bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Der Ingenieur Konrad Gruter von Werden in Ferrara, Venedig, Lucca und Pietrasanta (ca. 1402–1424)
Authors: Lohrmann Dietrich
Published: May 2018

Riassunto:

Il nome del chierico e ingegnere Konrad Gruter di Werden/Ruhr è emerso solo nel 2006 con la pubblicazione del suo trattato De machinis et rebus mechanicis compilato nel 1424 a Venezia e dedicato al re Erik VII di Danimarca, Norvegia e Svezia. Al contempo è stato possibile ricostruire le tappe della sua attività, lunga più di trent’anni, come sperimentatore e ingegnere consigliere presso una serie di corti principesche italiane. Una fonte d’informazione, però, è rimasta finora in gran parte inesplorata, vale a dire il materiale assai istruttivo, benché molto sparso, conservato nell’Archivio di Stato di Lucca. Alla raccolta di queste notizie ha collaborato Dr. Geoffrey Nuttall, Courtauld Institute London.
Validity and Reliability of a Wearable Inertial Sensor to Measure Velocity and Power in the Back Squat and Bench Press
Authors: Orange Samuel T. , Metcalfe James W. , Liefeith Andreas , Marshall Phil , Madden Leigh A. , Fewster Connor R. , Vince Rebecca V.
Published: May 2018

Orange, ST, Metcalfe, JW, Liefeith, A, Marshall, P, Madden, LA, Fewster, CR, and Vince, RV. Validity and reliability of a wearable inertial sensor to measure velocity and power in the back squat and bench press. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2398–2408, 2019—This study examined the validity and reliability of a wearable inertial sensor to measure velocity and power in the free-weight back squat and bench press. Twenty-nine youth rugby league players (18 ± 1 years) completed 2 test-retest sessions for the back squat followed by 2 test-retest sessions for the bench press. Repetitions were performed at 20, 40, 60, 80, and 90% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) with mean velocity, peak velocity, mean power (MP), and peak power (PP) simultaneously measured using an inertial sensor (PUSH) and a linear position transducer (GymAware PowerTool). The PUSH demonstrated good validity (Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient [r]) and reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) only for measurements of MP (r = 0.91; ICC = 0.83) and PP (r = 0.90; ICC = 0.80) at 20% of 1RM in the back squat. However, it may be more appropriate for athletes to jump off the ground with this load to optimize power output. Further research should therefore evaluate the usability of inertial sensors in the jump squat exercise. In the bench press, good validity and reliability were evident only for the measurement of MP at 40% of 1RM (r = 0.89; ICC = 0.83). The PUSH was unable to provide a valid and reliable estimate of any other criterion variable in either exercise. Practitioners must be cognizant of the measurement error when using inertial sensor technology to quantify velocity and power during resistance training, particularly with loads other than 20% of 1RM in the back squat and 40% of 1RM in the bench press.
Planning Training Workload in Football Using Small-Sided Games' Density
Authors: Sangnier Sebastien , Cotte Thierry , Brachet Olivier , Coquart Jeremy , Tourny Claire
Published: May 2018

Sangnier, S, Cotte, T, Brachet, O, Coquart, J, and Tourny, C. Planning training workload in football using small-sided games density. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2801–2811, 2019—To develop the physical qualities, the small-sided games' (SSGs) density may be essential in soccer. Small-sided games are games in which the pitch size, players' number, and rules are different to those for traditional soccer matches. The purpose was to assess the relation between training workload and SSGs' density. The 33 densities data (41 practice games and 3 full games) were analyzed through global positioning system (GPS) data collected from 25 professional soccer players (80.7 ± 7.0 kg; 1.83 ± 0.05 m; 26.4 ± 4.9 years). From total distance, distance metabolic power, sprint distance, and acceleration distance, the data GPS were divided into 4 categories: endurance, power, speed, and strength. Statistical analysis compared the relation between GPS values and SSGs' densities, and 3 methods were applied to assess models (R-squared, root-mean-square error, and Akaike information criterion). The results suggest that all the GPS data match the player's essential athletic skills. They were all correlated with the game's density. Acceleration distance, deceleration distance, metabolic power, and total distance followed a logarithmic regression model, whereas distance and number of sprints follow a linear regression model. The research reveals options to monitor the training workload. Coaches could anticipate the load resulting from the SSGs and adjust the field size to the players' number. Taking into account the field size during SSGs enables coaches to target the most favorable density for developing expected physical qualities. Calibrating intensity during SSGs would allow coaches to assess each athletic skill in the same conditions of intensity as in the competition.
Desaturation for Liquefaction Mitigation Using Biogas Produced by Pseudomonas stutzeri
Authors: Peng Erxing , Zhang Dingwen , Sun Wenbo , Du Guangyin
Published: May 2018

The shear strength of sand increases with decreasing degree of saturation. This study attempts to develop a more effective biogas desaturation method to mitigate liquefaction of sand. The microbial denitrification process of Pseudomonas stutzeri, which produces nitrogen gas, was selected for inducing partially saturated sand. First, research was undertaken to verify the denitrification performance to demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing P. stutzeri. Compared to existing methods using biogas, the reducing time of nitrate and nitrite was less in the proposed denitrifying cultivation. Then, a control method for desaturation was proposed by gas generation tests. To explore the effect of mitigation liquefaction using this method, fully and partially saturated sand specimens were prepared and shaking table simulation tests were performed under a series of cyclic loadings with different acceleration amplitudes. The influence of the initial degree of saturation on excess pore water pressure, pore water pressure ratio, and surface settlement was investigated. Finally, the exponential relationship between volumetric strain and average pore water pressure ratio was established for fully and partially saturated sand specimens.
Alternative Setup Apparatus to Test ASTM A944-10 Beam-End Specimens
Authors: Trujillo Pasquale Basso , Malo René , Jolin Marc
Published: May 2018

The setup apparatus described in ASTM A944-10, Standard Test Method for Comparing Bond Strength of Steel Reinforcing Bars to Concrete Using Beam-End Specimens, is designed to apply the load horizontally with respect to the laboratory floor. However, many civil engineering laboratories currently use (or have access to) rigid testing frames designed to apply the load vertically. Thus, a setup apparatus adapted to the current frames in use and alternate to the one described in ASTM A944-10 was developed and is thus presented. Following a brief review of the major characteristics of a typical ASTM A944-10 beam-end specimen, the proposed setup apparatus and the procedure to mount and test the specimen are described. Thereafter, the results of three groups of specimens having three replicas each are presented and are followed by a discussion on how to interpret and analyze the information obtained from the test.
Gestational diabetes with diabetes and prediabetes risks: a large observational study
Authors: Shen Yun , Wang Peng , Wang Leishen , Zhang Shuang , Liu Huikun , Li Weiqin , Li Nan , Li Wei , Leng Junhong , Wang Jing , Tian Huiguang , Zhang Cuilin , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Yang Xilin , Yu Zhijie , Hu Gang
Published: May 2018

Aims

To compare risks of early postpartum diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy.

Subjects and methods

Tianjin GDM observational study included 1263 women with a history of GDM and 705 women without GDM who participated in the urban GDM universal screening survey by using World Health Organization’s criteria. Postpartum diabetes and prediabetes were identified after a standard oral glucose tolerance test. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess risks of postpartum diabetes and prediabetes between women with and without GDM.

Results

During a mean follow-up of 3.53 years postpartum, 90 incident cases of diabetes and 599 incident cases of prediabetes were identified. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios among women with prior GDM, compared with those without it, were 76.1 (95% CI: 23.6–246) for diabetes and 25.4 (95% CI: 18.2–35.3) for prediabetes. When the mean follow-up extended to 4.40 years, 121 diabetes and 616 prediabetes cases were identified. Women with prior GDM had a 13.0-fold multivariable-adjusted risk (95% CI: 5.54-30.6) for diabetes and 2.15-fold risk (95% CI: 1.76-2.62) for prediabetes compared with women without GDM. The positive associations between GDM and the risks of postpartum diabetes and prediabetes were significant and persistent when stratified by younger and older than 30 years at delivery and normal weight and overweight participants.

Conclusions

The present study indicated that women with prior GDM had significantly increased risks for postpartum diabetes and prediabetes, with the highest risk at the first 3–4 years after delivery, compared with those without GDM.
Multiple effects of cold exposure on livers of male mice
Authors: Grefhorst Aldo , van den Beukel Johanna C , Dijk Wieneke , Steenbergen Jacobie , Voortman Gardi J , Leeuwenburgh Selmar , Visser Theo J , Kersten Sander , Friesema Edith C H , Themmen Axel P N , Visser Jenny A
Published: May 2018

Cold exposure of mice is a common method to stimulate brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity and induce browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) that has beneficial effects on whole-body lipid metabolism, including reduced plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations. The liver is a key regulatory organ in lipid metabolism as it can take up as well as oxidize fatty acids. The liver can also synthesize, store and secrete TGs in VLDL particles. The effects of cold exposure on murine hepatic lipid metabolism have not been addressed. Here, we report the effects of 24-h exposure to 4°C on parameters of hepatic lipid metabolism of male C57BL/6J mice. Cold exposure increased hepatic TG concentrations by 2-fold (P < 0.05) but reduced hepatic lipogenic gene expression. Hepatic expression of genes encoding proteins involved in cholesterol synthesis and uptake such as the LDL receptor (LDLR) was significantly increased upon cold exposure. Hepatic expression ofCyp7a1encoding the rate-limiting enzyme in the classical bile acid (BA) synthesis pathway was increased by 4.3-fold (P < 0.05). Hepatic BA concentrations and fecal BA excretion were increased by 2.8- and 1.3-fold, respectively (P < 0.05 for both). VLDL-TG secretion was reduced by approximately 50% after 24 h of cold exposure (P < 0.05). In conclusion, cold exposure has various, likely intertwined effects on the liver that should be taken into account when studying the effects of cold exposure on whole-body metabolism.
Involvement of adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction in virus-induced type 1 diabetes
Authors: Needell James C , Brown Madalyn N , Zipris Danny
Published: May 2018

The etiopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains poorly understood. We used the LEW1.WR1 rat model of Kilham rat virus (KRV)-induced T1D to better understand the role of the innate immune system in the mechanism of virus-induced disease. We observed that infection with KRV results in cell influx into visceral adipose tissue soon following infection prior to insulitis and hyperglycemia. In sharp contrast, subcutaneous adipose tissue is free of cellular infiltration, whereas β cell inflammation and diabetes are observed beginning on day 14 post infection. Immunofluorescence studies further demonstrate that KRV triggers CD68+macrophage recruitment and the expression of KRV transcripts and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in visceral adipose tissue. Adipocytes from naive rats cultured in the presence of KRV express virus transcripts and upregulate cytokine and chemokine gene expression. KRV induces apoptosis in visceral adipose tissuein vivo, which is reflected by positive TUNEL staining and the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, KRV leads to an oxidative stress response and downregulates the expression of adipokines and genes associated with mediating insulin signaling. Activation of innate immunity with Poly I:C in the absence of KRV leads to CD68+macrophage recruitment to visceral adipose tissue and a decrease in adipokine expression detected 5 days following Poly (I:C) treatment. Finally, proof-of-principle studies show that brief anti-inflammatory steroid therapy suppresses visceral adipose tissue inflammation and protects from virus-induced disease. Our studies provide evidence raising the hypothesis that visceral adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction may be involved in early mechanisms triggering β cell autoimmunity.
Cellular nucleic acid-binding protein is vital to testis development and spermatogenesis in mice
Authors: Zheng Bo , Yu Jun , Guo Yueshuai , Gao Tingting , Shen Cong , Zhang Xi , Li Hong , Huang Xiaoyan
Published: May 2018

The cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (CNBP), also known as zinc finger protein 9, is a highly conserved zinc finger protein that is strikingly conserved among vertebrates. Data collected from lower vertebrates showed that CNBP is expressed at high levels and distributed in the testes during spermatogenesis. However, the location and function of CNBP in mammalian testes are not well known. Here, by neonatal mouse testis culture and spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) culture methods, we studied the effect of CNBP knockdown on neonatal testicular development. Our results revealed that CNBP was mainly located in the early germ cells and Sertoli cells. Knockdown of CNBP using morpholino in neonatal testis culture caused disruption of seminiferous tubules, mislocation of Sertoli cells and loss of germ cells, which were associated with the aberrant Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. However, knockdown of CNBP in SSC culture did not affect the survival of germ cells. In conclusion, our study suggests that CNBP could maintain testicular development by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, particularly by influencing Sertoli cells.
Genomic Prediction Accounting for Genotype by Environment Interaction Offers an Effective Framework for Breeding Simultaneously for Adaptation to an Abiotic Stress and Performance Under Normal Cropping Conditions in Rice
Authors: Ben Hassen Manel , Bartholomé Jérôme , Valè Giampiero , Cao Tuong-Vi , Ahmadi Nourollah
Published: May 2018

Developing rice varieties adapted to alternate wetting and drying water management is crucial for the sustainability of irrigated rice cropping systems. Here we report the first study exploring the feasibility of breeding rice for adaptation to alternate wetting and drying using genomic prediction methods that account for genotype by environment interactions. Two breeding populations (a reference panel of 284 accessions and a progeny population of 97 advanced lines) were evaluated under alternate wetting and drying and continuous flooding management systems. The predictive ability of genomic prediction for response variables (index of relative performance and the slope of the joint regression) and for multi-environment genomic prediction models were compared. For the three traits considered (days to flowering, panicle weight and nitrogen-balance index), significant genotype by environment interactions were observed in both populations. In cross validation, predictive ability for the index was on average lower (0.31) than that of the slope of the joint regression (0.64) whatever the trait considered. Similar results were found for progeny validation. Both cross-validation and progeny validation experiments showed that the performance of multi-environment models predicting unobserved phenotypes of untested entrees was similar to the performance of single environment models with differences in predictive ability ranging from -6–4% depending on the trait and on the statistical model concerned. The predictive ability of multi-environment models predicting unobserved phenotypes of entrees evaluated under both water management systems outperformed single environment models by an average of 30%. Practical implications for breeding rice for adaptation to alternate wetting and drying system are discussed.
Podcasting as an Innovative Approach to Enhance Career Counseling in Canadian Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Vo Anthony
Published: May 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. In a 2012 Royal College of Canada survey of newly trained physicians, 53% did not receive career counseling while in medical school. The purpose of this initiative was to produce a podcast series designed to inform students of the different specialties. The podcast series featured 8 prominent physicians with long-standing experience in their specialty. The series provides students with an archive of podcasts to help them make informed career decisions. The opportunity to intimately learn about a specialty through the eyes of a physician and the flexibility podcasting offers makes this innovation a valuable and insightful resource for medical students.
Análise de custo-efetividade do parto vaginal espontâneo e da cesariana eletiva para gestantes de risco habitual no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Entringer Aline Piovezan , Pinto Márcia , Dias Marcos Augusto Bastos , Gomes Maria Auxiliadora de Souza Mendes
Published: May 2018

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise de custo-efetividade do parto vaginal espontâneo comparado à cesariana eletiva, sem indicação clínica, para gestantes de risco habitual, sob a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde. Um modelo de decisão analítico foi desenvolvido e incluiu a escolha do tipo de parto e consequências clínicas para mãe e recém-nascido, da internação para o parto até a alta hospitalar. A população de referência foi gestantes de risco habitual, feto único, cefálico, a termo, subdivididas em primíparas e multíparas com uma cicatriz uterina prévia. Os dados de custos foram obtidos de três maternidades públicas, duas situadas no Rio de Janeiro e uma em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram identificados custos diretos com recursos humanos, insumos hospitalares, custos de capital e administrativos. As medidas de efetividade foram identificadas com base na literatura científica. O estudo evidenciou que o parto vaginal é mais eficiente para gestantes primíparas, com menor custo (R$ 1.709,58) que a cesariana (R$ 2.245,86) e melhor efetividade para três dos quatro desfechos avaliados. Para multíparas, com uma cicatriz uterina prévia, a cesariana de repetição foi custo-efetiva para os desfechos morbidade materna evitada, ruptura uterina evitada, internação em UTI neonatal evitada e óbito neonatal evitado, mas o resultado não foi suportado pela análise de sensibilidade probabilística. Para o desfecho óbito materno não houve diferença de efetividade e o trabalho de parto se mostrou com o menor custo. Este estudo pode contribuir para a gestão da atenção perinatal, ampliando medidas que estimulem o parto adequado de acordo com as características da população.
Estereótipos de gênero no cuidado psicossocial das usuárias de cocaína e crack
Authors: Silva Érika Barbosa de Oliveira , Pereira Adriana Lenho de Figueiredo , Penna Lúcia Helena Garcia
Published: May 2018

A presente pesquisa analisou as concepções dos profissionais de saúde sobre as mulheres usuárias de cocaína e crack em processo de cuidado psicossocial baseando-se na perspectiva de gênero. Para tal fim, foram entrevistados 17 profissionais de saúde e procedidas observações sistemáticas nos espaços de cuidado coletivo em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para álcool e drogas da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A análise das entrevistas e diários de campo foi realizada por meio do método hermenêutico-dialético, que revelou três categorias: a fragilidade como atributo constitutivo da condição feminina; a dependência afetiva feminina relacionada com o uso de cocaína e crack; e os estereótipos de gênero no cuidado psicossocial. Os profissionais de saúde expressam a visão tradicional da mulher heterossexual, dócil e maternal, e reproduzem concepções estereotipadas ao considerar as usuárias de cocaína e crack como pessoas sensíveis, frágeis, dependentes afetivamente dos homens e mais envolvidas com o lar e a família. Esses profissionais carecem de uma compreensão mais elaborada sobre as questões de gênero no processo saúde/doença mental, a fim de possibilitar a superação do senso comum e da práxis de cuidado reducionista.
Acesso e qualidade da atenção pré-natal na Estratégia Saúde da Família: infraestrutura, cuidado e gestão
Authors: Guimarães Wilderi Sidney Gonçalves , Parente Rosana Cristina Pereira , Guimarães Thayanne Louzada Ferreira , Garnelo Luiza
Published: May 2018

Investigação do acesso e da qualidade do cuidado pré-natal na Estratégia Saúde da Família no Brasil e na Região Norte, mediante avaliação de aspectos de infraestrutura nas unidades de saúde, da gestão e oferta do cuidado prestado pelas equipes, sob o prisma das desigualdades regionais e estaduais. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, avaliativo de tipo normativo, derivado do componente de avaliação externa do segundo ciclo do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica, realizado entre 2013-2014. Os resultados evidenciam inadequação da infraestrutura da rede de atenção básica que realiza o pré-natal; baixa adequação de ações clínicas para a qualidade do cuidado e baixa capacidade de gestão das equipes para garantir o acesso e qualidade do cuidado. Na distribuição por regiões geopolíticas, os achados relativos à infraestrutura das unidades apontam uma relação direta entre adequação da infraestrutura e contextos sociais com Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal e renda mais elevados. Para as ações clínicas do cuidado, as equipes de todas as regiões obtiveram índices baixos de adequação, tendo sido observado resultados discretamente mais elevados nas regiões Norte e Sul. Houve diferenças expressivas entre os estados da Região Norte, obtendo melhor adequação as unidades federadas com melhores condições de renda e de desenvolvimento humano. Os resultados indicam importantes dificuldades organizacionais tanto no acesso, quanto na qualidade do cuidado ofertado pelas equipes de saúde, além de uma evidente insuficiência das ações de gestão voltadas ao aprimoramento do acesso e da qualidade do cuidado pré-natal.
Construção e desconstrução das identidades masculinas entre trabalhadores metalúrgicos acometidos de LER/DORT
Authors: Saldanha Jorge Henrique Santos , Lima Mônica Angelim Gomes de , Neves Robson da Fonseca , Iriart Jorge Alberto Bernstein
Published: May 2018

Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender como trabalhadores metalúrgicos vivenciam a incapacidade prolongada para o trabalho por lesões por esforços repetitivos/distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (LER/DORT) e o impacto do adoecimento crônico na construção/desconstrução da masculinidade. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo baseado em entrevistas narrativas com homens metalúrgicos de um complexo automotivo no Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Os resultados revelaram como o conflito da experiência de adoecimento, a tentativa de manutenção da identidade masculina, bem como as expectativas de cumprir as regras ditadas pela masculinidade hegemônica são vivenciadas e significadas no cotidiano. A experiência de adoecimento dos metalúrgicos com LER/DORT se expressa na incapacitação para o trabalho, desconstrução da autoimagem, perda da identidade coletiva, desconstrução do self e interdição do futuro. Conclui-se que a masculinidade hegemônica expõe os homens a mais riscos em saúde, cumpre papel mediador do adoecimento no trabalho, altera trajetórias de cuidado e explica a resistência dos homens em procurar ajuda.
Fibrinous pleuropneumonia caused by Pasteurella multocida associated with bovine lymphoma
Authors: Siqueira Franciele Maboni , Bianchi Matheus Viezzer , Mello Lauren Santos de , Lorenzett Marina Paula , Sonne Luciana , Snell Gustavo Geraldo , Pavarini Saulo Petinatti , Driemeier David
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT: In this work, we describe an unusual case of fibrinous pleuropneumonia caused by Pasteurella multocida associated with generalized lymphadenomegaly in a bovine. The animal had a one-month history of generalized superficial lymphadenomegaly that progressed to anorexia and submandibular oedema, resulting in spontaneous death. At necropsy, the parenchyma of the lymph nodes and multiple organs was obliterated by a dense proliferation of round neoplastic cells (lymphoma). Additionally, the neoplasm presented multifocal areas of haemorrhage and necrosis, characteristic of lymphoma. The parietal and visceral pleura and parietal pericardium were enlarged and covered diffusely with large amounts of a yellowish fibrillary material. The lungs were mildly enlarged, non-collapsed, and firm and exhibited interlobular septae that were thickened with a gelatinous material. Histopathological examination showed that the parietal and visceral pleura were enlarged due to a diffuse and severe inflammatory infiltrate composed of degenerate neutrophils associated with severe fibrin deposition, characteristic of fibrinous pleuropneumonia. Pleura and parietal pericardium fragments were cultivated in aerobic and microaerobic microbiological conditions. Round greyish colonies of gram-negative coccobacilli that were shiny and non-haemolytic were observed in sheep blood agar. The biochemical profile was indicative of Pasteurella spp. Molecular identification was performed by partial 16S rRNA amplification following sequencing. Pasteurella multocida was confirmed as the primary bacterium associated with the bovine fibrinous pleuropneumonia. We are able to infer that the lymphoma caused immunodepression, which increased the animal’s susceptibility to atypical infectious microorganisms such as pathogenic P. multocida.
Microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of honeys from the bee Melipona fasciculata produced in two regions of Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Rachel Torquato , Rosa Ivone Garros , Conti-Silva Ana Carolina
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT: The honey from Tiúba bees (Melipona fasciculata) is commercially important in the Brazilian state of Maranhão. However, the absence of any specific legislation for this kind of honey is an obstacle to its increased production and commercialization. Determining the microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of different Tiúba honey can inform the elaboration of specific legislation. Thus, honey samples from two Water Catchment Areas in Maranhão (Munim and Pericumã, sample size 20 for each) were collected and submitted for microbiological analysis (total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, molds and yeasts, Clostridium sulfite reducers and Salmonella sp.) and physical-chemical analysis (moisture content, reducing and non-reducing sugars, insoluble and soluble solids, ash content, acidity and pH). Most of honeys sampled were suitable for human consumption, except for one sample from Pericumã. Honeys from the two water catchment areas presented differences in some physicochemical characteristics, which can be attributed to the botanic, soil and climatic diversity of the two areas. Still, these Tiúba honey samples did not fall within the Brazilian legislation for Apis mellifera honey for some of the physical-chemical characteristics, and so is not properly regulated, thus reinforcing the need for specific legislation for this type of honey.
Improving patient care trajectories: an innovative quasi-experimental research method for health services
Authors: Campos Eneida Rached , Moreira-Filho Djalma de Carvalho , Silva Marcos Tadeu Nolasco da
Published: May 2018

Abstract Scores to predict treatment outcomes have earned a well-deserved place in healthcare practice. However, when used to help achieve excellence in the care of a given disease, scores should also take into account organizational and social aspects. This article aims to create scores to obtain key variables and its application in the management of care of a given disease. We present a method called Epidemiological Planning for Patient Care Trajectory (PELC) and its application in a research of HIV pediatric patients. This case study is presented by means of two studies. The first study deals with the development of the method PELC. The second is HIV Pediatric case-control study based on PELC method. HIV pediatric research - the first practical PELC application - found these four key variables to the individual quality level care trajectories: adherence to ART, attending at least one appointment with the otolaryngologist, attending at least one appointment with social services, and having missed one or more routine appointments. We believe PELC method can be used in researches about any kind of care trajectories, contributing to quality level advancements in health services, with emphasis on patient safety and equity in healthcare.
Qualidade de vida e níveis de atividade física de moradores de residências terapêuticas do sul do Brasil
Authors: Klein Simone Karine , Fofonka Aline , Hirdes Alice , Jacob Maria Helena Vianna Metello
Published: May 2018

Resumo O interesse na qualidade de vida de pessoas com transtornos mentais moradores de residências terapêuticas é um importante indicador para a avaliação da intervenção terapêutica na área da saúde. A atividade física pode contribuir para uma boa qualidade de vida. Avaliamos a qualidade de vida e os níveis de atividade física em moradores das residências terapêuticas da grande Porto Alegre. Estudo de série de casos (n = 68), tendo como instrumentos SF-36, EuroQol, IPAQ e questões sociodemográficas. Os resultados obtidos pelo SF-36 demonstraram que o domínio do estado geral de saúde foi o menor (57,47 ± 14,27). Os maiores scores encontrados foram nos aspectos sociais (77,39 ± 20,21) e nos físicos (77,57 ± 39,71). Ao menos um problema (moderado ou extremo), em no mínimo uma dimensão, foi evidenciado em 82% dos moradores por meio do EuroQol. Os níveis de atividade física mostraram que a maioria dos moradores são insuficientemente ativos (48,5%) e 14,7% sedentários. Os domínios dor e mobilidade sugerem que os moradores não são incentivados suficientemente à atividade física. Conhecer a percepção da qualidade de vida dos moradores das residências terapêuticas é fundamental para estabelecer políticas públicas eficazes.
A study about the young consumers' consumption behaviors of street foods
Authors: Sanlier Nevin , Sezgin Aybuke Ceyhun , Sahin Gulsah , Yassibas Emine
Published: May 2018

Abstract As in almost every country in the world, street foods are frequently used in Turkey. To determine the preferences for these foods, a questionnaire was given to 847 individuals constituted by randomly selected high school and university students. Of the participants, 43.4% were male and 56.6% were female; the majority of them were between 19 and 22 years of age. It was found that 40.1% of the young people ate street food 2-3 times per week, whereas 23.3% were found to eat it every day. Turkish bagels, döner, boiled corn in a cup and toast are most preferred street foods. A statistically significant negative correlations were found between consumption preference scores and education, gender, and age. Although consumers know that street foods can cause contamination with microorganisms, that sellers do not pay attention to hygiene, and that these foods are raw or not cooked well, they prefer because of their cheapness, deliciousness, variety and fast service. Street foods are widely consumed in Turkish young students and because of preventing food poisoning, they should be educated about food hygiene and safety. Also, educating vendors in personal hygiene and good manufacture practice can minimize contamination risk.
Fatores associados à utilização dos serviços de saúde bucal pela população pediátrica: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Curi Davi Silva Carvalho , Figueiredo Andreia Cristina Leal , Jamelli Silvia Regina
Published: May 2018

Resumo O objetivo desta revisão integrativa da literatura foi analisar estudos publicados entre 2006-2016, disponibilizados em português, inglês ou espanhol, sobre fatores associados à utilização dos serviços de saúde bucal pela população pediátrica entre 0 e 15 anos. Foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados Lilacs e Medline, utilizando a estratégia de busca: (“dental care/utilization” OR “dental health services/utilization”) AND (child OR “child, preschool”) AND NOT adult. Para análise da qualidade metodológica, utilizou-se o Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP) adaptado e o Agency for Healthcare and Research and Quality (AHRQ). Destacam-se como preditores do uso: fatores da criança ou adolescente (idade, frequência de escovação, condições crônicas), do cuidador (escolaridade, percepção da saúde bucal do filho, necessidades bucais referidas), do dentista (disponibilidade à noite e nos finais de semana) e o acompanhamento da saúde bucal pela equipe de saúde da família. Estes fatores são inerentes ao planejamento de políticas ou programas em saúde bucal na população pediátrica, entretanto, variam de acordo com o contexto em que se inserem. Portanto, uma análise contextual é necessária.
Associação da posição socioeconômica e da depressão materna com a saúde das crianças: avaliação da PNAD 2008, Brasil
Authors: Leivas Pedro Henrique Soares , Tejada Cesar Augusto Oviedo , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso , Santos Anderson Moreira Aristides dos , Jacinto Paulo de Andrade
Published: May 2018

Resumo O estudo analisou a associação entre posição socioeconômica (renda), depressão materna e saúde da criança no Brasil, utilizando informações da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios 2008 (PNAD/IBGE). A análise considerou o delineamento amostral da pesquisa e incluiu 46.874 indivíduos com idade até 9 anos. Modelos Poisson foram estimados para três desfechos de saúde da criança: saúde reportada pelos pais ou responsáveis, restrição das atividades habituais por motivo de saúde e episódios de acamamento nas duas semanas anteriores à entrevista. Os resultados apontaram associação entre a depressão da mãe e os três desfechos, mesmo após o ajuste para posição socioeconômica, características maternas (saúde autorreferida, idade, escolaridade e tabagismo), idade, sexo e cor da pele da criança, além de região geográfica, situação censitária e número de moradores do domicílio. Constatou-se ainda que a associação entre depressão materna e saúde da criança independe da posição socioeconômica. Assim, políticas de saúde pública que objetivem atenuar os efeitos adversos da depressão materna sobre a saúde da criança, precisam considerar também os estratos mais elevados de renda da sociedade.
The Flora of Paraíba State, Brazil: subfamilies Ajugoideae and Viticoideae (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Monteiro Fernanda Kalina da Silva , Pastore José Floriano Barêa , Melo José Iranildo Miranda de
Published: May 2018

Abstract: The Lamiaceae family includes about 7,000 species allocated in 236 genera, with almost cosmopolitan distribution, currently divided into nine subfamilies. In Brazil 46 genera and 525 species occur, distributed in four subfamilies. Among these subfamilies, Ajugoideae and Viticoideae were originally parts of the Verbenaceae family, being transferred to Lamiaceae as a result of several systematic studies on the two families. Ajugoideae is characterized by having drupes with four mericarps, non-persistent styles and pollen grains with exine formed by granular and branched columns. On the other hand, Viticoideae is characterized to have drupes with 4-locular pyrenes or 2 2-locular pyrenes and exine microreticulate or slightly rough. We present here the results of a taxonomic survey of the subfamilies Ajugoideae and Viticoideae (Lamiaceae) for Paraíba State, Brazil, based on excursions to collect fertile material, analyses of specimens incorporated into herbaria in Paraíba (ACAM, CSTR, EAN and JPB) and Pernambuco State (IPA and PEUFR), and consultations of the SpeciesLink and Herbário Virtual REFLORA databases. Identifications were based on the specialized literature and the examination of type and protolog specimens. Ten species belonging to three genera, five belonging to the subfamily Ajugoideae (Aegiphila integrifolia (Jacq.) Moldenke, A. luschnathii Schauer, A. pernambucensis Moldenke, A. verticillata Vell. and Amasonia campestris (Aubl.) Moldenke) and five to the subfamily Viticoideae (Vitex gardneriana Schauer, V. megapotamica (Spreng.) Moldenke, V. orinocensis Kunth, V. rufescens A. Juss. and V. schaueriana Moldenke) were recorded. The taxonomic treatment includes a key to identify genera and species, descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments, geographic distribution, habitats and phenological data of the species.
Exchanging through difference
Authors: Ribeiro Magda dos Santos
Published: May 2018

Abstract This article presents and discusses different sorts of economic exchange between nut gatherers from the São Francisco do Iratapuru community, in Brazilian Amazonia, and Brazil’s largest cosmetics company, Natura. Based on fieldwork conducted both at Natura and in the Amazonian community, the ethnography reveals that this encounter makes visible different logics of thought and action, which indicate what has value in the relational sphere of nut gatherers and businessmen. The paper argues in favour of the possibility of communication and exchange through specific conversions, despite their different conventions. Exchange takes place precisely in the domain of difference: in other words, where one sees nuts - in the form of debts and commodities - others see cosmetics - in the form of profitable products. The model, made visible by ethnography, is compared to the anthropological literature dealing with the distinction between gifts and commodities, offering an alternative analytical bifurcation.
Benefits of intradialytic physiotherapy in quality of life, pain, edema and respiratory function of patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Sanchez Hugo Machado , Nascimento Denise Mendes Batista do , Castro Kassia de , Sanchez Eliane Gouveia de Morais , Melo Junior Jair Pereira de , Agostinho Patrícia Leão da Silva
Published: May 2018

Abstract Introduction: Patients with chronic kidney disease suffer from a decline in quality of life and respiratory function, for various reasons related to this condition. Objective: To verify the influence of intradialytic physiotherapy on the quality of life and respiratory function in chronic renal patients. Methods: The sample was non-probabilistic and consisted of 51 individuals, of both sexes, aged between 30 and 60 years. The WHOQOL-Bref, an evaluation form, the Manovacuometer and Peak Flow were used to detect the impact of the physiotherapeutic intervention before and after an eight-week treatment protocol. Results: There was a difference in the comparison of the general QOL before and after (p = 0.006) the intervention, as well as in the improvement of the maximal forced expiratory flow peak (p = 0.001), the PEmax (p = 0.000), peak forced expiratory flow rate (0.017) and pain (p = 0.006). There was also improvement of edema (p = 0.013) and cramps (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The benefits of intradialytic physiotherapy in improving QOL and respiratory function in chronic kidney patients are explicit.
Performance of grain sorghum hybrids in soils with low and high aluminum saturation
Authors: Santos Crislene Vieira dos , Silva Nataly Sousa , Magalhães Jurandir Vieira , Schaffert Robert Eugene , Menezes Cícero Beserra de
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT The presence of aluminum (Al3+) in acidic soils is one of the main causes of low crop yield, since it inhibits the root growth, thus affecting the nutrients and water uptake by plants. An approach to grow crops in areas with high Al3+ saturation is the use of tolerant cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate commercial sorghum hybrids in soils with low and high aluminum saturation, in order to select cultivars with high grain yield, even when exposed to abiotic stress. Twenty hybrids were evaluated for characteristics such as plant flowering, plant height and grain yield. All three traits were significantly affected by Al3+, being grain yield the most affected one. Despite the significant genotypes x environments interaction for grain yield, it was possible to select hybrids with yield above the national average in both environments. The hybrids BRS373, 50A50, AS4639, DKB540, AS4625, A9721R, 1167092, DKB550, 1G282 and AG1040 showed a high yield under low and high Al-saturation conditions.
Morphogenetic and structural characteristics of signal grass in response to liming and defoliation severity
Authors: Pereira Lilian Elgalise Techio , Herling Valdo Rodrigues , Avanzi Junior Cesar , Silva Sila Carneiro da
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT The control of soil acidity through liming and the adoption of adequate management are essential to the maintenance of pastures productivity. The morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk, in canopies with (0.7 t ha-1 and 1.0 t ha-1) or without liming and subjected to severe or lenient cuttings (stubble corresponding to 40 % or 60 % of the pre-harvest height, respectively), were evaluated throughout regrowth, during late spring and summer. Treatments were distributed in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, in a completely randomized block design, with 3 replications (80 m2 plots). Increased liming rates do not result in benefits to the herbage mass, tiller population density or a faster canopy recovering. The average tiller weight decreases, while the duration of regrowth linearly increases, with increasing liming rates, particularly in late spring. Stem elongation and leaf senescence rates increase and leaf elongation rates decrease from the 15th day of regrowth, regardless of the liming rates or defoliation severities. Post-harvest heights ranging from 40 % to 60 % of the pre-harvest height showed to be within the tolerance limits to defoliation of U. decumbens. The liming rates adopted had only marginal impacts on the morphogenetic characteristics of U. decumbens.
Alternative control of post-harvest diseases in Tainung 1 papaya
Authors: Dantas Andréa Mirne de Macêdo , Nascimento Selma Rogéria de Carvalho , Cruz Beatriz Letícia Silva da , Silva Fernando Henrique Alves da , Ambrósio Márcia Michelle de Queiroz , Senhor Rosemberg Ferreira
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Controlling post-harvest papaya diseases without using agrochemicals is a challenge for producers. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of clove essential oil, biological fungicide (Trichodermil®), resistance inducer (Cob Sistem®) and chemical fungicide (Imazacure®) on the in vitro control of phytopathogenic fungi isolates from papaya as well as on the post-harvest quality of Tainung 1 papaya. The in vitro experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design, with five fungal species x five treatments and five replications. The in vivo experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design, with five treatments x five storage times, five replications and three fruits per replication. The fruits were stored under refrigeration at 10 ± 2 ºC and 90 ± 5 % of relative humidity and evaluated at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage, plus two shelf life days at 25 ± 2 ºC, to simulate marketing conditions. The inhibition of mycelial growth was evaluated in the in vitro experiment, while the diseases occurrence and post-harvest quality of the fruits were evaluated in the in vivo experiment. The clove essential oil and Trichodermil® were as efficient as Imazacure® in inhibiting the mycelial growth of Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus sp. The treatments with clove essential oil, Trichodermil® and Imazacure® were similar in controlling the pathogens up to 21 days of storage. The treatments had no effect on the fruits soluble solid contents.
Allelopathy of aqueous Pachyrhizus erosus L. extracts on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa
Authors: Barbosa Jaqueline de Araujo , Ferreira Silvio Douglas , Salvalaggio Adriana Cologni , Costa Neumárcio Vilanova da , Echer Márcia de Moraes
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Allelopathy contributes to the sustainable management of weeds in growing areas, due to its ability to inhibit the development of weed species. This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Pachyrhizus erosus extract on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa germination. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor corresponded to the plant portion (shoot and tuberous root), the second to the extract preparation method (water at room temperature and boiling) and the third to the extract concentrations (0 %, 25 %, 50 % and 100 %). Phytochemical analyses were performed to identify the presence of secondary metabolites. The variables germination percentage, germination rate index and dry biomass decreased with increasing aqueous extract concentrations for both E. heterophylla and B. pilosa. When applied a P. erosus crude shoot extract (boiling), decreases of 18 % and 92 % were observed in the E. heterophylla and B. pilosa germination, respectively, with a decrease of 91 % in the dry biomass of E. heterophylla seedlings. The tuberous root extract (boiling), on the other hand, reduced the germination percentages for E. heterophylla and B. pilosa in 18 % and 80 %, respectively. The phytochemical evaluation indicated the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and saponins in the shoot and tuberous root extracts, while tannins were only observed in the shoot extract. Thus, it can be concluded that P. erosus extracts display an allelopathic effect on the weed species evaluated.
Polígalas do Brasil-l. Seção Acanthocladus (Kl. ex Hassk.) Chod. (Polygalaceae)
Authors: Marques Maria do Carmo Mendes
Published: May 2018

O presente trabalho trata do estudo taxonômico da seção Acanthocladus (Kl. ex Hassk.) Chod. Esta seção engloba quatro espécies e duas variedades que são ilustradas com desenhos analíticos de flores e frutos, padrão de nervação e epidermes foliares. Descrevemos pela primeira vez, o fruto de P. pulcherrima e acrescentamos duas variedades à antiga sistemática da seção. Para a identificação das espécies e variedades da seção Acanthocladus, uma chave analítica é apresentada.
Novas Espécies de Kielmeyera Martius (Guttiferae) do sudeste brasileiro
Authors: Saddi Nagib
Published: May 2018

Decorrente da investigação e de um detalhado estudo biotaxonômico do gênero Kielmeyera Martius (Guttiferae), oito novas espécies, K. insignis, K. rizziniana (ambas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), K. decipiens (do Estado de São Paulo), K. albopunctata, K. divergens, K. occhioniana, K. rufotomentosa e K. sigiliata (todas do Espírito Santo), são aqui descritas e ilustradas. Características geográficas e ecológicas como também as afinidades taxonômicas das espécies são também apontadas.
Bumelia obtusifolia var. excelsa (Sapotaceae), quixabeira: Inventário dos espécimens remanescentes na Ilha de Paquetá (Baía da Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro)
Authors: Andrade José Cardoso de , Andrade Aydil Grave de
Published: May 2018

Os autores fazem um inventário das "quixabeiras" (Bumelia obtusifolia var. excelsa) existentes na Ilha de Paquetá (Baia da Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro). Eles sugerem a preservação dos exemplares nativos como "banco de sementes" para a obtenção de plantas destinadas a serem utilizadas nos projetos de recomposição paisagística da ilha e outras localidades.
Células de Transferência em Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers. (compositae).
Authors: Carvalho Sônia Maria de , Costa Cecilia Gonçalves , Kitajima Elliot W.
Published: May 2018

Os autores descrevem as células de transferência relacionadas ao floema terminal das nervuras foliares de Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers. (Compositae), concluindo que as mesmas pertencem ao tipo a, segundo Pate & Gunning (1969).