bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Religious Commitment and Career Decision Making Among International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Students
Authors: Mohamed Rashad Aisha
Published: June 2021

This study is an exploration of the relationship between religious commitment and career decision making among students at the International Islamic University Malaysia. The sample of this study consisted of two hundred and thirty students. The major hypotheses of the study were that (a) the degree of religious commitment among students in IIUM is high, (b) the students are highly confident in their career decisions; (c) there is a positive correlation between confidence in career decisions and religious commitment. The instruments used were Career Decision Scale (CDS) and Religious Commitment Inventory (RCI). The results found that students of IIUM have a high level of religious commitment and a moderate level of confidence in career decision-making. Multivariate Analysis of Variance showed a significant difference between local and

 

Abstrak

 

Kajian ini adalah satu ekplorasi tentang hubungan antara komitmen agama dan pertimbangan pemilihan kerjaya dalam kalangan 230 orang mahasiswa di Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia (UIAM). Hipotesis utama adalah (a) darjah komitmen agama mahasiswa UIAM adalah tinggi; (b) mahasiswa mempunyai keyakinan yang tinggi dalam pertimbangan kerjaya mereka; (c) terdapat korelasi positif antara keyakinan dalam pertimbangan kerjaya dan komitmen agama.  Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Skala Pertimbangan Kerjaya (CDS) dan Inventori Komitmen Agama (RCI).  Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa mahasiswa UIAM mempunyai komitmen agama bertahap tinggi dan keyakinan dalam membuat pertimbangan pemilihan kerjaya yang sederhana.  Analisis Varian Multivariat menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan antara mahasiswa tempatan dan antarabangsa di mana mahasiswa antarabangsa lebih tinggi keyakinan dalam membuat pertimbangan kerjaya. Analisis korelasi statistiks tidak menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara CDS dan RCI seperti yang dijangka oleh hipotesis. Bagaimanapun, hasil kajian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dan positif antara subskala “kepastian kerjaya” dan komitmen agama.  Dapatan ini mempunyai implikasi yang penting bagi kaunselor kerjaya, sebab ia menunjukkan kepentingan komitmen agama dalam kaunseling kerjaya.

International students with international students having more confidence in career decision-making. Using statistical analysis of correlation, results did not show any significant relationship between CDS and RCI as was predicted by the hypothesis. However, the results showed a significant, positive relationship between the ‘career certainty’ subscale and religious commitment. These findings have important implications for career counsellors, as they show the importance of religious commitment in career counseling.
STABILITY OF VIBRATIONS OF THE TRACTOR AS A TWO-MASS MODEL WITH TWO NONLINEARITIES OF THE TYPE OF DRY FRICTION IN RESONANCE MODES
Authors:   Kharkov National Technical University of Agriculture named after Petro Vasilenko, Kalinin E. , Kolesnik Y. , Myasushka M.
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study is to assess the possibility of calculating the stability of tractor oscillations as a system with nonlinearities such as dry friction due to the inverse problem. Research methods. The methodological basis of the work is the generalization and analysis of known scientific results regarding the dynamics of two-mass systems in resonance modes and the use of a systematic approach. The analytical method and comparative analysis were used to form a scientific problem, determine the goal and formulate the research objectives. When creating empirical models, the main provisions of the theory of stability of systems, methodology of system analysis and research of operations were used. The results of the study. Oscillations of the system with harmonic excitation by its base are considered (for example, the movement of a tractor on an uneven supporting surface). Oscillations of this system are described by nonlinear differential equations. To solve this equation, instead of friction dampers with friction forces, linear dampers with corresponding drag coefficients are included in the system. By solving the obtained system of linear inhomogeneous differential equations for the steady-state mode of oscillation, the amplitudes of oscillations of masses and deformation of springs with certain stiffness are determined. To clarify the effect of friction forces on mass oscillations in resonance modes, the obtained expressions were analyzed. A diagram of stability of mass oscillations in resonance modes is obtained. Conclusions. It has been established that if the coefficients of relative friction have such values that the point that is determined by them lies within the region bounded by segments 1-2 and 2-3 and coordinate axes, then during oscillations in the low-frequency resonance mode, the friction forces do not limit the increase in amplitudes fluctuations of masses, but only reduce the rate of their growth. If the point, which is determined by the coefficients of relative friction, lies in the region 1-1'-2'-3 '3-2-1, then the springs have intermittent deformation, that is, during the period of oscillation, one mass of the system has stops relative to another mass, or the last has stops relative to the support surface, or both masses move part of the period as a whole with the support surface. At resonance with a high frequency, the friction forces limit the amplitudes of mass oscillations if the coefficients of relative friction have such values that the point that is determined by them does not lie in the region bounded by segments 4-5 and 5-6 and the coordinate axes. Sections 4-5 and 5-6 define the boundaries of vibration stability at resonance (lines of critical ratios of the coefficients of relative friction).
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa Fisika Berbasis Scientific pada Materi Elastisitas dan Hukum Hooke
Authors: Sari Mayang , Amin Ahmad , Arini Wahyu
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangakan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Fisika Berbasis Scientific pada pokok bahasan Elastisitas dan Hukum Hooke yang valid, dan praktis. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) Bagaimana  mendesain  dan   mengembangkan  Lembar Kerja Siswa Fisika berbasis scientific pada  materi  Elastisitas dan Hukum Hooke Kelas XI SMA Negeri  4 (Model) Lubuklinggau?, 2) Bagaimana kualitas LKS untuk pembelajaran fisika jika ditinjau dari segi kevalidan, dan kepraktisan?, Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI IPA 5 yang terdiri dari 6 siswa yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengembangan penelitian menggunakan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari 1) Analisis Kebutuhan (Analysis), 2) perancangan (design), 3) pengembangan (develop), 4) Implementasi (Implement), 5) Evaluasi (Evaluation). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik angket respon siswa. Dan validasi terdiri dari 3 validasi ahli, validasi materi dengan penilaian 44 dalam kategori sangat baik, validasi bahasa dengan penilaian 18 dalam kategori baik, dan validasi media dengan penilaian 29 dalam kategori baik. Validasi yang dilakukan mendapatkan hasil dengan penilaian 91 dalam kategori baik. Respon siswa terhadap lembar kerja siswa fisika berbasis Scientific dengan penilaian 34,16 dalam kategori sangat baik sedangkan hasil uji kompetensi siswa dengan 6 orang sampel 1 orang tidak tuntas 5 orang yang mencapai KKM. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa Lembar Kerja Siswa fisika berbasis Scientific yang dikembangkan telah Valid, dan praktis.
CEMENT MARKET IN UKRAINE
Authors: Valentyna POLIUHA , Oksana ZOLOTARIOVA , Olha KOMAKHA
Published: June 2021

Background. The building materials industry includes the production of cement, bricks and other materials. The state of the cement market is of particular interest. An analysis of recent research and publications has shown that in order to generalize and specify the situation on the Ukrainian cement market, it is necessary to analyse statistics on production, consumption and export-import operations with cement. The aim of the article is to establish trends in the development of production, con­sumption, export and import operations with cement in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The work used general scientific and special methods of analysis, as well as publicly available sources of statistical information. Results. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, over the past five years there has been an increase in production of all types of cement in quantitative equi­valent by almost 13.4 %, refractory cements – by 57.1 %, and alumina cement, clinker-free slag cement and hydraulic cements – 1.8 times. During 2016–2020, there was a tendency to increase wholesale prices for M-400 cement. During this period, the price increased 1.6 times and is mainly due to higher prices for raw materials. The difference in retail prices for cement in the largest retail chains in Ukraine is 25 %, which is a significant fluctuation. The analysis of the dynamics of cement exports from Ukraine during 2015–2020 showed a tendency to increase its volumes by more than 2 times. If we compare the volumes of imports and exports of cement, in 2020 the volumes of cement imports exceeded the volumes of exports by 33.8 % in monetary terms. The largest volumes of cement in 2020 were imported to Ukraine from Turkey – 91 % of all deliveries, from Poland, Bulgaria, Lithuania and Germany – 2 % each, and from other countries only 1 %. During 2015–2020, the largest share in the structure of domestic cement exports abroad belonged to Romania, having increased almost 5 times in 2017–2020. In second place amongimporting countries there are Hungary and the Republic of Moldova. Conclusion. In recent years, the cement market in Ukraine is gradually deve­loping. The analysis of development trends showed that its main producers are several large groups – private joint-stock companies, which produce 99.8 % of the total volume of these products. Studies have shown that during 2014–2020 there was a slight increase in pro­duction and consumption of all types of cement in Ukraine. Monitoring of cement prices showed that during 2016–2020 there was an increase in wholesale prices for M-400 cement: in four years they increased by more than 60 %. There is a significant difference in retail prices of cement in the seven largest retail chains in Ukraine at 25 %. Analysis of the dynamics of cement exports from Ukraine in 2015–2020 showed that they more than doubled, but imports of this product in 2020 exceeded exports by 33.8 % in monetary terms.
UKRAINEON THE WORLD MARKET OF LEATHER MATERIALS
Authors: Anna BONDARIEVA , Maryna ZHALDAK , Olena MOKROUSOVA
Published: June 2021

Background. The problem of stable activity of domestic producers, in particular in the production of leather and footwear, is exacerbated by increasing global competition along with the loss of significant share of domestic and foreign markets. The regulating of the development of industrial production, domestic and foreign markets for light industry products is one of the most important tasks of the state today. Therefore, the assessment of the state of Ukraine’s foreign trade in the leather and leathermaterials market is important component for forecasting andshaping the development of domestic leather manufacturing. The aim of the work is to analyze the dynamics of Ukraine’s foreign trade on the leather materials market and to establish key directions for thedevelopment of Ukraine’s leather industry to increase the competitiveness of domestic products in an international environment. Materials and methods. Methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and gene­ra­lization are used for work. Statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, customs statistics of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, as well as data from the Inter­national Trade Center are used to study the leather market of various finishing methods in the world. Results. The analysis of foreign trade activities of the leather materials market showed that leather, additionally processed after tanning, significantly exceeds exports in imports, while tanned leather without processing in exports is ten times higher than im­ports. The analysis of world trade indicators determined that leather with a natural full grain surface is characterized by the greatest competitiveness against polished leather withan artificial grain surface. According to the indicators of foreign trade activity, Ukraine ranks third among the countries – leaders in world imports of leather with a natural full grain surface configuration in the form of halves. According to this commodity position, Ukraine ranks 13th in world exports. Conclusion. The analysis of Ukraine’s foreign trade on the leather materials mar­ket revealed the need of forming commodity and technological specializations of the domestic leather industry in accordance with the production of leather with a natural full grain surface from cowhides as the most competitive product in the international environment.
RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS DOUGH WITH SPELT FLOUR
Authors: Mykhailo KRAVCHENKO , Olha ROMANOVSKA , Tetiana MARUSYAK
Published: June 2021

Background. The analysis of modern literature sources shows that the impro­vement of existing biscuit technologies is aimed primarily at the use of various non-traditional raw materials to regulate the nutritional value and increase the stability of sponge dough during production and baking.Thus, the production of biscuits from spelt flour is one of the most promising areas of its use, as it meets the technological properties of this type of product. The aim of the work is to study the rheological properties of sponge dough from a mixture of premium wheat flour and spelt flour. Materials and methods.The object of the study is the dough for the main biscuit and with the replacement of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 % of high-grade wheat flour (HGWF) with spelt flour (SF). The study was performed on a rotary viscometer Reotest-2 on a system of cylin­ders S, S3 at a temperature of 20 °C. Shear stress and viscosity are calculated by formulas for the corresponding values of shear rate. The whipping of the sponge dough was defined as the ratioof thevolume of the egg-sugar mixture after beating to the volume of the mixture after adding the flour mixture and stirring for 15 с(%). The stability of the sponge dough (SSD) with the addition of flour mixtures was determined as the ratio of the height of the foam after aging for 15· 60 сat a temperature of 18–20 °C to the total height of the foam column of the sample, expressed as a percentage. Results. The study found a general trend to reduce the viscosity of sponge dough for test specimens depending on the shear rate relative to control. Thus, for the studied shear deformations from 0.167 c-1 to 24.3 c-1, the viscosity of the sponge dough of the control sample decreases from 55.50to 3.26 Pa ∙ с. Replacing wheat flour with spelt flour in the amount of 10 to 50 % helps to reduce the viscosity of sponge dough from 55.50 to 1.55 Pa ∙ с. When studying the dependence of the effective viscosity of the dough for the main biscuit on the content of SF at a fixed shear rate of 24.3 c-1, two areas were identified –in the range of 0–30 and 30–50 % replacement of wheat flour for SF, for which there is a different intensity of viscosity reduction: by 38.3 and 2.4%, respectively. The increase in the stability of sponge cake dough by 3.6–43.6% in the studied samples with respect to control was due to the addition of spelt flour. Conclusion. The use of spelt flour in the composition of the main sponge cake helps to reduce the viscosity, but increases the whipping and stability of the biscuit dough, which is positive for the subsequent molding and baking.
INNOVATIVE BUSINESS TOOLS IN TRADE
Authors: Olena URDENKO , Victoriia MELNYK
Published: June 2021

Background. In the era of intensive digital transformation, which is due in part to the COVID-19 pandemic, trade is one of the most dynamic sectors of the economy. During the lockdown, trade has become the epicentre of the development and implementation of trade innovations, testing of technological and non-technological business tools to effectively transform relationships with consumers and suppliers and other stakeholders. The analysis of recent research and publications has shown that, despite the availability of separate research on future trade trends, existing research does not reveal the main trends in the use of business tools in trade in the economic crisis caused by the pandemic, which confirms the need for further research. The aim of the article is to study modern trendsin the developmentand use of innovative business tools inthe field oftrade. Materials and methods. Theoretical and methodological basis of scientific research were scientific concepts and theoretical developments on the use of business technologies and tools, information and analytical materials. Results. The author’s definition of the terms: «business technologies»and «business tools»is given. Systematized business tools used in trade. The main trends in the development of innovative technologies related to increasing the level of own operational efficiency and increasing the level of business competitiveness in the field of trade are described. Conclusion. The main trends in the development of innovative business tools in the field of trade are summarized. It has been established that innovative business tools and business technologies have a significant impact on trade development. Prospects for further research in this area are the study of modern information technology and software to optimize trade.
As fantásticas criaturas que habitam os abismos da noite ou um brilho no olhar do Explorador de Abismos
Authors: Costin Fuser Marina
Published: June 2021

O explorador de abismos
Forum
Authors: Hughes Geoffrey , Ben-Yehoyada Naor , Scheele Judith , Dua Jatin
Published: June 2021

Follow the relationship: A note on Jatin Dua’s Captured at Sea: Piracy and Protection in the Western Indian Ocean

Protection recaptured: Reflections on Jatin Dua’s Captured at Sea: Piracy and Protection in the Western Indian Ocean

Protection’s possibility: On histories and geographies of concepts
Журналістика в Угорщині: загальне та особливе
Authors: Ткач Дмитро
Published: June 2021

У монографії проаналізовано загальні та особливі риси журналістики в Угорщині, розпочинаючи з XVII сторіччя і закінчуючи сьогоденням. Показано, як за ці часи народжувалася, проходила період становлення та розвивалася угорська журналістика. Особливу увагу приділено друкованій пресі, газетам і журналам, наводяться приклади роботи журналістів за різних політичних умов. Досліджено також нові форми журналістики: Інтернет, блоги і твітер в Угорщині та їх вплив на медіасферу. Підкреслено, що протягом усього періоду існування журналістики в Угорщині влада завжди прагнула використовувати ЗМІ у власних цілях. Для студентів, аспірантів, викладачів факультетів журналістики, міжнародних відносин ВНЗ та всіх тих, хто цікавиться історією ЗМІ й Угорщини.
Criminological characteristics of the manifestations of the shadow economy
Authors: Fisunenko Nadiya , Tkachenko Pavlo , Kuzmenko Albina
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the features of the criminological characteristics of the manifestations of the shadow economy. The essence of the concept of “shadow economy” and its characteristic are investigated. As a result, it turned out that the shadow economy is one of the biggest obstacles to the development of the country's competitiveness, the growth of social standards of living of the population and integration into the European community. It is a reflection of the active criminalization of economic processes, the high corruption of state authorities and the low legal and tax culture of legal entities and individuals. The study found that the shadow economy gives rise to economic crime, which is harming the economic interests of the state and citizens protected by law, through theft, economic and mercenary official crimes. Statistical data of the General Prosecutor's Office of Ukraine for recent years are analyzed. Based on the results, it is established that a tendency towards an increase in the severity of economic crimes is observed in the country. Analysis of crimes in the field of economic activity (by types of economic crimes) indicates an increase in tax evasion, misuse of budget funds, etc. So, criminological studies indicate the growing urgency of economic crime in the country. Criminological theory is investigated, persons who commit economic crimes, their relationship between men and women and areas of professional activity are examined and characterized. According to the results of the study, it was found that in the structure of economic crimes, a third are attacks against property, and almost half are criminal acts using official powers. The urgent issue is the prevention of economic crimes, effective and more specific are criminological preventive measures, which include the performance by the relevant authorities of inspections for the implementation of commodity-money transactions by business entities, it is advisable to use budgetary funds, legally conduct operational search activities in in order to counter the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime, and more. Only with strict observance of all procedural rules and the rule of law, is it possible to overcome the country's shadow economy.
Criminalistics analysis of fraud in the labor market
Authors: Antonyuk Iryna
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of organizational and economic mechanisms of regulation of employment in Ukraine. It is emphasized that, in modern conditions of economic development, the problems of effective employment of the population of Ukraine, labor market reform and prevention of mass unemployment become especially important. The labor market is central among other markets. At the same time, the imperfection and existence of conflicts in labor and civil legislation, as well as the inability of law enforcement agencies to resist all new manifestations of fraud, have led to the spread of fraudulent activities in the labor market. A person who has lost faith in finding a decent job, suddenly receiving such an offer, loses vigilance and can accept questionable conditions, as a result of which he becomes a victim. It is emphasized that it is impossible to understand the problem of fraud without studying the pe-culiarities of the labor market and identifying the factors that affect the level of fraud in this area. The activity of persons acting as employers, as well as providing employment mediation services is analyzed, the nature of social and labor relations with employees is described, a number of normative legal acts regulating the sphere of employment are analyzed. There are shortcomings in the legislation governing labor relations. Some factors and circumstances influencing the occurrence of fraudulent manifestations in the field of employment services are considered. It is emphasized that the specifics of criminal activity in the labor market significantly depends on the socio-economic situation and the legal regulation of relevant procedures, legal conflicts and differences in legislation, to which fraudsters react quickly to commit a criminal plan. In this case, fraudsters adapt to the specific situation, based on the dynamics of favorable and unfavorable factors, adapting to new conditions.
Procedure for obtaining the status of a suspect: directions of reforming
Authors: Bublyk Nadiya
Published: June 2021

The scientific article analyzes the procedural procedure for acquiring the status of a suspect under the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. It is stated that a person acquires the procedural status of a suspect from the moment of delivery of a notice of suspicion, and in case of impossibility to serve in person - after sending a notice of suspicion in another way. It is emphasized that it can be significantly more difficult to deliver a notice of suspicion in person if a person avoids meeting or appearing with an investigator or prosecutor. It is substantiated that short deadlines do not allow effective use of a formal summons to an investigator or prosecutor. The article draws attention to the fact that it is quite difficult to document the impossibility of personally delivering a notice of suspicion. It is emphasized that sending a report of suspicion in another way (at the place of residence, work) may be complicated by the fact that the place of residence or work may be absent or unknown to the investigator, prosecutor. It is noted that the terms "place of residence" and administration of "place of work" do not have an unambiguous interpretation, which allows to question the appropriateness of sending a notice of suspicion to a known investigator, prosecutor's ddress or place of work. The issue of the impossibility of confirming that the person received an e-mail with a notice of suspicion was raised. Based on the analysis of judicial practice and the practice of the High Council of Justice, it is stated that decisions to refuse to apply measures to ensure criminal proceedings in case of insufficient measures to serve a notice of suspicion are not uncommon. It is stated that in the conditions of the need to deliver a notice of suspicion to a personally suspected or related person, the presence or absence of a person's desire to receive a notice of suspicion is of great importance. That is, the acquisition of procedural status of a suspect depends on the desire of the suspect. It is substantiated that the optimal way to reform the legislation is to obtain the procedural status of a suspect on the basis of the relevant resolution of the investigator, prosecutor.
Problem aspects of organizational and tactical support of interrogation in the investigation of crimes in tourist industry
Authors: Vengerova Yuliya
Published: June 2021

It is emphasized that the investigation of crimes in the field of tourism has certain specifics due to the circumstances and mechanism of this crime. A special place among all other sources of evidence is occupied by testimony, which takes the form of evidence only in the case of observance of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of persons who have information about the event of a criminal offense and their proper procedural design. However, during interrogations in the investigation of crimes related to tourism, investigators often face difficulties of both procedural and organizational and tactical nature. The most significant problem is the lack of time for full preparation for the interrogation, with the study of legislation in the field of tourism, taking into account all the circumstances to be established and drawing up an interrogation plan. The use by investigators of the full range of tactics recommended by criminology and developed in practice is also not used to a sufficient extent. Investigators lack the time and technical ability to accompany the process of obtaining evidence by audio or video recording. For the most part, suspects withdraw their testimony after some time on the grounds that it was obtained as a result of psychological pressure or physical influence. While audio and video materials could help to refute these statements and prove the legitimacy of the actions of the person conducting the interrogation. It is noted that when interrogating victims, witnesses, suspects in criminal proceedings related to tourism, the investigator should be critical of their testimony and compare them with other evidence. It is important for the investigator to establish whether the interrogated are in a business relationship with the head of a tourist or hotel-restaurant enterprise and what their nature is. This need is due to the prevalence of situations where persons who declare themselves as witnesses are involved in criminal acts. Recommenda-tions on the most effective organization and tactics of interrogation in proceedings of this category are given.
Essence and system of forensic description of mass rebellions
Authors: Lisnyak Anton
Published: June 2021

The article covers some aspects of the investigation of mass riots. The essence and system of forensic characterization of the specified actions for their faster and more effective investigation are considered. It is noted that a criminal offense has a large number of characteristics, which in criminology are systematized in such a scientific category as «forensic characteristics». For half a century the criminological characteristic has entered into a technique of investigation of criminal offenses as a stable element. With regard to mass riots, it should be emphasized that the investigation of these acts has important features, which, inter alia, are related to the study of a certain category. The position of the authors is supported, who believe that for police officers who are directly in-volved in the investigation, the most important thing is the practical application of a tool that will help in the investigation process. That is, the real value of the forensic characterization of a particular type of crime is the possibility of its practical application, the ability to resolve certain issues in view of it and, of course, the ability to make it to investigate certain categories of crimes faster and more efficient. At the same time, the use of such an information system requires in each case to identify a key element through which you can make a «login» to the system in order to obtain the necessary information. The selection of a key element for a particular case depends on the investigative situation at this stage of the investigation. The author concludes that a forensic characterization is a system of information about forensically significant features of criminally punishable acts of a certain type, which reflects the legitimate links between them and serves to build and verify investigative versions during their investigation. The system of forensic characteristics of mass riots includes the following elements: the method of committing a criminal offense; the situation of mass riots; the subject of the criminal act; traces of the offense; the identity of the victim; the identity of the offender. Keywords: mass riots, organization, tactics, investigative (search) actions, forensic description.
International cooperation in the investigation of crimes in the field of employment abroad
Authors: Pavlyk Mykola
Published: June 2021

The article considers the issues of international cooperation in the investigation of crimes in the field of employment of Ukrainian citizens abroad. An analysis of the main international legal acts ratified by Ukraine on the regulation of the activities of authorized entities in the field of external labor migration. It is emphasized that external labor migration is directly related to aspects of interstate cooperation, as the vast majority of permits for employment of citizens abroad are issued through the relevant foreign diplomatic missions. The legal aspects of the interaction of authorized bodies in the course of international cooperation are studied, attention is paid to certain features of the formation of such requests and the formulation of questions in them. And crimes committed in the employment of Ukrainian citizens abroad often have group characteristics of criminal activity, even transnational in nature and are mostly related to human trafficking and their successful investigation is impossible without proper cooperation and international cooperation of relevant law enforcement agencies. The author has concluded that today in Ukraine there are no theoretical and scientifically substantiated and practically tested methodological developments on the methodology of investigation of crimes committed on employment abroad. It is possible to improve the effectiveness of the investigation of crimes committed in the field of employment abroad, to more successfully counter these phenomena and to protect the citizens of Ukraine from criminal encroachments on external labor migration in the field of employment abroad, provided participants in the provision of such international assistance and authorized entities for the effective implementation of international cooperation, taking into account the specifics of these crimes.
Typical investigatory situations in investigation of group violations of public order
Authors: Usatkin Denys
Published: June 2021

The scientific article is devoted to covering some aspects of the investigation of a group violation of public order. The essence and system of typical investigative situations of the specified actions for their faster and more effective investigation are considered. It is noted that the activities of law enforcement officers should have a specific structure, which will vary depending on the specific circumstances that occur in the investigation of certain criminal offenses. That is, the algorithmization of the criminal proceedings for a particular category of offenses should be the main task of forensic scientists. At the same time, it is necessary to understand that it is impossible to build an algorithm of actions without identifying certain situations that may arise during the investigation. Criminal proceedings for group violations of public order are no exception. These acts violate public order and are quite difficult to distinguish from the accompanying acts: riots and hooliganism. And it is thanks to the correct course of action of police officers at the initial stage of the investigation that the greatest possible amount of evidence will be gathered. The author supports the position of scholars who formulate a typical investigative situation as a set of conditions that are objectively formed in the investigation of criminal offenses, create a unique situation at a given time, which poses the investigator the problem of choosing the appropriate course of action and tactical decisions. After analyzing the above situations and factors influencing their formation, as well as materials of criminal proceedings, the author formulated the following typical investigative situations in the investigation of a group violation of public order: persons who committed a group violation were detained at the scene, the victim witnesses, eyewitnesses and available material traces of a criminal act; persons who have committed a group violation of public order, disappeared from the scene and are known only by appearance, available witnesses and material traces of a criminal act; traces of illegal actions were found, the offenders are unknown, witnesses were found at the scene.
Assessment of initial information and scope of circumstances, to be established during the investigation of fraud in the purchase and sale of goods via Internet: certain aspects
Authors: Chuchko Serhiy
Published: June 2021

The article examines certain aspects of assessing the initial information and the range of circumstances to be established in the investigation of fraud in the sale and purchase of goods via the Internet. The current regulatory legal acts governing the procedural procedure for obtaining and registering information about criminal offenses are analyzed and the sources that most often contain information about the commission of fraud when buying and selling goods via the Internet are considered separately. The ways, order and problematic issues faced by practitioners in obtaining and evaluating initial information are determined. Investigated the circumstances that are subject to proof and establishment in the investigation of fraud in the sale and purchase of goods via the Internet. It is concluded that the greatest difficulties in assessing the initial information about fraud in the sale of goods over the Internet, arise during the determination of preliminary legal qualifications, which further affects the pre-trial investigation, as well as the choice of procedural measures will further carry out within the limits of investigation of a criminal offense. The circumstances to be proved and established during the investigation of fraud in the sale of goods via the Internet are considered. Taking into account the systematic analysis of legislation, research of scientific works, research results of investigative and judicial practice, as well as surveys of practitioners, the circumstances to be established during the investigation of fraud in the sale of goods via the Internet, it is proposed to divide into: circumstances relating to the event fraud in the purchase and sale of goods via the Internet; circumstances concerning the identity of the victim and the offender; causal circumstances; other circumstances.
АТФ-ЗАВИСИМЫЕ ПУТИ РЕГУЛЯЦИИ СИГНАЛЛИНГА СКЕЛЕТНЫХ МЫШЦ И ИХ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ С ГЕННОЙ ЭКСПРЕССИЕЙ ПРИ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ РАЗГРУЗКЕ: РОЛЬ «МЕДЛЕННОГО» КАЛЬЦИЯ
Authors:   ГНЦ РФ Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН, Немировская Т.Л.
Published: June 2021

Целью обзора является описание механизмов работы АТФ-зависимых путей регуляции сигналлинга скелетных мышц при их функциональной разгрузке. Особое внимание уделяется описанию роли паннексиновых каналов, P2Y-пуринэргических рецепторов и IP3-рецепторов в активации специфических транскрипционных сигнальных программ m. soleus при ее функциональной разгрузке. Известно, что при функциональной разгрузке мышц происходит накопление макроэргических фосфатов (АТФ, креатинфосфата) и ионов Ca в мышечных волокнах. Ранее показано, что введение при моделировании функциональной разгрузки препарата, снижающего в мышце уровень макроэргических фосфатов, а также уровень кальция, предотвращает трансформацию мышечных волокон в «быструю» сторону и снижает степень ее атрофии. Предлагаемый обзор описывает возможные механизмы, с помощью которых АТФ достигает рецепторов, воспринимающих этот сигнал, а также способ его передачи для запуска «медленного» Ca2+-сигнала, участвующего в активации специфических транскрипционных программ в мышце при моделировании ее функциональной разгрузки.
БИОСЕНСОРНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ АНТИБИОТИКОВ
Authors:   Институт биохимии и физиологии растений и микроорганизмов РАН, Гулий О.И. ,   Саратовский государственный аграрный университет им. Н.И. Вавилова, Зайцев Б.Д. ,   Саратовский филиал Института радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Алсовэйди А.К.М. ,   Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет им. Н.Г. Чернышевского, Караваева О.А. ,   Институт биохимии и физиологии растений и микроорганизмов РАН, Ловцова Л.Г. ,   Саратовский государственный аграрный университет им. Н.И. Вавилова, Бородина И.А. ,   Саратовский филиал Института радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН
Published: June 2021

Антибиотики широко применяются в медицине, ветеринарии и пищевой промышленности. Однако активное использование антибактериальных препаратов приводит к загрязнению окружающей среды. В связи с этим существует большая потребность в мониторинге и определении антибиотиков в различных средах, таких как питьевая вода, продукты питания, напитки, сточные воды фармацевтических предприятий и др. Для определения антибиотиков разработано достаточное количество методов, в том числе и на основе биосенсоров. Биосенсорые методы анализа имеют довольно широкое применение и являются неотъемлемой частью при экологическом мониторинге. Наиболее востребованными для анализа антибиотиков являюся электрохимические, оптические, акустические, микробные биосенсоры, иммуно- и аптасенсоры, а также сенсоры на основе молекулярно-импринтированных полимеров. В статье приводится краткий обзор биосенсорных методов и подходов для определения антибиотиков. Проведен анализ наиболее перспективных биосенсорных систем при определении антибактериальных препаратов.
НАНОСТРУКТУРНЫЕ БИОСЕНСОРЫ НА ОСНОВЕ КОМПОНЕНТОВ БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ МЕМБРАН
Authors:   Тихоокеанский институт биоорганической химии им. Г.Б. Елякова ДВО РАН, Новикова О.Д. , Набережных Г.А. ,   Тихоокеанский институт биоорганической химии им. Г.Б. Елякова ДВО РАН, Сергеев А.А, ,   Институт автоматики и процессов управления ДВО РАН
Published: June 2021

Белковые молекулы обладают уникальным свойством передачи материала и/или информации через непроницаемый барьер, которым является липидный бислой. Эта своеобразная роль клеточных «привратников» особенно интересна для целей нанобиотехнологии, поскольку мембранные белки могут с успехом использоваться для связи между двумя различными средами, разделенными липидным бислоем. В настоящем обзоре описаны структурные особенности и свойства трансмембранных белков как наиболее перспективных компонентов современных биосенсорных устройств. Приведены также методы формирования липидных бислоев, прикрепленных к твердой поверхности, и способы получения жесткой белковой «арматуры», которые позволяют реконструировать и сохранять используемые белки в функционально активной конформации по отношению к широкому спектру определяемых аналитов. Высокая селективность и специфичность белковых молекул в распознавании рецепторов или лигандов делает их незаменимыми для биомедицинского анализа и молекулярной диагностики.
ВОЗМОЖНЫЙ МЕХАНИЗМ МОДУЛЯЦИИ КОРОТКИМИ ПЕПТИДАМИ МЕДЛЕННЫХ НАТРИЕВЫХ КАНАЛОВ МЕМБРАНЫ СЕНСОРНОГО НЕЙРОНА
Authors:   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Рогачевский И.В. , Калинина А.Д. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Пеннияйнен В.А. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Терехин С.Г. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Подзорова С.А. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Крылов Б.В. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Плахова В.Б. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН
Published: June 2021

Исследованы возможные механизмы лиганд-рецепторного связывания аргининсодержащих тетрапептидов с каналами NaV1.8 первичного сенсорного нейрона. Установлено, что тетрапептид Ac-RERR-NH2, действующий с наружной стороны нейрональной мембраны, снижает потенциалочувствительность исследуемых каналов. В отличие от этого тетрапептид Ac-REАR-NH2 не обладает такой способностью. Применение конформационного анализа для объяснения механизма лиганд-рецепторного связывания ряда коротких пептидов, исследованных нами в настоящей работе, позволило предположить, что ключевую роль здесь играют положительно заряженные гуанидиновые группы боковых цепей двух аргинильных остатков. Между этими остатками должен находиться еще один аминокислотный остаток, в нашем случае - глутаминовая кислота. Расчеты показывают, что механизм лиганд-рецепторного связывания не может быть реализован, когда указанные гуанидиновые группы в молекулах коротких пептидов оказываются на расстоянии, меньшем определенного порогового значения. Полученные данные позволяют заключить, что тетрапептид Ac-RERR-NH2, равно как и ряд других пептидов, способных к связыванию с каналом NaV1.8 по тому же механизму, могут претендовать на роль лекарственных субстанций анальгетиков периферического механизма действия.
ГЕНЕРАЦИЯ СУПЕРОКСИДНЫХ РАДИКАЛОВ МИТОХОНДРИЯМИ СЕРДЦА И ДЕЙСТВИЕ ДИНИТРОЗИЛЬНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСОВ ЖЕЛЕЗА И ФЕРРИТИНА
Authors:   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Медведева В.А. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России, Иванова М.В. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России, Шумаев К.Б. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России,   ФИЦ «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» РАН, Дудылина А.Л. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России, Рууге Э.К. ,   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России
Published: June 2021

БИОФИЗИКА КЛЕТКИОдной из причин риска развития различного рода патологий считаются нарушения в функционировании митохондрий, которые могут быть обусловлены чрезмерным образованием токсичных форм кислорода и азота в состоянии окислительного стресса. Продукция этих активных форм в живых организмах происходит постоянно в результате действия ферментных систем, а также в ходе окислительно-восстановительных реакций, например, таких как катализируемые ионами железа реакции Фентона и Габера-Вейса. В литературе появляется все больше данных о связи метаболизма ферритина, активных форм кислорода, оксида азота и динитрозильных комплексов железа, а также о важной роли динитрозильных комплексов железа в механизмах антиоксидантной защиты. С помощью ЭПР-спектроскопии спиновых ловушек, спектрофотометрии и полярографии проведено исследование прооксидантных и антиоксидантых свойств динитрозильных комплексов железа и ферритина в супероксидгенерирующих системах: митохондриях сердца и системе ксантин-ксантиноксидаза. Показано, что динитрозильные комплексы железа с глутатионовыми лигандами перехватывают реакционноспособные свободные радикалы в системах, моделирующих окислительный стресс в клетках сердечной мышцы. В этих условиях ферритин стимулировал разрушение динитрозильных комплексов железа. Полученные данные указывают на антиоксидантное и антирадикальное действие динитрозильных комплексов железа и, напротив, прооксидантный эффект ферритина.
РОЛЬ КВАНТОВОГО ТУННЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ИОНОВ В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ СЕРДЕЧНЫХ АРИТМИЙ, ОБУСЛОВЛЕННЫХ КАНАЛОПАТИЯМИ, ИШЕМИЕЙ И МЕХАНИЧЕСКИМ РАСТЯЖЕНИЕМ
Authors:   Иорданский университет, Касвал А.Б.
Published: June 2021

Сердечные аритмии вызывают значительную заболеваемость и смертность среди пациентов. Было выявлено, что с сердечными аритмиями связаны многие патологические нарушения. Понимание того, как такие нарушения способствуют патогенезу сердечной аритмии, важно для улучшения терапевтических результатов. В данном исследовании для изучения влияния некоторых патологических процессов, таких как каналопатии, ишемия и механическое растяжение, на патогенез сердечных аритмий была использована модель квантового туннелирования ионов через закрытые каналы. Было обнаружено, что в случае, когда эти патологии уменьшают пороговую свободную энергию натриевых потенциалзависимых каналов, происходит существенная деполяризация мембранного потенциала, указывающая на значительную квантовую проводимость, обусловленную значительной вероятностью туннелирования ионов натрия через закрытые каналы. Эта деполяризация предрасполагает сердечную мышцу к повышенной возбудимости и, как следствие, к аритмиям. Такая модель может быть применена к другим типам ионов, таким как ионы калия и кальция, другим типам каналов, другим возбудимым тканям, таким как нейроны и волокна скелетных мышц, а также к другим патологическим состояниям, которые влияют на целостность клеточной мембраны. Она может облегчить понимание ряда расстройств, связанных с патологической возбудимостью.
ЭФФЕКТЫ ФАЗОЗАВИСИМОЙ ЧРЕСКОЖНОЙ СТИМУЛЯЦИИ СПИННОГО МОЗГА В РЕГУЛЯЦИИ КИНЕМАТИКИ ШАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ ДВИЖЕНИЙ ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Authors:   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Богачева И.Н. , Щербакова Н.А. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Савохин А.А. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Гришин А.А. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Герасименко Ю.П. ,   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН
Published: June 2021

Исследовалось влияние чрескожной электрической стимуляции спинного мозга на кинематические параметры движений ипсилатеральной и контралатеральной ноги у здоровых испытуемых при ходьбе по беговой дорожке (1.5-1.7 км/ч). Стимулирующие электроды располагались на 2.5 см латеральнее средней линии спинного мозга с правой и левой стороны на уровне L1 и T11 позвонков. Во время фазы опоры применяли стимуляцию на уровне L1 с частотой 15 Гц, затем во время фазы переноса - на уровне T11 с частотой 30 Гц, далее следовала чередующаяся стимуляция L1 и T11. Влияние стимуляции в фазе переноса (T11) было более эффективным, чем в фазе опоры (L1), а наибольшее изменение кинематических параметров наблюдалось при сочетании стимуляции L1 и T11. При ритмической стимуляции с одной стороны в шаге ипсилатеральной ноги увеличивалась амплитуда изменения углов в тазобедренном, коленном и/или голеностопном суставах, длина переноса и высота подъема ноги. В шаге контралатеральной ноги наблюдались схожие, но менее выраженные изменения параметров. Увеличение продолжительности стимуляции в фазе переноса на 10% вызывало изменения кинематических параметров шага ипси- и контралатеральной ноги. Максимальный эффект наблюдался при двусторонней чередующейся стимуляции. Полученные данные показывают, что применение фазозависимой чрескожной электрической стимуляции спинного мозга с учетом естественной синергии может быть инструментом управления кинематическими параметрами движения.