bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dugan Receives 2018 Asahiko Taira International Scientific Ocean Drilling Research Prize
Authors:   AGU
Published: January 2019

Brandon Dugan received the Asahiko Taira International Scientific Ocean Drilling Research Prize at the 2018 AGU Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, held 12 December 2018 in Washington, D. C. The prize recognizes an individual “for outstanding transdisciplinary research accomplishment in ocean drilling.”
Meta-analysis of expression and methylation signatures indicates a stress-related epigenetic mechanism in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Zhu Kaiyi , Ou Yang Tai-Hsien , Dorie Vincent , Zheng Tian , Anastassiou Dimitris
Published: January 2019

Similar environmental risk factors have been implicated in different neuropsychiatric disorders (including major psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases), indicating the existence of common epigenetic mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis shared by different illnesses. To investigate such commonality, we applied an unsupervised computational approach identifying several consensus co-expression and co-methylation signatures from a data cohort of postmortem prefrontal cortex (PFC) samples from individuals with six different neuropsychiatric disorders—schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, alcoholism, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s—as well as healthy controls. Among our results, we identified a pair of strongly interrelated co-expression and co-methylation (E–M) signatures showing consistent and significant disease association in multiple types of disorders. This E–M signature was enriched for interneuron markers, and we further demonstrated that it is unlikely for this enrichment to be due to varying subpopulation abundance of normal interneurons across samples. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis revealed overrepresentation of stress-related biological processes in this E–M signature. Our integrative analysis of expression and methylation profiles, therefore, suggests a stress-related epigenetic mechanism in the brain, which could be associated with the pathogenesis of multiple neuropsychiatric diseases.
A neuraminidase potency assay for quantitative assessment of neuraminidase in influenza vaccines
Authors: Byrne-Nash Rose T. , Gillis Jacob H. , Miller David F. , Bueter Katie M. , Kuck Laura R. , Rowlen Kathy L.
Published: January 2019

Neuraminidase (NA) immunity leads to decreased viral shedding and reduced severity of influenza disease; however, NA content in influenza vaccines is currently not regulated, resulting in inconsistent quality and quantity of NA that can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, from year to year, and from lot to lot. To address this problem, we have developed an assay for NA quantification that could be used by the industry to move toward developing influenza vaccines that induce a predictable immune response to NA. The VaxArray Influenza Seasonal NA Potency Assay (VXI-sNA) is a multiplexed sandwich immunoassay that relies on six subtype-specific monoclonal antibodies printed in microarray format and a suite of fluor-conjugated “label” antibodies. The performance of the assay as applied to a wide range of influenza vaccines is described herein. The assay demonstrated high NA subtype specificity and high sensitivity, with quantification limits ranging from 1 to 60 ng/mL and linear dynamic ranges of 24–500-fold. When compared to an enzymatic activity assay for samples exposed to thermal degradation conditions, the assay was able to track changes in protein stability over time and exhibited good correlation with enzyme activity. The assay also demonstrated excellent analytical precision with relative error ranging from 6 to 12% over day-to-day, user-to-user, and lot-to-lot variation. The high sensitivity and reproducibility of the assay enabled robust detection and quantification of NA in crude in-process samples and low-dose, adjuvanted vaccines with an accuracy of 100 ± 10%.
The aesthetic nature of the birthing room environment may alter the need for obstetrical interventions – an observational retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wrønding Tine , Argyraki Aikaterini , Petersen Jesper Friis , Topsøe Märta Fink , Petersen Paul Michael , Løkkegaard Ellen C. L.
Published: January 2019

The concept of sensory delivery rooms was introduced in 2013. These rooms offer programmable calming lights, restful blurred pictures displayed on a wall-sized big screen, and sound effects. The primary aim of this observational study was to analyse the risk of obstetrical interventions among women giving birth for the first-time in a sensory delivery room vs. a standard delivery room. We included nulliparous, term pregnant women having a single baby with a cephalic presentation who were in spontaneous labour and gave birth between March 1st 2014 and July 1st 2015 in North Zealand Hospital, Hillerød. A total of 789 women were included in the study, 313 gave birth in a sensory room and 476 in a standard delivery room. The risk of a caesarean delivery was significantly decreased when giving birth in a sensory room compared with a standard delivery room (OR, multiple adjusted: 0.44; 95% CI 0.22–0.87); furthermore, the use of oxytocin infusion was also reduced (OR, multiple adjusted: 0.71; 95% CI 0.50–1.03). This observational cohort study suggests that giving birth in a sensory delivery room could lower the risk of caesarean delivery, potentially reducing the number of such deliveries by one for every 23 patients.
Biomechanical characterization of TIM protein–mediated Ebola virus–host cell adhesion
Authors: Dragovich Matthew A. , Fortoul Nicole , Jagota Anand , Zhang Wei , Schutt Krista , Xu Yan , Sanabria Michelle , Moyer Dennis M. , Moller-Tank Sven , Maury Wendy , Zhang X. Frank
Published: January 2019

Since the most recent outbreak, the Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemic remains one of the world’s public health and safety concerns. EBOV is a negative-sense RNA virus that can infect humans and non-human primates, and causes hemorrhagic fever. It has been proposed that the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM) family proteins act as cell surface receptors for EBOV, and that the interaction between TIM and phosphatidylserine (PS) on the surface of EBOV mediates the EBOV–host cell attachment. Despite these initial findings, the biophysical properties of the TIM-EBOV interaction, such as the mechanical strength of the TIM-PS bond that allows the virus-cell interaction to resist external mechanical perturbations, have not yet been characterized. This study utilizes single-molecule force spectroscopy to quantify the specific interaction forces between TIM-1 or TIM-4 and the following binding partners: PS, EBOV virus-like particle, and EBOV glycoprotein/vesicular stomatitis virus pseudovirion. Depending on the loading rates, the unbinding forces between TIM and ligands ranged from 40 to 100 pN, suggesting that TIM-EBOV interactions are mechanically comparable to previously reported adhesion molecule–ligand interactions. The TIM-4–PS interaction is more resistant to mechanical force than the TIM-1–PS interaction. We have developed a simple model for virus–host cell interaction that is driven by its adhesion to cell surface receptors and resisted by membrane bending (or tension). Our model identifies critical dimensionless parameters representing the ratio of deformation and adhesion energies, showing how single-molecule adhesion measurements relate quantitatively to the mechanics of virus adhesion to the cell.
Multi-locus DNA metabarcoding of zooplankton communities and scat reveal trophic interactions of a generalist predator
Authors: Carroll E. L. , Gallego R. , Sewell M. A. , Zeldis J. , Ranjard L. , Ross H. A. , Tooman L. K. , O’Rorke R. , Newcomb R. D. , Constantine R.
Published: January 2019

To understand the ecosystem dynamics that underpin the year-round presence of a large generalist consumer, the Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni brydei), we use a DNA metabarcoding approach and systematic zooplankton surveys to investigate seasonal and regional changes in zooplankton communities and if whale diet reflects such changes. Twenty-four zooplankton community samples were collected from three regions throughout the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand, over two temperature regimes (warm and cool seasons), as well as 20 samples of opportunistically collected Bryde’s whale scat. Multi-locus DNA barcode libraries were constructed from 18S and COI gene fragments, representing a trade-off between identification and resolution of metazoan taxa. Zooplankton community OTU occurrence and relative read abundance showed regional and seasonal differences based on permutational analyses of variance in both DNA barcodes, with significant changes in biodiversity indices linked to season in COI only. In contrast, we did not find evidence that Bryde’s whale diet shows seasonal or regional trends, but instead indicated clear prey preferences for krill-like crustaceans, copepods, salps and ray-finned fishes independent of prey availability. The year-round presence of Bryde’s whales in the Hauraki Gulf is likely associated with the patterns of distribution and abundance of these key prey items.
Dynamic changes of MMP-9 plasma levels correlate with JCV reactivation and immune activation in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Iannetta Marco , Zingaropoli Maria Antonella , Latronico Tiziana , Pati Ilaria , Pontecorvo Simona , Prezioso Carla , Pietropaolo Valeria , Cortese Antonio , Frontoni Marco , D’Agostino Claudia , Francia Ada , Vullo Vincenzo , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Liuzzi Grazia Maria , Ciardi Maria Rosa
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 plasma levels during natalizumab treatment and their correlation with JC virus (JCV) reactivation and T-lymphocyte phenotypic modifications in peripheral blood samples from 34 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. MMP-9 levels were assessed by zymography in plasma samples. JCV-DNA was detected through quantitative real time PCR in plasma samples. T-lymphocyte phenotype was assessed with flow cytometry. MMP-9 plasma levels resulted increased from 12 to 24 natalizumab infusions. Stratifying plasma samples according to JCV-DNA detection, MMP-9 plasma levels were significantly increased in JCV-DNA positive than JCV-DNA negative samples. MMP-9 plasma levels resulted positively correlated with JCV viral load. CD4 immune senescence, CD8 immune activation and CD8 effector percentages were positively correlated to MMP-9 plasma levels, whereas a negative correlation between CD8 naïve percentages and MMP-9 plasma levels was found. Our data indicate an increase of MMP-9 plasma levels between 12 and 24 natalizumab infusions and a correlation with JCV-DNA detection in plasma, T-lymphocyte immune activation and senescence. These findings could contribute to understand PML pathogenesis under natalizumab treatment, suggesting a potential role of MMP-9 as a predictive marker of PML in RRMS patients.
Randomised in situ clinical trial investigating self-assembling peptide matrix P11-4 in the prevention of artificial caries lesions
Authors: Jablonski-Momeni A. , Korbmacher-Steiner H. , Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M. , Jablonski B. , Jaquet W. , Bottenberg P.
Published: January 2019

The aim was to investigate the ability of self-assembling Peptide P11-4 Matrix (SAPM) to remineralize artificial initial caries lesions compared to the use of fluoride varnish. Volunteers were recruited for this randomised, cross-over in situ trial. Bovine specimens, half including orthodontic brackets, were recessed on the buccal aspects of mandibular appliances. Specimens included internal sound enamel control, a demineralised control and a part exposed during the in situ phase. Each phase lasted four weeks, followed by a one-week washout. Treatment groups were: A: negative control, no treatment,B: positive control, 22,600 ppm fluoride varnish,C: test group, 1,000 ppm SAPM. Laser fluorescence values (LF) were measured before/after demineralisation, and after the in situ period. Micro-CT analysis was used to assess mineral changes within the specimens after the in situ phase. In specimens without brackets, ΔLF values after in situ phase were: A: +5.28, B: +0.85, C: −2.89. Corresponding ΔLF for specimens with brackets were: A: +5.77, B: +1.30, C: −3.15. LF-values between groups significantly differed from each other (p < 0.0001) after the in situ phase. Micro-CT analysis yielded no significant difference among groups for specimens without brackets. For specimens with brackets, the test group showed significantly more remineralisation than the negative (p = 0.01) and positive control (p = 0.003). Within the limitations of the study, SAPM showed prevention of caries and remineralisation of enamel around orthodontic brackets.
Oral crocetin administration suppressed refractive shift and axial elongation in a murine model of lens-induced myopia
Authors: Mori Kiwako , Kurihara Toshihide , Miyauchi Maki , Ishida Ayako , Jiang Xiaoyan , Ikeda Shin-ichi , Torii Hidemasa , Tsubota Kazuo
Published: January 2019

Increased global incidence of myopia necessitates establishment of therapeutic approaches against its progression. To explore agents which may control myopia, we screened 207 types of natural compounds and chemical reagents based on an activity of a myopia suppressive factor, early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1)in vitro. Among the candidates, crocetin showed the highest and dose-dependent activation of Egr-1. Forin vivoanalysis, experimental myopia was induced in 3-week-old C57BL/6 J mice with −30 diopter (D) lenses for 3 weeks. Animals were fed with normal or mixed chow containing 0.003% (n = 19) and 0.03% (n = 7) of crocetin during myopia induction. Refraction and axial length were measured at 3-week-old and the 6-week-old with an infrared photorefractor and a SD-OCT system. Compared to controls (n = 14), crocetin administration showed a significant smaller change of refractive errors (−13.62 ± 8.14 vs +0.82 ± 5.81 D for 0.003%, p < 0.01, −2.00 ± 4.52 D for 0.03%, p < 0.01) and axial elongation (0.27 ± 0.03 vs 0.22 ± 0.04 mm for 0.003%, p < 0.01, 0.23 ± 0.05 mm for 0.03%, p < 0.05). These results suggest that a dietary factor crocetin may have a preventive effect against myopia progression.
Quantitative design rules for protein-resistant surface coatings using machine learning
Authors: Le Tu C. , Penna Matthew , Winkler David A. , Yarovsky Irene
Published: January 2019

Preventing biological contamination (biofouling) is key to successful development of novel surface and nanoparticle-based technologies in the manufacturing industry and biomedicine. Protein adsorption is a crucial mediator of the interactions at the bio – nano -materials interface but is not well understood. Although general, empirical rules have been developed to guide the design of protein-resistant surface coatings, they are still largely qualitative. Herein we demonstrate that this knowledge gap can be addressed by using machine learning approaches to extract quantitative relationships between the material surface chemistry and the protein adsorption characteristics. We illustrate how robust linear and non-linear models can be constructed to accurately predict the percentage of protein adsorbed onto these surfaces using lysozyme or fibrinogen as prototype common contaminants. Our computational models could recapitulate the adsorption of proteins on functionalised surfaces in a test set with an r2 of 0.82 and standard error of prediction of 13%. Using the same data set that enabled the development of the Whitesides rules, we discovered an extension to the original rules. We describe a workflow that can be applied to large, consistently obtained data sets covering a broad range of surface functional groups and protein types.
Caloric restriction prevents the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in mice on a high fat diet
Authors: Younas Haris , Vieira Marcela , Gu Chenjuan , Lee Rachel , Shin Mi-kyung , Berger Slava , Loube Jeff , Nelson Andrew , Bevans-Fonti Shannon , Zhong Qiong , D’Alessio Franco R. , McCormack Meredith C. , Hansel Nadia N , Mitzner Wayne , Polotsky Vsevolod Y
Published: January 2019

We have previously shown that high fat diet (HFD) for 2 weeks increases airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine challenge in C57BL/6J mice in association with an increase in IL-1β levels in lung tissue. We hypothesize that obesity increases AHR via the IL-1β mechanism, which can be prevented by caloric restriction and IL-1β blockade. In this study, we fed C57BL/6J mice for 8 weeks with several hypercaloric diets, including HFD, HFD supplemented with fructose, high trans-fat diet (HTFD) supplemented with fructose, either ad libitum or restricting their food intake to match body weight to the mice on a chow diet (CD). We also assessed the effect of the IL-1β receptor blocker anakinra. All mice showed the same total respiratory resistance at baseline. All obese mice showed higher AHR at 30 mg/ml of methacholine compared to CD and food restricted groups, regardless of the diet. Obese mice showed significant increases in lung IL-1 β mRNA expression, but not the protein, compared to CD and food restricted mice. Anakinra abolished an increase in AHR. We conclude that obesity leads to the airway hyperresponsiveness preventable by caloric restriction and IL-1β blockade.
Impact of tensile strain on low Sn content GeSn lasing
Authors: Rainko Denis , Ikonic Zoran , Elbaz Anas , von den Driesch Nils , Stange Daniela , Herth Etienne , Boucaud Philippe , El Kurdi Moustafa , Grützmacher Detlev , Buca Dan
Published: January 2019

In recent years much effort has been made to increase the Sn content in GeSn alloys in order to increase direct bandgap charge carrier recombination and, therefore, to reach room temperature lasing. While being successful for the former, the increase of Sn content is detrimental, leading to increased defect concentrations and a lower thermal budget regarding processing. In this work we demonstrate strong photoluminescence enhancement in low Sn content Ge0.94Sn0.06 layers by implementing tensile strain. Fitting of the calculated photoluminescence spectra to reproduce our experimental results indicates a strain of ~1.45%, induced via an SiNx stressor layer, which is strong enough to transform the investigated layer into a direct bandgap semiconductor. Moreover, theoretical calculations, using the 8-band k·p model, show the advantages of using low Sn content tensile strained GeSn layers in respect to gain and lasing temperature. We show that low Sn content GeSn alloys have a strong potential to enable efficient room temperature lasers on electronic-photonic integrated circuits.
Plant-microbe interactions before drought influence plant physiological responses to subsequent severe drought
Authors: Ulrich Danielle E. M. , Sevanto Sanna , Ryan Max , Albright Michaeline B. N. , Johansen Renee B. , Dunbar John M.
Published: January 2019

We examined the effect of soil microbial communities on plant physiological responses to drought. Bouteloua gracilis seeds were planted in sterilized sand with (inoculated) and without (controls) soil microbial communities. After substantial growth, drought was imposed by completely withholding water. Before soil moisture declined to zero, inoculated plants germinated faster, were significantly taller, and maintained greater soil moisture than controls. The greater soil moisture of the inoculated plants allowed greater photosynthesis but also induced lower tissue drought tolerance (as indicated by turgor loss point) compared to controls. The inoculated plants were more susceptible to severe drought compared to control plants as indicated by significantly lower mean stomatal conductance, as well as marginally significantly greater mean wilting score, for the entire severe drought period after soil moisture declined to zero. Inoculated plants exhibited enhanced growth and photosynthesis and dampened drought stress over short timescales, but also increased susceptibility to drought over long timescales. This work demonstrates (1) an unexpected insight that microbes can have positive initial effects on plant performance, but negative impacts on plant performance during severe drought, and (2) that microbially altered effects on plant function during well-watered and moderate drought conditions can influence plant function under subsequent severe drought.
Distribution of abnormal IgG glycosylation patterns from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients by MALDI-TOF-MSn
Authors: Sun Dehui , Hu Fanlei , Gao Huanyu , Song Zhijing , Xie Wenchun , Wang Ping , Shi Lianjie , Wang Ke , Li Yan , Huang Chuncui , Li Zhanguo
Published: January 2019

IgG glycosylation differs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), which should contribute to their pathogenesis research and diagnosis.
Assessment of zero-valent iron-based nanotherapeutics for ferroptosis induction and resensitization strategy in cancer cells
Authors: Huang Kuang-Jing , Wei Yau-Huei , Chiu Yen-Chi , Wu Shang-Rung , Shieh Dar-Bin
Published: January 2019

Addressing nanomedicine resistance is critical for its ultimate clinical success; despite this, advancing the therapeutic designs for cancer therapy are rarely discussed in the literature.
Preparation and characterization for multicomponent crystals of the antidiabetic drug gliquidone based on crystal engineering
Authors: Jia Lina , Yu Yang , Wang Mengwei , Ouyang Hanzhi , Gong Junbo
Published: January 2019

Multicomponent crystals are designed and synthesized after analyzing the stable conformation of gliquidone.
Charge transfer-induced O p-band center shift for an enhanced OER performance in LaCoO3 film
Authors: Liu Zhongyuan , Sun Yu , Wu Xiaofeng , Hou Changmin , Geng Zhibin , Wu Jie , Huang Keke , Gao Lu , Feng Shouhua
Published: January 2019

Charge transfer between LaCoO3 and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 interface shortens the distance between O p-band center and the Fermi level.
dz2 orbital-mediated bound magnetic polarons in ferromagnetic Ce-doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles and their enriched two-photon absorption cross-section
Authors: Senthilkumar P. , Dhanuskodi S. , Karthikeyan J. , Murugan P.
Published: January 2019

Oxygen vacancy-triggered ferromagnetism and two-photon absorption cross-section of Ce-doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles: combined theoretical and experimental insights.
Photocatalytically active ladder polymers
Authors: Vogel Anastasia , Forster Mark , Wilbraham Liam , Smith Charlotte L. , Cowan Alexander J. , Zwijnenburg Martijn A. , Sprick Reiner Sebastian , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: January 2019

Post-polymerization ladderization is explored as a promising technique to boost the photo-catalytic activity of conjugated polymers.
Water-dispersible astaxanthin-rich nanopowder: preparation, oral safety and antioxidant activity in vivo
Authors: Guan Lei , Liu Junli , Yu Hanjieyu , Tian Huiqin , Wu Guanglu , Liu Boyu , Dong Ping , Li Jing , Liang Xingguo
Published: January 2019

Astaxanthin-encapsulated DNA/chitosan nanoparticles were developed as a new type of nanopowder which exhibited excellent antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects on alcohol-induced acute hepatic injured mice.
A ppm level Rh-based composite as an ecofriendly catalyst for transfer hydrogenation of nitriles: triple guarantee of selectivity for primary amines
Authors: Liu Lei , Li Jifan , Ai Yongjian , Liu Yuhong , Xiong Jialiang , Wang Hongdong , Qiao Yijun , Liu Wenrui , Tan Shanchao , Feng Shaofei , Wang Kunpeng , Sun Hongbin , Liang Qionglin
Published: January 2019

A 49 ppm Rh catalyst selectively transforms nitriles into primary amines with economical HCOOH and exhibits a TOF value of 6803 h−1.
Hybrid ‘clusterbombs’ as multifunctional nanoplatforms potentiate brain tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Shen Qi , Yang Jun , Liu Ruiyuan , Liu Linying , Zhang Jinchao , Shen Shigang , Zhang Xin
Published: January 2019

A hybrid ‘clusterbomb’ nanovaccine is exploited to overcome the antigen delivery challenge by a one trigger-multiple response strategy for brain tumor immunotherapy.
Degradation of lignin with aqueous ammonium-based ionic liquid solutions under milder conditions
Authors: Tolesa Leta Deressa , Gupta Bhupender S. , Lee Ming-Jer
Published: January 2019

Ammonium-based ionic liquids can serve as solvents and promoters for lignin depolymerization.
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl half-sandwich hydrazine complexes of ruthenium: preparation and reactivity
Authors: Albertin Gabriele , Antoniutti Stefano , Castro Jesús , Gasparetto Giulia
Published: January 2019

The preparation and selective oxidation of hydrazine complexes of ruthenium stabilised by a pentamethylcyclopentadienyl fragment are described. The formation of the sandwich complex [Ru(η5-C5Me5)(η6-C6H6)]BPh4 through the oxidation of coordinate phenylhydrazine is also reported.
Comparing conventional and microwave-assisted heating in PET degradation mediated by imidazolium-based halometallate complexes
Authors: Scé Fabio , Cano Israel , Martin Carmen , Beobide Garikoitz , Castillo Óscar , de Pedro Imanol
Published: January 2019

Tailoring halometallate-based ionic liquids (bulkiness and polarization) to be more active catalysts for PET glycolysis under conventional and microwave-assisted heating conditions.
A label-free and fluorescence turn-on assay for sensitive detection of hyaluronidase based on hyaluronan-induced perylene self-assembly
Authors: Ma Lin , Gao Wenjuan , Han Xue , Qu Fengli , Xia Lian , Kong Rong-Mei
Published: January 2019

A label-free and fluorescence turn-on assay for sensitive detection of HAase based on HA–PDI nanoaggregates was reported.
Chemoselective mechanochemical route toward a bright TADF-emitting CuI-based coordination polymer
Authors: Artem'ev Alexander V. , Doronina Evgeniya P. , Rakhmanova Mariana I. , Tarasova Olga A. , Bagryanskaya Irina Yu. , Nedolya Nina A.
Published: January 2019

We report a simple and effective mechanochemical synthesis of a strongly-emissive TADF-material based on a CuI-coordination polymer that is unobtainable through traditional wet methods.
A radical-chain reaction of isocyanides with selenosulfonates and water: facile synthesis of selenocarbamates under metal-free conditions
Authors: Fang Yi , Liu Can , Wang Fei , Ding Rao , Wang Shun-Yi , Ji Shun-Jun
Published: January 2019

A facile synthesis of secondary selenocarbamates through metal-free multicomponent reactions of isocyanides, selenosulfonates and water is reported here. The reaction is easy to handle and proceeds smoothly under mild conditions.
A trigonal molecular assembly system with the dual light-driven functions of phase transition and fluorescence switching
Authors: Abe Ikue , Hara Mitsuo , Seki Takahiro , Cho Sung June , Shimizu Masaki , Matsuura Kazunori , Cheong Hae-Kap , Kim Jin Young , Oh Jihun , Jung Jaehoon , Han Mina
Published: January 2019

A trigonal azobenzene framework showing AIE/AIEE and photoisomerization was synthesized to form fluorescent microspheres exhibiting light-driven phase transition and fluorescence switching.
Photoinduced effects on the magnetic properties of the (Fe0.2Cr0.8)1.5[Cr(CN)6] Prussian blue analogue
Authors: Luque Francisco Jesús , Kowalik Iwona Agnieszka , Prieto-Ruiz Juan Pablo , Niño Miguel Ángel , Prima-García Helena , Romero Francisco Manuel , Arvanitis Dimitri , Mathonière Corine , Coronado Eugenio , Miranda Rodolfo , de Miguel Juan José
Published: January 2019

Visible light absorbed by Fe cations in a Prussian blue analogue induces charge transfer, and reduces lattice misfit and magnetic moments.
Carbon quantum dot-sensitized and tunable luminescence of Ca19Mg2(PO4)14:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Eu3+ and/or Tb3+) nanocrystalline phosphors with abundant colors via a sol–gel process
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Xu Zhenpeng , Chen Chen , Tian Dan , Yang Lixia , Luo Xubiao , Al Kheraif Abdulaziz A. , Lin Jun
Published: January 2019

Efficient carbon quantum dot-sensitized luminescence of Ca19Mg2(PO4)14:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Eu3+ and/or Tb3+) nanocrystalline phosphors with abundant colors.
Correction: A toxicology-informed, safer by design approach for the fabrication of transparent electrodes based on silver nanowires
Authors: Toybou Djadidi , Celle Caroline , Aude-Garcia Catherine , Rabilloud Thierry , Simonato Jean-Pierre
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘A toxicology-informed, safer by design approach for the fabrication of transparent electrodes based on silver nanowires’ by Djadidi Toybou et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8en00890f.
Phosphoglycolate has profound metabolic effects but most likely no role in a metabolic DNA response in cancer cell lines
Authors: Gerin Isabelle , Bury Marina , Baldin Francesca , Graff Julie , Van Schaftingen Emile , Bommer Guido T.
Published: January 2019

Repair of a certain type of oxidative DNA damage leads to the release of phosphoglycolate, which is an inhibitor of triose phosphate isomerase and is predicted to indirectly inhibit phosphoglycerate mutase activity. Thus, we hypothesized that phosphoglycolate might play a role in a metabolic DNA damage response. Here, we determined how phosphoglycolate is formed in cells, elucidated its effects on cellular metabolism and tested whether DNA damage repair might release sufficient phosphoglycolate to provoke metabolic effects. Phosphoglycolate concentrations were below 5 µM in wild-type U2OS and HCT116 cells and remained unchanged when we inactivated phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP), the enzyme that is believed to dephosphorylate phosphoglycolate. Treatment of PGP knockout cell lines with glycolate caused an up to 500-fold increase in phosphoglycolate concentrations, which resulted largely from a side activity of pyruvate kinase. This increase was much higher than in glycolate-treated wild-type cells and was accompanied by metabolite changes consistent with an inhibition of phosphoglycerate mutase, most likely due to the removal of the priming phosphorylation of this enzyme. Surprisingly, we found that phosphoglycolate also inhibits succinate dehydrogenase with a Ki value of <10 µM. Thus, phosphoglycolate can lead to profound metabolic disturbances. In contrast, phosphoglycolate concentrations were not significantly changed when we treated PGP knockout cells with Bleomycin or ionizing radiation, which are known to lead to the release of phosphoglycolate by causing DNA damage. Thus, phosphoglycolate concentrations due to DNA damage are too low to cause major metabolic changes in HCT116 and U2OS cells.
Trimmed categorical cross‐entropy for deep learning with label noise
Authors: Rusiecki A.
Published: January 2019

Deep learning methods are nowadays considered as state‐of‐the‐art approach in many sophisticated problems, such as computer vision, speech understanding or natural language processing. However, their performance relies on the quality of large annotated datasets. If the data are not well‐annotated and label noise occur, such data‐driven models become less reliable. In this Letter, the authors present very simple way to make the training process robust to noisy labels. Without changing network architecture and learning algorithm, the authors apply modified error measure that improves network generalisation when trained with label noise. Preliminary results obtained for deep convolutional neural networks, trained with novel trimmed categorical cross‐entropy loss function, revealed its improved robustness for several levels of label noise.
Micro‐printing of patterned diamond‐like carbon coatings on glass by anodic bonding
Authors: Ji Yu , Shang Jintang , Zhang Jin
Published: January 2019

A novel micro‐printing process, using anodic bonding to deposit patterned diamond‐like carbon (DLC) coatings on glass, is investigated. Various patterns such as squares, triangles and letters are successfully fabricated. The coatings are characterised by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscope (AFM) and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. A G‐band shift of approximately 1614 cm−1 indicates that the DLC coatings have a relatively high content of sp3 bonds (>20%). The result of the AFM topography shows that the surface roughness of DLC coatings is 1.21 nm. The transmittance of DLC‐coated glass wafer is above 85% ranging from 760 to 1100 nm, indicating that the patterned DLC coatings have high optical transparency in the infrared radiation spectral range.
Electricity systems capacity expansion under cooling water availability constraints
Authors: Qadrdan Meysam , Byers Edward , Chaudry Modassar , Hall Jim , Jenkins Nick , Xu Xiandong
Published: January 2019

Large and reliable volumes of water are required to cool thermal power plants. Yet across the world growing demands from society, environmental regulation and climate change impacts are reducing the availability of reliable water supplies. This in turn constrains the capacity and locations of thermal power plants that can be developed. The authors present an integrated and spatially explicit energy systems model that explores optimal capacity expansion planning strategies, taking into account electricity and gas transmission infrastructure and cooling water constraints under climate change. In Great Britain, given the current availability of freshwater, it is estimated that around 32 GW of combined cycle gas turbine capacity can be sustainably and reliably supported by freshwater. However, to maintain the same reliability under a medium climate change scenario, this is halved to 16 GW. The authors also reveal that the current benefit of available freshwater to the power sector is ∼£50 billion between 2010 and 2050. Adapting to expected climate change impacts on the reduced reliability of freshwater resources could add an additional £18–19 billion in system costs to the low‐carbon energy transition over the time horizon, as more expensive cooling technologies and locations are required.
Outage probability bound of decode and forward two‐way relay employing optical spatial modulation over gamma‐gamma channels
Authors: Bhowal Anirban , Kshetrimayum Rakhesh Singh
Published: January 2019

In this study, free space optical communication has been studied for different atmospheric conditions. Spatial modulation (SM) has been used to improve the performance of two‐way relay cooperative communication. The proposed system employs decode and forward (DF) relaying technique along with physical layer network coding, hence it has been named as optical SM based DF two‐way relay. It enables full‐duplex communication thereby enhancing the system efficiency. The transmit optical source index as well as the information are exchanged between the two bidirectional nodes. Performance analysis of the system has been carried out in terms of lower and upper bounds of outage probability and average data rate for N‐ cascaded fading channels. The analytical results have been validated by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The variation of the performance due to change in different parameters has also been reported in this study.
Bidirectional active charge equaliser for series‐connected cells
Authors: Nazi Hamed , Babaei Ebrahim , Sabahi Mehran
Published: January 2019

In this study, a new bidirectional charge equaliser for series‐connected cells is proposed to equalise the charge of N series‐connected cells in static and dynamic states, i.e. while charging, discharging and when charger/load is disconnected. The proposed topology consists of three parts: a multiplexer, H‐bridge and transformer. The multiplexer section connects the target cell to the transformer. The transformer acts as temporary energy storage and the H‐bridge section sets the polarity of the voltage on the primary of the transformer. In charging/static mode, the energy transfers from charger/string to the low‐charged cell and in discharging mode energy transfers from the cell with the highest charge to the load. In fact, energy transfer is in the same direction as the circuit operation, in this way, the speeds of charge and discharge of series cells are increased. Also due to the existence of only one small transformer and totem‐pole arrangement of bidirectional switches, which halved the switch drivers, the cost and size of the circuit is reduced. A prototype of the proposed circuit to balance the charge of four series lithium–ion battery cells is designed and implemented. The experimental results confirm the correct operation of the circuit in all three states.
SPICE‐compatible admittance equivalent circuit for stochastic transmission line under external field illumination
Authors: Yang Jinpeng , Sun Xiaoying , Zhao Yu , Chen Jian , Hu Puyu
Published: January 2019

For the stochastic transient analysis of transmission line with parameter uncertainties under plane wave illumination, a random admittance equivalent circuit model was presented. Based on the polynomial chaos theory and stochastic Galerkin method, the random transmission line equation was cast into the augmented deterministic transmission line equation. By virtue of eigenfunction decomposition and appropriate acceleration of convergence, a SPICE‐compatible Foster form of admittance equivalent circuit model was obtained. The random boundary condition for non‐linear loads was solved by applying the Gauss quadrature rule. Application examples validate the accuracy and efficiency of the presented methodology.
Optimal DG integration and network reconfiguration in microgrid system with realistic time varying load model using hybrid optimisation
Authors: Murty Vallem Veera Venkata Satya Narayana , Kumar Ashwani
Published: January 2019

The potential availability of renewable energy sources is unquestionable and the government is setting steep targets for renewable energy usage. Renewable‐based DGs, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, mitigate global climate change, ensure energy security, and reduce emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. This study addresses microgrid system analysis with hybrid energy sources and reconfiguration simultaneously for efficient operation of the system. Microgrid zones are formulated categorically with the existing distribution system. In this study, wind, solar and small hydro‐based DGs are considered. Uncertainties of renewable power generation and load are also taken care in the optimization problem. A multi‐objective optimisation method proposed in this paper for optimal integration of renewable‐based DGs and reconfiguration of the network to minimise power loss and maximise annual cost savings. Optimal location and sizes of DG units are determined using gravitational search algorithm and general algebraic modelling system respectively. Optimal reconfiguration of the microgrid system is obtained using genetic algorithm. Simulation results are obtained for the IEEE 33‐bus system and compared with existing methods as available in the literature. Furthermore, this study has been carried out with a 24‐hr time‐varying distribution system. The simulation results show the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed technique.
Rudiment of energy internet: coordinated power dispatching of intra‐ and inter‐local area packetised‐power networks
Authors: Ma Jinghuan
Published: January 2019

Local area packetised‐power network (LAPPN) provides flexible local power dispatching in the future energy internet. With interconnections among multiple LAPPNs, power dispatching can be further extended to intra‐ and inter‐LAPPN power interchanges. It becomes a significant issue to schedule the two kinds of power interchanges as, from a system perspective high utilisation of available scheduling time slots and low overall transmission loss should be guaranteed, and from a subscriber perspective a high scheduled ratio of transmission requests with a fair transmission sequence in terms of transmission urgency is expected. To this end, the authors propose a cooperative power dispatching framework for connected LAPPNs, including subscriber matching and coordinated power transmission scheduling. The former matches subscribers from different LAPPNs, considering both subscriber preferences and power transmission loss. The latter coordinates the intra‐ and inter‐LAPPN power packet transmission to maximise the amount of energy delivered with guaranteed fairness on user urgency. Simulation results of a two‐LAPPN system are provided, which demonstrate that the proposed framework can achieve effective and efficient power dispatching in terms of the mentioned concerns, and reveal facts on ideal system capacity and how to manipulate the proportions of the two kinds of transmissions according to the network status.
Design and test of a magnetic saturation‐type fault current limiter
Authors: Qu Lu , Zeng Rong , Yu Zhanqing , Li Ge
Published: January 2019

Fault current limiter (FCL) is an effective technique for the fault isolation and protection in the direct current (DC) grid. In this study, a magnetic saturation‐type FCL is designed and tested. Firstly, its basic principle is introduced. Compared with the traditional saturable reactor‐type FCL, it has advantages of simple structure, small size, and better economy. Then design procedure of the magnetic saturation‐type FCL is described, which includes selection of the ferromagnetic materials and determination of parameters of the iron core. After that, a set of principle prototype is designed, and the experiment and simulation are carried out to verify the current limiting ability of the magnetic saturation‐type FCL. Results show that the magnetic saturation‐type FCL can effectively limit the fault current from 110 to 40 A. What is more, the new magnetic saturation‐type FCL can be extended from changing the size of a single core and the distributed arrangement for large‐capacity applications.
Numerical calculation of the lightning transient voltage distribution on converter transformer winding based a dual winding model
Authors: Jia Hongrui , Liu Xuezhong , Tian Shijin , Wang Lin , Gao Fei
Published: January 2019

The insulation co‐ordination of converter transformer winding has a great influence on power system security. An equivalent circuit of a 500 kV converter transformer winding structure, including a LC equivalent network circuit and an ideal transformer in parallel, was firstly established. A combined 12‐pulse rectifier equivalent circuit model, mainly consisting of six single‐phase converter transformer and 12 converter valves, was built in Power Systems Computer Aided Design (PSCAD) software. In certain operating states of the converter value, the transient voltage distribution was analysed when lightning strokes the DC bus of a typical converter station. The results show that the dual winding model can present the transient voltage characteristics of the converter transformer. The maximum lightning transient voltage is located at the end of the star‐connected winding near the neutral point and reaches 1270 kV, and also the maximum gradient voltage occurs at the winding near the terminal point. In different operating states for the converter valve, the transient voltages of a three‐phase winding behave as per the similar distributing rules. For the star‐connected phase winding, the lightning transient voltage of the winding disc reaches the maximum magnitude when lightning strike occurs at the peak of the phase voltage on the valve side.
Investigation on sub‐synchronous oscillations in DFIG‐based transmission system based on improved complex torque coefficients method
Authors: Wang Yijun , Du Wenjuan , Chen Chen , Zhen Zijing , Wang Haifeng
Published: January 2019

The complex torque coefficients (CTC) method has been widely adopted to investigate the conventional sub‐synchronous oscillation (SSO) issues. However, the application of the CTC method is limited when large‐scale wind power generations are integrated into power systems. Therefore, in order to overcome the disadvantages of the CTC method on the aspects of frequency scan and stability determination, this paper proposes an improved CTC method based on the shaft system modal decoupling and small‐signal self‐excitation theory. The improved method is demonstrated and validated through the IEEE first benchmark power system (FBMPS). By establishing the small‐signal model of the series‐compensated DFIG‐based transmission system, the proposed method is applied to examine the SSO in a grid‐connected DFIG system. Moreover, the impacts of different parameters on the electrical damping characteristics of the system are deeply analysed. In addition, an effective VSC control strategy for suppression of the SSO in series‐compensated DFIG‐based transmission system is proposed.
Current‐limiting strategy based on PR controller and active power filter for droop controlled microgrid
Authors: Gao Jie , Wang Xiaowei , Yang Fengfeng
Published: January 2019

In order to protect the power electronic equipment and make the output current amplitude of distributed generation (DG) maintain a stable value for different short‐circuit faults, this paper proposed a current‐limiting strategy based on proportional‐resonant controller (PR), filtering inductance reference current (FIRC), and shunt active power filter (APF) for droop controlled microgrid. First, the relationship is discussed in detail among the output current of DG, the output voltage of DG and FIRC, theoretical derivation demonstrates that the error between output current of DG and FIRC can be decreased through adjusting the value of PR parameters, filtering capacitance and the compensation current obtained by APF. Moreover, some advantages of proposed strategy for microgrid protection are discussed. Then, when the fault is detected, the current‐limiting strategy is implemented by setting the FIRC value. Finally, the experiments prove that the proposed strategy can precisely limit the maximum phase current to the given value which cannot be influenced by the short‐circuit fault type, grounding resistance, fault initial phase, non‐linear load, and so on.
Influence of the clamping force on the power cycling lifetime reliability of press pack IGBT sub‐module
Authors: Deng Erping , Zhang Jingwei , Zhao Zhibin , Chen Jie , Li Jinyuan , Huang Yongzhang
Published: January 2019

The clamping force is the most important parameter of Press Pack IGBTs (PP IGBTs) as it not only affects the electrical, thermal, and mechanical characteristic, but also the long lifetime reliability. Too little clamping force increases the contact resistance and junction temperature. Too much clamping force makes the silicon chips mechanical damage. However, it is quite complex and time‐consuming to obtain the influence of the clamping force on the long‐time reliability through the power cycling test because that many tests are needed to execute under a large range of clamping forces. Here, a single IGBT chip sub‐module is proposed to simulate the long lifetime reliability through the finite element method under various clamping forces. Both the thermal contact resistance within different contact interfaces that affects the junction temperature of silicon chips a lot and the elastic‐plastic model that affects the lifetime of specific material layers are considered in this finite element model to make it more accurate. The combination of Coffin–Mason and Basquin model is proposed to obtain the power cycling lifetime of the sub‐module based on simulation results. A clamping force range is obtained and this also gives a guideline for the power cycling test.