bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kiskunfélegyháza City Hospital and Clinic, Bath and Rehabilitation Center development and some context of patient satisfaction and logistics
Authors: Fekete Róbert , Gál József
Published: May 2018

The study of Kiskunfélegyháza hospital rehabilitation department of the launch and operation are summarized in the light of the results data. Started in May 2005, public investment is achieved, containing functional reconstruction of partial hospitalization as a result of enlargement, was delivered in September 2006, was built to exploit the thermal rehabilitation unit, which includes a 40-bed department on the first floor, the ground floor clinic rooms, the spa offers therapeutic and physiotherapy service rooms and swimming pools, the basement of mechanical rooms. A further problem in question – the subject-oriented guide to healing, health, illness, and a definition of rehabilitation took place – according to the literature. It will be determined in the prevention, injury, disability and concepts of disability in the light of the logistics. Write the process that accompanies the service, taking into account the economic aspects of the market.Have been processed under the rehabilitated patient population, patient registration data by age between 2007 and 2012. Considering the cases of the total care days are the number of transferees from other classes, social and home placement per capita average care days in the bed occupancy and the number of death cases were surveyed on written questionnaires. Rehabilitation hospital care is most effective with measurable - which can be seen in the analysis - that of the average length of more than 18 days, the bed occupancy of 100% and a mortality rate of 2%. However, the situation logistical aspects of the process can be improved further by examining the quantitative and qualitative indicators of well. The topic niche processing, rehabilitation domestic situation analysis has been very little. The results are set out proposals to increase the efficiency of operation.
The consumer judgement of the price of the traditional foods
Authors: Ferencz Árpád , Nótári Márta
Published: May 2018

Price strategy is a peculiar aspect of the marketing model called Marketing Mix. Pricing related decisions usually constitute the hardest and most sensitive set of decisions that entrepreneurs have to make. The Hungarian consumers' high price sensitivity coupled with a high demand for low-cost products and services indicates the significance of pricing in Hungary. Pricing is crucial in raising interest and winning new customers. Prices might reflect product quality, brand strength and recognition, just like product differentiation or the image of a product or its producer. Consumers of traditional region-specific horticultural and agricultural products are willing to pay a higher price in appreciation of the high quality and special character of these products as this consumer segment tends to assign emotional functions to certain product features instead of solely focusing on the functionality and usefulness of the goods.
The puff-pastry making properties of triticale flour
Authors: Czank Bernadett
Published: May 2018

The flour (100% Tc) of the triticale variety GK Szemes bred at the Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd. was tested for food purposes, namely, for puff-pastry making properties. The control dough was made of BL 55 plain wheat flour (100% BL). Flour mixtures (flour mixtures I and II) were prepared by mixing wheat flour and triticale flour to different ratios. The flours, their mixtures, and the puff-pastry made of them, respectively, were analyzed according to the terms of the Hungarian Food Codex for the following rheological traits: gluten content, falling number, farinograph water absorption, and extensibility. The data reflected that the triticale flour and wheat flour mixtures had advantageous baking industrial properties. The dough of flour mixtures was easier to handle manually than the control. The dough on flour mixture II basis was ranked higher than that of flour mixture I in terms of sensory properties. Therefore flour mixture II had been chosen to bake Chelsea bun-type puff-pastry with savoury (pizza cream) flavouring. Triticale has favourable agronomic traits and beneficial nutrition value and therefore it is expected to become a valuable food component.
The operation of an Emergency Medical Department in a county hospital from a logistic point of view
Authors: Markó Gábor , Gál József
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this article is to give an overview of the actual emergency medical attendance through an exemplary hospital in Hungary, highlighting its possible imperfections which could perhaps be improved through further structural developments. In order to be expressive, the article follows through the journey of two nominal patients who turned up in the emergency department of the hospital. The importance of this topic is expressed by the fitful judgment of the emergency attendance. Emergency service had already existed in the United States, only later then did the one-entrance service system start to develop Hungary. In some places this system has been working well for decades, but for instance at the University of Szeged – due to the uncertain judgment of the system – the construction is just being finalized, right at the time when such studies are published that question the reason of existence of the emergency departments – at least in their actual form.
Biosynthesis of xanthan gum on wastewater from confectionary industry
Authors: Bajić Bojana , Dodić Jelena , Rončević Zorana , Grahovac Jovana , Dodić Siniša , Vučurović Damjan , Tadijan Ivana
Published: May 2018

Xanthan gum is one of the major commercial biopolymers employed in many industrial processes owing to its unique physical properties such as a high degree of pseudoplasticity and high viscosity even at low concentrations. Commercially available xanthan gum is relatively expensive due to glucose or sucrose being used as the sole carbon source for its production and cost reduction could be achieved by using less expensive substrates, such as food industrial wastewaters. Effluents from the confectionery industry, because of its high organic content, are significant environmental pollutants and before their release into environment it is necessary to purify them. The present study examines xanthan production by Xanthomonas campestris under aerobic conditions on wastewaters from five different factories of the confectionery industry. Xanthan yield was obtained as a quantitative characteristic of the process and was in the range between 4.28 g/L and 10.03 g/L and its quality is determined by following rheological characteristics of obtained cultivation media. The results obtained in this study indicate that wastewater from confectionary industry can be used as the basis of media for the production of this highly valuable product.
Characterization of polymer membranes by contact angle goniometer
Authors: Kertész Szabolcs , De Freitas T. B. , Hodúr Cecília
Published: May 2018

The wider applications of all membrane separation processes have a main obstacle, namely the fouling phenomena, which have to be understood in more details. Surface properties, hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics of a polymer membrane can be determined by measuring the contact angle. The hydrophilicity of a membrane has an important influence on its performances, like permeate flux, membrane rejection or membrane fouling characteristics. In our work the contact angles of three kinds of typically commercial ultrafiltration (UF-PES-4), nanofiltration (NE-90) and reverse osmosis (LFC-30) membranes were firstly investigated and compared by contact angle goniometer measurements. The relationships between the contact angles were researched by well considering the effects of membrane sample pretreatments by distilled water prewetting and water droplet volume. Furthermore, the effects of prewetting, water droplet contact time on different molecular weight cut-off ultrafiltration membranes’ surface and droplet pH on the contact angle values were also investigated. Moreover, fresh, clean and dry, as well as pretreated, and fouled UF membranes were also measured and compared.
Experimental applications of artificial neural networks in Engineering Processing System
Authors: Dadvandipour Samad
Published: May 2018

Artificial Neural Networks along with Image Processing Systems have proven to be successful, particularly in the domains of mathematics, science and technology. They have gained quite notable advantages beyond classical learning, as their usable engagement are observable in many fields of scientific environment related to the relevant systems. This paper presents a model for identifying the small components parts. The model may be significant in various industries mainly in engineering processing system areas. The objective of the study is to apply Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in Image Processing System (IPS) with feed forward structure to detect, and recognize different parts or any other environment products on a moving conveyor bel. In the proposed model, we have used appropriate method of edge detection. The edge detection realizes artificial neural network with noise. The paper emphasizes the implementation of the model considering functionality, parts images, accurate detection and identifying the different components. The result shows that the model can detect moving objects (products of many kinds) accurately on the conveyor belt with very high success rate and sort them accordingly for further processes.
The Contribution Modelling Gasoline Injection at engines with spark lighting
Authors: Blaga V. , Daroczi C.
Published: May 2018

The authors present the general aspects of theoretical modeling of gasoline injection, the principle modeling of some of the elements of gasoline injection, namely the gasoline pump model and the pressure regulator model. It is presented the general model of a spark engine with gasoline injection. The modeling of the motor cycles with spark engines and gasoline injection suggested by the authors is realized by executing a computer program for determining the variation of the three-dimensional and bi-dimensional parameters with the sub-programs: program for calculating the SIE (dependence according to n and lat to = -35...+45 ºC and po = 1·102 kPa); program for calculating the SIE (dependence according to n and to at l = 1 and po = 1·102 kPa); program for calculating the SIE cycle with gasoline injection. It was realized a study for calculating the pressure from the admission gallery pga and the admission pressure pa.
Improvement of Water Vapor Barrier Properties of Chitosan-Collagen Laminated Casings using Beeswax
Authors: Hromiš Nevena M. , Lazić Vera L. , Šuput Danijela Z. , Popović Senka Z. , Tomović Vladimir M.
Published: May 2018

Collagen casings are commercially used in sausage production. In this paper, collagen film that is used for sausage casings was laminated with chitosan film to produce barrier casing film. Chitosan coating was prepared by dissolving chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid. After dissolving chitosan, caraway essential oil, wetting agent Tween 20 and different amounts of beeswax, from 0 to 25 g were added to the solution. The solution was coated on collagen film surface in three layers, using a sponge brush to make laminated films. Films were air dried at temperature t = 23 °C ± 2 °C. Uncoated collagen film was used as reference. Film thickness, water vapor barrier properties and FTIR spectra were determined. With growing amount of beeswax added to the chitosan layer, film thickness grew from 112 µm for laminated film with 5 g of beeswax to 225 µm for film with 25 g of beeswax, compared to 83 µm for collagen film. Water vapor barrier properties improved with growing amount of beeswax in chitosan layer, ranging from 130.71 g/m224h for laminated film with added 5 g of beeswax to 66.96 g/m224h for the film with 25 g of beeswax, compared to 290.64 g/m224h for collagen film. Addition of beeswax showed great potential in lowering water vapor permeability of laminated collagen-chitosan film. FTIR spectra could be used to determine quantitative law dependency between added amount of beeswax and spectra absorption values,as well as to prove compactness of chitosan-beeswax layer.
Innovation at Paks Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Zsilák Mihály , Nagy Valéria
Published: May 2018

In the summer of 2014 at the Maintenance Division of Paks Nuclear Power Plant Ltd. in Hungary there was an opportunity to take part in the preparatory work a new and innovative project for introduction. This is a charge-planner software support using the tests related the new fuel. The necessary calculations were completed and after obtaining the results the conclusion is that the actual 12 month operating period – the so-called campaign length – can be increased to 15 months, by using and shuffling the new fuel with higher enrichment, and by loading six fuel assemblies with gadolinium oxide into the unit. Conclusion is the new Gd-2_4.7 fuel initial expectations were met and managed to find a favorable average enrichment not only considering nuclear physics, but also economic, risk management, material structure and security points of view as well. Testing can be started in the summer of 2015, and the fuel can be loaded into Unit 3 for a test period of 365 days.
Possibilities of Increasing the Wear Resistance of Steel Chain Wheels as a Result of Changes in their Manufacturing Process
Authors: Wieczorek Andrzej N.
Published: May 2018

The paper describes the problems of the operation of chain wheels of armoured face conveyors and the related assurance of the required wear resistance. An analysis of the current methods of manufacturing the chain wheels used in armoured face conveyors has also been performed. It has been found that a dynamic surface treatment can be used in the process of manufacture of these elements. As a part of the study, the results of wear tests for the standard and modernized variants of chain barrels have been presented, which confirmed the validity of the changes made in the process.
Canteen reform from the perspective of the parents of nursery children in Békéscsaba
Authors: Lendvai Edina , Varga K , Hampel György
Published: May 2018

It is important to provide sufficient quantity of good quality food for young children. The bases of healthy diet should be learned as a child and nurseries have an important role in shaping the children’s eating habits and forming their taste. This paper summarizes research results about the canteen reform introduced in nurseries on 1st January, 2015. A total of 140 questionnaires were collected from parents or grandparents of the young children attending nurseries in Békéscsaba. We asked them about their pre-reform and post-reform opinions on the children’s food and what they think of the implemented reform. The answers indicated that the parents were satisfied with the nursery caretakers who always gave detailed information about the child’s meal and provided the possibility to discuss problems, most of the parents were well informed about the the nursery canteen reform and the majority agreed with it. Our proposals based on the research are: The parents should have more influence and their opinion should be asked about the catering of their children. Opinions of the nursery caretakers and the catering managers should also be considered, since they spend a lot of time with the young children at the nursery. The changes in the nursery catering should have been implemented more gradually.
Floral and Geographical origin Identification of Hungarian Honey With Electronic Tongue and Classical Analytical Methods
Authors: Koncz Fanni Adrienn
Published: May 2018

Honey has been widely used for health care and as sweetener since the ancient times. Due to its great nutritional value and its high price, honey is one of the most adulterated products on the market. Therefore, there is a need to develop new quick measurement methods to recognize the adulteration. Almost 80 authentic honey samples of different floral and geographical origins were collected for our experiments, focusing mainly on Hungarian honey. Various analytical methods were used for the determination of the nutritional values of the honey samples, e.g. antioxidant capacity, polyphenol content, ash content, pH, conductivity, etc. These measurements aim to complete the scarcely available data on Hungarian honeys. In addition, we determined sensory properties by color and electronic tongue analyses. Electronic tongue enables easy sample preparation and results are delivered in a short time. Evaluating the results by different multivariate statistical methods, determination of the floral and geographical origin of the samples was possible based on the results of the electronic tongue measurements. The results achieved with these classifications methods have proven by building up a robust database electronic tongue can be used for origin authentication of domestic honey samples.
Investigation of Multivariate Statistical Process Control in R Enviroment
Authors: Mihalkó József , Rajkó Róbert
Published: May 2018

At the first stage of our work, the theoretical knowledge needed to use the multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) was explored. Last year, we clarified the sometimes confused concepts, equations, and formulas [1]. At the se­cond stage, R project simulation studies and some food industrial practical model investigations are carried out for con­firming the MSPC advantages compared with the univariate ones. Furthermore, we analyse, using principal component analysis (PCA), what could cause the outlying values. Moreover, we will demonstrate how to use the MYT-decomposition.
Desenvolvimento de um gerador estocástico de fraturas para modelagem de aquíferos fraturados – módulo I da ferramenta Fratcond
Authors: Reis Alan , Alamy Filho José Eduardo
Published: May 2018

A modelagem de águas subterrâneas em meios fraturados é extremamente dependente da geometria e da disposição das fraturas nestes meios. Observa-se que tais descontinuidades se transformam em caminhos preferenciais para os escoamentos, ao se considerar as diferenças de condutividade hidráulica e permeabilidade entre estas e a matriz rochosa ao seu entorno. Em virtude das dificuldades de levantamento completo dos dados de caracterização das fraturas em campo, é comum a utilização de abordagens estatísticas e estocásticas, visando a geração de redes de fraturas, que possibilitem a modelagem dos escoamentos nestas descontinuidades. Neste sentido, este trabalho visa apresentar a implementação de um gerador estocástico de fraturas discretas tridimensionais, desenvolvido em ambiente MATLAB para a obtenção das geometrias de meios fraturados. Tal geração leva em conta as funções de densidade de probabilidade comumente visualizadas para a posição, o comprimento, a abertura e a orientação das fraturas. A partir de dados estatísticos para estas funções, a ferramenta fornece como resultados a caracterização das fraturas geradas, que pode ser visualizada por meio de gráficos e planilhas, além de possibilitar sua posterior modelagem hidráulica.
Relationship between alexithymia and empathy in nursing and midwifery students
Hemşirelik ve ebelik öğrencilerinde aleksitimi ile empati arasındaki ilişki
Authors: Yalnızoğlu Çaka Sinem , Topal Sümeyra , Nemut Tijen , Çınar Nursan
Published: May 2018

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the relationship between alexithymia and empathy in nursing and midwifery students. Method: This descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study was performed 240 students who volunteered to participate in the study on the date during which data were collected studying at the nursing and midwifery department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of a state university during the 2016-2017 Spring Semester. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Basic Empathy Scale (BES) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Frequency, percentage, mean, Mann-Whitney U test for binary groups, Kruskal-Wallis H Test and Spearman correlation analysis test for more than two groups were used in the evaluation of data. Findings: The average age of 240 students who participated in the study was 21.72±1.30 years, and 66.3% of them (n=159) were nursing students while 33.7% of them (n=81) were midwifery students. When the averages of the TAS-20 scores were examined, it was determined that 15.4% (n=37) of the students had a score of 61 or more and included alexithymic group. There was a significant negative relationship between the BES and TAS-20 (r=-.167, p=.010). Conclusion: It is observed that there is a negative relationship between students' alexithymia and empathy and that individuals without alexithymia tendency have higher empathy developing skills.  Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetAmaç: Bu araştırma, hemşirelik ve ebelik bölümü öğrencilerinde aleksitimi ile empati arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı, ilişki arayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikte yapılan çalışma, 2016-2017 Bahar Yarıyılı’nda verilerin toplandığı tarihte çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü 240 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Temel Empati Ölçeği (TEÖ) ve Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği (TAÖ-20) kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; frekans, yüzde, ortalama, ikili gruplarda Mann Whitney U Testi, ikiden fazla gruplarda Kruskal Wallis-H testi ve Spearmen korelasyon analiz testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan 240 öğrencinin yaş ortalamaları 21.72±1.30, %66.3’ü (n=159)  hemşirelik ve %33.7’si (n=81) ebelik öğrencisi idi. TAÖ-20 puan ortalamaları incelendiğinde, öğrencilerin %15.4’ünün (n=37) 61 ve üstü puan alarak aleksitimik gruba dahil olduğu saptandı. TEÖ ve TAÖ-20 ölçekleri arasında zıt yönde anlamlı düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu saptandı (r=-.167, p=.010). Sonuç: Öğrencilerin aleksitimi ile empati arasında zıt yönde bir ilişki olduğu, aleksitimi eğilimi olmayan bireylerin empati kurma yeteneklerinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir.
Amino acids digestibility of pelleted microparticle protein of fish meal and soybean meal in broiler chickens
Authors: Suthama N. , Wibawa P. J.
Published: May 2018

Commom protein sources for poultry, fish meal and soybean meal, were ground to obtain reduced particle size. The particle was then dissolved in distilled water (1 : 4 w/v), and added with 2 mL virgin coconut oil for every 500 mL solution prior to ultrasound transducer (ultrasonic bath) treatment to obtain protein microparticle. Reducing particle size is one possible way to increase protein utilization.180 birds were used for forced feeding and 10 other birds were plotted for endogenous correction, when they were one month and a half old. Microparticle protein of both ingredients were tested separately in either mash or pelleted forms and compared to intact protein. Completely randomized design with 3 treatments (intact, mash, and pellet) and 6 replications (10 bidrs each) was arranged for the respective ingredient. Protein and essential amino acid digestibilities, and calcium retention were the parameters measured. Analysis of variance continued to Duncan test were applied to statistically evaluate the data. Pelleted microparticle protein of fish meal and soybean meal, respectively, resulted in significantly (P<0.05) highest protein and amino acids digestibilities, and Ca retention although lower disgestibility of fewer amino acids was found in mash form. In conclusion, pelleted form of microparticle protein of either fish meal or soybean meal improve protein and mostly amino acids digestibilities, and calcium retention in broiler.
Application of analytic element method in hydrogeology
Authors: Kaluđerović Dragan , Koren Eva , Vižintin Goran
Published: May 2018

The analytic element method (AEM) has been successfully used in practice worldwide for many years. This method provides the possibility of fast preliminary quantitative analysis of the hydrogeological systems or boundary conditions of the numerical models, as it is shown in the case study of groundwater source of the city of Vrbas. The AEM is also applicable for the initial analysis of a hydrogeological system, which is of particular importance in case of excess pollution that cannot be predicted where it could happen. One example of the application of the AEM is presented in this article. The analytical model is calibrated based on the measured data from several drilled monitoring wells, and this was the base for the numerical model of the contaminant transport. In this case, the AEM enabled the quick access to information on the hydrogeological system and effective response to excess pollution.
Margarita Godínez Los gigantes de la angustia. Ensayos sobre literatura austriaca contemporánea La Rana, Guanajuato, 2008
Authors: Kurz Andreas
Published: May 2018

Margarita Godínez Los gigantes de la angustia. Ensayos sobre literatura austriaca contemporánea La Rana, Guanajuato, 2008
Crueldad, paternalismo y estilo tragicómico en Memorias póstumas de Blas Cubas de Joaquín María Machado de Assis
Authors: Ramírez Santacruz Francisco
Published: May 2018

A Mâo e a Luva (1874), Helena (1876) e Iaiá Garcia (1878), tres de las cuatro primeras novelas de Joaquín María Machado de Assis, el novelista brasileño más importante del siglo XIX, se ocupan del problema del paternalismo en el terreno de las relaciones amorosas y de la humillación de las mujeres que esta situación conlleva.1 Por lo mismo no sorprende que en dos ocasiones dichas obras hagan una referencia explícita a la mujer en el título. En efecto, Machado de Assis, sin par en el ámbito latinoamericano de su tiempo, se ocupó constantemente del problema de la relación entre la clase dominante y la clase libre (pero sin trabajo) partiendo de la figura femenina, poniendo así sobre la mesa uno de los problemas claves, pero prohibidos, de su época. En su quinta novela, Memorias póstumas de Blas Cubas (1880), nuestro autor inaugura el realismo en Brasil y dedica espléndidas páginas al tema de marras.
Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Torque Ratios of Professional Male Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baroni Bruno Manfredini , Ruas Cassio Victora , Ribeiro-Alvares João Breno , Pinto Ronei Silveira
Published: May 2018

Baroni, BM, Ruas, CV, Ribeiro-Alvares, JB, and Pinto, RS. Hamstring-to-quadriceps torque ratios of professional male soccer players: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 34(1): 281–293, 2020—The goal of this review was to determine the isokinetic hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) torque ratios of professional male soccer players. Systematic searches were independently carried out by 2 researchers in 7 electronic databases. Only studies with teams from the first or second national leagues were included. From these studies, we extracted the players' H/Q conventional (concentric/concentric) and/or functional (eccentric/concentric) ratios. The initial search resulted in 2,128 articles that were filtered to 30 articles (1,727 players) meeting the inclusion criteria. The H/Q conventional ratio was assessed in 27 studies (1,274 players), whereas the H/Q functional ratio was assessed in 15 studies (1,082 players). The H/Q conventional ratio mean scores of professional male soccer players were close to 60% when tested at low to intermediate angular velocities (12°·s−1 = 52 ± 7%; 30°·s−1 = 52 ± 8%; 60°·s−1 = 65 ± 12%; 90°·s−1 = 57 ± 6%; 120°·s−1 = 65 ± 16%; 180°·s−1 = 67 ± 17%) and around 70–80% at fast angular velocities (240°·s−1 = 80 ± 40%; 300°·s−1 = 70 ± 15%; 360°·s−1 = 80 ± 13%). The H/Q functional ratio mean scores of professional male soccer players were close to 80% at 60°·s−1 (79 ± 19%), around 100–130% at intermediate to fast angular velocities (120°·s−1 = 127 ± 42%; 180°·s−1 = 96 ± 19%; 240°·s−1 = 109 ± 22%; 300°·s−1 = 123 ± 18%), and near or above 130% when angular testing velocities were mixed (eccentric hamstring < concentric quadriceps; 30/240°·s−1 = 132 ± 26%; 60/180°·s−1 = 129 ± 20%; 60/240°·s−1 = 153 ± 30%). In conclusion, considering the tested isokinetic angular velocity, professional male soccer players do not meet the traditional reference landmarks used to assess the strength balance between quadriceps and hamstring muscles (i.e., 60 and 100% for H/Q conventional and functional ratios, respectively), which supports a need for specific reference values according to the angular velocity selected for testing H/Q torque ratios.
Coastal Conservation, Politics, and a New Commission
Authors: Osborne Thomas J.
Published: May 2018

Set against the backdrop of the presidential election of 1972 and Republican Richard M. Nixon’s calculated support for the federal Coastal Zone Management Act, the failed effort in California to obtain passage of a statewide law regulating the shore is detailed, followed by enactment of Proposition 20 and the California Coastal Act. Exhilaration from passage of these two foundational state laws was short-lived as the Golden State’s next governor, Republican George Deukmejian, slashed the new Coastal Commission’s budget in the early 1980s and afterward did all he could to dismantle the agency, headed by Michael L. Fischer. By then Douglas, en route to becoming the commission’s next executive director, guided it through the hard times.
Introduction
Authors: Lockhart Ellen
Published: May 2018

This book considers the history of aesthetics by taking into account not only theories of the arts but also the rich fabric of practices relating to the world of performing bodies onstage and the music that sounded alongside them and was made by them—the works of art, music, and theater that were conspicuously about art-objecthood. The introduction sketches the broader fashion for animated statues described in the book, asking what readers can hope to gain from a detailed account of this historical phenomenon that was situated at (or near) the emergence of modern aesthetic thought, as well as the birth of a musical canon.
Conclusion
Authors: Lockhart Ellen
Published: May 2018

The conclusion summarizes some of the key findings of the book, arguing that the projects described here attest to the fact that the Pygmalion myth was a foundational theme for modern aesthetics, offering, as it did, a means of thinking about the way that the perceiving human related to the art object and about what the object, in return, did to its perceiver. It argues that while this historical moment has been understood to see the emergence of autonomy for the individual fine arts, the texts examined in this book have confirmed that, even at such moments of supposed emancipation, the materials of art acted together, partaking of one another’s essences through analogy and cooperation.
From the Womb to the Woman
Authors: Waggoner Miranda R.
Published: May 2018

This chapter traces the history and evolution of health professionals’ thinking about how medicine and public health should intervene to ensure healthy pregnancies, focusing specifically on the extent to which medical thought has implicated pre-pregnancy health and health care as influencing reproductive outcomes. Analyzing medical and public health literature from the nineteenth century through the turn of the twenty-first century, this chapter reveals how medical faith in prenatal care—and its attendant focus on the womb and pregnancy—declined over the course of the twentieth century. As a result of this and other demographic and political changes, pre-pregnancy discourse resurged in the medical literature—shifting, in many ways, the locus of risk for a healthy pregnancy from the womb to the woman.
Whither Women’s Health?
Authors: Waggoner Miranda R.
Published: May 2018

This chapter reflects on the state of women’s health care and the policy that undergirds the contemporary vibrancy of the pre-pregnancy care framework. It explains why pre-pregnancy care was initially met with opposing interpretations about its vision and potential efficacy. Analyzing interview data in conjunction with historical materials, this chapter shows that pre-pregnancy care was, in part, created to advance reproductive justice by bridging the long-divided realms of maternal care and reproductive care. By traversing the boundaries of entrenched reproductive silos, the pre-pregnancy care model expanded health care during women’s reproductive years—an outcome that seemingly served progressive goals. However, the idea of couching women’s health in terms of their maternity status followed a long tradition of maternalism in American policymaking, further entangling motherhood and womanhood.
Governing Risk, Governing Women
Authors: Waggoner Miranda R.
Published: May 2018

This concluding chapter revisits the social and medical trends that have intersected with recent knowledge shifts in understanding pregnancy health risk, especially the contemporary tendency in medicine and public health toward the anticipation of risk, the persistence of cultural and medical assumptions that link all reproductive outcomes to women’s individual behaviors, and the ongoing debates in reproductive politics that hinder discussions about comprehensive women’s health care. This chapter ends by considering ways to think through, with, and beyond the pre-pregnancy care model in women’s health policy.
Introduction
Authors: Sopranzetti Claudio
Published: May 2018

This introduction reconstructs the author’s entrance into the field, the beginning of his research in Thailand, and the initial reason to conduct research on the motorcycle taxi drivers in Bangkok. It shows the ethnographic and theoretical value of this work. The chapter follows the author’s trajectory from wanting to study how mobility operates in a metropolis of fifteen million people to finding himself in the midst of the largest social movement in Thai history.
The Dangers of Mobility
Authors: Sopranzetti Claudio
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores the drivers’ role in knitting together Bangkok’s territory, its daily activities, and its dwellers. It analyzes their everyday life as urban infrastructure and as producers of the channels through which the city circulates. This position requires the drivers to adjust and synchronize to the multiple rhythms of nature, urban capitalism, and city life. Bangkok is the product not only of epochal processes of construction, destruction, and layering but also of continuous assembling and reassembling through the actions of a variety of networks and actors. The drivers are pivotal to this everyday production and, as they weave the city together, they strive to move their own lives along the channels they create. Sometimes they succeed and set their own futures in motion. At other times they do not, and they find themselves stuck and exhausted at the side of the road, ready for their last ride all the way back to small, cramped rooms in the urban periphery.
The Paradoxes of Freedom
Authors: Sopranzetti Claudio
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the discourse of freedom among motorcycle taxi drivers and the practices, both emancipatory and oppressive, that it supports and makes possible. It explores the central role of freedom in their self-construction as successful migrants, entrepreneurial subjects, and autonomous urban dwellers, as well as its relations to capitalist restructuring and precarity in post-crisis Thailand. Freedom offers a way for precarious workers—such as the drivers—to consciously make sense of and make do with political, economic, social, and conceptual shifts that are taking place around them. In this sense, this chapter explores the construction of consent in contemporary Thailand without falling into the trap of assigning false consciousness to the drivers or of framing them as subjugated subjects. Rather, it locates the effectiveness of the ‘itsaraphāp discourse precisely in its ability to connect preexisting forms of exploitation, personal desires, and aspirations with a restructuring of the relations between capital and labor in contemporary Bangkok.
Fighting over the State
Authors: Sopranzetti Claudio
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores Thaksin Shinawatra’s plan to bring the informal and illicit economy under his government’s control as an attempt to cut off from its profit state officials who used authority (amnāt) to exert influence (itthiphon). Aware that elected governments historically faced significant opposition and resistance from bureaucratic and military forces, Thaksin wanted to take away their financial resources. This, he hoped, would be a first step toward bringing them under his control and establishing his domination over the state. Much like the plans to restructure Bangkok, however, Thaksin’s vision encountered significant resistance, both on the streets and inside the corridors of state offices. His policies triggered a series of processes with spillover effects and unintended consequences. At the street level, the formalization of motorcycle taxis ended up pushing these atomized driver-entrepreneurs to mobilize into a significant collective force, one that initially unified to criticize Thaksin and question his leadership. In the halls of power, Thaksin’s attempt to bring other state forces under his control ended up unifying them in opposition to him, sowing the seeds of his demise. This chapter reconstructs both dynamics—the struggle that ensued during Thaksin’s time in office and the shifting alliances that they generated.
Fruit
Authors: McKanan Dan
Published: May 2018

Anthroposophy’s contribution to environmentalism is evident not only in biodynamic agriculture and green banking but also across the spectrum of anthroposophical initiatives. One of the most holistic movements inspired by Steiner is the international network of Camphill communities, where people with and without developmental disabilities share daily life and work, often in agricultural settings. Camphill communities often function as innovative ecovillages, embracing carbon-neutral energy systems, biological wastewater treatment, and a variety of social enterprises. By linking concern with the natural world to concern for human health and well-being, they challenge the environmental movement to broaden its vision of ecology.
Conclusion
Authors: Avieli Nir
Published: May 2018

This concluding chapter points to two culinary trends in contemporary Israel that emerge at the intersection of food and power. First, it argues that the Israeli culinary sphere has been very much “orientalized.” The process of mizruah (orientalization) involves fierce conflicts in the political, socioeconomic, and cultural arenas, Mizrahi food is embraced by members of all the ethnic groups in Israel. In this sense, Israeli kitchens and food events celebrate mizrahiyut. Second, the chapter points out that power in the Israeli culinary sphere entails, and is treated with, ambivalence. The meanings which Israelis attribute to their food and foodways expose their take on power: they indulge in their power and celebrate their might but simultaneously perceive of themselves as the ultimate and eternal victims and as completely powerless.
“A Wave of Crime”
Authors: Kelly Matthew Kraig
Published: May 2018

This chapter begins by observing a difference between the British and Zionist crimino-national framings of the rebellion. The British initially portrayed both the Arab work stoppage and violence as criminal behavior, but they acknowledged that the strike was widely popular among Arab Palestinians. The Zionists went further, insisting that the strike and the revolt were both the work of a criminal Arab leadership, which had coerced the docile Arab masses into supporting them. The chapter goes on to chart the steady British drift toward the Zionist position and to detail the political circumstances that occasioned this drift. Chief among these circumstances was a dilemma. The British had predicated their post-WWI occupation of the Middle East on London's support of the national aspirations of the region's inhabitants. They were therefore poorly positioned to recognize His Majesty's role in stifling those aspirations.
“The Policy Is the Criminal”
Authors: Kelly Matthew Kraig
Published: May 2018

This chapter charts the struggle between the Arabs, on the one hand, and the British and the Jews, on the other, to characterize one another as criminals and themselves as nationalists. It explores in more detail the Zionist claim that the rebellion was the work of a criminal cabal working at the behest of the Arab Higher Committee, including that claim's recurrence in the scholarship on the revolt. This exploration reveals that the "strong crimino-national claim" of the Zionists was without merit and appeared plausible only to the extent that British violence in Palestine was regarded as a priori legitimate (as it was by most Britons and Jews). The chapter goes on to detail the Arab response to the British and Zionist attempts to portray the revolt as a "crime wave," which was to reverse the charge. It then discusses Arab attacks on Jewish noncombatants and how Zionist leaders mobilized these atrocities to bolster the "crime wave" framing of the rebellion.
The Peel Commission Reconsidered
Authors: Kelly Matthew Kraig
Published: May 2018

This chapter argues for a revised understanding of the circumstances occasioning the rebellion's recommencement in October 1937, one taking into account the policy of “vicarious punishment” that the British initiated in the aftermath of the publication of the report of the Palestine Royal Commission. The chapter also argues for a revised understanding of the most prominent British critic of partition, the Foreign Office’s George Rendel. Rendel’s posthumous reputation has suffered dearly at the hands of Elie Kedourie, who characterized his anti-partitionist stance, as well as his critique of the British criminalization of the revolt, as the peculiar preoccupations of a delusional mind. The chapter argues, on the contrary, that Rendel was among the least deluded of British high officials in 1937–38. While his estimation of regional Arab loyalty to Palestine proved erroneous, his judgment regarding the folly of British repression in Palestine proved sound. The primary consequence of increased British repression in 1937–38 was the strengthening of popular Arab support for the revolt.
New Policy, New Crime
Authors: Kelly Matthew Kraig
Published: May 2018

This chapter details London's two-pronged strategy for undoing the immense rebel gains of 1938. The first prong was to significantly tighten British control over the Arab population of Palestine through a restrictive regime of travel permits and identification cards and also through violent repression in the villages and major cities. The second prong was to abort the Balfour Declaration and wind down Jewish immigration into Palestine, so as to drain away support for the rebel movement by at least partially meeting popular Palestinian demands. In addition to the military effort this strategy entailed, it also involved a significant propaganda effort aimed mainly at the British public. This effort sought to rationalize the dramatic British reversal involved in negotiating with Arab Palestinian leaders that London had hitherto deemed criminals.
Conclusion
Authors: Kelly Matthew Kraig
Published: May 2018

The chapter summarizes the findings of the book, suggesting that it has bolstered three main contentions. First, the British were causally implicated in the Palestinian Great Revolt at a fundamental level and in a manner that prior histories of the rebellion have failed to appreciate. Second, the British were afflicted in Palestine as much by their blinkered imperial vision as they were by rebelling Arabs. And third, rather than deconstructing the British and Zionist crimino-national discourse vis-à-vis the Palestinians, the literature on the revolt has tended to reproduce that discourse. The chapter then proceeds to argue that in addition to revising the scholarly understanding of the Great Revolt, the crimino-national model has both synchronic and diachronic implications, the former relating to other interwar rebellions and the latter to the history of the Israel-Palestine conflict. The crimino-national model may likewise shed light on our understanding of such contemporary terrorist movements as al-Qaida.
Controlling Typhoid Mary
Authors: Hoppe Trevor
Published: May 2018

While quarantine was a staple of public health efforts for centuries to combat such scourges as the plague and the Spanish flu, with the advent of vaccines, antibiotics, and new treatments in the twentieth century, public health practitioners increasingly viewed quarantine as a regressive and backward approach. These revolutionary technologies effectively put an end to diseases that had once killed or maimed millions, such as polio and smallpox—leading to a new optimism among medical scientists that society might one day be rid of infectious diseases. As chronic illness replaced infectious disease as the leading cause of death in the twentieth century, public health came to view individual health behaviors—such as smoking and diet—as the primary cause of disease. Under this new individualism, smokers and the obese became the new Typhoid Mary. To control these modern health threats, public health devised new strategies, such as health marketing and education. But the volatile politics of AIDS threatened to turn back the clock on public health practice, as conservatives demanded that HIV-positive people be quarantined—or worse.
Sibling Ties
Authors: Ray Ranita
Published: May 2018

This chapter focuses on the complexities of sibling ties of the urban poor and highlights the relationship between exchange and intimacy under the constraints of poverty. It argues that located at the nexus of family and peer group, siblings play a unique role compared to peers, parents, extended family, teachers, or romantic partners. Sibling relations are a particularly important family arrangement within socioeconomically marginalized families: in such families, brothers and sisters regularly take on adult responsibilities and make contributions to the household. Older siblings help younger ones navigate school, work, neighborhood, and interactions with the police. Regular and obligatory exchange between siblings, however, often makes families unstable. The close analysis of kinship ties among Port City youth provided in this chapter challenges the simplistic preoccupation with exchange of resources (or absence thereof) within kinship systems by recognizing the costs of exchange on intimate relations, as well as accompanying emotional work. The exchange of resources within kinship networks often strain kinship ties, making them simultaneously resourceful and hostile. The family, thus, acts in paradoxical ways in the lives of the poor, providing support for upward mobility and acting as a place of hostility and conflict.
The Making of a Teenage Service Class
Authors: Ray Ranita
Published: May 2018

This chapter describes the complex and vacillating trajectory between higher education and low-wage work that defines the coming-of-age experiences of marginalized youth. Open access to certain institutions of higher education allow youth to postpone degrees indefinitely while claiming to be invested in college through isolated community college classes. This also reinforces the belief that social mobility through higher education is feasible. At the same time, emotional labor involved in the performance of low-wage service work opens up opportunities for autonomy and creativity as it generates more nuanced understandings of expertise and skills. Youth are able to creatively link the wide array of skills they deploy to satisfy their customers to a larger skillset they imagine they are developing through their isolated college classes. The big companies youth work for also convey the idea that workers at the bottom are part of the industry and can climb up the ladder to white-collar jobs through hard work and training. In the end, marginalized youth are channeled into the disposable labor force as they continue to work multiple part-time jobs at low wages while participating in higher education through isolated community college classes.