bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Probability Analysis Technology of Circular Section Cabin Socket Structure Based on APDL
Authors: Yi Long , Li Yuliang , Wu Henggui , Zhao Yukun , Zhong Maoping
Published: March 2022

In the strength design of sleeve joint structure, manufacturing tolerance and fit clearance are generally ignored. The load of connecting screw is usually calculated by the method of linear distribution. The contact force between screw and cabin is usually simulated by deterministic finite element method. The command flow of probability analysis for typical circular section socket structure is developed based on APDL. The uncertainty of manufacturing tolerance and fit clearance for socket structure is defined as random input variables, such as the cabin diameter, cabin hole position, and cabin aperture and so on. Monte Carlo method is used in probability analysis, and the input variables are random uniform distribution. The analysis results show that the transfer load of screws is redistributed under the probability analysis compared with the finite element analysis, and some screws bear larger load, while the nearby screws bear smaller load. At the same time, the load transferred by screw is not only affected by its own variables, but also by others. The probability analysis method can fully consider the influence of manufacturing tolerance of the structure, and evaluate the structural strength margin more accurately. It can not only prevent the harm caused by uncertainty of random manufacturing tolerance, but also prevent over design caused by conservative method.
Structural Design of Die-Casting Die for Industrial Cabinet Lock Handle Based on Pro/E
Authors: Tan Fenfang , Tan Zhihang , Luo Kuang
Published: March 2022

This paper uses Pro/E and CAD software to carry out the design of die-casting mold structure for industrial cabinet lock handle.Firstly, the three-dimensional modeling, process analysis and calculation of the handle parts are carried out, and then the solid model is established.The die-casting machine is selected according to the clamping force. Finally, the opening and closing die is simulated, and the general assembly drawing of the die-casting die is drawn to ensure the cooperation with other parts without interference, which is of certain guidance to the actual production.
Research on Valveless Piezoelectric Micropump Based on COMSOL and 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Zhao Shanshan , Yan Xiaoxiao , Wang Zhen , Tang Gang , Zhang Liling , Xu Bin , Deng Xiaozhen , Li Yuwen
Published: March 2022

In order to make the output flow of the valveless micropump larger and obtain continuous pumping capacity, a valveless piezoelectric micropump with a combination of V-shaped structure inlet and Y-shaped structure outlet is designed, which saves the design and installation of microvalve and makes the structure relatively simple and easy to process. In this paper, first, the operating principle of the valveless piezoelectric micro pump is analyzed; secondly, COMSOL simulation software was used to perform modal analysis on the drive and the appropriate vibration mode was obtained. The displacement trend of the piezoelectric vibrator was simulated and tested at the frequency of 40 Hz and different voltages; finally, 3D printing technology was used to produce an experimental prototype of the micro-pump, and t the specific size of the micro pump is 20 mm×20 mm×6 mm. The test results show that, driven by AC voltage, the discharge liquid of the valveless piezoelectric micropump can reach 658.8μl/min.
Research on the Development of Unmanned Underwater System Detection Technology
Authors: Wu Yuqi , Deng Yuhan , Zhang Longgang , Zhang Qidong , Bao Ran
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the number of unmanned systems in the world has been increasing. The emerging underwater platforms such as UUV are large in number, small in size, low in speed and low in noise. In the future, a variety of ocean combat missions will use a large number of UUV platforms. The existing methods for detecting underwater vehicles mainly include sonar, magnetometer. Based on this, by referring to a large number of literatures, a review of the research progress of underwater exploration at home and abroad in recent years. And compared with the United States, Russia and other countries unmanned system detection technology and equipment, analysis of their applicable conditions and advantages and disadvantages. This paper summarizes the technical difficulties of underwater detection methods and proposes corresponding solutions. At the same time, we forecast the development trend of underwater detection technology in the future.
Research and Development of a Real-time UAV Flight Visualization Simulation System
Authors: Xiao Yang , Dai Shulin , Xiao Chenfan , Xu Xinfeng
Published: March 2022

On the premise of practical application, this paper describes the principle, technology and implementation methods of a real-time UAV flight visualization simulation system. The overall framework, hardware system composition, UAV flight model establishment, determination of flight control mode and control rate, design of 3D visual simulation system, management and processing of UAV flight state data are discussed, and finally, the actual application effect of the system is evaluated.
Kinematic Modeling of 3P2R Welding Robot Based on D-H Parameters
Authors: Chen Hongtang , Ma Haijun , Jiang Hongli , Lv Shenjin , Li Yong , Liu Heshan
Published: March 2022

To meet the demand of different vehicle models welding task, as well as lower the cost of specialized welding facility, a kind of 3P2R arc welding robot has been developed and SolidWorks is used to set up the Three Dimensional (3D) solid model. The developed robot includes 3P2R body, controller, and a welding power supply. The direct kinematical model and inverse solution have been worked out basing on Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) method, and the direct kinematical model and inverse solution are verified by experiment. This robot could also be used to burring or spray field with the actuator changed.
Finite element analysis and structural design of fracturing pump valve chamber under multiple working conditions
Authors: Wang Xulong
Published: March 2022

Aiming at the engineering problem of fatigue crack cracking and failure of fracturing pump valve box under multiple working conditions in actual service, taking a model of three-cylinder fracturing pump valve box as the research object, analyze its working conditions and classify typical working conditions. combined with the working principle and the work sequence of each cylinder of the crankshaft, explore the working mechanism of each cylinder under different typical working conditions, According to the actual pressure pump valve box material and finite element geometric model, the service load equivalence under different typical working conditions is determined. Based on the ANSYS Workbench simulation platform, the finite element numerical analysis of the fracturing pump valve box is carried out to explore the internal stress-strain deformation distribution mechanism of the valve box under the actual service environment, and then the structural design of the existing fracturing pump valve box is improved, The calculation shows that the improvement effect is increased by 29%, which can provide theoretical reference and technical support for structural design optimization and fatigue analysis of fracturing pump valve box.
Improved Genetic Algorithm-Based Impulse Optimization for Cable-driven Camera Robot
Authors: Zhao Siqi , Su Yu , Zhu Qing
Published: March 2022

Cable-driven camera robot has the characteristics of high load/mass ratio, large working space, fast response speed and strong environmental adaptability, which has a wide application prospect and important development value. However, the high-speed movement of the camera robot has a great impact on its performance, and an optimal design method that meets its actual characteristics is needed to improve its overall performance. In view of the shortcomings of the standard genetic algorithm, such as premature convergence and insufficient global optimization searching ability, an improved genetic algorithm is proposed. Compared with the optimization results of the standard genetic algorithm, The improved genetic algorithm converges to the global optimal solution and the impulse decreases obviously, it shows that the improved genetic algorithm is more effective and practical, and reduces the impact of cable tension, thus obtaining better camera robot design parameters.
Numerical simulation on flow boiling characteristics in sinusoidal channels of airborne micro heat exchanger
Authors: Liang Xingzhuang , Xu Yu , Wang Jian
Published: March 2022

With the miniaturization of airborne system, heat dissipation has become a critical issue. Since sinusoidal channel can enhance flow disturbance, it has a stronger heat exchange capacity than that of straight channel. However, flow boiling characteristics in sinusoidal channel are more complex. Here, numerical simulations of flow boiling in sinusoidal and straight microchannels are conducted based on the VOF model with the inner diameter of 1 mm, mass flux of 500 kg/m2s and heat flux of 50 kW/m2. The effects of channel structure and hypergravity are obtained. The simulation results indicate that bubble evolution in sinusoidal channel is more complex than that in straight channel, and bubbles are more likely to coalesce, deform and break. Vortices appear in sinusoidal channel and disrupt the near-wall boundary layer. Bubble evolution combined with vortices affect the flow boiling performances. For straight channel, dryout is less likely to occur, while for sinusoidal channel, it is more likely due to more drastic flow changes. Furthermore, the transition of flow patterns is faster under hypergravity. For sinusoidal channel, flow patterns transform earlier into slug and circular flows.
Optimization and Solution of the Temperature Curve of Reflow
Authors: Zu Zishuai , Liu Hanbing
Published: March 2022

In the production process of electronic products such as process integrated circuit boards, some firmware needs to be heated and soldered to the circuit board through a reflow furnace. In this process, the temperature setting of each temperature zone and the control of the furnace passing speed play a vital role in the quality of the product. By consulting the data, it is known that the reflow heats the welding area by impinging jets, and it is considered that the heat transfer in the reflow is carried out by heat convection. Using Newton’s law of cooling, the three-dimensional heat transfer process is simplified to a two-dimensional unsteady heat transfer problem. Taking into account the lag of the center temperature of the circuit board relative to the surface temperature, it is considered that the heat transfer in the circuit board is carried out by heat conduction, and the physical parameters such as the density and heat transfer coefficient of the circuit board and the soldering area are integrated into a constant τ. The known data is obtained, and the temperature change law model is finally established.
Brake piston design for a new radial plunger motor
Authors: Chen Ruhuan , Shrive Chris , Wan Yanjiang , Chen Xiaoyuan , Shao Yun
Published: March 2022

A brake piston was developed for a new radial plunger motor. Typical brake on/off load cases were verified for these potential applications to avoid potential strength and durability risks. Furthermore, piston structural optimization was done to reduce casting costs. Finally, its thickness was reduced by 19%, and the cost was reduced by 10%. By FEA structural fatigue simulation and optimization method, The design time of piston design was shortened, cost down and product competitiveness was increased.
Study of atomization characteristics of air atomizing nozzles for additive manufacturing
Authors: Wang Zhisheng , Fan Wei , Shi He , Shi Pengyu , Don Rongxiao
Published: March 2022

In the present study, a series of experiments on the fuel jet from a 3D-printed swirling nozzle were performed. The particle size distribution of the fuel at different injection pressures was measured by a particle size analyzer, and the enhancement of the jet atomization by swirling air was also evaluated. The Rosin-Rammler distribution model was used to analyze the trend of the jet distribution modulus along with the fuel inject pressure, and the particle size variation analyzed the jet development process. The applicability of 3D printed nozzles for aero-engine was evaluated by varying the nozzle flow number.
Aerodynamic and Infrared Radiation Characteristics of the Spherical Convergent Flap Nozzle under Vector Actuations
Authors: Bai Jin , Yang Qingzhen , Li Yiwen , Gao Xiang
Published: March 2022

In present work, the aerodynamic characteristics and the infrared radiation (IR) features of the spherical convergent flap nozzle (SCFN) under vector actuating operations have been studied numerically. The infrared radiation (IR) features of the nozzle under different vector actuation angle have been studied using the reverse Monte-Carlo method (RMCM). Several parameters, such as IR intensity, radiation brightness, and the spectral radiant intensity of the nozzle, are analyzed in detail. The results show that SCFN radiation intensity distribution gradually transitions from two-peak distribution to single-peak distribution. When the pitching motion is activated, the “second peak” located downstream of the deflection vector angle is gradually weakened and disappears. The peak gradually approaches the peak of the mixer, and the contribution of the mixer gradually dominates. With the increase of geometric vector angle in the pitching direction, the detection angle of the nozzle’s infrared radiation intensity peak is less than the geometric vector angle, meanwhile the decrease of the peak value of the infrared radiation intensity of the nozzle is parabolic with the geometric vector angle. Along the direction of the pitching operation, the average value of the infrared radiation at a detection angle of −35° to 35° decreases linearly. When the yaw motion is activated, the infrared radiation intensity distribution in the backward direction of the nozzle exhibits a single-peak feature, and the detection angle at which the peak is located is also smaller than its geometric vector angle. Using the detection angle of the peak as the axis of symmetry, the curve of the infrared radiation intensity distribution behind the nozzle is symmetrical. As the geometric vector angle in the yaw direction increases, along the direction of the pitching operation, both the average value of infrared radiation at a detection angle of -35° to 35° and the peak value of the backward infrared integrated radiation intensity of the nozzle decrease linearly. Besides, the maximum drop is much smaller than the maximum drop during pitching operation.
Comoving Wide Binary Star Systems within the Hyades Star Cluster and Their Positions on Color-Magnitude Diagrams
Authors: Yang Andrew Hudson
Published: March 2022

Single star systems like our solar system are in fact not the most abundant in our universe. This research paper will specifically investigate the wide, or visual, binary star systems within the Hyades open star cluster and their positions on color-magnitude diagrams (CMD). To do this, this work incorporates the Gaia EDR3 dataset and python coding to conduct the mass selection and graphing of the data. The stars within the Hyades are first selected by evaluating their coordinates and then their relative motion. This maximizes our accuracy in selecting gravitationally bound stars within the Hyades. Then, by further reducing the margins, this paper identifies comoving wide binary star systems within our initially selected Hyades candidates. Finally, the CMD of the wide binary star systems within the Hyades star cluster is plotted along with the other none-binary star systems within the star cluster and the stars within the local 100 parsec (pc) of the Earth.
Research on Flush Air Data Sensing System Based on Kriging Model
Authors: Chen Zhikang , Xu Guili
Published: March 2022

Compared with traditional air data senening system, flush air data sensing (FADS) system is more accurate, more reliable, and can be used in invisible environment. Algorithm research on FADS was conducted using Kriging model with good real-time and high accuracy. The aerodynamic model of FADS was established while Kriging algorithm was used to calculate flight data with optimized parameter. Mach number, angle of attack, and the aircraft were calculated with simulation and wind tunnel experimental data based on Kriging algorithm. Compared with the neural network algorithm, the inverse distance weight interpolation algorithm, and the SVR fitting algorithm, the results show that the optimized Kriging algorithm performs better.
Topology and Size Optimization for Flap Track
Authors: Kang Chenchen , Dong Meng
Published: March 2022

Structure optimization is widely used in engineering today, it is very important to carry out the optimization after the preliminary design to reduce the weight of the structure. This paper is based on the basic theory of the finite element method. Firstly, the static analysis of flap track is carried out, the stress distribution and stiffness results are obtained. After that, a topology optimization is carried out based on the Hypermesh software. Lastly, a size optimization is carried out to get an easy processing structure. In conclusion: This paper studies the flap track, the optimization is carried out for flap track, the overall weight of the flap track is reduced by 15% under the satisfaction of safety and stiffness.
Abnormal Breakdown Process and Mechanism of High-performance Epoxy Insulation
Authors: Zhou Fusheng , Huang Ruodong , Gao Chao , Yang Yun , Qiao Yajun , Zhu Chunchang , Luo Tongchun
Published: March 2022

In recent years, various faults caused by insufficient mechanical properties of high-performance epoxy insulating parts occur from time to time. The breakdown position is epoxy metal interface, in which an obvious mechanical failure form is found. It is speculated that the failure mechanism may be the failure process caused by combined electrical mechanical breakdown. An insulation failure of epoxy insulating parts was analysed and he similarities and differences of bending and tensile properties of single column leg of different batches of products was studied, which is used to put forward the bulk insulation failure process of epoxy insulating parts under mechanical electrical coupling. In this paper, the bending test and tensile test of single column leg of high-performance insulation are designed, and the bonding strength of column leg insert is studied and analyzed. It is found that the bonding strength of column leg inserts of high-performance insulating parts in the fault batch is insufficient and has great dispersion. The bonding strength of column leg inserts is mainly affected by the knurling shape, knurling width and the coating shape of semi-conductive adhesive on the surface of the insert.
Electromagnetic threat faced by mobile launch rocket and simulation construction of test electromagnetic environment
Authors: Chen Yiwen , Zhao Liwen , Ouyang Zhihong
Published: March 2022

Under the condition of informatization, the system efficiency will be seriously challenged by the intervention of opponents in the electromagnetic field. With the complexity of the electromagnetic environment in the future, the types of electromagnetic threats faced by mobile launch rockets are increasing. The adaptability to the complex electromagnetic environment has become the key factor whether they can complete the launch mission as planned. Taking the mobile launch rocket as the research object, this paper analyzes the main electromagnetic threats faced by it, such as electronic reconnaissance, electronic jamming, electronic destruction and precision strike, and puts forward the basic scheme of electromagnetic threat environment simulation required for relevant electromagnetic environment adaptability test. The research has direct guiding value for testing the electromagnetic threat response ability of mobile launch rocket and promoting its application and efficiency in complex electromagnetic environment.
Analysis and Suppression of Harmonic Characteristic for Multi-pulse Rectifier Based on Phase-shifting Transformer
Authors: Hu HeJun , Wang JunJia , Huang YiYun , Li XiaoFeng , Chen Hui
Published: March 2022

With the wide application of rectifiers, the harmonic content of power grid is increasing. In fact, the multi-pulse rectifier produces lower harmonic content than the lower pulse rectifier. In order to reduce harmonic content from harmonic source in power grid, the multi-pulse rectifier is designed based on the phase-shifting transformer in this paper. First of all, the design method of multi-pulse rectifier is introduced by theoretical analysis. Then, the harmonic mechanism is deduced by the mathematical formula, which explains the harmonic generation process. After that, the correctness and reliability of theory analysis are proved by simulation. Finally, the harmonics of the multi-pulse rectifier are suppressed by filtering branches.
Study on the Model and Simulation of Single-Unit Isolated Grid Operation Using APROS
Authors: Zeng Chunyang , Xing Tianyang , Zhu Xiaoliang
Published: March 2022

In order to solve the problem of imperfect control strategy and unstable control for steam turbine rotating speed of isolated grid operation in distributed generation system, based on APROS simulation support platform, the isolated grid system is divided into steam turbine system, energy-consuming system and throttle system to construct the model of single-unit isolated grid operation. The simulation results verify the accuracy of the steady-state model. The turbine energy-consuming system model can characterize the operating characteristics of the isolated grid, and the operating characteristics of the energy-consuming system will significantly affect the speed regulation of the turbine system. The establishment of the overall model lays foundation for the design and optimization of the control scheme of the single-unit isolated grid system.
Multi region integrated energy system planning method considering the dynamic characteristics of heat supply network
Authors: Wang Qiu , Zhang Qun , Li Yan
Published: March 2022

In view of the poor effect of current heat supply network energy system planning, a multi regional comprehensive energy system planning method based on the dynamic characteristics of heat supply network is proposed, the equipment structure of energy hub is optimized, and the evaluation index and algorithm of multi regional comprehensive energy system planning are constructed to ensure the effect of multi regional comprehensive energy system planning with the dynamic characteristics of heat supply network. Finally, it is confirmed by experiments. In practical applications, the method in this paper is highly adaptable and can meet the research requirements.
Optimal scheduling of integrated energy system considering integrated demand response
Authors: Jia Shaokun , Xu Jian , Bai Jie , Liu Songyang , Xia Pengquan
Published: March 2022

To improve the reliability and economy of integrated energy system, considering the demand response strategy of the integrated energy system, the integrated energy system of IDR is established. Taking the minimum cost as the objective function, a comprehensive energy system scheduling model considering the balance of supply and demand and the constraints of energy supply and storage equipment is proposed. The improved second-order oscillatory particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is verified by example simulation.
Capacity Analysis of Cable Insulation Crosslinking Production Process Based on IoT Big Data
Authors: Lv ZhenHui , Bian LongJiang , Feng MingJun , Zhang JinLi
Published: March 2022

In the cable insulation crosslinking production process, the process quality is determined by multiple processes and multiple related process variables, and there are complex autocorrelation and cross-correlation among these process variables. In this paper, different process variables are studied. By implementing statistical process control on a univariate, single value control chart (I) and moving range control chart (

M
¯

R

) are drawn, and process capability CP
is analyzed to find variables with weak process capability for improvement. At the same time, based on the background of the continuous development of the Internet of Things and big data technology, this paper evaluates the complex autocorrelation and cross-correlation between the overall process variables, adopts the multivariate statistical process control technology, and combines the multivariate HOTELLING T2 control chart and MEWMA control chart to reflect the statistical characteristics of multiple variables, thus avoiding misjudgment or omission of process quality monitoring model. By studying the setting of cable production process parameters and quality standards, combined with the application of complete multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) around the evaluation results, process, and technical requirements, this research can provide effective guidance for the cable insulation crosslinking production process
Calculation of Probabilistic Energy Flow of Colding-heating-electricity Interconnection System Considering Wind Power
Authors: Zhang Tieyan , Yang Junbao , Zhao Tao , Li Min , Zhang Dawei , Wang Yuri
Published: March 2022

In order to effectively evaluate the impact of wind power connection on the operation of the colding-heating-electricity interconnection system, a probabilistic energy flow calculation method based on the semi-invariant method and improved K-means is proposed. First, a colding-heating-electricity joint system model was established. Secondly, based on the semi-invariant method, an improved K-means clustering technique was proposed to solve the problems caused by different input random sample types. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed method is verified by simulation.
Residential mobility and its effect on voter turnout in Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ajakaiye O.O. , Anumudu F.E. , Akinola A.O. , Okagbue H.I. , Peter N.J.
Published: March 2022

The study is aimed at assessing the effect of residential mobility on voter turnout or electoral participation, by exploring: the average distance between a polling unit and voter residence and the relationship between residential mobility and voter turnout in Alaka LSDPC Estate, Surulere Local Government Area. The study targeted a population of residents who moved into the neighborhood between 2015 to 2019 general elections, employed a hundred percent sample size, considering the marginal figure of 36 families and the sampling technique adopted was the snowballing and purposive. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used for the average distance between a polling unit and voter residence, and ANOVA and linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between residential mobility and voter turnout. The current study found out that there is a significant relationship between residential mobility and voter turnout, as the average distance between a polling unit and a voter’s residence is greater than 20 km which implies that it is very far and inaccessible. Residential mobility indeed affects voter participation, with a P = 0.001 value and R2 value of 0.513 (51.3%). It is recommended that residential mobility be considered in electoral policies, laws, initiatives, and programs by the electoral body to ensure total inclusion.
An examination of the level of engagement of modern portfolio techniques for portfolio management by real estate firms in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Oloke O.C. , Odetunmbi O.A. , Akinwumi S.A.
Published: March 2022

Portfolio management in real estate practices was examined in this study with a view to ascertaining the techniques engaged in carrying out the risk and return analysis as well as the evaluating portfolio performance in the firm. Questionnaires were administered to respondents from 208 estate surveying and valuation firms in Ikeja, Lagos Island, Ikoyi and Victoria Island, Lagos State.Response rate achieved was 86.5%. Basic descriptive tools of percentage, weighted mean, relative importance index were used to analyse the data.The study found that the number of firms that offer portfolio management services is rather low compared to other areas of services.Results further showed that the firms ranked discounted cashflow and contemporary growth models higher than the modern portfolio techniques for asset return assessment whereas simulation and modern portfolio tools ranked higher among the techniques for risk assessment. Finally, the results showed that most firms make use of contemporary growth models, benchmark, style or market comparison to evaluate the performance of the portfolio. The study therefore suggests that estate firms embark on staff capacity development for effective application of modern portfolio theory techniques and making the service widespread among practicing firms.
Design and construction of a home air quality monitoring system
Authors: Ochie S. , Usikalu M.R. , Akinpelu A. , Ayara W.A. , Ayanbisi O.W.
Published: March 2022

Air pollution is one of the most dangerous problems we face in the world today. It is the cause of many illnesses like asthma, cancer, bronchitis, congenital disabilities and other diseases that affect the immune system of both humans and non-human animals. Among the factors that characterize the quality of air are temperature and humidity and the level of Carbon dioxide in the environment. This reseaerch involves the design and construction of a device that measures the temperature, humidity and
CO2

levels in an environment, using a DHT11 and MQ135 sensor. The values were compared with the expected values from a trusted website to determine the accuracy of the device. The device was also used to take the temperature, humidity and
CO2

levels of the living room, bedroom, kitchen and balcony in a house to determine the quality of air in the house. The results obtained in the living room and balcony revealed impressive air quality with the temperature and humidity in the safe zone while the level of
CO2

was normal. The air quality in the bedroom was acceptable, although it could do with better ventilation if it is to house more people. The kitchen, however, showed high temperatures at certain hours and high humidity as well as
CO2

levels. It was concluded that improvements are necessary for the ventilation of the kitchen to improve the quality of air.
Phytochemical constituents and proximate analysis of dry pineapple peels
Authors: Owoeye T.F. , Akinlabu D.K. , Ajayi O.O. , Afolalu S.A. , Popoola J.O. , Ajani O.O.
Published: March 2022

The pineapple and its skin contain a lot of vitamin C, which helps to prevent and fight illnesses. Dry pineapple peel phytochemicals and proximate analysis were investigated in this study. Oil derived from ripe pineapple peels was tested for phytochemical constituents and proximate analysis of dry peel pineapple using a conventional method.Moisture content was 5.10±0.07%, the ash content was 3.78±0.05%, the fat content was 5.57±0.08%, the protein content was 5.78±0.10%, the crude fiber content was 4.10±0.06%, and the carbohydrate content was 75.68±0.86%. Alkaloid phenol, tannin, flavonoid, and saponin were identified as phytochemical components from the result of phytochemical screening.The presence of secondary metabolites in pineapple peel oil is a positive indicator that if thoroughly investigated, bioactive chemicals with significant biological activity may be extracted. As a result, it's plausible to believe that nutraceutical advantages can be derived from this waste (pineapple peel), potentially boosting humanity's prosperity, health and well-being.
Modelling neuron fiber interaction and coupling in non-myelinated bundled fiber
Authors: Bujar Baruah Satyabrat Malla , Roy Soumik
Published: March 2022

Understanding the local dynamics of a neural network relies heavily on local field potential and cell-field interaction. But it is still unclear how local the local potential is and what kinds of consequences the trans-membrane current flow and produced electric field have on the local neural fiber. Mimicking signal transmission in neighboring nerve fiber, a simulation model is built to analyze local behavior due to trans-membrane current, cell-field interactions, and their repercussions on the bundled fiber system. Simulation studies reveal that depending on the coupling parameters, activity in one fiber can depolarize or hyper-polarize adjacent fibers. The suggested cell-field interaction model was tested using an orientation-selective coupled retinal ganglion cell network, which was compared to its uncoupled counterpart. The proposed work has been used to model and simulate local signal dynamics in a bundled fiber system of an orientation-selective RGC network due to cell-field interaction, as well as to gain insight into the possible significance of dendritic fiber coupling in orientation selectivity bandwidth adjustment.
Construction of tumor microenvironment and redox responsive nanocarrier-mediated cisplatin co-delivery system for effective chemotherapy to pancreatic cancer
Authors: Jia Zhou-Yan , Zhou Hao , Hou Li-Shuang , Kou Fang , Zhang Tang-Rui , Wang Bao-Long , Wang Wei , Zhou Si-Yuan , Zhang Bang-Le
Published: March 2022

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor with a high mortality rate. The rich stroma in tumor tissue is a major barrier to drug penetration and tumor killing. Cisplatin and cisplatin-based nano-delivery systems are widely used as chemotherapeutic agents. However, the side effects and the inability of permeating tumor tissue in depth have limited their application in the clinic. Hyaluronan is an important component of the extracellular matrix in the tumor tissue and has the potential to be targeted for tumor stroma degradation. Therefore, a nanocarrier-mediated cisplatin co-delivery system BPEI-SS-Pt/HAase@CaP consisting of hyaluronidase (HAase) and polymer-cisplatin conjugate BPEI-SS-Pt through disulfide bonding to branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI) was constructed. In the construction of the co-delivery system of BPEI-SS-Pt and HAase, amorphous calcium phosphate is introduced to obtain the tumor microenvironment responsive release of HAase. The particle size of optimized BPEI-SS-Pt/HAase@CaP nano-complexes is 143 ± 14 nm. In the tumor microenvironment, BPEI-SS-Pt/HAase@CaP nano-complexes were able to release HAase to degrade the hyaluronan in the tumor stroma. The results of histochemical and fluorescent labeling showed that hyaluronan was degraded in vivo by BPEI-SS-Pt/HAase@CaP and the nanocarrier-mediated BPEI-SS-Pt can be easily across the loosened stroma and penetrated the tumor tissue more deeply compared with BPEI-SS-Pt without loading HAase. When they were uptaken into tumor cells and responded to high glutathione in the intracellular environment to release cisplatin, more effective chemotherapy to pancreatic cancer was obtained. Compared with the free cisplatin or BPEI-SS-Pt group, BPEI-SS-Pt/HAase@CaP nano-complexes achieved the best antitumor effect in vivo, promising the future clinic use of cisplatin for effective chemotherapy to pancreatic cancer.
A fluid description based on the Bernoulli equation of the one-body stationary states of quantum mechanics with real valued wavefunctions
Authors: Finley James P
Published: March 2022

A formalism is developed, and applied, that describes a class of one-body quantum mechanical systems as fluids where each stationary state is a steady flow state. The time-independent Schrödinger equation for one-body stationary states with real-valued wavefunctions is shown to be equivalent to a compressible-flow generalization of the Bernoulli equation of fluid dynamics. The mass density, velocity and pressure are taken as functions that are determined by the probability density. The generalized Bernoulli equation describes compressible, irrotational, steady flow with variable mass and a constant specific total energy, i.e, a constant energy per mass for each fluid element. The generalized Bernoulli equation and a generalized continuity equation provide a fluid dynamic interpretation of a class of quantum mechanical stationary states that is an alternative to the unrealistic, static-fluid interpretation provided by the Madelung equations and quantum hydrodynamics. The total kinetic energy from the Bernoulli equation is shown to be equal to the expectation value of the kinetic energy, and the integrand of the expectation value of the kinetic energy is given an interpretation. It is also demonstrated that variable mass is necessary for a satisfactory fluid model of stationary states. However, over all space, the flows conserve mass, because the rate of mass creation from the sources are equal to the rate of mass annihilation from the sinks. The following flows are examined: the ground and first excited-states of a particle in a one-dimensional box, the harmonic oscillator, and the hydrogen s states.
Future changes in precipitation over the upper Yangtze River basin based on bias correction spatial downscaling of models from CMIP6
Authors: Wu Heng , Lei Huimin , Lu Weiwei , Liu Zhiwu
Published: March 2022

Global climate change will change the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation, as well as the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation. The Yangtze River basin is one of the world’s largest basins, and understanding the future precipitation changes should be vital to flood control, water resources supply, and hydropower electricity generation in this basin. In this study, projected future characteristics of precipitation are analyzed in the upper Yangtze river basin (UYRB). To this end, based on the observed data from national meteorological stations, the bias correction spatial downscaling (BCSD) of five models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) is carried out. Then, based on the results of multi model ensemble (MME), we find that, relative to the historical period (1988–2014), the mean annual precipitation in the whole UYRB during 2015–2064 increases by 4.23%, 1.11%, 1.24% under SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5, respectively, and it increases more in the long term (2040-2064) than that in the near term (2015–2039). Under SSP1–2.6, the precipitation will increase more significantly, which means lower emission of aerosols and greenhouse gases may increase the risk of flood disaster in the future over the UYRB. Interdecadal precipitation variability is more intense than interannual precipitation variability. Future precipitation changes in four seasons are spatially heterogeneous under three scenarios. Three extreme precipitation indices, including R95p, Rx1day and R10 mm, generally increase in the UYRB. R95p and Rx1day increase more in the WR and YBYCR basins with relatively high mean annual precipitation than that in other three sub-basins. R10 mm changes slightly in all sub-basins. The results reveal that the lower region of the UYRB may face greater risk of extreme precipitation. This study provides a timely updated finding about future changes in precipitation in the UYRB based on more accurate climate projections and ground-based observation.
Particle swarm optimization of GaAs-AlGaAS nanowire photonic crystals as two-dimensional diffraction gratings for light trapping
Authors: Zagaglia Luca , Demontis Valeria , Rossella Francesco , Floris Francesco
Published: March 2022

Semiconductor nanowire ordered arrays represent a class of bi-dimensional photonic crystals that can be engineered to obtain functional metamaterials. Here is proposed a novel approach, based on a particle swarm optimization algorithm, for using such a photonic crystal concept to design a semiconductor nanowire-based two-dimensional diffraction grating able to guarantee an in-plane coupling for light trapping. The method takes into account the experimental constraints associated to the bottom-up growth of nanowire arrays, by processing as input dataset all relevant geometrical and morphological features of the array, and returns as output the optimised set of parameters according to the desired electromagnetic functionality of the metamaterial. A case of study based on an array of tapered GaAs-AlGaAs core–shell nanowire heterostructures is discussed.
Coherence of absolute integral closures
Authors: Patankar Shravan
Published: March 2022

We prove that the absolute integral closure

R

+

R^{+}

of an equicharacteristic zero noetherian complete local domain

R
R

is not coherent, provided

dim
⁡
(
R
)
≥
2

\dim (R)\geq 2

. As a corollary, we give an elementary proof of the mixed characteristic version of the result due to Asgharzadeh and extend it to dimension 

3
3

.
Conformal images of Carleson curves
Authors: Bishop Christopher
Published: March 2022

We show that if

γ
\gamma

is a curve in the unit disk, then arclength on

γ
\gamma

is a Carleson measure iff the image of

γ
\gamma

has finite length under every conformal map of the disk onto a bounded domain with a rectifiable boundary.
Comparison of Hydration Index, Percent Hydration, and Trans-Epidermal Water Loss Measurements for Dermal Exposure and Risk Assessment
Authors: Sahmel J , Ramachandran G
Published: March 2022

Skin hydration and the barrier properties of the stratum corneum have been reported to be influential factors in the potential for retention of solid and semi-solid substances on the skin surface. The measurement of these characteristics of the skin, however, remains relatively uncommon in exposure assessments performed by industrial or occupational hygienists, even when the focus of the assessment is exposure to the skin. This study provides measurements of skin hydration using multiple instruments and multiple relevant skin site locations for comparative analysis. Three different measurement metrics, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration index (HI), and percent hydration, were measured for 25 healthy volunteers at two different body locations for comparison: the center of the volar forearm, as previously recommended for interindividual comparison of hydration and barrier property measurements, and also the palmar tip of the index finger. The purpose of the comparative measurements was to allow for comparison between other published baseline volar forearm measurements and the palmar skin, which has not often been quantitatively assessed and reported in the literature, but is a relevant skin surface for sampling of the hands. This comparison will allow for consideration of the potential influence of palmar wipe sampling protocols on TEWL or skin hydration, and for the evaluation of the influence of skin hydration and TEWL on measured dermal transfer values. Collectively, the skin hydration levels and barrier properties at these two different measurement locations were found to be statistically significantly different, and as a result it is suggested that they be measured and recorded separately. Both measurement types and locations are likely to be important for the purposes of establishing skin hydration and health. Volar forearm measurements can also be important for understanding the underlying condition and barrier function of the skin, and palmar index finger measurements are necessary to understand the influence of both TEWL and skin hydration on quantitative dermal loading and transfer of solids and semi-volatile materials.
Movement of the Syringe During Filler Aspiration: An Ultrasound Study
Authors: Lin Frank , Goodman Greg J , Magnusson Mark , Callan Peter , Roberts Stefania , Hart Sarah , Rahman Eqram , McDonald Cara B , Liew Steven , Porter Cath , Corduff Niamh , Clague Michael
Published: March 2022

Background

Aspiration prior to hyaluronic acid filler injection is often taught as a safety maneuver to minimize the risk of intravascular injection; however, the validity of this technique in aesthetic practice is being increasingly challenged. One key assumption underpinning the validity of the aspiration test is that the needle tip does not move during the aspiration and subsequent injection of filler.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to visualize and measure needle tip movement in real time during aspiration and injection of filler. Secondary objectives were to assess the impact of injector experience and double-handed versus single-handed aspiration technique in maintaining stability of the syringe.

Methods

Under real-time ultrasound visualization, 3 injectors with different levels of experience injected hyaluronic acid filler into pork belly tissue utilizing both double-handed and single-handed aspiration techniques. Needle tip movements were recorded and measured by means of ultrasound and video.

Results

The aspiration maneuver is in all cases associated with retrograde movement of the needle tip, ranging from 1.1 to 5.3 mm (mean, 2.9 mm), whereas injection leads to anterograde movement ranging from 0.6 to 4.1 mm (mean, 1.9 mm). Double-handed aspiration is associated with less needle tip movement than single-handed aspiration (P = 0.037). Greater experience is also associated less movement of the needle tip (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

In all cases, the aspiration and injecting maneuver is associated with micromovements of the needle tip, of a magnitude consistently significant relative to the typical size of facial vessels. Although needle tip movement is only a single factor limiting the usefulness of the aspiration test, the results of this study suggest that it is not advisable to rely only on aspiration as a method to prevent intravascular injection.
Local Infiltration of Tranexamic Acid During Facelift Improves Operating Room Efficiency: A Matched Patient Study
Authors: Coombs Demetrius M , Kwiecien Grzegorz J , Sinclair Nicholas R , Jin Alison , Zins James E
Published: March 2022

Background

Tranexamic acid (TXA) has rapidly gained popularity in aesthetic surgery. Previous reports have suggested that TXA provides a dry surgical field and significantly reduces operating time during facelift surgery.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to build upon earlier findings by providing a large cohort matched alongside historic controls and more clearly document time saved when performing facelift surgery.

Methods

A retrospective, single-surgeon case-control study was undertaken between July 2016 and October 2021. All patients underwent facelift surgery alone or in combination with fat transfer and perioral chemical peel. All patients received subcutaneous infiltration of 0.5% lidocaine/1:200,000 epinephrine with or without 1 or 2 mg/mL TXA. Patient demographics, TXA dose, surgical time, and minor and major complications were examined.

Results

In total 145 consecutive patients were identified: 73 in Group 1 (no-TXA) and 72 in Group 2 (TXA). No differences in terms of gender distribution (P = 0.75), age (P = 0.54), BMI (P = 0.18), frequency of secondary rhytidectomy (P = 0.08), rate of ancillary lipografting (P = 0.44), TXA dose (P = 0.238), and minor complication rate (P = 0.56) were observed. However, mean surgical time in the no-TXA group was 21 minutes longer than in the TXA group (P = 0.016). Six patients (8%) in the no-TXA group experienced minor complications vs 8 patients (11%) in the TXA group. No patients experienced major complications.

Conclusions

Although previous studies have highlighted the potential benefits of TXA in aesthetic surgery, most of the data remain subjective and non-validated. This report adds to the objective body of evidence supporting TXA in facial aesthetic surgery by documenting time saved in the operating room without additional surgical morbidity.

Level of Evidence: 4