bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathways for the formation of ice polymorphs from water predicted by a metadynamics method
Authors: Nada Hiroki
Published: March 2020

The mechanism of how ice crystal form has been extensively studied by many researchers but remains an open question. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are a useful tool for investigating the molecular-scale mechanism of crystal formation. However, the timescale of phenomena that can be analyzed by MD simulations is typically restricted to microseconds or less, which is far too short to explore ice crystal formation that occurs in real systems. In this study, a metadynamics (MTD) method was adopted to overcome this timescale limitation of MD simulations. An MD simulation combined with the MTD method, in which two discrete oxygen–oxygen radial distribution functions represented by Gaussian window functions were used as collective variables, successfully reproduced the formation of several different ice crystals when the Gaussian window functions were set at appropriate oxygen–oxygen distances: cubic ice, stacking disordered ice consisting of cubic ice and hexagonal ice, high-pressure ice VII, layered ice with an ice VII structure, and layered ice with an unknown structure. The free-energy landscape generated by the MTD method suggests that the formation of each ice crystal occurred via high-density water with a similar structure to the formed ice crystal. The present method can be used not only to study the mechanism of crystal formation but also to search for new crystals in real systems.
Publisher Correction: The Dopamine D5 receptor contributes to activation of cholinergic interneurons during L-DOPA induced dyskinesia
Authors: Castello Julia , Cortés Marisol , Malave Lauren , Kottmann Andreas , Sibley David R. , Friedman Eitan , Rebholz Heike
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Publisher Correction: Secretory phospholipase A2-IIA overexpressing mice exhibit cyclic alopecia mediated through aberrant hair shaft differentiation and impaired wound healing response
Authors: Chovatiya Gopal L. , Sarate Rahul M. , Sunkara Raghava R. , Gawas Nilesh P. , Kala Vineet , Waghmare Sanjeev K.
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Sjögren syndrome/scleroderma autoantigen 1 is a direct Tankyrase binding partner in cancer cells
Authors: Perdreau-Dahl Harmonie , Progida Cinzia , Barfeld Stefan J. , Guldsten Hanne , Thiede Bernd , Arntzen Magnus , Bakke Oddmund , Mills Ian G. , Krauss Stefan , Morth J. Preben
Published: March 2020

Sjögren syndrome/scleroderma autoantigen 1 (SSSCA1) was first described as an auto-antigen over-expressed in Sjögren’s syndrome and in scleroderma patients. SSSCA1 has been linked to mitosis and centromere association and as a potential marker candidate in diverse solid cancers. Here we characterize SSSCA1 for the first time, to our knowledge, at the molecular, structural and subcellular level. We have determined the crystal structure of a zinc finger fold, a zinc ribbon domain type 2 (ZNRD2), at 2.3 Å resolution. We show that the C-terminal domain serves a dual function as it both behaves as the interaction site to Tankyrase 1 (TNKS1) and as a nuclear export signal. We identify TNKS1 as a direct binding partner of SSSCA1, map the binding site to TNKS1 ankyrin repeat cluster 2 (ARC2) and thus define a new binding sequence. We experimentally verify and map a new nuclear export signal sequence in SSSCA1.
New findings and current controversies in the reaction of ruthenium red and ammonium cerium(iv) nitrate: focus on the precipitated compound
Authors: Sarvi Bahram , Hosseini Seyedeh Maedeh , Deljoo Bahareh , El-Sawy Abdelhamid , Shirazi Amin Alireza , Aindow Mark , Suib Steven L. , Najafpour Mohammad Mahdi
Published: March 2020

During water-oxidation reaction in the presence of RuR and CAN, a heterogeneous nano-sized Ru-Ce compound is detected, which is formed by the interaction of [(NH3)5RuORu(NH3)4ORu(NH3)5],6+/7+ nitrate ions, and the products of the reduction of CAN.
Differential formation of nitrogen-centered radicals leading to unprecedented, regioselective bromination of N,N′-(1,2-phenylene)bisamides and 2-amidophenols
Authors: Motati Damoder Reddy , Uredi Dilipkumar , Burra Amarender Goud , Bowen J. Phillip , Fronczek Frank R. , Smith Clint R. , Watkins E. Blake
Published: March 2020

A highly efficient, site-selective, visible light-accelerated, remote C–H halogenation of unsymmetrical aromatic bisamides/amidoesters has been developed.
T54R mutation destabilizes the dimer of superoxide dismutase 1T54R by inducing steric clashes at the dimer interface
Authors: Ghosh Debasish Kumar , Kumar Abhishek , Ranjan Akash
Published: March 2020

T54R mutation destabilizes the dimer of SOD1T54R.
Quantification of cyclic DNA polymerization with lanthanide coordination nanomaterials for liquid biopsy
Authors: Zhou Wenting , Wang Lei , Liu Can , Teng Qiuyi , Wang Zhaoyin , Dai Zhihui
Published: March 2020

DNA polymerization is quantified by fluorescent pyrophosphate–cerium lanthanide coordination polymer networks, and is used to detect circulating tumor DNA sensitively.
Novel ratiometric electrochemical sensor for no-wash detection of fluorene-9-bisphenol based on combining CoN nanoarrays with molecularly imprinted polymers
Authors: Liu Zhaoyi , Zhang Yong , Li Bing , Ren Xiang , Ma Hongmin , Wei Qin
Published: March 2020

A ratiometric molecularly imprinted polymers electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on the direct electrochemical oxidation of BHPF on CoN nanoarray electrode.
A molten-salt protected pyrolysis approach for fabricating a ternary nickel–cobalt–iron oxide nanomesh catalyst with promoted oxygen-evolving performance
Authors: Xie Junfeng , Guo Yanqing , Lou Shanshan , Wei Zimeng , Hao Pin , Lei Fengcai , Tang Bo
Published: March 2020

A NiCoFe oxide nanomesh with two-dimensional morphology, quasi-single-crystalline feature and remarkable OER performance was fabricatedviaa molten-salt protected pyrolysis approach.
2D PC3 as a promising thermoelectric material
Authors: Rajput Kaptan , Roy Debesh R.
Published: March 2020

Thermoelectric properties of monolayer PC3 is reported for the first time.
Site-dependent selectivity in oxidation reactions on single Pt nanoparticles
Authors: Dery Shahar , Kim Suhong , Feferman Daniel , Mehlman Hillel , Toste F. Dean , Gross Elad
Published: March 2020

Site-dependent selectivity in oxidation reactions on Pt nanoparticles was identified by conducting IR nanospectroscopy measurements while using allyl-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes (allyl-NHCs) as probe molecules.
Correction: Ultrahigh power factor and flexible silver selenide-based composite film for thermoelectric devices
Authors: Lu Yao , Qiu Yang , Cai Kefeng , Ding Yufei , Wang Mengdi , Jiang Cong , Yao Qin , Huang Changjun , Chen Lidong , He Jiaqing
Published: March 2020

Correction for ‘Ultrahigh power factor and flexible silver selenide-based composite film for thermoelectric devices’ by Yao Lu et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/c9ee01609k.
High performance red/deep-red emitting phosphors for white LEDs
Authors: Rajendran Marikumar , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar
Published: March 2020

NaSrGd(MoO4)3:Eu3+ red phosphor exhibits higher quantum efficiency (82%) and the fabricated white LED showed 74% CRI and 6823 K CCT.
A rare-earth-free self-activated phosphor: Li2TiSiO5with TiO5square pyramids
Authors: Li Yanyan , Zhou Yanyan , Xiao Jianqiang , Yang Dengchun , Dai Lu , Yang Yaqiang , Zhao Lei
Published: March 2020

Li2TiSiO5shows a broad emission band covering the visible region due to the coexistence of TiO5and TiO6polyhedra.
Phonon thermal conductivity reduction in silicene nanotubes with isotope substitution
Authors: Yu Xiaodong , Li Haipeng , Zhou Jiasheng
Published: March 2020

Here we investigate the isotopic doping effects on phonon thermal conductivity of silicene nanotubes by employing molecular dynamics simulations
Synthesis of an anthraquinone-containing polymeric photosensitizer and its application in aerobic photooxidation of thioethers
Authors: Chen Yang , Hu Jianhua , Ding Aishun
Published: March 2020

Work on the synthesis of a polymeric photosensitizer and its application in the photooxidation of thioethers is reported herein.
Fast diffusion mechanism in Li4P2S6via a concerted process of interstitial Li ions
Authors: Stamminger Andreas R. , Ziebarth Benedikt , Mrovec Matous , Hammerschmidt Thomas , Drautz Ralf
Published: March 2020

A new diffusion path comprising the concerted migration of lithium ions is proposed for Li4P2S6. Detailed analysis of the underlying migration process reveals a significantly reduced energy barrier compared to purely interstitial migration.
A new azobenzene-based design strategy for detergents in membrane protein research
Authors: Urner Leonhard H. , Schulze Maiko , Maier Yasmine B. , Hoffmann Waldemar , Warnke Stephan , Liko Idlir , Folmert Kristin , Manz Christian , Robinson Carol V. , Haag Rainer , Pagel Kevin
Published: March 2020

Here, L. H. Urner and co-workers identify a new detergent design strategy for the non-denaturing structural analysis of membrane proteins by studying the gas-phase properties of azobenzene-based oligoglycerol detergents.
Nickel induced electronic structural regulation of cobalt hydroxide for enhanced water oxidation
Authors: Wang Yuan , Yang Chenxi , Huang Yunxia , Li Zhimin , Liang Zuozhong , Cao Guozhong
Published: March 2020

The nickel induced electronic structure regulation of cobalt hydroxide for enhanced water oxidation activity was demonstrated.
An oxygen vacancy-rich two-dimensional Au/TiO2 hybrid for synergistically enhanced electrochemical N2 activation and reduction
Authors: Zhao Sen , Liu Han-Xuan , Qiu Yu , Liu Shuang-Quan , Diao Jin-Xiang , Chang Chun-Ran , Si Rui , Guo Xiao-Hui
Published: March 2020

An oxygen vacancy-rich Au/TiO2 hybrid nanosheet is used as an electrocatalyst for NRR that delivers a high NH3 yield of 64.6 μg h−1 mg−1 cat and an faradic efficiency (FE) of 29.5% and excellent structural stability under ambient conditions.
Adipocyte lipolysis: from molecular mechanisms of regulation to disease and therapeutics
Authors: Yang Alexander , Mottillo Emilio P.
Published: March 2020

Fatty acids (FAs) are stored safely in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) in lipid droplet (LD) organelles by professional storage cells called adipocytes. These lipids are mobilized during adipocyte lipolysis, the fundamental process of hydrolyzing TAG to FAs for internal or systemic energy use. Our understanding of adipocyte lipolysis has greatly increased over the past 50 years from a basic enzymatic process to a dynamic regulatory one, involving the assembly and disassembly of protein complexes on the surface of LDs. These dynamic interactions are regulated by hormonal signals such as catecholamines and insulin which have opposing effects on lipolysis. Upon stimulation, patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 (PNPLA2)/adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL), the rate limiting enzyme for TAG hydrolysis, is activated by the interaction with its co-activator, alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5), which is normally bound to perilipin 1 (PLIN1). Recently identified negative regulators of lipolysis include G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) and PNPLA3 which interact with PNPLA2 and ABHD5, respectively. This review focuses on the dynamic protein–protein interactions involved in lipolysis and discusses some of the emerging concepts in the control of lipolysis that include allosteric regulation and protein turnover. Furthermore, recent research demonstrates that many of the proteins involved in adipocyte lipolysis are multifunctional enzymes and that lipolysis can mediate homeostatic metabolic signals at both the cellular and whole-body level to promote inter-organ communication. Finally, adipocyte lipolysis is involved in various diseases such as cancer, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease, and targeting adipocyte lipolysis is of therapeutic interest.
Performance analysis of multi‐user NOMA over shadowed fading
Authors: Nguyen Thanh‐Luan , Le Chi‐Bao , Do Dinh‐Thuan
Published: March 2020

In this Letter, performance of multiple users in downlink of non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network considering the general shadowed fading model which was proposed in recent years is studied. In particular, main metrics including the outage probability, ergodic rate related to ordered channels are derived in novel and exact expressions for arbitrary values of the fading parameters. Moreover, numerical simulations are carried out in order to exhibit further insights on how the system performance is affected by the fading parameters.
Brachylaima spp. (Trematoda) parasitizing Cornu aspersum (Gastropoda) in France with potential risk of human consumption
Authors: Gérard Claudia , Ansart Armelle , Decanter Nolwenn , Martin Marie-Claire , Dahirel Maxime
Published: March 2020

The edible land snail Cornu aspersum, native to the Mediterranean coastlines of North Africa, is widely distributed on most continents and often invasive in areas where introduction is recent. This species could contribute to the geographic spread of parasites as demonstrated for Brachylaima spp. These cosmopolitan trematodes may represent a threat to human health, like in Australia where Brachylaima cribbi infects humans. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time the occurrence of Brachylaima spp. in two French populations of C. aspersum, Thorigné-Fouillard (Ille-et-Vilaine), and Arçais (Deux-Sèvres), with an overall prevalence of 10.4% (Thorigné-Fouillard) and 73.3% (Arçais), respectively and a metacercarial intensity on average three times higher in Thorigné-Fouillard (37) than in Arçais (11). Cornu aspersum may act as a first and second intermediate host, as demonstrated in Arçais. The morphometrics of metacercariae, particularly the great body length about 2 mm, discriminate our Brachylaima species from those already described in C. aspersum (B. cribbi in Australia, and B. aspersae, B. llobregatensis and B. mascomai in Europe). Molecular analysis, based on 28S and COI, suggests the occurrence of two species in our study, one of which is probably Brachylaima mesostoma, an intestinal parasite of passeriform birds described in Central Europe. We underline the need for further research to identify species of Brachylaima in France and measure the health hazard of consuming field-collected snails.
Peritonealdialyse
Authors: Alscher Mark Dominik
Published: March 2020

Das Verfahren der Peritonealdialyse (PD) hat weiter einen großen Stellenwert im Spektrum der Dialyseverfahren. Leider konnte der Anteil der PD-Patienten nicht signifikant gesteigert werden. Die PD muss in Form einer individualisierten Behandlung erfolgen. Bei verbesserter Methodik konnte das Patientenüberleben in den letzten Jahren weiter verbessert werden. Das Management der Komplikationen, insbesondere der infektiösen, folgt internationalen Leitlinien und die Komplikationen werden i. d. R. gut beherrscht. Mit dem Verfahren der assistierten PD haben wir die Möglichkeit, die PD auch bei pflegebedürftigen Patienten einzusetzen.
Umstellung von Cinacalcet auf Etelcalcetid
Authors: Marín Franco Antonio , Terán Redondo Magdalena , Malave Irene , Yépez León Freddy Gabriel , Calvo Simal Sara , Santos Barajas José Javier , Luquín Pedro Abáigar
Published: March 2020

Die Gabe von Kalzimimetika ist eine der am häufigsten angewendeten Behandlungen für die Therapie des sekundären Hyperparathyreoidismus (sHPT) bei Dialysepatienten. Ein hoher PTH-Spiegel (PTH: Parathormon) ist mit einer höheren Morbidität und Mortalität verbunden. In dieser Studie wurden die Hämodialysepatienten im Universitätsklinikum Burgos (Spanien) in Behandlung mit Cinacalcet auf Etelcalcetid umgestellt. Vor der Therapieumstellung wurden für ca. 10 Tage keine Kalzimimetika verabreicht („Auswaschphase“). Die PTH-, Phosphat- und Kalzium-Werte wurden wöchentlich kontrolliert. Cinacalcet (mittlere Dosis 210 mg/Woche) und Etelcalcetid (mittlere Dosis 7,5 mg/Woche) zeigten sich gleich effektiv zur Senkung der PTH-Werte. Die PTH- und Kalzium-Werte waren nach 11 Wochen Etelcalcetid-Therapie signifikativ niedriger als nach nur einer Woche Behandlung. Es ergaben sich weder schwere Hypokalzämien noch relevante QTc-Verlagerungen während der Studie. Zusammenfassend erscheint Etelcalcetid eine therapeutische Alternative für Patienten mit Polypharmazie zu sein.
Veranstaltungsbericht
Authors: Schrooten Charlotte , Großmann Anne
Published: March 2020

Im Gesundheitspolitischen Forum auf dem Nephrologischen Jahresgespräch Ende November 2019 wurde der Fokus auf den Mangel an Pflegepersonal, speziell in nephrologischen Praxen, gelegt. Unter dem Titel „Der Kampf um die Pflege – bleibt die ambulante Nephrologie auf der Strecke?“ wurde diskutiert, welche politischen Rahmenbedingungen geschaffen werden müssen, um die Versorgung nierenkranker Patienten langfristig mit qualifiziertem Pflegepersonal zu sichern.
1500 Euro Preisgeld
Authors: Schäfer Christian
Published: March 2020

Die Thieme Gruppe schreibt im Jahr 2020 wieder den Förderpreis Nephrologische Pflege aus und stiftet das Preisgeld von 1500 Euro.
Veranstaltungsankündigung
Authors: Bundschu Marion
Published: March 2020

Der Schulungsort ist das Hotel Seligweiler (Seligweiler 1, 89081 Ulm-Seligweiler). Weitere Informationen zu den Veranstaltungen finden Sie unter
www.wbs-ulm.de

.
Inhibitory Activity of Extract, Fractions, and Compounds from Zingiber montanum Rhizomes on the Migration of Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Al-Amin Mohammad , Eltayeb Nagla Mustafa , Hossain Chowdhury Faiz , Khairuddean Melati , Fazalul Rahiman Siti Sarah , Salhimi Salizawati Muhamad
Published: March 2020

Zingiber montanum rhizomes are traditionally used for the treatment of numerous human ailments. The present study was carried out to investigate the inhibitory activity of the crude extract, chromatographic fractions, and purified compounds from Z. montanum rhizomes on the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. The effect of the extract on cell migration was investigated by a scratch assay, which showed significant inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner. Vacuum liquid chromatography on silica gel afforded four fractions (Frs. 1 – 4), which were tested on cell migration in the scratch assay. Frs. 1 and 2 showed the most significant inhibition of MDA-MB-231 cell migration. The effect of the most potent fraction (Fr. 2) was further confirmed in a transwell migration assay. The study of Frs. 1 and 2 by gelatin zymography showed significant inhibition of MMP-9 enzyme activity. Chromatographic separation of Frs. 1 and 2 afforded buddledone A (1), zerumbone (2), (2E,9E)-6-methoxy-2,9-humuradien-8-one (3), zerumbone epoxide (4), stigmasterol (5), and daucosterol (6). In a cell viability assay, compounds 1 – 4 inhibited the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The study of buddledone A (1) and zerumbone epoxide (4) on cell migration revealed that 4 significantly inhibited the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells in both scratch and transwell migration assays. The results of the present study may lead to further molecular studies behind the inhibitory activity of zerumbone epoxide (4) on cell migration and support the traditional use of Z. montanum rhizomes for the treatment of cancer.
Peri-implantitis and Severity Level
Authors: Elemek Eser , Agrali Omer Birkan , Kuru Bahar , Kuru Leyla
Published: March 2020

Objectives Different diagnostic criteria were used for diagnosis of peri-implant diseases. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore prevalence of peri-implant diseases and subclassify peri-implantitis based on different levels of radiographic and clinical findings.

Materials and Methods Two hundred patients having 655 dental implants were included in this study. In addition to clinical measurements, standard long-cone parallel technique was used to evaluate marginal bone level around implants. Following diagnosis of peri-implant diseases, peri-implantitis was further subclassified using a severity leveling in terms of marginal bone level and probing depth.

Results Mean age of 200 subjects was 52.8 ± 12.2 years and 63% were females. In total, bleeding on probing was present in 93% and suppuration in 27% of implants. On subject basis, 2.5% were diagnosed as healthy, 28% with peri-implant mucositis (PM), and 69.5% with peri-implantitis, whereas on implant basis, 3.6% were healthy, 36% presented PM, and 60.4% peri-implantitis. Furthermore, when severity leveling was applied, peri-implantitis prevalence changed markedly and ranged from 14.5 to 31.0% at the subject level and from 10.0 to 22.0% at the implant level. Subgingival restoration margins were observed in 70.6% of patients for implants with PM and in 44% patients for implants with peri-implantitis. Most of the implants with peri-implantitis were with platform match (71.5%).

Conclusions Applying different thresholds to the peri-implantitis definition yielded different prevalence rates ranging from 10 to 31%. As no established diagnostic criteria are being used today, results from clinical studies may not reflect the true disease prevalence.
Anorexia Nervosa with Vomiting Episodes: Dermatological and Oral Complications
Authors: Paszynska Elzbieta , Dutkiewicz Agata , Osinska Agata , Mozol-Jursza Marta , Smalc Natalia , Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor Marta , Dmitrzak-Weglarz Monika , Slopien Agnieszka , Jenerowicz Dorota
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to highlight the aspect of oral and cutaneous changes in anorexia nervosa (AN) as a purging type. On the basis of three clinical cases, a description has been made of the beginning and the possible course of the disease, teeth, oral mucosa, and skin changes resulting from the illness. The research method was based on the analysis of the available literature on AN supplemented by clinical experience of presented cases. On the basis of the interdisciplinary analysis, it was concluded that the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of AN are possible only with the collaboration of many specialists—psychiatrist or pediatric psychiatrist, general practitioner, dermatologist, dentist, and if necessary other medical specialists. In this context, psychotherapy is an integral aspect of treatment. Therefore, early intervention is essential to obtain good results of treatment.
Ultrasound-Activated Atom-Economical Approach to the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrrolidin-2-ones through a Four-Component Ugi/5-endo-trig Intramolecular Radical Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Balalaie Saeed , Rahimi Atena Nashta , Ghazvini Helya Janatian , Rominger Frank , Tejeneki Hossein Zahedian , Bijanzadeh Hamid R.
Published: March 2020

An efficient and diversity-oriented access to functionalized pyrrolidin-2-ones through an Ugi reaction of readily available starting materials with a subsequent transformation is described. A two-step reaction sequence of a four-component Ugi reaction and an intramolecular radical-cyclization reaction leads to the chemo- and regioselective formation of a single product with high atom economy and good to high yields. The radicalization of the pseudopeptides generated from the first step by a cavitational mechanism produces the key intermediate for the ultrasound-activated formation of γ-lactams as the final products by β-Michael addition. Among the advantages of this approach are its use of cavitation bubble implosion as an exclusive path to radicalization of the polyfunctional Ugi adduct, its high selectivity, and its short reaction times.
Is Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia Exposure Associated with a Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Hung Tung-Wei , Pan Hui-Hsien , Tsai Jeng-Dau , Chen Hsuan-Ju , Liao Pen-Fen , Sheu Ji-Nan
Published: March 2020

Objective This study aimed to determine whether neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is associated with a risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a large population-based cohort.

Study Design This retrospective cohort study used data from the children's database (2000–2012) of the National Health Insurance Research Database (1996–2012) in Taiwan. We included neonates who were born between 2000 and 2004 and aged <1 month diagnosed with and without hyperbilirubinemia. The primary outcome was physician-diagnosed ASD. At the end of 2012, multivariate Cox's regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs).

Results A total of 67,017 neonates were included. The neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were associated with 1.28-fold increased risk of ASD (HR = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.57) compared with those without hyperbilirubinemia. In subanalysis to determine how phototherapy and exchange transfusion treatment for hyperbilirubinemia were associated with ASD showed no association between treatment and ASD, suggesting the lack of a dose-response effect of hyperbilirubinemia on the risk of ASD. Boys had a nearly six-fold higher risk of ASD than girls (HR = 5.89, 95% CI: 4.41–7.86). Additionally, neonates born with preterm birth and low birth weight were associated with a risk of ASD (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.00–2.13).

Conclusion We did not observe a dose-response effect of hyperbilirubinemia on ASD, but neonatal hyperbilirubinemia may be an independent risk factor for ASD if there is a residual confounding by other perinatal complications. Therefore, this study does not support a causal link between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia exposure and the risk of ASD.
Budgeting the emittance of photoemitted electron beams in a space-charge affected emission regime for free-electron laser applications
Authors: Chen Y. , Krasilnikov M. , Gross M. , Huang P. , Isaev I. , Koschitzki C. , Li X.-K. , Lishilin O. , Loisch G. , Niemczyk R. , Oppelt A. , Qian H.-J. , Shu G. , Stephan F. , Vashchenko G.
Published: March 2020

Free-electron laser based x-ray facilities require high-brightness photoinjectors to provide low emittance electron beams at a fixed bunch charge. The emittance optimization in the injector determines the lowest achievable emittance. Based on experimental emittance optimization at the photoinjector test facility at DESY in Zeuthen, a space-charge affected emission regime is identified, in which the optimum transverse beam emittance is achieved and thus, the injector is routinely operated in this regime. An advanced modeling approach is proposed to consider a dynamic emission process in the simulation of injector beam dynamics, meanwhile allowing detailed studies of the impact of strong space-charge fields during emission on the slice formation of the emitted electron bunch at the cathode. As an application, the proposed approach is used to analyze the budget of the optimized transverse beam emittance. An interplay, taking place in the identified emission regime, between intrinsic cathode emittance and space-charge induced emittance is demonstrated. The resolved behavior by simulation is consistent with the corresponding measurement under practical operation conditions of interest. The obtained results are reported.
Peculiarity of a magnetic structure in a quasi-one-dimensional columbite Co0.4Ni0.6Nb2O6
Authors: Sarvezuk P. W. C. , da Cunha J. B. M. , Isnard O.
Published: March 2020

Quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) spin chain systems have great potential applications in high-density information storage devices, quantum information and computers, because of their quantum magnetism properties. The low-dimensional magnetic behavior has been investigated in ANb2O6, (A = Mn, Fe, Co or Ni) compounds, the structural and magnetic properties are very interesting because the system presents weakly interacting Ising chains, which leads to this quasi-one-dimensional magnetic order. Our investigation combines specific heat and magnetic measurements; x-ray and neutron diffraction (ND). In this work, we present a Co/Ni orthorhombic structure, called columbite, which crystallizes with Pbcn space group, whose formula is Co0.4Ni0.6Nb2O6. Co for Ni substitution induces a continuous lattice volume decrease, preserving the orthorhombic crystal structure. Magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements reveal that antiferromagnetic order occurs at 3.4 K, as a consequence of weak interchain interactions. Partial substitution of the magnetic ion tends to change the magnetic ordering observed in the CoNb2O6 and NiNb2O6. Lastly, we present this magnetic structure changes with the Ni-Co substitution.
Tunability of the spin reorientation transitions with pressure in NdCo5
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Patrick Christopher E. , Edwards Rachel S. , Balakrishnan Geetha , Lees Martin R. , Staunton Julie B.
Published: March 2020

We present pressure-dependent magnetization measurements carried out in the domain of the spin reorientation transitions (SRTs) of a NdCo5 single crystal. The application of a hydrostatic pressure leads to a shift in the SRTs to higher temperatures. This shift is found to be very sensitive to pressure, with the SRT temperatures increasing at a rate of ≈17 K/GPa. To explain the experimental results, we have also performed first-principles calculations of the SRT temperatures for different applied strains, which corroborate the experimental findings. The calculations attribute the pressure dependence of the SRTs to a faster weakening of the Co contribution to the magnetocrystalline anisotropy with pressure compared to the Nd contribution.
Charge coupling in multi-stage laser wakefield acceleration
Authors: Pathak N. , Zhidkov A. , Sakai Y. , Jin Z. , Hosokai T.
Published: March 2020

The multi-stage technique in the laser driven acceleration of electrons has become a critical part for full-optical jitter-free accelerators. Several independent laser drivers and shorter plasma targets allow the stable and reproducible acceleration of electron bunches (or beam) at the GeV energies with narrower energy spreads. Moreover, the charge coupling, necessary for efficient acceleration in the consecutive acceleration stages, depends collectively on the parameters of the injected electron beam, the booster stage, and the nonlinear transverse dynamics of the electron beam in the laser pulse wake. An unmatched electron beam injected in the booster stage and its nonlinear transverse evolution may result in perturbations and even a reduction of the field strength in the acceleration phase of the wakefield. Thus, the analysis and characterization of charge coupling in multi-stage laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) are important. Here, we investigate acceleration of an externally injected electron beam in the laser wakefield, emulating two-stage LWFA, using fully relativistic multi-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. We also study the underlying critical parameters that affect the efficient coupling and acceleration of the injected electron beam in the booster stage.
Observing relaxation in device quality InGaN templates by TEM techniques
Authors: Eldred Tim B. , Abdelhamid Mostafa , Reynolds J. G. , El-Masry N. A. , LeBeau James M. , Bedair S. M.
Published: March 2020

Device quality InGaN templates are synthesized using the semibulk (SB) approach. The approach maintains the film's 2D growth and avoids the formation of indium-metal inclusions. The strain relaxation processes of the grown InxGa1−xN templates are accompanied by variations in the indium content (x) and lattice parameters (a and c) across the InGaN template's thickness as the residual strain is continuously decreasing. This strain and lattice parameters' variation creates difficulties in applying standard x-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Reciprocal Space mapping (RSM) techniques to estimate the residual strain and the degree of the elastic strain relaxation. We used high-resolution High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to monitor the variations of the indium content, lattice parameters, and strain relaxation across the growing InxGa1−xN templates. We show that strain relaxation takes place by V-pit defect formation. Some of these V-pits are refilled by the GaN interlayers in the InxGa1−xN SB templates, while others propagate to the template surface. We present an alternative approach combining photoluminescence (PL) and EDS for estimating the degree of strain relaxation in these InxGa1−xN templates. The values obtained for the degree of relaxation estimated from TEM studies and PL measurements are within reasonable agreement in this study. Device quality InxGa1−xN templates with x ∼ 0.08, with a degree of relaxation higher than 70%, are achieved.
Effect of geometric parameters on synthetic jet: A review
Authors: Hong Mun Hoh , Cheng See Yuan , Zhong Shan
Published: March 2020

A synthetic jet actuator is a fluidic device that produces a jet flow by the periodic ingestion of fluid into and expulsion of fluid out of a cavity across an orifice. Since such a mechanism transfers linear momentum to the fluid without introducing a net mass into the system over an actuation cycle, the synthesized jet is also termed a zero-net-mass-flux jet. Over the last two decades, synthetic jets have been the subject of intense research. It has been shown that the geometric parameters of a synthetic jet actuator can strongly influence the flow characteristics and performance of synthetic jets. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the influence of the geometric parameters of a synthetic jet actuator on the characteristics and performance of synthetic jets. These parameters include the height and diameter of the cavity and the orifice and the shape and edge configuration of the orifice.
Generation of higher harmonics with the fundamental edge wave mode
Authors: Hughes James M. , Kotousov Andrei , Ng Ching-Tai
Published: March 2020

The measurement and evaluation of nonlinear elastic properties represents a great interest in materials science and engineering. These measurements can be conducted using the internal resonance of higher harmonics generated with ultrasonic bulk, Rayleigh, and Lamb waves. However, these waves are spatially dispersive, making the evaluation very difficult. In this paper, we present the outcomes of an experimental study on the generation of higher harmonics with the fundamental mode of edge waves. This wave mode—an analog of the Rayleigh wave—propagates along the apex of an elastic plate, where the lateral plate surfaces naturally avoid spatial dispersion. In addition, this mode is weakly dispersive in the frequency domain enabling approximate internal resonance, which is required for the measurement of material nonlinearities. The current experimental results indicate that the second harmonic of the fundamental edge wave mode grows linearly with the propagation distance. The linear rate of accumulation of this harmonic can then be related to the nonlinear elastic properties as procured by previous theoretical studies.
Fabrication and transfer printing of periodic Pt nanonetwork gratings
Authors: Yu Miao , Li Li , Wu Xiaomin , Song Yingying , Liu Jinyun , Wang Zuobin
Published: March 2020

Metal nanonetworks are applied in various applications, such as biomedicine, bionic materials, optical materials, and new energy materials. Here, periodic variable-sized Pt nanonetwork gratings (PtNGs) are fabricated on the surface of a Pt/Si substrate with single pulse two-beam direct laser interference lithography. The fabricated PtNGs are transferred onto the surface of a glass substrate with polymethyl methacrylate as the transfer mediator. Exposure with different film thicknesses, contrasts, and intensity distributions of the laser interference spot is analyzed, and the formation of nanopatterns is explained. Results show that with the change in the thicknesses of the Pt film, the exposed structures present Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs), Pt gratings, and PtNGs. The morphology and the feature size of the PtNGs are influenced by intensity distributions and the contrast of the laser interference spot significantly.
Statistical analysis of emission, interaction and annihilation of phonons by kink motion in ferroelastic materials
Authors: Zhang Libo , Li Suzhi , Ding Xiangdong , Sun Jun , Salje Ekhard K. H.
Published: March 2020

Our early work showed that the evolution of the twin boundary pattern exhibits an avalanche behavior upon external loading of ferroelastic materials [Salje et al., Phys. Rev. B 83, 104109 (2011)]. The distribution of “jerks” (singularities of potential energy change) was found to follow a power law distribution below a Vogel–Fulcher temperature, mainly related to the movement of kinks in domain boundaries. We use molecular dynamics simulations to study the nucleation, scattering, and annihilation of phonons that are generated by the nucleation and propagation of such kinks. The interaction and scattering of phonons are correlated over a short time period and gradually become uncorrelated before annihilation at large temperature intervals. The movement and interaction of phonons show avalanche behavior. The probability of finding energy jerks follows a power law with exponents around 2.5–3. The distribution of waiting times between jerks also follows a power law. At temperatures above the Vogel–Fulcher temperature, scattering with thermal phonons becomes predominant and no phononic avalanches were observed.
Improved ambient stability of thermally annealed zinc nitride thin films
Authors: Trapalis A. , Farrer I. , Kennedy K. , Kean A. , Sharman J. , Heffernan J.
Published: March 2020

Zinc nitride films are known to readily oxidize in an ambient atmosphere, forming a ZnO/Zn(OH)2 medium. We report that post-growth thermal annealing significantly improves the stability of zinc nitride with a three-order magnitude increase in degradation time from a few days in un-annealed films to several years after annealing. A degradation study was performed on samples annealed under a flow of nitrogen at 200–400 °C, which showed that the stability of the films depends strongly on the annealing temperature. We propose a mechanism for this improvement, which involves a stabilization of the native oxide layer that forms on the surface of zinc nitride films after exposure to ambient conditions. The result holds significant promise for the use of zinc nitride in devices where operational stability is a critical factor in applications.
Two-dimensional image edge enhancement using two orders of Bragg diffraction
Authors: Kotov V.M. , Averin S.V.
Published: March 2020

The process of two-dimensional image edge enhancement with an acousto-optical spatial filter using two orders of light diffraction is studied. It is theoretically shown that the diffraction that occurs in a paratellurite crystal on a ‘slow’ acoustic wave propagating orthogonally to the optical axis of the crystal allows enhancing a two-dimensional edge of an image, transferred by optical radiation with a wavelength of 0.63 μm in a wide band of acoustic frequencies 25 – 50 MHz. Enhancement of a two-dimensional image edge at an acoustic frequency of 29 MHz is experimentally demonstrated.
Structural phase transition and manifestation of eddy currents in IR reflection spectra of PbSnTe semiconductor films
Authors: Yakovlev V.A. , Muratov A.V. , Kucherenko I.V. , Vinogradov V.S. , Novikova N.N. , Karczewski G. , Schreyeck S.
Published: March 2020

Infrared reflection spectra of thin (∼60 nm) Pb1−x
Sn
x
Te (x = 0.25, 0.53, 0.59) films grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs/CdTe hybrid substrates have been measured at frequencies from 20 to 5500 cm−1 and temperatures from 5 to 300 K. The spectra have been used to determine temperature-dependent transverse phonon and plasmon frequencies in the films, which has made it possible to identify a structural phase transition at T
C ≈ 50 K. The plasma frequency of the films has been shown to increase with decreasing band gap on cooling from 300 to 77 K. The increase in plasma frequency is mainly attributable to the increase in carrier concentration and a transition of the carriers from vortex states on the film surface to the valence band.
A typological framework of attention-drawing strategies for Ancient Egyptian
metaphorical language
Authors: Di Biase-Dyson Camilla
Published: March 2020

This contribution proposes a typology of attention-drawing strategies for Ancient
Egyptian that is based on qualitative and quantitative analyses of texts from
three genres: wisdom literature, letters and narrative. The focus is on the
criteria for attention-drawing that may operate in a language like Egyptian, as
compared, for example, to English. After outlining the means by which the Egyptian
text corpus can be annotated, it is argued that metaphors can be marked at the
graphemic level (where categorisation plays a role), the phonemic level (where
word play can be important), the lexical-semantic level (which considers
co-textual features), the syntactic level (where metaphors are signalled), the
text-structure level (in which metaphor patterns are significant) and the
pragmatic level (where the reader/hearer is involved). Many metaphors in the
examples exemplify a number of these markings simultaneously, further emphasising
their attention-drawing potential.
A multimodal perspective on MCA
Authors: Cienki Alan
Published: March 2020

Metacommunicative awareness (MCA) is proposed as a scalar phenomenon of being
aware, to different possible degrees, that the form and/or content of how you are
acting could communicate something to someone else. Observable signals of possible
MCA that are based on greater use of effort are discussed on the verbal, prosodic,
gestural, and other levels. Dynamicity in intensity is proposed as an important
property of its nature, even if the quality of potential MCA differs between
different registers and genres. The degree to which an expression, metaphoric or
otherwise, is highlighted in a given instance by signals of possible MCA thus
falls along a scale of saliency. This can be researched without delving into
claims about supposed “deliberateness” of expression.
Early Greek medical metaphors and the question of deliberateness
Authors: Ferella Chiara
Published: March 2020

This paper analyses deliberate metaphor use in three Hippocratic treatises and in
Empedocles’ two famous similes. By exclusively examining direct metaphors and
their textual markers, I first investigate the communicative function metaphors
have in ancient Greek anatomical and physiological argumentation. These are
illustrative tools, items of evidence and/or elements that demonstrate a
given hypothesis, as well as instruments of a heuristic method of enquiry. Second,
I show that there are explicit claims by both authors to deliberate metaphor use:
they claim to use metaphors as metaphors and leave their addressees no option but to
recognise the source domain as such, as this represents the field
in which both theoretical construction and the demonstration of a given hypothesis
take place.
“Entering the house of Hades”
Authors: Horn Fabian
Published: March 2020

This paper considers the possibility of metaphors being used in a deliberate
manner in Early Greek poetry and particularly Homer’s Iliad: the epic
poems of Homer are shaped by a tradition of oral composition and formulaic
language which contains a wealth of metonyms and metaphors. By focusing on the
copious formulaic metaphors and metonyms of death in battle, it will be argued
that the communicative purpose of metaphors, which is essential for philological
interpretation, can be independent of deliberate usage and that deliberateness
constitutes no reliable requirement for poetic purpose and effect.
In search of deliberateness in Maya glyphic texts
Authors: Hamann Agnieszka
Published: March 2020

The extant Maya glyphic texts provide a unique window into Classic Mayan – a
grapholect used by the ancient Maya people. Research has shown that Classic Mayan
made frequent use of metaphoric and metonymic language and iconography (see Hamann, 2014; 2016; 2017).
This paper discusses a number of conceptual metaphors and metonymies identified in
Maya glyphic texts and accompanying iconography. It also investigates if any of
the non-literal expressions (plus accompanying iconography) found in monumental
inscriptions may be potentially interpreted as cases of deliberate metaphor as
defined by Steen (2010; 2013; 2015).
Is all poetic metaphor deliberate?
Authors: Piata Anna
Published: March 2020

The present study focuses on poetic metaphor with the aim to explore the
relationship between verbal creativity and deliberateness. It has been suggested
that novel metaphors are typically deliberate, although this does not mean that
all conventional metaphor is necessarily non-deliberate (Steen, 2010). In this study, I examine metaphors of time
that appear in poetic texts and are linguistically and conceptually conventional,
showing that they can nevertheless be used deliberately via the linguistic and
textual context(s) in which they are embedded. They are thus endowed with new,
enriched contextual meanings, thereby inviting readers to revise their existing
conceptualisations. I finally conclude that deliberateness can serve as an
overarching framework for identifying poetic metaphor and distinguishing it from
metaphor in poetry.
Contractor project manager leadership style based on path goal theory to support construction sustainability
Authors: Sujana Caroline Maretha
Published: March 2020

Sustainability in construction projects has become an essential issue To implement sustainability in the construction project, trained personnel are needed. However, the temporary projects and the turnover of the project team members remained obstructions in performing these principles. Leadership is a competency that must be possessed by the contractor project manager in leading the project and making sure the construction project sustainability constructing subordinate engagement and organizational learning. Various studies on leadership styles that are suitable to be applied in the construction industry have been carried out in various countries, but in Indonesia, it has not been a concern. This study describes the leadership styles of the project manager uses Path-Goal leadership theory. From the research carried out on projects in Jakarta and Bandung, it was found that project managers in construction projects tend to lead by using achievement oriented style. Short construction project completion times and penalties if the project finish late, both are making PM oriented towards achievement, giving targets to the project team and expecting the best performance from the project team. However, project managers lack trust in subordinates to take decisions (participative). It affected the subordinate engagement at work that needed in supporting construction sustainability.
Effects of water to solid ratio on thermal conductivity of fly ash-based geopolymer paste
Authors: Agustini N K A , Triwiyono A , Sulistyo D , Suyitno
Published: March 2020

Thermal conductivity is one of the most important properties of material when applied as an insulating material. It referred to how much heat can be transferred inside the material. Usually, a low thermal conductivity is needed as a good insulating material. This study focuses on the effect of various water to solid ratio on the geopolymers’ thermal conductivity. Six various waters to solid ratio ranging from 0.16 to 0.31 were studied. Mix design of geopolymers paste using fly ash as aluminosilicate was obtained from Paiton power station. Alkaline activator was combined with NaOH concentration of 10 M and constant Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 2.0. A maximum of 7 days compressive strength obtained was up to 34.12 MPa when water to solid ratio at 0.22. The thermal conductivity was varied with a temperature range from 50°C to 200°C. The average thermal conductivity of geopolymers paste ranges from 0.75 to 1.54 W/m.°C. The lowest thermal conductivity occurred when water to solid ratio was at 0.22. Based on this finding, fly ash-based geopolymer paste can be applied as an insulating material.