bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategias inclusivas para el desarrollo de destrezas imprescindibles dentro de las prácticas lúdicas en estudiantes con TDAH
Authors: De la Cruz Vásquez Diego Marcelo , Chacha Quisnancela Luis Enrique , Loaiza Dávila Lenin Esteban , Maqueira Caraballo Giceya De La Caridad
Published: January 2025

Introducción. El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) afecta significativamente las destrezas imprescindibles dentro de las prácticas lúdicas, particularmente en las dimensiones emocionales, sociales, motrices y cognitivas, dificultando la participación de los estudiantes en clases de educación física. Objetivo. Diseñar e implementar estrategias inclusivas que favorezcan el desarrollo de Destrezas Imprescindibles Dentro de las Prácticas Lúdicas (DDIPL) en la educación física en estudiantes con TDAH. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo por diseño pre experimental, en una muestra de 14 estudiantes, incluidos 2 con TDAH, de una institución educativa en Ecuador. Se utilizó un instrumento validado con alfa de Cronbach de 0.814 para evaluar las dimensiones emocional, social, motriz y cognitiva, en dos periodos: pre y post intervención. Resultados. El análisis estadístico reveló diferencias significativas entre los periodos evaluados (p < 0.05) en todas las dimensiones evaluadas. Las dimensiones social y cognitiva presentaron los mayores incrementos en los valores medios, mientras que los niveles generales de DDIPL en la educación física se ubicaron mayoritariamente en las categorías "Alto" y "Muy alto". Conclusión. Las estrategias inclusivas implementadas facilitaron mejoras significativas en todas las dimensiones evaluadas dando cumplimiento al DDIPL en la educación física. Área de estudio general: Educación. Área de estudio específica: Educación Física Inclusiva. Tipo de estudio:  Artículos originales.
Comparative analysis of clinical and anthropometric parameters depending on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in overweight individuals
Authors: Sadykova Assel , Tazhibayeva Karlygash , Mussina Aiman , Amirseitova Farida , Abdrakhmanova Zinat , Anartaeva Maria , Nurgaliyeva Gulzada , Otynshiyeva Shynar
Published: January 2025

Backgroud Overweight and obesity are recognized as one of the most significant medical and social problems of modern health care. According to who, more than 1.7 billion people worldwide are overweight or obese. Despite the fact that many risk factors for their development are studied. There are only isolated studies on the peculiarities of ethnic and climatic-geographical characters. In this regard, we have studied the risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease and, first of all, the most accessible clinical and anthropometric parameters for research: age, height, body weight, BMI, OT (body circumference), SAD, DAP, heart rate.
The purpose of the study to analyze the clinical and anthropometric parameters depending on the risk factors for cardiovascular disease in overweight individuals.
Materials and methods It was revealed that out of 1143 respondents, the number of deceased persons was 213, which was 18.6% of the total number of those studied. The type of study is observational prospective cohort. In 2015, respondents were surveyed using survey maps similar to 2003, developed using standardized methods.
Results For 12 years (2003-2015) in the cohort we studied, there is a tendency to increase almost all clinical and anthropometric indicators (except growth, SAD, DAP), not only in people with hypertension, but also in those who do not have this disease.
Conclusion High risks of fatal complications due to socio-demographic, clinical-metabolic and behavioral factors of polymorbidity of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus dictate the need to take these factors into account when implementing a disease management program at the primary health care level.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 119-135
Physicians’ agreement with evidence-based guidelines for polycystic ovary syndrome management: implications for future policy and practice
Authors: Shakeel Sadia , Iffat Wajiha , Nesar Shagufta , Ishrat Madiha , Imtiaz Sanam , Huma Zille , Naseem Sobia , Rahim Meraj , Jamshed Shazia
Published: January 2025

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a frequently prevalent health issue that significantly affects women’s reproductive health. The prompt diagnosis and suitable treatment methods employed by medical professionals determine favorable clinical outcomes of the disease.
Objective The present study aimed to explore physicians’ agreement with the standard guidelines for PCOS diagnosis and treatment.
Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted using a selfadministered 36-item questionnaire at four public and three private tertiary care hospitals and different clinics in Karachi, Pakistan.
Results The overall response rate of the present study was 77.3%, with a mean age of 36.1±11.9 years. The Rotterdam criteria were the most commonly used measure for the diagnosis of PCOS by (n=112, 71.3%) respondents; however, the response rate varied significantly with their experience (p<0.001). Lifestyle modifications (n=149, 94.9%) and metformin (n=142, 90.4%) were the treatments most commonly prescribed by the respondents. Almost all the respondents (n=150, 95.5%) consider obesity, infertility, and hirsutism when prescribing hormonal medications for PCOS.
Conclusions The outcomes revealed a disparity in the diagnostic approaches of PCOS among the respondents. The findings can be used to establish strategies to raise knowledge among primary care physicians, shorten the time it takes to diagnose cases, and, ultimately, better manage women who have the condition.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 230-238
Coronary Angiographic Profile in Patients With Equivocal Stress Test.
Authors: Rahman Arifur , Rahman Md Hasanur , Iqbal Md Jabed , Mazumder Muhammed Muhiuddin , Hussain Mahfuza , Ferdoush Siraj Khondoker  Md , Hasan Mahbub , Ali Isha Abdullah , Latif Sayem Bin
Published: January 2025

Background Exercise tolerance test (ETT) is a well-known available and affordable noninvasive investigation for evaluation of CAD. But equivocal result create dilemma in their treatment strategy. Objective of the present study was to find the different angiographic pattern among the equivocal ETT patients.
Methods This is an observational study was done at, Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute from January 2018 to September 2018. 44 patients with equivocal ETT findings undergoing coronary angiogram were included. Clinical & angiographic findings were statistically analyzed.
Results During study period 1888 individuals were underwent ETT. Among them 308 (16.31%) patients had equivocal ETT. Only 44 (14.3%) of them underwent CAG. Male & female were equal. Angiographic study revealed 75% patients had normal & non-critical coronary arteries, significant single & double vessel involvements were 18.8% &6.82% respectively. There were no patients who had triple vessel disease.
Conclusion Obstructive CAD was found in one in five ‘‘equivocal” ETT. Severe Triple vessel disease or Left main CAD diseases were not found in CAG findings of ‘‘equivocal” ETT patients.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 264-267
Human Rights Obligations in FDI Operation: A Paradigm Shift in BITs
Authors: Rumana Islam
Published: January 2025

Incorporation of human rights obligations into bilateral investment treaties (BITs) is rare. However, with the rise of mega investment-related disputes in developing countries, there are growing concerns about the negative impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the human rights of the local population from various aspects, directly and indirectly. Apart from jus cogens norms, the international investment law does not impose any direct obligation on human rights in BITs. Therefore, the scope of ‘human rights’ within the present BITs is yet to be determined. There is a pressing need to include human rights obligations in BITs from various corners, including civil society and the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). This paper focuses on the changing paradigm of approaches adopted by the UN, UNCTAD, and scholars in advocating for the inclusion of human rights obligations in the context of FDI operations, mainly referring to the Ruggie Report (2011). The paper focuses on which set of human rights instruments should be referred to as the BITs and the appropriate mechanism to enforce those obligations, as well as addresses the challenges to implement. The paper aims to emphasise the fact that human rights will claim greater significance in future, and countries negotiating BITs will eventually be pushed forward to include human rights obligations, at least in response to growing concerns about the rightfulness of the treaty obligations of the current generation of BITs and the growing demand for more balanced BITs.
Dhaka University Law Journal, 2024, 35 (1), 31-52
Green Criminology and Environmental Harm: The Case for the (Potential) Crime of Ecocide under International Law
Authors: Pizuar Hossain Mohammad
Published: January 2025

Several decades have been spent by a significant number of international lawyers and environmental activists advocating for the establishment of a universally recognised legal definition of ecocide. This definition would refer to the widespread and long-lasting destruction of the environment attributable to human activities. They intend to establish ecocide as a criminal act under international law. On the other hand, ecocide has only recently gained momentous criminological interest over the last decade, coinciding with the emergence of green criminology, a critical criminological perspective that specifically addresses environmental crime and the detrimental effects of climate change. This article explores the role of green criminology in conceptualising ecocide as a legal notion or scheme to address the criminal acts or omissions that cause climate change and environmental degradation. It suggests that collaboration between international lawyers, environmental activists, and green criminologists is crucial to develop a comprehensive understanding of ecocide and push for its recognition as a crime within the framework of international law.
Dhaka University Law Journal, 2024, 35 (1), 217-234
Rapid Multiplication by Nodal Segment and Shoot tips through in vitro Micropropagation of Six Mulberry (Morus alba) Genotypes
Authors: Rahman Md Serajur , Islam SM Shahinul
Published: January 2025

A study was conducted to standardize in vitro propagation techniques of mulberry (Morus alba) using nodal segment and shoot tip culture. A high frequency of shooting (80%) from nodal segment and shoot tips (78%) were recorded on MS medium supplemented with various concentration and combination of BAP, Kn and two amino acids (L-asparagine and L-glutamine). BAP (2.0 mg/l) + NAA (0.2 mg/l) in addition with L-asparagine (1.0 mg/l) and L-glutamine (25 mg/l) with MS medium proven to be the best combination for multiple shoot formation in experimental mulberry genotypes. This medium facilitated the elongation of shoots and sprouting of axillary buds of in vitro grown shoots. Best performance was recorded in case of five genotypes viz. China white, BSRM19, BSRM63, BSRM34, and BSRM45 for calli induction and plant regeneration. 100% rooting was found when the medium was fortified half strength of MS + IBA (1.0 mg/l). The plantlets with well-formed root systems were gradually acclimatized in shade house using soil: coco peat (1:1) and finally plants were transferred to the field for further development.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 105-114, 2024 (December)
Genome-Wide Identification and In-silico Expression Analysis of Serine Carboxypeptidase-Like (SCPL) Proteins in Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Ahmed Faisal , Sultana Mst Tamima , Chowdhury Niloy , Sarkar Bivas Kumar , Al Amin G M , Islam Tahmina , Sharmin Ripa Akter
Published: January 2025

The serine carboxypeptidase-like (SCPL) protein family is crucial in plant development and stress response regulation. However, information on SCPL proteins in soybean remains limited. Here, we identified 84 GmSCPL genes distributed across 19 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis grouped GmSCPLs into three clusters, closely related to SCPLs in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Duplication analysis revealed 31 duplicated gene pairs, with 27 linked to whole-genome or segmental duplication and 4 to tandem duplication. Three hub genes, GmSCPL82, GmSCPL46, and GmSCPL16 were identified through protein-protein interaction analysis. Promoter regions predominantly contain cis-regulatory elements for light, hormone, environmental, and growth responses. RNA-seq data highlighted GmSCPL20, GmSCPL33, and GmSCPL76 as highly up-regulated under heat stress; GmSCPL40, GmSCPL64, and GmSCPL69 under drought; and GmSCPL2, GmSCPL27, and GmSCPL37 under salt stress. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the SCPL protein family in soybeans, offering a valuable foundation for future research on the role of SCPL genes in abiotic stress tolerance.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 217-235, 2024 (December)
Promising Current Trends of Plant Biotechnology and Prospective Future for Sustainable Development of Medicinal Plants and Their Applications in Phytotherapy
Authors: Arafa Nermeen Mohammad
Published: January 2025

Plant cell tissue and organ culture (PCTOC) technology is one of the most significant biotechnology branches, called plant biotechnology. It is applied in production and conservation of medicinal plants for phytotherapy, to combat communicable and non-communicable diseases. Plant biotechnology is a proven technique for quick propagation of medicinal plants, particular endangered species. Medicinal plants are the most valuable source of human life saving drugs that play an essential role in health issues mitigation all over the world's population. This current work intends to highlight the outlines of PCTOC biotechnology for enhancement of valuable bioactive metabolites accumulation in plant tissue yields of medicinal plants via elicitation processes using various biotic and abiotic elicitors. This design will deliver mass production of valuable metabolites aggregations, to be used on scale up production for pharmaceutical preparations. Not only that but also, this work elucidates much interest of green and nano-green biotechnology as recent advances in plant biotechnology applications in our life. This study aimed to epitomize the key investigations and advance made in studying plant biotechnology trends, for medicinal plants development and prospective phytotherapy. Plant biotechnology products can be marketed commercially as natural therapeutic medicines and food supplementary.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 255-289, 2024 (December)
Socioeconomic Characterization, Identification and Prioritization of Major Constraints and Potentials in Tulu Harbuki Micro watershed, Lalo Kile District, Kellam Wollega, Oromia
Authors: Temam Mama  , Wegene Negese
Published: January 2025

In many Countries, watershed development plays a significant role in rural development and natural resource management plans. The baseline survey study is crucial to address biophysical and socioeconomic-related issues before CALM P4R implements its community-based participatory integrated watershed management program at a chosen watershed. The goal of the study was to evaluate the socioeconomic situation, potential, and constraints of the chosen watershed, to evaluate the biophysical data of the model watershed that was documented, and to prioritize issues for interventions in the model watershed that were indicated in the Tulu Harbuki Micro watershed for further improvements to promote sustainable and productive livelihood through the integration of different watershed components in a participatory approach. Household interview and biophysical resources assessment followed by watershed mapping techniques were used for the data collection. Purposive sampling methods were used to select 36 households in the watershed. Descriptive statistics by frequency distributions means and percentage and diversity indices were used for data analysis. The findings showed that problems with soil erosion, deforestation, and soil fertility, as well as termites, were the main causes of land degradation. Crop diseases and a lack of agricultural inputs (fertilizers and better varieties) were two of the area's biggest issues. The following interventions were suggested as part of the watershed management programs: Soil erosion control measures, soil fertility enhancement activities, SWC practices, the planting of niche-compatible multipurpose trees, home garden Agroforestry, and other treatments. Once more, participatory integrated learning should be used to increase rural communities' awareness of and capacity for integrating natural resource management technology for effective soil and water conservation measures.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 363-382
Isolation and identification of causal agents associated with duck mortality in Haor areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Sourav Chakraborty  , Sakib Anzum Pranto  , Md Muket Mahmud  , Sharmin Sultana Misty  , Md Mamun Or Rashid  , Md Hadiuzzaman  , Mohammad Asir Uddin  , Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman Khan  , Md Tanvir Rahman  , Md Alimul Islam  , Muhammad Tofazzal Hossain
Published: January 2025

The duck population is concentrated mostly in the north and northeast wetland areas in Bangladesh. They are reared in close contact with domestic fowls and can be a potential source of many bacterial and viral diseases, as sudden death of ducks is frequently evident. This study aimed to identify the causal agents behind the mortality of ducks in the haor areas of Bangladesh. In total, 66 dead ducks were collected from several locations of different haors in Mymensingh, Kishoreganj, and Netrokona districts. Internal organs of ducklings (n=21) and adult ducks (n=45) were collected as samples. Part of each sample was enriched in nutrient broth for the growth of bacteria, followed by culture in specific media, staining, and biochemical tests were conducted for the primary confirmation of the bacterial isolates. Additionally, inoculum was prepared to propagate viruses in duck embryos. Specific primers were used for the detection of bacterial and viral isolates by PCR. Overall, Escherichia coli (75.75%), Salmonella spp. (12.12%), Staphylococcus spp. (7.57%), Pasteurella spp. (12.12%) and duck plague virus (13.64%) were detected by PCR. All the bacterial and viral isolates were found to be the cause of different duck diseases and major agents for duck mortality in the haor areas. However, they can also be a potential source of pathogen transmission to other domestic fowls.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 343-352
Strategi Coping Dengan Tingkat Stres Pada Santri Baru Asrama Putri Azzubaidah Di Pondok Pesantren An-Nur 1 Bululawang Malang
Authors: Quraini Yumi Octafias , Mumpuni Risna Yekti , Kurniawan Andi Surya
Published: January 2025

Santri cenderung rentan menghadapi berbagai masalah karena kurangnya kesiapan untuk mandiri dan kesulitan mengatasi tantangan, seperti penyesuaian dengan jadwal belajar yang padat, ketidakmampuan untuk tinggal di pondok karena ketergantungan pada orang tua, serta perilaku melanggar aturan asrama yang dapat menyebabkan tingkat stres tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara strategi coping dengan tingkat stres pada santri baru Asrama Putri Azzubaidah di Pondok Pesantren. Desain penelitian kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan analitik cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian 57 santri baru dengan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian strategi coping menggunakan kuesioner Kuesioner The Brief Cope serta kuesioner tingkat stres menggunakan kuesioner Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai p=0,000 dimana lebih kecil dari 0,05 yang menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara strategi coping dengan tingkat stres pada santri baru Asrama Putri Azzubaidah di Pondok Pesantren Annur 1 Bululawang Malang, nilai koefisien korelasi (r=0,629) menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dan kuat maka semakin tinggi strategi coping maka semakin tinggi tingkat stres santri.
Perubahan Molekular Obesitas Dalam Kehamilan : Literatur Review
Authors: Suherman Juwita Ninda , Farizi Taufiq Al
Published: January 2025

Obesitas pada kehamilan memiliki prevalensi yang semakin meningkat, dengan data global dari Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists menunjukkan prevalensi 16-19%. Kondisi ini berdampak negatif pada ibu dan janin, meningkatkan risiko diabetes gestasional, preeklamsia, persalinan dengan bantuan, serta komplikasi neonatal. Ibu hamil dengan obesitas berisiko tinggi mengalami komplikasi yang membahayakan nyawa ibu dan janin. Berbagai intervensi dilakukan untuk mengatasi obesitas pada kehamilan, antara lain modifikasi asupan makanan dan pengontrolan berat badan berbasis gaya hidup. Tinjauan pustaka ini membahas epidemiologi, klasifikasi, faktor risiko, dampak, serta strategi pencegahan dan penanganan obesitas pada kehamilan. Pencarian literatur dilakukan menggunakan database PubMed, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Klasifikasi obesitas pada kehamilan berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) sebelum kehamilan, yaitu obesitas kelas I (IMT 30-34,9 kg/m²), kelas II (IMT 35-39,9 kg/m²), dan kelas III (IMT ≥ 40 kg/m²). Faktor risiko meliputi usia maternal lanjut, riwayat obesitas sebelum kehamilan, kenaikan berat badan berlebihan, dan gaya hidup sedentari. Selain itu, peran Nitric Oxide (NO) dalam proses inflamasi, termasuk interaksi dengan sitokin pro-inflamasi dan regulasi epigenetik melalui Small Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins (snRNP), yang mempengaruhi respons imun pada kehamilan obesitas.
Pemberian Topikal ASI Terhadap Resiko Infeksi Tali Pusat Neonatus: Studi Kasus
Authors: Perwiraningtyas Pertiwi , Cahyaningrum Ika , Leton Elisabet Masan
Published: January 2025

Inflammation of the umbilical cord is one of the triggers of morbidity and mortality in newborns worldwide. Various preventive and curative efforts are made to reduce this incident. This case study aims to improve the provision of nursing care for newborns with infection risk problems. A case study design was used in this study. The research subjects were selected using the accidental sampling method. The study was conducted on three neonates aged 7 days with the condition that the umbilical cord had not yet come off in the postpartum room of Dr. R. Soedarsono Pasuruan Hospital on February 23-28, 2022. The focus of the problem was the risk of infection. The intervention carried out on the umbilical cord using breast milk. The results of the study showed that the umbilical cords of all babies were wet on the first day. The application was by applying the base of the umbilical cord with a cotton bud that had been given 1-2 drops of breast milk, done 2 times in the morning and evening after bathing. After two days of treatment, the nursing problem of infection risk was resolved. This was indicated by the umbilical cord which tended to be dry and there were no signs of inflammation such as: no redness, odor, pus, edema, and tenderness. The results of this case study serve as a guideline for providing nursing care for newborns, especially those at risk of experiencing inflammation of the umbilical cord. Peradangan yang terjadi pada tali pusat menjadi salah satu pencetus morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi baru lahir di seluruh dunia. Berbagai upaya preventif maupun kuratif dilakukan untuk menekan kejadian tersebut.  Studi kasus ini bertujuan sebagai upaya peningkatan pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada bayi baru lahir dengan masalah resiko infeksi.  Desain studi kasus digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Subjek penelitian dilakukan dengan metode accidental sampling. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap tiga neonatus usia 7 hari dengan kondisi tali pusat belum terlepas di di ruang nifas RSUD dr. R. Soedarsono Pasuruan tanggal 23-28 Februari 2022. Fokus permasalahan adalah resiko infeksi. Intervensi yang dilakukan pada tali pusat dengan menggunakan ASI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tali pusat seluruh bayi dalam keadaan basah pada hari pertama. Penerapannya dengan mengoleskan pangkal tali pusat dengan cotton bud yang sudah diberi tetesan ASI sebanyak 1-2 tetes, dilakukan 2 kali pagi dan sore setelah mandi. Setelah perawatan selama dua hari, masalah keperawatan resiko infeksi teratasi. Hal ini ditandai dengan tali pusat yang cenderung kering dan tidak ada tanda-tanda peradangan seperti: tidak ada kemerahan, berbau, pus edema dan nyeri tekan. Hasil studi kasus ini, menjadi salah satu pedoman dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan bayi baru lahir khususnya yang beresiko mengalami peradangan pada tali pusat
Shadows of Separation: The Impact of India’s Partition on Artistic Expression
Authors: Gupta Ashita , Somvanshi Ankit
Published: January 2025

The Partition of India in 1947 was a monumental event that reshaped both the geopolitical contours and the cultural fabric of South Asia, leading to the creation of India and Pakistan. This transformative period not only altered national identities but also had a profound impact on artistic expression in the region. Purpose: The Partition of India in 1947 reshaped South Asia's geopolitical and cultural landscapes, profoundly influencing artistic expression. This study examines how artists processed and narrated the trauma, displacement, and communal strife of Partition, leading to the emergence of a distinct genre of Partition art. Methodology: The research employs a qualitative methodology, combining visual analysis of seminal artworks with a critical review of existing literature on Partition art. Key works by artists such as Satish Gujral, Zarina Hashmi, Nailing Malian and Arpana Caur are analyzed to uncover the thematic and stylistic shifts induced by Partition. The study also draws on archival sources to understand the socio-political contexts that shaped these artistic responses. The results indicate that the Partition catalyzed a shift from traditional to modern artistic paradigms, with artists increasingly using abstract symbolism and stark realism to express the psychological and emotional impacts of Partition. Key Findings: The Partition catalyzed a transition from traditional to modern artistic paradigms, with artists employing abstract symbolism and stark realism to convey psychological and emotional impacts. Themes of memory, resilience, and trauma became central, contributing to a more heterogeneous and regionally influenced artistic identity. Implications: The study highlights the enduring legacy of Partition in Indian art, which continues to inspire contemporary artists. It underscores the importance of this historical event in shaping modern artistic practices and fostering an ongoing dialogue between history and artistic expression.
The Green Leaf: Khat Chewing and Mental Illness
Authors: Numan Nabil Ahmed , Farea Fuad M
Published: January 2025

Khat chewing is traditionally a habit in Yemen and some African countries such as Ethiopia, Somalia and Kenya, as well as among emigrants from these countries in different parts of the world. In the last few decades, there is rising concern among international health authorities that khat has harmful medical and mental effects related to excessive khat use. A relationship between khat use and mental illness has been suggested by clinical case reports and quantitative studies. This article provides literature reviews of clinical case reports and quantitative studies to the reported ‘mental illness of khat to chewers that presented in the international literature. This is a review partly based on a report of Warfa et al. 2007, WHO 1980, 2006, and Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs Dependence (ACMD) 2013. A literature search of a large number of medical databases, including via Google, Medline, PubMed, as well as the Internet was made to identify relevant reports up to 2023. Case report studies or literature do not clarify the confusion on khat effects, in addition to insufficient evidence between khat use and psychosis, the reports are contradictory, and inconclusive to attribute that khat use causes mental illness particularly psychosis.
Efficacy and Usability of an Ultrasonic Sealing Device in the Pediatric and Adult Population: A Prospective Evaluation
Authors: M Liberman , T Markel , C Morgenthal , S Leung , A Nakeeb , F Shakir , K Yasafuku , N Curtis , CP Sundaram , K Canavan , P Veldhuis , O Atiyani
Published: January 2025

Background: As surgical procedures become more complex, ultrasonic energy devices, and specifically Harmonic technology, have become indispensable tools in providing precise sealing and transection of vessels demonstrating clinical utility and positive outcomes including reducing lateral thermal spread, intra-operative blood loss, and length of hospital stays. We present results from a real-world study evaluating the safety and usability of the Harmonic1100 Shears (H1100) and the accompanying Generator 11 (Gen11) across specialties in both adult and pediatric patients.

Methods: A prospective, multi-center observational trial was undertaken. Both pediatric (general) and adult subjects (general, gynecologic, urologic, thoracic) who presented for surgery where the device was slated to be used were included and clinical outcomes documented. The primary endpoint was the attainment of hemostasis for each vessel transected. Secondary endpoints to assess usability was measured by querying surgeons regarding specific tasks performed. Device-related adverse events (AEs) were recorded to evaluated safety.

Results: A total of 265 subjects comprised the final data set (40 pediatric general, 93 adult general, 32 adult gynecologic, 30 urologic, 61 thoracic). A total of 489 vessel transections occurred during the course of the study of which 99.0% of the vessel transections achieved hemostasis. Four subjects required an intra-operative transfusion (2 adult general, 2 gynecologic). Ninety-six (96) subjects had at least one vessel transected with a diameter greater than 5 mm (>5-7 mm) with 174 vessels transected. Hemostasis was achieved for 98.9% of >5 to 7 mm vessels transected (172/174). Five Grade 4 vessels transections occurred and all required additional measures to achieve hemostasis. Of the 104 cases in which the H1100 was used for sealing and transection of lymphatic vessels, surgeon satisfaction with the device, was high (97.1%). All surgeons indicated that the H1100 performed as well or better than their previous ultrasonic device of choice. Similarly, related queries were made regarding the Gen11’s use with surgeons reporting that the GEN11 touchscreen was easy-to-use (98.5%) and that it performed as intended (96.6%). Of the 183 AEs reported, 7 were deemed “possibly related” to the study device and included one subject with atrial fibrillation and pericardial effusion, and the others pleural effusion, anastomotic complications, and a gastrointestinal anastomotic leak.

Conclusion: The data from this real-world post-market study affirms the safety and efficacy of the H1100 across specialties, supporting its continued use in clinical practice.
Managing Missing Single Tooth Loss with a Loop Connector Resin Bonded Bridge: Case Report
Authors: I Boujoual , HO Wahid , H Moussaoui , A Andoh
Published: January 2025

A 19-year-old girl, in a good general health condition, has consulted for aesthetic reasons: replacing her left upper central incisor. Her financial state doesn’t allow her an implant; mixed restoration, but the presence of a bilateral diastema makes the situation difficult as we can’t realize a classic resin bonded bridge, in this case we chose to modify the shape of the resin bonded bridge by using a double loop connector shape that keeps the space between the teeth apparent and so keeps the diastemas.
Application of Autologous Adipose Stem Cells in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Cui Xiaohui , Li Rongrong , Shi Xinyi , Jiang Xiaoxia , Li Chongmei , Wang Taihua
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the application effect of autologous adipose stem cells in the treatment of human type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 104 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. The study period was from February 2018 to October 2020. They were divided into a reference group of 52 cases (conventional treatment) and a study group of 52 cases (autologous adipose stem cell treatment). The therapeutic effects were compared.

Results: After treatment, the fasting insulin and fasting blood glucose of the study group were better than those of the reference group, P<0.05, the difference was statistically significant. The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was lower than that in the reference group, P<0.05, and the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion: Autologous adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of human type 2 diabetes can effectively control blood sugar level, reduce adverse reactions, and improve drug safety, which has significant application value.
Evaluating Cure Environment Effect in the Formation of Silicon Oxycarbide Polymer Derived Ceramics
Authors: Mullins Virginia C. , Wiggins Jeffrey S.
Published: January 2025

Polymer derived ceramics (PDCs) are an outstanding class of hightemperature matrix materials due to their excellent mechanical and chemical stability. In particular, polymeric precursors of silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) are of interest. The formation and phase development of an SiOC network is dictated by a range of processing parameters including temperatures, atmospheres, and molecular makeup. This study analyzed the effect of cure path and environment on the polymeric matrix of two siloxane preceramic polymers. The processability and polymerization behavior was explored by DSC and FTIR. The ceramization process and high temperature stability is analyzed after undergoing pyrolysis. This work demonstrates straightforward preceramic processing with traditional polymer techniques and contributes to the understanding of next generation polymer-derived ceramics for hypersonic applications. The goal of this research is to further the understanding of preceramic polymer cure protocols towards the development of high temperature hypersonic materials.
(Un)stable diffusions
Authors: McKelvey Fenwick , Redden Joanna , Roberge Jonathan , Stark Luke
Published: January 2025

Generative AI is a uniquely public technology. The large language models behind ChatGPT and other tools that generate text and images is a major develop in publicity as much as technology. Without public data and public participation, these large models could not be trained. Without the attention, hype, and hope around these technologies, the big AI firms probably could not afford the computational costs to train these models. Our special issue questions how Critical AI Studies can attend to the publics, publicities, and publicizations of generative AI. We situate AI’s publicity as mode of publicity – hype, scandals, silences, and inevitability – as well as a mode of participation seen in the grown importance of technology demonstrations. Within this situation our contributions offer four different research paths: (1) situating the legacy media as an enduring process of legitimation; (2) looking at the ways that AI has a private life in public; (3) questioning the post-democratic future of public participation; and, (4) developing new prototypes of public participation through research creation.
“A.I. is holding a mirror to our society”
Authors: Miltner Kate
Published: January 2025

Since the release of the open-source AI model Stable Diffusion in August 2022, a panoply of apps that create AI-generated portraits, or avatars, have exploded in popularity. One of the most notable examples is AI-powered photo editing app Lensa, owned by Prisma Labs. Lensa launched in 2018 but went viral in late 2022 due to the launch of its Magic Avatar feature, which uses Stable Diffusion to create fantastical (and occasionally bizarre) portraits of users. This paper analyzed the global English-language press coverage of Lensa and found that it focused on the app’s predatory data practices, the biased content it produced, and the user behaviors associated with it. I argue that this coverage provides evidence of discursive closure around key issues associated with visual generative AI that supports the maintenance of the status quo. I suggest that the press coverage of Lensa, which both articulates key AI-related harms and frames those harms as intractable and insolvable, creates a discourse of inevitability that has implications for how these issues are understood by the public, and for the approaches that are taken to address them. In doing so, it not only offers distinct advantages to those who stand to benefit most from this discourse, but also forecloses more imaginative public discussions of what visual generative AI could– or should– be.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Dengan Media Booklet Terhadap Kecemasan
Authors: Dian Dian_therezah_yadi , Suzanna  , Ayu Dekawaty
Published: January 2025

Kecemasan merupakan suatu keadaan dimana seseorang merasakan ketidaknyaman disertai bayang-bayang ketakutan, keterasingan, disertai rasa tidak aman. Kondisi ketakutan dan ketidakpastian bisa menyampaikan respon  akan suatu keadaan dimana seseorang bisa memprediksi suatu keadaan yang mengancam sehingga seseorang bisa mempersiapakan diri untuk menghadapi keadaan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan media booklet terhadap kecemasan klien di Rumah Singgah Muratara Palembang. Desain penelitian pada penelitian ini Pre-Eksperimental Pretest-Post Test Only One Group Design dengan sampel sebanyak 35 responden. Hasil Dari penelitian ditemukan bahwa pendidikan kesehatan dengan menggunakan media “booklet” memiliki pengaruh terhadap kecemasan terhadap pasien di Rumah Singgah Muratara Palembang dengan nilai 0.00.  Dengan nilai rata-rata tingkat kecemasan klien sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan dengan media booklet sebesar 31,943. Dan nilai rata-rata tingkat kecemasan klien setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan dengan media booklet sebesar 23,029. Dapat di simpulkan bahwa ada penurunan terhadap tingkat kecemasan sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan media Booklet dengan setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan media Booklet diambil dari nilai p value sebesar 0,000.
BULLYING PREVENTION EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS OF STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 01 BODAS VILLAGE, WATUKUMPUL DISTRICT
Authors: Hilma Zakia  , Ahmad Andi Riyanto  , Mutia Rahmi Maulina  , Nuri Aji Annisa , Wardah Roikha , Lizza Alwiyana Maulida , Misyam Noviana , Rasyid Ghani Muhammad , Sulistiawati Erni , Anis Naila , Rokhimah Hesti , Bahri Samsul , Hermawan Adinugraha Hendri
Published: January 2025

Bullying merupakan tindakan kekerasan yang dilakukan secara sengaja oleh seseorang, tindakan tersebut dapat mengakibatkan ketidakseimbangan kekuasaan sehingga dapat menjadikan korban bullying merasa trauma. Tindakan ini dapat dilakukan secara individu maupun kelompok. Bullying tidak hanya terjadi di kalangan anak-anak yang masih duduk dibangku sekolah saja, namun juga dapat terjadi pada orang dewasa. Akan tetapi tindakan bullying biasanya terjadi pada anak-anak yang masih sekolah dan sering terjadi di lingkungan sekolah. Oleh karena itu, untuk mencegah terjadinya tindakan bullying maka perlu adanya sosialisasi pada anak-anak mengenai stop bullying. Dalam kegiatan sosialisasi membahas mengenai pengertian bullying, jenis-jenis bullying dampak bullying,  tanda-tanda bullying, dan cara mencegah terjadinya bullying. Kemudian diakhir kegiatan sosialisasi melakukan kegiatan fun games dengan mengecap telapak tangan dengan cat lalu ditempelkan ke tempat yang sudah disediakan.
Olfactory impairment in Italian patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a patient-centered survey
Authors: Anastasi Francesca , Canevari Frank Rikki Mauritz , Gallo Stefania , Gramellini Giulia , Heffler Enrico , La Mantia Ignazio , Monti Giulia , Ragusa Martina , Macchi Alberto
Published: January 2025

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory condition characterized by persistent nasal obstruction, discharge, facial pressure, and olfactory dysfunction. CRSwNP significantly impairs quality of life (QoL), with olfactory loss being a particularly distressing symptom that affects food enjoyment, personal safety, and social interactions.

Methods

This study investigated the experiences of Italian patients with CRSwNP. A cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative survey (Google Forms questionnaire), collecting data on diagnosis, symptomatology, QoL impact, and treatment experiences was developed and distributed.

Results

There were 155 respondents, with over half diagnosed with CRSwNP for more than a decade. Nasal obstruction was the primary symptom leading to medical consultation. Corticosteroid therapy and surgery showed limited and variable effectiveness in olfactory restoration. Biologic therapy, particularly dupilumab, demonstrated promising results, with approximately half of the patients reporting complete smell restoration.

Conclusions

CRSwNP significantly affected patients' QoL, with olfactory dysfunction being a common and impactful symptom. While current treatments provide symptom relief, they do not always result in sustained olfactory improvement. Biologic therapy emerged as a promising option for olfactory restoration, underscoring the importance of personalized treatment strategies. Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms of olfactory recovery and to optimize treatment protocols for CRSwNP.
Confronting allergies: strategies for combating pollution and safeguarding our health
Authors: Pattanayak Santanu , Dinda Suman Kalyan , Hazra Shreyasee , Mukhopadhyay Rittwicka , Samanta Samvabi , Dey Shramalina , Manna Dipak
Published: January 2025

Increasing evidence demonstrates a robust link between environmental pollutants and allergic reactions, with air and indoor pollution exacerbating respiratory allergies and climate change intensifying seasonal allergies. Comprehensive action, including government regulations, public awareness, and individual efforts, is essential to mitigate pollution's impact on allergies and safeguard public health and ecological balance. Recent findings indicate a strong correlation between environmental pollutants and allergic reactions, with air pollution from vehicular emissions and industrial activities exacerbating respiratory allergies like asthma and allergic rhinitis. Additionally, indoor pollutants such as mold and volatile organic compounds are significant triggers of allergic responses, especially among vulnerable populations. Furthermore, climate change, driven by pollution, is intensifying seasonal allergies due to altered weather patterns and increased pollen production. This review emphasizes the critical importance of addressing pollution and allergies, highlighting the growing concerns in contemporary society. This review highlights the urgent need to address pollution and allergies, emphasizing their increasing significance in modern society and outlining effective allergy management strategies.
The utilisation of biliary organoids for biomedical applications
Authors: Lei Zhongwen , Yang Yijun , Xiang Yang
Published: January 2025

Biliary duct injury, biliary atresia (BA), biliary tract tumors, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and other diseases are commonly encountered in clinical practice within the digestive system. To gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis and development of these diseases and explore more effective treatment methods, organoid technology has recently garnered significant attention. Organoids are three-dimensional structures derived from stem/progenitor cells that can faithfully mimic the intricate structure and physiological function of tissues or organs in vitro. They provide a valuable platform for studying the pathogenesis of biliary tract diseases and offer novel possibilities for repairing and regenerating biliary tract injuries. The main seed cells used to construct biliary tract organoids include primary human biliary tract epithelial cells as well as pluripotent stem cells. The construction of these organoids involves various techniques such as traditional embedding technology, rotary culture technology, hanging drop culture technology, along with emerging approaches like organ chip technology, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, and four-dimensional (4D) printing technology. This article comprehensively reviews the construction methods of biliary tract organoids while discussing their applications in disease modeling research on disease mechanisms drug screening tissue/organ repair; it also highlights current challenges and suggests future research directions regarding biliary tract organoids which will serve as references for treating common refractory digestive system diseases in clinical practice.
Quantitative relationships between elastic modulus of rod and biomechanical properties of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a finite element analysis
Authors: Li Jie , Du Zengfeng , Cao Shuai , Lu Teng , Sun Zhongwei , Wei Hongyu , Li Haopeng , Zhang Ting
Published: January 2025

Background

Currently, some novel rods with lower elastic modulus have the potential as alternatives to traditional titanium alloy rods in lumbar fusion. However, how the elastic modulus of the rod (rod-E) influences the biomechanical performance of lumbar interbody fusion remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the quantitative relationships between rod-E and the biomechanical performance of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods

The intact finite element model of L1-S1 was constructed and validated. Then 12 TLIF models with rods of different elastic moduli (ranging from 1 GPa to 110 GPa with an interval of 10 GPa) were developed. The range of motion (ROM) of the fixed segment, mean strain of the bone graft, and maximum von Mises stresses on the cage, endplate, and posterior fixation system models were calculated. Finally, regression analysis was performed to establish functional relationships between rod-E and these indexes.

Results

Increasing rod-E decreased ROM of the fixed segment, mean strain of the bone grafts, and peak stresses on the cage and endplate, while increasing peak stress on the screw-rod system. When rod-E increased from 1 GPa to 10 GPa, ROM decreased by 10.4%–39.4%. Further increasing rod-E from 10 GPa to 110 GPa resulted in a 9.3%–17.4% reduction in ROM. The peak stresses on the posterior fixation system showed a nonlinear increase as the rod-E increased from 1 GPa to 110 GPa under most loading conditions. The R2 values for all fitting curves ranged from 0.76 to 1.00.

Conclusion

The functional relationships between rod-E and the biomechanical properties of TLIF were constructed comprehensively. When the rod-E exceeds 10 GPa, further increases may not significantly improve stability, however, it may increase the risk of fixation failure. Therefore, a rod with an elastic modulus of approximately 10 GPa may provide optimal biomechanical properties for TLIF.