bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the specific toxicity of an analgesic agent for wild ungulates based on meloxicam
Authors: Hunchak R. V. , Pano Y. P. , Pepko V. O. , Sachuk R. M. , Katsaraba O. A.
Published: November 2024

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the subacute toxicity of the veterinary drug Loksidev on white rats and dogs. The meloxicam-based Loxidev drug is used for diseases of the European doe animal treatment system for non-infectious diseases of the musculoskeletal system (acute aseptic myositis to reduce the symptoms of lameness and inflammation), as well as for diseases of the respiratory organs (in case of appropriate antibiotic therapy). Red deer: treatment of animals for non-infectious diseases of the musculoskeletal system (arthritis of the metatarsal joint to reduce symptoms of lameness and inflammation). When administered subcutaneously to rats, the drug Loxidev (for injections), under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment, in doses of 0.03; 0.15 and 0.3 ml/kg of body weight, does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals. The exception was the tendency to decrease the concentration of total hemoglobin and the hematocrit indicator, as well as a probable decrease (P < 0.05) in the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes by 6.5 and 7.2 %, respectively, relative to the control in the blood and an increase (P < 0.05) enzymatic activity of ALT and AST and concentration of urea in blood serum of rats, after three days of administration of the drug, at a dose of 0.30 mg/kg of body weight by 11.8; 11.0 and 10.3 %, respectively. However, after 7 days, after stopping the administration of the drug, these indicators probably did not differ from the control. Subcutaneous administration of the drug Loxidev (for injections) to dogs in doses of 0.03; 0.15 and 0.3 ml/kg of body weight for 3 days generally does not affect the clinical and biochemical parameters of the blood and does not cause hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects on the animal body, under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment. The exception was the tendency to decrease the concentration of total hemoglobin, the hematocrit index and the number of erythrocytes, as well as a probable decrease (P < 0.05) in the number of leukocytes by 6.6 %, respectively, relative to the control in the blood and an increase (P < 0.05) in enzymatic activity ALT and AST and the concentration of urea in the blood serum of dogs, after three days of administration of the drug at a dose of 0.30 mg/kg of body weight by 19.4; 19.3 and 14.5 %, respectively, but 7 days after stopping the administration of the drug, these indicators probably did not differ from the control. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the irritant effect, allergenic properties of “Loksidev”, which is mandatory material of the “Safety and residue studies” section of the dossier for this veterinary drug.
Biodiversity of microorganisms in the duodenum of broiler chickens under the influence of short-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides
Authors: Tamchuk L. M. , Masiuk D. M.
Published: November 2024

The clear understanding of the taxa composition of the intestinal bacterial community will allow beneficial manipulation of the gut flora to improve gut health and broiler productivity. However, the integrative impact of short chain fatty acids and monoglycerides (SCFA-M) on the microbiota biodiversity of the duodenum in broiler chickens has been overlooked by researchers, which underpins the relevance of our study. The study was conducted on Cobb 500 broiler chickens under industrial poultry farm conditions. The broilers in the experimental group were given the IP. Enterin C3 – C10 formulation (in a dose of 1.5 L/30 L of 1 % water) supplemented via drinking water. PCR results revealed only genetic material related to Escherichia coli in the duodenum of the broiler chickens. No evidence for colonization of Clostridium perfringens or other microorganisms from the Eimeria sp. family were found. The bacterial presence of Eimeria acervulina in the duodenum was established on 27 and 34 days of life, that is evidence of the coccidiosis progression in the poultry. In 29-day-old broilers in the control group, the extent of duodenal colonization by E. acervulina was 67 % with an intensity of 2.17×105 ± 3.21×104 g-e. The extent of colonization was the similar for both 29-th and 36-th days of life. However, the intensity of colonization was decreased to 1.41×107 ± 8.48×106 g-e.  level. The extent of colonization decreased to 33% as well as the intensity decline was equal 3.37×105 g-e. The supplementation of SCFA-M induced the extent of duodenal colonization by E. acervulina about 17% decline in 29-day-old broilers in the experimental group. However, the rate of colonization intensity was significantly higher and equal 9.6×106 ± 4.7×105 g-e. The extent of colonization was increased to 100%, while the colonization intensity growth was rise to 2.9×108 ± 1.5×107 g-e. Contrary, there was no observed the genetic material of E. acervulina in the experimental group on 45-th day of life. Obtained data evidence that C3 – C10 formulation can be applied to manipulate microbiome community. Future research prospects include developing a SCFA-M administration scheme for broiler chickens to replace or minimize the use of antibacterial drugs in poultry farming.
A CROSS-CULTURAL EXAMINATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORKS: CONTRASTING PARADIGMS IN CHINA AND THE WEST
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, Zhang Yang , Yang Yang ,   Sumy National Agrarian University, Zhang Kuan ,   Sumy State University
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study explores the unique characteristics of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
in China, contrasting them with Western CSR frameworks to provide a comprehensive understanding of China's
distinct approach to CSR. Design/methodology/approach: The research utilizes a cross-cultural examination of
CSR practices, drawing on empirical data and literature to identify key dimensions unique to Chinese CSR. It
incorporates qualitative analysis of CSR reports and stakeholder interviews to highlight the socio-cultural, economic,
and regulatory factors influencing CSR in China. Findings: The study identifies several unique dimensions of CSR
in China, including good faith, employment, social stability and progress, and patriotism. These dimensions reflect
China's cultural values, historical context, and governmental influence. Chinese CSR practices emphasize business
ethics, job creation, social harmony, and national development, differing significantly from the profit-driven and
shareholder-focused CSR models prevalent in the West. Research limitations/implications: The study's findings
are based on data from specific regions and may not be universally applicable across all of China. Further research
is needed to explore CSR practices in different types of Chinese firms and regions to validate these dimensions.
Practical implications: For multinational corporations operating in China, understanding these unique CSR
dimensions can enhance their engagement strategies, aligning their practices with local expectations and regulatory
requirements. Social implications: The study highlights the role of CSR in addressing social issues in China, such
as employment and social stability, providing insights into how corporations can contribute to societal well-being
in a rapidly developing economy. Originality/value: This research contributes to the global discourse on CSR by
elucidating the distinctive characteristics of Chinese CSR. It underscores the importance of localized approaches to
CSR, enhancing cross-cultural understanding and fostering more effective international business practices.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ОСНОВИ РОЗВИТКУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА
Authors: Добринський Андрій
Published: November 2024

У статті досліджено теоретико-методичні основи розвитку інформаційного підприємництва в умовах сучасних викликів, зокрема пов'язаних із війною в Україні та глобальними трансформаціями. Показано, що інтеграція інформаційних технологій у бізнес-моделі підприємств сприяє підвищенню конкурентоспроможності, зниженню транзакційних витрат і поліпшенню взаємодії між учасниками ринку. Розглянуто ключові методичні підходи, зокрема системний і процесний, для аналізу впливу інформаційних технологій на підприємницьку діяльність. Визначено основні бар'єри та можливості розвитку інформаційного підприємництва в умовах кризи. Особлива увага приділяється впровадженню сучасних інструментів економічного аналізу для підвищення ефективності управління підприємствами.
РОЛЬ ЗМІ В АНТИКОРУПЦІЙНІЙ ПОЛІТИЦІ ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА ЕКОНОМІЧНУ БЕЗПЕКУ
Authors: Хаванов Артем
Published: November 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню ролі засобів масової інформації (ЗМІ) в антикорупційній політиці та їх впливу на економічну безпеку держави. Корупція є значною загрозою для економічної стабільності та зростання, підриваючи довіру до державних інститутів, збільшуючи економічні ризики та знижуючи інвестиційну привабливість країни. В умовах глобалізації ЗМІ стають ключовим інструментом у боротьбі з корупцією, виступаючи посередниками між суспільством та владою, забезпечуючи прозорість та підзвітність дій державних органів. Дослідження показує, що рівень свободи преси є важливим фактором, який визначає ефективність ЗМІ у боротьбі з корупцією. У країнах із високим рівнем свободи слова та незалежності журналістів антикорупційні розслідування ЗМІ сприяють зміцненню економічної безпеки, виявляючи корупційні схеми та спонукаючи державні структури до вжиття антикорупційних заходів. Яскравим прикладом є розкриття офшорних схем у рамках публікації «Панамських документів», що призвело до глобальних змін у податковому регулюванні та зміцненні економічної стабільності низки держав. Однак у країнах з обмеженою свободою преси роль ЗМІ в антикорупційній політиці суттєво ослаблена. Державний контроль за медіа обмежує можливості для проведення журналістських розслідувань та оприлюднення корупційних схем, що веде до зміцнення корупції та ослаблення економічної безпеки. Дослідження також виявляє ризики маніпуляції ЗМІ для дискредитації політичних опонентів в авторитарних режимах, що негативно позначається на рівні суспільної довіри до медіа та знижує їхній потенціал у боротьбі з корупцією. Стаття наголошує на необхідності зміцнення незалежності ЗМІ, захисту журналістів та розвитку міжнародного співробітництва у сфері антикорупційних розслідувань. Ці заходи сприяють створенню прозорої та стабільної економічної системи, що зрештою зміцнює економічну безпеку держави. Дослідження робить висновок про те, що незалежні та вільні ЗМІ є одним із ключових факторів успішної антикорупційної політики та необхідні для забезпечення економічної безпеки на національному та міжнародному рівні.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МОТИВАЦІЇ ПЕРСОНАЛУ ЯК ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ КАДРОВОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ БІЗНЕСУ В СИСТЕМІ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Носань Наталія , Зачосова Наталія , Гапоненко Надія
Published: November 2024

Актуальність дослідження полягає у новому ракурсі погляду на можливість використання засобів мотивації задля забезпечення кадрової безпеки бізнесу у реаліях воєнного часу. Метою публікації стала конкретизація необхідності та можливостей використання мотивації персоналу як технології управління кадровою безпекою бізнесу в системі менеджменту підприємницької діяльності. У дослідженні використано монографічний метод, метод контент-аналізу цифрових інформаційних джерел та фахової наукової літератури; задіяно техніки теоретичного узагальнення та систематизації наукових результатів під час формування висновків. У результаті проведеного дослідження обґрунтовано доцільність використання мотивації персоналу як технології управління кадровою безпекою бізнесу в системі менеджменту підприємницької діяльності. Узагальнено перелік ефективних форм мотивації персоналу, у який внесено довгострокові контракти, участь у прибутках компанії, гнучкий графік роботи, збільшення відпусток і скорочення тривалості робочого часу, додаткові соціальні гарантії, (медичне страхування для працівника та членів його родини, безкоштовні медичні огляди у приватних медичних закладах), оплата відпочинку та освітніх заходів, надання ресурсів для підвищення кваліфікації, можливість працювати дистанційно, з безпечного та комфортного простору. Запропоновано техніки та практики мотивації персоналу закладати в основу брендів українських роботодавців. Підкреслено важливість і необхідність використання концепції людино центризму в управлінні персоналом і обґрунтовано думку про те, що лише визнання працівників основним і найбільш вартісним ресурсом бізнесу та підтвердження цього реальними мотиваційними механізмами, дозволить гарантувати високий рівень кадрової безпеки та ефективність функціонування бізнесу у довгостроковій перспективі. Практична цінність статті полягає у можливості використання авторських висновків під час розробки або оновлення кадрових політик українських підприємств, формуванні брендів роботодавців, створення та модернізації систем кадрової та фінансово-економічної безпеки.
МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ УСПІШНОСТІ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Романенко Владислав
Published: November 2024

Розширення доступу до світових торговельного простору, обумовлює потреби відстеження пріоритетних ринкових трендів, що містять вигідні можливості з боку отримання як прямого прибутку від продукції реалізації в торговій мережі, так і опосередкованої – у вигляді бюджетної підтримки певного типу, грантів, інвестицій, низько-відсоткових кредитних програм тощо. Зростання уваги споживачів та суспільних лідерів до зеленої економіки різнопланових масштабів та ракурсів, як важливої складової покращення стану довкілля, і однієї з основних компонентів тріади сталого розвитку, обумовлює зростання інтересу з боку топ-менеджерів, вчених, численних стейкхолдерів до стратегій екологічного маркетингу та його потенціалу, за рахунок визначення покращення як екологічних, так і економічних показників. Враховуючи популярність екологічного маркетингу, яку він здобув за останні десятиліття, слід відзначити, що в маркетинговій літературі відносно мало уваги приділено оцінці ефективності екологічного маркетингу, як в контексті побудови секторальних стратегій, так і на рівні бізнес-одиниці. Тому метою цієї статті є дослідити методологічне підґрунтя для оцінки ефективності зеленого маркетингу, і запропонувати відповідні методичні підходи. Окреслено різні підходи до економічної оцінки ефективності програм посилення зеленого маркетингу у світі, що змінюється. Наведено актуальні можливості для вимірювання та посилення своєї успішності для компаній і організацій будь-якого типу, яким потрібні практичні інструменти для управління та посилення участі за трендами зеленої економіки. Використовуючи дані з кількох джерел, автори з’ясували, що оцінку ефективності зеленого маркетингу можна обґрунтувати різними методами, критеріями та шкалами, які використовуються для оцінки зеленого маркетингу. Однак ці методи описуються десятками авторів і містять великі обсяги досліджень, що важко інтерпретувати, не розкриваючи особливості кожного із застосовних підходів. Особливістю цих досліджень є опитування, що містять багато факторів регіонального регулювання, доступу до стимулів та особистісного професіоналізму. Внесок нашого дослідження зосереджений на пропонуванні добре обґрунтованих керівних принципів для оцінки ефективності зеленого маркетингу в сучасній організації, застосовуючи сучасні інструменти СЕМ (Системи екологічного менеджменту) на стратегічному, тактичному та операційному рівнях.
Hoverflies at the edge: new southern records of two European genera of Syrphidae (Diptera)
Authors: Ballester-Torres I. , Nedeljković Z. , Ricarte A.
Published: November 2024

Records of two species of hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae), Hammerschmidtia ferruginea (Fallén, 1817) and Megasyrphus erraticus (Linnaeus, 1758), are here provided for the first time in the Iberian Peninsula, both records located at the southern edges of these genera ranges in Europe. The new data is reported following fieldwork in the Pyrenees of Huesca and Lleida provinces (Spain) and consultation of the 'Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona' entomological collection. The importance of these findings is discussed in the frame of the conservation of these species’ habitats.
Towards the Implementation of Heuristics Miner in .Net Framework
Authors: Lamghari Zineb
Published: November 2024

Process mining is an interdisciplinary field that bridges the gap between data mining and business process analysis. It revolves around the core concept of leveraging recorded event logs to automate the generation, validation, and refinement of process model. A majority of currently accessible process mining solutions are distributed in form of black box systems - software with no openly accessible source code - or as libraries for scripting languages like Python or R. In this sense, it is necessary to design and build an understandable foundation of a process mining library with the intention of presenting the possibility of incorporating process mining into many programs written in the language or aiding other programmers interested in the potential of such technologies. Therefore, this paper describes and demonstrates the usability of an advanced algorithm for process mining in the .NET platform, namely, the Heuristic miner for process modelling.
Activismo Gordo y significados corporales. Un análisis de ciberactivistas latinoamericanas y su construcción simbólica corporal
Authors: Paredes Marisa , Alemán-Andrade Andrea
Published: November 2024

Este estudio busca identificar los significados que le otorgan activistas latinoamericanas y su comunidad al Activismo Gordo. Se aplicó una metodología mixta y análisis de contenido. La emergencia del Activismo Gordo, basado en la experiencia y participación colectiva, aboga por una reflexión sobre los aspectos morales, personales, sociales y culturales del cuerpo femenino, cuestionando su realidad inmediata y convocando a su propia comunidad a participar en espacios de debate, colaboración ciudadana y reivindicación política.
Photoacoustic imaging biomarkers for monitoring biophysical changes during nanobubble-mediated radiation treatment
Authors: Hysi Eno , Fadhel Muhannad N. , Wang Yanjie , Sebastian Joseph A. , Giles Anoja , Czarnota Gregory J. , Exner Agata A. , Kolios Michael C.
Published: November 2024

The development of novel anticancer therapies warrants the parallel development of biomarkers that can quantify their effectiveness. Photoacoustic imaging has the potential to measure changes in tumor vasculature during treatment. Establishing the accuracy of imaging biomarkers requires direct comparisons with gold histological standards. In this work, we explore whether a new class of submicron, vascular disrupting, ultrasonically stimulated nanobubbles enhance radiation therapy. In vivo experiments were conducted on mice bearing prostate cancer tumors. Combined nanobubble plus radiation treatments were compared against conventional microbubbles and radiation alone (single 8 Gy fraction). Acoustic resolution photoacoustic imaging was used to monitor the effects of the treatments 2- and 24-hs post-administration. Histological examination provided metrics of tumor vascularity and tumoral cell death, both of which were compared to photoacoustic-derived biomarkers. Photoacoustic metrics of oxygen saturation reveal a 20 % decrease in oxygenation within 24 h post-treatment. The spectral slope metric could separate the response of the nanobubble treatments from the microbubble counterparts. This study shows that histopathological assessment correlated well with photoacoustic biomarkers of treatment response.
Biomedical nanobubbles and opportunities for microfluidics
Authors: Kolios Michael C. , Paknahad Ali , Kerr Liam , Wong Daniel A. , Tsai Scott. S. H.
Published: November 2024

The use of bulk nanobubbles in biomedicine is increasing in recent years, which is attributable to the array of therapeutic and diagnostic tools promised by developing bulk nanobubble technologies. From cancer drug delivery and ultrasound contrast enhancement to malaria detection and the diagnosis of acute donor tissue rejection, the potential applications of bulk nanobubbles are broad and diverse. Developing these technologies to the point of clinical use may significantly impact the quality of patient care. This review compiles and summarizes a representative collection of the current applications, fabrication techniques, and characterization methods of bulk nanobubbles in biomedicine. Current state-of-the-art generation methods are not designed to create nanobubbles of high concentration and low polydispersity, both characteristics of which are important for several bulk nanobubble applications. To date, microfluidics has not been widely considered as a tool for generating nanobubbles, even though the small-scale precision and real-time control offered by microfluidics may overcome the challenges mentioned above. We suggest possible uses of microfluidics for improving the quality of bulk nanobubble populations and propose ways of leveraging existing microfluidic technologies, such as organ-on-a-chip platforms, to expand the experimental toolbox of researchers working to develop biomedical nanobubbles.
The unique second wave phenomenon in contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging with nanobubbles
Authors: Chen Chuan , Perera Reshani , Kolios Michael C. , Wijkstra Hessel , Exner Agata A. , Mischi Massimo , Turco Simona
Published: November 2024

Investigation of nanobubble (NB) pharmacokinetics in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at the pixel level shows a unique phenomenon where the first pass of the contrast agent bolus is accompanied by a second wave. This effect has not been previously observed in CEUS with microbubbles. The objective of this study was to investigate this second-wave phenomenon and its potential clinical applications. Seven mice with a total of fourteen subcutaneously-implanted tumors were included in the experiments. After injecting a bolus of NBs, the NB-CEUS images were acquired to record the time-intensity curves (TICs) at each pixel. These TICs are fitted to a pharmacokinetic model which we designed to describe the observed second-wave phenomenon. The estimated model parameters are presented as parametric maps to visualize the characteristics of tumor lesions. Histological analysis was also conducted in one mouse to compare the molecular features of tumor tissue with the obtained parametric maps. The second-wave phenomenon is evidently shown in a series of pixel-based TICs extracted from either tumor or tissues. The value of two model parameters, the ratio of the peak intensities of the second over the first wave, and the decay rate of the wash-out process present large differences between malignant tumor and normal tissue (0.04 < Jessen-Shannon divergence < 0.08). The occurrence of a second wave is a unique phenomenon that we have observed in NB-CEUS imaging of both mouse tumor and tissue. As the characteristics of the second wave are different between tumor and tissue, this phenomenon has the potential to support the diagnosis of cancerous lesions.
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging by Nature-Inspired Ultrastable Echogenic Nanobubbles
Authors: De Leon Al , Perera Reshani , Hernandez Christopher , Cooley Michaela , Jung Oliver , Jeganathan Selva , Abenojar Eric , Fishbein Grace , Jafari Sojahrood Amin , Emerson Corey C. , Stewart Phoebe L. , Kolios Michael C. , Exner Agata A.
Published: November 2024

Advancement of ultrasound molecular imaging applications requires not only a reduction in size of the ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) but also a significant improvement in the in vivo stability of the shell-stabilized gas bubble. The transition from first generation to second generation UCAs was marked by an advancement in stability as air was replaced by a hydrophobic gas, such as perfluoropropane and sulfur hexafluoride. Further improvement can be realized by focusing on how well the UCAs shell can retain the encapsulated gas under extreme mechanical deformations. Here we report the next generation of UCAs for which we engineered the shell structure to impart much better stability under repeated prolonged oscillation due to ultrasound, and large changes in shear and turbulence as it circulates within the body. By adapting an architecture with two layers of contrasting elastic properties similar to bacterial cell envelopes, our ultrastable nanobubbles (NBs) withstand continuous in vitro exposure to ultrasound with minimal signal decay and have a significant delay on the onset of in vivo signal decay in kidney, liver, and tumor. Development of ultrastable NBs can potentially expand the role of ultrasound in molecular imaging, theranostics, and drug delivery.
On the potential application of surface plasmon- based core-shell particles to study blood functional parameters
Authors: Sathiyamoorthy K , Kolios Michael C.
Published: November 2024

We investigated the application of gold nanoshell particles as optical sensors and contrast agents to study the blood functional parameters. Gold nanoshell particles with a core size of 1 μm that exhibit two prominent plasmonic peaks at 750 and 830 nm were developed. The peaks correspond to the wavelengths typically used to study the oxygen saturation of the blood. The plasmonic properties of gold nanoshells in media with various refractive indices were studied. Glucose samples with concentrations 0, 15, and 20%w/v in water were used. The 750 and 830 nm plasmonic peaks exhibit peak wavelength shifts of 63.77 ± 49.40 nm and 31.18 ± 20.94 nm per unit refractive index change. The optical properties of blood samples mixed with gold nanoshells were also measured. The optical absorption of blood samples increased by 7% at these wavelengths in the presence of the nanoshells. The plasmonic peaks at 750 and 830 nm showed a 3.57 ± 0.56 and 1.44 ± 0.55 percentage variation in absorbance for a 1% change in hematocrit. The enhanced optical absorption at these wavelengths suggests that these particles are effective optical sensors/contrast agents for multimodal optical and photoacoustic sensing and imaging.
A spatiotemporal computational model of focused ultrasound heat-induced nano-sized drug delivery system in solid tumors
Authors: Kolios Michael C. , Moradi Kashkooli Farshad , Souri Mohammad , Tavakkoli Jahangir (Jahan)
Published: November 2024

Focused Ultrasound (FUS)-triggered nano-sized drug delivery, as a smart stimuli-responsive system for treating solid tumors, is computationally investigated to enhance localized delivery of drug and treatment efficacy. Integration of thermosensitive liposome (TSL), as a doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanocarrier, and FUS, provides a promising drug delivery system. A fully coupled partial differential system of equations, including the Helmholtz equation for FUS propagation, bio-heat transfer, interstitial fluid flow, drug transport in tissue and cellular spaces, and a pharmacodynamic model is first presented for this treatment approach. Equations are then solved by finite element methods to calculate intracellular drug concentration and treatment efficacy. The main objective of this study is to present a multi-physics and multi-scale model to simulate drug release, transport, and delivery to solid tumors, followed by an analysis of how FUS exposure time and drug release rate affect these processes. Our findings not only show the capability of model to replicate this therapeutic approach, but also confirm the benefits of this treatment with an improvement of drug aggregation in tumor and reduction of drug delivery in healthy tissue. For instance, the survival fraction of tumor cells after this treatment dropped to 62.4%, because of a large amount of delivered drugs to cancer cells. Next, a combination of three release rates (ultrafast, fast, and slow) and FUS exposure times (10, 30, and 60 min) was examined. Area under curve (AUC) results show that the combination of 30 min FUS exposure and rapid drug release leads to a practical and effective therapeutic response.
Characterization of the interaction of nanobubble ultrasound contrast agents with human blood components
Authors: Kolios Michael C. , Cooley Michaela
B. , Abenojar Eric C. , Wegierak Dana , Sen Gupta Anirban , Exner Agata A.
Published: November 2024

Nanoscale ultrasound contrast agents, or nanobubbles, are being explored in preclinical applications ranging from vascular and cardiac imaging to targeted drug delivery in cancer. These sub-micron particles are approximately 10x smaller than clinically available microbubbles. This allows them to effectively traverse compromised physiological barriers and circulate for extended periods of time. While various aspects of nanobubble behavior have been previously examined, their behavior in human whole blood has not yet been explored. Accordingly, herein we examined, for the first time, the short and long-term effects of blood components on nanobubble acoustic response. We observed differences in the kinetics of backscatter from nanobubble suspensions in whole blood compared to bubbles in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), plasma, or red blood cell solutions (RBCs). Specifically, after introducing nanobubbles to fresh human whole blood, signal enhancement, or the magnitude of nonlinear ultrasound signal, gradually increased by 22.8 ± 13.1% throughout our experiment, with peak intensity reached within 145 s. In contrast, nanobubbles in PBS had a stable signal with negligible change in intensity (-1.7 ± 3.2%) over 8 min. Under the same conditions, microbubbles made with the same lipid formulation showed a -56.8 ± 6.1% decrease in enhancement in whole blood. Subsequent confocal, fluorescent, and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed attachment of the nanobubbles to the surface of RBCs, suggesting that direct interactions, or hitchhiking, of nanobubbles on RBCs in the presence of plasma may be a possible mechanism for the observed effects. This phenomenon could be key to extending nanobubble circulation time and has broad implications in drug delivery, where RBC interaction with nanoparticles could be exploited to improve delivery efficiency.
Air-Coupled Photoacoustic Detection of Airborne Particulates
Authors: Strohm Eric M. , Sathiyamoorthy Krishnan , Bok Taehoon , Nusrat Omar , Kolios Michael C.
Published: November 2024

In this study, we present a novel method to detect airborne particulates using air-coupled photoacoustics, with a goal toward detecting viral content in respiratory droplets. The peak photoacoustic frequency emitted from micrometer-sized particulates is over 1000 MHz, but at this frequency, the signals are highly attenuated in air. Measurements were taken using a thin planar absorber and ultrasound transducers with peak sensitivity between 50 kHz and 2000 kHz and a 532 nm pulsed laser to determine the optimum detection frequency. 350 kHz to 500 kHz provided the highest amplitude signal while minimizing attenuation in air. To simulate the expulsion of respiratory droplets, an atomizer device was used to spray droplets into open air through a pulsed laser. Droplets were composed of water, water with acridine orange dye, and water with gold nanoparticles. The dye and nanoparticles were chosen due to their similarity in the UV absorption peaks when compared to RNA. Using a 260 nm laser, the average photoacoustic signal from water was the highest, and then the signal decreased with dye or nanoparticles. Increasing absorber concentrations within their respective solutions resulted in a decreasing photoacoustic signal, which is opposite to our expectations. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that depending on the droplet dimensions, water droplets focus photons to create a localized fluence elevation. Absorbers within the droplet can inhibit photon travel through the droplet, decreasing the fluence. Photoacoustic signals are created through optical absorption within the droplet, potentially amplified with the localized fluence increase through the droplet focusing effect, with a trade-off in signal amplitude depending on the absorber concentration.
Classification of the major nonlinear regimes of oscillations, oscillation properties, and mechanisms of wave energy dissipation in the nonlinear oscillations of coated and uncoated bubbles
Authors: Sojahrood Amin Jafari , Haghi Hossein , Karshafian Raffi , Kolios Michael C.
Published: November 2024

Acoustic waves are dissipated when they pass through bubbly media. Dissipation by bubbles takes place through thermal damping (Td), radiation damping (Rd), and damping due to the friction of the liquid (Ld) and friction of the coating (Cd). Knowledge of the contributions of Td, Rd, Ld, and Cd during nonlinear bubble oscillations will help in optimizing bubble and ultrasound exposure parameters for the relevant applications by maximizing a desirable outcome or oscillation pattern. In this work, we investigate the mechanisms of dissipation in bubble oscillations and their contribution to the total damping (Wtotal) in various nonlinear regimes. By using a bifurcation analysis, we have classified nonlinear dynamics of bubbles that are sonicated with their third superharmonic (SuH) and second SuH resonance frequency (fr), pressure dependent resonance frequency (PDfr), fr, subharmonic (SH) resonance (fsh = 2fr), pressure dependent SH resonance (PDfsh), and 1/3 order SH resonance, which are important exposure ranges for various applications. The corresponding Td, Rd, Ld, Cd, Wtotal, scattering to dissipation ratio, maximum wall velocity, and maximum backscattered pressure from non-destructive oscillations of bubbles were calculated and analyzed using the bifurcation diagrams. Universal ultrasound exposure parameter ranges are revealed in which a particular non-destructive bubble related phenomenon (e.g., wall velocity) is enhanced. The enhanced bubble activity is then linked to relevant ultrasound applications. This paper represents the first comprehensive analysis of the nonlinear oscillations regimes, the corresponding damping mechanisms, and the bubble related phenomena.
Research Support in Health Sciences Libraries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Visintini Sarah , Boutet Mish , Manley Alison , Helwig Melissa
Published: November 2024

Background:

As part of a health sciences library’s internal assessment of its research support services, an environmental scan and literature review were conducted to identify research services offered elsewhere in Canada. Through this process, it became clear that a more formal review of the academic literature would help libraries make informed decisions about their services. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review of research services provided in health sciences libraries contexts.

Methods:

Searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, ERIC, CINAHL, LISTA, LISS, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google for articles which described the development, implementation, or evaluation of one or more research support initiatives in a health sciences library context. We identified additional articles by searching reference lists of included studies and soliciting medical library listservs.

Results:

Our database searches retrieved 7134 records, 4026 after duplicates were removed. Title/abstract screening excluded 3751, with 333 records retained for full-text screening. Seventy-five records were included, reporting on 74 different initiatives. Included studies were published between 1990 and 2017, the majority from North American and academic library contexts. Major service areas reported were the creation of new research support positions, and support services for systematic review support, grants, data management, open access and repositories.

Conclusion:

This scoping review is the first review to our knowledge to map research support services in the health sciences library context. It identified main areas of research service support provided by health sciences libraries that can be used for benchmarking or information gathering purposes.
A Pragmalinguistic Analysis of Request External and Internal Modification Strategies: The case of Moroccan University Students of English
Authors: Latif Hicham
Published: November 2024

This study investigates how Moroccan university students of English use modification strategies to either mitigate or aggravate their requests as compared to American native speakers of English. The data were collected by means of a written discourse completion task and were analyzed quantitatively based on Faerch and Kasper’s (1989) typology of request modification categories. The analysis showed significant differences between American native speakers and Moroccan university students at the level of external and internal modification. While Americans used more mitigating supportive moves, Moroccans’ requests displayed more lexical/phrasal downgraders. However, the differences at the level of alerters, syntactic downgraders, upgraders, and aggravating supportive moves were not significant. The study concludes with some implications about the importance and relevance of modification categories in the acquisition and teaching of requests in a foreign language.
Efektivitas Penerapan Pre dan Post Conference Terhadap Asuhan Keperawatan Diruangan Interna RSUD dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Syukur Sabirin B. , Hidayat Euis Herawati , Pelealu Arifandi , Paliki Zunaldi R.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT The professionalism of nurses at work can be seen from how nurses communicate between fellow nurses. The performance of nurses greatly influences pre and post conference activities, because the implementation of pre and post conferences can be seen from the performance of the team leader and also the implementing nurse. The purpose of this researchcapable studentsdetermine the effectiveness of the application of pre and post conferences on nursing care in the internal rooms of RSUD Dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie, Gorontalo Province. The research method used was descriptive research in the form of case studies on 16 nurses who served in the internal ward of RSUD dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie, Gorontalo Province. The results of this research show that the majority of nurses in the internal room conduct pre and post conferences. Pre and post conferences are not carried out every day, such as when observing the shift from afternoon to evening, pre and post conferences are no longer carried out and only shift shifts are carried out. Keywords: Nursing Care, Conference, Post, Pre ABSTRAK Profesionalisme perawat dalam bekerja dapat dilihat dari bagaimana perawat melakukan komunikasi antar sesama perawat. Kinerja perawat sangat besar mempengaruhi kegiatan pre dan post conference, karena pelaksanaan pre dan post conference dapat dilihat dari kinerja ketua tim dan juga perawat pelaksana. Tujuan penelitian ini mahasiswa mampu mengetahui efektivitas penerapan pre dan post conference terhadap asuhan keperawatan diruangan interna RSUD Dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie Provinsi Gorontalo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif dalam bentuk studi kasus pada 16 orang perawat yang bertugas di ruangan interna RSUD dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie Provinsi Gorontalo. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan sebagian besar perawat diruang interna melakukan pre dan post conference. Pre dan post conference tidak dilakukan setiap hari, seperti pada saat observasi pergantian sift sore ke malam sudah tidak dilakukan lagi pre dan post conference dan hanya melakukan operan sift. Kata Kunci: Asuhan Keperawatan, Conference, Post, Pre
Perbandingan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Siswa dan Siswi Konsumsi Ultra-Processed Food di SMA Xaverius 1 Jambi
Authors: Putra Heri Yanto , Santoso Alexander Halim
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT According to the World Health Organization's European Regional Obesity Report 2022, obesity is a complex multifactorial condition caused by excess adiposity and is linked to an elevated risk of noncommunicable diseases. Riskesdas Jambi Province in 2018 reported that 7.8% of adolescents were overweight and 2.7% were obese. Ultra-processed food undergoing extensive processing is considered obesogenic due to its high calorie, sugar, and salt content. This study aims to determine the mean difference of body mass index (BMI) among students who ate frequent and infrequent in Xaverius 1 senior high school students in Jambi City. This study was a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 143 students. Data collection was carried out using a consecutive sampling technique and were analyzed using Mann-Whitney. In this study, there was no significant difference in mean of body mass index between students who frequently consumed UPF and those who rarely consumed UPF (p>0,05). Further researches are recommended with more precise method to see more association of risk factor toward obesity in adolescent. The difference in Mean Body Mass Index between Frequent and Infrequent Ultra Processed Food Consumption Groups was 0,68 (-0,76 – 2,12) points.  Keywords: Ultra-Processed Food, Body Mass Index, Obesity, Adolescent  ABSTRAK Menurut Laporan WHO European Regional Obesity 2022, obesitas adalah kondisi multifaktorial kompleks yang disebabkan oleh kelebihan adipositas dan terkait dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit tidak menular. Riskesdas Provinsi Jambi tahun 2018 melaporkan sebanyak 7,8% remaja gemuk (overweight) dan 2,7% remaja obesitas. Ultra-Processed Food adalah jenis makanan yang mengalami pengolahan ekstensif dan dianggap sebagai penyebab obesitas karena kandungan kalori, gula, dan garam yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata indeks massa tubuh (IMT) antara siswa yang sering dan yang jarang mengonsumsi Ultra-Processed Food pada siswa SMA Xaverius-1 Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 143 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata indeks massa tubuh yang bermakna antara siswa yang sering dan yang jarang mengonsumsi Ultra-Processed Food (p>0,05). Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan metode yang lebih tepat disarankan untuk melihat lebih jauh hubungan faktor risiko terhadap obesitas pada remaja. Kata Kunci: Ultra-Processed Food, Indeks Massa Tubuh, Obesitas, Remaja
20. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısındaki Başarısız Edebî Örgütlenmeler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Pekdemir Hakan
Published: November 2024

Çağdaş Türk edebiyatındaki sivil toplum kuruluşları yeniliklerle ve özgürlüklerle beraber çeşitlenir. Buna ek olarak batıya gönderilen aydınların öğrendiklerini uygulamaya koyması tüzel kişiliklerin gelişimini sağlar. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun son yıllarında uygulanan baskı STK’ların gelişimini önler. Engellerle karşılaşan Türk aydını fikirlerini ve planlarını harekete geçiremez. Projeleri ülke yönetimince takip ve baskı altına alınır. Tüzel kişiliklerin başarısızlıkla sonuçlanmasındaki bir diğer önemli faktör aydınların arasında yaşanan uyumsuzluklardır. Başarısızlıkla sonuçlanan bu girişimler kendinden sonra kurulacak olan başarılı kuruluşlar için birer örnek mahiyetindedir. Onlar geleceğin köklü kuruluşlarının öncüsü durumundadır. Sivil toplum kuruluşlarındaki başarısız örneklerin Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin baskı devirlerinde artığı görülür. Başarısız örnekler devrin tarihî ve siyasi yapısı hakkında bilgiler vermektedir. Bu örnekler süreli yayınların sayfalarında çeşitliliğin olmasına ve edebî ortamın kızışmasına sebebiyet verir. Bu çalışmada ilk önce çağdaş Türk edebiyatındaki sivil toplum kuruluşlarının gelişimi hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Ardından başarısız örnek olarak değerlendirilen Sahne-i Osmaniye Edebî Heyeti, Hayâlât Cemiyeti/ Dârü’l-Hayâlât Cemiyet-i Âfâkıyesi, Ahmet Haşim’i Sevenler Cemiyeti, Edebiyat Akademisi ve Genç Yazarlar Derneği üzerinde durulacaktır.
Dispersion Relation for 2D Transverse Magnetic (TM) Plasmonic Wave: Analytic Versus FEM
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada., Arslan Asim , Michael Cada ,   1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada. 2 Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15,708 00 OstravaPoruba, Czech Republic., Yuan Ma ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15,708 00 OstravaPoruba, Czech Republic.
Published: November 2024

A metal-dielectric interface has been studied in this paper in the light of wave propagation characteristics.
A new analytical result, through a simpler approach for deriving the dispersion equation in plasmonic
waveguides, has been reported and visualized. A two-dimensional Transverse Magnetic (TM) wave is
theorized and analyzed with respect to its propagation along the boundary of metal and air. Mathematical
analysis results in the relationship between the propagation parameter and wavelength of operation. The
plots reveal good conformity with the previous studies. For comparison, the propagation characteristics
in free space have also been included. To validate the proposed results of this study, Finite Element
Analysis (FEA) has been used to visualize the distribution of fields near the metal-dielectric boundary
Enhancing Twitter Sentiment Analysis Using Hybrid Transformer and Sequence Models
Authors:   Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, Bouassida Yosra , Mezali Hakim ,   Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland
Published: November 2024

Sentiment analysis on social media platforms such as Twitter is crucial for market analysis, public
opinion monitoring, and social media management. However, the complex and evolving language on
Twitter poses challenges for traditional models. Transformer models (e.g., BERT, RoBERTa) excel
in contextual understanding but struggle with sequential dependencies, while sequence models (e.g.,
BiLSTM) capture these dependencies but lack deep contextual insights. This research addresses this
gap by developing and evaluating three novel hybrid models: BERT-BiLSTM, Roberta-CNN-BiLSTM,
and DistilBERT-BiLSTM. These models combine transformer-based embeddings with sequence-based
processing to enhance sentiment classification. Using the Sentiment140 dataset, results indicate that the
proposed hybrid models improve sentiment analysis accuracy, with DistilBERT-BiLSTM achieving the
highest accuracy of 81%, compared to BERT-BiLSTM’s 79% and Roberta-CNN-BiLSTM’s 77%. These
innovative models provide a more nuanced sentiment analysis, although future research is needed to
explore real-time and multi-language datasets for further model optimization.
“de minimis non curat praetor/lex” İdari yargılama usulünde parasal sınırların nedenleri üzerinde düşünmek
Authors: Sümer Nuray
Published: November 2024

Yargılama usulünde başvurulan parasal eşikler, temel hak ve hürriyetler bağlamında tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışma parasal sınırlar meselesini, kökeninde yer alan hâkimin veya hukukun önemsiz işlerle ilgilenmemesi gerektiğini ifade eden de minimis non curat praetor/lex ilkesi açısından irdelemiştir. Bu ilkeye göre önemsiz veya daha az önemli görülen hususlar, katlanılması gereken nitelikte olduğundan veya hakkın kötüye kullanımını engellemek amacıyla yargılama müesseselerinin kapsamı dışında bırakılmaktadır. Esasında ekonomik veriye dayalı sabitlenmiş ve olgusal durumlardan bağımsız bir sınırlandırma, kökenindeki bu ilkeyi bertaraf ederek usul ekonomisi ilkesine vurgu yapmaktadır. Halbuki gerek de minimis ilkesi gerekse usul ekonomisi yargılamanın amacına hizmet etmektedir. Mikro ölçekte sınırlama öngören kuralın ilişkin olduğu yargılama müessesinin bu sınır getirilirken ileri sürülen amacı ve makro ölçekte ise idari yargının fonksiyonu dikkate alınarak bu ilkeler irdelenmelidir. Nihayetinde idari yargılama usulünde bu sınırların isabetliliği tartışmalıdır.