bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Human Resources Development Strategy on Achieving the Sustainable Organizational Excellence in the Yemeni Banks
Authors: Prof. Dr. Abdullatif Musleh Mohammed Ayedh  , Dr. Adel Mohammed Ahssan Beshr
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to investigate the impact of human resources development strategy on achieving the sustainable organizational excellence in the Yemeni banks. To achieve this objective, the analytical descriptive method was used. The study population consisted of 1314 employees from 10 Yemeni banks. The study sample of (306) was selected by using a non-stratified random method. The data were collected by a questionnaire. The collected data were processed and analyzed using the SPSS.  The results of the study revealed that there was a discrepancy in the impact of the variables of the human resources development strategy on achieving the sustainable organizational excellence in the Yemeni banks. The highest degree of impact was found in the variable of innovation development strategy, whereas the lowest degree of impact was found in the human resources training strategy. In light of the findings, the study recommends that the Yemeni banks need to enhance the emphasis on achieving the sustainable organizational excellence of all dimensions and increase their attention to the implementation of human resource development strategy of all dimensions as this has a positive impact on achieving the sustainable organizational excellence.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Prodi S1 Geografi FISIP ULM Terhadap Kuliah Online Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Riadi Selamat , Normelani Ellyn Normelani , Efendi Muhammad , Safitri Irawaty , Firza Ismi Tsabita Gusti
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa tentang kuliah online, untuk mengetahui aplikasi yang digunakan, untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Geografi FISIP ULM Angkatan 2019. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan angket. Temuan Penelitian ini adalah Tempat yang biasa mahasiswa kuliah  online adalah rumah sendiri yakni sebanyak 46 orang (92%), dan sebagian kuliah di rumah keluarga/tetangga sebanyak 4 orang (8%). Akses internet di tempat tinggal mahasiswa yakni sebanyak 32 orang (64%), sedangkan yang menyatakan tidak ada akses internet sebanyak 18 orang (36%).  Alat elektronik yang digunakan mahasiswa dalam kuliah online adalah HP dan Laptop, dimana sebanyak 32 orang (64%) menggunakan HP untuk kuliah online, dan yang sebanyak 18 orang (36%) menggunakan laptop. Aplikasi online yang disukai mahasiswa sebagian besar adalah aplikasi Google Classroom yakni sebanyak 26 orang (52%), sebanyak 9 orang (18%) WhatsApp Group, sebanyak 8 orang (16%) Google Meet, dan sebanyak 7 orang (14%) Zoom. Pemahaman materi kuliah online sebagian besar mahasiswa menyatakan kadang-kadang paham yakni sebanyak 39 orang (78%), sebanyak 8 orang (16%) menyatakan paham, dan sebanyak 3 orang (6%) menyatakan tidak paham. Sebagian besar mahasiswa memilih kuliah tatap muka yakni sebanyak 47 orang (94%) karena kuliah online memiliki beberapa kendala. Kendala mahasiswa dalam kuliah online sebagian besar adalah kesulitan memahami materi yakni sebanyak 33 orang (66%), sebanyak 8 orang (16%) menyatakan kurangnya kuota internet, sebanyak 8 orang (16%) menyatakan kesulitan mendapatkan akses internet, dan 1 orang (2%) menyatakan kurang memahami aplikasi kuliah online.
Alih Fungsi Lahan Kawasan Hutan Lindung (Studi Di Kawasan Pengelolaan Hutan Lindung Kayu Tangi Blok I Kota Banjarbaru)
Authors: Nasruddin Nasruddin , Febrian Gusti M. Syahcreza , Rukmana Ananta Dandy , Indra Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Alih fungsi lahan dapat diartikan sebagai berubahnya fungsi sebagian atau seluruh kawasan dari fungsinya semula, seperti direncanakan menjadi fungsi lain yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan potensi lahan tersebut. Alih fungsi lahan hutan lindung memiliki dampak pada keberlanjutan ekosistem lingkungan secara luas. Hutan lindung sebagai kawasan yang  mempunyai  fungsi  pokok sebagai perlindungan sistem penyangga kehidupan untuk mengatur tata air, mencegah banjir, mengendalikan erosi, mencegah intrusi air laut, dan memelihara kesuburan tanah. Metode penelitian dilaksanakan melalui interpretasi hasil pemotretan foto udara menggunakan pesawat tanpa awak (drone) Tahun 2018, observasi lapangan melalui wawancara pada masyarakat di Kawasan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Kayu Tangi Blok 1 Kota Banjarbaru dengan teknik insidental sampling, yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alih fungsi lahan yang terjadi di Kawasan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Lindung Kayu Tangi Blok 1 Kota Banjarbaru menunjukkan 22,42% beralih fungsi menjadi kawasan bukan alami atau dengan luas 215,316 ha dengan perincian lahan garapan 13,10%, perkebunan 8,01%, bangunan 1,1%, dan pertanian 0,24%. Faktor terbentuknya alihfungsi didominasi oleh kesulitan dalam mendapatkan jenis pekerjaan sampingan, serta pengetahuan masyarakat yang rendah terhadap status lahan kawasan hutan lindung yang kepemilikannya oleh pemerintah. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan: 1) diperlukan suatu model dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat (PHBM) sebagai suatu program yang dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan masyarakat sekitar hutan melalui suatu lembaga swadaya yang dibentuk masyarakat bersama pemerintah dengan target mengembalikan fungsi kawasan melalui kegiatan agrofrestri, 2) diperlukan penyusunan lanskap kawasan berbasis perencanaan partisipatif yang saling menguntungkan antara pemerintah dengan masyarakat.
INFLUÊNCIA DA COMPOSIÇÃO DE SUBSTRATO NO DESEMPENHO MORFOFISIOLÓGICO DAS MUDAS DE TREMA MICRANTHA (L.) BLUME.
Authors: Kissi Yaovi Abel , Motta Ivo de Sa , Duboc Eny , Santiago Etenaldo Felipe
Published: March 2021

O uso de biossólidos na produção de mudas de espécies nativas é uma alternativa na gestão dos resíduos orgânicos. O sucesso no estabelecimento das mudas no campo depende de vários fatores tais como a qualidade do seu meio de crescimento. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho morfofisiológico de mudas de Trema micrantha (L.) Blume produzidas em biossólidos obtidos da vermicompostagem de lodo de esgoto-LE e capim napier triturado-NT. Então foram utilizados os substratos V1= 40% LE + 60% NT, V2= 50% LE + 50% NT; V3= 60% LE + 40% NT e V4 (substrato comercial), considerado tratamento controle. Após 120 dias da semeadura, foram avaliados os dados do crescimento em altura das mudas, de temperatura das folhas, condutância estomática (Gs) e fluorescência da clorofila-a. Um maior desempenho morfológico foi observado nas mudas produzidas nos biossólidos, sendo que, as alturas médias foram influenciadas pela composição dos biossólidos. As análises dos dados de Gs, dos parâmetros fenomenológicos da fluorescência da clorofila-a e das curvas do transiente OJIP permitiram detectar possível ocorrência de ligeiros danos reversíveis no fotossistema II, no caso das mudas produzidas com V2; essas mudanças não foram suficientes para levar o sistema a uma fotoinibição. 

Palavras-chave: biossólido, fluorescência da clorofila-a, condutância estomática.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS ACIDENTADOS E FATORES AMBIENTAIS QUE FAVORECEM ACIDENTES OFÍDICOS BOTRÓPICOS, NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS, BRASIL
Authors: Queirós Deize Carneiro , Nunes Antonio Italo dos Santos , Santos Gessi Carvalho de Araújo , Seibert Carla Simone
Published: March 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentados por serpentes botrópicas e os fatores ambientais que facilitam os encontros dos humanos com essas serpentes, que são popularmente conhecidas como jararacas. O perfil epidemiológico foi realizado para subsidiar o entendimento da dinâmica desse agravo no estado do Tocantins, com dados de 2007 a 2019, obtidos da plataforma TabWin-SINAN. Os dados para correlacionar os fatores ambientais com os acidentes foram obtidos a partir de dados disponíveis no site do IBGE e no INMET, para as cidades de maior notificação: Araguaína, Palmas e Porto Nacional. Nesse período foram registrados 7.906 acidentes botrópicos, constatou-se o predomínio do sexo masculino (76,7%), com idade entre 20-59 anos (62,0%). A maioria dos acidentes foram classificados como leve e moderado (89,6%), com óbito de 0,4% dos casos. As variáveis ambientais de temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e precipitação pluviométrica foram fatores determinantes para os acidentes, com correlações significativas, contudo, a correlação com o avanço agrícola não foi observada. Portanto, os acidentes botrópicos no estado do Tocantins atingem a faixa etária mais ativa da população, com predominância para o sexo masculino, sendo a pluviometria, temperatura do ar e umidade relativa do ar fatores importantes para o monitoramento desses acidentes.
Comrade Tito, it’s all your fault! Yugoslav Citizens’ Letters to Josip Broz Tito
Authors: Jović Dejan
Published: March 2021

Between 1945 and 1967, Josip Broz Tito, the Marshal and President of Yugoslavia, ‎received 411,769 letters written by citizens of his country. Until 1964 ‎he personally read most of the letters addressed to him and made decisions‎ on requests and comments expressed in them. In this article we argue that ‎Tito used the letters received to establish a direct link between himself and ‎citizens. This was one of the key instruments of his power, as he used letters ‎to conduct a permanent ‘anti-bureauratic revolution’ which would squeeze ‎lower-level officials into a sandwich between him and ‘the people’. We focus ‎on one particular letter, written by Dragomir Katić, a 27-year old unemployed ‎person from Kraljevo, Serbia. The letter arrived in February 1967, and Tito ‎used this occasion to personally meet Katić. Despite Tito’s promise, however, ‎Katić’s problem could not be solved for more than two years, due to a power‎ struggle between Tito and local officials in Serbia. This case sheds new light ‎on the nature of Tito’s alleged absolute power in Yugoslavia. It tells us much‎ about the attitude of dissatisfied individuals in Communist Yugoslavia, who ‎cared much more about solving their personal problems than about changing‎ the system, at least for as long as Tito was alive.‎
Measuring Ideology in the Croatian Context
Authors: Bovan Kosta , Petrović Valentino , Runje Leon
Published: March 2021

The goal of this paper is to examine the relationship between the unidimensional‎ left-right measure of ideology and more nuanced measures of major political‎ ideologies as well as to ascertain the validity of the left-right measure of‎ ideology as a conceptual tool for analysing ideological preferences within the‎ Croatian context. This was accomplished by deploying an online questionnaire‎ on a convenient, non-representative sample of students from the University of‎ Zagreb, Croatia. The students were recruited via various social media student‎ groups. The paper starts by theoretically exploring the six major ideologies‎ from which it develops a pool of items for measuring said ideologies. The data‎ acquired via the aforementioned questionnaires was then analysed with the‎ goal of assessing the best items to measure each ideology. The paper goes on‎ to assess the relationship between the respondents’ support of major ideologies‎ and their self-positioning on the left-right ideology scale. The acquired results‎ demonstrate that the respondents possess a general understanding of the ideological‎ left-to-right scale and are coherent in their preferences with the values‎ of their ideology of choice. They further demonstrate that the correlations between‎ the participants’ self-positioning on the left-right continuum and level‎ of support for particular ideologies follow the expected direction. Therefore,‎ while taking the limits of the deployed sample type into account, the paper reaffirms‎ the validity of the left-right measure of ideology as a conceptual tool‎ for analysing ideological preferences within the Croatian context.‎
Optimization of Pharmacotherapy Within the Framework of a Patient-oriented Approach in the Treatment of Hypertension in Multimorbidity Patients (Clinical Case and Literature Review)
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Alyautdinova I. A. , Litvinova S. N. , Arablinskij A. V. , Kirichenko A. A.
Published: March 2021

Arterial hypertension (AH) remains one of the main causes of disability and death worldwide, including in Russia. At the same time, the risks of coronary and cerebrovascular events increase in the presence of additional risk factors. The most common modifiable risk factors are metabolic disorders, including pre-diabetes, dyslipidemia, peripheral arterial atherosclerosis, and obesity, which also imposes certain features on the choice of optimal pharmacotherapy. Currently, the terminology of comorbid conditions continues to be discussed depending on their pathogenesis and the presence or absence of dominance of one disease over others, i.e. polymorbidity, comorbidity and multimorbidity. At the same time, “associative polymorbidity” is distinguished with a certain set of diseases that often occur in conjunction with each other with individual susceptibility of the body. One of the most common phenotypes of polymorbidity occurring in all age groups in both sexes is cardiometabolic, which is based on the formation of insulin resistance, sympathetic overactivity and chronic inflammation. This article provides a clinical example of the use of a fixed combination of angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan and calcium channel blocker amlodipine with the addition of an I1-imidazoline receptor agonist moxonidine in real clinical practice in a polymorbid cardiometabolic patient with target organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy and microalbuminuria). High antihypertensive (favorable effect on 24-hour blood pressure, especially in the early morning) and organoprotective effectiveness of this combination, its possibilities in correcting additional risk factors (reduced heart rate, body weight and a positive effect on metabolic parameters), due to a synergistic effect on the central pathogenetic mechanisms of hypertension and obesity – insulin resistance and sympathetic overactivity.
Additional Features in the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. From EMPA-REG OUTCOME Study to EMPEROR-REDUCED Study. Resolution of the On-line Scientific Meeting of Moscow Experts
Authors: Lebedeva A. Yu. , Koteshkova O. M. , Dzhioeva O. N. , Gilyarevsky S. R. , Uskach T. M. , Novikova M. S. , Orlova Ya. A. , Kalashnikov V. Yu. , Privalov D. V. , Ananicheva N. A. , Gilyarov M. Yu. , Erlikh A. D.
Published: March 2021

The results of the international multicenter study EMPEROR-REDUCED were reviewed the on-line scientific meeting of Moscow experts on October 30, 2020. Some proposals and recommendations for further study of the cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin and its use in clinical practice in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were accepted.
The Relationship of Modifiable Risk Factors with Indicators of Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Age in Patients with Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Tuktarov A. M. , Kazanceva T. S. , Filippov A. E. , Obrezan A. G.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the relationship of modifiable risk factors (RF) with indicators of arterial stiffness and vascular age based on the contour analysis of the pulse wave velocity in hypertensive patients.

Material and methods. The material of the study was the data from a survey of patients undergoing clinical observation at the polyclinic of MMC SOGAZ. A total of 107 patients were examined, in which 70 were men and 37 were women. The average age was 52.3±18.29. Photoplethysmography was used as a special research method, performed using the AngioScan-01 diagnostic complex. The main indicators used to evaluate the stiffness of large vessels were: stiffness index (SI), reflection index (RI), augmentation index (Alp75), age index (AGI), pulse wave types (PV) and vascular age (VA).

Results. The mean values of arterial stiffness indices in patients with essential arterial hypertension (AH) and healthy individuals (control) had significant differences. The mean SI, Alp75, and VA values in the group of patients with AH were 7.8±1.03, 7.0±14.44 and 50.8±15.93 versus 7.2±1.73, 0.5±18.02 and 43.8±16.94, respectively (p< 0.05). In both groups, a strong inverse correlation of passport age with C-type PV was revealed (r=0.74, p< 0.01), which reflected the dynamics of a gradual age-dependent decrease in vascular compliance. The average VA value in the control group was 63.1±16.99 years with an average passport age of 59.5±8.79 years, which significantly differed from VA in hypertensive patients (p< 0,05). Overweight, hypercholesterolemia, elevated low-density lipoprotein levels, lack of adequate antihypertensive control, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were significantly associated with early vascular (arterial) aging.

Conclusion. Patients with hypertension, in addition to high blood pressure, significantly differ from normotensive control in terms of arterial stiffness. The lack of control over modifiable RF of patients with hypertension is associated with early vascular aging.
Understanding Health Economics in Spine Surgery
Authors: Patel Shyam A. , McDonald Christopher L. , Li Neill Y. , Babu Jacob M. , Daniels Alan H. , Rihn Jeffrey A.
Published: March 2021

» The United States has faced substantial increases in health-care expenditure, with specifically large increases in spine surgery costs.

» Many different formulas are utilized to determine value in spine surgery, including cost- benefit analyses, cost-effectiveness analyses, and cost-utility analyses, with the overall determination of value being quality/cost.

» Quality often is calculated indirectly using either process measures or outcome measures and represents the potential benefit of a given intervention, usually over a specific time period to yield quality-adjusted life years.

» Costs are particularly difficult to calculate given the interhospital, regional, national, and global variability, as well as indirect costs of an intervention, and many different methods are utilized to estimate costs.

» Spine surgeons should be familiar with the elements that compose cost-effectiveness and their potential shortcomings in order for providers and health-care policy makers to identify the highest-quality studies and interventions that provide the greatest benefit to patients.
Entrepreneurship Education in Pesantren: Strategies to Drive Students' Interest in Entrepreneurship
Authors: Warsah Idi
Published: March 2021

Today, educational competitiveness is getting tougher. Viewing this condition, Pesantren strives to explore students' potential in entrepreneurship because the educational world must capably play an active role in preparing educated and ready-to-work human resources. This study sought to find a depiction of entrepreneurship education in Pesantren Darussalam of Kepahiang by applying a descriptive qualitative approach. This study revealed that first, students were fully directed and guided through courses based on their talents and interests, and they were taught to get working experiences directly. Second, the supporting factors encompassed full supports and appreciation from Pesantren Darussalam, available facilities for entrepreneurship, and full societal supports. Subsequently, the inhibiting factors included inadequate external organizations that could broadly cover students to participate in entrepreneurial activities in a more prolonged way, and some students still had less enthusiasm to benefit from Kiai and teachers' support.Saat ini persaingan dalam dunia pendidikan semakin ketat. Mencermati kondisi tersebut, pihak Pondok Pesantren berusaha menggali potensi para santri di bidang kewirausahaan, karena dunia pendidikan harus mampu berperan aktif menyiapkan sumber daya manusia terdidik dan siap kerja. Menyikapi hal tersebut, dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini berusaha menemukan gambaran tentang pendidikan kewirausahaan di Pesantren Darussalam yang terletak di Kabupaten Kepahiang, Provinsi Bengkulu, Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa: Pertama, para santri diarahkan dan dibimbing dengan penuh tanggung jawab melalui penyediaan tempat kursus sesuai dengan bakat dan minatnya serta mereka diajarkan untuk terlibat dalam praktik kerja secara langsung. Kedua, factor pendukungnya yaitu: dukungan dan apresiasi penuh dari Pembina Pondok Pesantren Darussalam; tersedianya beberapa fasilitas-fasilitas pendukung yang berhubungan dengan kewirausahaan; dan dukungan penuh dari masyarakat sekitar. Faktor penghambatnya yaitu: keberadaan organisasi dari pihak luar yang mewadahi santri dalam melaksanakan kegiatan kewirausahaan belum mencukupi dan sebagian santri masih belum memiliki antusias tinggi untuk memanfaatkan dukungan yang sudah diberikan oleh Kiai dan para ustadz and ustadzah.
Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Iran: Demographic, Endoscopic and Pathological Factors
Authors: Hojati Seyedeh Amineh , Kokabpeyk Sara , Yaghoubi Salma , Joukar Farahnaz , Asgharnezhad Mehrnaz , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
Published: March 2021

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important risk factor for Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer. But other factors except H. pylori play roles in its pathogenesis. In current study we compare the clinical manifestation and endoscopic and histopathology findings in patients with and without H. pylori infection.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 233 of patients with dyspepsia who referred for endoscopy were studied about presence of H. pylori infection. During endoscopy 5 biopsies were taken from each individual. The criteria for presence of H. pylori infection was the presence and recognition of bacteria in pathologic specimen which was done for all patient. These two groups of patient were compared with their demographic, background, endoscopic and pathologic findings. Results: From 233 cases, 154 (66.1%) cases were non-smoker, 201 (86.3%) cases were not alcohol user, 153 (65.7%) cases used tap water and the most common symptom was reported in 157 individual (67.4%) was epigastria pain. There was a significant relation between the number of family member, marital status and presence of H. pylori infection. Also there is a significant relation between endoscopic findings and pathologic findings in patients with H. pylori.Conclusions: the results of current studt demonstrated that H. pylori infection was not associated with sex, alcohol and NSAID drugs. According to the role of H. pylori in pathophysiology of peptic ulcer was clarified, also in this study there were a significant difference in endoscopic and pathological findings H. pylori.
Configuration Models as an Urn Problem: The Generalized Hypergeometric Ensemble of Random Graphs
Authors: Casiraghi Giona , Nanumyan Vahan
Published: March 2021

A fundamental issue of network data science is the ability to discern observed features that can be expected at random from those beyond such expectations. Configuration models play a crucial role there, allowing us to compare observations against degree-corrected null-models. Nonetheless, existing formulations have limited large-scale data analysis applications either because they require expensive Monte-Carlo simulations or lack the required flexibility to model real-world systems. With the generalized hypergeometric ensemble, we address both problems. To achieve this, we map the configuration model to an urn problem, where edges are represented as balls in an appropriately constructed urn. Doing so, we obtain a random graph model reproducing and extending the properties of standard configuration models, with the critical advantage of a closed-form probability distribution.
A Combined Experimental and Tddft-dft Investigation of Structural and Optical Properties of Novel Pyrazole-1, 2, 3-triazole Hybrids as Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Azab Islam H. El , Ibrahim A. , El-Moneim M. Abdel , Zoromba M. Sh. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed Helmy , Bassyouni M. , Al-Hossainy A. F.
Published: March 2021

A conjugated semiconductor thin film of 1-((3-(3-(3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl)-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole [4ph-TAzole]TF was synthesized. The characterization of the obtained [4ph-TAzole]TF powder is carried out using different techniques includes FTIR, UV-Vis, 1HNMR, XRD, and mass spectra. The fabricated [4ph-TAzole]TF thin film with a thickness of 150 ± 3 nm is manufactured by physical vapor deposition technique (PVD) at a low deposition rate with basic pressure of the chamber was 5×10− 5 mbar. Using DFT-TDDFT simulation, the structure measurements can determine the energy gap and optical properties. The obtained DFT-TDDFT data provide good proof for the electronic transition in zero-dimensional [4ph-TAzole]TF as a single crystal molecule. This study provides valuable information on the nature and sources of defect formation and electronic transition in conductor organic derivate of triazole which open the way for the application as an optoelectronic device. Application Davis’s and Shilliday’s equation on [4ph-TAzole]TF mentioned that the \({\text{E}}_{\text{g}}^{\text{D}\text{i}\text{r}}\)and \({\text{E}}_{\text{g}}^{\text{I}\text{n}\text{d}}\)transitions can be computed by plotting \(({{\alpha }\text{h}{\nu })}^{2}\) and \(({{\alpha }\text{h}{\nu })}^{0.5}\) versus \(\text{h}{\nu }\) nearby the value of fundamental band edge (\(({{\alpha }\text{h}{\nu })}^{2}\) and \(({{\alpha }\text{h}{\nu })}^{0.5}\) parts) in the computed Abs. (λ) curves to zero absorption value, respectively. The direct and indirect energies were 2.651eV and 3.01 eV for [4ph-TAzole]TF, respectively. The obtained thin film presents a promising result to be a good candidate for organic derivate of triazole solar cell applications.
Isolation, Identification and Utilization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Silage in a Warm and Humid Climate Area
Authors: Peng chao , Sun Wentao , Dong Xiang , Zhao Lili , Hao Jun
Published: March 2021

The study aimed to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from silages and their application to improve the fermentation quality of alfalfa. Forty-nine LAB strains were isolated from silages, and two strains were screened for growth and acid production rates. Then two strains were selected for Physiological and morphological tests and 16S rRNA sequencing. They were Gram-positive and catalase-negative and were able to grow at pH 3.5 and at 45°C, were unable to grow different NaCl concentrations 3, 6.5%. Strain BDy3-10 was identified as Lactobacillus rhamnosus, while TSy1-3 was identified as L. buchneri. The selected strains were evaluated on fermentation of alfalfa silage. The highest CP content occurred in the BDy3-10 treatment group. The contents of NDF and ADF in the TSy1-3 treatment were significantly lower than other treatment (P < 0.05). Compared to the control treatment, inoculation treatments deceased pH during ensiling (P < 0.001) and provided the most increased LA content after ensiling for 10 days (P < 0.001). The AA contents of all the inoculation groups were significantly increased (P < 0.001) during ensiling, and were lower than that of control group (P < 0.001). So, the TSy1-3 treatment most effectively improved the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage in warm and humid climate area.
The Weathering Well App, A New Low Intensity Digital Mental Health Intervention for Australian Farmers: Formative Research
Authors: Raphiphatthana Buaphrao , Sweet Michelle , Dingwall Kylie , MacDonald Alistair , Nagel Tricia
Published: March 2021

Background

Australian farming communities demonstrate significant resilience in the face of many challenges, including drought, bushfires, and more recently COVID-19. Nevertheless, worries related to financial hardship, farm viability and productivity, and remoteness render the population vulnerable to mental health problems. Despite this vulnerability, people in these communities are unlikely to seek help from mental health services due to attitudes, service access and geographic barriers. A tailored, low intensity digital mental health intervention may provide an acceptable and appropriate early wellbeing intervention for the population and help bridge the mental health service gap.
Objectives

This study has three objectives: 1) to adapt an existing tablet-based, therapist-guided, low intensity digital mental health intervention to address the wellbeing needs of Australian farming communities (development of the Weathering Well app), 2) to adapt, deliver, and evaluate training in utilisation of the new app, and 3) to conduct preliminary analyses on app usage data during the 12-months post-app release.
Methods

An Expert Advisory Group, comprising graziers, growers, rural financial counsellors, rural and remote mental health clinicians, Information Technology (IT) experts, Western Queensland Primary Health Networks representatives, Peak Body representatives (New South Wales rice growers), and drought impacted Shire Council representatives, was established. A three-day co-design workshop facilitated by the research team followed by a series of member-checking and user-testing rounds led to release of the new app. Pre-existing training resources were adapted, and the revised training workshops were delivered to service providers working with remote and rural farming communities. Pre- and post-training evaluations and app usage data were analysed.
Results

The final Weathering Well app received approval for public release by all stakeholders in September 2019. Following training, participant scores suggested that the app was accessible, appropriate, and effective with increased perceived knowledge and confidence in app use post-training. Analysis of app usage data indicated good app engagement, providing additional preliminary evidence for feasibility and acceptability. Trainees indicated reservations in terms of successful implementation most notably the need for organizational support for use.
Conclusions

This study provides an example of an intervention tailored to context through collaborative co-design. The preliminary findings suggest high levels of acceptability, providing a good foundation for implementation, further app revision and exploration of effectiveness and sustainability.
Target Accumulation of Selective Anticancer Depsipeptides by Reconstructing Precursor Supply in Neoantimycins Biosynthetic Pathway
Authors: Zhou Lin , Shen Yaoyao , Chen Nannan , Li Wanlu , Lin Hou-wen , Zhou Yongjun
Published: March 2021

BackgroundNeoantimycins are a group of 15-membered ring depsipeptides isolated from streptomycetes with a broad-spectrum of anticancer activities. Their biosynthesis is directed by the hybrid multimodular megaenzymes of non-ribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase. We have previously discovered a new neoantimycin analogue unantimycin B, which was demonstrated with selective anticancer activities and was produced from neoantimycins biosynthetic pathway with a starter unit of 3-hydroxybenzoate, instead of the 3-formamidosalicylate for neoantimycins. However, the low fermentation yield and tough isolation procedure have been hindering in-depth pharmacology investigation of unantimycin B as anticancer agents.ResultsIn the work, we genetically constructed two unantimycin B producer strains with neoantimycins production destroyed by removing natO and natJ-L genes essential for 3-formamidosalicylate biosynthesis and therefore facilitated chromatographic separation of unantimycin B from the complex fermentation extract. Based on the △natO mutant, we improved unantimycin Bproduction by two times, reaching to approximate 12.8 mg/L, by feeding 3-hydroxybenzoate in fermentation. Further, the production was improved by more than six times, reaching to approximate 40.0 mg/L, in the △natO strain introduced with a chorismatase gene highly expressed under a strong promoter for over-producing 3-hydroxybenzoate endogenously.ConclusionThe work gives a case of targeting accumulation and significant production improvement of medicinally interesting natural products via genetically manipulation of precursor biosynthesis in streptomycetes, the talented producers of pharmaceutical molecules.
Extraction and Composition of Dissolved Organic Matter in Poyang Lake and Its Effects on Morphological Changes of Heavy Metals
Authors: Li Yuanhang , Sheng Zhaoying , Gong Xiaofeng , Zeng Huiqing , Chen Chunli , Zhang Ru
Published: March 2021

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is generally thought to impact the bioavailability of heavy metals. However, the source of wetland DOM and its interaction with heavy metals remain poorly understood. Fluorescence excitation emission matrices (EEMs)-fluorescence regional integration (FRI) coupling techniques and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) was used to explore the source of DOM of Poyang Lake including water body, soil and plants, and the effects on morphological changes of heavy metals. The results showed that the best DOM extraction effect can be obtained with the soil-water mass ratio 1:10, centrifuged at 4 000 rpm for 30 min, and the 0.45 μm glass fiber filter by orthogonal test. There were four types of peaks of DOM in water body of Poyang Lake, which was input mainly by land source, while six types of peaks (ACTDBE) were observed in soil. Soil DOM is highly humified with large molecular weight. More types of fluorescent peaks were observed in plant and the content of DOM in plants was higher than that of water body and soil due to the plant proteins. The content of fulvic acid was less than tryptophan in DOM of Triarrhena lutarioriparia and Phragmites communis in Longkou, while the opposite were in other samples. Furthermore, pot experiment illustrated that DOM had an activation effect on Cd, Cu and Zn and a passivation effect on Cr and Pb with the increase of DOM content. After the addition of exogenous DOM, Cr, Pb and Zn were immobilized by the function together with DOM and plants, while Cd and Cu were activated.
Enhanced Nitrogen Removal of Wastewater at Low Temperature by Iterative Screening of Cold-Tolerant Denitrifying Bacteria
Authors: Qu Jin , zheng Zhanwang , Zhao Ruojin , Chen Yinyan , Li Yiyi , Jin Peng
Published: March 2021

The biological denitrification for wastewater treatment in winter is often seriously compromised due to the effects of low-temperature (<13 °C) on metabolic activity of microorganism. In this study, an excellent cold-tolerant denitrifying bacterium, Moraxella osloensis LT-01 was isolated by iterative domestication. The strain LT-01 retained about 60% maximal growth activity at 10 °C. Under initial concentrations of 100 mg/L, average ammonium, nitrate and nitrite removal efficiencies for domestic wastewater (C/N 4:1) at 10 °C were 70.35%, 65.39% and 61.74% in 24 h, respectively. Nitrogen balance analysis showed that about 46% of TN was directed toward in the dissimilation form of gas, and 16% of TN was assimilated for cell growth. Key genes hydroxylamine reductase gene (HAO) and nitrite reductase (NirS) involved in nitrification and denitrification processes were identified by gene-specific PCR, indicating that strain LT-01 perform nitrogen removal efficiently via unique simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. These results suggest the bacterium LT-01 has great potential as an effective performer for treating domestic wastewater in winter.
Inserting a Drainage Strip into the Pre-tracheal Space to Treat Tension Pneumomediastinum: A Case-control Study
Authors: Liu Qianli , Wu Song , Hong Chun , Li Xiaohui
Published: March 2021

Background: A Severe tension pneumomediastinum can result in respiratory and circulatory dysfunction. Common etiologies include severe pneumonia such as COVID-19 pneumonia, asthma, excessive pressure from a ventilator, etc. we describe a method for draining tension pneumomediastinum by inserting a drainage strip into the pre-tracheal space.Methods:Design: Case-control.Setting: Data from a medical institution in southern China.Participants: 30 patients with tension pneumomediastinum and comorbid type II respiratory failure.Interventions: 15 patients (surgery group) were treated with a drainage strip being inserted into the pre-tracheal space while other 15 patients (control group) were treated without drainage.Outcome measures: Arterial blood pO2 and pCO2 after 30 minutes and 12 hours of mechanical ventilation, total duration of mechanical ventilation, and chest radiography results after 12 hours of mechanical ventilation.Results: Chest radiography after 12 hours of mechanical ventilation showed that the pneumomediastinum basically disappeared in the surgery group but did not decrease significantly in the control group. The arterial blood pCO2 after 12 hours of mechanical ventilation and total duration of mechanical ventilation were significantly lower in the surgery group than in the control group (95% CI -3.31 to -1.36, p<0.001; 95% CI -5.56 to -2.84, p<0.001), while the arterial blood pO2 after 12 hours of mechanical ventilation was significantly higher in the surgery group than in the control group (95% CI 1.76 to 7.57, p=0.004). There were no significant intergroup differences in other variables. No recurrence occurred in either group during 7–14 days after discharge, and all patients recovered.Conclusions: Our method for draining tension pneumomediastinum improved respiratory function and shortened mechanical ventilation duration.Trial registration: ChiCTR2000039496Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code, and dataset available from the FigShare repository, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13487295.
Machine Learning Based Luminance Analysis of a µLED Array
Authors: Becker Steven
Published: March 2021

In the past years, the development of µLED arrays gained momentum since they combine the advantages of LEDs, such as high brightness and longevity, with the high resolution of a micro-scaled structure. For their development, spatially resolved measurement of luminance and color of single µLEDs and the entire light-emitting surface are usually analyzed as they quantify the visual perception. However, studying individual µLEDs is time-consuming to measure and evaluate, while examining the entire light-emitting area suffers from interference from non-functioning µLEDs. This paper presents a method to perform both analyzes with a single measurement employing unsupervised machine learning. The results suggest that a precise reconstruction of the µLEDs and a more accurate characterization µLED arrays is achieved.
Reversible Electroporation Study of Realistic Normal and Cancerous Cervical Cells Model Using Avalanche Transistor Based Nanopulse Generator
Authors: Kumar Mayank , Mishra Ashutosh
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we study the reversible electroporation process on the normal and cancerous cervical cell.The 2D contour of the cervical cells is extracted using image processing techniques from the Pap smear image. The conductivity change in the cancer cell model has been used to differentiate the effects of the high-frequency electric field on normal and cancerous cells. The cells modulate themselves when this high-frequency pulse is applied based on the Debye relaxation relation. In order to computationally visualize the effects of the electroporation on the cell membrane Smoluchowski equation calculates the number of pores generated and Maxwell equations are used to determine the Transmembrane potential generated on the membrane of the cervical cell. The results produced demonstrates that this mathematical model perfectly describes the numerical tool to study the normal cells and cancerous cells under the electric field. The electric field is provided with the help of a realistic pulse generator which is designed on the principle of Marx circuit and avalanche transistor-based operations to produce a Gaussian pulse. The paper here use strength duration curve to differentiate the electric field and time in nanoseconds required to electroporate normal and cancerous cells.
Risk factors of pulmonary complications after spine surgery and a risk assessment table was established: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang HuaXing , Jia Jingde , Chen Jia , Wang Suxing , Du Mengying , Hu Yongbo , Li Wenyi
Published: March 2021

Purpose

To determine the risk factors for pulmonary complications after spine surgery and establish a risk assessment table.
Methods

A total of 627 patients, who underwent spine surgery at Hebei General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019, were retrospectively collected and studied. Univariate analysis revealed significant variables. Risk factors and the effects of the model were determined by unconditional binary logistic regression analyses and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, respectively. A risk assessment scale for patients after spine surgery was also established based on the risk factors.
Results

49 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary complications (49/627, 7.81 %). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, diabetes, type of spinal diseases, type of operation, surgical site, American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) scores, type of anesthesia and total length of stay (LOS) were risk factors of pulmonary complications after spine surgery (P < 0.05) and area under the curve was 0.883, 95 % confidence intervals (CI): 0.843–0.923. The risk assessment table included preoperative and postoperative evaluation indicators. There were 8 preoperative evaluation indicators including age, BMI, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary diseases, type of spinal diseases, surgical site. Preoperative hospitalization days, ASA scores, type of anesthesia, type of operation and duration of operation were five postoperative evaluation indicators. The highest assessment score of preoperative is 21, postoperative is 18, and the total is 39 points of all these indicators.
Conclusions

Significant risk factors of pulmonary complications were age, BMI, smoking, diabetes, type of spinal diseases, type of operation, surgical site, ASA scores, type of anesthesia and total LOS after spine surgery. There were 13 evaluation indicators in our established risk assessment table including preoperative and postoperative evaluation indicators. The higher the score, the higher the risk of pulmonary complications after spine surgery.
The Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Capacities of Phenolic Profiles of Some Salvia L. Seeds Grown in Turkey
Authors: EMRE İrfan , KURŞAT Murat , KIRBAG Sevda , ERECEVİT SÖNMEZ Pınar , EMRE Mustafa Yunus , YILMAZ Prof. Dr.  Ökkeş , CİVELEK Şemsettin
Published: March 2021

The aim of current study is to show phenolics, antioxidant capacities and antimicrobial activities of seeds of five Salvia L. (S. frigida Boiss., S. candidissima subsp. candidissima Vahl., S. virgata Jacq., S. verticillata L. var. verticillata and S. russellii Benth.) taxa grown in Turkey. The flavonoid and phenolic acid contents were measured by using HPLC whilst the antioxidant capacities were determined by using different methods. In addition, agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activities of Salvia species in this study. It was found that S. frigida, S. verticillata var. verticillata and S. russellii have the highest catechin contents and S. frigida and S. verticillata var. verticillata have high rosmarinic acid while S. frigida, S. candidissima subsp. candidissima and S. verticillata var. verticillata have high vanilic acid. Also, it was determined that S. frigida and S. verticillata var. verticillata have high DPPH radical scavenging activities in 150 and 250 µL while S. frigida and S. verticillata var. verticillata have highest ABTS radical scavenging activity in all concentrations apart from 25 µL for S. frigida. Furthermore, S. frigida and S. verticillata var. verticillata have high total phenolic contents. On the other hand, Salvia species have similar lipid peroxidation inhibitions. However, the metal chelating activities of Salvia species are different. And also, it was demonstrated that Salvia taxa have antimicrobial activity.
Multicriterion decision making in groundwater planning
Authors: Gaur Shishir , Srinivasa Raju K. , Nagesh Kumar D. , Bajpai Mayank
Published: March 2021

The groundwater planning problems are often multiobjective. Due to conflicting objectives and non-linearity of the variables involved, several feasible solutions may have to be evolved rather than single optimal solution. In this study, the simulation model built on an Analytic Element Method (AEM) and the optimization model built on a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) were coupled and applied to study a part of the Dore river catchment, France. The maximization of discharge, the minimization of pumping cost and the minimization of piping cost are the three objectives considered. 2105 non-dominated groundwater planning strategies were generated. K-Means cluster analysis was employed to classify the strategies, and clustering was performed for 3 to 25 clusters. A cluster validation technique, namely Davies–Bouldin (DB) index, was employed to find the optimal number of clusters of groundwater strategies which were found to be 20. Multicriterion Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques, namely VIKOR and TOPSIS, were developed to rank the 20 representative strategies. Both these decision-making techniques preferred representative strategy A5 (piping cost, pumping cost and discharge respectively of 880,000 Euro, 679,000 Euro and 1,263.1 m3/s). The sensitivity analysis of parameter v in VIKOR suggested that there were changes in ranking pattern for various values of v. However, the first position remained unchanged.
Numerical simulation and experimental research of cavitation nozzle based on equation curve
Authors: Wang Lifu , Shi Dongyan , Yang Zhixun , Li Guangliang , Ma Chunlong , He Dongze , Yan Liang
Published: March 2021

To further investigate and improve the cleaning ability of the cavitation nozzle, this paper proposes a new model that is based on the Helmholtz nozzle and with the quadratic equation curve as the outer contour of the cavitation chamber. First, the numerical simulation of the flow field in the nozzle chamber was conducted using FLUENT software to analyze and compare the impact of the curve parameters and Reynolds number on the cleaning effect. Next, the flow field was captured by a high-speed camera in order to study the cavitation cycle and evolution process. Then, experiments were performed to compare the cleaning effect of the new nozzle with that of the Helmholtz nozzle. The study results demonstrate that effective cavitation does not occur when the diameter of the cavitation chamber is too large. For the new nozzle, with the increase of the Reynolds number, the degree of cavitation in the chamber first increases and then decreases; the cleaning effect is much better than that of a traditional Helmholtz nozzle under the same conditions; the nozzle has the best cleaning effect for the stand-off distance of 300 mm.
Contrasting fish biomarker responses between streams with different environmental conditions
Authors: Cotrim Carlos Filipe Camilo , Reis Max Miller Bicudo dos , Teresa Fabrício Barreto , Ondei Luciana De Souza
Published: March 2021

Streams are environments susceptible to anthropic impacts that harm aquatic organisms by affecting their homeostasis. This study aimed to determine variations in the response of biochemical and genetic biomarkers of fish under the influence of anthropogenic impacts. For this, individuals of the tetra fish Astyanax lacustris were exposed in an impacted stream and one of its non-impacted tributaries (reference) during the dry and rainy seasons. For biochemical analyzes, we evaluated the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation in tissue samples of gills and liver.  For the genotoxicity test, we evaluated micronuclei and nuclear anomalies in blood samples. The antioxidant enzymes showed seasonal variation, regardless of the stream; lipid peroxidation didn’t differ between seasons or between streams. The frequency of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities were more frequent in the impacted stream during the rainy season, probably in response to the leaching of toxic compounds that tends to be increased in that season. These results support the use of nuclear biomarkers in biomonitoring programs.