bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional connectivity changes in the insular subregions of patients with obstructive sleep apnea after 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure treatment: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
Authors: Long Ting , Li Haijun , Shu Yongqiang , Li Kunyao , Xie Wei , Zeng Yaping , Huang Ling , Zeng Li , Liu Xiang , Peng Dechang
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to investigate the functional connectivity (FC)changes between the insular subregions and whole brain in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment and to explore the relationship between resting-state FC changes and cognitive impairment in OSA patients. Data from 15 patients with OSA before and after 6 months of CPAP treatment were included in this study. The FC between the insular subregions and whole brain was compared between baseline and after 6 months of CPAP treatment in OSA. After 6 months of treatment, OSA patients had increased FC from the right ventral anterior insula to the bilateral superior frontal gyrus and bilateral middle frontal gyrus, and increased FC from the left posterior insula to the left middle temporal gyrus and left inferior temporal gyrus. Hyperconnectivity was found from the right posterior insula to the right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral precuneus, and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, which mainly involved the default mode network. FC changes among the right posterior insula, bilateral precuneus, and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex were correlated with depression and anxiety scores.There are changes in functional connectivity patterns between the insular subregions and whole brain in OSA patients after 6 months of CPAP treatment. These changes provide a better understanding of the neuroimaging mechanisms underlying the improvement in cognitive function and emotional impairment in OSA patients and can be used as potential biomarkers for clinical CPAP treatment.
Shi-style Steaming and Bathing Decoction on Knee Osteoarthritis by Decreasing Synovial Fibrosis and Angiogenesis
Authors: Wen Shengyue , Tian Biao , Lin Xun , Yuan Kaiwen , Cao Yuelong , Zhan Hongsheng , Chen Bo
Published: November 2022

Aim of the study:
A discussion of the effect of Shi-style steaming and bathing decoction on synovial fibrosis and vascular hyperplasia.
Materials and methods
An anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT method) was used to replicate the knee osteoarthritis (KOA) model. After 4 weeks, and synovial tissues were taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and Krenn score to verify whether the KOA model was successfully established. After the 4-week successful modeling, each group used different interventions for 4 weeks, while the sham-operated and KOA model groups were not intervened. At the end of the intervention, HE staining and Masson staining were used and Krenn scores and positive fiber areas were calculated.Femoral artery blood flows in the right lower limb was detected with a color Doppler ultrasound machine. The protein expression level of VEGFA was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical assay, and the quantitatively analyze the mRNA of VEGFA using Real-time PCR .
Results
The animals in Shi-style steaming and bathing decoction herbal bath treatment group generally performed well. HE staining, Krenn score and Masson staining indicated that Shi-style steaming and bathing decoction herbal baths reduced the number of synovial inflammatory cells, attenuated synovial fibrosis, decreased blood flow velocity, alleviated vascular resistance, and decreased the protein expression level of VEGFA in vivo and the mRNA expression level.
Conclusions
In the rabbit KOA model, Shi-style steaming and bathing decoction herbal bath at 40°C can alleviate synovial inflammation, fibrosis and revascularization, and improve local blood circulation of the knee joint. Therefore, it is feasible for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
The Effect of Subcutaneous Fat Volume on Sunburn
Authors: Kong Jingyi , Zhao Wanchen , He Jinshen
Published: November 2022

Importance: Excessive exposure to sunlight is common in people's lives, which will lead to sunburn and even some skin diseases. Although previous researches have explored many relevant factors for sun damage, not much is known about what effect subcutaneous fat volume has on sun damage. Objective Our study aims to show the effect subcutaneous fat volume has on sun damage and try to explain the mechanism behind. Method, Setting: Our Cross-sectional study conducted with individuals aged 20–59 at NHANES during 2017–2018. The total of 2373 participants were divided into two groups according to the degree of sun damage. Then we analyzed data by constructing three multivariable linear regression models and smooth curve fitting. Participants: We collected data of individuals’ degree of reaction to the same sun exposure, subcutaneous fat volume, age, gender, race and other essential factors during 2017–2018 at baseline (n = 5286). We excluded participants with missing answers of subcutaneous fat volume (n = 1868), missing answers of skin reaction to sun after non-exposure (n = 920) and missing answers of other factors (n = 125). The rest participants were divided into two groups according to the degree of sun damage. Exposure: After several months of not being in the sun, the participants were exposed to the sun without sunscreen or protective clothing for half an hour. Main Outcome and Measure: The result showed that the person who has more serious skin reaction to sun is likely to have less subcutaneous fat volume. The association remained significant among both gender groups and various subgroups defined by race. Conclusion The person who has more serious skin reaction to sun is likely to have less subcutaneous fat volume. It will make people more aware of the role of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the protection of the dermis, epidermal layer and in sun protection. Give some ideas to the research of the function of subcutaneous adipose tissue.
A new adjusted of Adomian decomposition strategy for solving initial value problems from first order
Authors: Mutaish Adel
Published: November 2022

In this paper, new adjusted of Adomian decomposition strategy to solve initial value problems from first order. The proposed method can be applied to singular and nonsingular problems. The linear and nonlinear examples prove that the presented method is efficient, easy to implement.
De nova assembly, annotation and comparative genomics study on the draft genome of Indian brackish water shrimp Caridina pseudogracilirostris
Authors: SoundharaPandiyan NandhaGopal , Rajaretinam Rajesh Kannan , Alphonse Carlton Ranjith Wilson , Thanumalaya Subramoniam , Gnana Prakash Vincent Samuel
Published: November 2022

The caridean shrimp Caridina pseudogracilirostris (order-Decapoda, family-Atyidae) is commonly found in the brackish waters of the southwestern coastal regions of peninsular India. The draft genome sequencing of this shrimp was carried out by Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform. We obtained a draft genome assembly of C. pseudogracilirostris (1.3 Gbp; 6,03,962 scaffolds; scaffold N50 = 2641 bp; 35.71% GC, 52.8% BUSCO completeness). It revealed that 24.60% of the genomic sequences are repetitive and has high proportion of simple sequence repeats (SSR) spanning 7.26% of the entire genome. Other major repeat classes found are Retroelements (3.19%), LINEs (2.37%) and L2/CR1/Rex (1.05%). A total of 14101 genes were identified with AUGUSTUS. The predicted genes were functionally annotated using EggNOG-mapper and the genes containing database hits were sorted based on the biological processes using Panther database. Genes associated with developmental process (31), cellular process (30), immune system process, (20) and reproductive process (24) were further analyzed in pathway commons and narrowed down into genes involved in regulatory pathways. We have conducted a comparative study with 15 crustacean species using OrthoFinder. It provided the phylogenetic species tree and a total of 7396 orthogroups were identified. C. pseudogracilirostris has shown only 3.7% orthologous genes.
A bounded constraint-based approach to aid for error localization from a counterexample
Authors: Bekkouche Mohammed
Published: November 2022

A model checker can produce a trace of counter-example for an erroneous program, which is often difficult to exploit for locating errors. In this paper, we proposed an error localization algorithm from counter-examples, named {\tt LocFaults}, combining approaches of Bounded Model-Checking (BMC) with a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). The input is a faulty program for which a counter-example and a postcondition are provided. To identify helpful information for error location, {\tt LocFaults} analyzes the paths of CFG (Control Flow Graph) of the erroneous program to calculate the subsets of suspicious instructions to correct the program. Indeed, we generate a system of constraints for paths of control flow graph for which at most k conditional statements can be wrong. Then we calculate the MCSs (Minimal Correction Sets) of limited size on each of these paths. The removal of one of these sets of constraints yields a maximal satisfiable subset, in other words, a maximal subset of constraints satisfying the post condition. {\tt LocFaults} has been experimentally evaluated on a set of academic and realistic programs. The main advantage of this flow-driven approach is that the computed sets of suspicious instructions are small, each of them being associated with an identified path. Moreover, the constraint programming based framework of {\tt LocFaults} allows mixing Boolean and numerical constraints in an efficient and
straightforward way.
MaxEnt modelling in predicting habitat suitability for Syzygium alternifolium - An endangered species from Eastern Ghats, India.
Authors: Pattanaik S. , Koteshwar P. , Hembram K. , Ashok D.
Published: November 2022

Syzygium alternifolium (Wight) Walp. is a medium-sized tree economically exploited locally for its medicinal uses. Its seeds, fruit pulp, leaves and bark are used locally in ayurvedic medicines for the treatment of various ailments. It is an endemic and endangered species that is narrowly confined to the southern parts of Eastern Ghats, India. To understand its ecological and geographic distribution and to identify potential habitats for its introduction/reintroduction to assist its recovery from the endangered category, we used MaxEnt for ecological niche modeling (ENM), taking one hundred sixty-six species occurrences and twenty-six climatic and topographical datasets as input. The MaxEnt model has identified five variables having maximum bearing on S. alternifolium distribution and has successfully reconstructed the species’ geographic distribution in the Seshachalam, Veligonda and Lankamalla hill ranges of Eastern Ghats. The model predicts 95% of the study area to be potentially least suitable for S. alternifolium, whereas only 5% of the study area is predicted to be moderate to highly potentially suitable for the species. Furthermore, the model identified novel, potential habitats with similar ecological conditions that can be used as a guide for the introduction/reintroduction of S. alternifolium to expand its range and assist in species recovery from its endangered category.
Spiritualitas Generasi Muda di Gereja Kristen Pasundan Bakal Jemaat di Kampung Teko terhadap Tradisi Perayaan Etnis Tionghoa bagi Generasi Z dalam Konteks Budaya Populer
Authors: Matahelemual Maria Aprina
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article aims to provide an overview of the young generation spirituality of the church in interpreting various celebrations of Chinese traditions that are celebrated by the family and the community in the church. Various celebrations of Chinese traditions carried out by members of the congregation influence the dynamics of church ministry. However, the young generation of the church did not seem to reject the Chinese traditions but also did not show an accepting atitude or living the traditions as part of their spiritual life. As young generation they participate in various traditional ancestral with their parents and families as part of a respect to the parents with social interpretation which tradition as a social function that does not conflict with their Christian faith. Their spirituality of the tolerant and inclusive are built a wise action for church life in a plural society, especially providing a good influence on church life in the midst of the Western Javanese context as the scope of growth of the Pasundan Christian Church.

AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran spiritualitas generasi muda gereja masa kini dalam memaknai berbagai perayaan tradisi Tionghoa yang dipelihara baik oleh keluarga dan masyarakat di mana gereja bertumbuh. Beragam perayaan tradisi Tionghoa yang dilakukan oleh anggota jemaat memberikan pengaruh terhadap dinamika pelayanan gereja baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Sekalipun demikian, generasi muda gereja terkesan tidak menolak terhadap tradisi perayaan etnis Tionghoa tetapi juga tidak menunjukkan sikap menerima dan menghayati perayaan tersebut sebagai bagian dari kehidupan spiritualitas mereka. Sebagai generasi muda gereja mereka turut serta dalam berbagai perayaan tradisionalleluhur bersama orang tua dan keluarga sebagai bagian dari bentuk hormat pada orang tua dan memaknai perayaan tersebut sebagai fungsi sosial yang tidak bertentangan dengan iman kristiani yang mereka miliki. Spiritualitas generasi muda yang toleran dan inklusif tersebut dipandang sangat membangun panggilan hidup bergereja di tengah masyarakat majemuk, terutama memberikan pengaruh baik bagi hidup bergereja di tengah konteks Jawa bagian Barat sebagai ruang lingkup pertumbuhan Gereja Kristen Pasundan.
Merayakan Imago Dei Bersama Orang dengan Disabilitas Intelektual dalam Cinta Persahabatan
Authors: Nainggolan Dina Maria
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article explores the spiritual dimensions of people with mild to severe intellectual disabilities. Dimensions that are increasingly lost and neglected, especially since the Enlightenment era which focuses to intellectuality and rationality as the summa of human existence. Human image with God has been understood only in terms of rational and intellectual abilities which leads to discrimination and neglect of God’s image in persons with disabilities, especially persons with intellectual disability. This article seeks to fi nd the image of persons with intellectual disabilities with God through the manifestation of love and shows that persons with intellectual disabilities like others can find God in Holy Spirit who works beyond human intellectual abilities.

AbstrakArtikel ini menelusuri dimensi spiritualitas penyandang disabilitas intelektual ringan hingga parah. Dimensi yang semakin hilang dan terabaikan terutama sejak abad pencerahan yang menekankan intelektualitas dan rasionalitas sebagai keberadaan manusia yang terutama. Kesegambaran manusia dengan Allah sejauh ini dipahami hanya dalam kemampuan rasional dan intelektual yang berujung pada diskriminasi dan pengabaian kesegambaran Allah dalam diri penyandang disabilitas terutama penyandang disabilitas intelektual. Tulisan iniberupaya untuk menemukan kesegambaran penyandang disabilitas intelektual dengan Allah melalui perwujudan hidup yang penuh cinta kasih dan menunjukkan bahwa penyandang disabilitas intelektual sama seperti mereka yang tidak menyandang disabilitas dapat menemukan Allah dalam kuasa Roh Kudus yang bekerja melampaui kemampuan intelektualitas manusia yang terbatas.
DETERMINING PATTERN OF SMARTPHONE USAGE AND ASSOCIATION OF ACADEMIC STRESS WITH SLEEP QUALITY OF FIRST-YEAR MEDICAL UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., Gupta Rajshree , Kumar Sant Santosh ,   Professor & Head, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., PIN- 206130., Kumar Gupta Rajesh ,   M.B.B.S., M.D. (General Medicine), Rajshree Clinic, Raebareli, U.P., PIN- 229001., Singh Rajpoot Raveendra ,   Professor, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., Kant Singh Amit ,   Professor, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., Jaiswal Kirti ,   Professor, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., Pal Singh Naresh ,   Professor, Department of Community Medicine, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., Singh Anamika ,   Professor, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., a Devvrata ,   Junior Resident, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., Chourasia Pragya ,   Junior Resident, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P., Agarwal Adesh ,   Junior Resident, Department of Physiology, U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah, U.P.
Published: November 2022

Introduction:Medical students, encounter considerable stress during prolonged study periods,especially during their exams, and together with excessive smartphone usage for studies and social networking are vulnerable to lack of sleep. Humans require adequate sleep to survive, as it greatly influences ones capacity for productive and effective daily performance. According to several studies, sleep-deprived students may experience headaches, muscle aches, sweating, palpitations,insomnia, nightmares, difficulties falling asleep, etc. Methods:Methods for gathering data included a pre-structured &pre-designed questionnaire for Smartphone Usage, Perceived Academic Stress (PAS) Scale & Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Surveyed 184 first-year medical students of U.P.U.M.S., Saifai, Etawah. Results:Out of 184 students (116 male and 68 female) the Screen time of Smartphones exceeds 3 hours in 44.6% (82) students, 168 students (91.3%) used their smartphone after 10 pm and 51 students (27.7%) students reported difficulty in eyes or refractive error due to smartphone usage. 86 students (46.7%) think smartphone usage has a negative impact on their sleep quality. The MeanÂ±Standard Deviation of the Perceived Academic Stress (PAS) Scale for all Subjects was 60.11 Â± 11.29(>60 is High Academic Stress and that of Global PSQI Scores was 9.15 Â± 0.58 (>5 associated with poor sleep quality). The association between the variables was determined by analysis of variance that is the value of significance or the p-value was p = 0.0001. Conclusion: The findings of this study led us to the significant association between academic stress with sleep quality. There is high academic stress among the studentsand the pattern of their smartphone usage has a negative impact on their sleep quality.
NOTES ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE GHAZNAVID EMPIRE ACCORDING TO SELECTED HISTORIOGRAPHY SOURCES
Authors:   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Kalthum Abdul Hadi Ummu , Zulfazdlee Abul Hassan Ashari Mohamad ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Fahimi Kamaruzaman Azmul ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Dalillah Mohd. Isa Ammalina ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: November 2022

The Ghaznavid Empire ruled territories of Central Asia, Afghanistan, Iran and northern India during its glorious era, especially during the reign of Mahmud al-Ghaznawi (997-1031AD). Such feat indirectly created societal plurality thus prompting the Ghaznavids to introduce policies which took into account national, cultural and religious diversity. Based on that reality, this study aims at analysing the development of social aspects in the Ghaznavid era as noted in a number of selected historiographical sources, among them being Tarikh al-Yamini authored by al-Utbi and Zayn al-Akbar by Gardizi. In addition to this, this study also examined modern historiography discussing social aspects of the Ghaznavid Empire to support findings obtained from primary sources. This study applied a qualitative approach through historical study and content analysis in collecting and analysing data obtained from primary and secondary sources. Findings of this study shows that discourse on social aspects in the Ghaznavid era touched on the population in the empires territories, encompassing societal structure, political governance, and cultural development. Such notes proved that the Ghaznavid Empire also enjoyed peaks of social achievement in parallel with the advancement of the Ghaznavid rule.
DIAGNOSES OF THE POTENTIAL SOURCES OF THE ANTHROPIC POLLUTION OF THE NIGER STREAM AROUND THE CITY OF NIAMEY (NIGER)
Authors:   Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, University Abdou Moumouni (UAM), BP: 10960, Niamey/Niger., Marafa Mahamadou Adamou , Dan-Badjo Abdourahamane Tankari ,   Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, University Abdou Moumouni (UAM), BP: 10960, Niamey/Niger., Elhadji Daou Ibrahim ,   Department of Mining Engineering and Environment, School of Mines, Industry and Geology of Niamey (EMIG), Niger., Maman Hassan Abdourazakou ,   Department of Geosciences, School of Mines, Industry and Geology of Niamey (EMIG), Niger., C. Przemyslaw ,   Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Torun, Poland., M. Switoniak ,   Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Torun, Poland.
Published: November 2022

During its crossing in the agglomeration of Niamey, the Niger stream serves as spillway of the garbage as a dump for both solids and liquids generated by the industrial and domestic activities. The main objective of this study is to identify all garbage resulting from the activities of the population of Niamey bordering to the Niger stream. Some interviews have been led by the taking parts responsible for the production and the management of the urban garbage, followed by the investigations of the land through the observations of the states of the banks of the stream and the urban infrastructures of purification of the garbage. The gotten results reveal that on twenty-one (21) establishments investigated only six (6) pre-treatmentfacilities for their effluents. Also, the network of purification of used waters of the city of Niamey is the unit type, and deprives functional works of purification of the urban worn-out waters. The city of Niamey rejects sewages of used waters in the Niger stream through thirty-seven (37) points of the dismissals identified along the banks of the Niger stream, of which thirty-four (34) on the left strand and three (3) on the right strand, therefore the less exposed to the pollution. On the other hand, the abduction of the solid garbage endures an insufficiency, of such sorts that garbage is evacuated in the gutters, the valley of Gounti-yÃƒÂ©na to be drained at the stream or poured directly on the banks of the Niger stream. Thus, thirty (30) points of stripping of the garbage near the course of the Niger stream have been identified of which seven (7) garbage dumps out of the right strand and twenty-three (23) on the left strand. Indeed, the anthropicsources of the pollution of water of the Niger stream in the city of Niamey result from dismissals of garbage and the worn-out water essentially bound to the activities of the city.
Do exercício do poder familiar versus a autonomia do menor intersexo à luz dos direitos da personalidade
Authors: Bernardes da Silveira Oliveira dos Santos Jamille , Cardin Valeria Silva Galdino
Published: November 2022

A intersexualidade é uma condição biológica e física identificada pelo nascimento de uma pessoa com características (morfológicas, endocrinológicas e genéticas) relacionadas tanto ao sexo masculino quanto ao feminino. Para fins desta pesquisa, no entanto, foram considerados apenas os casos intersexo marcados pelo quadro de ambiguidade genital. No Brasil não há uma lei específica que trate acerca do tema, e para a abordagem médica tradicional o indicado é que, logo após o nascimento da criança, verificada a intersexualidade, essa deverá passar por exames médicos para determinar seu sexo predominante e, na sequência, ser submetida a uma cirurgia de “correção” do genital. O procedimento, contudo, é invasivo e representa afronta a uma gama de direitos fundamentais e da personalidade, em especial os direitos à identidade e à integridade física. Em virtude disso, o presente trabalho possui por objetivo analisar os limites do poder familiar e a possibilidade de reconhecimento da autonomia do menor em detrimento da prática de “correção” cirúrgica em recém-nascidos intersexo. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa teórica, que consiste na consulta a sites, livros, artigos e leis relacionadas à temática.
A responsabilidade socioambiental nas práticas da administração pública
Authors: Tonetto Braga Fernanda Figueira , Guerra Sidney
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo busca identificar as relações necessárias entre o desenvolvimento da responsabilidade socioambiental e as práticas da administração pública. Seu papel evidencia-se como garantidora do direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, tal como previsto pelo artigo 225 da Constituição Federal, bem como enquanto sujeito de deveres na preservação ambiental. Nesse sentido, buscar-se-á compreender quais são os principais eixos da responsabilidade ambiental na administração pública, ancorados no uso racional dos recursos naturais e dos bens públicos, na gestão adequada dos resíduos, na qualidade de vida no ambiente de trabalho e na sensibilização de seus servidores, além da instituição de políticas de compras públicas e construções sustentáveis. O trabalho visa, por fim, perquirir qual a agenda ambiental adotada pelos órgãos públicos, especialmente a partir de declarações internacionais, sobretudo no que toca ao papel do Estado na condição de influenciador da responsabilidade social corporativa por meio de suas ações.
Retrocesso ambiental em discusão: aplicação do direito adquirido, do ato jurídico perfeito e da coisa julgada
Authors: Fiori Junior Dionilson Osvaldo , Arana Alba Regina Azevedo , Santos Silas Silva
Published: November 2022

O direito adquirido, o ato jurídico perfeito e a coisa julgada são garantias constitucionais que estão conceituadas na LINDB – Lei de Introdução das Normas do Direito Brasileiro – e estão harmoniosamente interligadas aos demais institutos do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. São garantias de que, uma vez realizados atos, esses não podem ser desfeitos. No entanto, alguns direitos relacionados a metaprincípios se sobrepõem a outros, quando então não se aplicam a regras gerais existentes. Desta forma, o objetivo principal do trabalho é estabelecer a compreensão sobre o direito adquirido, o ato jurídico perfeito e a coisa julgada em matéria ambiental, dentro de uma perspectiva de proibição do retrocesso ambiental. O trabalho apresenta os desdobramentos ambientais advindos da não aplicabilidade do direito adquirido, do ato jurídico perfeito e da coisa julgada nos casos em que houve degradação ambienta. Trata-se de uma pesquisa básica e exploratória, do tipo bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que a vedação ao retrocesso ambiental está implícita no artigo 225 da Constituição Federal de 1988. E ainda que sua aplicabilidade nem sempre está assegurada contudo, a aplicação desse princípio sofreu avanços e retrocessos em especial no Pontal do Paranapenama-SP.
Tata Kelola, Kepemilikan Keluarga, Auditor Berkualitas, dan Manajemen Laba
Authors:   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Tangerang, 15339, Indonesia, Daniel Daniel , Harianto Sandy ,   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Tangerang, 15339, Indonesia
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the relationship between corporate governance quality, family ownership, auditor quality, towards accrual and real earnings management activities among publicly listed firms in Indonesia. Using non-financial industry sector listed firms for the period of 2010-2019, we empirically demonstrate that firms with higher corporate governance quality have lower levels of both real and accruals earnings management activities. Furthermore, there is evidence that a higher level of family ownership is related to a lower level of real earnings management activities but has no significant effect on accrual earnings management activities. Meanwhile, the appointment of the big four public accounting firms has a lower level of accruals earnings management activities but no significant effect on real earnings management activities. Only a firm with high corporate governance quality and a qualified auditor significantly decreases real and accrual earnings management. Furthermore, there is evidence that the mitigating effect of higher corporate governance quality in reducing earnings management activities is more pronounced for family firms. The empirical findings seemed to suggest that family firms in Indonesia want to protect their interests by reducing the potentially harmful real earnings management activities.
A review of hydraulic performance and design methods of labyrinth weirs
Authors: Idrees Anees Kadhum , Al-Ameri Riyadh
Published: November 2022

Labyrinth weirs are complex hydraulic structures. They have been widely used as a water regulator and to increase discharge in channels and spillway dams. Labyrinth weirs are an economical and effective method to pass large floods. In addition, they are used to reduce the requirements of the structural footprint. These features make them an interesting and appropriate choice to increase the capacity of discharge. Several factors affect the discharge capacity and the hydraulic performance of labyrinth weirs, including water level to crest height ratio, angle of sidewalls, apex width, conveyance channel conditions, and vertical aspect ratio. The present paper aims to summarise the most relevant knowledge of the hydraulic characteristics of the labyrinth weirs reported in previous articles. The importance of the present study is to provide a better understanding of how these weirs operate, in addition to which future studies deserve further investigation. The results demonstrated that some parameters still need further investigation. Also, energy dissipation over the labyrinth weir needs further investigation with different weir geometry. Furthermore, the results showed that common design equations did not take into account all parameters affecting labyrinth weir performance, including geometries, flow conditions, site conditions, and scale effect. In addition, machine learning techniques need further study.
Exploring Cantharidin and its Analogues as Anticancer Agents: A
Review
Authors: Li Shaoting , Wu Xufeng , Fan Gang , Du Kui , Deng Liping
Published: November 2022

Background:

Cantharidin (CTD) is a highly toxic substance which can be
used to treat a variety of cancers. However, the clinical application of CTD is restricted
due to the serious side effects. In recent years, screening its analogues, exploring the
mechanism of action and using combinatory therapy with certain substances are considered
to be feasible methods which can reduce side effects and improve the therapeutic activity
of CTD. This review aims to describe SAR (structure-activity relationship) of CTD
analogues, CTD induction mechanisms, and combinatory therapy exploration.

Methods:

We searched for research about CTD by entering the database. Important information
was screened and extracted purposefully, including SAR, mechanisms, methods,
etc. Finally, these contents were unified into a framework to form a review.

Results:

Some CTD analogues with imidazolium salt or double bonds at C-5 and C-6 positions
demonstrate good anticancer activity. Through introducing methyl and acetoxy
groups at the C-1 or C-4 position, the inhibitory effect of PP was weakened or even inactivated.
Removing the two methyl groups of C-2 and C-3 can reduce side effects and improve
efficacy. Replacing methyl with fluorine can also improve the activity and reduce
toxicity. Water solubility and bioavailability could be improved by opening the five fivemembered
anhydride ring to form carboxylic acid, salt, amide, and ester derivatives. The
anticancer mechanism can be divided into the following aspects, including inhibiting cell
invasion and metastasis, inducing apoptosis, regulating cell cycle and enhancing immunity.
The proper formulation of CTD and its analogues (liposomes, nanoparticles and micelles)
can improve the targeting of liver cancer and reduce toxic and side effects. CTD
combined with anti-angiogenic therapeutics (Ginsenoside Rg3, Bevacizumab, Apatinib
and Endostar) showed additive anti-pancreatic cancer effects.

Conclusion:

It was found that the potential mechanism was closely related to multi-channel
and multi-target interactions, which provided a guiding direction for the later exploration
of new clinical therapeutic applications. However, some detailed mechanisms are
still unclear, and more evidence is required to verify. In addition, the new methods to improve
the therapeutic potential of CTD and its analogues still need more clinical trials to
be tested in the future. This prospect is very broad and worthy of further study.
Entourage Effect and Analytical Chemistry: Chromatography as a Tool in the Analysis
of the Secondary Metabolism of Cannabis sativa L.
Authors: Silva Sofrás Fresia Melina , Desimone Martin Federico
Published: November 2022

Cannabis sativa L. has been used as medicine for thousands of years. Since the early identification of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in 1960, pharmacological activities were attributed to a group of unique structures named cannabinoids. For decades, research and development were applied to determine different cannabinoids and their medicinal properties. Nowadays there is evidence that the therapeutic benefits of the plant are based on the synergy of cannabinoids and other secondary metabolites such as terpenes and flavonoids. Differences between the medical performance of isolated compounds like cannabidiol (CBD) or THC and full-spectrum plant extracts are notable. Indeed, the superiority of the last one is provoked by the synergy between various different compounds. This improved medicinal effect is called the entourage effect. Chromatography has become the method of choice for the determination of cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, so it represents an excellent tool for a proper characterization of the plant and plant derived products. The objective of characterization relies not only in analyzing the fingerprint of cannabis, but also to identify different chemotypes for medical purposes. To understand the contributions of each natural product to this “entourage effect”, this review presents an in-depth analysis of the utilization of High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Gas chromatography (GC) and other methods for the analysis of phytocomponents of Cannabis sativa L. In this sense, a representative number of examples and advances made in the field together with limitations and future needs are provided. It can be concluded that standardized protocols and quality control policies and procedures are necessary for the comprehensive analysis of cannabis extracts and derivatives.
Research on the Material Basis and Mechanism of Kudzu Root in Preventing
and Treating Cerebral Ischemia based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Yao Wei , Qiu Xiaopeng , Li Bingtao , Yan Feixia , Wang Song , Zhu Xudong , Lu Longhui , Wang Jingjing , Zhu Na , Wang Shuaikang , Xie Yongyan , Xu Ziwei , Zhu Weifeng , Liu Ronghua , Huang Liping
Published: November 2022

Background:

It has been shown that Kudzu root has significant pharmacological effects
such as improving microcirculation, dilating coronary arteries, and increasing cerebral and coronary
blood flow, but its material basis and mechanism of action are not clear.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of Kudzu root in the
prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia (CI) through network pharmacology combined with
animal experiments.

Methods:

The components of kudzu root were screened by using the Chemistry Database, Chinese
Academy of Science. Linpinski's five rules were used to perform pharmacophore-like analysis to
obtain the active ingredients of Kudzu root. The Swiss Target Prediction Service database was
used to predict the potential protein targets of kudzu root components associated with CI. An active
ingredient-target network was constructed by using Cytoscape 3.6.0. A rat model of middle cerebral
artery occlusion (MCAO) was established, then the main targets and signaling pathways predicted
were verified by observing the area of cerebral infarction and Western blot experiments.

Results:

In total, 84 major active compounds and 34 targets included gerberoside, belonging to the
isoflavone class, gallic acid, amino acid class, 4-Methylphenol, phenolic class, and quercetin, and
flavonoid class (Flavonoids). The targets covered were proteins related to excitatory amino acids
and calcium overload, including Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (SLC1A2), Glutamate receptor
ionotropic, kainate 1 (GRIK1), Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 (GRIN1), Glutamate
receptor 2(GRIA2), Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), Neuronal nitric
oxide synthase(nNOS). Glutamatergic energy is prominent, and calcium transport across the membrane
is central to the network and occupies an important position.

Conclusion:

Kudzu root can significantly reduce neurological damage in rats with CI, and also
significantly reduce the rate of cerebral infarction. It is worth noting that kudzu root can prevent
and treat CI by reducing excitatory amino acid toxicity and improving calcium overload.
A New Bacteriocin from Latilactobacillus sakei: In vitro and In situ
Application
Authors: Contesa Camila Ramão , de Souza Nathieli Bastos , Gonçalo Guilherme Battú , Almeida Luciano , Manera Ziotti Ana Paula , Moraes Caroline Costa
Published: November 2022

Aims and Background:

Natural preservatives are a viable alternative to replace chemical
preservatives that have potential toxicity and carcinogenic effects.

Objective:

To prove the effectiveness in increasing the microbiological stability of Minas Frescal
cheese with the addition of a bacteriocin obtained from Latilactobacillus sakei as a natural preservative.

Method:

A new broad-spectrum bacteriocin was evaluated for its functional activity in vitro and in
situ when applied in the formulation of Minas Frescal cheese. A commercial bacteriocin was used as a
positive control.

Results:

The inhibitory action of the bacteriocin studied was confirmed, with a reduction of 42.86% in
the count of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus in relation to the negative control, at the end of the 30
days of study. For the group of thermotolerant coliforms, the bacteriocin studied showed greater efficiency
than the commercial preservative. In vitro analyzes showed the inhibitory action of bacteriocin,
above 87% inhibition against S. aureus, E. coli and Salmonela enteritidis, and approximately 90%
against Listeria monocytogenes.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that the bacteriocin produced by the Latilactobacillus sakei strain has
great potential for application in foods such as Minas Frescal cheese.
Structure based Drug Designing Approaches in SARS-CoV-2 Spike Inhibitor Design
Authors: Shanmugam Anusuya , Venkattappan Anbazhagan , Gromiha M. Michael
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak and the pandemic situation have hastened the research commu-nity to design a novel drug and vaccine against its causative organism, the SARS-CoV-2. The spike glycoprotein present on the surface of this pathogenic organism plays an immense role in viral entry and antigenicity. Hence, it is considered an important drug target in COVID-19 drug design. Several three-dimensional crystal structures of this SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have been identified and de-posited in the Protein DataBank during the pandemic period. This accelerated the research in com-puter-aided drug designing, especially in the field of structure-based drug designing. This review summarizes various structure-based drug design approaches applied to this SARS-CoV-2 spike pro-tein and its findings. Specifically, it is focused on different structure-based approaches such as mo-lecular docking, high-throughput virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulation, drug repurpos-ing, and target-based pharmacophore modelling and screening. These structural approaches have been applied to different ligands and datasets such as FDA-approved drugs, small molecular chemi-cal compounds, chemical libraries, chemical databases, structural analogs, and natural compounds, which resulted in the prediction of spike inhibitors, spike-ACE-2 interface inhibitors, and allosteric inhibitors.
Microfluidic Paper-based Device for Medicinal Diagnosis
Authors: Lomae Atchara , Preechakasedkit Pattarachaya , Teekayupak Kanyapat , Panraksa Yosita , Yukird Jutiporn , Chailapakul Orawon , Ruecha Nipapan
Published: November 2022

Background:

The demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) devices has rapidly grown
since they offer immediate test results with ease of use, makingthem suitable for home self-testing
patients and caretakers. However, the POCT development has faced the challenges of increased cost
and limited resources. Therefore, the paper substrate as a low-cost material has been employed to
develop a cost-effective POCT device, known as “Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices
(μPADs)”. This device is gaining attention as a promising tool for medicinal diagnostic applications
owing to its unique features of simple fabrication, low cost, enabling manipulation flow (capillarydriven flow), the ability to store reagents, and accommodating multistep assay requirements.

Objective:

This review comprehensively examines the fabrication methods and device designs
(2D/3D configuration) and their advantages and disadvantages, focusing on updated μPADs applications for motif identification.

Methods:

The evolution of paper-based devices, starting from the traditional devices of dipstick and
lateral flow assay (LFA) with μPADs, has been described. Patterned structure fabrication of each
technique has been compared among the equipment used, benefits, and drawbacks. Microfluidic device designs, including 2D and 3D configurations, have been introduced as well as their modifications. Various designs of μPADs have been integrated with many powerful detection methods such
as colorimetry, electrochemistry, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence, and
SER-based sensors for medicinal diagnosis applications.

Conclusion:

The μPADs potential to deal with commercialization in terms of the state-of-the-art of
μPADs in medicinal diagnosis has been discussed. A great prototype, which is currently in a reallife application breakthrough, has been updated.
Green and Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of 1,3-Diaryl-2-Propenones Catalyzed
by Amberlyte IRA-410 and Amberlyte IRA-400 basic Resins
Authors: Masmoudi Nihel , Chtourou Manef
Published: November 2022

This research paper presents a green, safe and easy synthesis of trans-chalcones under ultrasound
irradiation in the presence of anionic resins. Several trans-Chalcones have been obtained following
an environmentally friendly methodology using Amberlyte IRA-410 and Amberlyte IRA-400
resins as heterogeneous and efficient catalysts. The products of the condensation reaction were generally
synthesized in good yields and the analysis confirmed their structures well.
Different Chemosensing Pathways: A Short Review
Authors: Sinha Puspita , Prajapati Sunita , Jana Subrata
Published: November 2022

This short review focused on the different sensing mechanisms of the chemo and biosensors,
which has been regularly exploited during the research in this field. This review focuses
on the basic understanding of the electronic changes of the sensors and their interaction with different
analytes.
Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and
its Treatment Strategies
Authors: Ramachandran Vadivelan , Mohanasundaram Tharani , Karunakaran Darshan , Gunasekaran Monika , Tiwari Ruchi
Published: November 2022

Background:

Diabetes foot ulcers (DFU) are among the most common complications in
diabetic patients, leading to amputation and psychological distress. This mini-review covers the
general physiology of ulcer healing as well as the pathophysiology of DFU and its therapies. Only
a few treatments have been sanctioned and numerous compounds from various pharmacological
groups are now being tested at various stages for the prevention and treatment of DFUs.

Objective:

The main objective of this mini-review is to give concise information on how diabetes
mellitus impairs the healing of chronic ulcers by disrupting numerous biological systems of the normal
healing process, resulting in diabetic foot ulceration, and the current therapeutic approaches.

Method:

A review of accessible material from systemic searches in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus,
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, published review articles, and Clinical Trials databases
(US National Library of Medicine) with no period of limitation was conducted.

Result:

The treatment of DFUs comprises wound dressings, use of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors
in wound dressing, antibiotics, skin substitutes, pressure off-loading growth factors and
stem cells, gene therapy, topical oxygen therapy, etc.

Conclusion:

The majority of these treatments are aimed at treating diabetic foot ulcers and preventing
diabetic wounds from becoming infected. Yet, there is no single therapy that can be advised
for diabetic foot ulcer patients. Future treatment strategies should be considered an appropriate
treatment option for persistent wounds.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Anxiety, Physical Symptoms, Worry, and Attention Deficit in Women with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Salartash Venus , Yekta Mehrnaz Azad , Zabihi Rozita
Published: November 2022

Background:

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) causes a person's life to be full of worries by involving cognitive processes and not tolerating uncertainty and increasing worry and affecting the quality of sleep and attention of these people, and disrupting life functions.

Objective:

This study investigated the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on anxiety, physical symptoms, worry, and attention deficits in people with GAD.

Methods:

It was a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test study with an experimental group and a control group. In this study, 30 women with GAD were selected using a voluntary sampling method. After matching, participants were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received CBT for 10 sessions, but the control group did not receive any treatment. The research instruments included the attention skills Questionnaire by Savari and Oraki and the Pennsylvania State Worry Scale.

Results:

There was a significant difference in physical symptoms in the experimental group compared to the control group (P< 0.01, F = 65.28), while in the experimental group, there was a significant difference in worry compared to the control group. Moreover, there was a significant difference in attention deficit in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Conclusion:

The results showed that CBT improved attention deficit and worry in women with GAD.