bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Earthquake Controversies, the L’Aquila Trials, and the Argumentative Struggles for both Cultural and Scientific Power
Authors: Hasian Jr Marouf
Published: March 2017

This article extends the work of researchers from the rhetoric of science and science and technology studies communities, and interprets the communicative aftershocks of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. The authors argue that some of the scientists belonging to the Italian Serious Risk Commission ended up being charged with manslaughter, and, at various times during this controversy, provided publics with different ways of assessing aleatory and epistemic risk. While the defendants originally inflated their ethos to quell concerns about earthquake predictions that came from a technician named Giuliani, they later dismantled some of their own authority in sociotechnical ways once they appeared in court.
Quand la droite nationaliste montre les minarets :la médiatisation ambiguë d’une initiative populaire en Suisse
Authors: Gonzalez Philippe
Published: March 2017

This contribution addresses the anti-minaret referendum accepted by the Swiss people in 2009, using data drawn from the main television news program in French-speaking Switzerland. The analysis tries to point out ambiguities in the media coverage of this referendum and to show how increasing the Muslims’ visibility worked against their public recognition. The clarification of the concept of visibility pays attention to the ways in which certain actors (politicians of the nationalist right) force others (the Muslims of Switzerland) to appear in the public sphere, creating controversy and publicizing their identity aspirations. This investigation leads to an inquiry on the normative conditions necessary for democratic debate.
Telling Our Stories: Screenwriters and the Production of Screen-Based Culture in English-Speaking Canada
Authors: Coutanche Michael , Davis Charles H. , Zboralska Emilia
Published: March 2017

Screenwriters are a vital part of the production of cultural products in the Canadian screen industry, but little has been written about how they perceive the environment in which they practice their craft. Situating our methodology within the general production culture framework, particularly in regards to industrial reflexivity, we present an analysis of 50 in-depth interviews with English-language Canadian screenwriters. As our subjects reflect on their experiences, a portrait emerges of the factors affecting the screenwriter’s role in the production of screen culture in English-speaking Canada. Their stories reveal a complex plot: one in which screenwriters, much like the characters they create, manoeuver through a landscape with its own boundaries, pitfalls, rewards, and consequences in their quest to attract elusive homegrown audiences.
The Digital Humanities and Democracy
Authors: Hunter Andrea
Published: March 2017

There has been much debate in recent years as to what constitutes the digital humanities. This article argues that one way to articulate the digital humanities is through a focus on the democratization of the humanities, by increasing access to and participation in the humanities, rather than through an emphasis on technology use. Using a case study approach, and the theory of structuration, this article examines how digital humanists are attempting to expand the reach and diversity of the humanities through the digitization of data and the building of digital tools.
“Immigrants Can Be Deadly”: Critical Discourse Analysis of Racialization of Immigrant Health in the Canadian Press and Public Health Policies
Authors: Reitmanova Sylvia , Gustafson Diana L. , Ahmed Rukhsana
Published: March 2017

By examining the role of the Canadian press in framing health and social issues of immigrants, the authors highlight the issues of power and social injustice in which immigrant health is constructed and handled by Canada’s health policies. Critical discourse analysis of 273 articles from 10 major Canadian dailies over one decade showed that pre-existing racializing discourses, which treat the immigrant body both as a disease breeder and an irresponsible health fraudster, continue to materialize in contemporary Canadian press coverage. A more balanced and fair media coverage of immigrant health will require deracialization of immigrant health issues as well as the transformation of the Canadian press toward greater inclusivity.
Innis's Great Transformation: Staples Thesis/Medium Theory
Authors: Babe Robert E.
Published: March 2017

Harold Innis inaugurated his research into Canadian economic history (staples studies) to countervail the purportedly universalist claims of mainstream economics; he believed the mainstream “justified” exploitation of the developing world by the wealthiest countries. Conversely, he sought out universalist principles in his media/communication work in order to countervail omnipresent misunderstanding in the world; he hoped to establish thereby a common ground conducive to world peace. The dialectic or contradiction of relativism/universalism in Innis’ two major inquiries has hitherto remained unrecognized, and constitutes the focus of this article.Harold Innis a entamé sa recherche sur l’histoire économique canadienne (théorie des principales ressources) pour contrer les postulats supposément universels de la science économique traditionnelle; il croyait que le courant traditionnel « justifiait » l’exploitation des pays en voie de développement par les pays les plus riches. Lui au contraire cherchait dans son travail sur les médias et la communication des principes universels qui supplanteraient cette incompréhension répandue dans le monde. Il espérait ainsi établir un terrain d’entente propice à favoriser la paix mondiale. La dialectique ou contradiction entre le relativisme et l’universalisme dans les deux enquêtes majeures effectuées par Innis n’a pas jusqu’à présent été reconnue, et constitue le sujet de cet article.
Big Data et quantification de soi : La gouvernementalité algorithmique dans le monde numériquement administré
Authors: Ouellet Maxime , Ménard Marc , Bonenfant Maude , Mondoux André
Published: March 2017

This article aims to discuss, from a critical theory perspective, the apparent paradox between the ability to monitor and control made possible by Big Data and the belief in the latter’s emancipatory potential. The goal is to assess to what extent the data, tools and methods characteristic of Big Data constitute self-regulation processes that are similar to a dynamics of governance and surveillance. We will analyze this phenomenon on the basis of two concepts inherited from the critical tradition in social science, namely that of the administered world as formulated by the Frankfurt School theorists, and that of governmentality as developed by Michel Foucault.
The Neoliberal Politics of “Smart”: Electricity Consumption, Household Monitoring, and the Enterprise Form
Authors: Levenda Anthony M. , Mahmoudi Dillon , Sussman Gerald
Published: March 2017

This article investigates how digital technologies in the energy sector are enabling increased value extraction in the cycle of capital accumulation through surveillant processes of everyday energy consumption. We offer critical theory (Gramsci, Foucault) and critical political economy (Marx) as a guide for critical understanding of value creation in ICT through quotidian processes and practices of social reproduction. In this regard, the concept of the “prosumer” is extended beyond notions of voluntary participation in Web 2.0 to the political economy of energy use. Within this broad framework we investigate national and local level “smart grid” campaigns and projects. The “smartening” of the energy grid, we find, is both an ideological construct and a technological rationalization for facilitating capital accumulation through data collection, analysis, segmentation of consumers, and variable electricity pricing schemes to standardize social practices within and outside the home. We look at BC Hydro as one illustration of where such practices are being instituted.
Les technologies numériques au prisme des approches critiques : Éléments pour l’ébauche d’une rencontre
Authors: George Éric , Kane Oumar
Published: March 2017

In this article, the authors show the relevance of a dialogue between several critical perspectives in order to properly analyse the digital information and communications technology (ICT). If the political economy of communication is relevant to highlight the inequalities and power relations in the organization of communication systems, this approach is limited when it comes to taking into account the autonomy of the social agents. They propose therefore to articulate in the analysis the structures of domination with the emancipatory potentialities through the combination of political economy of communication and cultural studies, without ignoring the materiality of the technologies. This would contribute to a critical intelligibility of the overall economy of digital technologies in the network age
Managing Dissent: Energy Pipelines and “New Right” Politics in Canada
Authors: Raso Kathleen , Neubauer Robert Joseph
Published: March 2017

This article explores the political controversy surrounding the proposed Northern Gateway bitumen pipeline by analyzing the modalities through which elite rationalities structure public news discourse. First, through a news analysis, the authors identify the most common pro-approval actors cited speaking in favour of the project. Next, they identify the most prominent pro-approval civil society sources and ascertain their level of embeddedness in conservative discourse coalitions. Finally, the authors identify the dominant framing techniques that disproportionately structure the public discourse around the Gateway project. The article ultimately argues that over-reliance on “official sources,” the prominence of industry-backed civil society organizations, and the influence of hegemonic discourses on journalistic practice all conspire to structure the public discourse on Northern Gateway in favour of elite preferences and rationalities.
“Missed Opportunity”: The Oversight of Canadian Children’s Media
Authors: Coulter Natalie
Published: March 2017

Canadian communication studies have largely ignored Canadian children’s media as a field of study. The children’s cultural industries in Canada are rich and diverse. This article argues that these cultural industries need to be constitutively integrated into scholarship on the Canadian mediascape, as does the presence of young people as active participants in Canadian media culture. Focusing primarily on English-language television to illustrate this point, the article first outlines the long history of children’s media production in Canada, then discusses reasons why such scholarship is missing from the field, and concludes by outlining the impacts of this oversight.
Pornographie, nouveaux médias et intimité normative dans les discours sur l’hypersexualisation des jeunes
Authors: Mercier Élisabeth
Published: March 2017

In recent years, the hypersexualization of youth has generated many discourses, anxieties, and control measures in Québec as well as in most Western societies. This article bases itself on a critical analysis of the discourses produced in francophone Québec by media institutions and their specific actors to highlight the ways in which the discursive production of hypersexualization as a social problem mobilizes pornography and new media; it also highlights the issues raised by this mobilization. One of these issues is a normative intimacy—one that seeks to preserve hierarchized social and sexual relations—that would be threatened by an online pornography that blurs the lines between public and private as well as between an adult sexuality and the world of youth.
The Revolution Might Be Tweeted but the Founding Will Not Be: Arendt and Innis on Time, Authority, and Appearance
Authors: Frost Catherine
Published: March 2017

This article examines political founding in an internet age.Drawing on Hannah Arendt and Harold Innis, the article considers the 2011 Egyptian revolution in light of three features of founding: the problems posed by beginning, authority, and appearance. It finds that death narratives, acceleration, and a personalized media dynamic complicated the Egyptian effort, but that new forms of visibility may prove promising.
Networks, Genres, and Complex Wholes: Citizen Science and How We Act Together through Typified Text
Authors: Kelly Ashley Rose , Maddalena Kate
Published: March 2017

This article explores the intersection of Rhetorical Genre Studies (RGS) and Actor-Network Theory (ANT). These two traditions are particularly important in the Canadian research context. We examine genre and ANT to uncover what we believe is a complementary relationship that promises much to the study of science, especially in the age of the internet. Specifically, we see RGS as a way to account for how objects come to “be” as complex wholes and so act across/among levels of network configurations. Moreover, the nature of these objects’ (instruments’) action is such that we may attribute them to a kind of rhetorical agency. We look to the InFORM Network’s grassroots, citizen science-oriented response to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster as a case that exemplifies how a combined RGS and ANT perspective can articulate the complex wholes of material/rhetorical networks.
Surroundings: Deleuze and Guattari
Authors: Surin Kenneth
Published: March 2017

Deleuze and Guattari, as strict immanentists and consistent proponents of an “in-the-middle” or “in-between,” had little philosophical time for notions of “the outside” or “the beyond” construed in terms invoking traditional ideas of transcendence (even though they created their own absolutely original notion of an “immanent transcendence.” Any such “in-the-middle,” however, must presuppose a milieu that is outside that “in-the-middle,” albeit one constituting a surround or ‘interzone’ (a term borrowed from William Burroughs’ novel Naked Lunch) for the “in-the-middle” in question, even if this surrounding milieu or interzone will, like its contiguous “in-the-middle,” also be unequivocally immanent. The essay discusses the kind of conceptual assemblage pertaining to interality/interology that can be constructed with regard to Deleuzo-Guattarian “surroundings.”
A Dialogue between Dialogism and Interality
Authors: Vallée Jean-François
Published: March 2017

Dialogue and dialogism offer one of the most promising paths to interality in the West. Concentrating on the Renaissance tradition of the Humanist dialogue and more recent philosophical practices and theories of dialogue in the twentieth century, this article argues—most notably through a close examination of two major literary and philosophical works: Thomas More’s Utopia and Robert Musil’s Man without Qualities—that one can trace an (interrupted) line between these two transitional historical periods, set at both ends of the “Gutenberg parenthesis,” when relational, dialogic, and thus potentially “interalogical” modes of writing, thinking, and being came to the forefront.
Extending Goffman’s Dramaturgy to Critical Discourse Analysis: Ed Burkhardt’s Performance after the Lac-Mégantic Disaster
Authors: Dell Jennifer
Published: March 2017

This article presents an approach to critical discourse analysis using Erving Goffman’s dramaturgy. It discusses how the analysis and evaluation of a press conference performance can be strengthened if contemplations of role selection, audience, and frame from Goffman’s dramaturgy are included. Goffman’s dramaturgy is found to contribute to a normative and explanatory critique of the performance of the chief executive officer (CEO), which is strained by his chosen role, pressures to conform to the audience’s expectations, and a failed attempt to influence the frame.
“It Won’t Go Viral”: Documenting the Charter of Québec Values and Talking Theory on YouTube
Authors: Audette-Longo Patricia , Esseghaier Mariam , Lefebvre Marie Eve
Published: March 2017

This Research in Brief reflects upon how postsecondary resources were used to create a feminist, free, online, and pedagogical documentary about the Charter of Québec Values in 2013–2014, to intervene in the mediated story of the legislation and to influence public policy. The authors discuss the scholarly context that influenced their documentary-making approach, as well as their process as first-time producers, and argue for the use of online tools to insert communication studies into a field of debate. They conclude by offering three recommendations for those who wish to undertake similar public projects from within the academy, focused on evaluating storytelling models, pursuing funding, and engaging members of the broader community.
Claiming Space for Square Pegs: Community-Engaged Communication Scholarship and Faculty Assessment Policies
Authors: Elliott Patricia W.
Published: March 2017

When communication and media scholars work shoulder-to-shoulder with communities, the research products are necessarily as dynamic, creative, and diverse as the community members involved. Although such active scholarship generates rich, socially impactful knowledge, it often holds scant value within the arcane world of faculty tenure and promotion committees, where single-authored academic journal articles are the bread and butter of academic careers. As a result, members of the public are left to work with university partners who are typically precariously employed, with little institutional backing for community collaborations. Drawing on the Community-Engaged Scholarship Partnership’s research into Canadian faculty assessment policies, this article will lay out the case for concrete academic reforms that recognize, respect, and professionally support the “square pegs” of community-engaged media research.
“Engaging Class Struggles”: Preparing Students for the “Real World” by Teaching “Activist” Cultural Production in the Classroom
Authors: Pimlott Herbert
Published: March 2017

In this self-reflective essay, the author argues that communication studies offers opportunities for integrating activism with classroom content that is useful for teaching both academic knowledge and practical skills, while actively engaging students in subject matter that is of direct interest. Despite the deterioration of faculty working (and student learning) conditions, he argues that there is space for activist scholars to draw from their commitments and engage in forms of critical pedagogy that also meet student desires for professional skills. After offering an overview of his own teaching philosophy and background, he provides examples of content, assignments, and readings to illustrate how both critical thinking and writing skills are taught and student “disengagement” overcome.
Trombosis de senos venosos cerebrales, una manifestación inusual de déficit de proteína S en paciente joven
Authors: Polo Verbel Luis , Torres Zambrano Martín , Fernández Yépez Luis , Escorcia Barceló Ofelia , López Roa Lina María
Published: March 2017

La trombosis venosa cerebral (TSVC) es un tipo de accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) que involucra el lado venoso de la circulación cerebral, incluye trombosis de los senos venosos durales y/o de las venas corticales y profundas del cerebro, es una causa poco común 0,5-1 % de todos los accidentes cerebrovasculares, con una prevalencia estimada en el rango entre 0. 22 a 1,23 / 100.000 / año. Los factores de riesgo para TSVC, están generalmente divididos en riesgos adquiridos (por ejemplo: cirugía, trauma, embarazo, puerperio, síndrome antifosfolípido, cáncer, hormonas exógenas) y los riesgos genéticos (trombofilia hereditaria). Los factores de riesgo más ampliamente estudiados para TSVC incluyen estados protrombóticos, las trombofilias heredadas asociadas con TSVC incluyen deficiencias de antitrombina, proteína C, proteína S (PS), mutación del factor V Leiden y la mutación del gen 20210 de protrombina. La prevalencia del déficit de PS, oscila entre un 0,02 y un 0,03 % en la población general y aumenta hasta un 2 % en pacientes no seleccionados con trombosis. Con una mortalidad cercana al 9 %. El manejo es usualmente médico. Se cita el caso de una paciente de 28 años de edad, con cuadro clínico de cefalea de 1 mes de evolución, con hallazgos en neuroimagen de trombosis de senos transverso y sigmoideo izquierdo con déficit de proteína S.
Enfermedad de moyamoya: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Vargas R Ledmar Jovanny , Sánchez H Sergio José , Suárez Chaparro Álvaro , Jiménez Peña Oscar M.
Published: March 2017

La enfermedad de moyamoya (EMM) es una patología crónica caracterizada por la oclusión progresiva de la vasculatura cerebral y no aterosclerótica, generando un patrón angiográfico conocido como moyamoya, que en japonés hace alusión a la apariencia en "bocanada de humo", trae como consecuencia eventos cerebrovasculares isquémicos o hemorrágicos. Tiene dos picos de presentación, uno entre los 5 y 9 años y otro entre los 45 y 49 años, con un ligero predominio en mujeres, suele ser más frecuente en individuos de origen asiático, y menos en personas de origen hispano. El tratamiento de elección es el procedimiento quirúrgico precoz y su pronóstico no es totalmente predecible.

Reporte de caso: mujer de 44 años que ingresó por presentar movimiento tónico-clónicos y requirió IOT, con tomografía axial computarizada cerebral simple que mostró hematoma intraparenquimatoso izquierdo y arteriografía con patrón moyamoya. Se manejó en la unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, donde finalmente falleció.
Trombólisis con activador recombinante del plasminógeno tisular (rt-PA) para el ataque cerebro vascular agudo: la experiencia colombiana
Authors: Pineda David A.
Published: March 2017

El tratamiento con activador recombinante del plasminógeno tisular (sigla en inglés rt-PA), aplicado por vía intravenosa (VIV) es el procedimiento de primera línea en casos de ataque cerebrovascular agudo (ACVA) en una ventana de 4,5 horas. En Colombia hay una experiencia publicada del uso exitoso de este medicamento. En el número actual se publica una nueva experiencia del uso de rt-PA en el caribe colombiano, de gran utilidad para reseñar los artículos publicados en Colombia acerca del tema.
Trombólisis intravenosa en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico: Experiencia de un Hospital del Caribe Colombiano
Authors: Hernández-Ruiz Eder A. , Guarín-Navas Erika G. , Lora-Acuña Fabián J. , Acosta-Reyes Jorge , Beltrán-Carrascal Elkin , Meza-Cely Nohemí
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCCIÓN:
Las guías de ACV isquémico establecen dentro del algoritmo de manejo la implementación de la terapia trombolítica intravenosa como una de las estrategias de abordaje del evento agudo que ha demostrado reducir los niveles de discapacidad en los pacientes.

OBJETIVO:
Describir el impacto de la realización de trombólisis intravenosa en pacientes con accidente cerebro-vascular isquémico, teniendo como referencia escalas de medición de funcionalidad y pronóstico.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal en pacientes que recibieron tratamiento fibrinolítico en la Fundación Hospital Universidad del Norte (octubre 2011 - marzo 2016) teniendo en cuenta aspectos demográficos, clínicos, factores de riesgo y seguimiento a los 30 y 90 días para determinar el pronóstico y la mortalidad según escala modificada de Rankin.

RESULTADOS:
La población elegible consta de 27 pacientes cuya edad promedio fue de 65 años. La mayor prevalencia se presentó en el género femenino. El factor de riesgo más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial (19/27). Se realizó manejo inicial de acuerdo al protocolo institucional de la unidad de stroke. Se describen tiempos promedio en cada etapa de la atención médica desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la realización de la trombolisis. Durante la realización de la intervención terapéutica se documentó las complicaciones que justificaron la suspensión del manejo. Se reportó transformación hemorrágica del ACV y muerte secundaria a ello. La funcionalidad fue valorada con escala NIHSS al ingreso y egreso del paciente, el pronóstico y mortalidad se evaluaron con escala modificada de Rankin, que evidenció que más del 50 % de los pacientes obtuvieron una puntuación entre 0 y 1 a los 90 días postrombólisis.

CONCLUSIONES:
El estudio presenta limitantes dadas principalmente por el tamaño de la muestra, pero cabe resaltar que refleja la experiencia de un centro universitario y busca establecer y/o generar una base de datos importante a nivel regional que permita ser punto de referencia y suministrar información para futuros estudios.
Encefalitis herpética en pediatría: reporte de caso
Authors: Tirado-Pérez Irina Suley , Guzmán-Corena Ángel Alfonso , Moreno-Benitez Adriana , Zárate-Vergara Andrea Carolina
Published: March 2017

La encefalitis herpética es una enfermedad aguda o subaguda causante de signos generales y focales de disfunción cerebral.
Se presenta un caso de encefalitis herpética en una preescolar, dada su baja frecuencia en pediatría, presentado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Doña Pilar, Hospital Infantil Napoleón Franco Pareja.
A pesar de los avances en la terapia antiviral durante las últimas dos décadas, la encefalitis herpética sigue siendo una enfermedad grave con riesgos significativos de morbilidad y muerte. Un tercio de los casos de las encefalitis por herpes simplex se presenta en niños. Las secuelas entre los sobrevivientes son significativas y dependen de la edad y del estado neurológico del paciente en el momento del diagnóstico.
Síndrome de cefalea y déficit neurológico transitorio con pleocitosis linfocitaria en líquido cefalorraquídeo, caso clínico y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Romero Camilo , Rueda Karol
Published: March 2017

El síndrome de cefalea asociado a déficit neurológico y linfocitosis en el líquido cefalorraquídeo, HaNDL, por sus siglas en inglés, es una entidad de reciente descripción. Sin embargo ya está incluida en la última clasificación internacional de cefaleas y parece tener una distribución mundial. Presentamos a continuación el primer caso descrito en la literatura latinoamericana para que sus características sean tenidas en cuenta en el abordaje diagnóstico de las cefaleas.
Trombectomía mecánica en pacientes con ataque cerebrovascular isquémico: serie de casos en un centro de referencia colombiano
Authors: Muñoz Juan Gonzalo , Rivillas Julián Alejandro , González Jaramillo Nathalia , Urrego Callejas Sebastián , Gómez Hoyos Juan Fernando
Published: March 2017

OBJETIVO:
Este artículo describe las características clínicas, indicaciones y desenlaces de mortalidad, eventos adversos e independencia funcional en pacientes con ataque cerebrovascular isquémico, ACVi, sometidos a trombectomía mecánica con stent Solitaire, TMSS.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:
Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte trasversal llevado a cabo entre abril de 2013 y abril de 2016.

RESULTADOS:
Durante el periodo de tiempo evaluado, se sometieron un total de 10 pacientes a TMSS. La edad media de los pacientes fue 62 años. Todos los pacientes tenían una buena clase funcional previa al ACVi, definida como una escala modificada de Rankin de 0 a 2. Al momento de la consulta, la escala de Rankin modificada fue 4. Los pacientes se sometieron a estrategia reperfusión combinada que consta de trombolisis intravenosa más trombectomía mecánica. Sin embargo, un 40 % de los pacientes tenía contraindicación para trombolisis. La mortalidad fue de 20 %, al igual que el sangrado cerebral que se presentó en 20 % de los pacientes y el Rankin modificado mejoró a lo largo del seguimiento en el 70 % de los pacientes, con un total de 50 % de pacientes que lograron independencia funcional significativa.

CONCLUSIÓN:
Parece haber impacto importante en la independencia funcional de pacientes sometidos a estrategia combinada de reperfusión cerebral con el uso de stents recuperadores, sin diferencia en la seguridad y mortalidad comparado con la estrategia estándar.
Utilidad del dúplex transcraneal en la Neurología: serie de casos
Authors: Bermudez Cristian , Roa W Luis Fernando , Romero Camilo , Rodríguez Jesús
Published: March 2017

El ultrasonido es una herramienta ampliamente utilizada en Medicina, en diferentes áreas como ginecología, cirugía y neurología, tiene una gran variedad de indicaciones, tales como: el estudio del vasoespasmo en hemorragia subaracnoidea, cambios de flujo en estenosis intracraneana e incluso evaluar "in vivo" la actividad de algunas medidas terapéuticas. A continuación se presenta una serie de los casos más relevantes recogidos en el Hospital Universitario Mayor que fueron llevados a dúplex transcraneal y sus resultados. De igual manera una breve revisión sobre las patologías más frecuentes que se pueden encontrar mediante este estudio. El dúplex transcraneal ofrece entonces un medio diagnóstico de rápida evaluación que otorga información fehaciente para la toma de decisiones tanto en el servicio de urgencias como en hospitalización, pero se trata de una herramienta con la que se tiene poca experiencia en el país, por lo que estos hallazgos son pioneros y deben complementarse con estudios de mayor peso.
Infarto talámico bilateral por obstrucción de la arteria de Percherón: reporte de caso
Authors: Monroy Rojas Sandra , Jiménez Orozco Luis , Meza Cely Nohemí , Salcedo Juan
Published: March 2017

Los accidentes cerebrovasculares de origen isquémico localizados en el tálamo de manera bilateral, son una entidad poco frecuente. Se estima que solo representan del 0,6% de todos los episodios de ACV de primera vez. Se sabe que tienen origen a partir de la oclusión de una variante anatómica de las arterias paramedianas, que nacen hasta en un 45% de los casos de una misma ACP (arteria cerebral posterior), ya sea en forma independiente o a partir de un tronco común. Cuando esta variante nace de un tronco común se conoce como arteria de Percherón, y su oclusión origina infartos talámicos mediales bilaterales, frecuentemente simétricos, se encuentra asociada a eventos tromboembolicos y factores de riesgo cardiovasculares como hipertensión, diabetes, cigarrillo entre otros, produciendo sintomatología característica con alteración en el nivel de conciencia, como principal característica.
Gliomas tipo astrocytoma pilocítico "atípico recurrente" y gen B-RAF: presentación de caso clínico, discusión
Authors: González Trujillo Fernando , Cafiero Sergio , Olaya Natalia , Lozano Castillo Alfonso Javier , Romero Rojas Alfredo Ernesto , Penagos González Pedro José , Zubieta Vega Camilo , Gil Nicolás , Melo Gómez Gonzalo
Published: March 2017

El astrocitoma pilocítico (AP) es una neoplasia bien diferenciada, grado I OMS,que predomina en la infancia y es raro en la población adulta. Se reportan casos atípicos con una biología tumoral agresiva que continúan preservando la histología benigna o se transforman hacia gliomas de alto grado. Algunos estudios genéticos en esté subtipo de tumor referencian la activación de la vía MAPK/ERK a través de cambios en el gen BRAF.
El objetivo del grupo es presentar un caso clínico representativo de un AP con evolución "atípica" y realizar una revisión actualizada desde la biología, genética, las posibilidades terapéuticas emergentes y exponer las controversias del tratamiento desde lo quirúrgico y las terapias complementarias.
Tiempos de respuesta del sistema prehospitalario en pacientes con sospecha diagnóstica de ataque cerebral en Bogotá durante los años 2013 y 2014
Authors: Menéndez Ramírez Salvador , Navarrete Aldana Norberto , Paz Velilla Alexander
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCCIÓN:
En el ataque cerebrovascular (ACV), el tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas y la administración de la terapia de reperfusión está asociado al desenlace. Existe un claro beneficio cuando los pacientes son transportados por los servicios médicos de emergencias (SEM), y en el menor tiempo posible.

OBJETIVO:
Determinar los tiempos entre el despacho de la ambulancia y la llegada del paciente al servicio de urgencias, en los traslados por ACV realizados por el SEM público en Bogotá, durante los años 2013 y 2014.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:
Estudio observacional descriptivo de cohorte histórica, de los traslados por ACV realizados por los vehículos de emergencia del Programa de APH del Centro Regulador de Urgencias y Emergencias de Bogotá.

RESULTADOS:
Se incluyeron 2.161 traslados, 1.218 corresponden al año 2013 y 943 al año 2014. La mediana del tiempo a la escena fue de 13 y 12 minutos (RIQ 9-19 y 8-17 para los años 2012 y 2013 respectivamente), 30 minutos para el tiempo de evaluación (RIQ: 22-39 y 22-36 para los años 2013 y 2014 respectivamente) y 63 minutos para el tiempo total para ambos años (RIQ 50-79 y 49-72, para los años 2013 y 2014 respectivamente).
Fluencia verbal: un test neuropsicológico breve para la detección de trastornos cognitivos en pediatría
Authors: Vaucheret Paz Esteban , Puga Celeste , García Básalo María José , Pintos Paula , Trossero Isabel , Richards Ana , Ekonen Christy , Corleto Mariela , Leist Mariana , Agosta Guillermo
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCCIÓN:
La fluencia verbal es un test psicométrico breve utilizado en evaluaciones neuropsicológicas para estudiar funciones ejecutivas y verbales. El desempeño en la población pediátrica en esta prueba no ha sido profundamente estudiado. Tampoco encontramos estudios en pediatría que analicen la fluidez verbal fonológica (FF) en relación al nivel intelectual utilizando la versión española con letras iniciales "P" y "M".

OBJETIVO:
Analizar el rendimiento en FF en función del nivel intelectual y del diagnóstico.

MÉTODO:
Corte transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes entre 6 y 16 años con evaluación neuropsicológica con nivel intelectual (WISCIV) y FF (NEPSYII) entre enero y junio del 2016. Se realizó una regresión lineal simple para analizar la relación entre FF y el resto de las variables de estudio.

RESULTADOS:
Se incluyeron 95 pacientes, edad media de 10 años. La FF mostró correlación positiva con el nivel intelectual total (CIT) (r=3,71; p<0,001; IC95 % 2,77- 4,65). El 73 % de pacientes con FF normal tuvieron un CIT normal. La probabilidad de presentar un CIT descendido presentado una FF menor de 7 fue 5,5 veces mayor (OR=5,5 p<0,003; IC95 %=2,23-13,76). Quienes presentaron una FF descendida con CIT normal (n=19), El 80 % tenía diagnóstico de trastorno por déficit de atención (15/19) y 21 % dislexia (4/19).

CONCLUSIONES:
Nuestros resultados tienen una importante implicancia clínica, pues no siempre se dispone del acceso y tiempo necesario para realizar una evaluación neuropsicológica extensa. El presente trabajo demuestra que la prueba FF de rápida administración con letras "P" y "M" resulta una herramienta de screening neuropsicológica efectiva en revelar déficit no sólo en funciones ejecutivas y habilidades verbales, sino también en detectar el rendimiento intelectual descendido.
Central pontine myelinolysis after liver transplantation: case report
Authors: Silva Sieger Federico A , Serrano-Martínez Adriana M. , Castillo Alberto , Vanegas Ballesteros Mauricio , Cote Florez Tania Paola
Published: March 2017

Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) is a demyelinating disease with central pontine localization which presents in patients with chronic hepatic disease and hydroelectrolytic disturbances. In spite of pathophysiology still unknown, the patient liver transplanted has several risk factors to CPM. Its clinical manifestations are mainly motor and awareness alterations. Diagnosis requires brain images like magnetic resonance and it has a poor prognosis in critical care patients and it is very important to know about the possibility of presentation and to be aware about this pathology. The main objective to present this case report is sensitizing the medical community regarding the CPM in patients with liver transplant. The case report of a 40-year-old female patient who had previous history of biliary cirrhosis secondary to autoimmune hepatitis and liver transplantation was performed; subsequently developed alteration of awareness, hydroelectrolytic disturbances and abnormal findings in brain imaging. CPM is a neurological demyelinating disease with multifactorial origin, its treatment is supportive and prevention is the main goal in patients with risk factors like patient after liver transplantation.
Aspergilosis cerebral en un paciente postrasplante cardiaco: reporte de caso
Authors: Martínez-Serrano Adriana Marcela , Pabon Alexander , Mantilla-Hernández Julio César , Guerrero Gómez Carlos Fernando , Silva Sieger Federico Arturo
Published: March 2017

Los pacientes trasplantados son susceptibles a complicaciones neurológicas derivadas entre otros aspectos, de las complicaciones mismas del procedimiento, el cuidado crítico que requieren los pacientes, y de los efectos secundarios a los medicamentos utilizados y el efecto inmunoderpresor de los mismos. Este último hace que los pacientes estén expuestos a infecciones oportunistas. Dentro de estas, las Infecciones del Sistema Nervioso Central en el paciente trasplantado constituyen un reto diagnóstico.
Dentro de los procesos infecciosos es importante tener en cuenta aquellos relacionados con hongos, especialmente en los 3 primeros meses posterior al trasplante.
Se presenta el caso de un paciente 67 años con antecedente de trasplante cardíaco, quien ingresa con un proceso febril y posterior compromiso neurológico.
Hemodynamic Changes During Laproscopic Cholecystectomy at Lumbini Medical College
Authors: Sharma Nil Raj , Timalsena Pradeep , Chhetri Sundip Dware , Panthee Sarad
Published: March 2017

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is preferred to open cholecystectomy for several reasons. Patients can be discharged home earlier. They have less pain in comparision to open cholecystectomy. Objectives: To investigate the pneumoperitoneum-induced haemodynamic and ventilatory changes in patients undergoing laproscopic cholycystectomy (LC). Methods: It was a prospective study of the age 15 years to 75 years of both sex (males n=80 and females n =320) were included in the study. The study was conducted in Lumbini Medical College Palpa over the two year period in Jan 2010 and Dec 2012. The variables recorded were: Mean arterial pressure (MAP), End- dal CO2, Peak and plateau airway pressures and heart rate. Data were collected immediately after induction of anesthesia at 5 min , after peritoneal insufflations and tilting the table into 30° head-up position at 10 min and finally at 10 min after exsufflation. Results: There was decrease in MAP after head up position but there was little change after pneumoperitoneum. More the weight more the increased in airway pressure was observed. The end tidal CO2 ramained increased after pneumoperitoneum. Conclusion: Peritoneal insufflation of CO2 to create the pneumoperitoneum and tilting the patient to the head-up position necessary for laparoscopy induces intraoperative ventilatory and hemodynamic changes that complicate anesthetic management of laparoscopy.
Farmacodermia: La otra "Gran Simuladora". -Pharmacodermia: The Other "Great Simulator"
Authors: López Gamboa V.R. , Rossello V.E. , Blanzari M.J. , Gomez Zanni M.S. , Bringas A. , Nocito M.J. , Maldonado S. , Guidi A. , Papa M.B.
Published: March 2017

Dentro de las reacciones adversas a fármacos (RAM), se destacan las farmacodermias por su frecuencia de presentación y por sus variantes clínicas que abarcan manifestaciones agudas graves y crónicas leves, que pueden simular gran variedad de patologías cutáneas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 37 años de edad, con una farmacodermia leve y crónica secundaria a hidroxicloroquina.
The influence of magnetic field on the growth of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) infected with Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Agustrina Rochmah , Nurcahyani Endang , Pramono Eko , Listiana Ika , Nastiti Eko
Published: March 2017

Abstract— This Previous research suggests that magnetic field (MF) can enhance seedling vigor, growth, and the production of tomato plants. This study examines the influence of MF on the growth of tomato infected by Fusarium oxysporum, fungal pathogen that causes Fusarium wilt in tomatoes. This factorial study arranged in a stripe split plot design. Factors tested consists of long exposure to the MF, M (control; 7'48 "; II'42" and 15'36 "), how to infect fusarium, F (through soaking the seeds and by infecting fusarium through the stem at the age 28 days after sowing (das), and soaking the seeds, S (soaking and without soaking for 15 minutes before MF treatment). Each unit of experiment was repeated 3 times. Parameters measured were percentage of germination, growth rate based on plant height, and fresh weight. Observations were made on the plant until 42 das. Data were analyzed of variance followed by the least significant difference (LSD) test at α = 1 and 5%. The results showed that the interaction between MF and fusarium (MxF), fusarium and soaking (FxS), and MF, fusarium, and soaking (MxFxS) did not produce a different response on all parameters measured. Differences in response to the treatments derived from the treatment of MF (M), Fusarium (F), and the treatment interaction of the MF x soaking (MxS). The MF (M) and the interaction of MF and soaking (MxS) significantly effect on all parameters measured at each measurement. The treatment of Fusarium (F) significantly effect on germination percentage, and fresh weight at 7 das.Keywords— magnetic field, fusarium, germination percentage, growth rate, fresh weight.
Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling of simultaneous extraction and fermentation process in a single sugar beet cossette
Authors: Novak Mario , Trontel Antonija , Slavica Anita , Horvat Predrag , Šantek Božidar
Published: March 2017

For simulations of flow and microbial conversion reactions, related to modeling of simultaneous extraction and fermentation process in a single sugar beet cossette a software package OpenFOAM was used. The mass transfer of the components (sucrose, glucose, fructose and ethanol) in the studied system was controlled by the convection and diffusion processes. Microbial conversion rates and yield coefficients were experimentally determined and/or estimated by mathematical simulation. Dimensions of the model sugar beet cossette (SBC) were: average length of cosettes 40.10 mm, average thickness 3.32 mm and average width 3.5 mm, and represented in the model as a square-shape cross-section mathematical simulation. Dimensions of the model sugar beet cossette (SBC) were: average length of cosettes 40.10 mm, average thickness 3.32 mm and average width 3.5 mm, and represented in the model as a square-shape cross-section used to study the mass transfer and microbial conversion rates on the scale of single sugar beet cossette in the short time scales (up to 25 s). This model can be used for simulation of extractant flow around single sugar beet cossette as well as for description of simultaneous extraction and fermentation process in the studied system.
Evaluation of results in research made in order to obtain a phytotherapeutic product for the prophylaxis and fight against nosema in bees
Authors: Agripina Şapcaliu , Savu Vasilică , Radoi Ion , Tapaloagă Dana , Tanase Petruţ , Calin Victor
Published: March 2017

In order to obtain a natural apiphytotherapeutic formula with anti-parasite effect, as an alternative in the control of Nosema spp. infection, an original formula based on hydro-alcoholic extracts from plants and propolis was tested. Experiments were made on naturally infected adult bees from private apiaries diagnosed with nosemosis (Nosema apis/Nosema ceranae). Initially hydro-alcoholic extracts from plants in Romania’s flora and respectively from propolis (Apis mellifera), with sensorial, physical- chemical and microbiologic characteristics, in conformity with requirements in the European Pharmacopeia VIth Edition and Romanian Pharmacopeia Xth edition. Parasitosis was demonstrated through laboratory methods, respectively through direct microscopic examination, on bee samples collected from aviaries according to O.I.E. (World Organisation for Animal Health) methodology (2008). „In vitro“ lab testing of plant extracts and of work variants was done firstly on naturally infested polyfloral honey having an average concentration of 7 spores/ microscopic field of Nosema sp., with the purpose of selecting the most effective work variant which was afterwards tested „in vivo“ in private apiaries, on bee colonies. The results of the clinical study showed the absence of disease in 75% of the treated hives (33 hives), bees being declared clinically healthy. In 14 % of the hives (6 hives) infestation was weak, in 6.82% of the hives (3 hives) infestation was medium, and 4.55 % (2 hives) were diagnosed with a massive degree of infestation and the therapeutic protocol continued.
Anatomical characterization of ADHD using an atlas-based analysis: A diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Acer Niyazi , Dolu Nazan , Zararsiz Gokmen , Dogan Mehmet Sait , Gumus Kazim , Ozmen Sevgi , Kara Ali Yucel , Soysal Handan , Per Huseyin , Bilgen Mehmet
Published: March 2017

Purpose: To examine brain diffusion characteristics in pediatric patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and an atlas-based anatomical analysis of the whole brain and to investigate whether these images have unique characteristics that can support functional diagnoses. Materials and Methods: Seventeen children with ADHD and ten control subjects (all age-matched) underwent MRI scans. The Institutional Ethics Board approved this study. Morphometric analysis was performed using MriStudio software. The diffusion images were normalized using a linear transformation, followed by large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM). For 189 parcellated brain regions, the volume, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were measured. Results: Children with ADHD were found to have increase in the body of lateral ventricle volumes compared to the control. Increased MD was found in the deep gray matter, amygdala, thalamus, substantia nigra, and also the cerebellum left and right side. Increased RD was found in the deep gray matter, caudate, thalamus, substantia nigra and hippocampus left and right side compared to the control. Significant elevated FA was found in the bilateral splenium of the corpus callosum in ADHD patients. Conclusion: Children with ADHD display abnormal diffusion characteristics and anatomical features compared to healthy controls. DTI can provide sensitive information on integrity of white matter (WM) and intra-WM structures in ADHD.
Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) gum exudate as a potential excipient
Authors: Basu Sweta , Prasad Majeti N.V. , Suthari Sateesh , Kiran Boda Ravi
Published: March 2017

Gum exudate was obtained from Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC., which is abundantly available in north-west, central, west and south India. It was analysed for its phytochemical composition in aqueous extract and as well as by LCMS, GCMS, TGDTA and SEM to validate it’s potential for use as an excipient (Fig. 1).
Starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria for special diet products
Authors: Bareika Hanna Aljaksandrauna , Sidarenka Anatasija Vyachaslavauna , Novik Galina Ivanovna
Published: March 2017

From fresh and fermented vegetables (cucumber, sauercraut, eggplant), cereals (wheat, rice), legumes (soy) 37 cultures of lactic acid bacteria were isolated. Based on biochemical characteristics, MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling and 16S rRNA gene sequencing they were identified as representatives of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus and Enterococcus genera. Six members of Lactobacillus genera and two members of Leuconostoc genera actively producing EPS were selected for further investigation as components of starters for production of special dietetic foodstuffs.