bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Subject Teachers' Expectations on Junior High School Students' Learning Motivation: Taking English as an Example
Authors: He Nan
Published: August 2024

The relationship between teachers' expectations and students' learning motivation is one of the important topics in the field of educational psychology nowadays, and it is also one of the issues that the pedagogical community is concerned about. However, in today's society, there are still some research gaps in the influence of teachers' expectations on students' learning motivation and the internal relationship between them. Therefore, this study takes junior high school students in a middle school in Meizhou, Guangdong Province as the research object, collects the scale data of specific English teachers' expectations and students' learning motivation perceived by students, and carries out correlation analysis and regression analysis between the two according to the data. According to the correlation analysis of this study, there is no significant correlation between teachers' expectations and the undermotivation dimension of learning motivation, but there is a significant correlation with the three dimensions of over-motivation, learning interest, and learning objectives. It shows that positive teachers' expectations have a significant positive impact on all dimensions of students' learning motivation. Therefore, the study puts forward the following three suggestions. Firstly, teachers need to give reasonable expectations to students. Secondly, teachers should learn how to guide students' learning motivation effectively. Last, the study also discusses about teachers' expectations and learning motivation have a main and extremely important influence on students' learning performance.
Research on Time of Arrival Estimation Algorithm Based on ESPRIT
Authors: Liu Jiawei
Published: August 2024

The ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) algorithm is a high-resolution method used for estimating the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of signals. Due to its effectiveness and stability, many improvements have been proposed based on the ESPRIT algorithm, making it a prominent technique among high-resolution algorithms. In this paper, we delve into the theoretical foundations of the ESPRIT algorithm and conduct a comparative analysis with conventional Time of Arrival (TOA) estimation algorithms. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that the ESPRIT algorithm outperforms traditional TOA estimation methods, particularly under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. However, it should be noted that the ESPRIT algorithm entails a higher computational complexity. Our findings underscore the algorithm's superior performance in challenging environments, albeit with an increased computational burden.
Research on the Application of Machine Learning Technology in Enterprise Intelligent Finance
Authors: Chen Xiang
Published: August 2024

As the complexity of enterprise financial management environments and the volume of data surge, traditional financial analysis methods face significant challenges. Machine learning technology, with its powerful data processing and predictive capabilities, is becoming an essential tool to address these challenges. This paper aims to explore the application of machine learning technology in intelligent finance for enterprises, covering areas such as budgeting and forecasting, risk management, automated financial reporting, and fraud detection. By summarizing the basic concepts and commonly used algorithms of machine learning, and analyzing the needs of intelligent finance, this paper discusses how machine learning can enhance the accuracy and efficiency of financial decision-making. Additionally, through case studies, the paper analyzes key factors for successful applications and the challenges faced. The paper also discusses the obstacles to implementing machine learning in enterprise financial management and offers future development trends and optimization suggestions. The research indicates that while machine learning technology has significant potential applications, enterprises must overcome issues such as data quality and algorithm limitations to achieve optimal intelligent financial outcomes.
Analysis and Design of the GS1 System Based on ITF-14
Authors: Shi Xingyu
Published: August 2024

Commodity activity is the most basic activity of human society and the most important feature of the development of human society. With the increasingly active commodity trade, the GS1 article coding system to improve the efficiency of commodity trade is more and more widely used in the supply chain management and trade field of the whole commodity from product production to product sales. ITF-14 bar code is the 14-bit European bar code standard, which carries the GTIN-14 code in GS1 standard system and is used to identify the packaging carton identification of goods in supply chain management. GS1 system analysis and design based on ITF-14 is oriented to supply chain management, with GS1 identification code as the core, based on ITF-14 data bearing, with data management, exchange and sharing as the purpose of analyzing GS1 system based on ITF-14, to understand the significance of its application in supply chain management and other scenarios. Through the system analysis and design, it is of great significance to master the GS1 standard and analyze, discuss and research the practical complex problems such as supply chain management.
Research on the Application of Blockchain in Integrated Energy Systems
Authors: Zeng Dejun , Gu Xueying
Published: August 2024

In the low-carbon background, the synergistic development of multiple energy flows has become an important development direction for the reform of the energy system, and the blockchain technology itself has features that can greatly empower the integrated energy system. This paper firstly introduces blockchain theory, characteristics. Secondly, by analyzing the characteristics between blockchain and comprehensive energy system, the fit between the two is further analyzed, and the current status of energy blockchain technology research is sorted out and summarized. Finally, it looks forward to the development prospect of energy blockchain, and puts forward relevant suggestions on the development direction and requirements of energy blockchain technology in the future in view of the problems existing in the existing research.
Research on the Assessment of the Driving Effect of Digital Technological Innovation on the Income Increasing Efficiency Of Urban and Rural Residents in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Liu Mengling
Published: August 2024

The Yellow River Basin is a key region for the national regional coordinated development strategy and the construction of the Belt and Road. Promoting the income increase of urban and rural residents in various provinces of the Yellow River Basin is the key to cultivate new drivers of high-quality development and further promote common prosperity. Using the super-efficient DEA model, this paper analyzes the impact efficiency of digital technology innovation on the income increase of urban and rural residents in nine provinces (autonomous regions) of the Yellow River Basin from 2012 to 2022, and draws the following conclusions: (1) On the whole, the impact efficiency of digital technology innovation on the income increase of urban and rural residents in the Yellow River Basin has not reached the effective level. (2) There are regional differences in the impact efficiency of digital technology innovation on the income increase of urban and rural residents. Areas with superior geographical location, relatively high per capita income and large population can better promote the increase of urban and rural residents' income. (3) In terms of policies, it is necessary to focus on strengthening the infrastructure construction of the Yellow River Basin, further guide and support enterprises to carry out industrial upgrading and transformation, promote the application of digital technology in traditional industries, formulate specific policies and measures according to the characteristics and status quo of each region, comprehensively utilize the advantages of digital technology innovation, and then promote economic development and the improvement of resident income level.
Different Background and Situation of US and China Bring Different Opinions about Video Games
Authors: Yang Chengzhi
Published: August 2024

With the booming of technology development, video games gradually became a kind of common way to relax. Nowadays cellphones and laptops are generalizing, and video games’ quality has become better than before. Video games seem to be a necessity in people’s daily life, especially the teenagers and the young. This study works on different environments between the US and China leading to the differences in video game development and people’s perspective towards it. The environment is composed of countless elements. This study will focus mainly on education, institutions, and gaming companies in these two different countries. The totally different education, policy, and companies will bring different opinions about video games. The purpose of the study is to compare the differences and seek both benefits and disadvantages of each side. These facts shape the parents from these two countries to have quite different opinions about video games. Compared to Us parents, China parents’ attitudes are relatively serious towards video games and think it will bring more negative influences. US parents are relatively open to video games. Also, the different environment causes teenagers in China may be more obsessed with video games than Us teenagers.
Revolutionizing College English Reading with ChatGPT: Current Predicaments and Future Directions
Authors: Li Wanfen , Tang Yaru , Wang Siyu
Published: August 2024

With the acceleration of globalization, foreign language education in colleges and universities has been paid more and more attention. Combined with the development of artificial intelligence, ChatGPT is also widely used in the educational sector. In the future of technology-facilitated education, it will be more closely integrated with foreign language education to create better teaching activities for teachers and students. This paper aims to analyze the necessity of ChatGPT joining the college English reading teaching module through the shortage of educational resources and the dilemma of teaching mode. This paper also clarifies its possible advantages and disadvantages, as well as the corresponding use of various characteristics of the teaching scene.  It examines the relationship between this artificial intelligence tool and the two parties, namely teachers and students, and the definition of their roles. The final conclusion of this paper is expected to lead the public to have a deeper understanding of ChatGPT, or to alert users to cautiously and correctly view the role of AI tools in the teaching and learning domain.
Impact of Interpersonal Relations on the Mental Health of College Students
Authors: Lang Yueqian
Published: August 2024

Over the years, mental health has become a hot issue, and it seems that after the rampant COVID-19, increasingly numbers of people have suffered from mental distress. Especially for college students who are in the transition period from teenagers to adulthood, it is valuable to explore the conditions of their mental health, for mental well-being may affect students' academic performances, interpersonal relationships, and even their future. This article will focus on one of the most important factors that may influence students' mental status, namely, interpersonal relationship. Three types of relationships that are common and predominant in students' social networks will be discussed in the article by comprehensively analyzing previous studies and students' mental health. As a result, it is transparent that both family relationships, peer relationships and romantic relationships are related to students’ mental health, and some studies also revealed that diagnose histories are often associated with poor social conditions. Therefore, this paper is aiming to focus on the influences of multiple types of interpersonal relationships that may result in mental disorders and provide possible prospects for future study.
The Analysis of Popularity of Depression and Anxiety Related to Social Media
Authors: Chen Keyin
Published: August 2024

Because of the development of social media, depression and anxiety have become hot topics for a long time and the public concentrates on whether they can be treated or not. This article clearly illustrates which factors influence these two symptoms, the consequences that they bring and ways to solve them through a combination of knowledge of social media and psychology. The study of masses and upward social comparison, shows that the increasing popularity of depression and anxiety is due to features of crowds that are infectious, emotional and suggestive. According to a generalized analysis, intimate relationships and social media are beneficial for treating these two mental problems. Intimate relationships mostly occur in schools and daily interpersonal communications. Meanwhile, social networks can produce shelters for people who suffer from exclusion and psychological disorders. However, not only the living environment, but also digital media can damage people a lot. In addition, threats of depression and anxiety include health, social and work issues that can continuously effect the normal progress of work. There are some appropriate strategies to reduce them are restricting the use of social media and social support by the study of Therapy interventions and Stage Environment Matching Theory. To sum up, it is clear that popularity of depression and anxiety can be solved but cannot be treated completely.
The Relationship between Parenting Styles, Learning Motivation and Self-Efficacy of Diverse Age
Authors: Zeng Shiya
Published: August 2024

Linked to personal and national development, student education has long been regarded as an important project. In addition to school education, parental education at home also plays an essential role in students' learning. Among previous research, there have been numerous studies on the relationship between parenting styles and students' learning motivation and self-efficacy, but there have been relatively few studies comparing these situations across different grade groups. Therefore, this article adopts a review method to comprehensively compare five empirical researches on students of different school ages respectively, in order to explore the similarities and differences in the relation between parenting styles, learning motivation, and self-efficacy among students from different school ages, then provide a constructive reference for parental education. Research has found that overall, the results are approximately alike: parenting styles closely related to learning motivation and self-efficacy despite students from different school ages, and positive parenting styles significantly positively affect the learning motivation and self-efficacy of all school-age students while sometimes negative parenting styles also encourage self-efficacy.
Cultural Diversity and Early Education - A Comparison of Educational Approaches in Different Cultural Contexts
Authors: Xia Ning
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the impact of cultural diversity on early education, using China and Australia as examples for comparative analysis. Differences in educational theory and practice in cultural contexts are first described, including educational goals, teaching methods, family involvement and assessment approaches. It then explores the long-term effects of culture on children's cognitive, social and emotional development. It was found that China focuses on academic achievement and collective values, while Australia emphasises individual creativity and holistic development. Finally, recommendations were made to promote intercultural educational practices, including educational diversity understanding, home-school community collaboration, flexible assessment and intercultural communication.
Consider the impact of US interest rate policy on the RMB exchange rate forecast research against the US dollar
Authors: Wang Ran
Published: August 2024

Global economies are interconnected, with each country’s monetary policy spilling over to affect others’ goods and capital, especially under full capital mobility. The U.S., faced with the twin challenges of rising inflation and unemployment due to the pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and trade tensions with China, has started raising interest rates. This has intensified fluctuations in the RMB exchange rate, highlighting the need for accurate prediction. To address this, a deep learning-based ARIMA-EEMD-IAWT-LSTM model is proposed, which enhances time series denoising by combining improved adaptive wavelet thresholding (IAWT) and ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). This model, integrated with LSTM, effectively predicts the nonlinear aspects of the time series, reducing risks associated with exchange rate volatility. The model’s prediction accuracy reaches 98.4822%, underscoring its practical significance in exchange rate forecasting.
Examining the Marketing Strategy of Celebrity-Founded Brands: A Case Study of Skims by Kim Kardashian
Authors: Li Jiani
Published: August 2024

As the trend of celebrity-founded brands rises, several celebrities attempt to create their own brand with the assistance of professionals, or to take on roles as creative directors of an existing brand. However, one may wonder why some of these brands achieve greater success than others, especially when the celebrities involved are equally well-kown. Through documentary research methods, this study reveals that there is a strong correlation between brand successfulness and the brand's marketing strategy. The conclusion is drawn from using the fashion brand Skims as an example of a typical celebrity-founded brand that employs effective offline and online marketing techniques. Skims has successfully established itself as a unique and welcoming fashion brand that is popular worldwide, emphasizing diversity and the ability to produce products in a wide range of body types and skin tones by developing successful brand positioning and segmentation. Nevertheless, all the above could still be improved through strategic positioning, relying less on celebrity presence, and using more creative marketing strategies, which shall be further discussed in this paper.
Research on Current Development, Impact and Future Exploration of China’s New Energy Vehicles in Northeast China
Authors: Wang Zihan
Published: August 2024

China’s new energy vehicle (NEV) market has experienced rapid growth in recent years, driven by the national “double carbon” strategy and the goal of carbon neutrality by 2050. The Northeast region, as a key industrial base in China, holds unique advantages and potential for the development of the electric vehicle (EV) industry. It is imperative for the region to align with national strategies and intensify research on EVs to accelerate the country’s overall development. This paper begins by analyzing the current status of the EV market in the Northeast region. Through a regional case study, it identifies various challenges, including low consumer acceptance, inadequate technological innovation, insufficient charging infrastructure, and policy support gaps. Feasible solutions are proposed to address these challenges. These include enhancing technical research to optimize battery performance in low temperatures, fostering synergy within the industry chain, expanding charging facilities to meet market demand and improve consumer acceptance, and enhancing policy support. The paper aims to contribute to the healthy development of the NEV market in Northeast China and support China’s sustainable development goals. It offers actionable insights and recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders in the Northeast region and nationwide, facilitating the refinement of strategies to drive the growth of the EV industry.
Analysis of Marketing Strategies for Sports Star Trading Cards
Authors: Shen Yuan
Published: August 2024

One of the reasons for the renewed interest in sports star trading cards is is a collection of things you love. For example, personal favorite team, personal favorite players, some people may be a memory of youth, and some people are a kind of walking with time now. Blind boxes, where collectors purchase a pack without knowing which cards they will receive, have become a popular marketing strategy to add an element of surprise and excitement to the buying experience. This unpredictability can create a sense of anticipation and increase the perceived value of the cards inside. Additionally, auctions of specific player cards can create a sense of competition among collectors, driving up prices and adding a thrill of the chase to the purchasing process. By analyzing the effectiveness of these marketing strategies, we can gain insights into what drives collectors to make purchases and how to best engage with them. Understanding these consumer behaviors can help companies in the sports star trading card market tailor their marketing efforts to maximize sales and increase collector engagement.
Transformation and Adaptation of Traditional Culture in Contemporary Tourism: A Case Study of Kyoto Minshuku
Authors: Hu Longxi
Published: August 2024

Culture is a solid foundation for the development of tourism in Kyoto. Minshuku, as a product that meets the needs of culture tourism well, has been developing better and faster along with Kyoto's tourism industry year by year. With the global modernization of cities, the preservation and balance of traditional culture has turned out to be an outstanding topic, and the role of Kyoto Minshuku in cultural heritage is an example worth studying under this broad topic. This paper specifically explores how minshuku, as a cultural carrier, can help traditional culture and old architecture find their place and play an important role in contemporary tourism. The key driving factors include the internal sale and remodeling needs of the old house, as well as the external tourism development, market demand, and policy support, among others. Meanwhile, this phenomenon has both positive and negative impacts on Kyoto's society. As a case of effective transformation and adaptation of traditional culture, Kyoto's minshuku has numerous references and examples for research in similar fields and many other urban planning, such as the combination of traditional culture and tourism, and the preservation and development of traditional culture.
The Impact of Capital Market on New Quality Productivity
Authors: Mo Yang
Published: August 2024

The establishment of an innovation system centered on New Quality Productivity holds significant implications for China in accelerating the realization of high-level technological self-reliance and the development of high-quality capabilities. This paper empirically examines the role of capital markets in influencing the development of New Quality Productivity by using technological innovation and industrial upgrading as two core proxies and measuring the data at the provincial level in China from 2007 to 2022. The regression results show that the capital market has a significant positive impact on both technological innovation and industrial upgrading with obvious regional differences. From the perspective of technological innovation, the influence of the capital market on the development of New Quality Productivity shows the pattern of “east > central > west”, while from the perspective of industrial upgrading, the influence of the capital market on the development of New Quality Productivity shows the pattern of “central > east > west”. The above findings expand the scope of research on New Quality Productivity and provide important theoretical references for local governments in macro-control and policy formulation.
The Impact of Digital Financial Inclusion on Residents’ Entrepreneurial Decisions
Authors: Yue Lifei
Published: August 2024

As technology advances, digital inclusive finance has gradually become an important force supporting entrepreneurial activities. This paper, based on the Probit model, utilizes cross-sectional data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2020 to investigate the impact of digital inclusive finance on residents' entrepreneurship. The research reveals that digital inclusive finance promotes entrepreneurship among residents in China, a conclusion robustly supported by a series of sensitivity tests. Mechanism tests suggest that digital inclusive finance alleviates credit constraints during residents' entrepreneurial processes and enhances their participation in financial markets. Heterogeneity tests indicate that digital inclusive finance significantly stimulates rural residents' entrepreneurship, reflecting its inclusive nature. From a gender perspective, digital inclusive finance has a more substantial impact on male entrepreneurship, while its impact on female entrepreneurship is relatively minor. Furthermore, heterogeneity tests based on human capital suggest that digital inclusive finance reduces the human capital barrier required to entrepreneurship, thus facilitating residents with lower levels of education to engage in entrepreneurial activities. Hence, it is imperative to continuously deepen the popularization of digital inclusive finance while also addressing the entrepreneurial needs of vulnerable groups, thereby further unleashing residents' entrepreneurial vitality and achieving genuine inclusivity.
Frequency and Causes of Early Neonatal Death at Bonzola Hospital (Mbujimayi, DRC)
Authors: Kalenda Célestin Songie , Sangula Moise Kongolo , Mbuyi David Kabala Muana , Kambilo Joseph Kambilo , Nzambi Antoine Kanku , Muamba Honoré Muamba , Kayemba Paul Kabula , Mubala Emmanuel Mpetemba , Muteba Lazare Mpoyi , Jean Felly Mwamba Lubaya , Kasela Leon Mbenga , Ciala Charles Katuku , Kalonji François Kalonji , Kalonji Guy Mukendi , Mukendi Paul Ciamala , Kala Liévin Mbuyi , Kalonji Roger Cimpangila
Published: August 2024

Objective The present study was carried out with the aim of studying the frequency and causes of early mortality with a view to improving the health of mothers and children and to make our contribution to the framework for accelerating the objectives of the millennium for development. Material and methods Our study is descriptive cross-sectional. It was carried out at Bonzola hospital, town of Mbujimayi, province of Kasaï Oriental in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It concerns 195 subjects. Results The presence study reveals that the frequency of early neonatal deaths is 53.5%, prematurity is the most represented cause with 64.1%.
দেশভাগ ও হাসান আজিজুল হকের গল্প
Authors: মো. জফির উদ্দিন
Published: August 2024

উনিশশো সাতচল্লিশের দেশবিভাগ ভারত-ইতিহাসের সবচেয়ে উল্লেখযোগ্য ঘটনা। সম্পূর্ণ রাজনৈতিক ও শ্রেণিস্বার্থের উদ্দেশ্যে সংঘটিত এই দেশবিভাগ মানবেতিহাসের এক ট্রাজিক অধ্যায়ও। কেননা, ভারত-ইতিহাসে কেন, বিশ্বের ইতিহাসেও দেশভাগজনিত মানুষের এত বড় দেশত্যাগ/দেশান্তর, উদ্বাস্তুজীবনের ঘটনা ও সাম্প্রদায়িক দাঙ্গা আর ঘটেনি। দেশভাগের পরও দু-দেশের মানুষ সেই ক্ষত বয়ে বেড়াচ্ছে আজও। ভারতের পশ্চিম অংশের মতো পূর্বাঞ্চলের বাংলাভাগের ফলে গণমানুষের যে স্বপ্নভঙ্গ হয়েছিল, মানুষ যে ভয়াবহ পরিস্থিতি ও যন্ত্রণার মুখোমুখি হয়েছিল তার সৃষ্টিশীল নির্মাণ হয়ে আসছে সাহিত্যে, চলচ্চিত্রে ও শিল্পকলায়। দেশভাগের অভিঘাতে এই মানবিক ট্রাজেডি হাসান আজিজুল হকের গল্পে কীভাবে রূপায়িত হয়েছে বর্তমান প্রবন্ধে তারই অনুসন্ধান করা হয়েছে।
বাংলা পরোক্ষ কথনকৃতি বিশ্লেষণ
Authors: সৈয়দ শাহরিয়ার রহমান
Published: August 2024

প্রায়োগিক বিবেচনায় ভাষার অবিচ্ছেদ্য অংশ কথনকৃতি (speech act)। অভিন্ন ভাষা ব্যবহার করেন এমন একদল মানুষের সংজ্ঞাপন পরিসীমায় একজন বক্তা যা বলেন এবং এক বা একাধিক শ্রোতা যা শোনেন, সেই বক্তব্য বোধগম্য হয়ে ওঠার ক্ষেত্রে কথনকৃতির রয়েছে বিশেষ ভূমিকা। মানব সংজ্ঞাপনে কথনকৃতির এই অপরিহার্য প্রাসঙ্গিকতা বিবেচনা করে প্রয়োগবিজ্ঞানে (pragmatics) সুপ্রতিষ্ঠা লাভ করেছে কথনকৃতি তত্ত্ব। এই তত্ত্বের অন্যতম প্রান্ত হলো পরোক্ষ কথনকৃতি; যেখানে বক্তা এবং শ্রোতা পরস্পরের প্রতি এক ধরনের বোঝাপড়ার ভিত্তিতে আপাত-প্রত্যক্ষভাবে প্রকাশিত বক্তব্যের বাইরে গিয়ে আরও বেশি কিছু সংজ্ঞাপিত করতে সমর্থ হন। সারলে বিষয়টিকে যেভাবে দেখেছেন তার আলোকে বলা যায় যে, এ ক্ষেত্রে বক্তার কথনকৃতি সরাসরি সবকিছু বয়ান না করে পরোক্ষ কোনো কৌশল গ্রহণ করে যার মধ্য দিয়ে শ্রোতার কাছে সংজ্ঞাপিত হয় বক্তার অনির্বচনীয় অথচ অন্বিষ্ট বিবিধ তথ্যানুষঙ্গ। উদাহরণস্বরূপ অনুজ্ঞাবাচকতার প্রকাশে পরোক্ষ কথনকৃতির প্রয়োগকে বিবেচনা করা যেতে পারে । কোনো প্রশ্নবাক্য কিংবা বিবৃতি ব্যবহার করে যদি প্রকারান্তরে অনুজ্ঞাবাচকতার প্রকাশ ঘটানো হয় তাহলে বক্তার পরোক্ষ কথনকৃতি তাৎপর্যপূর্ণ অভিদ্যোতনা লাভ করে। বাংলা ভাষার আলোকে পরোক্ষ কথনকৃতির বিভিন্ন বৈশিষ্ট্য চিহ্নিত করে এদের প্রয়োগবৈজ্ঞানিক বিশ্লেষণ বক্ষ্যমাণ প্রবন্ধের মূল লক্ষ্য।
আবুল মনসুর আহমদের ভাষাচিন্তা ও সাহিত্যাদর্শ
Authors: মো. চেঙ্গীশ খান
Published: August 2024

বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যের ক্ষেত্রে আবুল মনসুর আহমদের চিন্তাধারা এক ব্যতিক্রমী বৈশিষ্ট্যের অধিকারী। বাংলাদেশের সংস্কৃতিকে তিনি ধর্মের সীমা অতিক্রম করে পশ্চিম- পাকিস্তানিদের থেকে এবং বাঙালিত্বের সীমা অতিক্রম করে পশ্চিম-বাংলা থেকে যেমন স্বতন্ত্র হিসেবে দেখেছিলেন, তেমনি বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যকেও তিনি সম্পূর্ণ বাংলাদেশি হিসেবে রূপান্তর করতে চেয়েছিলেন। বিভিন্ন প্রবন্ধে-নিবন্ধে, ভাষণ- বক্তৃতায় ও আত্মজীবনীতে এ সম্পর্কে তাঁর ইচ্ছাশক্তির প্রাবল্যের কথা জানা যায়। মোটামুটি বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যকে তিনি পূর্ববাংলা তথা বাংলাদেশের নিজস্বতায় রূপান্তর করতে চেয়েছিলেন, অর্থাৎ প্রতিষ্ঠিত ও প্রচলিত বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যের রূপকে হিন্দুয়ানি বা পশ্চিমবঙ্গীয় আখ্যা দিয়ে তাকে মুসলমানি বা পূর্ববঙ্গীয় হিসেবে নতুন করে গড়ে তুলতে চেয়েছিলেন। এক্ষেত্রে তিনি সফলকাম হতে পারেননি বা বাংলাদেশের কোনো কবি- সাহিত্যিক-চিন্তাবিদ তাঁর এই আদর্শকে গ্রহণ করেননি। এজন্য তিনি তাঁদের কঠোর সমালোচনাও করেছেন। তিনি অখণ্ড বাংলার ঐতিহাসিক প্রেক্ষাপট বর্ণনা করে দেখাতে চেয়েছেন যে, দুই বাংলার সংস্কৃতি কখনো অভিন্ন ছিল না এবং সে জন্যে ১৯৪৭ সনে বাংলা ভাগ হওয়ার পর সংস্কৃতিগত ভিন্নতার কারণে উভয় অঞ্চলের ভাষা-সাহিত্যও অভিন্ন হতে পারে না। তাঁর মতে – “১৯৪৭ সালের বাটোয়ারায় বাংলার 'আমিত্ব' পড়িয়াছে তৎকালীন পূর্ব-বাংলায়, আজিকার বাংলাদেশে। ঐ সংগে বাংলার জাতীয় আত্মাও আসিয়াছে এখানেই। আজিকার বাংলাদেশই তাই সমগ্র বাংলা।” (মনসুর, ১৯৯৫ : ১৫৪ ) বিভাগ-পূর্ব বাংলার রাজধানী কলকাতা হওয়ায় ও কলকাতাকে কেন্দ্র করেই বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যের সমৃদ্ধি ঘটায় স্বভাবতই তার নেতৃত্বে ছিল হিন্দুরা এবং সে অঞ্চলের ভাষাই হয়েছিল সাহিত্যের ভাষা, আর সাহিত্যের বিষয়বস্তু হয়েছিল পশ্চিমবঙ্গের জীবনাচরণ অর্থাৎ 'হিন্দুয়ানি সাহিত্য'। কিন্তু দেশ-বিভাগের পরে বাংলাদেশের রাজধানী ঢাকা হওয়ায় এবং ভাষা-সংস্কৃতির দিক থেকে বাংলাদেশ পূর্ব থেকে স্বতন্ত্র বৈশিষ্ট্যের অধিকারী হওয়ায় লেখক প্রচলিত বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যকে পশ্চিমবঙ্গীয় আখ্যা দিয়ে তাকে আর গ্রহণ করতে চাননি। আর সে জায়গায় প্রতিষ্ঠিত করতে চেয়েছেন পূর্ববঙ্গীয় ভাষা ও সাহিত্যকে কখনো বাংলাদেশের শিক্ষিত সমাজের অনুমোদন বা সমর্থন লাভ করেনি। এই প্রবন্ধে ঐতিহাসিক প্রেক্ষাপটে আবুল মনসুর আহমদের বাংলাভাষা-চিন্তার স্বাতন্ত্র্য, তাঁর সাহিত্যাদর্শ এবং এসব বিষয়ে প্রাজ্ঞজনের অভিমত আলোচিত হয়েছে।
গণআন্দোলন ও পার্টি-রাজনীতি : চিলেকোঠার সেপাই-র অভিজ্ঞতা
Authors: মোহাম্মদ আজম
Published: August 2024

চিলেকোঠার সেপাই উপন্যাসের বিষয় বাংলাদেশের ইতিহাসের এক সুপরিচিত অধ্যায় – উনসত্তরের গণঅভ্যুত্থান। সত্তরের নির্বাচন আর একাত্তরের মুক্তিযুদ্ধের সাথে কার্যকারণ- সম্পর্কে যুক্ত এই অভ্যুত্থানের ঘটনাক্রম ও জাতীয়তাবাদী তাৎপর্য লেখক এ উপন্যাসে বিশ্বস্ত ভঙ্গিতেই তুলে এনেছেন। তাতে প্রভাবশালী পার্টিগুলোর কার্যক্রম যেমন উঠে এসেছে, তেমনি শহর-গ্রামের আলাদা বাস্তবতাও চিহ্নিত হয়েছে। ইলিয়াস তাঁর বিশিষ্ট ভাষাভঙ্গি, অতুলনীয় ডিটেইল আর জীবনদৃষ্টির স্বাতন্ত্রে বহুস্তর ইতিহাসকে অনায়াসেই আঁটিয়ে নিয়েছেন উপন্যাসের আদলে। ইতিহাসকে উপন্যাসে রূপান্তরের সময় স্বভাবতই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ হয়ে উঠেছে লেখকের মূল্যায়ন ও পক্ষপাত। উপন্যাসসুলভ নিরাসক্তি অক্ষুণ্ণ রেখেই লেখক দেখিয়েছেন, পার্টি-রাজনীতি ও জাতীয়তাবাদী আন্দোলনের দিক থেকে উনসত্তরের গণঅভ্যুত্থান সফল হলেও গণআন্দোলনের মধ্যে বিচিত্র শ্রেণি-পেশার মানুষের যে আকাঙ্ক্ষা আর সম্ভাবনা জেগে উঠেছিল, তা সফল হতে পারেনি। ক্ষমতালিপ্সু আপসকামী পার্টি-রাজনীতিই এর প্রধান কারণ। অন্য কারণ মধ্যবিত্তের অপ্রস্তুতি। এ উপন্যাসে গণআন্দোলনের যে সংজ্ঞায়ন ঘটেছে, আন্দোলনের সূচনা ও সমাপ্তিতে পার্টি-রাজনীতির ভূমিকা আর উত্তুঙ্গ মুহূর্তগুলোতে আম-জনতার সক্রিয়তা যেভাবে চিহ্নিত হয়েছে, তা এক ‘বেহাত বিপ্লবে’র কথাই বলে৷ স্পষ্টতই শ্রেণি-রাজনীতির প্রতিই লেখকের পক্ষপাত। কিন্তু এই পক্ষপাত শ্রেণি-রাজনীতির বিপ্লবী তত্ত্বের ভিতে দাঁড়ায়নি। বরং বিদ্যমান ব্যবস্থার বহুমাত্রিক অন্যায্যতাই উৎপাদন ও বণ্টনে বুর্জোয়া-বিধির স্বচ্ছতা আর যুক্তির অনুপস্থিতি তাঁর সিদ্ধান্তের ভিত্তি। বিদ্যমান জাতীয়তাবাদী পার্টি-রাজনীতি কর্মসূচির সীমাবদ্ধতার কারণেই এই অন্যায্যতার প্রতিকার করতে পারবে না। যাদের সেই কর্মসূচি আছে, তারা কি পারবে? ইলিয়াস এ প্রশ্নে কোনো সিদ্ধান্তে পৌঁছাননি। কিন্তু গণ-মানুষের মুক্তির রাজনীতির কিছু তত্ত্বীয়-প্রায়োগিক পরীক্ষা-নিরীক্ষা আছে চিলেকোঠার সেপাই উপন্যাসে, যেখানে দেখা যায়, শ্রেণি-রাজনীতি কেবল জ্ঞানগত ফায়সালার ব্যাপার নয়, বরং গভীরভাবে সাংস্কৃতিক ও জীবনযাপনপদ্ধতির ব্যাপার। গণআন্দোলনে জেগে ওঠা সম্ভাবনার নিরিখে নতুন পার্টি- রাজনীতির তত্ত্বায়নচেষ্টা এ উপন্যাসের অন্যতম প্রধান লক্ষ্য।
আখ্যানতত্ত্বের আলোকে কাঞ্চনগ্রাম উপন্যাস
Authors: সুপ্রিয়া রানী দাস
Published: August 2024

আধুনিক বাংলা উপন্যাসের পূর্বরূপ আমরা পাই মধ্যযুগের মঙ্গলকাব্য ও পাঁচালীতে। কবিকঙ্কণ মুকুন্দরামকে বলাই হয় ঔপন্যাসিকদের পূর্বসূরি। দেব-দেবীর মাহাত্ম্যকীর্তনের পাশাপাশি লেখকের স্বতঃস্ফূর্ত ভাবধারার প্রকাশক এই ধরনের সাহিত্যকর্মগুলো। কাহিনিবিন্যাস, চরিত্রায়ণ ও আঙ্গিক কাঠামো পর্যালোচনা করে এই সাহিত্যকর্মগুলোকে বাংলা উপন্যাসের প্রাথমিক প্রচেষ্টা হিসেবে আখ্যায়িত করা অমূলক হবে না। ঊনবিংশ শতাব্দীর ষাটের দশকে বঙ্কিমচন্দ্রের হাতে সূচনা হয় সার্থক বাংলা উপন্যাসের। রচনারীতির ক্ষেত্রে বঙ্কিম আশ্রয় করেছিলেন ইউরোপীয় শিল্পাঙ্গিককে, পাশ্চাত্যের সাহিত্যের বিভিন্ন ফর্ম যেমন – ট্র্যাজেডি, রোমান্স প্রভৃতির সমাবেশ ঘটেছিল তাঁর রচনায়। এই ধারা চলেছিল বেশ কয়েক দশক। উপন্যাসের ক্ষেত্রে রবীন্দ্রনাথ বিশ্লেষণ করেন চরিত্রের মনস্তত্ত্বকে, শরৎচন্দ্র চরিত্রকে ঘিরে কাহিনি বয়ন করেন। অপরাপর লেখকদের মধ্যেও লক্ষ করা যায় যে, একটা প্লটকে স্থির করে তাঁরা উপন্যাস লিখেছেন। ১৯৩০-৪০-এর পর থেকে বাংলা উপন্যাস সাহিত্যে দৃষ্ট হয় উল্লেখযোগ্য ব্যতিক্রম। ইউরোপীয় ধারা থেকে ক্রমশ দেশজ ধারায় ফিরে আসার প্রবণতা লক্ষণীয় সতীনাথ ভাদুড়ীর ঢোঁড়াই চরিতমানস-এ এসে। এখানে লেখক প্লটকে ভেঙে দিয়ে মধ্যযুগের মঙ্গলকাব্যের আঙ্গিকে কথকতাধর্মী রীতিতে কাহিনি বিন্যস্ত করেছেন। এই রীতির উপন্যাসকেই আপাতভাবে আখ্যান হিসেবে ধরা হয়। শামসুদ্দীন আবুল কালামের কাঞ্চনগ্রাম উপন্যাসটিতে এই দেশজ ধারার আখ্যান-প্রবণতা অন্বেষণই আমাদের লক্ষ্য।
El bien jurídico protegido en el derecho penal: estado actual de la cuestión
Authors: Gonzales Espinoza Chedorlaomer Rubén , Gonzales Campos Robinson Octavio
Published: August 2024

This research paper presents the different opinions of national and international criminal doctrinarians regarding the debate on the legal good as the legitimising basis of criminal law. In the following points, the historical evolution of the discussion as mentioned earlier, the conceptions of the criminal legal good, the national jurisprudence linked to this subject, as well as, the positions of the protection of legal goods and the reestabilisation of the validity of the norm are developed. Once each of the points in the body of the research has been developed, the discussion of the problematic points is outlined, followed by a series of conclusions, recommendations, and a brief outline of this research’s contribution and social impact.
Tutela jurídica del concebido: desde el derecho latinoamericano hasta la reciente Ley N.º 31935
Authors: Agurto Gonzáles Carlos Antonio , Abanto Juan Pablo
Published: August 2024

The authors show that, throughout history, from Antiquity to the Modern Age, the law has always valued the protection of the conceived child. In our context, this idea was officially established for the first time in comparative law with the entry into force of the Peruvian Civil Code of 1984. In this sense, this paper critically analyzes Law n.o 31935, Law that recognises the rights of the conceived child, which, instead of being an advance in the protection of such rights, is presented as nonsense for the national legal system.
La crisis de gobernabilidad peruana por la escasa atención a las condiciones de la población
Authors: Bermúdez-Tapia Manuel
Published: August 2024

The evaluation of Peru’s political, economic and social reality over the last six years reveals an extremely complex context, because it has been evaluated mainly from a political and economic perspective without taking into consideration the interrelationship between variables that have influenced a period of instability of great magnitude. An endemic problem that can be linked to this process of instability is related to the scant attention paid to urban development and national demographic planning, given that the population resides in complex geographical spaces that limit the possibility of generating positive margins of inclusion where the provision of public services has been scarce. Within this framework, a study of the evaluation and development of cities in Peru is proposed in order to understand the contemporary context of the country.
Pengaruh Keteladanan Guru Terhadap Karakter Peserta Didik Di SMK Al-Furqon Bantarkawung Brebes Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Nur Fitri Saputri  , Edi Susanto  , Solekhul Amin
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh keteladanan guru terhadap pembentukan karakter peserta didik di SMK Al-Furqon Bantarkawung, Brebes, yang merupakan komponen penting dalam proses pendidikan. Guru tidak hanya berperan sebagai penyampaian materi, tetapi juga sebagai role model yang mempengaruhi sikap, perilaku, dan nilai-nilai peserta didik, baik di dalam maupun di luar kelas. Dalam konteks sosial yang penuh dengan konflik karakter, penelitian ini berupaya mengidentifikasi solusi melalui pendekatan keteladanan dalam pendidikan untuk membentuk aspek moral, spiritual, dan sosial siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Lokasi penelitiannya adalah SMK Al-Furqon Bantarkawung Brebes. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu 450 peserta didik. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 10% dari peserta didik SMK Al-Furqon Bantarkawung dari kelas X sampai kelas XII yang diambil secara acak (random sampling) dengan jumlah 45 peserta didik. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan kuesioner atau angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah rumus korelasi r product moment dan koefisien determinasi (KD) atau determination of coefficient (DC). Hasil perhitungan korelasi antara variabel x dan variabel y adalah sebesar 0,83. Selanjutnya dihitung dengan rumus KD = (rxy) 2 x 100% diperoleh hasil 69%. Kemudian dikonsultasikan dengan tabel interpretasi korelasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan korelasi antara keteladanan guru (variabel x) dan karakter peserta didik (variabel y) sebesar 0,83, dan setelah dihitung dengan KD, diperoleh hasil 69%, menunjukkan bahwa keteladanan guru memiliki pengaruh kuat dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah keteladanan guru berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pembentukan karakter peserta didik di SMK Al-Furqon Bantarkawung, dengan pengaruh sebesar 69%. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya peran guru sebagai teladan dalam membentuk karakter positif siswa.
Art in School: Monumental Painting in Swedish Educational Institutions at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Иванова А.А.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена появлению специальной монументальной живописи в шведских школах в 1897–1915 гг., когда было выполнено наибольшее число росписей и сформировалась единая национальная программа оформления такого типа пространств. Расцвет искусства для общественных пространств на рубеже веков совпал с прорывом в шведской педагогике и интересом к эстетическому воспитанию. Освещается новая роль искусства в школах, появление особых организаций, занимавшихся заказом и оплатой монументальных произведений, рассматривается перечень изображаемых тем и мотивов, а также их содержание как проявление общественной позиции и пропаганды внутри школьного образования.

The article is devoted to the appearance of special works of monumental painting in Swedish schools, during the period from 1897 to 1915, when the largest number of murals were executed and a unified national program for decorating this type of space was formed. The rise of art for public spaces at the turn of the century coincided with a breakthrough in Swedish pedagogy and interest in aesthetic education. The author considers the new role of art in schools, the emergence of special organizations engaged in ordering and paying for the creation of monumental works, the list of depicted themes and motifs, as well as their content, as manifestation of the public position and ideological propaganda within the school education.
Presentation, Radiologic Features, and Treatment Options of Congenital Tongue Tumors: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Maniaci Antonino , La Via Luigi , Lavalle Salvatore , Lentini Mario , Pavone Piero , Iannella Giannicola , Cocuzza Salvatore
Published: August 2024

AIM: Congenital tumors of the tongue are rare in pediatric patients but encompass a diverse range of entities. Each tumor type exhibits distinct clinical behaviors, necessitating a precise approach to differentiating the tumor types and a tailored, tumor-specific treatment regimen. Advanced imaging techniques, such as diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion studies, play a vital role in differentiating benign and malignant tongue tumors. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the presentation, imaging features, and treatment of congenital tongue tumors.   
METHODS: A literature review was conducted by searching studies on congenital tongue tumors in databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Relevant data, such as clinical features, radiologic characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes for different tumor types, were extracted from the selected articles.   
RESULTS: Our literature review reveals the various entities of congenital tongue tumors, which can be categorized in terms of hereditary pattern, phenotype, and rarity. Congenital tongue tumors include a range of vascular malformations, such as hemangiomas, lymphatic malformations, arteriovenous malformations, and venous malformations. Another entity is represented by cystic lesions, including dermoid cysts, epidermoid cysts, ranulas, and mucous retention cysts. Rare malignant neoplasms include teratomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. These tumor types vary in terms of swelling, respiratory distress, or impaired oral function, depending on size and location. The detection of these tumors can be carried out using imaging modalities, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography, which are utilized to facilitate diagnosis and differentiation. At present, surgical excision remains the cornerstone of treatment, while other modalities may be adopted, depending on tumor type and extent. The prognosis of congenital tongue tumors can be affected by tumor's site, size, involvement of vital structures, and malignancy.   
CONCLUSIONS: Given their diversity and complexity, congenital tongue tumors, albeit uncommon, require specialized clinical treatments tailored to each tumor type's characteristics. Understanding the variable presentations and imaging features enables accurate diagnosis, while customized treatment strategies are key to optimizing outcomes and minimizing morbidity in pediatric tongue tumors. This review summarizes current knowledge aimed at enhancing differential diagnosis and management of these diverse entities.
Effects of Thoracoscopic Right Upper Lobe Apical Segmentectomy on Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life in Early-Stage NSCLC Patients
Authors: Zhou Longshan , Shen Yuchao , Jin Xiaoping , Jing Jianfeng
Published: August 2024

AIM: Thoracoscopic lobectomy (TL) is an effective surgical approach for resecting tumor lesions in patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, TL may result in damage to normal lung tissue, potentially impacting prognosis. Thoracoscopic right upper lobe apical segmentectomy (TS) has been proposed as an alternative to improve surgical outcomes, but its impact on exercise capacity and quality of life remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TS on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with early-stage NSCLC. 
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 120 patients with early-stage NSCLC who underwent surgical treatment in Shangyu People's Hospital of Shaoxing between August 2020 and August 2023. The patients were divided into two groups based on the surgical approach: the TL group (n = 66) and the TS group (n = 54). The primary objective was to compare surgery-related indicators and the overall incidence of complications between the TS group and the TL group. Additionally, changes in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum ventilatory volume (MVV), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30) scores were evaluated before and after operation. 
RESULTS: The TS group showed significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss, chest drainage, and hospital stay compared to the TL group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the operation time and the number of lymph node dissections between the two groups after operation (p > 0.05). FVC, FEV1, MVV, and 6MWD values of the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation (p < 0.05). However, FVC, FEV1, MVV, and 6MWD in the TS group were significantly higher than those in the TL group (p < 0.05). The scores of roles, emotion, cognition, social function, and total health status in the two groups after operation were significantly higher than those before operation, and the scores of physical functions, shortness of breath, diarrhea, fatigue, pain, cough and insomnia were significantly lower than those before operation (p < 0.05). Compared to the TL group, the TS group showed higher scores of physical, social function dimensions, and total health status, as well as lower scores of fatigues, shortness of breath, insomnia, and pain (p < 0.05). 
CONCLUSIONS: TS treatment has less surgical trauma and a lower risk of complications for patients with early-stage NSCLC, which is beneficial for promoting postoperative recovery, reducing lung function damage and improving the quality of life of patients.