bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significant directions of digitalization of the Khabarovsk Territory economy in the implementation of the national program “Digital Economy”
Authors: Piunko Luyciena , Tolkacheva Elena
Published: December 2021

The research is devoted to the modern development of digital transformation in the Russian economy, including in the Khabarovsk Territory; the difficulties of implementing the directions of the “Digital Economy”. In this study, an attempt is made to compare the strategic goals of the development of the “Digital Economy”, modern processes of digital transformation and such an important component of it as "Integration 4.0" related to the “industrial Internet”, digital production, intelligent components, including the collection of large amounts of data, cyberphysical systems, remote monitoring and maintenance. “Industry 4.0” accelerates production processes, increases its efficiency and the quality of manufactured goods, reduces the cost of delivery, tracks production chains, etc. Currently, the industry of Western countries uses Industry 4.0 standards at the production management level. In developed countries, such as Germany, South Korea, etc., they realize the importance of automation and computerization, which became the main tool of the third industrial revolution, and its tools for the transition to “Industry 4.0”. International standards are developed for industries that use computer algorithms to monitor and control physical things, such as equipment, robots and vehicles. Standards that work on the basis of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and cyber—physical systems — intelligent autonomous systems that define all components of the supply chain, transforming production processes into “smart” - from smart manufacturing and factories to smart warehouses and logistics. And, the same systems are associated with the previous stage of industrial production, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP). All this ensures a high level of transparency and control over the activities of the organization. At the present stage, there are excellent opportunities for the development of Industry 4.0 in Russia, but there are also difficulties, overcoming which are significant directions of the digitalization processes of the modern economy. The authors devoted their research to the analysis of such difficulties.
D-Cycle as a core element of a digital transformation framework
Authors: Popov Evgeny , Simonova Victoria , Cherepanov Vitalii
Published: December 2021

A digital transformation process as an emerging management practice requires a clear, well-described and detailed toolset, that will be handful and easy to apply in practical everyday tasks in a digital transformation change process. In this research, the essential tool of a digital transformation process created by authors is described. Created by research’s authors as D-Cycle, this tool allows to run a digital transformation of organisation, process, or it’s segment from any transforming object’s digital maturity level. D-Cycle will be useful as a key digital transformation tool in digital transformation programmes and day-to-day digital managers’ activities. This tool is also suitable for creating more complicated digital transformation frameworks, those suit for tasks of large enterprises or massive social institutes. D-Cycle does not focus on any certain industry or social field, hence it’s rather universal for solving digital transformation problems. Its practical concise content allows it to be used almost without any special competencies in digital transformation and makes it ready to be applied widely.
Data protection policy as one of the mechanisms for improving corporate compliance control (based on European, Russian and Armenian legislative systems)
Authors: Danielyan Tamara , Sibagatullina Renata
Published: December 2021

The aim of the research is to study data protection policies in developed countries and compare the same policies existing in the legal systems of developing countries. In this article, we review GDPR as a best practice for regulatory and corporate compliance. As an object, the law on personal data existing in Russia and Armenia legal system was analyzed and compared with the GDPR in the European Union. Benchmarking as a research method is used in the scientific work. Having researched the article, we can conclude that implementing and complying with a data protection policy based on GDPR contributes to regulation of two issues: developing a sustainable business and improving the data security of customers and employees.
Migration as a factor in formation of the demographic potential of rural areas of the central black earth region
Authors: Reutov Evgeny , Zakharov Viktor , Khripkova Dianna
Published: December 2021

The article studies migration as one of the factors in the formation of the demographic potential of rural areas. The purpose of the article is to identify key trends in migration processes occurring in rural areas of the regions of the Central Black Earth Economic Region, and to determine their impact on the demographic potential of rural areas. The empirical basis of the article was statistical data characterizing the migration movement of the population of rural areas of five regions of the Central Black Earth Economic Region, as well as the results of a series of semiformalized interviews (September-October 2019, N = 50 respondents) conducted as part of the research project “Mental Inequalities as a Factor of Social Polarization of the Russian Province”. The analysis of statistical data made it possible to conclude that the migration attractiveness of rural areas in most regions of the Central Black Earth Region is quite high. However, optimism about the migration attractiveness of rural areas of the Central Black Earth Region and the positive role of migration processes in the formation and implementation of the demographic potential of rural areas is premature. First, the migration inflow to rural areas of the central black earth regions is quite differentiated. There are leading regions and outsiders. Second, the gender imbalance of the migration process indicates the predominance of the “non-family” nature of migration, which means that it has an unstable impact on the demographic potential of rural areas. Third, it can be assumed that even in the case of a positive balance of migration, the human potential of the rural areas of the regions of the Central Black Earth Region may deteriorate. Currently, the migration inflow has a pronounced gender imbalance and does not compensate for the natural decline in the population. Rural areas are mainly viewed by their inhabitants as less advantageous in terms of achieving success in life, the direct and indirect effects of which is the deterioration of the quality of the human potential of rural areas. In the best case, migration processes at the moment make it possible to reduce the intensity of the devaluation of the demographic potential of rural areas, and even then not in all regions of the Central Black Earth Region.
“Ethnic paradox of modernity” and the liberal civil nation in the horizon of globalization: “challenge” and “response”
Authors: Maltsev Konstantin , Alaverdyan Artem , Maltseva Anni
Published: December 2021

The “ethnic paradox of modernity”, the explosive growth of fundamentalist nationalist ideologies and extremist nationalist political movements are increasingly regarded as a challenge to the modern global political order - the need for an adequate “response” to this “challenge” is recognized. The dominant economic paradigm in liberal social science (J. Agamben), which presents the reality of the global order, sets a perspective: the answer must demonstrate loyalty to the foundations of “liberal metaphysics”, and at the same time confirm their validity in the changed constellation of socio-historical circumstances. On the basis of a free public discussion (rational communicative action) and through the available institutions, on the basis of a liberal “value consensus” that is not subject to revision, a constant search for balances (K. Schmitt) regarding the interests through legal political compromises (F.R. Ankersmit) designed to remove the antagonisms of “national conflicts” shall be conducted. Revealing the conditions for the possibility and boundaries of the liberal strategy of removing antagonisms presupposes the interpretation of the concept of a civil nation, the political project of which is seen as a response to the challenge of “nationalist fundamentalism”.
“Russian” scientometrics: national adoption strategies
Authors: Voroshilova Maria , Fomin Anton , Yudina Oksana
Published: December 2021

Scientometrics as an applied discipline is becoming increasingly popular in the field of organization of scientific research and higher education. At the same time, it is increasingly opposed to “real” science, there is always an active dialogue between scientists and managers in order to find a compromise. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to model the cognitive image of scientometrics in the Russian scientific discourse, with the help of which it will be possible to identify cognitive scenario failures and basic mental conflict points. The cognitive method of metaphorical modeling is the main tool of our research. As a result of the conducted research, the high productivity of the morbial metaphor was revealed, which, in turn, allowed to formulate the theory of the boundary state of acceptance of applied scientometrics in the Russian scientific discourse. The theoretical significance of the results obtained consists in the expansion of scientific research in the field of scientometrics in Russia. The practical significance of the results received through our research consists in the possibility of their implementation in the development of scientomentric awareness and improvement of scientometric literacy on various levels.
Methodology and principles of assets allocation
Authors: Osadchii V.V. , Zolkin A.L. , Shevchenko O.P. , Poskryakov I.A. , Zavialova N.F.
Published: December 2021

Every year the number of those wishing to dive in investments is growing at exponential way. In despite of situation in 2020 many people could efficiently use this time, and some of them could even reserve the assets. But now the other challenge is arisen, how should the assets be invested in an effective way using all power of modern financial markets? The slight knowledge intended for experienced people are presented in the most books, articles and manuals. But how the novice investors should manage which do not see the difference between stock and bond, and the “diversification” word ignites panic-driven fear and discourages from development in this area. The material helping every of those wishing to start without fear and doubts the diving in investment from the very beginning is presented in this work. The main classes of assets with which the Wall Street’s financial experts work, principles for assets allocation and methods helping to choose the optimal model for profit-risk calculation are described in this article.
Development of institute of social contracts for investment of intellectual and innovative projects in modern economy
Authors: Karpenko O.A. , Zolkin A.L. , Girshevich O.L. , Buryakov S.A.
Published: December 2021

The problem of providing the low-income families with social contracts is review in this article. Analytics of economic indexes and the comparison with foreign countries’ experience are provided and directions of such contract providing are reviewed. The possibility of social contract providing for development of modern intellectual and innovative business is also mentioned. Social support on the base of social contract was firstly applied in Russia in 2012. The low-income citizen can receive the allowance if he meets successfully the conditions of agreement with social agency: find a work, start the business, pass the advanced courses or other actions on improvement of his conditions. Until 2020, the regions will provide this service voluntary and out of local budget resources. Usual the social workers receive the direct payments for each employed, and he can be resigned from the work if does not meet the requirements. The service is outsourced by non-state providers - non-commercial organizations and private companies - for additional competitiveness.
Investment potential of innovative development of “smart cities” in Russia
Authors: Buletova Natalia , Polozkov Mikhail , Stepanova Ekaterina
Published: December 2021

Russian government actively supports introduction of smart city technologies in large administrative entities in Russia. However, it is necessary to evaluate and maintain investment activity in the national market of innovative products which provides a competitive offer of such technologies to Russian and world consumers. Varying levels of regional social and economic development, different historical and cultural background of consumer behaviour affect not only the innovation in businesses and urban population in matters of purchasing and use of smart city technologies. These factors also determine attractiveness of relevant industries and start-ups, as well as sufficiency of human resources in high R&D intensive industries. The presented research outcomes reveal significant differences in innovative development level of “Smart Cities” in Russia. Russian government finances digitalization and introduction of “Smart City” technologies using public resources. It is concluded in the paper that incoherence in availability of territorial administrative resources among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, different motivational and value orientations of Russian population and civil servants, in particular, traditional for various territories, leads to different results of the implementation and use of such innovations.
Typical demand trends in the youth labor market in the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Polishchuk Elena , Pochupailo Olga
Published: December 2021

Monitoring of the main component of the labor market of the Republic of Crimea – the demand for labor force, taking into account representatives of young people of all age groups was conducted. The possibility of objective needs of employers in young specialists was determined on the basis of a questionnaire survey of heads of organizations (enterprises) in the region, the purpose of which was to identify information about the opinions and expectations of employers regarding the quality of training of young specialists. The structure and volume of the sample were determined as sufficient and representative to assess the situation in the Republic of Crimea as a whole. The questionnaires were processed using a computer program for statistical data processing – SPSS 13.0 for Windows. It was found that in modern conditions there is a significant need for the development of labor potential of young people and its use in the interests of innovative development of the Republic. The basic measures, the implementation of which will stabilize the situation with young personnel for all priority economic activities of the republic, have been proposed.
Educational platforms and ecosystems in digital economy
Authors: Usova Natalia , Loginov Mikhail , Nedorostkova Elvira
Published: December 2021

The article considers digital educational services market development on the basis of digital platforms. Research subject: financial market digitalization. Research purpose: to develop theoretical provisions of digital educational services. Research methods. In the course of the research such methods as analysis, grouping, comparison, and synthesis have been used. Results: 1. A specific approach to the categories of “digital educational platform” and “digital educational ecosystem (ecosystem-based higher education)” is proposed. 2. The classification criteria of digital platforms are systematized on various grounds and the “operation scale” criterion was added to the digital educational platforms classification. 3. The current market state is characterized and the latest innovations in the digital educational services are reviewed. 4. Risks of the platform-based and ecosystem-based higher education models development are revealed. Scientific novelty: the authors’ specific approaches to the categories of “digital educational platform” and “digital educational ecosystem (ecosystem-based higher education)” are proposed, digital platforms classification criteria are systematized on various grounds, and the “functioning scale” criterion was added to the digital educational platforms classification.
Scientific and methodological support of future educators by means of distance education
Authors: Gruzdova Inna , Еmelyanova Tatyana , Oshkina Alla
Published: December 2021

Improvement of the educational process at the university and, in particular, training of future teachers for professional activity is one of the priorities among social and scientific problems. The specificity of modern education is rapid development of electronic learning environment which entails a change in the ways of interaction between all participants in the educational process. It is important for a future teacher to master experience of scientific and methodological support in the educational process through electronic resources in the absence of a direct contact with students and their parents even during the period of professional training for successful professional activity. The purpose of the article is the theoretical substantiation and development of the content, forms and methods of scientific and methodological electronic support for training of a future teacher in conditions of industrial practice. To achieve this goal, the research results of domestic and foreign scientists and teachers (Atanasyan, Bolbat, Davidson, Farros., etc.) reflecting the types and possibilities of electronic support of students are analyzed and systematized. They are software and electronic educational and methodological support, electronic assessment system. The problems and difficulties that arise among students in organizing remote forms of educational activities are concretized by means of a questionnaire based on the results of various types of industrial practices. They are primarily associated with difficulties in using modern digital technologies and electronic support resources, an insufficient level of digital competence. The conclusion that the need to implement scientific and methodological support of the educational process in digital educational environment actualizes the individual experience of using IT technologies and forms of e-learning and interaction by the future teacher is made. The formation of this experience is possible in conditions of a practice-oriented educational process, including performing the program of industrial practices.
Model for managing extracurricular activities of university students using information and communication technologies
Authors: Klochkova Galina
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to use of information and communication technologies (hereinafter referred to as the ICT) in education, and their implementation in extracurricular activities of educational organizations. The relevance of the study is due to new trends in the education system in general and in extracurricular activities in particular. Theoretical studies are analyzed according to which a modern university graduate is required to possess general cultural and general professional competencies. It is shown that extracurricular activities at the university provide students with an opportunity to develop supra-professional competencies, create conditions for implementation of their creative potential. The essence of management in the educational system of extracurricular activities using the information and communication technologies was studied. The components of extracurricular activities are provided and the results obtained are described. The main attention in the article is paid to development and implementation of a model of management of extracurricular activities of university students using information and communication technologies. Hybrid extracurricular activities that are conducted with students using information and communication technologies are of interest. The material is of practical importance; it allows to use the offered model of management of extracurricular activities of students. This issue is multifaceted.
The procedural problems of the legal capability determining of a person who is in clouded consciousness, into stupor, in coma or vegetative state
Authors: Vorontsova I.V. , Dolotina R.R. , Suleymanova A.S.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the problematic aspects of recognizing a person as having limited legal capacity. The authors consider the cases, which deal with people who are in clouded consciousness, into stupor, in coma or vegetative state. Depending on the degree of depth of lowering the clarity of consciousness the following stages of switching off consciousness are distinguished: clouded consciousness, stupor, coma and vegetative state. These stages successively replace each other when the condition worsens. The authors conduct a legal analysis of various degrees of disturbance of consciousness, project the results onto the institution of recognizing a person as incompetent and, taking into account international experience, suggest the most relevant ways to improve the Russian legislation. Also it has been determined the significant element of the psycho-physical state of a person, which is the basis for limiting the rights and obligations in accordance with his health.
Manipulations programmées dans le texte littéraire numérique pour la jeunesse : gestes et actions de compréhension et d’interprétation
Authors: Acerra Eleonora
Published: December 2021

En tant que textes interactifs et ergodiques, les oeuvres littéraires numériques contemporaines, francophones et non, programment l’intervention empirique de l’interlecteur·rice sur l’écran comme une condition d’actualisation du texte et du sens. Le corps de l’interlecteur·rice et son « effort non trivial » (Aarseth, 1997) sont nécessaires pour la traversée de l’œuvre et pour le dévoilement de ses contenus, qui se déclenchent justement grâce à ses gestes et actions. Loin d’être anodines ou purement mécaniques, ces manipulations de l’écran et de l’espace fictionnel requièrent un effort interprétatif, qui les rend actualisables et signifiantes. Cependant, à ce jour, peu d’études se sont intéressées au rôle précis des gestes et des actions des interlecteur·rice·s en tant que manifestation d’un parcours interprétatif. Dans cet article, nous faisons état d’une expérience de terrain, menée avec un groupe d’enfants d’école primaire, que nous avons confronté·e·s à un échantillon d’oeuvres littéraires numériques conçues pour écran tactile. Nous souhaitions observer leur compréhension, leur interprétation et leur manière de répondregestuellementà la programmation de l’œuvre.
Digitaliser le doigt. Les écrans tactiles rêvent-ils de viande humaine ?
Authors: Garmon Inès
Published: December 2021

Cet article propose de dénaturaliser la notion de « tactile » et le vocabulaire métaphorique qui l’accompagne – telle que la « fluidité », l’« interactivité » ou la « reponsivité » – qui engagent un rapport fasciné à l’écran contemporain. Nous nous intéressons pour cela au coup de doigt sur l’écran, c’est-à-dire au moment où l’usager manipule du bout du doigt l’interface : c’est dans cette rencontre entre du technique et du corporel que se joue la continuité entre le corps et l’écran. Il s’agit d’observer les manières dont ce doigt est digitalisé, traité par l’écran ; d’interroger le tactile à la fois comme processus technique, informatique ; humain, sémiotique et anthropologique ; et économique, typique d’une industrie nouvelle. Dans un premier temps, nous reviendrons sur les conditions d’élaboration de la critique de la notion de « tactile » et l’outillage conceptuel qu’elle demande, celui de l’écriture. Nous proposons de réinscrire l’écran d’abord dans sa dimension technique, ergonomique et interprétative. Puis, nous analysons les pratiques de conception qui participent à produire l’illusion d’une continuité entre le corps et l’écran. Enfin, il s’agit de montrer que, alors que les écrans dépassent largement la frontière du doigt pour produire de la donnée à partir du corps entier, ses discours et ses imaginaires contribuent à faire diversion des enjeux économiques et de pouvoir qui les traversent.
Sensoriality and pupil immersive meaning making in a virtual secondary school: A pedagogical avatarial interaction
Authors: Corvasce Caroline , Gadille Martine , Rémon Joséphine
Published: December 2021

We present a study of avatarial interactions in a pedagogical virtual 3D world. We find that there are variations as regards the three dimensions of immersion, symbolic, bodily and social, according to the academic profile of the pupils. The class with a lower mastery of academic skills in maths, French, English and a second language, was found to be more involved with the symbolic immersion aspects, and less with aspects of bodily and social immersion, whereas the class group with a higher mastery of academic skills presented the opposite features. When merging the two class groups, it was the medium high score group that was found to present salient features, namely high indicators as far as the three forms of immersion were concerned.
Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser,
Authors: Friedrichsen Hans-Peter , Gröber Uwe
Published: December 2021

das Coronavirus hat Deutschland noch immer fest im Griff. Im Verlauf der zurückliegenden Wochen wurden in den Bundesländern zunehmend Verschärfungen der Corona-Maßnahmen auf den Weg gebracht. In Bayern sind bereits alle Weihnachtsmärkte abgesagt worden. Die Politik versucht nun händeringend – häufig kopflos – mit neuen Konzepten und Regeln wie 2G, 3G oder 2G Plus die stark steigende vierte Welle der Pandemie zu brechen. Wir haben in den letzten 2 Jahren als Bürger*innen gelernt, auf Fachbegriffe wie Inzidenz, vulnerabel oder den R-Wert zu achten, aber nicht auf die Qualität unserer Nahrungsmittel und eine adäquate Versorgung mit immunrelevanten Mikronährstoffen, weil man uns vorgaukelt, bei einem solch reichhaltigen Lebensmittelangebot müsste der Körper doch eigentlich alle Mikronährstoffe bekommen, die er braucht. Die vorliegende Ausgabe der Zeitschrift für Orthomolekulare Medizin widmet sich zum Jahresausklang in verschiedenen Fachbeiträgen der Prävention. Dabei ist aufgrund der Aktualität auch die Corona-Pandemie immer wieder ein Thema.
Trends that Impact IR’s Future
Authors: Enzmann Dieter
Published: December 2021

The future of IR will evolve as a result of current trends in advances in medicine, disease biology, technology, and IR devices and accoutrements. Changes in the trends that lie at the center of the differentiation of IR from other treatment specialties will have the greatest impact. Differentiation revolves around image guidance knowledge and procedural treatment skills and involves three key components: access, mapping, and action, all of which have the common thread of imaging knowledge. The main trends that are discussed are: image-guided diagnostics (IgDx), image-guided treatment (IgRx), sub-specialization in IgRx, large device design for IgRx, multimodality IgRx, interdisciplinary IgRx, and decentralized IgRx growth. Success in attaining a patient-facing “front-line” patient position will determine the future not only of IR but of radiology as a field. IgRx is anti-commoditization immunization.

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Cost-effectiveness analysis in radiology: methods, results and implications
Authors: Froelich Matthias F. , Kunz Wolfgang G. , Tollens Fabian , Schnitzer Moritz L. , Schönberg Stefan O. , Kaiser Clemens G. , Rübenthaler Johannes
Published: December 2021

Background Diagnostic radiological examinations as well as interventional radiological therapies are performed at a steadily increasing rate amidst increasingly limited resources in healthcare systems. Given their potential to contribute decisively to optimized therapy, in most cases associated short-term direct costs can be well justified from a clinical perspective. However, to realize their clinical benefits, they must also succeed in justifying them to payers and policymakers. Therefore, the aim of this work is to present suitable methods for economic analysis of radiological precedures and to elaborate their relevance for radiology.

Methodology Methods and metrics of cost-effectiveness analysis are presented and then exemplified using the example cases of MR mammography and interventional treatment of oligometastatic tumor disease of the liver.

Results Cost-effectiveness considerations, taking into account long-term gains in lifespan and quality of life, as well as potential savings through improved treatment planning, do often objectively and credibly justify short-term additional costs.

Conclusions Cost-effectiveness analyses performed with radiological and health economic expertise can support the establishment of new radiological technologies in diagnostics and therapy.

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Verkalkungsneigung und kardiovaskuläres Risiko bei Dialysepatienten
Authors: Pasch Andreas
Published: December 2021

Dialysepatienten sind kardiovaskuläre Hochrisikopatienten. Mit Phosphat und Parathormon messen und behandeln wir heute lediglich 2 Faktoren des pathophysiologischen Verkalkungssystems. Als Kliniker sind wir bzgl. der Funktionalität dieses Verkalkungssystems weitgehend im Blindflug unterwegs. Wir behandeln zwar vermutlich das Richtige, können aber weder die Patientenprognose noch die Effektstärke unserer Interventionen gut abschätzen. Diese diagnostische Lücke könnte zukünftig der T50-Test füllen, ein neuartiger funktioneller Bluttest zur Messung der Verkalkungsneigung im Serum. Dieser Test hat das Potenzial, durch eine verbesserte koordinierte Therapielenkung und Einbeziehung etablierter Therapien ins Behandlungskonzept, zu einer Verbesserung des kardiovaskulären Outcomes von Dialysepatienten beizutragen.
CKD-MBD und sekundärer Hyperparathyreoidismus (Teil 1)
Authors: Ketteler Markus , Hahn Kai
Published: December 2021

Der Begriff CKD-MBD (Chronic Kidney Disease – Mineral Bone Disorder) ist seit einigen Jahren für Störungen des Kalzium-Phosphat-Stoffwechsels und der damit verbundenen Risiken für das Mineral-Knochen- und Herz-Kreislauf-System bei chronischen Nierenerkrankungen bekannt. Die Bezeichnung entstand nach einem Paradigmenwechsel in der Pathophysiologie des sekundären Hyperparathyreoidismus und da neue Akteure wie FGF23 und Klotho gefunden wurden, die eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entstehung der Störungen spielen. Das wachsende Verständnis der Zusammenhänge zwischen den neuen Akteuren und Kalzium, Phosphat, Vitamin D und Vitamin K2 und der Verkalkung von Gefäßen und Weichteilen beeinflusste unweigerlich unsere Therapien. Dieser erste Teil des Beitrags verschafft einen Überblick über die neuesten Erkenntnisse zum Phosphat-Sensing, die Rolle von FGF23 und Klotho und die Besonderheiten des Vitamin-D- und Vitamin-K-Stoffwechsels bei Gesundheit und chronischer Nierenerkrankung.
Unterstützungsbedarf von Müttern in Belastungslagen rund um die Geburt
Authors: Hänelt Maria , Renner Ilona
Published: December 2021

Die Erfahrung zeigt, dass genau die Mütter Unterstützungsangebote rund um die Geburt nicht in Anspruch nehmen, die sie eigentlich gut brauchen könnten. Welche Erwartungen Mütter in belasteten Lebenslagen an geburtsspezifische Unterstützungsangebote haben und welche Angebote sie sich wünschen würden, hat eine aktuelle Studie des Nationalen Zentrums Frühe Hilfen ermittelt.
Transportrichtlinien für Schwangere in Linienflugzeugen
Authors: Adams Niels-Benjamin , Bußhoff Jana , Oxfort Freya , Schmitz Jan , Hinkelbein Jochen
Published: December 2021

Ca. 7 % aller Schwangeren steigen mindestens einmal während der Schwangerschaft ins Flugzeug. Dies stellt Fluggesellschaften, Schwangere und nicht zuletzt beratende Flugmediziner vor Fragen und Herausforderungen hinsichtlich der Flugreisetauglichkeit. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, die Bandbreite der Transportbedingungen für Schwangere der 25 größten Airlines weltweit und der 4 größten Airlines in Deutschland abzubilden, mit den Richtlinien der IATA (International Air Transport Association) abzugleichen und daraus Handlungsoptionen für Mediziner zu evaluieren und Defizite aufzuzeigen. Die 25 weltweit größten Airlines sowie die 4 größten deutschen Airlines wurden mittels Internetrecherche und teils persönlicher Anfrage identifiziert. In der Auswertung zeigt sich eine große Bandbreite an Transportrichtlinien, die allgemeinen Empfehlungen nur in Teilen folgen. Die Transportrichtlinien sind damit nicht als souveräner Indikator der Flugreisetauglichkeit einer Schwangeren geeignet. Der Konsultation eines in Flugmedizin erfahrenen Arztes, insbesondere in höheren Schwangerschaftswochen, erscheint daher in Anlehnung an die IATA-Richtlinien ratsam.
Die Bedeutung der Fitness- und Gesundheitsbranche vor,
während und nach der Corona-Krise
Authors: Kobel Sarah
Published: December 2021

Die Corona-Krise verändert das Leben auf unterschiedliche Art und Weise.
Untersuchungen in verschiedenen wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen zeigen, dass
solche lebensverändernden Ereignisse u. a. Einfluss auf
Einstellung, Verhaltensabsichten und tatsächliches Verhalten von
Menschen nehmen können. Für die Fitness- und Gesundheitsbranche
bedeutet dies, dass die Corona-Krise zu einer Veränderung der
Einstellung und des Trainingsverhaltens der Mitglieder führen kann. Sich
wandelnde Ziel- und Werteorientierungen der Mitglieder infolge der Krise
können eine Anpassung des Leistungsangebots der Fitness- und
Gesundheitsstudios erforderlich machen. Um zu verstehen, wie die Corona-Krise
die Branche bislang verändert hat und gegebenenfalls nachhaltig
verändern wird, hat die Deutsche Hochschule für
Prävention und Gesundheitsmanagement (DHfPG) in insgesamt drei
Untersuchungen die Perspektive der Mitglieder in Fitness- und Gesundheitsanlagen
eingenommen. Ziel war es, die Erwartungshaltung der Mitglieder transparent und
die Erkenntnisse für die Betreiber von Fitness- und Gesundheitsanlagen
greifbar sowie umsetzbar zu machen.

Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine starke emotionale Verbindung zwischen den
Mitgliedern und ihren Fitness- und Gesundheitsanlagen besteht und die
Trainingsmotivation wesentlich an die Öffnung der Anlagen
geknüpft zu sein scheint. Gleichzeitig aber ist eine starke Fokussierung
auf Gesundheit und einen gesundheitsorientierten Lebensstil zu erkennen. Dieser
ganzheitliche Ansatz muss Einzug in das Leistungsangebot der Anlagen halten.
Geschichte der militärischen Flugmedizin
Authors: Grell Franz
Published: December 2021

Der Krieg ist der Vater aller Dinge, sagte einst Heraklit der Dunkle (ca. 500 A. D.). Trifft das auch für die Entstehung der Flugmedizin zu?
Der fliegende Fliegerarzt: ein Rückblick auf ein berufliches Selbstverständnis
Authors: Harsch Viktor
Published: December 2021

2021 jährte sich zum 60. Mal die Gründung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin DGLRM e. V. In ihr zusammengeschlossen sind mehrere hundert flugmedizinisch interessierte, überwiegend fliegerärztlich tätige Praktiker, die flugmedizinische Untersuchungsstellen führen und/oder sich auf luft- und raumfahrtmedizinischem Gebiet wissenschaftlich betätigen.
Auf dem Weg zu einer Marktwirtschaft im niedrigen Erdorbit und im cis-lunaren Weltraum
Authors: Hufenbach Bernhard
Published: December 2021

Die Hauptantriebskräfte für die Weltraumforschung ändern sich. In der Vergangenheit wurden Investitionen in die Weltraumforschung durch die nationale Führung und Vormachtstellung sowie durch wissenschaftliche Entdeckungen gerechtfertigt. Heutzutage liegt der Fokus zunehmend auf der Integration der Weltraumaktivitäten in die terrestrische Wirtschaft.
Die konsequente Nutzung modernster Technologie zum Schutz unserer Soldaten
Authors: Bernewasser Peter
Published: December 2021

Ferngesteuerte unbemannte Luftfahrzeuge (Remotely Piloted Aircraft/RPA) die zulassungspflichtig und aufgrund der Größe, den erreichbaren Einsatzhöhen und der Zeit, die sie in einem Flug in der Luft bleiben können, der Klasse Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) zugeordnet sind, spielen in allen heutigen Einsatzgebieten eine tragende Rolle zum Schutz der Soldaten. Sie liefern 24/7-Aufklärungsergebnisse in Echtzeit und HD-Auflösung als Grundlage zur Beurteilung der Lage, der Planung von Einsätzen und zur visuellen Aufklärung in asymmetrischen Bedrohungslagen. Sie sind bereits als Aufklärungsmittel der ersten Wahl unersetzlich und könnten zukünftig auch einen unmittelbaren Schutz eigener Truppen am Boden bieten.
Die ISS am Anfang einer neuen Ära der Raumfahrtmedizin
Authors: Ngo-Anh Thu Jennifer , Ullrich Oliver
Published: December 2021

Die Raumfahrtmedizin steht aktuell vor 2 enormen Herausforderungen: Zum einen erfordern die geplanten interplanetaren Langzeitmissionen eine gewaltige Weiterentwicklung von medizinischem Wissen, Prozeduren und Technologien, die anschließend in einer weitgehend autonomen Umgebung fern der Erde zum Einsatz kommen müssen, zum anderen erfordert die menschliche Präsenz im All neben hochselektierten Berufsastronauten die Einbeziehung eines weitaus größeren Personenkreises an Menschen. Die Internationale Raumstation (ISS) – als Forschungsstation im All in sicherer Nähe zur Erde – ermöglicht seit mehr als 20 Jahren raumfahrtmedizinische Forschung, als zwingende Grundlagen für die Mobilität des Menschen im All und als Laboratorium zur Gewinnung medizinischer Erkenntnisse zur Erhaltung der Gesundheit des Menschen, die auf der Erde so nicht möglich wären. Die ISS ist für die Medizin die Brücke ins All und gleichzeitig ein Laboratorium für die Erde.
Gesundheit im Alter ist kein Zufall
Authors: Friedrichsen Hans-Peter , Gröber Uwe
Published: December 2021

Gesunde Ernährung und optimale Versorgung mit Mikronährstoffen
sind aus Sicht der orthomolekularen Medizin die wichtigsten Säulen der
Prävention. Der Verzehr industriell hergestellter und verarbeiteter
Nahrungsmittel, von Transfettsäuren, Fleisch aus Massentierhaltung sowie
verarbeiteten Fleisch- und Wurstwaren sollte aufgrund negativer Auswirkungen auf
die Gesundheit gemieden werden. Einen hohen Stellenwert haben kaltgepresste
Öle, naturbelassenes und biologisch erzeugtes Fleisch, frischer Seefisch
sowie Obst und Gemüse aus biologischem Anbau. Kuhmilch ist in
Maßen zu genießen, da sie in größeren Mengen
Gewichtszunahme und Insulinresistenz begünstigt. Die Einnahme von
Medikamenten kann den Bedarf an Mikronährstoffen erhöhen. Ein
Mikronährstoffmangel schwächt das Immunsystem und
begünstigt Krankheiten. Die Supplementierung von Folsäure,
B-Vitaminen, Magnesium, Selen und Vitamin D trägt zur Erhaltung der
Gesundheit bei.
ω-3-Index und Kardioprotektion
Authors: Gröber Uwe
Published: December 2021

Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen wie Bluthochdruck, Herzinsuffizienz, Herzinfarkt oder Schlaganfall zählen nach wie vor zu den häufigsten Todesursachen in Deutschland und verursachen insgesamt über 40% aller Sterbefälle. Darüber hinaus sind kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen mit erheblichen individuellen Krankheitsfolgen assoziiert und ziehen hohe gesellschaftliche Krankheitskosten nach sich. Deshalb ist die rechtzeitige Prävention und Therapie von besonderer Bedeutung. Die kardioprotektiven Effekte von DHA und EPA sind v. a. mit der klinisch günstigen Beeinflussung einer Reihe von kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren erklärbar wie Blutdruck, Blutfette, Endothelfunktion, Herzrhythmus, Herzratenvariabilität (HRV), vaskuläre Inflammation und Thrombozytenaggregation (Abb. 1).
Avaliação das concordâncias intra e interobservadores da nova classificação AO/OTA para fraturas da região trocantérica e do colo do fêmur
Authors: Busato Thiago Sampaio , Baldasso Daniel , Matioski Filho Gladyston Roberto , Godoi Lucas Dias , Morozowski Marcelo Gavazzoni , Capriotti Juan Rodolfo Vilela
Published: December 2021

Objetivo Neste estudo, investigamos a concordância intra e interobservador da nova classificação Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) para fraturas da extremidade proximal do fêmur.

Métodos Foram selecionadas 100 radiografias do quadril de pacientes que sofreram fraturas da região trocantérica ou do colo do fêmur. Quatro ortopedistas cirurgiões de quadril e quatro residentes de ortopedia e traumatologia avaliaram e classificaram as fraturas segundo o novo sistema AO/OTA em duas ocasiões distintas. O coeficiente de kappa (k) foi utilizado para avaliar a concordância intra e interobservador nos diferentes passos da classificação, a saber: tipo, grupo, subgrupo e qualificador.

Resultados Especialistas em cirurgia do quadril obtiveram concordância intraobservador quase perfeita de tipo, substancial para grupo e, apenas moderada para subgrupo e qualificadores. Os residentes tiveram desempenho inferior, com concordância substancial para o tipo, moderada para o grupo, e razoável para o subgrupo e qualificador. Na avaliação interobservadores dos especialistas, também se observou queda gradual da concordância entre tipo (quase perfeita) e grupo (moderada), que se mostrou ainda menor para subgrupo e qualificadores. Residentes tiveram uma concordância interobservadores substancial para tipo, moderada para grupo e razoável nas demais ramificações.

Conclusão A Nova Classificação AO/OTA para fraturas da região trocantérica e do colo do fêmur mostrou concordâncias intra e interobservadores consideradas adequadas para tipo e grupo com queda nas ramificações subsequentes ou seja para subgrupo e qualificador. Ainda assim em relação à classificação AO/OTA antiga houve melhora nas concordâncias para subgrupo.
Stiff Person Syndrome and Encephalitis with GAD Antibodies with Severe Anterograde Amnesia in an Adolescent: A Case Study and Literature Review
Authors: Herbulot Léa , Bost Chloé , Viguier Agnès , Faure-Marie Nathalie , Baudou Eloïse , Cheuret Emmanuel
Published: December 2021

Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) encephalitis is rare and few pediatric cases have been reported, with variable clinical presentations. A 14-year-old female adolescent was managed in our department. She had been treated for several months for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy and gradually presented major anterograde amnesia with confusion. Upon her arrival at the University Hospital Centre, she showed a classical form of stiff person syndrome. The brain magnetic resonance imaging showed bitemporal hyperintensities and hypertrophy of the amygdala. The blood and cerebrospinal fluid were positive for GAD65 antibodies. At 2 years of immunosuppressive treatment and rehabilitation, the course showed partial improvement of the memory and neuropsychiatric impairment, and epilepsy that continued to be active. GAD65 antibodies are associated with various neurological syndromes, and this presentation combining limbic encephalitis and stiff person syndrome is the first pediatric form published to date; there are also few cases described in adults.
Endoscopic Anatomy of the Zygomatic Nerve: Implications for the Endoscopic Transmaxillary Approach
Authors: Xu Yuanzhi , Nunez Maximiliano Alberto , Mohyeldin Ahmed , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction Understanding the anatomic features of the zygomatic nerve is critical for performing the endoscopic transmaxillary approach properly. Injury to the zygomatic nerve can result in facial numbness and corneal problems.

Objective To evaluate the surgical anatomy of the zygomatic nerve and its segments from an endoscopic endonasal perspective for clinical implications of performing the endoscopic transmaxillary approach.

Methods The origin, course, length, and segments of the zygomatic nerve were studied in four specimens from an endonasal perspective.

Results The zygomatic nerve arises 4.1 ± 1.7 mm from the foramen rotundum of the maxillary nerve in the superolateral pterygopalatine fossa (PPF). According to its anatomic region in endonasal endoscopic surgery, we divided the zygomatic nerve into two segments: the PPF segment, from origin to the point of entry under Muller's muscle, which runs superolaterally to the inferior orbital fissure (IOF) (length, 4.6 ± 1.3 mm), and the IOF segment, starting at the entry point in Muller's muscle and terminating at the exit point in the IOF, which travels between Muller's muscle and the great wing of the sphenoid bone (length, 19.6 ± 3.6 mm). In the transmaxillary approach, the zygomatic nerve is a critical landmark in the superolateral PPF.

Conclusion The zygomatic nerve travels in the PPF and the IOF; better visualization and preservation of this nerve during endonasal endoscopic surgery are crucial for successful outcomes.
Abdominal Wall Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bustos Valeria P. , Escandón Joseph M. , Santamaría Eric , Ciudad Pedro , Forte Antonio J. , Hernandez-Alejandro Roberto , Leckenby Jonathan I. , Langstein Howard N. , Manrique Oscar J.
Published: December 2021

Background Abdominal wall vascularized composite allotransplantation (AW-VCA) is a novel reconstructive technique used for large abdominal wall defects in combination with intestinal transplantation (ITx) or multivisceral abdominal transplantation (MVTx). Since the introduction of this procedure, several studies have been published reporting their experience. This study aims to present a scoping review looking at all available evidence-based medicine information to understand the most current surgical techniques and clinical outcomes.

Methods This scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews checklist. A comprehensive research strategy of several databases was conducted.

Results A total of 31 studies were included in this review, which comprised animal, cadaveric, and human studies. In human studies, four surgical techniques with high flap survival rates and low complication rates were found. In cadaveric studies, it was shown that the use of iliofemoral cuff-based flaps provided adequate tissue perfusion to the abdominal wall graft. Also, the use of thoracolumbar nerves have been described to provide functionality to the AW-VCA and prevent long-term muscle atrophy.

Conclusion AW-VCA is a safe and efficient alternative for patients with large and complex abdominal wall defects. The future holds a promising evolution of a functional AW-VCA, though surgeons must face and overcome the challenge of distorted anatomy frequently present in this population. Forthcoming studies with a better level of evidence are required to evaluate functionality and differences between surgical techniques.