bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historical and future contributions of inland waters to the Congo basin carbon balance
Authors: Hastie Adam , Lauerwald Ronny , Ciais Philippe , Papa Fabrice , Regnier Pierre
Published: March 2020

Abstract. As the second largest area of contiguous tropical rainforest and second largest river basin in the world, the Congo basin has a significant role to play in the global carbon (C) cycle. Inventories suggest that terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP) and C storage in tree biomass has increased in recent decades in intact forests of tropical Africa, due in large part to a combination of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate change, while rotational agriculture and logging have caused C losses. For the present day, it has been shown that a significant proportion of global terrestrial NPP is transferred laterally to the land-ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC) as dissolved CO2, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC). Whilst the importance of LOAC fluxes in the Congo basin has been demonstrated for the present day, it is not known to what extent these fluxes have been perturbed historically, how they are likely to change under future climate change and land use scenarios, and in turn what impact these changes might have on the overall C cycle of the basin. Here we apply the ORCHILEAK model to the Congo basin and show that 4% of terrestrial NPP (NPP = 5,800 ± 166 Tg C yr−1) is currently exported from soils to inland waters. Further, we found that aquatic C fluxes have undergone considerable perturbation since 1861 to the present day, with aquatic CO2 evasion and C export to the coast increasing by 26 % (186 ± 41 Tg C yr−1 to 235 ± 54 Tg C yr−1) and 25 % (12 ± 3 Tg C yr−1 to 15 ± 4 Tg C yr−1) respectively, largely because of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Moreover, under climate scenario RCP 6.0 we predict that this perturbation will continue; over the full simulation period (1861–2099), we estimate that aquatic CO2 evasion and C export to the coast will increase by 79 % and 67 % respectively. Finally, we show that the proportion of terrestrial NPP lost to the LOAC also increases from approximately 3 % to 5 % from 1861–2099 as a result of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate change.
A global monthly climatology of oceanic total dissolved inorganic carbon: a neural network approach
Authors: Broullón Daniel , Pérez Fiz F. , Velo Lanchas Antón , Hoppema Mario , Olsen Are , Takahashi Taro , Key Robert M. , Tanhua Toste , Santana-Casiano J. Magdalena , Kozyr Alex
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Anthropogenic emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere have modified the carbon cycle for more than two centuries. As the ocean stores most of the carbon on our planet, there is an important task in unraveling the natural and anthropogenic processes that drive the carbon cycle at different spatial and temporal scales. We contribute to this by designing a global monthly climatology of total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) which offers a robust basis in carbon cycle modeling but also for other studies related to this cycle. A feedforward neural network (dubbed NNGv2LDEO) was configured to extract from the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2.2019 (GLODAPv2.2019) and the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) datasets the relations between TCO2 and a set of variables related to the former’s variability. The global root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of mapping TCO2 is relatively low for the two datasets (GLODAPv2.2019: 7.2 µmol kg−1; LDEO: 11.4 µmol kg−1) and also for independent data, suggesting that the network does not overfit possible errors in data. The ability of NNGv2LDEO in capturing the monthly variability of TCO2 was testified through the good reproduction of the seasonal cycle in ten time-series stations spread over different regions of the ocean (RMSE: 3.6 to 13.1 µmol kg−1). The climatology was obtained by passing through NNGv2LDEO the monthly climatological fields of temperature, salinity and oxygen from World Ocean Atlas 2013, and phosphate, nitrate and silicate computed from a neural network fed with the previous fields. The resolution is 1º x 1º in the horizontal, 102 depth levels (0–5500 m) and monthly (0–1500 m) to annual (1550–5500 m), and it is centered in the year 1995. The uncertainty of the climatology is low when compared with climatological values derived from measured TCO2 in the largest time-series stations. Furthermore, a computed climatology of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) from a previous climatology of total alkalinity and the present one of TCO2 supports the robustness of this product through the good correlation with a widely used pCO2 climatology (Landschützer et al., 2016). Our TCO2 climatology is distributed through the data repository of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC; http://dx.doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/10551, Broullón et al., 2020).
The NExus Solutions Tool (NEST) v1.0: an open platform for optimizing multi-scale energy–water–land system transformations
Authors: Vinca Adriano , Parkinson Simon , Byers Edward , Burek Peter , Khan Zarrar , Krey Volker , Diuana Fabio A. , Wang Yaoping , Ilyas Ansir , Köberle Alexandre C. , Staffell Iain , Pfenninger Stefan , Muhammad Abubakr , Rowe Andrew , Schaeffer Roberto , Rao Narasimha D. , Wada Yoshihide , Djilali Ned , Riahi Keywan
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The energy–water–land nexus represents a critical leverage future policies must draw upon to reduce trade-offs between sustainable development objectives. Yet, existing long-term planning tools do not provide the scope or level of integration across the nexus to unravel important development constraints. Moreover, existing tools and data are not always made openly available or are implemented across disparate modeling platforms that can be difficult to link directly with modern scientific computing tools and databases. In this paper, we present the NExus Solutions Tool (NEST): a new open modeling platform that integrates multi-scale energy–water–land resource optimization with distributed hydrological modeling. The new approach provides insights into the vulnerability of water, energy and land resources to future socioeconomic and climatic change and how multi-sectoral policies, technological solutions and investments can improve the resilience and sustainability of transformation pathways while avoiding counterproductive interactions among sectors. NEST can be applied at different spatial and temporal resolutions, and is designed specifically to tap into the growing body of open-access geospatial data available through national inventories and the Earth system modeling community. A case study analysis of the Indus River basin in south Asia demonstrates the capability of the model to capture important interlinkages across system transformation pathways towards the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, including the intersections between local and regional transboundary policies and incremental investment costs from rapidly increasing regional consumption projected over the coming decades.
Hydrograph separation: an impartial parametrisation for an imperfect method
Authors: Pelletier Antoine , Andréassian Vazken
Published: March 2020

Abstract. This paper presents a new method for hydrograph separation. It is well-known that all hydrological methods aiming at separating streamflow into baseflow – its slow or delayed component – and quickflow – its non-delayed component – present large imperfections, and we do not claim to provide here a perfect solution. However, the method described here is at least (i) impartial in the determination of its two parameters (a quadratic reservoir capacity and a response time), (ii) coherent in time (as assessed by a split-sample test) and (iii) geologically coherent (an exhaustive validation on 1664 French catchments shows a good match with what we know of France's hydrogeology). With these characteristics, the method can be used to perform a general assessment of hydroclimatic memory of catchments. Last, an R package is provided to ensure reproducibility of the results presented.
Man In A Hat: Martin Balsam And The Refining Of Male Character Acting In American Films, 1957-1976
Authors: McGuire John Thomas
Published: March 2020

This article attempts a definition at what constitutes “character acting” in mainstream cinema in the United States and argues that throughout the peak of his film career—roughly, 1957 through 1976--Martin Balsam refined the definition of male character acting in American film, a parameter previously established by such skilled practitioners as Eugene Pallette and Claude Rains.  Balsam did this through his ability to portray what can be termed “a man in a hat” portrayals: tartly humorous, reliable, and sometimes authoritative supporting characters, usually wearing a chapeau.  This is clearly seen in such performances as the private investigator in Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho (1960) and most interestingly, a partner in an unusual subway hijacking in Joseph Sargent’s The Taking of Pelham One, Two, Three (1974).
Cinema And Society In The Light Of Emile Zola’s Naturalism
Authors: Karbalaeetaher Hossein Shahin
Published: March 2020

This study will seek to discuss the essential impact of Emile Zola’s naturalism regarding the role of cinema in projecting social issues. To be clear on how cinema has got involved with social issues and has become an effective art form for distributing social messages and encouraging social changes, this study first will give a detailed historical background on the relationship between cinema itself and society. Then, it will elaborate on Emile Zola's naturalistic literature role as the first serious endeavors to raise social awareness through art and literature in the late nineteenth century. Finally, this study will focus on the first cinematic movement with an emphasis on the depiction of the working class' real life and revealing inequalities and injustices in a society based on Zola’s naturalism.
Music and sound in documentary film communication: an exploration of Une Affaire de Nègres and Chef!
Authors: Animbom Ngong Paul
Published: March 2020

This paper examines the function of music and sound as important elements of documentary film communication. It considers the soundtrack to have equal value as the visual track. This is even more appalling when sound is viewed as an aesthetic constituent of a film or as acoustic signs with equal communicative value as visual signs. Two films are used to show the role music and sound play in facilitating comprehension in a documentary film. Focusing particularly on testimonies, narrative commentary, filmic silence and music, the study shows how documentary films provide a unique medium to engage an audience in a story of facts and provides a unique vehicle for information transmission. The success of these two films among mainstream audiences indicates the power of a thoughtful and intentional soundtrack which accentuates the subject without dictating it and provides examples of a utilisation of music to build an emotional connection between the audience and the film’s subject matter.
Creating a Rising Tide: Improving Social and Emotional Learning Across California
Authors: Vance Femi , Goldberg Rebecca
Published: March 2020

Given the recent emphasis on social and emotional development, many professionals who manage, develop, or influence expanded learning systems are beginning to ask, “How do we better prepare staff to promote social and emotional development?” California has adopted a statewide professional development strategy for publicly-funded expanded learning programs that is designed to raise awareness of the importance of social and emotional learning (SEL) among practitioners and build tools for the field to support implementation. The strategy—led by a partnership among a state agency, expanded learning intermediaries, and funders—combines leadership development, field-building initiatives, and program-level supports. It also complements the current expanded learning system. In this article, we describe the statewide strategy and discuss how it addresses workforce challenges, the core levers that California used to develop the strategy, and why and how the state-level leadership prioritized social and emotional learning. We conclude the article with lessons learned about collaboration, implementation, and assessing impact.
Sustaining Passion: Findings from an Exploratory Study of the OST Program Workforce
Authors: Hall Georgia S. , DeSouza Lisette , Starr Elizabeth , Wheeler Kathryn , Schleyer Kathy
Published: March 2020

It has long been understood that high-quality staffing is a major contributor to achieving positive outcomes for children and youth in out-of-school time (OST) programs. Yet, information on the current OST program workforce is outdated and understudied. The purpose of this study was to explore, via a convenience sample of OST program workers, the perceived features of the OST field and the relative importance of these features to workers in the field. The researchers were particularly interested in OST worker perception of features that may typically be associated with longevity in a profession. Improving understanding of the perceptions of the OST workforce may help employers to foster the work environments, staffing structures, compensation approaches, and professional development experiences that influence high-quality workers to stay in the field. The study findings illuminate the significance that workers in the OST field attach to passion for a field of work, and the central importance to them of building relationships with and fostering positive and healthy development for children.
Preparing Capable Youth Workers: The Project Youth Extension Service Approach
Authors: Silliman Benjamin , Edwards Harriett C. , Johnson James C.
Published: March 2020

The Project Youth Extension Service (YES!) college student internship integrates pre-service training on youth worker competencies with a year or more of practice experience in leading positive youth development programs for military youth impacted by the military deployment process. For nearly a decade, interns have reported significant improvement in 37 behavioral competencies, with 24 indicators improving .50 or more on a 5-point scale. Areas of greatest growth include practices critical to youth worker effectiveness and program quality: self-regulation, interaction, and adaptation in high-intensity settings. Qualitative comments indicate growth in personal maturity (e.g., composure, flexibility, openness to feedback) as well as professional growth (e.g., listening, organization, presentation, teamwork), and empathy for youth and families under stress. Intern growth was also observed by trainers and mentors. Program feedback from youth and event coordinators was consistently positive. Interns also benefited from working with a career mentor. Blended online and on-site training, episodic scheduling, and scaffolded leadership offer effective and efficient methods for programming and professional development. Findings point to the value of intensive and extended training focused on experiential learning, critical reflection, and mentoring, together with background knowledge on military culture, military family life, and youth development. The program model, full results, conclusions, recommendations for practice, and opportunities for improvement are discussed.
Naturaleza y Americanidad en Altazor de Vicente Huidobro
Authors: Lopez Alejo
Published: March 2020

abstract: Part of the Latin American criticism built on Vicente Huidobro's figure the image of a French poet from his condition of bilingual writer, and especially from the unavoidable frame of the European Avant-garde in which most of his work inscribes. More than sixteen years in Europe, his participation in the avant-garde circles and, especially, a work that wanders freely between French and Spanish, make of Huidobro an errant figure, a writer between borders that hinders any submission to categories as those of nationality or language. From these crossroad established by his work and its critical reception we propose to analyze Altazor, one of Huidobro's most consecrated poems, in order to show how the poem is governed by a Latin American stamp that identifies the experience of Nature as maximum genesic force with the American space. This americanity based on the driving (in his Freudian meaning of Trieb) nature of the continent appears in Huidobro´s work directly opposed to the funereal space of postwar Europe, and turns, therefore, into the perfect place to face up the creationist task of his poetry.
resumen: Gran parte de la crítica latinoamericana construyó sobre la figura de Vicente Huidobro la imagen de un poeta de lengua francesa a partir de su condición de escritor bilingüe y, sobre todo, a partir del marco insoslayable de las vanguardias históricas europeas en el que se inscribe la mayor parte de la obra del poeta chileno. Más de dieciséis años en Europa, su participación en los círculos vanguardistas y, especialmente, una obra que deambula libremente entre el francés y el español, hacen del poeta chileno una figura errante, un escritor entre fronteras que dificultan cualquier sometimiento a categorías como las de la nacionalidad o la lengua. A partir de esta encrucijada que establece la obra y la recepción crítica de la misma, el presente trabajo se propone analizar Altazor, uno de los más consagrados poemas de Huidobro, con el fin de mostrar cómo el mismo está regido por una impronta americana que identifica la experiencia íntima de la Naturaleza, en tanto máxima fuerza genesíaca, con el espacio americano. Esta americanidad fundada en la naturaleza pulsional del continente aparece en Huidobro directamente opuesta al espacio tanático de la europa de posguerra, y se convierte así en el espacio ideal para desarrollar la labor creacionista de su poesía.
La Pampa y sus hijos: el problema de la extensión en la literatura gauchesca
Authors: Pérez Trujillo Axel
Published: March 2020

Abstract: The problem of extension is a nuclear theme in Argentine gaucho literature, and it allows a particular reading of the development of cultural identity of Argentina utilizing as support the impact of the Pampa as an element of nature that resists domestication. To that end, the role of gauchos as prominent figures in literature gains a profound meaning in the crossroads between realism and fantasy, between the threat of the real and the imaginary, that is present in the Argentine Pampa.
Resumen: El problema de la extensión es un tema central en la literatura gauchesca y permite hacer una lectura del desarrollo de la identidad cultural de Argentina empleando como contrapunto el impacto de la Pampa como elemento de la naturaleza que resiste domesticación. A ese efecto, el papel de los gauchos en tanto figuras sobresalientes en la literatura cobra un profundo significado en la encrucijada entre realismo y fantasía, entre la amenaza de lo real y la imaginación, que está presente en la Pampa argentina.
La música popular como arena de negociación en la literatura cubana posrevolucionaria
Authors: Espinoza Telba
Published: March 2020

RESUMEN
Partiendo de una definición política de música popular, es decir, como una expresión cultural que no es ajena a conflictos de poder e intereses entre diversos grupos, este artículo examina la forma en la que se trata la música popular en Ella cantaba boleros de Cabrera Infante. De manera específica indaga si en este texto se muestra a la música popular como una arena en negociación constante, en donde diversos grupos sociales siempre están tratando de atribuirle su propio significado para que su particular “visión del mundo” domine sobre las demás; o si por el contrario, se asume que la música popular es un símbolo de identidad colectiva que diluye desigualdades, diferencias y que cobija a toda una colectividad bajo un mismo símbolo de identidad nacional.
ABSTRACT
Taking as a central point of analysis a political understanding of popular music; that is to say, as an arena of struggle among various groups, this article explores how popular music is approached in Ella cantaba boleros by Cabrera Infante. Specifically, this article explores if the text shows that popular music is an arena of constant negotiation; that is, as a cultural space that several groups use as a means to make their own views of the world appear as natural, or on the contrary, if it portrays popular music as a symbol of national identity that embraces everyone, and dissolves inequalities and differences.
Entre la Historia y la ficción. Algunos temas en Yo el Supremo de Augusto Roa Bastos.
Authors: Peña Arroyave Alejandro
Published: March 2020

Resumen: El escrito presenta un acercamiento a la novela Yo el supremo del escritor paraguayo Augusto Roa Bastos. En un primer momento se toma como punto de partida la filiación de la narrativa de Roa Bastos con el humanismo del existencialismo del siglo XX, entendiendo su labor de escritor en compromiso con el dolor humano y con su propio tiempo. A la luz de esto, en los siguientes momentos del escrito se abordan problemas tales como la obsesión con el poder absoluto y la anulación de la otredad caracterizada por un discurso en el que las distintas voces son absorbidas en el monólogo del dictador y que por ello mismo quedan deformadas. Desde dicha deformación surge sin embargo una particular relación entre la ficción y la narración histórica. Con ello se indicaría, desde el punto de vista de la novela histórica, que la Historia no está exenta de la ficción, y que sin duda ésta tiene mucho que iluminar acerca de la Historia.
Abstract: The writing there presents an approximation to the novel I, the Supreme one of the Paraguayan writer Augusto Roa Bastos. At first takes as its starting point the parentage of the narrative of Roa Bastos with humanism of existentialism of the twentieth century, understanding his writing in commitment to human pain and his own time. From this, at the following times of writing problems such as obsession with absolute power and cancellation of otherness characterized by a speech in which different voices are absorbed in the monologue of the dictator are addressed and therefore thereof are deformed. From the above mentioned deformation a particular relation arises nevertheless between the fiction and the historical novel. Thereby would indicate that, from the point of view of the historical novel, the History is not exempt from the fiction, and that undoubtedly this one has great that to illuminate brings over of the History.
Reseña del libro: Más escuela y menos aula
Authors: Flores Aleida A
Published: March 2020

En tiempos de cambio, el análisis y las reflexiones respecto de la escuela y del aula, son necesarias porque contribuyen a la mejora educativa, en la medida en que es posible incorporar algunas nuevas propuestas. El texto que aquí se reseña, nos parece uno de los más acertados con respecto al análisis que realiza sobre la escuela. Se trata de la obra más reciente de Mariano Fernández Enguita, actual catedrático de Sociología en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, que es Más escuela y menos aula, texto que  precede a otros dos importantes libros: La larga y compleja marcha del CLIP al CLIC: Escuela y profesorado ante el nuevo entorno digital (2016), y Educar en tiempos inciertos (2009), en los que el autor reflexiona también sobre temas cruciales de educación
Parameters of antioxidant activity of Galega officinalis L. and Galega orientalis Lam. (Fabaceae Lindl.) plant raw material
Authors: Vergun Olena , Shymanska Oksana , Rakhmetov Dzhamal , Grygorieva Olga , Ivanišová Eva , Brindza Jan
Published: March 2020

The plant raw material of Galega officinalis L. (goat’s rue) and Galega orientalis Lam. (fodder galega) investigated in this study. These species are known as fodder crops with high productivity of green mass and as medicine plants. The current study was aimed to evaluate an accumulation in dry raw of selected plants the total content of phenolic acids (TPA) and flavonoids (TFC) as compounds with antioxidant activity (AA) by spectrophotometric method. AA by DPPH-method and phosphomolybdenum method (reducing power (RP)) was measured. Study of ethanolic extracts of G. officinalis showed accumulation of TPA in different organs in range from 3.65 to 15.17 mg.g-1 caffeic acid equivalent (CAE) and TFC from 10.08 to 65.75 mg.g-1 quercetin equivalent (QE), AA by DPPH-method from 6.02 to 8.45 mg.g-1 Trolox equivalent (TE) and RP of extracts by phosphomolybdenum method from 86.56 to 288.15 mg TE.g-1. In extracts of G. orientalis was identified TPA from 3.52 to 18.52 mg CAE.g-1 and TFC from 6.09 to 46.72 mg QE.g-1, antioxidant activity by DPPH-method from 6.80 to 8.48 mg TE.g-1 and antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdenum method from 52.52 to 188.51 mg TE.g-1. It was established that less concentration of studied compounds found in the stems for both species. It should be noted that the content of phenolic acids in the leaves was decreased and flavonoids in stems increased during vegetation for both species. Content of phenolic acids in the generative organs and flavonoids in the leaves decreased in raw of G. orientalis during vegetation. Pearson’s correlation analysis demonstrated very strong relations between TFC and AA by DPPH, TPA and RP, TFC and RP for G. officinalis extracts. Very strong correlation in the extracts of G. orientalis found between TFC and RP, TPA and RP. Obtained results can be used in the further biochemical and pharmacological study.
Comparison of the physico-chemical meat quality of the breeds Mangalitsa and Large white with regard to the slaughter weight
Authors: Imrich Ivan , Mlyneková Eva , Mlynek Juraj , Halo Marko , Kanka Tomáš
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of musculus longissimus dorsi in the breeds of Mangalitsa and Large White with regard to the slaughter weight. Large White (LW) breed and White Mangalitsa (Ma) breed were used in the experiment. The system of housing and feeding was the same in both of the monitored breeds. The pigs were fed with the same feeding mixture ad libitum. According to the slaughter weight, the pigs were divided into three groups: up to 100 kg, 101 – 110 kg and over 110 kg. The breed Ma had a significantly lower drip loss than the breed LW. Evaluating the color of the meat, the LW breed has showed significantly higher L* (lightness, white ±black) and lower a* (redness, red ± green) values than the Ma breed. Within the chemical meat composition, the Ma breed had a significantly higher water content in MLD compared to the LW breed. Generally, there were no major differences in the meat quality between the Mangalitsa and Large White breeds. Finally it can be concluded that the breed Mangalitsa showed more favorable values of the physico-chemical indicators. Comparing the quality of the meat with regard to the slaughter weight, there were no large differences between individual weight groups. A higher slaughter weight has positively influenced mainly the color of the meat, as pigs weighing more than 110 kg achieved a significantly lower value of L* and a higher value of a* in comparison to pigs of the lower weight. As a positive effect of a higher slaughter weight can be considered its effect on the protein content in the meat, as pigs weighing over 100 kg have a significantly higher protein content in the meat than pigs weighing below 100 kg.
Z-Score Application for Jordanian Islamic Banks
Authors: Qasim Yazan
Published: March 2020

This research primarily aims to utilise the Altman model of Z-score to examine the trend performance and predict bankruptcy among three Islamic banks in Jordan for the period of 2010-2016. Furthermore, it also aims to introduce the Z-score model as a beneficial diagnostic technique for possible causes standing behind the bank performance crises. The results of the Z-score model showed that the Jordan Dubai Islamic Bank (JDIB), Jordan Islamic Bank for Finance and Investment (JIBFI), and International Islamic Arabic Banks (IIAB) recorded safe zones in the period of study except for JDIB and IIAB which recorded a Grey zone in 2010, 2011, and 2012 and 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. The implication of this research is important to policymakers, managers, and investors who can use the information to monitor the safest bank among these three Islamic banks in Jordan based on the priority for lending that has to be done in the order of JIBFI, JDIB, and then IIAB. On the other hand, the Z-score was found to be a valid model to examine performance, and ratios utilised in computing the Z-score which was considered to provide workable instrumental indicators as well as being adopted to finance short-term and long-term projects by Jordanian Islamic banks.
Monitoring of railway vehicles and infrastructure by portable dynamic scale
Authors: Sekuła Krzysztof , Wiącek Dariusz , Motylewski Jerzy
Published: March 2020

The article presents the devices for monitoring loads in railway transport, developed and manufactured by the Adaptronica company. Dynamic scales utilize portable transducers fixed in a non-invasive way to the rail foot. Load identification is based on the measurements of rail deformations caused by a passing train. The article presents the results obtained during the monitoring of railway lines, characterized by significant intensity of train traffic. Histograms of axial load values of the tested vehicles were determined. The measurements’ results were verified with the results obtained with a reference static scale or with the results obtained during passage of locomotives with a given mass.
Keywords: portable dynamic rail scale, weight in motion, railway infrastructure monitoring
Knowledge base for wind farm devices in the computer expert system
Authors: Duer Radosław , Duer Stanisław , Drawski Lech
Published: March 2020

The article presents the issue of determining diagnostic information for the needs of testing the condition of wind farm equipment. To this end, the essence of the structure of an intelligent expert system was presented and described. The structure of the tested object is shown in the form of a functional and diagnostic model. Based on the developed model of the examined object, diagnostic information was determined in the form of a set of basic elements and a set of diagnostic signals, which are later used in the construction of an expert knowledge base. The expert knowledge base is determined by sets of facts and rules applied. An important part of this article is description of the structure of the expert system and the expert knowledge base used in it.
Keywords: wind farm, renewable energy, technical diagnostics, diagnostic inference, artificial intelligence
Evaluation of Static and Dynamic Stability of Spinal Cord Injuries: What Are the Gaps
Authors: Asiabi Hussein , Arazpour Mokhtar , Bahramizadeh Mahmoud , Karimi Mohammad Taghi
Published: March 2020

Background. Depending on the level of lesion, spinal cord injury (SCI) individuals have limited ability to stand and walk. They have to use various assistive devices to restore their abilities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of SCI individuals during walking and quiet standing.
Material and methods. Three groups: normal subjects and SCI individuals with complete and incomplete lesions, were enrolled. Stability of the subjects was evaluated based on center of pressure (COP) sways in quiet standing and spatiotemporal gait parameters in walking. The difference between the stability of normal and SCI subjects was determined by use of the two-sample t test. The correlation between the mean values of stability parameters in standing and walking and lesion level was determined by use of Pearson’s correlation.
Results. The stability of SCI subjects during quiet standing was better than that of normal subjects. How­ever, their dynamic stability was significantly less than normal subjects. The dynamic stability of complete and incomplete SCI subjects did not differ significantly (P-value<0.05). There was no correlation between lesion level and stability parameters.
Conclusion. 1. SCI individuals suffer mostly from lack of dynamic stability, which does not depend on their lesion levels. 2. It seems that this problem may be due to rehabilitation methods used to improve stability in these patients. 3. It is recommended that new methods of rehabilitation or assistive devices should be used to improve stability of these individuals.
INGESTÃO DE DICROMATO DE POTÁSSIO INDUZ ALTERAÇÕES MORFOLÓGICAS EM CARDIOMIÓCITOS DE RATOS
Authors: Magalhães Alan José Barbosa , Lorençoni Roselene Modolo Regueiro
Published: March 2020

The aim of this studywas to analyze the effects of diet’s potassium dichromate supplementation on cardiac muscle tissue morphology in rats. Forty male rats were used, divided into G0: basal diet, G1: basal diet + 12 mg.Kg-1potassium dichromate, G2: basal diet + 24 mg.Kg-1and G3: basal diet + 36 mg.Kg-1for 90 days. The animals were euthanized, with heart extraction for morphological analysis and fractal dimension analysis. Anova One-Way, Kruskall-Wallis, Tukey and Dunnwere used to compare the results, with p<0.05. There is no differences on body mass and heart mass. G1showed greater tissue inflammation of compared to G2 and G0. It was concluded that potassium dichromate generatesmorphological changes byproinflammatory effect in rat cardiomyocytes.
Corporação, redes técnicas e poder: a trajetória têmporo-espacial da Algar Telecom
Authors: Oliveira Fernando Fernandes de , Castilho Denis
Published: March 2020

Os grupos corporativos, nutridos por uma base territorial, se organizam em rede e mantém uma patente sinergia político-econômica com o Estado. As redes técnicas, nesse sentido, insurgem como elementos indispensáveis à configuração multidivisional das modernas corporações, com vistas a equalizar o padrão expansível da acumulação no âmbito de sua natureza multilocalizada. Com base nessas considerações, este texto analisa a trajetória e as práticas espaciais da Algar Telecom (antiga CTBC), uma subsidiária do Grupo Algar, corporação com espesso histórico de atuação no Triângulo Mineiro. Os procedimentos metodológicos basearam-se em análise de anuários estatísticos do IBGE, relatórios da Telebrás, publicações históricas, relatórios do Grupo Algar e mapeamento. O estudo mostra que as redes técnicas se constituem como instrumentos inseparáveis à organização espacial de uma corporação multilocalizada como a Algar Telecom, seja no contexto intra empresa, no externo imediato, no que toca às amarrações políticas ao no conjunto das ações que se fazem sentir à distância.
Compartimentação do relevo baseada em parâmetros morfométricos: uma análise da região do extremo oeste da Bahia
Authors: Ferreira André Barbosa Ribeiro , Fonseca Bráulio Magalhães , Pereira Gabriel
Published: March 2020

O sensoriamento remoto e as técnicas de geoprocessamento se tornaram tecnologias otimizadoras dos estudos ambientais e de diversos outros ramos da ciência. O estudo aqui apresentado possui o objetivo de identificar as áreas com maior susceptibilidade à dissecação e a partir disso possibilitar maiores análises, sobretudo no que se refere ao planejamento ambiental. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa utilizou-se o Índice Global de Dissecação do Relevo, proposta a partir da utilização e sobreposição de três parâmetros geomorfométricos. Os resultados obtidos apontaram que as áreas mais susceptíveis a dissecação encontram-se na faixa transicional entre o planalto da Serra Geral e a Depressão São Franciscana, principalmente onde ocorrem maiores concentrações de rugosidade.
Análise da Complexidade Ciclomática como Apoio ao Processo de Desenvolvimento do Pensamento Algorítmico
Authors: Ajala Vinícius , da Silva Denilson Rodrigues , Santos Cristina Paludo , Rolim Carlos Oberdan
Published: March 2020

Uma das premissas para se estabelecer a base do pensamento algoritmico é a preocupação pela melhor solução possível para determinado problema. O presente trabalho propõe um modelo computacional descritivo que aplica complexidade ciclomática para auxiliar o aluno a desenvolver soluções algorítmicas através da demonstração do quão distante esteve a sua solução com relação à solução considerada referencial. Como contribuições do trabalho pode-se destacar uma ferramenta concebida a partir do modelo proposto com vistas ao fortalecimento dos métodos de ensino e a sedimentação da teoria e obtenção de melhores resultados no aprendizado.
Challenges of Games Virtualization Applied to Educational
Authors: dos Santos Wilk Oliveira , da Silva Junior Clovis Gomes
Published: March 2020

Game Virtualization is a process of digital versions creation for traditional/physical games. In education, this process aims to create digital versions for traditional/ physical educational games, keeping psychological and pedagogical concepts from traditional version, as well as associate these concepts to contemporary game design elements. In this sense, this paper presents five challenges for Game Virtualization Applied to Educational Games: (i) design of methodologies for educational games virtualization, (i.i) design of methodologies for educational game evaluation, (i.ii) recommendation of resources for Educational Games Virtualization, (ii) multidisciplinary of Educational Games Virtualization, and (iii) professional training to Educational Games Virtualization.
Computação Aplicada à Educação Musical: desafios e perspectivas ao planejamento docente no contexto da Educação Inclusiva
Authors: Melo Amanda Meincke , Lopardo Carla Eugenia , de Melo Guilherme Moreira
Published: March 2020

O conteúdo de Música é obrigatório nas escolas brasileiras e deve ser oferecido em contexto educacional inclusivo. No entanto, faltam soluções que possibilitem ao professor de Música, com ou sem deficiência, identificar e reutilizar materiais didático-musicais para o seu planejamento em contextos educacionais inclusivos, que considerem as características e necessidades de seus alunos e a sua própria condição. Compromete-se, assim, a efetivação do uso de tecnologias digitais na Educação. Este artigo busca contribuir com esse cenário, apontando caminhos para lidar com o desafio da efetivação do uso das tecnologias digitais na educação, com ênfase no planejamento docente no contexto da Educação Musical Inclusiva.
Discussão sobre a Adaptabilidade em Ambientes U-learning baseada em Estilos de Aprendizagem
Authors: Seixas Luma Da Rocha , de Melo Filho Ivanildo José , Gomes Alex Sandro
Published: March 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir com esta comunidade o processo de adaptabilidade nos ambientes de U-Learning. Tais ambientes precisam considerar a identificação das necessidades do usuário, tecnologias móveis bem como as diferentes situações de aprendizagem que podem ocorrer. É sabido que diferentes ambientes fazem uso de diferentes estratégias de reconhecimento de processo de adaptação baseado em perfis. A literatura enfatiza o caráter limitante deste tipo de reconhecimento nesses ambientes, principalment e por não considerar os diferentes estilos de aprendizagem dos aprendizes.
Em Direção à Orquestração de Experiências de Aprendizagem em Ambientes de U-Learning
Authors: de Oliveira Izautino Vanderley Pereira , de Melo Filho Ivanildo José , Gomes Alex Sandro
Published: March 2020

Este artigo é um trabalho em andamento que busca compreender e apresentar o conceito de orquestração em aprendizagem apoiada por tecnologia, da mesma forma que busca relacionar com os ambientes de U-Learning. Tais ambientes possuem uma gama heterogenia de recursos que dificultam a orquestração de experiências em situações de aprendizagem. A literatura aponta para a orquestração de experiências de aprendizagem como um dos grandes desafios em pesquisas de tecnologias educacionais, uma vez que a extensão de espaços de aprendizagem além da sala de aula gera desafios adicionais de orquestração para os professores.
Em Busca de um Framework Conceitual para Apoiar a Diversidade
Authors: Castro Alberto , Castro Thais , Menezes Crediné , Gadelha Bruno , Oliveira Elaine , Netto José
Published: March 2020

Neste artigo analisamos o cenário da Informática na Educação na perspectiva de seus grandes desafios, com foco nas questões relacionadas à diversidade de cenários, plataformas, organizações, objetivos, estratégias, pessoas e grupos envolvidos, argumentando a necessidade de um framework conceitual para refletir sobre os complexos elementos dessa questão. Situamos em tal contexto, a investigação em andamento pela comunidade de pesquisadores naárea, em particular o grupo Sistemas Inteligentes (GSI) associado ao Instituto de Computação da UFAM, buscando mostrar como tais iniciativas podem ser percebidas como elementos de um ecossistema e congregadas para mitigar o desafio da diversidade.
Desafios da Sustentabilidade Educacional e as contribuições da Tecnologia Cloud Computing
Authors: Piconez Stela C. Bertholo , Pereira Adalberto Bosco , Zimmer Josete M. , Piconez Filho Oscar Luiz
Published: March 2020

Este artigo discute futuras tendências de Educação com tecnologias que favoreçam o debate sobre as questões de Sustentabilidade Educacional e o suporte da tecnologia Cloud Computing. Da mesma forma, visa relacionar os dois elementos presentes, seus desafios e contribuições mútuas para abordar as possibilidades estratégicas de interação fundamentada por epistemologia complexa, criativa, transdisciplinar e transcultural. Objetiva o entendimento sobre os espaços formais, informais e corporativos e suas funções sociais relevantes como contribuição ao fortalecimento de cidadania global. Educação com tecnologias, em todos níveis e/ou modalidades de ensino, pode favorecer a interatividade e a interação quanto às possibilidades de intencionalidade educativa. Defende uma nova postura comunicacional, alicerçada na autoria do usuário, na lógica da interatividade e constantemente (re) significadas.
Dados Conectados na Educação
Authors: Pereira Crystiam K. , Siqueira Sean W. M. , Nunes Bernardo Pereira
Published: March 2020

O uso de Dados Conectados na Educação pode trazer avanços para a área de Informática na Educação. Entretanto, alguns obstáculos ainda precisam ser superados. Neste artigo nós os discutidos sob diferentes perspectivas, tais como a propriedade e a privacidade dos dados, a necessidade de políticas públicas para incentivar sua abertura e reutilização, as dificuldades na publicação e consumo de dados, bem como na construção de um cenário de inovação tecnológica na Educação através do uso de Dados Conectados. Finalmente, apresentamos também ações e indicadores de avaliação para avançar nesse cenário.
Modelagem de Engenharia da Cognição: Levantando o Cognoma Humano
Authors: Marques Carla Verônica M. , Oliveira Carlo E. T. , Motta Claudia L. R.
Published: March 2020

Estudar a cognição humana é aumentar o conhecimento sobre nós mesmos e abrir novas possibilidades para o aperfeiçoamento humano. A cognição é o mecanismo pelo qual se realiza todo o aprendizado, raciocínio e reflexão sobre qualquer conhecimento. O entendimento da cognição é um caminho crucial para haver um acesso justo e igualitário ao conhecimento e à compreensão do mundo que nos cerca. A criação de modelos cognitivos é um desafio complexo que envolve um esforço interdisciplinar, constituindo um vasto campo de pesquisa a ser explorado. O desenvolvimento de modelos cognitivos sólidos pode viabilizar todo um novo aspecto da interface homem-máquina. O computador passará de um acessório de luxo para um instrumento eficaz e poderoso nas mãos dos professores, tornando o seu trabalho mais produtivo e menos frustrante.
Arquitetura para Construção de Índices Ambientais Apoiada por Ontologias: um Estudo Exploratório sobre Qualidade do Ar
Authors: Belizario Mateus G. , Taques Ricardo M. , Farias Elizziane M. B. , Tacla Cesar A. , Berardi Rita C.
Published: March 2020

A elaboração de políticas públicas, muitas vezes, provém de um processo participativo. Assim, este projeto propõe o desenvolvimento de uma arquitetura que permita a usuários, tanto cidadãos quanto gestores, construir seus próprios índices ambientais, monitorá-los em tempo real e publicá-los em formato aberto. Pretende-se conceder aos cidadãos a possibilidade de acompanhar o nível de poluição da região em que têm interesse sem necessitar requisitar acesso a dados específicos fornecidos por instituições detentoras da informação. Para alcançar esse objetivo, propõe-se uma arquitetura que utiliza ontologias como forma de definir vocabulários e assim permitir o relacionamento semântico dos dados.
Um Ambiente de Apoio à Decisão baseado em Data Warehouse para a Área de Segurança Pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Santos Wagner , De Oliveira Daniel
Published: March 2020

As novas abordagens propostas para cidades inteligentes possuem o potencial de melhorar a vida dos cidadãos em diversos aspectos. Um desses aspectos é o aprimoramento das políticas de segurança pública, em especial nos grandes centros metropolitanos. A análise integrada de dados históricos de ocorrências de crimes ajuda, sem dúvida, na tomada de decisão, na previsão e até mesmo na prevenção de ocorrências. No entanto, o acesso a esses dados históricos de forma integrada pode não ser trivial, pois se faz necessário integrar bases de dados de diferentes organizações (e.g., bombeiros, polícia civil, polícia militar, etc). Neste artigo, apresentamos uma abordagem que visa integrar dados das diferentes organizações associadasá segurança pública de forma a prover um ambiente de apoio a decisão que possa de fato auxiliar especialistas em segurança a delinear suas ações. O arcabouço proposto é denominado CHORD (Criminal dasHbOaRd Decision making). Nesse artigo, instanciamos o CHORD para o cenário do estado do Rio de Janeiro, que vem sofrendo nosúltimos anos com um aumento significativo nos índices de criminalidade. A abordagem proposta é uma ferramenta promissora para auxiliar os departamentos de polícia na prevenção de crimes.
Uma Abordagem Baseada em Perfil e Recomendação para Relatar Problemas de Infraestrutura no contexto de Smart Campus
Authors: Pereira Elias , Gampert Gilberto , Rabello Roberto , Cervi Cristiano
Published: March 2020

Um smart campus remete a um campus onde modernas tecnologias da informação e comunicação trazem mais vantagens a vida no campus, ajudam os usuários a melhorar e realizar suas atividades diárias de forma mais eficiente, além de melhorar as interações sociais. Esse artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma abordagem baseada em personalização e recomendação, desenvolvida para dispositivos móveis, que oportuniza a usuários o apontamento de problemas de infraestrutura no contexto de smart campus, o acompanhamento da evolução da solução de problemas, bem como a interação com usuários que relataram os mesmos problemas.
Modelos de Maturidade da Capacidade SIG: Um Estudo de Caso Utilizando o Modelo GISCMM na Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre/RS
Authors: Linn Rodrigo , Oliveira José
Published: March 2020

O Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) é uma tecnologia com grande potencial de transformação para os governos. Desde 1999, o governo municipal de Porto Alegre, capital do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, deu início a uma série de ações para desenvolver e implementar um SIG corporativo. No entanto, há um enorme desequilíbrio no desenvolvimento em SIG entre os órgãos da Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre (PMPA). Nesse contexto, a proposta deste trabalho foi realizar uma análise comparativa entre três modelos de maturidade de capacidade SIG desenvolvidos para organizações públicas com o objetivo de identificar o modelo mais adequado para medir o nível de maturidade SIG dos órgãos da administração centralizada e descentralizada da Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre (PMPA).