bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Hydrological Vulnerability to Future Droughts in a Mediterranean Watershed: Combined Indices-Based and Distributed Modeling Approaches
Authors: Brouziyne Youssef , Abouabdillah Aziz , Chehbouni Abdelghani , Hanich Lahoucine , Bergaoui Karim , McDonnell Rachael , Benaabidate Lahcen
Published: August 2020

Understanding the spatiotemporal distribution of future droughts is essential for effective water resource management, especially in the Mediterranean region where water resources are expected to be scarcer in the future. In this study, we combined meteorological and hydrological drought indices with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to predict future dry years during two periods (2035–2050and 2085–2100) in a typical Mediterranean watershed in Northern Morocco, namely, Bouregreg watershed. The developed methodology was then used to evaluate drought impact on annual water yields and to identify the most vulnerable sub-basins within the study watershed. Two emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) of a downscaled global circulation model were used to force the calibrated SWAT model. Results indicated that Bouregreg watershed will experience several dry years with higher frequency especially at the end of current century. Significant decreases of annual water yields were simulated during dry years, ranging from −45.6% to −76.7% under RCP4.5, and from −66.7% to −95.6% under RCP8.5, compared to baseline. Overall, hydrologic systems in sub-basins under the ocean or high-altitude influence appear to be more resilient to drought. The combination of drought indices and the semi-distributed model offer a comprehensive tool to understand potential future droughts in Bouregreg watershed.
To Follow a Dream: Ethiopia
Authors: Dimitrov Vladimir
Published: August 2020

The author makes a concise survey of the Ethiopian history and art with an accent on the Christian cultural legacy. The article is an introduction to a more detailed travelogue / photo narrative that will be published in a next issue of SLEDVA.
Carta do modelado e das formações superficiais do médio vale do rio Parateí, SP – 1:25.000
Authors: Coutard Jean-Pierre , Pellerin Joel , Barros de Aguiar Marília , Coltrinari Lylian
Published: August 2020

Republicação da “Carta do Modelado e das Formações Superficiais do Médio Vale do Rio Parateí, SP – 1:25.000” e memorial explicativo, originalmente publicado em “Sedimentologia e Pedologia”, número 9, pelo Instituto de Geografia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, em 1978. Pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito do convênio entre o Laboratório de Pedologia e Sedimentologia do Instituto de Geografia / Departamento de Geografia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo e o Centro de Geomorfologia do CNRS - Caen, sob a coordenação de J.P. Queiroz Neto e A. Journaux.
Carta geomorfológica de São Pedro, SP – 1:50.000
Authors: Coutard Jean-Pierre , Dias Ferreira Rosely Pacheco , Pellerin Jöel , Queiroz Neto José Pereira de
Published: August 2020

Republicação da “Carta Geomorfológica de São Pedro, SP – 1:50.000” e memorial explicativo, originalmente publicado em “Sedimentologia e Pedologia”, número 12, pelo Instituto de Geografia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, em 1978. Pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito do Convênio entre o Laboratório Pedologia e Sedimentologia do Instituto de Geografia da USP / Departamento de Geografia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo e o Centre de Géomorphologie du CNRS sob a coordenação de J.P. Queiroz Neto e A. Journaux.
Una apuesta a la producción de subjetividad:
Authors: López Ortiz Carolina
Published: August 2020

da por la implementación de un Programa de Inclusión Juvenil municipal, destinado a un grupo de jóvenes varones de entre 15 y 30 años, habitantes de un barrio marginal de una ciudad del sur de la provincia de Santa Fe. Se toma como núcleo de análisis el dispositivo que se constituyó, con el objetivo de explorar los distintos aspectos desplegados en su desarrollo y los movimientos subjetivantes producidos en el transcurso del pasaje de los jóvenes por el mismo. Asimismo, se ilustra sobre la posibilidad de responder a la demanda política de inclusión de los jóvenes a través de la inserción laboral, con la instrumentación de un dispositivo direccionado por la estrategia clínica como apuesta a la producción de subjetividad.
Entrevista a Juan Carlos Volnovich
Authors: Comité de Redacción
Published: August 2020

Comité de Redacción: En este recorrido en relación a Gilou nos venimos encontrando con esto: como si ella hubiera tenido cierta alergia por las instituciones, por lo instituido, sin embargo, siempre estuvo como interlocutora, en relación a cuestiones institucionales, a preguntas, a trabajos, a pensar. Entonces, la propuesta es tomar este eje: ¿cómo era la relación, el modo, en que ella pensaba su trabajo de analista en relación a las instituciones?
STUDY OF PLACENTAL COTYLEDONS IN NORMALAND INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION(IUGR) PLACENTA
Authors: Dhabhai Pooja , Gurjer Harish Kumar
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare the Placental cotyledons in normal placentas and IUGR placentas.
Material and Methods-Research study, Department of Anatomy, R.N.T.Medical College, Udaipur. 100 control and 100 IUGR Placentas. 100 Placentas from normal control Pregnancies and 100 Placentas from mother who delivered Intra Uterine Growth Retarded (IUGR) babies. we refer only uncomplicated Pregnancies without any previous diseases. Placenta was collected as soon as possible after delivery and was examined for gross changes then it was fixed in 10% formalin for sections- later on for staining. Chi Square test was used for statistical analysis.
Conclusion: Less number of Cotyledons associated with low fetal weight
Como exterminar saúvas: lições sobre uma praga nos reclames de formicidas
Authors: Silva Valéria Mara da
Published: August 2020

Desde o início da colonização portuguesa, as formigas saúvas (Atta spp) foram consideradas um grave problema da agricultura brasileira. Ao longo do tempo, vários métodos de combate foram criados. Porém, na concepção de cientistas, agricultores, políticos e outros segmentos, a solução para o problema passava pela reformulação da agricultura como um todo. Enquanto no campo o lavrador lidava diretamente com as formigas, os debates transcorriam também na imprensa corrente, nos meios científicos e governamentais, envolvendo técnicas, ações e dimensões simbólicas. Considerando tais aspectos, esse artigo tem por objetivo analisar os debates acerca das saúvas entre o fim do século XIX e primeiras décadas do século XX, a partir das propagandas de formicidas veiculadas em jornais e periódicos agrícolas, que utilizaram os mesmos elementos para vender seus produtos e proclamar a salvação do país.
A quality of experience-aware cross-layer architecture for optimizing video streaming services
Authors: qadir qahhar muhammad , Kist Alexander A. , ZHANG ZHONGWEI
Published: August 2020

The popularity of the video services on the Internet has evolved various mechanisms that target the Quality of Experience (QoE) optimization of video traffic. The video quality has been enhanced through adapting the sending bitrates. However, rate adaptation alone is not sufficient for maintaining a good video QoE when congestion occurs. This paper presents a cross-layer architecture for video streaming that is QoE-aware. It combines adaptation capabilities of video applications and QoE-aware admission control to optimize the trade-off relationship between QoE and the number of admitted sessions. Simulation results showed the efficiency of the proposed architecture in terms of QoE and number of sessions compared to two other architectures (adaptive architecture and non-adaptive architecture ).
Resolução de Problemas no Ensino da Matemática: algumas considerações
Authors: Braga Eduardo Dos Santos de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho é um recorte da dissertação de mestrado do autor, intitulada por Análise de pesquisas que tratam das Resoluções de Problemas amparadas pelas novas tecnologias no ensino da matemática, cujo objetivo foi realizar um levantamento de trabalhos que abordem a proposta de associação das Resoluções de Problemas e das Novas Tecnologias no Ensino da Matemática, de maneira vinculadas. Porém, neste artigo de revisão, objetiva-se apresentar um quadro teórico a respeito da Resolução de Problemas no Ensino da Matemática. Para isso, primeiramente, investigamos o que vem a ser problema, apresentando algumas definições a respeito do assunto, atribuídas por diferentes autores. Com as conceituações postas, apresentamos um resumido contexto histórico da Resolução de Problemas e sua ligação com o Ensino da Matemática. Intenciona-se, com isso, mostrar que a matemática e a Resolução de Problemas estão há tempos vinculadas, uma vez que o início de seu conhecimento parte da necessidade do homem em resolver problemas. Posteriormente, fazemos um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o assunto, apresentando seus objetivos, suas inferências – tanto na instituição escolar, quanto na vida do aluno e do professor – e trazemos algumas considerações a respeito de seu papel como metodologia de ensino. Por fim, de posse das leituras realizadas, identificamos alguns desafios e dificuldades que poderão ser encontrados na tentativa de implementar a Resolução de Problemas em sala de aula.
Analysis of possibilities for manufacturing of largesized
powder parts of cup type on extrusion press with actively directed contact friction
stresses
Authors: Dmitriev A.M. , Korobova N.V.
Published: August 2020

Two options for manufacturing parts of the cup type from iron powders, which differ in the sequence of pressing
operations of the billet and its sintering is compared. The possibility of combining both of these technology
options in the one technological process is considered. According to the transitions of forming workpiece
on the created press with force of 6.3 MN the implementation of such technological process for the production
of part with mass of 4 kg 790 g is considered.
Features for formation of structure and properties of highstrength
steel 30KhGSN2A in production of liquid dampers
Authors: Muratov V.S. , Yakimov N.S.
Published: August 2020

The causes of premature failure of liquid dampers made of high-strength steel 30KhGSN2A and used on
vehicles are studied. Recommendations are developed on adjusting the modes of fi nishing heat treatment of barrels
and surface treatment of rods, providing improved microstructure and the required level of steel properties,
as well as reliable operation of the dampers.
Use of ultrasonic surface hardening in
modifi cation of surface layer
Authors: Semenova Yu.S. , Samul’ A.G. , Mazhuga S.V.
Published: August 2020

Overview of the research results got by various scientific schools in the field of application of ultrasonic surface
hardening is provided. Wide range of opportunities of ultrasonic surface hardening is shown for the application in
the preliminary machining of surfaces before thermal and chemical treatment, coating, and also as finishing machining.
The effect of the energy of ultrasonic vibrations on structure changes in the material of the surface layer
and on surface microrelief on parts performance is considered. The prospects of using of the ultrasonic surface
hardening method in combination with other methods of the material modification are presented. In addition the
possibilities of reducing the manufacturing cost of product by introducing ultrasonic surface hardening into the
technological process are shown.
Study of effect of
deforming element acting surfaces angle on characteristics of power dynamics of combined
hole mandrelling method
Authors: Shchedrin A.V. , Aleshin V.F. , Ignatkin I.Yu. , Chikhacheva N.Yu.
Published: August 2020

The effect of the deforming element acting surfaces angle on the characteristics of the force dynamics of the
combined deforming cutting mandrelling method of holes in the workpieces of various height and outer diameter
from steel 12KhN3A is studied.
Strengthening coatings on cutting tools (analytical review
of international conference literature)
Authors: Levchenko V.A. , Panfilov Yu.V.
Published: August 2020

Tendency of strengthening coatings on cutting tools processes evolution is analyzed. Manifold of strengthening
materials, strengthening coatings deposition methods, process and analytical equipment for coatings manufacture
and measurement of it’s properties is described. International standards for strengthening coatings on cutting tools
composition, structure and properties are presented.
On effect of surface hardening on impact and abrasive wear resistance of Hadfi eld
steel
Authors: Bolobov V.I. , Bochkov V.S. , Akhmerov E.V. , Plashchinsky V.A. , Krivokrisenko E.A. E.A.
Published: August 2020

On the example of Hadfield steel, as the most common material of fast-wearing parts of mining equipment,
the effect of surface hardening by plastic deformation on their impact and abrasive wear resistance is considered.
Wear test is conducted on magnetic ironstone as typical representative of abrasive and hard rock. As result of wear
of initial samples with hardness of ∼200 HB and samples pre-hardened with different intensities to the hardness of
300, 337 and 368 HB, it is found that during the initial testing period, the initial samples pass the “self-cold-work
hardening” stage with increase in hardness to ∼250 HB, which remains virtually unchanged during further tests;
the hardness of the pre-hardened samples does not change significantly throughout the tests. It is established that
the rate of impact-abrasive wear of pre-hardened samples is significantly (up to 1.4 times) lower than the original
ones that are not subjected to plastic deformation, and decreases with increasing degree of cold-work hardening.
Preliminary surface hardening by plastic deformation can serve as effective way to increase the service life of
fast-wearing working parts of mining equipment.
Extra- and intra-images of culture in national costume (on the example of the Republic of Dagestan)
Authors: Джафарова (Родионова) О.В.
Published: August 2020

Образы культуры, предназначенные для внешней (экстраобразы) и внутренней аудитории (интраобразы) состоят из территориальных особенностей и ассоциаций с ними, языковой картины мира и национального костюма, в котором все базовые элементы представлены в символическом ключе (цвет, форма, вид украшений). В статье рассматриваются внешние представления о культуре Кавказа на примере экранизаций и постановок повести «Бэла» М.Ю. Лермонтова, а также внутренние представления двух этносов Дагестана (кубачинцев и арчинцев) на примере трансформаций описания и осмысления национального костюма.

Images of culture intended for external (extra-images) and internal audiences (intra-images) consist of territorial features and associations with them, linguistic world-image and a national costume, in which all the basic elements are represented in a symbolic way (color, shape, type of jewelry). The article discusses external notions of Caucasian culture through screen adaptations and staging of the M. Lermontov’s novel «Bela», as well as internal notions of the two ethnic groups of Dagestan (Kubachin and Archinsk) through transformations in the description and understanding of national costume.
Present Perfect: Effects of Learning Environment
Authors: Watanabe Sato
Published: August 2020

In this study I investigated the influence of Japanese EFL environments on the acquisition of the English present perfect form by comparing Japanese native speakers who have lived abroad and returned to live in Japan (JRs) and those who have never been abroad (JNRs) with a control group of native English speakers (NESs). In Japanese classrooms, the present perfect is usually taught by focusing on three translation categories (completion, duration, and experience) along with certain durative adverbials (e.g., already, yet, and since). Using a gap-fill test, I looked at how Japanese–English translation styles, lexical aspect, and the presence of adverbials can affect learners’ use of the English present perfect. Results show more accurate present perfect use by JRs and NESs and the positive influence of the presence of durative adverbials. Pedagogical implications include the need for provisions of contextual support in teaching present perfect in the classroom environment
本研究は、日本のEFL環境における指導法がどのように現在完了形の使用に影響を与えるのかを調査した。日本のEFL環境では、現在完了形は完了・継続・経験の3用法に分類し日本語での説明を加えた指導がなされ、それぞれの用法に継続相の副詞表現を関連づけて指導される場合が殆どである。このような指導法の影響を探るべく、海外経験のある日本語母語話者（JR）、海外経験の無い日本語母語話者（JNR）、英語母語話者（NES）の3種類の参加者を対象に、現在完了形の義務的文脈内での使用に違いがあるのかを比較した。その結果、JRやNESが現在完了形を使用した文脈においてJNRは過去形や現在形を使う傾向が見られた。また、継続相の副詞が確認できる文脈では、JNRもJRも現在完了形使用がより正確になるなどの共通点も見られた。教育的示唆として、現在完了形使用が適切となるような文脈に関する肯定証拠を学習者に与える必要性などが提案される。
Do EFL Textbooks in Japan Cause Lexical Priming?
Authors: Nakayama Shusaku
Published: August 2020

The question of whether or not government-approved Japanese EFL textbooks lead Japanese learners of English to have a false impression regarding stative verbs is explored in this research. To this end, three kinds of language data are analyzed: the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), a textbook corpus sourced from all the government-approved textbooks for junior high students, and test results from 189 junior high students. Comparing a textbook corpus with the COCA corpus suggests that textbooks do not adequately reflect language patterns occurring in American English. Stative verb usage by learners is compared with that in textbooks, revealing that the longer learners are exposed to textbooks, the better their knowledge mirrors the contents of the textbooks; however, this correlation does not necessarily mean learner language development. Research findings attest that Japanese EFL textbooks treat stative verbs in a way that differs from real world usage, negatively affecting learners’ language development.
本研究では、日本で使われている英語検定教科書が日本人英語学習者による状態動詞の使用に対して、誤った解釈を与えているかどうかを検証する。これはCOCAコーパス、教科書コーパス、そして189名の中学生に実施されたテスト結果の比較・対照によって導かれる。教科書コーパスとCOCAコーパスの比較により、教科書がCOCAコーパスにおける言語使用を反映しきれていないことを明らかにする。テスト結果と教科書コーパスの比較により、学習者が教科書を使用するにつれ、その知識はより教科書内容を反映したものになることを明らかにする。本研究で明らかにされる学習者知識と教科書内容の相関関係は、学習者言語の発達を意味しているわけではない。これらの結果から、教科書と実際の言語使用との違いが学習者に否定的な影響を与える可能性があることを主張する。
Phonemic Awareness: A Core Phonological Skill in Learning English
Authors: Bunce Pauline
Published: August 2020

Well-developed phonological awareness skills are central to the ultimate achievement of fluent alphabet-scripted literacy. This workshop at JALT2019 was focused on the benefits that can flow from short bursts of phonemic awareness activities in daily English classes, revolving around a sequence of nonprint activities that have been designed to heighten learners’ auditory reception and oral production of the smallest units of sound in the English language. These sounds, or phonemes, may or may not be present in learners’ primary languages. A sharpened awareness of individual phonemes and the ability to isolate and manipulate them can have the potential to open up the sound elements of alphabetic written text to those biscriptal learners who may have previously relied on the visual memorisation of spelling patterns. Phonemic insights into the alphabetic written code are especially important for learners with established literacy in the Chinese or Japanese written script.
発達した音韻認識スキルは、アルファベット表記テキストを読み書きする優れた能力を最大限習得するのに重要である。JALT2019のこのワークショップでは、日々の英語のクラスで音素認識活動を大量に行うことから生じる効果に焦点を当て，学習者による英語の最小単位の音の聴覚受容と口頭表現を高めるために設計された一連の非印字活動を提示した。これらの音や音素は、学習者の第一言語に存在する場合とそうでない場合があります。個々の音素に対する鋭敏な認識、およびそれらを区別し操作する能力は、これまでスペルパターンの視覚的記憶に頼っていたバイスクリプト（非アルファベット文字使用地域の）学習者に、アルファベット表記テキストの音声要素の理解への”道を切り開く”可能性がある。アルファベットの記述コードに対する音韻的洞察は、中国語や日本語の記述形式に慣れている学習者にとって特に重要である
Making a Lecture Course Student Centered: Steps and Issues
Authors: Gillis-Furutaka Amanda
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of changing the delivery style of a teacher-led, English-medium university lecture course (Culture and Literature of English-Speaking Areas) into a student-centered, active-learning course. This process began as a collaborative action research project (Burns, 1999, 2009a). In this paper, the original course and the reasons for making changes are discussed, and then the measures taken to make the course student-centered are presented and examined. These measures include the addition of pre-class activities, such as the viewing of video recordings of short lectures, that are subsequently used in a wide range of in-class activities. The underpinning theory supporting the changes introduced is derived from findings in the fields of educational psychology and neuroscience. Finally, student feedback regarding outcomes and ongoing issues, such as in-class and out-of-class study and the composition of groups for in-class activities, is summarized and evaluated.
本稿では、教師主導の英語を媒介とする大学の講義（英語圏の文化と文学）を、コンテンツに基づき受講生中心のアクティブラーニングコースに変更した過程について説明する。このプロセスは、共同アクションリサーチプロジェクト（Burns, 1999, 2009a）の一環として始まった。最初に、元々どのような授業内容だったのかと変更が必要だった理由について述べる。次に、いかに講義を学生中心にしたかについて述べる。その方法の一つとして、学生に予習（講義前に授業内容の短い動画を視聴させるなど）をさせ、そのコンテンツを応用した様々なアクティビティーに講義中に取り組ませたことが挙げられる。これらの変更に至った理論は、教育心理学および神経科学に裏付けられている。最後に、学生によるこの授業の評価と学生の著しい成績向上など改善が見られた点、授業外で求められる講師の役割と受講生の予習など現在直面している問題について触れる。
Student Action Logging Creates Teacher Efficacy
Authors: Miyake-Warkentin Kae , Hooper Daniel , Murphey Tim
Published: August 2020

Student action logging is a very practical way for teachers to understand what their students have actually learned, what they like and do not like, and where to go next. Action logging entails notebooks and forms used to regularly record student feedback, reflections, and evaluations related to the classroom and their learning. In this paper, three teachers who have been using action logging for different periods of time (1, 3, and 30 years) present their differing experiences of how action logs have shaped their teaching. The teacher perspectives in this paper reveal how action logs provide information that supports teaching decisions, enriches communication between teachers and students, and facilitates a habit of reflective practice. Despite some tensions that may surface from its initial implementation, it is argued that action logging can be adapted to a wide range of different contexts to the mutual benefit of teachers and learners.
学生によるアクションロギング（活動記録）は教員にとって、生徒達が実際に何を学んだのか、彼らは何が好きで何が嫌いなのか、また今後の授業はどこへ向かって行ったらよいのかを知る非常に実用的な方法である。アクションログとは、生徒達が授業や各自の学習について、フィードバック、考え、また評価を定期的に記入するノート又はフォームである。筆者三名はアクションログを各自一年、三年、三十年活用しており、アクションログの活用経験を通じてどのように各自の指導法が変化していったのかを論じている。本稿では、筆者三名の異なる観点から、アクションログから引き出される情報がどのように教授法の決断を支持し、生徒教員間の意思疎通を豊かにし、さらに内省の習慣を促進するかを明らかにする。導入初期には不安事項が出現するかもしれないが、アクションロギングは生徒教員双方にとって有益で、広範囲な指導環境において活用できると言えるだろう。
Effect of Smoking on the Lipid Profile of Inhabitant Smokers of Hasilpur, District Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Authors: Lashari Mushtaq hussain , Sumera Sumbel , Farooq Umer , Rehman Zia Ur , Sial Nuzhat , Ahmad Farooq , Afzal Fozia , Aktar Muhammad Saleem , Nawaz Muhammad , Gulshan A. B.
Published: August 2020

Background: Health problem are culturally associated with smoking in developing countries. Many hazardous chemicals are taken up by direct or passive smoking causing lipid peroxidation resulting in oxidative stress.

Objectives: To estimate the occurrence of smoking and its effects on the lipid profile in populations of Hasilpur, Pakistan.

Methodology: The current study was conducted from April - August 2014. Out of 247 apparently healthy subjects of both genders (male=220; female=27), 134 were smokers and 113 were non-smokers. In order to analyze lipid profile, blood samples were collected in early morning hours from the selected members who were asked to fast all night. By using Chem-100 chemistry analyzer, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL were analyzed.

Results: The overall prevalence of smokers was 54.25%. The results showed 60.9% prevalence in males and 0% in females. The mean value of serum triglyceride in control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 147.4±11.7mg/dl, 190.8±41.4 and 205.3±29.7mg/dl, respectively. The results of cholesterol in control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 147.38±7.99mg/dl, 136.8 ±12. 8mg/dl and 173.44±8.63mg/dl, respectively. There was a considerable distinction in the mean level of serum triglyceride and cholesterol between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<00.5). The mean value of HDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 30.93±1.30mg/dl, 31.10±2.45 and 34.58±1.55mg/dl, respectively. The mean values of LDL and VLDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 110.46±3.63mg/dl, 106.00±4.52mg/dl, 117.19±3.48mg/dl and 33.54±3.11mg/dl, 49±9.02mg/dl, 41.06±5.34mg/dl, respectively. There was significant difference in the mean level of HDL, LDL and VLDL between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion: This study concluded that smoking is the reasons of variation in the lipid profile. Elevated period of smoking and the number of smoked cigarettes/day reason the alteration in serum lipid levels and is probably related with increased danger for coronary artery disease.
Ethnobotanical Profile of Weed Flora of District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Khan Muhammad Nauman , Razzaq Abdul , Hadi Fazal , Khan Naushad , Basit Abdul , Jan Farmanullah , Khan Nasir
Published: August 2020

District Charsadda is a very important center of plant biodiversity in the central plain of Peshawar valley, Pakistan. The present study was carried out during March 2015 to April 2016 to investigate the ethnobotanical profile of common weed flora present in district Charsadda, KP, Pakistan. The study revealed that there were 40 weed species belonging to 21 families. Among them 25 weeds were annual herb, 9 weeds were perennial herb, three were annual grass, one was climbing herb, one was the parasitic weed, and one was rhizomatic grass. The dominant families were Asteraceae, Fabaceae and poaceae having 5 species (12.5%) each followed by Ranunculaceae 3 species (7.5%). plants were systematically arranged into botanical names, local names, families, habit, habitat, partly used, flowering periods, locality and ethnobotanical uses. The main aim of the study is the documentation and ethnobotanical information of the weed flora growing in the area.
Lead-Tolerant Bacteria Can Minimize Lead Toxicity in Plants
Authors: Aslam Tehreem , Ahmed Ambreen
Published: August 2020

In todayâ€™s world, environment is exposed to lead due to various anthropogenic activities. It adversely affects plants as well as microorganisms by disturbing soil health and fertility. Bioremediation is a technique used to sequester heavy metals from the contaminated soil and it can be used to decontaminate the polluted soil. Lead-tolerant plant health promoting rhizobacteria (PHPR) can be used to enhance the efficacy of lead remediation. Lead uptake can be enhanced through bacteria by modifying root structure, secreting metal sequestering molecules in rhizosphere and alleviating lead induced phytotoxicity. For this purpose, lead-resistant auxin-producing bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of some plants. These auxin-producing lead-tolerant bacteria were used to treat Zea mays both in the presence and absence of lead-stress under laboratory conditions and its impact on plant growth and biochemical parameters of Zea mays were analysed.
Probiotics as Human Health Promoters
Authors: Rasool Shiekh Ajaz , Mirza Fehmida , Waheed Hera , Munir Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Probiotics (Pro-life live entities) provide the health and well being with multitude of beneficial effects on humans and animals (and relief against varied disorders). Probiotics may manage lactose intolerance, elevate immune profile, prevent colorectal cancers, reduce cholesterol and triglyceride profile, lowering blood pressure and inflammatory process. They also prevent osteoporosis, allergic reactions and help suppress H. pylori infections and other pathological manifestations.

Microbial metabolites (even in the absence of live entities) may exert (analogous) effects on signal pathways and barrier functions. Such substances are referred as â€˜Postbioticsâ€™ (the plain metabolic byproduct of probiotics, bioactive manifestations in the host). Generally, postbiotics include secondary metabolites such as bacteriocins, organic acids, ethanol, acetaldehyde, reactive oxygen species (ROS). Such metabolites are inhibitory against pathogenic strains of different broad spectrum drug resistant microbial groups (MDR, XDR etc). Postbiotics are safe, apathogenic which may resist hydrolysis by enzymes of mammalian origin. It has been described that micro-RNA profile of human milk may exert the inhibitory effects of probiotics.

Our research group has been investigating the merits of mammalian milk as a viable source of probiotics that secrete bioactive peptides against MDR/biofilm producing strains (ref. Streptococcus thermophilus and Enterococcus faecalis, a GIT probiont). These peptides are in the range of 10-16KDa molecular mass (sensitive to proteolytic enzymes as well). Genes coding for these peptides are plasmid associated. Mode of action of these peptides is bacteriostatic. Molecular identification of these Probiotic strains is being followed. This, on the whole marks an emphasis on biological operation of novel strains of Probiotic and their applications in medico-clinical areas to improve the human health and wellness.
Effect of Time-Lapse Administration of Panadol (Paracetamol) on Spleen and Kidney Functions of Adult Albino Mice
Authors: Abbasi Muddasir Hassan , David Komal , Idnan Muhammad , Ahmed Zaira , Qureshi Asif Mahmood
Published: August 2020

Panadol is a remarkable pain and fever reducing non opioid drug. It is known to be completely safe and tolerant medicine throughout the globe among people of all age groups. The goal of this study was to elaborate the histopathological effects of reduced interrupted regime of panadol on spleen and kidney functions of mice (Mus musculus).

The animals were categorized into four groups, the control group (C), and rest of the three were labeled as 1, 2 and 3, made on the basis of time interval of pandol administration via gavage (n=7). Matched volume of panadol (15000 Âµg/0.1ml) and normal saline was given to mice.  Tissue samples were collected after sacrifice of the mice and processed for assessment.

The findings of the current study reflected the histopathological damage of kidney and spleen caused by panadol in reduced interval of time. The kidney section illustrated clear distortion in glomeruli integrity, marked increase in interstitial spaces, damaged epithelia, and degeneration in tubules in all the groups. The spleen histology exhibited the degradation of white pulp, depopulation, activation of follicles, cellular disruption thereby overall disorganized stature. The raised values of serum creatinine and blood urea examinations also revealed the deleterious effects of panadol overconsumption.

It is inferred from the above mentioned outcomes that though panadol is considered to be a safe drug even then its intake prior to four hours can account for adverse effects on kidney and spleen.
Medical rehabilitation for coronavirus infection: new challenges for physical and rehabilitation medicine in Russia
Authors: Shmonin A.A. , Maltseva M.N. , Melnikova E.V. , Mishina I.E. , Ivanova G.E.
Published: August 2020

Coronavirus infection causes lung damage and leads to the development of disabling conditions. The development of the Covid-19 pandemic leads to a one-stage increase in the number of patients who need assistance not only from infectious disease specialists and intensive care specialists, but also from rehabilitation specialists. However, patients suffering from other non-infectious conditions need rehabilitation despite the pandemic. Thus, rehabilitation specialists are faced with new tasks to organize rehabilitation in the epidemic for both patients with Covid-19 and patients at high risk of infection, but without coronavirus infection, to develop specific programs for pulmonary rehabilitation, data collection on the nature of disability, organization of outpatient programs and telerehabilitation.
Readiness of patients after acute coronary syndrome and coronary revascularization to participate in cardiorehabilitation programs
Authors: Gudukhin A.A. , Samoylov A.S. , Khodyakova E.P. , Prikhodko E.P. , Kornilov L.Y. , Chuprina S.E.
Published: August 2020

Rehabilitation measures lead to an increase in the duration and quality of life of patients. The current trend towards intensification of the treatment process, early discharge of patients from hospital, as well as the duration of cardio rehabilitation programs, raises the question about the place of their implementation. The purpose of this work was to assess the readiness of patients who have undergone acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and coronary revascularization to undergo rehabilitation programs, including the use of remote technologies. The study was multicenter, conducted in hospitals of Ivanovo, Voronezh and Omsk, using a single original questionnaire agreed by the researchers. 232 patients were examined, including 124 patients with myocardial infarction, 59 patients with unstable stenocardia and 49 patients who underwent coronary revascularization. The results of the study indicate that the majority of patients who have undergone acute coronary syndrome and coronary revascularization are ready to undergo cardio rehabilitation programs, but, as a rule, in hospital or sanatorium environments. Only half of the interviewed patients have access to the Internet and know how to use it, and only 15% of the respondents are ready to undergo rehabilitation remotely. Remote ways of communicating with patients and monitoring the implementation of rehabilitation programs require both improving the ways of their technical support and raising awareness and training of patients to work with mobile devices and registrars.
A Review of Wastewater Treatment Techniques
Authors: Abdelwahed Marwa Mohamed Mohamed
Published: August 2020

With the rapid population growth, economic progress in addition to the global climate change (global warming), the demand for saving the limited natural resources become a huge challenge facing the world. Water is one of the natural resources that has become increasingly scarce and many of them are polluted by various human activities. Moreover, discharge untreated wastewater into surface waters such as river and lakes can causes human health problems and harm huge on the environmental through the negative impact on the wildlife, marine life and plants, as well as groundwater and surface runoff (stormwater, meltwater, rainwater) which can become polluted and can be lead also to negative economic impacts. Therefore, technologies of wastewater treatment have received global attention. The main objective of this paper is presents a literature review of some of the popular wastewater treatment techniques.
Post-Tonsillectomy Taste Disturbance; An Unusual Complication of Tonsillectomy
Authors: Islam Md. Ashraful , Chowdhury Nazmul Hossain , Mohammad Tareq , Mamoon owsif Bin , Khan Saif Rahman , Rahman ASM Lutfur , Milki Farid Uddin
Published: August 2020

Tonsillectomy is a very common operation to the otolaryngologist and relatively safe in expert hand. Sometimes it bothers the surgeon for its acute and chronic post-operative complications like reactionary hemorrhage, throat pain, referred otalgia, dehydration, velopharyngeal incmpetnce, burns of uvula, soft-tissue injury, dento-mandibular trauma, and respiratory compromise. Although rare, it is often associated with altered taste and temporary or long continued loss of taste sensation. In this article, the authors reported 39 (3.9%) cases of disturbance of taste sensation among 1000 post-tonsillectomy patients during the period 2015 to 2018 in the Bangladesh medical College Hospital. Age of the patents was ranged in between 20 to 30 year. The study was aimed to find out the possible cause of taste disturbance in the post-tonsillectomy patients and obtain informed written consent prior to tonsillectomy
OPTIMIZATION OF INTERSECTION CONTROL SCHEME CONSIDERING PHASE-MOVEMENT-COMBINATION UNDER AUTOMATED VEHICLES ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Xiao Wenbin , Zhu Shunying , Wang Daobin , Liu Wei
Published: August 2020

For signal control intersection, the Phase-Movement-Combination (PMC) styles could directly impact the control performance of the signal scheme. Automated vehicles use mechatronics technology to drive autonomously and safely according to the predetermined lane trajectory, which caused the phase movement combination and Phase Combination (PC) schemes become more and more complicated. Therefore, this paper proposed a method to consider the extensive PMC styles by fractionalizing movement compatibility relationships, and used discrete mathematics to calculate overall Feasible Phase Combination (FPC) schemes according to the requirements of the signal phase. A corresponding optimal timing model was also established for FPC schemes by minimizing the average vehicle delay and maximizing the intersection capacity. Results were compared against the conventional PC schemes for a variety of demand scenarios. It was concluded that the proposed signal control optimization method was effective to optimize the intersection control scheme, depending on different demand scenarios.
X-Ray Properties of Young Radio Quasars at z > 4.5
Authors: Snios Bradford , Siemiginowska Aneta , Sobolewska Małgosia , Cheung C. C. , Kashyap Vinay , Migliori Giulia , Schwartz Daniel A. , Stawarz Łukasz , Worrall Diana M.
Published: August 2020

We present a comprehensive analysis of Chandra X-ray observations of 15 young radio quasars at redshifts 4.5 < z < 5.0. All sources are detected in the 0.5–7.0 keV energy band. Emission spectra are extracted, and the average photon index for the sample is measured to be 1.5 ± 0.1. Unabsorbed rest-frame 2–10 keV luminosities are found to range between (0.5–23.2) × 1045 erg s−1. The optical–X-ray power-law spectral index

is calculated for each source using optical/UV data available in the literature. The

–UV relationship is compared with other quasar surveys, and an anticorrelation is observed that agrees with independent estimates. Rest-frame radio and X-ray luminosities are established for the sample, and a correlation between the luminosities is detected. These multiwavelength results reinforce a lack of spectral evolution for quasars over a broad redshift range. We additionally identify three quasars from our multiwavelength analysis that are statistically significant outliers, with one source being a Compton-thick candidate in the early universe, and discuss each in detail.
Intraoperative Awareness during General Anesthesia: Experience in 200 Patients in “185’s Hospital for Emergency Surgeries and Burn”. (An Observational Questionnaire-based Study)
Authors: Heggy Eslam Ragab , Abbas Sherif Mamdouh , El Mawla Atef Galal Abd , Adolf Mina , Fetouh Ahmed
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND: General anesthesia (GA) is a complex state of hypnosis, amnesia, and suppression of stress response to stimuli and production of a quiet surgical field. Awareness under GA considered as unexpected and undesirable complication which can be source of pain and torture for many individuals after surgery. 
AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of intraoperative awareness during general anesthesia in emergency operations using Brice questionnaire. 
METHODS: Two hundred patients were included and undergone emergency operations under GA at Cairo University’s Hospitals. Intravenous induction then inhalational maintenance of anesthesia with muscle relaxant was commenced, basic vital signs were monitored and kept within normal range. Depth of anesthesia was manipulated and kept adequate intraoperatively according to patient’s clinical status. At the end of surgery, patients were fully reversed and extubated fully awake then transferred to the recovery room, then data were collected. 
RESULTS: Data analysis showed 110 (55%) men and 90 (45%) women. Two hours postoperatively, one patient (0.5%) reported intraoperative awareness, while 199 patients (99.5%) remembered nothing intraoperatively. 
CONCLUSION: The incidence of intraoperative awareness in our emergency hospital is relatively fair and clinical evaluation of anesthesia depth is an effective measure to detect and prevents intraoperative awareness.
Relationship Between Paralysis and the Epidural Spinal Cord Compression Scale in Spinal Metastasis
Authors: Uei Hiroshi , Tokuhashi Yasuaki , Maseda Masafumi
Published: August 2020

Patients with metastatic spinal tumors often experience paralysis caused by spinal cord compression. Several studies have investigated metastatic lesion–related spinal cord compression. This study is the first to examine the relationship between the epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) scale, which measures circumferential compression, and the functional outcomes of treatment, which were assessed at regular intervals after treatment until death. A total of 191 patients who had grade D or worse paralysis on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification scale and a grade 1b or more severe cord compression on the ESCC scale were included in the study. Patients had been treated with surgery combined with radiotherapy (n=146) or radiotherapy alone (n=45). Three spinal surgeons assessed the ESCC grade of for patient, and the grade agreed to by at least 2 surgeons was adopted. After 4 weeks, re-evaluations were conducted by the same examiners. The authors also calculated the mean kappa coefficients for inter- and intra-examiner variability (0.88 and 0.93, respectively). The distribution of the ASIA grade differed significantly among the ESCC scale grades (
P
=.0102). However, the degree of improvement in paralysis in terms of the ASIA grade (≥1 grade of improvement, no change, or ≥1 grade of aggravation) was not significantly associated with the ESCC grade (
P
=.2334). The ESCC scale was found to be a useful indicator of circumferential spinal cord compression but was not identified as a significant functional prognostic factor for paralysis. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(6):e567–e573.]
Effect of Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Lateralization Design on Scapular Notching: A Single-Surgeon Experience
Authors: Schoch Bradley S. , Taba Houtan , Aibinder William , King Joseph J. , Wright Thomas W.
Published: August 2020

Scapular notching remains a concern with both medialized and lateralized reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) designs. Few studies have directly compared the rate of notching among various designs. The purpose of this study was to compare a single surgeon's rate of scapular notching in relation to RSA design. A total of 156 primary RSAs were performed for cuff tear arthropathy or osteo-arthritis with rotator cuff insufficiency by a single surgeon. Follow-up was controlled to between 3 and 5 years. Shoulders were grouped according to implant design: medialized center of rotation (CoR; n=17), lateralized CoR (n=14), and lateralized humerus (n=125). Objective clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, and radiographic outcomes were compared. Scapular notching occurred more frequently with medialized CoR (82%) and lateralized CoR (57%) designs compared with a lateralized humerus design (22%;
P
<.001). Mean notching grade was also lower in the lateralized humerus design (0.2) compared with the medialized CoR (2.1;
P
<.001) and lateralized CoR (1.1;
P
=.01) designs. Postoperative pain, range of motion, and patient-reported outcomes were not significantly different among groups. A low rate of reoperation was seen in all groups. The lateralized humeral RSA design showed less frequent and less severe scapular notching compared with medialized CoR and lateralized CoR designs. There were no observed differences in range of motion or patient-reported outcomes between different implant designs. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(6):e585–e591.]
Schwannoma Masquerading as Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Al-Holou Shaza N. , DeLuca Crystal , Gatteau Regina E. , Legge Richard H.
Published: August 2020

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy, or ophthalmoplegic migraine, is characterized by recurrent cranial nerve paresis following headache. Imaging may demonstrate cranial nerve enhancement during episodes, but absence of structural lesions is required for diagnosis.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57:e68–e70.]
Dermis-Fat Orbital Implantation: 118 Cases
Authors: Smith Byron , Bosniak Stephen , Nesi Frank , Lisman Richard
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY

During the previous six years the authors have performed 118 dermis-fat orbital implants. Fifty-one were primary implantations performed at the time of enucleation. Nineteen grafts were implanted after migrated implants were removed, and 19 grafts were used to correct superior sulcus deformities. Nine dermis-fat grafts expanded contracted sockets. It is becoming increasingly clear that these autogenous implants are effective in maintaining orbital volume while preserving the fornicies and conserving the conjunctiva.

Although significant atrophy of primary grafts does not occur very frequently, it is more common in cases of secondary implantation, particularly in cases of chemically injured severely contracted sockets (3 of 9 cases). We have noted only one case of significant atrophy following a primary procedure. This occurred two and a half years following an apparently successful primary graft.
Outcomes and Complications of In-Office Laser Demarcation of Peripheral Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments
Authors: Xu David , Levin Hannah J. , Garrigan Hannah , Wibbelsman Turner D. , Obeid Anthony , Pandit Ravi R. , Jenkins Thomas L. , Mehta Sonia , Ho Allen C. , Hsu Jason , Regillo Carl D.
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the outcomes of in-office laser demarcation (LD) for peripheral rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This was a retrospective analysis of peripheral RRDs treated with LD. Patient demographics, visual acuity (VA), and RRD characteristics were recorded. Complications requiring additional procedures were recorded. Multiple logistic regression was used to characterize the association of RRD anatomy to treatment complications.

RESULTS:

A total of 112 eyes of 107 patients were analyzed with mean follow-up of 20 ± 12 months. VA at baseline and last follow-up was equivalent (0.16 logMAR, Snellen equivalent 20/29). Ninety-five (84.8%) eyes were successfully treated without an additional procedure. In multivariate analysis, the presence of VH (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–17;
P
= .04) and RRDs in the inferior 6 clock hours (OR = 6.2; 95% CI, 1.5–29;
P
= .01) were associated with complications.

CONCLUSIONS:

LD is successful in treating peripheral RRDs. RRD characteristics less conducive to laser include presence of VH and inferior RRD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2020;51:428–434.]
Software Development Methodology for Cloud Computing and Its Impact
Authors: Panigrahi Chhabi Rani , Mall Rajib , Pati Bibudhendu
Published: August 2020

This chapter emphasizes mainly on the software development methodology basically agile methods of software development in cloud computing platforms and its impact on software development processes. This chapter also covers the benefits of agile development methodology in cloud computing platform. Along with this all traditional software development phases are analyzed to discuss the differences between the traditional software development processes and software development in cloud computing environment. This chapter also includes a brief description of programming models such as MapReduce, BSPCloud, and Dryad etc. available in the literature to handle big data in SaaS cloud. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future scope of software development process in cloud computing environment.