bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
.ESENSI MAKNA RITUAL ADAT KEAGAMAAN DI MASJID KESULTANAN TERNATE
Authors: Zakry Ulfa Ananda
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan gambaran secara jelas terkait makna di setiap ritual adat keagamaan yang masih dijalankan pihak masjid Kesultanan Ternate hingga kini. Adapun fokus penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan makna serta motif pelaksanaan ritual adat keagamaan di masjid Kesultanan Ternate. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan eksplorasi. Dengan sumber data terbagi atas 2 yaitu data primer yang didapat dari 2 informan, serta data sekunder yang didapat dari buku, jurnal, skripsi, penelitian terdahulu, serta beberapa sumber yang berkaitan. Analisis data dengan data collection, reduction, display dan conclution. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan makna dari beberapa ritual adat keagamaan di masjid Kesultanan Ternate yaitu sebagai bentuk ikhtiar agar masyarakat tetap menjalankan sunnah Rasulullah Saw., seperti  Pertama, melarang wanita shalata dimasjid bertujuanagar wanita tetap dirumah dan terhindar dari fitnah. Kedua, penggunaan peci sebagai simbol penghormatan akan anugerah Allah Swt., yang telah diberikan kepada manusia yaitu otak, serta disandarkan juga pada sunnah untuk berhias ketika hendak ke masjid.  Ketiga, larangan menggunakan sarung juga disandarkan pada sunnah untuk berhias, hanya saja pelarangan ini juga sebagai bentuk pembeda antara jamaah Kesultanan Ternate dengan jamaah yang datang dari luar. Keempat, pengaturan saff berdasarkan jabatan, ini merupakan fungsi kontrol yang dilakukan pihak masjid Kesultanan Ternate kepada jamaahnya, sehingga jamaah bisa taat akan peraturan yang telah ditetapkan baik peraturan yang diterapkan oleh pengurus Kesultanan atau peraturan yang telah Allah Swt., tetapkan (syariat). Namun, ketika pelaksanaan shalat akan dimulai dengan ditandainya suara adzan, hal ini tidak berlaku lagi, yang tersisa hanyalah syariat dan semua orang berhak mengambil saff di mana saja yang dia inginkan. Kelima, ritual Kolano Uci Sabea, menurut penulis adalah suatu ritual yang menunjukan ke-adaban masyarakat Kesultanan Ternate kepada Sultan mereka.
A Review of User-Centred Design Methods for Designing a Portable Oil Spill Skimmer
Authors: Ramanathan R. , Abdullah L. , Syed Mohamed M. S. , Fauadi M.H.F.M
Published: December 2022

Boom and skimmer are mechanical techniques in Oil Spill Response and Recovery (OSRR) that collect oil from the water surface. However, there are several drawbacks of using boom and skimmer, such as the oil could pass over the boom during strong wind and high tides. Moreover, the currently available oil skimmer designed by the engineers is heavy-duty; in consequence, it is ineffective in shallow water. Thus, there is a need to develop a portable oil spill skimmer to complement the current drawbacks. Several journals on the fabrication of the oil spill skimmer were reviewed. Findings from literature shows that the development of oil spill skimmer lacks user requirements when designing a portable oil spill skimmer. This article provides a systematic review of Kansei Engineering and the Analytical Hierarchy Process in the product development process. Therefore, Kansei Engineering and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be incorporated in the early stage of designing a portable oil spill skimmer. This paper also includes the application of Kansei Engineering and AHP in design research articles. Findings from observed articles indicate a lack of design and development technologies relating to products for environmental protection; the AHP and Kansei Engineering application is somewhat lacking. Moreover, the fabrication of an oil spill skimmer focuses more on technical specifications and includes fewer user requirements. As a result, the characteristics such as ease of use, robustness, and safety cannot be evaluated. The AHP and Kansei Engineering methodology can be extended to the design and manufacture of products for environmental protection.
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation and Treatment of Automobile Service Station Wastewater by Halophilic Consortia Under Saline Conditions
Authors: Amran Ramzi H. , Jamal Mamdoh T. , Pugazhendi Arulazhagan , Al- Harbi Mamdouh , Bowrji Saba
Published: December 2022

The halophilic consortia were enriched from water samples of Abhor, Red Sea, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia for the degradation of phenanthrene, fluorene, hexadecane, pyrene, and treatment of automobile service station wastewater under saline conditions (4%). Complete degradation of phenanthrene and fluorene was recorded up to a concentration of 500 mg.L-1 in 12 days, when the concentration was raised to 800 mg.L-1, the percentage of degradation of the two compounds was recorded by 84 and 90% within 14 days, while when the concentration increased to 1000 mg.L-1, a significant decline was recorded. Pyrene degradation was studied under saline conditions, where it recorded a degradation rate of 92 and 81% at a concentration of 50 and 100 mg.L-1 in 10 and 12 days, respectively, while when increasing the concentration, a severe decrease in the percentage of degradation was recorded that reached 57 and 44% at concentration 200 and 300 mg.L-1, respectively .Hexadecane recorded complete degradation at a concentration of 0.5 and 1%, within 4 and 6 days, respectively, while at a concentration of 1.5%, the rate of deterioration was 88% in 10 days. Record 93% removal of COD in CSTR within 40th day, when treatment of automobile service station wastewater with halophilic bacterial consortia. The existing bacterial strains were classified as potentially responsible for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation and treatment of automobile service station wastewater such as Ochrobactrum, Propionispira, Martelella, Bacillus, Marinobacter, and Azospira. The present study recommends that the hydrophilic consortia can be used in the treatment of automobile service station wastewater under saline conditions.
Geoelectrical Sounding to Identify Sub-surface and Groundwater State at Village Banauli, Singrauli District, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Dharmendra Kumar , Kishore Nawal
Published: December 2022

Electrical resistivity (Geoelectrical) methods are well-known and common techniques for investigating the groundwater potential zone. These methods are economically viable and have the highest resolving power compared with other geophysical methods. A total of fifteen Vertical electrical soundings were conducted in the village of Banauli, located in Singrauli district in Madhya Pradesh, India. Vertical electrical sounding was carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration with the maximum current electrode (AB) spacing of 200 m and potential electrode (MN) spacing of 10 m. For interpretation of measured resistivity, the Partial curve matching technique was used to calculate the layer parameters (resistivity and thickness) and further depict the depth section of the profile. In this study, the maximum five-layer model is obtained, and most curves are of HAK types. The first layer has a mean resistivity value of 12.41 Ωm and a mean thickness of 0.94 m. The second layer has mean resistivity of 7.93 Ωm and a mean thickness of 4.79 m. The third layer has a mean thickness value of 10.55 m and a mean resistivity value of 16.54 Ωm. The fourth layer has a mean resistivity value of 20.17 Ωm and a mean thickness of 9.20 m, and finally, the fifth layer, the bedrock, has a higher mean resistivity value of 59.92 Ωm. Thus, the obtained results may be used for identifying the drilling site for the groundwater potential zone.
An Assessment of Ongoing Developments in Water Resources Management Incorporating SWAT Model: Overview and Perspectives
Authors: Verma S. K. , Prasad A. D. , Verma M. K.
Published: December 2022

Land and water are the most necessary natural resources because the entire life system depends on them. It requires proper management to achieve maximum utilization. When used in conjunction with Arc GIS, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a promising model for simulating the agricultural watershed since it can forecast runoff, sediment and nutrient transport, and erosion under various management scenarios. Furthermore, the model is better at evaluating both the spatial and non-spatial variation of hydrological methods under a very large watershed. This study uses the methodology employed by the SWAT model for the estimation of surface runoff and sediment yield and discusses in detail the setup of the model computer file needed by the model sensitivity analysis parameter and validation area unit. SWAT is a well-known hydrological modeling method used in many hydrologic and environmental simulations. Over 17 years (2005-2021), 212 studies were found from various peer-reviewed scientific publications listed on the SWAT online database (CARD). Applicability studies were divided into five categories: water resources, streamflow, erosion, land-use planning and agricultural settings, climate change scenarios, and model parameterization. Hydrologic phenomena and adaptations in various river basins have been investigated. They mostly examined environmental impacts and preventive techniques to ensure an understanding of effective environmental regulation. Streamflow susceptibility to climatic changes was shown in climate change studies. Modeling streamflow parameters, model modifications, and basin-scale calibrations were investigated. Future simulation aspects such as data sharing and the opportunity for improved future analysis are also discussed. A multimodal approach to future simulations, as well as more efforts to make local data available, are both very good ideas.
Arthroscopic Management of Superior Labral Anterior and Posterior (SLAP) and Associated Lesions: Clinical Features and Functional Outcome
Authors: Lim Mui Hong , Chan Beng Kuen , Low Cheng Ooi
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The superior labral anterior and posterior (SLAP) lesion is a cause of chronic shoulder pain and significant disability. This study aims to review the distribution of types of SLAP lesions, associated lesions and the outcome of arthroscopic management.

Materials and Methods: This series involved all 33 patients who underwent arthroscopic management of SLAP and associated lesions by a single surgeon. The pre- and postoperative disability scores were assessed using the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) outcome measure.

Results: Type 2 SLAP lesion (64%) was the most common. Forty-eight per cent of the cases were associated with an ipsilateral shoulder lesion. A 10- point pre- and postoperative DASH score reduction was noted in 63% of the patients with isolated SLAP lesions and 73% of those with associated lesions.

Conclusion: Arthroscopic management of the SLAP and its associated lesions results in improved functional outcome. The presence of associated lesions should be actively sought and managed in the same operative session.

Key words: Arthroscopy, Rotator cuff, Shoulder
Menopause, Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Mattar Citra Nurfarah , Harharah Lubna , Su Lin Lin , Agarwal Anupriya Aditya , Wong PC , Choolani Mahesh
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and morbidity among postmenopausal women, and oestrogen deficiency may be an important factor in its development. The role of oestrogen replacement in preventing cardiovascular disease is controversial. The aim of this descriptive review is to analyse the available data and to recommend evidence-based practice guidelines pertaining to hormone therapy in the context of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health.

Materials and Methods: Relevant clinical trials were identified by computerised literature search. The collated data were presented to fellow gynaecologists for review, analysis of results and discussion in a series of meetings dedicated to finding the best evidence in menopause management. The evidence was used to formulate clinical practice guidelines for the management of women with significant cardiovascular risk factors.

Results: Evidence from animal studies and observational trials supported a cardio-protective effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy. More recent randomised clinical trial data have shown no significant reduction of coronary heart disease, and have confirmed a higher incidence of stroke and venous thromboembolism.

Conclusions: The evidence is widely divergent regarding postmenopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular risk. More consistent data are available reporting an increased risk in the incidence of venous thromboembolism and stroke. It is important to be clear about the indications of hormone use and to utilise alternative modalities to promote cardiovascular health in the postmenopausal population.

Key words: Cerebrovascular accident, Hormone replacement therapy, Stroke, Thromboembolism
Prevalence and Correlates of Excessive Internet Use among Youth in Singapore
Authors: Mythily Subramaniam , Qiu Shijia , Winslow Munidasa
Published: December 2022

Introduction: There has been an explosive growth of Internet usage worldwide and this is expected to continue with its use becoming an integral part of everyday life. The Internet provides tremendous educational benefits; however, excessive Internet use can lead to negative outcomes such as poor school performance and social isolation.

Materials and Methods: The survey consisted of a 69-item, anonymous, self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaire. Data collected included demographic data, academic performance, social support and general wellbeing as well as questions pertaining to Internet use. For the purposes of our study, we defined Internet use of more than 5 hours a day as “excessive use”.

Results: Of the 2735 adolescents who took part in the study, 1349 (49.3%) were male and 1383 (50.6%) were female. The mean age of the adolescents was 13.9 years [standard deviation (SD), 1.0]. A quarter of the adolescents surveyed (25%) reported that they did not access the Internet everyday, while 17.1% of adolescents reported using it for more than 5 hours every day. Excessive Internet use was associated with (i) no rules of Internet use at home (x2 = 313.1, P <0.001 ), (ii) less likelihood of having confidants (x2 = 15.8, P = 0.003), (iii) feelings of sadness or depression (x2 = 49.6, P <0.001) and (iv) perceived poorer grade/school work (x2 = 226.1, P <0.001).

Conclusions: The high figures of excessive Internet use (17.1%) reported in our study is not equivalent to Internet addiction as no diagnostic instruments were used. However, school counsellors and teachers need to be made aware of the prevalence of and problematic behaviours associated with excessive Internet use. Training and resources should also be made available to parents and caregivers so that they can play a greater role in setting boundaries and detecting early warning signs.
Metastatic Bladder Cancer Presenting as Duodenal Obstruction
Authors: Hawtin Katherine , Kent Alex , Collins Carole , Blunt Dominic
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Bladder cancer is a common malignancy but presentation with metastatic disease is rare. This is the first reported case of duodenal obstruction as a presentation of metastatic bladder cancer.

Clinical Picture: Amiddle-aged woman presented with nausea, vomiting, weight loss and intermittent haematuria. Radiology and histology confirmed metastatic bladder cancer to the retroperitoneum encasing the duodenum and causing obstruction.

Treatment: Insertion of a duodenal stent relieved the obstruction and palliative chemoradiotherapy was initiated.

Outcome: The patient died 15 months after diagnosis.

Conclusions: Clinicians and radiologists should be aware of atypical presentations of common malignancies.
Plasmid-mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants in Urinary Isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Large Singapore Hospital
Authors: Deepak Rama Narayana , Koh Tse Hsien , Chan Kian Sing
Published: December 2022

Introduction: At the time of the study, 3 plasmid-borne qnr determinants (qnrA, qnrB and qnrS) and 1 plasmid-borne aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme determinant that confers qui-nolone resistance (aac(6')-Ib-cr) had been described in the literature.

Materials and Methods: We studied the prevalence of the 3 qnr determinants in a total of 117 nalidixic acid-resistant urinary isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (61 isolates) and Escherichia coli (56 isolates) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Further, a subset of the original strains (compris-ing 14 E. coli and 38 K. pneumoniae) showing reduced susceptibility to the aminoglycosides underwent PCR for aac(6')-Ib, followed by restriction digestion with BtsCI to detect the variant aac(6’)-Ib-cr.

Results: Twenty-eight of 61 (45.9%) Klebsiella isolates were found to possess at least 1 qnr determinant. Only 1/56 (1.8%) E. coli isolates were found to possess a qnr determi-nant. Two of the Klebsiella isolates possessed 2 qnr determinants each (qnrB and qnrS). The predominant determinant was qnrB (19 isolates). There were 11 isolates harbouring qnrS, and only 1 with qnrA. 1/14 (7.1%) E. coli and 35/38 K. pneumoniae (92.1%) were found to possess aac(6’)-Ib-cr. There was pairwise association between each of qnr, aac(6’)-Ib-cr and the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.

Conclusions: A high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants [i.e., qnrS, qnrB and aac(6')-Ib-cr] was found in quinolone-resistant K. pneumoniae isolated in a large hospital in Singapore.

Key words: Aminoglycoside, Ciprofloxacin, qnr, Transferable
The Effect of Temperature on Illness Severity in Emergency Department Congestive Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Oktay Cem , Luk Jeffrey H , Allegra John R , Kusoglu Levent
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Previous studies revealed fewer visits for congestive heart failure (CHF) to emergency departments (EDs) in New Jersey, USA and fewer admissions for CHF to a Southern Indian and an Israeli hospital during warmer months. Using hospital admission rate for CHF as a marker for illness severity, we hypothesized that CHF would also be less severe in warmer months.

Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study which included all ED visits from 1 January 2004 to 31 January 2006. We analysed the monthly CHF hospital admis-sion rates. We a priori chose to compare the admission rates for the 4 warmest to the 4 coldest months.

Results: Of a total of 136,347 ED visits, 1083 (0.8%) were accounted for CHF. Hospital admission rate was 55.8%. Although there was a statistically significant increase in ED visits for CHF during the colder months, the 4 warmer months from June to September had 1.15 times higher hospital admission rate than the 4 coldest months from November to February.

Conclu-sions: Contrary to our hypothesis, we found a statistically significant increase in the percentage of CHF visits admitted to the hospital during the warmer months. This suggests that although there are less ED CHF visits in the warmer months, a greater percentage tend to be severe.

Introduction: Previous studies revealed fewer visits for congestive heart failure (CHF) to emergency departments (EDs) in New Jersey, USA and fewer admissions for CHF to a Southern Indian and an Israeli hospital during warmer months. Using hospital admission rate for CHF as a marker for illness severity, we hypothesized that CHF would also be less severe in warmer months.

Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study which included all ED visits from 1 January 2004 to 31 January 2006. We analysed the monthly CHF hospital admis-sion rates. We a priori chose to compare the admission rates for the 4 warmest to the 4 coldest months.

Results: Of a total of 136,347 ED visits, 1083 (0.8%) were accounted for CHF. Hospital admission rate was 55.8%. Although there was a statistically significant increase in ED visits for CHF during the colder months, the 4 warmer months from June to September had 1.15 times higher hospital admission rate than the 4 coldest months from November to February.

Conclu-sions: Contrary to our hypothesis, we found a statistically significant increase in the percentage of CHF visits admitted to the hospital during the warmer months. This suggests that although there are less ED CHF visits in the warmer months, a greater percentage tend to be severe.
Drug Use and Dosing in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hassan Yahaya , Al-Ramahi Rowa’J , Aziz Noorizan Abd , Ghazali Rozina
Published: December 2022

One of the most important drug-related problems in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is medication dosing errors. Many medications and their metabolites are eliminated through the kidney. Thus, adequate renal function is important to avoid toxicity. Patients with renal impairment often have alterations in their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic pa-rameters. The clearance of drugs eliminated primarily by renal filtration is decreased by renal disease. Therefore, special consideration should be taken when these drugs are prescribed to patients with impaired renal function. Despite the importance of dosage adjustment in patients with CKD, such adjustments are sometimes ignored. Physicians and pharmacists can work together to accomplish safe drug prescribing. This task can be complex and require a stepwise approach to ensure effectiveness, minimise further damage and prevent drug nephrotoxicity.

Key words: Dosage adjustment, Renal impairment, Stepwise approach
Contestation of Islam Nusantara: Reasoning of Pluralism in Constructing Religious Harmony in Indonesia Context
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Datokarama Palu, Sulawesi Tengah, Mashuri Saepudin , Fakhrurrozi Hatta , Ruslin Ruslin , Sugiyar Sugiyar ,   Institute Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Ponorogo, Jawa Timur
Published: December 2022

The existence of religious pluralism in Indonesia cannot be separated from the dynamics of Islamic contestation in the Archipelago. The reasoning and practice of religious pluralism have not yet received full support from Muslims. Social conflicts are often injured in practice, such as intolerance, violence, and persecution between religious believers. This study aims to reveal the significance of reasoning and practice of religious pluralism in building religious harmony in the context of the plurality of the Indonesian as a nation. This literature research seeks to explore relevant data from various sources such asbooks, proceedings, and journals (Zed, 2004: 2-3). Data analysis was conducted through content analysis related to Indonesia's concept and practice of religious pluralism. This study shows that the reasoning and practice of religious pluralism have great significance for shaping the understanding, awareness, and religious attitudes of the majority of Indonesian Muslims who are tolerant in responding to differences in faith, worship rituals, and religious cultures. This religious attitude can display the moderate face of Islam in interfaith social and humanitarian interactions in society. The dialectical reasoning of religious pluralism in this study resulted in five basic findings, namely: Islam Nusantara: a localized meaning of Islam; religious plurality from a multiculturalism perspective; pluralism reasoning in building inclusive religious attitudes; religious meeting point towards religious harmony; and Pancasila (Five Principles of the republic) as the indigenous style of Islam Nusantara. The original form of Islamic contestation in the Archipelago is reflected in Pancasila is a common consensus, the estuary of encounter, and the style of the struggle of Islam Nusantara to date.
Effect of COVID-19 Stay at Home Requirement on Household Incomes in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya
Authors:   MOI University, Kenya, Talam Peris Jerop , K. Siele Dr. Richard ,   MOI University, Kenya, Kipruto KEMBOI Dr. Issacs ,   MOI University, Kenya
Published: December 2022

Pandemics are not a new phenomenon since they have happened numerous times throughout human history. Due to the globalization and interconnectedness of the business world today, the steps taken by governments around the world to stop the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from spreading resulted to minimal movement of people and products, impacting business activities in Kenya. Although COVID-19 containment measures including stay at home requirement contributed to the reduction of coronavirus infection globally, household incomes were at risk due to the pandemic’s effects on business operations and economic activities. The study sought to analyze effect of COVID-19 stay at home requirement on household incomes in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study was anchored on the relative income theory which guided the specification framework. An explanatory research design was adopted based on 304, 943 households with a sample of 399. The data was collected using structured questionnaires issued to household heads using simple random sampling. Correlation results indicated a strong negative significant correlation between stay-at-home requirement and household income . OLS results indicated that stay-at-home requirement coefficient had a negative significant effect (β=-0.343,p=0.00<0.05)on household income. The study concluded that COVID-19 stay at home requirement affected household incomes for Uasin Gishu County, Kenya households suggesting that the restrictions imposed to curb the menace extensively led to job loss and reduction in income.
Plan de Formación Pedagógica Docente para mejorar los Aprendizajes en los estudiantes de un Instituto Tecnológico de Fútbol
Authors: Perlaza Estupinan Alex Arturo , Fernandez Naranjo Paola Fernanda
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar y reflexionar sobre las características del perfil del docente de fútbol, que permitirá valorar el aporte de las capacitaciones continuas a su formación integral. En tal sentido se aplicó entrevistas a 7 docentes del área de fútbol del Instituto Superior Tecnológico de fútbol de la ciudad de Guayaquil, en lo que se pudo constatar el impacto de la formación continua en el desempeño laboral de los entrenadores deportivos. La presente investigación permitió recolectar información valiosa que consiste en identificar cuáles son las características del perfil del entrenador fútbol, para poder cumplir con su trabajo educativa-formativo cabalmente. Esto facilitará la aplicación de un actuar pedagógico adecuado a las demandas de la sociedad y el fútbol actual, dándoles a sus entrenadores las competencias necesarias para ejercer una formación integral en los futbolistas.
Recipe for The Global Plate
Authors: Kadarisman Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Low Indonesian culinary exports indicate that Indonesian cuisine is not well-known internationally. Culinary promotes national identity, multiethnic cultures, and tourism. On the other hand, tourism exposes local culinary practices and can become a country's international brand. Furthermore, culinary relevance to public diplomacy is recognized. Through these connections, Indonesia can utilize gastro diplomacy to capture the global culinary arts market. Indonesia can learn from Thailand and South Korea how to implement the program more effectively by using the policy transfer framework. Thailand programs addressed various elements that must be developed when opening an overseas culinary arts business. They involved governmental and non-governmental agencies because the programs are board. The South Korean program was more formalized than the Thai programs by enacting a specific law and establishing a distinct organization to oversee the program’s execution. In addition to the healthy image of South Korean cuisine and the global trend toward healthier lifestyles, South Korea's program rode the Korean pop culture wave, which set the stage for the success of the program. Based on the analysis, the recommended model for Indonesia’s program implementation consists of six components in terms of menu and target diners, regulation, responsible organizations and coordination, goals, financing sources, and personnel.
TikTok Vs. Instagram: Algorithm Comparison
Authors: Bishqemi Kelsey , Crowley Michael
Published: December 2022

TikTok and Instagram are two of the most popular social media platforms on the market. They do, however, have one important distinguishing factor: TikTok is a video-sharing platform and Instagram is a photo-sharing platform. With fundamentally different functions, the algorithms are bound to be different. This study focuses on which algorithm between the two social media platforms does better at sending out content made to an interested audience. 

To see which algorithm performs better, two accounts were created on TikTok and Instagram respectively, and there were ten posts made on each account, with each post on one account being focused on the same subject as a corresponding post on the other (ie. A video post of a flower on TikTok will have a corresponding photo post of the same flower on Instagram). A set of posts would be uploaded at the same time and any given set of posts' statistics would be recorded and reviewed after one week of being uploaded.

Using a comparison of the results garnered from each post on both platforms, including individual views and total views, it is concluded that the algorithm TikTok uses is superior in regards to showing specifically tagged content to potentially interested users. The number of both individual views and total views of the TikTok posts were much higher than the ones for Instagram, with TikTok’s numbers reaching the hundreds and Instagram never breaking into double digits.
Does Acknowledging China’s Claim To The South China Sea Open Trade Doors To Economic Advantages For The Philippines
Authors: Yu Piper , Song Esther
Published: December 2022

This study evaluates the effect of the Philippine maritime policy on diplomatic relations with China, and whether maintaining positive relations translates to economic advantages for the Philippines during the Duterte regime (2016-present), and compares this to that of the previous period, the Aquino regime (2010-2016). This study finds that maritime policy does not have a large impact on trade, economic sanctions, and foreign aid in the Philippines. There are no benefits nor disadvantages attained as a result of maintaining an Anti-China maritime policy, and any differences noted were marginal at best. This study compares economic outcomes during different administrations based on their maritime policy stance. It also employs process tracing in trade policies and foreign aid received under Aquino, compared to another Former Philippine President Arroyo, who served from 2001-2010 and maintained a neutral stance.
Reasons for the non-approval of the same-sex marriage in China: cultural and economic views
Authors: Sun Tianyu , De Lima E Silva Caroline
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the factors that affect the possibility of the approval of same-sex marriage in China, or why China chose not to approve it even if the majority of other equally economically developed countries had done. The article focuses specifically on cultural and economic views. Due to the intrinsic taboo in Chinese society, meaning that one rarely discusses politics and/or homosexuality, there is currently a lack of studies investigating homosexuality and policies related to this topic. Therefore, this article sets up another bridge between same-sex marriage, homosexuality, and governmental policy in China, allowing the reader to reach beyond some Western-focused discussions on this topic. The data used in this article originates from statistics from large organizations, and NGOs, as well as official statistics from the Chinese government. For example, it includes data that demonstrate the lowering growth rate of the population in China and other data showing that over 57% of interviewees reported that society should not accept homosexuals. As the article argues, the root reason for the non-approval of same-sex marriage has its origins in the lack of population growth - which then extends to an economic crisis - and Chinese culture. After all, one can still find prejudice against homosexuals in the Chinese population, which influences the approval of policies such as same-sex marriage. This article provides a detailed discussion as well as evidence on the two reasons.
Trends and Effects of Privatization on Universities in Canada
Authors: Wang Marshal , Goldenz Helen
Published: December 2022

With the rise of privatization of universities across Canada in the last decade, it has become increasingly important to understand its impact on students both financially and on the universities themselves. While many previous papers analyze trends or the benefits/disadvantages of privatization of public education, this paper focuses on trends of funding sources in universities, in particular, government spending, student tuition, increased private donations, and student loans. Specifically, this paper will delve into the trends over time, particularly focusing on the recent last two decades. 

The main conclusion to be reached by this paper is a look at privatization through the lens of a decrease in government spending and increased presence of corporate sponsorship, changes in tuition, and changes in overall student debt. Using data from public sources as well as past papers and analyzing these have led to several conclusions. Public spending has decreased through reduced government spending as a percentage of operating revenue. This in turn has led universities to increase the need for other sources of funding, more notably, through tuition and private donations from individuals or corporations. Both these sources have increased as a source of funding overtime. Moreso, while domestically tuition has grown at a more or less normal rate, international student tuition has skyrocketed. Next, it has been shown that increased tuition has direct effects on student debt which has also been shown to increase overtime. Lastly, private donations and non-governmental grants from both individuals and corporations have increased significantly.
A Review of Extraction and Detection of Ricin from Castor Plant and the Effect of Ricin on Humans
Authors: Shankar Akshay , Joshi Kumar
Published: December 2022

Ricin is a ribosome inactivating protein produced within the seeds of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis). Ricin can be extracted from the mash of crushed castor seeds using different procedures. Ricin has 2 chains, the A chain and the B chain. It is extremely potent to mammals, being able to kill 1500 cells per minute in small doses. Castor bean plants are grown as an ornamental plant and are found in most households in parks around India, eastern Africa, and the south-eastern Mediterranean Basin. Methods of detection for ricin have been found, but not one that takes into account its presence in biological fluids. Ricin has also been found to be an immunotoxin against cancer, and it could be used as a medication in the future.
ATIVIDADES PEDAGÓGICAS PARA ESTIMULAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS COM DIFICULDADE DE APRENDIZAGEM NO CONTEXTO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: PROTOCOLO DE REVISÃO DE ESCOPO
Authors: Cavalcanti Andreia Nunes , Miranda Mattos Samuel , Valeska Siebra e Silva Ana
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Mapear publicações acerca das atividades pedagógicas indicadas para estimulação de crianças com dificuldade de aprendizagem no contexto da Educação Infantil. Método: Protocolo de revisão de escopo, fundamentado no manual Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e conduzido de acordo com o checklist do Prefered Reporing Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses - Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A pergunta de pesquisa que norteará este estudo será: “Quais são as atividades pedagógicas indicadas para a estimulação de crianças com dificuldade de aprendizagem no contexto da Educação Infantil?”. Serão incluídos todos os tipos de desenhos de estudos. Não haverá restrição de data e idioma na estratégia de busca a ser realizada. Será desenvolvida estratégia de busca avançada em bases de dados, empregando a estratégia PCC. As bases eletrônicas incluídas serão: MEDLINE, via PubMed; Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (PEPSIC), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO); Literatura Latino-americana do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Serão consultados o portal de periódicos Capes, Academic Google, repositórios institucionais de dissertações e teses e sites governamentais, compondo a literatura cinza da pesquisa.  A seleção de estudos será realizada por dois pesquisadores. Caso haja divergência, um terceiro pesquisador será consultado. O software Intelligent Systematic Review – Rayyan será utilizado para viabilizar a seleção de análise dos estudos recuperados nas bases. Por fim, os resultados serão apresentados em quadro de maneira descritiva.
HIGH RATE OF FEMALE SCHOOL DROPOUT: IMPLICATION FOR WOMEN POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Economics and Development Studies,  Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Ogbuagu Anuli
Published: December 2022

Education empowers members of the society to function effectively in all facets of life including in political spheres. However, the standard of education is generally poor in Nigeria. It is even more worrisome when in the midst of a poor education system, many pupils and students cannot complete their academic programs. UNESCO has declared Nigeria the capital of school dropouts in the world and research has shown that the majority of these dropouts are female students. Again, Nigeria is rated low in the political participation of women. It is generally believed that there is a link between education and women's participation in politics. This study x-rays the implication of female school dropout on women's political participation in Nigeria. It employs multi-regression analysis using a neoclassical growth model with data drawn from V-med and UNESCO databases from 1980 to 2021. The result reveals that a unit increase in female school dropout rate at the primary school level (FDPRL) and female school drop-out rate in secondary schools (FDRSH) negatively and significantly reduce women's political participation in Nigeria by 0.011% and 0.021% respectively. Comparably, the female completion rate in primary schools (FCRPR) increases the political participation of women in Nigeria though at an insignificant rate of 0.0014% while the female completion rate in secondary schools (FCRSS) increases political participation of women in Nigeria significantly by 0.0062%. Policymakers at the local and global level should as a matter of urgency, double female education efforts in other to reverse the trend of female school dropouts as it will improve women's participation in politics.
GENDER DIVERSITY AND EMPLOYEE WORK VALUE OF SELECTED CONSUMER GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Management Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan –Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, Adanna Adeboye , Nma Kabuoh ,   Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Management Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan –Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Published: December 2022

Critical to any organisation is her ability to achieve high level of profitability driven by committed workforce devoid of gender disparity. However, some organisations, disregard productivity level of individual employee but imbibe gender discrimination leading to little or no profitability. This study examined the effect of gender diversity on employee work value of selected consumer goods manufacturing firms in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study was 10,659 employees of the selected consumer goods manufacturing firms and 371 sample size determined from Raosoft sample size calculator with 30% attrition rate giving a total sample size of 482, with a response rate of 79% (379) which was finally used for the study. Primary source of data collection was adopted via a validated and reliable research instrument. Crombach’s Alpha Coefficient ranged between 0.059 to 0.856. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and tested with simple linear regression with the aid of statistical package for science solutions (SPSS) version 24.0. The result revealed that gender diversity has a positive significant effect on employee work value of selected consumer goods manufacturing firms in Lagos State, Nigeria (β = 0.289, t = 6.322, p<0.05). The study recommends that management of selected consumer goods companies should ensure equal opportunities at work to improve employee work value. Emphasis in the work place should not be on gender disparity rather on productivity level and work value as well as associated motivation to deserving employees. The study also recommends appropriate regulatory monitoring to ensure industry best practices in the consumer goods manufacturing firms.
UTILISATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE THEORIES AND EFFECTIVE INSTITUTIONAL ADMINISTRATION IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE ABEOKUTA, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Abiona Olufemi , Sodeinde Jedidiah ,   Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: December 2022

This study examined the utilisation of administrative theories on effective institutional administration in Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB). The study used correlational research design to investigate the utilisation of the bureaucratic and systems theories on the administration of FUNAAB. The population of the study was 1929 out of which 120 academic and non-academic staff of the University was sampled randomly. Administrative Theories and Effective Institutional Administration Questionnaire (ATEIAQ) was used to obtain data from respondents. Mean and standard deviations were analysed and used to answer the research questions, while Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation was used to test the hypotheses at p<0.05 significant level. The finding revealed that the level of effective institutional administration of FUNAB is low at 2.23 average mean. The bureaucratic theory and systems theory had significant influence on effective institutional administration in FUNAB. Recommendation was made that the government and other stakeholders of universities should provide adequate resources (human, material, financial) for the administration of universities. Other administrative theories, such as the contingency theory could be applied alongside with the systems theory and the bureaucratic theory, in the institutional administration of higher education, in order to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. The human relations/behaviourist theory, which emphasises that high institutional administrative productivity, is a result of acceptable staff welfare packages, job security and humane decision making, could be intensified in the administration of universities for improved effectiveness.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT Scan) In Detecting Bone Marrow Involvement in Patients with Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma
Authors: Shaikh Mohammad Usman , Shakeel Danish , Muhammad Hassan  , Nayab Afzal  , Natasha Ali  , Salman Adil
Published: December 2022

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography combined with CT scan (PET-CT Scan) in detecting bone marrow involvement in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, keeping bone marrow biopsy as gold standard.
Methodology: From November 2017 to May 2018, a cross sectional validation study was carried out at the Aga Khan University in KarachiÂ Department of Oncology's Section of Clinical Hematology. The study comprised a total of 112 patients who were identified as having diffuse large B cell lymphoma after a lymph node was implicated was histopathologically examined. All patients had a PET-CT scan and bone marrow biopsy technique as part of the staging workup. With bone marrow biopsy acting as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficacy of a PET-CT scan for identifying bone marrow involvement was evaluated.
Results: Of 112 patients, there were 71(63.39%) males and 41(36.61%) females. The mean age was 45.09Â±17.36 years. The mean duration of diagnosis was 17.19Â±6.02 days. Through biopsy, bone marrow involvement was identified in 40 (35.7%) cases. Through a PET-CT scan, bone marrow involvement was identified in 47 (41.9%) cases. The PET- CT scan in comparison with bone marrow biopsy for detecting bone marrow involvement in patients with DLBCL had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of 95%, 87.7%, 80.85%, 96.92% and 90.18% respectively.
Conclusion: PET-CT scan can accurately detect bone marrow involvement in patients with DLBCL so it can be used in most patients instead of invasive bone marrow biopsy procedure for staging of DLBCL patients.
Perspectivas del derecho aplicadas al análisis de las políticas de fomento a la actividad teatral: los subsidios del Instituto Nacional del Teatro en Argentina
Authors: Rivarola Larisa
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo estudia una herramienta del Estado para el fomento de las artes escénicas: los subsidios a la producción teatral en el circuito alternativo de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (2003 - 2015), otorgados por el Instituto Nacional del Teatro. Para ello, tomamos como abordaje teórico metodológico, el enfoque de derechos con el que Víctor Abramovich (2006) piensa estrategias y políticas de desarrollo, relacionando el ámbito del desarrollo y el de los derechos humanos. Planteamos, como novedad, un análisis en clave de derechos culturales utilizando las categorías de “titular” y “beneficiario” con las que trabaja Abramovich en el marco del derecho internacional y de los derechos humanos.
Culture’s Compass: Deeply-Rooted Education and Sustainable Future
Authors: Niglio Olimpia , Schafer Paul , Singh Rana P.B.
Published: December 2022

The World Congress of Culture in Mexico City (28-30 September 2022) allowed us to put people's values and the role of culture education for the future of the younger generations at the center. This text describes the reflection proposed within the congress by the study group of the international pedagogical project "Reconnecting with your culture" for the development of methodological approaches aimed at enhancing the local cultural heritage to make a constructive international dialogue possible.
Development of Pitting Corrosion for Mild Steel Exposed to Particulate Media and Natural and Nutrient-Dosed Seawaters
Authors: Petersen Robert B. , Melchers Robert E.
Published: December 2022

Corrosion of mild steel in contact with both seawater and particulate media has important practical implications. It is considered herein for coupon exposures up to 2 y in 0.05 mm and 0.425 mm (nom.) granular media in natural Pacific Ocean seawater and in seawater dosed with calcium nitrate ostensibly to stimulate microbiological corrosion. The observed pit depths were consistent with an empirical bi-modal corrosion prediction model and overall lowest for smaller particle sizes and greatest without particles. Contrary to expectations, nutrient dosing tended to reduce pit depths. The observations are discussed in light of earlier observations and for relevance to practical implications.