bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovering intercultural relations in the digital age with school students. A few Polish-Italian cases
Authors: Sliwinska Maria
Published: August 2021

This article briefly presents how the implementation of ICT in cultural institutions has improved education and research. The article emphasizes discovering the activity of Italian artists in Poland, thanks to digitization, which was carried out with particular intensity in the last two decades. Digitization has become a great achievement thanks to the funding of numerous international projects by the European Commission. Special recognition in this action should be given to Rossella Caffo and her team, under whose guidance the plan for the coordination of digitization in Europe and numerous detailed projects were created. In addition to the millions of digitized objects sent to Europeana, the project teams also developed several programs. One of them, MOVIO, software for virtual exhibitions, began to be used in projects with Polish schools. One of the virtual exhibitions was devoted to Elwiro Michał Andriolli, an outstanding artist of Italian origin. The exhibition was prepared on the basis of digitized materials available on Polish websites and in Europeana, where we also found unique French and Lithuanian materials. Unfortunately, no Italian objects were found there. We plan to continue searching for the achievements of Italian artists in Poland, in the CrowdSchool project (Creative Learning at School thanks to a collaborative Crowdsourcing Annotation Process), whose aim is to prepare didactic materials useful in distance learning and intercultural connections. Close cooperation is planned here between a Polish secondary school from Jarosław, interested in architecture, and a Liceo Artistico from Bologna.
Performance Analysis of path tracking using Multi-Dimensional Kalman Filter based on state estimations
Authors: Babu Praveenkumar , Parthasarathy Eswaran
Published: August 2021

In the presence of uncertainty, one of the most
difficult issues for tracking in control systems is to estimate
the accuracy and precision of hidden variables. Kalman filter
is considered as the widely adapted estimation algorithm for
tracking applications. However, tracking of multiple objects is
still a challenging task to achieve better results for prediction and
correction. To solve this problem, a multi-dimensional Kalman
filter is proposed using state estimations for tracking multiple
objects. This paper also presents the performance analysis of
proposed tracking model for linear measurements. The steady?state and covariance equations are derived and their co-efficients
are updated. The multi-dimensional Kalman filter is evaluated
mathematically for linear dynamic systems. The path tracking
based on Kalman filter and multi-dimensional Kalman filter is
also analyzed. The true and filtered responses of our proposed
filtering algorithm for multiple object tracking are observed.
The output covariance produces steady state values after four
number of samples. The simulation results shows that the
performance of our proposed filtering algorithm is 2x times
effective than conventional Kalman filter for objects moving in
linear motion and proves that proposed filter is suitable for real?time implementation.
Quantum Computing - from NISQ to PISQ
Authors: Bertels Koen
Published: August 2021

Given the impeding timeline of developing good quality quantum processing units, it is the moment to rethink the approach to advance quantum computing research.
Rather than waiting for quantum hardware technologies to mature, we need to start assessing in tandem the impact of the occurrence of quantum computing in various scientific fields.
However, to this purpose, we need to use a complementary but quite different approach than proposed by the NISQ vision, which is heavily focused on and burdened by the engineering challenges.
That is why we propose and advocate the PISQ-approach: Perfect Intermediate-Scale Quantum computing based on the already known concept of perfect qubits.
This will allow researchers to focus much more on the development of new applications by defining the algorithms in terms of perfect qubits and evaluate them on quantum computing simulators that are executed on supercomputers.
It is not the long-term solution but will currently allow universities to research on quantum logic and algorithms and companies can already start developing their internal know-how on quantum solutions.
First Report on Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) Polymorphism and Constitutive Heterochromatin of Moonlight Gourami, Trichopodus microlepis (Perciformes, Osphronemidae)
Authors: Supiwong Weerayuth
Published: August 2021

Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) polymorphism, constitutive heterochromatin and chromosomal analysis of Moonlight gourami, Trichopodus microlepis in Thailand were firstly reported. Specimens were collected from the Chao Phraya and Mekong Basins, Thailand. The mitotic chromosomes were directly prepared from kidney tissues of ten males and ten females. Conventional staining, Ag-NOR banding and C- banding techniques were applied to stain the chromosomes. The results shown that the diploid chromosome number of T. microlepis was 2n=46 and the fundamental number (NF) was 46 in both males and females. The karyotype consisted of 46 telocentric chromosomes classifying as 14 large and 32 medium. No heteromorphic sex chromosome was observed in T. microlepis. The results also exhibited that the interstitial nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) were clearly observed at the long arm of the chromosome pair 7. This is the first report on NORs polymorphism in T. microlepis that a heteromorphic NOR type in one female had a single NOR-bearing chromosome of the chromosome pair 7, whereas 10 males and nine females had two NOR-bearing chromosomes of the chromosome pair 7 with a homomorphic NOR type. Constitutive heterochromatins located at all centromeres of all chromosome pairs. The karyotype formula of T. microlepis is 2n (46) = Lt14 + Mt32.
Vitamin D: association with eosinophil counts and IgE levels in children with asthma
Authors: Castro Gomes de Amorim1,2 Claudio Luiz , de Oliveira2,3 Joice Mara , Rodrigues2,4 Antenor , Couto Furlanetto2,3 Karina , Pitta1,2 Fabio
Published: August 2021

In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the relationship that levels of vitamin D had with eosinophil counts and IgE levels in 26 children with asthma (6-12 years of age) in the city of Londrina, Brazil. Vitamin D levels were found to correlate significantly, albeit moderately, with age (r = −0.51) and eosinophilia (r = −0.49), although not with IgE levels (r = −0.12). When we stratified the sample into two groups by the median vitamin D level (< or ≥ 24 ng/mL), we found that those in the < 24 ng/mL group were older, had higher eosinophil counts, and had higher IgE levels. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show an association between low levels of vitamin D and more pronounced eosinophilia in children with asthma in Brazil.
Pulmonology approach in the investigation of chronic unexplained dyspnea
Authors: Cortozi Berton1,2 Danilo , Branco Schweitzer Mendes1,2 Nathalia , Olivo-Neto1,2 Pedro , Gorski Benedetto1,2,3 Igor , Basso Gazzana1,2,3 Marcelo
Published: August 2021

Chronic unexplained dyspnea and exercise intolerance represent common, distressing symptoms in outpatients. Clinical history taking and physical examination are the mainstays for diagnostic evaluation. However, the cause of dyspnea may remain elusive even after comprehensive diagnostic evaluation-basic laboratory analyses; chest imaging; pulmonary function testing; and cardiac testing. At that point (and frequently before), patients are usually referred to a pulmonologist, who is expected to be the main physician to solve this conundrum. In this context, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), to assess physiological and sensory responses from rest to peak exercise, provides a unique opportunity to unmask the mechanisms of the underlying dyspnea and their interactions with a broad spectrum of disorders. However, CPET is underused in clinical practice, possibly due to operational issues (equipment costs, limited availability, and poor remuneration) and limited medical education regarding the method. To counter the latter shortcoming, we aspire to provide a pragmatic strategy for interpreting CPET results. Clustering findings of exercise response allows the characterization of patterns that permit the clinician to narrow the list of possible diagnoses rather than pinpointing a specific etiology. We present a proposal for a diagnostic workup and some illustrative cases assessed by CPET. Given that airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary vascular disorders, which are within the purview of pulmonology, are common causes of chronic unexplained dyspnea, we also aim to describe the role of bronchial challenge tests and the diagnostic reasoning for investigating the pulmonary circulation in this context.
Early Prediction of Fire Accident in Petroleum Industries by Statistical Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Mugunthan S R
Published: August 2021

Due to unpredictability of climatic conditions across the world, early fire forecasting has become more challenging and critical for many oil and gas sectors. It is extremely hard for anyone to predict fires with any degree of certainty, especially in the gas or oil sectors. Until now, the models in use have not been adequate. However, this is critical in order to maintain workers and property safe. As a result, this research work investigates the different approaches available for fire hazard assessment and prediction in order to deal with fire dangers. Also, this research work presents the statistical machine learning methods to detect fire accidents in petroleum industries based on risk index models and risk assessment parameters by performing a statistical process. Moreover, this research work develops a statistical machine learning method to enhance the accuracy in predicting the fire occurrence. Finally, the proposed algorithm is measured by utilizing the performance metrics such as accuracy, proposed risk index, and sensitivity.
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG MARRIED COUPLES: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Amuta Arumugam  , Dr.Ganesan Shanmugavelu  , Dr.Balakrishnan Parasuraman  , Dr.Khairi Ariffin  , Dr.M.Nadarajan Manickam  , Manimaran Vadivelu  , Kanaisan Kanapathy
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to analyse the effective communication skills among married couples for building and maintaining strong couple relationships. The results of the study have an important implication for couple communication includes theory and lays the foundation in their relationship toolbox. Most theoretical, explaining the degree of ambiguity in the models governing couples’ expectations for and self-disclosure performance responsibilities affects the behaviour change. These factors appear to have dominated the development of theory to facilitate efficient tasks, minimize bids for influence, enable partners to feel effective and respected. While the process of adjustment and adaptation entail continued negotiation of responsibilities, repeated demands, directives, and tension within the couple. Couple therapy reflects the outcome of reduced relationship distress and communication skills that affect individual psychopathology, such as depression and the shortcomings of psychological interventions for preventing marital distress. These efforts may lead to successful adjustment to prevent marital distress that produces short-term changes in behaviour and relationship satisfaction, but little evidence exists demonstrating a long-term prevention effect. The value of studying couple’s communication pattern by using principles from psychology, concern about the negative impact of marital conflict and strengthened in response to the demands imposed more comprehensive outcome measured. Therefore, conceptualizing and measuring quality rooted an important theory and interventions that prioritize couple communication skills as the key predictor of relationship satisfaction, while raising new questions about other factors that might predict strengthen or moderate their association. As results, these findings shows a supporting understanding about what interaction and transactional processes take place in couples that the interpersonal communications skills between couples can predict satisfaction of their marital life.
KEYWORDS: Communication Skills, Couples, Relationships, Marital Therapy, Character
Musykilāt Tadrīs Mahārah al-Kalām fī Maʻhad Dār aṭ-Ṭālibīn al-Qādiri 2 Gumukmas Jember
Authors: Nafsah Nor Holis Bin , Manan Ahmad Mizan Rosyadi Abdul Jalil
Published: August 2021

Learning Arabic that is applied to the Darut Tholibin Al-Qodiri 2 Gumukmas Islamic Boarding School in Jember has left problems, especially in the field of mahārah kalām. Mahārah kalām is a skill that requires students to be active in communicating verbally using Arabic. This article aimed to describe the problems of learning Arabic in the field of mahārah kalām to students of Darut Tholibin Al-Qodiri 2 Islamic Boarding School Gumukmas Jember. Researchers used qualitative methods to discuss the problems of learning Arabic in mahārah kalām. The data showed that there are two types of problems faced by students of the Darut Tholibin Al-Qodiri 2 Gumukmas Islamic Boarding School in Jember; linguistic problems and non-linguistic problems. Linguistic problems related to the system of morphology, syntax, and semantics. Meanwhile, non-linguistic problems were related to sociological, psychological, and pedagogical issues. This problem becomes an obstacle for students to achieve success in learning Arabic.
At-Taʻlīm wa at-Taʻallum as-Siyāqī wa Mauqiʻ al-Jazīrah li Taʻlīm al-ʻArabiyyah
Authors: Kafi Fina Aunul
Published: August 2021

Students need contextual Arabic learning to improve Arabic language competence that is relevant to the target language environment through using of internet sites as alternative teaching materials such as those contained in Learning Aljazeera site. This article aimed to discuss Learning Aljazeera site as an alternative teaching material in Arabic learning based on contextual teaching and learning. Researcher used contain analysis method to discuss and analyze the site. From the data analysis, it showed that the material on the site consisted of media language and general language that prioritized fahm al-masmūʻ and fahm al-maqrūʻ  through various topics based on student level in addition to basic materials such as phonology and syntax. Learning Aljazeera sites can support the needs of learning Arabic today and can be used for contextual learning purposes in Arabic lessons.
At-Ṭarāiq an-Nājiḥah fī Taʻlīm Mahārah al-Kalām fi Lugah al-ʻArabiyyah
Authors: Manan Ahmad Mizan Rosyadi Abdul Jalil , Nafsah Nor Holis Bin
Published: August 2021

Learning Arabic-speaking skills is a must for Arabic learners. Several methods are often practiced in learning to speak Arabic. Educators need to pay attention to the typology of their students so that they can choose the right method. This research-oriented was to evaluate the relevant methods for studying Arabic communication. In this article, the researcher used a qualitative method with data sources from the literature documentation. The results of this research found that there were advantages and disadvantages to each method that was used to train students' speaking skills. Success in using the method depended on the competence of educators in applying it, supporting media, and teaching materials that were appropriate to the context of the learner. To achieve Arabic-speaking skills, a combination of various elements in learning is needed.
Daur ʻIlm al-Lugah al-Ijtimā’ī fī Taʻlīm al-Lugah al-ʻArabiyyah li Gair an-Nāṭiqīn Bihā
Authors: Wahyudi Imam
Published: August 2021

Sosiolinguistik membahas mengenai penggunaan bahasa dalam masyarakat dan bagaimana bahasa bisa tertanam dalam hubungan sosial di masyarakat, latar belakang sosial seorang penutur dan maksud dari apa yang disampaikan, dan isu-isu yang menyinggung karakter dan identitas sosial seorang penutur. Keberadaan lingkungan sosial merupakan salah satu aspek penentu keberhasilan dalam mengajarkan bahasa asing. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menjelaskan secara khusus peran sosiolinguistik dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab bagi non native speaker. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengulas secara mendalam teori-teori sosiolinguistik dalam memainkan peran pada pembelajaran bahasa Arab non native speaker. Hasil riset menunjukkan teori-teori sosiolinguistik memiliki korelasi yang kuat dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab bagi non native speaker. Sosiolinguistik dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman dalam penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran serta mengatasi masalah praktis dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab.
Daur Muʻallim fī at-Taʻlīm fi al-Madrasah al-Mutawassiṭah al-Ḥukūmiyyah al-Ūlā Jember
Authors: Zainuri Zainuri , Ghofur M. Abdul
Published: August 2021

Guru memiliki peranan vital dalam mensukseskan belajar siswa di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Jember. Guru perlu memiliki kompetensi dalam mengajar dan mendidik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran guru sebagai sumber ilmu, motivator, dan sebagai model pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis. Metode pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki peran penting dalam mensukseskan proses belajar-mengajar. Kesuksesan belajar siswa sangat bergantung pada peranan guru. Guru berperan sebagai sumber ilmu pengetahuan sehingga harus menerapkan proses belajar-mengajar yang menarik dan menunjukkan kepada siswa cara belajar yang kreatif dan efektif.
Coalbed Methane As a New Source of Energy in Indonesia and Some Developed Countries; A Review
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Riau, Indonesia., Martin Awaludin , Wahab Hamdani ,   Postgraduate Student in Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Riau, Barbarosa Mohammad ,   Postgraduate Student in Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Riau
Published: August 2021

The decrease in conventional energy sources followed by the world's energy demand as well as mounting concern about climate change, the countries are competing to get new sources of environmentally friendly energy with large reserves. The utilization of CBM as a new energy is an option because of its huge reserves, more environmentally friendly than traditional fossil energy (CBM emissions are 0.39 tones/MWh) and energy efficiency equivalent to natural gas. Indonesia has huge CBM reserves (400 TCF) but has not been utilize optimally due to technological problems, government regulations, large investments and others. This issues plus geographical constraints also occurs in countries with huge CBMs resource such as Russia (450 TCF) and China (700 TCF). Meanwhile, USA (500 TCF) and Australia (500 TCF) already have more established rules and technology. It is necessary to conduct a comparative study from each country according to the applicable regulations to accelerate the utilization of CBM.
FOREING DIRECT INVESTMENTS OF GERMAN TNCs: MAIN TRENDS AND FEATURES
Authors: Vasyl Namoniuk Vasyl Namoniuk , Nataliya Shavrina Nataliya Shavrina
Published: August 2021

The paper deals with the features of German transnational corporations’ investment activity within the last
decade. The period of active foreign direct investing during 2004–2007 and the period of FDI decline due to the global
economic and financial crisis are distinguished. The sectoral and regional structures of German TNCs’ investments
are analyzed as well. The special accent is made on the issue of investment attractiveness of Central and Eastern
Europe, especially Ukraine, for the German TNCs. It was revealed that stability and predictability of the situation in
the country and main features of its market are more important for German corporations when choosing the host
country, than regulatory restrictions on foreign direct investment. This is a very important issue for the FDI attraction
into Ukrainian economy.
Keywords: TNCs, FDI, international capital flows, regulatory restrictions, Central and Eastern Europe,
Ukraine.
Sources of enterprises’ financing from the SME sector
in the Mazowieckie Voivodeship
Authors: Domańska-Szaruga Beata , Mazurek Karolina
Published: August 2021

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań ankietowych dotyczących źródeł finansowania małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. Są one częścią obszerniejszych badań dotyczących dostępności źródeł finansowania oraz barier w rozwoju przedsiębiorczości. Wyniki badań potwierdzają istniejącą od lat tendencję finansowania działalności w oparciu o kapitały własne, różne formy kredytowania oraz leasing.
On the generalized Boolean sum Schurer-Stancu approximation formula
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE, NORTH UNIVERSITY CENTER AT BAIA MARE, BĂRBOSU DAN , POP OVIDIU T. ,   NATIONAL COLLEGE ”MIHAI EMINESCU”, SATU MARE
Published: August 2021

"In this paper, the Schurer-Stancu generalized Boolean sum (GBS, for short) approximation formula is considered and it’s remainder term is expressed in terms of bivariate divided differences. When the approximated function is sufficiently smooth, an upper bound estimation for the remainder term is also established. As particular cases, GBS Schurer and respectively GBS Bernstein approximation formulas are obtained and the expressions of their remainder are explicitly given."
ОЦІНКА ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВНОГО ФОНДУ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ У СФЕРІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ПРОЄКТІВ
Authors: Ватаманюк-Зелінська У.З. , Жовтяк К.В. , Вацяк Д.І.
Published: August 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню практики функціонування Державного фонду регіонального розвитку. Обґрунтовано Державну стратегію регіонального розвитку України на період 2021–2027 рр. та ресурси для фінансової підтримки її реалізації. Узагальнено законодавчі принципи функціонування Державного фонду регіонального розвитку в Бюджетному кодексі України. Здійснено аналіз обсягів фінансових ресурсів Фонду регіонального розвитку в Україні на 2015–2020 рр. Установлено, що з кожним роком обсяг Фонду збільшується, але не досягає своєї нормативної величини, тобто 1% від обсягу загального фонду державного бюджету України. Розглянуто тенденції та динаміку фактичного використання коштів Державного фонду регіонального розвитку під час фінансування інвестиційних проєктів за період 2015–2020 рр. Висвітлено недоліки у функціонуванні Державного фонду регіонального розвитку, які зменшують ефективність реалізації регіональної політики в Україні. Запропоновано практичні шляхи та напрями вдосконалення діяльності Державного фонду регіонального розвитку в Україні у сфері реалізації інвестиційних проєктів.
Mathematical Modelling and Simulation of Band Pass Filters using the Floating Admittance Matrix Method
Authors: Roy Sanjay Kumar , Sharma Kamal Kumar , Bhargava Cherry , Singh Brahmadeo Prasad
Published: August 2021

This article aims to develop a band pass filter's mathematical model using the Floating Admittance Matrix (FAM) method. The use of the conventional methods of analysis based KCL, KVL, Thevenin's, Norton's depends on the type of the particular circuit. The proposed mathematical modeling using the floating admittance matrix method is unique, and the same can be used for all types of circuits. This method uses the partitioning technique for large network. The sum property of all the elements of any row or any column equal to zero provides the assurance to proceed further for analysis or re-observe the very first equation. This saves time and energy. The FAM method presented here is so simple that anybody with slight knowledge of electronics but understating the matrix maneuvering, can analyze any circuit to derive all types of transfer functions. The mathematical modeling using the FAM method provides leverage to the designer to comfortably adjust their design at any stage of analysis. These statements provide compelling reasons for the adoption of the proposed process and demonstrate its benefits
Design of a Scalable 4G Portable Network Using Low Cost SDR And Raspberry Pi
Authors: Choudhury Nupur , Kalita Chinmoy , Sarma Kandarpa Kumar
Published: August 2021

Of late, Software Defined Radio (SDR) approach has become an effective means to design high data rate wireless systems for a range of applications. There are methods with which low cost SDR based 4th generation (4G) or long term evolution (LTE) systems can be designed. Using low cost Raspberry Pi systems, the SDR aided 4G systems can be designed for high data rate communication. The work is related to the design of a 4G wireless system using low cost SDR solutions and integrated to a programmable controller based on a Raspberry Pi. Experimental results show that the system is effective in a range of conditions
Bias Corrected H-likelihood Approach for Joint Models of Longitudinal and Survival Data, With Application to Community Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Bisselou Karl Stessy , Haynatzki Gleb
Published: August 2021

Time-to-event coupled with longitudinal trajectories are often of interest in biomedicine, and one popular approach to analysing such data is with a Joint Model (JM). JMs often have intractable marginal likelihoods, and one way to tackle this issue is by using the hierarchical likelihood (HL) estimation approach by Lee and Nelder [12]. The HL approximation sometimes results in biased estimates, and we propose a biascorrection approach (C-HL) that has been used for other models (eg, frailty models). We have applied, for the first time, the C-HL in the context of joint modelling of time-to-event and repeated measures data. Our C-HL method shows efficiency improvement, which comes at a cost of a more expensive computation than the existing HL approach. Additionally, we illustrate our method with a new MIMIC-IV CAP dataset
The Features of Proving of the Property Transfer Fact under the Contract of Lease of a Buildings and Structures (Based on Judicial Practice Materials)
Authors:   LLC «DELO» (Moscow), Balabanov S. P.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problem of proving of the property transfer fact under the contract of lease of a buildings and structures, in the absence of an act of acceptance and transfer. The purpose of the article is to determine the most effective strategy for proving the property transfer fact under the contract of lease of a buildings and structures. Achieving this purpose requires determining the essential features of specified contract, as well as identifying and analyzing the approaches, that have been established in law enforcement practice, regarding to admissible means of proving the property transfer fact. In the course of the research, analyzes the materials of the judicial practice of the arbitration courts of the Russian Federation for disputes arising from the contract of lease of a buildings and structures. Based on the analysis, the author of the article substantiates the conclusion that the act of acceptance and transfer is not the only evidence confirming the property transfer fact and also forms an approximate list of admissible evidence that can be used in court for proving this fact.
On the Protection of Consumer Rights in the Field of Housing and Communal Services
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Rybina N. M. , Luzhina A. N.
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to certain topical issues of consumer protection in the field of housing and communal services, using the example of the ratio of forms and methods of protecting the rights of HOA members and ordinary owners of apartments in apartment buildings.
The Role of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) in the Formation of Advisory Competence of International Judicial Bodies
Authors:   Crimean Branch of the Russian State University of Justice (Simferopol), Pastukhova L. V. , Shumilenko A. P. ,   Crimean Federal University (Simferopol)
Published: August 2021

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the role of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) in the formation of the advisory competence of modern international judicial bodies. Тhe authors emphasize the historical connection named after of the corresponding articles of the Covenant of the League of Nations, the Statute of the Court (PCIJ) and the Rules of Court (PCIJ). We present a list of reasons for rejection of the request for an advisory opinion; the authors analyze to what extent are states bound by the advisory opinions. A special attention is paid to the review of the practice of implementation by the PCIJ of its advisory function and assessment of the impact of advisory opinions on the development of norms of international law.
On the Need to Unify the Conceptual Apparatus in Forensic Activities
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Maylis N. P.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with issues related to the unification of concepts and terms in forensic activities and industry procedural codes. The need to revise the conceptual apparatus is caused, not only by different interpretations of certain terms and concepts, but also in some cases by their contradictions. Bringing them to a uniform understanding will contribute to the correct appointment of forensic examinations, adequate perception of commission and complex examinations, and evaluation of expert opinions by the bodies that appointed them.
Differentiation of Еxecution and Сomplicity in the Сommission of a Сrime
Authors:   Borzinsky Transport Prosecutor (Transbaikal Territory, Borzya), Nekoz S. S.
Published: August 2021

Problem Statement. The qualification of complicity in a crime is many times complicated by the solution of complex problems associated with the differentiation of the actions of the perpetrator and the accomplice in the crime. Judicial practice demonstrates in this part examples of «overstated» and «understated» qualifications, which naturally reflects not only the objective difficulties of law enforcement, but also the absence of an agreed doctrinal position on the relationship between the actions of the executor and the accomplice. Aims and Objectives of the Research. The article is devoted to finding an answer to the question of the most effective theoretical approaches to the distinction between execution and complicity in a crime, as well as general criteria for such a distinction. Methods. The method of formal-logical interpretation of the criminal law was used in the work; comparative legal analysis; documentary analysis and generalization of judicial practice; content analysis of scientific sources on the research topic. Results, Brief Conclusions. The scientifically established approach, according to which the distinction between performing and abetting actions is investigated primarily as a problem of the general theory of complicity, is based on the use of the construction of the general composition of complicity in a crime and the general composition of certain types of complicity. However, the construction of the general composition is not methodologically intended to solve the qualifying problem of differentiating the actions of accomplices. Therefore, the relevant issue should become the subject of analysis of the Special Part of Criminal Law and be resolved differentially in relation to each separate corpus delicti. The General part of criminal law can offer only the most general approach to the delimitation of execution from complicity, according to which the actions of an accomplice are always located outside the objective side of the execution of the crime.
Judicial Protection of the Rights of Consumers of Financial Services
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Efimov А. V.
Published: August 2021

. The institution of a financial ombudsman significantly affects the procedure for protecting the rights of consumers of financial services. The problem is that the protection of consumer rights in the courts is complicated by the factual double mandatory pre-trial procedure for resolving a dispute, in which, before going to court, the consumer is obliged to contact a financial organizationand a financial ombudsman. The purpose of this article is to formulate a theoretical approach to the balance between consumer access to justice and the burden on the judicial system. Research objectives: characteristics of the consumer of financial services; assessment of the pre-trial procedure for protecting the rights of consumers of financial services; search for the optimal ratio of pre-trial and judicial procedures for protecting the rights of consumers of financial services. When writing this article, general scientific methods (system, functional, group of logical methods) and special legal methods (formal legal, legal modeling method) were applied. The article criticizes the existing procedure for protecting the rights of consumers of financial services for the imbalance between consumer access to justice and the burden on the judicial system. The author proposes the introduction of a mixed jurisdiction of disputes involving consumers, in the framework of which it is assumed that after contacting a financial organization, the consumer will have the choice of a jurisdictional body- the consumer will be able to appeal to both the financial ombudsman and the court. At the same time, the development of the institution of a financial ombudsman by improving the efficiency, efficiency and other characteristics of dispute resolution will increase its attractiveness for consumers, stimulating them to resolve disputes out of court.
Compensation for Harm Caused to Water Bodies: Analysis of Judicial Practice
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Vershilo N. D.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the issues of law enforcement practice related to compensation for harm caused to water bodies. In addition, both the current budgetary and environmental legislation are analyzed. It is noted that the collection of funds from the defendant in the form of compensation for harm and their transfer to the budget in itself is not directly aimed at restoring the state of the environment.
Nature Features of Explanations of the Russian Supreme Court Plenum on Issues of Judicial Practice
Authors:   West Siberian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice (Tomsk), Yusubov E. S. , Philimonov Yu. V.
Published: August 2021

In this article it is settled that explanations of the Russian Supreme Court Plenum on judicial practice, passed in forms of its judgments, meet the criteria of individual judicial regulations, relating to a variety of non-law. In these acts on the basis of studies and analysis of judicial practice it is fixed the results of interpretation court's activity during administration of justice and passing judgments, which are taken into account subsequently by courts when cases with factual circumstances without variation are considered.
Рrospects for the Development of Norms of Сivil Law on Preliminary Contract
Authors:   LLC «LERNAKO», Kirillova A. O.
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the historical experience of regulating pre-contractual legal relations. The main focus is on the development of preliminary contract legislation. At the same time, problems are posed related to possible ways of further development of legislation on a preliminary contract. The purpose of the article is to study the current legal regulation of legal relations complicated by a preliminary agreement, and to propose scientific ideas aimed at improving the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in the part related to the preliminary agreement. The article was written with the active use of general scientific methods and special legal methods. When writing the article, the methods of formal logic and the general dialectical method and methods of interpretation of legal texts were used. In this article, conclusions are drawn about the need for a general design of a preliminary contract, uniting elements of all existing structures that ensure the organization of future contractual relations. In addition, this article draws conclusions about the introduction of special restrictions on freedom of contract when concluding a preliminary contract. The author expressed the idea of fixing such a legal consequence in case of violation of a preliminary contract, as the recognition of legal consequences as having occurred.
Legal and Individual Regulation of the Distribution of the Risk of Property Losses
Authors:   Krasnodar Regional Court (Krasnodar), Makovei N. D.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the issues of legal and individual regulation of relations that arise when the parties have a legal relationship of property losses. The author examines the grounds for the occurrence of property losses and, depending on the grounds for their occurrence, proposes to differentiate them into losses associated with a violation of one of the parties' obligations and losses arising from reasons beyond the control of the parties. The article raises the question of approaches to the distribution of property losses that are not related to the violation of an obligation, and also highlights the levels of regulation of legal relations emerging in this area.
Documents and other Materials as Written Evidence in a Civil Proceeding
Authors:   North Caucasian Branch of Russian State University of Justice (Krasnodar), Shakit'ko T. V.
Published: August 2021

In this article, the author analyzes written evidence as a type of evidence in a civil process; draws the attention of readers to the uncertainty of understanding of written evidence, discusses the legal nature of individual evidence, which can be attributed to written.
The Concept of Iatrogenic Crimes and Problems with Their Investigation
Authors:   West Siberian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice (Tomsk), Mazur E. S. , Knyazkov A. S.
Published: August 2021

At present, professional misconduct of medical practitioners is paid much attention to. However, there is a lack of research into the content, importance of classification and stages of the relevant forensic activities of investigators. The specific nature of the iatrogenic crime is expressed in its «trace picture» and determines both the structure of forensic activity and the content of its separate stages. The purpose of this work is to develop provisions indicating the need of taking into account the peculiar material and ideal picture of the iatrogenic incident, and the study of the contents of investigator's activities at the initial stage of investigation. In order to achieve the above goal, the objectives of the study of the established approaches to the definition of iatrogenic crime were set and solved and on this basis, taking into account the «trace picture», of the iatrogenic incident, the examination of the forensic activity of the investigator, aimed, ultimately, at proving the causal relationship between the actions of the doctor and the consequences, called the «mechanism of the crime». The method of dialectical cognition, system-structural and system-functional methods, situational method, modeling method and other modern methods of scientific research constitute the methodological basis of the present work.
Differentiation of Competence Between Courts of General Jurisdiction and Arbitration Courts for Disputes Involving the Head of an Organization
Authors:   Rostov Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Gubenko M. I.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the latest changes in legislation and judicial practice of courts of General jurisdiction and arbitration courts with the participation of the head of the organization. Arguments are given in favor of the position on the consideration of labor disputes exclusively by courts of General jurisdiction, arguments are given regarding the need to change the rules of the Code of Arbitration Procedure of the Russian Federation in order to prevent the consideration of labor disputes by arbitration courts.
Judicial Conciliation and Mediation: Correlation Problems and Development Prospects
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Pervukhina S. I.
Published: August 2021

This article is dedicated to the issue of the correlation between judicial conciliation and mediation. The author compares these two conciliatory procedures according to the following criteria: organizational and legal framework, key goals and objectives; legal status of the person assisting the parties in resolving the dispute and their role and function/competence in the procedure; the peculiarities of the procedural form; the court role in organizing and performing conciliatory procedures after a trial being initiated. As a result of the comparison, the author comes to the conclusion that judicial conciliation and mediation are overlapping, which may have the negative effect on the development of the amicable dispute resolution as a legal institute. The author formulates the suggestions regarding the further development of the judicial conciliation model in order to attract the disputing parties' interest to this procedure and to raise its efficiency as the judicial load optimizing instrument.
Consideration of Disputes in the Field of Motor Third-Party Liability Insurance
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Tropskaya S. S.
Published: August 2021

Motor third-party liability insurance is one of the most common and complex insurance disputes. This is due to the high level of conflict in the MTPL insurance sphere, as well as frequent changes in current legislation. The purpose of this article is to analyze the practice of applying the most ambiguous provisions of the legislation on MTPL insurance. The tasks are: consideration of the positions of the courts on the application of provisions on MTPL insurance policies; on insurance payments; on pre-trial dispute settlement. The main method in the article is the concrete sociological method. As a result, it is concluded that the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is actively working to clarify the application of the rules of substantive and procedural law in order to ensure a balance of interests of all participants in the legal relations under consideration.
Protection of the Result of Intellectual Activity in the Form of a Visual Work, Industrial Image, Design: Legislation and Practice of its Application
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Chernichkina G. N.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the features of protection of such objects as a artwork, industrial design and design. The author notes that in the form of these objects, the same result of intellectual activity can be protected for which the connection of the content of the result with its expression in a materialized form is inseparable. The same result can be protected by copyright and patent law if there are certain conditions: the ability to characterize the result with «individualizing characteristics». Analyzing the legislation and judicial practice, the author found that the «individualizing characteristics» of the work, which the court establishes in the case of a dispute, are a manifestation of the form of the work. Copyright protects the form of the artwork. In the case of protection of such a artwork as an industrial design, «individualizing characteristics» are called essential features of an industrial design and characterize its content, since an industrial design is a solution of appearance, which is subject to protection. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that there is no sufficiently unambiguous definition of the result of intellectual activity and the elements that characterize it as an object of law: content and form.
Specific Regulation of the Termination of the Employment Agreement on Remote Work: Problems in the Past and Estimation of the Present Times
Authors:   PJSC Sberbank (Moscow), Simonenko V. V.
Published: August 2021

The author has arranged a comprehensive analysis of the law enforcement practice developed over the past 7 years on the issue of termination of remote employment agreement for based on the additional grounds provided for by the agreement. Conclusions were drawn based on this results that may form the base for further scientific discussion related to improvement of the current legislation still providing for the possibility of establishment of the contractual grounds for dismissal for particular employees. The article includes the analysis of the new specific regulation of termination of employment relations with remote employees based on the Art. 312.8 of the Labour Code of the Russian Federation.
Leading system transformation: A work in progress
Authors: Whitby Greg , Manning Maura , Hays Gavin
Published: August 2021

Internationally, the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the education sector. While NSW has avoided the longer periods of remote learning that our colleagues in Victoria and other countries have experienced, we have nonetheless been provoked to reflect on the nature of schooling and the systemic support we provide to transform the learning of each student and enrich the professional lives of staff within our Catholic learning community. At Catholic Education Diocese of Parramatta (CEDP), a key pillar of our approach is to create conditions that enable everyone to be a leader. Following the initial lockdown period in 2020 when students learned remotely, we undertook an informal teacher voice piece with the purpose of engaging teachers and leaders from across our 80 schools in Greater Western Sydney to reflect on and capture key learnings. This project revealed teachers and leaders reported very high feelings of self-efficacy, motivation and confidence in their capacity to learn and lead in the volatile pandemic landscape. These findings raised the question: how do we enable this self-efficacy, motivation and confidence in an ongoing way? This paper documents the systematic reflection process undertaken by CEDP to understand the enabling conditions a system can provide to activate everyone to be a leader in the post-pandemic future and the key learnings emerging from this process.
Supporting science teaching practice with learning progressions
Authors: Furtak Erin
Published: August 2021

Learning progressions are often used as foundations for curriculum and assessment. At the same time, as representations of the development of student ideas and practices, they can also serve as maps to support teachers during instruction. This paper describes a program of research in which my colleagues and I have investigated how learning progressions can support high school science teachers in cycles of co-designing formative assessments.
Identifying and monitoring progress in collaboration skills
Authors: Scoular Claire
Published: August 2021

The nature of skills such as collaboration is complex, particularly given that there are internal processes at play. Inferences need to be made to interpret explicit behaviours observed from intentionally designed assessment tasks. This paper centres on the approach to develop hypotheses of skill development into validated learning progressions using assessment data. Understanding a skill from a growth perspective is essential for the effective teaching and development of the skill. The application of Item Response Theory (IRT) allows the interpretation of assessment data as levels of proficiency that we can use to map or monitor progress in collaborative skills.