bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the quality of coronavirus-related online information in Hausa language
Authors: Muhammad Daha Garba , Umar Ibrahim Bashir , Suleiman Muhammad Yusuf
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

To examine the quality of coronavirus related online information being posted in Hausa language.

Materials and Methods:

On 11th September, 2021, Google search engine was used to search the terms “Cutar Coronavirus” “Murar Mashako” “Cuta mai sarkafe Numfashi. Two raters rate the retrieved websites that met inclusion criteria and the data was validated by another independent researcher. Thereafter, inter rater reliability was computed using Pearson correlation in SPSS V20 at alpha level of 0.05.

Results:

A very good inter rater reliability of 0.83 was found. None of the websites belongs to an educational institution. The websites have quality information on the basic information of coronavirus such as definition, origin, mode of transmission 4.82 (0.36), but poor information on prevention and treatment effects 1.68 (0.84).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, coronavirus related online information being posted in Hausa Language are not reliable. There is need to educate online health information seekers on how to evaluate the genuineness of the information they are receiving.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INVOLUTIONARY SERIES
Authors: Графский О.А. , Данилова Е.В. , Ельцова В.Ю. , Ланец С.А. , Пономарчук Ю.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается возможность геометрического моделирования гиперболической инволюции с применением математического пакета программирования Maple, которые применяются при обучении студентов по направлениям: «Информатика и вычислительная техника», «Прикладная информатика (в дизайне)».

The article discusses the possibility of geometric modeling of a hyperbolic involution using the Maple mathematical programming package, which are used in teaching students in the following areas: “Computer Science and Engineering”, “Applied Computer Science (in design)”.
NON-REFERENCE QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF A GROUP OF RASTER IMAGES
Authors: Аль-Аскари М.А. , Афонин В.В. , Федосин С.А.
Published: March 2022

Статья знакомит с исследованиями в области цифровой обработки группы растровых изображений, некоторые из которых имеют артефакты в виде различных шумов. Исходное изображение цветовой модели RGB преобразуется к двум изображений цветовых моделей CIE XYZ и CIE L*u*v*. На основе известного алгоритма SSIM выполняется структурное сравнение созданных двух изображений с исследуемым цветовой модели RGB, вычисляется числовая метрика как среднее от метрик, полученных по алгоритму SSIM. Данная операция осуществляется для каждого изображения заданной группы. Производится сортировка изображений группы по расчетным метрикам, выявляются изображение с меньшими искажениями и изображение более низкого качества.

The article introduces research into the digital processing of a group of raster images, some of which have artifacts in the form of various noises. The original image of the RGB color model is converted to two images of the CIE XYZ and CIE L*u*v* color models. Based on the well-known SSIM algorithm, a structural comparison of the two images created with the RGB color model under study is performed, and the numerical metric is calculated as the average of the metrics obtained using the SSIM algorithm. This operation is performed for each image of a given group. The group images are sorted by the calculated metrics, the image with less distortion and the image of lower quality are detected.
Double hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(dehydroalanine) four-arm star block copolymers: synthesis and solution behavior
Authors: Mons Peter Johannes , Fribiczer Nora , Kowalczuk Kathrin , Poudel Purushottam , Seiffert Sebastian , Schacher Felix Helmut
Published: March 2022

Star-shaped block copolymers are of interest as versatile and highly functional polymeric building blocks and show interesting solution properties or self-assembly. Herein, we report the synthesis of novel, double hydrophilic four-arm star-shaped block copolymers, based on different poly(ethylene glycol) cores (PEG) and short lengths (“stickers“) of poly(dehydroalanine) (PDha). As PDha is a polyampholyte we were mainly interested in the pH-dependent behavior, which we characterize by dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), potentiometric titration, and zeta potential measurements. Our main interest was to elucidate how the presence of a short (6-7 units) or intermediate (up to 41 units) PDha segment influences the solution properties of such double hydrophilic block copolymers depending on the solution pH. As we can show, even short “stickers” show a profound influence and lead to increasing aggregation tendency at low pH values, as demonstrated by DLS and AFM experiments with aggregate sizes beyond 1 µm.
Circular Geometry in Molecular Stream Separation to Facilitate Non-Orthogonal Field-to-Flow Orientation
Authors: Kochmann Sven , Ivanov Nikita A. , Le Blanc J.C. Yves , Gorin Boris I. , Krylov Sergey N.
Published: March 2022

Molecular stream separation (MSS) is a promising complement for continuous-flow synthesis. MSS is driven by forces exerted on molecules by a field applied at an angle to the stream-carrying flow. MSS has only been performed with a 90 field-to-flow angle because of a rectangular geometry of canonic MSS; the second-order rotational symmetry of a rectangle prevents any other angle. Here, we propose a non-canonic circular geometry for MSS, which allows changing the field-to-flow angle. We conducted in silico and experimental studies of circular geometry for continuous-flow electrophoresis (CFE, an MSS method). Counterintuitively, circular CFE was found to support better flow and electric-field uniformity than rectangular CFE. We proved that the nonorthogonal field-to-flow orientation can result in a higher stream resolution than the orthogonal one. We foresee that circular CFE will serve as a new testbed for the investigation and creation of new CFE modalities.
Surface Modified Nano-Electrospray Needles Improve Sensitivity for Native Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kostelic Marius , Hsieh Chih-Chieh , Zak Ciara , Ryan Jack , Baker Erin , Aspinwall Craig , Marty Michael
Published: March 2022

Native mass spectrometry (MS) and charge detection-mass spectrometry (CD-MS) have become versatile tools for characterizing a wide range of proteins and macromolecular complexes. Both commonly use nano-electrospray ionization (nESI) from pulled borosilicate needles, but some analytes are known to nonspecifically adsorb to the glass, which may lower sensitivity and limit the quality of the data. To improve the sensitivity of native MS and CD-MS, we modified the surface of nESI needles with inert surface modifiers, including polyethylene-glycol. We found that the surface modification improved the signal intensity for native MS of proteins and for CD-MS of adeno-associated viral capsids. These surface modified needles provide a simple and inexpensive method for improving the sensitivity of challenging analytes.
Chemical Proteomics Reveals Antibiotic Targets of Oxadiazolones in MRSA
Authors: Bakker Alexander , Kotsogianni Ioli , Mirenda Liza , Straub Verena , Florea Bogdan , van den Berg Richard , Janssen Antonius , Martin Nathaniel , van der Stelt Mario
Published: March 2022

Phenotypic screening is a powerful approach to identify novel antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, but elucidation of the targets responsible for antimicrobial activity is often challenging in the case of compounds with a polypharmacological mode-of-action. Here, we show that activity-based protein profiling maps the target interaction landscape of a series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-3-ones, identified in a phenotypic screen to have high antibacterial potency against multidrug resistant S. aureus. In situ competitive and comparative chemical proteomics with a tailor-made activity-based probe, in combination with transposon and resistance studies, revealed several cysteine and serine hydrolases as relevant targets. Our data showcase oxadiazolones as novel antibacterial chemotype with a polypharmacological mode-of-action, in which FabH, FphC and AdhE play a central role.
Strain Release [2p+2s]-Cycloadditions for the Synthesis of [2.1.1]-Bicyclohexanes Initiated by Energy Transfer
Authors: Guo Renyu , Chang Yu-Che , Herter Loic , Salome Christophe , Braley Sarah , Fessard Thomas , Brown Michael
Published: March 2022

Saturated bicycles are becoming ever more important in the design and development of new pharmaceuticals. In this manuscript, a new strategy for the synthesis of [2.1.1]-bicyclohexanes is described. These bicycles are significant as they have defined exit vectors, yet many substitution patterns are underexplored as building blocks. The process involves sensitization of a [1.1.0]-bicyclobutane followed by cycloaddition with an alkene. The scope and mechanistic details of the methods are discussed.
Deep Learning Models for the Estimation of Free Energy of Permeation of Small Molecules across Lipid Membranes
Authors: Dutta Prantar , Jain Deepak , Gupta Rakesh , Rai Beena
Published: March 2022

Calculating the free energy of drug permeation across membranes carries great importance in pharmaceutical and related applications. Traditional methods, including experiments and molecular simulations, are expensive and time-consuming, and existing statistical methods suffer from low accuracy. In this work, we propose a hybrid approach that combines molecular dynamics simulations and deep learning techniques to predict the free energy of permeation of small drug-like molecules across lipid membranes with high accuracy and at a fraction of the computational cost of advanced sampling methods like umbrella sampling. We have performed several molecular dynamics simulations of molecules in water and lipid bilayers to obtain multidimensional time-series data of features. Deep learning architectures based on Long Short-Term Memory networks, attention mechanisms, and dense layers are built to estimate free energy from the time series data. The prediction errors for the test set and an external validation set are much lower than that of existing data-driven approaches, with R2 of the best model around 0.99 and 0.82 for the two cases. Our approach reduces the time required for free energy calculations by an order of magnitude. This work presents an attractive option for high-throughput virtual screening of molecules based on their membrane permeabilities, demonstrates the applicability of language processing techniques in biochemical problems, and suggests a novel way of integrating physics with statistical learning to great success
Can Organic Chemistry Literature Enable Machine Learning Yield Prediction ?
Authors: Schleinitz Jules , Langevin Maxime , Smail Yanis , Wehnert Benjamin , Grimaud Laurence , Vuilleumier Rodolphe
Published: March 2022

Synthetic yield prediction using machine learning is intensively studied. While previous work focused on an ideal use case, High-Throughput Experiment datasets, predicting yields using literature data remains elusive. We built a large literature- based dataset of more than a thousand reactions, focusing on the activation of carbon-oxygen bonds of phenol derivatives under nickel catalysis. Detailed reaction conditions and associated yields were manually curated and stored in an open- access database. We assessed the performances of state-of-the-art machine learning models on this dataset, and explored their ability to realize predictions on novel publications, coupling partners and substrates. Our work shows that on well- designed yield prediction tasks, machine learning can have practical applications, and provides a unique public database for further improvements of these methods adapted to literature chemical data.
The missing intermediate in the catalytic cycle of [FeFe]-hydrogenases: Diiron site reduced state featuring a bridging CO ligand observed at room temperature
Authors: Senger Moritz , Redman Holly , Lorenzi Marco , Berggren Gustav
Published: March 2022

The metalloenzymes hydrogenases are natures redox catalyst for molecular hydrogen (H2) uptake and production. In [FeFe]-hydrogenases catalysis is facilitated at a unique diiron site. The two iron ions are connected by an azadithiolate bridging ligand (−SCH2NHCH2S−, ADT) and coordinated by a CO and CN− ligand each. Upon reduction of this diiron site the ligand arrangement of a third CO ligand is heavily debated. Two main geometries that differ by the origin of a bridging ligand in between the iron ions and the occupation of a free binding site are discussed. In a first scenario a hydride is bound in the bridging position and the third CO ligand occupies the open coordination site resulting in a geometry not favourable for catalysis. Experimental data indicative of the latter case has been collected at room temperature. In a second scenario the third CO ligand occupies a position in between the two iron ions resulting in a free coordination site favoured for H2 catalysis. Here up to date, experimental data indicative of this geometry, in particular the infrared band of the bridging CO (µCO) ligand, has only been observed at cryogenic temperatures questioning its catalytic relevance. In this study, we characterise the diiron site reduced intermediate that features the µCO geometry and preserves the open coordination site via FTIR spectroscopy at room temperature. The observation of this proposed diiron site reduced reaction intermediate with µCO geometry at room temperature makes its involvement in H2 catalysis more likely.
Influence of Indian snake (Naja naja) venom on cognition and biochemical functions in N- Nitrosodiethylamine treated Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Leela Sudarsanan Amulya  , Perumal Subramanian
Published: March 2022

The flies (Drosophila melanogaster) were segregated into four groups. 1st Group is normal-control, 2nd group is wild type flies administered with 0.01% NDEA, 3rd group is wild type flies administered with 0.01% NDEA + 0.01% Naja naja snake venom (NNV) and 4th group is flies administered with 0.01% NNV alone were administered via food medium for 21 days. After the experimental period, the behavioural changes were analyzed. The behavioural assays include negative geotaxis, phototaxis, smell chemotaxis, taste chemotaxis, thermotaxis, and hygrotaxis were carried out in all groups of flies. The behavioural changes were found to be deteriorated in NDEA administered flies when related to the control but the behaviour is likely to regularise in NDEA+NNV administered flies. The protein carbonyl levels and levels of thiobarbuturic acid reactive substance (TBARS), protein thiol and lipid peroxides were noticeably elevated in NDEA administered flies as matched to control flies and similarly be likely to regularize in the NDEA+NNV group. Likewise, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were diminished in the group of NDEA administered and were noticeably more in the group of NDEA+NNV administered group. NNV has been stated to possess pharmacologically active components such as disintegrins, cobratoxin, hannalgesin, cytotoxin II, etc. which could possess antioxidant, antibacterial, hypotensive, cancer suppressive, anticoagulant, and analgesic activities. Our present study provides evidences that these components could normalize cognitive behaviour and attenuate oxidative stress in a genetically important model organism D. melanogaster.
The Concept of “Water” (Ob) in the Sufi World View of Late Medieval Transoxiana Sufism
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Ismoilov L. E. , Yuzmukhametov R. T. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
Published: March 2022

The article reveals the Sufi meaning of the word “water” used in the Lives of Muslim Saints, or manakibs that appeared in Transoxiana in the 16th century. Water is widely used in the ritual practice of Sufis. Water is also important in spiritual searches, both as a purifying substance and as a source of life energy. The role of holy sources is exceptionally great in Sufism, people come to these holy places to purify themselves spiritually and worship holy images, both Sufis and ordinary people come there. The concept of “water” and its specific reflection in the manakibs indicates its importance in Sufism. In addition, typologically common features are found in people's attitude to water and to the sanctification of water in almost all world religions and cultures.
The Confrontation Interpretation of “Soft Power”: the Transformation of the American Concept in Russia
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Schmidt S. F.
Published: March 2022

The article provides a general overview of the “soft power” theory and the features of its perception in Russia. The author analyses the fluctuations between the communicative and confrontation interpretations of the “soft power” concept in Russian foreign policy as well as the circumstances that influenced the shift towards the confrontation interpretation. The author assumes that the drift of the American concept of “soft power” towards “sharp power” in Russia is determined by the fundamental difference between American and Russian foreign policies as universalist and opposed to universalism. In the conclusion, the urgent problems of shaping and promoting the “soft power” of Russia are outlined.
Online Petitions and Electronic Applications as a Form of E-Democracy in Russia: Challenges and Prospects
Authors:   Baikal State University, Shirokov I. S.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is to provide empirical arguments for the problems in the field of online petitions in Russia. The author carried out the analysis of possibilities of online platforms operating in Russia to present online petitions. Methods for improving the work of online platforms as an instrument of e-democracy and a factor of developing the potential of civil society have been proposed. The role of an electronic government in a qualitative increase of citizens’ engagement in public and political life has been noted.
The Determinants of the Emergence and Development of the Bulgarian National Geopolitical Conscience
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Kovalevskiy A. A.
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes cultural and historical determinants of the formation of the Bulgarian national geopolitical conscience; these include Turkish, Russian and Macedonian complexes, with the European one to have recently been added. The author argues that external perception of Bulgaria has had a significant impact on the development of the Bulgarian national geopolitical conscience, notably if to take into consideration involvement of intellectual elites and general public of major foreign powers into the Bulgarian national liberation movement. In this respect, attention has been drawn to foreign ethnographic maps, which in the view of Bulgarians are an important argument for providing a rationale for the national geopolitical ideal of “Great Bulgaria”.
The Ideological Component of the Capitalist Order: Neo-Marxist Hypothesizing in the Theory of Complexity
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Mikhailouvki V. S.
Published: March 2022

The political theory of neo-Marxist theory of complexity is a new original direction in the development of the neo-Marxist research program. In the view of the theory of complexity, the article considers the scientific issue of the “vicious circle” of the neo-Marxist approach to ideology. Neo-Marxists agreed that a capitalist ideology permeates entire social space and thereby keeps its sustainable reproduction in favor of a ruling class. There was no consensus, however, about the essence (content) of a capitalist ideology. The article aims at a scientific search for the main ideology of capitalism outside the context of the total ideological nature of the capitalist order. The synergetic deconstruction of the neo-Marxist theory of ideology assumed the replacement of a meaningful invariant with its antipode: the principle of system stability with the principle of system instability. Based on the synergetic approach, capitalism is stable due to unstable development, but only within the framework of the attractor of functioning. The theory has revealed that the ideology of “life improvement” is an attractor of the capitalist system. The concept of “capitalist ideological minimalism” has been proposed in the following formulation. The ideology of “life improvement” is at the heart of the functioning of modern capitalism as a historically continuing order for those dissatisfied with capitalism, its practical implementation is vital for the stability of a capitalist system, since the closest, and therefore the most likely option for resolving discontent with capitalism is a state of “being contented with it”.
On dimensions of invariant tensor fields on mwh spaces with subgroup of type sl(2) ⊗ so(2n), n > 3
Authors: Ruslan Surmanidze
Published: March 2022

We consider invariant tensors fields on the Manturov–Wolf homogeneous spaces and calculate the dimensions of spaces of tensor fields valency 2, 3 and 4.
Kesiapan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Dalam Penerapan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Untuk Menunjang Kinerja
Authors: Anisah Nur , Pujiati Lilik
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan UMKM dalam penerapan Laporan Keuangan UMKM di Jombang dan kendala-kendala yang dihadapi serta perannya dalam menunjang kinerja UMKM. Metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui teknik wawancara serta pengamatan langsung terhadap obyek penelitian pada 16 UMKM Unggulan di Jombang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketidaksiapan pelaku UMKM dalam menerapkan laporan keuangan yang sesuai dengan SAK EMKM. Kendala yang dialami oleh pelaku UMKM dalam pencatatan akuntansi dan pembuatan laporan keuangan adalah tidak memiliki sumberdaya khusus yang menangani pencatatan akuntansi dan laporan keuangan, sedangkan pengelolaan usahanya dilakukan oleh pemilik yang tidak memahami tentang akuntansi dan laporan keuangan. Sebagian diantara pelaku UMKM juga menganggap bahwa laporan keuangan tidak terlalu dibutuhkan karena dana yang dikelola adalah dana pribadi yang tidak dipertanggungjawabkan pada pihak lain. Beberapa pelaku UMKM mengakui bahwa sebenarnya pencatatan akuntansi maupun laporan keuangan bermanfaat untuk menunjang kinerja usahanya, namun karena kendala yang ada, mereka belum siap menerapkan SAK E
Persepsi Pelaku UMKM Dalam Menyusun Laporan Keuangan
Authors: Risal Risal , Febriati Febriati , Wulandari Renny
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul Persepsi Pelaku UMKM dalam Menyusun Laporan Keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi pelaku UMKM dalam menyusun laporan keuangan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para pelaku UMKM yang ada di provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer berupa kuisioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan metode simple random sampling dan akan diuji menggunakan regresi berganda. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah tingkat pendidikan, skala usaha, pelatihan akuntansi, pemahaman akuntansi dan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, serta persepsi pelaku UMKM sebagai variabel dependennya. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa dari kelima variabel independen yang diuji, hanya variabel pemahaman akuntansi yang memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap persepsi pelaku UMKM dalam menyusun laporan keuangan.
Anthropometric profile and its correlation to insulin resistance in female
students with obesity
Authors: Dieny F.F. , Fitranti D.Y. , Jauharany F.F. , Tsani A.F.A. , Faradila U. , Rose S.
Published: March 2022

The prevalence of obesity in adolescent girls is increasing each year. Several
anthropometric measurements can be used to detect the incidence of insulin resistance.
This study was aimed to observe the correlation of anthropometric profiles with insulin
resistance in adolescent girls with obesity. This was an observational study with a total of
120 female students of Universitas Diponegoro (Undip), aged between 18 and 21 years
old, who have waist circumference >80 cm. They were chosen by a simple random
sampling technique. Anthropometric profile data taken has consisted of waist
circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip circumference ratio (WHR), waist-to-height
ratio (WHtR), neck circumference, waist circumference, thigh circumference, and 2D:4D
digit ratio. Insulin resistance data was determined using the Homeostasis Model
Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR.). Bivariate analysis was completed with the
Spearman rank test. There was 83.3% of subjects who experienced insulin resistance.
High WHtR was found in 98.3% of total subjects as many as 90.8% of subjects were at
risk based on WHR values. Based on 2D:4D ratio digits, neck circumference, wrist
circumference <50% of subjects were found as at risk. There was no correlation between
waist circumference, WHR, wrist circumference, 2D:4D digit ratio with HOMA-IR
(p>0.05). However, there was a positive correlation between WHtR, neck circumference,
and thigh circumference with HOMA-IR (p<0.05). Anthropometric profiles such as
WHtR, neck circumference, and thigh circumference were correlated with insulin
resistance in female adolescents with obesity.
Evaluation of Contemporary Management Approaches in Hotel Businesses: A Qualitative Application in Four and Five Star Hotels
Authors: İnce F. Feyza , Öztürk Büşra , Kumkale İpek , Tüt Kübra , Karaca Oktay , Sağlam Şule Betül
Published: March 2022

Intense competitive environment makes it mandatory for hotel businesses to apply modern management approaches. In this direction, the aim of the study is to determine at what level contemporary management approaches are applied in four and five-star hotel businesses. The phenomenology model, one of the qualitative research models, was used in the research. The working group consists of 10 hotel businesses with four and five stars located in Ankara, İstanbul, Muğla and Antalya. A total of 61 questions were asked to the study group. Interviews were held with the managers of the hotel businesses. The data were obtained by content analysis and the findings were presented comparatively in the form of a table. As a result of the study, it has been determined that while the majority of the hotels apply most of the modern management approaches at the high level, there are also the hotel businesses that apply them at the middle and lower level. It can be interprated that this situation is caused by the fact that they are not an international chain hotel business and they do not have sufficient knowledge about contemporary management approaches. As a result of the study, suggestions were made about every contemporary management approach to hotel businesses.
Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları / Türkiye Finansal Raporlama Standartları ((TMS/TFRS) ile Büyük ve Orta Boy İşletmeler için Finansal Raporlama Standardının (BOBİ FRS) Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Cengiz Hülya
Published: March 2022

Uluslararası muhasebe standartları ihtiyaca uygun ve güvenilir raporlama yapılması amacıyla oluşturulmuştur. Türkiye’de uluslararası muhasebe standartları ile uyumlu standartları, Kamu Gözetimi, Muhasebe ve Denetim Standartları Kurumu yayımlamaktadır. Bu standartlar işletme büyüklüklerine ve faaliyet alanlarına göre çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, Kurum’un yayımladığı / yayımlayacağı standartlar açıklanmış, Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları / Türkiye Finansal Raporlama Standartları (TMS/TFRS) ile Büyük ve Orta Boy İşletmeler için Finansal Raporlama Standardı (BOBİ FRS) arasındaki temel farklılıklar standart – bölüm bazında karşılaştırılmıştır. Her iki standart karşılaştırıldığında BOBİ FRS daha sadeleştirilmiş, uygulama kolaylığı getirilmiş; özel durumlar gereken konularda ise tam set standartlara atıf yapılmış standarttır.
The Effect of Acute Intermittent Fasting on Blood Pressure, Inflammation Markers and Metabolic Parameters
Authors:   L T Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. 2 а, Lyubovi Maloy Ave., Kharkiv 61039, Ukraine, Matiashova L. M.
Published: March 2022

Obesity is increasingly common in post-industrial societies and poses a threat to public health. The main reason for the accumulation of excess adipose tissue is a violation of human energy balance. Modification of eating behavior is the basis for prevention and treatment of obesity and overweight. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of acute fasting, over 16 hours in overweight and obese young and middle-aged people, on the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin 1-beta, blood lipids, fasting glucose, daily blood pressure and tolerability. Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted involving 21 overweight and obese patients with a median age of 51 (28 ÷ 61) years. All hypertensive patients received stable antihypertensive therapy for three months and had office blood pressure targets at enrollment. A daily blood pressure study was performed in all patients using Heaco ABPM50. The test of rational nutrition with the calculation of daily calories was conducted using the program TRP-D02 Ukraine. All patients were tested for fasting glucose, blood lipids, creatinine, and C-reactive protein. All studies were conducted at the beginning and after intermittent fasting. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS IBM 19.0. Results and discussion. The level of inflammation markers was assessed in all study participants, the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein decreased from 10.591±8.679 mg/l to 4.861±3.239 mg/l (p >0.05), and the initial level of interleukin-1 beta was 2.704±0.671 pg/ml, which did not change significantly after intermittent fasting – 2.607±0.698 pg/ml (p <0.05). Study participants were divided into two groups, the older age group with body mass index of 32.6±5.0 kg/m2 and the young age group with body mass index of 23.9±2.8 kg/m2 (p <0.01). It was found that after intermittent fasting, the level of triglycerides decreased from 1.8±0.8 to 1.5±0.3 (p = 0.05) mmol/l in the older age group. It was found that during fasting daytime systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased, and night systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased (p >0.05) in two groups. A balanced diet is a basis for preventing and treating obesity and overweight. A low-calorie diet is often recommended, but not all patients can follow this regimen. A new and alternative method is intermittent fasting with greater adherence in patients. However, there is insufficient data in the world literature on the effects of intermittent fasting, especially acute fasting, on inflammation, blood pressure and tolerability of the fasting period in different age groups. Conclusion. Acute intermittent fasting leads to changes in blood pressure, does not cause hypotension and is well tolerated by overweight and obese patients in the older age group
Features of Brain Bioelectric Activity Disturbance in Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors:   Kharkiv National Medical University. Educational and Scientific Medical Center University Clinic. 4, Tekstylna Str., Kharkiv 61000, Ukraine, Rafalska N. S. , Tovazhnyanska O. L. ,   Kharkiv National Medical University. 4, Nauky Avenue, Kharkiv 61022, Ukraine
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the bioelectrical activity of the brain and the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. Materials and methods. We examined 99 patients with hepatic encephalopathy due to chronic hepatitis (51 patients, including 26 men and 25 women) and liver cirrhosis (48 patients, including 32 men and 16 women). The age of patients is 51.2±9.5 years. According to outpatient cards, all patients were examined in the gastroenterology departments of clinics in Kharkiv, where chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis and their etiology, if necessary, were diagnosed based on clinical-laboratory and instrumental examination. The term of chronic hepatitis from diagnosis was 8.1±3.9 years, liver cirrhosis – 2.1±0.5 years. The bioelectrical activity of the brain was recorded on a 12-channel computer electroencephalographic complex DX-NT32 in a state of restful wakefulness and under functional loads. Results. The increase in the severity of hepatic encephalopathy was accompanied by a decrease in the frequency and percentage contribution of alpha rhythm in combination with an increase in the percentage contribution to slow wave activity. The presence of a number of pathological changes that were detected on the electroencephalogram in the studied group of patients with hepatic encephalopathy is also noteworthy. Thus, in patients with stage II hepatic encephalopathy, bilateral synchronous acute "three-phase waves" were registered, mainly in the front-temporal leads. To determine the relationship between impaired bioelectrical activity of the brain and impaired liver function, a correlation was made between the indicators of electroencephalogram and the content of ammonia in the blood in groups of patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship between the content of ammonia in the blood and the frequency of the alpha rhythm (r = -0.58; r = -0.69; p <0.05), a direct relationship between the content of ammonia and the percentage contribution of slow wave activity (r = + 0.61; r = + 0.63, p <0.05) in groups of patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, respectively. The data obtained support the link between impaired brain bioelectrical activity and liver dysfunction due to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Conclusion. Thus, electroencephalogram in a comprehensive examination of patients with chronic liver disease can track the dynamics of the clinical course of hepatic encephalopathy, and the changes on the electroencephalogram can serve as an additional marker of the severity of hepatic encephalopathy, which is especially important in detecting hepatic encephalopathy in the latent stage
Somatic and Reproductive Health in Obese Adolescents
Authors:   Azerbaijan Medical University. 14, Anvar Gasimzada Str., Baku AZ1022, Azerbaijan Republic, Khalilova G. M.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the work was to study the somatic and gynecological history of obese adolescent girls. Materials and methods. Over the past 5 years, information has appeared about a change in the morbidity structure towards an increase in endocrine disorders, which significantly affect the development of gynecological pathology. We examined 120 adolescent girls aged 13 to 17 years. The main group included 100 obese girls; the control group included 20 non-obese girls. The formation of menstrual function in girls aged 13-17 years old was assessed on the basis of the following data: age of menarche, duration of the menstrual cycle, number of days of menstruation, intensity of blood loss, presence of pain syndrome. Height was measured on a vertical stadiometer (verified and approved for work). Determination of body weight was carried out using medical scales of any modification with a measurement range corresponding to the age characteristics of the patient. To assess the severity of obesity, all patients were determined by the body mass index according to Brey (1978) by the formula. Results and discussion. Somatic diseases were revealed in a significant amount in the subjects of the main group. An important factor should be noted both for girls of the main and control groups – the presence of 3-4 diseases is characteristic. Obese girls are characterized by a high incidence of gynecological diseases, especially inflammatory ones. Uterine hypoplasia was observed in 12 (12%) girls of the main group, polycystic ovary syndrome – in 16 (16%). The Ferriman-Gallwey index in adolescents in the main group was 9 (6.0 - 10.0), in the examined control group – 6 (5.0 - 7.0). The number of adolescent girls with increased body hair growth (Ferriman-Gallwey index above 8) in the main group was 77 (77%), which is significantly higher than in the control 2 (10%). 24 patients of the main group had a regular menstrual cycle from the moment of formation, in other cases violations were observed: irregularity – 43 (43%), painful menstruation – 61 (61%). The duration of the menstrual cycle was within the normal range in 18 (18%) adolescent girls in the main group and in 65% in the control group. The average cycle duration was 28±2.4 days and 28±1.3 days, respectively, for the groups. Conclusion. Our study showed a high incidence of somatic and reproductive diseases against the background of obesity in adolescents aged 13-17 years. As a result of analyzes of own research, a link was revealed between obesity and menstrual irregularities. We believe that the correction of body weight will lead to the normalization of the menstrual cycle, even without the use of additional therapy
Characteristics of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Self-Etching Self-Adhesive Cements for Indirect Restorations in a Comparative Aspect
Authors:   Bukovinian State Medical University. 2, Theatralna Sq., Chernivtsi 58002, Ukraine, Belikov O. I. , Sorokhan N. N.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study was to carry out a comparative analysis of self-etching self-adhesive double-fixation cements for indirect restorations in terms of physical and mechanical properties. Materials and methods. For comparison, in terms of physical and mechanical parameters, a self-etching self-adhesive composite cement for indirect restorations "Maxcem Elite", Kerr, California, USA was taken. "Maxcem Elite" refers to self-etching self-adhesive composite cements of double fixation, which has a number of positive qualities, such as high physical and mechanical properties, good aesthetic properties, radiopacity. We analyzed the following physical and mechanical parameters: the appearance of the paste, depth of hardening, mm, diametric strength, MPa, conical yield point according to Heppler, MPa, hardness according to Heppler, MPa, water absorption in 7 days, μg/mm3, water solubility in 7 days μg/mm3, adhesive strength, MPa, peel strength, MPa. Results and discussion. According to the average test depth of hardening (mm) material "Maxcem Elite" is inferior to others: material Bifix QV by 14.9% and Relyx U 100 by 13.3%. This does not significantly affect the quality of the connection of the adhesive structure with the hard tissues of the tooth, especially due to the method we have developed for the preparation of abutment teeth in the manufacturing of adhesive pads. On the other hand, according to the average value of the index of diametrical strength (MPa), the studied material "Maxcem Elite" is by 17.2% better than Bifix QV, and by 17.3% better than Relyx U 100. Comparing these and other physical and mechanical properties of materials on average, one must bear in mind the random nature of these values. From the results of the study, it can be seen that the difference between the indicators of the Maxcem Elite material and analogues is confirmed at a very high level of significance. The study of the level of water absorption indicates the probable absence of variability of the indicator of the studied material in comparison with comparable analogs. The value of the water solubility index of all the composites under study practically does not differ from the value of "Maxcem Elite" (within (2.5±0.1) %), and corresponds to the requirements of ISO 4046. Conclusion. The research results show that the investigated composite material "Maxcem Elite" in the main parameters corresponds to analogs, in most of the indicators it combines their best characteristics. In it, the adhesive strength of the connection with the hard tissues of the tooth is noticeably enhanced and better peel strength makes it possible to profitably use this material "Maxcem Elite" for fixing the adhesive structures
Evaluation of Clinical Effectiveness of Individualized Protocols for Correction of Ergonomic Parameters of Dentists’ Work during Endodontic Treatment
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University. 3, Narodna Square, Uzhhorod 88000, Transcarpathion region, Ukraine, Ratushniy R. I.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of individualized protocols for the correction of ergonomic parameters of dentists’ work during endodontic treatment. Materials and methods: target research methods Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (for the upper extremities) and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (for the whole body of the dentist), StatPlus Pro software, X-ray examination. Results and discussion. The results of the retrospective analysis of scientific and evidence-based sources to verify the principles of ergonomics during the work performed using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and Rapid Entire Body Assessment criteria show that, сhanging the design of ergonomic work systems automatically improves the posture of workers, reduces the risk of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and prevents negative consequences for overall health. During the evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of individualized protocols for the correction of ergonomic parameters of dentists' work, specific differences are observed when comparing the results of the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and Rapid Entire Body Assessment criteria among dentists of the research group and the control group. As a result of the analysis it was established that in the research group, which ensured the implementation of the protocol for correcting ergonomic parameters of dentists during endodontic interventions according to a clearly defined algorithm, there was a specific trend to reduce the absolute number of registered errors in the 12-month monitoring period: 129 cases (32.25%) at the time of 3-month control, 100 cases (25.0%) at the time of 6-month control, 86 cases (21.50%) at the time of 12-month control. When comparing the data of the research group and the control group, it was found that the introduction of individualized protocols for the correction of ergonomic components in endodontic treatment reduces the incidence of errors and complications in the treatment of incisors by 3.0% (p>0.05) 4.0% (p>0.05), premolars – by 8.25% (p <0.05), molars – by 20.25% (p <0.05). Conclusion. The increase of clinical efficiency, quality of the conducted treatment, and its predictability at the use of individualized protocols of correction of ergonomic parameters of work of dentists during endodontic treatment are established. The proposed approach to the optimization of endodontic treatment in terms of compliance with relevant ergonomic criteria is individual-specific, and the systematization of general characteristics, which were registered among the entire sample, will help expand the integrated system of improving the quality and efficiency of dental care in its structure
Teletrabajo y sus repercusiones en la salud mental.
Authors: Mariño Andrade Henry Geovanny , Salazar Mencías Verónica , Peralta Beltrán Álvaro , Andrade Rivadeneira Edwin Fernando
Published: March 2022

Las labores del ser humano son múltiples, y a medida que la evolución social se desarrolla surgen elementos que se han de considerar para regular y organizar las actividades necesarias para una cotidianidad armoniosa. Desde la Revolución industrial, la ciencia ha tratado de normar las actividades laborales que desarrolla cada actor en su rol, es por ello que se da las definiciones de empleador, empleado o trabajador, espacio laboral, salario hasta llegar los que conocemos hoy y que se resultan necesarios tener claros para alcanzar el objetivo de esta investigación. En el campo laboral podemos apreciar un sinfín de actividades que son ejecutadas por un trabajador por cuenta y órdenes de su empleador, y que son efectuadas generalmente dentro de un lugar de trabajo asignado. Sin embargo, gracias al desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (en adelante TIC), se han creado varias modalidades de ejecución del trabajo, simplificando la prestación del servicio, permitiendo de esta forma que tanto el empleado y el empleador puedan obtener beneficios que deriven en un exponencial crecimiento empresarial y, consecuentemente, un alza de la tasa de empleo. El teletrabajo ha sido una opción novedosa para las grandes y pequeñas empresas sin embargo con el pasar del tiempo se ha visto un aumento del número de consultas médicas e incapacidades por enfermedades relacionadas directamente por el teletrabajo. La tecnología no solo se relaciona con medios digitales o electrónicos, la tecnología también se identifica en objetos palpables que ayudan a resolver un problema, sobretodo si solucionan efectos adversos generados por una actividad. Un ejemplo de ello son los aparatos ergonómicos, que buscan solucionar los efectos negativos que generan en el cuerpo en el transcurso de ciertas actividades, sobretodo las relacionadas con el trabajo diario.
Efectividad del apósito de Oxido De Zinc y Eugenol en el manejo del dolor postoperatorio en pacientes sometidos a extracciones dentales
Authors: Díaz Pérez Darlen
Published: March 2022

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo demostrar no sólo la efectividad del apósito Óxido de Zinc y Eugenol en el tratamiento del dolor post operatorio, sino también su eficacia como analgésico en la práctica odontológica. Se realizó un estudio comparativo, observacional y transversal, mediante muestreo aleatorio por conveniencia, estableciéndose dos grupos de estudio, con un total de 22 alveolos dentarios. Una vez realizadas las extracciones dentales se colocó el apósito Oxido de Zinc y Eugenol intra alveolar de acuerdo a los grupos asignados, realizando los controles del dolor postoperatorio a las 24 horas, 48 horas, 7 días después, mediante la Escala Visual Numérica del Dolor. Los resultados demostraron lo antes expuesto, es decir, que el apósito de Óxido de Zinc y Eugenol, tiene propiedades analgésicas, siendo efectivo para el control del dolor post extracción.
First record of the Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) from Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India
Authors: Mukherjee Souryadeep
Published: March 2022

This is the first occurrence report of Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) from Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India.  A Great Crested Grebe was observed at a river in the Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary, while conducting the annual biodiversity survey within the Sundarban Tiger Reserve in November 2020. The species is a winter migrant to mostly man-made reservoirs at the northern districts of the state, and compared to the previous records, this is the southernmost occurrence report from West Bengal. The discovery of Podiceps cristatus at an undisturbed and favorable habitat inside a well-protected mangrove ecosystem within the Sundarban Tiger Reserve may prove significantly informative for the possible range extension and future conservation approaches of the species.