bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An approach to power relations: Bessie Head and Luisa Valenzuela
Authors: Wenzel M.
Published: May 2013

As authors and women writing within a postcolonial paradigm. Head and Valenzuela posit power relations as a prominent feature in their respective novels, A Question of Power and Cola de Lagartija. These texts specifically expose the multi-layered scope of power relations and confirm the presence of such dynamics within the fabric of society and history. Different perspectives/voices represent the dynamics of social context as a series of power relations best interpreted by Bakhtin's perception of the dialogic principle operative in literature. In A Question of Power and The Lizard’s Tail, the abuse of power is challenged and exposed by the different narrators in their capacity as protagonists, narrators and authors. In this way they assert their powers as subjects, individuals, women; they gain a voice, an identity, and can proceed to make history as well as make history (in both the historical and literary sense). By writing, or perhaps re-conceptualizing their past as individuals and writers. Head and Valenzuela have been enabled to forge their own future.
'Nederlandismes' in HAT
Authors: Van Houwelingen F. , Carstens A.
Published: May 2013

Dutch influence in HAT (1994) Although there is consensus among linguists that Afrikaans and Dutch are related languages, and that Afrikaans originated from 17th century Dutch, the differences between present-day varieties of Afrikaans and Dutch serve as proof that we are dealing with two separate languages. These differences should be clearly visible in descriptive as well as normative sources of the two languages. However, the third edition of Verklarende Handewoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (HAT), one of the leading Afrikaans standard monolingual dictionaries, contains headwords as well as microstructural information that do not agree with the reality of the Afrikaans of today. An empirical investigation conducted among Afrikaans-speaking dictionary users has proven that a significant Dutch influence is still prominent - in the micro- as well as the macrostructure of the dictionary. It is believed that the Dutch "thread" of many Afrikaans dictionaries has indirectly contributed towards the creation of a super-standard norm, which is partially responsible for the estrangement between the cultural language and the vernacular.
Intertekstualiteit as simbiotiese saam-bestaan: twee naamgenote en ’n belese engel
Authors: Du Plooy H.
Published: May 2013

Intertextuality as symbiosis: two namesakes and an erudite angel This article focuses on the relations among the variety of texts which are referred to in the story "Dr. Diedericks leer om te lag" by T.T. Cloete. The apparently explicit allusions become much more complex when analysed closely. Cloete's story becomes a postmodernist discourse in which precursors, sources and "other voices” are creatively “misread”. In the process of transforming an older text, Van Melle's story "Oom Diederik leer om te huil" gains a new lease on life, but the boundaries of literature are also challenged by incorporating philosophical writings and popular medical books into the story. A metaphysical layer surfaces in the interpretation of the story as the directions of the erudite angelic figure to the sick man are analysed. The analysis and interpretation of the intertextual web created by Cloete’s story are used to illustrate the symbiotic nature of the relations among texts.
Die reisverslag van ’n post-kolonialistiese reisiger: Die reise van Isobelle deur Elsa Joubert
Authors: Van Coller H. P.
Published: May 2013

The travelogue of a post-colonial traveller: The travels of Isobelle by Elsa Joubert Die reise van Isobelle (The travels of Isobelle) written by Elsa Joubert is regarded as one of her best novels. In many respects this novel can be considered as an overview of an extensive and impressive oeuvre. This article attempts to indicate that this novel not only relates to the important tradition of travel writing in Afrikaans literature, but also comments on this tradition from a feminist and postcolonial perspective. In a certain sense this novel can also be read as a continuance (or rewriting) of Joubert's own travel journals that have still been embedded in a colonial consciousness. Once again a symbiotic relationship exists between the above-mentioned novel and several of Elsa Joubert's other travel journals. In this article the intertextual ties with Water en woestyn and Die verste reis are explored in particular. The premise of this hypothesis is that the characteristic aspect of travel literature is the unseverable tie between centrifugal and centripetal forces. To a great extent the structure of this extensive work, with its extraordinarily solid motif structure, already determines this.
Reis as ondergrawing van meesterverhale: die reise van Ratkas en Isobelle
Authors: Burger W.
Published: May 2013

Travel as the undermining of master narratives: The journeys of Ratkas and Isobelle Travelling usually leads to changed perspectives. The traveller becomes aware that his/her own perspective on reality is not the only valid perspective. In this article two Afrikaans novels in which travel is of central importance are examined to determine the manner in which these travels serve to undermine master narratives. Travels do not necessarily lead to a proliferation of perspectives and a postmodernist distrust of master narratives. In Die ryk van die rawe the traveller does not succeed in gaining a new perspective at all, while in Die reise van Isobelle, one master narrative is replaced by another - corresponding with Caren Kaplen's idea that master narratives are needed in order to change society.
Postmodernistiese tendense in Magersfontein, o Mogersfonfein! deur Etienne Leroux
Authors: Prins M. J.
Published: May 2013

Post-modernist trends in Magersfontein, o Magersfontein! by Etienne Leroux The aim of this article is to prove that there are trends towards the radicalisation of certain tenets of modernism in Magersfontein, a Magersfontein! (1976) by Etienne Leroux. In the first instance, there are signs of what Brian McHale considers to be typical of postmodernism, namely epistemological uncertainty. Readers of this novel are confronted by a modernist shift from the idea of an objective rendering of an empirical reality towards a focus on the ways in which the individual consciousness p lays an active and projecting part in the formation of images of self and world. This shift is juxtaposed with an investigation into humanity's search of knowledge of the past The shift entails a modernist questioning of the objectivity of historical knowledge, an indication of the partisan way in which history can be dealt with, an emphasis on the relationship between different renderings of history and the legitimising of political power, as a result of which the novel tends towards postmodernism, at least as far as Wesseling's (1991) definition of this trend is concerned. At the same time the novel can be read as a satire on the way in which institutions like the state and the film industry are instrumental in the creation of "realities The images which are projected onto reality are often "prescribed" to the individual consciousness, a motif which is well-known in postmodernist fiction.
Rituele van plesier: Dolf van Coller se Die Bieliebalies
Authors: Van Wyk J.
Published: May 2013

Rituals of pleasure: Dolf van Coller’s Die Bieliebalies This article is an analysis of Dolf van Coller's Die Bieliebalies (1993), read as a hedonist text. It has many points of similarity with what Bakhtin (1984) called grotesque realism, and with Nietzsche’s views as expounded in The birth of tragedy (1956). By comparing Van Caller's text to that of Bakhtin and Nietzsche, a counter-discourse to contemporary moral discourses such as feminism is explored. Van Coller’s use of laughter as a relativising mechanism is very liberating in the context where petty morality intervenes dogmatically in the field of literature and other spheres of life.
Studie van die letterkunde: waarom?
Authors: Steenberg D. H.
Published: May 2013

Om te wil weet, is een van die belangrikste dryfkragte in ’n mens se lewe, en sekerlik dié strewe wat van jou ’n wetenskaplike maak. As ’n mens vir die ons, waarvan die spreker in die aangehaalde verse uit Groot ode van N.P. van Wyk Louw één is, digters of kunstenaars lees, dan laat die digter en dus die letterkunde 'n mens iets op ’n besondere manier wéét, laat dit jou op ’n besondere manier iets erváár.
The comic vision in contemporary British drama
Authors: Combrink A. L.
Published: May 2013

There has long been controversy as to the necessity and validity of generic distinctions in literature, especially dramatic literature. Some of the earliest critical comment on literature was concerned with generic distinction and as Aristotle’s ideas (the earliest extant critical comment on literary genre) were firmly based on a study of plays performed at the time it would seem that he recognized that a generic type represented a particular attitude and vision of life on the part of the author.
Verskeidenheid en samehang in D.J. Opperman se Komas
Authors: Viljoen H.
Published: May 2013

Die verskyning van Opperman se magistrale nuwe bundel, Komas uit 'n bamboesstok, is seker die literêre gebeurtenis van 1979. Ek sê magistraal, want hier sien ’n mens die Oude Meester op sy stoutste, sy vernuftigste en op sy naakste.
Hoofaspekte van poëtiese taalgebruik
Authors: Gräbe R. C.
Published: May 2013

Dr. Ina Grabe het in 1979 aan die PU onder die leiding van prof. T.T. Cloete gepromoveer met ’n proefskrif Teorieë oor hoofaspekte van poetiese taalgebruik: verkenning en toepassing. Wat hier volg, is 'n kort uittreksel uit 'n vertaalde opsomming van hierdie omvangryke werk.
Die ideaal van die spreker in die satiriese gedig: M.M. Walters
Authors: Cameron S. M.
Published: May 2013

Wanneer van die satirikus gepraat word, word eintlik die spreker in die satiriese gedig veronderstel. “For the Muse ought always to be our reminder that it is not the author as man who casts these shadows on our printed page, but the author as poet” (Mack, 1971:193).
Joernaal van Jorik (D.J. Opperman)
Authors: Cloete T. T.
Published: May 2013

Die gedig begin met talle religieuse verwysings wat vir ons darem sê wat ons moet verstaan onder die doel en taak wat deur Manuel aan Jorik opgedra word, soos die verwysings na die kruis en die uur van verantwoording en van terugkeer. Die gestalte van Manuel sélf gee godsdienstige inhoud aan die doel, offer en uur van Jorik.
Comedy in the seventies: A study of certain plays by Harold Pinter
Authors: Combrink A. L.
Published: May 2013

Harold Pinter emerges from a survey of critical responses to his work as being at once the most praised and the most reviled of contemporary British playwrights. The present study is an attempt to shed some light on some of the problems confronting the reader of his works through approaching his plays as exemplars of the contemporary comic vision.
Aspekte van vertelwyse en vertelhouding in Magersfontein, o Magersfontein!
Authors: Steenberg D. H.
Published: May 2013

Die verteller volg onder andere vanuit die uitkyktoring (146) “die alsiende oog” van die kamera (289) en bring so aspekte van die toneelmatige voorstelling van die veldslag aan die lig — iets wat sender hierdie korrelaat van die kamera nie moontlik sou gewees het nie.
Romantipologie
Authors: Van der Berg B. H.J.
Published: May 2013

Die moderne romanteoretikus is soos ’n ambagsman wat nie aan hout, klip of metaal vorm m eet gee nie, maar aan water (kyk Pabst, 1960, p. 264). Die kontem porêre rom an is vanweë sy vloeiendheid moeilik definieerbaar. ’n Bepaalde model ontbreek. Derhalwe is ’n standaardvorm of ’n normatiewe sistematiek eweneens nie beskikbaar nie.
De Straat (Ina Boudier-Barker)
Authors: Van der Elst J.
Published: May 2013

Daar bestaan min twyfel oor die novelle-agtigheid van hierdie werk. Tog is daar kritici wat De straat nie onomwonde ’n novelle wil noem nie.
Hesseling: ’n eeu later
Authors: Ponelis F.
Published: May 2013

Hesseling: a century laterThe Dutch linguist D.C. Hesseling was a pioneer of creole studies. The first evidence of Hesseling's interest in language contact and creole languages was his publications on Afrikaans. Hesseling formulated the core of his approach to the origin of Afrikaans in an 1897 article and greatly elaborated his ideas on the subject in the book Het Afrikaansch, published in 1899. This was the first truly scientific study of Afrikaans.Hesseling placed emergent Afrikaans within the colonial Dutch contact situation. In his wide-ranging and penetrating sociohistórical analysis of the seventeenth-century language contact situation at the Cape, Hesseling discounted the impact of either Koi or French and German on emergent Afrikaans. He singled out the creole Portuguese introduced by slaves as the main factor in the formation of Afrikaans from colloquial seventeenthcentury Dutch. Some of the issues raised by Hesseling have been hotly disputed, but his approach has remained at the centre of the discourse on Afrikaans historical linguistics.Hesseling's involvement in the diachrony of early Afrikaans was partly stimulated by his passionate interest in the language politics of the emergent Afrikaans standard language. He was the very first linguist of stature to argue for the standardisation of Afrikaans. Moreover, his ideas on the viability of Afrikaans as a local standard language in competition with both English and Dutch have been borne out, though they had been discounted within contemporary Afrikaner Nationalist discourse.
De wondere wereld van Alex van Warmerdam: absurdisme in de eigentijdse Nederlandse film
Authors: Nas L.
Published: May 2013

The wondrous world of Alex van Warmerdam: Absurdism in contemporary Dutcti cinemaThe main focus of this article is an introduction to the oeuvre of Dutch filmmaker Alex van Warmerdam, by concentrating on his first two feature films: Abel (1986) and De noorderlingen (1992). These films, setting a new absurdist trend, signalled the coming-of-age of Dutch cinema. In an article that appeared in 1986 in the then trend-setting cultural magazine De Haagse Post, Van Warmerdam's first film was hailed as “grotesque fool's wisdom,” elevated “to the level of supreme law” whereby “pathetic jerkiness was staged in a revealing manner” (Rooduijn, 1986: 35). Dutch audiences proved receptive to this new cinematic style and became appreciative of the filmmaker's demythologization of the snugness of the “good old days” which had up to then characterized the post-war reconstruction period.After situating both Abel and De noorderlingen within the context of contemporary Dutch cinema and television, as well as within the filmmaker’s cinematic oeuvre, the article will introduce Alex van Warmerdam's background and closely analyse both films. Finally it will be argued that Van Warmerdam's films force Dutch audiences to take an ironic, critical look at themselves, a new take in Dutch cinema that has also found approval abroad.
Tacitus se uitbeelding van Agrippina Minor
Authors: Dircksen M.
Published: May 2013

Tacitus’ portrayal of Agrippina MinorAncient historiography has more in common with the historical novel than with modem historiography. The Annals of Tacitus should be seen as an artistic, narrative text which demands active participation by the reader in the process of interpretation. A narratological analysis of Tacitus' description of the life and death of Agrippina, mother of the emperor Nero, reveals a serious ethical reflection on the atrocities committed by the imperial family. Agrippina is characterised as an exceptionally strongwilled woman who had an immense influence on the Roman Empire while she was the wife of the emperor Claudius and mother of his successor, Nero. On the other hand, her typically female character traits are accentuated from which the reader has to infer that it was precisely the fact that she was a woman which made her authoritative position intolerable.
The real(modern)ist novel
Authors: Eid H.
Published: May 2013

This article aims to argue that the distinction in both meaning and social function between “realism” and “modernism” lies in their different positions in the economic system of capitalism. The focus point of the article is “modernism” as the cultural logic of monopoly, imperialist capitalism - a logic that never meant a “break away” from “realism”. The article's dialectical and historical approach to James Joyce's modern text A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man never accepts the internal modernist logic of the text, i.e. the complete autonomy of a work of art.Drawing on Fredric Jameson’s hermeneutics of ideology and Edward Said’s dialectical criticism, the article focuses on the ideological components of A Portrait and will explore its modernity in relation to the political economy of the world that has produced it. Moreover, it will show how A Portrait, as a modernist text, has affiliations with wider fields of power and action.
Die aard en funksie van Zoeloe-folklore in Die ding in die vuur van Riana Scheepers
Authors: Taljaard G. H.
Published: May 2013

The nature and function of Zulu folklore in Die ding in die vuur by Riano ScheepersThis article is concerned with how and why Zulu folklore and oral narrative traditions are absorbed in the literature of the writer Riana Scheepers. Scheepers does not use Zulu culture in her work to make it part of the struggle genre. The question therefore arises: Why does Scheepers, a modern, even postmodern writer, make use of the prehistoric, ancient Zulu oral narrative tradition?As starting points for this article the following issues are explored: What is the nature of Zulu folklore and how has it been applied in the texts concerned? What is the function of Zulu folklore in Scheepers’ work?In the oral narrative tradition, the ugogo (grandmother) is the narrator of the story and she tells her stories to the listeners (mostly children) to educate them in a very entertaining way, but also to adjure many social evils, symbolized by a variety of characters, such as animals, monsters and tricksters. Riana Scheepers uses the ugogo to create a story within a story in front of the reader's eyes, in other words, she uses the ugogo to create metatextuality. By writing stories, Scheepers also edifies her readers in an entertaining manner and like the ugogo, she adjures many social evils like violence, poverty, chauvinism and racism. By transforming truth into fiction (fictionalization), she makes the harsh realities of life tolerable and in this way protects herself and her readers against the horrific realities of modern life.
KWU-werkersklasdramas in Afrikaans (ca. 1930 - ca. 1950)
Authors: Coetser J. L.
Published: May 2013

GWU working class theatre in Afrikaans (ca. 1930 - ca. 1950)In 1984 Elsabé Brink drew attention to plays, prose and poetry written between 1930 and 1950 in Afrikaans by members of the Garment Workers’ Union (GWU). Scholars such as Stander and Willemse (1992), Van Niekerk (1996) and Van Wyk (1995, 1997) have also referred to GWU plays. Apart from these overviews, GWU plays as such have not yet received the attention they deserve. This article presents a revaluation, initially by providing an overview of their contents, followed by an examination of cultural, economic and political influences. It is argued that - retrospectively - the GWU plays reflected a unique cultural specificity from the framework established by Sitas (1986) for more contemporary working class theatre.
’n Oorsig oor die grammatiese beskrywing van die sogenaamde ‘onderwerpskakel’ in Sotho en Zulu: histories en kontemporêr
Authors: Pretorius W. J.
Published: May 2013

A synopsis of the grammatical description of the so-called ‘subject concord’ in Sotho and Zulu: historical and comtemporary viewsThe term "concord” is generally used as an umbrella term for a diversity of language forms in the morphological description of language units in African languages. Since “concord" does not specifically indicate a unit of rank in the morphological hierarchy of language symbols, but implicitly refers to the function of language units, the result of this practice is that a purely grammatical distinction between related language units is not always possible. For example, historically and contemporarily, the so-called "subject concord" is often interpreted in morphologically diverse and often even contradictory ways. This article examines the grammatical status of the so-called "subject concord” in Northern Sotho and Zulu in terms of existing views regarding its morphological or word status in the light of Van Wyk's (1953, 1958 and 1967) research. Specific attention is paid to changes in rank, drawing a clear distinction between “subject concords” as verbal prefixal morphemes and “subject concords” as particle words. Finally, it is recommended that a clear grammatical distinction should be drawn between morphemes and words, and furthermore that reference to these units should differ terminologically. This viewpoint suggests that the term "concord" should rather be avoided completely.
’n Tekslingulstlese anallse van die gebruik van en
Authors: Prinsloo S.
Published: May 2013

A text-linguistic analysis of the use of the Afrikaans conjunction en (Englisti: and)The occurrence of the Afrikaans subordinating conjunction en is investigated as conjunction marker, discourse marker and structure marker, as well as its role with regard to cohesion and coherence. This analysis of the functional occurrences of the subordinating conjunction is conducted within the context of the narrative “Oorlidde Pa en die by” (Spies, 1994:29). The narrative consists of a primary narrative in which a secondary narrative is embedded. The secondary narrative is related by one of the characters in the primary narration It has been established that the use of en, in this narrative, occurs according to a definite discourse plan. As a discourse marker en is used in a discourse organisational connection. The use of en is more frequent in the recounting of the events in the secondary narrative. Its use is less obvious where the narrator is recounting the primary narrative. With regard to the structuring of the narrative en is used functionally. In the section of plot development where the actions follow rapidly on each other, en occurs more frequently than in the other sections, for example in the orientation and coda. The frequent use of en lends a firm cohesive structure and results in rapid progression with regard to action in this narrative. The absence or presence of en also serves to indicate emphasis. In the narrative which was investigated, the use of the subordinating conjunction en plays an important role in creating cohesion and coherence in the text.
Die politiek van herinnering: spore van trauma
Authors: Snyman J.
Published: May 2013

The politics of memory: Vestiges of traumaThe politics of memory is fraught with paradoxes; however, it remains an unavoidable and necessary strategy to cope with (historical) trauma. After a brief concept of historical memory has been outlined, an analysis follows of the various strategies of memory that have been employed to deal with the trauma of the British concentration camps during the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902. The point of the analysis centres in the moral universalisability of the politics of traumatic experience. The initial male strategy of memory (heroization) is found wanting. Emily Hobhouse’s observations and interpretation of suffering are important criticisms of this initial strategy. In the final instance, it is the interpreted voice of the victim herself that makes trauma audible - by approximation.
Writing of(f) the women of the National Women’s Monument
Authors: Cloete E.
Published: May 2013

The rise of nationalisms throughout the twentieth century presents a constellation of discourses in which the notion of “woman” has undergone phases of mobilisation and dismissal depending on the stage of national consciousness reached. The brochures of the National Women’s Monument, written to augment the reasons for the monument’s erection, reveal the problematics of Afrikaner nationalism and gender. In this paper, tentative parallels are drawn between Afrikaner nationalism and the new emergent African nationalism in South Africa in which the issues of women and nationalism are considered to be products of the same discourse despite increasing rights accruing to women generally.
Verset en volharding: die lewe van Rachel Isabella (Tibbie) Steyn gedurende die Anglo-Boereoorlog
Authors: Truter E.
Published: May 2013

Resistance and perseverance: The life of Rachel Isabella (Tibbie) Steyn during the Anglo-Boer WarRachel Isabella (Tibbie) Fraser was born in 1865 in Philippolis as daughter of the Rev. Colin McKenzie Fraser (Jr) and Isabella Paterson of Scotland, and granddaughter of a Scottish immigrant, the Rev. C.A. Fraser Tibbie was trained as a teacher in Bloemfontein at the “Dames-instituut” (Eunice) after which she married advocate Marthinus Theunis Steyn, a prominent Free Stater. When Theunis was elected State President of the Orange Free State in 1896, Tibbie distinguished herself as hostess of the Presidency.Tibbie experienced the vicissitudes of the Anglo-Boer War, fleeing before the victorious British army from one northeastern Free State town to the other. She was captured at the end of July 1900 and was regarded at the “first woman in her position to be taken prisoner”. Tibbie was interned in Bloemfontein and became an example of the adamant resistance of the Afrikaner woman against British domination. She was elected as “one of the worst of a number of irreconcilable women " to be deported from South Africa. The order was, however, rescinded at the last moment, after Kitchener had failed to produce conclusive evidence of any misdemeanours. She tended to her husband during his serious illness in Europe and once back in South Africa, achieved honour in uplifting Afrikaners after the war.
Dagboeke as oorlogsdokumentasie: Johanna van Warmelo se dagboek en haar belewing van die Anglo-Boereoorlog
Authors: Van der Merwe R. , Grobler J.
Published: May 2013

Diaries as historical documentation: Jotianna van Warmelo’s diary and her experience of the Anglo-Boer WarJohanna van Warmelo resided in Sunnyside, Pretoria, with her mother virtually throughout the Anglo-Boer War. She was 23 years old when the war broke out. Her fiancé, whom she later married, lived in Holland. Johanna started a diary immediately after the outbreak of the war In this she not only wrote down factual reports, but also her perceptions of the war and the belligerents. The diary grew into seven volumes of more than a thousand pages. After serving as a nurse in the Irene Concentration Camp, Johanna in 1901 became involved in the spying activities of the Secret Service Commission of the Boers in Pretoria. Through assisting the famous scout J.J. Naude, she and her mother formed a crucial link between the Boer commanders in the field and President Kruger in Europe. She later related those experiences in The Petticoat Commando. It was published in both English and Dutch and eventually also in Afrikaans and became one of the classic factual tales of adventure of the Anglo- Boer War. In this article her diary is analysed as a source on the war
Tot in die hart van boosheid: Twee resente Afrikaanse romans oor die Anglo-Boereoorlog
Authors: Renders L.
Published: May 2013

Into the heart of evil: Two recent Afrikaans noveis about the Anglo-Boer WarThe centenary commemoration of the start of the Anglo-Boer War in 1899 has already inspired the publication of two major Afrikaans novels: Op soek na generaal Mannetjies Mentz by Christoffel Coetzee, and Verliesfontein by Karel Schoeman. These novels should not be considered in isolation. In contemporary Afrikaans literature quite a lot of attention is paid to the Anglo-Boer War. It is, together with the Groot Trek, one of the most significant events in Afrikaner history and has become a very potent symbol of Afrikaner nationalism. The contemporary writer radically debunks the Boer War, thus signifying his absolute rejection of the ideology of the previous generations. This is also the case in Op soek na generaal Mannetjies Mentz and Verliesfontein. Both novels present an unconventional perspective on the war. Op soek na generaal Mannetjies Mentz does not portray a heroic general. On the contrary, Mannetjies Mentz and his commando personify evil. In Verliesfontein the Boer commando not only gave up the village but also all pretence of justice, thereby turning this war episode into their moral Waterloo. Both novels bring a shocking corrective to the traditional representation of the Anglo-Boer War. A s a result they destroy the myths on which Afrikaner nationalism has been built and the Afrikaner is forced to look into his own heart of evil.
What Oom Gert does not tell: Silences and resonances of C. Louis Leipoldt’s ‘Oom Gert vertel’
Authors: Viljoen H.
Published: May 2013

This paper is an attempt to reconstruct the resonance of “Oom Gert vertel” at the time it was written. The story that Oom Gert tells is reread for its silences and unsaid things. Oom Gert’s reticence about his own story, his silence about the politics of the time and his partial view of the devastating effects of martial law are explored against the backdrop of Leipoldt's reports on the trials of Cape rebels in the treason court for the pro-Boer newspaper The South African News and of other reconstructions of the period. From this reading Oom Gert emerges as representing the complexities of the loyalty of Cape Afrikaners. It is postulated that the unsaid historical background, which would have resonated powerfully for Cape Afrikaners of that time, was written out of the poem so that it could fit better into the circumstances of its first publication. Appropriating the poem for Afrikaner nationalism is a misreading.
The rhetoric of conflict and conflict by rhetoric: Ireland and the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902)
Authors: Wessels A.
Published: May 2013

This article investigates the historical context of Irish involvement in the Anglo- Boer War, but focuses on the literary products - mainly popular ballads and partisan historiography - of this involvement. Irish soldiers participated on both sides of the war, not so much because of identification with South African issues as because it afforded them the opportunity of fighting Irish fights on a displaced battle-field. The war thus presages the explosion of Irish/British strife in 1916 and the subsequent Irish Civil War by more than a decade. As in most wars, the struggle was conducted by the pen and by the sword and the popular Irish verse of the time reveals the sentiments of fervent Irish imperialists, defending the causes of Empire, fervent Irish nationalists espousing the Boer cause, as well as movingly suggesting the dilemma of the majority of Irish combatants, fighting for England while sympathizing with the Boers.
’n Oorlog met vele name - standpunte en realiteite oor ‘dié Oorlog’ (1899-1902) in Suid-Afrika
Authors: Van Eeden E. S.
Published: May 2013

The war with many names - viewpoints and realities regarding ‘the War’ (1899-1902) in South AfricaThis article mainly debates the name of the War. Foci which are discussed include the following:• Approaches to the concept of the war - semantically and historically• The variety of names and viewpoints regarding the War• Realities that should be considered.The author concludes her discussion by using semantic and historical realities, as discussed, to suggest a name for this War (on the eve of centenary celebrations) to do justice to this historical event.
Die Afrikaanse poësie vir kykers
Authors: Van der Elst J. , Reinecke C.
Published: May 2013

Afrikaans poetry for viewers The purpose of this article is to create an awareness of the visual or socalled physiognomic aspects of poetry in Afrikaans. Several examples of Afrikaans poems with a visual presence are given. Visuality in poetry is not a new phenomenon. It is of course linked to the emergence of concrete poetry which was formally named thus by Eugen Gomringer and Decio Pignatari in 1955. A fully-fledged and complete volume of concrete or visual poetry in Afrikaans was created by Willem Boshoff during the seventies and published in 1980. The physiognomically striking Afrikaans poems can be classified and studied according to the physical size of the visual element responsible for the overall impact of the poem. Several forms of these elements and their impact on the relevant poems are discussed in this article, which is based on an exploration of more than 500 volumes of poetry, in order to get an overview on visuality in Afrikaans poetry from the beginning of this century until 1989.
Revising Stanley’s footsteps: encountering the ‘other’ in Darkest England (1996) by Christopher Hope
Authors: Roos H.
Published: May 2013

As has now become a familiar image in Hope’s writings, once again ttie idea of looking at a society from the position of an outsider and an exile forms the central theme of Darkest England (1996). In this satirical novel, the tradition of nineteenth-century travel writings set in a colonial context is reversed, undermined, and then remarkably recreated to portray the present-day manifestation of encounters and relations between (black) Africa and the (white) West. Presenting the (fictional) journals of a Khoisan leader, David Mungo Booi, within a dynamic frame of reference to classical colonial texts by, among others, Livingstone and Stanley. Hope writes a new travel report. This essay discusses how, by the reversal of point of view, a change in time and space, and creating a satirical mood, the colonizer and the colonized are interchanged and the original texts are evoked to be rewritten. The notions of Self/Other, colonial /(post-)colonial and primitive/civilized are placed in new and disturbing contexts, adding to the complex structure of this fascinating text.
A close[r] reading of E.E. Cummings’s ‘anti-rationality’
Authors: Terblanche J. E. , De Lange A. M.
Published: May 2013

This article investigates the lingering suspicion prevalent among critics that E.E. Cummings’s poetry is essentially “anti-rational” and refutes this view in terms of a logical and ecological analysis of the sonnet “/ thank You God for most this amazing/day". AJ. Greimas's logical or semiotic square is used to show, firstly, that Cummings’s poetry is quite logical, even logical in the terms employed by those accusing him of anti-rationality; and, secondly, that this logic is part of a more expansive ecological reasonability within his poetry. It is argued that the negative response to Cummings is largely the result of a frame of anti-rationality being superimposed on his work, which, in turn, is based on a narrow dualistic outlook which presents itself as universal and “objective". Seminal responses to Cummings's work (such as those of R.P. Blackmur, Helen Vendler and Edmund Wilson) are examined in this article. The central question posed is what the frame of anti-rationality actually marks or masks - should Cummings’s poetry be shown to be quite rational, after all. In provisional conclusion it is argued that the frame marks or masks a contra-ecological blind spot in terms of which the true values of Cummings's poetry have been consistently overlooked.
‘Waar kom jy aan al jou stories?’
Authors: Aucamp H.
Published: May 2013

Daar is ’n vraag waaraan geen verteller op die duur ontsnap nie, en dis die volgende: “Waar kom jy aan al jou stories?” Soms word dié vraag half verwonderd gestel, soms ligtelik jaloers, soms beskuldigend, byna asof die vraagsteller te kenne wil gee dat die skrywer met bose agente aan ’t onderhandel was.
Science fiction (SF) - wat is eintlik aan die gang?
Authors: Venter D. W.
Published: May 2013

’n Paar jaar gelede was daar ’n uitstalling in die Everard Read Galery in Johannesburg. Dit was ’n versameling kunswerke in die vorm van hologramme en apparaat wat ’n mens die geleentheid gegee het om rekenaargeskepte “skynwerklikhede” of “virtual realities” te ervaar. Die uitstaller was Don Searll en hy het die uitstalling “Haptics” genoem.
Opleiding in skeppende skryfwerk: Die skryfskool aan die Instituut vir Voortgesette Opleiding van UNISA (1985-1993)
Authors: Marais J. L.
Published: May 2013

Vandag is dit in Afrikaans nie meer uitsonderlik om by opleiding in skeppende skryfwerk betrokke te wees nie. Menige skrywer, letterkundige of uitgewer is reeds op een of ander manier daarby betrokke, hetsy as student of kursusganger, of as aanbieder.
Die skryf van kabaret- en liedtekste: Enkele praktiese wenke
Authors: Aucamp H.
Published: May 2013

’n Werkwinkelsessie oor die skryf van kabaret mag nie verval in akademiese spekulasies nie, maar as jy wenke puntsgewyse wil deurgee, soos ek nou gaan doen, kan dit weer maklik lyk of die spreker voorskriftelik wil wees.
Die maak van ’n kies-jou-eie-avontuur-boek
Authors: Preller M.
Published: May 2013

’n Kies-jou-eie-avontuur-boek het nie ’n hoofkarakter nie. Jy die leser, is die hoofkarakter in die boek. Die boek is dus in die tweede persoon geskryf. Alles wat gebeur, gebeur met jou. Jy, die leser, word op spesifieke plekke in die boek voor ’n keuse gestel.
Woord en wonder: ’n Ooppraat ...
Authors: Ferreira E.
Published: May 2013

Hierdie artikel heet "Woord en wonder", ter herinnering aan my en baie van ons se studentedae toe óns koppe oopgepraat en/of -geskryf is deur ’n reeds byna vergete geslag litratore, van wie A.P. Grové met sy gelyknamige klein bundel essays rondom die poësie een van die invloedrykstes was.
Skryf met jou sintuie ...: en ander wenke by die skryf van tydskrifkortverhale
Authors: Maartens M.
Published: May 2013

Dikwels word die volgende vraag deur voornemende skrywers gevra: As jy graag wil skryf en 'n mate van talent openbaar: wat behoort een van jou eerste voornemens te wees? Hierop behoort ’n moontlike antwoord die volgende te wees: Hierdie voorneme bring jou, indien jy dit uitvoer, by die fase waar netjiese woorde bloed, vel, reuk en hart kry.
Teksheid: Die kreatiwiteitsgraad van ’n teks as aanduiding van die grense tussen taaldissiplines
Authors: Du Plessis H.
Published: May 2013

Textness: The degree of creativity of a text as marker of the boundaries between language disciplines In this article it is proposed that the traditional distinction between linguistics and literature poses more questions than it gives answers. In view of the modern academic context of focus areas and research programmes the focus should rather be on the similarities between the subdisciplines of language than on the differences. The growth of creative writing as science and the development of the discipline of language usage as applied in South Africa force us to look afresh at language-related subjects. Text is postulated as the binding factor between the study of linguistics, literature, creative writing and language usage. But text has to be defined in terms of the degree of creativity, thus indicating text as the binding factor of a given text, and creativity as the differentiating factor.
Afstand en vereenselwiging: Perspektiewe op die veranderende betekenisse van boer en Boer in die Afrikaanse poësie
Authors: Van Zyl D.
Published: May 2013

Distance and identification: Perspectives on the changing connotations of boer and Boer in Afrikaans poetry A comparison of various lemmas on boer/Boer in a number of dictionaries, as well as research on the application of these terms in a variety of poetic (and other) texts written during the 19th and 20th century, reveals interesting similarities and dissimilarities regarding both the definition and the utilization of the terms in Afrikaans and Dutch texts. In Afrikaans and in Afrikaans poetry, where Boer (and sometimes boer, under influence of the values attributed to Boer) is often used as an ethnonym, different meanings of the term correspond with the historical, sociological and ideological context. Alternatively, both terms are employed negatively, suggesting a perspective of distance, and positively, implying proximity and identification. The option selected depends on the specific intent and the context, but the terms are often used ambiguously, reflecting a multiplicity of meaning(s).
Die invloed van taalhoudings op onderrigmediumkeuse in Suid-Afrika
Authors: De Wet C.
Published: May 2013

The influence of language attitudes on the choice of the medium of instruction in South Africa The South African Constitution (Act 108 of 1996) recognises language as a basic human right and emphasises the right of choice of every individual with regard to the language of learning and teaching (LOLT). In exercising their democratic language choice, the majority of South African learners and their parents reject their right to mother-tongue education and disregard research findings that emphasise the benefits of mother-tongue instruction. From a study of subject-related literature it has become clear that the masses in South Africa believe that a knowledge of English is the key to economic and political empowerment. Against the background of these findings, the article reports on an empirical study on the language attitudes of undergraduate Education and B.Ed. students at the Bloemfontein and Queenstown campuses of the University of the Free State. The study confirms the findings of the subject-related study to a large extent, namely that English is seen as the key to economic and political empowerment. The opposite is, however, proven by literacy and poverty figures, as well as by studies on blacks’ proficiency in English. Proceeding from the economic, political and educational realities, the article offers a few suggestions for the development of African languages as LOLT.
Assia Djebar, de l'écriture au cinéma
Authors: Ménager S-D
Published: May 2013

Assia Djebar, from writing to filming In 1978 Assia Djebar was already a well established Francophone Algerian woman writer. It was during that year that her first film La nouba des femmes du mont Chenoua was shown in Algerian cinemas. This first attempt was followed by a second film La Zerda ou les chants de I’oubli. These concurrent creative processes show how, for Djebar, writing and filming are two closely linked activities.
Imagining Afrikaners musically: Reflections on the ‘African music’ of Stefans Grové
Authors: Muller S. J.
Published: May 2013

For nearly two decades Stefans Grové has been composing music that absorbs the cultural “Other" of Africa in a manner that defies an easy classification of ‘‘indigenous’’ principles and “exotic” appropriation. His own conception of himself as an African who composes African music challenges the inhibition of “white” Afrikaner culture and revivifies Afrikaner culture as African culture. In so doing, Grové is consciously subverting the myth of a united Africa over against a monolithic "West” - and with it the legitimacy of an autochthonous echt African culture previously excluded by “whites" and Afrikaners. This article takes a closer look at the strategies and techniques involved in this fin de siècle musical imaginings of Afrikaner identity.
Studie van die letterkunde: Waarom?
Authors: Steenberg D. H.
Published: May 2013

Sy woorde laat super-novae uitbars, blink, blink en straal deur ringe en lig-ure. Maar die blink die word deur ons gesien: anders nooit en nooit as blink geweet nie. (NP van Wyk Louw: Groot Ode, Tristia)
Die Keiser (Bartho Smit)
Authors: Schutte N.
Published: May 2013

Uittreksel uit MA-verhandeling Situasie en appelin enkele dramas van Bartho Smit, voltooi in diedepartement Afrikaans-Nederlands, 1980.
Ad fontes - oftewel 'n poging mm Calvyn Afrikaans te laat praat
Authors: Simpson H. W.
Published: May 2013

In die voorgraadse jare word van 'n Latyndosent verwag dat hy Caesar met die studente sal lees en 'n gesaghebbende op die gebied van die klassieke oor— logvoering sal word. In die beginjare van die student se opleiding word Cicero en Vergilius aan horn voorgesit.
Aard, funksie en invloed van die Literatuur
Authors: Van der Elst J.
Published: May 2013

Binne die raam werk van die tema van hierdie simposium gaan dit om twee komponente:die Literatuur, meer bepaald die letterkundige werk of woordkunswerk met sy drie genres endie gemeenskap, die onlvangers of belewers van die Literatuur of doodgewoon die lesers.
Foniese verskynsels in Eline Vere (Louis Couperus)
Authors: Bisschoff A-M.
Published: May 2013

Louis Couperus is seker een van die Nederlandse skrywers wie se werk die meeste aandag van kritici ontvang. Dit is 'n belangs telling wat nog steeds toeneem. Een van die aspekte wat in ’n studie van sy werke beklemtoon word, is die taalverskynsels.
Nie-foniese verskynsels in ‘Eline Vere’ en ‘Iskander’ (Louis Couperus)
Authors: Bisschoff A-M.
Published: May 2013

Hierdie artikel is ’n uittreksel uit Mej Bisschoff sc verhandeling ‘Kristallisering by Louis Couperus’ waarmee sy in 1981 MA (Afrikaans Nederlands) aan die PU vir CHO behaal het. In ’n vorige artikel (Literator, 2(3); 44—47) is gewys op die foniese verskynsels in ‘Eline Vere’.
Vertaling en werklikheidsvisie
Authors: Du Plessis M. J.H.
Published: May 2013

Die klassiekc opvatting van die betekenis van ’n woord is reeds deur Saussure aan die begin van die eeu (1916:97) betwyfel as hy se: “Vir sekere mense is taal ... in sy wese ’n nomenklatuur, dit wil se ’n lys van terme wat ooreenstem met ’n gelyke aantal dinge ... . Hierdie opvatting veronderslel kant en klare idees wat woorde voorafgaan.” Saussure se siening raak die vertaling direk, veral as hy vervolg’ “As woorde voorafgaande begrippe moos weergee, dan sou hulle elk, van een taal na ’n andcr, presies ooreenstemmende weergawes gehad het vir die betekenis” . (Saussure 1916:161).
Bepaaldheids- en onbepaaldheidsrelasies in Elise Muller se ‘Kinders in die skemer’
Authors: Pretorius T.
Published: May 2013

Skrywcrs maak dikwels gebruik van metodes soos nadruk, herhaling en plasing om belangrike sake, of dan sake met tematiese prominensie, voorop te stel en die aandag daarop te vestig. In hierdie verhaal het ons met ’n kundige skryfster te make, wat met groot tegniese vaardigheid en met behulp van bepaaldheid, onbepaaldhcid en anaforiek, sake wat belangrik is vir die inhoud van die verhaal, uitlig en beklemtoon.
Eine Betrachtung von Georg Lukács’ ‘Theorie des Romans’
Authors: Van der Berg B. H.J.
Published: May 2013

In seinen ersten Jahren als Literaturkritikcr, bezieht Lukács eine Gegenposition zu dem wissenschaftlichen Rationalismus. Sein Denken wird cinerseits beeinflußt durch die geisteswissenschaftliche Auffassung Diltheys, der fur die Historic grössere Relevanz beansprucht als fiir die Naturwissenschaft.
A Christian analytic methodology for the structural analysis of poetry: An explication
Authors: Kuschke G. F.T.
Published: May 2013

No sectionalistic psychocritique, thematic review or any positive approach, can comprehensively analyse the totality of a literary text. Such analyses fall short and fail to unlock the poem in its dimensional potentiality. The necessity of an integrated structural approach which will open up, analyse and evaluate poetry in its multi-dimensional/valencial possibilities is thus evident.
Bewussynspanning in woordbeeld: ‘Die Wahlerbrug’ (Elsa Joubert)
Authors: Pretorius J.
Published: May 2013

Hierdie uitsonderlike novelle van Elsa Joubert stem baie ooreen met die prosa van Etienne Leroux, in soverre dit ook die soeke na die self verwoord. Volgens Charles Malan (1979, 17) is hierdie reis na binne, die selfontdekkingstog wat die essensie van sy self aan hom moet openbaar, die enigste moontlike avontuur wat vir die moderne skrywer oorbly. In Die Wahlerbrug word dié soektog op grond van die allesoorheersende wet van die principium individuationis gestileer.