bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Material Properties Based on Inverse Finite Element Modelling
Authors: Jamal Mikdam , Morgan Michael
Published: July 2019

This paper describes a new approach that can be used to determine the mechanical properties of unknown materials and complex material systems. The approach uses inverse finite element modelling (FEM) accompanied with a designed algorithm to obtain the modulus of elasticity, yield stress and strain hardening material constants of an isotropic hardening material model, as well as the material constants of the Drucker-Prager material model (modulus of elasticity, cap yield stress and angle of friction). The algorithm automatically feeds the input material properties data to finite element software and automatically runs simulations to establish a convergence between the numerical loading-unloading curve and the target data obtained from continuous indentation tests using common indenter geometries. A further module was developed to optimise convergence using an inverse FEM analysis interfaced with a non-linear MATLAB algorithm. A sensitivity analysis determined that the dual Spherical and Berkovich (S&B) approach delivered better results than other dual indentation methods such as Berkovich and Vickers (B&V) and Vickers and Spherical (V&S). It was found that better convergence values can be achieved despite a large variation in the starting parameter values and / or material constitutive model and such behaviour reflects the uniqueness of the dual S&B indentation in predicting complex material systems. The study has shown that a robust optimization method based on a non-linear least-squares curve fitting function (LSQNONLIN) within MATLAB and ABAQUS can be used to accurately predict a unique set of elastic plastic material properties and Drucker-Prager material properties. This is of benefit to the scientific investigation of properties of new materials or obtaining the material properties at different location of a part which might be not be similar due to manufacturing processes (e.g. different heating and cooling rates at different locations).
PEMBELAJARAN ANALISIS KIMIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE INKUIRI TERBIMBING DAN INKUIRI BEBAS TERMODIFIKASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DITINJAU DARI KREATIVITAS
Authors: Purwati Purwati , Sunarno Widha , Utomo Surya Budi
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara penggunaan inkuiri terbimbing dan inkuiri bebas termodifikasi ditinjau dari kreativitas mahasiswa. Metode kuasi eksperimen, sedangkan populasinya adalah mahasiswa tingkat II semester IV Akademi Analis Kesehatan Nasional Surakarta tahun akademik 2015/2016. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive random sampling terdiri dari 2 kelas yaitu kelas 2B1 dan 2B2. Kelas 2B1 menggunakan pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing, sedangkan 2B2 menggunakan pembelajaran inkuiri bebas termodifikasi.  Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji alternatif ANAVA yaitu Man-Whitney dan Kruskal-Wallis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penggunaan metode inkuiri terbimbing dan inkuiri bebas termodifikasi. Kreativitas mahasiswa mempengaruhi hasil belajar. Penggunaan metode inkuiri terbimbing dan inkuiri bebas termodifikasi terhadap kreativitas mahasiswa memberikan pengaruh pada perolehan nilai hasil belajar.
PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA MELALUI KONSTRUKTIVISME MENGGUNAKAN METODE INKUIRI TERBIMBING DAN INKUIRI BEBAS TERMODIFIKASI DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI DAN SIKAP ILMIAH
Authors: Handaka Arif , Sukarmin Sukarmin , Sunarno Widha
Published: July 2019

Pembelajaran fisika masih teacher centered mengakibatkan pembelajaran lebih menekankan pada pemindahan informasi dari guru kepada siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh  pembelajaran konstruktivisme menggunakan metode inkuiri bebas termodifikasi dan inkuiri terbimbing terhadap prestasi belajar (pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan) peserta didik ditinjau dari sikap ilmiah dan motivasi berprestasi peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen yang dilakukan pada kelas XI di SMA Batik 2 Surakarta semester gasal tahun pelajaran 2015/2016. Penelitian melibatkan pembelajaran konstruktivisme dengan metode inkuiri bebas termodifikasi dan inkuiri terbimbing sebagai variabel bebas, sikap ilmiah dan motivasi berprestasi sebagai variabel moderator, serta prestasi belajar (pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan) peserta didik sebagai variabel terikat. Pengumpulan data prestasi belajar (pengetahuan) dalam bentuk tes tertulis, sedangkan data prestasi belajar (sikap dan keterampilan) dalam bentuk pengamatan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan ANAVA 3 jalan dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2 x 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1) ada perbedaan  pengaruh  pendekatan konstruktivisme menggunakan metode inkuiri bebas termodifikasi dan metode inkuiri terbimbing  terhadap nilai pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan, (2) ada perbedaan  pengaruh antara sikap ilmiah tinggi dan rendah terhadap nilai pengethuan, sikap dan keterampilan, (3) ada perbedaan pengaruh antara motivasi berprestasi tinggi dan rendah terhadap nilai pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan, (4) tidak ada interaksi pengaruh antara pendekatan konstruktivisme menggunakan metode inkuiri bebas termodifikasi dan metode inkuiri terbimbing dengan sikap ilmiah terhadap nilai pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan, (5) tidak ada interaksi  pengaruh antara pembelajaran dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme menggunakan metode inkuiri bebas termodifikasi dan metode inkuiri terbimbing dengan motivasi berprestasi terhadap prestasi pengetahuan siswa, namun memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap nilai sikap dan keterampilan, (6) tidak ada interaksi pengaruh antara sikap ilmiah dengan motivasi berprestasi terhadap prestasi pengetahuan dan keterampilan namun memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap sikap siswa, dan (7) tidak ada interaksi pengaruh antara pembelajaran dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme menggunakan metode inkuiri bebas termodifikasi dan ikuiri terbimbing, sikap ilmiah, dan motivasi berprestasi terhadap prestasi aspek pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BERBASIS INQUIRY LAB PADA MATERI SISTEM GERAK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI SMAN 1 MEJAYAN
Authors: Pranoto Andrias Marstanto Setyo , Sajidan Sajidan , Prayitno Baskoro Adi
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengembangkan modul berbasis  Inquiry Lab untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem gerak, 2) menguji kelayakan modul berbasis Inquiry Lab untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem gerak, 3) menguji keefektivan modul berbasis Inquiry Lab untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem gerak di SMA Negeri 1 Mejayan. Pengembangan modul berbasis Inquiry Lab mengacu pada 9 langkah model Research and development (R&D) dari Borg and Gall (1983) meliputi: 1) penelitian dan pengumpulan data, 2) perencanaan, 3) pengembangan produk, 4) uji coba produk awal, 5) revisi produk I, 6) uji coba lapangan, 7) revisi produk II, 8) uji coba lapangan operasional, 9) revisi produk akhir. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan dua teknik yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif (suwastono, 2011). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: a) Karakteristik Modul Biologi Inquiry Lab pada Materi Sistem Gerak yang dikembangkan menggunakan sintak Inquiry Lab, meliputi observasi, manipulasi, generalisasi, verifikasi dan aplikasi. Setiap kegiatan pembelajaran siswa di arahkan untuk menemukan konsep melalui aktivitas laboratorium, b) Kelayakan modul berbasis Inquiry Lab sebagai berikut: a) Uji validasi ahli materi 93,00% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, b) Validasi ahli pengembangan desain 82,90% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, c) Validasi ahli perangkat 95,70% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, d) Uji kelompok kecil pengguna lapangan (guru dan siswa), validator praktisi (guru) 92,00% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, e) Uji lapangan terbatas 83,82% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. 3) Keefektifan Modul Biologi berbasis Inquiry Lab pada materi sistem gerak efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar  siswa karena menunjukkan adanya perbedaan hasil posttest antara kelas modul berbasis Inquiry Lab dan kelas modul sekolah dengan nilai Sig.=0.000 < α=0.05
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN IPA BERBASIS HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILL (HOTS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS VIII SMP/MTs
Authors: Rofiah Emi , Aminah Nonoh Siti , Sunarno Widha
Published: July 2019

Pembelajaran IPA masih belum banyak mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, memperoleh modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis HOTS yang telah memenuhi kriteria layak, dan mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VIII SMP N 2 Sragen setelah melakukan pembelajaran IPA menggunakan modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis HOTS. Penelitian pengembangan modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis HOTS ini menggunakan prosedur pengembangan 4D yang terdiri dari tahap pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), pengembangan (develop), dan penyebaran (dessiminate). Tahap pendefinisian terdiri dari proses analisis kebutuhan, analisis materi, serta perumusan pembelajaran pada modul. Tahap perancangan modul sesuai dengan tahap pendekatan saintifik yang diintegrasikan ke dalam modul. Tahap pengembangan terdiri dari proses validasi kelayakan modul, revisi, dan aplikasi modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis HOTS di kelas VIIIE SMP N 2 Sragen. Tahap penyebaran merupakan proses penyebaran modul ke empat SMP/MTS di Kabupaten Sragen. Analisis data pada tahap pendefinisian dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif berdasarkan presentase jawaban angket. Pada tahap pengembangan, dilakukan analisis cut off score untuk menentukan kelayakan modul, analisis kriteria penilaian berdasarkan angket penilaian, analisis quest terhadap hasil uji coba instrumen tes, serta analisis gain score terhadap hasil pretest dan posttest. Pada tahap penyebaran dilakukan analisis kriteria penilaian berdasarkan hasil angket penilaian. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: 1) karakteristik khusus modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis HOTS memiliki lima tahap pembelajaran sesuai dengan pendekatan saintifik yang dituangkan pada rubrik dalam modul; 2) modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis HOTS yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria kelayakan pada aspek isi dan penyajian, bahasa, kegrafikan, dan aspek pembelajaran HOTS dengan nilai rata-rata 3,55 atau dalam kategori “sangat baik”; 3) modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis HOTS dengan tema sistem penglihatan manusia dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dengan nilai gain 0,49 atau dalam kategori “sedang”.
PEMBELAJARAN IPA MENGGUNAKAN METODE PROYEK DENGAN MEDIA POWER POINT DAN MACROMEDIA FLASH DITINJAU DARI KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN GAYA BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Kurniasari Retno Dewi , Suparmi Suparmi , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan metode proyek dengan media power point dan macromedia flash, keterampilan proses sains, gaya belajar dan interaksinya terhadap hasil belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP BK Klego Tahun Pelajaran 2011/2012. Sampel diambil dengan teknik cluster random sampling sebanyak 2 kelas, yaitu kelas VIIIA sebagai kelas eksperimen menggunakan metode proyek dengan media power point dan kelas VIIIB menggunakan metode proyek dengan macromedia flash. Pengambilan data keterampilan proses sains dengan angket, gaya belajar dengan angket, prestasi kognitif dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes prestasi, data afektif dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi. Uji normalitas dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Uji homogenitas menggunakan Uji Levene’s. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji non parametrik yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis Test dari software SPSS versi 16. Kesimpulan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: 1) ada pengaruh media terhadap prestasi belajar pada aspek kognitif, macromedia flash memiliki prestasi belajar lebih baik daripada media power point; 2)  ada pengaruh keterampilan proses sains terhadap prestasi belajar afektif, keterampilan proses sains tinggi memiliki prestasi belajar lebih baik daripada keterampilan proses sains rendah; 3) siswa yang mempunyai gaya belajar visual memiliki prestasi belajar aspek kognitif lebih baik daripada siswa dengan gaya belajar kinestetik; 4) ada interaksi antara media pembelajaran dan keterampilan proses sains terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif dan afektif; 5) ada interaksi antara media pembelajaran dengan gaya belajar terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif dan afektif, interaksi penggunaan macromedia flash dengan gaya belajar visual lebih baik daripada penggunaan media power point dengan gaya belajar kinestetik/visual; 6) ada interaksi antara keterampilan proses sains dan gaya belajar terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif dan afektif; 7) ada interaksi antara media pembelajaran, keterampilan proses sains, dan gaya belajar terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif dan afektif.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FISIKA BERBASIS KONTEKSTUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN KREATIVITAS SISWA PADA MATERI KALOR DAN PERPINDAHANNYA
Authors: Prastuti Marlinda Mega Dwi , Sukarmin Sukarmin , Aminah Nonoh Siti
Published: July 2019

Media pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan pendekatan kontekstual masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui (1) karakteristik modul Fisika berbasis kontekstual pada materi kalor dan perpindahannya; (2) kelayakan terhadap modul Fisika berbasis kontekstual siswa pada materi kalor dan perpindahannya; (3) peningkatan tingkat berpikir kritis dan kreativitas siswa setelah menggunakan modul Fisika berbasis kontekstual pada materi kalor dan perpindahannya. Metode penelitian dan pengembangan yang digunakan Research and Development (R&D). Model penelitian menggunakan model penelitian 4D dengan langkah: (1) tahap pendefinisian (define), (2) tahap perancangan (design), (3) tahap pengembangan (develop), (4) tahap penyebaran (dessiminate). Pengembangan modul meliputi proses validasi kelayakan modul, revisi modul, dan aplikasi modul pembelajaran berbasis kontekstual di kelas X1 SMAN 1 Sumberlawang. Analisis data yang digunakan selama penelitian adalah analisis deskriptif berdasarkan skor kriteria dan analisis peningkatan kreativitas belajar siswa melalui nilai gain. Hasil Penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: (1) karakteristik khusus pengembangan modul ini berdasarkan sintaks-sintaks pembelajaran kontekstual yang dituangkan pada rubrik dalam modul; (2) modul ini layak untuk digunakan sebagai bahan ajar. Hasil perhitungan cut off score menunjukkan modul masuk dalam kategori layak dengan nilai 3,62 dalam skala 4 dengan kategori sangat baik; (3) pembelajaran dengan menggunakan modul ini dapat meningkatkan kreativitas belajar siswa dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa,  dilihat dari skor rata-rata peningkatan kreativitas dan kemampuan berpikir kritis sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan modul dengan persamaan gain ternormalisasi diperoleh nilai 0,56 untuk kreativitas belajar siswa dan 0,50 untuk kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan kriteria gain ternormalisasi kategori sedang.
PERKEMBANGAN RISET BIDANG MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOK BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Hisjam Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Keberlanjutan (sustainability) merupakan isu penting dengan belakangan ini. Manajemen Rantai Pasok Berkelanjutan (Sustainable Supply Chain Management, SSCM) yang merupakan pengembangan dari kajian manajemen rantai pasok dengan menggabungkannya dengan konsep keberlanjutan juga menjadi salah satu tren riset dalam bidang rantai pasok. Pentingnya kajian SSCM ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan jumlah publikasi dalam bidang ini. Makalah ini mengkaji riset SSCM secara kuantitatif untuk mengetahui tren risetnya. Metode kuantitatif dengan statistik diskriptif digunakan untuk mengolah data seluruh luaran publikasi SSCM yang diindeks oleh SCOPUS sampai dengan periode Maret 2017. Pengolahan data juga dilakukan dengan membandingkan perkembangan ilmu SSCM di dunia, dan Indonesia. Analisis perbandingan perkembangan riset SCM berdasarkan wilayah, subjek, kata kunci juga dibahas pada makalah ini. Secara khusus, tren riset SSCM di Indonesia juga dianalisis berdasarkan subject area terkait yang digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah SSCM. Tren keilmuan SSCM juga disarikan dari beberapa literature review yang terpilih.
An Interactive Endotracheal Suctioning Simulator Which Exhibits Vital Reactions: ESTE-SIM
Authors: Komizunai Shunsuke , Ninomiya Shinji , Konno Atsushi , Kanai Satoshi , Asaka Tadayoshi , Murata Eri , Mani Hiroki , Takahashi Nozomi , Colley Noriyo ,   Hokkaido University Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0814, Japan,   Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima, Japan
Published: July 2019

This paper describes a next-generation nursing education simulator, the endotracheal suctioning training environment simulator (ESTE-SIM), which is capable of interactively reproducing vital reactions. With the spread of home treatment, care providers who have received a certain level of nursing education should be increased, not limited to conventional health-care professionals. A great gap exists between simulations under restricted conditions that have been practiced in conventional nursing education and those in the actual clinical site, thus creating a burden on nurses and patients. If a simulator that approaches real clinical situations can be developed, it will not only contribute to lessening the burden on nurses but also improve the quality of nursing care. The ESTE-SIM, which simulates endotracheal suctioning, can measure the movements of the suction catheter inserted in the trachea. The measurement information is used to estimate the progress of the nursing maneuver, which is then used to reproduce vital reactions, including dynamic facial expression changes based on projection mapping and monitor-displayed vital signs. To design and control the vital reactions, a mathematical model to determine the behavior of the simulator is formulated based on the actual measurement data of the vital reactions of patients and the experiential knowledge of nurses. By integrating these element technologies, we developed a novel interactive nursing education simulator capable of recreating typical vital reactions that occur during the basic endotracheal suctioning maneuver.
Developing students' worksheet based on scientific approach in cell as the system of life
Authors: Fajarianingtyas Dyah Ayu , Akbar Naufal Afif , Herowati H
Published: July 2019

Student’s worksheet scientific approach is a teaching material that contains material, teaches students to experiment by following the steps based on the scientific method. The scientific method is observed, ask, gather information, associate, and communicate. This study aims to determine the feasibility of student’s worksheets based on class VII scientific approach. This type of research was Research and Development (R & D) with the Four D research model. The sample used was Kalianget 2 Public Middle School. The result of the research showed that feasibility of Student Worksheets based on scientific approach obtained very feasible category, with material feasibility percentage of 86.11% (very feasible), format feasibility of 85.42% (very feasible), display feasibility of 85.94% (very feasible). Based on the research, it can be concluded that scientific approach-based student’s worksheet feasibility had been categorized as very feasible to use, and student’s response towards it was positive (categorized as very good).
Keragaman Genetik Klon Kakao Lokal Sulawesi Tenggara Berdasarkan Marka SSR dan Karakter Morfologi
Authors: Izzah Nur Kholilatul , Martono Budi , Baharuddin Baharuddin , Wardiana Edi
Published: July 2019

Molecular and morphological characterization of cacao clones obtained from exploration in Southeast Sulawesi is very important to know their superiority and genetic relationships. Analysis of genetic diversity using molecular markers is also useful for detecting duplication found among collected clones. The research aimed to determine the genetic diversity of local cacao clones derived from Southeast Sulawesi based on SSR markers and morphological characters. The research was conducted at Cacao Research Sub-Station, Lebojaya Village, Konda Subdistrict, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, and Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute Sukabumi, and Molecular Biology Laboratory of Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development Bogor, from April to November 2015. Genetic diversity analysis was performed on 21 cacao clones covering 19 local clones and 2 national varieties using 22 SSR markers. The molecular characterization results showed that 11 markers are polymorphic, and subsequently used to group cacao clones using NTSYS program. The grouping results divided the cacao clones into 4 main groups at 0.46 genetic similarity values. Based on genetic distance values >0.7, 8 combinations of cacao clones can be selected as parental clones with the expectation to increase the effect of heterosis on progeny. On the other hand, result of morphological characterization generally indicated the diversity between the four cacao groups. Based on molecular and morphological characterization, it can be seen that cacao clones derived from Southeast Sulawesi have a high diversity and can be utilized in the development program of new improved varieties.
Arsenite efflux limits microbial arsenic volatilization
Authors: Ke Changdong , Kuang Qingyue , Zhao Chungui , Luo Jiafu , Wei Wenzhang , Alwathnani Hend A. , Saquib Quaiser , Yu Yanshuang , Rensing Christopher , Yang Suping
Published: July 2019

Background: Arsenic (As) methylation is regarded as a potential way to volatize and thereby remove As from the environment. However, most microorganisms conducting As methylation display low As volatilization efficiency as As methylation is limited by As efflux transporters as both processes compete for arsenite [As(III)]. In the study, we deleted arsB and acr3 from Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009, a good model organism for studying As detoxification, and further investigated the effect of As(III) efflux transporters on As methylation.
Results: Two mutants were obtained by gene deletion. Compared to the growth inhibition rate (IC50) [1.57±0.11 mmol/L As(III) and 2.67±0.04 mmol/L arsenate [As(V)] of wildtype R. palustris CGA009, the As(III) and As(V) resistance of the mutants decreased, and IC50 value of the R. palustris CGA009 ∆arsB mutant was 1.47±0.02 mmol/L As(III) and 2.12±0.03 mmol/L As(V), respectively, and that of the R. palustris CGA009 ∆acr3 mutant was 1.21±0.07 mmol/L As(III) and 1.76±0.12 mmol/L As(V), respectively. The As volatilization rate of R. palustris CGA009 ∆arsB and R. palustris CGA009 ∆acr3 was 7.36 and 10.46 times higher than that of the R. palustris CGA009 at 100.0 µmol/L As(III) when incubated for 12 h, respectively, and 7.21 and 10.30 times higher than that of the R. palustris CGA009 when incubated with 25.0 mol/L As(V), respectively. At 25.0 mol/L As(III), low doses of methylarsonate [MAs(V)] and dimethylarsonate [DMAs(V)] were detected in both the wild type and in the deletion mutant strains. In addition, the content of As(III) in the medium changed significantly with the order being R. palustris CGA009 > R. palustris CGA009 ∆arsB > R. palustris CGA009 ∆acr3, indicating that Acr3 displayed the highest As(III) efflux rate.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that As efflux transporters were shown to be a remarkable intrinsic factor limiting As volatilization efficiency, and As volatilization rate could be significantly improved by deleting genes encoding microbial As efflux transporters. Our study provided an explanation for the often low rate of microbial As methylation and an effective strategy for screening microorganisms with high As volatilization.
Transcriptome analysis of polycyclic sesquiterpene biosynthesis in Leonurus sibiricus L.
Authors: Yan Xiaoguang , Li Weiguo , Liang Dongmei , Zhang Lei , Qin Xiaoyu , Caiyin Qinggele , Zhao Guangrong , Zhang Zhijun , Liu Jian , Sun Meiqing , Qiao Jianjun
Published: July 2019

Abstract:
Background: Leonurus sibiricus L. is a kind of medicinal herb widely used in China possessing a range of pharmacological activities. Polycyclic sesquiterpenes, one of the major bioactive components of L. sibiricus mainly existed in the root tissues, show the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative properties. However, for lacking of genome or transcriptome information, there is no report about terpene synthases (TPSs) genes of L. sibiricus.
Results: In this research, six cDNA libraries were prepared from roots and leaves of L. sibiricus using the BGISEQ-500 platform. A total of 83,244 unigenes were finally obtained with an average length of 1,025 bp, of which 50,356 unigenes (60.49%) have annotations compared with BLAST searching results. 68 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were putative biosynthetic genes involved in sesquiterpene metabolism among which five unigenes were speculated to be related to ylangene, copaene, gurjunene, selinene and cadinol biosynthesis in L. sibiricus.
Conclusions: This research is the first report of transcriptome analysis of L. sibiricus, and unigenes probably involved in the biosynthesis of polycyclic sesquiterpenes in L. sibiricus. Furthermore, this database will supply important clues to explore other biological characteristics genetically in L. sibiricus.
Keywords: Leonurus sibiricus, Sesquiterpene biosynthesis, Polycyclic sesquiterpene synthases, Transcriptome
Endogenous Cytokine Responses and Unexpected Survival in a Phase I Trial Using Anti-CD3 x Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody Armed Activated T Cells (HER2 BATs) for Treatment of Women with Stage III Breast Cancer
Authors: Thakur Archana , Lum Lawrence G , Colvin Gerald A , Dillon Patrick Dillon Patrick , Rathore Ritesh Rathore Ritesh
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND: Advanced stage breast cancer has unacceptably high recurrence rates. In this study, we report a phase I immunotherapy (IT) trial in women with high risk (>3 positive nodes) breast cancer that seeks to determine safety and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of anti-CD3 x anti-HER2 bispecific antibody (HER2Bi) armed activated T cells (HER2 BATs), with the secondary objective of determining whether IT induces endogenous cytokine changes. METHODS: The phase I trial consisted of 8 twice weekly infusions of HER2 BATs given in a 3+3 dose escalation with groups of 3 patients receiving 5, 10, or 20 x 109 HER2 BATs per infusion. HER2 BATs were given in combination with daily low dose interleukin 2 (IL-2) and twice weekly low dose granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to determine safety, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), technical feasibility, immune cytokine responses, time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Nine women with stage III breast cancer were enrolled at a single institution. There were no dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) and the MTD was not defined. It was technically feasible to grow 176 x 109 ATC from a single apheresis. Five of 9 women are alive with no evidence of disease with an undefined median OS. Infusions of HER2 BATs induced increases in serum Th1 cytokines, and some of these changes persisted for weeks to months after IT. CONCLUSIONS: Targeting HER2 positive and negative tumors with BATs infusions was safe, induced Th1 cytokines and IL-12 responses in the serum providing evidence for inducing changes in the endogenous immune system of the patients. The prolonged survival that is undefined with a median follow up of 12.7 years suggests that targeting tumors in the adjuvant setting with HER2 BATs may help eliminate microscopic residual disease after surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol entitled “Combination Chemotherapy Plus Biological Therapy in Treating Patients with Stage II or Stage III Breast Cancer” as a phase I/II was registered January 27, 2003, with NCT00022230 under clinicaltrials.gov.
Occupational benzene exposure and the risk of genetic damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Yanhua , Wang Kun , Wang Boshen , Pu Yuepu , Zhang Juan
Published: July 2019

Background

To systematically evaluate the influence of benzene exposure on the genetic damage index of workers, and to explore the influence of low concentration benzene exposure on workers’ genetic damage index using 3.25mg/m3 as the boundary value, in order to provide a basis for improved prevention and control of the harm from benzene exposure to the occupational population.

Methods

We conducted a search of five databases, including Pub Med, Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wan Fang Data and Chongqing VIP, to identify relevant articles up to December 25, 2018. Two researchers independently extracted and carefully evaluated the data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the literature. The imported articles were managed by Endnote X7, and the data were extracted and sorted by Excel 2013. We utilized Stata 12.0 software to perform the meta-analysis in the present study.

Results

A total of 68 eligible articles were finally included for the synthetic analyses. The meta-analysis results showed that occupational benzene exposure led to significantly increased Micronucleus (MN) frequency, Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, Chromosome aberration (CA) frequency, Olive Tail moment (OTM), Tail moment (TM), Tail length (TL), and Tail DNA% (T DNA%) compared to the control group (P < 0.05), and the pooled effect value estimates were 1.36, 0.98, 0.76, 1.06, 0.96, 1.78, and 1.42, respectively. Subsequent analysis of the effect of low concentration benzene exposure on genetic damage found significantly increased MN frequency increased compared with the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Occupational benzene exposure can affect multiple genetic damage indicators. Even at an exposure concentration lower than 3.25mg/m3, benzene exposure has genotoxicity. These data provide an important scientific basis for the further revision of occupational disease prevention strategies in China. At the same time, increased attention should be focused on the health monitoring of the occupational population exposed to benzene, and health management should be strengthened to improve the health of the occupational population.
Molecular characteristics and virulence gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Hainan, China
Authors: Li Xuehan , Xu Kai , Li Chenglin , Huang Tao , Li Yirong
Published: July 2019

Background: There have been no reports regarding the molecular characteristics, virulence features, and antibiotic resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from Hainan, the southernmost province of China.
Methods: 227 S. aureus isolates, consisting of 76 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 151 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), were collected in 2013-2014 and 2018-2019 in Hainan, and investigated for their molecular characteristics, virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance profiles.
Results: Thirty-four sequence types (STs) and 79 spa types were identified based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing, respectively. ST398 (14.1%, 32/227) was found to be the most prevalent, and moreover, the prevalence of ST398-MSSA increased significantly from 2013-2014 (5.5%, 5/91) to 2018-2019 (18.4%, 25/136). Seventy-six MRSA isolates were subject to staphylococcus chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) typing. SCCmec-IVa was the predominant SCCmec type, and specifically ST45-SCCmec IVa, an infrequent type in mainland China, was predominant in S. aureus from Hainan. Eleven virulence genes, including the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl) and eta, were determined, and the positive rates of eta and pvl were found to be 57.3% and 47.6%. Such high prevalence has never been seen in mainland China before.
A high-density SNP-based genetic map in Pelteobagrus vachelli and mapping of growth, sex determination and hypoxia tolerance related loci
Authors: Zhang Guosong , Li Jie , Zhang Jiajia , Liang Xia , Wang Tao , Yin Shaowu
Published: July 2019

Background: As is known to all, when we are doing QTL fine mapping, analyzing comparative genome, identifying candidate genes, making marker-assisted selection in aquaculture species, the high-density genetic linkage map is of great significance. Pelteobagrus vachelli is a very popular commercial species in Asia. However, some specific characters made it difficult to do traditional selective breeding based on phenotypes. For instance, potential problems include lacking in genomic resource which is in large scale and short of markers that is related tightly to growth, sex determination and hypoxia tolerance related traits.
Results: By making use of 5059 ddRAD markers in P. vachelli，a high-resolution genetic linkage map was successfully constructed. The map’ length was 4047.01 cM by using an interval of 0.11 cm, which is an average marker standard. It is reflected that bu using comparative genome mapping, a large majority (83.2%) of markers with a one-to-one correspondence were observed between P. vachelli and P. fulvidraco. Based on the genetic map, 8 significant genome-wide QTLs for 4 weight, 1 body proportion, 2 sex determination, and 1 hypoxia tolerance related traits were detected on 4 LGs. Some SNPs from these significant genome-wide QTLs were observably associated with these phenotypic traits in other individuals by Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR. In addition, two candidate gene for weight, Sipa1 and HSD11B2, were diﬀerentially expressed between fast-, medium- and slow-growing P. vachelli. Sema7a, associated with hypoxia tolerance, was induced after hypoxia exposure and reoxygenation.
Conclusions: We mapped a set of suggestive and significant QTLs as well as candidate genes for 12 growth, 1 sex determination and 1 hypoxia tolerance related traits based on a high-density genetic linkage map by making use of SNP markers for P. fulvidraco. Our results have offered a valuable method about the much more efficient production of all-male, fast growth and hypoxia tolerance P. vachelli for the aquaculture industry.
Core professional values for school leaders and teachers: Piloting an online tool
Authors: Lovett Susan
Published: July 2019

Evidence of the extent to which school leaders and teachers embrace core professional values may, through dialogue, open up new avenues for school improvement. With this in mind, the focus of this article is the piloting of an online survey tool designed to identify how widely four such values are held in New Zealand schools. The pilot was commissioned by the Te Ariki Trust with the support of the New Zealand Educational Institute (NZEI), the New Zealand Principals’ Federation (NZPF) and the University of Canterbury. The tool is based on items which together, define four values underpinning the mission of the Te Ariki Trust, namely “Professional Discretion”, “Collegial Obligation”, “Reflective Inquiry and Discourse” and “Evidencebased Professional Practice”. An analysis of one school’s responses to such a survey tool is one way to gauge evidence of collective commitment, the strength of collegial relationships and trust, with the realisation that knowing how to collect and reflect on data matters if important decisions are to be well informed. The article draws upon research and scholarly writing to explain the four values, describe the development of the tool and its pilot study and suggest what the results might offer for dialogue using the findings from a sample school whose staff members completed the instrument. Suggested changes to the instrument and its use conclude the article.
Phases of scrambling in eigenstates
Authors: Anous Tarek , Sonner Julian
Published: July 2019

We use the monodromy method to compute expectation values of an
arbitrary number of light operators in finitely excited
("heavy") eigenstates of holographic 2D CFT. For eigenstates
with scaling dimensions above the BTZ threshold, these behave thermally
up to small corrections, with an effective temperature determined by the
heavy state. Below the threshold we find oscillatory and not decaying
behavior. As an application of these results we compute the expectation
of the out-of-time order arrangement of four light operators in a heavy
eigenstate, i.e. a six-point function. Above the threshold we find
maximally scrambling behavior with Lyapunov exponent
2\pi T_{eff}2πTeff.
Below threshold we find that the eigenstate OTOC shows persistent
harmonic oscillations.
XIX. Yüzyılın İki Gezgini, Théophile Gautier ve Hayrullah Efendi’nin Seyahatnamelerinde Paris ve İstanbul’a Karşılıklı Bakış
Authors: AYNACI Fatih
Published: July 2019

İnsanlık tarihi boyunca yaşanan kültürel çatışmalar incelendiğinde,

coğrafya ve din unsurunun bu süreçlerde belirleyici rol oynadığı görülebilir.

Doğu ve Batı arasında yüzyıllardır süregelen karşılıklı çatışma, bunun en açık

örneklerindendir. Öte yandan çatışmacı anlayışın aksine bu kültürler, zaman

içinde birbirlerini tanıma-tanıtma konusunda da çeşitli yollar aramışlardır. Bu

anlamda seyahatnameler, “öteki”ni tanıma-tanıtma sürecinde ortaya konmuş somut

yazılı kaynaklardan biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Salt nesnel bir yapıda

olmayıp, zaman zaman din-siyaset odaklı öznel değerlendirmeler, önyargılar

içermeleri bir kenara bırakılacak olursa, gözlem ve deneyimin öne çıktığı bu

eserler, tarihsel bir dönemin kültürel anatomisini göstermeye yardımcı olan önemli

bilgi hazineleri arasında düşünülebilir. Bu bağlamda, seyahatnameler ve batılı

oryantalist anlayış hakkında genel değerlendirmelerin yapıldığı; Théophile

Gautier’nin İstanbul (Constantinople, 1853) ve Hayrullah

Efendi’nin Avrupa Seyahatnamesi

(1848) başlıklı eserlerinin karşılıklı bakış çerçevesinde incelendiği bu

çalışma ile seyahatnamelerin “öteki”nin kültürel yaşamını tanıtmada özelllikle

XX. yüzyıla kadar önemli bir görev üstlendiği gösterilmiştir. Buna ek olarak

bir batılının gözünden İstanbul’un, bir doğulunun gözünden Paris’in fiziksel ve

kültürel bakımdan en dikkat çekici yönleri anlatılarak, iki karşıt kültür

arasındaki çatışmanın yazarların söylemlerine yansıyıp yansımadığı takip

edilmiş ve yapılan inceleme sonucunda gerek seyahatnameler, gerekse farklı

araçlar yoluyla yüzyıllarca nesilden nesile aktarılan kalıp düşünce ve

imgelerin her iki yazarın da kalemine yansıdığı fark edilmiştir. Bununla

birlikte yaptıkları gözlemler neticesinde edindikleri izlenimlerin bir kısmının

hayranlıkla karışık olumlu ifadeler içermesi, yazarların her zaman söz konusu

ön yargıların etkisinde kalmadıklarını; şaşkınlık, hayranlık, garipseme,

yadırgama, eleştiri, önyargı, özeleştiri, yüceltme gibi olumlu-olumsuz duygu ve

düşüncelerin bir arada bulunuyor olması ise yerleşik algının değişkenlik

gösterebileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
Almanya’da II. Dünya Savaşı Sonrası Yaşanan Bellek Patlamasına Tarihî Bakış
Authors: KİŞMİR Gonca
Published: July 2019

Bellek çalışmaları özellikle son yirmi yılda kültür araştırmaları ve beyin

araştırmaları alanında yoğun bir şekilde yürütülmektedir. Farklı disiplinler

ile ortak bir çalışma haline gelen bellek konusunun sosyal bilimler alanında da

araştırılmasının en önemli nedenleri arasında II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında

dünyada değişen sosyo-politik ve ekonomik dengeler, medyanın gücü ve yaşanılan

felaketler ile toplumların yüzleşme/sorgulama isteği yatmaktadır. II. Dünya

Savaşı sonrası ve Berlin Duvarı’nın yıkılmasından sonraki politik durumlar,

bellek kavramının disiplinlerarası, kültürel ve uluslar arası bir olgu olarak

ele alınmasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada son yıllarda diğer Avrupa

ülkelerinde görüldüğü gibi özellikle Almanya’da yaşanan bellek patlamasının

nasıl bir süreçten geçerek ivme kazandığı açımlanmaya çalışılacaktır. Aynı

zamanda Almanya örneğinde, insanların geçmişlerini sorgulamalarının arka

planında rol oynayan tarih bilinci ve milli kimlik kavramlarının önemi de

irdelenecektir.
Grotesque and Southern Gothic in Cormac McCarthy’s Blood Meridian
Authors: ALTINDİŞ Hüseyin
Published: July 2019

This article offers a

post-southernist reading that challenges and problematizes the impacts of

haunted past of the American South with implications of violence embodied by

Judge Holden in Cormac McCarthy’s Blood

Meridian, or The Evening Redness in

the West. In order to present a moral compass to the reader, the text

presents good-evil dichotomy and the world of human through the uncanny and

grotesque characters of “the kid” and “the judge.” Through this dichotomy, the

reader acknowledges the possibility of alternative narratives that escape from

the control and totalizing gaze of dominant power and discourses. The counter-

narratives complicate any types of subjugation, mythologized history, and

refuse to approve the violence that the prevailing power practices against

innocent people. This paper aims to analyze the struggle between the good and

evil and the degree of insanity performed by the evil depicted through southern

gothic and grotesque scenes. Thus, the paper contributes to grotesque reading

of the selected text through a number of elements: “exaggeration, hyperbolism,

and excessiveness,” generally considered fundamental attributes of the

grotesque style (Bakhtin, 1984, p. 303).
Büyükannelerin Torun Büyütme Yaşantılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: TUNCA Aslı , DURMUŞ Emine
Published: July 2019

Araştırma; torun büyütmenin büyükanneye,
büyükannenin evlilik ve eş ilişkilerine etkilerine dair algılarını inceleyen,
nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı yorumlayıcı ve betimleyici bir çalışmadır. Araştırma, yaşları 50 ile 63 arasında değişen 16 büyükannenin katılımıyla
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Büyükannelerin seçilmesinde kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ve
ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan
yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için nitel
veri analizi yöntemlerinden içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre
büyükanneler torun büyütme sürecinden
duyuşsal ve bilişsel açıdan daha olumlu, davranışsal ve etkileşimsel açıdan daha
olumsuz etkilenmişlerdir. Ancak genel olarak torun büyütmenin büyükanneye
olumlu etkilerinin daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bir başka
önemli bulgusu ise torun büyütmenin büyükannenin evliliğine etkileridir.
Büyükannelerin eşlerinden daha fazla destek ve anlayış gördükleri; evlilik
ilişkileri açısından ise evliliklerinin daha uzlaşmacı, daha mutlu ve zevkli,
daha bütünleşik ve kaynaşık, daha uyumlu oldukları saptanmıştır. Araştırma
bulgularına dayanarak büyük ebeveyn ile torunu bir araya getiren projeler
geliştirilebilir.
Unfolding the Connection between the Kantian Self and Time
Authors: ÇİFTECİ Volkan
Published: July 2019

In Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason,
the self and time are interwoven on three different levels. To unveil this
relation, this paper refers back to Kant’s criticism directed to the ideas of
early modern philosophers concerning the two notions in question. On the three
levels, three different conceptions of the self correspond to three aspects of
time. In the first aspect we encounter the self as inner sense (appearance) and time reveals itself as the form of this sense. The first aspect of
the self thus cannot be known as it is in
itself; on the contrary, it can be known only as an appearance. Later, in virtue of the act of imagination, while the second aspect of
the self is unfolded as a temporal self, time comes forth as formal intuition. In this level, the
self starts to become conscious of its temporal character. Finally, in the
third aspect, the relation between the transcendental unity of the self (apperception) and the unity of time
becomes transparent. In the course of analyzing the three corresponding aspects
of the self and time, this paper aims to reveal both the temporal character of
the Kantian self and the subjective character of time.
Toplumsal Uyum İçin Eğitimin Önemi: Türkiye’deki Suriyeliler Örneği
Authors: DUMAN Tuba
Published: July 2019

Suriye’de 2011 yılında çıkan iç savaş 8 yıldır devam

etmektedir. Bu süreçte Türkiye tarafından açık kapı politikası izlenmiş ve

yaklaşık 3.632.622 Suriyeli sığınmacı ülkemize giriş yapmıştır. Suriyeli

sığınmacıların okul çağında olan çocuklarının yaklaşık % 63’ü eğitimine devam

edebilmektedir. Bunun yanında Suriyeli yetişkinlere çeşitli kurslar açılıp

Türkçe dil eğitimi ve meslek eğitimi konusunda imkan sağlanmaktadır. Toplumsal

uyumu sağlamak toplumsal barış için önemli bir gereksinim olup özellikle yoğun Suriyeli

göçü sonrası Türkiye’nin dikkatle üzerine eğildiği bir konudur. Dil eğitimi,

mesleki eğitim, dini eğitim, kültür eğitimi, ilk ve orta düzeyde okullarda

eğitim, üniversite eğitimi gibi örgün eğitim ve yaygın eğitimin alanlarının,  Suriyeli yetişkin ve çocuklara fayda

sağlayıp, onların burada kendi hayatlarını kurup, toplumla uyum içinde

yaşamalarını kolaylaştırması beklenmektedir. Bunun yanında Suriyelilerle uyum

içinde bir yaşam alanı oluşturabilmek için Türkiye toplumunun da toplumsal uyum

hakkında eğitim görmelerinin faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada

Suriyeli sığınmacıların göçlerinden itibaren yaşadıkları eğitim sürecini

incelenecek, bu konuda dikkat çeken sorunları açıklanacaktır. Çalışmanın temel

amacı ise, bu sorun ve süreçlerin yanında Ankara ve Şanlıurfa’da yaptığımız

saha çalışmasına dayanarak, Türkiye’deki Suriyeli sığınmacıların eğitim yoluyla

toplumsal uyum kazanma imkanlarının araştırılmasıdır.  Araştırmamız bu konuda yapılan temel

çalışmaları inceleyecek, analiz edecek ve bu bilgileri derinlemesine mülakat ve

katılımcı gözlem yöntemleriyle elde edilen bilgilerle tamamlayacaktır.
Foreign directors, indigenous directors and dividend payout structure in Nigerian deposit money banks
Authors: Felix Eluyela Damilola , Titilayo Adetula Dorcas , Barnabas Obasaju Olusegun , Ozordi Emmanuel , Akintimehin Olamide , Popoola Olabisi
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to examine the influence foreign and indigenous directors have on determining firms’ dividend payout structure. The population for this study is the fifteen deposit money banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Using a random sampling technique, a sample of 14 deposit money banks for the 2010 to 2017 period was taken. The total observations used for the work was 112. The study adopted a panel data methodology, which was estimated with a random-effect model. It was observed that a significant relationship exists between foreign directors and the dependent variable (dividend payout structure). The dividend payout structure by dividend per share of sampled firms was measured. This study will improve analysts and investors’ understanding of dividend policy by giving them insights in identifying the main determinants of dividend policy. For policy makers, this study reinforces the fact that good corporate governance is important to develop financial markets and improve the firm value.