bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Interpolator of Underwater Sensor Node with Enhanced Frequency Response Characteristic
Authors: Hong Dae-Ki , Kim Sunhee
Published: April 2022

The digital part of the transmitter for acoustic wave communication must perform a sampling rate up conversion before converting the baseband signal to the acoustic wave band signal. Because acoustic wave communication operates at a low frequency, the digital part of most underwater
communication devices is designed as software using DSPs. Since underwater sensor nodes among underwater communication devices are scattered in the sea, the power supply to the nodes is not smooth, so low-power design is important. In this paper, we designed the interpolator hardware for the
low-power underwater communication sensor node chip. The requirements for frequency characteristics for acoustic wave communication of underwater sensor nodes and the operating frequency of the system to be implemented were identified, and an interpolator capable of meeting them was modeled
using Matlab. Since a CIC interpolator is implemented without a multiplier and has a small area, we used CIC interpolators. However, the CIC interpolator has a wide transition band and a large passband droop. On the other hand, since the frequency of acoustic wave is low, both the data bandwidth
and channel spacing are narrow, so filtering of the data signal is important. Therefore, complementary filters were added to satisfy the frequency specifications of the underwater sensor nodes. The structure of the entire interpolator hardware is designed so that additional filters operate
at as low a clock rate as possible and have a low filter order. A hardware was designed using verilog hdl and verified using ModelSim. The simulation results of the designed hardware were compared with Matlab results to confirm that the frequency specifications were satisfied. The designed
interpolator will be replaced by the interpolator of the previously tested underwater sensor node designed using DSP and used for distributed underwater observation control networks.
Research on the Activation of Smart Tourism Using Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Authors: Choi Dong-Heui
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify how smart tourism information technology based on ICT influences on the satisfaction of smart tourism as recognized by tourists with an experience of using ICT smart tourism service to promote ICT-based smart tourism and suggest implications
based on them. For this, survey was conducted in the period of 54 days from December 9, 2019, to January 31, 2020. Total 250 copies were distributed that 218 copies were collected. Among them, 18 copies with incomplete responses were excluded that total 200 copies were used for empirical analysis.
According to the results of factor analysis on ICT-based smart tourism information technology, factors were classified into four types of information, accessibility, interaction, and individualization. At the same time, according to the results of analysis of smart tourism satisfaction, there
was a single factor and it was named as smart tourism satisfaction. In addition, among the factors of ICT-based smart tourism information technology, all the information, accessibility, interaction, and individualization turned out to positively influence on smart tourism satisfaction. It
is required to establish ICT-based smart tourism connecting system where tourism service can be linked according to consumers. It is urgently required to prepare for the system where the government, public corporation, local government, and private sector are able to cooperate with each other
to create a virtuous cycle structure that benefits such as products, contents, and services dispersed based on a precise understanding of behaviors and preferences of tourists are provided to ICT-based smart tourism consumers through supplier linked system.
Sound Sources Recognition System Based on Convolutional Neural Network Using a New Dataset in Noisy Environment
Authors: Thar Min Htet , Lee Dong Myung
Published: April 2022

A sound source recognition system based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) using a new dataset in a noisy environment was proposed and its performance was analyzed in this paper. The deep learning model in the system consists of a convolutional layer with max-pooling and a fully
connected layer based on CNN, and classifies short audio clips of surrounding sounds. The performance of the proposed system was produced by measuring with the confusion matrix (CM) and the sound source recognition accuracy (SSRA). As a result of comparing the average SSRA of the proposed
system applying the new sound dataset reflecting the background noise condition and the existing system applying the noiseless dataset, it was measured as 72–76% and 40–55%, respectively. Finally, it can be seen that the case of applying the new sound source dataset was superior
to the case of applying the noiseless dataset by about 21–32% on average.
Analysis on Electrocardiogram Measurement Performance Using Metal Electrode Based on 1-D Convolutional Neural Network for Application of Wearable Device
Authors: Seo Ji-Yun , Lee Ji-Su , Noh Yun-Hong , Jeong Do-Un
Published: April 2022

Disposable electrode is mainly used when measuring ECG signals. However, disposable electrode has low re-usability and durability, making it difficult to obtain high-quality signals when used for a long term. In this paper, we evaluated the applicability of metal plates and conductive
tapes as new reference electrode to replace disposable electrode. For evaluation, we implemented a 1D CNN-based training model and an ECG measurement system to collect data. The implemented neural network was trained based on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia data set, and 5 classes of ECG classification
including normal signals are possible. For measurement evaluation of metal plates, conductive tapes, and disposable electrode, field tests were conducted using the trained model. The ECG class classification of the implemented CNN training model confirmed a classification accuracy of more
than 96%, and compared with previously studied pattern matching algorithms and other studies, confirmed excellent detection performance. In the field test, performance evaluation of arrhythmia classification was performed using a neural network trained on ECG signals obtained with disposable
electrode, metal plates, and conductive tape. The ECG signals for evaluation used in the experiment, 300 samples were measured for each class from 10 subjects. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the disposable electrode was classified as 98.59%, the metal plate was classified
as 95.26%, and the conductive tape was classified as 96.13%. It is inconvenient to measure ECG using disposable electrode in everyday life. However, there is no difference in ECG detection performance in the case of a metal plate and a conductive tape compared to a disposable electrode. In
addition, metal plates and conductive tapes can be easily applied to existing wearables because they can be reused and long term.
Logistic Regression Algorithm-Based Product Recommendation System Model
Authors: Ahn Yeong-Hwi , Park Koo-Rack , Kim Dong-Hyun , Cho Han-Jin
Published: April 2022

It is very rare to see that the product development process is smoothly carried out with no trials and errors. In the process of producing new products, many difficulties are frequently occurring contrary to the expectation. In order to efficiently cope with such difficulties, it would
be required to have the procedure for reflecting consumers’ needs by introducing and applying the recent Opinion Mining, Sentiment Analysis, and Logistic Regression to the product development process. This study used the linear regression and logistic regression models to predict a product
with the highest purchase possibility, which was used for the newest marketing technique for the next best action or product recommendation, by analyzing the massive unstructured consumer data of portal sites and online markets, positiveness/negativeness, and predicting/analyzing the causes.
Even though the concept itself of those models is simple, they are the most successful models in the logistic regression field. Some people may be opposed to call these models logistic regression. However, the concept itself is the same, and they are achieving such excellent results in the
actual logistic regression. The logistic regression model is used for predicting a product with the highest purchase possibility in the newest marketing technique for the next best action or product recommendation. To conquer the new product market, the planning and development of new products
are playing huge roles in the corporate performance and growth. The logistic regression-based product recommendation system model proposed by this thesis is the system for acquiring useful and accurate information to plan the best product. In the results of analyzing total 11,200 data sets
of a specific product in portal sites and online markets, the customer satisfaction was 92% and there were some product defective issues in case of frequency analysis, so that it would be necessary to have the urgent improvement. According to the results of a survey on the use of the proposed
model targeting the planners of products related to system operation, the items related to the system use satisfaction, system efficiency, and system effectiveness showed the satisfactory results higher than expected.
Short Term Power Load Forecasting Based on Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Lee Geum-Seong , Kim Gwang-Hyun
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to find the most appropriate forecasting method by applying the machine learning and deep learning techniques that have recently been representing an outstanding performance in various fields to power load forecasting and evaluating their performance. Forecasting
model has been realized by using logistic regression, decision tree, support vector machine (SVM) algorithm as the machine learning technique, and deep neural network (DNN) algorithm as deep learning technique and compared with each other. In order to find the most appropriate method for power
load forecasting, the performance of machine learning and deep learning model was compared and evaluated. Performance was evaluated by realizing total 7 forecasting models including 3 machine learning-based single forecasting models, 1 deep learning-based single forecasting model, and 3 complex
forecasting models. As for complex forecasting model, forecasting rate turned out to be 96.91% for logistic regression-based complex forecasting model, 97.08% for decision tree-based complex forecasting model, and 96.43% for support vector machine-based forecasting model that the complex forecasting
model combined with decision tree and deep neural network represented the most outstanding performance. With this study, it is anticipated to precisely forecast power load saving the electronic energy while preparing for a plan to efficiently distribute and utilize energy in connection with
smart grid technology such as Energy Storage System (ESS) or Energy Management System (EMS).
A Study of Sample Preprocessing Method for Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) Attack
Authors: Kim Ki-Hwan , Lee Hoon-Jae , Lee Young Sil
Published: April 2022

To protect data, smartphones, PCs, networks, and other computer devices utilize block encryption algorithms, among which Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a representative encryption algorithm. AES is evaluated to be the safest one of the encryption algorithms at present and is
universally applied. However, the AES encryption algorithm began to be threatened by Side-Channel Attack (SCA) since 1996. Many studies have been done and many more will probably be conducted, but so far, the results are showing some significant correlation between a variety of leaked information
and success rate in side-channel attacks. Many different side-channel attacks are using a variety of leaked information (e.g., power consumption, electromagnetic waves, fault-injection results), among which Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) is the technique of analyzing power consumption with
the Pearson correlation coefficient and it can be presenting a high success rate of attacking most hardware devices. If the correlation power analysis is applied and measured by an oscilloscope, it is possible to obtain secret keys of the low-power computer-based equipment, such as IoT or
wearable devices. Also, recently, deep learning-based analytic studies on side-channel attacks are actively conducted, therefore, the need for research on attack methods and defense techniques becomes more urgent. In this paper, we upload AES’s AddRoundKey function to Arduino UNO, which
has the capability that can be used for IoT, measure power consumption with an oscilloscope for all keys, check the correlation power analysis success rate, and confirm the need for defense techniques. For the experiment, based on the AddRoundKey function of AES, 256 secret keys were measured
with a 1GS/S oscilloscope. At this time, these secret keys were bundled in tens per case, and therefore a total of ten cases were measured. In the comparison of power consumption, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and guess the key, correlations with secret keys were inferred. According
to the simple comparison of power consumption and the Pearson correlation coefficient, the accuracy rate was about 65%. In this case, when the Pearson correlation coefficient was compared for the position of the power consumption waveform, the accuracy rate was about 80%. Additionally, with
the use of the point that the positions of guess keys were mostly constant, it was possible to achieve the success rate of about 93.75%.
Poorly Differentiated Metastatic Carcinoma of Possible Eccrine Sweat Gland Origin
Authors: Reyes Gabriella , Grenn Emily E. , Orr W. Shannon
Published: April 2022

Sweat gland carcinomas are a rare group of cancer, representing less than .01% of all diagnosed skin malignancies. We report the case of a 32-year-old male who presented with a fungating lesion on the posterolateral side of his left knee. Immunohistochemical results were positive for cytokeratin 5/6 and cytokeratin 7, consistent with possible eccrine gland origin. Our patient underwent wide local excision of the mass with lymph node dissection. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinoma of possible adnexal, eccrine gland origin. He completed taxol/cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiation. Surveillance imaging showed bilateral lung nodules, a right pleural effusion, and peritoneal carcinomatosis, which were diagnostic of metastatic carcinoma. He started carboplatin and epirubicin chemotherapy and has been doing well. Because standard of care treatment options for metastatic eccrine carcinoma have not been developed, it is imperative to report these cases to better understand these complex tumors and their treatment.
The Presence of Simple Renal Cysts Is Associated With Increased Arterial Stiffness in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Nishibe Toshiya , Dardik Alan , Maekawa Koki , Kano Masaki , Akiyama Shinobu , Nukaga Saori , Koizumi Jun , Ogino Hitoshi
Published: April 2022

Simple renal cysts (SRC) are associated with the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). We hypothesized that patients with AAA and SRC have increased arterial stiffness (AS) compared with patients without SRC . Patients (n=223) with an infrarenal AAA undergoing pulse wave analysis were recruited. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured (automated oscillometric method) as an index of AS. Participants were categorized into those with increased AS and those with normal/borderline AS (threshold: 1800 cm/s); 134 patients (60.1%) had increased AS and 89 (39.9%) patients had normal/borderline AS. Multivariable analyses showed that age ≥75 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51–5.72; P=.002), systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg (OR, 5.05; 95% CI, 2.35–10.83; P<.001), hypertension (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.08–4.79; P=.030), and presence of SRC (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.03–3.46; P=.040) were independent risk factors for increased AS. The presence of SRC is an independent risk factor for increased AS in patients with an AAA. This association suggests that patients with SRC may have severe aortic wall degeneration and thus the presence of SRC may be pathologically linked to the development of AAA.
Immigrant Organizations and Neighborhood Crime
Authors: Kim Young-An , Hipp John R. , Kubrin Charis E.
Published: April 2022

We examine the impact of immigrant-serving organizations on neighborhood crime in the Los Angeles Metropolitan area, while accounting for other community correlates of crime as well as potential endogeneity. We estimate longitudinal negative binomial regression models that test for the main, mediating, and moderating effects of immigrant-serving organizations. We found that immigrant-serving organizations generally have crime-reducing effects for all types of crime. We also find that high immigrant concentration is associated with lower levels of crime in general, and this effect is moderated by the number of organizations, which underlines the importance of accounting for these organizations when studying the nexus of immigrant concentration and neighborhood crime.
Book review: Soumyen Sikdar, Ramesh Chandra Das and Rajib Bhattacharyya (Eds), Role of IT–ITES in Economic Development of Asia: Issues of Growth, Sustainability and Governance
Authors: Chakraborty Debashis
Published: April 2022

Soumyen Sikdar, Ramesh Chandra Das and Rajib Bhattacharyya (Eds), Role of IT–ITES in Economic Development of Asia: Issues of Growth, Sustainability and Governance. Springer, 2020, pp. 329, Ä109.99 (Hardback), Ä79.99 (Paperback), ISBN 978-981-15-4205-3.
Creating Sacred Spaces: Buddhist, Hindu, Jewish, and Muslim Student Groups at U.S. Colleges and Universities
Authors: Coley Jonathan S. , Das Dhruba , Adler Gary J.
Published: April 2022

Why are some schools home to Buddhist, Hindu, Jewish, and Muslim student organizations but others are not? In this article, we draw on theories of student mobilization, especially recent theoretical insights on educational opportunity structures, to understand the factors associated with the presence and number of minority religious student organizations at U.S. colleges and universities. Analyzing an original database of minority religious student groups across 1,953 four-year, not-for-profit U.S. colleges and universities, we show that large, wealthy schools that are located in liberal, pluralistic contexts and that are not affiliated with Christian denominations exhibit greater odds of having at least one minority religious student organization. Similar factors are associated with the overall number of minority religious student organizations at a school. Our article represents the most comprehensive study to date of minority religious student organizations and sheds light on issues of unequal access to student organizations more generally.
Transforming research methods education through data science literacy
Authors: Overton Michael , Kleinschmit Stephen
Published: April 2022

Mass adoption of advanced information technologies is fueling a need for public servants with the skills to manage data-driven public agencies. Public employees typically acquire data skills through graduate research methods courses, which focus primarily on research design and statistical analysis. What data skills are currently taught, and what content should Master of Public Administration (MPA) programs include in their research method courses? We categorized research method course content in 52 syllabi from 31 MPA programs to understand how data skills are taught in public administration. We find that most graduate programs rely on research methods more suited for academic and policy research while lacking the data skills needed to modernize public agencies. Informed by these results, this work presents the Data Science Literacy Framework as a guide for assessing and planning curriculum within MPA programs.
Body mass index does not impact survival in COVID-19 patients requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Powell Elizabeth K , Haase Daniel J , Lankford Allison , Boswell Kimberly , Esposito Emily , Hamera Joseph , Dahi Siamak , Krause Eric , Bittle Gregory , Deatrick Kristopher B , Young Bree Ann C , Galvagno Samuel M , Tabatabai Ali
Published: April 2022

Introduction

With the increased demand for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) during the COVID-19 pandemic, guidelines for patient candidacy have often limited this modality for patients with a body mass index (BMI) less than 40 kg/m2. We hypothesize that COVID-19 VV ECMO patients with at least class III obesity (BMI ≥ 40) have decreased in-hospital mortality when compared to non-COVID-19 and non-class III obese COVID-19 VV ECMO populations.

Methods

This is a single-center retrospective study of COVID-19 VV ECMO patients from January 1, 2014, to November 30, 2021. Our institution used BMI ≥ 40 as part of a multi-disciplinary VV ECMO candidate screening process in COVID-19 patients. BMI criteria were not considered for exclusion criteria in non-COVID-19 patients. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to assess in-hospital mortality differences.

Results

A total of 380 patients were included in our analysis: The COVID-19 group had a lower survival rate that was not statistically significant (65.7% vs.74.9%, p = .07). The median BMI between BMI ≥ 40 COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients was not different (44.5 vs 45.5, p = .2). There was no difference in survival between the groups (73.3% vs. 78.5%, p = .58), nor was there a difference in survival between the COVID-19 BMI ≥ 40 and BMI < 40 patients (73.3, 62.7, p= .29). Multivariable logistic regression with the outcome of in-hospital mortality was performed and BMI was not found to be significant (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.89, 1.01; p = .92).

Conclusion

BMI ≥ 40 was not an independent risk factor for decreased in-hospital survival in this cohort of VV ECMO patients at a high-volume center. BMI should not be the sole factor when deciding VV ECMO candidacy in patients with COVID-19.
Selective crossectomy combined with mechanochemical ablation in the treatment of great saphenous vein insufficiency: Early results of a single center experience
Authors: Petrone Anna , Peluso Antonio , Ammollo Raffaele P , Turchino Davide , del Guercio Luca , Andreucci Michele , Serra Raffaele , Bracale Umberto M
Published: April 2022

Background

Selective crossectomy and mechanochemical ablation (MOCA) of great saphenous vein (GSV) have been used, for years, individually in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. In this paper, we focus on the advantages of a combination of the two techniques, in order to prevent complications and recurrence.

Methods

A preoperative clinical and instrumental screening phase was conducted for the purpose of dividing patients into three groups: “Saph+Cross” group (51/139 patients) underwent saphenectomy and crossectomy; “MOCA” group (44/139 patients) underwent MOCA of GSV with Flebogrif® device; “MOCA + Cross” group (44/139 patients) subjected to both MOCA and crossectomy procedures. Recurrence rate, defined as total recanalization of GSV and/or onset of neosaphena and/or new varicose veins, was used as a primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were procedural time and intra- and post-procedural complications.

Results

We conducted a 1-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up with Duplex scan. The recurrence rates were 3.9%, 21.8%, and 4.5% for “Saph+Cross,” “MOCA,” and “MOCA+Cross,” respectively, with a significant difference for the comparison between “MOCA” and “Saph+Cross” (MOCA vs Saph+Cross: OR 5.35, CI95% [0.98; 54.6], p-value .040). The sub-analysis of primary outcome highlighted a lower recanalization rate of GSV when combining the crossectomy with MOCA procedure (2.2% MOCA+Cross vs 15.9% MOCA; 0.12 OR, [0.002; 1.02] CI95%, p-value .029). Among the secondary outcomes, “MOCA” showed a shorter procedural time than the other groups (Saph+Cross: 51.3 ± 11.4; MOCA: 45.1 ± 7.5; MOCA+Cross: 50.4 ± 10; p-value .027). No significant differences were noted in terms of intra- and post-procedural complications.

Conclusions

The results showed that patients treated with saphenectomy and crossectomy have a lower recurrence rate compared to MOCA alone and MOCA + crossectomy procedures. The association of crossectomy with MOCA significantly reduces the recanalization rate of GSV, and it is also characterized by a higher free survival from recurrence (SSF) than with MOCA alone.
The impact of additional allied health staffing on rehabilitation outcomes at discharge from a sub-acute geriatric evaluation and management unit: A quasi-experimental, pre-post intervention study
Authors: Farlie Melanie K. , French Freya , Haines Terry P. , Taylor Nicholas F. , Williams Cylie
Published: April 2022

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of increasing allied health staffing levels on patient and health service outcomes across 1) all Geriatric Evaluation and Management patients, and 2) Geriatric Evaluation and Management patients discharged to home in the community.

Design

Quasi-experimental, pre-post intervention study.

Setting

Two sub-acute hospital units in an Australian, tertiary health service.

Subjects

Data related to patients admitted to the study units, who were classified as Geriatric Evaluation and Management patients.

Interventions

Comparison of therapy time across two units with a differential in staffing allocation over a six-month trial period.

Main measures

Primary outcomes: length of stay, readmission rate, and improvement on the Functional Independence Measure. Secondary outcomes: total cost of admission per patient and number of allied health sessions.

Results

Data were analysed for 214 patients (mean age = 79.9, standard deviation (SD) = 9.4 years, mean Functional Independence Measure (FIM = 64.9, SD = 21.2) admitted to the intervention unit, and 199 patients (mean age = 81.3, SD = 8.5, mean FIM = 64.2, SD = 24.0) admitted to the control unit. The overall difference in staffing allocation between the control and intervention units for the trial period was 21%. There was no statistically significant difference between units in subacute length of stay (Adj Coef = -0.10 days, 95%CI = -0.39 to 0.19), rate of readmission (OR = 1.0, 95%CI = 0.5 to 2.0) or change in function (Coef = 1.42 FIM change score, 95%CI = -2.4 to 5.3).

Conclusions

Increasing allied health staffing allocation to a unit over six-months did not impact change in function or length of stay for patients admitted for Geriatric Evaluation and Management.
Entangled Empire: Religion and the Transnational History of Pakistan and Israel
Authors: Birnbaum Maria
Published: April 2022

In this article I trace the transnational history of Pakistan and Israel, focusing on the global politics of religion entailed therein. I study the often-overlooked intra-imperial dynamics and the ways in which these intersected with the colonial and post-colonial sociology of knowledge, the politics of cultural diversity and the changing international order. I illustrate how the census and the enumeration of minorities, the claim to political representation, and the transition from ‘minority’ to ‘nation’ shaped that which could be recognised as religious difference as well as the states defined by it. I thereby show how the colonial governmental logic that structured the minority politics of the British Indian Muslims and the Palestinian Jews both limited and enabled the claims to the nations and the states that came to replace them. The case study focuses on two key individuals in the history of the Indian and Palestine partition, and the Pakistani and Israeli independence that followed, Reginald Coupland and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan. I ask how they, the institutions they represented, and the ideas they carried, circulated and influenced changed over the final decade before independence. In the final part of the article, I argue that claims for the recognition of religion in international relations (IR) are not separate from these forms of colonial epistemological politics but are intimately connected to them. By studying the global, entangled politics of religion we can begin to understand the costs of its recognition.
Power couples, cities, and wages
Authors: Florida Richard , Mellander Charlotta , King Karen
Published: April 2022

Power couples, defined as pairs of highly educated partners, tend to cluster in cities to take advantage of more developed labor markets, better jobs, and higher wages. This research examines to what extent being a partner in a power couple brings additional wage income benefits. We examine what the effects of power couple partnering is on wage income. Furthermore, we examine how the results are affected by gender and place of residence. To determine this, the research uses detailed Swedish micro data on power couples 23–39 years of age over the period 2007–2016. Our analysis finds positive and significant results from being in a power couple on wage income after controlling for individual, workplace, and geographical characteristics. This is the case for both men and women in power couple households without children, but for women only when children are present. For power couples in denser urban areas, we find a positive effect for men in power couples with or without children. We suggest this effect is due to a more equal “balance of power” between partners in highly educated power couples located in bigger cities, where norms and values may favor a relatively greater sharing of household duties between men and women, and where men face a different competitive situation in the labor market.
Development of Child Sex Trafficking Counseling Competencies in the United States: A Delphi Study
Authors: Interiano-Shiverdecker Claudia G. , Romero Devon E. , Elliott Jordan
Published: April 2022

Child sex trafficking (CST), the unlawful recruitment of any minor to engage in commercial sexual exploitation through force, fraud, or coercion, is a growing epidemic worldwide. Sex trafficking can have devastating consequences for children, including long-lasting physical and psychological trauma. Counselors working in clinical and school settings have first-hand access to a number of at-risk populations due to the nature of their work. Yet, counselors in the United States report lack of training on CST as a limitation to their ability to identify and effectively work with CST victims. Limited training derives from the absence of competency standards to guide counselors working with CST victims. To address this critical gap, this research study utilized expert consensus to develop an initial list of CST competencies for counselors working in the United States. A heterogeneous sample of 19-CST experts participated in a four-round Delphi process. The expert panel reached a consensus on 128 CST competency statements organized into five domains: (a) intervention strategies and the helping relationship, (b) trauma and sex trafficking, (c) assessment of risk factors and indicators, (d) ethical practice, and (e) cultural diversity and human growth and development. This article assists in identifying standards of practice necessary for counselors to detect, prevent, and assist sex-trafficked youth. Creating an initial list of competency standards can serve as guiding points for clinical practice training curricula, and quality control assessments for counselors, and possibly other mental health professionals, working with CST.
Using Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Adolescents’ Involvement in Family Conflict
Authors: Lopez-Larrosa Silvia , Sánchez-Souto Vanesa , Losada David E. , Parapar Javier , Barreiro Álvaro , Ha Anh P. , Cummings Edward M.
Published: April 2022

Many cases of violence against children occur in homes and other close environments. Machine leaning is a novel approach that addresses important gaps in ways of examining this socially significant issue, illustrating innovative and emerging approaches for the use of computers from a psychological perspective. In this paper, we aim to use machine learning techniques to predict adolescents’ involvement in family conflict in a sample of adolescents living with their families (community adolescents) and adolescents living in residential care centers, who are temporarily separated from their families because of adverse family conditions. Participants were 251 Spanish adolescents (Mage = 15.59), of whom 167 lived in residential care and 84 lived with their families. We measured perceived interparental and family conflict, adolescents’ emotional security, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral immediate responses to analog interparental conflict (IPC), and adolescents’ sociodemographic variables (i.e., age, gender). With a prediction accuracy of 65%, our results show that adolescents in residential care are not at greater risk for involvement in family conflict compared to adolescents living with their families. Age and gender are not salient predictive variables. We could identify that responses to analog IPC, adolescents’ emotional security, triangulation in IPC, and the presence of insults or blame during family disputes predict adolescents’ involvement in family conflict. These results point to variables with a potential predictive capacity, which is relevant for research and intervention.
Welding simulation of railway bogie frame side beam: Analyses of residual stresses, clamping forces, distortion and prediction of fatigue S-N curves
Authors: Afazov Shukri , Mistry Kaylan , Uzunov Kamen
Published: April 2022

This paper presents numerical analyses of a welding simulation of a bogie frame side beam. The simulation is based on an analytical thermal model coupled with a non-linear structural finite element model using shell elements enabling the welding simulation of large structures. The predicted clamping forces, distortions, and residual stresses for different clamping conditions and plate thicknesses are analysed in terms of manufacture. A new fatigue model based on the endurance limit approach is proposed using residual stresses to predict the S-N curves. The predicted S-N curves with the proposed model showed close correlation with the S-N curves for class F and class F2 welds of the BS7608 standard, demonstrating its validity and potential use in design.
Endwall contour design targeting on optimum aerodynamic efficiency of turbine stage and sealing effectiveness of rim seal
Authors: Cong Qingfeng , Li Zhigang , Li Jun
Published: April 2022

Endwall contour optimization design utilized to improve the aerodynamic performance has impact on the flow field near rim seal, and it consequently affects the sealing performance. Combined with Kriging agent model, NSGA-II genetic algorithm and CFD which solves the three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled with a fully developed shear stress transport turbulent model, this paper constructs an optimization design system for turbine non-axisymmetric endwall contour design in order to improve aerodynamic efficiency and sealing effectiveness simultaneously. The numerical method for predicting the flow in wheel-space and sealing performance of turbine rim seal is validated on the basis of published experimental data. The base flat endwall design, and two optimal endwall contour designs are selected to investigate the aerodynamic and sealing performance. The results show that the aerodynamic and sealing performance can be improved at the same time. Compared with the base flat endwall design, the total-to-total efficiency is increased by 0.23% and the sealing effectiveness is increased by 11.49% for optimal design 1 at optimal design point. Optimal design 1 can significantly reduce the aerodynamic loss and for different sealing flow rates, the total-to-total efficiency is greater than that of base flat endwall design. Compared with the base flat endwall design, the total-to-total efficiency is increased by 0.15% and the sealing effectiveness is increased by 15.43% for optimal design 2 at optimal design point. The influence of endwall contour on sealing effectiveness is obvious when the cooling flow rate is small. The work of this paper provides a reference for the design of non-axisymmetric endwall with comprehensive optimization of turbine aerodynamic and rim sealing performance.
Holocene ice-free strait followed by dynamic Neoglacial fluctuations: Hornsund, Svalbard
Authors: Osika Aleksandra , Jania Jacek , Szafraniec Joanna Ewa
Published: April 2022

The recession of the Hornbreen-Hambergbreen glaciers (Hornsund, Svalbard) will lead to the formation of a strait between the Greenland and Barents Seas within a few decades. We provide evidence for the earlier existence of this strait, in the Early–Middle Holocene and presumably since 1.3 ka cal. BP until glacier advance 0.7 ± 0.3 ka or earlier. Radiocarbon dating of mollusc shells from the ground moraines in the Hornbreen forefield indicate the existence of the marine environment at the contemporary glacierized head of Hornsund since 10.9 ka cal. BP or earlier due to glacier retreat. The gap in the radiocarbon dates between 3.9 and 1.3 ka cal. BP and the published results of 10Be exposure dating on Treskelen suggest the strait’s closure after glacier advance in the Neoglacial. Subsequent re-opening occurred around 1.3 ka cal. BP, but according to 10Be dates from Treskelen, the strait has again been closed since ca. 0.7 ± 0.3 ka or earlier. The oldest known surge of Hornbreen occurred around 1900. Analysis of Landsat satellite images, morphometric indicators characterizing the glacier frontal zones and previous studies indicate one surge of Hambergbreen (1957–1968) and five re-advances of Hornbreen in the 20th century (after 1936, between 1958 and 1962, in 1986–1990, 1998–1999, 2011). While the warmer Holocene intervals might be a benchmark for the effects of future climate change, glacier dynamics in post-Little Ice Age climate warming seems to be an analogue of glacier retreats and re-advances in the earlier periods of the Holocene.
Qualitative classification of Dendrobium huoshanense (Feng dou) using fast non-destructive hand-held near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Fang , Jia Bin , Dai Jun , Song Xiangwen , Li Xiaoli , Gao Haidi , Yan Hui , Han Bangxing
Published: April 2022

Because of the similar appearance and properties of different quality grades of the product, super Dendrobium huoshanense could be easily adulterated with first-grade D. huoshanense and second-grade D. huoshanense products, thereby affecting its clinical application and causing market distortion. In this study, a combination of hand-held near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics was used to classify different grades of D. huoshanense. The standard normal variate was employed to preprocess the original near infrared spectra, following which linear analysis models (principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA), and a non-linear support vector machine (SVM) model, were utilized to establish the identification models. The results showed that PCA analysis could not identify the three grades of D. huoshanense, and the LDA analysis could distinguish the second-grade from the other two grades. The PLSDA model resulted in prediction accuracies for the calibration cross-validation, and test sets of 91.83%, 83.58%, and 84.29%, respectively. Unfortunately, the super and first-grade D. huoshanense were not identified by the linear analysis model. Further analysis was performed with a non-linear model, where SVM was used to analyze all grades of D. huoshanense. The recognition rate of thel training set and validation set were 88% and 84%, respectively. All in all, the use of a hand-held near infrared spectrometer combined with chemometrics could identify the quality grade of D. huoshanense samples on-site in real-time, and provide a simple, fast, and reliable method for the quality control of the traditional Chinese medicine herb of D. huoshanense.
G6PD Namoru in Heterozygous Twins—A Case Report
Authors: Kalpana Jamuna S. , Rajan Nishanth , Vishwanathan Vidhya , Krishnan Lalitha
Published: April 2022

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency remains the most prevalent enzyme deficiency in the world. The global prevalence is 4.9%. There are around 92 mutations detected and both hemizygous and heterozygous can be symptomatic.

Case Report:

Twin babies were born at 32 weeks gestation. Initially they had mild respiratory distress and settled. On day 3 of life, they had neonatal jaundice and received phototherapy for 36 h. On day 8 of life, the boy became symptomatic and diagnosed as Escherichia coli sepsis. On 9th day, he developed jaundice and by day 10 of life he expired. G6PD was suspected but newborn screening showed normal G6PD reports. Girl was screened and had severe hemolysis requiring blood transfusion. Mutation analysis done revealed boy has homozygous mutation and girl had heterozygous mutation.

Discussion:

G6PD deficiency is a very common hemolytic genetic disorder, especially where malaria is endemic. It is more common in males and hence neonatal sepsis. They are several mutations detected. They can have severe hemolysis and severe sepsis with catalase positive organism. Boy had homozygous mutation and manifested as severe hemolysis and in turn sepsis. Girl had heterozygous mutation and manifested as hemolysis but not sepsis. During hemolysis period, G6PD levels can be falsely normal and so, to do Sanger sequencing analysis of G6PD levels.

Conclusion:

Newborn screening should be initiated by government in all areas The males who had sepsis or severe hemolysis during newborn period should undergo Sanger sequencing analysis of G6PD gene to avoid false negative normal levels.
Decision-making Process in Infrastructure Projects and Losses due to Delayed Decision-making in Public Sector Projects of Pakistan
Authors: Kamran Rashid , Qasim Muhammad , Latif Muhammad Usman , Shabeer Waqas
Published: April 2022

In recent years, the subject of decision-making in public infrastructure projects has become an important topic not only in project management but also in programme and portfolio management literature. Today, interdisciplinary projects are becoming a key focus in the collection, design and execution of government-sponsored programmes. With the various underlying risks and uncertainties, developed countries greatly depend on strategic planning regarding decision-making in infrastructure projects, whereas, in developing countries, the public sector programmes and projects are greatly affected by the lack of standardised and robust decision-making. This is primarily due to the lack of expertise to deal with the increasing complexity of the projects. This article aims at analysing the decision-making process in infrastructure development programmes/projects and discusses the factors affecting the decision-making process and thereby statistically chalking out the key losses caused by the delay in decision-making process in the public sector infrastructure projects of Pakistan. The findings will contribute towards understanding the criticality of decision-making process and mitigating the delay factors by encouraging to introduce standardisation in decision-making processes in the public sector.

JEL Classification: C51, D7, D91, L74, O18
Mental Health Among Chinese Immigrants in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Li Yang , Dong Fanghong , Kim Miyong
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Chinese immigrants have faced tremendous health challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of depression and anxiety and associated factors among Chinese immigrants in the United States.

Methodology:

This is a cross-sectional study conducted online. Sociodemographic, immigration-related, and pandemic-related factors, racism, social support, depression, and anxiety were measured.

Results:

A total of 507 Chinese immigrants completed the survey, with 36% of participants having depression and 29% having anxiety. Younger age ( p = .048), residing in the South ( p = .017), being affected by the pandemic ( p < .001), racism ( p < .001), and lower levels of social support ( p < .001) were associated with depression. Lower education levels ( p = .017), unemployment ( p = .036), being U.S.-born (China-born: p = .012; Other nativity: p = .034), being affected by the pandemic ( p = .006), racism ( p < .001), and lower levels of social support ( p = .006) were associated with anxiety.

Discussion:

There is a pressing need for health care professionals and policymakers to develop effective strategies to decrease anti-Chinese racism and address Chinese immigrants’ mental health needs during the pandemic and afterward.
Understanding the Effects of Mixed Reality on Video Game Satisfaction, Enjoyment, and Performance
Authors: Sinlapanuntakul Weerachet “Pitch” , Derby Jessyca L. , Chaparro Barbara S.
Published: April 2022

Background

With the rising demand for the use and application of modern immersive technologies, recent studies have investigated the user experience of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) for video game purposes. Despite AR's and VR's pervasiveness in the video game industry, research studies into the effects of mixed reality (MR) on video game experience are scarce. This study examined the impact of MR on video game satisfaction, enjoyment, and user performance of first-time users.

Method

Participants played the same strategy video game across two platforms, an MR headset and a mobile device. A short version of the Game User Experience Satisfaction Scale (GUESS-18) and the Enjoyment scale (ENJOY) were used to measure satisfaction and enjoyment.

Results

Results demonstrated that MR provided greater overall satisfaction, engrossment, creativity, and personal gratification. In addition, results revealed higher overall enjoyment, challenge/improvement, and engagement in the MR condition. Interestingly, participants performed better with the mobile version. No statistical differences were found between the conditions regarding the GUESS's usability, audio aesthetics, visual aesthetics, and the ENJOY's pleasure and competence.

Conclusion

The study provides insight into how MR influences satisfaction and enjoyment for video games. Playing a video game in mixed reality has the potential to enhance the user experience of game players despite the possibility of simulator sickness and worse performance than traditional mobile environments. Features of the gameplay that enhanced as well as diminished video game experience are discussed.