bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holisme en totaliteit
Authors: Venter P. M.
Published: January 2014

Holism and totality As a contribution to the debate on postmodernism and holism, the viewpoint of J C Smuts is firstly summarised in this paper. Next, this summary is used to define on a comparative basis the viewpoint on totality found in the didactic poems of Proverbs 1-9. In conclusion an intertextual reading programme is proposed which should include the literature of Proverbs to enable one to form a theological viewpoint on holism.
Making sense out of suffering: James 1:2-4
Authors: Wolmarans J. L.P.
Published: January 2014

The logic of James 1:2-4 is examined. The argument is viewed as a syllogism, with the demonstrandum: ‘The believer who experiences trials must be happy.’ The proof of the argument runs as follows: »If there are trials, then there is testing ( = refining) of faith. » If there is testing ( = refining) of faith, then there is endurance in faith. It there is endurance in faith, then there must be perfect works. »If there are perfect works, then a perfect character develops. If there is a perfect character, then each virtue is possessed and each fully developed. »If each virtue is possessed and each fully developed, then the believer will receive the crown of life. »If the believer is to receive the crown of life, he will be happy.
Die Ou-Testamentiese Wetenskap in die Fakulteit Teologie (Afd A), Universiteit van Pretoria, 1917-1982
Authors: Oberholzer J. P.
Published: January 2014

Old Testament Studies in the Faculty of Theology (Sec A), University of Pretoria, 1917-1982 Elsewhere in this volume short treatments of the theology and work of scholars in the Department of Old Testament Studies in the Faculty can be found. This article intends to give a brief survey of the University of Pretoria’s earliest period of Hebrew and Old Testament Studies, as well as a general history of the Department during the 75 years of its existence.
Egge Simon Mulder, hoogleraar 1956-1970
Authors: Breytenbach A. P. B.
Published: January 2014

Egge Simon Mulder, professor from 1956 to 1970 E S Mulder succeeded Berend Gemser as professor in Old Testament Studies in the Faculty of Theology (Sec A) at the University of Pretoria. His approach was historicalcritical and at the same time he was totally committed to the ecclesiastical ministry. He can be characterised as an exponent of so-called Ethical Theology. Although he did not fully integrate his scientific work and his theologising within the scope of the church, he contributed to the present close ties between the Faculty and the Nederduitsch Hervormde Church, as well as to the ethos that there is no dichotomy between reason and faith.
A S Geyser, teologiese dosent 1946-1961
Authors: Van Aarde A. G.
Published: January 2014

A S Geyser, lecturer in theology 1946-1961 In this article the academic role of Professor A S Geyser is briefly discussed. He lectured in New Testament Studies and Practical Theology at the University of Pretoria from 1946. He resigned in 1961, after a period of strife. His publications show a consistence in exegetical approach and theological description. His historical-critical investigation was aimed beyond the New Testament into the pretexts which evidenced the commencement of the universal apostolate at Antioch. Inferred from his exegetical results he propounded the unity of the church as an imperative for today. However, against the background of the South African political history from 1948 to 1961, the political and ecumenical implications of Geyser’s theological convictions were not acceptable to the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk.
A G van Aarde as teoloog (1979-)
Authors: Van Eck E.
Published: January 2014

A G van Aarde as theologian (1979-) This article is an attempt to give a brief overview of the different theological points of departure of Van Aarde’s theological model, which has been lectured in the Department of New Testament Studies (Sec A) at the University of Pretoria since 1984. The ways in which this theological model are advocated are traced through his lectures, and his many scientific publications are also taken into consideration. From his theological model it is clear that, for Van Aarde, there is an indissoluble relationship between epistemology, methodology and teleology. In this connection, attention is given to the different epistemological, theological and hermeneutical presuppositions of his theological model. The conclusion is made that his theological model succeeds in being relevant and committed to reality with reference to the church in today’s mondial culture.
Die teologiese gerigtheid van die Departement Kerkgeskiedenis 1957-1992
Authors: Steenkamp J. J.
Published: January 2014

The theological character of the Department of Church History 1957-1992 The theological character of the Department of Church History at the Theological Faculty (Sec A) of the University of Pretoria is closely connected to the life and work of prof dr A D Pont. He accepted the call to the chair as a commission of the Church. His thought represents an extract of biblical and reformational theology enriched by a wide spectrum of theological thinking from the past and the present by great theologians like Kohlbrugge, Hoedemaker, Barth, Cullmann and Noordmans. The theology of the Reformation, however, is taken as the criterion of comparison for the history of the church before and since. With regard to South African Church History, Pont laid the foundations for a typical theology of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika, emphasising the close relationship between the Church and the Afrikaner.
Die lewe en werk van H P Wolmarans, teologiese dosent 1935-1959
Authors: Van Zyl F. J.
Published: January 2014

The life and work of H P Wolmarans, lecturer in theology 1935-1959 This article, written by his successor and a former student, professor emeritus Francois J van Zyl, contains an in-depth discussion of prof H P Wolmarans’s theological views on Revelation, Christ and on the various religions. Wolmarans is depicted as a theologian in the Reformed tradition, although critical of Calvin and, more specifically, Bavinck, with regard to natural revelation. His doctoral thesis displayed a great admiration of the Dutch theologian, Kohlbrügge. Later he became the first proponent in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk of the German school of Dialectic Theology, as represented by Emil Brunner.
Francois Jacobus van Zyl, hoogleraar 1960-1978
Authors: Van der Merwe P. J. , Van Wyk D. J. C.
Published: January 2014

Francois Jacobus van Zyl, professor 1960-1978 Professor Francois Jacobus van Zyl (6th May 1913-) served as head of the Department of Science of Religion and Missiology, Faculty of Theology (Sec A), University of Pretoria, during the period 1960-1978. This article (compiled from two previously published articles) contains a short biography, a discussion of his views on theology, Science of Religion, Philosophy of Religion, and Missiology. He is portrayed as a theologian with Barthian convictions. He worked from a broad theological base which can be described as ‘theology of the Word’. His primary audience was the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk and his theological activities (especially in the period 1960-1983) must be seen in relation to his influential role in the same church.
Die resente geskiedenis en ontwikkeling van die Departement Godsdiens- en Sendingwetenskap (Afd A), 1979-1992
Authors: Van der Merwe P. J.
Published: January 2014

Recent history and the development of the Department of Science of Religion and Missiology (Sec A), 1979-1992 The ‘recent phase’ in the history of this Department started with the author’s appointment as Head in 1979. In his inaugural speech he recognised the need to restructure Science of Religion (within the Faculty of Theology) to the formal norms of theology. He visualised a theological Science of Religion which would reach its apogee in a theologia religionis and not a philosophy of religion. Recent history has seen changes in curricula to conform to Section A’s curriculum reform project (which started in the early eighties). The Department even gained a subject - Evangelistics. This article gives an overview of teaching done since 1979. Current attempts to introduce Science of Religion to the Faculty of Arts, as a non-theological subject, are outlined.
Die Sentrum vir Voortgesette Teologiese Toerusting, Fakulteit Teologie (Afd A), Universiteit van Pretoria
Authors: Steenkamp L. J. S.
Published: January 2014

The Centre for Continued Theological Education, Faculty of Theology (Sec A), University of Pretoria This article considers the factors which bring into prominence the need for continued education as an intrinsic part of the academic programme of the University. The Centre for Continued Theological Education was established in 1987 at the Faculty of Theology (Sec A), University of Pretoria. The purpose of this centre is primarily to supply continued knowledge to pastors of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika with special focus on the practical side of the profession. Apart from the service to this interest group, the focus of the centre is also on the community in general, supplying enrichment programmes to fulfil the Church’s responsibilities to the community.
Pentateugtradisies in die boek Hosea
Authors: Breytenbach A. P. B.
Published: January 2014

Pentateuchal traditions in the book Hosea This article is concerned with the much debated topic of references to Israel’s historical traditions in the book Hosea. The study is mainly directed at the question of the function of Pentateuchal traditions within the context of the book. The higher occurrence of these traditions from Hosea 9 onwards is also looked at, and a possible explanation of this feature is offered in conclusion.
Oop of geslote Nagmaalsviering? ’n Vraag aan die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika
Authors: Koekemoer J. H.
Published: January 2014

Open or closed Communion? A question addressed to the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika This article focuses on the open invitation to partake in the Lord’s Supper, according to the prescription of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk. Fundamentally, Holy Communion is not there for the individual. It is given to the community. Neither is the Lord’s Supper the place to practise church discipline; it is the place where the liberating presence of the crucified Lord is celebrated. For this reason, proper preaching must lead to the Lord’s Supper, and not away from it. The conclusion is that the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk should take the question of an open invitation to the Lord’s Supper seriously.
Das Waldenserbekenntnis von Chanforan 1532 - ein reformiertes Bekenntnis?
Authors: Neuser W.
Published: January 2014

The Confession of the Waldensians 1532 - a Reformed Creed? The question is posed as to whether the Confession of the Waldensians (1532) belongs to the Reformed creeds. Up till now it has not been included in any collection. Read carefully, it has the exact form of theses for disputation. Every theological thesis has three steps: proposition, declaration of conformity with the Scriptures, and scriptural proof. It is also a Reformed confession, as the Zurich Theses of 1523 are. Its content is not strange. To treat ethical questions means to put aside the rigorism typical of the Waldensian lifestyle. Its relation to the Roman church was more or less clarified. The concilium generale of Chanforan decided to join the community of Reformed churches.
Op soek na ’n duidelike reformatoriese paradigma vir kerklike gesag
Authors: Spoelstra B.
Published: January 2014

In search of a clear reformed paradigm on ecclesiastical authority This article represents an effort to investigate the claim from different viewpoints that Jesus Christ is the real and sole authority in church polity. It is maintained in this article that different systems of church government replace in reality the ius divinum with a ius humanum. The church can only be governed by the authority of Jesus Christ in a ministry where the grounds for ecclesiastical decisions and directions are clearly pointed out from the Scriptures.
Kerk, staat en politieke modelle in ‘Kerk en Samelewing -1990’
Authors: Strauss P. J.
Published: January 2014

Church, state and political models in ‘Church and Society - 1990’ In this article the author looks into motives and trends surrounding the viewpoints of the document ‘Church and Society - 1990’ with regard to the relationship between both the church and the state and the church and practical political models in South Africa. This document of the 1990 General Synod of the Dutch Reformed Church - traditionally labelled as a significant pro-apartheid church - is the sequel to a statement by a previous Synod four years earlier. The main finding is that ‘Church and Society - 1990’ tends to give a Scriptural basis to current political tendencies and thinking in South African government circles.
Hoe praat ons oor/van God? Teologiese idiome van gister en van vandag
Authors: Van Aarde A. G.
Published: January 2014

How does one speak about/of God? Theological idioms in the past and present In transitional stages theologians perceive that proven theories, models or methods become dated and that the specific idiom in which one speaks about/of God is not relevant any more. A theological idiom is defined as an example of the dicta used in the framework of a particular conceptual frame of reference. By presenting an overview of selected theological idioms used in the past and present, this article aims to propose a model for practising theology today. The selection is made from the following conceptual frames of reference: Middle Platonism, Aristotelian Scholasticism, Reformed Theology, Reformed Orthodoxy, Liberal Theology, Dialectical Theology and Contextual Theology.
Die funksie van die ‘danksegging(s)’ in 1 Tessalonisense
Authors: Cornelius E.
Published: January 2014

The function of the ‘thanksgiving(s)’ in 1 Thessalonians The aim of this article is to determine the possible communicative function(s) of the 'thanksgiving (s)’ in 1 Thessalonians. Traditionally more than one ‘thanksgiving’ is identified in this letter (contrasting the other Pauline letters containing only one ‘thanksgiving’). Approaches like the formalist and /or ‘content’ approaches are rendered as inadequate to deal with this problem. The interactive model seems to be a more satisfactory approach to determine the function(s) of these sections in 1 Thessalonians. This approach leads to the conclusion that ‘thanksgiving’ is a misnomer for these sections in 1 Thessalonians; their function is rather to render the implied reader favourable towards the encoded author so that he/she can be receptive to his argumentation.
Metodes in die Christelike etiek
Authors: Naudé R. M.
Published: January 2014

Methods in Christian ethics The basic question in Christian ethics is not primarily ‘What should I do?’ The basic question is rather ‘How should I know what I should do?’ This article describes two methods, namely, the inductive and the deductive methods as existing answers to the ‘how’ question. Due to criticism on these methods a symbiotic method is proposed as an alternative answer. The theological point of departure is that God and man exist symbiotic, that is co-existent to each other. The conclusion reached from this point of departure, is that the relationship between God and man, Scripture and the situation is of reflective nature and should therefore be accepted as being part of the method used in Christian ethics.
Toward the recovery of common sense in a post-critical intellectual ethos
Authors: Cannon Dale
Published: January 2014

This article attempts to articulate what philosopherscientist Michael Polanyi meant by a post-critical intellectual ethos and to explore its implications for concrete academic practice. The modern critical tradition’s strategy for defeating the demon of self-doubt and for securing certainty, as Hannah Arendt has written, restricts serious candidates for belief to those whose conditions of truth can be rendered wholly immanent to focal consciousness within a point of view that is simply taken for granted. Thereby it forecloses the possibility of recognizing the partiality of its own perspective vis-á-vis that of others, taking into account the relevant perspectives of other persons, and reaching any kind of sense in common between perspectives. The institutionalization of this strategy in 20th century academic life is amply and insightfully documented in Bruce Wilshire’s Moral Collapse of the University. Michael Polanyi, in his writings, adumbrates a post-critical intellectual ethos in which the making of sense in common between persons of differing perspective is central to the enterprise of teaching, learning, and research.
Die opkoms en huidige stand van die Nuwe-Testamentiese ondersoek in Suid-Afrika: Deel 1
Authors: Du Toit A. B.
Published: January 2014

The rise and current state of New Testament research in South Africa In the first part of this presentation the ground-breaking contributions of John William Colenso and Johannes du Plessis are summarily characterized, as well as the pioneering role of EP Groenewald, WJ Snyman and AS Geyser.
A postmodern Christology with Christ but without the Son of God?
Authors: P. D.
Published: January 2014

In this review article, the revisioned christology developed by the American theologian Mark Kline Taylor in the chapter ‘Christ as rough Beast’ in his book ‘Remembering Esperanza’ (1990) is discussed critically. The cultural- political theology developed by Taylor, in which he ‘moves’ from autobiographical elements to theological reflection in addressing the postmodern trilemma in North America, is explained. It is shown how Taylor, through his cultural-political hermeneutics of tradition, unfolds his christology as a fourfold christology in which Christ designates an intersubjective, socio-historical force for reconciliatory emancipation. Finally, his christological interpretation is critically compared by means of formal similarities with that of the German New Testament scholar Rudolf Bultmann (1884-1976).
The function of poetic speech in the narrative in Daniel 2
Authors: Venter P. M.
Published: January 2014

Two poetic sections are identified and investigated in Daniel 2. Attention is paid to the function of these poems within the narrative in Daniel 2 and its particular structure. The conclusion is drawn that poetic speech is used here as a focusing technique to point out the main themes of the narrative.
Teologiese opleiding in Suid-Afrika: ’n Toekomsblik
Authors: Burden J. J.
Published: January 2014

Theological training in South Africa: A preview What makes theological education theological? This question has been discussed from different perspectives in the past as well as in the present. The author concludes with his own definition of theological education: it is a dialogical event through which people partake in critical enquiry, testing the validity of religious witness. The unity and diversity - as well as the character-building and academic excellence - of theological education is discussed. The implications of this dialogue for our South African context is briefly considered.
’n Voordrag van Adrianus van Seims oor hermeneutiek
Authors: Boshoff P. B.
Published: January 2014

A lecture on hermeneutics by Adrianus van Seims This article is the content of a lecture on hermeneutics given by A van Seims. After a few opening words on the introduction to the lecture and its content, the presentation is reproduced in its entirety. Van Seims considers that hermeneutics is concerned not only with interpreting God’s revelation to mankind, but also with expressing man’s repentance and obedience to God. As regards the exegesis of The Scriptures, the schema of ‘promise-fulfillment’, typoplogy, allegory and interpretation through grammar and history are discussed. Van Seims calls the method he follows ‘functional hermeneutics’, implying that the interpretation given should perform, in circumstances of present-day readers, the function that it did originally. Jeremiah 28 is used as example.
Enkele opmerkings oor die wese van die kerk
Authors: Pelser G. M.M.
Published: January 2014

Some remarks on the nature of the church This article is an endeavour, broadly based on the New Testament, to formulate by means of a number of theses with comments, what may be regarded as the most distinctive characteristics of the church. It represents a selection of traits taken from different New Testament documents, which show a preference for the Pauline understanding of the concept, as well as for the earlier over against later institutionalized versions of ecclesiastical self-understanding as expressed, for example, in the Pastorals.
Oorreding in evangelisasie
Authors: Van der Merwe P. J.
Published: January 2014

Persuasion in evangelism Is persuasion as researched and applied in the different secular fields relevant to evangelism? To many evangelists this is hardly a question to consider, since they take a positive answer as self evident. It is a different matter however when faith in Jesus Christ is marketed as a means to heavenly retirement, or when the fears and emotions of persons are manipulated in order to pressure- sell the gospel. This article looks at two examples of applied persuasion, i e in marketing, and in training and management. One of the aims of evangelism, conversion, is also considered. It is found that many of the principles and techniques of persuasion as formulated may indeed be used in influencing and persuading nonbelievers on condition that specific principles be honoured. The article aims at addressing four principles in this regard.
‘Shakespeare in the bush’ and encountering the other in the hermeneutical dialectic of belonging and distanciation
Authors: Waetjen H. C.
Published: January 2014

‘Shakespeare in the Bush’ is an account of an anthropologist’s hermeneutical experience among the Tiv people of Nigeria that serves as an illustration o f a hermeneutical circle which results in transforming the otherness of a text into the sameness of the prejudices artd traditions projected by the preunderstanding in order to understand. This essay poses the hermeneutical objective of validity in interpretation by advocating an encounter with the otherness of the text that is orientated to the speech performance of the author, as it is conveyed by the textual structures of the implied author and the implied reader. Heidegger’s artd Gadamer’s ontological condition of being-in-the-world and its projection of understanding are acknowledged as the only legitimate point o f departure for interpretation. If alienating distanciation is to be evoked by an ‘effective historical consciousness’, a text must be read with the ‘irony of interpretation’ that interacts with it, the text, as both a speech performance (parole) and a linguistic code (langue).
Die opkoms en huidige stand van die Nuwe-Testamentiese ondersoek in Suid-Afrika: Deel 3 - ’n Kritiese evaluasie
Authors: Du Toit A. B.
Published: January 2014

The rise and current state of New Testament research in South Africa: Part 3 - A critical evaluation First the pros and cons of the South African emphasis on methodology arw discussed. On the positive side a much greater sensitivity for methodological austerity has been developed. On the negative side New Testament research has not contributed enough towards serving theology and the church at large. In dealing with the problem of relevancy in the socio-political field, it is acknowledged that more should be done, without putting the specific character of New Testament studies in jeopardy. The burning issue of the relationship between faith and reason should be tackled. The correct approach seems to be respecting the tension between these two entities, while at the same time working and striving towards closing the gap between them.
Die filioque: Ekumeniese speelbal of reformatories teologiese noodsaaklikheid
Authors: Otto J. , Koekemoer J. H.
Published: January 2014

The filioque The current debate within the ecumenical movement about the filioque has its origin in the Greek Orthodox church’s demand that the Nicenco- Constantinopolitanum be accepted in its original form. Only if a universally acceptable symbol is found, can there be any hope of progress in the movement to unity. The choice put by the ecumenical movement is between unity and filioque. It is the contention in this article that this choice is a false one. From an overview of the most important historical aspects of the problem, the reader is confronted by the problem. This is followed by a discussion of the points of view of the orthodox church, the ecumenical movement and Protestant theology. This discussion shows the impasse which the choice between fdioque and unity creates. A discussion of the concept of models, as instrument within theological language, has as goal to show that this impasse can be solved. I f theological language uses models in its discussions, any talk about filioque will be open to more than one interpretation. Filioque can still be used to say something about the Trinity, even in the ecumenical movement.
Op die voetspoor van Harold Henry Rowley (1890-1969)
Authors: Spangenberg I. J.J.
Published: January 2014

On the trail of Harold Heniy Rowley (1890-1969) H H Rowley can he described as an enigmatic Old Testament scholar. Hailed as one of the leading Old Testament biblical theologians of the forties and fifties, he was also criticized for his ‘middle-of-the-road’ conclusions. This article takes a brief look at his academic career and biblical scholarship, it is argued that he is an exponent of the biblical theology movement in his attempts to reconcile the results of the historical- critical method with the traditional creeds of Christianity. Unfortunately he was not very successful because he did not regard the results of New Testament historical-critical research seriously. He was reluctant to admit that there was a difference between the historical Jesus and Christ as proclaimed by the church. Perhaps there are a few lessons to be learned from his timidity.
’n Verkennende studie met die oog op die identifisering en kategorisering van leerteorieë met verwysing na die prediking
Authors: Van den Berg C. M. , Dreyer T. F.J.
Published: January 2014

An introductory study to identify and classify theories of learning with regard to the task of preaching Learning is a lifelong process in which man must be what he can be, namely a being interacting with his world in a creative problem-solving manner for the well-being of himself and others. In a similar sense the church has always seen her task in preaching, supported by all the other domains of churchlife, as that of teaching people to come to terms with the gospel of Jesus Christ in their daily existence. This article proposes to identify, categorize and integrate the acknowledged theories underlying the learning process, as they exist in the social sciences, into an allencompassing model for learning; a model from which conclusions are drawn in the hope that further studies can spell out the implications of these conclusions as they are applicable to the task of preaching within the church.
Mag ‘slegs blankes!’ hier aanbid?
Authors: Van Staden P.
Published: January 2014

May ‘whites only!’ worship here? This is the first of a two-part study in which an assessment is made of the arguments prohibiting people of colour from attending regular Sunday services in the Nederduitsch Hervormde KerL Under the present heading the historical background that gave rise to the exclusivist measures is investigated and the arguments for maintaining these measures in the present are evaluated. The study argues that Jesus’ instruction to proclaim the message of God’s saving grace to the world may not be curtailed by measures excluding anybody from the opportunity to hear that message whenever it is preached.
Nog steeds geslote eredienste? Deel 2
Authors: Van Wyk I. W.C.
Published: January 2014

Should church services still be closed? Part 2 This paper - in two parts - deals with the question of whether the Nede duitsch Hervormde Church should continue being a church for white pe sons only. The auther argues that this practice is not according to bibl cal teachings and, at the same time, that it will be unwise to continue under the future sociopolitical circumstances in South Africa. He there fore calls on the Nederduitsch Hervormde Church to abandon this practice as it will bring the church into conflict with its own theological tradition
Metabolic Benefits of Six-month Thiamine Supplementation in Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Authors: Al-Attas Omar , Al-Daghri Nasser , Alokail Majed , Abd-Alrahman Sherif , Vinodson Benjamin , Sabico Shaun
Published: January 2014

Thiamine deficiency has been documented to be prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus, and correction of thiamine deficiency in this population may provide beneficial effects in several cardiometabolic parameters, including prevention of impending complications secondary to chronic hyperglycemia. In this interventional study, we aim to determine whether thiamine supplementation is associated with cardiometabolic improvements in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). A total of 86 subjects (60 DMT2 and 26 age- and BMI-matched controls) were included and were given thiamine supplements (100 mg/day) for six months. Anthropometrics and metabolic profiles were measured routinely. Serum thiamine and its derivatives were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. In all groups, there was a significant decrease in total cholesterol after three months ( p = 0.03) as well as in HDL cholesterol after six months of thiamine supplementation ( p = 0.009). Significant improvements were also observed in the mean serum levels of creatinine ( p = 0.001), as well as thiamine and its derivatives in both serum and urinary levels across follow-up visits ( p-values 0.002 and <0.001, respectively). In the DMT2 group, improvements were observed in lipid profile (mean serum LDL and total cholesterol with ^-values 0.008 and 0.006, respectively), serum thiamine ( p < 0.001), TMP ( p < 0.001), TDP ( p < 0.001), urinary thiamine ( p < 0.001) and serum creatinine ( p < 0.001). Thiamine supplementation is a promising adjuvant therapy for patients with DMT2. Longer clinical trials are needed to determine its protective effect in DMT2 complications.
A uniqueness result for the continuity equation in two dimensions
Authors: Alberti Giovanni , Bianchini Stefano , Crippa Gianluca
Published: January 2014

We characterize the autonomous, divergence-free vector fields

b

on the plane such that the Cauchy problem for the continuity equation

\partial_t u + \div(bu)=0

admits a unique bounded solution (in the weak sense) for every bounded initial datum; the characterization is given in terms of a property of Sard type for the potential

f

associated to

b

. As a corollary we obtain uniqueness under the assumption that the curl of

b

is a measure. This result can be extended to certain non-autonomous vector fields

b

with bounded divergence.
Quantization of Drinfeld Zastava in type $A$
Authors: Finkelberg Michael , Rybnikov Leonid
Published: January 2014

Drinfeld Zastava is a certain closure of the moduli space of maps from the projective line to the Kashiwara flag scheme of the affine Lie algebra

\hat{sl}_n

. We introduce an affine, reduced, irreducible, normal quiver variety

Z

which maps to the Zastava space bijectively at the level of complex points. The natural Poisson structure on the Zastava space can be described on

Z

in terms of Hamiltonian reduction of a certain Poisson subvariety of the dual space of a (nonsemisimple) Lie algebra. The quantum Hamiltonian reduction of the corresponding quotient of its universal enveloping algebra produces a quantization

Y

of the coordinate ring of

Z

. The same quantization was obtained in the finite (as opposed to the affine) case generically in [4]. We prove that, for generic values of quantization parameters,

Y

is a quotient of the affine Borel Yangian.
Sharp bounds for the intersection of nodal lines with certain curves
Authors: Jung Junehyuk
Published: January 2014

Let

Y

be a hyperbolic surface and let

\phi

be a Laplacian eigenfunction having eigenvalue

-1/4-\tau^2

with

\tau>0

. Let

N(\phi)

be the set of nodal lines of

\phi

. For a fixed analytic curve

\gamma

of finite length, we study the number of intersections between

N(\phi)

and

\gamma

in terms of

\tau

. When

Y

is compact and

\gamma

a geodesic circle, or when

Y

has finite volume and

\gamma

is a closed horocycle, we prove that

\gamma

is “good” in the sense of [TZ]. As a result, we obtain that the number of intersections between

N(\phi)

and

\gamma

is

O(\tau)

. This bound is sharp.
On a noncommutative Iwasawa main conjecture for varieties over finite fields
Authors: Witte Malte
Published: January 2014

We formulate and prove an analogue of the noncommutative Iwasawa main conjecture for

\ell

-adic Lie extensions of a separated scheme

X

of finite type over a finite field of characteristic prime to

\ell

.
One-parameter contractions of Lie-Poisson brackets
Authors: Yakimova Oksana
Published: January 2014

We consider contractions of Lie and Poisson algebras and the behaviour of their centres under contractions. A polynomial Poisson algebra

{\mathcal A}=\mathbb K[\mathbb A^n]

is said to be of Kostant type, if its centre

Z({\mathcal A})

is freely generated by homogeneous polynomials

F_1,\ldots,F_r

such that they give Kostant's regularity criterion on

\mathbb A^n

(

d_xF_i

are linear independent if and only if the Poisson tensor has the maximal rank at

x

). If the initial Poisson algebra is of Kostant type and

F_i

satisfy a certain degree-equality, then the contraction is also of Kostant type. The general result is illustrated by two examples. Both are contractions of a simple Lie algebra

\gt g

corresponding to a decomposition

\gt g=\gt h \oplus V

, where

\gt h

is a subalgebra. Here

{\mathcal A}={\mathcal S}(\gt g)=\mathbb K[\gt g^*]

,

Z({\mathcal A})={\mathcal S}(\gt g)^\gt g

, and the contracted Lie algebra is a semidirect product of

\gt h

and an Abelian ideal isomorphic to

\gt g/\gt h

as an

\gt h

-module. In the first example,

\gt h

is a symmetric subalgebra and in the second, it is a Borel subalgebra and

V

is the nilpotent radical of an opposite Borel.
Ter leering ende vermaeck - Kroniek van het Nederlands als vreemde taal
Authors: Zijlmans Lidy
Published: January 2014

In de IN van mei 2011 verscheen de kroniek van het NVT onder de titel ‘Deel 1, 2 en 3’ over leergangen die alle niveaus aanbieden, waarmee studenten en cursisten van niveau 0 tot en met B2 kunnen doorleren volgens één bepaald en vertrouwd stramien. Het jaar 2012 was het jaar van het afronden. CODE Plus, de opvolger van Code! is inmiddels compleet, evenals Contact!
Verbondenheid en lidmaatschapsduur - De leden van de Algemeene Nederlandsche Diamantbewerkersbond (ANDB) in de eerste decennia van zijn bestaan, 1898-1913
Authors: Schijf Huibert , Tammes Peter
Published: January 2014

With the industrialisation of the Netherlands connections between people changed and new organisations were founded. Among these newly established organisations was the General Dutch Diamond Workers’ Union (ANDB). The large majority of the workers in the diamond sector became
a member. In this article we focus on the importance of different types of connectedness within this union and sector and the duration of membership in the period 1898-1913 for a random sample of 817 members. We analysed the information from their membership cards with the use of event history
analysis to examine which members had a higher chance of resigning, and who had a higher chance of being expelled from the membership list. Jewish members had a higher chance of resigning; they were probably less dependent on the diamond industry in Amsterdam due to their better opportunities
to work in the diamond industry in Antwerp. Members unemployed for a longer period of time also had a higher chance of resigning; they had probably lost connection with the sector while membership became financially unattractive. Furthermore, the likelihood to resign or to be expelled decreased
as membership length increased. Members whose contribution debt increased had a higher chance of being expelled. Moreover, Jewish members had a lower chance of being expelled, probably due to the religious and/or family connectedness with members of the board and other union members, as about
two thirds of union members were Jewish. The difference in the impact of types of connectedness on membership duration might have resulted in some homogeneity among the members within the ANDB.
Driegeneraties- en tweeoudersvragen over het opleidingsniveau van mannen en vrouwen in Nederland
Authors: Wolbers Maarten H.J. , Ultee Wout C.
Published: January 2014

This article estimates for the Netherlands linear regression models for an individual’s level of education by bringing in parental as well as grandparental level of education. The prime question is that of the association between education in the first and third generation after
holding constant education in the second generation. For the empirical analysis, we used the five available waves of the Family Survey Dutch Population as conducted in 1992-1993, 1998, 2000, 2003 and 2009. Since both primary respondents and their partner were interviewed about their father,
mother and offspring, we could estimate statistical models in which the educational level of all grown-up children was regressed on the educational level of both parents and all four grandparents. The results show that grandfather’s level of education has a direct effect on his grandchild’s
level of education, controlled for the educational level of one of the parents. In a model with both mother’s and father’s education, no longer a direct effect of grandfather’s education is found. This suggests that the direct effect of grandfather’s education has become
indirect. Furthermore, the positive effect of grandfather’s education on his grandchild’s education declines as a function of parental education. In fact, only children with low educated parents profit from a high educated grandfather.
Redactioneel
Authors: De Vogelaer Gunther
Published: January 2014

De jongste maanden is het productieproces van Taal & Tongval ingrijpend gewijzigd, en is onder meer gekozen voor een vernieuwe vormgeving voor het tijdschrift. De redactie is verheugd om het resultaat van die wijzigingen te kunnen presenteren. De wijzigingen in het productieproces
en de vormgeving resulteren uit de overstap van het tijdschrift naar Amsterdam University Press (AUP) nadat het zowel onwenselijk als onmogelijk was gebleken om de productie in de onmiddelijke entourage van de redactie te blijven verzorgen. Amsterdam University Press is binnen de Lage Landen
één van de toonaangevende uitgeverijen op het domein van de geesteswetenschappen en bereikt in toenemende mate een internationaal leespubliek. De uitgeverij wil zich in de toekomst in sterke mate blijven toeleggen op publicaties in het domein van de Nederlandse taal en cultuur.
De redactie hoopt dat het gestroomlijnde productieproces zal zorgen voor kortere doorlooptijden van de nummers, en dat de nieuwe vormgeving het leesplezier ten goede komt.
BoekbesprekingenSmits, Tom F.H. (2011). Strukturwandel in Grenzdialekten. Die Konsolideierung der niederländisch-deutschen Staatsgrenze als Dialektgrenz. Stuttgart: Steiner (= ZDL Beihefte 146). 360 Seiten. 53,- €, ISBN 978-3-515-09946-2.
Authors: Spiekermann Helmut
Published: January 2014

Die Untersuchung zu Dialekten in Winterswijk und Vreden, die Tom Smits vorgelegt hat, reiht sich ein in Arbeiten, die eine mehrere Jahrzehnte andauernde Forschungsfrage rund um die Dialekte an der deutsch-niederländischen Grenze zum Thema haben: Wie wirkt sich die Staatsgrenze
auf die Entwicklung der Dialekte aus. Genauer gesagt geht es um die Frage, ob die Standardsprachen dies- und jenseits der Grenze die Dialekte so stark beeinflussen, dass von einem Auseinandergehen der Dialekte, die historisch ein sprachliches Kontinuum darstellten, gesprochenen werden muss.
Wichtige Forschungsarbeiten dazu wurden u.a. von Ludger Kremer und Hermann Niebaum geleistet. Tom Smits reiht sich hier nahtlos ein.
Projections of atmospheric mercury levels and their effect on air quality in the United States
Authors: Lei H. , Wuebbles D. J. , Liang X.-Z. , Tao Z. , Olsen S. , Artz R. , Ren X. , Cohen M.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. The individual and combined effects of global climate change and emissions changes from 2000 to 2050 on atmospheric mercury levels in the United States are investigated by using the global climate-chemistry model, CAM-Chem, coupled with a mercury chemistry-physics mechanism (CAM-Chem/Hg). Three future pathways from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) are considered, with the A1FI, A1B and B1 scenarios representing the upper, middle and lower bounds of potential climate warming, respectively. The anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of mercury are projected from the energy use assumptions in the IPCC SRES report. Natural emissions from both land and ocean sources are projected by using dynamic schemes. TGM concentration increases are greater in the low latitudes than they are in the high latitudes, indicative of a larger meridional gradient than in the present day. In the A1FI scenario, TGM concentrations in 2050 are projected to increase by 2.1–4.0 ng m−3 for the eastern US and 1.4–3.0 ng m−3 for the western US. This spatial difference corresponds to potential increases in wet deposition of 10–14 μg m−2 for the eastern US and 2–4 μg m−2 for the western US. The increase in Hg(II) emissions tends to enhance wet deposition and hence increase the risk of higher mercury entering the hydrological cycle and ecosystem. In the B1 scenario, mercury concentrations in 2050 are similar to present level concentrations; this finding indicates that the domestic reduction in mercury emissions is essentially counteracted by the effects of climate warming and emissions increases in other regions. The sensitivity analyses show that changes in anthropogenic emissions contribute 32–53% of projected changes in mercury air concentration, while the independent contribution by climate change and its induced natural emissions change accounts for 47–68%.
Annual CO2 budget and seasonal CO2 exchange signals at a High Arctic permafrost site on Spitsbergen, Svalbard archipelago
Authors: Lüers J. , Westermann S. , Piel K. , Boike J.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. The annual variability of CO2 exchange in most ecosystems is primarily driven by the activities of plants and soil microorganisms. However, little is known about the carbon balance and its controlling factors outside the growing season in arctic regions dominated by soil freeze/thaw-processes, long-lasting snow cover, and several months of darkness. This study presents a complete annual cycle of the CO2 net ecosystem exchange (NEE) dynamics for a High Arctic tundra area on the west coast of Svalbard based on eddy-covariance flux measurements. The annual cumulative CO2 budget is close to zero grams carbon per square meter per year, but shows a very strong seasonal variability. Four major CO2 exchange seasons have been identified. (1) During summer (ground snow-free), the CO2 exchange occurs mainly as a result of biological activity, with a predominance of strong CO2 assimilation by the ecosystem. (2) The autumn (ground snow-free or partly snow-covered) is dominated by CO2 respiration as a result of biological activity. (3) In winter and spring (ground snow-covered), low but persistent CO2 release occur, overlain by considerable CO2 exchange events in both directions associated with changes of air masses and air and atmospheric CO2 pressure. (4) The snow melt season (pattern of snow-free and snow-covered areas), where both, meteorological and biological forcing, resulting in a visible carbon uptake by the high arctic ecosystem. Data related to this article are archived under: http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.809507.
Seismic constraints on dynamic links between geomorphic processes and routing of sediment in a steep mountain catchment
Authors: Burtin A. , Hovius N. , McArdell B. W. , Turowski J. M. , Vergne J.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. Landscape dynamics are determined by interactions amongst geomorphic processes. These interactions allow the effects of tectonic, climatic and seismic perturbations to propagate across topographic domains, and permit the impacts of geomorphic process events to radiate from their point of origin. Visual remote sensing and in situ observations do not fully resolve the spatiotemporal patterns of surface processes in a landscape. As a result, the mechanisms and scales of geomorphic connectivity are poorly understood. Because many surface processes emit seismic signals, seismology can determine their type, location and timing with a resolution that reveals the operation of integral landscapes. Using seismic records, we show how hillslopes and channels in an Alpine catchment are interconnected to produce evolving, sediment-laden flows. This is done for a convective storm, which triggered a sequence of hillslope processes and debris flows. We observe the evolution of these process events and explore the operation of two-way links between mass wasting and channel processes, which are fundamental to the dynamics of most erosional landscapes. We also track the characteristics and propagation of flows along the debris flow channel, relating changes of observed energy to the deposition/mobilization of sediments, and using the spectral content of debris flow seismic signals to qualitatively infer sediment characteristics and channel abrasion potential. This seismological approach can help to test theoretical concepts of landscape dynamics and yield understanding of the nature and efficiency of links between individual geomorphic processes, which is required to accurately model landscape dynamics under changing tectonic or climatic conditions and to anticipate the natural hazard risk associated with specific meteorological events.