bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nichtlineare modellprädiktive Regelung für industrielle Semibatch-Prozesse
Authors: Schild Axel , Nohr Marcus , Bausa Jens , Hagenmeyer Veit
Published: January 2014

Die wachsende Bedeutung von Semibatch-Mehrproduktanlagen erfordert eine
stärkere Nutzung modellgestützter Prozessführungsmethoden zur
Steigerung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. Ausgehend von Erfahrungen bei der
Umsetzung mehrerer Advanced Control Projekte werden Erfolgsfaktoren für
solche Projekte definiert und Anforderungen an eine NMPC-Softwareplattform
für den industriellen Einsatz definiert. Dabei werden offene
wissenschaftliche Forschungsfelder ausgewiesen.
Peer Effects and Policy: The Relationship between Classroom Gender Composition and Student Achievement in Early Elementary School
Authors: Gottfried Michael A. , Graves Jennifer
Published: January 2014

The existence of gender peer effects has been well-documented, yet regarding estimates that are best-suited for policy formation, the literature finds somewhat mixed results. This article builds on the gender peer effects literature in a number of ways. First, we focus on early elementary school students, for which fewer studies exist. We also test whether effects in early elementary grades are subject-specific. Contrary to findings for older grade levels, we find that estimates by gender are subject-specific for the early elementary grades. Second, previous studies using similar estimation have focused on very different geographical areas, while this study makes use of nationally representative elementary school data for the United States. Third, we explore whether effects vary across grades, for which the existing literature finds mixed results. We find that the negative subject-specific effects of having a higher proportion of boys in the classroom increases in magnitude across grades, with insignificant effects in kindergarten, negative and significant by first grade, and larger negative and significant effects by third grade. Our findings suggest that a more balanced gender mix in the classroom is optimal for both reading and math comprehension for both boys and girls. However, regarding math performance, there is also suggestive evidence that a 100% separation of genders could improve girls’ math performance without consequences for boys’ math performance, motivating further research into single-gender subject-specific instruction.
Sharp weighted estimates for dyadic shifts and the A2
conjecture
Authors: Hytönen Tuomas , Pérez Carlos , Treil Sergei , Volberg Alexander
Published: January 2014

We give a self-contained proof of the A2
conjecture, which claims that the norm of any Calderón–Zygmund operator is bounded by the first degree of the A2
norm of the weight. The original proof of this result by the first author relied on a subtle and rather difficult reduction to a testing condition by the last three authors. Here we replace this reduction by a new weighted norm bound for dyadic shifts – linear in the A2
norm of the weight and quadratic in the complexity of the shift –, which is based on a new quantitative two-weight inequality for the shifts. These sharp one- and two-weight bounds for dyadic shifts are the main new results of this paper. They are obtained by rethinking the corresponding previous results of Lacey–Petermichl–Reguera and Nazarov–Treil–Volberg.
To complete the proof of the A2
conjecture, we also provide a simple variant of the representation, already in the original proof, of an arbitrary Calderón–Zygmund operator as an average of random dyadic shifts and random dyadic paraproducts. This method of the representation amounts to the refinement of the techniques from non-homogeneous Harmonic Analysis.
Internal–External Motor Imagery and Skilled Motor Actions
Authors: Fontani Giuliano , Migliorini Silvia , Lodi Leda , De Martino Enrico , Solidakis Nektarios , Corradeschi Fausto
Published: January 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the movement-related brain macropotentials (MRBMs) recorded during the execution of two tests of motor imagery: kinaesthetic (internal) and visual (external). Recordings were compared with those obtained performing a GO/NOGO motor test. The GO test required pressure of three keys of a modified keyboard in sequence when a figure appeared in the computer screen. On NOGO trials no button had to be pressed. Motor imagery tests were an internal or kinaesthetic imagination test (IN MI) on which participants imagined performing the pressure of keyboard buttons, avoiding any real movement, and an external or visual imagination test (EX MI) on which subjects were asked to imagine seeing their finger press the buttons. With the completion of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire, the participants were assigned into two groups: high (11) and low (10) capacity of imagination. The results showed an increase in the amplitude of the MRBMs wave occurring in the prestimulus period of imagination, with respect to real motor action. In the poststimulus period, the amplitude and duration of the waves recorded during motor action were higher than those recorded during the motor imagery tests. The comparison between EX and IN MI showed a lower latency and a higher amplitude of the brain waves recorded during internal motor imagery with respect to those observed during EX MI. The experimental data confirm that real motor activity is related to higher amplitude MRBMs than motor imagery. The profile of the waves recorded during internal imagery seems to be related to a higher brain involvement compared to those recorded during external visual imagery; it suggest that the kinaesthetic process of imagination is more efficient in information processing and motor skill acquisition.
A California History “No Longer Local”
Authors: Igler David
Published: January 2014

Author surveys the work of historian Adele Ogden.
THRA and DIO2 mutations are unlikely to be a common cause of increased bone mineral density in euthyroid post-menopausal women
Authors: Gogakos Apostolos , Logan John G , Waung Julian A , Bassett J H Duncan , Glüer Claus C , Reid David M , Felsenberg Dieter , Roux Christian , Eastell Richard , Williams Graham R
Published: January 2014

Objective

A new autosomal dominant disorder due to mutation of THRA, which encodes thyroid hormone receptor α, is characterised by severely delayed skeletal development but only slightly abnormal thyroid status. Adult mice with disrupted thyroid hormone action in bone due to a mutation of Thra or deletion of Dio2, encoding the type 2 deiodinase, have high bone mass and mineralisation despite essentially euthyroid status. No individuals with DIO2 mutations have been described and the adult phenotype of patients with THRA mutations is largely unknown. We hypothesised that screening euthyroid adults with high bone mineral density (BMD) could be used to identify individuals with mutations of THRA or DIO2.

Design

The Osteoporosis and Ultrasound Study (OPUS) is a 6-year prospective study of fracture-related factors from five European centres.

Methods

A cohort of 100 healthy euthyroid post-menopausal women with the highest BMD was selected from the OPUS population. We sequenced the intron–exon boundaries and critical exons of THRA and DIO2 in these subjects. TSH, free 3,5,3′-l-triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and bone turnover marker concentrations, and BMD measurements were available in all OPUS participants.

Results

No coding sequence or splice site mutations affecting THRA or DIO2 were identified.

Conclusions

Mutations affecting THRA or DIO2 are not a common cause of high BMD in healthy euthyroid post-menopausal women.
The Duty of the Physician to Care for the Family in Pediatric Palliative Care: Context, Communication, and Caring
Authors: Jones Barbara L. , Contro Nancy , Koch Kendra D.
Published: January 2014

Pediatric palliative care physicians have an ethical duty to care for the families of children with life-threatening conditions through their illness and bereavement. This duty is predicated on 2 important factors: (1) best interest of the child and (2) nonabandonment. Children exist in the context of a family and therefore excellent care for the child must include attention to the needs of the family, including siblings. The principle of nonabandonment is an important one in pediatric palliative care, as many families report being well cared for during their child’s treatment, but feel as if the physicians and team members suddenly disappear after the death of the child. Family-centered care requires frequent, kind, and accurate communication with parents that leads to shared decision-making during treatment, care of parents and siblings during end-of-life, and assistance to the family in bereavement after death. Despite the challenges to this comprehensive care, physicians can support and be supported by their transdisciplinary palliative care team members in providing compassionate, ethical, and holistic care to the entire family when a child is ill.
Ancient History, American Time: Chesnutt's Outsider Classicism and the Present Past
Authors: Barnard John Levi
Published: January 2014

This essay advances a theory of black classicism as a mode of resistance to the dominant narrative of American history, according to which the United States was to be a new Rome, rooted in the best traditions of classical antiquity yet destined to surpass its antecedent through the redeeming power of American exceptionalism. In the late nineteenth century this narrative reemerged as a means of getting beyond sectional conflict and refocusing on imperial expansion and economic growth. For Charles Chesnutt, a post-Reconstruction African American writer, the progress of American civilization was a dubious notion, a fiction suited to the nation's imperial purposes. In opposition, Chesnutt developed an outsider classicism, challenging the figuration of the United States as inheritor of the mantle of Western civilization by linking the nation to the ancient world through the institution of slavery—a very present relic of the past.
Electrokinetic biosparging of toluene in groundwater
Authors: Harbottle Michael , Tomkinson William , Lewin Geoff , von Loggerenberg Karl
Published: January 2014

Electrolysis of water occurs when electrokinetic techniques are used to remediate contaminated soils and groundwater. Under an electric field, generation of hydrogen and oxygen gases, and hydroxyl and hydrogen ions, occurs at the electrodes. By orienting electrodes vertically, oxygen has been generated at the base of aqueous solutions and saturated soil specimens, which then rises in the form of fine bubbles through the overlying media. Three sets of experiments were performed to explore the ability of this oxygen flow to encourage removal of dissolved-phase toluene by both sparging and biosparging. Low electric currents of 10 to 50 mA were found to be sufficient to generate appreciable quantities of oxygen. These, in turn, were found to stimulate more rapid growth of bacteria (Pseudomonas putida mt-2) in uncontaminated aqueous media with and without the presence of gravel. In addition, bubble generation was found to cause abiotic removal of the volatile toluene in coarse-grained soils (sand and gravel) but not in fine-grained sand. Finally, removal of toluene from aqueous solution was achieved through the combined action of sparging and enhanced biodegradation (biosparging).
Cross‐scale interactions: quantifying multi‐scaled cause–effect relationships in macrosystems
Authors: Soranno Patricia A , Cheruvelil Kendra S , Bissell Edward G , Bremigan Mary T , Downing John A , Fergus Carol E , Filstrup Christopher T , Henry Emily N , Lottig Noah R , Stanley Emily H , Stow Craig A , Tan Pang-Ning , Wagner Tyler , Webster Katherine E
Published: January 2014

Ecologists are increasingly discovering that ecological processes are made up of components that are multi‐scaled in space and time. Some of the most complex of these processes are cross‐scale interactions (CSIs), which occur when components interact across scales. When undetected, such interactions may cause errors in extrapolation from one region to another. CSIs, particularly those that include a regional scaled component, have not been systematically investigated or even reported because of the challenges of acquiring data at sufficiently broad spatial extents. We present an approach for quantifying CSIs and apply it to a case study investigating one such interaction, between local and regional scaled land‐use drivers of lake phosphorus. Ultimately, our approach for investigating CSIs can serve as a basis for efforts to understand a wide variety of multi‐scaled problems such as climate change, land‐use/land‐cover change, and invasive species.
Climate forcing of wetland landscape connectivity in the Great Plains
Authors: McIntyre Nancy E , Wright Christopher K , Swain Sharmistha , Hayhoe Katharine , Liu Ganming , Schwartz Frank W , Henebry Geoffrey M
Published: January 2014

Habitat connectivity is a landscape attribute critical to the long‐term viability of many wildlife species, including migratory birds. Climate change has the potential to affect habitat connectivity within and across the three main wetland complexes in the Great Plains of North America: the prairie potholes of the northern plains, the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, and the playas of the southern plains. Here, we use these wetlands as model systems in a graph‐theory‐based approach to establish links between climatic drivers and habitat connectivity for wildlife in current and projected wetland landscapes and to discern how that capacity can vary as a function of climatic forcing. We also provide a case study of macrosystems ecology to examine how the patterns and processes that determine habitat connectivity fluctuate across landscapes, regions, and continents.
Ecological homogenization of urban USA
Authors: Groffman Peter M , Cavender-Bares Jeannine , Bettez Neil D , Grove J Morgan , Hall Sharon J , Heffernan James B , Hobbie Sarah E , Larson Kelli L , Morse Jennifer L , Neill Christopher , Nelson Kristen , O'Neil-Dunne Jarlath , Ogden Laura , Pataki Diane E , Polsky Colin , Chowdhury Rinku Roy , Steele Meredith K
Published: January 2014

A visually apparent but scientifically untested outcome of land‐use change is homogenization across urban areas, where neighborhoods in different parts of the country have similar patterns of roads, residential lots, commercial areas, and aquatic features. We hypothesize that this homogenization extends to ecological structure and also to ecosystem functions such as carbon dynamics and microclimate, with continental‐scale implications. Further, we suggest that understanding urban homogenization will provide the basis for understanding the impacts of urban land‐use change from local to continental scales. Here, we show how multi‐scale, multi‐disciplinary datasets from six metropolitan areas that cover the major climatic regions of the US (Phoenix, AZ; Miami, FL; Baltimore, MD; Boston, MA; Minneapolis–St Paul, MN; and Los Angeles, CA) can be used to determine how household and neighborhood characteristics correlate with land‐management practices, land‐cover composition, and landscape structure and ecosystem functions at local, regional, and continental scales.
Influence of Microsatellite Instability and KRAS and BRAF Mutations on Lymph Node Harvest in Stage I–III Colon Cancers
Authors: Berg Marianne , Guriby Marianne , Nordgård Oddmund , Nedrebø Bjørn S. , Ahlquist Terje C. , Smaaland Rune , Oltedal Satu , Søreide Jon Arne , Kørner Hartwig , Lothe Ragnhild A. , Søreide Kjetil
Published: January 2014

Lymph node (LN) harvest is influenced by several factors, including tumor genetics. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is associated with improved node harvest, but the association to other genetic factors is largely unknown. Research methods included a prospective series of stage I-III colon cancer patients undergoing ex vivo sentinel-node sampling. The presence of MSI, KRAS mutations in codons 12 and 13, and BRAFV600E mutations was analyzed. Uni- and multivariate regression models for node sampling were adjusted for clinical, pathological and molecular features. Of 204 patients, 67% had an adequate harvest (≥12 nodes). Adequate harvest was highest in patients whose tumors exhibited MSI (79%; odds ratio (OR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–4.9; P = 0.007) or were located in the proximal colon (73%; 2.8, 1.5–5.3; P = 0.002). In multiple linear regression, MSI was a significant predictor of the total LN count (P= 0.02). Total node count was highest for cancers with MSI and no KRAS/BRAF mutations. The independent association between MSI and a high LN count persisted for stage I and II cancers (P= 0.04). Tumor location in the proximal colon was the only significant predictor of an adequate LN harvest (adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.9; P = 0.01). An increase in the total number of nodes harvested was not associated with an increase in nodal metastasis. In conclusion, number of nodes harvested is highest for cancers of the proximal colon and with MSI. The nodal harvest associated with MSI is influenced by BRAF and KRAS genotypes, even for cancers of proximal location. Mechanisms behind the molecular diversity and node yield should be further explored.
Estimation of Soil Thermal Properties in Two and Three Dimensions
Authors: Ross P.J.
Published: January 2014

Better methods of estimating soil thermal conductivity and diffusivity from temperature measurements taken in practical situations where the thermal properties vary spatially will aid both soil science and engineering. In recently published work, I presented a method for estimating these properties when they vary vertically and the system may not be in the periodic steady state. This study extended that analysis to two and three dimensions. Using numerical solutions of the heat equation for conduction in inhomogeneous solids, synthetic temperatures were generated on a fine spatial grid and used to verify that the methods were accurate for daily periods, even in the absence of the periodic steady state. Errors due to increasing the spacing of the generated temperatures and to ignoring lateral variations were investigated. Temperatures on coarser grids led to errors that ranged up to a maximum of 20% at spacings of 0.25 m laterally and 0.1 m vertically when thermal conductivity varied fourfold in one lateral direction and ninefold vertically. In contrast, one‐dimensional analyses on a fine grid with 0.01‐m spacing produced errors of up to 54% that decreased to 7% when conductivity changed laterally by a factor of 1.2 instead of four. This error could be reduced by inclusion of a few lateral temperatures. Analysis of synthetic data that included a sharp spatial transition in thermal properties showed that the method would still be applicable where abrupt changes of soil material or water content occur.
Short Fiber Reinforced Composite: a New Alternative for Direct Onlay Restorations
Authors: Garoushi Sufyan , Mangoush Enas , Vallittu Mangoush , Lassila Lippo
Published: January 2014

Objectives:

To determine the static load-bearing capacity of direct composite onlay restorations made of novel
filling composite resin system which combines short fiber-reinforced composite resin (FC) and conventional particulate
filler composite resin (PFC).

Methods:

Three groups of onlay restorations were fabricated (n = 8/group); Group A: made from conventional particulate
filler composite resin (Z250, 3M-ESPE, USA, control), Group B: made from short fiber-reinforced composite resin
(EverX posterior, StickTeck Ltd, member of GC group, Turku, Finland) as substructure with 1 mm surface layer of PFC,
Group C: made from FC composite resin. The specimens were incrementally polymerized with a hand-light curing unit
for 80 s before they were statically loaded with two different sizes (3 & 6 mm) of steel ball until fracture. Failure modes
were visually examined. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (p = 0.05).

Results:

ANOVA revealed that onlay restorations made from FC composite resin had statistically significantly higher
load-bearing capacity (1733 N) ( p < 0.05) than the control PFC composite resin (1081 N). Onlays made of FC composite
resin with a surface layer of PFC gave force values of 1405 N which was statistically higher than control group ( p <
0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in the load-bearing capacity between groups loaded by different
ball sizes

Significance:

Onlay restorations combining base of short fiber reinforced composite resin as substructure and surface
layer of conventional composite resin displayed promising performance in high load bearing areas.
Electrochemical biosensors as a tool for the investigation of DNA structure, damage and interaction with other molecules
Authors: Aleksic Mara , Kapetanovic Vera
Published: January 2014

In recent years, a great progress was achieved in the development of
electrochemical sensors for DNA sequences, hybridization and damage.
Nowadays, electrochemical methods are able to detect DNA at nanomolar
concentration. In addition, these methods are suitable for studding both
covalent and non-covalent binding interactions between DNA and different
small molecules, e.g. drugs or potentially mutagenic agents. This suggests
that electrochemical biosensors might become important tools in medical
research. The aim of this review is to draw attention to the applicability of
different electrochemical techniques for studying interactions between DNA
with other molecules, and in the design of new sensitive and selective
biosensors.
Electrochemical behavior and differential pulse voltammetric determination of ceftazidime, cefuroxime-axetil and ceftriaxone
Authors: Aleksic Mara , Lijeskic Nikola , Pantic Jelena , Kapetanovic Vera
Published: January 2014

The voltammetric behavior of three cephalosporins: ceftazidime,
cefuroxime-axetil and ceftriaxone has been examined in pH range 2.0-8.0 by
cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), using a
hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The effect of pH of the electrolyte
solution and scan rate on the peak currents and peak potentials was examined.
The nature of the electrode reduction process in acid solution was found to
be diffusion controlled for ceftazidime and cefuroxime-axetil, but strongly
influenced by adsorption in the case of ceftriaxone reduction. The adsorption
and reorientation of the ceftriaxone molecule at the electrode surface caused
instability of the voltammetric signal and disabled its determination in the
acid medium. Ceftriaxone adsorption decreased with the increase of pH, and at
pH>7 the reduction process became diffusion controlled. Based on this study,
DPV method was developed, validated and suggested for determination of
ceftazidime at pH 2.0, cefuroxime-axetil at pH 3.5 and for ceftriaxone at pH
8.0. Linear concentration ranges, limits of detection (LOD) and
quantification (LOQ) were determined. The method was applied for
determination of cephalosporins in pharmaceutical dosage forms: Ceftazidime
powder, Ceroxim tablets and Longaceph powder for injection solution.
Landspout across Novi Beograd, 24 may 2012: Synoptic analysis
Authors: Mihajlovic Jovan , Ducic Vladan , Buric Dragan , Ivanovic Rade , Ristic Dusan
Published: January 2014

In this study we have analysed a case of the landspout across Novi Beograd on
24 May 2012. We have used a synoptic analysis method in the research and the
description of the landspout event is based on visual evidence and
photographs. According to the available data, it can be concluded that there
were favourable conditions for a landspout development since there was a
process and an increased amount of instability. The landspout occured within
the northeast stream which moved over Belgrade and further toward the
southeast and west. Based upon synoptic data analysis, it can?t be said that
there was a cold air advection. Surface air was warm enough, but not the air
in the upper layers of the atmosphere. The conditions for a landspout
development were favourable - high relative air humidity and increased
vertical and horizontal air currents.
Energy products - one of supporting pillars of geopolitical power of Russia
Authors: Jeftic-Sarcevic Nevenka , Stojic-Karanovic Edita
Published: January 2014

The pillars of the Russian political power are as follows: nuclear power, the
United Nations veto power, possession and trade in energy products. In
comparison with other countries on the international energy market Russia has
enormous energy and mineral resources. It uses them as an instrument of
pursuing of its foreign policy and gaining regional and global power.
Building of the South Stream enables Russia to expand its power in the
Mediterranean, South Europe and in the African pipeline areas. Russia has
developed several projects covering a broader Euro-Asian and Mediterranean
area. In this way, it has positioned itself for a global energy acting
through which it attempts to achieve its aim of exerting its global political
influence establishing itself as a global energy super power.
International protection of intellectual property rights
Authors: Jankovic Dijana
Published: January 2014

The protection of intellectual property rights can be of a great importance
for the development of a society. It can contribute to strengthening of the
economy and improve the standard of living. The international community has
established standards for the protection of intellectual property rights
through relevant international documents, thus providing guidelines for the
improvement of their international protection. The states which are leaders
in innovation and creativity establish strong legal mechanisms that provide
the protection of intellectual property rights. It is generally accepted that
only the legal use of intellectual property can bring innovation and progress
to a society. It is necessary for all sectors, including copyright owners,
internet providers and advertising brokers, to cooperate with state
prosecutors in order to find practical and efficient solutions for the
protection of intellectual property rights. Types of intellectual property
infringement are usually manifested through illegal production, smuggling and
distribution of counterfeit products, through criminal offences involving
money laundering as well as trademark, name and copyright infringement.
Criminal investigations are thus focused on identifying, obstructing and
disabling international criminal organizations which deal with criminal
activities aimed at intellectual property infringement.
Development of a thyme essential oil formulation and its effect on Monilinia ructigena
Authors: Tanovic Brankica , Gasic Slavica , Hrustic Jovana , Mihajlovic Milica , Grahovac Mila , Delibasic Goran , Stevanovic Marija
Published: January 2014

Antifungal activity of thyme essential oil against Monilinia fructigena and
development of an effective and stable oil formulation for agricultural use
were studied in this paper. Bioactivity of the oil itself and its developed
formulation, an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), was tested in vitro and in
vivo. In vitro experiments, using a slightly modified agar overlay technique,
showed that the initially emulsified thyme essential oil, as well as the
developed formulation, significantly inhibited mycelial growth of M.
fructigena in vitro. Experiments in vivo, performed on inoculated apple
fruits, revealed that the formulation successfully decreased oil evaporation
from the treated area and provided a significant level of M. fructigena
suppression, 64.7-72.1% compared to the control. To our knowledge, an EC
formulation of thyme essential oil for agricultural uses had never been
developed before. The presented results are initial findings and evaluation
of product activity should be continued in the field to determine its
efficacy and activity spectrum, and to estimate the economic aspect of its
use.
In situ replacement of infected vascular prosthesis with fresh arterial homograft: Early and long-term results in 18 patients
Authors: Pejkic Sinisa , Jakovljevic Nenad , Kuzmanovic Ilija , Markovic Miroslav , Cvetkovic Slobodan , Cinara Ilijas , Kostic Dusan , Maksimovic Zivan , Davidovic Lazar
Published: January 2014

Introduction. Graft infection is rightly considered one of the severest
complications of vascular reconstruction. Treatment is non?standardized and
associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. The choice of therapeutic
modality depends upon variety of factors. One increasingly used option is in
situ replacement of the infected prosthesis with the arterial allograft.
Objective. The aim of this prospective nonrandomized study was to evaluate
the effectiveness and durability of fresh arterial allograft as in situ
substitute for the infected vascular prosthesis. Methods. During period of
2002-2005, 18 patients with the synthetic vascular graft infection underwent
partial or complete prosthesis removal and secondary in situ reconstruction
using the fresh arterial allograft, preserved under hypothermic conditions in
buffered saline solution with an addition of antibiotics. Results. In 14 male
and 4 female patients, meanaged 62 years, 8 aortic and 10 peripheral arterial
infected prostheses were partially or completely replaced with the allograft.
Operative mortality was 27.8% and amputation rate was 22.2%. Systemic sepsis
at initial presentation and highly virulent nature of causative
microorganisms were identified as significant negative prognostic factors (??
test, p<0.05). During the long?term follow?up (mean 47 months), allograft
aneurysm developed in three patients, requiring allograft explantation,
followed in two cases by tertiary prosthetic reconstruction. Conclusion.
Substitution of the infected prosthesis with the arterial allograft could be
successful if used selectively - for less virulent and localized infections
of extracavitary grafts. Close follow?up is mandatory for timely diagnosis of
late homograft lesions and its eventual replacement with more durable
prosthetic material.
Bilateral spontaneous crystalline lens dislocation to the anterior chamber: A case report
Authors: Jovanovic Milos
Published: January 2014

Introduction. There are various reasons for the lens dislocation. Spontaneous
dislocation of a clear lens is extremely rare, especially its dislocation to
the anterior chamber. Case Outline. The author presents a case of spontaneous
clear lens dislocation to the anterior chamber in both eyes in a patient
without the history of any trauma. Dislocation occurred spontaneously, first
in the left eye, along with a sudden decrease of vision. The ophthalmologist
found a clear lens in the anterior chamber, without any sign of an elevated
intraocular pressure, as should have been expected. The dislocated lens was
removed surgically (intracapsular extraction) with the preventive basal
iridectomy. Two years later, the same happened in the right eye: clear lens
moved spontaneously to the anterior chamber, with a decrease of vision, but
again without any rise of intraocular pressure and/or any pain. Intracapsular
extraction of the lens with basal iridectomy was done again. Conclusion. The
presented case demonstrates that spontaneous dislocation of the transparent
lens to the eye anterior chamber can occur in both eyes at different time
intervals. We suggest the removal of dislocated lens in the anterior chamber
by the intracapsular extraction.
Achalasia - two types in the same patient: Case report
Authors: Jovanovic Igor , Jovanovic Dragana , Ugljesic Milenko , Milinic Nikola , Cvetkovic Mirjana , Brankovic Marija , Nikolic Goran
Published: January 2014

Introduction. A paper presented a case of esophageal achalasia with both type
2 and type 3 achalasia found in the same patient. Case Outline. High
resolution impedance manometry of esophagus was performed. Liquid swallows
induced panesophageal pressurization (achalasia type 2), whereas viscous
swallows led to compartmentalized pressurization - distal two thirds of
esophagus (achalasia type 3). No complete bolus transit was recorded. Patient
refused any procedure. Conclusion. The aim of this paper was to show the
necessity of performing manometry using both liquid and viscous swallows in
GI departments where this approach has not been routinely used in order to
establish proper diagnosis since therapy approach is different between type 2
and type 3 achalasia.
Oral health and specific impact of caries on the quality of life of middle-aged people
Authors: Nogo-Zivanovic Dajana , Krunic Jelena , Kulic Ljiljana , Eric Jelena , Stojanovic Nikola
Published: January 2014

Introduction. Dental caries is still an important social health problem in
many countries. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and
impact of oral discomfort, particularly caused by dental caries on the
quality of life of middle-aged people as well as the association between oral
problems caused by caries and the current status of teeth. Material and
Methods. The study included 72 patients, age 25-45 years. Serbian version of
the questionnaire Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) was used to
determine the overall impact of oral health as well as the specific effect of
caries (SP-OIDP) on the quality of life. To determine the status of teeth the
DMFT index was used. Results. The incidence of oral health impact on daily
activities was 68.1%. Carious teeth affected food intake (40.0%) and brushing
teeth (31.0%) but had no effect on showing teeth and maintaining normal
emotional state. Caries was the cause of oral discomfort in more than half of
the respondents. Of all clinical variables only DMFT>22 was associated with
the SP-OIDP score after inclusion of socio-demographic factors in the
analysis (rs=0.273). Conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the
incidence of the effect of oral conditions on the quality of life is high
with most respondents showing difficulties while eating. Using specific
questionnaire it was noted that dental caries had a significant effect on
oral functions of respondents. Also, there was a significant correlation
between dental status and the quality of life of middle-aged people.
A mathematical approach to Ostwald ripening due to diffusion and deformation in liquid bridge
Authors: Randjelovic B. , Shinagawa K. , Nikolic Z.S.
Published: January 2014

From many experiments with mixtures of small and large grains, it can be
concluded that during liquid phase sintering, smaller grains partially
dissolve and a solid phase precipitates on the larger grains and grain
coarsening occurs. The growth rate can be controlled either by the
solid-liquid phase boundary reaction or by diffusion through the liquid
phase. The microstructure may change either by larger grains growing during
the Ostwald ripening process or by shape accommodation. In this study,
two-dimensional mathematical approach for simulation of grain coarsening by
grain boundary migration based on a physical and corresponding numerical
modeling of liquid phase sintering will be considered. A combined
mathematical method of analyzing viscous deformation and solute diffusion in
liquid bridge between two grains with different sizes will be proposed. The
viscous FE method will be used for calculating meniscus of the liquid bridge,
with the interfacial tensions taken into consideration. The FE method for
diffusion will be also implemented by using the same mesh as the deformation
analysis.
Role of acid-base interactions in synthesis of cordierite from talc and sillimanite group minerals
Authors: Avvakumov E.G. , Lepezin G.G. , Gusev A.A. , Vinokourova O.B.
Published: January 2014

It has been found that the mechanical activation of mixtures of sillimanite
group minerals with talc and silica additives in grinding-activating devices
with periodic and flow action provides significant acceleration of their
interaction with formation of cordierite at the subsequent high-temperature
treatment. It is shown that the output of cordierite depends on nature of
mineral: in mixture with a sillimanite it is considerably higher, than with
an andalusite and kyanite, while the rate of mullitization of these minerals
has opposite character. It means that the formation of mullite during heat
treatment is not a limiting step in synthesis of cordierite. It is shown that
the rate of reaction is determined by the difference in the acid-base
properties of these minerals, which depend on the coordination of aluminum
cations by oxygen ions, different for each of the modifications.
Microstructure development and phase evolution of alumina-mullite nanocomposite
Authors: Sedaghat A. , Taheri-Nassaj E. , Soraru G.D. , Ebadzadeh T.
Published: January 2014

In this work, alumina-mullite composites (5-15 vol.%) were prepared using
sol-gel derived alumina composite nanopowders. The results revealed the
formation of intragranular and intergranular mullites inside and between the
alumina grains, respectively. Accordingly, the intragranular mullites
(average grain size, 0.3 ?m) were smaller than the intergranular mullites
(average grain size, 0.5 ?m). Moreover, the alumina grains (average grain
size, 1.0 ?m) are larger than the mullites. Meanwhile, the mullites showed
positive results in the prevention of the alumina grains growth and the
retardation of densification. The relative density of alumina-15 vol.%
mullite that was sintered at 1650?C for 2 h, was obtained as 98.7 %. After
sintering at 1750?C for 2 h, the mullite was decomposed.
Annealing and doping concentration effects on Y2O3: Sm3+ nanopowder obtained by self-propagation room temperature reaction
Authors: Culubrk S. , Lojpur V. , Djordjevic V. , Dramicanin M.D.
Published: January 2014

In this report, structure, morphology and luminescence of Y2O3:Sm3+
nanoparticles prepared by self-propagating room temperature reaction are
presented. This new, simple and cost effective synthesis allows obtaining
desired phase composition by mixing appropriate amounts of yttrium and
samarium nitrates together with sodium hydroxide. A set of samples is
prepared with different Sm3+ concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 at %) in
order to observe changes of luminescence properties. Also, effects of post
synthesis annealing at several temperatures (600?C, 800?C and 1100?C) are
analyzed. For all samples X-ray diffraction showed that powders have cubic
bixbyite structure (Ia-3), and TEM analysis showed particles of less than 100
nm. Luminescence emission spectra clearly show peaks characteristic for
electronic spin-forbidden transition of Sm3+ ions 4G5/2?6H5/2, 6H7/2 and
6H9/2 centered at 578, 607 and 654 nm, respectively. Emission lifetime values
decrease with Sm3+ ion concentration increment, from 1.94 ms for 0.1 at% to
0.97 ms for 2 at%. In addition, enlargement of lifetime value is observed
when thermal treatment is done at the highest temperature due to the
elimination of luminescence quenching species from the surface of particles.
Creating of highly active calcium-silicate phases for application in endodontics
Authors: Colovic B. , Jokanovic V. , Jovic N.
Published: January 2014

The synthesis of active silicate phases by combined sol gel and
high-temperature selfpropagating wave method, is described in this paper.
They show a significant decrease of setting time and good mechanical
properties, which are very important for its potential application in
endodontic practice. Particularly, process of hydration of calcium silicate
phases is carefully analyzed, from the aspect of phase changes during their
soaking in water for 1, 3, 7 and 28 days. XRD and FTIR methods were used for
phase analysis of all samples, while morphological characteristics and
chemical composition of the given phases were investigated by SEM and EDS.
Microstructure and densification behavior of liquid phase sintered Cu-28Zn prealloyed powder
Authors: Sabahi Namini , Azadbeh M. , Mohammadzadeh A.
Published: January 2014

The present study investigates the effect of sintering temperature on
densification behavior and properties of liquid phase sintered Cu-28Zn brass
alloy. Microstructural evolution, chemical analysis and mechanical
properties measurements have been studied in details. Obtained results
allowed to accurately evaluating the sintering characteristic of this alloy.
It is especially relevant in sintered samples that exhibits a pronounced
variation of microstructure from top to down part of the specimens and
consequently graded densification which was due to gravitational effect.
The influence of organic modification on the structural and adsorptive properties of bentonite clay and its application for the removal of lead
Authors: Stojiljkovic S. , Stamenkovic M. , Kostic D. , Miljkovic M. , Arsic B. , Savic I. , Savic I. , Miljkovic V.
Published: January 2014

Organic modification of mineral clay using the monomer ethenyl acetate was
performed. The exchange of inorganic interlayer clay cations was achieved
using the cationic surfactant Genamine CTAC and Asepsol. Aiming to
investigate the influence of organic modifications on adsorptive clay
properties, dried composites of clay/ethenyl acetate, with different
percentages of clay were soaked in distilled water. The influence of the
temperature on the adsorptive properties of organoclays was also followed.
The adsorptive properties of the obtained composites of organoclays with
Luviskol, Carbopole and purine were investigated along with their capability
for removing Pb2+ from water in charged systems.
Vojvodina and direct taxes around 1925: Had any robbery taken place?
Authors: Mijatovic Bosko
Published: January 2014

The article discusses the claim made by the authors of the so called
autonomous option in Vojvodina that Vojvodina was excessively burdened with
high taxes or even robbed by Yugoslav and Serbian authorities in 1920?s, and
consequentially degraded and impeded in its development. Closer economic and
historical analysis shows that these claims are not true, and that they are
based on ignorance of the tax system, inaccurate data and poor reasoning.
Redefining the idea of human rights
Authors: Etinski Rodoljub
Published: January 2014

Human Rights are complex social phenomenon that includes political, legal,
cultural and economic dimensions and escapes a simple definition. Concise
retrospective of human rights documents of historic value as well as natural
law doctrine was used as a frame for determination of political importance
and function of human rights. Natural law definition of human rights was
completed by positivist critique. Human rights are seen as a legal expression
of interactions of individual needs and expectations on the one hand, and
readiness and capabilities of a state to satisfy these needs and expectations
and to create social framework for their satisfaction on the other. The
relationship between human rights and culture was discussed. A thesis on
equality of human rights in all different jurisdictions was qualified by
recognition of certain space - a margin of appreciation - left to states for
adaptation of international standards of human rights to local culture in a
process of implementation of abstract and general provisions of human right
treaties in domestic law. An appearance of international organizations that
interfere in human rights as well as an increase of extraterritorial effects
of state activities is a challenge to classic legal understanding of a human
right as the legal relationship between a state and individuals under its
territorial jurisdiction. International humanitarian law protects certain
human rights of individual outside territorial jurisdiction of states in war.
The UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has started to
consider extraterritorial effects of state activities in respect of economic,
social and cultural rights. International environmental law obliges states to
take care of extraterritorial effects of activities undertaken under their
jurisdictions. The time has come for recognition of an obligation of a state
to respect human rights of individuals outside its territorial jurisdiction
who are affected by its extraterritorial activities or by extraterritorial
effects of activities undertaken on its territory. It seems that an
obligation of international organization to respect human rights of
individual affected by its acts is not disputable.
Constitution of the Kingdom of Serbia of 1901.
Authors: Pavlovic Djordje
Published: January 2014

The Constitution of the Kingdom of Serbia of 1901 is usually perceived from
the standpoint of prejudices against the whole rule of King Aleksandar
Obrenovic or from the standpoint of his short implementation. This
constitutional text should be, however, interpreted in accordance with the
political situation in which it was implemented. This constitution was
systematically supported by Progressive party, and it had relevant impact on
the political life of the Kingdom. Therefore this paper presents the text,
its implementation and main laws regarding important political questions.
Parental investment from the child’s perspective
Authors: Solesa-Grijak Djurdja
Published: January 2014

The belief that a parent favors one child, has a significant impact on the
relationship between children and often is the trigger of the antagonism
between brothers and sisters. It is less important whether the child?s belief
is true or not than the fact that its negative effects can be experienced by
the whole family. The aim of this research was to determine whether there is
a connection between birth order and perception of interpersonal parental
investment. The sample was comprised of 155 respondents aged 18 to 33 years.
Among the respondents were 38.1% firstborns, 40% middleborns and 23.9%
lastborns. In the survey was used a Questionnaire of quality of relationship
between siblings in adulthood. Participants on the position of the firstborns
and lastborns in their families believed that they are the ones who get the
most of interpersonal parental investment, particularly affection and
closeness of mother and father?s support. Middleborns believe that parents
invest equally in all children in the family. Also, all respondents believed
that other brothers and sisters agree with their perceptions of interpersonal
parental investment. Research showed that there is a connection between birth
order and perceptions of parental investment and this could be a starting
point for a future research aimed at determining whether the relationship
between brothers and sisters is a possible consequence of the perceived or
actual parental investment.
Networked Environments That Create Hybrid Spaces for Learning Science
Authors: Otrel-Cass Kathrin , Khoo Elaine , Cowie Bronwen
Published: January 2014

Networked learning environments that embed the essence of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework utilise pedagogies that encourage dialogic practices. This can be of significance for classroom teaching across all curriculum areas. In science education, networked environments are thought to support student investigations of scientific problems, including the collection and processing of data, and construction of explanations and conclusions. Student engagement that involves thinking about and questioning key scientific processes and ideas is argued to address the challenges of making school science more relevant. In this article, examples from two studies are presented where New Zealand teachers employed networked technologies, including Moodle (a learning management system) and Wallwisher (an online notice board). These examples illustrate how face-to-face classroom teaching practices can be complemented with online learning practices. The CoI framework was used to examine how the social, cognitive and teaching dimensions of online student communities were similar and yet distinct to the face-to-face communities they belonged to. Findings showed that the CoI framework helped to unpack how networked environments created hybrid spaces where classroom interaction possibilities were extended, and new layers of knowledge construction added in support of students' growing authority and accountability for their learning.