bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Des promotions-prix sur des produits équitables en GMS : comment réagissent les consommateurs ?
Authors: de Ferran Florence , Labbé-Pinlon Blandine , Lombart Cindy , Louis Didier
Published: August 2014

Les promotions-prix sont-elles pertinentes pour promouvoir les produits équitables dont le prix est censé garantir une juste rémunération aux petits producteurs ? Qu’en est-il du point de vue des consommateurs déjà sensibilisés au commerce équitable, mais qui n’achètent pas, ou qu’occasionnellement, ces produits ? Une étude qualitative exploratoire montre tout d’abord que ces consommateurs perçoivent a priori une certaine antinomie entre les promotions-prix et les produits équitables qu’ils appréhendent comme des produits différents des produits conventionnels, même s’ils reconnaissent paradoxalement que les promotions-prix pourraient favoriser l’achat de ces produits. Une expérimentation menée par la suite en magasin laboratoire révèle alors que les consommateurs, déjà sensibilisés au commerce équitable, non-acheteurs ou acheteurs occasionnels de produits équitables, réagissent autrement en situation d’achat. Ils portent attention à ces promotions et certains en profitent pour acheter des produits équitables en raison de la promotion mais aussi pour aider les petits producteurs. Les poids relatifs de ces deux motivations d’achat dépendent alors de l’intensité de la promotion et du profil des consommateurs.
Les déterminants de la performance sociale. Comparaison des cas d'Emmaüs et des Restos du Coeur
Authors: Auger Pascale , Reynaud Emmanuelle
Published: August 2014

L’objectif de cette recherche est de comprendre les fondements de l’indépendance financière des organisations au service des plus démunis. Pour répondre à cet objectif, nous avons utilisé deux études de cas réalisées auprès de la communauté Emmaüs de Saint Marcel à Marseille et auprès des Restos du cœur de Marseille. 23 entretiens semi-directifs retracent la manière dont les membres de ces communautés travaillent au sein de leurs structures. Ces données ont été traitées selon une analyse thématique de contenu. Les résultats montrent que la performance sociétale d’Emmaüs est axée sur la réinsertion et la revalorisation de soi, tandis que les restos du cœur sont davantage concentrés sur le don et le soutien sans contrepartie. Cela permet un retour sur la grille de Brechet et Desreumaux (2001) et montre d’importantes différences entre Emmaüs et Les Restos du Cœur. Les principales différences se situent au niveau des fondements, de l’utilisation des ressources, de la performance sociale et de la performance client.
ICT in Direct Democracy
Authors: Amanatidis Stavros , Palla Olga Eirini
Published: August 2014

This chapter presents and analyzes the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in public participation and more specificly in e-referenda as an aspect of direct democratic participation. It aims to explain the correlation between ICT and e-referenda. Referendum, used as an instrument to accept or deny a proposed political decision, has a strong function of controlling political power and securing the openness of political power structures. It serves as an instrument of division of powers and opens roads to opposition outside parliament. In general, it provides the people with veto positions (Schiller, 2003, p. 12). By presenting the evolvement of the ICT and the technological developments that resulted an impact on the way democracy is being exercised in the modern societies, there is an attempt to provide ideas and solutions on the use of e-referenda in modern democracies. The dangers, the advantages, and the disadvantages of the use of ICT in democracy are presented and analysed as well. All these issues are being discussed, as this chapter tries to give a clear and objective perspective regarding the role of e-democracy and the problems that come along with its implementation.
Exploring the Effectiveness of Seller Reputation Mechanism Using Online Sales Data
Authors: Wang Ying , Huang Lei , Guo Yi
Published: August 2014

This paper attempts to explore the effectiveness of the seller reputation mechanism by an empirical study using online sales data collected from TaoBao.com. A comparison analysis of seller reputation metrics of TaoBao, Amazon, and jd are carried out before the selection of the seller reputation metrics. The seller reputation metrics of small appliances are used as the input for the study considering the quality homogeneity among different sellers of the market, and the sales performance is measured by the sales amount of the recent month. The univariate analysis are performed to find out the effect of different seller reputation metrics on the sales performance, and the attribute selection technique is then applied to reveal the most significant factors contributing to the sales performance. The result indicates the significance of the user subjective assessment on the sales performance.
Impact of Lubrication Interval to Operating Status of Bearing
Authors: Čačko Peter , Krenický Tibor
Published: August 2014

This paper shows the groundwork of correct interval of lubrication the bearing and its impact on the operating and technical status. The method of monitoring vibration in frequency range from 0 to 200 Hz was selected for determining the technical state of bearing. The bearing was monitored and lubricated every month during the half an year except one month.
Analysis of Technological Head Working Pressure, Tilt Angle and Shift Impact to its Vibrations Using AWJ Technology
Authors: Bicejova Luba , Fabian Stanislav
Published: August 2014

The paper deals with an experimental analysis of a technological head tilt angle impact to vibration generation. The search of the technological head tilt influence is performed for three technological head shift speeds and for three abrasive water medium pressure values. From graphic records showing relation of vibration acceleration amplitude to its frequency, a group of 9 comparative frequency envelope graphs for two tilt angles and three technological medium analyzed pressures for each of three speeds of the head shift is created. On the base of the frequency envelope comparative graphs a discussion and formulated conclusion are stated. The paper presents a thematically integrated part of the thesis and complements recent knowledge on water jet technology manufacturing system working condition diagnosis.
Monitoring of the Influence of Moisture Content in Thermoplastic Granulate on Rheological Properties of Material
Authors: Dobránsky Jozef , Baron Petr , Kočiško Marek , Vojnová Eva
Published: August 2014

Present article deals with assessing the influence of moisture content in thermoplastic material on rheological properties of material. The measurements were carried out on samples of hygroscopic plastics, i.e. plastics that tend to absorb moisture from the surrounding environment. Moisture in plastic material before its processing can have negative influence on physical or thermal properties of a product and can devalue visual aspect of the end product, thus these plastics have to be dried before their processing. Observed samples of materials were placed in three different rooms and measurements of Melt Volume-Flow Rate of thermoplastics were carried out at precisely determined intervals. Moisture content in material was determined by Mettler Toledo HB43-S moisture analyzer. To determine the influence of moisture content on rheological properties of material, a method of determination of Melt Volume-Flow Rate (MVR) of thermoplastics was used. The measurements were performed by using Termo Haake Meltflow MT etxrusion plastometer.
Finite Element Analysis of Damage Modeling of Fiber Reinforced Laminate Plate
Authors: Kormaníková Eva , Kotrasova Kamila
Published: August 2014

The paper deals with identifying of the damage model for a bundle of T300 and AS4D fibers under tensile load. The damage model is implemented in ANSYS for a one-dimensional bar element and obtained the strain-stress response of a bundle of fibers. The delamination of laminate plate, which consists of unidirectional fiber reinforced layers, is investigated. The methodology adopts the first-order shear laminate plate theory and fracture and contact mechanics. Within the interface modeling there are calculated the individual components of energy release rate along the lamination front. Numerical results are given for mixed mode delamination problems. Numerical example is done by the commercial ANSYS code.
Preparation of a New Oil Absorbing Polyurethane Foam
Authors: Guo Meng Ying , Wang Hai Wang , Wang Yu Han , Si Qian Yu , Guo Zhuang Zhi , Wei Xin Fang , Song Huai He
Published: August 2014

Oil absorbing foam as a new type of the oil absorbing material, its oil absorptive property had a very important researching value in oil spill emergency disposal and the treatment of oily wastewater in daily life and laboratory. Polyurethane foam was used as a basal body material and silicone was used as modifier for the surface-modification to an excellent new kind of polyurethane flexible foam. This kind of foam has the quality of high oil-absorbing and low water-absorbing, by changing the potency of silicone and the amount of polyurethane to get the best treatment plan. The results show that the absorption of per gram of this new kind of foam is 16.89g edible oil, 24.86g diesel oil or 26.89g gasoline.
Preparation of Oil Absorption Bubbles Using a New Surface Treatment Technology
Authors: Si Qian Yu , Wang Hai Wang , Cui Xue , Guo Meng Ying , Zheng Nan Nan , Wei Xin Fang , Song Huai He
Published: August 2014

We used surface treatment technology to handle wasted polyurethane foam in this paper. And made out a series of new oil absorbed foams to realize the waste reused. We used the following two technical schemes to improve oil absorption of the polyurethane foam: 1 Dealing polyurethane foam with tung oil;2 Dealing polyurethane foam with tung oil and organic silicon compoundly. Study shows the oil absorbency is up to 22.4 times when using tung oil, at the same time when the concentration of organic silicon is 1:5 , the oil absorbency is 16 times. The oil absorption effect of polyurethane soft foam which experiences the twenty-minute tung oil processing is the best.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)/ZnFe2O4
Authors: Qi Shu Yan , Chen Ming , Liu Xiao Hu , Xu Huan Yan
Published: August 2014

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites were prepared by a colloidal deposition (CD) method. The as-prepared AuNPs/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS). XRD results showed that the diffraction peaks of AuNPs gradually increased with the increase of AuNPs content. SEM observations revealed that the AuNPs were presented as regular nanoparticles on the ZnFe2O4 in all the composites. With the increase in Au content, the amount of AuNPs deposited on ZnFe2O4 surface increased. EDS element analysis indicated that the actual content of AuNPs in nanocomposites was consistent with its preset value before preparation by CD method. An active dye, Methyl Orange (MO), was employed as the target pollutant to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of AuNPs/ZnFe2O4 under UV irradiation. The photocatalytic evaluation showed that MO discoloration ratio could reach 72.17% when the nanocomposite with AuNPs content of 5 wt.% was used as the photocatalyst. Finally, the possible mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnFe2O4 by AuNPs was proposed.
The Thermal Stability of Ce0.67Tb0.33MgAl11O19 by SiO2-Coatingin Sol-Gel Processing
Authors: He Ling , Ling Rui , Sun Wei Ming , Li Wen Sheng , Dong Qi Zheng
Published: August 2014

SiO2-coated phosphors of Ce0.67Tb0.33MgAl11O19 (CTMA) were prepared by the sol–gel method in order to enhance thermal stabilities. The phase structures, microstructures and luminescence properties were studied by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and fluorescence spectrometer respectively. The emission intensity of SiO2-coated Ce0.67Tb0.33MgAl11O19 phosphor was little lower than uncoated phosphor. After baked at 600°Cfor 6h, the coated CTMA showed good thermal stabilities. The luminance performance of SiO2-coated phosphor is 93% compared with the unbaked CTMA, which is improved 10% in contrast to uncoated.
Preparation and Characterization of Magnetite Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhao Fu Yan , Li Ya Ling , Li Lu Hai
Published: August 2014

The preparation of magnetite nanoparticles with controlled size has attracted of scientific and technological broad attention. Spherical magnetite nanoparticles in the size range from 8nm to 22 nm were synthesized by coprecipiation method using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as dispersant. Magnetite nanoparticles have good dispersibility and uniform particles size distribution. The properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), automated surface area and pore size analyzer, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and the catalytic performance was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The saturation magnetization is 13.785emu/g, and the coercive force of the sample is 23.738G, the average size of the particles is 13.6 nm, specific surface area is 19.318 m2/g and phenol conversion is up to 99.5%. These results indicate the synthesized magnetite particles have good performance.
Effect of Nano-Al2O3 on the Microstructure and Properties of ZrO2 Dental Materials Prepared by Microwave Sintering
Authors: Ai Yun Long , Xie Xiang Hua , He Wen , Liang Bing Liang , Chen Wei Hua
Published: August 2014

Al2O3(x)/ZrO2 composite ceramics were successfully prepared by microwave sintering. The influence of variety content of nanoAl2O3 on mechanical properties and microstructure of ZrO2 dental materials were studied, and analysied the mutual relations of chemical composition, mechanical properties and microstructure to investigate the reason of strengthening and toughening. Results indicated that The relative density of the Al2O3(x)/ZrO2 composite ceramics reached more than 96.8%.The HV hardness ,bending strength and fracture toughness presented excellent mechanical properties as 12.5GPa, 753.8MPa and 11.8MPa·m1/2 with the content of nanoAl2O3 was 7.5%. Compared with that of pure ZrO2 ceramics, the bending strength and the fracture toughness were improved 19% and 96%, respectively. The main crystal phases in this composite ceramics were t-ZrO2 and α-Al2O3.The nanoAl2O3 have a obvious effect on the strength and toughness of ZrO2 based ceramics. The reason of strengthening and toughening mainly the additions reduced the ZrO2 grains growth and promoted grains size uniformity, and changed the fracture mode from transgranular fracture to intergranular fracture characteristics.
A Method of Insect Recognition Based on Spectrogram
Authors: Jia Qi , Min Rui , Huang Shao Guang , Wei Ying
Published: August 2014

A novel approach to insect recognition is presented in this paper. The difference between the proposed method with traditional methods is that it starts from the perspective of image and combines voice processing algorithms with image processing algorithms. The classification is done based on voice activity detection (VAD) and spectrogram. We show, by means of example that this approach can recognize different insects correctly. However, despite the potential of correct recognition, further justification of the reliability of the method need to be provided by a larger scale of experiments. Hence, some improvements will be proposed latterly.
RETRACTED: Reduced Postoperative Pain after Inguinal Hernia Repair with Absorbable String in Children
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Dong Chun Yu , Zhao Xue Song , Zhao Ji Xue , Dang Dan , Zhang Hai Yu
Published: August 2014

Retracted paper: Object: To investigate effects of the high ligation of hernia sac with absorbable string for children with indirect inguinal hernia. Method: A retrospective analysis of 92 patients with inguinal hernia who underwent the high ligation of hernia sac was conducted in the present study, in which 20 cases underwent the high ligation of hernia sac with absorbable string while 72 cases treated with the high ligation of hernia sac with non-absorbable suture. The mean operation time, mean intraoperative blood loss and average postoperative hospital stay and postoperative pain rating were analyzed. Results: Though no statistical difference existed in the mean operation time, mean intraoperative blood loss, average postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the postoperative pain in the high ligation of hernia sac with absorbable string group was significantly lower than that of the non-absorbable group. Conclusion: Compared with that of the high ligation of hernia sac with non-absorbable string, there is lower grade postoperative pain in the high ligation with absorbable suture.
The Design of Gun-Drill Sharpening Device
Authors: Zhu Lin , Geng Yi
Published: August 2014

With the advancement of science and technology, the precision of processing mechanical parts is increasingly high demand, the increasing number of small diameter deep hole parts, which puts forward higher requirements of deep hole processing equipment and Gun-Drill sharpening devices. The gun drill needed to be repeatedly regrinding, hand grinding method cannot guarantee the optimum tool geometry, so special grinding devices are necessities. This paper designed a fast Gun-Drill sharpening device, the grinding accuracy and efficiency were improved, and the device has been applied in actual production.
Harmonic Response Analysis and Tests of Three-Cylinder Fracturing Pump
Authors: Wu Gui Hua , Wu Min , Qiu Hong You
Published: August 2014

The fracture pump will vibrate remarkably in the operating process due to the complex combined loads. It is necessary to study the dynamic performance of its whole structure so as to ensure its safety and operating efficiency. Therefore, the ANSYS was applied to conduct harmonic response of a certain three-cylinder fracture pump and study vibration response by mechanical excitations of a crank-connecting rod-piston system. It was shown that the acceleration amplitude of fracture pump is very large in some frequency and easy to resonate, such as 77.35Hz, 126.7Hz, 744.6Hz and 792.2Hz. Some tests were implemented to validate the feasibility of the FEM method in the dynamic response analysis of the fracture pump, on their basis the optimal design became possible for the fracture pump.
Variable Universe Fuzzy PID Control for Minimally Invasive Operation Robotic Catheter System
Authors: Shi Jing Bo
Published: August 2014

Robotic catheter minimally invasive operation requires control system of quick response, strong anti-jamming and real-time tracking of target trajectory. The contradiction between fuzzy PID control precision and its response speed limits its application in master-slave minimally invasive operation. The paper adopted variable universe fuzzy PID method to improve fuzzy PID method’s control precision without reducing the speed of response. The simulation results show that variable universe fuzzy PID control method has fast tracking performance and strong robustness, and it has feasibility and practicability in robotic catheter minimally invasive operation.
Multi-Criteria-Decision-Making of Floating Supports with Large-Capacity OWT at Deep Water
Authors: Meng Xun , Geng Ao Xiang , Li Xin
Published: August 2014

The paper presents an assessment methodology for comparable evaluation of a Spar and a Barge support with multi-megawatt OWT. Stability and hydrodynamic performance of both two floaters are checked by SESAM software. Taking consideration of rotational excitation frequencies of the OWT and primary wave excitations, reasonable engineering attributes of the structures are derived. The attributes are applied in multi-criteria decision making method-TOPSIS combining with environmental and economic attributes for benchmarking relatively better solution. The outcome of the study would contribute towards a more informed decision making process for the most suitable configuration of a new floating support structure for large wind turbine at deeper water.
Influence of Different Ultrasonic Wave on Polymerization of Polyaniline Nanofiber
Authors: Husin Muhamad Rasyidi , Arsad Agus , Hassan Azman , Hassan Onn
Published: August 2014

Ultrasonic polymerizations at various wave frequencies of 5-20 kHz were used to synthesize polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers. PANI was synthesized using hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a dopant and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an oxidant. The characteristics of PANI based on molecular structure of functional group and morphology were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM images of PANI nanofiber show a long nanofibers structure with average diameter of ~25 nm. The FTIR spectra were in acceptable range and confirmed the successful formation of PANI. In this study, the polymerization at frequency wave of 20 kHz shows the best overall properties of produced PANI nanofiber.
The Experimental Analysis and Calculative Assessment of Building Energy Efficiency
Authors: Korniyenko Sergey Valeryevich
Published: August 2014

The objective of the article is the energy efficiency assessment of an energy-saving measures complex on the basis of calculation-and-experiment control of building energy-saving. An experimental determining of energy indices of multi-apartment residential building during heating period was carried out. The energy audit was carried out applying express method which allows reducing significantly the labour intensity as well as the duration of the field observation. The thermal energy consumption for heating and hot water supply as well as electrical energy consumption during heating period were determined on the basis of the energy audit results. The energy efficiency class of the building is С (normal). Thus it has been stated that the building inspected conforms to the normative requirement. The verification of the calculation method for building energy indices during heating period was conducted on the basis of experimental investigations results, which confirmed the method reliability. The method for calculating the building energy indicators during the heating period including the consumption of thermal energy for heating and hot water supply and the electrical energy consumption was developed. Based on the calculation results it is possible to show that decrease of building envelope air permeability allows to raise a class of building energy efficiency.
Predicting Nanofiltration Performance during Treatment of Welding Electrode Manufacturing Wastewater, Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Golestani H. Alizadeh
Published: August 2014

This paper presents artificial neural network (ANN) predictions for a nanofiltration membrane used to treat wastewater of welding electrode manufacturing in a cross flow set up. The main parameters were time, feed flow rate, and transmembrane pressure (TMP). The experimental data were correlated and analyzed using ANN. ANN’s prediction of the permeate flux, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness for various TMPs, and flow rates are discussed. The effects of the training algorithm, neural network architectures, and transfer function on the ANN performance, as reflected by the percentage average absolute deviation, are discussed. A network with one input layer, 50-100 hidden layers, and one output layer is found to be adequate for mapping input–output relationships and providing a good interpolative tool. A good agreement has been obtained between the ANN predictions and the experimental data with a deviation below 2% for all cases considered.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance of TiO2/Modified Expandable Graphite Composite Material
Authors: Wang Hong Lun , Deng Qin , Liu Hui , Zhou Yan Zi , Zhang Yan Zong
Published: August 2014

In this paper, TiO2/modified expandable graphite composite material was prepared through sol-gel method with the carrier of modified expandable graphite.The influence of this composite material prepared in different calcination environment and with different times of load on the effect of methyl orange solution’s photocatalytic degradation was studied. Results show that the photocatalytic effect is better by using the composite material with the same times of load in aerobic calcination than that in anaerobic calcination. In the same calcination environment, the photocatalytic effect with 5 times of load is better than that with 1, 2, 3 and 4 times of load. Whether in the aerobic calcination or in the anaerobic calcination, the photocatalytic effect is better if the composite material is loaded 5 times.
2x2 Rectangular-Slot Microstrip Array Antenna for WLAN Applications
Authors: Sarkodie Obeng Kwakye Kingsford
Published: August 2014

This paper presents the design of a 2 x 2 microstrip array antenna suitable for wireless applications. Its basic structure is a microstrip comprising of three layers of which a 2x2 patches are etched on the top layer to act as the radiating element. The middle layer is a metal ground with rectangular slots and the bottom layer consists of a microstrip feedline. A larger bandwidth and the desired resonant frequency are achieved because of a reduction in the quality factor (Q) of the patch resonator, which is due to less energy being stored beneath the patch due to the rectangular arrangement of the slots. The characterization results of return loss, gain, and radiation pattern are presented consecutively. From the results, the simulated impedance bandwidth defined for S11<-10dB reaches 1850MHz (4.69-6.54GHz) representing 16.47%.
Palm Oil EFB: Green Energy Source in Malaysia
Authors: Hasanuzzaman Md. , Hossain Md. Farhad , Rahim N.A.
Published: August 2014

Empty fruit bunches (EFB) is a good lingo-cellulosic biomass to produce bio-ethanol, to generate electricity by using chemical or thermo-chemical conversion processes respectively. It is one of the potential renewable energy sources to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels and environment pollution. It is found that about 6% of diesel fuel can be saved by using palm oil EFB based converted bio-ethanol. By using thermo-chemical conversion of palm oil EFB, about 5% electrical energy demands can be fulfilled.
Fuzzy-TOPSIS for Appropriate Site Selection for Establishing a Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Matawale Chhabi Ram , Panigrahi Soumya , Sahu Santosh Kumar , Datta Saurav , Mahapatra Siba Sankar
Published: August 2014

Thermal Power Plant (TPP) is one of those discoveries that have changed the daily life of everybody and playing vital role in the present real world. The selection of site for thermal power plant, affects the amount of energy generated, power generation cost, economical development, environment and transmission (loss of power). In present work, fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (FMCDM) approach is proposed for site selection of TPP under partial or incomplete information. The proposed approach initially identified the criteria for site selection of TPP. Then the experts are provided linguistic ratings as well as weights to the potential alternatives against the selected criteria. Fuzzy-TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is applied to generate aggregate scores selection of best alternative. Finally a case empirical research is adapted to fruitful the proposed approach.
Prestin Expression in Cochlea of Bats Using Different Echolocation Systems
Authors: Li Qi Jiu , Zhang Xian De , Xu Ting Ting , Yin Jiang Xia
Published: August 2014

Outer hair cells (OHCs) have a unique ability to contract and elongate in response to changes in intracellular potential, and Prestin is the motor protein of the cochlea of the OHCs. It is the first time to invest the Prestin expression in different bat species. To invest Prestin expression in different bat species, which have different frequency, we did the coronal sections’ staining of the cochlea using immunhistochemistry. Experiment was designed to determine if the high-frequency bats’ OHCs have more expression than the low-frequency bats’OHCs. We found that the expression in three species was similar and had no obvious difference. Though the study of bats Prestin evolution suggested that Prestin has accelerating evolution in echolocation bats with high frequency, our we showed that the Prestin expression has nothing to do with the frequency, and the Prestin expression in high-frequency bats and low-frequency bats is similar.
Dynamic Modeling and Optimization on the Automatic Balancing of a Washing Machine
Authors: Hong Zhong Kun , Chen Yun Fei
Published: August 2014

In order to study the dynamic performance with respect to a drum type washing machine, a detailed three dimensional dynamic model considering six degrees of freedom is established in the commercial software Adams. The characteristics of model are in good consistency with the simulation results on the movement of measure point in the x-z plane and eigen modes of the rigid body system. An automatic counterbalancing model of balls with different torsion damping coefficient is designed for vibration reduction. The parameters affecting the vibration are investigated by the approach of design of experiments which can reduce design cycle significantly. Its optimization results show a good performance compared to a washing machine model without balance balls attached.
Safety Analysis of Plant Slope of Haokou Power Station
Authors: Shen Zhen Zhong , Sun Yi Fan , Xu Li Qun , Wang Ning
Published: August 2014

The Haokou power station is located in the south of Wu Long in chongqing, which is a medium-sized hydropower project given priority to electricity. The Dam located in south bank of Wujiang river downstream of Furong river has the catchment area of 7400 km2, total capacity of 94.12 million m3, installed capacity of 125 MW power . After the excavation of the main building, trailing edge to form 30 m high rock slope is tangential. Slope rock mass is given priority to with weakly weathered shale, mudstone, shallow accumulation horizon, thickness is about 0.5 m to 6.0 m. In analysis of slope stability, the FLAC 3d and the strength subtraction method was used. Considering of gravity, the shore web of pressure, water pressure and reinforcement bolt load combination, the stress response, displacement response, plastic zone as well as the safety factor of slope was analyzed. The calculation results show that the slope is stable.
Effect of Temperature and the Altitude of Filler on Biological Activated Carbon Performance
Authors: Yang Shi Dong , Liao Lu Hua , Liu Zhi Dong
Published: August 2014

The removal of CODMn, UV254, nitrate nitrogen and turbidity have been investigated in this paper by a biological activated charcoal (BAC) reactor in different height of the filter and the in different temperature of 4-18°C and 19 to 26°C. The results show that the highest concentration of microorganism occurs in the top of the BAC. The microorganism concentration decreases from top to bottom. The backwash period at low temperature is 4-5 days by measuring permanganate index of the different packing height, which can be extended to 6-7 days at normal temperature. CODMn was not removed effectively by BAC with the average value of about 4.51mg/L. The removal rates CODMn at normal temperature and low temperature are 15.90% and 4.38% respectively. The removal of nitrate nitrogen is also influenced by temperature. Removal of turbidity and UV254 under different stages do not show significant changes, but UV removal shows no obvious changes at the temperature of 5-26°C.
Experimental Investigation of Energy Damping in Masonry Mechanisms
Authors: Sorrentino Luigi , Alshawa Omar , Decanini Luis D.
Published: August 2014

Severe earthquakes throughout the world show that existing masonry buildings are prone to suffer out-of-plane local-collapse mechanisms. In such mechanisms energy dissipation is mainly due to impacts against the remainder of the structure. Using data from an experimental campaign on free-rocking walls, estimation are suggested for the coefficient of restitution in both two-sided (façade resting on a foundation) and one-sided (façade adjacent to transverse walls) rocking. Both brick and tuff elements are considered, and the relevance of test repetition and wall height-to-thickness ratio is addressed.
Based on Grey Correlation Theory of the Eastern Region Industrial Economic Efficiency Evaluation and Analysis
Authors: Li Rong Ping , Gao Wu , Li Yuan Jie
Published: August 2014

Set up an industrial economic benefit evaluation index system, including three level indexes, 8 secondary index, using the grey comprehensive evaluation method of industrial economic benefits in east China empirically measure and analysis. By analysis of the eastern provinces of the comprehensive ranking, according to the result of evaluation and comparison, we found out the eastern region economic level is uneven. Then, put forward the proposal to the development of eastern industrial economy.
A Study on Effect of Beginning V Concentration in TD Process
Authors: Li Shi Nan , Chen Hui , Zhang Yan Jie , Gao Zhang Yu , Liu Li Zhen , Ma Bing , Yu Lu Ning
Published: August 2014

Procedures of thermal diffusion (TD) process are carried out on two specimens of Cr12MoV steel using the same salt bath formula. For the two specimens, the beginning V concentration, V concentration at the time specimen is added, are different, the level of which is controled by changing the interval between the specimen are added and the time reducing agent of Al meeting with vanadizing source of V2O5. The interval for Specimen 1 and Specimen 2 are 10 and 30 minutes respectively. Consequently, different changes are happened on the surface of the substrates. The microstructures of coatings are observed by optical metallographic microscope and SEM/EDS, the hardness are tested by Vickers micro-hardness tester. Results show that: VC coating formed on Specimen 2 is of better performances than Specimen 1, microhardness of Specimen 2 reaches as much as 2400HV. It can be concluded that level of V concentration at the beginning of TD process is a vital factor for the forming of VC layer.
Research Progress of W/ZrC Ultra-High Temperature Cermets
Authors: Yu Yi Ping , Wang Song , Li Wei
Published: August 2014

Combined of refractory metal W and ultra-high temperature ceramic ZrC, W/ZrC ultra-high temperature cermets have exhibited high temperature strength, excellent resistance to thermal shock and ablation, possessing a wide application prospect in high temperature fields. At present, W/ZrC cermets are mainly fabricated by Hot Pressing (HP), Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS), in Situ Reactive Sintering (SRS) and Displacive Compensation of Porosity (DCP). Characters and developments of all these fabrications are reviewed in this paper, and a comparison of advantages and shortages between them is made, also the properties of W/ZrC cermets are analyzed. At last, the development directions of future work are prospected.
Research on the Influence Factor and Improving Measures of Machining Accuracy
Authors: Hu Liang , Wang Jun Fang
Published: August 2014

During the machining, the places of tool and work piece may change as influenced by various factors, consequently, the machined parts can not meet the needs of actual use. Therefore, before machining, various influencing factors on machining accuracy should be taken into consideration. This paper analyzed the influencing factors on machining accuracy and proposed measures to reduce machining errors and provide a guarantee for improving the machining accuracy.
Analysis of Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Two Hot Dip Galvanized Dual-Phase Steels with Different Alloy Systems
Authors: Kuang Shuang , Qi Xiu Mei , Han Yun
Published: August 2014

The microstructures and mechanical properties of a high carbon DP steel and a low carbon Nb microalloying DP steel were investigated. The two types of DP steels have both qualified to meet European standard performance. But the high carbon content DP steel exhibits relatively low elongation and low hole expansion rate as well as poor bending performance. The martensite island in high carbon DP steel appears obvious band structure, and the size of martensite islands is big. Contrary, the matensite islands in low carbon and Nb microalloying DP steel are dispersed and fine, which lead to perfect comprehensive performance.
Review of Pressurized Vessel Structural Design – An Assessment of Total Life
Authors: Vosynek Petr , Vlk Miloš , Návrat Tomas
Published: August 2014

The paper discusses life prediction of pressurized cylindrical container because of its dangerous failure during usage. The fatigue of material and crack propagation were obvious from the fracture surface. Crack initiation was located in the notch root of the thread. Our goal was to review the vessel structural design based on its technical documentation.Two approaches for estimating the crack initiation period were used. As input parameters, stress-strain relations in the notch were obtained from FEM analysis, done in ANSYS Workbench. The first approach makes use of Neuber’s rule based on elastic-plastic shakedown and cyclic stress-strain curve. The second concept (which is described in ČSN EN 13445-3 or AD 2000 Mekblatt S2 respectively) uses elastic shakedown. Included stress-life curves leads to the number of cycles to crack initiation.Finally the subcritical crack growth period and final fracture were estimated = the total life was evaluated.
Acoustic and Thermal Properties of Polymer Composites Reinforced with Lignocellulosic Fibers
Authors: Jayamani Elammaran , Hamdan Sinin , Ezhumalai Pushparaj , Heng Soon Kok
Published: August 2014

In this research the Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under nitrogen was used to investigate the thermal decomposition processes and sound absorption coefficients was measured using Impedance tube according to ASTM standard E1050 - 10 two microphone method for 2 types of polymer matrix composites. Sample 1 was made of rice straw (RS) reinforced with polypropylene matrix and Sample 2 was made of kenaf fiber reinforced with polypropylene matrix, both composites were fabricated using hot compression moulding technique. The thermal behaviour is of practical interest for conditions associated with temperatures above the atmospheric, as in fire damage, curing or process involving heating procedures. The sound absorption coefficient for a material is the fraction or percentage of incident sound energy that is absorbed by the material. The function of absorptive materials is to transform impinging acoustic energy into heat. The thermal stability of the composites was found to be higher than that of rice straw, kenaf fibers and the polypropylene matrix. The sound absorption coefficients of composites increased as the frequency increased. However, they decreased at the frequency of 1000 Hz and increased again. This decrease and increase was due to the specific characteristic of Lignocellulosic fibers reflecting sound at 1300 Hz but absorbing sound in the middle and high frequency ranges.
Flow Mechanism and Hydrodymanic Characteristics of 3D Cavity on the Surface of the Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Li Bai Zhou , Wang Yu
Published: August 2014

The flow past 3D cavity is a common structure, which is located on the surface of the underwater vehicle. The flow mechanism and hydrodynamic characteristics of the cavity have great significance for the design of the underwater vehicle. In this paper, large eddy simulation (LES) is presented to investigate the flow mechanism and hydrodynamic characteristics of the 3D cavity in terms of flow mechanisms, drag and fluctuating pressure. It is found that the motion law of the large vortex inside the cavity, and the drag and fluctuating pressure of the trailing edge is the largest. By the water tunnel experiment, the calculation result agrees with the experiment well, and LES method is verified feasibly.
Shock Absorber Using Hydraulic System and Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Zhang Ke , Tang Zhi Ping
Published: August 2014

A new type of shock absorber was designed. The shape memory alloy (SMA) bars were used as the kernel components for energy dissipation and restoration in the stress mode of pure tension. Their initial deformation was enlarged by the hydraulic system with two pistons of different sizes. In this way, high material utilization and high relative displacement were guaranteed together. The prototype device was fabricated, analyzed and experimental tested. The results show that the shape and amplitude of the force-displacement curve of the device could be easily changed by varying the hydraulic system, the number and/or the characteristics of the SMA bars. The new device can be separately or combined used as shock absorber and/or vibration isolation component for vehicles or other machines.
Effect of Scanning Depth of Field on the Measurement Noises of Developed Fringe Projection 3D Scanning System
Authors: Rashidizad Hossein , Rahimi Abdolreza
Published: August 2014

In this paper, some tests was performed to evaluate the effect of scanning depth of field on the measurement error and the density of the point cloud obtained from the developed non-contact 3D scanner by measurement error of about ±0.05mm, which was taken from a single digital camera and a 3LCD video projector as a source projecting the structured light pattern. To perform this analysis, the scanning depth changes occurred in steps. However, due to the effect that the video projector focus has on the sharpness of the projected image pattern and consequently the measurement noise created, the tests were repeated again with the change in focus at every step. The experimental results suggest the need to define the optimum scanning depth (less than 60cm), to provide a stable and acceptable precision, and shows the great effect of scanning depth of field and sharpness of the projected pattern on the amount of measurement noise and density of the points cloud.
Synthesis of a Novel Halogen-Free Intumescent Flame Retardant Agent
Authors: Yu Wang Wang , Huang Tao , Lei Wen
Published: August 2014

A novel non-halogen intumescent flame retardant agent (IFR) was prepared by using phosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and aniline as raw materials. The structure and thermal stability of IFR were investigated by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The flame retardant properties of IFR were investigated based on its inflation and char yield performance at 500°C. The results show that both the reaction time and mole ratio of raw materials have effects on the inflation and char yield of IFR.
A Certain Type of Tracked Vehicle Transmission Cabinet Failure Analysis and Fatigue Life Evaluation
Authors: Niu Yue Ting , Mu Xi Hui , Qiao Xin Yong
Published: August 2014

Transmission casing fatigue fracture is one of the most serious failure of the transmission system in the form of tracked vehicles. This article through the analysis of materials and structural stress analysis of a typical fracture failure mechanism of the tracked vehicle transmission cabinet. And in obtaining the stress on the basis of load spectrum its fatigue life was calculated. The results show that in the structure of the stress concentration and cabinet material number ZL101 cast aluminum defects such as inclusions, porosity are the main cause of fatigue crack initiation and propagation.
Element-Free Galerkin Method of Cold Forging Steel Ball
Authors: Yuan Ye , Liu Hong Bin , Wu Hai Tao
Published: August 2014

The fundamental principle of three dimensional Element-free Galerkin has been briefly investigated in this paper, and built forming mode of steel ball cold forging, Element-free Galerkin method successfully applied to the simulation analysis of steel ball cold forging forming process in the LS-DYNA simulation software. In comparison to Finite Element Method and experiment data, Proved Element-free Galerkin method was feasible in metal plastic forming process, and in the large deformation simulation was more accurate than the finite element method, Element-free Galerkin method has more obvious advantages after altering the impact factors.
Phase-Field Simulation Studies of Dendrite Growth Coupling with Force Flow Field
Authors: Feng Li , Zhu Chang Sheng , Lu Yang , Wang Zhi Ping , An Ling Min
Published: August 2014

Coupling the force flow field with the phase field model for the isothermal growth of dendrite, Sola algorithm is used to calculate the flow speed and pressure of liquid metal, Using double grid numerical method to reduce the calculation amount of computer simulation, The space factor and time factor are introduced to improve the accuracy of double grid numerical calculation, Taking Al-2%-Cu alloy as an example, the dendrite growth process of the binary alloy under forced convection environment is simulated; The simulation results can capture the real dendrite growth and interactions of the liquid metal flow in the process of dendrite growth under forced convection environment: In the incident flow regions, the dendrite morphology is complex, the secondary dendrite is lush and the growth speed is fast due to the influence of liquid metal flow. In the back flow regions, the growth of dendrite changes the flowing pressure among the liquid metals, it causes the regional complex flow patterns and there are two opposite eddy current; the grow speed of the main branch which grows perpendicular to the initial flow direction is the fastest and presents tilt growth phenomenon. When the space coefficient value is appropriate, the dual mesh method can save calculation time effectively.
Research on the Interference Correction in the CNC Incremental Forming
Authors: Zhu Hu , Wei Zhang , Ju Jin , Liu Yi Bo
Published: August 2014

Aiming at the problem of global interference correction that the extrusion tool is entirely contained within the workpiece in 5-axis CNC incremental forming, a method that can avoid interference by correcting only once based on STL (StereoLithography) model is proposed in this paper. The interference critical point is found by using the plane which is paralleled to the extrusion tool and the Z-axis to cut the extrusion tool and the workpiece model, and then the interference correction angle is calculated through the interference cirtical point. The case study shows that this method is simple, effective and it can correct interference only by one step.
Study on Flow Phenomenon in Spot Welding Nugget of Dissimilar Materials
Authors: Gao Xu , Yu Ke Qiang , Chen Xiao Hong
Published: August 2014

Flow phenomenon in spot welding nugget of dissimilar materials was studied. Metallographs in the course of welding nugget formation were observed and analyzed, through which it was indicated that: in the early stage of welding nugget formation, spot welding of dissimilar materials made liquid metals in the nugget produce a violent stirring action because the electrodynamic force overcame the medium resistance, causing unevenness of elements and compositions in the welding nugget; and then the unevenness was represented by vortex flow by means of different resistances to corrosion. It was proposed that the formation law of welding nugget could be recognized according to the formation law of vortex flow, and the vortex flow often moved from later-molten metal to former-molten metal. The property of welded joint with vortex flow was poorer than that without vortex flow.