bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Penerapan Supply Chain Management terhadap Efektivitas Kinerja Supply Chain melalui Total Quality Management sebagai Mediasi
Authors: Nur Hidayati  , Mardiyana  , Mardiputra Ilham Muhammad , Rismawati
Published: November 2024

Hubungan antara rantai pasokan dan kualitas produk saling terkait, karena diperlukan pengendalian internal dan eksternal untuk  meningkatkan kinerja rantai pasokan dalam suatu perusahaan. Hubungan dengan pemasok, pelanggan dan perusahaan  itu sendiri harus dikelola dengan baik. Bagaimana pemasok dapat bertanggung jawab atas kualitas produknya, hubungan jangka panjang yang baik dengan pemasok dan pelanggan, serta  distribusi produk yang tepat waktu dari hulu hingga hilir hingga mencapai konsumen akhir. Sebagai bagian dari penelitian  ini, dilakukan studi tentang penerapan manajemen rantai pasokan (SCM) untuk meningkatkan efektivitas kinerja rantai pasokan melalui media manajemen kualitas total.
 Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk  menguji dan menganalisis dampak SCM terhadap kinerja rantai pasokan melalui mediasi TQM. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Partial Minimum Squared  (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan manajemen rantai pasok terhadap efektivitas kinerja rantai pasok melalui TQM sebagai mediator lebih efektif dibandingkan tanpa TQM sebagai mediator. Artinya TQM dapat mengkomunikasikan variabel SCM dan kinerja rantai pasok.
Detection of Prenatal Cardiac Disease using Computer Vision and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Santhoshi P. Megana , Sajja Guna Sekhar , Dintakurthy Yeswanth , Bali Manohar G
Published: November 2024

Prenatal cardiac anomalies, commonly referred to as congenital heart defects (CHDs), comprise a spectrum of pathologies that adversely affect cardiac function. There is a correlation between the numerous risks of cardiovascular diseases and the pressing requirement for precise, reliable, and efficient methods of early detection. The contemporary epoch of voluminous data presents a plethora of novel prospects for clinicians to utilize artificial intelligence in order to identify and enhance treatment for pediatric patients and those afflicted with congenital heart disease. Machine learning, a prevalent technique in the field of artificial intelligence, has been utilized to forecast various outcomes in obstetrics. The application of artificial intelligence in real-time electronic health recording and predictive modelling has demonstrated promising outcomes in the domain of fetal monitoring. The present research provides an in-depth review of recent advancements and challenges in the application of artificial intelligence techniques, such as deep learning and computer vision, for the detection of congenital heart disease.
Design and Implementation of SCADA Architecture Based on MATLAB App Designer for a Hybrid Power System
Authors: Farhadi Saransari Azadeh , Dehghanisanij Farshad , Iqbal M. Tariq
Published: November 2024

Hybrid renewable power systems (HRPS) are now considered reliable solutions for power generation under various conditions. A critical challenge for deploying HRPS involves the design and implementation of an effective supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, which is essential for real-time monitoring and control. The SCADA system plays a vital role in remote monitoring and control by enabling real-time data management, early fault detection, and timely troubleshooting. This study presents the design and implementation of a SCADA architecture based on a MATLAB App Designer for an HRPS consisting of wind turbines, photovoltaic panels, diesel generators, and batteries. The system utilizes Arduino Mega 2560 as remote terminal units (RTUs) to interface with actuators and measure critical system parameters such as voltage and current. Arduino boards can be controlled directly from MATLAB® via the MATLAB® Support Package for Arduino® Hardware. A laptop is the main terminal unit (MTU), communicating with the Arduino via the Firmata protocol. MATLAB App Designer is the central monitoring interface, providing real-time data acquisition, processing, and visualization. In addition, a relay module is used to control the operation of the diesel generator. The relay module acts as an intermediary between the control system and the diesel generator, allowing for automated control of the generator's operation. It receives commands from the SCADA system to either start or stop the generator based on the energy demands and the availability of renewable resources. By managing the diesel generator's activity, the relay module helps ensure that the HRPS maintains a balanced and efficient power supply, minimizing reliance on non-renewable sources when renewable energy is sufficient. Based on experimental results, the proposed SCADA system effectively monitors and controls HRPS under different conditions.
Early Ischemic Stroke Assessment with ASPECTS: A Case Report Highlighting the Radiologist's Role in a Limited-Resource Setting
Authors: I Made Andika Adiguna  , Nyoman Satya  , Ni Putu Popy Theresia Puspita
Published: November 2024

Background: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in resource-limited settings. Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) is often the primary imaging modality available in these settings, and the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) is a crucial tool for assessing early ischemic changes in NCCT. This case report highlights the importance of ASPECTS in guiding clinical decisions and prognostication in a resource-limited setting.
Case presentation: A 79-year-old male presented to the emergency unit at Negara General Hospital, a rural facility in Bali, with acute onset of right-sided hemiparesis and speech difficulty. NCCT showed a hypodense lesion with ill-defined margins in the left insular cortex, left caudate nucleus, left internal capsule, and left frontotemporoparietal lobes, consistent with a subacute cerebral infarction in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory, with an ASPECTS score of 2. Due to the extensive ischemic burden and the limited availability of advanced treatment options, conservative management was chosen. The radiologist's interpretation of the ASPECTS score played a critical role in guiding the clinical team's decision-making and informing the patient's family about the prognosis.
Conclusion: ASPECTS is an essential tool for predicting stroke outcomes, with lower scores correlating with larger infarct volumes and poorer prognoses. In resource-limited settings, radiologists play a vital role in interpreting ASPECTS scores to guide clinical management and provide accurate prognostic information to patients and their families.
Quenching and Suppression of Limit Cycles in 3x3 Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Patra Kartik Chandra , Patnaik Asutosh
Published: November 2024

For several decades, the importance and weight-age of prediction of nonlinear self-sustained oscillations or Limit Cycles (LC) and their quenching by signal stabilization have been discussed which is confined to Single Input and Single Output (SISO) system. However, for the last five to six decades, the analysis of 2x2 Multi Input and Multi Output (MIMO) Nonlinear Systems gained importance in which a lot of literature available. In recent days few literatures are available which addresses the exhibition of LC and their quenching/suppression in 3x3 MIMO Nonlinear systems. Poor performances in many cases like Load Frequency Control (LFC) in multi area power system, speed and position control in robotics, automation industry and other occasions have been observed which draws attention of Researchers. The complexity involved, in implicit nonmemory type and memory type nonlinearities, it is extremely difficult to formulate the problem in particular for 3x3 systems. Under this circumstance, the harmonic linearization/ harmonic balance reduces the complexity considerably. Still the analytical expressions are so complex which loses the insight into the problem particularly for memory type nonlinearity in 3x3 system. Hence in the present work a novel graphical method has been developed for prediction of limit cycling oscillations in a 3x3 nonlinear system. The quenching of such LC using signal stabilization technique using deterministic (Sinusoidal) and random (Gaussian) signals has been explored. Suppression LC using pole placement technique through arbitrary selection and optimal selection of feedback Gain Matrix K with complete state controllability condition and Riccati Equation respectively. The method is made further simpler assuming a 3x3 system exhibits the LC predominantly at a single frequency, which facilitates clear insight into the problem and its solution. The proposed techniques are well illustrated with example and validated/substantiated by digital simulation (a developed program using MATLAB codes) and use of SIMULINK Tool Box of MATLAB software. The Signal stabilization with Random (Gaussian) Signals and Suppression LC with optimal selection of state feedback matrix K using Riccati Equation for 3x3 nonlinear systems have never been discussed elsewhere and hence it claims originality and novelty. The present work has the brighter future scope of: i. Adapting the Techniques like Signal Stabilization and Suppression LC for 3x3 or higher dimensional nonlinear systems through an exhaustive analysis. ii. Analytical/Mathematical method may also be developed for signal stabilization using both deterministic and random signals based on Dual Input Describing function (DIDF) and Random Input Describing Function (RIDF) respectively. iii. The phenomena of Synchronization and De-synchronization can be observed/identified analytically using Incremental Input Describing Function (IDF), which can also be validated by digital simulations.
Lipocalin-2 and intestinal diseases
Authors: Zhang Zhong-Xu , Peng Jian , Ding Wei-Wei
Published: November 2024

Dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is a prevalent phenomenon observed across a spectrum of diseases, encompassing conditions such as mesenteric artery dissection, inflammatory bowel disease, cirrhosis, and sepsis. In these pathological states, the integrity of the intestinal barrier, which normally serves to regulate the selective passage of substances between the gut lumen and the bloodstream, becomes compromised. This compromised barrier function can lead to a range of adverse consequences, including increased permeability to harmful substances, the translocation of bacteria and their products into systemic circulation, and heightened inflammatory responses within the gut and beyond. Understanding the mechanisms underlying intestinal barrier dysfunction in these diverse disease contexts is crucial for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring barrier integrity and ameliorating disease progression. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression is significantly upregulated during episodes of intestinal inflammation, making it a pivotal indicator for gauging the extent of such inflammatory processes. Notably, however, LCN2 derived from distinct cellular sources, whether intestinal epithelial cells or immune cells, exhibits notably divergent functional characteristics. Furthermore, the multifaceted nature of LCN2 is underscored by its varying roles across different diseases, sometimes even demonstrating contradictory effects.
Bidirectional associations among gallstone disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney stone disease
Authors: Jiang Guo-Heng , Li Sheng , Li Hong-Yu , Xie Lin-Jun , Li Shi-Yi , Yan Zi-Tong , Yu Wen-Qian , Luo Jing , Bai Xuan , Kong Ling-Xi , Lou Yan-Mei , Zhang Chi , Li Guang-Can , Shan Xue-Feng , Mao Min , Wang Xin
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

A body of evidence has suggested bidirectional relationships among gallstone disease (GSD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and kidney stone disease (KSD). However, the results are inconsistent, and studies on this topic in China are relatively few. Our goal is to explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.

AIM

To explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study, systematic review, and meta-analysis. The results may help to investigate the etiology of these diseases and shed light on the individualized prevention of these three diseases.

METHODS

Subjects who participated in physical examinations in Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing in China were recruited. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to explore the bidirectional relationships among GSD, KSD, and NAFLD. Systematic review and meta-analysis were initiated to confirm the epidemiologic evidence from previous observational studies. Furthermore, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to evaluate whether the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.

RESULTS

Significant bidirectional associations were detected among the three diseases, independent of potential confounding factors. The pooled results of the systematic review and meta-analysis also corroborated the aforementioned results. The combined evidence from the multicenter study and meta-analysis was significant [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.16-1.75, KSD → GSD; pooled OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.31-1.67, GSD → KSD; pooled OR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.17-1.47, GSD → NAFLD; pooled OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.26-1.50, NAFLD → GSD; pooled OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.08-1.51, NAFLD → KSD; pooled OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.16-1.25, KSD → NAFLD]. TSA indicated that the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.

CONCLUSION

The present study presents relatively sufficient evidence for the positive bidirectional associations among GSD, KSD, and NAFLD. The results may provide clues for investigating the etiology of these three diseases and offer a guideline for identifying high-risk patients.
Utilization of molecular genetic approaches for colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Emelyanova Marina A , Ikonnikova Anna Y
Published: November 2024

The feasibility of population screening for colorectal cancer has been demonstrated in several studies. Most of these studies have considered individual characteristics, diagnostic approaches, epidemiological data, and socioeconomic factors. In this article, we comment on an editorial by Metaxas et al published in the recent issue of the journal. The authors emphasized the need to raise public awareness through health education programs and the possibility of using easily accessible non-invasive screening methods. Here, we focus on non-invasive molecular genetic approaches that can aid in colorectal cancer screening. On the one hand, we highlighted the use of tumor DNA/RNA markers directly for screening and, on the other hand, underline the use of polygenic risk assessment and hereditary predisposition to select individuals for more thorough cancer screening.
The Role Of Financial Inclusion In Promoting Banking Profitability
Authors: Al-Sadi Ali Sadi Mohammed Salih , AL-Hakeem Halah Fadhil Hussein
Published: November 2024

The research aims to clarify the nature of the relationship and the impact of the financial inclusion variable represented by (credit facilities, deposits) as an independent variable in enhancing the bank’s profitability represented by (the rate of return on credit facilities, the rate of return on deposits) as a dependent variable. The research sample is represented by (6) banks that were Choosing it from among (42) banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, and these banks are (International Islamic Bank, Al-Arabiya Islamic Bank, Al-Janoob Islamic Bank, Al-Alam Islamic Bank, Nour Al-Iraq Islamic Bank, Zain Iraq Islamic Bank) that suit the research requirements and for the period ( 2018 - 2022) using annual financial statements based on the programs (Excel 2010 and SPSS V.26) to analyze the relationship and test the research hypotheses. The research reached the most important results, including the presence of a statistically significant effect of financial inclusion on the bank’s profitability, as it was able to explain approximately (44%).
Analyzing the Effects of Morphine with a Cybernetic Model
Authors: Dholakia Ansh , Stuart Dr. Brian L.
Published: November 2024

Morphine is a widely recognized analgesic used to mitigate pain, especially during intense medical procedures. Its primary function is to relieve patients from unbearable pain by interacting with the body’s central nervous system. Despite its effectiveness, cases where morphine does not alleviate pain, or produces an inadequate effect, present challenges in clinical settings. This study explores the application of morphine using a cybernetic automaton model, wherein pain response is viewed through the lens of classical conditioning. By simulating morphine administration in different contexts, the study aims to deepen the understanding of how preemptive and reactive morphine application alters pain perception.
American Hegemonism In The Face Of North Korea’s Nuclear Tests
Authors: Elisée NGOY KABILA , Sebastien KAZEMBE NGALULA
Published: November 2024

Anxious to ensure their security and independence, truncated by the West, North Korea is part of the logic of the arms race. Pyongyang will seek to establish itself as a nuclear power by rising to the rank of global nuclear competitors.
Combining AI Paradigms for Effective Data Imputation: A Hybrid Approach
Authors: Thirunagalingam Arunkumar
Published: November 2024

In data analysis, data imputation is an essential procedure, especially when working with partial datasets. Machine learning models' validity and performance can be significantly impacted by missing data. Conventional techniques for data imputation, including regression models or mean/mode imputation, frequently fall short of capturing the complex relationships present in the data. In order to increase the precision and resilience of data imputation, this research suggests a hybrid methodology that integrates several AI paradigms, such as machine learning, deep learning, and statistical techniques. The suggested hybrid strategy performs better than traditional methods in a variety of contexts, according to experimental results, providing a more dependable way to handle missing data in complicated datasets.
Методическое сопровождение школьных учителей как условие их профессионально-личностного развития и повышения качества образовательного процесса в первой половине 1950-х годов (на примере городских школ г. Рязани)
Authors: Н.П. Щетинина
Published: November 2024

Обращение к опыту методического сопровождения учителей городских школ Рязани в исследуемый период является актуальным для современной теории и практики методической работы с учителями. В статье с помощью теоретических методов критического анализа педагогических источников, архивных материалов анализируется практический опыт методической работы с учителями городских школ. Доказано, что в методическом сопровождении школьных учителей использовались как традиционные, так и инновационные подходы, формы, методы, приемы, которые отвечали актуальным задачам школьного образования первой половины 1950-х годов; выделены достижения и проблемы в методической работе со школьными учителями города. Критическое осмысление накопленного опыта прошлого позволяет говорить о его значении для современной системы организации методической поддержки школьных учителей, что свидетельствует о теоретической значимости проведенного автором статьи исследования, а введение в научный оборот новых архивных материалов, попытка дать авторскую оценку прошлого опыта методической работы с позиции достижений и недостатков — о его научной новизне. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы научными работниками, преподавателями, студентами при изучении истории педагогики и образования.

Analyzing the experience of methodological support of teachers of city schools of Ryazan in the stated period is relevant for modern theory and practice of methodological work with teaching professionals. The article employs theoretical methods of critical analysis of pedagogical sources and archival materials and analyzes the practical experience of methodological work with teachers of schools in the city of Ryazan. The research proves that both traditional and innovative approaches, forms, methods, and techniques were used in the methodological support of school teachers, which met the current tasks of school education in the first half of the 1950s. It highlights the achievements and problems in methodological work with school teachers in the city. A critical consideration of the experience accumulated in the past allows us to state its significance for the modern system of methodological support for school teachers. This testifies to the theoretical importance of the research conducted, and the introduction of new archival materials into scientific discussion. The author evaluates the past experience of methodological work focusing on the achievements and shortcomings, which accounts for scientific novelty of the article. The conclusions of the research can be used by education scholars, teachers, and college students studying the history of pedagogy and education.
К вопросу о формировании интереса к иностранному языку у студентов неязыкового вуза (из опыта работы Удмуртского государственного аграрного университета)
Authors: Т.В. Сарафанова , В.М. Литвинова
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема формирования устойчивого интереса студентов неязыкового вуза к изучению иностранного языка. Отмечается значение иностранного языка в развитии профессиональной компетентности и конкурентоспособности будущих специалистов на рынке труда. Целью исследования является определение наиболее эффективных методов обучения студентов неязыкового вуза для повышения интереса к изучению иностранного языка. В качестве основополагающего принципа в обучении студентов авторами рассматривается деятельностный подход, в рамках которого предполагается совместная деятельность преподавателя и студента. В ходе эксперимента авторами были применены эффективные методики для формирования интереса к изучению иностранного языка у студентов, такие как диалоговые техники, составление ментальных карт. Применение ассоциативного метода при работе с профессионально ориентированной лексикой, а также выполнение проблемных творческих заданий в процессе обучения доказывает их эффективность в повышении интереса к изучению дисциплины. Практическая значимость использованных методов при преподавании иностранного языка у студентов неязыкового вуза подтверждается экспериментальной работой. Ключевые слова: изучение иностранного языка, устойчивый интерес, профессиональная компетентность, конкурентоспособность, деятельностный подход, эффективные методики, проблемные задания, профессионально ориентированная лексика, ассоциативный метод.

The article deals with the formation of sustainable interest of students of non-language university in learning a foreign language. The paper states the importance of foreign languages in the development of professional competence and competitiveness of future specialists in the labor market. The aim of the study is to determine the most effective methods of teaching non-language university students in order to increase their interest in learning a foreign language. The authors consider the activity approach as a fundamental principle in teaching students, which involves joint activities of teachers and students. In the course of the experiment the authors applied effective methods for the formation of interest in learning a foreign language among students, such as dialog techniques and mind mapping. Application of the associative method when working with professionally oriented vocabulary, as well as performance of problem creative tasks in the learning process proves their effectiveness in increasing interest in the study of the discipline. The practical significance of the methods used in teaching a foreign language to students of a non-language university is confirmed by experimental work.
Подготовка будущих педагогов к применению дистанционных образовательных технологий: результаты онлайн-опроса
Authors: В.А. Фулин
Published: November 2024

Формирование готовности будущих педагогов к применению дистанционных образовательных технологий является необходимым условием для удовлетворения потребностей цифровой экономики в кадрах. Целью исследования является изучение и анализ взглядов студентов, обучающихся по педагогическим направлениям, на потенциал дистанционных образовательных технологий в учебном процессе. Исследование основано на теоретических (анализ, систематизация, обобщение положений научной литературы по теме исследования) и эмпирических методах (анализ результатов опроса студентов). Сделан вывод, что в условиях цифровой трансформации образования у будущего педагога необходимо сформировать ИКТ-компетенции, связанные с применением дистанционных образовательных технологий, созданием интерактивного контента, организацией и проведением вебинаров, размещением лекционного материала, осуществлением коммуникации между участниками учебного процесса в цифровой образовательной среде. Перспективы исследований могут быть связаны с анализом влияния некоторых групп сквозных технологий на учебный процесс с элементами дистанционных образовательных технологий и подготовкой студентов к их использованию в профессиональной деятельности.

The formation of future teachers’ readiness to use distance education technologies is a necessary condition for meeting the needs of the digital economy in professionals. The purpose of the research is to study and analyze the views of students trained for educational careers concerning the potential of distance learning technologies in the educational process. The study is based on theoretical (analysis, systematization, review of research literature on the topic) and empirical methods (analysis of student survey results). It is concluded that in the conditions of digital transformation of education in the future teacher it is necessary to form ICT competencies related to using distance learning technologies, creation of interactive content, organization and conduct of webinars, uploading of lecture materials, organizing communication between participants of the educational process in the digital environment. Further prospects for this research can be related to the analysis of the impact of some groups of end-to-end technologies on the educational process with elements of distance education technologies and training students to employ them in professional activities.
REVIT COMO FERRAMENTA DE MODELAGEM PARA ALVENARIA ESTRUTURAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: CRIADO T. C. , PAGOTO L. M. , PEREIRA A. M. , FAZZAN J. V. , SILVA JUNIOR G. P.
Published: November 2024

O uso do Autodesk Revit no desenvolvimento de projetos de alvenaria estrutural proporciona inúmeras vantagens ao permitir a criação de modelos tridimensionais precisos e integrados. O livro desde os conceitos básicos de instalação e configuração até o detalhamento das principais ferramentas e comandos específicos para projetos de alvenaria estrutural.
No decorrer do livro, será explorado o passo a passo para a criação de plantas de fiadas, elevações, aplicação de filtros e modulação de elementos como graute, vigas e canaletas. Observa-se também como o Revit simplifica o processo de quantificação de materiais e emissão de pranchas, elementos fundamentais para o planejamento e controle de obras.
Espera-se que este livro sirva como um guia claro e eficaz, proporcionando um entendimento adequado das funcionalidades do Revit aplicadas à alvenaria estrutural.
Hip Extensor Weakness and Hip Displacement Angle During Gait in Post Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Subjects: A Correlativestudy
Authors: Das Chatrajeet , Anand Dev , Thakur Deepmala
Published: November 2024

Background and Purpose of the Study: The anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) subject’s exhibit altered hip moment pattern during early stance suggesting that the hip doesn’t re- establish normal joint moment characteristics at 3 months post-surgery. Weak hip extensors and quadriceps of the injured leg could lead to reduced hip extension and therefore a reduced hip displacement angle (HDA), and step length.  Method: An observational correlative study was conducted at HOSMAT Hospital physiotherapy OPD with a Sample size of 30. Outcome measures used were Hip extension (HE), Hip extensor strength (HES) and Hip Displacement Angle (HDA).  Results: 30 subjects with a Mean (SD) age of 28.27 (±5.85) yrs. 1 female and 29 males were included. There was statistical significant difference in all 3 outcome measures (HE, HES and HDA) in affected side compared to un-affected side, using paired “t” test. Correlations among the normalized outcome measures were done using pearson’s correlation co-efficient. re =0.450 (p=0.013) for HE and HES, rs = 0.346 (p=0.061) for HES and HDA, ra = 0.328 (p=0.077) for HDA and HE. This study showed a weak correlation among the outcome measures.  Conclusion: In this study significant difference was appreciated in all the 3 outcome measures between affected and unaffected side. HE and HES was decreased in affected side compare to unaffected side after 3 weeks of ACLR and increase in HDA in the affected side. Statistical correlation among the outcome measures showed very weak correlation among them.
Modeling the Wavelength Dependence of Pixel Response Nonuniformity of a CCD Sensor
Authors: Luo Zun , Du Wei , Chen Baocun , Meng Xianmin , Zhan Hu
Published: November 2024

Precision measurements in astronomy require stringent control of systematics such as those arising from imperfect correction of sensor effects. In this work, we develop a parametric method to model the wavelength dependence of pixel response nonuniformity (PRNU) for a laser-annealed backside-illuminated charge-coupled device. The model accurately reproduces the PRNU patterns of flat-field images taken at nine wavelengths from 290 to 950 nm, leaving the rms residuals no more than 0.2% in most cases. By removing the large-scale nonuniformity in the flat fields, the rms residuals are further reduced. This model fitting approach gives more accurate predictions of the PRNU than cubic-spline interpolation does with fewer free parameters. It can be applied to make PRNU corrections for individual objects according to their spectral energy distribution to reduce the photometry errors caused by the wavelength-dependent PRNU, if sub-percent level precision is required.
Particles in Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Jets. II. Bridging Jet Dynamics with Multi–wave band Nonthermal Emission Signatures
Authors: Dubey Ravi Pratap , Fendt Christian , Vaidya Bhargav
Published: November 2024

Relativistic magnetized jets, originating near black holes, are observed to exhibit substructured flows. In this study, we present synthetic synchrotron-emission signatures for different lines of sight and frequencies, derived from three-dimensional relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of pc-scale Active Galactic Nuclei jets. These simulations apply different injection nozzles, injecting steady, variable, and precessing jets. Extending our previous study, here, we have developed a bridge to connect jet dynamics and particle acceleration within relativistic shocks with nonthermal radiation dominant in jets. The emission is derived from Lagrangian particles—injected into the jet and following the fluid—accelerated through diffusive shock acceleration and subsequently cooled by emitting energy via synchrotron and inverse-Compton processes. Overall, the different shock structures lead to the formation of numerous localized emission patterns—interpreted as jet knots. These knot patterns can fade or flare, also as a consequence of merging or Doppler boosting, leading to jet variability. We find knots with high-enough pattern speed supposed to be visible as superluminal motion ≲5c. Synchrotron spectra of all jets reveal double-humped structures, reflecting multiple electron populations characterized by the nature of underlying shock and their age. The precessing jet is the most powerful emitter, featuring a spectrum flatter than the steady and the variable jet. The emission, although essentially governed by the acceleration through shocks, depends on the cooling history of the particle as well. Overall, the continuous reacceleration of electrons through shocks along the jet we found is an essential prerequisite for observing extended jet emission over large timescales and length scales.
New Measurements of the Lyα Forest Continuum and Effective Optical Depth with LyCAN and DESI Y1 Data
Authors: Turner Wynne , Martini Paul , Karaçaylı Naim Göksel , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Brooks D. , Claybaugh T. , de la Macorra A. , Dey A. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J . E. , Gontcho A Gontcho S. , Gonzalez-Morales A. X. , Gutierrez G. , Guy J. , Herrera-Alcantar H. K. , Honscheid K. , Juneau S. , Kisner T. , Kremin A. , Lambert A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A. D. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Rezaie M. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlafly E. F. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell Michael F. , Seo H. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Weaver B. A. , Zou H.
Published: November 2024

We present the Lyα Continuum Analysis Network (LyCAN), a convolutional neural network that predicts the unabsorbed quasar continuum within the rest-frame wavelength range of 1040–1600 Å based on the red side of the Lyα emission line (1216–1600 Å). We developed synthetic spectra based on a Gaussian mixture model representation of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) coefficients. These coefficients were derived from high-resolution, low-redshift (z < 0.2) Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) quasar spectra. We supplemented this COS-based synthetic sample with an equal number of DESI Year 5 mock spectra. LyCAN performs extremely well on testing sets, achieving a median error in the forest region of 1.5% on the DESI mock sample, 2.0% on the COS-based synthetic sample, and 4.1% on the original COS spectra. LyCAN outperforms principal component analysis (PCA) and NMF-based prediction methods using the same training set by 40% or more. We predict the intrinsic continua of 83,635 DESI Year 1 spectra in the redshift range of 2.1 ≤ z ≤ 4.2 and perform an absolute measurement of the evolution of the effective optical depth. This is the largest sample employed to measure the optical depth evolution to date. We fit a power law of the form

τ

(
z
)
=

τ

0

(
1
+
z
)

γ

to our measurements and find τ
0 = (2.46 ± 0.14) × 10−3 and γ = 3.62 ± 0.04. Our results show particular agreement with high-resolution, ground-based observations around z = 2, indicating that LyCAN is able to predict the quasar continuum in the forest region with only spectral information outside the forest.
Photospheric Hot Spots at Solar Coronal Loop Footpoints Revealed by Hyperspectral Imaging Observations
Authors: Chitta L. P. , van Noort M. , Smitha H. N. , Priest E. R. , Rouppe van der Voort L. H. M.
Published: November 2024

Poynting flux generated by random shuffling of photospheric magnetic footpoints is transferred through the upper atmosphere of the Sun where the plasma is heated to over 1 MK in the corona. High spatiotemporal resolution observations of the lower atmosphere at the base of coronal magnetic loops are crucial to better understand the nature of the footpoint dynamics and the details of magnetic processes that eventually channel energy into the corona. Here, we report high spatial resolution (∼0.″1) and cadence (1.33 s) hyperspectral imaging of the solar Hα line, acquired by the Microlensed Hyperspectral Imager prototype installed at the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope, that reveal photospheric hot spots at the base of solar coronal loops. These hot spots manifest themselves as Hα wing enhancements, occurring on small spatial scales of ∼0.″2, and timescales of less than 100 s. By assuming that the Hα wings and the continuum form under the local thermodynamic equilibrium condition, we inverted the Hα line profiles and found that the hot spots are compatible with a temperature increase of about 1000 K above the ambient quiet-Sun temperature. The Hα wing integrated Stokes V/I maps indicate that hot spots are related to magnetic patches with field strengths comparable to or even stronger that the surrounding network elements. But they do not show the presence of parasitic polarity magnetic field that would support the interpretation that these hot spots are reconnection-driven Ellerman bombs. Therefore, we interpret these features as proxies of locations where convection-driven magnetic field intensification in the photosphere can lead to energy transfer into higher layers. We suggest that such hot spots at coronal loop footpoints may be indicative of the specific locations and onset of energy flux injection into the upper atmosphere.
Six Maxims of Statistical Acumen for Astronomical Data Analysis
Authors: Tak Hyungsuk , Chen Yang , Kashyap Vinay L. , Mandel Kaisey S. , Meng Xiao-Li , Siemiginowska Aneta , van Dyk David A.
Published: November 2024

The acquisition of complex astronomical data is accelerating, especially with newer telescopes producing ever more large-scale surveys. The increased quantity, complexity, and variety of astronomical data demand a parallel increase in skill and sophistication in developing, deciding, and deploying statistical methods. Understanding limitations and appreciating nuances in statistical and machine learning methods and the reasoning behind them is essential for improving data-analytic proficiency and acumen. Aiming to facilitate such improvement in astronomy, we delineate cautionary tales in statistics via six maxims, with examples drawn from the astronomical literature. Inspired by the significant quality improvement in business and manufacturing processes by the routine adoption of Six Sigma, we hope the routine reflection on these six maxims will improve the quality of both data analysis and scientific findings in astronomy.
An Upgraded Line List for Radiative Transitions between the B
2Σ+, A
2Π, and X
2Σ+ States of the CN Radical
Authors: Kozlov S. V. , Terashkevich V. A. , Pazyuk E. A. , Stolyarov A. V. , Yurchenko S. N. , Tennyson J.
Published: November 2024

The global mass-invariant coupled-channel deperturbation model of the B
2Σ+, A
2Π, and X
2Σ+ states of the CN radical, which reproduces the overall rovibronic term values of mutually perturbed levels with almost spectroscopic accuracy, has been utilized to produce complete line lists of radiative transitions between the X
2Σ+, B
2Σ+, and A
2Π1/2;3/2 states of CN isotopologues. The Einstein A emission coefficients generated for the A − X, B − X, and B − A transitions provide both lifetimes of the excited states as well as the B → A/X branching ratios. The ab initio permanent and transition dipole moments required are revisited within the framework of the multireference configuration interaction and of the averaged coupled-pair functional methods. An upgraded line list is provided in ExoMol format and employed to simulate intensity distribution into the high-temperature air plasma B → X and A → X spectra as well as in the rotational resolved B → X/A emission bands undergoing strong local B ∼ A ∼ X perturbations. A comparison with laboratory and astronomical spectra shows that the present line list significantly improves the treatment of both locally perturbed and highly excited rotational levels of the B ∼ A ∼ X complex.
Some features of geological structure of the Shikotan Island (Lesser Kuril Arc)—A view from "Space"
Authors: Terekhov Evgeny P , Mozherovsky Anatoly V
Published: November 2024

In this paper, for the first time, we used Google Earth, an easily accessible method for obtaining geological information to study Shikotan Island (Lesser Kuril Arc). Google Earth flight mode made it possible to examine coastal cliffs on the island, which are inaccessible for hiking or walking, whereas 3-D visualization mode helped us study topographic features, tectonic dislocations, and sediment layering hidden by vegetation and soil, thereby significantly expanding understanding of the geologic structure of the island. Researchers conducting studies in the northwestern part of the island (Tat'yana Cape) discovered a previously unknown structure—a dike field. In the southern part, two thrust faults were identified: An unnamed peak and Tomari Mountain, previously considered a volcano. In the southwestern part of Shikotan Island, there are four unknown volcanic peaks. Together with the Notoro Volcano, they mark the rim of an interpreted caldera of a paleovolcano, which could have been the main unknown source of tuffaceous material for the Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits of the Matakotanskaya, Malokuril'skaya, and Zelenovskaya Suites. It has been shown that the gabbroid massif of Tsunami Bay (northeastern part of the island) is an autochthonous (local) formation, and not allochthonous, that is, brought from the Pacific Ocean, as evidenced by an intrusive contact with the rocks of the Malokuril'skaya Suite. Despite these positive results, analysis of satellite images of Shikotan Island unexpectedly has not confirmed the existence of the Central Shikotan thrust fault, the largest previously mapped tectonic structure on the island. This work confirms that Google Earth is a very useful tool for geological research in remote areas.
Stray dogs as carriers of E. coli resistant strains for the retracted and re-emerged antibiotic colistin, based on the mcr-1 gene presence
Authors: Tsakmakidis Ioannis , Parisi Anastasia , Papadopoulos Dimitrios K. , Alvanou Maria V. , Papageorgiou Konstantinos V. , Petridou Evanthia , Giantsis Ioannis A.
Published: November 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is becoming a major problem for animal and human health. Reports of resistance to colistin, an antibiotic that is considered a last resort drug against resistant Gram-negative bacteria, have been increasing over the last years. Among the different mechanisms that cause AMR to colistin, the mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) gene has been reported as responsible for the increased incidence in animals and humans since 2015. There are ten recognized distinct variants of this gene in bacteria isolated from animals, humans, food, and the environment. Companion animals could have a role in human infection by pathogenic and resistant E. coli strains as they share the same environment and are in close contact with humans. Considering this, our aim was to investigate antimicrobial resistance in companion domestic and stray dogs in Western Macedonia, Greece. Our results revealed that of the 43 individual fecal samples examined, 16% of them hosted the mcr-1 gene, all of which were isolated from stray dogs. Our results suggested that companion dogs and stray dogs can serve as reservoirs for colistin-resistant E. coli strains.
Las bibliotecas universitarias ante el reiterado temor a su irrelevancia
Authors: Anglada i de Ferrer Lluís Ma.
Published: November 2024

Los cambios tecnológicos llegan en pequeñas oleadas o en forma de maremoto; mientras que los primeros se incorporan a la praxis profesional de forma progresiva y no traumática, los segundos generan reacciones más profundas, que pueden ir del rechazo a la adhesión inquebrantable a la novedad del momento. La gestión del cambio tecnológico es, pues, un componente de la dinámica profesional y, para ello, lo primero es caracterizar el cambio. Michael Buckland, en 1992, analizó los servicios bibliotecarios basándose en la tecnología usada y distinguió tres momentos o fases: la biblioteca papel, la automatizada y la electrónica; a éstos se añade un cuarto momento (el actual) al que le da el nombre de biblioteca interoperada. El artículo: (1) contextualiza cada una de las fases en el contexto español, (2) observa que cada fase ha venido acompañada del anuncio de la irrelevancia futura de las bibliotecas, y (3) sostiene que las predicciones pesimistas no se cumplieron por haber subordinado la innovación tecnológica a la mejora de la eficacia del sistema bibliotecario. Se caracteriza lo que se ha denominado biblioteca interoperada y se razonan los cambios y adaptaciones que las bibliotecas deberían acometer para mantener su valor para la universidad. Estos serían de dos tipos. Con respecto a los servicios, las bibliotecas deberían planificar una retirada ordenada de lo impreso, entrar de lleno en el movimiento de la ciencia abierta y estar atentas a los cambios que se produzcan en el aprendizaje. Se concluye que los instrumentos para mantener su relevancia deben ser los que ya ayudaron a adaptarse a otros cambios tecnológicos: reorganización y creación de nuevos servicios, formación del personal y refuerzo de las estructuras cooperativas.
How salient are sarcastic questions?
Authors: Levant Efrat , Katzir Nicole
Published: November 2024

Cet article explore le lien entre la saillance et le sarcasme en se concentrant sur trois constructions interrogatives qui peuvent véhiculer à la fois des significations sarcastiques et littérales – les questions WH suivies d'une auto-réponse, les questions alternatives et les questions polaires disjonctives. Une recherche de corpus à grande échelle a été menée sur trois corpus distincts d'anglais américain afin de déterminer comment ces constructions interrogatives utilisent la saillance pour encoder le sarcasme, et comment la saillance contribue à la préférence de leur sens sarcastique par rapport au sens littéral. Tout d'abord, nous examinerons la saillance du sarcasme en comparant la distribution des questions sarcastiques entre un corpus télévisé parlé et non scénarisé (COCA), un corpus téléphonique parlé (Switchboard) et un corpus web écrit (NLDS). L'objectif principal de cette comparaison était d'explorer si le sarcasme est significativement plus saillant dans un corpus que dans les autres. Les résultats montrent qu'il y a significativement plus de questions sarcastiques dans le corpus web écrit que dans les corpus parlés non scriptés, ce qui suggère que le sarcasme est significativement plus saillant dans ce corpus que dans les autres. Nous attribuons ces résultats à la saillance situationnelle et émotionnelle provenant des arènes discursives distinctes. Deuxièmement, nous examinerons la distribution des différents types de questions pour voir si le sens sarcastique est significativement plus saillant dans l'une des trois constructions interrogatives que dans les autres. Les résultats montrent que les questions WH suivies d'une auto-réponse sont la construction la plus sarcastique des trois examinées, et que son sens sarcastique est plus saillant que celui des questions alternatives et des questions polaires disjonctives. Nous attribuons ces résultats à des propriétés syntaxiques intrinsèques et à la notion de prévisibilité et l’inattendu. Nous concluons l'article par des réflexions sur les travaux futurs nécessaires pour approfondir notre compréhension des questions sarcastiques saillantes.
Driving Nurse-Led Research in the Acute Care Setting
Authors: Lane Todd , Bavarian Joubin , Aquila Anne , Green Cheryl , Quito Andy , Forte Kenneth , Christofferson Mary , Thayer Lauren
Published: November 2024

The practice of nursing is one that has a scientific basis. Daily, nurses apply physics in the use of positional therapy, chemistry in the interpretation of laboratory results, biology in understanding how the human host incubates disease, pathophysiology in the physical assessment of patients and identification of diseases and conditions, and pharmacology in the administration of medications. It therefore, is not a difficult transition for nurses to learn the value of evidenced-based practice and research in improving the clinical outcomes for our patients. Hence, bedside nurse leaders in collaboration with healthcare librarians, nurse leaders and nurse researchers can develop Nurse Research and Evidence-Based Practice Councils (Committees) that investigate and translate into actual practice innovations.