bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in surface temperature variability over Mumbai
Authors: NAIR SUSHMA , HOSALIKAR K.S.
Published: December 2021

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Observational evidence points to a warming trend in surface temperatures over the globe. This paper focuses on the trends in Maximum and Minimum temperatures over Mumbai. The temperature trends were investigated at different temporal scales from decadal to daily. The seasonal series were also investigated for trends in frequency of occurrences of extreme events. In general an increasing trend is observed over Mumbai, with the increase in Maximum temperatures more than the Minimum temperatures and statistically significant at 95% confidence level.  A seasonal distinction is evident with the warming more in the Winter and Post Monsoon seasons as compared to the Pre Monsoon and Monsoon seasons at both the inter-annual and intra-seasonal scales of investigation. The seasonal distinction was also evident in the extreme temperature analysis. The frequency of occurrences in the hot days and hot nights were more pronounced in the Pre Monsoon and Monsoon seasons as compared to the Winter and Post Monsoon seasons. Symmetric warming trend was observed for both the daytime and nighttime temperatures at both the stations in all the seasons though the variations at Santacruz are statistically insignificant in the Post-Monsoon season
Selectivity of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana to adults of Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
Authors:   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Battisti Lucas , Warmling Jheniffer Valmira ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Vieira Claudinei de Freitas ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Oliveira Darlin Henrique Ramos de ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Lima Yuri Renan Alves de ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Bueno Adeney de Freitas ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Potrich Michele ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Lozano Everton Ricardi ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Published: December 2021

The selectivity of entomopathogenic fungi to non-target organisms needs to be considered in Integrated Pest Management (IPM), because even though they are biological control agents, if used incorrectly, they can negatively alter the functioning of agroecosystems. Therefore, studies that assess the selectivity of these fungi to beneficial organisms are extremely important. The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metarril®) and Beauveria bassiana (Boveril®) to adults of Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), under laboratory conditions. The products were evaluated on adult females of T. podisi, at the concentrations recommended by the manufacturer. To this, 0.2 mL of suspensions of each product and control (treatments) were applied to the inner surface of glass tubes, and then a female T. podisi was placed in it (≤ 48 h of emergence). After 24 h of contact, cards with 25 eggs of Euschistus heros Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were offered for 24 h (COF24). After this period, the COF24 were withdrawn. After 72 h of contact of the female with the tube surface, new E. heros egg cards were made available (COF72) for 24 h for T. podisi ovipositioning. The mortality of T. podisi females was evaluated daily to determine longevity, percentage of parasitism and emergence, sex ratio, and egg-adult period of the T. podisi offspring. Metarril® and Boveril®, considered selective for adult females of T. podisi, did not negatively affect most of the parameters evaluated.
Implementing the Race Equality Action Plan
Authors: Roberts Ronald
Published: December 2021

The Welsh Government’s Race Equality Action Plan sets out to tackle structural racial inequalities in Wales in order to make ‘meaningful and measurable changes to the lives of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic people by tackling racism’ and achieve ‘a Wales that is anti-racist by 2030’. The consultation closed in July and responses are currently being reviewed. Delivering on this ambitious vision will require concerted and carefully thought-through actions. The Welsh Government and public bodies are going to need to establish a very clear set of priorities and metrics to ensure accountability for achieving measurable race equality improvements. Building on the recommendations in WCPP’s evidence reviews on improving race equality in Wales, which informed the development of the Race Equality Action Plan, this commentary highlights some of the steps that might be necessary or helpful to make good on the Plan’s aims.
Collaboration and co-production with Black, Asian and minority ethnic students: working in partnership with our students to inform and deliver access and participation practice
Authors: Lloyd Heather , Kaur Reena
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the topic of UK-domiciled undergraduate students from Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) backgrounds not accessing, succeeding and progressing as well as their White peers in Higher Education (HE) has gained increased policy and media attention. Institutions are
required to address gaps amongst student groups that are underrepresented within HE, including students from BAME backgrounds, through their Office for Students' (OfS) regulated Access and Participation Plan (APP). This paper offers specific examples of how Edge Hill University, a university
in North West England, has begun to approach this work in the new regulatory environment. APPs now place an increased emphasis upon research informed practice, student engagement, consultation, and evaluation. This innovative practice article provides a detailed example of genuine collaboration
and coproduction with students to develop and deliver APP work, and extends an earlier presentation delivered at the March 2021 Open University Access Participation and Success International Biennial Conference. In this article, the authors outline the development of a new Diversity Access
Programme and a BAME Student Advisory Panel. The paper offers a reflective account of how APP leads, Widening Participation (WP) practitioners, evaluators and students can work together effectively in partnership to design and deliver WP initiatives.
How do we talk about race…and mental health?
Authors: Butcher John , Awan Rehana , Gray Darren
Published: December 2021

This paper reports research undertaken with Access students at the UK Open University which sought to address the Black awarding gap through an intersectional approach. Noting Black students were less likely than White students to declare a mental health disability (for which institutional
support would be triggered), the authors explored Black students' reasons for non-disclosure using an ethically sensitive methodology. A self-selecting sample of Black students were interviewed by Black tutors, resulting in deep insights into the lived experiences of Black students. Due
to the challenging personal stories elicited, these were presented as five composite personas. Institutional recommendations around the need for enhanced cultural competence amongst staff, and more inclusive language in policy implementation may also address issues across the sector.
#Ibelong: Towards a sense of belonging in an inclusive learning environment
Authors: Thomas Liz
Published: December 2021

#Ibelong is an Erasmus+ project delivering a suite of evidence-informed interventions to improve the belonging and success of students who are first-generation entrants, from ethnic minorities or have a ‘migrant background’. The activities operate at course or programme
level and involve working with both staff and students. This article provides a rationale for the #Ibelong programme of activities by drawing on relevant research and describing the three interconnected interventions: Dialogue Days, Team Teacher Reflection and Community Mentoring. The
interventions were evaluated using Programme Theory evaluation tools: theory of change and logic chains. The descriptions highlight activities that have worked well, how delivery has been adapted from in-person to online delivery, and evidence of short-term benefits and medium-term outcomes.
The article concludes by reflecting on how this suite of interventions could be used by other courses, universities and sectors, to improve the belonging and success of diverse students and staff.
Production of bacterial cellulose films by Gluconoacetobacter xylinus for lipase immobilization
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Kim Anh  , Huynh Bao Ngan  , Thai Hoang Nguyen Vu  , Tran Thi Nhu Hao  , Truong Thi Thu  , Vu Tran Khanh Linh
Published: December 2021

Bacterial cellulose (BC), a microbial polysaccharide, has chemically equivalent structure to plant cellulose with unbranched pellicle structure of only glucose monomers. Due to the unique nanostructure, BC has great potential in enzyme immobilization. In this study, the effects of different cultivation conditions including rotational speed, initial inoculum concentration and medium pH on the film-like cellulosic biomass formation of Gluconacetobacter xylinus JCM 9730 were examined. The resultant BC films were then studied for its feasibility in the immobilization of lipase, a widely used enzyme in biotechnological and industrial processes including food, pharmaceutical, chemical and paper industries. Results showed that increasing in rotational speed from 0 rpm to 200 rpm converted cellulose-producing cells to non-cellulose-producing ones, leading to a significant decline in BC film formation. The increase in initial inoculum size from 0.01 g/L to 0.1 g/L reduced sugar concentration and surface area of the medium, and therefore inhibiting the formation of film-like cellulosic biomass. In addition, the optimum pH range of Acetobacter species from 5.4 – 6.3 was found not optimal for BC film formation. The highest amount of film-like cellulosic biomass of 19.01 g/L was obtained under static condition (0 rpm) with initial cell concentration of 0.04 g/L and initial pH of 4.0. The BC film samples were then acetylated with acetic anhydride/iodine system to convert the hydroxyl groups to less hydrophilic acetyl groups and were used for lipase immobilization. Results showed that lipase immobilized on acetylated BC still maintained its lipid hydrolytic activity. It can be hence concluded that BC films produced by G. xylinus JCM 9730 were potential for lipase immobilization.
Research technology of cultivation of spirulina algae with the use of CO2 hidden from the smoke of rice husk boiler
Authors: Trinh Van Dung  , Phan Quoc Thinh  , Nguyen Quoc Dat  , Pham Van Hung
Published: December 2021

This paper presents an investigation of Spirulina algae cultivation by the CO2 gas emitted from the combustion of rice husk. The gas emitted from the rice husk combustion containing CO2 but no toxic gas of SOx. The CO2 molecules are absorbed into the micro-algae cultivation medium and then converted into the HCO3 by the assimilation of Spirulina. At the same time, the pH values are controlled to be from 8.5 to 9.5, which is suitable for Spirulina algae. At the first seven days of cultivation in Zarrouk medium the values of Spirulina algae biomass and pH increase from 0.05 g/l and 8.5 to 1.0 g/l and 10.2, respectively. On the 8th day, when the amount of 7,6 % CO2  v/v under 35–40 ºC and 1 atm is introduced into the above medium, the decrease of pH from 10.2 to 8.6 is observed. This pH value, which is maintained over the following days, is optimal for the growth yield of the Spirulina. As a result, the biomass concentration increases from 1.0 to 1.4 g/l. The obtained results are compared with those of the control sample from Zarrouk medium without gas introduction. For the latter case, the biomass reaches the maximum and then decreases. On the basis of the obtained results, the cultivation of Spirulina algae by using the CO2 molecules emitted from the combustion of rice husk can be applied practically.
Hydrophobic and hydrophilic drug loading capacity of micro diatom frustule from diatomite
Authors: Le Thi Duy Hanh
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work was to strengthen the evidence of using micro diatom frustule as a promising candidate for drug loading materials for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drug models. The morphological, surface elemental composition of diatomite powder, a raw source of micro diatom frustules and purified diatomite to collect micro diatom frustule were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed again the porous silica structure of micro diatom structure as well as validated a necessity of raw diatomite purification before using. UV- vis was used to measure drug loading content of untreated and treated surface of micro diatom frustule with maximum loading for hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs after 24 hours were at 5.48 ± 0.42% and 5.70 ± 0.34, respectively. Moreover, we also proved that the ability of drug adsorption on materials surface by the reduction of specific surface area and pore size of micro diatom frustule after loading using a (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) BET method. Besides, the hydrophobic loading capacity of materials was affected by surface modification. Based on the results, micro diatom frustule showed a potential for a drug delivery system.
Graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots: Synthesis and applications
Authors: Dang Dinh Khoi
Published: December 2021

Graphitic-carbon nitride quantum dots (g-CNQDs), a rising star in the carbon nitride family, has shown great potential in many fields including chemical and biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibility, stable fluorescence, high quantum yield, and nontoxicity. For this reason, enormous efforts have been devoted to optimizing synthetic methods and structures of g-CNQDs to discover the inner properties and structural features in the intriguing system. Also, a vast number of studies have been pursued to discuss the potential applications of g-CNQDs in chemical and biomedical areas. In this review, recent advances in synthesis and applications of g-CNQDs were summarized and the future challenges as well as opportunities of these g-CNQDs in the chemical and biomedical fields will be highlighted.
Quizlet as a Tool for Enhancing Autonomous Learning of English Vocabulary
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Thuy , Nguyen Dinh Tri , Nguyen Dang Le Quoc Khanh , Mai Huy Hoang , Le Thi Thanh Xuan
Published: December 2021

L2 vocabulary learning seems to be one of the biggest challenges for many language major students as lexical knowledge involves productive understanding of its many components, including the form, meaning, and application of the terms (Nation, 2001). It is, therefore, necessary to find appropriate language education tactics and instruments for the successful and efficient acquisition of this aspect of the L2. Among advancements in the field of educational technology, Quizlet was invented with the hope that learners could effectively acquire L2 vocabulary in the absence of the teacher. In this study, the researchers want to figure out if Quizlet is helpful in assisting students in learning English vocabulary. They would also like to identify the difficulties that learners may encounter when using the application for their self-study. A quantitative survey was conducted on 100 English major freshmen and sophomores at a university in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Results reveal that Quizlet plays an active role in facilitating self-study of English vocabulary. A remarkable finding is that an application seems to provide an entertaining learning environment, which in turn enhances learning motivation. Besides, a couple of limitations of the app, namely distracting ads and limited mobile learning functionality, have also been identified.
DFT based investigation of the structural, magnetic, electronic, and half-metallic properties of solid In1-xTixSb solutions
Authors: Amrani S. , Berber M. , Mebrek M.
Published: December 2021

With the intention to reveal the effect of the substitution, Ti-doped InSb alloy, we accomplished a first-principles prediction within the FPLAPW+lo method. We used GGA-PBEsol scheme attached with the improved TB-mBJ approach to predict structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of In1-xTixSb with concentration x=0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 0.875, and 1. Our lattice parameters are found in favorable agreement with the available theoretical and experimental data. The calculation shows that all structures are energetically stable. The substitutional doping transforms the ionic character of the InSb compound in half-metallic ferromagnetic comportment for concentration x = 0, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.50, with a spin polarization of 100% at the Fermi level, and metallic nature for In0.25Ti0.75Sb and In0.125Ti0.875Sb. The total magnetic moments are also estimated at about 1 mu;B. In0.875Ti0.125Sb, In0.75Ti0.25Sb, and In0.50Ti0.50Sb have half-metallic ferromagnets comportment and they can be upcoming applicants for spintronics applications.
actualidad del pensamiento de Henry Evelyn Bliss y la organización del conocimiento multidimensional
Authors: Moraes Rosana Portugal Tavares de , Campos Maria Luiza de Almeida
Published: December 2021

Ambientes multidimensionales congregan recursos informacionales de soportes, formatos y naturalezas diferenciadas, poseen amplia cobertura temática y un diversificado público usuario. El tratamiento informacional en esos ambientes es desafiador, sobre todo en lo que se refiere a la elaboración de estructuras conceptuales. Este artículo trató de demostrar cómo la teoría desarrollada por Bliss, en la primera mitad del siglo pasado, para apoyar la construcción de su esquema de clasificación – Bibliographic Classification – puede ser considerada actual, por haber trabajado en ella en los principios apreciados al modelo conceptual de dominios multidimensionales. Fueron abordados algunos puntos discutidos en la literatura contemporánea, que favorecen la representación del conocimiento multidimensional, como: el principio de la división; las relaciones; el abordaje sintético (facetada) y la claridad terminológica; que, en cierta forma, ya habían sido prenunciados por Bliss (1929, 1933). Se concluye que, con respecto a los puntos discutidos, los principios presentados por Bliss pueden ser considerados actuales por la adhesión a aspectos relevantes de representación del conocimiento multidimensional.
Aerosol box for intubation of patients with suspected COVID-19: simulation study
Authors: Álvarez Robles Saúl , Torres Contreras Claudia Consuelo , Rivera Carvajal Raquel , Lucigniani Ariza Víctor Manuel , Vivas García Sonia Margarita
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Endotracheal intubation is a procedure associated with a high level of exposure to the COVID-19 virus. This has led to the search of alternatives to reduce the risk of contamination, including the so-called aerosol box.
Objective: To compare time and difficulty of orotracheal intubation when using the aerosol box in a simulated setting.
Methodology: Observational study conducted with the participation of 33 anesthetist physicians and anesthesia residents; groups were compared in terms of time and intubation difficulty using a conventional Macintosh laryngoscope and the McGRATH™ MAC (Medtronic) videolaryngoscope with or without aerosol box. In order to determine performance with the intubation maneuver, crude hazard ratios were estimated, and a Cox multivariate regression model was built, adjusted by anesthetist years of experience and difficulties during the procedure.
Results: On average, the aerosol box increased intubation time by 7.57 seconds (SD 8.33) when the videolaryngoscope was used, and by 6.62 (SD 5.74) with the Macintosh. Overall, 132 intubations were performed, with 121 successful and 6 failed first-time attempts (4 with the use of the aerosol box); 16 participants (48.48%) reported difficulty handling the box. With the use of the Macintosh, intubation was found to be faster than with the videolaryngoscope (cHR: 1.36 [95% CI 0.64-2.88]; adjusted HR: 2.20 [95% CI 0.73-6.62]).
Conclusions: The use of the aerosol box and personal protective equipment in a simulation setting hinders the intubation maneuver and may result in protracted execution time.
A Bayesian Approach to Morphological Models Characterization
Authors: Figliuzzi Bruno , Montaux-Lambert Antoine , Willot François , Naudin Grégoire , Dupuis Pierre , Querleux Bernard , Huguet Etienne
Published: December 2021

Morphological models are commonly used to describe microstructures observed in heterogeneous materials. Usually, these models depend upon a set of parameters that must be chosen carefully to match experimental observations conducted on the microstructure. A common approach to perform the parameters determination is to try to minimize an objective function, usually taken to be the discrepancy between measurements computed on the simulations and on the experimental observations, respectively. In this article, we present a Bayesian approach for determining the parameters of morphological models, based upon the definition of a posterior distribution for the parameters. A Monte Carlo Markov Chains (MCMC) algorithm is then used to generate samples from the posterior distribution and to identify a set of optimal parameters. We show on several examples that the Bayesian approach allows us to properly identify the optimal parameters of distinct morphological models and to identify potential correlations between the parameters of the models.
Horizontal innovation and ambidextrous organization: a new innovation model applied in a mature industrial company
Authors: Alvares Antonio Carlos Teixeira , Barbieri José Carlos , Morais Dafne Oliveira Carlos de
Published: December 2021

Objective of the study: Analyze how Horizontal Innovation enables a company to produce radical and incremental innovations, making it ambidextrous.Methodology/approach: The research is a case study at a mature Brazilian company that puts Horizontal Innovation based on its Employee Suggestion System (ESS) into practice. A total of 18 interviews were conducted, including: all 4 directors and all 10 managers of the organization, in addition to 2 coordinators and 2 researchers.Originality/Relevance: The paper creates and defines the concept of Horizontal Innovation: a type of innovation that originates from all employees, usually stemming from an ESS. The study shows, based on continual ESS operations, how a company can achieve ambidexterity and systematically produce incremental, radical products and processes.Main results: ESS produces radical innovations as well as incremental ones, although the latter occur more frequently, and lead to Horizontal Innovations. The systematic search for Horizontal Innovations paves the way for a company to become ambidextrous, promoting, with the same competence, these two types of innovation.Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study contributes to the debate that defends the viability of innovative ambidexterity, and to new insights that clarify how a culture that stimulates ambidexterity can influence the ambidextrous behavior of employees through Horizontal InnovationPractical implications: A new type of innovation is proposed and described, reinforcing the value of an ESS as an important management tool. The case enables comparisons and contrasts with others for best practices benchmarking.
BETWEEN HIRED LABOUR AND SERFDOM. DOCTRINAL AND POLITICAL DILEMMAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF SOVIET UNION
Authors: Patulski Andrzej
Published: December 2021

This article is an analysis of labour idea in the Marxist vision of a communist society as well as in the pre- and the post-revolutionary (1917) bolshevist thought. It attempts to answer the question, whether the theory and practice of the soviet country in the field of understanding labour and its value was or was not the contradiction to the Marxist vision of labour in a communist society.
FLEXIBLE FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT. A PANORAMIC VIEW OF THE ISSUES FROM PERSPECTIVE OF LABOUR LAW
Authors: Wratny Jerzy
Published: December 2021

The notion and the classification of the flexible forms of employment including working time solutions and work carried out under civil law contracts have been presented in the study. The premises of the growing flexibility of employment in technological, economic and social aspects have been discussed as well. According to the opinion of the author flexibility of employment is an ambiguous fenomenon having at the same time chances and threats both. Although the role of the state and legal system is to protect workers from negative results of some solutions.
PRAXEOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF WORKING TIME
Authors: Żołyński Janusz
Published: December 2021

Praxeological dimension of working time is undoubtedly influenced by current sociopolitical system invoking the axiology being commonly recognized values. This means that in enacting public and legal regulations the state may not isolate the employees facing exceptional hardship or even unforeseeable situations assuming the form of peculiar force majeure. Thus, both employees’ wellbeing and the welfare in general are vital. For that reason the labour law should praxeologically be a way to control real situations and the needs of working people and the society. The labour law should also praxeologically create a system of institutions reconciling social emotions in order to protect social peace which constitutes common welfare.
ON THE PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY CO-EXSISTENCE – REFLECTIONS ON THE SELECTED PROVISIONS OF THE LABOUR CODE
Authors: Dykas Kamila
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyze the concept of the principles of community co-exsistence in the context of selected provisions of the Labor Code that refer to them, i.e. articles 8, 100 § 2 point 6 and 94 point 10 of the Labour Code. It refers to the application of the principles of community co-exsistence as a criterion for the abuse of rights of parties to the employment relationships, as well as guidelines for the proper conduct of employees - who are obliged to respect them and employers - who should influence their establishment in the workplace.
GENERAL ASSUMPTIONS CHARACTERISING EMPLOYMENT IN LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT (A COMPARISON WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONING OF THE CIVIL SERVICE CORPS)
Authors: Góral Zbigniew
Published: December 2021

The study presents the assumptions of the general legal regulation concerning persons employed in local self-government, confronted with the purpose and principles of the civil service. The first part shows the mutual relations between the legislation concerning the status of local self-government employees and the acts on the civil service from a historical perspective. The second part comprises comments on the legislation in force at present, including constitutional regulations. It was emphasised that the similarities between the regulations on local self-government and civil service are significant. This also applies to the principles on which employment in local self-government and civil service is based. In the case of regulations concerning local self-government, only the principle of political neutrality was not included, which may raise doubts.
THE LEGAL STATUS OF SECURITY PERSONNEL. SELECTION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECTS
Authors: Kowalczyk Aneta
Published: December 2021

By introducing detailed regulations concerning the requirements to be met by a candidate for security personnel, the legislator determined the specificity of employment for this group of professionals. The basic and fundamental question in terms of rules of employment is whether access to this profession should be regulated, or whether deregulation would be the right solution?
The Polish legislator decided on partial deregulation in terms of the aforementioned group of employees. This deregulation manifests itself in the fact that a person performing tasks and duties of a security guard is not required to possess a licence for that kind of professional activities, while maintaining the qualification requirements neccesary of certain activities named by the legislator. It appears that the main reason for limited deregulation was a desire to maintain the prestige of the profession, which could have been enhanced by provisions introducing the requirement to hold a license. However, it should be emphasized that another reason for restricting access to the profession is a matter of security. The dualism of regulations in this respect, however
DO THE PROVISIONS REGULATING THE TERMS OF EMPLOYMENT OF POSTED WORKERS, AS MANDATORY PROVISIONS, ENSURE THE PROTECTION OF THE EMPLOYEE?
Authors: Rogacka-Łukasik Anna
Published: December 2021

All employment relationships, including strictly employment relationships, may be related to the legal areas of two or more countries, which raises the question of the law applicable to a specific legal relationship. The Rome I Regulation has a key importance in determining the applicable law to which the employment relationship is to be subjected. In this respect, the decree of Art. 8 of the Regulation has a fundamental importance, which was analyzed in the first part of this publication. However, the mechanism according to which the lex labori will be corrected by the provisions forcing their application, the issues of which are presented later in the publication, should be distinguished from the scheme presented in the above-mentioned regulation. According to the EU legislator, one of the matters of employment relationships regulated by such provisions is the standardization of the terms and conditions of employment of employees posted to perform work in the territory of a European Union Member State. Answers to the question whether it is appropriate to assign a nature of the rules enforcing its application provisions to this regulation (concerning the terms and conditions of employment of posted workers) has been made at the end of this publication.
ARBITRATION JUDICIARY – NEW QUALITY OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Authors: Kałużny Tomasz
Published: December 2021

Arbitration judiciary, often referred to as arbitration, is commonly presented in the literature as one of the alternative methods of dispute resolution. The objections to the irregularities of the judicial state system and legitimate expectations in terms of reducing the time and costs of the proceedings guarantee the parties real access to court and protection of their rights by drawing up an arbitration clause. As part of the mutual relations of arbitration with respect to alternative dispute resolution methods, it should be emphasized that arbitration is a real alternative to the state justice administered by the common courts. It is also worth pointing to the possibilities and the need for disputes resolution by arbitration constituting as an important addition to the course of justice made by courts. The consistent intention to resolve the conflict reflected in the arbitration agreement and the exceptional opportunities for the parties to participate in the arbitration proceedings constitute a new content of the culture and legal awareness of citizens and the creation of modern mutual relations between the parties of broadly understood civil law relations. An arbitration clause, the implementation of arbitration proceedings and the resolution of a dispute within the framework of arbitration may and should therefore constitute a new quality in the administration of justice.
A FEW WORDS ABOUT FAMILY PENSION, FAMILY EMOLUMENT AND PROPORTIONALITY OF THE BENEFIT
Authors: Wypych-Żywicka Alina
Published: December 2021

Family pension entitlement applies to children up to the age of 25. If the subject has reached this age in the last year of studies in a higher school, family pension entitlement extends until the end of studies. The problem is the interpretation of the phrase ‘in the last year of studies in a higher school’. It is unknown whether its meaning is limited only to the higher education (up to master’s degree) or whether it covers all forms of studies conducted by a higher school. Extending the meaning of this phrase shall cause the category of children entitled to the family pension to enlarge significantly, because entitled shall be those children who are students as well as those who take up postgraduate or doctoral studies. Such an interpretation seems to go too far. The conditions for acquiring the right to a family emolument after the deceased performing the profession of the judge also need to be specified.
COVID-19 AND SICKNESS INSURANCE BENEFITS (SELECTED ISSUES)
Authors: Napiórkowska Anna
Published: December 2021

The Act of 2 March 2020 on special solutions related to the prevention, counteraction and combating of COVID‑19, other infectious diseases and crisis situations caused by them introduced a preferential sickness allowance for certain insured persons (i.e. insured persons who are employed in medical entities; insured persons who are employed in social assistance organisational units providing twenty-four-hour services, night shelters and other facilities providing twenty-four-hour care to persons with disabilities, the chronically ill or the elderly; insured persons carrying out the tasks of a member of the voluntary fire brigade). The article analyses the changes made to the legal regulation and the differences between them (e.g. right to sick pay and sickness allowance or only to sickness allowance). The article also draws attention to certain irregularities in the practical application of these provisions.
A CASH EQUIVALENT FOR UNUSED LEAVE OF A POLICE OFFICER.PROBLEMS OF JURISPRUDENCE OF POLICE BODIES RELATED TO THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF ART. 115A OF THE POLICE ACT
Authors: Maciejko Wojciech
Published: December 2021

The article presents the difficulties that, in the application of, currently, both for public administration bodies and administrative courts, art. 115a of the Police Act. In the conclusions it was stated that one of the sources of misunderstandings on the background of this regulation is the duality of the legal form of action used by the Police authorities specifying the right to a police equivalent, i.e. the company of a material and technical act when the law is granted, and the form of an administrative decision when it occurs to refuse to accept the officer’s request.
Retrotopie po nowomarchijsku. Zapiski na marginesie teorii Zygmunta Baumana
Authors: Dudziak Maciej J.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to apply, more or less, the definition-based understanding of retrotopia according to Bauman in the interpretation of local events that occurred both in the first half of the 20th and 21st centuries in the today’s Middle Odra Region, historically the land which comprised Neumark.
Teatr a sprawa Boska. Golgota Picnic, Klątwa, O twarzy. Wizerunek Syna Boga – czyli spektakle obrażające uczucia religijne widziane oczami teologa
Authors: Sanecka Anna
Published: December 2021

Social protests connected with the performances of “Golgotha Picnic”, “The Curse” or “On the Concept of the Face Regarding the Son of God” arouses an understandable interest of the theologian in the phenomenon of “slighting of religious feelings” and the reasons why these stage works evoke such reactions. The article presents an analysis of the content of the mentioned above performances in the context of the words of the Bible as well as the teachings of different Christian Churches. It is aimed at finding points (scenes) in which the content presented on the stage is inconsistent with Christian teaching, distorts it or presents it in an ironic way. The article also tries to find potential artistic justifications for such performances. Referring to earlier published artistic reviews, rather than scientific publications, it defines common features that characterize performances that offend religious feelings, but also indicates areas where the situation of slighting of such feelings is not unambiguous. The article does not deny the possibility that someone’s feelings have been touched or slighted by the discussed performances, but it points out the possibility that the offense of religious feelings is more the result of knowledge, motivation or attitude of the audience than from the presented content itself.
Examining Small-Town Growth and Expansion in Peri-urban Areas of Small Cities: Evidence from Peripheries of Three Small Cities in Central Java
Authors: Mardiansjah Fadjar Hari , Sugiri Agung , Ma'rif Samsul
Published: December 2021

Urbanization in small and medium-sized cities in Java is marked by an urban expansion process to the surrounding areas, forming the growing small towns in their peripheries. Using the case of the extended urban areas of Tegal, Pekalongan and Magelang in Central Java, this study examined small-town growth and development in peri-urban areas of small and medium cities. It first looked at the growth of small towns in the peri-urban areas of these small cities and then identified various factors and mechanisms that contribute to the formation, growth and expansion of small towns. The study further looked into the challenges and implications of the trend toward policies for managing such processes more sustainably. The growth of urbanized villages in some kabupatens (non-urban districts or regencies) surrounding these small cities, as documented by the national statistical board  from 1990 to 2017, was used as the basis for analyzing these factors. This paper concludes with a discussion on the challenges and policy implications for growing small towns. The findings of this study can be useful for formulating a better approach to managing urbanization processes in the future.
 
Abstrak. Urbanisasi kota-kota kecil dan menengah di Jawa ditandai dengan proses perluasan kota ke wilayah sekitarnya, membentuk kota-kota kecil yang berkembang di pinggirannya. Dengan menggunakan kasus perluasan wilayah Tegal, Pekalongan dan Magelang di Jawa Tengah, penelitian ini mengkaji pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota kecil di wilayah pinggiran kota kecil dan menengah. Ini pertama-tama melihat pertumbuhan kota-kota kecil di daerah pinggiran kota-kota kecil ini dan kemudian mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor dan mekanisme yang berkontribusi pada pembentukan, pertumbuhan, dan perluasan kota-kota kecil. Studi ini lebih jauh melihat tantangan dan implikasi dari tren terhadap kebijakan untuk mengelola proses tersebut secara lebih berkelanjutan. Pertumbuhan desa urban di beberapa kabupaten (kabupaten atau kabupaten non-urban) di sekitar kota-kota kecil tersebut, sebagaimana didokumentasikan oleh BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) dari tahun 1990 hingga 2017, digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor tersebut. Makalah ini diakhiri dengan diskusi tentang tantangan dan implikasi kebijakan untuk pertumbuhan kota-kota kecil. Temuan studi ini dapat berguna untuk merumuskan pendekatan yang lebih baik untuk mengelola proses urbanisasi di masa depan.
 
Kata kunci. Jawa Tengah, kota kecil, urbanisasi, ekspansi kota.
Re-examining Aristotle’s Categories as a Knowledge Organization System
Authors: Dobreski Brian
Published: December 2021

In his Categories, Aristotle details the kinds of being that exist, along with what can be understood and predicated of existing things. Most notably within this work, Aristotle advances a set of ten, top-level categories that can be used to classify all kinds of being. Even today, the influence of the Categories is felt in many domains, particularly in knowledge organization (KO). Here, Aristotle’s Categories bear deep, long-standing connections with works examining categorization, subject analysis, and theory of classification. Though its relation to ontology might seem obvious, connections to KO perspectives on knowledge organization systems (KOSs) and ontological modeling are curiously lacking. The aim of this work is to offer a re-examination of the Categories as a KOS, particularly through the lens of the KO field’s understandings of ontology. Utilizing Zeng’s classification of KOSs as a theoretical framework, this study draws parallels between the first two sections of the Categories and the defining features of ontologies and offers an initial ontological model of this work. The results of this re-examination stand to offer a new view of a fundamental work in the KO canon, draw further connections between past and present perspectives in KO, and further contribute to the theoretical grounding of contemporary KOS research and practice.
Das Recht der Nachrichtendienste: Missstände, Entwicklungen und Perspektiven eines Rechtsgebiets in der Findungsphase
Authors: Barczak Tristan
Published: December 2021

The law governing the German intelligence services lacks a consistent concept, is non-transparent, fragmented and in urgent need of reform. In May 2020, the First Senate of the Federal Constitutional Court held that the Federal Intelligence Service (Bundesnachrichtendienst - BND) is bound by the fundamental rights of the Basic Law when conducting telecommunications surveillance of foreigners in other countries (so-called Foreign-Foreign Strategic Surveillance), and that the statutory bases in their current design violate the fundamental right to the privacy of telecommunication and freedom of the press. The judgment put an end to the long-running discussion about whether intelligence operations abroad are suitable for statutory regulation at all. Moreover, the Constitutional Court’s decision provided the impetus for one of the most significant reforms in recent German security law. By April 2021, the amendment of the BND Act was finally on the books. It will enter into force in January 2022. It codifies important new rules about the practice, authorization and oversight of foreign data collection by the BND as well as legal requirements for Germany’s participation in international intelligence cooperation. The reform’s provisions implement the constitutional requirements, as stated in the judgement, almost literally. Nonethele⁠ss, the reform created a number of new problems and left major deficits in German intelligence law unresolved. It is far from creating a clear and consistent legal framework for the activities of the three federal intelligence services, in particular their surveillance practices. The article outlines the major shortcomings, developments and perspectives in this field of security law.
Parkinson Hastalığında Depresif Belirtiler ve Fiziksel Aktivite Seviyesi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KOÇ Selin , RAMAZANOĞLU Engin , TALU Burcu
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Parkinson hastalığında depresif belirtiler ile fiziksel aktivite seviyesi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir.

Yöntemler: Bu prospektif çalışmaya; Mart 2018- Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasında yaşları 58-89 arasında değişen 25 kadın (%36, 2), 44 erkek (%63, 8) olmak üzere toplam 69 hasta dahil edildi. Parkinson hastalarında depresif belirtilerin şiddetini belirlemek için Hamilton Depresyon Değerlendirme Ölçeği, fiziksel aktivite seviyesini belirlemek için Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Ölçeği (Kısa Form) kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Tüm hastalarda ve erkeklerde; uluslararası fiziksel aktivite ölçeği ve hamilton depresyon değerlendirme ölçeği arasında negatif yönde orta şiddette anlamlı korelasyon görülürken, kadınlarda istatiksel olarak anlamlı korelasyon bulunmamaktadır. Tüm hastalarda, kadınlarda ve erkeklerde yaş ile uluslararası fiziksel aktivite ölçeği arasında negatif yönde orta şiddette anlamlı korelasyon görüldü. Tüm hastalarda ve kadınlarda hamilton depresyon değerlendirme ölçeği ile yaş arasında; pozitif yönde orta şiddette anlamlı korelasyon bulunurken, erkeklerde pozitif yönde yüksek şiddette anlamlı korelasyon bulundu. Tüm hastalarda ve kadınlarda vücut kütle indeksi ve hamilton depresyon değerlendirme ölçeği arasında; pozitif yönde orta şiddette anlamlı korelasyon görülürken, erkeklerde pozitif yönde zayıf korelasyon görüldü.

Sonuç: Parkinson hastalarında fiziksel aktivite seviyesi arttıkça depresif belirtiler düzeyinin azaldığı bulundu. Yaş arttıkça, fiziksel aktivitenin azaldığı ve depresif belirtiler düzeyinde artış olduğu gözlendi. Ayrıca vücut kütle indeksi yüksek olanlarda depresif belirtiler düzeyinin de arttırdığı görüldü. Vücut kütle indeksi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi değişikliğinin depresif belirtiler yönelik tedavilerle beraber uygulanmasının olumlu sonuç getireceği görüşündeyiz.
A Rare Cause of Piyogenic Liver Abscess: Gemella morbillorum
Authors: GÜMÜS Hatice Hale , ORUC Ebru , ALISKAN Hikmet Eda , DEMİROGLU Yusuf Ziya , ÖDEMİS İlker , KOC Zafer
Published: December 2021

We report a rare case of Gemella morbillorum associated pyogenic liver abscess in an immunocompetent 57-year-old female patient in this document. Gemella morbillorum is a gram-positive cocci found in the upper respiratory, genitourinary and gastrointestinal system microbiota. The bacterium is a member of the genus Gemella, and rare causative agent of endocarditis, brain abscess and bacteremia as an opportunistic pathogen. To the best of our knowledge,we present the first case of G. morbillorum associated pyogenic liver abscess in Turkey. The pathophysiology, diagnostic method and treatment of liver abscesses vary depending on the etiology. G. morbillorum is rare, but should be kept in the back of the mind while treating a patient with pyogenic liver abscess.
The Bilateral Sacral Origin of a Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Mohammad Hosseini Ehsan , Rasekhi Alireza , Eghbal Keyvan , Rahmanian Abdolkarim , Saffarrian Arash , Rakhsha Abbas , Ghahramani Sulmaz , Jamali Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are characterized by an abnormal connection between a spinal radicular artery and a perimedullary vein, mainly fed by a radicular artery at the nerve root sleeve. Case Presentation: Here, we describe the case of a 40-year-old woman, presenting with progressive weakness of the lower extremities and the sphincter. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed spinal cord edema and signal voids on the dorsal surface of the cord. Spinal angiography demonstrated a SDAVF with a nidus at the sacral level; the feeder of the arteriovenous fistula was a lateral sacral artery, as a branch of the internal iliac artery. The lateral sacral artery was subselectively catheterized, and SDAVF was embolized with 25% n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue (glue: lipiodol ratio, 1:3). Conclusion: After embolization, no definite residual connection was visualized between the arterial and venous systems.