bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A decision support system of green inventory-routing problem
Authors: Liu Gia-Shie , Lin Kuo-Ping
Published: August 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a decision support system to consider geographic information, logistics information and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission information to solve the proposed green inventory routing problem (GIRP) for a specific Taiwan publishing logistics firm.

Design/methodology/approach

A GIRP mathematical model is first constructed to help this specific publishing logistics firm to approximate to the optimal distribution system design. Next, two modified Heuristic-Tabu combination methods that combine savings approach, 2-opt and 1-1 λ-interchange heuristic approach with two modified Tabu search methods are developed to determine the optimum solution.

Findings

Several examples are given to illustrate the optimum total inventory routing cost, the optimum delivery routes, the economic order quantities, the optimum service levels, the reorder points, the optimum common review interval and the optimum maximum inventory levels of all convenience stores in these designed routes. Sensitivity analyses are conducted based on the parameters including truck loading capacity, inventory carrying cost percentages, unit shortage costs, unit ordering costs and unit transport costs to support optimal distribution system design regarding the total inventory routing cost and GHG emission level.

Originality/value

The most important finding is that GIRP model with reordering point inventory control policy should be applied for the first replenishment and delivery run and GIRP model with periodic review inventory control policy should be conducted for the remaining replenishment and delivery runs based on overall simulation results. The other very important finding concerning the global warming issue can help decision makers of GIRP distribution system to select the appropriate type of truck to deliver products to all retail stores located in the planned optimal delivery routes depending on GHG emission consumptions.
SUPPLIER INNOVATION IN THE PRESENCE OF BUYER POWER
Authors: Chen Zhiqi
Published: August 2018

This article analyzes the impact of retailer buyer power on a supplier's incentive to conduct innovation, with a focus on the supplier's investment in product variety and quality improvement. The analysis shows that an increase in buyer power, manifested through either a weakening of the supplier's bargaining position or a strengthening of a large retailer's bargaining power, leads to greater product variety and higher quality if the elasticity of demand is not too large. Increased buyer power, manifested through a strengthening of a large retailer's bargaining position, stimulates the supplier to invest more in quality improvement.
Social exclusion of the adolescent with overweight: study of sociocentric social networks in the classroom
Authors: Arias Ramos N. , Calvo Sánchez M. D. , Fernández‐Villa T. , Ovalle Perandones M. A. , Fernández García D. , Marqués‐Sánchez P.
Published: August 2018

Background

Multiple studies have shown the social consequences of suffering overweight, with social exclusion or isolation as some of the most important. In order to study the social patterns among adolescents, we have set as objectives to analyse the position of the individual within their network from a sociocentric perspective, comparing the relational pattern of the adolescents suffering from overweight with those who are normal weight.

Method

This was a cross‐sectional descriptive study using logistic regression and social network analysis. We analysed the contact patterns of 235 adolescents in 11 social networks, classifying contact into three levels of intensity: minimum, intermediate and maximum (friendship). The WHO reference was used for the variable of overweight.

Results

The prevalence of overweight was 30.2% (25.5% overweight and 4.7% obesity). An analysis of the relational patterns of individuals with overweight showed that at the minimum contact level, they established fewer relationships and less closeness (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32; confidence interval [CI] 95%: 1.17–4.66; p‐value: 0.016). This effect was more marked in female adolescents. At intermediate contact level, they had few relationships and low prestige (OR: 3.29; CI: 95%; 1.03–10.51; p‐value: 0.045, OR: 3.18; CI: 95%; 1.00–10.04; p‐value: 0.049, respectively). At maximum contact level (friendship), female adolescents related little with other adolescents (OR: 3.78; CI: 95%; 1.07–13.32; p‐value: 0.038).

Conclusions

Adolescents with overweight take up peripheral positions within their social network, choosing by themselves not to establish contact with others. Social network analysis is crucial to detect adolescents with overweight at risk of exclusion and help alleviate psychological and social deficits.
Putting the Ghost Back in the Machine: An Exploration of Somatic Dualism
Authors: Davidson Matthew
Published: August 2018

In this article, I explore various views on which mind–body dualism is true, but the soul is located in the body. I argue that this sort of dualism (which I call ‘somatic dualism’) once was a not‐uncommon view in the philosophy of mind. I also argue that it has the resources to reply to some of the problems thought to affect Cartesian dualism.
Needs Analysis on Values Education Programme for Preschool Students
Authors: Kayıran Derya , Bağçeci Birsen
Published: August 2018

In recent years, there is a big debate among researchers, teachers and decision makers about what to include in early childhood values education in preschools in Turkey. The aim of the current study is to make a need analysis for values education programme for preschoolers. This study was conducted with 200 preschool teachers in one of urban cities of Turkey –Kahramanmaraş- during 2016-2017 Spring semester. A values checklist is created for the current study by making use of Turkish Ministry of Education’s ‘Values Education Prescript’. The values checklist is a 5-Likert type scale coded as: Not important, Slightly important, Moderately important, Important, Very important. The teachers participated in this study were asked to rank values according to their self regard on importance of them. Findings of this study are analyzed by SPSS 22.0 Programme. According to the findings of the need analysis, top ten values which are chosen by teachers as essential to be implemented in preschools as part of the values education programme for preschoolers are as follows: Honesty, patriotism, responsibility, respect, respect to the elders, respect to environment, love, being fair, respect to others’ rights and being modest. Also, least five values which were ranked by teachers are social responsibility, generosity, collaboration, forehandedness and courage.
March of Dimes curtails support for researchers
Authors: Servick Kelly
Published: August 2018

Cuts at historic nonprofit leave grantees fuming.
Hope blooms for Hawaii's iconic native tree
Authors: Pennisi Elizabeth
Published: August 2018

Some 'ōhi'a trees resist foreign fungi—and fencing out animals can also protect the trees from fatal infections.
The resistance potential of a quintessential commensal
Authors: Langelier Chaz
Published: August 2018

Whole-genome sequencing and microbiome analysis illuminate the emergence of invasive, linezolid-resistant
Staphylococcus epidermidis.
(Non)Parallel Evolution
Authors: Bolnick Daniel I. , Barrett Rowan D.H. , Oke Krista B. , Rennison Diana J. , Stuart Yoel E.
Published: August 2018

Parallel evolution across replicate populations has provided evolutionary biologists with iconic examples of adaptation. When multiple populations colonize seemingly similar habitats, they may evolve similar genes, traits, or functions. Yet, replicated evolution in nature or in the laboratory often yields inconsistent outcomes: Some replicate populations evolve along highly similar trajectories, whereas other replicate populations evolve to different extents or in distinct directions. To understand these heterogeneous outcomes, biologists are increasingly treating parallel evolution not as a binary phenomenon but rather as a quantitative continuum ranging from parallel to nonparallel. By measuring replicate populations’ positions along this (non)parallel continuum, we can test hypotheses about evolutionary and ecological factors that influence the extent of repeatable evolution. We review evidence regarding the manifestation of (non)parallel evolution in the laboratory, in natural populations, and in applied contexts such as cancer. We enumerate the many genetic, ecological, and evolutionary processes that contribute to variation in the extent of parallel evolution.
Perspectives of a Practitioner-Scientist on Organizational Psychology/Organizational Behavior
Authors: Latham Gary P.
Published: August 2018

In this article I comment on areas where I agree/disagree with the five previous perspectives on organizational psychology/organizational behavior (OP/OB). This is followed by a dire prediction of the future for OP doctoral programs, criticisms of the journal editorial processes and the overemphasis on deductive theory building, the value of qualitative analyses and enumerative reviews, the importance of mentors for advancing one's career, and the strengths and weaknesses of our scholarly societies. The article ends with a call for improving the balance currently in favor of scientists at the expense of practitioners.
Psychobiological Mechanisms of Placebo and Nocebo Effects: Pathways to Improve Treatments and Reduce Side Effects
Authors: Petrie Keith J. , Rief Winfried
Published: August 2018

Placebo effects constitute a major part of treatment success in medical interventions. The nocebo effect also has a major impact, as it accounts for a significant proportion of the reported side effects for many treatments. Historically, clinical trials have aimed to reduce placebo effects; however, currently, there is interest in optimizing placebo effects to improve existing treatments and in examining ways to minimize nocebo effects to improve clinical outcome. To achieve these aims, a better understanding of the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of the placebo and nocebo response is required. This review discusses the impact of the placebo and nocebo response in health care. We also examine the mechanisms involved in the placebo and nocebo effects, including the central mechanism of expectations. Finally, we examine ways to enhance placebo effects and reduce the impact of the nocebo response in clinical practice and suggest areas for future research.
Oxidative Stress, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, and Developmental Programming of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rashid Cetewayo S. , Bansal Amita , Simmons Rebecca A.
Published: August 2018

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to reduced birth weight and the development of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress are commonly found in key tissues (pancreatic islets, liver, and skeletal muscle) of IUGR individuals. In this review, we explore the role of oxidative stress in IUGR-associated diabetes etiology.
Psoralen and Bakuchiol Ameliorate M-CSF Plus RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption Via Inhibition of AKT and AP-1 Pathways in Vitro
Authors: Chai Lijuan , Zhou Kun , Wang Shaoxia , Zhang Han , Fan Na , Li Jie , Tan Xiaofeng , Hu Limin , Fan Xiang
Published: August 2018

Background/Aims: Psoralen and bakuchiol are the main active compounds found in the traditional Chinese medicine Psoralea corylifolia L., and have been used to treat osteoporosis. This study aims to investigate the anti-osteoporosis effects of these two compounds using osteoclasts precursor differentiation and bone absorption assays in vitro. Methods: Primary mouse osteoclasts precursor cells were induced by M-CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor) plus RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) in vitro. TRACP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) enzyme activity and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the effects of psoralen and bakuchiol on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, respectively. Gelatin zymography was used to assess MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) activity, and ELISA was performed to measure cathepsin K activity. Western blotting analysis for expression of phosphorylated AKT, ERK, NF-kB, and c-jun; and immunofluorescence analysis for c-jun and p65 nuclear translocation in induced osteoclasts were then used to determine the mechanism of anti-bone resorption of psoralen and bakuchiol. Results: Mature osteoclasts were induced by M-CSF plus RANKL from primary bone marrow macrophages in vitro. Both psoralen and bakuchiol significantly inhibited TRACP enzyme activity and slightly decreased the number of TRACP+ multinuclear osteoclasts induced by M-CSF plus RANKL. Bakuchiol significantly decreased bone lacunae area and attenuated MMP-2 activity induced by M-CSF plus RANKL in osteoclasts. Both psoralen and bakuchiol significantly decreased the expression and nuclear translocation of phosphorylated c-jun stimulated by M-CSF plus RANKL, but no significant effect on p65 translocation was observed in osteoclasts. Additionally, bakuchiol significantly attenuated the increased of M-CSF plus RANKL-induced phosphorylation of AKT in osteoclasts. Conclusions: Psoralen and bakuchiol ameliorated M-CSF plus RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption via inhibition of AKT and AP-1 pathways activation in vitro.
Application of Hegemony to Customary International Law: An African Perspective
Authors: Okubuiro Joycelin Chinwe
Published: August 2018

The perpetual reliance on the traditional approach to customary international law based on state practice and opinio juris arguably serves the hegemonic purposes of the great powers in the Global North. Such a traditional approach is out of step with reality in that it fails to reflect the polarised nature of the international system, as well as the activities of diverse non-state actors that shape international law-making. These observations support a reassessment of the formation of custom to include the interests of diverse legal traditions and actors in customary international law-making. In view of the above, this paper explores hegemony through Gramsci’s ideology in relation to customary international law from an African perspective.
The status of Cuvierina spoeli Rampal, 2002 and Cuvieria oryza Benson, 1835 (Gastropoda, Pteropoda, Cuvierinidae)
Authors: JANSSEN ARIE W.
Published: August 2018

The name Cuvierina spoeli Rampal, 2002 cannot be understood as a new replacement name (nom. nov.) for Cuvierina atlantica, as published in the unavailable name Cuvierina columnella (Rang, 1827) f. atlantica van der Spoel, 1970. The name atlantica was made available as a name of the species group in the combination Cuvierina columnella atlantica Bé, MacClintock & Currie, 1972, currently interpreted to represent the species Cuvierina atlantica. Cuvierina spoeli type material does not belong to C. atlantica, but to C. columnella of which it therefore is a junior subjective synonym.        The name Cuvieria oryza Benson, 1835 was recognised to represent a senior synonym of Cuvierina urceolaris (Mörch, 1850), not a junior synonym or form of C. columnella Rang, 1827, as it was frequently interpreted by authors. The name C. oryza is here declared nomen oblitum and the name C. urceolaris, because in prevailing usage, is declared nomen protectum. The conditions of ICZN (1999, art. 23.9.1.1 and .2) are met.
Two new species of Anisocyrta Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) from China
Authors: YAO JUNLI , KULA ROBERT R. , CHEN JIAHUA
Published: August 2018

Two new species of the genus Anisocyrta Foerster, 1863, from China are described and illustrated: Anisocyrta xiaoliyaoae Yao, sp. n. and Anisocyrta cvanachterbergi Yao, sp. n. Anisocyrta is reported from China for the first time. A key to the Palearctic species of the genus Anisocyrta is provided based on the keys of van Achterberg (1986) and Belokobylskij (1998). Type specimens of the two new species are deposited in the Beneficial Insects Institute Collection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China (BIIC).
CheckMate-032 Study: Efficacy and Safety of Nivolumab and Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Patients With Metastatic Esophagogastric Cancer
Authors: Janjigian Yelena Y. , Bendell Johanna , Calvo Emiliano , Kim Joseph W. , Ascierto Paolo A. , Sharma Padmanee , Ott Patrick A. , Peltola Katriina , Jaeger Dirk , Evans Jeffry , de Braud Filippo , Chau Ian , Harbison Christopher T. , Dorange Cecile , Tschaika Marina , Le Dung T.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

Metastatic esophagogastric cancer treatments after failure of second-line chemotherapy are limited. Nivolumab demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) versus placebo in Asian patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancers. We assessed the safety and efficacy of nivolumab and nivolumab plus ipilimumab in Western patients with chemotherapy-refractory esophagogastric cancers.

Patients and Methods

Patients with locally advanced or metastatic chemotherapy–refractory gastric, esophageal, or gastroesophageal junction cancer from centers in the United States and Europe received nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab. The primary end point was objective response rate. The association of tumor programmed death-ligand 1 status with response and survival was also evaluated.

Results

Of 160 treated patients (59 with nivolumab 3 mg/kg, 49 with nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg, 52 with nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg), 79% had received two or more prior therapies. At the data cutoff, investigator-assessed objective response rates were 12% (95% CI, 5% to 23%), 24% (95% CI, 13% to 39%), and 8% (95% CI, 2% to 19%) in the three groups, respectively. Responses were observed regardless of tumor programmed death-ligand 1 status. With a median follow-up of 28, 24, and 22 months across the three groups, 12-month progression-free survival rates were 8%, 17%, and 10%, respectively; 12-month OS rates were 39%, 35%, and 24%, respectively. Treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events were reported in 17%, 47%, and 27% of patients in the three groups, respectively.

Conclusion

Nivolumab and nivolumab plus ipilimumab demonstrated clinically meaningful antitumor activity, durable responses, encouraging long-term OS, and a manageable safety profile in patients with chemotherapy-refractory esophagogastric cancer. Phase III studies evaluating nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab in earlier lines of therapy for esophagogastric cancers are underway.
Quantification of cancer cell migration with an integrated experimental-computational pipeline
Authors: Juarez Edwin F , Garri Carolina , Ghaffarizadeh Ahmadreza , Macklin Paul , Kani Kian
Published: August 2018

We describe an integrated experimental-computational pipeline for quantifying cell migration in vitro. This pipeline is robust to image noise, open source, and user friendly. The experimental component uses the Oris cell migration assay (Platypus Technologies) to create migration regions. The computational component of the pipeline creates masks in Matlab (MathWorks) to cell-covered regions, uses a genetic algorithm to automatically select the migration region, and outputs a metric to quantify cell migration. In this work we demonstrate the utility of our pipeline by quantifying the effects of a drug (Taxol) and of the extracellular Anterior Gradient 2 (eAGR2) protein on the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells (a breast cancer cell line). In particular, we show that inhibiting eAGR2 reduces migration of MDA-MB-231 cells.
ЛАБОРАТОРИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ТЕЛА: ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ МОМЕНТЫ
Authors: Astashova Nadezhda Dmitrievna
Published: August 2018

Цель. Статья посвящена анализу изменения отношения человека к его телу под влиянием развития био-технологии в XXI веке. Ставится цель актуализировать этические моменты нерегламентированного научного вмешательства в естественную природу человеческого тела.Методология. Исследование основано на применении общенаучных методов (анализа и синтеза, сравнения, обобщения), системного подхода.Результаты. Делаются выводы о том, что тело человека, превращенное в лабораторию для технологических экспериментов, перестает быть вместилищем его внутреннего мира, а бурное развитие сферы применения медицинских технологий означает расширение границ лаборатории до размеров целого общества. Отсутствие жестких этических стандартов применения технологии в отношении человека ставит вопрос о возможности будущего существования человека в рамках его естественного тела.Область применения результатов. Результаты могут быть применены при планировании и постановке задач при проведении биологических и медицинских исследований, в социальной практике, науковедении.
ЭТНОРЕЛИГИОЗНАЯ СИТУАЦИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ КЫРГЫЗСТАНЕ
Authors: Tamara Chynalievnа Abdyldaevа
Published: August 2018

Цель. Статья посвящена актуальной в условиях суверенизации и этнорелигиозного Ренессанса в Кыргызской Республике теме этнорелигиозной трансформации общества. Объектом анализа выступают этнорелигиозные процессы, происходящие в постсоветском Кыргызстане. Автор ставит целью раскрыть основные тенденции становления поликонфессионального социума в этническом контексте.Метод или методология проведения работы. В своем исследовании автор опирается на диалектические принципы, восхождения от абстрактного к конкретному, синтеза и анализа, историзма, взаимосвязи и взаимозависимости социальных явлений и процессов.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор раскрывает этнический состав в конфессиональном разрезе в современных условиях становления независимости Кыргызстана, выделяя три основные зоны по этноконфессиональному составу населения. Анализируются основные факты активизации религиозных организаций и рассматривается роль и место новоявленных нетрадиционных религиозных течений в республике. В статье исследуются взаимоотношения государства и религиозных организаций. Выявляются современные тенденции развития ислама в Кыргызстане.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере совершенствования управления этнорелигиозными процессами в Кыргызской Республике.
MODELS OF LINGUISTIC COMMUNICATION (SOCIAL-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS)
Authors: Shmeleva Zhanna Nickolaevna
Published: August 2018

Цель. Статья посвящена социально-философскому анализу основных моделей языковой коммуникации и выявлению диалектического единства коммуникативной и информационной сторон языка, поскольку именно язык является атрибутом социального бытия вообще, и человеческого, в частности. Наиболее важными его «маркерами» являются информация и коммуникация. Чем сложнее и разветвленнее деятельность общества, и чем больше в связи с этим накапливаемый объем информации (научной, политической, художественной), тем более важную роль в процессе его функционирования играет языковая коммуникация. Она обеспечивает связь между людьми и их общностями, делает возможной связь поколений, способствует накоплению и передаче социального опыта, его обогащению, трансляции культурного наследия.Методология проведения работы. При проведении исследования автор руководствовался фундаментальными принципами диалектической методологии. В частности, единства логического и исторического, развития, всеобщей связи явлений и др. Центральное место принадлежит методу философской рефлексии, который в настоящей работе выражается в экспликации онтологических, гносеологических, аксиологических координат проблем коммуникации и информации.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор эксплицирует сущность лингвистических моделей коммуникации, выявляя факторы, влияющие на понимание в процессе коммуникации, и обосновывает взаимопереход и взаимопроникновение информационных и коммуникативных сторон языка.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования помогут углубить наши представления о феномене языка, систематизировать его информационно-коммуникативную природу.
КОНЦЕПТ FAMILY (СЕМЬЯ) В РОМАНЕ М. ПЬЮЗО «КРЕСТНЫЙ ОТЕЦ»
Authors: Omarova Patimat Magomedovna , Akhmedova Zukhra Garunovna
Published: August 2018

Цель. В статье анализируется художественный концепт FAMILY и его репрезентация в романе М. Пьюзо «Крестный отец».Методология проведения работы. Исследование проводилось с использованием контекстуального, интерпретационного и описательного методов.Результаты. Результаты работы показали, что в анализируемом романе концепт FAMILY объективируется по-разному. Содержание концепта шире содержания понятия «family» (семья), традиционно представленного в лексикографических источниках и в языковой картине мира. Помимо основных репрезентаций («семья – дом», «семья – кровные родственники»), концепт «семья» представлен в романе как организация (отдельное государство), члены организации (мафии), опора, бизнес, а также метафорическими репрезентациями «семья – империя, королевство», «семья – механизм».Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при изучении художественных концептов и способов их языковой репрезентации.
ИРОНИЯ КАК СРЕДСТВО СОЗДАНИЯ КОМИЧЕСКОГО ЭФФЕКТА В ТЕКСТЕ: НЕРЕФЛЕКСИВНАЯ И РЕФЛЕКСИВНАЯ ИРОНИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНОЧНОСТЬ В ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫХ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯХ А.Т. АВЕРЧЕНКО
Authors: Kucheryavykh Yulia Nikolaevna
Published: August 2018

Цель: Статья посвящена исследованию особенностей формирования и функционирования иронии в узком смысле как приема, основанного на собственно языковых средствах. Важность значения данного явления определяется созданным ироническим смыслом, учитывающим экстралингвистические компоненты, особенности языковой личности, подтекст и т.д. Поскольку в основе иронии находится контекст, подтекст и двуплановость содержания, понимание которых возможно при учете собственно лингвистического и экстралингвистического компонентов, то уместно различать нерефлексивную и рефлексивную ироническую оценочность. Разнообразие приемов создания иронической оценки в художественных текстах писателя позволяет утверждать, что ирония зависит от языковой личности писателя, его речевых склонностей к языковой игре, отражающихся, в том числе, в соотношении собственно лингвистических и несобственно лингвистических средств репрезентации оценочности в художественном тексте.Метод или методология проведения работы. Методологическими основаниями являются: постулат о деятельностном характере языка, постулат об антропоцентричности языка, а также системный подход, основанный на принципе рассмотрения текста как целостности в единстве всех его взаимосвязей. С целью комплексного исследования прозы Аркадия Аверченко применяются лингвокогнитивный, лингвокультурологический, лингвопрагматический подходы; методы частотного и контекстуального анализа, интерпретативный метод и метод семантического анализа.Результаты. Представленные в художественной прозе А.Т. Аверченко приемы, способы и средства создания языковой игры, комического эффекта, иронической оценочности на различных уровнях языковой и внеязыковой систем, по мнению автора, являются элементами художественной действительности, создающими окказиональные связи, сочетание и взаимодействие которых в художественном контексте формирует новые необычные значения, толкования и оценки.Область применения результатов. Материалы статьи могут быть использованы при чтении спецкурсов и спецсеминаров, посвященных проблемам идиостиля писателя, анализу художественного текста, интерпретации скрытых смыслов. При подготовке лекционных и практических занятий по языкознанию, речевой коммуникации, стилистике, русской литературе, лингвокультурологии, а также при написании выпускных квалификационных работ, магистерских диссертаций.
Marx na Europa do século XX | Marx in 20th Century Europe
Authors: Varela Raquel , Barros Roberto Della Santa
Published: August 2018

Com muita frequência é possível encontrar análises sobre a história europeia do séc. XX que não passam de justificações ideológicas do tempo presente, seja a partir de pressupostos a orbitar Washington ou premissas irradiadas desde Moscou, isso para não mencionar as teses pós-modernas ou neoconservadoras. Argumentamos nesse artigo que, para retomar a iniciativa e a luta pela autodeterminação dos trabalhadores e povos europeus, é preciso, também, uma nova escrita da história europeia recente. Nada disso é possível sem levar em conta a tradição intelectual e o movimento político que tem lugar a partir do legado de Karl Marx.Palavras-chave: Marx; Europa; história social; autodeterminação. Abstract −It is often possible to find analyses of 20th-century European history that are no more than ideological justifications of the present, whether asserting assumptions from Washington or premises from Moscow, not to mention postmodern or neoconservative theses. We argue in this article that in order to resume the initiative and struggle for the self-determination of European workers and peoples, a new writing of recent European history is also required. None of this is possible without taking into account the intellectual tradition and the political movement that emerged from the legacy of Karl Marx.Keywords: Marx; Europe; social history; self-determination.
Questão agrária: capitalismo e proletarização rural no Brasil | Agrarian question: capitalism and rural proletarization in Brazil
Authors: Almeida José Amilton de , Bezerra Cristina Simões
Published: August 2018

O objeto desse estudo trata-se da questão agrária no Brasil. O objetivo principal consistiu em analisar as determinações agrárias que nos envolvem no quadro das transformações universais do capital, precisamente aquelas que dizem respeito ao processo de proletarização rural. Para isso, partimos da análise de Marx sobre a acumulação primitiva, com contribuições de Ellen Wood e de outras referências da tradição marxista, dentre as quais intérpretes da realidade nacional, tomadas como fios condutores à apreensão do papel que cumpre à questão agrária na estruturação do capitalismo brasileiro. A metodologia baseou-se, principalmente, em pesquisa bibliográfica e análise teórica, cujos resultados nos levam a considerar a economia capitalista agrária brasileira como uma das principais responsáveis pela difusão das desigualdades e dos conflitos sociais de nossos tempos.Palavras-Chave: acumulação primitiva; questão agrária; proletariado rural; capitalismo. Abstract – The agrarian question in Brazil is the object of this study, whose main objective was to analyze the agrarian determinations that involve us in the framework of the universal transformations of capital, specifically those that concern the process of rural proletarization. For this, we start with Marx’s analysis of primitive accumulation, with contributions by Ellen Wood of other references of the Marxist tradition, among which interpreters of the national situation, taken as guiding principles to the understading of the agrarian question in the structuring of Brazilian capitalism. The methodology was based mainly on bibliographical research and theoretical analysis, whose results led us to consider the Brazilian agrarian capitalist economy as one of the main responsible for the propagation of inequalities and social conflicts in our times.Keywords: primitive accumulation; agrarian question; rural proletariat; capitalism.
Os Direitos Humanos em Sobre a questão judaica de Karl Marx | Human rights in Karl Marx’s “On the Jewish Question”
Authors: Santos Leonardo Moreira dos
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo busca apresentar brevemente a análise marxiana acerca do papel dos direitos em geral e dos Direitos Humanos em particular, para, a partir daí, elucidar qual o lugar das reflexões contidas na obra Sobre a questão judaica (1844), relacionando-as com o conjunto das ideias do autor sobre o referido tema. Por último, faz uma breve análise das possibilidades e limites de interação entre marxismo e Direitos Humanos, além de apontar a atualidade desses temas. A metodologia adotada é a revisão de literatura com base em pesquisa sobre a temática.Palavras-Chave: Direitos Humanos; Sobre a Questão Judaica; Karl Marx. Abstract: This article aims to present briefly the Marxian analysis of the role of rights in general, and of human rights in particular, to then elucidate the place of reflections contained in the essay “On the Jewish Question” (1844), relating them to the set of the author’s ideas on the subject. Finally, it analyses in passing the possibilities and limits of interaction between Marxism and human rights, besides pointing out the relevance of these themes. The methodology used is literature review based on research on the theme.Keywords: human rights; On the Jewish Question; Karl Marx.
Islamic Radicalism in Southeast Asia: With Special Reference to the Alleged Terrorist Organization, Jamā'ah Islāmiyah
Authors: Muzakki Akh
Published: August 2018

Pemboman WTC 11 September 2001 telah melahirkan sebuah stigmaterhadap Islam, yaitu teroris dan al-Qaeda sebagai tertaduh. Di AsiaTenggara, kasus bom Bali juga mengidentifikasi adanya jaringan al-Qaedayang kemudian dikenal dengan nama Jama'ah Islamiyah. Banyak teori yangdikemukakan oleh ilmuwan-ilmuwan di berbagai belahan dunia tentangfenomena radikalisme Islam ini. Di antara teori tersebut mengatakanbahwa radikalisme agama yang terjadi di berbagai belahan duniamerupakan resistensi agama terhadap lsu modernisasi dunia. Di AsiaTenggara, munculnya radikalisme Islam lebib dipicu oleh sikap sikappermerintah terhadap umat Islam. Walaupun demikian, Jama'ah Islamiyahtetap merupakan misteri; eksistensinya tidak bisa dibuktikan, namunfenomenanya ada di mana-mana. Banyak pihak akhirnya mengaitkankeberadaan Jama'ah Islamiyah dengan keberadaan berbagai pesantrengaris keras di Indonesia. Artikel ini berusaha untuk mengidentifikasihubungan antara keberadaan organisasi Jama'ab Islamiyab dengatkelompok-kelompok teroris yang akhir-akhir ini telah memperburuk citraIslam.
Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Indonesian Diabetic Patients with Foot Ulcers
Authors: Sari Yunita , Purnawan Iwan , Taufik Agis , Sumeru Annas
Published: August 2018

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer will cause a reduction in quality of life (QOL), high care burden, and even mortality. An assessment of QOL and associated factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcer is important to provide evidence for establishing a care plan program for such patients. However, up to the present, there is no evidence of a published study that investigates the QOL and its associated factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcer in Indonesia.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the QOL in patients with diabetic foot ulcer in each domain and investigate the factors associated with this condition.Methods: The design of this study was a cross-sectional study. The total sample for this study was 55 patients. The QOL data were collected using a Diabetic Foot Ulcer Scale questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test.Results: The result showed that the QOL in the domains of emotions, positive compliance, family life, and friend were high, while the QOL in the domains of daily activities, physical health, leisure, finances, positive attitude, and treatment ranged from low to average. Significant differences were found between income (p=0.004), grade of the wound (p=0.047), number of wounds (p=0.029), and blood glucose (p=0.013) with QOL of patients. Other variables did not have a significant relationship with QOL, but marital status had a significant correlation with the domain of leisure (p=0.004) and duration of the ulcer had a significant correlation with the domain of emotions (p=0.001)Conclusion: There is a correlation between income, grade of the wound, the number of wounds, and blood glucose with QOL of patients with a diabetic foot ulcer. This study recommends to take into account economic status, grade and number of wound, and blood glucose level in order to improve the QOL of patients for an effective patient care plan.
Evaluation of the Tolerance to Temperature and Salinity on Seed Germination of Three Lamiacea from Algerian Scrubland
Authors: Dadach Mohammed , Mehdadi Zoheir , Adjouj Abd Latif
Published: August 2018

Global warming and soil salinity are major constraints threat speared of Mediterranean endogenous flora, however little is known about the effect of these phenomena on seed germination patterns, particularly in Algeria. Germination test under laboratory controlled conditions had been carried out using seeds of Marrubium vulgare, Sideritis incana and Stachys ocymastrum. Seeds were submitted at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C, after that and within optimum temperatures, various sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations of 0, 34, 68, 102 and 136 mM were set to evaluated salinity effect. Germination was more satisfactory on temperatures ranged between 15 and 25 °C. Whereas, increased or decreased temperatures from the optimum bring to germination fall. High seed germination capacity had been showed on non-saline solution. While, germination had depressed by enhanced NaCl solution up to 136 Mm in which Final Germination Percentage are either significantly decreased (for S. ocymastrum seeds 18% germination) or absolutely inhibited (for M. vulgare and S. incana seeds), as well Initial Germination Day are delayed. Overall, data showed that germination patterns response varies among species, given that seed germination is remarkably limited by extremes temperatures and salinity.
Indigenous Peoples, Political Economists and the Tragedy of the Commons
Authors: Morin Michel
Published: August 2018

In “The Tragedy of the Commons,” Garrett Hardin implicitly moved from bounded commons — a pasture or a tribe’s territory — to the case of boundless commons — the ocean, the atmosphere and planet Earth. He insisted on the need for imposing limits on the use of these resources, blurring the difference between communal property and open access regimes. The success of his paper is due in great measure to his neglect of economic, scientific, legal and anthropological literature. His main lifelong focus was on limiting population growth. He could have avoided the conceptual confusion he created by turning to well-known political economists such as John Locke and Adam Smith or, for that matter, jurists, such as Blackstone. Instead, he simply envisioned indigenous lands as an unbounded wilderness placed at the disposal of frontiersmen. Though he eventually acknowledged the existence of managed commons, he had little interest in community rules pertaining to resource exploitation. For him, these were simply moral norms which inevitably became ineffective after a community reached a certain level of population. He also took economists to task for failing to include in their analysis the true environmental and social costs of public decisions. Still, the famous example of the indigenous people of Northeastern Quebec illustrates a shortcoming of his analysis: community members did not act in total isolation from each other. On the contrary, communal norms could prevent an overexploitation of resources or allow for the adoption of corrective measures.
Impeachment by Judicial Review: Israel’s Odd System of Checks and Balances
Authors: Dotan Yoav
Published: August 2018

This paper focuses on a doctrine that the Israeli Supreme Court has developed since the early 1990s under which the Court removes officeholders from their position by ordinary judicial review proceedings. Although this doctrine is not founded on any formal constitutional settings, nonetheless it has had a significant influence on the relationships between the judiciary and the political branches, as it was the basis for the removal of several major political figures — including ministers and top bureaucrats — from office.

The substantial rise of judicial power in Israel since the early 1980s has been documented by the literature of comparative constitutionalism. Yet this rise took place despite the lack of any meaningful formal constitutional guarantees of judicial autonomy in Israeli constitutional law. I argue that this doctrine of removal can serve to explain this gap. This practice of ‘impeachment’ by judicial review is unique to Israel. Therefore, it has hardly been studied by the comparative literature. It is, however, extremely common and influential in Israeli constitutional and political life. It also enjoys massive support from legal elites and the general public alike. I argue that one cannot understand the relationships between the courts and politics in Israel without taking this component into account. In this Article, I describe the development of this practice by the Israeli Supreme Court and its influence on the relationships between the courts and politics in Israel. I also provide a critical evaluation of the doctrine.
Euodia, Syntyche and the Role of Syzygos: Phil 4:2–3
Authors: Fellows Richard G. , Stewart Alistair C.
Published: August 2018

In Phil 4:2–3 Paul urges Euodia and Syntyche to unite with each other. He also addresses ‘true yokefellow’, and asks him to assist the two women. This paper disputes the almost universally held assumption that Paul was asking him to mediate a conflict between the two women. Rather, Paul is here calling the church leaders, Euodia and Syntyche, to have the mind of Christ and to foster unity among the Philippian churches, and the other church members to support them. The term ‘true yokefellow’ is a piece of ‘idealized praise’ and is Paul’s way of diplomatically correcting one or more church members.
Relationship Between Polymorphism of Adiponectin Gene SNPS+276 and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Li Songsen , Niu Xiaohua , Pan Guangjie , Chen Huili
Published: August 2018

Background: This study aims to investigate the relationship between polymorphism of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene SNPS+276 and the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: A total of 582 inpatients were enrolled and divided into Group CHD (342 cases) and the control group (CON, 240 cases), according to their angiographic results from June 2014 to April 2016 for the genotype (G/T) analysis of ADIPOQ SNPs+276 by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Results: Group CHD: GG 110 (32%), GT 205 (59%), and TT27 (8%); Group CON: GG 36 (15%), GT 161 (67%), and TT 43 (18%) (P < .05). The frequency of allele G in group CHD was 62.1% and 48.5% in group CON (P < .05). The frequencies of genotype GG, GT, and TT were 67 (33.3%), 107 (53.2%), and 27 (13.5%), respectively, in the group with single vascular lesion, and 64 (45.4%), 53 (37.6%), and 24 (17%), respectively, in the group with multiple vascular lesions. There was statistical significance between the two groups (P < .05).

Conclusions: The 276G gene of adiponectin may be a susceptibility gene of CHD, and the genotype GG may be related to the severity of this disease.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE LAPAROSCOPIC ESOPHAGECTOMY VS. TRANSHIATAL OPEN ESOPHAGECTOMY IN ACHALASIA: A RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors: FONTAN Alberto Jorge Albuquerque , BATISTA-NETO João , PONTES Ana Carolina Pastl , NEPOMUCENO Marcos da Costa , MURITIBA Tadeu Gusmão , FURTADO Rômulo da Silva
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Background: Open and laparoscopic trans-hiatal esophagectomy has been successfully performed in the treatment of megaesophagus. However, there are no randomized studies to differentiate them in their results. Aim: To compare the results of minimally invasive laparoscopic esophagectomy (EMIL) vs. open trans-hiatal esophagectomy (ETHA) in advanced megaesophagus. Method: A total of 30 patients were randomized, 15 of them in each group - EMIL and ETHA. The studied variables were dysphagia score before and after the operation at 24-months follow-up; pain score in the immediate postoperative period and at hospital discharge; complications of the procedure, comparing each group. Were also studied: surgical time in minutes, transfusion of blood products, length of hospital stay, mortality and follow-up time. Results: ETHA group comprised eight men and seven women; in the EMIL group, four women and 11 men. The median age in the ETHA group was 47.2 (29-68) years, and in the EMIL group of 44.13 (20-67) years. Mean follow-up time was 33 months, with one death in each group, both by fatal aspiration. There was no statistically significant difference between the EMIL vs. ETHA scores for dysphagia, pain and in-hospital complications. The same was true for surgical time, transfusion of blood products and hospital stay. Conclusion: There was no difference between EMIL and ETHA in all the studied variables, thus allowing them to be considered equivalent.
QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY USİNG BAROS SYSTEM
Authors: KIRKIL Cüneyt , AYGEN Erhan , KORKMAZ Mehmet Fatih , BOZAN Mehmet Buğra
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is currently the most frequently performed bariatric procedure in Turkey. The goal of weight reduction surgery is not only to decrease excess weight, but also to improve obesity related comorbidities and quality of life (QoL). Aim: To evaluate the impact of LSG on patient quality of life, weight loss, and comorbidities associated with morbid obesity according to the updated BAROS criteria. Methods: Eleven hundred thirty-eight adult patients were undergone to LSG by our bariatric surgery team between January 2013 and January 2016. A questionnaire (The Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System - BAROS) was published on social media. The data on postoperative complications were collected from hospital database. Results: Number of respondants was 562 (49.4%). Six of 1138 patients(0.5%) had leakage. All patients who had leakage were respondants. The overall complication rate was 7.7%. After a mean period of 7.4±5.3 months(1-30), mean excess weight loss was 71.3±27.1% (10.2-155.4). The respondants reported 772 comorbidities. Of these, 162 (30%) were improved, and 420 (54.4%) were resolved. The mean scores for QoL were significantly increased after LSG (range, p<0.05 to <0.001). Of the 562 patients, 26 (4.6%) were classified as failures; 86 (15.3%) fair; 196 (34.9%) good; 144 (25.6%) very good, and 110 (19.6%) excellent results according to the updated BAROS scoring system. Conclusion: LSG is a highly effective bariatric procedure in the manner of weight control, improvement in comorbidities and increasing of QoL in short- and mid-term.
Variability and genetic diversity study in an advanced segregating population of rice with bacterial blight resistance genes introgressed
Authors: Govintharaj Ponnaiah , Manonmani Swaminathan , Robin Sabariappan
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Bacterial blight disease of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is one of the most important widespread disease around the globe and can cause severe yield reductions of up to 30% of the total yield. Genetic variability was studied in 54 families of CB 174 R × IRBB 60 rice with bacterial blight resistance genes introgressed at the Department of Rice, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. Traits such as plant height and the number of productive tillers per plant were found to have negative skewness in this study, indicating the duplication of gene effects. Panicle length and the number of grains per panicle were found to have positive kurtosis, indicating gene interactions. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was slightly higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all traits, indicating that the observed variation was not only due to genotypic but also due to the environmental effect on the expression of these traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percent of the mean was observed for plant height. Moreover, moderate heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percent of the mean was observed for the single plant yield of rice. Cluster and principal component analyses revealed that the 54 F2:3 families were grouped into three clusters based on six agro-morphological traits. Clusters III and II had higher mean values for most of the studied traits than cluster I. Intercrossing lines from distinct clusters can be identified and crossed to generate larger variability to produce desirable recombinants for higher yield with a wide genetic base.