bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ПОТУЖНОСТІ ГЕНЕРАТОРА ВІТРОУСТАНОВКИ ЗА РАХУНОК ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯНОГО ПРОМІЖКУ МІЖ СТАТОРОМ І РОТОРОМ
Authors: Holovko V. , Dubchak E. , Zamoroka O.
Published: March 2020

Збільшення потужності вітроустановки при мінімальних конструкційним змінах завжди було пріоритетним напрямком досліджень у вітроенергетиці. Жорстка залежність потужності на валу ротора вітроустановки від аеродинамічних характеристик лопаті відомі і втілені в інженерні рішення. Електромашинна частина вітроустановки комплектується загальнопромисловим виконанням синхронних або асинхронних генераторами, переваги та недоліки застосування яких всебічно відомі.  Також встановлено, що відношення потужності в генераторному режимі до потужності машини в двигунному режимі, стає більше одиниці в залежності від числа пар полюсів та потужності машини.
Робота присвячена визначенню підвищення потужності асинхронної машини в генераторному режимі за рахунок впливу на магнітний потік гранично припустимим зменшенням повітряного проміжку між статором і ротором. В даній роботі використана вдосконалена методики розрахунку параметрів і характеристик асинхронних машин с короткозамкненим ротором на базі уточнених Т-подібних заступних схем. В таких заступних схемах в контурі намагнічування паралельно приєднані один змінний індуктивний опір, що пов’язаний з результуючим полем взаємоіндукції, та декілька змінних активних опорів, значення яких пов’язані із змінами основних та додаткових (поверхневих та пульсаційних) втрат в магнітопроводах статора і ротора. При розрахунках, що були проведені за даною методикою, повітряний проміжок був зменшений в межах 0,05мм, але, не досягав гранично допустимого значення 0,25мм. Потужність машини приймалась від 1,1 до 4,0 кВт, як найбільш доцільною для малих вітроустановок для умов нашої країни, з числом пар полюсів 1,2 та 3. Порівняння результатів з відомими даними, для діапазону потужності 1,1…4 кВт показує збільшення коефіцієнта використання для: 2р=2 до 7%, 2р=4 до 18%, а для 2р=6 до 23%. Бібл. 6, табл.1, рис. 2.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ВЕТРОГЕНЕРАТОРОВ ПОВЫШЕННОЙ МОЩНОСТИ (600÷3600) КВТ С ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЕМ ОТ ПОСТОЯННЫХ МАГНИТОВ
Authors: Permynov Y. , Monakhov E. , Volkov L.
Published: March 2020

В статье на основе оценки характеристик некоторых ветрозон Украины [1] и применяемой при проектировании скорости ветра за рубежом проведено сравнение основных параметров ветрогенераторов. Для этого по определенному алгоритму [4-9] был рассчитан ряд синхронных генераторов мощностью от 600 до 3600 кВт с ориентиром на мощности машин, выпускаемых «Заводом крупных электрических машин» (г. Каховка), но за базовую конструкцию при расчетах принят генератор, представленный в [2]. Особенностью конструкции этого генератора – отсутствие ярма статора (корпуса). Корпусом генератора является пакет статора с обмоткой, поэтому он представляет собой модуль головки ветроустановки, это позволяет уменьшить его массу и габариты.
До настоящего времени наиболее широко применились асинхронные генераторы с мультипликаторами для повышения частоты вращения, учитывая, что частота вращения ветроколеса уменьшается с повышением мощности ветроустановки и составляет всего несколько оборотов в минуту. С увеличением частоты вращения уменьшается электромагнитный момент, объем и масса генератора, но увеличиваются соответствующие параметры мультипликатора. В последние годы наметилась тенденция применения безредукторних синхронных генераторов с возбуждением от постоянных магнитов, что позволяет упростить конструкцию агрегата, повысить надежность установки, исключить необходимость обслуживания редуктора (мультипликатора) и потери на возбуждение. В связи с этим, в работе проведено сравнение указанных вариантов выполнения агрегатной части ветроустановок по электромагнитным параметрам, массе и габаритам.
Изменение геометрических соотношений генератора определяет его электромагнитные параметры, поэтому отмечены оптимальные отношения диаметров корпуса и ротора, ширины паза и зубца, определена зависимость геометрии зубцовой зоны и мощности от принятого числа пазов на полюс и фазу (q); обоснована возможность применения «меандровой» обмотки в связи с малым расчетным значением числа витков в секции. Такая обмотка позволяет упростить технологию её изготовления, возможность увеличения коэффициента заполнения паза и мощности при решении технологических вопросов изготовления. Библ. 9, рис. 3.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ДИНАМІКИ НАВАНТАЖУВАЛЬНИХ РЕЖИМІВ РОБОТИ ГІДРОНАСОСНОЇ СТАНЦІЇ З ЕЛЕКТРОПРИВОДОМ ЗА ЖИВЛЕННЯ ВІД ВІТРОЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЇ УСТАНОВКИ З СИНХРОННИМ ГЕНЕРАТОРОМ
Authors: Vasko P. , Pazych S.
Published: March 2020

Гідронасосні станції з електроприводом та живленням від вітроелектричних установок знайшли застосування на територіях, віддалених від розподільчих електромереж. Досвід експлуатації таких станцій засвідчує суттєвий вплив наявності пульсацій швидкості вітру на їх продуктивність. В рамках цього дослідження розроблена математична модель динаміки зміни подачі води багатоагрегатною гідронасосною станцією з електроприводом від асинхронних двигунів з короткозамкненою обмоткою ротора за живлення від вітроелектричної установки з синхронним генератором з урахуванням стохастичної складової зміни швидкості вітру. Дослідження динамічних процесів здійснюється на 10-и хвилинному інтервалі осереднення швидкості вітру, що є стандартизованою величиною для оцінки потужності вітроелектричної установки за збурень вітрового потоку. Модель являє собою систему нелінійних диференційних рівнянь, що описує взаємодію двох інерційних складових єдиної аероелектрогідродинамічної системи. Перша інерційна складова містить в собі вітротурбіну та синхронний генератор, а друга – асинхронний двигун та гідронасос. Взаємний вплив одної інерційної складової на іншу здійснюється через електричний зв’язок між генератором та двигуном через лінію електропередачі разом з трансформаторними підстанціями. Визначення параметрів механічного обертального руху інерційних складових виконувалось в припущенні про квазістаціонарність електромагнітних процесів в статорних і роторних контурах генератора та двигуна. Розрахунок їх електромагнітних моментів здійснювався з використанням еквівалентних заступних електричних схем обладнання з урахуванням змінної частоти обертання та довільної кількості гідроагрегатів у складі станції. Представлені результати розрахунків динаміки подачі гідронасосної станції потужністю 1 МВт в складі 5 гідроагрегатів за електроживлення від вітроустановки з синхронним явнополюсним генератором такої ж потужності за швидкості вітру менше номінального значення, рівному та більшому за номінальне значення. Вони надають можливості оцінки динамічних властивостей процесу перетворення кінетичної енергії вітру в потенціальну енергію води, накопиченої в басейні акумуляторі. На сьогодні отримані результати набувають важливого значення в зв’язку з необхідністю інтеграції значних потужностей вітроелектростанцій до складу електроенергетичних систем. Бібл. 26, табл. 3, рис. 8.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ НЕСТАЦИОНАРНОГО ПРОЦЕССА ВОЗДУШНОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА В НЕПОДВИЖНОМ СЛОЕ ПРИ АТМОСФЕРНОМ ДАВЛЕНИИ
Authors: Rokhman B. , Nekhamin M.
Published: March 2020

На основе системы уравнений, описывающей процесс конверсии угля в парокислородной смеси, построена нестационарная модель воздушной газификации твердого топлива в фиксированном слое с учетом межфазного конвективного теплообмена, радиационно-кондуктивного теплопереноса твердой фазы, лучистого и кондуктивного теплообмена слоя со стенкой реактора, гетерогенных химических реакций, сил тяжести и аэродинамического сопротивлении. Предложенная модель позволяет получить детальную информацию о геометрических, аэродинамических, тепловых и физико-химических параметрах воздушной газификации твердого топлива в неподвижном слое при различных давлениях в любой момент времени. Эта информация может быть использована при конструировании реакторов на стадиях эскизного, технического и рабочего проектирования, пуско-наладочных режимах и работе газогенератора на скользящих нагрузках, когда процесс воздушной газификации угля является нестационарным. Показано, что: а) основной процесс газификации коксозольных частиц протекает на малом участке фиксированного слоя 91 мм, что приводит к понижению температуры твердой фазы на 160 °С и концентрация CO2→0, вследствие чего оставшаяся часть интервала газификации ~ 185 мм является малоэффективной; б) участок окислительной зоны, где температура коксозольных частиц достигает максимального значения, очень узок и составляет ~ 34–41 мм; в) во временном интервале 1951–4052 с, где происходит интенсивное перемещение границ зон окисления и газификации по высоте слоя, состав синтетического газа (по объему) на выходе из реактора остается практически постоянным: CO = 34,32 % и N2 = 65,66 %. Библ. 8, рис. 6.
Rendering stylistically marked units in the novel Depeche Mode by Serhiy Zhadan: a comparative study
Authors: Onyshchuk Mariia
Published: March 2020

The study analyzes lexemes and word combinations of colloquial style, slang and low colloquial language, performs their comparative analysis at word level, looks into the transformational patterns that the structures undergo during literary translation into English and Russian, and discusses the advantages and flaws of the applied translation strategies through suggesting adequate translation solutions. In the article, the argument is made that the translation strategies of substandard lexis reflect the interdisciplinary nature of expressive meaning and connotation which can be conveyed differently through various language levels during literary translation.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF FUNCTIONING OF THE ENERGY SERVICE MARKET
Authors: Brych Bogdan
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The market for energy services has virtually taken shape. However, today, due to the difficult economic situation, it, like other directions of the national economy, is experiencing an unfavourable period. The issue of studying and implementing international experience in Ukrainian realities is an urgent one, which will make it possible to unlock the potential of energy service development in Ukraine.
Methods. The study used materials of professional publications, normative and legal acts on the formation of energy services market. The systematic approach, analytical method, methods of comparative analysis and modelling were used to solve the tasks.
Results. The statistics of energy service development in countries such as China, France, England and Germany were analysed in the paper. The international and national publications were also analyzed. The specifics of the development of energy-saving activities in the countries of the European Union (EU) were presented, as well as an overview of the main legislative provisions both at EU level and by country. Along with best practices, previous stages of market formation in Ukraine are analysed, obstacles to the development of energy services were identified.
Discussion. Having studied and analysed the activities of energy service companies, the following research perspectives can be identified based on international experience in defining a development strategy: cooperation with international associations (VFW, ESCO Forum, VDMA; development under the directives: The Energy Services Directive, ESD 2006/32 / EC, the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, EPBD, 2010/31 / EU).
Keywords: energy service, services, ESCO contract, international experience.
MARKETING MANAGEMENT OF COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISE PRODUCTS
Authors: Nianko Vitalii , Karpenko Vitalii , Nezdorovin Oleksandr
Published: March 2020

Introduction. In the conditions of globalization of Ukraine, there is a need to increase the effectiveness of marketing management of the formation and development of competitive advantages of economic systems at different levels of management, creation of a modern institutional base to ensure favourable conditions for increasing the competitiveness of domestic producers in the domestic and foreign markets. Today, the development of the economy depends on the viability and creativity of the marketing system, which is an effective means for solving the problem of quality management and competitiveness of goods and services.
Methods. The methods of theoretical and creative understanding of the selected topic were used in the study. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the position of economic theory, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on marketing. The following research methods were used: monograph – in studying the essence of marketing at the enterprise, dialectical method of cognition – in the study of planning and substantiation of the concept of marketing; theoretical generalization and comparison – for the development of the conceptual apparatus and the study of marketing support; abstract and logical – in the theoretical generalization of the essence and mechanisms of marketing management. Monographic works and scientific publications on its subject were the informative basis of the research.
Results. The essence and content of the concept of marketing are revealed. It is substantiated that the development of marketing support is a complex dialectical process of interaction of environmental factors and purposeful influence of factors related to the production of competitive products that satisfy certain market needs. The essence, tasks, basic tools and principles of marketing support are considered and substantiated. Organizational components of innovative marketing of enterprises are developed and scientifically substantiated on the basis of ensuring coordinated interaction of their innovation and marketing activities. The essence and content of the term “innovative marketing” are defined. The classification of varieties of innovative marketing depending on their functionality is offered.
Discussion. In the future, an effective mechanism of rational marketing functioning for various situational and market fluctuations in the conditions of market volatility will be developed.
Keywords: marketing, marketing support, marketing environment, enterprise management, marketing research, competitiveness.
DIGITAL PLATFORM FOR DETERMINATION AND MONITORING OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION BUSSINESS BUSINESS STRUCTURE
Authors: Strutynska Iryna
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The definition of the Digital Transformation Index for Business Structures is extremely relevant in terms of digitizing the global economy. A digital platform that would serve as an information base for domestic business entities will foster the creation of an appropriate eco-culture for digital maturity determination, create healthy competition between businesses to compare Index results, promote digital literacy for business owners and, accordingly, human capital organizations.
Methods. The basic methods of research are based on general and empirical methods of economic science, based on a systematic approach. Modern JavaScript technologies have been used to design and implement the core functionality of the platform, namely React, an open JavaScript library to create user interfaces that addresses the problems of partially updating the content of a web page encountered in one-page application development. In addition, several assistive technologies and libraries were used: Firebase - to access the database; Chartist - to display graphs; Formik - to create forms; React-router - for web site navigation; Yup - for validation.
Results. The substantiation of the need to design and develop a digital platform that would automate the process of data collection, processing and automatic determination of the Index of digital transformation of business structures were described in the article. The main blocks of the questionnaire are structured for the effective functioning of the questionnaire algorithm and data collection. The basic user requirements that the platform must meet are described. The main technologies and libraries that were used to develop the appropriate digital platform are characterised.
Discussion. Future versions of the survey will reflect the findings with a large number of respondents. It is only when a large amount of data is received on the platform will apply cluster analysis techniques to group enterprises into appropriate clusters and make appropriate group recommendations.
Keywords: digital transformation, digital platform, digital business transformation index, evaluation, result, recommendations.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UNDERSTANDING TRANSPARENCY IN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND ACCOUNTING
Authors: Tsaruk Vasyl
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Improving the corporate governance system in modern conditions presupposes ensuring its transparency, which will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of decisions made both by the management of corporate structures and by external stakeholders. It is necessary to determine the components of this category to ensure a high level of corporate transparency, which will form further ways to improve it, in particular, by developing a system of accounting and analytical support for corporate governance. Methods. The author uses dialectical and systematic approaches to study the features and differences of corporate governance and accounting systems; abstract and logical method – for theoretical generalizations and substantiation of ways of improving accounting for corporate needs of enterprises. Results. The absence of a common understanding of the concept of corporate transparency has been determined. Three main options for understanding the importance of transparency in corporate governance and accounting have been identified. The features of understanding of transparency in corporate governance in the context of the stakeholder approach have been revealed. The features of ensuring corporate transparency in the context of the existence of the problem of economic security and confidentiality of information have been highlighted. Information transparency in the corporate structure is defined as a system of relationships and interactions between its stakeholders, which is that the entities generating and disseminating information provide all other interested parties with the necessary information for the management decisions and their further implementation in the necessary form. Discussion. Research prospects consist in certain components of the concept of transparency in corporate governance, used by researchers to substantiate its essence (openness, understandability, quality). Keywords: corporate governance, transparency, accounting principles, quality characteristics of useful financial information.
PRICING IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE MECHANISM OF FUNCTIONING
OF THE MARKET FOR ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Vdovychenko Andrii
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Despite the obvious expansion of production of organic agricultural products, the main regulatory elements of this market do not bring the expected effect from the functioning of its entities, which leads to an extremely slow pace in the formation of the domestic market for organic agricultural products. In this regard, a fairly significant regulatory market tool is the pricing system, which, under appropriate conditions, will develop an effective market for organic agricultural products, which ultimately will lead to the optimal solution of the social and environmental problems of the agricultural sector of our state.
Methods. A number of general theoretical methods of scientific cognition have been applied, in particular, monographic, system and structural, abstract and logical, factor and correlation analysis, economic and mathematical modelling and others.
Results. A number of factors of influence on this process were identified on the basis of the study and substantiation of a number of features of market pricing in the structure of the functioning mechanism of the market for organic agricultural products, highlighting those characteristic exclusively for the studied area. It is proved that the combined influence of certain factors contributes to its multi-level reflection in the process of pricing in the market of organic agricultural products. Some restrictions on the establishment of an equilibrium price on the market of organic agricultural products are determined in connection with the specificity of its model, which indicate the possibility of forming theoretical structures for achieving an equilibrium state mainly in the short term. At the same time, the given situation does not provide full self-regulation of the market under study due to the influence of various kinds of bifurcation manifestations, making it necessary to implement state support based on the consideration of institutional instrumental content.
Discussion. The study of the features of market pricing in the structure of the functioning mechanism of the market for organic agricultural products will allow, taking into account the system of basic moral and ethical norms and rules that determine the principles of economic interaction of business entities and the formation of legal support, timely identify and optimally solve the environmental, social and economic problems of agricultural sectors of our country, thereby ensuring rational environmental management, the balanced development of the agricultural sphere and improving people's health. It can be reasonably argued that the process of pricing in the organic agricultural market is ensured, in the main, with significant changes in the system of state regulation of this process, which further shapes the direction of scientific research in this regard.
Keywords: pricing, market, organic agricultural products, features, factors, tools, transportation, marketing.
Hydrological regime and physico-chemical water properties of various types of peat bog sites: case study of Mezilesní peat bog, Šumava Mts.
Authors: Doležal Tomáš , Vlček Lukáš , Kocum Jan , Janský Bohumír
Published: March 2020

In a period with frequently occurring hydrological extremes, research on areas with a high retention potential is brought into focus. The Šumava Mountains peat bogs are important parts of the landscape in the headwater area of the Otava river basin. The study objective is to describe the variability of discharges and the dynamics of groundwater level changes in various types of peat bogs, and to identify connections between observed physico-chemical water properties. This is assessed by basic statistical methods. The rainfall-runoff process and physico-chemical water properties can be affected by many factors. In this case, strong relations between the observed parameters were identified along with considerable differences in the involvement of various types of peat bog sites in the runoff process. It is evident that the peat bog pattern and its vegetation cover have an essential effect on the hydrological regime and water properties stored in a peat bog.
Flash floods in Moravia and Silesia during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Authors: Halásová Olga , Brázdil Rudolf
Published: March 2020

A range of documentary evidence and systematic meteorological/hydrological observations were employed to create a database of flash floods for Moravia and Silesia (the eastern part of Czechia) in the 19th and 20th centuries. The data extracted were used for an analysis of the spatiotemporal variability of flash floods, based on the frequency of days with flash floods and the number of municipalities affected. The dynamic climatology of flash floods was interpreted using the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute classification of synoptic types. Descriptions of flash-flood-related damage enabled their further division into six different types. Examples of three outstanding flash floods are described in more detail. All interpreted results are discussed with respect to spatiotemporal data uncertainty and their national and broader central European context. Flash floods constitute significant extreme natural events in Moravia and Silesia; knowledge of them, and more detailed investigation, are important to risk reduction.
ADOECIMENTO DE PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE TRANSTORNO AFETIVO BIPOLAR UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Artioli Pâmela Gomes , Lima Natiely Souza , Silva Camila
Published: March 2020

Introdução: Com o passar dos anos, além de doenças laborais físicas, surge um novo cenário de doenças emocionais que vem afetando gradativamente profissionais da área da docência a pesquisa em questão visou identificar os transtornos mentais que mais provocam afastamento de docentes em instituições de ensino superior, (com ênfase no transtorno bipolar), onde contribuiu para se aprofundar a análise de fatores relacionados a esse tipo de transtorno. Objetivos: os objetivos deste estudo, são de realizar análise crática e reflexiva quanto ao número elevado de professores de ensino superior com o Transtorno Afetivo Bipolar, e a relação dos fatores associados a este impedimento dos profissionais, destacar também questões relativas à saúde mental, e identificar quais são as consequências que implicam na rotina de trabalho desses professores e o aumento de docentes com diagno?stico de Transtorno Bipolar. Materiais e Métodos: Quanto à fundamentação teórica, trata-se de um referencial bibliográfico ao passo que utiliza de literaturas científicas disponibilizadas por meio eletrônico. Utilizando-se como técnica de análise de dados a análise de conteúdo interpretativa. Os critérios de inclusão que foram usados são: publicações em português, entre os anos de 2000 a 2018 disponíveis na íntegra. Conclusão: Por fim chegou-se ao entendimento de que além da sobrecarga os docentes remanescentes, o adoecimento crescente dos profissionais da educação compromete a qualidade de vida desses profissionais.

Introduction: Over the years, in addition to physical work-related illnesses, a new scenario of emotional diseases emerges that has gradually affected professionals in the teaching area. The research in question aimed at identifying the mental disorders that cause the most withdrawal of teachers in higher education institutions, (with emphasis on bipolar disorder), where it contributed to deepen the analysis of factors related to this type of disorder. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to perform a critical and reflexive analysis regarding the high number of teachers of higher education with Bipolar Affective Disorder, and the relation of the factors associated with this impediment of the professionals, also highlight issues related to mental health, and identify what are the consequences that imply in the work routine of these teachers and the increase of teachers diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder. Materials and Methods: Regarding the theoretical basis, it is a bibliographical reference while using scientific literatures made available electronically. The analysis of interpretive content was used as data analysis technique. The inclusion criteria that were used are: publications in Portuguese, between the years 2000 to 2018 available in full. Conclusion: Finally, it was understood that in addition to overloading the remaining teachers, the growing sickness of education professionals compromises the quality of life of these professionals.
CONTAMINAÇÃO POR ENTEROPARASITAS EM AREIA DE PRAÇAS E LOCAIS DE RECREAÇÃO DO MUNICÍPIO DE PORTO VELHO, RONDÔNIA, AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL, BRASIL
Authors: Junior Arlindo Gonzaga Branco , Lima Leo Christyan Alves , Souza Camila Fanzoni , Carvalho Adressa Pereira , Lima Priscila Aparecima Marques , Terassini Flávio Aparecido
Published: March 2020

Neste trabalho procurou-se avaliar a contaminação de areias de praças e locais de recreação de Porto Velho, RO, por helmintos e protozoários. Foram selecionadas 11 praças em diferentes bairros da cidade e coletadas amostras de areia de forma direta em sacos plásticos, encaminhadas e analisadas no laboratório de Parasitologia da Faculdade São Lucas através do método de Hoffman, Pons e Janer. Os resultados foram positivos para parasitas em cinco (45,5%) das praças analisadas, sendo identificados os parasitos Entamoeba Coli (100%), larvas de Ancylostoma spp foram encontradas em três praças (60%) e duas praças  apresentaram-se contaminadas por ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides (40%). Conclui-se, portanto, identificou-se parasitos que ameaçam a saúde pública nas amostras analisadas e com isso a necessidades de medidas mitigatórias dos riscos nas áreas estudadas.
The aim of this research is evaluate the sand contamination by helminth and protozoan in squares in Porto Velho, RO. It was selected 11 squares in different districts and collected samples of sand directly in plastic bags. The samples were sent and analyzed at College São Lucas Parasitology Laboratory by Hoffman, Pons and Janer methodology. The result was positive for parasites in five (45,5%) analyzed squares, the parasites identified in this research were: Entamoeba coli (100%), Ancylostoma spp larvae were found in three squares (60%) and two squares were contaminated by eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (40%). Therefore, the conclusion is there were parasites that can threaten the public health in the analyzed samples and the government need to do the necessary interventions in those risk areas.
Modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment of Eagle’s syndrome
Authors: Zinchenko Dmitro O. , Zabolotna Diana D. , Savchenko Tamila D. , Rylska Oksana G. , Peleshenko Natalia O. , Chochia Mirza S.
Published: March 2020

Stylohyoid syndrome (Eagle Sterling syndrome) – a complex of symptoms caused by the change in the position, shape and size of the styloideus process and (or) calcification of the stylohyoideus and submucosal ligaments, resulting in irritation of the dorsal and posterior process and muscle structures.
As a rule, this disease is not diagnosed because of the low awareness of practitioners. Patients with different diagnoses are treated by different specialists: dentists, ENTs, neurologists, and prolonged symptomatic treatment is ineffective. In patients with the presence of Eagle Sterling syndrome impaired performance is present and dramatically reduced quality of life, which determines the social significance and relevance of problem of diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Materials and methods: During the period from 2009 to 2020 in the department of inflammatory diseases of ENT-organs of the State Institution «O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Otolaryngology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» 13 persons with this pathology (10 men and 3 women) aged from 25 to 60 years, who turned to our institution after unsuccessful treatment by a neurologist, dentist and specialists of other related specialties, were examined and operated. 3 people were diagnosed with a stylo-carotid and in 10 – stylopharyngeal type of SHS.
Surgical removal of styloideus process of the temporal bone, depending on the anatomical features of the styloideus process, was performed by external access at the anterior edge of the nodding muscle (10 patients) or transoral access (3 patients).
Results: No patients were observed in the postoperative period, the wounds healed with primary intention.
The disappearance of the pain syndrome a few days after surgery was noted in 7 patients, in others complaints it persisted up to 1 month, while there was a positive trend, and only 1 patient remained the intensity and nature of the pain syndrome.
Thus, patients with the Eagle’s syndrome have a high effect of surgical treatment and relatively short postoperative rehabilitation, which significantly improves their quality of life.
Parte 1: Acredito que um artista está vitalmente comprometido com seu trabalho, por isso vive em estado de arte
Authors: Baltar Brígida
Published: March 2020

Entrevista de Brígida Baltar a ArteEnsaios -- com participação de Elisa de Magalhães, Ivair Reinaldim, Juliana de Paulo, Lara Ovídio, Ricardo Basbaum e Wilton Montenegro -- na residência da artista, em Copacabana, em 13 de maio de 2017.
Editorial
Authors: Flys Junquera Carmen , Goodbody Axel
Published: March 2020

Editorial
Tilting for Windmills: Climate Change, Websites, and Ecocritical Pedagogy
Authors: Murphy Patrick D
Published: March 2020

Key words: digital media, multimedia technology, climate change, cyber ecocriticism, pedagogy Ecocriticism in general has concentrated on literary texts and has relegated other types of texts, particularly digital and interactive texts which are those which arguably have the greatest influence and readership in the 21st century. Thus, the need for ecocritical study of digital media, which would combine the investigation of the rhetorical and narrative features both of websites as a totality and of their specific content, as well as reception and reader response analyses. Using the experience of a graduate course, the multiple benefits of this approach illustrates how the ecocritique of digital media can achieve numerous objectives in a variety of pedagogical situations and provide a way to integrate environmental issues into skill dominant courses.    Palabras clave: medios audiovisuales y digitales, tecnología multimedia, cambio climático, ecocritica cibernética, pedagogía  La ecocrítica en general se ha centrado en textos literarios y ha relegado otros tipos de textos, en particular textos digitales e interactivos que podría decirse que son los de mayor influencia y mayor número de lectores del siglo XXI.  Por ello es necesario el estudio ecocrítico de los medios de comunicación digitales, que combinaría la investigación de las características retóricas y narrativas de tanto las páginas web en su totalidad como de su contenido específico, así como de los análisis de la recepción y de la respuesta del lector. Usando la experiencia de un curso de postgrado, los múltiples beneficios de este enfoque ilustran cómo la ecocrítica de los medios de comunicación digitales pueden conseguir numerosos objetivos en una variedad de situaciones pedagógicas y proporcionar una manera de integrar los temas medioambientales en cursos predominantemente centrados en la adquisición de destrezas.
Whose there is there, there? Queer Directions and Ecocritical Orientations
Authors: Mortimer-Sandilands Catriona
Published: March 2020

Key words: queer ecocriticism, environmental justice, ecophobia, performativity, normative heterosexuality This essay outlines the necessary role of queer ecocriticism as one of unsettling normative thinking about environmental issues and defamiliarizing some ecocritical practices. In particular, a queer ecocritic can propose a rethinking of what our reinhabitation of the world should be like. Other questions as the implications of the intersection between sex and nature or the rethinking of nature itself as queerly performative in the fact that species become themselves over and over again through a process of evolutionary “satisficing” according to the demands of their environment should also be addresssed. Likewise, queer ecocriticism can question the role of the senses and corporeal relations in experiencing place.  Palabras clave: ecocritica queer, justicia medioambiental, ecofobia, performatividad, heterosexualidad normativa Este ensayo esboza el papel necesario de la ecocrítica queer para cuestionar el  pensamiento normativo sobre temas medioambientales y como defamiliarización de algunas prácticas ecocríticas. En particular, un/a ecocrítico/a queer puede proponer un nuevo planteamiento de cómo debería ser nuestra re-habitación del mundo. Otras cuestiones son las implicaciones de los cruces entre sexo y naturaleza o el volver a pensar en la naturaleza como “performativa” desde una perspectiva queer en el sentido de que las especies se convierten en sí mismas una y otra vez a través de un proceso evolucionario de satisfacer en grado suficiente según las demandas de su entorno. De la misma manera, la ecocrítica queer puede cuestionar el papel de los sentidos y de las relaciones corporales al experimentar el lugar.
L’Errore di Cartesio
Authors: Re Anna
Published: March 2020

Keywords: Dualism, Réné Descartes,  Antonio Damasio, body, mind, nature The article aims at discussing and overcoming traditional dualisms which consider the body inferior to mind. According to Antonio Damasio nature appears to have built the apparatus of rationality not just on top of the apparatus of biological regulation, but also from it and with it. Failure to see this is Descartes’ error. Far from there being a separation, sharp or ragged, between mind and body, mind cannot exist or operate at all without body. The idea that the body’s needs set the pace and indirectly drive the brain’s decisions is not new, but Damasio makes a more interesting proposal out of it. In particular, he shows how this intimate body-involvement plays important roles in explaining some of the juicier and more mysterious facts of “phenomenology”.  Moreover, this new dialectical relation between nature and mind gives nature a new value and a new role in our interpretation of the world.  Palabras clave: Dualismo, Réné Descartes,  Antonio Damasio, cuerpo, mente, naturaleza.  El artículo pretende tratar y superar los dualismos que consideran el cuerpo inferior a la mente. Según Antonio Damasio, la naturaleza parece haber construido el aparato de racionalidad no sólo sobre el aparato de regulación biológica, sino también desde él y con él. El error de Descartes fue no verlo. Lejos de haber separación, aguda o irregular, entre mente y cuerpo, la mente no puede para nada existir o funcionar sin el cuerpo. La idea de que las necesidades corporales marcan el paso y dirigen indirectamente las decisiones del cerebro no es nueva, pero de ella Damasio saca una propuesta más interesante. En particular, muestra cómo esta íntima participación del cuerpo desempeña un papel importante a la hora de explicar algunos de los hechos más jugosos y misteriosos de la “fenomenología”. Además, esta nueva relación dialéctica entre naturaleza y mente da un nuevo valor a la naturaleza y un nuevo papel en nuestra interpretación del mundo.
European Ecocriticism: Negotiating the Challenges of Fragmentation?
Authors: Bellarsi Franca
Published: March 2020

Key words: European ecocriticism, Canadian ecological identity, federation, European nature, European identity, diversity, fragmentation, bioregional network, eco-comparatist, multilingual ecocriticism European ecocriticism is distinguished from ‘ecocriticism made in USA’ by geo-physical fragmentation, the absence of shared encounters of the human with the non-human, and linguistic and political heterogeneity. There is no unitary continental consciousness. However, linguistic and cultural diversity can be an asset rather than a disadvantage, if it is allowed to steer European ecocriticism in a new direction. The European terrain invites ecocritics to become multilingual eco-comparatists, paying special attention to how linguistic representation aids and hampers environmental consciousness.  Palabras clave: eco crítica europea, identidad ecológica canadiense, federación, naturaleza europea, identidad europea, diversidad, fragmentación, red bioregional, eco-comparatista, eco crítica multilingüe. La ecocrítica europea se distingue de la ecocrítica ‘made in USA’ por la fragmentación geofísica, la ausencia de encuentros compartidos de lo humano con lo no-humano y por la heterogeneidad lingüística y política. No hay una conciencia continental unitaria. Sin embargo, la diversidad cultural y lingüística puede ser una ventaja más que una desventaja si se la permite dirigir la ecocrítica europea en una nueva dirección. El terreno europeo invita a los ecocríticos a convertirse en eco-comparatistas multilingües, prestando especial atención a cómo la representación lingüística ayuda y obstaculiza a la conciencia medioambiental.
État des lieux de la pensée écocritique française
Authors: Posthumus Stephanie
Published: March 2020

Key words: écocritique française, littérature et écologie, représentation littéraire du paysage, Nathalie Blanc, éthique animale  Ecocriticism may be in its infancy in France, yet it has the potential to make a distinctive contribution. The few current French members of ASLE generally work in American Studies. However, their focus on narrative strategy and poetic structures suggests a difference in approach which parallels that between French political ecology and Anglo-American thinking on the environment. The editors of a recent ecocritical publication identified the central question for their compatriots as one of literary aesthetics. Current research in France includes work on literary landscapes, animals and the aesthetics of urban environments. There are, of course, also ecocritics writing in French outside France. Palabras clave: ecocrítica francesa, literatura y ecología, representación literaria del paisaje, Nathalie Blanc, ética animal Puede que la ecocrítica en Francia aún esté en su infancia, pero tiene el potencial para hacer una contribución distintiva.  Los pocos miembros franceses de ASLE en la actualidad trabajan generalmente Estudios Norteamericanos. Sin embargo, su foco en la estrategia narrativa y en las estructuras poéticas sugiere una diferencia en el enfoque paralela a la que hay entre la ecología política francesa  y el pensamiento medioambiental anglo-americano. Los editores de una reciente publicación ecocrítica identificaron para sus compatriotas la cuestión central como una de estética literaria. La investigación actual en Francia incluye el trabajo sobre paisajes literarios, sobre animales, y sobre la estética de entornos urbanos. Por supuesto, también hay fuera de Francia ecocríticos/as que escriben en francés.
Une Lecture Écocritique de Marguerite Yourcenar
Authors: Sanz Teo
Published: March 2020

Key words: Marguerite Yourcenar, engagement écologique littéraire, Agrippa d'Aubigné, sensibilité vis-à-vis de la nature, dissolution dans la nature, fragilité des forêts, éthique se l'environnement non anthropocentrée  The Belgian-French novelist Marguerite Yourcenar is a rare example of an established literary figure whose writing in French cries out for ecocritical attention. Discovering environmental pollution and destruction as an issue in the late 1950s, when she went to live in the USA, Yourcenar became an active supporter of conservationist and animal rights initiatives, and began to express her commitment to reconciliation between humans, non-human life and the inanimate environment in her fiction and critical essays on French literature. A fascination with pristine wilderness speaks from her last novel, published in 1982, whose protagonist relinquishes human individuality to become one with sublime nature.   Palabras clave: Marguerite Yourcenar, compromiso ecológico literario, Agrippa d'Aubigné, sensibilidad con la naturaleza, disolución en la naturaleza, fragilidad de los bosques, ética del medioambiente no antropocéntrico.  La novelista franco belga Marguerite Yourcenar es un raro ejemplo de figura literaria de reconocido prestigio cuyos escritos en francés claman atención ecocrítica. Cuando emigró a Estados Unidos a finales de los años 1950 descubrió el problema de la contaminación y destrucción medioambiental y se convirtió en colaboradora activa en iniciativas conservacionistas y pro derechos de los animales. Comenzó a expresar su compromiso con la reconciliación entre los seres humanos, los seres vivos no humanos y el medioambiente inanimado en su literatura y en ensayos críticos sobre literatura francesa. De su última novela, publicada en 1982, en la que la protagonista abandona la individualidad humana para fundirse con la naturaleza sublime emana una fascinación con la prístina naturaleza salvaje.
Not So Very Long Ago
Authors: Hogan Linda
Published: March 2020

Linda Hogan Linda Hogan (1947), a successful poet, short story writer, novelist, playwright, and essayist whose tribal affiliation is Chickasaw, spent most of her childhood in Oklahoma and Colorado. She taught at the University of Minnesota, and has been an associate professor in the English Dept. at the University of Colorado in Boulder (where she obtained her MA in 1978), since 1989. She has served on the National Endowment for the Arts poetry panel for two years and has been involved in wildlife rehabilitation as a volunteer. The main focus and movement of Linda's work concerns the traditional indigenous view of and relationship to the land, animals and plants. She has won numerous awards, such as the 2002 Wordcraft Circle Writer of the Year (Creative Prose: Memoir), the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Native Writers' Circle of the Americas (1998), the prestigious Lannan Award, which may not be applied for, for outstanding achievement in poetry (1994), the Oklahoma Book Award for fiction in 1991, and the American Book Award (1986). She was one of three finalists for the Pulitzer in 1990.
The Eyes of the Animals
Authors: Hogan Linda
Published: March 2020

Linda Hogan Linda Hogan (1947), a successful poet, short story writer, novelist, playwright, and essayist whose tribal affiliation is Chickasaw, spent most of her childhood in Oklahoma and Colorado. She taught at the University of Minnesota, and has been an associate professor in the English Dept. at the University of Colorado in Boulder (where she obtained her MA in 1978), since 1989. She has served on the National Endowment for the Arts poetry panel for two years and has been involved in wildlife rehabilitation as a volunteer. The main focus and movement of Linda's work concerns the traditional indigenous view of and relationship to the land, animals and plants. She has won numerous awards, such as the 2002 Wordcraft Circle Writer of the Year (Creative Prose: Memoir), the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Native Writers' Circle of the Americas (1998), the prestigious Lannan Award, which may not be applied for, for outstanding achievement in poetry (1994), the Oklahoma Book Award for fiction in 1991, and the American Book Award (1986). She was one of three finalists for the Pulitzer in 1990.
Among the Vultures, Alcoy
Authors: Gifford Terry
Published: March 2020

Terry Gifford is the author of six collections of poetry, including The Unreliable Mushrooms: New and Selected Poems (Redbeck Press, 2003). Green Voices: Understanding Contemporary Nature Poetry (Manchester University Press, 1995; second edition due in 2010) was acclaimed as ‘the first comprehensive British study of contemporary ecopoetry’. Co-author of Ted Hughes: A Critical Study (Faber and Faber, 1981), his ecocritical study of Ted Hughes (2009) was recently published by Routledge. Also author of Reconnecting With John Muir: Essays in Post-Pastoral Practice (University of Georgia Press, 2006) and Pastoral (Routledge, 1999) and he is Visiting Professor at the University of Chichester, UK and Profesor Honorario at the University of Alicante, Spain.
Editorial, Vol. 1, No 2
Authors: Goodbody Axel
Published: March 2020

Editorial, Vol. 1, No 2
Guest Editor Introduction
Authors: Grewe-Volpp Christa
Published: March 2020

Introduction to the guest editor section
Reflections on Literature and Environment: An Interview with Scott Slovic
Authors: Villanueva-Romero Diana
Published: March 2020

This is an interview with Prof. Scott Slovic conducted in Reno, Nevada, in 2006. It deals with the origins of ecocriticism, its institutionalization and expansion in the world.ResumenEntrevista con el Dr. Scott Slovic realizada en Reno, Nevada en 2006. Trata de los origenes de la ecocritica, su institucionalizacion y expansion en el mundo.