bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conjugate Heat Transfer U-Shaped Silicon Rod with the Environment with Gas Thermogravitational Convection
Authors: Berdnikov Vladimir , Mitin Konstantin , Mitina Alina
Published: December 2021

The conjugated natural convective heat transfer of electrically heated U-shaped silicon rod which placed in a rectangular container filled with gas with isothermal cold walls was numerically studied in a three-dimensional formulation of the problem. The temperature was maintained constant at the control point which placed on a surface of the U-shaped rod by selection of voltage. Temperature difference between the control point and the cold walls is 70 K. The equations of natural convections in Cartesian coordinates with Boussinesq approximation in terms of temperature, vortex and vector potential of velocity field were solver by FEM. Convective flows spatial form and temperature fields inside gas and the solid were investigated
Diffusion Hydrogen Microjet Combustion (Round Bevelled Nozzle)
Authors: Grek Genrich , Katasonov Mikhail , Kozlov Grigory , Litvinenko Maria
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this work is experimental study of diffusion combustion of the round hydrogen microjet at the 45° bevelled nozzle. The new phenomenon is revealed during combustion of a given hydrogen microjet, which we have named «bottleneck», as well as in a situation of the round and plane microjet combustion. The special attention has been given to research of characteristics of the «bottleneck» development and its role during of a hydrogen round microjet combustion. It is shown, that «bottleneck» represents the closed spherical area of the hydrogen with air mixture combustion in a jet near-field. The «bottleneck» area is closed by a powerful density gradient. It is found, that the laminar hydrogen jet in this area overcomes a density gradient of gas, becomes turbulent and combustion process is accompanied both a turbulent jet, and a turbulent flame further downstream evolution. It is shown, that the spatial size of a «bottleneck» decreases with growth of a jet velocity. It is found, that shadow patterns of the microjet combustion obtained for two shooting positions (normal and side view to the bevelled nozzle) were identical.
Optical Gain Coefficient Measurement Of Colloidal Solution Of Spasers
Authors: Benimetskiy Fedor , Plekhanov Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

Optical gain coefficient of colloidal solution of spasers was measured by the variable stripe length method, where the intensity of the amplified spontaneous emission from the sample edge is measured as a function of excited volume. Spasers consist of gold core-silica (porous) shell nanoparticles penetrated with fluorescein. Under these conditions, we observed the exponential growth and narrowing of line and directivity of stimulated emission. The obtained optical gain coefficient of spaser colloids in fluorescein solution in ethanol is g = 16,2 cm–1. Separately, fluorescein solution in ethanol had g = 3,7 cm–1.
Interplay Of Superconductivity And Magnetic Excitations In Multiorbital Systems
Authors: Korshunov Maxim , Togushova Yuliya
Published: December 2021

We have considered the impact of the nontrivial superconducting order parameter on the magnetic susceptibility within the multiorbital model for the iron-based materials. The formation of the spin-resonance peak is demonstrated and its connection to the experimental data on the inelastic neutron scattering is discussed.
Features Of Multi-Screen Display Of Distributed Multimedia Data
Authors: Gorodilov Mikhail , Dolgovesov Boris , Khramtsov Ivan , Radostev Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to solving some of the issues of distributed multimedia data display on large screens. In particular, we consider the problem of synchronization of the process of parallel rendering and output of video fragments to the appropriate modules of multiscreen display systems. Proposed synchronization algorithm and its implementation using graphics accelerators, provides visual continuity of dynamic scenes when displayed on a multiscreen. The problems of managing distributed input data stream for multiscreen display are considered.
Definition Of The Parameters Of Surface Undulations For Small Scale Aircraft Wing
Authors: Zverkov Ilya , Kryukov Alexey , Grek Genrich , Konovalov I. , Evtushok Georgiy
Published: December 2021

This work is devoted to investigation of flow parameters on classic and wavy wing with Z-15-25 profile in area of Reynolds number from 0,35 to 2 ´ 105 with α = 0ᶛ. The oil-film visualization are demonstrate the transformation of separation area on low Reynolds wing surfaces. Influence of distribution of a pressure gradient on a profile upon the sizes of separation area is shown and limits of applicability of a wavy surface of a wing are defined. The thermoanemometric data provided to determine boundary layer thickness and pulsation characteristics. As shown that at Reynolds number area 0,6–2 ´ 105 the mechanisms of flow instability and laminar-turbulent transition are invariable and depend from local boundary layer parameters at preseparation area. As well as for a classical wing, in the area of a groove of a wavy wing, the central frequency of a package of waves of instability of a shift layer can be well foretold both by means of the linear theory of stability, and by means of a hypothesis that the wavelength of the running indignations is proportional to the doubled boundary layer thickness. At result the technique of a finding of parameters of a undulations of a wing for any profile in the range of numbers of Reynolds from 104 до 105 is offered.
Mathematical Modeling Of Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic And Acoustic Impact On Formation In Combination With Solvent Injection
Authors: Izmaylova Gulnara , Kovaleva Liana , Nasyrov Nur
Published: December 2021

We investigate the possibility of increasing the efficiency of extraction of high-viscosity oil combined effect of radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic (EM) and acoustic fields on the formation and miscible displacement oil solvent. A mathematical model of two-stage impact on the oil reservoir. At the 1st stage, the heating of the formation RF electromagnetic and acoustic field. At the 2nd stage the RF heating of the formation with simultaneous injection of low-viscosity solvent.
Budget Of The Scalar Variance Equation In A Turbulent Patch Arising From Lee Wave Breaking
Authors: Yakovenko Sergey
Published: December 2021

Based on averaged data of the direct numerical simulations, statistical moments are obtained in a turbulent patch arising after lee wave overturning in a flow with stable stratification and obstacle. Temporal evolution and spatial behavior of the scalar-variance transport equation budget have been studied. A priori estimations of algebraic approximations for scalar dissipation, scalar variance and turbulent-diffusion processes in the scalar-variance equation have been carried out. Such an analysis is helpful to explore the turbulent patch in terms of statistical moments, and to verify closure hypotheses in turbulence models. In the global balance of the scalar-variance equation, the compensation of production by dissipation and advection is shown, as for the turbulent kinetic energy equation. The ratio of turbulent time scales of the scalar and velocity fields varies from 0.2 to 2.2 within the wave breaking region, and the global value of this parameter is close to unity during the quasisteady period. The algebraic expression derived from the assumption of production and dissipation balance is incorrect leading to unphysical negative values, therefore the use of the full scalarvariance equation in the turbulent transport model is justified.
Slotted Channel As A Gasdynamical Source Of Ignition And Flame Stabilization In The Supersonic Combustion Chamber
Authors: Goldfeld Marat , Zakharova Yuliya , Starov Alexey , Timofeev Konstantin
Published: December 2021

The original scheme of flame stabilization in the channel at close to cocurrent fuel supply for the fuel combustion at a high supersonic speed has been designed. Such solution provides high temperature of a stream in a zone of fuel-air mixture formation. Computational and experimental investigations of self-ignition and combustion of hydrogen were carried out in the model of combustor chamber with slotted channel (gasdynamical source of ignition) at Mach numbers 3.7 and 5.8 at the entrance. Tests have been performed in hot-shot wind tunnel IT-302M of ITAM SB RAS in a mode of the attached pipe. Numerical study has been performed on the basis of solving the full averaged Navier-Stokes equations, supplemented k-Q SST turbulence model. Configuration of the slotted channel has been designed with two variants of exit nozzle: with and without geometrical throat. It has been established that at the channel entrance two vortexes with high temperature have been appeared. Temperature has been keeping high in the channel with geometrical throat and at blocking of the slotted channel without throat. It was found that uniform subsonic stream in the channel with geometrical throat has been realized. The stream in the slotted channel without geometrical throat keeps supersonic but Mach number was lower than in the main channel. The structure of the flow at the slotted channel exit is significantly differs for this both cases.
Laminar Supersonic Boundary Layer Of The Binary Gas Mixture
Authors: Gaponov Sergey , Smorodsky Boris
Published: December 2021

Theoretical investigation of the properties of a compressible binary-mixture boundary-layer in the framework of local self-similar boundary-layer equations. We have considered the problem, when the foreign gas of various molecular weights – lighter and heavier than air – has been injected into the flat-plate boundary-layer through the permeable model surface. Computations of the binarymixture velocity, density and temperature profiles as well as foreign gas concentration in such boundary layers at different Mach numbers have been performed. It has been found that increase of a foreign gas injection leads to a monotonous decrease of the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients. It has been established that at free stream Mach number M2 action of a heavy gas injection from the model surface into the boundary layer is similar to the action of the model cooling. This injection increases the density of the mixture near the wall. As a result, the profiles of the supersonic boundary layer are modified in such a way that the boundary-layer linear stability should be increased with injection of a foreign gas with high molecular weight. This in turn should lead to a shift in position of the laminar-turbulent transition downstream.
Experimental Investigation Of Detailed Structure Of Gas-Liquid Flow In Rectangular Microchannel
Authors: Bartkus German , Bartkus German , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Kuznetsov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

The detailed structure of upward gas-liquid flow of water and nitrogen in a vertical microchannel with a rectangular cross-section 420 × 280 µm was experimentally investigated. The experiments were conducted using the methods of high-speed video and laser-induced fluorescence. In a wide range of flow rates the characteristic regimes of the gas-liquid flow were defined, velocity of elongated bubbles and the local thickness of the liquid film were measured. The dependence of the local film thickness on the capillary number was determined and it was found that the Taylor Law for rectangular channel is not fully implemented due to the deformation of the interface and the contraction of the liquid into the corners of the channel by capillary force.
Experimental Study Of Effects Of Couple Weak Waves On Laminar-Turbulent Transition On Attachment Line Of Swept Cylinder
Authors: Yatskih Alex , Kolosov Gleb , Kosinov Aleksandr , Yermolaev Yuri , Panina Aleksandra , Semionov Nikolay
Published: December 2021

Experimental data of investigation of the influence of outer couple weak shock waves on the laminar-turbulent transition on attachment line of swept cylinder in supersonic flow are presented. The couple of waves were generated by a two-dimensional roughness on the wall of the test section of supersonic tunnel. It was found that the laminar-turbulent transition on the attachment line of sliding cylinder followed by abrupt perturbation growth. In case of the great distance between falling of the waves on attachment line and the point of measurement the impact on transition was not observed. In case of the short distance between falling of the waves on attachment line and the point of measurement the laminar-turbulent transition was observed at lower unit Reynolds numbers
Structure And Morphology Of Carbon Nanofibers Synthesized On Cu Nanopowders
Authors: Partizan Gulmira , Mansurov Batyr , Medyanova Botagoz , Koshanova Аizhan , Mansurova Madina , Aliyev Bahodir , Jiang Xin
Published: December 2021

This article presents the results of experiments on the synthesis of carbon nanofibers by thermal chemical vapor deposition using copper nanopowders obtained by electric explosion of wire as catalysts. Stable growth of carbon nanofibers was carried out at temperatures significantly lower than normally used. The process parameters that are optimal for low-temperature growth of carbon nanofibers have been identified during the performed experiments. The synthesized samples have different diameters and morphology (from spiral to direct). Copper clusters are both at the ends and inside the fibers. The results of IR spectroscopy indicate that the structure of the obtained carbon nanofibers is polymeric. X-ray analysis revealed the presence of a halo on the diffraction patterns at small values of the angle 2θ, which proves that the grown structures have an amorphous nature. There are no groups that are responsible for long-range order in all Raman spectra. Studies by transmission electron microscopy showed that nanostructures do not have an internal channel and nanofibers are solid.
Electrohydrodynamic Modeling For Calculation Of Electric Mobility Of Aerosol Particles Charged In Corona Discharge
Authors: Alekseenko Anfisa , Yakimov Sergey
Published: December 2021

In this paper the mobility of aerosol particles under different parameters of the charger with corona discharge have been calculated, comparison with the experimentally measured mobility have been made. The model developed allows to evaluate the efficiency of existing chargers and optimize its parameters.
Mathematical Model Of Liquid Flow Through The Pipe Of Curcular Cross-Section
Authors: Arinstein Eduard , Tokarev Denis
Published: December 2021

This article analyses the properties of homogeneous viscous liquid flow in the pipe with variable cross-section characterized by cylindrical symmetry. The analytical approach is proposed in order to determine the flow velocity profile in the pipe’s extremium cross-sections. The conditions when dead spaces emerge in neighborhood of the maximum cross-section are identified. The particular case of problem-solving allowing prime presentation is examined for the set of current line allowing prime presentation.
Intense Beam-Plasma Interaction As A Source Of Sub-Millimeter Radiation
Authors: Arzhannikov Andrey , Timofeev Igor
Published: December 2021

Results of experimental and theoretical studies on the spectral content and polarization of submillimeter radiation generated in a dense (1014–1015 cm–3) magnetized plasma by a high-power (~1010 W) relativistic (~106 eV) electron beam are presented. The spectral and polarization characteristics of electromagnetic waves emitted from the plasma are analyzed in the frequency band (0.1– 0.5 THz) corresponding to the vicinity of the plasma frequency and its second harmonic. The observed radiation fluxes escaping from a beam-plasma system in the transverse and longitudinal direction agree with our theoretical insights based on the dominant excitation of upper-hybrid waves and their further conversion to electromagnetic radiation. For a strong turbulence, this conversion is mainly associated with two processes: the direct conversion of long-wavelength upper-hybrid weaves on small-scale density gradients and coalescence of these waves into electromagnetic ones. Theoretical predictions are found to be in quantitative agreement with experimental results.
Features Of The Diffusion Combustion Of Hydrogen Microjet At Various Spatial Orientation Of The Nozzle Exit With Top – Hat Mean Velocity Profile At The Nozzle Exit
Authors: Grek Genrich , Litvinenko Maria , Kozlov Grigory , Vikhorev Valentin
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the given work will consist in the experimental studies of features diffusion combustion of a hydrogen round microjet, effusing from micronozzle with top – hat mean velocity profile at the nozzle exit, depending on spatial orientation of the nozzle exit. It is revealed, that in conditions of a jet velocity vector orientation towards terrestrial gravitation vector «g» (opposite or perpendicular) the basic characteristics of the flame evolution depending on gas consumption (Q) (or jet velocity U) are rather close to each other. To these characteristics concern such as ranges of the «bottleneck flame area» presence, flame separation at presence of the «bottleneck flame area», presence of the «bottleneck flame area» but absence of a turbulent jet combustion and finally ending of the microjet combustion. On the contrary, in situation of the hydrogen round microjet diffusion combustion in conditions of a jet velocity vector orientation towards terrestrial gravitation vector «g» (orientability – like) the basic characteristics of the flame evolution depending on a jet velocity are sharply differed from two previous cases. The range of existence of the «bottleneck flame area» is reduced, flame separation occurs in absence of the «bottleneck flame area», there is no situation of the «bottleneck flame area» combustion at turbulent flame separation and there is no situation of the «bottleneck flame area» combustion at burn termination of the turbulent part of a microjet and finally ending of the microjet combustion occurs at the much greater jet velocity.
Modeling The Turbulent Scalar Fluxes In An Internal Wave Breaking Region In Stratified Flow With Obstacle
Authors: Yakovenko Sergey
Published: December 2021

Based on averaging of the direct numerical simulation data obtained earlier, statistical moments are calculated in a turbulent patch arising after internal wave overturning in a flow with obstacle and stable stratification. Temporal evolution and spatial behavior of the turbulent-scalar-flux transport equation budget have been studied. A priori estimations of approximations for the pressure-scalar-gradient correlation and turbulent-diffusion processes in this equation have been carried out. The performed analysis is helpful to explore the turbulent patch in terms of statistical moments, and to verify closure hypotheses in turbulence models. It is shown that, in the global balance of the turbulent-scalar-flux equation, the mean-shear and buoyancy productions and the pressure-scalargradient correlation are roughly balanced, as for the shear Reynolds stress equation, and in contrast to the scalar variance and normal Reynolds stress equations. The algebraic turbulent-scalar-flux relations of the gradient diffusion type, as well as those derived in local-equilibrium and nonequilibrium assumptions are incorrect; therefore the use of the full turbulent-scalar-flux equation is justified.
Tuneling Spectroscopy Study Of The Local Conductivity Features Of The Solid State Surface
Authors: Shterk Genrich , Kvon Ren , Nartova Anna
Published: December 2021

The procedure of the scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments on the base of air multimicroscope SMM2000T is developed. Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite single crystal was chosen as model sample. Proposed approach allows investigation of the local nonuniformity of the surface properties. The statistical confirmed difference of volt-ampere curves recorded over pyrolytic graphite terrace and steps determined by the structure features is shown
Experimental Study Of The Diffusion Combustion Of A High-Speed Round Hydrogen Microjet Part 1. Attached Flame, Subsonic Flow
Authors: Shmakov Andrey , Grek Genrich , Kozlov Viktor , Kozlov Grigory , Litvinenko Yuriy
Published: December 2021

Scenario of subsonic diffusion combustion of a round hydrogen microjet is presented in this work. Stabilization of process of the laminar hydrogen microjet flow and diffusion combustion in region of the «flame bottleneck» is found. The reason of this phenomenon is connected with existence of the toroidal vortex which is promoting as intensification of mixing process of hydrogen with air and at the same time stabilizing a laminar flow of the extended microjet and its laminar diffusion combustion. It is shown that subsonic diffusion combustion of a round hydrogen microjet of is connected with availability of the «flame bottleneck» region in a wide range of a hydrogen consumption, or microjet velocity efflux close to transonic velocity. It is found that heating of a thick-walled micronozzle from «flame bottleneck» region in case of its big thermal capacity has significant effect on characteristics of development of the hydrogen microjet combustion and leads to choked nozzle. It is revealed that the spatial size of the «flame bottleneck» region with growth of a hydrogen consumption at first sharply decreases, and then gradually increases simultaneously with change of the «flame bottleneck» region shape while combustion in this region doesn't stop.
Investigation Of The Air Flow In Heated Highly Porous Cellular Materials
Authors: Mironov Sergey , Poplavskaya Tatyana , Kirilovskiy Stanislav
Published: December 2021

Measurements of air filtration rate through the highly porous cellular materials in the presence of heating a porous material were carried out. A new measurement technique was developed and data of the dependence of the filtration rate of the temperature of air passing through the porous material were obtained with different pore size and in wide range Reynolds number. The experimental data were compared with the results of numerical modeling of the airflow in the porous samples, based on skeletal model of the cellular-porous material.
Main features of current public relations in state administration
Authors:   The Academy Of Public Administration Under The President Of The Republic Of Azerbaijan, Shukurov Anar
Published: December 2021

The formation and development of public relations has been around since the 20th century. Public relations are a growing area of development in the modern state. State and private institutions in today’s competitive environment are very interested in establishing relationships with targeted audiences, and they attach great importance to public relations in order to achieve these goals. Through public relations, public authorities and private organizations gain a positive attitude and confidence from their audiences. Organizations which want to compete better with their competitors, and have a good image and a long-term vision of development can do so through public relations. That is why this article deals with the history and essence of public relations, the more efficient construction, management and strategy of the government.
Teenagers' relationships with parents and their position in the family
Authors:   Western Caspian University, Osmanova Anagul
Published: December 2021

This article concerns the image of the parental role in adolescents, which is formed as a result of mutual relationships between adolescents and parents. The main point is the characteristic features of their age, difficulties and problems in their relationship with parents. The main feature of the coming age is considered as an attempt to reach maturity. An attempt to become an adult is regarded as avoiding parental protection and control, as well as the desire to be independent. The teenager wants to become an adult, but at the same time he (she) can not assert himself (herself). The physiological, emotional, psychological and social factors contributing to the formative value systems are considered and maintained at the center of discussion. Relationship problems between parents and adolescents remain relevant.
War Stories? Analyzing Memoirs and Autobiographical Treatments Written by American Correctional Professionals
Authors: Ross Jeffrey Ian , Tewksbury Richard , Samuelsen Lauren , Caneff Tiara
Published: December 2021

Over the past century, many American correctional professionals (including correctional officers, wardens, and support staff) have written memoirs and autobiographies that described their experiences working at one or more facilities. Although the number of books of this nature pales in comparison to those that have been written and published by convicts and exconvicts, enough of them have been released in order to warrant a more in-depth analysis. This article presents the results of a content analysis of 30 English language, American based memoirs/autobiographies published between 1996 and 2017, on 14 variables. Not only does this study contextualize these books, but it also provides an analytic framework for their review. The conclusion points out areas where continued scholarship on this topic may be conducted. In particular, the article argues that more first-hand treatments need to be conducted on the prison institution by current or former correctional professionals who have experience working inside correctional institutions.
The Moderating Effect of Prosocial Peers on the Relationships Between Peer Delinquency, Neutralization, and Violent Offending
Authors: Walters Glenn D.
Published: December 2021

The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether prosocial peer associations can serve as protective factors by interacting with key components of the peer influence effect. A moderated mediation analysis performed on 2,474 youth (52% female) from the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study (mean age = 12.13 years) revealed that Wave 2 prosocial peer associations moderated the peer delinquency–neutralization relationship. Alternately, Wave 3 prosocial peer associations moderated the neutralization–violent offending relationship. Hence, neutralization beliefs were disproportionately weaker in participants with fewer delinquent peer associations and more prosocial peer associations, whereas the effect of neutralization on delinquency was attenuated, though not eliminated, by strong prosocial peer associations. These results suggest that prosocial peer associations may serve a protective function at different points in the peer influence sequence and that they may be more than simply the converse of peer delinquency.
Comparative Evaluation of Stress Distribution of Zirconia, Cobalt Chromium and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Framework Material on an Atrophic Maxilla in All-on-6 Implant Treatment Concepts – A 3 Dimensional Finite Element Analysis
Authors:   The Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Antony Neethu Elizabeth , Padmaja S. ,   The Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Dayalan Malathi ,   The Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Published: December 2021

Aims: To evaluate the effect of prosthetic framework material on the stress distribution patterns of All-on-Six implant support system under vertical and oblique loading. Methods and Material: The CBCT images of the maxilla were converted to stereo lithography file. HYPERMESH software system was accustomed to convert 3D pictures into numerical models. Geometric model of short implant and zirconia, cobalt chromium and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) framework material were created using SOLID EDGE software and were then be inserted in the bone model. A total of six models were constructed with three different types of framework materials with four implants in the anterior maxilla region and two distal short implants and mini-abutments. The prosthetic frameworks were made with 14 teeth (central incisors to second molar bilaterally). The models were transferred through the solid works simulation program for finite element analysis and stress distribution investigation. An oblique load of 150N with 300 inclination in the linguo-buccal direction and vertical loads parallel to long axis of the tooth with 100 N magnitude were applied unilaterally on the posterior teeth of each framework. Results: Principal and Von misses stress in PEEK framework were least when compared to stresses in zirconia and cobalt chromium framework on vertical loading and oblique loading. Conclusions: PEEK as a framework material had least stress for the All on Six implant treatment concepts on vertical and oblique forces than zirconia and cobalt chromium framework.
To Assess the Main Drawbacks of Advanced Technology for the Accounting Sphere
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia, Nande Teresia , Angula Nikodemus ,   Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
Published: December 2021

Every accountant knows that accounting is a business language and that language has undergone many changes over the years. Dissemination in the use of information technology and the production of applications has contributed to intense shifts in accounting firms’ procedures as of the 1990s. From the view of accounting experts, the influence of these advances has not been adequately analyzed. The general purpose of this study was therefore to determine the effect of technological progress on the accounting sphere in Namibia. A descriptive survey design was used in this study to establish whether there exists any relationship between advanced technology and accounting today. The results indicate that the accelerated speed of technological progress tends to challenge conventional processes in all fields, including the accounting profession. The study also revealed that businesses have not only embraced the revolution of advanced technology but also started to adopt emerging innovations in the form of accounting software, mobility, and the creation of social media platforms. With a figure of less than 50% IT-enabled use, it is obvious that accounting students and accountants do not know how to run accounting information systems, while companies continually rely on technological advancements to conduct their tasks.
Investment outlook and Asset Allocation in US Pension Funds
Authors:   Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India, Dodal Rutuj
Published: December 2021

The classic balanced portfolio for more than 7 decades has been the blend of equities and bonds in the ratio of 60% to 40% respectively. But declining interest rates have forced investors to divert from this investing strategy and look over other alternatives. This has affected bond returns. And once again due to pandemic interest rates were cut down to near zero resulting in very little returns in bonds. To overcome this, alternative investment opportunities should be looked for and several factors which are important in deciding the future investments are to be considered. Some of them are interest rates, valuations, volatility, etc. Based upon the factors and other parameters, the best alternatives will be Equities (cyclical industry, stocks providing dividends, etc), Corporate bonds (with higher investment grades), and government bonds of emerging markets (like China and Peru). These alternatives will act as better investment alternatives to traditional 60/40 asset allocation in the current scenario.
Stimulating Entrepreneurship and Innovative SME’s in A National Economy
Authors:   University of Namibia, Faculty of Health Science, School of Medicine, Hage Geingob Campus, Bach, Street Windhoek, Namibia, Angula Nikodemus , Kandjeo Faye ,   University of Namibia, Faculty of Commerce, Management & Law, Windhoek, Namibia
Published: December 2021

The study was aimed to explore the innovative and inclusive local entrepreneurship and SME development in Namibia. The study used qualitative methods as a research strategy. Meaning qualitative data was collected and analysed using interpretive techniques through the distribution of google form link to SMEs owner in the 14 region of Namibia. The findings of the study revealed that Namibia SMEs’s owner had no knowledge in SMEs networking with other SMEs in the 14 region. The participants further indicated there is no network platform among SMEs in Namibia that share information regarding SMEs growth and development. According to the participants engaged in the study they indicated that since 1990 some are still operating the same way and there is no partnership with other SMEs in the 14 regions of the country since independence. Therefore, the present study recommends that Ministry of trade should come up with strategies and mechanism that can empower SMEs owner to share business ideas, networking and create partnership with other SMEs in the 14 regions of Namibia and the study further recommends that the Ministry of Trade should come up with SMEs annual conference meeting that would enable SMEs owner to attend and share business ideas and be able to compete at global level.
Customer Satisfaction on e-Commerce: A Study Focus in Kathmandu
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, Sharma Gajendra
Published: December 2021

Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods, services etc. from a seller interactively in real-time without an intermediary service over the internet. Online shopping is the process of buying goods and services from merchants who sell on the internet. It was a cross sectional descriptive study done in Kathmandu valley among the population who have done at least once online shopping in any online store. The major objective was to study about factors associated with customer satisfaction towards online shopping inside Kathmandu valley along with to find out level of satisfaction. In age group the majority of the respondents were from age group 18-24, in gender male was of 69% of total respondent, for level of education bachelor level respondent were at majority. Hindu (53.5%) were major and respondent from nuclear family were more (56%). The factors like education level, occupation, monthly income, religion and type of family were found statistically significant with online shopping with p value < 0.05. Among the total respondents 63% were highly satisfied from online shopping while 37% had low satisfaction level. Online store should consider the products preferred by different age groups and genders. Online store should focus more on supplying quality products as well as fast delivery services and easy return policy which will help to increase level of satisfaction among the users.
Сhanging Energy and Exergy Comfort Level after School Thermomodernization
Authors: Buyak Nadia , Deshko Valeriy , Bilous Inna
Published: December 2021

Increasing the level of thermal resistance of the building envelope in combination with the choice of heat source is an urgent task. It is important to take into account changes in the cost of energy over time. Thermal modernization, in its turn, allows to increase the level of thermal comfort, which is not taken into account and evaluated in practice, although the relevant standards for comfort conditions and categories of buildings to ensure comfort have been introduced in Ukraine. This paper analyzes the change in the level of comfort after thermal modernization, determines the category of the building to provide comfortable conditions, as well as identifies the change in the average radiation temperature of the fences, as one of the main factors of PMV change in these conditions.
Evaluation of Technical Measures Implemented in the Field of Flood Protection and Water Retention in Poland During the Period of 2003-2018
Authors: Podawca Konrad
Published: December 2021

Flood prevention has become one of the most important priorities of public safety and risk mitigation in Poland. The study presents an evaluation of the actions implemented in 16 voivodships of Poland in the field of flood prevention and water retention. Voivodships correspond to individual regions of the country. The analysis covering the period of 2003-2018 was carried out on the basis of data obtained mainly from Local Data Bank. A set of indicators, divided into infrastructural and economic ones were applied. The assessment of technical measures covered two basic types of hydro engineering facilities: flood embankments and retention reservoirs. The economic indicators illustrate the expenditures incurred on the implementation of technical means of flood prevention. The obtained results provide means to categorise the voivodships into subsets. Units similar in terms of the carried out water management were assigned to 4 types. Voividships similar in terms of the expenditures designated to the implementation of water management tasks were divided into 4 groups. Taking into account the dynamics of the investments and financial outlays on water management measures related to the existing flood risk assessment, the situation is satisfactory in 4 voivodships, but insufficient or unsatisfactory in 7 of them. The obtained results show that in order to achieve the flood prevention levels required in the studied regions additional actions are necessary, including but not limited to technical measures.
Modelling of CO2 emissions in driving tests on the example of a diesel engine powered by biofuels
Authors: Tucki Karol
Published: December 2021

Climate change, environmental degradation and the introduction of increasingly restrictive legal regulations mean that the automotive industry is facing tremendous challenges. The paper presents a computer tool that uses the results of tests carried out on a chassis dynamometer for a Fiat Panda 1.3 Multijet, to simulate driving tests. As a result of the work of a computer tool, the impact on CO2 emissions was analysed in the context of CADC - Artemis (Common Artemis Driving Cycles) road tests for the following fuels: diesel oil, FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters), rapeseed oil and butanol. Mass consumption of fuels and CO2 emissions were analysed in driving tests for the vehicle in question. The highest mass consumption of fuel and carbon dioxide emissions occurred in the case of FAME (respectively 2.283 kg and 6.524 kg).
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PENGAMANAN GEDUNG YANG DIKONTROL MELALUI APLIKASI ANDROID BERBASIS IoT
Authors: Pradana Fendi , Amir Ardi
Published: December 2021

Building or home security systems at this time are needed because there are still many security systems that can trigger crime, one of which is the use of padlock or conventional door locks and security that has not worked automatically. A security system is needed which has a high level of security and is automatic so that it does not bother users.

Security systems are often a problem, namely the low level of security, how to use is not easy, and not automatic. The way to overcome this problem is to create a security system that has tight security, easy to use, works continuously automatically and can be connected to the user's mobile phone.

Based on research that has been made this security system shows one of the security systems that have a high level of security because it is equipped with an infrared sensor that serves to detect the presence of humans, the camera takes pictures if the infrared sensor detects humans, a fingerprint sensor that functions as access to open the door and all The sensor works automatically and continuously and can be connected to mobile phones through the internet, this security system works well and can be relied upon.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGONTROLAN TEGANGAN KELUARAN DC STEP UP QUADRATIC BOOST CONVERTER DENGAN VARIASI TEGANGAN INPUT DARI SINGLE PV MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY
Authors: Mahmudi Irwan , Jumiyatun Jumiyatun , Kadri Kadri
Published: December 2021

Resulting output voltage is not constant due to light intensity and surface temperature of the solar panels. To overcome the output voltage of solar panels that tends to fluctuate, is to add a DC-DC converter to the output side of the DC-DC Converter used in this study is the Quadratic Boost Converter type which has a role to increase the output voltage of the monocrystalline type solar panel so that it remains constant at 24V DC. using Mamdani Fuzzy Logic Control as a method of controlling PWM switching.

The results obtained from this study are that the quadratic boost converter can keep the output voltage of the solar panel constant at 24V, with low ripple voltage and overshoot. The Mamdani fuzzy logic method used can produce a constant output voltage value with a rise time of ± 5 seconds. The efficiency obtained from this converter hardware is quite good, ranging from 76% - 88%.
Effects of prematuration culture with a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor on oocyte morphology and embryo quality in in vitro maturation
Authors: Cheruveetil Mohammed Ashraf , Shetty Prasanna Kumar , Rao Kamini A , Rajendran Arya , Asif Muhammed
Published: December 2021

Objective: The study assessed the developmental potential of germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) after prematuration culture with cilostamide (a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor) and the impact of cilostamide exposure on the morphology of meiosis II (MII) oocytes and subsequent embryo quality. Methods: In total, 994 oocytes were collected from 63 patients. Among 307 GV oocytes, 140 oocytes were selected for the experimental group and 130 oocytes for the control group. The denuded GV-stage oocytes were cultured for 6 hours with cilostamide in the experimental group and without cilostamide in the control group. After 6 hours, the oocytes in the experimental group were washed and transferred to fresh IVM medium. The maturational status of the oocytes in both groups was examined at 26, 36, and 48 hours. Fertilization was assessed at 18 hours post-intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Embryo quality was assessed on days 3 and 5.Results: In total, 92.1% of the oocytes remained in the GV stage, while 6.4% converted to the MI stage (p<0.01) after cilostamide exposure. In both groups, more MII oocytes were observed at 36 hours (25.8% vs. 21.5%) than at 26 hours (10.8% vs. 14.6%) and 48 hours (13% vs. 7.9%) (p>0.05). With the advenet of cilostamide, blastocyst quality was better in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Cilostamide effectively blocked nuclear maturation and promoted cytoplasmic growth. Prematuration culture with cilostamide enabled synchronization between cytoplasmic and nuclear maturity, resulting in better blastocyst outcomes.
Knowledge Sharing in Organisations: Finding a Best-fit Model for a Regulatory Authority in East Africa
Authors: Musa Padde , Ekeocha Zita , Byrn Stephen Robert , Clase Kari L
Published: December 2021

Knowledge is an essential organisational asset that contributes to organisational effectiveness when carefully managed. Knowledge sharing (KS) is a vital component of knowledge management that allows individuals to engage in new knowledge creation. Until it’s shared, knowledge is considered useless since it resides within the human brain. Public organisations specifically, are more involved in providing and developing knowledge and hence can be classified as knowledge-intensive organisations. Scholarly research conducted on KS has proposed a number of models to help understand the KS process between individuals but none of these models is specifically for a public organisation. Moreover, to really reap the benefits that KS brings to an organization, it’s imperative to apply a model that is attributable to the unique characteristics of that organisation. This study reviews literature from electronic databases that discuss models of KS between individuals. Factors that influence KS under each model were isolated and the extent of each of their influence on KS in a public organization context, were critically analysed. The result of this analysis gave rise to factors that were thought to be most critical in understanding KS process in a public sector setting. These factors were then used to develop a KS model by categorizing them into themes including organisational culture, motivation to share and opportunity to share. From these themes, a KS model was developed and proposed for KS in a medicines regulatory authority in East Africa. The project recommends that an empirical study be conducted to validate the applicability of the proposed KS model at a medicines regulatory authority in East Africa.
A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Geriatrics Update: Clinical Pearls Course
Authors: Hoang Peter , Torbiak Lindsay , Goodarzi Zahra , Schmaltz Heidi N
Published: December 2021

Background 
The University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Annual Geriatrics Update: Clinical Pearls Course (Geriatrics Update) is a one-day, continuing medical education (CME) course designed to enhance geriatrics competency for family physicians (FPs), given increasing population age and complexity. We aimed to evaluate how the course meets FPs’ perceived learning needs and identify modifications that may better support FPs. 
Methods 
Descriptive data from 2018–2019 course evaluation surveys including demographic data, evaluations, and narrative feedback from participating FPs. Semi-structured phone and video-conferenced interviews with FPs were thematically analyzed each year. 
Results 
Evaluation surveys had high response rates of FPs (52 or 61% in 2018; 39 or 58% in 2019). Most FP respondents (84% in 2018 and 82% in 2019) intended to make practice changes. FPs were significantly (p=.001) more confident on course objectives after the course in both years. All interviewees (n=20) described fulfilled perceived and unperceived learning needs and planned to return. The Geriatrics Update course is the primary source of Geriatrics CME for 60% of interviewees. 
Conclusions 
Iterative evaluation of Geriatrics Update identified that the course is well received, and often FPs primary source of geriatric CME. Interviews provided additional context and descriptive feedback to improve course delivery and better meet FP learning needs.
Online Educational Tools for Caregivers of People with Dementia: A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Sztramko Richard , Levinson Anthony J. , Wurster Andrea E. , Jezrawi Rita , Sivapathasundaram Branavan , Papaioannou Alexandra , Cowan David , St. Onge Joye , Marr Sharon , Patterson Christopher , Woo Tricia , Mosca Lori , Lokker Cynthia
Published: December 2021

Background 
Informal caregivers of people with dementia provide the majority of health-based care to people with dementia. Providing this care requires knowledge and access to resources, which caregivers often do not receive. We set out to evaluate the effect of online educational tools on informal caregiver self-efficacy, quality of life, burden/stress, depression, and anxiety, and to identify effective processes for online educational tool development. 
Methods 
We conducted a scoping review of articles on online educational interventions for informal caregivers of people with dementia searching CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed from 1990 to March 2018, with an updated search conducted in 2020. The identified articles were screened and the data were charted. 
Results 
33 articles that reported on 24 interventions were included. There is some evidence that online interventions improve caregiver-related outcomes such as self-efficacy, depression, dementia knowledge, and quality of life; and decrease caregiver burden. Common findings across the studies included the need for tailored, stage-specific information applicable to the caregiver’s situation and the use of psychosocial techniques to develop the knowledge components of the interventions. 
Conclusion 
We demonstrate the importance of having caregivers and health-care professionals involved at all stages of tool conceptualization and development. Online tools should be evaluated with robust trials that focus on how increased knowledge and development approaches affect caregiver-related outcomes.