bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRIME AGAINST WOMEN IN INDIA
Authors: P Preethi , M Dharshini , R Priyadharshini
Published: September 2021

— The main objective of this paper is to analyze the
crime which entails various violations against women both
quantitatively and qualitatively. Crime Against Women is a
public health Problem. A deep analysis is made on Crime
against women which will be helpful in understanding the
depth of the problem and to take further steps to stop crime
against women in India. Crime against women in India is
Increasing rapidly and it is essential to get rid of this
problem. The main aim is to analyze and find insights using
data manipulation and visualization techniques by applying
various tools of analytics and giving a clear idea about the
data and forecasting or predicting the future crime rate by
using the past data. Descriptive analysis using various
charts & graphs will be undertaken to perform data
visualization which helps to draw valid conclusions.
AUTOMATED ATTENDANCE SYSTEM WITH RFID THROUGH SMART CARD
Authors: D. Kadapure Namrata , R. Jamadar Tasnim , Bavachkar S G , A. Vharagar Sneha
Published: September 2021

Understudy participation is one of the
significant issues for universities, on the grounds that
numerous schools assess understudies' participation and
keeping in mind that giving the last grade, educators think
about their all-out number of appearances on classes
during the entire semester. A few universities like to utilize
paper sheet for controlling participation, while a few
schools like to utilize paper sheet for checking
understudies' participation and after this, round out these
data into a framework physically Generally understudies'
exhibition in examinations is relying upon the
participation. There is a need to foster framework that
diminishes trouble in examining the participation and
upgrade smooth working of schools, universities and
schools and to help the guardians. In our undertaking
portrays a short prologue to utilization of participation
framework and surveys some use of participation
framework and strategies of information recovery like
keen card, biometrics and RFID itself. This framework
would be material in gathering understudy participation in
homeroom utilizing aloof RFID innovation. Our task is
Monitoring of Student utilizing RFID. RFID represents
Radio Frequency Identification and Detection. In this we
are utilizing RFID peruser and contactless shrewd card.
PROPERTY EVALUATION OF HEMP – BAGASSE FIBER COMPOSITE – A REVIEW
Authors: Tholiya Paras , Deshmukh Dr. S.P.
Published: September 2021

Automobile industries move towards
manufacturing using sustainable material development
techniques to enhance fuel efficiency by increasing the
parts strength with lightweight material. Natural fiber
composite materials are one of the recent developing
materials used to apply for construction, electronics,
automobile sectors etc. In the present unsustainable
environment condition, the natural fiber composites serve
as a better material in terms of biodegradability, costeffectiveness, and has improved resistance. This
experimental study aims to fabricate the treated HempBagasse fiber composite for automobile applications and
evaluate properties like mechanical, thermal, and
permeance. Fabrication of two different treated fibrous
fillers with the polymeric matrix can be done using the
hand lay-up method. To study the fillers enhancement and
behavior with the resin, the different volume fraction of
fibers is incorporated in resin. The overall property was
done by as per ASTM standards, then the composition is
optimized for future automobile applications like car door
panels.
SYMPTOM BASED DISEASE PREDICTION USING DECISION TREE
Authors: . Akanksha , Varshney Chitranshi , Awasthi Anamika , Negi Anjali
Published: September 2021

The world is moving with a fast speed and in
order to be in pace with the world we invest our entire time
working. This leaves us with no time to look after our body.
We tend to ignore the symptoms we get as looking after
ourselves is not in our to do list. Even if we do notice we
barely have time to go to the hospital to seek doctors
suggestion. So, we have built a disease prediction system
using the symptoms provided as input to give the people
some idea of what they are dealing with and take action
accordingly owing to the seriousness of the disease.
IMPACTS OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN MICROENTERPRISES ENTERPRISES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Alfartoosi Ali , Jusoh Mohd Abdullah , Yas Harith
Published: September 2021

The current study sought to explore and
understand how te use of management accounting
techniques in microenterprises affects those
entities. Precisely, the study focused on examining
how the application of management accounting
tools affects microenterprises. The research
methodology employed in this study involved
collecting data from journals, articles,
publications, and relevant empirical studies. The
collected data was analyzed through common
themes generated from the project documentation.
The results of the study depicted that management
accounting practices such as cost system analysis,
budgeting and providing accounting information
improved the performance of microenterprises.
Besides, these tools were evidently supported as
essential elements in decision making as far micro
enterprises are concerned. The study recommends
that microenterprises should focus on budgeting,
cost system analysis and using accounting
information as their key drivers in decision
making. Besides, the study proposed further
research to be done with empirical studies to gauge
whether the conclusions drawn will be the same.
WEB APPLICATIONS DASHBOARD AS A TOOL FOR DATA VISUALIZATION USING CLOUD DATA SERVERS
Authors: Harika B , Kumar B.Prem , Deepak Ch. , Sandhya R. , Srinivasarao G
Published: September 2021

Working spot of a person that oversees
information investigation and information handling can
affect one individual or an entire group. The instruments
that can mama e their work simpler, diminish the work
hours and at last decrease the quantity of individuals
required in the group are dashboards of web applications.
With the assistance of dashboards one can oversee, break
down and outwardly screen their key measurements
identified with their business or to a person. There is no
all-inclusive dashboard to suit each type of business.
Similarly, there is no widespread interface that can be
proclaimed as the lone appropriate answer for all
organizations, in this manner various dashboards are
being created in various interfaces. People or groups are
the clients of dashboards. There are various dashboard
layouts for site interfaces that can assist engineers with
making their own dashboards for open information all the
more effectively and rapidly. The point of the paper is to
break down and assess different dashboard layouts as
indicated by the characterized measures to exhibit which
format is the most proper for a specific area and field of
work. It is normal that the outcomes will assist engineers
with the decision of a dashboard layout for their new
ventures. This paper gives essential rules with respect to
responsive website composition and a portion of the
systems that can be utilized to assemble a responsive
website composition page. It likewise momentarily
portrays the CSS Grid. Besides, it'll dissect the graduated
alumni dashboard format made inside four unique
frameworks and CSS Grid. They were investigated with
five given rules the 5 second standard, the reversed
pyramid, information perception, toning it down would be
ideal and intuitive components. The outcomes would
underscore the formats made inside bootstrap and
Semantic I since they were not assessed by any basis with a
score under 4 out of 5.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE GREEN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION IN INDIA
Authors: Singh Aman , Gupta Kunal
Published: September 2021

In a world exhausting our natural
resources, green building has become the ethical
“in-thing” in an attempt to save our planet from
despair. The bitter experience of global warming
has alarmed and compelled the mankind to
change the way they operate on earth. Within the
construction industry, the green building concept
evolved and it now gaining momentum rapidly
across the world. Green building involves a
building which incorporates environmental
consideration into every stage of the building
construction with the objectives to protect
occupant health, improve employee productivity,
use wisely natural resources and reduce the
environmental impact. The use of sustainable
resources in the construction industry should be
enforced by the local construction regulations in
order to save the environment. The study findings
revealed that the green buildings provide better
health for buildings occupants due to the
improved indoor quality, development of more
energy efficient products and the use of less
natural resources for the satisfaction and welfare
of building tenants, also to protect the ecosystem.
The outcome of this research shows that green
building benefits should encourage clients,
consultants and invest in green buildings. The
researchers in this paper talks about the
requirement of green building constructions in
India, and tries to find out the drivers which
create a demand for purchase of green buildings.
TOWARDS A SCORING SYSTEM FOR QUANTIFYING THE OBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF INDIA AND ANALYSIS OF ITS COMPONENT INDICATORS
Authors: Manikantan Aditya , Joshi Ameya
Published: September 2021

- The well-being of an individual is very subjective in
nature. A rich person can be miserable while at the same time
a middle class person can be content with the way he/she is.
Officially it is defined as “the state of being comfortable,
healthy or happy” [1]. However, well-being is a much broader
concept than moment-to-moment happiness. A person’s wellbeing can encompass a number of factors ranging from health
indicators to wealth related indicators. In this paper, we are
proposing a means to objectively analyze the well-being
(OWBA) of individuals in India. We first start by finding the
most contributing indicators towards a person’s well-being in
India. Finally, we present a way to calculate the objective wellbeing score (OWBS) of the population by taking into account
these important indicators.
Six Sigma Analysis as an Approach to Improve Quality of Corrugated Zinc Sheet Product
Authors: Cahya Handy Nur
Published: September 2021

Every manufacturing company will strive to create the best quality products. This is also done by PT. CMSM, a steel company, is producing corrugated zinc products. In several production periods, the defective product values were still found that exceeded the tolerance limit value set at 0.5% in corrugated zinc products. These problems are, of course, very detrimental to the company, so it’s essential to control the quality of corrugated zinc products. This study aimed to determine the factors that cause product defects, propose plans to improve product quality, and provide managerial recommendations based on Six Sigma analysis. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the study results, it is known that DPO is 0.000885 and DPMO is 884.6028. At this time, the company is at the level of 4.64 sigma with CTQ (Critical to Quality) folded zinc sheet, cut size is not according to standard, thickness is not according to standard, uneven coating layer and perforated zinc sheet. Based on the analysis, five factors cause product defects: humans, machines, methods, materials, and the environment. To improve quality, the company should improve their quality control through 5W + 1H analysis, namely by providing training to employees, periodic machine maintenance and ensuring that the SOPs that have been made are implemented correctly and adequately. Keywords: six sigma, DMAIC, product defect, quality control, manufacturing
How does Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Work on Adopting Financial Technology (FinTech) by MSMEs?
Authors: Wismantoro Yohan , Susilowati MG Westri Kekalih Susilowati
Published: September 2021

Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a very significant role in the economy, can even be said to be the backbone of the economy. However, MSMEs are precisely the sector hardest hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. Digitalization creates new opportunities for MSMEs in the pandemic. FinTech, one of the implementations of digitalization should be pursued to be used by MSMEs. Using path analysis processed using Partial Least Square (PLS), this research aims to identify how Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) works on Adopting FinTech by MSMEs. The Outer Model and Inner Model reflect that the model work. The outer loading value of ? 0.7, AVE value ? of 0.5, Cronbach's Alpha ? 0,70, a correlation value ? of 0.50; and Composite Reliability ? 0.6, and R-Square 0.716 reflect it. However, regarding the factors that influence intention to use, it is different from previous research that became a reference. There are only four hypotheses proven. Those are Context had a significant positive effect on Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness, and Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness had a significant positive effect on the intention to use fintech. Keywords: FinTech, MSMEs, Digitalization, UTAUT, Inclusive
Cell Therapy of Pathological Gastrointestinal Lesions in Modeled NSAID-Induced Enterocolitis
Authors: Klesov R. A. , Stepanova O. I. , Karkischenko V. N. , Baranova O. V.
Published: September 2021

Wistar rats with NSAID-induced (dexketoprofen) chronic enterocolitis of the gastrointestinal tract were treated with a cultured allogeneic cell suspension consisting of mononuclear cells (40 millions) and multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (10 millions). The suspension was transplanted intraperitoneally, 2 times with an interval of 30 days. Cultured allogeneic fractions of bone marrow cells accelerate the regeneration of long-term non-healing gastrointestinal lesions by reducing the duration and severity of the inflammatory phase and activating the regenerative phase of the ulcerative process. It was found that the simultaneous administration of the studied cultured stem cells can be used for the treatment of chronic, long-term non-healing, poorly-scarring ulcerative necrotic gastrointestinal pathologies.
Conceptualizing a Populist Narrative: Rationales, Attributes, Implications
Authors: Yanchenko Kostiantyn
Published: September 2021

Narrative analysis represents the cutting edge in various domains of political communication research and has recently made its way into populism studies. Nevertheless, despite the growing academic interest in populist storytelling and populist narratives, a conceptual foundation of these phenomena remains scarce. Situated at the intersection of political communication and literary studies, the article fills this gap by proposing a systematized concept of a populist narrative. Building upon the minimum definitions of the background concepts, the study identifies a set of necessary attributes shared by populist narratives. It further discusses the effectiveness of populist narratives with the focus on four dimensions: archetypal structure, emotionality, suspensefulness, and ability to facilitate identification. Against the backdrop of the increasing role of storytelling in contemporary politics, the article facilitates a more coherent and meaningful examination of populist narratives.
The Politics of Eco-violence: Why Is Conflict Escalating in Nigeria’s Middle Belt?
Authors: Olumba Ezenwa E.
Published: September 2021

Competition for natural resources has intensified in recent years between nomadic Fulani herders and sedentary farmers in Nigeria's Middle Belt. What were initially sporadic conflicts over cropland and water have transformed into daily occurrences of mass violence. While extant research focuses on the root causes of such conflicts, the reasons for their escalation remain insufficiently understood. Based on fieldwork conducted during 2018-2019, this article examines how political developments have contributed to the escalation of conflict in the region. Using Homer-Dixon's theory of civil strife as a conceptual framework, the findings show that changes in the 'political opportunity structure' in Nigeria since 2014 were a catalyst for escalating the conflicts. These changes resulted from the 2014 insecurity in Nigeria caused by terrorist acts committed by non-state actors and the outcomes of the 2015 election. The consequences were the unvarnished adoption of nepotistic domestic policies and alliances between elites and militia members.
Quantum information as the information of infinite collections or series
Authors: Penchev Vasil
Published: September 2021

The quantum information introduced by quantum mechanics is equivalent to a certain generalization of classical information: from finite to infinite series or collections. The quantity of information is the quantity of choices measured in the units of elementary choice. The “qubit”, can be interpreted as that generalization of “bit”, which is a choice among a continuum of alternatives. The axiom of choice is necessary for quantum information. The coherent state is transformed into a well-ordered series of results in time after measurement. The quantity of quantum information is the transfinite ordinal number corresponding to the infinity series in question. The transfinite ordinal numbers can be defined as ambiguously corresponding “transfinite natural numbers” generalizing the natural numbers of Peano arithmetic to “Hilbert arithmetic” allowing for the unification of the foundations of mathematics and quantum mechanics.
THE REAL GEOMETRY OF THE EGYPTIAN PYRAMIDS
Authors: Sofias Sotiris
Published: September 2021

An analytical Geometrical calculation of the Pyramids of Giza using the ultimate applications such as Auto Cad and Google Earth base maps. The correlation with the Orion Constellation is not mathematically correct.
The Role of Agents of Political Socialization in the Use of Social Media
Authors: TOKSOZ Savas
Published: September 2021

This study aims to reveal the role of the agents of political socialization in the use of social media as a tool for receiving political news and political participation. The research findings suggest that there is a positive relationship between the use of social media as a tool for receiving political news and the agents of political socialization, namely, the family, friend groups, school, and traditional media. Similarly, a statistically significant relationship has been found between the use of social media as a tool for political participation and family, friend groups, school, and traditional media.
Toxin Handlers and Burnout Among Human Resource Managers: Does Emotion-Focused Coping Make a Difference?
Authors: FARMANESH Panteha
Published: September 2021

Toxin handlers are a vital constituent for organizations as these individuals tend to absorb disruptive emotions and feelings of other members of staff. However, as they carry this burden, they are prone to emotional exhaustion, which can lead to burnout on personal levels. This is a matter of critical importance for HR managers as they are commonly the ones, who deal with such struggles within a company. This current research addresses the issue of burnout for toxin handlers in the tourism sector with the inclusion of coping strategies as a mediating factor by gathering data from a number of 180 HR managers within tourism and hospitality sector. A multi-group analysis and PLS-SEM approach was used to test the hypothesized model. It was found that female managers exhibited a difference to their male counterparts in handling toxin through emotion-focused coping strategies. Current results have shown that female managers in HR departments perform better in handling charged emotions of employees and provide solutions for their staff. This is while coping strategies can act as a mediating element for toxin handlers to defuse their exhaustion that is accumulated through constant interacting with negative emotions.
2020, an omagial Dimitrie Gusti: 140 de ani de la nașterea fondatorului Școlii Sociologice de la București
Authors: Stănescu Simona Maria
Published: September 2021

2020 marks the 140 years after the birth of Dimitrie Gusti, the founder of the Bucharest Sociological School. On this special ocassion, on 13th of February 2020 a dedicated conference was organisedin the Ceremony Hall of the Romanian Academy.
The border is not the territory: the securitarian-humanitarian dialectic and the outsourcing of European borders
Authors: Costache Dragoș
Published: September 2021

At the core of the European projects there is a fundamental tension between the securitarian and the humanitarian aspects of border and foreign policy, especially in its response to the Mediterranean Migration Crisis. This tension has far reaching consequences, from the outsourcing of border controls to third party states to fundamental changes in the makeup of the European Project. Starting from Etienne Balibar’s seminal question “what makes a border” I explore several facets of European border enforcement and the impact it is having on the European project.
In Memoriam Florin Faje (15.10.1984-15.01.2020)
Authors: Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai Facultatea de Sociologie și Asistență Socială
Published: September 2021

Florin Faje (15.10.1984-15.01.2020) passed away unexpectedly at the age of 35 leaving behind a devastated family and a mourning academic community. His contributions to the anthropology of sport, ethno-nationalism in relation with class divides, state-formation and social history in Central and Eastern Europe remain truly remarkable proofs of an insightful and prolific anthropological spirit. His classes on economic and cultural anthropology, and his critical reading of development and globalisation studies kept generations of students at the Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj engaged and motivated to widen their knowledge. His PhD thesis in Sociology and Social Anthropology, "Playing to Win, Learning to Lose. Sport, Nation and State in Interwar Romania", defended in 2014 with Magna cum Laudae at the Central European University - Budapest is awaiting publication.
Impacts of Nutritional Management During Early Postnatal Life on Long-Term Physiological and Productive Responses of Beef Cattle
Authors: Harvey Kelsey M. , Cooke Reinaldo F. , Moriel Philipe
Published: September 2021

Effective early postnatal nutritional management is a crucial component of livestock production systems, and nutrient manipulation during this period has been shown to exert long-term consequences on beef cattle growth and physiology. Metabolic imprinting defines these biological responses to a nutritional intervention early in life that permanently alter physiological outcomes later in life. Early weaning has been used to study metabolic imprinting effects, given that it allows for nutritional manipulation of animals at a young age. This practice has been shown to enhance carcass characteristics in feedlot cattle and accelerate reproductive development of females. Another strategy to study the effects of metabolic imprinting without the need for early weaning is to provide supplements via creep feeding. Providing creep feed to nursing cattle has resulted in transient and long-term alterations in cattle metabolism, contributing to increased reproductive performance of developing heifers and enhanced carcass quality of feeder cattle. Collectively, results described herein demonstrate nutrient manipulation during early postnatal life exerts long-term consequences on beef cattle productivity and may be a strategy to optimize production efficiency in beef cattle systems.
Synthesis and Photothermal Effects of Intracellular Aggregating Nanodrugs Targeting Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Zhong Ying , Bejjanki Naveen Kumar , Miao Xiangwan , Weng Huanhuan , Li Quanming , Zhang Juan , Liu Tao , Vannam Raghu , Xie Minqiang
Published: September 2021

Chemotherapy for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is usually associated with many side effects; therefore, its treatment options have not yet been completely resolved. Improving distribution to the targeted tumor region and enhancing the cellular uptake of drugs can efficiently alleviate the above adverse medical effects. Near-infrared (NIR) laser light-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are promising strategies for cancer treatment. In the present study, we developed an efficient multifunctional nanocluster with enhanced targeting and aggregation efficiency for PTT and PDT that is composed of a biocompatible folic acid (FA), indocyanine green (ICG) and 2-cyanobenzothiazole (CBT)-functionalized peptide labeled with an aldehyde sodium alginate-modified magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (ASA-MNP)-based nanocarrier. FA can bind to folate receptors on cancer cell membranes to enhance nanocluster uptake. CBT-modified peptide can react with glutathione (GSH), which is typically present at higher levels in cancer cells, to form intracellular aggregates and increase the local concentration of the nanodrug. In in vitro studies, these nanodrugs displayed the desired uptake capacity by NPC cells and the ability to suppress the growth of cancer cells under laser irradiation. Animal studies validated that these nanodrugs are safe and nontoxic, efficiently accumulate in NPC tumor sites following injection via the caudal vein, and shows superior inhibition of tumor growth in a tumor-bearing mouse model upon near-infrared laser irradiation. The results indicate the potential application of the multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs), which can be used as a new method for the treatment of folate receptor-positive NPC.
Neuron-Glia Crosstalk Plays a Major Role in the Neurotoxic Effects of Ketamine via Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Penning Donald H. , Cazacu Simona , Brodie Aharon , Jevtovic-Todorovic Vesna , Kalkanis Steve N. , Lewis Michael , Brodie Chaya
Published: September 2021

Background: There is a compelling evidence from animal models that early exposure to clinically relevant general anesthetics (GAs) interferes with brain development, resulting in long-lasting cognitive impairments. Human studies have been inconclusive and are challenging due to numerous confounding factors. Here, we employed primary human neural cells to analyze ketamine neurotoxic effects focusing on the role of glial cells and their activation state. We also explored the roles of astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and different components of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway.

Methods: Ketamine effects on cell death were analyzed using live/dead assay, caspase 3 activity and PARP-1 cleavage. Astrocytic and microglial cell differentiation was determined using RT-PCR, ELISA and phagocytosis assay. The impact of the neuron-glial cell interactions in the neurotoxic effects of ketamine was analyzed using transwell cultures. In addition, the role of isolated and secreted EVs in this cross-talk were studied. The expression and function of different components of the BDNF pathway were analyzed using ELISA, RT-PCR and gene silencing.

Results: Ketamine induced neuronal and oligodendrocytic cell apoptosis and promoted pro-inflammatory astrocyte (A1) and microglia (M1) phenotypes. Astrocytes and microglia enhanced the neurotoxic effects of ketamine on neuronal cells, whereas neurons increased oligodendrocyte cell death. Ketamine modulated different components in the BDNF pathway: decreasing BDNF secretion in neurons and astrocytes while increasing the expression of p75 in neurons and that of BDNF-AS and pro-BDNF secretion in both neurons and astrocytes. We demonstrated an important role of EVs secreted by ketamine-treated astrocytes in neuronal cell death and a role for EV-associated BDNF-AS in this effect.

Conclusions: Ketamine exerted a neurotoxic effect on neural cells by impacting both neuronal and non-neuronal cells. The BDNF pathway and astrocyte-derived EVs represent important mediators of ketamine effects. These results contribute to a better understanding of ketamine neurotoxic effects in humans and to the development of potential approaches to decrease its neurodevelopmental impact.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Acquire Rejuvenation and Reduced Heterogeneity
Authors: Wruck Wasco , Graffmann Nina , Spitzhorn Lucas-Sebastian , Adjaye James
Published: September 2021

Despite the uniform selection criteria for the isolation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), considerable heterogeneity exists which reflects the distinct tissue origins and differences between individuals with respect to their genetic background and age. This heterogeneity is manifested by the variabilities seen in the transcriptomes, proteomes, secretomes, and epigenomes of tissue-specific MSCs. Here, we review literature on different aspects of MSC heterogeneity including the role of epigenetics and the impact of MSC heterogeneity on therapies. We then combine this with a meta-analysis of transcriptome data from distinct MSC subpopulations derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, cruciate, tonsil, kidney, umbilical cord, fetus, and induced pluripotent stem cells derived MSCs (iMSCs). Beyond that, we investigate transcriptome differences between tissue-specific MSCs and pluripotent stem cells. Our meta-analysis of numerous MSC-related data sets revealed markers and associated biological processes characterizing the heterogeneity and the common features of MSCs from various tissues. We found that this heterogeneity is mainly related to the origin of the MSCs and infer that microenvironment and epigenetics are key drivers. The epigenomes of MSCs alter with age and this has a profound impact on their differentiation capabilities. Epigenetic modifications of MSCs are propagated during cell divisions and manifest in differentiated cells, thus contributing to diseased or healthy phenotypes of the respective tissue. An approach used to reduce heterogeneity caused by age- and tissue-related epigenetic and microenvironmental patterns is the iMSC concept: iMSCs are MSCs generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). During iMSC generation epigenetic and chromatin remodeling result in a gene expression pattern associated with rejuvenation thus allowing to overcome age-related shortcomings (e.g., limited differentiation and proliferation capacity). The importance of the iMSC concept is underlined by multiple clinical trials. In conclusion, we propose the use of rejuvenated iMSCs to bypass tissue- and age-related heterogeneity which are associated with native MSCs.
A Novel Pyroptosis-Associated Long Non-coding RNA Signature Predicts Prognosis and Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Ping Liqin , Zhang Kaiming , Ou Xueqi , Qiu Xingsheng , Xiao Xiangsheng
Published: September 2021

Background: Pyroptosis, a kind of programmed cell death characterized by the rupture of cell membranes and the release of inflammatory substances, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer. However, few studies focus on the pyroptosis-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in breast cancer (BC). The prognostic value of pyroptosis-associated lncRNAs and their relationship with tumor microenvironment (TME) in BC remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic role of pyroptosis-associated lncRNAs and their relationship with TME in BC.

Methods: The transcriptome data and clinical data of female BC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of 937 patients were randomly assigned to either training set or validation set. A pyroptosis-associated lncRNA signature was constructed in the training set and verified in the validation set. Functional analysis and immune microenvironment analysis related to pyroptosis-associated lncRNAs were performed. A nomogram based on the risk score and clinical characteristics was established.

Results: A 9-pyroptosis-associated lncRNA signature was constructed to separate BC patients into two risk groups. High-risk patients had poorer prognosis than low-risk patients. The risk score was proven to be an independent prognostic factor by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Function analysis and immune microenvironment analysis showed that low-risk BC tended to be an immunologically “hot” tumor. A nomogram was constructed with risk score and clinical characteristics. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis demonstrated credible predictive power of the nomogram. The area under time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) reached 0.880 at 1 year, 0.804 at 3 years, and 0.769 at 5 years in the training set, and 0.799 at 1 year, 0.794 at 3 years, and 0.728 at 5 years in the validation set.

Conclusion: We identified a novel pyroptosis-associated lncRNA signature that was an independent prognostic indicator for BC patients. Pyroptosis-associated lncRNAs had potential relationship with the immune microenvironment and might be therapeutic targets for BC patients.
Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals That E1A Binding Protein p300 Mutations Increase Genome Instability and Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Chen Zuobing , Chen Canping , Li Lin , Zhang Tianfang , Wang Xiaosheng
Published: September 2021

E1A binding protein p300 (EP300) is mutated in diverse cancers. Nevertheless, a systematic investigation into the associations of EP300 mutations with genome instability and antitumor immunity in pan-cancer remains lacking. Using the datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we analyzed the correlations between EP300 mutations and genome instability and antitumor immune response in 11 cancer types. Compared to EP300-wild-type cancers, EP300-mutated cancers had significantly higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) in 10 cancer types. EP300-mutated cancers harbored a much higher fraction of microsatellite instable cancers in the colon and gastric cancers. EP300 was co-mutated with genes involved in DNA damage repair pathways in multiple cancers. Furthermore, compared to EP300-wild-type cancers, EP300-mutated cancers had significantly higher immune cytolytic activity scores and ratios of immune-stimulatory over immune-inhibitory signatures in diverse cancers. Also, EP300-mutated cancers showed significantly higher programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels than EP300-wild-type cancers. The increased TMB, antitumor immune activity, and PD-L1 expression indicated a favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in EP300-mutated cancers, as evident in three cancer cohorts treated with ICIs. Thus, the EP300 mutation could be a predictive biomarker for the response to immunotherapy.
Fundamental Mechanisms of the Cell Death Caused by Nitrosative Stress
Authors: Wang Fulin , Yuan Qiuhuan , Chen Fengying , Pang Jiaojiao , Pan Chang , Xu Feng , Chen Yuguo
Published: September 2021

Nitrosative stress, as an important oxygen metabolism disorder, has been shown to be closely associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, aortic aneurysm, heart failure, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Nitrosative stress refers to the joint biochemical reactions of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2–) when an oxygen metabolism disorder occurs in the body. The peroxynitrite anion (ONOO–) produced during this process can nitrate several biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, and DNA, to generate 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), which further induces cell death. Among these, protein tyrosine nitration and polyunsaturated fatty acid nitration are the most studied types to date. Accordingly, an in-depth study of the relationship between nitrosative stress and cell death has important practical significance for revealing the pathogenesis and strategies for prevention and treatment of various diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review the latest research progress on the mechanisms of nitrosative stress-mediated cell death, primarily involving several regulated cell death processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, and parthanatos, highlighting nitrosative stress as a unique mechanism in cardiovascular diseases.
Towards Digitalization in Bio-Manufacturing Operations: A Survey on Application of Big Data and Digital Twin Concepts in Denmark
Authors: A. Udugama Isuru , Öner Merve , Lopez Pau C. , Beenfeldt Christan , Bayer Christoph , Huusom Jakob K. , Gernaey Krist V. , Sin Gürkan
Published: September 2021

Digitalization in the form of Big Data and Digital Twin inspired applications are hot topics in today's bio-manufacturing organizations. As a result, many organizations are diverting resources (personnel and equipment) to these applications. In this manuscript, a targeted survey was conducted amongst individuals from the Danish biotech industry to understand the current state and perceived future obstacles in implementing digitalization concepts in biotech production processes. The survey consisted of 13 questions related to the current level of application of 1) Big Data analytics and 2) Digital Twins, as well as obstacles to expanding these applications. Overall, 33 individuals responded to the survey, a group spanning from bio-chemical to biopharmaceutical production. Over 73% of the respondents indicated that their organization has an enterprise-wide level plan for digitalization, it can be concluded that the digitalization drive in the Danish biotech industry is well underway. However, only 30% of the respondents reported a well-established business case for the digitalization applications in their organization. This is a strong indication that the value proposition for digitalization applications is somewhat ambiguous. Further, it was reported that digital twin applications (58%) were more widely used than Big Data analytic tools (37%). On top of the lack of a business case, organizational readiness was identified as a critical hurdle that needs to be overcome for both Digital Twin and Big Data applications. Infrastructure was another key hurdle for implementation, with only 6% of the respondents stating that their production processes were 100% covered by advanced process analytical technologies.
Rescuing eGFP-Tagged Canine Distemper Virus for 40 Serial Passages Separately in Ribavirin- and Non-Treated Cells: Comparative Analysis of Viral Mutation Profiles
Authors: Liu Fuxiao , Wang Ning , Lin Jiahui , Wang Qianqian , Huang Yilan , Zhang Youming , Shan Hu
Published: September 2021

Due to lacking a proofreading mechanism in their RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp), RNA viruses generally possess high mutation frequencies, making them evolve rapidly to form viral quasispecies during serial passages in cells, especially treated with mutagens, like ribavirin. Canine distemper virus (CDV) belongs to the genus Morbillivirus. Its L protein functions as an RdRp during viral replication. In this study, a recombinant enhanced green fluorescence protein-tagged CDV (rCDV-eGFP) was rescued from its cDNA clone, followed by viral identification and characterization at passage-7 (P7). This recombinant was independently subjected to extra 40 serial passages (P8 to 47) in ribavirin- and non-treated cells. Two viral progenies, undergoing passages in ribavirin- and non-treated VDS cells, were named rCDV-eGFP-R and -N, respectively. Both progenies were simultaneously subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) at P47 for comparing their quasispecies diversities with each other. The rCDV-eGFP-R and -N showed 62 and 23 single-nucleotide mutations (SNMs) in individual antigenomes, respectively, suggesting that the ribavirin conferred a mutagenic effect on the rCDV-eGFP-R. The spectrum of 62 SNMs contained 26 missense and 36 silent mutations, and that of 23 SNMs was composed of 17 missense and 6 silent mutations. Neither the rCDV-eGFP-R nor -N exhibited nonsense mutation in individual antigenomes. We speculate that the rCDV-eGFP-R may contain at least one P47 sub-progeny characterized by high-fidelity replication in cells. If such a sub-progeny can be purified from the mutant swarm, its L protein would elucidate a molecular mechanism of CDV high-fidelity replication.
Advancing Applied Research in Conservation Criminology Through the Evaluation of Corruption Prevention, Enhancing Compliance, and Reducing Recidivism
Authors: Kahler Jessica S. , Rivera Joseph W. , Steele Zachary T. , Morales-Giner Pilar , Rivera Christian J. , Ahossin Carol F. , Kaur Ashpreet , Episcopio-Sturgeon Diane J.
Published: September 2021

Concomitant with an increase in the global illegal wildlife trade has been a substantial increase in research within traditional conservation-based sciences and conservation and green criminology. While the integration of criminological theories and methods into the wildlife conservation context has advanced our understanding of and practical responses to illegal wildlife trade, there remain discrepancies between the number of empirical vs. conceptual studies and a disproportionate focus on a few select theories, geographical contexts, and taxonomic groups. We present three understudied or novel applications of criminology and criminal justice research within the fields of fisheries, forestry, and wildlife conservation. First, we highlight criminological research on the application of corruption prevention in combating the illegal wildlife trade. Corruption has increasingly been getting attention from the non-governmental sector; however, there has been limited research aimed at understanding institutional opportunity structures, local conceptualizations of corruption, and the corresponding prevention strategies within conservation contexts. Second, we discuss the pre-emptive application of compliance theories when designing and monitoring Community-Based Conservation (CBC) programs such as community forestry, non-timber forest products, and community patrol programs. Applying opportunity theory and social development strategies are two suggestions to improve the effectiveness of CBCs in forestry and beyond. Finally, we present a discussion on recidivism (i.e., repeat offending) and non-instrumental or novel responses, utilizing illegal fishing as a case study. We present two alternative methods to traditional forms of punishment: restorative justice and community-based approaches. Lastly, we will present a diversity of priority research agendas within each of these topics.
Association of Digoxin Application Approaches With Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Rheumatic Heart Disease Patients With Heart Failure: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Liu Cheng , Lai Yanxian , Guan Tianwang , Zeng Qingchun , Pei Jingxian , Zhang Shenghui , Wu Daihong , Wu Deping
Published: September 2021

Objective: This retrospective, case–control study was executed to assess the effects of digoxin (DGX) use approaches [continuous use of DGX (cDGX) vs. intermittent use of DGX (iDGX)] on the long-term prognosis in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods: A total of 642 RHD patients were enrolled to this study after propensity matching. The associations of DGX application approaches with the risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death (CVD), HF re-hospitalization (1-, 3-, and 5-year), and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) were analyzed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards or binary logistic regression models, respectively.

Results: cDGX was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.27–2.65, P = 0.001) and CVD (adjusted HR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.29–3.83, P = 0.004) in RHD patients with HF compared to iDGX. With exception of 1-year HF re-hospitalization risk, cDGX was associated with increased HF re-hospitalization risk of 3-year (adjusted OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.03–2.29, P = 0.037) and 5-year (adjusted OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.05–2.50, P = 0.031) as well as new-onset AF (adjusted OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.09–3.90, P = 0.027).

Conclusion: cDGX was significantly associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, CVD, medium-/long-term HF re-hospitalization, and new-onset AF in RHD patients with HF.
Trends of Planetary Boundary Layer Height Over Urban Cities of China From 1980–2018
Authors: Huo Yanfeng , Wang Yonghong , Paasonen Pauli , Liu Quan , Tang Guiqian , Ma Yuanyuan , Petaja Tuukka , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Kulmala Markku
Published: September 2021

Boundary layer height (BLH) is an important parameter in climatology and air pollution research, especially in urban city. We calculated the BLH with a bulk Richardson number (Ri) method over urban cities of China during 1980–2018 using European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-interim data after carefully validation with sounding data obtained from two meteorology stations in eastern China during 2010–2018. The values of BLH between these two types of data have correlation coefficients in the range of 0.65–0.87, which indicates that it is reasonable to analyze long-term trends of the BLH from ERA data sets. Using ERA-interim calculated BLH, we found that there is an increasing trend in the daytime BLH in most cities of eastern China, particularly during the spring season. A correlation analysis between the BLH and temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and visibility revealed that the variability in meteorological parameters, as well as in aerosol concentrations over highly polluted eastern China, play important roles in the development of the BLH.
Case Report: A Novel Missense Variant in the SIPA1L3 Gene Associated With Cataracts in a Chinese Family
Authors: Yang Duo , Zhou Haiyan , Lin Jiwu , Zhao Shuangxi , Zhou Hao , Yin Zhaochu , Ni Bin , Chen Yong , Xie Wanqin
Published: September 2021

The signal-induced proliferation-associated 1-like 3 (SIPA1L3) gene that encodes a putative Rap GTPase-activating protein (RapGAP) has been associated with congenital cataract and eye development abnormalities. However, our current understanding of the mutation spectrum of SIPA1L3 associated with eye defects is limited. By using whole-exome sequencing plus Sanger sequencing validation, we identified a novel heterozygous c.1871A > G (p.Lys624Arg) variation within the predicted RapGAP domain of SIPA1L3 in the proband with isolated juvenile-onset cataracts from a three-generation Chinese family. In this family, the proband's father and grandmother were also heterozygous for the c.1871A > G variation and affected by cataracts varying in morphology, severity, and age of onset. Sequence alignment shows that the Lys 624 residue of SIPA1L3 is conserved across the species. Based on the resolved structure of Rap1–Rap1GAP complex, homology modeling implies that the Lys 624 residue is structurally homologous to the Lys 194 of Rap1GAP, a highly conserved lysine residue that is involved in the interface between Rap1 and Rap1GAP and critical for the affinity to Rap·GTP. We reasoned that arginine substitution of lysine 624 might have an impact on the SIPA1L3-Rap·GTP interaction, thereby affecting the regulatory function of SIPA1L3 on Rap signaling. Collectively, our finding expands the mutation spectrum of SIPA1L3 and provides new clues to the molecular mechanisms of SIPA1L3-related cataracts. Further investigations are warranted to validate the functional alteration of the p.Lys624Arg variant of SIPA1L3.