bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TIGHT OR FLEXIBLE? THE DEGREE OF DETAIL OF LOCAL LAW REGULATIONS AND ITS IMPACT ON A QUALITY OF URBAN SPACE – SELECTED CASES FROM POZNAN
Authors:   Politechnika Poznańska Wydział Architektury Instytut Architektury i Planowania Przestrzennego Zakład Architektury Miejsc Pracy i Rekreacji, Skórzewski Wojciech
Published: June 2021

Local spatial development plans, are one of the most important urban landscaping tools. Their goal is, on the one hand, to protect urban space including, inter alia, prevention of creation of illconsidered developments, that are bad to the urban landscape, the environment or the local communities. For this purpose, there is a number of restrictions introduced into local spatial development plans. On the other hand, the role of local plans is also creating the space, so they should be conducive to projects with high-quality architecture, that are often unconventional and innovative, adding new value to the architectural landscape of the city, which could be blocked by too strict regulations. The trick is to create regulations in a way that can help reconcile that two goals.
Catatan Editor: Memotret Wajah Psikologis Masyarakat Indonesia: Pentingnya Konsep dan Pengukuran Psikologi yang Ulayat
Authors: Himawan Karel Karsten
Published: June 2021

Alat ukur merupakan elemen utama dalam studi-studi di bidang psikologi, khususnya yang berpedoman pada paradigma positivisme. Namun mayoritas studi psikologi di Indonesia masih berpedoman pada konsep serta pengukuran psikologi Barat, sehingga kurang akurat dalam memotret realita psikologis yang sebenarnya terjadi. Dalam tulisan ini, secara singkat saya mendeskripsikan peran sentral pengukuran dalam ilmu psikologi dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan historis. Selanjutnya, tulisan ini mendiskusikan pentingnya mempertimbangkan konteks ulayat dalam penelitian psikologi di Indonesia, yang diharapkan dapat menginspirasi studi-studi pengembangan konsep psikologi yang khas Indonesia.
The Description of Internet Game Online Addiction Among Teenagers
Authors: Anggraeni Novilia , Agustiani Hendriati , Novianti Langgersari Elsari , Ninin Retno Hanggarani
Published: June 2021

Online game is one of the most popular leisure activity for adolescents. Playing it excessively can lead to addiction. Once addicted, behavior problems arise and at a certain level of addiction, psychological treatment will be needed. The aim of this study is to describe online gaming addiction in terms of four levels of addiction. The participants are 41 high school students (12-14 years old) who lived in Jatinangor. They are active players in online games using mobile phones, computers, or other media. Data were collected using an open-ended questionnaire than qualitatively analysed by the way of thematic analysis. Result shows that participants mostly perceived playing online games as a pleasurable and rewarding activity (recreational level of addiction). In this level, there are negative impacts that occur when they are playing online games, but the impacts disappear when they stop playing an online game. In at-risk level, participants feeling the rewarding effects (e.g. stress release). Participants accept when their parents start complaining about their gaming behavior. In problematic use level, the gaming behavior is increasingly done alone and often dismissed parents’ concern about their gaming behavior. In fully addict level, only the amount of time for playing online games reported (8 hours per day).

Keywords: addiction, game online, adolescence, online mobile gaming
Validity of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) Measurement Tool
Authors: Kalalo Beatrice , Marlietama Celine Amanda , Cristabel Graceveline
Published: June 2021

Social phobia adalah ketakutan seseorang ketika beraktivitas di depan orang lain, seperti makan, minum, gemetar, memerah, berbicara, menulis atau muntah. Aktivitas ini merujuk kepada kecemasan dalam diri seseorang. Terdapat dua aspek yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kecemasan yaitu performance dan social. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji validasi alat ukur Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan kriteria subjek mahasiswa aktif strata 1 usia 17-25 tahun. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 177 mahasiswa dari berbagai perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Data diperoleh melalui google form yang disebarkan secara online dan data diolah menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling sehingga subjek yang dibutuhkan adalah subjek yang memenuhi kriteria di atas. Validasi alat ukur pada penelitian ini menggunakan sumber bukti berdasarkan struktur internal dan korelasi dengan alat ukur lain (Beck Depression Inventory dan Social Interaction Anxiety Scale). Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa alat ukur LSAS valid dan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kecemasan sosial.
Psychological Well-Being, Stress, and Emotion Regulation in First Year College Student during COVID-19
Authors: Aditya Gunawan  , Bintari Dini Rahma
Published: June 2021

Stres merupakan salah satu reaksi psikologis yang menyertai mahasiswa selama pandemic COVID-19. Tingkat stres dapat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan psikologis mahasiswa. Terdapat penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang menemukan hubungan antara regulasi emosi dengan stres maupun kesejahteraan psikologis, dimana tingkat stress yang tinggi akan menurunkan kesejahteraan psikologis dan regulasi emosi mampu mengurangi stress serta menjaga kesejahteraan psikologis individu.  Strategi regulasi emosi expressive suppression dan cognitive reappraisal diartikan sebagai cara individu dalam mempengaruhi, merasakan, serta mengekspresikan emosi yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek strategi regulasi emosi expressive suppression dan cognitive reappraisal sebagai moderator antara stres dan kesejahteraan psikologis. Sebanyak 119 mahasiswa baru Universitas Indonesia 2020 terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Stres diukur menggunakan Perceived Stres Scale-10 for COVID-19 (PSS-10-C); regulasi emosi diukur menggunakan Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ); dan kesejahteraan psikologis diukur menggunakan Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-being (RPWB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) stres dapat menjadi prediktor kesejahteraan psikologis secara signifikan; (2) strategi regulasi emosi expressive suppression signifikan dalam memperkuat hubungan negatif antara stres dan kesejahteraan psikologis; (3) strategi regulasi emosi cognitive reappraisal signifikan dalam memperlemah hubungan negatif antara stres dan kesejahteraan psikologis.
Construction and Validation of Emotional Agility Measurement Tools : Measuring One'S Emotional Agility
Authors: Kamilah Hana , Hanifah
Published: June 2021

Mental health includes one’s ability to adjust themselves with the daily stres they experience. On stresful event, there’s always highly emotional condition attached, therefore the ability to regulate emotions becomes vital. Emotional Agility is one’s ability to face emotions, thoughts loosely and move past them to help change or retain behaviors in line with goal and values . In Indonesia, research regarding Emotional Agility and it’s measurement hasn’t been explored much. The instrument are designed based on Emotional Agility theory–Susan David and being tried out to 112 respondents (young adult individuals). The validity test being used pertains to Construct Validity, using model testing Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Reliability test are done using Alpha Cronbach technique. Based on the try out, an instrument of Emotional Agility in Indonesian Version is produced consisting 49 items (p-value=1.00, RMSEA=0.00, CFI=0.97, NFI=0.97, IFI=0.97 and reliability coefficient of 0.860).
The Cretaceous nautiloid genus Anglonautilus Spath, 1927, in France
Authors: Baudouin Cyril , Delanoy Gérard , Lehmann Jens , Frau Camille , Gonnet Roland , Vermeulen Jean
Published: June 2021

The occurrence of the nautiloid genus Anglonautilus Spath in France was limited to the report of Anglonautilus dorsoplicatus (Wiedmann) from the Albian of Escragnolles (Alpes-Maritimes) and Anglonautilus sp. from the Aptian of Les Ferres (Alpes-Maritimes). Here we document the presence of the successive species Anglonautilus praeundulatus Lehmann et al., Anglonautilus undulatus (Sowerby) and Anglonautilus dorsoplicatus (Wiedmann) from the Cretaceous of France. The stratigraphic range of Anglonautilus Spath, hitherto unknown before Aptian times is extended downward to the Hauterivian. The Hauterivian species Nautilus begudensis Kilian & Reboul, sometimes assigned to the genus Anglonautilus Spath, is revised and re-assigned to the genus Cymatoceras Hyatt.
Da LDB ao Plano Nacional de Educação: Narrativa sobre a (in)eficiência das políticas públicas para a valorização docente
Authors: Reisdoefer Deise Nivia
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma narrativa experiencial sobre a formação docente e as políticas públicas destinadas à valorização docente. A partir de estudo documental, embricado às minhas experiências profissionais como docente da Educação Básica e do Ensino Superior, descrevo elementos de relevância no entorno da formação e da valorização dos professores. O estudo narrativo fez emergir dois momentos de análise: a formação docente a partir do que prevê a literatura e as políticas públicas implementadas num período de 25 anos, que deveriam concretizar a valorização docente. Depois de refletidas, analisadas e rememoradas minhas vivências na profissão, as escritas traduzem uma desvalorização docente difícil de ser superada. O não pagamento do piso salarial, a falta de tempo destinado aos planejamentos, a pouca oferta de formação continuada e a escassez de concursos públicos são alguns dos pontos frágeis em relação ao cumprimento da legislação. São itens que prejudicam a atuação docente de qualidade e contribuem para um afastamento da docência por professores recém-formados.
Apresentação
Authors: Reisdoefer Deise Nivia
Published: June 2021

A segunda edição da Revista CONTRAPONTO: Discussões Científicas e Pedagógicas em Ciências, Matemática e Educação conta com 14 manuscritos subdivididos em Artigos Científicos, Ensaios, Relatos de Experiências e Resenhas. Os trabalhos que compõem esta edição abrangem temáticas relacionadas às áreas de Ensino, Educação e Interdisciplinar. Textos científicos que relatam pesquisas e experiências em sala de aula nos diversos níveis e em várias instituições de ensino, compõem a maioria das publicações e indicam que são temas relevantes para os pesquisadores que escolhem a CONTRAPONTO como meio de divulgação de suas ações, reflexões e análises.
Incentivo à docência por meio do PIBID na formação inicial de professores de geografia para educação básica
Authors: Carvalho Josias , Santos Francisco , Sousa Larysssa , Serafim Ana
Published: June 2021

Nas recentes políticas públicas educacionais, a formação inicial de professores para atuação na Educação Básica receberam um destaque merecido, devido o processo de profissionalidade que a profissão vem tomando na atualidade. O Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência – PIBID, é uma das recentes políticas públicas educacionais que evidenciam isto. Assim, este trabalho possui o objetivo de compreender o que levou e incentivou os egressos do PIBID-Subprojeto/Interdisciplinar da UPE, Campi Mata Norte a participar deste programa. A abordagem empregada nesta pesquisa é a qualitativa, do tipo ex-post-facto. Diante da análise e da avaliação realizada por meio das respostas obtidas junto aos egressos da área de Geografia, do PIBID/Subprojeto-Interdisciplinar, do Campi Mata Norte da UPE, concluiu-se que o que conduziu os licenciandos de Geografia a participarem do PIBID foi a busca por uma melhor formação inicial, pretendendo superar principalmente a fragmentação ainda existente na formação inicial entre a teoria e a prática. Observou-se diante dos dados também que a bolsa oferecida aos participantes de certa maneira incentiva a docência e a permanência no curso de Licenciatura em Geografia, pois permite que os discentes sobrevivam financeiramente na Educação Superior, dada as desigualdades socioeconômicas que o Brasil possui.
Data storage using peptide sequences
Authors: Ng Cheuk Chi A. , Tam Wai Man , Yin Haidi , Wu Qian , So Pui-Kin , Wong Melody Yee-Man , Lau Francis C. M. , Yao Zhong-Ping
Published: June 2021

From the beginning of civilization, the media for storing data have been continuously evolving from such as stone tablets, animal bones and bamboo tablets to paper, with improvements on data density over time. Since the invention of electronics in the last century, the percentage of data stored in digital form has been increasing rapidly to almost 100% recently. Moreover, the amount of data generated has been increasing exponentially, from several ZB in 2008 to an expected 74 ZB in 2021, causing a much increased demand for data storage correspondingly. Most of the digital data are stored in physical media such as hard drives. In addition, many of the data are rarely accessed and are archived on reels of magnetic tapes. However, the physical thickness of the tapes and the size of magnetic domains limit the maximum data density, which is expected to reach a plateau soon. Furthermore, data in old tapes need to be copied onto new tapes regularly, as the magnetic tapes can normally last for ten to twenty years only. This process is time-consuming and expensive. Hence, next-generation media that can store digital data with a much higher data density and durability are needed.Here we report the use of peptide sequences for digital data storage, a method that has not been reported before. The data-bearing peptides are commercially synthesized, and the data retrieval process is described here. As an example, we stored one dataset consists of (i) 848 bits of ASCII formatted text in 40 peptides, and (ii) another dataset consists of 13752 bits of the “silent night” music in MIDI format together with its title in ASCII format in 511 peptides. These files are available in Supplementary Files section.
The Homogeneous Conversion Mechanism of Cellulose Pyrolysis Tar Under the Effect of Steam
Authors: Tang Feng , Jin Yuqi , Chi Yong , Ma Jiayu , Zhu Zhongxu , Gong Jinhua
Published: June 2021

Biomass accounts for the largest proportion of rural solid waste with high moisture content, which affects the thermal treatment process. This paper studied the effect of steam on the pyrolysis tar of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by a two-stage fixed bed. The experiments had been carried out under different steam/feedstock mass ratios (S/F= 0, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6) when the first stage was at 600℃, and the second stage was at 800 ℃. The tar content in the syngas was reduced effectively from 6.68% to 2.30% when the S/F was from 0 to 1.6. Under the four S/F conditions, aromatic compounds accounted for more than 80%, which was the largest proportion of tar products. Significantly, formic acid phenyl ester (FAPE) decreased obviously with the growth of S/F. Besides, when the steam content was excessive, the MAHs, such as phenols and indenes, could be further cyclized and aromatized to form PAHs. To further study the removal mechanism of tar, the FAPE was investigated by density functional theory (DFT). It was concluded that the O3-C4 bond of FAPE was most likely to be attacked by the H2O molecule to form phenol, CO2, and H2 directly, among the four possible paths.
Image quality assessment of deep learning image reconstruction in computed tomography using tube current modulation: a phantom study
Authors: takeuchi kazuhiro , Ide Yasuhiro , Mori Yuichiro , Uehara Yusuke , Sukeishi Hiroshi , Goto Sachiko
Published: June 2021

The novel deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) is known to change its image quality characteristics according to object contrast and image noise. In clinical practice, computed tomography (CT) image noise is usually controlled by tube current modulation (TCM) to accommodate changes in object size. This study aimed to evaluate the image quality characteristics of DLIR for different object sizes when in-plane noise is controlled by TCM. We used Mercury 4.0 phantoms with different object sizes. Phantom image acquisition was performed on a GE Revolution CT system to investigate the impact of the DLIR algorithm compared to standard reconstructions: filtered back projection (FBP) and hybrid iterative reconstruction (hybrid-IR). For image quality evaluation, the noise power spectrum (NPS), task-based transfer function (TTF), and detectability index (d') were determined. The NPS of DLIR was very similar to that of FBP, and the information in the high-frequency region was maintained. In terms of TTF, DLIR showed higher resolution than hybrid-IR at low- to medium-contrast (Δ50, Δ90HU), but not necessarily higher than FBP. At the simulated contrast and lesion size, DLIR showed higher detectability than hybrid-IR, regardless of the phantom size. In this study, we evaluated a novel DLIR algorithm by reproducing clinical behaviors. The findings indicate that DLIR produces higher image quality than hybrid-IR regardless of the phantom size, although it depends on the reconstruction strength.
Monitoring Method of Hydroxyl Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids in Complex Environment Water Samples
Authors: Yin Zhenjie , Liu Sheng , Jin Xinxin , Ma Yajie , Yu Hong
Published: June 2021

With the increasing emphasis on the toxicity of ionic liquids, it is imperative to develop detection methods for ionic liquids in complex environments. A new method for the analysis of hydroxyl functionalized imidazolium ionic liquids in complex environmental water samples by using ion chromatography and solid-phase extraction was developed. Under the selected chromatographic conditions, the complete separation of the two analytes was achieved in 14.0 min. The linear and repetitive data of the approach for the analysis of the two cations by ion chromatography meet the requirements of quantitative analysis. The extraction of [HEMIm]+ and [HPMIm]+ in water samples by ion-exchange solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase solid-phase extraction was compared. The results show that the enrichment and purification of two target cations can be better achieved using ion-exchange solid-phase extraction approach, and the enrichment multiple was 50 times. The method was used to determine the target cations in two river waters. The recovery of standard addition was between 82.5% and 96.0%, the detection limit was less than 0.01 mg/L, and inter-assay RSD was less than 2.5%. The method is simple, accurate and reliable. It is suitable for the determination of hydroxyl functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid cations in environmental water samples.
A Comparative Study with Practical Validation of Photovoltaic Monocrystalline Module for Single and Double Diode Models
Authors: Saleh Ameer L. , Motahhir Saad , Yaqoob Salam J. ,   Ephraim B. Agyekum4
Published: June 2021

The photovoltaic (PV) module is equipment that converted sunlight energy to electrical energy. To show the behavior of this device, a mathematical model should be presented. The well-known single-diode and double-diode models were utilized to demonstrate the electrical behavior of the PV module. Moreover, the single and double-diode models have been explained and simulated to study the difference between them under different weather conditions. Furthermore, the mathematical analysis of these models are carried out based on their equivalent circuits. Since, the "Matlab/Simulink" is considered as one of the major software for modeling, analyzing, and solving the dynamic system real problems; it has been used to model and simulate the PV models. In this work the "Mux." and "Fcn." functions in the "Matlab/ Simulink Library" are used which is considered a simple and precise procedure to show the I-V and P-V characteristics. As a result, more accurate results of the I-V and P-V curves have been obtained by the double-diode model compared to the single-diode model. Experimentally, the monocrystalline NST-120W PV module is used to validate the proposed work. The laboratory devices of lux meter, thermometer, ammeter, and voltmeter are used to see the practical results and show the performance of the PV module for different weather conditions. Finally, the experimental voltage, current and power are obtained for the various values of irradiance and temperature through a variable resistive load to obtain the I-V and P-V graphs.
Whole-Genome-Sequence of Streptococcus Suis LSM178 with a Novel ST1005 Characterized the Hyper Pathogenicity in Human Infection
Authors: Hu Yong , Fu Shiming , Dong Xingxing , Teng Lin , Li Jinquan
Published: June 2021

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) has been well-recognized as a zoonotic pathogen worldwide gearing up a great risk to the public health. In this study, an S. suis LSM178 strain with serotype 2 and novel multi-locus sequence type of 1005, isolating from a patient, was interpreted for the pathogenicity by its genetic information. LSM178 was more efficiently invasive to Caco-2 cells than SC19 and P1/7. Phylogenetic analysis showed that LSM178 clustered with highly virulent strains including all human strains and epidemic strains. These serotype 2 S. suis from China shared exclusively the typical virulence characteristics including the maximum (95/96) virulent factors and type I-89 K Pathogenicity Island. Further, groups of genes were identified to distinguish these highly virulent strains from other generally virulent strains, emphasizing the key roles of genes modeling transcription, cell barrier, replication, recombination and repair on the high pathogenicity for highly virulent strains. Additionally, LSM178 contains a novel prophage conducive potentially to pathogenicity. These characters would contribute to deeply studying the pathogenic mechanism and virulence drift of human pathogenic S. suis.
Comparison of Common Adverse Neonatal Outcomes Among Preterm and Term Infants at the National Referral Hospital in Tanzania: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Rugumisa Bernadether Terentius , Sangeda Raphael Zozimus , Bongcam-Rudloff Erik , Lyantagaye Sylvester Leonard , Massawe Siriel Nanzia
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe first month of life is the most critical in a child’s heath because it is associated with the highest risk of adverse health outcomes. In Tanzania the risk of adverse health outcomes in preterm infants is five times higher compared to term infants.The objective of this study was to assess common adverse health outcomes and compare the risk of such outcomes between preterm and term infants, in Tanzania, within the first 28 days of life.MethodsThis was a case-control study involving preterm (cases) and term (controls) infants delivered at the Muhimbili National Hospital between August and October 2019 . About 222 pairs of cases and controls were reviewed for their medical records. Logistic regression was used to compare the risk of neonatal outcomes between the study groups. Statistical significance was achieved at P-value < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval.ResultsPreterm infants have an increased risk of mortality (OR = 7.2, 95% CI: 3.4-15.1), apnea (OR = 4.7, 95% CI: 3.4-15.1), respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 3.2-7.3), necrotizing enterocolitis (OR = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.2-25.3), anemia (OR = 4.3 , 95% CI: 2.8-6.6), pneumonia (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-4.6) and sepsis (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.7-3.9) in the first month of life compared to term infants. No differences in the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus and jaundice were observed between preterm and term infants. ConclusionThe findings of this study informs the Tanzanian health sector about the most common and high risk neonatal outcomes in preterm infants. Additionaly, for promoting neonates' health, the health sector needs to consider preventing and treating the most common and high risk adverse neonatal outcomes in preterm infants.
Sister Mary Joseph’s Nodule: An important Physical Finding.
Authors: Weledji Elroy Patrick , Takere Mbachan Masoeli , Maffo Joviale Christelle
Published: June 2021

Background: Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule is a rare but important physical finding as it is a sign of an advanced stage of malignancy.Case presentation: This is a case of an apparently clinically well but immunodeficient 62-year- old African woman whose main complaint was an enlarging violaceous discharging umbilical nodule. A focused history and physical examination complemented by an abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scan was suggestive of an umbilical cutaneous manifestation (Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule) of an underlying disseminated ovarian malignancy. This was confirmed histologically by an excision biopsy of the umbilical nodule.Conclusions: Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule is an important differential diagnosis for an umbilical nodular lesion as it is a sign of advanced malignancy with a generally poor prognosis.
The Effect of Empowerment-Based E-Learning on Health-Promoting Behaviors in Female Adolescents
Authors: bostani zahra , pouralizadeh Moluk , Rahnavardi Mona
Published: June 2021

Background: Paying particular attention to the health of adolescents, especially girls, is one of the millennium development goals, the improvement of HPB in female adolescents is necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of the empowerment-based e-learning program on HPB in female adolescents.The present study was of quasi-experimental type (educational intervention) in which 80 middle school and high school female students participated. Data collection tools included the Questionnaire of Demographic Characteristics and the HPB Questionnaire (the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II)). First, the pretest was performed using the research tool in both intervention and control groups. After performing the pretest, the empowerment model was performed according to the needs, wants of the research samples, and based on the triple steps (perception of threat, problem-solving, and assessment) for the intervention group. Eight weeks after the intervention, the questionnaire was completed again in both groups. Results: The implementation of the educational program led to increased mean scores in the dimensions of HPB, including health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, and interpersonal relationships in the intervention group, but spiritual growth and stress management had no significant change (p>0.001). However, in the control group, no statistically significant change was observed in any of the dimensions of health-promoting behaviors.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that empowerment-based e-learning can be effective in changing the behavior of female adolescents towards healthy behaviors. Therefore, this method is recommended as an effective educational approach to improve adolescent health-promoting behaviors.
Immune Microenvironment-Related Genes Contribute to Clinical Prognosis in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Feng Dandan , Gao Jie , Yang Tianshu , Ren Yanli , Liu Wei , Li Gen , Wu Jihao , Zhou Lin , Feng Yajuan , Teng Xu , Yu Hefen , Huang Wei
Published: June 2021

Background:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a high-risk breast cancer subtype, which accounts for 15% to 20% of all breast cancers and generally has a poor prognosis. TNBC patients have high recurrence post-surgery and high risk of metastasis to other organs. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays important roles in the carcinogenesis, development, and metastasis of tumors. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the effects of immune and stromal cell-related genes on TNBC prognosis. The ESTIMATE algorithm was used to calculate the immune/stromal scores of TNBC samples from the GEO database. The samples were divided into high- and low- score groups and the differential expression genes were identified using the limma package within R. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses revealed that these genes are primarily involved in immune responses. Results:Survival analysis in both GSE21653 and KM-plotter website showed that 36 genes were significantly related to disease-free survival (DFS) of TNBC. Another survival analysis by R package survival in GSE58812 indicated that 14 genes of 36 were greatly interrelated to DFS of TNBC. Moreover, the expression levels of some of these genes were verified through immunohistochemical staining and RT-qPCR. Finally, four genes importantly associated with TNBC prognosis were identified with Cox-LASSO analysis. Time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis displayed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 for one-year survival rate, indicating the four genes performed very well for prognosis prediction. Conclusions:In conclusion, we identified four genes, including BIRC3, CD8A, GNLY and TRIM22, that are possibly associated with the TME and are potential prognostic and therapeutic markers of TNBC.
cAMP Agonist Forskolin Disrupts Mitochondrial Metabolism and Induces Senescence in Human Mesenchymal Cells
Authors: Zhu Rongjia , Wang Qiaoling , Su Xiaodong , Yin Kan , Zhao Robert Chunhua
Published: June 2021

Backgroud: Adult-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used in therapies for the treatment of various diseases. However, MSCs derived from aging tissues or long-term MSC cultures could have diminished therapeutic effects compared with MSCs derived from younger tissues, but the underlying mechanism has not been completely established. Dysfunction of energy metabolism is one of the main mechanisms underlying cell senescence. Although cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is known to inhibit cell division and proliferation in vitro, its impact on MSC senescence has not been described. Methods: In this study, we used forskolin, an adenylate cyclase agonist and cAMP inducer, to disrupt metabolism in human adipose-derived MSCs and investigate the effects of metabolic dysfunction on MSC senescence. cAMP and ATP levels were identified by its ELISA kits. The identification of MSCs senescence was assessed by MTS assay, cell cycle tests, β-galactosidase staining, and genes evaluation through qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Functions of the forskolin treated-MSCs were evaluated by oil Red O staining and alkaline phosphatase staining, as well as mRNA tests and wound healing assay. Mitochondrial morphology and function tests were performed by transmission electron microscopy and oxygen consumption analysis, mitochondrial superoxide assay, quantification of nitric oxide.Results: Treatment of human MSCs with forskolin resulted in senescence phenotypes, including reduced proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, and enhanced expression of the cell aging markers P16 and P21. Furthermore, the senescent MSCs exhibited increased adipogenesis capacity and decreased osteogenesis capacity as well as a senescence-associated secretory phenotype characterized by increased expression of several inflammatory factors. Forskolin-associated MSC senescence was mainly caused by oxidative stress–induced disruption of mitochondrial metabolism, and the senescent MSCs had high levels of reactive oxygen species and reduced sirtuin gene expression. Lastly, we found that cAMP inhibitor SQ22536 protects MSCs from forskolin-induced senescence and senescence-related-inflammatory-phenotype (SASP). Conclusions: Our results indicate that forskolin can cause senescence of human MSCs through oxidative stress–induced mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction.
CNN-GRU Network-based Force Prediction Approach for Variable Working Condition Milling Clamping Points of Deformable Parts
Authors: Li Enming , Zhou Jingtao , Yang Changsen , Wang Mingwei , Li Zeyu , Zhang Huibin , Jiang Tengyuan
Published: June 2021

Improper clamping is one of the major causes of part deformation. Improving the fixture arrangement through force analysis of clamping points is an effective means to suppress or improve machining deformation. However, the existing research focuses on the monitoring and off-line optimization of the clamping point force, which has a certain lag on the machining deformation control, and it is difficult to predict the clamping point force due to the time-varying coupling effect of multiple factors such as process parameters, cutting force and clamping point force in the machining process. Inspired by the excellent performance of convolutional neural networks and gated recurrent networks in feature extraction and learning of temporal association laws, this paper proposes a CNN-GRU-based method for predicting the force state of clamping points under variable working conditions. Firstly, a force prediction model of clamping point during milling process with variable working conditions is established. Secondly, a convolutional neural network is designed to extract the features of dynamic coupled machining conditions. Then, a network of gated recurrent units is constructed to learn the temporal correlation law between the machining conditions and the forces on the clamping points to achieve force prediction of the clamping points during machining. Finally, it was verified by the milling process of the piston skirt. The results show that CNN-GRU can effectively predict the clamping force. In addition, CNN-GRU has higher computational efficiency and accuracy compared with CNN-LSTM, CNN-RNN and CNN-BP.
LncRNA CRNED Hinders the Progression of Osteoarthritis by Epigenetic Regulation of DACT1
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Yang Pei , Wang Chunsheng , Tian Run
Published: June 2021

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is usually characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, synovial fibrosis and inflammation. LncRNA CRNED (colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed) has been reported to be down-regulated in age-related OA, but its role in injury-induced OA needs to be further explored.Methods: An OA rat model was established by using anterior cruciate ligament transection, and the adenovirus-mediated CRNED overexpression (Ad-CRNED) or DACT1 (dapper antagonist of catenin-1) interference (sh-DACT1) vectors were injected into the rat model through tail vein. ATDC5 cells were treated by IL-1β (10 ng/mL) to simulate OA conditions in vitro. Histological staining was performed to evaluate knee cartilage damage and synovitis. Gain-and loss-of-function assays analyzed the effects of CRNED and DACT1 on cell functions and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity in chondrocytes. Bioinformatic analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to assess the regulatory interaction of CRNED, p300 and DACT1.Results: Overexpression of CRNED alleviated cartilage damage and synovitis in OA rats, and suppressed IL-1β-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in DACT5 cells, while silencing DACT1 effectively antagonized the protective effect of CRNED both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanism studies found that DACT1 could act as a downstream target of CRNED. By recruiting p300, CRNED promoted the enrichment of H3K27ac in the DACT1 promoter, thus promoting DACT1 transcription. In addition, CRNED hindered the activation of the Wnt pathway in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes by inducing DACT1 expression.Conclusion: CRNED promoted DACT1 expression through epigenetic modification and restrained the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling to impede the progression of OA.
Evaluation of the Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form among the elderly population from Ethiopia
Authors: Urgessa Megersso
Published: June 2021

Background

Different tools have been used to perform a nutritional screening and assessment, and MNA is one of the widely used and recommended tools in the geriatrics population. MNA has two forms, long and short. However, MNA short-forms have not been evaluated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate MNA short form against MNA long-form tool among Ethiopian elders.
Methods

One hundred and seventy-six randomly selected elders entered into the community-based cross-sectional validation study. Amputated, bedridden, those with visible deformity were excluded. Original MNA questionnaires were translated to Afan Oromo and Amharic languages. All translated and pretested MNA questionnaires were administered to each participant. The anthropometrics were measured. Reliability, validity, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC-curve) analysis was plotted for MNA, to identify the area under the curve (AUC) and optimal cut-off value for prediction of malnutrition.
Result

Strong association between MNA-long form score and MNA-short form score indicated by spearman’s rank correlation coefficients of BMI-MNA-SF 0.771,p < 0.05 and CC-MNA-SF 0.759, P < 0.05. Similar the agreement between the long and short form of MNA was found to be a weighted kappa 0.396(0.318, 0.474) for BMI-MNA-SF and 0.546(0.422, 0.669) for CC-MNA-SF at 95% CI. These values indicate moderate agreement with the MNA-long form. There is very good agreement between the BMI-MNA-SF and CC-MNA-SF 0.400(0.322, 0.478). Also, high power to identify two categories using MNA long-form as golden standard with AUC for BMI –MNA-SF 0.908 (0.865–0.951) and 0.880 (0.831–0.929) for CC-MNA-SF at 95% CI. Diagnostic accuracy of both versions of MNA-SF showed that 34.2% sensitivity, 100.0% specificity, 100.0% PPV, and 41.5% NPV for BMI-MNA-SF. Similar sensitivity 75.8%, specificity 83.9%, PPV 91.0%, and 61.8% NPV for CC-MNA-SF. Total Diagnostic accuracy for BMI-MNA-SF 55.12%, and 78.41% for CC-MNA-SF
Conclusion

Both versions of MNA-SF were found to be valid screening tools in the Ethiopian elders against Long-form MNA.
Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Patients Suffering from Acute Dental Pain of Endodontic Origin
Authors: Shobana Shekar , Mahalaxmi Sekar , Sriniva Narasimhan
Published: June 2021

Millions of root canal treatment is being done every year to relieve the patient of endodontic pain, but a vast majority of them are not being assessed for oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) after the procedure.The primary objective of this study is to assess Oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients suffering from acute dental pain of endodontic origin before and after the institution of root canal treatment. This cross sectional, questionnaire based study was conducted among 86 out patients reporting to the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. The validity of the 5 point Likert scale questionnaire was confirmed using a content validity index by distributing the questionnaire amongst six experts. The questionnaire was tendered to patients before and 1 week after single visit root canal treatment. The questionnaire was categorised into 3 constructs representing sleep, physical, social and psychological dimension. Pre-treatment and post-treatment OHRQoL scores were analysed statistically using Wilcoxon rank test. There was a statistically significant median decrease in OHRQoL post-operative scores for all the three constructs. This study suggests that root canal treatment significantly improves OHRQoL of patients suffering from acute pain of endodontic origin.
Axillary Nodal Metastasis of Operated Gallbladder Carcinoma – First Remote Site of Aggression.
Authors: Vats Manu , Bains Lovenish , Lal Pawan , Mandal Shramana
Published: June 2021

Background: Gallbladder cancer is a very aggressive type of biliary tract cancer. The only curative treatment is complete surgical excision of the tumour. However, even after surgery, there is still a risk of recurrence of the cancer.Case summary: A 63-year-old gentleman presented with the complaint of a non-healing ulcer at epigastrium for the last 1 month, after having undergone a laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a private centre 4 months ago. Investigations confirmed the diagnosis of epigastric port site metastasis from a primary from gall bladder adenocarcinoma. After undergoing completion radical cholecystectomy with wide local excision of the epigastric ulcer, he received 6 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Eighteen months later, he presented to us with bilateral axillary swellings. Investigations confirmed bilateral axillary metastasis. He then underwent bilateral axillary lymphadenectomy (Level 3). However, PET scan after 6 months showed widespread metastasis and the patient succumbed to the illness 1 month later.Conclusion: Axillary metastasis probably occurs due to the presence of microscopic systemic metastasis at the time of development of port site metastasis. An R0 resection of the malignancy is the only viable option for effective therapy. The present case highlights the rare involvement of bilateral axillary lymph nodes as the first distant metastatic site with no evidence of disease in the locoregional site. However, the prognosis after metastasis remains dismal despite multiple treatment modalities.
State-selection by an Unconventional Mechanism in Dissociative Double Ionization of Sulphur Dioxide
Authors: Jarraya M. , Wallner M. , Nyman G. , Yaghlane S. Ben , Hochlaf M. , Eland J.H.D. , Feifel R.
Published: June 2021

Using multi-electron-ion coincidence measurements combined with high level calculations, we show that double ionization of SO2 at 40.81 eV can be state selective. It leads to high energy products, in good yield, via a newly identified mechanim, which is likely to apply widely to multiple ionization by almost all impact processes.
Microstructure and Properties of WC/diamond/Co-based Gradient Composite Coatings on High-speed Steel Fabricated by Laser Cladding
Authors: Liu Donggang , Liang Guoxing , Hao Xinhui , Huang Yonggui , Li Guang , Lv Zheng , Lv Ming , Al-Nehari Mohammed , Princewill Ojiako Tochukwu
Published: June 2021

Improving the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of high-speed steel (HSS), WC/diamond/Co-based gradient composite coatings were produced on HSS substrates by laser cladding with different compositions powder mixture (Co-Cr alloy powder, 80Co-Cr alloy powder+20WC, 53Co-Cr alloy powder+40WC+7diamond, wt.%). The macromorphology, microstructures and phase composition were characterized by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the gradient coatings were also investigated respectively. The results indicate that the prepared WC/diamond/Co-based gradient composite cladding layer has a fine morphology on the cross sections and a gradient transition of the grain size has been achieved. The microhardness result presents gradient distribution along the depth of the coating. The microhardness is strengthened due to the dispersions of M7C3 (M is Fe, Cr), Co3C, CrCo, Cr3C2, Fe3C in the composite coating, and the highest microhardness of 1342 HV0.2 can be detected in the cladding layer. The friction coefficient values of the coatings range from 0.27 to 0.40, which is much lower than that of the substrate (0.50-0.60). Furthermore, the wear loss of coatings decreases by more than 3 times comparing with that of the substrate (3.5 mg). The polarization resistance results show that the cladding layer has excellent corrosion resistance with polarization resistance can reach the value of 236488.1 Ω·cm2. The gradient transition of the mechanical properties and chemical metallurgical combination between particle (WC, diamond) and adhesive phase can be obtained in laser cladding, which improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the HSS surface.
Potential Clinical Utility of a Free-Breathing Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol at 3T
Authors: Wang Keyan , Zhang Wenbo , Li Shuman , Bi Xiaoming , Schmidt Michaela , An Jing , Zheng Jie , Cheng Jingliang
Published: June 2021

Background It is hard for patients with impaired breath-holding (BH) capacity to receive conventional cardiac magnetic resonance (CCMR) imaging. Purpose To explore the clinical utility of a free-breathing (FB) CMR (FCMR) imaging protocol at 3.0T. Methods 54 selected patients with suspected heart disease were prospectively enrolled. A total of 30 patients with good BH underwent CCMR protocols first and then FCMR imaging protocols. For other 24 patients with bad BH, CCMR protocols were aborted due to limited BH capacity of patients that led to non-diagnostic image quality (IQ), and the study was finished with FCMR protocols. CCMR included segmented cine and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images acquired under BH. FCMR included compressed sensing (CS) accelerated, single-shot cine and motion-corrected (MOCO) single-shot LGE images acquired under FB. IQ of both protocols was evaluated based on a five-point Likert scale. The imaging time, the left ventricular function(LVF), scar presence/absence, and IQ were compared between CCMR and FCMR protocols. Results The acquisition times of the FB-CS-cine SAX (25 ± 5s), FB-CS-cine LAX(8 ± 2s), and FB-MOCO-LGE SAX (120 ± 19s), FB-MOCO-LGE LAX(37 ± 6s) were significantly shorter than these with BH-cine SAX (240 ± 13s), BH-cine LAX (75 ± 16s) and BH-LGE SAX(331 ± 29s), BH-LGE LAX(100 ± 9s) respectively (all P<0.001). For 30 patients that finished both CCMR and FCMR protocols, it was shown that IQ in FB-CS-cine is lower than BH-cine [4 (3-4) vs. 5 (4-5) , P <0.001], however FB-MOCO-LGE is better than BH-LGE [5 (4-5) vs. 3 (3-4), P <0.001]. No significant differences were found in LVF, and LGE presence(all P>0.05). The 24 patients with limited BH capabilities had inconclusive results with the CCMR protocol, but definitive diagnoses were made with the FCMR protocol. Conclusions FCMR could be used as an alternative scanning protocol in patients with BH impairments, making CMR imaging more widely available also for vulnerable patients.
Second Malignant Neoplasms in Patients with Rhabdomyosarcoma: A US Population-Based Analysis
Authors: ZHEN HONGNAN , LIU ZHIKAI , GUAN HUI , MA JIABIN , WANG WENHUI , SHEN JING , MIAO ZHENG , ZHANG FUQUAN
Published: June 2021

Objective

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignant tumor. The main treatment modality is comprehensive with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. With the advancement in recent decades, patient survival has been prolonged, and long-term complications are attracting increasing attention among both physicians and patients. This study aimed to present the survival of patients with RMS and analyze the risk factors for the development of a second malignant neoplasm (SMN).
Methods

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program 18 registry database from 1973 to 2015 of the National Cancer Institute of the United States was used for the survival analyses, and the SEER 9 for the SMN analysis.
Results

The 5-, 10-, and 20-year overall survival rates of the patients with RMS were 45%, 43%, and 33%, respectively. The risk of SMN was significantly higher in patients with RMS compared to the general population (SIR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.44–2.57, p < 0.001). The risk of developing SMN was increased in multiple locations, including the bones and joint (SIR = 35.25) and soft tissues including the heart (SIR = 22.5), breasts (SIR = 2.10), male genital organs (SIR = 118.14), urinary system (SIR = 2.36), brain (SIR = 9.21), and brain and other nervous system organs (SIR = 8.59). The multivariate analysis indicated that RMS in the limbs and earlier diagnosis time were independent risk factors for the development of SMN. Patients with head and neck (OR = 0.546, 95% CI: 0.313–0.952, p = 0.033) and trunk RMS (OR = 0.322, 95% CI: 0.184–0.564. p < 0.001) and a later diagnosis time were less likely to develop SMN (OR = 0.496, 95% CI: 0.421–0.585, p < 0.001).
Conclusion

This study describes the risk factors associated with the development of SMN in patients with RMS, which is helpful for the personalized screening of high-risk patients with RMS.