bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of virulent and resistant Escherichia coli strains to non-polar and polar compounds identified in Microplumeria anomala
Authors: Camargo Livia Roberta Piedade , de Carvalho Vania Maria , Díaz Ingrit Elida Collantes , Paciencia Mateus Luís Barradas , Frana Sergio Alexandre , Younes Riad Naim , Varella Antonio Drauzio , Reis Luiz Fernando Lima , Suffredini Ivana Barbosa
Published: July 2020

Background and Aim: Escherichia coli is one of the main pathogens responsible for veterinary and human infections, and it is associated with significant economic losses in the livestock, as it causes severe diseases to humans, particularly in children. For that reason, there is a need for introducing new drugs to treat E. coli diseases. The Brazilian species richness is a source of potential new antibacterial natural products. The study aimed at the biological and chemical investigation of the organic extract obtained from the stem of Microplumeria anomala (Apocynaceae), EB127, as it was identified as a potential source of new antibacterial compounds to be used in Veterinary. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion and microdilution assays; chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and mass spectrometry were used in the isolation and identification of compounds. Results: EB127 showed activity against E. coli ATCC25922, and against three E. coli strains that were isolated from frigarte's cloaca, named 31/1A, 35A, and 51A. Lupeol, 3-acetyl-11-oxo-β-amyrin, 3-acetyl-11-oxo-α-amyrin, sitosterol, stigmasterol, 3β,7α-dihydroxy-cholest-5-ene, 3β-hydroxy-cholest-5-en-7-one, and 3β-hydroxy-cholest-5,22-dien-7-one were identified in fraction Hex/CHCl3, while loganin, loganic acid, methylanomaline, and anomaline were all identified in EB127 and protocatechuic acid hexoside, ferulic acid, secoxyloganin, feruloylquinic acid, vanillic acid hexoside, protocatechuic acid-4-O-β-hexoside, and rosmarinic acid were tentatively identified in fraction 10%ACN/H2O. E. coli 51A (virulent/non-resistant) showed sensitivity to the antibacterial action of fraction Hex/CHCl3 which contains alkaloids, triterpenes, and steroids, while E. coli 35A (resistant/non-virulent) were more susceptible to 10%ACN/H2O, which contains iridoids as loganin and loganic acid, and glycosylated and non-glycosylated caffeic acids. Conclusion: Fraction 10%ACN/H2O is of interest in pursuing new drugs to treat resistant E. coli, in veterinary. All compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time and have shown potential as new antibacterial natural products from Amazon plants to be used in veterinary and human diseases.
Események detektálása, osztályozása és szemantikus szerepeik címkézése
Authors: Subecz Zoltán
Published: July 2020

A természetesnyelv-feldolgozás az emberi nyelv feldolgozása számítógép segítségével, ami egy széles terület, sok mindent átfog a beszédfeldolgozástól kezdve a szemantikáig. Az információkinyerés a természetesnyelv-feldolgozás egy fontos területe. Strukturálatlan, vagy félig strukturált dokumentumokból gyűjt ki információkat, amiket strukturált formában tárol el. Az eseménykinyerés az információkinyerés egy fontos részfeladata, célja strukturált információ kinyerése olyan eseményekkel kapcsolatban, amelyek strukturálatlan dokumentumokban találhatóak. Az események detektálásának a feladata az esemény-előfordulások azonosítása a szövegekben. A gyakori többértelműség miatt nem elég a szóalak vizsgálata, a szövegkörnyezetet is elemezni kell. A szövegekben a legtöbb esemény igékhez kapcsolódik, és az igék általában eseményeket jelölnek. Az igéken kívül lehetnek események más szófajú szavak is pl. főnevek, igenevek stb. Az események detektálása mellett egy másik fontos feladat a megtalált események szerepeinek meghatározása, a szemantikus szerepek címkézése. Ez a természetesnyelv-feldolgozás azon feladata, ami detektálja egy mondat predikátumának szemantikus argumentumait és osztályozza ezeket speciális szerepek szerint. Ez a disszertáció a természetes nyelven kifejezett események számítógépes feldolgozásával foglalkozik. Ezen belül az események detektálásával, osztályozásával, valamint az események szereplőinek azonosításával.
Impact of Clinical Pharmacists in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bhat Shubha , Farraye Francis A. , Moss Alan C.
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION:

To characterize the clinical pharmacists' impact on caring for patients with inflammatory bowel disease during COVID-19.

METHODS:

A clinical pharmacist's encounters between March 17 and April 14, 2020, were audited to determine encounter frequency and indication.

RESULTS:

The clinical pharmacist addressed COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease treatment concerns with 140 patients, conducted 34 medication education and monitoring visits, reviewed 141 patients' charts and helped rescheduled 18 patients who missed their biologic infusion, transitioned 12 patients to home infusions, and assisted 5 patients with medication access.

DISCUSSION:

Clinical pharmacists embedded in gastroenterology practices permit for continued optimal patient care during a pandemic.
Oncogenic Features in Histologically Normal Mucosa: Novel Insights Into Field Effect From a Mega-Analysis of Colorectal Transcriptomes
Authors: Dampier Christopher H. , Devall Matthew , Jennelle Lucas T. , Díez-Obrero Virginia , Plummer Sarah J. , Moreno Victor , Casey Graham
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy that can be cured when detected early, but recurrence among survivors is a persistent risk. A field effect of cancer in the colon has been reported and could have implications for surveillance, but studies to date have been limited. A joint analysis of pooled transcriptomic data from all available bulk RNA-sequencing data sets of healthy, histologically normal tumor-adjacent, and tumor tissues was performed to provide an unbiased assessment of field effect.

METHODS:

A novel bulk RNA-sequencing data set from biopsies of nondiseased colon from screening colonoscopy along with published data sets from the Genomic Data Commons and Sequence Read Archive were considered for inclusion. Analyses were limited to samples with a quantified read depth of at least 10 million reads. Transcript abundance was estimated with Salmon, and downstream analysis was performed in R.

RESULTS:

A total of 1,139 samples were analyzed in 3 cohorts. The primary cohort consisted of 834 independent samples from 8 independent data sets, including 462 healthy, 61 tumor-adjacent, and 311 tumor samples. Tumor-adjacent gene expression was found to represent an intermediate state between healthy and tumor expression. Among differentially expressed genes in tumor-adjacent samples, 1,143 were expressed in patterns similar to tumor samples, and these genes were enriched for cancer-associated pathways.

DISCUSSION:

Novel insights into the field effect in colorectal cancer were generated in this mega-analysis of the colorectal transcriptome. Oncogenic features that might help explain metachronous lesions in cancer survivors and could be used for surveillance and risk stratification were identified.
Pembiayaan Pendidikan Alternatif di Madrasah Tsanawiyah PPTQ Assalam Bandung Perspektif Analisis School Levy
Authors: Quratul Aini Nenden , Adawiyah M Wia , Hidayat Ara
Published: July 2020

This research aims to describe education financing in Madrasah Tsanawiyah Pondok Pesantren Tahfiz Qur'an Assalaam Bandung using the School Levy analysis. School Levy is a concept of education financing in which the community (property tax) is set as the main source of the additional fund. This is a qualitative study. Data were collected by observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation then analyzed through data categorization and data interpretation. The results are 1) Alternative sources of education financing in MTs-PPTQ Assalaam were acquired through the funds from middle-high income communities in the form of zakat, infak, sedekah and Wakaf (ZISWAF); 2).The acquisition of the education financing sourced from ZISWAF is obtained in several ways. The first, Madrasa obligates  students from the middle-high  income family to pay certain amount of donation at the beginning of school year. The second, madrasa offers the parents to channel ZISWAF for educational financing tailored at the initial contract. Third, madrasa applies auction system for the Development Fund addressed for classrooms or other facilities improvement. 3) The Further utilization of this fund is used for madrasa’s development as well as facilities improvement, such as Wakaf land, Free Scholarship for 30% of orphans and duafa students, and as madrasa saving.
Neue Formate transdisziplinärer Forschung: Ausdifferenzierte Brücken zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis
Authors: Grunwald Armin , Schäfer Martina , Bergmann Matthias
Published: July 2020

Das Feld der transdisziplinären Forschung wird zusehends unübersichtlicher. Neben Reallaboren werden vielfältige neue Formate wie Fortschrittskollegs (akademische Qualifizierung), Innovationsgruppen (Bereitstellung von Innovationen) und Citizen Science (neue Verhältnisse
von Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft) erprobt. Der Beitrag schafft Überblick und Orientierung und reflektiert ,,Neuheit“ und Erwartungen an spezifische Wirkungen der Formate.Transdisciplinary research has gained new momentum in recent years. Several new research formats have been
developed and tested, primarily motivated by new funding opportunities, and based on new initiatives from research communities. These new formats comprise real-world lab research, new approaches to academic qualification, new approaches to innovation co-development, and the exploration of
new relationships between science and society. In this paper, we considered real-world labs, advanced graduate schools, innovation groups and recent developments in the field of citizen science. We analyzed and compared these formats with respect to their novelty in an effort to develop and
explore overarching hypotheses for transdisciplinary research, for example, with respect to potentials and paths of impact. This was all done with the aim of creating oversight to promote further conceptual development in the increasingly fragmented field of transdisciplinary research.
Sector coupling technologies in gas, electricity, and heat networks
Authors: Oberle Stella , Stute Judith , Fritz Markus , Klobasa Marian , Wietschel Martin
Published: July 2020

Current investment in distribution networks for electricity, gas, and heat is high, and the distribution networks play a prominent role in the necessary transformation of the energy system. This paper provides insights into the relationship between residential end-user decisions on heat supply and their effect on infrastructure planning. Therefore, the gas, electricity, and heat networks are analyzed together. After a review of the characteristics of the networks, the most common sector coupling technologies are compared economically and environmentally. The results show that, under the assumptions made, heat pumps are the cheapest option for residential end-users in the long run. This raises the question of whether a parallel development of three different infrastructures for the heat supply of buildings is the best path to a successful energy transition.
The Effects of a Preconditioning Rolling Session on Subsequent Eccentric Exercise–Induced Muscle Damage
Authors: West Jonathan T. , Miller William M. , Jeon Sunggun , Ye Xin
Published: July 2020

West, JT, Miller, WM, Jeon, S, and Ye, X. The effects of a preconditioning rolling session on subsequent eccentric exercise–induced muscle damage. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2112–2119, 2020—The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a preexercise unilateral quadriceps muscle rolling intervention on subsequent ipsilateral (IPSI) or contralateral (CTRA) knee extension eccentric exercise–induced muscle damage. Twenty-seven healthy volunteers (14 men) underwent an eccentric exercise protocol (6 sets of 10 repetitions with 75% of the maximal isometric strength) with a single-leg knee extension machine. Before the eccentric exercise, the subjects were randomly assigned to either (a) IPSI group: rolling the ipsilateral knee extensor muscles, (b) CTRA: rolling the contralateral muscles, or (c) Control: sitting for 6 minutes (same duration as the rolling intervention protocol) relaxed. The muscle soreness, passive knee extension range of motion, and knee extension isometric strength were measured before, immediately, 24 hours, and 48 hours after exercise. The magnitudes of the range of motion decrement were attenuated in both the IPSI (p = 0.031) and CTRA (p = 0.014) groups 24 hours after the eccentric exercise, when compared with the control. Isometric strength (p = 0.783) and muscle soreness (p = 0.586) responses were not significantly different among the 3 groups (time points and sexes merged). Additionally, women displayed an overall faster recovery than men in isometric strength (p = 0.001) and muscle soreness (p = 0.024), evidenced by the measurements at 48 hours after exercise. Our study suggests that unilateral quadriceps rolling intervention before high-intensity muscle-damaging exercise has a beneficial effect on maintaining range of motion in both the ipsilateral and contralateral muscles.
Is Healthy Neuroticism Associated with Health Behaviors? A Coordinated Integrative Data Analysis
Authors: Graham Eileen K. , Weston Sara J. , Turiano Nicholas A. , Aschwanden Damaris , Booth Tom , Harrison Fleur , James Bryan D. , Lewis Nathan A. , Makkar Steven R. , Mueller Swantje , Wisniewski Kristi M. , Yoneda Tomiko , Zhaoyang Ruixue , Spiro Avron , Willis Sherry , Schaie K. Warner , Sliwinski Martin , Lipton Richard A. , Katz Mindy J. , Deary Ian J. , Zelinski Elizabeth M. , Bennett David A. , Sachdev Perminder S. , Brodaty Henry , Trollor Julian N. , Ames David , Wright Margaret J. , Gerstorf Denis , Allemand Mathias , Drewelies Johanna , Wagner Gert G. , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Piccinin Andrea M. , Hofer Scott M. , Mroczek Daniel K.
Published: July 2020

Current literature suggests that neuroticism is positively associated with maladaptive life choices, likelihood of disease, and mortality. However, recent research has identified circumstances under which neuroticism is associated with positive outcomes. The current project examined whether “healthy neuroticism”, defined as the interaction of neuroticism and conscientiousness, was associated with the following health behaviors: smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Using a pre-registered multi-study coordinated integrative data analysis (IDA) approach, we investigated whether “healthy neuroticism” predicted the odds of engaging in each of the aforementioned activities. Each study estimated identical models, using the same covariates and data transformations, enabling optimal comparability of results. These results were then meta-analyzed in order to estimate an average (N-weighted) effect and to ascertain the extent of heterogeneity in the effects. Overall, these results suggest that neuroticism alone was not related to health behaviors, while individuals higher in conscientiousness were less likely to be smokers or drinkers, and more likely to engage in physical activity. In terms of the healthy neuroticism interaction of neuroticism and conscientiousness, significant interactions for smoking and physical activity suggest that the association between neuroticism and health behaviors was smaller among those high in conscientiousness. These findings lend credence to the idea that healthy neuroticism may be linked to certain health behaviors and that these effects are generalizable across several heterogeneous samples.
New national recommendations for the treatment of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma in the Netherlands
Authors: Lebbink C A , Dekker B L , Bocca G , Braat A J A T , Derikx J P M , Dierselhuis M P , de Keizer B , Kruijff S , Kwast A B G , van Nederveen F H , Nieveen van Dijkum E J M , Nievelstein R A J , Peeters R P , Terwisscha van Scheltinga C E J , Tissing W J E , van der Tuin K , Vriens M R , Zsiros J , van Trotsenburg A S P , Links T P , van Santen H M
Published: July 2020

Background:

Currently, there are no European recommendations for the management of pediatric thyroid cancer. Other current international guidelines are not completely concordant. In addition, medical regulations differ between, for instance, the US and Europe. We aimed to develop new, easily accessible national recommendations for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients <18 years of age in the Netherlands as a first step toward a harmonized European Recommendation.

Methods:

A multidisciplinary working group was formed including pediatric and adult endocrinologists, a pediatric radiologist, a pathologist, endocrine surgeons, pediatric surgeons, pediatric oncologists, nuclear medicine physicians, a clinical geneticist and a patient representative. A systematic literature search was conducted for all existing guidelines and review articles for pediatric DTC from 2000 until February 2019. The Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation (AGREE) instrument was used for assessing quality of the articles. All were compared to determine dis- and concordances. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) pediatric guideline 2015 was used as framework to develop specific Dutch recommendations. Discussion points based upon expert opinion and current treatment management of DTC in children in the Netherlands were identified and elaborated.

Results:

Based on the most recent evidence combined with expert opinion, a 2020 Dutch recommendation for pediatric DTC was written and published as an online interactive decision tree (www.oncoguide.nl).

Conclusion:

Pediatric DTC requires a multidisciplinary approach. The 2020 Dutch Pediatric DTC Recommendation can be used as a starting point for the development of a collaborative European recommendation for treatment of pediatric DTC.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Races ofFusarium oxysporumCausing Cotton Wilt
Authors: Halpern Hannah C , Qi Peng , Kemerait Robert C , Brewer Marin T
Published: July 2020

To better understand the evolution of virulence we are interested in identifying the genetic basis of this trait in pathogenic fungi and in developing tools for the rapid characterization of variation in virulence among populations associated with epidemics. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV) is a haploid fungus that causes devastating outbreaks of Fusarium wilt of cotton wherever it is grown. In the United States, six nominal races and eleven genotypes of FOV have been characterized based on the translation elongation factor (EF-1α) gene and intergenic spacer region (IGS), but it is unclear how race or genotype based on these regions relates to population structure or virulence. We used genotyping-by-sequencing to identify SNPs and determine genetic diversity and population structure among 86 diverse FOV isolates. Six individuals of Fusarium oxysporum closely related to FOV were genotyped and included in some analyses. Between 193 and 354 SNPs were identified and included in the analyses depending on the pipeline and filtering criteria used. Phylogenetic trees, minimum spanning networks (MSNs), principal components analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) demonstrated that races and genotypes of FOV are generally not structured by EF-1α genotype, nor are they monophyletic groups with the exception of race 4 isolates, which are distinct. Furthermore, DAPC identified between 11 and 14 genetically distinct clusters of FOV, whereas only eight EF-1α genotypes were represented among isolates; suggesting that FOV, especially isolates within the widely distributed and common race 1 genotype, is more genetically diverse than currently recognized.
Razón evaluadora y escenarios del juicio educativo
Authors: Giuliano Facundo
Published: July 2020

El presente ensayo intenta explorar las diferentes formas que toma la razón evaluadora y sus presupuestos en los escenarios del juicio educativo, considerando algunas de las distintas tradiciones literarias, filosóficas y pedagógicas de las que se nutre y que contribuyen a su expansión actual. La travesía propuesta, que busca alimentar una crítica de la razón evaluadora, recorrerá algunas obras en las que se abordan elementos constitutivos de la racionalidad en cuestión. De esta manera, al tiempo que se detectan algunas problemáticas en la progresión (y contradicción) argumental pro-evaluativa de algunas obras del campo filosófico-educativo, se ofrecen contraposiciones que permitan trazar un horizonte otro para interrumpir la sinonimia que la modernidad/colonialidad instaló entre educación y evaluación. Dicho cometido no podrá realizarse sin considerar ciertas posiciones ético-políticas que alimenten los movimientos de resistencia aquí explorados. Por último, los pensamientos que se vuelcan en este escrito intentan contribuir a desnudar las lógicas crueles más solapadas que suelen imperar en enunciados cuyos efectos performativos infligen violencias en nombre de determinada moral. Esa moral involucra imperativos categóricos que exigen, entre otros aspectos, medidas específicas, tactos invasivos y ocupaciones (perversas) del lugar de otros, lo cual desfigura la función docente en una mera pragmática enjuiciadora y hace del enseñar una mera razón para evaluar.
La Gestión Cultural en Costa Rica: definiciones y alcances
Authors: Alpízar Valverde Nicolas
Published: July 2020

Este texto presenta un marco descriptivo y conceptual específico para la gestión cultural contemporánea en Costa Rica. Para ello elabora una revisión crítica de conceptos, un recuento histórico y una propuesta de nomenclatura; todo acompañado por parte de una consulta empírica. Inicia con la revisión de las dos vertientes conceptuales de la Gestión Cultural. Primero se reseña la evolución desde la administración clásica hacia la gestión, de carácter más contemporáneo. A continuación, dada la extensa discusión sobre el concepto “cultura”, se contraponen dos acepciones, una restringida y una amplia, las cuales coexisten tanto en las convenciones internacionales como en la praxis cotidiana. Para subsanar ambigüedades, se propone una categorización de los bienes culturales, en vez del uso tradicional de “patrimonio cultural”. Posteriormente, se analiza la gestión cultural costarricense desde la teoría, acompañada por una reseña historiográfica. Gracias a la consulta directa con personas que la ejercen, se describen los objetos y las prácticas que los profesionales ejercen en suelo nacional. El autor finaliza con sus reflexiones y, lejos de emitir criterios absolutos, espera propiciar la discusión e incentivar futuras investigaciones.
AKTIVITAS DAN JARINGAN KERJA PEMBUATAN KAPAL PERIKANAN 5 GT DI GALANGAN KAPAL UD. OLIONG KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Kholis Muhammad Natsir , Ikhsan Suci Asrina , Wulandari Ulley
Published: July 2020

Memproduksi kapal perikanan yang tepat sesuai dengan tujuan tangkapan merupakan salah satu kemajuan bidang perikanan, kunci utamanya manajemen yang baik. Pengusaha galangan kapal harus bisa mengalokasikan waktu seefektif dan seefisien mungkin. Hal itu bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produksi hasil tangkapan ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat aktivitas pembangunan kapal perikanan di UD. Oliong dan mengalisis jaringan kerja proses pembangunannya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode survei. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November-Desember 2017 di UD. Oliong Bagansiapi-api Kecamatan Bangko Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Provinsi Riau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua aktivitas galangan kapal UD.Oliong yaitu docking dan pembangunan kapal. Sedangkan jalur kritis jaringan kerja pembangunan kapal 5 GT di galangan kapal UD.Oliong yaitu aktivitas pada kode A, B, C, E, F, H, I, J dan K, dengan waktu penyelesaian efektif 22 hari kerja.
Hermeneutika Alquran: Model Interpretasi Naṣr Ḥamid Abu Zayd
Authors: Lutfi Muhammad
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the methodology of reading the Qur’an initiated by Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd. As part of Islamic discourse, especially in the Qur’an, Nasr Hamid’s approach has sparked various productive discussions in the academic world. The approach of Nasr Hamid does not only contain its own characteristics, more than that, it is possible to produce an understanding, which at a certain point, has a power of social transformation. Two important issues as an example of the results of the approach are provided with some analyses on the matter of inheritance and slavery. It then must be understood in various aspects and contexts, and thus prompted to emerge an ideal egalitarian community. In this, Nas}r H{a>mid calls his hermeneutic approach as dialectics between ma‘na and maghza.
Menemukan Universalitas Pesan Alquran Sebagai Keniscayaan dalam Penafsiran Multi-Interdisipliner
Authors: Wardani Wardani , Nadhiroh Wardatun
Published: July 2020

This article aims to lay a philosophical foundation on the universality of the message of the Qur’an as a necessity in a multi-interdisciplinary approach to interpret the Qur’an. The study departs from the thoughts of Qur’anic scholars from the classical to the contemporary period as set out in their works. The “universality” here means two senses: first, compatibility of the message, owing to its universal and perennial ethical contents, to be applied across boundaries of time and space; second, various aspects of contents of the Qur’an, such as theological, legal, ethical, and scientific issues. This article also suggests methods in exploring the universality of the Qur’anic doctrines and gives one example of its application, especially in understanding Quranic values in its doctrine of warfare. The authors conclude that an integrative approach to the Qur’an is needed to be accompanied by an awareness of the universality of the message of the Qur’an which lies in the spirit of ethical principles and the need for meaning in a broader spectrum in the modern era. Neglecting its universal message will cause interpretations losing this spirit, such as classical Moslem interpreters’ understanding on jiha>d-verses by insisting that the jihad as warfare is a permanent obligation upon Moslems. The falsehood of the interpretation is due to neglecting the ethical principle i.e. humanity behind the law of reciprocity that underlies particular verses on warfare.
Qital Dalam Alquran dan Hadis: Tinjauan Historis dan Praksis
Authors: Mohamad Nuryansah
Published: July 2020

This paper aims at responding a critical accusation of qital concept in the Qur’an and hadith and providing analyses by using historical and practical approach. It can be argued, then, that the purposes of qital can be explained correctly as directed by both sources. At the very practical of interpretative approach, this study employs the historical, eidetic, and practical criticism. The research argues that qital or war can be applied with some criterias and ethics based on the Qur’an and hadith instruction. These criteria are (1) The nature of qital should be directed into God (fi sabiillah); (2) The qital should be first caused by the war of the enemy, (3) The qital is not permitted in the sacred worship places, (4) It aims to relieve the slander, (5) It is not allowed to sacrifice of other Muslims. The ethics of qital are: (1) It is not permitted to overreach, (2) Moslems must end the war if the enemy are surrender, (3) it is obliged to do based on the regulations and the aggrement, (4) it is not permitted to destroy.
Analisis Sektor Basis dan Non Basis pada Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Kabupaten Madiun Tahun 2013-3017
Authors: Wicaksono Aldi Eko
Published: July 2020

Provinsi dan Kabupaten. Metode yang digunakan dalam menentukan sektor unggulan di Kabupaten Madiun adalah Location Quotient (LQ), analisis Shift Share untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi.  Hasil dari analisis Location Qoutient (LQ) rata-rata pada tahun 2013-207 dapat diketahui bahwa yang tergolong sektor basis di Kabupaten Madiun adalah (1) Sektor Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan, (2) Sektor Pengdaan air, Pengelolaan Sampah, Limbah dan Daur Ulang, (3) Sektor Konstruksi, (4) Sektor Informasi dan Komunikasi, (5) Sektor jasa Keuangan dan Asuransi, (6) Sektor Real Estat, (7) Sektor Administrasi Pemerintahan, Pertahanan dan Jaminan Sosial Wajib, (8) Sektor Jasa Pendidikan, (9) Sektor Jasa Kesehatan dan Kegiatan Sosial, (10) Sektor lainnya. Memiliki nilai Location Quotient (LQ) lebih dari satu (LQ>1), dengan demikian dapat diartikan bahwa sektor ekonomi tersebut mampu mengekspor hasil produksinya ke daerah lain. Hasil dari analisis Shift Share (SS) sektor basis yang memiliki daya saing yaitu 1) Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan, (2) Pengadaan Air, Pengelolaan Sampah, Limbah dan Daur Ulang, (3) Kontruksi, (4). Informasi Komunikasi (5). Jasa Keuangan dan Asuransi, (6) Real Estate (7) Administrasi Pemerintahan, Pertahanan dan Jaminan Sosial Wajib (8) Jasa Pendidikan (9) Jasa Kesehatan dan Kegiatan Sosial (10) Jasa Lainnya. Sektor tersebut mempunyai peran yang besar terhadap PDRB. Sektor tersebut sangat berarti bagi Pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten Madiun.
Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Pemilu Presiden Indonesia Tahun 2019 Terhadap Return Saham JII70 di Indonesia
Authors: Adevia Fendiyani Erika , Zulia Kunthi Dewi , Fadlullah Hana Kharis
Published: July 2020

Abstract

The capital market an economic instrument is inseparable from the influence of the environment, both the economic environment and the non-economic environment. Political events are of the non-economic risks that can influence investors’ decisions to invest in the capital market. The purpose of this article is to determine the effect of the 2019 Indonesian presidential election on stock returns when a prospective presidential candidate will be determined before the presidential election, during the implementation, and also after the implementation of listed on JII70. The population in this study are companies whose shares are listed in the JII70 index. This research uses event study. The results showed that there was an investors’ where 7 days before and 7 days after 17 April 2019 elections were held simultaneously. This research shows that the presidential election events in 2019 significant on returns and stock prices in several companies incorporated in the JII70 index.

Keyword: Capital Market, Return, Presidential Election.

Abstrak

Pasar modal sebagai salah satu instrumen ekonomi tidak terlepas dari pengaruh lingkungan, baik lingkungan ekonomi maupun lingkungan non-ekonomi. Peristiwa politik merupakan salah satu risiko non-ekonomi yang dapat mempengaruhi keputusan investor untuk berinvestasi di pasar modal. Tujuan artikel ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemilu presiden Indonesia tahun 2019 terhadap return saham ketika akan ditentukannya bakal calon presiden sebelum pelaksanaan pemilihan umum presiden, pada saat pelaksanaan, dan juga sesudah pelaksanaannya terhadap saham-saham yang terdaftar didalam indeks JII70. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang sahamnya tercatat didalam indeks JII70. Penelitian ini menggunakan even study (studi peristiwa). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada reaksi investor di mana 7 hari sebelum dan 7 hari sesudah tanggal 17 April 2019 pemilu serentak. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peristiwa pemilu presiden pada tahun 2019 menunjukkan hasil yang cukup signifikan terhadap return dan harga saham dibeberapa perusahaan yang tergabung di indeks JII70.

Kata Kunci: Pasar Modal, Return, Pemilu Presiden.
Efectos de la música en el cerebro en la etapa infantil: revisión desde las neurociencias
Authors: Martos Guatusmal Oscar Fabián
Published: July 2020

El artículo de revisión, es producto de un proceso de investigación en el aula, desarrollado con estudiantes de segundo semestre del Programa de Psicología de la Universidad CESMAG, de la ciudad de Pasto (Colombia). El objetivo consistió en analizar los efectos de la música en el cerebro en la etapa infantil. Se realizó una búsqueda de antecedentes con la utilización de bases de datos, tales como: Scielo, Dialnet, Redalyc y Science Direct; se utilizó, también, el buscador Google escolar. El rastreo de información se efectuó, utilizando las palabras clave: música, cognición, emoción y habilidades sociales. Se limitó la información a investigaciones desarrolladas con población infantil y que correspondiera a trabajos publicados entre 2013 a 2018. Posterior a la búsqueda, los antecedentes fueron recopilados por medio de fichas de Resumen Analítico de Estudio (RAE), y se sistematizaron, los datos, en matrices que permitieron reconocer las categorías principales de los efectos de la música, a nivel de las emociones, en la psicomotricidad, en el lenguaje y en las habilidades sociales de los niños. Se concluye, que las evidencias científicas de los efectos de la música, han resultado importantes en el establecimiento de herramientas concretas para la estimulación del lenguaje, psicomotricidad y habilidades sociales. Principalmente, se ha generado un campo de intervención, en condiciones en las que hay presencia de patologías, como trastornos del lenguaje, afasia y estrés, entre otras.
La configuración identitaria como universitario, el éxito de la política educativa de las Universidades Tecnológicas
Authors: Hernández Ferrer Erick
Published: July 2020

El artículo presenta un análisis en torno al efecto que la política educativa, dirigida a las universidades tecnológicas en México, tiene en el proceso de la configuración identitaria de los actores que en ellas participan.  Como metodología, se implementó un enfoque particular, el cual se encuentra configurado a partir de una postura epistemológica antiesencialista, sobre la cual operan dos ejes: uno, teórico-conceptual, y, otro, analítico-metodológico; respecto al segundo, se recurrió a la etnografía, en tanto que se buscó resaltar la acción del sujeto.  Se tomó como referente, un trabajo etnográfico realizado en la Universidad Tecnológica de Gutiérrez Zamora, Veracruz (México). Se realizaron: una revisión documental, entrevistas a 11 estudiantes y 7 docentes, una historia de vida de un directivo, un grupo de discusión con personal directivo y registros de campo. A partir del trabajo interpretativo, emergió la tesis de que el éxito de la citada política, radica en el establecimiento de la noción de universitarios como punto de identificación de los sujetos, para lo cual se ofrecen insumos empíricos que sustentan el trabajo.
La transversalización de la perspectiva de género como una herramienta de intervención en educación
Authors: Garcia Villanueva Jorge , Díaz García Dalia Isabel , Hernández Ramírez Claudia Ivonne
Published: July 2020

Actualmente, la transversalidad se ha venido destacando como un elemento de relevancia de los nuevos currículos y en las propuestas de reforma; no obstante, la exigencia de abordar determinadas temáticas o contenidos referidos a la salud, al consumo, medio ambiente, convivencia, violencia, sexualidad, género y otros, aún conocidos por el profesorado, no han alcanzado la permanencia en la enseñanza.  Hablar de la transversalización de la perspectiva de género, implica adoptar una postura política, crítica y científica frente a la opresión, desigualdad y sometimiento de la infravaloración de un género frente a otro.  La exposición de este tema, en la educación, es fundamental por la ola de violencia hacia las mujeres acontecida en la Ciudad de México en los últimos años, y se considera que el ámbito escolar puede contribuir para comprender cómo el profesorado puede apoyar la idea de transformar los imaginarios sociales que mantienen la idea de lo masculino como supremo.  El propósito del texto es ofrecer pautas o formas de la funcionalidad del enfoque de la transversalización de la perspectiva de género en el ámbito educativo.  Las reflexiones finales se enfocan en la potencialidad que tiene la transversalización de la perspectiva de género en el plano educativo, al recuperar el debate sobre la organización y la selección tradicional de los contenidos, así como las problemáticas sociales suscritas en la época y la sociedad.
İlkokul Birinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Yazma Becerilerinin Betimlenmesi
Authors: OKATAN Özlem , ARSLAN ÖZER Derya
Published: July 2020

Bu araştırmada ilköğretim birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin dik temel yazı okunaklılığını ve hızını incelemek amacıyla betimsel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılının birinci döneminde Burdur’da bir devlet okulunda eğitim gören 13’ü kız, 12’si erkek olmak üzere 25 birinci sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Dikte Çalışması Takip Formu” ve “İlkokullar İçin Hikâye Yazmaya Yönelik Bütüncül Puanlama Yönergesi” birinci sınıflara uyarlanarak kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin yazıları üç aralıklı boş satırlardan oluşan kâğıtlara alınmıştır. Öğrencilere dikte ve bakarak yazma çalışması için 3 dakika, serbest yazma için 20 dakika süre verilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre çalışmaya katılan birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin çoğunlukla eksik harf ve yanlış harf yazma hataları yaptıkları görülmüştür. Öğrenciler bakarak yazma çalışmasında dikte ve serbest yazmaya göre daha hızlı yazmaktadırlar. Öğrencilerin serbest yazmada metne uygun başlık koyabilme becerileri yeterli düzeydeyken olay örgüsü, yer, zaman, kişiler ve ana fikir belirtme becerileri yetersiz düzeydedir.
Arms Race Between Turkey and Greece: Time-Varying Causality Analysis
Authors: TÜTÜNCÜ Asiye , ŞAHİNGÖZ Burak
Published: July 2020

An arms race is the dynamic process followed by states in the acquisition of weapons. An arms race requires mutual military expenditures during this process to support the arms race hypothesis among states. This study elaborated on the arms race hypothesis between Turkey and Greece for the period 1960-2016 with the help of time-varying causality testing as well as bootstrap causality testing and asymmetric causality testing. The bootstrap causality test results proved that there is a unidirectional causality relation between Greece’s defense expenditures and Turkey’s defense expenditures, whereas the asymmetric causality testing results proved that a mutual relationship exists between the two states’ defense expenditures. Further, according to the time-varying causality testing results, the presence of an arms race can be confirmed between the two countries for the periods 1975-1990 and 2000-2014.
Emekli ve Çalışanların Prim ve Vergi Algısına İlişkin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli: İstanbul Örneği
Authors: GERGERLİOĞLU Ufuk , AYTAÇ Deniz , DİBO Mete
Published: July 2020

Vergi algısı, bireylerin vergiye yönelik tutumlarını ve vergi bilincini etkileyen bir kavram olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bu kapsamda, maliye literatüründe birçok çalışmanın mevcut olduğu görülmektedir. Öte yandan, vergilerle benzerlik göstermesi nedeniyle prim algısının vergi algısı ile nasıl bir ilişki ortaya koyabileceğine yönelik çalışmalar az sayıdadır. Bilhassa bu algıların emekliler ve çalışanlar açısından nasıl sonuç ortaya koyabileceği önem arz etmektedir. Söz konusu önem, bu çalışma için motivasyon oluşturmuştur. Bu bilgiler ışığında araştırma, 18-35 yaş aralığındaki genç çalışanlar ile emeklilerin prim ve vergi algılarındaki farklılıkları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu farklılık ortaya konulurken yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kapsamındaki test sonuçlarından yararlanılmıştır. Parametrik veya parametrik olmayan testlere göre daha güçlü sonuçlar ortaya koyan yapısal eşitlik modeline yönelik testlerin bu araştırma verileri için kullanılması, kamu maliyesi literatürüne katkı sağlar niteliktedir. Bu araştırmanın sonuçları, çalışanların prim algılarının vergi algılarını etkileme düzeyinin emeklilere oranla daha fazla olabileceğini göstermektedir.
Lamine kompozit ve sandviç plakaların şekil ve gerilme algılaması için yeni bir dört-düğüm noktalı ters-plaka elemanı
Authors: KEFAL Adnan
Published: July 2020

Kompozit
malzemeler, çeşitli mühendislik yapılarının birincil yük taşıyıcı
bileşenlerinin imalat sürecinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, kompozitlerin
yapısal bütünlüğünün, yapının hizmet ömrü boyunca meydana gelen hasarlardan
dolayı azalması muhtemeldir. Duruma dayalı bakım programlaması için kompozit
yapılara gerçek zamanlı şekil ve gerilme algılaması gerçekleştirebilen bir
yapısal sağlık izleme sistemi entegre edilebilir. Bu çalışmada, Rafine Zikzak
Teorisinin (RZT) temel olarak kullanıldığı ters sonlu elemanlar yöntemine
(iFEM) dayanan yeni bir dört düğümlü ters plaka elemanı önerilmiştir. Buradaki
iFEM-RZT formülasyonu, membran, eğilme, enine kayma ve zikzak kesit
gerinimlerini içeren RZT'nin bütün gerinim ölçüleri kümesini kullanan ağırlıklı
en küçük kareler fonksiyonunu en aza indirgemektedir. Mevcut elemanın temel
faydası, herhangi bir yükleme bilgisi gerektirmemesi ve şekil algılaması için
yalnızca yerleşik sensörlerden alınan gerinim ölçer ölçümlerini kullanmasıdır.
Diğer bir avantajı, aynı zamanda genel bir lamine kompozit ve sandviç yapı
sınıfının tam alan ve üç boyutlu yer değiştirmelerini ve gerilmelerini tahmin etmek
içinde uygulanabilir olmasıdır. Mevcut elemanın potansiyel yeteneklerini
göstermek için, farklı laminasyon tiplerine sahip olan bir lamine kompozit
plaka üzerinde çeşitli vaka çalışmaları yapılmıştır. İFEM-RZT sonuçları ve son
derece hassas sonlu elemanlar çözümleri arasındaki karşılaştırmaya göre, mevcut
yaklaşımın üstün doğruluğu ortaya konmuştur.
Hidromekanik sıvama kalıp ve yöntem parametrelerinin benzetim yöntemine göre belirlenmesi
Authors: HALKACI Mehmet , DİLMEÇ Murat , TÜRKÖZ Mevlüt , ELMALI Ahmet , AVCI Semih , DAĞHAN Behcet , HALKACI Hüseyin Selçuk
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışmada sac metal ürün üretiminde, hızlı ve
ekonomik bir üretim talebini karşılamak için, klasik derin çekmeyle birçok
kademede üretilen çaydanlığın daha az kademede üretilmesi amacıyla hidroşekillendirme
kalıplarının tasarım ve imalatı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kalıp ve yöntem
parametrelerinin belirlenmesinde bulanık mantık algoritmalarına dayalı adaptif
kontrol uygulamalı Sonlu Elemanlar Analizleri kullanılmıştır. Endüstriyel
ürünün üretilmesi için gerekli büyük boyutlu, dolayısıyla çok maliyetli, 1:1
ölçekli kalıplar üretilmeden önce, çok daha düşük maliyetli 1:4 ölçekli
kalıplar üretilerek laboratuvar presinde belirlenen kalıp ve yöntem
parametrelerinin benzetim yöntemi ile 1:1 ölçekli kalıplarda da geçerliliği
araştırılmıştır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için 100 MPa sıvı basıncı ve 10000 kN
kapasiteli sanayi tipi bir sac hidroşekillendirme presi kullanılmıştır.Laboratuvar
çalışmaları sonunda, 1:4 ölçekli kalıplardan elde edilen kalıp ve yöntem
parametreleri kullanılarak 1:1 ölçekli kalıplarla hidromekanik sıvama yöntemi
uygulanmıştır. Klasik sıvama ile 4 kademede şekillendirilebilen çaydanlık
hidromekanik sıvama yöntemi ile tek kademede başarıyla üretilebilmiştir.
Böylece endüstriyel ürünün üretilmesi için gerekli olan 1:1 ölçekli kalıplar
üretilmeden önce benzetim kurallarına uygun olarak 1:4 ölçekli model kalıplarla
sızdırmazlık sistemi ve yöntem parametrelerinin belirlenmesiyle maliyete önemli
bir katkı sağlanmıştır. Hidromekanik sıvama yöntemi ile klasik sıvama yöntemi,
üretim hızı ve kalınlık dağılımı açısından kıyaslanmıştır. Klasik sıvama
yöntemi ile 4 kademede üretilen çaydanlığın üretim süresi presler arası taşıma
süresi de dikkate alındığında yaklaşık 60 saniyedir. Çaydanlık hidromekanik
sıvama yöntemi ile tek kademede 50 saniyede üretilebilmiştir. Böylece klasik
sıvamaya göre üretim hızı yaklaşık %20 artırılmıştır. Kalınlık dağılımları
incelendiğinde ise hidromekanik sıvama yöntemi ile üretilen çaydanlığın
kalınlık dağılımının klasik sıvamayla üretilene göre daha üniform olduğu
görülmüştür. Geometrik toleranslar açısından değerlendirildiğinde ise
hidromekanik sıvama yöntemi ile üretilen parçalardaki toleransların, klasik
sıvama ile elde edilenlere göre yaklaşık aynı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Türkçe dilinde görüntü altyazısı: veritabanı ve model
Authors: BATTİNİ SONMEZ Elena , YILDIZ Tuğba , YILMAZ Berk Dursun , DEMİR Ali Emre
Published: July 2020

Otomatik görüntü altyazısı, yapay zekânın hem bilgisayarla
görme hem de doğal dil işleme alanlarını kapsayan bir konudur. Makine çevirisi
alanındaki gelişmelerden ilham alan ve bu alanda başarılı sonuçlar veren
kodlayıcı-kod çözücü tekniği, şu anda İngilizce görüntü altyazısı konusunda kullanılan
mevcut yöntemlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, Türkçe dili için otomatik görüntü altyazısı
oluşturan bir model sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışma, verilen görüntülerin
özelliklerini çıkarmaktan sorumlu olan bir CNN kodlayıcıyı, altyazı oluşturmaktan
sorumlu olan bir RNN kod çözücüsü ile birleştirilerek, Türkçe MS COCO veri
tabanını üzerinde Türkçe görüntü altyazısı kodlayıcı-kod çözücü modelini test etmektedir.
Üretken modelin performansı yeni oluşturulan veri tabanında hem BLEU, METEOR,
ROUGE ve CIDEr gibi en yaygın değerlendirme ölçütleri hem de insan tabanlı
yöntemler kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, önerilen modelin
performansının hem niteliksel hem de niceliksel olarak tatmin edici olduğunu
göstermektedir. Çalışma sonunda hazırlanan, herkesin kullanımına açık bir Web uygulaması
uygulaması[1]
sayesinde Türkçe dili için MS COCO görüntülerine ait Türkçe girişlerin
yapıldığı bir ortam kullanıcıya sunulmuştur. Tüm görüntüler tamamlandığında,
Türkçe’ye özgü ve karşılaştırmalı çalışmaların yapıldığı bir veri kümesi
tamamlanmış olacaktır.

[1] http://mscococontributor.herokuapp.com/website/
High-Yield Skeletal Muscle Protein Recovery from TRIzol® after RNA and DNA Extraction v1
Authors: Wen Yuan , Vechetti Ivan , Valentino Taylor , J McCarthy John
Published: July 2020

Extraction of DNA, RNA, and protein from the same sample would allow for direct comparison of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic information. Commercially available kits exhibit poor protein yield and TRIzol® reagent produces a protein pellet that is extremely difficult to solubilize. In response to these limitations, this study presents an optimized method for the extraction of protein from the organic phase of TRIzol® reagent that allows for higher yield recovery of skeletal muscle protein compared to direct homogenization in a common protein lysis buffer. The presented method is inexpensive, simple and fast; requires no additional treatment of the protein pellet for dissolution; and is compatible with downstream western blot applications.
Damping of unisothermal axisymmetric bending vibrations of viscoelastic plates
Authors: Pyatetska O.
Published: July 2020

A problem on the forced monoharmonic axisymmetric bending vibrations and dissipative heating of circular viscoelastic plate with the piezoelectric sensors and actuators is considered. Viscoelastic behavior of passive (without piezoeffect) and piezoactive materials is described using the concept of complex moduli which depend on temperature. The nonlinear coupled problem of electrothermoviscoelasticity is solved by numerical methods. The influence of the boundary conditions and temperature of disspative heating on active damping of harmonic vibrations of thin viscoelastic plates with the simultaneous use of sensors and actuators is investigated. For modeling viscoelastic properties of passive and piezoelectric materials, linear models of integral type viscoelasticity are used, which are most effective for simulating the dissipative properties of materials in the linear region. If the material characteristics depend on temperature, investigation of the influence of temperature of dissipative heating is reduced to solution of complicated nonlinear systems of differential equations.