bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risks and security solutions existing in the Internet of things (IoT) in relation to Big Data
Authors: Alvarez Mendoza Yigliana , Londoño Gomez Tania J. , Leguizamón Páez Miguel Angel
Published: November 2020

The technological advance of the new era has led to the interconnection of devices, applications, people and data, giving way to the generation of the Internet of Things (IoT). The multiple data collected is so voluminous and variable that it must be stored in Big Data architectures. This evolution has provided the opportunity to have better access, quality and analysis of information, but at the same time, there is a challenge to prevent and mitigate the security risks associated with the relationship between IoT and Big Data, endangering the information collected and the user’ sensitive data, among others. The purpose of this document is to carry out a literature review to collect the security risks found between the relationship of Big Data and IoT, as well as evaluate the current solutions implemented and conclude if they cover the needs for prevention and mitigation of the risk.
Age of the Archaean Murchison Belt and mineralisation, South Africa
Authors: Vearncombe J.R. , McNaughton N.J. , Porter J.K. , Zi J-W. , Talavera C.
Published: November 2020

The east-northeast-trending Murchison-Thabazimbi Lineament in northern South Africa is one of the world’s most important structures for its control on world-class mineral deposits, Proterozoic sedimentary basins and giant igneous intrusions. The deepest exposed Archaean parts of the lineament are the Murchison Belt. Bounded by granitoids, the belt comprises greenschist to amphibolite facies volcano-sedimentary strata with isoclinal folds and the 7 km thick meta-igneous Rooiwater Complex. The Rooiwater Complex is intruded by a northern regional granitoid dated at 2 929 ± 7 Ma by SHRIMP U-Pb on zircons. Using field relationships, published isotopic age data and new SHRIMP zircon dates we confirm the age Rooiwater Complex at 2 965 Ma, showing it to be contemporaneous with the Archaean volcanic and sedimentary formations, the meta-igneous Complex being the lower sequence in a ~2 980 to 2 960 Ma island arc.

Despite being implicated as a source of gold for the world’s largest natural accumulation of gold in the Witwatersrand Basin, the absolute age of Sb-Au mineralisation in the Murchison Belt is poorly constrained. We have utilised SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology to date monazites from a Sb-Au ore sample from the granitoid-hosted Malati Pump orebody and determine ages for two different generations of monazite, both associated with ore minerals. The older age of 2 832 ± 23 Ma is from a minority of grains and is interpreted to date the primary Sb-Au mineralisation, about 120 Ma after belt formation. This age predates, or is possibly synchronous with, sedimentation of the upper-Witwatersrand Central Rand Group. The younger age of 1 968 ± 17 Ma from a majority of monazite grains is unrelated in time to known events and interpreted here as a cryptic hydrothermal reworking of the Sb-Au ores in this deposit.
Force Field Development of β-lactam Class Antibiotics
Authors: Heinzmann Trevor
Published: November 2020

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a computational chemistry technique used to observe how a molecular system behaves as time passes. MD is based on solving Newton’s equations of motion. This requires the use of force fields to describe the potential energy function of each different molecule type in molecular system. In order to develop a force field, charges, bonds, angles, and dihedrals must be parameterized to fit quantum mechanics (QM) data. By basing the force field on QM data, MD simulations have higher accuracy while still using the low computational cost of molecular mechanics. This project focuses on developing well-fit force fields for β-lactam class antibiotics for future MD simulations. Full antibiotics are too large of a molecule to parameterize from scratch, so instead we broke them down into fragments. Smaller molecule fragments allow less terms to be optimized which greatly simplifies force field development. By the transferable nature of parameters in CHARMM force fields, the fragment parameters can be transferred to connecting molecules. Due to this, we can build up larger organic molecule force fields piece by piece.In this work, we developed CHARMM force fields for cephalothin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam.
Supplementing Maize Agriculture in Basketmaker II Subsistence: Dietary Analysis of Human Paleofeces from Turkey Pen Ruin (42SA3714)
Authors:   ,   Southern Methodist University, Battillo Jenna M.
Published: November 2020

This research explores the factors that motivated increasing reliance on maize during the Basketmaker II period in the North American Southwest. Through the analysis of 44 human paleofeces from Turkey Pen Ruin, Utah, I investigate resource choice and nutritional supplementation of maize before the advent of bean horticulture. In order to discern what resources provided caloric and nutritional supplementation to maize, all paleofecal specimens were analyzed for pollen and macrofossil content, and 20 were further sampled for PCR analysis targeted at several select animal and plant species. Eight paleofecal specimens from various stratigraphic layers were directly AMS dated in order to better assess the chronology of the midden from which they were excavated, and to determine their cultural phase association. The resulting data allowed for the testing of three hypotheses based in human behavioral ecology, specifically applying diet-breadth and patch-choice models. The results of this project demonstrate that the diet of these early maize farmers was relatively broad, and included a high proportion of resources with lower caloric returns than maize. Furthermore, plants associated with field and disturbance settings, such as goosefoot (Chenopodium spp.) and purslane (Portulaca spp.), which provide excellent nutritional complements to maize, made large contributions to the diet. Overall, these findings indicate that people were pushed to increase their reliance on farming due to resource depression, and that the anthropogenic niche created by farming activities encouraged greater focus on the field as a patch of multiple types of resources, and not only as a location for growing maize. The discovery of corn smut (Ustilago maydis) spores in all but one of the specimens studied suggest that this parasitic fungus may also have made a noteworthy contribution to the diet, further supporting the emphasis on the field as a patch. In combination, these data and theoretical analyses help to explain the subsistence choices made by Basketmaker II people. In particular, these results clarify what motivated people to increasingly focus on farming, and highlight the wild resources used to augment maize-based nutrition prior to the incorporation of beans, which provided essential nutrients during later periods.
Neurosurgery versus orthopedic surgery: Who has better access to minimally invasive spinal technology?
Authors: Guiroy Alfredo José , Duarte Matias Pereira , Cabrera Juan Pablo , Coombes Nicolás , Gagliardi Martin , Gotfryd Alberto , Carazzo Charles , Taboada Nestor , Falavigna Asdrubal
Published: November 2020

Background:

Our aim was to evaluate differences in neurosurgeons versus orthopedists access to technologies needed to perform minimally invasive spine surgeries (MISS) in Latin America.

Methods:

We sent a survey to members of AO Spine Latin America (January 2020), and assessed the following variables; nationality, level of hospital (primary, secondary, and tertiary), number of spinal operations performed per year, spinal pathologies addressed, the number of minimally invasive spine operations performed/year, and differences in access to MISS spinal technology between neurosurgeons and orthopedists.

Results:

Responses were returned from 306 (25.6) members of AO Spine Latin America representing 20 different countries; 57.8% of respondents were orthopedic surgeons and 42.4% had over 10 years of experience. Although both specialties reported a lack of access to most of the technologies, the main difference between the two was greater utilization/access of neurosurgeons to operating microscope (e.g., 84% of the neurosurgeons vs. 39% of orthopedic spine surgeons).

Conclusion:

Although both specialties have limited access to MISS spinal technologies, orthopedic spine surgeons reported significantly lower access to operating microscopes versus neurosurgeons (P < 0.01).
Boron Oxynitride Quantum Dots for CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Shankar Ravi , Mistry Elan , Ardakani Mahmoud , Petit Camille
Published: November 2020

Photocatalytically active boron oxynitride quantum dots (BNO QDs) were produced via a bottom-up hydrothermal synthesis. This is the first demonstration of BN-based quantum dots being employed as photocatalysts. The material facilitates CO2 photoreduction, with evolution rates and quantum efficiencies exceeding those for P25 TiO2, the benchmark catalyst in the field.
Discovery of Cyanobacterial Natural Products Containing Fatty Acid Residues
Authors: Figueiredo Sandra A. C. , Preto Marco , Moreira Gabriela , Martins Teresa P. , Abt Kathleen , Melo André , Vasconcelos Vitor M. , Leao Pedro
Published: November 2020

Natural products have an important role in several human activities, most notably as sources of new drugs. In recent years, massive sequencing and annotation of bacterial genomes has revealed an unexpectedly large number of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters whose products are yet to be discovered. For example, cyanobacterial genomes contain a large number of gene clusters that likely incorporate fatty acid-derived moieties, but for most cases we lack the knowledge and tools to effectively predict or detect the encoded natural products. Here, we exploit the apparent lack of a functional beta-oxidation pathway in cyanobacteria to achieve efficient stable-isotope labeling of their fatty acid-derived lipidome. We show that supplementation of cyanobacterial cultures with deuterated fatty acids can be used to easily detect natural product signatures in individual strains. The utility of this strategy is demonstrated in two cultured cyanobacteria by uncovering analogues of the multidrug-resistance reverting hapalosin, and novel, cytotoxic, lactylate-nocuolin A hybrids – the nocuolactylates.
Effect of Unwanted Guest Molecules on the Stacking Configuration of Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Periodic Energy Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Wonanke A.D. Dinga , Addicoat Mathew
Published: November 2020

Elucidating the precise stacking configuration of a covalent organic framework, COF, is critical to fully understand their various applications. Unfortunately, most COFs form powder crystals whose atomic characterisations are possible only through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. However, this analysis has to be coupled with computational simulations, wherein computed PXRD patterns for different stacking configurations are compared with experimental patterns to predict the precise stacking configuration. This task is often computationally challenging firstly because, computation of these systems mostly rely on the use of semi-empirical methods that need to be adequately parametrised for the system being studied and secondly because some of these compounds possess guest molecules, which are not often taken into account during computation. COF-1 is an extreme case in which the presence of the guest molecule plays a critical role in predicting the precise stacking configuration. Using this as a case study, we mapped out a full PES for the stacking configuration in the guest free and guest containing system using the GFN-xTB semi-empirical method followed by a periodic energy decomposition analysis using first principle DFT. Our results showed that the presence of the guest molecule leads to multiple low energy stacking configurations with significantly different lateral offsets. Also, the semi-empirical method does not precisely predict DFT low energy configurations, however, it accurately accounts for dispersion. Finally, our quantum-mechanical analysis demonstrates that electrostatic-dispersion model suggested Hunter and Sanders accurately describe the stacking in 2D COFs as oppose to the newly suggested Pauli-dispersion model.
Importance of mental peace for physical well-being among medical and dental personnel during a pandemic - An awareness-based study
Authors: Snehaa Baskaran  , Abilasha R  , Kavitha S
Published: November 2020

The connection between the body and the mind is an intangible one. The health of one affects the other, and so does the illness. Mental peace is intimately connected to physical health. Aim of the study is to address the mental health of the health workers and factors which influence them to improve their knowledge and maintain their physical well-being and thus improve the quality of work and successfully fulfilling their duties as medical personnel. Health workers should be provided with psychosocial support which will help them. Chronic levels of stress lead to unhealthy coping methods. Organisations and agencies that the medical personnel work under should provide relief efforts to obtain the effectiveness of the workforce. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical and dental personnel through a questionnaire consisting of 15 questions and is circulated among the target population. The sample size of the survey was 100 and obtained from medical personnel, including dentists, physicians and surgeons. 70.5% were aware that mental peace is important for physical well-being. According to the results, mental health has to be improved for 36.3% and for 63.7% it was good. More population of dentists suffered from panic and anxiety-related disorders due to the current crisis, and they strongly agreed that mental peace is essential for physical well-being. This study concludes that the medical personnel have poor mental health during this pandemic which is affecting their physical health also and vice versa.
BORDER DISTRIBUTION AS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPIC OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES
Authors: Зотова Ольга Александровна , Терещенко Татьяна Александровна
Published: November 2020

В статье рассматриваются теоретические положения приграничной системы расселения, проведен обзор терминов «граница», «приграничье», «пограничье», «трансграничье», сформулированных разными авторами, уточняется понятие «приграничного региона». Дается оценка влияния государственной границы на систему расселения приграничных территорий.

The article discusses the theoretical provisions of the cross-border settlement system, reviews the terms “frontier”, “borderland”, “border”, “cross-border” formulated by different authors, clarifies the concept of “border region”. The impact of the state frontier on the system of resettlement of border areas is assessed.
VIBRATION ENERGY HARVESTING TECHNIQUE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Nek Daud Nik Fakhri , Ghoni Ruzlaini
Published: November 2020

In order to minimize the requirement of external power source and maintenance for electric devices such as wireless sensor networks, the energy harvesting technique based on vibrations has been a dynamic field of studying interest over past years. Researchers have concentrated on developing efficient energy harvesters by adopting new materials and optimizing the harvesting devices. One important limitation of existing energy harvesting techniques is that the power output performance is seriously subject to the resonant frequencies of ambient vibrations, which are often random and broadband. This paper reviews important vibration-to-electricity conversion mechanisms, including theory, modelling methods and the realizations of the piezoelectric, electromagnetic and electrostatic approaches. Different types of energy harvesters that have been designed with nonlinear characteristics are also reviewed. As one of important factors to estimate the power output performance, the energy conversion efficiency of different conversion mechanisms is also summarized. Finally, the challenging issues based on the existing methods and future requirement of energy harvesting are also discussed.
International Commercial Arbitration Put to the Test in the Commonwealth
Authors: Butler Petra
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the Commonwealth Study on international commercial arbitration conducted in 2019. The importance of the availability of international commercial arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism lies in the link between trade and the accessibility of a dispute resolution mechanism that reflects the needs of cross-border trade. Given that the Commonwealth has a unique legal and trade ecosystem the Study provides a rare opportunity to consider what a best practice modern international commercial arbitration framework should look like to encourage cross-border trade.
Reflections on Justice
Authors: Thomas Edmund
Published: November 2020

This paper is an edited version of Sir Edmund's Valedictory Lecture delivered at the University of Auckland on 15 February 2018.
THE INTRODUCTION OF MODERN CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN ACHIEVING RESULTS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES
Authors:   Tashkent state university of economics of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Hashimov Bahrom
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes modern management accounting concepts and examines the issues of their implementation in domestic enterprises
PROSPECTS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE EXPORT DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM IN THE BUKHARA REGION
Authors:   Tashkent state university of economics of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khojaev Fazliddin
Published: November 2020

This article mainly addresses the issues of improving the current state of production of industrial and agricultural agricultural products, their processing as well as enterprises operating in this industry, on the importance of logistics services in the delivery of products and the development of logistics infrastructure in the Bukhara region
MODERN METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC CIVIL SERVANTS
Authors:   Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Xolov Aktam
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes modern methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the activities of civil servants. It is also planned to introduce software "KPI-Drive", "1C: Goalsand KPI Management", "HighPer", "KPI Monitor", "Apple KPI", "KPI Suite", "Sucsess Factors" to assess the effectiveness of civil servants. suggestions and recommendations are given
NEURAL NETWORK MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE ECONOMY
Authors:   Termez State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khatamov Ochildi , Namazov Gafur
Published: November 2020

The article describes the technology for creating models of a neural network, as well as the types and properties of its activation functions. The article also discusses the importance of using neural network systems in the economy and analyzes the areas in which they are used efficiently today
ANALYSIS OF COMPETING BRANDS BY CLASSIFICATION OF CONSUMER GOODS, BRAND ADVANTAGES IN THE JUICE MARKET
Authors:   Tashkent state university of economics of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Odilova Sitora
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study is to study the influence of various characteristics of the FMCG juice market, such as price, quality, taste, advertising, packaging and color, on consumer consumer behavior. The world as well as the juice market in Uzbekistan is briefly described. Consumer preferences and attitudes towards juices in the country are comparable among competing companies. Consumer preferences by brands are analyzed. It found that specific characteristics of a product areimportant indicators of consumer demand.
WAYS TO IMPROVE ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Tashkent Financial Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Madaminov In'omjon
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the issues of further development of the economy of Uzbekistan by attracting foreign investment. At the same time, special attention has paid to the effective implementation of an active investment policy in the country.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND DIRECTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Termez State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Qosimov Azamat , Berdiev Anvar ,   Denau institute of entrepreneurship and pedagogy of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: November 2020

This article describes the nature, benefits, and negative consequences of the digital economy. The programs and directions of development of the digital economy in Uzbekistan and abroad are considered. In addition, foreign experience in the development of the digital economy was studied, an analysis was presented, and conclusions were drawn based on this.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND EMPLOYEES
Authors:   Tashkent State Financial University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Safarova Zuxra
Published: November 2020

This article examines organizational behaviors and employee interactions within the organization. The purpose of this study is to study and analyze the organizational behavior and the relevance of the interests and goals of employees to it
INNOVATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN -AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   TASHKENT STATE UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN STUDIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN, Lapasov Nurali
Published: November 2020

Innovation and scientific and technological progress are one of the key factors of economic growth. Innovative economic growth is determined by the dynamics of economic development and the level of welfare of the population, national security, the possibility of equal integration into the world economy, mainly the country's ability to use scientific and technical achievements in practice. Accordingly, the strategy of innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2019-2021 has been approved in our country. The article discusses the trends of innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the causes and factors hindering the development of the innovative sector of the economy and makes recommendations based on world experience
THE SYSTEM OF STATE SUPPORT FOR SMALL BUSINESS AND PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS
Authors:   Gulistan State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sattorkulov Obidkul , Aliqulov Ravshan , Turdiqulova Gulmira
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the state of the state mechanism for regulating the activities of small business and private entrepreneurship, the system for stimulating its activities and practical measures implemented by the state at this stage of economic development
SOCIAL COOPERATION OF THE MAHALLA INSTITUTE WITH STATE ORGANIZATIONS IN IMPROVING EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING OF YOUTH
Authors:   Tashkent City Council of People's Deputies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Matibayev Taspolat
Published: November 2020

The article reveals the role of the mahalla institute in educating young people, as well as legal norms for expanding the status in the principles of social partnership. It was noted that the upbringing of the young generation is primarily focused on the family, school and mahalla. Since ancient times,the mahalla was a social partner of neighboring people. The social cooperation not only gives mahalla institute an opportunity of self-control, but also creates conditions for improvement of the society
THE ESSENCE OF THE CATEGORIZATION OF PARTY AND PARTY SYSTEMS
Authors:   National university of Uzbekistan, Karshiev Nurmukhammad
Published: November 2020

The article examines the study of political party and party systems, one of the important tasks of the partology, which is considered a relatively new branch of modern political science. One of the actual problems of this science is the study of theoretical approaches of various scholars to the issues of political party and party systems and their categorization.
ROLE OF ISLAM'S EDUCATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST DEVIANT BEHAVIOR
Authors:   International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, Farfiev Bakhramdjan
Published: November 2020

As you know, deviant behavior creates a threat to the stability of any society and the peaceful life of its population, which is an axiom that does not require proof. However, the developed measures based on a secular nature do not give a full-fledged result in the fight against deviant behavior. From this point of view, in the conditions of our country, the values of Islam are important in reducing the dynamics of the spread of this phenomenon
АRCHIVTS AS A SOCIAL INSTITUTION IN THE SOCIAL MANAJEMENT: HISTORY AND TIMELINESS
Authors:   Namangan State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Muydinova Mokhira
Published: November 2020

This article examines archival activity as an institution of social management, and attempts to show the role and significance of archives in social management. The author tried to reveal the role of archives in the development of the state. The essence and functioning of archives in the society is defined
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors:   National university of Uzbekistan, Nishanbaeva Enakhon , Abdukhalilov Abdulla
Published: November 2020

Today, one of the most urgent tasks of the world community is the development of inclusive education. It should be noted that social partnership is of great importance in the development of inclusive education. Through social partnership, it is possible to establish constructive relations between various interested groups in the field of inclusive education.
The effect of job satisfaction, organizational communication, work environment, and work motivation on the church’s employee performance
Authors: Vivaldy Jonathan Charmian , Toni Nagian
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of job satisfaction, organizational communication, work environment, and work motivation on the performance of big family of Indonesian Bethel Church Medan Plaza's employees both simultaneously and partially. The primary data is obtained by distributing questionnaires to all employees of the big family of Indonesian Bethel Church Medan Plaza. Data analysis was carried out by descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, and hypothesis test by multiple linear regression method. The result concludes that job satisfaction, organizational communication, work environment, and work motivation simultaneously affect employee performance. This research is expected to enrich the study of human resource management on the factors that influence performance in religious-based organizations that have not been widely studied in Indonesia.
Perwujudan Pemilu yang Luberjurdil melalui Validitas Daftar Pemilih Tetap
Authors: Izzaty Risdiana , Nugraha Xavier
Published: November 2020

In Article 22E paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, it is explained that General Elections (Elections) are held based on the principle of “luberjudil” (direct, general, free, confidential, honest and fair). One of the manifestations of this principle is through the final voter list in the implementation of the election. This research is normative research with statute approach and conceptual approach. The issues discussed in this study are 1. Can the validity of the Permanent Voters List be seen as a manifestation of a direct, general, free, confidential, honest and fair election? 2. What are the problems that arise in determining the Permanent Voters List? 3. How is the guarantee of political rights for citizens due to problems that arise in the determination of the Permanent Voters List? Based on this research, it was found that the validity of the Permanent Voters List was part of the realization of the election system which was direct, general, free, confidential, honest and fair. This research also describes the problems in determining the Permanent Voters List and the mechanism for protecting the political rights of citizens in the event of problems in the final voter list
Cognitive Processes of High Mathematics Anxiety Student in Solving Area Conservation Problem
Authors: Nisa' Khoirun , Ekawati Rooselyna
Published: November 2020

Area conservation is a concept to modify the shape or position of a geometrical figure without changing its area. Skipping the concept of area conservation in learning area measurement causes students’ difficulties in this topic. One of students’ activity in math class is problem solving which is a cognitive process of the brain to search a solution for a given problem. Cognitive process is an activity that consist of receiving, processing, and using information. Cognitive process may affected by mathematics anxiety. Mathematics anxiety is a condition in which students experience unexplained anxiety during learning mathematics. This study is qualitative descriptive research which aimed at describing the cognitive processes of high mathematics anxiety student in solving area conservation problem. The data were collected by using mathematics anxiety test, area conservation problem test, and interview. The result showed that at the stage of receiving information, high mathematics anxiety students read the given problem and observe the given figures. At the stage of processing the information, the students devising plan by linked the received information with their knowledge, solving the problem, and evaluating the obtained solution. Student with high mathematics anxiety use the concept of area conservation to modify some figures. Moreover, high mathematics anxiety student did a simple estimation to determine the area of the given figures. At the stage of using information, student with high mathematics anxiety re-explain the given problem, the idea to solve the problem, every single steps in solving problem, and the obtained solution.
Profil Berpikir Aljabar Siswa SMP dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Kontekstual Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Matematika
Authors: Yusrina Siti Laiyinun , Masriyah Masriyah
Published: November 2020

Algebra is one of the important concepts in mathematics and began to be taught in class VII of junior high school. One way to find out students' thinking and reasoning abilities algebraically is to algebraic thinking. Algebraic thinking is a mental activity consisting of generalization, abstraction, dynamic thinking, modeling, analytic thinking, and organization. The means that can be used to explore students' algebraic thinking is problem solving. The problem used in this research is contextual mathematical problems. Algebraic thinking in each student in solving contextual mathematical problems varies based on the level of mathematical abilities. The purpose of this research is to describe the algebraic thinking’s profile of junior high school students in solving contextual mathematical problems based on mathematical abilities. This research uses a qualitative approach with methods of collecting data through tests and interviews. The subjects of this research were one student with high mathematical abilities, one student with medium mathematical abilities, and one student with low mathematical abilities. The results of this research indicate algebraic thinking of student with high mathematical abilities, consists of generalization, abstraction, dynamic thinking, modeling, analytic thinking, and organization. Algebraic thinking of student with medium mathematical abilities, consists of generalization, abstraction, dynamic thinking, modeling, analytic thinking, and organization. Algebraic thinking of student with low mathematical abilities, consists of generalization, dynamic thinking, and organization.Keywords: algebraic thinking, problem solving, contextual mathematical problems, mathematical abilities
Analysis of Student Errors in Completing PISA Content Space and Shape Problems Viewed from Vak Learning Style
Authors: Ulfah Hanifah Kirania , Fuad Yusuf
Published: November 2020

Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) study and the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is one of the principles in curriculum development in Indonesia. Judging from the results of the PISA study, the achievements obtained by Indonesian children especially in the aspects of mathematical literacy have not been satisfactory. The low achievement is inseparable from the learning process in schools, one of which students are not accustomed to solving questions with characteristics such as the PISA context. In addition, the way students absorb information also determines how learning achievements will be obtained by students. The way students learn is often referred to as a learning style. This indicates that the mathematics literacy of junior high school students in Indonesia is so weak that they still have difficulty in solving PISA questions. As a result, many mistakes were made by junior high school students when faced with PISA questions. The purpose of this study was to describe the errors of students with visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles in solving space and shape content PISA questions. Students' errors were analyzed from the adaptation of Newman's error analysis model namely comprehension, transformation, proccess skills, and encoding. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. Data collection techniques that be used are tests and interviews. The results showed that students with visual learning styles tend to make mistakes in the transformation step. Whereas students with auditory learning styles tend to make mistakes in understanding and transformation steps, and students with kinesthetic learning styles make mistakes in the steps of understanding, transformation, and process skills. This shows that students who have kinesthetic learning styles do not have a tendency in one type of error. Keywords: Error analysis, PISA, VAK Learning Style
PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMP BERDASARKAN TAHAPAN WALLAS DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI TIPE KEPRIBADIAN EKSTROVERT – INTROVERT
Authors: Fitriana Nurul , Rahaju Endah
Published: November 2020

The creative thinking process is a stage that passed through while thinking creative. The stages of creative thinking according to Wallas of preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification. Differences in creative thinking processes in solving mathematical problems also affect differences in student’s extrovert and introvert personality types. This study is purposed to describe the student’s creative thinking processes based on the stages of Wallas with extrovert and introvert personality types. This research is a qualitative descriptive which conducted in 8th grade SMP Negeri in Gresik 2018/2019. The subject of this research consist of one student with extrovert personality type and one student with introvert ersonality type. The other criteria of the subject are having an same gender, and great ability communication. The research instruments consist of personality type test, problem solving task, and interview guideline. The result showed that : 1) The creative thinking’s process of students with extrovert types, (a) In the preparation stage, student could read and understand the questions twice based on subject’s ability to explain back information using its own language. (b) In the incubation stage, student experienced a saturation point and could not find a solution. Then, student made physical movements for thinking about the solution. (c) In the illumination stage, student has found a solution to find the maximum benefit by looking at the already known comparisons of the problems. (d) In the verification stage, student has implemented its idea as specified at the illumination stage, but student did not re-examine the steps and the results. 2) The creative thinking’s process of students with introvert types, (a) In the preparation stage, student could read and understand the questions several times based on subject’s ability to explain back information using its own language. (b) In the incubation stage, student experienced a saturation point but still though the solution with playing the writing instrument. The student resolves the problem which will be seen at the illumination stage. (c) In the illumination stage, student found the main idea that lead to problem solving, namely seeking maximum profit by looking at the already known comparisons of the problems. (d) In the verification stage, student has implemented its idea as specified at the illumination stage, student also re-checked the steps and the results from the first stage. Keywords : Creative Thinking Process of Wallas, Solve Mathematical Problems, Extrovert and Introvert, Personality Type
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERBASIS PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA MATERI PYTHAGORAS KELAS VIII SMP
Authors: Istiqomah Novika Safitri
Published: November 2020

Perangkat pembelajaran merupakan kumpulan sumber belajar yang memungkinkan guru dan siswa melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran. Keberhasilan proses pembelajaran dipengaruhi oleh adanya perangkat pembelajaran. Dalam penelitian ini, perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan ialah RPP, LKS dan THB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mendeskripsikan proses dan menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika berbasis pemecahan masalah pada materi Pythagoras kelas VIII SMP. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan metode dari Plomp. Subjek penelitian ini ialah siswa kelas VIII-6 SMPN 4 Nganjuk. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari perangkat pembelajaran, lembar validasi, rubrik penilaian lembar validasi, lembar pengamatan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, rubrik penilaian pengamatan pembelajaran, lembar aktivitas siswa, dan angket respon siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan peneliti memenuhi kriteria kevalidan dengan total RPP, THB dan LKS 3.93, 3.83 dan 3.67. Kepraktisan semua perangkat pembelajaran ini termasuk dalam kategori dapat digunakan dengan sedikit revisi. Dalam keterlaksanaan pembelajaran diperoleh total 3.69 termasuk kategori sangat baik. Aktivitas siswa termasuk dalam kategori sangat aktif dengan total 98.68%. Pada penilaian keefektifan untuk semua perangkat pembelajaran ini, dilihat dari angket respon siswa termasuk dalam kategori positif dengan perolehan lebih dari 50% dari seluruh butir pernyataan yang dalam kriteria kuat dan sangat kuat. Selain itu untuk ketuntasan ketuntasan klasikal diperoleh 82.14%. Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran, Pemecahan Masalah.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATIC LEARNING MEDIA BASED ON SOCIAL MEDIA INSTAGRAM ON CIRCLE MATHEMATIC IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Sari Reshita Novita , Siswono Tatag Yuli Eko
Published: November 2020

The development of technology right now is getting more advance, such as social media which is increasingly popular with all group, especially students. Instagram is the most popular social media for students. The existence of Instagram certainly needs to be offset by it usefulness in education, it may be utilizing as a learning media. The research is aimed to develop mathematic learning media based on social media Instagram on circle mathematics used ADDIE development model and result were reviewed in terms of its validity, practically, and effectiveness. The instruments used in this research were validity sheet, material validity sheet, student test sheet, practically sheet, questionnaire, and test. The study only focused on one of eight grader class which has 21 students. Based on the research, the average value of total validity was 3,40 (media expert) and 3,30 (material expert) so that it could be categorized as very valid. This learning media proved practical based on the average value of the practically sheet was 100%. Based on the students’ score sheet, 90,48% students obtainded more than or equal to 75 (Standard Minimum Score) and the average value of student questionnaire was 3,33, so it was concluded that mathematic learning media on social media Instagram was effective. Keywords: development, learning media, Instagram, Circle
PERILAKU PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA KONTEKSTUAL DITINJAU DARI KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Adhimah Olivia Khufyatul , Ekawati Rooselyna , Fardah Dini Kinati
Published: November 2020

Problem solving behavior make further information about behavior of students to understand contextual mathematical problems and their solutions. The different behaviors shown by students to each other shows how to steps, abilities, and understanding of students in solving contextual mathematical problems. It is important for students and teachers to know the problem solving behaviors in order to improve understanding and ability to solve contextual mathematical problems. Mathematics anxiety can influence students in soling mathematical problems. Given the importance of students problem solving behavior in learning mathematics, teachers need to know students problem solving behavior in solving contextual mathematical problems based on mathematics anxiety. This study investigate problem solving behavior of students with low and high mathematical anxiety in solving contextual mathematical problems. Subjects in this study were four students of Junior High School, consists each of the two students from each mathematics anxiety group, low and high. Four students were given contextual mathematical problem solving test to investigate about problem solving behavior. Classification of students mathematics anxiety levels is determined through the mathematics anxiety questionnaire score of each student. The results of this research showed that students problem solving behavior with high mathematics anxiety were categorized in Direct Translation Approach-proficient (DTA-p) dan Direct Translation Approach-not proficient (DTA-np) category. Students behavior with low mathematics anxiety were categorized in the category of Meaning Based Approach-justification (MBA-j). The difference in problem solving behavior from two categories of mathematics anxiety is in re-reading the problem, linking concepts, deciding strategies, using context in calculations and final answer, and providing an explanation at each step of the solution. Students problem solving behavior with low mathematics anxiety was better than students problem solving behavior with high mathematics anxiety.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Game Berbasis Android Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Pada Materi Aritmatika Sosial
Authors: Mahiroh Anis , Wintarti Atik
Published: November 2020

The development of technology that get more advance, such as Android-based smartphones, often makes students prefer to play games than to study. One way to overcome is by utilizing Android-based smartphone as a learning media. This research develop an Android-based learning media on Financial Mathematic that the result reviewed in terms of validity, practically, and effectiveness. The instruments in this research were media validity sheet, material validity sheet, student questionnaire, observation sheet, and the students’ scoresheet. The trial for the learning media were conducted limited to 15 eight graders of SMP Negeri 1 Wonoayu.Based on the research, the average value of total validity was 3,59 (media expert) and 3,58 (material expert) of 4, so that it could be categorized as a valid Android-based learning media. It was practical because the percentage value of student questionnaire was 83,25% and the average value of the observation sheet was 90,67%. Based on the student’s scoresheet, 86,67% student’s score ≥76 (Standar Minimum Score) so that conclud the Android-based learning media was effective.Keywords: development, Android game, learning media, Financial Mathematic
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA SMP DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA BERDASARKAN TAHAPAN NEWMAN PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR SEGIEMPAT
Authors: Ardianzah Mochamad Andy , Wijayanti Pradnyo
Published: November 2020

Dalam mengerjakan permasalahan matematika, pasti ada yang mengalami suatu hambatan dalam proses pemecahannya yang menyebabkan terjadinya suatu kesalahan dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita berdasarkan tahapan Newman pada materi bangun datar segiempat dan penyebab mereka melakukan kesalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif dengan metode tes tulis dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian adalah 3 dari 32 siswa kelas VII-D SMP Negeri 2 Nganjuk yang dipilih berdasarkan banyaknya kesalahan yang dilakukan saat tes tulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal cerita tentang bangun datar segiempat, yaitu (1) kesalahan dalam membaca soal, (2) kesalahan dalam memahami soal, (3) kesalahan dalam mentransformasi soal, (4) kesalahan dalam keterampilan proses, dan (5) kesalahan dalam menuliskan jawaban akhir. Penyebab siswa melakukan kesalahan tersebut adalah siswa kurang teliti dalam membaca dan mengerjakan soal, belum paham materi dan belum terbiasa mengerjakan soal cerita dengan tahapan Newman. Kata kunci: analisis, kesalahan, soal cerita, tahapan newman, bangun datar segiempat.  In working on mathematical problems , there must be someone(s) who got some obstacles in the process of solving it which causes an error in the learning process. This research aims to describe students errors according to Newman’s Error Analysis in solving rectangular word problem and why they are doing that. This research used a qualitative-descriptive approach with the written test and interview method. The research subjects were 3 of 32 students from class 8­th-D Public Middle School 2 Nganjuk which is chosen based on the number of errors made during the written test. The results of this research shows that the students made some errors in solving mathematics involving rectangular word problems such as reading error, comperhension error, transformation error, process skill error and encoding error. The reason students make these mistakes are (1) students are not careful in reading and working on problems, (2) students doesn't understand the material, (3) and students are not usual to working on word problems using the Newman’s  method. Keywords: analysis, errors, word problems, Newman’s method, rectangular.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Faot Maria Margaretha , Amin Siti Maghfirotun
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine whether learning with the PMRI approach influences student learning outcomes in mathematics. This research was conducted in Class VIII SMPN 2 Gedangan Sidoarjo Odd Semester 2019/ 2020.Academic Year on material number patterns. This study is an experiment that aims to determine the effect of the PMRI approach to student learning outcomes. The design used is the control group pre-test-post-test-design. Data collection techniques include tests (pretest-posttest). Based on the calculation of the results of the experimental class and the control class each comes from a normally distributed population. The regression equation shows that the direction of the PMRI approach influences student learning outcomes. Based on calculation with SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) the value of sig < α. The α value used in the study is 0.05. The sig value obtained is 0.014. based on the guidelines for decision making, that 0.0014> 0.05, the result obtained that the PMRI approach affect student learning outcomes.Keyword : Indonesia’s realistic mathematics education, student learning outcomes.