bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of In-vitro Antioxidant Potential, and Screening and Characterization of Phytochemicals Using hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Caesalpinia Pulcherrima
Authors: Ilangovan Akila , Raghu Venkatesh , Venugopal Ramesh , Vijay Narayanan , Yellasamy Yellapa , Venkatramanan Akshaya
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

Novel Therapeutic Phytochemical studies are based on the use of plants in the production of drugs. The present study was carried out to perform the screening of phytochemicals and their quantitative analysis to assess in-vitro antioxidant activities of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Caesalpinia Pulcherrima. FT-IR and GC-MS analyses of hydroethanolic leaf extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima were also conducted.

Methods:

The investigation of qualitative and determination of quantitative phytochemical analysis were performed using standard procedures. The total alkaloid, flavonoid, phenols, and tannin content were determined spectrophotometrically. DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity and ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) free radical scavenging activity of hydroethanolic leaf extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima were estimated by standard protocol. The identification of functional groups was made using plant leaf extracts by FTIR and GCMS.

Results:

The hydroethanolic leaf extract of Caesalpinia Pulcherrima gives positive results for alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, carbohydrates, tannins, amino acids, and proteins. The content of total alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins varies from 8.4 AE/g, 3.3 CE/g, 2.9, and 3.2 GAE/g, respectively. The antioxidant assay and IC50values were found to be DPPH (43.3μg/ml), ABTS (46.1 μg/ml), and ascorbic acid (41μg/ml), respectively and concentration ranging from 20 to 100 μg/ml. Functional groups were also identified using the extract by FTIR and GCMS.

Conclusions:

From this work, it can be concluded that the presence of phyto-component makes the plant useful in the treatment of various diseases. As such, it has been found that the hydroethanolic leaf extract of the plant contains more components and is beneficial for further research.
Research on an Enhanced Web Information Processing Technology based on AIS Text Mining
Authors: Li Canhui
Published: October 2020

Background:

Background: To improve the information efficiency in web text mining, filtration is
utilized.

Methods:

A web content mining technology based on web text mining, augmented information
support (AIS), is proposed for improving the web text mining efficiency. Additionally, the AIS
technology is applied to the Xiangshan science conference website, and AIS4XSSC text mining
system is developed. The developed system is tested for its efficiency, and its main functions are
discussed.

Results:

192 documents are represented by 8352 vectors, and 192×8352 vectors are obtained; the
similarity between 192 vectors is calculated using the cosine of the included angle, 192×192
symmetric matrix is obtained, and 35 categories are formed by hierarchical clustering by using
similarity between texts.

Conclusion:

The results show that the AIS technology can effectively extract information from a
large number of web texts. The proposed system improves information retrieval efficiently and can
provide valuable information to users.
Vaccine Development Against SARS-CoV-2: From Virology to Vaccine Clinical Trials
Authors: Kardani Kimia , Bolhassani Azam
Published: October 2020

An urgent vaccine development is required against the recent pandemic of a novel coronavirus.
Currently, there is no approved vaccine against COVID-19. Vaccination is proved to be the most
beneficial way to protect humans from infections. Several vaccine candidates have been conducted to
different phases of clinical trials, and more vaccine candidates are on the way to enter the trials. Different
vaccine types have developed, including inactivated virus vaccines, subunit-based vaccines, adenovirus-
vector vaccines, DNA-based vaccines, DC-based vaccines, and mRNA-based vaccines. The mRNA-
1273 was the first vaccine candidate that started evaluating in the clinical trial. Also, AZD1222 is the
first vaccine candidate that started phase II/III of clinical trials. Both of these vaccine candidates were
considered as promising vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2. This review aims to overview and
share various strategies to develop efficient therapeutic and preventive vaccines based on the origin, biology,
structure, and immune-evasion of SARS-CoV-2.
Data Object Exchange (DOEx) as a Method to Facilitate Intraorganizational Collaboration by Managed Data Sharing: Viewpoint
Authors: Hauser Ronald G , Bhargava Ankur , Talmage Ronald , Aslan Mihaela , Concato John
Published: October 2020

Background

To help reduce expenses, shorten timelines, and improve the quality of final deliverables, the Veterans Health Administration (VA) and other health care systems promote sharing of expertise among informatics user groups. Traditional barriers to time-efficient sharing of expertise include difficulties in finding potential collaborators and availability of a mechanism to share expertise.

Objective

We aim to describe how the VA shares expertise among its informatics groups by describing a custom-built tool, the Data Object Exchange (DOEx), along with statistics on its usage.

Methods

A centrally managed web application was developed in the VA to share informatics expertise using database objects. Visitors to the site can view a catalog of objects published by other informatics user groups. Requests for subscription and publication made through the site are routed to database administrators, who then actualize the resource requests through modifications of database object permissions.

Results

As of April 2019, the DOEx enabled the publication of 707 database objects to 1202 VA subscribers from 758 workgroups. Overall, over 10,000 requests are made each year regarding permissions on these shared database objects, involving diverse information. Common “flavors” of shared data include disease-specific study populations (eg, patients with asthma), common data definitions (eg, hemoglobin laboratory results), and results of complex analyses (eg, models of anticipated resource utilization). Shared database objects also enable construction of community-built data pipelines.

Conclusions

To increase the efficiency of informatics user groups, a method was developed to facilitate intraorganizational collaboration by managed data sharing. The advantages of this system include (1) reduced duplication of work (thereby reducing expenses and shortening timelines) and (2) higher quality of work based on simplifying the adoption of specialized knowledge among groups.
Predictors of Walking Activity in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure Equipped With a Step Counter: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gade Josefine Dam , Spindler Helle , Hollingdal Malene , Refsgaard Jens , Dittmann Lars , Frost Lars , Mahboubi Kiomars , Dinesen Birthe
Published: October 2020

Background

Physical activity has been shown to decrease cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Walking, a simple physical activity which is an integral part of daily life, is a feasible and safe activity for patients with heart failure (HF). A step counter, measuring daily walking activity, might be a motivational factor for increased activity.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the association between walking activity and demographical and clinical data of patients with HF, and whether these associations could be used as predictors of walking activity.

Methods

A total of 65 patients with HF from the Future Patient Telerehabilitation (FPT) program were included in this study. The patients monitored their daily activity using a Fitbit step counter for 1 year. This monitoring allowed for continuous and safe data transmission of self-monitored activity data.

Results

A higher walking activity was associated with younger age, lower New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, and higher ejection fraction (EF). There was a statistically significant correlation between the number of daily steps and NYHA classification at baseline (P=.01), between the increase in daily steps and EF at baseline (P<.001), and between the increase in daily steps and improvement in EF (P=.005). The patients’ demographic, clinical, and activity data could predict 81% of the variation in daily steps.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated an association between demographic, clinical, and activity data for patients with HF that could predict daily steps. A step counter can thus be a useful tool to help patients monitor their own physical activity.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03388918; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03388918

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/14517
REMOTION Blended Transdiagnostic Intervention for Symptom Reduction and Improvement of Emotion Regulation in an Outpatient Psychotherapeutic Setting: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bielinski Laura Luisa , Krieger Tobias , Moggi Franz , Trimpop Leonie , Willutzki Ulrike , Nissen Christoph , Berger Thomas
Published: October 2020

Background

Emotion regulation has been identified as an important transdiagnostic factor relevant to the treatment of mental health disorders. Many empirically validated psychotherapeutic treatments incorporate elements targeting emotion regulation. Most of these treatment approaches are conceptualized as standard face-to-face treatments not as blended treatments, which include an internet-based intervention.

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine, for the first time, a new internet-based intervention—REMOTION—that will be provided transdiagnostically, as an add-on to psychotherapy, to provide a blended treatment format.

Methods

A total of 70 participants will be assigned (1:1 allocation ratio) to either the intervention group (REMOTION + psychotherapy) or the treatment-as-usual group that receives psychotherapy alone. To maximize external validity, a typical outpatient treatment sample of patients diagnosed with a range of disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, and adjustment disorder will be recruited from a university outpatient clinic. Patients with bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders, or acute suicidality will be excluded from the study. The feasibility and potential effectiveness of the intervention will be examined by assessing data at baseline, 6 weeks (post), and 12 weeks (follow-up). The primary outcome is general symptom severity, assessed with the Brief Symptom Inventory. Secondary outcomes are emotion regulation, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, health related quality of life, well-being, and a variety of feasibility parameters. Quantitative data will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis.

Results

Participant recruitment and data collection started in February 2020, and as of November 2020, are ongoing. Results for the study are expected in 2022.

Conclusions

This pilot randomized controlled trial will inform future studies using transdiagnostic blended treatment.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04262726; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04262726

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/20936
Physical Activity Behavior Before, During, and After COVID-19 Restrictions: Longitudinal Smartphone-Tracking Study of Adults in the United Kingdom
Authors: McCarthy Hannah , Potts Henry W W , Fisher Abigail
Published: October 2020

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic led to the implementation of worldwide restrictive measures to reduce social contact and viral spread. These measures have been reported to have a negative effect on physical activity (PA). Studies of PA during the pandemic have primarily used self-reported data. The single academic study that used tracked data did not report on demographics.

Objective

This study aimed to explore patterns of smartphone-tracked activity before, during, and immediately after lockdown in the United Kingdom, and examine differences by sociodemographic characteristics and prior levels of PA.

Methods

Tracked longitudinal weekly minutes of PA were captured using the BetterPoints smartphone app between January and June 2020. Data were plotted by week, demographics, and activity levels at baseline. Nonparametric tests of difference were used to assess mean and median weekly minutes of activity at significant points before and during the lockdown, and as the lockdown was eased. Changes over time by demographics (age, gender, Index of Multiple Deprivation, baseline activity levels) were examined using generalized estimating equations (GEEs).

Results

There were 5395 users with a mean age of 41 years (SD 12) and 61% (n=3274) were female. At baseline, 26% (n=1422) of users were inactive, 23% (n=1240) were fairly active, and 51% (n=2733) were active. There was a relatively even spread across deprivation deciles (31% [n=1693] in the least deprived deciles and 23% in the most [n=1261]). We found significant changes in PA from the week before the first case of COVID-19 was announced (baseline) to the week that social distancing restrictions were relaxed (Friedman test: χ22=2331, P<.001). By the first full week of lockdown, the median change in PA was 57 minutes less than baseline. This represents a 37% reduction in weekly minutes of PA. Overall, 63% of people decreased their level of activity between baseline and the first week of COVID-19 restrictions. Younger people showed more PA before lockdown but the least PA after lockdown. In contrast, those aged >65 years appeared to remain more active throughout and increased their activity levels as soon as lockdown was eased. Levels of PA among those classed as active at baseline showed a larger drop compared with those considered to be fairly active or inactive. Socioeconomic group and gender did not appear to be associated with changes in PA.

Conclusions

Our tracked PA data suggests a significant drop in PA during the United Kingdom’s COVID-19 lockdown. Significant differences by age group and prior PA levels suggests that the government’s response to COVID-19 needs to be sensitive to these individual differences and the government should react accordingly. Specifically, it should consider the impact on younger age groups, encourage everyone to increase their PA, and not assume that people will recover prior levels of PA on their own.
Feasibility and Effect of the Exergame BOOSTH Introduced to Improve Physical Activity and Health in Children: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: ten Velde Gabrielle , Plasqui Guy , Willeboordse Maartje , Winkens Bjorn , Vreugdenhil Anita
Published: October 2020

Background

Despite the well-known beneficial health effects of physical activity (PA), the majority of Dutch primary school children do not meet the recommended PA guidelines. Although there is growing evidence on the effectiveness of exergames for PA in children, there is limited evidence on their effect on health outcomes, such as cardiovascular health and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and on factors influencing their effectiveness and feasibility. The exergame BOOSTH uses a wrist-worn activity tracker to measure steps per day. As a reward for the performed PA, children can unlock levels in the online BOOSTH game. In addition, “BOOSTH battle” enables competition between groups.

Objective

This protocol describes a cluster randomized controlled trial in 16 primary schools in the Netherlands investigating the effect of BOOSTH on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) using accelerometry. Secondary aims are to investigate the feasibility of BOOSTH (mixed methods: questionnaires and focus group interviews) and its effect on cardiovascular risk factors (anthropometrics, blood pressure, and retinal microvasculature) and HRQOL.

Methods

Stratification variables and relevant variables related to outcomes (such as BMI [z-score], sex, age, and parenting style) and/or missingness will be taken into account. Measurements will be performed at baseline and after 3, 6, and 12 months.

Results

The study has received funding from Province Limburg (SAS-2015-04956) and received ethical approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of Maastricht University Medical Centre (METC172043/NL64324.068.17). The results of the analyses are expected to be published in 2021.

Conclusions

With this study, the ability of the exergame BOOSTH to increase PA and improve health in children of primary school age will be investigated. The insights into effectiveness and feasibility will result in scientific and societal recommendations, which could potentially contribute to widespread implementation of exergames for children.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03440580; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03440580.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/24035
A Full-Scale Agent-Based Model to Hypothetically Explore the Impact of Lockdown, Social Distancing, and Vaccination During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Lombardy, Italy: Model Development (Preprint)
Authors: Giacopelli Giuseppe
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak, an event of global concern, has provided scientists the opportunity to use mathematical modeling to run simulations and test theories about the pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to propose a full-scale individual-based model of the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy, to test various scenarios pertaining to the pandemic and achieve novel performance metrics.

METHODS

The model was designed to simulate all 10 million inhabitants of Lombardy person by person via a simple agent-based approach using a commercial computer. In order to obtain performance data, a collision detection model was developed to enable cluster nodes in small cells that can be processed fully in parallel. Within this collision detection model, an epidemic model based mostly on experimental findings about COVID-19 was developed.

RESULTS

The model was used to explain the behavior of the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy. Different parameters were used to simulate various scenarios relating to social distancing and lockdown. According to the model, these simple actions were enough to control the virus. The model also explained the decline in cases in the spring and simulated a hypothetical vaccination scenario, confirming, for example, the herd immunity threshold computed in previous works.

CONCLUSIONS

The model made it possible to test the impact of people’s daily actions (eg, maintaining social distance) on the epidemic and to investigate interactions among agents within a social network. It also provided insight on the impact of a hypothetical vaccine.
Evaluating the representativeness of a small qualitative sample with data from the Diabetes Online Community on Twitter: a mixed methods study (Preprint)
Authors: Eiswirth Mirjam Elisabeth
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

There is a large amount of valuable and rich qualitative data from interviews or conversations about living with Type 1 Diabetes which could be used for qualitative analysis. However, especially if this data was not collected to answer one specific research question, data saturation and representativeness need to be assessed. Social media data from the Diabetes online community, for example from Twitter, can easily be collected to create a parallel corpus that can be compared with the conversations. This social media data covers a large number of participants and localities and can thus be used to situate the conversational recordings in question within a larger context. The present study puts forward one way in which such a comparison can be implemented, and discusses the findings.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to show how a collection of Tweets from the English-speaking online Diabetes Community can be used to situate a smaller set of interviews and conversational recordings about living with Type 1 Diabetes in the broader discourse.

METHODS

Two sets of data were collected, one from Twitter using hashtags common in the Diabetes Online Community, the other consists of 17 hours of audio-recorded face-to-face conversations and interviews with people living with Type 1 Diabetes in Scotland. Both corpora contain about 200.000 words. They were analyzed in R using common metrics of word frequency and distinctiveness. The most frequent words were hand-coded for broader topics using a bottom-up data driven approach to coding.

RESULTS

The conversations largely mirror the global diabetes online community’s discourse. The small differences are accounted for by the nature of the medium or the geographical context of the conversations. Both sources of data corroborate findings from previous work on the experience of people living with Type 1 Diabetes in terms of key topics and concerns.

CONCLUSIONS

This strategy of comparing small conversational corpora to potentially very large online corpora is presented as a methodology for making non-purpose-built corpora accessible for different types of analysis, situating purpose-built corpora within a wider context, and developing new research questions based on such a textual analysis.

CLINICALTRIAL

No trial registration was needed. Data collection was approved by the Linguistics and English Language Ethics Committee at the University of Edinburgh and an ethics approval waiver was obtained from the Scottish National Health Service. Participant data were anonymized using pseudonyms selected by the participants.
Self-Administered Behavioral Skills–Based At-Home Virtual Reality Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Garcia Laura , Darnall Beth , Krishnamurthy Parthasarathy , Mackey Ian , Sackman Josh , Louis Robert , Maddox Todd , Birckhead Brandon
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Chronic pain is one of the most common and debilitating health conditions. Treatments for chronic low back pain typically focus on biomedical treatment approaches. While psychosocial treatments exist, multiple barriers prevent broad access. There is a significant unmet need for integrative, easily accessible, non-opioid solutions for chronic pain. Virtual reality (VR) is an immersive technology allowing innovation in the delivery of behavioral pain treatments. Behavioral skills-based VR is effective at facilitating pain management and reducing pain-related concerns. Continued research on these emerging approaches is needed.

OBJECTIVE

In this randomized controlled trial, we seek to test the efficacy of a self-administered behavioral skills-based VR program as a nonpharmacological home-based pain management treatment for people with chronic low back pain (cLBP).

METHODS

We will randomize 180 individuals with cLBP to 1 of 2 VR programs: (1) EaseVRx (8-week skills-based VR program); or (2) Sham VR (control condition). All participants will receive a VR headset to minimize any biases related to the technology’s novelty. The Sham VR group had 2D neutral content in a 3D theater-like environment. Our primary outcome is average pain intensity and pain-related interference with activity, stress, mood, and sleep. Our secondary outcomes include patient-reported physical function, sleep disturbance, pain self-efficacy, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, health utilization, medication use, and user satisfaction. We hypothesize superiority for the skills-based VR program in all of these measures compared to the control condition. Team statisticians blinded to treatment assignment will assess outcomes up to 6 months posttreatment using an approach suitable for the longitudinal nature of the data.

RESULTS

The study was approved by the Western Institutional Review Board on July 2, 2020. The protocol (NCT04415177) was registered on May 27, 2020. Recruitment for this study was completed in July 2020, and data collection will remain active until March 2021. In total, 186 participants were recruited. Multiple manuscripts will be generated from this study. The primary manuscript will be submitted for publication in the winter of 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

Effectively delivering behavioral treatments in VR could overcome barriers to care and provide scalable solutions to chronic pain’s societal burden. Our study could help shape future research and development of these innovative approaches.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04415177; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04415177

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR1-10.2196/25291
Peran Resiliensi Karier sebagai Mediator antara Perceived Supervisor Support dan Employability Generasi Milenial
Authors: Adininggar Hanum , Indrayanti Indrayanti , Himam Fathul
Published: October 2020

Era disrupsi menuntut milenial untuk mengembangkan kompetensi dirinya (employability) agar mampu bertahan dalam lingkungan kerja dengan tuntutan pasar yang berubah-ubah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran resiliensi karier sebagai mediator dalam hubungan perceived supervisor support terhadap employability generasi milenial yang bekerja di sektor telekomunikasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara daring dengan melibatkan 218 pekerja milenial di perusahaan telekomunikasi. Employability diukur menggunakan skala CBME yang dimodifikasi dan terdiri atas 35 aitem, sedangkan perceived supervisor support diukur menggunakan skala modifikasi dari SPSS dengan aitem sebanyak 14, dan resiliensi karier diukur menggunakan skala CRQ yang dimodifikasi dan terdiri atas 19 aitem. Analisis data menggunakan teknik regresi secara bertahap. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui resiliensi karier memiliki efek mediasi sebagian (parsial) dalam hubungan antara perceived supervisor support terhadap employability. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa pengaruh langsung perceived supervisor support terhadap employability lebih kuat dibandingkan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui resiliensi karier. Keterbatasan penelitian dan implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini dibahas lebih lanjut.
Efek Moderasi Resiliensi terhadap Hubungan antara Perfeksionisme dengan Kecemasan Mengerjakan Skripsi
Authors: Diah Delila Nurbani , Lubis Fitriani Yustikasari , Witriani Witriani
Published: October 2020

Dalam proses menulis skripsi, adanya tuntutan dan standar yang ditetapkan dari luar dapat memicu mahasiswa menjadi perfeksionis dalam menetapkan standar pengerjaan skripsinya, serta diikuti dengan evaluasi yang berlebihan pada pencapaiannya. Hal ini menyebabkan dapat menimbulkan kecemasan dalam mengerjakan skripsi. Untuk menghadapi keadaan ini, mahasiswa membutuhkan resiliensi yang diharapkan dapat membantunya bertahan agar tetap menghasilkan performa yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek moderasi resiliensi terhadap hubungan antara perfeksionisme dengan kecemasan mengerjakan skripsi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 109 mahasiswa fakultas psikologi angkatan 2016 yang sedang mengambil mata kuliah skripsi. Perfeksionisme diukur dengan menggunakan Hewitt & Flett’s Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, kecemasan diukur menggunakan State Anxiety Inventory, serta resiliensi diukur dengan menggunakan Inventory for College Students Resilience. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan analisis regresi moderasi secara hierarki melalui metode uji selisih mutlak. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa self-oriented perfectionism (p = 0,051; p < 0,10) dan socially prescribed perfectionism (p = 0,000; p < 0,10) secara langsung memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kecemasan mengerjakan skripsi. Sementara, resiliensi tidak terbukti dapat memoderasi hubungan antara perfeksionisme dengan kecemasan mengerjakan skripsi.
Peran Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Work Engagement Karyawan
Authors: Mufarrikhah Jufi Lailatul , Yuniardi Muhammad Salis , Syakarofath Nandy Agustin
Published: October 2020

Work engagement adalah sikap yang menggambarkan individu secara penuh terlibat dengan pekerjaannya, baik secara emosi maupun fisik dengan menunjukkan perilaku yang penuh semangat, penuh dedikasi, dan penghayatan dalam menunaikan pekerjaan. Salah satu faktor yang dapat berperan dalam meningkatkan work engagement adalah perceived organizational support, yaitu persepsi karyawan mengenai dukungan, kepedulian dan kontribusi organisasi terhadap  kesejahteraan karyawannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji peran perceived organizational support terhadap work engagement karyawan. Subjek penelitian ini sejumlah 300 karyawan di bidang jasa dan produksi yang diperoleh menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan SPOS (Survey Perceived Organizational Support) sebanyak 13 aitem dan UWES-17 (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-17) sebanyak 17 aitem. Analisis data menggunakan teknik regresi linier sederhana dengan hasil perceived organizational support berperan positif terhadap work engagement karyawan (Nilai F = 152,442; p = <0,005). Adapun, sumbangan efektif yang diberikan oleh perceived organizational support dapat memprediksi work engagement sebesar 33,8%. Artinya, perceived organizational support terbukti memiliki peran terhadap tinggi rendahnya work engagement karyawan.
Maxiprocessos criminais, corrupção e mídia: uma análise a partir da operação lava jato
Authors: Boldt Raphael
Published: October 2020

O estudo possui como objetivo compreender em que medida os maxiprocessos, dos quais a Operação Lava Jato é uma referência paradigmática, e os meios de comunicação de massa contribuíram para a transformação do processo penal no Brasil. Desde o método dialético e de uma perspectiva transdisciplinar que assume os aportes teóricos da criminologia crítica, o trabalho será orientado pela seguinte questão: de que forma a articulação entre a Operação Lava Jato e a narrativa jornalística hegemônica sobre a corrupção contribuiu para a ressignificação dos elementos estruturantes do processo penal? A investigação assume como hipótese que a construção simbólica da realidade pela mídia e a ascensão da Lava Jato promoveram a mutação das fontes de legitimação do processo penal brasileiro, cristalizando a crença de que o controle eficiente do crime requer a expansão do poder punitivo e a introdução de novos métodos processuais que restrinjam os direitos e garantias fundamentais, como é o caso da colaboração premiada e de outros institutos vinculados à justiça negocial.
As Forças-Tarefas do Ministério Público Federal: o discurso político punitivo anticorrupção na instituição de garantias
Authors: Santoro Antonio Eduardo Ramires , Cyrillo Carolina
Published: October 2020

No presente trabalho investigou-se de que modo o discurso punitivo anticorrupção, que ensejou a formação de forças-tarefa do Ministério Público Federal, tem o potencial de comprometer a função normativa constitucional do Ministério Público como instituição de garantia. A hipótese original é a de que as forças-tarefas ensejam um conflito entre os esforços para persecução da corrupção e os direitos fundamentais estabelecidos pela Constituição. Por conta disso, apresentam potencial de instrumentalização política, comprometendo a vocação constitucional do Ministério Público. A investigação será normativa e crítica. A metodologia será a da abordagem teórica, numa perspectiva hipotético dedutiva e terá fontes bibliográficas, mas também documentais produzidas pelo próprio Ministério Público Federal.
Editoriale del Dossier “Il contrasto alla corruzione come strumento di lotta politica”
Authors: Orlandi Renzo , Capparelli Bruna
Published: October 2020

Tradicionalmente, segundo a gramática dos sistemas políticos-constitucionais modernos de civil law, os locais da política são o Parlamento e o governo; o Judiciário e o Ministério Público são regidos por outros princípios, os do mérito apurados com imparcialidade e em condições de igualdade. De um lado, o princípio eletivo, de outro, o princípio seletivo. Os juízes e os promotores se relacionam com a política apenas indiretamente, por meio da lei, a que Judiciário e MP devem obedecer. Parlamento e governo são os lugares da democracia, o outro é o local dos melhores, ou dos técnicos, ou da competência. No entanto, dogmas e conceitos que antes mantinham a distinção entre o que pertence ao judiciário e ao Ministério Público e o que, por outro lado, escapa ao seu domínio, tornam-se por sua vez elusivos e, para superar muitas dificuldades que derivam dessas ambiguidades, criou-se silenciosamente uma figura híbrida, a do “magistrado político” (o que, no sistema italiano, abrange a figura do juiz e do promotor). Passando pelo mito do “homem forte”, alimentado pelo espírito antielitista e pelo ressentimento social, até a atual ausência de gravitas na gestão das decisões coletivas, nas modalidades de formação da opinião pública e sua influência nas decisões políticas, neste editorial pretende-se refletir sobre os marcos interpretativos das transformações que estamos vivenciando - amplamente discutidas no sistema processual penal italiano - com o objetivo de estimular o debate sobre o tema da “luta contra a corrupção”, tanto em uma perspectiva geral, quanto, mais especificamente, em suas relações com o princípio de legalidade penal.
Introducing Life to “the Young, the Ignorant, and the Idle”: Eliza Haywood and Daniel Defoe as Popular Novelists
Authors: Castro Santana Anaclara
Published: October 2020

The remarkable commercial success of the novels of Daniel Defoe and Eliza Haywood in the first few decades of the eighteenth century testifies to a series of cultural phenomena that merit close critical attention. For instance, setting the overwhelming popularity of both writers during their lifetimes in contrast with the scant—though steadily growing—critical recognition accorded to Haywood in our time provides a succinct and vivid illustration of the vagaries of the literary canon. As can be guessed, the snakes and ladders in Defoe and Haywood’s game of fame had mostly to do with their gender, as well as with the genre of their most celebrated productions. Ironically, however, for good or evil, their contemporaries tended to put both writers together in the same basket. While professional critics belittled their talents in public—and perhaps envied them in private—the reading public seemed to have an insatiable appetite for their fictions. In short, Haywood and Defoe were fully-fledged popular novelists, with all the positive and negative connotations attached to this label. A key to gauging their place in the history of the novel lies, then, in the type of readers for whom they vied. This article reviews some of the correspondences between Haywood and Defoe—emphasizing their equality in terms of cultural relevance in their own time—with a view to complicate conventional assessments of Defoe as a star novelist and Haywood as a minor writer of amatory fiction, and to encourage reflection about literary practices then and now.
Dos métodos para la cuantificación de paraquat en plaguicidas tipo Concentrado Soluble
Authors: Pérez López Esteban , Barrantes Barrantes Ericka , Villalobos Landazuri Roberto
Published: October 2020

Introducción: En Costa Rica el paraquat es el tercer plaguicida más importado debido a que se aplica ampliamente en diferentes plantaciones. Esto hace que sea necesario tener un estricto control de calidad del producto para asegurar que cumple con el Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 34139-S-MAG-TSS-MINAE, el cual regula el registro, la fabricación, la formulación, el reempaque, el almacenamiento, la venta, la mezcla, la comercialización y uso, de materia prima o producto formulado, de los productos que contengan el plaguicida agrícola dicloruro de paraquat (Montero, 2018). Objetivo: Verificar y comparar los métodos normalizados 969.09 de la AOAC por espectrometría UV-Vis y el método respectivo del CIPAC por HPLC, con miras a garantizar que los métodos son apropiados para la determinación del plaguicida bajo las condiciones descritas, en un laboratorio químico específico. Métodos: Se siguieron los lineamientos descritos por el Ente Costarricense de Acreditación (ECA) para la verificación de parámetros de desempeño analítico en métodos normalizados. Se realizó en el Laboratorio de Control de Calidad de Agroquímicos, como requisito del último año del bachillerato en Laboratorista Químico de la Universidad de Costa Rica, Recinto de Grecia. Resultados: Los métodos por UV y HPLC demostraron ser adecuados para la determinación de paraquat, pero se recomienda someter a prueba con otros analistas, y de persistir el comportamiento, a una prueba interlaboratorial para definir el de mejor exactitud. Conclusiones: Ambas metodologías cumplen con los requerimientos establecidos por el ECA y la norma CIPAC para la validación de métodos de plaguicidas formulados, no obstante se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre los resultados arrojados por cada una de las metodologías.
Stem cells transplantation in the treatment of patients with cerebral palsy
Authors:   Romodanov State Institute of Neurosurgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Reconstructive Neurosurgery with X-ray surgery, Kyiv, Ukraine, T. Petriv , M. Tatarchuk ,   Romodanov State Institute of Neurosurgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Reconstructive Neurosurgery with X-ray surgery, Kyiv, Ukraine, Y. Tsymbaliuk ,   Romodanov State Institute of Neurosurgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Reconstructive Neurosurgery with X-ray surgery, Kyiv, Ukraine, V. Tsymbaliuk ,   National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2020

Cerebral palsy remains a significant problem today, despite scientific and technological progress. The high degree of disability and unsatisfactory quality of life of patients in this category, necessitates the search for and implementation of the latest treatments, one of which is cell transplantation. The use of regenerative cell technologies in the treatment of patients with cerebral palsy is extremely promising. Numerous experimental studies have significantly expanded the understanding of the mechanisms of the effect of the use of stem cells in cerebral palsy. Clinical applications of stem cells of different origins are safe, which is one of the prerequisites for continuing research in this area. This review is devoted to the use of regenerative cell technologies in the treatment of cerebral palsy, the current state and prospects of the approach to the treatment of cerebral palsy with stem cells.
Job crafting in Serbia: Serbian mixed-method validation of the Job Crafting Scale
Authors: Vukelic Milica , Petrovic Ivana , Cizmic Svetlana
Published: October 2020

The aim of the current study was to validate the Serbian adaptation of the Job Crafting Scale (JCS), applying both qualitative and quantitative approaches, within three studies totalling 832 employees from different industries. Job crafting is work behaviour aimed at modifying job tasks in order to enhance and maintain work motivation. In Study 1, we have tested the understanding of all items and their possible cultural embeddedness. In Study 2, we have tested the JCS factor structure, factors? reliability and validity. In Study 3, we have tested the invariance of the proposed models (Study 2 and Study 3 models) and criterion validity by analysing the correlation between the JCS and work engagement. Qualitative analysis has revealed that the majority of items transferred the intended meaning. Special care should be taken in interpreting the decreasing hindering job demands dimension scores, since these items might point toward behaviours that were not perceived as positive. With its overall reliability, second-order four-factor model invariance and criterion validity, originally composed 21-item JCS could be considered to be a valid instrument for assessing job crafting in Serbia. The present study has also shown that the 12-item JCS-Serbian short version has satisfactory psychometric properties and that it could be considered as a valid local job crafting scale.
Reconnaissance et signalement des autres mesures de conservation efficaces par zone
Authors:   IUCN WCPA Task Force on OECMs
Published: October 2020

En novembre 2018, les Parties à la CDB ont adopté, à l’occasion de la 14e Conférence des Parties, une définition du terme « autre mesure de conservation efficace par zone » (AMCE), ainsi que des principes directeurs, des caractéristiques communes et des critères de recensement d’AMCE (CBD/COP/DEC/14/8). Les AMCE peuvent être gérées pour de nombreux objectifs différents, mais elles doivent aboutir à une conservation efficace. Elles peuvent être gérées en prenant la conservation comme objectif primaire ou secondaire, ou bien la conservation à long terme peut être simplement le résultat dérivé des activités de gestion. Les AMCE peuvent contribuer à des réseaux de conservation écologiquement représentatifs et bien reliés, intégrés dans l’ensemble du paysage terrestre et marin, et ce faisant, générer de multiples résultats positifs pour la conservation. Le Groupe de travail sur les AMCE de la CMAP a produit ce Rapport technique pour aider les Parties à interpréter et à rendre opérationnelle la Décision 14/8, et pour commencer à élaborer un ensemble de bonnes pratiques en matière de reconnaissance des AMCE et d’établissement de rapports à leur sujet. Il a été conçu pour une application à diverses échelles, par exemple pour comprendre si une zone individuelle est une AMCE, ou pour établir des rapports statistiques sur les AMCE au niveau national et mondial afin d’évaluer les progrès enregistrés pour atteindre les objectifs de conservation.
Stakeholder Perceptions of Data and Analytics Based Auditing Techniques
Authors: Ballou Brian , Grenier Jonathan H. , Reffett Andrew
Published: October 2020

SYNOPSIS

Public accounting firms have developed reliable substantive tests using data and analytics based procedures to improve audit quality and efficiency. However, firms need to convince audit stakeholders that relying on data and analytics based procedures will improve, or at least maintain, audit effectiveness for them to be allowed and accepted. This study provides exploratory, experimental evidence to indicate how three key audit stakeholder groups—non-professional investors, peer reviewers, and jurors—perceive population testing and predictive modeling data and analytics based procedures relative to traditional sample-based substantive testing. Results suggest that while key audit stakeholders are generally open to or favorably disposed to the use of data and analytics based audit procedures, they also expressed some concerns about the appropriateness of relying on data and analytics based procedures, particularly predictive modeling, as primary sources of substantive evidence. This paper develops an agenda for future research to help firms better address stakeholder concerns.
A Framework for Auditor Data Literacy: A Normative Position
Authors: Appelbaum Deniz , Showalter D. Scott , Sun Ting , Vasarhelyi Miklos A.
Published: October 2020

SYNOPSIS

Many accounting firms are starting to re-align their audit processes to incorporate technology and Audit Data Analytics (ADA), as the traditional procedures would seem to not be sufficiently effective and efficient to meet evolving market expectations (Byrnes et al. 2018; Forbes Insights 2017, 2018). This paper provides commentary on how data analytics knowledge should be required of the profession. We discuss the current business environment, Big Data, and the existing data analytics efforts made by businesses. Regarding the complementarity of available data analytics tools and knowledge, it proposes a guideline for the content and levels of ADA knowledge and skills of auditors serving in different roles. Finally, suggestions are provided to facilitate the adoption of ADA and provide solutions to challenges in the CPA exam, audit standards, and education. In this data-centric business environment, acquiring the knowledge and skills of data analysis should be a current professional priority.
Working Longer but Not Harder: The Effects of Incentivizing Inputs versus Outputs in a Heterogeneous Workforce
Authors: Chan Eric W. , Kachelmeier Steven J. , Zhang Xinyu
Published: October 2020

To address the empirical phenomenon that organizations often reward time on the job as an end in itself, we design an experiment in which participants solve anagram puzzles, manipulating whether a compensation pool generated from the output of paired workers is allocated based on the individual inputs of relative time spent or on the individual outputs of puzzles solved. Relative to an output-based allocation, we find that an input-based allocation leads participants to spend more time on the task. However, when paired participants have widely different abilities, an input-based allocation also leads to less effort intensity, defined as puzzles solved per unit of time spent. We attribute these findings to fairness considerations, an interpretation we corroborate in a second experiment with purely individual incentives that finds the same effort duration advantage of input-based pay, but no offsetting disadvantage in effort intensity.

JEL Classifications: D91; J33; M40.
Plasma Metabolome and Circulating Vitamins Stratified Onset Age of an Initial Islet Autoantibody and Progression to Type 1 Diabetes: The TEDDY Study
Authors: Li Qian , Liu Xiang , Yang Jimin , Erlund Iris , Lernmark Åke , Hagopian William , Rewers Marian , She Jin-Xiong , Toppari Jorma , Ziegler Anette-G. , Akolkar Beena , Krischer Jeffrey P. ,   the TEDDY Study Group
Published: October 2020

Children’s plasma metabolome, especially lipidome, reflects gene regulation and dietary exposures, heralding the development of islet autoantibodies (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study enrolled 8,676 newborns by screening of HLA-DR-DQ genotypes at six clinical centers in four countries, profiled metabolome, and measured concentrations of ascorbic acid, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and erythrocyte membrane fatty acids following birth until IA seroconversion under a nested case-control design. We grouped children having an initial autoantibody only against insulin (IAA-first) or GAD (GADA-first) by unsupervised clustering of temporal lipidome, identifying a subgroup of children having early onset of each initial autoantibody, i.e., IAA-first by 12 months and GADA-first by 21 months, consistent with population-wide early seroconversion age. Differential analysis showed that infants having reduced plasma ascorbic acid and cholesterol experienced IAA-first earlier, while early onset of GADA-first was preceded by reduced sphingomyelins at infancy. Plasma 25(OH)D prior to either autoantibody was lower in T1D progressors compared with nonprogressors, with simultaneous lower diglycerides, lysophosphatidylcholines, triglycerides, and alanine before GADA-first. Plasma ascorbic acid and 25(OH)D at infancy were lower in HLA-DR3/DR4 children among IA case subjects but not in matched control subjects, implying gene expression dysregulation of circulating vitamins as latent signals for IA or T1D progression.
Pengembangan Website E-Arsip di Kantor Kelurahan Pabelan
Authors: Gunanto Ari , Sudarmilah Endah
Published: October 2020

Kantor kelurahan pabelan adalah kantor penyedia layanan Masyarakat di kelurahan Pabelan yang menyediakan berbagai surat-surat untuk membantu masyarakat di kelurahan pabelan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengambangkan sebuah sistem pengarsipan yang mudah, cepat dan tepat dalam menyimpan surat-surat yang masuk ataupun keluar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah waterfall, meliputi anilisa kebutuhan, perancangan, pengembangan, pengujian, implementasi dan perawatan. Hasil dari penggunaan sistem pengarsipan yaitu dapat mempermudah kantor dalam menyimpan dan mencari surat-surat yang masuk dan keluar di kantor kelurahan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian menggunakan metode black-box dari 12 poin yang sudah diuji hasilnya semua valid.