bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise termográfica da região periorbital em crianças respiradoras orais e nasais
Authors: Silva Júlia Ana Soares , Valentim Amanda Freitas , Telson Yasmim Carvalho , Salles Patrícia Vieira , Amaral Mariana Souza , Gama Ana Cristina Côrtes , Franco Letícia Paiva , Motta Andréa Rodrigues , Furlan Renata Maria Moreira Moraes
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Objetivo verificar se o modo respiratório interfere na temperatura superficial da região periorbital e propor um método para análise termográfica dessa região. Método estudo exploratório observacional e transversal. As imagens termográficas de 14 crianças respiradoras orais e 14 respiradoras nasais foram coletadas e analisadas pelo programa Visionfy (Thermofy®, Brasil) com a escala de cor mama 1. Utilizou-se a ferramenta elipse para delimitação da região de interesse (ROI), região periorbital, e uma forma personalizada para subdividir a região de interesse em quatro arcos. Foram coletadas as temperaturas máxima, média e mínima (absolutas e normalizadas) dos arcos. Foram realizadas comparação inter e intra-avaliador e análise comparativa das temperaturas entre os grupos. No grupo de respiradores orais realizou-se a comparação entre as temperaturas e as variáveis presença de prurido, hiperemia, lacrimejamento e edema oculares. Resultados a concordância intra-avaliador foi satisfatória para a maior parte das temperaturas analisadas. A concordância interavaliador, em geral, foi excelente para as temperaturas máximas, boa para as médias e ruim para as mínimas. Houve associação entre a presença de edema ocular e as temperaturas dos arcos superior e inferior direito, bem como entre a presença de prurido e a temperatura máxima do arco superior direito. Conclusão o método proposto mostrou concordância intra e interavaliador satisfatória para as temperaturas máxima e média. Verificou-se associação entre edema ocular e as temperaturas analisadas no grupo de respiradores orais. O modo respiratório não apresentou associação com temperatura da região periorbital.
O alcance das ações de repertório do movimento LGBTQIA+ Grupo Matizes nos Poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário do Piauí
Authors: Sousa Libni Milhomem , Perez Olívia Cristina
Published: February 2025

Resumo Este artigo verifica o alcance das ações de um movimento social LGBTQIA+ brasileiro, o Grupo Matizes, no âmbito dos Poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário do estado do Piauí, entre os anos de 2002 e 2023. A pesquisa qualitativa e documental coletou e analisou o conteúdo de leis, decretos, convênios e resoluções estaduais e municipais, além de duas ações civis públicas em que o Grupo Matizes colaborou para a aprovação de marcos no campo LGBTQIA+. Para complementar os dados, foram realizadas entrevistas com três ativistas daquele movimento social LGBTQIA+. Os resultados apontam que as ações de repertório eleitas pelo Grupo Matizes foram viabilizadas pelas oportunidades políticas com a chegada do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) ao poder. Concluímos que as aprovações de políticas públicas, leis e direitos para a população LGBTQIA+ no Piauí ocorreram pelo uso simultâneo das ações de repertório utilizadas pelo movimento social LGBTQIA+ nos Três Poderes. As reflexões apresentadas neste artigo contribuem para os estudos sobre as influências dos movimentos sociais no Estado e especificamente sobre direitos LGBTQIA+.
Do apartheid ao aparthaids: uma reflexão sobre epidemia de HIV/Aids em Guiné-Bissau
Authors: Sanca Amiry Monteiro , Paiva Tiago Sousa , Rocha Cristianne Maria Famer , Riquinho Deise Lisboa
Published: February 2025

Este estudo objetivou refletir sobre a persistência e a agudização da epidemia de HIV/Aids em Guiné-Bissau e a (im)possibilidade de o país cumprir as metas estabelecidas pelo Programa Conjunto das Nações Unidas sobre HIV/AIDS para o ano de 2025. Estudo do tipo reflexivo. A pobreza, a instabilidade político-econômica e a diversidade cultural são destacadas nas análises, geralmente, como principal e/ou fator exclusivo para a persistência da epidemia de HIV em Guiné-Bissau. Tal visão simplista e reducionista ignora (propositalmente) a política de gestão da morte nas escalas global e nacional. Assinala-se a urgência de uma postura crítica da mídia, de órgãos de advocacy e ativistas dos direitos humanos a um engajamento teórico-prático que busca não apenas desmantelar a visão de que os fatores socioeconômicos e culturais são o fulcro da epidemia de HIV, mas destacar o uso desse vírus como instrumento da necropolítica.
Community-based health communication model as maternal mortality mitigation
Authors: Andung Petrus Ana , Jelahut Felisianus Efrem , Swan Maria V.D. Pabha , Ali Mohd. Nor Shahizan
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to map a community-based health communication model as a mitigation effort to reduce the risk of maternal mortality in Indonesia using a social support theory. To achieve the objective, a case study method was adopted, and data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions, and document review. The results showed that community-based health communication through the Alert Church and Village programs effectively mitigated the risk of maternal mortality in the South Central Timor Regency. This method includes the active participation of the community in monitoring the health of pregnant women within the village.
Alimentação e Nutrição: Interface das Políticas Públicas do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional para a Agenda 2030
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Leschaud de , Gonçalves Mônica Rocha , Machado Alisson Diego , Carvalho Aline Martins de
Published: February 2025

Os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da Agenda 2030, publicados pela Organização das Nações Unidas, fornecem as bases para o desenvolvimento sustentável em nível mundial. Este estudo teve por objetivo relacionar os programas e políticas públicas nacionais de alimentação e nutrição do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, vigentes na última década, às metas propostas dos ODS 2 (Fome Zero e Agricultura Sustentável) e 3 (Saúde e Bem-Estar), utilizando como método a pesquisa documental nas plataformas on-line dos órgãos oficiais. Elaborou-se um quadro relacional das políticas de alimentação e nutrição e as metas propostas dos ODS, demonstrando encaminhamento do país ao cumprimento da Agenda 2030. No entanto, observou-se um retrocesso em relação às metas, apesar da presença de diversas políticas públicas, programas e estratégias nacionais na área alimentar.
Estágio em compreensão social em saúde na odontologia: a relação teoria e prática do binômio saúde-doença integrado ao ecossistema socioeconômico-cultural
Authors: Fonseca Luciara Leão Viana , Oliveira Simone Gomes Dias de , Fonseca Maria Luíza Viana
Published: February 2025

Tradicionalmente, cursos de Graduação em Odontologia apresentavam modelo tradicional de ensino, adepto ao paradigma biomédico e à formação de competências para atuação no setor privado. Por meio do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), estratégias foram propostas para favorecer mudanças no processo formativo, coerentes com as necessidades da população e do SUS. O artigo relata a experiência de um curso de Odontologia com a implementação do estágio curricular “Compreensão Social em Saúde” nos períodos iniciais do curso, desenvolvido em diferentes equipamentos sociais, transcendendo os espaços usuais das instituições de saúde como cenários de prática. A experiência dos discentes foi avaliada mediante relatórios descritivos e roda de conversa. As conclusões quanto ao impacto do estágio na formação dos estudantes apontam maior compreensão do contexto social, sensibilização às desigualdades sociais, empatia e conscientização sobre o papel do profissional de saúde na sociedade.
Live non-human primate trafficking in Bangladesh: A growing threat to the remaining populations
Authors: Maria Marjan , Shimu Mst Sadia Afrin , Al-Razi Hassan
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Despite being crucial to forest ecosystems and biodiversity, primates globally face severe threats from trafficking, driven by demands for pets, traditional medicine, and biomedical research. Primate trafficking is a little-known issue in Bangladesh and has not been well-documented. This study investigates the recent trends and patterns of primate trafficking in Bangladesh from January 2021 to June 2024, utilizing secondary data from online news portals. We documented 19 trafficking incidents involving 32 primates across ten districts. Five species were identified as trafficked, with the capped langur, Bengal slow loris, and Western Hoolock Gibbon being the most affected. Traffickers predominantly targeted juveniles due to their manageability and appeal. Most of the animals were sourced from the Chattogram division and transported using public transport, with most interceptions made by the Bangladesh Police. Our findings highlight a structured trafficking network and call for comprehensive studies to trace the trafficking routes and economic transactions. This study underscores the urgent need for enhanced conservation measures, stricter enforcement of wildlife protection laws, and regional cooperation to combat primate trafficking effectively.
Optimization of Encapsulating Lemuru Fish Protein Hydrolysate Process by Spray-Drying Using Response Surface Method
Authors: Hanifah Ayu , Kosasih Wawan , Ratnaningrum Diah , Andriani Dian , Putra Herlian Eriska , Yelliantty  , Priatni Sri
Published: February 2025

Research background. Encapsulating Lemuru fish protein hydrolysate is important to maintaining its stability. However, optimal conditions for the encapsulation process of Lemuru fish protein hydrolysate using statistical methods remain unexplored. This study aims to address this problem by optimizing the encapsulation conditions.
Experimental approach. Maltodextrin and gum Arabic were used as carrier agents, with mass per volume ratio ranging from 10 to 30 %, and spray dryer inlet temperatures between 90 and 100 °C. By employing the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), this research analyzes the main interactions of these variables.
Results and conclusions. Our findings indicate that mass per volume ratio of maltodextrin of 25 % and inlet temperature of 100 °C are the optimal conditions for fish protein hydrolysate encapsulation. The optimal conditions achieved a high desirability index of 0.864, indicating an effective balance between yield, solubility and hygroscopicity. The actual measurements also fall well within the confidence interval of the predicted values, confirming the robustness of the model and the reliability of the predicted optimal encapsulation conditions. Characterizations were conducted using FTIR, SEM, and PSA to validate these results, comparing encapsulated fish protein hydrolysate with its non-encapsulated counterpart. The encapsulated fish protein hydrolysate exhibited distinct features, such as the presence of functional groups from maltodextrin, interconnected particle, and more homogenous and narrower particle size distribution.
Novelty and scientific contribution. Lemuru fish protein hydrolysate encapsulation process using maltodextrin with mass per volume ratio of 25 % and inlet temperature 80 °C was successful in improving the properties of the protein hydrolysate. Further research should explore the functional properties of fish protein hydrolysate.
Problems of communication between a doctor and a patient in the provision of primary health care: possible solutions
Authors: Davidov D.R. , Moskvicheva A.S. , Shikina I.B. , Shubina L.B.
Published: February 2025

Professionally constructed communicative act allows to increase the confidence in doctor and compliance to treatment in patient, satisfaction with medical consultation of both participants, reduce the risk of emotional burnout and negligence of medical professional. Despite the active attention to the issue of communication in medicine and performance of numerous trainings, the problem persists regardless of doctor’s employment period in specialty, including due to the lack of communicative models that meet the needs of specialists. Objective. To study the influence of communicative model developed by the authors on the level of doctor’s and patient’s satisfaction with medical consultation; to identify the most problematic points of interaction for analysis and further improvement. Materials and methods. Doctors and patients were asked to assess their satisfaction with the medical consultation in the outpatient setting by filling out an authorial anonymous questionnaire twice before and after the training of doctors on the use of the communication model. At the first and second stages, 160 questionnaires were completed (80 questionnaires for doctors and 80 — for patients). The questionnaires were statistically processed, data were formed into graphs. Results. Satisfaction with medical consultation increased in both doctors and patients after the training completion. The most noticeable changes affected the beginning of consultation, logic and structure of discussions, increase of patient’s involvement and consultation summing up. Low scores were maintained in the evaluation of possibility of discussing the patient’s doubts, expectations and fears, so further research is needed. Additionally, a higher coincidence frequency of ratings by doctors and patients on similar questionnaire items has been noted. Conclusion. Following the proposed communicative model during the attendance has allowed to increase the doctor’s and patient’s satisfaction with medical consultation. Indirectly this result has an impact on the increase of patient’s compliance and reduction of doctor’s emotional burnout risk.
The effectiveness evaluation of a single primary motivational counseling in patients with obesity and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Eliashevich S.O. , Orekhova A.V. , Filichkina E.M. , Yarovaya E.B. , Drapkina O.M.
Published: February 2025

Obesity and cardiovascular pathology are chronic non-communicable diseases. Motivational preventive training for patients with this pathology is a part of complex treatment in combination with drug therapy. Objective. To determine the alimentary-dependent cardiovascular risk in stationary patients with obesity and cardiovascular pathology, assess the efficacy of one-time primary motivational counseling regarding changes in body weight, waist circumference, and eating habits after 6 months. Materials and methods. The study involved 137 stationary patients with cardiovascular diseases and obesity. The median age was 61.0 [48.0; 67.0] years, and the median body mass index was 34.34 [32.01; 36.98] kg/m2. All patients were polled, assessed for anthropometric indicators and metabolic profile of their lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and passed motivational counseling to adjust their nutrition. After 6 months, they passed a phone survey to assess the dynamics in body weight, waist circumference, and eating habits. Results. 67.9% of patients had a moderate alimentary-dependent cardiovascular risk. Six months after the motivational counseling, 87.5% of patients started consuming 400 g/day of vegetables, 82.8% were consuming 400 g/day of fruits, 70.3% have added 20 g/day of nuts to their diet, 59.4% started practicing “fish days” twice a week (p<0.05). Besides, 15% of patients observed a decrease in abdominal obesity. 65% of patients were losing weight, including minus 5% from the initial body weight in 29% (40/137) of patients and minus 10% in 17.5% (24/137). Conclusion. A one-time primary motivational counseling for patients with cardiovascular pathology and obesity at hospital admission positively affects changes in their nutrition and anthropometric indicators.
The role of adiposopathy in the development of obesity-related diseases
Authors: Kim O.T. , Dadaeva V.A. , Lebedeva D.I. , Drapkina O.M.
Published: February 2025

Obesity is associated with many related diseases. However, the mechanisms of their occurrence are still not clear. Purpose of the review. To analyze the role of adipozopathy in the mechanism of developing obesity-related diseases. Materials and Methods. The search for published data was made in the MedLine (PubMed) and eLibrary databases. Results. An adipose tissue growth theory suggests that adipose tissue expansion is not due to an increase in absolute number of adipose tissue cells but their growing ability to accumulate lipids and thus influence the metabolic homoeostasis. When the adipose tissue expansion limit is achieved, the lipids migrate and deposit in other organs. Ectopic accumulation of lipids causes lipotoxic effects resulting in metabolic diseases. This review discusses possible mechanisms of adipose tissue expansion disorders and examples of diseases that confirm this theory. Conclusion. A weight loss program adaptation to improve an individual’s metabolic indices instead of general values based on population studies may result in more successful treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases.
The development of an Emotional Regulation Scale for Adolescents***
Authors: Strauss Monique , Raubenheimer Jacques Eugene , Campher Daleen , Coetzee Charika , Diedericks Amorise , Gevers Heidi Danielle , Green Karla , Van Niekerk Sandre
Published: February 2025

Emotional regulation is an important skill enabling or disabling the occupational engagement of adolescent clients. Evaluation is a key concept in the occupational therapy process, informing treatment approaches and outcomes. The authors could not identify a scale measuring emotional regulation strategies used by adolescent in the literature. A quantitative, descriptive study was done following a process of scale development. A survey with 78 items was designed which 404 adolescents from a tertiary institution completed. From the results, a provisional scale was developed, measuring emotional regulation strategies used by adolescents. The scale has 39 items, consisting of five emotional regulation strategy categories, named Comfort and Sharing, Antisocial behaviour, Creative Activities, Physical Activities and Eating. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model proved the provisional scale, as well as the items, to be reliable. Further research for the development and the refinement of this scale is recommended. The use of an emotional regulation scale could assist the occupational therapist in understanding the adolescent client's emotional regulation strategies or lack thereof.KEY WORDS: Emotional regulation, Adolescents, Structural Equation Modelling
2803 Prediction and Measurement of Blast Induced Rock Fragmentation-A Case Study of Kajiado County Quarries-Kenya
Authors: Alunda Benard Ouma , Mutinda Emmanuel Kiamba , Ondicho Ibrahim Onsomu , Agyekum Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

This research is motivated by the need to enhance blast performance in limestone mines in relation to fragment size distribution. Post-blast rock size distribution dramatically influences the efficiency of all the downstream rock handling and processing hence the need for accurate prediction and measurement of blast fragment size distribution is of great importance in hard rock drilling and blasting. Secondary breakage as a result of poor fragmentation results in an unnecessary increase in production cost. This research paper presents blast fragmentation prediction using the Modified Kuz-Ram (MKR) and Kuznetsov-Cunningham-Ouchterlony (KCO) fragmentation models, a case study of two limestone quarries in the Rift Valley part of Kenya. Split-Desktop was used in the measurement of the blasted rock fragment distribution. Comparison analysis was performed using correlation and regression analysis, and the results showed that KCO is the recommended blast prediction and optimization model in both quarries.
VALIDAÇÃO EMPÍRICA DE INSTRUMENTOS PSICOSSOCIAIS PARA AVALIAÇÃO E DIAGNÓSTICO DA SUPERDOTAÇÃO SEXUAL NO CONTEXTO EDUCACIONAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Breviário Álaze Gabriel do , Lopes Valdimeire Silvestre , Fróes Deusirene Souza da Silva , Rebello Flávia Adriana Santos , Lucena João Batista , Rago Logan Faedda , Rocha Leliane Aparecida Castro , Silva Ayla Limeira da
Published: February 2025

Esta pesquisa investiga a superdotação sexual, um conceito multifacetado que integra dimensões cognitivas, emocionais, interpessoais e criativas, no contexto educacional e psicossocial brasileiro. A temática aborda a inclusão de talentos em dimensões ainda pouco exploradas, destacando-se por sua relevância contemporânea. A problemática centra-se na ausência de instrumentos validados para diagnosticar essa manifestação específica de superdotação. O objetivo principal foi validar instrumentos capazes de medir essa dimensão, considerando aspectos culturais e práticos. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa adotou o paradigma neoperspectivista giftedeano, fundamentado nas teorias das inteligências múltiplas, da inteligência emocional e do modelo trifocal de superdotação. Foi conduzida uma Revisão Bibliográfica e Documental Narrativa com 57 trabalhos selecionados de bases como Scopus, Web of Science e PubMed. Empregou-se o método hipotético-dedutivo para estruturar as análises, que incluíram análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias, comprovando a validade e confiabilidade dos instrumentos (Alpha de Cronbach de 0,87 a 0,92). Os principais achados incluem a identificação de três fatores subjacentes à superdotação sexual e a validação empírica de instrumentos adaptados ao contexto brasileiro. Foram encontradas lacunas relacionadas à exploração de diferenças regionais e culturais mais amplas. As limitações envolvem a concentração da amostra e a ausência de dados qualitativos. As contribuições incluem avanços teóricos, metodológicos e práticos, agregando valor à inclusão e à compreensão da diversidade de talentos.
VALIDAÇÃO EMPÍRICA DE UM INSTRUMENTO MULTIDIMENSIONAL PARA AVALIAÇÃO E DIAGNÓSTICO DE SUPERDOTAÇÃO: UMA ABORDAGEM INTEGRATIVA PARA OS TIPOS ACADÊMICO, CRIATIVO-PRODUTIVO, METAFÍSICO-ESPIRITUAL, SEXUAL E BULK
Authors: Breviário Álaze Gabriel do , Lopes Valdimeire Silvestre , Fróes Deusirene Souza da Silva , Rebello Flávia Adriana Santos , Lucena João Batista , Rago Logan Faedda , Rocha Leliane Aparecida Castro , Silva Ayla Limeira da
Published: February 2025

Esta pesquisa aborda a avaliação e o diagnóstico da superdotação, com foco em dimensões acadêmicas, criativo-produtivas, metafísico-espirituais, sexuais e integrativas. Contextualizada na necessidade de instrumentos multidimensionais adaptados à realidade brasileira, a problemática destacou a ausência de ferramentas abrangentes e validadas para captar a complexidade dessa temática. O objetivo principal foi validar empiricamente um instrumento capaz de avaliar todas as dimensões mencionadas de forma integrada. A pesquisa adotou o paradigma neoperspectivista giftedeano, incorporando teorias como a Teoria de Resposta ao Item, o modelo dos Três Anéis e a inteligência emocional de Bar-On. Utilizou o método hipotético-dedutivo e realizou uma Revisão Bibliográfica e Documental Narrativa em bases como Scopus e Web of Science, analisando 57 trabalhos relevantes. As análises estatísticas incluíram análise fatorial exploratória, confirmatória e modelagem de equações estruturais, demonstrando alta confiabilidade e validade dos instrumentos. Os principais achados incluíram a identificação de um modelo robusto para a superdotação Bulk e a validação empírica de instrumentos aplicáveis ao contexto educacional brasileiro. Lacunas envolvem maior exploração da dimensão sexual e diversificação de amostras culturais. Limitações metodológicas foram reconhecidas, mas as contribuições incluem avanços teóricos e empíricos que agregam valor à ciência, à educação e à sociedade, promovendo inclusão e compreensão dos potenciais humanos.
Diseases Transmitted by Vectors: Possible Examples of Lymphatic Filariasis, Malaria and Schistosomiasis
Authors: Jeyatheepan Jeyaretnam
Published: February 2025

Human health is affected by climate change, which has a significant impact on pathogens (parasites, viruses, and bacteria), vectors, and reservoir hosts, affecting the transmission of many vector-borne diseases. Multiple vectors have expanded their latitudinal and altitudinal range, and the length of the season in which they are active is increasing. It is expected that these trends will continue as the climate continues to warm. In this review, it is presumed that lymphatic filariasis, malaria, and schistosomiasis are a concern, and emphasis is placed on the treatment options for these diseases. This will provide awareness and emphasize the importance of preventative measures such as vaccinations, vector control, and personal protective measures.
A Novel Quick Response Code Generator and Scanning System for Counterfeit Product Detection Using Product Inherent Features
Authors:   PhD. Student, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, Wosu Jeremiah T , Chukwudebe Gloria A , Agubor Cosmas K , Ezema Longinus S , Nwanga Mathew E
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The study aims to build trust in the relationships between producers, distributors, retailers, and final consumers in society by reducing product counterfeiting to the barest minimum. Methods: This study presents the use of a Quick Response (QR) Code Generator (QRCG) to store the fundamental manufacturing features of a product and for quick and accurate verification of originality on validation. The quickness and efficiency of the developed system were verified using the speed of execution and the probability of obtaining the wrong result or the detection accuracy. Object-oriented systems modeling was adopted alongside the Rapid Unified Process (RUP) software development approach in designing the novel QR code generator. Findings: The Novel QRCG demonstrated good performance as it comprehensively captures the prime features of singular products and readily validates their originality concerning speed and accuracy when a product is subjected to it to verify originality and detect counterfeits. The execution speed was virtually constant as it lies between 9ms - 10ms with zero probability of obtaining a wrong result on scanning a product. Novelty: A Novel QR code generator and scanning system for detecting product counterfeits using the product’s inherent features is presented. To enhance the security of the QR code, an intrinsic feature of the product and a Copy Sensitive Graphical Code (CSGC) is inserted into the QR code.

Keywords: Counterfeit Product Detection, QR Code, QR Code Generator, Product Inherent Features, Product Originality Verification, Scanning System
Immunohistochemistry for Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) Detection in Brain Sections v1
Authors: Graziano Marta
Published: February 2025

This protocol describes the immunohistochemical staining procedure for detecting Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) in brain sections using primary antibodies and fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibodies. The protocol ensures optimal signal specificity and preservation of tissue morphology.
MTT assay v1
Authors: Anuchapreeda Songyot , Okonogi Siriporn , Sasarom Mathurada
Published: February 2025

MTT assay was performed to investigate the cytotoxicity of samples against normal cells and leukemic cell lines according to these methods of Rueankham et al., 2023 and Moschini et al.,2023. The MTT dye is converted by NAD(P)H-dependent cellular oxidoreductase from viable mitochondria into insoluble formazan crystals.
The Importance of the Interdisciplinary Nature of the Institution of Exemption from Criminal Liability
Authors: Danilenko I. A. , Vasiliev N. V.
Published: February 2025

The paper, studying several decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, examines the interdisciplinary nature of exemption from criminal liability and the mutual influence of criminal law and criminal procedure legislation on the norms of this institution. Based on practical experience, the legislator currently continues to make changes to this institution. Thus, exemption from criminal liability can be considered as an absolutely independent and separate inter-branch institution, which establishes a direct influence of the inter-branch nature of exemption from criminal liability not only on its internal «compromise» nature, but also on the procedure for its implementation. Exemption from criminal liability is not a strict imperative consequence of objectively determined circumstances of criminal law, but the result of the choice and agreement of two parties in criminal proceedings when such circumstances arise.
Buffer Zones of World Natural Heritage Sites in Russian and Foreign Practice
Authors: Kolobov R. Yu.
Published: February 2025

The paper analyzes international legal structure of the buffer zone and covers the use of buffer zones in various types of human activities. The different functional orientations of buffer zones are noted, united by their common purpose — smoothing out social conflicts. The genesis of this phenomenon in the international regulatory system and national legal orders is considered, and the special role of the experience of creating buffer zones in the system of biosphere reserves is shown. The legal framework governing the buffer zone regime in the Guidelines for the Implementation of the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage has been subjected to a detailed analysis. The foreign practice of creating buffer zones at world natural heritage sites is studied, and the diversity of their spatial configuration and functional orientation is shown. The features of creating buffer zones of World Natural Heritage sites in Russia are analyzed. Various options for implementing the recommendation of the monitoring mission of the World Heritage Centre and the International Union for Conservation of Nature to create a buffer zone of Lake Baikal as a World Heritage Site are shown.
Regional Source-Type Discrimination Using Nonlinear Alignment Algorithms
Authors: Ramos Marlon D. , Tibi Rigobert , Young Christopher J. , Emry Erica L.
Published: February 2025

The discrimination problem in seismology aims to accurately classify different underground source types based on local, regional, and/or teleseismic observations of ground motion. Typical discriminant approaches are rooted in fundamental, physics-based differences in radiation pattern or wave excitation, which can be frequency-dependent and may not make use of the full waveform. In this article, we explore whether phase and amplitude distances derived from dynamic time warping (DTW) and elastic shape analysis (ESA) can inform event discrimination. We demonstrate the ability to distinguish underground point sources using synthetic waveforms calculated for a 1D Earth model and various source mechanisms. We then apply the method to recorded data from events in the Korean Peninsula, which includes declared nuclear explosions, a collapse event, and naturally occurring earthquakes. Phase and amplitude distances derived from DTW and ESA are then used to classify the event types via dendrogram and k-nearest-neighbor clustering analyses. Using information from the full waveform, we show how different underground sources can be distinguished at regional distances. We highlight the potential of these nonlinear alignment algorithms for discrimination and comment on ways we can extend the framework presented here.
Trigeminal neuralgia - Overview
Authors:   University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Sveinsson Olafur , Arkink Enrico ,   University of Iceland, Department of Radiology, Universitiy Hospital of Iceland, Ulfarsson Elfar , Thors Brynhildur
Published: February 2025

Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common cause of facial pain in individuals over 50 years old and can have a profoundly negative impact on quality of life. Epidemiological studies have measured the annual incidence of trigeminal neuralgia at around 4–5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. In Iceland, this would amount to about 16–20 new cases annually. The incidence increases steadily with age, peaking between 50 and 70 years. The pain is sudden and often compared to an electric shock. The attacks usually occur in the second or third branches of the trigeminal nerve. The pain is often triggered by sensory stimulation. Chewing, brushing teeth, speaking, or exposure to cold wind on the face, can all trigger an attack. The most common cause of trigeminal neuralgia is believed to be pressure from a nearby blood vessel on the nerve at its origin in the brainstem. Other underlying causes include multiple sclerosis (MS), tumors and in some cases, no cause is found. Treatment for trigeminal neuralgia involves medication with drugs such as carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, gabapentin, or various types of surgical procedures. This article will review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
Radiogenic Isotope and Ionic Concentration Ratios Reveal Hydrologic Mixing,
Subsurface Residence Time, and Cross-Basin Transfer in a Snow-Fed Mountain Karst
Watershed
Authors: Ashmead Nathaniel
Published: February 2025

Snow-fed karst aquifers support various complex ecosystems and provide a vital
water source to communities worldwide. Due to their nature and distribution,
these watersheds may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate
change. Water resource managers can mitigate uncertainty from climate impacts
with accurate predictions of future water availability provided by hydrologic
models. While many such models exist, their effectiveness at predicting
streamflow in snow-fed karst watersheds is limited by a lack of insight into the
significance of cross-basin groundwater transfers. This study used radiogenic
isotope and ionic concentration ratios as natural tracers to detect cross-basin
transfer between two adjacent tributaries of the highly karstified Logan River
watershed. When normalized by area, these basins, which appear similar and
receive nearly identical precipitation inputs, show a 20-fold difference in
streamflow. To test to what extent cross-basin transfer could account for this
difference, two synoptic sampling events were conducted in June and October 2022
(encompassing high/low flow conditions). Along with flow measurements, water
samples were collected and analyzed for ionic concentration and
87Sr/86Sr and 234U/238U ratios.
These data were combined into multi-component mixing models, from which
endmembers were assigned based on spatial distribution and chemical/isotopic
ratios. This analysis showed that water in these basins is composed of a mixture
of short residence-time (RT) snowmelt and longer RT groundwater influenced by
flow through soil/bedrock comprising quartzite, limestone, and dolostone
endmembers. Samples from the top of the high and low-flow reaches are
distinguished by their proportions of limestone vs. dolostone endmembers,
respectively, through Mg-Ca-Sr concentration ratios. Springs within both basins
follow a general trend of increasing RT with downstream distance as recorded by
higher 234U/238U via alpha recoil. Only three
low-discharge springs within the high-flow catchment show evidence of
cross-basin transfers from the low-flow basin based on mixing in Sr-U isotope
ratio space. These results suggest that while cross-basin transfers occur
between these basins, the majority of the flow imbalance is due to additional
groundwater losses from the low-flow basin to other ungauged catchments to the
east, consistent with hypothesized groundwater routing through subsurface fold
and fault geometry. Using natural tracers to detect cross-basin transfer in
snow-fed karst aquifers could improve the ability of hydrologic models to
predict future water availability.
Redefining Missing in the Third Space of Sovereignty
Authors: Fillmore Melanie
Published: February 2025

This three-article dissertation addresses how Indigenous and non-Indigenous state
and non-state policy actors collaborating on Idaho missing and murdered
Indigenous persons (MMIP) policy shift the Integrative Framework for
Collaborative Governance (IFCG) policy context to the ‘third space of
sovereignty’ (Bruyneel, 2007). In a space of competing narratives of authority
across time, and space, paper one addresses how Indigenous and non-Indigenous
policy actors are shaped by the “drivers” of collaboration. The second paper
addresses three key configurations of collaborative governance regimes. The
third paper reassesses the scope of Idaho MMIP through a comparison of MMIP
cases in 2021 and 2023 as a policy impact. Findings suggest Indigenous policy
actors develop consequential incentives, collaborative governance regimes, and
assess the scope of MMIP to redefine missing within the ‘third space of
sovereignty’.
Health Literacy and Cervical Cancer Prevention Behaviors Among Hispanic Women
in Idaho
Authors: Flores Delmy
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Explore relationships between health literacy, culture, accessibility and
utilization of health care services, patient/provider communication, and
“self-care” factors that influence cervical cancer prevention behaviors (i.e.,
HPV vaccination and screening) among Hispanic women between 40-65 years old
living in Idaho. These factors were explored in relation to how participants
obtained, processed, and understood information about cervical cancer and its
prevention. Understanding these factors and potential relationships to health
literacy is pivotal for tailoring effective communication strategies and
interventions within this specific demographic.

Methods

Recruited (n=15) Hispanic women living in Idaho, between 40-65 years old, to
participate in a semi-structured qualitative interview in either English or
Spanish via telephone, Zoom, or in-person. Using thematic analysis and
snowballing sampling.

Results

Three themes emerged: (1) I do it but I don’t know why, (2) Internet or bilingual
providers over interpreters, and (3) Reminders are important. Insights from this
study highlight critical areas for targeted education and interventions to
enhance understanding and foster trust among this demographic. By exploring
health literacy and preventive behaviors related to cervical cancer, I revealed
a notable lack of knowledge concerning cervical cancer, its significance, and
the relationship between interpreters, health care providers, and participants
that needs further exploration.

Conclusion

Recognizing the association between health literacy and preventive behaviors
related to cervical cancer is crucial. This study revealed a notable lack of
knowledge concerning cervical cancer, its significance, and the rationale behind
undergoing Pap smears among Hispanic women (n=15) in Idaho. Findings from this
study can provide insight into the underlying reasons for engaging in preventive
behaviors.
Cutting the Gordian Knot
Authors: Gillies Nolan
Published: February 2025

Macedonian national identity is an extremely contentious topic in Balkan history.
At different points in time, its validity as a political and state entity has
been disputed, and its existence denied by all of its neighbors. Historically,
Macedonia’s strongest detractor has been Bulgaria. The history of both nations
is intertwined, and Bulgaria refutes Macedonian claims to nation and statehood
claiming that Macedonians are truly Bulgarians who have been brainwashed by
Yugoslav nation-building efforts from 1944 to Macedonia’s independence in 1991.
As a result, relations between the two states have been strained for decades
since the 1940s.

This thesis aims to track the origins of Macedonian identity through the
nineteenth century to the present, and examine its relationship with Bulgarian
identity. In addition, it leverages current theories of nationalism and
ethnicity from multiple academic disciplines to explain why Macedonian identity
resonates with its population despite concerted efforts by the Greek, Bulgarian,
and Serbian states to assimilate Macedonians throughout the twentieth century.
This thesis offers a new explanation of the relationship between Macedonian and
Bulgarian history and nationalism without denying their interconnectedness, nor
the agency of Macedonians in constructing their own identity.
A Survey on Homomorphic Encryption Based on the Learning with Rounding
Problem
Authors: Montoya Jose Manuel
Published: February 2025

Much of modern day cryptography deals with the notion of security and efficiency.
The main concern with any cryptosystem deals with the practicality of being able
to implement any encryption algorithm over large data sets. In this paper, we
will look at the various properties of the Learning With Rounding problem (LWR)
which comes from the Learning With Errors problem (LWE) first introduced by Oded
Regev. We will also present the topic of Homomorphic Encryption (HE) as well as
its three variants: Partially Homomorphic Encryption (PHE), Somewhat Homomorphic
Encryption (SHE), and Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). This paper also
highlights SABER, a cryptographic system based on LWR. The purpose of this paper
is to investigate the implications of a Homomorphic Encryption scheme based on
LWR that may lead to further research on the topic.
Patterns of Non-Consumptive Public Land Users: How Do Birders Value Species
and Make Foraging Decisions
Authors: Waskovich Rebecca (Bekki) Ann
Published: February 2025

Non-consumptive wildlife-associated recreation has grown by over 1000% since
1970. While the number of consumptive users has remained largely unchanged.
Behavioral ecology and foraging theory can help to explain birder behavior to
ascertain recreationists’ values and motives while on the landscape. During the
Christmas Bird Counts of December 2022, 68 participants from Boise, Bruneau, and
Nampa, Idaho counts were surveyed. A subset of those participants (29)
volunteered to be interviewed further. Rarity and native species were found to
be a top value for birders with 127 unique species with low encounter rates
across all sites appeared in the top ranked species by participants. Invasives
and common birders were the least valued and only 31 unique species appeared in
the bottom rankings. The rarity of the species, the thrill of identifying a new
species, or adding to their list was indicated as important by 55% of
participants. Transmission of knowledge, particularly the use of apps such as
eBird was indicated in several results: equipment usage (93%), species
identification (79%), and where to bird (45%). The use of social cues and
successful trips highlights the usage of both patch and prey modeling behavior
for birders, whether they are seeking a biodiverse patch or a specific species
these values are transmitted through the foraging reporting of others. Studies
have previously focused on avitourism and destination birding, however this
study provides a pilot initiative into bridging a gap in the behavior and value
of birders in their local areas to potential management actions or conservation
involvement.
Interpretation and Robustness of Black-Box ML Models for Secure Cyber
Space
Authors: Ratul Qudrat E. Alahy
Published: February 2025

The advent of sophisticated Machine Learning (ML) models has revolutionized the
cybersecurity landscape, offering unprecedented capabilities to address complex
challenges. Despite the ML model's capabilities, such models are still perceived
as black boxes, the critical aspects of interpretability and robustness within
these models often remain underexplored, rendering them susceptible to
adversarial attacks and hindering their integration into sensitive applications.
This dissertation focuses on interpretability and robustness of black-box ML
models, aiming to fortify the cyberinfrastructure. Through a meticulous
investigation of advanced techniques and methodologies, this work contributes
towards elucidating and enhancing the interpretability and robustness of ML
models in cybersecurity contexts, thereby laying the groundwork for the
development of ML systems that are both reliable and trustworthy.

This research has four contributions: Firstly, it analyzes the resilience of
Automatic Scientific Claim Verification (ASCV) tools against sophisticated
adversarial rephrasing, underscoring the imperative for robust model design and
introducing an innovative attack model that crafts precise adversarial examples.
Secondly, it assesses the impact of attribution methods on improving ML
interpretability, highlighting their crucial role in fostering human-AI trust.
Thirdly, the dissertation introduces the Generality and Precision Shapley
Attributions (GAPS) method, a novel approach that enhances ML model
explanations. Lastly, as a possible use case, this thesis explores a few-shot
transfer learning approach tailored for rapid user personalization in
privacy-sensitive image classification, to show the practical applicability of
interpretable ML techniques within the privacy domain. Collectively, these
contributions not only advance the understanding of ML model dynamics but also
pave the way for their effective application in safeguarding cyberspaces.
Accessory cavitated uterine malformation: an underdiagnosed Mullerian anomaly
Authors: Elhabashy Ahmed , Elhabashy Moustafa , Salem Hassan
Published: February 2025

Background: Accessory cavitated uterine malformation (ACUM) is an extremely rare Mullerian anomaly that is not yet classified by the international societies as a type of uterine malformations. Due to its rarity, it is usually misdiagnosed as adenomyoma. Objective was to provide specific sonographic features of ACUM and differentiate it from the more common adenomyoma.
Methods: Our study is a comparative retrospective study. We presented the sonographic features of 3 cases of ACUM and compared these features with the sonographic features of 10 cases of adenomyoma. All cases had scanned by 2D and 3D luteal TVUS at Habashy 4D scan centre (Alexandria; Egypt) between June 2019 and June 2024. All the 13 cases in our study were had chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia with a lesion in the myometrium that was not matched with the whorly echotexture of myoma. We had described the sonographic characteristics of the lesion and matched them with the final diagnosis after histopathology.
Results: TVUS features of the 3 cases who had ACUM were cystic lesion within the lateral myometrial wall. Its content has ground glass echotexture. TVUS features of the 10 cases of adenomyoma were heterogeneous ill-defined solid myometrial lesion with translesional minimal flow.
Conclusions: ACUM is a rare uterine malformation that is usually misdiagnosed as adenomyoma. Distinction between these two pathologies is important as the treatment of both differ. ACUM is suggested in patients with pelvic pain when there is a myometrial cystic lesion separable from a normal uterine cavity and contained a ground-glass material.
Postnatal depression among Libyan women in Derna
Authors: Arhaiam Fawzia A. G. , Ajroud Soad , Elzahaf Raga A.
Published: February 2025

Background: Postnatal depression during postnatal period is a recurrence of pre-existing situation and one of the common types of mental health illness. Objectives were to explore the factors and prevalence of postnatal depression that influences on the women’s during postnatal period in Denra city and it surrounded suburbs.
Methods: Design A prospective study was carried out and survey of practice. We used Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) to collect data between January 2021 to December 2021 in Derna city and its suburbs.  Participances women who took part in the study, met specific criteria such as their baby being born within the previous twelve months.
Results: Overall, 100 women were included in this study. The mean age of women was 32.51±5.72 from 23 to 45 years. More than one third 36% of women were from Derna and 66% of women live in their own house. According to EPDS, found 47% of women were possible to expose to depression, 51% of women were complain from postnatal depression and 2% were attempted to suicide. The women delivered by caesarean section were at high risk of postnatal depression (p=0.001). 
Conclusions: Untreated postnatal depression led to harmful effect on the relationship between mother and her baby, her partner and other family members. lead to negative impact on society screening and early diagnosis for postpartum depression is important, essential and a vital role for health care professionals such as (midwives, health visitors, nurses and GPs).