bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asssurance of the competitiveness of metropolis railway station complexes based on the assessment of the demand for retail services
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Skorobogatykh Irina I. , Murtuzalieva Taira V. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Shirochenskaya Irina P. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Perepelkin Nikolay A. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Ivashkova Natalia I. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results based on the data of a comprehensive market research on the state of retail facilities managed by Moscow railway stations (in the buildings, on platforms and adjacent territory) and on the level of demand for services in the station complexes to ensure the competitiveness of stations by improving the quality of passenger shopping services. The authors have developed an integrated methodology of marketing research of retail facilities functioning at Moscow railway stations, including observation of retail facilities state and determination of demand for services in the course of an online survey of passengers. The study also provides directions for improvement of customer experience, maximization of satisfaction of railway station visitors to enhance the competitiveness of station complexes as urban infrastructure facilities of the metropolis. With this purpose, the paper presents the calculation and analysis of the retail space sizes in terms of the general value-added use of the railway station zones; proposes the index of importance of retail service and the list of the most popular services for the railway station passengers; describes the market rental prices according to the types of trading objects.
Tourists’ locus of control impact on destination brands online reviews: Destination employees’ efficiency as a mediator
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Saleh Mahmoud Ibraheam
Published: September 2022

Tourist behavior is crucial when studying tourists’ reviews. Fleeting but powerful, greedy behavior drives tourists to exaggerate negativity while reviewing tourism destination brands. To date, however, the current studies on tourism have not considered the role of greed to harm destination reputations. To address the issue, this study relies on locus of control theory as one of critical theories that treat consumer behavior. The study investigates the correlation between tourists’ locus of control and their review of tourism destinations in terms of the employees’ efficiency at destinations. The study uses a distributed survey among 230 frequent travelers using STATA software to analyze regressions for data analysis and mediation analysis. The study uses different measurement scales with 17 items to ensure the reliability and validity of the research. The results revealed that tourists who attribute the holiday success to their choices of destinations, provide positive reviews of those destinations and do not exaggerate negative feedback in the reviews. The study also shows that employees’ efficiency at the destination plays a crucial role as a mediator between tourists’ locus of control and their reviews. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Development of a system of performance targets for a professional football club
Authors:   The Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Namadov Vladimir D. ,   The Moscow City Investment Agency, Solntsev Ilya V. ,   The Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2022

The football business is of interest to researchers and investors as a potentially promising area for the development of management theory and investment respectively. One of the important issues in this context is performance management of professional football clubs. In this paper authors propose the criteria characterizing the effectiveness of a football club and build up a system of target indicators (KPI) aimed at quantitatively measuring of the strategic directions of development. The system of balanced scorecards is taken as a basis and includes four blocks: sporting achievements, financial indicators, negotiations with fans, effective management. The assessment criteria were selected based on scientific research in the field of sports management, and the assessment system was tested on the example of three football clubs: PFC CSKA (Russia), Olympique Lyon (France) and Copenhagen (Denmark). The proposals offered in this study can be used by professional football clubs and football federations in building up their development strategies and for the purposes of operational management to improve performance and create unique competitive advantages. Other kinds of team sports can also apply the proposed system of indicators.
Revisiting the concepts of liability of foreignness and liability of outsidership from foreign subsidiary management perspective
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Sato Akiko
Published: September 2022

The concepts of liability of foreignness and liability of outsidership have been central in international business research. The Uppsala model explains that firms often face obstacles and opportunities in management practices in a host market when internationalizing abroad. International business scholars discussed these concepts redundantly but vaguely in the literature. Only a few literature sources defined and utilized the concepts clearly over the last decade, however, it has not been demonstrated how the key constructs help to explain firms’ foreign subsidiary management. Therefore, the study reconsiders the concepts and identifies a proper utilization of the concepts in the texts drawing on an intensive systematic literature review in the leading international business and strategy journals from 2011 to 2021. The study also analyzes the articles in which the authors find ambiguous and overlapping use of the concepts by clarifying key constructs as identifiers. The study integrates defensive and offensive options for overcoming liability of foreignness and liability of outsidership into our conceptual model of operational structures from the foreign subsidiary management perspectives. The study contributes by providing a novel intensive literature review of the concepts over the last decade; by clarifying the key identifiers to distinguish the concepts in the leading international business and strategy journals; by proposing newly integrated conceptual models of defensive and offensive options from foreign subsidiary management perspectives with the focus on intra-organizational structures for operational aspects.
Online education: on the joint use of state property by Russian universities
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Linskaya Yulia V. , Suyazov Vyacheslav V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: September 2022

The development of online education system in the Russian Federation has accelerated significantly with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which required an immediate response from the public authorities. Online courses as a form of educational programs at universities allows for the continuity of the learning process in a remote form due to the restrictions imposed since the beginning of the pandemic. The process of digitalization began long time before 2020, with the adoption of the state strategic programs in the field of education, in which online education plays an important role. Despite a widespread use of online courses there remain problems of a legal and organizational nature. The solution of such problems at the federal level will ensure a more effective implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to get quality and affordable education. To solve these problems the article proposes the principle of joint use of state property by universities which is created at the expense of budgetary funds and supported by appropriate legal regulation on the part of the state authorities at the federal and regional levels.
Summer Camps for Schoolchildren in the System for the Prevention of Teenage Neglect and Crime in the 1960s — mid-1970s
Authors:   Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, Kamaeva E. V.
Published: September 2022

In the 1960s and 1970s there was a significant increase in juvenile delinquency in urban and rural areas. The tightening of measures to combat it did not radically change the situation, and the country’s leadership began to pay great attention to educational work, which was mainly entrusted to the Komsomol. One of the priority directions in the work of the Komsomol in this period was the organization of summer vacations for children. There was a search and testing of new forms of work, which was expressed in the creation of new types of summer camps for schoolchildren. On the basis of a wide range of archival materials, primarily reports from the departments of the school Komsomol, the process of creating camps in the city and the countryside is analyzed, and the problems that the Komsomol committees faced in the process of this work are highlighted. First of all, there is a lack of funding. It is shown that the labor and recreation camps for high school students who were striving to exist on the principles of self-sufficiency, created during this period, began to acquire great popularity. At the same time, labor, military, sports, and tourist camps for adolescents registered in the children’s room of the police began to be created. In this regard, there was a problem with training counselors for such camps. The Moscow city committee of the Komsomol was the first to begin training counselors from among student activists. The analysis of archival materials shows that regarding urban schoolchildren during the study period, various types of camps were created for all age groups. The situation was different in rural areas. For the first time, inter-collective farm camps began to appear in the districts, however, they did not become widespread.
lnterleukin-1β Converting Enzyme: Biology and the Chemistry of Inhibitors
Authors: Dolle R. E. , Ator M. A.
Published: September 2022

Interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE) catalyzes processing of biologically inactive pro IL-1β to mature II-1β. IL-1β is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory diseases, suggesting that compounds which inhibit ICE and reduce levels of the mature cytokine may have therapeutic utility. ICE and related homologs also appear to play a role in the pathway leading to
apoptosis (programmed cell death), raising the possibility that inhibitors of ICE may be useful in/ '
diseases resulting from inappropriate regulation of apoptosis. ICE defines a new class of cysteine
protease as confirmed through X-ray crystal structure determination of peptide inhibitor-ICE complexes. The enzyme exists as a (p20)2/(p10)2 tetramer and binds its peptide inhibitors via an extended P-sheet. A variety of strategies for the discovery of inhibitors of ICE have been successfully explored. Peptidyl aspartyl aldehydes and phenylalkyl ketones are potent reversible inhibitors of the enzyme, in analogy with the classic results obtained with other cysteine proteases. Selective irreversible inhibition of ICE is provided by compounds such as aspartyl diazomethyl ketones and aspartyl (arylacyloxy)methyl ketones, which appear to inactivate the enzyme through alkylation of the side chain thiol of Cys285. Several structurally distinct functional groups can replace the (arylacyl)oxy- moiety as a leaving group, including diphenylphosphinic acid and 5-hydroxy-1-phenyl 3- trifluoromethyl-pyrazole. Non-peptidic 3-chloropyridazines have also been described as irreversible inactivators of ICE.
Agonists and Antagonists for Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
Authors: Ornstein P. L. , Schoepp D. D. , Monn J. A.
Published: September 2022

Glutamate (Glu) is a prominent excitatory amino acid (EAA) neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and it exerts its actions at a number of different receptor subclasses. lonotropic Glu receptors, such as the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), 2- amino-3-(5-methyl-3-hydroxyisoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA), and kainic acid subtypes, are coupled to ion channels, and transduce signals by gating the flow of calcium and sodium ions into the cell. Metabotropic EAA receptors (mGluRs) are coupled through G-proteins to intracellular enzymes such as phospholipase C (PLC) and adenylate cyclase (AC). Agonist activation of mG!uRs coupled to PLC produces an increase in the intracellular concentrations of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), while agonist activation of mG!uRs coupled to AC produces a decrease in intracellular concentrations of cyclic­ adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). At least eight distinct metabotropic receptor proteins (mGluRl-8) have been identified, and these can be divided into three groups. Group 1 mG!uRs consist of mG!uRl and mG!uR5, and are PLC-coupled receptors. Group 2 mG!uRs include mG!uR2 and mG!uR3, and are negatively coupled to AC.

Group 3 mG!uRs consist of mGluR4, mG!uR6, mGluR 7and mGluR8, and they are also negatively coupled to AC.
Many studies are currently underway to identify novel agonists and antagonists for these receptors. The discovery of such compounds will be an important step toward understanding the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of mG!uR activation in vivo, and will ultimately be essential in defining the therapeutic potential of selective mGluR agents. Novel aspects of the medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of metabotropic receptors are discussed in this review.
Recent Developments in Organic Nanotubes for Drug Delivery
Applications
Authors: Bhabal Manasi , Tiwari Abhishekh , Keshari Hemant , Shelar Uttam , Chaskar Atul Changdev
Published: September 2022

Over the past few years, nanoparticles have been widely used in therapeutic applications.
It is well acknowledged that nanoparticles have improved the shortcomings of conventional treatments.
The advantages and drawbacks of inorganic nanocarriers such as metal nanoparticles and
quantum dots have been extensively studied. Although carbon nanotubes have been touted as a
prominent medication delivery method, their physicochemical characteristics, such as low water
solubility, limited circulation time, etc., restrict their use. Compared to hard matter tubes like carbon
and other inorganic matter, organic nanotubes have better physiological properties such as
improved blood stability, longer circulation time, high serum solubility, etc. The current study focuses
on recent developments in the use of organic nanotubes for drug delivery and the utilization
of their structural features. The soft, organic material that builds up these nanotubes has a synergistic
effect on biocompatibility and lowers cytotoxicity thus proving suitable for the potential use as
drug delivery carrier. The goals of this review are to identify the characteristics that support the
creation of new drug delivery systems and to shed light on current advancements that have been
reported in the literature. The paper also includes discussion of the difficulties in using these organic
nanotubes for applications in drug delivery as well as the potential for future research in this
field.
HOXA10 Expressing UCMSCs Transplantation Improved Endometrial
Receptivity on Endometrial Injury
Authors: Wu Meixian , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Yiwei , Li Yifan , Li Jinghui , Xie Jing , Zhao Shuang , Sun Lihua
Published: September 2022

Background:

Endometrial injury is considered the major cause of female infertility. Traditional therapies such as estrogen substitution therapy are not satisfactory due to individual variation in response to treatment, thereby warranting the use of alternative strategies such as stem cell therapy. Transplantation of stem cells, such as umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs), has been shown to improve endometrial healing. However, due to the effect of the intrauterine environment, the therapeutic effect of UCMSCs is limited, and its efficacy is unstable. HOXA10, encoded by the HOXA10 gene, plays an important role in endometrium morphology maintenance, proliferation, differentiation, and embryo implantation. Moreover, UCMSCs do not show HOXA10 expression.

Objective:

Our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of HOXA10-transfected UCMSCs on endometrial injury repair in vivo.

Methods:

First, we established T10-UCMSCs (UCMSCs transfected with HOXA10) for transplantation. To establish the endometrial injury model, we injected 95% ethanol into the uterine cavity and transplanted T10-UCMSCs into the uterine cavity from the cornua uteri. Fourteen days later, uteri were collected for histological and biochemical analysis of endometrial growth and receptivity.

Results:

Our results showed the endometrial receptivity was better in T10-UCMSCs group than in UCMSCs group, suggesting that HOXA10 could enhance the repairing ability of UCMSCs in the endometrium injury repair. More importantly, the fertility test showed that more embryos were implanted in the T10-UCMSCs group.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that UCMSCs with HOXA10 expressing could improve the therapeutic effects on endometrial injury repairing.
Symptom Burden in Patients on Maintenance Haemodialysis: Magnitude, Associated Factors, Patients’ attitude and Practice
Authors: Denis Georges Teuwafeu , Mbeng Ako Carole-Shennelle , Mahamat Maimouna , Bandolo Victorine Nzana , Acha Mukwelle Karla , Francois Kaze , Gloria Ashuntantang
Published: September 2022

Background:

Despite the enormous strides in haemodialysis technology and patient care in high-income countries, patients still experience a lot of symptoms which impair their quality of life (QoL). Data on symptom burden is lacking in low-income countries where the haemodialysis population is younger and access to care is limited.

Objectives:

To assess the symptom burden in patients on maintenance haemodialysis, its associated factors, patients’ attitude, and practice.

Materials and Methods:

All consenting patients on maintenance haemodialysis for at least 3 months in 2 referral hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon, were screened for symptoms. We excluded patients with dementia or those with acute illness. We used the Dialysis symptom index (DSI) and the modified Subjective Global Assessment tool to assess symptom burden and nutritional status, respectively. We analysed the data using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 26.0. A dialysis symptom index above the 75th percentile was considered a higher symptom burden.

Results:

we enrolled 181 participants (64.1% males) with a mean ±SD age of 46.46±14.19years. The median (IQR) dialysis vintage was 37[12-67.5] months and 37% (n=67) were on recombinant erythropoietin. All patients experienced at least a symptom with a median (IQR) of 12[8.0 – 16.0] symptoms per patient. Feeling tired/lack of energy (79%, n=143), decreased interest in sex (73.5%, n=133), dry skin (70.2%, n=127), difficulty becoming sexually aroused (62.4%, n=113), worrying (60.2%, n=109), bone/joint pain (56.4%, n=102), feeling nervous (50.8%, n=92), muscle cramps (50.8%, n=92) and dry mouth (50.3%, n=91) were the most frequent symptoms. The median (IQR) DSI severity score was 41[22.5-58.5] with 24.9% (n=45) having a higher symptom burden. Diabetes mellitus (AOR 5.50; CI 4.66-18.28, p=0.005), malnutrition (AOR 17.68; CI 3.02-103.59, p=0.001), poorly controlled diastolic blood pressure (AOR 4.19; CI 1.20-14.62, p=0.025) and less than 2 weekly sessions of dialysis (AOR 9.05, CI 2.83-28.91, p=<0.001) were independently associated with a higher symptom burden. Out of every 10 patients, 3 did not report their symptoms to the physicians with cost concern as the most reason (70.4%, n=38).

Conclusion:

In this young population where access to dialysis is limited, the symptom burden is high (100%). Active screening and management of enabling factors may reduce symptom burden and cost concern is the frequent reason symptoms are not reported to physicians.
Estimation of Human Absorbed Dose of
188Re-Hynic-Bombesin Based on
Biodistribution Data in Rats
Authors: Vosoughi Sara , Salek Nafise , Yousefnia Hassan , Delavari Milad , Reza Aghamiri Seyed Mahmoud , Ranjbar Hassan
Published: September 2022

Background:

HYNIC – Bombesin (BBN) is a potential peptide for targeted radionuclide therapy in gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr)-positive malignancies. The 188Re-HYNIC-BBN is a promising radiopharmaceutical for use in prostate cancer therapy.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to estimate the absorbed dose due to 188Re-HYNIC-BBN radio-complex in human organs based on bio-distribution data of rats.

Methods:

In this research, using bio-distribution data of 188Re-HYNIC-BBN in rats, its radiation absorbed dose of the adult human was calculated for different organs based on MIRD dose calculation method.

Results:

A considerable equivalent dose amount of 188Re-Hynic-BBN (0.093 mGy/MBq) was accumulated in the prostate. Moreover, all other tissues except for the kidneys and pancreas approximately received insignificant absorbed dose.

Conclusion:

Since the acceptable absorbed dose for the complex was observed in the prostate, 188Re-Hynic-Bombesin can be regarded as a new potential agent for prostate cancer therapy.
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Polyacrylamide with Polyacrylic
and Polymethacrylic Acids and Their Application for Modified Drug
Delivery - a Flash Review
Authors: Simeonov Marin , Kostova Bistra , Vassileva Elena
Published: September 2022

Polyacrylic and polymethacrylic acids in combination with polymers such as polyacrylamide provide the ability for controlled and sustained drug delivery since they represent pH- and temperature responsiveness. In addition, the synthesis techniques can be used to develop a higher level of supramolecular structures as the interpenetrating polymer networks – as bulk hydrogels or micro-/nanogels. They can provide the opportunity to organize and build up state-of-the-art carriers for different types of drugs thus providing ability to control their loading capacity and drug release performance. This flash review aims to summarize the efforts for synthesis of such interpenetrating polymer networks, their properties and to demonstrate the authors contributions into this field.
An Exploration of Herbal Extracts Loaded Phyto-phospholipid Complexes (Phytosomes) Against Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Formulation Considerations
Authors: Tiwari Gaurav , Tiwari Ruchi , Sharma Shubham , Ramachandran Vadivelan
Published: September 2022

Background:

Herbal preparations with low oral bioavailability have a fast first-pass metabolism in the gut and liver. To offset these effects, a method to improve absorption and, as a result, bioavailability must be devised.

Objective:

The goal of this study was to design, develop, and assess the in vivo toxicity of polyherbal phytosomes for ovarian cyst therapy.

Methods:

Using antisolvent and rotational evaporation procedures, phytosomes containing phosphatidylcholine and a combination of herbal extracts (Saraca asoca, Bauhinia variegata, and Commiphora mukul) were synthesized. For a blend of Saraca asoca, Bauhinia variegata, and Commiphora mukul, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), preformulation investigations, qualitative phytochemical screening, and UV spectrophotometric tests were conducted. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential, ex vivo release, and in vivo toxicological investigations were used to examine phytosomes.

Results:

FTIR studies suggested no changes in descriptive peaks in raw and extracted herbs although the intensity of peaks slightly reduced. Zeta potential values between -20.4 mV to -29.6 mV suggested stable phytosomes with accepted particle size range. Percentage yield and entrapment efficiency were directly corelated to amount of phospholipid used. Ex vivo studies suggested that the phytosomes with low content of phospholipids showing good permeation profiles. There was no difference in clinical indications between the extract-loaded phytosomes group and the free extract group in in vivo toxicological or histopathological examinations.

Conclusion:

The findings of current research work suggested that the optimized phytosomes based drug delivery containing herbal extracts as bioenhancers have the potential to improve bioavailability of hydrophobic extracts.
Extensive curriculum assessment as the basis for a proposed Augustinian K to 12 curriculum in selected Philippines educational institutions
Authors:   College of Education, Northern Iloilo State University, Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines, Superio Rizzamila R.
Published: September 2022

This quantitative-qualitative research aimed to assess the existing K to 12 curriculum of the member schools of the Province of Santo Niño de Cebu in terms of learning objectives, learning content, learning experiences, and evaluation of learning outcomes. This study utilized the one hundred sixty-two (162) administrators and teachers as respondents coming from the member schools of the Province of Santo Niño de Cebu namely, Colegio San Agustin-Biñan, University of San Agustin, Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod, Colegio del Santo Niño, and San Jose Catholic School in the Philippines. Using Hilda Taba’s linear model, the result showed that the level of implementation of the existing curriculum of the member schools in terms of the four curriculum components, except for the evaluation of learning outcomes, was extensive and functioning excellently. There is no significant difference in the K to 12 curriculum in terms of learning objectives when schools are grouped according to location and accreditation status. As to learning content, learning experiences, and evaluation of learning outcomes, significant differences existed when schools are categorized as to years of existence, enrolment size, type of school, and academic qualification of faculty members. Therefore, any educational institution should maintain its quality and excellent education by ensuring that its curricular offerings are reviewed periodically in terms of the four curriculum components mentioned in this study.
The thermal image receiver realized in the electron-optical converter architecture
Authors: Grevcev A. S.  , Zolotukhin P. A.  , Il'ichev E. A.  , Petruhin G. N.  , Popov A. V.  , Rychkov G. S.
Published: September 2022

An innovative design is considered, and the results of analysis and calculations of the characteristics of a thermal image receiver (3-15 microns), made in the electron-optical converter architecture, are presented. For the sensor-converting pyroelectric unit of the electron-optical converter, the spatial dependences of the electric field strengths and the values of the electric potentials on the spontaneous polarization of the film substance are calculated. Estimates are obtained and the characteristics of thermal-field-induced polarization of various pyroelectric films are discussed. The temperature dependences of the polarization characteristics of a number of pyroelectric films are calculated using the finite element method in the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. Possible contributions of the piezoelectric effect to the picture of the distribution of electric potentials from the thermal polarization of pyroelectric films are taken into account. Estimates are obtained for the limiting values of the main instrument characteristics of the electron-optical converter. Keywords: the electron-optical converter, spontaneous polarization, pyroelectric, bolometric thermal imagers, pyroelectric thermal imagers.
Water jet impingement onto a hot steel plate
Authors: Glazkov V.V.  , Duplyankin R.A.  , Ilyukhin A.A.
Published: September 2022

The research studies the interaction between subcooled small diameter water jet and thick steel heater at different surface temperatures, liquid velocities and jet angles. Although the heater surface temperature exceeded the Leidenfrost temperature and reached 340oC, the liquid, according to visual observations, wetted the surface. Geometrical characteristics of the heater surface wetted area and jet deflection angles were measured. It was hypothesised that jet deflection from the surface, accompanied by finely dispersed drops generation, occurs when thermal boundary layer, which develops in the liquid near the heater surface, reaches the liquid's outer surface. The preliminary measurements seem to confirm the hypothesis Keywords: Free-surface jet, quenching, jet impingement boiling, liquid film, Leidenfrost temperature.
Renovation of the IPM-2 source ion-optical system for the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak neutral beam injector
Authors: Telnova A. Yu.  , Minaev V.B.  , Panasenkov A.A.  , Shchegolev P.B.
Published: September 2022

The paper is devoted to the IPM-2 ion source ion-optical system preparation for the plasma heating experiments with a neutral beam in the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak. Within the framework of this work, a complete renovation of the ion-optical system of the ion source was carried out, including its assembly, adjustment, and testing. To assess the quality of the work performed, measurements were made of the main electrical parameters of the high-energy beam, its energy spectrum and signals from secondary emission probes. Based on the data obtained, the beam power distribution profile and its characteristic dimensions are reconstructed, and the relative concentrations of the energy components of the beam are calculated. Keywords: nuclear fusion, neutral beam injection, neutral beam injector, ion source.
CVD-synthesis of detector quality diamond for radiation hardness detectors of ionizing radiation
Authors: Krasilnikov A.V.  , Rodionov N.B.  , Bolshakov A.P.  , Ralchenko V.G.  , Vartapetov S.K.  , Sizov Y.E.  , Meschaninov S.A.  , Trapeznikov A.G.  , Rodionova V.P.  , Amosov V.N.  , Khmelnitsky R.A.  , Kirichenko A.N.
Published: September 2022

An advanced microwave plasma reactor ARDIS 300 was used to synthesize homoepitaxial structures of monocrystal diamond films at Project Center ITER. High-quality epitaxial diamond films were grown on boron-doped monocrystal diamond substrates using microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition from methane-hydrogen mixture. Structural and impurity perfection of diamond films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and optical absorption. Prototypes of radiation detectors were created on the basis of grown diamond films with thickness 70-80 μm,. The p-type substrate with boron concentration ~100 ppm served as an electrical contact. Detectors were irradiated by 5.5 MeV particles and 14.7 MeV neutrons, corresponding pulse height spectra were measured and detector sensitivities were determined. Charge collection efficiency for synthesized diamond was shown to achieve 94% and 91% when ~ 4 V/μm electric field applied. Keywords: diamond films, epitaxy, diamond detector
Plasmachemical etching in postgrowth technology of photovoltaic converters
Authors: Malevskaya A. V.  , Zadiranov Y. M.  , Il’inskaya N. D.  , Malevskiy D. A.  , Pokrovskiy P. V.
Published: September 2022

Investigation of the heterostructure plasmachemical etching technology for fabricating multi-junction photovoltaic converters has been carried out. The dividing mesa-structure forming stage at different etching regimes and subsequent disturbed layer removing by liquid chemical treatment has been reviewed. The influence of mesa etching methods on cells photovoltaic characteristics has been investigated. Developed was the technology of photovoltaic converters fabrication with low current leakage values less than 10-9 A at voltage less then 1 V with high resistance to degradation. Keywords: photovoltaic converter, heterostructure, plasmachemical etching, mesa-structure.
Microwave magnetoresistance effect in a (CoFe/Cu) superlattice with micron-sized holes
Authors: Rinkevich A. B.  , Milyaev M. A.  , Kuznetsov E. A.  , Perov D. V.  , Pavlova A. Yu.
Published: September 2022

The microwave giant magnetoresistance effect in a (CoFe/Cu) superlattice with micron-sized holes has been studied. Measurements of the frequency dependences of the transmission coefficient, as well as the dependences of the microwave transmission and reflection coefficients on the magnetic field, are performed. The measurements were performed on the superlattice samples without holes, having one hole with a diameter of 6.3 μm and seven holes with a diameter of 1.7 μm. It is shown that the presence of a hole with a diameter of 6.3 μm leads to a significant frequency dependence of the microwave giant magnetoresistance effect. Magnetic and magnetoresistance measurements of superlattice samples were performed. Keywords: metal superlattices, ferromagnetic resonance, ferromagnetic antiresonance, microwave giant magnetoresistance effect.
The measurement and modeling of partial discharges in solid fossil fuels
Authors: Martemyanov S. M.  , Bukharkin A. A.
Published: September 2022

The paper is devoted to the study of the characteristics of partial discharges in solid fossil fuels. The appearance of partial discharges in solid fuels occurs at very low voltages, which are not typical for most dielectrics. The activity of partial discharges leads to the onset of rock breakdown. The characteristics of partial discharges in the oil shale of the Huadan deposit (China), presented in the work, indicate the voltage value at which partial discharges arise and breakdown occurs, and also show how these characteristics depend on voltage. We attempted to explain the low value of the voltage of partial discharges in solid fuels, as well as to substantiate the possibility of using partial discharge characteristics to predict the breakdown of the interelectrode space for use in the technology of in-situ heating and the pyrolysis of solid fuels. Keywords: Oil shale, subterranean conversion, field distribution simulation, apparent chage measurement.
Lasing in Tamm plasmon-based microcavities with intracavity metallic contacts and organic active area
Authors: Morozov K. M.  , Belonovski A. V.  , Girshova E. I.  , Nikolaev V. V.
Published: September 2022

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser design with organic light-emitting material 4,4'-bis[4-(di- p-tolylamino)styryl]biphenyl and intracavity metal contacts of two types are proposed. In the first design, two Bragg mirrors and two thin metal layers adjacent to the active region utilizes. In the second design one Bragg mirror with a thin metal layer and for the second mirror the thick metal layers uses. Mode structure, the spatial distribution of the optical fields, Purcell factor and the dependence of the output power on the pump power were calculated. Keywords: Tamm plasmon, organic semiconductor, vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, exciton.
Investigation of the relief geometry of the membrane of human buccal epithelium cells using atomic force microscopy methods
Authors: Torchov N. A.  , Evstigneev M. P.  , Mosunov A. A.  , Buchelnikova V. A.
Published: September 2022

The analysis of the shape of the Brownian relief of the surface of human buccal epithelium cells was carried out using the method of fractal geometry. The scaling coefficients eta, zeta and the fractal dimension Df were used to estimate their actual areas Sc(fact) and linear characteristics lf. Keywords: atomic force microscopy, buccal epithelium, fractal number.
Size distribution of nanocrystalline elements of the polyethylene structure
Authors: Egorov V. M.  , Borisov A. K.  , Marikhin V. A.  , Myasnikova L. P.  , Ivan’kova E. M.
Published: September 2022

A method for calculating the size distribution of nanocrystalline elements of the polymer structure is proposed. The longitudinal size distribution (thickness) of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene lamellae was calculated from calorimetric data. The results of calculating the maximum values of the distribution are consistent with the known data obtained by other methods. Keywords: heat capacity, size effect, lamella, polyethylene.
Measuring the effect of gravitational frequency shift doubling using a hydrogen clock-based quantum level
Authors: Fateev V. F.  , Smirnov F. R.  , Rybakov E. A.
Published: September 2022

The effect of gravitational frequency shift doubling in a system of stationary and transported hydrogen quantum clocks in the Earth's gravitational field has been measured for the first time with an instability of 1·10-15. The clocks were separated in height by 34 m and connected by a radio channel based on optical fiber. The measured relative doubled "redshift" effect at this altitude was Delta fGR/fref=(-7.73± 1.61)· 10-15. Keywords: time dilation gravitational effect, gravitational frequency shift, quantum hydrogen clock.
Analysis of the process of aluminium destruction on the surface of silicon during the electrical explosion of the conductor
Authors: Koryachko M. V.  , Skvortsov A. A.  , Pshonkin D.E.  , Volodina O. V.
Published: September 2022

The work considers the processes of formation of aluminium melt drops, dispersion of aluminium melts and dynamics along the surface of the semiconductor during the electrical explosion of the metal film. It has been shown that in conditions of flow of rectangular high-density current pulses (amplitude jmax=2· 1011 A/m2 and duration up to 2.0 ms), an electrical explosion of a conductor occurs through a test structure based on aluminium film (thickness 5 μm). Dispersion of up to 30% of the mass of the aluminium film is observed. It has been established that the main parameter characterizing the dispersion during the destruction of an aluminium film is the energy of an electrical pulse. The distribution of rounded aluminium particles by size (diameter) has been determined experimentally. It has been found that the largest number of particles in the conditions considered are 1-3 μm in size. Keywords: non-stationary states, heat shock, formation of drops on the surface, non-stationary surface mass transfer.
Hydrogen Influence on Electrical and Photoelectrical Properties of InP/Pd Thin-film Structures obtained by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Grebenshchikova E. A.  , Shutaev V. A.  , Matveev V. A.  , Gubanova N. N.  , Shilova O. A.  , Yakovlev Yu. P.
Published: September 2022

The current-voltage characteristics and photoelectric properties of semiconductor structures containing Pd nanoparticles in thin films synthesized by the sol-gel method on an n-InP substrate have been investigated. The experimental results show that in presence of hydrogen the cut-off voltage changes. The photovoltage and photocurrent upon illumination of the structure with an LED (λ=0.9 μm) and pulsed exposure to hydrogen change, that was observed earlier for hydrogen-sensitive Pd/n-InP Schottky diodes. The prospects of using the structures under study as a sensitive element for hydrogen sensor are discussed. Keywords: Pd nanoparticles, sol-gel method, hydrogen, Schottky diode, hydrogen sensor.
A Video-Delivered Family Therapeutic Intervention for Perinatal Women With Clinically Significant Depressive Symptoms and Family Conflict: Indicators of Feasibility and Acceptability
Authors: Cluxton-Keller Fallon , Hegel Mark T
Published: September 2022

Background

Variation in family therapeutic intervention fidelity has an impact on outcomes. The use of video conferencing technology can strengthen therapist fidelity to family therapeutic interventions.

Objective

This article explores indicators of feasibility and acceptability for a video-delivered family therapeutic intervention for perinatal women with depressive symptoms and family conflict. The objectives of this article are to describe indicators of feasibility, including therapist fidelity to the intervention and technological factors that relate to implementation of the intervention, as well as indicators of acceptability for participants of the intervention.

Methods

The data included in this article are from an ongoing randomized trial of the Resilience Enhancement Skills Training (REST) video-delivered family therapeutic intervention. Participant recruitment and data collection are still underway for this clinical trial. Of the 106 participants who are currently enrolled in this study, 54 (51%) have been randomized to receive REST from May 2021 through July 2022. Currently, 2 therapists are delivering the intervention, and the training procedures for therapists are summarized herein. Therapist fidelity to the family therapeutic intervention was assessed in 67 audio recorded sessions. The training procedures were summarized for use of video conferencing technology by therapists and the 54 study participants. Knowledge of the video conferencing technology features was assessed in therapists and study participants by the number of attempts required to use the features. Participant responsiveness to the intervention was assessed by the percentage of attended sessions and percentage of complete homework assignments.

Results

To date, both therapists have demonstrated high fidelity to the family therapeutic intervention and used all video conferencing technology features on their first attempt. The current participants required 1 to 3 attempts to use 1 or more of the video conferencing technology features. About 59% (n=32) of the current participants immediately accessed the features on the first attempt. Our results show that perinatal women attended all sessions, and their family members attended 80% of the sessions. To date, participants have completed 80% of the homework assignments.

Conclusions

These early findings describe indicators of the feasibility and acceptability of the video-delivered family therapeutic intervention for use with this high priority population. Upon completion of recruitment and data collection, a subsequent article will include a mixed methods process evaluation of the feasibility and acceptability of the video-delivered family therapeutic intervention.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04741776; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04741776
Comparison of 2021 CKD-EPI Equations for Estimating Racial Differences in Preemptive Waitlisting for Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Ku Elaine , Amaral Sandra , McCulloch Charles E. , Adey Deborah B. , Li Libo , Johansen Kirsten L.
Published: September 2022

Background and objectives

Wait time for kidney transplantation can accrue when GFR is ≤20 ml/min. We examined whether using the race-free 2021 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations to guide preemptive waitlisting could attenuate racial differences in accruable preemptive wait time.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Our retrospective cohort study included Black or White Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) participants who were theoretically eligible for waitlist registration. We used Weibull accelerated failure time models to determine the association between race (Black or White) and time to kidney failure from the qualifying visit when the eGFR by creatinine or creatinine-cystatin C 2021 CKD-EPI equations fell to ≤20 ml/min per 1.73 m2. We then tested for differences in the time ratios from models using the 2021 creatinine- or creatinine-cystatin C–based CKD-EPI equation through a bootstrapping approach.

Results

By the creatinine equation, 472 CRIC participants were theoretically eligible for waitlist registration, and potential preemptive wait time was similar for Black versus White participants (time ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.35). The median wait time by the creatinine equation that could be accrued for Black participants was 23 versus 22 months in White participants. By the creatinine-cystatin C equation, 441 CRIC participants were eligible, and potential wait time was 20% shorter (95% confidence interval, 0.62 to 1.02) for Black than White participants. The median wait time that could be accrued for Black participants was 21 versus 26 months for White participants when using the creatinine-cystatin C equation. Using bootstrapping, the ratio of the time ratio of the models using the creatinine versus creatinine-cystatin C equation was statistically significantly different (ratio of the time ratios = 1.31 with 95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.62).

Conclusions

Use of the 2021 creatinine-based CKD-EPI equation to determine preemptive waitlist eligibility reduced racial differences in preemptive wait time accrual more than use of the creatinine-cystatin C 2021 CKD-EPI equation within a theoretical context.
Micronutrient Concentrations of Cassava Continuously Cultivated Soils in Ezinihitte Mbaise LGA Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ifeanyi Igbozuruike Christopher
Published: September 2022

The study was conducted to determine the concentrations of micronutrients (Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Molybdenum (Mo) and Manganese (Mn)) in soils of Ezinihitte Mbaise LGA Imo State. The research was conducted in cassava continuously cultivated areas Obizi, Eziudo, Onisha and Udo in Ezinihitte to trace the role of micronutrient in the decline of Cassava yield in the area. Samples were collected randomly using soil auger from each locations at a depth of 0-30 centimeter (cm). Control (reference) soils were collected the same way but from fallow land of 5years old. Samples were treated and analyzed routinely and micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo and Mn) determined using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result (table 1) revealed that Samples have same soil texture -Loamy Sand (LS) but differ in pH significantly (p<0.05). The samples are acid soils of moderately acidity, and levels ranges from 5.00 to 5.44 (lowest to highest) with mean value of 5.21. For % Nitrogen N, % Organic Matter (OM), % Base Saturation (BS), Available Phosphorus (Av. P), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), EA (Ea) and Effective Cation Exchange capacity (ECEC). They were significantly affected by cultivation and have mean values (P -1.57, N -1.33, K-1.60, OM 2.79, BS-74.3, Mg-2.46, Ca-1.47, K-0.15, Na-0.13, Ea-1.48 and ECEC-5.47) (table 1). This is a common characteristics of moderate to low fertility soils. The micronutrient levels were also significantly different. Cassava cultivation affected micronutrients levels significantly at p<0.05 (table2). The decrease were observed in all samples, and were significantly lower when compared with control. For Zn, Cu, Mo, Fe and Mn, the mean values are 6.05 Zn, 1.60 Cu, 1.09 Mo. 4.61 Fe and 4.90 Mn respectively. Micronutrients though significantly different between samples, and lower when compared with control, all (including control) were at low levels at which deficiency can occur when compared with critical nutrient levels (table 3).
Image Based Plant Disease Detection by Using Deep Learning
Authors: Roy Mr. Ankit , Lipton Prof. Manoj
Published: September 2022

Abstract: We living being are mostly dependent on plant and animals as well. We don’t have much food that can even sustain for even some years for we are not the only consumers on this earth. 29% of the land where the whole living eco-system exists is not apt. to feed such a huge population. Had we no plants eaters’ bacteria’s or locust, then we might have enough resource that would last for year. My project that is IMAGE BASED PLANT DISEASE DETECTION BY USING DEEP LEARNING is all about that. This system will enable us to recognize the type of disease the plants are suffering from and how to diagnose and treat them as well. This system depicts us an appropriate outcome. It will enable us to five a fill depiction of the kind of disease the plant are suffering from. We can even recognize the kind of medication that will be effective in totally eradication of the disease. Plant diseases are one of the foremost important reasons that destroy plants and trees. Detecting those disease at early stages enable us to beat and treat them appropriately. It is quite more important to find the kind of disease first the to treat then unknowingly. The outcomes were 92% accurate and thus we can work on the plant right way to help our plants live even longer. After multiple test, we have come forward with such and initiative that will be a boon for the humankind. Farmers are the backbone of any nation. We cannot survive until they do not get the right price for their yields and our system will play a significant role in that.