bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinico-pathological study of liver abscesses with special reference to different treatment options
Authors: Paul Sailendra Nath , Jain Vijay Kumar
Published: February 2019

Background: Liver abscess is a serious life threatening condition if left untreated. Most of them were amoebic in nature in tropical countries. The present study was done with the aim to assess the epidemiology of liver abscesses, to determine the fast, accurate and cost effective diagnostic approaches and to find out the best mode of management for amoebic liver abscess (ALA) and pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) in the study population.Methods: This was a prospective study done at KPC Medical College and Hospital for a period of 2 years, from June 2013 to May 2015. A total of 50 patients diagnosed with liver abscess were included in the study. Patients were categorized into ALA and PLA cases based on the type of abscess cavity. Authors have studied correlation of socio-demographic factors with disease, etiology, diagnostic findings, types of treatment and their outcome in the study population.Results: ALA was the most common type among the study groups (90%). Male preponderance was seen. Majority of them belongs to low-socioeconomic status (80%). The most common etiology of PLA was E. coli. Ultrasonography (USG) of the abdomen was accurate and cost-effective diagnostic procedure for assessing liver abscesses. Percutaneous catheter drainage was the most effective method of treatment (with a 100% success rate) in both ALA and PLA cases.Conclusions: Most of the patients in the study had ALA and had a chronological association with alcohol addiction, diabetes and low-socioeconomic status. Rapid diagnosis of the condition (ALA and PLA) with USG will reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality in the patients.
Dialektika nalar idealitas dan nalar realitas: aplikasi konsep umum al-balwa dalam dinamika hukum Islam
Authors: Arif Firman Muhammad
Published: February 2019

The application of  law is not always oriented towards things that are ideal. There are certain other considerations or exceptions to the application of  rules because they are beyond knowledge and no control. The general concept of  umum al-balwa to fulﬁ ll interests including liminating difﬁ culties. By using qualitative descriptive analysis and considerations that are difﬁ cult to avoid or difﬁ cult to avoid become special considerations that result in dispensation. Cases that afﬂ ict human life are linked to other matters in various ﬁ elds with the niformity of  considerations and the impact of  giving relief which ends in making it easy but not easy.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Menumbuhkan Karakter Anti Korupsi
Authors: Khusna Nidhaul
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini membahas peran guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam menumbuhkan karakter anti korupsi dari siswa SMKN 1 Salatiga pada tahun akademik 2014/2015. Hal ini difokuskan pada: 1) bagaimana nilai-nilai pendidikan anti-korupsi dari siswa; 2) apa peran guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam membina dan menumbuhkan karakter anti-korupsi pada peserta didik; dan 3) faktor-faktor yang mendukung karakter dan hambatan dalam membina anti-korupsi kepada peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum anti-korupsi sudah masuk dalam kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam. Peran guru Pendidikan Agama Islam bersama dengan guru lain seperti menginformasikan, memberikan saran, dan arahan. Guru PAI menumbuhkan karakter anti-korupsi dengan melatih salat lima waktu, menghargai kejujuran, menggunakan metode untuk melatih anti-korupsi, melatih peserta didik bertanggung jawab, disiplin waktu, belajar di luar kelas dan memberi sanksi. Hal yang mendukung karakter anti-korupsi tumbuh di SMKN 1 Salatiga adalah kerjasama dari semua guru, kantin sekolah, ekstrakurikuler, media informasi tentang bahaya korupsi, serta aturan ketat dari lembaga sekolah. Sementara kendalanya adalah sikap acuh tak acuh dari guru, keterbatasan dalam memantau siswa di luar sekolah, latar belakang yang berbeda dari peserta didik dan tidak ada kesepakatan kurikulum. This study discusses the role of Islamic Religious Teachers  in cultivating anti- corruption  character students of SMKN 1 Salatiga in academic year 2014/2015. It is focused on: 1) how is the educational values of anti-corruption of the students; 2) what is the role of Islamic religious teachers in fostering anti-corruption character on the learner; 3) what factors are supporting characters and obstacles in fostering anti-corruption to the learners. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach. The research findings showed that anti-corruption curriculum already included in the Islamic education curriculum. The roles of Islamic teachers together with other teachers such as inform, advice, and give direction as an example. PAI teachers foster anti-corruption character by trains five prayers on time, appreciate honesty, using methods to train anti-corruption, responsible learners trained, time discipline, learning outside the classroom and sanctioning. Supporters of anti-corruption in growing character in SMKN 1 Salatiga is the cooperation of all teachers, school canteens, extracurricular, many media information about the dangers of corruption, strict rules of school institutions. While the obstacles are the indifferent attitude of the teachers, the limitations in monitoring students outside of school, the different background of learners and there is no curriculum agreement. Kata kunci: guru Pendidikan Agama Islam, karakter, korupsi
Modelling the Effects of Hydrated Lime Additives on Asphalt Mixtures by Fuzzy Logic and ANN
Authors: YARDIM Mustafa Sinan , DEĞER ŞİTİLBAY Betül , DÜNDAR Selim
Published: February 2019

In this study, Marshall test results of hot mix
asphalt samples having various Hydrated Lime (HL) content rates were modelled
using Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Test sets having
various HL content were prepared in order to investigate the effect of HL. Marshall
Stability test was performed on the samples to obtain the optimal Asphalt
Content (AC) ratio. The results were evaluated in order to determine HL
additives’ sensitivity on the mixture parameters. The Marshall Test results
were used to develop the FL and ANN models. The models developed produced
acceptable estimations of the mixture parameters.
Factors Affecting the Capacity Utilization of Road Freight Transport in Turkey
Authors: ÖZEN Murat , FAYYAZ Muhammad , TÜYDEŞ YAMAN Hediye
Published: February 2019

Road freight accounts for the 89% of the inland freight transportation
in Turkey. This study examined the factors affecting capacity utilization in
Turkey with a specific focus on load factors and empty running. These two
decisions, the load factor and the choice of running empty, are modelled
jointly in a Heckman model. The model results showed that rigid and articulated
trucks represent relatively different transport markets. Their age and the
distance profile of the shipments affect the load factor and the probability of
running empty. These effects are further examined for different commodity types
and by testing different econometric specifications.
O histórico da escola pública moderna, sua configuração contemporânea e função social
Authors: Cruz Lilian Giacomini , Agudo Marcela de Moraes
Published: February 2019

A educação pública não é uma invenção dos tempos modernos, mas a escola tal como a concebemos hoje – universal, laica, gratuita e obrigatória – é uma instituição recente, tendo seus princípios discutidos e/ou redefinidos inicialmente durante o período da Revolução Francesa, consolidando-se posteriormente, no final do século XIX e início do século XX, quando alguns países reorganizaram e implantaram seus sistemas nacionais de educação. A partir da noção histórica do desenvolvimento e da constituição da escola pública que temos atualmente, refletimos sobre a concepção de escola pública que compreendemos, ou seja, entendendo o significado do “público” que caracteriza a escola como tal e de que modo se desenvolveu historicamente. A escola, tal qual a conhecemos, é resultado de um acerto de contas: com o poder absolutista do Estado; com a ideologia dominante centrada na visão metafísica do mundo; e, finalmente, com a concepção da desigualdade humana como algo determinado pela natureza. Mesmo que, em diversos momentos, movimentos de resistência tenham reivindicado e reivindiquem o desenvolvimento de uma escola pública popular de fato, este enfrentamento ainda se faz necessário para a constituição de uma escola pública, laica, gratuita, de qualidade socialmente referenciada e desinteressada. Destacamos, a partir de Gramsci, a importância de um movimento intelectual e popular que difunda novas concepções de mundo capazes de desenvolver a consciência civil da população e de produzir novos comportamentos para que ela não se submeta à direção do Estado capitalista.
O diretor enquanto gestor e as diferentes pressões e dilemas da prestação de contas na escola pública
Authors: Afonso Almerindo Janela
Published: February 2019

Em Portugal, as escolas públicas dos ensinos básico e secundário e os jardins de infância públicos foram, na sua maioria, integrados nos designados Agrupamentos de Escolas. Cada um desses agrupamentos, bem como as escolas que não foram integradas, regem-se por um modelo de administração no qual se sobressaem dois órgãos fundamentais: o Diretor, que é o órgão (unipessoal) de gestão, e o Conselho Geral, que é o órgão (colegial) de direção. Nesse último órgão participam os representantes de diferentes atores e interesses da Comunidade Educativa (internos e externos). O Diretor presta contas pelas suas decisões, quer ao Conselho Geral, quer, sobretudo, ao Ministério da Educação e outros serviços da burocracia do Estado com poder fiscalizador e hierárquico. Mas não apenas. Com efeito, em um contexto em que também é crescente o escrutínio ou controle das famílias e dos stakeholders sobre as escolas e agrupamentos de escolas, sobretudo em relação a resultados acadêmicos mensuráveis, as pressões que se exercem sobre o diretor colocam-no, ainda mais, perante formas diferenciadas (e, não raras vezes, contraditórias) de accountability (isto é, processos ambivalentes e heterogêneos de avaliação, prestação de contas e responsabilização). O foco neste artigo, no entanto, incide no pilar da prestação de contas.
Utilitarismo y Democracia en América
Authors: Robledo Rodríguez Alejandro
Published: February 2019

El presente trabajo analiza los fundamentos de la filosofía utilitarista y su relación con la democracia en los Estados Unidos de América. Aborda la cuestión mediante el planteamiento en dos secciones: Una primera orientada a reconsiderar los aportes que el diálogo con algunos autores tuvo en la relación de Bentham con las ideas de los colonos americanos, y que llevaron a la publicación del Fragmento sobre el Gobierno, como antesala de la publicación de su Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, así como los argumentos utilitarios a favor de la Democracia en América, y una segunda sección, cuyo objetivo a comprender los fundamentos de la crítica utilitarista a la noción de derechos naturales.
Development and validity of cyberchondria tendency scale
Authors: Tatlı Zeynep , Tatlı Özgür , Kokoç Mehmet
Published: February 2019

Cyberchondria is the name given to individuals who research their existing or imaginary diseases online. We developed a scale for measuring individuals’ cyberchondria tendencies. The 36-item test form produced was applied to 1,200 participants (694 male and 506 female) residing in different provinces, with health problems in the previous month and accessible via e-mail. The data obtained were then subjected to analysis. A structure consisting of 30 items and two dimensions, ‘Reflection’ and ‘Information Seeking’ was obtained with exploratory factor analysis. The relation between the entire scale and the subscales was investigated and the factors were determined to be positively and significantly correlated. The goodness of fit indices of the model was at acceptable levels. The validated scale can be used to determine whether or not both patients and Internet users in general regard the Internet as a basic source of information when health problems occur.Keywords: Cyberchondria, cyberchondria tendency, scale development, instrumental study.
JERITAN PEREMPUAN YANG TERKUNGKUNG SISTEM PATRIARKI DALAM KUMPULAN CERITA PENDEK AKAR PULE: SUATU TINJAUAN FEMINISME RADIKAL
Authors: Umniyyah Zahratul
Published: February 2019

Abstrak : Kajian ini membahas dua cerita pendek dalam Kumpulan Cerita Pendek Akar Pule karya Oka Rusmini. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengungkap, menganalisis, dan mendeskripsikan penderitaan fisik dan penderitaan psikis yang dihadapi perempuan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Pengarang menyuarakan pemikirannya melalui kemunculan tokoh-tokoh perempuan dan berbagai permasalahan yang bersumber dari laki-laki. Posisi perempuan selalu dianggap lemah, sistem patriarki yang tumbuh subur di Bali semakin menekan kedudukan perempuan sehingga perempuan semakin tidak berdaya dan harus tunduk dengan aturan adat yang sangat merugikan pihak perempuan.

Kata kunci: sastra, feminisme radikal, sistem patriarki

 

Abstract : This study discusses two short stories part of Akar Pule anthology written by Oka Rusmini. In this study, the writer attempts to reveal, analyze, dan describe physical and psychological oppressions experienced by the female character. In this study the writer uses qualitative method as research method. The author voices her thoughts by presenting the female characters and their problem caused by male characters (men). In these short stories female characters (women) are placed in weaker position than men. The patriarchal system which is deeply rooted in Balinese culture gives more oppression towards women making Balinese women more powerless and forcing them to obey the customs that disadvantage them.

Keywords: literary work, radical feminism, patriarchal system
A Percepção da Gestante sobre a Qualidade do Atendimento Pré-Natal em UBS, Campo Grande, MS
Authors: Andrade Ursulla Vilella , Santos Juliete Bispo , Duarte Caianá
Published: February 2019

A assistência pré-natal tem o intuito de identificar aquelas pacientes com mais probabilidade de apresentar evolução desfavorável e acolher a mulher desde o princípio de sua gestação. O objetivo foi contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade do atendimento pré-natal nas unidades básicas de saúde (UBSs) do município de Campo Grande, MS, construindo saberes segundo a percepção da gestante. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório de natureza qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista estruturada aberta. Para analisar os resultados, o estudo foi dividido em cinco categorias temáticas, as quais demonstraram o entendimento, a opinião e os sentimentos das gestantes. Por fim, percebeu-se que para a assistência pré-natal ser de qualidade, é necessário que os profissionais e as gestantes caminhem juntos. Os profissionais precisam criar meios para que as gestantes não deixem de realizar consultas e elas podem esclarecer suas dúvidas, não existindo barreiras que atrapalhem essa comunicação.
Breves Considerações Sobre a Atenção à Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista na Rede Pública de Saúde
Authors: Araujo Jeane A. M. R. , Veras André B. , Varella André A. B.
Published: February 2019

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma desordem do neurodesenvolvimento, caracterizada por déficits na comunicação social e presença de padrões de comportamento repetitivos. Como uma condição usualmente crônica, o TEA normalmente requer atenção de equipes interdisciplinares por afetar o desenvolvimento de forma global. Recentemente, o Ministério da Saúde publicou dois documentos que estabelecem a linha de cuidado e as diretrizes para sua reabilitação na rede pública de saúde brasileira. O presente artigo caracteriza e analisa a linha de cuidado proposta e as abordagens terapêuticas recomendadas. A análise permitiu verificar que os documentos reafirmam que pessoas com TEA são indivíduos com os mesmos direitos de pessoas com deficiência, seu cuidado deve ocorrer de maneira multidisciplinar pela Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, mas faltou clareza quanto aos critérios de escolha das abordagens terapêuticas e o local em que estas seriam oferecidas. Algumas implicações para o tratamento do TEA são discutidas.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN KARBOHIDRAT, LEMAK, DAN PROTEIN DENGAN STATUS GIZI (Studi Kasus pada Pekerja Wanita Penyadap Getah Karet di Perkebunan Kalijompo Jember)
Authors: Siwi Nabila Permata
Published: February 2019

Kalijompo Plantation is one of rubber plantations in Jember. One of rubber production is rubber tapping that is done not only by male but also female workers. One of the factors that can affect productivity is nutrition status. Nutrition status is influenced by the adequancy of nutrients, especially carbohydrates, fats, and proteins as energy producers. The purpose of this research was to study the correlation between carbohydrates, fats, and proteins intake with nutrition status in female tap rubber workers of Kalijompo Plantation in Jember. This research was analytical observational research and had a cross sectional design. The population of this research were all female tap rubber workers of Kalijompo Plantation in Jember with the sample consisted of 33 respondents. The variables of this research carbohydrates intake, fats intake, proteins intake, and nutrition status. Data collection included measurement of weight body, measurement of height body, and food recall 1x24 hours.The results showed that there was no correlation between carbohydrates intake with nutrition status (p=0.968), there was no correlation between fats intake with nutrition status (p=0.646), and there was no correlation between proteins intake with nutrition status (p=0.679). The conclusion of this research was the intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are not factors that can affect good or bad nutrition status in female rubber tapping workers of Kalijompo Plantation in Jember.
EFEKTIFITAS HAND LETTERING SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI KESEHATAN REMAJA MENGENAI BAHAYA ROKOK (STUDI DI SMK PGRI 4 SURABAYA)
Authors: Luthfia Azmi
Published: February 2019

Indonesia is a country with largest smoker in South East Asia. According to Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) (2013), there is rising trends of cigarette smooking during three periods, especially in adolescents aged ≥15 years. Therefore it is necessary to take effort to prevent existence of it. Providing health promotion media in the form of hand lettering can be an alternative in providing effective information and education. Now days, Hand lettering is a popular art design for adolescents. This research was conducted on the students of class XI TKR SMK PGRI 4 Surabaya. The purpose of this study was to know the efectiveness of hand lettering as a health promotion media of harmfull effect of cigarettes in adolescents. It was quasi experimental research. Samples are 90 students of class XI TKR SMK PGRI 4 Surabaya, taken by  total sampling technique. Knowledge was dependent variable, while giving treatments was independent variables. Results showed that there were differences knowledge betwween before and after hand lettering given (p = 0,000). Media effectiveness shows that hand lettering is effective for improving knowledge. It can be used as a health promotion media of harmfull effect of cigarettes in adolescents.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN JENIS METODE KONTRASEPSI JANGKA PANJANG (MKJP) PADA WANITA MENIKAH USIA SUBUR DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Triyanto Luki
Published: February 2019

Long-Acting and Permanent Method (LAPM) is a very effective method of contraception, but women of childbearing age majority use short-term contraceptive methods. The purpose of this study was to apply multinomial logistic regression analysis in predicting factors affecting Fertile Women in the use of LAPM in East Java Province in 2012. This research use secondary data that was result of Indonesia Demographic Health Surveys (IDHS) year 2012 using the number of 171 respondents. The results of this study indicated the variables that affected the use of LAPM of WUS age (p = 0.008), education level (p = 0,004), occupation (p = 0,029), source of family planning services (p = 0,000), residence area (p = 0.016). The conclusion of this study was age, educational level, occupation, source of FP services, and residential areas affecting the use of long-term contraceptive methods in women of childbearing age. Therefore the government  through the National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN),­ still pay attention to the family planning program and ensure every community to implement family planning programs and educate and promote family planning programs to resolve the problems of the population.
Foliation-Based Approach to Quantum Gravity and Applications to Astrophysics
Authors: Park Inyong
Published: February 2019

The recently proposed Holography-inspired approach to quantum gravity is reviewed and expanded. The approach is based on the foliation of the background spacetime and reduction of the offshell states to the physical states. Careful attention is paid to the boundary conditions. It is noted that the outstanding problems such as the cosmological constant problem and black hole information can be tackled from the common thread of the quantized gravity. One-loop renormalization of the coupling constants and the beta function analysis are illustrated. Active galactic nuclei and gravitational waves are discussed as the potential applications of the present quantization scheme to astrophysics.
Mutated Channelrhodopsins with Increased Sodium and Calcium Permeability
Authors: Duan Xiaodong , Nagel Georg , Gao Shiqiang
Published: February 2019

(1) Background: After the discovery and application of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii channelrhodopsins, the optogenetic toolbox has been greatly expanded with engineered and newly discovered natural channelrhodopsins. However, channelrhodopsins of higher Ca2+ conductance or more specific ion permeability are still in demand. (2) Methods: In this study, we mutated the conserved aspartate of the transmembrane helix 4 (TM4) within Chronos (Stigeoclonium helveticum channelrhodopsin = ShChR) and PsChR (Platymonas subcordiformis channelrhodopsin) and compared them with published ChR2 (C. reinhardtii channelrhodopsin-2) aspartate mutants. (3) Results: We found that the ChR2 D156H mutant (XXM) showed enhanced Na+ and Ca2+ conductance, which was not noticed before, while the D156C mutation (XXL) influenced the Na+ and Ca2+ conductance only slightly. Furthermore, the D173H mutant of PsChR showed a much improved photocurrent, compared to wildtype, and even higher Na+ selectivity to H+ than XXM. PsChR D173H also showed a strongly enhanced Ca2+ conductance, more than 2-fold that of the calcium translocating L132C of ChR2 (CatCh). (4) Conclusions: We found that mutating the aspartate of the TM4 to histidine influences the ion selectivity of channelrhodopsins. With the large photocurrent and enhanced Na+ selectivity and Ca2+ conductance, XXM and PsChR D139H are promising powerful optogenetic tools, especially for Ca2+ manipulation.
Tendências na alocação do tempo no Brasil: trabalho e lazer
Authors: Barbosa Ana Luiza Neves de Holanda
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é documentar as tendências na alocação do tempo no Brasil entre 2001 e 2015. Em particular, pretende-se analisar a evolução das jornadas semanais de trabalho no mercado e em afazeres domésticos, além do tempo semanal dedicado ao lazer. A análise é feita por gênero e tem como base a Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os resultados revelam que os homens desfrutam de mais horas de lazer do que as mulheres, ainda que haja uma tendência de redução dessa diferença ao longo do tempo. Há uma elevação do tempo dedicado ao lazer para ambos os sexos, mas este aumento se dá de forma mais acentuada para as mulheres. Os resultados mostram ainda que a ampliação do número de horas de lazer ao longo do período foi ocasionada por razões diversas entre homens e mulheres. Para eles, a elevação do lazer (de quatro horas semanais) pode ser explicada pela redução expressiva nas horas trabalhadas no mercado, enquanto para elas, o ganho de sete horas semanais de lazer deve-se à redução nas horas dedicadas aos afazeres domésticos.
Diagnosis and management of multiple high-grade gliomas: a retrospective study
Authors: Gao Yang , Zheng Hui , Li Liangdong , Zhou Changshuai , Chen Xin , Cao Yiqun
Published: February 2019

Background: Multiple high-grade gliomas (M-HGG) are uncommon lesions in the central nervous system. The management is controversial and the prognosis remains unfavorable. The aim of this study is to identify the characteristics of M-HGG and explore more appropriate therapeutic strategies for patients.
Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 15 patients who were treated with M-HGG between August 2016 and March 2018 in our hospital. Clinical data including age, sex, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores, number and location of lesions, surgical approach, pathology, adjuvant therapy (radio or chemotherapy) and prognosis were collected.
Results: The most frequent position of tumors was temporal lobe, followed by frontal and occipital lobe. Patients who underwent surgical removal (gross total resection or subtotal resection) showed longer survival time than that in biopsy group (p < 0.05). The index of Ki-67 was higher (36.11 ± 1.8 vs 22.33 ± 2.1, p < 0.05) and the KPS score was lower (60.00 ± 2.7 vs 82.86 ± 2.9, p < 0.05) in death group than that in survival group. Two patients presented with different pathological grades: GBM (WHO IV), anaplastic astrocytoma (WHO III). Four patients presenting with methylation of genes of O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) were still alive. No IDH1 mutation was detected in all cases. Eight patients died during follow-up, and the average survival period was 11.2 months. The survival time of living patients was more than 15.9 months.
Conclusions: Surgical removal of dominant tumors of M-GBM is recommended, and stereotactic biopsy can achieve pathologic diagnosis if surgical removal is inaccessible. Comprehensive analysis of the clinical features and molecular pathology of multiple gliomas is helpful to find more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Implications of tau data for CP violation in K decays
Authors: Rodríguez Sánchez Antonio
Published: February 2019

The \bm{D=6}𝐃=6
contribution of the Operator Product Expansion (OPE) of the
\bm{\mathrm{VV-AA}}VV−AA
correlator of quark currents can be related to hadronic matrix elements
associated to CP violation in non-leptonic kaon decays. We use those
relations to find an updated value for \bm{\langle(\pi\pi)_{I=2}|\mathcal{Q}_{8}|K\rangle}⟨(𝛑𝛑)𝐈=2|𝒬8|𝐊⟩
in the chiral limit using the updated ALEPH spectral function. Taking
instead values of the matrix elements from the lattice to obtain the
\bm{D=6}𝐃=6
vacuum elements provides a new short-distance constraint that allows for
an inclusive determination of \bm{f_{\pi}}𝐟𝛑
and an updated value for the \bm{D=8}𝐃=8
condensate.
Current Status of inclusive hadronic tau determinations of |V_us|
Authors: Maltman Kim , Boyle P. A. , Hudspith R. J. , Izubuchi T. , Juttner A. , Lehner C. , Lewis R. , Ohki H. , Portelli A. , Spraggs M. , Zanotti J. M.
Published: February 2019

We review the status of the determination of
\vert V_{us}\vert|Vus|
from both flavor-breaking finite-energy sum rules based on inclusive
non-strange and strange hadronic \tauτ
decay data and the recent lattice-based analysis of inclusive strange
hadronic \tauτ
decay data. In particular, we update the results from these analysis
frameworks taking into account recent improvements to a number of
strange branching fractions reported by HFLAV at CKM2018 and this
meeting. We find that inclusive \tauτ
decay data yields results for \vert V_{us}\vert|Vus|
compatible within errors with the expectations of three-family
unitarity.
Sentidos de vida de mujeres víctimas por desaparición forzada en Granada, Antioquia
Authors: Monsalve Gomez Carlos Andres
Published: February 2019

Al analizar las acciones que emprenden las mujeres víctimas por desaparición forzada en Granada, (Antioquia) y las incidencias que dichas acciones tienen en sus sentidos de vida, nace la necesidad de indagar por las formas cómo han resignificado las mujeres víctimas el hecho por desaparición, debido a la falta de significación entre el estado y la ciudadanía. En este sentido, el proyecto investigativo cobra relevancia en el estudio fenomenológico como forma de analizar cada uno de los fenómenos representados en la desaparición forzada, el cual permita narrar y describir cada una de las afectaciones, acciones e incidencias de cada una de las mujeres víctimas de la Asociación De Víctimas De Granada (Asovida). Por tal motivo, se hace necesario el enfoque logo terapéutico como propuesta metodológica de resignificación de los sentidos de vida para encaminar cada una de las experiencias como guía para el restablecimiento de cada uno de sus derechos, en la construcción de paz.
Barreras psicosociales para la paz y la reconciliación
Authors: Barrera Machado Daniela , Villa Gómez Juan David
Published: February 2019

En medio de situaciones de conflicto armado degradado y de violencia política prolongada como la vivida en Colombia durante más de 70 años, ciertos sectores sociales despliegan procesos de ideologización mediante una serie de mecanismos discursivos y retóricos, comunicativos, mediáticos y educativos, que dan lugar a la configuración de barreras psicosociales para la construcción de la paz y la reconciliación. Dichas barreras refieren un entramado de narrativas del pasado como memorias colectivas victimistas, creencias sociales rígidas y emociones políticas de odio, ira, miedo, asco y humillación; que deshumanizan al adversario, polarizan la sociedad y legitiman la violencia. De esta manera, los procesos de ideologización atraviesan la subjetividad y configuran una cultura bélica, que constituye la base cultural y psicosocial de la violencia; cuya trasformación resulta imperativa de cara a construir paz, reconciliación y democracia.
Experiencias locales de la formación ciudadana desde la infancia en las escuelas de Ibagué – Tolima (Colombia)
Authors: Ruiz Cardozo Luz Amanda , Ñañez Rodríguez José Julián , Capera Figueroa José Javier
Published: February 2019

Al hablar de la formación ciudadana desde la primera infancia, hablamos en concreto del reconocimiento de la infancia como ciudadanos en el pleno ejercicio en su participación democrática lo que nos exige trascender hacia realidades más concretas y posibles por medio de la formulación de proyectos innovadores e incluyentes que permitan visibilizar a los niños en un rol activo en los diferentes escenarios sociales, así mismo reconocer a los docentes como actores fundamentales en el marco de construir sentidos/acciones en común entre educadores y formadores en los espacios educativos.
Croup syndrome and primary infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis in children
Authors: Mozzhukhina L. I. , Chelnokova O. G. , Kogut T. A. , Salova A. L.
Published: February 2019

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) occupy an important place in infectious pathology of children’s age. One of the frequent and severe manifestations of ARVI, accompanied by respiratory disorders, is stenosing laryngotracheitis (croup syndrome). Primary stenosing laryngotracheitis develops, as a rule, in children of the second-third year of life, rarely-older than 5 years. In 30–50% of patients, croup syndrome recur, often accompanied by signs of bronchial obstruction. The reasons for the formation of the relapses studied enough: discusses the role of concomitant allergic diseases, immune dysfunction, autonomic reactivity, etc. At the same time, the importance of such background conditions as the infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the presence of local forms of tuberculosis (TB) in children in the development of croup syndrome and its recurrence in the literature is not reflected. In the course of our study, it was found that children with primary and recurrent croup are often infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis at the age of 5 years, which allows them to be classified as at risk of tuberculosis infection; recurrent croup is significantly more often implemented in the early period of primary infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the development of local forms of TB. Chemoprophylaxis and TB therapy can reduce the risk of developing recurrent croup syndrome in 82% of patients. Thus, one of the possible factors in the etiopathogenesis of the syndrome of croup can be a TB infection.
Use of vitamin D to prevent recurrent otitis media in children
Authors: Vorobyova М. Р. , Karpova E. Р.
Published: February 2019

This article addresses the problem of recurrent otitis media (ROM) in children. The study was aimed to increase the clinical efficacy of prophylactic treatment of ROM in children. The study showed that the children diagnosed with ROM had significantly lower serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels as compared to the healthy children. The follow-up observation and treatment of children with ROM allowed for the conclusion that all children at risk of ROM required the systemic examination of serum 25(OH) vitamin D and further therapeutic and prophylactic management.
Safety of child nutrition
Authors: Zakharova I. N. , Aisanova M. R.
Published: February 2019

Non-communicable diseases result in more than 63% of all deaths according to the data announced at the meeting on the prevention of non-communicable diseases held by the UN General Assembly in 2011. Such diseases are caused by genetic and socioecological factors, the level of health care system, individual lifestyle (diet, physical activity). Due to morphofunctional characteristics of organs and systems, children are most at risk from exposure to toxic substances contained in food. The article describes exactly what effect the most harmful and common toxicants of food have on the child’s body and provides food safety and nutrition strategies developed at the state level.
An integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of ARI
Authors: Kholodova I. N. , Syrieva T. N. , Kholodov D. I.
Published: February 2019

The authors discuss the features of the treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in the modern era, emphasizing the lack of its efficacy due to the constantly emerging drug resistance in viruses and bacteria. The article substantiates and proposes a modern approach to the prevention and treatment of ARI, using preparations of natural origin. It also analyses the international and domestic experience in using the bioregulatory approach to the treatment of ARI in practical medicine. The legal basis for using the homoeopathy method in Russia is discussed. The authors share their own clinical experience, analyse a clinical case, provide the detailed history of life and illness of a child, and propose a consistent protocol for patient treatment alongside with an explanation of the chosen approach.
Influenza and ARVI: challenges and solutions
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2019

ARVI and influenza are one of the topical problems of pediatrics, which is due to the high level of morbidity in the child population, a significant incidence of severe and complicated forms of disease, especially in young children. In the structure of infectious pathology in children, this group of diseases still retains its leading position, accounting for up to 70% of all registered cases. Almost every child annually and more than once endures ARVI or flu episodes. This group of infections causes significant economic damage both to the household budget and the national budget as a whole. In order to improve the provision of medical care for children, improve the qualifications of pediatricians and share experience of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speranskiy RMACPE (Head of Department Dr. of Sci. (Med), Professor I.N. Zakharova), a scientific and practical seminar «Influenza and acute respiratory infections 2018/2019: challenges and solutions» was held. Within the framework of the event, supported by «Valenta Pharm», specialists considered a number of topical issues, including vaccine prophylaxis and treatment of ARVI and influenza, taking into account modern epidemiological, microbiological and virological data. The seminar participants paid special attention to the validity of antiviral therapy in children, in particular, such drug as Ingavirin®.
Coughing in children with colds: efficacy and new possibilities for phytotherapy
Authors: Safina A. I.
Published: February 2019

The article deals with the problem of acute cough treatment against the background of a cold. The efficiency and side effects of official medicine and modern phytotherapy are discussed. The data of the Cochrane reviews, meta-analyses, international and Russian researches proving expediency and efficiency of coughing symptoms treatment by means of natural origin are given.
Bölgesel Doğal Malzeme ile Sulardan Arsenik Giderimi
Authors: GÖK Oğuzhan , ÇİMEN MESUTOĞLU Özgül
Published: February 2019

Yeraltı ve yüzeysel su
kaynaklarında arsenik varlığı içme suyu arıtma tesisleri için sorun teşkil
etmektedir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri
(USEPA) içme sularında arsenik miktarı ile ilgili sınır değerini 1993 yılında
yapmış olduğu düzenlemeyle 50 μg L-1 den 10 μg L-1 yeindirmiştir. Ülkemizde içme ve kullanma sularında arsenik sınır değeri
2005 yılı itibariyle 10 μg L-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Arsenik limit
değerinin 10 μg L-1 olması arsenik arıtımındaki önemi artırmıştır.
Bu nedenle yapılan çalışmada arsenik içeren suların doğal bir malzeme
kullanılarak arıtımı araştırılmıştır. Arsenik giderimi için deneysel sistemde
120 rpm’de 1 dk hızlı karıştırma, 10 rpm’de 20 dk yavaş karıştırma yapılıp; 30
dk çökelme için beklenmiştir. Yapılan deneysel çalışmalarda 50 μg L-1 başlangıç
arsenik konsantrasyonunda, pH 8’de ve 15 g/100 mL doğal malzeme ile %96.2
arsenik giderim verimi elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda doğal
malzemenin arsenik gideriminde etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceği
görülmektedir.
Aslantaş Baraj Gölü ve Çevresinin Su Yüzey Alanı ve Arazi Örtüsü Değişiminin Landsat Uydu Görüntüleri Kullanılarak İzlenmesi
Authors: GÜLCİ Sercan , GÜLCİ Neşe , YÜKSEL Kıvanç
Published: February 2019

Sulak alan ekosistem planlamalarının izlenmesinde ve değerlendirilmesinde uydu görüntülerinden elde edilen vejetasyon indeksleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yüksek çözünürlüklü birçok uydu görüntüsü olmasına rağmen Landsat uydu verileri uzun dönemli arazi değişimlerinin izlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesinde önemli avantajlara sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Aslantaş baraj gölünün uydu görüntüsü yardımıyla haritalanması ve çalışma alanında meydana gelen arazi örtüsü zamansal değişiminin değerlendirilmesini kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada Haziran 2000 ve Temmuz 1989, 2010 ve 2017 yıllarına ait Landsat 4, 5, 7 ve 8 görüntüleri spektral bantları kullanılmıştır. Landsat görüntüleri ile mekansal değişimler bant oranlama yaklaşımı ile ortaya konmuştur. ArcGIS 10 yazılımının ―Görüntü Analizi‖ fonksiyonu yardımıyla modifiye edilmiş normalleştirilmiş su fark indeksi (MNDWI: Modified Normalized Difference Water Index) ve normalleştirilmiş bitki fark indeksi (NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) uygulanmıştır. Baraj gölü su yüzey alanı değişimi ve su-bitki etkileşimlerini değerlendirmek için uzun yıllara ait uydu görüntüleri işlenmiş, sınıflandırılmış ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, su yüzey alanının en az 1989 ve en çok 2000 yıllarında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. MNDWI ve NDVI tarafından analiz edilen su yüzey alanı değişim eğilimi benzerlik göstermiştir, ancak hesaplanan arazi yüzey alanlarının büyüklüğü farklılıklar göstermiştir. Ekosistem tabanlı çalışmalarda su-orman ilişkilerinin planlama aşamalarında uzaktan algılama çalışmaları hala karar vericiler için güvenilir veriler oluşturma potansiyeline sahiptir.
Cypermethrin Etken Maddeli Bir İnsektisitin Cucumis sativus L. (Hıyar) Üzerine Morfolojik ve Fizyolojik Etkileri
Authors: EŞİZ DEREBOYLU Aylin , UĞUZ Ulaş , ŞENGONCA TORT Nedret
Published: February 2019

ÇalıĢmada, sera koĢullarında yetiĢtirilen hıyar (Cucumis sativus L.) bitkilerine farklı konsantrasyonlarda (Önerilen doz = 0.4 ml L-1 su, önerilen dozun iki katı (x2) = 0.8 ml L-1 su ve üç katı (x3) = 1.2 ml L-1 su) Cypermethrin etken maddeli bir insektisit uygulanmıĢtır. Morfolojik ölçümlerin yanında, çimlenme yüzdeleri, total protein ve prolin miktarları, fotosentetik pigment maddeleri ve endogen hormon içeriği de incelenmiĢtir. Uygulanan insektisitin tohumların çimlenmeleri üzerinde etkili olmadığı görülmüĢtür. Ancak büyüme parametrelerinden kök uzamasını inhibe ettiği belirlenmiĢtir. Fotosentetik pigment maddelerinde klorofil a, b ve toplam klorofil değerlerinde kontrol grubuna göre x3 uygulama grubunda azalma olmuĢ, karotenoid değerlerinde ise artıĢ meydana gelmiĢtir. Protein, prolin, Absisik asit (ABA) ve Indol-3 Asetik asit (IAA) miktarlarında kontrole göre x3 uygulama grubunda artıĢlar olduğu görülmüĢtür. Bu sonuçlara göre; uygulanan insektisitin özellikle yüksek konsantrasyonlarda uygulanması durumunda hıyar bitkilerinde abiyotik stres yarattığı, strese bağlı olarak bitki metabolizmasını, büyümeyi ve geliĢmeyi olumsuz yönde etkilediği ortaya konmuĢtur.
Çan Linyitinin Katalitik Gazlaştırılması ile Hidrojen Eldesi
Authors: SEÇER Açelya , Hasanoğlu Arif
Published: February 2019

Bu çalıĢmada, yüksek kükürt (%5.61) ve kül (%23.09) içerikli Çan linyiti, Na2CO3, NiCl2, Fe2O3, K2CO3 ve Ca(NO3)2 katalizörleri eĢliğinde gazlaĢtırılarak bu katalizörlerin gazlaĢma üzerindeki etkileri toplam gaz hacmi ve hidrojen gazı verimleri açısından değerlendirilerek, en etkin katalizör belirlenmiĢtir. GazlaĢtırma deneyleri atmosferik basınçta, 0.5 mL dk-1 akıĢ hızında gerçekleĢtirilmiĢtir. 700 ºC sıcaklıkta en etkin katalizör Na2CO3 olarak belirlenmiĢtir. 1.0 g kömürün (kuru-külsüz baz) 700ºC’de, %3 Na katalizörü eĢliğinde gazlaĢtırılmasında %74.7 H2 oranı ile 2839 mL gaz elde edilmiĢtir. Optimum katalizör miktarı kullanarak, 600-900 ºC arasındaki farklı sıcaklıklarda gazlaĢtırma deneyleri gerçekleĢtirilerek sıcaklığın gazlaĢma üzerine etkileri incelenmiĢtir. Toplam gaz hacmi ve üretilen hidrojen gazı açısından en yüksek verim, 3033 mL toplam gaz hacmi ve %75.7 H2 oranıyla, 900 ºC sıcaklıkta elde edilmiĢtir.
Elektronik Olarak Ayarlanabilir Memristör Tabanlı Chua Devresinin Gerçeklenmesi
Authors: YESIL Abdullah , BABACAN Yunus
Published: February 2019

Fiziksel olarak memristörün 2008 yılında gerçeklenmesinden sonra, memristörler devre tasarımlarında geniş uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Memristör hafızalı olması, lineer olmayan karakteristik göstermesi ve oldukça yoğun bir yapıya sahip olması gibi üstün özelliklere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada elektronik olarak ayarlanabilen memristor devresi kullanılarak kaotik devre kurulmuştur. Beklendiği gibi devrenin kaotik davranışı başarılı bir şekilde elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, farklı OTA (İşlemsel geçişiletkenliği kuvvetlendiricisi) kuyruk akımlarına göre devrenin kaotik davranışının değişimi de çalışmanın sonlarına doğru analiz edilmiştir.
Alyssum pateri subsp. prostratum Bitkisinin Kütle Azaltma Katsayılarının ve Molar Yok-Olma Katsayılarının Ölçülmesi
Authors: AKDEMİR Fatma , TURHAN Mehmet Fatih , AKMAN Ferdi , GEÇİBESLER İbrahim Halil , KAÇAL Mustafa Recep , DURAK Rıdvan
Published: February 2019

Alyssum pateri subsp. prostratum bitkisinin bazı kısımlarının (kök, toprak üstü ve çiçek) kütle azaltma
katsayıları ve molar yok-olma katsayıları 13.92 ve 59.54 keV enerji aralığında
bir Si(Li) detektör ve 241Am nokta kaynağı kullanılarak ölçülmüştür.
Sunulan bu çalışmada, bitkisel
materyalin farklı organları için elde edilen deneysel kütle azaltma
katsayıları ve molar yok-olma katsayıları teorik hesaplanan değerler ile
karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, deneysel değerler ile WinXCOM program
kullanılarak hesaplanan teorik değerler arasında iyi bir uyum olduğunu
göstermiştir.
Yeme Çakşır Otu (Ferula elaeochytris K. 1947) İlavesinin Japon Balığının (Carassius auratus L. 1758) Büyüme ve Gonad Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: BALCI Beytullah Ahmet , AKTOP Yusuf
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada, Japon balığı (Carassius auratus L. 1758)’nın büyüme,
yem değerlendirme ve gonadların gelişimi üzerine çakşır otu (Ferula elaeochytris K. 1947) kökü
tozunun etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ham protein (%36), ham yağ (%8) ve
enerji (3650 kcal/kg sindirilebilir enerji) değerleri eşit olacak şekilde 4
farklı deneme yemi hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan yemlere çakşır otu (Ferula elaeochytris) kökü tozu 0
(Kontrol), 1, 5 ve 10 g kg-1 oranında ilave edilmiştir. Deneme, her
grupta 30 balık olacak şekilde 2 tekerrürlü tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine
göre planlanarak 105 lt’lik akvaryumlarda 84 gün süre ile yürütülmüştür.
Başlangıç ağırlıkları 7.55± 0.02 g ve boyları
7.51±0.130 cm olan japon balıkları, günde 2 kez doyuncaya kadar beslenmiştir. Deneme yeminin canlı ağırlık artışı, boyca büyüme, kondüsyon faktörü,
ortalama canlı ağırlık artışı, yüzde canlı ağırlık artışı, spesifik büyüme
oranı, yem değerlendirme oranı, hepatosomatik indeks, visserosomatik indeks ve
gonadosomatik indeks bakımından gruplar arasında istatistiki olarak önemli bir
farklılık bulunmamıştır (P>0.05). Gruplara ait yem tüketim değerlerinin
farklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). Deneme sonu dişi japon balığı
gonad histolojik özelliklerinin farklı olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Deneme süresince gruplarda ölüm görülmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, yeme
çakşır otu kökü tozu eklenmesinin japon balıklarında büyüme ve yem
değerlendirme oranı üzerine önemli bir etkisi tespit edilememiştir.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) block copolymers via ATRP and RAFT
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Melahat
Published: February 2019

Well-defined block copolymers of styrene (S) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) poly(Styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) [poly(S-b-MMA)] with narrow molecular weight distribution were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and recycle additive fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization methods using macro RAFT macroinitiator in two step. Poly-S based RAFT macroinitiator was reported from the reaction of potassium salt of ethyl xanthegonate and homo Poly-S which is synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene using 3-chloro-1-propanol initiator. Subsequently, the synthesis of poly(S-b-MMA) block copolymers were acquired via RAFT of poly-S based RAFT macroinitiator and MMA at 90 0C. Poly(S-b-MMA) block copolymers were comparatively acquired in high yield and high molecular weight. The characterization of homo poly-S, RAFT macroinitiator, and poly(S-b-MMA) block copolymers were carried out by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis and elemental analysis.
UV ile Işınlanmış Seryum Katkılı Sr3Y2(BO3)4 Fosforunun Termolüminesans Cevabı
Authors: UYSAL SATILMIŞ Sibel , EGE Arzu
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada UV radyasyonu ile ışınlanmış seryum nadir toprak iyonu katkılı stronsiyum itriyum borat (Sr3Y2(BO3)4:Ce) fosforunun termolüminesans özellikleri incelenmiştir. Sr3Y2(BO3)4:Ce fosforu katı-hal reaksiyon metodu ile sentezlenmiş ve X-ışını kırınımı (XRD) ve termolüminesans (TL) teknikleri kullanılarak karakterize edilmiştir. Termolüminesans ölçümleri 254, 302 ve 365 nm dalga boyuna sahip UV radyasyonu ile ışınlanmış fosfor için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Doz cevabı ve sönümleme özellikleri, 254 nm dalga boyuna sahip UV radyasyonu ile ışınlanmış Sr3Y2(BO3)4: Ce fosforu için araştırılmıştır. Şu anki bilgimize göre bu fosforun termolüminesans özellikleri üzerine herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır.