bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of Gabriele Münnix: Das Bild vom Bild: Bildsemiotik und Bildphänomenologie in interkultureller Perspektive
Authors: Pozzo Riccardo
Published: February 2024

Images shape how we perceive reality, how we think and feel, and how we live together. Gabriele Münnix shows that cultural traditions play an essential role in these processes. Her book is about providing an overview of the different ways of dealing with images. She presents authoritative approaches to the philosophy of images such as those of C. S. Peirce, Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, Nelson Goodman, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Umberto Eco, and of others. What is new in her analysis is the inclusion of the intercultural perspective, which makes a new approach to the controversies about the nature of the image as signs or as presence possible that can also be effective in establishing a relation between philosophy of religion an undogmatic metaphysics.
Trojan War and Epic Cycle: The Historical and Literary Version Where, How, When and Why The Trojan War Myth was invented
Authors: Konstantinopoulos Vasileios L.
Published: February 2024

There are two aspects about the Trojan War, the historical and the literary. For 1200 BC, the Late Bronze Age there are two epigraphical testimonies, the Hettite inscriptions and the Linear B tablets. Due to the fact that the latter do not contain historical information, only the Hettitic inscriptions remain, which provide us with very important historical information about the relationships between the Hittite empire, the kingdom of Troy and the kingdom of Ahhijawa. An important contribution to the historical reality is also offered by the excavations of the professor Manfred Korfmann (University of Tübingen) that brought to light the lower city with a moat. So the city is a typical Eastern city with Appaliuna (=Apollo) as one of the main gods. The Treaty of Alaksandu, king of Troy, and Muwatalli, king of Hattussa, and other Hittite documents confirm that Troy was a vassal of the Hittite empire and thus under its protection. Therefore, in the 13th century BC the Trojan War could not have taken place, as the Achaeans would have faced the powerful Hittite force. In the 12th century the Achaeans were not in a position to campaign, because the Mycenaean centres had collapsed. So, the Trojan War is a literary and not a historical event. Thus, the Epic Cycle is examined with the various works and more specifically the Iliad and the Odyssey, their grammar, their structure, the editing of the text during the Alexandrian age and the famous Homeric question.
Milligan Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy versus Longo’s stapled hemorrhoidopexy in treating symptomatic hemorrhoids: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Philip Chinnu Mariam , Ramachandran Riju
Published: February 2024

Background:

Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy (open hemorrhoidectomy [OH]) once considered the gold standard surgical technique for hemorrhoids is challenged by stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH) which claims a better postoperative outcome. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of OH and SH in the Indian context.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective comparative study included 50 consecutive patients who underwent OH (n = 30) and SH (n = 20) from June 2018 to May 2020 at our institute. The primary outcomes were intra-operative time, postoperative pain assessed by the visual analog scoring system, and duration of stay at the hospital. Patients were clinically assessed at 1 week and 3 months postdischarge, and telephonically interviewed at 3 and 6 months for complications and time taken to resume normal activities. Student t test and chi-square test were used to test the statistical significance of the difference in mean of continuous variables and the difference in the proportion of categorical variables respectively.

Results:

The mean pain score postOH was found to be significantly higher than post-SH, measured after 3 h (3.47 ± 1.16 vs. 1.90 ± 0.968; P < 0.001), 6 h (5.8 ± 1.4 vs. 3.55 ± 0.99; P < 0.001), and 12 h (5.2 ± 1.7 vs. 1.85 ± 1.387; P < 0.001). The duration of hospital stay post-procedure was higher for OH by 24 h on average (3.1 ± 1.08 days vs. 2.10 ± 1.02 days; P < 0.001). The time that is, taken to resume work after OH was significantly higher (28.3 ± 14.5 vs. 10.85 ± 4.082; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

SH has lower post-procedure pain, shorter hospitalization, and faster return to work compared to OH. The incidence of complications was comparable between both groups.
Comparison of analgesic efficacy of topical tramadol versus topical lidocaine in the control of postoperative pain in children after tonsillectomy: A randomized double-blinded clinical trial
Authors: Saleh Abdelwahab A. , Abdelfattah Abdelfattah M.
Published: February 2024

Background and aim

Tonsillectomy is considered one of the most frequent minor surgeries conducted on a day-case basis on children, and usually associate with pain and sore throat. This study aimed to compare the effect peritonsillor tramadol and lidocaine in pain alleviation after tonsillectomy in pediatrics.

Patients and methods

This prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled clinical study included 80 children, aged 4–15 years. They were distributed into two groups; Group T (n=40) patients received swabs soaked with tramadol 5% diluted with saline 0.9% up to 10 ml; group L (n=40) patients received swabs soaked with ledocaine 2% 2 mg/kg diluted with saline 0.9% up to 10 ml. Post operative pain scores, bleeding, nausea, vomiting, sore throat, otalgia, fever, halitosis, and trismus were recorded.

Results

Pain score was significantly reduced in the lidocaine arm within two hours after surgery, compared to the tramadol arm (P<0.05). The mean modified VAS score at day 7 was significantly reduced in the tramadol arm, compared to lidocaine arm (1.21 Vs 2.42, P<0.05). No significant difference between the two arms was reported, in terms of postoperative nausea and vomiting, halitosis, fever and otalgia. More serious complications like post-tonsillectomy bleeding or trismus were not reported in either groups

Conclusion

Topical 5% tramadole and lidocaine has a significant value in post tonsillectomy analgesic effect. Lidocaine had rapid onset at 15 min and duration prolonged up to 2 hours. Tramadol had delayed onset and prolonged duration from 4 hr up to 7 days.
Visual performance and patient satisfaction with AcrySof® IQ Vivity® IOL: Experience from a tertiary care center in central India
Authors: Bhasin Purendra , Sarkar Deepayan , Bhasin Priyamvada , Dhanapal Praveen P , Ubhal Gopal N , Bhargava Meenu
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

To study the visual outcomes and patient satisfaction profile among patients post phacoemulsification with the Vivity intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Method:

This was a hospital-based, prospective, observational study cons isting of 64 study subjects who were followed up for 1 month to look for the objective and subjective aspects of visual outcomes of Vivity IOLs. Objective parameters included distance vision, intermediate vision, near vision, and contrast-sensitivity, whereas subjective parameters were assessed using the modified Catquest 9SF Questionnaire.

Results:

Among the total study population, 82.5% were males and 17.5% were females, the most common age group was 41–50 years. In addition, 93.6% had a distance visual acuity of 6/9 or better, 93.7% had an intermediate vision of N18 or better, whereas 50.8% had a near vision of N18 or better. Good contrast sensitivity was reported among 79.4% of subjects, and 95.2% of study subjects were comfortable with distance vision, whereas 74.6% and 22.2% were comfortable with intermediate and near vision, respectively. Only two patients complained of glare, whereas none complained of halos and starbursts. A total of 88.8% of study subjects were satisfied with their postoperative visual outcomes, whereas 87.3% were willing to Vivity IOL in the other eye or were willing to refer this IOL to others.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated a good distance and intermediate visual acuity post-Vivity IOL implantation, whereas near activities mostly required the use of near-addition glasses, though requiring lesser near-addition power.
Identifying causes of vision loss and assistive technology needs among patients attending rehabilitation clinic of a tertiary care center in North India
Authors: Senjam Suraj Singh , Beniwal Abhijeet , Lomi Neiwete , Aggarwal Sneha , Vashist Praveen , Tandon Radhika
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

Investigating the causes of visual loss and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) is crucial for identifying avoidable eye problems and planning appropriate rehabilitation and assistive technology (AT) services. The study aimed to identify various causes of vision loss and determine AT required for vision rehabilitation (VR).

Methods:

The electronic records of patients who attended the VR clinic at a tertiary eyecare for the past 2 years were reviewed. Information such as demographics, BCVA, and causes of visual impairment were retrieved from the records. BCVA was categorized into better than or equal to 1/60 and less than <1/60 for AT services.

Results:

In total, 1723 patients, mostly male (71.2%), visited the rehabilitation clinic from 2018 to 2019. Around 58.6% of patients belonged to the age group 16–49 years, whereas 25.6% were less than 15 years old. The most frequent eye problems were retinal disorders (63.5%), followed by retinitis pigmentosa (15.2%) and rod–cone dystrophy (4.7%). In contrast, congenital disorders were the most common cause of vision loss among younger groups. Approximately 36.0% of patients had <1/60 blindness and 16.6% had ≥1/60. Around 17.1% of patients would benefit from large prints (near vision acuity N18–N12).

Conclusion:

Early detection and timely management will prevent a significant proportion of patients from developing irreversible vision loss. Around one-third of patients would benefit from visual substitution AT.
Investigating effective psychological interventions in pregnant women’s sexual satisfaction: A systematic review
Authors: Naji Maryam , Hoseinnezhad Seyedeh Zeynab , Heshmat Farahnaz , Asgharipour Negar
Published: February 2024

Sexual satisfaction is an important factor in people’s lives, which is effective in all aspects of a couple’s life. During pregnancy, due to existing changes, sexual performance is affected, which will also change sexual satisfaction. By performing effective interventions, changes can be made in the level of sexual satisfaction. The aim of this study is to investigate effective psychological interventions in the sexual satisfaction of pregnant women, which has been conducted in the form of a systematic review. This study is performed in 2022 with the steps of design of study question, search in SID, PubMed, Magiran, Iran doc, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engine with keywords such as “interventions”, “sexual satisfaction”, “Sexual function”, “couples”, “pregnant women” and their English equivalents, and after that, related studies were identified from the period of 2012 to 2022 (the last 10 years), the selection of studies, which after screening the title, abstract, and full text. Among 821 studies, finally 13 studies were left to announce the results. Researches that had unclear sample size and method of implementation and whose full text was not available were initially excluded from the study process. Screening of the quality of the studies was done by the risk assessment checklist and the Jadad Scale of the intervention studies. Then the findings were classified. The results of the present study were taken from 13 articles, which included mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, therapy based on acceptance and commitment and group counseling, PLISSIT model intervention, and education and support package. As per the results of interventions, all interventions during pregnancy can increase sexual satisfaction in pregnant women. Therefore, such interventions are recommended but it is necessary to do more interventions with minimal bias and long-term follow-up and comprehensive examination of variables to reach stronger evidence.
Comparing two teaching methods based on concept map and lecture on dental students’ knowledge and performance of post-exposure prophylaxis to hepatitis B: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Mirzaei Kamran , Yazdankhahfard Mohammadreza , Behbahanirad Arghavan
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Dental students are at high risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during clinical activities. Therefore, preventive measures are essential after exposure to the HBV. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the concept map and the lecture methods on dental students’ knowledge and performance regarding hepatitis B post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) after possible exposure to the HBV.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 70 dental students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Subjects were categorized into two groups, each receiving either the concept map or the traditional lecture methods. After the interventions, dental students’ knowledge and performance were measured by a researcher-made questionnaire.

RESULTS:

The statistical analysis showed significantly higher knowledge and performance in the concept map group compared to the lecture group (P = 0.030 and P = 0.022, respectively). Although both groups’ knowledge and performance decreased after the six-month intervention, the second group who received the lecture method showed more decline in knowledge and performance (P = 0.041 and P < 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Both the concept map and lecture methods have proved to be effective ways of improving the knowledge and performance of dental students. However, the present study revealed that the concept method was more effective on dental students’ knowledge and performance regarding preventive measures after exposure to HBV. Thus, the concept map method is recommended for informative and educational purposes.
Sexual and reproductive health issues of women attending psychiatric clinic in India—A qualitative study
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Sundaram , Rajagopal Kaipangala , Govindan Radhakrishnan , Ganjekar Sundarnag , Prathyusha P V , Chacko Leena K
Published: February 2024

Background:

Women with mental illness (WMI) experience considerable disparities in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) when compared to the general population. Due to their restricted access to SRH services, they have unmet contraceptive needs, a greater prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and sexual dysfunction. The study aimed to explore the SRH issues of WMI in a tertiary care psychiatric outpatient clinic in Bengaluru, India.

Materials and Method:

A qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used. A reproductive age group (18-49 years) WMI (n = 32) was selected by purposive sampling technique. The period of data collection was from January 2021 to September 2021. An in-depth face-to-face interview was conducted using a validated interview schedule. Hycner’s explicitation process was used to investigate the constituents of a phenomenon.

Result:

The codes revealed potential themes and subthemes. SRH issues faced by WMI were organized under three main themes, namely, (1) factors responsible for sexual dysfunction, (2) symptoms of STI and treatment adherence, and (3) use of contraception and its barrier.

Conclusions:

Sexual dysfunction among WMI is contributed by numerous factors. Women were exhibited limited knowledge of STI symptoms and treatment compliance. Such women experience issues with current method of contraception and are unaware of the alternatives. The findings of this study may be helpful for clinical nurses in drawing attention to and increasing knowledge of the reproductive health issues that women with psychiatric disorders face, taking the required precautions, and devising strategies for minimizing harm.
Etiologic and Anti-microbial Susceptibility Profiles of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection and Bacterial Enteritis among Children at a Private Multi-Specialty Healthcare Facility in Abuja, Nigeria: A 5-Year Separate and Comparative Review
Authors: Adeleye QA , Ndubuisi EC , Isa FA
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Urinary tract infection (UTI) and enteritis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in children. A combined profiling of UTI and enteritis could be helpful since stool plays a major role in the etiopathogenesis of UTI.

Aim:

This study aimed to examine and compare bacterial UTI and bacterial enteritis in respect of their etiology and anti-microbial susceptibility (AMS) in children aged 0 to 17 years at Alliance Hospital, Abuja.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective descriptive study of urine cultures in children who were investigated for UTI and of stool cultures in those investigated for enteritis. Data of 543 urine cultures and 614 stool cultures from January 1, 2017 to May 31, 2022 were retrieved. Bacterial yields, percentage susceptibility (PS), log-normalized susceptibility value (SVn), percentage of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, and multiple anti-microbial resistance index (MARI) were computed and compared.

Results:

The bacterial yields of urine and stool cultures were 29% and 34%, respectively. Escherichia coli was the most common bacterial cause of UTI and enteritis. Overall susceptibility was sub-optimal and similar between uropathogens and enteropathogens [PS, 64% vs. 62%; mean SVn, 5.75 vs. 5.62 (P = 0.564)]. Levofloxacin was the most effective anti-microbial agent against both uro- and entero-pathogens, while amoxicillin clavulanate and cotrimoxazole were among the least effective. The burdens of MDR uro- and entero-pathogens were 39% and 46%, and their MARIs were 0.36 and 0.38, respectively.

Conclusions:

Like in many healthcare institutions, Escherichia coli is the most common bacterial cause of UTI and enteritis in children at our facility. Second-generation fluoroquinolones remain effective against bacterial UTI and bacterial enteritis in children. Stool AMS surveillance could potentially be a surrogate strategy for urine AMS surveillance in children. Training and re-training on anti-microbial stewardship remain crucial in Nigeria.
The Pedicled Anterolateral Thigh Flap as a Versatile Option for Resurfacing Extensive Lower Trunk Defects
Authors: Ajani AO , Osisanya TO , Onyejekwe GO , Ilori OS , Oseni GO , Jatto KB , Alimi MF , Chukwuanukwu TO
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The resurfacing of large abdominal and perineal defects is a major concern, and it poses a great challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. The main target in the reconstruction of the abdomen is to ensure a stable soft-tissue cover, and a strong and reliable fascia to prevent hernia recurrence and fecal contamination. The pedicled anterolateral thigh flap (ALT) either in the myocutaneous or fasciocutaneous form is a work-horse for the closure of abdominal and perineal defects.

Aim:

There is a paucity of studies on the use of the anterolateral thigh flap among black Africans especially in Nigeria; hence, we present our experience with the use of this flap for extensive abdominal and perineal defects.

Patients and Methods:

The folders of all patients who had pedicled anterolateral thigh flap between January 2019 and July 2022 in our institution were reviewed. The patients’ demographic data and the available details about the flap reconstruction were extracted from the folders.

Results:

There were three males and two females, and the age range was between 22 and 48 years. Four cases resulted from tumor extirpation, while one was following extensive necrotizing fasciitis of the lower anterior abdominal wall. No gross anatomical variations were encountered intraoperatively. Four flaps had full survival, while one had marginal flap tip loss.

Conclusion:

The pedicled anterolateral thigh flap is an excellent reconstructive tool for the coverage of extensive abdominal and perineal defects.
Prevalence of Perinatal Asphyxia Using Apgar Scores and Cord Blood pH and the Relationship between the Two Methods: A Study of FMC Umuahia
Authors: Ogba EI , Chukwudi NK , Izuka OM , Adizua UC
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Perinatal asphyxia contributes significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. It occurs worldwide, and the Apgar score is the most widely used method of diagnosis. Recently, umbilical cord arterial pH has been reported as the most objective way to assess fetal acidosis at birth as it predicts the adverse outcome of perinatal asphyxia. It is imperative to establish the concordance between these two diagnostic methods to reinforce the practicality of the Apgar score as the preferred diagnostic tool for perinatal asphyxia in developing nations, such as Nigeria.

Aim:

To determine the prevalence of perinatal asphyxia by using the Apgar score and arterial cord blood pH and the relationships between these methods at the Federal Medical Center (FMC), Umuahia.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study enrolled 245-term newborns. Perinatal asphyxia was diagnosed using both Apgar scoring and arterial cord blood pH measurements. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and a P value < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

Perinatal asphyxia was reported in 33.1% and 31.4% by using the Apgar score and arterial cord blood pH, respectively. There was a moderate agreement between the two methods for diagnosing perinatal asphyxia (κ = 0.44), and no statistically significant difference was observed in the prevalence of perinatal asphyxia between these methods (McNemar’s χ2 = 0.27, P = 0.699). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was observed between the Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes of life and arterial cord blood pH (rs = 0.87, P ≤ 0.001 and rs = 0.80, P ≤ 0.001 respectively).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of perinatal asphyxia by the two methods was high, and there was no significant difference between both methods of assessing perinatal asphyxia. Thus, the diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia can effectively be made using either the Apgar score or arterial cord blood pH, affirming the practicality and reliability of the Apgar score in resource-limited healthcare settings.
Insights into Risk: Exploring Retinopathy of Prematurity and Short-term Comorbidities in Moderate-to-Late Preterm Infants
Authors: Raffa LH , Fatani M , Alghamdi R
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and short-term comorbidity data moderate-to-late preterm (MLP) infants in Saudi Arabia are limited.

Aim:

The present study mainly aimed to identify ROP incidence and severity in MLP infants. The secondary objective was to explore whether moderate preterm infants are more prone to systemic short-term comorbidities compared to late preterm infants.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, a tertiary center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Two-hundred and sixty-eight MLP infants born with gestational ages (GAs) of 32 to 36 + 6 weeks were included. Births were classified as moderate preterm (GA 32 to 33 + 6 weeks) and late preterm (GA 34 to 36 + 6 weeks) and the two groups were compared with an independent t-test.

Results:

ROP incidence was 1.5%; all cases were stage 1 and involved zone II or III. No patient had type 1 ROP requiring treatment. The short-term comorbidity incidence was high (76.1%) and included hyperbilirubinemia (n = 206, 76.7%), respiratory distress syndrome (n = 178, 66.4%), hypoglycemia (n = 32, 11.9%,), and transient tachypnea of newborn (n = 25, 9.3%). Moderate preterm infants were more likely to have lower birth weight (P < 0.001), any-stage ROP (P = 0.032), respiratory distress syndrome (P = 0.031), intraventricular hemorrhage (P = 0.038), and hyperbilirubinemia (P < 0.001) compared to the late preterm infants.

Conclusions:

Any-stage ROP incidence among MLP infants was low, with no type 1 ROP cases requiring treatment. Short-term comorbidity incidence was relatively high among the moderate preterm infants. Despite the low non-type 1 ROP incidence at our center, MLP infants require proper surveillance of systemic short-term comorbidities.
The Effect of Saliva and Dental Caries of the Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis on Cytokine Levels
Authors: Güngör Borsöken A , Gursel Surmelıoglu D
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dental caries and oral health of patients on salivary cytokine levels with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).

Material and Methods:

The study included 30 patients (n = 30) diagnosed with HT. The standardization of the participants was achieved with specific biochemical parameters, and the sociodemographic information of the patients was obtained through anamnesis. A pH meter was employed for salivary pH measurement. After determining the oral problems of the patients, necessary treatments were applied. Following 3 months of treatment, saliva samples were taken to evaluate cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP) and for ELISA analyses. The Wilcoxon test was used for pairwise comparison of nonparametric data, and the Chi-square test was employed to analyze categorical variables at P < 0.05.

Results:

There was a significant decrease in salivary TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP levels between the measurements before and after 3 months of treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, a significant increase was found in salivary pH (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The salivary cytokine levels decrease and the inflammatory response improves when the inflammation in the periodontal tissues and dental caries is treated.
Virtual Prediction of Tractor Front Axle Load and Fatigue Life in
Front Loader Application and Validating with Field Measurements
Authors: Sekar Prasanth , Varadarajan Sivanesan , Balaji N. T.
Published: February 2024

When a specialty tractor is operated by mounting the front loader or backhoes,
the loads are distributed proportionately to the front and rear axles. The
maximum load and fatigue life were identified as the main parameters in
predicting fatigue failure. This paper mainly focuses on predicting front axle
loads and fatigue life in front loader applications.

To design a new front axle for the loader application, an existing front axle
assembly that was designed for orchard, sprayer, and small farm application is
selected for study and to extend it for front loader application with minimal
design modifications. The major challenge is to estimate the dynamic loads
coming to the front axle due to the front loader application and validate it for
a different set of load cases as per the design verification plan. Hence a
methodology was framed to estimate the actual loads using MBD, validate with
field measurements, and verify the new front axle design using those loads in
FEA. This paper discusses this methodology in detail. MBD was performed on a
tractor model with an existing front axle assembly for three loader bucket
positions. The estimated static loads from MBD are validated with static field
measurement data. This estimated load was used in FEA to identify stress hotspot
location in the front axle assembly. Strain gauges were used on those hotspot
locations to find the maximum dynamic load during actual driving conditions with
the front loader application. Design modification has been done on the existing
front axle assembly and nonlinear static analysis was performed using the
maximum dynamic load to find the maximum stress location and corresponding
fatigue life. By this methodology, the existing front axle is modified,
simulated with CAE analysis, and validated with field measurement data, which
helped us to meet the design acceptance criteria as per DVP for the new front
axle design.
Conciliación de la medicación en las transiciones asistenciales de pacientes previamente ingresados
Authors: Carrión Madroñal IM , Sánchez Gómez E
Published: February 2024

RESUMEN Objetivos: Valorar la efectividad de la intervención farmacéutica y caracterizar los tipos de discrepancias y errores de conciliación de la medicación, en el contexto de un programa de conciliación de la medicación durante el ingreso hospitalario de pacientes sometidos a una transición asistencial interna, cuya procedencia ha sido otro centro hospitalario o la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo realizado en un hospital de especialidades. La población objeto de estudio han sido los pacientes que generaron estancia en nuestro centro durante un periodo de 8 meses, y cuya procedencia fue otro centro hospitalario o la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Diariamente se revisaron todos aquellos pacientes procedentes de una transición asistencial y posteriormente, se elaboró la mejor historia farmacoterapéutica posible revisando la información disponible sobre la medicación que podía estar recibiendo el paciente de forma previa a la transición asistencial y completando el proceso mediante una entrevista clínica. Las discrepancias que requerían aclaración fueron comunicadas al médico. Resultados: Se conciliaron un total de 350 medicamentos en 136 pacientes (una media de 2,6 fármacos por paciente). Se realizaron 139 actos de conciliación, de los cuales, en 68 se encontraron discrepancias justificadas, en 53 no se encontraron discrepancias y en los 18 restantes se encontraron discrepancias que requerían aclaración, siendo la más habitual entre ellas la omisión de un medicamento seguida de la prescripción incompleta y modificación de posología o vía sin justificación. De esas discrepancias, 15 fueron aceptadas por parte del médico prescriptor, modificando posteriormente la prescripción. La mayoría de los fármacos con esas discrepancias pertenecían a los grupos anatomoterapéuticos: tracto alimentario y metabolismo, sistema cardiovascular, sistema nervioso y sistema respiratorio. Conclusiones: La conciliación de la medicación durante las transiciones asistenciales llevada a cabo por un farmacéutico mostró ser útil en la identificación y prevención de errores de medicación con potenciales consecuencias clínicas para los pacientes.
Efecto adverso psiquiátrico con lorlatinib; medicamento con poca experiencia de uso
Authors: Santos Morín L , Lombardero Pin M , Mateos Egido E , Velaz Suárez MA
Published: February 2024

RESUMEN El cáncer de pulmón no microcítico (CPNM) es la causa más frecuente de neoplasia maligna mortal en todo el mundo. Los tratamientos selectivos moleculares han supuesto un avance importante en el tratamiento del CPNM en pacientes determinados cuyos tumores albergan diversas mutaciones tales como EGFR, BRAF, reordenamiento ALK o ROS. El lorlatinib es un TKI selectivo de ALK con capacidad para penetrar en el cerebro y con gran actividad contra las fusiones de ALK y ROS1, incluidas las mutaciones de resistencia. Se describe el caso de una mujer con cáncer de pulmón no microcítico que presenta efecto adverso psiquiátrico en relación a lorlatinib.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP PANGSA PASAR BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2016-2020
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to examine how Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia are finalized and their relationship to market share. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods and collects data through secondary data or through quarterly financial reports of Sharia Commercial Banks. The population in this research is the Financial Reports of Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the 2018-2022 period. The sampling technique in this research is total sampling, namely a sampling method known as total sampling using a proportional number of samples with a population of less than 100. Total sampling is carried out because the entire population functions as a research sample for all. The research results show that there is a negative and significant effect of FDR on the market share of Sharia Commercial Banks, CAR has no effect on the market share of Sharia Commercial Banks, DER has a positive and significant effect on the market share of Sharia Commercial Banks, ROA has a positive and significant effect on the market share of Sharia Commercial Banks.Keywords:  FDR; CAR; DER; ROA; Sharia Commercial Bank Market Share
Exercise training attenuates skeletal muscle fat infiltration and improves insulin pathway of patients with immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies and dermatomyositis
Authors: de Oliveira Diego Sales , Bruna Pires Borges Isabela , Kazue Nagahashi Marie Suely , Marcondes Lerario Antonio , Oba-Shinjo Sueli Mieko , Katsuyuki Shinjo Samuel
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects of exercise training on intramuscular lipid content and genes related to insulin pathway in patients with systemic autoimmune myopathies (SAMs).

Patients and methods: Between January 2016 and May 2019, a total of seven patients with dermatomyositis (DM; 3 males, 4 females; mean age: 49.8±2.3 years; range, 43 to 54 years), six with immune mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM; 3 males, 3 females; mean age: 58.5±10.6 years; range, 46 to 74 years), and 10 control individuals (CTRL group; 4 males, 6 females; mean age: 48.7±3.9 years; range, 41 to 56 years) were included. The muscle biopsy before and after the intervention was performed to evaluate the intramuscular lipid content. Patients underwent a combined exercise training program for 12 weeks. Skeletal muscle gene expression was analyzed and the DM versus CTRL group, DM pre- and post-, and IMNM pre- and post-intervention were compared.

Results: The DM group had a higher intramuscular lipid content in type II muscle fibers compared to the CTRL group. After the intervention, there was a reduction of lipid content in type I and II fibers in DM and IMNM group. The CTRL group showed a significantly higher expression of genes related to insulin and lipid oxidation pathways (AMPKβ2, AS160, INSR, PGC1-α, PI3K, and RAB14) compared to the DM group. After exercise training, there was an increase gene expression related to insulin pathway and lipid oxidation in DM group (AMPKβ2, AS160, INSR, PGC1-α, PI3K, and RAB14) and in IMNM group (AKT2, AMPKβ2, RAB10, RAB14, and PGC1-α).

Conclusion: Exercise training attenuated the amount of fat in type I and II muscle fibers in patients with DM and IMNM and increased gene expression related to insulin pathways and lipid oxidation in DM and IMNM. These results suggest that exercise training can improve the quality and metabolic functions of skeletal muscle in these diseases.
Effects of acute aerobic exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Bağlan Yentur Songül , Ercan Zübeyde , Deniz Gülnihal , Karataş Ahmet , Gür Mustafa , Alkan Gökhan , Serdar Koca Süleyman
Published: February 2024

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the variation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels following acute exercise in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88 participants (25 males, 63 females; mean age: 45.1±8.3 years; range, 18 to 65 years) between July 2020 and May 2021. Of the participants, 44 were RA patients, and 44 were age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Aerobic exercise was utilized in all participants for a single session. Depression and anxiety levels were evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Blood samples were collected from all subjects before and immediately after the intervention.

Results: Serum BDNF levels (both baseline and after exercise) were similar in the RA and control groups. Although serum BDNF levels significantly decreased in both groups after aerobic exercise (Wilcoxon rank p<0.05), ΔBDNF levels were significantly higher in the RA group than in the control group (p=0.047). Additionally, ΔBDNF levels were significantly correlated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores in the RA group (p<0.05) but not in the control group.

Conclusion: A single bout of exercise may effectively decrease serum BDNF levels in patients with RA and healthy subjects. The long-term effect of exercise on BDNF levels should be investigated in prospective studies.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis: A marker of disease activity and severe disease manifestations with potential therapeutic implementations
Authors: Artin Joy , Elsabagh Yumn A. , Rashed Laila , Hussein Mohamed A.
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study aims to investigate proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (d-SSc) and its relation to disease activity, severity and subclinical atherosclerosis in such group of patients.

Patients and methods: Between December 2019 and July 2021, a total of 41 patients with d-SSc (17 males, 24 females; mean age: 36.1±1.9 years; range, 19 to 58 years) and 41- age and sex-matched healthy controls (17 males, 24 females; mean age: 40.1±1.7 years; range, 20 to 60 years) were included. Disease activity and skin thickness of the patients were evaluated using the European Scleroderma Study Group (EScSG) score and modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), respectively. Serum PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Duplex ultrasound, respectively.

Results: Serum PCSK9 was higher in patients compared to controls (p=0.003), particularly in those with digital ulcer (DU) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) (p<0.001). The PCSK9 positively correlated with the mean pulmonary artery pressure, EScSG, mRSS, C-reactive protein (p<0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p<0.05), lipid profile, and mean CIMT (p<0.01). In the multivariate analysis, EScSG, mRSS, lipid profile, and waist circumference were significantly correlated with PCSK9. Serum PCSK9 levels of (182.6 ng/mL) had 77.7% sensitivity and 81.2% specificity for diagnosing DU versus (172.8 ng/mL) 90.1% and 73.5% for ILD (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Serum PCSK9 is upregulated in d-SSc with higher levels in severe disease manifestations such as DU and ILD. It is correlated well with disease activity, more severe disease manifestations, and CIMT. The PCSK9 inhibitors may be a target of therapy in diseases with premature atherosclerosis such as d-SSc regardless of its anti-cholesterol effect, at least in more severe manifestations.
John Hobson y los orígenes de la Economía Política Internacional
Authors:   Universidad del Mar, Villanueva Lira José Ricardo , Aquino Soriano Ezequiel ,   Universidad de Oxford,   Universidad del Mar
Published: February 2024

Convencionalmente, los orígenes de la Economía Política Internacional (EPI) son ubicados a inicios de los años 70. Bajo el supuesto de que las cuestiones económicas eran ignoradas por los internacionalistas antes de esa década. El propósito de este artículo es mostrar, a través del caso de John Hobson, que este no fue el caso, sino que lo que se experimentó fue una reactivación de un campo de estudio que ya estaba presente al menos desde el comienzo del siglo XX. Mediante un estudio historiográfico revisionista de los escritos sobre el imperialismo de Hobson, el presente artículo desafía la narrativa tradicional y contribuye a una mejor compresión de la historia subdisciplinaria de la EPI, al mismo tiempo que busca establecer los cimientos para futuras investigaciones sobre otros internacionalistas de principios del siglo XX.
Vigilantismo: un estudio de caso en Tamaulipas
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Fuentes Díaz Antonio
Published: February 2024

Vigilantismo y crimen organizado en Tamaulipas, coordinado por Jesús Pérez Caballero y Artemisa López León, es un libro que discute la categoría de vigilantismo aplicada al estudio de caso en ciudades y poblados de Tamaulipas. La obra utiliza la noción de vigilantismo para iluminar una serie de fenómenos presentes en el estado, que se entretejen con el de criminalidad organizada, cuyo centro de articulación es la participación de civiles en la producción de ordenamientos con ciertos grados de legitimidad, pero con distancias respecto a la legalidad.
Tendencias actuales en las relaciones de cooperación internacional para el desarrollo: ¿equilibrando la innovación y la tradición?
Authors:   Tecnológico de Monterrey, Apodaca Rodríguez Raquel
Published: February 2024

En las últimas dos décadas del siglo XXI, el marco político del desarrollo y la cooperación sufrió importantes variaciones que obligaron a las organizaciones socias de la Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (CID) a redefinir sus objetivos, roles y estrategias. Este artículo se desprende de un proyecto de investigación, de corte cualitativo y carácter inductivo, que a través de la recolección y análisis de datos empíricos analizó y abordó dichos cambios. Derivado de este proceso, se identificó, por un lado, el surgimiento de nuevas tendencias en la forma de gestionar la CID como lo son la flexibilización y el trabajo en red; por otro lado, la continuidad en el seguimiento del modelo de desarrollo basado en la teoría de la modernización y el prevalecimiento de las asimetrías entre las distintas partes involucradas. Desde el enfoque teórico de la gobernanza, el presente artículo explica la forma en la que estas tendencias están incidiendo en las relaciones entre los distintos actores del desarrollo y la cooperación internacional.
La “terrorista”, la “miliciana” y la “policía”: implicaciones de las mujeres en la violencia armada en Perú
Authors:   Institut d’Études Politiques de Paris, Boutron Camille
Published: February 2024

En Perú, las mujeres han participado históricamente en la violencia asociada al conflicto armado entre las décadas de 1980 y el 2000. A través de un examen minucioso del papel que han desempeñado las mujeres en este contexto y de la percepción que se ha forjado en torno a ellas, este artículo explora tres perfiles, que coexisten en el ámbito de este conflicto: la mujer policía, la mujer miliciana y la mujer terrorista. Los tres perfiles cometen algún tipo de transgresión frente a las expectativas asociadas al género, sin embargo, las mujeres policías −quienes ejercen una violencia legitimada como expresión del Estado− no pierden su carácter femenino en el imaginario, dado que sus cuerpos y estéticas aún cumplen con los parámetros de lo que se espera de ellas. En el caso contrario, las militantes de los movimientos radicales Partido Comunista Peruano-Sendero Luminoso y el Movimiento Revolucionario Tupac Amaru ejercen una violencia transgresora que regresa a ellas como una suerte de “contragolpe”, mientras que las mujeres que participaron en los Comités de Autodefensa han sido históricamente ignoradas, mientras que sus compañeros se han hecho un espacio entre el panteón de los “héroes de la patria”.
Violencia política contra las mujeres en legislaturas subnacionales: el caso de Quintana Roo, México
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Quintana Roo, Camal-Cheluja Tania Libertad
Published: February 2024

El avance de las reglas de paridad en México supuso haber alcanzado la igualdad plena entre mujeres y hombres que se dedican a la política; sin embargo, el avance numérico de las mujeres en los congresos exhibió que la representación descriptiva no era suficiente para eliminar los obstáculos, entre ellos la violencia política en razón de género, que impiden a las mujeres ejercer sus derechos políticos. Para confirmar la hipótesis anterior, a través de un estudio de caso local, este artículo presenta las expresiones de violencia política en razón de género, que es ejercida en contra las mujeres que incursionan en la actividad legislativa en el nivel subnacional. Se realizaron dieciséis entrevistas a profundidad a diputadas del congreso de Quintana Roo, una entrevista al secretario técnico del congreso, y dos responsables de áreas de formación política en partidos nacionales con presencia estatal, todas y todos en funciones en el periodo 2012-2022. Los hallazgos de esta investigación permiten sostener que, aunque la presencia de las mujeres en los congresos ha sido impulsada por las reglas de paridad, aún persisten prácticas que se corresponden con manifestaciones de la violencia política en razón de género, que inhiben y constriñen el ejercicio pleno de las funciones de las legisladoras.
STANDARDIZACIJA ZA DIGITALNE ULAZE I IZLAZE FUNKCIJA RELEJNE ZAŠTITE U SERIJI STANDARDA SRPS IEC 60255
Authors:   POWER AUTOMATION CONSULTING, Belgrade, serbia, Cvejić Vladan
Published: February 2024

Along with the long-term application of the SRPS IEC 61850 standard in substations at the station and field level, implementation at the process level has been covered to a lesser extent through pilot projects and series of end-user surveys. The situation on the market indicated the shortcomings of certain standards, so that the focus of further standardization was thrown further on measuring transformers as well as on digital interfaces of relay protection. For protection functions, digital signals and transmission mechanisms are defined by SRPS IEC 61850 and SRPS IEC 61869 standards. But regardless of that, the whole process and additional requirements need to be viewed from the angle of relay protection. Here it is necessary to take into account the quality of the transmitted signal, time accuracy (synchronization) as well as tests that would include the validation of correct and performance behaviour. This paper is of informative character and should present the work of IEC TC 95 (Measuring relays and relay equipment) in the field of requirements development and testing of relay protection devices with digital inputs and outputs (series of standards IEC 60255).
ANALIZA RADA SISTEMA ZAŠTITE PRILIKOM RAZDVAJANJA SINHORNIH ZONA U KONTINENTALNOJ EVROPI 8. JANUARA 2021. GODINE
Authors:   JSC ELEKTROMREZA SERBIA, Trijić Desimir , Krnajski Vladimir ,   JSC ELEKTROMREZA SERBIA, Đikić Vladimir ,   JSC ELEKTROMREZA SERBIA, Milanović Vladan ,   JSC ELEKTROMREZA SERBIA
Published: February 2024

On January 8, 2021, there was an incident at the level of interconnection in the continental part of Europe. With a series of cascading outages of the elements of the electric power system, there was a division into two synchronous areas: north-west and south-east. Periodic reports of the European Network of Transmission System Operators provide a global overview of the incident with an evaluation of the information collected so far, with further recommendations for expert analysis in order to fully understand the causes and critical moments during the disturbance. In that sense, this paper represents a contribution from the point of view of the operation of relay protection devices in the transmission system of the Republic of Serbia.