bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a design and implementation process for the integration of hydrokinetic devices into existing infrastructure in South Africa
Authors: Niebuhr CM , Van Dijk M , Bhagwan JN
Published: August 2019

In South Africa there is currently no notable use of modern small-scale hydrokinetic (HK) energy systems, mainly due to formerly low-cost coal-powered electricity. This renewable energy option makes use of the kinetic energy from flowing water, rather than potential energy, which is more often used in conventional hydropower. Updated refined versions of this technology are now being investigated and manufactured due to the global drive towards reducing carbon emissions and increasing energy efficiency. These modular units allow for installation of HK turbines into existing water infrastructure with very little civil works. The study’s objective was to develop a simplified design and implementation process for HK devices within the South African legislative and regulatory environment. Approximately 66% of South Africa’s water supply is used by the agricultural sector with more than 6 500 km of canal systems running through many areas which could benefit from alternative energy sources. The recent electricity crisis in the country allowed for problem resolution through funding opportunities and thereby an introduction of an innovative and sustainable technology to provide renewable electricity where otherwise not feasible. A pilot HK project was implemented in an applicable section on the Boegoeberg irrigation canal in the Northern Cape Province and tested for optimum functionality and correct application. This process allowed evolution of a development process for the implementation of HK devices in existing water infrastructure.
Prevalence of bromide in groundwater in selected regions in South Africa
Authors: Lucht HL , Casey NH
Published: August 2019

Many regions across South Africa are dependent on groundwater as the only water source for livestock watering and domestic use. This paper presents an analysis of 350 water samples from collated data of 5 reports published between 2001 and 2016 that show the vast range of 0–132.68 mg/L bromide (Br−) present in South African groundwater. It further highlights that Br− may be a greater toxicity risk factor to livestock production and human health as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) and through accumulation in organs than previously considered. Further validation is required of the physiological effects of Br− for inclusion in water quality guidelines (WQG). Attention is drawn to the importance of site-specific water quality (WQ) monitoring and identification of vulnerable populations to enable adequate risk assessment and implementation of mitigating strategies to lower exposure risk in a specific area.
Evaluating the effectiveness of freshwater fishes as bio-indicators for urban impacts in the Crocodile (West) catchment, South Africa
Authors: Levin Jonathan C , Woodford Darragh J , Snow Gavin C
Published: August 2019

Urbanisation in South Africa has resulted in the degradation of aquatic ecosystems across a rural-to-urban gradient; impacting the availability of clean water. Biological organisms, including fish assemblages, have been used as indicators of environmental change, as part of monitoring programmes designed to protect and improve aquatic ecosystem conditions. However, the effectiveness of individual freshwater fish species as bio-indicators for urban impacts has not yet been evaluated. This study investigated the occurrence of freshwater fish species across three urban gradients within the upper Crocodile River sub-management area as potential bio-indicators. Having collected presence and absence data, five native fish species were determined to be widespread. Their effectiveness as bio-indicators for six environmental drivers, identified through principle component analysis, was assessed using species stressor-response curves derived from logistic regression analysis. Of the five species, the largescale yellowfish (Labeobarbus marequensis) and stargazer catfish (Amphilius uranoscopus) showed potential to be effective bio-indicators for urban impacts on aquatic water quality and instream habitat. These taxa, as effective urban bio-indicators, have the potential to improve the efficiency of urban river health assessments through reducing data gathering and staff training requirements.
Review: Methods for the estimation of extreme rainfall events
Authors: Johnson KA , Smithers JC
Published: August 2019

The estimation of design rainfalls is necessary to estimate the exceedance probabilities of extreme floods required to design hydraulic structures and to quantify the risk of failure of these structures. New approaches to estimating extreme rainfall events are being developed internationally. This paper reviews methods for estimating design rainfalls, particularly extreme events, in South Africa and internationally, and highlights the need to update methods used for estimating extreme rainfall events in South Africa as a platform for future research.
Review: Sensors for the improvement of irrigation efficiency in nurseries
Authors: Kaptein Nkosinathi D , Light Marnie E , Savage Michael J
Published: August 2019

Traditional timer-based systems for irrigation management, which are more commonly used in commercial nurseries in South Africa, are not ideal as they may not irrigate seedlings efficiently. A sensor-based irrigation system is presented as an alternative, as this can provide several benefits to nurseries and nursery-grown seedlings. Small-sized soil water sensors that could fit in small-volume nursery containers (25 to 100 mL), and could be integrated into an automated irrigation system, are reviewed. Several experiments have been conducted internationally to measure soil water status of small-volume containers in soilless substrates, and a large body of knowledge is now available. In this review, we describe the principles of several currently commercially available sensors that can be adapted to this purpose, giving advantages and disadvantages of each type. We conclude that a sensor-based irrigation system has great potential to address the challenges associated with irrigation scheduling, while improving water usage in most nurseries.
Adsorption Process of Ammonium by Natural Zeolite (Clinoptilolite) from Aqueous Solution for Aquaculture Application
Authors: ŞAHİN Dilek , ÖZ Meryem , SERTAŞI Eda , ÖZ Ünal , KARSLI Zafer , ARAL Orhan
Published: August 2019

Ammonia is an important nutrient in primary production, but high ammoniaconcentration is directly or indirectly toxic to many species of aquatic organisms.Ammonia and other toxic metabolites can be managed by adsorption and ionexchange. Zeolite is naturally occurring structured, aluminosilicate with highcation exchange and ion adsorption capacity. The purpose of this study was todetermine the effects of zeolite on the ammonium adsorption at different particlesizes (0.075 mm, 3-5 mm) and adsorbent dosages (5 g/l, 10 g/l, 15 g/l) fromaquatic solution. This research was conducted by trial groups with 3 repetitionsduring 330 min. Water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and ammonium valueswere measured during the trial period at regular intervals. Depending on therelevant literature, TAN (Total Ammonium Nitrogen) and adsorption efficiencywere also calculated. This study values showed a decrease of TAN concentrationin all the groups with increasing contact time. For different particle size andadsorbent dosage of zeolite, the best efficiency (44.1%) is determined at added 15g/l and 0.075 mm zeolite group (P˂0.05). Our results revealed that zeolite mightbe used for ammonia removal in aquaculture.
Zencefil (Zingiber officinale)’in Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) İmmunostimulant ve Büyüme Destekleyici Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: SAVAŞER Soner , AKÇİMEN Ufuk , CEYLAN Mustafa , HANOL BEKTAŞ Zübeyde , YENER Osman , BULUT Cafer
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışmada, temini kolay ve ucuz olan zencefil (Zingiber officinale) kökütozunun gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) nonspesifik savunmamekanizmalarına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada, önce zencefil katkılı yemlerlebalıkların beslenmesi, sonra zencefil katkılı yemlerle beslenmiş balıklardaenfeksiyon oluşturulması denemesi gerçekleştirilmiş olup deneme gruplarındabüyüme parametreleri ile nonspesifik immun sistem göstergesi olarak kanparametreleri incelenmiştir. Deneme yemlerinde zencefil kökü tozu oranı0,0 - 0,5 - 1,0 - 2,5 - 5,0 - 10,0 ve 20,0 g/kg olacak şekilde diyetler hazırlanmıştır.Denemede başlangıç ağırlıkları 108,7±17,0 g olan gökkuşağı alabalıklarıkullanılmıştır. Besleme denemesinde 7, 15, 25, 40 ve 60 gün besleme sonrası hergrupta biyometrik ölçümler ve kan parametreleri tespiti yapılmıştır. Enfeksiyondenemesinde 15 gün 0,5 - 1,0 - 2,5 - 5,0 - 10,0 ve 20,0 g/kg oranlarında denemeyemleriyle çalışma yürütülmüş ve Yersinia ruckeri enfeksiyonu oluşturulmuştur.Enfeksiyon denemeleri 35 gün sürmüştür. Sonuç olarak alabalıklarda zencefilkullanımının büyüme ve bağışıklık açısından olumlu etki gösterdiği ve alabalıkyetiştiricilerine 7 gün kullanım için 1,0 - 5,0 g/kg; 15 ve 25 gün kullanım için2,5 g/kg; 40 ve 60 gün kullanım için 0,5 - 2,5 g/kg oranında zencefil kullanımınıntavsiye edilebileceği belirlenmiştir.
Efeito da estimulação elétrica periférica e cerebral na força isométrica máxima dos extensores do joelho: ensaio clínico aleatorizado
Authors: Dos Santos Gabriel Alysson Costa , Cavalcante Polyanna Gomes Lacerda , Sousa Tayná Barros da Silva , Benício Ruan Victor Rodrigues , De Araujo Ben-Hur James Maciel , Dias Francisco Irisvan Coelho de Resende , Fontenele Allana Rhamayana Bonifácio , Hazime Fuad Ahmad
Published: August 2019

INTRODUÇÃO: Recentes evidências têm demonstrado resultados bastante promissores para o uso de estratégias não invasivas de neuromodulação na melhora de habilidades físicas ou esportivas. A estimulação elétrica periférica (EEP) e a estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) são técnicas não invasivas e não farmacológicas bastante utilizadas para modular a excitabilidade neuronal de áreas cortico-motoras e estimular a recuperação funcional. No entanto, poucos estudos têm investigado o efeito dessas técnicas na melhora do desempenho muscular. OBJETIVO: Investigar o efeito da estimulação elétrica periférica sensorial (EEPs) seguida de estimulação elétrica periférica motora (EEPm) ou estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) na força isométrica máxima dos extensores do joelho em indivíduos saudáveis. MÉTODO: 20 universitários saudáveis foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois blocos distintos de 10 participantes cada: Bloco n°1 EEPs real + EEPm real ou EEPs simulada + EEPm real e bloco n°2 EEPs real + ETCC real ou EEPs simulada + ETCC real em uma única sessão. A contração voluntária isométrica máxima (CVIM) dos extensores do joelho foi avaliada por meio da dinamometria manual antes, durante e 10 min pós-estimulação. RESULTADOS: A CVIM dos extensores do joelho aumentou significativamente 10 minutos pós-ETCC isolada (diferença média = 0,23 N/Kg; IC 95% = 0,01 a 0,44 N/Kg; p = 0,04). A ETCC isolada também apresentou maior proporção cumulativa de respondedores seguido de EEPs+ETCC. CONCLUSÃO: A estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua induz a aumentos significativos na CVIM em indivíduos saudáveis. No entanto, a aplicação prévia de estimulação elétrica periférica sensorial não impulsiona os efeitos da estimulação elétrica periférica motora ou cerebral na CVIM.
Joint Body‐ and Surface‐Wave Tomography of Yucca Flat, Nevada, Using a Novel Seismic Source
Authors: Toney Liam D. , Abbott Robert E. , Preston Leiph A. , Tang David G. , Finlay Tori , Phillips‐Alonge Kristin
Published: August 2019

In preparation for the next phase of the Source Physics Experiments, we acquired an active‐source seismic dataset along two transects totaling more than 30 km in length at Yucca Flat, Nevada, on the Nevada National Security Site. Yucca Flat is a sedimentary basin which has hosted more than 650 underground nuclear tests (UGTs). The survey source was a novel 13,000 kg modified industrial pile driver. This weight drop source proved to be broadband and repeatable, richer in low frequencies (1–3 Hz) than traditional vibrator sources and capable of producing peak particle velocities similar to those produced by a 50 kg explosive charge. In this study, we performed a joint inversion of P‐wave refraction travel times and Rayleigh‐wave phase‐velocity dispersion curves for the P‐ and S‐wave velocity structure of Yucca Flat. Phase‐velocity surface‐wave dispersion measurements were obtained via the refraction microtremor method on 1 km arrays, with 80% overlap. Our P‐wave velocity models verify and expand the current understanding of Yucca Flat’s subsurface geometry and bulk properties such as depth to Paleozoic basement and shallow alluvium velocity. Areas of disagreement between this study and the current geologic model of Yucca Flat (derived from borehole studies) generally correlate with areas of widely spaced borehole control points. This provides an opportunity to update the existing model, which is used for modeling groundwater flow and radionuclide transport. Scattering caused by UGT‐related high‐contrast velocity anomalies substantially reduced the number and frequency bandwidth of usable dispersion picks. The S‐wave velocity models presented in this study agree with existing basin‐wide studies of Yucca Flat, but are compromised by diminished surface‐wave coherence as a product of this scattering. As nuclear nonproliferation monitoring moves from teleseismic to regional or even local distances, such high‐frequency (>5  Hz) scattering could prove challenging when attempting to discriminate events in areas of previous testing.
Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Benue state, Nigeria
Authors: Obijiaku Ifeoma N. , Kwaga Jacob K.P. , Kabir Junaidu , Lawal Idris A. , Blake Damer P.
Published: August 2019

Background: Toxoplasmosis causes serious economic losses in livestock. Congenital transmission can occur in pregnant women, commonly with serious consequences.Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to screen for the absence or presence of anti-T. gondii IgM or IgG antibodies and explore associated risk factors in pregnant women (n=261) that attended antenatal clinics in selected hospitals in Benue state, Nigeria. Blood samples were subjected to enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Information on sociodemographic data and possible risk factors were obtained using a structured questionnaire.Results: Out of 261 pregnant women, 19 (7.3%) and 108 (41.1%) were seropositive for anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG respectively. Comparison of IgM and IgG results suggested that 4.4% presented evidence of possible primary infection, 38.7% previous exposure, 2.8% possible reactivated or chronic infections and 51.8% were susceptible to T. gondii infection. The nature of women’s housing was significantly associated with anti-T. gondii IgM seropositivity (p <0.05). Pregnant women that lived in mud houses with thatched roofs were three times more likely to be seropositive than those who lived in concrete/brick houses with aluminium/zinc roofs (OR=3.123, 95% CI:1.027, 9.495). The study also showed that 17.7% of apparent infections were attributable to the nature of housing. More than half of the women sampled were at risk of contracting primary toxoplasmosis.Conclusion: Screening for anti- T. gondii antibodies during antenatal care is advocated in order to detect affected women so that appropriate management strategies can be implemented.
Etiology and clinico-hematological profile of neonates with pathological unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia: a tertiary care centre experience
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sujaya , Hassan Najia
Published: August 2019

Background: Jaundice is visible manifestation of raised serum bilirubin. Jaundice in newborns is not an uncommon occurrence. Usually jaundice in newborn is due to elevation of unconjugated bilirubin. There are varied causes of unconjugated hyper bilirubenemia. This study was conceptualized to see the etiology and clinico-hematological profile of neonates with pathological unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia who were admitted in the specific time frame in Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida which is a tertiary care hospital in Western U.P. Methods: This is a retrospective study in which data of all neonates admitted to NICU with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy and/or exchange transfusion in the period 1.7.2018 to 31.12.2018 was collected and analyzed. History including birth weight, mode of delivery, gestational age, mother's blood group, etc. was recorded. Complete physical examination and investigation done for diagnosis noted. Results: It was seen that out of 438 admissions in NICU, 63% had neonatal jaundice and 18.8% of this had pathological unconjugated hyper bilirubenemia. 63.5% were males and 36.5% females. Majority were term babies. Most of the babies developed jaundice on day 3 of life. In 61% cases no cause for jaundice could be ascertained despite investigations for the same. ABO and Rh incompatibility accounted for 15.30% and 5.7% cases respectively. All patients received phototherapy and 3.8% underwent exchange transfusion. Conclusions: From the study it can be concluded that although blood group incompatibility is an important cause of pathological unconjugated hyper bilirubenemia but in most of the cases no cause is usually found.
Pré-Processamento de Imagens Digitais para Segmentação de Pimentas
Authors: Silva Paulo Renato Baliza , Galvão Filho Arlindo Rodrigues , Lima Marcilon Fonseca , Coelho Clarimar José
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para segmentação de imagens de pimentas com o objetivo evidenciar a região de interesse das imagens, removendo toda a informação desnecessária e proporcionando diminuição da dimensionalidade das imagens. Os resultados obtidos demonstram qualitativamente a eficiência da segmentação das imagens.
Pré-Processamento e Classificação de Imagens NIR das Veias da Palma da Mão e Pulso Utilizando Análise por Componentes Principais
Authors: De Oliveira Ronany Alves , Nunes Matheus , Nogueira Heber Valdo , Galvão Filho Arlindo Rodrigues , Coelho Clarimar José
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é pré-processar imagens das palmas da mãos e punhos de indivíduos no intuito de aprimorar a acurácia de um modelo classificador. Tal processamento é feito para evidenciar as veias nas imagens como fator a ser usado para o reconhecimento do indivíduo. A classificação é feita empregando a análise por componentes principais, a partir de um banco de imagens no espectro do infravermelho, contendo 2400 imagens de 50 indivíduos diferentes. Os resultados obtidos utilizando o pré-processamento proposto mostram uma melhora da acurácia média de 18% em relação ao modelo que utilizou as imagens originais.
Aplicação do Arco de Maguerez no Ensino de Física
Authors: Silva Clebes Andre , Cavalcante Nicolas Azarias , Santana Wanderson Nunes
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho busca meios para aperfeiçoar o processo ensino aprendizagem, para isso, adotamos uma metodologia na qual o educador coloca-se com um eterno aprendiz diante do processo citado, ou seja, ouvindo o educando, o educador buscar estratégias para motivar o próprio educando; motivar o educando para que o mesmo tenha algum interesse em estudar os conteúdos da grade curricular. Para estabelecer um diálogo saudável com os educandos, resolvemos adotar como suporte uma atividade que será confeccionada através de uma ferramenta online e terá como estrutura o Arco de Maguerez. Utilizamos a ferramenta online com o objetivo de aplicarmos a atividade sem consumir muitas aulas. Já o Arco de Maguerez, serve para estruturar o foco do diálogo. Aplicaremos tal atividade em uma única aula explicativa e dialogada onde forneceremos um URL (link) referente a um formulário (ferramenta online) constituído de 06 perguntas estruturadas para obedecer ao ciclo da segunda versão do Arco de Maguerez. Ao responderem o formulário nenhum educando foi identificado. Após o prazo estabelecido (11 dias) 50% dos educandos haviam respondido o formulário. Através do diálogo estabelecido em sala de aula e das respostas às perguntas do formulário, podemos observar que o ato de ouvir os educandos e aplicar algumas de suas sugestões, implica diretamente em mudanças na metodologia de ensino mais utilizada na atualidade (ensino tradicional). Consequente, observamos um significativo anseio por mudanças: mais aulas inovadoras, um educador que se preocupada com seu educando, mais prática e menos teoria etc. Logo, podemos salientar que o objetivo deste trabalho foi alcançado, demonstrando que através do diálogo com o próprio educando, o educador pode encontrar meios para aperfeiçoar o processo ensino aprendizagem.
Algoritmo do Morcego para Seleção de Variáveis em Calibração Multivariada
Authors: Da Silva Welverton Rodrigues , De Paula Lauro Cássio Martins , Soares Anderson Da Silva , Coelho Clarimar José
Published: August 2019

Selecionar variáveis consiste em escolher um subconjunto de características, que fornecem informações úteis, em um grande conjunto de dados. Nesse contexto, a calibração multivariada é um campo de estudo que utiliza técnicas estatísticas para construir modelos matemáticos, os quais estabelecem um aprendizado sobre os dados. Para construir tais modelos, muitas vezes torna-se necessário utilizar técnicas de seleção de variáveis. Algoritmos bioinspirados têm sido adaptados e utilizados como métodos de seleção por diversos trabalhos na literatura. O Algoritmo do Morcego (BA, do inglês Bat Algorithm) é uma meta-heurística inspirada na ecolocalização dos morcegos, no qual cada morcego pode ser considerado como uma possível solução para o espaço de busca. Com isso, este trabalho propõe uma implementação do BA para a seleção de variáveis em problemas de calibração multivariada. Os resultados demonstram que o nosso BA é até três vezes melhor que métodos tradicionais em relação à capacidade preditiva de modelos de calibração.
Branding personal y creación de gurús académicos
Authors: Regalado-Ortegón Alejandra
Published: August 2019

Los objetivos más importantes de esta investigación, han sido el definir cuáles son las características principales con las que debe contar un docente académico para ser visto como autoridad intelectual y especificar los pasos que, debe seguir para destacarse en el área educativa y crear su marca personal. Para lograr los objetivos, se hicieron encuestas a estudiantes de Pregrado de diferentes universidades, con el fin de definir cualitativamente los factores que, determinan el nivel de satisfacción educativa por parte de los estudiantes, con respecto a los profesores. Las conclusiones del presente estudio, permitieron identificar que los gurús o autoridades intelectuales, son profesionales que confían en sí mismos, se actualizan constantemente, trabajan en equipo, tienen una alta capacidad de transmisión de conocimientos y buscan una permanente innovación en su desempeño profesional.
Avaliações de desempenho no ensino contábil brasileiro: Uma análise comparativa entre IES diante do Exame de Suficiência do CFC
Authors: Marçal Ronan Reis , Matos Vinícius da Silva , De Carvalho Thauan Felipe Medeiros , Carvalho Marcia da Silva
Published: August 2019

O Exame de Suficiência do Conselho Federal de Contabilidade (CFC) é mencionado por diversos autores como uma ferramenta de avaliação do desempenho de estudantes de Ciências Contábeis. Desde 2011 o exame foi alavancado como condição necessária para a obtenção do registro profissional contábil por meio da Lei 12.249 (2010). Embora o exame tenha sido aplicado ininterruptamente desde a referida Lei, seus resultados não haviam sido divulgados, até então, de forma segregada por Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES). Contudo, em 2017, o CFC disponibilizou os resultados do exame aplicado no primeiro semestre de forma analítica, considerando os resultados auferidos por cada IES. Mediante a relevância do exame e a novidade informacional, este estudo buscou verificar se há diferença no nível de desempenho obtido pelos estudantes de Ciências Contábeis das IES brasileiras no Exame de Suficiência do CFC, considerando as diferentes características dessas IES como possíveis determinantes de desempenho. Foram utilizados métodos quantitativos para a verificação das hipóteses formuladas considerado um nível de confiança de 95% o tempo todo. Os resultados sugerem diferenças estatisticamente significativas das médias de aprovação no Exame de Suficiência para todas as condições observadas. Os achados deste estudo contribuem para a esfera de pesquisas sobre o ensino contábil no Brasil permitindo análises setoriais nessa vertente.
İnme Sonrası Nöropsikiyatrik Sorunlar
Authors: GENÇER Ali Görkem , HOCAOĞLU Çiçek
Published: August 2019

İnme toplumdaki en sık yeti
yitimi nedeni olarak göze çarpan bir hastalıktır. İnmenin altında yatan temel
patofizyolojik süreçler enfarkt ve hemorajidir. İnme geçiren hastaların %20’si
orta düzeyde bağımlı hale gelmektedir. Demans, depresyon, anksiyete bozukluğu,
mani, psikoz, patolojik emosyonlar, apati ve katastrofik reaksiyon, inme
sonrasında klinisyenlerin karşılaştıkları zorlu psikiyatrik tabloları oluşturmaktadır.
Bu derlemede, inme sonrası dönemde görülen psikopatolojilerin epidemiyoloji,
etyoloji, klinik ve tedavileri konusunda güncel gelişmeler perspektifinde elde
edilen veriler paylaşılacaktır.
CONSUMO E ENDIVIDAMENTO: UMA AVALIAÇÃO DA CONDUTA ECONÔMICA INSPIRADA NO MODELO DE VAN RAAIJ
Authors: Santos Silva Aline
Published: August 2019

Este artigo parte da constatação de que o comportamento do consumidor contraria a racionalidade substantiva descrita pela Escola Neoclássica, em que o homem econômico é tido como um ser cujo comportamento pode ser explicado pelo autointeresse e baseado nas escolhas feitas por meio de um ordenamento de suas preferencias. Sugere-se a abordagem da Psicologia Econômica como forma de análise do comportamento de consumo, inspirando-se no Modelo de Integração da Conduta Econômica de Fred van Raaij. Busca-se compreender a realidade do processo de tomada de decisão de consumo e o posicionamento ante o endividamento mediante uma pesquisa com 385 pessoas residentes em Salvador-Ba, pertencentes à População Economicamente Ativa.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE O PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA E AS MELHORIAS ADQUIRIDAS PELAS FAMÍLIAS BENEFICIÁRIAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Menna Julio Cesar , Portugal Fernando Osorio , Pretto Alessandra Doumid Borges , Neto Dary Pretto , Rasia Isabel Cristina Barros
Published: August 2019

Contexto: O programa bolsa família contribui com a melhora das desigualdades sociais, combate a pobreza, melhora da alimentação, melhores condições habitacionais, maior frequência e progressão escolar, assim como em melhoria na qualidade dos cuidados de saúde. Objetivo: verificar a relação entre o Programa Bolsa Família e a aquisição de melhorias para as famílias beneficiárias do Município de Pelotas/RS. Procedimento metodológico: Análise de banco de dados, onde foi realizada uma coleta junto a 370 beneficiárias da zona urbana e rural do Município de Pelotas/RS. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de abril a julho de 2015. O questionário aplicado foi composto de quinze questões fechadas, abordando características socioeconômicas e questões acerca do tema a ser estudado e era aplicado pelos alunos. Os questionários foram no Epi Info 6.0 d® e a análise dos dados foi realizada a partir do pacote estatístico SPSS® 21.0. Resultados: As características das famílias entrevistadas encontram-se na maior parte em situações adversas: 41,9% ganha menos de um salário mínimo, 32,7% não trabalham, a maior parte gasta o benefício com a compra de alimentos, o baixo grau de escolaridade, sendo 10% analfabetos e 27,3% têm o ensino fundamental incompleto.
Twisting Angle Analysis of Laminated Composite Plates using Numerical and Statistical Methods
Authors: Evran Savaş
Published: August 2019

This study deals with the investigation of the
effects of fiber orientation angles on the analysis of angle of twist of
laminated composite plates under cantilever boundary conditions with left edge
clamped and remaining edges free (C-F-F-F). Numerical twisting angle analyses
were conducted based on Taguchi’s L8 ortogonal array. The plates were designed
using 8 plies and each two plies was determined to be a control factor. The
fiber orientation angles in each control factor were assumed to vary from 100
to 800 through the axial direction. Analysis of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was
performed to see the effects of fiber angles and to determine the optimum
levels for minimum twisting angle. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to
analyze the significant control factors and percent contributions on the
twisting angle results. Regression analysis was employed mathematically in
order to see the effects of the fiber angles on the response. According to
ANOVA result, the most effective control factors were found to be D with 87.51
%, C with 10.26 %, A with 1.22 %, and B with 0.04 % respectively.
Akıllı Ev Uygulamaları için Yeni Nesil IoT Denetleyici ile Gerçek Zamanlı Uzaktan İzleme ve Kontrol Uygulaması
Authors: Taştan Mehmet
Published: August 2019

İnternet çağını çok hızlı yaşadığımız günümüzde,
sürekli olarak artan Nesnelerin İnterneti (IoT) uygulamaları hayatımızı
kolaylaştırmaktadır. İnsan makine etkileşimli IoT tabanlı uygulamaların en
popüleri şüphesiz akıllı ev uygulamalarıdır. Akıllı ev uygulamalarında cihazlar
birbiri ile haberleşerek insan müdahalesi olmadan çalışabilirler. Buda bize
zaman ve enerjiden tasarruf etmemizi sağlar. Bu çalışmada; 32-bit Dual Core
ESP32 modül ve Blynk IOS/Android arayüz geliştiricisi kullanarak gerçek zamanlı
veri izleme ve kontrol uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Blynk platformuyla
tasarlanan Android tabanlı uzaktan izleme ve kontrol arayüzü sayesinde bir
akıllı eve ait sıcaklık ve nem verileri kullanılarak ısıtma sisteminin kontrolü
sağlanmıştır. Mobil cihaza kurulan android arayüz, ısıtma sisteminin çalışma
saatlerini belirleyen haftalık programlama özelliğine sahiptir. Mobil cihazdan
elde edilen konum bilgisi kullanılarak, ESP32 modül ile mobil cihaz arasındaki
mesafe anlık olarak hesaplanır. Hesaplanan bu mesafeye göre ısıtma sistemi
otomatik olarak çalışır veya durur. Blynk uygulamasının sunduğu bulut hizmeti,
bize sistem ile ilgili sayısal verilerin depolama imkanını sunmaktadır.
Önerilen IoT tabanlı bu akıllı ısıtma sistemi sağladığı enerji tasarrufunun
yanında kullanıcıların konforunu da arttırmaktadır.
DISCURSO POR LA ENTREGA DE LA «MEDALLA AL MÉRITO POR LA DEFENSA AL MEDIO AMBIENTE 2019»
Authors: Gama Campillo Lilia María
Published: August 2019

En reconocimiento a su trayectoria profesional, académica, de investigación y su permanente contribución a la protección del entorno natural, la profesora de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Lilia María Gama Campillo, recibió la Medalla al Mérito por la Defensa al Medio Ambiente 2019 por parte de La LXIII Legislatura del H. Congreso del Estado.
Importance of NS5 Protein to Zika Virus Survival
Authors: Elshahawi Hesham , Syed Hassan Sharifah , Balasubramaniam Vinod
Published: August 2019

ZIKV is the latest addition to an ever-growing list of arboviruses that are causing outbreaks with serious consequences. 14 mild cases were recorded between 1960 and 1980 until the first major outbreak was recorded in 2007 on Yap island followed by more severe outbreaks in French Polynesia (2013) and Brazil (2015) leading to a 20-fold increase in GBS and Microcephaly cases respectively. Various transmission methods have been recorded ranging from Aedes mosquito vector transmission to sexual and vertical transmission. No current vaccines or treatments are available but recent studies have taken interest in the NS5 protein which has both the RdRp & MTase domains making it important for viral replication alongside other important functions such as inhibiting the innate immune system thus ensuring virus survival and replication. Structural studies can help design inhibitors while biochemical studies can help understand the various mechanisms utilized by NS5 thus counteracting them can inhibit or abolish the viral infection. Drug repurposing has proven to be an effective tool since hundreds of thousands of compounds can be screened in-silico thus saving time and resources while also having information available on such compounds especially if they are already used to treat other ailments.
Pelatihan Wirausaha Pembuatan Pengharum Ruangan Bernilai Ekonomis Di Kalangan Ibu Rumah Tangga Kampung Penas
Authors: Haro Andrian , Nazir Ahmad Gatot , A. W. S Waspodo Agung , Aviyati Friska
Published: August 2019

To improve the capabilities and skills of housewives in Penas Kalimalang village, it can be done through training in entrepreneurship skills in making economic value fragrances and can serve as souvenir gifts. This skills training uses survey and interview methods as well as demonstration practices directly in front of participants. The number of participants participating was 22 housewives. The purpose of this study was to improve entrepreneurship skills of housewives in Penas Kalimalang Village through the manufacture of economically-priced air fresheners. With the presence of this training can help and develop the creativity, ability, and knowledge of housewives, especially in the area of â€‹â€‹ Penas Kalimalang village to produce independently or in groups of air freshener products that have economic value and can be used as home industry businesses.
Penyuluhan Kewirausahaan Bagi Anggota Kelompok Karang Taruna Di Kelurahan Malaka Sari, Duren Sawit
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Purwana Dedi , Purwana Dedi , Aditya Shandy
Published: August 2019

Kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat mengenai penyuluhan kewirausahaan bagi anggota Karang Taruna ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman bagi generasi muda dalam menyusun rencana usaha. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada hari Minggu, tanggal 7 Oktober 2018, bertempat di gedung Sony Sugema Colege, Duren Sawit dengan pendanaan dari DIPA BLU Fakultas Ekonomi UNJ yang dihadiri oleh sebanyak 19 orang peserta.

Dalam kegiatan ini dipaparkan tentang kisah sukses, manfaat, risiko, serta tantangan berwirausaha. Setelah itu dibentuk kelompok yang terdiri dari empat hingga lima orang dan mereka diberi tugas untuk menyusun rencana usaha sederhana untuk kemudian dipresentasikan. Ini merupakan aplikasi dari langkah-langkah penyusunan rencana usaha yang telah dipaparkan sebelumnya di materi. Rencana usaha tersebut kemudian diberikan tanggapan dari instruktur serta peserta lain.

Dari kegiatan ini diperoleh wawasan bahwa secara umum generasi muda memiliki ketertarikan tinggi untuk berwirausaha namun tidak memiliki panduan yang jelas dalam pelaksanaannya. Modal pribadi merupakan sumber pendanaan utama yang diharapkan oleh mayoritas para peserta, sementara pinjaman bank merupakan pilihan terakhir. Meski demikian, seluruh peserta menunjukkan determinasi yang kuat untuk mulai berwirausaha.
Estado actual y desafíos emergentes en la prevención y el control del tabaco
Authors: Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam , Roa-Rodríguez Reina , Barrington-Trimis Jessica L , Blanco-Marquizo Adriana
Published: August 2019

Objetivos. Revisar la aplicación del Convenio Marco de la OMS para el Control del Tabaco en las Américas, describir dos estudios de caso nacionales y analizar la evidencia sobre los cigarrillos electrónicos desde la perspectiva de salud pública. Material y métodos. Revisión de la legislación de control de tabaco y la evidencia científica sobre los ciga­rrillos electrónicos. Resultados. La aplicación de políticas no es homogénea, con avances importantes en ambientes libres de humo, advertencias sanitarias gráficas y vigilancia epidemiológica, pero desafíos pendientes en la prohibición total de la publicidad, incremento de impuestos y cesación tabáquica. La interferencia de la industria tabacalera es uno de los principales obstáculos para avanzar y los nuevos productos crean incertidumbre sobre su regulación. Conclusiones. Se necesita revitalizar la voluntad política para aplicar in­tegralmente el Convenio, tomando decisiones basadas en evidencia ante los nuevos desafíos y defendiendo los logros de la interferencia de la industria.
Effect of a rescue or recurrence dose of lasmiditan on efficacy and safety in the acute treatment of migraine: Findings from the Phase 3 trials (SAMURAI and SPARTAN)
Authors: Loo Li Shen , Plato Brian , Turner Ira , Case Michael , Raskin Joel , dowsett sherie , Krege John
Published: August 2019

Background

We studied the efficacy and safety of a second dose of lasmiditan for acute treatment of migraine.

Methods

SAMURAI and SPARTAN were double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 studies in which individuals with migraine were randomized to oral lasmiditan 50mg (SPARTAN only), 100mg, 200mg, or placebo. Study drug was to be taken within 4 hours (h) of onset of a migraine attack (moderate or severe pain). A second dose of study drug was provided for rescue (patient not pain-free at 2h and took a second dose 2-24h post-first dose) or recurrence (patient pain-free at 2h, but experienced recurrence of mild, moderate, or severe migraine pain and took a second dose 2-24h after first dose). Randomization to second dose occurred at baseline; patients originally assigned lasmiditan were randomized to the same lasmiditan dose or placebo (2:1 ratio), and those originally assigned placebo received placebo. Data from SAMURAI and SPARTAN were pooled for efficacy and safety assessment of a second dose of lasmiditan.

Results

The proportion of patients taking a second dose was lower with lasmiditan versus placebo, and decreased with increasing lasmiditan dose; the majority who took a second dose did so for rescue. In patients taking lasmiditan as first dose, outcomes (pain free, most bothersome symptom [MBS] free) at 2h after a second dose for rescue were similar whether the second dose was lasmiditan or placebo (p>0.05 in all cases). In patients taking lasmiditan for first dose, outcomes at 2h after a second dose for recurrence were as follows: lasmiditan pooled versus placebo - pain free, 50% vs 32% (p>0.05); MBS free, 71% vs 41% (p=0.02); pain relief, 77% vs 52% (p=0.03). In patients whose first dose was lasmiditan, the incidence of treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) reported after the second dose was similar whether second dose was lasmiditan or placebo.

Conclusions

A second dose of lasmiditan showed some evidence of efficacy when taken for headache recurrence. There was no clear benefit of a second dose of lasmiditan for rescue treatment. The incidences of TEAEs were similar whether the second dose was lasmiditan or placebo.
Impact of intestinal helminthes infections on malnutrition and haematological indices of school-age children in Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Authors: Lemma Wossenseged , Tarekegn Daniel , Birhanie Meseret
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Ethiopia, the second populous nation in Africa, has been grouped under low income countries. Stunting, underweight and wasting in school children are very common. The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of intestinal helminthesand schistosomiasison malnutrition, anaemiaand haematological indices in the school age children of Azezo Elementary School in Gondar town.
Methods:Kato Katz technique was performed todetermine infection and intensity of intestinal helminthinfections. AnthroPlus software version 1.04 (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland) was used to get malnutrition indiceswhile fully-automated hematologicalcell counter (Mindray BC-3200) andMindray BS-200E chemistry analyser were used to determine haematological and biochemical parametrs.
Results: Atotal of 384 school childrenwere recruited in this study.The overall prevalence of helminthes infections was 45.8% (178/384) with the leading Ascarislumbericoides infection (20.6%) compared to the second leading Schistosomamansoni(17.4%)and third leading hook worm infections (13.3%).The prevalencesof body mass indexes for age Z-scores (BAZ) indices were 9.6% (37) wasting, 17.2%(66) sever thinness, 38.5%(148) thinness, 34.1% (131) normal and 0.5%(2) overweight. On the other hand, the prevalences of height for age Z-scores (HAZ) indices were 12.2%(47) stunt, 87%(334) normal and 0.8%(3) over height.Of the total 384 school age children, 335(87.2%) had normal blood glucose level (70 – 110 mg/dL) while the remaining 49 (12.8%) school age children were hypoglycemic. The number of the school children with normal total protein level (6.6 – 8 g/dL) was 259(67.4%) while the remaining 125(32.6%) school children were hypo-proteinaemic. The prevalence of anemia in the school age children was 33.1%(127).Intestinal helminthes infections were statistically significantly associated (p = 0.000) with hypo-glycemia, hypo-proteinaemia and anemia compared with non-infected school children. The likelihood of anemia in intestinal helminth infected school children, when it was compared with uninfected was 148 times higher for both Ascarislumbericoides-Schistosomamansoni co-infection, 38 times for Hook worm, 20 times for Schistosomamansoni and 3 times for Ascarislumbericoidesmono-infection.
Conclusion: Intestinal helminth infections in school age children aggravate malnutrition. Prolonged malnutrition and intestinal helminth infections could result in stunting in school-age children.
Prevalence of and risk factors for chronic kidney disease and diabetic kidney disease in a central Chinese urban population: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Duan Jiayu , Duan Guang-Cai , Wang Chong-Jian , Liu Dong-Wei , Qiao Ying-Jin , Pan Shao-Kang , Jiang Deng-Ke , Liu Yong , Zhao Zi-Hao , Liang Lu-Lu , Tian Fei , Liu Zhang-Suo
Published: August 2019

Background

This study was conducted to evaluate and update the current prevalence of and risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in a China.

Methods

A total of 5231 participants were randomly recruited for this study. CKD and DKD were defined according to the combination of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), presence of albuminuria and diabetes. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing lifestyle and relevant medical history, and blood and urinary specimens were taken. Serum creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and urinary albumin were assessed. The age- and gender-adjusted prevalences of CKD and DKD were calculated, and risk factors associated with the presence of reduced eGFR, albuminuria, DKD, severity of albuminuria and progression of reduce renal function were analyzed by binary and ordinal logistic regression.

Results

The overall adjusted prevalence of CKD was 16.8% (15.8 – 17.8%) and that of DKD was 3.5% (3.0 – 4.0%). Decreased renal function was detected in 132 participants [2.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5 – 3.2%], whereas albuminuria was found in 858 participants (14.9%, 95% CI: 13.9 – 15.9%). In all participants with diabetes, the prevalence of reduced eGFR was 6.3% (95% CI = 3.9 – 8.6%) and that of albuminuria was 45.3% (95% CI = 40.4 – 50.1%). The overall prevalence of CKD in participants with diabetes was 48.0% (95% CI = 43.1 – 52.9%). The results of the binary and ordinal logistic regression indicated that factors independently associated with higher risk of reduced eGFR and albuminuria were older age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia.

Conclusions

Our study shows the current prevalences of CKD and DKD in residents of Central China. The high prevalence suggests an urgent need to implement interventions to relieve the high burden of CKD and DKD in China.
The precursor for nerve growth factor (proNGF) is not a serum or biopsy-rinse biomarker for thyroid cancer diagnosis
Authors: Rowe Christopher W , Faulkner Sam , Paul Jonathan W , Tolosa Jorge M , Gedye Craig , Bendinelli Cino , Wynne Katie , McGrath Shaun , Attia John , Smith Roger , Hondermarck Hubert
Published: August 2019

Background: Nerves and neurotrophic growth factors are emerging promoters of cancer growth. The precursor for Nerve Growth Factor (proNGF) is overexpressed in thyroid cancer, but its potential role as a clinical biomarker has not been reported. Here we have examined the value of proNGF as a serum and biopsy-rinse biomarker for thyroid cancer diagnosis. Methods: Patients presenting for thyroid surgery or biopsy were enrolled in separate cohorts examining serum (n=204, including 46 cases of thyroid cancer) and biopsy-rinse specimens (n=188, including 26 cases of thyroid cancer). ProNGF levels in clinical samples were analysed by ELISA. Multivariate statistical analyses testing for potential confounders were used to compare proNGF levels with clinicopathological parameters. Results: ProNGF was not detected in the majority of serum samples 176/204 (86%) and the detection of proNGF was not associated with thyroid cancer diagnosis. In the few cases where proNGF was detected in the serum, thyroidectomy did not affect proNGF concentration, demonstrating that the thyroid was not the source of serum proNGF. Intringuingly, an association between hyperthyroidism and serum proNGF was observed (OR 3.3, 95%CI 1.6-8.7 p=0.02). In biopsy-rinse, proNGF was detected in 73/188 (39%) cases, with no association between proNGF and thyroid cancer. However, a significant positive association between follicular lesions and biopsy-rinse proNGF was found (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-8.7, p=0.02). Conclusions: ProNGF levels in serum and biopsy-rinse are not increased in thyroid cancer and therefore proNGF is not a clinical biomarker for this condition.
Renal involvement as the first symptom of multiple myeloma
Authors: Du Yongjing , Zhang Ping , Zhong Xiang , Chen Shasha , Li Guisen , Wang Li , wang wei
Published: August 2019

Background . Renal involvement is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM). However, most studies have focused on renal failure in MM, and little information is available about the other renal manifestations in MM and their association with immunophenotypes and renal pathology. Methods . We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, laboratory and pathology data of 283 MM patients treated in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, West China, between January 1990 and May 2017. The patients were divided into a renal involvement group (n = 200) and a non-renal involvement group (n = 83). Results. In the renal involvement group, 90 (45.0%) patients were diagnosed with MM in the Nephrology department, and isolated proteinuria, renal failure and nephrotic syndrome were detected in 90(45.0%), 94 (47.0%) and 58 (29.0%) patients, respectively. 135 patients with renal involvement underwent immunofixation electrophoresis, and IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE, pure light chain and nonsecretory MM were detected in 52 (38.5%), 32 (23.7%), 1 (0.7%), 1 (0.7%), 45(33.3%) and 4 (3.0%) patients, respectively. 47 patients without renal involvement also underwent immunofixation electrophoresis, and IgG and IgA MM were found in 24 (51.0%) and 18 (38.3%) patients, respectively. Severe anemia and hypertension, hypercalcemia and pure light chain were more frequent in patients with renal involvement (P < 0.05).9 patients with renal involvement were performed renal biopsy, and cast nephropathy, renal amyloidosis were proved in 5 and 4 patients, respectively. Conclusions. Renal involvement was common at MM diagnosis and had diverse clinical manifestations. The most common clinical manifestations include renal failure, isolated albuminuria and nephrotic syndrome. Nephrologists should rule out MM in patients presenting with renal involvement.