bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Structure Specifics of the Javelin Throwing Technique of elite Athletes
Authors: Klimashevsky Olexander
Published: February 2018

The relevance of the research. At the current  stage of sports science development , the most promising direction for increasing sport results is that focuses on the maximum usage of the qualitative training process characteristics , reserves search of athletes’ technical skill  improvement , methods and means of technical training, maximal realization of individual congenital and acquired inclinations of athletes. Statement of the Problem. The highest quality in the tmotor actions  technique improvement is achieved through the usage of biomechanical analysis  which is  based on the studying  of  biomechanical structures  using  modern electrooptical  systems of registration and analysis of  movements with the subsequent development of model indicators. The Purpose and Methods of Research. The aim of this work is to analyze the peculiarities of the biomechanical structure of the javelin throwing technique by elite athletes. Research methods : analysis of scientific and methodical literature, video, biomechanical analysis and  methods of mathematical statistics. Results and Key Conclusions. The analysis of the javelin throwing technique of highly qualified athletes is carried out. In the experiment four javelineers participated – masters of sport of the international class. With the help of video shooting and biomechanical analysis quantitative characteristics of the biomechanical structure of the throwing javelins technique of highly qualified athletes are obtained. The indexes that influence the javelin flight range in the phases of the previous run, final run and final effort are studied. The temporal, spatial and spatial-temporal characteristics of the technique of motor activity is analyzed. The obtained data is planned to be used for constructing models of the biomechanical structure of the javelin throwing technique. The indicators of the biomechanical structure of the javelin throwing technique discovered by highly qualified athletes can be used as sample models for athletes of lower qualification. Prospects for further research are the study of the biomechanical structure of the equipment of qualified athletes and the discriminatory features revealed in the technique of athletes of different qualifications, with the aim of further improving the javelin throwing technique of the qualified athletes.
Lülelerde Görülen Kuş Figürleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: AYHAN Gökben
Published: February 2018

Osmanlı
İmparatorluğu’nda gerek başkent İstanbul’da gerekse taşrada çok sayıda lüle
üretilmiştir. Genellikle çanağın formuna göre adlandırılan lüleler, tipleri ve
süslemeleri bakımından farklılık gösterirler. Lülelerde bitkisel, geometrik,
yazılı ve figürlü süsleme programının unsurları tek veya bir arada
kullanılmıştır. Figürlü örnekler arasında aslan, mask ve kuş tasvirlerine
rastlanır. Mevcut yayınlar ışığında kuş tasvirinin aslan ve mask tasvirine göre
daha yoğun olduğu görülür. Bu makalenin konusunu da kuş figürlü lüleler
oluşturmaktadır. Kuş figürlü lülelerin de sınırlı sayıda olduğu mevcut
örneklerden anlaşılmaktadır. Lülelerde bu figürün sevilerek kullanılması dikkat
çekicidir.

Bu makalede kuş figürünün hangi lüle formları üzerinde
yer aldığı, lülenin hangi bölümünde bulunduğu, figürün tek ya da diğer süsleme
unsurlarıyla birlikte kullanımı konusunda tespitler yapılmıştır. Çeşitli
merkezlerde görülen lülelerdeki kuş figürleri, üslup özellikleri bakımından da
değerlendirilerek İslam Sanatı’ndaki diğer sanat dallarında görülen kuş
figürleri ile karşılaştırılarak incelenmiştir.
Cumhuriyet Döneminde Ayasofya Yazarlığı: Sanat Tarihi Literatürü Bağlamında Bir İnceleme
Authors: KÖK Elif
Published: February 2018

Sadece Bizans çağının değil, tüm mimarlık tarihinin en önemli köşe
taşlarından biri olarak görülen Ayasofya Kilisesi’nin, literatürde önemli bir yeri
vardır;  Osmanlı’nın son dönemine kadar
aktif olarak kullanılan, kullanımı bir prestij vesilesi olarak görülen ve
mimaride büyüklüğün, azametin ölçütü olarak kabul edilen Ayasofya, 19. yüzyıl
öncesi metinlere, özellikle yapımına dair yarı-efsanevî bilgilerle konu
olmuştur. 20. yüzyıl literatüründe ise, milliyetçi eğilimlerin yükselişiyle
birlikte, Bizans kültürü ile özdeşleşen yapı, kısmen olumsuz bir vurguyla da ele
alınmıştır. Gelişmiş mimari çözümlemelerden ziyade ulusal kaygılara dayanan bu
yorumlarda Ayasofya’nın, Osmanlı mimarisinin algılanması için bir anahtar rolü
oynadığı gözlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla, Cumhuriyet dönemi literatüründeki Türklük
ve Türk sanatı algılarının çözümlenmesinde de önemli bir mihenk taşıdır.
Edirne Yeni Saray Kazısı (Saray-ı Cedîd-i Âmire) 2011 Yılı Çalışmaları
Authors: ÖZER Mustafa , DÜNDAR Mesut , GÜNER Yavuz , UÇAR Hasan
Published: February 2018

Edirne’de
Osmanlı Dönemi’nde inşa edilmiş iki önemli saray; Eski Saray (Saray- ı Atik) ve Yeni Saray (Saray-ı
Cedîd-i Âmire) bulunmaktadır. Edirne Yeni Saray; Edirne’nin Sarayiçi olarak
adlandırılan bölgesinde, Tunca Nehri’nin batısındaki alanda, II. Murad’ın
saltanatının son yıllarında, 1450 yılında inşa edilmeye başlanmış ve hemen her
dönemdeki ilave ve onarımlarla büyük bir kompleks haline gelmiştir. Pek çok
yapısı II. Mehmed (1451-1481) zamanında inşa edilen ve bünyesinde çok farklı
işlevli yaklaşık 100 civarında yapıyı barındıran bu saray, oldukça geniş bir
alana yayılmaktaydı. İmparatorluğun
Yeni Sarayı (Saray-ı Cedîd-i Âmire), yüzyıllar boyunca kullanımda kalmış ve pek
çok önemli olaya (örn. IV. Mehmet’in sünnet şöleni, Osmanlı- Rus Savaşları ve
Balkan Savaşları, vb.) şahit olmuştur. 19. Yüzyılın sonları ve 20. Yüzyılın
başlarında, 1877-1878 Osmanlı- Rus Savaşı ve 1910- 1912 Balkan Savaşları
sırasında, Saray tahribata uğramış ve birçok yapısı yıkılmıştır.

Kaynak ve yayınlardan öğrendiğimize göre Edirne Yeni Saray’ın; 117 Oda, 21
Divanhane, 18 Hamam, 8 Mescit, 17 Kapı, 13 Koğuş, 4 Kiler, 5 Mutfak, 17 Kasır
ve 6 Köprü’den meydana geldiği anlaşılmaktadır. Kuşkusuz bu bilgiler, arşiv
belgeleri üzerindeki incelemeler ile sahada yapılacak kazı ve araştırmalarla
daha sağlıklı hale gelecektir.
Compliance na Administração Pública
Authors: Coelho Claudio Carneiro Bezerra Pinto
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste texto é analisar a importância do Compliance Público no Brasil, especialmente por força da edição da lei 13.303/16 e dos demais diplomas nacionais e internacionais que revestem o tema. A corrupção vem assolando o mundo moderno, em especial o Brasil. Esse cenário vem exigindo uma mudança comportamental por parte das empresas e não poderia ser diferente com o Poder Público. Partindo-se da previsão constitucional, em sequência, investigam-se as normas que exteriorizam a transparência necessária dos atos de gestão pública, de modo a evitar os atos de corrupção e de má-gestão pública. A busca da gestão de riscos e da implantação e manutenção de Programas de Integridade, por força do contido na Lei Anticorrupção (Lei nº 12.846/2013) são o alvo para a edição das normas afetas à Integridade na Administração Pública. Assim, diante de tais circunstâncias e por ser algo relativamente novo no país, nasceu o chamado Compliance Público, que além de já ser considerada uma realidade para o setor público em todo o Brasil, deve se consolidar em todas as esferas e órgãos federais, estaduais e municipais, sobretudo com a publicação do novo diploma legislativo.
A reforma agrária municipal e os bloqueios do neoliberalismo regulador
Authors: Clark Giovani , Corrêa Leonardo Alves , Do Nascimento Samuel Pontes
Published: February 2018

O objetivo do artigo é demonstrar, em face da Constituição brasileira de 1988, a possibilidade jurídica dos Municípios realizarem a reforma agrária.  Após uma breve introdução, onde anotamos que as concentrações de terras rurais da Nação na atualidade são superiores às de meados do século passado e que as recentes políticas públicas da União privilegiam o agronegócio, explicamos em seguida o neoliberalismo de regulação e elencamos alguns de seus mecanismos para bloquear a reforma agrária. Depois, fazemos uma interpretação sistemática da Constituição Econômica de 1988 e concluímos que os municípios brasileiros possuem competência para realizarem a reforma agrária. A fim de reforçar a nossa tese, trazemos pareceres de juristas e decisões de Tribunais Superiores nacionais favoráveis às desapropriações, por parte dos três entes da federação, de imóveis rurais, mediante pagamento em dinheiro, para a execução de suas políticas públicas (incluído programas de reforma agrária), com base na Lei n. 4.132/62.
“Papel criador do intérprete” x ‘papel criativo do intérprete’
Authors: Penna Bernardo
Published: February 2018

Diante de um evidente protagonismo do Judiciário e da ampliação de seus poderes, nos deparamos eventualmente com uma deletéria conduta praticada pelos julgadores, qual seja a “invenção” do Direito conforme suas convicções pessoais. Disfarçada sob o manto do chamado ‘ativismo judicial’, essa nociva ocorrência se evidencia até mesmo nos tribunais constitucionais, que se afastam de sua premissa originária de guardar o texto constitucional e apelam para uma verdadeira “invenção” do direito, calcada em uma injustificável discricionariedade que serve para maquiar essa criatividade indevida que configura o chamado ‘decisionismo’. Pretende o presente artigo apresentar algumas decisões do STF com essas características, bem como diferenciar o ‘papel criador’ do ‘papel criativo’ do intérprete.
O devido processo legal e o (in) devido processo penal brasileiro
Authors: Santiago Neto José de Assis
Published: February 2018

O Direito Processual Penal brasileiro passa por um momento de importante de atrasada, reforma. A Constituição de 1988, democrática e com estrutura acusatória, de um lado, e, de outro, um código bolorento, feito sob a ditadura Vargas e que serviu, não só ao Estado Novo, como ao regime da ditadura militar (1964-1984), forjado sob o autoritarismo não serve à democracia. Assim, buscamos estabelecer as exigências do due process of law, para tentar quebrar a inqusitoriedade presente no sistema processual penal brasileiro. Após estabelecer o conteúdo normativo do devido processo penal, estabelecemos o devido processo acusatório, através da fixação de papeis claros para cada um dos atores processuais penais e da limitação de sua atuação, sem que um possa ocupar o lugar do outro, sob pena de desvirtuar o modelo constitucional de processo e, consequentemente o próprio devido processo legal. Por fim, estabelecemos o panorama do atual processo penal brasileiro através de sua origem inquisitória e demonstramos que as inúmeras alterações pontuais não foram suficientes para alterar sua estrutura inquisitorial. Aliado a isso, analisamos alguns dispositivos do Projeto de Novo Código de Processo Penal (NCPP), para demonstrar que apesar de seu texto trazer uma aproximação com a estrutura acusatória, há ainda sérios resquícios de um modelo inqusitivo que ainda insiste em assombrar o processo penal brasileiro e que somente será afastado por uma mudança de mentalidade de todos aqueles que vivenciam o processo penal pátrio.
Justiça restaurativa, mediação penal e sua aplicabilidade aos crimes de menor potencial ofensivo
Authors: Souza Thaís Garcia de , Gama Júlio César Boa Sorte Leão
Published: February 2018

As finalidades propostas pelo sistema penal retributivo brasileiro nem sempre conseguem ser atingidas e a intranquilidade decorrente dessas condições resulta em um cenário de súplica social por soluções alternativas de resolução de conflitos. A partir dessa ideia, surge a justiça restaurativa como uma nova forma de intervenção penal, visando reparar os danos por meio do diálogo e reflexão entre os envolvidos no conflito. O presente estudo teve por objetivo verificar a aplicação da mediação penal, inserida no âmbito da justiça restaurativa, como forma de resolução de conflito, nos casos envolvendo crimes de menor potencial ofensivo. Para isso, utilizou-se como forma de obtenção de informações a revisão bibliográfica, aplicando-se o método dedutivo. Foram apresentadas bases críticas à função da pena a ao atual sistema de justiça penal, demonstrando, ainda, que o foco maior deve estar na participação da vítima na busca pela melhor solução do conflito e não apenas no ofensor. Após contextualizar os principais aspectos dos crimes de menor potencial ofensivo, passou-se a analisar a possibilidade de aplicação do sistema restaurativo a tais crimes, bem como as dificuldades na sua implementação no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro.
O Direito e as formas de integração social desde a teoria do discurso de J. Habermas
Authors: Bahia Alexandre Gustavo Melo Franco de Moraes
Published: February 2018

Resumo: procuramos reconstruir o Capítulo I do livro de Jürgen Habermas: Faticidade e Validade, no qual o autor mostra como o Direito, na Modernidade, se torna “a” forma democrática de integração social. Dessa forma os supostos de integração face do face da Filosofia da Linguagem podem, através do Direito, alcançar formas anônimas de formação da opinião e da vontade públicas.

Palavras-chave: Habermas, Facticidade e Validade, Direito, Integração Social, Democracia.
A competência constitucional para legislar sobre processo e procedimentos e o Código de Processo Civil de 2015
Authors: Souza Marcia Cristina X. de
Published: February 2018

O presente trabalho pretende analisar uma novidade introduzida pela Constituição de 1988: a competência da União, dos Estados e do Distrito Federal para legislar sobre processo e procedimento.  Para tanto, são analisadas as três espécies de competência legislativa e seus limites, bem como os conceitos, semelhanças e distinções entre processo e procedimento, a fim de tentar estabelecer as competências dos entes públicos.  A partir de tais premissas e considerando-se as garantias fundamentais do processo justo, tenta-se demonstrar que é possível a adequação de tais competências na perspectiva do novo Código de Processo Civil, observada a segurança jurídica e a celeridade.
Adam Smith ve Karl Marx’ın Düşüncelerinde Sınıf Kavramının Yeri
Authors: Başaran Anıl
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışmada sosyal bilimlerin önemli kavramlarından
birisi olan “sınıf” kavramı üzerinde durulmaktadır. Önce sınıf kavramının
etimolojik ve tarihsel kökenleri incelenmekte ve daha sonra toplumların sınıf
yapılarının özellikle feodalizm ve kapitalizm dönemlerinde nasıl dönüştüğü ele alınmaktadır.
Çalışmanın asıl amacı Smith ve Marx’ın sınıf kavramına yaklaşımlarının bir
mukayesesini yapmaktır.
GILLES DELEUZE'DE EMPİRİK BİLGİNİN KAVRAMSAL ANALİZİ
Authors: İSMET ÖZSOY Burçak
Published: February 2018

Bu makalenin konusunu Fransız düşünür Gilles Deleuze’ün empirik bilgiye tasarımcı anlayışla yaklaşan metotlara karşı eleştirel tavrı oluşturur. Geleneksel felsefenin tasarım ve özdeşlik ilkesine dayanan 'özne'yi yıkmak adına Deleuze'ün sunduğu alternatif yöntem incelenmiştir. Deleuze'ün ortaya koyduğu aşkınsal emprisizm metodu incelenirken bunu Henri Bergson'un zaman felsefesine nasıl dayandırdığı makalenin içeriğini teşkil eder. Gerek Deleuze gerekse Bergson için en can alıcı kavramların başında gelen oluş düşüncesinin geleneksel öznenin yıkımında nasıl rol oynadığı bu yazıda incelenmiştir.
Pemberdayaan IPM Melalui Perpustakaan Mini Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Produktivitas Baca-Tulis di Kapas Madya Baru Surabaya
Authors: Ridlwan M. , Asyari Asyari
Published: February 2018

Library is the most important thing in sharpening youth knowledge. So as a strategy in order to form productivity mabaca and nenulis juveniles. Because adolescents with their sensitivity are very sensitive to the environment so it triggers the juvenile delinquency. Therefore, this dedication is carried out during the one-month time allocation through the procurement of multi-source mini libraries that are established through the form of training or workshops that are teenagers strategic in the formation of the growth of literacy productivity. The results obtained show that the formation of reading and writing culture through multi-source library conducted with the guidance of inten. Workshops or reading and writing skills can make it easier for youth IPM to give creativity and innovation. So denagan kegitan like that a bit much can minimize juvenile delinquency. Therefore, the need to hold a mini library in a mosque with activities of literacy and adolescent literacy should be done in a sustainable manner.
Workshop Tari Anak di SD Negeri Sudimoro 01 Kecamatan Bululawang Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Werdiningtiyas Ratih Kartika , Chrisyarani Denna Delawanti
Published: February 2018

SDN Sudimoro 1 Bululawang subdistrict has not done extracurricular activities of dance art, from some guardians initiative to involve his children to follow the dance and dance arts in the local dance studio. At the time of art performances, the school finds it difficult to find a dance coach because of the lack of coaches, locations that are too far from the citizens and lack of material about children's dance. Based on the condition of SDN Sudimoro 1, it is very important to be held about dance training for elementary school students, especially low grade. This devotional activity is held five days, the first day of delivery of basic ant dance material, second day until the five participants perform the practice of motion variety of ant dance along with the floor pattern. The purpose of the workshop is to improve students' ability in maximizing the use of ant dance as a suitable learning in dance, developing and creating cultural art learning materials, especially dance art related to the concept, and improving students ability and skill.
Kader Kesehatan Sebagai Konselor Gizi Anak
Authors: Septikasari Majestika
Published: February 2018

Lack of adequate nutrition intake not only affects the disruption of growth and development of children but can further impact on increased risk of morbidity and mortality of children. In 2016, the number of children under five in Slarang Village is 1056 toddlers and 63 (5.96%) of them are malnourished. One of the efforts to overcome the problem is through the role of health cadres. But with the number of Poyandu 11 Posyandu and 55 health cadres, the role of cadres in promotive efforts is still lacking. Observations conducted at 4 posyandu showed that the cadres were only responsible for recording and weighing. Based on the interviews, the cadres found that children's nutrition knowledge is still lacking, they can not counsel properly and there is no cadre handbook.Community service activities have been implemented with the results have been compiled pocket book nutrition cadres. The number of participants was 19 cadres, the cadre's knowledge about children's nutrition had increased from 61,8 average to 93,7 and had been monitored activity to see the cadre skill in giving nutrition counseling of children through visit to 6 posyandu where 11 cadres conducted skill evaluation nutritional counseling of children with a checklist of more than 70.
A Renewed Approach to the ABC Landscape Assessment Method: An Application to Muntanyes d’Ordal, Barcelona Metropolitan Area
Authors: Serrano Giné David
Published: February 2018

The aim of this paper is to describe a renewed approach to the ABC landscape assessment method, a procedure that undertakes landscape approach considering abiotic (A), biotic (B) and cultural (C) elements shaping the landscape. This new method is organized in three nested multi-scaled levels defined with high accuracy (1:10,000; 1:20,000; 1:25,000), it combines holistic and parametric approaches and it delineates landscape units from both a typological and chorological point of view. The procedure is based on field work, congruently integrates physical, cultural and perceived landscape components and focuses on the spatial dimension of landscape. Landscape units are hierarchised and classified, leading to a landscape taxonomy. An example is given for Muntanyes d’Ordal, in the Barcelona metropolitan area, with 36 units and 1,019 delineations at Level I, 8 units and 74 delineations at Level II and 14 units at Level III. Overall, 42.5% of Level I delineations are defined by biotic elements and 32.4% by anthropic elements, which shows the peri-urban nature of the area studied. The main interest and originality of the method lies in the fact that the holistic and parametric approaches are integrated using a systematic procedure that can be easily replicated anywhere so that results from different areas can be compared.
Nanotherapy and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Cancer: A Novel Perspective
Authors: Brenneisen Peter , Reichert Andreas
Published: February 2018

The incidence of numerous types of cancer has been increasing over recent years, representing the second-most frequent cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Even though, the number of effective anticancer drugs is increasing as well, a large number of patients suffer from severe side effects (e.g., cardiomyopathies) caused by these drugs. This adversely affects the patients’ well-being and quality of life. On the molecular level, tumor cells that survive treatment modalities can become chemotherapy-resistant. In addition, adverse impacts on normal (healthy, stromal) cells occur concomitantly. Strategies that minimize these negative impacts on normal cells and which at the same time target tumor cells efficiently are needed. Recent studies suggest that redox-based combinational nanotherapies may represent one option in this direction. Here, we discuss recent advances in the application of nanoparticles, alone or in combination with other drugs, as a promising anticancer tool. Such novel strategies could well minimize harmful side effects and improve patients’ health prognoses.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure Analysis and Decomposition of RbAlH4
Authors: Weidenthaler Claudia , Felderhoff Michael , Bernert Thomas , Sørby Magnus , Hauback Bjørn , Krech Daniel
Published: February 2018

RbAlH4, a member of the complex metal aluminum hydride family, can be synthesized phase pure by different synthesis routes. Synthesis from the metals by a mechanochemical reaction requires the presence of a catalyst, but also emphasizes the reversibility of hydrogenation. The structure refinement of neutron diffraction data confirms that RbAlD4 is isostructural to KAlD4. The decomposition proceeds via two distinct processes at temperatures above 275 °C. However, the structures formed during decomposition seem to be different from the compounds formed during hydrogen release of early alkali metal aluminum hydrides.
Application of GIS to Empirical Windthrow Risk Model in Mountain Forested Landscapes
Authors: Krejci Lukas , Kolejka Jaromir , Vozenilek Vit , Machar Ivo
Published: February 2018

Norway spruce dominates mountain forests in Europe. Natural variations in the mountainous coniferous forests are strongly influenced by all the main components of forest and landscape dynamics: species diversity, the structure of forest stands, nutrient cycling, carbon storage, and other ecosystem services. This paper deals with an empirical windthrow risk model based on the integration of logistic regression into GIS to assess forest vulnerability to wind-disturbance in the mountain spruce forests of Šumava National Park (Czech Republic). It is an area where forest management has been the focus of international discussions by conservationists, forest managers, and stakeholders. The authors developed the empirical windthrow risk model, which involves designing an optimized data structure containing dependent and independent variables entering logistic regression. The results from the model, visualized in the form of map outputs, outline the probability of risk to forest stands from wind in the examined territory of the national park. Such an application of the empirical windthrow risk model could be used as a decision support tool for the mountain spruce forests in a study area. Future development of these models could be useful for other protected European mountain forests dominated by Norway spruce.
The Impacts of Regulations and Financial Development on the Operations of Supply Chains with Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Xiao Zhuang , Tian Yixiang , Yuan Zheng
Published: February 2018

To establish a micro foundation to understand the impacts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission regulations and financial development levels on firms’ GHG emissions, we build a two-stage dynamic game model to incorporate GHG emission regulations (in terms of an emission tax) and financial development (represented by the corresponding financing cost) into a two-echelon supply chain. With the subgame perfect equilibrium, we identify the conditions to determine whether an emission regulatory policy and/or financial development can affect GHG emissions in the supply chain. We also reveal the impacts of the strictness of GHG emission regulation, the financial development level, and the unit GHG emission rate on the operations of the supply chain and the corresponding profitability implications. Managerial insights are also discussed.
Design Optimization of an Automotive Turbocharger Thrust Bearing Using a CFD-Based THD Computational Approach
Authors: Charitopoulos Anastassios , Visser Roel , Eling Rob , Papadopoulos Christos
Published: February 2018

In a quest to reduce fuel consumption and emissions of automotive combustion engines, friction losses from many different sources need to be minimized. For modern designs of turbochargers commonly used in the automotive industry, reduction of friction losses results in better efficiency and also contributes to a faster transient response. The thrust bearing is one of the main contributors to the mechanical losses of a turbocharger. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize the design of the thrust bearing so that it has minimum friction losses while keeping sufficient thrust carrying capacity. One of the main challenges of turbocharger thrust bearing design, is that rotation speed is not fixed: the turbocharger may have a rotation speed which varies between 0 to as much as 250 kRPM. Moreover, the thrust bearing generates considerable heat, which changes the temperature of the oil film and its surroundings. In the present work, the design of the thrust bearing of an automotive turbocharger has been optimized. A CFD-based Thermohydrodynamic (THD) computational approach has been developed, taking into consideration heat dissipation, conjugate heat transfer throughout the bearing domain including the surrounding parts, as well as shear thinning and cavitation in the lubricant domain. An optimizer has been coupled to the CFD solver, with the aim of identifying bearing designs with reduced friction losses. Two bearing concepts have been evaluated: a taper-land design—which is a commonly applied thrust bearing concept—as well as a pocket bearing design. The resulting optimum pocket designs exhibit improved performance, in comparison to the optimum taper-land design. The present results indicate that (a) the pocket design concept can substantially contribute to further reducing the friction losses of a turbocharger, and (b) optimal design parameters of pocket bearings depend on the specific application (size, operating conditions), therefore detailed calculations should be performed to verify optimum performance.
Electrical/Mechanical Monitoring of Shape Memory Alloy Reinforcing Fibers Obtained by Pullout Tests in SMA/Cement Composite Materials
Authors: Kim Eui-Hyun , Lee Hyunbae , Kim Jae-Hwan , Bae Seung-Muk , Hwang Heesu , Yang Heesun , Choi Eunsoo , Hwang Jin-Ha
Published: February 2018

Self-healing is an essential property of smart concrete structures. In contrast to other structural metals, shape memory alloys (SMAs) offer two unique effects: shape memory effects, and superelastic effects. Composites composed of SMA wires and conventional cements can overcome the mechanical weaknesses associated with tensile fractures in conventional concretes. Under specialized environments, the material interface between the cementitious component and the SMA materials plays an important role in achieving the enhanced mechanical performance and robustness of the SMA/cement interface. This material interface is traditionally evaluated in terms of mechanical aspects, i.e., strain–stress characteristics. However, the current work attempts to simultaneously characterize the mechanical load-displacement relationships synchronized with impedance spectroscopy as a function of displacement. Frequency-dependent impedance spectroscopy is tested as an in situ monitoring tool for structural variations in smart composites composed of non-conducting cementitious materials and conducting metals. The artificial geometry change in the SMA wires is associated with an improved anchoring action that is compatible with the smallest variation in resistance compared with prismatic SMA wires embedded into a cement matrix. The significant increase in resistance is interpreted to be associated with the slip of the SMA fibers following the elastic deformation and the debonding of the SMA fiber/matrix.
Effect of Silver-Emitting Filler on Antimicrobial and Mechanical Properties of Soft Denture Lining Material
Authors: Jabłońska-Stencel Ewa , Pakieła Wojciech , Mertas Anna , Bobela Elżbieta , Kasperski Jacek , Chladek Grzegorz
Published: February 2018

Colonization of silicone-based soft lining materials by pathogenic yeast-type fungi is a common problem associated with the use of dentures. In this study, silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate (SSHZP) was introduced into polydimethylsiloxane-based material as an antimicrobial filler at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14% (w/w). The in vitro antimicrobial efficacy was investigated. Candida albicans was used as a characteristic representative of pathogenic oral microflora. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used as the typical Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, respectively. The effect of filler addition on the Shore A hardness, tensile strength, tensile bond strength, sorption, and solubility was investigated. An increase in the filler concentration resulted in an increase in hardness, sorption, and solubility, and for the highest concentration, a decrease in bond strength. The favorable combination of antimicrobial efficacy with other properties was achieved at filler concentrations ranging from 2% to 10%. These composites exhibited mechanical properties similar to the material without the antimicrobial filler and enhanced in vitro antimicrobial efficiency.
Cladodionen, a Cytotoxic Hybrid Polyketide from the Marine-Derived Cladosporium sp. OUCMDZ-1635
Authors: Zhu Guoliang , Kong Fandong , Wang Yi , Fu Peng , Zhu Weiming
Published: February 2018

A new hybrid polyketide, cladodionen (1), together with a new abscisic acid analogue, cladosacid (2), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus, Cladosporium sp. OUCMDZ-1635. Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were fully elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, ECD spectra, quantum chemical calculations, and chemical methods. Cladodionen (1) showed cytotoxic activities against MCF-7, HeLa, HCT-116, and HL-60 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 18.7, 19.1, 17.9, and 9.1 µM.
The Properties of Arc-Sprayed Aluminum Coatings on Armor-Grade Steel
Authors: Adamiak Marcin , Czupryński Artur , Kopyść Adam , Monica Zbigniew , Olender Małgorzata , Gwiazda Aleksander
Published: February 2018

This article presents the results of an examination of the properties of arc-sprayed aluminum on alloyed armor-grade steel. Thermal arc spraying was conducted with a EuTronic Arc Spray 4 wire arc sprayer. Aluminum wire 1.6 mm in diameter was used to produce dense, abrasion- and erosion-resistant coatings approx. 1.0 mm thick with and without nickel/5% aluminum-buffered subcoating. Aluminum coatings were characterized in accordance with ASTM G 65-00 abrasion resistance test, ASTM G 76-95 erosion resistance tests, ASTM C 633-01 adhesion strength, HV0.1 hardness tests and metallographic analyses. Results demonstrate properties of arc-sprayed aluminum and aluminum-nickel material coatings that are especially promising in industrial applications where erosion-, abrasion- and corrosion-resistant coating properties are required.
Assessment of Chitosan-Based Hydrogel and Photodynamic Inactivation against Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Frade Maria , De Annunzio Sarah , Calixto Giovana , Victorelli Francesca , Chorilli Marlus , Fontana Carla
Published: February 2018

Chitosan (CH) is a biopolymer that exhibits a number of interesting properties such as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity and is also a promising platform for the incorporation of photosensitizing agents. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial activity of chitosan hydrogel formulation alone and in combination with the methylene blue (MB) associated with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against planktonic and biofilm phase of Propionibacterium acnes. Suspensions were sensitized with 12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0 μg/mL of MB for 10 min and biofilms to 75, 100 and 150 μg/mL for 30 min then exposed to red light (660 nm) at 90 J/cm2 and 150 J/cm2 respectively. After treatments, survival fractions were calculated by counting the number of colony-forming units. The lethal effect of aPDT associated with CH hydrogel in planktonic phase was achieved with 12.5 µg/mL MB and 1.9 log10 biofilm reduction using 75 µg/mL MB. Rheological studies showed that formulations exhibited pseudoplastic non-Newtonian behavior without thixotropy. Bioadhesion test evidenced that the formulations are highly adhesive to skin and the incorporation of MB did not influence the bioadhesive force of the formulations.
The Evolving Role of Multivitamin/Multimineral Supplement Use among Adults in the Age of Personalized Nutrition
Authors: Blumberg Jeffrey , Bailey Regan , Sesso Howard , Ulrich Cornelia
Published: February 2018

Micronutrient deficiencies occur in segments of the adult population in the United States. Multivitamin/multimineral supplements (MVMS) are widely used by this population, which reduces inadequacies in micronutrient intake, but the potential for exceeding tolerable upper intake levels in others should be considered. There are concerns associated with the excessive intake of certain nutrients, particularly folic acid, and potential untoward consequences. The advent of nutrigenomics and the enhanced ability to directly study the interactions between nutrition and genetic variants and expression will allow for the conduct of more targeted studies with specific endpoints and may ultimately lead to progress in the field of personalized nutrition. The role of MVMS in health maintenance and chronic disease prevention remains controversial. Conducting studies in this area has been hampered by, among other factors, inconsistent definitions of MVMS, ranging from as few as three vitamins to broad-spectrum products containing more than two dozen vitamins and minerals. Results from some observational studies and large-scale, randomized, controlled trials suggest that MVMS may reduce the risk of some forms of cancer and, potentially, cardiovascular disease. The ongoing COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study (COSMOS) is expected to build on this research and provide additional insights into these areas.
A 3D Stable Metal–Organic Framework for Highly Efficient Adsorption and Removal of Drug Contaminants from Water
Authors: Luo Zhidong , Fan Shuran , Liu Jianqiang , Liu Weicong , Shen Xin , Wu Chuangpeng , Huang Yijia , Huang Gaoxiang , Huang Hui , Zheng Mingbin
Published: February 2018

We herein selected a 3D metal–organic framework decorated with carboxylate groups as an adsorbent to remove the pharmaceutical molecules of diclofenac sodium and chlorpromazine hydrochloride from water. The experiment aimed at exploring the effect factors of initial concentration, equilibrium time, temperature, pH and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption process. The adsorption uptake rate of the diclofenac sodium is much higher than that of the chlorpromazine hydrochloride. This paper presents the high adsorption capacity of diclofenac sodium, in which porous MOFs are used for the removal of drug contaminants from water. According to linear fitting with adsorption isotherm equation and kinetic equations, diclofenac sodium conforms to the Langmuir model and pseudo-first-order kinetic equation, while chlorpromazine hydrochloride accords with the Temkin model and pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The results of the study indicate that the title compound could be a promising hybrid material for removing diclofenac sodium and chlorpromazine hydrochloride from wastewater.
α-Cyclodextrin and α-Cyclodextrin Polymers as Oxygen Nanocarriers to Limit Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury: Implications from an In Vitro Model
Authors: Femminò Saveria , Penna Claudia , Bessone Federica , Caldera Fabrizio , Dhakar Nilesh , Cau Daniele , Pagliaro Pasquale , Cavalli Roberta , Trotta Francesco
Published: February 2018

The incidence of heart failure (HF) is increasing worldwide and myocardial infarction (MI), which follows ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), is often at the basis of HF development. Nanocarriers are interesting particles for their potential application in cardiovascular disease. Impaired drug delivery in ischemic disease is challenging. Cyclodextrin nanosponges (NS) can be considered innovative tools for improving oxygen delivery in a controlled manner. This study has developed new α-cyclodextrin-based formulations as oxygen nanocarriers such as native α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), branched α-cyclodextrin polymer (α-CD POLY), and α-cyclodextrin nanosponges (α-CD NS). The three different α-CD-based formulations were tested at 0.2, 2, and 20 µg/mL to ascertain their capability to reduce cell mortality during hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro protocols. H9c2, a cardiomyoblast cell line, was exposed to normoxia (20% oxygen) or hypoxia (5% CO2 and 95% N2). The different formulations, applied before hypoxia, induced a significant reduction in cell mortality (in a range of 15% to 30%) when compared to samples devoid of oxygen. Moreover, their application at the beginning of reoxygenation induced a considerable reduction in cell death (12% to 20%). α-CD NS showed a marked efficacy in controlled oxygenation, which suggests an interesting potential for future medical application of polymer systems for MI treatment.
Assessing the Accuracy of Automatically Extracted Shorelines on Microtidal Beaches from Landsat 7, Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 Imagery
Authors: Pardo-Pascual Josep , Sánchez-García Elena , Almonacid-Caballer Jaime , Palomar-Vázquez Jesús , Priego de los Santos Enrique , Fernández-Sarría Alfonso , Balaguer-Beser Ángel
Published: February 2018

This paper evaluates the accuracy of shoreline positions obtained from the infrared (IR) bands of Landsat 7, Landsat 8, and Sentinel-2 imagery on natural beaches. A workflow for sub-pixel shoreline extraction, already tested on seawalls, is used. The present work analyzes the behavior of that workflow and resultant shorelines on a micro-tidal (<20 cm) sandy beach and makes a comparison with other more accurate sets of shorelines. These other sets were obtained using differential GNSS surveys and terrestrial photogrammetry techniques through the C-Pro monitoring system. 21 sub-pixel shorelines and their respective high-precision lines served for the evaluation. The results prove that NIR bands can easily confuse the shoreline with whitewater, whereas SWIR bands are more reliable in this respect. Moreover, it verifies that shorelines obtained from bands 11 and 12 of Sentinel-2 are very similar to those obtained with bands 6 and 7 of Landsat 8 (−0.75 ± 2.5 m; negative sign indicates landward bias). The variability of the brightness in the terrestrial zone influences shoreline detection: brighter zones cause a small landward bias. A relation between the swell and shoreline accuracy is found, mainly identified in images obtained from Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2. On natural beaches, the mean shoreline error varies with the type of image used. After analyzing the whole set of shorelines detected from Landsat 7, we conclude that the mean horizontal error is 4.63 m (±6.55 m) and 5.50 m (±4.86 m), respectively, for high and low gain images. For the Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 shorelines, the mean error reaches 3.06 m (±5.79 m).
A computer model designed to evaluate the firefighting effectiveness of solid jet produced by water nozzle
Authors: GAŁAJ Jerzy , DRZYMAŁA Tomasz , ŠUKYS Ritoldas , TOFIŁO Piotr
Published: February 2018

The paper begins with a brief introduction and review of international research in the area of water jet streams and their effectiveness in firefighting. Then a general concept of a new numerical model for firefighting process using solid jet produced by water nozzle is presented. The provided description of the model includes main assumptions for extinguishing process and a set of relationships representing a mathematical model. The paper also includes block diagrams of the main program algorithms and procedures designed to determine the value of the surface and sprinkling intensity depending on the input data like nozzle dimensions, position etc. Input parameters which are necessary for the calculation are discussed, together with a general concept of the users input and output interfaces and simulation tests that can be performed using the developed model. Some selected simulation tests in tabular and graphical forms are included. Summary and general conclusions can be found at the end.
New data on the longhorn beetles of Mongolia with particular emphasis on the genus Eodorcadion Breuning, 1947 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: Karpiński Lech , Szczepański Wojciech T. , Boldgiv Bazartseren , Walczak Marcin
Published: February 2018

New data on the distribution, biology, and ecology of the longhorn beetles occurring in Mongolia are presented together with a list of 35 species that were collected during a one-month entomological expedition in August 2015. New localities of some rare taxa endemic to Mongolia, such as Eodorcadion dorcas dorcas (Jakovlev, 1901), E. humerale impluviatum (Faldermann, 1833), and E. intermedium intermedium (Jakovlev, 1889) are given. High-quality photographs of several rather unique species, i.e., Pachytodes longipes (Gebler, 1832), Eodorcadion maurum australe Danilevsky, 2014, E. oryx (Jakovlev, 1895), Monochamus impluviatus impluviatus (Motschulsky, 1859), and M. sutor longulus (Pic, 1898) along with images of their habitats or feeding grounds are also presented. Furthermore, the ecological role of the fireweed Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. in the case of boreal anthophilous cerambycid species is highlighted for the first time.
Après les nombres, après les idées : le statut des grandeurs au sein du platonisme
Authors: Winzenrieth Justin
Published: February 2018

Aristote mentionne à plusieurs reprises au cours de sa Métaphysique une doctrine platonicienne des grandeurs, qui s’inscrit dans la continuité directe de la célèbre instauration des nombres idéaux. Les interprétations les plus couramment retenues, celles de Léon Robin et de W. D. Ross, y voient l’avènement parallèle de « grandeurs idéales », lesquelles seraient à la géométrie ce que les nombres idéaux sont à l’arithmétique. Or Platon, loin de vouloir idéaliser le domaine des grandeurs au même titre que celui des nombres, soutient régulièrement la primauté essentielle de l’arithmétique par rapport à la géométrie, thèse dont l’importance se trouve confirmée par l’analyse des polémiques au sein de l’Académie qu’Aristote rapporte et auxquelles il lui arrive de prendre part. On se propose donc d’esquisser les grandes lignes d’une interprétation du statut des grandeurs en tant qu’entités « après les nombres » au sein de l’ontologie du dernier platonisme, en se fondant sur les renouvellements que la considération de l’histoire des mathématiques a pu apporter à la compréhension des dialogues de Platon.
1978-1985 : L’échec d’un projet collectif d’« Histoire du cinéma »
Authors: Gubern Román
Published: February 2018

Entre 1978 et 1985 à l'initiative de la Cinémathèque de Sofia en Bulgarie et sous la direction de Guido Aristarco, le projet d'une histoire internationale du cinéma collective en 20 volumes et en 3 langues voit le jour avec l'appui de l'Unesco. Les rencontres préparatoires se multiplient et des équipes nationales se constituent, des principes méthodologiques sont discutés. Pourtant après quelques années le projet se délite à la fois parce qu'aucune équipe nationale n'a avancé significativement et que la maison d'édition bulgare hésite à s'engager dans une entreprise d'une telle envergure. Avec le retrait de l'aide de l'Unesco, le projet est abandonné. Roman Gubern qui faisait partie du comité de direction de ce projet en évoque les étapes, en pointe les faiblesses et porte à la connaissance des lecteurs des pièces d'archives.
« Trouvailles fortuites au lieu de vaines recherches : Emprunts et affinités méthodologiques pour une anarchéologie de la vision et de l'audition technicisées »
Authors: Zielinski Siegfried
Published: February 2018

Reprenant le terme « anarchéologie » de Rudi Visker, l'auteur revendique, dans ce chapitre de son livre, Archäologie der Medien : Zur Tiefenzeit des technischen Hörens und Sehens, une méthode fondée sur l'imagination, l'écoute, et l'art de combiner les dispositifs techniques, qui privilégie la diversité de leurs possibles plutôt que leur réalité de produits. Méthode qui n'a cependant absolument rien de l'errance ou de la flânerie sans but : à travers des « moments » clés de la pensée scientifique et technique comme de la pensée philosophique – d'Empédocle à Joseph Mazzolari, de Gotthilf Heinrich von Schubert à Athanasius Kircher et Edouard Glissant –, cette anarchéologie plaide pour une conception des médias ouverte où les projections imaginaires d'il y a 2000 ou 400 ans nous aident à comprendre le paysage médiatique actuel. Pour l'auteur notre relation aux médias est similaire à la relation de l'endophysicien Roessler avec la conscience : nous y nageons comme les poissons dans l'océan, ils nous sont essentiels et, pour cela, inaccessibles. On ne peut qu'y opérer des coupes afin d'y gagner un accès opératoire, qui sont autant de constructions : des interfaces, des dispositifs, des programmes, des systèmes techniques, des réseaux, et des formes médiatiques de réalisation et d'expression, comme le film, la vidéo, les installations machiniques, les livres ou les sites internet.
Comment le cinéma sonorise l'Antiquité ? Évolution et statisme de la musique des péplums
Authors: Vincent Delphine
Published: February 2018

Qu'en est-il de la musique dans les films situés dans l'Antiquité, les péplums ? Comment reconstitue-t-on une musique dont on sait peu de choses, faute de sources ? Peut-on dégager des clichés musicaux ? Existe-t-il une longue durée de la représentation musicale de l'Antiquité au cinéma ? La difficulté à reconstruire la musique antique a peut-être favorisé le rôle culturel et politique du péplum dont l'historicité n'est que relative, le film historique servant souvent de prétexte à commenter l'actualité. Si la musique des peplums s'est modifiée au cours de l'évolution du genre, elle n'a pas pour autant contribué à en renverser le propos politico-idéologique sous-jacents : ses codes caractérisent toujours l'intrigue du point de vue géographique et non historique. Les choix musicaux laissent présager que l'on est pas encore prêt pour être simplement à l'écoute de l'« autre ».