bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Stiripentol and the Clinical Outcome in Dravet Syndrome
Authors: Yıldız Edibe Pembegul , Ozkan Melis Ulak , Uzunhan Tugce Aksu , Bektaş Gonca , Tatlı Burak , Aydınlı Nur , Çalışkan Mine , Özmen Meral
Published: October 2018

Dravet syndrome is a rare and progressive epileptic encephalopathy of infancy. Stiripentol reduces the seizure frequency in patients with Dravet syndrome. We evaluated the clinical characteristics of patients with Dravet syndrome and their response to stiripentol. We retrospectively collected the data of 21 patients (11 females; mean age, 8.2 years, range: 5.4-15 years) with Dravet syndrome who were treated with stiripentol in our outpatient clinic between June 2016 and June 2017. Patients with seizure reduction ≥50% were considered responders. Most of our patients had severe (47%) or moderate (33%) cognitive disabilities, although 14% had mild cognitive disability. There was a significant difference in both status epilepticus and age between the groups with normal/mild versus severe/moderate neurocognitive prognoses. Of the patients, 85.7% were using stiripentol. The mean duration of stiripentol use was 41.2 months (range: 24-64 months). In 12 patients (57%), the seizure frequency decreased by more than 50%, and 2 of them were seizure-free. Status epilepticus was not recorded after stiripentol treatment in 8 of 11 patients with status epilepticus. Despite the small sample size, our results suggest that stiripentol has a favorable efficacy. In addition, considering the absence of status epilepticus after treatment and the negative effects of status epilepticus on cognitive development, early treatment should be initiated in SD patients, for whom disease control is difficult.
Reversible physical crosslinking strategy with optimal temperature for 3D bioprinting of human chondrocyte-laden gelatin methacryloyl bioink
Authors: Gu Yawei , Zhang Lei , Du Xiaoyu , Fan Ziwen , Wang Long , Sun Weiyan , Cheng Yu , Zhu Yufang , Chen Chang
Published: October 2018

Gelatin methacryloyl is a promising material in tissue engineering and has been widely studied in three-dimensional bioprinting. Although gelatin methacryloyl possesses excellent biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties, its poor printability/processability has hindered its further applications. In this study, we report a reversible physical crosslinking strategy for precise deposition of human chondrocyte-laden gelatin methacryloyl bioink at low concentration without any sacrificial material by using extrusive three-dimensional bioprinting. The precise printing temperature was determined by the rheological properties of gelatin methacryloyl with temperature. Ten percent (w/v) gelatin methacryloyl was chosen as the printing formula due to highest biocompatibility in three-dimensional cell cultures in gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel disks. Primary human chondrocyte-laden 10% (w/v) gelatin methacryloyl was successfully printed without any construct deformation or collapse and was permanently crosslinked by ultraviolet light. The printed gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel constructs remained stable in long-term culture. Chondrocyte viability and proliferation that were printed under this optimal temperature were better than that of chondrocytes printed under lower temperatures and were similar to that of chondrocytes in the non-printed gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels. The results indicate that with this strategy, 10% (w/v) gelatin methacryloyl bioink presented excellent printability and printing resolution with high cell viability, which appears to be suitable for printing primary human chondrocytes in cartilage biofabrication and can be extensively applied in tissue engineering of other organs or in other biomedical fields.
Creep prediction with temperature effect and experimental verification of rubber suspension components used in rail vehicles
Authors: Luo Robert Keqi
Published: October 2018

Rubber anti-vibration components are widely used in rail vehicles as either a primary or a secondary suspension system with long-term service. An essential requirement is to limit the deflections of suspension components not to exceed their structural limitation due to creep in order to avoid early failure over its service life. Temperature is the main environmental factor to account for creep. Traditional hyperelastic approach can only be used for mechanical loading analysis without reference to time. In this article, the primary creep of rubber structures is obtained by introducing time as an additional variable into hyperelastic models. A deviation function from the primary creep due to temperature change is established and also integrated into the proposed model so that the real creep values can be obtained at specified time. The proposed approach has been validated experimentally using a Vee mount, a Metacone component and a Circular mount. It has been shown that real creep value due to temperature change can be obtained from this approach. It is also revealed that the creep due to temperature change is mainly attributed to alternation of the rubber elastic parameters. It is suggested that this approach can be used in a design stage for similar polymer applications.
Propeller control strategy for coaxial compound helicopters
Authors: Yuan Ye , Thomson Douglas , Chen Renliang
Published: October 2018

The coaxial compound configuration has been proposed as a concept for future high-performance rotorcraft. The co-axial rotor system does not require an anti-torque device, and a propeller provides axial thrust. A well-designed control strategy for the propeller is necessary to improve the performance and the flight dynamics characteristics. A flight dynamics model of coaxial compound helicopter is developed to analyze these influences. The performance and the flight dynamics characteristics in different propeller strategies were first investigated. The results show that there is an improvement in the performance in high-speed flight when the propeller provides more propulsive forces. It also illustrates that a reasonable allocation of the rotor and the propeller in providing thrust can further reduce the power consumption in the mid speed range. In other words, the propeller control strategy can be an effective method to improve the cruise-efficiency. The flight dynamics analysis in this paper includes trim and handling qualities. The trim results prove that the propeller strategy can affect the collective pitch, longitudinal cyclic pitch, and the pitch attitude. If the control strategy is designed only to decrease the required power, it will result in a discontinuity in the trim characteristics. Handling qualities are investigated based on the ADS-33E-PRF requirement. The result demonstrates that the bandwidth and phase delay results and eigenvalue results in various speed at different propeller strategies are all satisfied. However, some propeller control strategies lead to severe inter-axis coupling in high-speed flight. Based on these results, this paper proposes the propeller control strategy for the coaxial compound helicopter. This strategy ensures good trim characteristics and handling qualities, which satisfy the related requirements, and improves the flight range or the performance in high-speed flight.
Voice Climate, TMX, and Task Interdependence: A Team-Level Study
Authors: Duan Jinyun , Xu Yue , Frazier M. Lance
Published: October 2018

Drawing on social exchange theory, the current research hypothesizes voice climate as a mediator of the relationship between team-member exchange (TMX) and both team decision-making effectiveness and innovative performance. Furthermore, we propose that task interdependence moderates the mediational relationship between TMX, voice climate, team decision-making effectiveness, and innovative performance. Survey results based on 294 members and their leaders from 73 entrepreneur teams demonstrated that TMX is positively related to voice climate and the two outcome variables. In addition, the relationships between TMX and both decision-making effectiveness and innovative performance are mediated by voice climate perceptions, respectively. Task interdependence moderated the relationship between TMX and voice climate, whereas moderated-mediation analyses indicated that the mediational relationship between TMX, voice climate, and both outcomes is stronger when task interdependence is high rather than low.
Platelet-rich plasma to rescue an ulcerated orbital dermal fat graft
Authors: Chaparro Tapias Tania Andrea , Díaz Díaz Alberto Luis , Secondi Roberto , Coy Villamil Helena , Sánchez España Juan Carlos
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

Central graft ulceration is a rare complication of an orbital dermal fat graft caused by diminished blood supply to the implant. This study reports on the efficacy and safety of the use of a single subconjunctival injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma to rescue an ulcerated orbital dermal fat graft.

Methods:

Three patients, who had undergone autologous dermal fat graft to treat their anophthalmic socket, were given a 2-mL subconjunctival platelet-rich plasma injection in the exposed graft margins. Demographic and clinical features, treatment protocol, clinical course, complications and follow-up time are reported. In the preoperative examination, all the patients presented a primary epithelial defect of the dermal fat graft.

Results:

There were no major complications such as necrosis or infection. One patient presented a small conjunctival granuloma at 1-month follow up. Mean postoperative follow-up duration was 13 (range: 10–16) months. By 1 month, the chronic epithelial defect had resolved with the graft integrated within the orbital tissues in all cases. All patients were referred for artificial prosthesis placement.

Conclusion:

Although further work is needed, our findings suggest that a single subconjunctival platelet-rich plasma injection could be an effective, safe and economic alternative to surgery to rescue an ulcerated orbital dermal fat graft.
Monitoring and Employee Shirking: Evidence From MLB Umpires
Authors: Bradbury John Charles
Published: October 2018

Neoclassical principal–agent theory predicts stricter monitoring should reduce employee shirking; however, recent analyses indicate social aspects of principal–agent relationships may result in “crowding out” of disciplinary effects. Asymmetric implementation of an automated pitch-tracking system in baseball allows for the comparison of monitored and unmonitored umpires to identify shirking in light of incentives. Estimates identify some reduced shirking with monitoring; however, overall, umpires appeared to be quite sensitive to league directives absent technological monitoring. Extreme sensitivity to MLB mandates when unmonitored by the new technology indicates that preexisting monitoring (which included human oversight and efficiency wages) was effective at limiting shirking.
Right bundle branch block in patients with suspected myocardial infarction
Authors: Neumann Johannes Tobias , Sörensen Nils Arne , Rübsamen Nicole , Ojeda Francisco , Schäfer Sarina , Keller Till , Blankenberg Stefan , Clemmensen Peter , Westermann Dirk
Published: October 2018

Aims:

The new European Society of Cardiology guideline for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction recommends that left and right bundle branch block should be considered equal for recommending urgent angiography in patients with suspected myocardial infarction. We aimed to evaluate this novel recommendation in two prospective studies of patients with suspected myocardial infarction.

Methods and results:

We included 4067 patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected myocardial infarction. All patients had an ECG recorded immediately upon admission. Patients were classified as having right bundle branch block (RBBB), left bundle branch block (LBBB), bifascicular block (BFB) or no bundle branch block. All patients were followed for up to two years to assess mortality. In the overall population 125 (3.1%) patients had RBBB, 281 (6.9%) LBBB and 60 (1.5%) BFB. The final diagnosis of myocardial infarction was adjudicated in 20.8% (RBBB), 28.5% (LBBB), 23.3% (BFB) and 21.6% (no complete block) of patients. The mortality rate after one year was 10.7% (RBBB), 7% (LBBB), 17.5% (BFB) and 3.2% (no complete block). The adjusted hazard ratios were 1.29 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71–2.34; P=0.40) for RBBB, 1.71 (95% CI 1.17–2.50; P=0.006) for LBBB and 2.27 (95% CI 1.28–4.05; P=0.005) for BFB.

Conclusion:

Our results support the new European Society of Cardiology ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction guideline describing RBBB as a high risk for mortality in patients with suspected myocardial infarction. However, the data challenge the concept of RBBB as a trigger of acute angiography because the likelihood of myocardial infarction in a chest pain unit setting is equally frequent in patients without bundle branch block.
Preparing Teacher Trainees for Field Experience: Lessons From the On-Campus Practical Experience in Colleges of Education in Ghana
Authors: Adu-Yeboah Christine , Kwaah Christopher Yaw
Published: October 2018

This study sought to understand the process of providing on-campus practical experience to teacher trainees in preparation for practicum in basic schools, and how the trainees perceive these. It used the mixed method approach to obtain data from three purposively sampled colleges of education in the Central Region of Ghana. Questionnaires were administered to 232 teacher trainees; 12 focus group discussion sessions were held with the trainees while an interview guide was used to elicit data from 24 college tutors. The findings showed that the on-campus experience offered trainees the opportunity to improve on their knowledge and practice of general pedagogical skills such as the writing of lesson plans, statement of appropriate lesson objectives, lesson delivery, timing of activities, and the use of teaching and learning resources. However, there was no evidence of documented standards and guidelines for the conduct of the on-campus practicum. Again, trainees had very limited time to engage with supervisors and critically interrogate and reflect on their own practices. Consequently, it was suggested that teacher training institutions should develop appropriate teaching standards and guidelines for on-campus teaching practice and give trainees more opportunity to engage with and critically interrogate their own practice in the process of learning to teach.
Seismic inversion with adaptive edge-preserving smoothing preconditioning on impedance model
Authors: Dai Ronghuo , Yin Cheng , Zaman Nueraili , Zhang Fanchang
Published: October 2018

Poststack seismic impedance inversion is an effective approach for reservoir prediction. Due to the sensitivity to noise and the oscillation near the bed boundary, Gaussian distribution constrained seismic inversion is unfavorable to delineate the subtle-reservoir and small-scale geologic features. To overcome this shortcoming, we have developed a new method that incorporates a priori knowledge in the seismic inversion through a preconditioning impedance model using the adaptive edge-preserving smoothing (Ad-EPS) filter. The Ad-EPS filter preconditioned impedance model for a blocky solution makes the formation interfaces and geologic edges more precise and sharper in the inverted impedance results and keeps the inversion procedure robust even if random noise exists in the seismic data. Furthermore, compared with the conventional EPS filter, the Ad-EPS filter is able to resolve thick and thin geologic features through window size scanning, which is used to find the best-fitting window size for each sample to be filtered. The results of numerical examples and real seismic data test indicate that our inversion method can suppress noise to obtain a “blocky” inversion result and preserve small geologic features.
A novel approach to the quantitative evaluation of the mineral composition, porosity, and kerogen content of shale using conventional logs: A case study of the Damintun Sag in the Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Li Jinbu , Lu Shuangfang , Wang Min , Chen Guohui , Tian Weichao , Jiao Chenxue
Published: October 2018

The quantitative prediction of the mineral composition, porosity, and kerogen content of shales is significant for the evaluation of shale oil and gas potential and the hydraulic fracturing process. We have developed a new method for the shale’s components prediction (SCP-[Formula: see text]) by combining the back-propagation (BP) neural network and an improved [Formula: see text] method based on conventional logs. First, we constructed and calibrated the shale fraction model according to the volume of the minerals, kerogen, and porosity determined through laboratory analyses. Subsequently, we calculated the kerogen volume by the combination of the improved [Formula: see text] technique and the conversion equation between the kerogen volume and the organic carbon content. Finally, the BP neural network was trained with the input parameters of the kerogen volume and the sensitive logs, and the output parameters of the mineral volume (clay, silicate, carbonate, and heavy minerals) and porosity. We used the cross validation method to optimize the structural parameters of the BP neural network. The SCP-[Formula: see text] method, which is a nonlinear technique, takes into consideration the influence of the organic carbon of the residual oil on the calculation of the kerogen volume. We successfully implemented the SCP-[Formula: see text] method to evaluate the shale components of well Shen 352 in the Damintun Sag, China. The evaluation results of the SCP-[Formula: see text] method are in good agreement with the measured core sample properties and mineral composition derived from Schlumberger elemental-capture spectroscopy logs, confirming the accuracy and reliability of the SCP-[Formula: see text] method in predicting the mineral composition, porosity, and kerogen content in shale.
Using Cross-Correlation with Pattern Recognition Entropy to Obtain Reduced Total Ion Current Chromatograms from Raw Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Data
Authors: Chatterjee Shiladitya , Chapman Sean C , Lunt Barry M , Linford Matthew R
Published: October 2018

Total ion current chromatograms (TICCs) generated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are prone to noise from chemical and electronic sources. This noise can severely impact the detection of analytes in a mixture. Recently, we introduced a new variable selection tool based on Pattern Recognition Entropy (PRE) that selects good quality (high signal-to-noise ratio) mass chromatograms from an LC-MS dataset and thereby creates a reduced TICC with low noise and a flat background (J. Chrom. A.2018, 1558, 21–28). PRE, which is based on Shannon’s entropy, was shown to be a straightforward and powerful shape recognition tool for this problem. However, while the chromatographic signals in the reduced TICC from PRE were well resolved, some noise remained in the TICC, which suggested that the algorithm had selected some false positives, i.e., poor quality mass chromatograms. In this paper, we report an improved version of the PRE algorithm that utilizes a second variable selection filter based on cross-correlation (CC). As a check on the ability of PRE and CC to select high quality mass chromatograms, every mass chromatogram in our data set (1451 in total) was individually inspected and rated as either high quality (green), intermediate quality (yellow), or poor quality (red). A color-coded plot of the CC value vs. the PRE value for the mass chromatograms was created, which shows that, as expected, the higher quality mass chromatograms are localized in its upper left quadrant, which corresponds to lower PRE values and higher CC values. In our original paper on this topic, we recommended a threshold of 0.5 σ for PRE, which caused the algorithm to select 151 mass chromatograms out of 1451. Of these, 98 were of high quality, 6 were of intermediate quality, and 47 were of poor quality. Using a second threshold for CC, the algorithm retains all the high and intermediate quality mass chromatograms, while removing all 47 of the poor quality ones. The resulting TICC from the PRE-CC algorithm shows less noise compared to the TICC generated from the PRE approach alone. The PRE-CC algorithm is arguably a faster, simpler and more intuitive approach as compared to the widely used CODA_DW algorithm.
Revisiting hereditary tyrosinemia Type 1—spectrum of radiological findings
Authors: Shaikh Sana , Qureshi Asma , faiq Syed Mohammad
Published: October 2018

Tyrosinemia is a rare metabolic disease showing autosomal recessive inheritance associated with a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase. Absence of this enzyme results in the accumulation of succinylacetone in the tissues which predominantly results in liver injury, renal tubular damage, and neurological manifestation resembling porphyrias. The complications that can develop without appropriate treatment include renal tubular dysfunction, growth failure, rickets, neurological crises, hepatomegaly, and possible hepatocellular carcinoma. We describe a case of 18-month-old child who presents with fever and gradually progressive abdominal distension. Laboratory and radiological investigations were done that lead to the diagnosis of this rare entity.
Creative Lab: Learning Vocabulary in Elementary School
Authors: Романова В. , Romanova V.
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the problem of the development of creative thinking of younger schoolchildren. The features of educational creative tasks and ways of their use when learning vocabulary in primary school are discussed. The potential of the lessons of the Russian language for the formation of students’ cognitive activity and their needs for creative authoring activities are revealed.
Penetration Regulation in Chinese Financial Market
Authors: Сюй Вэйдун , W. Xu , Янь Хунтин , H. Yan , Краюшкина Елена , Krayushkina Elena
Published: October 2018

“Penetration” supervision is an important topic concerned in the academic field of China’s financial law recently. On October 13, 2016, the General Office of the State Council officially put forward the concept of “penetrating” supervision, stating that “it is necessary to base on practice and research to solve the financial problems which exposed in the finance field”. Although “penetrating” regulation is a specific concept proposed for the special rectification of Internet financial risks, it has quickly gained the support of many scholars as soon as it is proposed, and some scholars even recommend it to be extended to the entire financial market. This paper focuses on the practice of China’s financial market, defines the connotation of “penetrating” supervision, sorts out the theoretical basis of “penetrating” supervision, types the Chinese-style “transparent” supervision. The realization path of supervision is to optimize the allocation of financial regulatory power and promote the healthy development of the market.
The Problem of Factors of Economic Growth in Modern Russia
Authors: Басовский Леонид , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская Елена , Basovskaya Elena
Published: October 2018

In the Russian economy after the crisis of 2008–2009 systemic changes have been occurred. In the period before this crisis, Russia experienced economic growth, which was faster than the growth rate of the world economy, then after the crisis, economic growth rates do not exceed the growth rates of the world economy. The use of econometric models of economic growth made it possible to establish the following. Changes in traditional growth factors — labor and capital — account for only 11% of the economic growth before the crisis, and only 3% after the crisis of 2018–2009. Obviously, the change in the rates of economic growth in modern Russia is due to other economic factors, factors related to human capital, innovations, institutional, political, social factors.
Choice of Instruments of Financing of Capital Investments of the Entity
Authors: Кузнецова О. , Kuznetsova O.
Published: October 2018

In article theoretical and practical aspects on optimization of system of capital financing for domestic enterprises are studied. The research purpose includes search of available allowances in mobilization of a net profit and fixed asset depreciation. Methods of a research are monographic, comparison, group, and the analysis, hypothetical. The author analyzed coefficients of autonomy and financing of investments for the enterprises of real production sector. Financial coefficients appeared below standard values. The author investigated average sizes of indicators across Russia and on own statistical selection consisting of 15 organizations. The author offered the concept of mobilization of own sources of financing of real investments. It includes actions for acceleration of process of forming of a depreciation fund and mobilization of a net profit of firms due to use of an investment deduction on the income tax of the organizations and a depreciation bonus.
Economic Features of the Enterprises of the Military-Industrial Complex in Modern Conditions
Authors: Гункин Е. , Gunkin E.
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the current state and economic features of the industryspecific enterprises of the military-industrial complex from the standpoint of the current legislation, reveals their essence on the basis of open sources of information.
Strategy of Development of Sanatorium-and-Health-Resort Institutions in Russia
Authors: Юлдашева Р. , Yuldasheva R.
Published: October 2018

The article examines the features of the development of sanatorium-and-healthresort institutions in the Russian Federation, analyzes the existing management methods. The paper proposes elements that should determine the structure of public policy in the development of the sanatorium complex. The directions of management and development of an effective sanatorium-and-health-resort complex are offered. The existing problems of development of the health sphere are revealed and ways of improvement of system at several levels are offered.
Measurement of Labour Efficiency in the Conditions of Digitization of Enterprise Activity
Authors: Еремина Г. , Eremina G.
Published: October 2018

The article is focused on the phenomenon of digitalization of the economy and the transformation of performance measurement and measurement of labor efficiency. The study is based on a comparison of the characteristics of the digital economy as a separate part of the economy, including only economic activities based on digital technologies and as a process of production of any goods and services using computer technology; analysis of performance measurement process. The article presents the author’s opinion that digital technologies are used at each company, we can talk about the digitalization of the economy as a whole. Based on this, it is argued that the nature of work of employees is changing and this change requires the modification of methods of performance measurement and measuring the effectiveness of work. It is proved that in the conditions of digitalization of economy measurement of labor efficiency needs to be conducted on achievement of key indicators, instead of norms of expenses of time. The technique is to use Performance Measurement Systems.
Experience, Development Trends And Problems of Implementing Corporate Employee Health and Well-Being Programs
Authors: Коновалова Валерия , Konovalova Valyeriya
Published: October 2018

The article considers the accumulated experience and trends in the development of health management at the corporate level. The data of international and national studies are presented, indicating the benefits of using health programs for employee, employers and society as a whole, as well as highlighting the key problems arising in the management of employee health: when implementing corporate programs, it is not always clear and specific goals are established and data collection is organized , allowing to estimate their real results and efficiency; despite significant investments and efforts to stimulate participation in health and well-being programs, often employee participation continues to be at a rather low level (not least because of employee concerns about the use and confidentiality and protection of data obtained during implementation, discrimination); the studies point to marked differences in the assessment of the results of health and well-being programs by employers and employees; most of the programs for recovery and well-being are mostly reactive in nature, they are not aimed at solving existing problems, but not at preventing them, etc. The conditions necessary for the further development and effectiveness of corporate health and well-being management programs are justified.
Methodical Aspects of Employees Number Rationing of Gas Industry
Authors: Веревкин К. , Verevkin K.
Published: October 2018

The article systematized and specified methodological provisions of employees number rationing regarding definition of the purposes, tasks, requirements and the principles of determination of standard employees number in the organization. Although a quota setting is effectively influencing optimization of labor expenses, the analysis of a quota setting condition in gas industry demonstrates that its role as an element of the management is insufficiently estimated. This has highlighted the need to development of the effective mechanism of normative employees number determination. The author's mechanism concept includes two blocks: structurally functional, block revealing the organization and functions of activity of various divisions in work on determination of standard employees number; and the methodical block, representing methodical bases determination of standard employees number. The practical value of research results is that the developed recommendations can be used in the organizations of gas industry for optimization of employees number and improvement on this basis of his work.
The Quality of Graduates’ Preparation of the Personnel Management Department of the State University of Management and Their Post-Graduate Work Career
Authors: Бакиева В. , Bakieva V. , Полуляхова Д. , Polulyahova D. , Лобачева А. , Lobacheva A.
Published: October 2018

The article analyzes results of the study "Quality of graduates’ preparation of the Personnel Management Department and their postgraduate work career", aimed at assessing the effectiveness of employing specialists' the State University of Management, organized with the involvement of graduates of this department. In order to gather information as a basis for the study, authors compiled a questionnaire containing 30 questions, respondents had to assess the quality of their professional training, and then talk about their employment by answering questions concerning: compliance of the current profession with the acquired specialty; problems encountered in finding a job; factors that affected employment; sphere of company' activity, the scale of the company and its rating, the position of the respondent and the level of his salary. Also, functions that are performed in the process of professional activity were disclosed and graduates' satisfaction with the position taken as a whole. In addition, respondents answered questions related to the vision of the real profession in the labor market. Authors analyzed the results of the questionnaire, which ultimately allowed them to assess the quality of professional training of specialists and their postgraduate work career. Also, solutions were offered for solving the problems identified in the analysis process.
Philosophy of history
Authors: Губин Валерий , Gubin Valeriy , Стрелков Владимир , Strelkov Vladimir
Published: October 2018

The textbook is devoted to the critical analysis of philosophical and historical concepts of the past and the present - from the philosophy of antiquity to postmodernism. Does history make sense? Is there any progress in history? Is it possible to identify the laws of history and manage it? - these and many other questions are answered by the manual.
For students and postgraduates of Humanities faculties, as well as for all those interested in actual problems of philosophy
Structured exercise program on Foot Biomechanics & Insulin Resistance among people living with type 2 diabetes with and without peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Kumar Amaravadi Sampath , Hazari Animesh , Maiya Arun G , Shastry Barkur A. , Nagiri Shivashankara K , K Vaishali
Published: October 2018

Background: The biomechanical changes in foot among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus often leads to various foot complications which could further add to diabetes related morbidity mortality. These changes could be seen due to musculoskeletal factor like reduction in intrinsic foot muscle strength, tightness of lower limb muscles, postural changes, etc.
Aim: To design and determine the efficacy of a structured exercise program on foot kinetics and kinematics among type 2 participants
Materials and methods: A total of 35 participants with type 2 diabetes (n=15, type 2 diabetes mellitus without neuropathy and n=20, type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy) were recruited. All participants were screened clinically biochemically and given a set of structured exercise program, three times a week for 12weeks along with standard medical care.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 5610.5 (Non neuropathy) 62.37.35 (Neuropathy) years, mean duration of diabetes was 8.78.95 (Non neuropathy), 10.978 (Neuropathy) years, mean Body mass index was 26.54 4.83(Non neuropathy), 24.393.58 (Neuropathy), Significant differences have been observed in kinetic and kinematic variables.
Conclusion: The present study shows that the structured exercise protocol is very effective in improving the biomechanics of foot in people with type 2 diabetes with and without neuropathy. It could help to correct the structure and function of the foot and eventually could reduce the risk of foot complications like diabetic foot ulcers.
Role of incretin based therapies in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Fioretto Paola , Frascati Andrea
Published: October 2018

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a serious microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in blood glucose and blood pressure (BP) control, ~20% to 40% of patients with diabetes mellitus develop DKD. Intensive glycaemic and BP control positively influence decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria, thereby delaying the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy. Incretin based therapies namely glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are widely used glucose lowering agents and have shown favorable renal outcomes in DKD. This article discusses the extra-glycaemic properties of incretin based therapies and their renoprotective effects on components of the metabolic syndrome, including obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia; reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation; and increase in natriuresis.
Heart failure in diabetes: From an increased risk to a treatment target
Authors: Standl Eberhard
Published: October 2018

Heart failure (HF) is one of the most common comorbidities of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and poor glycaemic control can worsen the HF outcomes and increase the risk of hospitalisations. With the entry of several antihyperglycaemic agents for the management of T2DM over the last decade, there has been an increasing concern regarding the cardiovascular (CV) safety profile of these agents. In view of this, FDA mandated the demonstration of cardiovascular risk-benefit profile of these agents through specifically designed CV outcome trials. Although we have several findings from these trials, none of them included HF as a primary endpoint indicating the need of trials focusing on HF. Here, we briefly discuss the results of the CV outcome trials in the context of HF.
The first case of a rare form of isolated glucocorticoid insufficiency associated with to NNT gene mutation reported in the Russian Federation
Authors: Chernyak Irina Y. , Kalinchenko Nataliya Y. , Tlif Asiet I. , Kleshenko Elena I. , Vasiliev Evgeny V. , Petrov Vasily M. , Tiulpakov Anatoly N.
Published: October 2018

Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD, MIM*202200) is a rare form of primary chronic adrenal insufficiency characterized by resistance of the adrenal cortex to ACTH, decrease in secretion of glucocorticoids and adrenal androgens, and increase in plasma ACTH level. Currently, at least 7 genes whose mutations lead to the development of FGD have been described. These are MC2R, MRAP, STAR, CYP11A1, NNT, TXNRD2, and AAAS. E. Meimaridou and J. Kowalczyk were the first who described NNT gene mutation in 2012 in one patient who underwent molecular genetic examination and 9 patients with clinical presentation of familial glucocorticoid deficiency. Understanding of the exact cause of primary chronic adrenal insufficiency enables adjusting the treatment, predicting the development of possible complications and related dysfunctions of other organs, as well as the need for medical and genetic counseling of the family.
Kisspeptin regulation of male sex development: possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of delayed puberty and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Nikitina Irina L. , Yuchlina Yuliya N. , Vasileva Elena Y. , Nagornaya Irena I.
Published: October 2018

Background. Kisspeptin system plays an important role in the neuroendocrine control of gonadotropin secretion, sexual differentiation of the brain, puberty, and fertility.
Objective — the study was aimed at assessing blood level of Kisspeptin in healthy boys, depending on puberty stage, as well as in boys with pathological delay of puberty onset.
Material and methods. The study included 43 somatically healthy boys. Group 1 consisted of 12 boys 14—17 years old with delayed puberty, group 2 included 16 boys 14—18 years old with normal puberty, Tanner stage IV — V, group 3 — 15 boys 6—10 years old, Tanner stage I. In group 1, median testosterone level (T) was 0.09 nmol/l, LH — 0.3 IU/l; the peak LH level in the triptorelin test was below 5 IU/l in 50% of this group. Serum level of kisspeptin was assessed by ELISA using a specific kit.
Results. Median serum level of kisspeptin (34.8 pg/ml) was significantly (p>0.05) higher in in the group with delayed puberty than in the groups with age-appropriate sexual development. There were no differences between groups 2 and 3 in this value.
Conclusion. Serum level of kisspeptin, which is low in the case of physiological sexual development (regardless of stage), significantly increases in boys with delayed puberty onset, which can be used as a diagnostic marker of this pathology. The results suggest attenuated effect of kisspeptin due to decrease in its biological activity or decrease in sensitivity of the kisspeptin receptors in the case of delayed puberty and hypogonadism. The possibility of treatment of male hypogonadism with exogenous kisspeptin cannot be ruled out.
Vildagliptin: ten years in the service for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The journey of discovery, innovation and success in clinical practice
Authors: Demidova Tatiana Yu.
Published: October 2018

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial multiorgan disease. Over the last decade, the implementation of brand-new therapeutic opportunities led to tremendous rise of research studies in the field of diabetes as well as to shift in priorities of the management of patients with type 2 diabetes from a glucocentric approach and towards holistic control of the key underlying pathophysiological processes of the disease development and progression. The use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors shows good glycemic control because of physiological glucose — dependent mechanism of action mediated with the improvement of incretin hormones effects. Moreover, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors have a wide range of pleiotropic effects owning to additional properties of incretins and inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase enzymatic activity, which leads to beneficial impact on metabolic and pathogenetic processes of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are effective drugs with good safety profile as for risks related to type 2 diabetes and have no limitative disadvantages such as hypoglycemia and weight gain. This publication reviews vildagliptin, the first developed dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, with an emphasis on its use in different clinical settings of diabetes management.
Refugees as scapegoat for terrorism
Authors: Özbek Nimet
Published: October 2018

In the last five years, there has been a growing concern about the fact that there might be some terrorist mix in the surge of refugees fleeing war-torn Muslim-majority countries. The concern resulted in people rethinking about refugees are granted asylums. Some Europeans call for their governments to quit bringing to their countries any more refugees at all. This however goes against what these countries agreed and signed in the 1951 Convention and the 1967 United Nations Protocol concerning the status of refugees. In this article, it will be examined if it is true that migrants bring terrorists with them, how this proposition itself came to be, and whether or not there are rock solid data to support it. As it will be discovered in the following paragraphs, there is no direct correlation between refugees and terrorist activities that take place in different places which happen to be hosting refugees. Instead, the idea security threat in refugee host countries and migrants they accommodate roots from attitude the people in those countries have towards migrants, demographic differences as well as real world issues. The solution to this misconception requires both refugees and receiving nations to collaborate; such as the refugees helping authorities to identify any terrorist recruiter who may be lurking among them and on the other hand the authorities should devise a seamless system of border control in order to know who enters their countries and who leaves. They can also engage in activities helping the public to distinguish between terrorists and migrants by raising awareness.
„Niewinne” – od postulatu dziewczęcości do inicjacji w poezji kobiet
Authors: Sołtys-Lewandowska Edyta
Published: October 2018

The article explores pictures of “a little girl” and of sexual initiation in 20th and 21st-century Polish women’s poetry, especially by Wisława Szymborska, Barbara Klicka, Jolanta Nawrot, Wioletta Grzegorzewska i Małgorzata Lebda. The girlhood showed in their poems is a certain potentiality of womanhood, often imbued with ripening eroticism very difficult to control. At the same time the girlhood is entangled in schematism of potential scenarios destined for a women subject: personal dependence and sense of being dominated, escape or emancipation. Initiatory poems show rather strong dependence on archetypical (The Little Match Girl) and mythicizing conventions of describing adolescence, still they can present idiomatic construction of female identity.
Seks, taśmy i statusy Facebooka. O poezji Katarzyny Fetlińskiej
Authors: Łuszczykiewicz Piotr
Published: October 2018

The article attempts to analyze the poetry of Katarzyna Fetlińska with the main stress laid upon her volume Sekstaśmy (Sex Tapes). The author tries to verify critical tracks and generalizations, introduced mostly by editorial and publishing descriptions which promote the collection. He exposes the importance of dramatic and surprisingly non-ironic themes chosen by the poet, who confronts herself with the most tragic aspects of human existence: loneliness and death. The main theme of the sketch is eroticism, sexuality and even pornographic character of her poetry, directed against metaphysically scandalous friability of interpersonal relations, human objectification and nothingness of being.
„Instrukcje obsługi kobiety i świata”. O (eko)poezji Julii Fiedorczuk
Authors: Grądziel-Wójcik Joanna
Published: October 2018

Julia Fiedorczuk’s academic, journalistic and critical activity invites readings of her poetry in the context of ecopoetics, which she actively promotes. Her ecocritically oriented poems explore the links between poetry and natural environment, proposing an interdisciplinary practice of cocreation of the human and non-human world, as well as a re-evaluation of our understanding of the relations between them. It is, at the same time, a type of poetry that exposes its gender affiliation; it evokes and deconstructs the culturally instilled associations between femininity and nature, and formulates questions pertaining to identity and metaphysics. With her “woman and world: user’s manuals” project, poetically original yet deeply rooted in (post)modern contexts, Fiedorczuk represents one of the most interesting currents of contemporary – and not just women’s – poetry.
Emily Dickinson po polsku
Authors: Salska Agnieszka
Published: October 2018

The article traces Polish translations of Dickinson’s poetry preceding and following the publication in the nineteen nineties of 200 poems by Emily Dickinson translated by Stanisław Barańczak. It comments on some Polish poets’ response to Dickinson in their own works and points to the growing body of publications online of private selections from Dickinson’s poems previously translated by established Polish poets (mostly Barańczak or Marjańska) as well as translations and original poems inspired by Dickinson’s work authored by less known poets, amateur translators and lovers of poetry. The article suggests that the increased Polish interest in Dickinson’s work is not only a kind of domino effect following Barańczak’s impressive translations. It also results from the growth of interest in translation studies and skills and must be related, too, to the fact that her poetry of private sensibility confronted with a dramatically changing world resonates with contemporary experience of the sensitive individual.
Fasetowany język: bilingwalna poezja Ireny Klepfisz w poetyckim dyskursie o Zagładzie
Authors: Kubińska Olga
Published: October 2018

The bilingual poetry of Irena Klepfisz, a Polish-born Jewish-American poet, seems to constitute a unique case of Holocaust poetry. The poet, an intellectual and activist engaged in lesbian, queer, feminist and gender movements, advocates the reading of Holocaust poetry within the ramifications of gender oriented cultural theories. Her bilingual poetry undermines the hypothesis of the postvernacularity of contemporary Yiddish. The paper substantiates the thesis that the choice of the target language in the translaton of bilingual Holocaust poetry has clear axiological underpinnings.
„Jak to się stało, że masz syna z nowym Bondem?” – kobiece, męskie i boskie w poezji Justyny Bargielskiej
Authors: Fazan Jarosław
Published: October 2018

The paper applies to the work of one of the most important Polish writers of the last decade. Bargielska combines bold poetic experiments with a keen testimony of an ordinary life of a young woman, who experiences life in the beginning of the 21st century in Poland. On the one hand, the poet declares a conservative worldview (her value system is based on the “trinity”: Catholicism, heterosexuality, motherhood), on the other hand, she brutally and mercilessly uncovers the subjugation of a woman in the world of a male-dominated language. Her writing deconstructs this system, as it discovers the literature as a space for the practice of personal freedom beyond the slogans and ideological divisions; she manages to create her own independent form of existence. The poet renews feminine way of being through the deconstruction of religious myths and cultural stereotypes, confronted with the physiological and social reality.