bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poslanstvo delovanja starosti prijaznih univerz
Authors: Lorber Lučka
Published: October 2023

Starosti prijazne univerze so dolgoročna vizija v trajnostni razvoj usmerjenih sodobnih družb. Njihovo poslanstvo je enakopravno vključevanje starejših v izobraževalne in raziskovalne dejavnosti univerz. Spoznanje, da sta človeški kapital in inovativnost ključna za razvoj je vloga akademskih visokošolskih institucij. Uspešno izvajanje strategij na ravni visokošolskih ustanov zahteva ne le vključevanje navdušenih posameznikov temveč celotne institucionalne strukture, da bi podprli trajnost in vključevanje pobud vseživljenjskega učenja. S svojo dejavnostjo in organiziranostjo naj bi starosti prijazne univerze zagotavljale kakovost doseženih kompetenc znanja in odprt dostop do izobraževanja vsem generacijam in skupinam, ki se soočajo z dodatnimi ovirami. Zmožnosti digitalizacije, da spremeni način izvajanja izobraževanja prebivalstva in njihovega učenja v različnih življenjskih obdobjih, so ključne. Različni medgeneracijski pogledi so velikega pomena za razvoj humane, demokratične družbe, kar je osnovno poslanstvo akademskih institucij pri zagotavljanju trajnostnega razvoja.
Fortyfikacje zachodniego pogranicza Związku Sowieckiego w latach 1918–1939
Authors: Cutter Zdzisław
Published: October 2023

Szkic eksploruje stałe umocnienia fortyfikacyjne zwane „Umocnionymi Rejonami”, a nieoficjalnie „Linią Stalina”, która powstała na zachodnim pograniczu Związku Sowieckiego w latach 1929–1939. Sowiecka teoria wybudowania na całym pograniczu zachodnim systemu fortyfikacyjnego zakładała osłonę najważniejszych kierunków operacyjno-strategicznych: Leningradu, Moskwy i Kijowa. Podstawę linii umocnień według planów sowieckich stanowił UR. Odpowiadał liczebnie brygadzie piechoty, z silnym wyposażeniem w środki ogniowe, dorównujące korpusowi. Ogólnie rzecz ujmując, typowy UR rozciągał się na długości od 100 do 180 km (średnio 140 km) oraz głębokości od 30 do 50 km (średnio 42 km) i miał zróżnicowany charakter. Okres budowy „Linii Stalina” obejmował lata 1929–1939, jednak można w nim wyróżnić dwa charakterystyczne etapy, mianowicie: pierwszy – to lata 1931–1934, w których zbudowano pierwsze trzynaście UR w miarę możliwości z pełnym wyposażeniem; drugi – w latach 1936–1939, kiedy postanowiono zamknąć istniejące luki między trzynastoma UR poprzez budowę następnych ośmiu, dodatkowo wzmocnić fortyfikacje ciężką artylerią umieszczoną w bunkrach flankujących oraz zakończyć formowanie załóg. Rozbudowa rejonów umocnionych trwała prawdopodobnie do końca sierpnia 1939 r., po czym została przerwana na wyraźny rozkaz Józefa Stalina. Należy sądzić, iż decyzja ta wynikała m.in. z podpisania 23 sierpnia 1939 r. paktu Ribbentrop–Mołotow. Można jednocześnie skonstatować, iż wschodni sąsiad, a następnie agresor Polski z 17 września 1939 r. posiadał na swoim zachodnim pograniczu dobrze rozwinięty system fortyfikacyjny. Natomiast od 28 czerwca 1940 r. stanowił on nową linię umocnień zwaną „Linią Mołotowa”.
Effect of Different Biochemical Parameters and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities on Drought Indices in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Sistu Rajitha , Tiwari Sushma , Tripathi M.K. , Singh Sangeeta , Gupta Neha , Tripathi Niraj , Asati Ruchi , Yadav Rakesh Kumar
Published: October 2023

Background: Drought is the foremost environmental restraint that effects the growth and yield of chickpea. The mechanism of response to drought differs with genotype and growth stages of individual crop species. The activation of antioxidant enzymes is an alternate defensive system against oxidative stress that ultimately decide development of putative drought tolerant mechanism. Methods: Eighty-three chickpea genotypes were grown under normal and drought stress conditions and leaf samples were used to estimate different biochemical parameters including total sugar, lipid peroxidation (MDA), chlorophyll, proline and protein along with estimation of activities of different antioxidant enzymes viz., catalase (CAT) (EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (EC 1.11.1.11), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX). Result: Positively significant correlation was found among proline under control with proline underwent stress (r=0.441), MDA under stress with proline under control (r=0.365) and MDA under control (r=0.336) at 1% level of significance. Positively significant correlation was also investigated between SOD under stressed condition with SOD under control (r=0.665), POX (0.449) and APX under stress (0.423), CAT under control (0.471) and CAT under stress condition (0.374) at 1% probability level. Heatmaps along with dendrograms represented expression levels of different antioxidant enzymes activities that showed variations among different genotypes. In conclusion. total sugar, proline and Malondialdehyde, have been increased under drought stressed condition whilst total chlorophyll and protein were decreased. While antioxidant enzymes viz., POX, APX, CAT and SOD levels increased under drought stressed conditions.
Using ChatGPT: A new challenge for education
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Lukashchuk Vitalii I.
Published: October 2023

This article discusses topical issues related to the implementation of the ChatGPT in the field of education. Many researchers agree that the introduction of ChatGPT in the educational sphere contributes to the implementation of personalized learning, increasing the efficiency of teachers and creating favorable conditions for the learning and development of students. Despite some advantages of using ChatGPT in training, it should not be considered as a reliable tool for gaining knowledge. It is shown that digital inequality in the Russian Federation is gradually being overcome, which further exacerbates the problem of threats to the use of ChatGPT in education. The most acute threats of using ChatGPT in education are analyzed: the problem of establishing the authorship of student work, the formation of distorted ideas about the world, the loss of critical and creative thinking by students, moral degradation. To overcome these threats, it is proposed: to return to work in the classroom, which will help solve the problems associated with professional socialization and the development of critical and creative thinking among students; change the requirements for writing term papers and final qualifying works; in some universities, final qualifying works should be abandoned in favor of state examinations; more actively involve students in scientific and research activities.
A construção do "eu" infantil migrante
Authors: Moura Gheysa Daniele Pereira
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar uma possível leitura do processo de construção do “eu” infantil migrante. Por meio de estudo monográfico abordado sob uma perspectiva crítica sobre a pluralidade e a diversidade da infância, procuramos compreender conceitualmente as diferenças na compreensão do tempo e do espaço entre a criança e o adulto, no processo de construção do “eu” infantil imigrante, reconhecendo que nesse processo a criança produziria conhecimento. Concluindo-se que a existência de um “conhecimento infantil migrante”, seria o reconhecimento da diferença e da heterogeneidade da infância a partir da sua subjetivação.
Political Expertise of the Ukrainian Crisis by the German Institute for International and Security Affairs: New Conclusions about German Strategic Culture
Authors: Glaser M. , Polyachenkov A.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the influence of the German think tank ‘German Institute for International and Security Affairs’ (SWP) on German public opinion and, subsequently, on the main parameters of the country’s strategic culture. It was found that the key task of the think tank’s experts is to promote the idea of the need to transform the previous principles of strategic culture in order for Germany's policy to correspond to the new world realities, so that the country could interact more successfully with other states in the military-political sphere. It is possible that analysts promote a similar idea while advising the German government and taking part in its decision-making processes, but at the moment their main task is to interact with the society. The basic principles of the strategic culture of Germany are studied, it is emphasized that due to the legacy of the past, Germany continues to avoid active involvement in the settlement of military conflicts. In addition, it seems impossible for modern Germany to prioritize its own national security interests over the ones of the allies. In this regard, the task of restoring the country's defense capability and turning the Bundeswehr into an effective modern army is interpreted by the experts of the think tank as a need to move from state pacifism to ideologems of a just war rather than as a process of militarization. Experts avoid direct criticism of the strategic culture, focusing on particular cases and calling on Germany to take more active actions. The analysis of Germany's policy on the African continent serves as a vivid example. The article demonstrates the activity of SWP experts in the mass media on the issues regarding the Ukrainian crisis and the role of Germany in its settlement. They demand greater initiative from Germany and the abandonment of existing barriers and restrictions, albeit gradual one. Opinion of expert community representatives stems from the fact that military force is an important factor in international relations, and by using it, Berlin will more effectively fulfill its obligations to ensure national and regional security than before. It seems impossible to unequivocally judge whether the analysts of the think tank have a decisive influence on political decisions, but they definitely take an active part in shaping the public opinion on the change of Germany’s military-political role in the world, so the importance of such expertise should not be ignored.
On optical solitons of the (1 1)-dimensional Biswas-Milovic equation having Kerr law and parabolic-law with weak non-local nonlinearity in the presence of spatio-temporal dispersion
Authors: Sayginer Zulfiye Melisa , Secer Aydin , Ozisik Muslum , Bayram Mustafa
Published: October 2023

In this study, an effort has been made to obtain optical soliton solutions of the (1+1)-dimensional Biswas-Milovic equation
which was introduced by Biswas and Milovic in 2010, having Kerr law and parabolic-law with weak non-local nonlinearity in the
presence of spatio-temporal dispersion, which is one of the important models for nonlinear optics. Although, the model is an equation
that has been studied by many researchers, the fact that the form to be examined has not been studied before. As a general algorithm,
first converting the model to nonlinear ordinary differential form with a complex wave transformation, then obtaining candidate optical
soliton solutions by utilizing the new Kudryashov technique, determining the ones that satisfy the main equation from these solutions
as the exact solution, and in order to better understand the obtained solutions by making graphical presentation and providing the
necessary comments constitute the main framework of the article.
A STUDY OF JOHN WANSBROUGH THOUGHTS ON QUR’ANIC STUDIES
Authors: Sani Azwar
Published: October 2023

The study of Islam, particularly Quranic studies, has been shaped by various methodologies and interpretations introduced by Western scholars. Among them, John Wansbrough’s provocative insights in his methodological approach stand out. Wansbrough’s historical and literary analysis challenges traditional views by proposing that the Quran is a product of cultural evolution and influence. This article delves into Wansbrough’s perspective, focusing on his work ‘The Quranic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation.’ This study reveals Wansbrough’s arguments about the possibility of Jewish-Christian traditions in the Quran, the role of cultural contexts, and the evolution of the Quranic text. Wansbrough’s methods, including historical scepticism and literary analysis, have triggered both support and criticism. Wansbrough suggests that sacred texts, such as the Quran, may consist of different layers and undergo changes and revisions over time, especially due to cultural, political, and social influences. Although some scholars view Wansbrough’s methods as too sceptical and controversial, others consider them to provide valuable insights into the history and development of sacred texts. Scholars such as Fazlur Rahman have criticized Wansbrough’s theories, defending traditional views. However, supporters argue that Wansbrough’s ideas expand the boundaries of Quranic studies. Ultimately, this article explores and demonstrates open and critical discussions within the realm of Islamic studies, acknowledging various perspectives to achieve a deeper understanding of the complex origins and interpretations of the Quran. This research uses a qualitative approach and literature analysis to understand John Wansbrough’s thinking. Open and critical discussions are necessary for Islamic studies to understand the various perspectives and methods in uncovering the meaning of the Quran and the history of Islam.
Construction of Supplemental Functions for Direct Serendipity and Mixed Finite Elements on Polygons
Authors: Arbogast Todd , Wang Chuning
Published: October 2023

New families of direct serendipity and direct mixed finite elements on general planar, strictly convex polygons were recently defined by the authors. The finite elements of index r are H1 and H(div) conforming, respectively, and approximate optimally to order r+1 while using the minimal number of degrees of freedom. The shape function space consists of the full set of polynomials defined directly on the element and augmented with a space of supplemental functions. The supplemental functions were constructed as rational functions, which can be difficult to integrate accurately using numerical quadrature rules when the index is high. This can result in a loss of accuracy in certain cases. In this work, we propose alternative ways to construct the supplemental functions on the element as continuous piecewise polynomials. One approach results in supplemental functions that are in Hp for any p≥1. We prove the optimal approximation property for these new finite elements. We also perform numerical tests on them, comparing results for the original supplemental functions and the various alternatives. The new piecewise polynomial supplements can be integrated accurately, and therefore show better robustness with respect to the underlying meshes used.
Shape Memory Properties of Additive Manufactured Continuous Metallic Wire-Reinforced PLA with Electrothermal Activation
Authors: Ghaemi Sarcheshmeh Masoumeh , Behraves Amir Hossein , Hedayati Seyyed Kaveh , Bakhtiyari Amir , Akbari Davood , Rizvi Ghaus
Published: October 2023

In this study, additive manufacturing of reinforced parts using metallic wire as both a reinforcement component and a shape memory stimulus through Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) was investigated. A Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) restores its original shape and recovers it upon specific stimuli. This research employed chromium-nickel metal wire as a reinforcing component to enhance mechanical properties and introduce the capability for thermal stimulation of polylactic acid (PLA) via electrical current using the "in-situ impregnation" method within FDM process. Reinforced specimens were fabricated with wire with two diameters of 0.1 and 0.15 mm, along with two volume percentages of 5 and 10. Comprehensive evaluations encompassing mechanical (tensile and flexural) and thermal properties of the printed specimens were conducted. The outcomes revealed a significant enhancement in both tensile and flexural properties of the polymer matrix due to the embedding metallic wire, even under elevated temperatures during bending test. Furthermore, the thermal properties of the reinforced specimens were examined by subjecting them to various voltages, resulting in temperature ranging from 36.4 to 150.1°C. These findings highlight the ability to tailor a wide range of mechanical properties and shape recovery in the reinforced specimens by carefully selecting the wire volume fraction, voltage, and wire diameter, thus regulating the materials properties with specific application requirements.
Estimation of Road Surface Plane and Object Height Focusing on the Division Scale in Disparity Image Using Fisheye Stereo Camera
Authors: Sakuda Tomoyu , Chikugo Hikaru , Arai Kento , Pathak Sarthak , Umeda Kazunori
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for estimating road surface shapes and object heights using a fisheye stereo camera. Environmental recognition is an important task for advanced driver-assistance systems. However, previous studies have only achieved narrow measurement ranges owing to sensor restrictions. Moreover, the previous approaches cannot be used in environments where the slope changes because they assume inflexible constraints on the road surfaces. We use a fisheye stereo camera capable of measuring wide and dense 3D information and design a novel algorithm by focusing on the degree of division in a disparity image to overcome these defects. Experiments show that our method can detect an object in various environments, including those with inclined road surfaces.
Dampak Pertumbuhan Sektoral terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan dan Kemiskinan di Indonesia:Analisis menggunakan Social Accounting Matrix dan Micro-Simulation
Authors:   Program Studi Magister Perencanaan Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis,Universitas Indonesia, Tri Winarni Diny , Hartono Djoni ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis,Universitas Indonesia
Published: October 2023

Berdasarkan Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) Indonesia 2015 yang diperluas dan dengan menggunakan metode micro-simulation, penelitian ini menunjukkan bagaimana pertumbuhan sektoral mempengaruhi ketimpangan pendapatan dan kemiskinan di Indonesia serta kontribusi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) sektor manufaktur dalam mengurangi ketimpangan pendapatan. Dari 24 sektor di Indonesia, hanya pertumbuhan pada 10 sektor ekonomi yang dapat mengurangi ketimpangan pendapatan, dengan penurunan terbesar pada pertumbuhan sektor tanaman pertanian lainnya. Di sisi lain, UKM tidak memiliki pengaruh penting dalam mengurangi ketimpangan pendapatan, yang berpengaruh adalah dimana sektor UKM itu berada. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan di semua sektor ekonomi berdampak pada pengentasan kemiskinan dengan kontribusi yang berbeda. Pertumbuhan sektor tanaman pertanian lainnya memberikan kontribusi terbesar dalam pengentasan kemiskinan di Indonesia.
dolescent EFL Learners’ English Assessment Preferences: Emergence of ICT-Based Evaluation
Authors: Pratama Putu Yoga Sathya , Santosa Made Hery
Published: October 2023

The incorporation of technology into education has impacted numerous facets, assessment being no exception. This study employed a descriptive-qualitative methodology to investigate the English assessment preferences of adolescent learners. There were 126 eighth-grade students voluntarily engaged and completed an open-ended online survey about issue under discussion. Through interactive data analysis, gathered data were examined qualitatively. The primary results portray three main findings: 1) in general, the majority of participants tend to prefer written over spoken form of assessment in the English lesson; 2) more participants prefer game quizzes as the assessment preference; and 3) the majority of participants believe English assessment should be differentiated to accommodate learners’ diversity. Presented findings illustrate a pattern indicating English proficiency of learners significantly influences their assessment preferences. Additionally, it is discovered that ICT-based evaluation has emerged among recent adolescent learners. As the results span a vast range of topics, it is anticipated that additional study will be conducted utilizing this research's gaps.
CBCT Evaluation of Canal Transportation & Centering Ability of E-Flex Gold, Versus ProTaper Next and XP-Endo Shaper Rotary NiTi files in Preparing Curved Root Canals: A randomized in vitro study
Authors: Shadeed Saleem
Published: October 2023

This study aims to compare:
1. The Canal Transportation of E-Flex Gold (full sequence system), ProTaper Next (full sequence system), and XP-Endo Shaper (Single file System) in curved canals in three levels (apical, middle, and coronal).
2. The Centering Ability of E-Flex Gold (full sequence system), ProTaper Next (full sequence system), and XP-Endo Shaper (Single file System) in curved canals in three levels (apical, middle, and coronal).
The effects of anesthetic drug choice on heart rate variability and echocardiography parameters in cats
Authors: Panprom Chattida , Pattanapon Nakrob , Petchdee Soontaree
Published: October 2023

Heart rate variability (HRV) is one of the assessments of cardiovascular risk during general anesthesia. This study aimed to assess the effects of an anesthetic drug on HRV in cats and to provide information for clinical applications. Twenty-four healthy client-owned cats of various breeds, 12 females and 12 males scheduled for elective surgery, were enrolled in this study. The cats were premedicated and induced with 4 protocols: protocol 1, diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) and propofol (2-4 mg/kg); protocol 2, diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) and alfaxalone (1-3 mg/kg); protocol 3, diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) and ketamine (3-5 mg/kg); and protocol 4, xylazine (1 mg/kg) and tiletamine/zolazepam (Zoletil) (5 mg/kg). The heart rate and HRV of the 24 cats were collected before and at least 1 hour after administering the anesthetic drugs. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate heart function. Doppler was used to obtain the mean blood pressure. After anesthetic drug administration, higher heart rates were found in cats premedicated and induced with alfaxalone (p = 0.045) than in the other protocols. The lowest heart rate (HR) values were found in cats in protocol 4 using xylazine and Zoletil. The HRV low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) power ratios increased in all protocols except for cats premedicated and intubated with propofol. The standard deviation of the regular sinus beats (SDNN) was higher in cats premedicated and induced with ketamine than in other anesthetic protocols (p=0.015). An increase in sympathetic activity and reduced heart rate variability is associated with high blood pressure and left atrial dimension. The percentage of fractional shortening (FS) decreased in cats premedicated with ketamine. The results showed that the anesthesia method using diazepam and propofol was more effective in maintaining cardiovascular function than other anesthesia methods that were used in this study.
Modeling of Fring Process of Soft Recoil Artillery Firing Based on Interval Uncertainty Parameter Identification
Authors: WANG HUIMIN , XIAO ZIQIANG , HAN XIAOPING , JIA YIZHUO , SUN JIANWU
Published: October 2023

Artillery soft recoil firing technology is a significant path to the reduction of recoil from artillery fire. To investigate the working characteristics affecting the soft recoil artillery, this paper, taking a soft recoil artillery as the research object, proposes a new multi-flow port braking machine structure integrating the central flow port and the variable depth barrel wall groove, and establishes the Bernoulli Equation of the braking machine integrating the flow distribution characteristics through CFD fluid simulation, thereby improving the model accuracy of the braking machine. On this basis, this paper further establishes an uncertainty parameter identification model for the soft recoil gun firing process based on the interval uncertainty theory and genetic algorithm, and the typical parameters of the soft recoil artillery gun are identified with one shot actual measurement data. The similarity between the simulation results using the identification results and the experimental data can be up to 92.78%. Furthermore, by comparing and verifying the second and third shot tests, the corresponding simulation results are comparable to the launch test results. According to the comprehensive identification and validation results, the results can better reflect the firing process under the two test conditions, which indicates that the modeling is accurate and the identification results are valid, thereby providing theoretical guidance for the design of soft recoil artillery systems.
Protein structuromics: New observations for translational medicine research in lung cance
Authors: Xiao Nan , Wang Zhina , Zhang Jing , Wang Jin , Li Yingxin , Li Chi , Liu Kang , Chen Zhibo , Yin Chaoqun , Wang Ziyin , Gan Dingzhu , Wang Hongwu , Zhang Nan
Published: October 2023

Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is a malignant tumour of the lung caused by genetic damage to the DNA of airway cells, often exacerbated by cigarette smoking or inhalation of damaging chemicals. Despite advances in molecular biology and treatment, there are still many questions that need to be answered regarding lung cancer occurrence and the underlying mechanism. In this study, we assessed the protein structural features of 20 oncogene-related and 20 anti-oncogene-related proteins via protein sequences, folding rate, structural and dynamic analysis methods. Our results directly indicated that oncogene-related group proteins show more stable-complex structures than anti-oncogene-related group proteins. When a tumour occurs or different treatments are administered, cell microenvironment changes in the lungs are always more complex than the normal situation. Additionally, oncogene-related proteins comprise more kinds of packet-type proteins than anti-oncogene-related proteins. Even if the structures of the two groups of proteins are disrupted, more unfavourable group proteins persist and refold faster to achieve their correct shape and perform their functions more quickly than favourable group proteins; thus, the former support cancer development. We hope that these analyses will contribute to the understanding of the developmental mechanism of lung cancer and inform the design of new treatments.
Languages with more speakers tend to be harder to (machine-)learn
Authors: Koplenig Alexander , Wolfer Sascha
Published: October 2023

Computational language models (LMs), most notably exemplified by the widespread success of OpenAI's ChatGPT chatbot, show impressive performance on a wide range of linguistic tasks, thus providing cognitive science and linguistics with a computational working model to empirically study different aspects of human language. Here, we use LMs to test the hypothesis that languages with more speakers tend to be easier to learn. In two experiments, we train several LMs – ranging from very simple n-gram models to state-of-the-art deep neural networks – on written cross-linguistic corpus data covering 1293 different languages and statistically estimate learning difficulty. Using a variety of quantitative methods and machine learning techniques to account for phylogenetic relatedness and geographical proximity of languages, we show that there is robust evidence for a relationship between learning difficulty and speaker population size. However, contrary to expectations derived from previous research, our results suggest that languages with more speakers tend to be harder to learn.
No Time for ChitChat? Artificial intelligence Chatbots as a tool to identify research priorities in hip and knee arthroplasty.
Authors: Ridha Ali , Ahmed Imran , Raj Siddarth , Syed Farhan , Wasim Abdus , Smith Toby , Khatri Chetan
Published: October 2023

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) Chatbots, such as ChatGPT3, have gained attention in medical and non-medical domains. Their ability to identify research gaps in orthopaedics is yet to be tested.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the application of three AI Chatbots to identify research questions in hip and knee arthroplasty in comparison to an existing research prioritisation consensus method.
Methods: Three Chatbots, ChatGPT3, Bing and Bard were prompted to identify research questions in hip and knee arthroplasty. Two authors independently compared the responses to the 21 research priorities for hip and knee arthroplasty established by the James Lind Alliance (JLA). Any discrepancies were discussed with senior authors.
Results: ChatGPT3 successfully identified to 15 (71%) priorities. Bard, nine (42%) priorities, while Bing identified eight (38%). The Chatbots identified further questions that were not stated in the JLA exercise (ChatGPT3: 12 questions; Bard: 14 questions; Bing: 11 questions). All three Chatbots failed to identify five (24%) of the JLA research priorities.
Conclusions: This study reports the first evidence of the potential adoption of AI Chatbots to identify research questions in hip and knee arthroplasty. This may potentially represent a valuable adjunct in improving efficiency of research prioritisation exercises.
Inhibition of glucose uptake increase serial-killing capacity of Natural Killer cells
Authors: Picard Lea Katharina , Niemann Jens Alexander , Littwitz-Salomon Elisabeth , Waldmann Herbert , Watzl Carsten
Published: October 2023

Tumor cells rely heavily on glycolysis to meet their high metabolic demands. While this results in nutrient deprivation within the tumor microenvironment and has negative effects on infiltrating immune cells such as Natural Killer (NK) cells, it also creates a potential target for cancer therapies. Here we use Glupin, an inhibitor of glucose transporters, to study the effect of limited glucose uptake on NK cells and their anti-tumor functions. Glupin treatment effectively inhibited glucose uptake and restricted glycolysis in NK cells. However, acute treatment had no negative effect on NK cell cytotoxicity or cytokine production. Long-term restriction of glucose uptake by Glupin treatment only delayed NK cell proliferation as they could switch to glutaminolysis as alternative energy source. While IFN-g production was partially impaired, long-term Glupin treatment had no negative effect on degranulation. Interestingly, the serial killing activity of NK cells was even enhanced, possibly due to changes in NAD metabolism. This demonstrates that NK cell cytotoxicity is remarkably robust and insensitive to metabolic disturbances and makes cellular metabolism an attractive target for immune-mediated tumor therapies.
Predictive Characteristics of Childhood emergency injury presentations in non-urban Victoria, Australia.
Authors: Peck Blake , Terry Daniel , Kloot Kate
Published: October 2023

Background
Injury is the leading cause of death and disability amongst those between 0–16 years of age. Routinely associated with a social gradient of health, childhood injury is reportedly higher in rural and regional areas. The Rural Acute Hospital Data Register (RAHDaR), which includes previously non-reported data, provides a more accurate understanding of injury emergency presentation events and the factors associated with these presentations.
Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study collected de-identified emergency injury presentation data from nine health services in regional Victoria for children aged 0–14 years between 2017 and 2022. Demographic and presentation data were collated along with government datasets. Emergency injury presentation incidence rates and predictor variables were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression. Significance was determined at p < 0.05.
Results
Among the 15884 emergency injury presentations, 35.2% (n = 5,597) occurred at health services who did not previously report data. This increase in our understanding of emergency injury presentations demonstrates a rate of 141.63 presentations per 1000 children per year. Key factors such as age, gender, local attendance rates of free three-and-a-half year final stage child health assessment and pre-school, an increasing number of GPs per head of population and Index of Education and Occupation were associated with emergency injury presentation events across gender, while socioeconomic status was not predictive. Interestingly local rates of attendance at free three-and-a-half year final stage child health assessment and attending pre-school were specifically predictive among the 0–4 age group.
Conclusions
Although some findings are consistent with current research, the study high- lights previously unrecognized specific factors that are predictive of injury among 0-4-year-old children that require deeper investigation. These findings provide more accurate insights for healthcare workers and policymakers as they seek to support people with injury and accurately address health inequities.
Evaluating Patient Experience to Improve Care in a Specialist Antenatal Clinic for Pregnancy After Loss
Authors: Tamber Kajal K , Barron Rebecca , Tomlinson Emma , Heazell Alexander EP
Published: October 2023

In the United Kingdom, roughly 1 in 250 babies are stillborn each year. Most women who experience stillbirth become pregnant again – 80% within a year of loss. Presently, obstetric-led care is recommended; though there is a growing body of evidence to support provision of a specialist service. The Rainbow Clinic is a specialist antenatal service providing care for pregnancies after loss incorporating clinical and psychological care. This study aimed to assess patient experience at the Rainbow Clinic and identify areas for clinical improvement. A 13-item questionnaire was distributed to pregnant women who attended the Rainbow Clinics at the Oxford Road and Wythenshawe sites of Saint Mary’s Hospital, Manchester between July 2016 and June 2021. Descriptive statistics and unpaired t-test were used for quantitative data and summative content analysis for qualitative data. Four-hundred and fifty-six women completed the questionnaire. The mean patient experience score per quarter was stable with an average of 21.1 (± 3.0) for the five years, with a maximum attainable score of 25. The COVID-19 pandemic had no effect on patient experience at the Rainbow Clinic (pre-pandemic v during-pandemic: mean 21.2 v 21.3; p = 0.75). Free-text responses demonstrated women felt positively about the antenatal care received. Identified areas for improvement included “more awareness of the [Rainbow] sticker” to ensure women with previous loss are identified; increased publicity of the Rainbow Clinic services; developing more clinics at different locations to improve accessibility; and continuing specialist input into intrapartum care. Specialist antenatal care provided by the Rainbow Clinic was rated as of a high standard. Potential future improvements include sticker alterations (or other mechanisms to identify women who have experienced a previous loss) and develop increased awareness of the clinic in other institutions.
Ultrafast underwater self-healing piezo-ionic elastomer via dynamic hydrophobic-hydrolytic domains
Authors: Kim Do Hwan , Kong Zhengyang , Boahen Elvis K. , Kim Dong Jun , Li Fenglong , Kim Joo Sung , Kweon Hyukmin , Kim So Young , Choi Hanbin , Zhu Jin , Ying Wu Bin
Published: October 2023

The development of advanced materials capable of autonomous self-healing and mechanical stimulus sensing in aquatic environments holds great promise for applications in underwater soft electronics, underwater robotics, and water-resistant human-machine interfaces. However, achieving superior autonomous self-healing properties and effective sensing simultaneously in an aquatic environment is rarely feasible. Here, we present an ultrafast underwater molecularly engineered self-healing piezo-ionic elastomer (MESHPIE) inspired by the cephalopod’s suckers, which possess self-healing properties and mechanosensitive ion channels. Through strategic engineering of hydrophobic C–F groups, hydrolytic boronate ester bonds, and ions, the material achieves outstanding self-healing efficiencies, with speeds of 94.5% (9.1 µm/min) in air and 89.6% (13.3 µm/min) underwater, coupled with remarkable pressure sensitivity (18.1 kPa–1) for sensing performance. Furthermore, integration of this mechanosensitive device into an underwater submarine for signal transmission and LED modulation demonstrates its potential for underwater robotics and smarter human-machine interactions.
Coordination of Head Node Selection Based Energy Efficient Relay Node Routing Protocol for Manet
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Thamizhmaran , Arputham Charles
Published: October 2023

Emerging article we will discussed in one types of cluster based infrastructure less network called Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET), because most of the young researcher sincerely worked in this area. MANET is communicated through collections in many of active in-depended mobile nodes that self configured dynamic distributed network affects for many challenging issue such as routing, energy, security, packet drop, packet loss, time delay, mobility and bandwidth etc. In this work proposed cluster head based energy efficient design called Cluster Head selection based energy efficient Relay Node Selection Randomly (CH-RNSR) protocol based on reactive routing protocol they work path selection routing between source and destination via active intermediate nodes for mobile network specially developed to aware head node energy issue compare to existing relay node selection routing protocol, due to increasing remaining energy automatically improve network lifetime and delivery ratio simulated via NS2, the following research used all conditions.
Survey of Awareness and Beliefs about Cancer (ABC) in Tehran Province, Iran
Authors: Akbari Paria , Nemati Saeed , Nahvijou Azin , Bolourinejad Paria , Forbes Lindsay , Zendehdel Kazem
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Knowledge, attitudes and practices are important measures for planning and evaluating cancer control programs. Little is known about these in Iran.
Methods
We conducted a population-based interview survey of adults aged 30–70 using the Farsi version of the Awareness and Beliefs about Cancer questionnaire in the capital province of Tehran, Iran, in 2019. We calculated weighted estimates of levels of cancer knowledge, attitudes and practices to allow for different selection probabilities and for nonresponse. We used multivariate logistic regression to understand demographic factors associated with bowel, cervix, and breast screening practices.
Results
We interviewed 736 men and 744 women. The mean number of recalled cancer warning signs was less than one; 57.7% could not recall any cancer warning signs. On average, participants recognized 5.6 out of 11 early cancer warning signs and 8.8 of 13 cancer risk factors. Most (82.7%) did not know that HPV infection was a cancer risk factor. Approximately, half had negative attitudes towards cancer treatment, but over 80% had positive attitudes towards the effectiveness of screening for improving survival. Colorectal, breast, and cervical screening rates were 24%, 42%, and 49%, respectively. Higher socioeconomic status increased the odds of screening for cancer. Women aged 60–70 were less likely to report taking up breast and cervical screening than younger women.
Discussion
The Iranian population has poor awareness and negative attitudes about cancer, and participation in screening programs is low. Public awareness and early detection of cancer should be promoted in Iran.
Corrosion of Q235 carbon steel induced by sulfate-reducing bacteria in groundwater: corrosion behavior, corrosion product and microbial community structure
Authors: Hua Wenxin , Sun Rui , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Yunyun , Li Jiaxing , Qiu Ri , Gao Yu
Published: October 2023

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is one of the reasons leading to the service failure of pipelines buried in the soil. To investigate the effect of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) on the corrosion behavior of Q235 carbon steel in groundwater, a hanging plate test was carried out and the SRB was characterized by electrochemical methods, surface analysis, and biological analysis. In addition, a group of blank experiments was used as a control. The results showed that SRB continued to grow and reproduce in groundwater without lacking a carbon source for 14d to maintain life activities. The community structure has changed after corrosion, and the dominant species of SRB has changed from Desulfovibrio to Desulfosporosinus. During the whole growth cycle, the electrochemical results demonstrated that the impedance of the carbon steel surface forming a biofilm was 1 order of magnitude higher than that of other periods, and the formed ferrous sulfide layer also hindered the occurrence of corrosion. In comparison to the condition without SRB, the inclusion of SRB results in reduced weight loss. The average weight loss with SRB is 0.01389 g, whereas the average weight loss without SRB is 0.03956 g. However, the 3D topography indicated that the surface of carbon steel was more uneven and pits were increased with SRB. Altogether these results implied that the growth of SRB makes the corrosion process of Q235 carbon steel more complicated.
Effect of Growth Hormone in Patients with Moderate to Severe Intrauterine Adhesions
Authors: Guo Luwei , Zhang Kunjie , Li Yongfang , Yang Xin , Lin Jiayu
Published: October 2023

Purpose

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is one of the obstetrics and gynecology diseases that affect female fertility. The treatment of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis in combination with postoperative hormone therapy has not gained satisfactory effects yet. Since growth hormone (GH) promotes endometrial growth, we wanted to explore the therapeutic effect of GH on patients with moderate to severe IUA clinically.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the data of 18 IUA patients, who underwent transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA) procedure followed by estrogen-progestin sequential therapy and GH administration, with 16 patients who did not receive GH therapy. Patients’ endometria were reexamined and their menstrual recovery was followed up.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in basic characteristics, preoperative American Fertility Society (AFS) score, endometrial thickness difference, and menstrual recovery. On average, patients treated with GH showed a more pronounced increase in endometrial thickness change and a better menstrual pattern, although under the basis of a slightly higher preoperative AFS.

Conclusion

It appeared GH did no difference in moderate to severe IUA. More data are worth accumulating to determine the role of GH in IUA treatment.
Parchmentization process for low cost novel separator for whey protein treatment in microbial fuel cell
Authors: Abdulwahhab Maha A. Allawi , Najim Sarmad talib
Published: October 2023

This study compared the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using parchment paper as a separator to a CMI7000 proton exchange membrane. The MFCs were operated in two chambers with whey solution as the substrate. Parameters such as COD removal, internal resistance, power density, current density, and Columbic efficiency ratio (CE) were evaluated. The CMI7000 membrane exhibited the highest COD removal at 92%, while the parchment paper achieved removal percentages ranging from 72–91%. The internal resistance was lower for the parchment paper separator for the first run, the internal resistances were 68 and 84 for parchment paper and CMI7000, respectively. The maximum energy densities were 219 mW/m (5.74 mA/m) and 421 mW/m (8.24 mA/m) for parchment paper and CMI7000 membrane, respectively. The CE values for parchment paper were 36.32 and 33.5, while for the CMI7000 membrane, they were 42.73 and 32.0, for the two runs. Overall, the study demonstrated that the parchment paper separator performed reasonably well in terms of COD removal, internal resistance, energy density, and Columbic efficiency ratio compared to the CMI7000 membrane in microbial fuel cells.
Effector Proteins of Funneliformis mosseae: Unravelling Plant-Fungal Interactions through Reference-Based Transcriptome Analysis, In vitro Validation, and Protein‒protein Docking Studies
Authors: Singh Pushplata Prasad , Srivast Divya , Vasistha Pratima , Shukla Sadhana , Johny Leena
Published: October 2023

Background
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form a highly adaptable and versatile group of fungi found in natural and man-managed ecosystems. Cell signaling molecules are important in establishing symbiosis between host plants and AM fungi. Recent studies have illustrated that effector proteins produced by AM fungi influence host-plant defense responses during the establishment of interactions between host plants and AM fungi. Fungal effectors are secretory proteins capable of modifying host cells, suppressing host defense and promoting infection by fungi to derive nutrients from the host. The effectors are delivered to the host via diverse mechanisms and at different stages based on environmental triggers.
Results
Here, we carried out transcriptome sequencing of Funneliformis mosseae isolate BR221 and identified the expressed gene repertoires. The study emphasized the annotation of putative effector proteins and investigation of the crucial effector proteins that interact with the candidate host targets involved in immunomodulation and facilitation of colonization in roots. A total of 120 effector proteins were identified in F. mosseae isolate BR221, of which 26 were found to be common to previously reported species of AM fungi. In silico prediction using a pathogen‒host interaction database suggested that four effectors could be crucial in establishing AM fungi-host interactions. Protein‒protein in silico interactions between the selected effectors of F. mosseae isolate BR221 and known host-plant proteins previously reported to be important in mycorrhizal association emphasized the potential role of the four selected effectors of F. mosseae in AM fungus-host interactions. Real-time expression of these effectors in F. mosseae isolate BR221 was validated using qPCR experiments.
Conclusions
Through transcriptome analysis of Funneliformis mosseae isolate BR221, we identified key effector proteins central to AM fungi-host symbiosis, with four effectors underscored by in silico prediction and experimental validation as pivotal in mediating this crucial interaction.
Enhancing Air Quality: Investigating Training Room Environments in a Technical University's Sports Facilities
Authors: Melaniuk-Wolny Edyta , Widziewicz-Rzońca Kamila
Published: October 2023

Air quality analyses were conducted in sports facilities at the Silesian University of Technology in Poland, with a specific focus on training rooms occupied by students. The study aimed to assess the impact of indoor air quality (IAQ) on human health, taking into consideration various ventilation methods and the number of individuals exercising indoors. Air samples were collected from five training rooms within three sports facilities. The results indicate that outdoor air primarily influences air quality in sports facilities. Internal factors, such as the number of students, floor surfaces, and mattresses, influenced pollutant concentrations (CO2 and PM2.5). Overall, CO2 levels remained within safe limits, but fluctuations occurred due to physical activity, reaching as high as 1859.7 ppm. The average median concentration of indoor PM2.5 was 16.7 µg/m³, while outdoor levels averaged 12.2 µg/m³. A correlation between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 pollution underscores the importance of using air purifiers to enhance air quality in sports halls.