bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent strategies for improving the performances of rechargeable lithium batteries with sulfur- and oxygen-based conversion cathodes
Authors: Ren Yao , Fan Jun-sheng , Fu Yong-zhu
Published: April 2023

The energy density of lithium-ion batteries based on intercalated electrode materials has reached its upper limit, which makes it challenging to meet the growing demand for high-energy storage systems. Electrode materials based on conversion reactions such as sulfur, organosulfides, and oxygen involving breakage and reformation of chemical bonds can provide higher specific capacity and energy density. In addition, they usually consist of abundant elements, making them renewable. Although they have the aforementioned benefits, they face numerous challenges for practical applications. For example, the cycled products of sulfur and molecular organosulfides could be soluble in a liquid electrolyte, resulting in the shuttle effect and significant capacity loss. The discharged product of oxygen is Li2O2, which could result in high charge overpotential and decomposition of the electrolyte. In this review, we present an overview of the current strategies for improving the performances of lithium-sulfur, lithium-organosulfide, and lithium-oxygen batteries. First, we summarize the efforts to overcome the issues facing sulfur and organosulfide cathodes, as well as the strategies to increase the capacity of organosulfides. Then, we introduce the latest research progress on catalysts in lithium-oxygen batteries. Finally, we summarize and provide outlooks for the conversion of electrode materials.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA LEVEL APPROACH TECHNIQUES TO SOLVE UNBALANCED DATA CASE ON SOFTWARE DEFECT CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Rahardian Hanif , Mohammad Reza Faisal  , Friska Abadi  , Radityo Adi Nugroho  , Rudy Herteno
Published: April 2023

Defects can cause significant software rework, delays, and high costs, to prevent disability it must be predictable the possibility of defects. To predict the disability the metrics software dataset is used. NASA MDP is one of the popular software metrics used to predict software defects by having 13 datasets and is generally unbalanced. The reward in the dataset can reduce the prediction of software defects because more unbalanced data produces a majority class. Data imbalance can be handled with 2 approaches, namely the data level approach technique and the algorithm level approach technique. The data level approach technique aims to improve class distribution by using resampling and data synthesis techniques. This research proposes a data level approach using resampling techniques, namely Random Oversampling (ROS), Random Undersampling (RUS), Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE), Tomek Link (TL) and One-Sided Selection (OSS) which are classified with Naïve Bayes was also validated using 10 Fold Cross-Validation, then evaluated with the Area Under ROC Curve (AUC). Prediction results based on the dataset obtained the best AUC value on MC2 with a value of 0.7277 using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Prediction results based on the data level approach technique obtained the best average AUC value using Tomek Link (TL) with a value of 0.62587. Prediction results based on the dataset obtained the best AUC value on MC2 with a value of 0.7277 using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Prediction results based on the data level approach technique obtained the best average AUC value using Tomek Link (TL) with a value of 0.62587. Prediction results based on the dataset obtained the best AUC value on MC2 with a value of 0.7277 using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Prediction results based on the data level approach technique obtained the best average AUC value using Tomek Link (TL) with a value of 0.62587.
KARAKTERISTIK SARANG BURUNG GOSONG DI SUAKA MARGASATWA PULAU KASA
Authors: R. Kesaulya Edward , Latupapua Lesly , Puttileihalat Maya
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sarang burung gosong pada Kawasan SM. Pulau Kasa. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survey dan observasi langsung untuk mengetahui karakteristik sarang Analisis data digunakan analisis deskriptif dan disajikan kedalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua jenis burung gosong yang menggunakan kawasan SM Pulau Kasa sebagai tempat bersarang yaitu gosong maluku (Eulipoa wallacei) terdapat 2 sarang dan gosong kelam (Megapodius freycinet) sebanyak 12 sarang aktif dan 4 tidak aktif yang tentunya memiliki perbedaan tipe sarang pada kedua jenis burung gosong tersebut. Karakteristik sarang gosong maluku memiliki diameter 70,5 cm dengan kedalaman 55 cm sedangakan gosong kelam memiliki diameter 9,28 m dengan kedalaman 1,11 m dan beberapa komponen dimensi lainnya. Suhu sarang dan kelembapan pada sarang mencapai 30oC dengan 42% kelembapan. pH tanah menunjukan nilai 6 dengan kondisi asam.  Tekstur tanah pada sarang merupakan strutur tanag yang berpasir serta memiliki kandungan organik sebagai penyusun struktur tanah pada sarang burung gosong.
STUDI AWAL SERANGAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN KENARI PADA DEMPLOT SUMBER BENIH DESA HATUSUA
Authors: Wattimena Cornelia M.A. , Latumahina Fransina
Published: April 2023

Sumber benih adalah suatu tegakah hutan baik hutan alam maupun hutan tanaman yang ditunjuk atau dibangun khusus untuk dikelola guna memproduksi benih bermutu. Demplot Sumber Benih yang di bangun oleh BPTH (Balai Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan) Maluku dan Papua di bangun pada Negeri Hatusua kecamatan Kairatu, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat pada tahun 2013. Benih yang ditanam merupakan benih-benih yang bersertifikasi. Kenari (Cannarium ambonensis) dari areal benih bersertifikasi desa Paperu, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hama dan penyakit yang menyerang yaitu hama ulat kipat, hama belalang hijau, penyakit bercak daun dan penyakit embun tepung. Hama ulat kenari menyebab kerusakan yang sangat besar karena dapat menghasilkan telur sebanyak 200-325 butir dan hidupnya berkelompok pada satu tempat, bahkan dengan jumlah yang banyak akan menghabiskan daun hampir disetiap bagian pohonnya mula-mula serangan awal oleh ulat yang kecil lalu serangan lanjutan oleh ulat besar akan menyerang daun tua sehingga meninggalkan tulang daun. Tulisan ini akan menggambarkan tentang hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kenari pada demplot sumber benih, faktor penyebab kerusakan dan dugaan adanya kaitan antara perubahan iklim terhadap serangan hama penyakit di tanaman kemari.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS MASALAH DENGAN KONTEKS LINGKUNGAN LAHAN BASAH PADA MATERI PERTIDAKSAMAAN LINEAR SATU VARIABEL
Authors: Azizah Azizah , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Amalia Rizki
Published: April 2023

Cabang ilmu yang diajarkan pada seluruh jenjang pendidikan diawali dari prasekolah sampai sekolah tinggi salah satunya ialah matematika. Pemakaian LKPD bisa membuat peserta didik ikut serta aktif dalam pembelajaran. Pengembangan LKPD berbasis masalah dilakukan untuk mengembangkan peserta didik aktif saat pembelajaran matematika. Dalam pembelajaran materi pertidaksamaan linear satu variabel, peserta didik kesulitan ketika menentukan himpunan penyelesaian, belum mahir menyelesaikan pertidaksamaannya, dan kesulitan mengartikan soal cerita ke dalam model matematika. Maka dari itu, untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar tersebut digunakanlah permasalahan yang berkenaan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari yang berkaitan dengan konteks lingkungan lahan basah. Tujuan riset ini ialah guna memperoleh lembar kerja peserta didik berbasis masalah dengan konteks lingkungan lahan basah pada materi pertidaksamaan linear satu variabel yang valid dan praktis. Metode riset yang digunakan ialah metode riset pengembangan dengan model pengembangan Thiagarajan, Semmel, dan Semmel (4-D). Tahapan yang dilaksanakan dalam riset ini ialah tahap define, design, serta develop. Kriteria kevalidan produk LKPD dievaluasi bersumber pada validitas pakar oleh dua orang validator pakar. Hasil uji validitas LKPD yang dikembangkan sebesar 3,45 dengan kriteria valid. Kriteria kepraktisan dievaluasi berdasarkan uji coba di sekolah, yaitu guru dan peserta didik. Hasil uji kepraktisan LKPD yang dikembangkan bersumber pada lembar respon guru sebesar 89,2% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Hasil uji kepraktisan LKPD yang dikembangkan bersumber pada lembar respon peserta didik sebesar 90,91% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Atas dasar ini, dihasilkan LKPD berbasis masalah dengan konteks lingkungan lahan basah pada materi pertidaksamaan linear satu variabel yang valid dan sangat praktis.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS HOTS MATERI BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR UNTUK SISWA SMP KELAS VIII
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Ansori Hidayah , Suryaningsih Yuni
Published: April 2023

Penggunaan media pembelajaran satu arah pada pembelajaran daring membuat interaksi menjadi terbatas, sehingga tidak mendorong keaktifan peserta didik selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Disamping itu, permasalahan terkait kemampuan kognitif akan selalu ada dan terus menjadi momok persoalan yang belum terselesaikan. Berdasarkan pengamatan peneliti, terdapat permasalahan peserta didik dimana mereka hanya dapat menyelesaikan soal yang sama persis dengan contoh dan kesulitan menyelesaikan permasalahan baru. Hal ini dikarenakan rendahnya kemampuan menganalisis peserta didik dan hanya terbiasa menyelesaikan soal-soal dengan tingkatan kognitif mengingat, memahami, dan menerapkan saja. Permasalahan ini tentu akan berpengaruh signifikan pada hasil belajar peserta didik nantinya. Oleh sebab itu perlunya pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis HOTS yang dapat mendorong dan menuntut keaktifan peserta didik, melatih, serta meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik untuk berpikir tingkat tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan proses dan menghasilkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis HOTS materi bangun ruang sisi datar yang mencukupi kriteria valid untuk siswa SMP/MTs. Proses pengembangan menggunakan model Four-D yang dibatasi hanya sampai tiga tahapan, yaitu define, design, dan development. Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas ketiga validator pada tahap development diperoleh nilai 85,20% berdasarkan kriteria validitas menyatakan sangat valid. Hal ini berarti bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif sangat baik, dapat dan layak digunakan untuk kegiatan pembelajaran.
Long-Term Care Facilities for Older People in Brazil and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Epidemiological Data and Preventive Measures
Authors: Barral Lacerda¹ Tatiana , Assis Marcella , Silva Vitoria , Duarte Luiza , Gonçalves Ana , Carvalho Poliana , Horta Natália , Souza Marina , Pereira Leani
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging for society, especially for those residing in long-term care facilities (LTCF). This study aimed to describe rates of infection, hospitalization, and death due to COVID-19 among older people and staff of LTCF in a state of Southeastern Brazil and identify strategies to prevent and control the disease spread. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 164 LTCF (6,017 older people). Among the studied LTCF, 48.7% confirmed COVID-19 infection in older people, resulting in 39.6% hospitalization and 32.3% death among infected. Moreover, 68.9% of LTCF confirmed COVID-19 infection in the staff, with 7.3% hospitalization and 1.2% death. Preventive measures were identified and classified as organizational, infrastructure, hygiene items and personal protective equipment, and staff training against COVID-19. These measures showed strategies and barriers experienced in the daily routine of LTCF during the pandemic. LTCF in Brazil experienced challenges similar to observed worldwide.
Towards Finding Equalities Involving Mixed Products of the Moore–Penrose and Group Inverses of a Matrix
Authors: Tian Yongge
Published: April 2023

Given a square matrix $A$, we are able to construct numerous equalities that involve reasonable mixed operations of $A$ and its conjugate transpose $A^{\ast}$, Moore--Penrose inverse $A^{\dag}$, and group inverse $A^{\#}$. Such kind of equalities can be generally represented in the equation form $f(A, \, A^{\ast}, A^{\dag}, A^{\#}) =0$. In this article, the author constructs a series of simple or complicated matrix equalities, as well as matrix rank equalities involving the mixed operations of the four matrices. As applications, we give a sequence of necessary and sufficient conditions for a square matrix to be range-Hermitian.
Research Integrity and Publish or Perish: Definitions and Relations
Authors: Damasio Edilson
Published: April 2023

The concept of Research Integrity and research ethics are linked to the scientific research process and its communication. Presenting the results objectively is essential. It turns out that few scientists use manipulation of results and consequently other types of misconduct such as data Fabrication, Falsification, and Plagiarism (FFP). In this article, we show the definitions of these and different aspects of behavior that should be avoided, which affect principles of research reliability. We present, through a brief literature review, the concept of Research Integrity, FFP, and its relations with Publish or Perish. Editorial disputes are linked to the power that scientists have to remain in the field of research, governed by clear rules to increase their intellectual capital. We discussed that scientists tend to want their papers published in journals with better impact and well-evaluated, seeking prominence in the publishing sector. We have seen that both scientists and journals can have sequelae and problems in the face of the Publish or Perish movement, which can call into question the quality of the editorial process, peer review, and the journal itself.
Assessing the Efficacy of Integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems Into Modern Weather Observational Instruments, a Case of Uganda
Authors: Wasswa Peter , Namulindwa Harriet , Nakiwala Esther
Published: April 2023

Location-specific weather and climate information together with related advisory services are one of the crucial drivers of development in the 21st century particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, there still exist significant gaps in provision of weather and climate information at scales that effectively address the needs of local people for instance; local farmers and pastoralists. This therefore force local people to rely on indigenous knowledge (IK), to observe and forecast weather conditions. This situation does not exclude Uganda, and thus the current study assessed the efficacy of integrating indigenous knowledge systems into modern weather observational instruments in order to boost and act as a backup mechanism for modern weather observational instruments to increase accuracy and wide coverage of weather observations within Uganda. Results indicated that, respondents across the two pilot sites use a combination of plants, animals, insects, and human behaviours, meteorological and astrological indicators to observe and predict local prevailing weather conditions. Majority of the respondents particularly in Masaka district, believed that the use of indigenous knowledge to observe weather and climatic events is very reliable compared to their counterparts in Entebbe Municipality. Therefore, the integration of indigenous knowledge system in scientific weather observations is very vital.
Decreasing Survey Response Rates in the Time of COVID-19: Implications for Analyses of Population Health and Health Inequities
Authors: Krieger Nancy , LeBlanc Merrily , Waterman Pamela D. , Reisner Sari L. , Testa Christian , Chen Jarvis T.
Published: April 2023

Objectives. To examine whether, and if so how, US national and state survey response rates changed after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods. We compared the change in response rates between 2020 and 2019 of 6 (3 social and economic, 3 health focused) major US national surveys (2 with state response rates).

Results. All the ongoing surveys except 1 reported relative decreases (∼29%) in response rates. For example, the household response rate to the US Census American Community Survey decreased from 86.0% in 2019 to 71.2% in 2020, and the response rate of the US National Health Interview Survey decreased from 60.0% to 42.7% from the first to the second quarter of 2020. For all surveys, the greatest decreases in response rates occurred among persons with lower income and lower education.

Conclusions. Socially patterned decreases in response rates pose serious challenges and must be addressed explicitly in all studies relying on data obtained since the onset of the pandemic.

Public Health Implications. Artifactual reduction of estimates of the magnitude of health inequities attributable to differential response rates could adversely affect efforts to reduce these inequities. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(6):667–670. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307267 )
Gender learning in Alice Munro’s short story entitled “Boys and Girls”
Authors: Asmarani Ratna
Published: April 2023

The issues around gender is inexhaustible since gender can be analyzed from many perspectives. The focus of this paper is to discuss the gender learning experienced by the young girl in a short story entitled “Boys and Girls” written by Alice Munro. The discussion includes the young girl’s gender defiance, gender learning, and gender acceptance. To support the discussion several issues around gender are reviewed. Besides a comprehensive definition of gender, issues concerning doing gender, gender identity, gender order, gender segregation, gender learning, gender presentation, gender display, and others are reviewed. The analysis is also combined with the conversation analysis by considering the influence of the language that leads to gender learning of the female character in the short story. The methods used are a combination of library research method with its close reading, qualitative method, and contextual method. The result shows that gender learning is inevitable especially in an isolated place. Although the young girl tries to defy the gender learning she finally has to accept it. This situation correlates with Simone de Beauvoir’s statement “ONE is not born, but rather becomes, a woman” (De Beauvoir, 1956: 273) in her phenomenal book The Second Sex. Thus, the short story implies that being a girl in a strict male context is not easy, she has to surrender to the gender roles that are constructed for her, and the chances to actualize herself is limited or even non-existent.
The The boosting academic literacy for young learners’ reading comprehension and character building
Authors: Setiyo wahyuni Elli , Wahyuni Sri
Published: April 2023

Reading habit is important to be introduced to young learners. Through academic literacy, students not only comprehend social and science texts but also enhance their character. To realize the literacy program in these lessons, a team-game tournament is used that consists of a presentation, group discussion, reading tournament, and the award. The study uses a qualitative research method that applies a semi-structured observation guide and interviews sixth-grade students in one primary school in Indonesia. The observation indicates teaching techniques for improving reading comprehension, and the interview shows the impacts of academic literacy in the team-game tournament (TGT) on students’ knowledge. The findings show that academic literacy improves understanding of social and science texts, and moral values. The study recommends that team-game tournament provides practice not only in reading but also in writing and speaking skills.
Designing unlocked gramm application to promote students’ self-directed learning
Authors: Indrayani Ninuk
Published: April 2023

The process of self-direction is viewed as essential for achieving worthwhile and significant educational achievements. It is related to setting up learning objectives, keeping one's intentions, and aiming for high-quality learning. In order for students to reach the ultimate educational goal of being continuous learners with the ability for future educational progress, learning interests, and possibilities for lifelong learning, self-direction is considered as crucial. The objective of this study was to create the Unlocked Gramm mobile application, which would promote students' self-directed learning to struggle the issue of students' low motivation for grammar study using Design and Development (D&D) methodology as research design. The quantitative and qualitative analysis were used to examine the design, development, and evaluation of the media. The study was considered successful to the fact that the generated application satisfied the requirements for an appropriate media and was supported by statistical evidence.
Students’ essay writing anxiety: A narrative study of Indonesian tertiary EFL learners
Authors: Faismaul Ro’ufiyati Dinda , Mahbub Moh. Arif
Published: April 2023

Recent years, numerous studies across the world have examined EFL learners’ writing anxiety through their writing test. Yet, there is limited study on investigating learners’ anxiety in essay writing, particularly contextualized in Indonesia. Viewed from the lens of narrative study, this article explores the lived-experience of the university students’ essay writing anxiety situated in a private university in the eastern Java, Indonesia. Two students enrolled in “Critical Essay Writing” Course (KBI112) volunteered to be involved in the study. Grounded in the thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) as an analytic lens, findings indicate that the major factors significantly contribute to learners’ essay writing anxiety include: low level writing skill and confidence; learners’ self-efficacy; self-esteem; lack of grammatical knowledge; gender; instructor’s negative feedback; and writing motivation level. Empirical data also reveals that the students with higher writing anxiety level tend to produce low quality writing products and vice versa. This empirical evidence suggests that both teachers and students are highly required to intensify their efforts to create positive learning environment that can make the students to manage their feelings so that they can produce the better quality of essay writing products. This article also discusses pedagogical implications for classrooms and further research, limitations and recommendations.
EFL learners’ perception and attitude in synchronous meetings through Zoom videoconferencing
Authors: Rojabi Ahmad Ridho , Praptika Septi Femilia
Published: April 2023

Recently, incorporating technology in English as a foreign language (EFL) courses has been the topic of much debate. Technology can facilitate student interaction in the learning process and create an interactive and communicative classroom environment. Zoom is a solution for faculty members to engage and motivate students in virtual courses as it provides real interaction and direct feedback. This present study aimed to explore EFL students' perceptions as well as attitudes toward synchronous learning through Zoom Videoconferencing. The participants were 72 undergraduate students in the Intensive Reading course. The data was collected through questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The contents of the instrument were validated using expert judgment. The quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic coding. The findings demonstrated that students had positive perceptions of Zoom videoconferencing in terms of actual use, perceived ease of use, intrinsic motivation, behavioral intention, and attitude. Further research into using Zoom videoconferencing to develop innovations in an online course is strongly recommended.
The Evolutionary Journey of Completion Tubing to 100% Non-Metallic Composite Material
Authors: Khalifah Moahmmed A. , Duthie Laurie S. , Sukkar Luai A. , Mulhim Khalifa K. , Yaanallah Hassan H.
Published: April 2023

Non-metallic tubing manufactured from fiberglass have been around for decades, and for good reason with multiple physical advantages over carbon steel tubing. However, this has also came with certain physical constraints such as the type of tubing connections and material brittleness with resultant low-pressure ratings. This has restricted a more widespread use of the material, particularly for downhole applications. In recent years, extensive research and development has evolved to manufacture 100% non-metallic composite tubulars with increased mechanical strength combined with high performance machined threads.

The development of non-metallic composite tubulars have been in progress for many years, obstacles to the manufacturing process to deliver a material that was suitable for downhole conditions were numerous. The fully non-metallic fiberglass tubular is manufactured with aromatic amine cured epoxy resin, which not only provides the required strength but also an effective resistance to the harsh downhole conditions. Deep water supply wells that provide water injection are ideal candidates for this technology. The material is corrosion resistant, lightweight, zero maintenance, extremely durable with a superior hydraulic performance over carbon steel.

The challenges of using carbon steel tubulars in harsh water environments are well known, and can lead to premature failure of the completion. Such failure can result in flow circulation across the electrical submersible pump (ESP) eventually leading to pump failure due to excessive heat in the motor. Fiberglass lined carbon steel protects the inner part of the tubing but still leaves the external side exposed to the harsh environment. The next step in the evolution for tubulars exposed to harsh conditions is 100% non-metallic manufactured tubulars. A custom designed resin system and manufacturing process with precise winding angle patterns delivered this high strength and chemically stable product. These properties allow for a maximum running depth of 12,000 ft, a maximum working pressure of 2500 psi and an expected life expectancy in the 10's of years. The tubing joints have API specification composite machined threads and are made up similar to traditional carbon steel tubing but requiring less torque.

The successful deployment of 100% non-metallic composite tubulars in ESP powered water supply wells is another step towards increased utilization of this technology. A review has been completed of the manufacturing process, flow assurance, design integrity improvements and economic analysis of the 100% non-metallic fiberglass tubular. This completion design ensures well integrity & prolongs the lifetime of the assets and is in-line with the adoption of circular economy practices, simultaneously providing cost effective solutions and ensuring continuous improvement.
Advancements in H2S Scavenger Technology
Authors: Liu Zhengwei , Lehrer Scott , Jani Jagrut , Soos Laszlo
Published: April 2023

Presence of H2S in oilfield systems adds to many operational difficulties such as safety, compliance, environmental, and corrosion. Treatment and handling of sour production greatly increases overall well operational costs. Triazine based chemistries are often applied to eliminate H2S from the system. Three major applications where H2S scavengers are applied are produced gas, mixed production, and separated oil. Use of triazine to treat H2S has many drawbacks such as the formation of insoluble solids, which has resulted in the shutdown of gas contact towers. Triazine often exhibit low efficiency and kinetics in mixed production applications and have caused scaling by considerably raising the brine pH. Triazines are normally successful in removing H2S from oil, however large concentrations of these aqueous-based scavengers can have a considerable impact on BS&W, potentially resulting in out-of-spec oil. Triazines that partition into desalted oil can also cause downstream corrosion problems in refineries by producing corrosive hydrochloride salts in crude towers. As a result, several refineries have downgraded or banned crude containing triazines.

This paper describes recent development to create new scavenger technologies that helps enable efficient scavenging while eliminating or greatly decreasing issues associated with present scavenger technology. Rather than a universal H2S scavenger with potential performance sacrifices, the strategy followed was to build scavengers that were a best fit for each application. Understanding the application environment and selecting the best scavenger chemistry for the job can result in considerable CAPEX and OPEX savings, increased productivity, improved dependability, and safer H2S management.
Bit Performance Measurement Approach. An Innovative Way to Improve Bit Selection Process
Authors: Contreras Otalvora William , Al Alsayed Nassir Alawi , Alshehry Abdullah , Ali Abdullah
Published: April 2023

Bit selection is one of the critical decisions that has traditionally been the responsibilities of Drilling Engineers based on the offset wells’ historical experiences to the planned well. This approach has limitations on the depth of the analysis, which could produce inaccurate or not-representative results. This paper will present a comprehensive, improved and optimized process along with fully automated software application for bit selection, generating reachable and more consistent outcomes and goals.

The first step was the standardization of KPI calculations, which included cost per foot, rate of penetration, and footage. This is critical to help streamline and normalize KPI calculation methods across all varieties of operation types and service providers within the drilling activities. This was followed by a complex and detailed statistical analysis including the analysis of all related drilling runs that are repeatable and achievable. The statistical analysis is based on an extensive number of drilling parameters/observations for each drilling run including drilling systems, geological formations, mud attributes, WOB, rig types, service providers, encountered drilling troubles and many other critical parameters, which impact the overall performance of the bit.

Secondary analysis provides a way to measure the consistency of the performance of any specific bit. This is to avoid the use of bits that do not show a consistent performance on similar applications. The implementation of this methodology has been transformed into a web-based solution for ease of access and use.

By using this web-based solution, Drilling Engineers have significantly improved the drilling performance of the wells and reduced the cost per foot. In addition, the application enables the benchmarking of newly designed bits with legacy best performance bit runs under any defined condition. This feature is vital to help increase competition and eliminate single source applications where applicable.
Accurate Horizontal Flow Profile Determination for an Optimized ICD Design Using an Electrical Line Enabled Coiled Tubing Conveyance for a Field in Kuwait
Authors: Al-Dhafiri Saad , Al-Mutawa Mohammed , Sulaiman Ali , Sanyal Sayantan , Al-Mutairi Fawaz , Al-Dwaish Majed , Al-Anezi Talal , Ayyad Hazim , Mehraj Majid , Slama Hedi , Badrawy Kareem , Al-Mutairi Fajhan
Published: April 2023

To design accurate inflow control device (ICD) completions in high water cut wells, it is critical to have a thorough understanding of the downhole flow profile and zonal phase contribution across the zone of interest. The situation becomes more complex when dealing with an open hole horizontal section with complex trajectory, where the presence of stagnant water sumps and oil humps is common and can lead to in-accurate determination of water and oil entry zones.

Production logging tools typically deployed in such environments will require to have their data quality checked, as the well conditions can either leave the spinners clogged or the holdup probes sticky with downhole debris or emulsion. Production logging tools will also need to reach the deepest point within the lateral section to ensure complete coverage of the potential flow area across the open hole section.

Electrical line enabled coiled tubing (CT) technology was considered to overcome the conveyance challenges to deploy these production logging tool. The selected rugged design of the coil-to-wireline interface increased the reliability and the safety of the intervention.

In this paper, a case study will be presented detailing how careful operational planning, integration between the conveyance method and the production logging tool resulted in the detailed and accurate downhole flow profile, which was then utilized in the ICD design for this well.
Plasma metabolomics supports non-fasted sampling for early detection of impaired glucose tolerance in the Nile rat model of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Toh Huishi , Anderson Benton , Curtis Anne , Jen Annie , Thomson James , Clegg Dennis , Jiang Peng , Coon Joshua , Overmyer Katherine
Published: April 2023

Type 2 diabetes is a challenge in modern healthcare, and animal models are necessary to identify underlying mechanisms, where we can achieve much better environmental control than what is practical in human studies. The Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) develops diet-induced diabetes rapidly on a conventional rodent chow diet without genetic or chemical manipulation. Unlike common laboratory models, the outbred Nile rat model is diurnal and can progress to advanced diabetic complications, better mimicking the human condition. Some human studies indicate that compared to fasting glucose, post-prandial blood glucose is more sensitive to the initial stages of diabetes, suggesting that we should capture the non-fasted state to study early diabetes. However, it is unknown if ad libitum feeding in the Nile rats leads to increased variance thus masking diabetes-related metabolic changes in the plasma. In this study, we compared the repeatability within triplicate non-fasted or fasted plasma samples and assessed prediction of impaired glucose tolerance in fasted and non-fasted plasma. We used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry lipidomics and polar metabolomics to measure relative metabolite abundances in the plasma samples. Metabolite measurements in non-fasted plasma were less variable than measurements in fasted plasma. We detected 66 metabolites in non-fasted plasma associated with glucose tolerance in elastic net and individual metabolite linear regression models. Low metabolite replicate variance was reproduced in a cohort of mature 30-week male and female Nile rats. Our results support using non-fasted plasma metabolomics for early detection of impaired glucose tolerance in Nile rats.
Pathways to clean energy transition in Indonesia's electricity sector with OSeMOSYS modelling (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)
Authors: Paiboonsin Pusanisa , Oluleye Gbemi , Yeganyan Rudolf , Tan Naomi , Cannone Carla , Howells Mark
Published: April 2023

Responding to the Paris agreement and climate change mitigation, Indonesia aims to reach Net Zero by 2060 or sooner. Due to Indonesia's dependence on coal and growing consumption, alternative sources of clean energy are imperative for meeting its rising energy needs and reducing energy-related greenhouse gas emissions to achieve the energy transition. This project aims to examine Indonesia's challenges, opportunities and potential to achieve low carbon ambition in the energy sector and identify alternative pathways for the energy transition in Indonesia. Cost-effective scenarios are developed by the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS), providing comprehensive data analysis. OSeMOSYS is a least-cost model that enables long-term energy system modelling and its related intensive analysis. Indonesia energy data and OSeMOSYS input are obtained from an Indonesia starter data kit. In this study, a comparison of electricity generation, technology, investment, and carbon dioxide emissions is made between business-as-usual scenarios and model scenarios. The results show that NZ50 scenario is more cost-effective than others in meeting Indonesia's future energy demand at the lowest implementation cost. Although NZ50 and NZ60 are possible ways to reach carbon neutrality, NZ50 emits fewer CO2 emissions at a similar cost to NZ60. This paper's insights emphasise that large-scale renewable energy deployment and coal retirement are critical pathways to reaching carbon neutrality and achieving the energy mix transition.
Dynamic changes in the hippocampal memory index and biochemical indices in Sprague Dawley rats exposed to intrauterine kola nut
Authors: Atiba Foluso Ayobami , Nkomozepi Pilani , Mbajiorgu Felix E. , Ihunwo Amadi O.
Published: April 2023

Kola nut is commonly consumed by pregnant women to suppress symptoms of morning sickness. This study investigated the effects of kola nut on the biochemical indices of the hippocampus and its dependent memory.
Kola nut extract was fed to pregnant dams from the first day of their pregnancy until parturition. The following behavioral function tests were conducted: surface righting (SR); cliff avoidance (post-natal day [PND] 4, 5, 6 & 7); open field; novel object recognition and location; and radial-arm maze (PND 21 and 56). The levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), acetylcholine (ACh), and malondialdehyde (MDA) of the matched hippocampal tissues were also checked in the pups.
The kola nut-treated pups showed significantly reduced behavioral indices compared to the pups in the control group: lower postural balance, higher risk avoidance memory, and lower frequency in pivoting and rearing compared to that in the control group. However, the frequency of urine and fecal bolus was significantly lower in the pups in the control group than that in the treated pups. The discrimination ratio of the control group pups in novel object recognition (NOR) and novel object location (NOL) was significantly higher than that in the treated pups, and the time taken by the treated pups to complete RAM was significantly higher. The levels of ACh and BDNF in the treated pups were increased compared to that in control pups. A positive correlation was found between MDA and SR (r = 0.7207; p = 0.0437), grooming (r = 0.7707; p = 0.0252), and fecal bolus (r = 0.7606; p = 0.0284), as well with the BDNF level in those treated with grooming (r = 0.7570; p = 0.0297). However, negative correlations between ACh and rearing (r = -0.8261; p = 0.0115) and fecal bolus (r = -0.8066; p = 0.0156) and a positive correlation with NOL (r = 0.8358; p = 0.0098) were observed.
Based on these observations, the study concluded that Kola nut affects both biochemical and hippocampal memory profiles.
Engineered skin microbiome-assisted delivery to the pilosebaceous unit
Authors: Knödlseder Nastassia , Fernández María-José Fábrega , Santos-Moreno Javier , Manils Joan , Toloza Lorena , Marin Maria , Fernandez Cristina , Broadbent Katrina , Maruotti Julien , Lemenager Helene , Carolis Carlo , Zouboulis Christos , Soler Concepció , Lood Rolf , Brüggemann Holger , Güell Marc
Published: April 2023

Microbes are fascinating molecular machines which can be equipped with synthetic genetic programs that allow them to produce therapeutic molecules targeted on demand upon disease sensing. Cutibacterium acnes engraftment capacity and living habitat close to important pharmacological targets makes it an attractive chassis to create skin living therapeutics. Here, we report the engineering of this bacterium, the most abundant commensal of the human skin, to produce and secrete the therapeutic molecule neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin thereby modulating sebum production.
Participatory Methods Used In The Evaluation Of Medical Devices: A Comparison Of Focus groups, Interviews, And A Survey
Authors: Woudstra Kas , Tummers Marcia , Klijn Catharina JM , Sondag Lotte , Schreuder Floris , Reuzel Rob , Rovers Maroeska
Published: April 2023

Background
Stakeholder engagement in evaluation of medical devices is crucial for aligning devices with stakeholders’ views, needs, and values. Methods for these engagements have however not been compared to analyse their relative merits for medical device evaluation. Therefore, we systematically compared these three methods in terms of themes, interaction, and time-investment.
Methods
We compared focus groups, interviews and an online survey in a case-study on minimally invasive endoscopy-guided surgery for patients with intracerebral haemorrhage. The focus groups and interviews featured two rounds, one explorative focussing on individual perspectives, and one interactive focussing on the exchange of perspectives between participants. The comparison between methods was made in terms of number and content of themes, how participants interact, and hours invested by all researchers.
Results
The focus groups generated 34 themes, the interviews 58, and the survey 42. Various improvements for the assessment of the surgical procedure were only discussed in the interviews. In focus groups, participants were inclined to emphasise agreement and support, whereas the interviews consisted of questions and answers. The total time investment for researchers of focus groups was 95 hours, of interviews 315 hours, and survey 81 hours.
Conclusions
Interviewing is the most appropriate method for understanding stakeholder views, since interviews provide a scope and depth of information that is not generated by other methods. Focus groups are useful to rapidly bring views together. Surveys enable a quick exploration. Researchers should account for these methodological differences and select the method that is suitable for their research aim.
Returning-to-work after mental health-associated sick leave: A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of general practitioners in Germany
Authors: Geipel Martina , Hamann Johannes
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: Psychiatric disorders are increasingly commonly globally. Especially when these disorders affect working people, this places a financial burden on society due to long-term sick leave, the incapacity to work and the inability to earn and pay taxes. General practitioners (GPs) are often the first health professionals to be consulted by those suffering from mental health disorders.
This study investigated the experiences of GPs regarding their patients with mental health disorders and identified factors that are important for a successful return to work.
Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore the opinions of GPs (n = 12) working in Munich, Germany, or its metropolitan area. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using the reflexive thematic analysis method as described by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke.
Results: GPs think of themselves as important parts of the rehabilitation process of patients with mental health disorders. In their daily routine, they face many obstacles to ensure the best treatment and outcome for their patients. They also suffer from poor collaboration with other stakeholders, such as psychiatric hospitals, therapists or employers.
They indicated that the mental health disorder of each patient is unique, including the barriers to and possibilities of a successful return to work. Additionally, the workplace appears to play a crucial role in the success rate of re-entry into work. It can exacerbate the mental health disorders or aid in their treatment. Fear, shame and stigmatization of the patients are personal factors responsible for prolonged sick leave.
Conclusion: We conclude that GPs believe that they can have a major impact on the rehabilitation of patients with mental health disorders. As such, special focus should be placed on supporting them in this context..
Pulsed electric field treatment of seeds modulates the endophytic bacterial community and promotes early growth of roots in buckwheat
Authors: Qu Hao , Wang Yi , Wang Baijuan , Li Chengyun
Published: April 2023

Background
Endophytic bacteria provide nutrients and stimulate systemic resistance during seed germination and plant growth and development, and their functional properties in combating various stresses make them a powerful tool in green agricultural production. In this paper we explored the function of the endophyte community in buckwheat seeds in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application and scientific research of endophytes in buckwheat cultivation. We used pulsed electric field (PEF) technology to treat buckwheat seeds, monitored the effect of high-voltage pulse treatment on buckwheat seed germination, and analyzed the diversity of endophytic bacteria in buckwheat seeds using the amplicon sequencing method.
Results
PEF treatment promoted root development during buckwheat seed germination. A total of 350 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were obtained from seed samples by 16SrRNA amplicon sequencing technology that comprised 10 phyla, 21 classes, 49 orders, 81 families and 103 genera. Additionally, PEF treatment also caused a significant decrease in the abundance of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The abundance of 28 genera changed significantly as well: 11 genera were more abundant, and 17 were less abundant. The number of associated network edges was reduced from 980 to 117, the number of positive correlations decreased by 89.1%, and the number of negative correlations decreased by 86.6%.
Conclusion
We found that PEF treatment promoted early root development in buckwheat and was able to alter the seed endophytic bacterial community. The increased abundance of Methylobacter, Micrococcus, Nocardia, and Sphingomonas in the buckwheat seeds had a positive effect on seed germination.
A light weight authentication protocol for a blockchain-based off-chain medical data access in multi-server environment
Authors: Barman Subhas , Chattopadhyay Samiran , Samanta Debasis
Published: April 2023

Presently, blockchain technology is used to secure electronic medical records (EMR) and an arrangement of multiple servers as off-chain storage is advocated to minimize the storage overhead of the medical blockchain. Therefore, authorized access to the medical records stored in multiple servers, needs a secure multi-server-based authentication system. However, existing blockchain-based systems for medical data storage do not consider an authentication system for a multi-server environment between patients and multiple medical servers. In this paper, a blockchain of patients' healthcare data using off-chain storage is considered to ensure scalability of the blockchain. The blockchain contains the hash value of the medical data while multiple servers are used as off-chain storage for storing the original data. A patient can access those servers in a single enrollment under a multi-server authentication system and can share his/her health data with an authorized care provider. Formal as well as informal security analysis is used to check the security of the proposed protocol. The formal security analysis like AVISPA tool is used to check the replay attacks and the BAN logic is applied to check the mutual authentication of the proposed protocol. At the same time, a rigorous informal security analysis confirms that our scheme is secured against various known attacks. We have compared our scheme with recent research with respect to security functionality, computation cost, and communication cost.