bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Child Abuse in Irish Catholic Settings: A Non‐Reductionist Account
Authors: Pilgrim David
Published: November 2012

The reputation of the Irish Catholic Church has been damaged, maybe irrevocably, by the extensive evidence of child abuse in its midst. This paper summarises the evidence for that crisis and goes on to offer a multi‐factorial and non‐reductionist account of the abuse in a wider context. By adopting a systemic approach, this account aims to discern those factors which are peculiar to the Irish case and those that have more general significance for child protection. The Irish case demonstrates a complex set of conditions of possibility for child abuse. Some of these were only relevant to Ireland and the Catholic Church but some were not. In particular, varieties of systemic isolation and the a priori social marginalisation of victims are important to consider as salient risk factors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Irish case demonstrates a complex set of conditions of possibility for child abuse

Key Practitioner Messages

Religious settings are sites of vulnerability for children.

The Catholic Church has been under particular scrutiny internationally about child abuse in its midst.

The Irish Church warrants additional scrutiny because of the enmeshment of State and Church.

However, child abuse can be found in other countries, in other denominations and in secular organisations.

These general and particular features are best understood using a systemic framework to avoid reductionist accounts of abuse.

‘Best understood using a systemic framework to avoid reductionist accounts of abuse’
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of C3 Alcohols on Au, Pt and Pt‐Modified Au Electrodes
Authors: Jin C. , Sun X. , Chen Z.
Published: November 2012

The reactivity of 1‐propanol, 1,3‐propanediol, 1,2‐propanediol and glycerol in electrocatalytic oxidation on Au, Pt and Pt‐modified Au electrodes in alkaline solution has been investigated. Pt‐modified Au electrodes have been prepared by depositing platinum on Au polycrystalline electrodes by the linear sweep voltammetric method. The oxidation of C3 alcohols on an individual electrode shows only a little difference in peak potential but a significant difference in peak current, and peak current is determined by the number and position of hydroxyl groups in the molecular chain. The oxidation of an individual C3 alcohol on Au and Pt electrodes shows the advantages of the Au electrode in peak current and of the Pt electrode in oxidation potential. Pt modification significantly improves the catalytic activity of Au electrodes. The catalytic activity shown by Pt‐modified Au electrodes reflects the advantages of both Pt and Au electrodes.
Stabilization of Carotenoids
Authors: Pertig D. , Schäfer C. , Ulrich J.
Published: November 2012

Stability of carotenoids is a key for successful product form development and of particular interest in synthesis and adjacent crystallization as well as in formulation processes. Ethyl acetate was used as model solvent to demonstrate decomposition of astaxanthin due to the presence of traces of acetic acid and oxygen. Based on solvent pretreatments, i.e., by means of oxygen stripping, the stability could be enhanced significantly. Additionally, the stability was improved with regard to the desired isomeric configuration. Deceleration of the carotenoid isomerization by potassium carbonate was demonstrated in dichloromethane. In the case of corn oil, the degradation was negligible under ambient conditions, while decomposition occurred at higher temperatures. Presence and quantity of peroxides proved to be indicators for oil quality and associated degradation kinetics.
From Graftable Biphotonic Chromophores to Water‐Soluble Organic Nanodots for Biophotonics: The Importance of Environmental Effects
Authors: Rouxel Cédric , Charlot Marina , Mongin Olivier , Krishna Tathavarathy Rama , Caminade Anne‐Marie , Majoral Jean‐Pierre , Blanchard‐Desce Mireille
Published: November 2012

The photophysical and two‐photon absorption (TPA) properties of biphotonic chromophores with one or two phenol pendant units were studied and compared with that of a model biphotonic quadrupolar chromophore. A water‐soluble dendritic structure was then synthesized by using the pendant moieties as starting points for the construction of dendritic branches. We show that the polarity of the environment significantly modulates both the fluorescence and the TPA responses of the different chromophoric derivatives. This extends to more subtle effects that involve phenol pendant moieties that were found to act as discrete solvating units and to modify both the photophysics and the TPA response of the chromophore. This demonstrates the high sensitivity of the TPA response of quadrupolar derivatives to minute alterations in the environment. Moreover, the dendritic branches were found to behave as a peculiar cybotactic environment that was able to tune the fluorescence and TPA response of the inner chromophore by creating a polar environment. This reveals a new direction for exploiting such effects by playing on the dendritic architecture (e.g., the nature and shape of the building blocks, the geometry and position of the chromophore) to modulate the TPA responses.
ChemInform Abstract: Bixbyite‐Type V2O3 — A Metastable Polymorph of Vanadium Sesquioxide.
Authors: Lerch M. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

A metastable polymorph of V2O3 is prepared by reaction of VF3 with a water‐saturated gaseous mixture of 10 vol% H2 in Ar at 873 K for 2.5 h.
ChemInform Abstract: NaSc3[HPO3]2 [HPO2(OH)]6: Synthesis, Cyrstal Structure and Thermal Decomposition.
Authors: Chen Shuang , Prots Yurii , Kniep Ruediger , Hoffmann Stefan
Published: November 2012

The title compound is synthesized by a phosphorus acid flux method starting with Sc2O3, Na2HPO3, H3PO3, and Na2B4O7 (autoclave, 180 °C, 6 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Growth and Characterization of Tetragonal Structure Modification of β‐Gd2Si2O7:Ce.
Authors: Baumer V. , Gerasymov I. , Sidletskiy O. , Voloshina O. , Neicheva S.
Published: November 2012

β‐Gd2Si2O7 doped with 5 at.% Ce is prepared by solid state reaction of a near‐peritectic mixture of Gd2O3, SiO2, and CeO2 (1700 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Two Highly Proton‐Conductive Molecular Hybrids Based on Ionized Water Clusters and Poly‐Keggin‐Anion Chains.
Authors: Wei Mei‐Lin , Zhuang Peng‐Fei , Miao Qiu‐Xiang , Wang Yan
Published: November 2012

As revealed by single crystal XRD the molecular hybrid complexes (IIIa, b) crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pnnm with Z = 2 and exhibit the same three‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded networks with large one‐dimensional channels filled with [PMo12O40]3‐ anions which are self‐assembled into poly‐Keggin‐anion chains.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Physical Properties of the New Chain Alkalioxocuprate K3Cu2O4.
Authors: Duris Katarina , Kremer Reinhard K. , Jansen Martin
Published: November 2012

Black needle shaped single crystals of the title compound are prepared by reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of KN3, KNO3, and CuO (closed steel container, controlled heating, 923 K, 50 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Atom Economy in the Metathesis Cross‐Coupling of Alkenes and Alkynes.
Authors: Clark Joseph R. , Diver Steven T.
Published: November 2012

The products are mostly formed with moderate (E)‐selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(II)‐Catalyzed Amidation of Aldehydes with Iminoiodinanes at Room Temperature and under Microwave‐Assisted Conditions
Authors: Ton Thi My Uyen , Tejo Ciputra , Tania Stefani , Chang Joyce Wei Wei , Chan Philip Wai Hong
Published: November 2012

as an efficient and straightforward access to a wide range of amides
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitutions with Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives as N‐Nucleophiles.
Authors: Gaertner Martin , Jaekel Mascha , Achatz Manuel , Sonnenschein Christoph , Tverskoy Olena , Helmchen Guenter
Published: November 2012

Different protocols are developed for the regio‐ and enantioselective allylic aminations of various hydroxamic acid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Efficient Synthesis of N‐Nitroethylenediamine Derivatives.
Authors: Kvapil Lubomir , Simacek Adam , Grepl Martin , Gucky Tomas , Pospisil Tomas , Hradil Pavel
Published: November 2012

1‐Nitroimidazolidin‐2‐one (I) undergoes ring‐opening with nucleophiles to yield products of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Allyl‐N‐sulfonyl Ynamides as Synthetic Precursors to Amidines and Vinylogous Amidines. An Unexpected N‐to‐C 1,3‐Sulfonyl Shift in Nitrile Synthesis.
Authors: DeKorver Kyle A. , Johnson Whitney L. , Zhang Yu , Hsung Richard P. , Dai Huifang , Deng Jun , Lohse Andrew G. , Zhang Yan‐Shi
Published: November 2012

The Pd‐catalyzed or thermally‐induced treatment of ynamides of type (I) with amines allows convenient access to amidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative, Photoactivated TiO2 Nanoparticles in the Catalytic Acetylation of Primary Alcohols.
Authors: Chen Chien‐Tien , Kao Jun‐Qi , Liu Cheng‐Yuan , Jiang Ling‐Yu
Published: November 2012

The size of the nanoparticles and their preactivation with H2O2 are crucial.
ChemInform Abstract: Abnormal Ito—Saegusa Oxidation of TIPS Enol Ether Assisted by a Hydroxy Group on a Side Chain.
Authors: Hiraoka Shiharu , Harada Shinji , Nishida Atsushi
Published: November 2012

Although Ito‐Saegusa oxidation gives defined α,β‐unsaturated ketones from silyl enol ether of ketones, controlled by the position of the sp2 carbon of the silyl enol ether, the formation of a regioisomeric product that is oxidized abnormally is observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploiting Guanidine as a Ligand in Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alkyne Cyclotrimerizations.
Authors: Eichman Chad C. , Bragdon Jason P. , Stambuli James P.
Published: November 2012

The regioselective process affords the unsymmetrically substituted benzenes predominantly.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Nitroaldol Reactions Catalyzed by Copper(II) Complexes Derived from Substituted 2‐(Pyridin‐2‐yl)imidazolidin‐4‐one Ligands.
Authors: Panov Illia , Drabina Pavel , Padelkova Zdenka , Stimunek Petr , Sedlak Milos
Published: November 2012

Some chiral pyridinylimidazolidinones of type (I) are prepared and tested.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Nipagin Esters Using Acidic Functional Ionic Liquids as Catalysts.
Authors: Wang Guohua , Li Lu , Xie Congxia , Yu Shitao , Liu Fusheng , Ye Xiaoling
Published: November 2012

Several Broensted acidic functional ionic liquids are synthesized and tested as dual solvent‐catalysts for the synthesis of nipagin esters (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Nitrene Insertion Reaction for Facile Construction of Amide Compounds.
Authors: Chen Guo‐Qiang , Xu Zhen‐Jiang , Liu Yungen , Zhou Cong‐Ying , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: November 2012

from aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes
ChemInform Abstract: General and Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Esterification of Alcohols.
Authors: Gowrisankar Saravanan , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias
Published: November 2012

Primary alcohols react with dioxygen as a benign oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Mannich Reactions Catalyzed by Cinchona Alkaloid Thiourea: Enantioselective One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel β‐Amino Ester Derivatives.
Authors: Bai Song , Liang Xueping , Song Baoan , Bhadury Pinaki S. , Hu Deyu , Yang Song
Published: November 2012

A variety of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes is applied and enantioselectivities up to 99% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cycloadditions of Benzoxazinones with Alkynes: Synthesis of Quinolines and Quinolones.
Authors: Maizuru Nobuyoshi , Inami Tasuku , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro
Published: November 2012

The reaction outcome is determined by the C‐2 substituent of the benzoxazinone.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of Alkyl 6‐Aminobenzimidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline‐5‐carboxylates.
Authors: Lu Juyou , Fu Hua
Published: November 2012

Treatment of benzimidazoles of type (I) with cyanoacetates allows a new and efficient access to title compounds like (III) which are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Chemical Properties, and Antimicrobial Activity of 2‐ and 2,3‐Substituted [(Tetrahydro‐2,4‐dioxopyrimidin‐1(2H)‐yl)phenoxy] naphthalene‐1,4‐diones.
Authors: Voskiene Ausra , Sapijanskaite Birute , Mickevicius Vytautas , Kantminiene Kristina , Stasevych Maryna , Komarovska‐Porokhnyavets Olena , Musyanovych Rostyslav , Novikov Volodymyr
Published: November 2012

Mono‐ and disubstituted title naphthalene‐1,4‐diones are synthesized and tested for their stability in alkaline and acidic media.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Approach for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Linear and Angular Fused Quinazolinones.
Authors: Maity Arindam , Mondal Shyamal , Paira Rupankar , Hazra Abhijit , Naskar Subhendu , Sahu Krishnendu B. , Saha Pritam , Banerjee Sukdeb , Mondal Nirup B.
Published: November 2012

A two‐step one‐pot protocol is developed for the synthesis of a series of title compounds including different benzofused analogues.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Utility of Bifunctional Thiophene Derivatives and Antimicrobial Evaluation of the Newly Synthesized Agents.
Authors: Abu‐Hashem Ameen A. , Abu‐Zied Khadiga M. , El‐Shehry Mohamed F.
Published: November 2012

Rapid and effective procedures for the synthesis of various thiophene and thienopyrimidine derivatives starting from 2‐aminothiophenecarboxylate (I) are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Synthesis of 4‐Substituted 2,3‐Benzoxazinones from C‐2 Arylated 1,3‐Indanediones.
Authors: Das Suven , Koley Pradyot , Pramanik Animesh
Published: November 2012

The title transformation constitutes an acid‐catalyzed rearrangement followed by condensation with hydroxylamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Et2MeN·HI‐Catalyzed Reaction of Arylboronic Acids with 2‐Acyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrans Leading to 2‐Aryltetrahydrocyclopenta[1,3,2]dioxaboroles.
Authors: Fukuyama Takahide , Okamura Takahiro , Ryu Ilhyong
Published: November 2012

The novel ring contraction involves ring‐opening to give intermediate 2‐hydroxy‐1,6‐diketones such as (IV) which can be isolated in the absence of boronic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Fumed Silica‐Supported Nitrogenous Platinum Complex as a Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Hydrosilylation of Olefins with Triethoxysilane.
Authors: Li Ji , Yang Chunhui , Zhang Lei , Ma Tianlong
Published: November 2012

A new catalyst is prepared from H2PtCl6 and fumed aminopropyl silica and successfully applied in the hydrosilylation of terminal olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Tabulvelutin A, the First 19‐Nor Limonoid with Unprecedented Ring System from Chukrasia tabularis var. velutina.
Authors: Yin Jun‐Lin , Di Ying‐Tong , Fang Xin , Liu En‐De , Liu Hai‐Yang , He Hong‐Ping , Li Shun‐Lin , Li Shi‐Fei , Hao Xiao‐Jiang
Published: November 2012

Title compound (I) together with a bio‐synthetically related limonoid tabulvelutin B (II) show no significant insecticidal activity against Flutella xylostella and Heliothis virescens.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Efficient Synthetic Method for 3‐Iodothyronamine Involving Sonication and Its Potent Hypothermic Efficacy.
Authors: Kim Joong‐Gon , Song Young‐Kyu , Jo Ye‐Hyun , Yu Mi‐Ran , Ju Hyunwoo , Choi Inho , Chung Chan‐Moon
Published: November 2012

The introduced synthesis has the advantages of reduced synthetic steps and significantly enhanced overall yield compared to the conventional method.
ChemInform Abstract: Spiroketals (Update 2010)
Authors: Anderson E. A. , Gockel B.
Published: November 2012

Review: 147 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Translating Nature′s Library. The Bryostatins and Function‐Oriented Synthesis
Authors: Wender Paul A. , Loy Brian A. , Schrier Adam J.
Published: November 2012

Review: 156 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Perhaloalkylation of Metal Enolates — Unconventional and Versatile
Authors: Amatov Tynchtyk , Jahn Ulrich
Published: November 2012

Review: [14 refs.]
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in Coupling of Two Heteroarenes
Authors: Zhao Dongbing , You Jingsong , Hu Changwei
Published: November 2012

Review: 205 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Relaxin Peptide Family — Structure, Function and Clinical Applications
Authors: Chan Linda Jiaying , Hossain Mohammed Akhter , Samuel Chrishan S. , Separovic Frances , Wade John D.
Published: November 2012

Review: 89 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 5 Biologically Active, Naturally Occurring Medium, and Large Ring Lactones
Authors: Marco J. Alberto , Carda Miguel
Published: November 2012

Review: 129 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Electron‐Reservior Complexes to Dendritic Molecular Nanobatteries
Authors: Astruc Didier
Published: November 2012

Review: 134 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biosynthesis via Carbocations: Theoretical Studies on Terpene Formation
Authors: Tantillo Dean J.
Published: November 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hypersensitive Response to Over‐Reactive Cysteines
Authors: Hoogendoorn Sascha , Willems Lianne , Florea Bogdan , Overkleeft Herman
Published: November 2012

Review: 10 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of NMR Methods to the Study of the Interaction of Natural Products with Biomolecular Receptors
Authors: Calle Luis P. , Canada F. Javier , Jimenez‐Barbero Jesus
Published: November 2012

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Superconductivity of SmFeAsO Co‐Doped by Scandium and Fluorine to Increase Chemical Inner Pressure.
Authors: Chen Haijie , Zheng Ming , Fang Aihua , Yang Jianhua , Huang Fuqiang , Xie Xiaoming , Jiang Mianheng
Published: November 2012

The compounds Sm1‐x/3Scx/3FeAsO1‐xFx (x = 0.09—0.27) are synthesized by mechanical alloying of SmAs, Fe2As, FeO, SmOF, and Sc2O3 followed by sintering at 1223 K for 2 h.
ChemInform Abstract: High Magnetic Ordering Temperature in the Perovskites Sr4‐xLaxFe3ReO12 (x = 0.0, 1.0, 2.0).
Authors: Greenblatt M. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

The title compounds are prepared by the citrate—nitrate method and characterized by powder XRD and neutron diffraction, TEM, SEM, XANES, Moessbauer spectroscopy, and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of the High‐Pressure Scheelite‐Type GdCrO4 Polymorph.
Authors: Dos santos‐Garcia A. J. , Climent‐Pascual E. , Gallardo‐Amores J. M. , Rabie M. G. , Doi Y. , Romero de Paz J. , Beuneu B. , Saez‐Puche R.
Published: November 2012

The title compound is obtained from zircon‐type GdCrO4 (Pt crucible, 4 GPa, 803 K, 30 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Crown Ethers: Sulfate‐Based Preyssler Polyoxometalates.
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Ming , Yao Shuang , Li Yang‐Guang , Han Xin‐Bao , Su Zhong‐Min , Wang Zhi‐Shu , Wang En‐Bo
Published: November 2012

The new Preyssler polyoxoanion [S5W30O110]10‐ incorporates a position‐specific K+ or Na+ ion in its geometrical center.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure, Electrical Resistivity, and X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of BaAg2As2.
Authors: Stoyko Stanislav S. , Blanchard Peter E. R. , Mar Arthur
Published: November 2012

The title compound is synthesized by reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of the elements (alumina crucible, 850 °C for 2 d and 800 °C for 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 6‐(Tri‐ and 6‐(Difluoromethyl))comanic Acids and Their Ethyl Esters with Aniline and Its 2‐Substituted Derivatives.
Authors: Obydennov Dmitrii L. , Usachev Boris I.
Published: November 2012

Derivative (VI) can be easily converted to (V) when the crude product mixture is heated in DMSO at 120 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Ritter Reaction: Efficient Synthesis of Amides from Nitriles and Halohydrocarbons in Water.
Authors: Qu Gui‐Rong , Song Yan‐Wei , Niu Hong‐Ying , Guo Hai‐Ming , Fossey John S.
Published: November 2012

A wide range of amides is smoothly synthesized by Ritter reaction of benzyl, tert‐butyl, sec‐alkyl and primary alkyl halides with various nitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of S‐Allyl and Cinnamyl Dithiocarbamates Using Allyl and Cinnamyl Acetates in Water.
Authors: Ahammed Sabir , Saha Amit , Ranu Brindaban C.
Published: November 2012

A wide range of new cinnamyl‐ and allyl dithiocarbamates is prepared by the new reaction of the appropriate cinnamyl‐ and allyl acetate, carbon disulfide an an amine in the presence of Ru(acac)3 in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium(II) Pincer Complexes with Oxazoline Arms for Efficient Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions.
Authors: Chen Tao , He Li‐Peng , Gong Dirong , Yang Limin , Miao Xiaohe , Eppinger Joerg , Huang Kuo‐Wei
Published: November 2012

The design of novel pincer ligands is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Functionalized (2‐Ethynylphenyl)alcohols via Barbas—List Aldol Reaction: Scope and Synthetic Applications.
Authors: Ramachary Dhevalapally B. , Mondal Rumpa , Madhavachary R.
Published: November 2012

The present method furnishes valuable building blocks for preparation of medicinically interesting compounds and ligands for asymmetric synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis and Characterization of Molecules Containing Multiple β‐Keto Ester Units.
Authors: Belmar Julio , Ortiz Leandro , Ramirez Denis , Fuentes Fabiola , Para Maria , Jimenez Veronica A. , Jimenez Claudio A.
Published: November 2012

Compounds containing 2 or 3 β‐keto ester units are obtained via reaction of acid chlorides with ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of barium oxide.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Substituted Ethyl α‐Bromocinnamates with Tetrabutyl Ammonium Fluoride.
Authors: Liang Yan , Zhang Ying Peng , Yu Wei
Published: November 2012

The course of the process is significantly influenced by the nature of the aryl substituent: either biologically important fluorinated esters or elimination products are formed.
ChemInform Abstract: A General and Selective Zinc‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: November 2012

Optimized mild conditions are applied to the preparation of a broad spectrum of sulfoxides.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling with Aryl and Heteroaryl Bromides Using N,N,N′,N′‐Tetra(diphenylphosphinomethyl)‐1,2‐ethylenediamines.
Authors: Wang Kun , Yi Tao , Yu Xiaojun , Zheng Xueli , Fu Haiyan , Chen Hua , Li Ruixiang
Published: November 2012

A wide range of biaryl is synthesized using a new catalyst containing PdCl2 and a tetraphosphine ligand.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Stilbene Analogues by One‐Pot Oxidation‐Wittig and Oxidation‐Wittig—Heck Reaction.
Authors: Saiyed Akeel S. , Patel Krupa N. , Kamath Bola V. , Bedekar Ashutosh V.
Published: November 2012

Synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical stilbene derivatives (II), (VII), and (X) is achieved by a combination of one‐pot steps of Kornblum type oxidation of benzyl halide (I), its simultaneous in situ formation of phosphonium salt, and subsequent Wittig reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of trans‐Dihydrobenzofurans via Primary Amine‐Thiourea Organocatalyzed Intramolecular Michael Addition.
Authors: Lu Aidang , Hu Keling , Wang Youming , Song Haibin , Zhou Zhenghong , Fang Jianxin , Tang Chuchi
Published: November 2012

An efficient and highly enantioselective method to prepare trans‐dihydrobenzofurans and trans‐dihydronaphthofurans is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenyl α‐Bromovinyl Sulfone in Cycloadditions with Azomethine Ylides: An Unexpected Facile Aromatization of the Cycloadducts into Pyrroles.
Authors: Kudryavtsev Konstantin V. , Ivantcova Polina M. , Churakov Andrei V. , Vasin Victor A.
Published: November 2012

1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with vinyl sulfone (I) proceeds in the presence of catalytic amounts of silver acetate and DBU to give pyrrolidine cycloadducts (IV) and (V) regioselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Diazopyrrolidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Galina Yu. R. , Lobov A. N. , Sultanova R. M. , Dokichev V. A. , Tomilov Yu. V.
Published: November 2012

Title compounds (II) and (VI) are synthesized by reaction of amines (I) or (V), resp., with isopentyl nitrite.
ChemInform Abstract: Assisted Tandem Catalytic RCM‐Aromatization in the Synthesis of Pyrroles and Furans.
Authors: Schmidt Bernd , Krehl Stefan , Jablowski Eric
Published: November 2012

The present method relies on the conversion of the metathesis catalyst into a dehydrogenation catalyst by treatment with aqueous tBuOOH in situ.
ChemInform Abstract: Automated Multistep Continuous Flow Synthesis of 2‐(1H‐Indol‐3‐yl)thiazole Derivatives.
Authors: Pagano Nicholas , Heil Marintha L. , Cosford Nicholas D. P.
Published: November 2012

A consecutive heterocycle formation is developed from thioamide (I), bromoketones (II) and arylhydrazones (III) using an automated continuous flow process to give indolylthiazoles in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Amine Catalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition of N‐tert‐Butoxycarbonyl‐Protected Oxindoles to Maleimides.
Authors: Yang Xuena , Wang Chuan , Ni Qijian , Enders Dieter
Published: November 2012

The reaction proceeds through a Broenstedt base activation mode with DPS as the optimal catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Addition of Grignard Reagents to 3—Acylindoles: Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted Indoline Scaffolds.
Authors: Wang Lu , Shao Yushang , Liu Yuanhong
Published: November 2012

The reaction results in efficient formation of either trans‐ or cis‐substituted indolines depending on the quenching procedure used.
ChemInform Abstract: A Scalable Approach to Diaminopyrazoles Using Flow Chemistry.
Authors: Wilson Noel S. , Osuma Augustine T. , Van Camp Jennifer A. , Xu Xiangdong
Published: November 2012

Aminopyrazoles are prepared from nitriles and hydrazine hydrate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Phenyl Substituted 1H‐1,2,4‐Triazoles as Non‐Steroidal Inhibitors of 17β‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2.
Authors: Al‐Soud Yaseen A. , Marchais‐Oberwinkler Sandrine , Frotscher Martin , Hartmann Rolf W.
Published: November 2012

Title compounds, e.g. (IV) and (X), are synthesized and evaluated as 17βHSD2 inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enantiopure Dehydropiperidinones from α‐Amino Acids and Alkynes via Azetidin‐3‐ones.
Authors: Ishida Naoki , Yuhki Tatsuya , Murakami Masahiro
Published: November 2012

The Ni‐catalyzed treatment of the azetidinones allows a new access to optically active dehydropiperidinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Promoted Heterocyclization of Fluorinated Alkynylphosphonates with Select ortho‐Aminobenzonitriles.
Authors: Duda Blazej , Tverdomed Sergey N. , Ionin Boris I. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker
Published: November 2012

The process affords mainly or exclusively highly substituted 4‐aminoquinoline structures.
ChemInform Abstract: An Alternative Strategy to the Pictet—Spengler Method for Tetrahydroisoquinoline Synthesis: A Feasibility Study.
Authors: Henderson Laura , Knight David W. , Williams Andrew C.
Published: November 2012

Acid‐catalyzed cyclizations of 2‐aminoethyl styrene derivatives (I), (III) and (V) give the corresponding tetrahydroisoquinolines (II), (IV), and (VI) by an intramolecular hydroamination reaction, which represents an alternative and potentially more flexible strategy to the Pictet‐Spengler cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular C—C Coupling of 2,6‐Disubstituted‐1‐bromoaryls for Dihydrophenanthridines.
Authors: Singh Vijay P. , Singh Puspendra , Singh Harkesh B. , Butcher Ray J.
Published: November 2012

An unexpected intramolecular coupling of imines (I) and (III) under conditions A) produces the title compounds as major or sole products.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of 4‐Naphthylpyrimidin‐2‐amine Derivatives under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Rong Liangce , Ji Honglou , Xia Sheng , Yin Shan , Shi Yanhui , Tu Shujiang
Published: November 2012

The methodology has the advantages of operational simplicity, high efficiency, low costs and mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Aza Macrocyclic Diamides 2,2′‐Diaminodiphenyl Sulfide Using Crab‐Like Method.
Authors: Shockravi Abbas , Kamali Mahmood
Published: November 2012

Reaction of bis‐α‐chloroacetamidediphenylsulfide (III) as crab‐like condensing reagent with different diamines leads to corresponding aza‐thia and oxa macrocycles such as (V), (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III) Triflate, a New Efficient Catalyst for Type I Ferrier Rearrangement.
Authors: Chen Peiran , Wang Shaoshan
Published: November 2012

A series of unsaturated‐O‐glucosides are obtained from acetyl‐D‐glucal (I) in good yields and high anomeric selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: A Sensitive Colorimetric and Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Mercury Species in Aqueous Solution and Living Cells.
Authors: Jiang Jie , Liu Wei , Cheng Ju , Yang Lizi , Jiang Huie , Bai Decheng , Liu Weisheng
Published: November 2012

A new fluorescent probe for inorganic and organic mercury species based on mercury triggered cleavage reaction is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Acrylamide Analogues as Inhibitors of BCR—ABL Kinase.
Authors: Hu Wenxiang , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

The acrylamide analogues, related to Imatinib and Nilotinib, are synthesized by application of the principle of nonclassical electronic isostere.
ChemInform Abstract: Tropospheric OH and HO2 Radicals: Field Measurements and Model Comparisons
Authors: Stone Daniel , Whalley Lisa K. , Heard Dwayne E.
Published: November 2012

Review: 338 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review of Magnetostrictive Iron—Gallium Alloys
Authors: Atulasimha Jayasimha , Flatau Alison B.
Published: November 2012

Review: 92 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxamide: A Versatile Ordering Moiety for Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Cantekin Seda , de Greef Tom F. A. , Palmans Anja R. A.
Published: November 2012

Review: 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Hyperbranched Polymers as Enzyme Mimics; Exploiting the Principles of Encapsulation and Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Kirkorian Katerina , Ellis Adam , Twyman Lance J.
Published: November 2012

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Nitrone Chemistry: Some Novel Transformations
Authors: Yang Jiong
Published: November 2012

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry and Biology of Nakiterpiosin — C‐nor‐D‐Homosteroids
Authors: Chen Chuo , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

Review: about 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Global Air Quality and Climate
Authors: Fiore Arlene M. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

Review: 365 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Spectroscopic Probes with Changeable π‐Conjugated Systems
Authors: Shi Wen , Ma Huimin
Published: November 2012

Review: fluorescein‐, rhodamine‐, spiropyran‐, squaraine‐, coumarin‐, and cyanine‐based probes; 178 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Field MR Sensors for Fruit Inspection
Authors: Milczarek Rebecca R. , McCarthy Michael J.
Published: November 2012

Review: 28 refs.
Separation Technologies 2030 – Are 100 Years of Chromatography Enough?
Authors: Ditz Reinhard
Published: November 2012

Chromatography has provided significant contributions to the fields of molecule characterization as well as purification over the last century, thereby being quite unique in its flexibility and scaleability. The development of biotherapeutics would have been impossible without chromatography‐based purification strategies. Future areas for exploitation are the combination with other separation concepts together with model‐based approaches for materials and process design.
Directed Modulation of Protein Kinase C Isozyme Selectivity with Bisubstrate‐Based Inhibitors
Authors: van Wandelen Loek T. M. , van Ameijde Jeroen , Mady Ahmed S. A. , Wammes Angelique E. M. , Bode Alois , Poot Alex J. , Ruijtenbeek Rob , Liskamp Rob M. J.
Published: November 2012

Kinases present an attractive target for drug development, since they are involved in vital cellular processes and are implicated in a variety of diseases, such as cancer and diabetes. However, obtaining selectivity for a specific kinase over others is difficult since many current kinase inhibitors exclusively target the highly conserved kinase ATP binding domain. Previously, a microarray‐based strategy to discover so‐called bisubstrate‐based inhibitors that target the more specific peptide binding groove in addition to the ATP binding site was described. One attractive feature of this strategy is the opportunity to tune the selectivity of these inhibitors by systematically varying components. In an extension to this previous work, this study explores the potential of this guided selectivity modulation, leading to a series of inhibitors with different selectivity profiles against highly homologous protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes. Of the inhibitors studied, most exhibited improved potency and selectivity compared with their constituent parts. Furthermore, the selectivity was found to be tunable either through modification of the pseudosubstrate peptide (peptide binding groove) or the ATP‐competitive part (ATP binding site). In a number of cases, the selectivity of the construct could be predicted from the initial peptide substrate profiling experiment. Since this strategy is applicable to all kinase sets, it could be used to rapidly develop uniquely selective inhibitors.
Identification of Small Molecules that Interfere with H1N1 Influenza A Viral Replication
Authors: Bottini Angel , De Surya K. , Baaten Bas J. G. , Wu Bainan , Barile Elisa , Soonthornvacharin Stephen , Stebbins John L. , Bradley Linda M. , Chanda Sumit K. , Pellecchia Maurizio
Published: November 2012

Successful replication of the influenza A virus requires both viral proteins and host cellular factors. In this study we used a cellular assay to screen for small molecules capable of interfering with any of such necessary viral or cellular components. We used an established reporter assay to assess influenza viral replication by monitoring the activity of co‐expressed luciferase. We screened a diverse chemical compound library, resulting in the identification of compound 7, which inhibits a novel yet elusive target. Quantitative real‐time PCR studies confirmed the dose‐dependent inhibitory activity of compound 7 in a viral replication assay. Furthermore, we showed that compound 7 is effective in rescuing high‐dose influenza infection in an in vivo mouse model. As oseltamivir‐resistant influenza strains emerge, compound 7 could be further investigated as a new and potentially suitable scaffold for the development of anti‐influenza agents that act on novel targets.
Azo Monomers Exhibiting Low Layer Shrinkage at the SmA–SmC Transition and trans–cis Light‐Induced Isomerization
Authors: García Tonatiuh , Larios‐López Leticia , Rodríguez‐González Rosa Julia , Torres‐Lubián José Román , Navarro‐Rodríguez Dámaso
Published: November 2012

Methacrylic monomers containing a (phenylene)azobenzene unit substituted with a lateral cyano group and alkyl chains of different length are synthesized and characterized by NMR techniques. Their liquid‐crystalline properties are studied by differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. All monomers exhibit a mesomorphic behavior that extends over wide temperature ranges with nematic and orthogonal or tilted smectic‐type mesophases, depending on the length of the terminal chain. The smectic structures are determined to be single‐layered with a low layer shrinkage (<5 %) at the SmA–SmC transition. This atypical behavior is attributed to the combination of a high smectic order promoted by both π–π and bond dipole–bond dipole interactions between cyano‐substituted central cores, and a low correlation between neighboring layers arising from dispersive forces between the end groups (methacrylic group and alkyl chain) of the monomer. On the other hand, the trans–cis isomerization of monomers is induced in solution by irradiating with a UV lamp. High cis‐isomer contents (≥96 %) are obtained at the photostationary state, which is reached in a relatively short time (40 s).
Iron Complex with Ionic Tag‐Catalyzed Olefin Reduction under Oxidative Conditions—A Different Reaction for Iron
Authors: Santos Marcelo R. dos , Gomes Alexandre F. , Gozzo Fabio C. , Suarez Paulo A. Z. , Neto Brenno A. D.
Published: November 2012

An iron(III) complex with ionic tags was applied to the reduction of alkenes in imidazolium‐based ionic liquids (ILs) under oxidative conditions. The catalyst is very efficient to promote reactions of biomass derivatives. At least ten recycling reactions were performed without any loss of catalytic activity. Some important mechanistic insights for this new reaction are also provided based mostly on electrospray ionization quadrupole‐time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI‐QTOF‐MS).
Growth of Indium Oxide and Zinc‐Doped Indium Oxide Nanostructures
Authors: Karn Ashish , Kumar Mukesh , Singh Vidyanand N. , Mehta Bodh R. , Aravindan Sivanantham , Singh Jitendra P.
Published: November 2012

The growth of zinc‐doped indium oxide nanostructures, from mesocontainers to nanowires, by thermal vapor transport of an In2O3 + ZnO mixed precursor at a temperature of 960°C under a flow of argon gas mixed with ethanol vapors (reducing environment) and water vapors (oxidizing environment) is reported. The evolution of mesocontainers is systematically studied as a function of growth time by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and local energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Interestingly, the initial growth is found to be dominated by the formation of ZnO nanocrystallites, followed by the formation of ZnO beaded cable‐like structures, and finally nucleation of Zn‐doped indium oxide mesocontainer structures at the end of ZnO beaded cable‐like structures. These Zn‐doped IO mesocontainers appear to have regular crystalline facets with pyramidal holes. The growth and morphological evolution of such structures are discussed in terms of the competitive growth of Zn/In oxides through a bottom‐up vapor‐solid (VS) mechanism. Surprisingly, a mere change of growth environment from reducing to oxidizing (or inert) results in the growth of In2O3‐ZnO nanowires (or nanorods). This study gives an insight into the growth of In2O3‐ZnO ternary oxide nanostructures which may have potential application in next generation flexible optoelectronic devices.
Development and evolution of caste dimorphism in honeybees – a modeling approach
Authors: Leimar Olof , Hartfelder Klaus , Laubichler Manfred D. , Page Robert E.
Published: November 2012

The difference in phenotypes of queens and workers is a hallmark of the highly eusocial insects. The caste dimorphism is often described as a switch‐controlled polyphenism, in which environmental conditions decide an individual's caste. Using theoretical modeling and empirical data from honeybees, we show that there is no discrete larval developmental switch. Instead, a combination of larval developmental plasticity and nurse worker feeding behavior make up a colony‐level social and physiological system that regulates development and produces the caste dimorphism. Discrete queen and worker phenotypes are the result of discrete feeding regimes imposed by nurses, whereas a range of experimental feeding regimes produces a continuous range of phenotypes. Worker ovariole numbers are reduced through feeding‐regime‐mediated reduction in juvenile hormone titers, involving reduced sugar in the larval food. Based on the mechanisms identified in our analysis, we propose a scenario of the evolutionary history of honeybee development and feeding regimes.
Analysis of the population structure ofMacrolophus pygmaeus(Rambur) (Hemiptera: Miridae) in the Palaearctic region using microsatellite markers
Authors: Sanchez Juan Antonio , Spina Michelangelo La , Perera Omaththage P.
Published: November 2012

Macrolophus pygmaeus(Rambur) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is widely distributed throughout the Palaearctic region. The aim was to explain the current geographic distribution of the species by investigating its genetic population structure. Samples ofM. pygmaeuswere collected in 15 localities through its range of distribution. A sample from a commercial producer was also analyzed. A total of 367 M. pygmaeuswere genotyped for nine microsatellite loci. Isolation by distance was tested by Mantel's test. The molecular structure ofM. pygmaeuspopulations was inferred byUPGMA,AMOVA, Principal component and Bayesian analyses. The average number of alleles per locus per population was 5.5 (range: 3.1–7.8). Istanbul (Turkey) and Nimes (France) had the lowest (0.291) and the highest (0.626) expected heterozygosity (He), respectively. There was an increase inHefrom the Canary Islands to Nimes, and a progressive decrease thereafter. A significant negative correlation was found between allelic richness andHe, and the distance of each population to the easternmost locality (Canary Islands). Significant linkage disequilibrium was observed in the populations from Turkey.FST(0.004–0.334) indicated a high population differentiation, with isolation by distance supported by a high correlation. Bayesian analyses,PCA, andUPGMApointed to three main clusters: (1) Greece and Turkey, (2) Italy and France, and (3) southern Iberia and the Canary Islands. The recent evolutionary history ofM. pygmaeusis inferred from the data as follows: (1) the reduction in the geographic distribution of the species to the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas, and possibly southern France, during glaciations and re‐colonization of northern Europe from its southern refuges; (2) the maintenance of high diversity in Iberia and Italy (and possibly southern France) during contraction periods, and bottlenecks in the Balkans; (3) introgression of the Italian–French lineage in northern Spain, naturally or through trade.
Direct Preparation of Trifluoromethylindium Reagents from Trifluoromethyl Iodide: Effective Trifluoromethylation and Perfluoroalkylation Reagents
Authors: Fujiu Motohiro , Nakamura Yuzo , Serizawa Hiroki , Aikawa Kohsuke , Ito Shigekazu , Mikami Koichi
Published: November 2012

The direct synthesis of trifluoromethylindium reagents prepared from trifluoromethyl iodide by using just one equivalent each of indium, lithium chloride or sodium iodide, and ferrocene is reported. The weak In···F interaction is suitable to prepare stable but nucleophilic perfluoroalkyl reagents, which were successfully employed in the perfluoroalkylation of aldehydes. Notably, the nucleophilic trifluoromethylation of various aldehydes took place with trifluoromethyl iodide by utilizing just one equivalent each of indium, lithium chloride, and ferrocene.
Highly Efficient Construction of Trifluoromethylated Heterocycles; [3+2] Annulation of N,N′‐Cyclic or C,N‐Cyclic Azomethine Imines with Trifluoromethyl‐Containing Electron‐Deficient Olefins
Authors: Wang De , Deng Hong‐Ping , Wei Yin , Xu Qin , Shi Min
Published: November 2012

A highly regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of pyrazolidine analogues by the use of N,N′‐cyclic or C,N‐cyclic azomethine imines with two different trifluoromethyl‐containing olefins has been developed. The method affords highly functionalized trifluoromethyl‐containing pyrazolidine analogues in excellent yields with high diastereoselectivities under mild conditions.
Automatically activated facets of ageism: Masked evaluative priming allows for a differentiation of age‐related prejudice
Authors: de Paula Couto Maria Clara Pinheiro , Wentura Dirk
Published: November 2012

This study investigated the automatic activation of ageism by using a go/no‐go version of the masked evaluative priming task. Pictures of younger persons, of older persons in everyday contexts, and of older persons depicting age‐related conditions of decline were used as masked primes that preceded positive and negative target adjectives conveying either other‐relevant valence (e.g., just and mean) or possessor‐relevant valence (e.g., serene and lonely). The evaluative priming effect (denoting relative negativity of old‐everyday primes in comparison with younger primes) was significant, as hypothesized, only for possessor‐relevant targets. It was not moderated by explicit ageism. A second priming index (denoting relative negativity of old‐decline primes in comparison with old‐everyday primes) predicted, however, explicit ageism. Again, this result was, as expected, constrained to the index based on possessor‐relevant targets. This study provides further evidence that prejudice in terms of automatic evaluations of social stimuli can be more fine grained beyond a mere one‐dimensional positive–negative differentiation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regulatory T‐lymphocytes mediate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression and survival
Authors: Henkel Jenny S. , Beers David R. , Wen Shixiang , Rivera Andreana L. , Toennis Karen M. , Appel Joan E. , Zhao Weihua , Moore Dan H. , Powell Suzanne Z. , Appel Stanley H.
Published: November 2012

In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mice, regulatory T‐lymphocytes (Tregs) are neuroprotective, slowing disease progression. To address whether Tregs and FoxP3, a transcription factor required for Treg function, similarly influence progression rates of ALS patients, T‐lymphocytes from patients were assessed by flow cytometry. Both numbers of Tregs and their FoxP3 protein expressions were reduced in rapidly progressing ALS patients and inversely correlated with progression rates. The mRNA levels of FoxP3, TGF‐β, IL4 and Gata3, a Th2 transcription factor, were reduced in rapidly progressing patients and inversely correlated with progression rates. Both FoxP3 and Gata3 were accurate indicators of progression rates. No differences in IL10, Tbx21, a Th1 transcription factor or IFN‐γ expression were found between slow and rapidly progressing patients. A 3.5‐year prospective study with a second larger cohort revealed that early reduced FoxP3 levels were indicative of progression rates at collection and predictive of future rapid progression and attenuated survival. Collectively, these data suggest that Tregs and Th2 lymphocytes influence disease progression rates. Importantly, early reduced FoxP3 levels could be used to identify rapidly progressing patients.
A new molecular imprinting‐based mass‐sensitive sensor for real‐time detection of 17β‐estradiol from aqueous solution
Authors: Özgür Erdoğan , Yılmaz Erkut , Şener Gülsu , Uzun Lokman , Say Rıdvan , Denizli Adil
Published: November 2012

The 17β‐estradiol (E2), natural steroid hormone, is one of the most potent endocrine disrupting compounds even at ng L−1 levels. Its rapid, selective and sensitive detection is intensively required. In this study, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor was prepared for real‐time monitoring of E2 in water samples, through the attachment of E2 imprinted nanoparticles, synthesized by mini‐emulsion polymerization, on the gold surface of QCM sensor. QCM sensor surface was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), ellipsometer, and contact angle measurements. The specificity of the QCM nanosensor was shown by competitive adsorption of E2, stigmasterol and cholesterol. The results showed that QCM nanosensor has high selectivity and sensitivity for E2 even in a wide range of 3.67 nM–3.67 pM. The detection and quantification limits were calculated as 613 fM and 2.04 pM, respectively. According to the results, the proposed molecular imprinted QCM nanosensor is promising cost‐friendly alternative for quantification of E2 from ground water. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 32: 1164–1169, 2013