bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMART PERPUSTAKAAN: INOVASI PENINGKATAN LITERASI SEKOLAH ANAK USIA DINI AKAR TUMBUH MELATI DI KELURAHAN SENDANGADI MLATI SLEMAN
Authors: Aris Wahyu Murdiyanto  , Kartikadyota Kusumaningtyas  , Ikbal Rizki Putra  , Septiyati Purwandari  , Bara Falah Adikaputra  , Agung Satria Panca  , Fitriatul Hasanah
Published: December 2024

This program aims to enhance educational services and literacy knowledge among early childhood students at Akar Tumbuh Melati School through the implementation of appropriate technology (Smart Perpustakaan). The activities were carried out in five stages: socialization, training, technology implementation, assistance, and evaluation with sustainability measures. The Smart Perpustakaan technology includes a library space, an encyclopedia book collection, virtual reality (VR) videos for interactive reading activities, and Cardboard VR devices. The results show a 92% increase in digital literacy knowledge and a 33.33% improvement in the quality of educational services. This program successfully reduced children's dependency on non-educational digital content and opened opportunities for sustainable collaboration with related stakeholders.
Keyword: early childhood literacy, educational services, appropriate technology, Smart Library, community service
Comparative Evaluation of the Anti-oxidant Potential of Selected Plants Used for Diabetes in Sri Lanka
Authors: Thuvaragan S.  , Manoranjan T.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Plants are good sources of antioxidants, which have been used to treat diseases such as diabetes, arthritis, and cancer. Herbals used for diabetes have anti-oxidant potential, which could reduce complications and improve patients' health conditions. This study focused on comparing anti-oxidant activity in leaves of Gymnema sylvestre and Costus pictus, seeds of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum graceum, and fruit of Momordica charantia. Methods: The plant samples were collected from the Jaffna District and authenticated in the University of Jaffna. The extract of each plant was prepared by maceration. DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the in vitro anti-oxidant activity of methanolic extracts of these plant extracts using ascorbic acid as standard. The folin-ciocalteu method was used to quantify the total phenolic content present in the plant extracts. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the anti-oxidant activity of extracts with standard. Pearson correlation was used to assess the correlation between anti-oxidant activity and the total phenolic content of the extracts. Results: The IC50 values for DPPH assay were 1246.66±10.91, 1917.89±13.86, 813.82±2.08, 767.87±2.39, and 729.81±3.28 μg/ml, and the total phenolic content were 13.23±0.23, 14.70±0.54, 18.04±0.24, 20.92±0.31, and 35.72±0.59 mg GAE/g for T. foenum graceum, M. charantia, G. sylvestre, N. sativa, C. pictus respectively. C.pictus showed the highest anti-oxidant activity, and M. charantia showed the least antioxidant activity among the tested plant extracts. C. pictus leaf extract had high total phenolic content. T. foenum graceum seed extract had low total phenolic content among the tested plant extracts. Anti-oxidant activity of tested plant extracts was significantly low compared to ascorbic acid (p<0.001). Also, anti-oxidant activities of tested plant extracts showed significant differences between them (p<0.001). Conclusion: N. sativa and C. pictus exhibited potential anti-oxidant activities and could be beneficial in preventing and controlling complications in patients with diabetes.
Comparison of in-vitro antioxidant activity of two varieties of Clitoria ternatea flowers in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wickramage, C.S.  , Pathiraja, P.A.R.M.  , Silva, N.M.G.  , Thilakarathne, W.K.A.W.  , Thathsarani, N.B.K.  , Kumari, K.D.K.P.  , Ratnayake, W.M.K.M.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Clitoria ternatea, commonly known as “butterfly pea” in English and “Nil Katarolu" in Sinhala, is widely distributed in tropical regions. Due to its distinctive deep blue colour, it is now widely used in herbal teas, herbal juices, and cosmetic items. Additionally, flowers, seeds, roots, and leaves of this plant have been used for ages in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. As the antioxidant mechanism is crucial in many diseases, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of boiled aqueous extracts of fresh flowers of C. ternatea i.e. normal keel blue petals (AEFCN) and enlarged keel blue petals (AEFCL). Methods: The in-vitro antioxidant activity of both crude extracts was evaluated by following a 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Further, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and AlCl3 method respectively. The data was analyzed using SPSS software and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The results showed that the AEFCN and AEFCL exhibited dose-dependent DPPH scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 20.09 mg/mL and 26.8 mg/mL respectively whereas, 26.61 µg /mL for ascorbic acid. Further, total phenolic present (p>0.05) in AEFCN and AEFCL were 3.651 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g fresh flower of C. ternatea and 3.47 ± 0 mg GAE/g fresh flower weight of C. ternatea respectively, while total flavanoids (p<0.05) present were 63.58 ± 0.58 mg QE/g fresh flower of C. ternatea and 50.42 ± 0.29 mg QE/g fresh flower weight of C. ternatea respectively. Conclusion: The presence of a significantly (p<0.05) low IC50 value of AEFCN in DPPH assay provided scientific evidence for the high antioxidant activity of normal keel petals compared to the enlarged petals. Although there was no significant difference between phenol amounts, the AEFCN showed higher flavonoid amounts than AEFCL (p<0.05). In addition, AEFCN showed higher total phenols and flavonoid amounts than AEFCL. As phenolic compounds and flavonoids are well-known bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties, a comparatively higher amount of total phenols and flavonoids supports the relatively high antioxidant activity of AEFCN.
Notes To Contributors
Authors: Abdul Rashid Khairuddin
Published: December 2024

Notes to Contributors
Preface
Authors: Abdul Rashid Khairuddin
Published: December 2024

Preface for Vol.4, No.1
ЦИФРОВІ ПІДХОДИ В НАВЧАННІ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ ДЛЯ ЮРИСТІВ: ПОЄДНАННЯ ТРАДИЦІЙ І ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Данильченко-Черняк Оксана
Published: December 2024

В статті розглядається зростаюча роль англійської мови як індикатора транскордонного співробітництва. Мова слугує потужним інструментом для спілкування, обміну інформацією та ідеями, а також для налагодження зв'язків та порозуміння між людьми з різним культурним та етнічним походженням. В умовах глобалізації та інтеграції України до світового економічного простору вивчення англійської мови професійного спрямування стає не просто перевагою, а й нагальною потребою для фахівців будь-якої галузі. В статті проаналізовано рівень володіння англійською згідно EF EPI. Але важливо зазначити, що він вимірює лише певний сегмент населення (дорослих, які складали тест) і може не відображати рівень володіння англійською мовою в конкретних професійних сферах, таких як та, на якій ви зосереджуєтесь.
ПРОЄВРОПЕЙСЬКІ ЦІННОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ: ДОСВІД ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ МОДУЛЯ ЖАНА МОНЕ
Authors: Гончарова Ольга , Маслова Аліна
Published: December 2024

У статті розглянуто особливості та основні принципи формування ціннісних орієнтацій здобувачів вищої педагогічної освіти в Україні, окреслено роль закладів вищої освіти у створенні умов для популяризації європейських цінностей. На основі аналізу наукових досліджень, присвячених інтеграції України у Європейський освітній простір, автори дійшли висновку, що вища освіта в Україні характеризується наявністю системних змін та реформ, які спрямовані на забезпечення постійного підвищення якості вищої освіти, її відповідності рекомендаціям та стандартам Європейського простору вищої освіти. Автори представляють досвід імплементації Модуля Жана Моне «Зміцнення спільних цінностей ЄС через політику багатомовності в освіті та підготовці майбутніх учителів» у Мелітопольському державному педагогічному університеті імені Богдана Хмельницького. У статті детально розкриті мета, цілі та очікувані результати Модуля; окреслено вплив Модуля на розвиток компетентності майбутніх вчителів іноземної мови щодо популяризації Європейських цінностей; надається перелік ключових заходів, які проводяться в рамках реалізації робочого пакета; показано, як відбувається процес дисемінації отриманих результатів.
Pengaruh Store Atmosphere Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Cafe Bajawa Flores NTT di Kota Bekasi
Authors: Indahsari Daeviyani Nur , Bangun Mic Finanto Ario
Published: December 2024

Abstrak
 
Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang pengaruh store atmosphere terhadap kepuasan konsumen Cafe Bajawa Flores NTT di Kota Bekasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara store atmosphere terhadap kepuasan konsumen dengan melibatkan 115 respponden yang yang terdiri dari konsumen cafe Bajawa. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik non probability sampling dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling. Penentuan jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini menggunakan bantuan software Gpower 0.18.1.0 didapatkan 115 responde, yang dalam proses analisis data statistic menggunakan bantuan software JASP versi 0.18.1.0. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi Pearson’s Correlations diketahui bahwa nilai p-value ssebesar 0,849 dengan jumlah taraf signifikansi <.001 yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara store atmosphere dengan kepuasan konsumen, yang menunjukkan semakin besar tingkat store atmosphere maka semakin besar kepuasan konsumen dan sebaliknya. Kemudian pada hasil uji resgresi menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,723 atau sama dengan 72,3%. Dengan begitu menunjukkan bahwa dalam satu tingkat variabel store atmosphere memiliki pengaruh sebesar 72,3% terhadap variabel kepuasan konsumen. Sehingga hipotesis dalam penelitian ini yaitu Ha (hipotesis alternatif) diterima, bahwa terdapat hubungan antara store atmosphere terhadap kepuasan konsumen Cafe Bajawa Flores NTT di Kota Bekasi.
Pemanfaatan Lahan Kosong dan Peremajaan Lingkungan untuk Mengantisipasi Musim Hujan
Authors: Gilang  , Prayitno Muhammad Irfan , Advent  , Wahyu  , Ihsan  , Hedi Tubagus
Published: December 2024

Real Work Lecture (KKN) activities are an integral part of the higher education curriculum in Indonesia, including at the Faculty of Engineering. KKN aims to develop students' abilities to apply science and technology to solve problems in society. This articlediscusses the implementation of KKN in the Faculty of Engineering, focusing on the role of students in developing local infrastructure, community welfare, and environmental management. Through involvement in construction, design, and infrastructure maintenance projects, students learn to collaborate with communities, improve technical skills, and understand the social impact of engineering projects. The emphasis on problem-based learning and community service also helps shape students' social awarenessand responsibility as future engineers. The results of KKN at the Faculty of Engineering make a significant contribution not only toacademic development, but also to sustainable development and improving the quality of life in various regions of Indonesia.
Filsafat Eksistensialisme Kierkegaard Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Praktik Pendidikan Dalam Meningkatkan Spiritualitas Peserta Didik
Authors: Nasrudin Ega , Ramadhan Ahmad Faishal , Parhan Muhamad
Published: December 2024

This article aims to explore how Kierkegaard's existentialist philosophy views and its implications for educational practices that occur in improving students' spirituality. A qualitative approach with a literature study design is used for sources with procedures for conducting studies, collecting sources, and analyzing. The results of the study indicate that existentialist philosophy directs human development at a stage that recognizes religion or religiosity. The educational implications that can be applied from this view are divided into implications for students, implications for teachers, and implications for policy managers. For students, education is a way to get to know and become themselves better. In this case, teachers need to provide freedom and encourage students to be themselves. The goals and processes of education in this case should not only be oriented towards memorization but also the process of finding identity by each student.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Terhadap Efektivitas Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Di Desa Katapang Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Arifin Farid , Akbar Yogi Gumilar Saeful , Hanafi Novan Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Microenterprises are vital to local economies, especially in developing countries, contributing greatly to job creation and economic growth. However, many of these enterprises face challenges such as limited resources and market access. Effective leadership plays a key role in determining the success of microenterprises by managing resources, motivating teams, and supporting innovation. Various leadership styles, such as transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire, influence the effectiveness of microenterprise development in different ways; transformational and transactional leadership generally favor growth, while laissez-faire style can decrease motivation and performance. In this study, the method used is a quantitative descriptive method with data analysis using Simple linear regression with testing on samples in Katapang Village based on primary data obtained from questionnaires distributed by researchers. This simple linear regression test analysis is supported by Validity Test, Reliability Test, Determination and Correlation Coefficient Test, as well as partial significance and joint significance. In addition, the targeted output in this study is to be used as publication material in accredited national journals, so that it can have an impact and be used as a reference for more stakeholders throughout Indonesia, especially in Bandung Regency which is the object of this research.
Optimization of preparation parameters of palm oil-based nanofuel with multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) for stability using Taguchi-grey relation analysis (GRA) combination
Authors: Nauri Imam Muda , Andoko Andoko , Prasetya Riduwan , Pasha Muhammad Faizullah , Akbar Muhamad Rizky , Darmawan Muhammad Wahid , Puspitasari Poppy
Published: December 2024

This research optimizes the preparation parameters of palm oil-based nanofuel and Multi Wall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) to produce stable nanofuel. The parameters optimized include stirrer speed, sonication time, sonication power, and surfactant ratio, with stability measured through absorbance and sedimentation ratio (SR). The Taguchi method, using an L9 orthogonal array designed with minitab 19.0 software, was employed for single-objective optimization, while Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) is applied for multi-objective optimization. Experimental results show that the optimal conditions for absorbance are stirrer speed of 1000 rpm, sonication time of 30 minutes, sonication power of 200 watts, and surfactant ratio of 1, whereas for sedimentation ratio the optimal conditions are stirrer speed of 1000 rpm, sonication time of 30 minutes, sonication power of 150 watts, and surfactant ratio of 1. ANOVA analysis reveals that surfactant concentration contributes the most to nanofuel stability, with contributions of 79.63% for absorbance and 82.60% for sedimentation ratio. Multi-objective GRA optimization results also show that surfactant concentration is the most dominant factor, contributing 71.5% to the Grey Relational Grade (GRG). The consistency of optimal parameters yielded by both Taguchi and GRA methods reinforces the validity and consistency of this study's results. This research provides a strong foundation for the development of more stable nanofuels, potentially enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability. These findings offer practical guidelines for real-world applications and make significant contributions to nanofuel technology
Overview of anodization and silver coating for titanium alloys: Process parameters and biomedical insights
Authors: Andoko Andoko , Khoyroh Syafira Bilqis , Aminnudin Aminnudin , Prasetya Riduwan
Published: December 2024

Anodization is a critical electrochemical process for producing titanium oxide layers with varying characteristics, significantly influencing the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and performance of bone implants. This study systematically reviews the current state of research on the effects of anodization parameters and silver coatings on the morphology, functional groups, and phase identification of Ti-6Al-4V bone implants. By synthesizing findings from 18 relevant studies selected from 1044 screened articles (2000–2023), this review provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the role of anodization and silver coating in improving implant performance. The review highlights how variations in anodization parameters—such as electrolyte composition, voltage, and duration—significantly impact critical implant properties, including corrosion resistance, antimicrobial efficacy, and biocompatibility. Additionally, silver coatings are underscored for their antimicrobial benefits and ability to address challenges such as bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Beyond functional improvements, this review identifies gaps in the literature, such as the limited exploration of process optimization and the environmental implications of implant fabrication, offering actionable insights for future research. The novelty of this article lies in its holistic synthesis of fragmented findings, bridging material science, biomedical functionality, and sustainability. It provides a structured evaluation of key process parameters and their influence on implant performance, emphasizing the need for balanced approaches that integrate clinical effectiveness with environmentally responsible practices. By offering a unified perspective, this review serves as a valuable reference for advancing both research and practical applications in the development of high-performance bone implants.
Experimental investigations of number of blades effect on archimedes spiral wind turbine performance
Authors: Korawan Agus Dwi , Febritasari Rosadila
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the effect of blade numbers on the performance of Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbines (ASWT), a low-speed axial flow turbine with an Archimedean spiral blade design. Experimental tests and numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate power generation and fluid flow behavior. Results revealed that a three-blade ASWT achieved optimal performance, producing 158.5% more power than the four-blade configuration. The findings highlight the significant influence of blade numbers on ASWT efficiency, offering insights for improving wind turbine design in urban renewable energy applications.
Characteristics of syngas combustion resulting from coffee husk biomass waste gasification process: Overview of automotive fuel alternatives
Authors: Sanata Andi , Sholahuddin Imam , Nashrullah Muhammad Dimyati , Nanlohy Hendry Y. , Panithasan Mebin Samuel
Published: December 2024

The production of syngas from coffee husk biomass waste as a raw material offers significant potential as an alternative automotive fuel source through the gasification process, considering the abundant resources available. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the physical properties of the fuel initially, in order to observe the differences in these properties after the fuel underwent Ultra Fine Bubble treatment. The objective was to analyze the combustion characteristics of syngas derived from coffee husk biomass waste, to develop a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels for automotive applications. The results showed that with increasing air discharge, the concentration of CO and H₂ gases in gasified syngas increased while the concentration of CH4 decreased. Additionally, higher air discharge resulted in lower tar content, higher flame temperature, higher flame height visualization, and higher generator power output as a review of the feasibility of alternative automotive fuels.
Bacterias periodontopatógenas en niños hospitalizados y no hospitalizados: un estudio transversal
Authors: Díaz Caballero Antonio , Carmona Arango Luis Eduardo , Guerrero Guerrero Carlos , Canoles Varela Kendy , Cortes Carrasquilla Wendy , Guzmán Corena Ángel Alfonso , Plazas Román Jaime Enrique
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La colonización temprana de bacterias periodontopatógenas representa un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de una disbiosis en el periodonto. Esta disbiosis, cuando se manifiesta en pacientes ingresados en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), puede agravar su condición sistémica.
Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de bacterias periodontopatógenas en niños hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital infantil durante el período enero-diciembre de 2023.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se recolectaron muestras del biofilm subgingival del primer molar inferior permanente en 26 niños hospitalizados en UCI y 30 niños sanos que acudieron a la clínica de Odontopediatría de la Universidad de Cartagena. Las muestras se procesaron mediante PCR convencional utilizando primers específicos para Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td) y Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). Para el análisis estadístico se empleó la prueba exacta de Fisher con un nivel de significancia p < 0,05.
Resultados: De las 26 muestras de niños hospitalizados, 19 (73%) presentaron bacterias periodontopatógenas mientras que 7 (27%) resultaron negativas. En 2 pacientes se detectaron tres especies bacterianas simultáneamente (Tf, Pg, Fn) y en 11 pacientes se identificaron dos especies. En el grupo de niños no hospitalizados (n=30), 20 (66,6%) mostraron presencia bacteriana y 10 (33,3%) fueron negativos. Dieciséis niños presentaron tres especies bacterianas (Td, Pg, Fn), destacando la ausencia de Tf en este grupo. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas según sexo o edad (p > 0,05).
Conclusiones: Los resultados demuestran una importante colonización temprana de bacterias periodontopatógenas en ambos grupos estudiados, sugiriendo la necesidad de implementar protocolos de vigilancia y prevención periodontal, especialmente en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados.
Applying Soft-Law Mechanisms and Responsive Regulation Theory to Labor Law: A Case Study of Poland
Authors: Sołtys Karol
Published: December 2024

Focusing on selected international experiences, this article explores the role of soft regulation in the context of responsive enforcement of labor law. The analysis aims to answer the main research question of whether there is a method for the effective application of soft regulation in the responsive procedure of enforcing labor law in Polish legislation based on the experiences of Anglo-Saxon countries. Formal-dogmatic and comparative methods were used to address this question. The analysis includes experiences from the Canadian province of Ontario and Australian and British legislators. This article describes the mechanism of using soft regulation in the responsive procedure of enforcing labor law, which enabled the description of potential legal and governmental system consequences of its hypothetical application in Poland. The significant reliance of the responsive regulation model on soft regulation may, among other things, limit the ability of employers to challenge unresponsive treatment by public authorities. It also conflicts with certain constitutional principles, including the exclusivity of statutes and the principle of a democratic legal state. This, in turn, could prevent the implementation of responsive regulation in European legal systems. Finally, this article considers ways to minimise the risk of violating the Polish Constitution while maintaining the flexibility and potential effectiveness of responsive regulation.
Biotechnology and Intellectual Property: The Limits of Animal Patentability in the European Union
Authors: Golubei Mariia , Pankova Liliia
Published: December 2024

The study considers the possibility of patenting animal breeds as objects of intellectual property, taking into account the legislation and law enforcement practices of the European Union. It presents a retrospective analysis and detailed interpretation of the conventional and directive provisions related to the patent protection of animal breeds, and characterizes the differences between the latter and the microbiological process. It was observed that the position of the European Patent Office on this issue was not always unanimous, which was manifested in the contradictory interpretation of the relevant, not perfectly formulated, legislative norms. It was analyzed under what conditions the current position of the EU manifests itself in the fact that an animal breed, as a product of an exclusively biological process, cannot be subject to patent protection. In addition, the concepts of “biological” and “technical processes” were interpreted as additional criteria for patentability concerning living organisms. Attention was also paid to the ethical component of biotechnological inventions and the still problematic aspects of animal breeding as possible results of biotechnological activity were emphasized.
Automating Internship Data Management Processes in a Web-Based Application: A Case Study of FTI UNTAR
Authors: Gosal Maria Rosa , Wasino Wasino , Tony Tony
Published: December 2024

The Faculty of Information Technology at Universitas Tarumanagara (FTI UNTAR) supports the “Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka” (MBKM) industrial internship program, providing students with valuable work experiences through partnerships with companies and accessible internship listings. However, the existing management system lacks comprehensive digital support, leaving many processes manual and prone to inefficiencies, delays, and data errors. To address these challenges, this paper presents the design of a web-based application that aims to streamline internship data management by automating core processes and reducing administrative overhead. The application leverages the iterative methodology within the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), allowing for flexible adjustments and continuous refinement through repeated cycles of development and testing. Following development, the application successfully passed User Acceptance Testing (UAT) with all user types, including students, faculty advisors, company mentors, and administrators. Additionally, a System Usability Scale (SUS) survey conducted specifically for student users resulted in an excellent final score of 90.42, graded as A+. This outcome confirms the application’s effectiveness in enhancing operational accuracy and accessibility, elevating the overall quality of internship management at the faculty.
Ecological Structure of Soil Nematode Communities of Southern Chukotka
Authors: Migunova V. D. , Tabolin S. B. , Rybalov L. B.
Published: December 2024

The paper analyses the soil nematode communities of typical tundra of southern Chukotka. We have examined five types of shrub and grass-shrub biotopes formed on the Cryosol, Fluvisol, Histosol, Gleysol and Cambisol. The animals were extracted from the soil by the Baermann technique with subsequent determination of taxonomic diversity, total and relative numbers, and trophic groups. The highest number (7044 individuals/100 g of soil) and biomass (12.15 mg) of nematodes were found in the histosol, and the minimum number (1000 individuals/100 g of soil; 1.96 mg) of nematodes in the Cryosol. Bacterivorous nematodes dominated in all soil types. The maximum percentage of bacterivorous nematodes (94%) were found in the Cambisol. Their percentages of fungivorous nematodes in the studied soils ranged from 1 to 42%. Predatory and omnivorous nematodes were present in all soils except for the litter of the Cambisol. Their percentage ranged from 2 to 32%. Phytonematodes were few, their highest number was found in the Gleisol (18%). The nematode fauna of the soils under analysis differed significantly. The greatest diversity of nematodes was found in the turf horizon of the Fluvisol, and the smallest diversity of nematodes was in the litter of the Cambisol. The values of Sigma Maturity Index ranged between 2 and 3. The Enrichment Index had low and middle (1.40–41.02) values, and the Structure Index had high values (59.51–84.07). The genera of Eudorylaimus and Plectus were eudominants in all soil types. The soil food webs formed in the biocenoses under consideration can be characterized as stable and structured except for the alder biocenose.
The Effect of Long-Term Use of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash Fertilizers on the Content of Forms of Phosphorus Compounds in the Sod-Podzolic Soil of the Urals
Authors: Vasbieva M. T. , Zavyalova N. E. , Shishkov D. G.
Published: December 2024

The effect of long-term use of mineral fertilizers on changes in the content of total phosphorus, its organic, mineral and mobile compounds in soddy-podzolic heavy loamy soil (Albiс Retisol (Abruptic, Aric, Loamic)) was studied. The studies were carried out in a long-term stationary experiment established in the Perm region in 1978. Options – 0 (without fertilizers), N90, P90, K90, N90P90, N90K90, P90K90, N90P90K90, N30P30K30, N60P60K60, N120P120K120, N150P150K1 50. Ammonium nitrate or urea, double or simple superphosphate and potassium chloride were used in the experiment. It was established that long-term use of superphosphate during five rotations of a field eight-field crop rotation (P90, P90K90, N90P90, N90P90K90) led to a significant increase in the total content of phosphorus in the arable soil layer (0–20 cm), its mineral part by 1.3–1.8 times, mobile connections by 1.9–2.7 times. The use of nitrogen fertilizers (N90, N90K90, N90Р90 N90Р90K90) influenced the accumulation of organic phosphorus compounds in the soil. A significant increase in the soil content and reserves of both mineral and organic phosphorus compounds was observed only when using complete mineral fertilizer N90P90K90. Different combinations of superphosphate with nitrogen fertilizers and potassium chloride, as well as the dose of fertilizers, influenced the intensity of accumulation of mobile phosphorus compounds in the soil by rotation and changes in its amount along the profile. The application of low doses (NPK) 30–60 led to an increase in mobile phosphorus compounds mainly in the arable soil layer; when higher doses (NPK) 90–150 were used, changes were noted in the 0–80 cm layer. Long-term use of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers over time led to an increase in mobile phosphorus compounds in the arable soil layer.
The Legacy of Decree 66/770 in Romania: Women’s Collective Memory of a Transgenerational Trauma
Authors: Panfilo Giulia
Published: December 2024

The trauma Romanian women endured under Ceaușescu’s pro-natalist policies, particularly Decree 770, persists long after 1989 as a form of collective memory. This memory is not only conveyed through literary and cinematic works, with critical reflections emerging only in the early 2000s, after a decade of societal silence. The legacy of forced motherhood and unsafe abortions has also resulted in widespread mistrust of medical institutions and poor sexual education, perpetuating a preference for abortion over contraception to this day. This transgenerational trauma continues to influence women's reproductive health, reviving taboos and reinforcing societal roles in contemporary Romania. In this paper, the legacy of such policies is explored through a combined perspective of biopolitics and memory studies considering three generations of Romanian women: socialist mothers, their Decrețeii daughters and their daughters in turn who outlived the abortion ban after 1989.
Relevanța analizei erorilor în achiziția articolului în RLS.
Authors: Nicolae Adrian Hent
Published: December 2024

This study aims to highlight linguistic and didactic reference points in teaching the article to Armenian language speakers. The acquisition of the article in a foreign language presents a challenge for many learners due to structural differences between languages regarding its use and placement. Additionally, identifying the correct contexts for the use of definite, indefinite, or zero articles complicates the learning process, requiring constant exposure to correct linguistic patterns. Based on empirical data analysis through the error analysis method, the study illustrates, with concrete examples, a series of structural differences and similarities in the use of the article in Romanian and Armenian, drawn from a case study conducted over three years of teaching Romanian at “Valeri Brusov” University in Yerevan, Armenia. The selected corpus consists of 70 written texts, including free compositions and guided essays, produced by students with competence levels ranging from intermediate to advanced. The paper will first summarize the theoretical procedures of error analysis, then focus on identifying, describing, examining, and classifying the main sources of errors in the use of the article by Armenian students. Additionally, the study will explore the impact of negative transfer in the acquisition of the article, considering, as much as possible, how the learners’ proficiency level influences the degree of interference with their native language. The findings demonstrate that, in the case of Armenian speakers, error analysis is an effective, and sometimes essential, tool in identifying recurring mistakes, allowing for the adaptation of teaching strategies to clarify the structural differences between the native language and the target language and to optimize the learning process.
New Historicism in Romanian Fiction
Authors: MURESAN MARIA
Published: December 2024

Our research is an inquiry into the validity of a theoretically constructed framework for the study of literature which emerged at the threshold between the eighth and ninth decades of the last century: New Historicism. This inquiry implies both a theoretical and an applied dimension, that is, an assessment of the epistemological tenability of new historicist premises, assumptions and line of argument completed by the successful application of this grid on texts, in the sense of securing an interpretation which sounds appropriate and edifying. The necessity of this approach seems to us to arise out of the paradoxical situation that, although the masterpieces of Romanian fiction published after the war are in the magic realist or metahistoriographic key, the Romanian critics who used the New Historicist grid in their interpretation are just a few, and not the most authoritative figures in shaping the canon. The new historicism is neither popularization nor schematization, it is the new breath that will allow us to keep a minimum relationship of the people we are with the ideas that were. Our paper brings up proofs in this argument, some of them originating in a theoretical discussion of the premises of New Historicism in the context of other critical schools, of the present exegesis of literary history, theory and criticism. Other arguments are provided by the epistemology of the age which carries the traces of the linguistic turn, that is, the reversal of the relationship between language and referent. History is no longer conceived of as the non-problematic and truthful record of past events; it has been deconstructed as an act of language, a narrative following no other rules than the generic ones. We were also pleased to draw attention to valuable Romanian contributions to the research and discourse on this subject.
MMXX by Cristi Puiu – The 10th Muse and the Dismantling of Attractions
Authors: Przybylski Krystian
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the issue of stylistic and thematic coherence in the work of Romanian director Cristi Puiu, in particular the recurring elements of cinematic language that characterise the Romanian New Wave and the constant thematic motifs presented by Puiu in a philosophical and theological key. Based on the observations of Karol Irzykowski, a Polish precursor of theoretical thought on cinema as art, the article examines how the narrative strategy Irzykowski termed 'fermata', used by him especially to describe extensive film, functions in relation to Puiu's works. This phenomenon is considered as a characteristic feature of Puiu's full-length works, although particular attention is given to the analysis of his most recent picture, 2023's MMXX, which tackles the theme of functioning in conditions of social isolation. This film, due to its specific construction, also allows us to look at how the individual components of the film image (episodes) interact with each other giving the film work additional meaning at the level of its structure. Whether Puiu continues or breaks with the themes taken up in his previous films, how to read the ascetic form and enigmatic content, constituting a kind of uncompromising 'dismantling of attractions', challenging the audience and potentially hindering the perception of the film – these are the questions the author poses and attempts to answer in this article.
ANALISIS PERLAKUAN ASET TETAP PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN
Authors: Anugerah Muhammad Tegar , Riski Marsi Fella
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana Perum DAMRI Cabang mengelola aset tetap sesuai dengan PSAK 16, yang mencakup aspek pengakuan, pengukuran, penyusutan, penghentian, dan penyajian aset tetap dalam laporan keuangan. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk mengumpulkan data melalui dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perum DAMRI Cabang mengelola aset tetap sesuai dengan PSAK 16, termasuk dalam hal pengakuan, pengukuran, penyusutan, penghentian, dan penyajian dalam laporan posisi keuangan.
Improving Elementary School Students Mathematical Problem Solving Abilities with the REACT Learning Strategy
Authors: Fendrik Muhammad , Syahrilfuddin Syahrilfuddin , Ulfah Salsabil
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the REACT learning strategy on problem-solving among fifth-grade students at Pekanbaru Public Elementary School. This type of research employs a quasi-experimental approach with a nonequivalent group control group design. This study employs a purposive sampling technique, in which samples are chosen based on specific criteria. This study employs two classes: VA as the experimental class and VB as the control class. The experimental class received treatment (treatment), while the control class did not. Data collection methods include test instruments and documentation. The significant results (2-tailed) of 0.013 < 0.05 indicate that REACT strategy learning has an effect on problem-solving ability, leading to the acceptance of Ha and rejection of H0. Based on these findings, it is possible to conclude that the REACT learning strategy (relating, experiencing, applying, cooperating, and transferring) has an effect on fifth-grade students’ problem-solving abilities.
Modified RPL Routing Protocol for Dense IOT Networks
Authors: Obaid Tuqa Y. , Abdulkareem A. Kadhim
Published: December 2024

Dense IoT-WSNs is a subtype of IoT-WSNs in which a high density of deployed nodes and data exchange is considered. Due to the capacity constraints of nodes in the IoT-WSN, the routing process requires a unique design to accommodate a large amount of data while saving its energy consumption. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) creates a routing protocol for low-power lossy networks based on IPv6 to handle large numbers of nodes called RPL. RPL nodes rely on an objective function mechanism in route selection. Each objective function utilizes different metrics. The primary objective of this paper is to propose two modified RPL protocols to improve RPL performance over a dense network. The impact of the number of children is also investigated. The first proposed protocol is called ENCRPL. It used three metrics: energy level, number of neighbors, and a new metric, depending on the number of children. The second protocol, called NCERPL, is based on combining node and link metrics by using the numbers of neighbor nodes and children's nodes as node metrics and the expected transmission count (ETX) as a link metric. The proposed protocols are implemented and evaluated using Cooja simulator based on the Contiki-OS. Regarding energy consumption, the results show that the proposed protocols outperform RPL and the previously proposed protocol, called MET protocol.  ENCRPL achieved a 93% improvement in energy saving over RPL with a density of 0.48 and 0.0075 nodes/m2.  NCERPL provides about 14% improvement in energy saving over METRPL with 0.48 density and a 44% improvement with 0.0075 density.  Both ENCRPL and NCERPL achieved higher performance regarding the number of dead nodes than RPL and METRPL with all scenarios. Considering packet delivery ratio and throughput, ENCRPL and NCERPL perform better than RPL with high-density scenarios.
A Dataset for Emotion Recognition for Iraqi Autism Individuals as a Step Towards EEG-Based Therapeutic Intervention
Authors: Laith Salim Israa , Jalal Ali Sadeq Abdulhadi , Osama Ali Awad
Published: December 2024

n this work, Emotion Recognition for Iraqi Autism Individuals (EmoReIQ) is presented, a dataset of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals recorded during various sessions for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) participants. Since individuals with ASD often have difficulty understanding and expressing their own emotions, which leads to difficulties in social interactions, communication, and overall well-being; therefore, recognizing and understanding emotions is crucial for them during therapy sessions to provide appropriate support and interventions. Developing, being done for the first time in Iraq country, a dataset that is more specific to the cultural and linguistic context of Iraqi ASD individuals will help treat and try to get them to safety. EEG signals from 28 ASD participants were recorded while they were exposed to visual emotion-eliciting stimuli that evoked one of the five emotions (calm, happiness, anger, fear, and sadness) in different experiment sessions. The classification algorithm, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), is applied and analyzed for emotion recognition. EEG signals were recorded using BrainAccess, a portable and wireless kit that allows the use of effective Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) techniques in everyday applications. A dataset construction protocol is proposed, with emotional stimuli specifically designed to evoke the emotional responses of ASD individuals. EEG data preprocessing and analysis framework is developed to select and combine various EEG-based emotional-relevant features efficiently. With the proposed ANN classifier model, the mean accuracy values are 78.86%, 83.32%, and 72.98% for valence, arousal, and dominance respectively. The EmoReIQ dataset is validated and outperforms state-of-art datasets
Enhance Stream Cipher using Modified Fisher Algorithm
Authors: K. Mohammed Hatem , T. Mohammed Alhamza , J. Zaiter Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Cryptography, being an important science in securing communications networks, is continuously looking for novel ways to strengthen traditional encryption techniques. This study explores the possibilities of improving the Stream Cipher and fortifying it with a Modified Fisher Algorithm (MFA). Hence, the combination of Stream Cipher with Modified Fisher Algorithm (SCwMFA) is more secure than each cipher alone. Where the Stream Cipher is regarded as a powerful approach that uses binary form instead of characters with MFA to increase the strength of the needed key. This combination offers a good level of security. Experimental results reveal that the suggested combining algorithms based on the Index of Coincidence (IoC) metric outperforms the Stream Cipher with The Traditional Fisher-Algorithm (SCwTFA) in terms of security with increasing cryptanalysis complexity.
Assessment of The Impact of Apremilast on Levels of IL-17, IL-23, and Lipids in Obese Psoriatic Patient
Authors: Saad Haitham M. , Noaimi Adil A. , Mahmood Halla Gh.
Published: December 2024

Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease with unknown aetiology that may be associated with the defect in proliferation and differentiation of the keratinocytes related to inflammatory cell infiltration. According to published reports, it is universal in occurrence; its prevalence in different populations varies from 0.1% to 11.8%. Receiving Apremilast resulted in a strong reduction in interleukin 17 and interleukin 23, as well as reduced expression of other inflammatory cytokines and improvement of psoriatic lesions.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of Apremilast on levels of IL-17, IL-23, and lipids in obese psoriatic patients.
Methods: Thirty obese patients with psoriasis were included in this prospective interventional study to measure serum levels of lipid profile, IL-17, and IL-23, before and after receiving Apremilast treatment. A t-test was used to compare between means.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 38 years. The most common age group was 30–40 years. The levels of IL-17 before the administration of Apremilast were 225.55 ± 7.70 pg/mL. After six months of treatment with Apremilast, a statistically significant reduction was seen, with the value decreasing to 183.41 ±2.33 pg/ml. IL-22 levels before the administration of Apremilast were measured to be 76.42 ± 4.03 pg/mL. After six months of treatment with Apremilast, these levels exhibited a non-significant decrease to 67.15 ± 5.40 pg/ml. Modest alterations were noted in the lipid profile.
Conclusion: The use of Apremilast is effective in decreasing IL-17 levels, which have pro-inflammatory effects; this leads to improvement in psoriatic lesions. Moreover, receiving Apremilast in obese psoriatic individuals led to a reduction in TG levels and an elevation in HDL-C levels. Additionally, a rise in TC levels and LDL-C was seen.
The Prevalence of Swarming Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated from UTI and Catheter-Associated UTI
Authors: Kaittan Hamza I. , Flayyih May T.
Published: December 2024

Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common bacterial illnesses among the public and in hospital settings. A prevalent nosocomial disease is catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). The risk of infection increases with urinary catheterization, making it easier for Escherichia coli to colonize the urinary system. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) specifically adapts to survive in challenging urinary tract conditions. Treating CAUTI accurately and effectively can be difficult. An important health concern nowadays is drug-resistant bacteria.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of swarming genes in E. coli responsible for UTIs and catheter-associated UTIs, and determine their antibiotic resistance.
Methods: A total of 143 clinical specimens of urine and catheter samples were collected from two teaching hospitals in Baghdad city between October and December 2023. The bacteria were identified, and their antimicrobial susceptibility was tested. Conventional PCR methods were used to determine the bacteria and detect swarming genes (flhC, flhD, and recA).
Result: Out of 143 samples, 44 isolates were identified as E. coli (35 isolates from UTIs and 9 isolates from catheters). These isolates exhibited varying sensitivities to antibiotics, most being multi-drug resistant (MDR). They were highly resistant to tetracycline (72.7%) and highly susceptible to imipenem (93.2%). Among these isolates, 16 were identified (12 from UTIs and 4 from catheters). All the highly swarming and multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates were found to possess the three tested swarming genes (flhC, flhD, and recA), as determined by conventional PCR.
Conclusion: Escherichia coli is more prevalent in UTIs than in catheters. The number of isolates demonstrating the ability to swarm was found to be higher in UTIs, and these isolates also exhibited the capability to swim. Most E. coli isolates are multidrug-resistant and can swarm.