bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of Multilayer NTC Perovskite Thermistors Prepared by Tape Casting, Lamination and Cofiring
Authors: Kulawik Jan , Szwagierczak Dorota
Published: April 2014

The paper reports on processing and characterization of multilayer NTC (negative temperature coefficient) perovskite thermistors. Three materials La0.8Sr0.2Ti0.4Fe0.6O3, CaTi.0.8Co0.2O3 and CaTi0.9Y0.1O3 with the stable perovskite structure were synthesized by solid state reactions and used for preparation of slurries for tape casting. Green sheets with screen printed internal Pt electrodes were stacked, laminated isostatically and cofired at 1250-1350°C. SEM observations revealed dense, fine-grained microstructure of ceramic layers, lack of delaminations and cracks and a good cooperation between ceramic and Pt electrode layers. Resistance-temperature characteristics of the fabricated multilayer thermistors were measured in the temperature range 20-820°C. The temperature coefficients of resistance were high, ranging from-9.7 to-1%/°C. Two developed compositions CaTi.0.8Co0.2O3 and CaTi0.9Y0.1O3 were found to be suitable for use at a higher temperature range of 150-500°C. The endurance tests showed small resistance changes (below 1%) after long term ageing at 300-400°C.
Gold and Silver Contacts on Tin Oxide Thin Films Produced by Spray Pyrolysis on SiO2 Substrates
Authors: Moghadam Saeed , Alaei-Sheini Navid , Bagherpour Shahin
Published: April 2014

Thin layers of tin oxide have numerous applications in various branches of microelectronics as transparent conductors and active elements in chemical sensors. While forming different metallic contacts to these layers are required for different applications, noble metals are of particular use in gas sensor fabrication as these devices operate at elevated temperatures and harsh environments. The background literature on the quality and electronic features of gold and silver contacts on SnO2 layers is limited. Moreover, it has been shown that both gold and silver electrodes exhibit different electronic features on TiO2 at different thermal and atmospheric conditions. Here, we report the I-V characteristics of Au/SnO2 and Ag/SnO2 contacts formed on SnO2 layers deposited on SiO2 substrates by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The obtained I-V plots proved the ohmicity of the Au/SnO2 and Ag/SnO2 contacts to be independent from the temperature, in the range of 300-700 K, and the composition of the surrounding atmosphere.
Fragmentation of Manganese Phthalocyanine Films by Laser Radiation
Authors: Turiev Anatolij M. , Butkhuzi Tengiz , Ramonova Aljona , Tsidaeva Natalia , Enaldieva Elena , Khaimanov Spartak , Abaeva Victoria
Published: April 2014

The study of MPc is motivated by the prospects of the creation of optoelectronic devices that operate in the visible light range. The combination of their physico-chemical and semiconducting properties makes them the promising material for cheap thermo-stable organic optoelectronic devices. In connection with this the question of degradation of macrocyclic phthalocyanine when exposed by harsh environments, in particular laser radiation, is very actual The studies of MPc's degradation under electron beam and pyrolysis is well Pyrolysis of polymeric cobalt phthalocyanine [ was carried out at 500 - 1000°C, the mass spectra were recorded across 0.6 - 3.6 minutes. The proposed mechanism of initial thermal degradation leads to the isoindole derivatives The paper presents results of a study of fragmentation of manganese phthalocyanine films that are in the condensed state on a solid surface by means of laser irradiation (λ=532 nm), i.e. in the spectral region of absorption
Morphology and Laser-Induced Photochemistry of Silicon and Nickel Nanoparticles
Authors: Parkhomenko Y.N. , Belogorokhov A.I. , Bliev A.P. , Sozanov V.G. , Kaloeva A.G. , Tvauri I.V. , Khubezhov S.A. , Magkoev Tamerlan T.
Published: April 2014

The structural and photoinduced properties of silicon nanoparticles obtained by plasmachemical and electrolytic techniques and the nickel particles deposited on aluminum oxide film in ultra-high vacuum are investigated by Auger electron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and time-of-flight spectroscopy. It is found that substantial increase of silicon nanoparticle photoinduced luminescence can be attributed to particle specific structure, as well as to the SiO2 thin film which is formed on the nanocrystalline silicon surface. In case of Ni particles deposited on aluminum oxide film at low mean coverage of about 0.04 monolayers, when the film can be viewed as consisting of separated single adsorbed atoms or very small clusters, the photon irradiation by nanosecond pulsed laser leads to NO desorption. At monolayer Ni coverage formed at a substrate temperature of 80 K laser irradiation causes dissociation of NO molecules. Efficiency of this process at the initial stage is notably enhanced compared to that of NO on the bulk Ni (111) crystal. This enhancement can be attributed to the effect of underlying aluminum oxide support.
Computational Modeling and Optimization of a Magnetic Shielding Cabinet
Authors: Diakidis N.
Published: April 2014

Magnetic shielding is used to offer protection from stray magnetic fields to devices sensitive to magnetic noise. The Finite element method has been used in order to simulate the magnetic shielding effect of such a chamber in the geomagnetic field. Different designs for the cabinet have been considered and simulated in a static magnetic field of the same magnitude, as geomagnetic field, generated by a cylindrical coil. Several types of materials with different material properties have been simulated, such as high permeable mumetal and conductive aluminum, for the chamber itself, copper for the coil and air as the medium in which the magnetic field is propagating. The influence of geometrical and material properties parameters, like the thickness and the permeability of the ferromagnetic alloy, in the effectiveness of the shielding has been investigated using optimization techniques available in the design optimization module existing in the ANSYS v 14.0 ® finite element analysis software.
Evaluation of Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Sensors for Port Monitoring Applications
Authors: Hadjigeorgiou N. , Kossivakis D. , Skafidas P.
Published: April 2014

Magnetic sensors have been for many decades the industry standard for a variety of applications due to many unique advantages they possess compared to other sensor types. Recently, different types of magnetic sensors have been employed for vehicle detection and monitoring purposes. In this paper the performance of an anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) sensor for detecting the presence of small boats within small scale harbors has been evaluated, in order to assess the applicability of the specific sensor for port monitoring purposes.
Experimental Study Noise of HMR2003 Sensor with or without the Use of Amplifier AMP04
Authors: Hadjigeorgiou N.
Published: April 2014

Magnetic sensors offer many essential benefits: they enable contactless and thus without wear measurement of mechanical amounts of such as the rotation angle and angular velocity. And are a powerful and economical solution. In this work became a successful attempt to detect and record the noise of a Anisotropic Magnetoresistors (AMR) sensor, hte HMC2003, which manufactured by Honeywell Inc. was tested for its ability to detect the magnetic field and as well as how the corruption, which are involved due to the noise.
Evaluation of Railway Rails with Non-Destructive Techniques
Authors: Karahaliou Anastasia
Published: April 2014

Non-destructive testing methods, such as Magnetic Barkhausen Noise method, are widely used on railways for examining the stress state of running railway rails. Detailed information about the morphology of the microstructure features of the rail surface is derived by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Phase composition, hardness and residual stress state of the rails are determined by MBN signal.
Correlation of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise with Microstructure in the In-Depth Direction of a Railhead
Authors: Sokos Charalampos
Published: April 2014

The characterization of microstructures, mechanical properties, deformation, damage initiation, and growth by Non-Destructive Evaluation techniques is assuming a vital role in various materials. In this paper, the use of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise technique for characterization of mechanical properties in magnetic steel would be discussed. The results have shown that hardening depth and its quality with respect to the microstructure in induction hardened specimens could also be established using the Magnetic Barkhausen Noise technique.
Gas Sensing with Atomic Layer Deposited Dielectric Thin Film
Authors: Dam V.A.T. , Blauw M.A. , Brongersma S.H. , van Schaijk R.
Published: April 2014

A metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitor with La2O3 dielectric is proposedin this work as a sensor for measuring CO2 in air. In this device, a 10 nm thick La2O3 dielectriclayer, which serves as a CO2 sensitive material, was atomic-layer-deposited (ALD) on p-typesilicon. Change in the at band voltage (VFB) of the MIS capacitor due to the reactionbetween CO2 and oxide layer and its interfaces, is used as the gas sensitive parameter of thesensor. The deposition temperature for the La2O3 layer has been optimized for maximizingCO2 sensitivity. The process ow including post annealing (rapid thermal annealing) has beenoptimized to allow further possibility to integrate the sensor with CMOS read-out circuitries. The sensor shows a sensitivity of 84 mV per decade to CO2 in air in a concentration rangefrom 300-5000 ppm at ambient temperature with a response time (t90) of 34 minutes.
Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes-Based Gas Sensors for Pollutants Detection: Investigation on the Use of a Double Transduction Mode
Authors: Ndiaye A. , Brunet J. , Varenne C. , Bonnet P. , Pauly A. , Dubois M. , Guerin K. , Lauron B.
Published: April 2014

With an objective to fabricate Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) based sensors, the solution route is investigated. The dispersion routes are chosen here to avoid the CNTs to form bundles which can reduce their surface area. The results show that SWNTs-based gas sensors made by the surfactant method is possible if the annealing temperature is correctly chosen. The use of a surfactant allows preparing sensing layers which present responses to NO2 exposure in the 50-200 ppb Range. In a second procedure the CNTs are noncovalently functionalized and used as sensing material for BTX (Benzene, Toluene and Xylenes) detection. The noncovalent functionalisation occurs through p-p stacking between the SWNTs framework and the highly delocalized π-system of the macrocycle which are phthalocyanines and porphyrines derivatives. The SWNTs materials are characterized by standard techniques (UV-Vis spectroscopy, TGA, TEM, Raman analysis). For BTX detection, we used a double transduction mode: IDEs (Interdigitated electrodes) and QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) in order to get insight into the sensing mechanism.
Formation of Vanadium Oxide Thin Films Prepared from Aqueous Sol-Gel System
Authors: Monfort Olivier , Roch Tomas , Gregor Maros , Satrapinskyy Leonid , Plecenik Tomas , Plecenik Andrej , Plesch Gustav
Published: April 2014

Vanadium oxide thin films are promising materials for various applications. Much attention has been devoted to thermotropic VO2(M/R) films which exhibit semiconductor-conductor phase transition at 67 °C making them excellent materials for switching applications. Non-thermotropic VO2(B) films are semiconducting and have layered structure which makes them interesting for gas sensing applications. Vanadium pentoxide films are also of great interest for photocatalytic production of H2 by H2O decomposition as well as for gas sensing. In this paper the preparation of vanadium oxide thin films by using the spin coating of V2O5·nH2O aqueous gel on Si/SiO2 and lime-glass substrates is reported. The as-deposited films were annealed in either air or H2/Ar atmosphere at normal or low pressure in order to prepare V2O5 and VO2 thin films. The obtained samples were characterized by XRD and SEM.
Biosensors with Nuclear Tracks and Embedded Membranes
Authors: Fink D. , Vacik Jiri , Arellano H.García , Muñoz G.H. , Alfonta L. , Fahrner W.R. , Hoppe K. , Kiv A.
Published: April 2014

One of the strategies for enhancing the detection sensitivity of etched nuclear track-based biosensors uses the cladding of track walls with enzymes and the subsequent enrichment of charged enzymatic reaction products in the confined volume of the narrow tracks. For sensing two different bio-molecule types simultaneously, the tracks can be separated into two adjacent compartments by inserting a membrane in between them. The recipe for membrane formation is outlined. If the same enzyme is inserted into both compartments, the sensing accuracy can greatly be enhanced, as compared to etched tracks without membranes, due to a different underlying sensing mechanism. Such sensors act as frequency filters, which is useful for sensors operating in electrosmog-rich ambient.
Nd isotopic evidence for early to mid-Archean crust from high grade gneisses in the Queen Maud Block and south of the McDonald Fault, western Churchill Province, Northwest Territories
Authors: Thériault R J , Henderson J B , Roscoe S
M
Published: April 2014

Nd depleted mantle model ages (TDM ) from whole rock samples are reported for upper amphibolite to granulite grade, shear zone-bounded, gneisses from two areas north and south of the Slave Province-Churchill Province collision and indentation zone in the
northwestern Canadian Shield. The Queen Maud Block (northeast of the Bathurst Fault) yields TDM ages of 3.58 Ga to 3.10 Ga and gneisses immediately southeast of the McDonald Fault give TDM ages in the 3.91 Ga to 2.96 Ga range. These pre-3.0Ga model ages are conspicuously old relative to surrounding
lithotectonic entities of the western Canadian Shield. Similar TDM ages from high metamorphic grade gneisses south and along strike of the study areas, combined with common areomagnetic signatures along the entire western Churchill Province margin, suggest that rocks with old TDM ages occur
extensively along this margin.
Geochronological study of granitoid rocks in the Elbow Lake map area, Manitoba: a portion of the Flin Flon Domain of the Trans Hudson Orogen
Authors: Whalen J B , Hunt P A
Published: April 2014

The Elbow Lake map area contains both oceanic and arc-type assemblages, belonging to the >1.88 Ga Flin Flon tectonic collage. This amalgamation of supracrustal rocks is intruded and stitched together by seven major post-accretion granitoid plutons,
which together occupy over 65% of the Elbow Lake sheet. These medium-K, calc-alkaline, arc-type granitoid rocks were emplaced during magmatic pulses at 1.88, 1.86, 1.84, and 1.83 Ga. Within the composite Gants Lake batholith, a 1.83 Ga granodiorite stitches together both dismembered components
of the Flin Flon collage and fault bounded, older (1.86 Ga) granitoid phases.
U-Pb ages of granites near the Grenville Front, Ontario
Authors: Davidson A , van Breemen O
Published: April 2014

U-Pb ages are reported for three plutons near the Grenville Front. Coarse granite from the Chief Lake complex in the Southern Province has a zircon age of 1464+2/-1 Ma. Biotite granodiorite from a small, separate pluton just north of the Chief Lake complex has a
crystallization age of 1749+12/-8 Ma, based on analyses of igneous titanite. In the Grenville Front Tectonic Zone, the King's Island pluton has a primary zircon age of 1467+11/-7 Ma. Penetrative, thrust-sense ductile deformation within the Chief Lake complex predated intrusion of Sudbury diabase
dykes at 1235 Ma, pointing to early or pre-Grenvillian deformation northwest of the Grenville Front.
A compilation of K-Ar and 40Ar-39Ar ages: Report 24
Authors: Hunt P A , Roddick J C
Published: April 2014

Sixty-two potassium-argon age determinations (including 42 40Ar-39Ar analyses) carried out by the Geological Survey of Canada are reported. Each age determination is accompanied by a description of the rock and mineral concentrate used; brief interpretative
comments regarding the geological significance of each age are also provided where possible. The experimental procedures employed are described in outline. An index of all Geological Survey of Canada K-Ar age determinations published in this format has been prepared using NTS quadrangles as the
primary reference.
Mineral and hydrocarbon potential
Authors: Norris D K , Hughes O L
Published: April 2014

A wide variety of nonrenewable commodities of economic interest to mining and oil companies occurs in northern Yukon Territory and western District of Mackenzie. They range from coal, iron, uranium, lead and zinc in the mountainous southern part of the area, to
oil and gas in the Eagle Plain, placer gold in the Yukon Coastal Lowland, construction materials in the Northern Interior Platform, and oil and gas in the Mackenzie Delta and the continental shelf of southern Beaufort Sea. Of singular importance are the enormous tonnages of phosphatic iron in the
northwestern Mackenzie Mountains, the very large tonnages of subbituminous to high volatile bituminous coal nearby in the Bonnet Plume Basin, and the numerous discoveries of oil and gas on the continental shelf. Although the resource potential of many of these commodities is reasonably well known,
only the construction materials have been exploited commercially. The region remains a storehouse of economic minerals and hydrocarbons for Canada's future.
Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-Z particle EPMA
Authors: Geng H. , Hwang H. , Liu X. , Dong S. , Ro C.-U.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This is the first study of Asian dust storm (ADS) particles collected in Beijing, China, and Incheon, Korea, during a spring ADS event. Using a seven-stage May impactor and a quantitative electron probe X-ray microanalysis (ED-EPMA, also known as low-Z particle EPMA), we examined the composition and morphology of 4200 aerosol particles at stages 1–6 (with a size cut-off of 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, and 0.5 μm in equivalent aerodynamic diameter, respectively) collected during an ADS event on 28–29 April 2005. The results showed that there were large differences in the chemical compositions between particles in sample S1 collected in Beijing immediately after the peak time of the ADS and in samples S2 and S3, which were collected in Incheon approximately 5 h and 24 h later, respectively. In sample S1, mineral dust particles accounted for more than 88% in relative number abundance at stages 1–5; and organic carbon (OC) and reacted NaCl-containing particles accounted for 24% and 32%, respectively, at stage 6. On the other hand, in samples S2 and S3, in addition to approximately 60% mineral dust, many sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles reacted with airborne SO2 and NOx (accounting for 24% and 14% on average in samples S2 and S3, respectively), often mixed with mineral dust, were encountered at stages 1–5, and (C, N, O, S)-rich particles (likely a mixture of water-soluble organic carbon with (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3) were abundantly observed at stage 6 (accounting for 68% and 51% in samples S2 and S3, respectively). This suggests that an accumulation of sea-salt components on individual ADS particles larger than 1 μm in diameter occurred and many secondary aerosols smaller than 1 μm in diameter were formed when the ADS particles passed over the Yellow Sea. In the reacted or aged mineral dust and SSA particles, nitrate-containing and both nitrate- and sulfate-containing species vastly outnumbered the sulfate-containing species, implying that ambient NOx had a greater influence on the atmospheric particles than SO2 during this ADS episode. In addition to partially- or totally-reacted CaCO3, reacted or aged Mg-containing aluminosilicates were observed frequently in samples S2 and S3; furthermore, a student's t test showed that both their atomic concentration ratios of [Mg] / [Al] and [Mg] / [Si] were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) compared to those in samples S1 (for [Mg] / [Al], 0.34 ± 0.09 and 0.40 ± 0.03 in samples S2 and S3, respectively, vs. 0.24 ± 0.01 in sample S1; for [Mg] / [Si], 0.21 ± 0.05 and 0.22 ± 0.01 in samples S2 and S3, respectively, vs. 0.12 ± 0.02 in sample S1). The significant increase of [Mg] / [Al] and [Mg] / [Si] ratios in Mg-containing aluminosilicates indicates that a significant evolution or aging must have occurred on the ADS particles in the marine atmosphere during transport from China to Korea.
Source apportionment of PM10 in a north-western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using positive matrix factorization and including primary biogenic emissions
Authors: Waked A. , Favez O. , Alleman L. Y. , Piot C. , Petit J.-E. , Delaunay T. , Verlinden E. , Golly B. , Besombes J.-L. , Jaffrezo J.-L. , Leoz-Garziandia E.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. In this work, the source of ambient particulate matter (PM10) collected over a one-year period at an urban background site in Lens (France) was determined and investigated using a positive matrix factorization receptor model (US EPA PMF v3.0). In addition, a potential source contribution function (PSCF) was performed by means of the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (Hysplit) v4.9 model to assess prevailing geographical origins of the identified sources. A selective iteration process was followed for the qualification of the more robust and meaningful PMF solution. Components measured and used in the PMF included inorganic and organic species: soluble ionic species, trace elements, elemental carbon (EC), sugar alcohols, sugar anhydride, and organic carbon (OC). The mean PM10 concentration measured from March 2011 to March 2012 was about 21 μg m−3 with typically OM, nitrate and sulfate contributing to most of the mass and accounting respectively for 5.8, 4.5 and 2.3 μg m−3 on a yearly basis. Accordingly, PMF outputs showed that the main emission sources were (in decreasing order of contribution) secondary inorganic aerosols (28% of the total PM10 mass), aged marine emissions (19%), with probably predominant contribution of shipping activities, biomass burning (13%), mineral dust (13%), primary biogenic emissions (9%), fresh sea salts (8%), primary traffic emissions (6%) and heavy oil combustion (4%). Significant temporal variations were observed for most of the identified sources. In particular, biomass burning emissions were negligible in summer but responsible for about 25% of total PM10 and 50% of total OC in wintertime. Conversely, primary biogenic emissions were found to be negligible in winter but to represent about 20% of total PM10 and 40% of total OC in summer. The latter result calls for more investigations of primary biogenic aerosols using source apportionment studies, which quite usually disregard this type of source. This study further underlines the major influence of secondary processes during daily threshold exceedances. Finally, apparent discrepancies that could be generally observed between filter-based studies (such as the present one) and aerosol mass spectrometer-based PMF analyses (organic fractions) are also discussed.
Response of carbon dioxide emissions to sheep grazing and N application in an alpine grassland – Part 1: Effect of sheep grazing
Authors: Gong Y. M. , Mohammat A. , Liu X. J. , Li K. H. , Christie P. , Fang F. , Song W. , Chang Y. H. , Han W. X. , Lü X. T. , Liu Y. Y. , Hu Y. K.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Previous work has failed to address fully the response of (autotrophic and heterotrophic) respiration to grazing in different ecosystems, particularly in alpine grasslands outside the growing season. From 2010 to 2011 a field experiment combined two methods (static closed chambers and a closed dynamic soil CO2 flux system) in alpine grasslands located in the Tianshan Mountains. We examined the effects of grazing regime on ecosystem respiration (Re) both outside (NGS) and during (GS) the growing season and determined the pattern of Re in relation to climate change. There was no significant change in CO2 emissions under grazing. Heterotrophic respiration (Rh) accounted for 78.5% of Re with short-term grazing exclusion and 93.2% of Re with long-term grazing exclusion. Re, Rh and autotrophic respiration (Ra) fluxes outside the growing season were equivalent to 12.9%, 14.1% and 11.4% of the respective CO2 fluxes during the growing season. In addition, our results indicate that soil water content played a critical role in Ra in the cold and arid environment. Both Rh and Re were sensitive to soil temperature. Moreover, our results suggest that grazing exerted no significant effect on CO2 emissions in these alpine grasslands.
Transforming Bourdieu's "perfect" economy of symbolic goods into an imperfect one – The moral grounding of water transfers in Khartoum
Authors: Zug S.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Pierre Bourdieu conceptualizes social action as "instrumental rational". Disinterestedness is only possible as part of an actor's practical logic when the said actor actively or passively misrecognizes underlying interests. In the "logic of logic", this perceived disinterestedness can and must be scientifically reconstructed as a pure economic exchange. Reason-based morality, such as can be found in Kantian philosophy, becomes impossible, and morality becomes an ignored category in Bourdieu's theoretical endeavour. This article's first goal is to locate Bourdieu's approach within moral philosophy, through parallels to Gauthier's Morals by Agreement. An empirical case on water transfers between neighbours in Khartoum reveals the limits of such an approach. This leads to the second goal. By translating Bourdieu's perfect "economy of symbolic goods" into an imperfect one, reason-based morality is integrated into his project, and the relevance of interest for social interaction is curbed, but not denied.
Socio-hydrologic perspectives of the co-evolution of humans and water in the Tarim River basin, Western China: the Taiji–Tire model
Authors: Liu Y. , Tian F. , Hu H. , Sivapalan M.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This paper presents a historical socio-hydrological analysis of the Tarim River basin (TRB), Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, in Western China, from the time of the opening of the Silk Road to the present. The analysis is aimed at exploring the historical co-evolution of coupled human–water systems and at identifying common patterns or organizing principles underpinning socio-hydrological systems (SHS). As a self-organized entity, the evolution of the human–water system in the Tarim Basin reached stable states for long periods of time, but then was punctuated by sudden shifts due to internal or external disturbances. In this study, we discuss three stable periods (i.e., natural, human exploitation, and degradation and recovery) and the transitions in between during the past 2000 years. During the "natural" stage that existed pre-18th century, with small-scale human society and sound environment, evolution of the SHS was mainly driven by natural environmental changes such as river channel migration and climate change. During the human exploitation stage, especially in the 19th and 20th centuries, it experienced rapid population growth, massive land reclamation and fast socio-economic development, and humans became the principal players of system evolution. By the 1970s, the Tarim Basin had evolved into a new regime with a vulnerable eco-hydrological system seemingly populated beyond its carrying capacity, and a human society that began to suffer from serious water shortages, land salinization and desertification. With intensified deterioration of river health and increased recognition of unsustainability of traditional development patterns, human intervention and recovery measures have since been adopted. As a result, the basin has shown a reverse regime shift towards some healing of the environmental damage. Based on our analysis within TRB and a common theory of social development, four general types of SHSs are defined according to their characteristic spatio-temporal variations of historical co-evolution, including primitive agricultural, traditional agricultural, industrial agricultural, and urban SHSs. These co-evolutionary changes have been explained in the paper in terms of the Taiji–Tire model, a refinement of a special concept in Chinese philosophy, relating to the co-evolution of a system because of interactions among its components.
Personas and Performance in Gower's Confessio Amantis
Authors: Barrington Candace
Published: April 2014

This article argues that the Ricardian version of Gower's Confessio Amantis moves from didactic allegory to disenchanted prayers via three transformations of the authorial persona. After introducing himself as a moralizing advisor, Gower stages a commission whereby he changes himself into a courtier poet. Within that poet's courtly verse, Gower next masquerades as the courtier Amans and uses the lover's shrift to expose the Ricardian court's ethical shortcomings. Finally, Amans is unmasked to reveal John Gower senex. In this final role, Gower abandons his previous parts and relies instead on prayer to shape Richard into the king he resists becoming.
“Ain't gonna study war no more”:
Authors: Chism Christine
Published: April 2014

This article compares the treatment of war and nationalism in two of Geoffrey of Monmouth's texts, the Historia regum Britanniae (ca. 1136) and Vita Merlini (ca. 1148–50), arguing that the Vita Merlini critiques the earlier text's problematics of colonial sovereignty. By contrast, the Vita explores a politics of the local, the natural, and the geographically and emotionally connective. It renounces the war-producing dynastic rivalries of the Historia and instead imagines healing through a local community of friendly exchange and knowledge production. The Vita's critique illuminates the unanswerable ambiguities of the Historia and witnesses further to the human and political futilities of its version of British nationalism.
Carta del Editor Septiembre 2013
Authors: Morales Peña Juan Carlos
Published: April 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v3i1.1329
Discurso del Coordinador Principal del CINC-ANSP en la presentación pública del segundo número de la revista "Policía y Seguridad Pública"
Authors: Editor El
Published: April 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v3i1.1339Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 3(1) 2013: 349-352
Cine: Dentro del corredor de la muerte
Authors: Escobar Beltrán Carlos Roberto
Published: April 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v3i1.1348
The Diesel Cowboy in New England: Source and Symbol of Dick Curless’s "A Tombstone Every Mile"
Authors: Murphy Clifford R.
Published: April 2014

This article examines the sources and symbolic meaning of "A Tombstone Every Mile," a song written by Dan Fulkerson and recorded by Dick Curless in Bangor, Maine, in 1964. The song relates the dangers of trucking goods along the Haynesville Road in Aroostook County, Maine. The hit song galvanized a regional and national sub-genre of trucker music and transformed Curless from regional star to national symbol of Maine’s country music authenticity.
The Impact of Community Involvement, Religion, and Spirituality on Happiness and Health among a National Sample of Black Lesbians
Authors: Battle Juan , DeFreece Alfred
Published: April 2014

The health and health-care research community is slowly turning its attention to LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) people of color. This study advances such efforts by exploring the relative impact of engagement in the LGBT community, religiosity, and spirituality on self-reported happiness and overall health among a national sample of black lesbians. Employing OLS (ordinary least squares) regression analysis, we find that having a higher household income, being in a romantic relationship, and having higher levels of spirituality are robust predictors of happiness, while being younger, having a higher household income, a regular health-care provider, no religious affiliation, and higher levels of spirituality all predict increased levels of self-reported overall health. We conclude that access and spirituality are key factors shaping happiness and health among black lesbian women. Future research should build upon this finding and the limited number of works exploring the unique capacities of spirituality as practiced among this population to promote positive health behaviors and shape health-related policy.
Theoretical Study of the Electronic Spectrum of Disulfur Monoxide
Authors: Cobos Carlos J. , Croce Adela E.
Published: April 2014

The near ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of disulfur monoxide ( S2O) has been theoretically studied by using the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and the equation of motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles approach (EOM-CCSD) combined with the AUG-cc-PVQZ basis set. From this, analytical expressions for the absorption coefficient over the 250 - 340 nm range are reported for the first time. The computed molecular structure and the vibrational frequencies for the ground and third electronically excited state S2O (C 1Aʹ), responsible of the observed spectrum, are compared with available data.
Perspectives on the Correlates of Positive and Negative Spillover between Work and Family: a Study of Selected Banks in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria
Authors: Nkpah Young A. , Nduonofit Larry-Love Effiong , Bieh Nwoke Nwoke
Published: April 2014

The work-family interface is a systematically defined and measured attempt to evaluate a medium through which promotion of work-family synergistic relationship can thrive. It centres on providing a unique methodology into the work micro-system, family micro-system and individual characteristics. To actualize this, OLS regression analysis was used on data elicited from five (5) commercial banks in Port Harcourt. The study revealed that personality factor alone does not account for the propensities of individuals to experience or report work and family conflict. However, the study recommends that provision of public insurance guaranteeing paid leave for families is necessary for unification of positive or negative spillover effect between work and family.
Formal and Informal Institutions in Wal-Mart Case
Authors: Vargas-hernández José
Published: April 2014

This paper analyzes the strategies which are followed by Wal-Mart in different parts of the world from the viewpoint of theories of institutions, property rights and agency. The analysis of the questions what happens to these firms when they are in countries with high corruption index? It could answer this question in light of the theory of institutions, the theory of property rights and the theory of the agency. This paper specifically focuses on finding out if the above theories are applicable. The analysis concludes that the same firm adopts a different strategy in each place even if is in conflict with their values at home.
Triple Feedback Hybrid (TFH) GIS Learning Framework: A Learning-Crime Solution Amalgamation
Authors: Lubrica Nathaniel Vincent A.
Published: April 2014

In the past decades, Geographic Information System (GIS) became a powerful tool in policing. However, a niche in the andragogy of GIS training was found. Thus, a Triple Feedback Hybrid (TFH) GIS Learning Framework was formulated to facilitate the learning process. A GIS utility model (GUM) was developed based on a real and specific problem scenario. Afterwards, the learning objectives of the training module syllabus were conveniently contrived as a simulation of the GUM procedure. In connection, module testing through trainings was conducted to equip police personnel with GIS application. It was found that participant attitude and leadership commitment played a central role in GIS learning and implementation. Moreover, focus groups with staggered phasing of trainings provided more attainable learning objectives, adequate time for mastery, and opportunity for reflective learning. As a result, the implementation of GIS in the Baguio City Police (BCPO) became a policy. Furthermore, the humble start of the research made an imprint as a best practice in rationalizing police operations, enhancing crime prevention, and engaging community policing in the regional and national level.
Teaching Competence of the Graduate Education Faculty in Southern Leyte State University, Philippines
Authors: Daguplo Marvin S.
Published: April 2014

Teaching competence is a critical causal factor in the learning of graduate students. This cross-sectional survey design assessed the teaching competence of the graduate faculty of Southern Leyte State University. A total of 122 randomly selected graduate education students responded to the standardized questionnaire. The profile of the graduate studies faculty was asked from the Office of the Graduate Studies. Descriptive analysis revealed that women faculty outnumbered their male equals in pursuing higher academic degree for professional development and competence. Thus, female graduate studies faculty stood-out in the Assistant and Associate Professorshipsâ€™ ranks. Moreover, graduate students assessed their professors as very competent in two areas, namely, (i)Professional Ethics and (ii) Personal Qualities; and as competent in the areas of (i) Mastery of the Subject Matter, (ii) Teaching Skills), (iii) Classroom Management, (iv) Evaluation Skills, (v) Intrapersonal Qualities, and (vi) Aesthetic Qualities. Inferential analysis, however, revealed a â€œweak to moderateâ€ correlation with the different areas of teaching skill. Only the educational degree of the SLSU Graduate Education Faculty is strongly correlated with personal qualities. With competent faculty, one can assure that quality education is properly guarded in the graduate studies of Southern Leyte State University.
The Use of Model Making in Teaching Human Organ Systems
Authors: Molino-Magtolis Joyce
Published: April 2014

Teaching science is a dynamic process. Along with the advancement of technology, the methodology of the teaching process must be innovative to adapt to the current trends of education. Teachers then are prompted with perseverance to the task of providing innovative answers to modern need of the science curriculum. This quasi - experimental study aimed to determine the effect of model making as a tool in teaching selected human body systems. The study was conducted to a total of 102 university freshmen enrolled in Biological Sciences. Pre-test, post-test and interview guide were conducted to gather the data. Analysis on the pre-test and post-test scores revealed a significant improvement on the performance of the students. Furthermore, the group when exposed to the model making activity showed a significant mean difference between the pre-test and the post-test scores. The feedback of the students indicated that the model making activity made the learning process more challenging and interesting. Results showed that with model making, the teaching of selected human organ systems is effective. Model making, therefore, could be an alternative teaching technique to enhance students' creative thinking and better understanding of the concept.
Research Programs in State Universities in the CALABARZON Area
Authors: Aquino Anania B.
Published: April 2014

Research is one of the four – fold functions of institutions of higher learning. It is relevant to instruction, extension and production. Relevant to this function, this study assessed the institutional research program of five state universities in the CALABARZON area, Philippines. It made used of the descriptive survey method with the bipolar rating scale questionnaire as the main instrument utilized in gathering data supplemented with interview. The respondents were composed of 59 research administrators and 158 faculty researchers. Faculty researchers are found to be mostly master’s degree holder, assistant professor, regular permanent, with 17 years of teaching experience, have participated in research symposium/seminar/workshop, with seven subject teaching load, and without professional affiliation. Assessment of the institutional research agenda reveals that all seven aspects were rated positive to quite positive as to evaluation; strong to quite strong in terms of potency; and active to quite active in terms of activity. Faculty researchers have also exposed their expectations regarding research production, dissemination and utilization. The study culminated in identifying needs based on the findings on faculty profile, assessment of the institutional agenda and prospects in the institutional agenda. Utilizing these needs, strategies to enhance research production, dissemination and utilization are proposed.
Climate Change Awareness of the Community Officials in the Municipality of Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte: Gear towards Vulnerability and Adaption
Authors: Garcia Gary C.
Published: April 2014

Eastern Visayas is constantly experiencing a series of calamities since the tragic mudslide in the community of Guinsaugon Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte in 2006. As a result, the state of calamity declared in almost every part the country due to heavy rains that devastated agriculture, livestock and properties. This study was conducted to assess the level of the community officials' related awareness on climate change, more particular on its cause and effect, thought and belief, and the course of action through community ordinances related to climate change. The study utilizes the descriptive survey method of research. Data was analyzed and interpreted using weighted mean and percentages to describe the level of awareness of the elected officials towards climate change. Majority agreed that climate change is happening and presently affecting the people in the community. Thought of respondents towards climate change is highly coupled with religious thinking. Actual state of affairs (situation) is the priority of the community officials leading to the inaccurate expectation of the long term effect of climate change. Community officials' awareness on the causes and effect of climate change is observable but limited on vulnerability and adaptation. Thus, additional exposure and depth understanding on climate change is recommended.
Comparative Performance Effectiveness of the Portable Food Balls Extrusion Machine
Authors: Bonito Ana Maria A.
Published: April 2014

This study developed a portable extrusion machine for food balls products. The study used the Research and Development (R&D) process for it involved the preparation and construction of a finished product that can be used in the field of education. The extrusion machine’s cost efficiency was 10 times better than the manual method but twice lower compared to the commercial machine. There was significant variation in the weights of the food balls produced by the three methods, and the instructional and commercial value of the machine obtained an overall mean rating of 4.46 or very satisfactory. Thus, it is technically feasible to construct the portable extrusion machine in view of the expected functionality of the designed parts, the availability of supplies and materials and affordability of its cost. The construction of the machine requires procedure to follow for ease and accuracy. The portable extrusion machine is superior over the manual method but inferior to commercial units as to production ratio. Furthermore, it is more economically viable to use the portable extrusion machine for small-scale food balls production than the manual method. Potential for technology transfer/ generation and business incubation should be conducted before its release in the Philippine market.
The Factors Affecting the Sociolinguistic and Strategic Competencies in English among Teachers in Higher Education Teachers in Lipa City
Authors: Tipan Allan D.
Published: April 2014

The study attempted to describe the factors affecting the sociolinguistic andstrategic competencies in English among teachers in Higher Education Institutionsin Lipa City and determine the relationship between the demographic characteristicsand their assessments. The study was done during the school year 2010-2011. ThreeHigher Education Institutions in Lipa City were selected as the research locale. Totalenumeration was used as sampling for the study. Both quantitative and qualitativeresearch methods were employed. The respondents agreed that the factors of contextof acquisition, accommodating speech norms and code switching, degree of contactwith second language users and level of confidence affect their sociolinguisticcompetence. Likewise, they also agreed that the factors of questioning skills and useof non-verbal communication affect their strategic competencies. Variations in termsof the relationships of different demographic characteristics and their sociolinguisticand strategic competencies were also established. A general sense, the teachers' diverse characteristics generated different points of view on how the factors affecttheir competencies. This led to the conclusion that they are the ones responsible why the factors influence their competencies. They should be the ones responsible for affecting culture and not culture to affect their language competencies. It is of greatimportance that teachers should take the initiative to study and systematically use thecompetencies which they can work on. HEI administrators should offer professionaldevelopment seminars as these are necessary for the effective use of the teachers' competencies.
Facebook Use as Mechanism in Understanding Emotion and Self-regulation
Authors: Aclao Joel , Cabrera Joey A. , Abucay Ell June S. , Colegado Cleo Wendell Jade Z.
Published: April 2014

Schools and school administrators regulate the use of social networking sites especially Facebook in the campus as they consider it unfavorable to students' academic life. This study looked into the positive contribution of Facebook to students' life. It correlated students' frequency of Facebook use and their level of emotion regulation. This descriptive-correlational study utilized Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to collect data from the 130 student-respondents. The study revealed that the Misamis University High School students used Facebook for 1-2 hours a day on average. As the students increase their frequency of Facebook use, their level of understanding and regulating their emotion get better. The study reconsiders revision of the school policy on Facebook use in the campus and integration of the same in instructional practices.
PAGANA MERANAO: A Royal Feast as an Institution
Authors: Pimping Cadidia
Published: April 2014

The study aimed to describe its origin, historical and other components in the preparation of Meranao foods. Specifically, the research work pursued the following objectives. 1) To describe the Meranao decorations during the Pagana Meranao, 2) To describe the Pagana Meranao food preparation and serving, 3) To describe the Pagana Meranao as royal entertainment. The study used the descriptive design involving qualitative techniques, supported by interviews to key informants who are knowledgeable about the tradition and customs of the Meranao. The study utilized all available Meranao materials references on Pagana Meranao found in the library to counter check information given by key informants for better understanding of the research work and its significance, especially the non-Meranaos. The researcher also conducted an actual observation about the serving of Pagana Meranao.