bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyber Diplomacy under Increased Competition Between the Great Powers
Authors: Zinovieva E. S.
Published: December 2022

The fragmentation of the Internet, which has replaced information globalization, is becoming a new reality. Digital technologies and the Internet are becoming a field of new geopolitical contradictions and a struggle for leadership between the great powers. Cyber diplomacy, which includes a range of issues of using ICT to achieve the foreign policy goals of the state, as well as new problematic and subject areas of international relations arising in connection with digitalization, is the most important tool for interstate competition and conflicts, as well as a means of conducting information wars.

At the international level, there are no internationally recognized norms governing the development and use of digital tools in the framework of foreign policy, interstate competition or confrontation. It becomes especially important to develop rules for the responsible behavior of states in the global information space. Methodologically, the article is based on the theory of the life cycle of norms. According to this approach, norms are social standards that regulate the behavior of states in a certain area of international relations. At present, there has been a rejection of the norms of the global Internet, which has been promoted by the United States for a long time, free from state borders. A set of norms has been formed in the field of responsible behavior of states in the ICT environment, enshrined in the documents of the UN, regional organizations and other international forums. However, the directions of their development and practical application remain the subject of interstate discussions, in view of the high significance of this problem and the differences in the interests and approaches of states.
Intercultural Communication Under New Challenges. The 14th RISA Convention
Authors: Gorshenev D. S.
Published: December 2022

MGIMO University started a new academic year with the 14th Russian International Studies Association (RISA) Convention. Held on October 13th–15th the Convention invited leading scholars to discuss historical, socio-economic, political, and legal aspects of shaping a new world order. Its traditional interdepartmental panel Intercultural Communication this year brought together speakers from Russia, Belarus, Moldova, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Uruguay, and Iran to discuss cultural diversity under new challenges. An interdisciplinary array of 52 reports by philosophers, culturologists, linguists, political scientists, regionalists, religious scholars, art historians and specialists in the field of media studies presented a vivid picture of modern research in the sphere of intercultural communication. The reports and exchange of opinions encouraged scientists to investigate related academic fields and expand their theoretical horizons by getting acquainted with the achievements of interdisciplinary research in related fields of knowledge. Among the most discussed topics that aroused keen interest of the audience are the following: a new linguistic reality of intercultural interaction on the example of the evolution of the Spanish language, the preservation of the cultural heritage of peoples in the context of globalization, various ways of visualizing culture and their influence on the formation of regional and national identity, philosophical understanding the challenges facing traditional manifestations of culture and much more. The session demonstrated that intercultural communication lying at the intersection of multiple parties’ interests remains flexible and adaptable and the dialogue of cultures is a reciprocal and ever-important process.
vnNLI - VLSP2021: An Empirical Study on Vietnamese-English Natural Language Inference Based on Pretrained Language Models with Data Augmentation
Authors: Dang Van Thin , Hao Duong Ngoc , Nguyễn Ngân Lưu-Thùy , Ngô Luân Đình , Ngô Kiến Lê Hiếu
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we describe an empirical study of data augmentation techniques with various pre-trained language models on the bilingual dataset which was presented at the VLSP 2021 - Vietnamese and English-Vietnamese Textual Entailment. We apply the machine translation tool to generate new training set from original training data and then  investigate and compare the effectiveness of a monolingual and multilingual model on the new data set. Our experimental results show that fine-tuning a pre-trained multilingual language XLM-R model with an augmented training set gives the best performance. Our system was ranked third in the shared-task VLSP 2021 with the  F1-score of about 0.88.
إنعكاسات إستخدام الألعاب الألكترونية على النمو في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة
Authors: Sabir Niyan Namiq
Published: December 2022

هدف البحث الى التعرف على:    
 1- مدى إستخدام الطفل للألعاب الألكترونية في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة .
2- إنعاكاسات إستخدام الألعاب الألكترونية في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة على جوانب النمو:
  أ- الجسمية      ب- العقلية      ج- الإنفعالية     د-الإجتماعية      ه- اللغوية   
3- البدائل الممكنة للإستفادة من الألعاب الألكترونية في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة .
إستخدم البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، ويستند البحث على البحث النوعي. وأستخدمت المقابلة كأداة لجمع المعلومات من عينة  البحث التي تكونت من (26) وحدة بحثية من تخصصات مختلفة.
   وتوصل البحث إلى عدد من النتائج:
1- يتابع أولياء الأمور أطفالهم في استخدام الألعاب الإلكترونية.
2- الأطفال لدى عينة الدراسة بأكملها، تراوحت مدة لعب الألعاب الإلكترونية في اليوم بين (15-30) دقيقة للإناث و (30-45) دقيقة للذكور.
3- ولم يكن للألعاب الإلكترونية أي آثار سلبية على التطورات الجسدية والعقلية على السواء، إلا أن الآثار السلبية ظهرت على الجوانب الحركية والإجتماعية واللغوية .
Advice in English and Arabic television health programs
Authors: Ahmed Amal Sabah , Ahmed Muhammed Badeaꞌ
Published: December 2022

This study deals with advising speech act from a polite point of view. Advising speech act implies that there is an expert who has knowledge of something and tries to share it with others for their own benefit .Since this study is concerned with health advice, it is very important to show the language used in health context which is medical language. The current study investigates the pieces of advice that are presented in TV health programmes 'The Doctors' and 'Green Apple'. This study aims at:(1) showing the difference between 'The Doctors' and 'Green Apple' programmes in presenting advising speech act with its strategies,(2) shedding light on health advice in T.V programmes and (3) showing the difference between English and Arabic health programmes with regard to politeness types and their strategies. To achieve these aims , the study hypothesizes that:(1)all advising speech acts in 'The Doctors' and 'Green Apple' are performed within a framework of politeness,(2)there is a difference between English and Arabic programmes concerning the employment of politeness types as the Arabic programme 'Green Apple' uses negative politeness more than the English program 'The Doctors' and(3)both
Investigation of parasitic infection of Merops apiaster Bird
Authors: Abdu Al- Razzaq Ahmad Abdu-Allah  , Abdu-Allah Hussein Abdu-Allah
Published: December 2022

The current study was conducted in Al-Hawija district, 60 km west of Kirkuk city, and extended from September 2019 to September 2020, where 104 birds of European bee-eaters (Merops Apiaster) were collected and the results were as follows: two species of lice were diagnosed, namely Columbicola columbae and Hohorstiella lata and one species of tapeworm Rllietina tetragona. The results of the diagnosis of ectoparasites showed that the overall infection rate was 41.34%, and 14.42%for endoparasites. The results showed significant differences in the infection rates according to the different months of the study, as the highest significant infection rates were 28.57% .The results showed that weight group 41-50 gm recorded the highest rates of significant infection, with rates of 48.05 and 15.58% for Ectoparasitic and endoparasitic, respectively.
Speaker Age and Gender Estimation Based on Deep Learning Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory (BiLSTM)
Authors: Aalaa Ahmed Mohammed  , Yusra Faisal Al-Irhayim
Published: December 2022

Estimating the age and gender of the speaker has gained great importance in recent years due to its necessity in various commercial, medical and forensic applications. This work estimates the speakers gender and ages in small range of years where every ten years has been divided into two subcategories for a span of years extending from teens to sixties. A system of speaker age and gender estimation uses Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) as a features extraction method, and Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory (BiLSTM) as a classification method.  Two models of two deep neural networks were building, one for speaker age estimation, and the other for speaker gender estimation. The experimental results show that the deep neural network model of age estimation achieves 94.008 % as accuracy rate, while the deep neural network model of gender estimation achieves 90.816% as accuracy rate.
New Pyrazolines with Imine Moiety: Synthesis, Characterization
Authors: Marwa A. Atiyah  , Olfat A. Nief  , Abdulkader M. Noori
Published: December 2022

Chalcone was prepared  by   claisen- schmidt  condensation  between   reaction equivalent moles  from 4-amino acetophenone with  thiophen -2-carboxaldehyde in presence sodium hydroxide as base, the mechanism was involved the abstraction α Proton by base from the α-carbon of the ketone to form carbanion, which attacks carbonyl of aldehyde contains no α-hydrogens to produce α-β-unsaturated ketone, Chalcone derivative used to synthesize pyrazoline derivatives by condensation with 2,4-dinitro phenyl hydrazine. The newly synthesized compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods such as FTIR, Mass spectra, 1H-NMR.
Thermal conductivity behavior of epoxy resin reinforced by nanoparticles
Authors: Maher N. Abdullah
Published: December 2022

In this research work, a resinous matrix, epoxy with a hardener at a ratio of 1:2 at room temperature, was prepared with nanoparticles (nano-magnesium, nano-zinc and nano-boron) at a ratio of 1% and 2%.
All samples for thermal tests were prepared using the mechanical method.
The method of hand-lay was used to prepare the resinous molds.
Thermal tests were conducted that involved using a Lee's disk to calculate the coefficient of thermal conductivity at room temperature.
The results showed a significant improvement in the properties of the composite material containing nanoparticles due to its properties that led to the improvement of the thermal properties. The positive effects of the dispersion and mixing process in the composite materials was also observed through the results obtained from the composite materials reinforced by nanoparticles and comparing it with the resinous matrix
Use the LiquidCrystals and it as a heat sensor by using semicondactor laser beams
Authors: Hind S. Mohammad  , Walaa M. Mohammed
Published: December 2022

In this research, a practical study was conducted to measure the temperature of objects remotely using a semiconductor laser and a heat-sensitive liquid crystals thermotropic material at different temperature values, starting from 30 ℃ to 70 ℃, at each value of the temperature the temperature is known To the bodies by reflected laser beams loaded with a portion of the measured body heat.
The final results showed that the best measurement of body temperature can be obtained at large distances such as 1, 1.5, 2 meters, as this is due to the fact that the scattered laser beams have less impact on the detector, and this is what was observed in the study when taking distances 1, 1.5 And 2 meters, where the graphs at these distances show good stability of the reflected laser beam loaded with a part of the heat to that point which reflex of it and whose temperature is to be known, which radiates heat perhaps more or less than other parts of the body.
As for less distances, the results obtained from this study lack accuracy, and this is what was shown by the graphs at a distance of 0.5 meter, This is due to the interference caused by the reflection and scattering of the laser light falling on the polarized plates and returning it to the detector
New Method for Solving Quadratic Fractional Programing Problems
Authors: Mediya B. Mrakhan  , Basiya K.Abdulrahim  , Rzgar F. Mahmood  , Aram Bajalan  , Shwan Adnan Ali
Published: December 2022

In this article, we development a methodology to solve an objective function of a quadratic fractional programming problem (QFPP), and the constraints are linear. We introduce a new method called RBM-Technique, which is directly solve the problem and have same optimal solution. Finally, the nonlinear problem is transformed to a linear programming problem with two constraints and no mor convert to the initial problem. Numerical examples are illustrated to show the efficiency of the method and the computer operation of our algorithms was also discussed by using MATLAB 2013a to solve a constructed numerical example.
Interface defects within the junction region and its effect on the electrical and optical properties of a heterojunction solar cell
Authors: Mussab J. Ahmed  , Ayed N. Saleh
Published: December 2022

The simulation model used in this study is the heterojunction solar cell with SnS absorption layer using the AFORS-HET simulation program. Where the effect of interface defect density (Nit) and the location of these levels within the interface on the electrical and optical properties was studied. Through the study, we learned the effect of the locations of the energy levels for defects within the junction, and it was found that the largest effect of the defects is within the locations of the deep energy levels, D.deep traps and A.deep traps within the junction. After that, the effect of interface defect density and its relationship to thickness and impurities concentration of both the buffer and absorption layer were studied, as the increase in the thickness of the absorption layer indicated a clear decrease in the effect of the density of the interface cases, otherwise the increase in the thickness of the buffer layer did not reduce the effect of these defects. The effect of the interface defect density increases with increasing the concentration of impurities in the SnS absorption layer, the effect of the density of the interlayer defects decreases with the increase in the concentration of impurities in the buffer layer.
Fekete -Szego Problem for Certain Subclass of q-Difference Operator Using Quasi-Subordination
Authors: Abdul kader Yasin Taha  , Abdul Rahman S. Juma
Published: December 2022

In this paper , a new certain class of q-Difference Operator  with quasi-subordination is defined and  Fekete-Szego problems  for functions belongs   to the class are derived . the results are  presented here equip  extensions of these given in some previous  works
Identification Functions in Hexa Toplogical Spaces
Authors: Asmaa S. Qaddoori
Published: December 2022

The fundamental point of the current work is to concentrate on new definitions of  (, ,  , ) open sets to generalize identification functions in Hexa topological spaces called (, ,  , ) identification functions and may relationship between theme were discussed  and proved with examples
Alternating Direction Implicit Method for Solving Heat Diffusion Problems
Authors: Awni M. Gaftan  , Mizal H. AlObaidi  , Hiba S.Sultan
Published: December 2022

The objective of this paper to find the solution of fractional partial differential equations using numerical methods to solve heat diffusion problems and this method is the implicit alternating direction method ADI with discussion of its algorithm and by this method it is possible to solve heat diffusion problems in a shorter time as well as obtain more accurate results compared to other numerical methods
Quality Evaluation of Bioplastic from Glutinous Rice Starch Reinforced with Bamboo Leaf Powder
Authors: Arifin Uma Fadzilia , Adetya Nais Pinta , Pambudi Wisnu , Ratnaningsih Wahyu
Published: December 2022

Plastics are widely used in various aspects of life due to their variety of superior properties. However, they contribute a negative impact on the environment, which leads to the search for an alternative solution such as the production of bioplastics as biodegradable plastics. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the psycho-mechanic quality of bioplastic from glutinous rice starch reinforced with bamboo leaf powder. The bioplastic synthesis process was carried out using 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7% (w/w) variations of bamboo leaf powder on glutinous rice starch, respectively. The results showed that the best bioplastic composition was the addition of 3% (w/w) bamboo leaf powder to glutinous rice starch. This indicated that the addition of bamboo leaf powder in bioplastics can enhance the thickness, hardness, and tensile strength significantly. Meanwhile, the value of density, water vapor transmission rate, and elongation showed a slight increase, and the bioplastic also degraded more than 70% for 7 days.
Somsiad i inni bohaterowie memów (aspekt kreacji werbalnej)
Authors: Banaszek-Szapowałowa Aneta
Published: December 2022

Praca wpisuje się w obszar zainteresowań nowej genologii, konfliktologii lingwistycznej i lingwistyki codzienności. Autor zwraca uwagę na mało zbadany obszar komunikacji sąsiedzkiej w sytuacji konfliktu i podejmuje próbę ustalenia, jakie doświadczenia motywują autorów do włożenia konkretnych słów w usta bohaterom polskich i rosyjskich memów. Wyodrębnia kreacje werbalne, gdzie jednym z głównych elementów jest: nawiązanie do wypowiedzianych bądź napisanych słów; twórcza interpretacja sąsiedzkich konfliktów na podstawie mimiki i gestów bohaterów oraz przedstawionej sytuacji; wskazanie zależności stereotypowego zachowania i wypowiadania się. Szczególną uwagę poświęca fenomenowi somsiada. Analiza jest oparta o multisensoryczne i intertekstualne odczytanie tekstu oraz wielopoziomową interpretację komponentu werbalnego memów.
Determination of urea in compound feed for ruminants: interlaboratory comparison for the validation of the spectrophotometric method in Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009
Authors: Gonçalves Carlos , Bouten Katrien , Emteborg Håkan , Stroka Joerg , Holst Christoph von , Vincent Ursula
Published: December 2022

Description of the subject. Urea is a feed additive authorized in ruminant feedingstuff with a maximum content in compound feed of 8,800 mg·kg-1. Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009 displays the official method for the determination of urea in feed but does not specify the type of feed for which the method is applicable. Following reports from Member States stating that the official spectrophotometric method is not fit for purpose for other feed than ruminant feed and given the fact that no method performance characteristics are set, the Joint Research Centre organized an interlaboratory exercise for the validation of this method. Objectives. The objective was to carry out an interlaboratory ring trial for the validation of the official spectrophotometric method for the determination of urea in compound feed for ruminants, under specific request from DG SANTE of the European Commission. Method. A collaborative study was carried out on six different test materials prepared from ruminant compound feeds containing urea at various mass fractions and a blank test material. Nineteen laboratories enrolled for the study and eighteen laboratories from ten EU Member States submitted results. Results. The performance characteristics were established, namely, the validation criterion used in this study (RSDR) was in all cases, except in sheep feed at 3,000 mg·kg-1 measured at 420 nm, achieved (i.e. lower than 20%). Slightly better results in terms of precision and trueness were obtained at 435 nm. Conclusions. Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009 should be revised as regards the official spectrophotometric method with a restriction of the scope, which is the determination of urea in ruminant compound feedingstuff at authorized level. Additionally, the selected measurement wavelength, which is either 420 nm or 435 nm, has a minor impact on the performance profile of the method.
Impacts des amendements organiques sur les caractéristiques physico-chimiques d’un sol ferrallitique du Sud-Bénin
Authors: Bodjrènou René , Daassi Rodrigue , Ahamidé Bernard , Germain Diane , Stevanovic Tatjana , Khasa Damase , Amadji Guillaume
Published: December 2022

L'agriculture urbaine et périurbaine est aujourd'hui confrontée aux problèmes d'appauvrissement des sols, en particulier en matière organique, et de perte d'eau par évaporation. Pour aider les agriculteurs à faire face à ces aléas, la présente étude propose d'évaluer des amendements en Bois raméal fragmenté (BRF) et en litière de volaille (LV) en termes d'économie d'eau et d'amélioration de propriétés physico-chimiques des sols. Pour ce faire, un dispositif expérimental de huit traitements randomisés en quatre blocs a été mis en place et des mesures de température des sols, de teneur et de succion en eau ont été effectuées in situ. Les traitements sont constitués de deux volumes d'eau d'irrigation (V1 et V2=0,5V1) et des amendements de sol ou non (45t.MS/ha de BRF et/ou 15t.MS/ha de LV). En parallèle, des échantillons composites de sol ont été prélevés sur chaque parcelle tous les trois mois et analysés au laboratoire pour déterminer l’évolution de quelques propriétés chimiques caractérisant la fertilité des sols. Les résultats ont montré que pour les essais V1, les amendements BRF-LV et LV ont réduit légèrement l’évaporation en maintenant la teneur en eau plus élevée que ceux avec BRF seuls et témoin. Toutefois, pour les essais avec V2, les amendements BRF et BRF-LV ont limité davantage l'évaporation puisque la teneur en eau se maintient plus élevée en comparaison à celle des témoins et LV pour les essais avec un volume d’arrosage limité (V2), et ce tout au long des 9 mois de l’étude. Toutefois, la température du sol n’a pas montré une différence remarquable entre les traitements. Les caractéristiques chimiques du sol ont montré que la teneur en matière organique et la concentration en phosphore ont augmenté à partir du 3e mois indiquant ainsi une amélioration de la qualité des sols. Un suivi à long terme des caractéristiques physiques du sol et une étude en milieu contrôlé vont permettre de confirmer les avantages de ces types d'amendements.
Migrante empreendedor, migrante influencer: cidadanias precárias em tempos neoliberais
Authors: Zanforlin Sofia , Lyra Júlia
Published: December 2022

Este artigo considera processos de midiatização e sua relação com a mobilidade humana em tempos de agudização do neoliberalismo no Brasil e na América Latina. O objetivo desta proposta é entender esses fenômenos como parte de um processo comunicacional e contextual em que o migrante passa a ser formatado discursiva e subjetivamente em uma pedagogia neoliberal que estimula a gestão de si como empresa, onde o indivíduo precisa trabalhar e aprimorar a si mesmo para negociar seu pertencimento no país. No estudo em tela, migrantes mobilizam seus costumes e experiências das trajetórias como uma das estratégias assumidas na busca por inserção e ascensão sociolaboral na sociedade receptora. O que observamos é que as soluções criadas para dar conta das dificuldades relacionadas à adaptação e inserção no país estão sendo individualizadas, vistas como dependentes da disposição para o trabalho, do esforço e mérito de cada um e, portanto, contribuindo para esvaziar o caráter intrinsecamente político do migrante e das migrações.
Modeling and analysis of ionospheric parameters based on generalized multicomponent model
Authors: Н.В. Фетисова, , О.В. Мандрикова,
Published: December 2022

В работе представлены результаты моделирования и анализа параметров ионосферы в периоды магнитных бурь 2017-2021 гг. Использовались данные кри- тической частоты F2-слоя ионосферы (foF2 ) (по данным ионозонда ст. <Паратунка>, п-ов Камчатка, ИКИР ДВО РАН). Моделирование выполнялось на основе разработанной авторами обобщенной многокомпонентной модели параметров ионосферы (ОМКМ). Представленная в работе ОМКМ позволяет детально изучать динамику параметров ионосферы в возмущенные периоды. Идентификация модели основана на совместном применении вейвлет преобразования и авторегрессионных моделей (АРПСС модели). ОМКМ описывает три класса аномалий, характеризующих сильные (класс 3), умеренные (класс 2) и слабые (класс 1) ионосферные возмущения. Исследование динамики параметров ионосферы проводилось в зависимости от силы геомагнитного возмущения (рассматривались события слабой, умеренной и высокой интенсивности). В процессе моделирования обнаружены ионосферные аномалии разной интенсивности и продолжительности. Накануне умеренных и сильных магнитных бурь отмечен факт высокой частоты эффекта предповышения в ионосфере, имеющий важную прикладную значимость.

The results of modeling and analysis of ionospheric parameters during magnetic storms in 2017-2021 are presented. We used the critical frequency variations of the ionospheric F2 layer (foF2 ) (according to the ionosonde data from Paratunka site, Kamchatka peninsula, IKIR FEB RAS). The modeling was based on a generalized multicomponent model of ionospheric parameters (GMCM) developed by the authors. GMCM allows us to study in detail the dynamics of ionospheric parameters during disturbed periods. The GMCM identification is based on the combination of wavelet transform and autoregressive models (ARIMA models). The model describes three classes of anomalies characterizing strong (class 3), moderate (class 2) and weak (class 1) ionospheric disturbances. The ionospheric parameter dynamics was studied with respect to the strength of a geomagnetic disturbance (weak, moderate and strong intensity events were considered). On the basis of the modeling, we detected ionospheric anomalies of various intensity and duration. On the eve of moderate and strong magnetic storms, the fact of a high frequency of the pre-increase effect in the ionosphere was noted. It has an important applied significance.
Problematic Issues of Balancing Public and Private Interests at Land Seizure for State and Municipal Needs
Authors: Лада Анатольевна Голубева, , Валерия Алексеевна Кургина,
Published: December 2022

В статье проанализированы проблемы, возникающие в контексте решения вопросов правового регулирования изъятия земель для государственных и муниципальных нужд. Выявлены основания и содержание ограничений, налагаемых при таком изъятии, в отношении права частной собственности. Предложен способ защиты прав собственника, исходя из особенностей современной правоприменительной практики.

The article analyzes challenges arising under the legal regulation of the seizure of land for state and municipal needs. The grounds and content of the restrictions imposed by such withdrawal in respect of private property rights are revealed. The way to protect the rights of the owner, based on specificities of modern law enforcement practice, is proposed.
Socio-Economic Development of Monotowns in Leningrad Region under Sanctions in 2022: Security, Risks, Opportunities
Authors: Антон Андреевич Копков, , Андрей Александрович Зайцев,
Published: December 2022

Исторически в нашей стране сформировался целый ряд так называемых моногородов, главной чертой которых является то, что на их территории существует градообразующее предприятие, деятельность которого полностью определяет специфику развития территории. Объективные сложности, связанные с развитием моногородов, безусловно, усугубляются под влиянием нестабильной макроэкономической ситуации, что особенно важно с учётом экономических санкций, которые уже введены и продолжают вводиться в отношении России в связи с событиями в Украине. В работе исследованы основные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются моногорода Ленинградской области в связи с санкционным давлением, а также обозначены связанные с этим проблемы экономической безопасности и рисков.

Historically, our country has seen the development of a number of so-called monotowns characterized by the dominance of a single enterprise on their territory completely determiningits development. The objective difficulties connected with the monotowns development are aggravated due to unstable macroeconomic situation, which is especially important given the economic sanctions that have already been introduced and continue to be imposed on Russia in connection with the events in Ukraine. We explore the main problems of the monotowns in Leningrad region in connection with the sanctions pressure and reveal economic security challenges and risks.
Thermoset Polymers Characterization as a Function of Cure State Using Off-stoichiometry Proxies
Authors: Olaya Michael , Shah Sagar , Maiaru Marianna
Published: December 2022

Rapid reaction kinetics often produce drastic changes in the thermo-chemo-mechanical characteristics of thermoset polymers over short time periods. Thus, it is a major challenge to quantify material properties over the entire spectrum of cure states at relevant temperatures with both efficiency and accuracy. This work presents a novel characterization technique as a function of the cure state of a difunctional epoxy with amine curing agent through off-stoichiometry mixing formulations that serve as proxies for the intermediately crosslinked polymer. Mass density, cure kinetics, and elastic and strength properties are characterized across four mixing ratios, and relative cure/crosslinked states of off-stoichiometry cases are quantified. Essential to this unique approach is the capability to eliminate time dependence resulting from reaction kinetics on characterizing intermediate crosslinking states. The procedure reported herein facilitates efficient and accurate measurement of properties of curing epoxies for building and validating computational process modeling frameworks developed for optimizing material performance.
Prediction and experimental validation of drug candidates that bind specifically to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain to prevent entry via Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)
Authors: Kim Soo-Kyung , Suebka Sartanee , Gin Adley , Nguyen Phuong-Diem , Tang Yisha , Su Judith , Goddard William
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has created enormous public health and economic crises. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to its host receptor, human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2), through its receptor binding domain (RBD) and is proteolytically activated by human protease TMPRSS2 to process the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to facilitate host cell entry. To identify new candidate drugs to inhibit binding of the RBD to hACE2 (the first step of virus entry), we used in silico screening (Phase VS from Schrӧdinger) to predict the RBD binding site and energetics for molecules in the ZINC FDA approved Drug Bank database (1,657 drugs), which includes clinical trial drugs approved by FDA. Using a pharmacophore (1 acceptor, 1 donor, 3 negatively charged, 1 positively charged) derived from the 2.5-Å X-ray structure SARS-CoV-2 RBD complexed with hACE2 (PDB ID: 6LZG), we found 29 unique hits. To refine the binding energies and bonding sites, we applied our DarwinDock complete sampling method, predicting that 4 of these 29 should bind strongly to the RBD site. Next, we tested 3 of these experimentally using FLOWER, a label-free optical whispering gallery mode sensing technique that can measure ligand-receptor binding affinities down to attomolar levels. We measure that methotrexate (MTX) and Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) bind with an inhibitory constant (Ki) of 0.2 pM in Tricine buffer, which is 1.832 million fold increase in binding strength compared to hACE2 (Kd: 366.4 nM). We then tested these ligands against common mutations: alpha, delta, and omicron. Our measured binding studies demonstrate that MTX provides inhibition against all four variants of SARS-coV-2. Indeed, the clinical and experimental data have shown that humans taking WT MTX are protected against infection by SARS-CoV-2.
An isoform-specific function of Cdc42 in regulating mammalian Exo70 during axon formation
Authors: Ravindran Priyadarshini , Püschel Andreas W
Published: December 2022

The highly conserved GTPase Cdc42 is an essential regulator of cell polarity and promotes exocytosis through the exocyst complex in budding yeast andDrosophila. In mammals, this function is performed by the closely related GTPase TC10, whereas mammalian Cdc42 does not interact with the exocyst. Axon formation is facilitated by the exocyst complex that tethers vesicles before their fusion to expand the plasma membrane. This function depends on the recruitment of the Exo70 subunit to the plasma membrane. Alternative splicing generates two Cdc42 isoforms that differ in their C-terminal 10 amino acids. Our results identify an isoform-specific function of Cdc42 in neurons. We show that the brain-specific Cdc42b isoform, in contrast to the ubiquitous isoform Cdc42u, can interact with Exo70. Inactivation of Arhgef7 or Cdc42b interferes with the exocytosis of post-Golgi vesicles in the growth cone. Cdc42b regulates exocytosis and axon formation downstream of its activator Arhgef7. Thus, the function of Cdc42 in regulating exocytosis is conserved in mammals but specific to one isoform.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rhizophora apiculata terhadap Kolesterol Total dan Trigliserida Rattus norvegicus Galur Sprague dawley yang Diinduksi Diet Tinggi Lemak
Authors: Mustofa Syazili , Adli Farhan Kamali , Wardani Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis , Busman Hendri
Published: December 2022

Dyslipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder in the form of an increase and decrease in the lipid fraction which is one of the high-risk factors for coronary heart disease and other non-communicable diseases. Rhizophora apiculata contains secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, saponin, and terpenoid which are thought to have the effect of preventing an increase in total cholesterol and triglyceride. This research is an experimental study with a posttest-only control group design carried out for 30 days using 30 experimental animals of Rattus norvegicus Sprague Dawley. There were 6 treatment groups, KN which was only given standard feed, K+ which was given quail egg yolk induction, simvastatin 10 mg/day, and K- which was given quail egg yolk induction. On the other hand, P1, P2, and P3 were given quail egg yolk induction, respectively. and leaf extract of Rhizophora apiculata with doses of 56mg/KgBW,m28mg/KgBW, and 14mg/KgBW. Then the rats were terminated using ketamine xylazine and blood was taken through the heart to be examined for total cholesterol and triglyceride using spectrophotometry. The results of the normality Shapiro-Wilk and Levene test p-value>0.05. In the One-way Anova test, cholesterol levels were 0.006 and triglyceride 0,002 (p-value
Studi Fenomenologi: Pengalaman Ibu dalam Mendapatkan Imunisasi Dasar pada Bayi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hardianti Tita , Mulyono Sigit , Astuti Astuti , Unayah Maelia , Fasimi Rizki Handayani , Adharudin M.
Published: December 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 basic immunization coverage in Indonesia decreased compared to last year. This study aims to find out a picture of the mother's experience in getting basic immunization for an infant during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Sawangan Healthcare Service Center, Depok City. Qualitative research design with phenomenological approach model, data collection with in-depth interviews of 7 participants with snowball sampling data collection method. The results found 6 themes including 1) An overview of the meaning of basic immunization, 2) a Negative maternal response to getting basic immunization in an infant during the Covid-19 pandemic, 3) a Positive maternal response to getting basic immunization for an infant during the Covid-19 pandemic, 4) Sources of maternal support in getting basic immunization for an infant during the Covid-19 pandemic, 6) Maternal barriers in getting basic immunization during the Covid-19 pandemic, 7) Mothers' expectations in basic immunization services for an infant during the Covid-19 pandemic. The enthusiasm of the mothers was extraordinary in their efforts to continue to get immunizations for the infants. However, government policies and regulations regarding immunization services during the Covid-19 pandemic have had a huge impact on the completeness of basic immunization coverage for infants during the Covid-19 pandemic, so this becomes a new threat and problem, especially the increase in diseases that can be prevented by immunization. Mothers with babies aged 0-12 months must improve their information technology skills to find out basic immunization service programs during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Turizm Yazınında Toplumsal Cinsiyet: Türkiye de Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Analizi (Gender in Tourism Literature: Bibliometric Analysis of Postgraduate Theses in Turkey)
Authors: Seven Bulut , Polat Emine Akya , Yavaş Adem , Çakmak Tolga Fahri
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı turizm konulu lisansüstü tezler içerisinde “toplumsal cinsiyet” başlığını içeren çalışmaların bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yapılan çalışmada incelenen lisansüstü tezlere Yüksek Öğrenim Kurumu (YÖK) Tez Merkezi’nden ulaşılmıştır. 2006-2022 yılları arasında erişme açık olan 7’si doktora ve 24’ü yüksek lisans tezi olmak üzere toplam 31 lisansüstü tez çalışma kapsamına dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışma Türkiye’de turizm ve toplumsal cinsiyet kavramlarının ilk kez bibliyometrik analiz yöntemiyle ele alınması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre “turizm” konulu ve içerisinde “toplumsal cinsiyet” başlığı bulunan lisansüstü tezlerinin büyük çoğunluğunun yüksek lisans derecesine sahip tezler olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Yazılan lisansüstü tezlerin yöntemleri incelendiğinde; nicel yöntemin 16, nitel yöntemin 14 ve karma yöntemin 1 tezde kullanıldığı görülmüş ve kullanılan yöntem sayılarında yakınlık olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Lisansüstü tez çalışmalarını yürüten 62 birey biyolojik cinsiyet bakımından incelendiğinde ise, kadın bireylerin (44) çalışmaya daha çok önem verdiği tespit edilmiştir.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS OBE
Authors: Rasyid Akhmad Hafizh Ainur , Yunitasari Bellina , Susila I Wayan , Dewanto Dewanto , Yunus Yunus , Santoso Dany Iman
Published: December 2022

Kurikulum yang diterapkan program studi S1 Teknik Mesin Unesa adalah kurikulum merdeka belajar dengan berfokus pada luaran atau Outcome Based Education (OBE). Karena berdasar luaran, maka luaran berupa pengetahuan (knowledge) dan keahlian (skill) harus dapat diukur (concretely measurable). Untuk mendapatkan hasil pengukuran yang baik diperlukan model evaluasi yang sesuai. Tujuan pada penelitian ini yaitu menemukan model evaluasi pembelajaran dengan basis OBE yang sesuai untuk diterapkan pada program studi S1 Teknik Mesin Unesa. Jenis dari penelitian yaitu kualitatif yang menggunakan metode FGD atau Focus Group Discussion sebagai metode pengumpulan datanya. Luaran dari hasil penelitian ini adalah metode evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis OBE. Capaian pembelajaran lulusan atau program learning otcome (PLO) Program Studi S1 Teknik Mesin Unesa dibuat mengikuti standar yang telah ditentukan oleh Badan Kerjasama Teknik Mesin (BKSTM), lembaga akreditasi, dan dapat memenuhi tujuan program studi (PEO). PLO program studi S1 Teknik Mesin Unesa berjumlah 10 poin yang mencakup kompetensi pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Model evaluasi pembelajaran mengukur ketercapaian PLO oleh matakuliah dengan pembagian kriteria excellent, very good, good, very satisfy, satisfy, fair, poor, very poor, fail.

Kata kunci: Outcome Based Education, evaluasi, pembelajaran.
Classification of Mediaeval Wine-Presses in the South-Western Crimea
Authors: Gantsev Valentin
Published: December 2022

The main purpose of this article is to develop an objective classification of mediaeval caved-in-rock wine-presses in the south-western Crimea. The accounts of 76 best-preserved wineries located within the limits of the “cave towns” of the Crimea or in their immediate vicinity are used. There were four main classes of wine-presses. Class I includes wineries, consisting of pressing platform, juice conduct, and juice container. Four types of class 1 wine-presses with variants have been suggested depending on the presence and location of cuts-in-rock intended for the lever press. Class II comprises of wine-presses consisting only of pressing platform and juice conduct. Class III consists of the wine-presses with portable wooden pressing platforms. Class IV comprises of screw presses. Class I wine-presses were the most common at the mediaeval sites in the Crimea. Lever press prevailed since it provided the cheapest construction and the most efficient usage.
The Games of the Population of Byzantine Taurica (According to the Archeological Sources)
Authors: Dushenko Anton
Published: December 2022

Games were a popular form of leisure activities in Byzantium. The aim of this article is to reconstruct the complex of games practiced by the population of Byzantine Taurica. The source base comprises of items of gaming equipment excavated at the Byzantine towns of the Crimea. Following to the nature of the gameplay, the games are divided into three groups: tactical, gambling, games of dexterity. The first group includes chess and board games, the Nine Men’s Morris, in particular. The second group includes games with six-sided dice and four astragali. The third group consists of two more games with astragali: knucklebones and πεντέλιθα. The games, archaeologically documented in the Byzantine towns of the Crimea, are typical for the entire territory of the empire and adjacent territories.
SOME QUESTIONS OF A FORENSIC MEDICAL INVESTIGATION OF GENERAL AND SPECIAL SIGNS OF TRACES FORMED FROM THE USE OF 12-CALIBER HUNTING WEAPONS WHEN SHOT BY A CARTRIDGE WITH A WADL-CONTAINER (AT A DISTANCE OF 0 CM - THE SHOT IS NOT A TIGHT STOP)
Authors: Kataev Alexander , Suvorov Alexander , Belavin Andrey
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the features of a forensic medical examination of traces when using a hunting weapon with 12-gauge ammunition equipped with a polymer wad-container (at a distance of 0 cm). The general and particular signs of gunshot injuries on obstacles are analyzed. A forensic medical assessment of the criteria underlying the algorithm for studying gunshot damage when using hunting weapons with 12-gauge ammunition equipped with a polymer wad-container (at a distance of 0 cm) is given.
Investigation of Flexural Damage of MWCNT Doped Polyurethane Nanocomposites Used in Automotive Industry
Authors: Rana KAVUNCU Müşerref , EKREM Mürsel , ATABERK Necati
Published: December 2022

Traditional materials such as metal, ceramic, polymer, etc. have been widely used in different applications since the beginning of mankind. Today, composite materials are among the fastest growing material classes, offering great potential
in optimizing material performance by combining the advantages of several different component materials. Polyurethane composites (PUCs) have admirable features such as low density, excellent flexibility, shape memory, high wear
resistance, corrosion resistance, high elongation at break, damping ability, resistance to weather conditions, high elasticity, anti-aging, good machinability, high impact resistance, excellent brightness. Polymer nanocomposites
reinforced with nanoparticles have become a remarkable milestone in materials science, both in academic and industrial fields. In this study, polymer nanocomposite materials were produced by filling multi-walled carbon nanotubes
(MWCNTs) in the polyurethane resin with the solution preparation method at the ratios of 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 by weight. Three-point bending tests, bending strength, Young's modulus, toughness, rupture strains of PU nanocomposites
filled with different addinng ratios of MWCNTs were compared with pure PU. MWCNT doped polyurethane nanocomposite materials were produced and then three point bending specimens of these materials according to ASTM D790-02 standard
were prepared. While the flexural strength of pure polyurethane was 25 MPa, the flexural strength of 0.35% MWCNT filled polyurethane nanocomposite material was 36.7 MPa with an increase of 46.8%. It was observed that the stiffness
of MWCNT filled PU nanocomposites increased compared to pure polyurethane resin. In addition, the damage behavior of the fractured surfaces was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Boronizing of Cobalt Based Haynes 25/L-605 Superalloy
Authors: GİRİŞKEN İlhan , ÇAM Gürel
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada, kobalt esaslı Haynes 25 süperalaşımına 900℃’de 2 saat, 900℃’de 4 saat ve 1000℃’de 4 saat süre ile %90 B4C+%10 NaBF4 tozları ortamında kutu borlama işlemi uygulanmıştır. Borlama sonrası numunelerin yüzeyinde oluşturulan
borür tabakalarının karakterizasyonu taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), X-ışını difraktometresi (XRD) ve mikrosertlik testleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. XRD analizleri sonucunda yüzeyde oluşan borür tabakalarının alaşımın içeriği
ve difüze olan bor elementine bağlı olarak baskın fazın CoB olmakla birlikte yapıda düşük miktarda (CoFe)B2, CrB ve W3CoB3 fazlarından oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Borlama sıcaklığı ve borlama süresindeki artış kaplama kalınlığı
ve sertlik değerlerinde artış ile sonuçlanmıştır. Kullanılan yüksek konsantrasyonlu borlama tozu sayesinde literatüre göre daha kalın borür tabakaları elde edilmiştir. Borlama işlemi sonucu Haynes 25 süperalaşımının sertlik değerinde
5 kat’a varan bir artış meydana gelmiştir.
Desafíos de la humanidad
Authors: Murillo Fernández Luis
Published: December 2022

Luis Murillo Fernández es ingeniero electricista con especialización en Informática Industrial y maestría en Gestión de la innovación. Su experiencia en Inteligencia Artificial es de 15 años, “inicialmente con sistemas de control neuro difuso y hoy en día en Machine Learning y ciencia de datos”, aclara.
Febre Tifoide no Brasil: aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos. 2007 a 2018
Authors: da Silva Neuder Wesley França
Published: December 2022

A febre tifoide (FT) é uma doença bacteriana aguda, de distribuição mundial,
associada a baixos níveis socioeconômicos, usualmente detectada em área com
negligências em saneamento, higiene pessoal e ambiental. Desta feita,
objetivou-se descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos confirmados de
FT no Brasil. Assim, realizou-se estudo descritivo dos casos confirmados de FT,
entre 2007 e 2018, utilizando-se o banco de dados do DATASUS/MS. Desta maneira,
observou-se 2.090 casos confirmados, com predomínio na região Norte (50,72%) e
Nordeste (38,42%), principalmente no Pará (28,80%), Maranhão (17,32%) e Amazonas
(9,6%). A incidência nacional foi de 0,09casos/100 mil hab., e maior no Amapá
(1,98/100 mil hab.). Em 2007 e 2018 ocorreram as maiores e menores frequências
(19,23% e 3,97%, respectivamente), com decréscimo de 15,26% no período e média
anual de 174 casos. Usualmente envolveu o sexo masculino (55,41%); na zona
urbana (80,41%); faixa etária de 15 a 59 anos (61,11%); com diagnóstico
laboratorial (73,75%); evolução para cura (80,75%) e maior frequência de óbitos
no sexo masculino (0,53%). A FT prevaleceu na região Norte do país,
principalmente nos estados do Pará, Maranhão, Amazonas, Bahia e Amapá (maior
incidência), com decréscimo de casos no país. Frequentemente envolveram o sexo
masculino, da zona urbana, na faixa etária de 15 a 59 anos, diagnosticados
laboratorialmente, sendo frequente a evolução para cura, com a maioria dos
óbitos no sexo masculino. Tais resultados são condizentes com os achados na
literatura existente no país.