bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An International Comparative Study of Student’s Attitude towards Science in Four Asian Countries
Authors: Ku Ibrahim Ku Faridah , Kharuddin Azrul Fazwan , Mustafa Zaida , Azid Norazura , Kharuddin Darvinatasya
Published: June 2022

A lot of research has been completed throughout the entire existence of science education to disclosure the angles that support students’ performance. Midst these impressions, science student attitude has been unfailingly contemplated. The main objective of this study is in parcel admonished to enlighten why Singaporean and Chinese students seem to do so well in these worldwide comparison while Malaysian and Thailand students have been put at either flank of the normal imprint. The study means to look at the attitudes of 14 years of age students towards science. The data information for this investigation was gathered in TIMSS 2015. Significant contrasts in the perspectives of the four chose associates of Singaporean, Chinese, Malaysian and Thailand students towards science have been underlined. An increasingly gritty glance at the outcomes uncovered various positive and negative contentions for approach authors and science teachers in selected countries to be considered
Assessing from the Perspective of Students amidst Covid-19: Do the Online Tuition Classes Provide ‘Equal Understanding’ As to Physical Tuition Classes?
Authors: Shaya Vivi Nabilah , Haji Shahlehi Syahnur Farhana , Kawi Farahiyah , Ismail Kamariah
Published: June 2022

Tuition is considered as a significant factor aiding to a formal education. In the light of the advancement in technology and due to the outbreak of Covid-19, the typical physical tuition class is now transitioning into online tuition class. This change has brought out different opinion especially on the question of ‘Do the online tuition classes provide 'equal understanding' as to the physical tuition classes?’ in which will be addressed in this research. The aim of this research is to assess whether or not online tuition classes provide equal understanding in terms of understanding the materials taught as to physical online classes from the perspective of students.
A survey consisting of dichotomous and open ended questions are directed to 20 students of Year 6, 8 and 11 from three different tuition schools in Brunei Darussalam. It has been found out that even though students prefer to have physical tuition classes with their teachers to maximize the learning involvement, these students have also acknowledged that they still can actually understand the materials taught via online tuition class equally the same as materials taught in the physical class. The future studies are recommended to increase the number of research participants and to conduct proper interview sessions with them to obtain more in depth views on
this research area.
Women Entrepreneurship Challenges in Ekiti State Southwest Nigeria: Way Forward
Authors: Onileowo  , Teniola Temitope
Published: June 2022

The development of entrepreneurship in recent times has aroused the interest of women
entrepreneurs to be imaginative and revolutionary. The study investigates the challenges
confronting women entrepreneurs in Ekiti State Southwest Nigeria, thus common in most
developing countries. The research establishes whether, in a male-dominated society, lack of education and business visibility is an obstacle that hinders women’s success, and are discriminated against. The findings reveal that family pressures, unexposed markets, lack of education, impede the success of women entrepreneurs, and in a male-dominated society, they are unjustly discriminated towards. The study suggests that governments of developing nations should provide financial assistance and mentoring services to women entrepreneurs to enhance their economic activities and performance, hence strengthen their access to finance and enable them to achieve entry into international markets. The research relied on secondary data obtained from literary analysis; which included articles, journals, online sources, and dissertations on women entrepreneurs.
Transnationell vithet - Svenska migrantkvinnor i USA och Singapore
Authors: Lundström Catrin
Published: June 2022

This article examines different expressions of gender and whiteness in a transnational context through first-generation Swedish migrant women’s narratives of bodies and cultural identities, when moving and re-installing themselves in the altered social, racial and political landscapes of the United States and Singapore. Their specific migratory experiences are used as a departure to analyze the ways in which gender- and nation-specific forms of capital may be converted through migration. The central inquiries in the article are concerned with how Swedish women experience their bodies, as migrant bodies, and how embodied privileges move and are being re-invested in two racially different contexts. The study, conducted from 2006– 2009, is based on in-depth interviews, focus group discussions with almost 50 women in the western part of the United States and Singapore, all of them being members of a support group for Swedish-speaking women, and three of their spouses. In addition, I have conducted participant observations in several Swedish-related arenas in the two countries. It is argued that white privileges often remain normalized and invisible for the informants themselves, but while Swedish femininity is highly valued in the United States, it is represented as a non-normative whiteness in the Singaporean context. Thus, by looking at how Swedishness is being re-installed in non-Swedish contexts, the article contextualizes migrating Swedishness and whiteness and contributes with a transnational perspective on whiteness, which carries a potential to destabilize an idea of whiteness as a homogeneous entity.
Kvinnor, vithet, och de andras litteratur
Authors: Lundahl Mikela
Published: June 2022

In her essay “Can the Subaltern Speak?” – originally published in Cary Nelson and Lawrence Grossberg’s Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (1988), Gayatri Spivak puts the colonial logic in words through the formulation “White men are saving brown women from brown men”. She claims further that nowadays it is not only men who are engaged in this business. In this article I read the reception and paratexts of African literature in Swedish translation, more specifically: how are female African authors and their works discussed in a Swedish context, and how do colonial patterns (such as the one Spivak has formulated) structure the discourses about these literatures? And how can one understand these discourses from an intersectional perspective, with sexuality and whiteness as the main intersections?
"Framåt gubbar" - Genus och militär praktik i ett internationellt insatsförbund
Authors: Persson Alma
Published: June 2022

Resolution 1325, ratified by the United Nations in 2000, calls for increased gender awareness as well as an increase in the number of women officers in international peacekeeping operations. This article explores gender relations and military practice in a Swedish military unit bound for such an operation. The article is based on an ethnographic study and draws on feminist theories of organization. The purpose is to discuss ordering practices in a military unit, and the gender patterns they create. I show that Resolution 1325 reshapes gender distinctions in the military. Three sets of ordering practices are analyzed. I show that the practice of taken for granted masculinity tends to make women invisible and reinforce a masculine soldier norm. Furthermore, the practice of stereotyping reinforces perceived gender differences. The practice of the gendered resource constructs women officers as complementary to their male peers, and is related to the specific tasks women are assigned as a result of Resolution 1325. In conclusion, I state that the resolution is a source of new gender distinctions in the military practice. First, a women’s niche is emerging and thus a new gender division of labor is constructed as a result of the resolution. Second, the members of the studied unit tend to create a distinction between men, that is, between the Swedish soldiers in the unit and the local men “down there”. Third, I show that the issue of gender equality in the unit is dislocated as a result of Resolution 1325. The issue of “international gender equality” tends to marginalize questions concerning gender relations in the Armed Forces. When 1325 is interpreted at the unit, it boils down to a handful of positions where women are required – for the sake of the operation.
Självbiografi, autofiktion, testimony, life writing
Authors: Larsson Lisbeth
Published: June 2022

Working on autobiography in the last decades has been to be in a constant turmoil of changing definitions. This article is an autobiographical description of the theoretical development within the field with a focus on women’s autobiographies. It starts with the feministic privileging of the autobiographical genre in the 70’s, following the keyword ”experience” and its changing status. Celebrated during the 70’s it lost its relevance in the linguistic turn during the 80’s when language was defined as solidly patriarchal in feminist theory and of no use to women in telling their experiences. In the beginning of the twenty-first century the concept however returned in the theorizing of testimonies, which became a new term for autobiography, often used about non-literary texts written by marginalized groups. Another line in the article is the changing terms for autobiographical texts, from autobiography to autofiction, testimony and life-writing, and the discussion of the theoretical assumptions implicated in these changes. One of the consequences of the split between language and life, opened up by deconstructive theory in the 80’s, was a redefinition of the autobiographical genre from factual to fictional. In the 90’s a new kind of autobiographical text, mixing fact and fiction and defined as autofiction, took form. What in the 80’s seemed to be the death of a genre turned into a proliferation and the term life-writing has become the overarching term for a lot of different autobiographical texts during the last decades. A returning problem in this history of a constantly growing text and research field is however the lacking authorizing of women’s life narratives in their multitude, specificities and differences. The article sums up by defining life-writing as relational texts and dependent on a respectful and sympathetic reading.
Inte en babe - Affekt, känsla och sexualitet i World of Warcaft
Authors: Sundén Jenny
Published: June 2022

Feminist game studies scholars are still few and far between, and little has been done in the intersection of queer theory and games. Informed by feminist discussions of affect, and of emotion, this article uses an ethnographic study of queer potentials in the MMOG (Massively Multiplayer Online Game) World of Warcraft as its core example. The article develops an understanding of online gaming by investigating embodied experiences, affective investments and circulations within game spaces. Ultimately, it asks what an online game like World of Warcraft puts in motion, and what consequences such stirring may have for ways of thinking – and feeling – games, critically, yet sensitively. How do emotions circulate in and through games? How do corporeal desires and belongings map onto games? Could certain game spaces or moments of play be termed ‘queer’?
Med popkultur i kroppen - Benny Nemerofsky Ramsays videoverk från tidigt 2000-tal
Authors: Steorn Patrik
Published: June 2022

Artists who use experiences from a life outside the heterosexual norm as inspiration have attracted increasingly more attention in contemporary art during the last decade. The author suggests that one feature they have in common is the strategy to make themselves into artistic material, by means not only of their own bodies but also of the self-perceptions. They also use explicit references to the impact of pop-culture in cultural stagings of normative and non-normative notions of identities, feelings and desires. Canadian video and performance artist Benny Nemerofsky Ramsay combines both these features in his production. Works from the earlier part of the 2000s as well as interviews with the artist from mainstream media, form the primary base of this article that aims to analyze how emotions and body are used as artistic material in the work of an artist who is outside the heterosexual norm, but right in the mainstream of popular culture. In the light of theories on contemporary consumer culture, the role of the subject and of the body in contemporary art as well as popular culture as arena for self-fashioning activities, particularly two works are analyzed: I am a Boy Band (2002), and Lyric (2004). The self-perception of a gay man is used as artistic material in the work of Nemerofsky Ramsay. His childhood activities of singing in a choir and taking ballet classes are linked together with his artist’s role in his adult work. With references to traditions of “camp” and lesbian and gay performance art he uses his own body in the form of flamboyant gestures and emotional facial expressions, to stage how queer appropriating and incorporation of the surrounding culture is filled with both passion and disgust and also how these practices can point to positionalities beyond the dichotomy of depth and surface.
Vad är problemet? - Konstruktioner av jämställdhet i svensk politik
Authors: Rönnblom Malin
Published: June 2022

Swedish national policy, and how these constructions could be understood in terms of neo-liberal forms of governmentality. Thus, gender equality is regarded as an empty signifier in contrast to the everyday use of the concept where gender equality often is presented as a self-evident political goal. In today’s society the ideal of the market has become the ideal of the public, and new public management is regarded as the indisputable way of organising the public – a process that also brings with it processes of de-politicisation of politics. By analysing national policy documents that address the doing of gender equality, including gender mainstreaming, the article aims to show what happens with gender equality in this neo-liberal context – including its political consequences. The analysis includes both how gender equality is defined in overall policy goals and in hands-on documents. The main results show that gender equality is transformed into administration and into different forms of administrative techniques. Prominent forms of governing include different forms of auditing, through checklists, evaluations and methodological tools for change. In addition it is also possible to discern a gap between how the problem of gender equality is represented in overall policy goals and the representations when the policy is to be implemented. Problem representations related to issues of gendered power relations are transformed into problem representations that fit the rule of auditing.
Det motsägelsefulla arbetet med jämställdhetsintegrering
Authors: Callerstig Anne-Charlotte , Lindholm Kristina
Published: June 2022

This article discusses how the actors involved with integrating a gender perspective into mainstream organizational processes have to deal with many difficult-to-solve questions or dilemmas in their everyday work. The strategies used to implement gender mainstreaming rests on various and often contradictory understandings of gender, gender equality and change strategies. The article draws on two case studies in public organizations working with gender mainstreaming where qualitative interviews and reflection- and analysis- and reflection seminars have been conducted with actors involved in the project. The main aim of the article is to discuss an interactive research approach as a way to reflect on various understandings and underlying assumptions that different change strategies are based on. Theoretically the paper uses Michael Billig’s concept of ideological dilemmas as well as theories on gender equality, organizational change and interactive research. A central argument is that contradictions can be problematic if they are ignored but fruitful if used as a starting point for discussions about how future change strategies can be formed. Julia Nentwich’s notion of “playing around” is discussed as a way to reflect and develop strategies based on the specific dilemmas found in the cases studies. Different phases in the interactive approach is described and discussed; the problem orientation phase, the examination phase and the analysis- and reflection phase.
Vinn deras hjärtan! - Om genus och emotioner i Tv-serien klass 9A
Authors: Skåreus Eva
Published: June 2022

This article investigates the mediation of teachers in a reality-TV program, how gender, femininity, masculinity and emotions interact in a school fiction. The reality-TV program, Klass 9A, consisting of 13 episodes, was broadcasted in Swedish television during spring 2008. In the program, viewers could follow a high school class during the fall semester 2007. The class teachers were replaced by “eight of Sweden’s foremost educators” (the TV-producer´s words) to help the pupils improve their scores from low level to the third best class in the country during that semester. In that sense this was a Makeover-television and in analyzing the teachers, they are treated as constructions of the producers. Theoretically and methodologically Sara Ahmed’s concept of emotions are used – what emotions do between people, giving and constructing attributes. Three teachers, two men and one woman, are exemplifying the analysis. The (male) math teacher’s pedagogical strategy is love, an approach he both articulate and perform. Love as a teaching method appears as an exercise of power, a patriarchal and biblically informed performance and a powerful discipline tool. In the sport subject, the (male) teacher act to a high degree as a coach, engaging in a democratic sport leadership. He is doing it with empathy, in a way feminine, but without loosing his masculinity, secured by his traditionally male subject sport. The female teacher (Swedish language) is doing masculinity, disembodied by how the producers represent her, but is embodied in the end of the semester, by being represented as sentimental and caring when it comes to the final test. In that sense she is castrated, made less powerful and brought back to the conception of female teachers as carrying. The program supports the conception of missing male teachers in school and a longing for old time discipline.
Intersektionalitet för klimatsolidaritet - Om klimatdiskussionen i Bolivia och vikten av analytisk komplexitet
Authors: Kaijser Anna
Published: June 2022

Climate change illustrates the entanglement of “society” and “nature”, and the problems associated with this binary division. For humans, climate change plays out on a social arena. In light of climate change, pre-existing power structures based on categorizations such as gender, class and ethnicity may be reinforced or challenged. I argue that intersectionality, developed within feminist theory, is a useful tool for analyzing the power dynamics of climate change. Feminist research on climate change is still small, and an intersectional perspective has not been applied to the topic to any significant extent. The intersectional framework that I propose is constructivist; even though social categories are highly relevant in their specific contexts, they are subject to constant reconstruction and negotiation, and thereby inherently fluid. This stance enables identifying social categorizations as crucial for how people relate to climate change, comprehending how climate change may (re) construct social categorizations and power dynamics, and finding motivation for engagement and solidarity beyond identity politics. To illustrate how an intersectional perspective is useful in this regard, I present the example of Bolivia. Bolivia is an interesting case because of its recent political development, in which a left-wing assembly of indigenous movements and workers’ unions has reached government power, and because of the vivid debate on climate change within the country. The government has promoted a radical discourse in international climate negotiations, but in turn been criticized by their own supporters for not living up to their high moral standards domestically. In these debates, climate and environment issues have been framed mainly in relation to the categories of ethnicity and class, while for instance gender has until recently remained quite invisible. Climate change and environment debates have thus become a stage for construction and negotiation of social categories in Bolivia. In my article, I provide an analysis of this situation, based on an intersectional understanding.
Män pratar miljö - Diskursiva maskuliniteter i mäns samtal om klimatförändringar och miljövänliga resor
Authors: Dahl Emmy
Published: June 2022

The fact that actions such as driving, shopping and travelling contribute to climate change is something that individuals may regard in various ways. Research indicates that the concern and willingness of individuals to change their everyday life in order to reduce their impact on the climate might be gendered. Men in Sweden appear to be less worried and in addition travel in a less environmentally-friendly way than women. This article investigates linkages between masculinities, femininities and individuals’ views on climate change by analyzing focus group conversations with men. The ways that these men made use of, reproduced or challenged discourses of masculinities, when positioning themselves in relation to climate change and sustainable travel, were scrutinized. Three diverse discursive practices were found, each one enabling various ways of positioning regarding the individual’s responsibility for travelling sustainably. A discourse about men’s affection for cars was used as well as challenged by the men talking about sustainable travel. Some men used the discourse in order to justify unsustainable travelling. Other men used it to position themselves as different kinds of men. Furthermore, ecofeminist discourses about women as having a “closer” relation to the environment or nature as feminine were not recreated during the conversations. The article contributes to a deeper understanding of men’s reasoning on climate change and sustainable travel. It thus challenges narrow assumptions of men as environmental rouges and masculinity as problematic in relation to environmental issues.
Ur led är feminismens tid
Authors: Lindén Claudia
Published: June 2022

The intention of this article is to follow Elizabeth Grosz’ invitation to explore some of the ways that time constructions and time metaphors attain significance in contemporary feminist theory. Each history includes and produces different temporal structures. How these temporal structures work, the value ascribed to them, and their implications for feminist historiography, is discussed by looking at various examples of writing contemporary feminist history. How is the recent history between the 1970’s and the present of Swedish feminist theory portrayed? Using Claire Hemmings’ historiography of Anglo-American contemporary feminist theory, the article traces similar patterns in the way the development of Swedish feminism is described. The article shows that the common way to write the history of feminist theory in terms of breaks and turning points are deeply problematic. Basically these metaphors rest on a conception of time as serial and hierarchical. That the time is “out of joint” is a prerequisite for feminist work. Feminist theorization must be untimely in Nietzsche’s sense. The later part of the article shows how concepts like untimeliness, anachronism and Derrida’s concept of “hauntology”, along with contemporary queer theoretical research on the literary Gothic, offer alternative constructions of time, which might make it possible to see feminist pioneers, not as specters either to be revenged or silenced, but as ghosts, as un-deads in a positive sense.
Trots allt
Authors: Karlsson Rixon Annica
Published: June 2022

The article is based on a commitment and a desire to, in various ways, activistic, artististic and scientific, engage in political and social change that reach across and between borders. And, at the same time, try to understand something more about how boundaries are made and transformed. The format for the article is a dialogue between Annica Karlsson Rixon, artistic researcher with a focus on photography and gender studies, and Lena Martinsson, researcher in gender studies and ethnology. They are both involved in transnational projects, Karlsson Rixon in Russia and Martinsson in Pakistan. The state of normative positions at the time of the postcolonial critique stands as the starting point for the conversation. This critique has problematized Eurocentrism and the self-image and subjectivity of the Western researcher. Being an ethnographer and a photographer the postcolonial discourse is essential for further processes of knowledge. Yet, there is a conviction that its critique also points to the importance to continue working transnationally – in spite of all. In the article positions of defiance as well as issues of multiple translations are challenged through discussions on photography, cameras, looking, writing, motif, queer, Women’s Rights and community, or standing ”near by”. Of particular importance is the filmmaker and theorist Trinh T. Minh-ha, who writes about translations, but also exceeds the boundaries between academic and literary writing, and between filmmaking and theory. The many disruptions that follow conversation as a method dismantle linear arguments, which also reveals something about the conditions of the traditional form of knowledge production.
Processen med Fröken Julie. En studie i performativitet och genusmedveten gestaltning
Authors: Hagström-Ståhl Kristina
Published: June 2022

In my article, I attempt to theorize my own process of staging August Strindberg’s classical drama, Miss Julie, at Scenkonst Sörmland, one of Sweden’s regional theatres, in 2012. My assignment was to stage the play with a critical gender perspective, but without in any way deconstructing the text, altering the plot or recasting the characters. In describing my directorial strategies, which consisted mainly in finding ways to frame the play, developing the notion of character, and generating an awareness in the cast of performative bodily practices, I attempt to adopt a combined analytical and creative perspective on the play and on my own practice. Attempting to outline a possible methodology for artistic research in performance, I situate my own creative process in the context of well-established feminist theories of performativity and theatrical practice, and describe my creative choices in dialogue with the theoretical ideas that inform those choices.
Sårbarhetens politik. Femmefigurativa fragment till en nation av feminister
Authors: Dahl Ulrika
Published: June 2022

Jag hade tilldelats ett ärevördigt uppdrag: att tala på den nationella genuskonferensen i Göteborg i november 2012, i den delen av programmet som var öppet för allmänheten. Förberedelserna präglades alls inte av den känsla av stolthet och betydelse som en kanske tänker sig att en sådan inbjudan bör generera. Den växande oron över det omöjliga i uppdraget att tala till ”alla” och kring den gamla knäckfrågan ”aktivism och akademi” innehöll alls inga löften om misslyckandets queera konstform som exempelvis Judith Halberstam lovordat, och den avfärdades dessutom av en omtänksam omgivning som unisont verkade övertygad om att det skulle gå utmärkt, ty jag var ju trots allt så rysligt kapabel. Ett dödläge infann sig.
Diaspora och sexualitet
Authors: Farahani Fataneh , Hübinette Tobias
Published: June 2022

This article is about diaspora. Through an analysis of the narratives of first generation Iranian women living in Sweden, I demonstrate how migratory experiences impact sexuality and how and in what ways sexuality is constitutive to the migratory process. By discussing some of the key subjects raised by the interviewees, such as intimacy in the diasporic space, contradictory gender discourses, the dominating impacts of existing Orientalist stereotypes, and their sense of (be)longing or lack of (be)longing, I examine how the women experience their sexuality through the intersecting and sometimes contradictory discourses. By focusing on entangled issues involving subjectivity, sameness, difference, otherness, domination, agency, and marginality, I destabilize essentialist approaches of identity. With gender and sexuality as the main subjects of the analysis, I discuss how moral values of the women regarding (in)appropriate sexual behaviour undergo various transformations. They take part in multiple (Iranian and Swedish) discourses and discard others while striving to make space for themselves ’inside’ these constraining norms. The women experience a discrepancy as a result of being thwarted by two seemingly different cultures – while both cultures construct discourses filled with stereotypes of so-called natives and outsiders. However, living in Sweden, where intersecting racist and sexist discourses come to life on a daily basis, it is actually not a thwarting by ’two cultures.’ It is, in fact, a merger of Swedishness with Iranianness (with all their complexities), along with other characteristics. It is a complexity within the culture(s) in which the women live.
En besvärlig människa. Om Elisabeth Sjövall, sexualiteten och kvinnligheten
Authors: Lennerhed Lena
Published: June 2022

Elisabet Sjövall (1915-1981) was a Swedish gynecologist, with a range of additional responsibilities. She was the director of the Gothenburg City Council Center for women applying for abortion, a social democratic politician and member of parliament from 1957-1968, the president of RFSU which is The Swedish Association for Sex Education, from 1961-1964, and the author of two works of fiction: the novel Barlast (1946) and the play Fyra människor (1951). In this article, Sjövall’s view on the sexual experience and consequences’ of sexual life are discussed. As a member of parliament, Sjövall argued for a revised and more equal law on sterilization. She also argued against the criminalization of rape within marriage in the 1960s because she considered sex and violence to be intertwined and was of the view that the sexual act should be regarded as a mutual agreement. In the abortion debate in the early 1960s, Sjövall argued against the introduction of abortion on demand. In private letters, Sjövall wrote about herself as a heterosexual person who had had several homosexual contacts, and with experiences of a sexual life she described as ”unique” in ”beauty and holiness”. This article argues that Sjövall’s emphasis on sexuality as mutual as well as a complex force can explain some of her political standpoints on sexual issues.
När genusforskningen blir ett hot mot jämställdheten
Authors: Fahlgren Siv , Sjöstedt Landén Angelika
Published: June 2022

In this article, we study a current phenomenon where gender studies comes to be formulated as a threat to gender equality. In order to deconstruct how such an argument is discursively constructed, we analyse an opinion piece, published in the Swedish paper Göteborgs-Posten in April 2012 by Professor Bo Rothstein. He writes that the government in its efforts to focus on gender equality has invested significant resources in gender research in Sweden. This is on the one hand described as an admirable initiative because the living conditions in the world would be improved by greater equality. The problem is, however, said to be that gender research is no longer working on gender issues - but rather discourages it. On that basis, the author argues that government funding to gender studies should be abolished because it has ‘taken away from increasing gender equality’. The purpose of our study is to investigate what is discursively normalised, what is implied or taken for granted, and what is simultaneously silenced or hidden in the reasoning that comes to fore in the opinion piece. In such context, we consider the opinion piece to be a specific example in which to analyse the discursive elements that enable reasoning where gender studies is portrayed as a threat to gender equality. The opinion piece, constitutes a form of of writing that possibly makes such rhetoric credible in today’s debate marked by the development of anti-feminist and racist movements. The analysis shows that the articulation of gender studies as a threat to gender equality builds on the normalisation of a quantitative and heteronormative view of how gender equality is achieved as well as on a reduction of the complexity of gender research and researchers.
Att synliggöra det osynliga. Design som aktör i jämställdhetsarbete
Authors: Isaksson Anna , Börjesson Emma , Ehrnberger Karin
Published: June 2022

Research points to the need for developing methods to change established gender orders and converting gender perspectives into practical action. Based on a gender equality project at the Centre for Health Technology Halland (HCH), this article discusses the potential of critical design as an agent within the framework of gender equality work and work for change. The project worked with critical design as a tool for making visible what a gender perspective can mean in the context of one’s work, in this case health technology. It resulted in a conceptual prototype called the Androchair – a medical chair designed for men but based on women’s experiences of the gynaecological chair. The aim of the article is to study and discuss the significance of including a prototype, that is an object, in the gender equality work of an organisation. Special focus is placed on whether, and in that case how, a prototype can influence notions of gender and gender equality in relation to one’s own area of work. The empirical data consists of qualitative interviews with staff at the HCH. Actor-network theory is used to interpret the data. The analysis shows how the Androchair raises questions of power, needs and interpretative prerogative in relation to what one does in one’s work. Furthermore, it does this to a greater extent than more conventional ways of conveying knowledge about gender equality (such as academic texts, statistics and PowerPoint presentations). Physical objects are perceived of as making gender and gender equality issues more tangible.
Med passionen som drivkraft
Authors: Lundberg Anna , Werner Ann
Published: June 2022

Based on a national Swedish survey among former gender studies students followed by focus group interviews, this article investigates the students’ perspectives on gender studies and work. We ask how they understand their education in between generic critical knowledge and the labor market. How can the students’ backgrounds and talk about gender studies and work be understood intersectionally? What does it mean for the future of gender studies? The analysis is based on intersectional subject positions as developed by Dorthe Staunæss (2003) and compares the results with other critical feminist studies of higher education (Ahmed 2012; Berggren 2006; Mählck 2013; Orupabo 2014). The analytical method uses the concepts “gap” (Åse 2000), ”in sync” (Staunæss 2010) and “comfortable” (Ahmed 2010) in order to understand the contradicting results of the survey and talk in the focus groups. In our analysis we discuss the gaps the students identify between their studies and their experiences of finding work on the labor market as both significant for the humanities and social sciences in general and as specific for gender studies. The gender studies students are however employed and find their education useful on the labor market, a success that they also ascribe (partly) to their privileged background in terms of class and ethnicity. Among the participants persons with academically educated parents and parents born in Sweden were over-represented. The article also discusses what this skewed participation in gender studies education may mean for the discipline and the labor market for gender studies students. Finally it proposes four directions for the future development of gender studies.
Våld i trafiken. Om cyklisters utsatthet för kränkningar, hot och våld i massbilismens tidevarv
Authors: Balkmar Dag
Published: June 2022

When cyclists begin to take up more traffic space than before, conflicts appear. In Sweden, the media has reported on hatred against cyclists when describing the antagonism between (male) cyclists and (male) car drivers, as well as between cyclists and pedestrians, in traffic-dense environments. Despite the current political renaissance of cycling in Sweden, the proportion of personal trips in which the bike is the main mode of transport has remained largely unchanged over the past fifteen years. This has in part been linked to cyclists’ experiences of insecurity in traffic space. Therefore, conflicts between more or less vulnerable road users are becoming increasingly important to investigate in a society where car normativity needs to be challenged in favour of more sustainable travel. The aim of this article is to, based on media material, policy reports, interviews and cyclists’ online discussion-forums, study the situation of cyclists to discuss their situation in a car-normative environment from a gender and violence perspective. What forms of conflicts do cyclists negotiate in their everyday traffic environment? How can this be understood in relation to gender and violence? It is argued that cyclists are being positioned in contradictory ways: as vulnerable and exposed on the one hand, and as particularly dangerous road users in need of disciplining and interventions on the other. Not only do cyclists negotiate their situation by viewing themselves as drivers would, namely as more or less invisible. They are also subjected to what has been called ‘hatred’: discursive and even physical violence directed towards cyclists for taking up too much traffic space from motorists. Examples of (violent) resistance against and negotiation with the self-evident nature of (male) motorists’ entitlement to traffic space are given. In the final part of the paper I suggest that the violence needs to be understood as deeply embedded within larger gendered structural formations of mass motorism and traffic space.
Det våldsbevittnande barnets ontologi
Authors: Andersson Kjerstin , Källström Cater Åsa
Published: June 2022

The recurring demand in Sweden today is to view children witnessing domestic violence as victims of crime. In this article, we discuss the ontological status of the child and how witnessing violence might affect this status. In light of research on children witnessing domestic violence and how these children are described in support methods, we aim to contribute to the understanding of the ontology of children and particularly of the child witnessing domestic violence. This is related to the political history of and current theories on children. Previous research shows that witnessing domestic violence increases the risk for developing violent behaviors. Despite this, current Swedish support methods pay little attention to possible use of violence among these children. This could entail that important aspects are not given discursive space within interventions. Chris Jenk’s writing on mythological imageries of children is related to children witnessing domestic violence. The imageries of Apollo and Dionysus respectively produce different ideas about innocence, vulnerability, responsibility and competence. An Apollonian imagery of children witnessing domestic violence focuses exclusively on children as victims, ignoring their potential for violence. The Dionysian imagery on the other hand generates an idea of children with an innate propensity for violence, which threatens their ontological status as victims. Furthermore, the ontology of children explored in the context of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and a more complex understanding of children is called for. The imagery of Athena is put forth to broaden the understanding of children as responsible and participating on their own terms. This imagery goes hand-in-hand, we argue, with John Wall’s call for a childism parallel to feminism.
När mord blir emblematiska. Våld mot kvinnor i turkisk och svensk media
Authors: Eldén Åsa
Published: June 2022

This article analyses how the murder of women, femicide, is framed and understood in today’s media landscape in Turkey. In focus stands the interaction between three actors on the media arena: feminists, the media and politicians, and the process through which these actors shape stories about gendered violence. During the last few years, Turkey has witnessed a growing media visibility of gendered violence, mainly reflected in news reporting and discussions about murders of women. A feminist understanding of violence in which individual cases are linked rather than isolated was partly picked up by the media, and some cases became emblematic: generalised as a concern for other cases and important for how violence against women was framed. Through these cases not only women’s groups but also the media itself raised demands for state responsibility and state intervention in the struggle to end violence against women. The state saw the urge to respond and show engagement. The overall aim of the article is to explore whether media stories about murders of women that have reached an emblematic status in a given context close down or open up for public discussion. The article intends to give a deepened theoretical understanding of emblematic cases by asking whether they open up for stories in which new patterns and linkages are given space, or if they close down an issue and promote only one type of narrative in the public discussion about violence. For this purpose, the article also turns to the Swedish arena and the public discussions about honour related violence.
Mindre rum, nya gränser och kollektivets underminering. Det nazistiska hotet mot HBTQ-rörelsen
Authors: Linander Ida , Lauri Marcus , Lauri Johanna
Published: June 2022

Support for right-wing extremist organizations and ideologies has increased in Sweden and other European countries in recent years, expressed for instance in organized Nazi attacks against LGBTQ activists. Against this background, ten LGBTQ activists in Sweden have been interviewed about their experience of such attacks. By using feminist theories on violence and theories on social movements, our analysis shows that such actions are experienced and affect LGBTQ activists differently depending on context. Being part of a collective seems to provide a sense of safety and thus offers protection in instances of direct confrontation. On the other hand, threats against individuals, in particular online, are described as creating prolonged fear and stress. The presence and actions of Nazis affect both the organizations and individuals in the movement; it drains already limited resources, constrains the space for supporting the community and for pursuing policy issues. The threats also produce individual self-regulation, both in public debate participation and in adapting physical appearance to cis- and heteronormative expectations.
Characteristic facial expressions in chronic facial paralysis suggest an incidental finding of an intratemporal mass
Authors:   Korea Skull Base Society, Kim Joo Hyun , Kim Jin
Published: June 2022

Background : The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of facial expressions by their pathogenesis in subjects with chronic facial paralysis and to describe the partial defect of facial function in elucidating the etiology of facial paralysis.
Materials and Methods : The etiology of chronic facial paralysis could be categorized into 3 groups: Group I, total resection without any reanimation surgery; Group II, acute facial nerve injury such as Bell’s palsy, and Group III, facial nerve resection and anastomosis. There was a total number of 104 subjects included in this study. Each subject with chronic facial paralysis and were investigated based on the severity of synkinesis, regression of muscular volume, latency and amplitude in electromyography, and facial movement by House-Brackmann grade system.
Results : Subjects from the Group I had no synkinesis with profound regression of muscular volume, H-B grade 5.7 ± 0.34. Subjects from the Group II had moderate to severe synkinesis with moderate to severe regression of muscular volume, H-B grade 3.4 ± 0.96. In this group, thirteen subjects with atypical facial expression also had an incidental finding of a hidden mass in the intratemporal area. Lastly, subjects from the Group III had severe synkinesis without regression of muscular volume, H-B grade 3.7 ± 0.76.
Conclusions : With careful examination of facial expression, a crucial point for elucidating the pathogenesis of facial paralysis may be provided. Severe facial palsy without muscular regression may indicate an incidental finding of a hidden mass in the intratemporal area.
Clinical efficacy of hypofractionated shaped-beam stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with skull base meningioma: Single center experience
Authors:   Korea Skull Base Society, Park Gyeong-Gyu , Oh Hyuk-Jin , Ahn Jae-Min , Oh Jae-Sang , Min Chul-Kee
Published: June 2022

Background : Various modalities of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) have been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of intracranial meningiomas. Depending on the characteristics of each modality, various results can be obtained. To analyze the therapeutic effect of hypofractionated SRS (hSRS) on skull base meningioma, we retrospectively reviewed the results of clinical and follow-up image studies.
Materials and Methods : Between January 2011 and December 2020, thirty-two patients (median age, 58 years; 5 males and 27 females) had been treated with hSRS using the Novalis Tx system for skull base meningiomas (mean volume, 7.86 cm3). Tumor was located in most frequently cavernous sinus (n = 7, 21.9%), cerebellopontine angle (n = 7, 21.9%), clinoidal (n = 6, 18.8%) locations. Thirteen patients had previously undergone surgical treatment including radiosurgery. The median cumulative dose was 25 Gy (range, 21.0-27.5 Gy) in five fractions (range, 3-5 fractions).
Results : During a median follow-up of 50 months (range, 13-98 months) hSRS achieves 100% tumor control rate in all patients without tumor progression. As a result of volumetric analysis using magnetic resonance imaging showed partial response (volume decrease > 20%) in 26 patients (81.3%), stable in 4 patients (12.5%). The tumor volume decreased by an average of 55.5% when compared with the beginning.
Conclusions : This study showed that hSRS is an effective and safe treatment modality with a high tumor control rate and functional outcomes for skull base meningioma.
Exploring Secondary School Performance by Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Felicia  , Ferren
Published: June 2022

Education is an important factor to achieve a better life and to help the economy. There are lots of levels of education and the education level that we will analyze is secondary education. Secondary education provides lots of benefits, starting from knowledge and skills, training in attitudes, instincts, and ensuring students will get a job after graduating. Not only that, but Portuguese secondary education also guides the development of the students so they will be well prepared for work and real-life situations. The educational level of Portuguese has also improved from last decades because in the past, lots of students failed and this causing failure rates is increasing. The failures are caused by Mathematics which are the core subjects. Because of this, Portuguese schools are still monitoring students who didn’t pass yet by using the data. We will analyze using 3 operators (i.e. Generalized Linear Model , Random Forest, Naive Bayes) and found out that past grades, demographic, and several attributes play a role in education (Cortez & Silva, 2008). We also found that Naive Bayes method has a high accuracy. The goal of these projects is to identify what makes education successful and fail and to aim for any new prediction.