bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disability Entrepreneurs Responses to Public Communication During the Pandemic (Case Study about Disability Entrepreneur Strategy through Online Culinary Business during the Covid-19 Pandemic)
Authors: Prastowo Ari Agung , Hafiar Hanny , Setianti Yanti , sari Yustika
Published: April 2021

There was a government appeal that was communicated to the public during the co-19 pandemic. Including an appeal to business people to develop business strategies that are adaptive to conditions. There are people with disabilities who have culinary businesses which can maintain their business during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was expressed in a seminar which was held by the Community of Entrepreneurs with Disabilities Houses. In the seminar, Sri Arya Ramadani, a person with visual impairment disability and the owner of Ayam Geprek Petukangan business, shared her experiences and strategies for running a culinary business in the pandemic era. The challenge faced by entrepreneurs is the socioeconomic stability against competitors who have similar businesses with other entrepreneurs. However, a strong enthusiasm for learning, a strong mentality, not easy to despair and support from family and community make entrepreneurs able to compete with other similar businesses. Another challenge faced by disability entrepreneurs is the existence of the Covid-19 pandemic, entrepreneurs trying to adapt to crisis situations and developing an Efficiency, Creative and Healthy strategy. The strategy is supported by promotional tactics, including using social media in the form of Instagram, using professional photography services to get quality product photos, establishing relationships with consumers through the WhatsApp media platform, and also not easy to complain about social media. The digital marketing strategy is balanced with the alms strategy, which is believed to bring blessings on its business journey. Therefore, until now, entrepreneurs still survive and can meet their business needs.
An Application of Web-based E-Healthcare Management System Using ASP.Net
Authors: Thary Al-Ghrairi Assad H. , Mohammed Ali Abdulwahhab , Saeed Harith M.
Published: April 2021

In this article, a Website for medical healthcare system was designing and developing. It consists of two major sides: client- server side (front end side and back end side). The client-side is everything involved with what the user sees, it has been designed a web using HTML, CSS and JavaScript languages. The server-side is mainly how the site doing modifications and updates which indicates to the entire user can't see everything in the browser such as servers and databases. The web has been implemented and developed using ASP MVC5 and C# programming language. SQL Server languages used for the database part and it make simple ease of use for patients to their health registrations. Consequently, it has simple and straight accessibility through a group of physicians for patient records. The article interested with auspices to the patient appointments combination, billing, timetable, physical, date, and information of medication in single overall system. The results of website designed provide accessibility with easy manner of pertinent information to the management organizations for instance the Medicaid and Medicare. Furthermore, the website reduces the mistake in healthcare, and reduce the cost of delivery of healthcare. Consequently, the website prepared for utilize by nurses, physician, pharmacists and another healthcare professionals, and by patients and monitor patients using medical devices.
Understanding Consumer Product Sentiments through Supervised Models on Cloud: Pre and Post COVID
Authors: Gupta Abhishek , Dwivedi Dwijendra Nath , Shah Jigar , Saroj Ravi
Published: April 2021

While a lot of work is done on extracting sentiments and opinions in unstructured text, majority of it is focused on contextual sentiment mining and features that are more focused on sentiments. The team attempted to use contextual text analytics to identify product or service features that drives the sentiment of the user. This is done through application of cosine similarity and neural networks. Customers speak about product or service feature when it is important for the them. The second stage of the analysis is focused on supervised learning, that identifies key drivers of a product or service. It helps in deriving those elements which are subconsciously being evaluated by customers but not spoken. We also test the significant difference in views of people pre and post Covid in their reviews. We found that factors related to Covid have gone up by 30% but not statistically significant. Given the volume of data, the team has analyzed these on cloud to assess the cloud computing readiness for such analysis. Feedback around the post Covid topics helps us understand the issues that need to be addressed by restaurant industry.
Process of Requirement Gathering and Techniques for Web Application
Authors: Krishna V. Vamsi
Published: April 2021

Project administration is currently turning into an essential section of our code industries. To Scope with initiatives successfully could be a very huge deal. Within the software challenge administration method there are some phrases, the primary phase is demand gathering. To urge the right requirement and to require care of it is most important for the total venture successfully. The demand administration won’t make sure that the project or application meets the client's wish or expected result. Needs are outlined at some stage in the coming up with phase and so these wants are used for the duration of the project. There are some strategies for gathering requirements. In this paper, there'll be mentioned these strategies and the way to form the need gathering successfully.
Identification of Passenger Demand in Public Transport Using Machine Learning
Authors: Thiagarajan R. , Prakashkumar Dr.S.
Published: April 2021

An essential aspect of the transport system is public passenger transport and the Public Transport (PT) movement prediction is significant issues faced in the transport planning area because of its operational importance. In recent years, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have received a growing amount of interest. There are many advances and innovative applications that have been introduced for a safer, highly efficient, and even congenial environment from PT. A reliable and efficient system of traffic flow prediction is required for accomplishing these applications that build an event with the application of ITS implementations to resolve the potential road situation in advance. However, the PT network efficiency plays the main role for all urban authority areas in which the advancement of both communication and location devices are randomly increasing the data availability generated over the operational platform. In order to recognize trends useful for improving the Schedule Plan, adequate Machine Learning (ML) approaches need to be implemented. Therefore, this paper focused in heterogeneous data that affect the prediction value which is utilized for predicting the demand transport required in the particular route and arrival time of public transport using Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) with Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) algorithm to analyze the forecasting of the real-time passenger demand dynamically endorsed the growth of the dynamic bus management and scheduling. Moreover, the accuracy of proposed SARIMA Model is compared with traditional hybrid model such as Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) with ARIMA model for providing an efficient and robust prediction of PT based on passenger demand.
Bibliometric Analysis of Behavior-based Safety (BBS): Three Decades Publication Trends
Authors: Aziz Fadzli Shah Abd , Abdullah Khairul Hafezad , Samsudin Sharina
Published: April 2021

Behavior-based safety (BBS) has flourished worldwide, with previous researchers extensively verified and provided scientific evidence that BBS was effective for managing risks and preventing injuries. This study aims to examine the bibliometric analysis of BBS publication patterns, research growth, and related publication information. A total of 333 BBS publications from the Scopus database were analyzed from 1989 to 2020. Data were exported to Microsoft Excel, Publish or Perish (PoP), and VOSviewer. This study evaluated data on the global trend of publication, contributions of countries, the encouragement of sources, leading authors, leading institutions, reference analysis, and keywords related to BBS research. Based on bibliometric parameters, this study found inconsistent publication trends in the last three decades. The results showed that BBS publications mainly fixated on engineering and medicine. The influential publication countries were the United States, China, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Safety Science was the most potent and compelling source. Academicians and professional authors actively engaged in writing BBS articles over three decades. Authors’ keywords of “behavior-based safety”, “safety culture”, “accident prevention”, “safety”, and “organizational behavior management” has substantially impacted the online search for information. This research creates a new paradigm for comprehensive BBS study and intervention to improve future safety performance.
Factors Affecting Income Salt Farmers on the Island Madura
Authors: Sasongko Budi , Satrianto Alpon
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to analyze the effect of land use, education, experience, capital, technology, and training on income salt farmers in Madura Island. The study concluded that the land size, experience, capital, technology, and training a significant effect on earnings while education does not significantly influence revenue salt farmers on the island of Madura. The policy implication of this research is that the government and relevant parties can always work together to improve the quality of training and technology so that farmers' production and income can be improved.
Evaluating Financial Strengths of Selected PSU Steel Companies
Authors: Ranjithkumar Dr.S. , Mahesh Dr.R.
Published: April 2021

Recent economic changes facilitated the Steel sector to ignore the Reserve quotation for PSU to get a wave from mandatory. The six major role players in Indian steel sector equally qualified to world class iron makers out of 36 in the world. In 2018, steel utility was about to grow at the rate of 5.7% year-on-year 9.2% Metric Tons. Our country anticipated to beat Japan to predominant in iron production at the earliest. But, few iron PSUs in India still struggle to sustain with Industry growth. With this aim, the financial performances of seven selected PSU companies are predicted through Altman’s Z- score.
Study on Capital Structure: Evidence from Selected Pharmaceutical Companies in India
Authors: Kumar Dr.S. Ranjith
Published: April 2021

There is a significant relationship between efficient capital structure and growth of an organization. Capital structure what is the result of different components which included in forming capital of inorganization. Usually, organization mobilize the capital into shares and debentures. Combinations of these components are known as capital structure. But there should be an efficient policy in establishing Capitals of an organization. Otherwise which leads disturbance to cash flow and liquidity of an organization in the future and also it leads to bankruptcy. The Capital Structure of selected pharmaceutical companies are considered in this analysis, which supports to augment the efficiency of an organisation. The manufacturing industry is a significant contributor to GDP growth this industry is major contributor. The period of the study has been significant in the growth and performance of the manufacturing sector due to liberalisation and globalisation. To achieve the corporate objective of maximization of wealth of shareholders, every industry should maintain sufficient profit. The result of the study will definitely help companies, their policymakers, lending Institutions Government and Academies to evaluate the performance and growth of an organisation.
Exakte und genäherte Kurzschlussstromberechnung in Netzen mit Vollumrichteranlagen
Authors: Schäkel Nils , Hofmann Lutz
Published: April 2021

Für eine betriebspunktunabhängige Kurzschlussstromberechnung enthält das Verfahren mit der Ersatzspannungsquelle an der Kurzschlussstelle aus der DIN EN 60909-0 eine genäherte Einbindung von Erzeugungsanlagen mit Vollumrichter. Für die Untersuchung der getroffenen Näherungen wird die exakte Einbindung von Vollumrichteranlagen in das Überlagerungsverfahren vorgestellt. Exemplarische Berechnungen zeigen, dass die getroffenen Näherungen hinsichtlich der Stromänderungen der Vollumrichteranlagen im Kurzschlussfall zu einer Unterschreitung des minimalen Anfangs-Kurzschlusswechselstroms führen können.
Considering the geological significance in data preprocessing and improving the prediction accuracy of hot springs by deep learning
Authors: Sang Xuejia , Xue Linfu , Li Xiaoshun
Published: April 2021

The geothermal gradient in the eastern area of Liaoning Province is very low, but hot springs resources are variable. The reason is not clear till now but leads to the fact that a few strong influence factors can cause imbalances in the results of many prediction algorithms. It can be found as a black-box algorithm, deep learning will obtain a more unbalanced result with the fault influence factors. To tackle this issue, the role of preprocessing during the process of profound learning was enhanced and four comparative experiments were carried out. The results show that compared with the unprocessed experiment, the accuracy rate of the experiment with fully processed data increased by 11.9 p.p., and the area under the curve increased by 0.086 (0.796–0.882). This inspires us that even though the deep learning method can achieve high accuracy in the prediction of geological resources, we still need to pay attention to the analysis and pretreatment of data with expertise according to local conditions.
Small Sample Adjustment for Hypotheses Testing on Cointegrating Vectors
Authors: Canepa Alessandra
Published: April 2021

Johansen’s (2000. “A Bartlett Correction Factor for Tests of on the Cointegrating Relations.” Econometric Theory 16: 740–78) Bartlett correction factor for the LR test of linear restrictions on cointegrated vectors is derived under the i.i.d. Gaussian assumption for the innovation terms. However, the distribution of most data relating to financial variables is fat-tailed and often skewed; there is therefore a need to examine small sample inference procedures that require weaker assumptions for the innovation term. This paper suggests that using the non-parametric bootstrap to approximate a Bartlett-type correction provides a statistic that does not require specification of the innovation distribution and can be used by applied econometricians to perform a small sample inference procedure that is less computationally demanding than it’s analytical counterpart. The procedure involves calculating a number of bootstrap values of the LR test statistic and estimating the expected value of the test statistic by the average value of the bootstrapped LR statistic. Simulation results suggest that the inference procedure has good finite sample property and is less dependent on the parameter space of the data generating process.
Optimization of morpheme length: a cross-linguistic assessment of Zipf’s and Menzerath’s laws
Authors: Stave Matthew , Paschen Ludger , Pellegrino François , Seifart Frank
Published: April 2021

Zipf’s Law of Abbreviation and Menzerath’s Law both make predictions about the length of linguistic units, based on corpus frequency and the length of the carrier unit. Each contributes to the efficiency of languages: for Zipf, units are more likely to be reduced when they are highly predictable, due to their frequency; for Menzerath, units are more likely to be reduced when there are more sub-units to contribute to the structural information of the carrier unit. However, it remains unclear how the two laws work together in determining unit length at a given level of linguistic structure. We examine this question regarding the length of morphemes in spoken corpora of nine typologically diverse languages drawn from the DoReCo corpus, showing that Zipf’s Law is a stronger predictor, but that the two laws interact with one another. We also explore how this is affected by specific typological characteristics, such as morphological complexity.
Optimal potential functions for the interacting particle system method
Authors: Chraibi Hassane , Dutfoy Anne , Galtier Thomas , Garnier Josselin
Published: April 2021

The assessment of the probability of a rare event with a naive Monte Carlo method is computationally intensive, so faster estimation or variance reduction methods are needed. We focus on one of these methods which is the interacting particle system (IPS) method.
The method is not intrusive in the sense that the random Markov system under consideration is simulated with its original distribution, but
selection steps are introduced that favor trajectories (particles) with high potential values.
An unbiased estimator with reduced variance can then be proposed.
The method requires to specify a set of potential functions. The choice of these functions is crucial because it determines the magnitude of the variance reduction. So far, little information was available on how to choose the potential functions. This paper provides the expressions of the optimal potential functions minimizing the asymptotic variance of the estimator of the IPS method and it proposes recommendations for the practical design of the potential
functions.
COVID-19 cases with delayed absorption of lung lesion
Authors: Li BinBin , Hu WeiZhen , Bao ChunMiao
Published: April 2021

Objective

Over 90% of the COVID-19 patients with computed tomographic (CT) manifestations showed radiological improvement on dissipating stage. Cases with refractory pulmonary infiltration were discussed in this study.

Methods

During hospitalization, chest CT scan and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test were repeatedly performed. While drawing parallels to RT-PCR, the impact of delayed absorption of lung lesions on length of hospital stay (LOS) and medical expense was investigated. Features for delayed absorption of lung lesions were identified using cox proportional hazard regression model.

Results

Cases with delayed absorption of lung lesions had a prolonged LOS (18.00 ± 4.90 vs 9.25 ± 4.20, p < 0.01) and increased medical expense (9124.55 ± 2421.31 vs 4923.88 ± 2218.56, p < 0.01). Time interval from admission to a negative RT-PCR (ATN) was also prolonged (13.29 ± 4.72 vs 9.25 ± 4.20, p = 0.03). The cox proportional hazard regression model indicated that imported cases bore high risk of delayed absorption of lung lesions (hazard ratio = 2.54, 95% confidence interval 1.05, 6.11, p = 0.04). Sensitivity analysis revealed similar pattern (hazard ratio = 6.64, 95% confidence interval 1.62, 27.18, p = 0.01).

Conclusion

Imported cases of COVID-19 were more likely to have refractory pulmonary infiltration, which subsequently prolongs LOS and increases medical expense.
Social robot deception and the culture of trust
Authors: Sætra Henrik Skaug
Published: April 2021

Human beings are deeply social, and both evolutionary traits and cultural constructs encourage cooperation based on trust. Social robots interject themselves in human social settings, and they can be used for deceptive purposes. Robot deception is best understood by examining the effects of deception on the recipient of deceptive actions, and I argue that the long-term consequences of robot deception should receive more attention, as it has the potential to challenge human cultures of trust and degrade the foundations of human cooperation. In conclusion: regulation, ethical conduct by producers, and raised general awareness of the issues described in this article are all required to avoid the unfavourable consequences of a general degradation of trust.
The network of reflexive dative constructions in South Slavic
Authors: Mitkovska Liljana
Published: April 2021

This paper analyses a number of constructions with a reflexive marker on the verb and a dative argument, using the framework of Construction Grammar. In these constructions the predication is ascribed in various modes to the experiencer argument. We focus on these constructions in the South Slavic languages in which they have a wide distribution, Macedonian, Bulgarian and Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS). The following basic types are identified: Emotional processes and states, Accidental, Perception/Cognition and Stative Reflexive-Dative Construction (SRDC). The specific clusters of features in each one are due to the inheritance properties from a reflexive construction, indicating a valence reduction, in combination with the features of affectedness and lack of control, characteristic of a dative argument. This results in varied but multiply linked patterns that create a complex network of constructions. The study aims at defining the relations between these constructions and in particular at determining the place of SRDC in this network.
First Impressions of Faces of Refugees Are More Strongly Influenced by Target Cues and Perceiver Attitudes Than by Sheer Group Affiliation
Authors: Stecker Joscha , Bürkner Paul C. , Hellmann Jens H. , Nestler Steffen , Back Mitja D.
Published: April 2021

The importance of first impressions for various intrapersonal, social and societal outcomes is well established. First impressions towards refugees as individual members of one of the most heatedly discussed social groups in Western societies should play a key role in facilitating or impeding successful social integration. However, this issue is currently underexplored. To help understand first impressions towards refugee individuals, we conducted two studies, in which German perceivers (total N = 938) evaluated 60 (Study 1) or 48 (Study 2) male target photos of Western individuals (presented as Germans) and Middle Eastern individuals (presented as refugees). In Study 2, we included information about targets’ religious affiliations (Christian, Muslim) and religiousness (weakly religious, devout). Targets’ facial characteristics (physical attractiveness, smiling) were coded, and perceiver attitudes (right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, right-wing political ideology) were assessed. Results showed (a) no overall devaluation of refugees or Muslims, (b) strong effects of target attractiveness and smiling on evaluations across individuals of different group affiliations, (c) strong effects of perceiver attitudes towards refugees and Muslims, and (d) no interactive effects of perceiver attitudes and target cues on evaluations. It is important to note that these results should not be interpreted as any doubt about the profound experiences of discrimination and prejudices faced by minorities such as refugees. Instead, they underline the utility of an individual differences approach to better understand the circumstances under which devaluations of minoritized individuals suchs as refugees are amplified or reduced.
Lung Histopathology in Baclofen Intoxication
Authors: Romanova O. L. , Sundukov D. V. , Golubev M. A. , Blagonravov M. L. , Ershov A. V.
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study: to assess the lung histopathology in acute intoxication with baclofen alone and its combination with alcohol (in the same dose) 3 hours after the ingestion.

Materials and methods. The study was performed on 15 male Wistar rats weighing 290-350 g and aged 20 weeks. The animals were divided into 3 groups, 5 animals each: control group that included intact rats; Group 1 composed of rats received baclofen alone; Group 2 that included rats received a combination of baclofen and ethanol. Baclofen was administered orally at a dose of 85 mg/kg animal weight under anesthesia (chloralose), and 40% ethanol, 7 ml/kg animal weight, was orally administered along with baclofen at the same dose. Animals of all groups were sacrificed after 3 hours by overdosing anesthetic agent. Lung tissue samples were examined by light microscopy using a video system at x400 magnification. The following histological characteristics were evaluated: circulatory disorders (engorged capillaries and venules, hemorrhages in interalveolar septa and alveoli, sludge), atelectasis (including partial), emphysema, cellular response (increased WBCs in the interalveolar septal area), thickening of interalveolar septa due to edema, epithelial desquamation into bronchial lumen. The diameter of alveoli and thickness of interalveolar septa were measured.

Results. Three hours after the baclofen administration, circulatory disorders in the lungs (engorged venules and capillaries, hemorrhages in the interalveolar septa, sludge), emphysema, atelectasis (complete and partial) as well as cellular response (leucocyte infiltration of interalveolar septa) were detected. In the Group 2, baclofen resulted in circulatory disorders (engorged venules and capillaries, sludge), emphysema, atelectasis (complete and incomplete), cellular response (infiltration with leukocytes), as well as fluid in the lumen of bronchioles. In Group 1, the alveolar diameter was significantly larger than in the control group and Group 2, while the thickness of the interalveolar septa was lower. In group 2, alveolar diameter was significantly less than in group 1, but still greater than in the control group. The thickness of the interalveolar septa in group 2 was significantly greater than in the control group and group 1.

Conclusion. After administration of baclofen alone and in combination with ethanol, the following alterations were found in the lungs: circulation disorders (venular and capillary engorgement, sludge), increased vascular permeability because of developing hypoxia, leukocyte infiltration of interalveolar septa. The monitoring of morphological alterations may aid in evaluating the severity of pathological processes in intoxication with baclofen alone and in combination with ethanol and in determining the method of intoxication (baclofen alone or in combination with ethanol).
Mediastinal Emphysema as a Specific Complication of COVID-19 (Case Report)
Authors: Pavlikova E. P. , Agapov M. A. , Malakhov P. S. , Galliamov E. A. , Esakov Yu. S. , Markaryan D. R. , Kakotkin V. V. , Kubyshkin V. A.
Published: April 2021

During the care of patients with novel coronavirus infection at the Lomonosov MSU Medical Research and Education Center from April 21 to June 13, 2020, we observed cases of spontaneous mediastinal emphysema (spontaneous pneumomediastinum) as a manifestation or a probable complication of COVID-19.

The aim of the paper. To provide clinical case descriptions and approaches to the management of patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 associated pneumonia, as they are not addressed in the current clinical guidelines, and therefore are worthy of special attention.

Among 224 patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, five cases of pneumomediastinum without pneumothorax were identified. Of these, in two cases the pneumomediastinum developed during noninvasive lung ventilation (NLV) (one case) and invasive lung ventilation (one case). In three cases, spontaneous mediastinal emphysema was not associated with lung ventilation. By the time of publication, one case of pneumomediastinum was completed, and four patients remained hospitalized. All five patients were males aged from 52 to 84 years.

This paper presents in depth the description of two cases of mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in patients with COVID-19.
Study of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) as a biomarker in hypertensive retinopathy
Authors: Pavlovschi Ecaterina , Pantea Valeriana , Borovic Djina , Tagadiuc Olga
Published: April 2021

Background. Hypertension (HTN) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A prompt diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive retinopathy (HR), the leading complication of HTN is pivotal for a better visual outcome. Increased blood pressure on its own cannot fully clarify the development of retinal alterations, therefore an additional pathogenetic mechanism, such as oxidative stress, might be inquired.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in the level of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) in the serum and tears of HR patients in order to establish the predictive value of IMA for the HR progression.

Methods. Serum and tear samples for the measurement of IMA were collected from 90 patients detected primarily with HR, who were not taking any antihypertensive or other drug that could influence the results of the study, divided according to the Keith-Wagener classification into GI ‒ 36 patients with HR grade I, GII ‒ 35 with HR grade II and GIII ‒ 19 with HR grade III. Serum and tear IMA levels were assessed using the Co2+ binding method (Gudumac V. et al., 2009) and expressed as median and interquartile range. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney nonparametric tests were used to compare the groups and the Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated (SPSS 23.0), with p<0.05 being statistically significant.

Results. The groups showed a statistically significant difference in serum IMA (p=0.006), the values increasing in parallel with the progression of HR. The serum IMA level in GII increased compared to GI (+3%; 239.06 µM/L (IQR 75.58) vs 231.77 µM/L (IQR 104.09), p=1.00), as well as in GIII patients compared to GII (+17%; 277.67 µM/L (IQR 88.72) vs 239.06 µM/L (IQR 75.58), p=0.04). There were no differences in IMA content (p=0.160), between groups in the tears. No correlations were found between serum and tear IMA levels (p=0.134), but serum IMA showed a significant moderate strength, positive correlation with the degree of HR (r=0.307**, p=0.003).

Conclusion. A progressive enhancement in serum IMA level as HR advanced was identified. Thereby, the results suggest the potential relevance of serum IMA as a sensitive and early biomarker useful for grading and optimal treatment of the patients with HR.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE APPEAL IN ECONOMIC JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shcherbyna V.S. , Bodnar V.V. ,   Northern Economic Court of Appeal, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The issues of organizational changes that the courts of appellate instance have undergone, as well as the content of the norms of economic procedural legislation, which enshrine the features of appellate proceedings. The peculiarities of appellate proceedings as an independent stage of economic litigation are considered, which include the following: a) an appeal is filed against a decision of a court of first instance that has not entered into force; b) review of court decisions on appeal is carried out by the courts of appeal; c) the right to appeal has the participants, as well as persons who did not participate in the case, if the court has decided on their rights, interests and (or) responsibilities; d) the appeal is filed directly with the court of appeal; e) the subject of review of the case by the court of appellate instance is the verification of the legality and validity of the decision of the court of first instance; f) the limits of review of the case in the court of appeal, as a rule, are limited by the arguments and requirements of the appeal; g) in the court of appellate instance cases are reviewed according to the rules of consideration of cases in the order of simplified claim proceedings, taking into account the features provided by the Code. It is proposed in order to avoid (reduce) cases of unfounded filing of appeals to supplement Art. 254 Code of Economic Procedure of Ukraine norm on the grounds of appeal of court decisions such as defined in Part 2 of Art. 287 of the Code of Economic Procedure of Ukraine on the grounds of cassation appeal. It is noted that the current version of the Code of Economic Procedure of Ukraine does not contain rules that would determine what procedural actions and within what period the appellate court should take to recover the case from the court of first instance, and during what period the court of first instance should consider the case her appellate court. Arguments are made against the use by courts of the so-called "procedural analogy" in cases. Other proposals are being made to improve the current procedural legislation.
REVISION OF THE TERMS OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT AGREEMENT DUE TO A SIGNIFICANT CHANGE OF CIRCUMSTANCES: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECT
Authors:   Luhansk Branch of State Organization ", Zablodska I.V. ,   V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of NAS of Ukraine",   , Severodonetsk, Ukraine, Kozhevnikova V.O. ,   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine, Chernovska S.M. ,   Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The article analyses the grounds for revision of the terms of a contract in connection with a significant change of circumstances, as a way to protect civil rights and interests, the need for which may be associated with a certain extraordinary circumstance independent of the will, actions and desires of the parties. It is established that some of these unavoidable circumstances are extraordinary, and usually leads to the release of a participant in civil, commercial relations from non-property and property liability. It is proved that such unavoidable circumstances are able to appear in the contractual relationship as grounds for changing or terminating the obligation due to an objectively determined (permanent or temporary) impossibility of its fulfilment. It has been established that in the number of cases these factors, although in some cases significantly complicate, do not make it impossible for the participants to fulfil the obligation in general, and therefore have the most eventual nature for the interested party, creating only a subjective impossibility of fulfilment. The article defines the legislator’s guarantees for the protection of tender results, signs of materiality regarding the change of circumstances under the contract. It is argued that the concept of "significant change of circumstances" is an evaluative category, and the terms of the procurement contract may not change after its signing until the parties fulfil their obligations in full, except as provided by law. An example is considered — the Procurement Agreement concluded between the State Enterprise (Customer) and the private enterprise (Contractor), according to the terms of which the Contractor undertakes to perform in full the reconstruction of the filtration facility for draining oil products at the base fuel of lubricants warehouse materials at their own risk and with their own efforts and means, in accordance with the project documentation and deliver the work to the Customer within the period specified in the Agreement, and the Customer undertakes to accept and pay for quality work performed under the terms of this Agreement. This Agreement was amended in terms of changes in the composition of material and technical resources and the scope of work in connection with changes in technical (design) documentation and the use of better technology (equipment), based on documented objective circumstances that caused such changes, provided that such changes do not lead to an increase in the amount specified in the Procurement Agreement.
BANKRUPTCY OF INDIVIDUALS: PROBLEMS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Butyrska I.A.
Published: April 2021

One of the main novelties of the Code of Ukraine on Bankruptcy Procedures was the introduction in Ukraine of the institution of bankruptcy of individuals, which was a long-awaited event among scientists and practitioners. It has been more than a year since the introduction of the institution of bankruptcy of individuals in Ukraine, and in some Economic Courts there are not even 10 cases of insolvency of individuals. There are many reasons for this: the high cost of the procedure, the complexity of paperwork to open proceedings, as well as a number of problematic and conflicting issues that arise in practice relevant legislative provisions. The purpose of the article is to identify problematic aspects in the legal regulation of bankruptcy of individuals and the practice of applying the relevant provisions of the Code of Ukraine on Bankruptcy Procedures, as well as to develop proposals to improve legislation in this area. Given the relatively small number of lawsuits to restore the solvency of individuals in Economic Courts, today it is necessary to state the lack of a unified approach of national commercial courts to most of the problematic issues that arise during the consideration of this category of cases. It is emphasized that since the opening of insolvency proceedings, the debtor — an individual and his family members are under the close attention of the Economic Court and the arbitral trustee, who must examine in detail all the circumstances that caused the insolvency of an individual. Based on the analysis of case law, it is established that the practice of most Economic Courts, especially Appellate, shows the absence of a legal requirement to pay court fees by the debtor for filing an application to open insolvency proceedings, and the application of requirements to the application to open proceedings insolvency of an individual of the general requirements provided for in Art. 34 of the Code of Ukraine on Bankruptcy Procedures, is inappropriate in this part. Prohibition of the debtor’s departure abroad is a measure to ensure creditors’ claims, which should not be applied automatically in all cases, but only when it is proved that the debtor intentionally acted to prevent the procedures provided for him by the Code of Ukraine on Bankruptcy Procedures. As a result of the study, the author concludes that an individual entrepreneur has a number of unjustified preferences, compared to legal entities, to initiate bankruptcy proceedings, which is not fair in terms of equality of all entities and causes unequal position of creditors of legal entities and creditors of individuals — entrepreneurs.
Economics and politics of the great change: Mikhail Gorbachev versus Deng Xiaoping
Authors:   Research Center for Transformation, Integration and Globalization, Kozminski University, Warsaw, Kolodko Grzegorz W.
Published: April 2021

In the history of mankind, there has never been a case where, in a brief episode of the life of one generation, mutual economic relations have changed on such a large scale for so many people as they did in China and Russia in 1989-2020. Both countries are undergoing profound structural and institutional changes, but while the former recorded impressive results in terms of developing and catching up with advanced economies, the latter’s achievements have been very modest. While China has multiplied production to become a world economic power, Russia's economy has grown modestly and plays a minor role in the globalization process. In just a few years, the level of production and the standard of living of the Chinese population will first equalize and then exceed the level achieved by Russia. This happened due to many factors – from the traditional cultural heritage to geopolitical conditions, from the legacy from the previous state socialism to different natural resources bases – however, the nature and duration of the political leadership of Deng Xiaoping in China and Mikhail Gorbachev in Russia were of fundamental importance. Without taking into account the influence of the thoughts and actions of these two statesmen, it is impossible to understand the essence of tectonic changes that have occurred in the world economy recently. While Deng Xiaoping prioritized pro-growth-oriented economic reforms, while doing little in the realm of political liberalization, Mikhail Gorbachev attempted to combine political and economic liberalization, but failed to do so. The effects of decisions made several decades ago are still felt today. Evidently, Deng Xiaoping's approach proved to be more effective than Gorbachev's reforms. In the latter case, they took Russia and other post-Soviet republics in a completely different direction than that assumed by their architect.
Evolution of institutional forms of competitive relations: from the first to the fourth industrial revolution
Authors:   State Institution ", Lypov Volodymyr ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: April 2021

The active introduction of information and communication technologies has significantly accelerated the transformation of institutional forms, and methods and mechanisms of competition. Network structures of information platforms (IP) have replaced the value chains. In these conditions, the study of development patterns of the institutional principles of successful competition becomes especially relevant. The methodological basis of the study is based on the use of tools of dialectical, historical-genetic, structural, and complementary qualitative analysis. The evolution of key institutional forms of competition in the process of transition from the First to the Fourth Industrial Revolutions is studied. The peculiarities of the role and place of IP as a universal institution and business model that receives competitive advantages in the conditions of active dissemination of digital technologies are revealed. The structure, the main sections of classification and directions of IP activities are presented. The author reveals the connection of the mechanisms for ensuring the IP competitiveness with their complementarity to the conditions of digitalization. The complementary place in the environment of the competitive interaction of IP as a network institutional form of the epoch of informatization is substantiated. It displaces in competitive markets hierarchical structures that were complementary to the needs of the industrial economy era. It is shown that the introduction of IP as the leading institutional structure of the information economy causes radical changes in the directions, the mechanism of competition and the competition policy of the state.
Characterisation and identification of ectomycorrhizae formed by the species of Asproinocybe (Tricholomataceae) and Inocybe (Inocybaceae) with the roots of the tropical sal tree Shorea robusta (Dipterocarpaceae)
Authors:   Rajiv Gandhi Government Degree College, India, Kumar J. , Atri N.S. ,   Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, India
Published: April 2021

In the course of the present study, surveys on occurrence and distribution of ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi in tropical sal forests of foothills of the Himalayas, India, were undertaken. The species of two genera of agarics, namely Asproinocybe and Inocybe, were found organically associated with the roots of Shorea robusta (sal tree). However, prior to our study the genus Asproinocybe has not been reported from India. In this article, the morpho-anatomical details of mycorrhizal roots of Shorea robusta associated with Asproinocybe lactifera and Inocybe purpureoflavida are provided for the first time. The EcM colonized roots of the two species are distinguished by differences in the shape and colour of the roots, surface texture, size and shape of cystidia, type of mantle, as well as different chemical reactions. Asproinocybe lactifera EcM is mainly characterised by a monopodial pinnate mycorrhizal system with the dark brown to reddish brown and loose cottony surface, while in Inocybe purpureoflavida it is irregularly pinnate to coralloid, silvery grey to reddish brown, with densely woolly surface. The outer mantle layer is heterogeneous with obclavate to awl-shaped cystidia in Asproinocybe lactifera, whereas Inocybe purpureoflavida EcM have a plectenchymatous outer mantle with subcylindrical to obclavate metuloidal and non-metuloidal cystidia. The presence of lactifers in the mantle is a unique feature in Asproinocybe lactifera as compared to Inocybe purpureoflavida.
PEMBUKTIAN TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN BERAT DENGAN RENCANA SEBAGAI UNSUR KEALPAAN (Analisis Putusan Nomor: 372/Pid.B/2020/PN.Jkt.Utr.)
Authors: Susanto Wahyu Istiham
Published: April 2021

This study explains the problem of proof regarding the element of error in the form of deliberate action and Mens Rea inadvertently in the indictment, resulting in an inconsistency with the existing Actus Reus and causing the element of error in the form of deliberation to be turned into an element of negligence. This study aims to determine the cause of the non-fulfillment of Primair's indictment based on the elements of the defendant's guilt in the Decision Case Number: 372 / Pid.B / 2020 / PN.Jkt.Utr. In particular, this thesis explores the application of the doctrine of deliberate error in Decision Case Number: 372 / Pid.B / 2020 / PN.Jkt.Utr. Besides, this thesis also discusses the application of the elements of criminal proof of law.This research method uses a normative-doctrinal approach by finding the correct answer by proving the truth of the legal prescriptions written in the Criminal Code through a statute approach and a conceptual approach.The results showed that the primair indictment was not proven because there was a material failure in the legal element of proof that this occurred when the application of an accident in the form of deliberate action incompatible with the legal facts contained in the trial with the indictment and the formulation of errors used in the Decision Case Number: 372 / Pid. B / 2020 / PN.Jkt.Utr. and is seen as the basis for determining the "condemnation" of the accused for not wanting to do the act, while the mistake should be used as the basis for "condemnation" of the act.
Substantial improvement of protease production using statistical optimization and Downstream approach from the strain Bacillus toyonensis VKB5 sp., isolated from the host Actinidia delicosa
Authors: Kumar S , G Divya , Jain Anika
Published: April 2021

Endophytes are microbes that reside inside the plant without affecting the host. A highly active species of extracellular protease production is Bacillus species. This study aims at optimization and partial purification of fibrinolytic protease enzyme production from the isolate Bacillus toyonensis VKB5 sp. isolated from the fruit Actinidia delicosa. Optimization studies on medium components show that the enzyme production can be achieved in alkaline conditions with nutrient sources mannitol, yeast extract, ammonium chloride. The statistical optimization studies using Plackett-Burman and Response surface methodology determines that the interaction of yeast extract with the mannitol and ammonium chloride enhances the enzyme production. Studies on purification stages describe that the protease purified was 7.4 – fold purer that the crude and 68.9% enzyme was recovered comparing the crude. The molecular weight determined was found to be 21.9 kDa using SDS-PAGE. The purity of the protease was analyzed using HPLC. Further studies on the effect of temperature, pH, inhibitors, detergents and metal ions confirm that the enzyme purified can be alkaline serine protease that withstands thermal condition up to 60°C.