bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of exclusive human milk diet on short-term growth of very preterm infants
Authors: Chou Fu-Sheng , Zhang Jing , Nguyen Cammie , Faison Giulia , Thompson Lindsey , Villosis Maria Fe , Barseghyan Karine , Lakshmanan Ashwini
Published: February 2024

Objectives: The impact of EHMD on postnatal growth remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the association between EHMD and short-term growth.
Methods: This multicenter retrospective study aims to compare growth between the EHMD and non-EHMD groups among infants <32 weeks of gestation. Primary outcomes include weight, length, and head circumference growth trajectories between birth and 34 weeks postmenstrual age. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed.
Results: An EHMD was independently associated with poorer length growth, especially in infants born at ≥28 weeks’ gestation or those exposed to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. While initiating fortification at <26 kcal/oz on an EHMD showed inferior growth, initiating fortification at ≥26 kcal/oz was associated with improved weight growth, and similar length and head circumference growth, when compared to the non-EHMD group.
Conclusions: An EHMD with initial fortification at ≥26 kcal/oz may be implemented to avoid bovine milk exposure while sustaining comparable growth.
Characterisations and Molecular Docking of Cathepsin B Cysteine Proteinase a novel drug target for Parasitic Nematode Trichinella spiralis.
Authors: Waghmare Somnath Balbhim , Kumar Anil , Balde Govind
Published: February 2024

Trichinella spiralis is a nematode parasite, the common cause of human disease Trichinellosis, the infection occurs after the consumption of raw or undercooked pork meat. In many parasitic helminths Cysteine proteases are the principal source of amino acids. In Trichinella spiralis, cathepsin B cysteine proteases may contribute to the parasite penetration into the host’s gut wall, feeding, degradation of haemoglobin etc. The aim of this study is to characterise and inhibit the synthesis of cathepsin B cysteine proteases by using natural product as inhibitors of protein to control the population of nematode parasite in human host. The EXPASY server ProtParam performed the cysteine protease cathepsin B physicochemical analysis. In secondary structure analysis amino acid composition of cathepsin B protein were predicted by PredictProtein. Based on ADMET properties analysis and binding affinities of all the studied phytochemicals originated molecules Panduratin A, Nicolaioidesin C, Guttiferone A, Garciniaphenone, shows drugability. The AutoDock automated docking tools were used for molecular docking analysis and predicting the optimal protein-ligand interactions between the cathepsin B and Panduratin A, Nicolaioidesin C, Guttiferone A, Garciniaphenone.
Insilico analysis of Cathepsin B (329 amino acids) shows that it is quite stable protein with Aliphatic index 65.84 and composed of helix is 15.81%, strand 17.02% and other part is 67.17%. The molecular docking analysis results revealed that amongst the studies ligands Panduratin A and Nicolaioidesin C, shows the similar affinity towards protein i.e. (-7.5 Kcl/mol) with formation of 2 and 3 hydrogen bond interactions respectively, While Guttiferone A (-7.4 Kcl/mol) 4 hydrogen bond interactions and Garciniaphenone (-7.2 Kcl/mol) 3 hydrogen bond interactions.
The small molecule as inhibitors and understanding their utility as vaccine candidate against nematodes is recent active area of research. These results indicates that the cathepsin B which is the key contributors to the digestion of host proteins of the Trichinella spiralis parasite may be a good candidate to design the synthetic drug against the nematode infections.
The Investigation of the Mediator Effect of C-peptide in the Relationship Between PC/HDL and MAFLD-a cross-sectional study in adult patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Xing Yuling , Chen Jinhu , Liu Jing , Hou Xiaoyu , Gao Yu , Ma Huijuan
Published: February 2024

Background:
This study aimed to examine the ratio of platelet counts to high-density lipoprotein‐cholesterol ratio (PC/HDL) and its association with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. To figure out the role played by the area under the C-peptide curve (AUCCP) in the influence of PC/HDL on MAFLD.
Methods:
A total of 2687 patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology at Hebei General Hospital between January 2021 and January 2022 were enrolled.Demographic data was collected and all patients went through biochemical indicators and other routine blood examinations.Multivariate logistic regression model was performed to examine the association between PC/HDL, AUCCP and MAFLD with adjustments for confounders.Mediation effects were used to explore whether AUCCP mediated the association between PC/HDL and MAFLD.
Results:
The prevalence of MAFLD was 38.0% (n = 2687).The MAFLD group had a higher level of PC/HDL than the non-MAFLD group.After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that PC/HDL was a risk factor for MAFLD.Mediational analysis showed that effect of PC/HDL on MAFLD was mediated by AUCCP.Subgroup analysis and interaction analysis suggested that the positive correlation between PC/HDL and the prevalence of MAFLD was more significant in women with T2DM, while the interaction was not significant in other subgroups.
Conclusion:
PC/HDL was positively associated with MAFLD incidence, and AUCCP partly mediated the association in T2DM patients. Moreover, the correlation between PC/HDL and MAFLD was more significant in women.
Optimal Active State-of-Charge Balancing with Temperature Control for Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Considering the Aging Effect
Authors: Van Chi Nguyen , Quang Duy Ta
Published: February 2024

This article presents an active State-of-Charge (SoC) balancing control method that considers the aging effect on the Lithium-Ion battery cells in a series connection implemented by a bidirectional CuK converter circuit. The purpose of balancing the SoC process for cells in the series ensures that, in all operating conditions, the current and temperature of the cells do not exceed the technical limits corresponding to the degree of aging of the cells. The nonlinear optimal control problem is established based on constraints on the balancing current, temperature, and the effect of cell aging in the dynamic model of the SoC balancing system. The sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method is used to solve the optimization problem at sampling time to determine the optimal duty cycle of the pulse width modulation (PWM) pulse to be applied to the balancing circuits. The SoC balancing results for cells are compared between the case where all cells in the series are new and the case where cells in the series have different levels of aging, showing differences in the control of balancing current and cell temperature in the SoC balancing process. The application of the optimal active SoC balancing method for cells in the series proposed in this article allows the cells in the series to operate safely, extend the life of the battery cells, reduce costs for energy storage applications aimed at popularizing the use of renewable energy sources and promoting the development of the electric vehicle industry, accelerating the implementation of global carbon reduction and environmental protection.
Berndt-Type Integrals of Order Three and Series Associated with Jacobi Elliptic Functions
Authors: Rui Hongyuan , Xu Ce , Zhao Jianqiang
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we first establish explicit evaluations of six classes of hyperbolic sums by special values of the Gamma function by using the tools of the Fourier series expansions and the Maclaurin series expansions of a few Jacobi elliptic functions developed in our previous paper. Then, using the method of contour integrations involving hyperbolic and trigonometric functions, we establish explicit evaluations of two families of Berndt-type integrals of order three by special values of the Gamma function. Furthermore, we present some interesting consequences and illustrative examples.
AMS Subject Classifications (2020): 05A30, 32A27, 42A16, 33E05, 11B68.
Bidirectional causal relationships between IgA nephropathy and COVID-19: genetic evidence from Mendelian randomization
Authors: Gao Zhao-Xing , Hu Xiao , Zhao Yan , Zhang Peng , Ge Man , Xu Yi-Qing , He Tian , Wang Peng , Wang De-Guang , Pan Hai-Feng
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Previous studies have suggested that patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was associated with an increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, the findings were inconsistent, and whether there was a causality between IgAN and COVID-19 infection remains unknown. This study was performed to estimate the casual effect between IgAN and COVID-19 infection with the implementation of bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
Genetic summary data of IgAN was derived from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) that consisted of 14,361 cases and 43,923 controls. The genetic data of COVID-19 comprised of three phenotypes, including hospitalization, severity and infection, which had a population more than 20 million. The methods of inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weight median and weighted mode were applied for causal inference in MR analysis.
Results
In the forward direction, the IVW’s results proved that IgAN did not have causal relationships with hospitalization COVID-19 (OR = 1.077, 95%CI: 0.953–1.217, P = 0.236), severe COVID-19 (OR = 1.059, 95%CI: 0.878–1.278, P = 0.547) and COVID-19 infection (OR = 0.973, 95%CI: 0.929–1.109, P = 0.243). Furthermore, reverse MR analysis showed no evidence of causal associations of hospitalization COVID-19 (OR = 1.017, 95%CI: 0.968–1.069, P = 0.499), severe COVID-19 (OR = 1.005, 95%CI: 0.979–1.078, P = 0.781) and COVID-19 infection (OR = 1.030, 95%CI: 0.909–1.169, P = 0.641) with the risk of IgAN.
Conclusion
Our study does not support a casual association of IgAN with the risk of COVID-19 infection, nor does the causality between COVID-19 infection and IgAN risk.
Influences of the vibration frequency and phase of the core of ultra-high voltage shunt reactors on suspended discharge in oil-paper insulation
Authors: yu hua , liu hong , li shuai , liang jizhong , niu shu
Published: February 2024

Severe vibration of the core of ultra-high voltage (UHV) shunt reactors under the operating conditions often leads to the occurrence of suspension electrode, and such a suspended discharge defect will destroy the oil-paper insulation. It is necessary to investigate the influence of vibration on suspended discharge when determining the best operating condition of UHV shunt reactors. The vibration frequency of the suspension electrode and the phase difference between the applied voltage and the vibration are studied by simulation and experiment. The simulation results show that the phase difference between the voltage and the vibration parameters will result in the increase of the surface maximum field strength. The distortion of the field intensity caused by several typical vibration frequencies of reactor vibration is ranked (in ascending order) thus: 100 Hz, 300 Hz, 50 Hz, and 200 Hz. There is a coupling relationship between the phase difference and the vibration frequency on the suspended discharge, which will lead to an inconsistency between the field intensity and each single factor. The partial discharge test results of the collision between the suspension electrode and the high-voltage electrode show that the discharge generated by vibration at 100 Hz is much higher than that at other frequencies, followed by those at 300 Hz and 50 Hz, and the discharge generated by vibration at 200 Hz is very small. When the phase difference of voltage advance vibration is between 0 and 90°, the quantity of local discharge is large. When the phase difference is between 90° and 180°, the local discharge is small.
Elliptic Intuitionistic Fuzzy Aggregation Operators and Their Applications in MCDM
Authors: Roopadevi P. , Karpagadevi M. , Arifmohammed K. M. , Krishnaprakash S. , Said Broumi
Published: February 2024

This article introduces definitions for elliptical intuitionistic fuzzy operators, specifically fo-cusing on the weighted additive aggregation operator and the weighted geometric aggregation operator. Ellipses, characterized by major and minor axes, exhibit adaptability to elongated or asymmetrical point distributions, demonstrating versatility across diverse orientations and aspect ratios. Their flexibility extends to accommodating non-uniform point distributions and varied geometric relationships, making ellipses well-suited for addressing diverse spatial patterns. These operators find application in Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), facilitating the ranking of alternatives based on their proximity to the ideal option. The selection of optimal alternative(s) is determined through this ranking process, exemplified by a numerical case study showcasing the practical effectiveness of the proposed approach in decision-making scenarios.
Association of serum sclerostin levels with marrow adiposity in postmenopausal women with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Wei , Zhang Minlan , Chen Qi , Li Fengyi , Li Shaojun
Published: February 2024

Background: Glucocorticoids and sclerostin act as inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby hindering bone formation. Given the pathway's intricate association with mesenchymal stem cells, the hypothesis suggests that heightened sclerostin levels may be intricately linked to an augmentation in marrow adiposity induced by glucocorticoids. This study endeavored to delve into the nuanced relationship between circulating sclerostin and bone marrow adipose tissue in postmenopausal women grappling with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO).
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 103 patients with autoimmune-associated diseases underwent glucocorticoid treatment, boasting an average age of 61.3 years (standard deviation 7.1 years). The investigation encompassed a thorough assessment, incorporating medical history, anthropometric data, biochemical analysis, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of lumbar and femoral bone mineral density (BMD). Osteoporosis criteria were established at a T-score of -2.5 or lower. Additionally, MR spectroscopy quantified the vertebral marrow fat fraction.
Results: BMD at the femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine showcased an inverse correlation with marrow fat fraction (r = –0.511 to – 0.647, P< 0.001). Serum sclerostin levels exhibited a positive correlation with BMD at various skeletal sites (r = 0.476 to 0.589, P < 0.001). A noteworthy correlation emerged between circulating sclerostin and marrow fat fraction at the lumbar spine (r = –0.731, 95% CI, –0.810 to –0.627, P< 0.001). Multivariate analysis brought to light that vertebral marrow fat fraction significantly contributed to sclerostin serum concentrations (standardized regression coefficient ß = 0.462, P < 0.001). Even after adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, renal function, BMD, and the duration and doses of glucocorticoid treatment, serum sclerostin levels maintained a significant correlation with marrow fat fraction.
Conclusions: Circulating sclerostin levels exhibited a noteworthy association with marrow adiposity in postmenopausal women grappling with GIO.
Genome-wide DNA methylation status is a predictor of the efficacy of anti-EGFR antibodies in the second-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: Translational research of the EPIC trial
Authors: Ouchi Kota , Takahashi Shin , Sasaki Keiju , Yoshida Yuya , Taniguchi Sakura , Kasahara Yuki , Komine Keigo , Imai Hiroo , Saijo Ken , Shirota Hidekazu , Takahashi Masanobu , Ishioka Chikashi
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
The genome-wide DNA methylation status (GWMS) is a predictor of therapeutic response to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies. We verified the significance of GWMS as a predictive factor for the efficacy of anti-EGFR antibodies in the second-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods:
Clinical data were obtained from a prospective trial database, and a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed. GWMS was classified into high-methylated colorectal cancer (HMCC) and low-methylated colorectal cancer (LMCC). The patients were divided into subgroups according to the treatment arm (cetuximab plus irinotecan or irinotecan alone) and GWMS, and the clinical outcomes were compared between the subgroups.
Results:
Of the 112 patients, 58 (51.8%) were in the cetuximab plus irinotecan arm, and 54 (48.2%) were in the irinotecan arm; 47 (42.0%) were in the HMCC, and 65 (58.0%) were in the LMCC group regarding GWMS. Compared with the LMCC group, the progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly shortened in the HMCC group in the cetuximab plus irinotecan arm (median 1.4 vs. 4.1 months, p = 0.001, hazard ratio = 2.56), whereas no significant differences were observed in the irinotecan arm. A multivariate analysis showed that GWMS was an independent predictor of PFS and overall survival (OS) in the cetuximab plus irinotecan arm (p = 0.002, p = 0.005, respectively), whereas GWMS did not contribute to either PFS or OS in the irinotecan arm.
Conclusions:
GWMS was a predictive factor for the efficacy of anti-EGFR antibodies in the second-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
Impact of strontium, magnesium, and zinc ions on the in vitro osteogenesis of maxillary sinus membrane stem cells
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Gong Ning , Wang Ying , Xu Lei , Zhao Sinan , Liu Yanshan , Tan Fei
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Human Maxillary Sinus Membrane Stem Cells (hMSMSCs) contribute significantly to bone formation following maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA). The biological behavior of mesenchymal stem cells is notably influenced by varying concentrations of magnesium (Mg2+), strontium (Sr2+), and zinc (Zn2+) ions; however, their specific effects on hMSMSCs have not been comprehensively studied.
Methods
We isolated hMSMSCs and identified their mesenchymal stem cell characteristics by flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation experiments. Subsequently, the hMSMSCs were cultured in media containing different concentrations of these metal ions. The proliferation and viability of hMSMSCs were assessed using CCK-8 and Calcein AM/PI staining. After osteogenic induction, cells were evaluated for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, ALP staining, and Alizarin Red staining. Additionally, qRT-PCR was used to detect differences in osteogenic gene expression, and immunofluorescence staining was used to observe variations in OCN protein levels.
Results
The results indicated that 1mM Mg2+, 0.01mM Sr2+, and 0.001mM Zn2+ significantly improved the proliferation and activity of hMSMSCs. These concentrations also notably enhanced ALP secretion, increased bone-related gene expression, and augmented osteocalcin expression and formation of extracellular calcium nodules, thereby improving osteogenic differentiation. However, higher concentrations of Mg2+, Sr2+, and Zn2+ decreased cell viability and osteogenic differentiation.
Conclusions
Mg2+, Sr2+, and Zn2+ promote osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of hMSMSCs in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that the type and concentration of ions in the extracellular environment can significantly alter hMSMSCs behavior, which is a crucial consideration for material design in maxillary sinus elevation applications.
Clinical Relevance:
Our findings demonstrate that Mg2+, Sr2+, and Zn2+ enhance osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of hMSMSCs, offering a strategic approach to improve bone regeneration in maxillary sinus elevation procedures.
Vehicle Re-identification with a Pose-aware Discriminative Part Learning Model
Authors: Sun Ya , Lu Jianfeng , Li Minxian , Ren Gang , Ma Jingfeng
Published: February 2024

Vehicle re-identification (re-ID) aims to identify all instances of a specific vehicle in a large-scale database. Existing re-ID models mostly consider images as a whole entity for feature representation learning. However, features learned from global appearance may lose their discriminative abilities for local details, due to similarities in vehicle model or color. To address this issue, we propose a novel Pose-aware Discriminative Part deep Model (PDPM) to learn discriminative feature representation for vehicle re-ID. This PDPM can learn both global and local part features simultaneously, thereby increasing robustness for differing views and imaging conditions. We also introduce a novel pose-aware discriminative part proposal technique, which considers vehicles to be a type of rigid body and can identify distinctive local parts by assessing fine-grain differences among vehicles in similar poses. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed PDPM in comparison with state-of-the-art methods applied to VehicleID and VeRi-776, two large-scale vehicle re-ID benchmark datasets.
Clinicopathological and etiological characteristics for urinary tract infections in cervical cancer patients with radical surgery with ureteral stents indwelling
Authors: Jin Chengwen , Xue Yingfeng , Bu Hualei , Xiang Jiangdong , Wu Sufang , Jin Chengjuan
Published: February 2024

Background: To investigate the clinicopathological and etiological characteristics for urinary tract infections in cervical cancer radical surgery with indwelling ureteral stents.
Methods: A total of 24 patients received cervical cancer radical surgery and retained ureteral stents in Shanghai General Hospital from July 2018 to December 2022 were recruited, the medical data were retrospectively collected and analyzed.
Results: Total 15 patients complicated with urinary tract infections, with the infection rate reaching up to 62.5%. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy might be the risk factor for urinary tract infections, although with no significant statistic difference (P = 0.074). A total of 30 strains of pathogens were isolated, with Escherichia coli ranking the most common pathogen. Two strains of CRE were identified. 70.83% patients were inserted ureteral stents for 3 to 12 months. With the placement time of ureteral stents exceeding 2 months, antibiotics sensitivity against the same pathogen decreased. Fungi infection occurred more frequently when placement time of ureteral stents reaching more than 4 months.
Conclusions: Ureteral tract infections were extremely high in LACC with radical surgery with ureteral stents insertion. The Escherichia coli are relatively resistant to Penicillins and Cephalosporins. With the prolongation of ureteral stents placement, antibiotics sensitivity targeting the same pathogen decreased and the pathogenic microbes changed from bacteria into fungi. This study could provide basis for determining appropriate time to remove or replace ureteral stents and selecting effective antibiotics for urinary tract infections during ureteral stents indwelling, to prevent severe infections and reduce disease burden.
The domains where Smale's mean value problem does not hold
Authors: Ma Lande , Ma Zhaokun
Published: February 2024

Smale's mean value problem asks whether there exists a critical point of a given complex polynomial $f(s)$ such that a certain inequality involving the derivative of $f(s)$ is satisfied. In this paper, by the root locus method, we give the adjacent domains for which Smale's mean value problem does not hold.
Mathematics Subject Classi cation: Primary 30C15 Secondary 30C10 , 26C10 , 93C05
Associations between Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Hepatitis B Virus Infection and HBV Infection among Blood Donors in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohamud Abdirahman Khalif , Inchon Pamornsri , Suwannaporn Sirinan , Prasert Kriengkrai
Published: February 2024

Background
Globally, more than 81 million blood units are donated annually, and blood transfusion stands as a crucial medical procedure with no viable substitute. Unsafe blood transfusion contributes to 8 to 16 million new hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Somalia faces a high demand for blood transfusions with a prevalent HBV infection rate, driven by various factors, yet no similar previous study exists. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of blood donors concerning HBV infection and their infection status in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in data collection between February and April 2023, using a 5ml blood sample and a well-structured questionnaire. A rapid test was utilized to indicate HBV positivity. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were employed to determine the associations, considering at α = 0.050 as statistically significant.
Results
Out of the 420 blood donors who participated in this study, 34 (8.1%) tested positive for HBV infection. The majority of the participants (94.2%) were males with an average age of 30.4 (SD ± 7.2). In multivariable logistic regression, the study revealed that blood donors with poor knowledge (AOR = 5.80, 95% CI = 1.69–19.89), those with moderate knowledge (AOR = 4.41, 95% CI = 1.09–17.90), and those with poor practices (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI = 1.09–11.34) toward HBV infection were more likely to become infected compared to their counterparts.
Conclusion
Blood donors in Mogadishu, Somalia, face a high burden of HBV infection. To effectively address this issue and ensure a safer blood supply, prioritizing initiatives aimed at enhancing the knowledge of blood donors regarding HBV infection is crucial. This involves educating donors about the various modes of transmission, emphasizing preventive measures, and stressing the importance of regular screenings. Additionally, encouraging better practices related to HBV infection among blood donors is essential in this endeavor.
The Effects of School Groupings on Student Performance in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education Exam: A Classification Tree Approach
Authors: Ouma Christine
Published: February 2024

This exploratory study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the academic performance of secondary school students in Kenya. The 2011 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) performance data from 26,067 female and 41,261 male students from 1,162 secondary schools in the Nyanza Region were analyzed. Academic performance was assessed based on whether students achieved a minimum grade (C+) for university admission. Using a data mining technique called Classification Tree (CRT), the study explored the influence of school groupings and gender on student performance. The results showed that school residential status (normalized importance = 100%) was the most important predictor, followed by school type (normalized importance = 95%), school size (normalized importance = 93%), and school designation (normalized importance = 84%). Gender (normalized importance = 2%) of the student had no effect on student performance. The final CRT accurately classified 93.7% of the students below the C + grade threshold and 41.2% of the students at or above the C + grade, yielding an overall classification accuracy of 76.7%. These findings provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers aiming to enhance educational outcomes in secondary schools.
Education Development in Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama from Time to Time
Authors: Husna Lathifah Irsyadiyah , Ichsan Yazida , Amadea Neysa Salsabila Felasufa , Yusro Wardi
Published: February 2024

Islamic education in Indonesia has developed from time to time as well as the the development of Muhammadiyah and Nahdhatul Ulama (NU). This article aims to explore the history of the education development of Muhammadiyah and NU from time to time, referring to the historical literature sources using library research methods. The analysis results demonstrate that Muhammadiyah started its movement by focusing on tajdid, or Islamic renewal. In the 19th century, Ahmad Dahlan founded a secondary educational institution, the Muhammadiyah boarding school, to provide religious and other general knowledge. Afterward, when the dualism of the Islamic education system occurred in the 20th century, Muhammadiyah attempted to integrate the secular knowledge brought by the Dutch with religious knowledge. Furthermore, Nahdhatul Ulama, which took part in education, especially Islamic boarding schools, also confirmed that its focus is to educate human resources by aiding the establishment of Islamic boarding schools.
Learning Mathematical Logic and Sets Using E-Learning
Authors: Fahmi Syariful , Priwantoro Soffi Widyanesti
Published: February 2024

Video is a learning medium that is simple to integrate into a variety of activities, both online and offline. As a result, video development, including studying mathematical logic and set material, is essential. This research aims to develop project-based educational videos on mathematical logic and mathematics material. This research is development research using the Richey Klein (DPE) development model. There are three stages of development: design, production, and evaluation. This educational video was implemented on 25 students in the third semester of the Mathematics Education Study Program (FKIP UAD). The results of the material expert assessment showed a score of 4.23 (good category) and the media expert assessment scored 4.55 (very good category). Besides that, the student’s response during implementation got a score of 3.9 (good category).
Poliomyelitis and COVID-19: a repeated history
Authors: Anda Baicus
Published: February 2024

The measurement of the enterovirus and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in sewage water is relevant in the early detection of the introduction or disappearance of these viruses in the ecosystem. We evaluated the co-circulation of the enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in 81 sewage water samples collected between September 2021 and April 2023 from different regions of north and southeast Romania, at the border with Ukraine. We used, for the molecular detection of the pathogens, the multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay produced for respiratory samples and the Respiratory 2.1 Plus panel Biofire Film array. The isolation of enteroviruses was performed on cell culture lines, in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. By molecular investigations, we detected the SARS-CoV-2 in 22 (27%) samples, and the human rhinovirus/enterovirus in 64 (79%) samples. By isolation on cell culture lines, 27 samples (33,33%) were positive for non-polio enteroviruses, and no poliovirus strains were isolated, proving the maintenance of the polio-free status in Romania. In an emergency situation, the molecular detection of the pathogens in sewage water using a PCR system integrating sample preparation, amplification, detection, and analysis in 1 h could be implemented.
Spatio-temporal evaluation of the impact of anthropogenic stressors on physico-chemical characteristics and water quality of the River Ganga using GIS-based approach in the middle Gangetic Plains at Patna, Bihar, India
Authors: Zafar Mohammad Masroor , Kumari Anupma
Published: February 2024

The present study aimed to assess the impact of anthropogenic stressors on the physico-chemical characteristics and water quality of the River Ganga employing a GIS-based approach in the middle Gangetic Plain at Patna, India. After the survey, sand mining, bridge construction, and disposal of untreated domestic and sewage wastes were selected as major anthropogenic stressors. A total of 48 samples were collected in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of 2022 and were analyzed for 16 physico-chemical parameters, namely water temperature (WT), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness (TH), Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl- and SO42− ions, following standard protocols. The WQI was calculated using the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAQWI) method and spatial maps were created using ArcGIS software. The result revealed significant seasonal variation in several physico- chemical parameters except for Ca2+, K+ and TA (p > 0.05). ANOVA revealed significant variation for BOD and COD at Ghagha and Triveni, whereas for nitrate at Gai Ghat reference and impact sites, respectively. The Water Quality Index (WQI) revealed a deterioration in water quality by 60% in post-monsoon season. HCA revealed that the WQI was mostly governed by TDS, TH, TA, and EC.
Insights into the Emerging Therapeutic Targets of Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Varshini Magham Sai , Krishnamurthy Praveen Thaggikuppe , Reddy Ramakamma Aishwarya , Wadhwani Ashish , Chandrashekar V.M.
Published: February 2024

:

Triple-negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive breast cancer subtype, is
characterized by the non-appearance of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and
human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Clinically, TNBC is marked by its low survival
rate, poor therapeutic outcomes, high aggressiveness, and lack of targeted therapies. Over the
past few decades, many clinical trials have been ongoing for targeted therapies in TNBC. Although
some classes, such as Poly (ADP Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and immunotherapies,
have shown positive therapeutic outcomes, however, clinical effects are not much satisfiable.
Moreover, the development of drug resistance is the major pattern observed in many targeted
monotherapies. The heterogeneity of TNBC might be the cause for limited clinical benefits.
Hence,, there is a need for the potential identification of new therapeutic targets to address the
above limitations. In this context, some novel targets that can address the above-mentioned concerns
are emerging in the era of TNBC therapy, which include Hypoxia Inducible Factor
(HIF-1α), Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), β-Adrenergic
Receptor (β-AR), Voltage Gated Sodium Channels (VGSCs), and Cell Cycle Regulators. Currently,
we summarize the ongoing clinical trials and discuss the novel therapeutic targets in the management
of TNBC.
Recent Trends in Nanomaterial Based Electrochemical Sensors for Drug
Detection: Considering Green Assessment
Authors: Ozer Tugba , Henry Charles S.
Published: February 2024

An individual’s therapeutic drug exposure level is directly linked to corresponding clinical
effects. Rapid, sensitive, inexpensive, portable and reliable devices are needed for diagnosis related
to drug exposure, treatment, and prognosis of diseases. Electrochemical sensors are useful
for drug monitoring due to their high sensitivity and fast response time. Also, they can be combined
with portable signal read-out devices for point-of-care applications. In recent years, nanomaterials
such as carbon-based, carbon-metal nanocomposites, noble nanomaterials have been widely
used to modify electrode surfaces due to their outstanding features including catalytic abilities,
conductivity, chemical stability, biocompatibility for development of electrochemical sensors.
This review paper presents the most recent advances about nanomaterials-based electrochemical
sensors including the use of green assessment approach for detection of drugs including anticancer,
antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotics covering the period from 2019 to 2023. The
sensor characteristics such as analyte interactions, fabrication, sensitivity, and selectivity are also
discussed. In addition, the current challenges and potential future directions of the field are highlighted.
Rapid Quantitation of Non-chromophoric Vigabatrin and Gabapentin by
a Validated qNMR Method in Bulk Drug and Marketed Formulations
Authors: Bedage Pooja , Sahu Archana , Singh Inder Pal
Published: February 2024

Background:

Vigabatrin and gabapentin, commonly used antiepileptic drugs in clinics,
lack a UV active chromophore and, therefore, require cumbersome derivatization methods for analysis
by HPLC using fluorescence detection. This study demonstrated the use of NMR for their
quantitative determination in pure form and their pharmaceutical formulations.

Objective:

To develop a validated qNMR method for non-chromophoric drugs Vigabatrin and
Gabapentin.

Methods:

The signal of methine proton of vigabatrin at 3.67 ppm relative to the signal of maleic acid
at 6.17 ppm and the methylene signal of gabapentin at 2.88 ppm relative to the signal of caffeine
at 7.75 ppm was used for qNMR. The developed method was validated with respect to linearity,
limits of detection and quantitation, accuracy, precision, specificity and solution state stability.

Results:

Linearity range and r2 were found to be from 2.66 to 42.11 mg/mL and 0.9999. The limit
of detection and quantification were 0.0129 mg/mL and 0.0391 mg/mL, respectively, for vigabatrin.
This method was found to be linear (0.9998) and specific within the gabapentin concentration
range from 1.07 to 34.24 mg/mL of D2O. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.0248
mg/mL and 0.0751 mg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion:

Both methods were highly precise, with a calculated RSD of 0.60% and 0.76%, respectively.
The robustness of the methods was revealed by changing pre and post-processing NMR
parameters. The developed methods provide a simple and straight approach for the absolute determination
of gabapentin and vigabatrin in bulk drugs and their marketed formulations without any
pre-procedures.
Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Antigen B Purified from
Sheep Hydatid Cyst Fluid (HCF) with Commercial ELISA Kit
Authors: Darzi Fatemeh Abdollahpour , Asgarian-Omran Hossein , Sarvi Shahabeddin , Valadan Reza , Hataminejad Maryam , Mayahi Sabah , Shariatzadeh Seyyed Ali , Abbasi Toktam , Galeh Tahereh Mikaeili , Fakhar Mahdi , Harandi Majid Fassihi , Gholami Shirzad
Published: February 2024

Introduction::

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the
metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus. CE is a health problem in Middle Eastern countries,
such as Iran. The purpose of this study was to purify subunit 8 KDa antigen B from crude sheep
hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) and compare its sensitivity and specificity with a commercial human
ELISA kit (PT-Hydatid-96).

Methods::

28 sera samples were collected from hydatid cyst patients who had surgery for a hydatid
cyst and had their disease confirmed by pathology after the surgery. Furthermore, 35 samples of
healthy individuals with no history of hydatid cysts were collected, as were nine serum samples
from parasite-infected non-CE patients. HCF was obtained from sheep fertile cysts at a Sari
slaughterhouse and used as an antigen. In an indirect ELISA test, the B antigen was employed,
and the results were compared to those from a commercial ELISA kit.

Results::

The results of this study were analyzed using the Kappa test. The commercial ELISA kit
showed 17 cases (23.6%) positive, 44 cases (61.1%) negative, and 11 cases (15.3%) borderline.
B antigen showed that 18 (25%), 43 (59.7 %), and 11 (15.3%) were positive, negative, and borderline,
respectively. One sample (1.4% of 72 total samples) of 35 serum samples from healthy
individuals was positive using B antigen-based ELISA. In addition, all nine serum samples from
parasite-infected non-CE patients were negative for both tests. The sensitivity and specificity of
the commercial ELISA kit have been evaluated at 60.7% and 100%, respectively. For B antigenbased
ELISA, these values are 64.3 and 97.7%, respectively.

Conclusion::

Antigen B produced from hydatid cyst fluid is a promising option for serological
identification of hydatid cysts in both infected and healthy individuals. In an indirect ELISA test,
hydatid fluid antigen could be used as a precise source of detection.
Recent Advances in Organocatalytic Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of
Substituted Pyrrolidines
Authors: Bhat Aeyaz Ahmad
Published: February 2024

The emergence of enantioselective organocatalysis as a potent synthetic chemistry strate-gy that supports metal-catalyzed transformations has resulted in the creation of novel procedures for the synthesis of various chiral molecules. Organocatalysis is a desirable method for creating com-plex molecular structures due to its many benefits, including its ease of use, wide availability of cat-alysts and low toxicity. Chemists are actively exploring synthetic methodologies and looking into the applications of pyrrolidine-based organocatalysts. The application of organocatalysts spans a wide range of reaction types, highlighting their ability to participate in a variety of catalytic process-es. The current study offers a succinct summary of the principal strategic methods for producing pyrrolidine-based organocatalysts and demonstrating their usefulness in organic transformations.
Technical Considerations, Applications, and Benefits of Organogels in
Topical Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Yadav Abhishek , Jhawat Vikas , Singh Rahul Pratap , Chauhan Sunita , Dutt Rohit , Goyal Rajesh , Singh Deependra
Published: February 2024

Organogels represent semi-solid systems where an organic liquid phase is entrapped
within a three-dimensional network formed by self-assembled, crosslinked, or entangled gelator fibers.
These versatile materials find applications in a wide range of fields, including chemistry,
pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biotechnology, and food technology. Notably, in pharmacology, they
serve as valuable platforms for drug and vaccine delivery, facilitating the transport of active ingredients
through various routes such as transdermal, oral, and parenteral. However, their previous utility
as drug delivery systems was hindered by the toxicity associated with the organic solvents used.
The pharmacokinetics of medications delivered via organogels are primarily influenced by the distinctive
properties of these materials, specifically their "high permeability and poor aqueous solubility,"
which can impact the bioavailability of the drugs. Organogels can be employed topically or for
the controlled release of medications through cutaneous administration and percutaneous absorption,
expanding their scope of application beyond conventional drug delivery methods. Organogels
hold significant promise as drug delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility, non-irritating properties,
and thermoremanent characteristics. They enable the formulation of diverse drug delivery
systems by incorporating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic bioactive compounds within the gel
matrix. This comprehensive review offers an overview of organogels, encompassing their nature,
synthesis, characterization, and properties. Special attention is directed towards cutting-edge technologies
employed in designing organogels as potential controlled delivery systems, with a focus on
their emerging therapeutic applications.
Promising Pharmaceutical Compounds of Marine Shellfish: Their Chemistry and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Ramesh Santhanam , Santhanam Ramasamy , Sankar Veintramuthu
Published: February 2024

This chapter deals with the promising bioactive compounds of marine
shellfish viz. crustaceans, molluscs, and echinoderms. Among the marine crustaceans,
the extracts of shrimps and crabs containing astaxanthin showed major bioactivities.
On the other hand, among molluscs, gastropods possessed the maximum number of
secondary metabolites and associated bioactivities compared to the bivalves and
cephalopods. Further, among echinoderms, the asteroids and holothurians showed
maximum number of secondary metabolites compared to their counterparts viz.
echinoids and crinoids.
Marine Biopharmaceutical Compounds against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ramesh Santhanam , Santhanam Ramasamy , Sankar Veintramuthu
Published: February 2024

This chapter deals with the marine biopharmaceutical compounds acting
against SARS-CoV-2. The promising compounds derived for anti-coronal activity were
from marine plants such as cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), green algae, brown algae,
and red algae. Among marine invertebrates, only sponges and soft corals contributed
with their active bioactive compounds. The chemistry and mechanism of action of the
different bioactive compounds have also been dealt with.
“As-If” Personality
Authors: Schwartz Susan
Published: February 2024

The as-if person faces a conundrum whether to hide or expose the truth of who they are. Feelings of loss, limitation and curtailment, alienation, and obsolescence are prevalent yet concealed with glitzy persona/imposter images. Intimacy and being emotionally present are difficult. The as-if person withdraws into phantasy. Those living as-if are estranged from their true selves at the cost of their desire. The relationship to life outwardly appears as-if it was complete yet there is a haunting sense of lack and genuineness. Existence is singular. Very possibly we know these struggles as they are part of us. The subjects include the conundrum is the confusion of oneself, cultural influence of social media, the role of the father, transferences and body image. The recognition of the unconscious, a hallmark of Jungian analytical psychology is based on the incorporation of the dissociated personality parts into the self, reflecting the multiplicity of the psyche.
XXII Asamblea general de miembros activos Corpoica :informe anual 2012
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, Bogotá (Colombia)
Published: February 2024

El propósito del Gobierno Nacional de fortalecer el crecimiento del sector agropecuario colombiano mediante un decidido apoyo a la innovación sectorial, es la base para la tarea encomendada a Corpoica de ser el Motor y el Soporte Técnico del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroindustrial (SNCTA). En cumplimiento de esta tarea, la construcción social de la Agenda Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación del sector agropecuario, la construcción de la línea de base de la investigación, el desarrollo de estrategias de reducción de brechas tecnológicas mediante mejor información sobre oferta tecnológica y una mayor vinculación de todos los actores que integran el Sistema, incluyendo los asistentes técnicos, son procesos que ha venido acompañando Corpoica, a través de la ejecución de convenios de inversión suscritos con el Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural - MADR, desde el 2011.
Lineamientos técnicos para el cultivo del tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) bajo invernadero en condiciones de la sabana de Bogotá.
Authors: Arce Blanca
Published: February 2024

El tomillo ha sido muy apreciado como hierba condimentaría, para dar sabor y preservar carnes, salsas y verduras En la actualidad se hace uso del tomillo en la industria cosmética y su cultivo se ha tornado interesante en el mercado de plantas aromáticas del país