Efektifitas effleurage massage dalam penurunan skala nyeri haid pada mahasiswi kebidanan
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana , Miskiyah Miskiyah , Dahliana Dahliana 
Published: November 2024

Background: Dysmenorrhea is pain and cramps experienced by women during menstruation centered in the lower abdomen. Complaints of menstrual pain can vary from mild to severe and can interfere with activities. The incidence of dysmenorrhea in the world is quite high, according to WHO data the average incidence of dysmenorrhea in young women is between 16.8-81%.
Purpose: To determine the effect of effleurage massage on reducing menstrual pain.
Method: Quantitative research with quasi-experimental design with one group pre-post test approach, conducted in Midwifery Study Program, Muara Enim Health Engineering Polyclinic, Ministry of Health, Palembang, South Sumatra. Sampling using purposive sampling technique and obtained 36 participants. Effleurage massage is done using fingertips and rubbed on the stomach. Performed once a day for 15 minutes for 3 consecutive days. Univariate and bivariate data analysis using Paired sample T-test statistical test with 95% confidence level or p <0.05.
Results: The participants who experienced menarche the most in the age range of 10-12 years were 30 participants (27.8%) with the longest menstrual period experienced as many as 5 days, namely 13 participants (36.1%). On the 1st day before the intervention, the most participants experienced moderate pain as many as 24 participants (66.7%) and severe pain as many as 12 participants (33.3%). After the intervention was carried out for three consecutive days, on the 3rd day, participants who experienced moderate pain were 4 participants (11.1%) and no more participants were found experiencing severe pain. A significant value was obtained before and after the effleurage massage intervention was given to participants on day 1 to day 3 of 0.000 (<0.05).
Conclusion: Effleurage massage can reduce menstrual pain or dysmenorrhea, as indicated by a decrease in the average level of pain after the intervention and statistically obtained a sig value (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05.
 
Keywords: Dysmenorrhoea; Effleurage Massage; Menstrual Pain; Teenager.
 
Pendahuluan: Dismenore adalah nyeri dan rasa kram yang dialami oleh wanita pada saat haid yang terpusat di abdomen bawah. Keluhan nyeri haid dapat terjadi bervariasi mulai dari ringan sampai berat dan dapat mengganggu kegiatan dalam beraktivitas. Kejadian dismenore di dunia cukup tinggi, menurut data WHO rata-rata insidensi terjadinya dismenore pada wanita muda antara 16.8- 81%.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh effleurage massage terhadap penurunan nyeri haid.
Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif quasi eksperimen design dengan pendekatan one group pre-post-test, dilaksanakan di Prodi D3 Kebidanan Muara Enim Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang Sumatera Selatan. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 36 partisipan. Effleurage massage dilakukan menggunakan ujung jari tangan, melakukan usapan pada abdomen, dilakukan 1 kali dalam sehari selama 15 menit dalam kurun waktu 3 hari berturut-turut. Analisis data univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji statistic Paired sample T-test dengan derajat kepercayaan 95% atau p< 0.05.
Hasil: Sebagian besar partisipan yang mengalami menarche pada rentang usia 10-12 tahun sebanyak 30 partisipan (27.8%) dengan lama haid yang dialami paling lama 5 hari yaitu sebanyak 13 partisipan (36.1%). Pada hari ke-1 sebelum diberikan intervensi, sebagian besar partisipan mengalami nyeri sedang 24 (66.7%) dan nyeri berat sebanyak 12 (33.3%). Setelah intervensi selama tiga hari berturut-turut, pada hari ketiga partisipan yang mengalami nyeri sedang sebanyak 4 (11.1%) dan tidak lagi ditemukan partisipan yang mengalami nyeri berat. Didapatkan nilai signifikan sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi effleurage massage pada partisipan di hari ke-1 sampai ke-3 sebesar 0.000 (< 0.05).
Simpulan: Pemberian effleurage massage mampu mengurangi nyeri haid atau dismenorea, ditandai dengan terjadi penurunan rata-rata tingkat nyeri setelah intervensi dan secara uji statistik didapatkan sig (2-tailed) 0.000 < 0.05.
 
Kata Kunci: Dismenore; Effleurage Massage; Nyeri Haid; Remaja.