bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feeling your way as an occupational minority: The gendered sensilisation of women electronic music artists
Authors: Parsley Samantha
Published: June 2022

This article develops a nascent theory of ‘sensilisation’ – a process of learning to be skilled in experiencing and displaying sensory knowledge according to social convention. In particular, I present data from an autoethnography of learning to be a DJ and producer of electronic music (hereafter ‘electronic music artist’), and in-depth interviews with 36 women at various stages of their careers as electronic music artists to present a tentative, sensory-led hypothesis for the enduring male dominance of the electronic music industry. I offer direction on how a ‘sensilisation analysis’ might be carried out, and conclude by suggesting that the lessons learned from this ‘extreme’ case study might illuminate more everyday encounters with gender, the senses and management learning and in particular, the Othering of minority individuals in occupational contexts. In addition, the article stands as an empirical exploration of Ashcraft’s concept of ‘senses of self’ in the construction and operation of occupational identities, and in particular occupational segregation – her metaphor of the ‘glass slipper’.
An early assessment of COVID-19’s impact on tourism in U.S. counties
Authors: Han Luyi , Goetz Stephan J , Eades Daniel , Entsminger Jason , Arbogast Doug
Published: June 2022

We use county-level data to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the tourism and hospitality sector, which was by far the most impacted of all sectors, focusing on employment and wage changes. Results support our hypothesis that rural counties experienced fewer negative impacts or even benefited from the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of job growth . We present maps showing the pandemic’s effects on leisure and hospitality (L&H) employment across the nation, identifying the communities both hardest hit and least impacted. A linear regression model is developed to explore independent factors that influenced the pandemic’s local impact. Results are robust across different measures of the key variable (rurality), including rural-urban continuum codes, distance from metropolitan areas, and population density. We also consider the impacts of social capital, income, and local economic diversification, among other factors. Our results suggest that remote, less-populated counties were more likely to experience stable employment in the L&H sector relative to pre-pandemic levels, and in some cases even experienced employment growth.

JEL Classification: J2, J3, R1
The limited effects of visual and audio modalities on second language listening comprehension
Authors: Kamiya Nobuhiro
Published: June 2022

This study examined the effects of watching gestures and lip movement on second language (English) listening comprehension. The participants were 30 high and 22 low proficient learners of English. There were six listening tasks combining two variables: modality and difficulty. The modality consisted of three types of assessments: Body (the upper half of body was visible), Face (close up view), and Audio. The difficulty consisted of two levels: Easy and Hard. Learners watched Body, Face, or listened to Audio, and worked on six comprehension questions twice for each task. Moreover, the participants were asked about their modality of preference. The notable results were (1) the modality of listening had no influence on their listening performance, (2) for the high proficiency group, the score difference between the easy and the hard texts was larger at the second attempt than at the first attempt, (3) the participants generally preferred to watch the whole body, followed by watching the face, and then listening only, (4) the high proficiency group showed more variations of preference than the low proficiency group, and (5) the participants’ modality preference had no influence on their listening performance.
Applying cognitive linguistics to teaching Chinese classifiers: Evidence from teaching Chinese as a heritage language in Germany
Authors: Zhou Adler Yang
Published: June 2022

When teaching Mandarin Chinese classifiers, teachers usually ask students to memorize ‘classifier + noun’, phrases as collocations. Given that Mandarin Chinese has a vast and complicated system of classifiers, the rote memorization of ‘classifier + noun’ collocations is challenging and monotonous. Therefore, the present study aims to improve that pedagogical method by applying cognitive linguistics. Previous studies did not explicitly demonstrate the cognitive approach to teaching Chinese classifiers, resulting in difficulty in practice. Thus, this study presents a step-by-step introduction to teaching Chinese classifiers with cognitive linguistics. Afterwards, an experiment is presented with children learning Chinese as a heritage language in Germany in order to test the efficiency of the cognitive approach and the traditional method (rote memorization of ‘classifier + noun’, collocations). Results suggest that the cognitive approach facilitated the learning of Chinese classifiers to a great extent. However, due to some limitations of the experiment, the cognitive approach did not outperform the traditional method. Even so, the present study concludes that the cognitive approach is worthwhile and promising for future teaching activities for two reasons. On the one hand, the cognitive approach helped students and was not worse than the traditional approach in this study. On the other hand, previous studies indicate many potentials of the cognitive approach. Finally, several suggestions learned from the limitations of this study are provided for further research.
The relationships between EFL learners’ anxiety in oral presentations, self-perceived pronunciation, and speaking proficiency
Authors: Tsang Art
Published: June 2022

Learners’ anxiety has drawn widespread attention in the field of second language / foreign language (L2/FL) teaching and learning (e.g. classroom anxiety, communication (with foreigners) anxiety, and anxiety associated with the four macro-skills, namely listening, reading, speaking, and writing). However, this topic is under-explored in L2/FL public speaking (e.g. oral presentations in academic studies), in which anxiety is especially prominent. This study investigated the relationships between EFL (English as a foreign language) learners’ anxiety in public speaking, self-perceived pronunciation competence, and actual speaking proficiency. 176 tertiary-level EFL students in Hong Kong participated in this mixed-methods study using questionnaires and interviews. Overall, different aspects of self-perceived pronunciation were negatively correlated with anxiety to different extents. However, when analysed by proficiency levels, only voicing of consonants and overall pronunciation of consonants showed moderate negative correlations with anxiety for the high-proficiency and intermediate-proficiency groups respectively. In the interviews, the high-, intermediate-, and low-proficiency interviewees suggested nativelikeness, accuracy, and intelligibility respectively as their different pronunciation goals in EFL oral presentations.
Validity and reliability of the Danish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Authors: Ørskov Per T. , Norup Anne
Published: June 2022

Aim:

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a widely used measure of sleep quality. The validity and reliability of the Danish version of the instrument has not yet been established. The aim of this study is to establish the internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent validity of the Danish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in adolescents.

Methods:

Data were collected from 719 students from 17 different upper secondary schools. The sample consisted of 55% women, and the mean age of the sample was 17.87 (2.52) years. Data was collected on two occasions approximately 6 weeks apart using online surveys. Apart from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the students also completed the five-item World Health Organization Well-being Index and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. For internal consistency the Cronbach’s alpha was calculated, for test-retest reliability the interclass correlation coefficient was computed, and for validity the Pearson’s correlation was calculated.

Results:

The mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score among Danish adolescents was 5.86 (3.13). The internal consistency for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was satisfactory with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.72. Test-retest reliability was adequate with an interclass correlation coefficient of 0.68. Finally, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed large positive correlation with the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (0.55) and a large negative correlation with the five-item World Health Organization Well-being Index (–0.59).

Conclusions:

The Danish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed adequate reliability and validity among Danish adolescents.
Impacts of low atmospheric pressure on distribution of indoor hot air jet in plateau area
Authors: Hu Jiale , Wang Yingying , Wang Dengjia , Song Jie
Published: June 2022

The existing design parameters of hot-air heating for local buildings do not consider the distinctive low-pressure that can be experienced in the plateau regions, resulting in significant inefficiency. In this study, a numerical model based on the Reynolds time-averaged method coupled with the RNG k–ε turbulence model was established by considering the air thermal properties influenced by pressure. Four atmospheric conditions of 101.325 kPa, 84.547 kPa, 70.093 kPa and 57.708 kPa were selected to simulate the velocity and temperature fields of the horizontal and vertical hot-air jets. The influence of low pressure on the flow characteristics of hot-air jets was analyzed subsequently. The results suggest the jet flow patterns are essentially similar under various pressures. The horizontal hot-air jets bent upward more significantly and the diffusion range of the vertical jets was reduced under low pressure. The jet velocity decayed faster at low pressure, and the axial velocity of a vertical jet at 57.708 kPa was 0.26 m/s lower than that at 101.325 kPa. The temperature gradient of the room with a hot-air jet was increased with decreasing pressure, which was 5.0 K/m at 57.708 kPa. This study should be helpful to the detailed design and efficient operation of hot-air heating in buildings in the plateau regions.
Can the Subaltern(s) Speak? Amplifying the Voices of Global South Scholars in the Australasian Marketing Academy
Authors: Bádéjọ Folúkẹ́ Abigail , Appau Samuelson , Zainuddin Nadia , Kariippanon Kishan
Published: June 2022

In response to growing calls for racial diversity and inclusion in academia, this article offers a framework for decolonisation of the Australasian Marketing Academy. The purpose of our framework is to help shape the adoption of diversity and inclusion practices in a way that promotes knowledge democracy and amplification of underrepresented voices within the Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy. This article is thus both a reflective piece and a roadmap to guide the Academy’s journey to decolonisation and representation of its minority members. First, our article highlights experiences of marginalisation in the Australasian context, and the reported barriers to diversity and inclusion of minority voices. Next, we propose our framework which aims to collapse these barriers in favour of a more equitable, cultural, and intellectual convergence, wherein the invisibility of minority scholarship can become as visible and as legitimate as the majority.
An informed audience: The effects of constructive television news on emotions and knowledge
Authors: Swijtink Nadia , Prins Tineke , Hermans Liesbeth , Hietbrink Niek
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to gain more insight in the way people process information after watching constructive news. In this regard, an experiment ( N = 575, 18 – 90 years old) was conducted to investigate how constructive, compared to nonconstructive, news reporting affected information processing (i.e., factual and perceived knowledge) of television news, and whether emotions caused by the news mediated this relation. For this experiment the topics of two socially relevant issues were used; plastic waste in the ocean and the housing market. Results showed that constructive reporting elicited lower levels of negative emotions and higher levels of positive emotions compared to nonconstructive news. Moreover, we found that the mediation of emotions was largely dependent on the topic of the news. While more negative feelings led to more factual knowledge of the housing market topic, an increase of positive emotions led to higher perceived knowledge scores on both the housing market and plastic waste topic. These results stress the importance for both researchers and journalists to balance constructive news elements in news reporting in order to optimize information processing of the audience.
Pathogenesis of Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Moore D.A.J. , Cohen J.
Published: June 2022

Bacterial meningitis is the most common serious infection of the central nervous system (CNS) and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. An improved understanding of the pathogenesis of this condition might lead to advances in management and ultimately improve outcome in patients. This article aims to describe currently held concepts about the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis from nasopharyngeal acquisition, mucosal invasion and entry into the circulation through to the sequelae of subarachnoid space invasion and inflammation, alterations in cerebral blood flow, the blood-brain barrier and intracranial pressure. Finally, the implications of advances in the understanding of the disease process for adjunctive therapy are discussed.
Are There Benefits for Patients Attending ‘A Heart Failure Clinic'? A Five Year Review
Authors: Gates L.J. , MacLeod M.J. , Cruickshank M.A. , Webster J. , McLay J.S.
Published: June 2022

Objective

To determine the effects of attendance at a chronic ‘heart failure clinic', with emphasis on patient education on morbidity, hospitalisations and mortality associated with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Design

Retrospective case audit study.

Setting

University hospital with a primary catchment area of 500,000 inhabitants.

Patients

100 patients (aged 54–87 years, 59% male) with a confirmed diagnosis of left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Methods

Patients regularly reviewed at a ‘heart failure clinic’ where emphasis was placed on optimisation of drug therapy, patient education, self-management, and adherence to treatment regimes.

Results

The median age of the study population was 72 (50–87 years), 89% had a current NYHA status of III/IV. The average dose of frusemide was 111mg/day, with 74% of the study group receiving an ACE inhibitor and 15% an angiotensin II antagonist or vasodilator. Hospitalisation rate was 0.7±0.1 admissions per patient per year, the length of stay during admission was 11.8±2 days (females) and 10.5±2.2 days (males), and the average length of survival from first clinic attendance was 5.3±1.75 years for females and 2.97±0.5 years for males.

Conclusions

Attendance at a ‘heart failure clinic’ ensures optimisation of medication, reduction of patient admission rate and duration of hospitalisation.
The Medical Training Initiative of the RCPE: First class training opportunities for international trainee physicians
Authors: Oo MT , McGlynn S , Premdas N
Published: June 2022

The RCPE Medical Training Initiative is a postgraduate, clinical training opportunity for international trainee physicians. It offers higher specialty training opportunities for trainees from around the world, with a particular focus on supporting healthcare in developing countries. The professional ties between physicians practising in the UK and our international colleagues are strengthened through this initiative.
Clinical associations with carriage of pulmonary Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: Watson Lily , Priestley Lisa , Chapman Stephen J , Andersson Monique I , Jeffery Katie , Flight William G
Published: June 2022

Background:

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causes opportunistic respiratory infections and is associated with declining lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Risk factors for carrying S. maltophilia remain unclear.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study of patients yielding ⩾1 respiratory S. maltophilia isolate at the Oxford University Hospitals Trust between 2014 and 2019 and a cohort study of S. maltophilia carriage in CF patients attending annual review in 2018.

Results:

Seven hundred and forty isolates were identified from 238 patients (median 1.0 isolate/patient). Predisposing conditions included invasive ventilation (29.8%), CF (25.6%) and non-CF bronchiectasis (24.4%). The rates of Stenotrophomonas isolates and co-trimoxazole resistance were stable over time. About 10.8% of isolates were co-trimoxazole-resistant, with resistance more common in CF than in other diagnoses (29.5% vs 5.8%, p < 0.001). No clinical features were significantly associated with S. maltophilia carriage in the CF population.

Discussion:

We present new insight into the epidemiology of Stenotrophomonas colonisation/infection and identify increased co-trimoxazole resistance in CF isolates.
The use of tacrolimus in the management of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy-induced hepatitis
Authors: McIlwaine Stuart , Cullen Anna , Stratton Leanne , Oladipo Bode , Cash Johnny , Carser Judith , Braniff Conor
Published: June 2022

Immune-mediated hepatitis is recognised as a frequently occurring complication with the use of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy drugs. The mainstay of treatment involves the use of immunosuppressive agents, such as corticosteroids. Mycophenolate mofetil is added when steroid resistant. However, there are limited data to guide further management when the hepatitis remains refractory to these therapies. We present two patients who developed severe immunotherapy-induced hepatitis and required prolonged immunosuppressive therapy with three agents in combination before resolution was achieved. We demonstrate that the addition of tacrolimus can be successful when other drugs fail. We also illustrate how a subsequent wean off immunosuppression can be safely performed and highlight the use of concordant antimicrobial prophylaxis to mitigate against opportunistic infections.
Spinal cord compression secondary to extramedullary haematopoiesis in transformed polycythaemia rubra vera
Authors: Randhawa Manmeet S , Harrison Lianne , Walkden James , Watson Henry
Published: June 2022

Polycythaemia vera (PV) is a clonal proliferative disorder of the bone marrow characterised by autonomous haematopoiesis, which results in a panmyelosis in the peripheral blood. It is typically characterised by an acquired mutation in JAK-2 V617F. Progression to myelofibrosis (MF), characterised by worsening cytopenias and the development of constitutional symptoms, is seen in up to 10% of cases. Extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) in the spleen is a common finding in myelofibrotic transformation, but elsewhere in the body it is extremely unusual. We report the case of a 69-year-old male whose PV progressed to secondary MF and who presented with compression of the thoracic spinal cord directly as a result of EMH. Cytogenetic and molecular findings in the bone marrow were in keeping with evolving myeloid disease. He was managed by surgical laminectomy with an excellent outcome. Extramedullary haematopoiesis may be seen in both PV and on transformation to MF. This very rare complication should be borne in mind when managing patients with myeloproliferative disorders.
Bilateral medial medullary stroke: A rare stroke syndrome masquerading as myasthenia crisis in a young diabetic lady
Authors: Benjamin Ng Han Sim , Gin Teo Hock , Ling Elora Ong Yoke , Yung Kelly Wong Kee
Published: June 2022

Bilateral medial medullary stroke is a rare stroke syndrome. The clinical presentation of bilateral medial medullary stroke is heterogenous and often overlaps with other non-stroke neurology emergencies such as Guillain–Barrésyndrome, myasthenic crisis and acute vestibular syndrome, leading to misdiagnosis. We wish to present a case of a young lady with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who had presented with subacute neuromuscular weakness which was erroneously treated as myasthenic crisis. Her case was subsequently diagnosed as bilateral medial medullary stroke, following evolving clinical signs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a heart-shaped abnormality at the rostral medulla. This rare stroke syndrome represented a diagnostic challenge which necessitated a strong clinical suspicion and an urgent MRI scan of the brain for prompt diagnosis to enable appropriate treatment initiation.
Unusually high titres of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in monozygotic twins
Authors: Lomas Harriet , Rees India , Haboubi Nadim
Published: June 2022

Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-tTG) play a vital role in the screening process for coeliac disease (CD). Levels above 30 U/ml suggest a possible diagnosis of CD, prompting further investigation, usually by taking a duodenal biopsy. We report an unusual case of 39-year-old male twins, one presenting with iron deficiency anaemia and the other asymptomatic, with anti-tTG antibodies of >4,965.5 U/ml, an extraordinary level. A duodenal biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of CD and following the adoption of a gluten-free diet, anti-tTG levels were found to decrease back to normal levels. This case demonstrates how CD can cause significant biochemical and histological pathology, but present with mild or no symptoms.
Nodules, nodes and non-functioning macrophages: A risk with ibrutinib therapy
Authors: Melville Peter , Mohammed Farheena , RuiWen Kuo Chris , Bradley Jack , Preston Gavin , Dempsey Owen J
Published: June 2022

We describe the case of a 70-year-old never smoker with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, treated with single agent ibrutinib therapy. Chest imaging noted nodular change and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, which showed avid uptake on positron emission tomography and guided subsequent biopsies (bronchoscopy using endobronchial ultrasound, mediastinoscopy). Despite negative aspergillus blood immunology tests, he was found to have invasive aspergillosis, which is a known risk with ibrutinib therapy. He has since been successfully treated with antifungal therapy.
Grey matter heterotopia mimicking acute stroke
Authors: Yasir Rafiq Muhammad , Fasey Lydia , Abdullah Mohammad , Salam Abdul
Published: June 2022

Grey Matter Heterotopia is a rare clinical entity and its presentation can vary with age. While it usually presents with seizures or behavioural problems, it can seldom present as a stroke mimic. We aim to highlight this rare condition as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with stroke-like symptoms.
Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: A rare case of misdiagnosis and difficult intubation
Authors: Chaurasia Sheetal , Ray Shalina , Chowdhury Saurav , Balaji Blessy
Published: June 2022

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondro-plastica (TPO) is a rare disorder of yet unknown etiology. The common clinical features include cough with expectoration, breathing difficulty, hemoptysis, and recurrent airway infections, which can lead to a misdiagnosis as another chronic respiratory illness in a large number of cases due to the rare nature of TPO. Here we present a 25-year-old lady who was misdiagnosed as bronchial asthma for many years, and was found to have TPO after difficulty in intubation for administering general anesthesia prior to a surgical procedure.
The recognition of lung disease in coal workers: The role of Gough–Wentworth whole lung sections
Authors: Donaldson Ken , Wallace William A , MacNee William , Henry Christopher , Seaton Anthony
Published: June 2022

From the identification of a specific lung disease caused by coal dust exposure in miners in 1831 until the demonstration of the association of that exposure to risk of emphysema in 1984, there was continuous argument about the harmfulness of coal dust. Ill health in miners was attributed variously to tuberculosis, quartz exposure or cigarette smoking. An acceptance that coal dust was harmful only started with investigative radiology and pathology in the 1920s, and physiology in the 1950s. Most of the early investigations were in South Wales, the centre of the most important coal field in Great Britain. Among the investigators was Professor Jethro Gough who, with his technician James Wentworth, introduced a technique for making thick sections of whole, inflated lungs on paper backing. Here, we describe this method and its central role in understanding the relationships between coal dust exposure, pneumoconiosis, emphysema and lung dysfunction in miners.
Self-occluding Candy-Plug: Implantation Technique to Obtain False Lumen Thrombosis in Chronic Aortic Dissections
Authors: Bertoglio Luca , Bilman Victor , Rohlffs Fiona , Panuccio Giuseppe , Chiesa Roberto , Kölbel Tilo
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

To describe the implantation steps of the latest generation of candy-plug device (third CP generation [CP III]) and to illustrate its possible pitfalls by discussing a case in whom this device was employed to occlude the false lumen (FL) of a chronic type B aortic dissection.

Technique:

A 69 year-old male patient who underwent a frozen elephant trunk arch repair due to residual type A aortic dissection developed a FL aneurysmal degeneration limited to the descending thoracic aorta. Two thoracic stent-grafts were deployed into the true lumen up to the celiac trunk origin. Then, the FL was occluded with a self-occluding CP III device (Cook Medical, Bloomington, Indiana), placed at the same level as the distal thoracic stent-graft. The distal un-stented sleeve was pushed upward to allow immediate occlusion of its central lumen, avoiding interference with reno-visceral arteries arising from the FL. Both intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography and follow-up computed tomographic angiography scan demonstrated complete FL thrombosis.

Conclusion:

The introduction of CP III with its self-occluding mechanism helped to shorten and standardize the procedure. However, adjunctive steps may be needed to immediately obtain FL occlusion and avoid hampering the perfusion of vessels arising from the FL.
Antibiotic-loaded Bone Cement Combined with Vacuum-assisted Closure Facilitating Wound Healing in Wagner 3-4 Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Sun Yan-Wei , Li Liang , Zhang Zhi-Hua
Published: June 2022

This study explored the clinical effectiveness of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) combined with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) on the treatment of Wagner 3-4 diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). This is a retrospective study, including 32 patients with Wagner 3-4 DFUs who had undergone treatment between August 2019 and June 2021. Patient age, sex, Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), ankle brachial index (ABI), white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, comorbidities and wound closure methods were recorded. Patients were divided into the study group and control group according to the treatment modality. Patients in the study group received the combination treatment of ALBC and VAC, while patients in the control group received single VAC treatment. Clinical endpoints were assessed and compared between the two groups, including wound complete healing time and complications after operation. All patients were followed-up 6 months postoperation. Results showed that the mean healing time of the study group (44.20 ± 16.72 days) was shorter than that of the control group (64.00 ± 29.85 days) ( P < .05). The infection rate of the study group on the 10th day postoperation was lower than that of the control group (6.67%, 47.06%, P < .05). And there were no significant statistical differences between the two groups in terms of bleeding and necrosis complications postoperation ( P = .603, P = .603). Based on the findings, we conclude that the application of ALBC combined with VAC can facilitate wound healing in Wagner 3-4 DFUs patients. It can help to control wound infections and shorten wound healing time.
Rediscovered: The Shabti of Senseneb, a Museum Provenance Study
Authors: Richards Candace , Guerry Eve
Published: June 2022

In 2021 the Chau Chak Wing Museum, University of Sydney, received a new donation of an Egyptian shabti in a model coffin. It was given to the donor’s grandfather by the Sixth Earl of Carnarvon in gratitude for the safe return of artifacts accidentally left in an item of furniture sold through a London auction house in the mid-1920s. The shabti was originally discovered by the Earl’s father during his excavations of the Theban Valley, in the tomb of Tetiky, an important administrator of the early New Kingdom. This paper presents the curatorial investigation of the artifact’s provenance, contextualizes the artifact as part of an assemblage that is dispersed globally in museum collections, and determines how it came to be hidden in a cupboard. This paper hopes to serve as a case study in recontextualizing archaeological artifacts as part of dispersed assemblages in multiple collections through detailed interconnected provenance studies.
Avoiding online censorship through ‘fatty’ memes: How Chinese social media users talk about North Korea
Authors: Zhang Bingbing , Gearhart Sherice , Perlmutter David D
Published: June 2022

Memes are humorous images, often featuring captions with superimposed text, that are shared online. To avoid censorship, Chinese netizens strategically use memes to discuss political issues. This study content analyses memes that feature an image or likeness of North Korean leader Kim Jong-un posted by Chinese social media users on the Weibo platform. Results highlight how politically astute, tech-savvy publics can express political opinions and dissent in humorous ways, even in a high censorship online environment.
Teaching the whole child requires the whole teacher: Embedding socioemotional perceptions and dispositions into a culturally responsive teacher preparation program
Authors: Mchenry Nadine , Kelly Margo
Published: June 2022

This teacher education program aims to develop high quality teachers through development of empathy and culturally responsive pedagogy, impacting teachers’ dispositions toward students who are different from themselves. Participants included 17 undergraduate education students enrolled in a community engaged teacher education program. One-on-one interviews captured participants’ experiences and beliefs over time, related to teaching children in an urban setting. Qualitative themes emerged and shifted in frequency over the course of the semester. These included deficit perspective, knowledge of the “other,” dominant culture as a lens, best practices, asset perspective, and characteristics of high quality versus highly qualified. As teacher candidates experienced individual interactions with students, families, and community members, they developed empathy and shifted from a deficit perspective toward an asset perspective. Simultaneously, teacher candidates combined socioemotional skills with instructional best practices. Practical strategies are suggested to prepare teacher candidates to learn about themselves, their students, and to develop allies.
Variable Pricing in Restaurant Revenue Management: A Priority Mixed Bundle Strategy
Authors: Webb Timothy , Ma Jing , Cheng Andong
Published: June 2022

The restaurant industry has historically been limited in its ability to adopt traditional revenue management pricing practices (e.g., variable pricing across tables and times) because of three specific challenges: (a) inability to segment customers by willingness to pay prior to seating, (b) limited ability to price discriminate (i.e., prioritize limited seating for the highest paying customers), and (c) inability to communicate menu price variances in advance. This article reviews common restaurant pricing strategies and discusses how each strategy cannot sufficiently address these three challenges. This work proposes a new strategy, the Priority Mixed Bundle ( PMB) Strategy, which addresses all three of these challenges. The PMB states that customers can make reservations if they are willing to commit to dining from a prix-fixe menu while walk-ins can dine a la carte. The article argues for why PMB is theoretically viable and could be superior to existing menu pricing strategies. A field study shows that the PMB generates more revenue than a la carte strategies. Survey results suggest that customers perceive PMB as fair. Overall, this research advances theory in restaurant revenue management and proposes a pricing strategy for restaurants.
Pharmacokinetic Evidence of Steady and Sustained Drug Release from Long-Acting Implantable Corticosteroid Matrices for Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Ow Randall A. , Shotts Steven , Kakarlapudi Venkata , McIntyre John , Naclerio Robert M. , You Changcheng , Pappas Alexander , Brayton Lindsay , Kuang Yina , Shao James
Published: June 2022

Background

The efficacy of topical corticosteroids is limited in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) due to rapid clearance from the nasal cavity and insufficient drug delivery to inflamed sinonasal passages. LYR-210 is an implantable corticosteroid matrix designed to provide up to 24 weeks of treatment to patients with CRS by locally delivering mometasone furoate (MF) to the sinonasal mucosa. In a randomized, controlled, dose-ranging LANTERN study, LYR-210 (7500 µg) achieved clinically relevant improvement in CRS cardinal symptom composite scores, the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), ethmoid opacification, and the need for rescue treatment at 24 weeks.

Objective

As the plasma MF concentrations of LYR-210 (2500 µg) and LYR-210 (7500 µg) were evaluated at weeks 4, 12, and 24 in the LANTERN study (data on file at Lyra Therapeutics, Inc.), this study aims to characterize the pharmacokinetic profiles of both doses of LYR-210 at earlier timepoints post-placement in patients with CRS.

Methods

Twenty-four surgically naïve adult patients with CRS were enrolled in an open-label, multicenter study and underwent in-office bilateral administration of LYR-210 (2500 µg) ( n = 12 patients) or LYR-210 (7500 µg) ( n = 12 patients) into the middle meatus. Plasma MF concentrations were determined pre-placement and 1-h post-placement (day 1), and on days 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

Both LYR-210 doses were well-tolerated with no serious adverse events. Systemic MF levels were dose-dependent and lower than reported values of other respiratory MF products. Plasma MF concentrations showed steady drug release from LYR-210 (2500 µg) and LYR-210 (7500 µg) that persisted through day 56.

Conclusion

LYR-210 achieved dose-dependent, continuous local MF delivery at a steady rate with low systemic exposure for months.
Peripartum disease activity in moderately and severely disabled women with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ostrem Bridget LaMonica , Anderson Annika , Conway Sarah , Healy Brian C , Oh Jiwon , Jacobs Dina , Dobson Ruth , Graham Edith Larmon , Sadovnick A Dessa , Zimmerman Vanessa , Liu Yanqing , Bove Riley , Houtchens Maria
Published: June 2022

Background

The effects of pregnancy on multiple sclerosis (MS) inflammatory activity are not well described in women with moderate to severe disabilities.

Objective

To quantify the peripartum annualized relapse rate (ARR) in women with MS with an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≥ 3.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 85 pregnancies in 74 subjects with preconception EDSS ≥ 3. We quantified peripartum ARR and tested for risk factors predictive of peripartum relapses, postpartum brain magnetic resonance imaging activity (new T2 or gadolinium-enhancing lesions), and disability worsening.

Results

There were 74 live births, with a 56% operative delivery rate. In subjects with relapsing-remitting MS, ARR decreased to 0.11 during the third trimester of pregnancy compared to 0.59 in the year preconception and increased to 1.22 in the 3 months postpartum. Women with a higher preconception EDSS had higher odds of postpartum relapses and clinically significant worsening of disability as compared to subjects with a lower EDSS.

Conclusions

Moderately to severely disabled women with MS have a lower risk of relapse during pregnancy as compared to preconception, followed by a marked increase postpartum. Further studies are needed to identify ways to reduce peripartum inflammatory activity and disability progression in women with MS with moderate to severe disability.
Social class differentials in marital sex in China (2000–2015)
Authors: Zhang Yueyun , Wang Xin , Pan Suiming
Published: June 2022

This study examines whether and how social class matters for marital sex in China since the beginning of the 21st century. We utilize data from a national sexuality survey that has been administered at four time points: 2000, 2006, 2010, and 2015. We use a composite socioeconomic status score deriving from education, occupation, and income to distinguish between the lower class (the bottom 25%), the middle class (the middle 50%), and the upper class (the top 25%). Marital sex aspects include sexual frequency, orgasm frequency, engagement in the woman-on-top and rear-entrance coital positions, and experience with oral and anal sex. Regression results with year-fixed effects reveal significant class differentials in all aspects but anal sex. Whereas the reported sexual frequency is highest in the middle class, the engagement in various coital positions and oral sex is characterized by a positive class gradient. Temporally, we observe an upward trend in all aspects but orgasm frequency. Results from the class–year interaction effects further show that most class differentials have remained stable over the period 2000–2015. The temporal increase in sexual frequency, however, has been the greatest in the lower class but relatively negligible in the upper class.
Comparing Types of Yoga for Chronic Low Back and Neck Pain in Military Personnel: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Groessl Erik J , Casteel Danielle , McKinnon Symone , McCarthy Adhana , Schmalzl Laura , Chang Douglas G , Fowler Ian M , Park Crystal L
Published: June 2022

Background

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) and chronic neck pain (cNP) are highly prevalent conditions and common reasons for disability among military personnel. Yoga and other mind-body interventions have been shown to safely decrease pain and disability in persons with cLBP and/or cNP but have not been adequately studied in active duty military personnel. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering 2 types of yoga (hatha and restorative) to a sample of active-duty military personnel with cLBP/cNP.

Methods

Military personnel with cLBP and/or cNP (n = 49; 59% men) were randomized to either hatha or restorative yoga interventions. Interventions consisted of in-person yoga 1-2x weekly for 12 weeks. Feasibility and acceptability were measured by rates of recruitment, intervention attendance, attrition, adverse events, and satisfaction ratings. Health outcomes including pain and disability were measured at baseline, 12 weeks, and 6 months. Means and effect sizes are presented.

Results

Recruitment was completed ahead of projections. Over 90% of participants agreed or strongly agreed that they enjoyed participation, liked the instructor, and would like to continue yoga. Retention rates were 86% and 80% at 12 week and 6 month assessments, respectively. Intervention attendance was adequate but lower than expected. There were small to moderate reductions in back-pain related disability, pain severity and pain interference, and improvements in quality of life, grip strength, and balance. In general, effects were larger for those who attended at least 50% of intervention classes. Participants with cNP tended to have smaller outcome improvements, but conclusions remain tentative given small sample sizes.

Conclusions

Results demonstrate feasibility for conducting a randomized controlled comparative effectiveness trial of yoga for cLBP and cNP among active duty military personnel. Acceptability was also established. Ongoing work will enhance the intervention for cNP and establish feasibility at another military facility in preparation for a fully-powered comparative effectiveness trial. ClinicalTrials #NCT03504085; registered April 20, 2018.
Postoperative Prophylactic Antibiotic Use in Breast Reduction Mammoplasty: A Single Centre Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Doucet Véronique M. , Weirathmueller Jakob J. , McLeod Graham J. , Murray Kenneth A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Breast reduction mammoplasty (BRM) is a common procedure performed by plastic surgeons treating patients with hypermastia. It is customary to give preoperative prophylactic intravenous antibiotics for BRM, followed by several days of postoperative prophylactic oral antibiotics, despite the lack of evidence of their effectiveness in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs). The purpose of this study is to determine if the addition of prophylactic postoperative antibiotics is more effective in preventing SSIs in comparison to a single dose of preoperative prophylactic antibiotics in BRM. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 124 elective BRM cases by a single senior plastic surgeon was completed. Two study groups were formed based on the location of surgery and each group was assigned a different antibiotic regimen. The first antibiotic regimen consisted of a single preoperative intravenous dose of antibiotics (group 1), while the second regimen consisted of a preoperative intravenous dose followed by a 5-day course of oral antibiotics (group 2). Results: Overall SSI rate was 5.6%. Infection rate in group 1 was 8.1% in comparison to 3.2% for group 2 ( P value .44). Overall, the incidence of complications was 29.0%; 38.7% in group 1 and 19.4% in group 2 ( P value .03). Complications consisted of 35 cases of delayed wound healing, 7 SSIs and 2 hematomas requiring evacuation. Conclusion: Study results demonstrated that the use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics for BRM had no significant effect on the rate of SSIs.
The Uncertain Path Toward College: How Intersectionality Shaped the Experiences of Latinas Enrolled at a Hispanic-Serving Institution
Authors: López Ruth M. , Honey Maria L. , Rendon Stephanie , Pérez-Gill Stephanie
Published: June 2022

This is a longitudinal qualitative study of Latina college students who were members of a Latina mentoring program at a 4-year Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) in Texas, where they made up the largest student population since 2013. Guided by Chicana feminist epistemology and intersectionality, we discuss educational experiences students had during high school as they considered their college path, when enrolling in an HSI, and during college. We explore the following research question: How did intersectional experiences shape the educational trajectory of Latina undergraduates enrolled at an HSI? We identify how multiple forms of oppression and social identities shaped the high school experiences of Latinas and learned how they found belonging at an HSI by finding spaces and individuals who validated their intersectionality. Through this study, we demonstrate why Latina student intersectionality—not only while in college but prior to enrolling as well—is important for researchers and educational leaders to consider.
Variation in General Dentists’ Patterns of Sealant Use in Children with Elevated Caries Risk
Authors: McKernan S.C. , Momany E.T. , Sukalski J.M.C. , Jones M.P. , Damiano P.C. , Kuthy R.A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Strong evidence supports use of dental sealants to prevent tooth decay, and professional guidelines recommend use in children with elevated caries risk. However, not all children indicated for sealants receive this preventive intervention, even when they use routine dental care.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to explore the extent to which dentists’ use of sealants varied in pediatric patients with elevated caries risk.

Methods:

Claims and enrollment data from a private dental program were used to identify a cohort of 6- to 17-y-olds with elevated caries risk (N = 27,677) and general dentists (N = 818) who provided services to the children. Children were identified as having elevated caries risk based on history of restorative treatment over a 5-y period (2010–2014). The 2 outcomes of interest were whether a dentist provided any sealants to children with elevated risk and, if so, the extent to which these were used during a 2-y observation period (2013–2014). A 2-stage hurdle model was used for multivariable analysis to identify dentist characteristics associated with sealant use.

Results:

Over the observation period, 13.3% (n = 109) of dentists did not provide any sealants to their elevated risk patients from the study cohort. Logistic regression found that female dentists were significantly more likely to have used sealants (odds ratio = 2.27); dentist age and practice in an isolated small rural town were negatively associated with any sealant use. However, among dentists who did place sealants (n = 709), female dentists, older dentists, dentists in solo practice, and those working full-time were significantly more likely to provide sealants to a child. Overall, substantial variation in practitioners’ use of sealants was observed.

Conclusion:

This is the first study to explore provider-level variation in sealant use, representing a critical step in future efforts to increase routine use of sealants by dentists and eliminate oral health disparities.

Knowledge Transfer Statement:

Findings from this study can be used to design targeted policy and behavioral interventions to increase sealant use by general dentists. This study provides foundational evidence for future research that explores motivation and barriers to routine use of preventive dental interventions by clinicians.
Syncretism and Christian Tradition: Race and Revelation in the Study of Religious Mixture
Authors: Bevans Stephen
Published: June 2022

Syncretism is often regarded among theologians and missiologists as a negative process, even a betrayal of the gospel. In this book by Ross Kane of Virginia Theological Seminary, another view is offered, arguing that reasons for this negative view are often colored by colonialism and even racism, and they depend on too narrow a notion of revelation and Christian tradition. Every expression of Christianity—in the Bible, in the West, in the churches of the Majority World—is the result of religious mixture. Such expressions can enrich each other, and critique each other with surprising benefits for the entire church.
The Legacy of Ellen G. White in Africa
Authors: Masfa Gabriel
Published: June 2022

Although Ellen G. White, an influential American Seventh-day Adventist religious figure, never visited Africa in person, between 1887 and 1908 she wrote several letters to Adventist missionaries there and remained interested in the growth of Seventh-day Adventism among Africans until her death in July 1915. This article examines White’s contribution by analyzing correspondence between her and key Adventist missionaries in Africa. The establishment of Adventism in Africa coincided with the colonization of the region by Europeans and the suppression of blacks’ fundamental human rights. The sensitivity of this crucial historical moment no doubt prompted White’s engagement with the continent.