bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
International journalism and the emergence of transnational publics: Between cosmopolitan norms, the affirmation of identity and market forces
Authors: Hänska Max
Published: March 2018

Much has been written about transnational public spheres, though our understanding of their shape and nature remains limited. Drawing on three alternative conceptions of newswork as public communication, this article explores the role of international journalists in shaping transnational publics. Based on a series of original interviews, it asks how journalists are oriented in their newswork (e.g. are they cosmopolitan or parochial in their orientation) and how they ‘imagine’ the public. It finds that interviewees imagine a polycentric transnational public and variously frame their work as giving voice to those affected by an issue (imagining the public as a cosmopolitan community of fate), performing and reaffirming a particular kind of identity and belonging (imagining the public as a nation) or pursuing audiences wherever they may be (imagining the public as the de facto audience).
Speaker-specific processing of anomalous utterances
Authors: Brehm Laurel , Jackson Carrie N , Miller Karen L
Published: March 2018

Existing work shows that readers often interpret grammatical errors (e.g., The key to the cabinets *were shiny) and sentence-level blends (“without-blend”: Claudia left without her headphones *off) in a non-literal fashion, inferring that a more frequent or more canonical utterance was intended instead. This work examines how interlocutor identity affects the processing and interpretation of anomalous sentences. We presented anomalies in the context of “emails” attributed to various writers in a self-paced reading paradigm and used comprehension questions to probe how sentence interpretation changed based upon properties of the item and properties of the “speaker.” Experiment 1 compared standardised American English speakers to L2 English speakers; Experiment 2 compared the same standardised English speakers to speakers of a non-Standardised American English dialect. Agreement errors and without-blends both led to more non-literal responses than comparable canonical items. For agreement errors, more non-literal interpretations also occurred when sentences were attributed to speakers of Standardised American English than either non-Standardised group. These data suggest that understanding sentences relies on expectations and heuristics about which utterances are likely. These are based upon experience with language, with speaker-specific differences, and upon more general cognitive biases.
Perfusion imaging and recurrent cerebrovascular events in intracranial atherosclerotic disease or carotid occlusion
Authors: Sacchetti Daniel C , Cutting Shawna M , McTaggart Ryan A , Chang Andrew D , Hemendinger Morgan , Mac Grory Brian , Siket Matthew S , Burton Tina , Thompson Bradford , Rostanski Sara K , Prabhakaran Shyam , Willey Joshua Z , Marshall Randolph S , Elkind Mitchell SV , Khatri Pooja , Furie Karen L , Jayaraman Mahesh V , Yaghi Shadi
Published: March 2018

Background

Large vessel disease stroke subtype carries the highest risk of early recurrent stroke. In this study we aim to look at the association between impaired perfusion and early stroke recurrence in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease or total cervical carotid occlusion.

Methods

This is a retrospective study from a comprehensive stroke center where we included consecutive patients 18 years or older with intracranial atherosclerotic disease or total cervical carotid occlusion admitted with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke within 24 h from symptom onset with National Institute Health Stroke Scale < 15, between 1 December 2016 and 30 June 2017. Patients with (1) evidence of ≥ 50% stenosis of a large intracranial artery or total carotid artery occlusion, (2) symptoms referable to the territory of the affected artery, and (3) perfusion imaging data using the RAPID processing software were included. The primary predictor was unfavorable perfusion imaging defined as Tmax > 6 s mismatch volume (penumbra volume–infarct volume) of 15 ml or more. The outcome was recurrent cerebrovascular events at 90 days defined as worsening or new neurological symptoms in the absence of a nonvascular cause attributable to the decline, or new infarct or infarct extension in the territory of the affected artery. We used Cox proportional hazards models to determine the association between impaired perfusion and recurrent cerebrovascular events.

Results

Sixty-two patients met our inclusion criteria; mean age 66.4 ± 13.1 years, 64.5% male (40/62) and 50.0% (31/62) with intracranial atherosclerotic disease. When compared to patients with favorable perfusion pattern, patients with unfavorable perfusion pattern were more likely to have recurrent cerebrovascular events (55.6% (10/18) versus 9.1% (4/44), p < 0.001). This association persisted after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted hazard ratio 10.44, 95% confidence interval 2.30–47.42, p = 0.002).

Conclusion

Perfusion mismatch predicts recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with ischemic stroke due to intracranial atherosclerotic disease or total cervical carotid occlusion. Studies are needed to determine the utility of revascularization strategies in this patient population.
Acute coagulation disorder in a critically ill patient – A case report
Authors: Oberhuber Agnes , Treml Benedikt , Fries Dietmar , Lorenz Ingo H , Barbara Friesenecker , Andrea Griesmacher
Published: March 2018

A 79-year-old critically ill woman presented with remarkable prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time combined with high levels of anti-factor IIa activity 26 days after coronary artery bypass grafting. Coagulation disorder was associated with severe bleeding. Cause of coagulopathy was accidental administration of argatroban in an unknown dosage. Clearance of argatroban was significantly prolonged because of a liver function disorder related to septic multiorgan failure. Argatroban reversal was performed with prothrombin complex concentrate.
Healthcare costs and outcomes for patients undergoing tracheostomy in an Australian tertiary level referral hospital
Authors: Bihari Shailesh , Prakash Shivesh , Hakendorf Paul , Horwood Christopher MacBryde , Tarasenko Steve , Holt Andrew W , Ratcliffe Julie , Bersten Andrew D
Published: March 2018

Objective

Patients undergoing tracheostomy represent a unique cohort, as often they have prolonged hospital stay, require multi-disciplinary, resource-intensive care, and may have poor outcomes. Currently, there is a lack of data around overall healthcare cost for these patients and their outcomes in terms of morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to estimate healthcare costs and outcomes associated in tracheostomy patients at a tertiary level hospital in South Australia.

Design

Retrospective review of prospectively collected data in patients who underwent tracheostomy between July 2009 and May 2015.

Methods

Overall healthcare-associated costs, length of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit stay, and mortality rates were assessed.

Results

A total of 454 patients with tracheostomies were examined. Majority of the tracheostomies (n = 386 (85%)) were performed in intensive care unit patients, predominantly using bedside percutaneous approach (85%). The median length of hospital stay was 44 (29–63) days and the in-hospital mortality rate was 20%. Overall total cost of managing a patient with tracheostomy was median $192,184 (inter-quartile range $122560–$295553); mean 225,200 (range $5942–$1046675) Australian dollars. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the measured outcomes, including costs, between patients who underwent percutaneous versus surgical tracheostomy and patients who underwent early versus late tracheostomy in their intensive care unit stay. Factors that predicted (adjusted R2 = 0.53) the cost per patient were intensive care unit length of stay and hospital length of stay.

Conclusion

Hospitalised patients undergoing tracheostomy experience high morbidity and mortality and typically experience highly resource-intensive and costly healthcare.
Effect of postoperative pneumatic compression after volar plate fixation of distal radial fractures: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Alkner Björn A. , Halvardsson Christina , Bråkenhielm Gustaf , Eskilsson Therese , Andersson Erika , Fritzell Peter
Published: March 2018

We investigated the difference between postoperative rehabilitation with or without adjunctive intermittent pneumatic compression therapy following distal radial fracture treated with volar plating. A total of 115 patients were randomized to a control or to an experimental group. After 4 weeks of immobilization the experimental group received intermittent pneumatic compression therapy in addition to conventional postoperative rehabilitation. Primary outcome up to 1 year postoperatively was assessed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. No significant differences between groups were found. There were no clinically relevant differences regarding the secondary outcome measures swelling, strength, pain and flexibility. We conclude that postoperative intermittent pneumatic compression treatment had no major benefits. The results of the present study do not support general use of intermittent pneumatic compression initiated 4 weeks following volar plating surgery for distal radial fracture.

Level of evidence: I
Domestic violence: Safe and compassionate consultations
Authors: Dowrick Ms Anna , Sohal Alex , Kelly Moira , Griffiths Chris , Feder Gene
Published: March 2018

Up to a third of women presenting to their GP have experienced domestic violence and abuse (DVA) in either a current or past relationship. It is associated with a wide range of commonly seen medical symptoms. Clinicians sometimes lack confidence in asking about abuse, due to concerns about time, patient safety, how to respond appropriately, and limited knowledge of support services. Addressing DVA can lead to significant improvements in patient health and well-being, as well as rewarding consultations for practitioners. Drawing on research with GPs and patients, this article offers advice about delivering safe and compassionate consultations about DVA.
Rashes in pregnancy
Authors: Smith Miss Isabella
Published: March 2018

Rashes in pregnancy are common; they can be caused by physiological disturbances in hormone balance, eruption of a pre-existing skin condition, dermatological conditions specific to pregnancy, or viral illness. This article will consider the diagnosis and management of rashes specific to pregnancy and important viral rashes in pregnancy. Some skin changes seen during pregnancy are associated with maternal and foetal risks, and it is therefore important for GPs to recognise and manage these rashes appropriately.
Is the Bare Spot reliable for the bone loss measurement?
Authors: Ramos Max Rogerio Freitas , San Junior Yonder Archanjo Ching , Alves Luiz Henrique Pereira , Cruz Flavio Carvalho , Mansur Henrique
Published: March 2018

Background

To evaluate the reliability of the Bare Spot (BS) as an anatomical landmark for the intra-operative definition of bone loss in anterior shoulder instability.

Methods

The distances from the BS to the anterior (BS-A), posterior (BS-P) and inferior margins of the glenoid cavity were determined both under arthroscopic visualization and by an open approach in 20 shoulders.

Results

The BS did not coincide with the centre of the glenoid cavity of the studied shoulders because the BS-P distance was greater than the BS-A distance ( p < 0.05) and was located 40% closer to the anterior margin. The authors suggest a correction factor: BP-A × 1.25/BP-P = 1.

Conclusions

The BS is located at a mean distance of 40% of the joint diameter, relative to the anterior margin of the glenoid. This point may be used as a landmark, using a correction factor of its mostly anterior positioning. Arthroscopy was reliable for bone measurements of the shoulder joint.
Focused Futures from Finland
Authors: Tapio Petri , Heinonen Sirkka
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this article is to review the futures studies activities performed in Finland, focusing especially on Finland Futures Research Centre (FFRC). The activities include research, education as well as societal interaction and networking. The FFRC has proceeded from a small unit of three devoted persons in 1992 to one of the key futures research institutes in Europe with about fifty staff members, hundreds of research and developmental projects, and more than a thousand publications. Although acknowledging the variety of futures studies topics and approaches nourished by the researchers, we conclude that facilitating expert-based and stakeholder-based futures studies processes is the key competence of the FFRC. Hybrid methods are continuously developed, meaning combinations of more specific techniques. A proper mix of tools and approaches to gather, analyze, organize, and interpret data is always searched for. At the end of the article, we present four scenarios of the future of the FFRC jointly made by the staff.
Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among people with diabetes in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Sami H. , Bakarman Marwan A. , Alqahtani Saleh M. , Alqahtani Maha S. , Butt Nadeem Shafique , Salawati Emad M. , Alkatheri Ahmad , Malik Ahmad Azam , Saad Khaled
Published: March 2018

Background:

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the foremost cause of blindness. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of DR and its related risk factors among patients with DM in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with DM attending primary health care centers at the Ministry of Health in Jeddah. A structured, pretested, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on the sociodemographic and DM- and DR-related characteristics of the patients.

Results:

A total of 377 patients were enrolled. About 82.6% of the patients were aware that DM can affect their eyes, and they listed physicians, ophthalmologists, television, and family members as common sources of information on the topic. About 36% of the patients reported that their doctors had not advised them about it. More than half responded that they did not feel their vision to be affected by DM. More than 58% had never been diagnosed with DR. About 35% did not go to their eye checkups, even though around 59% thought that DR could lead to blindness. Of the 64% of patients whose DM was well controlled, 11% and 25% listed surgery and laser treatment, respectively, as available treatment options for DR. The following factors were found to be significant in relation to the subjects’ awareness that DM can affect their eyes: the patients’ perception of their doctors’ advice about DR; the experience of having their vision affected by DM; the knowledge that DR may lead to blindness; the practice of going to eye checkups.

Conclusions:

Despite having good awareness about DM and its effects on eyes, the patients exhibited a relative lack of awareness about DR. Considering the association of DR with DM, its increasing magnitude is a potential burden on the community and health systems.
Visual heuristics for marginal effects plots
Authors: Pepinsky Thomas B.
Published: March 2018

Common visual heuristics used to interpret marginal effects plots are susceptible to Type-1 error. This susceptibility varies as a function of (a) sample size, (b) stochastic error in the true data generating process, and (c) the relative size of the main effects of the causal variable versus the moderator. I discuss simple alternatives to these standard visual heuristics that may improve inference and do not depend on regression parameters.
Reverse Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Following Exploratory Laparotomy
Authors: Akel Tamer , Barsoum Emad , Mroue Jad , Nalluri Nikhil , Tamburino Frank , Bogin Marc
Published: March 2018

Reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an uncommon cardiomyopathy characterized by reversible regional wall motion abnormalities in the basilar segment of the left ventricle. This happens in the absence of any coronary artery pathology. Although it shares some pathogenic mechanisms with its more common variant, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, differences exist in terms of echocardiographic features, demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory features, and prognosis. Cases of postoperative reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy are less described in the literature. Herein, we report a case of reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a 44-year-old woman occurring after exploratory laparotomy.
Ten-Year Incidence of Sport and Recreation Injuries Resulting in Major Trauma or Death in Victoria, Australia, 2005-2015
Authors: Ekegren Christina L. , Beck Ben , Simpson Pamela M. , Gabbe Belinda J.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Sports injuries that result in major trauma or death are associated with significant health care burden and societal costs. An understanding of changes in injury trends, and their drivers, is needed to implement policy aimed at risk reduction and injury prevention. To date, population-level reporting has not been available regarding trends in serious sport and recreation injuries anywhere in Australia over such an extended period, nor have any studies of this length captured comprehensive, long-term data on all sports-related major trauma internationally.

Purpose:

To describe the incidence of sport and active recreation injuries resulting in major trauma or death over a 10-year period (July 2005 to June 2015) in the state of Victoria, Australia.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiological study.

Methods:

All sport and active recreation–related major trauma cases and deaths in Victoria, Australia, over a 10-year period were extracted from the population-level Victorian State Trauma Registry and the National Coroners Information System. Poisson regression analysis was used to examine trends in the incidence of sport and active recreation–related major trauma and death.

Results:

The 10-year study period entailed 2847 nonfatal major trauma cases and 614 deaths (including 96 in-hospital deaths). The highest frequencies of major trauma cases and deaths were in cycling, motor sports, and equestrian activities. The participation-adjusted major trauma and death rate was 12.2 per 100,000 participants per year over the study period. An 8% increase was noted in the rate of nonfatal major trauma (incident rate ratio [IRR], 1.08; 95% CI, 1.06-1.10; P < .001) and a 7% decrease in the death rate (IRR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90-0.97; P < .001). Significant increases were found in the rates of major trauma (including deaths) in equestrian activities, motor sports, and cycling.

Conclusion:

The death rate from sport and active recreation decreased by more than half over the course of 10 years in Victoria, while the rate of nonfatal major trauma almost doubled. This increase is largely attributable to equestrian activities, motor sports, and cycling. Study findings highlight the need to prioritize investments in the prevention of trauma in these activities.
Interethnic Contact in Integrated Churches: Mediation without Transformation of Majority-Roma Relations in Central Europe
Authors: Tomczuk Sara Jean
Published: March 2018

While intergroup contact and group position scholars have found that individuals can maintain prejudice despite associational contact and affective ties, this study finds that integrated organizations can specifically mediate ethnic relations through managing threat to the privileged majority’s group position. In Slovakia, where Roma are generally even more impoverished and interethnic relations are just as tense, group-level interethnic conflict occurs less often than in the neighboring Czech Republic. Integrated church organizations in Slovakia seem to provide opportunities for associational interethnic contact, known to contain conflict. In reality, while Slovak church leaders manage to integrate their organizations to varying extents, perceived threat to majority group position limits their ability to truly transform unequal ethnic relations. A comparison to the socially and politically similar Czech case, where neither secular and religiously affiliated organizations are able to play this role among a generally nonreligious population, demonstrates that Whites perceive both service provision and advocacy as threatening their group position. Organizations thus settle for brokering relationships between Romani communities and official institutions, not with their White neighbors. With evidence from semi-structured interviews with key respondents conducted between 2014 and 2015, I argue that Slovak churches and church-affiliated organizations racially integrate and maintain peaceful relations not through the expected routes, but through mediating structured interethnic relations. By focusing on service provision, limiting Romani participation, or internally segregating the organization, Whites can mentally maintain their superior group position despite integration. These findings have implications for all multi-ethnic societies interested both in maintaining interethnic peace and pursuing racial equity.
“My Deputies Arrest Anyone Who Breaks the Law”: Understanding How Color-blind Discourse and Reasonable Suspicion Facilitate Racist Policing
Authors: Delgado Daniel Justino
Published: March 2018

In 2010, Arizona passed Senate Bill 1070. Although the Department of Justice has since deflated some of the racist tones contained within the bill, it set into motion several similar bills in other states. The author argues that this bill represents state-level color-blind racial ideology and facilitates white supremacy at the macro (state) and meso (police institutions) levels. Analyzing the state’s guidelines for determining “reasonable suspicion” implemented by the Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office (MCSO) in 2010 and 95 press releases from the desk of MCSO’s head sheriff, Joe Arpaio, from 2011, the author shows that these discourse have enabled racial profiling, racial discrimination, and racial attacks on the Latino/a community in the Phoenix metropolitan area. The use of this color-blind discourse masks state-sanctioned white supremacy perpetrated by the MCSO. The guidelines for reasonable suspicion shape the MCSO’s justificatory narratives (press releases) after racial profiling has occurred. In light of the Department of Justice’s findings that the sheriff’s office did indeed practice racial profiling of Latinos/as, this project peels back the discursive layers on how these racist practices are justified and how color-blind racism does more than create racialized discursive environments but fundamentally shapes, constructs, and enables the state’s police departments practices of white supremacy.
Top Management Team Crisis Communication After Claims of Sexual Harassment
Authors: Bull Schaefer Rebecca A. , Crosswhite Alicia M.
Published: March 2018

Both sexual harassment and managerial crisis communication are important topics in undergraduate, graduate, and executive programs. This article describes a group role-play exercise that engages students in the process of responding to a public claim of workplace sexual harassment and requires small groups to share their reactions within a press conference. The role-play can be used in a variety of courses that cover management, group dynamics, human resources, public relations, and/or strategy. Within this article, we describe its use in an undergraduate or graduate management course, but instructions for adding complexity for an executive course are also included in the appendices. Ideally, this exercise and full debrief would take two or three class periods depending on the course focus and length of class period. Exercise objectives, description of the exercise and adaptations, and all materials needed to conduct the 50-minute exercise are included.
The Role of Stress in the Pathogenesis and Maintenance of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Adams Thomas G. , Kelmendi Benjamin , Brake C. Alex , Gruner Patricia , Badour Christal L. , Pittenger Christopher
Published: March 2018

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder often identify psychosocial stress as a factor that exacerbates their symptoms, and many trace the onset of symptoms to a stressful period of life or a discrete traumatic incident. However, the pathophysiological relationship between stress and obsessive-compulsive disorder remains poorly characterized: it is unclear whether trauma or stress is an independent cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, a triggering factor that interacts with a preexisting diathesis, or simply a nonspecific factor that can exacerbate obsessive-compulsive disorder along with other aspects of psychiatric symptomatology. Nonetheless, preclinical research has demonstrated that stress has conspicuous effects on corticostriatal and limbic circuitry. Specifically, stress can lead to neuronal atrophy in frontal cortices (particularly the medial prefrontal cortex), the dorsomedial striatum (caudate), and the hippocampus. Stress can also result in neuronal hypertrophy in the dorsolateral striatum (putamen) and amygdala. These neurobiological effects mirror reported neural abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder and may contribute to an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual behavior, an imbalance that is implicated in the pathogenesis and expression of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptomatology. The modulation of corticostriatal and limbic circuits by stress and the resultant imbalance between habit and goal-directed learning and behavior offers a framework for investigating how stress may exacerbate or trigger obsessive-compulsive disorder symptomatology.
Research-to-Resource: Programming Ensemble Literature Composed by Women
Authors: Baker Vicki , Biggers Carter
Published: March 2018

Research has indicated that a gender imbalance exists in the field of music composition. This inequitable distribution is clearly demonstrated in a state-mandated repertoire list in which women represent 3% of the wind band composers and 12% of the choral composers (all voicings). Ensemble directors are in a position to affect a change by purchasing, performing, and promoting works by female composers, thus increasing their visibility and creating a demand for women’s publications. Intentional programming of works by female composers is an important factor in equalizing the gender representation of composers on a concert program. Lists of women composers and their works are readily available online, simplifying the repertoire selection process. Ensemble directors can also play a role in inspiring future generations of female composers, which is a fundamental solution to achieving gender parity.
Transfer of Learning and Music Understanding: A Review of Literature
Authors: Forrester Sommer H.
Published: March 2018

Transfer of learning is considered to be a fundamental goal of education, yet it is often assumed or left to chance on the part of the learner. This paradox points to the renewed investment in creating purposeful learning opportunities for students and preparing teachers who are equipped to translate their knowledge, skills, and dispositions into meaningful interactions with students that promote transfer. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the development of transfer of learning over the past 40 years and consider the implications for music education practices. A theoretical overview of transfer of learning is provided, along with a summary of curricular frameworks that are centered around transfer of learning, and a review of select studies from the music education literature that pertain to transfer of learning. The final section offers recommendations for practice and future research.
Multi-Institutional, Prospective Clinical Utility Study Evaluating the Impact of the 92-Gene Assay (CancerTYPE ID) on Final Diagnosis and Treatment Planning in Patients With Metastatic Cancer With an Unknown or Unclear Diagnosis
Authors: Thomas Sachdev P. , Jacobson Lauren E. , Victorio Anthony R. , Operaña Theresa N. , Schroeder Brock E. , Schnabel Catherine A. , Braiteh Fadi
Published: March 2018

Purpose

Metastatic cancers of unknown primary or with unclear diagnoses pose diagnostic and management challenges, often leading to poor outcomes. Studies of the 92-gene assay have demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy compared with standard pathology techniques and improved survival in patients treated on the basis of assay results. The current study assessed the clinical impact of the 92-gene assay on diagnostic and treatment decisions for patients with unknown or uncertain diagnoses.

Methods

Patients in this prospective, multi-institutional, decision-impact study included those for whom the 92-gene assay was ordered as part of routine care. Participating physicians completed electronic case report forms that contained standardized, specialty-specific questionnaires. Data collection included patient and tumor characteristics and clinical history. The key study objective of clinical impact was calculated on the basis of changes in final diagnosis and treatment after testing.

Results

Data collection included 444 patients, 107 physicians (73 oncologists and 34 pathologists), and 28 sites. Molecular diagnoses from 22 different tumor types and subtypes across all cases were provided in 95.5% of patients with a reportable result (n = 397). Physicians reported that the 92-gene assay was used broadly for diagnostic dilemmas that ranged from single suspected tumor type (29%) to a differential diagnosis of two or more suspected tumor types (30%) or cancers of unknown primary (41%). Integration of 92-gene assay results led to a change in the recommended treatment in 47% of patients.

Conclusion

Findings from this clinical utility study demonstrate that the 92-gene assay led to a change in treatment decisions in every other patient case. These data additionally define the role of this assay in clinical practice and strongly support the consideration of molecular tumor typing in the diagnosis and treatment planning of patients with metastatic cancer with unknown or uncertain diagnosis.
Reordered (Sorted) Spectra. A Tool for Understanding Pattern Recognition Entropy (PRE) and Spectra in General
Authors: Chatterjee Shiladitya , Linford Matthew R
Published: March 2018

Pattern Recognition Entropy (PRE) is a summary statistic for comparing and understanding spectra. Here we introduce the concept of the ‘reordered spectrum’ in the context of PRE as an intuitive, visual representation of spectra. The shapes of reordered (sorted) spectra correlate with their PRE values and help explain them. We illustrate these concepts with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. Reordered spectra should have value beyond PRE for comparing and understanding spectra.
City-based action to reduce harmful alcohol use: review of reviews
Authors: Anderson Peter , Jané-Llopis Eva , Hasan Omer Syed Muhammad , Rehm Jürgen
Published: March 2018

Background: The World Health Organization global strategy on alcohol called for municipal policies to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Yet, there is limited evidence that documents the impact of city-level alcohol policies.

Methods: Review of reviews for all years to July 2017. Searches on OVID Medline, Healthstar, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, Social Work Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Mental Measurements Yearbook, Health and Psychosocial Instruments, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, International Political Science Abstracts, NASW Clinical Register, and Epub Ahead of Print databases. All reviews that address adults, without language or date restrictions resulting from combining the terms (“review” or “literature review” or “review literature” or “data pooling” or “comparative study” or “systematic review” or “meta-analysis” or “pooled analysis”), and “alcohol”, and “intervention” and (“municipal” or “city” or “community”).

Results: Five relevant reviews were identified. Studies in the reviews were all from high income countries and focussed on the acute consequences of drinking, usually with one target intervention, commonly bars, media, or drink-driving. No studies in the reviews reported the impact of comprehensive city-based action. One community cluster randomized controlled trial in Australia, published after the reviews, failed to find convincing evidence of an impact of community-based interventions in reducing adult harmful use of alcohol.    

Conclusions: To date, with one exception, the impact of adult-oriented comprehensive community and municipal action to reduce the harmful use of alcohol has not been studied. The one exception failed to find a convincing effect. We conclude with recommendations for closing this evidence gap.
Innovative Technologies and Personnel Management Instruments for Implementation of State Management
Authors: Чуланова Оксана , Chulanova Oksana
Published: March 2018

The article considers the principal postulates of state managerialism as a paradigm for the development of public service. In the conceptual plane of public managerialism, the article considers the basic requirements for the training of competent and efficient civil servants. The author outlines the main challenges of modernity and a new reading of state managerialism (including the transition to the knowledge economy and the target model of competencies 2025). The article presents recommendations on the use of innovative technologies and tools in the training and development of public civil servants. Special attention is paid to soft competence development technologies.
SELEÇÃO MULTICRITÉRIO DE ALTERNATIVA DE LOCALIZAÇÃO DE RESERVATÓRIOS E USINAS HIDROELÉTRICAS EM BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS CONSIDERANDO PARÂMETROS DE INDIFERENÇA E PREFERÊNCIA
Authors: Raupp Igor , Costa Fernanda Da Serra , Damázio Jorge Machado , Climaco João , Miguez Marcelo
Published: March 2018

O arranjo locacional de usinas hidroelétricas a serem construidas numa bacia hidrográfica é definido pelo seu Estudo de Inventário Hidroelétrico. Este artigo apresenta as evoluções para a inclusão da variável socioambiental nos Estudos de Inventário e propõe aperfeiçoamentos visando: (i) a explicitação de que a não exploração de todo o potencial hidrelétrico da bacia pode acarretar na necessidade de utilização de outras fontes para a geração de energia elétrica e que também impactam o meio ambiente, e (ii) a alteração do processo multicritério de tomada de decisão na seleção da melhor alternativa com o intuito de evitar a necessidade de definição de pesos para cada critério. O artigo apresenta ainda quatro casos exemplos para verificar a aplicabilidade dessas propostas. Palavras-chave: Análise Multicritério, Estudos de Inventário Hidroelétrico, Impactos Socioambientais, Hidroeletricidade.
Is ‘talking sex’ taboo in the chair?
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: March 2018

Whether viewed as an awkward conversation or simply an unnecessary one, the topic of sex in a dental setting is controversial, as Julie Bissett discovers
Knock their sock off
Authors: Ellwood Fiona
Published: March 2018

This is the year of the professional portfolio – so, how will you fair? Fiona Ellwood gives you a running start
Get them energised!
Authors: Johnson Derek
Published: March 2018

This month plays host to the annual Nutrition and Hydration Week (12-18 March), but what does the occasion mean for the dental team? Derek Johnson explains
That ‘light bulb moment’
Authors: Cowles Helen
Published: March 2018

Special care dentistry may have its challenges but the rewards are endless for dental nurse Helen Cowles
Managing bariatric patients in dentistry
Authors: Gray Sophie
Published: March 2018

A look at the considerations in practice regarding a patient's physical size, health, mobility and environmental access
The push for prevention
Authors: Pointer Rachel
Published: March 2018

How will Europe weather the storm that is oral health care? We look at a project that plans to change the status quo
Aseptic techniques in dental implantology
Authors: Male Emma
Published: March 2018

Cross infection control is crucial in surgical dental implant procedures – so what does this mean for you? Emma Male shares her experience
Celebrating achievements and making plans for the year ahead
Authors: Niemier Lisa
Published: March 2018

As the number of British Association of Cosmetic Nurses (BACN) members continues to grow, both the board and regional leaders are working hard to meet their needs. South west regional lead and board advisor Lisa Niemier shares the achievements of aesthetic nurses over the past few months, and looks at key educational and networking opportunities for the year 2018
Hidden liabilities in leases could result in high costs for your clinic
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: March 2018

Any business wanting to take on leased premises needs to invest time and money in seeking out good legal advice. Lease contracts can occasionally be riddled with clauses that are written to benefit the landlord and not the tenant, and they can be very hard to escape from without cost. Adam Bernstein covers key considerations for business owners who are or will be taking on this type of building
Profit and loss vs balance sheet thinking: what is the best way to protect your assets?
Authors: Ratcliffe Jason
Published: March 2018

Making a profit is essential for the survival of every business, but long-term success is the result of implementing robust structures and processes to protect your most valuable assets. Jason Ratcliffe explores two contrasting mindsets that can be used to develop your clinic's brand. He also proposes that building up your business assets is a better approach than simply chasing income
Upper and lower eyelid surgery
Authors: Branford Olivier
Published: March 2018

Eyelid surgery, also referred to as blepharoplasty, is used to shape or modify the appearance of the eyelids. Traditionally, it involves the removal of excess skin, muscle and fat; although several modifications have been described in recent years, with an increasingly sparing approach to the removal of fat pads, as this can cause unsightly hollowing and poor longevity of results. Upper blepharoplasty is a relatively simple operation that can be performed using local anaesthesia. Lower blepharoplasty, however, requires general anaesthesia in most cases. Olivier Branford provides an overview of what the blepharoplasty procedure involves, and discusses its safety profile and postoperative downtime
Rules for numbers
Authors: Davis John
Published: March 2018

John Davis continues his series exploring the fundamental importance of number in maths, focusing here on the operations we use when working with them.
Social media giants blasted for poor cyber-bullying response
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: March 2018

Social media companies have failed to show the ‘leadership or appetite’ to tackle cyber-bullying and safeguard mental health
The cornerstones of character: Direction
Authors: Bawden Matt
Published: March 2018

Your school's leadership of mental health, wellbeing and character must have purpose and a clear direction in order to achieve positive outcomes. Matt Bawden explains
Using online quizzes
Authors: Webb Helen
Published: March 2018

When considering effective learning strategies, Helen Webb suggests creating online, automatically marked quizzes to improve your tracking and students' learning
A focus on teaching and learning
Authors: Lau Ray
Published: March 2018

As part of the bid to pull his school out of special measures, vice-principal Ray Lau focused on developing the quality and impact of teaching and learning
QUALIDADE FÍSICA DE UM LATOSSOLO COESO CULTIVADO COM ´TANGOR MURCOTT´ COM E SEM SUBSOLAGEM
Authors: Borges Valéria Peixoto , Melo Filho José Fernandes , Brito Alexsandro Dos Santos , Rezende Joelito Oliveira , Brandão Flávia Janaína Carvalho
Published: March 2018

A presença dos horizontes coesos nos solos dos Tabuleiros Costeiros resulta em fortes restrições ao desenvolvimento do sistema radicular das plantas cítricas, cuja principal consequência está relacionada à baixa produtividade e longevidade das plantas, alternadamente submetidas a períodos de restrição ou excesso de água. Diante desses problemas, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar os efeitos da subsolagem nos atributos físicos, relacionados com a dinâmica da água e a resistência do solo à penetração nas camadas de 0 – 0,2 e 0,2 – 0,4 m, e em parâmetros de vigor de planta. Para tanto, aplicaram-se, em um Latossolo Amarelo Distrocoeso, para o cultivo de citros, dois tratamentos: T1 – Sistema de preparo convencional (aração + gradagem) e T2 – Subsolagem com três hastes na linha de plantio. Decorridos seis anos da instalação do pomar, verificou-se que a subsolagem é uma alternativa eficiente ao sistema convencional de preparo mecânico, tendo em vista que sua aplicação resultou em redução da densidade e da resistência do solo à penetração, com consequente aumento da porosidade total, da macroporosidade e da condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado. A subsolagem também proporcionou maiores valores de diâmetros do caule e copa e altura de planta.
REGIMES REPRESENTATIVOS DA MODERNIDADE
Authors: Schøllhammer Karl Erik
Published: March 2018

Trata de um estudo da relação entre texto e imagem, entre a representação visual e a literatura, como abordagem fértil para a compreensão da literatura numa sociedade cada vez mais dominada pela dinâmica da “cultura da imagem.
TRAVESSIAS DA LITERATURA contemporânea de língua portuguesa
Authors: Simões Maria de Lourdes Netto
Published: March 2018

Se, no sentido proposto, o termo ‘travessias’ pressupõe percurso e percursosugere mudança (num espaço e num tempo), as mudanças, necessariamente, ocorrem num objeto. Do objeto, pretendo aqui ocupar-me da literatura em Língua Portuguesa, no tempo contemporâneo e em seus vários espaços; fazer observações, reflexões e questionamentos sobre tendências e sinalizações dessa produção literária (alguns exemplos), visando a contribuir para a idéia em foco: ‘travessia’. A intenção é, assim, abordar, nos contextos de expressões culturais em Língua Portuguesa, rotas (os caminhos expressionais) e imagens, ligadas às questões dos seus respectivos imaginários. A pretensão é de que a idéia de ‘travessia’ se faça visando a apontar a diversidade existente nas várias literaturas dessa mesma Língua.
MODERNO E PÓS-MODERNO em diálogo na literatura portuguesa
Authors: Abelha Alves Maria Tereza
Published: March 2018

Jacinto do Prado Coelho inicia o verbete “Modernismo”, elaborado para o Dicionário de Literatura, ressaltando a novidade da concepção e teorização artísticas empreendidas pela geração de Orpheu, nomeadamente Fernando Pessoa, Mário de Sá-Carneiro e Almada-Negreiros, artistas que perseguiram uma poética intersemiótica, isto é, poética “em que a literatura surge associada às artes plásticas e por elas influenciada” (Coelho,1969, p.654), em consonância com as novas tendências européias, porém sem perder o vínculo com a raiz nacional.
UM MANIFESTO GULOSO
Authors: Dimas Antônio
Published: March 2018

O artigo discute aspectos da obra de Gilberto Freyre
OS ATROPELOS DO OLHAR: Caminha e as maravilhas de Santa Cruz
Authors: Lima Francisco Ferreira de
Published: March 2018

O artigo discute a Literatura portuguesa de viagem, destacando os olhares dos colonizadores e dos colonizados, na experiência da alteridade.
A MULHER E O MUNDO na poesia erótica de João Cabral de Melo Neto
Authors: Pereira Rubens Alves
Published: March 2018

Este artigo aborda o erotismo na poesia de João Cabral de Melo Neto, considerando a tematização da figura feminina em contextos e contrastes diversos.
MODERNISMO E DIVERSIDADE: impasses e confrontos de uma vertente regional
Authors: Seixas Cid
Published: March 2018

O artigo trata do grupo da Academia dos Rebeldes na década de 20; a aliciação, ou o engajamento com formas e fundos populares calcados no sentimento telúrico e no compromisso identitário para com os valores da cultura nacional, ou até mesmo localista; aí, a sua linha tangencial adversa à essência do modernismo de 22.
MODERNIDADE DE UM PASSADISTA :Leitura d’O Romance de Amadis, de Afonso Lopes Viera)
Authors: Coelho Muniz Márcio Ricardo
Published: March 2018

O presente texto analisa o “Romance de Amadis”, obra do escritor português Afonso Lopes Vieira, na qual o autor intenta reconstituir, numa perspectiva portuguesa, a novela de cavalaria quinhentista “Amadis de Gaula”, redigida pelo espanhol Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. O objetivo central do texto é demonstrar e discutir as marcas da modernidade literária presentes na reconstituição empreendida por Lopes Vieira.
POETAS PORTUGUESES imigrantes, refugiados ou exilado na França
Authors: Stoenesco Dominique
Published: March 2018

Nos anos 1960-70, a emigração portuguesa para a França constituiu uma verdadeira odisséia dos tempos modernos. Testemunhas diretas daquela época, os poetas portugueses residentes na França, populares ou eruditos, graças ao trabalho árduo de alguns franco-atiradores, dão um contributo imprescindível para a salvaguarda de uma memória coletiva.
AS MIGRAÇÕES DE BRÁS CUBAS ou contracenas da identidade
Authors: Pereira Elvya Ribeiro
Published: March 2018

Analisar a figura de Brás Cubas construída por Machado de Assis e seu romance homônimo, levando em consideração a figura histórica da colonização portuguesa e a figura do poema épico A confederação dos Tamoios, de Gonçalves de Magalhães, no crivo da polêmica desencadeada por Alencar. Apontar as reencenações diretas e indiretas da emblemática figura machadiana em momentos diversos da literatura e da cultura brasileira.
REVISTAS ALTERNATIVAS URBANAS: esquinas culturais
Authors: Lara Camargos Walty Ivete
Published: March 2018

Propõe-se, neste trabalho, investigar produções culturais que tenham seu processo de produção e/ou recepção ligado a espaços urbanos fronteiriços, com especial relevo para a rua como interseção entre o público e o privado, entre os diversos segmentos sociais e culturais.
Jorge Amado e outras linguagens
Authors: Novaes Claudio
Published: March 2018

A resenha trata do livro Jorge Amado – Leituras e diálogos em torno de uma obra, organizado por Rita Olivieri-Godet e Jacqueline Penjon é a reunião dos textos apresentados em colóquio realizado em Paris entre 15 e 16 de novembro de 2002.
Arte autoetnográfica
Authors: Olinto Heidrun Krieger
Published: March 2018

Resenha sobre "Autoetnografias: conceitos alternativos em construção" de Daniela Beccaccia Versiani (Rio de Janeiro: 7Letras, 2005). Este oferece uma leitura fascinante da geografia intelectual contemporânea dos campos das ciências humanas e sociais, avessos ao fechamento de suas fronteiras disciplinares.
Poesia e Cidade: A Feira de Santana de Eurico Alves
Authors: De Oliveira Reis Santana Evila
Published: March 2018

A cidade é a musa da modernidade que foi inaugurada com Charles Baudelaire. Neste trabalho procede-se à discussão da imagem urbana na poesia de Eurico Alves, fazendo primeiramente, um brevíssimo recorte da imagem urbana sob alguns pontos de vista, com o objetivo de situá-la e mostrar como este poeta, também cantor de cidades, retrata a sua musa, a cidade de Feira de Santana.
As filhas de Pandora – as mulheres, o tempo e a cultura
Authors: Alves Ivia
Published: March 2018

Resenha do livro "As filhas de Pandora", de Rosana Ribeiro Patricio, um estudo crítico que destaca as “imagens de mulher na ficção de Sonia Coutinho.”