bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of the cover coefficient for soil surfaces of the runoff of residential areas
Authors: Maslova Natalia V. , Antsiferov Sergey Al. , Gryzunova Lyudmila V.
Published: November 2024

Due to the constant increase in tariffs in the field of public utilities, the problem of the need for accurate calculation of the volume of surface runoff is becoming more acute, which must take into account not only the landscape features of the area, but also the water-absorbing properties of the soil and coatings. The purpose of this work is to determine the coefficient of coverage zi for the most characteristic types of natural and artificial surfaces. The scientific novelty lies in the refinement of the existing methodology set out in the “Recommendations of the State Scientific Research Center of the Russian Federation FSUE Scientific Research Institute VODGEO”, in particular, the establishment of a mathematical dependence of the value of the coefficient of cover zi on the fractional composition of the soil to determine the coefficient of surface runoff Ψ, on which commercial calculations for the drainage of rain and meltwater into the storm sewer system are based.
Improving the technology of drinking water purification at the water treatment facilities of the Chernorechensk reservoir during the flood period
Authors: Teplykh Svetlana Yu. , Kotovskaya Elena Ev. , Gorshkalev Pavel Al.
Published: November 2024

The paper considers the natural and technical aspects that contribute to the supply of substandard quality water to the water treatment facilities of the city of Sevastopol during the flood period, which caused repeated shutdown of water treatment facilities. Options for retrofitting the existing water supply and purification scheme are considered, with the determination of the enlarged cost. The paper presents a technological justification for the application of a two-stage sedimentation scheme, which can be implemented within the framework of existing equipment and a small technological re-equipment.
Analysis of the influence of thermal insulation parameters on the effectiveness of enclosing structures and building heating systems
Authors: Kudinov Anatolii Al. , Ziganshina Svetlana K.
Published: November 2024

The results of thermal engineering calculations of external multilayer enclosing structures of buildings and the thermal power of the heating system of residential buildings are presented, including calculations of temperature fields and partial pressures of water vapor at various parameters of structural layers and thermal insulation layers. Variants are considered and an assessment is given of the variation of parameters and the different location of thermal insulation in external multilayer fences for changes in temperature fields and partial pressures of water vapor in the fence, as well as for changes in the thermal power of the heating system of the building premises for two climatological design areas. The calculations were performed according to the methodology presented below using a specially developed computer program.
Underground structures and cultural layers XIX – beginning of XX century in 101 quarters of Samara
Authors: Vasilieva Daria Ig. , Baranova Margarita N.
Published: November 2024

The article studied cultural layers and underground structures that were discovered during security and rescue archaeological excavations in the 101 quarter of Samara. The types of foundations of buildings of different ages were identified and an attempt was made to determine the stages of use of the territory for construction. Petrographic study of brick images is described. Natural weak soils were investigated in the territory of 101 quarters of Samara.
Geotechnical engineering surveys and soil testing in the construction of buildings and structures
Authors: Kutliyarov Damir N. , Kutliyarov Amir N. , Zagitova Larisa R. , Kononova Alexandra Yu.
Published: November 2024

The article suggests a way to increase the efficiency of geotechnical engineering surveys through the rational use of fast approximate methods of soil testing (“express methods”). Such tests are recommended to be carried out in large volume and considered as a means of assessing the geotechnical structure of the site as a whole. In this paper, these issues are considered by the example of determining the bearing capacity of piles according to static sounding data and static tests of full-scale piles. A mathematical model for assessing the information content of the test complex based on the concepts of information theory is proposed. Calculations based on this model show that the informativeness of a large number of approximate tests may (due to the heterogeneity of the soil) exceed the informativeness of a small number of accurate tests.
Compensatory practices for the renovation of public spaces in the historical environment of cities
Authors: Rozhdestvenskaya Ekaterina S.
Published: November 2024

The experience of revitalization of public spaces in the historical environment of cities in the practice of foreign and domestic design experience is analyzed. The task is to determine the place and role of modern art and modern architecture in the life of the historical city center in an environment filled with cultural heritage objects. The foreign and domestic experience of practical accent solutions used as temporary, compensatory practices for the renovation of public spaces in the historical environment of cities is considered. The potential of a new perception as a tool for renewal and an integrated approach to solving the strategy for revitalizing public spaces of historical city centers is revealed.
Landscape urbanism in the context of the historical environment
Authors: Enyutina Ekaterina D. , Dashkevich Ekaterina V. , Temnikova Elena A.
Published: November 2024

Currently, most people live in cities, which leads to an increase in building density, a reduction in public spaces, and a violation of the ecological balance. Therefore, one of the main tasks facing architects and designers is to maintain ecological balance, which, in turn, contributes to the creation of more comfortable living conditions. This article examines the need for more effective integration of landscape urbanism techniques in the context of the historical urban environment. It is also proposed to take into account the methodology of urban space design based on the study of the environment, natural characteristics and interactions between them, economic, cultural and social aspects.
The national-cultural context of the architectural identity of the cities of the North Caucasus
Authors: Karakova Tatyana V. , Chergizova Khadishat Ah.
Published: November 2024

Attempt to correlate the concepts of “image of the city – identity”, the concept of identity in the national-cultural context is considered. The features of the architectural identity of the cities of the North Caucasus are revealed. The article also discusses the issues of preserving the national heritage. The authors actualize the preservation and positioning of the national-cultural context in the architectural structures of the Chechen people. The author’s analysis of the factors of manifestation of the architectural language of local development together with compositional design methods is carried out.
Modern highly urbanized multifunctional residential complexes in Samara
Authors: Kolesnikov Sergey An.
Published: November 2024

The paper provides an analysis of the development of highly urbanized multifunctional buildings in the context of the development of modern residential architecture. An overview of the residential development of Samara from the end of the twentieth century to the modern stage is proposed. The objects under construction are being considered. The main focus of the work is on the actualization of multifunctionality as the main feature of modern architecture. The expanding signs of highly urbanized modern residential development are being observed. The considered objects are analyzed in terms of their functional content, ability to function independently, and urban planning location. The conclusions of the work fix the trends in the development of modern residential architecture.
Concept of architectural formation of construction production complexes in the cities of Donbass
Authors: Lobov Igor M. , Stupina Angelina E.
Published: November 2024

The scientific research is a continuation of the author’s publications and for the first time provides a complete conceptual set of principles and techniques, systematically covering all levels of the architectural and planning organization of construction production complexes. A concept for the architectural formation of construction industrial complexes in the cities of Donbass is proposed, which includes recommendations for the formation of these complexes. The urban planning approach to the selection of territories of non-operating coal mines is generalized. An analysis of existing buildings and structures of the coal mine and the features of construction production complexes was also carried out.
Methodology for assessing the accessibility of buildings and structures to low-mobility groups of the population
Authors: Bakaeva Natalya V. , Gordon Vladimir A. , Chernyaeva Irina V.
Published: November 2024

The article has developed and presented a universal systematization of regulatory requirements regulating the accessibility of urban infrastructure facilities to low-mobility groups of the population. A methodology for assessing the accessibility of buildings and structures to low-mobility categories of citizens has been developed. Based on the monitoring data of public buildings and social facilities in the city of Orel and the Oryol region, a numerical implementation of the proposed accessibility assessment methodology was performed using the example of structural and functional zones of one of the health facilities – the Maloarkhangelsk clinic. The proposed systematization of regulatory requirements and methodology will allow to identify the most problematic places in ensuring the accessibility of urban infrastructure, to quantify the criteria for the adaptation of urban facilities for people with disabilities. The assessment results can serve as tools for increasing the effectiveness of strategic decisions made to improve the standard of living of the population in an urbanized area as a whole.
Cluster approach in the design of spatial development of the region
Authors: Simonova Marina V. , Elin Vladlen Al.
Published: November 2024

The rationale for the cluster approach in the formation of a policy for spatial development of a territory is presented using the example of the Samara region. The advantages of the cluster approach for designing the spatial development of the Samara region are determined. The role of the construction cluster in the spatial development of the region is substantiated, the main advantages and problems in the development of the construction cluster are named. One of the significant problems identified is the personnel shortage in the construction industry, to solve which it is proposed to use a cluster approach in the spatial development of the Samara region and the formation of a regional policy for the development of human resources in the construction industry, which will help retain and attract labor resources to the region.
Fourth wave technologies in construction and architecture: from idea to realization (part 2)
Authors: Kashiripoor Mohammad Mahdi
Published: November 2024

The Industrial Revolution is the restructuring of society under the influence of innovations in technology and technique, which is accompanied by a jump in productivity. Today, the 4th revolution is taking place, which is rapidly changing the landscape of various areas of life, including architecture and the construction industry. The Industry 4.0 revolution connects technologies used in organizations and people’s daily lives. It combines physical and digital technologies. But it doesn’t develop as a daily simple life in architecture and construction industry like many other industries like as automotive, aircraft, electronic etc.
The relevance of the study is to study and analyze the stage of the historical event on the industrial revolutions (specially fourth industrial revolution) and his realization in today’s construction and architecture industry. A comprehensive review of contemporary and historical literature related to fourth industrial revolution, and his realization level in the industry with specific focus on construction and architecture industry. Thus, the main tasks of the study can be distinguished as follows: review of historical literature and basic understanding of the industrial revolutions; understanding of Industry 4.0 and its principles and benefits; reveal and introduce Industry 4.0 in construction and architecture industry; some samples about using Industry 4.0 in construction and architecture industry. Part two of the research is devoted to the idea and explanation of fourth wave technology in construction and architecture. The research used the method of analysis of scientific and historical literature and documents related to the Industrial Revolution (specially fourth industrial revolution) and his achievement in the construction and architecture industry to achieve and formulate conclusions.
The conclusion of study is about today’s stage of realization of fourth industrial revolution in the construction and architecture industry and his point of view to next industrial revolution which start from 2017. The author believes that the development of the construction and architecture industry now and in the future depends on the attention and use of new industries and professionals in this industry specially IT specialists and technology. The conclusion of the second part of the study articulates fourth wave technologies in all areas of construction and architecture.
The scientific novelty of the study is to study, analysis, identify main factors of Industry 4.0, and collection of some samples of realization of this technology (fourth wave technologies) in construction and architecture industry.
The Use of Deepfake Technology in China: Problems of Legal Regulation and Ways to Solve Them
Authors: Li Yao
Published: November 2024

The core of the deepfake technology is based on a generative-adversarial network built on a combination of two neural networks: a generative network (network G) creates samples, a discriminative network (network D) tries to distinguish correct («genuine») samples from incorrect ones. Networks G and D compete with each other thousands or even millions of times until network G improves its performance. Thus, the network D will no longer be able to distinguish real data from fake data. With the development of big data and machine learning technologies, the scenario for using deepfake technology has gradually changed from creating sound models and imitating text to deep video forgery. For a long time, images modified using traditional Photoshop and other technologies were easily recognized. Deepfake technology changed this situation, making it more difficult to identify fakes. As an important technological innovation in the field of artificial intelligence, deepfake technology is widely used in various areas of society, creating enormous applied value. However, any technology is a double-edged sword. The use of deepfake technology poses a great threat to personal privacy, property security and even national security. In order to find a balance between technological innovation and risk prevention and control, countries around the world are actively exploring various ways to manage. The paper describes the main risks posed by modern deepfake technology, provides an overview of legal regulation in this area in China and offers an effective way to solve problems.
Problems of Unification of Eurasian Legislation on Industrial Property
Authors: Kalyatin V. O. , Amangeldy A. A.
Published: November 2024

The construction of a single economic space within the EAEU requires the development of the legal ground for the interaction between civil turnover participants. The use of modern technologies involves harmonization of intellectual property legislation. The EAEU countries are actively working in this direction, but on its way there are many problems related to the difference in approaches to the regulation of intellectual property and the choice of the best way to develop legislation. In order to illustrate the differences in approaches, the paper draws special attention to the comparison of the legislation of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is important to move from working on the convergence of legislation on individual, albeit important, issues to systemic harmonization of legislation. It is possible to talk about the real protection of the facility only if the norms on the relevant institution are supplemented by the coordination of terminology, procedural norms, administrative and criminal legislation. The example of other countries shows the difficulties faced by the unification of patent law. At the same time, the development of legislation in the field of intellectual property should be guided by real economic processes and it should reflect the economic needs of participants of economic turnover in the Eurasian space.
Legal Regulation of Employment Relations of the Disabled Workers in the BRICS Countries
Authors: Shesteryakova I. V.
Published: November 2024

According to the UN, more than one billion people in the world are people with disabilities, which is approximately 15 per cent of the total population. The number of the population with disabilities is also high in the BRICS countries. People with disabilities in the BRICS countries belong to the group of those who need special state care and the provision of additional guarantees and benefits, including labor relations. The concept of a person with a disability in the legislation of the BRICS countries has changed over time. As the practice of recent years shows, in our countries today one can observe uniformity on some issues of legal regulation of the work of disabled people. All countries in question have ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and implemented it into national law. However, the problems of implementing the norms on the legal regulation of the labor of disabled people remain, and they require further solutions. Obviously, further integration and joint development of the BRICS countries will help in overcoming them.
Contract and Tort Choice of Cause of Action by Persons from the Standpoint of Justice: Pro et Contra
Authors: Bogdanov D. E.
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with the issues of choice of cause of action as to contract and tort in Russian and foreign law, as well as contract and tort competition between persons. The problem of choice between contractual and non-contractual liability has an artificial character for Russian scientific and judicial doctrine. The choice of cause of action relates to the alternative in claims, but not to the alternative as to debtors. It is concluded that modern scientific and judicial doctrine based on a multifunctional interpretation of civil liability can substantiate and justify not only the phenomenon of compensatory aspect of choice of cause of action by persons, but also the possibility of circumventing the limited liability established by law (contra legem) if it meets the goals of fair liability. These include deterrence of harmful behavior and stimulation of potential to ensure the proper performance of their duties to ensure the safety of their activities. Russian law enforcement practice indicates an increasing trend towards the socialization of civil liability, its focus on preventing harm to an indefinite circle of people, social harm (harm to society).
The Constitutional Foundations of the Russian State Policy in the Field of Family Protection and Traditional Family Values
Authors: Rybakova O. S.
Published: November 2024

The paper presents an analysis of constitutional provisions aimed at protecting the family in various periods of Russian statehood, shows the multi-vector nature of state policy in the field of family relations in the Soviet period, characterizes the family and demographic policy of the post-Soviet period, analyzes the constitutional novelties of 2020 aimed at strengthening the family and the spiritual and moral values of Russian society. An analysis of the constitutional category of «traditional family values» is carried out from the perspective of the needs of the individual, family as a social group and the importance of family for society and the state. The institution of family is considered as an intrinsic value and a basic determinant of the formation of the spiritual and moral heritage of Russian society, the preservation of the cultural identity of the Russian nation. The author provides the data from an official survey involving Russians that testifies to the attitude towards the family. The article also outlines the results of a research conducted by domestic scientists stating the unfavorable transformational processes taking place with the institution of family in the past 30 years. These include voluntary childlessness and celibacy; postponing the birth of children to later age periods; reducing the value of a family with several children; preference among young people for actual marital relations (common-law marriage) to a registered marriage. The author considers the protection of the family and family values as a task for ensuring the national security of Russia, the solution of which is aimed at preserving the all-Russian identity, sustainable development of the state, preservation of socially significant spiritual and moral values. The author substantiates the proposal on the need to form in society the idea of the importance of the family as a value in itself, which implies a responsible attitude to marriage, birth and upbringing of children, encouragement and support of a multigenerational and large family, respect for the elderly, disapproval of the rejection of the birth and upbringing of children.
Objects of State Human Rights Practices
Authors: Chechelnitsky I. V.
Published: November 2024

The paper characterizes the object of human rights practices and the object of state human rights practices based on the analysis of scientific views on the categories of the object available in modern philosophical and legal literature. The concept of an object of state human rights practices is proposed and a classification of these objects is developed. The question of the types of objects of state human rights practices is investigated. Separately, such controversial issues in modern legal science and practice as the attitude of the latest complex artificial intelligence systems to the objects of state human rights practices, the hierarchy of objects of state human rights practices, and the recognition of the unborn fetus as an object of state protection of human rights are analyzed. The author makes a conclusion about the possibility of transformation of objects of state human rights practices with the development of human civilization and a fundamental change in approaches to this category at the present stage of development of the Russian state, including in the context of a new system of protection of rights in the context of digitalization. It is proposed to formulate at the legislative level the concept and types of objects of state protection of human rights.
The Release of Convicts from Imprisonment for their Participation in Military Actions
Authors: Maslov V. A.
Published: November 2024

The paper analyzes the problem of discrediting the institution of pardon through the mass release of convicts from criminal liability (from serving a sentence of imprisonment) to participate in military operations and the risks of unfavorable development of the criminal situation created as a result of this practice. There is a need for proper legal regulation of the exemption from criminal liability of persons for their participation in military activities. The point of view is defended that it is more preferable to adjust the provisions of criminal law institutions (postponement of serving a sentence or parole), rather than the constitutional and legal (primarily) institution of pardon. It is indicated that it is possible to reduce the risk of recidivism by fixing some restrictions on the application of the rules on exemption from liability for convicted persons (for example, specifying specific articles, the conviction of which will prevent release, and/or regulating the actual serving of part of the sentence differentially, depending on the category of crime). It is noted that it is necessary to exclude the practice of releasing from punishment persons who have committed the most socially dangerous acts: murders with aggravating circumstances, intentional infliction of serious harm to health, rape or violent acts of a sexual nature (especially against minors), etc. It is recognized impossible to create a legal mechanism that makes it possible, on the one hand, to quickly reinforce the military with persons serving sentences in the form of imprisonment, and on the other hand, to exclude the possibility of their committing crimes both during military operations and after their termination.
The Innovative Nature of Law. Problem Statement
Authors: Kornev A. V.
Published: November 2024

The central issue of the paper is the innovative potential of law. Much attention is given to the emergence of law, its relationship with religion, and other social regulators. The emphasis is on the fact that law (not law) has a divine origin. This is how its nature was understood in the ancient world. It is shown how there gradually appeared awareness of law as a means of constructing the desired social reality. This paradigm is associated with the university medieval legal science, which saw law as a model of a rationally organized society. University professors taught students not «practical» law, but methods of working with it, so that law could be perceived as a model for building rationally based social practices, a just society based on law. Attention is drawn to the fact that it is the Romano-German (continental) legal system that more than others emphasizes the innovative nature of law and the desire to use it as effectively as possible. The necessity of changing concepts is indicated: «law regulates» — «law creates». This is the purpose of innovative jurisprudence, which creates legal mechanisms for development in the broadest sense of the word. It is proved that the leaders in the legal field will be those educational and scientific centers that will create a «legal environment for promising social practices and new markets» in order to ensure the technological superiority of Russia.
Development and verification of material models in modeling of wave strain hardening and additive synthesis (3DMP) processes
Authors: Kirichek Andrey V. , Barinov Sergey V. , Yashin Alexander V. , Fedonina Svetlana O. , Androsov Kirill Y.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The creation of competitive machine parts capable of withstanding standard and increased operational loads is a relevant task in mechanical engineering. Developing additive synthesis technologies together with strengthening technologies make it possible to create products with high load-bearing capacity. However, to improve the efficiency of these technologies, it is necessary to create theoretical models of the considered processes. The paper presents the results of the first stage of creating complex theoretical models of the combined 3DMP process and wave strain hardening (WSH) required for designing the technological processes for manufacturing engine parts and brake systems of automotive equipment.
AIM: Creation and adequacy assessment of the models of materials used in finite element modeling of additive synthesis processes with subsequent hardening.
METHODS: Theoretical models of the material were created in the ANSYS software package, which is capable of performing multidisciplinary calculations. The experimental data required for preparing the models were obtained by testing tensile samples manufactured using standardized methods. The hardness of materials was studied using the KB 30S automatic hardness tester. The adequacy of additive synthesis modeling was assessed based on the distribution of temperature fields. The adequacy of models of the material for the WSH process was assessed based on the sizes of individual plastic indentations and the distribution diagrams of the depth and degree of hardening in the surface layer.
RESULTS: Theoretical models of the following materials were created: steel 45, stainless steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti, bronze alloy CuAl8Fe3, titanium alloy VT 1-0, aluminum alloy V95. The theoretical data obtained from the modeling results have a high level of significance. The studies were conducted for various thermal (in the range from +20ºС to +800ºС) and deformation modes. Graphical results of theoretical and experimental studies make it possible to obtain a qualitative assessment of the studied processes with the required accuracy.
CONCLUSION: As a result of the adequacy assessment of the created models, it was found that the discrepancy between the empirical and theoretical data does not exceed 7.4%. The obtained models of materials are statistically significant and can be correctly applied in further studies.
Plasma transurethral enucleation of prostate adenoma measuring 640 cm3
Authors: Zubkov Ivan V. , Korotaev Pavel  N. , Goloviznin Yurii V. , Ovsyukov Aleksei A. , Zubkova Natalya V. , Kultygin Andrei I. , Biteev Vladimir Kh. , Shevchenko Aleksandra A. , Sevryukov Fedor A.
Published: November 2024

A case report of successful plasma transurethral enucleation of a giant prostate adenoma (640 cm3) is presented. The short term postoperative follow-up showed the absence of functional and organic complications. The comparison was made with the results of surgical treatment of giant prostate adenoma by classical transurethral prostate enucleation methods obtained at “RZD Meditsina” Nizhny Novgorod Urological Clinic in 2015, it revealed a decrease in the intraoperative period by 55 minutes without an increase in intraoperative blood loss and surgical complications. The results obtained demonstrate the prospects for the widespread introduction of plasma methods of transurethral surgery into urological practice.
The role of bariatric surgery in the treatment of urinary incontinence in obese women
Authors: Soluyanov Mikhail Yu. , Chernopyatov Danila I. , Gvozdev Mikhail  Yu.
Published: November 2024

Obesity has become an epidemic in recent decades, affecting millions of people worldwide. Many studies proved a cause between obesity and urinary incontinence in women. Lifestyle modifications, low-calorie diet, and weight loss surgery can improve symptoms of urinary incontinence in obese patients. Studying the effect of bariatric surgery on urinary incontinence symptoms has shown positive results in the short term period. However, there is data on worsening due to regaining weight in the long term period. Contradictory study search findings emphasize the need for further research and development of new clinical recommendations for effective treatment of urinary incontinence in women with obesity.
Lower urinary tract symptoms in men after surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Krupin Aleksey V. , Krupin Valentin N. , Sevryukov Fedor A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The development of medical technologies has resulted into a significant increase in the number of patients undergoing minimally invasive surgeries for benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, 29.9–41% of patients after surgical treatment are not satisfied with the surgical treatment results.
AIM: To assess the rate and nature of lower urinary tract symptoms in men after surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with various surgical techniques.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A telephone survey was carried out among 6117 men aged 59.57 ± 11.11 years (48–83 years), who underwent surgical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia with various surgical techniques and 5960 of these patients were surveyed using the IPSS questionnaire in the period 2012–2022. Moreover, to assess urination, patients kept their voiding diaries for 72 hours, a questionnaire to evaluate the symptoms of overactive bladder; ultrasound of the bladder, prostate and upper urinary tract, uroflowmetry, and, if indicated, a urodynamic study were performed.
RESULTS: The study showed that 2413 (40.5%) patients were “absolutely satisfied” with the surgical treatment results, 829 (13.9%) patients were “partially satisfied” and noted improved urination, although its quality was assessed as unsatisfactory, and 2718 (45.6%) operated men were “absolutely dissatisfied”. Lower urinary tract symptoms persisted in 2655 (47.9%) men which underwent surgery, and in 3.3% of cases (87 patients) their severity increased in the postoperative period.
CONCLUSIONS: The high rate of dissatisfaction with the surgical treatment results of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia is caused by the persistence of irritative symptoms in the postoperative period and does not depend on the surgery performed. The origin of symptoms in most patients is not associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and the surgery indications are overestimated.
Combined laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with transurethral approach to the ureter in renal tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Zuban Oleg N. , Prokopovich Maxim A. , Vishnevskii Dmitrii A. , Chotchaev Radmir M. , Bogorodskaya Elena M. , Korchagin Mikhail P.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis of the genitourinary system is a common cause of organ removal surgeries. Despite the improvement of medical technologies, kidney and urinary tract surgeries for urogenital tuberculosis are traditionally performed using the open method.
AIM: To assess the findings of laparoscopic and open combined nephroureterectomy with transurethral resection of the distal ureter in patients with renal tuberculosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The findings of 61 nephroureterectomies with transurethral resection of the distal ureter performed for destructive renal tuberculosis were analyzed. Open nephroureterectomy was performed in 31 patients, and laparoscopic approach was used in 30 patients. Patients in both groups were comparable by gender and age.
RESULTS: The surgery duration, volume of intraoperative blood loss, rate and severity of postoperative complications were lower in patients who had laparoscopic interventions. When examined 1 month after surgery, patients in both groups showed the improvement of clinical parameters. The following changes were reported: a significant decrease in the nighttime urination rate, a decrease in IPSS scores, and an increase in the functional bladder capacity without significant differences depending on the surgical approach. After the surgery, a significant improvement in the quality of patients’ life was observed. In patients who had laparoscopic surgery, improvements were detected in all the SF-36 questionnaire domains. However, in patients after open surgery with a positive effect on most of assessed parameters no significant improvement of parameters in section “General Physical Health” was found.
CONCLUSIONS: Irrespective of the selected approach, combined nephroureterectomy with transurethral resection of the distal ureter is an effective method of surgical treatment of patients with destructive renal tuberculosis. Moreover, the laparoscopic technique has shown a number of significant advantages over open surgery.
Validation of the Russian version of the pelvic pain and urgency/frequency patient symptom scale (C.L. Parsons, 2000) for patients with chronic recurrent uncomplicated cystitis
Authors: Kupriyanov Yuriy A. , Zaitsev Andrey V. , Bernikov Alexander N. , Khodyreva Lyubov A. , Pushkar Dmitry Yu.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Questionnaires allow to objectify and quantify the disease severity, especially at the patient’s initial visit, its impact on the patients’ quality of life, as well as the dynamics of symptoms during treatment.
AIM: To validate the Russian version of the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale (PUF scale; C.L. Parsons, 2000) for patients with chronic recurrent uncomplicated cystitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Russian version of the PUF Scale was suggested to two respondent groups aged 19 to 53 years: relatively healthy volunteers, 15 women who did not complains of urinary disorders or pain/discomfort in the bladder, and 14 patients with verified diagnosis of chronic recurrent uncomplicated cystitis.
RESULTS: The resulting data demonstrate the validity of the proposed Russian version of the PUF Scale. Statistically significant differences were noted in the answers to most of the questionnaire issues between two respondent groups: conditionally healthy volunteers and patients with chronic recurrent uncomplicated cystitis. A high level of internal consistency of the questionnaire was found. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient in the main group was 0.888, in the control group — 0.819.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings proved that the Russian version of the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale (C.L. Parsons, 2000) is a valid tool for subjective assessment of the severity of chronic recurrent uncomplicated cystitis symptoms.
Quality of life and functional outcomes after ileocystoplasty for microcystis of tuberculous etiology
Authors: Chibirov Konstantin Kh. , Protoshchak Vladimir V. , Babkin Pavel A. , Kushnirenko Nikolai P. , Gorelova Anna A. , Paronnikov Mikhail V.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The outcome of tuberculous bladder lesions is its irreversible shrinkage, persistent disorder of accumulative function and a significant decline in the quality of patient’s life. Supratrigonal augmentation ileocystoplasty and replacement ileocystoplasty are standard treatments for microcystis of tuberculous etiology. Currently, the advantages and disadvantages of these methods have not been sufficiently studied.
AIM: To conduct a comparative assessment of the quality of life and functional outcomes of patients with tuberculosis etiology microcystis after supratrigonal augmentation and replacement ileocystoplasty.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients of the study were divided into two groups. The first group included 19 patients who underwent supratrigonal bladder resection with augmentation ileocystoplasty, the second group included 20 patients treated with replacement ileocystoplasty. In the period from one to six years after the surgery, quality of life was assessed and a complex urodynamic study was carried out.
RESULTS: Analysis of the “General health” measure according to the King’s Health Questionnaire demonstrated the worst quality of life in the patient group after bladder resection (p = 0.013). In this group, the QoL scale indicated the worst measures of “Quality of Life due to Dysuria” (p = 0.019). The measures of the filling enterocystometry were consistent between the patient cohorts and varied in the satisfactory range. All key criteria reflecting the voiding function were significantly worse in group I: larger volume of residual urine (p = 0.001), lower maximum emptying rate (p = 0.034), and higher frequency of intermittent self-catheterization (p = 0.001). Calculation of the obstruction index showed a high prevalence of chronic urinary retention in the specified patient group (p = 0.015). Thus, abdominal pressure had to be increased several-fold for the patients underwent augmentation ileocystoplasty to initiate (p = 0.001) and maintain (p = 0.036) emptying of the intestinal urinary reservoir. The incidence of reservoir-ureteral reflux and incontinence is consistent in both groups (p 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Cystectomy with replacement ileocystoplasty, as an intervention with the best quality of life and functional results, is the optimal choice in patients with microcystis of tuberculous etiology.
Anxiety and depressive disorders in patients with primary painful bladder syndrome. Part 1: Symptoms and clinical progression
Authors: Karavaeva Tatiana A. , Vasileva Anna V. , Kuzmin Igor V. , Slesarevskaya Margarita N. , Radionov Dmitriy S. , Starunskaya Diana A.
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to affective disorders developing in patients with primary painful bladder syndrome. The causes of their development and influence on the quality of patients’ life are considered. An overview of the etiopathogenic links between anxiety and depressive disorders and bladder pain is presented. it should be noted that common comorbidity with depressive and anxiety disorders is a risk factor for the unfavorable course and chronicity of pain conditions that requires to involve a psychotherapist or psychiatrist for examination and treatment of patients with primary painful bladder syndrome, and, if the somatoform nature of primary painful bladder syndrome is found, for prescribing relevant drug and non-drug treatment.
Radical Changes in Infertility Practice: It Is Coming Soon
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
The Influence of Artificial Light Exposure on Indigenous Populations: Exploring Its Impact on Menarcheal Age and Reproductive Function
Authors: Adeniyi Mayowa Jeremiah , Awosika Ayoola , Idaguko Chika Anna , Ekhoye Ehitare
Published: November 2024

The impact of artificial light exposure on human health has garnered significant attention in recent years. In particular, its effects on reproductive health have raised concerns. Given that the onset of menarche serves as a crucial indicator of reproductive maturity, understanding the implications of artificial light exposure becomes paramount. Age of menarche onset occurs relatively earlier in urban females than females raised in rural areas. Besides the decline in age of menarche onset, exposure to artificial light may contribute to impairment in reproductive hormones, particularly gonadotropins, by disrupting rhythms of reproductive hormones, modulating stress hormones and kisspeptin productions, and causing body weight changes. This drastic environmentally induced change may increase the proportion of teenage pregnancies, unfulfilled childhood dreams, depression, and ill-prepared marriages, thus creating a potential need for public health intervention. Due to limited studies and often lack of longitudinal data, a significant knowledge gap exists in unraveling the potential mechanism involved in alteration of these physiologic processes. The purpose of the current review was to elucidate the intricate interplay between environmental factors, cultural practices, and biological processes within indigenous communities. By meticulously examining the multifaceted influences of artificial light, including its prevalence and varying intensity based on geographical locations and light pollution levels, this study aimed to provide scholarly insights in-to the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the observed changes. The findings of this inquiry will also inform evidence-based strategies and interventions aimed at safeguarding the reproductive well-being of indigenous populations amidst the escalating challenges posed by artificial light exposure.
Association of NOX5 Expression with Sperm Activity and Motility in Pathospermic Infertile Men
Authors: Daylan Benay , Korkmaz Oya , Tok Olgu Enis , Cakici Cagri , Yigitbasi Turkan , Karahasanoglu Ayse , Yelke Tuba Varlı , Ustabas Tugba Senel , Ayla Sule
Published: November 2024

Background: The newest NOX isoform, NOX5, has been found in mammalian spermatozoa. Many physiological and pathological situations in spermatozoa are mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). NOX5 is the main source of ROS in spermatozoa. Our purpose was to investigate the changes in NOX5 expression and the effect of NOX5 expression on sperm motility, chromatin integrity, and oxidative status in oligoasthenozoospermic compared to normozoospermic men.
Methods: Semen samples were collected from 30 normozoospermic (NS) and 30 oligoasthenozoospermic (OAS) men. NOX5 protein expression in sperm samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Oxidative stress status was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and oxidative stress index (OSI) parameters. Chromatin integrity in spermatozoa was evaluated by toluidine blue staining.
Results: NOX5 expression levels were significantly higher in OAS group than in NS group (p<0.001). In addition, chromatin integrity was significantly higher in the OAS group in comparison to NS group (p<0.001). TAC levels were higher in the NS group, but OSI and TOC levels were significantly higher in OAS group (p<0.001). It was found that NOX5 protein expression was positively correlated with oxidative stress and chromatin integrity and negatively correlated with motility (p<0.01).
Conclusion: These results suggest that overexpression of NOX5 may be the source of excessive ROS production and oxidative stress injuries in oligoasthenozoospermic men. Considering that NOX5 expression is positively correlated with oxidative stress and chromatin integrity but negatively correlated with motility, it can be considered a biomarker to be used in assisted reproductive procedures.
Assisted Reproductive Technology Outcomes After Ethanol Sclerotherapy in Poor Responder Patients with Endometriomas: A Before-After Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghasemi Farah , Kashani Ladan , Moini Ashraf , Mojtahedi Maryam Farid , Shahhosseini Roza , Alemohammad Farzaneh
Published: November 2024

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes after ethanol sclerotherapy (EST) in poor responder patients with endometriomas.
Methods: In this before-after clinical trial, the outcomes of ART of 31 poor responders with endometriomas were evaluated after EST between July 2023 to March 2024. These patients had undergone ART at least in one cycle before and did not respond well. Recurrence rate, antral follicle count (AFC), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and relief of symptoms including dysmenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) were evaluated before the procedure. Follow-up assessments were conducted two and six weeks after the procedure for evaluating the complications. Fisher’s exact test, chi-square test, and paired sample t-test were used for statistical analysis using SPSS 24.
Results: In this study, the levels of AFC and AMH increased significantly after endometrioma stripping therapy (p<0.05). Additionally, the number of embryos obtained increased significantly, indicating potential improvement in oocyte quality. There was a significant reduction in pelvic pain scores (p=0.001), as well as a notable decrease in dysmenorrhea (p=0.02) and dyspareunia (p=0.001). Moreover, 16.12% of patients reported recovery from intermenstrual bleeding. However, no significant difference was observed in the amount of gonadotropin used (p=0.56).
Conclusion: EST is an appropriate and safe procedure before ART for poor responders who have endometriomas and can be a replacement for surgery among selected patients.
The Health Effects of Gender-Based Violence in Conflict
Authors: Shahali Shadab
Published: November 2024

The Article Abstract is not available