bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparing of chemical bonding learning media based android using smart apps creator program
Authors: Silaban Ramlan , Girsang Osi Annauli Br , Manalu Roselva Theresia , Sitorus Marham , Tarigan Simson , Alexander Irving Josafat
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to obtain Android-based chemical bond learning media using the smart apps creator program that is feasible and eligible to use. To achieve the goal, development research has been carried out which refers to the 4 D model with the stages define, design, develop and disseminate. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 5 Medan involving teachers and students of class X MIA. The research instruments used are non-test instruments including needs analysis instruments, feasibility test instruments and student response instruments. The research results are: (1). An Android-based chemical bond learning media has been obtained using a smart apps creator program with features main view, main menu, learning material, evaluation, summary and references. (2). The Android-based chemical bond learning media obtained was deemed suitable for use in learning with a feasibility level of 85.0% with very worthy category. (3). The students give good eligibility responded (82.6%) for the Android-based chemical bond learning media obtained with meets the requirements for use as learning media.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK BERBANTUAN MEDIA VIDEO DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Sirait Hotmaida Rotua , Napitupulu Efendi , Darmana Ayi
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to: Examine how fifth grade students at SD Negeri 2, Kualuh Hulu District, learned mathematics using scientific techniques aided by audiovisual technology. People living in Kualuh Hulu Regency's SD Negeri Region 2.  The number of schools is 63 schools. The research sample was 60 students of SD Negeri No. 112279 Aek. A sample of 30 students were taught using a scientific learning approach (Experiment/A1) with video assistance, and 30 students were taught using a contextual learning approach (Control/A2) without video assistance. The research instruments are tests and questionnaires to differentiate student motivation. This research uses a 2 x factorial design. The research findings passed the homogeneity and normality tests which are prerequisites for analysis. Hypotheses can be tested using Two Way Analysis of Variance, often known as Two Way Anova. The study concludes that a scientific strategy using video media influences students' learning results in mathematics at SD Negeri Region 2 Kualuh Hulu Regency.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE JIGSAW DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN KEMUHAMMADIYAHAN SMP MUHAMMADIYAH GEDONG TATAAN PESAWARAN
Authors: Abdulloh Crisadi , Sujino Sujino , Cahyono Heri
Published: December 2023

Mata pelajaran Kemuhammadiyahan merupakan materi yang diajarkan di SMP Muhammadiyah Gedong Tataan. Adapun langkah yang dilakukan guru mata pelajaran adalah melalui Metode Jigsaw. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dan menggunakan metode Jigsaw. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Obserfasi, Test, Wawancara dan Dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitian di SMP Muhammadiyah Gedong Tataan Kabupaten Peswawaran Lampung. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduction, data display dan conclusion drawing/verivication. Hasil penelitian setelah menggunakan metode Jigsaw menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik yang cukup signifikan pada setiap siklus yang dilalui, tidak hanya hasil yang berupa pencapaian nilai KKM saja namun juga bisa merubah peserta didik untuk bisa mencerminkan ciri pelajar Muhammadiyah yaitu Berilmu, Berakhlak mulia, Terampil, dan Menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai Islam. Jika dilihat dari presentase ketuntasan belajar peserta didik pada siklus I, jumlah peserta didik yang tuntas (16,67%), kemudian pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan yakni jumlah peserta didik yang tuntas sebanyak (55,55%), dan pada siklus ke III, banyak sekali mengalami peningkatan dari jumlah peserta didik 18 orang anak yang dinyatakan tuntas berjumlah 16 orang peserta didik dengan presentase (88,89%) dan 2 peserta didik dilakukan pengayaan.
UPAYA GURU MENINGKATKAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN KOLASE MENGGUNAKAN KERTAS WARNA
Authors: Rahayu Nila Kurnia , Noormawanti Noormawanti , Marlisa Lusi
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena perlu adanya perhatian terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak yang masih kurang berkembang. Hal ini terjadi karena kegiatan pembelajaran dan media yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran masih kurang menarik. Kegiatan kolase menggunakan kertas warna menjadi salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan motorik halus anak. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu, 1)Untuk mengetahui upaya guru meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan kolase menggunakan kertas warna dan 2)Mengetahui hasil perkembangan kemampuan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan kolase menggunakan kertas warna kelompok B 5-6 Tahun di TK Aisyiyah Sridadi Kalirejo Lampung Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan 20 siswa TK Aisyiyah Sridadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sumber data penelitian ini adalalah sumber data primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, 1) Upaya guru meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan kolase menggunakan kertas warna, guru menggunakan metode terbaru dengan cara kertas warna digunting kemudian digulung menggunakan gunting lalu ditempel pada gambar yang disediakan. Jika sebelumnya guru menggunakan cara yang kurang menarik untuk siswa yaitu, kertas warna dirobek menjadi bagian kecil kemudian ditempel. 2) hasil perkembangan kemampuan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan kolase menggunakan kertas warna kelompok B 5-6 Tahun di TK Aisyiyah Sridadi Kalirejo Lampung Tengah, setelah penulis melakukan penelitian, 10 anak Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB), 8 anak Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH), 2 anak Mulai Berkembang (MB). dengan indikator pencapaian siswa mampu menggunting kertas sesuai pola, menempel gambar dengan tepat dan memiliki ide kreatif.
Are older workers a saviour for recruitment problems in the hospitality industry?
Authors: Jenkins Andrew
Published: December 2023

This opinion piece discusses the potential for older workers to help alieviate recruitment problems in the hospitality industry. These problems have been made worse by the Covid-19 Pandemic and, in the UK, by Brexit and changes to immigration rules. There are many advantages of employing older workers in the hospitality industry but there is a persistent paradigm that older workers are resistent to change, have higher levels of absenteeism and possess poor IT skills. As many of the issues associated with barriers to the employment of older workers are due to negative stereotying and subtle bias, the author advocates the application of Implicit Bias Theory to uncover and subsequetly help address discrimination against older workers.
Вибір методики дослідження та оцінки економічної ефективності вирощування сидератів
Authors: Талавиря Микола , Бондаренко Лариса , Орбан Михайло
Published: December 2023

Волатильність сучасного середовища сільськогосподарської діяльності, ріст її ризиковості, поява нових нестандартних задач у розрізі агробізнесу, а також розвиток ряду ключових трендів агроринку, зокрема сталого та органічного сільгоспвиробництва, зумовлює потребу у застосуванні неконвенційних інструментів для результативного та відповідального розв’язання зазначених науково-практичних питань, зокрема використання сидератів. Це актуалізує проблематику застосування останніх як дієвого інструменту в розрізі аграрного, екологічного, економічного впливу на результати діяльності господарства. Метою статті є ідентифікація особливостей використання інструменту сидератів у рамках стратегії господарства за низкою ключових напрямів в агроеколого-економічній площині.У статті здійснено огляд сутності інструменту сидератів у контексті ключових задач господарства на сучасному етапі розвитку аграрної сфери. Виділено ключові тренди сьогодення в науково-практичній проблематиці застосування сидератів. Визначено необхідність застосування стратегії використання сидератів конкретним господарством в силу комплексності питання та розгалуженості впливів застосування сидератів. Виділено ключові економічні ефекти застосування сидератів. Сформовано підхід до дослідження економічної ефективності сидератів, що ґрунтується на якісному методі дослідження, що набув форми опитувальника з подальшим узагальненням отриманих результатів в рамках аналітичного інструментарію Mind Map. Дослідження може бути корисним профільним дослідникам, експертам і аналітикам аграрної сфери, сільгоспвиробникам різного розміру, профільним агрокомпаніям, галузевим асоціаціям, органам державної та місцевої влади. Перспективами майбутніх досліджень є поглиблений аналіз застосування сидератів за напрямом агро-еколого-економічну впливу, а також розгляд ефективності застосування сидератів у різних кейсах, виходячи з властивостей ґрунту конкретного господарства та особливостей його бізнес-задач і цілей на ринку.

Ключові слова: сидерати; сівозміна; стратегія; якісні методи дослідження; інструмент Mind Map; стратегія застосування сидератів
Окремі підходи до розроблення управлінських технологій брендингу в аграрній сфері
Authors: Газуда Леся , Оприсок Мирослава
Published: December 2023

У статті запропоновано окремі підходи до розроблення управлінських бренд-технологій у сфері аграрного господарювання, врахування яких здійснено у процесі побудови дієвої маркетингової стратегії процесу формування і просування бренд-технологій виробництва та послуг в аграрному секторі в межах аграрного господарювання й науково-практичної діяльності Інституту аграрних ресурсів та регіонального розвитку (с. В. Бакта, Берегівський район). Зазначено, що у практиці аграрного господарювання запровадження управлінських бренд-технологій повинно базуватися на застосуванні науково обґрунтованих інноваційних підходів із задіянням вітчизняного і зарубіжного досвіду, врахуванням потреб споживачів щодо безпечних, високоякісних органічних продуктів харчування. При цьому важливим є кваліфікаційний рівень управлінського персоналу, здатного професійно мислити, застосовуючи еколого-економічні підходи до формування аграрних бренд-технологій. Вагомого значення набуває створення власного корпоративного стилю суб’єкта аграрного господарювання, здійснення цілеспрямованої рекламної кампанії, досконалого дизайну продукту, очікуваного й асоціативного сприйняття споживачем бренду. Активізації потребує процес запровадження цифрових маркетингових технологій згідно з сучасними вимогами аграрного господарювання. Необхідністю окреслюється формування системи управління організацією, яка базуватиметься на задіянні новаційних креативних брендингових ідей просування й реалізації продукції, або ж надаваних послуг суб’єктами аграрного господарювання. В умовах непередбачуваного й змінного середовища важливим є формування системи управління, діяльність якої спрямовуватиметься на забезпечення ефективних технологій брендингу в аграрній сфері, побудованих на основі врахування особливостей процесу використання аграрних ресурсів. Крім цього, важливим є формування сильної торговельної марки, що надасть господарюючому суб’єкту можливість конкурувати на ринку аграрної продукції, просувати й пропагувати вироблену продовольчу продукцію на споживчий ринок.Ключові слова: управління, розроблення технологій брендингу, аграрна сфера, креативні брендингові ідеї, органічні продукти харчування, інноваційні підходи, аграрне господарювання
Object and Subject of Cri¬minal Offenses in the Field of Use of Electronic Computers, Systems and Computer Networks and Telecommunication Networks
Authors: Zamakhin A.L
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the object and subject matter of computer criminal offenses. The purpose of the article is to study the object and subject matter of computer criminal offenses, to analyze the current state of legal regulation of computer criminal offenses, and to provide suggestions and comments to the legislation.

It is proved that due to the development of scientific and technological progress at the end of the twentieth century, a new type of social relations in the field of computer information circulation emerged in the State, which were subsequently taken under the protection of criminal law. The information security (cybersecurity) of the state has become one of the components of Ukraine's national security. Unlike other scholars, we believe that the direct object of computer criminal offenses is social relations to ensure the integrity and safety of computer information and the safe operation of information systems. The foundation of an information system is a set of information

resources in the form of computer information, computer technologies and equipment, as well as related computer infrastructure, including telecommunication networks. Not all computer information requires criminal legal protection and, accordingly, can be the subject of computer criminal offenses, so the legislator should amend the dispositions of Articles XVI of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and replace the term "information” with "information protected by law”. It seems that by limiting the ways of influencing computer information in the law, the legislator has provided opportunities to avoid criminal liability to persons who otherwise cause damage to the owners of computer information.

The complexity of protecting legal relations in the field of computer information lies not only in the evolution of technologies for its registration and transfer, but also in the evolution of legal relations themselves and the ways of influencing them. The backwardness of the articles of Section XVI of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the problems of qualification of acts under these articles which arise in modern judicial practice cannot be solved by changing the dispositions of these corpus delicti only.
Criminal liability for violation of the abortion procedure: comparative legal aspect
Authors: Kamensky D.V.
Published: December 2023

The research paper is devoted to the coverage of some pressing issues of the criminal law response to illegal abortion from the standpoint of applying the comparative research method. In particular, it has been shown that at the current stage of the development of Ukrainian law, the comparative legal method acquires a special meaning and practical significance, especially in the context of the analysis of issues of the Special Part of the Criminal Law.

Positions of domestic and foreign authors who defend the position that comparative jurisprudence, in addition to the performance of purely scientific tasks, is aimed at achieving specific practical results, in particular: 1) unification of legislation, i.e. promotion of unification of legislation of different countries in priority areas - where there is a need for a consolidated approach, particularly in the field of criminal law; 2) improvement of national legal systems - this is about developing proposals for improving national legal systems based on a critical and comprehensive study of the positive legal experience of other countries.

According to the results of the author's study of the relevant provisions of foreign legislation, there is a lack of a clearly defined and unified approach to the legal regulation of artificial termination of pregnancy. It was established that in some countries abortions may be allowed, in others they are allowed only under certain circumstances, while in others they are prohibited altogether. The thesis is expressed that the difference in approaches to the legal regulation of artificial termination of pregnancy is also reflected in different approaches to the criminal-legal protection of the rights of a pregnant woman, in particular the right to life, health, freedom and other aspects related to the performance of abortions.

Based on the research results, the author's conclusion was formulated that in order to improve the mechanism of criminal law regulation of a woman's right to abortion in Ukraine, it is scientifically and practically required to take into account the relevant experience of the countries of the European Union, primarily the Republic of Poland and the Federal Republic of Germany - this will contribute to adequate transformation and improvement of domestic legislation in the context of active European integration.
Concept and content of probation in criminal legislation
Authors: Chekmarova I.
Published: December 2023

This article is dedicated to analyzing the concept and legal nature of probation in Ukrainian criminal legislation. The study focuses on understanding probation as a form of criminal-legal influence that combines elements of punishment and opportunities for rehabilitation for the convicted. Considering the historical context and contemporary realities of criminal legislation, the author examines the evolution of the probation institute, from the release from punishment for minor crimes in the pre-revolutionary period to conditional sentencing and suspension of the sentence in independent Ukraine. Particular attention is given to the changes that occurred following the adoption of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in 2001, which marked a significant expansion of non-custodial punishments and defined new legal frameworks for probation. The article also explores various legal interpretations and scientific approaches to defining the essence of probation, emphasizing its ambiguity and complexity. The article analyzes the concept of «probation» in the context of criminal legislation, taking into account the perspectives of prominent scholars. The author aims to investigate the essence of this term, its object, and the subject of regulation in criminal legislation. It is revealed that the institution of probation in Ukraine developed less intensively compared to Western countries, with its formation commencing with the adoption of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in 2001. The article highlights the stages of the establishment and development of the probationary system in independent Ukraine, emphasizing the transition to a new approach to penalties not associated with imprisonment.

The study scrutinizes the institution of criminal law in Ukraine - release from punishment and its serving, particularly in the context of conditional releases. Section XII of the Criminal Code of Ukraine examines various forms of release. Special attention is given to conditional releases linked to the fulfillment of specific requirements during the probationary period. The article elucidates the procedure for applying release from punishment with probation, emphasizing the role of the court and the obligations of the convicted individual. It notes that different human rights advocates have different interpretations of the term «probation.»
The structure of criminal procedural proving in court proceedings in the first instance
Authors: Dankova S.O.
Published: December 2023

In the article the author emphasizes that the process of proving during the pre-trial investigation and in the court proceedings is significantly different, which is naturally determined by the tasks, conditions, and features of these stages of the process. Proving at the stage of pre-trial investigation is characterized by practical activities aimed at actively searching for factual data, while in court proceedings the emphasis shifts to logical and mental activities related to their research, arguments, persuasion, and justification of decisions. The article supports the concept of distinguishing pretrial and judicial evidence, as they are formed in different procedural conditions. It is proposed to distinguish four elements in the structure of criminal procedural proving in court proceedings in the first instance: 1) formation of evidence; 2) research of evidence; 3) evaluation of evidence; 4) use of evidence. The organizing role in the formation of the evidence base is played by the court, which must ensure the opportunity for the parties of criminal proceedings, other participants to submit materials that have evidentiary value, to submit a request to summon persons to a court session for questioning, to perform other procedural actions. The opinion is supported that the formation of criminal proceedings materials (evidence base) should be carried out in preparatory proceedings. It has been established that not every proceeding carries out an research of evidence - it is absent in the case when the court recognizes the inexpediency of the research of evidence regarding circumstances that are not disputed by anyone, simplified proceedings regarding criminal misdemeanours and proceedings based on agreements. Participants of criminal proceedings use evidence in different ways: the parties and other participants of the proceedings use evidence to justify their legal position both in the proceedings as a whole and in relation to individual issues to be resolved; the court puts them in the basis of the court decision, justifying it. In view of the proposed structure, the author's definition of criminal procedural proving in court proceedings in the first instance is presented.
Regulatory and Legal Support of International Nuclear Law
Authors: Les I.O.
Published: December 2023

Between the first regulatory and legal development of international nuclear law in 1957 and modern achievements, three main stages of this process can be distinguished.

The first period of development of international nuclear law corresponds to the period of development of nuclear energy and guarantees of its peaceful use by all non-nuclear weapon states. This dual purpose was legally confirmed by the establishment of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 1957 and the entry into force of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in 1970.

The first stage in the development of international nuclear law was complemented by a second growth phase aimed at increasing collective resilience to the dangers of nuclear energy. The Three Mile Island accident in 1979 and especially the Chernobyl disaster in 1986 triggered intense regulatory activity aimed at preventing nuclear accidents and better managing their consequences on an international scale.

As a result, several international conventions have been adopted in this area: The Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident and the Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency, the Convention on Nuclear Safety and the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management.

Unlike the first-generation nuclear nonpro­liferation treaties, these norms do not violate the essential sovereignty of the states parties. By merging binding provisions and flexible legislation, a cooperative system was created for flexible and decentralized management of nuclear activities on an international scale.

The third stage of the development of inter­national nuclear law, in which we are currently located, is characterized by both negative and positive elements.

On the negative side, there are problems that affect the effectiveness of international nuclear law. The most alarming issue in this area is the independence of nuclear regulatory authorities in several countries, although it is regulated by Article 8 of the Convention on Nuclear Safety and Article 20 of the Joint Convention on Nuclear Safety.
Justice under the Rule of Law as an Object of Knowledge of Domestic Jurisprudence
Authors: Pekarchuk A.V.
Published: December 2023

The judiciary plays an important role in a democratic, law-based state. The independent judiciary is responsible for handling cases, resolving conflicts and evaluating the compliance of laws with the constitution, and also guarantees human rights and freedoms by controlling the legality of actions of other branches of state power. And this factor determines the relevance of research. The existence and effective functioning of the judiciary and the rule of law are key aspects of any modern democracy.

The purpose of the article is to cover justice under the rule of law as an object of knowledge in domestic jurisprudence.

It is proposed to classify scientific sources, covering certain aspects of the administration of justice under the rule of law, into three groups.

The first group of such sources consists of scientific papers, the subject of which is the organization and functioning of judicial authorities. The papers of this group clear up the provisions characterizing the court and justice: the organizational structure of the judicial system; appointment procedures and requirements for the qualification of judges; mechanisms of interaction with other branches of power; judicial process and guarantees of citizens' rights; effectiveness and reforms of the judicial system, etc.

The second group of sources consists of scientific papers, the subject of research of which is the rule of law. The requirements of the rule of law to a large extent concern the judiciary and fair justice determining the isolation of this group of sources.

Researches in this field help to understand how the rule of law affects judiciary, the role of the judicial system in providing it, and how this principle contributes to stability, justice, and abidance by law in society.

The third group of sources consists of scientific papers, the subject of study of which is the determination of directions for improving the activities of the judiciary under the rule of law. These studies can serve as a basis for developing strategies for reforms and improvements in the judicial system with the aim of bringing it closer to high standards of the rule of law and meeting the exigencies of society.

It is summarized that numerous scientific studies of the problems of the judiciary and the rule of law lay a solid foundation for the further development of the relevant provisions in order to strengthen the effectiveness of the judiciary. However, the indicated problems require systematic study, taking into account the need to improve social standards.
Settlement agreement in civil and economic proceedings: a comparative aspect of research
Authors: Lazur Yа.V. , Zaborovskyy V.V. , Cherevko P.P.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to a comparative legal study of the institution of a settlement agreement in the fields of civil procedural and economic procedural law.

The significance of the settlement agreement in civil and economic processes is highlighted. It is stated that when concluding and approving a settlement agreement, the parties independently choose a way out of the conflict situation, and the court is freed from the obligation to consider the merits of the case for which proceedings have already been opened. The settlement agreement encourages the parties to voluntarily fulfill their obligations, reducing the burden on enforcement agencies. Therefore, the right to conclude a settlement agreement in civil and commercial proceedings is an important procedural tool that contributes to the successful protection of the rights and interests of the parties to the dispute, as well as relieves the court's work in considering court cases.

A comparison of the normative and legal regulation of the settlement agreement by the norms of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine and the Economic Procedure Code of Ukraine is carried out. The purpose of the settlement agreement, the entities that have the right to conclude it, the procedure for approving the settlement agreement by the court, the caveats regarding the impossibility of concluding a settlement agreement and the procedural consequences generated by the settlement agreement are studied. The uniformity of the regulation of the specified issues by both procedural codes is noted.

The changes related to the implementation of peace agreements are analyzed and the position of the legislator to equally solve the existing problems in this area is approved, since enforcement proceedings act as a common procedure for court cases of many court jurisdictions.

On the other hand, the peculiarity of the regulation of the settlement agreement in economic proceedings, compared to civil proceedings, is noted. Attention is paid to the settlement agreement concluded in the bankruptcy case, which, although it is considered according to the rules of legal proceedings, nevertheless differs in its uniqueness, which affects the possibilities of closing the proceedings according to the concluded settlement agreement.

It is concluded that the norms regulating the settlement agreement in the civil and economic process, despite minor differences, are included in the institute, which has an interdisciplinary nature. The similar nature of its legal norms requires unified management through the coordinated application of changes to the legal system by the legislator.
Regime of joint community property of spouses in Ukraine: need to implement foreign experience
Authors: Fursa S.Ya. , Fursa Ye.I.
Published: December 2023

This article is dedicated to historical aspects of the emergence of joint property of spouses and its contractual settlement (paragraph 1), the norms of the Marriage and Family Code (hereinafter - the Code of Marriage and Family) may also be applied to certain legal relationships. Yes, the Code of Marriage and Family lost its validity on 01.01.2004 and the Family Code entered into force, but those material marital relations that arose before 2004 must be regulated according to the norms of legislation that were in force at that time. Therefore, to the relations of spouses who acquired property before 2004 and continued to acquire it after 2004, both the Code of Marriage and Family the Family Code should be applied accordingly.

Other normative acts may be applied to regulate family relations, which may specify specific features of the regulation of spouses' rights to certain objects. In particular, such acts are: the Land Code of Ukraine, Laws of Ukraine «On Privatization of the State Housing Fund», «On Farming», etc. The formulated concept «spousal property regime» means the legal position that property occupies in relation to the rights and interests in it of each of the spouses. In Ukraine, the following regimes of property ownership of spouses are distinguished: personal private ownership of property by each of the spouses; - joint joint ownership of property by spouses; - joint partial ownership of property by spouses.

The essence of the regime of joint joint ownership of spouses (item 2), ways of division and disposing of joint joint property to the spouses (paragraph 3), marriage contract: grounds for conclusion (paragraph 4), marriage and family agreement in Ukraine and the need to borrow foreign experience (paragraph 4.1.).
Peculiarities of the use of home and remote forms of labor during the legal regime of martial law
Authors: Kuznetsova M. , Avramenko D.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the definition and characteristics of the peculiarities of the use of home and remote forms of labor during the legal regime of martial law. Each of them provides a number of significant advantages that are of great value in modern conditions and really contribute to the satisfaction of the urgent economic interests of society. The implementation of such forms on a large scale will have a positive effect on the economic security component. The importance of maximum use of the potential of labor legislation in matters of population employment is emphasized. Emphasis is placed on the need to find a balance between the physical ability to perform work functions and avoiding most of the consequences of a full-scale invasion. Based on this, attention has been focused on the need to actively use home and remote forms of activity in view of the economic exhaustion of the country and the need to satisfy the personal needs of citizens, including the maintenance of close relatives, family members and other persons. Considered, analyzed and compared home-based and remote forms of labor through the prism of national legislation. Attention is focused on their

key aspects (place of work, wages, rest time, scope of labor rights of employees, belonging to equipment, materials or other resources necessary for the performance of the relevant activity, etc.). The legislation regulating the use of home and remote forms of labor activity during the legal regime of martial law is analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the remote form of work organization are highlighted. It was concluded that the peculiarities of home and remote work mainly relate to the place of work, the term and form of the employment contract, as well as the distribution of working time. There was also a transformation of the legal regulation of working hours and rest of employees, including changes in the establishment of the starting and ending hours of work, an increase in the duration of working hours.
Individual labor disputes: certain issues of resolution
Authors: Kuznetsova M. , Katana B. , Lytiuha A.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the actual issues of individual labor dispute resolution. In particular, the author draws attention to the fact that in connection with the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, quite a large number of workers found themselves in a situation of forced migration, and some enterprises remained in temporarily occupied territories or faced the problem of the impossibility of relocation, which causes problems in the normal development of labor relations between the employee and the employer.

An analysis of the current labor legislation and the existing approaches in the legal literature regarding the procedure for resolving individual labor disputes was carried out.

The author highlighted the following reasons for labor disputes, including reduction of the main staff, changes in existing working conditions, dissatisfaction of the employee with the existing level of remuneration and others, in particular, and the martial law, which caused a number of reasons that impact on the occurrence of labor disputes - suspension of labor relations, the relocation of enterprises from the occupied territories and the impossibility of ensuring the safety of workers, downtime. These obstacles cause the problems in the relationship between the employer and the employee, resulting in the employees being forced to defend their rights.

Conclusions were made by the author that, to date, the labor legislation of Ukraine ensures the implementation of the right to protect the rights of employees in individual labor relations in the pre­trial (commissions on labor disputes and through mediation) and the judicial procedure. It should be noted that an attempt was made by the legislator to regulate labor relations during the legal regime of martial law by adopting the Law of Ukraine «On the Organization of Labor Relations in the Conditions of Martial Law», but it did not define the issues related to the resolution of individual labor disputes, as well as the practice of its application provisions to date is ambiguous, which is confirmed by a number of court cases.
Legal opinion of the Supreme Court as a source of judicial lawmaking
Authors: Bernaziuk O.O.
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the modern concept of legal opinion of the Supreme Court as a source of judicial law-making. The author reviewed scientific approaches to understanding the place and role of court precedent in general and its presence in the legal system of Ukraine. It has been clarified which features of the legal position of the Supreme Court give it the properties of a judicial precedent, and also the ever-increasing importance of knowledge and use of the legal positions of the Supreme Court in the activities of all civil servants, lawyers, as well as representatives of other professions who apply the relevant norms in their work has been proven legislation.

It has been proven that the legal opinion of the Supreme Court is the result of judicial law­making. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the author concluded that judicial law-making in modern conditions is gaining weight, although it remains a very debatable issue. It is argued that judicial law-making should be considered in broad and narrow senses. It was found that in a broad sense, judicial law-making is the formation of conclusions by courts of all instances during the administration of justice in order to eliminate gaps in legislative regulation in the absence of a law regulating disputed legal relations. It is proved that in a narrow sense, judicial law-making is the law-making of the Supreme Court, the result of which is the formation of a judicial precedent (legal opinion).

The author substantiates the opinion that the binding of courts during the consideration of a case by a specific way of applying the rule of law, determined in the decisions of the courts of cassation instance (court precedents) in similar legal relations, applies not only to the system of common law, but also to the states belonging to the continental systems of law. It has been proven that the binding nature of the Supreme Court's conclusions for courts of all instances should be based on the necessary balance between the independence of judges and ensuring the unity and stability of judicial practice.
Guarantees of protection of personal data of conscripts during their use in state registers for military registration
Authors: Boyko B.V.
Published: December 2023

It is indicated that the guarantees of protection of personal data of conscripts are a system of conditions, principles, legal and organizational means established by law, which ensure the protection of information or a set of information about a person-conscript, who is identified or can be specifically identified for the purpose of implementation by such persons constitutional rights and freedoms in legal relations arising during mobilization training and/or mobilization.

The author emphasized that the need to make operational and immediate decisions significantly reduces the potential of the principle of scientificity, the observance and consideration of which is important on the way to the development of the most optimal solution. In particular, in such a difficult situation, in which vital decisions have to be made, quite natural questions arise in the area of timeliness, adequacy of such decisions, their compliance with the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. In the author's opinion, one of the similar issues is the search for ways to ensure the protection of personal data of conscripts during their use in state registers for military registration.

Legal and organizational ways aimed at ensuring the protection of personal data of conscripts and other persons during their receipt, processing and use by electronic register tools are proposed, in particular: amend the draft law aimed at avoiding the exchange of data between state registers and their owners and administrators as such, which contradicts the Constitution and laws of Ukraine; clearly define the list of persons (as well as the professional requirements for them) with the right of access to the electronic register in order to reduce the negative impact of the so-called human factor of illegal use or "negligent leakage” of personal data from the register's information bases; by analogy with positive foreign experience, publish certificates and detailed technical information (including the source code) of the corresponding software product, which should confirm the high technical level of protection of the electronic information and telecommunications system; provide for administrative and criminal liability for illegal receipt, distribution and use of personal data of conscripts and other persons, illegal interference in the work of the electronic register, etc.
Methodological approaches to the study of the legislative foundations of the organization and functioning of the system of alternative ways of resolving public legal disputes and conflicts
Authors: Stebelev A.M.
Published: December 2023

The article states that the sphere of resolving public-law disputes and conflicts is insufficiently regulated and indicates that it requires further adoption of relevant legislative acts or amendments to current acts in this area. At the same time, it is noted that within the limits of improving the legislative regulation of the organization and functioning of the integrated system, the use of alternative methods of solving public-law disputes and conflicts should be based on a number of methodological dominants. Among them, it should be highlighted that there is an objective lag of the legislator from the needs of the dynamic development of social relations. In the sphere of formation of a complete system of alternative ways of solving public-law disputes and conflicts, this state of affairs is especially inherent, since there is a significant dynamic formation of new ways, rules, techniques, forms and methods of dispute resolution. In addition, a complex system formation that includes a set of various alternative ways of resolving public-law disputes and conflicts is currently not fully developed from the point of view of scientific research, each of the ways (forms, methods) of which has its own specificity, which needs its own a special approach to legislative regulation. At the same time, the application of innovative approaches, which are essentially those implemented within the framework of the system of alternative ways of resolving public-law disputes and conflicts, also require a corresponding approach to the application of the latest rules and techniques of legal (legislative) technology. Within the limits of legislative regulation, it should be taken into account that the institution of alternative methods of solving public-law disputes and conflicts is not an invention of the domestic legal system, but instead arose and found its active development in foreign countries.

It has been established that today there is insufficient regulation of the sphere of solving public­law disputes and conflicts. In this regard, it requires the further adoption of relevant legislative acts, or the introduction of changes to the current acts in this area. But at the same time, it is necessary to proceed from the need to observe a number of methodological approaches and key dominants regarding the improvement of the legislative regulation of the organization and the functioning of a holistic system of applying alternative methods of solving public-law disputes and conflicts.
Problems of Implementing Inclusive Education in Public Schools of St. Petersburg
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Fedorova Ekaterina D.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the implementation of inclusive school education in non-state schools on the example of St. Petersburg. Inclusive education involves teaching children with special educational needs in general educa-tion institutions together with their peers without any barriers. The article analyzes the problems faced by non-state educational institutions in the implementation of inclusive education in St. Petersburg, including: difficul-ties in integrating a “special” child into the communication space of peers, lack of opportunities for emotional relaxation of children, lack of specialized equipment, etc. A number of recommendations are offered to im-prove the situation by strengthening support from external organizations, improving the qualifications of teach-ers and creating specialized programs and methodological support. The result of the study is to identify the main problems and prospects for the development of inclusive education in non-state schools, taking into ac-count the specific situation in St. Petersburg.
State Organization: A Subjective Social “Construct” or a Real Social Object?
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Buchenkov Dmitry E.
Published: December 2023

The author criticizes the opinion that “the state organization exists only in the minds of people”. The author be-lieves that the state official is an elementary, indivisible unit of the state. The state official is a formalized social role. The social roles exist objectively, the state official exists objectively, and hence the state organization ex-ists objectively. At the same time, the point of view “to exist objectively” is not an intersubjective construction, otherwise we will come to the anti-realism (the collective solipsism). The author analyzes the following points of view on the nature of social roles: Ralph Linton: “social roles are a transpersonal objective phenomenon”; Tal-cott Parsons: “the social role is a methodological construction”; Berger P. and Lukman T.: “social roles are an institutional phenomenon”; J. Moreno: “social roles exist in the psyche”. The author substantiates the point of view that a state organization is a real social object, and not an intersubjective “social construct”.
Factors Influencing the Educational Migration of Syrian Youth
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Halabi Diana
Published: December 2023

This article is a study of the factors influencing the educational migration of Syrian youth. Given the difficult socio-political situation in Syria, young people face a variety of challenges that affect their decision to explore educational opportunities outside the country. Key factors such as political instability, economic difficulties, quality of education, access to educational resources, societal and cultural aspects are analyzed. The results of the study will help to better understand the dynamics of educational migration among Syrian youth, and provide a basis for developing strategies and support programs to ensure access to quality education in the context of migration and integration into new educational environments. The authors provide forecasts and recommenda-tions based on the results of the study in order to better understand the dynamics of educational migration among Syrian youth and develop support strategies aimed at ensuring access to quality education in conditions of migration and successful integration into new educational environments.
Conditions for the Development of Markets for Personal Services of Rural Municipalities
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Eliseeva Aleksandra A. , Dvoryadkina Elena B. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: December 2023

The relevance of considering the regional personal services market as a component of the regional consumer services market plays an indisputable role for the development of economic growth in rural areas, as well as for the development of the rural infrastructure services market. The article is devoted to the identification of re-gional conditions for the development of personal services markets of rural municipalities. The subject of the study is socio-economic relations arising in the economic space of rural municipalities and directly affecting the markets of personal services, their development. The methodological basis of the study is presented on the basis of a systematic approach that allows identifying local markets for personal services of rural municipalities as a component of the regional consumer market. The article presents an analysis involving the disclosure of strengths and weaknesses, as well as prospects (opportunities) and threats affecting the markets of personal services of rural municipalities localized in the Sverdlovsk region. A methodology for analyzing local markets of personal services of rural municipalities has been developed, which includes a number of stages. The condi-tions for the development of local personal services markets in the context of rural municipalities of the Sverd-lovsk region are determined on the basis of SWOT analysis.