bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Visualizing Approach Based on Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System, Decision Tree, and K-means for Intrusion Detection
Authors: Liu Jia , Yinchai Wang , Siong Teh Chee , Li Xinjin , Zhao Liping , Wei Fengrui
Published: July 2022

Intrusion detection is a fuzzy classification problem. Intrusion detection can detect the attack behaviors of hackers in advance. For generating a visualizing architecture for identifying intrusions, this study proposes an approach that combines ANFIS (Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System), DT (Decision Tree), and K-means clustering algorithm for visualizing the deep pattern of intrusion detection. The ANFIS generates complex and fuzzy combinations of selected attributes. To reduce the rules generation of ANFIS, Pearson Correlation analysis is used to select attributes that highly relate to the target. Meanwhile, standard deviation analysis and a proposed adaptive K-means algorithm are used for determining the interval division of selected attributes. Then, the CART (classification and regression tree) is used to identify the deep mode in generated rules and selected attributes. The architecture of the proposed algorithm is a hybrid visualizing approach. The architecture can identify deep and hybrid features in intrusion detection. The proposed algorithm was trained, validated, and tested on the NSL-KDD dataset. Using 22 attributes that highly relate to the target, the performance of the proposed method achieved a 99.86% detection rate and 0.14% false alarm rate, which is better than many classifiers. Besides, the visualizing model can help us visually identify the complex pattern of intrusions and analyze the pattern of various intrusions.
Nighttime Vehicle Detection using Improved CycleGAN
Authors: V Sathananthavathi , K Kandasamy , D Rajamanickam
Published: July 2022

Nighttime Vehicle Detection is the challenging task to be addressed properly in the Automatic Driving System. Detection of oncoming vehicles in time is essential for safe driving in the Automatic Driving System and this task is critical when the lighting condition is deprived. Detecting vehicle in nighttime is based on the high-level features by the automotive system. In order to address the problem of nighttime vehicle detection effectively, image translation by improved Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) architecture is proposed in this paper. The Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) is the deep convolution neural network trained in the form of image-to-image translation tasks. Cycle GAN contains two GANs, first GAN is used for night to day translation and second GAN for day to night translation. The proposed improved Cycle GAN architecture is enriched with shallow Unet Generator in the first image translator GAN. Using this architecture, the input night time image is getting translated into day time image and hence supporting to extract high level of features for the vehicle detection module to detect the vehicles with high confidence probability. The proposed architecture is compared with the conventional cycle GAN architecture in terms of the vehicle detection accuracy. From the experimental results, it is observed that proposed improved Cycle GAN can able to detect vehicles in the perplex view condition.
Screening of GDM during COVID pandemic in an Italian setting: comparison between IADPSG and WHO ‘99 criteria
Authors: D'anna Rosario , Benedetto Antonio Di , Palella Stefania , Miceli Alessia , Romeo Paola , Corrado Francesco
Published: July 2022

Background: During pandemic period, a single fast glycemia value (≥ 92 mg/dl) performed within the recommended time windows for the risk level defined by the Italian guidelines, was considered an acceptable surrogate for GDM diagnosis following Italian Diabetes Association recomendations.Methods: All pregnant women who performed an OGTT following Italian Guidelines from march 2020 to september 2021 and then delivered at our University Hospital were prospectively enrolled in this study. Primary outcome of the study was the number of women to whom was diagnosed GDM with only the fasting glucose value (≥ 92 mg/dl), following Italian Diabetes Societies recommendations for COVID 19 pandemic period. In the same time, the data of women who became diabetic following the criteria of WHO 1999 was collected too. Secondary outcome was the comparison of risk factors and clinical outcomes between women diagnosed with IADPSG criteria and those diagnosed with WHO ’99 criteria.Results: The number of women with a diagnosis of GDM following Italian guidelines in the 18-month period considered was 161. Only 109 (67.7%) had a fast glucose value ≥ 92 mg/dl. No difference between IADPSG and WHO ’99 groups in relation to risk factors, with the exception for overweight and obesity, and clinical outcomes,Conclusion: Recommendations of Italian Diabetes Societies for COVID 19 pandemic failed to recognize one third of GDM diagnosis.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT 05026840, August 30, 2021, 'retrospectively registered'.
Protective effect of rosiglitazone on microscopic and oxidative stress parameters of ram sperm after freeze-thawing
Authors: Mehdipour Mahdieh , Daghigh-Kia Hossein , Najafi Abouzar , Mehdipour Zohreh , Mohammadi Hossein
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of rosiglitazone on ram semen after cryopreservation on the quality of thawed sperm. Sperm motility (CASA), membrane integrity (HOS test), viability, total abnormality, PSA, mitochondrial activity (Rhodamine 123), reactive oxygen species production, ATP content and apoptotic features (Annexin V/Propidium iodide) were assessed after thawing. Rosiglitazone at concentration of 60 µM resulted in the highest (P < 0.05) total motility, progressive motility and VSL. The percentage of VAP and VCL was greater in the 60 µM group. Different concentrations of rosiglitazone did not have significant effects on ALH, LIN and STR. The highest amount of membrane functionality and mitochondrial activity after freeze-thawing were observed in groups containing 60 µM. The lowest ROS concentration was recorded in 60 µM rosiglitazone group (P<0.05). The percentage of viable sperm was significantly the highest in 60 µM rosiglitazone (P < 0.05). The group containing 60 µM rosiglitazone also produced the lowest significant percentage of apoptosis-like changes and dead sperm. A greater (P ≤ 0.05) percentage of acrosome integrity in frozen-thawed spermatozoa was observed in the 60 µM rosiglitazone group. The result showed that supplementation in ram semen extender with rosiglitazone had a positive role in the regulation of ram sperm motility and had strong protective effect on the sperm membrane and acrosome integrity
Histologic evaluation of the healing potentiality of the human treated dentin matrix scaffold as direct pulp capping material
Authors: Saeed Mahmoud , Grawish Mohammed E.
Published: July 2022

Aim
Find a reasonable substitution for current DPC materials.
Methods
The hTDM properties were evaluated by assessing its alkalinity, antibacterial activity, and potentiality to induce cell migration compared to MTA. The acute inflammatory response was evaluated 3 days after iatrogenic pulp exposure by histological examination. However, both chronic inflammatory response and dentin-pulp complex regeneration were evaluated after 3 months.
Results
The results of in vitro assessment revealed high alkalinity of MTA while hTDM exhibited optimum alkalinity. Moreover, the higher antibacterial activity and potentiality of inducing cell migration than MTA. The in vivo assessment ensured the ability of hTDM in optimizing the inflammatory response and dentin-pulp complex regeneration. However, MTA prolonged the inflammatory response and induced the formation of a thick calcific bridge toward the pulp tissue.
Conclusion
hTDM semi-rigid scaffold is a promising novel DPC material.
Exploring race and gender as a conduit to STEM disciplines via decolonial intersectionality theory
Authors: Bayaga Anass
Published: July 2022

In the past decade, motivational pathways influencing all disciplines or career choices through various theories/models is on the rise. Regardless, race and gender within the domain of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is disproportionately researched. The disproportionality is particularly true in comparison with other races and gender. Undoubtedly, whilst there is the need to bridge the disparity, ongoing research is leaning towards under-examining the extent to which the intersection of race and gender identities influence the experiences of various racial and genders’ access, opportunity, and success to STEM disciplines. In reaction to such crucial discourse, the current study is in part motivated by the dearth of scholarship. Consequently, and through case study by sampling 15 respondents, the aim was to examine the multifaceted marginalisation of various racial and genders’ experiences in STEM disciplines. Using decolonial intersectionality as a theoretical lens, the data from the participants’ exposed not only academic challenges but concurrently one that reflects a social and institutional barrier. The study revealed persistent presence of race and gender challenges in the pursuit of STEM discipline. While previous studies established the increase of racism in primary, secondary, and postsecondary education, the current study however, illustrates uncontrolled position of the racialised and gendered experiences of STEM aspirants. However, the theoretical contribution following the application of intersectionality provides the grounds for further examination of identity among underrepresented groups. The data from the current study reinforces the correlation between career interests and the possibility of pursuing STEM career.
Identification of essential genes and drug discovery in bladder cancer and inflammatory bowel disease via text mining and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zheng Qingyuan , Guo Liantao , Yang Rui , Ni Xinmiao , Yang Song , Wang Lei , Chen Zhiyuan , Liu Xiuheng
Published: July 2022

Background: Bladder cancer (BCa) is the most common malignancy of the urinary system. Inflammation is critical in the occurrence and development of BCa. The purpose of this study was to identify key genes and pathways of inflammatory bowel disease in BCa through text mining technology and bioinformatics technology, and to explore potential therapeutic drugs for BCa.Methods: Genes associated with BCa and Crohn's disease (CD) were detected using the text mining tool GenClip3, and analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING and visualized in Cytoscape, and modular analysis was performed using the Molecular Complex Detection plugin (MCODE). Finally, the genes clustered in the first two modules were selected as core genes, and the drug-gene interaction database was used to discover potential therapeutic drugs.Results: We identified 796 genes shared by "Bladder cancer" and " Crohn's disease " by text mining. Gene function enrichment analysis yielded 18 enriched GO terms and the 6 most relevant KEGG pathways. A PPI network with 758 nodes and 4014 edges was constructed, and 20 gene modules were obtained using MCODE. We selected the top two gene clusters as core candidate genes. We found that 3 out of 55 selected core genes could be targeted by 26 existing drugs.Conclusions: The results indicated that CXCL12, FGF2 and FSCN1 are potential key genes involved in CD with BCa. Additionally, 26 drugs were identified as potential therapeutics for BCa treatment and management.
Machine Learning Models and New Computational Tool for the Discovery of Insect Repellents that Interfere with Olfaction
Authors: Pulgar-Sánchez Mary , Marrero-Ponce Yovani , Hernández-Lambraño Ricardo , García-Jacas César R. , Martinez-Rios Felix
Published: July 2022

Disease vector insects rely on chemosensors to locate hosts, find mates and choose where to lay their eggs. Currently, the most efficient method of preventing and controlling the outbreak of insect-borne diseases is the use of Insect Repellents (IRs). However, current IRs have significant drawbacks and do not meet the necessary conditions, such as protecting a broad spectrum of mosquitoes; many have unpleasant odors or produce unpleasant sensations on the skin. Some of them are even carcinogens. Therefore, the need for new, more effective, safer, and longer-lasting broad-spectrum IRs than conventional IRs is evident. Here, classifiers for predicting IRs will be developed using QuBiLS-MIDAS 3D-molecular descriptors and shallow machine learning techniques. We intend to introduce, the ability of QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships) models to describe the interaction of IRs with the olfactory response of the six sensilla of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus as well as with repellent activities by using four datasets that take into consideration the two most relevant IR scaffolds: carboxamides and plant-derived compounds with repellent effect on A. aegypti and also A. gambiae and the two most common species of cockroach (Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana). A non-commercial and cross-platform software, named “SiliS-PAPACS” is developed for the IRs-prediction (http://tomocomd.com/apps), in which all the best models developed are implemented. This software is used to screen datasets containing diverse chemotypes like chemicals and/or FDA-approved drugs, like Malaria box library. From that virtual screening, we report 28 novel virtual leads (new IR chemical scaffold) that may have potential IR activity. The results suggest that the proposed method will be an excellent computer-assisted system that could increase the chance of finding new insect control agents and assist those researchers in screening and/or designing new chemotype IRs.
Pyramidal-Relative Entropy Based Temporal Signature for Video Transition Detection using LSTM
Authors: .A Sasithradevi , Roomi Mohamed Mansoor , Gupta{} Saurav
Published: July 2022

Video transition detection (VTD) is a significant topic in the field of video analytics, owing to its useful applications in video indexing, video surveillance, and video understanding. The challenge in VTD is to extract the complex temporal variations caused by the change in illumination, rapid motion of object and camera. To address these challenges, a pyramidal-relative en-tropy based long-short term memory (LSTM) framework is proposed. Initially, the uncompressed video frame is modeled using pyramidal attributes. Then, the temporal signature is generated based on forward-backward ratio of relative entropy measure. The LSTM network is trained to detect the transitions through temporal signature and categorizes them as no transition, abrupt transition and gradual transition. Benchmarks namely TRECVID 2001, TRECVID 2007, VIDEO-SEG2004, RAI and BBC data-sets have been used in evaluation assessments. The simulation results illustrate the efficacy of the proposed framework to achieve an average F 1 score of 95.5±0.06%, 98.51±0.79%, 97.5 ±2.6%, 93.54±5.03%, and 97.58±1.89% on TRECVID 2001, TRECVID 2007 VIDEOSEG 2004, RAI and BBC data-sets, respectively.
Whole-tissue Mapping of >5000 proteins by Micro-scaffold Assisted Spatial Proteomics(MASP)
Authors: Ma Min , Huo Shihan , Zhang Ming , Qian Shuo , Zhu Xiaoyu , Pu Jie , Rasam Sailee , Xue Chao , Shen Shichen , An Bo , Wang Jianmin , Qu Jun
Published: July 2022

Quantitative protein mapping on whole-tissue levels provides important insights into the spatially-organized regulatory processes/networks related to diseases and therapy, but remains a tremendous challenge. We describe a micro-scaffold assisted spatial proteomics(MASP) method, based on precise tissue spatial-compartmentalization using a 3D-printed micro-scaffold, capable of mapping thousands of proteins across a whole-tissue slice with excellent quantitative quality. The mapping accuracy was validated and applied in mapping > 5,000 cerebral proteins in mouse brain.
Risk factors for Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis following Soave: a retrospective study over a decade
Authors: xie chuanping , Chen Yajun , Yan Jiayu , Zhang Zhiyi , Wang Kai , Wang Zengmeng
Published: July 2022

Background: Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC), one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality for patients with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), can occur before and after radical surgery. This study aims to identify the risk factors for HAEC before and after Soave.Methods: A retrospective study of 145 patients with HSCR treated between January 2011 and June 2021 was performed. Data were retrieved from the medical records. HAEC was defined as the presence of clinical signs of bowel inflammation and requiring treatment with intravenous antibiotics and rectal irrigation for at least two days in the outpatient or inpatient department. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression models were used to identify risk factors for developing pre-and postoperative HAEC.Results: The incidence of pre-and postoperative HAEC was 24.1% and 20.7%, respectively. More than 90% of the patients with the first episode of postoperative HAEC occurred within the first year after Soave. Long-segment aganglionosis was the independent risk factor for developing preoperative HAEC ([OR] 5.8, Cl 2.4-14.2, p＜0.001), while the history of preoperative HAEC was significantly associated with developing postoperative HAEC ([OR] 4.2, Cl 1.6-10.8, p=0.003).Conclusions: Long-segment aganglionosis was the independent risk factor for the development of preoperative HAEC, while the history of preoperative HAEC was strongly associated with developing HAEC after Soave.Type of study: a retrospective observational studyLevel of Evidence: Level Ⅲ
Analysing of some protein coding SNPs Of Homo sapiens cell division cycle 73 (CDC73) gene by using seven tools (bioinformatics study)
Authors: waheed zainab abdullah , Sarhan Nadia Habeeb , Hamzah Ahmed Ibrahim , Shaker Mustafa Mohammed
Published: July 2022

Background:Homo sapiens cell division cycle 73 (CDC73)Enables RNA polymerase II complex binding activity. Involved in several processes, including histone ubiquitination; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; and regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. Part of Cdc73/Paf1 complex. Implicated in hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid carcinoma. Biomarker of carcinoma (multiple) and colorectal cancer,This gene encodes a tumor suppressor that is involved in transcriptional and post-transcriptional control pathways. The protein is a component of the the PAF protein complex, which associates with the RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A and with a histone methyltransferase complex. This protein appears to facilitate the association of 3' mRNA processing factors with actively-transcribed chromatin. Mutations in this gene have been linked to hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, familial isolated hyperparathyroidism, and parathyroid carcinoma.Aim of study:The study is aimed to show the affect of eight protein coding SNPs on human health and if it benign or neutral by using different gene and protein sites (SIFT,POLYPHEN2,I-MUTANT 3. 0,PROVEAN,and SNPS&GO).Results:the study shows 4 SNPs (50%) are damaging according to SIFT ,while the other 4 SNPs(50%) are TOLERATED ,while according to another bioiformatic tool called POLYPHEN2 there are 4 of SNPs (50%) Benign , 3 (37.5%) are Probably damaging and 1(12.5 %) Possibily damaging.The I-MUTANT 3.0 indicated 2(25 %) L Neutral stability and 5( 62.5 %) Large decrease stability while 1( 12.5 %) shows Large increase stability ,while PhD-SNP site shows 7(87.5%) ,1(12.5%) Neutral and Decrease correspondly,While Panther shows 8(100%) Neutral , but PROVEAN shows 6(75%) Neutral ,and 2(35%) are Deleterious ,while all of SNPs are Neutral according to SNPS&GO.Conclusions:This study has determined the SNPs of CDC73 gene which may contribute to the malfunction of its protein and ultimately leads to the CDC73 gene associated diseases.This study shows that there are many types of SNPs which result in gen modification but still having neutral affectWhile other SNPs that located at the exone location have disease leading effect and may result in a gene damage and progressive diseases
Akkermansia and the microbial metabolites butyric acid and deoxycholic acid play key roles in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of campylobacteriosis in mice
Authors: Jiang Lai , Yuan Chun-Chun , Ye Wen-Xin , Huang Qi-Xin , Chen Zhuo , Wu Wen-Zi , Qian Li-Chun
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND
Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is a common food-borne bacterial pathogen that can use the host's innate immune response to induce the development of colitis. There has been some research on the role of normal intestinal flora in C. jejuni-induced colitis, but the mechanisms that play a central role in resistance to C. jejuni infection have not been explored.
RESULTS
We first investigated the therapeutic effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on C. jejuni infection. The results showed that FMT significantly reduced the inflammatory response and blocked the invasion of C. jejuni into the colonic tissue. We observed a significant increase in the abundance of Akkermansia in the colon of mice after FMT, as well as a significant increase in the levels of butyric acid and deoxycholic acid. We next demonstrated that oral administration of sodium butyrate or deoxycholic acid had a similar therapeutic effect. Further proteomic analysis showed that C. jejuni induced colitis mainly through activation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway, whereas Akkermansia, the core flora of FMT, and the gut microbial metabolites butyric acid and deoxycholic acid both inhibited these signaling pathways to counteract the infection of C. jejuni and alleviate colitis. Finally, we verified the above idea by in vitro cellular assays. In conclusion, FMT is highly effective in the treatment of colitis caused by C. jejuni, with which Akkermansia and butyric and deoxycholic acids are closely associated.
CONCLUSION
The present study demonstrates that Akkermansia and butyric and deoxycholic acids are effective in the treatment of colitis caused by C. jejuni. This is the first time that Akkermansia has been found to be effective in fighting pathogens, which provides new ideas and insights into the use of FMT to alleviate colitis caused by C. jejuni and Akkermansia as a treatment for intestinal sexually transmitted diseases caused by various pathogens.
Are there differences in outcomes by race among women with metastatic triple negative breast cancer?
Authors: Oppong Bridget A. , Rolle Angel A. , Ndumele Amara , Li Yaming , Fisher James L. , Bhattacharyya Oindrila , Adeyanju Toyin , Paskett Electra D.
Published: July 2022

Purpose
African American (AA) women have higher breast cancer mortality rates than other groups, with Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) being more common among AAs with a worse prognosis. Our study seeks to explore differences among Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) vs. White (NHW) women, with Stage IV TNBC, focusing on survival and treatment patterns.
Methods
Data from a specialized SEER Program dataset were examined for TNBC patients diagnosed with metastatic disease from 2012–2016. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) was defined using the Yost index based on census tract measures of income, education, housing, employment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate receipt of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Overall survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox proportional hazards model analysis.
Results
25,761 TNBC cases were identified with 1,420 being metastatic (5.5%). Bone was the most common site for metastasis, with patients’ age being 63.7 years for NHW vs. 59.5 years for NHB. NHB women had the highest percentage of low nSES (62.3% vs 29.3%; p-value = 0.001). On univariate analysis, fewer NHBs received radiation compared to NHWs (27.1 vs. 32.6%; p-value = 0.040). On multivariate analysis, all women were less likely to undergo treatment if unmarried (p-value < 0.01). NHB women had lower median survival compared to NHW women (13 vs. 15 months; p-value < 0.01). Receipt of surgery and chemotherapy reduced the risk of mortality (p-value < 0.01).
Conclusion
NHB women had lower median survival with metastatic TNBC. Race was associated with different treatment utilization. With a mortality differential between NHW and NHB women with metastatic TNBC, more investigation is needed to inform strategies to reduce this disparity.
Transferability of cost reduction from dual-tasks to a triple-task – A comparison of new and trained participants
Authors: Stefani Maximilian , Sauter Marian , Mack Wolfgang
Published: July 2022

Dual-task paradigms have dominated multitasking research in recent decades. However, recent research has shown that adding a third task to a standard dual-task is not just an add-on (Stefani et al., accepted). Response times and error rates increased more than twofold for the triple-task compared to dual-tasks. It seems that task coordination plays a crucial role in multiple task processing. In the present study, we sought to narrow the gap between lab-based and real-world applications, as the prediction of current cognitive models is still restricted. In Experiment 1, we trained participants in a location-hand and pitch-voice dual-task for up to nine sessions. In another eight sessions, this was followed by a triple-task training (location-hand, pitch-voice, and color-feet) in Experiment 2. In addition, participants with no prior knowledge of dual- or triple-task also trained the triple-task in eight sessions. In E2, all single-tasks and all possible dual-task combinations were also trained. We could demonstrate that participants who had previously trained dual-tasks benefited from them in E2. However, they could not gain a significant advantage in the new third single-task (responding to color stimuli with their foot). In the last session, no difference in training status could be detected anymore. In general, the higher demands on the coordination of subtasks seem to have a much greater impact on response times than in dual-tasks, which is given little to no consideration in the current multitasking research.
Abulia major and hypoactive delirium in COVID-19 reversed with methylprednisolone pulse therapy
Authors: Zanella Luiz Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Barros D’Elia , Zanella Luiz Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Barros D’Elia
Published: July 2022

Background: Sars-CoV-2 is a member of the genus Betacoronavirus like the two other coronaviruses viz. SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) and MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus). SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations in acute and chronic COVID-19 (long COVID-19 syndrome), bringing social consequences and worsening people's quality of life. Overview: This article exemplifies two cases of neurological manifestations resulting from infection by SARS-CoV-2 that were reversed with methylprednisolone in a pulse therapy regimen. The first case presents a young patient with symptoms similar to those existing in patients with Alzheimer's disease, whose final and presumable diagnosis was Abulia major. The second case exemplifies an elderly person admitted to the hospital due to hypoactive delirium triggered by a urinary tract infection hypothesis. The final diagnosis was hypoactive delirium secondary to COVID-19, with urinary manifestations from SARS-CoV-2 kidney injury. Aim and Conclusion: The purpose of this article is to warn about phenomena related to COVID-19, whose treatment can be performed with high doses of corticosteroids and with drugs that act positively on dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. Patient exams and more information are available in the Appendix of this article.
The Role of Soil Bunds Construction in Improving Soil Fertility In Jarso District, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Taye Samuel , Megersa Tolera , Yadeta Habtamu
Published: July 2022

To minimize severe soil erosion ,Physical soil and water conservation practices are being implemented by community campaign, NGOs and individually by farmers in Ethiopia, because it was resulting in reduction of crop production. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the role of physical SWC practices mainly soil bund in improving soil fertility. 18 Soil sample were taken from purposively selected four years, two years and non-conserved field. To analyze the collected data; SPSS V.21 and SAS (9.1 Version) were used both for descriptive and inferential data analysis. The study Results showed that significant relationship ( p < 0.05) was found between the plot relative to the soil bund and levels of pH, Available phosphorus,(P-av),Available Potassium(K av),Cation Exchange Capacity(CEC),Elictrical Conductivity(EC,Ntot) and SOC,SOM and Exchangeable bases(Mg,Na,Ca,) which are higher in conserved land which improve soil fertility status of the study area. From the study it was concluded that the conservation practices age have significant effects on selected soil fertilities. As the age of soil bund increase, fertility gain shown increment. The un-expected out come in this study is that available phosphorus showed no significant difference between two years and four years conserved farmland with soil bund. To realize sustainable development goals, it needs integrated planning, selecting the desired SWC structures, implementing and maintaining of soil conservation measures to save its consequence on the life of community .
Sources, Pattern, and Health Impacts of PM2.5 in the Central Region of Bangladesh using PMF, SOM, and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Hassan Md Shareful , Bhuiyan Mohammad Amir Hossain , Iqbal S M Saify , Rahman Muhammad Tauhidur
Published: July 2022

The Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is one of the major environmental and public health threats in Bangladesh. It is important to explore the relationship between PM2.5, and other variables to mitigate its adverse health impacts. This study aims to understand the sources, patterns, and health impacts of PM2.5 in five central districts of Bangladesh using fourteen variables. These variables have been analyzed by PMF, SOM, Machine Learning, and Multi-regression analysis. This paper has found that PM2.5 is correlated positively with NO (0.55), BC (0.45), CH4 (0.38), and NOx (0.22), while correlated negatively with Rainfall (-0.10), CO (-0.33), and SO2 (-0.24). In PMF modeling, the R2 values of settlement density (1.00), SO2 (0.99), DEM (0.94), Rainfall (0.77), NO (0.74) and Brickfield (0.66) have found as the most correlated variables. In this study, the dominant variables NO, CO, Rainfall, O3, AOT, CH4, and BC are found in Factor 1; SO2, settlement density, and DEM are found in Factor 2; and population density and brickfield are found in Factor 3. In SOM mapping, most of the variables are concentrated in the north-eastern, central, and south-eastern parts of the study area. The prediction of PM2.5 using machine learning is significant, showing reasonable R2 for Random Forest (0.85), Extreme gradient boosting (0.81), and Stepwise Linear (0.76). The impact of PM2.5 on child ARI is significant (p = 0.002, R2 = 0.75); while child mortality is not significant (p = 0.268; R2 = 0.55). These results will be useful for creating and implementing local and regional PM2.5 mitigation plans. Concern institutions and academia may also use these outputs for reducing health impacts, particularly child mortality and acute respiratory infections.
The mechanism of Icariside II on NSCLC/COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Kong Qing , Zhu Huahe , Liu Baojun , Dong Jingcheng
Published: July 2022

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are susceptible to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but related treatments are limited. Icariside II (IS), a metabolite of plant Epimedin, showed anti-inflammation and immunoregulation effects in various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of IS on NSCLC/COVID-19. Targets of NSCLC/COVID-19 were defined as the common targets of NSCLC and COVID-19. The clinical characteristics of NSCLC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database and analyzed by the R package of “survival”, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. Further, the targets in IS treatment of NSCLC/COVID-19 were defined as the overlapping targets of IS and NSCLC/COVID-19 targets. Gene Ontology (Go) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the treatment targets found IS might affect the leucocyte migration, inflammation response, and active oxygen species metabolic process, and regulate the IL-17, TNF, and HIF-1 signaling pathway in NSCLC/COVID-19. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network identified six hub targets of IS in the treatment of NSCLC/COVID-19 including F2, SELE, MMP1, MMP2, AGTR1, and AGTR2. Molecular docking showed above target proteins had a great binding degree to IS. Our finding indicated that IS exerts therapeutic effects in NSCLC patients infected with COVID-19, supporting a further pre-clinical study to validate the related effect and underlying mechanism.
A numerical study on planar gradient acoustic impedance matching for guided ultrasonic wave detection
Authors: Rottmann Max , Roloff Thomas , Rauter Natalie , Rittmeier Liv , Sinapius Michael , Weber Wolfgang E.
Published: July 2022

Increasing the service-life of engineering structures such as e. g. airplanes is a major issue in order to enhance their cost-effectiveness and to reduce the carbon footprint. One possibility to achieve this goal is to determine the current (structural) health state and to derive respective measures e. g. in order to increase the structure’s technical reliability.For doing so, a structural health monitoring system consisting of both an actuator and a sensor network may be applied. Whereas the actuator induces a wave-field of guided ultrasonic waves, the measuring data of the sensors allow to determine the health state of the respective structure. However, both actuators and sensors in most cases distort thesewave fields. This distortion may lead to false-detection of damages: both the number and severity of damages may be over- or underestimated. The former leads to an unnecessary high effort for retrofitting the structure whereas the latter reduces the structure’s technical reliability. Several measures exist in order to avoid such false-detections. In thepresent contribution, focus is set on reducing the distortion of the wave field which is caused by a sensor. The reduced distortion of the wave field is achieved by an acoustic impedance matching with a functionally graded material which is based on a mechanical model. The approach additionally results in amplified measuring signals of the sensor. Bymeans of a numerical study the applicability of the proposed approach is shown.
Network pharmacology-based strategy to investigate the molecular target and mechanism of Jiawei Linggui Zhugan decoction in the treatment of obesity
Authors: Wang Ning , Chen Hongda , Ye Zhiyu , Cao Nan , Mo Binyan , Qin Jian , Tan Li
Published: July 2022

Background. Jiawei Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction (JW-LZD) is based on LingguiZhugan Decoction (LZD) and adds eight traditional Chinese medicines: Codonopsispilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Yam, Epimedium, Morinda officinalis, TangerinePeel, Pinellia ternata and Coix Seed, which can be used for the treatment of obesityin the clinical. In this study, we determined the molecular targets and mechanismsinvolved in obesity treatment through network pharmacological analysis, andmolecular docking technology. Material and Methods. Related compounds wereobtained from the TCMSP.Oral bioavailability and drug-likeness were screened usingpharmacokinetic criteria. Molecular targets were identified in the drug-bank databaseand compared with obesity disease differential genes with P < 0.05 and ∣ log2FC >0.5 obtained in the GEO-database to obtain cross genes and construct the TCMcompound disease regulation network. After constructing PPI, Go, and KEGGanalyses, the key active components and target genes were selected. Moleculardocking was carried out using AutoDock, and the best binding target was selected toselect the best binding target for molecular docking. Results. A total of 248 potentialcompounds and 30 strongly associated JW-LZD targets were identified. Pathwayenrichment analysis showed that putative JW-LZD targets mostly participated inadenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling, adrenergic receptorsignaling, regulation of signal receptor activity, coagulation, and other metabolicrelated biological processes. The molecular docking results showed that the key JWLZDcomponents have good potential to combine with the target genes ADRB2,ADRA2A, ADRA2C, CHEK1, CHEK2, and DGAT2. Conclusion. Our findingssuggest that JW-LZD prevent obesity through the molecular mechanisms predicted bynetwork pharmacology, providing a way to develop new combination medicines forobesity.
Vaccination Campaign: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Kashcha Mariia , Kwilinski Aleksy , Petrenko Karina
Published: July 2022

This study provides the bibliometric analysis of publications addressing the COVID-19 pandemic and preventive measures to overcome it. This study aims to analyze, systematize, and build clusters of world schools of thought that changed their research directions in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. The relevance of solving the scientific problem is urgent to quickly restore the economy, education, tourism, and other spheres of society affected by the pandemic. The authors emphasized that vaccination is one of the effective ways to reduce COVID-19 morbidity. Therefore, the study sample was generated with articles indexed by keywords “COVID-19” and «vaccination» in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The study period covers 2020-2021. To operate with the most relevant publications, the study sample was limited by the English publication language and subject areas, excluding the publications in the categories of medicine and pharmacology. The case study involved the VOSviewer software, Web of Science, and Scopus database analysis tools in analyzing the scientific background on the issue of trust in the vaccination campaign. The visualization of findings was conducted using the VOSviewer software tools. The obtained results showed most of the work was published by the scholars of American, English, Chinese, German and Italian affiliations. The study identified at least 10 research directions on the investigated topic: the reasons for differentiating the intentions to be vaccinated; attitudes towards vaccinations depending on gender, age, and social status; forecasting different recovering scenarios; consequences of misinformation and fight against misinformation; effectiveness of social pressure on the population; the role of social networks; sufficiency of using personal protective equipment; the self-responsibility in creating collective immunity; the need medical staff visits; testing the effectiveness of the vaccine, etc. The findings of the bibliometric analysis could be useful for further empirical studies to find cause-and-effect relationships and mathematical modeling of the reasons for vaccination refusal and predicting different pandemic scenarios.
Challenge of COVID-19 and Nigerian Economic Change: The Way Forward
Authors: Kazeem Bayo L.O. , Adewale Omotayo Vincent , Kayode I. Kadiri , Kayode Oluwayemi Joseph
Published: July 2022

The Nigerian Economic implication of COVID-19 motivated this study. The study discussed the argument and counterargument within scientific discussions on the challenge of COVID-19 on Nigerian Economy. The broad objective of this study is to investigate the Nigerian Economic Change and Challenge of COVID-19 as well as the way forward. The specific objective is to determine the relationship between Nigerian Gross Domestic Product and COVID-19 comparing 2019 and 2020 Nigerian Economic Change, the study also aimed at establishing the way out of COVID-19. Descriptive statistics method of data analysis was used to present the results and findings of the study. The research design adopted in this study is ex-post facto. In this research, the type of data analysis that will be employed is descriptive statistics. The techniques will involve a view and appraisal of the effect of COVID-19 on Nigerian economy. That notwithstanding, the methodology can produce useful and meaningful results. To achieve this, quantitative analysis involving the use of percentages, degrees and graphical charts for the explanation of the data collected will be employed. Findings revealed that the coronavirus pandemic lockdown reduced the volume and value of production in Nigeria and affected the gross domestic product of Nigeria which almost jeopardized the Nigerian economy. Findings also revealed that resumption of offices and trading activities leads to an increase in the level and volume of production in Nigeria and this led to an increase in the value of GDP in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that the Nigeria government should pay more attention to the Nigerian health sector in terms of funding, equipping hospitals, and training of medical staff. Nigerians should make use of preventive measures of COVID-19 which is the best way out of COVID-19; this will prevent shutting down of sectors and lead to a very high level of production in Nigeria. The study is highly unique as it will make Nigerians to know the effect of COVID-19 on Nigerian Economy. The study will shed light on different ways out of Coronavirus. The data to be analyzed covers 2019-2020 Nigerian quaterly Gross Domestic Product.
Promotion of Innovative Microchip in the Market of Medical Services: Marketing Aspects
Authors: Didenko Inna , Syhyda Liubov , Markauskaitė Rita
Published: July 2022

In current conditions, people can quickly move between regions, countries, and continents. This freedom of movement makes it easier to share knowledge and strengthen potential. However, the period of the COVID-19 pandemic showed that diseases move too. It becomes more challenging to detect and control conditions in time. Accordingly, there is a need to develop a concept of an innovative product. This innovative product must facilitate the timely detection, treatment, or prevention of diseases caused by pathogenic components, poisons, or toxins that may endanger human life and health during travel. The article aims to develop an innovation in the field of medicine and describe the marketing aspects of its promotion. The study showed that innovation is becoming an essential part of medicine. Artificial intelligence technologies and nanosized (microscopically tiny) materials and objects develop rapidly in the medical sphere. Following specific trends in treatment, we have formed the concept of an innovative product. The essence of the idea is as follows: a microchip «InBlood» can detect specific pathogens and toxins and create opportunities for timely medical care. At the initial stage, it was proposed to produce two versions of the innovative product: 1) «InBlood Tourist» the primary target audience of which are people who travel; 2) «InBlood Life» the target audience of which are people who have health problems and monitor the state of their performance or people for whom disease prevention is important. The analysis of indirect competitors helped to determine the price of innovative microchips. A system of discounts has also been developed. In addition, it is advisable to use a multi-channel distribution system to sell innovative microchips. It means using direct sales through online stores and sales departments of the manufacturer and sales through intermediaries. Thus, the principal intermediaries in the sale of chips «InBlood Tourist» will be travel agencies and «InBlood Life» – medical centers. For the innovative microchip promotion on the market, we proposed the following plan of communication activities: (1) participation in international electronics exhibitions; (2) collaborations with techno-bloggers on Youtube, Instagram, Tiktok; (3) personal presentation of goods to future partner companies (medical centers, travel companies, etc.); (4) launch of review articles on technological and tourist resources and stories in the media; (5) mailing to consumers, launching contextual advertising, and targeting search networks; (6) placement of outdoor advertising in the form of billboards and interactive screens. Moreover, a brand with a complete visual identity will be formed. Thus, the practical significance of the article consists in the strategy formation for innovative microchip presentation and dissemination among consumers in the field of medicine.
Systematic Approach of Using Body Painting Method for Anatomy Teaching and Practical via Online Platform
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia, Ker Woon Choy , Hadie Siti Nurma Hanim ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

In the context of medical education, body painting refers to the schematic portrayal of internal organs on the body’s surface. Body painting session has been reported to be fun and engaging, and it encourages learning through easy visualisation of underlying anatomical structures. Besides improving anatomical knowledge retention, body painting is particularly effective for learning surface anatomy and complementing the teaching of clinical skills and peer assessment procedures such as palpation. Indeed, the clinical relevance of the gross anatomy can be conveyed to students by bringing cadaveric anatomy to life body painting. In educational perspective, the delivery of body painting method is in line with the active learning approach and collaborative learning principle; and its instructional design follows the principles of the cognitive load theory. In this article, we provide a systematic approach for a successful body painting session for anatomy teaching via online platform, which cater for remote learning needs amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
Exploring the Domains of Faculty Development Programmes for Malaysian Medical School Lecturers: A Qualitative Study
Authors:   School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mat Nor Mohd Zarawi , Ab Latif Rusnani ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Faculty development programmes (FDPs) are recognised to be effective mechanisms by which to enhance medical education. They cover various domains of both the clinical and non-clinical environments; however, the available data on these programmes are insufficient. The aim of this study was to explore the domains covered in FDPs conducted in Malaysian public medical schools. A qualitative approach was used for this study, which involved 30 participants from five Malaysian medical schools in 2019. The inclusion criteria for the study were (a) participants were lecturers who had served at least five years, (b) participants had experience with FDPs, and (c) participants were medical doctors. Trainee lectures were excluded from the study. Document analysis and focus group discussions were utilised for the collection of data. The data were analysed using the ATLAS.ti software and the inductive thematic analysis approach. The data analysis indicated three themes (personal attributes, professional attributes and curriculum management); six categories (communication skills, teaching and learning methods, e-learning, student management, assessment and research methodology) and 13 sub-categories namely, interpersonal communication, intrapersonal communication, adult learning, instructional models, problem-based learning (PBL), clinical-based learning (CBL), team-based learning (TBL), multiple-choice question (MCQ), single best answer (SBA), objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), standard setting, qualitative research and quantitative research. This study demonstrates the significant role played by FDPs in Malaysian public medical schools. Medical faculties are advised to incorporate all these domains into their development programmes.