bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Singer’s Midgets v karlínském divadle Theatre Varieté
Authors: Herza Filip
Published: January 2023

Pražské vystoupení tzv. „liliputánského“ souboru Singer's Midgets představovalo ve své době mimořádně působivou manifestaci středostavovských hodnot a dobových představ o tělesné ab/normalitě. Studie analyzuje reprezentační strategie, rétorické figury a diskursy, které spoluutvářely vystoupení Singer's Midgets v Praze roku 1928 i jejich reflexi ve veřejném prostoru. Cílem studie je ukázat, jak se utvářely vztahy mezi „odlišnými“ těly a jejich publikem, a lépe tak porozumět komplexnímu procesu konstrukce a připisování ab/normálních identit v meziválečném Československu. Pražské „přehlídky kuriozit“ navazovaly na euro-americkou tradici tzv. freakshows, autor však věnuje pozornost také specifikům domácí tradice – především častému užití komicko-satirické rétoriky. V rámci studie se ukazuje, že postavy „liliputánů“ umožňovaly nejen kritiku „malých českých poměrů“, ale také potvrzovaly středostavovské identity a jejich propojení s republikánským diskursem.
Teorie jako konstitutivní rys vědeckosti a jejich místo v českém dějepisectví
Authors: Horský Jan
Published: January 2023

Toto je zpráva o X. kongresu českých historiků, který se konal v Ostravě ve dnech 14. až 16 září 2011. Její snahou je načrtnout strukturu diskusí o místě teorií v české historiografii posledních deseti let. V oblasti „teorií o historické vědě“ se zaměřuje na přínos Miloše Havelky (pojem „symbolického centra“, rozlišení tří základních paradigmat filozofie dějin) a konceptů navržených Zdeňkem Vašíčkem (dualita „příběhu“ a „obrazu“, „archeologizace historie“). S ohledem na místo teorií v historických vědách vyzdvihuje autor studie (z pera Daniely Tinkové, Lucie Storchové, Veroniky Čapské), které porovnávají obecné teoretické koncepty s empirickým materiálem. V neposlední řadě se článek snaží v širším smyslu vyhodnotit místo teoretického uvažování v českém „dějepiseckém prostředí“, přičemž dospívá k závěru, že není nijak prominentní.
Alchymie jako nástroj kritické analýzy
Authors: Benešovská Klára
Published: January 2023

Autorka předkládá polemickou reakci na kritiku katalogu výstavy Královský sňatek. Eliška Přemyslovna a Jan Lucemburský – 1310, kterou publikovala Milena Bartlová v DTK 8/2010, s. 261–270. Benešovská hájí koncept výstavy i přístupy uplatněné v katalogu, a to včetně metodologických zásad.
Marlene Tromp (ed.), Victorian Freaks. The Social Context of Freakery in Britain
Authors: Herza Filip
Published: January 2023

Recenze.
Riesgos en el uso del fondo de contingencia ante urgencia manifiesta en la contratación pública en Colombia
Authors: Ortega Saurith Carlos Rodolfo , Correa Martínez César Alberto
Published: January 2023

El trabajo del legislador en la expedición del Estatuto General de Contratación de la Administración Pública, por medio de la Ley 80 de 1993, hizo referencia en los artículos 42 y 43 a la Urgencia Manifiesta.  Así mismo, por medio de la Ley 448 de 1998 se crean y regulan los fondos de contingencias encaminados a cubrir necesidades urgentes derivadas en tres situaciones en particular, siendo una de ellas las obligaciones Contingentes generadas en Contratos Administrativos. El presente artículo tiene como propósito definir y demarcar las clases de riesgos en el uso del fondo de contingencia como ocasión de un imprevisto surgido en la ejecución de contrato de urgencia manifiesta. 
El artículo 365 de la Constitución Política de Colombia busca garantizar una asistencia eficiente de los servicios públicos a los habitantes del territorio y, dentro de las obligaciones de las administraciones públicas para el ejercicio de esta obligación, se encuentra la de planear sus actuaciones, especialmente previendo la variedad y tipos de riesgos contractuales. Dentro de los mismos encontramos los ocasionados por hechos previsibles, contrarios a aquellos no previsibles, también los generados por malas prácticas, así como obligaciones contingentes (las provenientes de sentencias judiciales y laudos arbitrales y las provenientes de operaciones de crédito público), entre otros.
La Importancia De Resetear La Cultura Sociojurídica De La Transferencia De Tecnología En Chile
Authors: Martínez Montenegro Isnel
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analizan las bases teóricas para la armonización y la integración de los lineamientos sociojurídicos que se deben considerar para impulsar la cultura innovadora y la transferencia de tecnología en Chile. Los métodos utilizados fueron el jurídico doctrinal, el análisis de contenido y el estudio teórico doctrinal. La revisión arrojó que aún no están determinados los principios que sirven de enunciados normativos para la regulación de la transferencia de tecnología en Chile, con los que se garantice el traslado de conocimientos e investigaciones desde el sector público o financiadas con fondos públicos hacia el privado, de una forma más ordenada y efectiva, con la participación de los investigadores o creadores de dichas tecnologías, pero introducidos y comercializados por los emprendedores de los rubros interesados en ello. La universidad es un sujeto relevante en el desarrollo tecnológico de la nación; sin embargo, la integración, armonización y colaboración en el impulso de los procesos de innovación tecnológica deben ser orientadas a la conjugación con el sector empresarial, por lo que las líneas de investigación deben responder y apoyar a la incorporación en el mercado nacional e internacional. Asimismo, existe el imperativo de ordenar la gestión de los sujetos que participan en dichos procesos, fortalecer el desarrollo de los derechos de propiedad intelectual y el sistema nacional de innovación tecnológica, y unificar la regulación de mecanismos, para eliminar la distorsión y la dispersión legislativa en la materia.
Elaboration of a method for strategic analysis of the development of the Armed Forces
Authors: SURKOV OLEH
Published: January 2023

Previous research has shown the need to increase the validity of the strategic decisions taken to determine (clarify) the strategy for developing the capabilities of the Ukrainian Armed Forces in the long term. It is necessary to elaborate a multi-criteria method for the strategic analysis of the development of the Armed Forces, based on statistical data obtained from the results of the defence reform and the defence review, minimising the use of expert judgments. To elaborate this method a conceptual approach was used, which combines choosing priority areas for developing the capabilities of the Armed Forces and a recursive way of organising the computing process. The process involved the creation of a system of indicators and performance criteria, their weight coefficients, and recursive and objective functions for constructing a mathematical model for synthesising the results of the strategic analysis of the development of the Armed Forces. The method of strategic analysis of the development of the Armed Forces using the recursive method of organising the computational process (SADAF-RW) produces objective assessments and the expected effect of implementing the chosen strategy for making strategic decisions. It is aimed at improving the state of readiness and capabilities of the Armed Forces in the long term, minimising the use of expert judgments. The method can be used in the elaboration of a scientific and methodological apparatus for assessing the effectiveness of strategic planning for the development of the Armed Forces since it is based on the principles of objectivity of assessments, consistency, and effectiveness of strategic decisions.
A Person, Their Security As A Value In The Spectrum Of Public `Power: Legal Problems Of Recognition Through A Civilizational Perspective
Authors: Omelchuk Vasyl , Kalinichenko Oleksandr , Naida Inna , Romanov Mykola , Havrylenko Tetiana
Published: January 2023

The recognition of the human being, their life, health, honor, dignity, inviolability, and security, as the highest social value is a key principle of the Constitution of Ukraine and its implementation in the spectrum of public authority has been the subject of in-depth theoretical and legal analysis. The historical origins of the modern perception of human value, reaching the depths of the birth of the Christian faith, the revolutionary events in the European past, the world wars, and the adoption of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights are reflected in many states’ constitutions, including modern Ukraine’s. At the same time, certain problems are obvious, including differences in the perception of the content of human rights between Western and Eastern civilizations, Christian and Muslim beliefs, and the diverse constitutional declarations with their legislative implementation, as well as the separation of new human rights, problems that are increasingly attracting the attention of scholars and practitioners.
Colombia: La naturaleza como sujeto de derechos: entre el activismo y la contención
Authors: Sánchez Jaramillo Johana Fernanda
Published: January 2023

Este artículo analiza tres providencias colombianas, con base en el pensamiento de varios teóricos del derecho y expertos en derechos de la naturaleza. Los objetivos son conocer el rol que cumplen los jueces colombianos en el otorgamiento de derechos a la naturaleza, sin tener un marco constitucional ni normativo que sustente ese cambio de estatus jurídico y dar respuesta a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuáles son los fundamentos de los jueces declarar a la naturaleza como sujeto de derechos? La metodología elegida ha sido cualitativa, descriptiva, con base en el uso de fuentes documentales, doctrina, legislación y jurisprudencia para determinar su impacto. Este trabajo cuestiona algunas decisiones judiciales debido a la carencia de una argumentación jurídica sólida, su escaso impacto en la protección real de la naturaleza y el incumplimiento de las órdenes de los jueces por parte de las instituciones que deben preservar regiones, ríos o parques como sujetos de derechos. Si estas decisiones judiciales pretenden proteger los ecosistemas deberían estar teóricamente bien argumentadas, definir claramente los límites de los derechos, y sus órdenes deben ser cumplidas por parte de las instituciones involucradas.
Serving and Optimizing Machine Learning Workflows on Heterogeneous Infrastructures
Authors: Wu Yongji , Lentz Matthew , Zhuo Danyang , Lu Yao
Published: January 2023

With the advent of ubiquitous deployment of smart devices and the Internet of Things, data sources for machine learning inference have increasingly moved to the edge of the network. Existing machine learning inference platforms typically assume a homogeneous infrastructure and do not take into account the more complex and tiered computing infrastructure that includes edge devices, local hubs, edge datacenters, and cloud datacenters. On the other hand, recent AutoML efforts have provided viable solutions for model compression, pruning and quantization for heterogeneous environments; for a machine learning model, now we may easily find or even generate a series of model variants with different tradeoffs between accuracy and efficiency.

We design and implement JellyBean, a system for serving and optimizing machine learning inference workflows on heterogeneous infrastructures. Given service-level objectives (e.g., throughput, accuracy), JellyBean picks the most cost-efficient models that meet the accuracy target and decides how to deploy them across different tiers of infrastructures. Evaluations show that JellyBean reduces the total serving cost of visual question answering by up to 58% and vehicle tracking from the NVIDIA AI City Challenge by up to 36%, compared with state-of-the-art model selection and worker assignment solutions. JellyBean also outperforms prior ML serving systems (e.g., Spark on the cloud) up to 5x in serving costs.
Optimizing Video Analytics with Declarative Model Relationships
Authors: Romero Francisco , Hauswald Johann , Partap Aditi , Kang Daniel , Zaharia Matei , Kozyrakis Christos
Published: January 2023

The availability of vast video collections and the accuracy of ML models has generated significant interest in video analytics systems. Since naively processing all frames using expensive models is impractical, researchers have proposed optimizations such as selectively using faster but less accurate models to replace or filter frames for expensive models. However, these optimizations are difficult to apply on queries with multiple predicates and models, as users must manually explore a large optimization space. Without significant systems expertise or time investment, an analyst may manually create an execution plan that is unnecessarily expensive and/or terribly inaccurate.

We propose
Relational Hints
, a declarative interface that allows users to suggest ML model relationships based on domain knowledge. Users can express two key relationships: when a model can replace another (CAN REPLACE) and when a model can be used to filter frames for another (CAN FILTER). We aim to design an interface to express
model relationships informed by domain specific knowledge
and define the constraints by which these relationships hold. We then present the
VIVA video analytics system
that uses relational hints to optimize SQL queries on video datasets. VIVA automatically selects and validates the hints applicable to the query, generates possible query plans using a formal set of transformations, and finds the best performance plan that meets a user's accuracy requirements. VIVA relieves users from rewriting and manually optimizing video queries as new models become available and execution environments evolve. We evaluate VIVA implemented on top of Spark and show that hints improve performance up to 16.6X without sacrificing accuracy.
Dalton
Authors: Zapridou Eleni , Mytilinis Ioannis , Ailamaki Anastasia
Published: January 2023

To sustain the input rate of high-throughput streams, modern stream processing systems rely on parallel execution. However, skewed data yield imbalanced load assignments and create stragglers that hinder scalability Deciding on a static partitioning for a given set of "hot" keys is not sufficient as these keys are not known in advance, and even worse, the data distribution can change unpredictably. Existing algorithms either optimize for a specific distribution or, in order to adapt, assume a centralized partitioner that processes every incoming tuple and observes the whole workload. However, this is not realistic in a distributed environment, where multiple parallel upstream operators exist, as the centralized partitioner itself becomes the bottleneck and limits scalability

In this work, we propose Dalton: a lightweight, adaptive, yet scalable partitioning operator that relies on reinforcement learning. By memoizing state and dynamically keeping track of recent experience, Dalton: i) adjusts its policy at runtime and quickly adapts to the workload, ii) avoids redundant computations and minimizes the per-tuple partitioning overhead, and iii) efficiently scales out to multiple instances that learn cooperatively and converge to a joint policy Our experiments indicate that Dalton scales regardless of the input data distribution and sustains 1.3X - 6.7X higher throughput than existing approaches.
Fachwortschatz der Automobilfachsprache im deutsch-polnischen Vergleich anhand der Übersetzung von Marketingtexten
Authors: Błaszkowska Hanka
Published: January 2023

Der Beitrag widmet sich dem Vergleich des Fachwortschatzes der deutschen und polnischen Automobilfachsprache anhand von Marketingtexten und deren Übersetzung. Der Fachwortschatz wird aus dem Blickwinkel der fachexternen Unternehmenskommunikation (Fachleute/Laien) und aus der Perspektive der Übersetzung beleuchtet, wobei im Zentrum des Interesses die (A-)Symmetrie des Gebrauchs bestimmter lexikalischer Kategorien steht. Als Analysegrundlage dient ein Kundenmagazin eines deutschen Automobilherstellers in deutscher Sprache und seine ins Polnische übersetzte Version.
The study of healthcare facility utilization problems faced by pregnant women in urban north India
Authors: Khan Mohammad Aadil , Jahid Mohd
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Sub-Saharan African countries account for nearly half of maternal deaths, and Southern Asian countries are second in the 85% of deaths that occur worldwide. Despite this fact, there is a rapid enhancement in the number of skilled health workers. There has been a sharp increase of 53% in 1990 and 61% in 2007 in trained birth attendant utilization shows that attention is being paid to the management of labor services. But surprisingly, still, the births take place without the assistance of trained health personnel in Southern Asian countries and Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study is the assessment of barriers to health care facility utilization and its management concerning labor problems in urban North India.

Methods

A sample of “300” pregnant urban women was taken for study and analysis. A convenience sampling method was used. The factor analysis was applied for the interpretation and analysis of the data.

Results

It was found that there were inadequacies in services as well as unawareness of services in almost all urban areas among pregnant women.

Conclusions

The tremendous increase in the cost of services and corrupt behavior among the service providers rampantly found in the urban locations, inaccessibility of proper means of communication and also economic backwardness and low literacy became the impediment to the utilization of maternal healthcare services in North-India.
Crystal structure of N-2,6-difluorobenzoyl-N′-[1-(3-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl)-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-5-carbamoyl]urea, C19H12ClF2N5O2
Authors: Li Nan , Li Zheng , Wang Tian Ci , Miao Jun , Wu Haixia , Gao Jin Long , Shan Ju Chuan
Published: January 2023

C19H12ClF2N5O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 14.405(9) Å, b = 7.579(5) Å, c = 17.610(9) Å, β = 95.856(13)°, V = 1913(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0464, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1134, T = 296 K.
“Little music” or “rough music”?: Ishion Hutchinson, modernist poet
Authors: Hopkins John
Published: January 2023

In this essay I will suggest that part of what makes the young Jamaican poet Ishion Hutchinson so remarkable is the fact that much of his work – in this age of “anything goes” post-postmodernism – is clearly modernist poetry, in both structure and effect. This structure will be that explained in my expanded version of Michael Riffaterre’s semiotic theory of poetry, which deals withmodernistwork. I will suggest that one of the distinctive features of the latter is that a modern poetic text is distinguished by two underlying “matricial” propositions, each of which generates a set of variant images having the same underlying semantic structure. Thisparadigmaticmethod of signifying is unique to poetry. Each matrix is reassembled by the reader from a comparison of the images of each set. The matrices are linked syntagmatically in a variety of relations such as negation or difference of scale. This bimatricial relation (subject-sign) has an intertextual counterpart (object-sign) of similar structure but different lexicon. The interpretant of these two complex signs has a sociolectic counterpart of similar lexicon but different structure. The semantic contrast thus established produces innovation, which is the other distinctive feature of modern poetry. It turns out that much of Hutchinson’s innovative work is structured in this way.
Governing Transition: Case Studies in Transformative Adaptation
Authors: Dundon Leah A. , Abkowitz Mark , Camp Janey
Published: January 2023

Global climate change presents both acute and long-term risks to humanity. Managed retreat has emerged in the literature as one method by which to manage some acute and slow-onset events caused by climate change, but it requires substantial additional research and examination. It is now clear that humanity must scrutinize how and where we live and the wisdom of policies that support continued rebuilding and reinvestment after climate-related disasters. Despite its emergence as a potential policy response to risk, the phrase “managed retreat” is documented as a barrier in itself to successful adaptation actions, largely because the term is currently almost exclusively considered to mean physical movement of infrastructure or people out of harm’s way—that is, retreat. There is a need to document and consider case studies where managed retreat is being utilized more broadly and to consider these case studies as a climate governance approach to managing risk. The case studies presented of local policy responses to climate-induced disaster events demonstrate examples of the permanent changes that are already occurring to the existing and historical governance of climate-related risks. These case studies can serve to broaden the climate adaptation discussion and framework beyond “managed retreat” and may lead to more successful implementation of adaptation measures that reduce climate risks. We adopt the term “transformative adaptation measures,” rather than “managed retreat,” and provide case study illustrations of climate governance strategies that communities faced with a changing climate risk profile may consider, rather than focusing on “retreat.”
Pan‐Cancer landscape of protein activities identifies drivers of signalling dysregulation and patient survival
Authors: Sousa Abel , Dugourd Aurelien , Memon Danish , Petursson Borgthor , Petsalaki Evangelia , Saez‐Rodriguez Julio , Beltrao Pedro
Published: January 2023

Genetic alterations in cancer cells trigger oncogenic transformation, a process largely mediated by the dysregulation of kinase and transcription factor (TF) activities. While the mutational profiles of thousands of tumours have been extensively characterised, the measurements of protein activities have been technically limited until recently. We compiled public data of matched genomics and (phospho)proteomics measurements for 1,110 tumours and 77 cell lines that we used to estimate activity changes in 218 kinases and 292 TFs. Co‐regulation of kinase and TF activities reflects previously known regulatory relationships and allows us to dissect genetic drivers of signalling changes in cancer. We find that loss‐of‐function mutations are not often associated with the dysregulation of downstream targets, suggesting frequent compensatory mechanisms. Finally, we identified the activities most differentially regulated in cancer subtypes and showed how these can be linked to differences in patient survival. Our results provide broad insights into the dysregulation of protein activities in cancer and their contribution to disease severity.
Activation temperature and particle size of palm kernel shell vs. the surface properties of activated carbon
Authors: Lee Chuan Li , Chin Kit Ling , H’ng Paik San , Hafizuddin Mohd Sahfani , Khoo Pui San
Published: January 2023

Granular activated carbon (GAC) and powdered activated carbon (PAC) are the two most common forms of activated carbon with varying particle size range. The goal of this study was to analyze the key factors (particle size and activation temperature) affecting the surface characteristics of GAC and PAC derived from palm kernel shell (PKS). The surface morphology suggested that the pore network in PKS-PAC is more developed than that in PKS-GAC owing to the presence of a micropore structure when prepared at lower activation temperatures. This study also demonstrated that activation performed on different PKS particle size range influenced the mesopore domain of the activated carbon produced. The PKS-GAC was found to have more mesopores than PKS-PAC, which made it more reliable for dye adsorption in water treatment. Overall, this study demonstrated that applying different particle size range of PKS during the activation process can have a significant influence on the surface characteristics, thus having a direct impact on the application of activated carbon. An accurate particle size range will ensure that the most cost-effective activated carbon is selected to achieve the desired performance objectives.
Enhanced bleachability of chemi-thermomechanical pulp by hydrogen peroxide bleaching in ethanol-water media
Authors: Seo Jin-Ho , Oh Yu-jin , Hwang Kyojung , Gwon Jaegyoung , Ahn Byeong-Jun , Kim Kang-Jae , Lee Tai-Ju
Published: January 2023

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) bleaching in ethanol-water media was used to improve the bleaching efficiency of the chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP). The brightness of CTMP increased and the yellowness decreased when the ethanol ratio was increased to 50%. However, when more than 50% ethanol was added, the brightness decreased, and the yellowness increased. In general, H2O2 bleaching in ethanol-water media, except for 100% ethanol, improved the optical properties of CTMP compared to conventional H2O2 bleaching. Moreover, the chemical composition of CTMP did not alter significantly. The best bleaching condition for CTMP was observed in 50% ethanol at a bleaching temperature and time of 80 °C and 120 min, respectively. The brightness of CTMP under this condition increased by approximately 22% compared with conventional H2O2 bleached CTMP. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the optical properties of bleached CTMP were affected by the structural changes of the aromatic ring and carbonyl group in lignin and carbonyl group in hemicellulose. Consequently, the specific optimal ratio of ethanol that could improve the optical properties of CTMP was determined. The results can serve as a reference for fabricating improved CTMP for its practical application in high-grade papermaking.
The Influence of Attitudes, Perception of Control and Internal Control System on Whistleblowing Intention with Legal Protection as a Moderation Variable (study on PT Kereta API Indonesia)
Authors: Primasari Dona , Waspodo Lego , Ilhami Muhammad Thareq
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine, analyze, and test the effect of attitudes, perceptions of control, and internal control systems on whistleblowing intentions with legal protection as a moderating variable. This type of research is survey research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were employees who worked at PT Kereta Api Indonesia Daop 5 Purwokerto. The sample selection used purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Attitude has a significant effect on the intention to take whistleblowing action. 2) Perceived control has no effect on the intention to take whistleblowing action on employees PT Kereta Api Indonesia Daop 5. 3) The internal control system has no effect on the intention to take whistleblowing action. 4) Legal protection cannot moderate the effect of attitudes on intentions to take whistleblowing actions. 5) Legal protection cannot moderate the influence of perceptions of control on the intention to take whistleblowing actions. 6) Legal protection cannot moderate the influence of the internal control system on the intention to take whistleblowing action.
Efficacy of Ranolazine to Improve Diastolic Performance in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Putri Desak Ketut Sekar Cempaka , Andrianto Andrianto , Al-Farabi Makhyan Jibril , Saputra Pandit Bagus Tri , Nugraha Ricardo Adrian
Published: January 2023

This article evaluates the efficacy of using ranolazine to improve diastolic performance and exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. A comprehensive literature review found eight trials where there was no significant difference in peak O2 (p=0.09) and exercise duration (p=0.18) between ranolazine and placebo. The ranolazine group had significantly higher and better diastolic parameters compared to placebo, with a mean difference of 0.45 (95% CI [27.18–39.50]). There were no significant differences for haemodynamic parameters (blood pressure and heart rate) and electrocardiography (QT interval) between ranolazine and placebo. The review found that ranolazine has good efficacy to improve diastolic performance among heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients and it does not affect blood pressure, heart rate and rate of ventricular repolarisation (shortening of the QT interval).
Jerarquización de zonas de atención prioritaria para la minimización del riesgo biológico en situación de crisis
Authors: Montaño Gómez Ariana , Gonzalez Cañizalez Yomar , Coello-Pisco Silvia , Hidalgo-Crespo José
Published: January 2023

Objetivo Proponer una herramienta para identificar sectores de población que requieren mayor atención por parte de autoridades locales o gubernamentales en situaciones de crisis biológica, considerando los factores que influyen en la adherencia a las normas de minimización de riesgos.
Metodología Se implementó un algoritmo de ordenamiento, tomando como referencia las restricciones de julio del 2021 en Ecuador. El contexto del estudio se resume en siete sectores urbanos de la ciudad de Guayaquil, con una población caracterizada por un nivel de educación promedio por debajo de la educación secundaria superior (70%) y más del 50% entre 20-34 años, con alguna ocupación en el medio de una economía popular debilitada. Siete factores de riesgo fueron identificados después de un análisis estructural de la hipóótesis de adherencia (χ2/gl=3,6; CFI≥0,91; TLI≥0,90; RMSEA≤0,05), basado en una muestra aleatoria de n=515 adultos viviendo en las áreas afectadas.
Resultados El seguimiento de las normas está influenciado por la percepción del clima de seguridad, el riesgo percibido y el entendimiento del riesgo. El umbral de ordenmiento (h) permite establecer relaciones unidireccionales entre variables.
Conclusiones Los resultados muestran que Vergeles, Norte y Fertisa representan los sectores con mayor prioridad de atención en materia de salud pública {A4,A5,A6}>{A2}>{A3}>{A1}>{A7}. Se requiere identificar más factores para garantizar una diferenciación óptima.
Factores que condicionan la tasa de adopción de sistemas de riego tecnificados en México
Authors: García-Salazar José Alberto , Bautista-Mayorga Fidel , Reyes-Santiago Ester
Published: January 2023

Introducción. Conocer los factores que condicionan la tasa de adopción de sistemas de riego tecnificados, es importante por el ahorro de agua que podría obtenerse al aumentar el número de unidades que utilizan sistemas más eficientes. Objetivo. Determinar los factores que condicionan la tasa de adopción de sistemas de riego tecnificados en México. Materiales y métodos. Se estimó un modelo logit en donde la variable dependiente fue el logit de la razón de probabilidades de usar sistemas de riego tecnificados contra otros sistemas de riego. Las variables independientes fueron: precio de la energía eléctrica, valor del agua, precipitación pluvial, temperatura, número de acuíferos sobreexplotados, tamaño de predio, tasa de utilización de unidades de producción que utilizan medidas sanitarias y grado de escolaridad de los productores agrícolas. La estimación se realizó con datos de las 32 entidades federativas de México para el 2019. Resultados. Los resultados indicaron que si el precio de la energía eléctrica y el valor del agua aumentan en 10 %, la tasa o probabilidad de usar sistemas de riego tecnificados aumentaría de 24,51 a 25,42 y 26,17 %, respectivamente. Una disminución del 10 % en la precipitación pluvial aumentaría la probabilidad de usar sistemas de riego tecnificados de 24,51 a 25,41 %, mientras que con un aumento de 5 % en la temperatura, esa probabilidad pasaría de 24,51 a 29,40 %. Conclusión. Estos resultados demostraron la importancia que tienen las condiciones económicas y climáticas como factores que afectan el uso de sistemas de riego tecnificados y, por lo tanto, en el ahorro de agua.
Roma – nem roma interetnikus párkapcsolatok és identitás
Authors: Komolafe Cinderella , Csordás Georgina , Dávid Beáta
Published: January 2023

Háttér és célkitűzések

A roma – nem roma interetnikus párkapcsolatok, házasságok száma egyre növekszik Magyarországon. Bár az interetnikus párkapcsolatok kapcsolatba hozhatóak a romák társadalmi integrációjával, eddig mégis kevés kutatás fókuszált vizsgálatukra. Kutatásunk fókuszában az etnikai identitás, valamint a roma identitásstratégiák álltak, különböző roma alcsoportok (beás, oláh, romungró) bevonásával. Arra kerestük a választ, hogy ezen konstruktumok milyen kapcsolatban állnak azzal, hogy a válaszadóknak volt-e valaha életében nem roma párja.

Módszer

Kérdőíves, kvantitatív, keresztmetszeti, feltáró kutatásunkban a roma – nem roma interetnikus párkapcsolatokat az etnikai identitás (MEIM skála), roma identitásstratégia (szeparált, integrált, asszimilált) és a roma alcsoporthoz (oláh, beás, romungró) való tartozás szempontjából vizsgáltuk egy 533 fős magyarországi roma mintán.

Eredmények

Vizsgálatunkban míg az etnikai identitás nem mutatott összefüggést azzal, hogy a válaszadóknak volt-e nem roma párja életükben, addig a roma identitásstratégia igen. Akik jobban a többségi csoporthoz tartozónak vallották magukat, nagyobb arányban választottak nem roma párt. Míg, akik büszkén vallották, hogy roma származásúak, inkább választottak roma párt életük során. Az iskolai végzettség a roma identitásstratégiával és a pár származásával is összefüggött.

Következtetések

Az, hogy az etnikai identitásban nem mutatkozott meg különbség a párok származása szerint, a roma identitásstratégiában pedig igen, arra utalhat, hogy a párválasztás ez esetben jobban szól a többség és a kisebbség viszonyáról és annak benső reprezentációjáról, mint arról, hogy a kisebbségi csoportba tartozó egyén hogyan gondolkozik és cselekszik etnikai csoportjával kapcsolatban.
Az iskolai stressz, az adaptív és maladaptív megküzdés, valamint az iskolai kötődés összefüggései serdülő mintán
Authors: Juhász Ágnes , Ardai Boglárka , Nagy Lilla , Balázs Noémi , Szigeti Réka
Published: January 2023

Háttér és célkitűzések

Kutatásunkban 10 és 14 év közötti serdülők körében vizsgáltuk 473 fős mintán a megküzdő stratégiák ismeretét, az adaptív stratégiák védő szerepét az átélt stresszel szemben, valamint az átélt stressz és depresszió összefüggéseit az iskolával kapcsolatos attitűdjeikkel. Témánk indokoltságát a serdülőkorban átélt nagyobb mértékű stressz, valamint az adaptív megküzdési stratégiáknak a stressz negatív hatásaival szembeni potenciális védő szerepe adja.

Módszer

Kvantitatív és kvalitatív módszereket is használtunk két különböző időpontban. A kamaszoknál felmértük az általuk átélt stresszt, illetve a depressziót, továbbá a szubjektív egészségi panaszaikat és az iskolai kötődésüket. A megküzdő stratégiák ismeretét nyílt végű kérdéssel, majd a válaszok tartalomelemzésével kutattuk. Az összefüggéseket korrelációs és lineáris regressziós elemzéssel vizsgáltuk.

Eredmények

Az iskolai stressz összefüggést mutatott a depresszióval és az észlelt tanári támogatással. Az iskolai kötődést a vizsgált változók közül egyedül a tanári támogatás magyarázta. Az iskolai stressz szignifikáns negatív kapcsolatban volt az iskolai kötődéssel keresztmetszeti és hosszmetszeti elrendezésben is. Mintánkban a leginkább ismert stresszkezelési technikák a fizikai aktivitás, a verbalitás/sírás/kiabálás, a fizikai pihenés/feltöltődés és a digitális világ technikáinak használata voltak, néhány vizsgálati személy az instrukció ellenére maladaptív stratégiákat is említett. A maladaptív stratégiák igénybevétele főként a fizikai aktivitással, a verbalitás/sírás/kiabálás használatával, illetve a digitális világ technikáinak igénybevételével mutatott együtt járást. Az adaptív stresszlevezető technikák mennyisége gyenge pozitív korrelációt mutatott a stresszel.

Következtetések

A tanároktól kapott támogatásnak kiemelten fontos szerepe lehet a serdülők által átélt stressz mértékének csökkentésében, illetve ezen keresztül a depressziójuk megelőzésében.
Rituals, Music, and the Landscape Metaphor
Authors: Shilton Dor , Jablonka Eva
Published: January 2023

In this commentary, we discuss two aspects of The Ritual Animal’s (2021) rich and multidimensional framework which may be further developed: the role of music and euphoric rituals within Harvey Whitehouse’s modes theory, and the use of the landscape model for studying sociocultural systems. We note the strong, cross-cultural association of music and religious rituals, consider the suitability of music for such practices, and suggest further research on how the use of music may accommodate both imagistic and doctrinal rituals. We then describe the social landscape model used by Whitehouse and consider his proposal to extend the model through the consideration of multiple landscapes at different levels. We accept his suggestion to explicitly include underlying and overlying networks of inputs but argue that since the interacting networks are not external to but constitutive of the landscape, a single landscape with multiple causal, constraining, and constitutive networks may better capture the integrated nature of social systems.
Novel strategies for C-C/X bond formation
Authors:   ,   Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Anaspure Prasad
Published: January 2023

The formation of C-C/X bonds is essential for the manufacture of a broad range of chemicals and materials used in areas critical for maintaining quality of life in modern society, e.g. pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and polymers, and for aspects of research in organic chemistry. The use of catalysts for facilitating these reactions is highly desirable due to the improvements in energy and atom economies that can potentially be achieved.The primary objective of the thesis was to explore novel approaches for catalysis of C-C/X bond-forming reactions, both through C-H activation. In paper I, at unable cobalt catalyzed C-H activation-driven annulation of benzamides with unsymmetrical diynes was developed, where either 3- or 4-substitution of the isoquinolone could be steered by the nature of the diyne used. Anunprecedented iridium catalyzed tandem bis-arylsulfenylation of indoles was described (paper II), where an adamantoyl sacrificial directing group plays a key role in the simultaneous direction of arylsulfenylation to the 2- and 4- positions. In paper III, a flow reactor in a lab-on-a-chip device was developed for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. Miniaturization provides the opportunity to reduce material consumption. Polyethyleneimine (PEI)-brushes were used for the immobilization of Pd-nanoparticles, and high efficiencies were observed. Collectively, the research underpinning this thesis provides new strategies forC-C and C-X(S) bond formation.
Imagem guiada para qualidade de vida de mulheres com câncer cervical: estudo quase experimental
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraná, de Oliveira Santana Edenice , Marcondes Larissa , Alves da Silva Luana Aparecida , Okino Sawada Namie , da Rosa Luciana Martins , Puchalski Kalinke Luciana
Published: January 2023

Introdução: As terapias mente-corpo, como o relaxamento com imagem guiada, que estão entre as principais práticas integrativas utilizadas por pacientes oncológicos, são essenciais para manter equilíbrio saudável entre a excitação simpática e parassimpática no cérebro. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do relaxamento por imagem guiada, com o uso da realidade virtual, na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de mulheres com câncer de colo uterino em tratamento concomitante com quimiorradioterapia. Materiais e Método: Estudo quase experimental, realizado em um hospital de referência em oncologia no Sul do Brasil, de outubro de 2019 a janeiro de 2021. Participaram 52 mulheres, divididas em dois grupos, experimental (intervenção relaxamento por imagem guiada com realidade virtual), e controle (rotina padrão). Utilizou-se para avaliação dos escores da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde o instrumento Functional Assessmentof Cancer Therapy Cervix Cancer,aplicado antes, 14 dias após e, ao término do tratamento, em aproximadamente 35 dias. As análises foram realizadas pelo modelo linear generalizado misto, com a matriz de covariância autorregressiva de ordem 1, e a significância foi confirmada pelo teste de Sidak. Resultados: Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa para o grupo experimental nos domínios físico (p=0,02), funcional (p=0,00), sintomas específicos do câncer de colo de útero e efeitos do tratamento (p=0,03) e qualidade de vida global (p=0,02). Conclusão: O relaxamento por Imagem Guiada contribuiu na melhora na Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde das pacientes com câncer de colo do útero, durante o tratamento com quimiorradiação.
Providing Quality Education to School-Age Children in Times of War in Ukraine: A Netnographic Analysis
Authors:   Institute of Pedagogy of NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Malykhin Oleksandr , Aristova Nataliia ,   Institute of Pedagogy of NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Bondarchuk Julia ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Kyiv
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this study is to clarify strategic directions aimed at adapting the system of general secondary education to new conditions of teaching and learning and minimising educational losses both in times of war and in the post-war period in Ukraine, on the one hand, and presenting and communicating our specific study to an international audience through describing main activities within each strategic direction identified, on the other hand. The authors employed a netnographic approach for collecting information posted on the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine’s official website on the topic of providing quality education to school-age children in war in Ukraine between February 24 and June 30, 2022. The data concerning providing quality education to school-age children in times of war in Ukraine were collected for more than four months, from February 24, 2022 to June 30, 2022. The authors selected 294 news posts that met the selection criteria for further analysis out of 824 news posts available on the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine website during the chosen period. Their analysis and summarisation enabled us to clarify eight main strategic directions, namely, official statements by the Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine, External Independent Assessment, support of the international community for providing educational opportunities to school-age children outside Ukraine, organising education in times of war, work with teachers in times of war, providing technical support to organising education, out-ofschool education, physical and sports education.
Specifics of National Self-Assertion Upbringing of Students in Extracurricular Activity Against a Background of the Russian Armed Aggression
Authors:   Rivne State University of Humanities, Ukraine, Soichuk Ruslana , Petrenko Oksana ,   Rivne State University of Humanities, Ukraine, Budz Iryna ,   Stepan Demianchuk International University of Economics and Humanities, Ukraine, Pustovit Hryhorii ,   Rivne Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Ukraine, Pavelkiv Roman ,   Rivne State University of Humanities, Ukraine
Published: January 2023

The article contains the empirical testing results of the effectiveness of the developed methodology of national self-assertion upbringing of students in extracurricular activity against a background of the Russian armed aggression. Senior teens and high school students participated in the experiment at various stages. We have received positive dynamics in national self-assertion upbringing in an extracurricular activity of students. The introduced results prove the pedagogical expediency and effectiveness of the proposed methodology. On the other hand, developed and implemented methodology as a set of content, methods, and forms that contribute to students’ national self-assertion upbringing is effective in the pedagogical conditions.
A Humane Paradigm as the Conceptual Core of Education in the Age of Information Society
Authors:   National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Topuzov Oleh M. , Saukh Petro Yu. ,   National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Saukh Irina V. ,   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Ogrodzka-Mazur Ewa ,   University of Silesia in Katowice
Published: January 2023

The article, based on a systematic analysis of the problems of national education in the age of information society and digitalised education, reveals the significance of the human paradigm, which is the conceptual core and the major platform for the educational process under the regime of aggravation. The convergence of education and information technology produces not only new areas of knowledge, pedagogical tools and teaching methods but also large-scale transformations in social practice. Like any social change, the digitalisation of education has a variety of consequences - from positive to negative ones. It is shown that the digitalisation of education, which meets great hopes not only in Ukraine and Poland, can be productive only if an anthropocentric algorithm is dealt with. Along with the huge and not much-studied possibilities of digitalisation of education, it is proved that many problems and risks are associated with the total introduction of the “digital” in the educational system. These are social, psychological, health, organisational and methodological risks, and some problems with the reduced quality of education. However, the ethics-related risks are perhaps the most dangerous among them. As regards this, it is proved that the humane paradigm, as a paradigm of the integrity of knowledge that provides values and goals of education, is a guarantor of the harmonisation in many processes related to translating information and knowledge into a digital form. The humane paradigm is the basis of the genetic connection of knowledge, skills, digital literacy, moral imperatives, and life values, which in a synergetic algorithm contribute to students’ effective development, systematic thinking, and socialisation. The three most important blocks of educational problems in the discourse on modern cyber-socialisation (transformation of the worldview component of education, reconstruction of the content of education, imbalance of educational and didactic processes) are outlined, and the ways and mechanisms of solving them are suggested. Implementing integrated strategies within the humane paradigm (which is the nourishing source of each of these blocks) might result in the idea of the so-called “new humanism” in education.
Do Teachers Want to Work with Inspectors? The Monitoring Programmes
Authors:   University of Porto and University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal, Joana Luciana
Published: January 2023

The emerging dichotomy between control and support/monitoring, which takes place when the performance of inspection at schools is at stake, was crucial to the definition of our goal: knowing the perceptions of teachers and inspectors regarding the relationship between them and the impact of this relation in the collaborative work that they must undertake in the context of the monitoring programmes. The methodological option, of a qualitative nature, comprised a case study involving five school clusters. We used questionnaires and semi-structured interviews as data collection instruments. Data were analysed through content analysis and descriptive statistical analysis. In total, the study involved 130 participants, including teachers and inspectors. The research results show the contradictory nature of the multiple activities under the responsibility of this inspection body, which means that inspectors are not always well received by teachers, even if the activities have a different nature from the evaluation and control ones.