bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical and Agent-Based Model to Evaluate Ride-Pooling Impact Factors
Authors: Bilali Aledia , Engelhardt Roman , Dandl Florian , Fastenrath Ulrich , Bogenberger Klaus
Published: May 2020

On-demand ride-pooling (ODRP) services have the potential to improve traffic conditions in cities and at the same time offer user-centric mobility services. Recently, an analytical model, which investigates the influence of service quality parameters, such as detour, maximum waiting time, and boarding time, on the fraction of trips which could potentially be shared (a quantity called shareability), has been presented. The aim of this study is to test this model with a simulation framework that models an ODRP service in different levels of detail. The results show that by increasing the modeling complexity, in which we consider network topology, trip distribution patterns, optimization objectives, and changing velocity, the theoretical value of shareability and the actual experienced shared rides are decreased. It is observed that the shareability predicted by the mathematical model could be confirmed by a certain simulation setup with the objective to maximize shared rides. Nevertheless, changing the optimization objective to optimizing the total kilometers driven has the highest impact on shareability, decreasing it by up to 50%. By using a fitting procedure within this simulation setup, we can still exploit the analytical model to predict the influence of service quality parameters. This study may be useful for other researchers who plan to model ride-pooling systems and for operators who want to have an estimation of the level of shared rides they can achieve in an operating area.
Exploring a Quantitative and Qualitative Mixed Approach for Estimating Preliminary Engineering Efforts of Bridge Replacement Projects
Authors: Araya Felipe , Faust Kasey , Khwaja Nabeel , O’Brien William J. , Liang Xiaopeng , Bur Mohamed K.
Published: May 2020

While managing the transportation infrastructure, state transportation agencies (STAs) face multiple challenges. Primary among these are budgetary constraints and understaffing. One task that is impacted by these challenges is that of developing the plans, specifications, and estimates (PS&E) for construction projects. STAs often outsource this job to consultants. The outsourcing itself requires a contract negotiation process, which has historically relied on the work experience of the negotiation parties. PS&E budget development and management relies on an estimate of the engineering man-hours (EMHs). This paper presents a mixed approach to creating that estimate. To identify engineering-related tasks as variables in the estimation of EMHs for the development of PS&E, this approach uses qualitative analysis. The variables identified through qualitative analysis are used to build multiple linear regression models. Data used for this study include project characteristics from the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) and the respective work authorizations from 38 bridge replacement (BR) projects. The results revealed that variables identified through the qualitative analysis are statistically significant to estimate the EMHs of BR projects. However, the improvement in such estimation was found to be marginal. By developing a data-driven approach, this study provides an improved process for estimating EMHs for BR projects—an improvement over the commonly used experience-based approach. This incremental step contributes a method STA staff can use to make better-informed decisions during the contract negotiation process undertaken while outsourcing preliminary engineering (PE) work.
Prioritizing Metro Service Quality Attributes to Enhance Commuter Experience: TOPSIS Ranking and Importance Satisfaction Analysis Methods
Authors: Majumdar Bandhan Bandhu , Dissanayake Dilum , Rajput Avanindra Singh , Saw Yong Qi , Sahu Prasanta Kumar
Published: May 2020

A metro infrastructure, facility, and service quality investigation based on commuter perception was conducted in this study to explore and prioritize the key attributes influencing overall metro service quality in a typical Indian context. Based on the critical state-of-the-art review, 12 key attributes were identified and they were accommodated in a paper-based questionnaire to elicit commuter perception of importance and satisfaction by using a five-point Likert scale. Subsequently, TOPSIS, an extensively adopted multi-attribute decision-making technique, was carried out to rank the attributes with respect to perceived importance and satisfaction. Then an importance satisfaction analysis (ISA) was conducted to further classify the attributes in four quadrants based on their perceived degree of importance and satisfaction using an ISA matrix. Finally, the derived results from the TOPSIS and ISA analysis were combined and compared to obtain a prioritized set of attributes requiring intervention for better metro service quality in an Indian context. Results of this study clearly indicated the relative strengths and weaknesses of each metro service/infrastructure-specific attribute and presented the probable role of metro authorities for each of them. Attributes such as metro fare, connection to metro, and metro frequency were observed to be the most important, but were not performing satisfactorily, indicating that more emphasis is required on these attributes to improve the overall quality of travel by metro rail in an Indian context. Thus, this methodology would be instrumental in detecting a set of priority areas for improvement in metro rail services, which could contribute to retaining existing commuters and attracting new metro users.
Investigating the Role of Big Data in Transportation Safety
Authors: Das Subasish , Griffin Greg P.
Published: May 2020

Big data may offer solutions for many challenges for transportation safety, providing more data faster, with higher spatial and temporal resolution. However, researchers and practitioners identify biases in big data that need to be explored and examined before performing data-driven decision-making. Leveraging semi-structured interviews of big data experts, this study includes a quantified analysis of topic frequency and an evaluation of the reliability of concepts through two independently trained coders. To identify the trends in the unstructured textual contents, the research team developed a text mining pipeline to identify trends, patterns, and biases. The study identifies key terms experts use when describing the role of big data in transportation safety, how the terms relate to the big data experts’ language through network plots, and clustering shows a need to focus on sources, quality, analysis, and implementation of big data. Results show value in maintaining the centrality of transportation experts and the public to determine the proper goals and metrics to evaluate transportation safety. Practitioners and researchers can develop new methods to improve population representation with big data, in addition to addressing difficult transportation safety problems. Working ahead of emerging trends and technologies of big data could support further advancements in transportation safety.
Shock to the system? Journalism in Irish public service media after the crash
Authors: Cullinane Mark
Published: May 2020

The political and economic disjunctures associated with the 2008 financial crisis and the policy responses to it have coincided with the deepening of professional journalism’s cultural crisis of authority and legitimacy, associated with declining public confidence in the hegemonic norms underpinning journalism practice. This paper presents the findings of research undertaken in the newsroom of Ireland’s main public service media organisation aimed at exploring the durability of key tenets of journalistic professionalism as its practitioners negotiated the crisis. In demonstrating evidence from interview testimony of limited editorial responses to crisis, enduring support for dominant professional norms and prevailing practices of representation, inclusion and participation, the findings are suggestive of a broad normative resilience in the face of crisis. Such stability, it is argued, reflects the ideological enmeshment of public service media and journalistic professionalism within the political and cultural systems of their host states but offers few resources for extricating public service journalism from deepening professional and institutional cultural crises.
Do You Believe Your Partner is Capable of Killing You? An Examination of Female IPV Survivors’ Perceptions of Fatality Risk Indicators
Authors: Johnson Laura , Cusano Julia L. , Nikolova Kristina , Steiner Jordan J. , Postmus Judy L.
Published: May 2020

Advocates in the field of intimate partner violence (IPV) have started to more actively engage survivors around their own perceptions of their lethality risk, as well as assist them in developing strategies for reducing and managing risk related to reassault and intimate partner homicide (IPH). Although research has examined the risk factors most associated with risk and utilized this information in the development and validation of risk assessment tools to be used with survivors, less is known about which indicators survivors most associate with lethality risk. This study aims to fill this gap by examining which risk indicators IPV survivors associate with fatality risk. Classification and regression tree analyses were used to differentiate between women who believed their partners were capable of killing them and those who did not. Data on a sample of 213 survivors of IPV used in this analysis were collected as part of a larger study in which a risk assessment instrument was piloted across four counties within New Jersey in 2016. More than three fourths of participants believed that their abuser was capable of killing them. Alhough the majority of survivors in the study felt as though their abusers were capable of killing them, there was variation in how survivors prioritized risk indicators. Factors associated with fatality risk included: (a) prior homicide threats; (b) whether the abusers had control over survivors’ daily activities; (c) abusers’ access to a gun; and (d) abusers’ drug use. Findings suggest that IPV survivors need targeted intervention strategies around IPH, particularly those at higher perceived risk levels given the presence of risk indicators and their perceptions of lethality threat.
The Role of Impulsivity and Stress Mind-Set in Understanding the Mindfulness–Intimate Partner Aggression Relationship
Authors: Johnson Sarah J. , Moore Todd M.
Published: May 2020

Perpetration of relational aggression, which is estimated to occur in 60% to 90% of relationships, has been demonstrated to have lasting negative effects both systemically and for its victims. Relational aggression has also been demonstrated to be impacted, in part by impulsivity, stress mind-set, and mindfulness. The present study examined a path analysis model of the relation between mindfulness and relational aggression, utilizing impulsivity as the mediating variable. Furthermore, the present study incorporated an examination of the potential moderating effects of stress mind-set on the relation between impulsivity and relational aggression. Three hundred eighty-three participants were recruited from across the United States, using Facebook ads. Participants completed online questionnaires assessing key study variables. We hypothesized that the negative urgency aspect of impulsivity would mediate the relation between the five facets of mindfulness and relational aggression, and further that this relationship would be moderated by stress mind-set, such that a stress mind-set which conceptualizes stress as negative would make the relation between impulsivity and relational aggression stronger. We hypothesized that the negative urgency aspect of impulsivity would mediate the relation between mindfulness and relational aggression. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the relation between impulsivity and aggression would be moderated by stress mind-set. Results indicated that the negative urgency component of impulsivity mediated the relation between all five facets of mindfulness and perpetration of relational aggression. Furthermore, stress mind-set moderated the relation between negative urgency and relational aggression, such that a lower stress mind-set was related to a stronger association between negative urgency and aggression. Implications for clinical intervention and future research efforts are discussed.
An improved inverse method for multirow blades of turbomachinery
Authors: Aiting Li , Yangli Zhu , Wen Li , Xing Wang , Wei Qin , Haisheng Chen
Published: May 2020

A three-dimensional viscous inverse design method is improved and extended to multirow blades environment. The inverse method takes load distribution as optimization objective and is implemented into the time-marching finite-volume Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes solver. The camber line of rotor blade is updated by virtual displacement, which is calculated by characteristic compatibility relations according to the difference between target and actual load so as to control the location and intensity of shock wave, and realize the optimization of flow structure and reduction flow separation. The inlet and outlet geometry angles of stator blade are adjusted in real time according to the inlet and outlet flow angles. Thus, it is computationally ensured that the blade row interactions are accounted and optimization process is carried out under the design condition. To preserve the robustness of calculation, the maximum virtual displacement is limited by Y+ <10 and the camber line is smoothed via cubic B-spline interpolation. The complete blade profile is then generated by adding the prescribed blade thickness distribution to the camber line. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated in the optimization of Stage35 compressor stage. Numerical results showed that this inverse method can effectively improve the internal flow structure and optimize the matching between blade rows, and this method is robust, efficient, and flexible.
International experiences of criminal violence and delivery of urban basic services: the case of electricity
Authors: Rufín Carlos , De Miranda Murilo , Moskowicz Maurício
Published: May 2020

We investigate the impact of criminal violence on the delivery of an urban basic service, electricity, through a comparison of international experiences. We find that the structure of criminal violence matters more than its level. If the violence is of an unorganized nature, or if local criminal organizations take no interest in electricity theft, service providers may be able to deliver electricity through regulated commercial relationships with local residents, even in areas of high violence. Where criminal organizations seek to profit from electricity theft, regulated commercial delivery of electricity will be extremely limited or impossible, even when those organizations maintain overt violence at low levels. Successful experiences of regulated commercial delivery involve using technology to reduce opportunities for theft as well as practices to improve customer relationships, sometimes supplemented by community engagement. But a necessary condition for success remains physical access to the area by the service provider’s personnel.
Hepatic manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: González-Regueiro José A , Cruz-Contreras Mariana , Merayo-Chalico Javier , Barrera-Vargas Ana , Ruiz-Margáin Astrid , Campos-Murguía Alejandro , Espin-Nasser May , Martínez-Benítez Braulio , Méndez-Cano Victor H , Macías-Rodríguez Ricardo U
Published: May 2020

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organic autoimmune disease with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. However, hepatic dysfunction is not included in the diagnostic criteria for the disease and has not been recognized properly. The spectrum of hepatic involvement described in these patients ranges from abnormalities in liver function tests (LFTs) to fulminant hepatic failure. Usually, abnormalities in LFTs are only mild and transient, have a hepatocellular pattern and are not related to SLE but rather are mostly drug related. The most frequent finding on liver biopsy is steatosis (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). Patients do not frequently progress to advanced chronic liver disease, and their outcome is favourable. Those who develop cirrhosis have traditional risk factors, such as other non-SLE-related conditions. In this work, we aim to review hepatic manifestations in patients with SLE, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches used for different liver diseases in these patients.
Do Independent Directors Improve Firm Performance? Evidence from India
Authors: Mishra Supriti
Published: May 2020

With increase in the number of corporate frauds, shareholders, analysts and the general public look forward to IndDirs as the saviours who can help prevent such corporate misdoings. This study attempts to find out if having more IndDirs in the board influences firm profitability. Using panel data consisting of all listed Indian companies in the sample period of 2003–2019, it finds that proportion of IndDirs is negatively related to firm profitability. Control variables—board size, firm size (firmSize), leverage, type of industry (IndType), firm age, ownership, and year 2014—are included in the analysis. Even after arresting their confounding effects on firm performance, negative impact of proportion of IndDirs on firm performance continues. Plausible reasons for this negative relationship are offered. This study has relevance in the wake of mandatory provisions in the Companies Act, 2013 , for presence of IndDirs in the board of Indian firms.
E-service Quality: Development and Validation of the Scale
Authors: Kaur Baljit , Kaur Jasveen , Pandey Shivendra Kumar , Joshi S.
Published: May 2020

The present study develops, refines and validates a scale to measure e-service quality. A total of 545 respondents were approached and employed EFA and CFA. Potential items were drawn from relevant literature. The developed e-service quality scale has six dimensions, namely: information quality and usability, reliability, security and privacy, efficiency, system availability and assurance. The findings reveal that information quality and usability was the most significant factor, followed by reliability in contributing to e-service quality. Practitioners may utilize the scale to measure e-service quality and take steps to bridge the gap between customer expectations and perceived quality.
Antecedents of Online Purchase Intention Among Ageing Consumers
Authors: Roy Gobinda , Basu Rituparna , Ray Samudyuti
Published: May 2020

The article explores the growing market of ageing consumers to identify the antecedents of their online purchase intention in an emerging market context. The research uses survey responses of 202 urban, ageing Indian respondents to ascertain the importance of the antecedents with the use of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The qualitative content analysis reflects the importance of social influence in developing the positive perception of ageing customers towards online purchases. Predominantly, males of higher-income groups are found to lead the cohort as early adopters. The impact of social influence and brand loyalty in the consumer’s electronic word of mouth (eWOM) adoption were significantly validated where eWOM adoption influenced the online purchase intention. The article contributes as a first-hand exploration in the context of an emerging market of older consumers to develop market-driven solutions that would help marketers plan effective online interface to tap the potential of this growing consumer base. Finally, this study discusses research limitations and proposes few future research directions.
A time-dependent tensile constitutive model for long-fiber-reinforced unidirectional ceramic-matrix minicomposites considering interface and fiber oxidation
Authors: Longbiao Li
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a time-dependent tensile constitutive model of long-fiber-reinforced unidirectional ceramic-matrix minicomposites is developed considering the interface and fiber oxidation. The relationship between the time-dependent tensile behavior and internal damage is established. The damage mechanisms of time-dependent matrix cracking, fiber/matrix interface debonding, fiber failure, and the oxidation of the interface and fiber are considered in the analysis of the time-dependent tensile stress–strain curve. The fracture mechanic approach, matrix statistical cracking model, and fiber statistical failure model are used to determine the time-dependent interface debonding length, matrix crack spacing, and the fiber failure probability considering the time-dependent interface and fiber oxidation. The effects of the fiber volume, fiber radius, matrix Weibull modulus, matrix cracking characteristic strength, matrix cracking saturation spacing, interface shear stress, interface debonding energy, fiber strength, fiber Weibull modulus, and oxidation time on the time-dependent tensile stress–strain curves, matrix cracking density, interface debonding, and fiber failure are discussed. The experimental time-dependent tensile stress–strain curves, matrix cracking, interface debonding, and fiber failure of four different unidirectional SiC/SiC minicomposites for different oxidation time are predicted. The composite tensile strength and failure strain increase with the fiber volume, fiber strength, and fiber Weibull modulus, and decrease with the oxidation time; the fiber/matrix interface debonding length increases with the fiber radius and oxidation time and decreases with the interfacial shear stress and interface debonding energy; the fiber/matrix interface oxidation ratio increases with the interfacial shear stress, interface debonding energy, and oxidation time and decreases with the saturation matrix crack spacing.
Integrating TMS, EEG, and MRI as an Approach for Studying Brain Connectivity
Authors: Esposito Romina , Bortoletto Marta , Miniussi Carlo
Published: May 2020

The human brain is a complex network in which hundreds of brain regions are interconnected via thousands of axonal pathways. The capability of such a complex system emerges from specific interactions among smaller entities, a set of events that can be described by the activation of interconnections between brain areas. Studies that focus on brain connectivity have the aim of understanding and modeling brain function, taking into account the spatiotemporal dynamics of neural communication between brain regions. Much of the current knowledge regarding brain connectivity has been obtained from stand-alone neuroimaging methods. Nevertheless, the use of a multimodal approach seems to be a powerful way to investigate effective brain connectivity, overcoming the limitations of unimodal approaches. In this review, we will present the advantages of an integrative approach in which transcranial magnetic stimulation–electroencephalography coregistration is combined with magnetic resonance imaging methods to explore effective neural interactions. Moreover, we will describe possible implementations of the integrative approach in open- and closed-loop frameworks where real-time brain activity becomes a contributor to the study of cognitive brain networks.
The Accumulation of Tau in Postsynaptic Structures: A Common Feature in Multiple Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Authors: Teravskis Peter J. , Ashe Karen H. , Liao Dezhi
Published: May 2020

Increasingly, research suggests that neurodegenerative diseases and dementias are caused not by unique, solitary cellular mechanisms, but by multiple contributory mechanisms manifesting as heterogeneous clinical presentations. However, diverse neurodegenerative diseases also share common pathological hallmarks and cellular mechanisms. One such mechanism involves the redistribution of the microtubule associated protein tau from the axon into the somatodendritic compartment of neurons, followed by the mislocalization of tau into dendritic spines, resulting in postsynaptic functional deficits. Here we review various signaling pathways that trigger the redistribution of tau to the cell body and dendritic tree, and its mislocalization to dendritic spines. The convergence of multiple pathways in different disease models onto this final common pathway suggests that it may be an attractive pathway to target for developing new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
Multiple autoimmune side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in a patient with metastatic melanoma receiving pembrolizumab
Authors: Kethireddy Nikhila , Thomas Steffi , Bindal Poorva , Shukla Prateek , Hegde Upendra
Published: May 2020

Introduction

Immune agents including anti-programmed death receptor-1 and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 have been associated with numerous immune-related complications. Pembrolizumab, a programmed death-1 inhibitor, has been associated with a number of immune-related adverse events such as pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, hypophysitis, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, nephritis, and type 1 diabetes.

Case report

We present a rare case of an elderly male on pembrolizumab who suffered from four autoimmune toxicities including type 1 diabetes, pneumonitis, hypothyroidism, and polymyalgia rheumatica likely catalyzed by age-related immune activation. Management and outcome: Immunotherapy was indefinitely stopped, and patient was started on steroids for the immune-related adverse events with complete resolution of polymyalgia rheumatica. Thyroid dysfunction resolved once he started thyroid replacement therapy. His diabetes is well controlled with insulin and is followed by endocrinology. He continues on prednisone for immune-mediated pneumonitis with a good response with regular monitoring via computed tomography scans and pulmonary consultation.

Discussion

Few cases wherein multiple toxicities are seen within one patient are reported. Aging appears to be a risk factor for immune-related adverse events. Aging is associated with an increased incidence of autoimmunity as programmed death-1 ligand expression represents an important mechanism that tissues use to protect from self-reactive effector T cells. Programmed death-1 blockade breaks this protective mechanism and enhances autoimmune diseases. Therefore, close monitoring and extreme vigilance is warranted while using immune checkpoint inhibitors including pembrolizumab as multiple toxicities can occur within a short span of infusion, especially in elderly individuals. Prompt discontinuation and the use of a multidisciplinary team are prudent to prevent further morbidity and mortality.
Knowledge, attitude, preventive practices and perceived barriers to screening about colorectal cancer among university students of newly merged district, Kpk, Pakistan – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hussain Iltaf , Majeed Abdul , Rasool Muhammad F , Hussain Musaddique , Imran Imran , ullah Muhib , Ullah Hamid
Published: May 2020

Introduction

Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the world and in Pakistan it ranks at fifth position. The present study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, preventive practices and perceived barriers to screening about colorectal cancer among university students.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted after developing a self-administered questionnaire among the university students of newly merged districts of Kpk, Pakistan

Result

A total of 302 students (232 male and 70 female) participated in the study. The knowledge score of the participants regarding the risk factors and warning signs of colorectal cancer was 59.9% and 40%. More than 90% of the participants were of the view that colorectal cancer diagnosis at initial stages can improve treatment and around 80% were in favor of undergoing regular physical examination to avoid colorectal cancer. Only 37.7% of the participants had intentionally collected information about colorectal cancer. The percentage of participants who intentionally participated in educational activities related to colorectal cancer was 33.1%. Furthermore, only 24.4% of the participant had ever taken part in colorectal cancer screening. The barriers toward colorectal cancer screening were fear of finding colorectal cancer and the anxiety of screening procedures. However, around 32% of the participants had no knowledge about colorectal cancer screening.

Conclusion

In view of the findings of this study, it can be suggested that community awareness programs that are focused towards screening of colorectal cancer may be initiated in the newly merged districts of Kpk, Pakistan. The implementation of such colorectal cancer screening program can help in its early detection and can potentially lower the associated mortality and morbidity risk with this disease.
On-site measurement and simulation of indoor particulate matter distributed in a single room with stratified flow field
Authors: Lin Ho-Hsiang , Yuan Chung-Shin , Chen Wang-Kun , Chang Chang-Tang , Chen Pei-Shih
Published: May 2020

This study combined on-site measurement and model simulation to characterize the spatial distribution of indoor particulate matter (PM) in a single room with stratified flow fields. The concentration of PM spatially distributed in a single room with natural ventilation was measured at different heights for different PM sizes. This study revealed that the PM concentration varied with height and time. Moreover, chamber test results showed that by burning Chinese worship incense, fine particles (PM0–4) accounted for 97.33% of total PM with an average emission factor of 39.54 mg/g. The results were then applied to determine the gross emission of PM and describe its spatial distribution in a single room. Model simulation results indicated that only a small amount of PM flowed out of the room due to the trap by an indoor vortex under natural ventilation. The results are crucial for characterizing the stratified PM concentration and determining the sites for PM monitoring in indoor environments.
#DiminishingDiscrimination: The symbolic annihilation of race and racism in news hashtags of ‘calling 911 on Black people’
Authors: Gutsche Robert E , Cong Xinhe , Pan Feihong , Sun Yiyi , DeLoach LaTasha
Published: May 2020

This critical textual analysis examines the symbolic annihilation of race and racisms by the use of hashtags, such as #BBQBecky and #CornerstoreCaroline, in news coverage of White people in the United States who called or threatened to call 911 to report everyday behavior of Black individuals in 2018. This study argues that the use of humorous and virtual hashtags to represent the callers contributed to overall coverage of racially charged incidents in ways that reduced the events’ seriousness in terms of social policing of Black individuals. Collectively, this coverage formed a type of symbolic annihilation of racist interpretations of callers’ acts and Black resistance and meanings embedded within the hashtags themselves.
Governing beyond the closet: Remaking stigma, identity, and sexual behavior in a post-disciplinary rehab
Authors: Aleksanyan Josh
Published: May 2020

Combining historical and ethnographic research, this article analyzes changing logics of control shaping addiction care for sexual minorities at a drug treatment facility in the US. While 30 years ago stigma and exclusion were viewed by staff members as fundamental causes of addiction among sexual minorities, this perspective faded as truth-eliciting confessionals declined and confidence in brain-targeting medicine increased. In this process, paradoxically, sexual stigma was no longer regarded as a barrier to fight and overcome, but instead is redeployed as part of practitioners’ toolkits as they work to regulate what they see as patients’ “addictive personalities”. While a biomedical model may imply that the facility has achieved a post-disciplinary treatment strategy, in that it no longer seeks to produce an identity but fragments it into governable components, staff members in fact continue to target sexual identity by translating this identity into pharmacological pathways and responses.
Overcoming Zeno’s paradox: using long-exposure technology to capture a Deleuzo–Bergsonian perspective of movement in qualitative research
Authors: Cruz Joshua M
Published: May 2020

This methodological paper considers how movement may be captured and expressed in qualitative data. Beginning with a history of movement as it has been represented in empirical studies, this paper posits that movement has been undertheorized in qualitative research (via video and photograph); theorizes movement under the Deleuzo–Bergsonian concept of duration; and wonders how movement as a kind of ‘dynamic unity’ might be expressed as visual data. Using photographs collected from a troupe of fire-manipulating circus performers, this study suggests the use of long-exposure camera technology as one practical means of thinking about movement (as duration) in qualitative research.
Perceptions of the social worker role in adult community mental health teams in England
Authors: Abendstern Michele , Hughes Jane , Wilberforce Mark , Davies Karen , Pitts Rosa , Batool Saqba , Robinson Catherine , Challis David
Published: May 2020

There is a growing recognition of the importance of the social work contribution within community mental health services. However, although many texts describe what the mental health social work contribution should be, little empirical evidence exists about their role in practice and the difference it might make to service users. This qualitative study sought to articulate this contribution through the voices of social workers and their multidisciplinary colleagues via focus group discussions across four English Mental Health Trusts. These considered the impact of the social worker on the service user. Thematic analysis resulted in the identification of three over-arching themes: social workers own perceptions of their contribution situated within the social model; the high value their colleagues placed on social work support and leadership in a range of situations and the concerns for service users if social workers were withdrawn from teams. Key findings were that social workers are the only professional group to lead on the social model; that this model enhances the whole teams’ practice and is required if service users are to be offered support that promotes long-term recovery and that without social workers, the community mental health team offer would be more transactional, less timely, with the potential for the loss of the service users’ voice. If social work is to make a full contribution to community mental health team practice, it must be clearly understood and provided with the support to enable social workers to operate to their full potential.
Teaching Ethics to Undergraduate Psychology Students: Review of the Evidence and Recommendations
Authors: Ruiz Ana , Warchal Judith , You Di
Published: May 2020

Teaching ethics to undergraduate psychology students has been the focus of professional organizations for several years. However, the evidence that psychology programs are teaching ethics and its effectiveness is scarce. In this review, we present recent evidence on teaching ethics based on three themes: delivery of ethics in the curriculum, instructional strategies, and faculty issues related to teaching ethics to undergraduates. We describe a model for incorporating ethics in the culture of the institution. Further, we provide recommendations for both teaching and researching ethics education.
The WWOX gene in brain development and pathology
Authors: Kośla K , Kałuzińska Ż , Bednarek AK
Published: May 2020

Shortly after its discovery in 2000, WWOX was hailed as a tumor suppressor gene. In subsequent years of research, this function was confirmed indisputably. Majority of tumors show high rate of loss of heterozygosity and decreased expression of WWOX. Nevertheless, over the years, the range of its known functions, at the cellular, organ and system levels, has expanded to include metabolism and endocrine system control and CNS differentiation and functioning. Despite of its function as a tumor suppressor gene, WWOX genetic alternations were found in a number of metabolic and neural diseases. A lack of WWOX protein as a consequence of germline mutations results in brain development disturbances and malfunctions.

Impact statement

WW domain-containing oxidoreductase encoded by the WWOX gene is a transcription regulator and a key player in a number of cellular and biological processes such as tumor suppression, cell proliferation, apoptosis induction, steroid metabolism, and central nervous system development. This review provides a comprehensive summary of currently known roles and discusses the importance of WWOX gene for CNS development and functioning.
Design and model checking of timed automata oriented architecture for Internet of thing
Authors: Chen Guang , Jiang Tonghai , Wang Meng , Tang Xinyu , Ji Wenfei
Published: May 2020

The architecture model of the Internet of thing system is the primary foundation for the design and implementation of the Internet of thing system. This article discusses the method and practice of time automaton modeling and model checking for the architecture of the Internet of thing system from the state and time dimensions. This article introduces the theory and method of modeling using time automata. And then, combined with the actual need of the elderly health cabin Internet of thing system, a dynamic and fault-tolerant time automaton model is established through a relatively complete architecture modeling. The model checking method verifies that the designed Internet of thing system has no deadlock system activity, service correctness, and timeliness correctness. The results of modeling experiments and model validation show that the reference model of time automata Internet of thing architecture established in this article can better reflect the nature of interaction with the physical world, heterogeneity and large-scale, dynamic, and incompleteness of the Internet of thing system.
Dual possibilistic regression models of support vector machines and application in power load forecasting
Authors: Yang Xianfei , Yu Xiang , Lu Hui
Published: May 2020

Power load forecasting is an important guarantee of safe, stable, and economic operation of power systems. It is appropriate to use interval data to represent fuzzy information in power load forecasting. The dual possibilistic regression models approximate the observed interval data from the outside and inside directions, respectively, which can estimate the inherent uncertainty existing in the given fuzzy phenomenon well. In this article, efficient dual possibilistic regression models of support vector machines based on solving a group of quadratic programming problems are proposed. And each quadratic programming problem containing fewer optimization variables makes the training speed of the proposed approach fast. Compared with other interval regression approaches based on support vector machines, such as quadratic loss support vector machine approach and two smaller quadratic programming problem support vector machine approach, the proposed approach is more efficient on several artificial datasets and power load dataset.
Numerical investigation on the influence of the electro-resistance welding pipe manufacturing process on the local variation of the yield strength of the pipe material
Authors: Quagliato Luca , Kim Dongwook , Park Donghwi , Kim Naksoo
Published: May 2020

In the present research work, a finite element model of the electro-resistance welding pipe forming process chain is developed using the ABAQUS/Explicit software. The forming process, which is composed of 22 tandem roll stations, has been fully modeled in the developed finite element simulation. In order to account for the Bauschinger effect on the pipe material properties as a consequence of the loading and the unloading during the process, a non-linear kinematic hardening model has been utilized in all the proposed finite element simulation models. The constants for the non-linear kinematic hardening model were estimated by means of cyclic experiments on the K55 steel pipe material. In order to properly simulate the electric arc welding (electro-resistance welding) operation, the ABAQUS welding interface has been utilized to account for the joining between the two edges of the formed pipe as well as to assess the influence of the welding-induced temperature field on the residual stresses on the pipe material. The sizing operation, which is the final station of the electro-resistance welding process, has been also accounted in the developed finite element method model and is composed of six tandem rolls. To export and import the results between two different modules, a mapping strategy has been utilized and allowed exporting the element results, in terms of stress, strain, and temperature, and importing them into the following simulation module. Finally, in order to estimate the influence of each process station on the yield strength of the material, a finite element simple tension test simulation has been implemented in ABAQUS/Static, mapping the results of each station on the tensile specimen. This mapping operation allowed to estimate the yield stress of the material after each of the three process stations, a consequence of the residual stresses present in the material, and has been carried out on eight circumferential locations around the pipe, evenly spaced with a 22.5° angle. The model has been validated by comparing the geometrical results, in terms of average pipe diameter and thickness, obtained from the finite element model with those of the relevant industrial production, showing deviations equal to 1.25% and 1.35% (forming) and 1.29% and 1.43% (sizing), respectively, proving the reliability of the proposed process chain analysis simulation. The results will show how the process-induced residual stresses arising on the pipe material make the material yield strength to vary from station to station as well as having different values along the circumferential direction of the pipe.
Health index extraction for power-shift steering transmission using selected oil field data
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Ma Biao , Yan Shufa , Zheng Changsong
Published: May 2020

The concentration of wear debris in used lubricating oil is generally observed from spectral oil analysis. The element concentration data are one of the commonly used oil field data for degradation evaluation of power-shift steering transmission. However, in practical applications, the underlying degradation degree of the power-shift steering transmission is difficult to evaluate due to the complexity of element concentration data. To solve this problem, we propose a health index extraction methodology using a weighted average method to better characterize the underlying degradation, which leads to an accurate estimation of the residual life before the power-shift steering transmission needs to be maintained. The extracted health index not only maximizes the monotonic trend of underlying degradation but also minimizes the failure threshold variance between different power-shift steering transmissions. The method includes element concentration data modification, data selection, and data fusion steps that result in a reasonable power-shift steering transmission degradation model. Finally, a case study is provided to illustrate the proposed method. The results show that the extracted health index outperforms each selected element concentration data.
Flexural vibration and power flow analyses of axially loaded beams with general boundary and non-uniform elastic foundations
Authors: Xu Deshui , Du Jingtao , Zhao Yuhao
Published: May 2020

In this article, flexural vibration and its power flow of an axially loaded beam with arbitrary boundary and non-uniform elastic foundation are analyzed via energy principle in conjunction with Rayleigh–Ritz procedure. A general solution is assumed as a modified version of Fourier series supplemented with boundary-smoothing auxiliary terms. Effects of axial load and elastic foundation of the beam are taken into account in terms of potential energy in system Lagrangian. Critical load of this axially loaded beam is obtained under elastic boundary condition and non-uniform foundation. Numerical examples are then presented to demonstrate the reliability and effectiveness of the established model by comparing results with those available in literature or calculated using finite element method. Results show that the current model can make an accurate dynamic analysis for the elastically restrained beam with axial load and non-uniform elastic foundation. Influence of some important factors, including boundary restraint, axial load, and non-uniform foundation, on the vibration characteristics and power flow transmission are studied and addressed. It is found that the supporting condition has a significant influence on power flow distribution across the whole beam, in which the shear force component plays a dominant role for the power flow transmission.
The mechanism of joint effects of axial-flow pump cavitation and sediment wear
Authors: Lin Peng , Hu Dong , Lin Zi-jun , Liu Mei-qing , Tang Chuan-lin , Wang Shu
Published: May 2020

This article studies the flow trajectories and the wear law of sediment particles in a pump considering multiple variables, such as sediment concentration, particle size, and cavitation stage. In addition, the mechanism of joint effects of cavitation and sediment wear of the axial-flow pump is explored. In this work, the characteristics of cavitation and sediment wear in an axial-flow pump are investigated by the numerical simulation using shear stress transport k–ω turbulence model with experimental validation. The external characteristics of experimental results and numerical simulations are in agreement. The results show that the sediment concentration exerts a profound influence on the vacuole distribution in the pump, while the particle size has little effect on it. Cavitation can increase the volume fraction of the solid, accelerate the wear on the components, and affect the sediment distribution in the impeller. Cavitation and sediment wear are mutually worsening, and their joint effects will form a vicious circle. With the decrease in inlet pressure and the increase in sediment concentration and particle size, the maximum wear rate will gradually increase, which proves that cavitation, sediment concentration, and particle size are the main factors that influence the maximum wear rate.