bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of Candidate Host Cell Entry Factors for Bovine Herpes Virus Type-1 Based on a Genome-Wide CRISPR Knockout Screen
Authors: Tan Wenfang Spring , Rong Enguang , Dry Inga , Lillico Simon , Law Andy , Digard Paul , Whitelaw Bruce , Dalziel Robert G.
Published: February 2024

To identify host factors that affect Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (BoHV-1) infection we previously applied a genome wide CRISPR knockout screen targeting all bovine protein coding genes. By doing so we compiled a list of both pro-viral and anti-viral proteins involved in BoHV-1 replication. Here we provide further analysis of those that are potentially involved in viral entry into the host cell. We first generated single cell knockout clones deficient in some of the candidate genes for validation. We provide evidence that Polio Virus Receptor-related protein (PVRL2) serves as a receptor for BoHV-1, mediating more efficient entry than the previously identified Polio Virus Receptor (PVR). By knocking out two enzymes that catalyze HSPG chain elongation, HST2ST1 and GLCE, we further demonstrate the significance of HSPG in BoHV-1 entry. Another intriguing cluster of candidate genes, COG1, COG2 and COG4-7 encode six subunits of the Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex. MDBK cells lacking COG6 produced fewer but bigger plaques compared to control cells, suggesting more efficient release of newly produced virions from these COG6 knockout cells, due to impaired HSPG biosynthesis. We further observed that viruses produced by the COG6 knockout cells consist of protein(s) with reduced N-glycosylation, potentially explaining their lower infectivity. To facilitate candidate validation, we also detailed a one-step multiplex CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system, an orthogonal method to KO that enables quick and simultaneous deployment of three CRISPRs for efficient gene inactivation. Using CRISPR3i, we verified eight candidates that have been implicated in the synthesis of surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). In summary, our experiments confirmed the two receptors PVR and PVRL2 for BoHV-1 entry into the host cell and other factors that affect this process, likely through the direct or indirect roles they play during HSPG synthesis and glycosylation of viral proteins.
Association between Human Papillomavirus 16 Viral Load in Pregnancy and Preterm Birth
Authors: Khayargoli Pranamika , Mayrand Marie-Hélène , Niyibizi Joseph , Audibert François , Laporte Louise , Lacaille Julie , Carceller Ana Maria , Lacroix Jacques , Comète Émilie , Coutlée François , Trottier Helen
Published: February 2024

Recent evidence shows increased preterm birth risk with human papillomavirus-16 (HPV16) infection during pregnancy. This study aimed to measure the association between HPV16 viral load during pregnancy and preterm birth. We used data from participants in the HERITAGE study. The Linear Array assay was used for HPV DNA testing on vaginal samples collected during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. The HPV16 viral load was measured with a real-time polymerase chain reaction. We used logistic regression to measure the associations between HPV16 viral load during pregnancy and preterm birth (defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation). The adjusted odd ratios (aORs) and the 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were estimated with inverse probability treatment weighting of the propensity score. This study included 48 participants who tested positive for HPV16 during the first trimester of pregnancy. The aOR for the association between first-trimester HPV16 viral load (higher viral load categorized with a cutoff of 0.5 copy/cell) was 13.04 [95% CI: 1.58–107.57]). Similar associations were found using different cutoffs for the categorization of viral load during the first and third trimesters. Our findings suggest a strong association between a high HPV16 viral load during pregnancy and preterm birth, demonstrating a biological gradient that reinforces the biological plausibility of a causal association.
Wastewater Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a Prison Facility
Authors: Thakali Ocean , Shahin Shalina , Sherchan Samendra P.
Published: February 2024

Prison populations are unlikely to have access to prompt, effective medical care as the general population. Therefore, vaccination and effective surveillance systems have been recommended to mitigate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission in prison settings. This pilot study aimed to assess the application of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) in a prison to act as an early warning tool for COVID-19 transmission. In this study, weekly wastewater samples (n = 21) were collected for 21 weeks from a prison facility in New Orleans, LA, USA, and analyzed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the results were compared with the number of confirmed cases during the same period. SARS-CoV-2 was concentrated using two methods and quantified via RT-qPCR using CDC N1 and N2 assays. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in eight samples (38%). An equal number of samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 using the two concentrating methods, indicating the effectiveness of both methods for building-scale WBE. Despite limited clinical testing in the studied prison facility, instances of SARS-CoV-2 detection in wastewater prior to the diagnosis of COVID-19 depict the potential use of wastewater surveillance in detecting the presence of early and averting outbreaks in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients.
Spur Dike Applications for the Sustainability of Channels in Incised Steep Bend Streams
Authors: Ohtsuki Kazuaki , Kono Takanori , Arikawa Takashi , Taniwaki Hisashi , Itsukushima Rei
Published: February 2024

Japan’s rivers are shaped by distinctive topography and abundant rainfall, and they face flooding and sediment supply escalation concerns under climate change. Small- and medium-sized rivers tend to catch unprecedented forces that exceed planned levels, leading to substantial widening and excavation. Thus, there is a demand for a method that is capable of managing significant flood flows over an extended period. The spur dike can maintain channel clearance by promoting erosion as well as providing bank protection. However, the effectiveness of this spur dike function has not been well studied in small- and medium-sized rivers and curved reaches. In this study, we evaluate the function of spur dikes in improving channel sustainability based on examples of small- and medium-sized rivers that have maintained their channel for more than ten years after spur dike installation. First, the applicability of the empirical rule was evaluated by comparing it with actual cases of erosion depths in curved sections in Japan. Next, one-dimensional simulations were performed to evaluate the sustainability of the section over a long period. Finally, a depth-averaged morphodynamic simulation, including the secondary flow effect, was applied to evaluate the location of the flow core and elevation changes due to the spur dike. The results showed that a slight difference in the ratio of river curvature radius to river width (r/B) caused the river channel to be erosive and sedimentary. The reasons for the difference were the cross-sectional expansion caused by the excavation of the bend and the difference in the plane flow regime caused by the shift of the flow core to the inside of the bend. Although it is structurally challenging to reproduce localized scour around a spur dike in a depth-averaged simulation, it is essential for designing to apply the simulation model and combine empirical knowledge.
A State-of-Health Estimation Method for Lithium Batteries under Multi-Dimensional Features
Authors: Zhang Yu , Hu Zhaozhao , Wu Tiezhou
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the number of new energy vehicles has increased rapidly. The online state-of-health (SOH) prediction of lithium-ion batteries, which are core components of new energy vehicles, is crucial for maintaining vehicle safety. However, existing data-driven methods encounter challenges such as the difficult application of health feature extraction methods in practice, single feature dimensions, and complex algorithm models. This study extracted the peak height of the incremental capacity (IC) curve, constant-current charging time, and time when the battery surface temperature reaches its maximum value as health features from multiple dimensions. Furthermore, by randomly generating prey, the Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) fundamentally overcomes the shortcomings of traditional swarm intelligence optimization algorithms which are prone to falling into local optimal solutions. POA was introduced to optimize the Deep Extreme Learning Machine (DELM), which maximally simplified the algorithm model while ensuring accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate that this method does not require extensive historical data support. Whether applied to batteries under the same or different working conditions, all four battery groups exhibit excellent prediction results, with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values below 1.2%.
Heuristic Algorithms for Heterogeneous and Multi-Trip Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Pickup and Delivery
Authors: Wang Li , Ding Yifan , Chen Zhiyuan , Su Zhiyuan , Zhuang Yufeng
Published: February 2024

In light of the widespread use of electric vehicles for urban distribution, this paper delves into the electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP): specifically addressing multiple trips per vehicle, diverse vehicle types, and simultaneous pickup and delivery. The primary objective is to minimize the overall cost, which encompasses travel expenses, waiting times, recharging costs, and fixed vehicle costs. The focal problem is formulated as a heterogeneous and multi-trip electric vehicle routing problem with pickup and delivery (H-MT-EVRP-PD). Additionally, we introduce two heuristic algorithms to efficiently approximate solutions within a reasonable computational time. The variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm and the adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) algorithm are presented and compared based on our computational experiences with both. Through solving a series of large-scale real-world instances for the H-MT-EVRP-PD and smaller instances using an exact method, we demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approaches.
GP’s role in supporting women with anal incontinence after childbirth injury: a qualitative study
Authors: Eccles Abi , Parsons Joanne , Bick Debra , Keighley Michael RB , Clements Anna , Cornish Julie , Embleton Sarah , McNiven Abigail , Seers Kate , Hillman Sarah Christine
Published: February 2024

Background

Obstetric anal sphincter injury is the most common cause of anal incontinence for women, which often has profound impacts on women’s lives. GPs offer a first line of contact for many women, but we know that very few women experiencing anal incontinence postnatally report discussing it with their GPs.

Aim

To identify key ways in which GPs can support women with anal incontinence caused by childbirth injuries.

Design and setting

A qualitative study investigating women’s experiences with their GP, and GPs’ perspectives about providing such care.

Method

This qualitative study combined two phases: first, a series of in-depth semi-structured interviews with women experiencing anal incontinence caused by childbirth injuries (n= 41); and second, focus groups with GPs (n= 13) stratified by experience. Thematic analysis was conducted and relevant themes from across the two datasets were examined.

Results

Mediating factors in GP care for women with anal incontinence caused by childbirth injuries centred around three key themes: the role of the GP, access and pathways, and communication.

Conclusion

The findings demonstrate multifactorial challenges in identifying the problem and supporting women experiencing anal incontinence after childbirth injury in primary care settings. Many GPs lacked confidence in their role in supporting women, and women were often reluctant to seek help. Those women who did seek help often experienced frustrations consulting with their GPs. In a context where women are often reluctant to ask for help, their concerns are not always taken seriously, and where GPs do not routinely ask about anal incontinence, potential anal incontinence after childbirth injury appears to be often missed in a primary care setting.
Korelasi karies gigi dan status gizi pada anak usia 3-5 tahun
Authors: Wibowo Angga Arjuno , Rusip Gusbakti , Erawati Suci
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan karies gigi dengan status gizi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Araskabu, Kecamatan Beringin, Kabupaten Deli Serdang pada bulan Oktober 2022 hingga Desember 2022. Besar sampel pada studi ini sebanyak 70 orang.  Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuisioner serta dilakukan pemeriksaan indeks DMF-T berdasarkan WHO melalui pemeriksaan klinis pada rongga mulut menggunakan diagnostic set disposable dan pencahayaan dari headlamp. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat (uji Chi Square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada kaitan antara karies gigi dengan status gizi pada anak usia 3-5 tahun (p=0,357). Namun dengan tingginya prevalensi karies gigi (61,1%) maka perlu adanya perhatian khusus untuk mengintervensi melalui pemantauan berkala, memperhatikan konsumsi makanan anak dan memberikan edukasi pada orang tua dan pihak sekolah.
Tren kematian ibu di Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2018 – 2020
Authors: Bancin Lamtiur Junita , Hasibuan Fakhrial Mirwan , Elisa Elisa , Maha Eko Armando
Published: February 2024

Kesejahteraan ibu perlu mendapat perhatian, khususnya dari aspek pelayanan kesehatan ibu. Indikator kesejahteraan ibu tergambar dari Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI), yaitu indikator yang dapat menggambarkan kondisi/status kesehatan ibu selama hamil, melahirkan, maupun 42 hari paska persalinan (masa nifas). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan tren jumlah kematian ibu di Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2018-2020; mendeskripsikan jumlah kematian ibu berdasarkan usia, periode kematian, dan penyebab kematian; menggambarkan sebaran kematian ibu di 33 kabupaten/kota Tahun 2018-2020; serta mendeskripsikan program/kegiatan yang mendukung kesehatan ibu. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan data kuantitatif dan pendekatan deskriptif dengan mengambil data sekunder tahun 2018-2020 dari Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Utara dengan populasi seluruh ibu yang meninggal pada saat hamil, bersalin, maupun nifas dengan pengambilan total sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kematian ibu tertinggi selama kurun waktu tersebut (2018-2020) adalah pada masa bersalin dengan usia ibu 20-34 tahun, di mana penyebab kematian adalah perdarahan dan hipertensi. Untuk sebaran data per kabupaten/kota, Kabupaten Asahan dan Deli Serdang merupakan daerah dengan kategori tinggi selama 3 (tiga) tahun berturut-turut. Kemitraan dan kolaborasi lintas sektoral dalam pelayanan kesehatan ibu perlu ditingkatkan mengingat masalah kesehatan ibu tidak hanya melibatkan sektor kesehatan saja, tetapi juga memerlukan penguatan ekonomi keluarga serta peran dan dukungan dari keluarga dan orang-orang sekitar. Peran Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi dan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten/Kota dalam monitoring dan evaluasi kegiatan pelayanan kesehatan ibu juga perlu ditingkatkan, di samping tetap konsisten untuk menyelenggarakan kegiatan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan peningkatan sumber daya tenaga kesehatan dalam pelayanan kesehatan ibu.
Pengaruh penggunaan posisi orthopnea terhadap penurunan sesak nafas pada pasien TB paru
Authors: Empraninta Hanna Ester , Supardi Supardi , Mahdalena Piyanti Saurina
Published: February 2024

TB paru dapat menyebabkan kerusakan atau fibrosis pada saluran pernapasan dan jaringan paru-paru, yang ditandai dengan kesulitan bernafas dan batuk. Studi ini bermaksud untuk menelaah lebih lanjut tentang efektifitas posisi orthopnea terhadap penurunan sesak nafas pada pasien TB paru. Studi ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode quasy experiment dengan rancangan two group pretest posttest design yang bertujuan mengukur penurunan sesak nafas pada pasien TB paru sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Pringadi Medan, pada bulan Agustus 2022. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 50 orang penderita penyakit TB yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok yang diberikan intervensi sebanyak 25 orang dan kelompok kontrol sebanyak 25 orang. Subjek penelitian direkrut dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tahap pretest dan postest dengan menggunakan stopwatch untuk mengukur frekuensi pernapasan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi orthopnea. Analisis data menggunakan uji T-Dependent untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata frekuensi pernapasan sebelum dan sesudah melakukan posisi orthopnea, serta mengetahui perbedaan rerata frekuensi pernapasan antara kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan frekuensi pernapasan pada kelompok intervensi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan posisi orthopnea (p <0,001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan frekuensi pernasapan pada kelompok kontrol sebelum dan sesudah diberikan posisi orthopnea (p= 0,057). Nilai rerata skor frekuensi pernapasan dan pada kelompok intervensi melalui pemberian posisi orthopnea menurun secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Kepatuhan responden ketika diberikan intervensi juga membantu optimalisasi penurunan gejala sesak nafas.
Studi kualitatif: Rendahnya capaian kinerja SPM Pelayanan Kesehatan Balita
Authors: Sibuea Murni , Handini Myrnawati Crie , Sitorus Friska , Ketaren Otniel , Sinaga Janno , Sitorus Mido Ester J. , Nababan Donal
Published: February 2024

Kinerja pelayanan kesehatan balita dapat diukur dengan melihat capaian SPM, sehingga dapat menjustifikasi mutu pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan pada kelompok sasaran program pada kategori baik atau kurang baik. Selama tiga tahun terakhir terlihat bahwa pelayanan kesehatan bagi balita di Puskesmas Simarmata Kabupaten Samosir tidak mencapai target 100%. Penelitian ini berfokus untuk menggali lebih dalam penyebab rendahnya capaian SPM serta upaya yang sudah dilakukan agar target kinerja SPM Pelayanan Kesehatan Balita di Puskesmas Simarmata Kabupaten Samosir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan fenomenologi yang dilakukan pada bulan September 2021 sampai Maret 2023. Informan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari kepala puskesmas, pengelola Program Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) Puskesmas Simarmata, pengelola Program Kesehatan Keluarga Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Samosir, dan bidan desa. Sedangkan informan triangulasi terdiri dari ibu balita, kader posyandu dan guru PAUD. Pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Sebelum mengumpulkan data penelitian, peneliti telah melakukan observasi awal ke Puskesmas Simarmata dan mendapatkan data capaian SPM KIA. Selanjutnya data dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman dengan tahapan analisis yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Dari hasil analisis data terlihat bahwa capaian SPM pelayanan kesehatan balita di Puskesmas Simarmata Kabupaten Samosir hanya berada pada 74,71% dan dapat dikatakan masih jauh dari standar nasional. Berbagai penyebab yang bersifat teknis dan non teknis ditemukan pada riset ini yaitu rendahnya kunjungan ibu dan balita ke posyandu, pemantauan perkembangan tidak terdokumentasi dengan baik karena belum tersedianya formulir Data Dini Tumbuh Kembang (DDTK), petugas kesehatan masih merangkap jabatan, anggaran kegiatan yang terbatas dan jumlah kader yang terbatas.
Prevalensi dan faktor risiko stunting pada anak balita usia 0-59 bulan
Authors: Surbakti Suhartati , Handini Myrnawati Crie , Hutajulu Johansen , Ketaren Otniel , Sembiring Rinawati , Wandra Toni , Nababan Donal
Published: February 2024

Kejadian stunting pada balita dapat mempengaruhi gangguan perkembangan kogninitif bagi anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor risiko stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Siatas Barita Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Kejadian stunting pada balita berhubungan signifikan dengan riwayat BBLR, pemberian ASI Eksklusif, jarak kelahiran, namun tinggi badan ibu tidak berkorelasi signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting. Studi ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi case control. Subyek penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak balita usia 0-59 bulan sebanyak 855 orang. Besar sampel sebesar 135 orang dengan perbandingan 1:2 yaitu kelompok kasus sebanyak 45 orang, dan kelompok kontrol sebanyak 90 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan simple random sampling. Waktu penelitian dilakukan sejak Juni 2022 – Maret 2023. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi square test dan Regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian melaporkan bahwa kejadian stunting pada balita berkorelasi kuat dengan riwayat BBLR, pemberian ASI Eksklusif, jarak kelahiran, namun tinggi badan ibu tidak berkorelasi signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting. Jarak kelahiran merupakan variabel yang dominan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita (p=0,004;OR=7,94;CI 95% 1,908-33,074). Untuk itu disarankan kepada ibu balita agar menjaga jarak kelahiran anak sehingga dapat memberikan pengasuhan yang baik bagi anak.
AIR REGIME OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS
Authors: Datciuk T. , Ulyasheva V. , Verhovskiy A.
Published: February 2024

The air regime of multi-stores buildings is formed under the influence of wind pressure, air per-meability of enclosing structures, and the characteristics of the functioning of ventilation systems. The complex task of ensuring standardized air parameters in high-rise buildings is quite complex due to the presence of the stack effect, the action of which in the cold season leads to an increase in infiltration and energy consumption. In design practice, infiltration calculations are carried out using engineering methods that do not provide identical solutions. To assess the impact of in-filtration on the air regime of unique buildings, numerical calculations or modeling in wind tun-nels are used, which have a certain degree of reliability. The paper reviews the work on the influ-ence of the stack effect on the location of the neutral axis of the building and infiltration. One of the main measures to reduce infiltration is the use of façade structures with low air permeability. The selection of façade structures is more reliably carried out taking into account test results. Ex-perimental data are presented for determining the air permeability of a fragment of a modular fa-cade and their comparison with the regulatory requirements of the Russian Federation and differ-ent countries. The discrepancy between the calculation results using engineering methods and test results is shown. It is proposed to use the volume flow coefficient to determine the volume of infil-tration air when the pressure difference changes over a wide range. Tested structures can be rec-ommended for high-rise buildings to ensure the required tightness.
Association between English Proficiency and Kidney Disease Knowledge and Communication Quality among Patients with ESKD
Authors: Martinez Ashley , Warner Austin , Powe Neil R. , Fernandez Alicia , Tuot Delphine S.
Published: February 2024

Key Points

In one hospital-based safety-net dialysis unit, only one half of patients with ESKD knew their cause of kidney failure, which did not differ by English proficiency status.

Patients with limited English proficiency (versus English-proficient patients) reported poorer communication with the dialysis care team (less listening, fewer clear explanations, less time spent).

We highlight the need for tailored, patient-centered communication between limited English-proficient patients and dialysis care team members.

Background

ESKD is a chronic health condition for which communication between health care teams and patients is important to guide patient self-management activities. Yet, little is known about the quality of communication among patients with ESKD and their care team members. We examined the influence of patient's limited English proficiency (LEP) status on communication experiences at one dialysis center.

Methods

A survey was administered to adults receiving ESKD care at a dialysis unit within a public health care delivery system between July 2022 and February 2023, to ascertain kidney disease knowledge and perceptions of communication quality with the dialysis care team. Multivariable logistic and ordinal logistic regression models adjusted for age and sex were used to determine associations between LEP status and CKD knowledge.

Results

Among 93 eligible patients, 88.2% (n=82) completed the survey. Approximately 37.8% (n=31) had LEP, mean age was 58.8 years, 68.3% were men, mean dialysis vintage was 3.9 years, and 25% had a positive depression screen (LEP 30%; English-proficient 22%). A higher proportion of English-proficient patients screened positive for limited health literacy compared to those with LEP (74.5% versus 38.7%, P = 0.002). Overall, knowledge of assigned cause of ESKD (53.4%) and CKD/transplant knowledge (57.3%) was suboptimal. After adjustment, LEP status was not significantly associated with knowing the correct cause of kidney failure (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.19 to 1.27) but was significantly associated with having a higher score on a CKD/transplant knowledge scale (odds ratio, 3.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.66 to 9.58). Patients with LEP reported poorer communication quality with dialysis providers and staff (less listening, fewer clear explanations, less time spent with patients) compared with English-proficient patients, although differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Overall communication between patients with ESKD and members of the dialysis care team was suboptimal, regardless of English proficiency. Interventions to enhance communication for ESKD patients are needed.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ТА ОБОРОНОЗДАТНОСТІ УКРАЇНИ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Павленко Т. А.
Published: February 2024

У статті розглянуто роль, місце та важливість використання технологій штучного інтелекту в гарантії національної безпеки України та її напрямів, а також обороноздатності нашої країни. Наголошено на важливості впровадження досвіду зарубіжних країн щодо швидкого, ефективного та гнучкого забезпечення потреб суспільства у воєнній безпеці та обороноздатності держави у період збройної агресії та в повоєнний період шляхом впровадження новітніх технологій, зокрема технологій штучного інтелекту. Окрему увагу приділено питанню правового режиму штучного інтелекту та вивченню стратегічного бачення використання можливостей штучного інтелекту в гарантії національної безпеки, її напрямів та обороноздатності України. Зазначено, що сьогодні в нашій державі прийнято шість довгострокових документів у безпековому напрямі, що безпосередньо або опосередковано стосуються питань національної безпеки, обороноздатності нашої держави й певним чином торкаються проблем використання технологій штучного інтелекту та сучасних інформаційних технологій. Визначено, що Україна обрала європейський шлях цифровізації розвитку суспільства та поширення технологій штучного інтелекту. Разом з тим, встановлено, що єдиного стратегічного уявлення щодо напряму стратегічного розвитку технологій штучного інтелекту в сфері гарантії національної безпеки та її напрямів немає, що може негативно впливати на подальший процес упровадження таких технологій у забезпеченні національної безпеки та обороноздатності нашої країни.
ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОКАРАННЯ НЕПОВНОЛІТНІМ ОСОБАМ ЯК СПЕЦІАЛЬНА ЗАСАДА ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОКАРАННЯ
Authors: Шинкарьов Ю. В.
Published: February 2024

У статті здійснено спробу наукової розвідки порядку призначення покарання неповнолітній особі як спеціальної засади призначення кримінального покарання. Констатовано своєчасність і відповідність напрямам розвитку сучасної кримінально-правової науки питанням, пов’язаним із призначенням покарання, і, зокрема, спеціальних засад його призначення. Проаналізовано сучасні наукові праці, пов’язані із дослідженням спеціальних засад призначення покарання. Окреслено зв’язок, узаємодія і взаємозалежність загальних і спеціальних засад призначення покарання. Визначено, що правова природа й призначення спеціальних засад покарання полягають у доповненні та конкретизації загальних засад призначення покарання. Наведено низку праць науковців, предметом пошуку яких є спеціальні засади призначення покарання. Констатовано відсутність комплексної наукової розробки спеціальних засад призначення покарання як субінституту кримінального права. Визначено відсутність єдиного, узаємоузгодженого і сталого в сучасній науці розуміння спеціальних засад призначення покарання. Наведено основні наукові погляди на розуміння спеціальних засад кримінального покарання, основні наукові підходи до формування елементів або видів системи спеціальних засад призначення кримінального покарання. Визначено відсутність одноманітності та єдиного правового розуміння алгоритму залучення окремих елементів до спеціальних засад призначення покарання. Визначено, що в більшості наукових досліджень до спеціальних засад призначення покарання належить положення ст. 103 Кримінального кодексу України, які визначають особливості призначення кримінального покарання неповнолітнім особам. У статті проаналізовано положення ст. 103 Кримінального кодексу України на предмет їхньої відповідності розумінню спеціальної засади призначення покарання. Констатовано неоднозначність розуміння порядку призначення покарання неповнолітнім особам як спеціальної засади призначення покарання. Визначено можливість концептуальної зміни підходу в розумінні засади призначення покарання, зокрема й спеціальної. Констатовано змогу розуміння положень ст. 103 Кримінального кодексу України як спеціальної засади призначення покарання при сучасному й найбільш поширеному розумінні такого правового явища як засада призначення кримінального покарання.
ЩОДО РОЗУМІННЯ ПРАВОВОЇ КОНСТРУКЦІЇ «УКЛАДЕННЯ ТРУДОВОГО ДОГОВОРУ» В ПЛОЩИНІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТІ В ТРУДОВОМУ ПРАВІ
Authors: Панаско Ю. І.
Published: February 2024

Метою статті є характеристика розуміння конструкції «укладення трудового договору» в площині реалізації принципу справедливості в трудовому праві. Наголошено на тому, що в сучасному законодавстві наявні різні словесні конструкції, що характеризують початок трудових відносин, обґрунтовано думку, що слід розрізняти поняття «укладення трудового договору», «оформлення трудового договору», «повідомлення відповідного органу про укладений трудовий договір». Акцентовано увагу, що трудове законодавство, хоча й застосовує ці різні поняття, не містить прямої визначеної відповіді на питання, що вважати «укладенням трудового договору». Зроблено висновок, що сучасне трудове законодавство, ґрунтуючись на принципі справедливості, розробило своє розуміння конструкції «укладення трудового договору». Ця конструкція є складником юридично значущих дій, що дозволяють не тільки виникнути трудовим правовідносинам, але й легалізувати їх. Законодавець під укладенням трудового договору розуміє не тільки погодження сторонами умов трудового договору, а власне весь комплексний процес легалізації трудових відносин – тобто коли держава отримує інформацію, що такі відносини є через оформлення трудових відносин у конкретного роботодавця й подання останнім інформації до Державної податкової служби України
Rural and Urban Consumer Behavior Towards Consumer Durable and Non-Durable Products: A Comparative Study in Vellore District
Authors: Dharmaraj R. , Amudha M.
Published: February 2024

This study investigates and compares the consumer behavior towards both durable and non-durable products in the context of rural and urban settings within Vellore District. Through a comprehensive analysis, the research aims to uncover distinctive patterns, preferences, and factors influencing consumer choices in these two environments. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics shaping consumer behavior, providing valuable insights for businesses and policymakers seeking to address the diverse needs of both rural and urban markets. Purchaser behavior is an enormous and complex subject. The purchaser, essentially a market influencer, determines the future of associations. Understanding the approach and actions of clients is not a simple task, making it impossible to expect a complete understanding of customer behavior. Consequently, consumers play an increasingly crucial role in today’s marketing and business activities. Every business relies on its customers and invests significant effort in attracting and facilitating deals for them. This is primarily due to intense competition in the market, leading entrepreneurs to develop various strategies to cater to a diverse customer base as the retail market expands. Consumer behavior is dynamic, varying from situation to situation, opportunity to opportunity, customer to customer, and item to item. Therefore, marketers need to grasp customer behavior in different regions and formulate distinct strategies to attract purchasers. Numerous researchers have conducted a considerable number of studies on this subject, although the current review focuses on a smaller scale. Furthermore, there is a necessity for a separate program for each aspect of the buyer. Consequently, the purpose of this investigation is to explore and analyze the customer behavior of rural and metropolitan customers toward both solid and non-solid products in Vellore, Tamil Nadu.
Performance of Milk Co-Operatives and its Impact on Milk Production, Marketing, Income and Employment in Vellore District - An Analytical Study
Authors: Dharmaraj R.
Published: February 2024

Milk co-specialists are an essential piece of the milk exhibiting and dairy improvement program in India. prominently known as the “Activity Flood,” which was initiated in July 1970 by the Indian government in collaboration with the United Nations Food Program. The activity flood is one of the largest ever implemented rural development programs and focuses on the establishment of a cutting-edge dairy industry to meet India’s rapidly expanding demand for milk and its products and prepare it for sustainable growth. Action flood helped dairy farmers to facilitate their own new development, putting control of the resources they make in their own hands. A public milk network joins milk creators generally through India with clients in more than 700 towns and metropolitan networks, diminishing periodic and common expense assortments while ensuring that the producer gets fair market costs in a clear manner reliably. The town milk producers, which obtain milk and provide sources of information and services while evaluating the accessibility of current administration and technology, have served as the foundation of the activity flood. Movement flood targets integrate (a) Addition milk creation (“A Food of Milk”) (b) Extend common jobs (c) Reasonable expenses for customers. Movement flood has made a public milk structure associating milk creators generally through India with customers in excess of 700 towns and metropolitan networks, diminishing periodic and regional expense assortments while ensuring that the producer gets a critical part of the expense purchasers pay, by eliminating merchants. It has assisted dairy ranchers in coordinating their own events and taking control of the assets they produce by reducing misbehavior.
The Self and the Society: A Critique of Sociocultural Narratives in Media and Literature
Authors: Kejapriya S  , S. Prabahar
Published: February 2024

Sociocultural narratives inextricably form people’s self-identification or the identity of a group. It is essential to learn about their History through storytelling, whether from books or oral traditions. Oral traditions can be used to track the sociocultural behaviors of the past and those of the present and their rationale. Additionally, Oral Traditions help one understand and become conscious of the context around a specific practice. In sociocultural views, narrative can serve as a starting point for identifying a suitable framework for explaining how people acquire their identity by learning about History. The media can tell societal stories through songs, movies, animations, and even other forms of storytelling. The filmmaker reveals to his audience the identity that has been forgotten or the unrecorded History behind it by making his film based on the sociocultural practices or beliefs of the specific group or individual. The present research aims to scrutinize the role of sociocultural narratives in helping individuals and groups discover their identities by illustrating the relationship between sociocultural viewpoints and oral traditions in both Literature and Media.
The Digital Deception: Linguistic Framework and Discourse Analysis of Crime Communications
Authors: Bavyaa R  , M. Ashitha Varghese
Published: February 2024

This paper deals with understanding the crimes that are happening in internet culture in different fields in online communities. There are many reasons behind these crimes: follows phishing, hacking and piracy etc., In every culture and subculture language plays a major role and it forms the base of the community. Apart from that, the language has many characteristics, it also has a connection with emotional and psychological wellbeing of a person. There are many types of crimes happening online but this research mainly focuses on the crimes that are happening through online communities. The important reason that the victims are trapped, is through the language and words which are used to trigger or attract the victim towards the target by the offender. It is easy to attract or trigger someone in person through effective communication when they have a good connection with each other, by understanding the emotional and psychological stand of each other. But in online culture it is hard to make a trap for people through communication when they don’t know each other. But this happens when we select the appropriate language and words to trigger a person. When the offender chooses the language and the words for the communication, he should be very wise and careful because it is not only for the single person, it is for a different number of people who have different physical, psychological, mental and emotional background. So, a language plays a major and important role. Even after the crime, language is the only thing that has a major role. The offender after the crime or after achieving his targets, he has a set or collection of words and language to handle the aftermath of the crime.
Analysing the Role of Social Media in Facilitating the Emerging Anti-Woke Sentiments
Authors: Megha G S  , P. Nagaraj
Published: February 2024

Social media has become an omnipresent force shaping cultural trends in contemporary society. Through platforms like Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok, individuals can swiftly share ideas, images, and opinions, fostering a rapid exchange of cultural influences. The accessibility and speed of information dissemination on these platforms amplify the spread of trends, from fashion and music to language and lifestyle. Social media’s influence extends beyond mere reflection, actively contributing to the creation of new cultural phenomena. It acts as a dynamic mirror, both reflecting and shaping the collective consciousness of societies worldwide, molding cultural landscapes in ways unprecedented in previous eras.
Artificial Intelligence and its Significance in Education: A Theoretical Perspectives
Authors: K. Vellaichamy
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to completely transform education in a number of ways, increasing accessibility, efficiency, and personalization of instruction. AI’s place in education, one of the newest areas in educational technology has always held great importance. From the advent of automated learning to robotic. AI and answer sheet analysis systems have long benefited instructors and students. In this study, we have examined the numerous analytical advancements applied throughout the globe, like computer science methods applied in the field of education. Our Results show that artificial intelligence (AI) forms the foundation of all information science-enabled clever educational programs. These systems support the growth of attributes like self-awareness, ability to answer complex questions, ability to divide conflict statements, ability to create creative queries, and aptitude for making decisions.
Transmedial Analysis of the Passion Narrative in the Scripture and the Movie the Passion of the Christ
Authors: Sherlin Johnson  , S. Prabahar
Published: February 2024

Transmedia storytelling is the art of narrating stories using various media, with each medium adding something distinct to the narrative universe. This narrative universe may be accomplished with any media, including radio, TV, movies, video games, internet video, and web applications. The paper aims to demonstrate how different media platforms may convey one or more events over various channels to create a coherent whole. The article aims to comprehend the intricacies of translating written information into a visual medium using a cinematic approach. This study examines a trans-medial examination of two distinct transmedia storytelling approaches: the conventional methods of conveying the gospels in the Bible and the translation of the Gospels in the Scripture into a film. The two sources that were taken into consideration are the Four Gospels in the Holy Bible, which describes the final hours of Jesus’ life on Earth, and Mel Gibson’s film adaptation of those Gospels in the Scripture, The Passion of the Christ, which shows the events surrounding Christ’s conception, life, teachings, healings, temptation, and the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. Gibson opted for the transmedia medium of a movie to raise global awareness of Jesus’ sufferings in his last hours on Earth. This essay traces Gibson’s creative liberty by comparing his portrayal of The Passion of the Christ to the Biblical account of Jesus’ suffering in his final hours.
Innovative Methods of Teaching Urdu Language in Digital Era
Authors: Syed Hayath Basha
Published: February 2024

Teaching is one of the challenging professions in the era of advanced technology. It is not a cup of tea to everyone. Especially to untrained teachers though they are working in the field of teaching. Adaption of suitable method is also one of the challenges in the profession. It is called as a noble profession. According to a model teacher Sri Sarve Pally Radha Krishnan, “Teacher is the person before whom the entire universe bows”. In order to teach effectively, language is one of the important tool for students for all disciplines. Teaching of Urdu is a challenging task in the era of technological advancement. Urdu is an attractive and sweet language for most of the speakers. Difference innovative methods can be used for creating interest among the teachers and learners such as lecture method, story telling method, interactive method, discussion method, problem solving method. Krashen (1982 : 125) discusses several approaches or what he calls “the most widely used methods” to language teaching, with the questions – on each approach to classroom teaching: what extent it satisfies the requirements for optimal input”, and “what extent it puts learning in its proper place”. These approaches have positively advanced the course of language teaching and learning so much so that there is the need to have more insight on the approaches and what contribution they can still make to our contemporary language study. The present paper focuses and discusses on various innovative methods of teaching Urdu language with reference to digital advancements.
The Postmodern Condition of Fragmentation in Githa Hariharan’s “Fugitive Histories”
Authors: R. Sophia Rani
Published: February 2024

Post -1980 is the period of postmodernism in Indian English Literature with the postmodern novelists featuring Indian tradition and history in a new light using new narrative strategies. Githa Hariharan as a postmodern writer has used the technique of rewriting myths and histories to liberate women. Lisa Tuttle defines feminist theory as asking “new questions of old texts”. Old texts are revisited to challenge the gender stereotypes embedded in myths that have fashioned this patriarchal society. Githa Hariharan, in her novel “Fugitive Histories” recalls the Gujarat riots that have left an indelible mark in the lives of the affected people who look out to some form of rehabilitation to keep going in this uncertain world. The female characters she depicts, are strong enough to combat the present situation though they face all kinds of suppression and the sense of resignation with which they bring peace into their life really takes Githa Hariharan to another level. She has tried her best to celebrate life amidst chaos that exists in modern society for she understands that there is no use lamenting over the loss of the past or the collapse of selfhood as Tim Woods rightly points out in his book “Beginning Postmodernism”. This paper analyses the postmodern condition of fragmentation in the novel “Fugitive Histories” and shows how women try to reconstruct their lives in the midst of the disparity that prevails in society based on religion and gender.
Memoirs of a Ghirlhood among Ghosts
Authors: D. Tamilarasi  , M. Shuba
Published: February 2024

Maxine Hong Kingston’s memoir, The Woman Warrior, delves into the intricacies of Chinese American identity, familial bonds, and the potency of narratives. Kingston explores issues of gender roles, cultural assimilation, and the quest for self-definition while drawing on her personal experiences. Brave Orchid, Kingston’s mother tells story to here daughter about an aunt on her father’s side of the family. While her husband is working in America, this aunt whom Kingston refers to as No Name Woman of Kingston aunt because the family never says her real name becomes pregnant. In Women Warrior the Maxine Hong Kingston the author wants to make an history by having here” no name aunt” life real incident which happened in chinese culture.
Innovative Approaches and New Technology to Teach Literature and Language
Authors: Sachin H. Telkhade
Published: February 2024

The research paper is an attempt to find and study some innovative approaches to teach literature and language. Innovative teaching is the procedure of introducing new teaching strategies and methods into the classroom. The aim of introducing these new teaching methods is to improve academic progress. In this regard, the challenge for the teacher is to capture the students’ concentration. Teaching learning methods should be more effective, in view of this, it is necessary to use innovative approaches and new technologies. In this era of technology, there is a huge give and take of ideas, information, and experiences about modern technologies. Teachers from higher education use the growing experience to introduce new technologies and teaching techniques to update the teaching and learning experience of language teachers at the current stage of education. This article will try to study some innovative ideas to make the classes live. The use of innovative approaches in educational system has the power to improve education. The aim of this paper is to put forward innovative teaching methods that will be helpful to communicate knowledge. This paper will address the promotion of new methods and use of technology in teaching.