bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Extensive Chatbot Interaction Affect Human Relationships?
Authors: Sterling Leon
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have simulated conversations for over 50 years. With the greatly improved quality and prevalence of AI, and the emergence of generative AI in many applications, it is timely to take stock of whether conversations with chatbots and other AI systems will affect how people inter-relate. This paper presents a history of conversations with computers and whether those conversations cover non-textual elements of conversations such as emotions. The paper discusses emotions and how people instinctively anthropomorphise systems. It discusses some benefits touted for conversations with AI systems and points out some limitations. Although it is too early to form definitive conclusions about the effect of AI conversations on interpersonal relationships, the paper argues that there is a danger of a loss of skills by extensive computer usage. The paper advocates growing our conversation skills, a growth that cannot solely be provided by interaction with chatbots and generative AI systems more broadly.
DNA Methylation-Based Classification of the Central Nervous System Tumors, Achievements, and Challenges
Authors: Kakodkar Pramath , Conway Kyle , Santana-Santos Lucas , McCord Matthew , Sukhanova Madina , Castellani Rudolph , Jamshidi Pouya
Published: January 2025

The classification, grading, and risk stratification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors have rapidly evolved with the advent of integrative advanced molecular testing. Here, we review the advances and challenges associated with DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Specifically, we will review the brief background information about the role of epigenetic signatures, including DNA methylation status of CpG islands, in identifying the cell of origin, bioinformatic methods, and products of DNA methylation profiling, namely t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) plot vs. uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP), CNS tumor classifications, methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT), and chromosomal copy number variations. We will follow with the diagnostic utility, accuracy, and impact on clinical outcomes. We will conclude the chapter by highlighting the limitations of DNA methylation, bioethical issues, and the future directions for this diagnostic tool.
Sustainable Milk Processing: Reducing Waste and Enhancing Efficiency
Authors: N. Al-Tayawi Aws , Sukmana Hadid , Kertész Szabolcs
Published: January 2025

The dairy industry faces pressing challenges in sustainability, particularly in managing water resources, energy efficiency, and waste reduction. This study explores innovative strategies and technologies aimed at addressing these challenges, emphasizing water conservation, energy optimization, and the valorization of dairy by-products. Effective water management practices, including recycling and advanced treatment technologies, are discussed as essential for mitigating environmental impacts. Energy efficiency in milk processing is highlighted through the adoption of renewable energy sources, energy recycling methods, and process optimization techniques. Furthermore, waste minimization is addressed via circular economy approaches, transforming dairy waste streams into valuable products. Constructed wetlands, physico-chemical treatments, and biological processes are examined for their effectiveness in treating dairy wastewater. The findings underscore the need for integrating advanced technologies and sustainable practices to enhance operational efficiency and environmental stewardship in the dairy industry. This holistic approach not only reduces the environmental footprint but also contributes to economic viability, paving the way for a more sustainable future in milk processing.
Hybrid Parallel Scheme for Eigenvalue Problems Using Multiplicative Calculus
Authors: Shams Mudassir , Carpentieri Bruno
Published: January 2025

The complexity of the nonlinear eigenvalue problem is too great for traditional analytical methods, particularly in engineering applications where dynamic behaviors and material nonlinearities are crucial. For this reason, this chapter presents a novel hybrid parallel technique based on multiplicative calculus as an effective way to handle scale-invariant processes without dealing with sum divergence issues. It offers improved precision and computational stability, making it especially appropriate for complex systems where ratios—rather than differences—are crucial. The results are verified in the nonlinear dynamical analysis of frame structures, a highly relevant applied engineering problem involving substantial deformations and material nonlinearities. The proposed formulation achieves a convergence order of three. The numerical findings reveal that our method performs better than existing strategies in the literature, with considerable improvements in residual error, computational efficiency, stability, and CPU time. These findings show the method’s potential application in handling real-world engineering challenges such as dynamic structural analysis.
Integrated Optical Biosensors
Authors: Valkai Sándor
Published: January 2025

The label-free, all-optical biosensors, have been gaining more and more popularity in recent years. They can provide almost as high sensitivity as conventional techniques (like ELISA) in the detection of pathogens, although in a much faster and cost-effective way from some liquid samples. They are often combined with microchannels as sample holders and handlers. The application of microchannels implies that only small sample volumes are used (no additional time is needed for cultivation in order to have enough samples). On the other hand, the devices are small sized and portable in contrast to the traditional instruments that are only used in special laboratories by properly trained operators. These biosensors sometimes utilize microelectrodes for mechanical manipulation of the cells in the sample via the phenomenon called dielectrophoresis (DEP). It is capable to move small objects by (strongly) inhomogeneous alternating electric field, even if the objects alone do not have an excess electric charge.
Understanding Adsorption: Theories, Techniques, and Applications
Authors: Ahmed Alsharif Marwah
Published: January 2025

The chapter topic “Understanding Adsorption: Theories, Techniques, and Applications” will provide a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental theories, experimental techniques, and practical applications of adsorption processes. It will begin by discussing the foundational theories that explain adsorption behaviour, including physisorption and chemisorption, and their underlying molecular interactions. Key adsorption models, such as Langmuir, Freundlich and BET isotherms, will be reviewed to offer insights into adsorption dynamics, capacity and surface interactions. The chapter will also cover various experimental techniques used to characterise adsorption, such as gravimetric methods, gas adsorption analysis and calorimetry, which help determine the properties of adsorbents and adsorbates. Furthermore, the chapter will examine real-world applications of adsorption in diverse fields, including environmental engineering for water and air purification, gas separation, catalysis and energy storage systems. The potential of advanced adsorbent materials, such as porous materials and nanostructures, will be discussed in light of emerging challenges and technological advancements. This chapter aims to equip readers with both theoretical knowledge and practical insights into the wide-ranging applications of adsorption processes.
Molecular, Pharmacologic and Biochemical Aspects of Polycarbonate Plastic Bisphenol Exposures
Authors: Sarin Hemant
Published: January 2025

Bisphenol acetone was initially studied for potential application as an estrogen substitute, and since then, it is in industrial use as dually-substituted bifunctional epoxide in epoxy resins and as poly-BPA ester carbonate for its elasticity and advanced material bend properties. The bisphenols are lipophilic chemicals with hydrophilic substituents and steroid nucleus structure that can bind to cell surface and nuclear receptors to exert pituitary, thyroid and steroid axis, and adipose tissue / end organ-related health effects. The available bisphenols utilized in industry are known and have been characterized for their binding affinity by traditional assays such as saturation (-Ka) and competition (IC50), and reporter-based transfectant assay for study of their agonist (EC50) or antagonist (IC50) potential. The bisphenol A / BP receptors include the NR adapters, Ncor1, Smrt and Ncoa1-7 (Src), and the coadapter binding partners, Erα and Erβ, Gpr30 and Errγ, Rorα, Pparγ, and by effect on coadapter, TRα and TRβ. Dose-potency-efficacy concentration modeling is applicable to the study of NOAEL, LOAEL, ED50 and LD50 effects in population health and ecological studies. In this chapter, the sustentative knowledge on bisphenol properties, biochemical pathways, gene activation and repression, and epigenetics, is covered with meditation on cell-based receptor binding assays and potency-efficacy curvilinear relationships relevant to the epidemiology of exposure assessment.
Analisis Dampak Kenaikan Suhu Terhadap Penurunan Kualitas Batubara Muara Bengalun PT Mitrabara Adiperdana Tbk
Authors: Bakri Suriyanto , Thamsi Alam Budiman , Muhdi Irawan
Published: January 2025

Umumnya, batubara di Indonesia dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar yang biasa disebut batubara uap atau sebagai bahan baku industri baja. Meningkatnya permintaan bahan bakar batubara untuk industri menyebabkan PT Mitrabara Adiperdana Tbk., terus menerus meningkatkan produksinya. Batubara yang dihasilkan dari front penambangan pada umumnya tidak langsung dikirim ke konsumen sehingga batubara tersebut harus ditumpuk di tempat penumpukan yang disebut dengan istilah stockpile (Area timbunan). Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi PT Mitrabara Adiperdana Tbk., dalam penumpukan batubara pada stockpile adalah terjadinya peningkatan temperatur. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan analisis dampak apa saja yang terjadi pada area timbunan yang mempengaruhi kualitas batubara pada perusahaan ini. Metode penelitian diawali dengan mencari literatur laporan penelitian terdahulu dan data lainnya. Selanjutnya dilakukan observasi dan analisis kondisi di lapangan. Lokasi survey dilakukan di area PT Mitrabara Adiperdana Tbk., Kabupaten Malinau Kalimantan Utara. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada stockpile Muara Bengalon. Tahap ketiga dilakukan analisis data dalam menganalisis kualitas batubara di PT Mitrabara Adiperdana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan suhu batubara di stockpile. Pada pagi hari, suhu batubara berkisar antara 26,50ºC hingga 44,71ºC, sedangkan pada siang hari suhu meningkat menjadi 30,50ºC hingga 50,85ºC. Peningkatan suhu ini berdampak pada penurunan kualitas batubara, yang berpotensi menyebabkan swabakar
Karakteristik Mineral Pembawa Pasir Besi Daerah Pantai Pancana Kabupaten Barru Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Zulfadli Zulfadli , Nawir Alfian , Harwan Harwan , Bakri Suriyanto
Published: January 2025

Iron sand is one of the industrial minerals. The utilization of iron sand in Indonesia is still limited to being used as a raw material for cement factories in the manufacture of concrete. Iron is given the symbol (Fe) in the periodic table's chemical element. The purpose of this study was to determine the mineral properties of iron sand and the chemical characteristics of iron sand. The research location is in the Barru district in the province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This research method uses XRD and XRF analysis methods. From the results of the XRD analysis, it was found that 2 minerals carrying iron sand, including the minerals Magnetite and Hematite with the percentage content of these minerals, are. Magnetite mineral (Fe3O4) 9,3% and Hematite mineral (Fe2O3) 0,3%. The results of XRF analysis show that the chemical composition contained in F2O3 minerals, containing oxide and hydroxide elements Fe, O, and Oxide, is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and at least one other element.
Persistent Nasal Skin Lesions in Pemphigus Patients and the Role of Methotrexate in Treatment: A Case Series Study
Authors: Kavyani Mohamad Reza , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Heidari Sama , Esfahani Navid Namakizadeh , Ahmadian Sarina , Azizpour Arghavan , Balighi Kamran
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Nasal involvement might infrequently happen and some lesions may not respond to conventional treatments. Objectives: The current case series report aims to describe the characteristics of 10 confirmed pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) patients with nasal skin lesions who did not respond to conventional treatment options or relapsed after a while and to evaluate the role of methotrexate in treatment. Methods: Data regarding patient demographics, disease type and severity, nasal lesion characteristics, and treatment response was obtained from medical records and direct communication with patients between 2019 and 2023. Results: Eight patients received intravenous rituximab (RTX) and 3 methotrexate. Out of the 8 pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients who underwent RTX treatment, a total of 18 treatment sessions were carried out. Following RTX therapy, significant improvements in the nasal lesions were observed after 11 (61.1%) sessions, with 8 patients (44.4%) achieving complete resolution within 6 months. Additionally, 3 patients who did not have satisfactory results after RTX treatment, received methotrexate, and all of them experienced complete recovery of their nasal lesions within the same time frame. Conclusions: All the patients who benefited from methotrexate never experienced complete remission of their nasal lesions before. It seems methotrexate can be an eligible choice for recalcitrant cases.
Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of Imiquimod 3.75% Cream vs 5-Fluorouracil 4% cream in the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis: A Split-Face Study
Authors: Ariasi Cesare , Romanò Carola , Tomasi Cesare , Licata Gaetano , Geat Davide , Calzavara-Pinton Piergiacomo , Arisi Mariachiara
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common precancerous skin lesion that arises on chronically UV-exposed skin and can progress to keratinocyte carcinoma. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare efficacy, safety, local skin reaction, time to wound closure, and patient preference of imiquimod (IMQ) 3.75% vs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 4% cream treatment for AKs. Methods: Two symmetrical contralateral areas of approximately 25 cm2 harboring a similar (≥5) number of AKs were selected and randomly assigned to IMQ 3.75% or 5- FU 4% cream treatment. The total number of AKs for each patient, was evaluated at baseline (T0) and 90 days after the end of treatments (T1). Local skin reaction (LSR) score was registered the day after the end of both treatments. Complete remission rate of lesions, cosmetic outcome, and patient preference of treatment were assessed after 90 days (T1). Results: The mean variation (ΔT0-T1) of AKs was not significantly different in patients treated with IMQ 3.75% and 5-FU 4% (p=0.35). The mean LSR was not significantly different for patients treated with IMQ 3.75% and 5-FU 4% (p=0.63). No difference in cosmetic outcome was observed in the 2 groups. Patient preference was equally distributed between the treatments. The mean time to wound closure after the end of the treatment was similar after IMQ 3.75% as compared to 5-FU 4% (p=0.83). Conclusions: This study reports a non-superiority of efficacy, tolerability, wound-healing time, and cosmetic outcome of topical IMQ 3.75% treatment compared to topical 5-FU 4% treatment in AK management.
Quality of Life in Patients with Melasma
Authors: Almasi Ghale Reza , Nasimi Maryam , Alidoost Saeideh , Talebi Marjan , Almasi Ghale Rouzbeh , Rahmani Mehregan , Pouresmaeili Farkhondeh
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Melasma is a skin disorder that causes brown spots on the face, especially in women and people with dark skin. This situation can have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life, including issues with self-confidence, mental strain, and difficulty in social and familial relationships. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life in patients with melasma. Methods: We conducted a study analyzing the relationship between the severity of melasma and quality of life using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. Results: The study found that severity of melasma, which was measured by the Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI), was closely related to the degree of maximum darkness in the affected area. The researchers also found a modest impact on the quality of life-related to the condition, with DLQI scores averaging 6.16 and a strong correlation between MASI scores and quality of life. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals should also consider the emotional and societal consequences of skin pigmentation conditions in addition to providing medical and therapeutic interventions. Further research is needed to understand better the complex relationships between different factors and their impact on skin health.
Dermoscopy of Vitiligo and Other Hypopigmented Skin Lesions in Indian Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Ananya , Khaitan Binod , Gupta Vishal , Ramam M , Sahni Kanika
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Non-vitiligo hypopigmented skin lesions may be close clinical mimickers of vitiligo, resulting in a diagnostic dilemma. Dermoscopic features of vitiligo have been studied, but those of other hypopigmentation disorders are not well-characterized. Objectives: We aimed to describe and compare the dermoscopic features of vitiligo and other hypopigmented skin lesions. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 105 vitiligo and 137 other hypopigmented skin lesions, including ash-leaf macules (n=17), nevus depigmentosus (n=16), post-inflammatory hypopigmentation (n=16), pityriasis alba (n=15), pityriasis versicolor (n=14), idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) (n=14), lichen sclerosus (n=12), leprosy (n=9) and others. Dermoscopic findings were recorded by concordance of at least 2 qualified dermatologists. Results: Common dermoscopic findings in vitiligo were intermediate or ill-defined margins (96/105, 91.4%), and a complete absence of pigment network (70/105, 66.7%). Nevus depigmentosus lesions were mostly hypopigmented with a faint pigment network throughout the lesion. In 15/17 (88.2%) ash-leaf macules, a characteristic pattern of sharply demarcated areas of normal pigment network was seen within a depigmented lesion. Almost all lesions of IGH had a sharply defined margin with completely absent pigment network; discernible eccrine openings within the lesion were seen in 9/14 (64.3%). Dermoscopic findings of a complete absence of pigment network, perifollicular retention of pigment, presence of vascular pattern, loss of discernibility of eccrine openings within the lesion and lack of scaling were statistically significantly more common in vitiligo than other hypopigmented skin lesions (p<0.001). Conclusion: Vitiligo, nevus depigmentosus, ash-leaf macule and IGH have distinctive dermoscopic features. Dermoscopy can aid in the differential diagnosis of vitiligo and other hypopigmented skin lesions.
Dermoscopy of Early-Stage Mycosis Fungoides: Comparative Study with Inflammatory Dermatoses
Authors: Chabbouh Amel , Litaiem Noureddine , Hammami Houda , Mokni Mourad , Zeglaoui Faten
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The diagnosis of early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) is challenging often requiring multiple biopsies and may be confused with plaque psoriasis (PP) and chronic dermatitis (CD). Objecytive: Our study aimed to describe the dermoscopic features of early-stage MF and compare them with PP and CD. Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in three Tertiary Referral Dermatology Departments in Tunisia between January 2021 to December 2021, including 89 patients with phototype III-V. For all included patients, up to 3 representative cutaneous lesions were selected and examined using dermoscopy. Both clinical and dermoscopic photos were recorded for each selected lesion. Dermoscopic photos were interpreted by two independent evaluators. Results: Vascular structures significantly associated with the diagnosis of early-stage MF included polymorphic, coiled, serpentine, and linear vessels, in an unspecific distribution. Branched vessels were only seen in granulomatous MF. Conversely, monomorphous vessels in uniform distribution were associated with PP, whereas CD was associated with monomorphous vessels with unspecific distribution. Non-vascular structures associated with the diagnosis of MF included reticular lines, orange background color, and structureless areas. Pink background was more prevalent in PP and CD. Additionally, in patients with CD, yellow clods were more frequently observed. Conclusion: This study highlights characteristic dermoscopic features of early-stage MF compared with PP and CD. Dermoscopic aspects of folliculotropic MF were particularly distinguishing. These aspects would help clinicians in correctly guiding skin biopsy sites in difficult cases.
Clinical and Trichoscopic Evaluations of Topical Finasteride 1%, Topical Spironolactone 5%, and Minoxidil 5% in Female Pattern Hair Loss Treatment
Authors: Mohamed El Sayed Naglaa , Hamed Elmorsy Eman , Mahmoud Hussein Tarek , Hassan Eman
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is one of the most common forms of diffuse alopecia in females.. Despite the availability of multiple treatment options, FPHL management poses challenges for the dermatologist. Objectives: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of topical finasteride 1% solution and spironolactone 5% solution  to minoxidil 5% solution in the treatment of FPHL clinically and trichoscopically. Methods: Forty-five adult female patients diagnosed with FPHL were divided into 3 groups of 15 each. Group A was treated with topical finasteride 1%, group B used topical spironolactone 5%, and group C was treated with topical minoxidil solution 5 %, for 16 weeks. Results: By the end of 16th week, significant improvement in the Sinclair scale was observed in groups A and C, but the difference between the 3 groups was statistically insignificant. Trichoscopically, hair density significantly increased in groups A and C. There was a significant reduction in the number of patients with yellow dots, peripilar sign, as well as single hair follicular units (FU) in group A. In group C, a significant reduction in number of patients with yellow dots and single hair FU was documented. No trichoscopic changes were detected in group B.   Conclusions:  Topical finasteride is as safe and effective as topical minoxidil in FPHL. Both treatments showed higher efficacy clinically and trichoscopically than topical spironolactone. The use of topical finasteride may be another solution for the treatment of FPHL in minoxidil non-responders or in the presence of intolerable side effects
Gender-related Therapeutical Response to Apremilast: New Insights in a Tailored Management of Psoriasis
Authors: Trovato Emanuele , Bardazzi Federico , Di Lernia Vito , Corazza Monica , Lasagni Claudia , Prignano Francesca
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin condition. One of the intriguing challenges in studying psoriasis has been identification of correlations between this disease and gender and body weight. Objective: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted among patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis who attended the outpatient clinics of 6 University Hospitals in Italy. The effects of apremilast on weight and body mass index (BMI) according to gender after 24 weeks and 48 weeks of therapy were considered. Methods: We enrolled retrospectively 120 adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis who underwent apremilast treatment for at least 24 weeks. Baseline characteristics, including age, gender, psoriasis area severity index (PASI), comorbidities, smoking and alcohol habits, relevant medical history and previous psoriasis systemic and biologic treatments were recorded. Weight and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated at baseline (T0) and at 24 (w24) and 48 weeks (w48). A descriptive statistical analysis has been performed. Results: The analysis showed a significant reduction in body weight in females at w24 and w48 (p < 0.001), with a mean difference of −2.6 kg at w24 and of -5.7 kg at w48. We observed a reduction of weight of 3.6% at w24, and 7.9% at w48. Similar assessments were also observed for BMI, which was reduced in women by 3.6% at w24 and 8% at w48. In men, no changes in weight and BMI were observed at w24 and/or w48. Conclusion: Understanding the interplay between psoriasis, gender, and body weight is essential for effective disease management and improving patient outcomes.
Risankizumab Versus Secukinumab: A Real-World Efficacy and Cost per Responder Comparison in Patients With Psoriasis in Italy
Authors: Pirro Federico , Caldarola Giacomo , Bernardini Nicoletta , Celeste Maria Grazia , Dattola Annunziata , De Luca Eleonora , Galluzzo Marco , Giordano Domenico , Izzi Chiara , Maretti Giulia , Marcelli Lorenzo , Ravasio Roberto , Richetta Antonio Giovanni , Skroza Nevena , Talamonti Marina , Zangrilli Arianna , Bianchi Luca , Pellacani Giovanni , Persechino Severino , Potenza Concetta , Peris Ketty , De Simone Clara
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Risankizumab and secukinumab are effective treatment options for patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Objective: We sought to estimate the efficacy and the cost per responder of risankizumab and secukinumab by comparing these two drugs in a real-life setting. Methods:.A multicentric retrospective study was conducted in patients from the Lazio region of Italy affected by moderate-to-severe psoriasis who initiated risankizumab or secukinumab between September 2020 to September 2022. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was measured at baseline and after 16, 52, and 78 weeks. Clinical responses were evaluated by PASI90 and PASI100 responses at the same timepoints. The cost per responder at week 16 and 52 was adopted as a cost-effectiveness indicator. Results: Included were 141 patients, 74 (52.5%) treated with risankizumab and 67 (47.5%) treated with secukinumab. PASI90 responses in risankizumab-treated patients were higher than those observed in patients treated with secukinumab at both weeks 16 and 52 [79.7% vs 64.2% (p=0.041) and 98.6% vs 83.6% (p=0.003), respectively]. Risankizumab also showed superior PASI100 rates at week 52 (85.5% vs 65.6%, p=0.009). No statistically significant differences were observed in PASI90 and PASI100 rates between the 2 groups at week 78. The cost per PASI90 and PASI100 responder for risankizumab was lower at both weeks 16 (€5833.66 and €8394.78, compared to €8747.18 and €10746.53 for secukinumab) and 52 (€11798.90 and €13598.73 vs €15347.70 and €19568.31, respectively). Conclusions: Risankizumab showed superior efficacy than secukinumab and a lower cost per responder.
Assessing the Accuracy of Dermoscopy for Scabies Diagnosis in Dark African Skin
Authors: Enechukwu Nkechi Anne , Akuakolam Ikenna , Aghanya Iloduba N , Anaje Chetanna C , Ezejiofor Ogochukwu I , Errichetti Enzo
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Scabies, a parasitic infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis affects individuals of diverse skin types. While definitive diagnosis involves identifying adult mites, eggs, or scybala from the microscopy of scrapings obtained from representative sites; it is invasive, time-consuming and not feasible in very young or non-cooperating patients. Dermoscopy is an evolving non-invasive procedure useful in dermatological diagnosis. The handheld dermatoscope is portable and valuable for epidemics and in-vivo use. There is sparse data on the diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy against microscopy in darker skin phototypes, a demographic for which dermoscopy have been understudied. Objective: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy with microscopy in dark skin. Methods: Consecutive patients attending the dermatology clinic at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria with clinical suspicion of scabies underwent dermoscopic and microscopic examination. Definitive diagnosis was retrospective, and a comparative assessment between dermoscopy and microscopy was conducted. Results: Dermoscopic and microscopic evidence was observed in 48.3% and 46.7% respectively. While the serpiginous tract had a sensitivity and specificity of 75.9% and 80.6% respectively, delta sign was 75% and 55.4% respectively. Both dermoscopy and microscopy demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 55.4% respectively. The delta glider sign was seen in 4 participants. Conclusion: Dermoscopy is particularly effective in identifying the serpiginous tract of scabies on dark skin, although it is less effective for detecting the delta sign. Non-specific dermoscopic features may frequently be seen. Future studies should modify criteria for darker skin to enhance clinical accuracy.
Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force
Authors: Iorizzo Matilde , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Alessandrini Aurora , Bruni Francesca , Vollono Laura , Pampaloni Francesca , Gioia Di Chiacchio Nilton , Di Chiacchio Nilton , Jimenez-Cahue Juan , Grover Chander , Apalla Zoe , Souissi Asmahne , Kelati Awatef , Kyrmanidou Eirini , Lazaridou Elizabeth , Starace Michela
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Onychomycosis is one of the most common nail diseases. Fingernail onychomycosis is significantly less frequent than toenail onychomycosis and it is often misdiagnosed due to its subtle clinical presentations. Objectives: We sought to analyze the clinical and onychoscopic features of culture-proven cases of fingernail onychomycosis in adult and pediatric patients. Methods: Medical records of 120 patients with onychomycosis limited to the fingernails were collected and analyzed across several dermatological centers (Italy, Switzerland, Spain, Greece, Brazil, India, Morocco, Tunisia). Data collected included age, sex, affected hand, affected fingernails, isolated fungal microorganism, clinical, and onychoscopic signs. Results: A total of 341 fingernails were analyzed. The most commonly affected hand was the right one ,and the most frequently affected digits were the second and third. The mean number of affected digits per patient was 2.84. Cultures identified Trichophyton rubrum in 54 cases, T.  mentagrophytes var. interdigitalis in 20 cases, Aspergillus spp. in 8 cases, Candida spp. in 31 cases, and various other fungi in the remaining cases. Major clinical and onychoscopic features observed included onycholysis, subungual hyperkeratosis, leukonychia, chromonychia and absence of the cuticles. On the basis of all findings, 4 main types of fingernail onychomycosis were identified. Conclusions: Fingernail onychomycosis presents with distinct clinical and onychoscopy characteristics that can overlap with other nail conditions. Dermoscopy enhances diagnostic accuracy, but mycological confirmation is mandatory for a definitive diagnosis.
Prebiotic- and Panthenol-Containing Multipurpose Healing Dermocosmetics Post-Cryotherapy for Actinic Keratoses: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ariasi Cesare , Romanò Carola , Tomasi Cesare , Soglia Simone , Licata Gaetano , Rubelli Luca , Calzavara Pinton Piergiacomo , Venturini Marina , Arisi Mariachiara
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a precancerous skin lesion that can progress to keratinocyte carcinoma. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a dermocosmetic (DC) formulation containing prebiotic active ingredients (Aqua Posae Filiformis, a complex made of ferments, sugars, plant extracts, panthenol, madecassoside, and zinc) on healing time and local skin reactions (LSR) following cryotherapy of AKs and to compare the application of DC aand boric acid 3% solution soaks (BA) vs. BA alone. Methods: Seventy-five adult patients presenting with a maximum of 5 isolated AKS on the face and/or scalp and who underwent cryotherapy (T0) were enrolled. Post-treatment, patients initiated the application of BA only or BA followed by DC once daily for 30 days (unblinded 1:1 randomization). The evaluation of efficacy in healing time and cosmetic outcomes was assessed 30 days post-treatment (T2); LSR was evaluated 3 days post-treatment (T1). Results: There was a gain of 4.5 days (40%) in healing time in the BA+DC group compared to the BA group, with a median time of 7 days versus 11.5 days (P<0.0005). Additionally, 50% of lesions in complete response had an excellent cosmetic outcome with BA+DC vs. 20% with BA only. The majority of patients treated with BA+DC had mild LSR vs. moderate LSR with BA, with a median value of 2 vs 3, respectively (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The addition of a prebiotic DC significantly reduced healing time, improved cosmetic outcomes, and minimized LSR post-cryotherapy. No adverse events were reported with this treatment.
Secukinumab Treatment in Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Real-World Clinical Settings: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Erbağcı Ece , Karstarlı Bakay Özge Sevil , Hapa Fatma Aslı
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) remains a challenge in clinical practice for dermatologists. Although the efficacy and safety of secukinumab (SEC) in the treatment of HS has been demonstrated in phase III studies, real-world data is limited. Objectives: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SEC treatment in HS patients in real-world settings. Methods: Adult patients who were diagnosed with HS and used SEC for at least 3 months were included in the study. Results: A total of 31 patients were included in the study; 14 of them (45.2%) were female. The mean age was 39.32 ± 10.26 years, and the mean disease duration was 11.77 ± 7.99 years. Nine (29%) patients were biologic-naive and 10 (32.3%) were adalimumab-naive. Disease severity was Hurley I in 7 patients (22.6%), Hurley II in 9 patients (29%), and Hurley III in 15 patients (48.4%). The Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response (HiSCR) was achieved in 20 patients (64.5%) in the third month of treatment. SEC treatment was discontinued due to primary ineffectiveness in 9 (29%) patients, secondary ineffectiveness in 1 (3.2%) patient, adverse effects in 1 (3.2%) patient, and loss of follow-up in 1 (3.2%) patient. Paradoxical pyoderma gangrenosum was observed as an adverse effect in 1 patient that resolved after discontinuing SEC and starting infliximab. Conclusion: SEC appears to be an effective and safe treatment option for HS, especially when used in the early and mild stages of the disease and in biologic-naive patients.
A pszichológiai tőke és a munkahelyi pszichoszociális tényezők szerepe a kiégésben és a munkahelyváltási szándékban
Authors: Erős M. Attila , Szabó Éva
Published: January 2025

A kutatás célja a kiégés, a pszichológiai tőke és a munkahelyi pszichoszociális tényezők közötti összefüggések vizsgálata volt a hazai versenyszféra aktív dolgozói állományára vonatkozóan. Az online felmérésben 351 kitöltő vett
részt. Kutatásunkban a Mini-Oldenburg Kiégés Kérdőívet (Ádám et al., 2020),
a Pszichológiai Tőke Kérdőívet (Kádi et al., 2020) és a Koppenhágai Kérdőív a
Munkahelyi Pszichoszociális Tényezőkről II. (Nistor et al., 2015) mérőeszközöket használtuk.
Eredményeink a korábbi kutatásokkal összhangban (Avey et al., 2009; Luthans
& Youssef-Morgan, 2007; Newman et al., 2014) megerősítik, hogy a magasabb
pszichológiai tőkével rendelkező munkavállalók kevésbé hajlamosak a kiégésre, valamint hogy a munkakörnyezet pszichoszociális tényezői meghatározó
szerepet játszanak a kiégés kialakulásában. A munkahelyi követelmények növekedése magasabb kimerüléssel jár együtt, de az olyan pszichoszociális tényezők, mint a Hatáskör (kontroll); Fejlődési lehetőségek; A munka értelmessége;
Munkahely iránti elkötelezettség csökkenthetik a kiégés mértékét. Parciális
korreláció-számításon alapuló eredményeink szerint a pszichológiai tőke szerepe a kiégés megjelenésében nem független a munkavégzés pszichoszociális
tényezőitől. Továbbá úgy tűnik, hogy a pszichológiai tőke inkább a kimerüléssel kapcsolatban működik pufferként, míg a pszichoszociális tényezők inkább a
kiábrándultsággal függenek össze. Eredményeink szerint a kiábrándultság erőteljesebben kapcsolódik a munkahelyváltási szándékhoz, mint a kimerülés.
A tanulmányunk hangsúlyozza a munkahelyi pszichoszociális tényezők megértésének jelentőségét és kiemeli azon intézkedések fontosságát, amelyek hozzájárulhatnak az egyének és a szervezetek jóllétéhez és produktivitásához.
Az érzelmek szerepe a HR-chatbot szervezeti elfogadásában
Authors: Harmat Vanda
Published: January 2025

A HR-chatbotok alkalmazása egyre népszerűbbé válik a szervezetek körében,
melynek sikeres implementálását jelentősen befolyásolja a munkavállalók
technológiaelfogadása. A témában született kutatások többsége a chatbot jellemzőinek kognitív értékelésére helyezi a hangsúlyt, azonban bizonyos tanulmányok az érzelmek szerepét is figyelembe veszik. Jelen cikk célja annak a vizsgálata, hogy milyen szerepet játszanak a HR-chatbot használata által generált
érzelmek a technológia elfogadásában. Kutatásunkat egy multinacionális vállalat hazai szervezeteiben végeztük, melynek keretében 16 félig-strukturált interjút készítettünk. Az adatfelétel a HR-szakemberek és az általános szervezeti
felhasználók körében történt. Az adatelemzést deduktív kódolással végeztük.
Kutatási eredményeinkből kiderült, hogy a HR-chatbot szervezeti elfogadását a
pozitív érzelmek, köztük az öröm, az elégedettség, a várakozás, az izgalom és az
élvezet mellett a félelem, a bizalmatlanság, a szomorúság, a frusztráció és a düh
is alakította.
A KKV-k HR-kihívásai - avagy mindenkiből lehet HR-es?
Authors: Verő Barbara
Published: January 2025

Az elkövetkezendő években a KKV-szektorra óriási figyelem hárul majd, mivel
a magyarországi cégek több mint 90%-át teszik ki és versenyképességük mes -
sze elmarad nyugati szomszédainkétól. A GDP-növekedés egyik és talán legnagyobb esélye ezeknek a cégeknek a fejlesztése. Köztudott tény, hogy a KKV-k
vezetői és HR-gyakorlatai nem hasonlíthatóak össze a nagyvállalati jógyakorlatokkal, a legtöbb szempontból elmaradnak azoktól. A humántőke fejlesztése
kulcsfontosságú lesz ezeknek a cégeknek felzárkóztatása szempontjából. De vajon van-e megfelelő HR-szakember állomány ma Magyarországon, akik a KKV-k
HR-gyakorlatait megfelelően fejleszteni tudják? Vannak-e elég jó vezetőink,
akik elvárják a HR-es kollégától a stratégiai szemléletet? Mit lehetne tenni a HRes és a vezetők fejlesztése érdekében?
Az emberi erőforrás közgazdasági elemzésének aktuális dilemmái
Authors: Balogh Ilona Ida
Published: January 2025

Ez a tanulmány az emberi erőforrás főbb gazdaságstatisztikai megjelenítéseit tekinti át Magyarország 2014 és 2023 közötti adatain szemléltetve. A gazdaságstatisztika legfontosabb nemzetközi ajánlásainak, a Nemzeti Számlák
Rendszerének (NSZR) egyik legnagyobb jelenlegi dilemmája a humán tőke tőkésítésének kérdése. Nem elhallgatva a tőkésítés nehézségeit és akadályait ez
a tanulmány amellett érvel, hogy a humán tőke, azaz az emberi erőforrás felhalmozott állományértékeit érdemes az NSZR-ben is kimutatni és a gazdasági
értékteremtés körforgásos modelljébe integráltan szerepeltetni, hiszen a már
régóta számított áramlás típusú statisztikák rendszerbe foglalt értékei azt sejtetik, hogy a GDP újratermelésében és növekedésében jelentős szerepet játszik
a jelenleg rendszeren kívülről bevont, a statisztikákban nem nyilvántartott emberi erőforrás.
Literatur Review : Analisa Penggunaan System Database Oracle Pada Sektor Manufactur
Authors: Yelis Yelis , Aryanti Ranti , Renaldi Daffa Azhari , Tampubolon Nicolas Matthew , Prastyo Yudi
Published: January 2025

Penggunaan sistem database berbasis Oracle telah menjadi kebutuhan strategis di sektor manufaktur dalam era transformasi digital dan globalisasi. Perusahaan manufaktur menghadapi tantangan pengelolaan data yang besar dan kompleks, sehingga diperlukan solusi teknologi yang andal dan efisien. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Oracle Database di sektor manufaktur, dengan menyoroti manfaat, tantangan, dan efektivitasnya dalam mendukung efisiensi operasional dan pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur yang mengacu pada berbagai jurnal, artikel, dan penelitian terdahulu yang relevan. Data dikumpulkan melalui penelusuran literatur daring dengan kata kunci seperti “Oracle Database”, “Manufaktur”, dan “Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Oracle Database mampu meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, mengurangi kesalahan data, dan mempercepat proses pengambilan keputusan. Alat seperti Oracle SQL Developer dan Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN), serta teknik seperti normalisasi dan replikasi data, memainkan peran penting dalam memastikan keandalan sistem. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah pentingnya perencanaan strategis dalam implementasi Oracle Database untuk mengatasi tantangan seperti biaya tinggi dan kebutuhan sumber daya manusia yang terampil. Artikel ini memberikan wawasan bagi perusahaan manufaktur yang ingin mengadopsi teknologi Oracle Database, sekaligus memberikan dasar untuk pengembangan penelitian di masa depan terkait integrasi teknologi database modern dalam sektor manufaktur.
The Role of Vaccines in Pneumonia Prevention in Kenya: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Walekhwa Michael , Shiundu Meshack , Suge Valerie
Published: January 2025

Pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Kenya, particularly among children under five years of age. Vaccination has been central to pneumonia prevention, with significant progress achieved by introducing key vaccines such as the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, and measles vaccine. Despite these advancements, the burden of pneumonia persists, and challenges such as vaccine coverage disparities, logistical barriers, vaccine hesitancy, and emerging threats like antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continue to impede progress. This article provides a comprehensive perspective on the current status of pneumonia vaccination in Kenya, highlighting progress, challenges, and actionable recommendations. The introduction of PCV-10 in 2011 and its subsequent rollout has led to a marked reduction in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumonia hospitalizations. Similarly, the Hib vaccine, integrated into the pentavalent vaccine, has significantly reduced Hib-related pneumonia and meningitis cases. However, disparities in vaccine access, particularly in rural and underserved areas, remain a critical issue. Limited cold chain infrastructure, insufficient healthcare personnel, and vaccine hesitancy fueled by misinformation contribute to suboptimal coverage. To address these challenges, we emphasize strengthening healthcare infrastructure, improving surveillance systems, and leveraging digital health technologies to enhance vaccine delivery and monitoring. Community engagement and education are critical strategies to address vaccine hesitancy and build public trust. The article also underscores the importance of integrating vaccination efforts with broader health programs, such as maternal and child health initiatives, to improve outcomes. Future directions include transitioning to updated vaccine formulations, expanding access to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines (PPSVs) for high-risk populations, and fostering local research to address emerging threats.
An Analysis of the Challenges Teacher Educators Face when Conducting Teaching Practice in Kenya
Authors: Sang Hellen Chelangat
Published: January 2025

To many, education is an equalizer; however, this research paper seeks to rephrase this common truism in the academic realm by emphasizing quality education. Undeniably, teachers are imperative players in the education sector in Kenya and other countries. However, practice is crucial in preparing future teachers by providing a practical classroom experience that bridges their theoretical gap and professionalism. It is from this fact that this study seeks to analyze the challenges faced by teacher educators while conducting their teaching practice in Kenya. The focus is on training trainee teachers at both primary and secondary levels. The methodology employed encompasses a desk review of relevant books, research papers, and reputable online and journal articles from renowned sources such as Google Scholar, Lexis Nexis, and other related platforms. The study’s key findings point out that logistical challenges, lack of standardization in practice, and limited institutional support and capacity building negatively affect teacher educators during teaching practice. This study shows an urgent need to institute systemic reforms in the Kenyan education sector and targeted reforms through policies and practices that will improve the situation. The implications of this study include but are not limited to providing practical solutions to policymakers and stakeholders in the education sector in Kenya to help improve the quality of teacher education and training in Kenya.
On the Issue of the Philosophical Heritage of Michel Montaigne (Based on the First Volume of M. Montaigne’s "Essays")
Authors: Vardanyan Rudik
Published: January 2025

Key words: Renaissance, Herzen, theory of culture, skepticism, ancient philosophy, ancient world, Eurocentrism, ethics

The political-legal, meaningful, moral and educational ideas presented in the works of M. Montaigne are perceived as a partial analysis of the Renaissance and a reflection of brilliant thoughts. However, on the other hand, contemporaries and great educators considered Montaigne one of the wise thinkers of the new era, whose legacy had a great influence on the critical thinking of subsequent centuries. It is not without reason that M. Gorky claimed that “Montaigne shakes hands with Voltaire through the centuries.” Montaigne began work on the Essays in 1570. The work was based on the marginal notes Montaigne had made in the books of a number of ancient writers since 1564. The first edition of the Essays was published in two volumes in 1580 in Bordeaux, the second – corrected and supplemented, in 1582. After the writer's death, Marie de Gournay prepared the third edition in 1595. The Essays had a huge influence on European culture. According to the words of one of the researchers, “Shakespeare is full of reminiscences from Montaigne; Pascal and Descartes argued with him, Voltaire defended him; Bacon, Gassendi, Malebranche, Bossuet, Bayle, Montesquieu, Diderot, Rousseau, La Mettrie, Pushkin, Herzen, Tolstoy wrote about him and referred to him polemically or approvingly.”