bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forgotten books: The application of unseen species models to the survival of culture
Authors: Kestemont Mike , Karsdorp Folgert , de Bruijn Elisabeth , Driscoll Matthew , Kapitan Katarzyna A. , Ó Macháin Pádraig , Sawyer Daniel , Sleiderink Remco , Chao Anne
Published: February 2022

The study of ancient cultures is hindered by the incomplete survival of material artifacts, so we commonly underestimate the diversity of cultural production in historic societies. To correct this survivorship bias, we applied unseen species models from ecology to gauge the loss of narratives from medieval Europe, such as the romances about King Arthur. The estimates obtained are compatible with the scant historic evidence. In addition to events such as library fires, we identified the original evenness of cultural populations as an overlooked factor in these assemblages’ stability in the face of immaterial loss. We link the elevated evenness in island literatures to analogous accounts of ecological and cultural diversity in insular communities. These analyses call for a wider application of these methods across the heritage sciences.
Modular terpene synthesis enabled by mild electrochemical couplings
Authors: Harwood Stephen J. , Palkowitz Maximilian D. , Gannett Cara N. , Perez Paulo , Yao Zhen , Sun Lijie , Abruña Héctor D. , Anderson Scott L. , Baran Phil S.
Published: February 2022

The synthesis of terpenes is a large field of research that is woven deeply into the history of chemistry. Terpene biosynthesis is a case study of how the logic of a modular design can lead to diverse structures with unparalleled efficiency. This work leverages modern nickel-catalyzed electrochemical sp
2
–sp
3
decarboxylative coupling reactions, enabled by silver nanoparticle–modified electrodes, to intuitively assemble terpene natural products and complex polyenes by using simple modular building blocks. The step change in efficiency of this approach is exemplified through the scalable preparation of 13 complex terpenes, which minimized protecting group manipulations, functional group interconversions, and redox fluctuations. The mechanistic aspects of the essential functionalized electrodes are studied in depth through a variety of spectroscopic and analytical techniques.
Genome-Annotated Bacterial Collection of the Barley Rhizosphere Microbiota
Authors: Robertson-Albertyn Senga , Abbott James C. , Concas Federico , Brown Lynn H. , Orr Jamie N. , George Timothy S. , Bulgarelli Davide
Published: February 2022

A culture collection of 41 bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of cultivated barley (
Hordeum vulgare
subsp.
vulgare
) is available at the Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee (UK). The data include information on plant growth-promoting genes implicated in nitrogen fixation, HCN channels, phosphate solubilization, and linked whole-genome sequences.
Complete Genome Sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila Bacteriophage BUCT552
Authors: Chen Rujia , Xu Xuling , Han Pengjun , Hu Yunjia , Qin Hongbo , Li Mengzhe , An Xiaoping , Song Lihua , Fan Huahao , Tong Yigang
Published: February 2022

We report the complete genome sequence of
Aeromonas hydrophila
bacteriophage BUCT552 whose full length of the linear dsDNA genome is 59,685 bp and (G+C) % content is 60.0%. It contains 74 open reading frames but no tRNA. The results of TEM showed BUCT552 is a member of the family
Siphoviridae
.
Complete Genome Sequence of Micrococcus luteus Strain CW.Ay, Isolated from Indoor Air in a Hong Kong School
Authors: Wong C. A. C. M. , Lai G. K. K. , Griffin S. D. J. , Leung F. C. C.
Published: February 2022

Micrococcus luteus
strain CW.Ay was isolated from indoor air in Hong Kong. The complete genome (2,543,764 bp; GC content, 72.93%) was established by hybrid assembly and comprised a linear plasmid and a single chromosome featuring many genes to account for its broad distribution in very diverse habitats.
Draft Genome Sequencing of Three Glutaraldehyde-Tolerant Bacteria from Produced Water from Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Techtmann Stephen M. , Baldwin Andrew L. , Aluko Dotun , Andersen Justin , Becker Cole , Chandler Grace , Forgrave Steve , Jones Madelyn , Klasner Ina , Martini Jared , Mason Noah , Parsons Ryleigh , Peterson Nick , Reynolds Erik , Schroeder Lydia
Published: February 2022

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of three glutaraldehyde-resistant isolates from produced water from hydraulic fracturing operations. The three strains were identified as
Marinobacter
sp. strain G11,
Halomonas
sp. strain G15, and
Bacillus
sp. strain G16. The genome sequences of these isolates will provide insights into biocide resistance in hydraulic fracturing operations.
Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation of Benzaldehyde on Low-Percentage Pt-Containing Catalysts under Mild Conditions
Authors: Vikanova K. V. , Redina E. A. , Kapustin G. I.
Published: February 2022

The reaction of the liquid-phase hydrogenation of benzaldehyde is studied in two modes: at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and at a temperature of 70°С and a pressure of 0.5 MPa on Pt/CeO2–ZrО2 catalysts with metal contents of 1 to 0.025 wt %. A 96% conversion of benzaldehyde is obtained on 1% Pt/CeO2–ZrО2 catalysts at room temperature, while a 97% conversion is obtained on 0.1% Pt/CeO2–ZrО2 catalysts at elevated temperatures. The selectivity of the formation of benzyl alcohol is in all cases 100%.
Readiness of health facilities to provide emergency obstetric care in Papua New Guinea: evidence from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hou Xiaohui , Khan M Mahmud , Pulford Justin , Saweri Olga P M
Published: February 2022

Objective

To measure the readiness of health facilities in Papua New Guinea (PNG) to provide obstetric care and other maternal health services.

Design

Cross-sectional study involving random sample of health centres, district/rural hospitals (levels 3 and 4 facilities) and all upper-level hospitals operational at the time of survey. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from health facilities.

Setting

Health facilities in PNG. Facility administrators and other facility personnel were interviewed. Number of facility personnel interviewed was usually one for health centres and two or more for hospitals.

Participants

19 upper-level facilities (levels 5–7, provincial, regional and national hospitals) and 60 lower-level facilities (levels 3 and 4, health centres and district/rural hospitals).

Outcome measures

Four service-types were used to understand readiness of surveyed health facilities in the provision of maternity care including obstetric care services: (1) facility readiness to provide clinical services; (2) availability of family planning items; (3) availability of maternal and neonatal equipment and materials; and (4) ability to provide emergency obstetric care (EmOC).

Results

56% of lower-level facilities were not able to provide basic emergency obstetric care (BEmOC). Even among higher-level facilities, 16% were not able to perform one or more of the functions required to be considered a BEmOC provider. 11% of level 3 and 4 health facilities were able to provide comprehensive emergency obstetric care (CEmOC) as compared with 83% of higher-level facilities.

Conclusion

Given the high fertility rate and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in PNG, lack of BEmOC at the first level inpatient service providers is a major concern. To improve access to EmOC, level 3 and 4 facilities should be upgraded to at least BEmOC providers. Significant reduction in MMR will require improved access to CEmOC and optimal geographic location approach can identify facilities to be upgraded.
Identity construction in medical student stories about experiences of disgust in early nursing home placements: a dialogical narrative analysis
Authors: Warmington Sally , Johansen May-Lill , Wilson Hamish
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To explore medical students’ reflective essays about encounters with residents during preclinical nursing home placements.

Design

Dialogical narrative analysis aiming at how students characterise residents and construct identities in relation to them.

Setting

Medical students’ professional identity construction through storytelling has been demonstrated in contexts including hospitals and nursing homes. Some preclinical students participate in nursing home placements, caring for residents, many living with dementia. Students’ interactions with these residents can expose them to uncontained body fluids or disturbing behaviour, evoking feelings of disgust or fear.

Participants

Reflective essays about experiences as caregivers in nursing homes submitted to a writing competition by preclinical medical students in New Zealand.

Results

Describing early encounters, students characterised residents as passive or alien, and themselves as vulnerable and dependent. After providing care for residents, they identified them as individuals and themselves as responsible caregivers. However, in stories of later encounters that evoked disgust, some students again identified themselves as overwhelmed and vulnerable, and residents as problems or passive objects. We used Kristeva’s concept of abjection to explore this phenomenon and its relationship with identity construction.

Conclusions

Providing personal care can help students identify residents as individuals and themselves as responsible caregivers. Experiencing disgust in response to corporeal or psychic boundary violations can lead to abjection and loss of empathy. Awareness of this possibility may increase students’ capacity to treat people with dignity and compassion, even when they evoke fear or disgust. Medical education theory and practice should acknowledge and address the potential impact of strong negative emotions experienced by medical students during clinical encounters.
Protocol for development and validation of instruments to measure women’s empowerment in urban sanitation across countries in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa: the Agency, Resources and Institutional Structures for Sanitation-related Empowerment (ARISE) scales
Authors: Sinharoy Sheela S , Conrad Amelia , Patrick Madeleine , McManus Shauna , Caruso Bethany A
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Despite an increasing emphasis on gender and empowerment in water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) programmes, no rigorously validated survey instruments exist for measuring empowerment within the WaSH sector. Our objective is to develop and validate quantitative survey instruments to measure women’s empowerment in relation to sanitation in urban areas of low-income and middle-income countries.

Methods and analysis

We are developing the Agency, Resources and Institutional Structures for Sanitation-related Empowerment scales through a process that involves three phases: item development; scale development and initial validation and scale evaluation and further validation. The first phase includes domain specification, item generation, face validity and content validity assessment and item refinement. The second phase involves a second round of face validity and content validity assessment, followed by survey implementation in two cities (Tiruchirappalli, India and Kampala, Uganda) and data analysis involving factor analysis and item response theory approaches as well as reliability and validity testing. The third phase involves a final round of face validity and content validity assessment, followed by survey implementation in three additional cities (Narsapur and Warangal, India and Lusaka, Zambia) and statistical analysis using similar approaches as in phase 2 for further validation.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approvals have been received from the Emory University Institutional Review Board (USA); Azim Premji University and Indian Institute of Health Management Research Institutional Review Boards (India); Makerere University School of Health Sciences Research and Ethics Committee (Uganda); and ERES Converge Institutional Review Board (Zambia). The study team will share findings with key stakeholders to inform programming activities and will publish results in peer-reviewed journals.
RetINal Toxicity And HydroxyChloroquine Therapy (INTACT): protocol for a prospective population-based cohort study
Authors: Daftarian Narsis , Lima Adriana , Marozoff Shelby , Ojo Dami , Levasseur Steve D , Maberley David A L , Hoens Alison , Esdaile John , Dawes Martin , Aviña-Zubieta J Antonio , Adante Beatrice , Bhui Ravinder Dennis , Bhui Suruchi B , Butler Michael , Chui Lica , Erasmus Murray , Etminan Mahyar , Godinho Derek , Hay Elizabeth , Hollands Hussein , Hoonjan Malvinder , Joe Aaron , Lukaris Andrew , Mammo Zaid , Navajas Eduardo , Pakzad-Vaezi Kaivon , Sanmugasunderam Suren , Shojania Kam
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an important medication for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other rheumatic diseases. Although it is well-tolerated and cost-effective, the risk of HCQ retinal toxicity is of increasing concern. The aim of this study is to re-examine the HCQ retinal toxicity incidence rate, risk factors and clinical course after discontinuation.

Methods

We designed a prospective population-based cohort study in adult patients with SLE or RA, currently receiving HCQ for five or more years, who are residents of British Columbia (BC), Canada. Based on administrative data, we identified 5508 eligible participants (1346 SLE and 4162 RA). They will participate in annual or biannual retinal screening over 5 years in alignment with the recently revised American Academy of Ophthalmology guidelines. To standardise procedures for retinal screening, imaging, diagnostic criteria, severity staging and data transfer, a consensus meeting was convened in December 2019 with participation of BC retinal specialists and the research team. Agreement was attained on: use of spectral domain-optical coherence tomography as the primary objective screening modality; classification of images into categories of normal, equivocal or abnormal; and transferring the equivocal and abnormal images plus corresponding subjective test results via cloud-based server from each clinic to a reading centre. Confirmation of HCQ retinal toxicity diagnoses and severity staging will be performed by three independent and masked reviewers. The incidence of HCQ retinal toxicity will be calculated, accounting for the competing risk of death. Hazard ratios for each risk factor will be calculated for the risk of HCQ retinopathy, after adjusting for confounders. We will also estimate the risk of HCQ retinal toxicity progression over 5 years.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has received approval from the University of British Columbia Clinical Research Ethics Board (H20-00736) and the Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute.
Importance of reporting survival as incidence: a cross-sectional comparative study on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry data from Germany and Norway
Authors: Tjelmeland Ingvild Beathe Myrhaugen , Alm-Kruse Kristin , Grasner Jan-Thorsten , Isern Cecilie Benedicte , Jakisch Barbara , Kramer-Johansen Jo , Renzing Niels , Wnent Jan , Seewald Stephan
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Health registries are a unique source of information about current practice and can describe disease burden in a population. We aimed to understand similarities and differences in the German Resuscitation Registry (GRR) and the Norwegian Cardiac Arrest Registry (NorCAR) and compare incidence and survival for patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Design

A cross-sectional comparative analysis reporting incidence and outcome on a population level.

Setting

We included data from the cardiac arrest registries in Germany and Norway.

Participants

Patients resuscitated between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 were included, resulting in 29 222 cases from GRR and 16 406 cases from NorCAR. From GRR, only emergency medical services (EMS) reporting survival information for patients admitted to the hospital were included.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

This study focused on the EMS systems, the registries and the patients included in both registries. The results compare the total incidence, incidence of patients resuscitated by EMS, and the incidence of survival.

Results

We found an incidence of 68 per 100 000 inhabitants in GRR and 63 in NorCAR. The incidence of patients treated by EMS was 67 in GRR and 53 in NorCAR. The incidence of patients arriving at a hospital was higher in GRR (24.3) than in NorCAR (15.1), but survival was similar (8 in GRR and 7.8 in NorCAR).

Conclusion

GRR is a voluntary registry, and in-hospital information is not reported for all cases. NorCAR has mandatory reporting from all EMS and hospitals. EMS in Germany starts treatment on more patients and bring a higher number to hospital, but we found no difference in the incidence of survival. This study has improved our knowledge of both registries and highlighted the importance of reporting survival as incidence when comparing registries.
Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in a population at risk: iodine-enhanced multidetector CT and/or gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3.0 T MRI
Authors: Qiong Lan , Jie Zhao , Zhong Zheng , Wen Sheng , Jun Zhao , Liping Lu , Jinkui Cheng
Published: February 2022

Objective

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of iodine-enhanced multidetector CT and gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3.0 Tesla (T) MRI for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma of patients.

Design

Retrospective, multicentre cohort study.

Setting

The Gong’an County People’s Hospital, Gong’an County, China and the First People’s Hospital of Jingzhou City, China.

Participants

Reports of CT, MRI and liver biopsies/histopathology data of a total of 815 patients who at risk were reviewed.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The lesions that possessed detection in the plain scan phase, enhanced arterial phase and/or enhanced portal phase of CT images and the lesions that possessed enhancements in the plain scan phase, enhanced arterial phase, enhanced portal phase and/or hepatobiliary phases of MRI were considered hepatocellular carcinoma. The decision of hepatocellular carcinoma was made based on the current Liver Imaging and Data Reporting System for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma.

Results

True positive hepatocellular carcinoma (563 vs 521, p=0.0314), true negative hepatocellular carcinoma (122 vs 91, p=0.0275), false positive hepatocellular carcinoma (88 vs 123, p=0.0121), false negative hepatocellular carcinoma (42 vs 80, p=0.0005), specificity (58.10 vs 42.52, p=0.0478) and negative clinical utility (0.1 vs 0.073, p=0.0386) were superior for gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3.0 T MRI than those of iodine-enhanced multidetector CT. Sensitivity and accuracy for gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3.0 T MRI were 93.06% and 77.40 %, respectively, and those for iodine-enhanced multidetector CT were 86.69% and 75.09 %, respectively. Likelihood to detect hepatocellular carcinoma for gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3.0 T MRI was 0–0.894 diagnostic confidence/lesion, and that for iodine-enhanced multidetector CT was 0–0.887 diagnostic confidence/lesion.

Conclusion

Gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3.0 T MRI facilitates the confidence of initiation of treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Level of evidence

III.

Technical efficacy stage

4.
Effect of high-intensity exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular disease risk and disease activity in patients with inflammatory joint disease: protocol for the ExeHeart randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nordén Kristine Røren , Dagfinrud Hanne , Semb Anne Grete , Hisdal Jonny , Viktil Kirsten K , Sexton Joseph , Fongen Camilla , Skandsen Jon , Blanck Thalita , Metsios George S , Tveter Anne Therese
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Inflammatory joint disease (IJD) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) fostered by systemic inflammation and a high prevalence of CVD risk factors. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an important health parameter and CRF-measures are advocated in routine health evaluations. CRF associates with CVD risk, and exercise modalities such as high intensity interval training (HIIT) can increase CRF and mitigate CVD risk factors. In IJD, exercise is rarely used in CVD risk management and the cardioprotective effect of HIIT is unclear. Furthermore, the clinical applicability of HIIT to primary care settings is largely unknown and warrants investigation. The primary aim is to assess the effect of a HIIT programme on CRF in patients with IJD. Second, we will evaluate the effect of HIIT on CVD risk and disease activity in patients with IJD, feasibility of HIIT in primary care and validity of non-exercise algorithms to detect change in CRF.

Methods and analysis

ExeHeart is a single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. Sixty patients with IJD will be recruited from the Preventive Cardio-Rheuma clinic at Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Norway. Patients will be assigned to receive standard care (relevant lifestyle advice and cardio-preventive medication) or standard care plus a 12-week HIIT intervention by physiotherapists in primary care. HIIT sessions will be prescribed at 90%–95% of peak heart rate. Outcomes include CRF (primary outcome), CVD risk factors, anthropometric measures, disease activity and patient-reported outcomes related to pain, fatigue, disease, physical activity and exercise and will be assessed at baseline, 3 months (primary endpoint) and 6 months postbaseline.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval has been obtained from the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (201227). Participants are required to sign a written informed consent form. Results will be discussed with patient representatives, submitted to peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant platforms.

Trial registration number

NCT04922840.
Advance care planning—family carer psychological distress and involvement in decision making: the ACTION trial
Authors: Vandenbogaerde Isabel , De Vleminck Aline , Cohen Joachim , Verkissen Mariëtte Nadine , Lapeire Lore , Ingravallo Francesca , Payne Sheila , Wilcock Andrew , Seymour Jane , Kars Marijke , Grønvold Mogens , Lunder Urska , Rietjens Judith , van der Heide Agnes , Deliens Luc
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Facilitated advance care planning (ACP) helps family carers’ to be aware of patient preferences. It can improve family carers’ involvement in decision making and their overall experiences at the end of life, as well as, reduce psychological stress. We investigated the effects of the ACTION Respecting Choices (RC) ACP intervention on the family carers’ involvement in decision making in the last 3 months of the patients’ life and on the family carers’ psychological distress after 3 months of bereavement.

Methods

Over six European countries, a sample of 162 bereaved family carers returned a bereavement questionnaire. Involvement in decision making was measured with a single item of the Views of Informal Carers–Evaluation of Services Short Form questionnaire. Psychological distress was measured with the Impact of Event Scale (IES).

Results

No significant effect was found on family carers involvement in decision making in the last 3 months of the patients’ life (95% CI 0.449 to 4.097). However, the probability of involvement in decision making was slightly higher in the intervention arm of the study (89.6% vs 86.7%; OR=1.357). Overall, no statistical difference was found between intervention and control group regarding the IES (M=34.1 (1.7) vs 31.8 (1.5); (95% CI −2.2 to 6.8)).

Conclusion

The ACTION RC ACP intervention showed no significant effect on family carers’ involvement in decision making or on subsequent psychological distress. More research is needed about (1) how family carers can be actively involved in ACP-conversations and (2) how to prepare family carers on their role in decision making.

Trial registration number

International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial NumberISRCTN17231.
Eradicating tumor in a recurrent cervical cancer patient with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and a modified lymphodepleting regimen
Authors: Guo Jing , Luo Ning , Ai Guihai , Yang Weihong , Zhu Jihui , Li Caixia , Chen Rong , Zhang Changbao , Liu Shupeng , Jin Huajun , Cheng Zhongping
Published: February 2022

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy has shown promising results against several cancers. However, traditional lymphodepleting regimens are severe and represent a major limitation for a more widespread use of TIL. The modified pretreatment strategies may alleviate side effects and demonstrate the persistence of tumor-reactive T cells in the blood. Here, we report a case who was diagnosed recurrent cervical cancer with bladder metastasis. Omitting high dose of IL-2, she received intravenous dose of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg) for 3 days, approximately 48 hours before receiving the intravenous infusion of TILs. Half dosage (100 mg) of PD1 antibody was administered with purpose of neutralizing PD1 expressed on T cells surface. She achieved complete response 10 weeks after one-time TILs infusion. Adverse reactions were negligible and safely manageable in a general ward without the need for intervention from intensive care units. Time-course peripheral blood counts and TCR repertoire sequencing demonstrated a robust expansion and long-term persistence of the infused TILs. These results illustrated the potential value of modified lymphodepletion, followed by TILs for the treatment of patients with cervical cancer with local recurrence. Trial registration number, NCT04766320.
Correlation redistribution by causal horizons
Authors: de Gioia L. Pipolo , de Oliveira M. C.
Published: February 2022

The Minkowski vacuum $$|0\rangle _M$$

|
0
⟩

M

, which for an inertial observer is devoid of particles, is perceived as a thermal bath by Rindler observers living in a single Rindler wedge (Unruh in Phys Rev D 14:870, 1976) as a result of the discrepancy in the definition of positive frequency between the two classes of observers and a strong entanglement between degrees of freedom in the left and right Rindler wedges. We revisit the problem of quantification of the correlations in a two-mode state of a free neutral scalar field which is observed by an inertial observer Alice and left/right Rindler observers Rob/AntiRob, a problem that pertains to the field of relativistic quantum information and has been previously studied in Martin-Martinez et al. (Phys Rev D 82:064006, 2010) and Datta (Phys Rev A 80:052304, 2009). We focus on the analysis of informational quantities like the locally accessible and locally inaccessible information (Koashi and Winter in Phys Rev A 69:022309, 2004; Fanchini et al. in Phys Rev A 84:012313, 2011; Fanchini et al. in New J Phys 14:013027, 2012) and a closely associated entanglement measure, the entanglement of formation. We conclude that, with respect to the correlation structure probed by inertial observers alone, the introduction of a Rindler observer gives rise to a correlation redistribution which can be quantified by the entanglement of formation. Given the informational meaning of the derived correlations, we discuss on the capacity of a quantum channel to communicate classical information between accelerated parties.
Rényi Holographic dark energy models in multidimensional universe
Authors: Saha A. , Chanda A. , Dey S. , Ghose S. , Paul B. C.
Published: February 2022

Rényi Holographic Dark Energy (RHDE) Models have been studied in different dimensions considering a flat FRW metric and subsequently exploring the nature of evolution of different cosmological parameters. It is seen that the number of dimensions affect the evolution of the cosmological parameters and the transition of the universe from decelerating to accelerating phase. The statefinder diagnostics have been performed and it is seen that the model corresponds to the [Formula: see text] model for the present and future universe.
Modeling the transmission dynamics of plant viral disease using two routes of infection, nonlinear terms and incubation delay
Authors: Al Basir Fahad , Ray Santanu
Published: February 2022

Plant viral diseases have devastating effects on agricultural products worldwide. In this research, a delay differential equation model has been proposed for the transmission dynamics of plant viral disease using the vector-to-plant (primary) transmission and plant-to-plant (i.e. secondary) transmissions modeled via nonlinear (saturated) terms. Also, a time delay is considered in the model due to the incubation period of the plant. Feasibility and stability analyses of the equilibria of the model have been provided based on the basic reproduction numbers. Stability changes occur through Hopf bifurcation in both the delayed and non-delayed systems. Sensitivity analysis shows the impact of a parameter on the infection. The mathematical analysis of the model and numerical examples suggested that the disease will occur if the incubation period of the plant is small. Viral disease of a plant can be controlled by maintaining the distance between plants, removing the infected plants, and increasing crop resistance towards the disease.
Use of an Adipofascial Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap to Improve Contour Following Resection of Upper Extremity Amniotic Band Constriction: A Report of Two Patients
Authors: MALLARINO Gonzalo , FOTI-BARRETO José Rodrigo , GUTIERREZ Carlos David , ROMERO-BARRETO Camilo
Published: February 2022

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a congenital disease that causes a variable degree of deformity and tissue disruption. Surgical excision of fibrotic tissue and advancement of local flaps is the gold standard for constriction bands of the upper limb. We report the use of an adipofascial Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery perforator (SCIP) flap to improve contour following amniotic band resection in the upper extremity in two patients with ABS. The use of this microsurgical technique can be considered in the occasional patient when there is a deficit of soft tissues after release of the contracture band that cannot be addressed with locally available tissue.
Behavioral Interventions to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Among People with Severe Mental Disorder
Authors: Baker Amanda L. , Forbes Erin , Pohlman Sonja , McCarter Kristen
Published: February 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among people with severe mental disorder (SMD). CVD risk factors occur at the individual, health system, and socio-environmental levels and contribute not only to high rates of CVD but also to worsening mental health. While acknowledging this wider context, this review focuses on behavioral interventions for seven CVD risk behaviors—smoking, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, low fruit and vegetable intake, inadequate sleep, poor social participation, and poor medication adherence—that are common among people with SMD. We survey recent meta-reviews of the literature and then review additional key studies to provide clinical recommendations for behavioral interventions to reduce CVD risk among people with SMD. A transdiagnostic psychological approach from the start of mental health treatment, drawing upon multidisciplinary expertise to address multiple risk behaviors, is recommended.
Living Donor Liver Transplantation as a Backup Procedure: Treatment Strategy for Hepatocellular Adenomas Requiring Complex Resections
Authors: Fonseca Eduardo A. , Feier Flavia , Vincenzi Rodrigo , Candido Helry L. L. , Azambuja Rodrigo L. , Payao Fabio , Benavides Marcel R. , Roda Karina M. O. , Leite Katia M. R. , Ribeiro Cristiane M. F. , Begnami Maria D. , Zurstrassen Charles E. , Carnevale Francisco C. , Chapchap Paulo , Seda-Neto João
Published: February 2022

Background & Aims. The most dangerous complications of hepatocellular adenomas are hemorrhage and malignant transformation, both of which require surgical treatment. The surgical treatment strategy for patients with benign large or central tumors is challenging because complex liver resections are required. The strategy of using a live donor as a backup procedure is described in this series. Methods. We present a series of three patients with large hepatocellular adenoma lesions showing a central location, for which the living donor liver transplantation strategy was used as a backup procedure. Results. Hepatocellular adenoma was confirmed by biopsy in all patients. Surgical resection was indicated because of the patients’ symptoms and lesion size and growth. All patients had a lesion that was central or in close contact with major vessels. The final decision to proceed with the resection was made intraoperatively. A live donor was prepared for all three patients. Two patients underwent portal vein embolization associated with extended hepatectomy, and a total hepatectomy plus liver transplantation with a living donor was performed in one patient. All patients had good postoperative outcomes. Conclusions. In the treatment of hepatocellular adenomas for which complex resections are necessary and resectability can only be confirmed intraoperatively, surgical safety can be improved through the use of a living donor backup. Center expertise with living donor liver transplantation is paramount for the success of this approach.
Positive Anti-HIV ELISA Results in Pregnancy: Is It Reliable?
Authors: Güler Emrah , Arıkan Ayşe , Abobakr Mariam , Sayan Murat , Süer Kaya , Şanlıdağ Tamer
Published: February 2022

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be transmitted from mothers to their babies during pregnancy, delivery through vaginal fluids or breastfeeding. As false positivity anti-HIV results due to pregnancy could be detected and no relevant study have been reported in Northern Cyprus so far, we aimed to estimate the false anti-HIV positivity rate in pregnant women. Methods: A total of 11.977 women admitted to Near East University Hospital between 2015 and 2018 were involved. The fourth generation anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA test was carried out by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay. Positive results were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR). SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Demo Ver 22 program was used for statistical analysis and significance (p<0.05) was measured by Person Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact tests. Results: Anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA test was positive in 7 (0.3%) of pregnant and 11 (0.1%) of non-pregnant women. HIV RNA was not detected in any pregnant however, was detected in 2 (0.02%) of non pregnant. S/Co titer of pregnant and non pregnant who have positive anti-HIV-test without viral load was x̄=2.68±1.64 (1.34-5.20) and x̄=8.63±7.68 (1.56-20.98) respectively. False positivity was significantly higher in pregnants compared to non-pregnants (p=0.033). Conclusion: False positivity can be encountered during pregnancy therefore, positive anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA results should be confirmed with molecular techniques before initiating antiretroviral treatment.
Maternity Continuum Care Completion and Its Associated Factors in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tsega Daniel , Admas Melaku , Talie Asmare , Tsega Tesfa Birlew , Birhanu Molla Yigzaw , Alemu Simegn , Mengist Belayneh
Published: February 2022

Background. Continuum care is a basic package approach for women to receive essential services throughout pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum, and it is critical for women and their infants’ survival and well-being. Although it is an effective strategy for improving maternal and child health, it has not been implemented adequately in less developed countries, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, where 55% of women have been dropped out from the continuum of care. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing maternity continuum care completion and its associated factors within northwest Ethiopia, 2020. Materials and Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study design was considered among 504 women from March 10 to March 30, 2020, using pretested and structured questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews. To select study participants, a simple random sampling technique was used. Data were coded, checked, and entered into EpiData software (V. 4.2), then transferred to SPSS (V. 25) for further analysis. A bivariable analysis with 95% CI was performed, and variables with

P

0.25 during binary logistic regression were entered into a multivariable analysis to assess predictors’ independent effect. Results. About 177 (37.6%) women completed maternal continuum care. Women with secondary education and above (

AOR
=
2.75

, 95% CI 1.42-5.32), urban residence (

AOR
=
2.45

, 95% CI 1.35-4.45), using ambulance transport (

AOR
=
3.96

, 95% CI 2.19-7.19), mass media exposure (

AOR
=
3.64

, 95% CI 2.02-6.56), and distance from health facilities (

AOR
=
3.22

, 95% CI 1.84-5.63) showed significant positive associations with completion of maternity continuum care. Conclusion. However, a higher proportion of mothers completed the continuum of maternity care in the district than Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 (9.1%); further interventions are compulsory to reach the acceptable level. Hence, comprehensive awareness-raising, education, and promotion activities at the community and health facility levels and empowering women in health care and decision-making backing to expand the completion of maternity continuum of care are necessary.
Rotary Kiln Thermal Simulation Model and Smart Supply Chain Logistics Transportation Monitoring Management
Authors: Liu Zesheng
Published: February 2022

Rotary kiln is a large-scale instrument for industrial firing of cement. Due to its thermal insulation characteristics, this article studies the application of rotary kiln in supply chain logistics transportation. The main research focus of this paper is the thermal simulation model of rotary kiln and intelligent supply chain logistics transportation monitoring management. This paper analyzes the rotary kiln and its parameters and then designs a thermal simulation model of the rotary kiln. Then this article also combines the relationship between logistics and supply chain, studies the characteristics of supply chain, summarizes and designs a new type of smart supply chain logistics transportation method, and then applies the rotary kiln thermal simulation model to this new type of transportation method. In order to optimize its transportation efficiency and thermal insulation degree, this paper designs the supply chain optimization experiment and the rotary kiln simulation thermal numerical optimization experiment. This article also carries out the overall efficiency analysis of logistics based on DEA and analyzes the results of the experiment and applies it to the intelligent supply chain logistics transportation method of the thermal simulation model of the rotary kiln and compares this new type of transportation method with the traditional transportation method. The experimental results show that the intelligent supply chain transportation method based on the thermal simulation model of the rotary kiln improves the insulation effect by 5%–9% compared with the traditional transportation method. Compared with the traditional transportation method, the transportation efficiency of the smart supply chain transportation method based on the thermal simulation model of the rotary kiln has increased by 4%–8%.
Evaluation Model of Employment and Entrepreneurship of University Students Based on Classification Algorithm
Authors: Fu Huaxiang
Published: February 2022

As a new data analysis tool, data mining has developed rapidly. Various types of data sets can be used as data mining objects. Faced with more and more data sources and larger amounts of data today, data mining can effectively obtain valuable information from them and can enable people to better predict possible data information in the future, thereby improving work efficiency. Pheromone update uses a combination of global update and local update. The improved algorithm can balance the relationship between ants’ exploration and development in the process of searching rules. The government’s macroentrepreneurial policy has an important impact on college students’ entrepreneurship. Whether the entrepreneurship can obtain government financial support, whether the entrepreneurial process is simple and easy to do, etc., all affect the enthusiasm of college students to start a business and the success of the business. As an important place for college students to live and study, colleges and universities play a vital role in the growth and future development of college students. Major colleges and universities should improve entrepreneurship education, provide materials and manpower such as teaching materials and teachers, and improve the entrepreneurial quality of college students. In addition, colleges and universities should actively establish and improve the entrepreneurial practice platform for college students to help students gain entrepreneurial experience from practice. As the backbone of the social economy, enterprises should play an appropriate role in college students’ entrepreneurship. On the one hand, they should actively provide entrepreneurial funds, and they should be willing to give college students experience guidance. Only with the joint efforts of the government, universities, and enterprises, can it be possible to establish a practical and effective support system for undergraduate entrepreneurship, promote undergraduate entrepreneurship, and increase the success rate of undergraduate entrepreneurship.
PID Controller Parameter Optimized by Reformative Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors: Du Hualong , Liu Pengfei , Cui Qiuyu , Ma Xin , Wang He
Published: February 2022

The PID parameters determine the PID controller performance. A reformative artificial bee colony (RABC) algorithm is proposed for the PID parameter optimization problem. The algorithm balances the exploitation capability and exploration capability of the ABC algorithm by introducing a global optimal solution and improving the food source probability. The proposed algorithm is validated by simulation with six benchmark functions, and the results show that the RABC algorithm has higher search accuracy and faster search speed than other variants of the artificial bee colony algorithm. The RABC algorithm‐optimized PID controller has better control with minimum overshoot and fast response, as verified by comparison with PSO‐PID, DE‐PID, and GA‐PID methods in three typical systems.
Investigating the Intercellular Communication Network of Immune Cell in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with Sepsis
Authors: Tao Pei , He Jinzhou , Ai Tao , Fan Yinghong , Zeng Wei
Published: February 2022

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is recognized as a serious public health issue that results in respiratory failure and high mortality rates. The syndrome is characterized by immune cell aggregation, communication, activation, and alveolar epithelial damage. To elucidate the complex dynamic process of the immune system’s response in ARDS, we construct the intercellular communication network of immune cells in ARDS based on a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset (including three sepsis-induced ARDS patients and four sepsis-only patients). The results show that macrophages relayed most of the intercellular signals (ligand–receptor pairs) in both groups. Many genes related to immune response (IFI44L, ISG, and HLA-DQB1) and biological functions (response to virus, negative regulation of viral life cycle, and response to interferon-beta) were detected via differentially expressed gene analysis of macrophages between the two groups. Deep analysis of the intercellular signals related to the macrophage found that sepsis-induced ARDS harbored distinctive intercellular signals related to chemokine–chemokine receptors (CCL3/4/5−CCR1), which mainly are involved in the disturbance of the STAT family transcription factors (TFs), such as STAT2 and STAT3. These signals and downstream TFs might play key roles in macrophage M1/M2 polarization in the process of sepsis-induced ARDS. This study provides a comprehensive view of the intercellular communication landscape between sepsis and sepsis-induced ARDS and identifies key intercellular communications and TFs involved in sepsis-induced ARDS. We believe that our study provides valuable clues for understanding the immune response mechanisms of ARDS.
Evaluation of Rural Tourism Carrying Capacity Based on Ecological Footprint Model
Authors: Li Lei , Ye Xiaojuan , Wang Xilong
Published: February 2022

The evaluation of the environmental carrying capacity of tourism resources has important guiding significance for the sustainable development of tourism. This study uses the ecological footprint index to construct the evaluation model of rural tourism environmental carrying capacity and quantitatively analyzes the impact of rural tourism ecological footprint on the environment, ecological pressure, and the maximum carrying capacity of tourists in Nanyang City (China) from 2011 to 2020, so as to provide a reference basis for local rural tourism planning and ecological environment management. The empirical analysis results show that (1) during the decade 2011–2020, the overall ecological footprint increased by 31.47%; however, the per capita ecological footprint showed a downward trend year by year; (2) in the ten years from 2011 to 2020, although the environmental carrying capacity was in surplus, it showed a downward trend year by year, and the ecological pressure index initially appeared; (3) taking the number of tourists in 2020 as the reference value, the prediction of the ecological pressure of rural tourism environment and the carrying capacity of tourists shows that although the ecological pressure is in a relatively safe state, it will show an unsafe state with the increase of the number of tourists. Based on the above results, it is suggested that local governments and tourism planning and management departments should pay full attention to the adverse impact of tourism development on the environment, strengthen the construction of green transportation, balance the development of tourism resources, scientifically control the number of tourists, improve tourists’ awareness of environmental protection, protect the ecological environment of Nanyang City, and realize the sustainable development of rural tourism.