bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intervenciones psicológicas en la ONCE durante la crisis de la covid-19
Authors: González García L. , Pallero González R.
Published: July 2021

Este artículo revisa las intervenciones realizadas por los profesionales de la psicología de la ONCE durante la crisis de la covid-19. Se expone en qué consistieron esas intervenciones, y se analizan su incidencia y sus resultados. Las intervenciones psicológicas fueron tanto personales y directas como psicoeducativas, tanto telepsicológicas como presenciales, tanto individuales como grupales, tanto con adultos como con niños y adolescentes y sus familias. Desde marzo a julio de 2020, la mayoría de las intervenciones se realizaron en la modalidad de telepsicología, combinando la atención por videoconferencia con la atención por teléfono. En lo que a las intervenciones por videoconferencia se refiere, seis de cada diez se realizaron con personas de entre 30 y 60 años, en gran medida porque los menores de 30 años no fueron objetivo preferente de intervención, y porque los mayores de 60 años presentan una baja competencia digital. De modo complementario, durante ese período se pusieron a disposición de los profesionales de la psicología y de los afiliados diversos materiales de tipo psicoeducativo, como documentos, vídeos, archivos multimedia…, en los que se ofrecían orientaciones para hacer frente a la situación. La telepsicología, que justo antes de la irrupción de la covid-19 se empezaba a implantar en la ONCE, se ha convertido en una vía más de intervención, habiendo experimentado un crecimiento exponencial a lo largo del año 2020. Debemos estar atentos a que este incremento del uso de la telepsicología, especialmente de la realizada por videoconferencia, no deje al margen a las personas con menos destrezas en el manejo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación. Tanto en el caso de las intervenciones psicológicas como en el de las psicoeducativas, sería importante poder conocer su incidencia y el valor que le atribuyen sus usuarios.
Cómo han vivido la pandemia las personas con discapacidad visual durante la primera y segunda ola: sus preocupaciones y su estado anímico
Authors: Dabbagh Rollán Víctor Omar
Published: July 2021

La crisis provocada por la covid-19 ha afectado a todas las personas, pero no a todas por igual. Así mismo, muchos son los ámbitos sobre los que se pueden ver los efectos que ha provocado esta pandemia. En este artículo se presenta parte de los resultados de un estudio más amplio que se llevó a cabo a finales de 2020 por parte de la ONCE y que tenía por objetivo analizar los efectos de la covid-19 entre las personas con discapacidad visual afiliadas a la ONCE. En concreto, se presentan las principales conclusiones extraídas del análisis realizado sobre cómo la pandemia, durante la primera y segunda ola, ha afectado al estado anímico de las personas con ceguera o deficiencia visual, así como las principales preocupaciones de estas durante este periodo; preocupaciones y estados anímicos que, aunque son coincidentes con los de la población en general, adquieren matices importantes a tener en cuenta, matices en cuanto a frecuencia, intensidad e implicaciones derivadas de los mismos.
Relationship between Tobacco Smoking And Dental Fear Among Adolescents of 15-18 Year Age in Pakistan
Authors: Amin G. , Nawaz M.. S. , Ikram A. M. , Shaikh G. M. , Afridi J. I. , Ehsan A. , Tariq A.
Published: July 2021

Aim: To assess the relationship between dental fear and smoking among adolescents of 15-18 year of age in Pakistan Method: This study was a prospective crossectional survey design which was conducted in Lahore. After taking permission from the school’s head, data was collected from the male students of grade 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th using questionnaire and later on one of their parents was approached to fill the questionnaire. For this purpose, only one school was targeted. Sample size was of 200 participants whereas parents of all the student participants participated in the study. Results: The results of chi-square revealed that dental fear was quite high among male students, occasional use of tobacco, and use of mouthwash minimum thrice a day. It was also found that students of those parents whose occupational level was low reported higher dental fear. Conclusion: It was found that adolescent male students were found to have more dental fear who smoke tobacco as compared to those who do not smoke. It is important to ask about smoking habits as well as dental fear when examining oral health maintenance of adolescents. Keywords: Smoking, Tobacco, Adolescents, Dental fear
Comparison of Postoperative Mean Morphine Consumption in patients given Preoperative Gabapentin and Placebo undergoing Major Laparotomies for Lower Abdomen and Pelvis
Authors: Iqbal T. , Farooqi R. , Mehmood M. S. , Bhatti Z. Y. , Liaquat F.
Published: July 2021

Aim: Comparison of postoperative mean morphine consumption in patients given preoperative gabapentin and placebo undergoing major laparotomies for lower abdomen and pelvis. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Setting: Anaesthesia department, Hameed Latif hospital, Lahore Duration: Six months i.e. 20-04-2008 to 21-10-2008 Methods: 150 patients having major laparotomies were divided in group I i.e. 75 subjects with multivitamins as control and group II i.e.75 patients with Gabapentin. The two groups were compared for the consumption dose of opioid analgesia, postoperatively. Student’s t test was applied and p<0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The mean dose of tramadol consumed by the patients in group I was 43.6±18.9 mg and in group II was 14.7±5.7 mg. Conclusions: Preoperative use of Gabapentin before laparotomies reduces the morphine usage postoperatively. Keywords: Gabapentin; postoperative analgesia; morphine consumption:
Socio-Economic Challenges in Childhood Cancer Care in a Low-Middle-Income Country
Authors: Ahmad A. , Anjum A. , Hussain M. , Rasul A. A. , Mushtaq A. , Ahmad A. S.
Published: July 2021

Background: Each year, it is estimated that over 200 000 children and adolescents are diagnosed with cancer, and 80% of these reside in low-middle-income countries, with 90% mortality. There are enormous psychosocial needs of these patients, families, and care-givers, which are primarily affected by the communities' social, economic, cultural, and religious factors. Aim: To elucidate the significant psychosocial and socio-economic issues faced by the caregivers of children suffering from different types of cancer at the Children's Hospital Lahore. Study design: Prospective cohort study Place and duration of study: Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Lahore Pakistan from 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018 Methodology: Two hundred family members/caregivers of the patients were enrolled with ages ranging from <1 to 15 years (43% <5 years and 57% >5years old). Results: Male to female ratio was 1.2:1. 52% belonged to hematological malignancies and 48% from solid tumor groups. Most of these children had malnutrition with anemia (81% with Hb <10g%) and small weight forage in 63% cases at presentation. 80% of families had more than three children, with the youngest child being less than five years in 75%. 95% of families relied on public transport, with 65% of them traveling 100-500Km with 2-10 hours duration to reach the primary treatment center. 80% had a monthly income of less than USD150. 68% of these families had to borrow money for trip to hospital (p-Value=0.003), and 58% took a loan for treatment course. Conclusion: The significant socio-economic challenges faced by these families and caregivers included large family size with low incomes increasing their financial difficulties, logistic burden like traveling long distances to access health care, and parental employment and family dynamics disruptions. Keywords: Socioeconomic Challenges, Childhood Cancer, Low-Middle-Income Countries
Bacterial Vaginosis and its Relation with Sociodemographic Determinants in married reproductive age females
Authors: Mukhtar R. , Rehman A. U.- , Ilyas A. , Khan M. J. , Liaqat R. , Khan G. A.
Published: July 2021

Aim: To determine the frequency of Bacterial vaginosis by pap smear cytology and find its association with its sociodemographic determinants. Study design: Cross sectional analytical study Place and duration of study: Department of Histopathology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2016 to 31st October 2016. Methodology: Two hundred and sixty pap smears of married women of reproductive age group with vaginal discharge who attended Gynecology OPD were included. Proper history regarding age, socioeconomic status, age of marriage, literacy level, smoking, and nutritional status was taken. Results: Disease prevalence was found to be 19.2%(50)in this sample of 260 while 9.1% had Candidiasis, 47%, 17.2% ,3.7%, 4.1% had Mild nonspecific inflammation, Moderate nonspecific inflammation, Moderate to severe nonspecific inflammation, and negative smears respectively. Bacterial vaginosis was associated with age, monthly income, illiteracy, early age at marriage, history of abortion and nutritional status with significant p-value ≤ 0.05. However no association was found between the disease and marital status, smoking and pallor. Conclusion: Low socioeconomic status, literacy, age >35, nutritional status is strongly related to occurrence of bacterial vaginosis in women of reproductive age group with vaginal discharge. Key Words: Bacterial vaginosis, Pap smear, Sociodemographic determinants
Age and Gender-Based Differences in Covid-19 Clinical Features and Management: A cross sectional study
Authors: Masud R. , Anwar M. Z. , Gardezi S.A. A. , Rehman M. , Rafique I. , Asad A. , Hashmi M.R.I. , Shoaib S. , Hashmi S. N. , Laique T.
Published: July 2021

Background: The whole world is facing one of the biggest health related disaster (COVID-19) of the century. Aim: To identify age and gender-based differences in Covid-19 clinical features and its management among patients at government hospitals, Pakistan. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: This study with enrolled subjects (n=206) was carried out after ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval at Life Diabetes Centre, Gujrat and CMH Kharian Medical College (CKMC), over a period of 3 months, Kharian-Pakistan. Both male and female medical subjects were enrolled. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 17. Parameters like age, gender and treatment taken were presented as frequency. Chi square was applied to see the correlation with p-value <0.05 as significant. Results: Total 206 patients were randomly selected, 89 male and 117 females. Among 206, patients (n=133) showed symptoms while rest of the patients (73) remained asymptomatic. There was no association of age and gender with COVID-19 symptoms having P-value greater than 0.05. There was a significant association between treatments given was significantly related with age having P-value (0.006*). Conclusion: We concluded that there was no strong association between age and gender-based differences in Covid-19 clinical features; this could be due to small sample size. Keywords: Covid-19, Age, Treatment and Gender.
Assessment of Violence as Cause of Death Affecting Both Genders: Hidden View
Authors: Tariq F. , Sarwar S. , Sadia S. , Mukhtar K. , Nadeem S. , Rehman H. , Laique T.
Published: July 2021

Background: Autopsy can lead to the cause of death most accurately in both natural as well as unnatural deaths. Aim: To determine the correlation between gender and different parameters like cause of death, region involved and manner of death seen on autopsies in government hospitals of Pakistan. Study design: Retrospective study. Methodology: Patients (n=186) were enrolled in present study held at Forensic department, Sheikh Zaid Hospital, Rahim-yar Khan-Pakistan. Cases were included irrespective of gender in present study. Data analyzed by SPSS 22.0v. Results: Males were 67.9% while females were 32.1% in present study. Among these 186 cases of autopsy, manner of death was homicidal in 83(44.6%) autopsies, accidental in 49(26.3%) and suicidal deaths was in 54(29%). There was no correlation between gender & cause of death by weapon. There was correlation between gender & manner of death. There was correlation between area & cause of death by weapon. Conclusion: This study concluded that mostly males of our population were involved in medico-legal cases and criminal activities. Major cause of death remained to be firearms. Gender was correlated with manner of death but not related with cause of death by weapon. However, government needs to play its due role in-order to stop criminal acts through law enforcement. Keywords: Autopsy, Audit, Manner of Death and Cause of Death.
Awareness of Nurses Regarding Culturally Competent Care in Hospitals of Punjab: Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Perveen T. , Shahnaz S. , . Zarniga , Anwar N. .B. , Zia T. , Latif W. , Laique T.
Published: July 2021

Background: Nursing profession is one of the professions which is continuously developing and uniformly acclimatizing to not only new medical treatments and expansions but also adapting the socio-cultural norms and expectations. Aim: To analyze the level of nurses’ awareness regarding culturally competent care in three selected hospitals of Punjab. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: Study setting was public hospitals of Punjab-Pakistan after ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval. Data was collected from nurses (n=133) by using self-administered questionnaire that was adapted from cultural awareness assessment tool. They were selected from three hospitals through non-probability convenient sampling technique. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed by using SPSS version-20. To summarize the results, mean ± SD, frequencies, percentages and graphs were used. Results: Overall average score of cultural competence was 24.31 ± 3.457 which was on the lower side. Scores of Muzaffar Garh nurses was statistically significantly higher than both hospitals (p-value <0.001). This variation is due to years of experience (4-6 years) of nurses in Muzaffar Garh. Perhaps, comparatively long period of experience made them aware of the cultural practices of the people. Conclusion: We concluded that frequent and long-term interaction of nurses with patient which may help nurses in developing understanding of client’s culture because novice nurses are not able to understand point of view of the patients with diverse culture as they are not prepared to deal with the problems of cultural diversity. Keywords: Nursing Profession, Cultural Norms, Trans-cultural Nursing Care and Awareness.
An Audit Of Wheat Pill Poisoning In A Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retroscpective Study
Authors: Sadia S. , Naheed K. , Tariq F. , Ghani M. I. , Zarif P. , Rafiq A , Laique T
Published: July 2021

Background: Wheatpill is a commonly used suicide drug in developing countries. Due to the easy availability, this drug has played a great role for those people who commit suicide due to various reasons. Aim: To investigate different features such as (Age, Gender, Education, Marital status, Treatment, Location) of all those people who deliberately self-harm by using aluminium phosphide. Study design: Retrospective study. Methodology: Patients (n=83) were enrolled at Teaching Medical Unit, DHQ Teaching Hospital, Sargodha, Pakistan from January 2019 to December 2019 in present study and study tools were age, gender, marital status, educational status, time of arrival, number of days stayed in a hospital, treatment and outcome. Cases were included irrespective of gender. Data analyzed by SPSS 22.0v. Results: Among them 42 are men and 41 were women. 77% of the patients were under 40 years of age and despite taking advantage of all available treatment options, the mortality rate was up to 83% which indicates severe consequences after taking Aluminium Phosphide. Conclusion: This study concluded that this particular aspect of pesticide poisoning was almost exclusively a concern of the developing world where aluminum phosphide was a commonly used and easily available rodenticide. Agricultural activities were undertaken in remote rural areas, which most often lack health-care facilities. Death resulted from cardiogenic shock and hypotension. Keywords: Gender, educational status, time of arrival and treatment efficacy.
Association Of Acne Vulgaris With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome In Patients Visiting UOL Teaching Hospital
Authors: Malik A. , Kazmi S. A H.
Published: July 2021

Background: Polycystic syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in the world affecting 8% of women. The main characters of PCOS are enlarged ovaries, chronic ovulation, menstrual cycles disturbance, androgen overdose, and insulin resistance leading to acne, hirsutism, and reproductive problems. Acne is a quite common dermatological condition in daily practice. Aim: To determine the association of acne vulgaris with polycystic ovarian syndrome in patients visiting the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Dermatology Outpatient Department, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital Lahore from March 2019 to March 2020. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study from March 2019 to March 2020 conducted at the Dermatology Out-patient Department, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. All patients between the ages of 18 and 40, with acne vulgaris were included in the study. After obtaining informed consent, 101 women with acne vulgaris in I-IV (Indian stages), between the ages of 18-40 years, presented in the Department of Dermatology, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, from March 2019 to March 2020, were selected for the study. Pregnant females, lactating mothers, and women on hormonal treatment (oral contraceptives or injections) were excluded from the study. A history of acne, oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, seborrhea, alopecia, acanthosis nigricans infertility, obesity and amenorrhea were taken. Weight and height were measured to calculate BMI. Data were collected in a special statistically tool and analyzed using SPSS-25. Results: A total of 101 women were examined having acne vulgaris issue. A total of 101 female were assessed and having history of acne vulgaris. Out of this, 33 were 18–23 years old, while 24 (23.4%) have ages 24–28 years. There were 18 (17.8%) patients who have 29–33 years old. while 38–40 years were 10 (9.9%) years old. Irregular menstrualcycle was reported 34.6% of the study population. As Perth WHO criteria, only 17% of the participants had BMI in normal weight range. The proportion of women, who were overweight and obese were 50.4% and 32.6% in the study population. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris has been identified as a serious skin disease found in all age groups. PCOS is more common among women with acne and obesity is a major risk factor for PCOS.
Frequency of Postherpetic Neuralgia In Herpes Zoster Patients
Authors: Malik A. , Jang F. F , Moosa M. , Iqbal A. , Hassan S. A. A. , Malik A.
Published: July 2021

Aim: To estimate the incidence ofpostherpetic neuralgia after being infected by herpes zoster virus. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted in Sharif Medical & Dental College, Lahore from August 2019 to August 2020. Methodology: A number of 126 patients was included in this research who had history of herpes zoster. Demographic information, medical diagnosis, treatment and symptoms were included in the data collected. Patients with unclear diagnosis regarding herpes zoster were not included in this study. From patient’s history, we comprehended the number of patients who developed postherpetic neuralgia after herpes zoster. Severity of pain was judged by the medications prescribed to the patients. Risk factors like age, gender, co-morbidity and localization were also analyzed. We used multivariate logistic regression to analyze potential risk factors. Risk factors were analyzed in order to determine the frequency of postherpetic neuralgia in herpes zoster patients extensively. This gave us a better idea about postherpetic neuralgia occurrence. Results: Percentage of patients developing postherpetic neuralgia after one month of herpes zoster was 12.7% for age group 50-60. For age group 75-85, this percentage increased up to 26.8%. Neuralgia with severe pain persisted from 9 to 12 months. Mostly patients suffered mild to moderate pain up till 8 months. Patients with ophthalmic localization had 7.6% more chance of developing postherpetic neuralgia than the patients with no localization, after one month of herpes zoster. So, did the patients with co-morbidity. Conclusion: As the results show, postherpetic neuralgia in herpes zoster patients is a frequently occurring condition. The incidence of postherpetic neuralgia increases with age. As the age increases, so does the chance of postherpetic neuralgia in herpes zoster patients. Ophthalmic localization and co-morbidity, i.e. diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis, are also related to high prevalence of postherpetic neuralgia. Female population also tend to get more postherpetic neuralgia than male population does. Keywords: Postherpetic Neuralgia, Herpes Zoster, Incidence, Risk Factors.
Vernacular names of mammals in the village of Libukhova, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine
Authors: Terletsky Volodymyr
Published: July 2021

Materials on common names of mammals used in the village of Libukhova, Lviv Oblast, were collected and summarised. The list of vernacular names of mammals used in everyday life by is compiled and presented. The specifics of the local dialect and the Boyko dialect, as well as the proper names of mammals are considered. The purpose of this work is to popularize and present to the general public the names of mammals used in this locality, which is a very small and remote village in the Carpathian Mountains. The author also aims to show the richness of the language and to identify ancient names that have survived to this day, in particular in local dialects and in the language of the older generation.
Small mammals in diet of the barn owl (Tyto alba) in the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Selyunina Zoya , Moskalenko Yuriy
Published: July 2021

The barn owl (Tyto alba) formerly was one of the rarest vagrant bird species in the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve. Since 2018, this species has been wintering regularly in the Yahorlytskyi Kut division of the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve. We studied the barn owl’s diet in the reserve by analysing 20 pellets collected in the winter of 2018. A total of 69 specimens of 5 mammal species were identified from the pellets. Species of small mammals that dominate in open habitats prevail in the barn owl’s diet such as the social vole (Microtus socialis) (dominant species of steppe habitats; 43 % of identifiable small-mammal specimens) and the lesser white-toothed shrew (Crocidura suaveolens) (dominant species of salt marsh habitats; 42 % of identifiable small-mammal specimens). Remains of the southern vole (Microtus levis), the Ural field mouse (Sylvaemus cf. uralensis), and the Eurasian pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus) were non-abundant in the barn owl’s diet.
The pygmy wood mouse (Sylvaemus uralensis) in the region of the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors: Barkaszi Zoltán
Published: July 2021

Information on the specifics of distribution and habitat preferences of the pygmy wood mouse in the region of the Ukrainian Carpathians is generalised according to data from original sources on the species’ records with consideration of results of the revision of regional collection series of wood mice. The currently known geographical range of the species is presented. A comparative analysis between morphometric data from various sources and of the revised collection series is carried out. The possibility of existence of a high-mountain population of the species Sylvaemus uralensis in the Ukrainian Carpathians is supported.
The European mole (Talpa europaea) in the Siversky Donets region: new data on the species’ distribution in Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine
Authors: Moroz Vadym
Published: July 2021

New data on the distribution of moles in Luhansk Oblast are presented. Field studies were carried out in 2008–2019. The European mole is a sporadic and non-abundant species in the studied area. In Stanychno-Luhansk Raion, the species first appeared in the late 1990s. In some years, moles in the region are characterised by fluctuations of the population number and geographic range. Additional field studies are required to clarify the European mole's range and abundance in Luhansk Oblast.
A pipistrelle bat on a ship on the Black Sea: facts, hypotheses, and comparisons with mainland specimens of Pipistrellus
Authors: Zagorodniuk Igor
Published: July 2021

The description of the record of a bat found in the period of autumn migrations on a ship on the Black Sea is given. The bat was found on the captain's bridge, and the sailors stated that the bat landed on the ship during flight and was not brought onto the board. The location of the discovery is on a raid near Sevastopol, 9 October 2013, within 10 miles from shore. Morphological features of the specimen are as follows: forearm length is about 33.1 mm, general colouration is brown with a narrow (1–2 mm) whitish stripe along the free edge of the wing up to the hind foot. The morphology of the earlobes, tragus, rhinarium, and post calcarial lobe are typical of P. pipistrellus/pygmaeus/nathusii. The morphology of the rhinarium (without the middle bulge between the nostrils) and the genitals is similar to those in P. nathusii. The most distinctive feature of the specimen is the presence of a white edging on the wings, which is usually common for Asian P. p. bactrianus, but, to some extent, also occurs among southern P. nathusii.
The stone marten (Martes foina) in vicinities of Nikopol, Ukraine
Authors: Torop Sergiy
Published: July 2021

Materials on findings and on features of the biology of the stone marten near the city of Nikopol are presented. The study area is located in the former Dnipro floodplains, which were destroyed by the construction of the Kakhovka Reservoir in the 1950s. Nonetheless, this species was able not only to survive in changing environments, but also to adapt to these changes. A survey of the species’ records in the urban landscape of Nikopol is presented. It is possible that we are witnessing the formation of its new ecotype adapted to the modern cultural landscape.
O ARMATĂ, DOUĂ SISTEME. JUSTIȚIA MILITARĂ ÎN TRANSILVANIA, ÎN A DOUA CAMPANIE A RĂZBOIULUI DE ÎNTREGIRE 1918-1920
Authors: CORCIU Liviu , GIURCĂ Ion
Published: July 2021

În plină campanie de eliberare a Transilvaniei, Consiliul Dirigent din Sibiu a hotărât să sprijine efortul armatei române și a dispus înființarea unui Comandament General Teritorial, cu misiunea de a începe recrutarea în Ardeal, în Banat și în ținuturile românești din Ungaria, pentru constituirea unor unități de voluntari. Mai târziu, din rândul acestora, au fost înființate Corpurile 6 și 7 armată, recrutate exclusiv dintre ardeleni, indiferent de naționalitate. În baza Decretului I al Consiliului Dirigent, legile, ordonanțele, regulamentele și statutele legale emise înainte de 18 octombrie 1918, data proclamării independenţei Transilvaniei față de Budapesta, au rămas provizoriu în vigoare. În acest context, militarii diviziilor ardelene erau supuși jurisdicției militare, în baza Codului penal militar austro-ungar din 1855, în timp ce militarii armatei române care acționau sub comanda Comandamentului Trupelor din Transilvania se aflau sub jurisdicția legilor românești, implicit a Codului de justiție militară.
POLITICA ENERGETICĂ A FEDERAȚIEI RUSE, INSTRUMENT DE AFIRMARE A STATUTULUI DE MARE PUTERE
Authors: BĂNCILĂ Andi Mihail
Published: July 2021

Dezintegrarea URSS, produsă în decembrie 1991, a marcat, din punct de vedere istoric, finalul Războiului Rece. Foarte mulți dintre analiștii de politică externă s-au grăbit să afirme că Federația Rusă a încetat să mai reprezinte o amenințare pentru lumea occidentală. În ciuda faptului că s-a confruntat cu o multitudine de probleme economice, sociale și militare, sub conducerea lui Vladimir Putin, statul rus a reușit să renască. Revenirea miraculoasă a Federației Ruse a fost posibilă ca urmare a implementării cu succes a unei politici de centralizare economică, ce s-a suprapus cu o perioadă de creștere, la nivel global, a prețurilor la hidrocarburi. Prosperitatea economică a încurajat guvernul rus să revină la vechile practici din perioada sovietică, reușind să dezechilibreze fragilele state din Europa de Est și să pună din nou în pericol pacea întregului continent.

Dezintegrarea URSS, produsă în decembrie 1991, a marcat, din punct de vedere istoric, finalul Războiului Rece. Foarte mulți dintre analiștii de politică externă s-au grăbit să afirme că Federația Rusă a încetat să mai reprezinte o amenințare pentru lumea occidentală. În ciuda faptului că s-a confruntat cu o multitudine de probleme economice, sociale și militare, sub conducerea lui Vladimir Putin, statul rus a reușit să renască. Revenirea miraculoasă a Federației Ruse a fost posibilă ca urmare a implementării cu succes a unei politici de centralizare economică, ce s-a suprapus cu o perioadă de creștere, la nivel global, a prețurilor la hidrocarburi. Prosperitatea economică a încurajat guvernul rus să revină la vechile practici din perioada sovietică, reușind să dezechilibreze fragilele state din Europa de Est și să pună din nou în pericol pacea întregului continent.
PROTECȚIA MEDICALĂ, ELEMENT CHEIE ÎN ASIGURAREA CONTINUITĂȚII ACTIVITĂȚILOR CENTRELOR MILITARE, SUB PRESIUNEA CONSTANTĂ DE CONTAMINARE CU VIRUSUL SARS-COV-2
Authors: COTOARBĂ Ionel
Published: July 2021

În condițiile unei pandemii, prioritățile pentru orice comandant trebuie să fie axate pe protecția personalului propriu, pe menținerea capacității de luptă și pe îndeplinirea misiunilor. Aplicarea măsurilor de protecție a personalului se realizează într-o concepție unitară și gradual, în funcție de evoluția pandemică din zona de responsabilitate. Apariția unor virusuri din ce în ce mai contagioase și favorizarea răspândirii rapide a acestora la nivel global prin diversitatea și complexitatea transporturilor terestre, aeriene și navale ne obligă să reconsiderăm poziția în următoarele aspecte: instruirea și recrutarea personalului; realizarea stocurilor; adaptarea măsurilor de protecție, în special a personalului; optimizarea procedurilor de operare, pe baza unor principii clar definite.
DISPONIBILITATEA FIZICĂ PROMPTĂ A MILITARILOR – CONCEPTE, PRINCIPII, COMPONENTE
Authors: BĂIȚAN George-Florin
Published: July 2021

Rezistența (capacitatea de a susține activitatea), forța (capacitatea de a depăși rezistența) și motricitatea (aplicarea funcțională a forței și a rezistenței pentru a reacționa operativ la stimuli, sub forma unei mișcări eficiente) sunt trăsături esențiale pentru randamentul fizic al militarilor și, pe o scară mai mare, pentru succesul lor în sistemul militar. Disponibilitatea fizică promptă este capacitatea de a satisface cerințele fizice ale oricărei situații de serviciu sau de luptă, în scopul de a îndeplini misiunea sau de a continua lupta până la obținerea victoriei. Privind în perspectivă, abordarea multidomeniu în cadrul operațiilor militare identifică nevoia ca militarii să fie în permanență pregătiți din punct de vedere fizic, astfel încât aceștia să aibă disponibilitatea de a lupta în medii extrem de disputate și de dificile. Atât pregătirea tactică, cât și cea fizică vor rămâne componente cheie ale pregătirii pentru luptă, iar specialiștii în domeniul educației fizice militare trebuie să găsească soluții pentru a integra antrenamentul fizic în exercițiile tactice de antrenament în teren.
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING BUILDING MOTOR SKILLS SPECIFIC TO MILITARY PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: PELMUȘ Alin
Published: July 2021

In its first part, the article addresses issues related to the concept, characteristics and typology of motor skills. Subsequently, some evaluations related to the mechanism of building motor skills are revealed and their stages highlighted, insisting on the methodical ones. Throughout the article, opinions are also expressed about the complexity of the motor skills training process applicable in the military system and their special importance in combat training.

 

Keywords: motor skills; military training; formation; consolidation; improvement; complexity.
HAND-TO-HAND COMBAT WITH OR WITHOUT PORTABLE ARMAMENT ‒ FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS FOR THE TRAINING OF THE MODERN MILITARY
Authors: BĂIȚAN George-Florin
Published: July 2021

Despite technological advances, hand-to-hand combat with or without portable armament remains a necessity in the contemporary operating environment, especially given the ambiguity of urban warfare and the close and regular interaction of the military with various adversaries (combatants or non-combatants) a wide range of situations in which force is used. Being a commitment between two or more people, in a confrontation in which ammunition is not used; training the military on hand-to-hand combat seems an important component that the military must consider in the physical preparation of the military for future conflicts. Cultivating courage to increase self-confidence is one of the most important benefits that hand-to-hand combat training can have. In a tense situation, having trained fighting skills in this regard can mean the difference between opening fire and escalating conflict, on the one hand, and avoiding disputes through a self-control approach to the factors that cause pain and fear, on the other hand.

 

Keywords: hand-to-hand combat; portable weapons; technical procedures; specific training; physical training, military physical education.
Operations Research and Cooperation Integrating Tool: The Case of Algeria
Authors: Khelladi Abdelkader
Published: July 2021

Looking and analyzing past successful shared experiences may give insights and hope to start new multilateral cooperation. The Mediterranean Sea is so warm full to our hearts that it deserves to be commonly cheered around by countries involved in its protection and its development, so this introducing study.Let me try first to precise the meaning of the terms of the title.
Tanneries and Treescapes: the Influence of the Tanning Industry on Woodland Management
Authors: Handley Christine , Rotherham Ian D.
Published: July 2021

The relationship between supply and demand for wood, timber and bark in different markets, geographical areas, and times is complex, but there are common themes. These relationships have influenced the form, structure and management of woodlands; and their legacies can be seen today. Using examples from the UK and the USA, these common themes are considered and some complexities arising from responses to local economic conditions highlighted. Bark is sometimes described as a waste by-product of other wood and timber industries. However, it is clear that with the high economic value of the tanning industry as a whole, and the central role of leather goods in society for centuries, the impact on woodlands to ensure a ready supply of tree-bark for tanning varied but could be immense.
The ICF twenty years later
Authors: Millet Patrick
Published: July 2021

No Abstract
Optimalisasi Kadar Asam Asetat Ananas Comosus l dengan	Penambahan Induk Cuka
Authors: Fitria Fitria  , Mimin Septian  , Irhamni Nuhardin
Published: July 2021

Ananas comosus L. (Pineapple) is one of the superior fruit commodities in Indonesia. The amount of production in 2016 pineapples placed fourth after bananas, oranges and mangoes which amounted to 1.4 million tons/year.  Pineapple production for East Kalimantan, Balikpapan city has an area of 8,572 hectares of pineapple with a production of 7,206 tons of pineapple. Pineapple skin contains 17.53% carbohydrates and 13.65% sugar. This led researchers to develop the manufacture of acetic acid from the skin waste of  Ananas comosus L. The research method consists of materials used namely, pineapple skin, water, granulated sugar, yeast, vinegar, ammonium sulfate, oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide, pp indicators and aquades obtained from STTI Bontang laboratory. The working procedure of this study consists of 3 stages of the method: the first fermentation stage with the  addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the second fermentation stage with variations in the addition of the parent vinegar and the calculation of acetic acid levels with time intervals of 2 days /sample (days 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24). The third stage is carried out by alkaline method. Optimum results from research with the main variation of vinegar and fermentation time were obtained on the 20th day with the addition of a 2.3 mL vinegar master obtained a acetic acid content of 6.24 g/mL. Further researchers are expected to develop better analytical methods to make the concentration of acetic acid obtained more optimal.
ANALISIS ERGONOMI BEBAN KERJA TERHADAP KELELAHAN KERJA PADA PEKERJA MANUAL BATU BATA DENGAN REGRESI LINIER BERGANDA BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Junaini  , Yano Hurung Anoi  , Yunanri W
Published: July 2021

Small industry has a big role in encouraging development in areas, especially rural areas, which cannot be separated from national development in accordance with regional autonomy and regional aspirations. One of the small industries to fulfill development is the brick-making industry manually because it still uses a simple process in its production. Manual brick making cannot be separated from the risks that will arise for workers, one of the risks is fatigue due to the workload carried out in the process of making bricks repeatedly, the workload can be in the form of physical loads or mental loads. Fatigue from work will reduce performance and increase the rate of work errors. Increasing work errors will provide opportunities for work accidents. From this it is necessary to measure workload on work fatigue from the results of the ergonomic analysis of brickwork manual workers with Linear Regression with web-based programming. Each worker will be recorded based on the category Initial Pulse, Work Rate, Body Weight, Blood Pressure, Height, Age, as well as several questions to workers needed to measure the workload against work fatigue. Questions about Activity Weakness and Physical Fatigue in a span of days (Very Often, Often, Sometimes, Never; to each worker. The conclusion from the results of the workload analysis has an influence on fatigue of work in making bricks manually, namely Normal or Not Fatigue 6 workers , and Needs Improvement 9 workers with the percentage classification of Cardiovascular Load (CVL) is 40% and 60%.
Pembuatan Biodisel dari Minyak Jarak dengan Metode TransesterifikasI Menggunakan Etanol Teknis dan Metanol PA
Authors: Saripah sobah  , Muhammad Naufal Ariq H  , Siahaan Theresia
Published: July 2021

Increased fuel use can lead to air pollution and other environmental impacts. Substitution of fuel Oil with environmentally friendly fuel alternatives is one solution. Castor oil (Jatropha curcas L) contained in castor seeds can be processed into biodiesel with transesterification process. The most widely used alcohol in the manufacture of biodiesel is methanol. Methanol is made from a material that is not renewable. While ethanol from renewable materials and pure ethanol are expensive. In this study used campurn ethanol to reduce the use of methanol. The purpose of this study is to find out the optimum comparison of methanol-ethanol. The manufacture of biodicells is carried out by a 2-stage process, namely the esterification process and the transesterification process. The esterification process uses HCL catalysts. The transesterification process uses a comparison of methanol and ethanol with variations of 3:1,2:1,1:1,1:2 and 1:3. The catalyst used in the transesterification process is KOH 0.1%. The results showed that the optimum condition in the use of methanol: Technical Etahol is 2:1 within 30 minutes, yielding a yield of 56.1%.  The quality test score of type weight and viscosity shows a value of 0.86-0.89 g/mL and 2.9-3.5 so that the results of the study are declared to pass the product test with density and viscosity test standards
Eosinophil extracellular traps in a patient with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
Authors: Takeda Masahide , Sakamoto Sho , Ueki Shigeharu , Miyabe Yui , Fukuchi Mineyo , Okuda Yuji , Asano Mariko , Sato Kazuhiro , Nakayama Katsutoshi
Published: July 2021

Eosinophils rapidly release extracellular filamentous chromatin fibers (extracellular traps, ETs) when they are stimulated. Reticulated ETs have been recently shown to affect secretion viscosity in eosinophilic inflammatory diseases. Here we report a 43-year-old woman with infiltrative shadows in both upper lungs that did not respond well to antibiotics. She admitted to occasional coughing and sputum, but had poor viscous regulation. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected from the upper left lobe showed many eosinophils (65%). She was diagnosed with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, per previously reported criteria, and began treatment with prednisolone. The infiltration shadow gradually improved, and she was discharged 28 days after admission. Later, we immune-stained her BALF cell components with antibodies against major basic protein, an eosinophil granule protein, which showed a large number of agglomerating eosinophils; and antibodies against citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3-a marker for ETs), which showed CitH3-positive ETs, spread in a network. These findings confirmed that some BALF eosinophils released eosinophil ETs. This case shows the existence of ETs from BALF in patients with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. Concentration of eosinophil ETs in eosinophilic inflammatory diseases may affect secretion viscosity in sputum, and so on.
Suppressive effect of dexamethasone on murine Th9 cell-mediated nasal eosinophilic inflammation
Authors: Koyama Teidai , Miura Kento , Yamasaki Norimasa , Ogata Sawako , Ito Daiki , Saeki Mayumi , Hiroi Takachika , Mori Akio , Kaminuma Osamu
Published: July 2021

Background

Th9 cells have been implicated in the development of allergic inflammation, though its contribution to allergic rhinitis and the effect of steroid on Th9 cell-mediated nasal responses are unclear.

Objective

In this study, allergen-induced nasal inflammatory responses and their steroid responsiveness were investigated in ovalbumin (OVA)-specific Th9 cell-transferred mice.

Methods

BALB/c mice were transferred with in vitro-differentiated Th9 cells and challenged by intranasal injection of OVA with or without subcutaneous administration of dexamethasone (Dex). Then, the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the nasal mucosa and nasal hyperresponsiveness (NHR) was assessed.

Results

The significant NHR accompanied by nasal infiltration of eosinophils as well as allergen-specific T cells was induced in Th9 cell-transferred mice upon allergen challenge. These responses were strongly suppressed by the treatment with Dex.

Conclusion

The participation of Th9 cells in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis was suggested.
Agricultural Supply Chain Analysis During Supply Chain Disruptions: Case of Teff Commodity Supply Chain in Ethiopia in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Jaleta Matiwos Ensermu
Published: July 2021

Current state agricultural supply chain analysis for essential commodities like Teff in Ethiopia is necessary to avoid supply chain disruption caused by events like COVID 19. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of COVID-19 on the agriculture and food sector. It has taken into account both qualitative and quantitative mixed approaches. The study has been conducted to analyze the resilient teff value chain across teff supply chain members from production to consumption by comparing two production areas in Ethiopia. Cross-sectional descriptive surveys at different stages of the supply chain are identified. Data collection has been made based on the purposive sampling technique. It has then, analyzed the data and reach on conclusion. The findings revealed that wealth was not accumulated by farmers to create a sustainable supply of Teff to the consumers which is not enough to respond to the demand gap created in the event of supply chain disruption. Teff value chain analysis also indicated that consumers have low price expectations of Teff regardless of its high price at the retail shop. Since March 2020 Due to COVID 19 prevalence in Ethiopia, lockdown that disrupts goods and people move from rural to urban has resulted in a sharp Teff price increase from an average of 4200 per Quintal to 5000 Birr per Quintal in just one month at the retail shop. This has significantly benefited downstream supply chain members like wholesalers and retailers by hoarding Teff supply to consumers until regulatory bodies took action on price hikes by retailers. Finally, recommendations have been forwarded among the others include: to enlarge subsidies for Ethiopian farmers to boost agricultural production, hedge farmers against price fluctuation and avail warehouses for stocking agricultural commodities to buffer against future uncertainties are the major ones that the government has to apply.
Regulering van toeristische verhuur: grenzen en mogelijkheden
Authors: Botman M.R.
Published: July 2021

Regulering van toeristische verhuur: grenzen en mogelijkheden. De gevolgen van het arrest Cali Apartments voor de Nederlandse rechtspraktijk

In deze bijdrage wordt aan de hand van het arrest Cali Apartments onderzocht welke ruimte de Europese Dienstenrichtlijn laat om toeristische verhuur van woonruimte te reguleren. In dit licht wordt tevens de Wet toeristische verhuur besproken.

HvJ 22 september 2020, gevoegde zaken C-724/18 en C-727/18, ECLI:EU:C:2020:743 (Cali Apartments en HX).
CONSTRUCTION WORK IN THE LIGHT OF GAME THEORY. AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Pawlak Robert
Published: July 2021

The paper focus on queue for elevators and delays in construction industry. The author of the research was working at the position of manual worker in a skyscraper under construction in Poland. He conducted his research with the method of cover participant observation. Theoretical background of the study was the game theory
LOST LEGACY OF “SOLIDARITY ”
Authors: Zalewski Dariusz
Published: July 2021

The text is about “Solidarność” legacy and includes two types of liberty: negative and positive. Basic argument says, that “Solidarność” achieved historic success in a sphere of negative liberty, but they didn’t make it in positive sense, which was quickly forgotten after 1989. Positive liberty oblivion accompanied fears of former “Solidarność” leaders, who had taken the lead of system’s reformation, worried that NSZZ “Solidarność” upholding of workers interests will destroy done system’s changes too.
Tsunami Impact Prediction System Based on TsunAWI Inundation Data
Authors: Dermadi Yedi , Bandung Yoanes
Published: July 2021

It is very important for tsunami early warning systems to provide inundation predictions within a short period of time. Inundation is one of the factors that directly cause destruction and damage from tsunamis. This research proposes a tsunami impact prediction system based on inundation data analysis. The inundation data used in this analysis were obtained from the tsunami modeling called TsunAWI. The inundation data analysis refers to the coastal forecast zones for each city/regency that are currently used in the Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS). The data analysis process comprises data collection, data transformation, data analysis (through GIS analysis, predictive analysis, and simple statistical analysis), and data integration, ultimately producing a pre-calculated inundation database for inundation prediction and tsunami impact prediction. As the outcome, the tsunami impact prediction system provides estimations of the flow depth and inundation distance for each city/regency incorporated into generated tsunami warning bulletins and impact predictions based on the Integrated Tsunami Intensity Scale (ITIS-2012). In addition, the system provides automatic sea level anomaly detection from tide gauge sensors by applying a tsunami detection algorithm. Finally, the contribution of this research is expected to bring enhancements to the tsunami warning products of InaTEWS.