bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of Clinical and Functional Outcomes in the Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty during Postoperative Period
Authors: Venkatesan Aakaash Sethuraman , Jayasankar Perur , Williams Sudhakar
Published: January 2021

Background and objective

Patient-reported outcome measures continue to play an important role in assessing the performance and determining the comparative effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty. Patient's satisfaction can be influenced by many factors, such as, residual pain, postoperative functionality, and the presence of postoperative complications and hence we evaluated clinical and functional outcomes following total knee arthroplasty. This study was conducted to bust the myth of postoperative pain and disability following a total knee replacement.

Materials and methods

A prospective observational cohort study was conducted among the patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty in the Department of Orthopaedics in the Sundaram Medical Foundation during the study period of March 2017 and January 2018. A total of 30 cases were included. During their follow-up, patient's outcomes were assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and American Knee Society Scores (AKSS). Data were analyzed using SPSS v.17.

Results

At the end of 6 months, 76.7% of participants were satisfied with their outcome. Significant improvement was noted in both clinical (p = 0.000) and functional outcome (p = 0.000) of AKSS and total WOMAC scores (p = 0.007) during the follow-up at the sixth month. Also, there was a significant difference in AKSS scores noted with respect to age but other parameters like duration of illness and type of arthritis were not significant.

Conclusion

The majority of study subjects were satisfied with the clinical and functional outcome based on WOMAC and AKSS, which in turn encouraged them to undergo total knee replacement of the other knee.

Clinical significance

From our study, we could determine the importance of patient- and clinician-reported outcome measures in predicting the satisfaction of the patient following total knee replacement. Assessment of a patient planned for total knee replacement, with the outcome scores both preoperatively and postoperatively will give us a brief idea on how better the patient will fair following surgery and will also help us in the rehabilitation of the patient accordingly.

How to cite this article

Venkatesan AS, Jayasankar P, Williams S. An Assessment of Clinical and Functional Outcomes in the Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty during Postoperative Period. J Orth Joint Surg 2020;2(2):57–61.
Audit Reporting Lag and Firm Value in Nigerian Food and Beverage Companies
Authors: Akeem Lawal Babatunde , Rufus Akintoye Ishola , Abiodun Sanyaolu Wasiu , Olawum Lawal Busayo
Published: January 2021

Delays in financial reporting give a negative signal to the market and adversely affect the company’s market value. Financial reporting lags raise suspicions among market participants regarding concealment of any potential bad news by a firm, which may affect its share value. Thus, the study investigates the interaction of audit reporting lag and firm value in Nigerian beverage and food companies. Audit delays lead to the late publication of financial statements, enhancing the information asymmetry problem, and affecting firm value. We obtained the data from annual reports of 10 listed companies for five years. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation is used to analyze the data. The results suggest that audit delays do not affect the market value of a firm. Previous studies mainly focus on the relationship between corporate governance firm characteristics, and audit reporting lag in Nigeria. To the best of our knowledge, the impact of audit delays on firm value in Nigeria is yet to be adequately explored. The finding may help statutory bodies in reducing the period of financial reporting. The results may also help firms improve their performance and promote an environment that may give investors confidence. This study has focused on the food and beverage sector in Nigeria. Future studies can be undertaken in other sectors which may bring more insight to the issues related to financial reporting lags.
The impact of Covid-19 on the pediatric dentistry clinic: An integrative review
Authors:   Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), 2125 Getulio Vargas St, zip code: 89600-000, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil, De Dea Bruna Eliza , Ramos Grasieli de Oliveira ,   Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC). 2125 Getulio Vargas St, zip code: 89600-000, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Dallanora Lea Maria Franceschi ,   Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC). 2125 Getulio Vargas St, zip code: 89600-000, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Montalli Victor Angelo Martins ,   São Leopoldo Mandic. 13 doctor José Rocha Junqueira St., Swift, zip code: 13045-755. Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, Duarte Danilo Antônio ,   São Leopoldo Mandic. 13 doctor José Rocha Junqueira St., Swift, zip code: 13045-755. Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Published: January 2021

At the end of 2019, new cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology were identified in China, the cause was attributed to a new type of coronavirus, this infection quickly spread to other countries and gained pandemic status by World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. Therefore, containment measures were taken, including social isolation and pause in dental care, since the aerosols generated during this care are classified as high risk for contamination by COVID-19. In this context, children do not seem to be very affected by this infection, since the number of cases is low, but they are considered asymptomatic carriers, contributing to the transmission of the virus to other people. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the literature in an integrative way, seeking to elucidate the impacts of these factors on the clinical practice of pediatric dentistry. The search resulted in 290 articles, of which 33 were selected for full reading, and 29 articles were included in the integrative review. The COVID-19 pandemic greatly changed the practice in dentistry, new biosafety protocols were established, aiming to minimize viral spread, in pediatric dentistry, dental care was reduced to cases of urgency and emergency, as children are asymptomatic carriers of viruses and when they manifest symptoms, they are less severe when compared to adults. Another recommendation is that whenever dental intervention in pediatric dentistry is necessary, non-invasive or minimally invasive techniques that reduce aerosols should be prioritized.
What is Media Assistance and (Why) Does It Matter? The Case of Polish Foreign Aid to the Media in Belarus and Ukraine
Authors: Galus Aleksandra
Published: January 2021

The paper offers an analysis of media assistance, as a specific form of foreign aid, that Poland offers to strengthen media development in Belarus and Ukraine. It shows if Poland tailors media assistance according to the local context and existing challenges for democratic changes of recipient countries’ media systems. The study builds on the literature concerning the media, development and democratization, in particular looking at media assistance as both democratic aid and public diplomacy. It reveals that Poland’s approaches to media development in Belarus and Ukraine do differ: Poland mainly provides autocratic Belarus with technical support for media established outside of that country, while clearly focusing on media capacity development in democratizing Ukraine. The findings show that Polish media assistance, however, is unlikely to boost media freedom in Belarus as is usually expected as an outcome of democratic aid and is under-financed in the case of Ukraine.
Advertising in Communication of the Catholic Church. The Case of Poland
Authors: Stępniak Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

Religious advertising as a kind of religious persuasive communication based on the element of the sacred is a Polish phenomenon. The article presents studies on religious advertising, its definition and typology and reception by select social groups. This kind of advertising confirms not only Hjelm’s concept of the visibility of religion, as it exists in both the media and public sphere, but also David Herbert’s concept of republicisation. In a country without a clear division between State and the Church, despite a well-researched decline in traditional religiosity, religion is visible in social media and facilitates development of human relationships, both online and offline. Commercial media, including the Catholic ones, seem to be perfectly subjugated to the logic of media, which supports Stig Hjarvard’s process of mediatization of religion.
PENGEMBANGAN PIRAMIDA PASCAL DALAM PENYELESIAN PERSOALAN MATEMATIKA PEMANGKATAN SUKU TIGA
Authors: Yusuf Aditya Dedy
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menyelesaikan persoalan yang sering dialami oleh siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama dan sedrajat atau siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas dan sedrajat dalam menyelesaikan persoalan matematika yang berkaitan dengan pemangkatan suku dua dan juga suku tiga. Disamping itu juga artikel ini juga bertujuan untuk mempermudah siswa dalam mengerjakan soal dengan tingkat kesulitan yang tinggi yang berkaitan dengan pemangkatan suku dua dan juga suku tiga. Membrikan pemahaman kepada siswa tentang konsep segitiga pascal dan juga piramida pascal serta cara menyusun rumus untuk pemangkatan suku dua dan juga suku tiga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode pengembangan atau R & D dan juga studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian adalah 1) ekspansi dari segitiga pascal untuk menyusun bilangan binomial . 2) ekspansi dari piramida pascal untuk menyusun bilangan binomial.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PENGEMBANGAN SEKOLAH (RPS) MELALUI PEMBINAAN BERKELANJUTAN DENGAN METODE WOKSHOP TAHUN 2019
Authors: Sugeng Sugeng
Published: January 2021

Berdasarkan hasil analisis pada masing masing siklus menunjukkan peningkatan Kinerja Kepala Sekolah dalam menyusun Rencana Pengembangan Sekolah (RPS) yakni: peningkatan banyaknya Kepala Sekolah yang mampu menyusun Rencana Pengembangan Sekolah (RPS) dari siklus I ke siklus II. Dengan demikan dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui kegiatan Workshop dapat meningkatkan Kinerja Kepala Sekolah dalam menyususn Rencana Pengembangan Sekolah (RPS) pada Rayon 2 yang ada di Pandeglang, Dengan workshop kemampuan Kepala Sekolah dapat ditingkatkan, utamanya kemampuan menyusun RPS yang sebelumnya mereka beranggapan bahwa RPS adalah pelengkap administrasi kepala sekolah belaka. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan memperoleh nilai 72,14 pada siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 85,71 pada siklus II.
ME-REVIEW KONTROVERSI UJIAN NASIONAL 2021
Authors: Bahaudin Bahaudin
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, yaitu metode yang memunyai karakteristik alami (natural setting) sebagai sumber data langsung, deskriptif, proses lebih dipentingkan dari pada hasil, analisis dalam penelitian kualitatif cenderung dilakukan secara analisis induktif serta makna merupakan hal yang esensial. Pada metode penelitian, penulis melakukan beberapa langkah, diantaranya: teknik analisis data, teknik pengumpulan data, sampel sumber data, Instrumen Penelitian, dan tempat penelitian. Hasil penelitaian pada journal ini membahas: tinjauan ujian nasional (UN) dalam sistem pendidikan nasional, strategi perancangan ujian nasional (UN), dan perlu-tidaknya ujian nasional (UN) sebgai alat evaluasi.
IMPOVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH COOPERATIVE LEARNING STRATEGY
Authors: Liah Khoiriyah Eneng
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research is to know whether cooperative learning can be used to improve students’ reading comprehension at SMK Ma’arif NU Pandeglang. Research hypothesis is to improve students’ reading comprehension through cooperative learning strategy. The method used in this research was takes descriptive qualitative which use cycle model, there are: plan, action, observation and reflection and use a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method. The data is gathered by giving test, multiple choice, and questioner. The result of the test obviously infers that there is contribution of using cooperative learning in improving students reading comprehension because have different score between cycle one and cycle two and get score hight than cycle one.
ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOALPOLA BILANGAN DITINJAU DARI ADVERSITY QUOTIENT KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 26 MAKASSAR
Authors: Mufakat Tamsil , Usman Muhammad Rizal
Published: January 2021

Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pola bilangan yang berkategori (1)climbers. (2) campers. (3) quitters.Subjek penelitian diambil dari satu rombongan belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 26 Makassar.Diberikan tes angket Adversity Quotient.Tes angket tersebut dipilih 1 subjek yang mewakili kategori climbers, campers, quitters.Ketiga subjek selanjutnya diberikan soal tes diagnosis untuk menganalisis kesulitan menyelesaikan soal pola bilangan.Selanjutnya dilakukan wawancara kepada subjek untuk menganalisis kesulitan menyelesaikan soal yang mengacu pada jawaban yang diberikan pada tes diagnosis. Berdasarkan Hasil analisis deskriptif kualitatif yang dilakukan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa (1) kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pola bilangan yang berkategoriclimbers adalah sulit dalam mempelajari barisan dan deret, kesulitan memahami prinsip dari pola bilangan persegi dikarenakan lupa dengan rumus, dan kesulitan dalam membedakan soal cerita dari materi pola bilangan. (2) kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pola bilangan yang berkategoricampersadalah subjek kesulitan mempelajari konsep penggunaan r – 1 dan 1 – r, kesulitan memahami prinsip yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan soal nomor 1 dikarenakan tidak menganalisis soal dengan baik, dan kesulitan mentransformasikan soal cerita kedalam kalimat matematika serta tidak mampu membedakan soal cerita barisan dan deret aritmatika. (3) kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pola bilangan yang berkategoriquitters adalah kesulitan mempelajari konsep dikarenakan pemahaman tentang konsep dari aritmatika dan geometri masih kurang, kesulitan memahami prinsip yang sama dengan subjek lainnya yaitu lupa dengan rumus yang digunakan dalam menjawab soal, dan kesulitan menyelesaikan soal bentuk verbal (skill). Ini terjadi karena ketidakmampuan menuliskan informasi yang ada disoal.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Melalui Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Menggunakan Bahan Ajar Gamifikasi
Authors: Pratama Anggara Yugo
Published: January 2021

Latar belakang dari penitian ini dikarenakan masih rendahnya pemahaman konsep matematis,dalam hal ini maka di adakanya penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memeperoleh hasil dari penerapan dari model pembelajaran project based learning untuk meningkatkankemampuan pemahaman konsep. Peserta didik kelas VIII MTS Al-Hikmah Bandar Lampung merupakan populasi dari penelitian ini dengan menggunakan sampel dua kelas dansatu kelas kontrol. Uji one away anova merupakan analasis yang dipakai dalam penelitian dengan sig 0,05. Dari hasil penelitian ini terjadi peningkatan pemahaman konsep, maka disimpulkan terjadinya suatu perbedaan peningkatan pada kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik dengan pembelajaran project based learning menggunakan bahan ajar gamifikasi, pembelajaran project based learning dan pembelajaran konvensional.
Effect of Metacognitive Scaffolding Teaching Strategy on Secondary School Physics Students’ Achievement and Attitude to Thermal Energy
Authors: Agu P.A. , Iyamu C.O.
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the effect of metacognitive scaffolding teaching strategy on secondary school physics students’ achievement and attitude to thermal energy in Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria. The study asked two research questions and postulated two null hypotheses which were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Quasi experimental research design involving non randomized control pretest-posttest design was utilized. The study population consisted of 2,699 Senior Secondary II (SSII) physics students from 54 public SSII physics students in FCT, Abuja. Multistage random sampling technique was used to select two intact classes having 75 SSII physics students from two SS as sample for the study. Two instruments consisting of Thermal Energy Achievement Test (TEAT) and Attitude to Thermal Energy Questionnaire (ATEQ) were used for data collection. The data collected from these instruments were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while the null hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Findings from the analyzed data showed that physics students taught using metacognitive scaffolding teaching strategy performed better than those physics students taught using conventional teaching method. Also, physics students taught using metacognitive scaffolding teaching strategy had better attitude towards thermal energy than their counterparts in the control group. Based on these findings, it was recommended among others that physics teachers should be encouraged to teach using metacognitive scaffolding teaching strategy. Government and educational agencies, curriculum planners and developers should encourage the training of physics teachers on metacognitive scaffolding teaching during seminars, workshops and conferences.
On the influence of erect shrubs on the irradiance profile in snow
Authors: Belke-Brea Maria , Domine Florent , Picard Ghislain , Barrere Mathieu , Arnaud Laurent
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The warming-induced expansion of shrubs in the Arctic is transforming snowpacks into a mixture of snow, impurities and buried branches. Because snow is a translucent medium into which light penetrates up to tens of centimeters, buried branches may alter the snowpack radiation budget with important consequences for the snow thermal regime and microstructure. To characterize the influence of buried branches on radiative transfer in snow, irradiance profiles were measured in snowpacks with and without shrubs near Umiujaq in the Canadian Low Arctic (56.5° N, 76.5° W) in November and December 2015. Using the irradiance profiles measured in shrub-free snowpacks in combination with a Monte Carlo radiative transfer model revealed that the dominant impurity type was black carbon (BC) in variable concentrations up to 185 ng g−1. This allowed the separation of the radiative effects of impurities and buried branches. Irradiance profiles measured in snowpacks with shrubs showed that the impact of buried branches was generally weak, except for layers where branches were also visible in snowpit photographs, suggesting that branches influence snow locally (i.e. a few centimeters around branches). The local-effect hypothesis was further supported by observations of localized melting and depth hoar pockets that formed in the vicinity of branches. Buried branches therefore affect snowpack properties, with possible impacts on Arctic flora and fauna and on the thermal regime of permafrost. Lastly, the unexpectedly high BC concentrations in snow are likely caused by nearby open-air waste burning, suggesting that cleaner waste management plans are required for northern community and ecosystem protection.
Deep-water inflow event increases sedimentary phosphorus release on
a multi-year scale
Authors: Hylén Astrid , van de Velde Sebastiaan J. , Kononets Mikhail , Luo Mingyue , Almroth-Rosell Elin , Hall Per O. J.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Phosphorus fertilisation (eutrophication) is expanding oxygen depletion in coastal systems worldwide. Under low-oxygen bottom-water conditions, phosphorus release from the sediment is elevated which further stimulates primary production. It is commonly assumed that re-oxygenation could break this ‘vicious cycle’ by increasing sedimentary phosphorus retention. Recently, a deep-water inflow into the Baltic Sea created a natural in-situ experiment that allowed us to investigate if temporary re-oxygenation stimulates sedimentary retention of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP). Surprisingly, during this three-year-long study, we observed a transient but considerable increase, rather than a decrease, in the sediment efflux of DIP and other dissolved biogenic compounds. This suggested that the oxygenated inflow elevated the organic matter degradation in the sediment. As a result, the net sedimentary DIP release per m2 was 35–70 % higher over the years following the re-oxygenation than before. In contrast to previous assumptions, our results show that inflows of oxygenated water to anoxic bottom waters can increase the sedimentary phosphorus release.
Sustainability characteristics of drinking water supply in the Netherlands
Authors: van Engelenburg Jolijn , van Slobbe Erik , Teuling Adriaan J. , Uijlenhoet Remko , Hellegers Petra
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Developments such as climate change and a growing demand for drinking water threaten the sustainability of drinking water supply worldwide. To deal with
this threat, adaptation of drinking water supply systems is imperative, not
only on a global and national scale but particularly on a local scale. This investigation sought to establish characteristics that describe the
sustainability of local drinking water supply. The hypothesis of this
research was that sustainability characteristics depend on the context that
is analysed, and therefore, a variety of cases must be analysed to reach a
better understanding of the sustainability of drinking water supply in the
Netherlands. Therefore, three divergent cases on drinking water supply in
the Netherlands were analysed. One case related to a short-term development
(2018 summer drought), and two concerned long-term phenomena (changes in
water quality and growth in drinking water demand). We used an integrated
systems approach, describing the local drinking water supply system in terms of hydrological, technical, and socio-economic characteristics that
determine the sustainability of a local drinking water supply system. To
gain a perspective on the case study findings that are broader than the Dutch context, the sustainability aspects identified were paired with global aspects concerning sustainable drinking water supply. This resulted in the following set of hydrological, technical, and socio-economic sustainability characteristics: (1) water quality, water resource availability, and impact of drinking water abstraction; (2) reliability and resilience of the technical system and energy use and environmental impact; (3) drinking water availability, water governance, and land and water use. Elaboration of these sustainability characteristics and criteria into a sustainability assessment can provide information on the challenges and trade-offs inherent in the sustainable development and management of a local drinking water supply system.
Etnobiología De La Comunidad Indígena Salinas De Nahualapa, Tola (Rivas, 2019)
Authors: Cabrera Sáenz Lina , Jiménez María Fernanda , Pérez Soto Josué
Published: January 2021

El ser humano está estrechamente relacionado con la flora y fauna de su entorno, siendo dependientes de ella para la realización de diversas actividades. El aprovechamiento de las cualidades de las especies, ha permitido en cierta medida otorgar una identidad, creando una génesis cultural del aprovechamiento de los recursos locales. La comunidad indígena Salinas de Nahualapa; posee diversos recursos etnoecológicos, etnobotánicos y etnozoológicos. Ésta investigación tiene como fin describir el conocimiento de dicha comunidad, y para esto se realizaron 41 entrevistas a personas con edades entre 17 a 98 años, acompañado de observación in situ para la identificación taxonómica, tomando como recursos adicionales la grabación de audio y fotografías de los encuestados y especímenes. Los recursos etnoecológicos presentes en la comunidad son en su mayoría acuáticos, estos son: playas, aguas termales, ríos y manglares. En la caracterización etnobotánica se registraron 68 especies pertenecientes a 60 géneros y 36 familias botánicas. De las cuales 48 son introducidas y 20 son nativas. Éstas, se encuentran divididas en múltiples usos, los principales son: medicinales y alimenticios. Las partes de las plantas más utilizadas son: fruto (23), hoja (21), semilla (10), tallo (8), raíz (8), flor (3) y bulbo (2). Con respecto a los modos de preparación más frecuentes son: infusión (23), untado (8) y refresco (2). El acervo etnozoológico consta de 72 especies, con estatus nativas (55) e introducidas (17), cuales pertenecen a 33 ordenes, 58 familias y 71 géneros. Los usos son: alimenticios, domésticos, plaga, venenoso, controlador biológico, medicinal y transporte.
DYNAMICS OF WOODY SPECIES IN DRY TROPICAL FOREST (CAATINGA), BRAZIL
Authors: Barreto Thyêgo Nunes Alves , Ferreira Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo , Silva José Antônio Aleixo , Almeida Cleuma Christir da silva , Pinto Andréa de Vasconcelos Freitas
Published: January 2021

Studying selected floristic changes in dry forests is fundamental to foster conservation and sustainability strategies. Objective: to analyze the occurrence of woody species in a tropical forest with a history of use. In 2008, 40 permanent plots were installed and wood with a circumference of 1.30 m at a breast height (CAP) ≥ 6 cm were measured. In 2012, newly established individuals (those that did not meet the size requirements in 2008 but did in 2012) and mortality of the remaining individuals were analyzed by computer. Where applicable, the density, frequency, and absolute dominance, importance value, newly established individuals, mortality, and gross growth for each species, along with the Shannon index were estimated. The floristic composition and diversity remain unchanged. After four years, there were few differences between species, while in most cases the growth in the basal area was positive and sometimes the number of newly established individuals exceeded the mortality. After 24 years of logging, the analyzed forest area did not reach its initial basal area stock when compared to other areas of the Caatinga that do not have a history of disturbance.
GENETIC SELECTION OF Pinus taeda L. THROUGH MULTI-ENVIRONMENT TRIAL
Authors: Ishibashi Vanessa , Flôres Junior Paulo César , Martinez Diego Tyszka , Higa Antonio Rioyei
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to select progenies of Pinus taeda through multi-environmental trial to establish clonal seed orchards and advance breeding–program generations. Progeny test was carried out with 53 open-pollinated families planted in four different locations. The study followed a randomized block statistical design, with seven replications in linear plots planted with six plants each. DBH variable was measured in individuals at the age of nine years. All estimates were carried out in Selegen REML/BLUP® software. Genotype x environment interaction was detected; therefore, it required the definition of two breeding zones to minimize its effects. The genetic basis of the assessed population is restricted. Families were distributed into nine different groups, based on genetic divergence analysis, and grouping through the Tocher method, by using Mahalanobis distances. Based on the results, and by taking into consideration the balance between variability maintenance and genetic gains, it is recommended to establish a clonal seed orchard with 50 selected individuals in the experiment, based on a limited number of individuals per family. Intraspecific crossing between divergent families can also be used to increase heterosis and genetic variability in the assessed population.
Command Attention Rather Than Demand Concentration
Authors: Winston Joe
Published: January 2021

In this review of Matthew DeCoursey’s book on the aesthetics of drama education, I acknowledge the originality and usefulness of the theoretical framework he provides and attempt to summarize its key features. In applying them to an example of my own practice, I make use of the conceptual terminology DeCoursey has introduced and argue that it is both effective and illuminating to the practitioner. In tracing the trajectory of DeCoursey’s subsequent analysis of key theorists in the field, the study of scripted drama, and the extensive use of drama across the curriculum, I attempt to do justice to the strengths of his argument, as well as pointing out what I perceive as some of its inherent weaknesses. I conclude by indicating some gaps in his attention to both historical and current practices in the field while still commending the book for its much-needed contribution.
The Political Economy of Industrialisation in Nigeria: Is Ethnicity a Constraint?
Authors: Effiom Lionel , Ekanem Okonette , Effiong Charles
Published: January 2021

Is Nigeria’s multi-ethnic and multicultural configuration responsible for her low level of industrialisation? Is ethnic pluralism really a significant constraint to Nigeria’s industrial development? What role has Nigeria’s political economy played in foisting industrial underdevelopment on Nigeria? What lessons can be learnt from other industrialised but multi-ethnic countries, as Nigeria strives to industrialise? These were the questions that claimed our attention in this paper. The paper discountenances and refutes the hypothesis that ethnicity is responsible for Nigeria’s lack of industrialization, but rather places the burden for Nigeria’s under-industrialization at the doorsteps of vested interests, neo-colonial dependence, and the distorted, dependency worldview of the ruling class responsible for industrial policy formulation.
Developments in the design of ductile reinforced concrete frames
Authors: Paulay T.
Published: January 2021

A condensed step by step summary of the application of a recently published capacity design philosophy, as applied to earthquake resisting ductile reinforced concrete frames, is presented. The theoretical inelastic dynamic response of three prototype frames, so designed and subjected to particularly severe seismic excitations, is then reported. It is shown how the predicted maximum actions compare with those used in the design. The design quantities, derived from a modified conventional elastic frame analysis for a code specified lateral static loading, were found to ensure a very high degree of, and yet economical and practical, protection against hinging in columns at and above the first floor.
Ebola na Folha de São Paulo (1976-2015): invisibilidade e desvalorização cultural da África
Authors: Danfá Lassana , Aléssio Renata Lira dos Santos , Torres Ana Raquel Rosas
Published: January 2021

Este artigo investigou a construção social da/o ebola via imprensa brasileira à luz da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Os dados foram coletados na Folha de São Paulo, desde o surgimento do vírus (1976) até março de 2015. Foram analisadas 291 matérias, por meio do software IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados mostram mundos léxicos organizados em torno dos discursos especialista e não especialista. O primeiro traduz as hipóteses científicas explicativas sobre o vírus do ebola. Já segundo aponta para a dicotomia ocidente versus África. Os resultados demonstram que a crise da ebola reatualiza a themata do reconhecimento social pela negativa, o essencialismo do africano, alteridade radical, hierarquização cultural e a invisibilidade do africano como protagonista apto a falar de sua realidade.
Pollen Monitoring in the City of Ivano-Frankivsk, Western Ukraine
Authors: Melnychenko Galyna , Mylenka Myroslava , Riznychuk Nadiia , Prokopiv Nataliia
Published: January 2021

The results of aeropalynological studies in Ivano-Frankivsk during 2013–2015 are presented in this article. The studies were conducted using a specially designed gravimetric Durham pollen trap installed at a height of 24 m from the ground. We determined that pollen grains of the following taxa dominate in the city’s aeropalynological spectrum: Corylus, Alnus, Betula, Populus, Fraxinus, Salix, Carpinus, Quercus, Pinus, Picea, Poaceae, Urticaceae, Artemisia, and Ambrosia. Pollen grains from woody plants dominate the aeropalynological spectrum. The considerable presence of the tree pollen grains in the ambient air is due to the geographical location of Ivano-Frankivsk in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Pollen season of allergenic plants lasts from the second week of February to early October. The most unfavorable period for patients with pollen allergy in Ivano-Frankivsk is April, when there is a simultaneous appearance of high concentrations airborne allergenic pollen of Betula, Fraxinus, and Carpinus. From the second week of May to mid-July, high (>50 pollen grains/m3) concentrations of allergenic pollen of the Poaceae family members are detected in the air. In the second half of August and early September, high concentrations of allergenic Ambrosia pollen were recorded in the city air. Conducting of pollen monitoring in the city is extremely necessary for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of pollen allergy.
Quality Control and Quality Assurance of Asphalt Mixtures Using Laboratory Rutting and Cracking Tests
Authors: Lee Jusang , Haddock John E. , Batioja Alvarez Dario D. , Rastegar Reyhaneh Rahbar
Published: January 2021

The main objectives of this project were to review the available balanced-mix design (BMD) methodologies, understand the I-FIT and Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test (HWTT) test methods using INDOT asphalt mixtures, and to explore the application of these tests to both a BMD approach and as performance-related Quality Control (QC) and Quality Acceptance (QA) methods. Two QA mixture specimen types, plant-mixed laboratory-compacted (PMLC) and plant-mixed field-compacted (PMFC) were used in the determination of cracking and rutting parameters. Distribution functions for the flexibility index (FI) values and rutting parameters were determined for various mixture types. The effects of specimen geometry and air voids contents on the calculated Flexibility Index (FI) and rutting parameters were investigated. The fatigue characteristics of selected asphalt mixtures were determined using the S-VECD test according to different FI levels for different conditions. A typical full-depth pavement section was implemented in FlexPAVE to explore the cracking characteristics of INDOT asphalt mixtures by investigating the relationship between the FI values of QA samples with the FlexPAVE pavement performance predictions. The FI values obtained from PMFC specimens were consistently higher than their corresponding PMLC specimens. This study also found that FI values were affected significantly by variations in specimen thickness and air voids contents, having higher FI values with higher air voids contents and thinner specimens. These observations do not agree with the general material-performance expectations that better cracking resistance is achieved with lower air voids content and thicker layers. Additionally, PG 70-22 mixtures show the lowest mean FI values followed by the PG 76-22 and 64-22 mixtures. The same order was observed from the ΔTc (asphalt binder cracking index) of INDOT’s 2017 and 2018 projects. Finally, it was found that the HWTT showed reasonable sensitivity to the different characteristics (e.g., aggregate sizes, binder types, and air voids contents) of asphalt mixtures. Mixtures containing modified asphalt binders showed better rut resistance and higher Rutting Resistance Index (RRI) than those containing unmodified binders.
Effect of Correction of Hyperthyroidism with Anti-thyroid Drugs on the Glycated Hemoglobin in Non-diabetic Patients with Primary Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Mani Deepthi Dasari , Vaikkakara Suresh , Patil Avinash , Ganta Sandeep , Sachan Alok , Raghavendra Katakam , Kiranmayi Vinapamula S , Chowhan Amit Kumar
Published: January 2021

Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are dependent not only on the average blood glucose levels over the preceding 2 - 3 months but also on the turnover of erythrocytes. Hyperthyroidism is known to be associated with an increase in erythrocyte turnover that may falsely lower the HbA1c in relation to the level of glycemia. Objectives: To assess the impact of medical correction of hyperthyroidism on HbA1c, independent of changes in the fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour post-oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose. Methods: Adult patients with overt hyperthyroidism (n = 36) were tested for their hemoglobin, reticulocyte percentage, HbA1c and fasting and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2-hour plasma glucose, both at baseline and following at least three months of near normalization of serum thyroxin on Carbimazole treatment. Results: Correction of hyperthyroidism in 36 patients was associated with an increase in the hemoglobin (P = 0.004) and a rise in HbA1c (P = 0.025), even though no significant change was observed in both the fasting (P = 0.28) and post OGTT two-hour plasma glucose (P = 0.54). Also, the proportion of patients with HbA1c ≥ 5.7% rose from 3/36 to 10/36; P = 0.016, while the proportion of patients with either abnormal fasting or abnormal post OGTT 2-hour plasma glucose or both did not show any significant change (P = 0.5). The sensitivity of HbA1c to diagnose prediabetes increased from 20% to 50% post- treatment. Conclusions: Glycated hemoglobin is falsely low in relation to glycemia in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism.
Non-traditional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease and Coenzyme Q10 Therapy in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Shahraki Elham , Shahraki Batool , Dashipour AliReza
Published: January 2021

Background: Inflammatory markers increase in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), especially in diabetic patients, and are positively correlated with cardiovascular mortality. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), an agent with antioxidant properties, may be effective in reducing cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine, and albumin in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Forty diabetic ESRD patients on hemodialysis for at least six months were evaluated in a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. The patients were randomly assigned to one of the two groups to receive either CoQ10 100 mg daily or placebo. In all patients, the serum levels of homocysteine, albumin, and CRP were measured before and after six months. Results: The mean age of the patients was 60.3 ± 9.1 years, and 57.5% of the participants were female. There was no statistical difference between the two groups at baseline. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in serum albumin (P = 0.843), CRP (P = 0.214), and homocysteine (P = 0.21) at the end of the intervention between the groups. Conclusions: This study showed that in patients with ESRD, using CoQ10 supplementation has minimal beneficial effects on serum albumin, CRP, and homocysteine levels.
The Relationship Between Malnutrition and Liver Enzymes in Hospitalized Children in Zahedan: A Case-control Study
Authors: Karajibani Mansour , Montazerifar Farzaneh , Hosseini Razieh , Suni Fatemeh , Dashipour Ali Reza , Fadaaeimokhtarkanlo Mahshid
Published: January 2021

Background: Malnutrition causes nutritional, metabolism, and biochemical disorders and finally leads to mortality. Several studies have highlighted that serum liver enzymes are increased in patients with malnutrition. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between malnutrition and liver enzymes in hospitalized children in Zahedan. Methods: This case-control study was conducted among 145 hospitalized children under six years old, including 74 cases and 71 controls. The case group was diagnosed with malnutrition according to weight for age indices (Z-Score < -2SD), and controls were determined based on the following indices (Z-Score > -2SD) of classification of WHO 2006 growth standards. Serum was isolated after taking blood from the samples. Then liver enzymes, including AST, ALP, and ALT, were measured by spectrophotometric method. Results: A total of 145 subjects were enrolled that consisted of 74 cases and 71 controls. No significant difference was observed in serum liver markers, including AST, ALT, and ALP between the two groups, However, the level of AST, ALT, and ALP was higher than the standard level. There was a significant correlation between AST with ALT (r = 0.74, P < 0.001), and ALP (r = 0.27, P = 0.03). Conclusions: The findings indicated that there was no significant alteration in enzyme markers in the two groups. However, AST and ALT levels increased, and ALP levels decreased compared with the control. Different degrees of malnutrition, including mild, moderate, and severe, can probably change the levels of hepatic enzymes in under-nourished children. Alteration of these liver enzymes could be due to the metabolic modification, which can be the result of protein deficiency.
Global Justice and Stakeholding
Authors: Brooks Thom ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2021

The orthodox position in global justice is to consider questions about international distributive justice from a perspective of what duties, if any, affluent states have towards people in severe poverty. The debate has focused on whether positive or negative duties are most relevant and how they should be applied. This article challenges this orthodoxy by defending stakeholder theory as a promising new approach overcoming limitations in current debates through promotion of the virtue of stakeholders having a say where they have a stake.
Doing Wrong to ‘Lulu’ and ‘Nana’? Applying Parfit to the He Jiankui Experiment
Authors: Swazo Norman K. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2021

In November 2018, Dr. He Jiankui announced the birth of two baby girls born through the use of in vitro fertilization technology and the use of the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9. There has been nigh uniform international condemnation of the clinical trial for violating international norms governing genomic research, especially research in human embryos that has implications for the germline. At issue also is the question whether the parents and the clinical research team harmed, and therefore wronged, the two girls. Here this question is engaged through application of the reasoning Derek Parfit has provided on the non-identity problem. One concludes that on this reasoning the parents are not morally culpable on that argument, although there is other reasoning that is to be considered to resist the Parfitian conclusion.
Luther’s Reformation and His Political and Social Ideas for Korean Church and Society
Authors: Yang Myung Su ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2021

Luther’s beliefs provide three avenues of change for the Korean church and Korean society at large. First, Luther’s argument about two different kingdoms can help the Korean church set itself free from the deeply rooted political attachment stemming from the ideological conflict with North Korea over the past six decades. Second, Luther’s understanding of the individual’s inner mind as the locus of revelation of the divine truth is expected to enhance an autonomous self-determination that is independent of the collective mindset of the multitude, which leads to the naissance of being truly individual. Lastly, Luther’s ethics of love will hopefully improve the public awareness concerning human rights of criminals and, through his vocation theory, give the vision of a unified organic society that Rises above the possessive individualism that spread widely during Korea’s rapid economic growth.
Intuição e causalidade na crítica de Schopenhauer à epistemologia kantiana
Authors: Engelmann Jaqueline
Published: January 2021

Pode-se afirmar que a filosofia crítica kantiana é uma espécie de suporte para a fundamentação epistemológica de Schopenhauer, mas que a teoria schopenhaueriana de modo algum a ela se reduz até porque Schopenhauer reprova desde a compreensão de Kant a respeito do papel que desempenham intuição e razão até a arquitetônica kantiana que exige doze categorias como alicerce do processo de conhecer. Nosso texto versará sobre a importância que Schopenhauer concede à intuição e, principalmente, sobre a justificação de Schopenhauer acerca da causalidade como única “categoria” necessária e suficiente para a percepção dos objetos.
Fichte e a estrutura da magia
Authors: Ferraguto Federico
Published: January 2021

Objetivo deste artigo é discutir a recepção fichteana do mesmerismo e avaliar criticamente a interpretação fichteana do rapport como instrumento para desenvolver uma reflexão em torno das condições de possiblidade para a elevação ao ponto de vista transcendental. A minha tese é que Fichte opera uma assimilação seletiva do magnetismo animal, mas recusa os seus elementos fundamentais. Em especial Fichte explora a possibilidade de entender a Wisseschaftslehre como uma abordagem filosófica que pretende superar os limites que definem a concretude do sujeito. Porém, em reestruturar e repensar a abordagem do magnetismo animal como forma de interação linguística, ele se aproxima as modernas concepções da magia como pontenciamento da liberdade e da performance humana.Para demonstrar esta tese irei fornecer uma problematização da estrutura da magia entre época moderna e contemporânea a partir do problema da comunicação (§ 1); situar neste contexto a reflexão fichteana sobre a estrutura da doutrina da ciência como saber incomunicável (§ 2); problematizar a recepção fichteana do mesmerismo no Diário sobre o magnetismo animal de 1813 (§ 3); aplicar os resultados desta problematização na leitura da reflexão fichteana acerca da relação entre percepção e atenção nas lições sobre os Tatsachen des Bewusstseins de 1811 (§ 5).
The two souls of Schopenhauerism: analysis of new historiographical categories
Authors: Miglietta Giulia
Published: January 2021

The Wirkungsgeschichte of Schopenhauerism is a complex mixture of events, encounters, influences and transformations. In order to orient oneself concerning such an articulated phenomenon, it is necessary to have valid hermeneutical tools at hand. In this contribution, I am going to propose a reading of the history of the effects of Schopenhauerism through new and effective historiographical categories that resulted from the research conducted by the Interdepartmental Research Centre on Arthur Schopenhauer and his School at the University of Salento. On the one hand, I will refer to Domenico Fazio’s studies on the Schopenhauer-Schuleand, on the other, to Fabio Ciracì’s research on the reception of Schopenhauer’s philosophy in Italy. This approach will reveal how the formulation of the so-called “two souls” of Schopenhauerism, the romantic and the illuministic, allows us to unravel the multifaceted panorama of the history of the effects of Schopenhauerian philosophy, in line with the subdivision within the Schopenhauer-Schule of metaphysical and heretical thinkers.