bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sound change and tonogenesis in Sylheti
Authors: Raychoudhury Priti , Mahanta Shakuntala
Published: June 2022

Our study investigates the nature of tonogenesis in Sylheti, which was triggered by the merger of aspirated and unaspirated consonants in the language. We propose that the tonogenetic factors contributed by the four-way laryngeal contrast condition a three-way tonal contrast in Sylheti depending on the voicing and syllabic position of the sound. We take into consideration both monosyllabic and disyllabic sets of words and claim that Sylheti has three lexical level tones: high, mid, and low. We have built linear mixed-effect models of f0 and duration to examine the acoustic correlates of tone contrast in the language. We conclude that Sylheti has a three-way tonal contrast distinctively affecting pitch.
Assessment of craniometric sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic variation in invasive Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus from urban and peri-urban areas of Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Ringani Gordon , Zengeya Tsungai , Pirk Christian , Chimimba Christian
Published: June 2022

We evaluated craniometric sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic (age) variation in invasive Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus from urban and peri-urban areas of Gauteng Province, South Africa, using univariate and multivariate analyses. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), percent contribution of the sum of squares (%SSQs) of each source of variation, principal components analysis (PCA) and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis showed no sexual dimorphism in both species, however in both species, significant age variation between five age classes based on maxillary molar toothrow cusp eruption and wear was found and the age classes were pooled into juveniles (i.e., individuals of tooth-wear class I), sub-adults (II–III), and adults (IV–V). Few variables showed statistically significant sex-age interaction. The largest %SSQs to the total variance were due to error (i.e., residual), suggesting that apart from sex, age, and their interaction, there were other components that are responsible for the variation. Our approach may be useful for partitioning the effect of sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic variation in other studies, such as our stable isotope analysis-based trophic ecological studies of Rattus species from urban and peri-urban areas of Gauteng Province, South Africa.
Application of antibacterial nanoparticles in orthodontic materials
Authors: Yun Zhang , Qin Du , Wei Fei , Xiaobing Li
Published: June 2022

During the orthodontic process, increased microbial colonization and dental plaque formation on the orthodontic appliances and auxiliaries are major complications, causing oral infectious diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. To reduce plaque accumulation, antimicrobial materials are increasingly being investigated and applied to orthodontic appliances and auxiliaries by various methods. Through the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to exhibit excellent antibacterial properties and have been applied in orthodontic materials to decrease dental plaque accumulation. In this review, we present the current development, antibacterial mechanisms, biocompatibility, and application of antibacterial NPs in orthodontic materials.
Using biomonitoring as a complementary approach in BTEX exposure assessment in the general population and occupational settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hoseini Mohammad , Samaei Mohammad Reza , Shahesmaeili Armita , Martínez Susana Silva , Amiri Hoda
Published: June 2022

Hazardous organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene (known as BTEX) found at work and at home can cause adverse health effects of human beings throughout their lives. Biological monitoring, an exposure assessment method, considers all exposed organic and non-organic compounds. Our goal was to perform a systematic review and a statistical analysis (meta-analysis) of peer-reviewed publications to assess urinary concentrations of BTEX biomarkers in both occupationally-exposed population and the general population. Several major electronic databases, including Scopus, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Google scholar (grey literature), were searched for biomonitoring studies of BTEX. Overall, 33 studies met the eligible criteria for the systematic review and six met the full inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. For meta-analysis, we included studies in which unmetabolized BTEX compounds were measured in urine samples. Due to insufficient data, studies that measured BTEX metabolites in urine samples and unmetabolized BTEX compounds in blood samples were excluded from the meta-analysis but were analyzed in the qualitative synthesis. Most studies showed increased urinary concentrations of BTEX in exposed individuals (mainly workers) compared to unexposed individuals. The results showed that the highest total BTEX concentrations were recorded in painters and policemen. This study showed that the undoubted associations between lifestyle and environmental factors and urinary levels of BTEX or its metabolites have not yet been confirmed in current biomonitoring studies. This is attributed to the few studies reported in this research area, the lack of homogeneous information, and the disagreement in the published results of the studies.
Approximate Bayesian inference for agent-based models in economics: a case study
Authors: Lux Thomas
Published: June 2022

Estimation of agent-based models in economics and finance confronts researchers with a number of challenges. Typically, the complex structures of such models do not allow to derive closed-form likelihood functions so that either numerical approximations to the likelihood or moment-based estimators have to be used for parameter inference. However, all these approaches suffer from extremely high computational demands as they typically work with simulations (of the agent-based model) embedded in (Monte Carlo) simulations conducted for the purpose of parameter identification. One approach that is very generally applicable and that has the potential of alleviating the computational burden is Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC). While popular in other areas of agent-based modelling, it seems not to have been used so far in economics and finance. This paper provides an introduction to this methodology and demonstrates its potential with the example of a well-studied model of speculative dynamics. As it turns out, ABC appears to make more efficient use of moment-based information than frequentist SMM (Simulated Method of Moments), and it can be used for sample sizes of an order far beyond the reach of numerical likelihood methods.
The generation of mass in a non-linear field theory
Authors: Warmann Thomas
Published: June 2022

The mass spectrum of elementary particles is calculated in a new approach, based on B. Heim’s quantum field theory, which manifests in a non-linear eigenvalue equation and merges into the Einstein field equation in the macroscopic limit. The poly-metric of the theory allows spacetime and matter to be described in a unified formalism, representing a radical geometrisation of physics. The calculated mass energies are in very good agreement with the empirical data (error

<
1
%

${< }1\%$

on average) if the mass scale is gauged to the electron as lowest mass and the second main parameter, determining the strength of obtained mass hierarchy levels, is close to the half inverse of the fine structure constant, describing the difference in strength between the electromagnetic and the strong interaction. The obtained hierarchy levels are not identical to the particle generations of the Standard Model; however, show a self-similarity typical for non-linear theories. For higher values of the main quantum number N, the calculated mass formula becomes identical to the phenomenological formulae of Nambu, respectively, Mac Gregor.
Microwave assisted green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Rumex dentatus leaf extract: photocatalytic and antibacterial potential evaluation
Authors: Nazir Arif , Raza Mohsan , Abbas Mazhar , Abbas Shaista , Ali Abid , Ali Zahid , Younas Umer , Al-Mijalli Samiah H. , Iqbal Munawar
Published: June 2022

In the present study, biological method was opted to synthesize ZnO NPs from Rumex dentatus plant. 0.1 M solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate is mixed with the aqueous solution of R. dentatus plant leaves extract. The proportion of each solution was 1:1. Extract of plant leaves act as reducing agent. Firstly, the color changed from dark green to brown was observed and precipitates of light brown color appeared. Characterization of produced ZnO NPs was done using UV–Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-rays (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The prepared ZnO NPS shows maximum absorption at 373 nm, in UV–Visible range. The shape of synthesized ZnO NPs is displayed by SEM. XRD analysis explains the average size of NPs is 6.19 nm. EDX tells about the percentage composition of synthesized ZnO NPs. Antibacterial analysis declared the NPs as good antibacterial agents. Photocatalytic activity of ZnO NPs was done using methyl orange dye. It was concluded that ZnO NPs can degrade toxic pollutants especially dyes.
İş yeri nezaketsizliği, tükenmişlik ve örgütsel sinizm arasındaki ilişki: Akademisyenlere yönelik bir araştırma
Authors: ÇİNİ Mehmet Akif
Published: June 2022

Rekabetin hızla arttığı ve başarı odaklı çalışmanın öneminin sürekli hatırlatıldığı günümüz örgüt yapılarında yönetici ve çalışanlar üzerindeki stres ve baskının artması olası bir durumdur. Günümüzde yaşanan teknolojik gelişmeler her ne kadar çalışma koşullarını geçmişe göre iyileştirse de, oluşan bu baskı karşısında çaresiz kalmaktadır. Oluşan bu baskı nedeniyle çoğu zaman örgütlerde iş yeri nezaketsizliği, tükenmişlik ve örgütsel sinizm gibi istenmeyen durumlar meydana gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı akademisyenler açısından hangi değişkenlerin iş yeri nezaketsizliği ve tükenmişlik oluşturduğunun belirlenmesi ve bu değişkenlerin örgütsel sinizmle ilişkili olup olmadığının tespit edilmesidir. Çalışmanın örneklemi yükseköğretim kurumlarında görev yapan akademisyenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Analiz yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma yöntemleri tercih edilmiş, veriler mülakatlar aracılığıyla elde edilmiş ve analizler için MAXQDA 20 programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda iş yeri nezaketsizliği açısından; duygusal istismar, çalışma şartlarının kontrolü ve manipülasyonu, mesleki devalüasyon, tükenmişlik açısından; duygusal tükenmişlik ve kişisel başarının azalma eğilimi örgütsel sinizmle en fazla etkileşime giren değişkenler olmuştur.
Pandemi dönemi çevrimiçi satın alma davranışında finansal yetenekler ve teknolojik uygulamalar için öneriler: Türkiye’den kanıtlar
Authors: AHMETOĞULLARI Kayhan
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, pandemi döneminde çevrimiçi satın alma davranışına etki eden unsurları saptamayı amaçlamaktadır. Yani pandemi döneminde ortaya çıkan pandemik kaygının finansal yeteneklerin ve teknoloji kullanımının çevrimiçi satın almadaki rolü Türkiye özelinde irdelenmektedir. Çalışmada Türkiye’de yer alan çevrimiçi satın almayı en az bir kere kullanmış bireyler örneklem olarak belirlenmiştir. Nicel desenli çalışmada SPSS paket programı ile açımlayıcı faktör, korelasyon, çoklu regresyon ve farklılık testleri kesitsel veriler toplanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre, finansal yetenekler mobil bankacılık kullanımı, ödeme ve risk toleransına yönelik tutum, finansal tavsiye, finansal hizmet riskine yönelik tutum ve finansal tutum boyutlarında toplanmıştır. Pandemik kaygı tek boyutta toplanmıştır. Teknoloji kullanımı ise, akıllı telefon kullanımı ve sosyal medya kullanımı faktörlerine ayrılmıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, dijital bankacılık kullanımı, finansal tutum, akıllı telefon kullanımı, sosyal medya kullanımı ve pandemik kaygının çevrimiçi satın alma üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönde bir etkisi olduğu saptanmıştır. Ödeme ve risk toleransına yönelik tutumun ise çevrimiçi satın alma üzerinde anlamlı düzeyde ve negatif yönde bir etkisi bulunmuştur. Ayrıca önceki bankacılık deneyiminin ve eğitim düzeyinin çevrimiçi satın almada önemli bir rol oynadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Muhasebe mesleği açısından muhasebe eğitiminde bilgisayarlı muhasebenin önemi: Serbest muhasebeci mali müşavirlere yönelik bir araştırma
Authors: EKİNLER Fatih
Published: June 2022

Teknolojinin gelişimi, günümüzde mesleklerin çoğunun dijitalleşmesini, dijital dünyaya entegre olmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu konuda muhasebe mesleği alanında bilgisayarlı muhasebe en çok odaklanılan inceleme alanlarından birisi olmuştur. Buna rağmen literatürde Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirleri (SMMM) ele alan bilgisayarlı muhasebe çalışmalarının sınırlı sayıda olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, muhasebe eğitiminde bilgisayarlı muhasebe dersinin SMMM’ler açısından önemini ve rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda bilgisayarlı muhasebe dersinin rolü, yeterliliği, program kullanıcılarının öğrenme düzeyi, bilgisayarlı muhasebenin kullanıcılara katkıları ve bilgisayarlı muhasebe öğrenmede karşılaşılan zorluklar ele alınmaktadır.  Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Mardin-Şırnak Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odasına kayıtlı üyeler oluşturmaktadır.  Araştırmada katılımcıları tanımlamaya yönelik 5’i açık uçlu olan toplam 11 soru sorulmuştur. Katılımcılar tarafından sorulara verilen cevaplar birbirini tekrar edinceye kadar görüşmelere devam edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda 19 SMMM ile görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcıların sorulara verdikleri cevaplar, muhasebe eğitiminde bilgisayarlı muhasebenin SMMM’ler için çok önemli olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Cappadocia hotels’ website quality evaluation: A multi-criteria Intuitionistic Fuzzy EDAS (IF-EDAS) method application
Authors: ÇINAROĞLU Eda , ZARALI Fulya
Published: June 2022

The internet is becoming increasingly common worldwide, and the number of users is rapidly increasing. This condition offers up new business opportunities for online businesses. For online companies, high customer satisfaction corresponds with a competitive advantage. For this reason, it is vital to understand consumer expectations for services provided through corporate websites and assess the website quality from the customer's perspective. The primary goal of this research is to evaluate and rate the websites of Cappadocia hotels in Turkey. A solution proposal comprising the Intuitionistic Fuzzy EDAS (IF EDAS) approach is developed to assess the website quality of these hotels. A sensitivity analysis is also provided to demonstrate how the proposed IF EDAS method yields robust decisions. It has been concluded that the most important criteria in evaluating the quality of a hotel website are security, privacy and hotel facilities information. According to the findings, the top three hotels in terms of website quality are Kapadokya Hill Hotel & Spa, Exedra Hotel Cappadocia and Anatolian House. This study will likely be helpful to both researchers interested in hotel website quality evaluations and holidaymakers contemplating a trip to Cappadocia.
Research on the predictability of crisis management activities in organizational loyalty
Authors: PEKKAN Nazmiye Ülkü , ÇALIŞKAN Abdullah
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak affected many areas, as well as education systems worldwide. In our country, the transition of all universities to the distance education system due to COVID-19 has created the opportunity to analyse the administrators/academician loyalty in this system in many ways. This study investigated the effects of three sub-dimensions of crisis management, pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis activities, on each other and employees' perceptions of organizational loyalty. For this purpose, the data was obtained through questionnaires from 810 participants consisting of administrators and academicians working in public and foundation universities. As a result of the research, it was determined that the three sub-dimensions of crisis management have significant effects on each other and organizational loyalty.
Instagram fenomenlerinin sahip olduğu özelliklerin markaya yönelik tutum ve satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: ALİ Abdullah Abbas Ali , TEMİZKAN Volkan
Published: June 2022

Günümüzde, tüketicilerin sosyal medyada geçirdiği sürenin artması, sosyal medya fenomenlerinin takipçileri üzerindeki etkisini arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bir mesaj kaynağı olarak görülen Instagram fenomenlerinin, çekicilik, güvenilirlik ve uzmanlık özelliklerinin, tanıtmış oldukları markaya karşı tutum ve satın alma niyeti oluşturmaya yönelik etkisi test edilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini, Instagram üzerinden ürün tanıtan en az bir fenomeni takip eden Karabük Üniversitesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Bu evrenden kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle elde edilen 343 veri yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, fenomenin tanıtmış olduğu markaya yönelik tutum üzerinde, fenomenin uzmanlık ve güvenilirlik özelliklerinin, pozitif yönde anlamlı etkisi bulunmuştur. Markaya yönelik satın alma niyeti üzerinde ise fenomenin çekicilik özelliğinin ve markaya karşı oluşan tutumun anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, reklam verenler, markaya karşı tutum oluşturmak için tercih edecekleri fenomenleri, alanında uzman ve güvenilir olarak algılanan kişilerden seçmeye dikkat etmelidir. Satın alma niyeti oluşturmak için ise çekici olarak algılanan fenomenler ile çalışmayı tercih edebilirler.
Update on the management of the polytraumatized patient: the role of fast and extended fast ultrasound in acute management diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm
Authors: Argandoña Delia María Sánchez , Carrasco Oscar Vera , Aliendre Junior Gabriel Valdez
Published: June 2022

FAST US (ultrasound) is specifically a ruler scan. The detection of abnormal intra-abdominal free fluid is a finding that can help the diagnosis. The absence of free fluid on US FAST does not mean that there is no free fluid; it simply means that free fluid has not been detected by US FAST. In this circumstance, clinical evaluation or other alternative investigative modalities should be considered. This review describes how to perform a US FAST or extended FAST exam, with examples of common pathologies. Benefits are highlighted, along with limitations and shortcomings.1
Bibliographic review of cannabis, cannabinoids and their health effects
Authors: Valentin David Vilchis
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Currently the use of marijuana is very popular recreationally or therapeutically, among the different ways of consuming marijuana the most popular is by inhalation, followed by the oral route that can include the consumption of the plant, extracts and active ingredients such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBC). Methodology and results: A systematized searching is performed in the PubMed database with the keywords cannabis, cannabinoids, and health, from 2016 to 2021, limited to humans, adolescents and adults, obtaining as a result 505 articles, of which 463 are eliminated, leaving a total of 42 articles to analyze. Conclusion: In patients with diseases such as multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia and chronic pain, who do not respond adequately to conventional therapies, it is valid to consider the use of THC or CBD to improve their symptomatology, on the other hand healthy people who use marijuana for recreational purposes are not exempt from the harmful effects that this substance can have on the body in the short, medium and long term, such as neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, not to mention the impact it has on the body, are not exempt from the harmful effects in the short, medium and long term that this substance can have on the organism, such as neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, without leaving aside the impact on mental health, since the consumption of marijuana favors the development of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide in adolescents.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: A case report with unusual findings on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain
Authors: De Reuck Jacques
Published: June 2022

We present the case of a young woman with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and unusual findings on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Although no cerebral arteriovenous malformaties are observed on the magnetic resonance angiography, two small isolated hemorrhages are observed in the brainstem, an asymptomatic one in a colliculus superior at the level of the mesencephalon and a symptomatic one in the anterior part of the pons. The lesions are most probably the results of embolic strokes.
Neuroadaptation to multifocal intraocular lenses: A new approach to solving the problem
Authors: Rudkovskaya OD
Published: June 2022

The current trend towards the implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses is associated with the desire of patients to be independent of glasses and improve the quality of life. However, the brain in conditions of multifocal correction of aphakia works with several foci, which is unphysiological, energy-consuming and requires long-term neuroadaptation. With the depletion of brain resources in adulthood due to problematic neuroadaptation to multifocal intraocular lenses, the neuropsychic or somatic health of patients may deteriorate. The eye-brain system is evolutionarily adapted to aberrations within 1.5 diopters. It is proposed to form direct simple myopic astigmatism up to 1.5 diopters during monofocal correction of aphakia (by laser correction of corneal refraction or implantation of a spherical cylindrical intraocular lens). The specified refraction, expanding the focal area of the pseudophakic eye, provides the greatest (in comparison with other types of refraction) amount of pseudo-accommodation and, accordingly, independence from glasses. The proposed approach is physiological for the brain and does not cause problems with neuroadaptation.
Stroke in Maputo central hospital, Mozambique: a cross-sectional study 2014–18
Authors: Baduro Yanina , Ndala, Omer , Helena Buque Deise Vaz , Sebastião Frederico , Baco Jamal , Arroz Nachan , Casas Carlos , Lorenzo Elder , Mahoche Manuel , AH Arroz Jorge
Published: June 2022

Objective: Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension (the major risk factor for stroke) in Mozambique increased from 33.1% in 2005 to 38.9% in 2014/2015, although awareness and control remained at very low levels (15% and 3%, respectively). The aim of this study is to characterize the demographic and clinical pattern of stroke in Maputo Central Hospital (MCH), Mozambique. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out in MCH, collecting secondary data from hospitalized patients with stroke. Using systematic probabilistic sampling, clinical records were used to analyze data for the period 2014-18. Results: Of the 402 clinical records, 53.5% were female. The mean age was 60.68 years (13.98 SD). Around 96% was an acute stroke event, and 91% was first-ever episode. Thirty one percent did not receive a CT scan for confirmation. Of the 247 CT scanned patients, 50.2% were ischemic. The area of middle cerebral artery was affected in 83.4% patients. The most common co-morbidity was hypertension (87.1%). Near 96% of hemorrhagic stroke were associated with hypertension (Ischemic = 78.7%, p < 0.001). The overall case-fatality was 22.9%. Confirmed hemorrhagic stroke patients were 6.47 years younger than ischemic (56.40 vs 62.87 years; p < 0.001). Younger ages and female were associated with clinical improvement (aOR = 0.964; p = 0.002 and aOR = 1.890; p = 0.044, respectively). Hemorrhagic stroke were 56.8 percent points more likely associated with death (aOR = 0.432; p = 0.010). The likelihood of clinical improvement was 20.5 percent points better over the years (aOR = 1.205; p = 0.086) Conclusions: Stroke associated with hypertension is common in MCH, mostly likely due to an increase in hypertension prevalence and extremely low awareness and control. Favorable clinical outcome improved over the years. Efforts for CT scan to all stroke episodes should be emphasized by MCH managers.
Biomodeling and numerical analysis of upper limb under the effect of bending loads in forearm
Authors: Urriolagoitia-Sosa Guillermo
Published: June 2022

The study of biological systems today by the application of numerical simulations allows to obtaining analysis of structural mechanical behavior in components of the entire human body. In this research work it is presented the mechanical behavior of radio and ulna bones from the biomodeling of their tissues and how they react under the effect of bending loads. The biomodel developed consists in two kind of material (bones tissues trabecular and cortical) and contact consideration between bones are taking into consideration. This kind of biological system is very difficult to simulated, because the kind of assembly that it has. Nevertheless, results tend to reproduce the manner the system performs.
Trochlear nerve palsy in a boxer after a bout
Authors: K Sethi Nitin
Published: June 2022

Superior oblique palsy as a result of injury to the cranial nerve (CN) IV (trochlear nerve) is the most frequent isolated CN palsy due to its long intracranial course. Isolated CN IV palsy has not been reported in combat sports. We report here a case of isolated CN IV palsy occurring after a boxing bout. Isolated CN IV palsy may present very subtly in a combat sports athlete and ringside physicians should be aware of its clinical presentation.
Use of a mobile CT scanner at professional boxing and MMA events: making combat sports safer
Authors: K Sethi Nitin
Published: June 2022

Professional boxing and mixed martial arts (MMA) are popular contact sports with high risk for both acute and chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although rare, combatants have died in the ring/cage or soon after the completion of the bout. The cause of death in these cases is usually acute subdural hematoma, acute epidural hematoma, subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracranial haemorrhage, or second-impact syndrome (SIS). Neuroimaging or brain imaging (either CT scan or MRI brain) is currently included in the process of registering for a license to fight in a combat sport in most commissions in the United States and around the world. Neuroimaging in the immediate aftermath of a bout primarily serves to rule out acute traumatic brain injury. At present if concern for acute TBI in a combatant is raised either during or after the conclusion of a bout, based on the neurological evaluation by the ringside physician, the fighter is immediately transported via on-site ambulance to the nearest Level I trauma center for urgent CT scan head and neurosurgical intervention if deemed necessary. Some TBIs may not manifest immediately or manifest in a subtle fashion so as to escape detection by the ringside physicians in the immediate aftermath of a bout. In this commentary the use of a mobile CT scanner at professional boxing and MMA events is proposed with the intention of making these sports safer.
Predicting and Analyzing Student Absenteeism Using Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Mukli Lindita , Rista Amarildo
Published: June 2022

Introduction. In a developed society, the state should invest in the education of the younger generation. In less developed countries, Albania included, there are no nation-wide studies to show the factors that affect the lack of students in classrooms. The purpose of this study is to predict, analyze, and evaluate the possible causes of student absenteeism using machine learning algorithms. The attributes taken into account in this study are related to the family, demographic, social, university, and personal aspects according to academic criteria.
Materials and Methods. Student absenteeism covers any student that has not attended class, irrespective of the reason. The data set consists of 26 attributes and 210,000 records corresponding to the teaching hours of 500 students during an academic year at Faculty of Information Technology. The students participating in the survey range from 18 to 25 years of age of both genders. The compilation of the student questionnaire was based on reviewing the literature and analyzing 26 attributes that we categorized into 5 groups included in the questionnaire.
Results. This paper provides knowledge in the analysis and evaluation of factors that lead students to miss lectures using machine learning. It is important to note that this study was conducted on students of this faculty, and as such, the results may not be generalized to all universities. That’s why, researchers are encouraged to test the results achieved in this paper on other clusters.
Discussion and Conclusion. The paper provides recommendations based on the findings by offering different problem-solving strategies. The questionnaire used only for 500 Faculty of Information Technology students can be widely applied in any educational institution in the region. However, the results of this study cannot be generalized for the student and youth population of other regions or other countries. This paper provides an original and easily usable questionnaire suitable to various study programs and universities.
Video Conferencing Solutions for Students – Future Teachers’ Professional Socialization
Authors: Nagovitsyn Roman S. , Valeeva Roza A. , Latypova Liliya A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Despite the numerous publications on the implementation of distance technologies, there are practically no studies on the systematic analysis of various forms of video conferencing that support educational technologies and serve as a practical guide for teachers in teacher training. The purpose of the study is to analyze the experience of implementing video conferencing in various forms of interaction, to identify and experimentally test the effectiveness of their implementation in the process of professional socialization of student teachers.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the method of reflexive-system analysis of the implementation of video conferencing in the professional training of student teachers. Based on the questionnaire and the method of expert assessments, testing of the level of social and psychological adaptability, professional and behavioral skills, social and emotional comfort of students was implemented. The experiment involved 209 students of the Glazov State Pedagogical Institute and Kazan Federal University.
Results. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the implementation of the group form of video conferencing significantly increases the involvement of almost all students in active communication activities in the classroom. Communication activity in the implementation of social and educational interaction between small and large groups made it possible to most effectively form professional socialization among students. Statistical analysis showed that it was classes in a remote format using video conferencing in subgroups of 4‒5 students that had the greatest positive effect.
Discussion and Conclusion. The conclusions made by the authors contribute to the development of new forms of effective communication through social and educational interaction in the implementation of video conferencing. The materials of the article can be useful in the implementation of teacher education to increase the level of studentsʼ involvement in professional training in the context of distance education.
Analysis of Learning Activities Dynamics among First-Graders with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Zakrepina Alla V. , Butusova Tatyana Yu. , Kinash Elena. A. , Kamelkova Alyona I.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to the issue of learning activity of first-graders with intellectual disabilities, the relevance of which is dictated by the search for factors of effectiveness of the educational process. In the theory and practice of remedial education of learners of the studied category much attention is paid to their learning skills in the learning process, but for the first time the most significant in the dynamics of the ratio of opportunities and achievements in mastering the content of the adapted educational program is considered. The purpose of the study is to analyze the learning opportunities and the results of the performance of academic tasks in the subject areas of adapted programs by first graders with intellectual disabilities.
Materials and Methods. The sample included 95 first-graders with intellectual disabilities. The following methods were used to process research results: standardized observation to explore learning opportunities and learning outcomes; pedagogical testing to study the results of the implementation of educational tasks in accordance with the subject areas of the adapted training programs (Russian, mathematics, etc.); Wilcoxon T-test, Spearman correlation analysis, principal component factor analysis followed by varimax-normalized matrix rotation, Statistica version 10.
Results. We identified statistically significant variance in the structure of correlations between learning opportunities and the results of completing educational tasks in the subject areas of adapted programs at the current and intermediate cut in subjects studying for options 1 and 2 of ABEP. We have noted the variability of the factor structure of learning opportunities and the results of the implementation of educational tasks in the subject areas of ABEP at the current and intermediate cut in both groups. We found obvious advantages of practice-oriented skills in assignments in subjects such as visual activity, music, manual labor, etc. and the ways of their implementation (by joint actions, by showing and imitating) over verbal assignments (in subjects – Russian language, mathematics, reading, etc.) and methods of their implementation (orally, according to verbal instructions), which allows us to consider the importance of the practice-oriented skills in teaching first-graders with intellectual disabilities.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results of empirical research make a significant contribution to special pedagogy, to its methodological resource, as they expand not only the understanding of the possibilities and results of learning of modern learners with intellectual disabilities, but specify the determinants of the dynamics of their learning activities.
High-Quality Publications in Russia: A Literature Review on How to Influence University Researchers
Authors: Lambovska Maya R. , Raitskaya Lilia K.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Under the growing role of university science in Russia, special attention is paid to improving the quality of scientific publications of Russian university researchers in leading international and Russian journals. To understand the direction of scientific discourse on this issue, the authors explored scientific publications that address the tools to influence Russian university researchers to publish in journals indexed by Scopus or Web of Science. Materials and Methods. Articles found up to 2022 in the Scopus or Web of Science databases were included in this review. A systematic approach based on PRISMA recommendations and the qualitative content analysis method were applied. The review sample covered 14 articles. Results. The review results showed that the research topic is in its infancy, but there is interest in it. Three stakeholders were identified on this topic: the researcher, government bodies, and university management. The most mentioned tools of influence were: for the “researcher” stakeholder – the propensity for scientific work and participation in scientific projects, for the “government bodies” stakeholder – grants and government policy pressure, for the “university management” stakeholder – implementation of the rating system/scientometrics, initiation of incentive payments, support for collaboration, and competition stimulation. According to the review results, the main shortcomings of the system of influencing Russian researchers were bureaucratic management, scarce funding, pressure to publish, “academic capitalism”, and restrictions on academic freedoms. Most authors of the review sample commented that a number of tools to influence Russian researchers need to be improved or even replaced. Discussion and Conclusion. This review contributes to improving research management in Russia, highlighting the features of stakeholders to influence Russian researchers for high-quality publications, the main shortcomings of the system of influence and recommendations to address these shortcomings.
Analysis of High School Learners’ Retellings as a Means of Diagnosing the Quality of Reading and Comprehension of Academic Text
Authors: Shustova Svetlana V. , Kazachkova Mariia B. , Galimova Khalida N. , Shirinyan Marine V.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. This article deals with the problem of studentsʼ understanding of educational texts and ways of diagnosing the level of perception and understanding of secondary texts. The relevance of the study lies in the importance of ways of interpreting and diagnosing the level of perception of educational texts to eliminate the objective reasons for the lack of understanding of educational texts and for further linguistic and psycholinguistic research on this problem. The aim of the article is to describe the results of the experiment aimed at investigating the denotative structure of instructional primary and secondary texts using comparative propositional analysis.
Materials and Methods. The experiment involved 200 fifth-grade students of secondary schools in the Republic of Tatarstan. The material used was the social studies text for the 5th grade, edited by L.N. Bogolyubov and L.F. Ivanova, and the secondary texts – retellings performed by students. To study the problem we conducted a preliminary test of the respondents, in order to diagnose the levels of students’ perception and understanding of the original text the group of experts carried out a propositional analysis of the retelling.
Results. In the course of the research it was revealed that the propositional analysis of texts-retellings and the subsequent comparison of denotative structures of the original and secondary texts are productive and informative procedures for identifying an objective picture of the perception and understanding of texts by schoolchildren. Propositional analysis of the texts showed that most of the experiment participants were able to identify the main idea of the read text and separate the main data from the secondary one. There is a discrepancy in the number of retained propositions in the retellings; the volume of the text varies significantly: semantic additions, simplifications, collapses, and offsets are detected. There is a partial restructuring of the propositions of the original text. The fact of discrepancy in the number of retained propositions is explained by the level of understanding of the primary text, interpretation of the text content and it may be due to the peculiarities of adolescent thinking. Background knowledge of the recipients, their emotional attitude, practical skills of independent work with the text, the ability to extract basic information from the text also affect the success of the retellings.
Discussion and Conclusion. Materials of the article can be useful for elimination of objective reasons for misunderstanding of educational texts and for further pedagogical and psycholinguistic research.
Protest Potential of Regional Students in Russia: Social Prerequisites
Authors: Shapovalova Inna S. , Valieva Irina N.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The protest potential of youth is a complex, integrative concept that allows one to assess the existing prerequisites for the emergence of protest tension, protest readiness and protest activity of the subject. The scientific problem facing the industry community is establishing continuity between these indicators and predicting possible incidents in the youth environment, as well as significant behavioral reactions to social risks of the environment.
Materials and Methods. The article proposes the results and analysis of materials from a 2021 study conducted among student youth in the Russian region (Belgorod Oblast) using a combined survey method (online survey and tablet interviews), using a spontaneous sample, in which quantitative limits were laid for the participation of respondents from different educational institutions, directions of training and courses. On the basis of the developed online form, 1557 respondents, aged 18 to 24, who study at regional universities, were interviewed.
Results. On the basis of the proposed typology of protest potential, the regional protest potential of student youth is defined as a “progressive” type – a ripening protest mood, which has a particularly well-grounded discontent and readiness for its manifestation. The regional prerequisites for the formation of protest tension based on the reflection of the social situation, assessment of social security, diagnostics of violation of constitutional rights and freedoms, as well as discrimination of young people in the areas of receiving social services have been determined. Revealed the protest readiness not only to permitted, but also to prohibited forms of protest, determined the indices of the likelihood of the implementation of protest practices by student youth in the region. The protest activity of student youth was assessed as insignificant in the field of illegitimate forms of protest.
Discussion and Conclusion. The data obtained make it possible to clarify a number of provisions related to the political activity of young people, to supplement the scientific basis on this issue of sectoral sociologies (youth sociology, political sociology), to actualize the scientific problem of finding and developing methodological tools for measuring the prerequisites of protest potential, creating mathematical models for predicting youth protest activity. Research materials have been and can be in demand by governing bodies of state youth policy of different levels, state and municipal governing bodies, governing bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, youth organizations, and educational institutions.
Specificity of Russian Teenager’s Civic Identity (Case of Campers at the Artek International Children’s Centre)
Authors: Belovol Elena V. , Melkov Sergey V. , Sakharova Tatiana N.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Russian psychology is gaining deeper awareness of the problem of defining the content of civic identity and diagnosing its components, the understanding of which is a precondition for its formation in the context of the key objectives of Russian education. The relevance of the research is determined by the public and scientific significance of the problem of civic identity formation, as the level of its formation is the basis for further development and prosperity of Russia. The objective of the article is to present the results of empirical study of the peculiarities of civic identity of modern Russian adolescents.
Materials and Methods.The empirical part of the study involved 640 respondents, adolescents aged 15–17. In order to diagnose the degree of formation of adolescentsʼ civic identity and to study its structure, the authorʼs questionnaire “Personal civic identity profileˮ was used. To analyse the level of formation and structure of adolescentsʼ civic identity, a set of methods for mathematical data processing was used.
Results. The study showed a satisfactory level of civic identity formation among modern adolescents. At the same time, a certain asynchrony in the formation of the various components of civic identity was observed. The study of the degree of formation of civic identity of an individual determined its high level in the studied sample. The analysis of individual components of the internal position of the individual as a basis for the formation of civic identity indicates that teenagers have the most developed value attitude towards themselves. Adolescents are not yet aware of the value of others while recognising the value of the surrounding reality. The gender of the respondents has no significant impact on the level of formation of civic identity or on the components of person’s inner position.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study contribute to the development of ideas about the psychological components of civic identity and their formation in modern Russian adolescents. The material in this article can be used in applied developments in the formation of civic identity, in organizing educational work in schools, and in training and retraining teaching staff who are capable of effectively carrying out educational work aimed at forming a pupil's civic identity.
Research and Comparative Testing of a Grain Flattener with a Feeding Device
Authors: Sysuev Vasily A. , Savinykh Petr A. , Kazakov Vladimir A. , Sychugov Yuri V.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The article presents the results of experimental and theoretical research of technological process of the PZ-1M grain flattener with a feeding device. The research was carried out at the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East Named after N. V. Rudnitsky in 2011‒2019. The purpose of the research is to design a feeder scheme for the grain flattener, determine rational parameters of its working body (feed roller) and test the improved grain flattener. Materials and Methods. A constructive and technological scheme of the grain flattener with a feeding device is proposed, the novelty of which is confirmed by patents Nos. 2628297 and 2557780. The structural scheme of grain flattener with a feeding device comprising an active working body – a feeding roller with blades is developed. There was carried out theoretical research of the grain motion along the feeder roller blades to determine the patterns of grain motion depending on the values of the roller parameters. Results. It is established that with the size of the feed roller inner radius 0.045 m and more all the grain passes down from the roller blade into the feed channel and through it for flattening at the required exit angle of 60°, roller speed of not less than 400 min–1 and the value of the coefficient of the grain friction on the roller blade less than 0.4. When these parameters are observed, the feeding roller and the device are effective. Taking into account the results of researches, we have developed the design documentation and produced the PZ-1M grain flattener comprising a feeder. Departmental and comparative tests of the flattener were conducted, which showed high efficiency of its application: machine reliably and qualitatively performs the technological process of flattening grains. Discussion and Conclusion. The use of a power device in the design of the flattener increases the conditioning capacity by 2.08 times while reducing the energy intensity of the process by 1.6 times; the annual economic effect of using the PZ-1M grain flattener with feeding device compared to its analogue is 67,583 rub. at the level of intensification of 49%.