bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reports of violence against women in different life cycles
Authors: Leite Maísa Tavares de Souza , Figueiredo Maria Fernanda Santos , Dias Orlene Veloso , Vieira Maria Aparecida , Souza e Souza Luís Paulo , Mendes Danilo Cangussu
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the reports and factors associated with violence against women. METHOD: this was a cross-sectional, exploratory and analytical study with information about the cases of reported violence, extracted from the Civil Police Report Bulletin, in a mid-sized city in Minas Gerais, Brazil. RESULTS: out of the 7,487 reports of violence against women, it was found that 44.6% of the cases were threats, 28.5% aggression, 25.1% bodily injury, 1.1% rape, and 0.7% some other type of injury. In the bivariate analysis, a higher number of cases (p=0.000) committed by partners was evidenced, for all kinds of violence except for rape. Children, adolescents and adults experienced violence by partners, followed by family members. Regarding older women, violence was committed by family members. CONCLUSION: there is the need for programs to be established to prevent violence against women in various sectors of society, permeating the life cycle.
Human papillomavirus detection in cervical scrapes from women attended in the Family Health Program
Authors: Augusto Everton Faccini , Santos Larissa Silva dos , Oliveira Ledy do Horto dos Santos
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVES: to survey the prevalence of human papillomavirus, associated risk factors and genotype distribution in women who were referred to cervical cancer screening when attended in a Family Health Program. METHOD: we conducted a cross-sectional survey, investigating 351 women. Polymerase chain reaction for DNA amplification and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were used to detect and typify the papillomavirus. RESULTS: virus infection was detected in 8.8% of the samples. Among the 21 different genotypes identified in this study, 14 were high risk for cervical cancer, and the type 16 was the most prevalent type. The infection was associated with women who had non-stable sexual partners. Low risk types were associated with younger women, while the high risk group was linked to altered cytology. CONCLUSION: in this sample attended a Family Health Program, we found a low rate of papillomavirus infection. Virus frequency was associated to sexual behavior. However, the broad range of genotypes detected deserves attention regarding the vaccine coverage, which includes only HPV prevalent types.
Women with cardiovascular risk after preeclampsia: is there follow-up within the Unified Health System in Brazil?
Authors: Silva Maria de Lourdes Costa da , Galvão Ana Cristina Araújo de Andrade , Souza Nilba Lima de , Azevedo George Dantas de , Jerônimo Selma Maria Bezerra , Araújo Ana Cristina Pinheiro Fernandes de
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVES: to identify women with cardiovascular risk, five years after a preeclampsic episode (PE), and identify the follow-up of these women within the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS), in the city of Natal/RN. METHODS: a quantitative and exploratory study conducted at the Januário Cicco University Maternity Ward/RN. The sample consisted of 130 women, 65 with a PE episode and 65 who were normotensive. RESULTS: we found statistical significance with regard to body mass index, weight, family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular complications when comparing women with previous PE to normotensive women. The groups were unaware of their cardiovascular risk factors and, in addition, they reported difficulties in accessing primary health care (PHC) services. CONCLUSIONS: women with a PE history are at increased risk of developing CVD, unaware of late PE complications, and lacked customized care when compared to normotensive patients.
Factors Influencing Maternal Mental Health after the Birth of a Child with a Cleft in Benin and in Switzerland
Authors: Habersaat Stephanie , Peter Camille , Hohlfeld Chloe , Hohlfeld Judith
Published: February 2014

Objective

The main objective of the study is to identify practical and cultural factors influencing the mental health of mothers of children with an orofacial cleft in Benin and to compare it with a sample of Swiss mothers in the same conditions.

Method

Thirty-six mothers of children with an orofacial cleft in Benin and 40 mothers of children with an orofacial cleft in Switzerland were interviewed about practical and emotional aspects concerning their child and their own lives. Then, they completed the Perinatal Postraumatic Stress Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory.

Results

Mothers in Benin had significantly higher posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms compared with mothers in Switzerland. Depression symptoms were higher in Beninese mothers coming from urban areas, in Beninese mothers with few or no other children, and in Beninese mothers whose child was operated on at a more advanced age.

Discussion

This study stressed the importance of cultural differences in perceptions of orofacial clefts in order to provide appropriate care to patients and their families. In particular, wide campaigns of information should help parents to understand the cleft origin and the medical staff in small dispensaries to provide adequate support and care. This may diminish anxiety concerning the child's short- and long-term prognosis. Creation of a Beninese parental support group for children with clefts and their families could be another way to provide information and support where multidisciplinary care is not available.
Human β-Cell Proliferation and Intracellular Signaling Part 2: Still Driving in the Dark Without a Road Map
Authors: Bernal-Mizrachi Ernesto , Kulkarni Rohit N. , Scott Donald K. , Mauvais-Jarvis Franck , Stewart Andrew F. , Garcia-Ocaña Adolfo
Published: February 2014

Enhancing β-cell proliferation is a major goal for type 1 and type 2 diabetes research. Unraveling the network of β-cell intracellular signaling pathways that promote β-cell replication can provide the tools to address this important task. In a previous Perspectives in Diabetes article, we discussed what was known regarding several important intracellular signaling pathways in rodent β-cells, including the insulin receptor substrate/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt (IRS-PI3K-Akt) pathways, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) S6 kinase pathways, protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ) pathways, and their downstream cell-cycle molecular targets, and contrasted that ample knowledge to the small amount of complementary data on human β-cell intracellular signaling pathways. In this Perspectives, we summarize additional important information on signaling pathways activated by nutrients, such as glucose; growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and Wnt; and hormones, such as leptin, estrogen, and progesterone, that are linked to rodent and human β-cell proliferation. With these two Perspectives, we attempt to construct a brief summary of knowledge for β-cell researchers on mitogenic signaling pathways and to emphasize how little is known regarding intracellular events linked to human β-cell replication. This is a critical aspect in the long-term goal of expanding human β-cells for the prevention and/or cure of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
In Situ Surface Biodegradation of Restorative Materials
Authors: Padovani GC , Fúcio SBP , Ambrosano GMB , Sinhoreti MAC , Puppin-Rontani RM
Published: February 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the surface characteristics of restorative materials (roughness, hardness, chemical changes by energy-dispersive spectroscopy [EDX], and scanning electron microscopy [SEM]) submitted to in situ biodegradation. Fifteen discs of each material (IPS e.max [EM], Filtek Supreme [FS], Vitremer [VI], Ketac Molar Easymix [KM], and Amalgam GS-80 [AM]) were fabricated in a metallic mold (4.0 mm × 1.5 mm). Roughness, hardness, SEM, and EDX were then evaluated. Fifteen healthy volunteers used a palatal device containing one disc of each restorative material for seven days. After the biodegradation, the roughness, hardness, SEM, and EDX were once again evaluated. Data obtained from the roughness and hardness evaluations were submitted to Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Tukey-Kramer tests (p<0.05). All esthetic restorative materials showed a significant increase in the roughness after biodegradation. Before biodegradation, significant differences in the hardness among the materials were seen: EM>AM>FS>KM>VI. After biodegradation, the hardness was significantly altered among the materials studied: EM>AM>FS=KM>VI, along with a significant increase in the hardness for AM, KM, and VI. SEM images indicated degradation on the surface of all materials, showing porosities, cracks, and roughness. Furthermore, after biodegradation, FS showed the presence of Cl, K, and Ca on the surface, while F was not present on the VI and KM surfaces. EM and AM did not have alterations in their chemical composition after biodegradation. It was concluded that the dental biofilm accumulation in situ on different restorative materials is a material-dependent parameter. Overall, all materials changed after biodegradation: esthetic restorative materials showed increased roughness, confirmed by SEM, and the ionomer materials and silver amalgam showed a significantly higher hardness. Finally, the initial chemical composition of the composite resin and ionomer materials evaluated was significantly altered by the action of the biofilm in situ.
Malignant Pheochromocytoma in a 16-Year-Old Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Giovannoni Isabella , Callea Francesco , Boldrini Renata , Inserra Alessandro , Cozza Raffaele , Francalanci Paola
Published: February 2014

Patients with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) feature a high risk of developing benign and malignant tumors, mainly those with a neuroectodermal origin, the risk being about 4 times higher than in the general population. Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) is a sporadic tumor (1∶100 000) arising from the adrenal medulla. Pheochromocytoma is a rare condition when occurring in conjunction with NF1 and occurs in about 1% of patients, rarely in those of pediatric age. In this study we present a 16-year-old patient with NF1 and malignant PHEO. Loss of heterozygosity analysis in PHEOs shows a reduction to homozygosity, observed for both 17p and 17q markers. This case confirms the importance of surveillance for malignant neoplasias in NF1 patients during childhood and adolescence. On the other hand, since 30% of PHEOs had germline mutations and, more rarely, somatic mutations, patients with PHEO should be investigated for associated genetic syndromes.
Intracranial Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Presenting as an Axillary Mass: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Bush Jonathan W. , Hancock B.J. , Israels Sara J. , Ellison David W. , Stefanovici Camelia , Krawitz Sherry
Published: February 2014

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an uncommon, high-grade pediatric malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) that rarely metastasizes outside the CNS (Chang stage M4). We describe a child with the sole metastasis of an AT/RT to an axillary lymph node and no other site of extra-CNS disease at presentation. The tumor included areas of rhabdoid cells and failed to express the SMARCB1 gene product (INI1). The metastatic site in this patient is unusual for 3 reasons: (1) it is anatomically unexpected for a CNS tumor, (2) no other extra-CNS metastasis or primary tumor outside the CNS was found, and (3) no cardiac septal defect or vascular anomaly was identified. This site as the presenting lesion and sole metastasis of an intracranial AT/RT has not been previously reported. We attempt to explain this phenomenon.
Intranodal Leiomyoma in a Young Child: Report of a Rare Spindle Cell Lesion
Authors: Girhotra Manish , Virk Shehbaaz Singh , Verma Sarika , Bansal Kalpana , Gupta Ruchika
Published: February 2014

Primary spindle cell lesions of lymph nodes, with the exception of Kaposi's sarcoma, are rare. Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma has been described as a spindle cell tumor with prominent amianthoid fibers, intralesional hemorrhage, and intracellular or extracellular inclusions. Another spindle cell lesion, intranodal leiomyoma, has been reported only occasionally. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with a mass in the neck without other systemic complaints. Excision biopsy of the lymph node revealed a spindle cell tumor with lymph nodal tissue at the periphery. The tumor showed features of smooth muscle differentiation with focally high mitotic index. The classical features of myofibroblastoma were not present. A final pathologic diagnosis of intranodal leiomyoma was rendered. The child has been free of recurrence in the follow-up period. Intranodal leiomyoma is a rare primary spindle cell lesion of the lymph nodes and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the same.
Development and validation of an intrinsic dissolution method for nimodipine polymorphs
Authors: Riekes Manoela , Kuminek Gislaine , Rauber Gabriela , Cuffini Silvia , Stulzer Hellen
Published: February 2014

The polymorphs of nimodipine, Modification I (Mod I), the metastable racemate, and Modification II (Mod II), the stable conglomerate, were evaluated by means of the intrinsic dissolution procedure. For this purpose, a hydro alcoholic solution (ethanol:water, 50:50, v/v) was selected as the dissolution medium, maintained at 37±0.5°C. Different rotation speeds were tested (50, 75 and 100 rpm) and the lower one was chosen for the test validation. Although the sample initially characterized as polymorph Mod I presented higher intrinsic dissolution rates in all the conditions tested, no statistical differences were noticed between the two polymorphs. This result can be attributed to the partial solution-mediated phase transformation from Mod I to Mod II, detected through X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Also, reliable intrinsic dissolution rate data were acquired for the polymorph Mod II. The dissolution method was validated, being considered stable, specific, linear, sensible, accurate and precise.
A non-homogeneous, symmetric contact projective structure
Authors: Zalabová Lenka
Published: February 2014

We construct a non-homogeneous contact projective structure which is symmetric from the point of view of parabolic geometries.
Radiocarbon and dendrochronological dating of Sub-fossil oaks from Smarhoń riverine sediments
Authors: Vitas Adomas , Mažeika Jonas , Petrošius Rimantas , Pukienė Rūtilė
Published: February 2014

Sub-fossil oaks from Smarhoń in Belarus have been investigated and tree-ring chronologies were assembled. According to radiocarbon dating, the oldest oak grew from 5782–5612 cal BC and the youngest from 1575–1747 cal AD. Radiocarbon and dendrochronological dating of 97 samples, four single series, 10 mean curves (containing 2–9 series) and three chronologies (10–25 series) were constructed. The longest chronology (No. 16), covering 549 years, was absolutely dated against various oak chronologies of Polish/Baltic origin to AD 778–1326. Germination and dying-off phases were assessed from the three best replicated chronologies. A spectral analysis of the chronologies provided cycles of variable length, on average of 25 years.
Karl Marx and the Study of Media and Culture Today
Authors: Fuchs Christian
Published: February 2014

The task of this paper discusses the role of Marx in analysing media, communica-tion and culture today. An analysis of three contemporary Cultural Studies works – Lawrence Grossberg’s monograph Cultural Studies in the Future Tense, John Hartley’s monograph Digital Futures for Cultural and Media Studies and Paul Smith’s edited volume The Renewal of Cultural Studies – shows that there is an agreement that the economy needs to be taken more into account by Cultural Studies, but disagreement on which approach should be taken and what the role of Karl Marx’s works shall be. The paper argues that Marx’s labour theory of value is especially important for critically analysing the media, culture and communica-tion. Labour is still a blind spot of the study of culture and the media, although this situation is slowly improving. It is maintained that the turn away from Marx in Cultural and Media Studies was a profound mistake that should be reverted. Only an engagement with Marx can make Cultural and Media Studies topical, politically relevant, practical and critical, in the current times of global crisis and resurgent critique.
Culture Unbound Volume 6, Editorial
Authors: Fornäs Johan , Fredriksson Martin , Stead Naomi
Published: February 2014

With this volume, Culture Unbound celebrates its five-year anniversary. This makes a good opportunity both to look back at what we have achieved and to gaze ahead to what we have planned for the future.

This new volume, which will be more extensive and ambitious than ever, thus marks a readiness and willingness to engage with some of the most acute problems and complex transformation that society faces. We hope and believe that this not only expresses the ambitions of Culture Unbound but also reflects a more general tendency within contemporary cultural research. In order to better accommodate the most recent developments within the field of cultural research, and facilitate intellectual discussion and critical analysis of contemporary issues we also plan to expand our repertoire of published material. In the coming year Culture Unbound will therefore introduce a section of texts we have chosen to call ‘Unbound Ideas’. Here we welcome academic essays and texts of a somewhat shorter format and freer approach to scholarly convention than our usual full-length research articles. These essays will take different – perhaps speculative or conjectural – positions, or give a new perspective on pressing topics or recently emerged concerns within cultural research.
Imaging of Volume Phase Gratings in a Photosensitive Polymer, Recorded in Transmission and Reflection Geometry
Authors: Sabel Tina , Zschocher Michael
Published: February 2014

Volume phase gratings, recorded in a photosensitive polymer by two-beam interference exposure, are studied by means of optical microscopy. Transmission gratings and reflection gratings, with periods in the order of 10 μm down to 130 nm, were investigated. Mapping of holograms by means of imaging in sectional view is introduced to study reflection-type gratings, evading the resolution limit of classical optical microscopy. In addition, this technique is applied to examine so-called parasitic gratings, arising from interference from the incident reference beam and the reflected signal beam. The appearance and possible avoidance of such unintentionally recorded secondary structures is discussed.
Terahertz Optoelectronic Property of Graphene: Substrate-Induced Effects on Plasmonic Characteristics
Authors: Lin I-Tan , Lai Yi-Ping , Wu Kuang-Hsiung , Liu Jia-Ming
Published: February 2014

The terahertz plasmon dispersion of a multilayer system consisting of graphene on dielectric and/or plasma thin layers is systematically investigated. We show that graphene plasmons can couple with other quasiparticles such as phonons and plasmons of the substrate; the characteristics of the plasmon dispersion of graphene are dramatically modified by the presence of the coupling effect. The resultant plasmon dispersion of the multilayer system is a strong function of the physical parameters of the spacer and the substrate, signifying the importance of the substrate selection in constructing graphene-based plasmonic devices.
Spatio-Temporal Variability of Winter Monsoon over the Indochina Peninsula
Authors: Sooktawee Sirapong , Humphries Usa , Limsakul Atsamon , Wongwises Prungchan
Published: February 2014

In this study, the spatial patterns and their interannual variability of wintertime low-level winds over the Indochina Peninsula (IDP) were studied by using the analysis of the empirical orthogonal function for complex numbers. The leading mode accounts for 46.6% of the total variance. The composite and regressed patterns of wind components show dominant northeasterly wind over the IDP, which are related to the East Asia winter monsoon (EAWM) circulation and connected to the cyclonic circulation near Borneo. The correlations between the EAWM indices and the leading principal component (PC) suggest the plausible connections between the low-level wind over the IDP and EAWM predominantly via the wind circulation. We also performed correlation analysis on the relationship between leading mode and sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs). The result indicates that there is a linkage between the northeasterly wind over the IDP and EAWM and with SSTAs in the Pacific Ocean. This study provides useful information and a mechanism related to the monsoon variability over the IDP.
Investigation of the Wind Resource Assessment over 2D Continuous Rolling Hills Due to Tropical Cyclones in the Coastal Region of Southeastern China
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Liu Mengting
Published: February 2014

The effect of tropical cyclones on the turbulent flow over 2D continuous rolling hills was numerically investigated based on a field test analysis of the coastal region of Southeast China. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was first developed and verified using previously published experimental results. Then two typical beneficial and destructive cyclone cases were studied above different locations of the hills. Results showed that the continuous hilly flow was much more drastic and variable than previously reported normal wind; the mean and turbulent magnitudes became the strongest around the hill top, with the maximum speed-up ratio, turbulence intensity and gust-speed ratio of 1.1, 0.32 and 1.6; the flow over lower hill was greatly affected by the nearby higher hills; the mean and fluctuating quantities were mostly smaller than the corresponding single hill case. These phenomena were considered to be related with the rather strong detachment and attachment of the cyclone flow around the two hills. In addition, the mean and fluctuating wind velocities were found to be underestimated by at least 20% if the widely accepted IEC standard equations were utilized, suggesting the necessity to supplement the field test analysis in the standard for more reasonable wind resource evaluation within the Southeast China coastal area.
HuR and TIA1/TIAL1 Are Involved in Regulation of Alternative Splicing of SIRT1 Pre-mRNA
Authors: Zhao Wenhui , Zhao Jinfeng , Hou Miaomiao , Wang Yue , Zhang Yang , Zhao Xin , Zhang Ce , Guo Dawei
Published: February 2014

SIRT1 is a pleiotropic protein that plays critical and multifunctional roles in metabolism, senescence, longevity, stress-responses, and cancer, and has become an important therapeutic target across a range of diseases. Recent research demonstrated that SIRT1 pre-mRNA undergoes alternative splicing to produce different isoforms, such as SIRT1 full-length and SIRT1-∆Exon8 variants. Previous studies revealed these SIRT1 mRNA splice variants convey different characteristics and functions to the protein, which may in turn explain the multifunctional roles of SIRT1. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of SIRT1 alternative splicing remain to be elucidated. Our objective is to search for new pathways that regulate of SIRT1 alternative splicing. Here we describe experiments showing that HuR and TIA1/TIAL1, two kinds of RNA-binding proteins, were involved in the regulation of alternative splicing of SIRT1 pre-mRNA under normal and stress circumstances: HuR increased SIRT1-∆Exon8 by promoting SIRT1 exon 8 exclusion, whereas TIA1/TIAL1 inhibition of the exon 8 exclusion led to a decrease in SIRT1-∆Exon8 mRNA levels. This study provides novel insight into how the alternative splicing of SIRT1 pre-mRNA is regulated, which has fundamental implications for understanding the critical and multifunctional roles of SIRT1.
A Genotoxic Stress-Responsive miRNA, miR-574-3p, Delays Cell Growth by Suppressing the Enhancer of Rudimentary Homolog Gene in Vitro
Authors: Ishikawa Ken-ichi , Ishikawa Atsuko , Shoji Yoshimi , Imai Takashi
Published: February 2014

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA that regulates the expression of its target genes by interacting with the complementary sequence of the target mRNA molecules. Recent evidence has shown that genotoxic stress induces miRNA expression, but the target genes involved and role in cellular responses remain unclear. We examined the role of miRNA in the cellular response to X-ray irradiation by studying the expression profiles of radio-responsive miRNAs and their target genes in cultured human cell lines. We found that expression of miR-574-3p was induced in the lung cancer cell line A549 by X-ray irradiation. Overexpression of miR-574-3p caused delayed growth in A549 cells. A predicted target site was detected in the 3'-untranslated region of the enhancer of the rudimentary homolog (ERH) gene, and transfected cells showed an interaction between the luciferase reporter containing the target sequences and miR-574-3p. Overexpression of miR-574-3p suppressed ERH protein production and delayed cell growth. This delay was confirmed by knockdown of ERH expression. Our study suggests that miR-574-3p may contribute to the regulation of the cell cycle in response to X-ray irradiation via suppression of ERH protein production.
Large-Scale Domain Motions and Pyridoxal-5'-Phosphate Assisted Radical Catalysis in Coenzyme B12-Dependent Aminomutases
Authors: Maity Amarendra , Chen Yung-Han , Ke Shyue-Chu
Published: February 2014

Lysine 5,6-aminomutase (5,6-LAM) and ornithine 4,5-aminomutase (4,5-OAM) are two of the rare enzymes that use assistance of two vitamins as cofactors. These enzymes employ radical generating capability of coenzyme B12 (5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, dAdoCbl) and ability of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP, vitamin B6) to stabilize high-energy intermediates for performing challenging 1,2-amino rearrangements between adjacent carbons. A large-scale domain movement is required for interconversion between the catalytically inactive open form and the catalytically active closed form. In spite of all the similarities, these enzymes differ in substrate specificities. 4,5-OAM is highly specific for D-ornithine as a substrate while 5,6-LAM can accept D-lysine and L-β-lysine. This review focuses on recent computational, spectroscopic and structural studies of these enzymes and their implications on the related enzymes. Additionally, we also discuss the potential biosynthetic application of 5,6-LAM.
Preparation and Catalytic Activity of Carbon Nanofibers Anchored Metallophthalocyanine in Decomposing Acid Orange 7
Authors: Zhou Baocheng , Chen Wenxing
Published: February 2014

Amine-modified CNFs (AN-CNFs) were first obtained through the Billups reaction from carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and were used as supports of cobalt tetracarboxylphthalocyanine (CoTCPc) for the catalytic oxidation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in the CoTCPc-AN-CNFs/H2O2 system. CNFs, AN-CNFs and CoTCPc-AN-CNFs were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption. The oxidative decoloration of AO7 in the presence of CoTCPcNa-AN-CNFs and H2O2 was investigated by UV-Vis absorption spectra. The results showed that AO7 was oxidized efficiently in the CoTCPcNa-AN-CNFs /H2O2 system. The benzene ring was first introduced between CNFs and MPcs. However, its catalytic efficiency and electronic properties would not weaken. New catalytic mechanism may display in this CoTCPcNa-AN-CNFs /H2O2 system.
Characterization of Free and Porous Silicon-Encapsulated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Platforms for the Development of Theranostic Vaccines
Authors: Lundquist Charles , Loo Christopher , Meraz Ismail , Cerda Jorge , Liu Xuewu , Serda Rita
Published: February 2014

Tracking vaccine components from the site of injection to their destination in lymphatic tissue, and simultaneously monitoring immune effects, sheds light on the influence of vaccine components on particle and immune cell trafficking and therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we create a hybrid particle vaccine platform comprised of porous silicon (pSi) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). The impact of nanoparticle size and mode of presentation on magnetic resonance contrast enhancement are examined. SPION-enhanced relaxivity increased as the core diameter of the nanoparticle increased, while encapsulation of SPIONs within a pSi matrix had only minor effects on T2 and no significant effect on T2* relaxation. Following intravenous injection of single and hybrid particles, there was an increase in negative contrast in the spleen, with changes in contrast being slightly greater for free compared to silicon encapsulated SPIONs. Incubation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) with pSi microparticles loaded with SPIONs, SIINFEKL peptide, and lipopolysaccharide stimulated immune cell interactions and interferon gamma production in OT-1 TCR transgenic CD8+ T cells. Overall, the hybrid particle platform enabled presentation of a complex payload that was traceable, stimulated functional T cell and BMDC interactions, and resolved in cellular activation of T cells in response to a specific antigen.
Synthesis of ∆3-2-Hydroxybakuchiol Analogues and Their Growth Inhibitory Activity against Rat UMR106 Cells
Authors: Zhao Qun , Xu Qianqian , Shan Guangsheng , Dong Chao , Zhang Hong , Lei Xinsheng
Published: February 2014

A series of ∆3-2-hydroxybakuchiol analogues have been synthesized and tested for their growth inhibitory activity against rat UMR106 cells by using the MTT method. Some of them exhibit enhanced activities compared with the natural product, and the preliminary SAR profile shows that the chain tail on the natural product could be subtly modified to enhance the activity and the aromatic moiety or the terminal olefin on the main chain can also be modified without any evident loss of activity. The stereo-configuration of the quaternary chiral center has an important influence on the activity.
Rhetorical Conflicts: Civilizational Discourse and the Contested Patrimonies of Spain’s Festivals of Moors and Christians
Authors: Shefferman David
Published: February 2014

The title of this essay identifies a series of verbal scuffles—or “rhetorical conflicts”—that developed in the fall of 2006 within Spain’s larger culture wars. The political skirmishes coalesced around an announcement by the Popular Party (PP) to champion a class of regional festivals for U.N. designation as indispensible elements of “human patrimony.” The war of words stemmed from the PP’s politicization of cultural designations, but the celebrations in question—the fiestas of Moors and Christians common in the south of Valencia region—already generated controversy since they display “rhetorical conflicts” of a different sort: In potentially offensive fashion, the festivals present carnivalesque re-enactments of battles in the medieval “Reconquest” of Iberia by Christian armies over Islamic “Moors.” The essay situates these entangled controversies in the broader context of waves of immigration that have accompanied, or even fueled, a trans-Atlantic discourse centered on notions of a geopolitical “clash of civilizations” between Islam and the West. Accordingly, the debates about the Moors and Christians festivals—like the celebrations themselves—reveal deep ambivalence about the role of Islam and of Muslims in Spain’s past and present.
Slope Superficial Displacement Monitoring by Small Baseline SAR Interferometry Using Data from L-band ALOS PALSAR and X-band TerraSAR: A Case Study of Hong Kong, China
Authors: Chen Fulong , Lin Hui , Hu Xianzhi
Published: February 2014

Owing to the development of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) platforms, and in particular the increase in the availability of multi-source (multi-band and multi-resolution) data, it is now feasible to design a surface displacement monitoring application using multi-temporal SAR interferometry (MT-InSAR). Landslides have high socio-economic impacts in many countries because of potential geo-hazards and heavy casualties. In this study, taking into account the merits of ALOS PALSAR (L-band, good coherence preservation) and TerraSAR (X-band, high resolution and short revisit times) data, we applied an improved small baseline InSAR (SB-InSAR) with 3-D phase unwrapping approach, to monitor slope superficial displacement in Hong Kong, China, a mountainous subtropical zone city influenced by over-urbanization and heavy monsoonal rains. Results revealed that the synergistic use of PALSAR and TerraSAR data produces different outcomes in relation to data reliability and spatial-temporal resolution, and hence could be of significant value for a comprehensive understanding and monitoring of unstable slopes.
RF-to-DC Characteristics of Direct Irradiated On-Chip Gallium Arsenide Schottky Diode and Antenna for Application in Proximity Communication System
Authors: Mustafa Farahiyah , Hashim Abdul
Published: February 2014

We report the RF-to-DC characteristics of the integrated AlGaAs/GaAs Schottky diode and antenna under the direct injection and irradiation condition. The conversion efficiency up to 80% under direct injection of 1 GHz signal to the diode was achieved. It was found that the reduction of series resistance and parallel connection of diode and load tend to lead to the improvement of RF-to-DC conversion efficiency. Under direct irradiation from antenna-to-antenna method, the output voltage of 35 mV was still obtainable for the distance of 8 cm between both antennas in spite of large mismatch in the resonant frequency between the diode and the connected antenna. Higher output voltage in volt range is expected to be achievable for the well-matching condition. The proposed on-chip AlGaAs/GaAs HEMT Schottky diode and antenna seems to be a promising candidate to be used for application in proximity communication system as a wireless low power source as well as a highly sensitive RF detector.
Characterizing and Authenticating Montilla-Moriles PDO Vinegars Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) Technology
Authors: De la Haba María-José , Arias Mar , Ramírez Pilar , López María-Isabel , Sánchez María-Teresa
Published: February 2014

This study assessed the potential of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a non-destructive method for characterizing Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) “Vinagres de Montilla-Moriles” wine vinegars and for classifying them as a function of the manufacturing process used. Three spectrophotometers were evaluated for this purpose: two monochromator instruments (Foss NIRSystems 6500 SY-I and Foss NIRSystems 6500 SY-II; spectral range 400–2,500 nm in both cases) and a diode-array instrument (Corona 45 VIS/NIR; spectral range 380–1,700 nm). A total of 70 samples were used to predict major chemical quality parameters (total acidity, fixed acidity, volatile acidity, pH, dry extract, ash, acetoin, methanol, total polyphenols, color (tonality and intensity), and alcohol content), and to construct models for the classification of vinegars as a function of the manufacturing method used. The results obtained indicate that this non-invasive technology can be used successfully by the vinegar industry and by PDO regulators for the routine analysis of vinegars in order to authenticate them and to detect potential fraud. Slightly better results were achieved with the two monochromator instruments. The findings also highlight the potential of these NIR instruments for predicting the manufacturing process used, this being of particular value for the industrial authentication of traditional wine vinegars.
Sustainable Treatment of Aquaculture Effluents—What Can We Learn from the Past for the Future?
Authors: Turcios Ariel , Papenbrock Jutta
Published: February 2014

Many aquaculture systems generate high amounts of wastewater containing compounds such as suspended solids, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Today, aquaculture is imperative because fish demand is increasing. However, the load of waste is directly proportional to the fish production. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more intensive fish culture with efficient systems for wastewater treatment. A number of physical, chemical and biological methods used in conventional wastewater treatment have been applied in aquaculture systems. Constructed wetlands technology is becoming more and more important in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) because wetlands have proven to be well-established and a cost-effective method for treating wastewater. This review gives an overview about possibilities to avoid the pollution of water resources; it focuses initially on the use of systems combining aquaculture and plants with a historical review of aquaculture and the treatment of its effluents. It discusses the present state, taking into account the load of pollutants in wastewater such as nitrates and phosphates, and finishes with recommendations to prevent or at least reduce the pollution of water resources in the future.
L'Approche centrée sur la personne: que signifie être « centré sur la personne » ?
Authors: Kirschenbaum Howard , Ducroux-Biass Françoise
Published: February 2014

Une nuit, bien des années après sa mort, Carl Rogers apparut à Howard Kirschenbaum – dans un rêve ? Il s’ensuivit une conversation sur le développement de l’Approche centrée sur la personne avant et après la mort de Rogers. Rogers a-t-il suivi les développements de l’approche depuis 1987 ? Comment les ressent-il ? Que pense-t-il des variations sur l’Approche centrée sur la personne : thérapie par le jeu centrée sur l’enfant, thérapie expressive centrée sur la personne, psychothérapie orientée sur le focusing, thérapie expérientielle ou centrée sur les émotions, etc. ? Toutes ces thérapies sont-elles des « thérapies centrées sur la personne » ou l’Approche centrée sur la personne originelle est-elle seule digne de ce nom ? Comment Rogers définit-il vraiment l’« Approche centrée sur la personne » ? Comment voit-il le développement d’associations centrées sur la personne, en particulier l’ Association pour le Développement de l’Approche Centrée sur la Personne 1  ? Dans une de ces entrevues, peut-être la dernière, le biographe de Rogers pousse irrévérencieusement son vieil ami à définir ses propres termes et à prendre parti sur certaines des controverses concernant le mouvement centré sur la personne qui ont lieu actuellement.
Le socle de la pratique centrée sur la personne: un solide ancrage dans la théorie centrée sur la personne
Authors: Wilkins Paul , Priels Jean-Marc
Published: February 2014

La psychothérapie centrée sur la personne ne se limite pas à la mise en œuvre naïve de quelques bonnes intentions. Elle est une approche pratique exigeante qui trouve ses racines dans les développements théoriques de l’Approche centrée sur la personne. Son appropriation nécessite notamment une formation théorique rigoureuse, un engagement éthique et une pratique supervisée approfondie.
N+1 et N+2, même combat ? Vers une analyse différenciée et combinée des rôles des managers en contexte de changement
Authors: Vignal Jérémy
Published: February 2014

De par son positionnement dans l’organisation, la hiérarchie intermédiaire a une forte incidence sur la réussite des changements. Or, cette population est souvent absente de la littérature consacrée au changement. Notre article propose d’explorer les rôles de la hiérarchie intermédiaire face au changement en distinguant les différents niveaux qui la composent.
L'engagement environnemental du secteur hôtelier : proposition d'un modèle conceptuel
Authors: François-Lecompte Agnès , Gentric Michel
Published: February 2014

Pour étudier les ressorts de l’engagement environnemental des hôteliers, une étude qualitative a été effectuée sous forme d’entretiens semi-directifs auprès de 18 directeurs d’hôtels bénéficiant d’une certification écologique. En confrontant leur retour d’expérience au modèle conceptuel de « greening » de Mair et Jago (2010), et, aux travaux menés sur le management environnemental dans le secteur de l’hôtellerie, cette recherche propose une modélisation des leviers (contexte, moteurs, freins, catalyseurs) qui conduisent les hôtels à s’engager dans une démarche de management environnemental.
L'anticipation des conséquences comme vecteur de l'intention de tri des déchets : rôle des émotions, des croyances et de leur valence
Authors: Elgaaïed Leila
Published: February 2014

Ce travail s’intéresse aux déterminants de l’intention de tri des déchets en prenant comme angle d’approche l’anticipation des conséquences par le consommateur. Deux routes parallèles sont mises en évidence ; l’une axée sur les répercussions positives associées au tri, l’autre sur les répercussions négatives associées à l’absence de tri. Les résultats montrent que les croyances en termes de conséquences perçues influencent significativement l’intention de tri. Cette influence se fait via l’effet médiateur des émotions anticipées. Néanmoins, les croyances et émotions anticipées négatives ont un impact plus fort. En outre, les répercussions sur la sphère privée semblent plus efficaces que les répercussions à un niveau plus global.
Dix ans de réflexion...
Authors: Dupont Dominique
Published: February 2014

Le titre initialement choisi pour la revue était Sève , pour « Santé, enjeux, visions, équilibres », et l’ambition de permettre de partager ce que Victor Hugo appelait « la sève intellectuelle de la société », comme le rappelait Didier Tabuteau dans l’éditorial du premier numéro. Si, en dix ans, le titre a changé, l’ambition n’a pas varié ! Le contexte économique et intellectuel, lui, n’est guère favorable à une revue de réflexion et de prospective ; cependant l’une et l’autre nous semblent plus que jamais nécessaires. Cet anniversaire est donc l’occasion de jeter un regard en arrière et de mesurer le chemin parcouru. On trouvera ici, rassemblé sous les quatre termes fondamentaux qui organisent la réflexion éditoriale, un choix, forcément subjectif, d’extraits d’articles particulièrement pertinents. On mesurera également combien l’essentiel des propos reste particulièrement actuel...
Il faut éviter les pièges de l'analogie historique
Authors: Mascret Damien
Published: February 2014

Historien, professeur titulaire de la chaire d’histoire de la santé à l’École des hautes études en santé publique, régulièrement invité à intervenir dans les universités nord-américaines, Patrick Zylberman a publié de nombreux articles et ouvrages, notamment L’Hygiène dans la République, la santé publique en France ou l’utopie contrariée, 1870-1918 (avec L. Murard, Fayard, 1996) ou, plus récemment, Tempêtes microbiennes (Gallimard, 2013). Il accompagne les Tribunes de la santé depuis le premier numéro...
Perspectivas (orteguianas) del paisaje en El Quijote
Authors: Pérez Martínez Ángel
Published: February 2014

La teoría perspectivista, vinculada al Quijote por la multitud de referencias en el corpus orteguiano, permite nuevas indagaciones sobre la importancia del paisaje y la descripción física para comprender la obra cervantina. A esto hay que añadir sus relaciones con los desarrollos de la teoría literaria. Dichas pesquisas resultan sugerentes en el marco del llamado género de viajes y sus contactos tangenciales con el Quijote. Por otro lado y gracias a la publicación de las Obras Completas de Ortega nos encontramos con un nuevo orden de los escritos del filósofo y con un índice apropiado para la investigación.
Cultura visual y emblemática en las Novelas ejemplares de Cervantes
Authors: Arellano Ignacio
Published: February 2014

Este artículo comenta los aspectos emblemáticos de las Novelas ejemplares, señalando las diversas categorías de ocurrencias, desde las más puntuales y menos elaboradas hasta las integradas en las tramas novelescas, desde las que presentan una dimensión visual implícita a las más netamente conectadas con el universo de los emblemas.
«Le quali cose ciascuna per sé e tutte insieme» / «Así de todas juntas como de cada de una de por sí» : Del Decamerón de Boccaccio a las Novelas ejemplares de Cervantes
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Juan Ramón
Published: February 2014

El presente estudio persigue analizar la relación intertextual entre Giovanni Boccaccio y Miguel de Cervantes, centrada en la presencia del Decamerón en las Novelas ejemplares. Después de una presentación, se realiza una descripción de la estructura del Decamerón, con el propósito de detectar las posibles deudas contraídas por Cervantes en cuanto al arte de novelar, procedimientos narrativos, estrategias discursivas y rasgos de estilo se refiere. A continuación se pretende demostrar que el nacimiento de las Novelas ejemplares depende de una reflexión personal de Cervantes acerca de la morfología de la prosa de imaginación extensa, en cuyo seno se desarrolló el género a lo largo del siglo XVI. Por fin, se enumeran las correspondencias directas entre las dos raccolte di novelle.
Recreación narrativa de El celoso extremeño: Amad a la dama, de Gonzalo Hidalgo Bayal
Authors: Calvo Revilla Ana
Published: February 2014

Este artículo analiza la recreación narrativa de la novela ejemplar cervantina, El celoso extremeño, que emprende Gonzalo Hidalgo Bayal en Amad a la dama (2002). Estudiamos las correspondencias y paralelismos que presenta la novela con las dos versiones de la novela ejemplar, con el objetivo de mostrar que el escritor extremeño se sitúa en el continuum de la tradición literaria cervantina, retomando muchos elementos de la novela ejemplar: la trama, la caracterización de los personajes, el diseño de los elementos simbólicos, la pureza del lenguaje, etc.
Predicación y ortodoxia en el Persiles
Authors: Garau Jaume
Published: February 2014

Cervantes no fue ajeno a la influencia que los predicadores ejercían en la sociedad de su tiempo, dada la gran repercusión social, e ideológica, de la que gozó el género oratorio. En este artículo se estudia su presencia en la obra de Cervantes, singularmente en el Persiles, donde a través del análisis de los ejemplos de predicación que se registran en la novela se demuestra su ortodoxia, en contra de aportaciones críticas recientes que la cuestionan.
Semantically Linking Information Resources for Web-Based Sharing
Authors: Zhang Junsheng , Gao Yingfan , He Yanqing , Xu Hongjiao , Shi Chongde , Qu Peng
Published: February 2014

Digital information resources on the web have been playing an important role during the information and knowledge propagation. Advanced applications such as intelligent information retrieval and information recommendation need the semantic relations among the digital information resources. Massive hyperlinks have existed in the current web; however, the semantic relations among the information resources are implicit or missing, and this has hindered the efficiency and effect of information sharing and information reuse, so it is necessary to evolve the hyperlinks to semantic links for enhancing the semantic connections between information resources on the web. Implicit and missing semantic links among the digital information resources are needed by the intelligent applications. In this paper, the authors propose an approach to enhance the semantic associations among digital information resources for realizing a semantic linked web. Applications based on semantic links are discussed and compared with applications on the current web. The semantic linked web can be regarded as a promising stage in the way to the semantic web.
The Face(book) of Unionism
Authors: Gibney Ray , Zagenczyk Tom , Masters Marick F.
Published: February 2014

Information Communication Technology (ICT) offers unions a greater capacity to build cohesion and expand membership. An important issue in assessing the potential benefits of ICT is the nature and scope of union members’ use of this technology. Unions must have an Internet presence. Using data from a 2010 Current Population Survey (CPS), the authors examine the extent to which union members have and use computers and the Internet. In addition, the authors review Facebook pages and Twitter accounts established by or for national labor organizations. The authors find that labor union usage of these social networks has not produced anticipated usage by members.