bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of an Automatic In-Out Oil Controlling and Management System Based on RF Technology
Authors: Niu Qun Feng , Zhang Zhi Gong , Hui Yan Bo , Wang Li
Published: February 2012

Regarding high precision and automatic control requirements for management and control system of oil depot, this paper applied RF technology in in-out oil management and automatic control theory in automatic control system of oil depot. Thus, a novel oil depot automatic in-out control system based on three level structure and RF technology was designed. In the system, the three level structures are composed of on-site control level, site management level and remote management level. A mode of combining control instruments with PLC controller was adopted in on-site control level and VB .Net was used as software for upper computer. The designed non-contact IC card management software for oil access and in-out oil control system will simplify the operation process of employees; approve levels of safe management and data accuracy for oil access in oil depot. Field tests show that this system has advantage of high control accuracy achieved 0.2 magnitude, high precision of data acquisition and easy operation for control management. The system provides an efficient technology approach for raising the level of automation and management in the oil industry.
PLC Automatic Controlling System of Flushing Toilet
Authors: Zhong Cheng Yao
Published: February 2012

A kind of PLC automatic control system which is used to flush toilet consists of programmable controller, proximity switch sensor and solenoid valve. By means of proximity switch sensor receiving input signal with the core PLC, PLC gives motion instruction to control solenoid valve carrying out flushing toilets automatically. In addition, this paper presents controlling procedure of ladder diagram. In the practical process of application, the system is of high sensitivity and good stability, at the meanwhile, the hardware circuit is simple and easier to be maintained. As far as the system is concerned, the system can be applied to different places with appropriate designs of procedure. Owning to the good universals and low cost there is better prospect for application.
Preparation and Characterization of Octadecylated Poly(vinyl Alcohol) Polymers
Authors: Li Li Juan , Shi Hai Feng , Zhang Xing Xiang
Published: February 2012

Octadecylated poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA-C18) comb-like polymer was prepared through the reaction between PVA and 1-bromooctadecane via O-alkylation method. The structure, thermal properties and packing mode of PVA-C18 comb-like polymer were detailed investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that octadecyl side chains had been successfully grafted onto PVA backbones, and PVA-C18 comb-like polymer exhibit the better thermal storage properties with enthalpy of 29.3kJ/mol , indicated that it is one kind of solid-solid phase change materials.
DEM Simulation on Tribological Behaviour of Third-Body Interface with Different Shear Elastic Modulus
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Xiao Jun , Liu Kun , Xiong Qi Yu
Published: February 2012

Due to the difficulties while studying the third-body interface experimentally, the simulation model of the non-fluidized particulate lubrication, which utilized the discrete element method (DEM), is proposed. The results indicate that the peak of load profile and friction force profile is located in the middle of tilting pad under particulate lubrication, which is different from fluid lubrication. The exact position of the peak is moving to the outlet zone with the increasing of shear elastic modulus. Particles with higher shear elastic modulus can decrease the friction factor and increase the load capacity of tribosystem, which provided helpful guidance to engineering application. Meanwhile, the wear should be under control. The study of the micro characteristics which included the average contact force, body energy, contact friction energy and particle kinetic energy has been carried out at the same time, which revealed the connection between macro and micro characteristics of particulate lubrication.
Stressed State in the Roller Contact Zone (Area) and the Bearing Ring Finite Length
Authors: Soldatenko Andrey , Ao Hong Rui , Jiang Hong Yuan , Privalihin Ruslan , Danilov Alexandr
Published: February 2012

The calculation of the roller contact and the bearing ring of the finite length is presented in this work. The influence of the end effect action, on geometry of the contact platform and the stressed state in the vicinity of the roller edge has been taken into account. The solution results are compared with analytical solution of the Hertz contact problem.
The Research and Development of Digital Platform Supporting Gun Virtual Prototype Design
Authors: Liu Heng Zhu , Cao Hong Song , Yang Wei Ning , Zhuang De Sheng , Shen Guan Jun , Bai You Ping , Chen Ming Gang , Fu Mei Ming
Published: February 2012

Digital platform plays a vital part both in managing enormous product data, project team and assignment for the development of virtual prototype. In this paper, aiming at digital platform supporting gun virtual prototype design, the framework of digital platform is designed. The management of product structure and authority is studied; the solution of drawing files view online is proposed. Judging from the feedbacks, digital platform could efficiently support the thorough management of gun virtual prototype design.
PLC-based Automatic Control of Food Production Line
Authors: Guo Yan Ping , Cui Qi
Published: February 2012

Standard programmable logic controller (PLC) based proportional-integral-derivative (PID) was originally employed as part of the food production line control strategy, but after observing the response of those process due to measured disturbances during normal operation, it was evident that PID control could not meet the desired cooking specifications. It was decided to pursue advanced process control strategies as a means to meet the food production specifications. The problem of this research study was to design and analyze the performance of a PLC-based model state feedback controller implementation for an industrial food production line, and to determine its viability in comparison to commercially available PC-based model predictive controller implementations applied to food production line.
Analysis of Non-Normal Process Capability Based on Rosenblatt Transformation System
Authors: Hou Ya Wen , Wang Bin Hui
Published: February 2012

Assuming that a process is subject to the normal distribution when calculating the process capability index traditionally. A main flaw lies in the process capability index is very sensitive to such changes if normal hypothesis was not satisfied. In order to obtain accurate process capability index of quality characteristics under this circumstance, this paper adopts Rosenblatt transformation to compare with Box-Cox transformation and Johnson transformation with type 6110 Connecting Rod Bush radius as an example, the results show that Rosenblatt transformation proposed performs better and implement is simple.
Effect of Mg, Sr, Ti and Aging Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of 319 Alloys in the T5 and T6 Heat Treatment
Authors: Alkahtani Saleh
Published: February 2012

In this work, the effect of metallurgical parameters (i.e. alloy chemistry and aging parameters) on the mechanical properties of 319 alloys was investigated, with the aim of adjusting these parameters to produce castings of suitable mechanical properties. An attempt has been made to quantify the effects of alloying elements (Mg, Sr, and Ti) and aging parameters on the mechanical properties of heat-treated (T5 and T6) 319 alloys. Exploring the heat treatment differences between T5 and T6 for 319 alloys would help in selecting the metallurgical conditions required to achieve the optimum and maximum mechanical properties. Aging treatments were carried out for 319 alloys in the T5- and T6-condition at 150°C, 180°C, 200°C, 220°C and 250°C for 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h, followed by air cooling. Aging treatment at a lower temperature of 150°C produces fine and dense precipitates having a smaller inter-particle spacing, while at higher aging temperatures, such as 250°C, the precipitates are coarser in size, less dense, and more widely dispersed. For 319 alloys, crack initiate and propagate mainly through the debonding of Si particles from the Al matrix and through the cleavage of β-iron intermetallics. Fracture of intermetallic phases in the interdendritic regions is mostly brittle, with the formation of microcracks at the Si, Cu, Fe-base intermetallics and aluminium interfaces. Experimental correlations of the results obtained from the mechanical properties measurements are analyzed and correlations that relate the alloying additions and heat treatment to the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and total percent elongation (%E) of such alloys are found. Different levels of magnesium content (%Mg), Sr-modification (Sr-ppm), aging parameters (temperature and time) were tested. The effect of alloy additions (Mg, Sr and Ti) and aging heat treatment parameters (Temperature and Time) on the mechanical properties and alloy performance of cast and heat treated 319 alloys are investigated. It was found that the strength of 319 alloys increases with the magnesium content and decreases with the Sr-modification (Sr-ppm) and aging parameters (temperature and time). Increasing the Mg content in primary 319 alloys up to 0.45% enhances the alloy response to heat treatment in the T5 and T6 Tempers, more particularly, the T6 one. Sr-Modification of high Mg content 319 alloy in amounts of ~360 ppm leads to a noticeable decline in alloy strength due to porosity formation which counteracts the beneficial effect of the modification. Sr-modification has a negative effect on the % elongation results of Mg-content 319 alloys due to the Mg-Sr interaction in the aged-T6 conditions. However, grain refining of the Mg and Sr content 319 alloys produce sounder castings with finer grain sizes
Monitoring System of Gas Stations in Retail Network of Oil Products
Authors: Ao Chao Hua , Yang Xiao Yi
Published: February 2012

Aimed at the puzzle of data integration share resulted from its diversity and privacy of protocols in the monitoring system for gas stations in China, the paper designed a monitoring system of gas stations in retail network for oil products. Based on the embedded dynamic Web, it constructed the system frame, built the software system structure, researched the protocol conversion among the forecourt equipments and the module of IFSF, designed message transmission module of IFSF protocol on TCP/IP based on Ethernet, and realized the integrated management between gas stations equipment and system monitoring. The basic experiments based on embedded dynamic Web were made, and it could complete telnet monitoring, parameter configuration, data auto-transmission and auto-upload as well as management of gas stations information. The actual experiment demonstrates its rationality and feasibility of the proposed solution.
Based on the Agent of the Intelligent Decision Support System Research
Authors: Wang Rui Feng , Li Peng
Published: February 2012

With the rapid development of Agent technology, its application field, more and more widely. In this paper, a based on the Agent of the intelligent decision support system frame, that is, in the original decision support system based on building an Agent, thus increasing the DSS of intelligent decision making level, for the future of intelligent decision support system provides a new way of thinking.
Low Temperature Wafer Direct Bonding Using Wet Chemical Treatment
Authors: Zhao Yan Li , Song Zi Jun , Li Yan , San Hai Sheng , Yu Yu Xi
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the low-temperature (less than or equal to 400 °C) silicon wafer direct bonding technology using wet chemical surface treatment is proposed. For bonded pairs of silicon-oxide-covered wafers, the optimum process condition is established with respect to the experimental results of two different wet chemical processing methods. The bonding quality is evaluated through infrared transmission test and tensile test. Experimental results indicate that the bonding strength of the additional 29% NH3•H2O treated samples is about 7.2 MPa, while it is no more than 3.1 MPa for the only piranha (H2SO4/H2O2) solution and RCA1 (NH3•H2O/H2O2/H2O) solution cleaned samples. Effect of the pulling speed on tensile test is also investigated. The results show that the pulling speed effect should be considered during the tensile test.
Research on Light Weight Design for a HEV City Bus
Authors: Zhang Lin Tao , Yu Chao , Chen Hong Tao , Wang Ren Guang
Published: February 2012

Abstract: the FEM model of unitary body of HEV city bus was established, and the model accuracy was proved by electric measurement. The Sensitivity analysis of stiffness was conducted to determine variables for optimization design basing on special analysis software tools. At last, the plan was formed to reach design target of light weight with least stiffness change and regulated strength of vehicle body.
Localization-Based Clustered Key Management in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Ma Xi Yuan , Fan Shu Mei , Park Myong Soon
Published: February 2012

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are usually subjected to numerous threats and vulnerable to various attacks. Generally, the key management is considered to be the prerequisite for secure communication in WSNs. In this paper, we present a Localization-based Clustered Key Management (LCKM) which can efficiently enhance the network security and survivability for the clustered heterogeneous networks. LCKM utilizes the seeds to rekey and then localize the key materials, which protects the network from the compromised nodes by reducing the probability of the common key. The security analysis proves that LCKM can prevent more attacks than other protocols.
Design and Research of Hairspring for Portable Online Rotating Viscometer
Authors: Lu Ye Qiang , Zhang Yi Long
Published: February 2012

In the detection of the oil viscosity, rotatory viscometer continues using viscosity-torque transduce principle. Its most trouble of detection structure is the system accuracy problem caused by the elastic element output torque. Development of high precision torque sensor is one of the key technologies to improve the accuracy of torque measurement. This paper, in detail, introduces the detection principle of rotatory viscometer, the working principle of the hairspring, and the specific design of hairspring, which includes the materials, diameter, length, coils of hairspring.
Development of Control Module of Condition Auto Monitoring System for Aircraft Ground Hydraulic Power Carts
Authors: Yang Ye Guang , Zhu Yan Ping , Du Bao Rui
Published: February 2012

This paper presents an analysis for the status and the deficiency of the condition monitoring system for AGHPCs, new design of the control module based on AT89C51 is given in this paper, at the same time, the development and the realizing of the control module are discussed in detail. For the realization of aircraft hydraulic pump truck state monitoring provides a theoretical basis for intelligent and implementation plan.
Preparation and Electrochemical Characterization of Li-Ion Supercapacitor
Authors: Li Jing , Xu Ming , Li Xing , Yuan Chun
Published: February 2012

A new type of Li-ion supercapacitor was fabracatied with activated carbon as cathode and graphite pre-intercalated Li ion as anode. The electrochemical characterization was also conducted with cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance methods. By this unique cell design , the capacitance of Li-ion supercapacitor keep the same level to double elecric layer supercapacitor ,But the voltage window of supercapacitor can be enhanced from 2.5V to 4.2V.So the energy density of Li-ion supercapacitor can be enhanced 4 times of common carbon-based supacapacitor. There is above 99% capacitance retention for Li ion supercapacitor after 200 cycles at 200mA discharge current. A pure capacitance behavior can be found at the frequency below the knee in its AC impedance spectroscopy.
The Comprehensive Evaluation of Sustainable Development Effect in Regional Electricity Enterprises
Authors: Chen Yun Hui , Niu Dong Xiao , Peng Zhe
Published: February 2012

This paper analyzes the status and the specific implementation problems of sustainable development of regional electricity enterprises in domestic and foreign. It demonstrates the importance of sustainable development of regional electricity enterprises in market. In order to more reasonably evaluate the importance, this article concludes an evaluation index system which is about sustainable development of the regional electricity enterprises, and a comprehensive evaluation model which is based on rough sets and support vector machine. Taking regional electricity enterprise in Hebei province as an example, it demonstrates that the sustainable development of power generation companies can benefit the power generation companies, power companies, power users and the whole community.
Investigation on the Corrosion Behavior of Zn27Al3Cu Alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl Solution
Authors: Tan Yong , Hao Cheng Gang , Li De Zhi , Hu Zhi Liu , Zeng Jian Min
Published: February 2012

The corrosion behavior of Zn27Al3Cu in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution is investigated through weight loss method. The morphology of corrosion products were observed and analyzed with optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The experimental results indicate that weight loss of the alloy with time follows the exponential attenuation relationship. Corrosion mechanism of Zn27Al3Cu alloy are intergranular corrosion and preferential corrosion in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution, the main corrosion products are compound oxide and chloride.
Investigation on the Compliance of Left-Home Children
Authors: Ye Jin Hui , Zou Qin
Published: February 2012

Purposes: To investigate the condition of compliance of left-home children. Methods: 345 left-home children (144 males, 201 females) were measured by the Gudjonsson Compliance scale (GCS). Results: There are significantly gender differences in compliance among left-home children (P< 0.01); there are significantly differences in compliance between only-child and non-only-child left-home children (P<0.01); there are no significantly differences in compliance between the left-home children who come from urban area and rural area left-home children( P< 0.01). Conclusion: There are significantly differences in gender, between only-child and non-only-child, and from urban area and rural area left-home children.
Bioenabled Interfacial Polymerized on Nanofibrous Scaffold as Composite Nanofiltration Membrane
Authors: Zhao Jun , Yu Li Na , Li Xiong , Yang Yin , Wang Xue Fen
Published: February 2012

Thin-film nanofiltration composite (TFNFC) membrane consisting of polyethersulfone (PES) nanofibrous support layer modified by 3, 4-dihydroxy-phenethylamine (dopamine) and interfacial polymerization (IFP) polyamide selective barrier layer was obtained in this study. The hydrophilicity of PES nanofibrous membrane was tremendously improved as the water static contact angle changed from 81.6° to 26.83° by dopamine modification. An ultrathin selective layer was produced by IFP reaction between solutions of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the dopamine modified porous PES membrane. The TFNFC membrane presented relatively high permeate flux (~59.9 L/m2h) and high salt rejection (~98.9%) to divalent anion solutions (1000mg/L, Na2SO4) at a low pressure of 0.6 MPa. It could be believed that dopamine modification would be very efficient to fabricate the composite membranes with stable structure and high filtration performance.
Non-Oscillatory Solutions of Linear Delay Functional Differential System of Neutral Type
Authors: Yan Xin Zhou
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we consider the non-oscillatory solutions of linear delay functional differential system of neutral type, from which we obtain some new sufficient conditions of non-oscillation.
The Process Optimization of EFO for Copper Wire Bonding
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lv Xiao Rui , Wang Chun Qing
Published: February 2012

This paper investigated the process optimization of electronic flame-off (EFO) which was the melting of a wire tip by an electrical spark to form a free air ball (FAB) for 1.8mil copper wire bonding. The results showed that sparking current and sparking time rather than tail length were the key factors to influence the form of FAB. The FAB was skew and coarse with very small diameter when sparking current was 110mA. However, the FAB would be burned-out when sparking current was 180mA. And the appropriate sparking current was proved to be 130mA~150mA. When sparking time was too short (0.8ms~1.0ms), the FAB would appear to be pointed ball or golf ball. However, when sparking time was too long (3ms), the diameter of FAB was much bigger which led to offset ball and golf-bond. The suitable sparking time was proved to be 1.2ms~2ms.
Portable Position Sensitive Detector with Outdoor Environment Resolution
Authors: Ma Qun , Qin Wen Gang , Ma Shi Liang
Published: February 2012

This paper presents the design of a portable optical PSD (Position Sensing Detector) for application in outdoor environment. The system is able to measure changes in the position of a light spot emitted by a usual laser device (635-1000nm wavelength) in outdoor environment. A piece of frosted glass is employed as the target to show the light spot, and a narrow-band filter and 1% neutral filter are adopted to reduce the interference from sunlight. The paper uses a pinhole camera to reduce the device volume, but lens distortion with off-the-shelf cameras is significant. The image manipulation circuit corrects the distortion, and displays the light spot center position.
The Research and Performance Simulation of C-WQPSK Modulation
Authors: Wu Guo Hui , Chu Bao Jun , Dai Ji Yang
Published: February 2012

By modifying the modulated waveform, a new communication modulation method, which is called C-WQPSK, is proposed in this paper. This method based on direct carrier QPSK, didn’t consider baseband pulse signal, and redesigned the modulating waveform, its phase angle jump and jump to change duration time all can be changed. Results of the numerical tests indicate that, the method is correctness and effectiveness. Compared with direct carrier QPSK, the method can keep the BER performance, meanwhile, power spectrum decline rate, the energy of modulated carrier wave, and anti-interference ability are improved and enhanced, so it owns high theory significance and engineering application value.
The Off-Line Programming System of Robot Based on CATA Platform
Authors: Yang Ye Guang , Guo Shi Hui
Published: February 2012

This thesis analyzes the off-line programming system of spraying robot, and study several keys of off-line programming. According to the characteristics of CATIA V5 document structure, a technical scheme for developing off-line programming is proposed. In this scheme, the off-line programming is developed based on CATA platform using CATIA Automation and CAA VC++.
Study on All Optical Switching Effect of Excited State Proton Transfer Organic Molecule 3-Hydroxyflavone
Authors: Guo Yang Xue , Kong Xiang Hong , Yang Wei , Zheng Jia Jin
Published: February 2012

Abstract: We report the dependence of the all optical switching effect of 3-hydroxyflavone (3-HF) on the efficiency of excited state proton transfer (ESPT) using pump probe method. A cw probe laser beam of 632.8nm passing through the sample is switched off by a 35ps pulse pump laser beam of 355nm. We also measured the nonlinear refractive index of 3-HF in different solvents by using z-scan technique. The results show that the optical switching effect will be more obvious when the efficiency of excited state proton transfer is improved, while not proportional to the nonlinear refractive index of 3-HF.
The Influence of Porous Structure on Tribological Properties of Porous UHMWPE
Authors: Wu Gang , Chen Shuang Kun , Qin Hong Ling , Zhao Chun Hua
Published: February 2012

Porous UHMWPE with different character were prepared by hot press molding in Metallographic Sample Mounting. Friction and wear loss of porous UHMWPE samples were studied under different loads and lubricant on an improved tribological tester. The friction coefficient and wear loss of samples with porosity of 5.44% are lower than that of samples with porosity of 10.17%, which attribute to the better porous structure and extrusion effect of lubricant in testing. Among the increasing of loads, friction and wear loss of porous samples are enhance rapidly. It is also found that the thickness of porous layer has little effect on the tribological properties of porous UHMWPE.
AD630 Lock-In Amplifier Circuit for Weak Signal
Authors: Liu Yan Li , Zhang Rui
Published: February 2012

Lock-in amplifying (LIA) is one of important techniques of picking up weak signals buried in the noise, and is the core component of Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology. Then we design a small size, dual phase lock-in amplifier (LIA) integrated circuit. This paper is based on the phase-sensitive detector AD630, together with the phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit (74HC4046) and the active filter (MAX275) the value of Q and the center frequency of which could be adjusted. The output signals were collected by A/D converter and dedicated high-resolution data acquisition card. The range of frequency is 500Hz-100 kHz, the dynamic range of acquisition signal is greater than 100dB, the signal-to-noise ratio is up to 60dB, and the overall area of circuit is only 14cm × 14.8cm. Experiments show that the design meets the requirements of integration into the system.
Study on the Collection and Utilization of Ice and Snow in Winter Based on the Urban Double Surface Constructed Wetland System
Authors: Xue Bin Xia , Xu Han
Published: February 2012

Ice and snow cleaning on the road has been the disturbing issue in northern cities. A series of problems resulting from ice and snow also have caused loss to people’s lives and national economy, such as traffic congestion and frequent accidents. Moreover the resource waste exits due to irrational development and utilization. In this paper based on the recycle and utilization system of urban street rainwater, heating cable assemblies are added and the collection, melting, chemical and biological treatment and reuse of ice and snow are finally achieved through remote control, providing the advanced research ideas for the reclamation and utilization of urban rainwater and snow and water cycle.
The Design of Automation System on Nickel Stir Leaching Process of Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Zhang Wen Bo , Yang Cheng Zhi , Li Qiang , Yu Yang
Published: February 2012

Based on the characteristics of nickel stir leaching production process of sulfuric acid in Yunnan Nickel Industry Company, the whole process automation system is designed by the OMRON control system network including two layers of structures−process management decision layer and process control layer. In this paper the function, coordination mechanism and the control strategy of all subsystems are also discussed.
Survey on Natural Gas Load Forecasting Technology
Authors: Shi Wei Ya
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we give a short survey on natural gas load forecasting technology. Because the variation of gas load is influenced by weather and people activity, the traditional forecasting results and the precision is low. The forecasting methods based on statistical learning theory and artificial neural network are discussed in detail. We also give some future research on the forecasting method of gas load.
Research and Evaluation on the Machining Properties of Toona sinensis
Authors: Su Chu Wang , Huang Jing Da , Yang Jia , Tao Guang Xu , Wang Ze Kun
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the machining properties of Toona sinensis, compared with Castanopsis hystrix, were tested. Their properties were conducted according to the criteria ASTM D1666-87 and the test on crosscutting was referred to the method established by New Zealand Forest Research Institute. The results show that four kinds of machining properties(planning, sanding, shaping and crosscutting) of Toona sinensis show excellent, and the drilling and mortising properties a bit poor, show good; but, the machining properties of Castanopsis hystrix in the planning, sanding, drilling, shaping and crosscutting all show excellent, the mortising properties, a bit poor, show good; in the machining performance comprehensive evaluation system for full marks 50 points, their comprehensive marks are separately 43.9 points and 44.4 points, so that both of them have excellent machining property.
The Preparation and Antimicrobial Activity of Peptide Fractions from Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis) Protein Hydrolysate
Authors: Dong Shi Yuan , Song Hong Xia , Zhao Yuan Hui , Liu Zun Ying , Wei Bin Bin , Zeng Ming Yong
Published: February 2012

The blue mussel protein hydrolysates were separated using the consecutive chromatographic methods including ion exchange, gel filtration, high performance liquid chromatography to identify a potent antimicrobial activity. The fraction (MAMP) separated by HPLC, exhibiting strong activity against Gram-positive (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. dysenteriae, P. vuigaris, E. aerogenes) with the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) from 15.63 to 31.25 μg/mL, and Gram-negative bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis and M. lysodeikticus) with MIC from 31.25 to 62.5 μg /mL. MAMP had good thermal and pH stability, and consisted of three main amino acids (Ser, Pro and Cys). The antimicrobial activity of MAMP was possibly related to its higher cysteine residues and contents of hydrophobic amino acid. Therefore, MAMP could be a natural antimicrobial source suitable for use as a food additive.
Investigation of Separation of Lactose from Whey Solution by Nanofiltration Process
Authors: Ye Hui , Zhang Yu Zhong , Li Han , Lin Li Gang , Ding Xiao Li , Zhao Li Zhi , Li Hong
Published: February 2012

Whey is the liquid residue of cheese production and contains large amount of organic matter, mainly protein and lactose. Direct discharge of whey means nutrition waste and environmental pollution. How to utilization of lactose is key point for whey preparation by membrane technology. Recently, the nanofiltration technology has great applications in food industry field. In this study, nanofiltration technology has been developed for separation of lactose from whey solution. Two kinds of model feed, the lactose solution and the whey solution, were investigated in order to compare the characterization of NF membranes performance. The effects of operation parameters such as trans-membrane pressure, temperature and feed pH were observed. In addition, a preferable cleaning method was proposed and the cleaning results were investigated
Studies on Adhesion of Nitzschia closterium and Chlorella vulgaris to 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Liu Shu Xia , Wan Yi , Zhang Dun
Published: February 2012

Microalgae can cause damages to the marine engineering material by adhering to the surface of the material. In this study the adhesion of Nitzschia closterium (bacillariophyceae) and Chlorella vulgaris (chlorophyceae) to 316L stainless steel were investigated. The influences of surface roughness and culture pH value on adhesion were performed. The results showed that the adhesion of N. closterium increased significantly with the increasing roughness (F = 17; p < 0.001). And both species of algae were prone to adhesion to 316L stainless steel immerged in alkalescent medium. Impedimetric method was applied to analyze the process of microalgal adhesion on the surface of stainless steel. A kinetic model (Y = A + Be-t/C) based on the sensitive variation of double layer capacitance (Cdl) of the electrode abstracted from impedance spectroscopy using equivalent circuit was developed for the algal adhesion.
Synthesis of Al3Ti(PO4)4.3333 and its Selectivity to Li+ Exchange
Authors: Li Heng
Published: February 2012

The ion-exchanger Al3Ti(PO4)4.3333 of inverse spinel type was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The Li+ extraction/insertion with this material were investigated by X-ray, FT-IR spectroscopy, and Kd measurement, The chemical analysis showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 8.2mmol/g for Li+. It had a memorial ion-sieve property for Li+.
Temperature Dependence of LiMn2O4 Prepared by a Solution Combustion Synthesis in the System of Acetate Salts and Acetic Acid
Authors: Zhang Li Li , Liu Gui Yang , Guo Jun Ming , Wang Bao Sen , He Ying
Published: February 2012

Spinel LiMn2O4 have been prepared by the solution combustion synthesis method using acetate salts as raw materials and acetic acid as fuel. The phase compositions of the as-prepared products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performance of the products was tested by using a coin-type half battery versus lithium metal foil as anode material. XRD results suggested that the purities of the products prepared at 500oC are higher than these of the products prepared at 600oC. For the products prepared at 500oC, the purities of the products increase with increasing acetic acid ratios. But for the products prepared at 600oC, the purities of the products decrease with increasing acetic acid ratios. The performance tests indicated that the electrochemical performances of the products prepared at 500oC are better than these of the products prepared at 600oC. The product prepared at 500oC with the acetic acid ratio of 1.0 gets the best performance. The initial capacity of it reaches to 124.8mAh/g at the current density of 75mA/g, and after 50 cycles, the capacity retention is 93.7%.
LiAl0.1Mn1.9O4 Prepared by a Solution Combustion Synthesis Using Acetate as Raw Materials and Acetic Acid as Fuel: Effect of Further Calcination Time
Authors: Liu Gui Yang , Guo Jun Ming , Zhang Li Li , Wang Jing , Wang Bao Sen , He Ying
Published: February 2012

LiAl0.1Mn1.9O4 materials were prepared by a solution combustion synthesis method. In order to improve the purity of the products, the effect of further calcination time was investigated. The phase compositions of the as-prepared products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performance of the products was tested by using a coin-type half battery versus lithium metal foil as anode material. XRD results suggested that the main phase of the products was LiAl0.1Mn1.9O4, and there was a trace amount Mn2O3 impurity in some of the products. The purity, crystallinity and grain size of the LiAl0.1Mn1.9O4 were increased with increasing further calcination time. Electrochemical experiments demonstrate that the initial discharge capacities of the products with further calcination time of 0, 6, 12 and 24h were 93.7, 105.7, 114.0 and 120.6mAh/g, and about 89.8, 89.5, 89.2 and 88.3% of the initial capacities were retained after 25 cycles, respectively. Further calcination time can enhance the initial capacity, but is not favorable for the cycle ability of the products.
The Applied Research of Fiber Reinforced Composites Materials in Sports Equipments
Authors: Sun Guang Hui , Wang Juan Juan
Published: February 2012

The fiber reinforced composites materials possess some excellent characteristics, including light in weight, high strength, high elastic modulus, easy molding and good corrosion resistance and so on. Therefore, fiber reinforced composites materials has extensive application in production-manufacturing of sports equipments, which is valuable to improve player performance. This study elaborated the application advantages of fiber reinforced composites materials in sports equipments, and selection principles, product variety, application example in order to provide a reference for sports equipment manufacturing.
Computer Aided Design of the Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Air Electrode
Authors: Cheng Chin Hsien , Su Ay , Chan Shih Hung
Published: February 2012

This paper adopted molecular dynamics technique to simulate the nano-scale transport phenomena inside air electrode of the URSOFC. A molecular model consist of 135 atoms has been built as the simulation target. Born-Meyer-Buckingham potential function is used and a perovskite type structure is built. Simulation results demonstrate hopping mechanism of oxygen ions inside air electrode by calculating mean square displacement of oxygen ions. Also, the effect of the operating temperature for the ionic conductivity is able to be predicted by the present study.
Study and Environmental Impact Evaluation on an Expanding Project of Coal Gangue Power Plant
Authors: Su Rong Jun
Published: February 2012

To asses environmental feasibility of Expanding Project of Heilongjiang Dadong Coal Gangue Power Plant (EPHDCGPP) and predict it’s influence to ambient, according to government laws, codes and regulations such as 《The Specific Guides to Environmental Impact Assessment》 and technical features of the project, the range, grade, factors and prediction models of influence evaluation were determined. Then predictions and evaluations of ambient air, surface water environment, acoustic environment, waste solids and environmental risk during construction and operating period were undertaken. The results showed that the environmental influence in construction period can meet standard. In operating period, there is no any increased influence on surface water environment, ambient air, acoustic environment and waste solids compared with present plant. The smoke dust and SO2 discharge are still 676.5 t/a and 680 t/a. Moreover, expanding project will reduce 45.8 t/a and 9.9 t/a of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N discharge than before. On occuring accident, discharge concentration of SO2 and smoke dust will exceeds discharge standard 1.5 times and 4.5 times respectively. Therefore, on the condition of eradicating completely accidental discharge this project is feasible from the point of view of environment.
Novel Photocatalytic Ag/TiO2 Thin Film on Polyvinyl Chloride for Gaseous BTEX Treatment
Authors: Peerakiatkhajorn Piangjai , Chawengkijwanich Chamorn , Onreabroy Wandee , Chiarakorn Siriluk
Published: February 2012

This study aims to provide the photocatalytic approach for treatment of some hazard air pollutants such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) under visible light. Silver doped titanium dioxide (Ag/TiO2) thin films with various molar ratios (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mol) were synthesized via sol-gel method and dipped on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheet before curing with UV lamp. The X-ray diffractograms showed the composite of TiO2anatase and nanosilver. The effect of silver doping on decreasing of band gap energy of TiO2was observed from the absorption edge shift to higher wave length, analyzed by UV-visible spectrometer. The results from hydrophilicity test indicated that hydrophilicity of TiO2thin film was increased by doping silver. The morphology of the Ag/TiO2thin film studied by Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer revealed well dispersed nanosilver on the smooth thin film. The BTEX degradation was carried out in a batch reactor with the initial concentration of mixed BTEX gas [25 ppm]. The remaining BTEX was examined by Gas Chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector. Among Ag/TiO2thin films, the 0.1 Ag/TiO2thin films exhibited the best performance for gaseous BTEX degradation under visible light. The maximum degradation efficiency was belong to xylene (89%), followed by ethylbenzene (86%), toluene (83%) and benzene (79%).
The Influence of Carbon Doping on TiO2 Nanoparticle Size, Surface Area, Anatase to Rutile Phase Transformation and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Nyamukamba P. , Tichagwa Lilian , Greyling C.
Published: February 2012

Visible light-sensitive carbon doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (C-TiO2) were prepared by a sol-gel method. The carbon dopant was obtained from glucose. The dopant level incorporated into the TiO2lattice structure was varied by using different concentrations of the carbon source solution. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET Surface area, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SXPS) and Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The presence of carbon in the TiO2lattice was determined by SXPS. The DRS results revealed that carbon doping reduced the band gap of TiO2. Doping was also found to cause a reduction in the particle size of the TiO2nanoparticles and enhance anatase to rutile phase transformation. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. The carbon doped TiO2showed a higher photocatalytic activity than degussa P25 and undoped TiO2.
Total arsenic concentrations of lake sediments near the city of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories
Authors: Galloway J M , Sanei H , Patterson R
T , Mosstajiri T , Hadlari T , Falck H
Published: February 2012

We report on recent geoscience data collected by the Geological Survey of Canada in collaboration with Northwest Territories Geoscience Office and Carleton University. Fifty sediment-water interface samples from 19 lakes were collected between July and August
2009 along a 90 km east-west transect and analyzed for grain size, organic matter, nutrients, and metals. The work was undertaken to establish a dataset to contribute to the determination of natural variability of arsenic in freshwater sediments in the Yellowknife area, Northwest Territories.
Geochemistry results of lake sediments are compared to previous work, bedrock geochemistry where available, and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines and Probable Effects Levels for the Protection of Aquatic Life. Concentrations of arsenic in bulk
lake sediment samples are elevated above Interim Sediment Quality Quidelines and Probable Effects Levels in lakes located west of the city of Yellowknife. These lakes occur on granitoid bedrock, which contain low arsenic relative to other bedrock types in the study region. The spatial pattern of
arsenic in lake sediments is consistent with aerial dispersion of emitted particulates from mine smelting point sources and transportation by prevailing winds west of the city of Yellowknife.
Walking as a Meaningful Leisure Occupation: The Implications for Occupational Therapy
Authors: Wensley Ruth , Slade Anita
Published: February 2012

Introduction:

In response to growing interest in leisure in occupational therapy and the importance of understanding how occupations maintain, enhance and promote health and wellbeing, a qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to explore the experiences of walking for leisure.

Method:

Six healthy student participants, identified as regular walkers, were interviewed using a semi-structured format. Data were analysed following interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology.

Findings:

Participants expressed how and why walking was meaningful to them; the four main themes were social connectedness, wellbeing, connection to nature and achievement from a challenge. Findings suggest that occupational therapists could use walking and leisure occupations in intervention, and that there is scope for an occupational therapy perspective in health promotion.

Conclusion:

Determining the subjective meaning of engaging in walking as a leisure occupation has implications for occupational science and health promotion in helping to explain why people do what they do.
Circle Dance, Occupational Therapy and Wellbeing: The Need for Research
Authors: da Costa Ana Lucia Borges
Published: February 2012

Circle dance derives from the tradition of folk dance and has historically been a popular form of dance throughout the world. As a form of physical activity, it can be explored in the context of occupational therapy principles and practices and the promotion of health and wellbeing. However, no literature is available to establish empirically the synergy between circle dance, occupational therapy and wellbeing. This opinion piece considers the use of circle dance as a tool for promoting occupational wellbeing and proposes that further research is needed to understand fully the perceived meanings attributed to this form of physical activity and its application in the context of occupational therapy.
Nuevos enfoques para la didáctica universitaria actual
Authors: Beraza Miguel Zabalza
Published: February 2012

Partiendo del análisis tanto semántico como epistemológico del conocimiento didáctico y de su naturaleza disciplinar como cuerpo de conocimientos específicos y especializados sobre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, el objetivo del trabajo es resaltar la importancia que la didáctica puede tener en el diseño de una nueva docencia universitaria. Cinco grandes aportaciones de la Didáctica universitaria se analizan: la aplicación real del principio del lifelong learning en los estudios universitarios; la posibilidad de centrar efectivamente la docencia en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes; la necesidad de generar espacios formativos ricos e integrales; el alineamiento de las instituciones universitarias con las nuevas políticas de calidad e innovación y la incorporación, en ese marco de mejora institucional, de nuevos enfoques y recursos formativos. Finalmente, se concluye resaltando la importancia de la Didáctica universitaria en la formación docente del profesorado de la Educación Superior.
Trabalhos sobre formação pedagógica para a docência universitária nas reuniões anuais da anped: período 2000-2009
Authors: Bazzo Vera Lúcia , Silva Maria da Gloria Silva e
Published: February 2012

A pesquisa trata dos trabalhos e pôsteres apresentados nas Reuniões Anuais da Associação Nacional de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPEd) de 2000 a 2009 relacionados a processos de formação pedagógica para a docência universitária. Foram localizados, inicialmente, entre os textos publicados no sítio da ANPEd e apresentados no período em questão, 63 trabalhos que tinham como tema a docência universitária. A leitura desses trabalhos permitiu verificar que eles se concentraram nas seguintes temáticas: a avaliação da aprendizagem na educação superior; as estratégias didáticas na sala de aula universitária; a docência em cursos e licenciatura; saberes e trajetórias constituintes da docência; e políticas institucionais de formação pedagógica voltadas a docentes da educação superior. Selecionando somente os trabalhos que trataram deste último tema, chegou-se a um conjunto final de 20 trabalhos publicados. Os resultados mostram aumento significativo da quantidade de trabalhos sobre o tema no período de 2005 a 2009, em relação ao período de 2000 a 2004, evidenciando maior preocupação com a oferta qualificada de formação pedagógica mediante processos intencionais disponibilizados aos docentes universitários pelas instituições às quais estão  vinculados.
A excepcionalidade de Hannah Arendt e o pensamento como experiência ordinária
Authors: Do Valle Lílian
Published: February 2012

O que teria levado Hannah Arendt a recusar de forma sistemática a identidadede fi lósofa? O artigo pretende mostrar que essa recusa não é, para a autora, uma atitude negativa, mas a escolha deliberada do questionamento como realidade íntima e como experiência compartilhada, frente às exigências da ação – esta atividade que, segundo a autora, só é dada aos humanos. E sugerir que esta é a melhor defi nição da excepcionalidade de Arendt.