias empresas são consideradas o motor do crescimento, devido à sua capacidade de geração de empregos, flexibilidade e inovação. Mediante a esse ajuizamento, este estudo visa investigar como este ativo intangível é classificado e medido por acadêmicos e qual a sua relação com o desempenho financeiro de pequenas e médias empresas. Esta pesquisa emprega a revisão sistemática da literatura, para identificar os fatores críticos de sucesso que associam os fatores supracitados, em uma ampla perspectiva analítica sobre a mensuração do capital intelectual. Como resultado, as categorias monetárias e não monetárias dos métodos de medição do capital intelectual estão descritas neste estudo e as descobertas sugerem que as empresas com maior desempenho financeiro realizam de forma mais eficiente o potencial de seu capital intelectual.
Family ownership and corporate tax aggressiveness: The moderating effect of independent commissioner
Authors: Herawati Nurul , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Bandi Bandi , Setiawan Doddy
Published: September 2021

The family firm literature has found that 73% of empirical studies focus on American and European family firms (De Massis, Sharma, Chua, & Chrisman, 2012). De Massis et al. (2012) propose investigating family firms with contextual nuances of family firms in under-represented areas such as Asia. In addition, study on family firms related to tax aggressiveness activities is limited and the mixed results. Therefore, this study aims to explain the effect of family ownership on corporate tax aggressiveness. This study also investigates whether independent commissioners influence the practice of tax aggressiveness by family firms. The study observed 220 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2011 to 2015. We found that family ownership has a negative effect on tax aggressiveness. We also found that independent commissioners reinforce the negative influence of family ownership with tax aggressiveness. Our study contributes to the family firm literature in developing countries, particularly in terms of tax aggressiveness. We also provide practical implications for management to consider independent commissioners to provide adequate supervisors and advisors regarding family firm tax strategies.
Cinco siglos de historia de Riosucio (Caldas) : con énfasis en la conformación del territorio
Authors: Caicedo Luis Javier
Published: September 2021

La presente reseña pretende proporcionar una visión panorámica del proceso de conformación del territorio del Municipio de Riosucio, en el Departamento de Caldas, el cual tiene de singular –al interior del Eje Cafetero colombiano- que tanto su ruralidad como su componente urbano están atravesados por la continuidad de los Resguardos Indígenas creados desde el siglo XVII en la antigua Gobernación de Popayán. El texto resume la investigación adelantada por el autor desde el año 2006 en su trabajo de asesoría para el Consejo Regional Indígena de Caldas (CRIDEC), el Cabildo Indígena de San Lorenzo y para la Alcaldía de Riosucio, sucesivamente, con la finalidad de servir de insumo al Proyecto Embera Kirimcha Harapadadé (Escuela de Pensamiento Propio), al saneamiento integral del Resguardo de San Lorenzo, al Plan de Salvaguarda del Pueblo Embera de Caldas y al proceso de revisión y ajuste del Plan Básico de Ordenamiento Territorial Municipal (PBOT). La obra está dirigida a su lectura por las ...
La complejidad de la epéntesis vocálica en mazahua
Authors: Francisco Arellanes Arellanes , Romero Hernández Antonio
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo nos enfocamos en el análisis de la epéntesis vocálica en mazahua tanto respecto de su motivación como del timbre de las vocales epentéticas. En el primer aspecto, mostramos que las vocales epentéticas permiten conformar pies trocaicos silábicos a partir de raíces tanto nominales como verbales, las cuales son subyacentemente monosilábicas. Cuando las raíces están seguidas de un sufijo, las vocales epentéticas no son necesarias. En cambio, los enclíticos no pueden incorporarse al pie principal de la palabra fonológica. En el segundo aspecto mostramos que el mazahua tiene tres tipos de vocales epentéticas: mínimamente marcadas, coloreadas por el contexto y mixtas (parcialmente no marcadas y parcialmente coloreadas por el contexto). Tal tipo de sistema no ha sido reportado previamente para ninguna lengua humana. Analizamos este fenómeno en el marco de la Teoría de la Optimidad y a partir de eso proponemos una reformulación de la tipología factorial de Kager (1999) sobre los timbres de los segmentos epentéticos.
Morfofonología de los clíticos tonales en el triqui de Chicahuaxtla
Authors: Hernández Mendoza Fidel
Published: September 2021

Este artículo analiza la fonología y morfología de los clíticos que marcan la persona gramatical en el triqui de Chicahuaxtla, una lengua otomangue hablada al noroeste del estado de Oaxaca, México. Su objetivo es determinar la forma subyacente de estás marcas y explicar las alternancias tonales que exhiben cuando se adjuntan a una base léxica. El análisis sigue los principios generales de la Fonología Autosegmental que establece que las unidades tonales se representan en una grada diferente a la segmental. Plantea que en esta lengua la Unidad Portadora de Tono es la mora y que, entre los clíticos que se revisan, algunos muestran asociación subyacente a una mora y otros son flotantes. El análisis se realiza en el dominio de la flexión de la persona gramatical y demuestra que el tono es morfológico en esta lengua.
Measuring Experience in International Business: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Parracho João , Silva Susana
Published: September 2021

The paper explores the indicators that measure the experience in international business. Literature review was used to ascertain the state of the art of the existing indexes and theories. The internationalisation of businesses is a fundamental strategic step to increase companies' competitive advantage and profits. Nevertheless, even though internationalisation is widely accepted as an important source of value for companies and is a broad object of investigation, there is still much to study about how to measure experience at the level of international business. The absence of a coherent approach to measure experience in international businesses in past empirical studies made it difficult to create a solution with theoretical concepts that would support further studies in this matter. The results are not contradictory, but complementary, as, through individual internationalization indicators, it is possible to evolve and create indices, such as the Transnationality Index or the Transnational Activities Spread Index. The biggest constraint on the analysed indices is the fact that they focus mainly on the internationalisation of transnational companies and the type of data that was used to build the indexes (secondary data). However, by studying international experience through the number of years and the network spread, it is possible to overcome some of the existing challenges.
The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and the Congruence of Desired and Perceived Job Attributes: An Exploratory Study of IT Professionals
Authors: Mihalca Loredana
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether employee job satisfaction is associated with the congruence between desired and perceived job attributes. The desired and perceived levels of 30 job attributes were measured on employees from a large Information Technology (IT) company based in Romania. Results indicate that employees who experience congruence between desired and perceived job attributes have higher levels of overall job satisfaction, confirming the assumptions of the value congruence theory. In addition, the results of this study show that employee job satisfaction is associated with both intrinsic and extrinsic factors i.e., job attributes. This indicates that extrinsic factors can also be a source of job satisfaction, the same as intrinsic factors, which is contrary to what Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory assumes.
Internal Rate of Return on Investment in Higher Education in Europe
Authors: Jablonowski Janusz
Published: September 2021

The study aims to update the well-settled issue in literature of rate of return on investment in higher education in Europe. The proposed approach slightly modifies the existing methodology based on the Mincer equation, using an updated set of data for the period 2014–2016 from the European Central Bank's ‘Household Finance and Consumption Survey’. The results obtained, ranging between 13% and 21%, are higher compared to historical records for the years 1996–2013. As for the microeconometric estimates of the Mincer-type equation, they are sound and comparable, although showing higher margins in relation to the recent figures. Thus, they may suggest an increasing trend in valuation and importance of human capital based on high school degree, especially for the Central–Eastern European Union countries, resulting probably from rapid economic and cultural convergence.
Moleculary imprinted micro- and nanoparticles for cancer associated glycan motifs
Authors:   , Mavliutova Liliia
Published: September 2021

Sialic acids are an important family of monosaccharides that are typically found as terminal moieties of glycans. Aberrant sialylation has been proven to correlate with various diseases including cancer. Glycosylation analysis is complex due to high diversityof the glycan isomers and their low abundance. Antibodies and lectins are commonly used in glycan purification and enrichment. However, high cost, poor availability, and limitation in storage/testing conditions hinders their application on a broader scale. This thesis is focused on the development of alternative glycan specific receptors with their potential applications in glycomics and cell imaging. The underlying technique for producing the synthetic receptors is molecular imprinting. Highly complementary binding sites are formed by fixing pre-ordered template/functional monomer complexes into a highly crosslinked polymer matrix. Fundamental investigation of this intermolecular imprinting approach in the imprinting of glycosylated targets is reported here. The core of this study focuses on the elucidation of relative contribution of orthogonally interacting functional monomers, their structural tuning and the importance of monomer, solvent and counterion choice on the imprinting. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are developed as particles of different sizes for glycan/glycopeptide enrichment applications or combined with fluorescent reportergroups for use as glycan imaging nanolabels. Special attention is given to the improvement of sialic acid MIP selectivities toward particular structures associated with cancer biomarkers. Development of MIPs against such complex targets includes design of linkage selective MIPs with comprehensive studies of the affinities and selectivities of the final glycan specific materials.
KAMPUNG VERTIKAL SEBAGAI STRATEGI URBAN RENEWAL DI KAMPUNG LUMUMBA, SURABAYA
Authors: Ramadhani Annisa Nur
Published: September 2021

Kampung is a settlement that have unique characteristic both in physical and socio-cultural condition. Kampung development process tends to be natural and non-formal, but mainly have faced the environmental degradation and lack of facilities. This forced the government to have some intervention in developing kampung housing by perform an urban renewal. Due to the problem of scarcity of land, urban renewal strategy of kampung has to be developed vertically. This also consider the social context that the rearrangement of kampung area is not done by relocating the local residents, but rearranging the original area to improve the community through environmental, social and economic quality improvement.
ВПЛИВ АГРОПРОМИСЛОВИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ НА РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ
Authors: Rasskazov Oleg
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the issues of determining the impact and role of agro-industrial production on the development of rural areas, taking into account the rational and effective use of their potential to enhance their functioning and development. The conducted research showed that there was no strategy for the development of the above-mentioned processes and the lack of use of the opportunities created by the united territorial communities, which today received the prospects of a real impact on the activities of agricultural production. Therefore, it is suggested that in developing the concept of strategic development of this sphere of economy, to lay down strategies for integrated, sustainable and inclusive development on the basis of thorough research of the baseline provisions and basic scientific developments of national and foreign scientists on the subject. The key methodological provisions that should be the basis for the development of the agro-industrial development strategy are highlighted.
THE CONCEPT OF LENIENCY IN REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Koevski Goran , Tushevska Gavrilovikj Borka , Spasevki Darko
Published: September 2021

The concept of "leniency" in competition law, or better known as the "leniency programme", has proven to be an extremely important instrument in fighting unfair competition. In the Republic of Northern Macedonia (hereinafter RNM), this concept of suppressing or reducing unfair competition, more or less, exists solely as a law conception. Nowadays, when the EU discusses the impact of the global crisis and the Coronavirus pandemic on the level of utilization of ”leniency programme", this concept is still unknown or not a well-known concept for business sector in RNM. The main focus of this article is “leniency programme” in RNM. The key questions that we aim to answer here, are: whether and to what extent this instrument is predicted in Macedonian competition law? Is it predicted only as a law category, or it has practical implications too? Although this research refers to RNM, we strongly believe that a thorough study of “leniency” requires exploration of European conception of “leniency” too. For that purpose, we use relevant EU legislation, as well as practice. Thus, our main goal is to consider the position of RNM towards “leniency” and bring into relation to the Macedonian competition law. We base our hypothetical framework on the assumption that the applicability of “leniency programme” in RNM is at the lowest level. Furthermore, that the undertakings are not interested in applying “leniency”. This situation is partly due to the lack of information, the complexity of the application procedure, as well as other factors that are related not only to the attitude of the executive of undertakings, but more to the general economic circumstances, economic development, the market size of goods and services, etc. Using the analytical-descriptive method, the comparative method, and the method of analysis and synthesis, we’ll elaborate the situation in RNM regarding this issue, and we will present our views considering the questions: whether certain measures should be taken regarding „leniency program“, and what should be done to boost the use of this program in the Macedonian business sector.
FTC V. FACEBOOK OR BREAKING UP DOMINANT DIGITAL PLATFORMS IN THE TIME OF COVID-19: MOTIVES, RATIONALE, AND POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVES FROM A COMPETITION LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Begović Boris , Ilić Nikola
Published: September 2021

The Federal Trade Commission of the United States (FTC) filed a Complaint against Facebook on 9th December 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 crisis. While facing one of the biggest social and economic crises in American history, FTC has enough time and resources to (re)investigate Facebook’s acquisitions of Instagram and WhatsApp. This paper analyses motives and rationale behind the FTC’s Complaint requesting Facebook’s break-up and what could be possible alternatives from a competition law perspective. All the findings suggest that the FTC’s Complaint is politically motivated, and the competition authorities should enable digital platforms to expand. However, the expansion should be controlled, to ensure that the benefits for consumers are not undermined by relatively slower (not diversified) technological development.