bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective Effects of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Peperomia Pellucida (L.) Kunth on Benzo-a-Pyrene-Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Okoro Samson Eruke , Okoh Pamelina Ewere , Ogunka-Nnoka Charity Uchechi
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the efficacy of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth ethanol leaf extract against PAH-induced organ damage and reproductive dysfunction in adult Wistar rats. Thirty-five (35) rats weighing 150–200g, randomly divided into five (5) groups of seven (7) rats each, were used in this study. Fresh leaves of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth were air-dried, ground into fine powder and used in the preparation of an ethanol extract. Toxicity and organ damage was induced using Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). Group I received normal rat feeds and distilled water only for 6 weeks. Group II received 1 ml/kg b.w. of olive oil daily from week 1 to week 3 (orally). Group III received 2mg/kg b.w. of B[a]P dissolved in 1 ml/kg b.w. olive oil (vehicle) daily from week 1 to week 3 (orally). Groups IV and V served as curative prophylactic groups respectively. At Weeks 4 and 6, the rats were fasted for 24 h prior to sacrificing/sample collection and then mildly anesthetized with chloroform and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. B[a]P induced toxicity in the experimental animals as indicated by significant (P<0.05) increase in plasma AST, ALT & ALP activities in the B[a]P-group at weeks 4 and 6. There was significant (P<0.05) increase in urea in the B[a]P-induced group, compared to the feeds-only control group which recorded 5.82 ± 1.11 and 5.80 ± 1.27 (µmol/L) at weeks 4 and 6 respectively. Administration of the plant extract led to significant increase in the number of white blood cells (WBC) in the curative group as compared to the B[a]P group (Group III). There was significant increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes GSH, SOD, MDA and CAT in both curative and prophylactic groups at week 4 and 6. Data obtained from this study suggest that P. pellucida leaves exhibit promising hepatoprotective, fertility and antioxidant potency, and consequently has ameliorative effects against Benzo[a]pyrene-induced toxicity and organ damage in Wistar rats.
STRATEGI KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU: STUDI DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH BUSTANUL ULUM JAYASAKTI
Authors: MAULIDIN SYARIF
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify and analyze the strategies implemented by the headmaster to improve teachers' performance at MTs Bustanul Ulum Jayasakti. The main focus of this research is how the headmaster employs various approaches to empower teachers and enhance educational quality. The research method used is qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that the headmaster implements several key strategies, including continuous training programs, individual teacher performance evaluations, rewards and incentives, teacher involvement in decision-making, and improvements in educational facilities. These strategies have proven effective in enhancing teachers' competencies and motivation, as well as creating a better learning environment. The conclusion of this study indicates that visionary and participatory leadership of the headmaster can be a key factor in improving teachers' performance and the quality of education at the madrasa. In the future, this research can be expanded by examining the impact of each strategy on student learning outcomes.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis strategi yang diterapkan oleh kepala madrasah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di MTs Bustanul Ulum Jayasakti. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kepala madrasah menggunakan berbagai pendekatan untuk memberdayakan guru dan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala madrasah menerapkan beberapa strategi penting, termasuk program pelatihan berkelanjutan, evaluasi kinerja guru secara individu, pemberian penghargaan dan insentif, keterlibatan guru dalam pengambilan keputusan, serta peningkatan sarana dan prasarana pendidikan. Strategi-strategi ini terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan kompetensi dan motivasi guru, serta menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang lebih baik. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala madrasah yang visioner dan partisipatif dapat menjadi kunci utama dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru dan kualitas pendidikan di madrasah. Ke depannya, penelitian ini dapat diperluas dengan mengkaji pengaruh masing-masing strategi terhadap hasil pembelajaran siswa.
THE EFFECTS OF SEMANTIC WEB-BASED LEARNING: AN EDUCATIONAL PARADIGM SHIFT
Authors: Amantay B. , Uskenbayeva R.K.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of Semantic Web-Based Learning (SWBL) on education,with a focus on its potential to enhance learning outcomes, foster collaboration, and promote individualized learning. As a transformative technology, the Semantic Web has the capability to revolutionize education by creating more interactive, engaging, and personalized learning experiences. The introduction of SWBL has brought significant changes to the educational landscape, shifting away from traditional methodologies toward more sophisticated, interconnected learning environments. This study provides acomprehensive analysis of the innovations, challenges, and future prospects associated with integrating semantic technologies into web-based learning platforms.We begin with a historical overview of SWBL's development, tracing its evolution and highlighting its departure from static content distribution to more dynamic and interactive educational experiences. Particular attention is given to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR), which are key innovations driving improved learning experiences within SWBL environments.The study also addresses the major challenges in SWBL implementation, including concerns around data privacy, standardization, and equitable access. Overcoming these challenges is essential for the successful integration of SWBL into mainstream education. Additionally, the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, gamification strategies, and real-world case studies is emphasized in understanding and leveraging SWBL's full potential. Ethical considerations are interwoven throughout the analysis, underscoring the responsible use of technology and the development of digital citizenship.In conclusion, this study provides a detailed examination of SWBL's past, present, and future, contributing to the ongoingdiscourse on educational technology. By navigating the challenges and embracing innovations, SWBL emerges as a critical force in shaping the future of education. This review aims to inspire future research, stimulate informed discussion, and support educators and policymakers in fully harnessing the benefits of SWBL for learners in the digital age.
SEJARAH AGAMA ISLAM DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA
Authors: Azhima Muhammad Fauzan
Published: January 2025

To discuss a religion, one of which is Islam which starts from the geographical aspect of the spread of religions in the world. Then, it can also be understood with the emergence of Islam into this world as one of the best religions in the world, especially those born in the Middle East world, namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are known as religions that come from revelation or the sky. With the next stage, it can be understood about the process of the development of Islam which is one of the religions that is widely embraced by the general public in this world. the words included. The object of this research is analyzed how the history of the Islamic religion is. This article is compiled based on data and references obtained from books and scientific journals related to the discussion. This writing method is a literature study and the data that has been collected is arranged and sorted logically and systematically Religion is something you need to know about the meaning it contains, and because religion is based on the psychological nature of belief, its strength or weakness depends on how it is embedded in the soul, it's different. Therefore, by knowing the meaning contained in a religion, someone who is religious can feel the goodness and tranquility that comes from the teachings of that religion. Westerners tend to see religion as a phenomenon that manifests itself in religious adherents. This is because they have long developed a way of seeing things just as they are, or only appearing in the eyes of human social life. Islam which was revealed in the Arabian Peninsula has brought the Arabs who were originally backward, ignorant, unknown and ignored by other nations, into a developed and civilized nation. He is very fast moving to develop the world, fostering a culture and civilization that is very important in human history until now. Islam is different from other religions. Islam is not culture, but creates culture. The resulting culture is called Islamic culture or civilization. The foundation of "Islamic civilization" is "Islamic culture" especially its ideal form, while the basis of "Islamic culture" is Islam. So Islam gave birth to culture. If culture is the result of human creation, taste and intention, then Islam is a revelation from God.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Video Animasi untuk Siswa SMA At Thohiriyyah Semarang
Authors: Astuti Yani Parti , Utomo Danang Wahyu , Sudibyo Usman , Fahmi Amiq , Kartikadarma Etika , Dolphina Erlin , Subhiyakto Egia Rosi
Published: January 2025

Information technology has developed and provided progress such as the increasing use of computers and the internet in the world, especially in the world of education. Through computers and the internet, all information can be disseminated and can be used as learning materials for students. The development of information technology and the internet, not all information is disseminated positively. Some information is disseminated negatively such as fake news (hoaxes), radicalism, and hate speech. There needs to be skills in using the development of information technology. Digital literacy trains users not only to be proficient in using information technology but also to have the ability to think critically, creatively, and innovatively to produce digital competence. SMA At Thohiriyyah is one of the high schools in Semarang that focuses on understanding and improving the abilities of its students in digital literacy. Insight is needed for SMA At Thohiriyyah students in understanding the importance of digital literacy. Animation video training is one way to increase student creativity in digital literacy in creating learning videos. With this training, it is hoped that students can develop learning videos that can be used on social media such as YouTube
Pendampingan Implementasi Pelaporan Keuangan SAK ETAP Di Koperasi Inti Dana Semarang
Authors: Ayu Miranti Kusumaningrum  , Bambang Widjanarko Susilo  , Edy Susanto  , Galuh Aninditiyah  , Zarah Dinul Khaq  , Vivi Kumalasari Subroto  , Nanik Qosidah  , Benny Cuaca
Published: January 2025

Savings and loan cooperatives play an important role in strengthening the community's economy, especially in the micro and small sectors. However, many cooperatives face various challenges related to proper financial management and recording. Limited human resources and lack of understanding of relevant accounting standards are the main obstacles. This community service aims to increase understanding and application of SAK ETAP (Financial Accounting Standards for Entities Without Public Accountability) in the Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) Inti Dana Semarang.  The methods used include training, mentoring, and evaluation of the implementation of  SAK ETAP. The results of this program show an improvement in the quality of financial reports and transparency in cooperative management. This initiative has a positive impact on member trust and the sustainability of cooperative businesses
A mutlisensor C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) approach to retrieve freeze/thaw cycles: A case study for a low Arctic environment
Authors: Crevier Charlotte , Langlois Alexandre , Derksen Chris , Roy Alexandre
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This study investigates the spatial variability of surface freeze/thaw (F/T) cycles in low arctic tundra retrieved from multisensor SAR backscatter time series. To increase the temporal resolution of SAR observations, we combined measurements from Sentinel-1 and RADARSAT-2. An incidence angle normalization was applied to the backscatter time series to remove the influence of the acquisition angle on backscatter. A seasonal threshold algorithm (STA) was used to detect F/T transitions and applied to HH, HV and HH+HV polarization datasets. The classification threshold was optimized using soil temperature measurements from spatially distributed sites. A detection accuracy of over 93 % was calculated with an optimized classification threshold of 0.62 for the HH+HV time series on those sites. We created surface F/T day of the year (DOY) maps of the study area for the 2018 and 2019 freezing transitions, and for the 2019 thawing transition using the HH+HV time series with the optimized classification threshold. Those maps were combined with a terrestrial ecosystem (ecotype) map to investigate the impact of ecotypes on the F/T transitions. Three generalized least squares (GLS) models were fitted on the coupling of the maps. Differences of about 2–3 days were observed between ecotype classes. Based on these differences, we hypothesize that differences during the freezing transition were probably due to the underlying soil moisture and during the thawing transition, to the influence of vegetation. Our study demonstrates the power of merging two C-band SAR time series to create near-daily F/T maps over arctic environment to allow for better understanding of surface F/T processes happening at small spatial scale in arctic environments.
A Distributed Hybrid Physics-AI Framework for Learning Corrections of Internal Hydrological Fluxes and Enhancing High-Resolution Regionalized Flood Modeling
Authors: Huynh Ngo Nghi Truyen , Garambois Pierre-André , Renard Benjamin , Colleoni François , Monnier Jérôme , Roux Hélène
Published: January 2025

Abstract. To advance the discovery of scale-relevant hydrological laws while better exploiting massive multi-source data, merging artificial intelligence with process-based modeling has emerged as a compelling approach, as demonstrated in recent lumped hydrological modeling studies. This research proposes a general spatially distributed hybrid modeling framework that seamlessly combines differentiable process-based modeling with neural networks. We focus on hybridizing a differentiable hydrological model with neural networks, leveraging the temporal memory effect of the original model, on top of a differentiable kinematic wave routing over a flow direction grid. We evaluate flood modeling performance and analyze the interpretability of learned conceptual parameters and corrections of internal fluxes using two high-resolution data sets (dx = 1 km, dt = 1 h). The first data set involves 235 catchments in France, used for local calibration-validation and model structure comparisons between the classical GR-like model and the hybrid approach. The second dataset presents a challenging multi-catchment modeling setup in flash flood-prone areas to demonstrate the framework's regionalization learning capabilities. The results show that the hybrid models achieve superior accuracy and robustness compared to classical approaches in both spatial and temporal validation. Analysis of the spatially distributed parameters and internal fluxes reveals the hybrid models' nuanced behavior, their adaptability to diverse hydrological responses, and their potential for uncovering physical processes.
Review article: Using spaceborne lidar for snow depth retrievals: Recent findings and utility for global hydrologic applications
Authors: Fair Zachary , Vuyovich Carrie , Neumann Thomas , Pflug Justin , Shean David , Enderlin Ellyn M. , Zikan Karina , Besso Hannah , Lundquist Jessica , Deschamps-Berger Cesar , Treichler Désirée
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Lidar is an effective tool to measure snow depth over key watersheds across the United States. Lidar-derived snow depth observations from airborne platforms have demonstrated centimeter-level accuracy at high spatial resolution. However, ground-based and airborne lidar surveys are costly and limited in space and time. In recent years, there has been an emerging interest in using spaceborne lidar to estimate snow depth. Preliminary results from spaceborne lidar altimeters such as the NASA Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) ca provide routine snow depth retrievals over watersheds, though further research on accuracy, coverage, and operational potential is needed. In this review, we outline the current status of research using spaceborne lidar to derive snow depth. We focus on the currently operational ICESat-2 mission, with a summary of snow observations gathered from recent studies. We also outline best practices for spaceborne lidar snow depth retrieval, based on findings from recent studies. We conclude with a discussion of ongoing challenges for spaceborne lidar, with suggestions for future studies and requirements for future mission concepts.
Active microbial sulfur cycling across a 13,500-year-old lake sediment record
Authors: Berg Jasmine Sofia , Rodriguez Paula Catalina , Magnabosco Cara , Deng Longhui , Bernasconi Stefano M. , Vogel Hendrik , Morlock Marina , Lever Mark Alexander
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The sulfur cycle is very important in lake sediments, despite the much lower sulfate concentrations in freshwater than seawater. To date, little is known about the formation and preservation of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds in such sediments, especially in the sulfate-depleted subsurface. Here we investigated the fate of buried S-compounds down to 10-m sediment depth, which represents the entire ~13.5 kya sedimentary history, of the sulfate-rich alpine Lake Cadagno. Chemical profiles of sulfate and reduced sulfur reveal that sulfate from lake water is depleted at the sediment surface with the concomitant formation of iron sulfide minerals. An underlying aquifer provides a second source of sulfate and other oxidants to the deepest and oldest sediment layers generating an inverse redox gradient with ongoing sulfate consumption. Active sulfur cycling within this deep layer produces highly 34S-depleted chromium-reducible sulfur (CRS) (δ34S between -45 and -26 ‰ VCDT) and humic-bound sulfur compared to sulfate in lake (+24 ‰) or aquifer water (+12 to +15 ‰) or CRS in surface sediments (-12 to + 13 ‰). Overall, very similar 𝜀sulfate-pyrite isotope differences in both surface and deep sediments suggest rather comparable closed-system sulfur cycling despite the large differences in sulfate concentrations, organic matter content, and microbial community composition. Although sulfate is depleted in the central part of the sediment column, dsrB gene libraries suggest potential for microbial sulfur reduction throughout the sediment column, with sequences in sulfate-depleted layers being dominated by Chloroflexota. Collectively, our data suggest an active sulfur cycle that is driven by uncultivated microorganisms in deep sulfate-depleted sediments of Lake Cadagno.
Challenges in detecting wind turbine power loss: the effects of blade erosion, turbulence, and time averaging
Authors: Malik Tahir H. , Bak Christian
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Establishing a clear correlation between blade leading-edge erosion (LEE) and the performance of operational wind turbines is challenging due to the complex interaction of various factors. This study aims to improve the understanding and analysis of real wind turbine measurements by employing aeroelastic simulations to investigate the combined effects of LEE, turbulence intensity (TI), and time averaging as a data processing technique and to show how they obscure the effects of erosion. The study does not aim to investigate each contributing factor in detail but seeks to provide insights through selected examples, thereby illustrating how these conditions hinder the detection of blade erosion’s effects on power loss. An aeroelastic model provided by an offshore original-equipment manufacturer (OEM) was used to simulate various scenarios. Turbulence intensity was varied for a range of wind speeds, and the aerofoil characteristics for the blade were modified to simulate different degrees of erosion, represented by varying levels of roughness. For a given site, findings reveal that even mild simulated erosion can reduce the annual energy production (AEP) by 0.82 % at 6 % TI, while more severe erosion leads to a 1.46 % decrease. Furthermore, increasing TI exacerbates these losses, with 15 % TI causing up to 2.14 % AEP reduction for eroded blades, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between the effects of blade erosion and turbulence intensity on turbine performance. These effects are most pronounced at sites with lower average wind speeds. Moreover, the interaction between TI levels and longer time-averaging periods, which vary with wind speed, can obscure the true magnitude of LEE's impact on short-term power fluctuations. This study suggests that 10 min time-averaging periods can mask performance and that analysing unsteady-rotor data with shorter time periods, such as 1 s periods, is preferable. The work emphasises the importance of considering the blade condition's impact in the context of various influencing factors for accurate AEP assessments, performance monitoring, and improved wind turbine design for operational wind turbines.
STUDY OF BIOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI AS A PERENNIAL PLANT IN THE CONDITIONS OF TURKESTAN REGION
Authors:   "M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University" NPJSC, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Shapalov Sh.K. , Azimov A.М. ,   "M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University" NPJSC, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Yessenbek A.S. ,   "M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University" NPJSC, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Ashirbayev Zh.S. ,   "M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University" NPJSC, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

Түркістан облысы жағдайында алғаш рет Stevia rebaudiana тропикалық өсімдігінің онтогенезінің биоэкологиялық сипаттамалары зерттелді. Тұқымнан өсірілген өсімдіктердің өсу және даму, бүршіктену, гүлдену және жеміс беру мерзімдері зерттелді. Тәуліктік және маусымдық гүлдену динамикасының заңдылықтары анықталды, сонымен қатар интродукция жағдайында гүлдер тұқымның тұрақты түзілуін қамтамасыз ете отырып, тозаңданудың протерандриялық және ксеногамдық түріне қабілеттілігін сақтайтыны расталды. Жапырақтардағы стевиозидтің өсімдік кезеңіне және өсімдік жасына тәуелділігі белгілі болды. Ашық жерге отырғызу кезінде 80-100 г/м2 нормасын сақтай отырып, 5 г/л концентрациясы "Биогумус" кешенді органоминералды тыңайтқышпен өсімдікті қоректендіру есебінен стевияның өнімділігі 20-30% - ға артты; жабындау кезінде кеңейтілген вермикулитті қолдану арқылы су шығынын 20% - ға дейін азайтуға қол жеткізілді. Зерттеу нәтижелері Қазақстанның оңтүстік аудандарында Stevia rebaudiana өсіру тәжірибесіне, сондай-ақ дәстүрлі емес өсімдіктердің гүлдену биологиясы мен тұқым өнімділігі бойынша арнайы курстар шеңберінде жоғары оқу орындарында биолог-эколог мамандарды даярлау процесінде пайдалануға, сонымен қатар Stevia rebaudianaны Түркістан облысы жағдайында перспективалы көпжылдық өсімдік ретінде бағалауға және тұқымнан көбейту бойынша ұсыныстар жасауға мүмкіндік берді.
RESULTS OF STUDYING SPRING DURUM WHEAT USING RGB PHENOTYPING
Authors:   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tajibayev D. , Zhigula T.Y. ,   LLP "Scientific and Production Center of Grain Farming named after A.I. Barayev", Akmola region, Shortandy district, Nauchny village, Kazakhstan, Babkenov A.T. ,   LLP "Scientific and Production Center of Grain Farming named after A.I. Barayev", Akmola region, Shortandy district, Nauchny village, Kazakhstan, Morgunov A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

В данной статье рассматриваются результаты исследования яровой твердой пшеницы, проведенного с использованием методов RGB фенотипирования в условиях Акмолинской области Казахстана в 2021 и 2022 годах. Цель исследования заключалась в выявлении перспективных образцов яровой твердой пшеницы, устойчивых к неблагоприятным условиям и обладающих высокой урожайностью, для оптимизации селекционной работы. В условиях изменчивого климата и дефицита водных ресурсов современные технологии дистанционного зондирования играют ключевую роль в анализе состояния растений и оптимизации сельскохозяйственных процессов. Исследование охватывает более 150 образцов яровой твердой пшеницы и выделено высокоурожайных 20 образцов описанных в данной статье, с акцентом на показатели урожайности и фенологии. Основное внимание уделяется выявлению сортов, устойчивых к неблагоприятным условиям.
В результате анализа, лучшие образцы, такие как Gordeiforme_00-96-8 и Gordeiforme_924, демонстрируют высокую продуктивность и устойчивость к стрессовым условиям, что подчеркивает их потенциал для использования в селекции. Использование линейной регрессии и корреляционного анализа позволяет установить значимое влияние площади под кривой зеленой площади и индекса увядания на урожай. Дисперсионный анализ подтверждает наличие статистически значимых взаимосвязей между цифровыми показателями и урожай. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о значимости применения методов дистанционного зондирования для улучшения селекционных программ и повышения продовольственной безопасности в Казахстане
GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF KOCHIA SAMPLES IN THE SEMI-DESERT ZONE OF SOUTH KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   "South-West scientific research institute for livestock and crops" JSC, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Seytkarimov A. , Sartayev A.E. ,   "South-West scientific research institute for livestock and crops" JSC, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Espanov A.M. ,   South-West Research Institute for livestock and crops JSC, branch – N.I. Vavilov Experimental Station of the Aral Region. Plant Genetic Fund, Aktobe region, Shalkar, Kashkarov А.А. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

Мақалада қуаңшылық аймаққа төзімді Россия, Орта Азия, Қазақстан және Моңғолия елдерінің территориясында өсетін бағалы мал азығындық өсімдіктің бірі Алабұта тұқымдасының изен туысына жататын көп жылдық изен түрін (Kochia prostratа) зерттеу нәтижелеріне шолу жасалған. Қуаңшылқ аймақтың жайылымдық алқаптарының өнімділігін көтеру бағытында жергілікті жердің топырақ – климат жағдайларына бейімделген бағалы мал азықтық өсімдіктің бірі изен түрін зерттеу жұмыстарына қысқаша шолу жасалынды және оның тиімділігі көрсетілді. Изен үлгілерін Қазақстанның оңтүстік өңірінің шөл және шөлейт аймақтарында зерттеу нәтижесінде таубөктері аймақтарда екпе жайылым және шалғындық егістер жасау үшін сорттары шығарылды және жаңа сорттар шығару бағыттары бойынша ғылыми ізденістер жүргізілді, сонымен қатар Қазақстанның оңтүстік шөлі мен шөлейт аймағында зерттелген үлгілердің өсіп-даму ерекшеліктері айтылады. Жазық шөлде 165 үлгісін зерттеу нәтижесінде солтүстік және батыс өңірлерден алынған үлгілердің оңтүстік және шығыс өңірлерден алынған үлгілерге қарағанда жергілікті шөл аймақтын аптап ыстығына төзімсіздеу келіп, тіршілігі 2-7 жылдан аспады.
Алайда зерттелген үлгілердің арасында биологиялық – шаруашылық қасиеттерімен ерекшіліктермен көзге түскен үлгілер болды. Оларды шөлейт аймақтың тау бөктерінде зерттеу нәтижелері олардың өзіндік ерекшеліктерін сақтай отырып оңтүстік және шығыс үлгілерімен бірдей өсіп – дамыды және тіршілігі 15-18 жылға дейін созылды. Сондай үлгілердің бірі Ақтөбе облысынан алынған К-101.14 үлгісі шөлейт аймағында бейімделген жайылымдық сорт шығару жұмысына қамтылды.
ECONOMIC AND BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF SAINFOIN VARIETIES OF ESPARCET IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOOTHILL – STEPPE ZONE OF THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors:   «East Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station», Ust–Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan, Seilgazina S.M. , Toktasynov K.A. ,   «East Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station», Ust–Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan, Nurgazy K.Sh. ,   «East Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station», Ust–Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan, Nurtazin O.K. ,   «East Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station», Ust–Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan, Tursynkhanova A.B. ,   «East Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station», Ust–Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

В данной статье приводятся результаты исследований, проведенных в предгорно – степной зоне Восточно – Казахстанской области. Эспарцет сорта «Долина» показал высокие результаты по массе сухих трав и урожайность семян по сравнению «Шыгыс». Урожайность эспарцета сорта «Шыгыс» составила 56 ц/га, сорта «Долина» - 69 ц/га. Сухая масса с 1 гектара достигает 45 – 55 центнеров и даже больше. Семенная продуктивность эспарцета зависит не только от технологии возделывания и наличия опылителей, но и от сорта. Сорт «Долина» отличается тем, что у него несколько длиннее цветочная кисть в сравнении с «Шыгыс». В результате двух укосов урожайность сухой биомассы может достигать 40–50 и более центнеров с гектара. Весной культура достигает укосной спелости на 10–15 дней раньше люцерны и на 18–20 дней раньше клевера, что позволяет значительно расширить зеленый и сырьевой конвейеры. Статья направлена на интеграцию научных знаний и практических решений, способствует развитию науки и практики в области кормопроизводства. В связи с этим необходимы исследования с учетом зональных особенностей хозяйственно-биологических показателей эспарцета разных сортов в условиях предгорно-степной зоны на востоке Казахстана.
APPLICATIONS OF A HYDROGEL MIXTURE ON BARLEY YIELD IN THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   «INNIOVTECHPRODUCT» LLP, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Manabaev N.T. , Yusupov Sh. ,   «INNIOVTECHPRODUCT» LLP, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Azimov A.M. ,   South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Ibragimova Z.A. ,   South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Manabaev R.N. ,   «INNIOVTECHPRODUCT» LLP, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Userov A.B. ,   South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

В данной статье рассматривается, как различные нормы смеси гидрогеля влияют на влагоресурсосбережение и продуктивность сорта озимого ячменя. Опыты проводились в богарных условиях КХ «Айтубай» Казыгуртского района Туркестанской области. В период исследований были изучены климатические условия по данным Казгуртских метеостанций с января по июль 2024 года. На опытном поле общая сумма осадков составила 412,7 мм, общая температура воздуха достигла 1020С, а средняя влажность почвы составила 23,86%. Несмотря на то, что годовое количество осадков на поле соответствовало среднемноголетнему, в июне и июле, в период активного роста озимого ячменя, наблюдался недостаток влаги из-за отсутствия дождей. Однако использование смеси гидрогеля постепенно высвобождает накопленную воду через процесс диффузии, что помогает поддерживать влажность почвы на протяжении длительного времени.
Эксперименты показали, что контрольный вариант без смеси гидрогеля по сравнению со всеми показателями уступает вариантам со смесью гидрогеля. В третьем варианте было внесено 25 кг/га смеси гидрогеля. В почве в слоях 0-10 см влажность составила 8,7%, а в слоях 10-20 см – 17,5%. Эти показатели в контрольном варианте соответственно составили 8,5% и 14,9%. В варианте с внесением смеси гидрогеля в количестве 35 кг/га в слоях 0-10 см влажность составила 10,6%, а в слоях 10-20 см – 18,5%. Это показывает, что слои почвы более насыщены влагой. При повышенной влажности увеличивается биомасса, что приводит к росту и повышению сухой массы растений, а также снижению развития генеративных частей.
Установлено, что внесение гидрогелевой смеси в объеме 25 кг/га способствовало повыше-нию содержания подвижных элементов питания в почве. Вес 1000 семян ячменя составил 37,1 г, а урожайность достигла 18,7 ц/га, что дало прибавку урожая в 4,1 ц/га. В богарном земледелии рекомендуется вносить норму смеси гидрогеля в 25-30 кг/га для ячменя сорта Байшешек в условиях Казыгуртского района Туркестанской области. Таким образом, правильный выбор норм гидрогеля может стать ключевым фактором для успешного ведения сельского хозяйства в условиях изменяющегося климата.
STUDY OF THE DEGREE OF DEGRADATION OF VEGETATION COVER OF RURAL PASTELANDS IN TURKESTAN REGION
Authors:   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Baimagambetova Zh.A. , Kedelbayev B.Sh. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Kashkarov А.А. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Seytkarimov A. ,   “Sout-West scientific research institute for livestock and crops” JSC, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Sartayev A.E. ,   “Sout-West scientific research institute for livestock and crops” JSC, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

В данной статье представлено влияние способов выпаса скота на количественные и качественные показатели растительного покрова пастбищных угодий сел Кожатогайского сельского округа Туркестанской области. В результате статистических анализов и геоботанических наблюдений, проведенных в 2022-2024 годах, установлены причины ухудшения состояния пастбищ вблизи села, где 58% жителей держат скот. Также было обнаружено, что поголовье скота в каждом домохозяйстве было неодинаково. Большинство семей села Кожатогай имеют 1-2 коровы, некоторые - 45-58, одна семья - 135, а в некоторых хозяйствах - 30-85 лошадей и 64-275 овец. Общее поголовье крупного рогатого скота почти в четыре раза превышает нормативные показатели площади пастбищ, утвержденных для села. В результате геоботанического обследования пастбищ вблизи села установлены неравномерность растительности, большая концентрация и чрезмерное использование скота, которые повлияли на разнообразие растительного сообщества и снижение продуктивности, в связи с этим проведен посев семян аридных культур вблизи села Кожатогай, на опытном участке «Бактыолен» и опорном пункте Тассай ТОО «Юго-Западный научно-исследовательский институт животноводства и растениеводства». При закладке полевых опытов семенной материал изеня, терескена и полыни обработаны биостимулятором – гетероауксином. Как показал лабораторный анализ, 0,03% раствор гиббереллина положительно повлиял на всхожесть семян аридных культур, особенно изеня, у которого на второй же день в варианте 4-х часовой обработки взошли 31% семян. В вариантах 2 и 6 часовой обработке соответственно 3 и 5, в контроле 5%. В растительном сообществе к нежелательным и сорным растениям относятся осока, исекмия, полынь белая, осока желтая, лакса. Для повышения качества пастбищ необходимо на постоянной основе проводить мониторинг поголовья скота, увеличивать площади полей, использовать отгонные пастбища в системе ротационного выпаса, проводить мероприятия по созданию пастбищ с использованием пустынноустойчивых кормовых растений.
Towards effective sustainable disaster management approach: How sustainable solutions mitigate hurricanes and tropical cyclones negative impact. Case studies from: USA, China, Oman, and UAE
Authors: Obaid Alhidi Amal Mubarak
Published: January 2025

As communities worldwide confront increasingly severe climate related emergencies, there is an urgent need to move beyond traditional crisis response strategies and adopt sustainable solutions to mitigate the impact of natural disasters. Focusing on hurricanes and tropical cyclones, this study examines their profound effects on the environment, infrastructure, economy, and human lives, utilizing the systematically reviews of 84 articles, reports, and researchers. The study aims to delve in existing evidence regarding the social and economic risks these disasters pose. The research highlighted the critical role of integrating sustainable solutions into disaster management to achieve environmental, economic, and social benefits.Case studies from the USA, China, Oman, and the UAE demonstrated that adopting green practices such as renewable energy, nature-based solutions, and circular economy principles enhance resilience and recovery. Early warning systems and public education, as implemented in China and the UAE, have significantly reduced disaster fatalities. Also, nature-based strategies like reforestation and wetland restoration mitigate floods and landslides while strengthening ecosystems. The study adds to existing crisis management research by identifying strategies for survival and resilience against climate change impacts. The findings also align with previous studies on climate change effects and offer actionable recommendations for policymakers and governments to enhance disaster mitigation efforts. The proposed strategies provide valuable tools to reduce disaster risks both during and after their occurrence.
The impact of corporate governance and share capital structure on corporate social responsibility
Authors: Arifaj Arta Hoti , Rexhepi Ilir , Baruti Blerta Haliti
Published: January 2025

The relevance of the study was driven by the importance of effective corporate governance for the implementation of corporate social responsibility, which is critical for ensuring business sustainability in the context of globalization and adaptation to European standards. How effectively companies implement management practices determines their ability to respond to social challenges and maintain investor confidence. The purpose of the study was to investigate the key aspects of the impact of corporate governance and shareholder capital structure on corporate social responsibility in the Western Balkans, including Kosovo, given the special challenges of transition economies and international support. The research methodology included a quantitative empirical analysis based on a structured survey among companies in various sectors of the Kosovo economy, which allowed assessing governance practices and corporate social responsibility. In addition, econometric methods were used to identify the impact of board independence and capital concentration on corporate social responsibility. The main results of the study indicated a significant positive impact of board independence on companies’ social investments, in particular, due to increased management transparency and reduced risks of corruption. It was found that companies with a distributed shareholding structure tend to engage in long-term social projects, while companies with high ownership concentration are more likely to focus on shortterm initiatives. International partners, including the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Finance Corporation, play a pivotal role in ensuring transparent management standards, supporting Kosovo’s integration into the global economic system. The study also showed that banks and energy companies in Kosovo are actively implementing environmental standards as an integral part of their corporate social responsibility strategies. The findings confirm the importance of balanced corporate governance and international support for the long-term sustainability of companies in the region
No clinical superiority of bi-cruciate retaining versus posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty at two years follow-up
Authors: KYRIAKIDIS T , HERNIGOU J , PITSILOS C , VERDONK R , KOULALIS D
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of two groups of patients subject to bi-cruciate retaining (BCR) or posterior-stabilized (PS) implants. It was hypothesized that patients treated with BCR prostheses would present higher flexion and better clinical and functional results than those treated with PS implants. This prospective study included thirty-two patients treated for primary knee osteoarthritis and assigned to two matched groups for their demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Those with functioning cruciate ligaments received bi- cruciate retaining prostheses. In the case of ligaments’ insufficiency, the posterior-stabilised design was selected. The primary outcome was knee flexion, and secondary outcomes included the patient’s reported outcomes as recorded by the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire, visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, treatment- related complications, and surgical time. Complete data were recorded for all patients with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. This study found a statistically significant improvement in all the analysed clinical and functional assessment tools from baseline to the latest follow-up (p<0.05) for both groups. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. Furthermore, bi-cruciate retaining design is surgical time. There was no evidence of clinical superiority of bi-cruciate retaining compared to posterior stabilized knee implants. Therefore, further randomized studies with more participants and a longer follow-up on comparing bi-cruciate retaining and posterior stabilized implants in primary knee osteoarthritis could be rewarding.
Risk factors and complications in surgical management of proximal humeral fractures: a retrospective analysis of 132 cases
Authors: PIERRET F , MANON J , CORNU O , MUNDAMA M , AYONG S , COQUAY J
Published: January 2025

Proximal humeral fractures (PHF), ranking as the third most common osteoporotic fractures, pose a significant challenge in management. With a rising incidence in an aging population, controversy surrounds surgical versus nonoperative treatments, particularly for displaced 3- and 4-part fractures in older patients. Locking plates (LP) and proximal intramedullary nails (PHN) are primary choices for surgical intervention, but both methods entail complications. This retrospective study of 132 patients undergoing surgery for PHF (LP or PHN) aims to identify risk factors for postoperative complications. Results reveal a 31% complication rate, including secondary loss of reduction (17%) and intra-articular screw penetration (13%). Alcohol abuse emerges as the sole patient characteristic linked to complications. Non-anatomical surgical reduction, calcar comminution, and humeral shaft displacement over 10 mm also contribute to increased risks. LP and PHN show comparable complication rates, aligning with existing literature. The study underscores the pivotal role of achieving anatomical surgical reduction in minimizing complications. Surgical technique, fracture pattern, and patient characteristics significantly influence outcomes. Notably, alcohol abuse surfaces as a critical risk factor. The findings emphasize the importance of a nuanced approach to PHF management, tailoring interventions based on fracture characteristics and patient factors. Future research should explore these aspects, particularly in younger patient populations, to enrich our understanding of surgical outcomes in diverse age groups.
Outcome, severity of injury and length of sick leave after an ankle fracture: an observational register study
Authors: JUTO H , HULTIN M , MÖLLER M , MORBERG P
Published: January 2025

There is a lack in understanding the reasons for different lengths of sick leave in patients who sustain ankle fractures. The aim of this study is to examine variations in the length of sick leave in ankle fracture patients and how treatment, type of ankle fracture and the patient-reported outcome are associated with the length of sick leave. In this study were data from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) and the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR), combined. Patients who sustained an ankle fracture were identified and the length of the sick leave calculated. Variables associated to the length of the sick leave were analysed. Fifty-three percent of the patients were on sick leave for an average of 88 days. Factors that were associated with the length of sick leave were an open fracture, operative treatment, multiple treatments, AO/OTA classification, and previous sick leave. Patients on sick leave for 22 weeks or more scored 15 points (CI 95% 12-18) worse on the dysfunction index of the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment in the 1-year follow-up compared to the pre- injury survey. This can be compared to 3 points (CI 95% 2-5) lower in patients with the shortest sick leave. There is an association between the severity of the injury and the length of sick leave following an ankle fracture, as well as between the patient-reported outcome after one year and the length of the sick leave.
Prevalence of elevated LDL-C levels in men and women aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk
Authors: Spiridonov A. N. , Kashtanova E. V. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Shakhtshneider E. V. , Denisova D. V.
Published: January 2025

The research is devoted to studying the prevalence of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) hypercholesterolemia in the population of 25–44 years old in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of a population sample of Novosibirsk residents aged 25–44 years old, formed in the period 2013-2017 at RITPM – branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. This study included 1457 people (663 men, 794 women). The content of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose was determined in the blood serum. Results. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in men and women in the age range from 25–44 years in Novosibirsk was 55.1 %, that is more than half of the total number of participants in the study. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia among men exceeds that of women and the difference is statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions. The identified differences between groups of men and women with different levels of LDL cholesterol indicate the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to reduce risks of cardiovascular diseases.
A case of surgical treatment of carotid artery aneurysm in a patient with aneurysmatic aortic disease
Authors: Shlomin V. V. , Kasyanov I. V. , Bondarenko P. B. , Nikolaeva S. V. , Puzdryak P. D. , Sleptsov P. A. , Chizhova K. A.
Published: January 2025

A clinical case of surgical treatment of an extracranial internal carotid artery aneurysm of type II according to N. Attigah of a patient with multiple aortic aneurysms 14 years after a previous resection of an infrarenal aortic aneurysm with aorto-femoral bifurcation replacement in 2004 is presented. In 2005, due to infection of the right branch of the prosthesis, a right prosthetic-femoral bypass was performed. Subsequently, examination revealed an aneurysm of the arch and thoracoabdominal aorta of Crauford type III. This case shows the need for constant follow-up of patients after open surgical treatment of aortic aneurysms.