bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioprospecting of Selected Species of Polypore Fungi from the Western Balkans
Authors: Kozarski Maja , Klaus Anita , Špirović-Trifunović Bojana , Miletić Srdjan , Lazić Vesna , Žižak Željko , Vunduk Jovana
Published: January 2024

Growing mushrooms means meeting challenges while aiming for sustainability and circularity. Wherever the producer is located, commercial strains are the same originating from several producers. Customized strains adapted to local conditions are urgently needed. Before introducing new species to the strain development pipeline, the chemical characterization and biological activity of wild ones need to be assessed. Accordingly, the mycoceutical potential of five polypore mushroom species from Serbia was evaluated including: secondary metabolite composition, oxidative damage prevention, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). The phenolic pattern was comparable in all samples, but the amounts of specific chemicals varied. Hydroxybenzoic acids were the primary components. All samples had varying quantities of ascorbic acid, carotene, and lycopene, and showed a pronounced inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LPx) and ability to scavenge HO•. Extracts were more potent tyrosinase inhibitors but unsuccessful when faced with ACE. Fomitopsis pinicola had the strongest anti-tumor efficacy while Ganoderma lucidum demonstrated strong selectivity in anti-tumor effect in comparison to normal cells. The evaluated species provided a solid foundation for commercial development while keeping local ecology in mind.
Using Hierarchically Structured, Nanoporous Particles as Building Blocks for NCM111 Cathodes
Authors: Bauer Werner , Müller Marcus , Schneider Luca , Häringer Marcel , Bohn Nicole , Binder Joachim R. , Klemens Julian , Scharfer Philip , Schabel Wilhelm , Ehrenberg Helmut
Published: January 2024

Nanoparticles have many advantages as active materials, such as a short diffusion length, low charge transfer resistance, or a reduced probability of cracking. However, their low packing density makes them unsuitable for commercial battery applications. Hierarchically structured microparticles are synthesized from nanoscale primary particles by targeted aggregation. Due to their open accessible porosity, they retain the advantages of nanomaterials but can be packed much more densely. However, the intrinsic porosity of the secondary particles leads to limitations in processing properties and increases the overall porosity of the electrode, which must be balanced against the improved rate stability and increased lifetime. This is demonstrated for an established cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LiNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2, NCM111). For active materials with low electrical or ionic conductivity, especially post-lithium systems, hierarchically structured particles are often the only way to produce competitive electrodes.
Antimicrobial Activity of Two Different Types of Silver Nanoparticles against Wide Range of Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Holubnycha Viktoriia , Husak Yevheniia , Korniienko Viktoriia , Bolshanina Svetlana , Tveresovska Olesia , Myronov Petro , Holubnycha Marharyta , Butsyk Anna , Borén Thomas , Banasiuk Rafal , Ramanavicius Arunas , Pogorielov Maksym
Published: January 2024

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly the most hazardous pathogens, namely Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. (ESKAPE)-pathogens pose a significant threat to global health. Current antimicrobial therapies, including those targeting biofilms, have shown limited effectiveness against these superbugs. Nanoparticles, specifically silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have emerged as a promising alternative for combating bacterial infections. In this study, two types of AgNPs with different physic-chemical properties were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against clinical ESKAPE strains. Two types of silver nanoparticles were assessed: spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-1) and cubic-shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-2). AgNPs-2, characterized by a cubic shape and higher surface-area-to-volume ratio, exhibited superior antimicrobial activity compared to spherical AgNPs-1. Both types of AgNPs demonstrated the ability to inhibit biofilm formation and disrupt established biofilms, leading to membrane damage and reduced viability of the bacteria. These findings highlight the potential of AgNPs as effective antibacterial agents against ESKAPE pathogens, emphasizing the importance of nanoparticle characteristics in determining their antimicrobial properties. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and optimize nanoparticle-based therapies for the management of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
CO2 Storage Monitoring via Time-Lapse Full Waveform Inversion with Automatic Differentiation
Authors: Yang Jixin , Yu Pengliang , Wang Suran , Sun Zheng
Published: January 2024

In the field of CO2 capture utilization and storage (CCUS), recent advancements in active-source monitoring have significantly enhanced the capabilities of time-lapse acoustical imaging, facilitating continuous capture of detailed physical parameter images from acoustic signals. Central to these advancements is time-lapse full waveform inversion (TLFWI), which is increasingly recognized for its ability to extract high-resolution images from active-source datasets. However, conventional TLFWI methodologies, which are reliant on gradient optimization, face a significant challenge due to the need for complex, explicit formulation of the physical model gradient relative to the misfit function between observed and predicted data over time. Addressing this limitation, our study introduces automatic differentiation (AD) into the TLFWI process, utilizing deep learning frameworks such as PyTorch to automate gradient calculation using the chain rule. This novel approach, AD-TLFWI, not only streamlines the inversion of time-lapse images for CO2 monitoring but also tackles the issue of local minima commonly encountered in deep learning optimizers. The effectiveness of AD-TLFWI was validated using a realistic model from the Frio-II CO2 injection site, where it successfully produced high-resolution images that demonstrate significant changes in velocity due to CO2 injection. This advancement in TLFWI methodology, underpinned by the integration of AD, represents a pivotal development in active-source monitoring systems, enhancing information extraction capabilities and providing potential solutions to complex multiphysics monitoring challenges.
Reconfigurable Microwave Multi-Beamforming Based on Optical Switching and Distributing Network
Authors: Lin Yue , Jiang Di , Chen Yuan , Li Xiang , Qiu Qi
Published: January 2024

Optical beamforming in microwave photonics is promising for supporting broadband wireless communications. However, the current optical beamforming lacks freedom because of the fixed connection between radio frequency (RF) signal and antenna elements (AEs). This manuscript tackles this challenge by proposing a dynamical optical beamforming architecture that reconfigures the antenna subarray for signal transmission depending on the number of signals to be transmitted. The proposed architecture employs an optical switching and distributing network (SDN) to realize a flexible connection between signals and AEs. An instance of the proposed architecture in photonic integrated circuits, which enables three working modes and transmits four RF signals through sixteen AEs, was presented and numerically simulated. The optical field distribution and beam pattern plots illustrated the operational principle and validated the feasibility of the proposed SDN architecture. Furthermore, the impact of the introduced architecture on the signal amplitude–phase consistency and the comparison of the proposed dynamic architecture and conventional fixe architectures are analyzed and discussed. The results indicate that the proposed architecture exhibits variable beamforming gain with lower hardware complexity.
Investigation of Multiple High Quality-Factor Fano Resonances in Asymmetric Nanopillar Arrays for Optical Sensing
Authors: Chen Huawei , Fan Xinye , Fang Wenjing , Cao Shuangshuang , Sun Qinghe , Wang Dandan , Niu Huijuan , Li Chuanchuan , Wei Xin , Bai Chenglin , Kumar Santosh
Published: January 2024

A novel asymmetric all-dielectric metasurface supporting multiple Fano resonances with high quality-factor through the excitation of quasi-bound states in the continuum is theoretically investigated. It is demonstrated that two resonances in the near-infrared wavelength are excited by the symmetry-protected bound state in the continuum, which can be transformed into the electric dipole and the toroidal dipole quasi-BIC resonance with high quality-factor by breaking the symmetry of metasurface. Moreover, the sensing properties based on different liquid refractive indexes are researched theoretically. The results show that the maximum quality-factor of the Fano resonance peak is 8422, and the sensitivity can reach 402 nm/RIU, with a maximum figure of merit of 2400 RIU−1. This research is believed to further promote the development of optical sensing and nonlinear optics.
Metabolomics Reveals Rubiadin Accumulation and the Effects of Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation in Damnacanthus major Calli
Authors: Hyeon Hyejin , Jang Eun Bi , Kim Sung Chun , Yoon Seon-A , Go Boram , Lee Jong-Du , Hyun Ho Bong , Ham Young-Min
Published: January 2024

Callus suspension techniques have been considered attractive for improving bioactive metabolite productivity; methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a widely used elicitor for stimulating synthetic pathways. In this study, a multivariate analysis-based metabolomics approach was employed to investigate the primary and specialized metabolites in the leaves, unelicited calli, and 100 or 200 μM MeJA elicited calli of Damnacanthus major. Rubiadin, a powerful anthraquinone with various therapeutic properties, was only identified in D. major calli, accumulating in a MeJA elicitation concentration-dependent manner. Callus cultures also contained high levels of amino acids, sugars, and phenolic compounds, indicating energy metabolism and metabolic adaptation responses for proliferation and stabilization. Regarding MeJA application, elicited calli contained higher amounts of quinic acid, kaempferol, and glucose with lower amounts of sucrose and raffinose than those in the unelicited control, which were closely related to protective mechanisms against MeJA. Moreover, excessive elicitation increased the asparagine, fructose, and raffinose levels and decreased the glucose and sucrose levels, which was ascribed to increased activation of the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway and wider utilization of glucose than of fructose after sucrose degradation. These results will be useful for optimizing plant cell culture techniques to achieve high production rates for valuable specialized metabolites.
Growth and Physiological Responses of Magnoliaceae to NaCl Stress
Authors: Zhao Xiuting , Tian Ling , Zhu Zhonglong , Sang Ziyang , Ma Lvyi , Jia Zhongkui
Published: January 2024

The growth and physiological characteristics of four Magnoliaceae plants (Yulania biondii, Yulania denudata, and two varieties of Magnolia wufengensis (Jiaohong 1 and Jiaohong 2)) were investigated. Four Magnoliaceae plants were subjected to various concentrations of NaCl for 60 days: 0 mM, 60 mM, 120 mM, 180 mM, and 240 mM. The leaf water content (LWC), relative growth rate of plant height and stem diameter, photosynthetic pigments, and photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased during the NaCl treatments, indicating slowed growth and photosynthesis. Malondialdehyde (MDA), Na+, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, ascorbic acid (AsA) content, and soluble sugar content all increased while K+ decreased. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, glutathione (GSH), soluble protein, and proline first increased after decreasing with increasing NaCl concentration. Principal component 1 (PC1) had larger loading values for growth and photosynthesis indices, while principal component 2 (PC2) exhibited larger loading values for antioxidant substances and osmotic adjustment substances; the correlation analysis showed that PC1 and PC2 had negative correlations. The four Magnoliaceae plants exhibited largely variable growth and physiological activities in response to NaCl. Yulania denudata exhibited greater reductions in growth and photosynthesis and greater decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic adjustment substances, which indicated poor tolerance to salt stress. Among the four Magnoliaceae plants, Jiaohong 1 exhibited the greatest salt tolerance, followed by Jiaohong 2, Yulania biondii, and Yulania denudata.
The Identification and Expression Analysis of the Liriodendron chinense F-Box Gene Family
Authors: He Shichan , Xu Lin , Wu Weihuang , Zhang Jiaji , Hao Zhaodong , Lu Lu , Shi Jisen , Chen Jinhui
Published: January 2024

The F-box gene family is one of the largest gene families in plants, and it plays a crucial role in regulating plant development, reproduction, cellular protein degradation, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite their significance, a comprehensive analysis of the F-box gene family in Liriodendron chinense and other magnoliaceae species has not been reported. In this study, we report for the first time the identification of 144 full-length F-box genes in L. chinense. Based on specific domains and phylogenetic analyses, these genes were divided into 10 distinct subfamilies. We further analyzed their gene structure, conserved domain and chromosome distribution, genome-wide replication events, and collinearity. Additionally, based on GO analysis, we found that F-box genes exhibit functional specificity, with a significant proportion of them being involved in protein binding (GO:0005515), suggesting that F-box genes may play an important role in gene regulation in L. chinense. Transcriptome data and q-PCR results also showed that F-box genes are involved in the development of multiple tissues in L. chinense, regulate the somatic embryogenesis of Liriodendron hybrids, and play a pivotal role in abiotic stress. Altogether, these findings provide a foundation for understanding the biological function of F-box genes in L. chinense and other plant species.
Soil Phytomining: Recent Developments—A Review
Authors: Kikis Christos , Thalassinos Georgios , Antoniadis Vasileios
Published: January 2024

Phytomining (PM) is defined as the process of using plants capable of bio-extracting metals from soil in order to explore them economically. This relatively new, innovative method has been gathering significant attention in both the academic and commercial domains. Conventional mining methods are often economically unviable when applied to lean ores, and they can lead to secondary pollution in soil—a situation that applies to all excavated metals. On the other hand, PM is an environmentally friendly and economically viable solution that addresses the growing demands for metal resources, while simultaneously contributing to energy production by harnessing biomass energy. This comprehensive review presents the current PM techniques, challenges, and the hyperaccumulator plant species that may be used for the extraction of the main targeted elements in the process. Typically, the targeted metals are those of economic value, which can later be deposited or sold to various industries. This review also analyzes the factors influencing the economic viability of PM and proposes potential enhancements. Undeniably, PM offers the opportunity for economically sustainable exploration of metal-rich soils, but its full commercial viability remains constrained under current conditions as scientists are actively searching for the identification and utilization of new hyperaccumulator plant species in different locations worldwide, while creating new relationships and business avenues within the mining industry. Overall, this review highlights the current status of PM technology and the plants used, emphasizing the need for further research to enhance its commercial implementation and its potential to assist the mining industry. We conclude that PM, although a relatively new and unexplored concept, may provide economic and environmental benefits to soil end-users and managers who must cultivate on metal-contaminated soils as PM may turn yield shortages (of specific commercial crops) to benefits if high-yield hyperaccumulators are cultivated for industrial valorization of their high metal-content biomass.
Emerging Contaminants: An Emerging Risk Factor for Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Niu Huixia , Xu Manjin , Tu Pengcheng , Xu Yunfeng , Li Xueqing , Xing Mingluan , Chen Zhijian , Wang Xiaofeng , Lou Xiaoming , Wu Lizhi , Sun Shengzhi
Published: January 2024

Emerging contaminants have been increasingly recognized as critical determinants in global public health outcomes. However, the intricate relationship between these contaminants and glucose metabolism remains to be fully elucidated. The paucity of comprehensive clinical data, coupled with the need for in-depth mechanistic investigations, underscores the urgency to decipher the precise molecular and cellular pathways through which these contaminants potentially mediate the initiation and progression of diabetes mellitus. A profound understanding of the epidemiological impact of these emerging contaminants, as well as the elucidation of the underlying mechanistic pathways, is indispensable for the formulation of evidence-based policy and preventive interventions. This review systematically aggregates contemporary findings from epidemiological investigations and delves into the mechanistic correlates that tether exposure to emerging contaminants, including endocrine disruptors, perfluorinated compounds, microplastics, and antibiotics, to glycemic dysregulation. A nuanced exploration is undertaken focusing on potential dietary sources and the consequential role of the gut microbiome in their toxic effects. This review endeavors to provide a foundational reference for future investigations into the complex interplay between emerging contaminants and diabetes mellitus.
Ecological Risks of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Early Life Stages of Obscure Puffer (Takifugu obscurus)
Authors: Tang Shengkai , Wang Jun , Zhu Xuexia , Shen Dongdong
Published: January 2024

Nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) are extensively used in various applications, and their widespread use leads to their environmental presence, particularly in wastewater treatment plant effluents, rivers, and soil. This study focuses on the obscure puffer, Takifugu obscurus, an economically important fish in China, aiming to assess the toxic effects of ZnO NPs on its early life stages, emphasizing the need for understanding the ecological implications of ZnO NP exposure in aquatic environments. Exposure during the hatching stage resulted in a significant decrease in hatching rates, with embryos displaying surface coating at higher ZnO NP concentrations. Newly hatched larvae experienced deformities, and post-hatching exposure led to pronounced reductions in survival rates, particularly with higher ZnO NP concentrations. Two-month-old juveniles exposed to increasing ZnO NP concentrations exhibited a consistent decline in survival rates, emphasizing concentration-dependent adverse effects. Biochemical analyses revealed elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in various tissues, indicating oxidative stress. This study underscores the ecological risks of ZnO NP contamination in aquatic environments, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of nanoparticle exposure in aquatic ecosystems.
Time-Sensitive Network Simulation for In-Vehicle Ethernet Using SARSA Algorithm
Authors: Huang Chen , Wang Yiqi , Zhang Yuxin
Published: January 2024

In order to more accurately analyze the problem of time delay simulation and calculation in the time-sensitive network (TSN) of vehicular Ethernet, a TSN reservation class data delay analysis model improved based on the State–Action–Reward–State–Action (SARSA) reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the TSN data queue forwarding delay model and reservation class data delay analysis intelligent body model are established, then the TSN traffic scheduling mechanism is improved by the SARSA reinforcement learning algorithm, and the improved TSN network reservation class data analysis model is established for the uncertainty of traffic scheduling in the network; finally, the fitting performance of the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental validation. The results show that the deviation between the two is less than 5% under different BE loads, i.e., the established reservation class data delay analysis model is able to correctly fit the scheduling mechanism of the vehicle-mounted TSN network, which proves the reasonableness of the model simulation.
Subcooled Liquid Hydrogen Technology for Heavy-Duty Trucks
Authors: Pizzutilo Enrico , Acher Thomas , Reuter Benjamin , Will Christian , Schäfer Simon
Published: January 2024

Subcooled liquid hydrogen (sLH2) is an onboard storage, as well as a hydrogen refueling technology that is currently being developed by Daimler Truck and Linde to boost the mileage of heavy-duty trucks, while also improving performance and reducing the complexity of hydrogen refueling stations. In this article, the key technical aspects, advantages, challenges and future developments of sLH2 at vehicle and infrastructure levels will be explored and highlighted.
Soporte familiar en el tratamiento en pacientes con tuberculosis del Hospital Carlos Monge de Juliaca
Authors: Maquera Yuselino , Dávila Cayo Deyssi Mayumi , Zúñiga Vásquez María Emma , Meneses Cariapaza Luz María , Quispe Arapa Victoria Delfina
Published: January 2024

La tuberculosis (TBC) se convirtió en un problema de salud pública, incrementándose en los últimos años en Perú con 17 mil casos, los factores que afectan son por el diagnóstico y el incumplimiento terapéutico de los pacientes. Un paciente que tenga TBC, requiere de un proceso de servicio hospitalario y se busca una estabilidad física y emocional en aras de una mejora de la calidad de vida, es allí donde la familia juega un papel trascendental en la recuperación del paciente. Objetivo. Determinar la influencia del soporte familiar en el proceso de adaptación al tratamiento en pacientes con tuberculosis. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se encuentra enmarcada dentro del enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básica, de nivel explicativo, diseño no experimental de corte transaccional y de método hipotético-deductivo. Asimismo, la población fue universal de 40 pacientes, para la recolección de información se utilizó el cuestionario estructurado de tipo escala likert, la cual fue comprobada con el análisis no paramétrico, por medio del chi cuadrado. Resultados. Muestran que el soporte familiar influye significativamente en el proceso de adaptación al tratamiento en pacientes con TBC, ya que se detalla el valor de chi cuadrado y chi tabulada:  C (28,619) >  T. (5.991) con dos grados de libertad, y con un nivel de significancia de (0.000). Conclusiones. El proceso de soporte familiar influye en los tipos de TBC, siendo el proceso de soporte familiar sustancial para contribuir al tratamiento de los pacientes con TBC, no obstante, influye en los tipos de TBC de los pacientes, es por ello que si no se brinda un buen soporte familiar el paciente deja al lado el tratamiento y la enfermedad avanzaría e incluso cambiaria de tipo.
Terapias de estimulación visual y rendimiento académico de niños de primer año de Educación Básica
Authors: Gallegos Murillo Mónica del Rocío , Ríos Quiñónez María Belén
Published: January 2024

La terapia visual como tratamiento de estimulación neurofisiológica, permite el desarrollo y mejoría de las habilidades visuales; mismas que inciden de manera directa en el aprendizaje y la lectura. Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto de las terapias de estimulación visual en el rendimiento académico en niños de primer año de básica de una unidad educativa privada en Quito-Ecuador. Materiales y métodos. La investigación fue descriptiva, modalidad de intervención educativa, con alcance explicativo causal y longitudinal. Se trabajó con una muestra intencional conformada por 32 estudiantes de 5 años cumplidos, ambos sexos biológicos, que asistían a clases presenciales, no recibían terapias visuales y, contaban con el consentimiento de los padres. Un profesional especialista en salud visual ejecutó la investigación en tres fases: 1) diagnóstica: medición de las variables como pre–test; 2) aplicación de estrategias: con el despliegue del programa por seis meses para trabajar la estimulación de habilidades visuo-perceptuales y; 3) evaluación del programa tras la intervención de las variables como post - test. Resultados. Tras las terapias, el 97% de la población tuvo un impacto positivo de +60, el porcentaje de agudeza visual inferior se redujo al 0%, incrementó la agudeza visual óptima en OD (43%) y OI (47%), la estereopsis mejoró en un 84% de sujetos, las habilidades visuo-perceptuales fueron aceptables y se mejoró el rendimiento escolar. Conclusiones. Se pudo evidenciar que la estimulación de habilidades visuales a través de terapias específicas, en edades tempranas, es importante y necesaria para evitar problemas futuros en el aprendizaje.
Programa de atención de vacunación contra el COVID-19 al personal del hospital de Huaycán
Authors: Morales Alicia Nelly
Published: January 2024

A la fecha las vacunas para prevenir el COVID-19, representan la mejor esperanza para combatir el virus, además que éstas constituyeron un reto en la cadena de participación de reparto y distribución para las autoridades estatales en Perú, con respecto a priorizar dentro de la ciudadanía la adecuada administración por parte de quienes participaron en el proceso de vacunación. Objetivo. Analizar la gestión de la distribución y aplicación de la vacuna contra el COVID-19 en el Hospital de Huaycán. Materiales y Métodos. Se diseñó un estudio no experimental, de nivel aplicativo de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo de análisis descriptivo de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 700 profesionales que laboran en dicho hospital. Las técnicas que fueron utilizadas fue la entrevista y la encuesta usando como instrumento un formulario de tipo cuestionario. Resultados. En cuanto a las medidas de prevención del virus en el personal de salud se realizaban pruebas diagnósticas a los trabajadores (pruebas rápidas y PCR) para identificar los casos sospechosos a un total de 2590 trabajadores, de los cuales 2372 se les realizó pruebas rápidas y 218 hisopados. En cuanto al nivel de ejecución de la vacunación se pudo determinar que totalidad de los trabajadores del Hospital de Huaycán, no alcanzaron a estar vacunados en el tiempo de aplicación de vacuna. Conclusiones. La gestión de la distribución y aplicación de la vacuna contra el COVID-19 en el Hospital de Huaycán revela una serie de aspectos tanto positivos como preocupantes. Si bien se observan indicadores de gestión adecuados en la administración de la vacuna, es evidente que la cobertura no ha alcanzado el 100%, lo cual implica retos en términos de alcance y eficacia de la inmunización en la población hospitalaria.
Desnutrición crónica infantil en Perú: Avances y perspectivas
Authors: Huaylinos Antezana Marlene Inés
Published: January 2024

La desnutrición crónica se constituye en un problema de salud pública que afecta el bienestar de la población infantil. Objetivo. Analizar la situación de la desnutrición crónica y anemia infantil en Perú y las intervenciones de los programas sociales. Materiales y Métodos. Fue un estudio descriptivo cualitativo, de diseño de análisis de contenido. En la recolección de datos la técnica utilizada fue el análisis de documentos, el instrumento fue la matriz de análisis de documento y datos (MDD). Resultados. La desnutrición crónica desde el año 2007 hasta el 2022 ha mostrado un comportamiento de reducción favorable de 28.5% a 11.7%. Y la anemia desde el año 2007 hasta el año 2021 hubo una reducción de 56.8 % a 38.8%, y en el año 2022 fue de 42.4%. En la zona rural se encontró en 51.5%. Conclusiones. La situación de la desnutrición crónica y anemia infantil en Perú disminuyó en 11.7% al año 2022. Siendo la zona rural la más afectada. Los departamentos de Huancavelica, Loreto y Cajamarca ocupan los más altos porcentajes. El porcentaje de la anemia fue 42.4%, y la zona rural supera el 50%; encontrándose con mayor porcentaje los departamentos de Puno, Ucayali, Huancavelica y Loreto. Ello se afirma como problemas latentes y forma parte de los indicadores de la ODS. La intervención de los programas sociales a través de programas nutricionales ha tenido un financiamiento sostenido. Sin embargo, expertos evaluaron el programa chispitas, suplementación con hierro mostrando que no hay un efecto en la disminución de la desnutrición y anemia.
Insuficiencia cardíaca crónica problema de salud pública y la gestión sanitaria en hospital general, Nicaragua
Authors: Ambota López Ervin , Padilla Raygoza Nicolas , Zapata Calvo Neidys
Published: January 2024

El sistema de atención de salud en Nicaragua se basa en el Programa de Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles, demuestra beneficio clínico en personas de alto riesgo, pero en el caso de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca severa (ICC) no se llegan a reducir los ingresos, reingresos hospitalarios y mortalidad. Objetivo. Proponer un modelo de gestión de atención integral dirigido a pacientes con ICC de un hospital general en Nicaragua. Materiales y métodos. Fue un estudio observacional prospectivo, la muestra fue de 289 pacientes con ICC, seleccionados de manera probabilística aleatoria simple; aceptaron participar bajo su consentimiento. La propuesta de gestión consistió evaluar durante un año descriptores demográficos y clínicos, indicadores de calidad, predictores primordiales de calidad de vida, eficiencia educativa. Para la recolección de datos se aplicaron las encuestas Escala Europea de Autocuidado (EEAC) y el Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Resultados. La suma total de EEAC basal fue de 49.1 y el control 19.1 puntos, representando un bajo autocuidado en los pacientes. El sumario general del KCCQ basal fue de 86.84 y el control 30.84 puntos, representando resultados estadísticamente significativos, al 5% de la prueba de Wilcoxon, para todas las dimensiones del cuestionario asociado a la calidad de vida. Conclusiones. La gestión sanitaria en pacientes con ICC, basado en una atención integral, hospital y atención primaria, con seguimiento a través de visitas en los hogares, educación-autocuidado reducen los ingresos, reingresos y visitas a área de urgencias durante el primer el año de diagnósticos con el seguimiento por consulta externa a las comorbilidades.
Displasia fibrosa maxilar. Del diagnóstico al tratamiento. Reporte de caso
Authors: Córdova Carla , Briceño Jorge , Quintero Jennifer , Velásquez Aransa , Castellanos María , López Braulio
Published: January 2024

La displasia fibrosa se puede presentar, en cualquier persona, por una mutación en los primeros meses de gestación. Se trata de lesiones óseas benignas en pacientes jóvenes, en las que el tejido óseo normal es sustituido por tejido conectivo fibroso, debido a una alteración funcional de las células, siendo esta la antesala de una neoplasia. El objetivo de éste artículo es presentar un caso local de Displasia Fibrosa Maxilar, enfatizando el manejo clínico, radiográfico, pre y postoperatorio más pertinente. Por lo tanto, se describe el caso de un paciente adolescente de género masculino, afectado por displasia fibrosa en hemimaxilar derecho, a quien le fueron realizados los estudios imagenológicos e histopatológicos necesarios para obtener el diagnóstico definitivo y decidir el abordaje menos invasivo posible cumpliendo con estándares de estética facial; se realizó abordaje intrabucal para shaving óseo, con sedación consciente bajo estricta vigilancia de la especialista en anestesiología y reanimación. Una vez logrado el contorno deseado mediante el uso de piezas de mano de alta y baja velocidad, se realizó la sutura de los tejidos y el paciente egresó ambulante y con buen estado general de salud.
Analysis of previous questions related to subject pedagogy of the emplyment exam for secondary school teachers in the ‘Technology’ subject: Focusing on the school year 2014 to 2024
Authors:   Korean Technology Education Association, KIM Sung-ae
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze previous questions related to the employment exam for technology teachers in secondary schools. To achieve this, we collected and analyzed subject pedagogy-related questions from employment exams conducted from the 2014 to 2024 school years, after the multiple-choice test was abolished. The results of the study are as follows: First, in analyzing the number of questions, there were 4 to 5 questions related to subject pedagogy before the essay-type test was abolished and 6 to 7 questions after its abolition. In terms of item distribution, 26.93% of the total distribution of subject pedagogy-related questions occurred before the essay-type test was abolished, and 27.50% occurred after its abolition. Second, in analyzing the composition of the evaluation area and contet elements, the area with the highest frequency of questions was the ‘technology curriculum.’ and the content elements with the highest frequency of questions were the ‘current technology curriculum’ (15.60%) and ‘technology subject teaching and learning methodology’ (15.06%). Since 2014, two evaluation areas and ten evaluation content elements have had zero frequency of questions. Third, in analyzing the topics of teaching and learning activities appearing in questions related to subject pedagogy, the most frequently included subject content studies were the elements of evaluation for solving common invention problems with engineering technology. Since 2014, only once each of life technology and information and communication technology has been included. Based on these findings, improvement measures were proposed, such as reorganizing the number and allocation of questions, balancing questions across evaluation areas and content elements, and reorganizing evaluation areas and content elements based on field technical education.
The Effects of Internalized Shame and Distress Tolerance on Non-Suicidal Self-injury in Adolesents: The Moderated Mediation Effect of Avoidant-Distractive Emotion Regulation Style
Authors:   THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF EDUCATIONAL THERAPY, Choi Mi-Ryang , Lee Ja-Young
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of adolescents' internalized shame, distress tolerance, and avoidant-distractive emotion regulation style on non-suicidal self-injury. This study participated 415 male and female teenagers with non-suicidal self-injury experience attending six middle and high schools in Gwangju. It was found that the mediating effect of distress tolerance was significant in the path of internalized shame toward non-suicidal self-injury. It was found that the moderated mediation effects of the avoidant-distractive emotion regulation on the path of non-suicidal self-injury through distress tolerance was significant. These results suggest that in order to prevent adolescents with high internalized shame from engaging in non-suicidal self-harm, it is important to increase their pain tolerance and enable them to have a healthy emotion regulation style instead of habitually choosing an avoidant emotion regulation style.
Analisis Perbandingan Bahan Bakar Biosolar dan Dexlite terhadap Performansi Generator Set Tipe Cummins 60 kVA
Authors: Tambunan Christina Natalia , Gantina Tina , Manunggal Bambang
Published: January 2024

Perkembangan bahan bakar pada mesin sangat berpengaruh pada performansi mesin diesel sehingga perbaikan terhadap kualitas bahan bakar pastinya terjadi dari waktu ke waktu. Mesin diesel pada mulanya hanya menggunakan bahan bakar solar. Namun, saat ini sudah berkembang dan kini tersedia jenis bahan bakar lainnya. Dua diantaranya yaitu Biosolar dan Dexlite. Biosolar merupakan campuran solar dengan minyak nabati yang diperoleh dari minyak kelapa sawit atau crude palm oil (CPO). Biosolar memiliki sifat fisis yang sama seperti minyak solar sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar solar untuk mesin diesel. Sedangkan Dexlite merupakan bahan bakar minyak terbaru pertamina untuk kendaraan bermesin diesel di Indonesia dan merupakan varian baru bagi konsumen yang menginginkan BBM dengan kualitas diatas solar biasa (bersubsidi). Maka dari itu dilakukan pengujian untuk kedua jenis bahan bakar tersebut pada mesin Generator Set Tipe Cummins 48 kW. Proses pengujian bahan bakar ini dilakukan secara bergantian dengan parameter yang diambil yaitu data putaran, arus, tegangan, cos φ, frekuensi, dan waktu konsumsi bahan bakar. Hasil pengujian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Dexlite pada beban maksimum memiliki nilai efisiensi yang lebih tinggi yaitu sebesar 32,6704% dengan nilai Rp/kWh sebesar Rp4.147,1/kWh dan untuk membangkitkan daya sebesar 18,1646 kW maka konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 0,291 L/kWh. Sedangkan Biosolar pada beban maksimum memiliki nilai efisiensi yang lebih rendah yaitu sebesar 29,0359% dengan nilai Rp/kWh sebesar Rp3.935,28/kWh dan untuk membangkitkan daya sebesar 17,2077 kW maka konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 0,3363 L/kWh. Hal ini tentunya dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik bahan bakar yang berbeda, dimana nilai kalor dan cetane number yang terkandung pada Dexlite lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan Biosolar.    

Kata kunci : karakteristik bahan bakar, biosolar, dexlite, generator set, performansi mesin
Analisis Karakteristik Harmonisa Pada Sistem Elektrikal Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas dan Uap (PLTGU) Tambak Lorok Blok 2
Authors: Hutagalung Meilinda Estevani , I Made Wiwit Kastawan  , Apip Pudin
Published: January 2024

Beban non-linier secara masif digunakan pada berbagai industri termasuk pembangkit tenaga listrik. Penggunaan beban non-linier banyak digunakan karena memiliki efisiensi energi yang tinggi, namun berdampak lainnya timbulnya harmonisa pada sisi sumber sistem kelistrikan. Salah satunya pada Perusahaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas dan Uap (PLTGU) Tambak Lorok blok 2 berlokasi di kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia menggunakan konverter AC/DC tiga fasa gelombang penuh untuk sistem DC power sebagai sumber daya utama pada peralatan DC pembangkit. Dikarenakan permintaan suplai daya DC yang tinggi, sehingga diperlukan pengoperasian konverter AC/DC tiga fasa gelombang penuh dengan kapasitas yang besar. Harmonisa yang ditimbulkan memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda tergantung dari jenis beban non-linier yang digunakan. Maka dari itu, diperlukan kajian pemodelan sistem elektrikal dan beban-beban non-linier untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan nilai harmonisa pada sistem elektrikal pembangkit tersebut. Hasil ini akan dibandingkan dengan standar IEEE 519-1992.

Hasil pendekatan ekivalen menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan konverter tersebut membangkitkan harmonisa arus pada sisi sumber dengan orde ganjil selain kelipatan tiga yang memiliki magnitudo arus harmonisa yang besar. Lalu, berdasarkan pendekatan ekivalen sistem elektrikal dengan simulasi Matlab didapatkan THDI pada busbar 400V Essential Service PDC 4 sebagai titik sambung bersama sebesar 16,65%, sedangkan melalui simulasi Psim didapatkan THDI sebesar 21,47%. Lalu, THDI pada busbar 400V Auxilliary Power Panel 11B berdasarkan Matlab sebesar 41,25% dan 42,23% pada Psim. Hasil simulasi ini melewati persentase standar harmonisa yang diizinkan oleh IEEE 519 - 1992. Harmonisa ini memberikan dampak negatif seperti pembebanan lebih pada motor-motor induksi, kabel dan transformator sehingga temperatur berlebih pada alat dan penurunan life time. Lalu dampak harmonisa arus juga menimbulkan rugi-rugi daya listrik pemakaian sendiri pada peralatan auxilliary pembangkit yang terbuang dalam bentuk panas.

Kata Kunci : Harmonisa, beban non-linear, Konverter AC/DC, IEEE 519-1992, THD.
RANCANG BANGUN PJU ENERGI SURYA MEMPERTIMBANGKAN ESTETIKA DAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Manunggal Bambang , Mursid Sri  Paryanto , Utami Sri , Mardiyanto Ignatius Riyadi
Published: January 2024

PJU (Penerangan Jalan Umum) Energi Surya merupakan perangkat lampu yang dipergunakan untuk memberikan cahaya penerangan pada area jalan umum. PJU membantu masyarakat untuk melakukan aktiviatasnya di area jalan pada malam hari dengan aman dan lancar. Rancangan PJU Energi Surya memanfaatkan teknologi konversi energi matahari menjadi listrik untuk mendayai lampu PJU. Dengan sistem 2 (dua) luminer (sumber cahaya) sebagaimana diatur pada PerMen Menhub RI No. PM 27 Tahun 2018, dimana dipergunakan lampu utama 50 watt dan lampu pendukung 10 watt, maka dibutuhkan panel surya jenis monokristal dengan daya 120 watt. Lampu utama menyala setelah matahari terbenam dan padam pukul 20:00, selanjutnya lampu pendukung melanjutkan menyala sampai dengan pukul 6:00. Rancangan PJU juga merujuk pada Standar Nasional Indonesia tentang Lampu Penerangan Jalan (SNI 7391:2008) dengan mempertimbangkan estetika, sehingga keberadaan PJU memberikan tambahan keindahan pada lingkungan tempat dipasangnya, alih-alih menjadi visual noise. Secara keseluruhan, rancangan PJU Energi Surya menjadi perangkat yang ramah lingkungan dan mendukung penggunaan energi baru terbarukan secara berkelanjutan.
Acousto-Optic Deflector-Principles, Working and Applications
Authors: Roy Preangka
Published: January 2024

Acoustic optic deflectors (AOD) have gained a lot of popularity as a fast way to scan the laser beam in optical coherence systems. It produces an acoustic wave that deflects the laser beam in a single direction. There are many factors to consider when choosing different solutions for acousto-optic spectral systems, but no comprehensive analysis or summary of these factors exists. In addition to summarizing the most popular optical schemes for acousto-optic spectral systems, this paper explains the basic principles of acousto-optic devices. A simulation study has also been performed to represent the characteristics of AOD in a practical environment. Additionally, applications of acousto-optic spectral systems in a few common fields are presented.
Unsharp Masking of Medical Images using Rolling Guidance Filter
Authors: K. Kannan
Published: January 2024

Medical Images consists of both high frequency and low frequency information needed by Physician for diagnostics and treatment purpose. Since, human eye is sensitive to high frequency information, the enhancement of high frequency information of medical image is very important. Most image enhancement techniques use the traditional unsharp mask filter to enhance the detail and edge information of medical image. While enhancing the detail and edge information, Gaussian Filter in traditional Unsharp Masking Filter introduces halo effects around edges. To remove this halo effects in enhanced images, this paper proposes a novel image enhancement filter in which Gaussian Filter is replaced by rolling guidance filter. This method provides satisfying results over Traditional Unsharp Mask Filter, Amended Unsharp Mask Filter, Anisotropic Diffusion based Unsharp Mask Filter and Guided Filtering based Unsharp Mask Filter in terms of high frequency information measures like mean gradient, spatial frequency and sharpness.
Furniture Urbanism: A Pedagogy for Fabrication and Social Engagement
Authors:   Northeastern University, Wiederspahn Peter , Kana Patrick ,   Northeastern University
Published: January 2024

Furniture Urbanism is a fabrication-oriented design studio conducted to provide our students with an experience of engaging the realities of full-scale fabrication and the complexities of designing objects for public urban spaces. Co-conceived and co-led by an architecture professor and a fine-furniture maker who manages the university maker spaces, this course highlighted their varying yet complimentary pedigrees of furniture, fabrication, and material insights. Furniture Urbanism is a hypothesis that is related to urban furniture, the human-scaled urban objects and infrastructures that populate the public realm. It also draws from Everyday Urbanism, the activation of common and unconsidered urban spaces with periodic events and opportunistic uses (Crawford 2008). It also has affiliations with Tactical Urbanism, low-cost, high-impact urban interventions to transform public behavior and use of city spaces (Lydon and Garcia 2015). Furniture Urbanism is meant to stimulate social interaction by engaging people not only with the designed object but also with the other urbanites who are drawn to it. The studio was composed of two phases: Furniture and Urbanism. In the Furniture phase, each student produces a finished furniture object, building skills alongside an awareness of furniture from a creator and user standpoint. This immediately engaged students in improvisational thinking and a ‘designing-through-making’ process. Prototyping early and often supported student improvisation while increasing their confidence in navigating the undiscovered. In the Urbanism phase, students formed design teams to conduct a collaborative process of merging the individual designs into purposeful propositions. The final Furniture Urbanism objects were then deployed as finished prototypes across our urban campus. Through this sequence of individual and collective projects, the students learned to balance what craftsman and author David Pye describes as the “workmanship of risk” that is dependent on individual dexterity and the “workmanship of certainty” that is rooted in systems of production (Pye, 1995).
Self-Deception and its Relationship to Body Image Satisfaction aming Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Abu Khurmah Aya Raed , Momani Fawwaz Ayoub
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to reveal self-deception and its relationship to body image satisfaction among breast cancer patients. To achieve the objectives of the study, the self-deception scale (Sirvent et al., 2019) and the body image scale (Baxter et al., 2006) were used. The sample of the study consisted of (211) breast cancer patients who were selected by the convenient method. The findings demonstrated that the level of self-deception was moderate on the total score and dimensions as well and that the level of the body image satisfaction was moderate on the total score and all dimensions of the scale except for the dimension (vulnerability) which was obtained a high level, and the dimension (body fears) which got a low level. Additionally, the findings revealed statistically significant differences in the mean scores of body image satisfaction and self-deception related to the variables of removing one of the breasts (mastectomy) in favour of women who had one of the breasts removed, and the variable of the number of years of infection in favour of a group of less than 5 years compared to a group of more than 10 years, and in favour of a group of 5 - 10 years compared to a group of more than 10 years, The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the means of self-deception and satisfaction with body image due to the two variables: age and marital status. A positive medium-strength relationship between self-deception and body image satisfaction was evident.