bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Glacially Derived Runoff in the Muzati River Watershed Based on the PSO-LSTM Model
Authors: Yang Xiazi , Maihemuti Balati , Simayi Zibibula , Saydi Muattar , Na Lu
Published: June 2022

The simulation and prediction of glacially derived runoff are significant for water resource management and sustainable development in water-stressed arid regions. However, the application of a hydrological model in such regions is typically limited by the intricate runoff production mechanism, which is associated with snow and ice melting, and sparse monitoring data over glacierized headwaters. To address these limitations, this study develops a set of mathematical models with a certain physical significance and an efficient particle swarm optimization algorithm by applying long- and short-term memory networks on the glacierized Muzati River basin. First, the trends in the runoff, precipitation, and air temperature are analyzed from 1990 to 2015, and differences in their correlations in this period are exposed. Then, Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory (PSO-LSTM) and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) models are combined and applied to the precipitation and air temperature data to predict the glacially derived runoff. The prediction accuracy is validated by the observed runoff at the river outlet at the Pochengzi hydrological station. Finally, two other types of models, the RF (Random Forest) and LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) models, are constructed to verify the prediction results. The results indicate that the glacially derived runoff is strongly correlated with air temperature and precipitation. However, in the study region over the past 26 years, the air temperature was not obviously increasing, and the precipitation and glacially derived runoff were significantly decreasing. The test results show that the PSO-LSTM and BiLSTM runoff prediction models perform better than the RF and LSTM models in the glacierized Muzati River basin. In the validation period, among all models, the PSO-LSTM model has the smallest mean absolute error and root-mean-square error and the largest coefficient of determination of 6.082, 8.034, and 0.973, respectively. It is followed by the BiLSTM model having a mean absolute error, root-mean-square error, and coefficient of determination of 6.751, 9.083, and 0.972, respectively. These results imply that both the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the bi-directional structure can effectively enhance the prediction accuracy of the baseline LSTM model. The results presented in this study can provide a deeper understanding and a more appropriate method of predicting the glacially derived runoff in glacier-fed river basins.
Climate-Streamflow Relationship and Consequences of Its Instability in Large Rivers of Pakistan: An Elasticity Perspective
Authors: Khan Zahoor , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Khan Afed Ullah , Hussain Irshad , Khan Asif , Shah Liaqat Ali , Khan Jehanzeb , Badrashi Yasir Irfan , Kamiński Paweł , Dyczko Artur , Różkowski Kazimierz
Published: June 2022

Precipitation elasticity provides a basic estimate of the sensitivity of long-term streamflow to changes in long-term precipitation, and it is especially useful as the first assessment of climate change impact in land and water resource projects. This study estimated and compared the precipitation elasticity (εp) of streamflow in 86 catchments within Pakistan over 50 major rivers using three widely used analytical models: bivariate nonparametric (NP) estimator, multivariate NP analysis, and multivariate double logarithm (DL) model. All the three models gave similar values of elasticity in the range of 0.1–3.5 for over 70–75% of the catchments. This signifies that a 1% change in the annual mean precipitation compared to the long-term historic mean annual precipitation will amplify the streamflow by 0.1–3.5%. In addition, the results suggested that elasticity estimation of streamflow sensitivity using the multivariate DL model is more reliable and realistic. Precipitation elasticity of streamflow is observed high at altitudes ranging between 250 m and 1000 m while the longitudinal and latitudinal pattern of εp shows higher values in the range of 70–75 and 32–36 decimal degrees, respectively. The εp values were found to have a direct relationship with the mean annual precipitation and an inverse relationship with the catchment areas. Likewise, high εp values were noticed in areas where the mean annual temperature ranges between 15 and 24 °C.
Geochemical and Seasonal Characteristics of Dissolved Iron Isotopes in the Mun River, Northeast Thailand
Authors: Xiao Xuhuan , Han Guilin , Zeng Jie , Liu Man , Li Xiaoqiang
Published: June 2022

Dissolved iron (Fe) isotopes in river water have a pivotal role in understanding the Fe cycle in the surficial environment. A total of 13 samples of river water were collected from the Mun River to analyze the Fe isotopes and their controlling factors in river water, such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and different supply sources. The results showed that dissolved Fe (DFe) concentrations ranged from 21.49 μg/L to 232.34 μg/L in the dry season and ranged from 10.48 μg/L to 135.27 μg/L in the wet season, which might be ascribed to the dilution effect. The δ56Fe of the dry season (−0.34 to 0.57‰, with an average 0.09‰) was lower than that of the wet season (−0.15 to 0.48‰, with an average 0.14‰). Combined with the δ56Fe and DFe/DAl ratios, the end-members of DFe were identified, including rock weathering (high δ56Fe and low DFe/DAl ratio), anthropogenic inputs (high δ56Fe and high DFe/DAl ratio) and groundwater inputs (low δ56Fe and low DFe/DAl ratio). The relationship between δ56Fe and DOC concentrations suggested that the chelation of organic matter with heavy Fe isotopes was one of the important sources of heavy Fe isotopes in river water.
Site-Specific Evaluation of Canopy Resistance Models for Estimating Evapotranspiration over a Drip-Irrigated Potato Crop in Southern Chile under Water-Limited Conditions
Authors: López-Olivari Rafael , Fuentes Sigfredo , Poblete-Echeverría Carlos , Quintulen-Ancapi Valeria , Medina Leovijildo
Published: June 2022

The evapotranspiration (ET) process is an essential component in many agricultural water management systems, and its estimation is even more determinant when crops are grown under water-limited environments. The traditional canopy resistance (rc) approaches were evaluated to simulate potato evapotranspiration (ETcp) using the original Penman–Monteith equation under different irrigation levels. A field study was carried out on a drip-irrigated potato crop (var. Puyehue INIA) located in the Research Center Carillanca (INIA), La Araucanía Region, Chile (38°41′ S, 72°24′ W, 188 m above sea level) during the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons. The different irrigation levels were full irrigation (IL1), 75% of IL1 (IL2), and 60% of IL1 (IL3). The soil water content, morphological, physiological, meteorological, and micrometeorological variables were measured to calculate the different rc approaches and estimate ET for both growing evaluated seasons. The final values of estimated ETcp were compared to the soil water balance method (ETcpWB). The use of amphistomatous (LA) and hypostomatous (LH) rc approaches are the best alternative to estimate the ETcp on potato crops. The best estimation of ET was found for ETcpLA with an overestimation of 0.6% for IL1, 7.0% for IL2, and 13.0% for IL3, while for ETcpLH with underestimations of 12.0, 11.0 and 31.0% for IL1, IL2, and IL3, respectively. The lowest average values of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and index of agreement (d) were observed for ETcpLA in both IL1 and IL2 conditions, with values of 4.4 and 3.2 mm, 3.2 and 2.5 mm, and 0.82 and 0.87, respectively. More investigation is necessary on the plasticity of the morphological features of potato leaves and canopy geometry, as the stomatal water vapor flowing on the canopy surface could be affected, which is a key factor in the canopy resistance model for accurate ET estimation under soil-water-limited conditions.
Seasonal variation in the nutrient composition of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from farms in Boka Kotorska Bay, Southern Adriatic Sea
Authors: GRKOVİC Nevena , ZUBER BOGDANOVİC Ivana , DJURİC Spomenka , KARABASİL Nedjeljko , SUVAJDZİC Branko , COBANOVİC Nikola , DJORDJEVİC Vesna , VASİLEV Dragan , DİMİTRİJEVİC Mirjana
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigated the seasonal variation in the nutrient composition of Mytilus galloprovincialis, cultivated in Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro, during all seasons in one year. Biometric parameters, meat yield, condition index, proximate composition, minerals, and the lipid and fatty acid compositions of mussels were analyzed. The most significant factors determining these parameters were temperature, food amount and gametogenesis The biometric parameters showed no significant differences during the sampling period. In the spring, meat yields and mussel condition index increased at substantial levels. Low values od meat yield and condition index during cold months have resulted from food shortage and reproductive cycle, when mussels use carbohydrates and protein reserves. The highest amount of protein was detected in mussels harvested in August (10.76%), while the highest amount of lipids was recorded in the winter months (2.11%). Docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid were the most abundant PUFA. The concentration of metals found in mussels from the study area is within the range of mean values reported in the literature. Our results indicate that the best period for mussels harvesting was during the spring and summer (April and August), opposite the winter months when the mussels were not favorable for harvesting.
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI MOBILE DALAM PENCATATAN PRESENSI PEGAWAI SAAT BEKERJA DARI KANTOR DI MASA NEW NORMAL PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hardyanto Chrismikha
Published: June 2022

Presensi adalah kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh seorang pegawai untuk membuktikan bahwa dirinya telah hadir atau tidak didalam suatu organisasi atau perusahaan. Saat ini sudah banyak perusahaan yang menggunakan sistem presensi dengan metode sidik jari untuk mencatat kehadiran pegawai-nya. Namun muncul masalah, dimana kondisi di indonesia sedang berada di masa new normal dari pandemi CoVid-19 yang menghimbau untuk menghindari penggunaan fasilitas umum untuk mengurangi resiko terjadinya penularan virus. Untuk itu diperlukan media alternatif yang dapat membantu perusahaan dalam mencatat kehadiran pegawai-nya yang bekerja dari kantor. Salah satu teknologi yang dapat digunakan adalah teknologi mobile. Dengan aplikasi berbasis mobile, pegawai dapat melakukan pencatatan absensi secara mandiri tampa harus menggunakan fasilitas absensi publik di kantor mereka. Namun dalam membangun aplikasi berbasis mobile, ada masalah yang muncul karena sering kali seorang pegawai melakukan kecurangan dalam melakukan presensi. Untuk itu , maka pada penelitian ini dibuatlah sebuah aplikasi presensi mobile yang dapat mengetahui posisi pegawai ketika akan absen dan juga memastikan bahwa memang benar pegawai yang absen adalah orang yang sama dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Google map API, Geofencing dan sensor sidik jari pada perangkat smartphone. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa aplikasi presensi yang dibangun dapat menyelesaikan masalah peneltian
PENERAPAN METODE SMART PADA PEMILIHAN GIZI BALITA TERHADAP COVID-19 DI POSYANDU DESA RAMBUNG SIALANG
Authors: Simargolang Muhammad Yasin , Irawan Muhammad Dedi , Koto Muhammad Hendrik , Wardani Anggika
Published: June 2022

Di masa pandemic balita menjadi salah satu kelompok yang rentan terjangkit virus covid-19. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita menjadi perhatian khusus dengan memperhatikan asupan gizi yang dikonsumsi balita. Posyandu desa Rambung Sialang dengan jumlah balita yang cukup banyak menjadi tugas para tenaga Kesehatan dan kader untuk mengetahui asupan gizi yang tepat pada balita di tengah pandemi. Dengan sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) maka rekomendasi asupan gizi balita dapat dilakukan. Memanfaatkan metode Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) yang fleksibel dan sederhana agar dapat merespon kebutuhan pembuat keputusan dan respon Analisa yang cepat maka dapat diperoleh asupan gizi yang dibutuhkan balita. Dengan Kriteria dan bobot yang digunakan yaitu C1 = Menjaga Daya Tahan Tubuh (30%), C2 = Meningkatkan Imun (25%), C3 = Meningkatkan Mendukung Sistem Kekebalan Tubuh (10%). Lalu alternatif yang digunakan meliputi sayur, buah, dan juga suplemen yang dapat dikonsumsi balita. Dari 26 alternatif yang digunakan, maka hasil yang didapat adalah wortel dengan rangking tertinggi 0,61. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah keputusan dengan menggunakan metode. Penelitian ini menciptakan pilihan hasil dengan menggunakan metode SMART untuk mengetahui rekomendasi sumber asupan gizi balita pada masa pandemi yaitu wortel dengan hasil nilai 0,61.
Новые виды во флоре городских поселений залива Советская Гавань (Хабаровский край)
Authors:   Federal State-Funded Institution ", Shcheglova I. P. ,   Zapovednoye Priamurye",   , Komsomolsk-on-Amur
Published: June 2022

The authors present the data on eight new species of flora found in urban communities located on the shores of the Sovetskaya Gavan Bay in the Tatar Strait. These include both adventive species and aboriginal plants found beyond their known ranges. Among them, the Cotula coronopifolia L. species is noted for the first time for the flora of Khabarovsk Krai and the Madia glomerata Hook, for the flora of Russia.
The Influence of self Esteem, Career Identity, Grit on Nursing Students’ Subjective happiness
Authors:   Korean Society of Nursing Research, Kang Seol Ah , Nam Hye Ri
Published: June 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the self-esteem, career identify, grit and subjective happiness levels in nursing college students and to confirm the factors of affecting the subjective happiness. Methods : The data collection period in this study was conducted from September 26, 2021 to October 29. The nursing college students who agreed to participate in the study were handed out through URL. And 168 copies were finally analyzed. Data were analyzed through the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program using descriptive statistics, pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results : The variables of affecting the subjective happiness were checked the factors of self-esteem(β＝.51, p＜.001), career identity(β＝.15, p＝023), grit(β＝.23, p＜.001). The explanation power of these variables appeared to be 66.6%(F＝42.59, p＜.001). Conclusions: The elements of influencing the subjective happiness in nursing college students were verified self-esteem, career identity and grit. To increase subjective happiness in nursing college students, there is a need to develop a program that enhances self-esteem and career identity and strengthens grit capability.
A NOVEL HYDROGEL-BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELL SPHEROIDS FOR TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION
Authors:   Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA, Tatum Sara D. ,   Applied Science and Technology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA, Saudi Sheikh ,   Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA, Tettey Felix ,   Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA, Bhandari Ramji Kumar ,   Department of Biology, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA, Bhattarai Narayan ,   Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA,   Applied Science and Technology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
Published: June 2022

Respiratory diseases are the leading cause of death in the world according to reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO: third, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; fourth, lower respiratory infections; and sixth, trachea, bronchus and lung cancers[1]. These astounding statistics are attributed to certain risk factors that include but are not limited to air pollution and first to third-hand smoke. In addition, marijuana, the most commonly used illicit drug in the US, is becoming legal in certain states for recreational use. However, with the increase in use, the question of long-term respiratory health effects becomes crucial. In addition, evidence has emerged that US military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan may be at risk for developing respiratory symptoms and, in some cases, disabling chronic lung diseases including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and constrictive bronchiolitis. Because of this public health concern, there seems to have a necessity for effective respiratory toxicology in vitro models. While still valuable, two-dimensional (2D) methods are simplistic and overlook important biological parameters that influence cellular behavior. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the efficacy of bronchial epithelial cells (Beas-2B) in a novel alginate-based spheroid as a three-dimensional (3D) cytotoxicity testing model. Toxicants including gun range dust and Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 THC) were used to verify if this model can be used for cytotoxicity testing. Viability of encapsulated Beas-2B cells was analyzed following exposure to gun range dust extract and Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol THC. This study established that Beas-2B cells encapsulated in a novel alginate-chitin nanofiber hydrogel spheroid is an effective three-dimensional cytotoxicity testing model.
EFFECTS OF BREATHING EXERCISES ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN ASTHMA PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Dowell Shelly , Vining Isabella ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Berry Brandi ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Young Chandler ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Lauderdale Melanie ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Brown Michael
Published: June 2022

Background: Asthma is a respiratory condition that causes airways to narrow and swell and can result in increased mucus production. Symptoms can significantly impact quality of life, participation in daily activities, and performance at school or work. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of breathing exercises on the quality of life in patients with asthma. Methods: An article search was conducted using PubMed and Embase databases on October 30, 2020. Search terms related to patients with asthma, breathing exercises, and quality of life were used. The following filters were applied: English, publication within the last 10 years, clinical trials, and RCTs. All articles were screened for quality using the PEDro database. Results: Seven randomized control trials were included in this review. Six of the seven articles revealed statistically significant improvements in quality of life within the intervention groups and/or between intervention and control groups. Conclusion: The findings of this review support that breathing exercises could be added to the treatment of patients with asthma to positively impact their quality of life. Possible limitations of this review are the varying breathing techniques used in the intervention groups and varying measures of quality of life.
EFFECTS OF WEIGHT-BEARING ACTIVITIES ON BONE DENSITY IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Lin Shuying
Published: June 2022

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder. Individuals with DS often present with low bone density, which places them at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis and fracture as compared to the general population. Mechanical stress associated with weight-bearing activities (WBA) has been shown to improve bone mineralization in various population. However, the effects of WBA on bone density in children and young adults with DS have not been fully elucidated.Objective: The objective of this review was to investigate whether WBA improved bone mineral density (BMD) and/or bone mineral content (BMC) in children and young adults with DS. Methods: PubMed, Embase and Cinahl were searched through November 15, 2020 for all clinical trials that investigated the effectiveness of WBA in individuals with DS. The search strategy included a list of terms associated with the target population (children and young adults with DS), intervention (WBA), and outcome (BMD and/or BMC). Studies related to whole body vibration were excluded from this review. Risk of bias of the included studies was assessed with PEDro. Results: Four studies with PEDro score ranging from 4-5 were identified through electronic search and a stepwise selection procedure. A total number of 150 individuals with DS were included in this review. The interventional groups received a variety of WBA treatment for 4-12 months, while the control groups did not receive any intervention. Three studies demonstrated that WBA intervention led to a 4.0-14.6% of improvement in BMD and/or BMC at the lumbar spine and femur. The magnitude of improvement was greater than that of the control group (p<0.05). However, WBA intervention did not result in improvement in BMD or BMC as compared to the control group (p>0.05) in one study. Conclusion: Although WBA showed potential in improving bone density in young adults and children with DS, the results from the current systematic review are not conclusive due to inconsistent findings and low level of evidence.
PERFORMANCE OF TAI CHI EXERCISE IMPROVES THE RISK OF FALLS IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING A STROKE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Garnder Ariana , McEwen Jana ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Livingston Adam ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Adah Felix ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, Benghuzzi Hamed ,   Global Training Institute, Flowood, MS, USA, Huang Min ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Related Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
Published: June 2022

Background: People who have sustained a stroke commonly experience a decline in functional balance leading to an increased fall risk. Falls may lead to debilitating injuries, recurrent falls and a decline in functional independence. Balance impairment is one of the predominant risk factors for falls in stroke survivors. In recent research, Tai Chi has been used as a therapeutic intervention compared to conventional physical therapy methods. The purpose of this study was to summarize the current research investigating the use of Tai Chi as an intervention to improve balance and fall risk and its success in patients with a stroke. Methods: Electronic databases, PubMed and EMBASE, were searched in December of 2019 to identify studies of Tai Chi as a balance intervention for survivors of stroke. Experimental studies with ambulatory participants, diagnosed with a stroke, used Tai Chi as an intervention and utilized outcomes measures to assess balance level, number of falls or fall risk. The studies compared outcomes of patients who underwent a minimum of eight weeks of Tai Chi intervention to standard physical therapy methods. Study quality was assessed using the 10-point PEDro scale and 12-point Quality Assessment Tool for Pre-Post Studies with No Control Group. Results: Six studies were included in this review. All studies demonstrated that Tai Chi intervention was effective in improving balance when compared either to the patients’ previous ambulatory status (within group comparison) or to a group receiving standard physical therapy (between group comparison). Conclusion: Our data suggests that Tai Chi is an effective intervention for improving balance in patients who have survived a stroke. Clinically, the use of Tai Chi should be implemented in conjunction with conventional physical therapy when addressing balance deficits in patients who have survived a stroke.
Subgroups Inclusions in 3-Factors Direct Product
Authors: Amougou Mbarga Brice Réné
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to use a correspondent theorem to characterize containment of a degenerate $2$-factor injective subdirect products. Namely, let $\Omega,\Lambda$ be degenerate 2-factor injective subdirect products of $ M_{1}\times M_{2}\times M_{3}$, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for $\Omega\leq \Lambda.$ Based on a decomposition of the inclusion order on the subgroup lattice of a subdirect product as a relation product of three smaller partial orders, we induce a matrix product of three incidence matrices.
Depiction of the Structure of Chastity through Myth in Ethic Literature
Authors: B Ponni
Published: June 2022

From time to time some conceptualizations based on the collective unconscious of man have remained unchanged in the minds of human beings. Thus, the concept of chastity has been emphasized to the woman through mythology from the Sangam age to the present day. Accordingly, this study is based on the idea that the myths of Arundhati and Amirtham, which originated during the Sangam Maruviya period after the Sangam age, emphasize the chastity of a woman through the myths of Arundhati and Amirtham.
The Character of Socialization in the Tamil Fairy Tale
Authors: V Naresh
Published: June 2022

A community enacts a few social laws to defend itself and to keep their social structure intact. This law can be approved by all or by a majority of the members of that committee. This law, passed by elder people of the community, is intended to determine the status, occupation, and function of each individual in the community. Only those who accept and adhere to this law or culture can be members of that community group. When a person violates these, he becomes subject to social exclusion. New members of the group must adhere to this ideological framework and not take any action that could affect it. The process of transforming children who do not belong to any cultural identity into members of the community begins in the family. The family system does these socializing in a variety of ways. One of them is the socialization that takes place through word of mouth. The elders in the family teach the children social values through stories. This article is based on the fairy tales found in Volume 7 of the Nattupurak kataik kalanchiyam on how marriage, sexuality, and faith, as constructed by social groups in Tamil society, are found in Tamil fairy tales.
Ecological feminist perspective: Writing nature and internal expression in Allur Nanmullaiyar songs
Authors: P Balasubramanian
Published: June 2022

Nature is paramount in the history of mankind. Nature was close to human beings when they lived as an ethnic group in primitive society. Ethnic peoples lived in forests, mountains, land     s, seas and arid lands. Here, the mother is given priority. The mother had a unique identity in this community. Mother lived in harmony with nature. She traveled across the land. There were no restrictions on homosexuality or male sexuality. She chose to live with men who were physically and mentally strong. Her choice is uncontrollable. It is possible that her land brought her closer to natural life. She was permanently housed when her mother became pregnant and had to stay in one place. Adam wandered the fields for food and engaged in the business of collecting food. She was made homeless by the presence of the woman. Immersed with nature, she brought natural food to the farmer who was in need of food near her place of residence. The prosperity of the crop brought happiness to the wanderer for food. He gave up the wave and snatched the crop from the woman. Thus the woman was alienated from nature. This is where we approach a female creator. There is a need to explore the natural expressions in the songs of the 41 female creators who sang Sangam poems. The article explores the co-occurrence of nature and intimacy in the songs of Allur Nanmullaiyar in the study.
Ploughing Occupation and its Techniques in Sangam Literature
Authors: C Gobiya
Published: June 2022

Sangam literature is a repository of Tamil culture. Literature has divided the way of life of the people of the Sangam into two parts, love and heroism, and has led them to know the life and development of the people of that time with their social background. What helped man greatly to attain civilization in such a life were the various occupations in which he little by little learned. Among them, it must be said that the agricultural industry has greatly contributed to the development of civilization. The use of technology, such as researching the farming industry and technology in agriculture, as well as in the Sangam literature techniques include a variety of tasks such as plowing, irrigating, seeding, transplanting, cultivating, weeding, crop protection, fertilising, harvesting, crop rotation, transplanting, cropping, and many more are also explained.
Buddhist Ethics in Tamil Classical Epics
Authors: P Saravanan
Published: June 2022

The religious doctrine of the two epics is that the religions in the twin epics do not show any distinction. Doctrine is the code of ethics followed by all religions. The protocol is that when the script is great, it becomes a theory when it outlines the steps to follow. Thus, the doctrines of Buddhism in Manimekalai are present throughout the epic. In the Silapathikaram, the religion of Jainism can be seen in the manner in which it is presented with minor principles. Silappathikaram and Manimegalai which are found under the common name of Kapiyam in terms of structure, are to show the general characteristics of this concept. The look of the coffee is common to both. It can be seen that both religion and general doctrines have something in common. The subject of this article is to explore the method used by Buddhism to spread its religious doctrine, the narrative internal design of the dual epics. It has been established on the basis of evidence that the internal structure of the story mantra and the copy cell supports it.
Standar Pelayanan Publik Kecamatan Pasar Kemis Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Haryanto  , Alzaytun Nur Izzati
Published: June 2022

Mitra penelitian ini adalah pemerintahan kecamatan Pasar Kemis Kabupaten Tangerang dengan melakukan kegiatan PKM. Permasalahan Mitra adalah tentang pelayanan publik, seperti adanya pengaduan masyarakat tentang ketidakpastian jangka waktu pelayanan, pelayanan yang berlarut-larut, dan memakan waktu lama. Metode yang digunakan dalam PKM ini dikenal dengan PAR atau Participatory Action Research. Berdasarkan data yang ada, akan diadakan lokakarya untuk staf kecamatan dan perwakilan dari Delapan desa dan satu kelurahan. Hasil dari kegiatan workshop telah membantu memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan dalam penerapan standar pelayanan publik yang ada, dan peserta dapat mengembangkan standar pelayanan publik yang ada. Sebagai kelanjutan dari inisiatif PKM, peserta workshop akan ditugaskan untuk mengembangkan standar pelayanan publik berdasarkan ketentuan dan kaidah atau prinsip pelayanan publik, dan menerapkannya di berbagai zona kerja.
La enfermedad como heterotopía: un lugar de aceptación de la culpa y el fracaso en la novela "Sistema nervioso" (2018), de la escritora chilena Lina Meruane
Authors: Ramos Mireya
Published: June 2022

La novela Sistema nervioso (2018), de la escritora chilena Lina Meruane (1970) establece la presencia de la enfermedad como una manifestación heterotópica de la realidad, que conecta la vida presente y pasada de la protagonista; acaparando toda su atención respecto a las preocupaciones vitales que giran en torno a su trabajo como profesora y a la falta de tiempo requerido para terminar su tesis doctoral inconclusa. De tal forma que el sentimiento de culpa y de fracaso de Ella, la protagonista, va desencadenando una interesante reflexión sobre cómo los trastornos y enfermedades de uno u otro integrante del grupo familiar inciden de manera sistémica en sus devenires.Es así como los recuerdos de la infancia, de la vida familiar, su actual trabajo, la vida en pareja y sus proyecciones de futuro se perciben y se explican a través de ciertas enfermedades como el cáncer, los tumores, las fracturas o las úlceras, que también son parte del álbum de fotos familiar que cada cierto tiempo se hojea, como lo hace la protagonista, para recordar y constatar cuán similares pueden ser entre sí, no solo por rasgos físicos o por los lazos afectivos adoptados, sino también por enfermedades que se transmiten por herencia o se adquieren por costumbre.
Fish welfare in Ukraine
Authors: Matvienko Natalia , Nedosekov Vitalii , Koziy Mykhailo , Kravchenko Alla
Published: June 2022

Fish welfare is a very important aquaculture criterion that is affected by various factors. In Ukraine, fish welfare is unregulated, except for certain aspects of fish keeping, fishing rules and sanitation requirements. In general, legislation is too general and concise. Therefore, we carried out a study on several critical aspects of fish welfare in Ukraine: 1) fish farming management, 2) environmental factors and parameters of the aquatic environment in fish farming, 3) staff, 4) feeding, 5) fish behaviour and stocking density, 6) fish health, 7) impact of stressors on fish reproduction, and 8) antimicrobial resistance. The analysis shows problems in specialized fish farms, such as non-compliance with rearing technology, lack of quality feed and high feed cost. Analysis of the epizootic situation regarding fish diseases during the last 10 years shows that invasive and infectious diseases are recorded in almost all fishpond farms. Nosological profile pathogens were bacteria of genera Aeromonas (40%), Pseudomonas (28%), and Edwardsiella, Proteus, Yersinia, Flavobacterium, and Micrococcus (all five accounting for 32%). Analysis of the state of welfare indicates the need to develop an evaluation system of fish welfare and its implementation in Ukraine. We consider that it is necessary to develop an algorithm for implementing the best practices of fish welfare based on assessment and research, improvement of legal framework, and implementation of effective programmes for the control of aquatic animal welfare.
First successful nesting of the Little Egret Egretta garzetta in Ghardaïa (Algerian Sahara)
Authors: Chedad Abdelwahab , Bouzid Abdelhakim , Samraoui Boudjéma
Published: June 2022

We report on the first successful breeding of the Little Egret, Egretta garzetta, in the Sahara, Algeria. We conducted a study on the nesting of this species at Kef Doukhane, an artificial wetland in Northern Sahara that has become an increasingly important nesting site for waterbirds. The number of individuals was monitored between April and October 2021 and the greatest abundance with 470 individuals was recorded in October. However, during breeding, the colony decreased to about 50 birds that built seven nests. Egg-laying started at the beginning of July and at least 34 eggs were laid. Clutches varied between 5 and 6 eggs, and 28 nestlings fledged, yielding a breeding success of 82.4%.
La gamificación: una propuesta para la enseñanza de la escritura en estudiantes con diagnóstico de inclusión
Authors: Palacios Exquil , Moreno Marisela
Published: June 2022

Esta investigación implementó la gamificación como estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza de la escritura en estudiantes de grado quinto de la IE San Lorenzo del municipio de Suaza-Huila teniendo en cuenta alumnos con diagnóstico de inclusión, con el fin de generar un cambio en el proceso de enseñanza dentro del aula de clases propiciando de esta manera una educación inclusiva. La metodología desarrollada presenta un carácter cualitativo con modalidad de investigación acción participativa. El resultado de la propuesta es positivo, ya que, los docentes se apropiaron de las estrategias propuestas logrando implementar actividades lúdicas - didácticas para favorecer el aprendizaje significativo en niños y niñas con diagnóstico de inclusión.
Ojcostwo w wychowaniu
Authors: Marek Zbigniew
Published: June 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest wykazanie zasadności działań umożliwiających świadome przygotowanie do pełnienia roli ojca.

PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Dla jakich powodów warto zabiegać o przygotowanie przyszłych ojców do stojących przed nimi zadań. Do rozwiązania problemu zostanie wykorzystana literatura przedmiotu analizowana metodą analityczno-syntetyczną.

 PROCES WYWODU: Na podstawie ważniejszych aspektów duchowości omówiono zadania wynikające z bycia ojcem oraz kierunki podejmowanych inicjatyw wychowawczych.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Ojcostwo obejmuje zarówno sferę życia biologicznego, jak i duchowego (wewnętrznego). To zaś domaga się inicjatyw ułatwiających dziecku odkrycie, że jest kochane. Temu poczuciu sprzyja poszanowanie podmiotowości nie tylko ojca, ale też i dziecka. Chodzi o doświadczanie wolności, z której dziecko w pełni nie jest jeszcze w stanie korzystać. Ojciec świadomy tych ograniczeń dziecka towarzyszy mu w osiąganiu dojrzałości.

WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Przeprowadzony wywód zdaje się potwierdzać zasadność uświadamiania dorosłym potrzeby kształtowania osobowych relacji ojciec–dziecko.
Cierpienie duchowe dziecka w wyniku śmierci rodzica
Authors: Daszykowska-Tobiasz Jadwiga
Published: June 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem podjętych rozważań jest poznanie i zrozumienie cierpienia duchowego dziecka w wyniku śmierci rodzica.

PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: W kontekście określonego celu problem badawczy zawarto w pytaniu: Jaki jest obraz cierpienia duchowego dziecka w wyniku śmierci rodzica? Odpowiedzi na postawione pytanie badawcze poszukiwano w świetle zarysu teorii i wyników analizy narracji.

PROCES WYWODU: Problem cierpienia duchowego dziecka będącego następstwem śmierci rodzica nie jest w pełni poznany w pedagogice, stąd występuje potrzeba czynienia go przedmiotem badań. Narracja jest jedną z metod poznawania niepowtarzalnych biografii ludzkich. Dotarcie do nieuchwytnego empirycznie świata dziecięcej duchowości jest istotnym warunkiem jego wsparcia w sytuacji doświadczania bólu duchowego.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Dziecko cierpiące duchowo w wyniku śmierci rodzica odczuwa zwątpienie, pustkę i poczucie braku sensu, przy tym nie zawsze otrzymuje wystarczające wsparcie. Unika‑ nie przez dorosłych rozmów z dziećmi o umieraniu, śmierci, roli Boga, życiu wiecznym przyczynia się do potęgowania ich cierpienia. Wychowanie dzieci do śmierci daje im możliwość zrozumienia jej fenomenu, stanowi zaczyn duchowego rozwoju i przygotowania do życia.

WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Przeprowadzony wywód uzasadnia potrzebę przełamywania tabu śmierci w pedagogice, wdrożenia treści tanatologicznych i eschatologicznych do programów kształcenia na wszystkich poziomach edukacji, a także włączenia wychowania do śmierci w nurt wychowania ogólnego.
Model wielowymiarowej profilaktyki pozytywnej jako przykład narzędzia projektowania wsparcia rozwoju duchowości dzieci i młodzieży
Authors: Jarosz Katarzyna
Published: June 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie modelu wielowymiarowej profilaktyki pozytywnej jako przykładu wsparcia rozwoju duchowego dzieci i młodzieży.

 PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problem badawczy dotyczy odpowiedzi na pytanie: czy i w jaki sposób model wielowymiarowej profilaktyki pozytywnej może służyć wsparciu rozwoju duchowego dzieci i młodzieży oraz jakie praktyczne implikacje wynikają z założeń teoretyczno-empirycznych modelu. W artykule zastosowano metodę analityczno-syntetyczną literatury przedmiotu.

PROCES WYWODU: Na podstawie opracowań literatury przedmiotu dokonano analizy noetyczno -duchowego wymiaru egzystencji oraz ukazano jego znaczenie dla konstruowania skutecznej działalności profilaktycznej. Przedstawiono założenia teoretyczne oraz empiryczne modelu wielowymiarowej profilaktyki pozytywnej.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że model wielowymiarowej profilaktyki pozytywnej zakłada projektowanie działalności profilaktycznej, polegającej na wspieraniu rozwoju czynników chroniących, występujących we wszystkich wymiarach egzystencji. Koncentruje się przy tym na dotarciu do motywacji jej noetyczno-duchowego wymiaru, a mianowicie poczucia sensu życia i systemu wartości, co jest szczególnie istotne w przypadku dzieci i młodzieży z rodzin dysfunkcyjnych oraz patologicznych.

WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Model wielowymiarowej profilaktyki pozytywnej to całościowy konstrukt obejmujący założenia teoretyczne oraz empiryczne, na podstawie których możemy konstruować programy profilaktyczne wspierające rozwój duchowy dzieci i młodzieży. Desygnatem modelu w praktyce pedagogicznej jest program profilaktyczny „Wsparcie wielowymiarowego rozwoju młodzieży”, który jest gotowym i kompleksowym narzędziem do pracy z młodzieżą. Empiryczne założenia modelu umożliwiają konstruowanie programów profilaktycznych z zakresu profilaktyki uniwersalnej i selektywnej, których potencjalnymi odbiorcami mogą być uczniowie instytucji oświatowo-wychowawczych, wychowankowie placówek opiekuńczo-wychowawczych oraz podmiotów resocjalizacyjnych.
Orientacje życiowe twórczych i odtwórczych 13-16- latków
Authors: Meyer Alicja
Published: June 2022

Głównym celem monografii jest ukazanie orientacji życiowych twórczych i odtwórczych adolescentów, wpisując się jednocześnie w szeroki kontekst badań w zakresie koncepcji życiowych 13-16- latków. Podjęta problematyka jest bardzo istotna bowiem współczesne młode pokolenie, jest szczególnie narażone na fluktuacje w ponowoczesnej rzeczywistości.
A simple estimation of OLED light extraction enhancement due to refractive modulation lattice diffraction
Authors: Ishido Yoshinari
Published: June 2022

To estimate the light extraction enhancement of an organic light emitting diode due to a periodic refractive modulation lattice simulating a photonic or plasmonic lattice, a noniterative scheme was proposed based on the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin solution used to calculate the input/output efficiency of a refractive index grating coupler for optical circuits, treating the lattice as a two-dimensional Bravais lattice.
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS AND MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS OF THE FORMATION OF NUTRIENT STATUS OF SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL
Authors: L. V. Potapenko , N. I. Horbachenko
Published: June 2022

Objective. To study the influence of systematic introduction of mineral, traditional organomineral and alternative systems of fertilization and inoculation of seeds on the formation of the nutrient status of sod-podzolic soil. Methods. Field experiment, agrochemical, balance and settlement, statistical. Results. Based on the studies conducted in a long-term stationary experiment on sod-podzolic soil, a significant influence of the studied fertilization systems in combination with microbial preparations on the soil nutrient status was established. The highest levels of mineral compounds of nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium using crop rotation were observed upon long-term use of the organomineral fertilization system NPK + animal manure + + green manure. At the end of the crop rotation, the content of nitrogen mineral compounds increased by 23 %, phosphorus — by 8 % and potassium — by 34 % on the background without inoculation and by 34 %, 10 % and 34 %, respectively, on the background of inoculation compared to traditional fertilization system NPK + animal manure. Due to the use of microbial preparations under this fertilization system, the content of nitrogen in the arable layer of the soil increased by 7 %, mobile phosphorus — by 3 % and exchangeable potassium — by 6 % compared to their content at the beginning of crop rotation. It has been proved that the highest level of crop rotation productivity in terms of feed units was provided by the organomineral fertilization system green manure + animal manure + NPK, which exceeded crop rotation productivity in areas under the traditional fertilization system NPK + animal manure by 21 % on the background without inoculation and by 26 % on the background of inoculation. Due to the use of microbial preparations, there is an increase in crop rotation productivity by 10–13 %. Conclusion. The optimal nutrient status of sod-podzolic soil is formed using microbial preparations and an organomineral fertilization system based on organic fertilizers in the form of animal manure with an average crop rotation dose of 10 t/ha and legume green manure on the background of mineral fertilizers N60P50K60. This fertilization system provides recovery of soil fertility, high rates of economic and energy efficiency of growing crops and their productivity during crop rotation.
دور ميثاق سان سلفادور في وحدة دول أمريكا الوسطى 1951 وموقف الولايات المتحدة الامريكية منه
Authors: Assist. Prof. Dr. Khaled AbdNammal
Published: June 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى معرفة طبيعية ميثاق سان سلفادور في وحدة دول امريكا الوسطى وموقف الولايات المتحدة الامريكية منه ، فقد جرت عدة محاولات لإقامة وحدة  بين الجمهوريات الخمس في امريكا الوسطى ، ولاسيما بعد ان اصبحت مستقلة من الاستعمار الاسباني منذ عام 1821 ، فقد تعرضت الى احتلال ثان وهو المكسيكي وتخلصت منه عام 1822 ، فجاءت المحاولة الاولى لقيام الوحدة بين هذه الدول عام 1824 ، واستمرت مدة من الزمن نتيجة الوقوف بوجه الاخطار الخارجية ومن بعدها جاءت محاولات اخرى في عام 1838 ، وكل هذه المحاولات لم تدم طويلاً بسبب النزاعات القائمة بين الزعماء والتنافس على القيادة . واستمرت هذه المحاولات مرات عدة حتى عام 1907 عندما تم انشاء محكمة العدل في امريكا الوسطى لتنظر في المنازعات عندما تم تدخل الولايات المتحدة الامريكية والمكسيك ، وتم عقد مؤتمر واشنطن عام 1922 ومن خلاله حددت عدة معاهدات . على الرغم من هذه المحاولات لم يكتب لها النجاح حتى جاء عام 1951 عندما تم الاجتماع بين الدول الخمسة لأمريكا الوسطى فتم التوقيع على ميثاق سان سلفادور ، واصبح ساري المفعول في 14 كانون الاول 1951 ومن خلاله تم انشاء منظمة دول امريكا الوسطى ، وجاء هذا بدعم ومساعدة الولايات المتحدة الامريكية لكونها تحقق مصالحها الخاصة .