bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MINAT BELAJAR SISWA SD TERHADAP PKN MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERMAIN PERAN
Authors: Rambe Andina Halimsyah , Apriani Winda
Published: March 2023

Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) merupakan bidang studi yang di dalamnya terdapat  teori-teori yang berkaitan dengan kewarganegaraan. Hal ini menjadikan salah satu kendala bagi pendidik yang mengajarkan pada peserta didiknya tentang PKn yang memang lebih banyak diisi dengan metode ceramah, sehingga siswa merasa PKn merupakan pelajaran yang membosankan tanpa ada kegiatan di luar kelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran bermain peran pada pembelajaran PKn pada materi Memahami Sistem Pemerintahan Republik Indonesia (Pemilu). Model pembelajaran bermain peran adalah suatu metode belajar yang dilakukan peserta didik dengan cara melakukan akting dan penghayatan terhadap suatu penokohan. Melalui model pembelajaran bermain peran ini, secara khusus dapat meningkatkan ketertarikan siswa terhadap pembelajaran PKn itu sendiri dengan banyaknya kelebihan yang didapat sehingga tercapainya tujuan dari pembelajaran yang aktif dan efektif.

Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, Model Pembelajaran, Bermain Peran
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN QUESTIONS STUDENTS HAVE PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI SD/MI
Authors: Harahap Aulia Rika , Nugraheni Aninditya Sri
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Development in the learning model always aims to get optimal learning outcomes. So, one of the models that the researcher developed was the Questions Students Have learning model which tested the extent of intellectual development and the characteristics of elementary school children. In learning, students get a lot of coverage, including providing direct experience to students, and being able to understand the material more deeply. This learning has implications not only for students but for teachers and the necessary infrastructure in schools. The results of the research at this stage showed good results where the development of the Questions Students Have learning model on social studies learning could stimulate interest, increase student learning motivation, require students to be actively involved and the students' response to learning. The response of students to learning models that can be expressed when learning activities are happy (90%) and those who say they are not happy are only (10%), as for the content of learning materials of students who say they are happy (80%), and who say they are not happy (20%), then the process of answering questions that stated happy or active (70%), while those who expressed displeasure (30%), and finally the learning atmosphere in class got a good response which was seen from the joy of the students (80 %) and those who expressed displeasure (20%). So it can be concluded that the Questions Students Have learning is feasible and good to use in the social studies learning model.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA DIKELAS V UPTD SDN 165 SIANTONA
Authors: Sholeh Muhammad , Nurkholiza Siti
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) untuk mengetahui kedisiplinan siswa dikelas V UPTD SDN 165 Siantona, (2) untuk mengetahui peran guru dalam meningkatkan siswa dikelas V UPTD SDN 165 Siantona , (3) untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat guru dalam meningkatkan kedisipinan siswa dikelas V UPTD SDN 165 Siantona. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yaitu berupa data-data yang didapat baik berupa tertulis maupun lisan seseorang yang berkaitan subjek dalam penelitian ini ialah guru kelas, kepala sekolah dan guru bidang studi Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di UPTD SDN 165 Siantona. Dalam proses pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan tiga metode pengumpulan data, yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa 1) Adanya tindak ketidakdisiplinan yang dilakukan siwa berupa sebagian a) siswa datang terlambat kesekolah, b) berpakaian yang tidak rapi, c) tidak mengerjakan pr .2) peran yang dilakukan guru dalam mengatasi dan meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa yaitu a) guru sebagai pembimbing, b)guru sebagai contoh atau teladan, c) guru sebagai penasehat, d) guru sebagai motivator. 3) faktor pendukung dan penghambat guru dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa dikelas V UPTD SDN 165 Siantona yaitu a) berasal dari orang tua siswa atau keluarga, b) lingkungan dan teman sepergaulan siswa.

Kata Kunci : Peran guru, Kedisiplinan siswa.
Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran Teori Sastra Berbasis Mobile Learning Berbantuan Aplikasi Inventor
Authors: Hiasa Fina , Agustina Emi , Supadi Supadi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to increase student motivation and learning outcomes in the Literary Theory course using mobile learning-based learning media assisted by the inventor application. Classroom action research using the descriptive method was carried out in two cycles. Data collection was carried out using test and non-test techniques. The results showed that the achievement targets were successfully obtained in Cycle II, namely 31% or as many as 10 students obtaining very good grades. The results of Cycle II increased compared to Cycle I, with very good grades only obtained by 7 students. In addition, the results of student responses in Cycles I and II also experienced a shift for the better. The average distribution of the percentages answered by students in Cycle II, namely Agree 66%, Quite Agree 32%, and Disagree 1.9%. From these results, it can be concluded that there is an increase in learning outcomes and student motivation in Literature Theory learning activities when using mobile learning-based learning media assisted by the inventor application.
Tata Bahasa Kasus dalam film Kena: Bridge of Spirit Berdasarkan Perspektif Charles J. Fillmore
Authors: Muntahana Nuratul , Al Anshory Abdul Muntaqim
Published: March 2023

This study aims to identify the modality and proposition in the movie "Kena: Bridge of Spirit" using Charles J. Fillmore's case grammar theory. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The object of this research is the movie "Kena: Bridge of Spirit" directed by Hunter Schmidt. The data collection techniques used are listening and note-taking methods. Data analysis in this study went through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The data validation techniques used are to increase persistence and triangulation. The results of the research on the movie "Kena: Bridge of Spirit" based on Fillmore's case grammar theory consists of four modalities (tense, negation, mode, and aspect) and ten propositions (agent, experience, place, instrument, time, objective, purpose, accompaniment, source, and benefactive).
Modalitas Epistemik -Hazu Da dan Padanannya dalam Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Herawati Isye , Delfariyadi Fahri
Published: March 2023

Japanese epistemic modality can be expressed through by linguistic markers, such as adverb markers indicate the gradient or level of the speaker’s assumptions about a specific phenomenon. This study aims to investigate the epistemic modality of Japanese -hazu da and its Indonesian equivalent. This study utilized descriptive and qualitative methods, and data were obtained from various novels and Shonagon corpus. The findings of the present study are the adverbs and grammatical components that appear with modal auxiliary verbs, resulting in different epistemic gradations, notably uncertainty in the lowest rank, expectation/reasonable prediction, agreement/consent, disaffirmation, and strong negation, as well as strong affirmation in the highest rank. The Indonesia equivalent derived from this modality are ‘mungkin’, ‘tentunya’, ‘pastinya’, ‘kalau tidak salah’, and ‘mana mungkin’. The speaker’s logical reasoning and assumption supported by the contextual aspect and grammatical items in sentences.
The Challenges of Drone Application in the Construction Industry
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia, Yahya Mohd Yamani , Shun Wong Pao ,   Universiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia, Md. Yassin Azlina ,   Universiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia, Omar Roshartini ,   Universiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Drone technology is currently being used in many areas, and the increasing prevalence of drones is evident in all areas. Drones were first used for military purposes and now they have become an important part of military actions. In recent years, drone technology has become widespread in various industries including journalism, filmmaking, aerial photography, shipping, delivery. However, drone technology is still in its infancy and has not had a significant impact on the construction industry in Malaysia. Therefore, the study's objective was to assess the challenges preventing the application of drone technology in the Malaysian construction industry. The methodology used for this research was qualitative, which is data collection through interviews with three drone experts. The respondents in this research were directors of construction companies that use unmanned aerial vehicles for their operations. The findings showed that drones faced the challenges of unfamiliarity, lack of knowledge, reticence to adopt new technologies, privacy issues, and security issues. These challenges faced by drone technology willnot prevent its application in the Malaysian construction industry. However, government support is important in promoting the use of drone technology and raising people's awareness of drone technology in the construction industry.
Operational Excellence and Commercial Banking Performance: A Competitive Advantage Opportunity
Authors:   Bayero University Kano, Muazu Muazu Hassan , Nashehu Hauwau Hassan ,   Federal University Dutsinma
Published: March 2023

Commercial banks in the emerging markets have witnessed transformations in recent times, which has affected their operational performance. These transformations include consolidations,recapitalisation, technological advancement, compliance and the rise in retail banking patronage. The increasing number of customers has become one of the sources of challenges to the banks. Other issues are challenges of effective service delivery, rise in the cost of operations, and branch network. Operational excellence is viewed as a strategy and a competitive advantage opportunity for overcoming some of these challenges as practised in other sectors of the economy in Nigeria and beyond. This paper adopted a case study approach to point out some of the opportunities and benefits derivable from operational excellence to the commercial banking operations in developing countries as experienced by banks in some developed nations. Also highlighted are some of the levers and approaches to implementing operational excellence in the banking sector. The article thus concludes that operational excellence improves banks’ service delivery, customer satisfaction, cost-effectiveness and efficiency, a substantial increase in revenue and profit, and offers a competitive advantage to banks. Hence, Nigerian banks must leverage their workforce, processes, innovation, and governance to attain excellence in their operations for them to remain competitive in both regional and international markets.
INVESTIGATION OF PHASE NOISE INFLUENCE OF MODULATOR FOR THE ERROR-PERFORMANCES UNDER RECEPTION OF DIGITAL SIGNALS
Authors:   Fryazino branch of the Kotelnikov Institute of Radioegineering and Electronics of RAS, 141120, Moscow region, Fryazino, Vvedensky Sq. 1, Kuliev M.V. , Nazarov L.E. ,   Fryazino branch of the Kotelnikov Institute of Radioegineering and Electronics of RAS, 141120, Moscow region, Fryazino, Vvedensky Sq. 1
Published: March 2023

The results of studies of the distorting effect for phase noise of digital signal modulators, generated by short-term instability of clock generators, on the degradation of probabilistic characteristics (bit error probability) when receiving digital signals with two-dimensional "constellations" (signals with multi-position phase shift keying and signals with amplitude-phase shift keying) are presented. Research is carried out for two models of phase noises with parameters of their power with uniform and normal laws of phase density distribution. Numerical estimates of energy losses are given, obtained by theoretical calculation and computer simulation of the algorithm for receiving digital signals using the considered models of phase noise with respect to additive white Gaussian channel noise. It is shown that the energy losses calculated using the analytical relation for these signals are fairly approximate estimates in relation to the simulation results. It is also shown that for signals with 2-position phase shift keying and for amplitude-phase keying with a keying order equal to 8, in the presence of phase noise with specified powers and distribution density laws, the bit error probabilities are practically equivalent to the theoretical values of the bit error probabilities for channel with additive white Gaussian noise - in this case, the energy loss is almost equal to 0. Signals with 8-position phase-shift keying are most susceptible to the distorting effect of phase noise - for the considered phase noise power parameter, the energy loss exceeds 1.5 dB. The method of reducing energy losses when receiving the considered series of digital signals is based on the use of clock generators with a decrease in the power of phase noise
Etnoekologi dalam Dongeng Masyarakat Desa Pebenaan Kecamatan Keritang Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir
Authors: Azwan Muhammad , Andriyani Noni
Published: March 2023

Unsur-unsur kebudayaan terdiri dari bahasa, sistem pengetahuan, organisasi sosial, sistem peralatan hidup/teknologi, sistem mata pencarian, sistem religi, dan kesenian. Berdasarkan unsur-unsur kebudayaan yang ada maka penelitian ini penulis batasi kajiannya pada tiga unsur yaitu, sistem religi, sistem mata pencarian, dan sistem peralatan hidup/teknologi. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis, menginterpretasikan, mendeskripsikan dan menyimpulkan etnoekologi yang berkaitan dengan sistem religi, sistem mata pencarian, dan sistem peralatan hidup/teknologi dalam Dongeng Masyarakat Desa Pebenaan Kecamatan Keritang Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya unsur-unsur kebudayaan yang berkaitan dengan etnoekologi berupa sistem religi, sistem mata pencaharian, dan sistem peralatan hidup/teknologi dalam Dongeng Masyarakat Desa Pebenaan Kecamatan Keritang Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir yaitu sistem religi secara keseluruhan terdapat 15 data (sampel 3 data), sistem mata pencaharian 23 data (sampel 8 data), dan sistem peralatan hidup/teknologi terdapat 26 data (sampel 8 data). Etnoekologi yang lebih dominan dalam dongeng ini adalah etnoekologi dalam sistem peralatan hidup/teknologi karena pada umumnya dongeng-dongeng tersebut menceritakan kehidupan keseharian tokoh yang banyak menggunakan alat-alat untuk membantu mereka dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup.
Predicting cognitive effort: role of mental energy, performance feedback, arithmetic skill, and caffeine
Authors: Bilgen Gamze , Schulz Daniela , Tanriverdi Dilce
Published: March 2023

Effortful behavior sustains family life, makes careers, and improves mental health. Effort is a motivational construct that is typically distinguished from physical and mental energy in diagnostic systems. However, overlapping neural substrates pertaining to the dopamine system tie these constructs together. To shed light on this conflict, here we assessed the individual contributions of mental energy, performance feedback, arithmetic skill, and caffeine to effortful decision-making in a novel, low-cost, high-throughput behavioral task that we designed to measure known dopaminergic functions. In this task, participants chose to expend high or low cognitive effort, solving arithmetic questions in working memory, while taking into account the size of reward associated with each choice, and also the likelihood of winning the reward. We found that individuals high in mental energy chose to expend high cognitive effort when the reward probability was high, but that low energy individuals made fewer high effort choices even when the rewards were likely. High energy individuals prioritized feedback from high effort tasks, whereas low energy individuals responded to feedback from low effort tasks. Arithmetic accuracy, a reward contingency, was predicted by an index of arithmetic skill and caffeine consumption. Shared variances between mental energy, arithmetic accuracy, and cognitive effort point to overlapping substrates. Insights gained have important implications for job and academic environments in which mental effort is key to success. 
Challenging AI Empire: Toward a Decolonial and Queer Framework of Data Resurgence
Authors: Tacheva Zhasmina , Ramasubramanian Srividya
Published: March 2023

  

In the age of AI, when models like DALL-E and ChatGPT impact countless aspects of our lives, the dehumanizing and harmful features of AI that have plagued data science since its inception continue resulting in the routine erasure, exploitation, and subjugation of people of color, Indigenous people, women, queer, non-binary, immigrant, dis/abled, and non-Western people. Far from a “glitch” or unintentional error, these endemic issues are a function of the systemic oppression upon which the global AI industry is built. Rooted in colonialism, heteropatriarchy, and racial capitalism, this perpetual oppression shows that we live not simply in the Age of AI but in the Age of AI Empire. Since Big Data and algorithms only further reinforce the logics of hegemony, extractivism, surveillance, and subjugation which drive AI Empire, we argue that reforming AI from within the same oppressive system that created it can do little beyond providing band-aid solutions. 

Instead, to advance justice, we must radically transform our ideas about data and technology and develop them from the bottom-up, from the perspectives of those who stand the most risk of being harmed. Rather than being perceived as “vulnerable,” the people and communities most directly impacted by AI are more properly understood as demonstrating technological ingenuity, alterity, sustained resistances, and refusals against AI Empire – practices we call Data Resurgence. Through the lessons learned from Indigenous, decolonial, and queer communities, we show that data resurgence can be a powerful collective response to AI Empire based on Anti-coloniality, Relationality, Sovereignty, and Liberatory Praxis.
Differential expression of NRXN1 in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and colorectal cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined public and published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding neurexin 1, NRXN1, when comparing colorectal tumors to the tissue of origin, the colon. NRXN1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the colon as compared to normal colorectal tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of NRXN1 in rectal tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with rectal cancer with low mutational burden. NRXN1 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human CRC.
Deconstructing the Ethernet Using Rag
Authors: Akar Simon
Published: March 2023

Bayesian symmetries and public-private key pairs have garnered tremendous interest from both biologists and information theorists in the last several years. In this work, we disconfirm the deployment of the memory bus. Here we argue that even though the well-known pseudorandom algorithm for the understanding of I/O automatais NP-complete, the seminal knowledge-based algorithm for the construction of robots by J. Garcia is impossible.
Project 1: Urban residents’ biodiversity connections and belief in biodiversity loss reasoning paper 3
Authors: Jin Ruining
Published: March 2023

Clark et al. [1] examine the interconnectedness between biodiversity, cultural pathways, and human health. They contend that biodiversity is critical for different communities’ cultural practices, which in turn influence human health outcomes. The authors also emphasize the significance of considering various ways in which people interact with nature and how these interactions affect biodiversity and human health.
Implications of the COVID-19 trajectory for the evaluation of hand hygiene interventions: Secondary analysis of the Soapp trial
Authors: Baretta Dario , Inauen Jennifer
Published: March 2023

Hand hygiene behavior is crucial to counter the spread of infectious diseases. However, its adoption during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic showed temporal fluctuations associated with the pandemic trajectory. Such associations can confound conclusions about the effectiveness of interventions aimed at promoting hand hygiene during a pandemic. In this study, we performed a secondary analysis of a dataset from the optimization phase of Soapp, an app to promote hand hygiene during the COVID-19. We used a longitudinal study design to test whether the associations between the pandemic trajectory and hand hygiene behavior were still present one year after the outbreak and whether they impacted conclusions about the effectiveness of Soapp. Participants (N = 216) were randomized to different versions of Soapp and used an electronic diary to self-report their hand hygiene behavior multiple times during the study. The following COVID-19 trajectory indicators were included in the analysis: total cases/deaths, increases in recent new cases/deaths, new cases/deaths, and number of administered doses of vaccine. Multilevel analysis suggested that there were no significant associations between hand hygiene and the indicators of the pandemic trajectory in the period between March and August 2021. However, models including total cases/deaths impacted the conclusions about Soapp's effectiveness. Implications from this study are that the development and evaluation of hand hygiene interventions during a pandemic context should account for the trajectory indicators to maximize their effectiveness and control for confounding effects.
Profiles of epistemological beliefs, knowledge about explanation norms, and explanation skills: Changes after an intervention
Authors: Klopp Eric , Krause-Wichmann Theresa , Stark Robin
Published: March 2023

In this study, we exploratively investigate the relation between students’ epistemological beliefs and their declarative knowledge about scientific explanations and their practical skills to explain psychological phenomena drawing on scientific theories before and after a training intervention using a person-centered approach. We theoretically derive profiles of epistemological beliefs that should be beneficial for constructing scientific explanations. Using a latent profile transition analysis and a sample with N=108 students, we explore which profiles of epistemological beliefs, declarative knowledge about explanations, and explanation skills empirically emerge before and after an intervention that aimed and fostering students’ skills to construct scientific explanations. Before the intervention, two profiles emerged that differed in epistemological beliefs and explanation skills, but both did not in declarative knowledge about explanation. Consistent with theoretical expectations, those having higher explanation skills have more beneficial epistemological beliefs. The intervention, in general, yielded a gain in declarative knowledge about explanations and explanation skills. After the intervention, again, two profiles emerged. However, these profiles did not differ in their epistemological beliefs but only in declarative knowledge about explanations and explanation skills. Thus, the intervention seems to level out the effects of epistemological beliefs. Additionally, the pattern of change in epistemological beliefs is consistent with theoretical expectations about which epistemological beliefs are beneficial for explanations. We discuss the results and their implications, as well as their limitations. Finally, we provide an outlook of using the person-oriented approach and this study’s type of intervention in the research on changing epistemological beliefs.
Does the threat of COVID-19 modulate automatic imitation?
Authors: Roberts James , Bennett Simon
Published: March 2023

The tendency to involuntarily imitate the actions of others (automatic imitation) can be modulated by social affiliative cues. Here, we explored whether the disruption to our social lives caused by the COVID-19 pandemic may subsequently influence automatic imitation. Three groups were initially presented a sentence comprehension task that featured either neutral (control), safe or unsafe primes to COVID-19 infection. They then completed an automatic imitation task, where a numeric cue was presented alongside apparent motion of an index or middle finger, which was either compatible or incompatible with the required response. Reaction times were longer for the incompatible compared to compatible trials, and thus demonstrated automatic imitation. However, there was no influence of the primes indicating that automatic imitation was unaffected by the risk of COVID-19. The potential theoretical explanations and practical implications of pathogen avoidance and social bonding incentives are discussed with reference to pandemic events.
Comparison of Effects of Volume-Controlled and Pressure-Controlled Ventilation during Laparoscopic Surgeries in Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Arjyal Batsalya , Khanal Kanak , Rajbanshi Lalit Kumar , Bajracharya Akriti , Regmi Gunjan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The pneumoperitoneum created during laparoscopic surgery has numerous effects on the patient ranging from respiratory to hemodynamics. The two common methods of ventilator are volume control and pressure control. The volume control method has been commonly used during general anesthesia. Pressure control method has been used in intensive care unit for improving the respiratory mechanics.

Objective: The study aims to compare the effects of pressure control to volume control ventilation in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. The hypothesis of the study is that pressure control method improves the respiratory mechanics by decreasing the peak airway pressure and increasing the lung compliance.

 Methodology: The total of 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery were undertaken for this study. The 50 in each group (PCV and VCV) were allotted randomly. As per predicted body weight, the tidal volume was adjusted to 8 ml/kg, for both the modes of ventilation, peep 5 mm of Hg with fio2 of 100% and I:E-1:2,. The variations in peak airway pressure, mean airway pressure, lung compliance, SPO2 and hemodynamic parameters were observed at baseline (T1), at pneumoperitoneum (T2), after 10 minutes of pneumoperitonium (T3) and at 20 minutes after pneumoperitonium (T4).

Results: The pressure control group on comparison to volume control mode group showed significant decrease in peak airway pressure while increase in mean airway pressure and increase in lung compliance at different points of pneumoperitoneum. However there was no significant change in hemodynamics between the two groups in patient undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Conclusion: We conclude that respiratory mechanics improve when the patient is on pressure control ventilation in compared to volume control method of ventilation. Whereas there is no difference in hemodynamic parameters between the two methods.
Menstrual Disorders and its Effects on Academic Performance among the Nursing Students of PUSHS, Gothgaun
Authors: Shrestha Sapana , Manandhar Saraswati , Limbu Chandrakala , Kunwar Chanchala , Sinha Pramila , Shrestha Ramesh
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Menstrual cycle is a periodic physiological process in women of childbearing age. Menstrual disorders may affect the daily activities and quality of life among reproductive age group women worldwide.

Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the menstrual disorders and its effects on academic performance among the nursing students of Purbanchal University School of Health Sciences.

Methodology: It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among 170 undergraduate nursing students of Purbanchal University School of Health Sciences, Gothgaun. Proportionate followed by simple random sampling (lottery method) was adopted. Data was collected through self administered method using semi structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 16.0. Female with systemic health problems, any diagnosed pelvic pathology (fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease), positive pregnancy test, and lactating mothers were excluded from the study.

Results: Among 170 respondents, most of them (87.1%) had some form of premenstrual symptoms. Majority of them (77.6%) had dysmenorrhea. There was statistically significant association between dysmenorrhea and academic performance with class absenteeism (p=0.009), lack of concentration in class (p<0.001), not able to prepare for exam (p=0.014), mood swings (p=0.043), difficulty in participating in extracurricular activities and difficulty in public speaking (p=0.007). Premenstrual syndrome was also significantly associated with class absenteeism (p=0.012), sleeping desire during lectures (p=0.031) and mood swings (p=0.001).

Conclusion: Menstrual disorders were significantly high among the nursing students and most of them were suffering from premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. It had significant impact on academic performance of nursing students.
Retrospective Analysis of Spinal Anesthesia for Daycare Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bhattarai Prajjwal Raj , Khadka Bikash , Adhikari Hemant , Khadka Rinku , Sharma Apurb
Published: March 2023

Introduction: We preferred general anesthesia over spinal anesthesia for day care surgeries in our center. During COVID-19 pandemic, we planned subarachnoid blocks for daycare surgeries, to minimize aerosol generation and to reduce virus transmission risk to health care professions.

Objectives: This study intended to compare time of discharge after  subarachnoid block with general anesthesia in day care surgeries. We compare time to achieve post-anesthetic discharge score (PADS) equal to or more than nine; need for overnight hospitalization; and complications.

Methodology: A retrospective analysis of cases posted for elective daycare surgery in our institute during COVID-19 pandemic from April 2020 to July 2020 were identified. We compared  time to  discharge home in patients who received general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia. Normality of distribution was determined using Two sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Tes. Student t test was used for normally distributed data, Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normal distributed data. Categorical variables were analyzed using a chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test. 

Results: A total of 2214 patients were included in this study.181 patients remained for analysis; 70 in the general anesthesia group and 91  in the spinal anesthesia group. Mean time (+SD) to achieve PADS score in group GA is 263.47(+75.06) whereas in group SAB was 339.55(+156.903). Mean time (+SD) taken to discharge home in group GA was 296.08(+74.76) whereas in group SAB was 365.66(+158.68) minutes respectively. Post hoc power of the study was 95.8.

Conclusion: With low dose bupivacaine, spinal anesthesia is a safe alternative for ambulatory day care surgeries.
Pattern of Hematological Diseases treated at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sapkota Sulav , Priyadarshini Mona
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Hematological diseases are increasing day to day in the eastern region of Nepal. There are very few centers providing treatment to hematological diseases patients in the eastern  region of Nepal.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to stratify the types of hematological diseases treated at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital along with their demographic and clinic-pathological features.

Methodology:  This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 21 December 2020 to 20 July 2021 in the Department of Hemato-Oncology. All the clinically as well as laboratorically proven hematological disease patients receiving treatment during the study period were taken as study population. Hematological diseases are blood related diseases like anemia, blood cancers (like leukemia , lymphoma , multiple myeloma) ,hemolytic diseases , coagulation disease ,thrombocytopenia, etc. Data were entered and analyzed in Microsoft Excel version 2010  and IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 respectively.

Result: There were a total of 48 cases who received treatment during the study duration. The mean age of the cases was 50 (range 2-92) years with female gender almost equal to male gender. About 29% cases were involved in tobacco/ smoking . Majority of the cases involved were leukemia (33%), lymphoma (21%) ,hemolytic disease(11%)  and Immune thrombocytopenic purpura(11%) cancer.We have good clinical remission (61%) of the cases, majority of which were non malignant cases. Total 77% of the cases were alive, 4% were referred while 19 % of the cases expired during the study period, majority of which were acute leukemias.

Conclusion:There is a rise of hematological cancer in eastern Nepal and hence there is a need for a comprehensive hematological center in the eastern region of Nepal.
Comparative Study between Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration plus Cholecystectomy versus Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography plus Cholecystectomy for Cholecysto-Choledocholithiasis
Authors: Yadav Rohit Prasad , Purbey Bibek Kumar , Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Shrestha Bhupendra Charan , Paudyal Nabin , Yadav Kumari Ragani , Bhattarai Amit
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The management of concomitant gallbladder and common bile duct stones have been debated between both endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy, safety, cost and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration plus cholecystectomy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography plus cholecystectomy.

Methodology: This is a comparative interventional study carried out among 62 patients with concomitant gallstones and common bile duct stones. The study population was divided into two groups by simple randomized sampling technique (lottery technique). Group A underwent laparoscopic common bile duct exploration followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy in one stage (single-staged management). Group B underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy in second hospital visit (two-staged management).

Results: Complete clearance of the stone with a single attempt was achieved in Group A compared to Group B as 8 patients had  gone for a second attempt in group B. Post operative pancreatitis was higher i.e. 24(77.41%) in Group B with statically significance (p value <0.005). Other complications like bleeding i.e. 29(93.54% in A and 26(83.87%) in B group, perforation was also noted during the study period that includes 29(93.54%) in B group. The mean operative time was longer in Group A i.e. 130.2 ± 41.5 minutes while in Group B was 78.5± 10.2 minutes which was statistically significant (p <0.001).The cost of procedure was higher for patients undergoing two-staged management.  

Conclusion: The complete clearance of the stone with a single attempt was achieved in Group A compared to Group B where 8 patients had a second attempt. Also incidence of pancreatitis was higher in Group B and statically significant. Other complications like bleeding perforation was also noted during the study period in B group. The mean operative time was longer in Group A which was statistically significant. However, for those patients with concomitant gallbladder and common bile duct stones, single-staged management consisting of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration and laparoscopic cholecystectomy could be the preferred method of treatment where the expertise and facilities are available.
Assessment of Thyroid Function in Neonates Born to Hypothyroid Mothers
Authors: Ray Nabal Kishor , Rimal Hem Sagar , Mishra Rajnish , Yadav Shailendra Kumar , Singh Ishani
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism is a preventable cause of intellectual disability in childhood. It is one of the commonest endocrine conditions encountered in the neonatal period.  Maternal Thyroid Status has long been recognized as having an impact on the developing fetus, and more recently a family history of thyroid dysfunction has been implicated as a risk factor in congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Therefore, this study focused on thyroid screening in neonates born to hypothyroid mothers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the thyroid function in neonates born to hypothyroid mothers.

Methodology: This was a hospital based cross-sectional observational prospective study conducted at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital from March 2021 to May 2022.  A total of 109 neonates born to hypothyroid mothers were included in the study. Thyroid functions of these babies were assessed at 72 hours of life. The data was entered into Microsoft offices excel and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS 20). 

Results: Out of 109  neonates born to hypothyroid mothers,  <1%  was found to have a high TSH Level above the upper limit of reference cut off value (20miu/L) and was considered to be abnormal (congenital hypothyroidism).

Conclusion: All the newborns except one had normal TSH levels which were probably due to early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment to the mothers with hypothyroidism.
Fabrication of Feeding Plate in Neonates with Cleft Lip and Palate: Case Series
Authors: Dallakoti Parayash , Rai Amita , Sundas Sunanda , Koirala Bandana , Dali Mamta , Dhakal Neha
Published: March 2023

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a common craniofacial anomaly which can be syndromic or non-syndromic. In children with CLP, feeding is the biggest concern due to lack of oral seal owing to the presence of clefts in the oral cavity. To achieve a near normal feeding, feeding plates are delivered to restore the separation thus helping to create negative intraoral pressure during suckling. Impression making for the fabrication of feeding plate is incredibly challenging procedure but selection of appropriate impression material, patient positioning during impression making and preparation for management of emergency mishaps can make the procedure easier and safer. Present case series highlights the fabrication and delivery of feeding plates made up of two different materials (Ethylene vinyl acetate and self-cure acrylic resin) in three neonates who were four, fourteen and five days old.
Basic concept of healthy aging
Authors: Chalise Hom Nath
Published: March 2023

Rapid population aging is a characteristic of 21st century, regardless of a nation’s level of development. An ageing global population results burden in medical and social demographic problem worldwide. Addressing this problem is the highest priority for the care of the ageing population worldwide. Healthy ageing is an individual lived experience that is influenced by healthy behaviours over the course of a lifetime. This includes a person’s ability to: meet their basic needs; learn, grow and make decisions; be mobile; build and maintain relationships; and contribute to society. For the promotion of healthy aging, healthy life style is important. A healthy lifestyle for older adults includes: healthy eating, regular physical activity, staying at a healthy weight, improving mental health, social participation, regular health checkups and health screening, no smoking and taking steps to prevent falls.
Urgensi Prinsip Musyawarah Terhadap Lembaga Daerah Dalam Perspektif Negara Hukum Pancasila
Authors: Hadita Cynthia , Harijanti Susi Dwi
Published: March 2023

The problem has not been applied optimally and optimally to the principle of deliberation, besides the need for structuring regional institutions so that they can run effectively and efficiently so that it needs to be studied in the perspective of the state theory of Pancasila law. The purpose of this study is to analyze the urgency of the principle of deliberation towards regional institutions. The research method used is normative juridical. The results showed that the urgency of regional institutions that refer to the principle of deliberation by remembering that Indonesia is a State of Pancasila Law, one of which needs to practice consultative values, it becomes necessary to construct regional institutions. The RIA method needs to be carried out to consider the costs and benefits in maximizing the implementation of ideal regional autonomy by elaborating on the arrangement of inefficient regional institutions so that they can be implemented optimally
KENDALA DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA IBU BEKERJA: STUDI KUALITATIF
Authors: Widjayanti Yhenti , Ramadhan Muhammad Putra , Aditya Ronal Surya , Rahmatika Qory Tifani , Sunaryo Eri Yanuar Akhamad Budi , Evi Nurul , Masfi Ahmad , Afiani Nurma
Published: March 2023

Abstrak: Nutrisi terbaik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi pada 6 bulan pertama adalah ASI. ASI memiliki peran penting dalam proses perkembangan bayi baik perkembangan kognitif, sensorik maupun motorik. ASi juga memberikan perlindungan terhadap infeksi dan penyakit kronis. Fenomena yang ada masih banyak Ibu yang mengalami kendala dalam pemberian ASI secara eksklusif khususnya pada ibu bekerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman menyusui yang tidak efektif pada ibu bekerja di Desa Pucangsongo. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Data penelitian ini didapatkan dari hasil  wawancara terhadap  lima ibu bekerja dan satu bidan. Triangulasi data selain dengan wawancara juga dilakukan dengan  menelaah dokumen Pucangsongo Polindes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan melakukan reduksi data, penyajian data dan  penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  kendala yang dihadapi oleh ibu bekerja dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif antara lain ketersdiaan sarana dan prasarana untuk menyusui di tempat kerja, kesibukan selama bekerja , belum adanya kebijakan perusahaan yang memberikan waktu yang cukup bagi ibu untuk memerah ASI. Tenaga kesehatan seperti bidan juga mempengaruhi pemberian ASI secara ekskluif.  Tenaga kesehatan memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam melindungi, memajukan, dan mendukung usaha menyusui dan harus dilihat dari keterlibatannya yang luas dalam aspek sosial.Kata kunci : ibu bekerja, menyusui, pengalaman
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND ANXIETY LEVELS IN PRE GENERAL ANESTHESIA PATIENTS AT HASTA HUSADA HOSPITAL
Authors: Iswari Sekar Prana , Septyasih Rossyana , Wiyono Joko , Prastiwi Swito
Published: March 2023

Operasi merupakan salah satu tindakan pengobatan yang dapat memicu kecemasan karena adanya ancaman secara fisik baik itu dari prosedur operasi maupun anestesi. Respon kecemasan dapat berdampak buruk bagi pasien jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, dukungan psikologis sangat diperlukan dalam menangani kecemasan yang mana salah satunya dapat diperoleh dari keluarga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pre general anestesia di Rumah Sakit Hasta Husada. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross – sectional. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara statistik menggunakan uji kolerasi Spearman Rank. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu sebagian besar responden memperoleh dukungan keluarga yang baik sejumlah 16 responden (53,3%) serta setengah dari responden dengan jumlah 15 responden (50%) mengalami kecemasan sedang. Hasil dari analisis data menunjukkan nilai signifikasi sebesar (0,001) dengan koefisien kolerasi sebesar (0,592). Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil yaitu terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pre general anestesi di Rumah Sakit Hasta Husada. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah keluarga hendaknya dapat meningkatkan dukungan keluarga pada pasien pre general anestesi untuk mengatasi kecemasan
PENINGKATAN KADAR KOLESTEROL PADA LANSIA DI PEDESAAN MENGWI: STUDI DESKRIPTIF CROSS-SECTIONAL
Authors: Bekti Heri Setiyo , Suwarriana I Nyoman Astra , Arjani Ida Ayu Made Sri
Published: March 2023

Peningkatan kadar Kolesterol merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit jantung koroner pada sebagian besar lansia.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kadar kolesterol total pada lansia di Pedesaan Mengwi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif cross sectional, penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari hingga April 2021 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 27 orang yang diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Kadar kolesterol total diukur dengan metode Point Of Care Testing POCT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 27 responden 59,3 Persen memiliki kadar Kolesterol Total normal, 37 Persen kadar Kolesterol Total ambang batas, dan 3,7 Persen kadar Kolesterol Total tinggi. Kolesterol Total tidak normal lebih banyak ditemukan pada rentang usia 71 sampai 75 tahun serta lebih banyak dialami oleh lansia perempuan 22,2 Persen . Berdasarkan konsumsi makanan berlemak, 51,9 Persen  lansia jarang mengonsumsi makanan berlemak dan 37 Persen lansia yang memiliki kadar Kolesterol Total tidak normal dan termasuk dalam kategori sering mengonsumsi makanan berlemak. Berdasarkan hasil dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar lansia memiliki kadar Kolesterol Total normal. Kadar Kolesterol total tidak normal lebih banyak diderita pada rentang usia 71 sampai 74 tahun serta lebih banyak dialami oleh lansia perempuan dan 37 Persen lansia termasuk sering mengonsumsi makanan berlemak. Oleh karena itu, lansia sebaiknya mengurangi konsumsi makanan berlemak dan menggantinya dengan makanan yang lebih sehat.
Muszę się trzymać prawa... Kultura prawna w twórczości Juliusza Słowackiego
Authors: Westermark Katarzyna
Published: March 2023

The study is devoted to the functioning and changes in the subject of law in Juliusz Słowacki’s works. The author reconstructs poet’s law imaginarium and shows how it was incorporated into his literary work. The publication reflects on the issues concerning scientific and professional life of Juliusz Słowacki. The book carefully analyses the connections between legal culture and Sarmatism, the influences of other legal traditions (English , Russian and Spartan) and the court scenes in tragedies.
Periodismos en el laberinto
Authors: LÃ³pez-GarcÃ­a XosÃ©
Published: March 2023

Muchos ciudadanos han anunciado el fin o la muerte del periodismo; muchos ciudadanos han destacado el papel del periodismo en el pasado; muchos ciudadanos han anunciado un gran futuro para el periodismo digital. En estos Ãºltimos aÃ±os, en un contexto de grandes transformaciones en el ecosistema comunicativo, hemos escuchado de todo a la hora de hablar del presente y el futuro del periodismo. La multiplicaciÃ³n de medios nativos digitales, la apariciÃ³n de â€œcountermediaâ€ o falsos medios, la hibridaciÃ³n de modelos, la emergencia de nuevos movimientos periodÃ­sticos, la apariciÃ³n de nuevos actores perifÃ©ricosâ€¦ alimenta un ecosistema comunicativo donde cada vez las fronteras de lo que es periodismo y lo que no es son mÃ¡s difusas. En todo caso, el periodismo serÃ¡ lo que las sociedades actuales y del futuro sean capaces de acordar. Conocemos lo que ha sido y lo que puede ser, el papel que puede desempeÃ±ar para que las sociedades democrÃ¡ticas y plurales funcionen mejor y dispongan de una buena oferta informativa. Pero el futuro no estÃ¡ escrito; hay que construirlo y el periodismo, que es de la sociedad y pertenece a la sociedad -sus propietarios no son solo los que lo ejercen o los que crean industrias alrededor del periodismo-, tiene que ganarlo. Y, mientras lo intenta, los periodismos transitan por el laberinto de las complejas sociedades red actuales.