bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basura plástica, belleza oculta
Authors: Novoa Peláez Laura
Published: February 2023

Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre el reciclado de cables (alambres) eléctricos, desde su recolección, procesos de transformación, fundición y aplicación en producto. Todo esto con el fin de mostrar cómo por medio del eco-diseño se puede ayudar al medio ambiente con procesos sencillos, tecnología apropiada y utilizando materia prima que se está desperdiciando con malos tratamientos. Se realizó un análisis de los diferentes desperdicios que se encontraban en las construcciones, tomando como material el cable; después se inicio un proceso de experimentación para conocer sus cualidades, llegando a plantear diversas propuestas, para llegar al desarrollo de una máquina que permitirá la fundición de la fibra y así obtener una nueva presentación del material, aplicado a diversos elementos de moda.
Estimación de la eficiencia del sistema bancario en Colombia: análisis de frontera estocástica 1995-2006
Authors: Aranda León Valery , Garrido Devia Lady Viviana , Pareja Giraldo Lady Carolina
Published: February 2023

En este trabajo se evalúa el desempeño del sistema bancario en Colombia durante el período 1995-2006, utilizando la técnica de frontera estocástica (SFA); específicamente, a partir de la estimación de las desviaciones de una función ideal de costos, se cuantificarán los niveles de eficiencia económica de las diversas unidades de producción. En esta primera parte se hace referencia al planteamiento del problema, seguido por la contextualización del sistema bancario colombiano.
La lectura en la primera infancia
Authors: Ramírez Noreña Carlos Alberto , de Castro Daza Diana Patricia
Published: February 2023

En este artículo se aborda la lectura en la primera infancia, entendida en un sentido amplio en el que se leen signos icónicos y lingüísticos con la intención de construir horizontes de sentido y significados a través de la interpretación y comprensión de los textos. La lectura se aborda desde la interacción entre el niño, los adultos que acompañan las narraciones y el texto, destacando que la lectura supera la decodificación para convertirse en un fenómeno en el cual el sujeto encuentra respuestas a los enigmas, emociones y sentimientos. Por ello, conocer los acercamientos de los niños a los textos permite vislumbrar cómo los educadores promueven e incentivan el deseo por la lectura y la posibilidad de resignificación de esta experiencia.
Condiciones de la escritura que transforman los funcionamientos cognitivos del sujeto
Authors: Ocampo Álzate María Luisa , De Castro Daza Diana Patricia
Published: February 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es dar cuenta de las diferentes características del lenguaje oral y escrito, y cómo este último influye en el funcionamiento cognitivo del sujeto. Para el cumplimiento de tal objetivo, se presentan las condiciones de la oralidad y de la escritura, al tiempo que se establecen semejanzas y diferencias entre ambos registros. Entre los funcionamientos propios de la escritura se identifican la descontextualización, la interacción diferida, la cosificación y la bidireccionalidad que impactan al sujeto y transforman su nivel cognitivo. Finalmente, es necesario reconocer el papel que ha desempeñado el lenguaje escrito, puesto que ha posibilitado liberar la mente de los seres humanos, abrir sus horizontes frente a la identificación de nuevos intereses, de temáticas que conllevan a la reflexión y a la construcción de nuevos conocimientos.
Producción investigativa sobre el tema de familia en el área metropolitana centro de occidente, de 1994 hasta el 2010: análisis reflexivo acerca del estado del arte
Authors: Betancur Tabares Mónica Andrea , Ospina Botero Mireya , Vanderbilt Martínez Alex Antonio
Published: February 2023

El artículo teórico pretende realizar un análisis reflexivo acerca del estado del arte sobre la producción investigativa en el tema de familia; dicho proceso comprenderá desde el año de 1994 hasta el 2010 en el área Metropolitana Centro Occidente, con el fin de identificar las temáticas abordadas por los autores en esta área de conocimiento, las preocupaciones centrales, las tendencias conceptuales y las metodologías implementadas a la hora de investigar la familia como objeto de estudio. Este trabajo posibilitó conocer las trasformaciones y los cambios en las dinámicas familiares, se enfatizó en la situación actual de las familias colombianas con el fin de identificar la población y las temáticas poco abordadas por los autores. Se espera retomar, en próximos procesos, rutas investigativas que permitan evidenciar las problemáticas y las necesidades de las familias del momento.
La racionalidad en la toma de decisiones
Authors: López Castaño Samuel , Salazar Yepes Gloria Stella , Gil Ospina Armando
Published: February 2023

El propósito del colectivo de estudiantes y maestros es contribuir con la formación del espíritu investigativo, mediante un problema común que proponen los profesores de tercer semestre y que los estudiantes deben estructurar a partir de las relaciones que existen entre la microeconomía, la contabilidad financiera y la epistemología para la toma de decisiones. El núcleo que articula el problema es la toma de decisiones como proceso racional, con limitaciones y también con herramientas, procesos y modelos que disminuyen la incertidumbre. Metodológicamente, los estudiantes entrevistan a un empresario o gerente sobre los motivos, principios y el proceso que sigue para tomar decisiones, y luego comparan sus hallazgos con la matriz teórica que construyen alrededor de la racionalidad y la toma de decisiones. Los profesores aportan un marco teórico, posibles preguntas de investigación y bibliografía para que los estudiantes tengan un referente investigativo.
Relación bilateral Colombo-Suiza: efectos en el sector lácteo Colombiano en el periodo 1992-2007
Authors: Flórez Navarro Joseph , Chujfi Salazar Nayla , Salazar Uribe Ariatna , Arias Toro Ángela María , Vásquez Juan Alejandro
Published: February 2023

De 1992 a 2007, el sector lácteo colombiano se encontró de diferentes maneras influenciado por las grandes empresas lácteas suizas que han operado en el país desde el origen del Tratado de Amistad, Establecimiento y Comercio en el año 1908. En esta reseña se describen los efectos comerciales generados en el sector lácteo nacional por las empresas suizas y se analiza el conflicto presentado entre el sector lácteo colombiano y las multinacionales helvéticas.
Triturados y concretos Ltda.
Authors: Medina Ospina Catalina , Sanz Gómez Jhon Alexander , García Acevedo Jhonatan
Published: February 2023

Este documento se realiza con el fin de fortalecer los conocimientos adquiridos en el proceso de formación, tanto teórica como técnica, en el programa de Administración de Empresas. La Universidad está interesada en que los estudiantes conozcan la realidad empresarial para que estudien de manera crítica sus prácticas organizacionales y las condiciones del desempeño en las áreas financiera, de gestión humana y mercadeo.
GL Ingenieros
Authors: Castaño Giraldo Gustavo Adolfo , Chujfi Salazar Karim , Pineda Ramírez Sergio Andrés
Published: February 2023

Por su complejidad e importancia, las organizaciones necesitan ser administradas con base en conocimiento técnico y en el seguimiento de los cambios que presenta su entorno. En este trabajo se hace énfasis en la administración financiera y en la gestión del talento humano para analizar algunas variables que intervienen en el funcionamiento de la organización GL Ingenieros S.A., que pertenece al sector de servicios eléctricos y actúa a nivel nacional.
La vidriera del Otún
Authors: Agudelo Giraldo Stephania , Eusse Tangarife Luis Felipe , Vélez Gil Diana Carolina
Published: February 2023

El colectivo de los estudiantes de quinto semestre de Administración de Empresas tiene como objetivo describir el funcionamiento de las Pymes del Área Metropolitana Centro Occidente y observar cómo se aplican los procesos financieros, de mercadeo y de talento humano. El interés de estudiar las Pymes radica en su aporte al desarrollo económico y social local, regional y nacional.
Espacios efímeros universitarios
Authors: Nieto Angie
Published: February 2023

El trabajo del colectivo 56 de los programas de Diseño Industrial y Arquitectura se enmarcó en el evento institucional CONECTA y apoyó la reflexión del proyecto sobre Diseño y teoría del programa. Este documento pretende describir el proceso que se llevó a cabo para el desarrollo de espacios efímeros dentro del campus de la UCP, ya que representa uno de los tópicos con mayor demanda, desarrollo y complementariedad en el ejercicio profesional entre diseñadores industriales y arquitectos, debido a las características del mercado, aspectos culturales e institucionales y las nuevas tecnologías de la información, la comunicación y la construcción.
Concepto articulado a la proyección objetual
Authors: Rayo Cardona Daniela
Published: February 2023

Este documento responden el siguiente interrogante: ¿Cómo se ve reflejado el concepto de diseño en un producto? La reflexión se realiza a partir de conocimientos adquiridos durante el proceso académico del Colectivo de IV semestre en diseño industrial, y sustentados a través de material bibliográfico involucrado en el tema general del diseño industrial.
¿El diseño de empaques puede contribuir al desarrollo local?
Authors: Ortiz Tamayo Laura Melissa
Published: February 2023

En este artículo se describirá el proceso desarrollado para dar una solución de diseño en la Asociación de Pequeños Cafeteros de Quinchía (APECAFEQ). Se planteó un empaque para café como apoyo al sector agroindustrial. El café es el recurso con el que puede hacerse competitivo el país y generar ingresos estables, para no ser arrollados por la explosión de la globalización.
Material didáctico para niños de escuelas rurales basado en el valor del paisaje cultural cafetero
Authors: Osorio Martínez Angélica
Published: February 2023

El semillero Cultura del Diseño, del grupo de investigación Diseño, Tecnología y Cultura, inició en 2009 la investigación “Cultura Material Cafetera”, liderada por la docente Yaffa Nahir Gómez Barrera. Allí se 2 estableció un estado del arte y posteriormente se continuó trabajando hasta el 2012, estableciendo una valoración de los objetos que hacen parte de la cultura cafetera. Es así como se presenta la oportunidad de formular un proyecto enfocado al desarrollo de material didáctico para la población infantil de las escuelas rurales del departamento de Risaralda, que sirva de apoyo en procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje con respecto al valor que posee dicho patrimonio, digno de ser reconocido y conservado.
Sistema integral para mejorar la seguridad, el transporte y la manipulación de termos criogénicos en Cartago, Valle
Authors: González Soler Laura
Published: February 2023

La ganadería es una actividad que progresa día a día e implementa soluciones agropecuarias, como la inseminación artificial, favoreciendo el perfeccionamiento de embriones y permitiéndole al ganadero disponer de características genéticas para sus animales. Se tiene en cuenta que todo el material genético es almacenado en termos criogénicos, lo que exige un manejo cuidadoso en su transporte, con el usuario como en el vehículo. Esta investigación diseñó un sistema integral para mejorar la seguridad, el transporte y la manipulación de termos criogénicos en zonas rurales.
Parque infantil en escuelas públicas rurales para el afianzamiento psicomotor
Authors: Parra Cuenca Ana María
Published: February 2023

La educación rural colombiana ha venido desvirtuando las potencialidades del acto del juego en los estudiantes, pero actualmente las escuelas no poseen los instrumentos adecuados para el libre esparcimiento de los niños o los elementos que conservan se encuentran desgastados y corroídos. Este informe pretende dar una solución real a la problemática de los parques infantiles propios del contexto de la educación rural. Se analizaron tipologías existentes, el estado actual de las escuelas rurales en el Valle del Cauca, teorías sobre el juego y la psicomotricidad, entre otros, que permitieron ampliar conceptos sobre la recreación infantil y la implementación de prácticas agrícolas, con el fin de llegar a resultados que favorezcan a una comunidad relegada por muchos entes gubernamentales.
Perspektif Hadis Tentang Teori Belajar Behavioristik (Studi Kitab Ar-Rasul Al-Muallim)
Authors: Ihsan Zaimul , Fitriani Wahidah
Published: February 2023

This study examines hadiths that are directly related to behavioristic learning theory in concept and practice. The formulation of learning theories by western experts does not necessarily deny the concepts and teachings of the Prophet who have already perfected theory and practice. This research uses literature study techniques to obtain qualitative results by being described using data reduction methods from various sources, then displayed properly. The result of this study is that the application of this behavioristic learning theory has been preceded by the Messenger of Allah as the best educator of all time. The important concept of the environment as a shaper of behavior (charity) has been explained in the noble hadith. Regarding stimulus (motivation / reward or punishment) and response has also been practiced by him Saw. Likewise, the important role of learning preparation, practice and repetition as well as impact analysis, as well as rewarding and response to dislike behavior then gently reprimanding is a concept that has been used by the Prophet since long ago.
Tradisi Pembacaan Qulhu Tiga Malam Selepas Kepergian Mayit Tinjauan Studi Living Qur’an
Authors: Rambe Devi Yanti , Hafizzullah Hafizzullah
Published: February 2023

There are verses of the Qur'an that live in the community of Kotapinang District, South Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra Province, this tradition has been carried out by the community for generations, where the tradition is in the form of a tradition of reading qulhu three nights after the departure of the dead in a death ritual. The aims of this study are: To describe the practice of reciting qulhu three nights after the death of the deceased. The type of research used is field research or (field research). with a phenomenological approach. Then the data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. The results show that, the practice of carrying out the tradition of reading qulhu three nights after the departure of the deceased has variations, basically for the verses / surahs that are read the same as well as additional readings in addition to the verses that are read, it's just that the placement of the readings is different every night.
Authors: Seputri Wirda , Yafiz Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh kepercayaan, budaya, gaya hidup, dan literasi keuangan terhadap keputusan generasi  Z menggunakan QRIS sebagai alat transaksi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode  kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan teknik simple random sampling sebanyak 98 responden. Kepercayaan, budaya, gaya hidup dan literasi keuangan memiliki kontribusi sebesar 73,5% terhadap keputusan generasi Z menggunakan QRIS, sisanya 26,5% dijelaskan oleh variabel lainnya diluar model penelitian ini. Hasil dari uji parsial disimpulkan bahwa variabel kepercayaan, budaya dan gaya hidup berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan menggunakan QRIS pada generasi Z. Variabel literasi keuangan berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan generasi Z menggunakan QRIS. Berdasarkan uji ANOVA, F-hitung diperoleh sebesar 64,431 lebih besar dari F-tabel (2.47), dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepercayaan, budaya, gaya hidup, dan literasi keuangan berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap keputsan geerasi Z menggunakan Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) sebagai alat transaksi digital
Efektivitas Peran BankZiska: Ancaman Bagi Bank Thithil?
Authors: Futaqi Faruq Ahmad , Susanti Liana Dewi , Ulya Husna Ni’matul
Published: February 2023

The proliferation of moneylenders or thithil banks is a problem for micro-enterprises’ sustainability. Many micro-businesses are in high-interest loan debt, causing business losses, one of which is in the Ponorogo area. BankZiska was established in 2020, focusing on exempting micro-enterprises from the entanglement of moneylenders. Its existence in society is well received with the concept of loans without additional fines. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of BankZiska's role in freeing the public from the entanglement of moneylenders. This research uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis. The study results show that the effectiveness of BankZiska's role in liberating micro-enterprises from moneylenders is reviewed with an objective, source, and process approach that has yet to be effective. However, BankZiska showed significant developments quantitatively, with a decrease in the number of BankZiska partners free from moneylenders and a decrease in the number of thithil banks due to the penetration of BankZiska. BankZiska has reduced the number of moneylenders who ensnare its partners by 38% and freed 20% of them from the entanglement of moneylenders.
Pembuatan Nata De Perepat sebagai Materi pada Pokok Bahasan Fermentasi di SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat
Authors: Budiarti Retni Sulistiyoning , Harlis Harlis , Aina Mia , Martaniari Raissa
Published: February 2023

One of the service activities carried out by the academic community of FKIP Jambi University is providing information about the making of nata de perepat which is being carried out at SMA N 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat. The condition of the area which is dominated by mangrove plants makes this area a commodity producing fasteners. The work methods that have been carried out include: demonstrations or performances interspersed with lecture and question and answer methods. The resource person shows the steps for making nata, then asks questions and answers about things that are not understood. As a continuation of this activity, there was a cooperation agreement to practice biology subject teachers directly to be applied during the learning process in fermentation. The results of the initial observations obtained through interviews with one of the teachers and several students at SMAN 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat that the mangrove area has never been used as a learning resource where students can take contextual knowledge in everyday life. One alternative solution that can be done is to utilize the perepat fruit that is in the environment by processing it into nata de perepat which has a high enough nutritional value for the surrounding community, in particular it can increase the knowledge and stale information of students at SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat regarding fruit processing.
Algorithms analysis for solving geometrically nonlinear mechanics problems in the scheme of the semi-analytical finite element method
Authors: Solodei Ivan , Kozub Yurii , Stryhun Ruslan , Shovkivska Viktoriia
Published: February 2023

The effectiveness of using the semi-analytical finite element method (SAFEM) to research geometrically nonlinear construction mechanics problems for 3D bodies of revolution under the arbitrary loads based on a basic ring finite element is considered. An estimate of the rational application parameters of algorithms for taking into account the geometric nonlinearity of a defined above structures class, which has been obtained.
In the process of numerically solving spatial problems of the theory of elasticity and plasticity with finite displacements, the choice of rational algorithms for solving systems of nonlinear equations is of fundamental importance. It is conditioned by the need of determining the coordinates of the discrete model in the actual configuration and changing the metric characteristics of the finite elements, which, in its turn, leads to the necessity for multiple solutions of systems of nonlinear equations of high order. Due to the introduction of additional hypotheses that do not reduce the accuracy of the approximation: the representation of deformations and stresses in physical terms and in accordance with the moment scheme of the finite element (MSFEM), it is possible, on the one hand, to avoid the time-consuming procedure of numerical integration over the cross-sectional area of the finite element, on the other hand- to maintain a high efficiency of spatial discretization. An important stage in the implementation of computer systems for solving spatial problems is the selection of optimal, from the point of the solution convergence speed and algorithms for solving equilibrium equations. The specificity of the algebraic equations of the SAFEM is conditioned by violation of the trigonometric function orthogonality in the space of the elasticity operator for bodies with variable stiffness and mass parameters along the guide. The clearly defined block structure of the stiffness matrix became the basis for using algorithms combining direct and iterative methods of solving. The reliability of the obtained results and the effectiveness of the approach are confirmed by the solution of a wide range of control examples under various boundary conditions and external loads.
Study of non-metallic reinforcement influence on the characteristics of cement concrete beam samples properties
Authors: Gameliak Ihor , Kulak Volodymyr , Tsybulskyi Vitalii , Kharchenko Anna
Published: February 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the strength characteristics of beams reinforced with non-matel rods. Tests were performed on concrete samples reinforced with composite and metal reinforcement of different diameters. Based on the results of the study, the tensile strength in bending and the modulus of elasticity of beams with composite reinforcement were determined. Graphs of the dependence of the beam deflections on the load are constructed based on the results of testing concrete samples reinforced with metal and polymer reinforcement. A comparative analysis of the work of metal and polymer reinforcement in concrete was carried out using the example of a rod with a diameter of 8 mm, which indicated higher strength characteristics of composite reinforcement. In turn, the tensile strength in bending of samples with composite and steel reinforcement, respectively, with a diameter of 8 mm and 10 mm has adjacent values. This allows in practice to use composite reinforcement with a smaller cross section.
The corresponding work of reinforced concrete samples was modeled in the Lira-SAPR software package. The simulation results showed that the reduced deflection of beams reinforced with composite rods at a load of 30 kN, 40 kN has an average deviation of -22%. At the same time, the reduced deflection of samples reinforced with metal rods has a higher convergence with the experimental values and a discrepancy within 10%. Thus, the modeling of the operation of beams with composite reinforcement in software systems requires clarification, or the introduction of additional coefficients in the calculations.
The results of testing samples of beams and analysis of the properties of non-metallic reinforcement make it possible to prepare proposals for the use of a new type of reinforcement and engineering calculation of cement concrete structures reinforced with fiberglass rods.
The Analysis of the Continuous Fracture Process of the Steam-Turbine Rotor with the Local Defect
Authors: Pyskunov Serhii , Ostapenko Roman , Kara Iryna
Published: February 2023

Main factors that determine the steam-turbine rotors work lifetime which work in a long-term load circumstances under an influence of high temperatures are the accumulation of creep deformations and the concomitant accumulation of the damage of the material. The heterogeneity of the material leads to the nascence of the defect that is the concentrator of stresses. To describe the dispersed damages impact on the construction material strength the function of the damage is applied the value of what changes during the operation process. To perform the research discrete models with N = 235, N = 731 and N = 2047 are considered. Using thicker discrete models allows clarifying the rotor basic lifetime value on 2% and 1% respectively. For the finite-element model with N = 731 the rotor basic lifetime value in the presence of the defect is 104000 hours that is less by 15% than in the absence of the defect. The rotor additional lifetime value is 6000 hours. The maximum value of the damage parameter can be observed on isolines nearby the defect at the moment of time 2200 hours and the difference between maximum values of the damage parameter for the rotor with the defect and hereunto is 30% that increases over time to 70%. After 104000 hours the accumulation region of the maximum values of the damage parameter increases in both directions of the rotor cross-section over time in such way that the augment of the maximum values of the damage parameter occurs more intensively in the rotation axis direction. At the moment of time 107000 hours the correlation between dimensions of the continuous fracture region in axes directions is 2/3 and to the moment of time 110000 hours is about 1/2. The value of the damage parameter in finite elements those border with the fracture region doesn’t exceed 0,3 scilicet the accumulation of the damage is local.
Drive power minimization of outreach change mechanism of tower crane during steady-state slewing mode
Authors: Loveikin Viacheslav , Romasevych Yurii , Loveikin Andrii , Liashko Anastasiia , Pochka Kostiantyn , Balaka Maksym
Published: February 2023

The variational problem of the movement mode selection for the load outreach change mechanism during a steady-state tower crane slewing was formulated and solved in the paper, that ensures the minimization of the drive motor power. We used a dynamic model of the outreach change mechanism for research work, which presented the mechanical system with three degrees of freedom. The formulated variational problem is nonlinear, and so we used the modified PSO-Rot-Ring particle swarm metaheuristic method for its solution. The analytical solution of another variational problem for the same model of the crane mechanism and an optimization criterion close in physical content was used as the solution initial approximation of the nonlinear variational problem to save calculated resources. The starting mode of the mechanism drive for the load outreach change was determined during the solution of the nonlinear variational problem, which ensures the root-mean-square value minimization of the drive motor power. Low- and high-frequency oscillations of the outreach change mechanism elements during the start-up were detected in the optimization process. The first oscillations are caused by the load rocking on the flexible suspension during the start-up, and the second – by the nature of the change in the driving moment and drive power. These oscillations are eliminated in the section of steady-state movement due to the selection of the motion boundary conditions, which are taken into account in the solution process of the variational problem.
Determination of the enclosed-type field fortifications structures resistance against the nuclear explosion shock wave
Authors: Kosenko Vitalii , Voloshchenko Oleksandr , Kushnirenko Mykola
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the article is to publish the results of research on determining the stability of the structures of enclosed-type field fortification structures against the nuclear explosion shock wave.

Having received a worthy repulse of aggression, assessing its losses and the capabilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Russia moved to direct threats to use nuclear weapons.

With this development of the war, the protection of our troops must be carried out by sheltering personnel, weapons and equipment in the enclosed type field fortifications; the stability of these structures must be sufficient, in particular, to counteract the nuclear explosion shock wave.

Calculation of the stability of such structures against the nuclear explosion shock wave is proposed to be carried out in two stages.

At the first stage, the estimated loads of the nuclear explosion shock wave on the main protective elements of the fortification are calculated. The calculation is based on the law of similarity during explosions, which allows determining the parameters of the shock wave at different distances from the epicenter of a nuclear explosion.

At the second stage, the actual stress during dynamic loads, which occurs as a result of the impact of a shock wave on the structure of a certain fortification structure, is determined.

The basis of the calculations at this stage is the determination of the moment of resistance of the fortification structure elements, the load intensity, the bending moment for an evenly distributed load on the main structural elements, and the compressive force transmitted through these elements.

Each stage of calculations is illustrated by examples. The proposed procedure for determining the stability of structures of the enclosed-type field fortifications against the nuclear explosion shock wave allows you to choose the material of the right size for these structures, which will ensure the stability of their functioning and the necessary survivability of personnel during a nuclear explosion.
Determination of the stress-deformed state of a multilayer composite
Authors: Belmas Ivan , Bilous Olena , Tantsura Hanna
Published: February 2023

An analytical determination algorithm was developed in the linear formulation, and a particular case of determining the stress-deformed state of a multilayer composite material was investigated. The algorithm is based on the use of the stress function (Ery) and the dependence of all indicators of the stress-deformed state of the material of each layer on its shape. Possible external factors affecting the composite structure are given. For the general case of building a composite structure, the sequence of adding the matrix of coefficients and the vector of free members of the system of linear algebraic equations is formed. The solution of the system of algebraic equations is proposed to be carried out by a method similar to the pre-race method, but for blocks of four equations supplemented by two equations of the influence of the previous layer in the calculation. As a result of actions similar to direct and reverse pre-race, we will obtain vectors of coefficient values of expressions of indicators of the stress-deformed state of the material of all layers as component sums.
The acceptability of the algorithm for determining stresses and spatial deformations in a separate case of loading a composite sample with square layers is proven. The possibility of using the algorithm for the case of a significant (infinitely large) thickness the farthest from the loaded layer of the composite structure and single-layer (monolithic) material is shown. The following is established: characteristics of the distribution of normal stresses and displacements in the loaded layer of a two-layer composite material. They qualitatively coincide for different values of the Poisson coefficients of the layer materials. The amplitude of stress relief and displacements across the thickness of the loaded layer increases with a decrease in Poisson's ratio. The ratio of extreme values of normal stresses in the material of the loaded layer depends not only on the ratio of the shear moduli or the longitudinal elasticity moduli but also on the ratio of the values of the Poisson coefficients of the materials of the layers.
Criteria of thermochemical conditions of steam gas explosions in dynamic accident modes at nuclear power units with WWER reactors
Authors: Vashchenko Volodymyr M. , Skalozubov Volodymyr I. , Korduba Iryna B. , Kosenko Serhiy I. , Zhukova Olena H.
Published: February 2023

The main lessons of the major accident at the Fukushima-Daiichi NPP in 2011 for the nuclear power industry identify the need to model, analyze and develop emergency measures for relatively unlikely events with catastrophic environmental consequences, taking into account multiple failures of safety systems. Steam-gas explosions became one of the main causes of the catastrophic environmental consequences of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents. Criteria and conditions for the occurrence of steam-gas explosions in dynamic emergency modes in the "tight" reactor circuit of nuclear power reactor units (NPP) with water-water reactors (WWER) with failures of safety systems valves and emergency steam gas removal are determined by the rate of change of thermodynamic and physico-chemical parameters. A method for determining the criteria and conditions for the occurrence of steam-gas explosions in dynamic accident modes with a "tight" reactor circuit and failure of safety valves for modeling the initial emergency events – seismic effects, falling of massive objects, etc. is presented. The conditions for the occurrence of hydrogen explosions are determined by the maximum rate of increase in the temperature of fuel oil shells, and the conditions for steam explosions are determined by the maximum rate of pressure increase as a result of the intensification of vaporization processes. The criteria for the occurrence of steam explosions in dynamic emergency modes are determined by the maximum pressure amplitude and the propagation speed of acoustic disturbances in the steam volume. And the criteria for hydrogen detonation in dynamic emergency modes are determined by the maximum amplitude of the increase in the temperature of the fuel shells and the average flow rate of the coolant in the active zone of the reactor.
The geo-information system of environmental security of the "Gorgany" nature reserve in the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors: Zorin Denys O.
Published: February 2023

Among the protected territories of the Ukrainian Carpathians, the nature reserve "Gorgany" in the Ivano-Frankivsk region is an example of a rich diversity of natural conditions and natural resources. The reserve has an area of 5,344 hectares and was organized in 1996 in Prydovbushansky Gorgany. There are 3 legacy zones and 10 components of environmental audit: lithosphere (geological environment), geophysisphere (physical fields), geomorphosphere (relief), hydrosphere, atmosphere, pedosphere, phytosphere, zoosphere, sociosphere and technosphere. The latter "presses" on the previous 9, creating the ecological situation of the territory. The basis of research is natural-anthropogenic geosystem. Research materials are obtained according to the algorithm, starting with field research with sampling, their analysis for toxic elements and substances, building databases of environmental information, and ending with the compilation of elemental and component-by-element ecological-technogeochemical computer maps and a general ecological map safety. It is proposed to organize a geo-informational model for the protection of the safety of the nature reserve "Gorgany".
Prognosis models of nitrates and orthophosphates content in surface waters
Authors: Mitryasova Olena P. , Shybanova Alla M. , Dzhumelia Elvira A.
Published: February 2023

The dynamics of hydrochemical parameters such as nitrates, and orthophosphates of surface waters were analyzed. Based on the analysis of wide temporal monitoring data, of prognosis nitrates and orthophosphates of the surface waters were carried out.The purpose is an assessment of the state of the surface water by nitrates and orthophosphates hydrochemical parameters and their regression analysis.The object of research – was to determine nitrates and orthophosphates indicators of the river water state during 12 years.The regression analysis method using the Windows Excel CurveExpert software was used to determine the empirical dependencies and search for connections.Against the background of high regulation of the Inhul river basin (the presence of 770 ponds and an irrigation system on 33 hectares, water use is carried out by more than 20 enterprises) showed the periodic nature of changes in hydrochemical parameters. Based on the obtained functions, prognoses to 2030 on annual averages were developed. The study is the basis for determining the mathematical model of natural fluctuations of the research indicators. Regression analysis allows obtaining a sinusoidal dependence on the orthophosphates content, which demonstrates 13 years fluctuation (R = 0.90). We have an 11-year sinusoidal wave with a period of 10 years and fairly high representativeness (R = 0.85) for nitrate content. The determined sinusoidal dependences of the integrated indicators of water quality allowed determining the average time of fluctuations concerning the processes of self-organization of river waters, which is about 11 years, and confirms the theory of "waves of life". The surface waters of the river are capable of self-renewal and their hydrochemical status has not yet reached a critical point, after which irreversible changes in the river ecosystem may occur.
Determination of the norms for the transportation of household waste for Hirska amalgamated territorial community settlements
Authors: Satin Ihor V. , Khytruk Serhii V. , Panchenko Olena S.
Published: February 2023

Solving the problem of household waste management is based on determining the amount of waste generated. It is important to conduct research for both urban and rural settlements with different degrees of coverage of the population by a centralized system of collection and removal of household waste in order to obtain more reliable results. The purpose of the work is to improve methodological approaches to determining the norms of providing services for the transportation of household waste in populated areas. Analysis of literature data shows that there is no valid data on field measurements and their results, and there are no consistent forms of presentation of the obtained results. This makes it impossible to compare them and carry out a deeper analysis to identify the dependence of the calculated accumulation rates on the population and the level of coverage by the centralized collection system and transportation of household waste in cities, territorial communities and villages. This article presents field studies performed to determine the volume of household waste generation from the sources of its generation. On-site measurements were carried out on the territory of the Hirska Amalgamated Territorial Community.
INSPIRING MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
Authors: Bushuyev Sergiy , Sukach Sergiy , Bushuyeva Victoria
Published: February 2023

The role and place of inspiring management in the management of projects for the
creation of information technologies for the development of organizations is considered.
A conceptual model of inspiring management in the processes of managing innovative
projects based on entrepreneurial energy (enthalpy according to the law of
thermodynamics) is presented. The impact of inspirational management on the life cycle
of innovative projects regarding the development of knowledge and management
technologies is determined. The key competences and priorities of the organization
regarding the implementation of the sustainable development strategy are considered. In
the process of research, two models of sustainable development were chosen based on the
application of innovative projects. The first model defines three levels of creative
competences – linear, literal and holistic. Within the limits of this model, the
qualitative effects of individual competencies on the formation of inspiring management
are defined on the example. The second model is related to the application of the system
of knowledge and competencies for the management of innovative projects and P2M
programs. Within this model, the priority competencies that form inspiring project
management are defined. As part of the assessment, a model of the influence of inspiring
management on inspiring intuition in the processes of implementing innovative projects
and programs was built.
MINERAL EXTRACTION WASTES: CURRENT STATUS AND EXISTING WAYS OF REDUCING THEIR
ACCUMULATION
Authors: Trach Yuliia
Published: February 2023

In the process of extraction and processing of minerals, waste is always
generated, and secondary products can accumulate. The waste of the mining and processing
industry accounts for the largest amount of waste among all existing branches of human
economic activity. The most rational area of application of by-products of mining
enterprises is the industry of non-metallic building materials. This is mainly due to
their relative environmental safety. Man-made deposits, as the enrichment technology and
the corresponding equipment are improved, already have and may in the near future
acquire significant industrial importance. Taking into account their negative impact on
the environmental where they are located and the lack of free territories and funds for
the construction of new dumps and tailings storage facilities, it can be argued that
solving issues related to the development of man-made deposits is becoming particularly
relevant. Considering this, one of the possible fields of their use is environmental
technologies. Ecological engineering allows the introduction of biological and chemical
methods and systems that exist in nature for the study and design of engineering systems
and modern approaches and technologies. Industrial ecology (IE) is the study of material
and energy flows through industrial systems. The global industrial economy can be
modelled as a network of industrial processes that extract resources from the Earth and
transform those resources into products and services which can be bought and sold to
meet the needs of humanity. Industrial ecology seeks to quantify the material flows and
document the industrial processes that make modern society function. Industrial
ecologists are often concerned with the impacts that industrial activities have on the
environment, with use of the planet's supply of natural resources, and with problems of
waste disposal. Industrial ecology is a young but growing multidisciplinary field of
research which combines aspects of engineering, economics, sociology, toxicology and the
natural sciences. Industrial ecology has been defined as a "systems-based,
multidisciplinary discourse that seeks to understand emergent behavior of complex
integrated human/natural systems". The field approaches issues of sustainability by
examining problems from multiple perspectives, usually involving aspects of sociology,
the environment, economy and technology. The name comes from the idea that the analogy
of natural systems should be used as an aid in understanding how to design sustainable
industrial systems.
A NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR HUMAN FACE BOUNDARY DETECTION
Authors: Bushuyev Sergiy , Kulakov Yurii , Tereikovska Liudmyla , Tereikovskyi Ihor , Tereikovskyi Oleh
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the implementation of means of recognition of the emotional state
by the image of the face into the personnel management system is well-founded. It is
shown that the implementation of such tools leads to the need to adapt the values of
architectural parameters of neural network models for detecting the boundaries of target
objects on bitmap images to the expected conditions of use. An approach to determining
the most effective type of neural network model is proposed, which involves expert
evaluation of the effectiveness of acceptable types of models and conducting computer
experiments to make a final decision. As a result of the conducted research, it was
determined that among the types of neural network models tested in the task of
segmentation of raster images, the U-Net model is the most effective for detecting
facial borders on small raster images. Using this neural network model provides a mask
selection accuracy of 0.88. At the same time, the necessity of improving the
mathematical support, which is used to determine the accuracy of face border detection,
is determined. It is also advisable to correlate the ways of further research with the
correction of typical shortcomings associated with the incorrect marking of the
boundaries of various objects that are perceived by the neural network model as a human
face.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES WHEN EXECUTING CONTROL OF PUBLIC FINANCES IN
THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY
Authors: Laposha Dmytro
Published: February 2023

The article substantiates the necessity and importance of the implementation of
digital technologies in the control of public finances in the territorial community,
which is a requirement of the time and a continuation of the state digitalization
policy. Modern trends in the digital transformation of public finance control mechanisms
have been identified and characterized. The need to use automated information systems
and digital technologies to increase the effectiveness of public finance control is
considered, which is due to the following factors: significant volumes of information
that need to be processed; requirements for the speed and quality of inspections;
laboriousness of control procedures; the specificity and diversity of inspection
objects; cyclicality of the control technological process; the need for quick and
complete error detection. The important elements of the implementation of digital
technologies at the state level were analyzed and the problems of digitalization of
control over the public finances of the territorial community were identified. The tasks
of information systems of financial control and analysis are defined. The needs of
digital development in the context of public finance control, features of domestic and
foreign experience in software application in the field of public finance control are
considered. The stages of establishing control over public finances of territorial
communities are defined, they include: 1) informing; 2) error processing; 3)
interaction; 4) innovative processing; 5) transformation. Important elements of IT tools
and technologies affecting the development of control in the territorial community, such
as artificial intelligence, Blockchain, cloud technologies, Dashboard, verification and
validation of data, are studied. The advantages and benefits that can be obtained by
implementing digital technologies in the work of control bodies are shown. The state is
making a gradual transition from informatization and e-government to digitalization and
digital management based on the use of Big Data with the transition to "deep machine
learning" and the use of artificial intelligence (IoT). Conclusions are made about the
need for digitalization of control over public finances in the territorial community,
since it is the territorial community that can benefit the most from investments in
digital technologies that will ensure the effectiveness of local self-government and
socio-economic development of communities.