bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of the scattering background produced by dust on the objective lens of the Lijiang 10-cm Coronagraph
Authors: Sha Feiyang , Liu Yu , Zhang Xuefei , Song Tengfei
Published: September 2023

Scattered light from the objective lens, directly exposed to the intense sunlight, is a dominant source of stray light in internally occulted coronagraphs. The variable stray light, such as the scatter of dust on the objective lens, can produce varying scattering backgrounds in coronal images, significantly impacting image quality and data analysis. Through measured data of the Lijiang 10-cm Coronagraph, the quantitative relationship between the distribution of dust on the objective lens and the resulting scattering backgrounds was analyzed. Two models for the scattering background were obtained, by which the original coronal data can be well corrected. The second model, which performs better, gives the scattering background distribution by
${\mbox{Scatter}(r,I_\theta(\theta))=(0.99-0.43r/R_\odot)\times 10^{-7}I_\theta(\theta)/s+0.17-0.1r/R_\odot}$
It indicates that the scattering background at the image plane weakens with increasing height and enhances with increasing dust level on the objective lens. Moreover, we discovered that the dust on the center of the objective lens can contribute more significantly to the scattering background than on the edge. For the first time, this study quantitatively confirms the significant impact of the stray light produced by dust on the objective lens of the coronagraph. It is crucial for the high-precision calibration of ground-based coronagraph data, enabling a more accurate analysis of coronal structure. Furthermore, it will support the provision of reliable observational data for future routine coronal magnetic field measurements using coronagraphs.
Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy of Self-Administered and Professional Antigen-detecting Rapid Diagnostics Tests for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Individuals with or without Symptoms.
Authors: Vanichsetakul Bhawarankorn , Oonsaengchan Teerawich , Krisorakun Wasanai , Siripongboonsitti Taweegrit , Ungtrakul Teerapat , Sornsamdang Gaidganok , Liwruengkul Naroedee , Tawinprai Kriangkrai
Published: September 2023

Limited data exist comparing the diagnostic performance of antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) when collected by healthcare personnel versus self-collection. This single-center study, conducted from October 2021 to January 2022, involved 245 symptomatic and 203 high-risk participants aged above 18. Randomization determined the utilization of two Ag-RDT types: 5T for self-testing and 25T administered by medical professionals. Of the participants, 78 individuals tested positive via RT-PCR, with 67 in the symptomatic group and 11 in the high-risk group. Notably, Ag-RDT displayed excellent performance, achieving an AuROC of 0.93 (95%CI, 0.90–0.97). No significant difference in accuracy between the two Ag-RDT types was found, with AuROC values of 0.92 for self-test and 0.94 for professional test Ag-RDT (p-value = 0.564). Within the symptomatic group, there was a sensitivity of 88.1% (95%CI, 77.8–94.7) and a specificity of 99.3% (95%CI, 96.3–100). In the high-risk group, Ag-RDT showed a sensitivity of 81.8% (95%CI, 48.2–97.7) and a specificity of 100% (95%CI, 98.0–100). This study highlights the equal accuracy of self-administered and professionally conducted Ag-RDT tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection.
The effects of different levels of potassium diformate and calcium diformate on growth, digestion, antioxidant capacity, intestinal flora, stress markers, and some serum biochemical analytes in juvenile Bluga Huso huso
Authors: Sayah Abdollah Beit , Mohammadian Takavar , Mesbah Mehrzad , Jalali Seyedeh Misagh , Tabandeh Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2023

Potassium diformate (KDF) and calcium diformate (CaDF) are organic acids that modulate growth performance, stress, and biochemical status. So, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of potassium diformate and calcium diformate on growth performance, stress markers, oxidant/antioxidant status, microbial flora, and some serum biochemical analytes in juvenile Beluga. Juvenile Bluga fed control food or diet supplemented with different levels of KDF (1, 1.5 and 2 g/Kg) and CADF (1, 1.5 and 2 g/Kg) for 60 days. The results showed that fish fed the %0.15 g/Kg KDF showed the favorable growth value at 30 days and relatively less, %0.15 CaDF improved significantly (P < .05) fish growth performance following 60 days of application (P < .05). The results showed that dietary administration of KDF and CADF significantly (P < .05) increased digestive enzymes. Moreover, elevated biochemical parameters were observed in H. huso fed KDF and CaDF supplemented the diet. Serum oxidant/antioxidant status was significantly (P < 0.05) improved in the KDF and CaDF treatments than the control group. Moreover, dietary administration of KDF and CaDF significantly (P < .05) decreased stress markers of H. huso after 60 days. The liver enzymes activities considerably altered in the KDF and CaDF groups compared with the control group after 60 days. Furthermore, dietary administration of KDF and CaDF significantly (P < .05) increased intestinal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of H. huso after 60 days. Based on the results of this study, it appears that incorporating KDF and CADF into the diet of H. huso can have positive effects on their growth performance and physiological response. The study found that a short-term use of 0.15% g/kg of KDF for 30 days was the most effective in promoting growth. However, the potential use of 0.2% g/kg of KDF and 0.15% g/kg of CaDF for a longer period of 60 days may also be beneficial.
Image filtering using Anisotropic Diffusion for Brain tumor detection
Authors: Hiremath Shilpa , Rani A Shobha
Published: September 2023

A crucial component of medical application is brain tumor analysis. It provides a significant quantity of structural and practical information, which simplifies disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Early tumor diagnosis improves treatment outcomes and ensures the patient's survival. The difficulty of manually segmenting many magnetic resonance pictures increases the likelihood of human error. Therefore, higher accuracy computer-aided detection is required for rapid tumor identification. Using anisotropic diffusion filtering, Otsu threshold segmentation, and morphological procedures, respectively, this work offers computer-aided (CAD) techniques for noise reduction, segmentation, and detection of tumor area in MR images. Additionally, the simulation outcomes demonstrate that anisotropic diffusion and otsu thresholding excels above all other filtering and segmentation combination.
Design of robust optimal gain scheduling Mixed fuzzy logic controller and gain scheduling decentralised fuzzy logic controller for a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Authors: B puviyarasi
Published: September 2023

Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) is a process used by refineries to convert heavy oil fractions into lighter products such as gasoline and diesel fuel. It involves breaking down large molecules into smaller ones using a catalyst and high temperatures. The FCCU process is an important part of the refining process, as it increases the yield of valuable products. The FCCU has become the benchmark for many advanced control techniques in recent decades. Both the academic and the industrial researchers show interest in developing a new control algorithm for the efficient industrial FCCU implementation in-order to attain economic and efficient test bench. As a highly non-linear and interacting process, modeling and controlling FCCU is a difficult problem. In this study, the simulation response of gain scheduling decentralised mixed fuzzy logic controller (GSM-FLC) and gain scheduling decentralised fuzzy logic controller (GSD-FLC) are attained on the FCCU process. Real-coded genetic algorithms (RGAs) are used to optimize GSD-FLC and GSM-FLC parameters such as membership functions, rules, and scale factors. Finally, the simulated results are used to compare the response of the, GSD-FLC scheme and GSM-FLC scheme.
Nomogram predicting long-term cardiac mortality in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Yu Fengyi , Liu Zhiyu , Lv Yan , Wang Yunzhe , Tang Junnan , Zhang Jinying
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This study aims at developing a prognostic nomogram base on traditional clinical parameters to predict cardiac mortality of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods
The data was collected from patients diagnosed T2DM and CAD in the first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2012 to December 2016 with clinical and follow-up information intact. A total of 448 patients were involved in the study and randomly divided into training and testing cohorts using a 7:3 ratio. The risk factors involved in the model were selected by Cox regression analysis in the training cohort and validated in the testing cohort.
Results
The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the Gensini score (HR 1.01, 95%CI 1-1.02, p = 0.003), left ventricular ejection fraction (HR 0.95, 95%CI 0.91–0.98, p = 0.001), age (HR 1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.1, p = 0.010) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (HR 0.98, 95%CI 0.96-1, p = 0.038) were independent risk factors for cardiac death. The nomogram was established with a AUC of 1-, 3- and 5-year at 0.90, 0.91 and 0.86 in the training cohort, 0.97, 0.97 and 0.87 in the validation cohort. The KM curve revealed that rate of cumulative cardiac death was significantly higher in the high-risk group stratified with Youden’s Index of the predicted risk (Log Rank p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The nomogram containing readily available parameters from clinic performed well for cardiac mortality in patients with T2DM and CAD.
Trial registration number and date of registration: 2022-KY-1053 (August 16, 2022)
Characterization of patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma arising in hidradenitis suppurativa from a racially and ethnically diverse population
Authors: Toker Michelle , Pattison Lindsay , Srivast Pooja , Amin Bijal , McLellan Beth N. , Cohen Steven R.
Published: September 2023

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a lethal consequence of longstanding hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), yet there is limited knowledge regarding this complication. While some risk factors have been identified, including human papillomavirus and smoking, other variables such as obesity, socioeconomic status (SES), and human immunodeficiency virus, have yet to be assessed. Furthermore, previous studies of HS-associated cSCC have predominantly examined White individuals. We evaluate the comorbidities and clinical characteristics of patients with cSCC arising in HS who received their care at a diverse medical center, thereby adding to the limited racial and ethnic representation of this rare, potentially life-threatening neoplasm. Screening a total of 6960 patients with HS, we identified 7 (approximately 0.1%) patients who met criteria for cSCC-in situ or cSCC in the setting of pre-existing HS lesions. All patients were Black or Hispanic and the majority were female, smoked tobacco, experienced metabolic syndrome, required multiple cutaneous biopsies for a definitive diagnosis of cSCC, and had low SES. Compared to previous cohorts, our skin of color patients had diminished rates of cSCC metastasis and mortality, and shorter time intervals between HS and cSCC diagnoses. Assessing the clinical and prognostic features of this complication in diverse patient populations is essential given that HS may be more prevalent in patients of color. We also explore numerous unique risk factors to better understand the pathogenesis of this grave complication.
Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals bioaccumulation in Ganges fish near Varanasi, India
Authors: Mishra Bhargawi , Gautam Geeta J. , Chaturvedi Rajnish Kumar , Ansari Nasreen Ghazi , Mishra Vijaya
Published: September 2023

Heavy metal contamination in river Ganga is one of the factor for deterioration in its water quality, also adds to human health risks. We designed our study to achieve a holistic approach by not only estimating the concentration of heavy metals (Lead, Manganese, Chromium and Cadmium) in the river water at different sites based on human anthropogenic activities but also in the fishes residing in the same sites that are collected for human consumption on daily basis. We found, Ganga river in Varanasi is highly loaded with metals (PLI = 6.698) Mean concentration in water was: Pb 1.29 mg/L, Mn 1.325 mg/L, Cr 0.169 mg/L and Cd 0.161mg/L, which were above the permissible limits stated by Environment Protection Agency (EPA) in drinking water. Fishes including exotic and invasive species were collected from the wild and were processed for the presence of these metals in their living tissues. Degree of heavy metal concentration followed liver > gills > muscles. Highest accumulation of Pb was observed in Carpio (Cyprinus carpio) liver (8.86 µg/g) and lowest in Baikari (Clupisoma garua) muscles (0.07 µg/g). Total Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) value i.e. hazard index (HI) showed values in following sequence: C.carpio > O. nilotus > C.punctatus > J.coitor > M.armatus > M.tengara > Baikari. Maximum HI was recorded in Carpio, which is highly consumed fish by human, hence may be harmful to them.
Genetic Variation and Monophyletic Assembly of HIV-1 strains among infected patients within Libyan Community
Authors:   Mohamed Ali Daw1, El-Bouzedi Abdallah H ,   Mohamed Omar Ahmed 3
Published: September 2023

A preliminary study was carried out on a total of 371 AIDS patients from different regions of Libya investigating the genetic variability of HIV-1 strains. The patients studied were from four regions including ; Western region 135 (36.4%), Eastern region 98 (26.4%), Meddle region (85 (22.9%), and 53 (14.3%) Southern region. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 197 (53.1%) samples were subtype B followed by 78(21%) subtype A and CRF02_AG 96(18.6%). CRF02_AG strain was isolated from the Eastern region (P < 0.001) and was less distributed with other regions. Although subtypes B and A showed equal distribution within other regions. The genetic diversity of the HIV-1 strain was evident in Western, Central, and Southern regions. Although strains from the Eastern region were found to be persistently monophyletic. Compared with other sub-Saharan and North African countries, the genetic subtype distribution of HIV-1 strains in Libya is very heterogeneous in most of the regions a part form the eastern region. The strain isolated from patients in the Eastern region is unique for several reasons: being monophyletic and highly persistent and rarely reported in other regions. Therefore, monitoring and following the continuity of spread of the HIV is essential for determining public health priorities, assessing the impact of interventions, and estimating current and future healthcare needs.
Treatment withβ-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol reduces non- parenchymal cell responses in LPS/D-Galn-induced liver injury
Authors: Wu Yuchao , Ni Tianzhi , Zhang Mengmeng , Fu Shan , Ren Danfeng , Feng Yali , Zhang Ze , Zhao Yingren , He Yingli , Yang Yuan , Tian Zhen , Yan Taotao , Liu Jinfeng
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims
There is growing evidence suggesting the involvement of sympathetic nervous system(SNS) in the development of liver disease. In order to gain a better understanding of the unknown mechanism by which the SNS reduces inflammatory harm through non-parenchymal liver cells(NPCs) during acute liver failure (ALF), we utilized isoproterenol (ISO), a beta-adrenoceptor agonist to mimic SNS signaling.
Methods
C57BL/6J mice were administered ISO in an ALF model established using LPS/D-GalN. Tandem mass tag(TMT) labeling proteomic analysis was employed to identify screen for differentially expressed proteins (DEPs).
Results
Pretreatment with ISO resulted in a reduction of LPS-stimulated inflammation signaling markers, speciallyMapk14 and NF-kB in human THP-1 cells. Additionally, ISO administration led to a decreasein serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in ALF mice, thereby mitigating liver damage. Through TMT analysis, a total of 1587 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in isolated NPCs. Notably, over 60% of the DEPs observed in the ISO vs. ALF comparison were also found in the Con vs. ALF comparison. Enrichment analysis revealed that the DEPs influenced by ISO treatment were associated with heme and fatty acid metabolism, interferon gamma response, TNFA signaling pathway and mitochondrial oxidation function. PPI network analysis indicated Mapk14 and Caspase3 signaling may serve as potentially valuable indicators of ISO intervention. Specifically, the markers on activate macrophages were identified downregulated in ISO initiation, such as Mapk14, Casp1, Casp8, and Mrc1. ISO treatment increased the abundance of anti-inflammatory markers in macrophages, as evidenced by the immunohistochemistry(IHC) slides showing an increase in Arg+ staining, and a reduction in iNOS+ cell infiltration.
Conclusion
Prior treatment with ISO could potentially modulate the biological functions of NPCs and may serve as an innovative pharmacotherapy for the purpose of delaying the pathogenesis and progression of ALF.
Review and Content Analysis of Textual Expressions as a Marker for Depressive and Anxiety Disorders (DAD) Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sharma Chandra Mani , Damani Darsh , Chariar Vijayaraghavan M.
Published: September 2023

Background
Depressive disorders (including major depressive disorder and dysthymia) and anxiety (generalized anxiety disorder or GAD) disorders are the two most prevalent mental illnesses. Early diagnosis of these afflictions can lead to cost-effective treatment with a better outcome prospectus. With the advent of digital technology and platforms, people express themselves by various means, such as social media posts, blogs, journals, instant messaging services, etc. Text remains the most common and convenient form of expression. Therefore, it can be used to predict the onset of anxiety and depression.
Methods
Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases were used to retrieve the relevant literature using a set of predefined search strings. Irrelevant publications were filtered using multiple criteria. The research meta data was subsequently analyzed using the Biblioshiny Tool of R. Finally, a comparative analysis of most suitable documents is presented.
Results
A total of 103 documents were used for bibliometric mapping in terms of research outcome over the past years, productivity of authors, institutions, and countries, collaborations, trend topics, keyword co-occurrence, etc. Neural networks and support vector machines are the most popular ML techniques; word embeddings are extensively used for text representations. There is a shift toward using multiple modalities. SVM, Naive Bayes, and LSTM are the most commonly used ML methods; social media is the most commonly used source of data (Twitter is the most common platform); and audio is the most commonly used modality that is combined with text for depressive and anxiety disorders (DAD) detection.
Conclusions
Asian countries are leading in the research output with China and India being the top countries in terms of the number of research publications. However, more international collaborations are needed. Limited research exists for anxiety disorders. Co-occurrence of anxiety and depressive disorders is high (33% of studies).
Design of Intelligent Channelizer for Extracting Signals of Arbitrary Centre Frequency and Bandwidth
Authors: Jones Keith John
Published: September 2023

There are two standard approaches to the problem of wideband signal channelization, namely those based upon the use of a digital down conversion (DDC) unit and those based upon the use of a polyphase discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or PDFT. There are clear advantages and disadvantages with both approaches, however, in that: a) with the DDC approach, optimal performance and flexibility is obtained but at the expense of a heavy computational load; whereas b) with the PDFT approach, a suboptimal and less flexible performance is obtained but at a greatly reduced computational cost through the exploitation of a suitably defined fast Fourier transform (FFT). An intelligent channelizer is described herein which possesses a flexible design able to exploit the merits of both approaches for the case where the input data comprises real valued samples. The two key design features are: a) optimal setting of the PDFT parameters to ensure that for every signal of interest there is at least one channel completely containing it; and b) simultaneous computation of two realdata FFTs: the first as required by the PDFT and the second, a high-resolution FFT with high update rate, able to accurately direct the application of the low-rate DDC units to the relevant PDFT channel outputs.
A Novel Fuzzy Knowledge Graph Pairs-based Model in extreme cases for Hepatitis Sign Diagnosis
Authors: Khanh Phan Hung , Long Cu Kim , Hai Pham Van
Published: September 2023

Recently, machine learning models based on fuzzy inference systems have effectively solved problems in medical diagnosis and received much attention from researchers around the world. For example, Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), Mamdani Complex Fuzzy Inference System with Rule Reduction (M-CFIS-R), Mamdani Complex Fuzzy Inference System with Fuzzy Knowledge Graph (M-CFIS-FKG), and Fuzzy Knowledge Graph Pairs (FKG-Pairs) have been proposed. These machine-learning models have successfully solved most of the disease diagnosis problems based on complex symtom datasets with some characteristics such as amplitude and phase term, uncertain or incomplete input information. However, these models have revealed limitations when dealing with decision-making or disease diagnosis problems in extreme cases (where training datasets are too small or input datasets are large). To overcome this challenge, the FKG-Extreme model, based on FKG-Pairs combined with Q-learning techniques, has been proposed. In order to promote the practical application of the theoretical model FKG-Extreme, a model for Hepatitis Sign Diagnosis has been proposed in this paper. A simulation application of the proposed model has been built, and experimental results have been carried out based on the Liver dataset collected from the UCI machine learning repository, with results in terms of accuracy 13.3% higher than the FKG-Pairs model. Furthermore, some measures (Precision, Recall, and F1-Score) have also been used to evaluate performance and demonstrate that the proposed model has high reliability.
Investigating the effect of a zeolitic imidazolate framework, ZIF-8, on the phase transition and thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate
Authors: Kazemshoar-Duzduzani R. , Mousaviazar A. , Ghani K. , Jafari M.
Published: September 2023

Ammonium nitrate (AN) is a well-known energetic material that is used as a chlorine-free oxidizer for substituting the ammonium perchlorate in composite and gas generators propellants. In this work, the phase transitions and the thermal decomposition of AN was investigated under the influence of a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8). Different percentages of AN/ZIF-8, i.e., 0.95:0.05, 0.9:0.1, and 0.85:0.15, were prepared by the solvent and mechanical methods, and their phase transition and thermal decomposition have been studied by TG-DSC. To investigate the interactions between AN and ZIF-8, the UV–Vis-DRS, XRD, and FT-IR techniques were used. Accordingly, ZIF-8, despite its low weight percentage, stabilized the AN up to 125°C and improved its thermal decomposition behavior. In addition, the catalytic combustion of AN/ZIF-8 species showed exothermic peaks. Moreover, the results showed that ZIF-8, due to its Lewis acid-base sites as well as the porous structure, could be stated as an excellent catalyst that improves the AN thermal decomposition and removes its inappropriate phase transitions.
Dissimilar accumulation of human β-amyloid and tau from enriched extracts in neuronal and endothelial cells
Authors: Rabanal-Ruiz Yoana , Pedrero-Prieto Cristina M , Sanchez-Rodriguez Lucía , Flores-Cuadrado Alicia , Saiz-Sanchez Daniel , Frontiñan-Rubio Javier , Ubeda-Bañon Isabel , Duran-Prado Mario , Martinez-marcos Alino , Peinado Juan R
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: While Aβ and Tau cellular distribution has been largely studied, the comparative internalization and subcellular accumulation of Tau and Aβ isolated from human brain extracts in endothelial and neuronal cells has not yet been unveiled. We have previously demonstrated that controlled enrichment of Aβ from human brain extracts constitutes a valuable tool to monitor cellular internalizationin vitroandin vivo. METHODS: Herein, we establish an alternative method to strongly enrich Aβ and Tau aggregates from human AD brains, which has allowed us to study and compare the cellular internalization, distribution and toxicity of both proteins within brain barrier endothelial (bEnd.3) and neuronal (Neuro2A) cells. RESULTS: Our findings demonstrate the suitability of human enriched brain extracts to monitor the intracellular distribution of human Aβ and Tau, which, once internalized, show dissimilar sorting to different organelles within the cell and differential toxicity, exhibiting higher toxic effects on neuronal cells than on endothelial cells. While tau is strongly concentrated preferentially in mitochondria, Aβ is distributed predominantly within the endolysosomal system in endothelial cells, whereas the endoplasmic reticulum was its preferential location in neurons. Altogether, our findings display a picture of the cellular events that might occur in AD. CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring the transit of internalized human Aβ and tau comparatively uncovers, for the first time, differences regarding their accumulation within the endolysosomal system, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and autophagosomes, which might explain their differential cell-dependent toxicity. Overall, this study constitutes the first approach aimed at identifying the mechanism used by Aβ, tau and potential cofactors to exert cellular toxicity. Future studies must address the consequences of the accumulation of these proteins in different organelles and their relation to cell-to-cell transmission proposed for both proteins as part of the prion-like hypothesis of AD.
AI-Enhanced Security Demand and Routing Management for MANETs with Optical Technologies
Authors: Jia Xuetao , Huang Donggui , Qin Na
Published: September 2023

The proliferation of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs), where nodes connect with one another to offer the required real-time entertainment services, is where academics are focusing more attention as a result of recent breakthroughs in wireless communication. Decentralised design and wireless connection of MANETs, however, make building safe routing a difficult problem. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and optical technologies have attracted a lot of attention as a way to address these security issues and improve network performance. This study uses a machine learning model to provide a unique security management and routing management method for MANETs. Here, trust-based multi-tier honey pot analysis with stacked reinforcement learning (MHSRL) is used to monitor the security of the network. The linear gradient Distance Vector dynamic Mamdani routing system (LGDVDMR) is used to regulate network routing.For different security-based datasets, experimental analysis is done in terms of throughput, end-end latency, packet delivery ratio, and trust analysis. Generated graph executes both the performance graph and the packet drop. The results of research studies indicate that our method locates the closest node that is the safest and finds problematic nodes with a tolerable load.Proposed technique attained throughput 96%, trust analysis 98%, end-end delay of 59%, packet delivery ratio of 79%.
%diag_test: A Generic SAS Macro for Evaluating Diagnostic Accuracy Measures for Multiple Diagnostic Tests
Authors: Muthusi Jacques , Young Peter W. , Mboya Frankline O. , Mwalili Samuel M.
Published: September 2023

Background
Measures of diagnostic test accuracy provide evidence of how well a test correctly identifies or rules-out disease. Commonly used diagnostic accuracy measures include sensitivity and specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC), the area under precision-recall curves (AUPRC), diagnostic effectiveness (accuracy), disease prevalence, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) etc. Most available analysis tools perform accuracy testing for a single diagnostic test using summarized data. We developed a SAS macro for evaluating multiple diagnostic tests using individual-level data that creates a 2x2 summary table, AUROC and AUPRC as part of output.
Methods
The SAS macro presented here is automated to reduce analysis time and transcription errors. It is simple to use as the user only needs to specify the input dataset, “standard” and “test” variables and threshold values. It creates a publication-quality output in Microsoft Word and Excel showing more than 15 different accuracy measures together with overlaid AUROC and AUPRC graphics to help the researcher in making decisions to adopt or reject diagnostic tests. Further, it provides for additional variance estimation methods other than the normal distribution approximation.
Results
We tested the macro for quality control purposes by reproducing results from published work on evaluation of multiple types of dried blood spots (DBS) as an alternative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral load (VL) monitoring in resource-limited settings compared to plasma, the gold-standard. Plasma viral load reagents are costly, and blood must be prepared in a reference laboratory setting by a qualified technician. On the other hand, DBS are easy to prepare without these restrictions. This study evaluated the suitability of DBS from venous, microcapillary and direct spotting DBS, hence multiple diagnostic tests which were compared to plasma.
Conclusion
The SAS macro presented here is a powerful analytic tool for analyzing data from multiple diagnostic tests. The SAS programmer can modify the source code to include other diagnostic measures and variance estimation methods. By automating analysis, the macro adds value by saving analysis time, reducing transcription errors, and producing publication-quality outputs.
Hypergraph Convolution Mix DDPG for Multi-Aerial Base Station Deployment
Authors: He Haoran , Zhou Fanqin , Zhao Yikun , Li Wenjing , Feng Lei
Published: September 2023

Aerial base station (AeBS), as crucial components of air-ground integrated networks, can serve as the edge nodes of the edge-cloud computing network. Optimizing the deployment of multiple AeBSs to maximize system energy efficiency is currently a prominent and actively researched topic. In this paper, we deploy AeBSs using multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL). We describe the multi-AeBS deployment challenge as a decentralized partially observable Markov decision process (Dec-POMDP), taking into consideration the constrained observation range of AeBSs. The hypergraph convolution mix deep deterministic policy gradient (HCMIX-DDPG) algorithm is designed to maximize the system energy efficiency. The proposed algorithm uses the value decomposition framework to solve the lazy agent problem, and hypergraph convolutional (HGCN) network is introduced to strengthen the cooperative relationship between agents. The suggested HCMIX-DDPG algorithm outperforms alternative baseline algorithms in the multi-AeBS deployment scenario, according to simulation results.
AEformer: Asymmetric Embedding Transformer for Stock Market Prediction based on Investor Sentiment
Authors: Jiang Linling , Yue Songtao , Zhang Mingli , Zhang Fan
Published: September 2023

Stock market prediction is an essential topic in economics. However, owing to the noise and volatility of the stock market, timely market prediction is generally considered one of the most challenging problems. Several researchers have introduced investor sentiment into stock prediction models and have achieved good results. Applying investor sentiment to high-frequency stock price forecasts can lead to risk aversion and improved returns. We have designed a model for high-frequency stock price prediction known as asymmetric embedding transformer (AEformer) that uses investor sentiment. We filtered stock comments using category information and enhanced the utilization of investor sentiment for stock prediction by incorporating an asymmetric embedding layer combined with a channel-wise independent self-attention mechanism. The experimental results show that AEformer outperforms the other models in high-frequency stock predictions using investor sentiment. Moreover, the asymmetric embedding layer is effective in improving the forecasting performance of transformer-based models.
Unilateral Testicular infarction a very rare complication of genitourinary tuberculosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Issack Feysel Hassen
Published: September 2023

Background: Tuberculosis is the most ubiquitous infectious disease and is associated with a large number of morbidities and mortalities. It is primarily a disease of the lungs but also affects every organ. In its initial military, its deposits spread to genitourinary organs, although this is not the only mechanism of spread. Isolated genital TB is rare, but testicular infarction is an unusual complication of delayed management, in which surgical intervention is warranted.
Case presentation: A 29-year-old male non-smoker presents with painful left scrotal pain of 21 days. Initially managed with intravenous antibiotics, the disease progressed and resulted in testicular infarction. Left orchiectomy was performed, and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination, which revealed features consistent with a testicular tuberculous abscess.
Conclusion: Tuberculous Epididymoorchitis (TBEO) with testicular infarction was unusual. It is prudent to consider this in patients presenting with long-standing urinary symptoms, particularly in those unresponsive to the initial antibiotic therapy. It requires a high index of suspicion, especially in TB endemic areas.
Targeting Dormant Disseminated Tumor Cells and their Permissive Niche by Pro-Resolving Mediators Derived from Resolution-Phase Macrophages.
Authors: Gilon-Zaltsman Odelya , Weidenfeld Keren , Samara Hadeel , Feuermann Yonatan , Michaeli-Ashkenasi Shira , Schif-Zuck Sagie , Von Huth Palle , Butenko Sergei , Assi Simaan , Sabo Edmond , Ariel Amiram , Barkan Dalit
Published: September 2023

Metastatic breast cancer can recur years after initial treatments and arise from quiescent disseminated tumor cells (QDTC). To date there are no treatments to target QDTCs. Previously, the fibrotic-like niche (FLN) enriched with Type I collagen (Col-I) was shown to be required for the switch of QDTC to overt metastases. Here, we examined whether reinstating resolution of inflammation, by using soluble mediators secreted by ex-vivo generated pro-resolving CD11blow macrophages (CM-Mres), will prevent FLN establishment and in turn hinder QDTC outgrowth. Our findings indicate that CM-Mres promoted immune silencing at the metastatic site as part of the resolution process and inhibited the FLN resulting in the inhibition of the metastatic outgrowth in vitro and in vivo. This was due to inhibition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts differentiation independent of TGFβ1 canonical signaling and the abolishment of Col-I expression. Furthermore, CM-Mres eliminated myofibroblasts by inducing an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) via NADPH oxidase leading to DNA damage and apoptosis. Moreover, ROS–mediated apoptosis was also induced by CM-Mres in the dormant and outgrowing QDTCs. Overall, our findings suggest for the first time that pro-resolving mediators can target both QDTCs and their permissive niche thus preventing breast cancer from recuring.
Gas exchanges and morphometric measurements of a variety of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) (Cannabaceae) grown in subtropical conditions under organic and conventional management
Authors: Neves Caio Scardini , Aires Eduardo Santana , Fortuna Gabriel Cássia , Campos Olivia Pak , Gomes Jordany Aparecida de Oliveira , Ono Elizabeth Orika , Rodrigues João Domingos , Bonfim Filipe Pereira Giardini
Published: September 2023

Hops are native to the Northern Hemisphere and are widespread throughout the world; in Brazil, crops are grown on a small scale. How management differentiation can affect the physiological development of crops in subtropical climates is not well studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and morphometric performance of five hop varieties under organic and conventional management. These experiments were conducted at Lageado Farm, at the campus of São Paulo State University in Botucatu. A 2 x 5 factorial design was adopted, with the main factor being the cultivation system (organic and conventional) and the secondary factor being the hop varieties (Cascade, Columbus, Chinook, Hallertau Mittelfrüeh and Nugget). The cultivation systems differed by fertilization and phytosanitary management. Analyses of gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence were performed during the vegetative development of the plants and during branch elongation. Morphometric analyses of the plants were performed to determine the number of internodes (22.40; 18.20) and the heights of the plants (201.09; 131.07), with organic and conventional treatment, respectively. All the varieties showed satisfactory physiological and morphometric performance; however, plants grown under organic management had better results than those grown under the conventional cropping system. Lastly, we measured the potential efficiency of PSII; Hallertau M. (0.89), Nugget (0.89) and Columbus (0.88) presented the highest measurements, and the lowest values were observed in Cascade (0.86) and Chinook (0.85). In general, Hallertau M. and Columbus had the highest gas exchange values, while Cascade had the lowest.
Consumers’ Intention to Switch from Green and Conventional Cosmetics
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Jl. SWK Jl. Ring Road Utara No.104, Ngropoh, Condongcatur, Kec. Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55283, Indonesia, Mawar Firdausi Asri Sekar , Septia Rahma Resita ,   Politeknik Piksi Input Serang, Jl. Raya Cilegon No.km.8, Serang, Kec. Kramatwatu, Kabupaten Serang, Banten 42161, Indonesia, Afriani Lita Ningrum ,   Politeknik Madyathika Purbalingga, Kedung Menjangan, Kec. Purbalingga, Kabupaten Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Published: September 2023

Consumers play an essential role in consuming activities since it can impact environmental preservation. However, previous research stated that the ineffectiveness of green products resulted in consumers choosing to use conventional products. Hence, this study aims to determine the factors that cause consumers to switch from green products to conventional products in cosmetics. The theory applied in explaining the phenomenon is migration theory by using the push-pull-mooring framework. The subjects of this study were 205 green cosmetics consumers who collected the data using questionnaires. Based on the results of data analysis, the pull factors and push factors are the most decisive factors that influence the consumers switching intention to conventional cosmetics. Meanwhile, the mooring factors does not moderate the push and pull factors on the customers’ switching intentions to conventional cosmetics.
Patterns, Determinants and Challenges of Horticulture Diversification in India
Authors: Meena Akshay , Kumar Ajay , Meena Anita
Published: September 2023

This study attempts to analyze the trends and patterns of horticulture diversification in India, the differences between states in diversification toward highvalue crops, and identify the factors influencing horticulture diversification. Total horticulture crops have shown moderate diversification. Among horticulture crops, Fruits, plantation crops and spices have exhibited high diversification, whereas high and moderate diversification have been recorded for vegetables during the period under study.The states Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh,Bihar,Gujrat, Kerala, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, Meghalaya,Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram, Maharashtra, Manipur, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Odisha, Sikkim, Tripura, Telangana, Tamil Nadu,Uttar Pradesh have shown high diversification whereas Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Uttarakhand have displayed moderate diversification in the year 2020-21. Per capita income, annual rainfall, and lagged SID for total horticulture crops all have positive effects on horticulture diversification, whereas fertilizer consumption has a negative effect.
Reason for less water supply shortages under climate change condition: evaluation of future rainfall data
Authors: Ma Jeong-Hyeok , Yoo Chulsang , Na Wooyoung , Lee Jong-Sub
Published: September 2023

This study evaluates the appropriateness of general circulation model-based future rainfall data used in Korea. The evaluation is done through the analysis of long-term occurrence characteristics of dry years, as well as the analysis of the water supply system including the daily based rainfall-runoff analysis and reservoir operation. This study considers the Boryeong Dam basin in Korea as a study basin. Summarizing the results is as follows. First, the future rainfall data show that the occurrence frequency of dry years is similar to the observed, but the occurrence frequency of consecutive multi-year dry years is far smaller than the observed. Second, the future rainfall data result in no or far less water supply shortages. This is mainly due to the fact that the Boryeong Dam has the ability to overcome the one-year drought and the future rainfall data contain far fewer multi-year droughts. However, these results clearly indicate the problems of the future rainfall data, especially in the long-term persistence of rainfall. It is thus disappointing that these future climate rainfall data may not be used to evaluate the water supply system in the future, at least in the Boryeong Dam basin.
Metadiscurso em "cadê teu suin-?", de Los hermanos: alguma ruptura no sistema (re)produtivo literomusical
Authors: Das Dores Nogueira Mendes Maria , Canuto Silva Rebeca
Published: September 2023

Este artigo objetiva analisar como as estratégias metadiscursivas presentes na canção “Cadê teu suín?”, lançada no início dos anos 2000, pela banda brasileira Los Hermanos, atuam na construção de uma forte crítica à massificação da indústria fonográfica. Quanto à fundamentação teórica, utilizamos também os conceitos de imitação por subversão e de cenas de enunciação (MAINGUENEAU, 1989, 1988, 2005) que, aplicados ao fonograma da referida canção, renderam os seguintes resultados: a) a cenografia mobilizada é dialogal e composta por quatro partes: acusação da gravadora, defesa do cantautor (banda), réplica e tréplica; b) a crítica à indústria cultural é construída, na primeira parte da canção, pela imitação subversiva das regras impostas pela gravadora e pela coincidência do papel de cantautor (banda), suscitado pela cena genérica da canção, com o de “acusado” de insurgência contra o mercado fonográfico; c) a revanche do cantautor, encenada no diálogo como uma crítica às regras mercadológicas, mostra que ainda que as cumpra por necessidade, isso não o fará perder o seu poder de criatividade e autonomia artística.
Quanto de “Canto dos Malditos”, a autobiografia que alavancou a reforma psiquiátrica no Brasil, há em “Bicho de Sete Cabeças”
Authors: Rabelo Câmara Yls , Rabelo Câmara Yzy Maria
Published: September 2023

Neste artigo, uma pesquisa bibliográfica, mostramos um paralelo entre o livro Canto dos Malditos – a autobiografia de Austregésilo Carrano Bueno, a única e polêmica obra deste autor que ajudou a instaurar a Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil – e sua adaptação para o cinema sob o título Bicho de Sete Cabeças, um de nossos filmes mais premiados. Primeiramente apresentamos a obra de Bueno; em seguida, comparamos as muitas coincidências e poucas divergências entre o texto-fonte e o filme e, por último, fazemos uma análise da transposição midiática (RAJEWSKY, 2012) e intersemiótica (CLÜVER, 2006) entre as duas artes. Concluímos que este é um dos casos nos quais a adaptação fílmica de uma obra escrita é feita de maneira a se manter o diálogo entre ambas preservado, respeitando o teor de veracidade e o limite aceitável de licenças poéticas que transposições midiáticas podem e/ou devem manter, como o foi neste caso.
Do que é feita a diversidade na EJA? Compreensões a partir das Epistemologias do Sul
Authors: De Azevedo Palhares Emanuella , Da Silva Francisco Canindé
Published: September 2023

Este artigo consiste em reconhecer a diversidade dos sujeitos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) como forma de credibilizar e legitimar saberes, fazeres e lutas de grupos socialmente marginalizados presentes nessa modalidade de ensino, mas que têm sido invisibilizados. Nesta pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, apresentam-se maneiras de como os conhecimentossignificações (Andrade, Caldas, Alves, 2019) acerca da diversidade vêm sendo produzidos no âmbito das pesquisas acadêmicas. Teoricamente, utiliza-se a abordagem das Epistemologias do Sul (Santos, 2009, 2020) e da Colonialidade do Poder (Quijano, 2005, 2009), enquanto referências possíveis de melhor perceber-destacar e construir inéditos-viáveis (Freire, 2002) à modalidade, evitando o epistemicídio de saberes e o desperdício de experiências. Esperamos que este estudo possibilite reviravoltas epistemológicas que resultem na superação de categorias unidimensionais que têm orientado práticas pedagógicas, curriculares da EJA.
The most Recent Compilation of Reactions of Enaminone Derivatives with
various Amine Derivatives to Generate Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Farghaly Thoraya A. , Alosaimy Amal M. , Al-Qurashi Nadia T. , Masaret Ghada S. , Abdulwahab Hanan Gaber
Published: September 2023

Heterocyclic derivatives serve as the fundamental components of both natural and synthetic
drugs. Enaminones play a crucial role as foundational units in the synthesis of numerous bioactive
heterocyclic compounds, including pyrazoles, pyridines, oxazoles, isoxazoles, as well as fused heterocyclic
structures like indoles, carbazoles, quinolines, acridines, and phenanthridines. These diverse
heterocyclic rings are well-known for their various therapeutic activities, encompassing anticancer,
anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidepressant, and antiviral properties. By reacting with nitrogenbased
nucleophiles, enaminones can generate bioactive azoles, azines, and their fused systems. This
comprehensive review article focuses on the recent advancements in enaminone reactions with (a)
nitrogen-based nucleophiles, such as aliphatic amines, derivatives of aniline, heterocyclic amines, hydroxylamine,
hydrazine derivatives, guanidine derivatives, urea, and thiourea derivatives, and (b) nitrogen-
based electrophiles, such as diazonium salts. These reactions have led to the synthesis of a
wide range of bioactive fused heterocyclic compounds from 2010 to the end of 2022.