bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Definisi, Konsep dan Teori Toleransi Beragama
Authors: Muda Khadijah , Mohd Tohar Siti Nor Azhani
Published: November 2020

Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menghuraikan definisi, konsep dan teori toleransi beragama. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kajian kepustakaan. Toleransi adalah sikap atau tingkahlaku individu dari segi dalaman atau luaran. Toleransi dari segi dalaman seperti persepsi, prejudis dan stereotaip tidak dapat dilihat dengan mata kasar, namun ia boleh berubah dan ditunjukkan melalui tingkah laku. Toleransi beragama pula boleh diertikan sebagai sikap atau tingkahlaku yang bersedia untuk menghormati dan membenarkan penganut agama lain mengamalkan agama masing-masing tanpa sebarang halangan selagi mana tidak menyentuh sensitiviti agama lain dan tidak melanggar batas syariat yang ditetapkan agama. Dari segi teori pula, artikel ini mengupas teori toleransi beragama menunrut sarjana Islam dan Barat.
Patriotyzm podatkowy na tle zobowiązań fiskalnych
Authors: Głuchowski Jan
Published: November 2020

Autor przedstawia w ujęciu komparatystycznym zagadnienie patriotyzmu podatkowego. Wychodząc od ustaleń pojęciowych, rozważa odpowiedź na pytanie, czy płacenie podatku we własnym kraju jest patriotyczne. Na szali z jednej strony jest interes ekonomiczny, z drugiej zaś interes narodowy. Niemniej podkreślanie wagi patriotyzmu może mieć pozytywny wpływ na wzrost dyscypliny podatkowej osób fizycznych i firm.
Prawne instrumenty przeciwdziałania uchylaniu się od opodatkowania w Federacji Rosyjskiej: ogólny przegląd obowiązujących norm
Authors: Sergeevich Gurkin Aleksandr
Published: November 2020

Artykuł jest poświęcony ogólnej analizie różnych instrumentów prawnych przeciwdziałających unikaniu opodatkowania, które są stosowane w Federacji Rosyjskiej*. Zobrazowano w nim główne kierunki działań państwa w zakresie przeciwdziałania unikaniu opodatkowania oraz kwestie interakcji w tym zakresie pomiędzy Federacją Rosyjską a innymi państwami. Poddano analizie klauzule rosyjskie i zagraniczne doświadczenia z punktu widzenia Rosji.
Problematyczne aspekty powiązań standardów rachunkowości finansowej z opodatkowaniem podmiotów prawnych podatkiem dochodowym od osób prawnych
Authors: Endrijaitis Martynas
Published: November 2020

W artykule dokonano kompleksowej analizy oraz oceny teoretycznych i praktycznych problemów stosowania standardów rachunkowości finansowej w ramach nakładania podatku na przychód osób prawnych, zaproponowano także możliwe rozwiązania tych problemów, a tym samym wskazano konieczne zmiany w prawie podatkowym Republiki Litewskiej.
重要跨越ADSS加固技术研究
Authors: 朱 强 , 俞 涵 , 李 淼 , 郑 晓明 , 郑 哲
Published: November 2020

本篇文章基于重要跨越ADSS加固技术，在了解电腐蚀原理以及该技术要求的基础之上，提出了一种ADSS加固技术，并且对该技术的技术优势、以及技术效果进行了详细阐述。
农村饮水安全工程管护及优化研究
Authors: 段 亚强
Published: November 2020

在社会快速发展的推动下，使得人们的思想意识出现了明显的变化，人们对于农村地区的饮用水的安全性越发的重视。农村饮用水安全工程其实质就是在农村地区建造能够为民众生活提供良好便利的饮用水工程项目。在实际开展工程项目施工工作的过程中，务必要对水体质量、水量加以切实的关注。当下，我国农村饮用水安全工程项目数量在逐渐的增加，但是项目在施工和管理方面都还存在诸多的问题，所以还需要我们充分结合各方面实际情况来进行优化和创新。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对农村饮用水安全工程管护以及优化工作展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国农村饮用水工程领域的良好发展有所帮助。
中国水文水资源常态与应急统合管理研究
Authors: 闫 丽娟
Published: November 2020

在当前时期，国内经济呈现出较快的发展趋势，对水资源的需求量持续增加，外加全球气候发生了较大的变化，这就使得水文资源问题变得更为严重，经济社会的发展也受到限制。现阶段，大家关注的重点是我们国家的水资源是否可以满足生产、生活的实际需要，水资源紧张、污染严重以及生态退化之类的为是否得到有效解决。本文主要从我们国家水文水资源的实际情况出发，针对存在的具体问题提出可行的解决之策，并对水资源管理予以创新，以期使得水资源安全能够真正得到保证。
风力发电技术发展现状及趋势
Authors: 李 晓明
Published: November 2020

当前，我国的能源消耗量逐渐增加，能源紧缺形势逐渐加剧。近年来，随着国家颁布新能源政策，风力发电这一清洁能源逐渐得到电力企业的关注，风力发电技术得到了进步和发展。文中将针对风能发电技术的发展现状进行探究，分析风能发电技术发展中存在的问题，并总结风能发电技术水平的发展趋势，以期为我国风力发电技术的发展提供一定的参考。
电气自动化在煤矿安全生产中的应用初探
Authors: 郭 江江
Published: November 2020

随着我国科学技术稳定进步发展，电气自动化技术已经被广泛地应用到在煤矿的安全生产中来。煤矿的安全生产关系到煤矿工作人员的人身安全，文中主要对电气自动化技术在煤矿的安全生产中的应用进行了相关的分析介绍，阐述了电气自动化技术在煤矿安全生产中的发挥的重要作用，进而分析了煤矿安全生产中影响电气自动化技术运行的一些因素，通过分析总结并得出利用电气自动化来提高煤矿安全生产的可靠性策略。
大中型泵站工程施工重点难点以及技术
Authors: 徐 伟阳
Published: November 2020

近年来，我国综合国力得到了全面的提升，从而推动了各个领域的发展壮大，尤其是建筑工程行业的发展十分的迅猛。在实施大中型泵站工程施工工作的过程中，务必要对各个工序之间的衔接工作加以全面的把控，并且要对新型施工技术和施工设备进行综合性研究，保证泵站施工工作能够高效的落实，提升施工工作的效率和效果。就现如今实际情况来说，我国大中型泵站施工技术水平相对与其他发达国家还显得较为落后，所以相关泵站施工工作人员务必要不断的增强自身的专业能力，从各个角度入手来提高我国泵站施工工作的质量和效率。鉴于此这篇文章主要针对大中型泵站工程施工重点和难点展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国大中型本站工程施工工作的良好发展有所帮助。
农村水利工程施工过程中的难点问题分析
Authors: 樊 莉莉
Published: November 2020

我们国家对农业生产是十分重视的，小型水利工程的建设工作也得到了加强，这就使得农业发展速度持续加快。当然，有些水利工程的建设质量并未达到要求，施工中出现的问题也较多，导致此种情况出现的主要原因是没有对水利工程难点有切实的了解。水利工程和广大群众的生活有着紧密的关联性，通过其可以使得水资源的利用率大幅提升，进而使得社会发展脚步更为稳健。文章主要针对农村水利工程的施工展开深入探析，寻找出难点问题，进而提出切实可行的应对之策。
110kVSF6断路器SF6气体压力降低故障原因分析
Authors: 李 春明
Published: November 2020

SF6断路器是一种将SF6气体作为灭弧介质的断路器，主要是通过SF6的气体作为绝缘介质以及灭弧介质的无油化断路器设备，其绝缘性能和灭弧特征都明显的高于油断路器。但是在实际应用的过程中会因为气压值的变化而出现压力降低等相关的一些安全问题。文章主要讲解了其在运行中存在的问题并同时提出了可行性的解决方案。
接地变兼站用变短路阻抗基准侧的选取与保护
Authors: 辛 志磊
Published: November 2020

从本质上介绍了不接地系统到电阻或消弧线圈接地系统的演变过程；引出了接地变和接地变兼站用变的概念，解释了接地变、接地变兼站用变的构造和原理；遵照国家标准，并借鉴项目经验，总结了通过接地变兼站用变铭牌参数确定短路阻抗选取基准侧的方法，并且结合实例给出了详细的解释推导，奠定了接地变兼站用变的短路电流计算，继电保护整定计算的计算基础；基于确定基准侧后的短路电流计算，分析了接地变兼站用变与普通接地变的速断保护整定计算的差异，分别从躲过变压器低压侧出口三相短路，躲过变压器空载合闸与外部短路故障切除电压恢复可能出现的最大励磁涌流，躲过区外单相接地时流过接地变压器的最大故障相电流，并保证接地变压器电源侧在最小方式下两相短路时有足够灵敏度四项原则分析计算了接地变兼站用变的速断保护整定值；区分了接地变兼站用变与普通接地变的整定原则，总结了相关实践经验。
新时期农田水利工程建设管理创新思路解读
Authors: 于 树林
Published: November 2020

近年来，我国加大了改革开放的力度，从而为各个领域的发展壮大带来了良好的机遇。水利工程建设工作不但与社会发展密切相关，并且还与民众的生活息息相关，要想从根本上确保农田水利工程建设质量，那么最为重要的就是针对建筑工程实施切实的管理。在新的历史时期中，农田水利工程管理工作涉及到：工程运行管理、养护管理以及防汛抢险工作。我们只有保证不断的结合实际情况对管理工作进行优化和改革，才可以促进农田水利工程建设各项工作的有序开展。农田水利工程建设工作涉及到农田水利设施的建造、灌溉工程建造以及防洪防涝工程建设等等。在最近的几年时间里，我国在农田水利工程建设方面投入了较多的人力物力，从而推动了整个农业行业的稳步发展，这样也对农田水利工程建设管理工作提出了更高的要求，工作人员务必要彻底的扭转以往落后的工作理念，提升管理工作的整体水平，促进水利工程各项工作按部就班的进行。
加强农村供水行业监管工作的探索与实践
Authors: 石 玲玲 , 边 锋
Published: November 2020

饮用水安全是农村居民正常生活的基本保障，我国自2005年开始兴建农村饮用水安全工程，这些年已经建设77.5万农村集中饮用水工程，解决了7.38亿农村人口的饮水问题。从十三五以来，我国农村饮水安全工程建设规模逐渐扩大，整体工程建设质量，后期管理水平也得到了更大的提高。农村地区饮水问题由有水喝转变为喝好水，但是现阶段农村供水行业监管工作还存在一些瑕疵，一部分农村地区的居民无法喝上干净水、放心水，这样也给农村安全饮水工程长期发展带来不利的影响，因此应不断强化行业监管工作。
水利工程建设质量与安全监督管理体系研究
Authors: 叶 发清
Published: November 2020

在当前时期，国内经济呈现出较快的发展态势，水利工程建设的受重视程度也提高了很多。水利工程对人民群众的生活会产生很大影响，通过其可以对自然水体展开调控，并可使得水资源开发效果更为理想，所以说要依据水利工程建设的实际需要构建起行之有效的质量与安全监管体系，这样方可保证施工环境更为安全，工程质量大幅提升。文章主要针对水利工程建设过程中构建质量与安全监管体系展开全面分析，将其中存在的问题寻找出来，进而通过可行措施予以解决。
The Effectiveness of Public Speaking Learning Media Based on Digital Multimodal in Indonesian Language Courses at Politeknik Pariwisata Medan
Authors: Putri Siahaan Rachel Yoan Katherin
Published: November 2020

Digital media or often referred to as new media (new digital media) is an electronic media stored in digital format (as opposed to analog format) which can be used as storage, transmit, and receive digitalized information. Digital media is the internet-based media using computers and sophisticated mobile phones. Digital media as internet-based media has the characteristics of (1) computer-based technology; (2) its characteristics are hybrid, not dedicated, flexible; (3) interactive potential; (4) public and private functions; (5) non-strict regulations; (6) interrelation; (7) ubiquitous / independent of location; (8) can be accessed by individuals as communicators. (4) public and private functions; (5) non-strict regulations; (6) interrelation; (7) ubiquitous / independent of location; (8) can be accessed by individuals as communicators. (4) public and private functions; (5) non-strict regulations; (6) interrelation; (7) ubiquitous / independent of location; (8) can be accessed by individuals as communicators. This development research will be carried out at the Medan Tourism Polytechnic which is located at Jalan Rumah Sakit Haji No. 12, Kenanga Baru, Percut Sei Tuan District, and Deliserdang Regency. This Polytechnic has seven Study Programs, namely one Diploma 4 (D-4) Study Program and six Diploma 3 (D-3) Study Programs. The seven study programs are (1) D-4 Hospitality Management, (2) D-3 Room Division Management, (3) D-3 Food Management Management, (4) D-3 Catering Management, (5) D-3 Patiseri Management, (6) Tourism Planning and Marketing Management, and (7) D-3 Travel Tour. This digital multimodal-based public speaking learning media is very effective to use to improve learning outcomes. The learning outcomes after applying this product were at an average of 89.68%, meanwhile the learning outcomes before the application of learning media were at an average (55.93%).
O papel da gestão escolar como liderança democrática escolar
Authors: Dias Polyana Nogueira , Oliveira Milene Kinlliane Silva de , Farias Carla Galvão
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como tema as O Papel da Gestão Escolar como Liderança Democrática Escolar. Diante do cotidiano escolar, muitas vezes, a função do diretor acaba se dispersando e, por isso, é imprescindível o conhecimento acerca das suas reais atribuições para garantir a qualidade do processo educativo em todas as suas dimensões. O objetivo consistiu em compreender o papel do gestor em relação às suas atribuições frente à comunidade escolar. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e recorremos a investigação bibliográfica, onde pesquisamos autores acadêmicos que abordam sobre a gestão democrática, como Gadotti (2004), Rios (2010), Teixeira (2003), Lück (2004) e Libâneo (2005) entre outros que se remetem não somente ao processo democrático, mas também ao papel do gestor, a sua liderança e administração educacional. Esta fundamentação teórica subsidiou a nossa análise e reflexões acerca da função específica do gestor escolar. Portanto, concluímos o quanto se faz necessário a compreensão das atribuições do gestor escolar, bem como a relevância de seu trabalho ser direcionado e dinamizado através do diálogo e trabalho coletivo. Dessa forma, além de não haver distribuições de funções inadequadas a cada profissional, não haverá sobrecarga de trabalho e será possível, ao realizar as suas funções tanto administrativas quanto pedagógicas, garantir a qualidade do processo educativo da escola.
Itinerário terapêutico de mulheres com sífilis: do (des)conhecimento até as escolhas para o cuidado com a saúde
Authors: Nazareth Isis Vanessa , Silva Leila Rangel da , Teixeira Selma Villas Boas , Santos Inês Maria  Meneses dos , Queiroz Ana Beatriz Azevedo , José Sabrina Ayd Pereira
Published: November 2020

Itinerários terapêuticos são constituídos pelos movimentos desencadeados por indivíduos na escolha, avaliação e adesão (ou não) a formas de tratamento para resolver os problemas de saúde. Ao compreender que a cultura determina o tipo de cuidado desejado, intui-se tornar a prática da enfermagem culturalmente embasada na construção do itinerário terapêutico de mulheres com sífilis. Objetivou-se compreender o itinerário terapêutico das mulheres com diagnóstico de sífilis fora do ciclo gravídico puerperal. Baseado no método da Etnoenfermagem, realizado no Programa Municipal de DST/AIDS em Macaé/RJ. Participaram vinte mulheres com diagnóstico de sífilis e sete profissionais de saúde. A obtenção dos dados foi através da utilização de dois capacitadores da Teoria do Cuidado Cultural, além de entrevistas. A análise dos depoimentos fundamentou-se no método da Etnoenfermagem. Nos resultados descreve-se o perfil dos participantes e codificou-se duas categorias analíticas: A entrada no sistema de cuidado à saúde: construindo o itinerário terapêutico para a sífilis; e a trilha de interações sociais e culturais para o cuidado com a sífilis. Discute-se que o itinerário terapêutico das mulheres com sífilis está relacionado às questões sociais e culturais, remetendo-nos a uma responsabilidade como profissionais de saúde junto ao desafio de entender a cultura e o cuidado como dimensões inseparáveis. Conclui-se que é significativa a dúvida das mulheres em relação ao contexto da sífilis. Constatou-se a necessidade de discutir a problemática da sífilis não apenas no ciclo gravídico puerperal, sendo preciso unir esforços para o aconselhamento e tratamento desta infecção em todas as fases da vida.
A erosividade da chuva nos municípios mineiros da bacia do rio Doce, por meio do programa computacional netErosividade MG
Authors: Borges Felipe Ribeiro Floriano , Ezezinos Karen Esteves , Vieira Eliane Maria
Published: November 2020

A deposição de sedimentos nos corpos d’água, gerada pelos acelerados processos erosivos, é um dos principais problemas de qualidade da água superficial da bacia hidrográfica do rio Doce. Entre as variáveis que causam os processos erosivos, tem-se a erosão pluvial, que pode ser acentuada pelas características de intensidade de chuvas. Buscando caracterizar o potencial erosivo das chuvas em cada município mineiro da bacia do rio Doce, este trabalho utilizou o programa netErosividade MG. Para tal, foram selecionados os 190 (cento e noventa) municípios mineiros da bacia do rio Doce e obtidos seus valores de erosividade das chuvas. Os dados foram tabulados por Unidade de Gestão de Recursos Hídricos e organizados de forma descendente. Os resultados obtidos apontaram que a unidade de gestão com maior média do potencial erosivo, por município, foi a do rio Piranga, com 6928,61. Outras duas próximas ao valor da primeira, em potencial, foram as dos rios Piracicaba (6761,94) e Manhuaçu (5884,3), que também apresentaram médio potencial. A sub-bacia com menor potencial encontrado foi a do rio Suaçuí, com valores de baixo potencial erosivo, em torno de 3417,59 . A partir dos dados gerados, foi possível desenhar o gráfico da distribuição do potencial erosivo durante um ano hidrológico para cada sub-bacia. Mediante tais resultados, espera-se que as tabelas, os gráficos e o web map produzidos sejam capazes de auxiliar os atores na tomada de decisão de políticas públicas voltadas para a gestão de recursos hídricos da bacia hidrográfica do rio Doce.
Tratamento restaurador para lesões cervicais não cariosas – parte 2
Authors: Silva Lívia Luiza Carvalho da , Pereira Emmanuelle Karyne Geronimo , Silva Douglas Ferreira da , Rodrigues Raphaela Farias , Hora Sarah Lerner , Lins Fernanda Carvalho de Rezende
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de um tratamento restaurador para lesões cervicais não cariosas (LCNC). Metodologia: Relato de caso do tipo do tipo qualitativo descritivo de acordo com os princípios éticos que regem a pesquisa com seres humanos presentes na Declaração de Helsinque. Relato de caso: Paciente gênero masculino, 34 anos de idade, leucoderma, procurou atendimento na Clínica de Odontologia do Centro Universitário Tiradentes – UNIT/AL queixando-se de sensibilidade dentinária. Durante a anamnese, relatou ingerir alimentos ácidos com frequência, realizar escovação dentária logo após as refeições e ter utilizado aparelho ortodôntico por cerca de dois anos. Ao exame clínico, foi identificado presença de LCNC nos elementos 15 e 16. Logo, o tratamento restaurador foi discutido e aceito pelo paciente, sendo a resina composta do tipo nano-híbrida o material de escolha.  Considerações finais: O tratamento das LCNC baseia-se no controle dos agentes etiológicos e protocolo restaurador, sendo preferível o uso de resinas compostas e adesivos autocondiocionantes.
A utilização do objective structured clinical examination para avaliação em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar no centro cirúrgico
Authors: Santos Luiza Rodrigues , Santos Nathalia Reis Ayres dos , Souza Priscilla Alfradique de , Luna Aline Affonso
Published: November 2020

Tem-se como objetivo avaliar as habilidades assimiladas e compará-las ao conhecimento retido pós-treinamento da equipe de enfermagem do centro cirúrgico acerca da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Método de abordagem quantitativa, quase-experimental, do tipo pré e pós, organizada em duas fases. Na primeira, houve aplicação do pré-teste para avaliar conhecimento prévio, e posterior aula teórico-prática sobre a temática. Após 3 meses, realizada a segunda fase, aplicação do pós-teste e ferramenta para avaliar habilidades práticas. Foram utilizados os programas estatísticos: SPSS e R 3.6.3, realizadas análises univariadas e bivariadas, além do teste de Wilcoxon e correlação de Spearman. Participaram das duas etapas 31 profissionais, com predomínio de técnicos de enfermagem (96,7%) e sexo feminino (97,1%). O enfermeiro apresentou pontuação total superior (6,5) aos técnicos (4,1±1,33). O grupo etário de 37-46 também destacou-se dos demais (5,1±0,82). Os profissionais apresentaram assimilação do conhecimento após a intervenção, evidenciado por melhora no pós-teste (p-valor: 0,002). Em relação as habilidades, as principais dificuldades e inadequações encontradas foram nas compressões (3,4±1,15) e ventilação (1,7±0,58). Concluindo, a intervenção mostrou-se uma estratégia eficaz para melhoria dos conhecimentos e habilidades da equipe. Contudo, necessitam de capacitações periódicas, para atualizações e educação continuada, visto que há diminuição do conhecimento retido ao longo do tempo.  A execução correta da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar de forma correta contribui diretamente na sobrevida do paciente.
Relato de experiência: a percepção do acadêmico de enfermagem em relação à ansiedade e medo do paciente cirúrgico
Authors: Nascimento Ruth Barreto do , Ataide Marcos Teixeira , Oliveira Ana Beatriz Santos , Oliveira Ana Clara Branches De , Chagas Gabriele Azevedo Das , Santos Gleicy Fernandes Dos , Lopes Graciana de Sousa , Rosendo Rayane De Oliveira , Panelli Renato , Barbosa Vanessa Vieira
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: relatar a experiência dos acadêmicos de enfermagem em um centro cirúrgico de Manaus, referente ao desenvolvimento de ansiedade de pacientes no perioperatório. Método: O estudo trata-se de um relato de experiência, realizado em um Centro Cirúrgico e Sala de Recuperação Anestésica de um hospital de referência em cirurgia geral na zona norte da cidade Manaus, no período de agosto de 2019 a junho de 2020. Resultado: Nesse contexto, ansiedade e medo são sentimentos presentes em todos os pacientes que serão submetidos há um procedimento cirúrgico, sendo estes sentimentos inclusos no segundo nível de prioridade que envolvem as necessidades sociocultural, espiritual e segurança psicológica, corroborando assim com a teoria das necessidades humanas básicas. Conclusão: Desse modo, a enfermagem assume responsabilidades e intervenções naturais ao cuidado com esses pacientes, por serem o profissional mais próximo no dia-a-dia durante o período de internação, o que requer um amplo conhecimento que vão além de sua competência profissional, buscando tornar aquele momento de incertezas em um ambiente mais esclarecido, confiável e confortável ao paciente.
Colostomia: a construção da autonomia para o autocuidado
Authors: Silva Karine Alves da , Azevedo Pauliani Ferreira , Olimpio Raimunda de Jesus Jacinto , Oliveira Sayma Taianny Souza de , Figueiredo Silvana Nunes
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: pesquisar, conforme a literatura, o conhecimento do portador de colostomia em relação ao autocuidado. Método: pesquisa integrativa, utilizando as bases de dados eletrônicas Literatura Latino Americano em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), com recorte temporal de seis anos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 18 artigos científicos, os quais evidenciaram que a condição de ser estomizado acarreta impacto na maneira como o indivíduo vê seu corpo e altera valores pessoais e papéis familiares, além de provocar estigmatização por terceiros. Conclusão: A adaptação do portador de colostomia perpassa por um processo de aceitação, no qual a modificação fisiológica significa mais que um simples procedimento, nesse sentido, o autocuidado influencia positivamente para a qualidade de vida. Diversos fatores influenciam o autocuidado do paciente, bem como a adesão e motivação para o tratamento e as intervenções propostas. Conhecê-los é fundamental para a compreensão dos desafios do processo de cuidar em estomaterapia.
Microbiological standards for food: what has changed in 18 years?
Authors: Silva Allana Dayana de Souza Salvador da , Oliveira Juliana Marinho de , Gomes Steffany Marielly de Macêdo , Oliveira Fernando Luiz Nunes de , Azerêdo Geíza Alves
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study aimed to show the main changes in the microbiological standards for food, occurred after the repeal of Resolution - RDC No. 12, of January 2, 2001, by Resolution - RDC No. 331, of December 23, 2019. Methods: A comparative study of RDC was performed to identify the modifications regarding food groups, the number of sample units to be collected, indication of the number of acceptable samples, types of microorganisms, and their tolerance limits. Results: The following main changes were observed: 1) inclusion of aerobic mesophiles and enterobacteria (hygienic indicators), Escherichia coli (fecal microorganism), Cronobacter spp. (for infant foods), and microbial toxins and metabolites; 2) increased demand for tolerance limits for some food groups; and 3) the creation of specific categories for certain food groups, such as poultry meat. Conclusion: RDC No. 331, of December 23, 2019, provided more security to consumers, as it is applied to foods ready for consumption, implying greater rigor in their production, especially those easily accessible to the population, with high nutritional content and intended for groups at risks such as infants and newborns.
Efficiency of an aquatubular boiler from the burning of four cultivars of sugar cane
Authors: Dias Marcelo Costa , Silva Antonio Manoel Batista da , Rogério Junior Lúcio
Published: November 2020

The growing demand for energy from renewable sources increasingly seeks to implement efficient energy production systems. Thus, the objective of this work is to determine the thermal efficiency of an aquatubular boiler that will burn the bagasse from four sugarcane cultivars: SP 80-1816, RB72-454, SP80-3280 and SP81-3250. This efficiency will be determined through the calculation methods: PCI - lower calorific value, PCS - higher calorific value and direct method. These cultivars were planted in the south-central region of Brazil where the largest sugar cane producers in the country are located. The results obtained show the importance of the energy analysis that each cultivar provides for energy cogeneration, as well as the benefits that will directly influence its production chain for controlled management. Among the benefits of controlled management are: maximizing processes and optimizing the energy use of each cultivar. The optimum efficiency of the boiler in energy production in relation to steam production depends on the intrinsic variables of each cultivar, such as bagasse and moisture content. When calculating the boiler efficiency, the SP 80-1816 variety proved to be more advantageous in relation to the others, considering the same characteristics of the production process, planting region, harvest time and the same type of boiler used. Still related to the study, the cultivar SP 80-1816 requires a smaller amount of bagasse in the boiler feed to produce heat, which results in greater energy production considering the same amount of bagasse of the studied varieties.
Combinação de monensina, virginiamicina, micros minerais e leveduras sobre o perfil bioquímico no sangue e stress oxidativo no plasma, fígado e músculo de bovinos alimentados com dieta de alto grão
Authors: Tagiariolli Murilo Augusto , Duarte Vanessa , Matos Aylle Medeiros , Carvalho Venício Macêdo , Bonin Edinéia , Prado Rodolpho Martin do , Maróstica Heloisa Vialle Pereira , Comar Jurandir Fernando , Silva Luiz Fernando Costa e , Prado Ivanor Nunes do
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar o efeito da combinação da monensina, virginiamicina e micros minerais + leveduras (Avantage-Confinamento®) sobre o hemograma, estresse oxidativo e atividade antioxidante no plasma sanguíneo, fígado e músculo de bovinos alimentados com dieta alto grão. Um total de 36 touros (Europeu vs. Nelore), com idade média de 24 ± 3,2 meses e peso vivo médio inicial de 385,5 ± 3,84 kg foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro dietas e nove repetições por dieta. A dieta basal foi composta por 850 g/kg de MS de concentrado e 150 g/kg de MS de silagem de milho, fornecida ad libitum por 84 dias. A composição da dieta foi a mesma para todos os animais. As quarto dietas foram: CONT – dieta basal; MONE – dieta basal e inclusão de 30 mg/kg de matéria seca de monensina; MO+VI – dieta basal e inclusão de 30 mg/kg de monensina + 30 mg/kg da matéria seca de virginiamicina; MO+AD – dieta basal e inclusão de 30 mg/kg de monensina + 3,0 g/kg da matéria seca de micros minerais e Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Advantage™ Confinamento). Dentre as variáveis relacionadas ao perfil bioquímico, houve alteração no volume corpuscular médio, creatinina e ureia ao longo dos dias de confinamento. Os parâmetros de avaliação do fígado, avaliado por marcador oxidativo e antioxidante não foram influenciados pelas dietas experimentais. Para os parâmetros de avalição do estado oxidativo na carne, observou-se que inclusão dos aditivos reduziu o dano oxidativo, descarbonilação da proteína muscular, e que os bovinos alimentados com dietas suplementadas com monensina + virginiamicina ou monensina associada com microminerais + leveduras aumentaram a concentração muscular de GSH, em comparação a dieta CONT e MONE.
Possible Factors Affecting Pre-School Children's Irregular Posture Formation
Authors: Daniusevičiūtė-Brazaitė Laura , Beistarytė Rūta
Published: November 2020

Background. A review of the health and physical activity of children and teenagers in Lithuania over the last twenty years has shown that many aspects of pupil physical capacity have deteriorated between 1992 and 2012 (Venckunas, Emeljanovas, Mieziene, & Volbekiene, 2017). Also research has shown that musculoskeletal disorders were most commonly found in children aged 4 to 6 years (Daniusevičiutė-Brazaitė & Grėbliauskienė, 2019). Therefore, if these negative trends continue, the growing health problems will pose a greater threat to human well-being and become a serious financial burden for the state and society. Currently technologies are an integral part of everyday life, so the need for interactive games or animated programs cannot be doubted. Research (Lobel, Engels, Stone, Burk, & Granic, 2017) has shown that the use of play-based intervention for children significantly improves fine and visual motor performance. Hence, it is important to identify the possible factors affecting pre-school children’s irregular posture formation.

Methods. The study included 377 preschool children from 4 to 6 years old. Three evaluations were performed in the study: posture (using W. K. Hoeger posture assessment methodology), abdominal and back muscle endurance, and balance (Arcinavičius,, Kesminas, & Milčarek, 2004).

Results. Assessing the results of the shoulder position of 5-year-old children, results showed that only 16% had good shoulder posture, satisfactory – 74%, bad – 10%. Age was found to have no effect on posture assessment results. According to the study, balance, back, and abdominal functional capacity were better in 6-year-old children.

Conclusion. After analyzing 4-year old children group torso, abdomen, lower spine and legs, we can see that a higher percentage of children had a satisfactory posture in the aforementioned body parts. According to the posture results, the most abnormal part of the body was the abdomen. The study data showed that 6-year-old subjects’ balance, lower spine and abdominal performance were better compared to other age groups.

Keywords: preschool child, physical activity, posture.
Symbol of light in “Paternal lantern” by Roman Fedoriv
Authors: Hirniak Mariana
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with the novel “Paternal Lantern” by Roman Fedoriv, namely with the symbolic meanings the light acquires according to its material representation in the work. The writer interprets this symbol, common for the cultures of the whole world, in a rather original way. In the novel, the sunlight is associated with the human internal strength and power of nature; it is a precondition for life as well as evidence of righteous existence on earth. The sunset symbolizes approaching death and thereby manifests the man’s need to rethink his way of life. The fire is a source of light and heat, and even, in accordance with ancestral beliefs, an abode of the deity; therefore it is frequently treated as a guarantee of family’s happiness and longevity, as a patron of the house. The fire has the power to clear evil and passions out; however, it also symbolizes love, which needs care not less than a bonfire. The ambivalence of the fire, namely the fire of life and the one of death, caused by its origin and destination, represents opposite principles of the universe. The ‘free’ fire, lit in the open air due to the community’s will, resembles the lantern of Halychyna land for the novel’s characters. Hidden in the depths of human being, the outbursts of anger, the experience of happiness and joy, and still untapped potential, which makes a person capable of making great things, are also associated with fire. The candle symbolizing “light that enlightens everyone” accompanies characters’ good thoughts and actions, it can be a prophetic sign or guide to the afterlife. The function of ‘lantern’ in the novel is also performed by the things related not to the physical light but the shine of life, insight, and true understanding. These are home (native land), a righteous person, art and texts, minstrels, scholars and teachers that bring enlightenment to the people, help them search for truth and pass it on to the next generations leaving the trace of light in their descendants’ memory.
Gender As The Missing Component In The Turkish Climate Change Policies And Academic Papers | İklim Değişikliği Politikalarının ve Akademik Makalelerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Perspektifi Açısından Sorgulanması
Authors: KÜLCÜR Rakibe
Published: November 2020

Turkey is extremely vulnerable to the adverse consequences of climate change due to its location. The effects of climate change are not gender neutral and women are more vulnerable than men to adverse effects of climate change. Although the implications of gender in relation to climate change has been extensively researched in the Global South and has started to emerge in the Global North, gender dimensions and analysis of climate change is absent from public policy discussions and academic papers in Turkey. This paper has a dual aim of revealing the gender invisibility with regard to climate change in academic literature and in the national climate change policies in Turkey as well as of increasing the academic understanding of gender dimensions of climate change to inform the public policy in the country. To this end, a combination of broad systematic literature review and document analysis method were used. In addition, decision-making bodies were analysed. I argue that the absence of critical gender analysis in policy and research in relation to climate change reduces the country’s ability to develop adequate adaptation and mitigation strategies since the impacts of climate change can exacerbate existing inequalities with regard to gender. This failure may weaken Turkey’s positions in the international climate change politics and the harmonisation with the European Union.
Atopik Dermatiti Olan Çocuklarda Hematolojik ve Alerjik Değerler Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ÖZDİN Mehmet
Published: November 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amacımız; Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (SÜEAH) Pediatrik Dermatoloji Polikliniklerine müracaat eden pediatrik yaş grubunda Atopik Dermatit (AD) hastalarında, periferik kandan ölçülebilen nötrofil lenfosit oranı (NLO), trombosit lenfosit oranı (TLO), eozinofil lenfosit oranı (ELO) ile serum total immün globobülin E (T-IgE) değerleri ve kan eozinofil sayısını tespit etmek AD ile bu parametreler arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya dahil ettiğimiz hastalara ait veriler 01.01.2018 ile 31.10.2019 tarihleri arasında müracaat eden AD hastalarından hastane bilgi yönetimi sistemi (HBYS) üzerinden retrospektif olarak elde edildi. Kontrol grubuna alerjik hastalığı, enfeksiyonu veya kronik bir hastalığı olanlar dahil edilmedi. Bulgular: Çalışma kriterlerine uyan 30 AD hastasının 8 kız, 22 erkek olup, yaş ortalaması 9.33±5.84 olarak tespit edildi. Kontrol grubunda 30 olgunun 12’si kız, 18’i erkek olmak üzere yaş ortalaması 10.69±4.69 olarak belirlendi. AD hastalarının T-IgE değerleri 304.48±25.81 IU/mL, eozinofil düzeyleri ortalama 1.39±0.29 K/uL, NLO 2.23±1.19, TLO 123.69±41.99, ELO 0.133±0.111 olarak tespit edildi. Kontrol grubunun T-IgE değerleri 41.03±6.18 IU/mL, eozinofil düzeyleri ortalama 0.39±0.09 K/uL, NLO 1.73±0.61, 107.66±35.30, ELO 0.071±0.049 olarak tespit edildi. AD hastaları ile kontrol grubu istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldığında T-IgE, Eozinofil, NLO, ELO değerleri arasında (p0.05) olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda AD hastalarında NLO, TLO, ELO ile T-IgE değerleri ile kan eozinofil düzeyleri yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu parametrelerin bu hastalığın teşhis ve takibinde önemli olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu değerlerin yüksek saptanması, daha sonraki çalışmalarda bu değerlerin referans olarak alınabilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır
2θ-Burster for Rhythm-Generating Circuits
Authors: Kelley Aaron , Shilnikov Andrey
Published: November 2020

We propose a minimalistic model called the 2θ-burster due to two slow phase characteristics of endogenous bursters, which when coupled in 3-cell neural circuits generate a multiplicity of stable rhythmic outcomes. This model offers the benefits of simplicity for designing larger neural networks along with an acute reduction in the computation cost. We developed a dynamical system framework for explaining the existence and robustness of phase-locked states in activity patterns produced by small rhythmic neural circuits. Several 3-cell configurations, from multifunctional to monostable, are considered to demonstrate the versatility of the proposed approach, allowing the network dynamics to be reduced to the examination of 2D Poincaré return maps for the phase lags between three constituent 2θ-bursters.
A Hydrogel-Based Ultrasonic Backscattering Wireless Biochemical Sensing
Authors: Nam Juhong , Byun Eunjeong , Shim Hyunji , Kim Esther , Islam Sayemul , Park Moonchul , Kim Albert , Song Seung Hyun
Published: November 2020

Wireless monitoring of the physio-biochemical information is becoming increasingly important for healthcare. In this work, we present a proof-of-concept hydrogel-based wireless biochemical sensing scheme utilizing ultrasound. The sensing system utilizes silica-nanoparticle embedded hydrogel deposited on a thin glass substrate, which presents two prominent interfaces for ultrasonic backscattering (tissue/glass and hydrogel/glass). To overcome the effect of the varying acoustic properties of the intervening biological tissues between the sensor and the external transducer, we implemented a differential mode of ultrasonic back-scattering. Here, we demonstrate a wireless pH measurement with a resolution of 0.2 pH level change and a wireless sensing range around 10 cm in a water tank.
Numerical Assessment of URM Infilled RC Frames Retrofitted With Near-Surface Mounted Reinforcing Steel Bars
Authors: Soti Rajendra , Barbosa Andre R. , Stavridis Andreas
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a study on a retrofit technique for masonry infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames. The proposed retrofit technique involves the addition of reinforcing steel bars into epoxy-filled pre-cut grooves on the surface of infill walls. The feasibility of the developed technique is initially investigated experimentally through pull-out tests conducted on near-surface mounted (NSM) reinforcing steel bars. The experimental results are used to augment an existing nonlinear finite element modeling approach used to simulate the response of RC frames with the retrofitted infill panels and to calibrate the numerical models developed. The nonlinear finite element models employ smeared-crack and zero-thickness cohesive-crack interface elements to model the RC members and masonry infills, while nonlinear truss elements are used to model the reinforcing steel bars. The modeling scheme is used to numerically simulate the performance of one- and two-bay infilled RC frames with a variety of reinforcing steel retrofit configurations under lateral loads. The results indicate that the retrofit solution can improve the deformation capacity of existing infilled frames, and its effectiveness depends on the orientation and the distribution of the NSM reinforcement steel bars that are added to the infill panels.
Deficiency of G9a Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Activates Autophagy via Transcriptionally Regulating c-Myc Expression in Glioblastoma
Authors: Ke Xiao Xue , Zhang Rui , Zhong Xi , Zhang Lei , Cui Hongjuan
Published: November 2020

Glioblastoma is an aggressive and difficult to treat cancer. Recent data have emerged implicating that histone modification level may play a crucial role in glioma genesis. The histone lysine methyltransferase G9a is mainly responsible for the mono- and di-methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9), whose overexpression is associated with a more aggressive phenotype in cancer. However, the detailed correlations between G9a and glioblastoma genesis remain to be further elucidated. Here, we show that G9a is essential for glioblastoma carcinogenesis and reveal a probable mechanism of it in cell proliferation control. We found that G9a was highly expressed in glioblastoma cells, and knockdown or inhibition of G9a significantly repressed cell proliferation and tumorigenesis ability both in vitro and in vivo. Besides, knockdown or inhibition of G9a led to a cell cycle arrest in G2 phase, as well as decreased the expression of CDK1, CDK2, Cyclin A2, and Cyclin B1, while it induced the activation of autophagy. Further investigation showed that G9a deficiency induced cell proliferation suppression, and activation of autophagy was rescued by overexpression of the full-length c-Myc. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that G9a was enriched on the −2267 to −1949 region of the c-Myc promoter in LN-229 cells and the −1949 to −1630 region of the c-Myc promoter in U-87 MG cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that c-Myc promoter activity was significantly reduced after knockdown or inhibition of G9a. Our study shows that G9a controls glioblastoma cell proliferation by transcriptionally modulating oncogene c-Myc and provides insight into the capabilities of G9a working as a potential therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
Manifold Learning and Clustering for Automated Phase Identification and Alignment in Data Driven Modeling of Batch Processes
Authors: Muñoz López Carlos André , Bhonsale Satyajeet , Peeters Kristin , Van Impe Jan F. M.
Published: November 2020

Processing data that originates from uneven, multi-phase batches is a challenge in data-driven modeling. Training predictive and monitoring models requires the data to be in the right shape to be informative. Only then can a model learn meaningful features that describe the deterministic variability of the process. The presence of multiple phases in the data, which display different correlation patterns and have an uneven duration from batch to batch, reduces the performance of the data-driven modeling methods significantly. Therefore, phase identification and alignment is a critical step and can lead to an unsuccessful modeling exercise if not applied correctly. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to perform unsupervised phase identification and alignment based on the correlation patterns found in the data. Phase identification is performed via manifold learning using t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), which is a state-of-the-art machine learning algorithm for non-linear dimensionality reduction. The application of t-SNE to a reduced cross-correlation matrix of every batch with respect to a reference batch results in data clustering in the embedded space. Models based on support vector machines (SVMs) are trained to, 1) reproduce the manifold learning obtained via t-SNE, and 2) determine the membership of the data points to a process phase. Compared to previously proposed clustering approaches for phase identification, this is an unsupervised, non-linear method. The perplexity parameter of the t-SNE algorithm can be interpreted as the estimated duration of the shortest phase in the process. The advantages of the proposed method are demonstrated through its application on an in-silico benchmark case study, and on real industrial data from two unit-operations in the large scale production of an active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The efficacy and robustness of the method are evidenced in the successful phase identification and alignment obtained for these three distinct processes, displaying smooth, sudden and repetitive phase changes. Additionally, the low complexity of the method makes feasible its online implementation.
Self-Assembly and Cascade Catalysis by a Soft-Oxometalate (SOM) System
Authors: Das Kousik , Yan Tingting , Paul Shounik , Qiu Shilun , Ben Teng , Roy Soumyajit
Published: November 2020

Cascade catalysis has gained importance due to its various applications. In this work, cascade catalysis was performed using a self-assembled soft-oxometalate (SOM) as a model system. At first, we synthesized an oxometalate (OM) hybrid with a polymerizable organic cation, namely tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane, and an OM, K8[SiW11O39]. The hybrid in turn was converted into SOM in water, DMSO mixture, and characterized by different techniques, ranging from electron microscopy to DLS. The SOM state is endowed with the ability to polymerize the aniline based counter ions associated with it in the presence of UV-light. This polymerization is possible due to the presence of photocatalytic OMs (oxometalates) in the SOMs. The polymer-SOM hybrid in cascade oxidizes selectively aniline to nitrobenzene and nitrite to nitrate owing to the residual oxidizing property of the OM constituents in it. This is the first example of cascade catalysis in SOM chemistry.
Optimal Strategy for Antiplatelet Therapy After Coronary Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in High-Risk “TWILIGHT-like” Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Hao-Yu , Cai Zhong-Xing , Yin Dong , Song Wei-Hua , Feng Lei , Gao Run-Lin , Yang Yue-Jin , Dou Ke-Fei
Published: November 2020

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are known to be at high-risk for both ischemic and bleeding complications post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The ischemic benefit vs. bleeding risk associated with extended dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in high-risk “TWILIGHT-like” patients with diabetes mellitus after PCI has not been established.

Methods: All consecutive high-risk patients fulfilling the “TWILIGHT-like” criteria undergoing PCI from January 2013 through December 2013 were identified from the prospective Fuwai PCI Registry. High-risk “TWILIGHT-like” patients were defined by at least one clinical and one angiographic feature based on the TWILIGHT trial selection criteria. The present analysis evaluated 3,425 diabetic patients with concomitant high-risk angiographic features who were event-free at 1 year after PCI. Median follow-up was 2.4 years. The primary effectiveness endpoint was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (termed major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events), and primary safety endpoint was clinically relevant bleeding according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium types 2, 3, or 5.

Results: On inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis, prolonged-term (>1-year) DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel decreased the risk of primary effectiveness endpoint compared with shorter ( ≤ 1-year) DAPT [1.8 vs. 4.3%; hazard ratio (HR)IPTW: 0.381; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.252–0.576; P < 0.001] and reduced cardiovascular death [0.1% vs. 1.8%; HRIPTW: 0.056 (0.016–0.193)]. Prolonged DAPT was also associated with a reduced risk of definite/probable stent thrombosis [0.2 vs. 0.7%; HRIPTW: 0.258 (0.083–0.802)] and non-significantly lower rate of myocardial infarction [0.5 vs. 0.8%; HRIPTW: 0.676 (0.275–1.661)]. There was no significant difference between groups in clinically relevant bleeding [1.1 vs. 1.1%; HRIPTW: 1.078 (0.519–2.241); P = 0.840). Similar results were observed in multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Conclusion: Among high-risk PCI patients with diabetes mellitus without an adverse event through 1 year, extending DAPT >1-year significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events without an increase in clinically relevant bleeding, suggesting that such high-risk diabetic patients may be good candidates for long-term DAPT.
Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Risk of New-Onset Diabetes Among Chinese Adults: Findings From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Chen Chao-lei , Liu Lin , Lo Kenneth , Huang Jia-yi , Yu Yu-ling , Huang Yu-qing , Feng Ying-qing
Published: November 2020

The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been proposed to be a surrogate of insulin resistance. In the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between TyG index and the risk of incident diabetes in middle-age and older adults in China using nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011–2015. Information on socio-demographics, medical background, anthropometric measurement, and laboratory information were collected. The association between TyG index and diabetes was examined by Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline regression, and the results were presented in hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to examine potential interactions between demographics and TyG index. Among 7,428 participants, 791 (10.6%) of them developed diabetes over 3.4 years of follow-up. The multivariate HR for every SD increment in TyG index was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.14–1.31). When comparing to the lowest quartile of TyG index, the multivariate HRs for new-onset diabetes were 1.22 (0.96–1.54) for Q2, 1.61 (1.28–2.01) for Q3, and 1.73 (1.38–2.16) for Q4 (P for trend <0.001). The restricted cubic spline regression also showed a linear association. No interaction was found between subgroup variables and the association between TyG index and the risk of diabetes. In conclusion, higher TyG index associated with the elevated risk of new-onset diabetes in middle-aged and older adults.