bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adab Seorang Guru Dalam Perspektif Hadits Rasulullah SAW
Authors: Afif Tansri Riziq Hilman , Hamdan Muhammad , Munthe Hasanuddin , Pulungan Juli Julaiha
Published: October 2024

Guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam proses pembelajaran di lembaga pendidikan. Mereka tidak hanya menjadi pengajar, tetapi juga menjadi panutan bagi siswa. Guru menggunakan metode pembelajaran tertentu untuk memastikan siswa dapat memahami materi yang diajarkan. Sebagai seorang guru PAI, mereka memiliki tugas dan kewajiban yang harus dilakukan, antara lain mendidik, mengarahkan, memberikan contoh dan teladan, memberikan nasehat, memberikan teguran, membimbing, dan memberikan motivasi kepada siswa. Semua peran ini sangat penting dalam membantu siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dan perkembangan mereka. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan atau metode tertentu. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan atau library study. Metode ini melibatkan pengumpulan data dari berbagai sumber kepustakaan seperti buku, ensiklopedia, jurnal ilmiah, surat kabar, majalah, dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan, yang melibatkan pengumpulan data dan sumber penelitian melalui buku, jurnal, majalah, surat kabar, dan lain sebagainya. Selanjutnya, analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi. Metode ini melibatkan pembahasan menyeluruh terhadap isi informasi tertulis atau cetak di media massa. Maka hail penelitian ini didapatkan Untuk membangun adab guru yang baik, ada beberapa saran yang dapat diimplementasikan. Pertama, guru sebaiknya selalu menjaga sikap positif, bahkan dalam situasi yang sulit. Sikap positif ini akan menciptakan suasana yang kondusif untuk belajar dan membantu siswa merasa diterima dan didukung. Selanjutnya, guru juga perlu berinteraksi dengan empati terhadap kebutuhan dan perasaan siswa. Guru yang empatik akan lebih baik memahami tantangan dan kebutuhan individual siswa. Selain itu, guru juga harus adil dan konsisten dalam memberikan perhatian, penilaian, dan bimbingan kepada setiap siswa. Keadilan dan konsistensi dalam pendekatan akan membentuk harapan yang jelas bagi siswa. Guru juga perlu mendorong keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran dengan mendorong partisipasi aktif siswa dalam diskusi, proyek, atau kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Hal ini akan membangun hubungan yang lebih kuat antara guru dan siswa. Selanjutnya, guru juga perlu memberikan umpan balik yang konstruktif untuk membantu perkembangan siswa. Umpan balik ini haruslah bermakna dan dipahami bahwa koreksi yang diberikan bersifat pembinaan dan tidak bersifat menghakimi. Terakhir, guru perlu terus mengembangkan diri melalui pelatihan dan pembelajaran mandiri. Dengan memperbarui pengetahuan dan keterampilan.
Pengaruh Layanan Bimbingan Klasikal dengan Teknik Diskusi dalam Mengurangi Perilaku Bullying di MTs Negeri 1 Cirebon
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Ibnudin Ibnudin , Masruroh Latifatul
Published: October 2024

Bullying adalah perilaku yang tidak menyenangkan yang dapat merugikan baik fisik maupun mentalnya, bullying  yang dilakukan oleh siswa dapat mengakibatkan dampak yang sangat buruk terutama korban perilaku bullying, harus adanya upaya guru bimbingan dan konseling dalam menangani hal tersebut, agar dapat mencetak generasi anak didik yang sehat baik secara akademis maupun mentalnya. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan populasi siswa MTs Negeri 1 Cirebon dan sampelnya adalah kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Cirebon. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan melakukan wawancara, observasi dan angket, dengan menggunakan pretest dan posttest sebagai instrumen atau alat ukur yang selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan one sample t test. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah potensi perilaku bullying dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk faktor individu, faktor keluarga, dan faktor lingkungan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa layanan bimbingan klasikal dengan teknik diskusi tidak menghasilkan perubahan pada potensi perilaku bullying. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada faktor-faktor lain yang perlu dipertimbangkan untuk mengurangi potensi perilaku bullying.  Berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest siswa MTS Negeri 1 Cirebon menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pretest dan posttest layanan bimbingan klasikal dengan teknik diskusi dalam mengurangi perilaku bullying di MTS Negeri 1 Cirebon.
Teknik Konseling Kelompok Dengan Pendekatan Person Centered Therapy Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Korban Kekerasan Seksual
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Karneli Yeni , Netrawati Netrawati
Published: October 2024

Kasus kekerasan seksual di Indonesia terus mengalami peningkatan disetiap tahunnya. Korban dari kekerasan seksual bukan hanya orang dewasa saja melainkan juga dari anak-anak yang masih dibawah umur. Hal tersebut cukup menarik perhatian untuk ditangani mengingat dampak negatif  yang akan dirasakan oleh para korban seperti rasa takut, menurunnya rasa percaya diri, menurunnya kualitas hidup bahkan sampai trauma yang mendalam yang dirasakan oleh korban. Berdasarkan kasus kekerasan seksual yang terjadi tersebut tentunya terdapat faktor penyebab mengapa kekerasan seksual tersebut bisa terjadi, biasanya faktor penyebab datang dari dalam diri individu itu sendiri dan dari luar individu itu sendiri.  Oleh karena itu, sangat diperlukan pendampingan dan penanganan yang baik bagi korban kekerasan seksual. Penangan tersebut dapat dilakukan oleh konselor dengan teknik konseling kelompok dengan menggunakan pendekatan Person Centered Therapy. Mengingat pendekatan Person Centered Therapy merupakan pendekatan yang menenkankan pemahaman klien terhadap dirinya sendiri. Pelaksanaan konseling kelompok yang dilakukan oleh konselor diharapkan mampu untuk membantu korban kekerasan seksual yang mengalami penurunan kualitas hidup dengan menggunakan pendekatan Person Centered Therapy, maka dari itu korban diharapkan  mampu meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya di masa yang akan datang dan mampu  menjalani kehidupan yang efektif sehari-hari tanpa adanya rasa takut didalam dirinya.
Systematic Literature Review: Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Dengan Pendekatan Person Centered Untuk Mencegah Kekerasan Seksual Pada Remaja Perempuan
Authors: Mulia Fika Dwi , Karneli Yeni , Netrawati Netrawati
Published: October 2024

Kekerasan ialah suatu bentuk perilaku kejahatan yang dilakukan kepada orang lain. Kekerasan dapat terjadi pada berbagai kalangan dan tidak memandang usia maupun jenis kelamin. Fenomena yang hingga saat ini kerap terjadi ialah kekerasan seksual yang terjadi kepada wanita. Fenomena kekerasan seksual akhir-akhir ini menjadi isu yang menonjol. Berdasarkan data pengaduan Komnas Perempuan sepanjang tahun 2022 menunjukkan kekerasan seksual sebagai bentuk kekerasan terhadap perempuan yang dominan (2.228 kasus/38.21%) diikuti kekerasan psikis (2.083 kasus/35,72%). Namun perlu adanya upaya pencegahan terjadinya kasus kekerasan seksual pada remaja perempuan, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor dan upaya pencegahan kekerasan seksual pada remaja perempuan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi literatur. Studi literatur adalah suatu metode pengumpulan data untuk mengungkap berbagai teori yang berkaitan dengan pertanyaan yang sedang diteliti, dari berbagai buku, artikel ilmiah, dan sumber lain yang dianggap relevan dengan subjek atau objek penelitian. Berbagai artikel yangberikaitan dengan kekerasan seksula pada remaja perempuan dari berbagai jurnal yang telah dipublikasi di Google Scholar dari tahun 2019-2023.
Trauma Pada korban Kekerasan Seksual Dengan Pendekatan Person Centered
Authors: Afriani Anisa , Karneli Yeni , Netrawati Netrawati
Published: October 2024

Kasus pelecehan seksual sudah tidak biasa lagi dipandang sebagai kasus yang biasa saja, yang bukan hanya marak di perkotaan namun juga didaerah perdalaman, merupakan salah satu penyebab seseorang terkena trauma yang dapat mengganggu kesejahteraan hidup seseorang. Dengan ini diadakan nyalah sebuah konseling kelompok yang dimana dapat membantu korban dalam menyelesaikan trauma tersebut. Berdasarkan kasus yang terjadi di indonesia bahwa ditemukannya kekerasan seksual yang terjadi pada anak-anak yang berada pada lingkungan masyarakat maupun di lingkungan sekolah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kekerasan seksual adalah banyaknya pelaku disekitar korban bahkan orang yang dikenal korban sehingga kekerasan seksual bisa terjadi dimana saja, selanjutnya juga faktor yang mempengaruhi timbulnya kekerasan seksual adalah karena anak-anak dianggap steril sehingga anak-anak rentan menjadi korban kekerasan seksual karna hal tersebut timbullah trauma pada diri korban karena kejadian yang menimpa korban. Pelaksanann konseling yang dilakukan terhadap korban kekerasan seksual adalah pertama konselor melakukan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan Person Centred.
Efektivitas Konseling Kelompok Dengan Teknik Modeling Untuk Meningkatkan Social Concern Komunitas Generasi Cahaya Pintar
Authors: Marianti Lena , Rasmanah Manah , Ramadhan Muhammad Vikry
Published: October 2024

Social Concern (kepedulian sosial) adalah sebuah karakter atau perilaku yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap individu berupa kemauan untuk melakukan tindakan bukan hanya sekedar pemikiran dan perasaan, mampu memahami kondisi yang terjadi pada orang lain dan dapat memberikan respon cepat terhadap mereka. Namun, pada komunitas Generasi Cahaya Pintar terdapat beberapa mahasiswa yang memiliki tingkat social concern yang kurang dikarenakan faktor internal dan eksternal. Sehingga, perlu adanya upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk dapat meningkatkan social concern tersebut menjadi lebih baik yakni dengan menggunakan sebuah layanan dalam bimbingan dan konseling yaitu konseling kelompok dan dikolaborasikan dengan salah satu teknik konseling yaitu teknik modeling. Dari fenomena diatas maka akan melaksanakan penelitian yang berjudul “Efektivitas Konseling Kelompok Dengan Teknik Modeling Untuk Meningkatkan Social Concern Komunitas Generasi Cahaya Pintar”. Adapun tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat social concern komunitas Generasi Cahaya Pintar dan bagaimana efektivitas dari konseling kelompok menggunakan teknik modeling dalam meningkatkan social concern komunitas Generasi Cahaya Pintar. Jenis penelitian yang peneliti gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimental serta menggunakan sebuah desain yaitu one group pretest and posttest. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 53 mahasiswa dengan sampel penelitian diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dari hasil pretest untuk diberikan treatment yakni diperoleh 8 orang. Kemudian, untuk teknik pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan kuisioner dan dokumentasi serta untuk teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui uji Wilcoxon dan juga N-Gain Score. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan dari score posttest (kategori tinggi dan sedang dengan nilai Mean (111,75) dibandingkan hasil pretest (kategori rendah dan sedang dengan nilai Mean (79). Dari analisis melalui uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan hasil nilai signifikansi (0,012) serta hasil N-Gain Score (0,8689). Maka dari itu, dapat diambil sebuah kesimpulan bahwasannya konseling kelompok dengan teknik modeling efektif untuk meningkatkan social concern komunitas Generasi Cahaya Pintar dengan tingkat efektivitas kategori tinggi.
Peran Locus Of Control Dalam Pengelolaan Kecerdasan Emosi Guru Sekolah
Authors: Faruk Umar , Bakar Norsuhaily Binti Abu , Arifin Syamsul
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran locus of control dalam pengelolaan kecerdasan emosional guru dan dampaknya terhadap kualitas pendidikan. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka, dengan tujuan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis literatur terkait untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana keyakinan tentang kontrol mempengaruhi kompetensi emosional guru. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa locus of control memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kecerdasan emosional dalam pendidikan. Guru dengan locus of control internal, yang percaya bahwa mereka memiliki kendali atas hasil dan situasi, cenderung menunjukkan kecerdasan emosional yang lebih baik, lebih efektif dalam mengelola emosi mereka, dan berinteraksi secara positif dengan siswa. Sebaliknya, guru dengan locus of control eksternal, yang merasa hasil dipengaruhi oleh faktor luar, mungkin menghadapi kesulitan dalam pengelolaan emosi dan kelas. Dalam konteks pendidikan, locus of control berperan penting dalam bagaimana guru mengelola kelas dan beradaptasi dengan tantangan, dengan guru yang memiliki locus of control internal menunjukkan resiliensi dan adaptasi yang lebih baik. Kajian ini menyarankan bahwa pengembangan profesional guru harus memfokuskan pada pelatihan yang meningkatkan locus of control internal, yang dapat memperkuat rasa tanggung jawab guru terhadap hasil pengajaran dan meningkatkan kecerdasan emosional mereka.
Reading Retardation: The Reading Difficulties and it’s Solutions According to Rushdi Ahmed Tuaima
Authors: Wildatul Muyasiroh  , R. Umi Baroroh  , Wildatul Muyasaroh  , Mumammad Ziad Al-Fain
Published: October 2024

This study aims to understand the concept of reading difficulties especially reading retardation, and the solution to fix that problem, according to Rushdi Ahmed Tuaima. The researcher also used a book by Abdul Hamid Sulaiman to compare the data. This type of research is library research. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is documentation and observation to know the application for treating reading difficulty in the school. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used in this research is content analysis.  This research reveals that Retardation reading is a student's slowdown individual process in reading. This is measured not by comparing them with others but by their mental abilities. Rushdi Ahmed Tuaima suggested that the teacher should not force the students to achieve standards that other students have achieved. Teachers must motivate students to restore their self-confidence. Apart from this, exercise is also essential to do.  The treatment of reading difficulties was successfully applied in the 9th grade of Ali Maksum Islamic Junior High School, which improved the student's academic and mental aspects. The researcher hopes this research can be a reference for all teachers to implement for learning reading skills.
Classical and Quantum Boltzmann Equations in the Presence of Bath Noise With Quantum Filtering Applied to Scattered Field Analysis
Authors: Parthasarathy Harish
Published: October 2024

We formulate the classical and quantum Boltzmann equations for the one particle distribution function and density operator corresponding to the motion of several indistinguisable point charges in motion with mutual electromagnetic interaction attached to central potentials and also interacting with an external electromagnetic field. These equations are used to derive formulas for the scattered electromagnetic field and analyze their properties like frequency content. Using the Wigner distribution to draw an analogy between classical probability distribution functions in phase space and corresponding quantum analogues, we compare the classical and quantum Boltzmann equations showing explicitly how the quantum Boltzmann equation for the Wigner distribution is the same as the classical Boltzmann equation but with extra quantum corrections expressible as a power series in Planck’c constant. We then proceed to formulate the quantum Boltzmann equation for open quantum systems, ie, systems connected to a noisy bath and explain how to estimate the Lindblad noisy coupling parameters from the nonlinear quantum Boltzmann state evolution between successive POV measurements. We then proceed to formulate the quantum Boltzmann equation for the one particle density operator derived from the quantum Belavkin filter for N-particles taking into account non-demolition measurement noise. Partial tracing of the Belavkin filter with the molecular chaos hypothesis for the N-particle state yields this nonlinear one particle filtered quantum Boltzmann equation. We then apply Lec-Bouten’s method of control unitaries based on the measurement process to cancel out part of Lindblad noise from the filtered quantum Boltzmann equation. Finally, we explain how to perform a second order perturbative analysis of the classical Boltzmann equation in order to arrive at the frequency spectrum of the scattered field from the frequency spectrum of the incident field. The last section is devoted to the derivation of the two particle quantum Boltzmann equation for the Belavkin quantum filter. During the process of derivation, we explain how to derive the general \(r^{th}\) order quantum Boltzmann equation for the Belavkin quantum filter on \(N\) particles when the bath acts symmetrically, ie, in a permutation invariant way on all the particles.
The Helsinki Process and Germany
Authors: Líska Ladislav
Published: October 2024

The Parisian CSCE summit has meant a dividing line in the Helsinki process. The European Communities and NATO have to be considered the core of a unified Europe, and the basis for its prosperity, stability and security. The FRG plays a key-role in the Helsinki process. The whole-European attitude of both the EC and the transformed NATO are a pre-condition for its successful development. The so called Eastern Policy of the FRG which has a whole European dimension within the framework of CSCE is an organic part of these attitudes. The complicated and long-term process concerning the transformation of post-communist countries is that national extremism and uneven developments of Eastern and West Europe have to be solved, it is aimed at the creation of a union between all European countries and nationalities with equal rights in a unified, democratic and all-round prospering Europe, where regional and civil dimensions will be greatly enforced. The ČSFR and FRG relations have a specific role in these efforts.
On Problems of Complex Solution of the Middle East Crisis
Authors: Wanner Jan
Published: October 2024

The author is writing about a statement that the world importance on the Middle East oil fields joint with economic and security factors to create a direct link between regional stability and international security. With the ending of the Cold War. The world needs a new conception for European security. The Kuwait crisis has confirmed the dominant role of the U.S. in the post-communist world and the military and political qualifications of its application, but only in the context of a more expensive international action. Therefore, a permanent control of regional conflicts demands at looking for new forms of control and regulation that would be valid the world over. The allied coalition against Iraq was purpose-made and could not become a base for a wider regional agreement. However, today’s Soviet-American regional cooperation is not very hopeful. It is necessary to look for a real complex peace solution from the beginning, even if the situation is relatively more stable.
Common Agricultural Policy of the European Communities
Authors: Goulli Rochdi
Published: October 2024

The author is aiming at a complex analysis of the present problems of the EC agricultural programs, which have become a social problem since the 1950's. The specific development of agriculture, peculiarities of its production and realization as well as the pressure and political forces of farmers have enforced an extensive system of state regulations. In individual stages of the EEC building -up, agriculture played an important role and the common agricultural policy and common market represent the most elaborate systems of economic integration. In the parallelism of state regulations (national agricultural policies) and supra-state reglementation (common agricultural policy), agriculture has reached significant success concerning its self-sufficiency, export as well as the modernization of production structures. Along with this development there have been problems in regards to the economic effectiveness of production, agricultural surplus and unbearable expenses of budget financing the common agricultural policy. Even conflicts with other world exporters, especially with the US., have come. The article has three parts. The first part ,,State and supra-state regulation of agriculture, EEC integration", engages in the causes of state interventions and in the creation of an institutional framework. The second part, "Mechanism of common agricultural market", analyzed the principles of functioning for integrated agriculture. The last part is devoted to the problems of a common agricultural policy balance and reform concerning intervention and protection systems.
The Collapse of the „Socialist Community“ and Orthodox Communist Regimes
Authors: Čebiš Vladimír
Published: October 2024

On December 5-6, 1990, an international scientific conference was held in Prague with the theme: Revolutionary changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern and Central Europe and their influence on the orthodox communist regimes in Cuba, the DPRK, and China.
The year 1989 went down in history as a period of unexpected revolutions that caused strategic changes in the geopolitical area, which until then was known as the "socialist community" (or "socialist camp", etc.). New political thinking and reconstruction in the Soviet Union caused such an unprecedented tolerance towards Eastern and Central Europe that it allowed democratic forces to overthrow the orthodox communist regimes, either by non-violent means like in Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary, or by means of a violent revolution like in Romania completely completed, even irreversible, and their long-term perspective remains problematic to a certain extent, they had and still have a significant influence on orthodox regimes in such countries as Cuba, China, and the DPRK.
Conference with Experts from the Rand Corporation on the Issues of National Security
Authors: Leška Vladimír
Published: October 2024

The international contacts of the úMV continued to develop intensively in 1991. A number of guests of the institute belonged to the world's best in their fields. On days 5-7 In May 1991, the úMV organized a conference together with the RAND Corporation, which was attended by several prominent figures in American research on military policy and national security. Although the topic of this colloquium was a rather narrow and specific issue of civil-military relations and the decision-making process on national security in the USA and Czechoslovakia, its course provided sufficient space for discussion of more general issues of the current security situation in Europe and the perspectives of its development.
The American side attached considerable importance to the conference. This is evidenced by the composition of her delegation. It was led by the president of the RAND Corporation, J. Thomson. Among the participants from this institution were vice president G. Donohue and scientific staff from the department of international politics F. S. Larrabee, S. Popper, J. B. Steinberg and T. S. Szayna. The military part of the American delegation consisted of the head of the group for policy and programs of the political department of the High Command of the Allied Armed Forces of NATO in Europe, gen. major W. Freeman, Deputy Director for Planning in the Secretariat of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Planning and Operations, US Air Force Brig. gen. B. L. Mitchell, head of the East European policy section of the same workplace, major. D. Palendech and deputy chief of the intelligence staff of the High Command of the American Army in Europe, gen. major C. Pfister. The four-star general of the US Air Force in the reserve, R.H. Reed, who represented the American National Association for Training (in active service he was chief of staff of the Allied High Command) was also in the delegation NATO armed forces in Europe). The civilian part of the delegation also included J. A. Baker, a member of the US Atlantic Council, W. Christman, political assistant for the USSR and Eastern Europe to the Deputy Secretary of Defense for Policy, W. B. Slocombe, former US Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Policy Planning, and W. Taylor, special deputy adviser for the security of the US ambassador to NATO. The delegation also included the director of the Radio Free Europe/Svoboda Research Institute, A. R. Johnson, and Vladimír Kusin, chief analyst of the analytical and research department of this institute.
In Salzburg about Europe in the 90s
Authors: Handl Vladimír
Published: October 2024

The Salzburg Seminar is an American center for interdisciplinary dialogue and education, founded in 1947. Every year it organizes a number of thematically focused discussions with the participation of prominent experts and politicians.
The main leaders of the 290th seminar (May 5-17, 1991) were Herbert S. Okun, executive director of the Financial Service Volunteer Corps, long-time US diplomat, former ambassador to the GDR and deputy head of the US delegation at the SALT II negotiations, and Leo Tindemans , member of the European Parliament and former Prime Minister and then Minister of Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
The discussed questions can be roughly divided into four areas.I. General problems of international relationsII. Problems of Central Eastern EuropeIII. Development in countries in the WestIV. Solution options
Kontrola zbrojení - předpoklad vytváření důvěry na Blízkém východě
Authors: Vychodil František
Published: October 2024

František Vychodil, nar. 1931, vedoucí vědecký pracovník ÚMV. Vystudoval právnickou fakultu Univerzity Karlovy. Působil v Ústavu pro mezinárodní politiku a ekonomii od jeho založení. Předtím a v letech 1962-1972 v diplomatických službách. Je autorem monografií a řady studií k problematice rozvojového světa.
Měnící se postavení a úloha rozvojových zemí ve světové ekonomice
Authors: Lysoněk Josef
Published: October 2024

Josef Lysoněk, nar. 1930, vystudoval Vysokou školu ekonomickou, obor zahraniční obchod. V současné době je samostatným výzkumným pracovníkem ÚMV, zpracovává problematiku mezinárodních ekonomických vztahů, zvláště rozvojových zemi, a další hospodářské, vnitřní vnější otázky, které jsou s ní spojeny. Na uvedená témata publikoval různé studie.
Beyond The Screen
Authors: Hamilton Christina , Pezoldt Amy , Buonadonna Daniel , Degracia Gianna , Klimenko Marina , Marton Emily
Published: October 2024

This study examined communication between friends across generations in the most popular TV shows from the 1990s to 2022. The five highest grossing American TV shows and sitcoms were chosen and coded for friends’ self-disclosure, expression of empathy, perspective/advice, critique, appreciation, and complimenting. Demographic characteristics of the characters were also recorded. The results showed a significant increase in self-disclosure from the 1990s to late-2000s, but not for early-2000s; as well as an increase in male characters’ expressing empathy.  Female characters increased in giving perspective in late-2000s and complimenting their friends in early- and late-2000s. However, female dyadic interactions remained to be the least frequent.
Catholicism, Gender-Affirming Care, and the Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Community
Authors: Sarah Wutzler
Published: October 2024

Analysis of the relationship between Catholicism, gender-affirming care, and transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) communities is critical given the extensive influence of Catholic thought within healthcare systems. Limited research on this subject and the politicization of gender-affirming care makes this analysis especially valuable at this time. Examination of literature reveals that Catholics often condemn gender-affirming practices and advise professionals against offering such care. Justification for this perspective is rooted in the Catholic understanding of human dignity, which includes respect for life beginning at conception and adherence to the principles of totality and integrity. Data on TGNC health outcomes shows that gender-affirming care is beneficial for TGNC individuals. Catholic hospitals retain the right to refuse provision gender-affirming care under U.S. law; however, this refusal is a significant barrier to care for TGNC individuals, who already face disproportionate burdens when accessing care. This research reveals the connection between healthcare barriers created and/or upheld by Catholic principles and lower overall health outcomes for TGNC people.
Genetic Characterization of the Glucose-PTS in Streptococcus sanguinis, examining competitive fitness.
Authors: Danniel Pham  , Lin Zeng
Published: October 2024

Ecological shifts in dental microbiome from homeostasis to dysbiosis have been hypothesized to underlie several oral diseases including dental caries. Streptococcus sanguinis, a commensal bacterium, is pivotal in maintaining oral health through its metabolic activities, including the production of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This study aims to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of the glucose::phosphotransferase system (PTS) in the physiology and competitive fitness of S. sanguinis within the oral microbiome, by examining single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EIIABMan (manL) and HPr of PTS in S. sanguinis strain SK36. Employing genetic engineering, bioinformatic analysis, growth and metabolic assays, recreating and characterizing several unique ManL SNPs in SK36 that were identified among clinical strains of S. sanguinis. Mutations in ManL and HPr correlated with altered growth dynamics, H2O2 production, acid production, and pH homeostasis in a manner uncoupled from canonical regulators such as CcpA and Rex. These genetic variations likely contributed to S. sanguinis's competitiveness, although their ecological impact remains to be further elucidated. This research is part of the ongoing effort to understand the genetic mechanisms that contribute to microbial ecology in relation to health, knowledge from which may allow for enhanced diagnostics, pro-health formulations, and other microbial interventions.
The Use of a REV-ERB Synthetic Agonist for T Helper 17-Based Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wilson Alexandria
Published: October 2024

Researchers have titled chronic inflammation the “hallmark of cancer,” due to its key role in inducing nearly twenty percent of the malignancies worldwide. Chronic inflammation exists for an extended period, gradually creating the right enviroment in which cancer can thrive. Chronic inflammation causes damage to cell DNA and alters the way cells replicate and divide; this damages healthy tissue and promotes cancerous tumor growth. T Helper 17 (Th17) cells are a subset of T cells known to play a key role in driving inflammation. Th17 cells tend to accumulate within the tumor microenvironment. While their role in tumorigenesis is complex, they promote tumor growth in many cancer types. REV-ERBs are a class of nuclear hormone receptors that was recently identified as a modulator of Th17 cell development. This experiment demonstrates that the use of a REV-ERB agonist reduces inflammation through the Th17 molecular network. We used qPCR to test the effects of a REV-ERB agonist on the relative expression of genes associated with Th17 cell differentiation and resulting inflammation. We used samples of mouse microglial cells (BV2 cells) cultured in a variety of conditions. When cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), bacterial toxins, BV2 cells undergo an inflammatory response. The BV2 cells co-treated with LPS and a REV-ERB agonist expressed these genes (Il-10, Il-1β, Il-6, Ccl2, Cox-2, Tnfα) to a lesser extent than the BV2 cells treated with LPS alone; thus, the REV-ERB agonist counteracted the effect of the LPS. These results indicate that REV-ERB agonists are worthy of future research into their utility as a means of cancer prevention and treatment.
Effects of Cannabidiol on Intestinal Myofibroblast Fibrotic PathwaysPATHWAYS
Authors: Carlisle Chloe , Broxson Christopher , Zimmermann Ellen
Published: October 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes two immune-mediated disorders, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD is characterized by recurrent and chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD is lifelong, and there is no cure. There has been an interest in new advanced medications to decrease inflammation and manage symptoms. Many of these new medications are expensive and depress the immune system, leaving many patients looking for alternatives to current medical therapies. Some IBD patients use medical marijuana to relieve the symptoms of this disease, and cannabidiol (CBD) in particular shows potential for reducing inflammation. This study investigates the potential therapeutic effects of CBD on IBD by examining its impact on fibrotic pathways in human intestinal myofibroblast (InMyoFib) cells.
Cultured InMyoFibs were pre-treated with CBD, followed by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) to stimulate a pro-fibrotic phenotype and mimic human IBD in the lab. Expression of genes associated with fibrosis, inflammation, and cannabinoid signaling was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Fibrotic protein expression in the culture media was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). CBD pre-treatment before TGF-β1 stimulation significantly reduced the expression of pro-fibrotic genes ACTA2, CCN2, COL1A1, and SERPINH1 compared to cells stimulated with TGF-β1 alone. Additionally, CBD increased the expression of inflammation-related genes IL6 and PTGS2 and the lipid metabolism gene PPARG, known to have anti-fibrotic properties. These findings suggest that CBD may modulate fibrotic and inflammatory signaling pathways, providing a potential therapeutic avenue for IBD treatment.
Forging Paths of Compassion
Authors: Virani Anaum
Published: October 2024

In the United States, Florida leads the nation in prosecuting minors, from direct file to reinforcing systems like the school-to-prison pipeline. While the Department of Juvenile Justice has made an active effort to move away from the punitive avenues to address juvenile delinquency, the local implementation framework outlined in Florida Statute 985 results in variability in utilization across jurisdictions, influencing the treatment and consequences faced by justice-involved youth. The study unveils the influence of congregation-based community organizations, particularly within the Direct Action Research Training network (DART), in advocating for the expansion of civil citation programs. Through comparative analysis and qualitative interviews, it demonstrates the effectiveness of congregational advocacy in shaping juvenile justice policies. The findings underscore the necessity of statewide standards to ensure consistency and address local challenges in implementation. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of further research into the impact of socio-demographic and contextual factors on program effectiveness and youth outcomes, providing valuable insights for policy development.
Evaluating STING Agonist Impact on Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Virus-related Cancers
Authors: Cathrine Pacini
Published: October 2024

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an etiological agent of multiple malignancies associated with compromised immunity, such as Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL). KSHV infection is lifelong with no available treatment or vaccines and poses a high risk to immunocompromised individuals. The virus is transmitted via the oral and sexual route, and has a biphasic life cycle with a short lytic replication cycle followed by long-term latency, with the expression of few genes making detection difficult. Reactivation from latency results in a cascade of viral gene expression and pathogenesis. Critical to controlling KSHV infection is the cGAS-STING DNA-sensing pathway (STING), known to activate the type I interferon response and induce cancer cell death or growth inhibition. STING exhibits both anti-viral and anti-tumor responses, showing promise as a protein of interest to study for the development of a therapeutic treatment. By examining the in vitro effectiveness of STING agonists in inhibiting KSHV oncogenesis in PEL, the study aimed to provide the foundation for a potential novel therapeutic approach. Six patient-derived PEL cell lines were treated with the STING agonist diaminobenzamidazole (diABZI) in a dose-dependent manner. Four of the PEL cell lines exhibited decreased cell growth, viability, and colony formation, while two PEL cell lines were resistant to treatment, correlating with the presence or absence of STING expression. RNA-sequencing was performed and discovered upregulation of multiple interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) in responsive cell lines. Further investigations will explore STING agonists’ inhibition of PEL oncogenesis in vitro via colony formation and in vivo using a PEL xenograft model with NSG mice. Successful completion of this project will offer insight into potential clinical treatments for targeting KSHV infection and reactivation.
Infralimbic Cortex and Behavioral Responses to Mild Stress after Repeated Social Stress Exposure
Authors: Quach Vianna , Pickernell Sara , Chin-Quee Victoria , Devine Darragh
Published: October 2024

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is an emotional impairment that can have debilitating consequences for afflicted individuals. Social stress, including isolation or alienation, may be an important factor that contributes to MDD. In two experiments, repeated social defeat was utilized in rodents to induce social stress, modeling the social stressors that are thought to contribute to MDD in humans. Behavioral analyses revealed that dominance and submissive behaviors in the social defeat sessions were quite stable across repeated sessions. Accordingly, there appeared to be little variability between the rats in their social stress experience. This validates the model and allows for the study to draw inferences concerning the impacts of the stress experience from means testing of behavioral and physiological outcomes. The second experiment evaluated the impacts of repeated social defeat on cortical responses to the mild stress of a novel environment. RNAscope was utilized evaluate expression of c-Fos, GAD65, and VGluT1 mRNA in the infralimbic cortex. mRNA for c-Fos was labeled to identify which neurons were active in the infralimbic cortex. This was combined with labels for vGluT1 and GAD65 mRNAs to evaluate if those neurons were excitatory (glutamatergic) or inhibitory (GABAergic). The socially stressed rats exhibited increased mRNA expression for GAD65 in the infralimbic cortex. This suggests increased stress-induced biosynthesis of GABA in inhibitory neurons of the infralimbic cortex.
Spanish-English Code-Switching and Cognitive Control
Authors: Mello Medina Rodrigo
Published: October 2024

Code-switching is the act of alternating between multiple languages within a conversation, common amongst bilingual speakers. The Control Process Model claims that different types of language contexts like code-switching involve different levels of engagement of cognitive control. In studying this phenomenon, prior research has demonstrated that reading code-switched sentences enhanced cognitive control (conflict resolution) on non-verbal trials compared to one-language contexts. The current study investigates how code-switching affects conflict resolution similar to that of the previous study but using more ecologically valid auditory stimuli (speech). Participants are Spanish-English bilinguals in the US who learned both languages before the age of 12. The experiment alternates one-language spoken sentences and Spanish-English sentences. Sentences are interleaved with Flanker trials, congruent or incongruent. Participants respond to the direction of the middle arrow. The prediction made is that both the presence of a code-switch and the type of code-switch modulates the conflict effect. Results show that the presence of a switch and the type of switch matters in modulating cognitive control in bilingual individuals.
The Unsung Propagandists
Authors: Dalia Bronisas Dooley
Published: October 2024

As the nation rallied its resources for wartime in 1942, the Office of War Information (OWI) assumed a pivotal role in disseminating information related to the war and aimed at mobilizing the American populace. Within the organizational framework of the OWI, a small cohort of pioneering women ascended to leadership positions, challenging prevailing gender norms and reconfiguring the narrative surrounding women's wartime engagement. Classified after the war’s end, their records are now part of the 7,112 boxes that encompass the totality of the OWI’s records, now housed in the National Archives. An exploration of the documents of these women, including correspondence, published work, and other internal records, paints the picture of their continuous participation and influence which resulted in some of the most visible domestic propaganda campaigns of the Second World War. Previous scholarship, while plentiful in the exploration of the domestic roles of women during the war, fails to acknowledge the directorship of these women in their efforts to rally national support for not just female recruitment, but other facets of wartime activity. Through an in-depth examination of archival materials collected from the OWI, this research seeks to contribute to a nuanced understanding of female contributions on the American home front.
Violations of Musical Expectations and Emotion
Authors: Wu Ashley
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the possibility of a relationship between types of violations of musical expectations and perceived emotions. A natural consequence of listening to music is the development of musical expectations, or rhythmic, harmonic, and structural anticipations of what the listener expects to hear. Existing research in psychology and neuroscience demonstrates that violation of these musical expectations has significant physiological and emotional effects on the listener. Through a survey format, participants were asked to evaluate their experience listening to twelve excerpts by providing written responses and completing two rating scales. This allowed for a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of emotion in contrast to physiological measures used in other studies. Nonparametric tests showed statistically significant differences between ranked mean ratings according to type of violation. Thus, this study provides evidence supporting the existence of a relationship between types of violations of musical expectation and perceived emotions in listeners. Further research is suggested for clarification of this relationship and its possible applications in musical compositions.
Carceral Soundscapes
Authors: Fiorucci Bella
Published: October 2024

My central research focus seeks to define a poetics of the carceral; to accomplish this goal, I study the relationship between inmate authors, the space of the prison, and the soundscapes their works create. My work builds on that of scholars like Nicole Fleetwood who have shifted conversations toward the materiality of the prison in recent years. My work emerges in conversation with this scholar, as I expand her frameworks to examine how the material shape of the prison is revealed through and imprinted on the work of incarcerated poets. In my paper, I argue that inmate authors articulate the prison experience in unique ways by reconstructing and experimenting with sound to push back against a dehumanizing carceral space. I begin by foregrounding the work of Reginald Dwayne Betts, as he uses the material prison to create soundscapes of his experience. His material use of legal documents and prison moderators creates a tension between the sounds the prison implicitly creates, and those Betts explicitly recreates. The sensory experience of prison, how it is heard and seen, and the recreations of that experience allow us to understand the architecture of carceral space. Ultimately, my paper identifies new directions for analyzing how inmate artists transform the experience of carceral space and inscribe the material life of the contemporary American prison into poetry.
Studi Ornamen pada Masjid di Daerah Kelurahan Bukit Lama Palembang
Authors: Husien Adnan , Mafra Ramadisu
Published: October 2024

In general, a mosque is a spiritual place for Muslims where a deep connection between human and Allah SWT is established. Upon entering the interior of the mosque, one often encounters ornaments that contribute to the beauty and aesthetic value of the mosque. However, it is not uncommon to find mosques that adopt minimalist and simple concepts to prioritize the primary function of the mosque itself. With the presence of these ornaments in the mosque, this research aims to inventory the ornaments found in 20 mosques in the Bukit Lama district, Palembang. The research methodology employed a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing both primary data (author's documents) and secondary data (images from Google Maps). The research findings reveal six commonly found ornaments in the 20 mosques, namely, the ? (Allah) inscription at 80%, the ? (Muhammad) inscription at 70%, Asmaul Husna ornaments at 20%, geometric patterns (mihrab) at 40%, minimalist patterns (mihrab) at 60%, and surah decorations on walls and similar areas reaching 60%.
Identity Symbolism: Cultural Significance in Tobong Monument and Balairung Hotel
Authors: Hafidhuddin Muhammad , Lukito Yulia Nurliani
Published: October 2024

The romantic perception of vernacular architecture, often rooted in nostalgia, significantly influences its use as a symbol of cultural identity. Referring to the works of Paul Oliver and Robert Redfield on vernacular architecture, exploring romanticism and attitudes towards vernacular buildings as well as the differences between them. Tobong, a tower structure for brick burning, and Hotel Balairung in Jakarta are examples of two buildings related to vernacular architecture that can symbolize culture and society and the romance of the past. Rooted in local production traditions, Tobong transcends its functional purpose to become a symbol of cultural heritage and the significance of vernacular architecture to this day. Similarly, Hotel Balairung represents the adaptation of the vernacular architecture and culture of West Sumatra, which can symbolize regional pride and economic development. How vernacular structures like Tobong being made into monuments and Hotel Balairung represent the cultural significance and adaptability of vernacular architecture, my argument is that both vernacular architecture buildings, Tobong being made into a monument in Godean Yogyakarta and West Sumatra architecture being used as a hotel in Jakarta, show variations of the significance and adaptability of vernacular architecture in the present era. Through a comparison method of two buildings that elevate vernacular architecture, this article shows the connection between vernacular buildings and their cultural identity, as well as their ability to be used in various contexts of adaptability, and significance in shaping communitiesKeywords: sentiment, vernacular architecture, monument, culture, identity