bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lilingis, the Bastard Half-Brother of Illus
Authors: Leszka Mirosław J.
Published: April 2022

The paper is devoted to Lilingis – one of the leaders in the Isaurian uprising against emperor Anastasius I. He was Illus’ half-brother. Illus was an Isaurian who, aside from Zeno, played the most important role in the life of the Byzantine state in the 470s and 480s. It is possible that from 484, Lilingis held the position of the Isaurian comes and was so successful at it that he probably retained it until the end of Zeno’s reign and gained authority among his tribesmen, which resulted in his participation as one of the leaders in the Isaurian uprising. Lilingis was co-commander in the first rebel clash with the emperor’s forces at Kotyaeum (492). He met his death in the battle.
The Notion of "communis schola" in the Thought of Jean Gerson (1363–1429)
Authors: Micali Luciano
Published: April 2022

The article aims to analyze the meaning and the role of the notion of communis schola in the theological and ecclesiological thought of Jean Gerson (1363–1429), Chancellor of the University of Paris, schoolman influent in every intellectual debate of his time, and renowned spiritual advisor. Driven by a constant concern for the unity of the Church, Gerson is aware of the need to realize this unity first of all within the University environment, in order to avoid the circulation and the spread of heterodox or even heretical doctrines; his references to the concept of “common school”, in different textual contexts and with various shades of meaning, invest not only the doctrinal contents, but also the methodology, the moral attitudes, and the right theological models of the ideal master and of the ideal student of theology. The article also touches the way in which the Parisian chancellor deals with mysticism and mystical writers, using the concept of “common school” to define the borders and the terms in which it is possible to access the difficult and obscure field of the mystical theology.
Necessary and Sufficient Optimality Conditions for Semi-infinite Programming with Multiple Fuzzy-valued Objective Functions
Authors: Le Tung Thanh , Dang Tam Hoang
Published: April 2022

This paper deals with semi-infifinite programming with multiple fuzzy-valued objective functions. Firstly, some types of effificient solutions are proposed and illustrated in some examples. Then, necessary and suffificient Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions for semi-infifinite programming with multiple fuzzy-valued objective functions are established.
Extended Exponentiated Chen Distribution: Mathematical Properties and Applications
Authors: Zamani Zohreh , Afshari Mahmoud , H. Karamikabir  , M. Alizadeh  , M. Masoom Ali
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we introduce a new four-parameter distribution which is called Extended Exponentiated Chen (EE-C) distribution. Theoretical properties of this model including the hazard function, moments, conditional moments, mean residual life, mean past lifetime, coefficients of skewness and kurtosis, order statistics and asymptotic properties are derived and studied. The maximum likelihood estimation technique is used to estimate the parameters of this model. The estimation of the model parameters by Least squares, Weighted Least Squares, Crammer-von-Mises, Anderson-Darling and right-tailed Anderson-Darling methods are also briefly introduced and numerically investigated. Moreover, simulation schemes are derived. At the end, three applications of the model with two real data sets are presented for the illustration of the flexibility of the proposed distribution.
A New Lifetime Distribution with Properties, Characterizations, Validation Testing and Different Estimation Methods
Authors: M. Yousof Haitham , Ali M. Masoom , Hamedani G.G. , Aidi Khaoula , Mohamed Ibrahim
Published: April 2022

A new lifetime distribution is proposed and its properties are studied. The new density function has a heavy right skew tails with different shapes. The new failure rate function can be “constant”, “bathtub (U)”, “increasing-constant”, “decreasing-constant”, “upside down” and “upside down-U”. Complexity of the most integrals related to statistical properties is solved and numerically analyzed. Simple type copula is presented. Numerical calculations for analyzing the skewness and kurtosis are presented. Different estimation methods such as the maximum likelihood estimation method, Cramer-von-Mises estimation method, ordinary least square estimation method, weighted least square estimation method, Anderson Darling estimation method, right tail Anderson Darling estimation method and left tail-Anderson Darling estimation method are considered. Numerical simulation studies are performed. An example of environmental real data set is employed to compare the estimation methods. Another example is presented to measure importance and flflexibility of the new model. Using the validation approach proposed by Bagdonavicius and Nikulin (2011) for censored data, we propose the construction of modifified chi-square goodness-of-fifit tests for the new model. Based on the maximum likelihood estimators on initial data, the modifified statistics recover the information lost while grouping data and follow chi-square models. All elements of the modifified criteria tests are given explicitly. Numerical example from simulated samples and four real data sets have been analyzed to illustrate the feasibility of the modifified test.
Testing the Validity of Lindley Model Based on Informational Energy with Application to Real Medical Data
Authors: Alizadeh Noughabi Hadi
Published: April 2022

In this article, a test statistic for testing the validity of the Lindley model based on the informational energy is proposed. Consistency of our test is shown. Through a simulation study, we obtain the critical values of the test statistic and then the power of the test is computed by Monte Carlo method against various alternatives. The performance of the proposed test with some competing tests is compared. Our results show that our test is superior to the classical nonparametric tests and can apply to a testing problem in practice. A real medical data set is presented and analyzed.
Cel i metody kształtowania wizerunku mediów lokalnych na przykładzie rynku medialnego w Oławie
Authors: Both Jan
Published: April 2022

W artykule poruszono temat kształtowania wizerunku mediów lokalnych oraz metod i celu, w jakim takie działania są podejmowane. Uwzględniono charakterystykę rynku medialnego w Polsce, zachowania konsumenckie w zależności od różnych czynników, a jako przykład i obszar badawczy posłużył rynek medialny w Oławie, położonej około 30 km od Wrocławia. W części teoretycznej artykułu przedstawiono najważniejsze zagadnienia związane z kształtowaniem wizerunku marki, firmy i świadomości konsumenckiej z odniesieniami do mediów, a także opisano rolę i funkcje mediów lokalnych oraz budowania wizerunku. W części praktycznej przeanalizowano badanie odbiorców mediów lokalnych w Oławie. Przy interpretacji wyników wzięto pod uwagę zagadnienia opisane we wcześniejszym rozdziale w celu możliwego ukazania niestandardowych zachowań konsumenckich odbiorców mediów lokalnych.
Upor ob prepričevanju v povezavi z osebnostjo
Authors: Cizl Maruša , Musil Bojan
Published: April 2022

Namen raziskave je preveriti, kako se izraženost osebnostnih lastnosti povezuje z uporom ob prepričevanju. Preverjali smo tudi, ali osebnostne lastnosti napovedujejo pojav učinka bumeranga, kako se upor ob prepričevanju in sprememba moči odnosa do začetnega stališča povezujeta s starostjo in spolom ter kako na povezanost med spremenljivkami vpliva izbira socialno bolj ali manj zaželenega začetnega stališča. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 567 oseb, starih od 18 do 86 let. Udeleženci so na podlagi izhodiščnega besedila (Heinzeve dileme) izbrali eno od dveh ponujenih stališč (tj. izhodiščno stališče) in izpolnili osebnostni vprašalnik. Glede na izhodiščno stališče so bili nato izpostavljeni prepričevalnemu sporočilu, na koncu pa smo preverili še spremembo stališča ter spremembo odnosa do stališča (če se stališče ni spremenilo). Rezultati so pokazali, da je pri osebah, ki so izbrale socialno bolj zaželeno stališče in si nato premislile, bolj izražena sprejemljivost kot pri osebah, ki so se uspešno uprle prepričevanju, ekstravertnost pa se je izkazala za statistično značilen napovednik učinka bumeranga. Posamezniki, ki so se odločili za socialno manj zaželeno stališče in so se uspešno uprli prepričevanju, so v povprečju starejši od tistih, ki so se prepričevanju uspešno uprli na podlagi socialno bolj zaželenega stališča. V prihodnjih raziskavah bi bilo smiselno vključiti še kontrolo izrabe samoregulacijskih virov.
Cat Contact as A Risk Factor for Tinea Capitis Infection
Authors: Ervianti Evy , Salsabila Addia , Widia Yuri , Kawilarang Arthur Pohan
Published: April 2022

Background: Tinea capitis (TC) is common infection caused by dermatophytes on the scalp. Cat contact is one of the TC risk factors. Microsporum canis is the most abundant fungi in cats and humans as a zoophilic infection. Cats and carrier cats can infect humans, mostly children. Purpose: To evaluate cat contact as a risk factor for TC patients at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatients Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya in January 2017 - December 2018. Methods: A retrospective study by observation and recording data. The results obtained as a result of the data recap were then processed using tabulation to obtain conclusions. Result: The results obtained from TC cases in 2017 and 2018 are 20 patients. The results were cat contact in 9 patients (45%), aged > 5 years (55,6%), male (55,6%), and lived in Surabaya (88,9%), hair loss (88,9%), crust (100%), M. canis in culture (55,6%), Grey patch type (55,6%), combination of oral Griseofulvin and Ketoconazole 2% scalp solution (88,9%), and patients’ follow up (44,4%). Discussion: More people keeping cats will increase the risk of being infected with feline dermatophytosis. Combination therapy is the best treatment for M. canis. It is important to educate parents to be careful with pet cats that can become carriers. Conclusion: Cat contact was positive in almost half patients, mostly in a male and > 5 years old. The most common signs and symptoms were crust and hair loss, and grey patch.
Distribution of Leprosy Patients with and without Plantaris Ulcers
Authors: Sari Vida Cahlia Novita , Alinda Medhi Denisa , Prajitno Subur , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit
Published: April 2022

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by obligate intracellular Mycobacterium leprae, impacting public health. Leprosy causes deformity, and disability can lead to ulcer disease. Nerve involvement is essential in the emergence of ulcers on the feet, including in neuropathic ulcers. Neuropathic ulcers can be found on the soles of the feet and are often called plantar ulcers. The slow healing process of the ulcer will cause the plantar ulcer to become chronic. Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics of leprosy patients with and without plantar ulcers at the Leprosy Division of Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, 2015-2019. Methods: A retrospective study were conducted by examining medical records for five years (2015-2019) at the Leprosy Division of Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. Results: A total of 511 patients met inclusion criteria. In leprosy patients without plantar ulcers group, the characteristics were male (68%), female (32%), aged 26-35 years (25.4%), paucibacillary (8.1%) and multibacillary (91.8%), patients without leprosy reactions (58%), and patients under treatment (49%). In leprosy patients with plantar ulcers group, the characteristics were male (64.3%), female (35.7%), aged 26-35 years (31%), multibacillary (92.9%), patients without leprosy reactions (61.9%), patients in the RFT category (76%), the ulcer duration group with highest prevalence rate 1-6 months (38.1%), and the most common location of plantar ulcers was on the forefoot (95.2%). Conclusion: Leprosy without plantar ulcers was more common than leprosy with plantar ulcers, mostly in male, dominated in the 26-35 years old for patients leprosy without plantar ulcers, type MB (multibacillary) was most history of leprosy type. Leprosy without reaction was common in leprosy patients with and without plantar ulcers. Patients without plantar ulcers majority was MDTL therapy, patients with plantar ulcers was common RFT (Release From Treatment).
Skin Aging Profile in Tertiary Hospital: a Descriptive Study
Authors: Wikassa Tasya , Damayanti Damayanti , Irwadi Irfiansyah , Setyaningrum Trisniartami , Rahmadewi Rahmadewi , Indramaya Diah Mira , Umborowati Menul Ayu
Published: April 2022

Background: Skin aging is a physiological process that involves changes in skin cells and tissues due to abnormal mechanisms and decreased tissue function caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Skin aging has different clinical manifestations in each individual, which were classified using Glogau's photoaging classification. Purpose: The objective of this descriptive observational study is to evaluate the profile of skin aging patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya from January – December 2019. Methods: This study utilized a total sampling technique from data obtained from the patients' medical records, which included age, gender, occupation, anamnesis, physical examination, diagnosis, and treatment received by patients. This research has been reviewed by the Ethics Committee at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya (0438/KEPK/XII/2021). Result: Based on data obtained from medical records, 415 samples of skin aging patients were collected. The highest number of cases occurred among patients aged 45 - < 60 years. Most patients were female, and the majority of patients’ occupations were private employees. History taking findings include the most common complaint, namely dull skin, with the most precipitating factors discovered in patients, namely exposure to sunlight and pollution. Wrinkles were the most common physical examination finding in patients, with Glogau's photoaging III being the most common diagnosis. Most patients were treated with photoprotection in the form of sunscreen. Conclusion: With the increase of public awareness about appearance, as well as human health and quality of life, skin aging is receiving adequate attention nowadays, with sun exposure being the most common precipitating factor.
Neglected Congenital Rubella Syndrome in 10-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Rifqi Kafin , Hermawan Dicky
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Cataract, congenital heart defect, and hearing impairment are the three most common manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) that lead to developmental delay in the children. CRS usually present during the infant period of three months old as the median age number. Ironically, we found a 10-year-old boy who was diagnosed with CRS and there was no significant plan to improve his condition anymore because of his neglected by family. The purpose of this case report is to alert primary health workers and also ophthalmologists to do our best to prevent blindness due to cataracts in Indonesia with early detection. Case presentation: A 10-year-old boy was brought to the outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of difficulties in focusing the target in the classroom. The grandmother said that her grandson has already had a white plaque in his both eyes since he was born. The boy has also suffered from deaf-mutism. His visual acuity was hand movement and there was lens opacity in his both eyes. He also had posterior uveitis in both eyes followed by the presence of nystagmus. There was retinal detachment in ultrasonography (USG) examination. The patient has no cardiac abnormalities. Rubella infection was confirmed by the high number of IgG rubella serology. His grandmother had just brought the boy to the outpatient clinic because she never thought that the eyes needed therapy until the boy could not do his daily activities as the cataract worsen. Conclusions: The parent’s role is highly crucial for the visual outcome of patient with congenital ophthalmologic problems. Primary health worker also play a significant role in early detection that may prevent such incident. Delayed detection and management of congenital cataracts may cause permanent visual impairment and lead to patient’s poor quality of life.
Al-Qaeda and the Taliban: Ambivalent Partnership
Authors: Machitidze G.
Published: April 2022

The nature of the Taliban–al-Qaeda relationship has long been a major controversy among experts. Some argue that the Taliban and al-Qaeda are synonymous in many respects and that their ideology and objectives are closely intertwined. Some believe that this is a relationship of convenience or necessity for both groups, while others insist on deeper personal and ideological ties. Given this public discourse, the author analyzes the ambivalent relationship between al-Qaeda and the Taliban over the past 25 years, which has always been of business nature (comprehensive assistance in exchange for sanctuary), but never a political alliance. Al-Qaeda’s globalist plans to create a mythical caliphate have always contradicted the Taliban’s modest goals: to restore order in the country by pacifying corrupt warlords, to form an efficient government that enforces Sharia law, and to achieve international recognition. At the initial stage, the al-Qaeda leadership did not comply with the restrictions imposed on them by the Taliban and behaved independently, which resulted in foreign intervention and the loss of power. The author concludes that the strategic goals of al-Qaeda posed a direct threat to the nationally oriented goals of the Taliban. However, in the 2000s, the Taliban’s ties to al-Qaeda were important for spreading the insurgency in Afghanistan, although al-Qaeda’s military contribution on the battlefield was very modest. The author focuses on the weakening of opportunities and the degradation of the influence of al-Qaeda under powerful pressure from the coalition forces, the Afghan and Pakistani governments. In recent years, al-Qaeda, amid the victories of the Taliban, has begun to rebuild its positions in Afghanistan. The article shows the dependence of the al-Qaeda leadership, which has nowhere to hide, on the new regime in Kabul, which allows the Taliban to better control the militants of this terrorist organization.
Information Operations of NATO and their Influence on Modern International Politics
Authors: Peycheva A.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the definition of NATO information operations and specifics of their conduct pertaining to certain examples, including those against the Russian Federation. The scientific relevance of the chosen research topic is due to its insufficient study in political science in view of the novelty of the chosen issues. The purpose of this study is to analyze the features of NATO information operations as well as their main international consequences with special regard to issues associated with Russia. This policy analysis is achievable through the application of an interdisciplinary approach to highlighting the various stages of defining NATO information operations through historical, political and psychological analysis of the distinct aspects of such operations. The theory of information operations is based on the works of the classics of political communication, such as G. D. Lasswell and B. McNair, who discussed in detail the tactics of manipulation and propaganda, as well as P. Lazarsfeld and R. K. Merton, C. E. Merriam, T. V. Adorno, and G. Marcuse, whose research is concerned with explaining the spread of ideas through various media in order to influence the mass consciousness within a collective social entity. Among the Russian authors, it is worth noting the works of M. M. Lebedeva on the stereotypes of mass consciousness in the conditions of international conflicts. The research of T. V. Evgen’eva can be used as a basic guide to the interpretation of modern information operations. To support their standpoint, the author provides detailed analysis of how information operations can be defined and divided into stages. The analysis is entwined with vivid examples of information operations conduct, particularly, amid NATO humanitarian interventions, the Sergey Skripal attack, the HMS Defender incident and diminishing the USSR’s role in WWII. The author concludes that the deterioration of diplomatic relations is provoked by an overall imperception of the information operations’ definition and the clear laws governing NATO information operations, though some space for activating Russia–NATO cooperation still exists.
Hybrid HCNN-KNN Model Enhances Age Estimation Accuracy in Orthopantomography
Authors: Sharifonnasabi Fatemeh , Jhanjhi Noor , John Jacob , Obeidy Peyman , Shamshirband Shahab , Alinejad Rokny Hamid , Baz Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Age estimation in dental radiographs Orthopantomography (OPG) is a medical imaging technique that physicians and pathologists utilise for disease identification and legal matters. For example, for estimating post-mortem interval, detecting child abuse, drug trafficking, and identifying an unknown body. Recent development in automated image processing models improved the age estimation's limited precision to an approximate range of +/- one year. While this estimation is often accepted as accurate measurement, age estimation should be as precise as possible in most serious matters, such as homicide. Current age estimation techniques are highly dependent on manual and time-consuming image processing. Age estimation is often a time-sensitive matter in which the image processing time is vital. Recent development in Machine learning-based data processing methods has decreased the imaging time processing; however, the accuracy of these techniques remains to be further improved. We proposed an ensemble method of image classifiers and transfer learning techniques to enhance the accuracy of age estimation using OPGs from one year to a couple of months (1-3-6). This hybrid model is based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and K nearest neighbours (KNN). The hybrid (HCNN-KNN) model was used to investigate 1,922 panoramic dental radiographs of patients aged 15 to 23. These OPGs were obtained from the various teaching institutes and private dental clinics in Malaysia. To minimise the chance of overfitting in our model, we used the principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm and eliminated the features with high correlation. To further enhance the performance of our hybrid model, we performed systematic image pre-processing. We applied a series of classifications to train our model. We have successfully demonstrated that combining these innovative approaches has improved the classification and segmentation and thus the age-estimation outcome of the model. Our findings suggest that our innovative model, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, successfully estimated the age in classified studies of one year old, six months, three months and one-month-old cases with accuracies of 99.98, 99.96, 99.87, and 98.78 respectively.
The Wasps are Clever: Keeping Out and Finding Bot Answers in Internet Surveys Used for Health Research
Authors: Brainard Julii , Killett Anne , Houghton Julie , Bunn Diane , Watts Laura , Mumford Suzanne , O'Brien Sarah J. , Lane Kathleen
Published: April 2022

Automated software bots infiltrate online surveys and corrupt data integrity, not to mention waste researcher time and budgets. Although resources exist to help keep bots out and identify bots when they do evade survey barriers, bot attacks may be a persistent problem for online surveys for a long time to come. Bots are evolving -- even as survey designers try ever more sophisticated methods to fend them off and weed their answers out. Vigilance needs to be high and the bot generators should not be under-estimated. We recount here some bot features we encountered after our own survey was attacked that helped to identify them, and that have not been detailed elsewhere. We also discuss reasons why commonly recommended strategies for how to keep bots out may not be feasible for many scientific researchers.
On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology
Authors: Costabile Francesca , Decesari Stefano , Vecchi Roberta , Lucarelli Franco , Curci Gabriele , Massabò Dario , Rinaldi Matteo , Gualtieri Maurizio , Corsini Emanuela , Menegola Elena , Canepari Silvia , Massimi Lorenzo , Argentini Stefania , Busetto Maurizio , Di Iulio Gianluca , Di Liberto Luca , Paglione Marco , Petenko Igor , Russo Mara , Marinoni Angela , Casasanta Gianpietro , Valentini Sara , Bernardoni Vera , Crova Federica , Valli Gianluigi , Forello Alice Corina , Giardi Fabio , Nava Silvia , Pazzi Giulia , Prati Paolo , Vernocchi Virginia , La Torretta Teresa , Petralia Ettore , Stracquadanio Milena , Zanini Gabriele , Melzi Gloria , Nozza Emma , Iulini Martina , Caruso Donatella , Cioffi Lucia , Imperato Gabriele , Giavarini Flavio , Battistoni Maria , Di Renzo Francesca , Frezzini Maria Agostina , Perrino Cinzia , Facchini Maria Cristina
Published: April 2022

The RHAPS project was launched in 2019 with the major objective to identify specific properties of the fine atmospheric aerosol from combustion sources that are responsible for toxicological effects and can be used as new metrics for health-related outdoor pollution studies. In this paper, we present the overall methodology of RHAPS, and introduce the phenomenology and the first data observed. A comprehensive physico-chemical aerosol characterization has been achieved by means of high-time resolution measurements (e.g. number size distributions, refractory chemical components, elemental composition,) and low-time resolution analyses (e.g. oxidative potential, toxicological assays, chemical composition,…). Preliminary results show a high complexity in the relations observed, the link between air quality and toxicological endpoints being not obvious. We explore data from different points of view: source apportionment of PM1 and the role of source emissions on aerosol toxicity, the oxidative potential as a predictive variable for PM1 toxicity with focus on the secondary organic aerosol possessing redox-active capacity, exposure-response relationships for PM1, and air quality models to forecast PM1 toxicity. We provide a synthesis of results with the outlook to companion papers where data are analyzed in more detail.
A Compact Real-time Quantitative Phase Imaging System
Authors: Peng Tao , Ke Zeyu , Zhang Shuhe , Shao Meng , Yang Han , Liu Xiao , Zou Huijuan , Zhong Zhensheng , Zhong Mincheng , Shi Hui , Fang Shu , Lu Rongsheng , Zhou Jinhua
Published: April 2022

Quantitative differential phase contrast (qDPC) imaging has become an important method of optical measurement and life science research in microscopy because of its high reconstruction resolution and non-invasive, high-contrast and quantitative imaging of biological samples. Despite the continuous development of the principle and algorithm, the frame rate of the existing qDPC algorithm is still much lower than that of camera acquisition, so it is hardly applied to real-time image the fast-moving biological samples. In this paper, based on color-coded multiplexing strategy, a compact real-time quantitative phase imaging system is designed to realize multi-mode imaging. The system employs a programmable LED array to illuminate directly, and the phase reconstruction algorithm is deployed in the graphics processing unit (GPU) of the laptop to accelerate the calculation. The system can achieve high-speed quantitative phase imaging of non-stained biological samples, and the frame rate can reach 60fps. The device has the advantages of compact structure, low cost and portability. Thus, it is suitable for mobile medical applications.
Empirical Characterization of ReRAM devices using Memory Maps and Dynamic Route Map
Authors: Picos Rodrigo , Stavrinides Stavros G. , Al Chawa Mohamad Moner , de Benito Carola , Dueñas Salvador , Castán Helena , Hatzikraniotis Evripidis , Chua Leon O.
Published: April 2022

Memristors were proposed in the early ’70s of the XXth century by Leon Chua as a new electrical element linking the charge and the flux. Since that first introduction, these devices have positioned themselves to be considered as possibly fundamental for the new generations of electronic devices. It has to be mentioned that actual memristors have only been recognized to exist as physical elements. In this paper, we apply a modeling framework to generate a model describing experimental measurements performed on a ReRAM. We show how to apply the Dynamic Route Map technique in the general case to obtain an approximation to the differential equation that determines the behaviour of the device.
A Cyanobacteria Enriched Layer of Shark Bay Stromatolites Reveals a New Acaryochloris strain Living in near Infrared Light
Authors: Johnson Michael Stuart , Burns Brendan P. , Herdean Andrei , Angeloski Alexander , Ralph Peter , Morris Therese , Kindler Gareth , Wong Hon Lun , Kuzhiumparambil Unnikrishnan , Sedger Lisa , Larkum Anthony WD
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The genus Acaryochloris is unique among phototrophic organisms due to the dominance of chlorophyll d in its photosynthetic reaction centres and light-harvesting proteins. This allows Acaryochloris to capture light energy for photosynthesis over an extended spectrum of up to ~760 nm in the near infra-red (NIR) spectrum. Acaryochloris sp. has been reported in a variety of ecological niches, ranging from polar to tropical shallow aquatic sites. Here, we report a new Acarychloris strain isolated from an NIR-enriched stratified microbial layer 4-6 mm under the surface of stromatolite mats located in the Hamelin Pool of Shark Bay, Western Australia. Pigment analysis, by traditional spectrometry/fluorometry, flow cytometry and spectral confocal microscopy identify unique patterns in pigment distribution that likely reflect niche adaption. For example, unlike the original A. marina species (type strain MBIC11017), this new strain, Acarychloris LARK001, shows little change in the chlorophyll d/a ratio in response to changes in light wavelength, displays a different Fv/Fm response and lacks detectable levels of phycocyanin. Indeed, 16S rRNA analysis supports the identity of the A. marina LARK001 strain as distinct from the A. marina HICR111A strain first isolated from Heron Island, previously found on the Great Barrier Reef, under coral rubble on the reef flat. Taken together, A. marina LARK001 is a new cyanobacterial strain adapted to the stromatolite matts in Shark Bay.
Solar Radiation in Architectural Projects as a Key Design Factor for the Recovery of Alzheimer’s Outpatients
Authors: Almodovar-Melendo Jose-Manuel , Quesada-García Santiago , Valero Pablo , Cabeza-Lainez Joseph
Published: April 2022

The beneficial effects of solar radiation on human health are well documented. One necessary mechanism triggers the production of vitamin D whose insufficiency has been linked to a variety of disorders like diabetes, hypertension and more recently amyloidosis and Alzheimer disease. However, there are few architectural designs capable on ensuring adequate provision of solar radiation inside buildings. Conventional fenestration is not sufficient to provide for significant doses of sunlight even to prevent seasonal affective disorder (SAD). In this paper we discuss the effect of new design alternatives for skylights, especially in the refurbishment of obsolete facilities. After such complex retrofit is executed, we have analyzed the performance of a building in warm and sunny climates as is the case of southern Spain. It has been considered as a priority the study of the factors that relate sunlight and energy, as well as, to a certain extent, other aspects like ventilation and insulation. Many architectural designs are presented as correct if the thermal requirements alone are met, even at the risk of later energy waste in lighting devices and visual or physical discomfort. On the other hand, large glazed areas allow more daylight into a space, but they may also allow excessive heat gains or losses which increase the air-conditioning cooling or heating load. To avoid these problems, we have considered the combined effect of daylight and energy from the beginning of the skylight design-process. A daylighting software based on configuration factors that we have apply in former researches to study the problems of direct sun over architectural structures have been used. This question cannot be treated adequately with conventional programs for overcast skies. The skylights have already been constructed and on-site measurements in the offices have been taken to complement the computer simulations data. The results show that it is possible to achieve energy saving and high radiation levels in winter without increasing heat loads during the summer. All this is considered beneficial to improve the condition of users with cognitive diseases as Alzheimer’s disease by virtue of adapted spaces.
Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor As A Final Frontier in The Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis: Definition of The Clinical and Microbiological Implications in A Case-Control Study
Authors: Migliorisi Giuseppe , Collura Mirella , Ficili Francesca , Pensabene Tiziana , Bongiorno Dafne , Collura Antonina , Di Bernardo Francesca , Stefani Stefania
Published: April 2022

The use of modulator drugs that target the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is the final frontier in the treatment of Cystic Fibrosis (CF), a genetic multiorgan disease. F508del is the most common mutation causing defective formation and function of CFTR. Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor is the first triple combination of CFTR modulators. Herein we report on a one-year case-control study that involved 26 patients with at least one F508del mutation. Patients were assigned to two similar groups, with patients with the worse clinical condition receiving treatment with the triple combination therapy. The study aims to define the clinical and especially microbiological implications of treatment administration. The treatment provided significant clinical benefits in terms of respiratory, pancreatic and sweat function. After one year of therapy, airway infection rates decreased and pulmonary exacerbations were dramatically reduced. Finally, treated patients reported a surprising improvement in their quality of life. The use of triple combination therapy has become essential in most CF people carrying the F508del mutation. While the clinical and instrumental benefits of treatment are thoroughly known, further investigations are needed to properly define its microbiological respiratory implications and establish the real advantage of life-long treatment with elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor.
GC–MS Based Metabolites Profiling, In Vitro Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Cancer Properties of Different Solvent Extracts from Leaves, Stems, Roots, and Flowers of Micromeria fruticosa (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Abu-Reidah Ibrahim , Al-Nuri Mohamed , Afifi Anwar , Omar Ghadeer , Adwan Ghalib , Warad Ismail
Published: April 2022

This study assesses the secondary metabolites, minerals, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of Micromeria fruticosa plant different botanical parts (leaf, stem, root, flower) extracted with various solvents. The plant samples were sequentially obtained using different solvents (n-hexane, ethanol and water) through steeping. Then, each of the extracts was further analyzed by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Moreover, the extracts were bio-assayed to test their antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-cancer activities. Quali-quantitative analysis of M. fruticosa crude extracts revealed the occurrence of 27 secondary metabolites were identified including mainly monoterpenes, sesquterpenes, and fatty acids, with varying quantities. Some of the major bioactive compounds included, Menthone (5.42-30.05%), Oleamide (3.40-32.20%), Pulegone (10.66-64.1%), and Menthol (3.61-100.0%), which were detected mostly in all plant parts with significant quantities. Several antioxidant minerals, mainly, Fe, Zn, and Mn, were detected with the highest amounts in the Micromeria water extracts. Results from antimicrobial assays showed that the water extract of leaves exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity (89.73%) followed by the water extract of flowers (80.07%) at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The water extract of stems showed greater antimicrobial activity against all the tested gram negative and positive bacteria (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnie). The leaves ethanolic and stem aqueous extracts had a strong antimicrobial activity against E. coli. and C. albicans. Flower aqueous extract demonstrated the highest cytostatic effect on the colon cell line by reducing viability up to 30.4%, followed by the leaf ethanol extract with 38.6% cell viability reduction at 1000 µg/mL. In conclusion, extraction solvents influenced the recovery of phytocompounds and the highest pharmacological activities of the different extracts could be correlated to the presence of additional bioactive compounds. Our results suggest that M. fruticosa plant is a promising source of natural products with antioxidant, anti-microbial and anti-cancer properties for potential nutraceutical, therapeutic, and functional food applications. , , , , , ,
Pengaruh Kadar HbA1c Terhadap Tingkat Kematian Pasien Covid-19 Dengan Komorbid Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Muhammad Samhan  , Aphridasari Jatu , Subandono Jarot
Published: April 2022

Pendahuluan: Covid-19 pertama kali dilaporkan pada bulan desember tahun 2019 lalu pada bulan Maret tahun 2020 WHO mendeklarasikan bahwa Covid-19 adalah pandemi global. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa manifestasi klinis penyakit Covid-19 ini dapat diperparah oleh beberapa faktor dan salah satunya adalah penyakit komorbid. Terdapat beberapa penyakit komorbid yang dapat mempengaruhi manifestasi klinis penyakit Covid-19, salah satunya adalah diabetes melitus, diabetes melitus sendiri merupakan penyakit komorbid yang banyak dijumpai, terdapat sekitar 500 juta orang di dunia yag mengidap penyakit ini, oleh karena itu penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan bukti empiris terkait pengaruh kondisi diabetes ini terhadap penyakit Covid-19.
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel penelitian berjumlah 273 pasien Covid-19 dengan komorbid Diabetes melitus yang dirawat di RSUD Dr. Moewardi pada bulan Januari – November 2021. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi bivariat Spearman.
Hasil: Dari 273 Pasien, didapatkan sebanyak 92 pasien meninggal dan 181 pasien hidup. Data kadar HbA1c yang didapatkan adalah sebanyak 3 orang memiliki kadar HbA1c terkontrol baik, 4 orang prediabetes, dan 266 orang kadar HbA1c nya tidak terkontrol.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar HbA1c terhadap tingkat kematian pasien Covid-19 dengan komorbid DM di RSUD Dr. Moewardi.
COVID-19 Pandemic Factors and Depressive Symptoms Among Primary Care Workers in São Paulo, Brazil, October and November 2020
Authors: Correia da Silva Andréa Tenório , Mascayano Franco , Valeri Linda , de Medeiros Jr Martim Elviro , Souza Morris Pimenta e , Ballester Dinarte , Cavalcanti Maria Tavares , Martínez-Alés Gonzalo , Moro Maria Francesca , van der Ven Els , Alvarado Rubén , Susser Ezra
Published: April 2022

Objectives. To investigate associations between COVID-19-related factors and depressive symptoms among primary care workers (PCWs) in São Paulo, Brazil, and to compare the prevalence of probable depression among PCWs before and during the pandemic.

Methods. In a random sample of primary care clinics, we examined 6 pandemic-related factors among 828 PCWs. We used multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios for probable depression. We assessed the prevalence of probable depression in PCWs before and during the pandemic in 2 comparable studies.

Results. Adjusted prevalence ratios were substantial for insufficient personal protective equipment; experiences of discrimination, violence, or harassment; and lack of family support. Comparisons between PCWs before and during the pandemic showed that the prevalence of probable depression among physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants was higher during the pandemic and that the prevalence among community health workers was higher before the pandemic.

Conclusions. Our findings indicate domains that may be crucial to mitigating depression among PCWs but that, with the exception of personal protective equipment, have not previously been examined in this population. It is crucial that governments and communities address discriminatory behaviors against PCWs, promote their well-being at work, and foster family support. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(5):786–794. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306723 )
LAS RESOLUCIONES DE LA DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE LOS REGISTROS Y DEL NOTARIADO SOBRE RETRIBUCIÓN DE ADMINISTRADORES DESPUÉS DE LA SENTENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL SUPREMO DE 26 DE FEBRERO DE 2018: ¿FLEXIBILIDAD O FRAGILIDAD?
Authors: Ortiz del Valle Mª del Carmen
Published: April 2022

Una de las cuestiones que más debate ha suscitado desde siempre en el ámbito del derecho de sociedades es el relativo a la retribución de los consejeros ejecutivos y, en concreto, en lo que se refiere a la constancia estatutaria de su retribución. De ahí la importancia de la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo de 26 de febrero de 2018 (RJ 2018, 635) y de las resoluciones de la Dirección General de los Registros y del Notariado (en adelante DGRN) surgidas con posterioridad a la misma.
FONDOS DE LITIGACIÓN (LITIGATION FUNDS): UNA PRIMERA APROXIMACIÓN
Authors: Borrero Zorita Luis
Published: April 2022

En el presente artículo se analiza y se hace una primera aproximación al fenómeno de los litigation funds, aun relativamente desconocido en España, desmenuzando su estructura básica y funcionamiento. Asimismo, se realizan algunas proyecciones sobre la posibilidad de su arraigo e implantación en España, así como sus  posibilidades de desarrollo y las oportunidades que pueden significar en nuestro país.
CONSEJO DE ADMINISTRACIÓN DEFICITARIO, CONSEJO DE ADMINISTRACIÓN INCOMPLETO Y VALIDEZ DE LA CONVOCATORIA DE LA JUNTA GENERAL DE SOCIOS
Authors: Alonso Espinosa Francisco J.
Published: April 2022

La STS (Sala 1ª) de 16 de enero de 2019 (Rec. 81/2016; ponente: Pedro José Vela Torres) resuelve sobre los criterios de estimación como causas de impugnación de la validez de los acuerdos de la junta general de socios relativas a: (i) la convocatoriade la junta general por acuerdo de un consejo de administración de tres miembros pero constituido solamente por dos consejeros a causa de la previa dimisión del ex-consejero y también socio impugnante, y (ii) la lesión del derecho de información del mismo socio y ex-administrador antes y durante la celebración de la junta general. Nos ocupamos aquí del primero de los problemas relativo a la convocatoria de la junta general por consejo de administración incompleto como causa de impugnación de la junta general y de sus acuerdos.
El humor como estrategia de afrontamiento en dolor crónico
Authors: Sánchez Espinar Silvia , Ramírez Maestre Carmen , Correa María , Ruíz Párraga Gema Teresa , Serrano Ibañez Elena , López Martinez Alicia Eva , Esteve Rosa
Published: April 2022

Marco Teórico. Aunque se han estudiado diferentes estrategias de afrontamiento en dolor crónico, el papel del humor en la adaptación al dolor crónico no ha sido estudiado hasta el momento.
Objetivo. Investigar el papel del humor como afrontamiento en la adaptación al dolor crónico.
Método. Se entrevistaron a 111 pacientes con dolor crónico. Se utilizó el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para analizar el modelo hipotético.
Resultados. El humor de autoafirmación y las estrategias de afrontamiento basadas en el humor se asocian positivamente con el afecto positivo y la satisfacción vital. La intensidad de dolor percibido no se relaciona con estas variables.
Conclusión. El estilo de humor de autoafirmación y el afecto aparecen como recursos de afrontamiento que contribuyen a explicar las diferencias en la adaptación de los pacientes con dolor crónico.

Palabras clave: humor, estrategias de afrontamiento, afecto, dolor crónico.
Nuevos tratamientos conductuales que usan dispositivos de ayuda a la masturbación para la eyaculación precoz: Estado del arte.
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez Jesús Eugenio , Marzo Campos Juan Carlos , Piqueras Rodríguez José Antonio
Published: April 2022

La eyaculación precoz (EP) es considerada la disfunción sexual masculina más frecuente, ya que afecta a millones de hombres en todo el mundo. En la actualidad los tratamientos para la EP consisten en una combinación de fármacos y terapias sexológicas o psicológicas, en especial técnicas conductuales para el hombre y su pareja. Las principales guías para el manejo de la EP recomiendan el uso de fármacos como tratamiento de primera línea. La Dapoxetina es el único tratamiento aprobado para la EP en más de 50 países. Otros medicamentos usados con frecuencia para la EP no están aprobados para su uso. Las técnicas conductuales no están recomendadas en el tratamiento de la EP. Sin embargo, publicaciones recientes indican que la combinación de fármacos con estas técnicas produce mejores resultados que solo el tratamiento farmacológico. En consecuencia, el objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión narrativa sobre los nuevos tratamientos conductuales que usan dispositivos de ayuda a la masturbación para la eyaculación precoz. Así, recientemente, diversos estudios han arrojado resultados prometedores usando una nueva modalidad de tratamiento conductual que surge como alternativa a los tratamientos farmacológicos. Esta combina el uso de dispositivos de ayuda a la masturbación, junto con una adaptación de la técnica clásica de parada y arranque que introdujo Semans en 1956.