bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systems and methods for assessing the homogeneity of feed mixtures for farm animals (review)
Authors: Mironova I. V. , Latypova E. H. , Nikitin E. A. , Blagov D. A.
Published: May 2024

Relevance.  When  forming  a  diet  for  feeding  animals  that  are  kept  in  modern  livestock  complexes,  the farmer  pursues  an  exceptionally  rational  approach  in  terms  of  livestock  productivity  and  the  period  of productive  existence  of  animals.  First  of  all,  the  provision  of  these  indicators  forms  the  quality  of  animal feeding, expressed in the total nutritional value of the diet and the quality of mixing the components that make up its composition.

Methods. The updating of the direction of scientific research was carried out on the basis of a preliminary literary  review  of  modern  publications  in  the  international  journals  Journal  of  dairy  science,  Robotics and  autonomous  systems  and  Agriculture.  In  addition,  the  functionality  of  modern  analytical  equipment from  world  manufacturers  used  in  agriculture  was  analyzed.  The  technical  solutions  of  the  exhibits  of industry  exhibitions,  as  well  as  the  accompanying  documentation,  are  considered.  The  existing  methods for  determining  the  homogeneity  of  feed  mixtures  for  farm  animals  have  been  studied,  advantages  and disadvantages have been identified.

Results .  The  existing  methods  for  estimating  the  homogeneity  of  feed  mixtures  are  considered.  A  new concept has been proposed for constructing a system for determining the homogeneity of feed mixtures by  optical  methods,  which  is  based  on  express  measurement  of  the  optical  properties  of  feed  mixture components on the surface of a conveyor belt or mixing unit, the use of which will allow you to manage the temporary modes of mixing feeds and assess the serviceability of the machines and units used.
Dynamics of variation of dairy characteristics in cows when using the feed additive “VivAktiv”
Authors: Baerinas M. N. , Neverova O. P. , Gorelik O. V. , Gritsenko S. A. , Rebezov M. B. , Isaeva K. S.
Published: May 2024

Relevance.  Holstein  dairy  cattle  are  bred  in  the  Sverdlovsk  region,  its  improvement  is  carried  out  by selecting  and  selecting  the  best  for  further  breeding.  In  order  for  them  to  display  their  genetic  potential  of productivity, it is necessary to ensure a balanced diet. The aim of the work was to assess the diversity  of dairy characteristics in Holstein cows when using the “VivAktiv” feed additive.

Methods. To conduct the study, 4 groups of calved heifers with 10 heads each were formed in a typical breeding plant for the region: a control group and three experimental ones based on the principle of pairs  of analogues. The dairy productivity of cows was evaluated for the first lactation and for the calendar year by control milking once a month. The fat and protein content in milk was assessed in an average milk sample once  a  month  from  each  cow.  The  coefficient  of  variability  (variation)  was  calculated  according  to  the generally accepted formula.

Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the use of the “VivAktiv” feed additive did not significantly affect the productivity of cows. The milk yield for lactation by group was 10582.3  ± 187.35,  10640.8 ± 163.89, 10293.9 ± 176.45 and 10080.1  ± 178.13 kg, respectively, the difference was unreliable and  insignificant.  Considering  the  changes  in  the  coefficient  of  variation  between  the  groups,  we  can note a lower variability of the trait in cows of the 2nd experimental group. The animals of the control group came in second place. The largest variety of the trait turned out to be in the 3rd experimental group. Thus, the  variability  of  the  trait  is  influenced  by  the  period  (month)  of  lactation,  to  some  extent  the  duration  of  lactation,  as  well  as  the  use  of  the  feed  additive  “VivAktiv”,  which  had  a  stabilizing  effect  on  cow  yield when used at a dose of 20 g/head/day.
Assessment of the composition and removal of nutrients from tubers of anthocyanin-containing potato varieties in the central region of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Pavlov M. N. , Khomyakova K. N. , Smirnova T. I.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. Optimization of the mineral nutrition of plants of anthocyanin-containing potato varieties requires an  analysis  of  their  yield,  elemental  composition  and  nutrient  removal.  In  the  work,  these  indicators  were studied for three varieties with different colors of the pulp of tubers (Gala, Syurpriz and Severnoe Siyanie).

Methods.  The  research  was  carried  out  in  a  single-factor  experiment  on  the  experimental  field  of  the  Tver State  Agricultural  Academy  in  2023  on  well-cultivated  sod  —  medium  podzolic  light  loamy  soil.  3  varieties have been studied: Gala, Syurpriz and Severnoe Siyanie . The repetition in the experiment is 3 times. Intensive cultivation  technology  was  observed.  The  yield  of  tubers,  the  content  of  dry  matter,  crude  ash,  nitrogen, potassium,  phosphorus,  iron,  copper,  zinc,  cobalt  and  boron  in  them  —  according  to  standard  methods prescribed in the relevant GOST standards. The content of calcium and magnesium in tubers was determined by the complexometric method.

Results.  The  anthocyanin-containing  varieties  Syurpriz  and  Severnoe  Siyanie  were  characterized  by  higher yields (by 4.2–5.2 t/ha) and the content of nitrogen, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt and boron in tubers than in the Gala variety. Due to this, they were distinguished by a higher removal of two macronutrients — nitro-gen (76.14–77.28 kg/ha) and calcium (1.95–2.78 kg/ha), five trace elements — iron (112.63–151.29 g/ha), copper (18.79–20.41 g/ha), zinc (66.65–69.84 g/ha), cobalt (0.75–0.77 g/ha) and boron (29.19–37.46 g/ha). The  obtained removal indicators can be used to calculate the approximate doses of fertilizers.
Analisis kandungan formalin pada ikan teri (Stolephorus sp) dan perilaku pembeli di Pasar Tradisional Pancur Batu Kabupaten Deli Serdang
Authors: Ginting Puput Puspita , Marsaulina Irnawati
Published: May 2024

Food safety is a very important aspect in daily life. However, in practice there are still many manufacturers who use food additives that are harmful to health, for example, the use of formalin in anchovies. This type of research is a descriptive survey. The research population is anchovy buyers at the Pancur Batu Traditional Market. The number of samples was 96 buyer taken by accidental sampling method while the object of research was 10 samples of anchovy (Stolephorus sp) taken from different anchovy sellers at the Pancur Batu Traditional Market. The data collection method was carried out by interviews, observation, and laboratory testing using KMnO4 reagent. Data analysis was carried out by univariate analysis. The results showed that 8 out of 10 samples of anchovy (Stolephorus sp) at the Pancur Batu Traditional Market were positive for formalin. Buyers of anchovy at Pancur Batu Traditional Market had good knowledge of 71 people (74,0%), good attitude of 78 people (81,3%) and good actions of 52 people (54.2%). However, there are still quite a number of buyers who do not know and do not make efforts to reduce formalin levels in anchovy. It is hoped that the relevant agencies will carry out further food safety supervision of food sold in the market as well as provide education to the public about formalin in food and it is hoped that consumers will be smarter and more informed in choosing anchovy containing formalin and without formalin and be more aware of the importance of health.
ПРИСТРІЙ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАДІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ ВОДОЗАБІРНИХ СВЕРДЛОВИН
Authors: Ладичук Д. О. , Ладичук В. Д.
Published: May 2024

В роботі наведені результати досліджень щодо можливості вирішення комплексної проблеми підтримання ефективної та стабільної роботи систем забору підземних вод та вертикальних дренажних свердловин, яка полягає в забрудненні фільтрів та прифільтрової зони продуктами кольматації, що призводить до падіння дебіту і виходу свердловини з ладу. Проаналізовані відомі у практиці водопостачання і захисту територій вертикальним дренажем результати досліджень, що спрямовані на вирішення задачі розкольматації фільтрів водозабірних свердловин для відновлення дебіту та збільшення міжремонтного періоду. Доведено, що найбільш економічним і ефективним рішенням заявленої проблеми є не постійне нарощування обсягів бурових робіт, а масове впровадження в повсякденну практику ефективної технології відновлення працездатності старих свердловин. В цьому може допомогти розробка комплексного механічного пристрою, який дозволить знизити ступінь прояву процесу кольматації фільтрів водозабірних свердловин безпосередньо в тілі обсадної колони, за допомогою створення вакуумного середовища без залучення вакуумних насосів. При цьому занурювальний насос буде виконувати роль вакуумного насосу. Для реалізації такої ідеї було виконане теоретичне обґрунтування технічних рішень, в якому розглядаються два завдання: 1) створити повну герметизацію свердловини; 2) розробити конструкцію, коли занурювальний насос буде виконувати одночасно функції водопідйому та вакуумного насосу. В результаті досліджень розроблений пристрій, який відноситься до гідротехніки і може бути використаний у водопостачанні, гідромеліорації при заборі підземних вод і отримав назву пристрій для захисту занурювального насосу від сухого ходу. Використання пристрою для захисту занурювального насосу від сухого ходу дозволяє знизити витрати на регенерацію низькодебітних свердловин, за рахунок відсутності демонтажу конструктивних частин свердловини, обладнання і устаткування, які встановлені в ній, що дозволяє значно скоротити експлуатаційні витрати.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В СИСТЕМІ SEO-АНАЛІТИКИ ВЕБСАЙТІВ
Authors: Горбань Г. В. , Кандиба І. О. , Раленко В. С. , Стоєв Є. Д.
Published: May 2024

У статті розглянуто теоретичні основи SEO-аналітики вебсайтів та застосування штучного інтелекту в цій галузі. Проаналізовано основні завдання SEO-аналітики, до яких належать вимірювання та аналіз таких показників як кількість відвідувачів сайту, джерела трафіку, способи взаємодії користувачів з контентом. Це дозволяє зрозуміти ефективні канали привертання аудиторії та аспекти контенту, що привертають увагу. Також розглядаються завдання з аналізу руху ключових слів в пошукових системах, перевірки технічних аспектів на предмет впливу на ранжування, дослідження зовнішніх посилань. Описано застосування методів штучного інтелекту в SEO-аналітиці для автоматизації процесів. Розроблено функціональну модель системи SEO-аналітики на основі методів штучного інтелекту. Інформаційна модель бази даних, розроблена для системи SEO-аналітики, дала змогу чітко уявити структуру та логіку зберігання даних, необхідних для функціонування системи. Визначення основних сутностей, їх атрибутів і зв’язків між сутностями дозволяє ефективно зберігати та отримувати дані для подальшої обробки. Комплексно розглянуто питання архітектури, моделювання та проєктування програмного забезпечення для системи SEO-аналітики вебсайтів. Визначено функції та взаємодії основних складових цієї моделі – бази даних, сервісних компонентів, представлення інтерфейсу. За допомогою UML-діаграм послідовності та діяльності описано процеси, що відбуваються у системі. Розроблений детальний функціонал системи, що задовольняє всі поставлені вимоги. Представлено результати тестування та апробації програмного забезпечення системи SEO-аналітики. Етап експериментальної апробації дав змогу детально перевірити працездатність системи на реальних даних, проілюструвати можливості реалізації всіх необхідних функцій. Алгоритми штучного інтелекту, реалізовані в програмному забезпеченні, показали високий рівень точності обробки та аналізу текстової інформації, виділення ключових слів та побудови семантичних зв’язків.
Єфремова Н. В. Історія України та української культури : метод. реком. для підготовки до практичн. занять та самостійної роботи для здобувачів вищ. освіти ступ. «бакалавр», в галузі знань 29 «Міжнародні відносини» за спеціальністю 293 «Міжнародне право» факультету судового та міжнародного права НУ «Одес. юрид. академія» [Електронне видання]
Authors:   Національний університет ", Єфремова Наталя Володимирівна ,   Одеська юридична академія", Корнієнко Ірина Валеріївна
Published: May 2024

Методичні рекомендації підготовлено з метою надання методичної допомоги в опанування дисципліною «Історія України та української культури» й самостійного вивчення найважливіших тем. Матеріали рекомендацій складено з урахуванням змін, внесених до навчального плану в 2023 р. Видання містить навчальні матеріали, плани практичних занять та список літератури, пояснення щодо змісту самостійної роботи здобувачів та питання до екзамену із зазначеної дисципліни. Видання стане у нагоді всім, хто цікавиться питаннями історії держави і права зарубіжних країн та України.
Monitoreo de variables climáticas en la producción del hongo seta (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. Posgrado enIngeniería Agrícola y Uso Integral del Agua.Texcoco. Estado de México. México., Ruiz-González Luis Gerardo , Salazar-Moreno Raquel , Gómez-Águila María Victoria ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. Departamento deIngeniería Mecánica Agrícola. Texcoco. Estado deMéxico. México.
Published: May 2024

Mushrooms are sensitive to changes in temperature and relative humidity, keepingthese variables at optimal levels helps to generate better quality, higher yields, andcan also prevent pests and diseases. The objectives of this work were to present theproduction process of the mushroom fungus, monitor the temperature and relativehumidity that exists in the production warehouse. This research was carried out in aproduction unit located in Texcoco Mexico, where two different experiments werecarried out, in each experiment six bags were planted with a total of 20 kg of moistsubstrate. The highest production was obtained in experiment two with 12.89 kg,while in experiment one 10.93 kg was generated. Another important aspect in thiswork was enthalpy. The range of the calculated enthalpy for experiment one wasfrom 15 kJ kg⁻¹ to 95.73 kJ kg⁻¹ and for experiment two was from 22.27 kJ kg⁻¹ to88.97 kJ kg⁻¹ Another objective was to know the fixed and variable expenses that areincurred when producing the mushroom and to determine some economic indicatorsto know if the production of mushrooms on a small scale is profitable.
Remembering Dr. Peter W. Hart: Dedicated leader, mentor, friend
Authors: ADAN JONATHAN
Published: May 2024

Dr. Peter W. Hart, a true pioneer in the pulp and paper industry, passed away on May 11, 2024. His legacy will be celebrated for many years. As we reflect on Hart’s remarkable life and achievements, we celebrate his positive impact on TAPPI and the industry. He was a beloved TAPPI member, editor, author, instructor, and mentor.
Polyvinylamine as a wet-end additive: Effects of pH and anionic contamination
Authors: LITAVECZ MICHAEL S. , PUTNEY SARAH , SEIDEL IAN J. , DAVIS MORGAN E. , ZAMBRANO FRANKLIN , HUBBE MARTIN A.
Published: May 2024

The effects of polyvinylamine (PVAm) on papermaking process attributes and handsheet quality were evaluated for a recycled copy paper furnish in a near neutral-to-alkaline pH range. The degree of protonation of primary amine groups, such as those in PVAm, is known to decrease with increasing pH. Streaming potential tests surprisingly showed that a high treatment level of PVAm on the copy paper furnish was able to maintain a net positive zeta potential up to pH of about 11, whereas charge demand titrations indicated that PVAm maintained its positive charge character up to about pH 10. Favorable dewatering was observed when the furnish had been pretreated with 1% polyacrylate dispersant prior to treatment with PVAm at the 0.5% level, and the mass of filtrate increased slightly with increasing pH. First-pass retention tests showed poor retention efficiency in systems where the furnish had been treated with the dispersant, then PVAm, in an unfavorable pH range of about 9 to 9.5. Higher retention was achieved both at pH 8.2 and at pH 10 or higher. Handsheets showed superior breaking length results in the systems where the stock had been pretreated with the dispersant, though strength decreased strongly with increasing pH. Differences in filler content, as indicated by ash analysis, were not large enough to account for the observed strength differences. Formation uniformity was substantially increased by the pretreatment with dispersant, even in the presence of PVAm and throughout the studied pH range.
Analysis of the Class 1 Integrons, Carbapenemase Genes and Biofilm Formation Genes Occurrence in Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates
Authors: Xiu Yu , Dai Yueru , Yin Shasha , Wei Quhao
Published: May 2024

Acinetobacter baumannii is a non-fermentative Gram-negative bacterium that can cause nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) has spread rapidly in clinical settings and has become a key concern. The main objective of this study was to identify the distribution of integrons and biofilm-formation-related virulence genes in CRAB isolates. A total of 269 A. baumannii isolates (219 isolates of CRAB and 50 isolates of carbapenem-sensitive A. baumannii (CSAB)) were collected. Carbapenemase genes (bla
KPC, bla
VIM, bla
IMP, bla
NDM, and bla
OXA-23-like) and biofilm-formation-related virulence genes (abal, bfms, bap, and cusE) were screened with PCR. Class 1 integron was screened with PCR, and common promoters and gene cassette arrays were determined with restriction pattern analysis combined with primer walking sequencing. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted, and data were analyzed for a bla
OXA-23-like-negative isolate. All 219 CRAB isolates were negative for bla
KPC, bla
VIM, bla
IMP, and bla
NDM, while bla
OXA-23-like was detected in 218 isolates. The detection rates for abal, bfms, bap, and cusE in 219 CRAB were 93.15%, 63.93%, 88.13%, and 77.63%, respectively. Class 1 integron was detected in 75 CRAB (34.25%) and in 3 CSAB. The single gene cassette array aacA4-catB8-aadA1 with relatively strong PcH2 promoter was detected in class 1 integrons. The bla
OXA-23-like-negative CRAB isolate was revealed to be a new sequence type (Oxford 3272, Pasteur 2520) carrying bla
OXA-72, bla
OXA-259, and bla
ADC-26. In conclusion, bla
OXA-23-like was the main reason for CRAB’s resistance to carbapenems. A new (Oxford 3272, Pasteur 2520) CRAB sequence type carrying the bla
OXA-72, bla
OXA-259, and bla
ADC-26 was reported.
A Modified Reactive Powder Concrete Made with Fly Ash and River Sand: An Assessment on Engineering Properties and Microstructure
Authors: Huynh Trong-Phuoc , Ngo Si-Huy , Nguyen Van-Dung
Published: May 2024

Containing a high quantity of both fine powders and steel fiber makes reactive powder concrete (RPC) a unique kind of ultra-high strength concrete. However, the cost of manufacture, shrinkage, and hydration heat are increased when silica fume and cement are used in significant amounts. To mitigate these negative consequences and the environmental impact, this study assessed the use of fly ash (FA) with high volume combined with natural-fine river sand (NFRS) in the manufacturing of RPC. FA was utilized to partially substitute cement at 0, 20, 40, and 60 wt% in RPC mixtures that had a set water/binder ratio of 0.2. Thermal conductivity, porosity, water absorption, and compressive strength tests were performed. Furthermore, RPC's microstructure was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). This study also included a cost and global warming potential analysis of RPC production. Test results indicated that a modified RPC with a 60 MPa compressive strength value could be created by using NFRS and a large amount of FA. In comparison to the reference mixture, a higher compressive strength, reduced water absorption, and lesser porosity were observed in RPC when the FA replacement amount was less than 40%. Many FA particles did not engage in the hydration reaction when the FA replacement level was more than 40%, which had a detrimental impact on the RPC's characteristics. In general, using FA to produce RPC has certain benefits for the economy and the environment. It is recommended that 40% of FA be used in actual practice.
Analisis Peran Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Kreativitas Seni Anak Usia Dini Di PAUD Telaga Woyo Desa Woyo Kecamatan Taliabu Barat
Authors: Oktaviani Winda , Samad Rita , Hakim Uswatul , Sultoni Agus , Umaternate Kurniafita
Published: May 2024

Setelah mengkaji data hasil observasi dan wawancara, temuan penelitian di PAUD Telaga Woyo Desa Woyo Kecamatan Taliabu Barat menunjukkan bahwa peran guru dalam membina kreativitas pada anak usia dini belum maksimal. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya pemahaman guru dan kepala sekolah terkait dengan pengembangan kreativitas seni. Guru telah mengajarkan kreativitas seni, namun belum sesuai dengan enam aspek perkembangan. Pengajaran lebih terfokus pada kegiatan di dalam kelas saja. Guru sebagai motivator dan mediator dalam mengembangkan kreativitas seni anak di PAUD Telaga Woyo sudah memberikan motivasi, namun pengembangan kreativitas tersebut belum dilakukan secara maksimal.
Examination of teachers’ opinions on lifelong learning
Authors: Çiftçi Serkan , Sağlam Abdulkadir , Yayla Ahmet , Erbasan Ömer
Published: May 2024

The modern world is moving towards a multifaceted and increasingly complex structure. In this process, it is foreseen that there will be a transition from an information society to a skills society and focus on the skills of the future. These skills are essential for each individual's personal growth, career advancement, work and social integration, and active citizenship. In this process, it is also important to develop skills such as creativity, critical thinking, problem solving, entrepreneurship, managing emotions, and decision making. In order to be successful and develop the skills of the future, it is of great importance to sustain lifelong learning and personal development. The aim of study is to determine the perceptions about lifelong learning of teachers who continue their postgraduate studies and have completed their postgraduate studies. The study is set up as a descriptive survey, which is a form of quantitative research. The data was collected by the "Lifelong Learning Scale" and with the necessary permissions was used. This scale includes 28 items aimed at the teacher's perception on lifelong learning. The sample of the study consists of 374 teachers working in Van province in the 2020-2021 academic year and selected using criterion sampling from purposeful sampling methods. The data obtained were analysed by descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage are used to evaluate the demographic characteristics of the teachers and non-parametric test applications are used in the analysis of the data. According to the study's findings, the educators who took part in it all had a favourable attitude regarding the long-term sustainability of lifelong learning and demonstrated that the social and individual consequences of lifetime learning can have a long-term impact on society. Some crucial efforts can be taken to ensure that people have the skills of the age in order to create awareness about lifelong learning in accordance with the needs of the twenty-first century. Therefore, it is essential that education systems and individuals understand the importance of lifelong learning and make it a philosophy of life.
Sosyobilimsel konularda farklı kaynaklardan bilgi edinen 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin ön ve son argümantasyon kalitelerinin incelenmesi
Authors: Ergunt Esra , Yılmaz Serkan
Published: May 2024

Baz istasyonları ve GDO’lar hakkında araştırma, sunum ve röportaj yollarıyla bilgi edinmeden önce ve sonra üretilen sözlü argümantasyonların kalitesini inceleyen bu çalışma, Ankara’da bir kamu ortaokulunda yürütülmüştür. Pilot çalışma 25 yedinci sınıf öğrencisiyle, asıl çalışma ise aynı okuldaki 36 sekizinci sınıf öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Katılımcılar öncelikle uygun örnekleme yoluyla seçilmiş, daha sonra ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak her biri 12 öğrenciden oluşan araştırma, sunum ve röportaj gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Bütüncül çoklu durum desenli bu çalışmanın veri toplama araçları sınıf içi tartışmalar, tartışmacılık ölçeği ve kavram karikatürleridir. Araştırmada bilgi edinme kaynakları üç gruba rastgele atanmıştır. Araştırma grubu bilgiyi araştırma yoluyla, sunum grubu bilgiyi bir uzman aracılığıyla, röportaj grubu ise bilgiyi üç farklı kişi ile görüşerek elde etmiştir. Her grupta, tartışmacılık puanları açısından benzer ancak sosyobilimsel konulardaki görüşleri açısından farklı üçer öğrenciden oluşan dört alt grup oluşturulmuştur. Gruplar bilgi edinme süreçleri öncesinde ve sonrasında argümantasyon süreçlerine katılmış, küçük grup ve toplu sınıf tartışmaları gerçekleştirilmiş ve tamamı ses kaydına alınmıştır. Deşifre edilen yazılı döküme içerik analizi uygulanmıştır. Belirlenen 152 argümantasyon bölümü için tüm gruplarda en fazla argümantasyon 2. seviyede üretilmiş ve sonraki seviyelerde frekanslar giderek azalmıştır. En fazla sayıda kaliteli sözlü argümantasyon araştırma grubunda üretilirken, röportaj grubu bu açıdan son sırada yer almıştır. Tüm seviyelerde baz istasyonları için GDO’lara göre daha fazla argümantasyon üretilmiştir. Son süreçte ise öncekine oranla daha fazla ve daha kaliteli argümantasyon üretildiği görülmüştür. Son olarak, araştırma sonuçları doğrultusunda bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
The level of associating physics subjects with life: Analysis of the secondary school physics curriculum
Authors: Bezen Sevim , Derman İpek
Published: May 2024

This research aims to ascertain the extent of association between the secondary school physics course curriculum and real-life situations. The goal is to determine how well students can be prepared for life within the scope of this course. The research employed the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods. The data source for this research is the secondary school physics course curriculum (grades 9th through 12th), published by the Board of Education in 2018. The Secondary School Physics Curriculum was analyzed comprehensively and in detail using the content analysis method, specifically focusing on the 'Themes and Indicators Related to Relating the Science Course to Life.' The research examined the secondary school physics curriculum in two sections. In the first part, the 'Ministry of National Education Curriculum' and the 'Implementation of the Secondary Education Physics Course Curriculum' were scrutinized. In the second part, the achievements and explanations related to the units, subjects, and 'Relation to Life' under the 'Structure of the Secondary School Physics Course Curriculum' were examined. The research revealed a frequent emphasis on 'Relation to Life' in the secondary school physics curriculum. It can be asserted that the education of scientifically literate individuals is reinforced by emphasizing its connection to everyday life in the secondary school physics curriculum. The study has uncovered that the cultivation of critical thinking skills is promoted through tasks that require students to apply their physics knowledge to real-life problems. It can be stated that the physics program also aims to prevent possible learning difficulties in students by enabling them to discover that physics is a part of life.
Öğretmenlerin örgütsel mutluluğunun çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi: Bir meta-analiz çalışması
Authors: Sarıer Yılmaz
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki öğretmenlerin örgütsel mutluluklarının; cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, branş ve kıdem değişkenlerine göre farklılaşma düzeylerinin meta-analiz yöntemiyle incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda yapılan literatür taramasında 2022 yılı ve öncesinde Türkiye'de üretilmiş olan ve öğretmenlerin örgütsel mutluluğunu inceleyen 63 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada belirlenen ölçütlere uygun olan 25 yayın araştırmaya dâhil edilmiş ve bu araştırmaların verileri yapılan çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada etki büyüklüğünün hesaplanmasında “CMA-Comprehensive Meta-Analysis” yazılımından yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada, yayın yanlılığının olup olmadığını anlamak için huni saçılım grafiği, Begg ve Mazumdar Sıra Korelasyon Testi ve Egger Doğrusal Regresyon Testi kullanılmış ve yayın yanlılığının olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Hedges’g katsayısı kullanılmış ve güven aralığı % 95 olarak alınmıştır. İncelenen çalışmalar heterojen özellik gösterdiğinden dolayı çalışmaların etki büyüklükleri rastgele etkiler modeline göre hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen analizler sonucunda cinsiyet açısından erkeklerin (g=.019), medeni durum açısından evli öğretmenlerin (g=.038), eğitim durumu açısından lisansüstü mezunu olan öğretmenlerin (g=.003), branş açısından sınıf öğretmenlerinin (g=.119) ve kıdem değişkeni açısından 21 yıl ve üzeri kıdeme sahip olan öğretmenlerin (g=.115) puanlarının yüksek olduğunu göstermiş ancak bu değerlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı sonucuna da ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; yıl, yayın türü, bölge, öğretim kademesi ve çalışmada kullanılan ölçek moderatör değişkenlerinin, öğretmenlerin örgütsel mutlulukları açısından hesaplanan etki büyüklüğü değerleri üzerinde anlamlı etkiye (farklılaşmaya) neden olmadıkları belirlenmiştir.
Okul yöneticilerinin kayırmacı tutum ve davranışlarının okul etkililiği üzerine etkisi
Authors: Polat Özge , Kazak Ender
Published: May 2024

Örgüt yöneticisinin eşitliği bozup adil davranmayarak bir çalışana hak ettiğinin üstünde maddi ya da manevi ödüller vermesi kayırmacılık olarak ifade edilmektedir. Etkililik kavramı ise belirlenen hedeflere ulaşılma derecesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin, okul yöneticilerinin kayırmacı tutum ve davranışlarına ilişkin algıları ile etkili okul algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmada, ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma örneklemi, 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında Düzce ili Merkez ilçesinde bulunan resmi ortaokul kademesinde görev yapan dört yüz yirmi yedi öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin okul yöneticilerinin kayırmacı tutum ve davranışlarına ilişkin algı düzeyi ile ilgili veri toplamak amacıyla Erdem ve Meriç (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Okul Yönetiminde Kayırmacılık Ölçeği (OYKÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin etkili okul algı düzeyleri ile ilgili veri toplamak amacıyla ise Abdurrezzak ve Uğurlu (2019) tarafından geliştirilen “Etkili Okul Ölçeği (EOÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, öğretmenlerin kayırmacılık algı düzeylerinin çok düşük düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin etkili okul algı düzeylerinin ortalamanın üstünde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin algılarına göre, okul yöneticilerinin kayırmacı tutum ve davranışları ile etkili okul arasında anlamlı, orta düzeyde ve negatif yönlü bir ilişki söz konusudur. Diğer bir bulguya göre, öğretmenlerin okul yöneticilerinin kayırmacı tutum ve davranışlarına ilişkin algılarının, etkili okul algı düzeyini orta düzeyde yordadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular çerçevesinde uygulayıcılara ve araştırmacılara önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Farmers’ adaptation to climate change and water consumption in southwest Iran: application of switching regression
Authors: Mardani Najafabadi M , Forouzani M , Nikmehr S
Published: May 2024

The effects of climate change on the agricultural sector in developing countries have been discussed to a considerable extent in scientific and political circles. This study focuses on the effects of climate change on the agricultural sector and investigates adaptation measures and their effects on agricultural water consumption. Specifically, this study investigates how farmers’ adaptation measures in response to climate change affect water consumption. A choice model was first used to study the factors influencing the adoption of strategies to adapt to climate change by farmers. Then, an endogenous switching regression model and counterfactual analysis were applied to quantify the effect of adaptation strategies on water consumption. To assess the effectiveness of the model introduced, farmers of Bavi County in Khuzestan province, Iran, were chosen as a sample population. Data were collected in a survey of 335 farmers using a multi-stage random sampling method in 2022-2023. The findings indicated that education, access to agricultural extension services, age, and proximity to the market significantly influenced the adoption of adaptation measures. Analysis of various scenarios demonstrated that farmers implementing adaptation strategies had notably lower average water consumption compared to those who did not. Specifically, water management practices had the most substantial effect, reducing water usage by 2277 m3 ha-1. These results are valuable for informing the development of public policies and agricultural extension programs aimed at promoting successful adaptation strategies among farmers.
The psychological scars of burns in survivors and their partners
Authors:   , van Dam Maria Elisabeth
Published: May 2024

A burn can be a traumatic experience for both the survivor and the partner. This thesis aims to enhance our understanding of the traumatic impact of burn injuries on the quality of life of burn survivors and the psychological symptoms experienced by their partners. The research is divided into two main parts. In the first part, the focus is on the development and trajectory of PTSD symptoms in partners of burn survivors, examining how the interpersonal behavior of both partners influences these symptoms over time. The second part investigates the impact of the survivor’s PTSD symptoms on their health-related quality of life (HRQL) and fatigue. Additionally, the study explores different recovery patterns to pre-burn HRQL levels and compares the perspectives of survivors and their partners on the survivor’s pre-burn HRQL. The findings reveal significant insights into the mental well-being of burn survivors and their partners during the 18 months following the injury. Both survivors and their partners may experience post-traumatic stress symptoms. The study highlights the importance of couple dynamics, showing that partners who are more involved in the mental well-being of burn survivors can help reduce the survivors' traumatic stress. Conversely, it is crucial for the partners' own well-being that they do not suppress their feelings out of a desire to protect the survivor. Furthermore, early signs of post-traumatic stress in burn survivors are strong predictors of persistent symptoms and a long-term decline in quality of life, and increased fatigue. These results underscore the importance of early detection and continuous monitoring of psychological symptoms, both in the hospital and throughout the aftercare phase. The significant impact of post-traumatic stress symptoms supports the implementation of trauma-informed care, emphasizing early symptom recognition and the need for care practices that are aligned with the psychological needs of both patients and their families.
Making sense of nonsense in the context of Cystic Fibrosis
Authors:   , Spelier Alexandra
Published: May 2024

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic, severe, respiratory disease that can be caused by different mutations in the CFTR gene. Whilst for some mutations highly efficient treatments are available, roughly 10% of all people with CF suffer from a large unmet clinical need. One type of mutation that has proven to be challenging in the context of therapy development in particular, is a so-called nonsense mutation. The main studied treatment regimen for treating nonsense mutations is based on compounds that induce translational readthrough. Such readthrough compounds act through various mode-of-actions to promote the incorporation of non-cognate amino acids (AAs), which consequently results in translation beyond the nonsense mutation site. However, preclinical studies often show contradictory results on readthrough compound efficacy when comparing different nonsense mutations, genetic diseases, model systems and read-outs. Additionally, whilst preclinical studies showed promising results in many cases, clinical studies, in a CF-overarching context, on readthrough compounds are so far disappointing.

In the studies described in this thesis, we therefore set out to study novel strategies for treating nonsense mutations. For example, we show that by combining different drugs with different modes of action (MoAs), nonsense mutations cán be rescued. Furthermore, we characterized the efficiency of drugs that are already used in a clinical setting to see whether they may have repurposing potential for CF. Developing new drugs is exceptionally time-consuming and expensive, especially in the context of rare diseases. In this regard, drug repurposing is an attractive solution that holds economical and time-wise benefits. Indeed, we found that several drug families hold repurposing potential for CF.

Importantly, throughout the studies described in this thesis, we exploited CF patient-derived intestinal organoids (PDIOs): primary cells that recapitulate the genetic background of the person from whom the cells were isolated. We used PDIOs harboring different mutations in the forskolin-induced swelling assay, which allows characterization of CFTR function and as such allows for assessing treatment efficiency in a personalized context. In one of our studies, we indeed treated an individual with CF successfully based on results obtained in our preclinical experiments.

Whilst many challenges need to be tackled, we envisage that the work presented in this thesis aids in advancing precision medicine for CF and that concepts we explore here can be transferred to other diseases. We hope and expect that additional ongoing and future studies, that build on the work presented here, will further pave the way towards therapy development and availability for all people with CF.
Strain variation matters: Understanding Staphylococcus aureus infection dynamics in dairy cattle
Authors:   , Exel Catharina Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

Udder inflammation, also known as mastitis, is a major problem in dairy cows due to lower milk production, treatment costs, culling and damage to welfare. Mastitis is mainly caused by bacterial infections, of which Staphylococcus aureus is a common species. This bacterium, an opportunistic pathogen often present in the microbiota, can cause several diseases in addition to mastitis in many different animal species. Strains of S. aureus show great variability, they can be grouped into clonal complexes (CCs). It is known that strains from different CCs vary in properties, for example the preferred host and whether they occur mainly in the udder or in other sites. Current control measures are largely based on biosecurity and antibiotic treatment, but their effectiveness is limited, mainly due to the diversity of strains. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of strain differences on the epidemiology of S. aureus mastitis and to develop better control measures, such as vaccination, against S. aureus mastitis in dairy cattle.

Results from a stochastic bioeconomic simulation model showed that removal of infected cows was the most effective measure for all strains, with lower incidence of intra-mammary infections (IMI), fewer treatment days and higher net income than other measures based on antibiotic treatment. Other measures showed a strain-dependent effect, where for example the spill-over strain, which has a source outside the udder, was less sensitive to certain measures than other strains.

Body sites can be a source of S. aureus mastitis, especially the hock of cows is often colonized. In dairy goats, the nose in particular appeared to be colonized, which shows that colonization patterns differ between animal species. These insights may help in the development of specific measures to control S. aureus mastitis on different farms and in different animal species.

The use of wall teichoic acid (WTA), a cell wall specific sugar structure, as a possible vaccine antigen was investigated, as existing vaccines do not provide sufficient protection against the variety of strains. Genetic variation in the tar genes, which decorate WTA with N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), was found between strains, which may influence immunological recognition. This will have to be elaborated in further research.

The work presented in this thesis has shown that strain variation has a major impact on the epidemiology, antigen expression and the impact of various control measures against S. aureus infections. Strain variation is therefore important and must be taken into account when implementing measures against S. aureus mastitis.
Fermat' s Last Theorem
Authors: Muhammad Taha
Published: May 2024

Abstract of Fermat’s Last Theorem proof I relate Fermat's Last Theorem to the three-dimensional geometric shapes of triangles and three sides that do not form a triangle. These geometric shapes represent all positive natural numbers. I did prove in every shape that Fermat's Last Theorem is wrong. The whole proofs are on approximately five pages long (11 in X 8 in).
Flexible Earth-Fiber Structures in 3D Printing
Authors: Te Sherry Aine , Ben-Alon Lola
Published: May 2024

3D printing has been shown to offer greater geometrical accuracy and production efficiency for textile and fabric-like structures. However, current 3D printed textiles have been exploring 3-dimensionality of lattice flexibility, mostly using petroleum-based material mixtures such as PLA (polylactic acid). Natural earth- and bio-based materials are minimally processed and use natural substances that may mitigate carbon intensities by reducing the amount of thermal and chemical processing. Specifically, with earth-based materials as an emerging research direction in additive manufacturing, deposited layers of material can create lattice objects. This paper presents a novel development that uses earth-fiber mix designs to create digital techniques for 3D printable flexible structures. Using a range of patterns and geometries, the 3D printed textiles were designed to exhibit a range of densities and patterns. Geometrical tectonics were applied using the mechanism of weaving (wefting and warping) to the different iterations that were created in this research. Material mix-designs were shown to heavily influence the resulting performance of the fabric. The findings demonstrate the capability of producing flexible soil-fiber flexible structures with characteristics akin to traditional knitted textiles, emphasizing promising prospects for further advancement and practical application of natural materials into architectural and wearable artifacts.
Data-to-Deal (D2D) in Uruguay: Mobilising Financial Resources Through a Long-Term Plan
Authors: José Sauma Chacón María , Quirós Tortós Jairo , Boza-Nuñez Efraín , Amador-Pérez Dariel , Luscombe Hannah , Agnelli Lorenzo , Foster Vivien , Howells Mark
Published: May 2024

Data-to-Deal (D2D) is a pioneering approach developed by over 80 global experts to address the urgent need for financial mobilization towards climate-compatible growth. At its core, D2D leverages open data and informed policymaking to drive the transition towards sustainable, low-carbon economies. The approach facilitates billions of dollars in financial mobilisation by crafting national visions that guide the development of customised climate finance strategies. Initially documented in Costa Rica, the D2D method has been further elaborated through case studies in Uruguay, Chile, and the Dominican Republic, each providing valuable insights into the process's application and effectiveness in varying national contexts. The three additional case studies reveal both common themes and unique challenges faced by each country in implementing the D2D approach. Across the board, a robust legal and institutional framework forms the bedrock of successful D2D application. This includes the development of Long-Term Strategies (LTS) that align with each country's broader development goals, ensuring that climate action is integrated into national priorities. Moreover, each case underscores the importance of multisectoral collaboration, involving government, private sector, academia, and civil society in the LTS development and implementation process. This collaborative effort ensures a comprehensive and inclusive approach to climate action, reflecting a wide range of perspectives and expertise. Uruguay's case is notable for its focus on achieving carbon dioxide neutrality by 2050 while safeguarding its crucial agricultural sector, demonstrating a tailored approach to balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability.
Eliminating the Term Vψ and Coefficient 1/2 From Schrodinger’s Wave Equation
Authors: Soltani Abolfazl
Published: May 2024

The validity of the de Broglie formula λ=h⁄p for matter waves has been confirmed by numerous experiments such as Davisson-Germer and G. P. Thomson experiments. But there is a big problem here. If λ=h⁄p is valid for matter waves, we must be able to obtain it for these waves using the mathematical calculations. But as you will see here, according to de Broglie's hypothesis, which considers matter wave energy is E=hf, this work is impossible; and so, we must change the matter wave energy equation to extract λ=h⁄p. The change in the equation of energy causes two important changes in the Schrodinger’s wave equation. These two changes bring us to a new wave equation. In the fourth part of the article, you will see that we need a new atomic model for the hydrogen atom due to some problems. The new model leads us to new results and findings. In this Article, we show what the cause of the quantization of the orbits in the Bohr atomic model is.
Write Without Worry
Authors: Wilson Stephen
Published: May 2024

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative that classrooms provide a sense of community and belonging that encourages learning and gives students a space to actively engage with their instructors, classmates, and the content in a way that allows for risk-taking and emotional reward. For humanities courses, providing low-stakes writing opportunities in the classroom can help achieve this. This article discusses how to implement a low-stakes writing practice called “Write Without Worry,” inspired by the work of Peter Elbow. Using qualitative research, the article addresses the practice itself, provides examples and strategies used in remedial English and composition courses, discusses how it helps build community within the classroom between students with various backgrounds and experiences, and shows how the practice can lead to increases in student engagement and success.
About the Volume
Authors: Elliott (Production Manager) Emily
Published: May 2024

Cover photo courtesy of National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA.