bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting HPV Vaccination Against Cervical Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Framework for Budget Impact Analysis and Case Study in China
Authors: Li Yi , Chai Peipei , Liu Bingjie , Zhou Liangru , Zhang Xin
Published: March 2024

Background
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is an effective preventive measure against cervical cancer. Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) burdened with a high incidence have not implemented National Immunization Programs (NIP) of HPV vaccines. In the context of limited resources, the economic evidence provided by Budget Impact Analysis (BIA) becomes crucial for the inclusion of vaccines in the NIP. Unfortunately, the main issue contributing to insufficient evidence in LMICs may be that LMICs do not have a complete, referenced, and standardized BIA framework for HPV vaccines to conduct their analyses. This study establishes a BIA framework to promote the immunization of HPV vaccine in LMICs and provides a case study in China.
Methods
BIA framework for introducing vaccines into immunization programs was developed following the principles of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. The case study of China estimated the impact of HPV vaccination on BMIS fund in 2019–2110. It postulated differing reimbursement rates and market substitution rates for imported and domestically produced bivalent HPV vaccines. Parameters were derived from public sources, published literature, and a database of field surveys on treatment costs for patients of cervical cancer in China. Outcome indicators encompassed the incidence of cervical cancer, treatment costs of cervical cancer, vaccination costs, and etc.
Results
The framework consisted of three parts: target population, BIA, and uncertainty analysis, with three scenarios based on vaccine prices and reimbursement rates. In the case of China, without immunization program, the average yearly spent on cervical cancer treatment throughout the country amounts to $6,736,507.32. Upon the execution of the immunization program, this expenditure reduced to $6,645,564.95 each year. Under Scenario 1–3, the BMIS vaccine reimbursement costs were $93,769,903.10, $67,390,961.06, and $88,374,244.91, respectively. During the NIP implementation period, annual vaccination costs range between 0.06 to 0.46 parts per million of current fund expenditure and 0.40 and 2.25 parts per million of current fund balance.
Conclusions
This study has developed a BIA framework for HPV vaccination, aiming to provide a reference for policy formulation in other LMICs with a high burden of cervical cancer that have not yet included the vaccine in their NIPs.
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Adherence among Soldiers on HIV Antiretroviral Therapy at a General Military Hospital in Uganda
Authors: Moses Sabila , Mupeere Ezekiel , Nangendo Joan , Semitala Fred , Kalyango Joan , Chemonges Saul , Muwanguzi Patience , Katamba Achilles
Published: March 2024

Uganda has a heavy double burden of tuberculosis (TB) and currently ranks among the seven 9 highest TB-affected countries globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 10 isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for treating latent TB. However, the adherence to IPT in 11 military settings has not been well documented in Uganda. 12 We conducted a cross-sectional study among 300 HIV-positive patients receiving 13 antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the General Military Hospital in Uganda. The Consecutive 14 sampling method was used to select clients and a modified Poisson regression model of 15 family Poisson and link log with robust standard errors to adjust for overinflated variances 16 was used for analysis.
Among the 300 clients, the prevalence of IPT was 94.7%, 95% CI: 92.1-97.2; adherence to 18 IPT was associated with being aged ≥ 50 years, with a prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.061 and 19 95% CI: 1.01-1.12; being married, with a PR of 1.438, 95% CI:1.12-1.84; having social 20 support, with a PR of 1.498, 95% CI: 1.17-1.92; and having social support played a significant 21 role in IPT adherence among married participants, with a PR of 0.817, 95% CI: 0.72-0.93. 22 There is a need for strategies to improve access to, retention of and adherence to IPT for 23 young soldiers. Additionally, advocating for social support and behavioural interventions is recognized as a crucial requirement for improving IPT adherence among soldiers living with 25 HIV. More research is needed to explore the role of social support in reducing the social 26 stigma associated with HIV-positive individuals. The findings from this study suggest a 27 necessity to boost IPT adherence among married participants living with HIV, and the model 28 could be applied in other resource-constrained and low-middle-income countries.
Degree of Physical activity during pregnancy and pregnancy related complication
Authors: Hailu Molla , Amare Natnael , Tunta Abayneh , Seyoum Zeru
Published: March 2024

Background: Even though motherhood is a positive and enjoyable experience, it is also a vulnerable period that can be accompanied by various complications. Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus are of the most significant contributors to these complications. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to assess if the of degree of physical activities during pregnancy has impact on the development of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 150 women who gave birth from November 2021 to February 2022 at MTUTH, Ethiopia. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, linear regression, chi-square, and t-test were conducted to check the presence of any association between the dependent and independent variables. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: Among the total study participant, 65(43.3%) and 85(56.7%) of them were engaged in vigorous physical activities and light physical activities during pregnancy, respectively. From these study participants 62 (41.3%) of them had pregnancy related complication. It was found that women who engaged in vigorous physical activity had a lower proportion of complications (17.74%) compared to those who engaged in light physical activity (82.26%). This difference was statistically significant (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that pregnancy related complication, specifically HDP and GDM, was low in women who had vigorous physical activities during pregnancy as compared to those that have sedentary life style or engaged in light physical activities.
Simple imaging system for label-free identification of bacterial pathogens in resource-limited settings
Authors: Clément DOUARRE , Dylan DAVID , Marco FANGAZIO , Emmanuel PICARD , Emmanuel HADJI , Olivier VANDENBERG , Barbara BARBE , Liselotte HARDY , R. MARCOUX Pierre
Published: March 2024

Fast, accurate and affordable bacterial identification methods are paramount for timely treatment of infections, especially in resource-limited settings (RLS). However, today only 1.3% of the sub-Saharan African diagnostic laboratories are performing clinical bacteriology. To improve this, diagnostic tools in RLS should be simple, affordable and maintenance-friendly, in contrast with the expensive machinery used in high-income countries for identification, such as such as Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). We present a new high-throughput approach based on a simple wide field (864 mm2) lensless imaging system allowing for the acquisition of a large portion of a Petri dish coupled with a supervised deep learning algorithm for identification at the bacterial colony scale. This wide-field imaging system is particularly well suited to RLS since it includes neither moving mechanical parts nor optics. We validated the approach by acquiring a dataset of clinical isolates: 257 isolates from five species among the most frequent pathogens were grown from samples of various types. Resulting optical morphotypes showed variability, including within the same species: a configuration much closer to field clinical settings than focusing only on reference strains. Despite this variability, high identification performance was achieved: the correct identification rate at the species level was 91.7%. These results open up some new prospects for identification in RLS.
OER-Kompetenzen für Hochschullehrende – Evaluierungsergebnisse einer nationalen Qualifizierungsmaßnahme
Authors: Neuböck Kristina , Kopp Michael
Published: March 2024

Zum Erwerb von OER-Kompetenzen braucht es zertifizierte Weiterbildungsangebote, deren didaktisches Konzept sowohl die selbstständige Wissensaneignung als auch betreute Kursphasen und eine hohe Praxisorientierung umfasst. Die Evaluationsergebnisse zeigen, dass neben Lernvideos insbesondere die kollaborative Bearbeitung von Arbeitsaufträgen und der diskursive Austausch in synchronen Kurseinheiten die Erreichung klar formulierter Lernziele unterstützen. Aus der Evaluation geht zudem hervor, dass ein Abschlusszertifikat motivierend wirkt, aber auch, dass die mit der Weiterbildung verbundene Workload als belastend empfunden wird.
Empowering Future Educators: Tailored Interventions and Digital Competency Development in Teacher Education
Authors: Wohlfart Olivia , Wagner Ingo
Published: March 2024

Diese Studie untersucht die Selbsteinschätzung von Lehramtsstudierenden hinsichtlich ihres Technologisch-Pädagogischen-Fach-Wissens (TPACK) sowie der Auswirkungen maßgeschneiderter Kurse innerhalb ihres Lehramtsstudiums auf diese Einschätzung (pre: n=230, post: n=122). Die Studie zeigt wesentliche Verbesserungen in der Wahrnehmung des TPACK der Studierenden nach der Teilnahme an diesen Kursen auf und betont die praktische Anwendung digitaler Medien im Studium. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit, theoretisches Wissen mit der Anwendung in der realen Welt in Einklang zu bringen, was für effektive Lehrpraktiken in der digitalen Welt entscheidend ist.
Vreiraum – ein interdisziplinärer Makerspace in der Hochschullehre im Spiegel der Future Skills
Authors: Prote Lisann , Brendel Nina , Tschiersch Anja
Published: March 2024

Hochschullehre benötigt neuartige Konzepte, um Studierenden Kompetenzen für eine Arbeitswelt im Zeitalter der Digitalität zu vermitteln. Dies gilt vor allem für Lehramtsstudierende, die diese Kompetenzen bei Schüler:innen diagnostizieren und fördern sollen – fachspezifisch sowie fächerübergreifend. Im Projekt VReiraum wurde daher ein interdisziplinärer Makerspace für die Hochschullehre entwickelt, in dem Lehramtsstudierende in Kollaboration von sechs Fächern Kompetenzen im Umgang mit Virtual und Augmented Reality erlangen sollten. Diese Technologien sind bereits Teil der Lebenswelt von Kindern und Jugendlichen und gewinnen auch im Unterricht zunehmend an Bedeutung. Der Artikel diskutiert Gelingensbedingungen für diesen Entwicklungsansatz in der Hochschullehre und beleuchtet die empirischen Erkenntnisse vor dem Hintergrund der Future Skills.
Potential uses of sprouted pea seeds with separated sprouts in food production
Authors: Matveev Yu. I. , Averyanova E. V.
Published: March 2024

In the process of sprout formation, a seed undergoes a number of biochemical transformations, forming intermediate metabolites of macromolecules that offer biological activity, higher solubility and bioavailability, which are attractive for use in various food processing applications. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the properties of the product that remains following the separation of sprouts from sprouted pea seeds, as well as investigating the possibility of its use in food production. As the objects of the study, data on the germination time,content, structure and depth of proteolysis of legumin pea protein were considered on the example of Temp, Sofia, and Spartak varieties. The composition of the decomposition products of legumin following the separation of the sprout is mainly determined by the decomposition products of the protein edges. According to the calculated dependence based on the structural characteristics of the legumin protein and the direction of its proteolysis, a sprout formation time equal to 98 hours was determined, which corresponds to the experimental data (96 hours). The product obtained from sprouted pea seeds following the separation of sprouts differs significantly in protein and peptide content from flour obtained from ripe peas. This is due not only to the hydrolysis of starch, but also to the step-by-step hydrolysis of protein, which leads to an increase in the content of short-chain peptides, increasing the solubility of the protein component of the flour, but also requiring appropriate correction of their concentration when used as additives to various food products, especially in terms of liquid consistency.
Effect of copper ions on the composition of phytosterols of the vacuolar membrane of Beta vulgaris L.
Authors: Spiridonona E. V. , Kapustina I. S. , Gurina V. V. , Semyonova N.  V. , Ozolina N. V.
Published: March 2024

The study set out to investigate the effect of different concentrations of copper ions on the composition of phytosterols of the vacuolar membrane (tonoplast) of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). To characterise the stress caused by the action of copper ions, a conductometric study of the permeability of cell membranes and the level of lipid peroxidation was carried out. The results demonstrate an increase in these indicators in beetroot tissues. Among tonoplast phytosterols, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, and cholesterol were studied. In cell membranes, these phytosterols perform a structural function, contributing to lipid microdomain formation, influencing plant growth and development, and participating in plant responses to stress. The study of the effect of copper ions on tonoplast phytosterols showed most of them to be occupied by the free form. In the presence of 100 μM copper, a significant increase in campesterol content was detected. The ratio of stigmasterol/β-sitosterol and 24-methyl-/ ethylsterol, which may influence the stress response of plants, is an important indicator of plant membrane health. The observed increases in the ratios of stigmasterol/β-sitosterol and 24-methyl-/ethylsterols can be explained in terms of mechanisms for regulating the functioning of the tonoplast under stress caused by copper ions. Thus, the obtained results may indicate the participation of cell membranes, including tonoplast, in the mechanisms of adaptation of beetroot tissue cells to stress caused by copper ions.
Carotenoids: Overview of the main methods and conditions of their preparation
Authors: Yaderets V. V. , Karpova N. V. , Glagoleva E. V. , Petrova K. S. , Shibaeva A. S. , Dzhavakhiya V. V.
Published: March 2024

Carotenoids represent a group of isoprenoid pigments whose high biological activity is not limited to their provitamin properties. Due to their ability to participate in redox reactions, carotenes are increasingly considered as promising compounds in the prevention and correction of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as in oncology and the treatment of various other diseases. Carotenoids are widely used in the manufacture 

of food additives and dyes, feed for aquaculture, farm animals and poultry, as well as in so-called nutraceuticals and cosmetics. When formulating optimal feeding rations, vitamin A nutrition is often considered separately due to its vital role in normal growth, development, maintenance and reproduction. The main precursor of vitamin A is β-carotene, which naturally enters the body exclusively via vegetable-based provender. However, since the carotene contained in plant raw materials is an unstable compound, the use of feed additives containing β-carotene becomes relevant. In industry, carotenoids can be produced either by chemical or biological synthesis. However, the majority of carotenoids – 80–90% – are obtained by chemical synthesis. At the same time, public demand for sustainable production dictates the need to find alternative approaches for obtaining this valuable commodity. The article provides an overview of the main biotechnological methods for the production of carotenes using various microorganisms, including microalgae, bacteria and fungi, as well as analysing the effect of culture conditions on the yield of target pigments.
Mechanisms of fluid degassing in shallow magma chambers control the formation of porphyry deposits
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Zheng Yuanchuan , Xu Bo , Hou Zengqian , Shen Yang , Zhang Aiping , Wang Lu , Wu Changda , Guo Qingfeng
Published: March 2024

Magmatic fluid degassing within shallow magma chambers underneath the ore bodies is critical to the formation of porphyry Cu-Au deposits (PCDs). Yet, it remains unclear how the fluid degassing influences the development of PCDs. Here, geochemical data of apatite, amphibole, and plagioclase from ore-bearing and coeval barren porphyries have been analyzed in Sanjiang metallogenic belt, China. The ore-bearing porphyries normally exhibit high and wide XF/XCl (31.76–548.12) and XF/XOH (0.779–7.370) ratios of apatites, which are evidently higher than those of the barren porphyries (XF/XCl of 1.03–26.58; XF/XOH of 0.686–3.602). Combined with the continuous variation features of Cl/OH ratios and H2O contents of melts calculated by amphiboles, as well as fluid migration models, we constrained the mechanisms of fluid degassing within shallow magma chambers underneath PCDs. There are three different ways of fluid degassing, while only fluid degassing via fluid channel stage can migrate and focus the metal-rich fluids effectively, conducive to the development of PCDs. The mechanisms of magmatic fluid degassing processes are further controlled by the storage depths of magma chambers and initial H2O contents of the magmas revealed by the compositions of amphibole, plagioclase, and thermodynamic modeling. Magmas with shallower storage depths and higher initial H2O contents are more likely to experience extensive and focused fluid degassing, leading to the generation of PCDs. This study demonstrates the potential utility of integrated mineral analyses and thermodynamic modeling for investigating the mechanisms of magmatic fluid degassing in porphyry systems, as well as for identifying prospective buried PCDs.
Ophthalmological complications of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Clinical cases
Authors: Latypova E. A. , Zagidullina A. Sh. , Mukhamadeev T. R. , Gizatullina M. A. , Yamlikhanov A. G. , Khairullina G. F.
Published: March 2024

The outcomes and complications of the coronavirus infection are of interest to specialists in many fields of medicine, including ophthalmologists.

Purpose: to analyze the clinical features of ophthalmic complications in patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19.

Materials and methods. Four patients aged 37 to 70 years with ophthalmic inflammatory complications with coronavirus infection were examined and treated.

Results. In 2 cases, eye damage was observed in the acute phase of COVID infection. It included deep keratitis, iridocyclitis, and exacerbation of rhinosinusitis complicated by osteomyelitis, orbital phlegmon with loss of vision. In the remaining 2 cases, in the post-COVID period (2 and 5 months after the disease, respectively), acute dacryoadenitis with the dry eye syndrome and subacute episcleritis was observed. In addition to anti-COVID therapy, all patients underwent specific ophthalmic therapy, which in 1 case included surgical intervention.

Conclusion. The cases presented demonstrate eye damage against the background of coronavirus infection with the involvement of various eye structures into the inflammatory process. The ophthalmological manifestations were severe, with complications in the acute phase of COVID and in the early post-COVID period. Clinical observations indicate the need for additional specific therapy of coronavirus infection complications, along with the basic anti-COVID treatment.
Momordica Charantina Ekstraktının Amfotericin B ve Miltefosin İlaç Kombinasyonları ile Leishmania Parazitleri Üzerindeki Sitotoksik Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Kelleci Kübra , Ihlamur Murat , Özkan Melisa , Abamor Emrah Şefik
Published: March 2024

Leishmaniasis, Leishmania parazitlerinin neden olduğu tropikal bir hastalıktır. Halk arasında “kala-azar” olarak bilinen, hastalığın en ölümcül formu olan viserial leishmaniasise (VL) L. infantum’un neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Piyasada hali hazırda antileishmanial ajanlar mevcuttur, ancak bu kemoterapötik ajanların toksisitelerinin ve yan etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Şifalı bitkiler ve onların ekstraktlarına olan ilgi, yan etkilerinin yok denecek kadar az olmasıyla her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada leishmaniasise yönelik etkin bir ilaç formülasyonu geliştirmek için, zengin kimyasal içeriğe sahip, anti-leishmanial özellik sergileyen kudret narı (Momordica charantina) özütleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada kudret narı ekstraktları tek başına ve farklı antileishmanial ilaçlarla (Amfoterisin B ve miltefosin) kombine edilerek RAW 264.7 makrofaj hücrelerinde sitotoksik etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca elde edilen ekstrakt-ilaç formülasyonlarının L. infantum parazit hücreleri üzerindeki öldürücü etkinliği de MTT analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre ekstraktın tek başına toksik etkisinin olmadığı, ilaçla kombine edildiği zaman doğal immün sistem hücreleri üzerinde ilacın toksik etkisini azalttığı, leishmania parazitleri üzerinde ise sitotoksik etkisini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların VL karşı tedavi yaklaşımının geliştirilmesine yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi ile Mersin-Gaziantep Yüksek Hızlı Tren Hattı için İstasyon Yeri Seçimi
Authors: Kalan Olcay
Published: March 2024

Ülkemizde demiryolu sistem ağının genişletilmesi fikri ile çok fazla yüksek hızlı tren projesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aynı zamanda şuan yapım aşamasında olan ve üzerinde çalışılan birçok demiryolu projesi bulunmaktadır. Yüksek hızlı trenler (YHT), yolcu kapasitesinin yüksek olması, kısa süre yolculuk yapabilme imkânı vermesi, emniyetli, konforlu ve verimli bir ulaşım türü olması nedeniyle son dönemde dünyanın birçok ülkesinde ve ülkemizde trafik yükünü azaltmanın ana araçlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Bu çerçevede yüksek hızlı tren hatlarından biri olan Mersin-Gaziantep yüksek hızlı tren hattının yapımına devam edilmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, hattın kullanılabilirliğini arttırmak için bu proje kapsamında Adana-Mersin arasında yeni inşa edilecek 2 yeni demiryolu için istasyonların önem sırasının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İlk olarak en uygun istasyon seçimi için değerlendirme ölçütleri tanımlanmış, daha sonra Mersin-Adana arasındaki tren hattında belirlenen istasyonlar alternatif istasyon yerleri olarak ölçütlere göre değerlendirilmiştir. İstasyon konumlarını değerlendirmek için Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) kullanılmış ve belirlenen lokasyonların önem sırası ortaya konmuştur.
A Case Study of Nelder Mead Simplex Optimization Algorithm: Trade-Offs of Sprienski Fractal Bowtie Antenna Parameters
Authors: Gençoğlan Duygu Nazan
Published: March 2024

In this study, tri-band antenna design adapted for wireless communication, Internet of Things (IoT) and RFID systems is examined. The simulation results indicate that the proposed antenna has three distinct frequency bands. Band 1 (lower band) covers the frequency range of 1.64-1.78 GHz with a resonance frequency of 1.7 GHz. Band 2 covers the range of 3.06-3.9 GHz with a resonance frequency of 3.4 GHz with a high gain of 10 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 92% for long-range communication. Band 3 radiates from 6.25 to 7.6 GHz with a resonance frequency of 6.62 GHz, which is suitable for higher-frequency applications. The antenna design is simulated and analyzed regarding S11, VSWR, gain, radiation efficiency, and bandwidth. Especially, Band 2 (mid-band) provides notable performance, with its 10 dBi gain and 92% efficiency, which makes the proposed antenna an ideal structure for high-data-rate, long-distance communication systems, and 5G (midband) applications. This study also employs the Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm to observe the optimization of the physical parameters of the proposed antenna via multiple objective functions. The optimization results outlines that longer the arm length of the proposed antenna causes to decrease the resonance frequency of Band 3. Addition to this, the gain is higher with the lower arm length except for the arm length of 90.467 mm and flare angle of 64.77o. That’s, the trade-off condition occurs between minimum return loss and gain. At this point, it can be concluded from this optimization algorithm results that each objective function should be evaluated separately due to this trade-off condition.
Examining the Effects of a Flood Event in the Lower Ceyhan Basin in 1980 Using Historical Satellite Data
Authors: Güvel Şerife , Akgül Mehmet Ali , Yurtal Recep
Published: March 2024

Analysis of past flood events contributes forecasting of effects of future flood events. Flood maps have been created in order to assess flood hazards in planning projects and to identify flood-inundated regions with flood damage following flood occurrences. Flood mapping in the context of flood monitoring enables development of flood management strategies to protect life and property. Although conventional terrestrial observations and measurements in flood control have been constrained by topographical and meteorological circumstances, remote sensing provides decision support with quick analysis capability. The flood event that occurred in the Lower Ceyhan Basin of Turkey in 1980 was examined in this work utilizing satellite-based remote sensing techniques, and flood inundation areas were calculated using NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index). As a result, it was determined that 3493.45 ha in the north of Karataş in the Lower Ceyhan Plain, 7799.42 ha between Bahçe, Akdeniz, and Yumurtalık, 7404.9 ha around Çatalpınar and Yakapınar in the Lower Ceyhan Plain, and approximately 24890 ha in the Upper Ceyhan were affected by the flood event in 1980.
Uzak Kule Merkezi ile Kontrol Edilen Havalimanlarında Bulanık Mantık Tabanlı Uçak İniş Öncelik Sıralaması
Authors: Doğan Hatice , Yıldırım Dalkıran Fatma
Published: March 2024

Hava taşımacılığı, bilinen en güvenli ve emniyetli ulaşım şeklidir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda hava taşımacılığında meydana gelen kazaların büyük bir yüzdesinin yaklaşma safhasında meydana geldiği görülmüştür. İncelenen çalışmalarda hava trafik kontrolörlerinin iş yükünün ve stresinin arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Trafik kontrolörlerinin iş yükünü azaltmak ve stresi dengelemek konuları araştırmacılara yeni çalışma sahaları açmıştır. Bu sahalardan biri olan uzak kule merkezi çalışmaları, kule çalışanlarının fazla iş yükü dahil hava trafiği kontrolü problemlerine çözüm olarak sunulmuştur. Günümüzde maliyet ve emniyet açısından da büyük avantajlar sağlayacağı düşünülen uzak kule merkezi üzerinde çalışmalar halen devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada uzak kule merkezinden kontrol edilen havalimanlarına iniş için yaklaşmakta olan uçaklara iniş önceliği verilmesi için bulanık mantık tabanlı karar destek sistemi oluşturulmuştur. Bu sistem için havalimanlarının ortalama günlük uçuş sayısı, havalimanı karar yüksekliği ve yaklaşma aşamasındaki uçağın hızı ve irtifası, girdi parametreleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Oluşturulan bulanık mantık modellemesinde MATLAB/FIS arayüzü kullanılmıştır. Bu arayüz kullanılarak uzak kule merkezi tarafından kontrol edilen havalimanlarına yaklaşmakta olan uçaklar için iniş sıralaması belirlenmiştir.
Ilgın Linyit Kömürünün Yağ Aglomerasyonunun Ultrasonik Proses ile İyileştirilmesi
Authors: Eşmeli Kiraz
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada, ultrasonik sistemin ılgın linyit kömürünün yağ aglomerasyonu üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Ultrasonik cihazının uygulanma güç değerleri ve süresinin kömür süspansiyonunun kül içeriği ve yanabilir verim değerleri üzerindeki etkisi belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda ultrasonik sistemin güç değerinin artması kül değerleri üzerinde olumlu bir etki yaratırken, yanabilir verim değerlerini ise negatif yönde etkilemiştir. Kül içeriğindeki azalma ultrasonik cihazın kavitasyon etkisine bağlanırken, yanabilir verimdeki azalma ultrasonik cihazın kömür yüzeylerinde yarattığı değişime bağlanmıştır. Ayrıca, ultrasonik cihazın belirli bir sürelerde uygulanması (1-3 dakika) kül içeriğini azaltmış, yanabilir verim değerlerini artırmıştır. En iyi sonuçlar ultrasonik işlemin 90 Watt güç değerinde ve 3 dakika uygulanma süresi ile elde edilmiştir. Optimum koşullar altında, geleneksel deneylerde %55,59 verimlilikle %18,39 kül içeriğine sahip kömür elde edilirken, ultrason ön işlemiyle%10,02 kül içeriğine sahip kömür %64,59 verimlilikle elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, ultrasonik ön işlemin ince taneli kömürün zenginleştirilmesinde etkili bir yöntem olabileceğini göstermiştir.
Depolama Entegreli Dağıtım Sistemlerinin Ekonomik Optimizasyonu
Authors: Avli Fırış Fatma , Karadöl İsrafil , Keçecioğlu Ö. Fatih
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, aktif bir elektrik dağıtım sistemine bir enerji depolama sisteminin dâhil edilmesiyle gün öncesi ve gün içi elektrik piyasalarında gerçekleştirilecek enerji alışverişinde ekonomik optimizasyonu sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla geliştirilen iki aşamalı stokastik programlama problem, Genel Cebirsel Modelleme Sistemi (GAMS) aracılığıyla Karma Tamsayılı Doğrusal Programlama (MILP) ile formüle edilmiş ve CPLEX çözücüsü ile çözülmüştür. Modellemedeki belirsiz parametreler, Monte Carlo Simülasyonu ile ele alınarak bu yönde senaryo seçimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önerilen modelin doğruluğunu ve etkinliğini teyit etmek için, ele alınan dağıtım sisteminin seçili bir pilot fideri üzerinde ve gerçek verilerle simülasyon çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Simülasyon çalışmalarında ele alınan işletme maliyetleri, şebekede enerji depolama kullanılıp kullanılmadığı durumlarda ayrı olarak hesaplanarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Edinilen sonuçlara göre, şebekeye enerji depolama sistemi entegre edildiği durumlarda, depolama sisteminin hiç bulunmadığı durumlara göre günlük ortalama işletme 600 doları aşkın bir düşüş gözlenmiştir. Böylelikle, önerilen modelin elektrik dağıtım sisteminin ekonomik işletimini desteklemeyi etkin bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebileceği de doğrulanmıştır.
The Use of the Hıngedan (Ferula pseudalliacea) in the Production of Functional Gluten-Free Biscuits
Authors: Özçelik Sezen , Gör Rojbin
Published: March 2024

In our study, gluten-free biscuits were produced to treat celiac disease using F. pseudalliacae Rech. f. plant at 5%, 10%, and 15% ratios. The physical, chemical, and sensory properties of the created biscuits were examined. In the research analyses, as the addition ratio of F. pseudalliacea increased, the diameter values varied between 30.90 to 61.59 mm, and thickness ranged from 13.42 to 13.83 mm. A decrease in cooking loss, textural properties, L* and b* values was observed, while an increase was determined in moisture, spread ratio, specific volume, and a* values. In the sensory analysis, data results of the biscuits presented to the panellists indicated that, in terms of overall liking, the product with 5% F. pseudalliacae addition received the closest preference to the control group, suggesting that the 5% F. pseudalliacae-supplemented biscuit did not have a negative impact as stated by the panelists. Based on the evaluations and analyses, the substitution of F. pseudalliacae in gluten-free biscuit production was seen as an important result in terms of offering an alternative and acceptability.
Climbing with Robots: A Second Order Controller Design for Accurate Wheel Motion Positioning
Authors: Yaşar Claudia Fernanda
Published: March 2024

Climbing robots have become increasingly important for applications such as inspection, maintenance, and search and rescue in complex environments. This study presents studies on the design of a climbing robotic prototype that utilizes magnetic wheels for wall attachment and model-based control using algebraic second-order regulators for robust, accurate and fast positioning. The control approach uses the dynamics of the driving system with DC motors subject to high disturbance, including real physical constraints such as Coulomb friction, magnetic forces, and gravity. This controller uses pre-generated soft inputs in the form of high-order Bezier curves to reduce stall motor torques. Simulations of the robotic system's dynamic models were conducted using MATLAB, and experimental validation of the model-based control method was performed. The study validates the use of algebraic second-order controllers for monophasic DC motors to control the positioning of a climbing system subjected to high perturbations.
Kuru Derelerde Taşkın Risk Analizi; Kebendibi Deresi Örneği
Authors: Altın Gözde , Taşkın Saygın , Yurtal Recep , Aköz Mevlüt Sami
Published: March 2024

Taşkın risk analizi için çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Taşkın risk analizi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar coğrafi bilgi sistemleri üzerine odaklanmıştır. Taşkın riskinin belirlenmesi genellikle açık kanal hesaplamasına dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Hec-Ras paket programı ile tek boyutlu analiz yapılmıştır. Kebendibi Nehri alt havzasındaki taşkın risk analizinin sonuçları sunulmuştur. Raster veriler Netcad programı kullanılarak Mersin ilinin sayısal haritalarından elde edilmiş ve Hec-Ras programında analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları taşkın risk haritalarının oluşturulmasında kullanılmıştır.
Türkiye’deki Depreme Dayanıklı Betonarme Çerçeveli Bina Tasarımına Retrospektif Bir Bakış
Authors: Aldemir Alper , Erdil Barış , Yücel Ömer Burak
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma, 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Pazarcık (Mw=7.7) ve Kahramanmaraş Elbistan (Mw=7.6) depremlerinin, depremlerden etkilenen yapı stokunun üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu maksatla, depremlerden en çok etkilenen illerden olan Hatay pilot il olarak seçilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, deprem yüklerinin tamamının çerçevelerle taşındığı dört katlı bir betonarme düzlem çerçeve, binaları temsilen ele alınmış olup, çerçeveyi oluşturan yapısal elemanlar (kolon ve kirişler) 1968, 1975, 1998 ve 2007 Deprem Yönetmelikleri ile 1975, 1984 ve 2000 betonarme standartlarına (TS500) uygun olarak tasarlanmıştır. Ardından; bu çerçevelerin sayısal modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Tasarlanan binalar Hatay ilindeki 11 farklı konumda tanımlanmıştır. Hatay ilinde seçilen farklı konumlar, kaydedilen yer hareketlerinin konumlar arası taşıma işlemine tabi tutulmaması için AFAD’a bağlı TADAS istasyonlarıyla aynı pozisyonda seçilmiştir. İvmeölçerlerden alınan 2×11 adet kayıt (Doğu-Batı ve Kuzey-Güney Yatay Bileşenleri) ayrı ayrı uygulanırken kaydedilen düşey ivmelerde numerik analizlerde dikkate alınmıştır. Her bir bina tipi için seçilen 11 farklı konum ve doğrultu dikkate alınarak, doğrusal olmayan zaman tanım alanında analizler yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında toplam 88 adet farklı bina tasarımı ve deprem senaryosu için, sismik performanslar elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, ülkemizde geçmiş yıllarda kullanılmış olan tasarım ve deprem yönetmeliklerine uygun olarak tasarlanmış betonarme çerçeveli orta yükseklikteki binaların sismik dayanımlarının Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremlerde yetersiz kaldığını ve göçme durumunun önlenmesinin mümkün olmadığını ortaya koymuştur.
Developing Methodological Tools to Estimate Efficiency of Research Organization Divisions
Authors: Grigoreva E. A.
Published: March 2024

Appraisal of any organization efficiency is an important element of detail studying the key indicators of business activity. As a rule such appraisal is based on the whole set of standard quantitative indices. Today there are no reliable methodological tools to estimate efficiency of research organization divisions, which could allow us to identify real problems and therefore to enhance their work. A lot of methods for estimating organization efficiency were proposed, however the majority of them do not take into account specific features of research organization and their division functioning. Due to this fact, we face the necessity to work out the system of key indicators, which could provide a general idea about the divisions’ standing and their possible problems and give an opportunity to control attaining the set goals. The author elaborated methodology of assessing the efficiency of research organization division work based on expert appraisal of indices of both quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Dynamics of Population Savings in Russia and Foreign Countries: Estimation and Forecast
Authors: Yartseva N. M. , Sedova N. V.
Published: March 2024

In conditions of geo-political instability in the Russian Federation the necessity to raise standard of living of the population became evident, thus it is needed to forecast dynamics of population savings, which is important for strategic decision-making on the federal level. In order to analyze and forecast the total volume of savings of the Russian population the authors worked out a system of factors that influence the object of forecasting. On the basis of factor analysis they elaborated scenario forecast of dynamics of savings of the population in the country and dynamics of consumer spending up to 2025, including basic, conservative and target variants of the forecast. The present research confirms the thesis of interaction between unstable economic situation and arising of barriers for savings, at the same time it demonstrates a number of current and future problems caused by economic uncertainty. The authors proposed steps aimed at elimination of negative trends in dynamics of population savings in Russia.
Factors Related to Maternal-fetal Attachment in Pregnant Mothers: An
Analytical Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mokhtari Fatemeh , Vakilian Katayon , Moslemi Azam , Shabani Fatemeh , Ebrahimi Azar
Published: March 2024

Aim::

The study investigated the relationship between Determining the Factors Related to Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Pregnant Mothers with
Maternal-Fetal Attachment.

Background::

Demographic policies in Iran emphasize population, fertility, and maternal health. Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) is a term used to describe
conditions that help the mother cope with the physiological changes during pregnancy. MFA contributes significantly to the future health of mother
and child. Thus, it is essential to identify the nature of maternal-fetal attachment during pregnancy, when women need to prepare for and adapt to
childbirth. The present study was conducted to determine the factors related to maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant mothers of Arak City.

Objectives::

The study investigated the relationship between obstetric-demographic factors, emotional intelligence, marital satisfaction, and domestic violence
with maternal-fetal attachment.

Methods::

The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 177 pregnant mothers with a gestational age of 37-40 who were referred to health centers in
Arak, Iran, for pregnancy care in 2022. Five questionnaires, including an obstetric-demographic questionnaire, Cranley's Standard Mother-Fetal
Attachment Scale, Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test, ENRICH marital satisfaction scale, and HITS domestic violence questionnaire,
were used to measure the factors related to maternal-fetal attachment. Data were analyzed using SPSS21 software and descriptive and analytical
statistics, including frequency distribution, Pearson correlation, t-test, Chi-square, Analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Multiple Logistic
Regression model.

Results::

The mean of age women and age of husbands was 29.07± 5.88 years and 32.93± 5.28 years, respectively. The mean maternal-fetal attachment
score was 88.12± 15.76. The mean of the emotional intelligence, the marital satisfaction and, the domestic violence was 4.71± 2.81, 121.88± 17.30,
37.86± 7.25, 6.54± 3.35, respectively. The interval between the current and the previous pregnancy had a range of 1-7 years and a mean of 4.71±
2.8 years.

:

There was a positive significant correlation between the maternal-fetal attachment score and the interval between the current and the previous
pregnancy (r=0.22, p=0.02),

:

There was a positive significant correlation between the maternal-fetal attachment score and the emotional intelligence (r=0.31, p=0.001) the
marital satisfaction (r=0.25, P=0.001). There was a negative significant correlation between the maternal-fetal attachment score and the domestic
violence (r=-0.26, p=0.001

Conclusion::

Identifying attachment-related factors helps the health staff carry out the necessary training and preventive measures to increase maternal-fetal
attachment, especially in high-risk parents who need more care.
Healthcare Workers’ Readiness for COVID-19 Vaccination Using Health Belief
Model
Authors: Verulava Tengiz , Verulava Nita
Published: March 2024

Objective::

Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination of medical personnel reduces the spread of infection the research aimed to evaluate healthcare professionals'
attitudes toward vaccination by the health belief model.

Methods::

A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used for the study.

Results::

Most medical personnel agreed to get the COVID-19 vaccination (84%; n=384). Medical workers over 45 (90%) showed more readiness for
vaccination. The main pushbacks against the vaccination included the development of a vaccine in a short period (n=56; 73.7%), fear of side
effects (n=49; 64.5%), lack of reliable information about vaccination (n=35; 46.1%), negative information spread by the media (n=26, 34.2%).
Recommendations by healthcare workers (63.9%), health authorities (73.1), media (70%), large number of people being vaccinated (72.6%), and
provision of trustworthy information (71.3%) facilitate vaccination.

Conclusion::

The high rate of COVID-19 vaccination among medical personnel shows that they have a high risk perception of infection. Among Health Belief
Model components, cues to actions were most important in willingness to carry out vaccination. Recommendations of the WHO and scientists
significantly influence the willingness to carry out vaccination. The regulatory responsibilities of the state and the public's trust in it play a crucial
role in raising the population's awareness about the vaccine.
A Brief Review Depending on the Chemistry of Isatin in Single Pot
Technique Towards the Construction of Significant and Valuable
Heterocyclic Scaffolds
Authors: Mondal Animesh
Published: March 2024

The term isatin and its derivative-based MCRs have emerged over the years as a versatile,
environment-friendly, and very promising platform for the construction of highly enabling bioactive
organic scaffolds such as drugs, natural products, pharmaceuticals etc. In the world of recent
advancements, the one-pot strategy based on isatin has come to the forefront of synthetic chemistry
for the activation of small organic molecules. This present survey touched on the chemistry of isatin
employed over the past decade to sketch and for the creation of various types of organic molecules
consisting of heterocyclic or spiro-heterocyclic skeletons via one-pot methodology.
Development of UV Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Imipramine
and Ferulic Acid in Bulk and Developed Freeze-Dried Mixed Micelles
Authors: Raj Naman Deep , Singh Dilpreet
Published: March 2024

Introduction::

A simple, precise, and sensitive UV spectrophotometric method was developed
to estimate Imipramine and Ferulic acid in bulk and polymeric micelles formulation. Moreover,
imipramine and ferulic acid showed maximum absorbance at 237 nm and 216 nm.

Methods:

The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, and ruggedness.
The detector response for the imipramine and ferulic acid was linear over the selected range of 2 to
12 μg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.996 and 0.997. The accuracy was 99.4 and 101.02%. The
precision (RSD) among six sample preparations was 0.68% and 0.85%. The method was validated as
per the ICH guidelines. A polymeric micelle formulation was developed containing Vitamin E TPGS
and F-127 as a surfactant and block co-polymer using different solvents. The optimized formulation
containing 40 mg of F-127 and 30 mg of TPGS yielded the desired attributes of the optimized formulation.

Results:

The optimized formulation was subjected to freeze-drying and yielded nanoparticulate size
and excellent flowability. In vitro, the release of both drugs from the polymeric micelles was evaluated
using dissolution, and multi-fold enhancement in release behavior was demonstrated compared to
pure drugs. Both drugs were simultaneously detected successfully with accuracy and precision in
bulk form and during in vitro analysis

Conclusion::

The developed method can be adopted in routine analysis of imipramine and ferulic acid
in bulk, and it involves relatively low-cost solvents with no complex extraction techniques.
Unmasking the Sentiments of People Towards Pandemic: Twitter Sentiment Analysis in RealTime
Authors: Kumar Varshney Pankaj , Sharma Neha , Bharara Vikas , Kumar Shrawan , Gupta Anitya
Published: March 2024

Social media provides a wealth of user-generated data, including ratings and
comments on various causes, products, diseases, and public policies. A new field of
text mining called sentiment analysis uses a variety of techniques to filter out people's
moods and emotions. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19
a pandemic, and people worldwide are fighting for their lives. As a result, people
experience various physical and mental problems such as fear, anxiety, irritability, and
unhappiness. This study uses sentiment analysis to examine how individuals feel about
the COVID-19 epidemic affecting Indians. Tweets were collected from January 2020
to March 2020. Data have been extracted from Twitter using TweepyAPI, and Numpy,
Pandas, and Matplotlib perform analysis based on subjectivity and polarity. Through an
automated system, we analyzed the tweets and categorized them into three categories:
positive, negative, and neutral. From our analysis, we discovered that initially, people
started putting negative tweets, but over time, people's sentiments changed to positive
and neutral comments. The results from the study concluded that initially, the situation
was terrible and tragic, but with time, people were able to handle the situation. They
got accustomed to a new lifestyle following measures to prevent infection from the
COVID-19 virus.