bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatores de risco para óbito por COVID-19 no Acre, 2020: coorte retrospectiva
Authors: Prado Patrícia Rezende do , Gimenes Fernanda Raphael Escobar , Lima Marcos Venicius Malveira de , Prado Virgilio Batista do , Soares Carolina Pontes , Amaral Thatiana Lameira Maciel
Published: July 2021

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar fatores de risco para óbito em indivíduos com síndrome respiratória aguda grave por COVID-19. Métodos: Coorte retrospectiva, constituída de indivíduos adultos com COVID-19, de março a setembro de 2020, notificados pelo sistema de vigilância epidemiológica do estado do Acre, Brasil. Empregou-se regressão de Cox. Resultados: Entre 57.700 indivíduos analisados, a incidência foi de 2.765,4/100 mil habitantes, e a mortalidade, de 61,8/100 mil hab. Os fatores de risco para o óbito foram ser do sexo masculino (HR=1,48 - IC95% 1,25;1,76), ter idade ≥60 anos (HR=10,64 - IC95% 8,84;12,81), sintoma de dispneia (HR=4,20 - IC95% 3,44;5,12) e apresentar multimorbidade (HR=2,23 - IC95% 1,77;2,81), com destaque para cardiopatas e diabetes mellitus. Os sintomas ‘dor de garganta’ e ‘cefaleia’ estavam presentes nos casos leves da doença. Conclusão: Ser homem, idoso, apresentar cardiopatia, diabetes mellitus e dispneia foram características associadas ao óbito pela COVID-19.
Predictive model for water retention curve of water-absorbing polymer amended soil
Authors: Saha A. , Sekharan S. , Manna U.
Published: July 2021

Water-absorbing polymer (WAP) amendment is emerging as a sustainable soil management technique in various geoenvironmental projects for controlling the subsurface water flow in the vadose zone. The addition of WAP can alter the pore structure and improve water-retention characteristics of the soil. The existing water-retention characteristic curve (WRCC) models for polymer-amended soils are complex and require a number of empirical parameters, which cannot be easily obtained through simple laboratory experimentation. The current study proposes a simple predictive WRCC model for WAP-amended soils based on the understanding that WAP particles absorb and retain water within their polymer structure and therefore influence the void ratio. The proposed model captures the change in the void ratio of the amended soil through a modified phase relationship for predicting WRCC. The performance of the model was validated for four different textured soils with varying WAP concentrations. The comparison between measured and predicted WRCC indicates that the proposed model can capture the changes in the void ratio as well as the WRCC with adequate accuracy.
“İki Dilli Çocuklar için Türkçe Değerlendirme Aracı (İÇ-TDA)”nın Geliştirilmesi ve Geçerlik-Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: TEMEL Fulya , GENÇ Hilal , AKPINAR Ümmühan , İNCİ Mehmet Akif , KARAKUŞ ÖZDEMİR Ebru , BALCI Aslı , ERTÖR Eren , KAYA Gülçin , AKTEMUR GÜRLER Serap , KURUPINAR Abdulhamit , ERTÜRK Zafer
Published: July 2021

Araştırmada, 12-72 aylık iki dilli çocukların dil gelişiminin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla "İki Dilli Çocuklar için Türkçe Değerlendirme Aracı"nın geliştirilmesi ve geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışmasının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle Türkiye’de iki dilli çocukların yoğun olduğu Ağrı, Hakkâri, Kars, Erzurum, Adıyaman, Ankara, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep, Mersin, İstanbul ve Van illerinde yaşayan 12-72 aylık iki dilli 772 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “İki Dilli Çocuklar için Türkçe Değerlendirme Aracı” ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre “İki Dilli Çocuklar için Türkçe Değerlendirme Aracı”nın geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu söylenebilir. Bu doğrultuda geliştirilen değerlendirme aracının Türkiye’de yaşayan 12-72 aylık iki dilli çocukların Türkçe dil gelişim düzeylerini belirleyerek bu çocuklara yönelik uygun eğitim programlarının hazırlanmasına ve çocukların dil gelişimindeki farklılıkları ve dil edinim sürecini anlamaya yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
İlkokul 4. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabında Yer Alan Yazma Etkinliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KASA AYTEN Başak , ERCAN Murat
Published: July 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilkokul 4. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki yazma etkinliklerini incelemektir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiş ve doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ölçüt örnekleme yoluyla Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından onaylı bir 4. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabı seçilmiş ve seçilen bu kitapta yer alan yazma etkinlikleri betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Ders kitaplarındaki etkinliklerin analizi sonucu “Kazanımlar”, “Süreç Temelli Yazma” ve “Metin Türüyle İlişkilendirilemeyen Etkinlikler” olmak üzere 3 tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Oluşturulan temalar ve alt temalar verilen örneklerle desteklenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda ilkokul 4. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki etkinliklerde bazı yazma kazanımlarına hiç değinilmediği, bütün aşamalar söz konusu olmasa da süreç temelli yazmaya ilişkin özellikle düzeltme ve yayınlama aşamalarına ilişkin etkinliklerin yer aldığı, bazı etkinliklerde metin türüne dair bir bilgilendirmenin yapılmadığı görülmüştür.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Okuryazar Pratiklerinin Sosyal Bağlamda İncelenmesi
Authors: TAVŞANLI Ömer Faruk
Published: July 2021

Bireylerin okuryazarlıkları sosyal bir bağlam içerisinde doğar, gelişir ve kendi okuryazar kimliğini oluşturur. Bu okuryazar kimliğin ise günlük yaşama yansımaları olur. Bu durum öğretmenler için daha önemlidir. Çünkü öğretmenler okuryazarlıklarını sınıf içinde kullanır ve bu durum öğrencilerin okuryazarlıkları ve akademik başarıları başta olmak üzere pek çok becerinin gelişimini etkiler. Bu sebeple öğretmenlerin ve öğretmen adaylarının okuryazarlıklarının sosyal bağlamda incelenmesi gerekli görülmektedir. Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının okuryazar pratiklerinin sosyal bağlamda incelenmesini amaçlayan bu araştırma fenomenolojik bir araştırmadır. Araştırmada veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler, yansıtmacı yazılar ve okuryazarlığı günlük yaşantılarında kullandıklarına yönelik örnek deliller aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniğiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının okuryazar pratiklerini günlük yaşamda kullanmaları beş farklı şekilde gerçekleşmektedir. Bunlar; akademik, dijital platformlar, günlük pratikler, psikolojik ve sosyal etkileşim.
Factores personales, médicos y socio familiares relacionados al tipo de afrontamiento del estrés por enfermedad en pacientes adultos de oncología de un hospital nacional en Lima
Authors: Mamani Quea Mishell , Querevalú Nabarro Fernando
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el afrontamiento al estrés con las variables sexo, edad, estadocivil, grado de instrucción, diagnóstico clínico, estadio clínico, tipo de tratamiento y apoyo social enpacientes adultos del servicio de oncología de un hospital nacional de Lima. Metodología: De enfoquecuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y de tipo correlacional, porque se buscórelacionar las variables de estudio; el muestreo fue consecutivo no probabilístico, conformado por100 pacientes adultos del servicio de oncología de las áreas de hospitalización y consultoría externa,de un promedio de edad de 18- 80 años; en el cual, toda la población de estudio fue elegida ya quecumplía con los requisitos de la investigación. Asimismo, se utilizó el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento alestrés en pacientes oncológicos – CAEPO de González (2004) y la escala de Apoyo Social Familiar yAmigos – AFA-R de Landero y Gonzáles (2008) para la encuesta. Resultados: Se encontró que entreafrontamiento ante el estrés y grado de instrucción existe asociación significativa de (X²=15,274;<.01);al igual que apoyo social (X2=22.182<.000); a diferencia de las otras variables donde no existeasociación significativa con afrontamiento al estrés. Conclusión: El afrontamiento ante el estrés serelaciona significativamente con grado de instrucción y apoyo social, a diferencia de las variablessexo, edad, estado civil, diagnóstico clínico, estadio clínico y tipo de tratamiento que no se relacionansignificativamente con afrontamiento al estrés en pacientes adultos de oncología.
Erscheinungsformen von Fremdsprachen in den Kindergärten heute in Ungarn
Authors: Pásztor Enikő
Published: July 2021

Kinder der heutigen Zeit kommen in einem Zeitalter zur Welt, in dem der Erwerb von Fremdsprachen, die Zwei- oder Mehrsprachigkeit immer größere Bedeutung gewinnt. In dem vielfältigen Europa starten alle Einsprachigen mit einem bedeutenden Nachteil. In der Zeit der Globalisierung und der Freizügigkeit in den Staaten der Europäischen Union stellt die Wichtigkeit der Mehrsprachigkeit für die einzelnen Gesellschaften niemand mehr in Frage. Fremdsprachenkenntnisse eröffnen uns ganz neue Möglichkeiten. Den politischen, wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Änderungen in dem letzten Vierteljahrhundert zufolge vollzog sich auf dem Gebiet der frühkindlichen Entwicklung ein riesengroßer Wandel. Heute wird es in Ungarn in zahlreichen Kindergärten die Möglichkeit zum Fremdsprachenerwerb gesihert. In meiner Studie gebe ich die Erscheinungsformen von Fremdsprachen in den ungarischen Kindergärten bekannt, dabei gilt mein besonderes Augenmerk der frühkindlichen Erziehung bei den Nationalitäten, aber natürlich gehe ich auch auf die sonstigen Lösungsansätze für Kindergärten ein, wie man Fremdsprachen in dem Kindergarten-Alter einführen kann.
Viral sequence identification SOP with VirSorter2 v3
Authors: Guo Jiarong , Vik Dean , Adjie Pratama Akbar , Roux Simon , Sullivan Matthew
Published: July 2021

This protocol shows how to use VirSorter2, checkV, DRAMv and some manual curation criteria for viral sequence identification.
Identification of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs and pathways in liver tissues from rats with hepatic fibrosis v1
Authors: Xiao Xiong , Wang Yan , Wang Xiaozhong
Published: July 2021

To identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their potential roles in hepatic fibrosis in rat liver issues induced by CCl4, lncRNAs and genes were analyzed in fibrotic rat liver tissues by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Low-Pass WGS Sequencing Library Preparation v1
Authors: T Boniface Christopher
Published: July 2021

Simple protocol for generating WGS libraries using KAPA HyperPrep library preparation reagents.
Desarrollo de una carne de hamburguesa de pechuga de pollo con adición de fibra y reducción de grasa
Authors: Gómez-Muriel Luz Adriana , Benítez-Sepúlveda Estefanía , Velásquez-Henao Andrea , Jaramillo-Yepes Faiber
Published: July 2021

Antecedentes: la asociación del alto consumo de carnes rojas procesadas con el cáncer colorrectal hace que los consumidores empiecen a demandar productos cárnicos con un perfil nutricional mejorado. Objetivo: diseñar una carne de hamburguesa comercializable, a base de pechuga de pollo, fuente de fibra y baja en grasa con buena aceptación por los consumidores. Materiales y métodos: con base en una formulación estándar de hamburguesa, se hicieron tres formulaciones con adición de fibra como reemplazante de grasa: F1 contenía fibra de cidra (Sechium edule); F2, de zanahoria (Daucus carota); y F3, de inulina. Se calculó la composición nutricional teórica y se realizó una prueba de aceptación por consumidores con una escala de nueve puntos. Resultados: la formulación más aceptada y con mayor contenido de fibra fue la que contenía inulina, con un puntaje de 7,7±1,4 y diferencias significativas, según la prueba T3 de Dunett, con las formulaciones F2 (p=0,001) y F1 (p=0,000), cuyos promedios de aceptación fueron similares: 6,0±2,5 puntos para F2 y 5,9±2,2 para F1 (p=0,931). Las formulaciones con fibra contenían menos grasa y calorías que la formulación control. Conclusión: es posible lograr derivados cárnicos con reducción del contenido de grasa y aporte de fibra sensorialmente aceptados.
Factores maternos asociados al peso del recién nacido en una IPS de Medellín, Colombia, 2018
Authors: Melo Bastidas Lady Johana , Guerrero portilla Maria paula , Gómez Mercado Carlos Alberto , Quirós Gómez Oscar Iván
Published: July 2021

Antecedentes:  la variabilidad en el peso del recién nacido ya sea como bajo peso o macrosomía, puede ocasionar morbimortalidad infantil y materna, además de ser un predictor del estado de salud a lo largo de la vida. Objetivo: determinar factores sociodemográficos, antecedentes patológicos, exposición a sustancias psicoactivas, actividad física y características alimentarias de la madre relacionados con el peso de los recién nacidos atendidos en una IPS, Medellín 2018. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte con información de madres seguidas hasta el nacimiento de los bebés. Resultados: la edad promedio de las maternas fue de 24±6 años, el peso promedio del recién nacido fue 3150 g. Embarazo previo, consumo de lácteos y derivados, consumo de proteínas y de suplementos dietarios fueron factores presentes en madres de recién nacidos con mayor peso. Haber fumado alguna vez en la vida, antecedente de preeclampsia, parto previo, aborto en el último embarazo y consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados se presentaron en madres de recién nacidos con menor peso. Conclusiones: se recomienda a las gestantes limitar el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados, supervisar el consumo de lácteos y derivados, proteínas y suplementos dietarios en madres con embarazos previos, antecedente de preclamsia, abortos o hábitos como haber fumado.
Artificial Intelligence and Platform Law for the Development of the Digital Agricultural Complex of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kashkin S. Yu. , Altukhov A. V.
Published: July 2021

Today, many processes are being digitalized in the world: production, technological, social, legal, economic, food, and this is not a fashionable trend, but a vital necessity. The state policy of Russia is also aimed at large-scale digitalization of various industries. Agricultural complex is of great importance for ensuring sovereignty, national security and supplying the population with necessary products. According to economists, the introduction of platform and other innovative technologies will have an extremely positive impact on the economy of our state; will increase the export potential, which will eventually enhance the country’s prestige in the world. However, lawyers rightly point out that the introduction of innovative technologies requires adequate innovation legislation. The paper deals with the problems of legal regulation of digitalization of the Russian agricultural complex based on artificial intelligence and the need to introduce elements of modern “platform law” into it. The possibilities and importance of digitalization are shown, the expediency of creating an appropriate legal platform is indicated. Definitions and explanations of the functioning of platforms and platform law are given. Approaches to digitalization in the European Union and the Russian Federation are considered. It is noted that an important mechanism for the functioning of the platform, including for the agricultural sector, is the standardization of mechanisms and norms of interaction from a technical and legal point of view. It is concluded that when training specialists of agricultural enterprises, it is important to include the study of the legal component, which will effectively use the emerging elements of complex legal platforms necessary for the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex.
La Junta de Damas y las Escuelas Femeninas de Formación Profesional (1787-1811)
Authors: Menéndez Vázquez Josefina
Published: July 2021

ResumenEn 1787, Cuando los socios de la Matritense, apagados los ecos de la polémica que se había generado con motivo de la admisión de las mujeres, todavía se cuestionaban la capacidad de éstas para cometidos serios y de responsabilidad, la Junta de Damas acepta la regencia de las cuatro Escuelas Patrióticas para niñas, verdaderas escuelas de Formación Profesional en el campo de las hilaturas artesanas, y en las que la Junta, como asociación femenina, desarrollará una significativa labor educativa.Al hacerse cargo de estas escuelas la Junta de Damas, en la Matritense, a causa de la falta de medios, se estaba dirimiendo su cierre. La acertada gestión económica de las Damas no sólo consigue remontar el déficit inicial, sino que logra el superávit requerido para que las escuelas puedan autofinanciarse cuando no se reciban las subvenciones asignadas a su debido tiempo. Posteriormente, se amplía la oferta educativa al asumir, la Junta, la dirección de las cinco escuelas populares de nueva creación, que vendrán a incrementar la contribución de estas escuelas al fomento de la industria artesanal textil. El ideario ilustrado perseguía el objetivo de liberar a las mujeres del estado llano de caer en la mendicidad o en la prostitución, con la enseñanza de un oficio artesanal; las Damas fueron más allá de las expectativas ilustradas y se ocuparon, además, de darles una formación integral, incorporando al programa educativo el aprendizaje de las primeras letras. De esta manera, crearon un modelo escolar femenino paralelo al reglamentado por la Corona, en el que no se exigía el aprendizaje de la lectura y de la escritura, y que limitaba el currículo a las labores mujeriles y doctrina cristiana.Palabras claveSOCIEDAD ECONÓMICA MATRITENSE. JUNTA DE DAMAS. EDUCACIÓN.
José CHECA BELTRÁN, «Pensamiento literario del siglo XVIII español. Antología comentada». Madrid, CSIC, 2004 (Anejos de Revista de Literatura, 63).
Authors: Lorenzo Álvarez Elena de
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
En los inicios de la comedia neoclásica: «La aya», de María Rita de Barrenechea (1750-1795). Estudio y edición
Authors: García Garrosa María Jesús
Published: July 2021

Resumen Se ofrece en este artículo la edición «La Aya», comedia en prosa en un acto de María Rita de Barrenechea, condesa del Carpio (1750-1795). El texto, compuesto probablemente en los primeros años de la década de 1780, parece que no llegó a editarse, y se consideraba perdido, pero se conserva copia manuscrita en la Biblioteca Nacional. La edición anotada de ese manuscrito va precedida de un estudio que justifica la atribución de dicho texto a la autora, para centrarse luego en su análisis. «La Aya» debe situarse dentro de las coordenadas ideológicas y estéticas de la comedia neoclásica, por su respeto de la regla de las unidades, el reducido número de sus personajes, la sencillez de la trama y la utilización de la prosa. La comedia plantea el tema de la educación de las hijas y el del matrimonio, ambos ejes centrales de la dramaturgia neoclásica, y en especial de las comedias de Tomás de Iriarte y Leandro Moratín. Por ello, el análisis del texto que se ofrece y las notas a su edición quieren resaltar la cercanía temática, ideológica y estética de «La Aya» con las comedias de estos dos autores, al tiempo que tienden a situar el teatro de la condesa del Carpio en el contexto intelectual de otras mujeres que manifestaron en sus escritos idénticas inquietudes por los temas relacionados con la educación de las mujeres. En ambos casos, y dada la probable fecha de composición de la comedia, este texto ahora recuperado y de cualidades literarias dignas de estima, nos muestra la creación de una escritora pionera en la historia de la comedia neoclásica y de la literatura ilustrada femenina. Palabras clave: MARÍA RITA DE BARRENECHEA. COMEDIA. LA AYA.
La biblioteca de un ilustrado canario: don Francisco de Lugo-Viña y Molina (1752-1809)
Authors: Lorenzo Tena Antonio
Published: July 2021

Resumen La Ilustración fue un importante movimiento capaz de aglutinar diferentes corrientes ideológicas a través de la naturaleza, la razón, el empirismo y los métodos científicos. El objetivo era el progreso individual y social del hombre en una nueva escena compatible con la Iglesia y la fe. Uno de los aspectos más interesantes de esa época era la expansión del brillante mundo de las bibliotecas, el mejor vehículo transmisor de las nuevas ideas. El objeto de este artículo es analizar la colección particular de libros de don Francisco de Lugo-Viña y Molina, buen ejemplo de biblioteca ilustrada en los últimos años del siglo XVIII. Comenzamos el trabajo con algunos aspectos biográficos, poniendo especial énfasis sobre su entorno familiar en relación a la cultura y el mundo de los negocios. Finalmente aportamos una descripción bibliográfica haciendo mención de los temas favoritos del propietario: la Ilustración y las Sociedades Económicas. Palabras clave: FRANCISCO DE LUGO-VIÑA. BIBLIOTECAS. ISLAS CANARIAS.
Nigel Glendinning (East Sheen, 16-IX-1929-Londres, 23-II-2013), in memoriam
Authors: Lorenzo Álvarez Elena de
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
José CHECA BELTRÁN (ed.), «Lecturas del legado español en la Europa ilustrada», Madrid-Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana-Vervuert, 2012.
Authors: San José Vázquez Eduardo
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Virginia GIL AMATE, «Sueños de unidad hispánica en el siglo XVIII. Un estudio de “Tardes americanas” de José Joaquín Granados y Gálvez», Alicante, Universidad (Cuadernos de América sin nombre, 30), 2012, 284 págs.
Authors: Rovira José Carlos
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
El error moral en el teatro de Leandro Fernández de Moratín
Authors: Albiac Blanco María Dolores
Published: July 2021

Estudio de si El viejo y la niña puede considerarse drama y no comedia, en virtud del argumento, categoría de los personajes y desenlace; y análisis del alcance de la propuesta de la obra, a la luz de la moral y la ética ilustrada.PALABRAS CLAVEComedia, drama, moral, Leandro Fernández de Moratín, El viejo y la niña. Étude sur se El viejo y la niña peut être consideré comme un drame et non une comédie, en vertu de l’argument, catégorie des personnages et dénouement; et une analyse de la portée de la proposition de l’oeuvre, à la lumière de la morale et l’etique illustrée.MOTS-CLÉSComédie, drame, morale, Leandro Fernández de Moratín, El viejo y la niña.
María Dolores Mateos Dorado in memoriam
Authors: Ruiz de la Peña Solar Álvaro
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
José CHECA BELTRÁN, «Demonio y modelo. Dos visiones del legado español en la Francia ilustrada», Madrid, Casa de Velázquez, 2014, 191 págs.
Authors: Olay Valdés Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Fernando DURÁN LÓPEZ, «Juicio y chirinola de los astros. Panorama literario de los almanaques y pronósticos astrológicos españoles (1700-1767)». Gijón, Ediciones Trea, 2015.
Authors: Sánchez Jiménez Antonio
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Organization of primary medical care for patients with osteoporosis
Authors: Gladkova Elena N.
Published: July 2021

The author revises the latest evidence in the literature regarding of organizing medical care for patients with osteoporosis in primary medical care. In the world, there is an increase in the group of older people (60 years and older), therefore, the problem of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures becomes very urgent. In Russia, the number of hip fractures will increase by 70% by 2050 compared to 2015. The article provides an overview of studies demonstrating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of population-based screening programs for the identification and subsequent treatment of patients at high risk of fractures, and discusses the issues of secondary prevention of fractures. With the active identification of patients at high risk of fractures and the initiation of antiosteoporotic therapy, a decrease in the incidence of osteoporotic fractures, including hip fractures, is expected.
Features of the development of PR for theThird Mission of Universities
Authors: Besedina Angelina
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the specifics of PR support for the "third mission" of the university. The paper considers the forms and methods of PR-support, outlines the prospects for the development of this direction of PR. Also, the generally accepted models of building public relations as basic for the implementation of PR-support for the activities of universities are also characterized. Highlighting internal (university staff, students, internal units) and external (with stakeholders at different levels) communications of modern universities, the importance of distinguishing external and internal PR tools for building communication is shown. Special emphasis is placed on characterizing the prospects for the development of PR support for the socially significant activity of universities, their involvement in the activities of communities of different levels.
"Man on the Tracks" by Andrzej Munk: Feature Film as a Symbol of the Polish Thaw
Authors: Zhigun Roman
Published: July 2021

At key point of Polish history – in 1956 – Andrzej Munk created feature film "Man on the Tracks", which, along with the "Channel" by Andrzej Wajda, became the starting point for the new movement in the cinema of People's Poland – the Polish Film School. "Man on the Tracks", based on the story "The Mystery of the Machinist Ozhekhovsky" by Jerzy Stefan Stawiński, was a landmark film, which, using the example of a story from the life of railway depot workers, managed to denounce Stalinism in the Polish art. It sweeps aside the idea of irreconcilable class struggle, ideas of accusation of the retrogrades and search for "pests", uncompromising division of characters into "progressives" and "revanchists."
Some problems of the activities the lawyer-defender in the process of proof in a criminal case.
Authors: Bobylev Sergei
Published: July 2021

In this article, some problems related to the activities of defense counsel in criminal proceedings are highlighted, in particular in the pre-trial stages of criminal proceedings. In addition, the question of whether the defending lawyer is the subject of proof is analyzed. Special attention should be paid to the problem related to lawyer requests.
Effect of biopreparations on the decomposition of plant residues of crops in typical chernozem
Authors: Masyutenko N. P. , Pankova T. I. , Kuznetsov A. V. , Masyutenko M. N. , Breskina G. M. , Chuyan N. A.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To identify the effect of biological preparations applied with or without nitrogen fertilizers for crop by-product, their incorporation into the soil on the decomposition of plant residues and composition of mobile humus substances in typical slightly eroded chernozem.

Materials and Methods. The study was carried out in the field experimental station of Kursk FARC in the cycles of cereal and cereal-row crop rotations in variants with by-product treated with biopreparations; with applied biopreparations + nitrogen fertilizers; with applied nitrogen fertilizers and without biopreparations. To study decomposition the content of unhumified organic matter was determined in the topsoil by the monolith method after by-product incorporation into the soil and 3045 days after their decomposition. Simultaneously the composition of mobile humus substances in the soil was determined.

Results. The decomposition of crop by-product and after harvesting and root residues mixed with it in the soil and treated with biopreparations or nitrogen mineral fertilizers was studied for the first time. The peculiarities of the effect of the factors studied on the degree of plant residue decomposition and the composition of mobile humus substances were shown.

Conclusion. It was determined that treating the by-product of barley, buckwheat and sunflower with bioproducts, both with applied nitrogen fertilizers and without them, contributed to the increase in the degree of plant residue decomposition as compared with the control and nitrogen mineral fertilizer application. In the years which are favourable according to hydrothermal conditions the improved quality of mobile humus substances of the soil influenced by biopreparations are noted and under extreme conditions the tendency to the improvement of their quality is observed.
An innovative method of Diaspis echinocacti Bouche control using DNA insecticide onOpuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, Crimea
Authors: Plugatar Yu. V. , Chichkanova E. S. , Yatskova E. V. , Sharmagii A. K. , Oberemok V. V.
Published: July 2021

Aim.Investigation of the effectiveness of a DNA insecticide with a high level of environmental friendliness on Diaspis echinocacti Bouche in the greenhouse of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Materials and Methods.The object of the study was the insect pest Diaspis echinocacti Bouche. The number of D. echinocacti larvae was identified on segments of Opuntia ficus-indica L. (Mill.) using a Nikon SMZ 745T microscope and computer microphotography. In the experiment, the effectiveness of the DNA insecticide "Cactus-NBG" on D. echinocacti was studied, the preparation "Tanrek VK", VRK, from the class of neonicotinoids being used as a standard insecticide.

Results.It was revealed that the treatment with the DNA insecticide "Cactus-NBG" against D. echinocacti larvae had a significant insecticidal effect. The biological effectiveness of the preparation was 82.0%. The mortality of larvae after treatment significantly increased in comparison with the control (p<0.05) and was measured at 43.2±5.0%, 53.2±2.3%, and 84.2±2.2% on the 3rd, 7th, and 14thday after treatment respectively.

Conclusion.As a result of treatment of O. ficus-indica against D. echinocacti with the contact DNA insecticide "Cactus-NBG", a significant insecticidal effect was found. On the 14thday after treatment, the mortality of D. echinocacti in "Cactus-NBG" was 84.2±2.2%, in the "Tanrek" group - 86.0±1.4% and in the control group treated with water -11.2±1.2%. The biological effectiveness of "Cactus-NBG" on the 14thday was 82.0%. Thus, the preparation "Cactus-NBG", based on the antisense fragment of the D. echinocacti genome, caused a significant mortality of the target insect pest and can compete with modern chemical preparations.
Features of the chromosome set of representatives of smoothnosed bats of the North Caucasus
Authors: Dzuyev R. I. , Khashkulova M. A. , Kanukova V. N. , Baragunova E. A. , Sabanova R. K. , Cheprakova А. A. , Dzagurov B. A. , Dzuyev A. R.
Published: July 2021

Aim. The aim of this work was to study the chromosome set of some representatives of smooth-nosed bats of the North Caucasus.

Material and Methods. Various research methods were used to achieve this goal, including that of dried preparations (the main method for obtaining chromosomal preparations) and that of constructing karyograms.

Results. A comparative analysis of the karyological data of 11 species of smooth-nosed bats of the North Caucasus was undertaken and the karyological characteristics of the species accepted in the latest reports on the fauna of Russia and the Caucasus were clarified. The similarity of G -bands in large pairs of meta- and submetacentric chromosomes in Myotis blythi, Myotis mystacinus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus kuhli and Vepertilio murinus with bands in small and medium-sized acrocentric chromosomes such as in Eptesicus seotinus may indicate the evolution of the karyotype of the first species by Robertsonian translocation, i.e. compounds of acrocentric chromosomes of Eptesicus serotinus in various combinations. When comparing karyotypes in the family Vespertilionidae, it was found that the karyotype of Eptesicus serotinus is "archaic" (2n=50, NFa=48). With the help of karyological data, the authors composed schemes of phylogenetic relationships of genera in the family Vespertilionidae, which differ to a certain extent from the schemes compiled by taxonomists for representatives of this family.

Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, we can conclude that the karyotype of Eptesicus serotinus is the most primitive among the representatives of the order of bats. The primary role in the evolution of this group was played by Robertsonian rearrangements and pericentric inversions (reduction of NFa and 2n from 50 to 38).
Number of ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms depending on technology of winter wheat cultivation on ordinary chernozem of the Central Caucasus
Authors: Menkina E. A. , Shapovalovа N. N. , Voropayeva A. A.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To study the influence of cultivation technology on the number of ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms and the yield of winter wheat on the common chernozem of the Central Caucasus.

Material and Methods. The number of microorganisms was determined by counting colonies on dense nutrient media according to generally accepted methods.

Results. The number of microorganisms that transform organic and mineral forms of nitrogen and soil yeast was determined, depending on meteorological conditions, soil cultivation and fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers had the most significant effect on the activity of the soil microbiota. In years of varying moisture availability, fertilizers improved the nutrient regime of the soil, which contributed to increased plant development, microflora activity and increased winter wheat yield. In both the technologies applied, the largest number of all groups of microorganisms studied was observed when applying a complete mineral fertilizer -N52P52K52 .This dose of fertilizer also provided the highest yield of winter wheat - 6.07-6.33 t/ha. With a balanced plant nutrition regime (N52P52K52), the processes of decomposition and mineralization of plant residues proceeded at the same rate in both technologies. At the same time, without the use of fertilizers, the total activity of microorganisms in the no-till technology exceeded the minimum technology by 23.4х105 columnforming units, which indicates the beginning of the process of self-healing of the soil in the third year after the transition to direct sowing of crops.

Conclusion. The number of microorganisms is one of the most sensitive indicators of the direction of complex biochemical processes, allowing us to assess the combined influence of all factors on the overall state of the soil microbiocenosis.
Electrification hypothesis of the absence of lice (Anoplura Leach, 1815) on bats (Chiroptera Blumenbach, 1779)
Authors: Shchelkanov E. M.
Published: July 2021

Aim of this work is to substantiate the hypothesis that the absence of lice in bats is associated with the electrification of the surface of their body during the flight.

Discussion. The paper analyzes the physical phenomenon of friction electrification, the triboelectric series of substances with special attention to the objects of atmospheric electricity, and the Cohen rule that relates the dielectric properties of a substance to its permittivity. The electrical properties of the atmosphere are described including the occurrence of a potential difference between the Earth's surface and the ionosphere and the mechanism of maintaining this potential as a result of charging the ground with negative electricity by thunderstorms. The results of experimental data on the formation of a positive electrostatic charge on the surface covers of insects and birds are presented. It is hypothesized that the hair and skin membranes of bats should also be positively electrified during flight. The reasons that prevent lice from living in electrified bat hair are described. It is proposed to explain the presence of developed sebaceous glands in bats as a way of discharging electrostatic charge before returning to the shelter and the bell structure of the hair cuticle as a device for retaining the secretion of sweat glands.

Conclusion. The absence of lice in bats is a direct consequence of their adaptation to active flight.
On the formation of the framework model of the Specially Protected Natural Areas system in the regions within the Ural-Siberian sector of the steppe and forest-steppe zones
Authors: Petrishchev V. P. , Shcherbakova E. А.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To analyze the regional systems of location of Specially Protected Natural Areas within the Ural-Siberian sector of Russia's steppe and forest-steppe zones.

Discussion. The territory of the study includes the following regions: Orenburg, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Tyumen, Omsk, and Novosibirsk Regions, the Republic of Bashkortostan and Altay Territory. Each of these areas has its particularities of SPNA location that are component of the ecological framework. Ecological frameworks on the regional and local levels are the models of stable land use and of biological diversity conservation. The determination of model systems of Specially Protected Natural Areas is necessary to reach a balance between a comfortable and favorable environment for the life of the population and the protection of unique natural heritage. The rational allocation of SPNAs promotes optimizing the territorial structure of nature management, the stable functioning of biological processes, and local development within regional natural borders.

Conclusion. It was ascertained that the SPNA allocation system of each examined region had its peculiarities connected with natural objects. Protected territories with federal, regional and local significance are located only in Chelyabinsk and Novosibirsk regions and Altay Territory. Also, positive dynamics in forming a new SPNA are observed in the Chelyabinsk and Tyumen regions and Altay Territory (data for 2019-2020). An excellent balance and development of the protected territories system are seen within the Ural-Siberian regions. The location of the SPNA system within the foothill regions of the Ural-Siberian sector (Altay Territory and Cheleyabinsk region) is the closest to the classical etalon of the ecological framework's formation.
A Note to Authors Regarding Submissions about Possible Food Safety Aspects of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: . .
Published: July 2021

The article abstract is not available,
The Effectiveness of Buckroyd’s Group-Based Therapeutic Approach on Increasing Efficiency Life Style and Improving Body Self-Image
Authors: Hosseini Fariba , Gorgi Yousef , Javadzadeh Afsaneh
Published: July 2021

Background: Group teaching can create empathy in teaching sessions. Therefore the objective of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of team teaching based on Buckroyd’s Method on lifestyle, self-efficacy and body image structure of the women with obesity in the city of Isfahan.
Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all people with obesity referring to clinics in the city of Isfahan from whom 30 women with obesity were selected through purposive sampling from Sepahan Health clinic in 2014 and then they were put into two groups of fifteen (experimental and control). A therapeutic intervention based on Buckroyd Method was administered on the experimental group during 16 two-hour sessions twice a week. The measurement instruments in this study were BMI scale, demographic information form, life style self-efficacy questionnaire and body image questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measures variance) were used to test the hypotheses using SPSS software (version 23) at 0.05 level of error.
Results: The results showed that team teaching based on Buckroyd Method has been effective on the increase of life style self-efficacy (p < 0.001) and the improvement of body image (p < 0.001) as the mean score of life style self-efficacy and body image structure have increased after team teaching at the post-test stage and it could maintain this increase in time (follow-up stage).
Conclusion: Buckroyd Method can be employed in the increase of life style self-efficacy and body image structure in the obese women.
Assessment of Knowledge on the Mode of Transmissions and Preventions of Hepatitis-B Among Undergraduate Students in Nigeria
Authors: Joseph Fasoranti Afolabi
Published: July 2021

Background: Hepatitis B, which is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a global health problem that has resulted in high morbidity and mortality with knowledge and awareness about the occurrence and mode of transmissions relatively low among the populace. Therefore, this study examined knowledge on the mode of transmission and preventions of hepatitis B among undergraduate students in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive research was used, and a multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select three hundred respondents which comprised male and female from three tertiary institutions in Lagos state in 2019. Hepatitis B Knowledge Questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.74 was used for data collection. The descriptive statistics of frequency count and percentages was used to analyse the demographic characteristics of respondents while the chi-square test was used to determine associations between categorical variables
Results: The results revealed that a high proportion of the respondents had poor knowledge about the transmission and prevention of hepatitis B.. The result revealed that the p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically insignificant. Therefore, the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between gender and hepatitis B
Conclusion: A critical level of public awareness and vaccination coverage, particularly among students, is essential to decrease Lagos' burden.
Coptic liturgical texts relating to Agathon the Stylite
Authors: Youssef Youhanna Nessim
Published: July 2021

While Egypt was the cradle of monasticism since Antony, the stylite type of monasticism is rarely represented in the Coptic corpus of monastic literature. Hence every text will contribute to our knowledge. In this article, we will highlight the importance of the city of Sakha, in the book of history of the Patriarchs, the book of the Churches and Monasteries (twelfth century). The liturgical texts relating to this saint are exceedingly rare, hence the importance publishing all texts. We will edit, translate all the liturgical texts relating to one of this group, we were able to find a doxology Batos not attested in most of the manuscripts as well as the texts of the Antiphonarion (Difnar). It is important to mention that this saint lived in Lower-Egypt around the sixth-seventh century which means that it was around the time of important events such as the usurper of Phocas, the Persian invasion, the Byzantine reconquest, and the Arabic conquest. He was influenced by the biography of the great Simon the Stylite. Nowadays, no traces of his cult survive in Sakha which explains the rarity of manuscripts containing anything relating to this saint, however Sakha is nowadays known as a step of the journey of the Holy Family.
Personal Interpretation Starts with the Interpreter: How Do Outcome Priorities Change Over Time among Interpretive Staff?
Authors: Blye Clara-Jane , Hvenegaard Glen , Halpenny Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Personal interpretation is a key management tool to help visitors discover, value, and enjoy parks. Goals and objectives for personal interpretation should be consistent among staff to ensure that planning and delivery are effective in achieving targeted outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess how the outcome priorities for, and resources used by, front-line interpreters (employees who deliver personal interpretation programs) changed over the course of one season. Staff goals are also influenced by agency goals and agency support. We were interested in how park agency legislation and management goals were aligned with front-line staff goals and how the agency supported (or did not support) staff in achieving those outcomes. Front-line interpreters from Alberta Parks completed in-person questionnaires during May 2018 (time 1), describing their priorities for interpretive outcomes, perceived trends, resources used, opportunities, barriers, and demographics. Following the delivery of personal interpretation in 11 provincial parks across Alberta during the May to September 2018 park visitation season, the same interpreters completed a follow-up survey between October 2018 and January 2019 (time 2) to understand if and why those responses changed. Respondents were asked to rate their priorities for six main outcomes of personal interpretation. The top outcomes at time 1 were visitor enjoyment, connections to place, and learning. At time 2, learning and enjoyment priorities declined; attitudes, behavioral change, connections to place, and positive memories did not change as desired outcomes. When asked which of the six outcomes were most important, respondents indicated connections to place, positive memories, and enjoyment most often (but there were no changes from time 1 to time 2). As for resources used in guiding content and strategic decisions in delivering personal interpretation programs, the importance of park legislation and park finances declined; the importance of the other resources did not change. When asked what organizational factors helped them be successful (or unsuccessful), staff relied overwhelmingly on their immediate team, including their supervisors and fellow interpreters. However, responses from time 2 suggested that respondents felt in need of more training, more time to prepare new and innovative programs, and more support from upper-level managers and their agency. This research can help inform park practitioner efforts to understand how interpretive priorities change over time and what resources are important for interpreters. Park agency managers can use these results to hire, train, and nurture front-line interpreters, with a goal of improving the impact of personal interpretation programs.
Primer designing in Primer-BLAST
Authors: Kozyreva A. A. , Zlotina A. M. , Golovkin A. S. , Kalinina O. V. , Kostareva A. A.
Published: July 2021

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is widely used in different areas. For example, in laboratory diagnostics, PCR is used to detect bacterial and viral pathogens, in the diagnosis of hereditary diseases, and to identify paternity and many other. There are three types of PCR — qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative. The method is based on the ability of DNA polymerase to double the existing DNA strand, thus resulting in multiplication the number of copies of the region of interest. Necessary components of the reaction are DNA or RNA molecules, serving as a template for the of new molecules; polymerase — an enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands; short oligonucleotides – primers that are required for the enzyme work and are specific to the fragment of interest. Currently, there are not many primer designing tools that are easy-to-use and free. One of these tools is the Primer-BLAST online resource, which is integrated with the NCBI database. It is user-friendly and easyto-use effective tool that is integrated with GenBank and RefSeq, and always is up-to-dated. However, even for this tool, there are no detailed instructions for the primers designing. This work is an update for a previously published tutorial and provides a step-by-step guide to find target DNA regions, primers designing, and performing primer quality control. The paper is largely based on the personal experience of the authors and is intended for researchers working with PCR.
Echocardiography features in determining left atrial dilatation in patients with hypertension
Authors: Kirillova V. V.
Published: July 2021

Background. The correct echocardiographic (Echo) determination of left atrial (LA) dilatation is a criterion for diagnosing heart failure with the preserved ejection fraction.

Objective. The aim is to detect probable reasons for underestimating the LA area by Echo in hypertension patients.

Design and methods. In the prospective study, the LA area was measured echocardiographically in 89 ambulatory patients (P-wave duration in standard lead II was > 0.1 mm in 57 patients and ≤ 0.1 mm in 32 patients) from the apical four- and two-chamber views with and without focusing on the LA, and from the subcostal four-chamber view.

Results. A strong positive correlation was detected between ECG P-wave duration and the Echo LA area (r = 0.74). The LA areas were revealed to be different in patients with P-wave duration over 0.1 mm from the apical fourchamber view with optimization of displaying the LA (22.33 ± 0.68 and 19.02 ± 0.56 cm2, respectively). The maximum LA area was detected from the subcostal fourchamber view (24.41 ± 0.78).

Conclusion. Thus, using the correspondence between the LA area and Pwave duration in standard lead II, optimization of displaying the LA, and additionally measuring the LA dimensions from the subcostal view, sonologists can avoid underestimating LA dimensions.