bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KIRAN DESAI’S NOVEL, THE INHERITANCE OF LOSS, A RICH PROJECTION TO THE POSTCOLONIAL PANORAMA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
Authors: KANTAMMA MS. J. LAXMEE
Published: June 2020

The present paper aims to bring forth the perception of the world in the postcolonial period in Kiran Desai’s Award winning novel, The Inheritance of Loss. The euphoria of liberalization and celebration of globalization have been skillfully denuded by Kiran Desai in her work. She demonstrated that though the advancement of technology professed to create wealth and well-being in integrating the cultural diversities, the fact is that there is a darker side where innumerable people are deprived of their basic human rights. Desai’s motive in writing The Inheritance of loss was to look beyond the general concept of globalization. With her optimism Desai finds the other disordered side of global economy, which are less discussed. In the background of colonial neurosis and multiculturalism, Kiran Desai explores the impact of globalization expressed in terms of financial security in alien lands, racial discrimination, bitterness of immigration, complexity of the high society and disenchantment borrowed out of the opulence of the West in the post-colonial era.
Nomads of the Twenty-first Century: Displacement and Repatriation in Temporary People
Authors: K Ajith
Published: June 2020

The term Diaspora has presumed different dimensions with the emergence ofpostcolonial literatures. Writers like Salman Rushdie, V.S.Naipauland JhumpaLahiri enrich the genre by including thoughts and experiences of the displaced and marginalized in their writings. Immigrant writings problematize the concepts home, homeland, identity and belongingness in transnational and national lands. Problems of migrants, from the third to the first world and from one state to another within a nation, were expanded to a global perspective with immigrant writings.Such works concentrate on the position of a subject in an alien culture, loss of identity and isolation witnessed by communities who are displaced from their homelands either by choice or by force. Deepak Unnikrishnan’s debut novel Temporary People, published in 2017, winner of the Restless Books Prize for new immigrant writing, narrates the fragmented lives of the guest workers of the United Arab Emirates who oscillate between two lands on either side of the Arabian Sea. Joining the row of Benyamin’s Goat Days, a novel about the enslavement in Saudi Arabia, Temporary People explores the experience of immigration,identity and exile in the Gulf and India from a South Asian perspective. Deepak Unnikrishnan portrays the cruel realities around the borders and the homelessness of living in a foreign land. This paper aims to analyze Temporary People as a novel belongs to the genre of Diaspora literature and its portrayal of displacement and repatriation.
Psyche of the Modern Youth: A Critical Study on Chetan Bhagat’s Half Girlfriend.
Authors: Rexly S. Mijo
Published: June 2020

The research article focuses on the Psyche of the Modern Youth in Half girlfriend as presented by the Indian writer Chetan Bhagat. The psyche of the modern youth analyses the factors like social condition, education, aspiration and behavioural pattern that influence the youth. It also highlights the positive and negative characteristics of modern youth in India. The generation gap between the old and young is clearly explained in this novel. Westernization exposes its impact on the younger generation who are influenced to a western life style, because of their education and choice of profession. The modern youth easily adopt the western ways of life as it symbolises success and social status. The modern youth expect a world full of creative challenges and opportunities. Still the world remains unchanged. A country’s destiny is the hands of youngsters as they ignore advice. Chetan Bhagat skilfully explores the psyche of modern youth with their aspirations, anger, hope and empowerment in his novel. The purpose of the paper is to unfold the mindset of modern generation by focusing on the impact of westernization and social issues that challenges them.
Between High Culture and Low Culture; and also The Difference Between Popular Culture and Folk Culture
Authors: Debnath Kunal
Published: June 2020

High culture is a collection of ideologies, beliefs, thoughts, trends, practices and works-- intellectual or creative-- that is intended for refined, cultured and educated elite people. Low culture is the culture of the common people and the mass. Popular culture is something that is always, most importantly, related to everyday average people and their experiences of the world; it is urban, changing and consumeristic in nature. Folk culture is the culture of preindustrial (premarket, precommodity) communities.
Patriarchy in Perumal Murugan’s One Part Woman
Authors: Gokuldas Niveda
Published: June 2020

This paper tries to examine how patriarchy oppresses female sexuality by viewwing its very purpose to be motherhood in Perumal Murugan’s One Part Woman. The novel set in Tiruchengode, a rural village in Tamil Nadu, is a poignant tale of Kali and Ponna, a childless couple. They try every possible way to get pregnant, putting their marriage at stake. Since they fail to perform the duties assigned by the society, they are constantly criticized and are deemed to be unfit. Their inability to ‘perform’ this predetermined roles, puts their entire life under risk.
Blended Learning: A Case Study of Select Secondary Schools at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Shahid Sumbul , Sulaiman Athar Afsar
Published: June 2020

Online learning has been gaining wide publicity across the globe, helping people gain access to high quality courses in their field of study or work with highly qualified instructors available at a click.

People from non-native English countries have managed to improve manifold in language with the help of e-tutors in improving their English. While the world has been updating and educating itself with e- learning programmes, there still exist places where e- learning is still an alien concept.

This paper will explore the need of blended learning to teach/learn English language at one of such places, Secondary Schools at Aligarh Muslim University. It will also shed light on the advantages and disadvantages of an effective blended learning. The authors aim to highlight the teaching methodologies used at this level. This study will use the questionnaire- based method with a two- point scale questionnaire, so that the respondents i.e. both teachers and learners at this level can easily answer in ‘Yes’ or ‘No’.
‘Marriage: Freedom or Subjugation’: A Case Study of Paro’s Dreams by Namita Gokhale
Authors: Roychoudhary Dr. Mausumi
Published: June 2020

The present paper searches to present a modest study of the novel of Namita Gokhale. It can be truly said that Namita Gokhale introduced herself to the world of English Literature through the novel Paro: dreams of passion and got recognition and appreciation as the best seller, as she realistically projected the elite class of Delhi. Her novel made her the talk of the town. It also aims at the exploration of the versatile personality of the author. Namita Gokhale is a world renowned Indian author and novelist known for her works in English language. She is a founder-director of the Jaipur Literature Festival along with the author, William Dalrymple, which started in 2006. Her writings often show a mixture of cultures expressed through the use of various languages. She has received numerous awards for her works. She is the author of several acclaimed novels like Paro - Dreams of Passion, Priya: In Incredible Indyaa, Gods, Graves and Grandmother, A Himalayan Love Story and Shakuntala: The Play of Memory. Her works of non-fiction include Mountain Echoes and The Book of Shiva.  Her writings are unique and contributed a lot to Indian writing in English. The novel Paro: Dreams of Passion, created a stir by its frankness in the early 80s, and pioneered the sexually frank genre, which made her famous. It deals with the satire of Delhi’s upper class. Gokhale through her bold women characters talks about such society where woman is not free to lead her life in her own style. She depicts the double standard treatment for male and female, upper and lower class and the hypocrisy of the society. Therefore, Gokhale is known as woman activist and feminine writer. Her novel Paro: Dreams of Passion also deals with the same issues as it talks about the discriminations and identity crisis faced by women in society. She believes in frank narration of incidents and open heartedness. Particularly, the novel has portrayed the urge, necessity and consequences of freedom if not taken care. In a nutshell the novel is about women’s dream, emancipation and their struggle for existence.
Reader’s Consciousness in Literary Interpretation with Special Reference to Stanley Fish’s Reader Response Theory
Authors: Seth Chhabi
Published: June 2020

Reader Response Theory is a broad, exciting, evolving domain of literary studies that can help us learn about our own reading processes and how they relate to specific elements in the text we read. The readers do not passively consume the meaning presented to them by the objective literary text. Stanley Fish’s Reader Response Theory originated with an interesting experiment that was conducted by him for proving that, ‘Interpretation is not the art of construing but the art of constructing. Interpreters do not decode poems; they make them.’ It is the consciousness of the reader that makes the text relevant and significant. The text has no meaning and relevance before the reader reads it and presents his own judgement and experience regarding the text. The readers are termed as the ‘interpretive communities’ as they analyze the text and play an active role in a reading experience.

The paper will focus on highlighting the reader’s consciousness, his perception and experience which gives meaning and significance to a literary text. It will point out that the meaning does not lie in the text, but it is the consciousness of the reader which creates it and adds meaning to the text.
Las cartografías del tiempo en la Pítica IX de Píndaro
Authors: Hamamé Graciela N.
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo pretende un acercamiento a la poética de Píndaro a partir del análisis de las categorías de espacio y tiempo en la Pítica IX. La oda se remonta al 474 a. C., momento en que el poeta alcanza su madurez artística y constituye uno de los epinicios más extensos entre las composiciones conservadas del autor. Tiempo y espacio de la performance, en constante diálogo con las coordenadas de la ocasión del epinicio y de las narraciones míticas, revelan la maestría de uno de los más exquisitos poetas líricos de la Antigüedad.
Filosofía y Ciencia en el Positivismo Lógico: una mirada retrospectiva.
Authors: Iranzo Valeriano
Published: June 2020

El Positivismo Lógico a menudo ha sido presentado como una corriente filosófica monolítica obviando las profundas disensiones que hubo en su seno. El presente artículo pretende corregir esta visión. Los dos primeros apartados de este artículo describen la constitución del movimiento y los elementos supuestamente nucleares de la concepción filosófica positivista. El tercer apartado discute las discrepancias sobre el papel de la filosofía entre los autores más representativos del movimiento (Schlick, Carnap y Neurath). Para concluir se sugiere que la vigencia del legado positivista reside no tanto en alguna tesis filosófica en particular, sino más bien en su compromiso metafilosófico con valores como la precisión y la claridad.
Synthesis and Characterization of Deposited NiO Thin Films by Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Zaouche Chouaieb , Aoun Yacine , Benramache Said , Gahtar Abdelouahab
Published: June 2020

In this work, nickel oxide was fabricated on glass substrate at 450 °C by spray pyrolysis technique. The NiO layers were obtained with 0.05M molarity, which were deposited by various deposition rates 20, 40, 60 and 80 ml. The effects of deposition rate on the structural, electrical and optical properties were examined. All fabricated NiO thin films were observed a nanocrystalline a cubic structure with a strong (111) preferred orientation, it is only phase was observed in all deposited NiO. The film elaborated with 60 ml have a minimum value of crystallite size was 15.8 nm. All NiO thin films have an average transmittance is about 70 % in the visible region. The NiO thin films have a verity in the band gap energy from 3.34 to 3.51 eV because the effect of deposition, the minimum value was found at 80 ml, this condition have a lowest Urbach energy. The NiO thin films have an electrical resistivity was decreased from 0.625 to 0.152 (Ω.cm) with increasing the deposition rate from 20 to 80ml. The best results of NiO thin films are obtained in the deposition NiO films by 40 and 80 ml.
Content marketing from the perspective of PR specialists: an Estonian case study
Authors: Abel Kristel , Hiob Tiina , Kaal Esta , Soonik Mart , Veetõusme Rain
Published: June 2020

This paper is an exploratory study to understand the content marketing practices in Estonia, a current trend that ties together journalism, communications, and advertising. Estonia is a small market where the ‘guilds’ of journalists and PR professionals are rather intertwined. Trends occurring here may provide suggestions for larger markets and future developments. A qualitative study was conducted in Spring 2018. The objective of the study was to describe the problems and potential complications arising from the reorganization of traditional areas of activity of agents operating in the field of the communications industry – specifically in the context of content marketing, and from the viewpoint of representatives of PR agencies. The article begins with putting the phenomenon of content marketing into a wider societal context – and specifically that of the Estonian media ecosystem. The possible influences of content marketing on such important realms, and such defining factors as trust (Luhmann 2000), social capital (Bourdieu 1995) the integrity, independence, and the interactions between the different fields (ibid) are discussed. The results of the survey indicate that the field of public relations is changing as a result of the forces from the other neighbouring fields, that of journalism and advertising. The paper points out that the issue of trust and trustworthiness and the origins of ‘the media’ need to be addressed in order to provide integrity and transparency.
Pentru O Poetică A Ritmurilor Discursive În Lirica Blagiană
Authors: Duma Mihai
Published: June 2020

Lucian Blaga’s writing merges into the boundaries of the European modernism both if we refer to the formal and the theoretical aspects of his work. His poetry shows us the deconstruction of the typical rhymed verse through the use of the white one. But as soon as poetry deconstructs the concepts of rhyme or meter as a necessity to define the formal aspects of writing, there is the resistant concept of rhythm which shows himself a plural concept. The aim of this paper is to investigate rhythm in the poetical creation of Lucian Blaga not as the asset of formal constructions, but as it was proposed by Henri Meschonnic a discursive rhythm which is in a tight relation with the subject of speech.
Lucian Blaga: Metaforizarea Poeticii Gândiriste
Authors: Chindriș Adela-Diana
Published: June 2020

The aim of this paper is to show how traditionalist elements are shaped in Lucian Blaga’s poetry. After presenting some theoretical aspects about the literaray magazine Gândirea, the one Blaga collaborated with, we will explain how religious and rural motifs get a metaphysical pattern, in comparison with the way they are used in the traditionalist poems.
Bestiarul În Opera Lui Lucian Blaga Și A Lui Vasile Voiculescu: Contexte, Decoruri, Simboluri
Authors: Chindriş Adela-Diana
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper is to reflect upon the ways the same animals depicted in Lucian Blaga’s poetry and Vasile Voiculescu’s respectively are shaped based on comparison. On the one hand, the animals in Blaga’s works get a metaphorical pattern, while, on the other hand, those in Voiculescu’s poetry keep the ordinary meaning. While in Voiculescu’s case animals are part of the traditional setting, Blaga gives them symbolic and transcendental meanings.
On the Saturation Assumption and Hierarchical a Posteriori Error Estimator
Authors: Agouzal A.
Published: June 2020

The saturation assumption is widely used in a posteriori error analysis
of finite element methods. It asserts, in its simplest form, that the solution can be
approximated asymptotically with quadratic finite elements than with linear ones. In
this paper, we show that a simple modification of this “hypothesis” is valid, and the
proof of a posteriori error estimators by several authors becomes rigoruous with this
simple modification.
Finite Difference Schemes for Partial Differential Equations with Weak Solutions and Irregular Coefficients
Authors: Jovanović Boško S.
Published: June 2020

A survey of the results concerning the convergence of ﬁnite difference
schemes for boundary value problems with generalized solutions from the Sobolev space
is presented. In particular, difference schemes for some problems with singular coefficients are investigated.
ON NUMERICAL UPSCALING FOR FLOWS IN HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA
Authors: ILIEV O. , RYBAK I.
Published: June 2020

A numerical upscaling approach, NU, for solving multiscale elliptic problems is discussed. The main components of this NU are: i) local solve of aux-iliary problems in grid blocks and formal upscaling of the obtained results to build a coarse scale equation; ii) global solve of the upscaled coarse scale equation; and iii) reconstruction of a fine scale solution by solving local block problems on a dual coarse grid. By its structure NU is similar to other methods for solving multiscale elliptic problems, such as the multiscale finite element method, the multiscale mixed finite element method, the numerical subgrid upscaling method, heterogeneous mul-tiscale method, and the multiscale finite volume method. The difference with those methods is in the way the coarse scale equation is build and solved, and in the way the fine scale solution is reconstructed. Essential components of the presented here NU approach are the formal homogenization in the coarse blocks and the usage of so called multipoint flux approximation method, MPFA. Unlike the usual usage of MPFA as a discretization method for single scale elliptic problems with tensor discontinuous coefficients, we consider its usage as a part of a numerical upscaling approach. An aim of this paper is to compare the performance of NU with the one of MsFEM for ceratin multiscale problems. In particular, it is shown that the resonance effect, which limits the application of the Multiscale FEM, does not appear, or it is significantly relaxed, when the presented here numerical upscaling approach is applied
Quenching of Numerical Solutions for Some Semilinear Heat Equations with a Variable Reaction
Authors: N'Gohisse F.K.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, under certain conditions, we show that the solution of the
semidiscrete form of a semilinear heat equation with a variable reaction is quenched
in a finite time and estimate its semidiscrete quenching time. We also show that the
semidiscrete quenching time converges to the continuous one when the mesh size goes
to zero. In the same way, an analogous study has been investigated taking into account
the discrete form of the above problem. Finally, we present some computational results.
Comparing Scots pine regeneration established by sowing and planting at various times of year
Authors: Barzdajn Władysław , Kowalkowski Wojciech , Tomczak Robert
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the practical feasibility of two forest regeneration methods using Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. To this end, comparative experiments were established in the Złotoryja and Legnica Forest Districts. The site in Złotoryja had been clear cut, while the experimental plot in Legnica was established at a location damaged by wind in 2009 and cleared from wind throws and wind-broken trees before the experiment. Four different dates for sowing and two for planting were chosen in order to investigate the potential forest regeneration with respect to time. Both experiments were established according to the same design: a complete random block design with five replication blocks. To each plot we applied approximately 53 g (1.2 kg/ha) of seeds and planted 230 seedlings (10 200 seedlings/ha). In 2017, the height of the pine trees was recorded and their increment in height was measured in 2016 as well as 2017. A preliminary analysis of results was conducted using ANOVA for multiple experiments in order to identify significant differences and to then combine variables to form homogeneous groups to which the Duncan multiple range test could be applied. For growth traits, the ANOVA showed significant differences between experimental sights as well as a significant interaction of factors with the experimental site. In terms of planting, April was the most advantageous resulting in the greatest tree height in both forest districts, while in the Legnica Forest District the saplings planted in April also showed the greatest annual increments. Among the sowing dates, the most advantageous was the winter sowing, while the April sowing date produced the least desirable results. In conclusion, both sowing and planting are effective methods to establish pine cultures in coniferous forest.

Furthermore, both methods may be performed at the currently recommended spring date, but they may also be postponed to summer and winter dates provided favorable weather conditions prevail.
Mechanism of protection of rat hepatocytes from acetaminophen-induced cellular damage by ethanol extract of Aerva lanata
Authors: Anusha Chithambaram Sujatha , Sini Hariharan , Prakashkumar Bhaskara , Nevin Kottayath Govindan
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of ethanol extract of Aerva lanata (EEAL) in preventing acetaminophen induced liver toxicity. EEAL was prepared and its hepatoprotective effect was studied in both isolated primary hepatocytes in vitro and in Sprague Dawley rats in vivo. For in vivo studies, the animals were grouped as Group I – Control; Group II – ACN (2 g/kg b.w.); Group III – EEAL (50 mg/kg b.w.) + ACN (2 g/kg b.w.), Group IV – EEAL (100 mg/kg b.w.) + ACN (2 g/kg b.w.). Extracellular activities of the enzymes liver aminotransferease (GOT, GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in isolated hepatocytes and rat plasma were studied colorimetrically. Expression of GST, Nrf2, COX 1 & COX2 genes in rat liver were evaluated by RT-PCR. The results showed that ACN induced down-regulation of Nrf2 and upregulation of GST gene expression, which were modulated by EEAL treatment. GOT, GPT, ALP and LDH levels were found to be lowered in both hepatocyte culture media and plasma following EEAL treatment. In addition, the medium GOT and GPT levels were diminished following EEAL treatment only. Moreover, only ALP and LDH in serum appeared to be at normal level following EEAL treatment, whereas GOT and GPT showed levels lower than control. ACN treatment increased the expression of pro-inflammatory COX 1 and COX 2 genes and the levels of these genes were reduced by EEAL treatment. EEAL pre-treated rats exposed to ACN were found to retain normal hepatic structure compared to ACN alone treated rats. From these results it can be concluded that ethanol extract of A. lanata possesses both anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity.
Stratification of language users
Authors: Dolník Juraj
Published: June 2020

This study is about one of the ways in which community of language users appear to be structured: the users of standard language are hierarchicaly stratified with regard to the degree of rationality that determines the ways in which language is conceived of. The starting-point is that all language users are linguistic experts that are stratified in four groups with these labels: practical, educated, theoretical and metatheoretical linguistic experts. Practical linguistic expert is not a commonly used term but it is useful in answering questions that could be asked about the status of ordinary language users in the linguistic life of society. The author argues for the right of these users to power to influence the linguistic behaviour in the public communication. He is interested in the contrast between practical and rational linguistic order and in the reasons for why preference of practical linguistic order is in accordance with tendency to natural communication activity.
To the relations between morphemic and word-formation structure of a word in Slovak
Authors: Ološtiak Martin
Published: June 2020

The paper focuses on relations between word-formation and morphemic structure of a Slovak word based on the material from Slovník koreňových morfém slovenčiny [Slovak Dictionary of Root Morphemes] (Sokolová et al., 2012). Particularly, manifestations of morphemic variation determined by word-formation poly-motivation are analysed. Poly-motivation arises from the re-grouping of the relations within a word-formation nest, where the mediated motivation can be understood as an alternative direct motivation, e.g. aerodynamika [noun, ‘aerodynamics’] → (aerodynamický [adjective, ‘related to aerodynamics’]) → aerodynamicky [adverb]. The adverb aerodynamicky is derived from the adjective (aerodynamický → aerodynamick-y ‘in an aerodynamic manner’) as well as from the noun (aerodynamika → aerodynamic-ky ‘with regard to aerodynamics’). Thus, the structure of affixes can be extended as a result of infixation conditioned by poly-motivation, cf. aerodynamick-y (suffix -y) / aerodynamic-ky (suffix -y with an infix: -k:y). As far as poly-motivation is concerned, a particular affix can have several morphemic and word-formation manifestations, e.g. Slovak adverb suffix -y can be manifested as -y, -ky, -icky, -isticky, -sky, -euticky, -aticky, -eticky, -ecky, -nícky.
Slip at Vehicle Transmission System with Hydrokinetic Converter in the Urban Test Cycle
Authors: Bieniek Andrzej , Mamala Jarosław , Prażnowski Krzysztof , Graba Mariusz
Published: June 2020

The study concentrated on slip phenomenon occurring at hydrokinetic converter in passenger car transmission system. Optimization of modern automatic transmission systems aims, on the one hand, to further increase the comfort of use, and on the other hand to improve the efficiency and reliability operation of individual components, in such a way as to ultimately result in lowering fuel consumption and also harmful emissions. One of the important factors affecting the mentioned transmissions properties as a whole system is the slip phenomenon occurring between the pump and the hydrokinetic converter turbine. The study presents the results of research on ZF 4HP20 and Fuji Hyper M6 gearboxes operating in vehicle transmission systems. The tests were carried out using the MAHA MSR 500 chassis dynamometer during driving at chosen test cycles. The research covered the transmission systems operating according to selected control algorithms affecting not only the gear shifting strategy but also the operation of the lock up clutch causing the transmissions slip values. As shown by the conducted research, the algorithm controlling the operation of the torque converter can have a significant influence on their operating indexes. The conducted analyses indicate the possibilities of improving the transmission operating indexes, especially in urban driving cycles.
Application of Similarity Method of Distance Courses Describing the Elements Content in Typical Cement Concrete After Thermal Cycles
Authors: Linek Małgorzata , Nita Piotr
Published: June 2020

The work concerns the use of similarity analysis of distance course. Composition of concrete mixes was designed. The cement concrete composition includes cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, water and admixtures. The laboratory analyses included concretes curing in standard conditions and concretes subject to thermal cycles representing the destructive influence of imposed loading. Laboratory tests assumed the fifty thermal test cycles. A single test cycle included process of alternate heating and cooling. Recurrent influence of temperature stimulated the impact of aircraft on airfield pavements. The assumed heating and cooling time corresponded to the time during which the aircraft effected the most frequently used airfield pavement within the area of Poland. Comparative SEM observations of concretes subject to thermal cycles were conducted. An increase in the width of microcracs has been observed. In case of crystallization, there is diversification within the area of cement matrix, contact area between cement matrix and aggregate grains and in case of porosity characteristics of both concretes. Similarity indexes between input and target sequence were defined. Diagrams presenting the similarity of the analysed concretes were prepared (after 28 days of curing and after thermal cycles). It was proved that the suggested method could be used to define the similarity of concrete intended for airfield pavements.
Operating Parameters of a Slide Bearing with Parabolic-Shaped Slide Surfaces with Consideration of the Stochastic Changes in the Lubrication Gap Height
Authors: Miszczak Andrzej , Wierzcholski Krzysztof
Published: June 2020

In this article, the authors present the equations of the hydrodynamic theory for a slide bearing with parabolic-shaped slide surfaces. The lubricating oil is characterized by non-Newtonian properties, i.e. an oil for which, apart from the classic oil viscosity dependence on pressure and temperature, also an effect of the shear rate is taken into account. The first order constitutive equation was adopted for considerations, where the apparent viscosity was described by the Cross equation. The analytical solution uses stochastic equations of the momentum conservation law, the stream continuity and the energy conservation law. The solution takes into account the expected values of the hydrodynamic pressure EX[p(ϕ,ζ)], of the temperature EX[T(ϕ,y,ζ)], of the velocity value of lubricating oil EX[vi(ϕ,y,ζ)], of the viscosity of lubricating oil EX[ηT(ϕ,y,ζ)] and of the lubrication gap height EX[εT(ϕ,ζ)]. It was assumed, that the oil is incompressible and the changes in its density and thermal conductivity were omitted. A flow of lubricating oil was laminar and non-isothermal. The research concerned the parabolic slide bearing of finite length, with a smooth sleeve surface, with a full wrap angle. The aim of this work is to derive the stochastic equations, that allow to determine the temperature distribution, hydrodynamic pressure distribution, velocity vector components, load carrying capacity, friction force and friction coefficient, in the parabolic sliding bearing, lubricated with non-Newton (Cross) oil, including the stochastic changes in the lubrication gap height. The paper presents the results of analytical and numerical calculation of flow and operating parameters in parabolic sliding bearings, taking into account the stochastic height of the lubrication gap. Numerical calculations were performed using the method of successive approximations and finite differences, with own calculation procedures and the Mathcad 15 software.
Investigation of Thermal Properties of Novel Phase Change Material Mixtures (Octadecane-Diamond) with Laser Flash Analysis
Authors: Sierakowski Mateusz , Godlewski Wojciech , Domański Roman , Kapuściński Jakub , Wiśniewski Tomasz , Kubiś Michał
Published: June 2020

Phase change materials (PCMs) are widely used in numerous engineering fields because of their good heat storage properties and high latent heat of fusion. However, a big group of them has low thermal conductivity and diffusivity, which poses a problem when it comes to effective and relatively fast heat transfer and accumulation. Therefore, their use is limited to systems that do not need to be heated or cooled rapidly. That is why they are used as thermal energy storage systems in both large scale in power plants and smaller scale in residential facilities. Although, if PCMs are meant to play an important role in electronics cooling, heat dissipation, or temperature stabilization in places where the access to cooling water is limited, such as electric automotive industry or hybrid aviation, a number of modifications and improvements needs to be introduced. Investigation whether additional materials of better thermal properties will affect the thermal properties of PCM is therefore of a big interest. An example of such material is diamond powder, which is a popular additive used in abradants. Its thermal diffusivity and conductivity is significantly higher than for a pure PCM. The article presents the results of an analysis of the effect of diamond powder on thermal conductivity and diffusivity of phase change materials in the case of octadecane.
Modelling of Transport System Operational Reliability a Markov Approach
Authors: Smolarek Leszek , Ziemska Monika
Published: June 2020

The workability of a transport system is associated with performance and operational reliability. Operational reliability provides a measure of the probability that a transport system will realize transport process as intended. Performance reliability is an adequacy measure of transport process realization under specific environmental and traffic conditions. Transport system can be modelled as repairable, multistate, non-homogenous rectangular or dendrite system. This article provides the Markov and semi Markov models for estimation of the operational and performance reliability of city transport system. The system is semi homogenous it means that serial subsystems have the same reliability function. The reliability of any serial subsystem is exponential. The distribution of the repair time is any probability distribution. In case where the probability distribution of the repair time is exponential, the Markov process is used to construct simulation model. The simulation model was applied at Microsoft Excel. Many stochastic models in engineering, logistic and even finance or insurance are setup in a spreadsheet for simulation. The semi Markov model of the multistate reliability of repaired system is applied to the street system. The embedded Markov chain was used to count stationary probabilities. The possibility of application of the results is illustrated by an example for the systems with rectangular or dendrite shaped accordingly, consist of three types of elements.
Storage of Wind Power Energy
Authors: Tywoniuk Andrzej , Skorupka Zbigniew
Published: June 2020

There has been a big increase in production and investments in wind turbines and wind farms in last 20 years. New generation of wind turbines is more reliable than from 1980’s are, which necessary condition is energy production is to play an important role among renewable energy sources. Over the last 30 years, the size of wind turbines increased 7 times, as nominal power increased nearly 14 times. At present, turbines capable of producing over 10 MW of power are being developed. The main reason for continued growth of turbines sizes is to minimize the energy cost per kilowatt-hour. However, it is worth remembering that according to the „square-cube law”, there is a maximum size after the surpassing of witch the cost of ever-larger turbines would grow faster than financial gain from the increased size. In this article, authors present energy storage methods and devices for wind power plants and cost-effectiveness of the individual energy storage methods. Authors also present data about energy storage efficiency and groups of energy storage devices for wind power plants such as: compressed-air power stations + gas turbine (CAES), utilizing underground wells, pumped storage power plants, rechargeable batteries (lithium-ion, lead-acid, sodium sulphur, VRB, zinc-flow, zinc-air, zinc-air), flywheels, hydrogen production and storage systems, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), electrostatic storage – electrolytic capacitors.
The local educational councils in the process of socializing school educatio
Authors: Kosiorek Małgorzata
Published: June 2020

In Poland, since 1989 thanks to the processes of decentralization and socialization, educational policy is associated with activities carried out at the local level. This is the result of legislation and regulations defining the competences of central and local educational authorities. An example of socialization of education is the formation of educational councils, which are advisory and consultative organ. In the article, the author presents the essence and tasks of educational councils, as well as the activity of exemplary councils functioning at the level of a voivodship, county and commune. The analysis indicates that the process of socialization of Polish education, despite the possibilities guaranteed by law, in practice is rare.
Supervised probabilistic failure prediction of tuned mass damper-equipped high steel frames using machine learning methods
Authors: Farrokhi Farshid , Rahimi Sepideh
Published: June 2020

In this study, firstly, the behavior of a high steel frame equipped with tuned mass damper (TMD) due to several seismic records is investigated considering the structural and seismic uncertainties. Then, machine learning methods including artificial neural networks (ANN), decision tree (DT), Naïve Bayes (NB) and support vector machines (SVM) are used to predict the behavior of the structure. Results showed that among the machine learning models, SVM with Gaussian kernel has better performance since it is capable of predicting the drift of stories and the failure probability with R
2 value equal to 0.99. Furthermore, results of feature selection algorithms revealed that when using TMD in high steel structures, seismic uncertainties have greater influences on drift of stories in comparison with structural uncertainties. Findings of this study can be used in design and probabilistic analysis of high steel frames equipped with TMDs.
On the Intriguing Search for Good Permutations
Authors: Pausinger Florian
Published: June 2020

The intriguing search for permutations that generate generalised van der Corput sequences with exceptionally small discrepancy forms an important part of the research work of Henri Faure. On the occasion of Henri’s 80th birthday we aim to survey (some of) his contributions over the last four decades which considerably improved our understanding of one-dimensional van der Corput sequences and inspired a lot of related work. We recall and compare the different approaches in the search for generalised van der Corput sequences with low discrepancy, i.e., using a single generating permutation versus using a sequence of permutations. Throughout, we collect, sharpen and extend open questions which all stem from the extensive work of Henri and his coworkers and which will hopefully inspire more work in the future.
Stable Configurations of Repelling Points on Flat Tori
Authors: Nechayeva Marina , Randol Burton
Published: June 2020

Flat tori are analyzed in the context of an intrinsic Fourier-analytic approach to electrostatics on Riemannian manifolds, introduced by one of the authors in 1984 and previously developed for compact hyperbolic manifolds. The approach covers a large class of repelling laws, but does not naturally include laws with singularities at the origin, for which possible accommodations are discussed in the final section of the paper.
İÇ KONTROL, RİSK YÖNETİMİ VE KURUMSAL YÖNETİM SÜREÇLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİNE YÖNELİK ÖLÇEKLERİN GÜVENİLİRLİK VE GEÇERLİLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: KORKMAZ Goksel
Published: June 2020

İç denetim tüm organizasyonların; iç kontrol, risk yönetimi ve yönetişim süreçlerinin etkililiğinin değerlendirilmesinde temel fonksiyondur. Bu çalışmanın amacı iç denetimin, temel kurumsal süreçler olan iç kontrol, kurumsal risk yönetimi ve kurumsal yönetim süreçlerini değerlendirebileceği ölçekler oluşturmak ve bu ölçeklerin güvenilirlik ve geçerliliğini test etmektir. Çalışmanın kavramsal çerçevesi iç denetim, kurumsal yönetim, iç kontrol ve risk yönetimi yazınından istifade etmek suretiyle ölçekler oluşturulmuş, Türkçeye çevrilerek adapte edilmiş ve bu ölçeklerin güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği test edilerek; kurumsal risk yönetimi, iç kontrol ve kurumsal yönetimin etkililiğinin değerlendirilebileceği ölçekler oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada, Türkiye’nin en büyük 1000 işletmesi hedef grup olarak seçilmiş ve bu işletmelerden 299 tanesi örneklem olarak alınmak suretiyle testler gerçekleştirilmiştir.
ANALISIS PEMBAGIAN HARTA BERSAMA DALAM KONDISI MATI KALALAH (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 197K/AG/2015)
Authors: Hariyati Tetty , Retnowulandari Wahyuni
Published: June 2020

The division of community property is a very essential issue in domestic life. Regarding the positive law taking in force in Indonesia, the division of community property for Islam is regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) where the Compilation of Islamic Law regulates the division of community property for both widowed (widowed and not remarried) and divorced (divorced and not remarried). The widowed is regulated in article 96 of the Compilation of Islamic Law and the divorced is regulated in article 97 of the Compilation of Islamic Law. If examined from these two articles, both equally regulates  if the marriage relationship broke up, the community property is divided for husband and wife, each will get a 50:50 part. However, this is different based upon  Decision Number 197K / AG / 2015 The division is greater for the wife of 60% and 40% for husband. In this case the problem raised here is how the regulation makes an arrangement for division of community property in dead condition without father and children (mati kalalah) under the law of inheritance in Indonesia and how the judge's consideration related to the division of community property in dead condition without father and children (case study: Decision number 197K / AG / 2015)? The author here used normative legal research method that is descriptive and primary and secondary data and also supported by interviews in this study.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP JABATAN NOTARIS ATAS DUGAAN PELANGGARAN KODE ETIK DALAM PENGURUSAN HARTA WARIS (STUDI PUTUSAN MAJELIS PENGAWAS PUSAT NOTARIS NOMOR 03/MPPN/VIII/2016)
Authors: Sumitro Michael Amsal , Pandamdari Endang
Published: June 2020

Notary Is a Public Official granted authority by the State in making an Authentic Deed. On that basis, it is necessary to have legal protection for a Notary if in conducting his / her position of office sued on the alleged violation of code of ethics as it happened in Decision of Supervisory Board of Notary Center Number 03/MPPN/VIII/2016. Notary LIS is sued with alleged violation of code of ethics on the management of the heirs but the allegations according to the judges in both MPW and MPPN the action does not violate the code of ethics. Based on the analysis result that referring to Article 9 paragraph (7) Notary Code of Ethics, the legal protection of the notary's office on the alleged violation of the code of ethics in the management of the permanent inheritance shall be entitled to the protection of a good name through a letter issued by the Notary Publicity Council. The qualification of a notary act can be regarded as a violation of the code of ethics only stipulated in the provisions of Article 4 of the Code of Ethics of 2015. Notary LIS is in fact violating Article 52 UUJN because in carrying out the task of handling of inheritance based on an oral testament there is still family relation. However, the MPPN is not careful that such action is not a violation of UUJN.
PERANAN IKATAN NOTARIS INDONESIA (INI) TERHADAP PENGAWASAN NOTARIS DALAM PELAKSANAAN TUGAS JABATAN NOTARIS DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: . Stephanie , Pandamdari Endang
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the role of Indonesian Notaries Association (INI) to the supervision of Notary in the implementation of duties in the position of Notary in Special Region of Jakarta. Notary in performing his duties of office can not be separated from the code of ethics that has been established and must be implemented by every existing Notary. The Indonesian Notary Association (INI) as the only organization of Notaries certainly has an important role in the field of supervision. Special Capital Region of Jakarta as the center of government certainly has a greater chance in the case of a violation, in this case the violation of the code of ethics, such as disrespect and uphold the prestige and dignity of the notary so that more supervision and explanation of the Profession of Notary Profession. It takes proper supervision from the Indonesian Notary Association (INI) where in addition to the reprimand is also required strict sanctions that can give a deterrent effect for the Notary in violation, in order not to happen again the same mistake and the notary's good name is maintained. Indonesian Notary Association is expected to give an important role in this case for the development of Notary Indonesia especially in Special Capital Region of Jakarta.
KEABSAHAN PENJAMINAN HAK MILIK ATAS TANAH YANG DIDASARKAN PADA AKTA DI BAWAH TANGAN (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NOMOR 53/PDT.G/2017/PN.SGN)
Authors: Rahadianto Akbar , Pandamdari Endang
Published: June 2020

Land rights guarantee is a guarantee made by the debtor to the creditor which generally aims to obtain a loan in the form of money for the debtor and repayment of debt to the creditor. In the case of guaranteeing land rights, the procedure has been regulated in the Underwriting Rights on land along with land-related objects act. In this act, it is explained that in the case of guaranteeing land rights, it must be made in an authentic deed named deed of mortgage. But in this case the debtor guarantees ownership rights of the land to the creditor with only deed under hand, not with the deed of mortgage. Is the guarantee still valid? and how about the executorial power? In this study the author uses a case approach and legislative approach. It can be concluded that the guarantee of ownership rights on land based on the deed under the hand is valid because it has fulfilled the elements of Article 1320 of the Civil Code concerning the legal requirements of the agreement. Then for the execution strength, it can be done, but it will be very difficult because it requires a court order to execute the collateral object. The suggestion from the author is that in guaranteeing the rights to the land, it must be charged the Deed of mortgage, so that if there is a default, the execution of the guarantee object is easy and does not take a long time.