bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cross-sectional Study on Coping Styles and Suicidal Intent among Young Adult Suicide Attempters at a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala, India
Authors: Madhavan Rajeev Kattuparackal , Mathew Rekha , Michael Jaimon Plathottathil , Karunakaran Aravind , Abraham Binu
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Suicide attempts in young adults have grown exponentially across the globe in the last three decades. Suicide is one of the most common cause of death among young adults worldwide. The studies on the coping styles influencing suicidal intent among young adult suicide attempters are few from the Indian context. Young adults are of utmost importance in any nation and interventions for suicide prevention have to be undertaken at different levels. Aim: To estimate the coping styles and suicidal intent among young adult suicide attempters and to assess the various coping styles associated with the suicidal intent. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which was carried out at the Suicide Prevention Clinic of the Department of Psychiatry at a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala, India over a period of one year from October 2015 to September 2016. The consecutive 160 young adult suicide attempters were interviewed. Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale was used to assess the severity of suicide attempts. The coping styles of the participants were assessed using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire-Revised (WCQ-R) Scale. Statistical significance of socio-demographic factors, suicidal intent and coping styles were assessed by Independent Student t-test and One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The correlation between the severity of suicidal intent and the coping styles were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of the participants were 21.75±2.69 years. The sample consisted of 72 (45%) males and 88 (55%) females. Out of the 160 participants, 50 (31.2%) had low suicidal intent, 71 (44.4%) had medium suicidal intent and 39 (24.4%) had high suicidal intent. The present study found that all the coping strategies except the escape avoidance and positive reappraisal are having significant association with the severity of suicidal intent with p<0.05. This study also found that seeking social support (r=-0.284, p<0.001), accepting responsibility (r=-0.344, p<0.001) and planned problem solving (r=-0.333, p<0.001) were coping styles which have a protective role in preventing suicidal behaviour by reducing the suicidal intent. Conclusion: This study had found significant correlation between the various coping styles and suicidal intent among the young adult suicide attempters in Kerala. The present study also found significant association between previous suicide attempt and co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis with the coping scores.
Knowledge and attitudes towards Australian wildlife rescue services
Authors: Barratt Vanessa , Medvecky Fabien
Published: January 2022

Australia’s 20,000+ wildlife volunteers rescue and rehabilitate native animals. They respond to hundreds of phone calls and enquiries every day, mostly from members of the public, seeking help and advice about injured, orphaned, nuisance or unusual wildlife sightings. The Black Summer bushfires significantly increased the profile of wildlife rescue services and led to more financial support than the sector has ever received before, though historically the sector has been underfunded and risks being so again.

Wildlife rescue service callers were surveyed and interviewed about their knowledge and views of wildlife rescue.

Users of wildlife rescue services appear to be interested in native animals, highly supportive of wildlife rescue services and willing to contribute to wildlife rescue with time and money. There were notable gaps in their knowledge about wildlife rescue services, such as how much government support occurs and whether wildlife carers are volunteers or employed.

Wildlife rescue services are highly valued by the people that use them. Perhaps paradoxically these users have low awareness of how these services are organised or funded.

The findings of this study suggest that wildlife rescue volunteers could access donations, new members and education opportunities by tapping in to public interest and concern for wildlife.
In-situ Dynamic Properties and Vs30 for Soil using Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Waves
Authors: Bhadauria Sudhir Singh , Singh Ashita , Joshi Ranjeet , Jain Ankit
Published: January 2022

In present research, Vs30 and dynamic properties of soil for ten identified sites in the campus of the Rajiv Gandhi Technological University located in Bhopal (India) are evaluated using MASW method. Shear wave velocity (Vs) profile using three steps procedure consisting of obtaining multichannel data record on field, dispersion curve analysis and inversion is generated. The properties of soil such as density, shear modulus and poison’s ratio are calculated using MASW. The poisson’s ratio, soil density and the shear modulus are observed to vary in the ranges of 0.41 to 0.27, 1.80 to 2.11 g/cc and 46 to 409 MPa respectively along depth of soil. The shear wave velocity across depth is varying between 160 to 407 m/s indicating change in soil type from mostly soft clay soil, stiff soil to a very dense soil and soft rock.
Radiological Features of COVID-19 Patients in Hodeidah, Yemen
Authors: Suhail Fahd Ahmed , Al Kamarany Mohammed Amood
Published: January 2022

Background: The radiological techniques namely chest radiography (chest X-ray) and computerized tomography (CT) scan play a major role not only in the early detection and diagnosis, especially for false negative Real Time-Polymerase Reaction (RT-PCR) tests and in admission criteria, monitoring the clinical course and the disease severity.

Objective: The study aimed to describe the radiological features of chest X-ray and CT scan in coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) patients, Hodeidah, Yemen.

Methodology: A descriptive study (a case series) included 49 patients with COVID-19 , confirmed by RT-PCR who were admitted in isolation department of COVID-19, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases (CTMID), AL Thawara Public Hospital Authority, Hodeidah, Yemen who underwent serial chest X-ray and CT scan, from 1st June to 31st December 2021. The cases reports of patients from 3 to 80 years old. Image features and their distribution were  analyzed and the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) for level of suspicion of COVID-19 infection was applied.

Results: The results showed that 21 /49 patients (42.86 %) of CO-RAD 4 and 28 /49 patients (57.14 %) of CO-RAD 5. The most patterns were 42/49 patients (85.71 %) of ground glass opacification (GGO), 40/49 patients (81.63%) of bilateral involvement , 41/49 patients (83.67 %) of multi-lobar involvement, 37/49 patients (75,51 %) of peripheral distribution , 15/49 patients (30.61 %) of consolidation pattern and 3/49 patients (6.12%) of crazy paving pattern. On the other hand , in the youngest patients less than 50 year,79 % had GGO, and 21 % had lung consolidations ,while in the patients over 50 year ,GGO were presented in 56 % and consolidations in 44 %. In addition, the lung involvement range of patients was from 40 to 95 % and the median was 60 %. The lung involvement was represented in the patients more than 50 year as 60 – 95 % while in the patients less than 50 years was represented as 40 – 55 %. The lung involvement of death patients was 85 to 95 % of non-chronic diseases and 60 to 70 % of comorbidity and coinfection.

Conclusion: The study concluded that different radiological patterns and features were reported in elderly patients with COVID-19 infection associated with risk factors (comorbidity and coinfection). The radiological techniques have good predictive values on severity and mortality. Also can support the clinicians staff in early detection, early triage, criteria admission, and effective management of COVID-19 infection.
Hierarchical Regression Modeling of Some Factors Affecting Weight of Child at Birth
Authors: C. Bartholomew Desmond , E. Biu Oyinebifun , O. Arimie Christopher
Published: January 2022

According to World Health Organization (WHO), normal weight of baby at term delivery is (2.5 – 4.2) kilograms. Every child’s birth weight below 2.5 kilograms, regardless of gestational age, is regarded as Low birth weight (LBW). WHO estimates that globally, over 20 million LBW babies are born annually and nearly 95.6% of them in developing countries. Half of all perinatal and 1/3rd of all infant deaths occur in babies with LBW. It is therefore, essential to study some of the factors that causes LBW. Hierarchical Multiple Regression analysis was used to study the effects of mother’s weight, age and height above and beyond mother’s education level in predicting the weight of the child at birth. The results showed that mother’s education level explains about 6.1% of the unexplained variations in the weight of the child at birth in block 1 and mother’s age, weight and height explained about 3.9% above and beyond mother’s education level. This implies that all the variables studied affects the baby’s weight at birth but, the mother’s educational level affects the baby’s weight much more. It was concluded that mother’s education level plays a vital role in predicting the weight of the child at birth because it has a causal effect on the use of prenatal care and improves marriage prospects.
An Inventory Analysis for Deteriorating Items Incorporating the Effect of Preservation Technology Investment When Demand is Time Dependent
Authors: Rahman M. A. , Rashid M. H.
Published: January 2022

The goal of this work is to characterize preservation technique for deteriorating items in order to lessen the rate of deterioration. This study looks at a degrading inventory model with time-dependent demand that is a quadratic function of time. The rate of degradation in this model is determined by deterministic deterioration, which is a quadratic function of time. The main objective is to determine the effect of preservation technology for deteriorating items where the demand function is time variable and analyze the significance of preservation technology. The major goal of this article is to look at the inventory model's minimum cost per unit time. With the help of a numerical example, the results are validated. The ideal solution is subjected to a sensitivity analysis with regard to several parameters. Finally, a graph depicts the behavior of the relationship between parameters and total inventory cost.
Comparative Analysis of the Molodensky and Kotsakis Ellipsoidal Heights Transformation between Geocentric and Non-Geocentric Datums Models
Authors: Eteje S. O. , Ugbelase V. N.
Published: January 2022

The non-availability of ellipsoidal heights of local geodetic Datums has made it necessary for the application of ellipsoidal heights transformation models to the available global ellipsoidal heights to obtain their respective theoretical heights in local Datums. It is required to know the accuracy, as well as reliability of any model of interest before its application. For that reason, this study comparatively analyses the Molodensky and Kotsakis models for the transformation of ellipsoidal heights between geocentric and non-geocentric Datums to determine the reliability of the Kotsakis model. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data of the used stations were processed in World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) datum to obtain their global geographic coordinates and ellipsoidal heights. The coordinates, ellipsoidal heights and the transformation parameters between WGS84 and Minna Datums were applied to the Molodensky and Kotsakis models to compute the Clarke 1880 theoretical heights of the stations. The Molodensky model was used as a reference to which the Kotsakis model ellipsoidal heights were compared to obtain the Kotsakis model ellipsoidal heights discrepancies, as well as residuals. The residuals were used to compute the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the Kotsakis model. The computed RMSE, as well as reliability of the model is 1.244 m. The study concluded that the low reliability, as well as accuracy of the Kotsakis model might be as a result of the two rotation datum shift parameters in it as they are the main differences between the two models.
Retinal Detachment Following Cataract Surgery
Authors: Pathak Pranav , Tidake Pravin
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The most frequently executed operating technique for cataract worldwide is the extraction of cataract. Development of pseudophakic retinal detachment (PPRD) following surgical extraction of cataract forms a major and growing quantity of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) cases. PPRD is one of the severe, vision-related event and hence there is a need to find out the correlation between PPRD and cataract removal surgeries.

Objectives: There is a different risk of developing PPRD with different methods of cataract extraction. Attempts are made to find the consequence of the new cataract surgery on the danger of retinal detachment and additional factors that modify this risk by collectively drawing the findings of clinical trials investigations in this review. Also, the comparison is made among different cataract surgeries for incidence of PPRD development.

Conclusion: PPRD is an uncommon but significant adverse consequence. According to more recent research, phacoemulsification has a comparable or higher success rate in centers that are experienced with the process. While the exact risk of PPRD related to phacoemulsification is becoming apparent, the specific risk of PPRD attributable to phacoemulsification remains unknown.

Limitations: Small population numbers restrict the available literature. The number of PPRDs that occur is minimal due to their rarity; hence just four of our 16 studies had more than 50 PPRDs. Patients with a past history of RRD were commonly omitted from the available research, and several studies had extremely short follow-up periods. Due to the methodological inconsistencies between the numerous studies evaluated there was restricted assessment of the literature, making direct comparisons more difficult.
Calculation of the Zone of Inhibition and Sensitivity Pattern of Fenugreek Seeds Extract and Negila sativa Seeds Extract on ESBL E. coli Growth Plates
Authors: Rehman Ata Ur , Khan Kiran , Pasha Ghazala Nasim , Sultana Ulfat , Sultana Tajwar , Nangreja Ruqaya
Published: January 2022

Background: The reason behind the poor outcomes in treating bacterial infections is mainly the limited treatment options. The strains of ESBL are generally resistant to broad-spectrum penicillin, monobactams, and third-generation cephalosporins. Literature is currently highlighting the efficacy of herbs against many resistant organisms. Hence, the study aims to identify the sensitivity pattern and zone of inhibition of Fenugreek seed extract and Nigella sativa Extract against ESBL E. Coli.

Methodology: The calculated sample size was n = 40. The ESBL E. coli growth plate samples were recruited from an associated lab which were identified by performing biochemical tests on appropriate media i.e. Mueller-Hinton agar was used.  Agar dilution methods were performed to examine the antibacterial effects of fenugreek seed extract (FGSE) and Nigella sativa seed extract (NGSE) against ESBL E. coli. wells of 8mm diameter were punched in the inoculated plates by using sterile cork borer, 100μl of different concentrations of Fenugreek seed extract (30, 40, 50, 60, and 80mg/ml) and Nigella sativa extract (30, 40, 50, 60, and 80mg/ml) were added to wells and the plates and the plates were incubated for 24 to 48 hours at 37°C. After 48 hours presence or absence of zones of inhibition were investigated.

Results: Total 40 samples were calculated for each concentration of the solution of extracts i.e. FGSE group and NGSE group. The effective concentration of FGSE was found to be 40mg/ml and for NGSE was found to be 60mg/ml that showed maximum. Both the extracts showed inhibition of growth of organism at different concentrations table 2 shows the zone of inhibition.

Conclusion: The Fenugreek seed extract at 40mg/ml and Nigella sativa seed extract at 60mg/ml have highest sensitivity and are effective in inhibiting the growth of ESBL E. coli on growth plates.
Meditations on Relieving Alcohol Addiction
Authors: Behere Suraj , Meshram Ajay
Published: January 2022

Although prenatal alcohol causes growth retardation, mood disorders, adverse outcomes, and congenital disabilities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are not well diagnosed. In the world of alcohol spectrum disorders, 0.77, in Europe and North America, a high increase of 2-5%, which highlights the need for increased diagnostics and treatment. However, the history of self-reported breastfeeding has been weakened by fidelity, the absence of physical symptoms, and disorders of the fetus alcohol spectrum—There are various diagnostic differences in the system and ways to slow progress in diagnosing and controlling the disease. Neuroimaging brain structure, cortical Development, White Matter microstructure, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders show abnormalities in functional connections in human beings. These approaches to disability development change as well as integration, high performance, memory, hearing, vision, behavior, ability to move. Promising trials of nutritional interventions and psychiatric medications continue with the goal of treatment. With 6,837 participants from the United States, the Netherlands, Italy, and Australia in 27 research projects, this book review evaluates the effectiveness of this process, which includes mindfulness, vipassana, and meditation. Meditation practitioners were able to reduce the reasons for drinking and get rid of alcohol cravings by strengthening awareness and self-control, which led to increased alcohol-related self-control, reduced stress, and eventually stopped drinking excessively. These results support the use of meditation in alcohol treatment programs. In addition, suggestions are being made to improve this strategy to effectively address alcohol abuse. -Meditation is a promising cure for alcoholism. This series of 16-week cases was designed to gather initial data on the effectiveness of meditation and evaluate the feasibility of research methods. Nineteen adults who relied on alcohol were enrolled in a hospital stay. Patients were randomized to either a standard course of chlordiazepoxide four times daily with additional medication as needed (fixed-schedule therapy) or to a treatment regimen that provided chlordiazepoxide only in response to the development of the signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal (symptom-triggered therapy). The need for administration of “as-needed” medication was determined using a validated measure of the severity of alcohol withdrawal.
Effect of COVID-19 on Mental Health of Health Workers
Authors: Vats Aarav , Muntode Pramita
Published: January 2022

Healthcare personnel have been put in an unusual scenario from the effect of COVID-19 epidemic, which had increased their psychological and mental health anguish. Anxiety, sadness, and stress among healthcare workers have been the subject of several studies. Increased psychological stress has been shown to have negative consequences for a person's physical health. Psychological pressures may increase the present health problems of the healthcare workers having pre-existing co morbidities. Frontline COVID-19 healthcare personnel are being pushed to their breaking points, leading to suicidal ideation. Furthermore, the stress of a having heavy workload and burnout may present itself in very serious ways in family relationships and a desire to leave their occupations. Future study should focus on the aforementioned negative consequences in order to aid in the development of mental healthcare approaches to manage COVID's psychologic impact on healthcare workers in an outbreak. for care  and sustain the psychological well-being of healthcare workers, it is necessary to employ techniques and policies.    

The COVID-19 has been shown to have a negative influence on the mental health of healthcare professionals  who work in disaster response. A large number of Health workers (PTSS) have been connected to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic stress symptoms. As risk and resilience factors, exposure level, job title, year of experience, social and work support, workplace organization, quarantine, ages, gender, marital status, and copying style were all found to be significant. These characteristics must be considered when developing effective intervention planning for HCWs facing with the current COVID-19 outbreak in order to improve their condition and limit the risk of unfavorable outcomes [1].

The objective of this article is to provide a brief review on the Effect of Covid-19 on mental health of health workers.
Review on Moderate to Severe Asthma in Primary Care
Authors: Algaows Faisal Suliman , Alanazi Abdulaziz Fahhad , Bamousa Gheed Khalid , Alatawi Areej Hassan , Ahmed Bassam Ghazi , Alshammari Khlood Awad , Albuhayri Hashim Mohammed , Abdullah A. Bahadi Omnia , Almalki Mohammed Saleh Safar , Alhusayni Hanouf Abdullah , Alsaeed Mohammed Ibrahim Saleh , Alrashdi Abdullah Suwaymil , Alotaibi Meshari Nada S , Alabbad Sajjad Ahmed Mohammed , Alanazi Osama Alsallum
Published: January 2022

Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath due to airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness. Severe asthma accounts for a considerable amount of asthma-related costs, although being less common than milder asthma.  According to a review of US studies, the expenses for people with severe asthma are roughly 1.7- to 5-fold higher than for people with mild asthma. A subspecialized severe asthma services provides the benefit of an organized, variety of approaches to validate the diagnosis, asthma severity and phenotype, and risk factors and comorbidities management. This multimodal approach frequently comprises a team of respiratory physicians, nurses, and support health specialists, such as physiotherapists, speech therapists, nutritionists, and clinical psychologists. In addition to evaluation and monitoring for common comorbidities, they provide physician review, lung function testing, blood tests, inhaler optimization, and general illness awareness. This review aims to overview approach to diagnosis and management of moderate to severe asthma in primary care settings.
Antibiotic Resistance in Clostridium Difficile: A Rapidly Evolving Threat
Authors: Singh Saumya , Mudey Gargi
Published: January 2022

The bacteria, Clostridium difficile the main pathogen associated with nosocomial infections is a gram positive, anaerobic and forms spores. The host and pathogen reaction results in a wide array of manifestation of the disease which ranges at one end as asymptomatic carriage to the other end as severe; toxic megacolon and thus making the treatment with antibiotic a challenge. To add upon the Clostridium difficile shows antibiotic resistance making its eradication almost impossible. This antibiotic resistance of Clostridium difficile has made it a global challenge over the decades, making it impossible for us to come to a conventional antibiotic to treat infections by Clostridium difficile. Several new strains of Clostridium difficile have emerged following the unscrupulous use of antimicrobial agents and subsequent transfer of resistance-causing genes between virulent strains the subsequent generations. The resistance to antibiotics is still rampant and not in control, rather it is on rise as the bacteria has greater access to new host due to its mobility and very infectious nature. With the use of extended antimicrobial therapy, an acute danger of creating and spreading new resistant and multi-drug resistant strains always looms. Clostridium difficile, during its life cycle, produces spores, which give the organism the capacity to resist extremes of change in the environment. In a country such as India, with a high population density and thus forming a high potential platform for the spread of multidrug-resistant strains of Clostridium difficile isusually addressed. An understanding of the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Clostridium difficile, the mechanisms by which the Clostridium difficile acquires it and sensitivity to antibiotics becomes very important. Therefore, we present a review of the antibiotic resistance seen in Clostridium difficile. RT027 has emerged as the most virulent strain all the strain of Clostridium difficile. Drug resistance is via multiple pathways, including erm, cfr, tet, and rpo B genes, as well as Gyr A and Gyr B. Of these, tet is transferable to non-resistant strains. Thus, indiscriminate use of antibiotics has created multiple antibiotic resistant strains of Clostridium difficile. Judicious and planned antibiotic treatment is advisable.
Epidemiology, Evaluation and Management of Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Salah , Alsharif Ali Ahmed , Alhofair Yazeed Ibrahim H. , Alhuraysi Abdulrahman Mohammed S. , Alabsi Mohamed Fouad , Kattan Ibrahim Ahmed , Alela Khalid Anwar A. Abo , Mujallid Mohammed Fawzi , Timraz Ferass Zeyad , Alhababi Zahra Ahmed , Alrashidi Tayil Mutiq , Althobaiti Hazem Khairan , Rajeh Malak Abdulrahman , Kadi Ahmed Sadaka , Mobarki Amal Ahmad
Published: January 2022

Antiphospholipid syndrome is defined as the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in the setting of thrombosis and/or pregnancy loss (APLS).Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune thromboinflammatory condition that affects individuals and their families in a negative and often fatal way. There are the two types of APS: Primary APS, which develops on its own, and secondary APS, which is linked to another autoimmune disorder, most often systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The HLA-DR7, DR4, DRw53, DQw7, and C4 null alleles have all been linked to APLS. APS is frequently misdiagnosed due to clinical diversity and a lack of diagnostic test consistency. The classification criteria were created to categorise APS patients for research reasons, but they can also be used by professionals to establish diagnoses. Unprovoked thrombosis is currently treated with long-term warfarin or another vitamin K antagonist drug. To avoid obstetric complications, low-dose aspirin and prophylactic heparin, primarily low-molecular-weight heparin, are utilised.In this article we’ll be looking at Anti-phospholipid Syndrome, it’s etiology, epidemiology, evaluation and management.
Relationship between Osteoarthritis and Endocrine Disease in KSA: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Balbaid Eman AbdulAziz , Salem Abdullah Talal , Alqahtani Sameer Mari , AlOraini Ziyad Abdulrhman , Alsaedi Ahmed Saeed , Alghamdi Mohammed Abdullah , Sabrah Tameem Abdullah , Almarwani Abdalaziz Awad , Alreshidi Ahmed jaza , Almarshoud Mohammed Saleh , Sahhari Abdulaziz Yahya , Alfawzan Abdulhamid Abdulrhman , Alqahtani Hanoof Mohammed , Alkinani Athba Mohammad , Alrumayan Fahad Abdulkarim
Published: January 2022

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common kind of arthritis, affects millions of people throughout the world. This problem occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears away over time. The goal of this study was to draw attention to the link between osteoarthritis and a number of endocrine illnesses in the Saudi population.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional research with the goal of shedding light on the link between osteoarthritis and endocrine problems. The research was conducted in Saudi Arabia at colleges, hospitals, and shopping centers. During the months of June to November 2021, data was collected from patients and the general public.

Results: The study included 743 participants. Among them, there were, 519 females (69.9%) and 224 males (30.1%). The most prevalent age group was 20-30 years (n= 354, 47.6%). Majority of study participants were Saudi (n= 713, 96%) and the rest were non-Saudi. The mean body mass index (BMI) among study participants was 29.47 + 7.53 with median BMI of 30 kg/m2. It was found that 85 participants took anti-inflammatory drugs for more than twice per week during the last three months (11.4%). It is noticed that the prevalence of autoimmune disease among study participants is low. However, female participants were higher in hypothyroid (P= 0.001).

Conclusion: Finally, it appears that weight, rather than IR, explains the relationship between endocrine disease and knee OA. Individuals with arthritic knee pain may benefit from endocrine disease therapy since the accumulation of endocrine disease components is connected to a higher degree of knee discomfort, independent of age, sex, or weight.
Risk Perception and Hesitancy of Dental Health Professionals towards COVID-19 Vaccine in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia-A Web-based Survey
Authors: Uppin Rabiya Basari , Alkhaldi Abdullah Maseer , Al-Shammri Tareq Matar , Alnafisah Fahad Ebrahim , Almutairi Nasser Nasser
Published: January 2022

Background: Vaccine hesitancy is a common phenomenon due to its unknown long term side effects. Data regarding the sam is scanty in the Saudi Arabia region hence the purpose of this study was to assess the safety concerns and reasons for vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among dental health professionals in Saudi Arabia. 

Materials and Methods: A total of 138 dental health professionals serving in a Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia were studied using an online-based structured, close-ended, and self-administered questionnaire developed by Paudel et al consisting of three sections: demographics, experiences, and willingness to get the vaccination, and perception of COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccine safety. It was a cross sectional study where convienence sampling technique was employed. The total perception score was calculated by adding respondents' agreement with a set of eleven items using a Likert-type scale. Non-parametric tests (Mann– Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis) were used for analysis (p<0.05).

Results: A total of18.1% of respondents were diagnosed COVID-19 positive beforethe study. Many (71.7%) considered themselves at increased risk of contracting COVID-19. More than half (55.6%) of the participants believed the increased risk is due to their job type. Nevertheless, a considerable proportion of dental health professionals (89.9%) were willing to be vaccinated. The most common reason for hesitancy was the government approval of the safe and effective vaccine. The nationality, marital status, and type of dental professionals showed a statistically significant difference in vaccine safety perception and effectiveness concerns (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The COVID-19 vaccination is well accepted by dental professionals in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. However, vaccine hesitancy is mainly related to the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine and government approval of the vaccine.
Effect of Neurodevelopmental Therapy on Functional Recovery in a Patient with Subacute Stroke: An Interesting Case Report
Authors: Thamke Maitri , Kovela Rakesh Krishna , Qureshi Mohammed Irshad , Dadgal Ragini , Timothy Rebecca , Samal Snehal
Published: January 2022

Stroke is defined as a clinical illness characterised by a sudden onset of cerebral impairment that lasts more than 24 hours or results in death with no obvious explanation other than a vascular origin.Every year, around 800,000 people have a stroke, or one every 40 seconds. Strokes are caused by difficulties with the brain's blood supply: either the blood supply is cut off or a blood artery within the brain bursts, killing brain tissue. A stroke is a medical emergency that requires immediate medical attention. Present case report is of a 39-year-old male with right side weakness. Patient’s right upper limb recovery stage was 1 going towards 2, and lower limb recovery stage was 2 going towards 3 on first day of assessment. Patient was treated with Neurodevelopmental therapy combined with conventional physiotherapy for a period of 8 weeks. Balance, Gait parameters and tone evaluated on day 1 and on last day of treatment. There was tremendous improvement in balance and gait parameters along with normalisation of tone. Thugs wee would like to conclude that early NDT along with conventional therapy can improve gross motor function in patients with subacute stroke.
Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Water, Rice, Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Divyashree J. , Tomar Sapna
Published: January 2022

Pesticides have played a major role in increasing agricultural output by pest control and eliminating insect driven illnesses. Kerala’s tragedy on endosulfan exposure made us to study pesticides in water, rice, fruits and vegetables from Thiruvananthapuram location. Rice (the main cereal consumed in Kerala), fruits, and vegetables, as well as water samples from wells and streams in the Thiruvananthapuram districts, were collected for analysis of residue levels in major food items consumed by people in Kerala. The research was carried out to measure the concentration of organochlorine, organophosphorus, and synthetic pyrethroid pesticides using gas chromatography. The water and food samples collected were analysed for pesticide residues and the quantities were estimated using GC-ECD/NPD. A standard mixture containing Pesticides (OCs, OPs, Pyrethroids, and carbamates) was run before the actual samples. The detection was used to estimate the residues of fifteen commonly used pesticides, namely organochlorine pesticides (endosulfan, dieldrin, aldrin, lindane, DDT), organophosphorus pesticides (chlorpyrifos, profenophos, quinalphos, dimethoate, phorate) and synthetic pyrethroid pesticides (cypermethrin, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, carbofuran).  The study concluded that food exposure to pesticides would result in unacceptable health hazards and awareness of pesticide residues in foodstuffs, as well as to quantify the possible health. Hence, necessary to maintain the survey of pesticide residues in all food commodities in order to safeguard the consumers.
A Systematic Review: Prevalence of C Shaped Configuration in Upper-maxilaryand Lower-mandibular First Premolar
Authors: Buraik Nadia , Alnafjan Abdulaziz Abdullah , Almana Fahad Khalid , Najjar Amani Essam , Alrubayqi Abdulelah Mesfer , Alkhamis Roqiah Zaki , Alotaibi Amirah Abdulaziz , Aldosari Mohammed Thafar , Alturaif Dalal Jumah , Alanazi Laila Mohammad , Elmarakby Ahmed M. , Sultana Fatima
Published: January 2022

In most cases, the C-shaped pattern is found in mandibular second molars. Additionally, C-shaped canals can also occur in mandibular premolars, maxillary molars, and mandibular third molars. It poses challenges like debridement, obturation, and possibly the outcome of root canal treatment. The purpose of this study is to make a systematic review of studies related to the prevalence and morphology of C shaped canals in premolar teeth. Using pre-designed forms, data were extracted from online databases such as Medline and PubMed Central. We extracted citations and characteristics of studies, such as names of authors, date of publication, country, title, definition of C shaped canal configuration, and classification of C shaped canal configuration in upper and lower first premolars. Even though they are rare, mandibular premolars are also known to have C-shaped canal systems. Approximately 10-18% of mandibular first premolars have C-shaped canals, according to studies. Treatment is more challenging for patients with C-shaped canals. The frequency of C-shaped configurations in premolar teeth is likely to be affected by regional characteristics and gender of the population. Having these factors in mind before surgery allows dentists to better plan, coordinate, and perform complex morphologies.
A Brief Study about Proteins: Organic Molecules in Biological Systems
Authors: Chauhan Aayush , Sawal Anupama
Published: January 2022

In addition to becoming increasingly common as the population becomes older, nutritional therapies that promote health and independence later in life are becoming more significant as a consequence. When people age, their physical size and strength may be maintained, which may contribute in the fulfilment of this goal to a certain degree, but not completely. Following the findings of new research, people may benefit from increasing the frequency with which they eat protein in their diet. According to the results, existing protein intake guidelines may be insufficient to help people in attaining their goals in this area. It is vital to identify alternate, more ecologically friendly sources of protein to replace animal protein since animal protein production has a detrimental impact on the environment. The impact of plant-based protein-rich diets, which should be followed by individuals at risk of malnutrition, on appetite in older persons is still up in the air at this point. But according to the findings of the study, they do. Protein is an excellent source of energy since it has been shown in tests to be more satiating than other equivalent macronutrients. It is also a good source of protein. According to the researchers, they are investigating the protein needs of an ageing population [those over the age of 40], as well as sustainable protein sources, the appetite-related implications of a plant-based diet, and future research aims. The findings will be published in the journal Nutrition soon after they are made public, according to the publication schedule.
Predominance of Inadequate Extent of Vitamin D Amid COVID 19 Patients and Related Threat in India
Authors: Goradwar Vaishnavi Uttam , Rawekar Alka
Published: January 2022

In 21 st century the COVID-19 pandemic is a serious global health threat. There is no substantiate therapy alternatives accessible hence both the advanced and emerging nations are struggling the load equitably. Contemporary studies indicate the creditability of treatment of Vitamin D also protrusion for COVID-19, in ambience having insufficiency more predominant. Although estimation of Vitamin D isn’t conventional in India, the current analysis aims over the extent of Vitamin D amid coronavirus infection sufferers .

 Extent of Vitamin D perhaps appraised in order to diagnose COVID-19 sufferers also assist to alter therapy concordat, relevant pre-emptive  intercession of Vitamin D can change seriousness also course course of COVID-19.2Vitamin D inadequacy is more predominance amid COVID-19 patients. Its vital function in COVID-19 sufferers are not obliged to be disesteemed and Vitamin D supplementation  amid sufferers can put a stop to exacerbating seriousness of ailment.

Predominance of insufficiency Vitamin D amid COVID-19 sufferers also to arbitrate in case an inadequate extent of Vitamin D is notable threat to COVID-19 has been employed by this cross-sectional study.

Contemporary medicinal cases too revealed appurtenance Vitamin D could lessen the occurrence of short term pulmonary affliction also seriousness of pulmonary tract ailments in grown-up kids. In accordance with thesis exploration , there aren’t alike discovery of medicinal case that has released by 1/7/20, respecting appurtenance of Vitamin D in capability of anticipation ,therapy of coronavirus infection. Over the appraisal , it is sum up that crucial and capable function of Vitamin D metabolic function out of kidney in anticipation also therapy of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, assisting to usher moderately nearer to executing that aim. The focusing points present over are: Vitamin D :may serve a role in forbidding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 affliction, evaluation of nephritic, metabolic processes outside kidney(extra nephritic) also synchronization, evaluation bimolecular procedure also multidimensional purposes afar skeletal stability, evaluation of confined modification of the immune response in human contagious ailments.
Physically consistent metrics with independent parameters instead of standard metrics with unphysical consequences. 1. Charged sources
Authors:   Centre for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Zakir Zahid
Published: January 2022

The metric around a ball with a surface charge, obtained from the Einstein-Maxwell equations, has three independent parameters – the charge, surface radius and the ball’s gravitational radius, equal to the gravitational radius of the matter. The electric field energy there is only outside the ball and contributes to the metric with the same sign as matter. Therefore, an increase in charge enhances the effects of gravity, increasing the radii of orbits and shadows, redshifts and deflection angles. At the collapse, in the rest frame of the center, the surface freezes above the ball’s gravitational radius, and the inner layers freeze above the gravitational radius of the matter inside them, i.e. the collapsed ball becomes not a black hole, but a frozar, an object with a gravitationally frozen structure. The frozar’s metric follows from the ball’s metric as its surface tends to the gravitational radius and thus contains two parameters instead of three. The frozar’s charge is located over the gravitational radius and its total mass, as for the ball, is finite. Observable consequences of the frozar metric are the same as for the ball. On the contrary, in the black hole theory, the Reissner-Nordström metric contains the total mass at infinity, which depends on the charge and diverges, since it includes the energy of the electric field diverging for a point charge. To ignore this divergence, the total mass was renormalized and replaced with the “observable” mass. Then, already by mistake, the dependence of the total mass on charge was missed. The result of this double disregard was a number of unphysical consequences, inverse to the case of the ball, which complicated the physical picture. It was argued that there are two horizons and the increase in charge weakens the gravity by decreasing the gravitational radius and observable effects of gravity, such as redshifts, radii of orbits and shadows, i.e. it was seriously stated that the positive energy of the electric field antigravitates, which is physically absurd.
Mechanically Guided Hierarchical Assembly of 3D Mesostructures
Authors: Zhao Hangbo , Cheng Xu , Wu Changsheng , Liu Tzu‐Li , Zhao Qinai , Li Shuo , Ni Xinchen , Yao Shenglian , Han Mengdi , Huang Yonggang , Zhang Yihui , Rogers John A.
Published: January 2022

3D, hierarchical micro/nanostructures formed with advanced functional materials are of growing interest due to their broad potential utility in electronics, robotics, battery technology, and biomedical engineering. Among various strategies in 3D micro/nanofabrication, a set of methods based on compressive buckling offers wide‐ranging material compatibility, fabrication scalability, and precise process control. Previously reports on this type of approach rely on a single, planar prestretched elastomeric platform to transform thin‐film precursors with 2D layouts into 3D architectures. The simple planar configuration of bonding sites between these precursors and their assembly substrates prevents the realization of certain types of complex 3D geometries. In this paper, a set of hierarchical assembly concepts is reported that leverage multiple layers of prestretched elastomeric substrates to induce not only compressive buckling of 2D precursors bonded to them but also of themselves, thereby creating 3D mesostructures mounted at multiple levels of 3D frameworks with complex, elaborate configurations. Control over strains used in these processes provides reversible access to multiple different 3D layouts in a given structure. Examples to demonstrate these ideas through both experimental and computational results span vertically aligned helices to closed 3D cages, selected for their relevance to 3D conformal bio‐interfaces and multifunctional microsystems.
Graphene‐Based Bacterial Filtration via Electrostatic Adsorption
Authors: Ahmed Rameez , Vaishampayan Ankita , Achazi Katharina , Grohmann Elisabeth , Haag Rainer , Wagner Olaf
Published: January 2022

Flexible graphene oxide (GO) microsheets with attached positively charged polymers, termed GOX microsheets, are efficient at bacterial adsorption, as they bind electrostatically to bacterial membranes’ negative surface charge. The authors explore an antimicrobial water filter application for GOX's extremely high surface area and its previously described efficient bacterial adsorption.Cellulose‐fiber carrier material is functionalized with GOX microsheets to create an adsorption‐based bacteria filtration material. The morphology and charge density (7.8 × 1019 g–1) of the prepared GOX fibers are determined by scanning electron microscopy and dye adsorption assay, and widefield fluorescence microscopy is used to visualize the adsorption of stained Escherichia coli bacterial cells on the fibers. GOX fibers are tested in filtration setups to investigate their bacteria removal performance. The experimental results, with 100 mg of GOX fibers filtering 2.4 × 109 colony‐forming units (CFU) from an E. coli bacterial culture with 99.5% bacterial reduction, demonstrate the fibers’ high bacteria loading capacity. The electrostatic adsorption‐based filtration mechanism allows the filter to be operated at higher flow rates than micropore membrane filters, while maintaining 3‐log bacterial reduction. GOX filter materials removing bacteria via adsorption are a high flow rate alternative to current water filtration processes that rely on size‐exclusion.
Facile Surface Engineering of Composite Electron Transport Layer for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor Exceeding 81%
Authors: Zong Beibei , Deng Jianguo , Sun Qing , Zhang Zizhao , Meng Xiangxin , Shen Bo , Kang Bonan , Silva S. Ravi P. , Lu Geyu
Published: January 2022

After perovskite became a star material, research on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) became a hot topic and developed rapidly. Electron transport layers (ETLs) with high mobility, low‐defect state, and suitable energy level arrangement dominate the development of planar heterojunction PSCs. In this work, the K+ and Cs+ doped composite SnO2 ETL (x mg KC‐SnO2) by a continuous spin‐coating of the x mg Cs+@KOH and SnO2 aqueous solution shows a substantial improvement in carries extraction, transport and collection properties, leading to the increased fill factor (FF) from 72.48% to 81.00% of the planar heterojunction PSCs, and finally the champion device average efficiency is 21.62%. Moreover, this work improves the interface contacts between ETL/Perovskite, as it reduces energy disorder and simultaneously promotes electron transport, charge extraction at the interface, improve energy level alignment and quasi‐Fermi level splitting, and decreased resistance for charge transfer in the device. In conclusion, this simple and effective method of improving the FF value provides a certain shortcut to the performance of plane heterogeneous perovskite devices.