bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolução do desenvolvimento humano dos municípios do Rio de Janeiro entre 2005 e 2016
Authors: Silva Fabio Freitas da , Hasenclever Lia , Faure Yves , Matias Ítalo De Oliveira
Published: December 2019

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a evolução do desenvolvimento humano dos municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro entre os anos 2005 e 2016. A metodologia adotada consistiu em categorizar a dinâmica de desenvolvimento considerando as relações entre o crescimento econômico e o desenvolvimento humano e as suas implicações de política. Consideraram-se dois parâmetros de comparação, um com a média dos municípios do estado e outro com a média dos municípios do Brasil, sem o estado do Rio de Janeiro. Constatou-se que os municípios do Rio de Janeiro quando comparados com a média dos municípios brasileiros apresentam uma condição superior de desenvolvimento humano. Entretanto, observou-se também que a desigualdade entre os municípios do estado é ainda muito grande, sendo maior na mesorregião metropolitana. Constatou-se que os municípios que tinham uma melhor e uma pior situação tenderam a mantê-la. Finalmente, ficou claro que os municípios com maiores gastos em educação e saúde são os que apresentam maior grau de desenvolvimento humano.
Métapsychologie du Lien-Maillage-Réseau, une clinique de l’étayage
Authors: Benghozi Pierre
Published: December 2019

Dans cet article, l’auteur développe une clinique du Lien-Maillage-Réseau dans une approche psychanalytique groupale du lien. Il définit les caractéristiques du réseau en référence à la théorie de la complexité. La naissance d’un réseau ne décrète pas. L’indication privilégiée d’une pratique de réseau concerne les anamorphoses . Ce sont les phases de passage dans le cycle de vie individuel et groupal (périnatalité, péri-adolescence, péri-sénescence) et les effractions accidents qui mettent en jeu des contenances individuelles, groupales familiales, institutionnelles ou sociales en transformation. L’auteur propose une métapsychologie du maillage lien-réseau en référence à sa conceptualisation du maillage, démaillage et remaillage des contenants psychiques . À l’architecture du rhizome , (Deleuze, Guattari), il rapproche celle du réseau-éponge , qui lui semble mieux rendre compte de la topologie du Lien Maillage-Réseau. L’exemple du réseau mythique Rasta développé à partir d’une formation action-recherche et supervision, illustre une modélisation topologique du remaillage des liens-réseau. Le processus de transformation se manifeste par l’émergence d’une méta-contenance . Le Lien-Maillage-Réseau a une fonction d’ étayage narratif . C’est une clinique de l’ éphémère . La pratique des supervisions est justifiée pour étayer les enjeux transféro-transférentiels mobilisés dans le Lien-Maillage-Réseau.
Souffrances primitives, réseau et travail d’équipe
Authors: Mellier Denis
Published: December 2019

Comment analyser cliniquement un réseau ? Pour répondre à cette question, l’auteur rappelle d’abord que le réseau est apparu dans l’évolution des institutions soignantes sous trois formes : celle des différents partenaires d’une équipe, celle ensuite d’une association d’équipes autour d’une même population cible, celle enfin d’une gestion d’un parcours de soins sur un territoire. Au regard de la théorie de la fonction contenante, il fait l’hypothèse que le réseau rend possible une offre de soin pour des sujets, des familles, sans demande initiale, mais en souffrance dans leurs enveloppes psychiques. L’accueil de ces souffrances primitives implique certaines particularités des dispositifs (signal d’alarme, attraction, aller vers et pluridisciplinarité) qui les distinguent du cadre classique du soin. Le travail sur ces souffrances rend nécessaire un travail d’équipe, qui se heurte à différentes difficultés groupales, notamment celui du contact et la « segmentation ».
La scène interinstitutionnelle : un espace psychique pour mettre en travail le langage subjectif de l’agir violent
Authors: Dobrzynski Anne-Claire
Published: December 2019

Au cœur de la clinique des agirs délictuels à l’adolescence et adossée à une perspective transdisciplinaire, cet article présente la scène interinstitutionnelle comme une scène psychique avec des formations et des processus spécifiques. Au cœur des espaces interstitiels de cette scène et des groupes internes interinstitutionnels , nous verrons que le dépôt, l’attraction puis la transformation des pans de matière psychique brute que ces adolescents expulsent dans et travers l’agir violent favorisent la relance du processus de subjectivation. Cette scène thérapeutique privilégiée permet ainsi de contenir un pan du commettage , langage subjectif comprenant la détresse infantile et l’héritage transgénérationnel, sur lesquels bute le processus de l’adolescence chez ces adolescents. La situation de Jean illustre la mise en travail de l’héritage transgénérationnel sur cette scène à travers le déplacement et le tissage des alliances inconscientes.
Effects of Altered Crystalline Structure and Increased Initial Compressive Strength of Calcium Sulfate Bone Graft Substitute Pellets on New Bone Formation
Authors: Urban Robert M , Turner Thomas M , Hall Deborah J , Infanger Susan I , Cheema Naveed , Lim Tae-Hong , Moseley Jon , Carroll Michael , Roark Michael
Published: December 2019

Abstract

A new, modified calcium sulfate has been developed with a different crystalline structure and a compressive strength similar to many calcium phosphate materials, but with a resorption profile only slightly slower than conventional surgical-grade calcium sulfate. A canine bilateral defect model was used to compare restoration of defects treated with the modified calcium sulfate compared to treatment using conventional calcium sulfate pellets after 6, 1 3, and 26 weeks. The modified calcium sulfate pellets were as effective as conventional calcium sulfate pellets with regard to the area fraction and compressive strength of newly formed bone in the treated bone defects. Mechanical testing demonstrated that the initial compressive strength of the modified material was increased nearly three-fold compared to that of conventional surgical-grade calcium sulfate. This increase potentially allows for its use in a broader range of clinical applications, such as vertebral and subchondral defects.
Trauma and Addiction: Implications for Helping Professionals
Authors: Cross Chad L. , Ashley Larry
Published: December 2019

EXCERPT
Substance-related disorders originate from a variety of sources and for many reasons. There likely will be endless debates surrounding addiction. Many questions are common and sometimes unanswerable: Why does addiction occur in some individuals and not others? How do some individuals manage to control their substance use and others quickly descend a downward spiral? What synergistic roles do environment and genetics play in addiction? Regardless of whether such questions can be answered concretely, it is clear that the acute and chronic effects of substance use on individuals, families, and society as a whole cannot be ignored.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Dr. Cross is Associate Professor, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, and Mr. Ashley is Addictions Specialist and Undergraduate Coordinator, Department of Counselor Education, and Director, Problem Gambling Treatment Program, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada. Mr. Ashley is also Clinical Assistant Professor, Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada.
The authors thank Tascha Spears, PhD, RN, for initially requesting them to submit an earlier version of this manuscript to the Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services.
The authors disclose that they have no significant financial interests in any product or class of products discussed directly or indirectly in this activity, including research support.
Address correspondence to Chad L. Cross, PhD, NCC, Associate Professor, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Box 453064, Las Vegas, NV 89154-3064; e-mail: Chad.cross@unlv.edu.
Comparative Study of Ablation Profiles of Six Different Excimer Lasers
Authors: Canals Marc , Elies Daniel , Costa-Vila Jesus , Coret Andreu
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the morphological features of photorefractive ablations produced by six different excimer lasers.

METHODS: A spherocylindrical photoablation (-2.00 -2.00 x 90°; 6-mm optical zone) was performed on regular fluence plates with six excimer lasers: Bausch & Lomb Technolas 217C, Schwind Esiris, Kera Technology Isobeam D200, Ladarvision 4000, Zeiss Meditec MEL 70 G-Scan, and Visx Star S3. Morphometric analysis of the fluence plates provided superficial measurements of the ablated areas.

RESULTS: Two areas were identified visually: a central area with a complete ablation of the metallic surface layer and a surrounding area with a partial ablation. The dimensions of the ablated areas were highly variable in the lasers tested. The major differences appeared in the total ablated area (ranging from 38.55 mm^sup 2 ^ [Schwind] to 81.94 mm
p 2
[Bausch & Lomb] and in the peripheral to total area ratio (ranging from 36.95% [Schwind] to 59.51% [Ladarvision]).

CONCLUSION: Large differences appeared in the superficial dimensions and contours of the ablations produced by different excimer lasers for the treatment tested in this study. It remains unknown how these different ablation patterns induce the same optical correction, but we assume that the depth of the ablation compensates for the differences in the surface extension of the ablated areas. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:106-109]
Five-Year Follow-Up of Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia
Authors: Honda Norihiko , Hamada Naoki , Amano Shiro , Kaji Yuichi , Hiraoka Takahiro , Oshika Tetsuro
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze long-term results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia and myopic astigmatism.

METHODS: This retrospective study included 15 eyes of 8 patients who were examined annually for 5 years after PRK. The Nidek EC-5000 laser with an ablation zone of 5.0 mm was used. Evaluations included spherical equivalent manifest refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectaclecorrected visual acuity (BSCVA), corneal haze, and corneal astigmatism calculated by Fourier analysis of videokeratography data.

RESULTS: A tendency toward myopic regression was most evident within the first postoperative year, with manifest refraction changing from +0.80 ± 1.62 D at 1 week to -0.45 ± 0.70 D at 1 year postoperatively (P=.007). Regression continued after the second postoperative year. There was a statistically significant difference between manifest refraction at 2 years (-0.36 ± 0.75 D) and 5 years (-1.11 ± 1.12 D) (P=.002). Postoperative UCVA stabilized from 3 months up to 3 years, but slightly deteriorated at 4 years and thereafter due to the myopic refractive shift. BSCVA remained stable throughout the 5-year follow-up period. Several eyes developed mild corneal haze after surgery, but haze was minimal in the majority of patients by 1 year and continued to fade over time. The asymmetry component of the cornea significantly increased after surgery, with all postoperative values significantly higher than before PRK (P<.05). Higher order irregularity increased after surgery, with a statistically significant difference between preoperative and 1 year postoperative (P<.05), but values after 2 years were not different from preoperative baseline.

CONCLUSION: Fifteen eyes with a baseline refraction of -3.00 to -9.00 D had PRK with the Nidek EC-5000 laser and a 5-mm-diameter ablation zone. Myopic regression occurred in the first year, with continued mild regression of approximately -0.75 D between 2 and 5 years. Nevertheless, the results show the procedure was relatively safe and effective in this group. [J Refract Surg 2004;20: 116-120]
Repositioning the Laser in situ Keratomileusis Flap at the Slit Lamp
Authors: Lichter Henia , Russell Gregg E , Waring George O
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To describe the indications and technique for repositioning the laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap at the slit lamp.

METHODS: We present a description of patients with striae or slippage of the flap who had repositioning of the flap at the slit lamp.

RESULTS: Indications for repositioning at the slit lamp are mostly flap striae. However, it can also be done for a displaced flap and small amounts of debridement. This procedure is not recommended for taking cultures, irrigation of diffuse lamellar keratitis, suturing the flap, or epithelial ingrowth. Repositioning the flap is done by finding the edge of the flap with the cannula, lifting the flap, sweeping the cannula to release the entire wound, and infusing balanced salt solution under the entire flap. We did not encounter infection or recurrent epithelial erosion in these patients.

CONCLUSIONS: Repositioning the LASIK flap at the slit lamp was effective and safe in the treatment of striae or flap slippage. It saved time, money, and, anxiety for the patient. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:166-169]
Ultrasound Evaluation of Flap Thickness, Ablation Depth, and Corneal Edema After Laser in situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Nagy Zoltán Z , Resch Miklós , Süveges Ildikó
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the predictability of flap thickness and changes in flap edema over time after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

METHODS: LASIK was carried out in 30 eyes. The corneal flap was created with a Moria CB manual microkeratome with a flap thickness of 130 µm. Photoablation was performed with the ZeissMeditec MEL 70^sub G-Scan^ flying spot excimer laser. Ultrasound pachymetric measurements were performed with the Humphrey Model 855 pachymeter.

RESULTS: Preoperative mean corneal thickness was 568.43 ± 34.6 µm. After LASIK, mean flap thickness was 133 ± 26.4 µm. After excimer laser treatment, mean central corneal thickness decreased to a mean 392.4 ± 37.4 µm. Five minutes after repositioning the flap, mean central corneal thickness was 572.1 ± 43.4 µm. On the first postoperative day, it decreased to a mean 501.6 ± 46.6 µm followed by additional decreases: mean 487.4 µm on day 5, 481.8 µm after 1 month, and 479.6 µm at 6 months. The actual photoablation depth was 10 µm less than the predicted depth (paired sample t-test, no statistically significant difference, P=.018). A significant linear correlation was found (Pearson, R=. 725, P=.001) between predicted and measured photoablation depth.

CONCLUSIONS: Corneal flap thickness had greater variability than expected. After flap creation, stromal and flap edema occurred, but decreased during the first five postoperative days and stabilized thereafter. [J Refract Surg 2004; 20:279-281]
Alcon CustomCornea Wavefront-guided Retreatments After Laser in situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Chalita Maria Regina , Xu Meng , Krueger Ronald R
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of wavefront-guided ablations for the correction of residual myopia and astigmatism after standard laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

METHODS: Twenty nine eyes of 26 patients who underwent wavefront-guided LASIK retreatment with Alcon CustomCornea (Alcon Laboratories Ine, Fort Worth, Tex) were evaluated. Complete ophthalmologic examination, corneal topography, and wavefront measurements were performed. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectaclecorrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction, and wavefront analysis were evaluated preoperatively, 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. Wavefront measurements were assessed using the LADARWave device. Statistical analysis was performed using the McNemar test and percentages of success.

RESULTS: One week postoperatively, UCVA was ≥20/40 in 100% of eyes (5*20/20 in 31%) and BSCVA was ^=20/40 in 100% (2*20/20 in 73%). Wavefront analysis showed a decrease in total aberrations, high order aberrations, defocus, coma, spherical aberration, and other terms of higher order aberrations at 1-week follow-up. Three months postoperatively, UCVA was 5*20/40 in 100% of eyes (^20/20 in 38%) and BSCVA was 5*20/40 in 100% (2*20/20 in 81%). Six months postoperatively, UCVA was >20/40 in 100% of eyes (5*20/20 in 60%) and BSCVA was 5*20/40 in 100% (^20/20 in 90%). Wavefront analysis showed decrease in total aberration, high order aberration, defocus, coma, and spherical aberration.

CONCLUSION: Wavefront-guided LASIK retreatment in post-LASIK eyes represents a good option for laser vision correction. All eyes showed reduction in pre-existing total aberrations. Some high order aberration components decreased in this initial series. Further follow-up is necessary to assess the initial predictability of wavefront-guided LASIK upgrade. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:S654-S660]
Cohesive Tensile Strength of Human LASIK Wounds With Histologic, Ultrastructural, and Clinical Correlations
Authors: Schmack Ingo , Dawson Daniel G , McCarey Bernard E , Waring George O , Grossniklaus Hans E , Edelhauser Henry F
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To measure the cohesive tensile strength of human LASIK corneal wounds.

METHODS: Twenty-five human eye bank corneas from 13 donors that had LASIK were cut into 4-mm corneoscleral strips and dissected to expose the interface wound. Using a motorized pulling device, the force required to separate the wound was recorded. Intact and separated specimens were processed for light and electron microscopy. Five normal human eye bank corneas from 5 donors served as controls. A retrospective clinical study was done on 144 eyes that had LASIK flap- lift retreatments, providing clinical correlation.

RESULTS: The mean tensile strength of the central and paracentral LASIK wounds showed minimal change in strength over time after surgery, averaging 2.4% (0.72?0.33 g/mm) of controls (30.06?2.93 g/mm). In contrast, the mean peak tensile strength of the flap wound margin gradually increased over time after surgery, reaching maximum values by 3.5 years when the average was 28.1% (8.46?4.56 g^mm) of controls. Histologic and ultrastructural correlative studies found that the plane of separation always occurred in the lamellar wound, which consisted of a hypocellular primitive stromal scar centrally and paracentral Iy and a hypercelIu lar fibrotic stromal scar at the flap wound margin. The pathologic correlations demonstrated that the strongest wound margin scars had no epithelial cell ingrowth ? the strongest typically being wider or more peripherally located. In contrast, the weakest wound margin scars had epithelial cell ingrowth. The clinical series demonstrated the ability to lift LASIK flaps without complications during retreatments up to 8.4 years after initial surgery, correlating well with the laboratory results.

CONCLUSIONS: The human corneal stroma typically heals after LASIK in a limited and incomplete fashion; this results in a weak, central and paracentral hypocellular primitive stromal scar that averages 2.4% as strong as normal corneal stroma. Conversely, the LASIK flap wound margin heals by producing a 10-fold stronger, peripheral hypercelIuIa r fibrotic stromal scar that averages 28.1% as strong as normal corneal stromal, but displays marked variability. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:433-445.]
VHF Digital Ultrasound Three-Dimensional Scanning in the Diagnosis of Myopic Regression After Corneal Refractive Surgery
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z , Ameline Barbara , Puech Michel , Montefiore Guy , Laroche Laurent
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To perform VHF digital ultrasound scanning and analysis of a case of high-myopic undercorrection in an eye that had undergone multiple surgical interventions for the correction of an initial refraction of -12.00 diopters (D).

METHODS: A 49-year-old woman was evaluated after undergoing three surgical interventions for correction of an initial refraction of -12.00 D in the left eye. Automated lamellar keratoplasty (ALK) was followed by arcuate keratotomy (for induced astigmatism) and surface photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). The residual ametropia on presentation was -6.75 -3.50 x 95?. VHF digital ultrasound scanning and analysis was performed.

RESULTS: On ultrasound, the ALK interface was clearly visible. Residual stromal thickness beneath the cap was at least 275 ???. The absence of Bowman's layer indicated the region of PRK. New stroma and nascent stromal layers were differentiated within the flap. Neo stromal deposition and central epithelial hyperplasia were determined to be responsible for the myopic shift, as opposed to biomechanical changes.

CONCLUSIONS: In this case, refraction, slit-lamp examination, and topography were unable to provide a diagnosis for regression following multiple corneal refractive procedures. By providing layered anatomical mapping, VHF digital ultrasound scanning was able to exclude a diagnosis of ectasia and provide anatomical diagnostic information to explain the clinical observations. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:480-484.]
Effect of Tear Film Break-up on Higher Order Aberrations of the Anterior Cornea in Normal, Dry, and Post-LASIK Eyes
Authors: Lin Yi-Ying , Carrel Hyman , Wang I-Jong , Lin Pi-Jung , Hu Fung-Rong
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of tear film breakup on higher order aberrations of the anterior cornea in normal, dry, and post- LAS I K eyes.

METHODS: In a prospective study, 120 eyes (120 subjects) comprised three groups: post- LAS I K eyes, dry eyes, and normal eyes. Tear film break-up time (BUT) was measured by fluorescein dye under si it- lamp microscopy. Corneal topographies were measured by videokeratography immediately after the following times: post-blink, V2 BUT, BUT, and after normal saline application. VO L- Pro software processed topographies to obtain and analyze higher order aberrations (3rd through 6th orders over 6 mm) of the anterior corneal surface.

RESULTS: The measurement time scale was set by the BUT: significantly less for dry eyes (8. 3 ?3. 4 seconds) than post- LAS I K eyes (11.3 ?5.1 seconds) or normal eyes (10.3 ?5.6 seconds). Normal and dry eye subjects showed a pattern of significant increase of aberrations from post-blink through BUT and decrease of aberrations after saline addition in coma, trefoil, and 3rd through 6th order aberrations. Post-LASIK eyes exhibited no significant difference between phases.

CONCLUSIONS: Disruption of the tear film increases anterior corneal higher order aberrations in normal eyes and more rapidly in dry eyes. The increase in aberrations caused by conventional LASIK is greater than that of tear film-related effects. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21: S525-S529.]
Nueva tipología monetal de la ceca Madīnat al-Zahrā’ a nombre del califa ‘Abd al-Raḥmān III con leyenda en hebreo
Authors: Ariza Armada Almudena
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo da a conocer un dirham inédito del primer califa de al-Andalus, acuñado en la ceca de Madīnat al-Zahrā’ el año 337/948-949, con una inscripción en hebreo. Tras la descripción del ejemplar, se ofrece un análisis de la evolución epigráfica del nombre de ceca Madīnat al-Zahrā’ en las monedas califales, partiendo del estudio de ochocientos setenta y dos dirhames conservados en el Museo Arqueológico Nacional de Madrid, que pone de manifiesto la singularidad de la pieza estudiada en el contexto de las emisiones califales. Por otro lado, se analiza la aparición de leyendas hebreas en la moneda islámica occidental, lo que permite ofrecer una posible lectura del término hebreo que figura en el ejemplar. La pieza que se presenta es el único testimonio monetal con el que contamos de la presencia de sefardíes en la corte andalusí durante el califato de ‘Abd al-Raḥmān III, en un momento en el que la figura de Ḥasday b. Šaprūṭ desempeña un papel destacado en ella.
Corrosión del aluminio 1050 en atmósferas costeras
Authors: Díaz Iván , Fuentes María , De la Fuente Daniel , Chico Belén , Jiménez José A. , Morcillo Manuel
Published: December 2019

Existen escasos estudios realizados sobre la corrosión atmosférica del aluminio en zonas costeras en los que se considere un amplio intervalo de salinidades atmosféricas. El trabajo, que aquí se presenta, ofrece los resultados de una investigación llevada a cabo en seis estaciones de ensayo situadas en atmósferas marinas puras ubicadas a diferentes distancias de la línea de costa dentro del Parque eólico Cabo Vilano (Galicia). Se expusieron probetas de ensayo de aluminio 1050 en las atmósferas marinas durante 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses, determinándose la corrosión experimentada por el aluminio (formación de picaduras) en función del tiempo de exposición. Se analizó la naturaleza y composición de los productos de corrosión formados mediante difracción de rayos X con ángulo rasante. Asimismo, se estudió la morfología del ataque experimentado por el aluminio mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido con espectrometría de rayos X por dispersión de energías. Como resultados más relevantes cabe destacar: (a) El alcance de la velocidad de corrosión disminuye conforme nos alejamos de la línea de costa y avanza el tiempo de exposición, (b) El producto de corrosión formado es gibsita, (c) El progreso de las picaduras se debe a la presencia de los aniones Cl- y SO42-, procedentes del aerosol marino que migran hacia el fondo de las picaduras.
Vanité et réécriture : un motet du xve siècle imité de Philippe de Vitry
Authors: Fabre Isabelle , Clément Gisèle
Published: December 2019

L’article aborde le thème du contemptus mundi au Moyen Âge à travers deux motets des xive et xve siècles. Composé en 1330 par Philippe de Vitry, le premier (Impudenter circumivi / Virtutibus laudabilis) affiche un discours moralisateur sur la vanité de l’amour terrestre, décevant et délétère, qu’il oppose à l’amour spirituel que le fidèle doit à la Vierge. À près d’un siècle de distance, ce dispositif est repris dans le motet 12 (Incessanter expectavi / Virtutis ineffabilis) du manuscrit dit « de Chypre » (Turin BNU J.II.9) qui se donne comme une réécriture musicale et littéraire du motet de Vitry. Mais cette imitation, loin d’être servile, infléchit radicalement la portée de sa source : l’enjeu n’est pas de composer une autre variation sur le thème de la vanité du monde, même si celle-ci rend hommage à l’illustre devancier. En confrontant l’écriture des deux pièces, on se propose de montrer que par-delà sa virtuosité rhétorique et musicale, le poète-compositeur anonyme du manuscrit de Turin s’emploie à explorer les limites d’un discours et d’une topique, autrement dit à faire entendre une « vanité de la vanité ».
Décadence et chute de Rome, des vanités historiographiques ?
Authors: Meyers Jean
Published: December 2019

Ces dix dernières années, la question de la chute de Rome semble avoir retrouvé une vitalité liée à une angoisse croissante de la civilisation occidentale face à son avenir. Or tous les historiens qui ont travaillé sur la chute de Rome ont utilisé les mêmes sources sans jamais parvenir aux mêmes conclusions. Cet article vise simplement à montrer que le problème de la fin de l’Empire romain, pour être résolu, doit être déplacé loin des concepts inopérants de « chute » et de « décadence », qui apparaissent comme des « vanités historiographiques » empêchant de renouveler l’analyse et l’interprétation des faits.
Taxidermie du savoir : figement linguistique et clichés de Flaubert à Ourednik
Authors: Pellegrini Florence
Published: December 2019

Cet article se propose d’analyser les idées reçues flaubertiennes et les lieux communs ourednikiens comme autant de vanités littéraires. Devenues l’objet même de la fiction, les locutions figées révèlent, dans un double mouvement paradoxal, leur caractère inopérant tout autant qu’incontournable.
Incoterms and New Transport Types
Authors: Erdogan Murat , Kavas Emine
Published: December 2019

In this research, Drones, which are between incoterms and new forms of transport, are examined. International logistics applications behave in line with the development objectives responsive to changing environmental conditions of business, delivery forms, which are part of the deployment tools and will influence the choice of delivery method with drones were examined. In this context, the purpose of the study is to examine the concepts of logistics and international logistics and the factors that both the buyer and the seller are affected when selecting one of these terms of INCOTERMS. The paper sheds light on the factors when choosing, unmanned vehicles of the future drones and discusses the importance of transportation, delivery market, in terms of the cost of delivery and related rules and regulations drones. Paper concludes with the future trends about the logistics and Incoterms by scanning the available literature.
Regression Analysis for Environmental Practices
Authors: Malek Nurul Aida Abdul , Takala Josu A.
Published: December 2019

The aim of this research is to shed light on establishing a successful integration of environmental practices among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The purpose is to develop a better understanding of what drives SME participation into potential environmental practices within a context in Finland. Specific objectives are to: 1) assess the willingness to participate (WTP) among Finnish SMEs based on four drivers - financial performance, internal readiness, supplier pressure and governmental regulations; 2) separate respondents into demographical subgroups based on their WTP; and 3) determine features that characterize Finnish SMEs which are WTP based from the studied sample.
Student Projects and Virtual Collaboration in IT Degrees
Authors: Helfert Markus , Lyutak Igor , Duncan Howard
Published: December 2019

This paper describes a framework that assists the inclusion of Entrepreneurship into computing study programs. It has been developed within a European Tempus Project and is built following a process-oriented view of innovation and entrepreneurship. It outlines key activities and capabilities of entrepreneurship. An approach is presented that combines existing online tools with the traditional methodologies for creating courses on entrepreneurship. We introduce a concept -the virtual innovation space- to take the most advantages from opportunities that the Internet gives us for increasing efficiency of learning entrepreneurship for IT students. A summary of the course content on entrepreneurship that is developed and used by the project partners for their local courses is presented. We present and discuss feedback received from the project partners and describe some student projects and experiences. The work in this paper can be useful for other universities and similar projects to compare their effort and receive some justification or ideas for their initiatives.
E-Commerce in Small and Medium Enterprises in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunawardana Kennedy D
Published: December 2019

The growth of information technology in the business world is spreading at a phenomenal rate. The success of a business organization stands at the usage of IT in their business. Growth of e-commerce is the new born business method, which has originated through an extensive usage of IT in their business. This study will focus on the level of adoption of e-commerce in a population of 30 SMEs under the BOI, the relationship between firm-based characteristics and the adoption of e-commerce and also more importantly find out the critical success factors and discover potential benefits of adoption of e-commerce in SMEs. The results on the adoption of e- commerce showed a significant relationship with the two firm-based characteristics. That is management involvement and adoption of IT. The study also identified e- marketing and supplier service as the critical success factors in adoption of e-commerce.
Factors Comprising Effective Risk Communication, Decision-Making, and Measurement of IT and IA Risk
Authors: Daza Ricardo , Hargiss Kathleen M
Published: December 2019

This article focuses on factors that comprise effective risk communication, decision-making, and measurement of information technology (IT)/ information assurance (IA) risk. A review of the extant literature provided the basis for the formulation of research questions. The sample population consisted of senior IT/IA practitioners from Florida chapters of information security professional organizations. Results of this study found that decision making, and measurement are all factors in effective risk communication of IT/IA risk to non-IT personnel. This research has implications for both IT/IA practitioners and recipients of risk communication through the identification of factors which influence IT/IA professionals in how and why IT/IA risk communication take place, and consequently, how to simplify and improve its effectiveness.
Building Entrepreneurial Networking Quality to Improve the Success of Innovation and Batik SMEs Performance
Authors: Ardyan Elia , Rahmawan Ginanjar , Isstianto Sunarto
Published: December 2019

This study is to analyze the improving of the success of innovation and Batik SMEs performance by entrepreneurial networking quality, the quality of entrepreneurial trusting, co-creation, and entrepreneurial orientation. The respondents in this study were 63 owners or the managers of Batik SMEs in Solo, Indonesia. SEM-PLS was used as analysis equipment and WARLPPls version 5 was used to analyzing the data. The result of the study showed that, first, the improvement of success on innovating was only significantly by the quality of entrepreneurial networking and the quality of entrepreneurial trust, while entrepreneurial orientation and co-creation were not able to improve the innovation successful. Secondly, the performance of Batik SMEs could improve significantly when it was influenced by the quality of entrepreneurial networking, co-creation, and the success of innovation, while the entrepreneurial orientation and the quality of entrepreneurial trust could not improve the performance of Batik SMEs significantly.
Maximising Value Through IT and Business Alignment
Authors: Haider Abrar , Tang Sureerat Sae
Published: December 2019

Contemporary business organisations need to be responsive to internal as well as external changes. Organisational intuitiveness, being fundamental to this responsiveness, requires that these organisations develop and manage their information processing and management infrastructure to enable an integrated and informed environment. Organisations generally have a deterministic approach to technological infrastructure development and do not give requisite attention to soft factors that shape its use. Information technologies, however, are strategic resources that require supportive human action through appropriate set of roles, responsibilities, and decision rights to works effectively, evolve in use, and enable value on continuous basis. This paper presents a case of an information technologies governance in a financial services organisation. It highlights that governance practices need to be institutionalised in the organisation, such that they become an integral part of the organisational, social, and technical environment of the business.
The Role of Philanthropy on the Strategic Planning Process of a Selective Liberal Arts and Science College
Authors: Webster Wayne P. , Jakeman Rick C. , Swayze Susan
Published: December 2019

This chapter describes how constituencies of a four-year, private liberal arts and science college perceived the effect of philanthropy on the strategic planning process. Due to their reliance upon tuition revenues and private support, liberal arts and science colleges are particularly susceptible to ebbs and flows in the economy. How these institutions plan for the future and the extent to which philanthropy factors into strategic plans provides crucial information about the future of these higher education institutions (Connell, 2006). Gaining a deep understanding of how philanthropy shapes a strategic planning process and the decision-making model that was used during the process provides insight into how philanthropy, strategic planning, and decision-making models intersect to form a new decision-making model, described as feedback and revenue.
Knowledge Leakage when SMEs Participate in Supply Chains
Authors: Aggestam Lena
Published: December 2019

The advantages of sharing knowledge when participating in a Supply Chain (SC) are well established in the literature, but the challenge of knowledge leakage, and how to manage it, is still in its infancy. In order to increase the understanding of knowledge leakage, when SMEs participate in SCs, this study describes types of knowledge that may leak away, how they are valued, and how knowledge leakage can occur. The result includes two frameworks that also have shown to be potentially useful for examining the maturity of a specific SME with regard to knowledge leakages when participating in the SC.
Study on Deformation-Induced Pearlite Transformation in Vanadium Microalloyed Eutectoid Steel
Authors: Zhen Cai , Mao Xin Ping , Bao Si Qian , Gang Zhao
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the hot compression tests were performed to study on deformation-induced pearlite transformation in vanadium microalloyed eutectoid steel. The results showed that volume fraction of deformation -induced pearlite were higher and the pearlite were spheroidized better under lower strain rate and higher strain in vanadium microalloyed steel. Ferrite grains and granular cementites were further refined through vanadium microalloying combined with deformation-induced pearlite transformation .Vanadium dissolved in γmatrix could retard deformation-induced pearlite transformation under low strain, vanadium carbides precipitated due to strain-induced precipitation eliminate the retardation when the strain was increased to a certain extent. Under heavy deformation, ferrite grains and granular cementites in vanadium microalloyed steel were finer compared with vanadium free steel.
Influence of Mix Fly and Bottom Ashes from Biomass on Selected Properties of Cement Mortars
Authors: Ulewicz Malgorzata , Jura Jakub
Published: December 2019

The preliminary results of utilization of fly and bottom ash from combustion of biomass for the produce of cement mortars has been presented. Currently, this waste are deposited in industrial waste landfills. The chemical composition of waste materials was determined using X-ray fluorescence (spectrometer ARL Advant 'XP). ). In the studies sand was replaced by mix of fly and bottom ash from the combustion of biomass in an amount of 10-30% by weight of cement CEM I 42.5 R (Cemex). The obtained cement mortar concrete were subjected to microscopic examination (LEO Electron Microscopy Ltd.) and their compressive strength (PN-EN-196-1), frost resistance (PN-EN 1015-11 and PN-B -04500 ) and absorbability (PN-85/B-04500) were identified. The obtained results showed, the replacement of the cement by mix ashes from combustion of biomass reduce consumption of raw materials and will have a good influence on the environment.
On the Interaction at Anti-Flat Deformation of Stress Concentrators of the Type of Cracks and Stringers with Regard to the Layer Manufactured from Miscellaneous Materials
Authors: Grigoryan Nune , Mkrtchyan Mher
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we consider the problem of determining the basic characteristics of the stress state of a composite in the form of a piecewise homogeneous elastic layer reinforced along its extreme edges by stringers of finite lengths and containing a collinear system of an arbitrary number of cracks at the junction line of heterogeneous materials. It is assumed that stringers along their longitudinal edges are loaded with tangential forces, and along their vertical edges - with horizontal concentrated forces. In addition, the cracks are laden with distributed tangential forces of different intensities. The case is also considered when the lower edge of the composite layer is free from the stringer and rigidly clamped. It is believed that under the action of these loads, the composite layer in the direction of one of the coordinate axes is in conditions of anti-flat deformation (longitudinal shift). Using the Fourier integral transform, the solution of the problem is reduced to solving a system of singular integral equations (SIE) of three equations. The solution of this system is obtained by a well-known numerical-analytical method for solving the SIE using Gauss quadrature formulas by the use of the Chebyshev nodes. As a result, the solution of the original system of SIE is reduced to the solution of the system of systems of linear algebraic equations (SLAE). Various special cases are considered, when the defining SIE and the SLAE of the task are greatly simplified, which will make it possible to carry out a detailed numerical analysis and identify patterns of change in the characteristics of the tasks.
Functional Expression of the P2X7 ATP Receptor Requires Eros
Authors: Ryoden Yuta , Fujii Toshihiro , Segawa Katsumori , Nagata Shigekazu
Published: December 2019

In response to extracellular ATP, the purinergic receptor P2X7 mediates various biological processes, including phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) exposure, phospholipid scrambling, dye uptake, ion transport, and IL-1β production. A genome-wide CRISPR screen for molecules responsible for ATP-induced PtdSer exposure identified a transmembrane protein, essential for reactive oxygen species (Eros), as a necessary component for P2X7 expression. An Eros-null mouse T cell line lost the ability to expose PtdSer, to scramble phospholipids, and to internalize a dye YO-PRO-1 and Ca2+ ions. Eros-null mutation abolished the ability of an LPS-primed human THP-1 macrophage cell line and mouse bone marrow–derived macrophages to secrete IL-1β in response to ATP. Eros is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and functions as a chaperone for NADPH oxidase components. Similarly, Eros at the endoplasmic reticulum transiently associated with P2X7 to promote the formation of a stable homotrimeric complex of P2X7. These results indicated that Eros acts as a chaperone not only for NADPH oxidase, but also for P2X7, and contributes to the innate immune reaction.
Maturation of an Antimicrobial Peptide Inhibits Aeromonas hydrophila Infection in Crayfish
Authors: Zhao Bao-Rui , Zheng Yi , Gao Jie , Wang Xian-Wei
Published: December 2019

Rapid synthesis and release of active antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is an important strategy in innate immune. Processing of the precursor into the active form is a common posttranslational modification of AMPs in mammals. However, in invertebrates, the mechanism of AMP maturation is largely unknown. In the current study, to our knowledge, a novel potential AMP, designated as PcnAMP, was identified because of its significant induction by bacterial infection in the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). PcnAMP was cleaved into a short fragment postinfection. Using the purified native peptide, this cleavage was found to be mediated by trypsin after synthesis. Proteolysis produced an N-terminal peptide that exerted the antibacterial function. Although the N-terminal peptide did not show significant similarity to any other sequences, it was predicted to have an overall helical structure and high amphipathicity, both of which are typical features of many AMPs. The N-terminal active peptide exhibited a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Atomic force microscope imaging and flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with the active form of PcnAMP led to the collapse of the bacterial cell wall and permeabilization of the bacterial cell membrane. Thus, this study provided a new candidate for therapeutic agent development, and revealed new insights into the maturation of AMPs in invertebrates.
Il dibattito in Bioetica - Quale sorte per i resti umani dell’aborto? La sepoltura fetale nella normativa statale e regionale
Authors: Persano Fabio
Published: December 2019

Non disponibile.
Effect of Bicarbonate on Growth of the Oleaginous Microalga Botryococcus braunii
Authors: Salbitani Giovanna , Barone Carmela M. A. , Carfagna Simona
Published: December 2019

The effect of bicarbonate, produced by the enzymatic hydration of CO2 from postcombustion fumes, was investigated on Botryococcus braunii growth. The NaHCO3, supplied to cultures in the role of inorganic carbon source is proposed as a more eco-sustainable alternative to gaseous CO2. The salt was provided to the cultures at the final concentration of 0.5–1.5–2.5 g L−1. The growth rate was considered for specific time intervals (T0–T5, T5–T10 and T0–T10) showing values significantly higher in the culture supplemented with 2.5 g L−1 bicarbonate. The doubling times were also considered in all experimental cultures showing a faster doubling for the period T0 ÷ T5. The increase in pH drives the increase in growth in the experimental conditions in which the salt was added. The results suggest that bicarbonate is able to promote the algal growth, therefore it can be considered a valid alternative to CO2 gas.
Electrical Waveform Measurement of Spark Energy and its Effect on Lean Burn SI Engine Combustion
Authors: Yu Xiao , Zhu Hua , Zheng Ming , Li Liguang
Published: December 2019

The conventional transistor coil ignition system with coil-out energy up to 100 mJ might not be sufficient to establish a self-sustained flame kernel under lean combustion with strong in-cylinder flow motion. Further increase of the discharge current will decrease the voltage across the spark gap, which will affect the calculation of the energy delivered to the spark gap. In this paper, the relationship between the discharge current and gap voltage is investigated, and it is discovered that the spark energy doesn,t increase monotonously with the increase of the discharge current. However, engine test results still indicate a positive impact of discharge current amplitude on the engine performance.
TAIZAC -TAndem Injectors Zapping ACtivation- for Thermal Efficiency Improvement of Diesel Engine
Authors: Aizawa Tetsuya , Akiyama Shinobu , Shimada Taizo , Toyama Yoshiaki , Nishikawa Yuya , Saruwatari Soshu , Noguchi Yoshiro
Published: December 2019

In order to explore the potential of thermal efficiency improvement of diesel engines with injection rate shaping, TAIZAC (TAndem Injectors Zapping ACtivation) injector consisting of commercially available two common-rail injectors was developed in-house. A simple architecture adopted for TAIZAC injector consists of an upper injector connected to a high pressure source, a lower injector injecting into the cylinder and sealing parts between the two injectors. A fast response piezo-actuated injector (G3P) was employed as the upper one with an additionally drilled large axial orifice for faster fuel supply. A solenoid-actuated injector (G4S) was employed as the lower one for its applicability to inner volume reduction by body cut. Control of injection timing and duration of the upper injector realized not only the originally targeted inversed-delta injection rate shaping, but also sharper rise of initial injection rate and modulation of injection pressure among and during multi-injection pulses. Single cylinder diesel engine performance tests were conducted to demonstrate the effects of a combination of 100MPa low pressure pre and pilot injections, sharper rise of initial injection rate and inversed-delta rate shaping for 200MPa high pressure main injection. Compared to the case of conventional G4S injector, TAIZAC injector case exhibited 1.4pt improvement of indicated thermal efficiency mainly due to 2.3pt reduced cooling loss.