bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Variations of Coconut Oil and Palm Oil on the Characteristics of Soap Bars Containing 7% Concentration of Moringa Oleifera Oil
Authors: Ermawati Dian , Ayu Wardani Ennida Atri Terinda , Rahmasari Dyah
Published: September 2022

Soap is one of the cosmetic products used for skin care. Natural soaps are beginning to be embraced by society. In this research, a formulation of natural soap bars containing moringa oil (Moringa oleifera) with coconut oil, palm oil, and olive oil as a base was made. This study aimed to determine the effect of variations of different coconut oil : palm oil ratio combinations (31% : 34%, 29% : 36%, 27% : 38%) on the physico-chemical characteristics (organoleptic, pH, foam stability, moisture content, hardness and free alkaline or fatty acids) of oat scrub soap bars containing 7% moringa oil. The data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. The results showed that there was a significant effect of variations of coconut oil and palm oil combinations on the following characteristics of the oat scrub soap bars: hardness, moisture content, foam stability and free fatty acids. Based on the physico-chemical characteristics of formula I to formula III, these formulations fulfill the requirements according to SNI 3532:2016, and so can be made into commercial soap bars.
Keywords: soap bars, moringa oil, Moringa oleifera, coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil
The Effect of House Environmental Factors on the Incidence of Pneumonia in Toddlers
Authors: Prihant Gita Sekar , Widati Karina Cahya , Yovi P Tesa , Dewi A Zahrina , Kirtanti Windy , Restu A Moh. Ivan , Elvaretta Sheila Eka , Susilo Agus Achmad , Audiawiyanti P Tiara Juli , . Friska , Putri Ardiani
Published: September 2022

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract and it is a leading cause of death in toddlers around the world, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Environmental factors have an important role in the incidence of pneumonia. This study aimed to determine the house environmental factors that influence the incidence of pneumonia in children < 60 months in the working area of Public Health Center P. This study used a cross-sectional design that involved 114 children (aged < 60 months) with their mothers. We conducted interviews and observations, and filled in the 9 checklists of the house environment: floor type, wall type, ventilation, density, cooking fuel, smoking habit, humidity, light intensity, and temperature. The data were analyzed with the Chi-square test and logistic regression. The results showed that the factors of the house enviroment affecting pneumonia in children < 60 months were light intensity (p = 0.001; OR = 5.032; 95% CI = 1.94, 13.046), humidity (p = 0.003; OR = 6.98; 95% CI = 1.91, 25.421) and density (p = 0.019; OR = 3.140; 95% CI = 1.21, 8.154). Preventive programs from health workers are very important (i.e., counseling and health education). Support from local government and the community is necessary to promote healthy households.
Keywords: pneumonia, children < 60 months, house environment
The Effect of Education Using Slide Media on Students' Knowledge of Antacid Drug Self-Medication
Authors: Hikmiyah Risalatul , Almuhtarihan Irsan Fahmi , Sendi Lia Yunita Ika Ratna Hidayati , Titani Mutiara , Atmadani Rizka Novia
Published: September 2022

Self-medication is a person’s attempt to self-treat themself. In previous studies, it has been stated that the level of knowledge of students regarding self-medication of antacid drugs is lacking, so education is needed to increase students’ knowledge of how to carry out self-medication properly. Slide media is an educational tool that can be more effective than leaflets for health promotion. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education using slide media on students’ knowledge about self-medication of antacid drugs at the Luhur Islamic Boarding School in Malang City. This was quantitative research with a pre-experimental method and one-group pretest-posttest research design. The sampling was carried out non-randomly with the number of samples determined by the Slovin formula, and 68 respondents were selected. Respondents filled out the pretest to determine their knowledge of antacid self-medication, then education on the subject was given by using PowerPoint slides and respondents were given a posttest afterwards. The findings showed that education about self-medication of antacid drugs using slide media had a significant effect on students’ knowledge at the Luhur Islamic Boarding School.
Keywords: self-medication, antacids, education, PowerPoint slides media, knowledge level
Formulation of Peel-Off Masks Containing Duwet Leaf Extract (Syzygium Cumini)
Authors: Asmiati Elva , Rahmasari Dyah , Winata Dita Ayu , Prinastiti Ilmi Nisak , Kartika Sari Melinia , Indah Rizka Ayu , Nugraheni Raditya Weka
Published: September 2022

The main cause of premature aging of the skin is the presence of free radicals which are created by UV rays. The use of antioxidants is a promising option for overcoming these problems. Duwet (Syzygium cumini) is a natural source of antioxidants. A peel-off mask is a cosmetic product which forms an easy to peel-off layer on the skin’s surface. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, irritation effect, and stability of duwet leaf extract peel-off mask preparations. Duwet leaf extract was macerated by a methanol solvent and formulated into the peel-off masks with a concentration of 1%, 3%, and 5%. The results showed that the preparation produced good characteristics with a drying time of fewer than 30 minutes and showed significant antioxidant activity with the highest inhibition in the preparation with 3% duwet leaf extract. This preparation also had no irritating effect on CAM and was stable during storage using freeze-thaw and real-time methods. It can be concluded that duwet leaf extract can be used as an active agent for anti-aging peel-off masks.
Keywords: duwet leaf extract, peel-off mask, physicochemical characteristics, stability test, antioxidant activity, irritation effect
Knowledge Levels About Dietary Hyperemesis Gravidarum in First Trimester Pregnant Women at a University Gynecology Polyclinic
Authors: Harini Ririn , Parwati Tunjung Werdi , Dwi Marta Ollyvia Freeska
Published: September 2022

Knowledge about nutrition in pregnant women affects the health of their babies. The level of knowledge of mothers is influenced by experience, educational factors, the social environment, facilities and infrastructure, as well as the degree of counseling they receive. A hyperemesis gravidarum diet for pregnant women in the first trimester is very important for the health of the fetus. When pregnant women lack appropriate nutrition, it can result in abnormal fetal development. This study used descriptive methods. Data collection was through a questionnaire on the level of knowledge of hyperemesis gravidarum diet in first trimester pregnant women at the Gynecology Department of Muhammadiyah University Hospital in Malang. The research sample consisted of 50 respondents recruited through purposive sampling. The characteristics of the women were: average age = 29 years, primigravidas = 29 women (58%), college = 30 (60%), housewives = 15 (30%), and level of knowledge of diet hyperemesis = 28 (56%). Education was a prediposing factor. The results showed that the knowledge level of hyperemesis gravidarum diet in the first trimester pregnant women was in the good category. This may have been because these women all had a college level of education.
Keywords: nowledge level, hyperemesis gravidarum diet, first trimester
In Vitro Antimicrobial Potential of Impatiens Balsamina Flower Against Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli and Candida Albicans
Authors: Inayah Aghnia Fuadatul , Rofida Siti , Yusetyani Lilik , Erfan Muhammad , Faulina Dinasty Lintang Alhaj , Mufidah Selvia , Shabrina Hafidhah , Wazilah Nur , Sari Yenny Endah , Agustina Wati Nindya Alfa Dicha , Adellina Parista , Fatimawati Girsang Dinda Oni Tsarah
Published: September 2022

The search for new drugs to treat cases of infection continues. This is because the microorganisms that cause infection continue to mutate as a form of self-defense which causes resistance to antibiotics. One strategy for finding new drugs is through the exploration of active ingredients derived from plants that have been used empirically by the community. Impatiens balsamina is a plant that has been shown to have antibacterial, antifungal, antipruritic, and anti-allergic characteristics. The ethanol extract of the Impatiens balsamina flower contains secondary metabolites such as naphthoquinones, coumarin derivatives, flavonoids, steroids, quinones, and saponins. This study aimed to obtain the active ingredient of the Impatiens balsamina flower which is used as an herbal medicine in the treatment of infection. A multilevel extraction process was carried out using solvents of different polarity, so that fractions containing nonpolar compounds, semipolar compounds, and polar compounds were obtained. Then, each fraction was tested for antimicrobial potency. Antimicrobial testing in vitro was carried out using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that the secondary metabolites contained in the hexane fraction were terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and anthraquinone compounds. Secondary metabolites contained in the ethyl acetate fraction were alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and anthraquinone compounds. Secondary metabolites contained in the ethanol fraction were terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and anthraquinone compounds. The hexane fraction had the best percentage of inhibition and percentage of effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans.
Keywords: antimicrobial, fractionation, Impatiens balsamina L flower, disc diffusion
Monitoring, Evaluation and Assessment of the Use of Personal Protective Equipment
Authors: Mashfufa Erma Wahyu , Insiah Dewi , Aini Nur , Setyowati Lilis , Dwi Marta Ollyvia Freeska , Prasetyo Yoyok Bekti
Published: September 2022

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is a set of safety tools that are used by workers to protect themselves against the potential hazards of the work environment and accidents from occupational diseases. In practice, the use of PPE has not been optimized yet, and there are still many findings that the use of PPE is not yet appropriate, including in hospitals. One of the tasks of the Infection Prevention Control (IPC) team is to monitor, evaluate and assess the use of PPE. This study used a descriptive research design and was conducted in a hospital in Malang. There was a sample size of 50 respondents consisting of IPC nurses, IPC link nurses, and the person in charge of the shifts. Data were collected using a monitoring questionnaire, and an evaluation questionnaire using the context, input, process and product model proposed by Daniel Stuffebeams. 48% of the respondents stated that monitoring of use of PPE by the IPC team (IPC nurses, IPC link nurses, the person in charge of the shift) was insufficient. The activity of evaluating the use of PPE was considered poor (54%). Observation of the use of PPE was fairly good (35%). The monitoring, evaluation and assessment of the use of PPE carried out by the IPC team at the hospital was not optimal. However, the observations by the researchers showed that nurses’ obedience in using PPE was good.
Keywords: infection prevention control, infection, personal protective equipment, monitoring, evaluation
Causes of Death in Patients with COVID-19 at Muhammadiyah University General Hospital of Malang
Authors: Nico PN Kiageng , Rudiardi Agung , Cahyaharnita Rezky Ami , Djunaedi Djoni
Published: September 2022

The global death rate from COVID-19 is 2.1%, while it is 3.2% in Indonesia. There were 81 deaths (32%) out of the 244 total COVID-19 cases at Muhammadiyah University General Hospital of Malang in July 2021. This study examined the immediate causes and conditions leading to these deaths in COVID-19 patients. We aimed to describe several causes of death defined in the death certificate compared with the autopsy findings based on previous literature. This was a retrospective and analytical observational study. There was a death rate of 40.7% in the emergency department, 22.0% in the intensive care unit and 37.0% outside of the intensive care unit. Respiratory failure was the main immediate cause of death with 77 cases (95.06%). Covid-19 pneumonia was the main condition leading to death with 61 cases (75.31%). These data are expected to encourage clinicians to better understand and perceive the circumstances under which a patient may progress from severe infection towards death and manage such cases more efficiently.
Keywords: causes of death, COVID-19, immediate condition leading to causes of death, emergency room, non-ICU, ICU
Risk Factors of Hypertension in Adolescents: A Literature Review
Authors: Ubaidillah Zaqqi , Almahbubah Zakiata Shofurok , Ruhyanudin Faqih , Al Husna Chairul Huda
Published: September 2022

The increasing prevalence of hypertension in adolescents is a growing public health problem. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for hypertension in adolescents. A literature review was conducted and 20 relevant articles were found by searching in Pubmed (n = 7), Proquest (n = 6), Science Direct (n = 3), and Google Scholar (n = 4). The data search keywords were “risk factor AND hypertension AND adolescents OR teenager OR juvenile”. According to the results, risk factors for hypertension in adolescents include high birth weight, alcohol consumption, smoking, consuming fast food rich in salt, environmental factors, and exposure to particulate matter and air pollution. Most of the risk factors for hypertension in adolescents are related to obesity.
Keywords: risk factors, hypertension, adolescents, tenageer, juvenile
Laboratory Examinations of Employees of Muhammadiyah University General Hospital of Malang Infected With COVID-19
Authors: Chumairoh Nur , Djunaedi Djoni , Fajri Ro'di Nur , Suryaningsih Indah Ika
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 can symptomatically and asymptomatically affect patients. Asymptomatic cases have become a particular concern for public health in the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the simple tests for COVID-19 is the complete blood count that can predict systemic inflammation and disease severity. The description of laboratory tests in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients is rarely reported. This study aimed to compare the laboratory test results of both symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 employees of the Muhammadiyah University General Hospital of Malang. Data were taken from medical records. Diagnoses of COVID-19 were confirmed by nasopharynx-oropharynx PCR swab. Patient characteristics included age, gender, and values of hemoglobin, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, NLR and CRP from two different groups: symptomatic and asymptomatic infected employees. There were 104 COVID-19 infected employees at the hospital from April 2020 to February 2021. Female infected employees (52.9%) were more numerous male infected employees. Employees aged 21-30 years accounted for 53.84% of the total cases. The numbers of symptomatic and asymptomatic employees were 10 employees (9.6%) and 94 employees (90.4%), respectively. There was a significant difference between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups in the numbers of lymphocytes (p = 0.03) and CRP (p = 0.046). There were no significant differences in the other laboratory results. Lymphopenia and increased CRP numbers more often occurred in the symptomatic group compared to the asymptomatic group. Therefore, these parameters can be an indicator for predicting disease severity. However, further research is needed with a bigger sample.
Keywords: COVID-19, symptomatic, asymptomatic, Muhammadiyah University General Hospital of Malang
Activity of Secondary Metabolites of Momordica Charantia as a DNA Gyrase Inhibitor of Helicobacter Pylori: Homology Modelling and Molecular Docking
Authors: Anggraeni Amaliyah Dina , Muchlisin M. Artabah
Published: September 2022

Helicobacter pylori can induce gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer. H. pylori is also responsible for causing oropharynx, endocrine, respiratory, central nervous system, eye, and reproductive system diseases. Treatment of H. pylori includes relieving gastritis or pain but this is not specific for H. pylori. Therefore, it is necessary to develop drugs of new therapeutic molecules to treat H. pylori. The purpose of this study was to determine which metabolite compounds from the Momordica charantia plant could provide activity as a DNA gyrase inhibitor. The target protein used in this study was prepared using the homology modeling method with the SWISS-MODEL web tools. Secondary metabolite compounds of M. charantia were processed using SwissADME web tools to find predictions for their pharmacokinetic profiles. The secondary metabolite compounds used for molecular docking using autodock 4.2 were compounds in the BOILED-Egg method range. From the homology modeling results, the quaternary structure quality estimate was 0.57 and the global mean quality estimate was 0.52. From the BOILED-Egg, six compounds were predicted to have good bioavailability. The molecular docking found that diosgenin had the lowest binding free energy (-5.35 kcal/mol) and inhibition constant (119.52 uM), so it was predicted that diosgenin could be used as an inhibitor of DNA gyrase in H. pylori.
Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, DNA gyrase, Momordica charantia, homology modelling, molecular docking
Formulation of Tablets of Rosella Petal (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Extract With Gum Arabic as a Binder
Authors: Fanani Zaenal , Hasriyani . , Rosyidah Kharisma Aprilita , Fadel Muhammad Nurul , Yulianti Nur Fajria
Published: September 2022

Rosella petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa) have antioxidant activity from anthocyanins, which are part of the flavonoids that produce the red color of the petals. Rosella petal extract can be made into chewable tablets for consumption. The purpose of this study was to produce chewable tablets of rosella petal extract using gum arabic as a binder. This was experimental quantitative research. Chewable tablets of rosella petal extract were made in 3 formulas with various concentrations of gum arabic: F1 (10%), F2 (15%) and F3 (20%). The chewable tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method. Variations in the gum arabic concentration as a binder can influence the physical properties of the tablets produced, including hardness, friability and taste response. If the concentration of gum arabic is larger, it will make the tablet harder and lessen the friability of the tablet.
Keywords: chewable, rosella, petals, gum arabic
The Association Between Pain and the Risk of Falling in the Elderly With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wardojo Sri Sunaringsih Ika , Rosadi Rakhmad , Amanati Suci , Putra Yudha Wahyu , Barrah .
Published: September 2022

The risk of falling is a major problem for the elderly with knee osteoarthritis. Factors that increase the risk of falling include postural disorders caused by pain. Severe pain affects the functional activities of the elderly. This might lead to weakened muscles and exacerbate the loss of postural control or impaired balance, which increases the risk of falling. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between pain and the risk of falling in the elderly in Malang. It was conducted through a cross-sectional study with 53 participants recruited from a healthcare center in Malang. These participants were all diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis and were aged above 55 years old. The VAS scale was used to measure the pain level, while the Hopkins Falls Grading scale was used to measure the risk of falling. The Spearman test analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between pain and the risk of falling (r = 0.46, p < 0.05).
Keywords: pain, risk of fall, knee osteoarthritis, elderly
The Effect of Education Using PowerPoint on Students' Knowledge Regarding Self-Medication of Common Cold Drugs
Authors: Yunita Sendi Lia , Hidayah Nuril , Hidayati Ika Ratna
Published: September 2022

Self-medication is a treatment that is carried out independently without getting advice from a doctor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education using PowerPoint slides on students’ knowledge about self-medication of common cold medicines at the Luhur Islamic Boarding School in Malang City. This was preexperimental research with a one group pre-test post-test design. 68 students were recruited through non-probability purposive sampling. A questionnaire was given pre-test and post-test and the data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon test. Based on the results, it could be concluded that there was a significant influence of education on the knowledge of the students of the Malang City Luhur Islamic Boarding School about self-medication of common cold medicines.
Keywords: common cold, education, PowerPoint slide, knowledge level
Development of Liposomal Dry Powder Inhalation to Increase the Effectiveness of Tuberculosis Therapy
Authors: Nugraheni Raditya Weka
Published: September 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most threatening infectious diseases for Indonesian people. The number of TB patients in 2020 was estimated at 845,000 people with 98,000 deaths. One of the factors that causes difficulty in TB therapy is the lack of adherence and the slow development of new antibiotics when antibiotic resistance appears. The development of nanotechnology-based preparation has the potential to increase the therapeutic effectiveness of the active ingredients, such as in the dry powder inhaler form, which allows the active ingredients to be delivered efficiently to the lungs as the target organs.
Keywords: tuberculosis, liposomes, antibiotics, dry powder inhalation
Pharmacist Knowledge Level About the Selection of Facial Wash
Authors: Titani Mutiara , Nuraini Dita , Rahmasari Dyah
Published: September 2022

Cosmetics are materials or preparations made to be used on the outside of the human body (such as on the hair, nails, lips, epidermis, and external genital organs), on mucous membranes, with the aim of cleaning, perfuming, changing the appearance, and/or maintaining and protecting the body’s condition. Facial soap is a type of cosmetics that tends to be widely used by the public to clean the face from various impurities that come from the environment. In choosing cosmetics such as a facial wash, people must have basic knowledge about the products. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of pharmacists about the selection of facial wash and the relationship between the level of knowledge and the selection of facial wash. This was a descriptive analytical study. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 75 people. Data retrieval was with a questionnaire that has been validated, and data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. It was found that 84% of the respondents had good knowledge in the pretest and 97.4% on the posttest. A significantly influential factor affecting the reason for using a particular facial wash was seeing information on how to use it on the packaging (p = 0.001).
Keywords: pharmacist, facial wash, knowledge
Activity of Ethanol Extract of Homalomena Occulta Rhizome in Inhibiting Kidney Stone Formation in Wistar Rats
Authors: Astuti Engrid Juni , Ernawati Susi , Basuki Sovia Aprina , Muchlisin M. Artabah
Published: September 2022

Homalomena occulta is a plant that grows in Madiun, especially Caruban. Patients can overcome kidney stone disease by boiling the H. occulta (nampu) rhizome with water. The present study aimed to evaluate the antilithiatic effect of the ethanol extract of the H. occulta rhizome in preventing nephrolithiasis in rats. Ethylene glycol was used to induce the urolithiasis in the Wistar rats. The rats were divided into six groups, namely I (normal), II (ethylene glycol induced), III (commercial drug treated, Cystone® 750 mg/kg BW), IV (H. occulta rhizome extract treated, dose 250 mg/kg BW), V (H. occulta rhizome extract treated, dose 500 mg/kg BW), and VI (H. occulta rhizome extract treated, dose 1000 mg/kg BW).
Keywords: kidney stone, ethylene glycol, calcium level, Homalomena occulta
Factors Affecting the Level of Community Knowledge on the Use of Antacid Medication
Authors: Umaroh Ike Laili Agustin , Hidayati Ika Ratna , Titani Mutiara
Published: September 2022

Knowledge can be affected by internal and external factors. Internal factors include education, age, occupation and experience, while external factors include the environment, economy and information. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of public knowledge of the use of antacid drugs in several pharmacies in Lowokwaru District, Malang City. This was a descriptive study that examined health problems that occur in this particular community. This study used a cross-sectional approach. Incidental or accidental sampling was used to obtain 96 respondents. The results of the Chi-square test showed that, among the 7 factors examined, there were 2 factors that had a significant influence on the level of public knowledge about the self-medication of antacid drugs, namely education (p < 0.001) and employment (p = 0.005).
Keywords: ulcer, drug use, antacids, self-medication, knowledge level
Pain Experience After Caesarean Section: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Dwi Marta Ollyvia Freeska , Nurhaliza Siti , Aini Nur , Setyowati Lilis , Mashfufa Erma Wahyu , Ariani Tutu April
Published: September 2022

Pain is a sensory experience that is most often felt by a person when experiencing an injury. Pain is classified as a positive sensory disturbance. In essence, pain cannot be interpreted and cannot be measured, but it cannot be denied that pain is an unpleasant feeling. Caesarean section surgery performed on the mother has a side effect of pain that occurs due to network connectivity and surgery. The purpose of this study was to describe the pain experience of patients after their caesarean section. In this study, three themes were obtained, namely: 1) pain experiences; 2) disturbed sleep patterns; and 3) causes of caesarean section. From this study it is hoped that mothers can share their experiences of pain.
Keywords: pain, experience, caesarian section
Parents' Efforts to Assist Delayed Walking in Children
Authors: Ilmiasih Reni , Aini Ika Nur , Alifatin Aini , Anggraini Ika Rizky , Aini Nurul
Published: September 2022

Indicators of child development include the ability to walk at the age of approximately 18 months. If at this stage the child is not able to walk without being held, it can be said that the child has delayed walking. There are several factors involved in delayed walking, including motor, genetic and temperament. Giving stimulation is an effort made by adults in providing the optimal facilities and opportunities to achieve optimal development. The purpose of this study was to determine the efforts of parents in accompanying delayed walking in children. This was qualitative research with a case study approach. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using domain analysis and triangulation was carried out. The results were consolidated into 4 themes, namely: 1) non-medical therapy, with 2 sub-themes: a) bringing children to traditional therapy, and b) doing light massage on children’s feet; 2) providing stimulation of walking exercises, with 3 sub-themes: a) stimulation of walking with toys, b) stimulation of walking with exercise, and c) environmental modification; 3) fulfillment of nutrition in supporting motor skills, with 2 sub-themes: a) providing vitamins, and b) providing food with adequate nutrition; and 4) providing rewards.
Keywords: arents’ efforts, stimulation, delayed walking
The Effect of Wearing a Mask on Health and Comfort During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mashfufa Erma Wahyu , Neditiya Zakiyatul Ulyah , Dwi Marta Ollyvia Freeska , Aini Nur , Setyowati Lilis
Published: September 2022

The Coronavirus that originated in Hubei province, China was declared a global public health emergency and pandemic. To prevent an increase in the number of COVID-19 patients, the Indonesian Government is undertaking a policy mandating that everyone wears a mask. Masks are used to protect people from droplets. The use of masks during the COVID-19 pandemic is highly recommended by many international authorities. The prolonged use of masks can affect a person’s health and discomfort. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using masks on health and comfort. This was a descriptive analytical study which used a cross-sectional design. 73 respondents were recruited by total sampling. Data collection was through questionnaires and observations, while data analysis was conducted using logistic regression. The results showed that the effect of using a mask on health was 2.7% and the effect of using a mask on comfort was 64.4%. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that there is an effect of using a mask on comfort
Keywords: mask, health, comfort, pandemic, COVID-19
Play Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in Children During Hospitalization: A Literature Review
Authors: Salsabila Permata , Anggraini Ika Rizki , Alifatin Aini , Aini Nurul
Published: September 2022

Hospitalization is a form of individual stressor for children, forcing them to adapt to the hospital environment. Adjusting to a new foreign environment such as a hospital can cause anxiety in children. One of the actions taken to overcome hospitalization anxiety is play therapy. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of play therapy used to reduce anxiety levels in children during hospitalization. This was a literature review and a total of 15 articles were found by searching through the Google Scholar, PubMed, and ProQuest databases. Skill play and dramatic role play, which are based on content, were the play therapies that were most widely used, found in 12 of 15 articles. Play therapies based on social characteristics included solitary play and associative play, which were found in 9 of 15 articles.
Keywords: play therapy, anxiety, children, hospitalization
The Relationship Between Sociodemographic Factors and Self Management in Stroke Patients
Authors: Elma . , Setyowati Lilis , Aini Nur , Dwi Marta Ollyvia Freeska , Mashfufa Erma Wahyu , Amalia Dinda
Published: September 2022

Stroke is very common in society and can cause physical disability and even death. Stroke can be affected by poor self-management. Sociodemographic factors can influence self-management. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and self-management in stroke patients. This study used an observational approach with a cross-sectional design. 64 people were recruited using purposive sampling. The inclusion criteria included patients with a stroke diagnosis, who were conscious and able to communicate both verbally and in writing. Data collection was through the SSMQ questionnaire and data analysis involved the Chi-square test. The results indicated that most of the respondents had good self-management (64.1%). There was no significant influence of age (p = 0.111), gender (p = 0.885), occupation (p = 0.596), stroke duration (p = 0.182) or education (p = 0.588) on self-management. Income had a significant relationship with self-management of (p = 0.044).
Keywords: sociodemography, self management, stroke
Patrimonio arqueológico, puesta en valor y restauración en Ollantaytambo
Authors: Garcia Bengoechea Pablo
Published: September 2022

Este artículo examina la historia de los trabajos de restauración ejecutados en los últimos cuarenta años aproximadamente en el sitio inca de Ollantaytambo, en la región Cusco. La información recogida procede principalmente de entrevistas realizadas con profesionales relevantes para el estudio, así como de trabajo de archivo. Más que detenerse en lo apropiado o no de las soluciones técnicas implementadas desde el punto de vista de los estándares y las expectativas internacionales, el foco se dirige a las razones subyacentes que han motivado cambios en la apariencia física del sitio. Algunos factores que se exploran son los principios de restauración en juego durante las distintas intervenciones, el papel de la fotografía y la visibilidad, la relación entre el patrimonio tangible e intangible y la influencia del turismo en un área inspirada visualmente por los poderos imaginarios de Machu Picchu. El argumento sostiene que la historia de las restauraciones en el sitio es problemática de tal manera que invita a una reevaluación crítica y a un diálogo con debates internacionales sobre conservación y conceptos y prácticas de restauración, como la autenticidad.
Incidence, Occurrence and Classification of Long Bone Fractures in Dogs: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kumar P. Ravi , Prasad V. Devi , Sreenu M. , Naidu G. Venkata , Raju N. Kranthi Bhushan
Published: September 2022

Background: Long bone fracture in small animals has become a problem of concern in urban areas as well as rural areas because of road accidents. Canine long bone fracture cases presented at surgery wards of the hospital during 2017-20 were analysed for determining their incidence, occurrence and classification of fractures. Methods: The present study was conducted on long bone fractures in dogs presented to the surgery ward of SVVU Super Speciality Veterinary Hospital, Visakhapatnam from 2017 to 2020. Detailed history and signalment was followed by detailed physical examination to determine the site of fracture, extent of soft tissue swelling and presence of open wounds. Radiographic evaluation was done to localize the seat of fracture, to identify the type of fracture and to find out relation between the fracture fragments. Result: Of all the cases of dog patients presented to the surgery ward 2.02% were diagnosed to have fracture of different bones. Fracture of long bones (326), comprised 1.50% of total cases and 74.42% of fractures cases. The highest incidence was recorded in mongrel dogs and the most common affected bone was tibia fibula. Fall from height was reported as an etiological factor in majority of the cases and Juvenile group of animals was found more affected.
Association of Electrical Resistance of Vaginal Mucus (ERVM) with Follicle Diameter and Conception Rate in Crossbred Dairy Cows
Authors: Deka R. , Bhuyan M. , Baruti M. , Gayari I. , Dutta L.J. , Singh C.K. , Rahman C.
Published: September 2022

Background: Estrus detection by observing behavioral signs are time consuming and ineffective method that causes approximately 21 days loss with a significant financial consequence. This study highlights the value of electrical resistance of vaginal mucus (ERVM) during estrus and its association with genital changes, follicle diameter and first service conception rate (FSCR) in crossbred cows. Methods: A total of 400 cows were selected from different states of North-East, India, out of which 200 numbers of cows were examined to determine the ERVM value prior to artificial insemination (AI) by using Draminski estrus detector.The remaining 200 number of animals were examined for studying the association of ERVM with genital changes, follicle diameter and FSCR.The ERVM value obtained prior to AI was divided into three groups such as 150-200 (Group I), 201-250(Group II) and 251-290 (Group III) ohm, comprising 50 animals in each group. A control groups comprising 50 animals were kept in the study.The genital changes were recorded by transrectal palpation and follicle diameters were recorded by using transrectal ultrasonographic (USG) probe. Result: The mean ERVM value prior to AI was 196.26±1.25 ohm.The lowest ERVM value (150-200 and 201-250 ohm) was closely associated with free flowing vaginal discharge, open cervix, moderate tone of uterus and mature graffian follicle.The follicles diameters were differed significantly between groups. The FSCR was found to be higher when the cows were inseminated at ERVM value from 201-250 ohm. The result suggested that, ERVM value can be consider as a suitable tool for detection of proper time of AI in cows.
Breve esbozo de la empresa de familia
Authors: Navarrete Jiménez Clemencia , Gámez Gutierrez Jorge Alberto
Published: September 2022

En años recientes el mundo académico incorporó un nuevo término: la empresa de familia (EF). En Colombia existen miles de EF que representan más del 65% del tejido empresarial y son un objeto de estudio muy llamativo para investigadores y consultores. En esta obra se recogen múltiples definiciones y características de la EF: su gestión, la intención de heredar, las formas de interacción entre familia, empresa y propiedad, los ciclos vitales y los retos de estas organizaciones, cuales son profesionalización e internacionalización. Se presentan varias direcciones de páginas de Internet de instituciones que en el mundo y en Colombia se han dedicado a esta apasionante temática. Se incluyen ejemplos conocidos de EF, algunas características de las familias hoy, la importancia de las EF en la economía y sus mitos, ventajas, desventajas, problemas, conflictos, dilemas y las oportunidades para las ciencias sociales.
Dinámica del agua en el suelo
Authors: Rojas Delgado Ludwig Mauricio
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de esta obra es en introducir al alumno en los principios básicos que gobiernan el movimiento o flujo de agua a través de medios porosos como el suelo. Se presentan diversas metodologías desde la conceptualización teórica, práctica de campo, registro, procesamiento e interpretación de datos, siempre teniendo en cuenta la metodología: “aprender haciendo, enseñar demostrando”. El documento ubica su atención en dos procesos primordiales: 1) la infiltración como un proceso inicial del movimiento del agua en el suelo y, posteriormente, 2) la conductividad hidráulica como el proceso de transmisión de esta.
Elementos de economía matemática
Authors: Casas Hernández Daniel Ricardo
Published: September 2022

El contenido está orientado hacia algunas matemáticas usadas en los diferentes espacios académicos de los programas de Economía, ya que aporta aplicaciones que contribuyen al estudio de elementos básicos de teoría de matrices, funciones multivariadas y métodos de optimización con y sin restricción. Los elementos de economía matemática que se presentan en este texto son el resultado de los apuntes de clase desarrollados para los estudiantes de los cursos de Economía Matemática en la Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería y la Universidad de La Salle.
Análisis de datos experimentales en ingeniería
Authors: Bustamante Lozano Álvaro Mauricio , Dueñas Suaterna Jorge Alberto , Varela Muñoz Daniel Abdón , >Vinasco Téllez Mauricio
Published: September 2022

Este libro llena un vacío didáctico que se ha percibido en los procesos de formación de estudiantes en los campos de las ciencias aplicadas e ingeniería, y que está estrechamente relacionado con los métodos de análisis básico de datos experimentales, que lo ubican como un libro de referencia y consulta apropiada para los primeros años de estudios universitarios dentro de estos ámbitos del conocimiento. Los cinco capítulos que constituyen el libro abordan las nociones fundamentales básicas del proceso de medición, las cantidades, los sistemas de unidades y equivalencias, para luego ahondar en el tratamiento de los errores e incertidumbres propios de la medición experimental. Asimismo, tiende un puente entre los procesos estadísticos y la actividad experimental en física. Ello busca conducir al estudiante a la construcción de un modelo resultante de los datos obtenidos experimentalmente.
¿Cómo se crea el dinero en Colombia?
Authors: Bernal Garzón Manuel
Published: September 2022

Se explica de manera detallada cómo el Banco de la República, banco central de Colombia, en coordinación con el sistema financiero, crea la cantidad de dinero que hay en la economía de este país. Es una interpretación de los conceptos desarrollados en los textos de teoría y política monetaria, aplicados a la realidad de las cifras de la economía colombiana. En una primera parte se explican algunas definiciones de dinero que son necesarias para llegar al concepto de agregado monetario. En la segunda parte se analiza el proceso de creación primaria de dinero, que está a cargo del Banco de la República, mediante la utilización de instrumentos de control monetario que ha diseñado dicha institución. En la tercera parte se expone el proceso de creación secundaria del dinero, que se da por la mediación del sistema financiero al captar recursos de unidades superavitarias y colocarlos en unidades deficitarias de fondos, ampliando la cantidad de dinero que es puesta inicialmente en la economía por el banco central.
10 didactic activities for intermediate english classes
Authors: Urrutia Sánchez Elena
Published: September 2022

This book has been created for both intermediate English students and their English teachers, who will be able to find a variety of activities to complement their English classes. Although this book has been particularly designed for Intermediate English levels and academic spaces at the Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés, such as Language and Communication I II, Language Interaction and Anglophone Society I II, and even Pedagogical Practicum and Formative Research, it can be adapted to several other levels of mastery of the language, as well as to a wide range of educational EFL (English as a Foreign Language) and ESL (English as a Second Language) settings, given the fact that the book's main aim is to provide students with the opportunity to take a prime role as the center of the leaming process of a rich experience of language in use (Krashen, 1989). Such goal can be achieved through didactic class tasks that can ignite the thirst for communicating in English in order to consolidate the concepts already learned in class and, beyond that, by letting go of any fear and anxiety to 'function' well-or 'accurately'-in English class, and sharing their own background knowledge and their own 'self' towards the construction of new ways of thinking and seeing the world that surrounds them within an educational framework.
Administración con énfasis en salud visual y ocular
Authors: Merchán B. Nelson L.
Published: September 2022

Las ciencias de la salud se han visto históricamente relacionadas con el desarrollo productivo de las ciencias de la salud, y hasta hace pocos años los programas educativos de estas profesiones han considerado el incluir las cátedras de administración, gerencia y mercadeo en sus currículos, favoreciendo el futuro profesional y personal del educando. Es por esta misma razón que se considera en este libro que las ciencias administrativas modernas deben presentarse al profesional de la salud visual como una guía de desarrollo motivacional para que cree empresa, genere dividendos y entienda que la dinámica actual de los procesos de salud debe generar ingresos y además lucro social y de bienestar en los usuarios.
Aplicaciones técnicas para las organizaciones
Authors: Méndez Beltrán Jairo Andrés
Published: September 2022

El pensamiento directivo involucra gran cantidad de retos para quienes están al frente de las organizaciones. De manera generalizada, los gerentes se encuentran en un proceso continuo de toma de decisiones en cuanto a estrategias de mercadeo, estructura financiera, apalancamiento, administración de proveedores, administración de talento humano, calidad, etc. Esto lo hacen porque requieren fomentar el incremento de los rendimientos de la organización, lo que se vincula directamente con la generación de utilidades a los accionistas, sin dejar de lado el propósito fundamental de crear valor organizacional. En este sentido, los espacios académicos donde se desarrollan ejercicios presupuestales pretenden acercar a los futuros profesionales con la administración de los recursos de las áreas funcionales, para motivar el fortalecimiento de sus habilidades administrativas. Específicamente, se busca que exista un proceso potenciador de la productividad empresarial, a través de la apropiación de herramientas para el pensamiento estratégico y la creación de instrumentos de simulación. Con esto se esperaría mejorar el futuro organizacional colombiano.
Econometría I
Authors: Ramos Barrera >María Gabriela
Published: September 2022

Este manual busca facilitar el proceso de aprendizaje econométrico del estudiante, que se basa en la relación y combinación entre la teoría económica, la economía matemática y la estadística. La obra involucra herramientas tecnológicas que le dan la posibilidad al investigador de realizar la cuantificación econométrica con amplia facilidad, con mayor certeza y rapidez; para ello, se utiliza el software econometric view (Eviews), además incluye los conceptos y supuestos teóricos así como las bases de los cálculos presentados, con el fin de incrementar el nivel académico de los estudiantes.
Economía de salud animal
Authors: Romero Prada Jaime Ricardo
Published: September 2022

Esta obra busca motivar el uso de técnicas para entender la epidemiología y la economía veterinaria como un todo. Este documento está dividido en tres partes: la conceptualización de epidemiología veterinaria y la forma simbiótica como la economía de salud hace parte de esta ciencia, seguido por la descripción general de los ámbitos de la economía de salud, para finalizar con los tres grandes espacios de aplicación de la economía veterinaria: determinante de enfermedad, impacto de enfermedad y toma de decisiones.
Educación y nuevas tecnologías
Authors: Galindo Cuesta Jairo Alberto
Published: September 2022

Tener entre las manos este libro, el cual promueve el diálogo entre educación y tecnología, no es contar con un manual de talleres de informática; por el contrario, es hacerse a un conjunto de propuestas que buscan plantear al lector el inicio del diálogo necesario entre el potencial creativo de las tecnologías y el mayor de la mente y la comunicación humanas. Por medio de este libro se busca transmitir una serie de preguntas -y posibles respuestas- que abran camino a su curiosidad y sentido de exploración, para que se mantenga actualizado hasta donde le sea posible en este camino de recreación entre las tecnologías, la consolidación y recreación de la identidad humana.
Miravalle
Authors: Galvis Díaz Pablo Iván
Published: September 2022

Este libro recoge relatos de vida y cuentos cortos generados en una de las bibliotecas por la paz durante el proceso de reinserción de algunos excombatientes de las Farc, miembros de la Columna Móvil Teófilo Forero. Durante nueve meses ellos crearon historias y narrativas que permitieron el conocimiento y acercamiento de los participantes a los talleres de extensión bibliotecaria y al contacto con el mundo de los libros. Un contacto que poco a poco fue rompiendo barreras, distancias e ideologías, y permitió que se fueran desdibujando los prejuicios, los camuflados, y aparecieran los sujetos, campesinos, llenos de pasión por la vida y por la generación de acciones pacíficas, quienes, con lápiz y papel, desearon pasar la página de la guerra.
Dispositivos de producción de subjetividades
Authors: Martínez Posada Jorge Eliecer
Published: September 2022

Se trata de un libro-corolario, lugar de llegada de la aventura investigativa de un colectivo que se propone desmontar las lógicas desde las cuales se produce una subjetividad particular en un ámbito específico: juventud y universidad. En este sentido, la propuesta pasa por problematizar la posibilidad de decir algo sobre los y las jóvenes que hay en la universidad, en el intento de desmontar aquellos discursos que permitieron a los jóvenes aparecer y devenir jóvenes en la universidad; es decir, mostrar las formas de como ellos imprimen su huella subjetiva en la experiencia de habitar y ser habitados por la universidad. Desde el registro fenoménico más directo, es evidente que existe cierta coincidencia entre la juventud como una etapa etariamente considerada y la condición de estudiante universitario. Ahora bien, ¿es conveniente asumir naturalmente que los estudiantes son jóvenes?, ¿desde cuál concepción de juventud puede justificarse esto?