bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Efficacy of UNSCR 1325
Authors: Bag Shubhangi Bajaj , Mitra Ananyo , Chatterjee Shreya , Bharadwaj Ananya
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the impact of the United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 on conflict-related sexual violence and war rape, specifically in the contexts of MINURSO (Western Sahara), MONUSCO (Congo), and UNMISS (South Sudan). UNSCR 1325, intended to introduce a gender perspective into UN Peacekeeping operations, addresses the long-standing use of violence as a weapon of war, particularly in areas termed as the “rape capital” like Congo. Applying the theories of Female Security Studies and Militarized Masculinity, this research evaluates the mandates and actions of UN Peacekeeping before and after the resolution's implementation. The findings reveal significant discrepancies between written commitments and actual actions, highlighting a systematic failure in effective implementation. The paper argues that despite the resolution's potential, the impact remains limited due to inadequate enforcement and insufficient female participation in peacekeeping and peacebuilding processes.
[IMPAcT-RLS2: National occupational health and safety survey: the role of Workers' Safety Representatives]
Authors: Buresti Giuliana , Boccuni Fabio , Cagliano Raffaella , Trucco Paolo , Di Nunzio Daniele , Delogu Angelo , Persechino Benedetta , Iavicoli Sergio
Published: February 2025

The IMPAcT-RLS2 survey is part of a larger context of INSuLa2 research program; its first edition was conducted in 2014 and targeted to all prevention professionals, investigating occupational health and safety (OSH) protection issues perceived by the various professionals' point of view. The survey addressed to Health and Safety Representatives (HS reps.), focused on three regional contexts, was further implemented in 2016 through the IMPAcT-RLS survey, which involved a sample representative at national level, by company size and economic activity sector consisting of about 2,100 subjects. The survey highlighted the importance of having ever more in-depth information on the role of HS reps. and monitoring their evolution over time. This study arises from the need to create periodic and replicable surveys, aimed at increasing knowledge and awareness of prevention systems and promoting increasingly targeted interventions for improving the protection of OSH.
Factors associated with depression and anxiety among mental healthcare practitioners
Authors: Murugas Cheval , Kotzé Carla
Published: February 2025

Background: Anxiety and depression constitute a significant global mental health burden. The extant literature indicates elevated rates of anxiety and depression among mental healthcare practitioners; however, this phenomenon remains understudied within this particular population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-administered questionnaires. Participants voluntarily completed an anonymous socio-demographic questionnaire, the General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Results: The study included 255 participants from various occupational categories within mental health. High levels of anxiety (N = 56; 22%) and depression (N = 42; 16.5%) were found among mental healthcare practitioners. Participants with a prior history of anxiety and/or depression (21.2%) demonstrated a significant association with anxiety and depression at the time of completion of the questionnaire (p = 0.000).Conclusion: Mental health practitioners with a previous history of anxiety and depression were at a substantially higher risk of experiencing current symptoms, highlighting the need for workplace support mechanisms tailored to this vulnerable group.Contribution: This research identified a specific group of mental health practitioners at elevated risk for anxiety and depression that warrants targeted interventions through occupational assistance initiatives and preventative strategies.
Mediating role of psychological capital in achievement goals’ impact on vocational students’ entrepreneurial readiness
Authors: Farradinna Syarifah , Jayanti Wella
Published: February 2025

Orientation: Substantial investment in entrepreneurship education did not resolve the issue of only 50% of vocational graduates finding employment, highlighting the need to foster entrepreneurial pursuits.Research purpose: To examine the impact of achievement goals on the entrepreneurial psychological readiness (EPR) of vocational high school students, as mediated by psychological capital in Pekanbaru, Indonesia.Motivation for the study: This study involved 378 vocational high school students from all available vocational fields. Data were collected with the assistance of class teachers after completing administrative processes with the school.Research approach/design and method: This research employs a quantitative methodology and is assisted by SEM-SmartPLS statistical analysis. The data collection instruments consist of four components: self-report, the Goal Measure-Revised (AGQ-R), 12 items; the PsyCap questionnaire (PCQ), 12 items and the EPR, 24 items. A two-step partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was used to evaluate the measurement and structural models.Main findings: The relationship between achievement goals and entrepreneurship psychological readiness is completely mediated by psychological capital that this hypothesis indicates. We conclude that the relationship between achievement goals and psychological readiness for entrepreneurship through psychological capital shows a significant influence.Practical/managerial implications: The study underscored the critical role of psychological capital in enhancing entrepreneurial readiness and suggested that balancing goal orientation with psychological well-being was essential for developing entrepreneurial potential among vocational students.Contribution/value-add: This study underscores the importance of psychological capital in fostering entrepreneurial readiness, revealing its indispensable role in achieving entrepreneurial success.
Intravenous Lignocaine as an Adjunct to Propofol Based Sedation in Colonoscopy: A Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Cutinha Freeda Praveena , Kamath Shaila Surendra , Sunil B. V.
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

The adoption of western lifestyles and dietary changes have culminated in an increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in developing nations such as India and Nigeria. Propofol used for colonoscopies, which is the gold standard for early diagnosis, is associated with cardiopulmonary complications and is a poor choice as a sole agent due to a lack of analgesic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intravenous (IV) lignocaine in minimizing the need for propofol during colonoscopy.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective observational study included 80 patients who had been posted for colonoscopies of either sex belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grades I and II. Patients who received lignocaine with propofol were included in Group L and those who received normal saline with propofol were included in Group C. The following was recorded: induction, maintenance, total amount of propofol, induction and recovery time, hemodynamic variables such as heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, pain relief after receiving the injection, ease of the procedure for endoscopist satisfaction, comfort and patient satisfaction during the procedure, post-procedure pain and fatigue, recall, nausea and vomiting, and dizziness.

Results:

With regard to demographics, the groups were well matched. Group L had a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in terms of patient comfort, lesser induction time, and propofol requirements when compared to Group C. Group C also had a lower rate of oxygen desaturation (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Propofol needs during colonoscopy can be considerably reduced using IV lignocaine, resulting in shorter induction time and better patient comfort.
The prognostic role of mitophagy marker Parkin-induced protein kinase 1 in invasive duct carcinoma of the breast: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Kora Mona A. , Moselhy Alyaa A. , Badr Nahla M.
Published: February 2025

Background

The gene Parkin-induced protein kinase 1 (PINK1) encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase associated with mitophagy. It is found in the mitochondria and protects cells against stress-related mitochondrial malfunction. However, its precise function in the development and evolution of tumours, particularly in breast cancer (BC), is yet unknown. PINK1 immunohistochemistry expression in invasive duct BC is the focus of the current study and to link this expression with several clinicopathological criteria, such as patient overall survival.

Methods

PINK1 monoclonal antibody was used in a retrospective design to immunohistochemistry stain sections from 90 primary invasive duct BC patients and 10 healthy controls. Its association with clinical characteristics was evaluated.

Results

Positive PINIK1 expression was noticed in 52 (57.5%) of cases. A significant correlation was seen between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and PINK1 expression (P=0.05). Positive PINK1 expression was closely linked to cases of HER2 enriched molecular subtype (P<0.001), multifocal BC (P=0.03), advanced lymph nodal stage (P=0.01), and tumour necrosis (P=0.02) while negative expression was notably connected to luminal BC (P=0.01). Analysis of Kaplan–Meier survival revealed a significantly better patient overall survival (P= 0.04) with positive PINK1 immuno-expression and unifocal BC (P= 0.04), (P=0.05), respectively.

Conclusion

The protein linked to mitophagy PINK1 showed significant association regarding criteria of poor prognosis in BC such as HER2 enriched subtype, tumour multifocality, and advanced nodal stage. PINK1 could be a potential target in BC therapy and more research is needed to verify this role.
A partial-thickness ‘scleral belt loop’ for MicroShunt implant
Authors: Figus Michele , Sartini Francesco , Menchini Martina , Guidi Gianluca , Casini Giamberto , Posarelli Chiara
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to introduce a new surgical technique for the PreserFloTM MicroShunt implant. This technique involves creating a partial-thickness scleral belt loop before repositioning the Tenon’s capsule and the conjunctiva toward the limbus. The distal end of the device is passed under the lamellar belt of the sclera, but the tip remains open and not covered by the loop. With this surgical technique, the MicroShunt adheres perfectly to the scleral profile of all eyes. As a result, the device’s end tip does not stress the Tenon’s/conjunctival flap during postoperative eye movements, thereby minimizing conjunctival erosion and inflammation. This method is efficient, requiring very short additional time. Consequently, it can be seamlessly integrated into the standard MicroShunt implant procedure without incurring extra costs, ultimately trying to reduce the need for surgical revisions of the filtration bleb.
Venom ophthalmia and acute angle closure glaucoma in capillary leak syndrome
Authors: Shastikaa Nagarajan , Maheswari S Uma , Rajasekar Rajkiran , Azad Ashik , Ramesh Prasanna Venkatesh
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

To investigate the incidence and management of acute angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) following venomous snakebites, along with its associated systemic complications, and to evaluate the importance of early detection and intervention in preventing long-term visual impairment.

Design:

Prospective interventional case series.

Method:

This study included patients admitted with venomous snakebites to a tertiary care hospital in rural Tamil Nadu, India, over four years (March 2019 to August 2023). All patients underwent both systemic and ocular assessments, regardless of their presenting symptoms. Ocular complications, particularly ACG, were managed with topical and systemic treatments. Data collected included demographic information, type of snakebite, systemic symptoms, treatment outcomes, and ocular findings.

Results:

Of the 126 patients admitted with venomous snakebites, 84 presented with neurotoxic bites and 42 with hematotoxic bites. Nine patients developed bilateral ACG, all of whom had sustained hematotoxic bites. Visual acuity (VA) ranged from hand motion to 6/9, with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) ranging between 12 and 54 mm of Hg. Systemic complications included acute renal failure in 16 hematotoxic cases, with four patients requiring hemodialysis and subsequently succumbing to renal failure and multiorgan dysfunction. After treatment with antisnake venom, topical IOP-lowering agents, corticosteroids, and systemic therapies, five patients demonstrated full recovery, with normalized IOP and improved VA.

Conclusion:

ACG is a significant but underreported complication of hematotoxic snakebites. Early detection and intervention, including routine ocular screening, are crucial to prevent visual impairment. Ocular involvement may also serve as a prognostic indicator of severe systemic envenomation.
Structured Exercise Protocol on Adolescent with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Prayag Aditi K. , Bembalgi Veena Anil
Published: February 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting 9.2% of women of reproductive age globally, significantly impacting metabolic health, fertility, and quality of life. This case study examines the effects of a 12-week structured exercise intervention on a 14-year-old girl with PCOS, presenting with weight gain, menstrual irregularities, acne, and low self-esteem. The intervention included aerobic and resistance exercises, progressively tailored through supervised and home-based sessions. Postintervention outcomes showed improvements in body mass index (27 kg/m2), waist-to-hip ratio (0.77), body fat percentage (24%), acne severity, exercise tolerance, and strength parameters. Psychological measures, including pediatric quality of life and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale scores, also improved. Despite the absence of dietary modifications and behavioral therapy, enhancements in self-esteem and quality of life suggest the positive impact of structured exercise on body image and emotional well-being. This study highlights exercise as a key component in adolescent PCOS management.
Prevalence of Dyslexia among Primary School-going Children in Belagavi City – An Observational Study
Authors: Bandmaster Mehreen , Purohit Shrisha , Raibagi Shriya , Sona Sneha , D’Silva Steven
Published: February 2025

Background:

80% of all specific learning disabilities are caused by dyslexia, making it the most prevalent specific learning disability. One common term for dyslexia is hidden disability. By the time it is diagnosed, the child may already have issues such as anxiety, behavioral disorders, and poor academic performance. Dyslexia Assessment for Languages of India-Dyslexia Assessment Battery (DALI-DAB) is a reliable and valid tool that can be used to both screen and assess children who are at risk of being dyslexic and is relevant for the population group of the study as it is available in all four languages spoken in Belagavi city – Kannada, Marathi, Hindi, and English.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of dyslexia in primary school-going children of age group 8–10 years in Belagavi city using the DALI-DAB screening tool.

Materials and Methods:

An observational study was conducted on 215 children. The data were collected from various primary school-going children from Belagavi city falling in the age group of 8–10 years. The children were evaluated for dyslexia using the DALI-DAB screening tool consisting of 21 questions under the components of reading, writing, mathematics, communication, memory, motor coordination, and behavior. According to the scoring system, the total score is 42. The English cutoff is set at 23, whereas the cutoff for the other three languages is set at 19, and the participants were scored accordingly.

Results:

Of 215 students, the prevalence of dyslexia was found to be 22.3%. About 54.17% of males and 45.83% of females were affected. It was discovered that the prevalence of dyslexia was 45%, 39%, and 14% in 8 years old, 9 years old, and 10 years old, respectively. The prevalence of dyslexia was 54%, 31%, and 14% among 3rd, 4th, and 5th standard children, respectively. Prevalence of dyslexia was found to be 14%, 23%, 46%, and 17% in English, Hindi, Kannada, and Marathi medium schools, respectively.

Conclusion:

In Belagavi city, students attending primary school in the third, fourth, and fifth grades had a 22.3% prevalence of dyslexia.
Prevalence of Developmental Delay in Less Than 6-Year-Old Children in South India – A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Deshpande Vinuta , Patait Sughra , Bannur Sumitra
Published: February 2025

Context:

Early childhood forms the foundation for holistic development, but developmental delays and disabilities during this period increase the risk for suboptimal health. Despite its significance, epidemiological data on developmental disabilities remains scarce globally and nationally.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental delay in children < 6 years old in Belagavi, Karnataka, South India.

Setting and Design:

Children residing in Belagavi City. This was a community-based cross-sectional study.

Subjects and Methods:

Children under the age of 6 years in the selected wards of the Belagavi city were screened. Eligible participants were assessed using Denver Developmental Screening Tool II.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were analyzed using R software (version 3.6.3) (Developed by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman at the University of Auckland, Company name R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) and Excel. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and categorical variables as frequencies. Statistical tests included the t-test and Shapiro–Wilk’s test/quantile–quantile plot for normality.

Results:

Among the 497 children screened, 16 (3.22%) were identified with delayed development, and 7 (1.41%) were suspected of delay. Domain-wise, gross motor delay was seen in 0.20%, fine motor delay in 1.4%, language delay in 1.61%, and personal–social delay in 0.40% of children.

Conclusion:

Parents and healthcare professionals play a crucial role to improve the early identification of developmental delay. The present study with its community-based data in early identification has important implications for practice and research in the field of developmental screening and surveillance. Educating the parents to make use of the healthcare facilities and promoting early intervention programs may have a greater impact in supporting the development of children in low-income countries.
Anesthetic Management of Parturient with Takayasu’s Arteritis – A Series of Three Cases
Authors: Rustagi Preeti S. , Nellore Shalaka , Magar Jyoti S.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Takayasu’s arteritis (TA), also known as Pulseless disease, Aortic arch syndrome, Occlusive thromboaortopathy, or Aortoarteritis, is an inflammatory pan-endarteritis leading to thrombotic occlusion and aneurysm of major arteries. Major challenges for anesthesia in patients with TA involve severe uncontrolled hypertension, end-organ dysfunction, stenosis of major blood vessels, and difficulties in monitoring arterial blood pressure (BP). The cardiovascular complications attributed to the disease can be seriously enhanced during pregnancy. This case series describes the successful anesthetic management of three cases of TA presenting for lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). Each parturient had a unique presentation, necessitating a specific strategy. A sequential combined spinal epidural is an attractive option; however, each case requires thorough evaluation and appropriate management.
An Interventional Strategy of Lifestyle Education to Increase Awareness of Menopause among Postmenopausal Women of Urban Slums
Authors: Beura Saswatika , Patnaik Lipilekha , Sahu Manisha
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Education and creating awareness on menopause, cognitive behavioral therapy, and lifestyle-related interventions such as diet, exercise, yoga, and counseling are the most common forms of non-medicinal therapy given to menopausal women.

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness of interventions to increase awareness regarding menopause.

Materials and Methods:

This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 128 postmenopausal women who had permanent cessation of menstruation naturally within 5 years and residing in slums. The study group participants were intervened by an educational and lifestyle-related interventional module. Printed educational material in regional language was given to both groups.

Results:

The mean age of natural menopause was 48.66 ± 2.39 years and 78.1% of women reached menopause between 45 and 50 years of age. In follow-up, the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores regarding menopause of the intervention and control group participants were found to be significantly different (P < 0.000). The mean awareness score was 3.33 ± 2.30 and at baseline, no significant difference was observed in both groups. After the intervention, a significant increase in awareness was found in both groups, and the awareness score increased by 26.69 points in the study group but 2.53 points in the control group. The majority of intervention group participants admitted that their perception, thinking, and experience of menopause had changed in a positive way after getting awareness and lifestyle-related education through interventions.

Conclusions:

Lifestyle-related interventions may have a huge impact on increasing menopausal awareness among menopausal women.
Monitoring Behçet uveitis
Authors: Eser-Ozturk Hilal , Tugal-Tutkun Ilknur
Published: February 2025

Behçet disease is a systemic vasculitis that can affect various organ systems. Ocular involvement is characterized by recurrent nongranulomatous panuveitis and retinal vasculitis attacks, followed by spontaneous remission periods. Recurrent inflammatory attacks affecting the posterior segment may eventually lead to structural damage and permanent visual loss. The severity of attacks may also be an important factor in visual outcomes. Between attacks, patients may have no clinical signs of inflammatory activity. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize subclinical inflammatory clues in imaging modalities and the structural defects that develop due to previous attacks. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FA) is the gold standard method in monitoring inflammatory activity. Laser flare photometry is a useful noninvasive tool correlating with FA in demonstrating inflammatory activity. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the most valuable imaging method in diagnosing and following structural changes. OCT angiography allows visualization of various retinal plexuses separately and evaluation of the retinal vascular structures qualitatively and quantitatively; however, it cannot demonstrate vascular leakage and, therefore, uveitis activity. Monitoring disease activity and structural changes is fundamental in individualizing management, evaluating responses to treatment, and improving long-term outcomes.
Evaluation of intraocular lens subluxation after cataract surgery in patients with zonular weakness
Authors: Chanyo Sutthisaranyupong , Khotcharrat Rossukon , Mongkolareepong Natpatsorn , Kosaiyaganonth Nattamol , Paensuwan Pussadee , Thongsuk Wanachat , Pejchang Darawan
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the intraocular lens (IOL) subluxation after cataract surgery in patients with zonular weakness.

METHODS:

This study assessed the medical records of cataract patients with zonular weakness treated at Naresuan University Hospital, Thailand-country between November 2014 and October 2019. Preoperative and postoperative values of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), refractive error, corneal refractive power (k-value), axial length, and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were examined and compared. The refractive power was converted to spherical equivalent (SE). During the operation, grading of the zonular weakness was evaluated by the surgeon. The IOLs and the capsular tension rings were then inserted. The estimated error (EE) was considered as the difference between the theoretical IOL lens position (effective lens position [ELP]) and the clinical postoperative IOL position (postoperative ACD).

RESULTS:

This study included nine participants (nine eyes) with an average age of 64.7 ± 11.42 years. The median preoperative and postoperative UCVA were 1.39 (0.94–1.82) and 0.00 (0.00–0.37) logMAR, respectively. All of the participants achieved a better postoperative UCVA than preoperative UCVA. The preoperative SE was not able to be measured using an automated refractometer. The postoperative SE of all participants had improved compared with the preoperative SE. The median preoperative and postoperative ACD were 3.15 (2.59–3.48) and 3.98 (2.93–4.33) mm, respectively. The value of postoperative ACD was significantly increased from preoperative ACD. For a subluxation of IOL position, there was a statistically significant difference between the values of ELP and postoperative ACD (P = 0.008). The mean EE was 0.96 ± 0.65 mm. The EE was a positive value in all participants, and the IOL position after cataract surgery was shifted to the front.

CONCLUSION:

After cataract surgery, the UCVA of all participants was improved, and the postoperative ACD was statistically significantly smaller than ELP. The EE was positive, and the IOL position after cataract surgery was shifted to the front of the eye.
Maintenance Scheduling Optimization of Urban Non-intrusive Road
Intelligent Transportation System Equipment under the Autonomous Driving
Environment
Authors: Pei Haoyi , Ji Yanjie , Chen Ziang
Published: February 2025

The increasing traveling demands are putting higher pressure on urban networks,
where the efficient driving modes highly depend on various non-intrusive ITS
equipment for interaction, which asks for higher maintenance scheduling plans
minimizing network loss. Current studies have researched methodologies with the
aspects of deterministic methods and metaheuristic algorithms under different
scenarios, but lack the simulation considering maintenance work type, urban
traffic characteristics as well as the ITS equipment. This study aims to
optimize the maintenance scheduling plan of urban ITS systems by using the
genetic algorithm (GA) and Dijkstra algorithm, as well as other judgmental
algorithms to minimize traffic delays caused by maintenance activities, and
presents a novel method to assess economic losses. A mixed integer programming
model is established simulating the real urban network while considering
multiple constraints, including the route selection principle, network updating,
network updating principle, etc. Then a complex urban network is randomly
assumed for the case study. Through case verification, the effectiveness of the
proposed model and algorithm in reducing the delay of the entire road network is
proved and reached a 19.5% loss avoidance compared to the traditional GA under
the case scenario. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical
guidance for the future maintenance and scheduling of intelligent transportation
systems in the environment of automatic driving, with advantages of
expandability, editability, and relatively high efficiency, but leaves
shortcomings of the possibility of falling into the local optima and traffic
assignment principle, which could be further studied in the algorithm and the
help with other advanced traffic assignment models.
Evaluation Method for the Impacts of Truck Platoons Lateral Control
on Pavement Performance
Authors: Wenlu Yu , Ye Qin , Chen Daoxie , Min Yitong , Chen Leilei
Published: February 2025

The introduction of autonomous truck platoons is expected to result in drastic
changes in operational characteristics of freight shipments, which may in turn
have significant impacts on efficiency, energy consumption, and infrastructure
durability. Since the lateral positions of autonomous trucks traveling
consecutively within a lane are fixed and similar (channelized traffic), such
platooning operations are likely to accelerate damage accumulation within
pavement structures. To further advance the application of truck platooning
technology in various pavement environments, this study develops a flexible
evaluation method to evaluate the impact of lateral arrangement within
autonomous truck platoons on asphalt pavement performance. This method
simplifies the impact of intermittent axle load applications along the driving
direction within a platoon, supporting platoon controllers in directly
evaluating pavement damage for different platoon configurations. Specifically, a
truck platoon axle load lateral distribution function is proposed to
characterize the cumulative damage effects of the platoon on the pavement,
enabling the analysis of rutting performance and longitudinal tensile stress at
the bottom layer under varying platoon offset values and distribution patterns.
Case study analyses demonstrate the application of this evaluation method,
validating its feasibility. The results reveal that the uniform offset lateral
distribution scheme causes less structural damage to the pavement. When wheel
path overlap is minimized and a tighter wheel path distribution is achieved, it
can effectively reduce pavement structural damage.
Identification and Quantitative Analysis Technique of Road Obstacle
Safety Risks
Authors: Chen Tingting , Chen Leilei , Yu Wenlu , Chen Daoxie
Published: February 2025

The transition from manual to autonomous driving introduces new safety
challenges, with road obstacles emerging as a prominent threat to driving
safety. However, existing research primarily focuses on vehicle-to-vehicle risk
assessment, often overlooking the significant risks posed by static or dynamic
road obstacles. In this context, developing a system capable of real-time
monitoring of road conditions, accurately identifying obstacle positions and
characteristics, and assessing their associated risk levels is crucial. To
address these gaps, this study proposes a comprehensive process for rapid
obstacle identification and risk quantification, composed of three main
components: road obstacle event detection and feature extraction, risk
quantification and level assessment, and output of warning information and
countermeasures. First, a rapid detection method suited for highway scenarios is
proposed based on the YOLOv5 model, enabling fast detection and classification
of obstacles in highway environments. Second, a customized risk assessment model
tailored to highway scenarios is developed using potential field theory,
considering multiple influencing factors, including obstacle type, location, and
road attributes. The proposed model provides a complete process for rapid
obstacle identification and quantitative risk assessment. This system not only
allows for early detection of potential hazards but also timely issuance of
warnings, enabling intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs) to perform appropriate
evasive maneuvers. This real-time decision-making enhances the safety of
autonomous driving. These findings make a significant contribution to the
development of intelligent warning systems and strengthen the deployment of ICVs
in highway scenarios, supporting a safer and more reliable transportation
system.
Dynamic Evaluation Method for Public Transport Operation Indicators
Based on Rank Transformation
Authors: Zhou Yang , Shao Yichang , Han Zhongyi , Ye Zhirui
Published: February 2025

This study presents a method to evaluate the daily operation of traditional
public transportation using multi-source data and rank transformation. In
contrast with previous studies, we focuses on dynamic indicators generated
during vehicle operation, while ignoring static indicators. This provides a
better reference value for the daily operation management of public transport
vehicles. Initially, we match on-board GPS data with network and stop
coordinates to extract arrival and departure timetable. This helps us calculate
dynamic operational metrics such as dwell time, arrival interval, and frequency
of vehicle bunching and large interval. By integrating IC card data with arrival
timetable, we can also estimate the number of people boarding at each stop and
derive passenger arrival time, waiting time, and average waiting time. Finally,
we developed a comprehensive dynamic evaluation method of public transportation
performance, covering the three dimensions: bus stops, vehicles, and routes.
This method uses K-means clustering to classify and applies rank transformation
techniques to score. At stop levels, we use principal component analysis(PCA) to
identify key influencing factors, anf apply K-means for clustering and
service-level classification. At the vehicle and route level, we perform rank
transformation on indicators such as average waiting time and vehicle bunching
frequency. Delphi method is used to determine the relative weights of each
indicator, so as to facilitate the ranking of bus routes according to the
comprehensive score. This method is applicable to the dynamic operation
indicators of 20 bus routes in Shenzhen, involving 293 vehicles and 506 stops.
The results show that this method can effectively evaluate the dynamic operation
of public transport and make contribution to daily management.
An Ecological Examination of Elderly American Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Time Allocation
Authors: Sun Ruifang Hope , Kochut Renata
Published: February 2025

Time allocation studies date back to the late 19th and early twentieth century (Bauman et al., 2019), but the role of race and ethnicity in shaping daily time use among elderly Americans remains underexplored (Bartel et al., 2019). Recent research has addressed related topics on timeuse that included health and well-being (Zick et al., 2019), disability and sleeping time (Shandra et al., 2014), and social interactions (Ferranna et al., 2022). This paper aimed to investigate racial and ethnic disparities in time allocation among elderly Americans using an ecological framework. The current research examined how racial/ethnic backgrounds influenced American timeuse in later life. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model (1974, 1968, 1989) offered a framework for this study, focusing on three levels of systems: the ontogenic system (demographic characteristics), the microsystem (immediate environment), and the exosystem (indirect influences like social networks and community context). The macrosystem, which reflected broader cultural and societal structures, was excluded but could inform future research. Understanding these factors may help policymakers promote racial and ethnic equity, improving active engagement in the daily lives of elderly Americans (Fetter & Lockwood, 2018).
Educational Leadership in the Digital Age: Navigating Challenges and Embracing Opportunities
Authors: Uzorka Afam , Odebiyi Omotoyosi Aishat , Kalabuki Kagezi
Published: February 2025

Education has undergone radical transformation as a result of the digital era, and educational leaders' roles and responsibilities have been redefined. This study addresses the critical need to understand how leaders navigate challenges and embrace opportunities in this dynamic landscape. 161 leaders in various positions within higher institutions were interviewed using a qualitative study design. To find links, categories, and patterns in the data, thematic analysis was applied using NVivo 12. Strict procedures, such as member verification and triangulation, were used to increase the reliability of the results. The complicated terrain of educational leadership was reflected in the issues of digital inequality, information overload, professional growth, cybersecurity, and pedagogical shifts. Opportunities were found in improved learning environments, worldwide communication, data-driven decision-making, adaptability, customization, and creative assessment methods. It was discovered that there are complex links between opportunities and difficulties that influence how educational leaders make decisions. This research addresses opportunities and difficulties at the same time, adding to a holistic understanding of educational leadership in the digital age. The results offer educational leaders, legislators, and practitioners practical insights and a comprehensive framework for negotiating the intricacies of the digital educational environment. The research not only pinpoints important problems but also shows how possibilities can be realized more easily when challenges are addressed, and vice versa. This research is an invaluable tool for developing effective leadership practices, policies, and professional development efforts as educational institutions continue to change in the digital age.
Investigating the Impact of Simulation Software on Students' Learning Processes
Authors: Kaysi Feyzi
Published: February 2025

Due to the frequent utilization of technological applications in contemporary times, the quality of educational processes is rapidly evolving. This study examines students' experiences through simulation software and real-world applications. A mixed-method design is employed due to the combined use of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Accordingly, Achievement tests, Semi-Structured Interview Form, Observation Form, and Simulation Software Participant Applications Evaluation Form were utilized for data collection. All obtained data were analyzed to support and compare the findings of the study. As a result of the study, some positive effects of simulation software on students' learning processes are identified. Among these outputs, it is highlighted that throughout the process, students' levels of achievement increase, and due to the smooth operation of the applications, students experience a sense of achievement and positive attitudes. As a result of students' experiences with the simulation software they use, it has been observed that they have the expected level of experience when performing real-world applications and carry out the applications almost flawlessly. Finally, it has been noted that some students resist these processes and their development is limited. Among the recommendations of the study, it is suggested that structured learning activities through such simulation software would be beneficial.
Web Tabanlı Öğrenme Ortamı Tasarımı
Authors: Özdemir Ali , Alaybeyoğlu Ayşegül , Balbal Kadriye Filiz
Published: February 2025

Teknolojik gelişmeler, hayatın her alanına olduğu gibi eğitim alanına da etki etmiştir. Öğrenme ve öğretme yöntem ve teknikleri, yeni teknolojilerle birlikte değişmekte ve gelişmektedir. Eğitimciler, en etkili öğrenmeyi sağlamak için teknolojiyle uyumlu yeni yöntemler ve yaklaşımlar geliştirmektedir. İnternet teknolojisinin imkânlarından faydalanarak hazırlanan web tabanlı öğrenme ortamları da bunlardan birisidir. Geleneksel yöntemlere destek olabilecek web tabanlı öğrenme ortamlarının, öğrencilerin öğrenmesine olumlu yönde etki etmesi beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 10. sınıf matematik müfredatında yer alan konularla ilgili alıştırmaların bulunduğu bir web tabanlı öğrenme ortamı tasarlanmıştır. Meslek lisesinde okuyan 58 öğrenciyle gerçekleştirilen çalışma sonunda öğrencilerin görüşlerini almak üzere bir anket uygulanmıştır.
Hoca Ali Rıza’nın Sanat Anlayışı ve Taş Baskı Resimlerinin Sanat Eğitimindeki Önemi
Authors: Ciddi Mustafa Lütfi
Published: February 2025

Bu makalede Hoca Ali Rıza'nın taş baskı eserlerinin sanat eğitimindeki yeri incelenmiştir. Ali Rıza Bey; arkadaşları, öğrencileri ve meslektaşları arasında “hoca” olarak biliniyordu. Hoca Ali Rıza, Türk resim sanatının gelişiminde önemli bir basamak olan Harbiye Mektebi’ndeki sanat eğitimciliği görevinin yanında, Harbiye Matbaasında da baş ressamlık görevini sürdürmüştür. Çeşitli nedenlerden o dönemde öğrencilerin modelden çalışma olanağı olmadığından dolayı, kendisi; doğa görünümleri, kır evleri, çeşmeleri ve hayvan figürlerinden oluşturduğu karakalem çalışmalarını, taş baskı eserlere çevirerek çoğaltmış ve albümler oluşturmuştur. Oluşturduğu bu albümleri çalışabilmeleri için öğrencilerine dağıtmıştır ve öğrencilerinin sanat anlayışlarına ve uygulamalarına tesir etmiştir. Bu durum, döneminde Hoca Ali Rıza’nın sanat eğitimine verdiği önemi hem de baskı resminde ulaştığı noktayı göstermesi açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Lisans Düzeyindeki Öğrencilerin Heykel Çalışmalarına İlişkin Algıları
Authors: Öztürk Ömer Tayfur
Published: February 2025

Sanata dair değerlerin bireye kavratılıp, toplumun sanat kültürünün yükseltilmesi sanat eğitiminin gerekliliğini yansıtmaktadır. Sanat eğitimi bireysellik esaslıdır. Ve sanat eğitimini toplum bireylerine yansıtıp onları eğitecek kişiler, öncelikle sanat eğitimcileridir. Üç boyutlu heykel çalışmaları bireyin görerek ve dokunarak hissetmesi ile yaratıcılığı gelişmesinde etkin ve önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra bireyin estetik bakış açısının gelişmesi ile fiziki çevresini ve içinde bulunduğu ortamı farklılaştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de üniversiteler bünyesinde Resim-İş Öğretmenliği (Eğitimi) Anabilim Dalı bulunan altı üniversitede yapılan araştırmayla, öğretmen adayı bireylerin heykel sanatı ve heykel çalışmalarını nasıl algıladıklarına ilişkin görüşleri alınmış ve çıkan sonuçlardan elde edilen verilere göre farklılıklar ve eksik durumlar tespit edilmiş, öneriler sunulmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak öğrencilere anket uygulanmıştır.
Bitki ve Hayvanlarda Üreme, Büyüme ve Gelişme Ünitesinde Geliştirilen Başarı Testinin Geçerliliği ve Güvenirliği
Authors: Güneş M. Handan , Serdaroğlu Cahide
Published: February 2025

Bu çalışma, 6.sınıf Fen Bilimleri dersi ‘Bitki ve Hayvanlarda Üreme, Büyüme ve Gelişme’ ünitesi kazanımları dahilinde hazırlanan akademik başarı testinin geçerliliği ve güvenirliğinin ispatlanması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Test, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı’nda tanımlanan kazanımlara uygun bir şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda testteki soruların kazanımlara göre dağılımının homojen olmasına dikkat edilmiştir. İçerik geçerliliği 2’si doktora, 1’i yüksek lisans öğrencisi ve 1’i lisans mezunu olan 4 fen bilgisi öğretmeni ile 1 ölçme değerlendirme uzmanı ve 1 alan uzmanı tarafından incelenmiştir. 40 maddeden oluşan testin yazım ve imla kuralları bakımından incelemesini 1 Türkçe öğretmeni yapmıştır. Gerekli düzeltmeler yapıldıktan sonra son şeklini alan başarı testi 170 ortaokul öğrencisine uygulanarak gereken analizler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda testten her hangi bir madde atılmasına gerek kalmamıştır. Tüm yapılan analizler sonucunda geliştirilen başarı testinin kabul edilebilir psikometrik özelliklere sahip olduğu ve geçerliliğinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Bilim Tarihi Tabanlı Ders Deneyimleri
Authors: Güney Burcu Gülay , Bakanay Çiçek Dilek
Published: February 2025

Bu çalışma bilim tarihinin fen derslerinde uygulanmasına yönelik olarak biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının deneyimlerinin değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya biyoloji öğretmenliği son sınıfta okuyan 25 öğrenci katılmıştır. Öğrenciler 10 hafta boyunca eğitimde bilim tarihi dersi almıştır. Dönem boyunca tarihsel bilgilerin yanı sıra bilgileri kullanabilecekleri teknikler hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Dönem sonunda bilim tarihi ile hazırlayacakları bir ders anlatmaları istenmiştir. Öğrencilerin anlatacakları ders ile ilgili nasıl bir ders materyali hazırlayacakları, ders planlarını nasıl yapabilecekleri ile ilgili eğitim ve destek ders sorumlusu tarafından verilmiştir. Öğrencilerden uygulama öncesi ve sonrasını içeren yapılandırılmış bir yansıtıcı günlük yazmaları istenmiş ve öğrencilerin bilim tarihi ile hazırladıkları ders anlatımlarındaki deneyimleri analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının anlatım yaptıkları sınıflarda beklentilerinin üzerinde olumlu reaksiyon aldıkları görülmüştür. Bilim tarihi ile anlattıkları dersin öğrenciler tarafından ilgi gördüğü ifade edilmiştir. Öğrenciler, bilim tarihi bilgisi ile alan bilgilerini birleştirmek konusunda tedirgin oldukları, öğrenci soruları konusunda kendilerini geliştirmeleri gerektiği, öğretim programlarına uyumlu bir şekilde hazırlanan bilim tarihi materyallerine ihtiyaç duydukları şeklinde yorumlarda bulunmuşlardır. Elde edilen bulgular öğretim programı değerlendirme kriterleri ışığında değerlendirilmiş, öğretmen yetiştirme programları bağlamında yorumlanmıştır.
Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocuklarının Mesleklere Yönelik Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Karabekmez Sibel , Yıldırım Günseli , Özyılmaz Akamca Güzin , Ellez A. Murat , Bulut Üner Ayşe Nur
Published: February 2025

Toplumsal cinsiyet, toplumun kadın ve erkekten cinsiyetine uygun olarak beklediği görev, sorumluluk ve davranışlar olarak tanımlanır (Vatandaş, 2007). Toplumun belirlediği kültürel ve sosyal değerler, beklentiler ve cinsiyete özgü kalıplaşmış roller kadın ve erkeğin ayırt edilmesini sağlar. Toplumsal cinsiyet algısı kendisini meslekler üzerinde de göstermektedir. Mesleklere yönelik algılar ve cinsiyete uygun rollere dayalı olarak kadın mesleği ve erkek mesleği şeklinde ayrıma gidilmektedir. Bu çalışma, toplumsal değer ve yargıların oluşturduğu toplumsal cinsiyet kavramının kazanılmasında en uygun dönem olan okul öncesi dönemde çocukların mesleklere yönelik toplumsal cinsiyet algılarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında İzmir ili Buca ilçesinde öğrenim gören 48-60 ay arasında toplam 30 çocuk ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının mesleklere yönelik toplumsal cinsiyet algıları, mesleklere yönelik cinsiyet algısı belirleme formu ve çocuk bilgi formunun çözümlenmesi yoluyla ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi kurallarına göre çözümlenerek okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının mesleklere yönelik toplumsal cinsiyet algıları yorumlanmıştır.
Biyoloji Öğretmen Adaylarının Laboratuvarda Rehberli Sorgulamaya Dayalı Öğretime İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: Acarlı Dilek Sultan , Dervişoğlu Sevilay
Published: February 2025

Sorgulamaya dayalı öğretim yaklaşımı son yıllarda fen eğitimi alanında yapılan reform çalışmalarında önemli bir yer tutmaktadır (NRC, 2000). Türkiye’de biyoloji dersi öğretim programında da öğrencilere araştırma-sorgulama, eleştirel düşünme, problem çözme gibi bilimsel süreç becerilerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik kazanımlar yer almaktadır. Bu kazanımlara ulaşmada laboratuvar uygulamaları önemli rol oynar. Laboratuvar uygulamaları, anlamlı öğrenme ve bilim yaparken bilgiyi yapılandırma sürecine dâhil olma fırsatı sunar. Bu araştırma, deneysel bir çalışma olup genel biyoloji laboratuvarı dersinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Burada öğretmen adaylarına rehberli sorgulama yaklaşıma göre hazırlanmış olan laboratuvar etkinlikleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada, biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının rehberli sorgulamaya dayalı öğrenme süreci ile ilgili algıları incelenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının uygulanan laboratuvar etkinliklerine yönelik görüşleri alınarak etkinlikleri gerçekleştirmede karşılaştıkları güçlükler ile etkinliklerin öğrenci açısından olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının rehberli sorgulama yaklaşımına ilişkin algıları, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla belirlenmiş ve nitel veri analizi programı (MAXQDA) yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde “içerik analizi (Mayring, 2002) yöntemi” kullanılmıştır.