bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of innternal limiting membrane adhesion rate on the results of tractional diabetic macular edema surgery
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», 119021, Moscow, Russian Federation, Petrachkov D.V. , Alkharki L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», 119021, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shabalina K.N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», 119021, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is a technically complex manipulation that is performed during macular surgery. Experts'opinions vary on its necessity. Visual inspection during surgery does not always make it possible to assess the degree of ILM adhesion to the retina. The aimof the study was to evaluate the morphofunctional parameters of the macular zone after ILM peeling with different degree of adhesion in the long-term postoperative period. Material and methods. A study was conducted that included 119 patients with type 1 (65 (55%) and type 2 (54 (45%) diabetes mellitus with proliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and tractional diabetic macular edema (tDME). All patients underwent a standard three-port 25G vitrectomy with the use of an additional endo-luminaire «chandelier» and bimanual membrane peeling technique. During ILM peeling, all patients underwent intraoperative optical coherence tomography (I-OCT) in order to assess the degree of ILM adhesion to the retina. Before, 1 and 12 months after the operation, the determination of the maximum corrected visual acuity (MCVA), OCT of the macular zone with the measurement of the central retinal thickness (CRT) was performed. Results and discussion. 3 degrees of adhesion of ILM to the retina were identified with I-OCT during ILM peeling. The degree of ILM adhesion in fovea significantly correlated with the development of a retinal defect in its central area. The development of retinal central zone atrophy showed a significant correlation with a decrease in MCVA 12 months after surgery and with the degree of ILM adhesion to the retina in patients with both types of DM. Conclusions. According to the results of this study, a significant correlation was shown between the degree of ILM adhesion to the retina determined by I-OCT and the risk of macular atrophy, which in turn is associated with low visual functions of patients after tDME surgery with ILM peeling. The resulting principle can be used in surgery of other vitreomacular interface pathologies. Keywords: vitreomacular interface, epiretinal membrane, diabetic macular edema, tractional diabetic macular edema, intraoperative optical coherence tomography, vitreoretinal surgery, proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Long-term results of the use of viscodissection with contrast in surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Moscow, Russian Federation, Petrachkov D.V. , Baryshev K.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Moscow, Russian Federation, Matyushchenko A.G. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Moscow, Russian Federation, Sidamonidze A.L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Moscow, Russian Federation, Filippov V.M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To evaluate long-term results of surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy using contrast-enhanced viscodissection. Material and methods.The study involved 30 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and PDR with traction retinal detachment (TRD). All patients were divided into two groups. In the main group, viscodissection with contrast was performed; in the control group, segmentation and membrane removal were performed using a vitreotome and endovitreal forceps. The observation period was 12 months. Results. During dynamic observation, all patients showed a positive dynamics of morphofunctional parameters. In patients of the control group, in the vast majority of cases, it was necessary to resort to tamponade with silicone oil (60%) or gasair mixture (33%), while in the main group, the main postoperative media were sterile BSS solution (73%) and gas-air mixture (27%). 60% of patients in the control group required a reoperation to remove silicone oil. In patients of the control group in the late postoperative period, IOP values were significantly higher (main group 14.3 ± 1.1; control group 18.7 ± 1.5; p < 0.05), and late postoperative vitreous hemorrhage developed more often (2.3 ± 0.5 in the main group, 4.1 ± 0.6 in the control group; p < 0.05). Conclusion. In the long-term follow-up, the use of this method reduces the need for repeated endovitreal intervention, reduces the risk of developing late postoperative vitreous hemorrhage, and has a positive effect on IOP by reducing the need for endotamponade with silicone oil. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, vitreoretinal surgery, contrastenhanced viscodissection
Anterior chamber angle plasty in patients with secondary glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery
Authors:   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fayzrakhmanov R.R. ,   Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kalinin M.E. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pavlovskiy O.A. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karpov G.О. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bosov E.D. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

At present, with the likelihood of vitreoretinal surgery, a factor of increased intraocular pressure has emerged in the postoperative period and has become widespread as a potential risk factor for damage to the optic nerve. Sequelae of secondary glaucoma leading to loss of visual fields often occur. An analysis was made of the surgical treatment of 21 patients (21 eyes) with secondary glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery using anterior anterior chamber plasty in order to assess efficacy and safety. Keywords: glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, surgical treatment of glaucoma, silicone oil
Prismatic correction of residual or recurrent strabismus
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia, Gladysheva G. , Plisov I. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Recurrent strabismus is a common issue after operations because of heterotrophy. Many scientific works have examined clinical parameters that may predispose to relapse of esotropia after surgery, including poor sensory status, high ratio of accommodative convergence to accommodation, uncorrected farsightedness or combination of these factors. Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of prismatic correction of recurrent esotropia in patients after the first stage of surgical treatment. Material and methods. The study group included 24 patients. They were divided into two groups in depends on the postoperative functional treatment. 1st group consisted of 12 patients with partially accommodative esotropia aged 5 to 8 years (6,48 ± 1,12 years) with average hypermetropic refraction +3,10 ± 0,54 diopters. This group of patients was assigned prismatic correction after a relapse of esotropia. 2st group consisted of 12 patients with partially accommodative esotropia aged 5 to 8 years (6,22 ± 1,29 years) with average hypermetropic refraction +3,13 ± 0,61 diopters. This group of patients was assigned orthoptic treatment after a relapse of esotropia. Results. Prismatic correction contributed to recovery binocular vision at 75 % of patients with recurrent esotropia ≤ 20 PD, in the comparison group (orthoptic treatment) – at 50 %. Moreover, the number of patients with stereopsis in the group «EFP» after the treatment was higher than in the group «Synoptophore» (p < 0,05). Conclusion. Prismatic correction ensures optimal motor status while maintaining sufficient sensory balance in most patients with recurrent esotropia after performing recession rectus medialis in combination with median duplication m. rectus lateralis. Keywords: Recurrent strabismus, binocular vision, elastic Frensel prism
Effectiveness of regular courses of treatment for acquired myopia usingthe device «Visotronic Mini» in school conditions
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Izhevsk State Medical Academy» of the Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Zakieva A.N. , Terekhina D.I. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Izhevsk State Medical Academy» of the Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To study the effectiveness and features of interval courses of treatment for acquired myopia in school conditions using the device «Visotronic Mini». Material and methods. 25 children (50 eyes) were followed up, their average age was 11.16 ± 1.1 years. Among them were 12 boys and 13 girls who underwent 4 courses of optical kinesiotherapy using the device «Visotronic Mini». The interval between treatment courses averaged 6 months. The ophthalmological examination included questionnaires, visometry, ophthalmoscopy, skiascopy, determination of subjective refraction, the margin of relative accommodation (MRA) by the Avetisov method, and the study of binocular stability of visual perception (SVP) to hyperopic retinal defocus (HRD). Results. Interval courses of treatment contributed to the improvement of visual acuity by an average of 0.09 from 0.61 ± 0.25 to 0.7 ± 0.28 (P < 0.001) and to the reduction of refraction by an average of (–) 0.18 dptr from (–) 0.87 ± 0.56 dptr to (–) 0.69 ± 0.65 dptr (P < 0.001). MRA increased by an average of 2.84 dptr from 5.36 ± 2.28 dptr to 8.2 ± 2.18 dptr (P < 0.01). The total visual resolution increased by 254 % in the far-vision mode and by 168 % in the close-vision mode. At the same time, the proportionality coefficient decreased from 1.42 to 1.18. Conclusion. Four courses of optical kinesiotherapy using the device «Visotronic Mini» in school conditions significantly increased the efficiency of the accommodation and vergence apparatus of the eye. A marked decrease in the proportionality coefficient against the background of high functional characteristic sindicates a significant steady improvement in the elastic properties of the sclera and the adaptive resource of the eye as a whole. Keywords: myopia, device«Visotronic Mini», adaptive resource
Efficacy of subconjunctival injections of triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of chronic recurrent episcleritis refractory to standard therapy
Authors:   «Alpha Med Plus» LLC (St. Petersburg), Chernov G.N.
Published: June 2023

Aim. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the treatment of chronic recurrent episcleritis, not amenable to the standard treatment regimen, by subconjunctival injections of triamcinolone acetonide. Material and methods. Three patients with recurrent episcleritis, low efficacy of treatment with local steroid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and a disease duration of more than 6 months were under observation. All were injected with a prepared solution of triamcinolone acetonide (diluted 1:1 with physiological solution 0.9%) subconjunctivally, once according to the original method. No other drugs were prescribed. A comprehensive examination and assessment of the functions of the visual analyzer was carried out before and after the administration of the drug on the 3rd, 7th, 21st days, 3, 6 months. Results. All patients achieved a pronounced clinical effect and there were no relapses throughout the entire observation period. Conclusion. Subconjunctival injections of triamcinolone acetonide proved to be effective and safe in the treatment of episcleritis resistant to the standard treatment regimen. Side effects of the drug (complicated posterior subcapsular cataract, persistent ophthalmohypertension, etc.) were not detected with this method of treatment. Keywords: episcleritis, long-acting glucocorticosteroids, triamcinolone, triamcinolone acetonide, subconjunctival injection
Efficacy of intrastromal corneal ring segments in the treatment of keratoconus with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism
Authors:   N'yu Vizhn LLC, Krasnodar, Volik S.A. , Kren S.V. ,   N'yu Vizhn LLC, Krasnodar, Khalilov A.N. ,   N'yu Vizhn LLC, Krasnodar
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segments ICRS (IRS NEP MNTC) in patients with keratoconus with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism. Material and methods. 14 patients (16 eyes) with keratoconus stage II–III with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism were evaluated before and after ICRS (IRS NEP MNTC). The tunnels for ICRS implantation were created with a femtosecond laser. ICRSThe effectiveness was assessed on the basis of an increase in uncorrected and corrected visual acuity in the postoperative period, as well as the absence of keratectasia progression in the period from 10 to 18 months after ICRS implantation. Results. All ICRS were implanted in 16 eyes without intra and postoperative complications. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) increased from 0.16 ± 0.12 preoperatively to 0.54 ± 0.24 at the 6th month of postoperative follow-up. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) increased from 0.38 ± 0.2 to 0.72 ± 0.34 at the 6th month of postoperative follow-up. The refractive index decreased from preoperative mean –3.56 ± 2.4 D to –2.02 ± 1.4D at the 6th month of postoperative follow-up. The average maximum value of the K index decreased from the preoperative 54.60 ± 3.25 D (in the range from 46.25 to 64.50 D) to the 6-month postoperative value of 45.54 ± 2.72D. Conclusions. The implantation of OCRS in eyes with keratoconus stage II-III with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism is an effective and safe method of increasing visual acuity and reducing refractive errors. Keywords: keratoconus, intrastromal corneal ring segments
Efficiency of subthreshold micropulse laser exposure in post-thrombotic retinopathy
Authors:   Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of eye microsurgery, Makhmudova Z.A. , Yusupov A.F. ,   Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of eye microsurgery, Djamalova S.A. ,   Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of eye microsurgery
Published: June 2023

Purposeof the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the combined treatment of post-thrombotic retinopathy (PTR) with the inclusion of the method of subthreshold micropulse laser exposure using a 577 nm yellow diode laser. Material and methods. 28 patients (39 eyes) with PTR were under observation. The patients were divided into 2 groups: in group 1 (n = 14, 20 eyes), patients received combined treatment with antiVEGF therapy and subthreshold micropulse laser exposure; in group 2 (n = 14, 19 eyes), patients were treated only with antiVEGF therapy. Results. As a result of the treatment, a significant increase in the average value of maximally corrected visual acuity was recorded in both groups. According to OCT data, a significant decrease in the height of macular edema was determined. At the same time, the average retinal thickness in the central zone in group 1 was significantly lower than in group 2. Conclusion. Combined treatment that combines antiVEGF therapy and subthreshold micropulse laser exposure is a fairly effective and safe method in cases of macular edema in post-thrombotic retinopathy. Keywords: post-thrombotic retinopathy, macular edema, subthreshold micropulse laser exposure
Comparative analysis of methods for the treatment of chronic ischemic retinopathy associated with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the internal carotid artery
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Tuzlaev V.V. , Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Vasiliev A.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Breev D.V. ,   Federal Center Cardiovascular Surgery Federal State Budgetary Institution, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Evaluation of the effectiveness of methods for the treatment of chronic ischemic retinopathy associated with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA). Material and methods. 40 patients were included in the research (25 men, 15 women) with grade 3 chronic ischemic retinopathy (CIR) aged 61 to 75 years (average 73 ± 6.2). Depending on the treatment, the patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group 20 people who received combined treatment. The 1st stage was laser coagulation of retinal nonperfusion zones. Then, after 2 weeks, during the 2nd stage carotid endarterectomy (CE) of the ICA was performed. The 2nd group 20 people who underwent CE ICA. In addition to standard research methods, Doppler ultrasound was performed (Logiqe, General Electric, USA). Results. The use of a staged approach to the treatment of severe CIR led to an improvement in functional parameters and reduced the period of rehabilitation of patients after the treatment by 2 times. Conclusion. The technology of staged treatment of CIR proposed by us makes it possible to stop the progression of retinal ischemia, to avoid the occurrence of complications that lead to loss of vision. Keywords: chronic ischemic retinopathy, panretinal laser coagulation of the retina, ocular ischemic syndrome, internal carotid artery
Morphometric changes of the lens after endovitreal interventions
Authors:   Krasnov research institute of eye diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation, Alkharki L. , Matyushchenko A.G. ,   Krasnov research institute of eye diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation, Al Mahdar Y. M. ,   Krasnov research institute of eye diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

To date, the number of endovitreal interventions (EVI) is steadily increasing every year, and with them the understanding of the most common negative effects of these manipulations on some structures of the eye. One of the most common complications of EVI is the formation of cataracts. The aim of the study was to identify morphometric changes in the lens and the depth of the anterior chamber of the eye after EVI. The 1st study group consisted of patients after vitrectomy with tamponade of the vitreal cavity with sterile BSS solution, the 2nd group included patients after intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF drugs. We have not recorded significantly significant changes in the studied parameters, which allowed us to conclude that there is no significant effect of some types of EVI on the rate of cataractogenesis. Keywords: cataract, vitrectomy, lens
Dependence of clinical signs of paralytic lagophthalmos on level and duration of facial palsy
Authors:   Treatment and Diagnostics center of Eye Microsurgery Clinic “Okulist», Novosibirsk, Afanasyeva D.S. , Gushchina M.B. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Tereshchenko A.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga
Published: June 2023

The path of the facial nerve is associated with multiple nerves, bones and soft tissues, including n. trigeminus, n. intermedius, petrosal bone and parotid gland. Due to this fact, facial palsy results not only in lagophthalmos but also in dysfunction of tear production and even vision lost in some cases. The aim of the study is to compare clinical signs of lagophthalmos in patients with various levels and duration of facial palsy. We analyzed 120 cases of lagophthalmos in patients aged 5–90 y.o. with duration of facial palsy from 2 month to 90 years. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the level of nerve damage: 1 – in the cerebral part of the nerve, 2 – in petrosal bone, 3 – in the area of parotid gland, and 4 – indefinite. The light forms of keratopathy were dominant in all of the groups (72.5 %). There was a very weak correlation between the duration of facial palsy and margin to the low limb distance (r = 0.190; p < 0.05). The width of the eye fissure was significantly different between 1st and 3rd groups (p = 0.019), 1st and 4th groups (p = 0.042), 2nd и 3rd (p = 0.038), 2nd and 4th (p = 0.043). Although the results of Schirmer 1 tests was significantly different only between 1st and 3rd groups (p < 0.001). Severity of clinical signs in paralytic lagophthalmos depends in most on the level of facial nerve damage and can be due to concurrent damage of n. trigeminus. The duration of the facial palsy and involvement of n. intermedius do not play any significant role. Keywords: n. facialis, n. trigeminus, n. intermedius, neurotrophic keratopathy, exposure keratopathy, exposure keratitis
Dysfunction of the meibomian glands in children with certain types of chronic dermatoses
Authors:   FSBEI HE SPbGPMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia. 194100, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Bobryshev V.A. , Brzheskiy V.V. ,   FSBEI HE SPbGPMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia. 194100, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zaslavsky D.V. ,   FSBEI HE SPbGPMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia. 194100, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

In order to investigate the possible presence and features of the clinical course of dry eye syndrome (DES) in children of various ages with certain types of chronic dermatoses, 65 patients aged 4 to 17 years were examined. The criteria for their inclusion in the study were the presence of a verified diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (in the acute stage) (48 children) or ichthyosis (vulgar and congenital) (17 children). All were examined for the severity of subjective discomfort, the condition of the ocular surface, the production and stability of the pre-corneal tear film. The results obtained indicate the presence of clinical and functional signs of DES (mainly due to dysfunction of the meibomian glands) in 31 children (64.6%) with atopic dermatitis and 14 (82.4%) with ichthyosis. At the same time, in children with the studied types of chronic dermatoses, DES occurred mainly in mild and moderate forms. It is advisable to conduct an examination of patients with other forms of chronic dermatoses in order to identify and treat their meibomian gland dysfunction and the associated dry eye syndrome. Keywords: dysfunction of the meibomian glands, dry eye syndrome, chronic dermatoses, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis
Study of preoperative symmetry of distance «lens equator – ciliary processes» in patients with combination of senile cataract with clinical manifestations of involutional connective tissue dysplasia
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Burya R.A. , Belonozhenko Y.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Study of state of the Zonule of Zinn in patients with combination senile cataract with systemic involutional connective tissue dysplasia. Material and methods. 97 patients (97 eyes) – combination senile cataract with involutional pathology in connective tissue (the main group). 1st subgroup: 31 patients with kyphoscoliotic deformity of the 3d and 4th degree (classification by V.D. Chaklin (1973)); 2nd subgroup – 66 patients with chronic venous insufficiency 2nd and 3d degree (the CEAP classification) against the background of varicose veins of the lower extremity. Patients of both subgroups were comparable in terms of cataract stages and nuclear cataract lens density in Buratto classification. The control group – 55 patients (55 eyes) similar sex and age with senile cataracts without involutional connective tissue pathology. We estimated the symmetry of distance «lens equator – ciliary processes» in 2 meridians: at 6 and 12 hours. The presence of asymmetry of 0.3 mm or more was sign of weak zonular support (according to ultrasonic biomicroscopy). Results. In the control group, the distance was 0.3 mm in 3 eyes (5%), with intraoperative formation of folds in the anterior capsule. In 10 eyes of the 1st subgroup of the main group (32%), the presence of distance asymmetry was revealed: intraoperative, signs of subluxation of the lens of the 1st degree were detected in 7 eyes. In the 2nd subgroup of the main group, distance asymmetry was detected in 24 eyes (37%). Folded anterior lens capsule was determined intraoperative in 14 eyes (21%) during anterior capsulorhexis and lens mobility during nucleus emulsification. Conclusion. A statistically significant difference in frequency of asymmetries of distances «lens equator – ciliary processes» in 2 opposite meridians was revealed between groups of patients with senile cataract against the background of systemic somatic involutional pathology of connective tissue and without it (35% vs. 5%; p < 0.01). Keywords: senile cataract, Zonule of Zinn, involutional changes in connective tissue, ultrasound biomicroscopy
Algorithm for the diagnosis of keratoectasias developed after refractive surgery
Authors:   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Kamilov H.M. , Kasymova M.S. ,   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Khamraeva G.H. ,   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Ismailova D.F. ,   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology,   «Kontakt linzalar LLC», Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Published: June 2023

Purpose. On the basis of modern methods of clinical examination to develop an optimal diagnostic algorithm for early detection of keratoectasia. Material and methods. We observed 73 patients (110 eyes) with keratoectasia developed after refractive surgery. The age of the patients ranged from 22 to 64 years, of which 36 were women and 37 were men. All patients underwent general ophthalmological and special research methods. Results. Keratotopography of patients with keratectasia revealed thinning in the central part of the cornea, an increase in the posterior surface of the cornea was found in the posterior elevation map, and the curvature of the cornea averaged 42.8 dpt. In keratoectasia, the average loss of endothelial cells was 65 % of the norm, while the average density of endothelial cells was 1189 ± 91.9 cells/mm², with a norm of 2863.7 ± 54.29 cells/ mm². This is 58.5 % lower than normal. Conclusions. Early application of endothelial microscopy, keratotopography, optical coherence tomography allows to assess the condition of the cornea and take the necessary measures in the early stages of keratectasia developed after refractive surgery. Keywords: cornea, iatrogenic keratoectasia, keratoconus, endothelial microscopy, keratotopography, optical coherence tomography
Search causes of detachment of neuroepithelium in order to make correct diagnosis in patients with pathology of macular area
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kirson A.E. , Pomytkina N.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To assess the difficulties of finding out true cause of detachment of neuroepithelium in patients with various retinal pathologies. Material and methods. 3 patients (3 eyes) aged 51 to 59 years with complaints of sensation of a “spot» in front of the eye, decreased vision and metamorphopsia. The best corrected visual acuity ranged from 0.4 to 0.5. Rounded local prominating lesion – zones of local detachment of neuroepithelium, zones of local atrophy or defects in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were determined in all 3 eyes in the posterior pole of the eye. Results. According to results of optical coherence tomography (OCT), all 3 eyes had local serous detachment of neuroepithelium from 250 to 270 µm, local inclusions characterized by hyperreflective and heterogeneous RPE layer, episodically located in its layers hyperreflective areas with point breach in the Bruch membrane (“hard» drusen). Irregular RPE elevations (“wavy pattern») with its local fibrovascular detachment were determined. According to the results of OCT angiography, hyperreflective zones of the presence of a neovascular network in the layer of choriocapillaries under the areas of fibrovascular detachment of RPE, coinciding with zones of hyperautofluorescence, were revealed in all 3 eyes. In paired eyes of all 3 patients, “hard» retinal drusen in the macular zone were detected. Conclusions. 1. All 3 eyes were diagnosed with the wet form agerelated macular degeneration due to: their belonging to the older age group, low corrected visual acuity, the presence of complaints of metamorphopsia, irregular elevation and local fibrovascular detachment of RPE, the presence of local hyperautofluorescence, and presence of drusen on the double eye. 2. The use of OCT angiography makes it possible to differentiate between central serous chorioretinopathy and age-related macular degeneration by detecting choroidal neovascularization. Keywords: central serous chorioretinopathy, wet AMD, detachment of neuroepithelium
Frequency and clinical characteristics of epiretinal membranes in diabetic retinopathy
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Malyutin I.I. , Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Khudyakov A.Y. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Mashchenko N.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. The study of the frequency and clinical varieties of epiretinal fibrosis (ERF) in the macula in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Material and methods. Clinical material: 90 patients with DR (90 eyes). 29 eyes had nonproliferative DR, 31 eyes had preproliferative DR, and 30 eyes had proliferative DR. Optical coherence tomography of the macular zone of the retina was performed using the CIRRUS HD-OCT MODEL 500 device. The presence and characteristics of ERF were assessed. Results. The presence of ERF was found in 65 eyes (72.2%). With nonproliferative DR it was found in 10 eyes (32.2%), within the parafoveal zone. At the preproliferative stage of DR – in 25 eyes (80.6%), in the macula – in 16 eyes, in 9 cases – outside the vascular arcades. In proliferative DR, ERF occurred in all 30 eyes (100%). In 15 eyes – ERF without vascularization, in 10 eyes ERF captured the macula and vascular arcades. There were both planar and traction variants (49 and 16 eyes, respectively). Its fixation was the most common in the fovea zone (7 eyes). ERF vascularization was observed in 10 eyes with a pronounced stage of proliferative DR (of these, in 7 cases vascularized ERF was localized in the macular area, in 3 eyes it was localized in the area of vascular arcades). Conclusion. The presence of ERF was detected in the majority of patients with DR of various stages (72.2%), with a traction component it was found in 16 eyes. With the aggravation of the stage of DR, an increase in the frequency of ERF was noted. ERF, as a rule, captured the foveal region, it was characterized by a different area of coverage of the parafovea in cases of accessible visualization of the ocular fundus. Keywords: epiretinal fibrosis, diabetic retinopathy, macula
A new approach in predicting the functional outcome in the treatment of patients with a full-thickness macular hole
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg. Russia, Popov E.M. , Kulikov A.N. ,   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg. Russia
Published: June 2023

Aim. To study the relationship of the characteristics of the preservation of the sensorineural retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT) with functional recovery in the surgical treatment of full thickness macular hole (FTHM). Materials and methods. This study included 89 patients (95 eyes) with an average age of 67.2 ± 9.6 years, having complete postoperative anatomical closure of the FTMH. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examination and OCT before surgical treatment. On cross-sectional and en face images, the area and reflexivity of the neurosensory retina tissue at the edges of the gap and the reflexivity of the RPE in the projection of the gap were evaluated. 12 months after surgical treatment, the correlation between the initial indicators of retinal tissue preservation and functional recovery was evaluated. Results. The final best-corrected visual acuity showed a statistically significant correlation with baseline best-corrected visual acuity (r = 0.75, p < 0.001), reflectivity of RPE (r = 0.91, p < 0.001), reflectivity of neurosensory retina (r = – 0.85, p < 0.001), and its area (r = 0.83, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Indicators of retinal tissue preservation, such as the area and reflexivity of the neurosensory retina tissue and the reflexivity of the RPE, correlate with functional recovery after FTMH surgery. Keywords: full-thickness macular hole, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography
Biomarkers of visual ischemia as predictors of ischemic brain stroke
Authors:   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khamraeva G.K. , Kamilov K.М. ,   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Kasimova M.S. ,   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Hakimova G.K. ,   Center for the Development of Professional Qualification of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To study biomarkers of ischemia of the organ of vision in patients with acute disorders of the arterial circulation of the retina and optic nerve. Material and methods. We observed 38 patients (38 eyes). The patients were divided into two groups, the first group consisted of 26 patients (26 eyes) with acute circulatory disorders of the optic nerve (anterior ischemic neuropathy), the second group consisted of 12 patients (12 eyes) with acute circulatory disorders of the retina (occlusion of the central artery retina and its branches). The control group consisted of 12 practically healthy individuals. Results. In a biochemical study in patients with anterior ischemic neuropathy (1st group), the level of NSE in the lacrimal fluid was increased compared to the control group and averaged 32.3 ± 0.85 ng/ml, although in the blood serum it remained within the normal range , which reflects the beginning of destructive processes in the nervous tissue. In patients with acute circulatory disorders of the retina (2nd group), the content of NSE in the lacrimal fluid was increased by 1.7 times compared with the control group. Conclusion. The NSE study can be used in a comprehensive examination of patients with acute circulatory disorders of the optic disc and retina as an additional marker of the neurodegenerative process. Since data from traditional methods of research do not always show the degree of damage to the visual pathways, the study of the level of NSE helps to make assumptions about the severity of the disease and predict the outcome. Keywords: visual organ ischemia, occlusion, anterior ischemic neuropathy, central retinal artery, diagnostics, NSE protein
Results of a clinical study of patients with foreign bodies of the anterior eye
Authors:   Center for the Development of Professional Qualifications of Medical Workers, Department of Ophthalmology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khudoiberganov A.R.
Published: June 2023

The eye is a very complex and delicate organ, but under adverse conditions and without appropriate preventive measures, it is susceptible to damage that can lead to a sharp decrease in vision, partial or complete blindness. In 2021–2022, 197,773 patients with injuries of the organ of vision were diagnosed in the Republic of Uzbekistan, of which 117,605 patients were diagnosed with foreign bodies of the cornea and conjunctiva, which amounted to 59.46%. Clinical analysis of the condition of these patients is important in the prevention of injuries of the organ of vision. Purpose. Determine the main risk factors for non-penetrating eye injuries with foreign bodies. Material and methods. In 2021–2022, 823 patients turned to the Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital with foreign bodies in the cornea and conjunctiva while working with an angle grinder, or “grinder”. Results. 99.51% of patients were male. Of these, 325 were between the ages of 19 and 30, reflecting the medical, social and economic significance of the problem. In the majority of patients with foreign bodies of the cornea and conjunctiva, the contributing factors to the occurrence of damage were the non-use of goggles by workers during work and poor control by workers of the rules of individual and collective eye protection measures. Conclusion. It can be seen from the results of the analysis that the majority of patients with foreign bodies of the anterior part of the eye are people of working age who use an angle grinder. Metal shavings got into the eyes due to non-compliance with technical safety rules. In order to prevent such injuries, it is necessary to create safe working conditions and conduct explanatory work with employees. Keywords: ophthalmology, emergency ophthalmic care, injuries of the organ of vision, foreign body of the eye, angle grinder.
Еvaluation of spatial contrast sensitivity in the diagnosis of computer visual syndrome in device users (data from the pilot study)
Authors:   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education «Bashkir State Medical University» Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa, Russia., Khusniyarova A.R. , Shaikhutdinova E.F. ,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education «Bashkir State Medical University» Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa, Russia.
Published: June 2023

In the modern world, there is an increase in the severity of computer vision syndrome (CVS) when using digital devices. Despite numerous studies of ophthalmic symptoms of CVS, neuro-ophthalmic manifestations remain poorly understood. Evaluation of spatial contrast sensitivity (SCS) indicators can be relevant and informative in identifying functional changes in the visual system when using devices. A pilot study was conducted with the participation of 15 healthy people. The subjects were assessed the SCS in the process of habitual activity in a personal device, which was considered a visual load using the author's program «Visocontrastometry» after 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes of use. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the nonparametric Mann – Whitney test was used to test for significance. According to the data obtained, in all time intervals, there is a decrease in SCS at the experimental stage compared with the control indicators of SCS. A statistically significant difference is observed 15 minutes after the visual load at a spatial frequency of 1.0 cycle/deg in the blue color range (p ≤ 0.05). The method for assessing the SCS has shown its adequacy for studying the neuro-ophthalmological aspects of CVS. Keywords: сomputer vision syndrome, contrast sensitivity, device
Analysis of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of malignant glaucoma
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Danzandorzhieva D.B. , Trofimov A.A. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Grigorichev V.I. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Iureva T.N. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education,   Irkutsk Branch of S. Fyodorov “Eye Microsurgery” Federal State Institution, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To analyze the types of treatment of malignant glaucoma and their effectiveness using clinical examples. Material and methods. 3 patients with malignant glaucoma were included, with a history of phacoemulsification with implantation of an intraocular lens at different times. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including visometry, tonometry, biometry, ultrasound B-scan, biomicroscopy, and surgical treatment of malignant glaucoma, consisting of posterior closed vitrectomy 25 G, iridectomy and capsulotomy. Results. All cases resulted in a favorable outcome after the treatment. Conclusion. The study proved that an effective surgical treatment patients diagnosed with malignant glaucoma, after cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation, is to perform a posterior closed vitrectomy 25 G with iridectomy and capsulotomy. Keywords: malignant glaucoma, a posterior closed vitrectomy
Staged plastic and reconstructive surgery of lower eyelid defect after the excision of basal cell carcinoma
Authors:   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Makarova I.A.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Evaluation of the effectiveness of multi-staged plastic and reconstructive rehabilitation of the patient with a large lower eyelid defect after the excision of basal cell carcinoma. Material and methods. The patient L., 75 years old, was treated with postoperative coloboma of the lower eyelid, lagophthalmos of the right eye after removal of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma, applied to the S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution in Moscow. She underwent a multi-stage reconstructive plastic treatment in order to restore the anatomy and function of the lower eyelid, eliminate the cosmetic defect. Results and discussion. As a result of the first surgical stage, we were able to restore the skin defect using a free skin flap from the upper eyelid of the left eye. The second stage of treatment allowed us to restore the function of the lower eyelid by eliminating the artificial ankyloblepharone created earlier. The consequence of performing the following stages of surgery was the filling of the lack of the mucous membrane of the lower eyelid, the creation of the correct ratio and position of the cutaneous and conjunctival layers of the eyelid, the elimination of lagophthalmos and the restoration of anatomical and functional characteristics of the eyelid. Conclusion. As a result of multi-stage surgical treatment, the anatomical and functional integrity of the lower eyelid was achieved, prevented the loss of visual functions, achieved a satisfactory cosmetic effect, and also improved the patient's quality of life. Keywords: basal cell carcinoma, lower eyelid, staged plastic and reconstructive surgery
Intraocular lens implantation in traumatic cataract: terms and prospects
Authors:   Eye clinic of Almaty «OCUMED», Mamutova G.В.
Published: June 2023

A prospective randomized clinical trial included 30 patients (60 eyes) with traumatic cataract after open eye injury. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the time of the operation. The first (n = 15, 30 eyes) was an early operation (1–3 days after the injury). The second (n = 15, 30 eyes) is a late operation (6 or more days after the injury). Research methods – measurement of visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), assessment of inflammation of the anterior chamber, position of the intraocular lens (IOL), etc. The study period was 1, 3, and 6 weeks after surgical treatment. It was revealed that visual acuity with the best correction was noted 6 weeks after the early operation. Also in the group of early cataract surgery, the frequency of postoperative complications (rupture of the posterior capsule, increased IOP, inflammation of the anterior chamber, IOL opacity, posterior synechia, IOL subluxation and pigment deposition on the IOL) was significantly lower than in the late surgery group (p < 0.05). It is recommended to perform cataract surgery and IOL implantation after open eye injuries at an early stage. Keywords: surgery, traumatic cataract, vision, intraocular lens implantation
Correction of neurodegenerative retinal damage with dimethylaminoethanol derivatives
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Pobeda A.S.
Published: June 2023

Glaucoma occupies a leading place among the pathologies of the eye, leading to irreversible consequences. Many researchers assign glutamate excitotoxicity a key role in retinal neurodegeneration. This allows us to consider the model of NMDA-induced retinal degeneration as one of the main ones in experimental studies aimed at studying the neuroprotective properties of compounds. We have studied the pharmacological activity of dimethylaminoethanol derivatives in the model of NMDA-induced retinal excitotoxicity. 7 days after the modeling of the pathology, ophthalmoscopic changes in the fundus and the level of microcirculation were assessed. According to the results of the study, it was found that the compound under the laboratory code DMAE 10-19 had the highest activity. The introduction of the compound provided an improvement in the picture of the fundus by 24.4 %, relative to the group with a pathology model, which is a significant difference (p < 0.05). And also there was an increase in the level of microcirculation in the retina, up to 625.4 p.u., which is 37.6 % higher than in the group with the pathology model (p < 0.05). Thus, it was found that the compound under the laboratory code DMAE 10-19 has the highest pharmacological activity, which is characterized by an improvement in the fundus picture and an increase in the level of microcirculation in the retina. Keywords: dimethylaminoethanol derivatives, NMDA, excitotoxicity, retina, rats, the level of microcirculation, ophthalmoscopy