bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Algorithm for Time Prediction Signal Interference Detection Based on the LSTM-SVM Model
Authors: Xiao Ningbo , Song Zuxun
Published: March 2022

Interference detection is an important part of the electronic defense system. It is difficult to detect interference with the traditional method of extracting characteristic parameters for interference generated at the same frequency as the original signal. Aiming at this special time-frequency overlapping interference signal, this paper proposes an interference detection algorithm based on the long short-term memory-support vector machines (LSTM-SVM) model. LSTM is used for the time series prediction of the received signal. The difference between the predicted signal and the received signal is used as the feature sample, and the SVM algorithm is used to classify the feature samples to obtain the recognition rate of whether the sample has interference. The LSTM-SVM model is compared with the gate recurrent unit-support vector machines (GRU-SVM) model, and the comparison results are visualized using a confusion matrix. The simulation results show that this LSTM-SVM model algorithm cannot only detect the existence of the interference signal but also can determine the specific position of the interference signal in the received waveform, and the detection performance is better than the GRU-SVM model.
Rural Road Network Planning Based on 5G and Traffic Big Data
Authors: Zhu Minqing , Wang Zi , Cui Hongjun , Yao Sheng
Published: March 2022

In order to adapt to the healthy development of China’s road network and the prosperity of the rural economy, rural roads are facing the need to continue to promote the construction of roads that reach deeper nodes. It is urgent to conduct in-depth and systematic research on the planning methods of China’s rural networked roads. A road network model oriented to rural road network planning is proposed. First, the traffic demand is predicted, and then remote sensing technology and computer technology are used to evaluate the technical performance of the rural road network. The experimental results show that the comprehensive evaluation index value is 0.8 by combining the weight of each index, and the planning scheme is comprehensively evaluated. The evaluation results show that the program better supports the local social and economic development.
An English Translation Quality Evaluation Model Integrating Knowledge Transfer and Wireless Network
Authors: Li Xiaojing
Published: March 2022

Machine translation is to automatically translate one natural language text into another. It is one of the important applications of natural language processing. The research of machine translation is closely related to machine translation evaluation technology. Therefore, with the progress of machine translation technology in recent years, researchers are also committed to designing more reasonable evaluation methods. Manual evaluation is costly, time-consuming, and subjective, so it has been difficult to provide practical help for the development of machine translation systems. Finding a feasible automatic machine translation evaluation method has been a hot spot in machine translation evaluation research in recent years. Based on this, this paper proposes an English translation quality evaluation model integrating knowledge transfer and wireless network. Firstly, wireless network technology is used to coordinate multitasks, and then knowledge transfer optimization technology is used to construct an English translation quality evaluation model. In this paper, simulation experiments are designed to verify the effectiveness of the model. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the evaluation method based on fusion technology is significantly improved compared with the existing evaluation methods.
Experimental Research on Waste Fiber Recycled Concrete Beam-to-Column Joints under Monotonic Loading
Authors: Zhou Jinghai , Jin Liwei , Qu Jingtong , Sun Hong , Kang Tianbei , Yuan Ye , Liu Yu
Published: March 2022

The mechanical properties, failure forms, and deformation characteristics of 10 beam-to-column joints under monotonic loads were compared and analyzed. The design variables were waste fiber content (0.08%, 0.12%, and 0.16%), waste fiber length (12 mm, 19 mm, and 30 mm), and replacement rate of recycled aggregates (0%, 50%, and 100%). The results indicated that, under an axial compression ratio of 0.4, all specimens underwent plastic hinge failure at the beam end under monotonic loading and experienced four stages of the initial cracking, full-cracking, limit, and failure stages. There was no shear oblique crack in the core area of the joint, and no shear failure occurred. When the replacement of recycled aggregates is 50%, the tensile strength of concrete mixed with a specific amount of fibers can be effectively improved. The ultimate bearing capacity of the beam end is improved when the length and volume of the waste fibers are 19 mm and 0.12%, respectively. The ratios between the calculated and tested ultimate bearing capacity of beam-column joints are in the 0.99–1.10 range, and the calculated and tested values are in good agreement.
Psoriasis between Autoimmunity and Oxidative Stress: Changes Induced by Different Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Medovic Marija V. , Jakovljevic Vladimir Lj. , Zivkovic Vladimir I. , Jeremic Nevena S. , Jeremic Jovana N. , Bolevich Sergey B. , Ravic Nikolic Ana B. , Milicic Vesna M. , Srejovic Ivan M.
Published: March 2022

Psoriasis is defined as chronic, immune-mediated disease. Regardless of the development of new therapeutic approaches, the precise etiology of psoriasis remains unknown and speculative. The aim of this review was to systematize the results of previous research on the role of oxidative stress and aberrant immune response in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, as well as the impact of certain therapeutic modalities on the oxidative status in patients with psoriasis. Complex immune pathways of both the innate and adaptive immune systems appear to be major pathomechanisms in the development of psoriasis. Oxidative stress represents another important contributor to the pathophysiology of disease, and the redox imbalance in psoriasis has been reported in skin cells and, systemically, in plasma and blood cells, and more recently, also in saliva. Current immune model of psoriasis begins with activation of immune system in susceptible person by some environmental factor and loss of immune tolerance to psoriasis autoantigens. Increased production of IL-17 appears to be the most prominent role in psoriasis pathogenesis, while IL-23 is recognized as master regulator in psoriasis having a specific role in cross bridging the production of IL-17 by innate and acquired immunity. Other proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-22, IL-26, IL-29, or IL-36, have also been reported to play important roles in the development of psoriasis. Oxidative stress can promote inflammation through several signaling pathways. The most noticeable and most powerful antioxidative effects exert various biologics compared to more convenient therapeutic modalities, such as methotrexate or phototherapy. The complex interaction of redox, immune, and inflammatory signaling pathways should be focused on further researches tackling the pathophysiology of psoriasis, while antioxidative supplementation could be the solution in some refractory cases of the disease.
Thermal Pyrolysis of Used Tyres to Produce Liquid Fuel: Process Optimization and How It Compares to Microwave Pyrolysis
Authors: Bett Ronald K. , Kumar Anil , Siagi Zachary O. , Mibei Zeddy C.
Published: March 2022

Used tyres are not biodegradable, and the current methods of disposal pose a threat to the environment. Such tyres can be valorised through decomposition to produce liquid fuel, an alternative diesel fuel, using thermal pyrolysis technique. Microwave pyrolysis is an alternate method which uses microwave irradiation, saves energy, and is better environmentally. The main objective of this study was to perform microwave pyrolysis of used tyres to produce liquid fuel and compare with thermal pyrolysis. The specific objectives were to study the effects of pyrolysis operating variables and optimization of liquid fuel yield for thermal pyrolysis, compare with microwave pyrolysis, and characterize the liquid fuel. Thermal pyrolysis variables were reaction temperature, reaction time, and particle size. Thermal pyrolysis reaction temperatures were 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700°C; reaction time 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100, and 120 minutes. Particle sizes were 25, 50, 60, 100, 125, and 200mm2. Thermal pyrolysis was carried out in furnace fabricated using furnace clay rated 600 W. A 500 ml round bottomed flask was used as a reactor. Design Expert 13 was used for data analysis and optimization, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for chemical composition analysis, while physiochemical properties were tested using standard methods. The yield of the liquid product was correlated as a quadratic function of the reaction variables. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the effects of operating variables and identify points of optimal yields. The yield decreased as particle size increased. Yield increased with increase in temperature optima being 500°C. Yield increased with increase in reaction time, and the pyrolysis time was 80 minutes. The highest liquid yield of 40.4 wt. % corresponded to temperature of 500°C, time of 80 min for 60 mm2 size. The calorific value for liquid fuel was 47.31 MJ/kg and GC-MS analysis showed that the oil comprised of complex mixtures of organic compounds with limonene, toluene, and xylene as major components. When compared to the published literature on microwave pyrolysis, both processes gave similar maximum yield but microwave process was superior due to a 77.5% reduction in reaction time, resulting in a 73.02% saving in energy requirement.
Self-Adaptive Predictor-Corrector Approach for General Variational Inequalities Using a Fixed-Point Formulation
Authors: Sanaullah Kubra , Ullah Saleem , Arif Muhammad Shoaib , Abodayeh Kamaleldin , Fayyaz Rabia
Published: March 2022

A literature review revealed that the general variational inequalities, fixed-point problems, and Winner–Hopf equations are equivalent. In this study, general variational inequality and fixed-point problem are considered. We introduced a new iterative method based on a self-adaptive predictor-corrector approach for finding a solution to the GVI. Adaptations in the fixed-point formulation and self-adaptive techniques have been used to predict a novel iterative approach. Convergence analyses of the suggested algorithm are demonstrated. Moreover, numerical analysis shows that we establish the new best method for solving general variational inequality which performs better than the previous one. Furthermore, it is known that GVI consisted of several classes including variational inequalities and related optimization problems, and results obtained in this study continue to hold for these problems.
A Review of High-Energy Density Lithium-Air Battery Technology: Investigating the Effect of Oxides and Nanocatalysts
Authors: Suryatna Asep , Raya Indah , Thangavelu Lakshmi , Alhachami Firas Rahi , Kadhim Mustafa M. , Altimari Usama S. , Mahmoud Zaid H. , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Kianfar Ehsan
Published: March 2022

In vehicles that require a lot of electricity, such as electric vehicles, it is necessary to use high-energy batteries. Among the developed batteries, the lithium-ion battery has shown better performance. This battery has an energy density of 10 equal to that of a lithium-ion battery and uses air oxygen as the active material of the cathode and anode like a lithium-ion battery made of lithium metal. The cathode used in these batteries must have special properties such as strong catalytic activity and high conductivity, and nanotechnology has greatly helped to improve the materials used in the cathode of lithium-air batteries. The importance of proper catalyst distribution and the relationship between the oxide product and the catalyst and the indirect effect of the ORR catalyst on the OER reaction is not present in the fuel cell. The maximum capacity of lithium-air battery theory using graphene under optimal electron conduction conditions and the experimental maximum obtained for graphene by optimizing the structure geometry, examples of structural engineering using carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes in cathode fabrication with the ability to perform the reaction properly while providing space for lithium oxide placement, are examined. This article describes the mechanism of this battery, and its components are examined. The challenges of using this battery and the application of nanotechnology to solve these challenges are also discussed.
Bach2: A Key Regulator in Th2-Related Immune Cells and Th2 Immune Response
Authors: Liu Guo , Liu Feng
Published: March 2022

Th2 immune response is essential for providing protection against pathogens and orchestrating humoral immunity. However, excessive Th2 immune response leads to the pathogenesis of Th2 inflammation diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Emerging evidence suggest a critical role of the transcription factor Bach2 in regulating Th2 immune responses. Bach2 serves as a super enhancer and transcriptional repressor to control the differentiation and maturation of Th2-related immune cells such as B cell lineages and T cell lineages. In B cells, Bach2 is required for every stage of B cell development and can delay the class switch recombination and antibody-producing plasma cell differentiation. In T cell lineages, Bach2 suppresses the CD4+ T cell differentiation into Th2 cells, restrains Th2 cytokine production, and promotes the generation and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells to balance the immune activity. Furthermore, studies in various animal models show that Bach2 knockout animals spontaneously develop Th2 inflammation in the airway and gastrointestinal tract. Genome-wide association studies have identified various susceptibility loci of Bach2 which are linked with Th2 inflammatory diseases such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we discuss the critical role of Bach2 involved in the Th2 immune response and associated inflammatory diseases.
A Survey on Public Key Encryption with Keyword Search: Taxonomy and Methods
Authors: Noorallahzade M.H. , Alimoradi R. , Gholami A.
Published: March 2022

Given the many benefits that cloud computing brings, organizations tend to outsource most of their data to reduce a large portion of their costs, but concern about the privacy of data is a major obstacle to outsourcing sensitive data. To solve this problem, public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS) is suggested, which is a widely used method. Addressing this issue separately is beneficial because PEKS does not require a secure communication channel and key distribution. Therefore, at first glance, it seems that PEKS schemes should be used more in practical applications. Thus, reviewing and categorizing PEKS schemes are very important and necessary. In this article, we have tried to help reviewing the public key searchable encryption and categorizing these designs.
Investigation on the Status Quo of Students’ Physical Fitness Based on Wireless Communication Networks and Analysis of Influencing Factors
Authors: Zeng Ping
Published: March 2022

Students are the future of the nation and the hope of the country. The physical health of adolescents can to a large extent reflect the level of political, economic, and cultural development of a country. The healthy growth of young people is the driving force behind the prosperity of the Chinese nation. The improvement of the physical fitness of young people is related to the healthy development of every student and the happiness of thousands of households. Students are the driving force for the development of a region and even a country, and their physical health is closely related to the prosperity and development of the region and the country. The physical health of students is very severe, various indicators are declining, and it is urgent to investigate the status quo of students’ physical fitness and analyze the influencing factors. This paper mainly designs a wireless communication platform to detect the physical status of students and optimize the wireless communication network. This paper investigates the students’ weight, vital capacity, 50 m running, and sitting posture. It is found that freshman girls who failed sitting posture accounted for 3%, sophomore girls 2%, junior girls 2.6%, and senior girls 4.8%. The first-year boys who failed the sitting position accounted for 6%, the second-year boys 3.4%, the third-year boys 9.2%, and the fourth-year boys 9.3%.
Boundary Value Problem for the Langevin Equation and Inclusion with the Hilfer Fractional Derivative
Authors: Hilal Khalid , Kajouni Ahmed , Lmou Hamid
Published: March 2022

In this work, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of solution for a boundary value problem for the Langevin equation and inclusion with the Hilfer fractional derivative. First of all, we give some definitions, theorems, and lemmas that are necessary for the understanding of the manuscript. Second of all, we give our first existence result, based on Krasnoselskii’s fixed point, and to deal with the uniqueness result, we use Banach’s contraction principle. Third of all, in the inclusion case, to obtain the existence result, we use the Leray–Schauder alternative. Last but not least, we give an illustrative example.
Retrograde Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Case of Takayasu Arteritis with Left Main Coronary Artery Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Kumar Prathap , Jino Blessvin , Roy Stalin , Rajendran Manu
Published: March 2022

Background. Takayasu arteritis (TA) frequently involves the coronary arteries, and restenosis is common after initial percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, PCI remains a good option for patients who develop graft failure after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Drug-coated balloons help in repeat revascularization after stent failure in TA. Case Presentation. A 31-year-old female with previous history of Takayasu arteritis (TA) and CABG with left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to left anterior descending artery (LAD) grafting in 2012, presented to us with exertional angina of 6-month duration. Her coronary angiogram showed total occlusion of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) ostium and atretic LIMA graft. Since the guiding catheter could not engage the LMCA, a retrograde approach was planned. After lesion crossing, the retrograde guidewire could not be externalized even after multiple attempts. Hence, a repeat antegrade approach was tried, and antegrade wire crossed through the channel created by the retrograde microcatheter. Then, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guided LMCA-LAD stenting was done. The patient was started on dual antiplatelets and prednisolone and was on regular follow-up. Three months later, the patient presented to us with non-ST elevation MI. Coronary angiogram showed critical in-stent restenosis of the LMCA stent, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed diffuse neointimal hyperplasia. OCT-guided PCI using sirolimus-coated balloon was done. On 8 months of follow-up, the patient remains symptom free. Conclusion. Coronary artery disease in TA may require repeated interventions due to stent/graft failure. Drug-coated balloons play a crucial role in repeat revascularization for stent failure in TA. Retrograde approach increases the technical success rate of PCI in LMCA-CTO.
Construction and Simulation of Market Risk Warning Model Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhao Li , Gao Yafei , Kang Dongwei
Published: March 2022

The market is intricate and complicated, and the existing risk warning models have problems of low efficiency and poor generalization in predicting market risk data. Aiming at the problems, this study takes stock market risk warning as the research object and proposes a market risk warning model based on LSTM-VaR. 15 variables in the three categories of basic transaction data, statistical technical indicators, and moving interval data are selected as the stock market characteristic indicators, the LSTM(Long Short Term Memory) prediction model is constructed and the standard deviation of stock returns is predicted. Based on the predicted results, the probability distribution of return rate under the conditional distribution is obtained, and the VaR(Value at Risk) is calculated. 1% and 5% sample quantiles are taken as the warning line, and the LSTM-VaR warning model is obtained. The results show that the RMSE value of the model is the smallest, which is 0.013762, when the activation function of the LSTM-VaR model is the Leaky ReLu function, the training periods epochs are 10, the time window length N is 9, the batch size is 8, the number of neurons in each layer is 50, the dropout probability is 0.1, and adam is used as the optimizer. Compared with traditional prediction models such as MLP, the proposed model has better performance and can well realize market risk warning.
Application of Data Mining Methods in Grouping Agricultural Product Customers
Authors: Chen Tzu-Chia , Ibrahim Alazzawi Fouad Jameel , Mavaluru Dinesh , Mahmudiono Trias , Enina Yulianna , Chupradit Supat , Al Ayub Ahmed Alim , Syed Mohammad Haider , Ismael Aras masood , Miethlich Boris
Published: March 2022

The sheer complexity of the factors influencing decision-making has required organizations to use a tool to understand the relationships between data and make various appropriate decisions based on the information obtained. On the other hand, agricultural products need proper planning and decision-making, like any country’s economic pillars. This is while the segmentation of customers and the analysis of their behavior in the manufacturing and distribution industries are of particular importance due to the targeted marketing activities and effective communication with customers. Customer segmentation is done using data mining techniques based on the variables of purchase volume, repeat purchase, and purchase value. This article deals with the grouping of agricultural product customers. Based on this, the K-means clustering method is used based on the Davies–Bouldin index. The results show that grouping customers into three clusters can increase their purchase value and customer lifespan.
Analyzing the Treatment of Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD with the Aid of Intelligent Diagnosis Method
Authors: Jiang Qina , Zhao Guangxiang , Song Shiyan , Chen Yujuan
Published: March 2022

To observe the clinical efficacy of heat clearing phlegm mixture combined with vibration sputum excretion instrument in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD with phlegm-heat obstructing lung, 90 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD are selected and divided into three groups, namely, control group, traditional medicine group, and combined group: the control group (conventional western medicine treatment), traditional medicine group (heat clearing and phlegm mixture), and combined group (heat clearing and phlegm mixture + vibratory sputum excretion instrument) with 30 cases each. All the patients in the three groups were given conventional western medicine treatment. On this basis, the traditional medicine group was given the oral administration of the heat-clearing and phlegm-clearing mixture, and the combined group was given the oral administration of the heat-clearing and phlegm-clearing mixture and the vibratory sputum discharge apparatus. Machine learning is used to classify the patients into three groups based on the characteristics of their biomarkers, physical attributes, and medical history. The TCM syndrome score, blood gas analysis, lung function, and inflammatory indexes of the three groups were compared. TCM syndrome scores of the three groups were all lower than before; both the combined group and the TCM group were better than the control group (

P

 < 0.05). Although the improvement degree of the combined group was better than that of the TCM group, the difference was not statistically significant (

P

 > 0.05). TCM syndrome effect is seen to be 96.55% in the combined group, 89.29% in the TCM group, and 63.33% in the control group. Blood gas analysis is also performed; PO2 and PCO2 of the three groups were significantly improved after treatment. The combination group was superior to the traditional medicine group and the control group (

P

 < 0.05), and the traditional medicine group was superior to the control group (

P

 < 0.05). It is concluded that the combination of heat clearing phlegm mixture and vibration sputum excretion instrument can improve TCM syndrome score, CAT score, blood gas analysis, lung function, and inflammatory indicators in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD with phlegm-heat obstructing lung.
Analysis of Rural Tourism and Environmental Influencing Factors Based on Analytic Hierarchy Model
Authors: Guo Na
Published: March 2022

This research focuses on the analytic hierarchy model in the decision-making system that has a more complex structure and maintains the stability of the system, models the application process with the complexity and diversity of the rural economy, collects sample data with the help of different types of rural tourism questionnaire surveys, and integrates the data of rural tourism and other tourism into the model. The following are obtained: (1) During the level analysis, each phenotype track uses RRM,

C
1
=
0.26

,

C
2
=
0.223

,

C
3
=
0.52

,

C
4
=
0.25

,

C
5
=
0.833

,

C
6
=
0.442

,

C
7
=
0.75

,

C
8
=
0.127

,

C
9
=
0.876

,

C
10
=
0.792

,

C
11
=
0.049

,

C
12
=
0.16

,

C
13
=
0.166

, and

C
14
=
0.049

. The problems of the complex structure of the evaluation can be divided into simple analysis modules, and each module is analyzed at a level. The phenotypic trajectory of each individual is divided into target layer, standard layer, and scheme layer. (2) Arrangement and decision modeling were performed according to one or several indicators of different factors. In the hierarchical random regression model,

APC
=
0.214

,

UPUA
=
0.042

,

TO
=
0.081

,

YPUA
=
0.082

,

PCP
=
0.068

, and

APS
=
0.067

. The characteristic quantity analysis of different environments can be carried out, and the amplitude error and frequency error obtained are relatively small.

IAND
=
0.115

,

AVA
=
0.198

,

RD
=
0.119

,

PI
=
0.041

,

PCCL
=
0.142

,

IOC
=
0.201

, and

DSTC
=
0.069

. The comparison shows that the hierarchical analysis model is better than the hierarchical random regression model. (3) High-efficiency hybrid model correlation acceleration is the worst model. The experimental data are

APC
=
0.147

,

UPUA
=
0.029

,

TO
=
0.055

,

YPUA
=
0.06

,

PCP
=
0.047

,

APS
=
0.046

,

IAND
=
0.079

,

AVA
=
0.136

,

RD
=
0.082

,

PI
=
0.028

,

PCCL
=
0.098

,

IOC
=
0.139

, and

DSTC
=
0.048

. (4) The predicted 2020 data and the actual data have small errors. The data obtained by the AHP model is

GDP
=
1262.1

,

finance
=
185.09

,

budget
=
68

,

tax
=
51.92

,

fund
 
budget
=
69.23

,

transfer
 
income
=
40.14

,

debt
 
income
=
7.73

,

disposable
 
financial
 
power
=
177.37

,

fiscal
 
expenditure
=
191.26

,

public
 
budget
=
88.68

,

government
 
expenditure
=
71.39

,

transfer
 
expenditure
=
23.46

,

debt
 
expenditure
=
7.73

, and

last
 
year
 
balance
=
2.39

.
Effects of Gymnema inodorum Leaf Extract on the Alteration of Blood Coagulation Parameters and Platelet Count in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice
Authors: Boonyapranai Kongsak , Sarakul Orawan , Somsak Voravuth , Sukati Suriyan
Published: March 2022

Malaria remains highly prevalent and one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical regions. Alteration of blood coagulation and platelets has played an important role and attributed to increased morbidity in malaria. Hence, this study was performed to investigate the efficacy of Gymnema inodorum leaf extract on Plasmodium berghei-induced alteration of blood coagulation parameters and platelet numbers in mice. Groups of ICR mice were inoculated with1×107parasitized red blood cells of P. berghei ANKA (PbANKA) and given orally by gavage with 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg of G. inodorum leaf extract (GIE). Chloroquine (10 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Platelet count and blood coagulation parameters were measured. The results showed that PbANKA induced thrombocytopenia in mice as indicated by markedly decreased platelet count. Decreased platelet count had a negative correlation with the degree of parasitemia withR2value of 0.6668. Moreover, significantly (p<0.05) shortened activated partial thromboplastin time was found in PbANKA-infected group, while prothrombin time and thrombin time were still normal. GIE gave significantly (p<0.05) good results with respect to platelet count, compared with the results obtained from positive and healthy controls. Additionally, GIE reversed the alteration of blood coagulation parameters when compared to untreated mice. The highest efficacy of GIE was observed at a dose of 500 mg/kg. It was concluded that GIE exerted a protective effect on thrombocytopenia and altered blood coagulation parameters induced by PbANKA infection in mice. This plant may be a future candidate for alternative antimalarial development.
A Review of Bile Acid Metabolism and Signaling in Cognitive Dysfunction-Related Diseases
Authors: Weng Ze-Bin , Chen Yuan-Rong , Lv Jin-Tao , Wang Min-Xin , Chen Zheng-Yuan , Zhou Wen , Shen Xin-Chun , Zhan Li-Bin , Wang Fang
Published: March 2022

Bile acids are commonly known as one of the vital metabolites derived from cholesterol. The role of bile acids in glycolipid metabolism and their mechanisms in liver and cholestatic diseases have been well studied. In addition, bile acids also serve as ligands of signal molecules such as FXR, TGR5, and S1PR2 to regulate some physiological processes in vivo. Recent studies have found that bile acids signaling may also play a critical role in the central nervous system. Evidence showed that some bile acids have exhibited neuroprotective effects in experimental animal models and clinical trials of many cognitive dysfunction-related diseases. Besides, alterations in bile acid metabolisms well as the expression of different bile acid receptors have been discovered as possible biomarkers for prognosis tools in multiple cognitive dysfunction-related diseases. This review summarizes biosynthesis and regulation of bile acids, receptor classification and characteristics, receptor agonists and signaling transduction, and recent findings in cognitive dysfunction-related diseases.
Nutritional Performance of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Fed Various Fish, Shrimp, and Squid Diets
Authors: Klett David A. , Watson Aaron M.
Published: March 2022

Aquaculture is the fastest-growing sector of protein production in the world. Due to the rising costs of fishmeal used as a critical ingredient to make pelleted fish feed, the industry is moving to replace fishmeal as a primary protein source without reducing the growth rate of aquacultured fish. A 12-week feeding trial utilizing juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) was conducted to determine the performance of various combinations of natural diet components including fish (Decapterus punctatus), shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and squid (Loligo opalescens and Illex), in addition to a commercial fishmeal-based pelleted feed, fed isocalorically to identify if there is an optimal combination for red drum growth and health. These results can provide information to develop fishmeal replacement diets (FMRDs) that can more closely mimic the performance of natural diets. Traditional aquaculture metrics showed that fish fed the diet comprised only of fish had the highest specific growth rate, condition factor, and protein conversion efficiency, with the lowest feed conversion ratio, indicating the fish component was the highest performing component for red drum growth on a calorically fixed ration. There were significant differences among eight groups found for traditional aquaculture metrics (p<0.05). The commercial pelleted feed performed better than all but the fish only natural diet treatments in terms of growth on a fixed ration, which indicated that it is nutritionally balanced. The results of this study show that there were performance differences between juvenile red drum fed various natural diets. There has been an investigation into the metabolome of these fish to identify potential metabolites for supplementation into FMRDs, which is not addressed in this paper.
Analysis of Chitosan‐Based Nanosilver Composites for the Repair of Umbilical Cord Wounds in Newborns
Authors: Peng Xiaohui , Gong Dai
Published: March 2022

The study aim reports a new umbilical cord wound repair material based on modified chitosan‐based nanosilver (CS‐HDH/Ag NPs). The repair of umbilical cord wound has always been the focus of neonatal departments. The study method chitosan, which is famous for its “biological glue,” is used as a modifier to compound silver nanoparticles with strong coordination and adsorption capacity of chitosan. It is worth noting that CS‐HDH/Ag NPs has a significant inhibitory effect on common bacterial infection and reduces the incidence of umbilical cord wound inflammation. The study problem wound bleeding and stump shedding and other factors make the periumbilical cord vulnerable to bacterial infection. For study results, the porous and lamellar structure endows the repair material with breathable properties and excellent antiadhesion, which greatly reduces the number of dressing changes and effectively protects the skin of newborns. CS‐HDH/Ag NPs provides a new model for efficient neonatal health management.
Heterogeneous Visible-Thermal and Visible-Infrared Face Recognition Using Cross-Modality Discriminator Network and Unit-Class Loss
Authors: Cheema Usman , Ahmad Mobeen , Han Dongil , Moon Seungbin
Published: March 2022

Heterogeneous face recognition (HFR) aims to match face images across different imaging domains such as visible-to-infrared and visible-to-thermal. Recently, the increasing utility of nonvisible imaging has increased the application prospects of HFR in areas such as biometrics, security, and surveillance. HFR is a challenging variate of face recognition due to the differences between different imaging domains. While the current research has proposed image preprocessing, feature extraction, or common subspace projection for HFR, the optimization of these multi-stage methods is a challenging task as each step needs to be optimized separately and the performance error accumulates over each stage. In this paper, we propose a unified end-to-end Cross-Modality Discriminator Network (CMDN) for HFR. The proposed network uses a Deep Relational Discriminator module to learn deep feature relations for cross-domain face matching. Simultaneously, the CMDN is used to extract modality-independent embedding vectors for face images. The CMDN parameters are optimized using a novel Unit-Class Loss that shows higher stability and accuracy over other popular metric-learning loss functions. The experimental results on five popular HFR datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant improvement over the existing state-of-the-art methods.
Effects of Different Anesthetic and Analgesic Methods on Cellular Immune Function and Stress Hormone Levels in Patients Undergoing Esophageal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Hu Chaojun , Zhang Shan , Chen Qian , Wang Rong
Published: March 2022

The change of perioperative immune function in patients with esophageal cancer is mainly caused by the joint action of surgical trauma and anesthesia. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of different anesthetic methods on the changes of T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with esophageal cancer surgery. 50 patients with esophageal cancer were divided into the study group and the control group. Among them, the patients in the control group chose intravenous anesthesia and received self-controlled intravenous analgesia after surgery. Patients in the study group chose thoracic epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia, undergoing self-controlled epidural analgesia after surgery; serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were measured by ELISA. Serum stress hormones GH and sIL-8 were measured by radioimmunoassay. Both groups of patients achieved significant postoperative analgesia, but the VAS score in the study group at the T2–T4 time point was lower than that in the control group. The serum GH concentration in the study group increased at T1 and reached its highest peak at T2, then decreased. The serum IL-8 concentration of the two groups showed a downward trend from T1 to T4. Thoracic epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia for postoperative epidural analgesia can relieve the degree of cellular immunosuppression during and after surgery. Moreover, the thoracic epidural block combined with general anesthesia for esophageal cancer surgery and epidural analgesia after surgery for patients are anesthetic and analgesic methods with clinically significant effects. Our research results have a positive effect on the promotion of postoperative rehabilitation in patients with malignant cell tumors.
Targeting COPD with PLGA‐Based Nanoparticles: Current Status and Prospects
Authors: Saxena Juhi , Bisen Monish , Misra Aditya , Srivastava Vijay Kumar , Kaushik Sanket , Siddiqui Arif Jamal , Mishra Neetu , Singh Abhijeet , Jyoti Anupam
Published: March 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is pulmonary emphysema characterized by blockage in the airflow resulting in the long‐term breathing problem, hence a major cause of mortality worldwide. Excessive generation of free radicals and the development of chronic inflammation are the major two episodes underlying the pathogenesis of COPD. Currently used drugs targeting these episodes including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidants, and corticosteroids are unsafe, require high doses, and pose serious side effects. Nanomaterial‐conjugated drugs have shown promising therapeutic potential against different respiratory diseases as they are required in small quantities which lower overall treatment costs and can be effectively targeted to diseased tissue microenvironment hence having minimal side effects. Poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) are safe as their breakdown products are easily metabolized in the body. Drugs loaded on the PLGA NPs have been shown to be promising agents as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidants, and anti‐inflammatory. Surface modification of PLGA NPs can further improve their mechanical properties, drug loading potential, and pharmacological activities. In the present review, we have presented a brief insight into the pathophysiological mechanism underlying COPD and highlighted the role, potential, and current status of PLGA NPs loaded with drugs in the therapy of COPD.
Fetal Intervention for Refractory Supraventricular Tachycardia Complicated by Hydrops Fetalis
Authors: Munoz Jessian L. , Lewis Ariana L. , Song Jun , Ramsey Patrick S.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Few reports have shown promising treatments for refractory fetal tachycardia. Data are limited regarding optimal treatment, route of treatment, and medication dosages. Over 90% of cases of fetal tachycardia can be attributed to supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The first-line treatment of fetal SVT is transplacental digoxin. Case Presentation. We present the management of a patient with fetal tachyarrhythmia diagnosed at 24 weeks and offer a unique approach for treatment. Fetal intramuscular injection of 72.3 mcg of digoxin allowed for resolution of SVT and sustained normal sinus rhythm. Further assessment in the third trimester showed persistent hydrops in the setting of mirror (Ballantyne’s) syndrome resulting in delivery. Discussion/Conclusion. Our observations suggest that a one-time injection of digoxin allows for complete resolution of SVT. Utilizing an invasive approach for management of SVT that is resistant to traditional treatment modalities appears to both be therapeutic and decrease maternal adverse effects associated with more toxic effects of other transplacental medications.
Multiwing UAV Communication and Energy Consumption Optimization Based on Energy Optimization
Authors: Xue RiXin , Tang Peng , Fang Shudong
Published: March 2022

The UAV carries communication equipment to lift off as an aerial base station, which has the characteristics of flexibility, rapid deployment, etc. Reducing the energy consumption of UAVs is a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the current UAV field to build green UAVs. The transmission service rate adaptivity of UAV devices provides an effective way to optimize UAV energy consumption and improve UAV energy efficiency, and a global and distributed UAV energy optimization routing strategy based on routing algorithm is proposed in this paper. The strategy starts from the perspective of UAV global routing and abstracts the UAV components that provide transmission services for data into a processing domain according to the service characteristics of UAVs. In the simulation experiments, the distributed heuristic algorithm for energy-optimized routing proposed in the paper is compared with the OSPF and GreenOSPF energy-efficient routing algorithms in the related literature, and the comparison results of the algorithms in terms of energy consumption and delay are presented.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Secreted TGF-β1 Restores Treg/Th17 Skewing Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and Hypoxia Challenge via miR-155 Suppression
Authors: Xue Ming , Zhang Xiwen , Chen Jianxiao , Liu Feng , Xu Jingyuan , Xie Jianfeng , Yang Yi , Yu Weiping , Qiu Haibo
Published: March 2022

Background. Regulatory T cell (Treg)/T helper (Th) 17 skewing is important in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) secreted transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β1 on CD4+ T cells are environment-sensitive and lack discussion in hypoxic and inflammatory conditions. Methods. Mouse splenic CD4+ T cells were precoated with anti-CD3 (5 μg/ml) and anti-CD28 (2 μg/ml) overnight. RAW264.7 cells were added as antigen-presenting cells (APCs). T cells with and without RAW264.7 cells were treated with various LPS concentrations of 0, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/ml or/and at hypoxia condition of 5% O2. Based on LPS (100 ng/ml) and hypoxia conditions (5% O2) as stimuli, MSCs were set as direct coculture or indirect coculture by transwell system. Anti-TGF-β1 neutralization antibody was added to explore the role of TGF-β1 among the soluble factors secreted by MSCs; miR-155 overexpression of CD4+ T cells was performed by transfection, and then, cells were added to the MSC-CD4+ T cell coculture system in hypoxic- and LPS-stimulated condition. After 48 hours, cells or supernatants were collected for detection of frequency of Treg and Th17 subsets, CD4+ T cell apoptosis and proliferation capacity assay by flow cytometry, secretion of INF-γ, IL-17A, IL-21, TGF-β1, and IL-10 by ELISA, and levels of miR-155, Rorc, Foxp3, and Ptpn2 mRNA expression of CD4+ T cells by RT-PCR. Results. MSCs could restore skewed Treg/Th17 induced by LPS and hypoxia compared to groups without MSCs with increased secretion of TGF-β1, IL-10, and IL-17A (P<0.05) and attenuate the increased expression of miR-155 in CD4+ T cells via cell-to-cell contact mechanism while TGF-β1 neutralization significantly inhibited the effects of MSCs restoring skewed Treg/Th17 and abolished its effect on miR-155 expression in CD4+ T cells. Conclusions. These findings suggested miR-155 suppression of CD4+ T cells mediated MSC-secreted TGF-β1 modulating skewed Treg/Th17 induced by LPS-hypoxia challenge, providing evidence when proposing future T lymphocyte-targeted cell therapy in a specific condition.
Embedded Microprocessor Extension Design and Optimization for Real-Time Edge Computing
Authors: Wang Yubo , Zhao Xiujia , Chong Ting , Liu Xianhua
Published: March 2022

With the development of 5G communication technology, more and more applications could be integrated into one system. Edge computing system and mixed-criticality system may integrate tasks of different criticality levels, which brings better balance in isolation and performance. Such advantages make it gradually become a research hotspot in edge computing and real-time systems with 5G. The important content of designing a mixed-criticality system is how to reduce interference between tasks and how to schedule tasks efficiently to ensure that tasks of different criticality levels can meet time constraints. Instruction extension and hardware software cooperative support may be an effective solution. Based on a fine-grained multithreaded RISC-V processor, this article gives some extensions for real-time operations and proposes a hardware software cooperative real-time scheduling mechanism. Experimental results show that, compared with FlexPRET hardware, the performance of thread scheduling is improved by 22.94% on average. Compared with software scheduling, the performance of scheduling same programs and multiple programs are improved by 15.46% and 26.00%, respectively.
Belief, Attitude, and Intention towards Creative Industries Ethics Education among Educators
Authors: Balakrishnan Balamuralithara , Tochinai Fumihiko , Kanemitsu Hidekazu , Wong Abdullah Muhammad Fadhil , Indartono Setyabudi
Published: March 2022

Recently, many ethical issues have emerged in creative industries (CI). Therefore, it is necessary to examine how ethics is taught in higher education institutions (HEIs) among future CI professionals. The educators who teach ethics to these future professionals play a key role in disseminating and instilling the knowledge, skills, and values of ethics; thus, their beliefs, attitudes, and intentions towards ethics are important in measuring the effectiveness of the ethics education practised in the CI programmes at their respective institutions. This research gauged the beliefs, attitudes, and intentions towards ethics education among CI ethics educators in Malaysian HEIs. The investigation was conducted with 54 ethics educators who taught CI ethics subjects. The research method utilised was a survey in which the respondents were sent a questionnaire to obtain the relevant data, and then both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed on the collected data. The results of the analyses showed that the beliefs, attitudes, and intentions towards ethics education among the respondents were on the low side, with the recorded mean values ranging from 2.016 (SD = 0.135) to 3.512 (SD = 0.023), except for the beliefs and attitudes towards ethics education regarding environmental issues, which recorded mean values higher than 4.073 (SD = 0.066). The findings also revealed that the beliefs, attitudes, and intentions towards ethics education were significantly correlated. Additionally, practical strategies were proposed to build and develop positive beliefs, attitudes, and intentions towards ethics education among CI ethics educators to educate and produce future CI professionals who are ethical and possess a sense of responsibility.