bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O conceito de comunidade científica em Robert King Merton e em Thomas Samuel Kuhn e suas implicações para a educação científica e tecnológica
Authors: Debatin Maurici Lucas Alexandre , Dietrich Ademir
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem por finalidade relacionar os conceitos de “comunidade científica” que possui papel central nas obras de Robert King Merton e Thomas Samuel Kuhn, e tecer algumas contribuições para a superação de concepções ingênuas sobre a atividade científica e tecnológica na Educação Científica e Tecnológica. Os teóricos citados são contemporâneos e mantiveram um diálogo no mundo acadêmico norte-americano, porém suas abordagens do termo “comunidade científica” apresentam especificidades. Enquanto Merton enfatiza a integração da comunidade científica por meio de valores institucionais, Kuhn defende a integração dos cientistas através de normas cognitivas compartilhadas. O artigo apresenta um breve panorama do corpo teórico de ambos os autores, suas aproximações e distanciamentos.
Impact of Education Tourism on Bahrain’s Economic Growth: A Perspective
Authors: Nekhili Ramzi , Darwish Saad , Abdeldayem Marwan Mohamed
Published: June 2019

The existence of international students makes an investigation of the impact on a country’s economy topical. Despite the complexity of measuring the economic impact of education tourism, many countries have conducted analyses to justify that international higher education students have a positive impact on the public economy. In the Gulf States, efforts to reform and modernize higher education to create knowledge-based societies are ongoing. Member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) share a regional vision to make the Arab Gulf a hub for a world-class education. Arab higher education systems that were long characterized by mass production of graduates and incremental support from the state are now shifting to new Western models of higher education. Several factors, including the development of the knowledge economy, massive access to higher education and increasing higher education differentiation are contributing to this push. To achieve this vision, the Gulf States have adopted the Western research university model by hosting international branch campuses (IBCs) in the region. GCC governments have also embraced study abroad scholarship programs that sponsor large numbers of Gulf nationals to study in Western universities.
How Government Surveillance Policies Modify SNS Use in South Korea
Authors: Kim Tonghoon , Atkin David J.
Published: June 2019

The present study examines the assumption that online users would be influenced by widely reported privacy threats; namely, that public servants might monitor personal online communications between instant messenger users, and compel the Korean domestic social network service (SNS) providers to cooperate with their surveillance efforts. Utilizing uses and gratifications (U&G) theory, we integrate previous research on government surveillance, privacy concern, and motivation variables regarding SNS use. A survey of South Korean users reveals that privacy concern is mediating the relationship between governmental online surveillance and SNS switching intention. Structural equation modeling results suggest that SNS switching intention is predicted positively by interaction motivation and negatively by convenience motivation. Privacy concern mediates the relationship between governmental online surveillance and SNS switching intention. These findings illustrate the measures that users take in response to telecommunication policy actions, particularly those that might logically pose a threat to online privacy. Study findings thus help provide support for a novel theoretical framework that illustrates the utility of media U/G variables in the context of online privacy conceptions stemming from perceived threats of online government surveillance. We conclude by discussing implications for policymakers stemming from user remedies to circumvent state surveillance initiatives.
Role of Bank Characteristics in Determining the Effect of Non-financial Information Disclosure on Bank’s Value on Tobin’s Q Scale: An Applied Study on the Jordanian Commercial Banks
Authors: AL-Shatnawi Hasan M. , Al-Dalabih Firas A.N
Published: June 2019

This study aimed at determining the role of bank characteristics in determining the effect of non-financial information disclosure on values of Jordanian commercial banks on Tobin’s q scale. To achieve this goal, the study adopted the analytical descriptive research approach and analyzed the financial reports of the 13 Jordanian commercial banks listed on Amman Stock Exchange Market (ASEM) during the period 2014-2017. To test the hypotheses and achieve the study goal, the data were analyzed using simple linear regression analysis and hierarchical interaction regression analysis. Regression analysis revealed that all the studied commercial banks disclose the non-financial information according to the instructions of institutional governance of the banks. In addition, the analysis showed that there is a positive effect of non-financial disclosure on the values of banks on Tobin’s q scale. Moreover, the results uncovered that the interaction effects of non-financial information disclosure and each of the size, growth, and profitability of the bank foster the positive effects of the individual variables on the values of the banks on Tobin’s q scale. Meanwhile, the study found that the interaction effect of non-financial information disclosure and financial leverage does not affect the values of the banks on Tobin’s q scale.
CUA-AUA International Fellows Program: Chicago 2019
Authors: Ory Jesse
Published: June 2019

NA
Development and Validation of the Spiritual Impact Rating Scale for Women (SIRSW): A Tool for Assessing College Women's Spirituality
Authors: Ekwonye Angela U. , DeLauer Verna , Cahill Terrence F.
Published: June 2019

Spirituality impacts college student outcomes in the United States such as mental health, physical health, academic success, and healthy behaviors. Numerous studies consistently show gender differences on spirituality measures. The wealth of empirical evidence demonstrating gender differences in spirituality warranted the development of a tool for measuring college women's spirituality. The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the SIRSW, including its content validity, factorial structure, and internal consistency using a college women sample. A sample of 667 undergraduates (ages 18-26) at an all-women’s Catholic University in the upper Midwest completed the spirituality survey in Spring 2018. Demographic characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Demographic differences in spirituality score were assessed using t-test and one-way ANOVA. Psychometric characteristics of the SIRSW were assessed by evaluating variability, internal consistency reliability, and overall scale structure. There were no significant demographic differences in total spirituality score. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach alpha = 0.97). Item-scale coefficients were above the minimum criteria. Factor analysis revealed that the 16-items measuring spirituality fell under the one-factor component and accounted for 82% of the variance. The SIRSW was found to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing the spiritual well-being of college women. Understanding college women’s spirituality can inform the development of a spiritually oriented intervention that is consistent with their values enhancing their psychological, mental, and physical well-being.
Effect of Yoga Therapy on Low Back Pain Management Among Older Adults: Implications for Gerontology Counselling
Authors: Anyanwu Joy I. , Ngwoke Oliver Rotachukwu , Victor-Aigbodion Vera , Nnamani Ogechi , Nwefuru Bartholomew C.
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to determine the effect of yoga therapy in managing low back pain (LBP) among older adults.

METHOD: 40 participants who were having low back pain were assessed. All participants completed baseline evaluation before beginning the Yoga intervention and at 6, 12 and 18 weeks. Participants completed a questionnaire titled Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (ODQ). The statistical tool used for data analysis was within-and-between subjects ANOVA.

RESULTS: The finding showed no significant difference in the baseline assessment for LBP between the treatment group and the waitlisted control group, F(1,38) = 2.697, P=.000, η2 = .066. The posttest assessment at 6th week revealed a significant reduction of LBP among older adults in the yoga treatment group compared with those in the waitlisted control group, F(1,37) = 3209.376, P = .000, η2 = .989. The assessment at 12th week revealed significant reduction in LBP among older adult in the yoga treatment group compared with those in the waitlisted control group, F(1,36) = 2389.154, P = .000, η2 = .985. The assessment at 18th week further revealed a significant reduction in LBP among older adult in the yoga treatment group compared with those in the waitlisted control group, F(1,36) = 2775.162, P = .000, η2 = .987.

CONCLUSION: Yoga therapy is an effective intervention for managing low back pain among older adults. Thus, gerontology counsellors can provide help to older people with low back pain within the framework of Yoga therapy. Further studies are required to find out and corroborate the efficacy of Yoga Therapy in managing low back pain among older adults.
Emotional Self-Regulation as a Predictor of Self-Esteem and Academic Self-Efficacy of Children With Visual Impairment
Authors: Onuigbo Liziana N. , Anyanwu Joy I. , Adimora Ebere D. , Akaneme Immaculata N. , Oforka Theresa O. , Obiyo Ngozi O. , Ezenwaji Ifeyinwa O. , Enyi Chinwe , Aye Eucharia N. , Chigbu Baptista C. , Eze Uchenna N. , Ogbuabor Shulamite E.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Research on the predictive capacity of emotional self-regulation on self-esteem and academic self-efficacy among children with visual impairment is limited. The present study investigated the predictive capacity of emotional self-regulation on self-esteem and academic self-efficacy among children with visual impairment in South-east Nigeria.

METHOD: A predictive correlational research design was adopted for the study. The participants were 186 students with visual impairment in public schools in the study area. The data was obtained using the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES). We applied multiple stepwise linear regression analysis for data analysis.

RESULTS: Results show that ERQ reappraisal and ERQ suppression are independent predictors of RSES. The ESRQ combined scores significantly predicted RSES. The standardized coefficient for the predictive capacity of the ERQ on RSES was -.464 (p=.000). The ERQ total score in collaboration with gender also predicted RSES. The ERQ reappraisal alone was a significant predictor of ASES, but ERQ suppression alone was not. The ERQ combined score did not significantly predict ASES. The standardized coefficient for the predictive capacity of the ERQ total score on ASES was -.108 (p=.164). The ERQ total score together with age significantly predicted ASES. But ERQ total score with parent’s educational background did not significantly predict ASES.

CONCLUSION: Emotional self-regulation reappraisal and Emotional Self-regulation suppression as independent predictors consequently interact to lower the self-esteem and self-efficacy of children with visual impairment. It is pertinent to focus on and teach emotional self-regulation of students with visual impairment so as to boost their self-esteem and academic self-efficacy. This will help to reduce low self-esteem among the students with visual impairment and will also help to eliminate the negative emotional thoughts concomitant with disability.
Application of RBV Concepts in Implementing Strategy of Jordanian Higher Education
Authors: Alhawamdeh Zead M. , Alomyan Nayef Raji
Published: June 2019

This study chose Porter’s (1980) conceptualization of competitive strategy, since this conceptualization is academically well accepted and internally consistent (Dess and Davis, 1984). Porter (1980) identified two generic ways in which an organization can gain sustainable competitive advantage over other firms in the industry: ‘low cost’ and ‘differentiation’. A ‘low-cost’ strategy emphasizes the need to be the low-cost producer in the industry. A ‘differentiation’ strategy is based on creating and offering a product that is perceived industry-wide as unique
Alienation and Emotion: Hegel Versus Sentimentalism and Romanticism
Authors: TenHouten Warren D.
Published: June 2019

The structuralist and social-psychological perspectives on alienation are described, with attention to Seeman’s contention that the experience of alienation is based more on sentiment than on reason. The passions in early modernity are described, and the eighteenth-century moral sentimentalists Hume, Smith, and Kant are discussed. Romanticism is described as the first self-critique of modernity, as it opposed Enlightenment science, rationalism, and uniformitarianism; it is linked to interiorized emotionality and to diversitarianism. Romantic concepts of alienation include inhibition of natural sexuality, oppressive condition of work, and the loss of an imagined Golden Age before human alienation. Hegel’s Phenomenology outlines a four-stage mode of the undoing of social domination which has a narrative structure consistent with romantic story-telling, but was grounded not in romanticism but in Gnosticism and Lutheran dialectics. Hegel’s critique of sentimentalism and romantism is explored, with Hegel emerging as a dedicated anti-romantic who condemned the sophistry of Schlegel and Novalis’s ‘beautiful soul’, arguing that the self, to be viable, cannot remain encapsulated in inner subjectivity but must rather engage in emotion-laden confrontation with self-willed others in the social world; this requires a positive kind of alienation of the self from itself. Romantic effort to keep the self in itself as protection from the corrupted and corrupting social world was misguided. Hegel was right in asserting that the self is necessarily both subjective and objective, both inner and outer, but wrong in his contention that the self can progress by resolving inner contradictions, for the self, as the core of our personality, rather progresses through incorporating and elaborating contradictions, ambiguities, and polysemantic meanings.
Instrumenty wsparcia bezpośredniego dla rolnictwa po 2020 r.
Authors: Drabik Tomasz
Published: June 2019

The aim of this study is to present the instruments of direct support after 2020. The article presents the history of direct payments since their establishment in 1992 to today’s model of direct support that agricultural producers receive. The study also presents the position of the Polish Government regarding legislative proposals of the Common Agricultural Policy after 2020.
Protection of the Environment in Times of Non-international Armed Conflicts – a Gap to be Filled in
Authors: Kenig-Witkowska Maria Magdalena
Published: June 2019

Environmental protection in times of non-international armed conflicts is not subject to the sectoral or particular protection categories of environmental law and to date it has not been comprehensively regulated by international law. Except for generalities, it was also ignored in the 1992 Rio Declaration Principle 24 of which is not unambiguous in its expression. In fact, only the international humanitarian law of armed conflict contains norms which address the natural environment in times of armed conflicts. On the basis of a review of legal acts addressing the issues of environmental protection in times of non-international conflicts, negative conclusions de lege lata can be drawn as part of an attempt to answer the question whether international law ensures sufficient environmental protection in such circumstances. In the Author’s opinion, in international law there is a gap relating to the protection of the environment in times of non-international armed conflicts; the existing legal regulations which could be applied in these matters have a rudimentary characters.
On Selected Issues Concerning Foundation Law in Poland
Authors: Litwiniuk Edyta
Published: June 2019

This paper is an attempt to assess selected aspects of the state of foundation law in Poland in relation to the legal position that the Constitution of the Republic of Poland has granted them. The text analyses selected statutory solutions in the light of separable patterns for reviewing their compliance with constitutional principles and values. In the author’s opinion, the provisions of the Polish Foundations Act and the regulations concerning the financing of foundations violate the constitutional standards of the Republic of Poland. In particular, it has been found that foundation law contains many loopholes, the filling of which requires the use of complicated interpretation techniques, which makes it impossible to ensure that the institution of the foundation is being and will be used properly as an element of civil society in a modern democratic state. Moreover, the opinion was presented that the functioning of foundations is excessively influenced by executive bodies, run by active politicians. This concerns, first of all, the unclear principles of supervision over foundations’ activities, and excessive powers to issue the executive regulations included in the Foundations Act, as well as the principles of the allocation of funds towards grants by the National Freedom Institute, based on a disproportionate freedom of decision making. For these reasons, the author postulates the adjustment of the Polish statutory regulation, dating back to the period of the Polish People’s Republic, to the constitutional standards introduced by the Constitution of 1997 and enshrined in the case law of the Constitutional Tribunal.
Szczególne obowiązki umowne nabywcy nieruchomości z Zasobu Własności Rolnej Skarbu Państwa
Authors: Michałowski Rafał
Published: June 2019

The Act on Management of Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury contains a regulation on contractual obligations imposed on the purchaser of an agricultural property acquired from the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury. These obligations are not imposed on the purchaser by operation of law, however, there is a requirement that they have to be included, in certain cases of acquisition detailed in the provisions of the Act, in the content of the real estate sales agreement. The sales agreement has to stipulate that the purchaser is prohibited from selling the real estate for a period of 15 years from its acquisition; the purchaser is obliged to conduct agricultural activity on the purchased property; and that during this period, the purchaser may not encumber the property with any mortgage. Any violation of the aforementioned stipulations shall result in the purchaser’s obligation to pay an amount equal to 40% of the property’s sale price. In addition, the legislator has introduced the obligation to pay this amount in the event that the purchaser makes any false statement or representation as to the origin of the funds allocated to the purchase of the real estate. The provisions relating to the issues raised in the article cause a number of interpretative doubts as to their correct understanding. In particular, this applies to the legal nature of the obligation to pay an amount equal to 40% of the price of the purchased real estate property.
Znaczenie przesłanki „ciężkiego naruszenia podstawowych obowiązków” w rozwiązaniu stosunku pracy bez wypowiedzenia przez pracownika i pracodawcę
Authors: Skąpski Michał
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the problem of understanding of the notion of “serious breach of basic obligations” which is a premise of termination of labour contract without notice both for employer and employee. Because the the regulation is based on the same notion, in jurisprudence it is understood unanimously in most cases. The article contradicts this point of view and arguments, that the same notion “serious breach of basic obligations” should be interpreted in different ways for employer and employee. The reason is first of all the different meaning of guilt in breach of contract for employer and employee. While employee’s breach of contract must be faulted, in case of employer his guilt is not necessary. It means, that the employee is entitled to terminate the employment contract also in cases of non-culpable breach of contract by employer.
Absencje chorobowe i premie a zasada równego wynagradzania kobiet i mężczyzn
Authors: Torbus Urszula
Published: June 2019

Labour law provisions provide employers with a far reaching autonomy in constructing pay systems, including additional remuneration components, such as bonuses and rewards. In consequence, it is possible to not to grant the bonuses or to lower their amount in case of employee’s absence at work due to an illness. Such mechanisms aim to facilitate the management of sick leaves that often generate additional costs for employers. However, additional bonuses should not be reduced or not granted if the employee is absent from work due to an illness occuring during her pregnancy or during the care allowance to take care of a child or other sick family member. This would lead to a pay discrimination of women and to lowering the level of protection of pregnant women provided by Polish labour law.
The reasons for providing HIV testing in patients with newly-diagnosed HIV infection in Lodz region, Poland in the years 2009-2017
Authors: Wójcik-Cichy Kamila , Piekarska Anna , Jabłonowska Elżbieta
Published: June 2019

Early diagnosis increases life expectancy in HIV-infected patients.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the reasons for HIV testing in newly-diagnosed patients with HIV registered in Lodz, Poland in years 2009-2017. The study examines also whether HIV testing was performed following the recommendation of physicians or at the request of patients.
Results: The study group consisted of 401 (83.72%) males and 78 (16.28%) females. The median age at the moment of diagnosis was 33 years (LQ 27-UQ 40). In total, 285 (62.91%) patients were late presenters. Clinical indications constituted the main reason for undergoing HIV testing and were reported in 228 out of 479 patients (47.59%) including AIDS-defining diseases were a reason for HIV testing in 105 patients. Thirty-four patients underwent HIV testing following diagnosis of sexually-transmitted diseases (STDs); in 91.18% of these cases the STDs was syphilis. However, high-risk sexual contact was the main reason for HIV testing in asymptomatic patients (160 of 257 cases; 62.27%). Patients in the non-AIDS group were significantly more likely to take the initiative to order an HIV test than patients in the AIDS group (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: In conclusion, in the Lodz region, patients with HIV infection are most commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage of infection. This may be associated with the low number of HIV tests performed following the doctors recommendation.
O Tao na Medicina de Família e Comunidade: Relações entre Acupuntura e o Método Clínico Centrado na Pessoa
Authors: Dias dos Santos Aarão Carajás , Brandão Correia Isabel , Silva Rubens Cavalcanti
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: Compreender a extensão dos componentes do Método Clínico Centrado na Pessoa na prática da acupuntura a partir da percepção dos usuários. Métodos: Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa com grupo focal, buscou-se entender como a acupuntura faz a pessoa perceber suas experiências de saúde e doença; intensifica a percepção da pessoa enquanto ser integral; viabiliza a pessoa se sentir participante do processo de cuidado; auxilia na intensificação da relação médico-pessoa. Resultados: Emergiram temas que versavam sobre emancipação, autoconhecimento, integralidade, vínculos e afetos, que foram sistematizados nas categorias: A prática integrada do MCCP/MTC produzindo rizomas; Unidade mente-corpo no contexto do cuidado; Percepção de uma anatomia emocional e MCCP E MTC como reconfiguradoras do Circuito dos Afetos. Conclusões: O estudo reflete, a partir da percepção dos usuários, a utilização dos conhecimentos advindos de outras racionalidades para potencializar o cuidado realizado na Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Apresentação - 70 anos das operações de paz das Nações Unidas: balanços e perspectivas
Authors: Duarte Geraldine Marcelle Moreira Braga Rosas , Dos Santos Ricardo Oliveira
Published: June 2019

Apresentação
Cruz Report: conteúdo e críticas
Authors: Macedo Gustavo Carlos , Silveira Kaiutan Venerando Ruiz
Published: June 2019

O trabalho apresenta o contexto em que foi produzido e o conteúdo do relatório “Improving Security of United Nations Peacekeepers”, mais conhecido por Cruz Report. Em seguida, identificamos algumas das principais reações da comunidade de especialistas às recomendações deste documento que já é considerado um marco na história das reformas das operações de paz da ONU no século XXI.
Contrastes da Liderança Brasileira em Operações de Paz e Ações Humanitárias: um olhar a partir do Conselho de Defesa Sul-Americano
Authors: Viveiros Diana Cristina de Medeiros
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender a contribuição brasileira em operações de paz e ações humanitárias via organizações regionais, partindo do estudo do segundo eixo do Conselho de Defesa Sul-Americano, que trata de “Cooperação Militar, Ações Humanitárias e Operações de Paz”. Primeiramente foi realizada uma análise da contribuição brasileira em operações de paz e ações humanitárias, compreendendo que o padrão de liderança brasileira nessa área está voltado à cooperação em defesa. Em seguida, o estudo voltou-se para o debate que envolve a liderança brasileira na criação e na continuidade do CDS. Através de uma metodologia qualitativa associada à pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, considerando principalmente os dados disponibilizados nos planos de ação do CDS, verificou-se a tímida participação Brasileira nesse eixo contrasta com a liderança e o know-how brasileiro adquiridos principalmente a partir da Minustah.
A crise de 1873 na Província da Bahia: efeitos internacionais sobre a recessão doméstica
Authors: Vaz Sampaio Marcos Guedes
Published: June 2019

Este artigo busca analisar a crise econômica de 1873 que se abateu sobre a Província da Bahia, oriunda, a princípio, de uma praga nos canaviais, afetando a produção da cultura açucareira baiana, mas que se desenvolveu, também, dentro de um ambiente de instabilidade internacional, que ficou conhecido como a “Grande Depressão” do século XIX. Este período de recessão da economia mundial teve início no ano de 1873 e perdurou até 1896 abalando as principais nações do sistema internacional. Alvo de controvérsia no debate historiográfico em razão de não se constituir numa única crise, mas num período onde diversas crises ocorreram em diferentes países, a “Grande Depressão” reflete a instabilidade vivenciada pelo sistema internacional no último quartel do século XIX, em função da expansão do capitalismo de matriz liberal inglesa em um ambiente de acirramento da concorrência entre as nações que emergiam por meio da disseminação da industrialização. A conjunção de fatores internos e externos na análise da crise de 1873 na Província da Bahia reforça a compreensão de que o expansionismo sistêmico do capitalismo no transcurso do oitocentos penetrava cada vez mais nas diversas regiões do sistema mundial, resultando no aumento da influência de eventos internacionais nas dinâmicas domésticas.
PESQUISA NA SALA DE AULA
Authors: Santos Roberto Eustáaquio
Published: June 2019

Este artigo descreve uma oficina de projeto do curso noturno de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da EAUFMG, em que se experimenta uma pedagogia baseada na noção de pesquisa na sala de aula. Trata-se de estimular nos estudantes uma mentalidade investigativa a partir da mobilização de diversas ferramentas de projetação e, ao mesmo tempo, combater a atual tendência de reprodução acrítica do modelo de ensino definido pelas diretrizes curriculares, acirrada pela crescente mercantilização do ensino de arquitetura.
O CARÁTER PÚBLICO DAS ÁREAS LIVRES DA CASA DAS ONZE JANELAS E O FORTE DO CASTELO EM BELÉM, PARÁ
Authors: Moreira Juliana Vasconcelos , Lima José Júlio Ferreira
Published: June 2019

A Casa das Onze Janelas e Forte do Castelo (COJFC) localizam-se no núcleo inicial de Belém, PA, cujas edificações e espaços públicos receberam um projeto restaurativo e de requalificação urbana em 2002. O projeto criou espaços livres próximos a COJFC, e sua gestão os submete a regras específicas, como restrições de acesso e comportamento. O artigo objetiva analisar o caráter público desses espaços, com base na percepção dos usuários utilizando questionários. As regras são majoritariamente aceitas, mas tornam confusa a percepção dos usuários sobre o caráter público dos espaços.
FUNÇÕES DOS ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS NA CIDADE CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Viana Alice
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar, de forma sistematizada e sob a ótica do planejamento, as principais funções hoje atribuídas aos espaços públicos, tais como abrigar a circulação e o estacionamento de veículos, servir de local de manifestação das práticas de lazer passivo e ativo, e de local de realização de eventos. Busca-se discutir as características necessárias para que os espaços públicos possam sediar essas atividades e também evidenciar os principais conflitos que podem surgir da coexistência dessas funções ou da absorção de funções não previamente previstas.
Vertrauen oder Realitätskontakt? – Anmerkung zu den Urteilen des EuGH v. 19. März 2019, verb. Rs. C‑297/17, C‑318/17, C‑319/17 u. C‑438/17 (Ibrahim) und Rs. C-163/17 (Jawo)
Authors: Lübbe Anna
Published: June 2019

Mit Ibrahim und Jawo hatte der EuGH erneut über die Grenzen der Befugnis zu entscheiden, Asylsuchende auf andere Mitgliedstaaten zu verweisen. Erstmals waren auch andernorts bereits als international schutzberechtigt anerkannte Asylsuchende betroffen. In Frage stand insbes. die Überstellungsrelevanz der zielstaatlichen Verhältnisse nach Anerkennung. Die hat der EuGH bejaht, und dabei die Reichweite der Verantwortlichkeit des überstellenden Staates für zielstaatliche Folgen seines Verweisungshandelns konkretisiert. In der Begründung werden teilweise Unklarheiten aus der bisherigen Rechtsprechung fortgeführt. Der Frage, ob es im Hinblick auf die primärrechtliche Verpflichtung des Gemeinsamen Europäischen Asylsystems auf die Genfer Flüchtlingskonvention neben den menschenrechtlichen auch flüchtlingsrechtliche Verweisungsgrenzen zu beachten gibt, hat der EuGH sich nicht gestellt.
Siedlungsbedingter Finanzbedarf von Kommunen
Authors: Keilmann Ulrich , Gnädinger Marc , Weyell Heike
Published: June 2019

Die weitgehend exogen bestimmten siedlungstypischen Eigenschaften einzelner Städte und Gemeinden beeinflussen deren Finanz bedarf. Einschlägig sind die Anzahl der Ortsteile, die Fläche, die Einwohnerdichte, die Aufteilung der Fläche u.v.a.m. Diese spontan einleuchtende These beruhte bislang weitgehend auf anekdotischer Evidenz: Es ist bisher nicht gelungen, den Einfluss der Siedlungsstruktur auf die konkreten kommunalen Finanzbedarfe wissenschaftlich valide zu bestimmen. In Hessen wurde dazu nunmehr mit wissenschaftlicher Unterstützung ein Siedlungsindex entwickelt. Ausgehend von dieser Messgröße kann mit einheitlichen Geobasisdaten die unterschiedliche Siedlungsstruktur (von zentriert bis zersiedelt) definiert und sich daraus ergebende Mehrbedarfe einzelner Kommunen errechnet werden.
A educação de adultos na sociedade contemporânea: perfil de competências do educador
Authors: Oliveira Albertina Lima , Amaral Marco Antônio Franco
Published: June 2019

Os múltiplos desafios educativos e formativos de públicos adultos nas sociedades contemporâneas têm conduzido à necessidade, nos planos nacional e internacional, de mais reflexão e investigação em torno dos saberes e competências fundamentais dos profissionais da educação de adultos, de modo a potenciar uma atuação responsável e a prestação de serviços de qualidade. Neste âmbito, ouvir a voz dos que mais se têm dedicado à reflexão teórica e política, bem como a dos agentes que no terreno têm construído saber de experiência feito, reveste-se de grande importância. Este estudo pretende identificar as competências-chave do educador de adultos na sociedade contemporânea e contribuir para enriquecer o debate nacional internacional sobre o tema. De modo a cruzar pluralidades de olhares, levamos a efeito um estudo Delphi que integrou um painel de 14 especialistas do meio acadêmico e agentes do terreno com experiência substancial de trabalho com públicos adultos. Após a realização de 4 voltas foi possível chegar a um consenso significativo. A análise das competências propostas conduziu aos 7 seguintes clusters: ética; mobilização e valorização da experiência de vida; facilitação da aprendizagem; métodos e técnicas de educação, formação e aprendizagem; planejamento, gestão e avaliação do processo formativo; autodesenvolvimento; e ligação à comunidade. O conjunto das competências reportadas inscrevem-se maioritariamente em posicionamentos teóricos humanistas, reflexivos e críticos.
Uma nova abordagem da Teoria da Aprendizagem Desenvolvimental
Authors: Puentes Roberto Valdés
Published: June 2019

O artigo oferece uma nova abordagem da teoria psicológica e didática concebida no período soviético com o termo “Развивающее обучение” e que tradicionalmente tem sido traduzida no ocidente como “Developmental Teaching”, “Enseñanza desarrollante” ou “Ensino desenvolvimental”. O texto comprova, a partir de fontes originais, em primeiro lugar, que, diferentemente de “teaching”, “enseñanza” e “ensino”, a tradução mais adequada na perspectiva desenvolvimental para o termo russo “обучение” (obutchenie) é aprendizagem. Em segundo lugar, que a questão é muito mais grave porque não se trata apenas de um problema de tradução, mas de compreensão dos fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da concepção desenvolvimental que tem levado a ignorar que a atividade psíquica, que é o conteúdo dessa concepção, não pode ser ensinada, mas aprendida pelo próprio aluno quando emerge como sujeito em um tipo específico de atividade de estudo que fomenta a aprendizagem desenvolvimental colaborativa e autônoma.  O artigo muda o modo atual de entender os tipos de aprendizagem existentes, a função da Didática, bem como o papel do professor e dos alunos no interior dessa teoria.
Avaliação do efluente final de um aterro sanitário utilizando análise multivariada
Authors: Bittar Bruno Dalledone , Baum Camila Angélica , Lavnitcki Lais , Becegato Valter Antonio , Toniazzo Fabiane , Becegato Vitor Rodolfo
Published: June 2019

O chorume gerado pela decomposição dos resíduos em aterros sanitários é um dos maiores impactos negativos produzidos por esse tipo de empreendimento, e tem sido objeto de diversos estudos que visam o conhecimento das características e comportamento desse efluente, permitindo o desenvolvimento de ações que atenuem o impacto do mesmo no ambiente. A fim de verificar os parâmetros físico-químicos que mais influenciam na caracterização do efluente final, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar e interpretar os parâmetros físicos, químicos e biológicos do efluente final do sistema de tratamento de efluentes do aterro sanitário de Lages utilizando abordagens estatísticas multivariadas - Análise Fatorial (AF) e a Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). Os dados são oriundos das análises do chorume realizadas no período de outubro de 2015 e setembro de 2016. Verificou-se que os quatro primeiros fatores explicam aproximadamente 69% da variabilidade dos dados. A CP 1 explicou 25,93% da variabilidade, cujos elementos mais expressivos foram tolueno, ferro dissolvido, DBO, DQO, OD e Cd, já a CP 2 explica 17,67% da variância total dos dados e variáveis mais expressivas foram CN-, Cu dissolvido e Cr6. A utilização de análise estatística multivariada mostra-se eficaz, sendo ideal para análises de grandes conjuntos de dados e apresentação dos resultados.
Potencial de produção de biogás a partir da Co-digestão de dejetos da suinocultura e bovinocultura
Authors: Matinc Caroliny , Tonetto Jaqueline Fernandes , Hasan Camila , Konrad Odorico
Published: June 2019

Os dejetos produzidos pela criação de animais em confinamento, quando não tratados adequadamente, podem causar impactos ambientais. A digestão anaeróbia é uma tecnologia para o tratamento destes efluentes, que converte matéria orgânica em biogás, um gás combustível que pode ser aproveitado energeticamente. A produção de biogás está relacionada com as características da biomassa e com a quantidade de carga orgânica a ser digerida no sistema. Pode-se aumentar a concentração orgânica a partir da co-digestão anaeróbia, mesclando diferentes tipos de biomassa em um mesmo sistema de biodigestão. Este estudo constatou que a co-digestão dos dejetos da suinocultura e da bovinocultura potencializa a produção do biogás e a concentração de metano, em relação a digestão isolada destes substratos. A co-digestão da amostra composta por 75% de dejetos da suinocultura e 25% da bovinocultura, apresentou o maior potencial de produção do biogás e presença de metano, com 551 LN biogás.kg SV-1 e 445 LN metano.kg SV-1. A digestão dos dejetos da bovinocultura apresentou maior produção de biogás (490 LN biogás kgSV-1) comparada a digestão dos dejetos da suinocultura (422 LN biogás kgSV-1).
Wikidata
Authors: Van Veen Theo
Published: June 2019

Library catalogues may be connected to the linked data cloud through various types of thesauri. For name authority thesauri in particular I would like to suggest a fundamental break with the current distributed linked data paradigm: to make a transition from a multitude of different identifiers to using a single, universal identifier for all relevant named entities, in the form of the Wikidata identifier. Wikidata (https://wikidata.org) seems to be evolving into a major authority hub that is lowering barriers to access the web of data for everyone. Using the Wikidata identifier of notable entities as a common identifier for connecting resources has significant benefits compared to traversing the ever-growing linked data cloud. When the use of Wikidata reaches a critical mass, for some institutions, Wikidata could even serve as an authority control mechanism.
“Good Night, Good Day, Good Luck”
Authors: Ozeran Megan , Martin Piper
Published: June 2019

This article presents the results of a pilot project that tested the application of algorithmic topic modeling to chat reference conversations. The outcomes for this project included determining if this method could be used to identify the most common chat topics in a semester and whether these topics could inform library services beyond chat reference training. After reviewing the literature, four topic modeling algorithms were successfully implemented using Python code: (1) LDA, (2) phrase-LDA, (3) DMM, and (4) NMF. Analysis of the top ten topics from each algorithm indicated that LDA, phrase-LDA, and NMF show the most promise for future analysis on larger sets of data (from three or more semesters) and for examining different facets of the data (fall versus spring semester, different time of day, just the patron side of the conversation).
Characterisation and applications of $\Bbbk$-split bimodules
Authors: Mazorchuk Volodymyr , Miemietz Vanessa , Zhang Xiaoting
Published: June 2019

We describe the structure of bimodules (over finite dimensional algebras) which have the property that the functor of tensoring with such a bimodule sends any module to a projective module. The main result is that all such bimodules are $\Bbbk $-split in the sense that they factor (inside the tensor category of bimodules) over $\Bbbk $-vector spaces. As one application, we show that any simple $2$-category has a faithful $2$-representation inside the $2$-category of $\Bbbk $-split bimodules. As another application, we classify simple transitive $2$-representations of the $2$-category of projective bimodules over the algebra $\Bbbk [x,y]/(x^2,y^2,xy)$.
The K-inductive structure of the noncommutative Fourier transform
Authors: Walters Samuel G.
Published: June 2019

The noncommutative Fourier transform $\sigma (U)=V^{-1}$, $\sigma (V)=U$ of the irrational rotation C*-algebra $A_\theta $ (generated by canonical unitaries $U$, $V$ satisfying $VU = e^{2\pi i\theta } UV$) is shown to have the following K-inductive structure (for a concrete class of irrational parameters, containing dense $G_\delta $'s). There are approximately central matrix projections $e_1$, $e_2$, $f$ that are σ-invariant and which form a partition of unity in $K_0$ of the fixed-point orbifold $A_\theta ^\sigma $, where $f$ has the form $f = g+\sigma (g) +\sigma ^2(g)+\sigma ^3(g)$, and where $g$ is an approximately central matrix projection as well.
The Imagination of Interconnection: Laudato Si’ and Celtic Christian Spirituality
Authors: Vaughan Kevin
Published: June 2019

This article brings Pope Francis’s encyclical on the environment, Laudato Si’: On Care for Our Common Home, into conversation with the modern spiritual movement of Celtic Christian spirituality, arguing that its contribution to Francis’ concept of an “integral ecology lived out joyfully and authentically” is its placing the imagination at the heart of interconnectivity. The paper will begin with a description of Francis’ concept of integral ecology, outlining its biblical foundations and spiritual import. Then it will introduce the recent movement in ‘Celtic’ Christian spirituality, arguing how, despite strong criticisms from Celtic scholars, it remains an important and influential spiritual movement that speaks to the concerns, aspirations, and insights of many people within contemporary Christian culture. One of those insights is in the role of the imagination in understanding humanity’s relation to its environment, which will be explored through the movement’s engagement with Alexander Carmichael’s Carmina Gadelica. And finally, the article will conclude with how the emphasis on the imagination links to contemporary understandings of the religious imagination and how its liberating and concretizing function can serve as a psychological and theological precondition for the incarnational principle of social justice as found in Oscar Romero’s address, “The Political Dimension of the Faith from the Perspective of the Option for the Poor.”
A rotulagem de alimentos e o direito fundamental à informação dos consumidores: uma análise sob a ótica da criação industrializada de animais
Authors: Sartori Paola Mondardo , Sarlet Ingo Wolfgang
Published: June 2019

Ao longo das décadas, tornou-se nítida a crescente percepção do ser humano no que tange à necessidade real de proteger as demais espécies que habitam o nosso planeta. Com a implantação dessa nova consciência ambiental e a recente assimilação de que os animais possuem a capacidade de sentir, passou-se a questionar práticas abusivas utilizadas na criação destes animais no âmbito da indústria alimentícia. Tal questionamento levou o consumidor a desejar consumir produtos que não se coadunam com referidas práticas o que fez emergir a problemática que se pretende discutir no presente trabalho: o fornecedor de alimentos que utilizam animais como insumo para os seus produtos tem o dever de informar ao consumidor o modo com que tais animais foram criados? O direito a tal informação seria considerado expressão de um direito fundamental dos consumidores?
Égalité et liberté chez Alexis de Tocqueville
Authors: Morand-Deviller Jacqueline
Published: June 2019

L’article, concentré sur l’ouvrage « De la démocratie en Amérique» d’Alexis de Tocqueville, se consacre à présenter l’essentiel de sa démonstration qui, à partir de son observation de l’organisation politique et sociale des Etats Unis, dresse un diagnostic: l’irrésistibilité de l’avènement de la démocratie et de l’égalité en établissant un bilan des avantages et des risques de cette promotion, puis présente les remèdes à apporter pour que les menaces ne se réalisent pas et que coexistent harmonieusement égalité et liberté.
Sumário Bilingue
Authors: Table of Contents Bilingual'
Published: June 2019

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Efficacy of Combined Crude Extract of Curcuma longa and Moringa oleifera in the Prevention of Peptic Ulcer in Albino Rats
Authors: Airaodion Augustine I. , Adekale Olukunle A. , Airaodion Edith O. , Ogbuagu Emmanuel O. , Ogbuagu Uloaku , Osemwowa Etinosa U.
Published: June 2019

Aim: This study is aimed at investigating the prophylactic efficacy of combined extract of Curcuma longa and Moringa oleifera leaf against indomethacin–induced ulcer in albino rats.

Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Ibadan Nigeria between November 2017 and January, 2018.

Methods: Fifty (50) healthy male albino rats with body weights between 150 and 200 g were used for this study. They were randomly divided into ten groups of five rats each. Group I was administered omeprazole for seven days, group II was administered Moringa oleifera leaf solution for seven days, group III was administered Curcuma longa solution for seven days, group IV was administered Curcuma longa + Moringa oleifera leaf solution for seven days and group V was administered distilled water for seven days. This group served as the control group. Groups VI, VII, VIII, IX and X were treated similarly as groups I, II, III, IV and V respectively but were treated for fourteen days. At the end of the administration, the animals were fasted for 18 hours and 50 mg/kg of indomethacin was administered orally (p.o) to the rats. After 8 hours of indomethacin administration, the animals were anesthetized by chloroform anesthesia and sacrificed and the stomach removed and opened along the greater curvature, rinsed with copious volume of normal saline and pinned on a board to expose the stomach clearly.

Results: Animals treated with combined extracts of Curcuma longa + Moringa oleifera leaf showed significantly increased ulcer inhibition (71.64%, 75.57%) when compared with those of Curcuma longa (44.10%, 46.53%) and Moringa oleifera leaf (53.43%, 57.58) respectively but showed no significant difference when compared with that of omeprazole (72.60%, 74.29%), the reference drug after 7 and 14 days pre-treatment respectively.

Conclusion: The combined extract has a greater prophylactic efficacy against indomethacin-induced ulcer than individual extracts and gave similar result as omeprazole. The combined extract of Curcuma longa + Moringa oleifera leaf could be used as a prophylaxis against peptic ulcer disease.
Comparative Study on Dpph Free Radical Scavenging Activity of 25 Kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants
Authors: Pei-Xia LI , Dong-Hao HE , Meng-Yu GONG , Yuan-Feng Shun , Meng-Lin LI , Yi Huang
Published: June 2019

Aims: To determine and compare the antioxidant activity of water and ethanol extract of 25 kinds of traditional chinese medicinal plants.

Results: The ethanol extract of 4 kinds of medicinal herbs had the strongest scavenging activity. They were Magnolia officinalis, Rheum officinale, Psoralea corylifolia and Radix Bupleuri. In addtion, Rheum laciniatum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Magnolia officinalis and Salvia miltiorrhiza had the strongest scavenging activity of their water extract. On the basis of the above comparison, we evaluated EC50 and total phenolic content of their ethanol extract. The EC50 of  Magnolia officinalis, Rheum officinale, Psoralea corylifolia and Radix Bupleuri were 2.75mg·mL-1, 11.82mg·mL-1, 25.22mg·mL-1and 42.67mg·mL-1. The total phenlic content of them were 4.80μg·L-1 , 1.19μg·L-1, 1.07μg·L-1 and 0.75μg·L-1, respectively.

Conclusion: The results showed the correlation between the antioxidant activity and the total phenol content. Furthermore, the reaction time of the DPPH test affected the free radical scavenging, which reflected the difference of the extract component would impact the test method.