bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBAIKAN SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG INTAN DI CEMPAKA DENGAN METODE COMPOSTING BERBAHAN DASAR SAMPAH ORGANIK PASAR
Authors: Irnada Siti Ayu , Mahyudin Rizqi Puteri , Firmansyah Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi suhu, pH dan kelembapan pada bioremediasi metode composting, mengidentifikasi perubahan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah bekas tambang intan sebelum dan sesudah proses composting juga mengidentifikasi komposisi terbaik pada composting berbahan dasar sampah organik pasar sistem open windrow. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dimaksud yaitu A  (100% tanah) sebagai kontrol, B (25% tanah : 75% kompos), C (50% tanah : 50% kompos), D (75% tanah : 25% kompos). Hasil penelitian suhu, pH dan kelembapan keempat perlakuan selama proses bioremediasi dengan metode composting mengalami fluktuasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji T terdapat perbedaan nilai C-organik, N-total, Rasio C/N, KTK serta warna sebelum dan sesudah proses composting. Hasil Uji LSD 5% variasi komposisi terbaik yang mampu memperbaiki kualitas tanah tambang adalah variasi komposisi 25% tanah : 75% kompos.  Kata kunci: composting, C-organik, N-total, KTK, warna tanah. The purpose of this research is to identify the conditions of temperature, pH and moisture in composting method of bioremediation, identify changes in physical and chemical properties of diamonds before and after the composting process and also identify the best composition on composting made from market organic waste of the open windrow system. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment referred to is A (100% soil) as control, B (25% soil: 75% compost), C (50% soil: 50% compost), D (75% soil: 25% compost) with the weight of each one treatment / 40 kg stack and 30 cm stack height. The results of the research of temperature, pH and moisture of the four treatments during the bioremediation process by composting method are fluctuated. Based on the results of the T test there are differences in the value of C-organic, N-total, C / N ratio, CEC and soil color before and after the composting process. LSD 5% test results of the best composition variations that can improve the quality of mine soil is a variation of the composition of 25% soil: 75% compost. Keywords: CEC, composting, organic C, soil color, total N.
MALANDRO É MALANDRO, MANÉ É MANÉ”: NUANCES DA MALANDRAGEM EM ROQUE SANTEIRO
Authors: Aparecido Ribeiro Rondinele
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho tece considerações acerca da configuração do personagem protagonista da telenovela Roque Santeiro. Por meio da Literatura Comparada, o estudo estabelece um contraponto com a representação do personagem na peça O Berço do Herói, sobretudo pelas refrações sofridas pelo protagonista representado na telenovela com traços típicos da malandragem.
AOS OLHOS DE JUDAS: FOTOGRAFIA E MEMÓRIA NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Zouein Maurício Elias
Published: November 2021

A pretensão em nosso trabalho se traduz no entendimento da capacidade que a imagem possui sobre nossos sentidos. Entendemos que a imagem apresenta a si mesma e representa o fato, o tempo histórico. Nos propomos a elaborar, com base na semiótica peirceana, um método de análise/ interpretação das imagens. Mostramos a necessidade em se conhecer onde e quando a imagem foi produzida e consequentemente o objeto, sujeito e ou evento representado. Caso contrário o método criado evidenciaria apenas a crença nos elementos empáticos expostos entre as margens indiscretas de quadros, fotografias ou telas. Nosso método exibe a verossimilhança, impregnada na imagem – seja benção ou maldição – como signo contrastante com o tempo histórico.
Tecnotest: Desarrollo de una herramienta de screening de adicciones tecnológicas y juego
Authors: Marcos Marta , Chóliz Mariano
Published: November 2021

Una de las demandas sociales y científicas más acuciantes, que se plasma en las actuales líneas prioritarias del Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (PNSD) es el desarrollo de herramientas de screening para la detección temprana de adicciones, singularmente adicciones sin sustancia, debido al impacto que estas están teniendo en el desarrollo de adicciones desde hace unos años, especialmente en adolescentes y jóvenes. Objetivo. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue el desarrollo de una herramienta de screening de adicciones tecnológicas (videojuegos, móvil y redes sociales) y al juego para vincular la detección temprana con la intervención y la prevención en el campo de las adicciones conductuales. Método. Participantes. Participaron en el estudio 1.813 estudiantes de entre 11 y 19 años de 13 comunidades autónomas. Instrumentos. Se desarrolló una encuesta con cuatro pruebas validadas sobre adicciones tecnológicas y al juego. Procedimiento. Para la construcción de la herramienta de screening se seleccionaron los tres elementos que obtuvieron mayor Valor Predictivo Positivo (VPP) de cada una de las cuatro pruebas validadas para diferenciar entre quienes utilizaban las tecnologías y/o jugaban de un modo social y no tenían ningún problema de aquellos que ya tenían un problema adictivo. Resultados. Se obtuvo una herramienta de uso de las tecnologías y juego que consta de 24 ítems (12 ítems de cribado de las cuatro tecnologías y 12 de uso de las mismas) con sus principales propiedades psicométricas (fiabilidad, estructura factorial). Discusión. La escala tiene unas adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y es congruente teóricamente. Se presenta la herramienta definitiva de screening, la cual queda a disposición de las/os psicólogas/os para la detección temprana de personas que puedan padecer alguna de estas adicciones, en cuyo caso podrían ser derivados a los recursos sanitarios especializados.
El consumo de loot boxes como una nueva forma de azar en los videojuegos
Authors: Sanmartín Francisco Javier , Velasco Judith , Cuadrado Fátima , Gálvez-Lara Mario , De Larriva Victoria , Moriana Juan Antonio
Published: November 2021

Las loot boxes son cajas dentro de los videojuegos que los usuarios pagan por abrir y obtener, al azar, un objeto cuyo valor inicialmente desconocen. Tanto la población adolescente como la adulta tiene fácil acceso a ellas, y se han relacionado con el juego de azar. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar el consumo de loot boxes y explorar si se asociaba con culpabilidad, pérdida de control y malestar. Para ello, 475 participantes (266 adolescentes y 209 adultos) respondieron a un cuestionario ex profeso de elaboración propia. Los resultados mostraron que son los adolescentes los que más dinero invierten en cajas botín. Este gasto se ve aumentado cuando se anuncia nuevo contenido en las plataformas multimedia online (entre ellas, Twitch, YouTube). Además, no obtener los ítems que desean, lo cual es frecuente por su aleatoriedad, predice mayores niveles de culpabilidad y malestar, mientras que su obtención predice la posterior pérdida de control. Así, el 45,5% de los participantes refirieron culpabilidad tras la compra, el 50% malestar y el 17% pérdida de control. En síntesis, las loot boxes están cada vez más presentes en los entornos virtuales de los adolescentes y adultos, y dadas las consecuencias psicológicas y emocionales que parecen tener, es necesario seguir abordando esta problemática en futuras investigaciones en aras de prevenir y apoyar a la población vulnerable.
A 35-year follow-up study of patients admitted to methadone treatment between 1982-1984 in Asturias, Spain
Authors: Jiménez-Treviño Luis , Martínez-Cao Clara , Sánchez-Lasheras Fernando , Iglesias Celso , Antuña María Jesús , Riera Leonor , Sáiz-Martínez Pilar Alejandra , Bobes Julio
Published: November 2021

The objective was to evaluate outcomes in a heroin-dependent population 35 years after first enrolment in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).  An ad hoc protocol was used to assess drug misuse, treatment, and drug-related morbidity in the survivor sample. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.  A total of 214 heroin-dependent patients entered MMT between 1982 and 1984 in the Asturias Public Health Service. Information was received on 195 subjects, of whom 146 were deceased.  Men accounted for 77.5% of the study cohort. Over the 35-year follow-up period, the SMR was 11.75 (95% CI = 9.95 – 13.77). In the survivor sample, 5.7% were still enrolled in MMT; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was diagnosed in 38.77% and hepatitis B/C in 73.46%. No differences were found between sexes in mortality or HIV and hepatitis B/C status. None of the female survivors were using heroin at the 35-year follow-up compared with 5.26% of males. In conclusion, our study confirms the high long-term mortality rate of heroin addicts, even after enrollment in MMT.
Bidirectional association between tobacco use and depression risk in the SUN cohort study
Authors: Sánchez-Villegas Almudena , Gea Alfredo , Lahortiga-Ramos Francisca , Martínez-González Julio , Molero Patricio , Martínez-González Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2021

We assessed the association of tobacco use or smoking cessation with depression risk and determined if the presence of a depressive disorder was associated with smoking onset. We conducted a prospective cohort study (SUN Project) based on 16,519 Spanish university graduates without depression at baseline. Tobacco use was determined at baseline and after four years of follow-up. Incident cases of depression were ascertained according to a previously validated report of a clinical diagnosis of depression during follow-up. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of depression according to previous smoking status. We used logistic regression models as a secondary analysis to estimate Odds Ratios (OR) of smoking onset during the first four years of follow-up according to lifetime depression prevalence at baseline. The multivariable HR (95% CI) for current smokers was 1.24 (1.05-1.46) as compared to participants who had never smoked. Participants with the highest exposure to tobacco (≥ 20 packs-years) had a significant 38% relative increment in depression risk. Smoking cessation during the first four years of follow-up was inversely associated with depression (HR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.40-0.99). Finally, a significant increment in the risk of smoking onset for participants with lifetime depression prevalence was observed (multivariable OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.13-1.83). A bidirectional association between tobacco use and depression in the SUN cohort was found. Therefore, tobacco control and health promotion campaigns for smoking cessation could be considered as effective strategies of public health for the prevention and management of depressive disorders.
Social Enterprise and Taxation Policy: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Palil Mohd Rizal , Ismail Ida Suriya , Zain Nor Hazila Mohd , Abu Bakar Allif Anwar
Published: November 2021

Malaysia is likely to introduce new laws on social enterprises of taxation. However, the important questions are whether the said laws are adequate. This study explores previous research on social enterprises and taxation to gain a further understanding through a systematic literature review on social enterprises and taxation from the Malaysian perspective. This is normative legal research. The data was gathered through library research which consisted of numerous publications. This study concludes that tax and social enterprises, perhaps due to the different economic structures in each country, result in taxation being slightly discussed by previous scholars. Nevertheless, we clearly define social enterprises from different perspectives, including the characteristics present in social enterprises. Moreover, the perspective regarding tax relief for social enterprises in Malaysia has been highlighted. Although Malaysia has introduced a new policy to support its social enterprises with Social Enterprise Accreditation, a more significant regulatory or tax incentives approach is needed to support social enterprises in Malaysia.
Potenciando el perfil profesional Científico de Datos mediante dinámicas de competición
Authors: Guijo Rubio David , Vargas Yun Victor , Durán Rosal Antonio Manuel , Gómez Orellana Antonio Manuel , Barbero Gómez Javier , Fernández Caballero Juan Carlos , Gutiérrez Peña Pedro Antonio
Published: November 2021

La Ciencia de Datos es el área que comprende el desarrollo de métodos científicos, procesos y sistemas para extraer conocimiento a partir de datos recopilados previamente, con el objetivo de analizar los procedimientos llevados a cabo actualmente. El perfil profesional asociado a este campo es el del Científico de Datos, el cual requiere un amplio conocimiento en estadística, matemáticas y programación, entre otros. Por tanto, el papel de los Ingenieros Informáticos como Científicos de Datos es fundamental en la sociedad, ya que las aptitudes y competencias adquiridas durante su formación se ajustan perfectamente a lo requerido en este puesto laboral. Debido a la necesidad de formación de nuevos Científicos de Datos, entre otros fines, surgen plataformas en las que éstos pueden adquirir una amplia experiencia, como es el caso de Kaggle, que ofrece un lugar de encuentro en el que generalmente empresas publican datos para ser resueltos por investigadores. El principal objetivo de esta experiencia docente es proporcionar al alumnado una experiencia práctica con un problema real, así como la posibilidad de cooperar y competir al mismo tiempo. Así, la adquisición y el desarrollo de las competencias necesarias en Ciencia de Datos se realiza en un entorno altamente motivador.
A New Rock Brittleness Evaluation Method Based on the Complete Stress-Strain Curve
Authors: Liu Chenyang , Du Lizhi , Zhang Xiaopei , Wang Yong , Hu Xinmin , Han Yalu
Published: November 2021

Brittleness is a crucial parameter of rock mass and the key indicator in rock engineerings, such as rockburst prediction, tunnelling machine borehole drilling, and hydraulic fracturing. To solve the problem of using present brittleness indexes, the existing rock brittleness indexes were firstly summarised in this paper. Then, a brittleness index (BL), which considers the ratio of stress drop rate and stress increase rate and the peak stress, was proposed. This new index has the advantage of simplifying the acquisition of key parameters and avoiding dimensional problems, as well as taking the complete stress-strain curves into account. While applying the BL, the peak strain is used to describe the difficulty of brittle failure before the peak point, and the ratio of stress drop to strain increase can reflect the stress drop rate without dimension problem. In order to verify the applicability of BL, through the PFC2D, the microparameters and confining pressure were changed to model different types of rock numerical specimens and different stress condition. The results show that the BL can well reflect and classify the brittleness characteristics of different rock types and characterise the constraint of confining pressure on rock brittleness. Moreover, the influence of microparameter on macroparameter was studied. In order to further verify the reliability of the brittleness index (BL), this study conducted uniaxial and triaxial compression tests (30 MPa) on marble, sandstone, limestone, and granite under different confining pressure.
Systematic identification of synergistic combinations of targeted agents and immunotherapies in breast cancer using intratumor multiplex implantable microdevice assay
Authors: Tatarova Zuzana , Blumberg Dylan , Korkola James , Heiser Laura , Muschler John , Schedin Pepper , Ahn Sebastian , Mills Gordon , Coussens Lisa , Jonas Oliver , Gray Joe
Published: November 2021

Systematically identifying synergistic combinations between targeted agents and immunotherapies in cancer based on genomic or other static biomarkers remains elusive. Here we integrate two novel high-content and high-throughput techniques, an implantable microdevice to administer multiple drugs into different sites in tumors at nanodoses; and spatial systems analysis of tumor microenvironmental states to describe tumor cell and immunological response signatures and rapidly, within days, identify effective combinations from among numerous agents. We demonstrate in systemic follow-up studies across three mammary carcinoma models that combinations identified by this approach lead to highly synergistic effects. Biomarkers associated with resistance to each agent allowed us to prioritize at least five novel treatment strategies of which the panobinostat/venetoclax/anti-CD40 was the most effective inducing complete tumor control across models. We show that spatial association of cancer stem cells with dendritic cells during immunogenic cell death is a potential mechanism of action underlying long-term breast cancer control.
High-coverage Lipidomics Analysis Reveals Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Two Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes
Authors: Liu Xin-guang , Zhang Hai-Long , Si Yi-Mei , Du Yan , Wu Jin-Yan , Li Jiansheng
Published: November 2021

BackgroundTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is distinguished by syndrome differentiation. Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in COPD management. Previous studies have proved that AECOPD can be characterized as 2 TCM syndromes, and systematic dialectical treatment showed better curative effect than conventional therapy. However, detecting the progression from the stable stage to acute exacerbation of COPD with different TCM syndromes mainly depends on doctors’ judgment of clinical symptoms, and there is no biomarker that can be used for auxiliary clinical diagnosis. This study conducted a high-coverage lipidomics to find biomarker for the early diagnosis of AECOPD with 2 TCM syndromes.MethodsSerum samples from COPD patients (n=82) and healthy subjects (n=29) were collected and analyzed. Patients with COPD were divided into stable COPD (SCOPD) and AECOPD groups, with the latter comprising TCM syndromes: phlegm–heat congesting lung (PH-CL) and phlegm-damp amassing in the lung (PD-AL). High-coverage lipidomics profiling of 913 lipids belonging to 19 subclasses was carried out by liquid chromatography–quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry.ResultsWe performed 4 cross-comparisons to characterize metabolic disturbances associated with the progression of stable COPD to AECOPD—ie, SCOPD vs healthy subjects, AECOPD vs SCOPD, PH-CL-AECOPD vs SCOPD, and PD-AL-AECOPD vs SCOPD. We identified 86 lipids with differential abundance among groups. Lipids that were altered from the stable stage of disease to AECOPD included sphingolipids, ether-containing glycerophospholipids, phosphatidylglycerols, and glycerol lipids. Three panels of lipid biomarkers specific to AECOPD, two TCM syndromes of AECOPD vs SCOPD yielded areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.788, 0.921 and 0.920, respectively, with sensitivity of 77.5%, 80.7% and 91.3%, respectively, and specificity of 75.8%, 97.0% and 87.9%, respectively.ConclusionsDifferences in lipid metabolism may underlie AECOPD and its TCM syndromes, and can serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis.
Data on the long-distance dispersal of Laxmann's shrew (Sorex caecutiens Laxmann, 1788) and the pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus Linnaeus, 1766)
Authors: Mukhacheva Svetlana , Tolkachev Oleg
Published: November 2021

We studied the long-distance dispersal of two species of shrews – Laxmann's shrew (Sorex caecutiens) and the pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus). Group marking with bait containing rhodamine B was used. These were the first data obtained on the long-distance movements of the pygmy shrew (n = 5), which extended from 475 m to 2570 m in a straight line. In the course of dispersion, Laxmann's shrews (n = 12) moved distances of up to 4500 m, which is the maximum movement distance known for this species.
COVID-19 symptoms reduce with targeted hydration of the nose, larynx and trachea
Authors: George Carol , Scheuch Gerhard , Seifart Ulf , Inbaraj Leeberk , Chandrasingh Sindhulina , Nair Indu , Hickey Anthony , Barer Mike , Fletcher Eve , Field Rachel , Salzman Jonathan , Moelis Nathan , Ausiello Dennis , Edwards David
Published: November 2021

Dirty air and poor access to healthcare threatens the lives of billions of people in low-income regions of the world. We investigated whether upper-airway hydration might alter two-phase flow in the airways on normal tidal breathing and be a useful, safe, easily distributed non-drug intervention for limiting risks of COVID-19. In observational human volunteer studies involving 464 human subjects in Marburg, Germany (357 normal subjects), Boston, US (20 healthy subjects), and Bangalore, India (87 subjects recently tested positive for COVID-19), we find that respiratory droplet generation increases by up to 4 orders of magnitude with up to 1% total body mass dehydration (n=20), and in dehydration-associated states of advanced age (n=357), elevated BMI-age (n=148), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=87). Hydration of the nose, larynx and trachea in a protocol of exercise-induced dehydration by the nasal inhalation of calcium-rich hypertonic salt droplets of mean diameter 8-12 μm diminished respiratory droplet numbers and increased oxygenation relative to a non-treatment control (P<0.05). In a randomized double-blinded nasal-saline control study, thrice-a-day delivery of the calcium-rich hypertonic salts (active) over three days suppressed respiratory droplet generation by 51% +/- 11% and increased oxygen saturation by 48.08% ± 9.61% (P<0.001) in COVID-19 positive subjects (n=20), while no changes in exhaled aerosol (P=0.235) or oxygen saturation (P=0.533) were observed in the nasal-saline control group (n=20). In the active group 47% of patients discharged with no self-reported symptoms while all of the subjects in the nasal saline group discharged with lingering symptoms. Hydration of the upper airways appears promising as a non-drug approach for reducing risks of lower respiratory-tract infections such as COVID-19.
Decentralised peak energy demand minimisation in networks of buildings
Authors: Poghosyan Anush , McCullen Nick , Natarajan Sukumar
Published: November 2021

Simultaneous peaks in the energy demand from networks of buildings can decrease system stability and increase operational costs. However, reducing these peaks can require complicated centralised control schemes.
Here, taking inspiration from biological systems, we investigate a decentralised, building-to-building load coordination schema that requires very little information and no human intervention.
Using agent-based modelling, we investigate both the optimal system size and robustness of the results to changes in the system parameters.
It is found that substantial reductions are readily achieved through coordination between a small number of buildings, analogous to models of coordination between flocks of birds. Strikingly, the schema significantly outperforms existing techniques and is robust to varying network topology and the inclusion of large time-constrained thermal loads. These results imply that significant reductions in network peaks are achievable through simple low-cost controllers implemented at the building level; particularly important for developing countries with fragile networks.
Emergency Remote Teaching und Inklusion
Authors: Haage Anne , Wilkens Leevke , Lüttmann Finnja , Bühler Christian
Published: November 2021

Die plötzliche Umstellung auf das sog. Emergency Remote Teaching (Hodges et al. 2020) hat das Thema Ungleichheit in der Bildung auf die Tagesordnung gesetzt – auch an Hochschulen, wo die Studierendenschaft immer diverser wird. Digitalen Medien wird ein grosses Potential zugeschrieben, gleichberechtigte Teilhabe an Bildung zu unterstützen. Zwei Studien an der TU Dortmund widmen sich der Strukturkategorie Behinderung. Die Studien erheben die Erfahrungen von Studierenden mit Behinderungen mit digitalen Lehr- und Lernformaten sowie die Anforderungen, die Studierende mit und ohne Behinderungen an digitale Lehre stellen. Der vorliegende Artikel diskutiert auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse die Chancen und Handlungsfelder für eine inklusive digitale Hochschullehre auf der Grundlage des Continuums of Solutions aus Universal Design, Barrierefreiheit sowie angemessenen Vorkehrungen.
ÇALIŞMAYAN KADINLARIN CAM TAVAN ALGILARI
Authors: YİĞİTBAŞ Çağla , ÖZCAN Handan
Published: November 2021

Araştırmanın amacı; çalışmayan kadınların cam tavan algılarını tespit etmek ve kendilerine ilişkin algıları ile bazı sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin farklılık oluşturup oluşturmadığını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte olan araştırma, iki ilin merkezinde yaşayan kadınlara uygulanmıştır. Araştırma öncesinde etik izin ve kurumsal izinler alınmış katılımcılara bilgilendirilmiş onam formu verilmiştir. Yaş aralığı, eğitim düzeyi, gelir düzeyi algısı, aile tipi, medeni durum, çocuk sahibi olma durumu, çocuğun cinsiyeti, eşin çalışma durumu, sosyal etkinliklere katılma durumu ve kişilik yapısı algısı değişkenlerinin cam tavan algısının bazı maddeleri açısından farklılık oluşturduğu görülmüştür. İyileştirilebilir/geliştirilebilir sosyo demografik özelliklerden birçoğu cam tavan algısı açısından farklılık oluşturmaktadır.
SOSYAL ÇALIŞMACILARDA MESLEK AŞKI VE PROSOSYAL HİZMET DAVRANIŞLARI İLİŞKİSİ: YAŞAMIN ANLAMININ ARACILIK ETKİSİ
Authors: ARISOY Azime , TAŞ Mehmet Ali
Published: November 2021

Meslek aşkı, bir işi anlam ve amaç duygusuyla topluma fayda sağlama aracı olarak değerlendirmeyi ifade etmektedir. Meslek aşkının hayata anlam katması ve yaşam doygunluğu sağlaması beklenmektedir. Meslek aşkı ve yaşamın anlamı, bireylerin görev tanımları dışındaki diğer işlere gönüllü olmalarını ve işbirliğine dayanan davranışlarını güçlendireceği öngörülmektedir. Bu beklentiyi ve öngörüyü test etmek amacıyla Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler İl Müdürlüklerinde dezavantajlı gruplara hizmet veren sosyal çalışmacılar üzerinde bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Sosyal çalışmacılarda meslek aşkı ve prososyal hizmet davranışları ilişkisini ve bu ilişkiye yaşamın anlamının aracılık etkisini araştırmaktır. Kolayda bir örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak 279 katılımcıya ulaşılmış ve anket tekniğiyle veri toplanmıştır. Veriler IBM AMOS 23 ve SPSS 22 paket programlarıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, meslek aşkının hem yaşamın anlamı hem de prososyal hizmet davranışları üzerinde etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda yaşamın anlamının da prososyal hizmet davranışlarını etkilediği saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, en önemli bulgu ise meslek aşkının prososyal hizmet davranışları ile ilişkisinde yaşamın anlamının aracılık etkisidir.
Secuencias cronológicas del Calcolítico y Edad del Bronce en el interior de la Península Ibérica: Análisis de las dataciones de Las Mayores (Numancia de la Sagra, Toledo) en su entorno regional
Authors: Barroso Bermejo Rosa , Cerrillo Cuenca Enrique , Bueno Ramírez Primitiva , González Martín Armando
Published: November 2021

Analizamos los datos cronológicos del registro funerario del yacimiento de Las Mayores, Toledo, un poblado de estructuras subterráneas que incluyen enterramientos. Las fechas obtenidas en su necrópolis campaniforme certifican la ocupación del enclave durante el III milenio a.C. El resto de los enterramientos se sitúan en el Bronce medio. El modelo bayesiano confirma una interrupción del registro temporal de casi medio siglo, que pone en evidencia las dificultades de interpretar las secuencias de ocupación de estos enclaves considerados como permanentes, con ocupaciones reiteradas o recurrentes en el mismo espacio. Yacimientos equiparables en tipología y decurso cronológico del entorno inmediato no muestran la misma discontinuidad en sus secuencias y sí una cierta contracción en el cambio del III al II milenio a. C. coincidiendo con la emergencia de nuevos poblados lo que sugiere una reorganización poblacional que atenúa la idea de un cambio abrupto en la región.
Evaluation of an alternative household water treatment system based on slow filtration and solar disinfection
Authors: Rosa e Silva Guilherme Otávio , Loureiro Helen Oliveira , Soares Laura Guimarães , de Andrade Laura Hamdan , Santos Rana Gabriela Lacerda
Published: November 2021

Drinking water consumption is essential to maintain a good quality of life, but it is not available for all communities. Therefore, this work aimed to develop an alternative and accessible process for water treatment, based on filtration and solar disinfection, and evaluate it in both bench and pilot scales. The construction cost of the system was estimated and compared with other available options so that its economic viability could be discussed. For this purpose, water from a stream was collected and analyzed. A filter made of PVC tubes, sand, and gravel was built, acting, respectively, as a column, filtering medium, and support layer. As for the disinfection process, the SODIS (Solar Water Disinfection) methodology was adopted. The water was exposed to the sun, and the best exposure time was determined based on the analysis of total coliforms and E. coli. Finally, a prototype was built for a flow rate of 37.5 L d−1, consisting of two filters operating at a filtration rate of 2.38 m3 m−2 d−1. About 97% turbidity removal was obtained, as well as 99.9% for total coliforms and 99.1% for E. coli. It is estimated that the cost of building a water treatment system for one person is approximately USD 29.00.
Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting in Ajloun, Jordan
Authors: Al-Houri Zain , Al-Omari Abbas
Published: November 2021

In response to water scarcity in Ajloun governorate, Jordan, the effectiveness of implementing rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) was investigated. In addition, a structured questionnaire was prepared and distributed to randomly selected residents to assess the status of the current RRWH practices in the governorate and the people's perceptions of this practice. It was found that between 0.39 million cubic meters (MCM) in a dry year (2017) and 0.96 MCM in a wet year (2018) can be harvested, which is equivalent to 7.6% and 16.8% of the domestic water supply for these years, respectively. The analysis of a total of 360 questionnaires revealed that only 14.2% of the households in Ajloun governorate own an RRWH system. However, the majority, 80.6%, of those who do not own an RRWH system showed interest in installing one. An overwhelming majority of the sample, 96.7%, believes that the government should provide incentives to subsidize the construction of RRWH systems, which is attributed to the high initial cost of these systems. The technical and social feasibilities of RRWH, in addition to the high cost of the alternatives, justifies providing incentives, such as cost sharing for the consumers in Ajloun to implement RRWH systems.
Peroxydisulfate activation by LaNiO3 nanoparticles with different morphologies for the degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Wei Yan , Leng Yanqiu , Wang Rongyao , Ren Xiaohua , Guo Weilin
Published: November 2021

A series of LaNiO3 perovskite nanoparticles with different morphologies, such as spheres, rods and cubes, were prepared through co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods, and used as the catalysts for peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation. The physical and chemical characterization of LaNiO3 perovskites was performed, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen isotherm absorption (BET), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The LaNiO3 with different shapes showed different activities in Acid Orange 7 (AO7) degradation. Sphere-like LaNiO3 exhibited the highest catalytic activity, which is probably due to the largest specific surface area, higher proportion of reductive Ni2+ and the higher electron transfer ability. The radical scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) revealed the production of massive sulfate radicals (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) during the oxidation. Finally, the possible mechanisms of PDS activation and AO7 degradation were proposed. The prepared LaNiO3 perovskites also showed excellent reusability and stability.
Effects of abiotic factors on the stability and infectivity of polyvalent coliphage
Authors: Li Lingli , Yu Ming , Yang Chao , Deng Chunping , Ma Lili , Liu Yucheng
Published: November 2021

Bacteriophage has attracted growing interest as a promising therapeutic agent for pathogenic bacteria, especially for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, the various abiotic conditions could impact the stability of phages and further threat host–virus interactions. Here, we investigated the stability and lytic activity of virulent polyvalent coliphage (named PE1) by double-layer plaque assay. PE1 can efficiently infect both the drug-sensitive Escherichia coli K12 and multidrug-resistant E. coli NDM-1 even after prolonged storage at 4 °C for up to two months. Results showed that PE1 exhibits an outstanding stability to infect E. coli strains under a wide range of thermal (4 °C–60 °C) and pH (4–11) conditions, which covers the thermal and pH variations of most wastewater treatment plants. Moreover, PE1 exhibited high resistibility to heavy metals exposure including Cu2+, Cd2+, Co2+, and Cr3+ at the concentrations below 0.5 mM, and an excellent resistant ability to the variation of ionic strength, which still retained strong infectious ability even treated with saturated sodium chloride solution (350 g/L). This work shows that polyvalent phage PE1 has a strong adaptive capacity to various abiotic factors and should be a good candidate of being an antibacterial agent, especially for antibiotic-resistant bacteria control in sewage.
A Qualitative Study Regarding COVID-19 Inpatient Family Caregivers’ Need for Supportive Care
Authors: Picardi Angelo , Miniotti Marco , Leombruni Paolo , Gigantesco Antonella
Published: November 2021

Background:

Family caregivers of COVID-19 inpatients are exposed to multiple sources of distress. These include not only losing friends, colleagues and members of the family, but also the fear of possible losses in sociality, finances and, impoverished communication with sick family members and health care providers.

Objective:

This study describes the psychological experience of COVID-19 inpatient family caregivers to highlight the main sources of distress, issues, concerns and unmet needs.

Methods:

Two focus groups were independently organized with COVID-19 inpatient family caregivers and health care personnel of COVID-19 wards in order to highlight family caregivers’ practical and psychological burden and related needs. A thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data.

Results:

Family caregivers mentioned they needed more information about the patient’s condition with more attention being paid to their own emotional state. Feelings of impotence, concerns about how to deal with patient’s discharge, significant psychological distress, and anxiety were frequently reported by study participants.

Conclusion:

Study findings suggest the need to strengthen the assistance of COVID-19 patient family caregivers. In the pandemic scenario, family caregivers might represent a crucial resource, which can guarantee rapid discharges, support home health care and thus relieve pressure on hospital systems.
The Prevalence of Addiction to Social Network Among Students in Iran and its Factors Related: A Study Conducted in 2020
Authors: Rahiminia Hoorieh , Soori Hamid , Jafari Mahdi , Khodakarim Soheila
Published: November 2021

Background:

In the present era, the prevalence of addiction to social networks has shown that many users, including students, are detaching from the real world. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of addiction to the social networks among students in Iran and its related factors.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2020 on 1000 students in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The data collection tool was a standardized questionnaire about addiction to the social networks distributed online among students. Statistical data were analyzed using Stata software version 14.

Results:

Generally, 462 students (44%) had addiction to social networks, of which 449 (90.04%) had slight addiction and 13 (9.96%) had severe addiction. The results showed that age (p = 0.001), type of disciplines in the treatment-related subgroup (p = 0.03) and using nerve medicine (p = 0.0001) had significant relationships with addiction to social networks.

Conclusion:

Considering that a high number of students in the present study are at high risk of addiction, it is suggested that educational programs should be implemented to improve the knowledge of parents and students for optimal use of social networks and raise awareness of the harmful consequences of addiction.
Sealant Utilization and its Influence on Caries Reduction in First Permanent Molars in Saudi Female School Children
Authors: Albaeejan Fatimah , Bakhashwain Doaa , Alsubaie Alanoud , Tageldin Azza , Nazir Muhammad , Alhareky Muhanad , AlHumaid Jehan
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

This study aimed to assess the utilization of fissure sealants and their influence on caries reduction in first permanent molars (FPMs) among 6-9 years old female schoolchildren in Dammam, Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

First to fourth grade female children from public schools in Dammam participated in this cross-sectional study. Dental caries and fissure sealants in FPMs were examined clinically using the World Health Organization guidelines. In addition, the parents of the participants responded to a self-reported questionnaire.

Results:

The study analyzed the data of 449 children. Almost 44.3% of the participants had at least one FPM affected with caries. There were 8.7% of the participants who had fissure sealants in at least one FPM, and out of these, only 2.2% had four FPMs filled with sealants. A significantly greater proportion of participants with sealed FPMs had no caries than the lower proportion of participants without sealants who had caries (P=<0.05). The use of sealants increased significantly from first grade (10.3%) to second grade (30.8%), third grade (38.5%), and fourth grade (20.5%) (P=0.006). High monthly family income (P= 0.047) and having insurance (P=0.017) were significantly associated with increased sealant application. Nearly 21.9% of participants’ parents were aware of caries protective effects of dental sealants.

Conclusion:

The application of sealants was significantly associated with reduced caries in FPMs. Class year, monthly family income, and insurance were significantly associated with having sealants. Caries prevention programs for children should incorporate sealant application.
Assessment of Degree of Conversion and Knoop Microhardness of Different Resin Cementing Agents
Authors: Maia Thiago Pantoja , Henrique Vilhena da Silva Marcelo , Vieira Takeuchi Elma , Bemerguy Alves Eliane , Martins Silva Cecy
Published: November 2021

Background:

There are still controversies in the literature as to which is the best resinous cementing agent. Due to this fact and the immense availability of types and brands of cementing agents, further studies are needed to evaluate the properties of these important dental materials.

Objective:

To assess the degree of monomer conversion (DC) and Knoop microhardness (KHN) of four resin cements: two conventional dual-cured resin cements (EnForce and RelyXARC); one self-etching cement (RelyXU100); and one chemically-activated cement (Cement-Post).

Methods:

20 Pieces were made to assess KHN, and 20 to assess DC (n = 5). The DC was analyzed using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, and KHN of the base and the top of the pieces were assessed using the Future-Tech microhardness tester. The data of KHN were statistically analyzed by two-factor ANOVA, and data related to DC were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test. The analysis of the correlation between KHN and DC of the cementing agents was performed by linear regression.

Results:

Dual-cured cements exhibited lower average KHN values at the base than at the top of the pieces (p <0.05). The self-etching cement had a significantly higher average KHN value than the other assessed cements (p <0.05). The DC of the dual-cured cement did not differ (p >0.05). The chemically-activated cement exhibited the lowest averages of KHN and DC values (p <0.05). Linear regression analysis indicated a strong correlation between DC and KNH (p = 0.043; R2 = 0.96); however, a specific hardness value could not be correlated to a specific DC value.

Conclusion:

Preferably, dual-cured resin cements (conventional or self-etching) should be used. Chemically-activated resin cements should be avoided due to their lower averages of DC and KHN values.
Advanced Nanoparticular Approaches to Combat Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Shah Rahul , Bhattacharya Sankha
Published: November 2021

:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disease that affects many of the world's rapidly
ageing population. In the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the involvement of amyloid β
(Aβ) plaque accumulation and oxidative stress in the brain have important roles. Various drugs
have been proposed to prevent and treat AD, but delivering these therapeutic agents to the brain is
difficult. Over the last decade, nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery represents one promising strategy
to increase the CNS penetration of several therapeutic moieties successfully. Different nanocarriers
are being investigated to treat and diagnose AD. NTDDS (nanotechnology-based drug delivery
systems) can be used in various methods to improve patient compliance and treatment outcomes.
However, literature analysis revealed that clinical activities, such as NTDDS application in
Alzheimer's disease research lag behind despite extensive research. This review gives an account
of the BBB and discusses the literature on some drugs, which are successfully encapsulated as
nanoparticles for a future therapeutic approach. It also emphasizes the current clinical studies for
Alzheimer's disease therapy.
Temperature Field Analysis and Cooling Structure Design of Ironless
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor
Authors: Lu Xiaoting , Li Yang , Chen Zailiang
Published: November 2021

Objective:

Ironless, permanent magnet, synchronous linear (IPMSL) motors are applied
widely in precision servo control for the nonexistence of cogging forces and comparatively small
fluctuations in thrust and speed.

Method:

The air and water cooling structures are designed by assuming the heat loss in the motor
operations is the source for the distribution of the temperature field in the analysis under natural
cooling.

Conclusion:

The temperature fields of the linear motor under the two cooling modes are compared and
analyzed, which helps monitor the temperature of linear motors during development and operations.
Influence of infectious factors on changes in hormonal indicators in women in the early period of miscarriage
Authors: Oybekovna Muхitdinova Kamola , Aleхseevich Aleinik Vladimir , Mihaylovna Babich Svetlana , Nabievna Negmatshaeva Xabiba , Azimovna Zhuraeva Mohigul
Published: November 2021

The work studied the influence of infectious factors on changes in immunological and hormonal parameters in women who have a full pregnancy without infections of the genitourinary system and women with an infection of the genitourinary system and have miscarriages in the early stages of up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. It was concluded that in women in early pregnancy, the presence of infections of the genitourinary system, with insufficient corrective effect of protease inhibitors and TGF-?1. The formation of a pronounced pro-inflammatory immune response is possible, which can contribute to an imbalance of sex hormones. It manifests itself in a slight decrease in prolactin, FSH, LH, but at the same time a pronounced and reliable decrease in the value of progesterone and an increase in the level of estradiol. Thus, all this can contribute to the unfavorable course of early pregnancy and the development of miscarriages.
Female university teachers’ realizations of the speech act of refusal
Authors: El-Dakhs Dina Abdel Salam , Alhaqbani Jawaher Nasser , Adan Sofia
Published: November 2021

The current study investigates how university teachers decline students’ requests and examines the teachers’ refusal strategies from cross-cultural and interlanguage perspectives. To this end, 60 female university teachers at a private Saudi university participated in 10 role-plays which involved them in declining several students’ requests. The participants consisted of three groups; 20 native speakers of American English (NSE), 20 native speakers of Saudi Arabic (NSA) and 20 native speakers of Saudi Arabic who completed the role-plays in English as non-native speakers of the language (NNSE). The role-plays were audio-recorded and transcribed. The data were coded using Beebe, Takahashi, and Uliss-Weltz’s (1990) refusal model and Trosborg’s (1995) model of internal modifiers. The results revealed the teachers’ general preference for the use of indirect over direct refusal strategies and the American teachers’ stronger tendency to use indirect and mitigating internal modifiers than Arab teachers. The results also showed that the cross-cultural differences between the American and the Arab teachers were limited and that there was no effect for negative pragmatic transfer for the NNSE. The results are interpreted in terms of relevant theoretical models and the existing literature.
Linguistic document research technologies (forensic and procedural aspects)
Authors: Petrova Iryna , Sezonov Viktor , Perlin Stanislav , Sezonova Olga , Piddybna Alina
Published: November 2021

Linguistic examination is a modern type of forensic examination, which is directly related to the study of the products of speech activity in order to establish facts (circumstances) of evidentiary significance in a particular (criminal, civil and administrative) case. Although linguistic knowledge is often useful, author identification has not yet reached a significant level of reliability. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the current state of legal regulation of document linguistic examination in Ukraine and to disclose the criminal and procedural aspects of linguistic technologies of document examination. The research process involved using a combination of general scientific, philosophical and specialised scientific methods, which are in line with the aims and objectives set by the authors. The philosophical basis of the methodological paradigm of the study is the dialectic as a philosophical learning method. The author's conclusion provided a conceptual understanding of the implementation of document linguistic examination in Ukraine.
Impact of the industrial revolution 4.0 on Vietnamese cultural development
Authors: Tri Nguyen Minh , Dung Nguyen Trung
Published: November 2021

The material and the spiritual are two sides of social life. In the process of development, if the economy is considered as the material foundation of society, meeting material needs, then culture is the spiritual foundation of society, meeting the spiritual needs of people and society. It is not possible to develop stably and sustainably if only focusing on economic growth but neglecting or even sacrificing culture. The development of each country, economy and culture are interrelated, in which culture covers all aspects of social activities; not only govern influence, but also have the ability to regulate the development of society. Currently, the fourth industrial revolution has had a profound impact on all areas of socio-economic life in Vietnam, including culture. In order to take advantage of opportunities and minimize negative impacts, countries need to assess the impact of this revolution comprehensively, including the impact on culture, thereby reorienting development strategies, focusing on investing in science and technology, and at the same time having policies to preserve and promote national cultural values ??is one of the most important tasks of the current Vietnamese revolution.