bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İKLİM-KURGU VE DİSTOPİK BİR ÖYKÜ OLARAK “GÜNÜBİRLİKÇİLER”
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Betül
Published: November 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı distopik bir iklim-kurgu olan “Günübirlikçiler” öyküsü aracılığıyla edebiyatta iklim değişikliği konusunu Türkçe alanyazında gündeme getirmektir. Araştırmanın kuramsal çerçevesi ekoeleştirel kuramlara dayanmaktadır. Yöntem, içerik analizi olup elde edilen veriler belirli kategorilere/temalara ayrılarak ekoeleştiri ve iklim değişikliği bağlamında yorumlanmaktadır. Bilindiği üzere kapitalist çıkarlar doğrultusunda endüstrileşme ozon tabakasının incelmesine, bu da iklim değişikliğine neden olmuştur. Küresel çapta sıcaklık artışı yakın bir gelecekte kuraklık, susuzluk, kıtlık, salgın hastalıklar gibi sorunları yaygınlaştıracaktır. Bu bağlamda farkındalık çağrıları sadece bilim insanları tarafından değil edebi eserler verenlerce de yapılmaktadır. Bu eserlerde iklim değişikliği ve çevre sorunları gibi konulara eğilen temalar eko-eleştiri kanonu çerçevesinde değerlendirilmektedir. Doğaya hükmeden insanın çevreye olumsuz etkisinin vurgulandığı bu eserler tabiat temelli kurgular olup bu kurgularda bazen sevgi ve hoşgörü merkezli temalar bazen de mahşerî [apokaliptik] temalar yer alır. Apokaliptik bağlamdaki eserler distopya edebiyatına dâhil edilip bu eserlerde mevcut sorunlardan yola çıkılarak olumsuz bir gelecek tasvir edilir. İklim değişikliğinin distopya türü bağlamında ele alındığı örneklerden biri de 2000 sonrası Türk edebiyatı yazarlarından Aslı Perker’in “Günübirlikçiler” öyküsüdür. Öyküde gelecek kurgusu İstanbul’daki sıcaklık ve kuraklık üzerine inşa edilmektedir. Marmara Denizi’nin suları çekilmiş, sıcaklık aşırı yükselmiş ve zenginler yaşamak üzere başka bir gezegene taşınmıştır. Çalışmada İstanbul’un şimdiden bir önlem alınmazsa karşı karşıya kalabileceği susuzluk, yüksek sıcaklık, kuraklık ve salgın hastalıklara distopik kurgunun temelleri bağlamında işaret edildiği ortaya konmaktadır. Böylece iklim değişikliğine yönelik farkındalıkta anlatı sanatının ve distopya edebiyatının rolü vurgulanmaktadır.
KLASİK ŞİİRDE TUZLA VE BAZI ÖRNEKLER
Authors: HASANOĞLU Murat
Published: November 2021

Türk kültür ve edebiyatında tuz önemli bir yere sahiptir. Gerek halk edebiyatında gerekse klasik edebiyatta şairler tuz hakkında çokça söz söylemiş, tuz ile ilgili mazmunları sık sık kullanmışlardır. Dilimizde tuz ile ilgili zengin bir deyim ve atasözü varlığı bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte halk arasında tuz ile ilgili çeşitli inanışlar da yaygındır. Tuzun kaynağı, çıkarıldığı yer, tuz toplamı olarak tuzlanın da elbette kendisinden bir parça olan tuzun söz konusu zengin anlam çerçevesinden nasibini alması olağandır. Tuzlanın, tuzun kültür ve edebiyattaki niteliklerine sahip olmakla birlikte kendine özgü bir anlam çerçevesi olacağına kanaat getirmek de mümkündür. Çalışmamızda klasik Türk edebiyatında ve onu çevreleyen edebiyat dünyasında tuzlanın (nemeksâr, nemekzâr, kân-ı nemek, kân-ı melahat vb.) ölüm, cansızlık, renksizlik, birlik, arınma ve güzelliğin veya çeşitli erdemlerin kaynağı olma ilgileriyle nasıl kullanıldığını göstermeye çalıştık. Bu amaçla incelediğimiz beyitlerde tuzla ile ilgili farklı anlam katmanlarında çeşitli mazmunlara açılan bir anlam çerçevesi görülecektir.
ARAPÇA VE LEHÇELERİ ÜZERİNE YENİ BİR YAYIN VE TÜRKÇE DİL İLİŞKİLERİ BAKIMINDAN ÖNEMİ
Authors: ÖZEZEN Muna Yüceol
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışma, Arapça, lehçeleri ve yayılma alanları üzerine hazırlanan ve Arabic and Contact-induced Change (Contact and Multilingualism I) başlıklı güncel bir yayını tanıtmak ve değerlendirmek üzere kaleme alınmıştır. Söz konusu yayın geniş hacimli bir kitaptır. Çalışmada adı geçen kitap içerik özellikleriyle tanıtıldıktan sonra kitabın literatür için önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Tarihten günümüze uzanan bütün yayılma alanları ve varyasyonlarıyla Arapçanın ele alındığı bu kitap, yalnızca Arapça araştırmaları için eşsiz bir kaynak değildir. Arabic and Contact-induced Change (Contact and Multilingualism I) adlı bu yayın, tipoloji (typology), ilişkidilbilim / temasdilbilim (contact-linguistics) ve çevredilbilim (eco-linguistics) araştırmaları için de önemli veriler içermektedir. Kitapta Arapça birçok dille ilişkileri ve birçok sahadaki görünümleriyle ele alınmıştır. Bu diller arasında Türkçe de vardır. Buna göre, kitap Arapçanın Türkçeyle ilişkilerini değerlendirmesi bakımından Türkçe dil ilişkileri araştırmacılarına da yeni ve çarpıcı bilgiler sunmaktadır.
Sex Differences in Alzheimer’s Disease Revealed by Free-Water Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Voxel-Based Morphometry
Authors: Bergamino Maurizio , Keeling Elizabeth G. , Baxter Leslie C. , Sisco Nicholas J. , Walsh Ryan R. , Stokes Ashley M.
Published: November 2021

Background: Imaging biomarkers are increasingly used in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the identification of sex differences using neuroimaging may provide insight into disease heterogeneity, progression, and therapeutic targets. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in grey matter (GM) volume and white matter (WM) microstructural disorganization between males and females with AD using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and free-water-corrected diffusion tensor imaging (FW-DTI). Methods: Data were downloaded from the OASIS-3 database, including 158 healthy control (HC; 86 females) and 46 mild AD subjects (24 females). VBM and FW-DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy (FA), axial and radial diffusivities (AxD and RD, respectively), and FW index) were compared using effect size for the main effects of group, sex, and their interaction. Results: Significant group and sex differences were observed, with no significant interaction. Post-hoc comparisons showed that AD is associated with reduced GM volume, reduced FW-FA, and higher FW-RD/FW-index, consistent with neurodegeneration. Females in both groups exhibited higher GM volume than males, while FW-DTI metrics showed sex differences only in the AD group. Lower FW, lower FW-FA and higher FW-RD were observed in females relative to males in the AD group. Conclusion: The combination of VBM and DTI may reveal complementary sex-specific changes in GM and WM associated with AD and aging. Sex differences in GM volume were observed for both groups, while FW-DTI metrics only showed significant sex differences in the AD group, suggesting that WM tract disorganization may play a differential role in AD pathophysiology between females and males.
Disrupted White Matter Integrity and Cognitive Functions in Amyloid-β Positive Alzheimer’s Disease with Concomitant Lobar Cerebral Microbleeds
Authors: Qiao Yanan , Sun Yu , Guo Jing , Chen Yaojing , Hou Wenjie , Zhang Junying , Peng Dantao
Published: November 2021

Background: Lobar cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), which can impair white matter (WM), are often concomitant with definite Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To explore the features of cognitive impairments and WM disruptions due to lobar CMBs in patients with AD. Methods: There were 310 participants who underwent Florbetapir F18 (AV45) amyloid PET and susceptibility-weighted imaging. Participants with cognitive impairment and amyloid-β positive (ADCI) were included into three groups: ADCI without CMBs, with strictly lobar CMBs (SL-CMBs), and with mixed CMBs (M-CMBs). Tract-based spatial statistics were performed to detect the group differences in WM integrity. Results: There were 82 patients and 29 healthy controls finally included. A decreasing tendency in memory and executive performance can be found among HCs > no CMBs (n = 16) >SL-CMBs (n = 41) >M-CMBs (n = 25) group. Compared to no CMBs, M-CMBs group had significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in left anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), forceps major, forceps minor and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and superior longitudinal fasciculus. M-CMBs group also had lower fractional anisotropy in left ATR, IFOF, uncinate fasciculus, and forceps minor compared with SL-CMBs. Furthermore, analysis of Pearson correlation indicated damages in discrepant WMs were positively associated with impairment of memory, executive function, and attention. Conclusion: This study showed lobar CMBs had intensively aggravated cognitive impairments associated with extensive WM damages in definite AD. These findings highlight that lobar CMBs play an important role in AD progression and need to be taken into consideration for the early detection of AD.
Report of the 2021 Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Foundation annual meeting
Authors: Saba Thomas G. , Brody Steven L.
Published: November 2021

In August 2021, the Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) Foundation hosted a 2-day international virtual conference designed to share discoveries in PCD genetics, cilia biology, and clinical research and care. The conference was organized around the theme of building a community for clinical research. This article provides a report of the proceedings.
USE OF DYNAMIC BLOCKS FOR CREATION OF ELECTRONIC IMAGE LIBRARIES OF TYPICAL FIXING ELEMENTS BY AUTO CAD RESOURCES
Authors: Gnitetska Tetjana , Gnitetska Galyna , Pustovit Evgeniy
Published: November 2021

The use of electronic libraries of parameterized images of objects made in the form of dynamic blocks in the practice of design work refers to resource-saving technologies that are actively used in modern production. The article considers an example of creating parameterized simplified images of fasteners using dynamic blocks of the computer-aided design system AutoCAD. Dynamic blocks can be used to create electronic image libraries of technological, design, electrical and other elements. The algorithm considered in the article to create dynamic blocks of simplified images of fasteners is introduced into the educational process at the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorsky in the course "Engineering and Computer Graphics" and can be used in design practice.

The testing of this algorithm in the training process yielded a positive result. When using parameterized drawings, students understand more deeply the impact of each parameter on the design of the object.
Neurolawyers: el surgimiento de los/as abogados/as del siglo XXI
Authors: López Hernández Hernán
Published: November 2021

Los rápidos avances en neurociencia y neurotecnología humana abren posibilidades sin precedentes para acceder, recopilar, compartir y manipular información del cerebro humano. Dichas aplicaciones plantean desafíos importantes a los principios de los derechos humanos y de la legislación en general, las que deben prevenir el mal uso o las consecuencias negativas no deseadas
Pengaruh Budaya Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Karyawan Pada PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum) Di Jakarta
Authors: Berliana Berliana , Lastriyani Indri , Firman Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya kerja terhadap produktivitas karyawan pada PDAM (Perusahaan daerah Air Minum) di Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan sampel sebanyak 93 responden. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini variabel budaya kerja diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,427 dengan kriteria baik. Variabel produktivitas karyawan diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,855 dengan kriteria baik. Budaya kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas karyawan dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 9,174 + 0,857X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,775 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai determinasi 60,1%. Uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
About the professional activity of an informatics teacher in the context of digital transformation of education
Authors: Bosova L. L. , Bosova A. Yu.
Published: November 2021

The article highlights and describes the main stages passed by the Russian secondary school on the path of digital transformation of education: computerization, informatization, early digitalization. The features of the content of teaching informatics and the activities of an informatics teacher within the framework of each of the above stages are given. The main trends in the development of the content of the school informatics course are highlighted, new areas of subject knowledge included in the school informatics course are described: robotics, information security, cloud and mobile technologies, virtual reality, augmented reality, intelligent methods of data processing and analysis. It is considered how the role of an informatics teacher at school is changing at the present stage of the digital transformation of education.
Pair work in informatics lessons as one of the forms of organization of educational cooperation of students
Authors: Puzinouskaya S. G. , Schasnovich О. A.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the types of work in pairs that can be used in informatics lessons, provides methods and techniques that can be applied to implement this type of activity. The emphasis is placed on the fact that pair work allows you to improve the quality of assimilation of educational material, is a kind of stepping stone for preparing students for work in a group, makes it possible to acquire the most important skill — the ability to study independently. The material of the article contains specific examples of interactive methods and tasks that can be used to organize paired work at different stages of an informatics lesson. Their use in the classroom will help teachers to efficiently organize pair work and educational cooperation of students, will contribute to the formation of their communicative competency.
LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 Robot in TRICK Studio environment as a new performer for teaching algorithmization and the basics of robotics in a school informatics course
Authors: Filimonova E. V. , Savchuk A. Yu.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the methodological aspects of teaching algorithmization and the basics of robotics using the educational constructor LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 in the TRIK Studio environment. The advantages of using the TRIK Studio programming environment to control both a real robot "live" and a virtual one in simulation mode are shown. Based on the methodology for introducing basic algorithmic constructions and types of algorithms by I.G. Semakin, examples of solving a system of problems using commands to control the EV3 robot in the TRIK Studio environment are given. The LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 Robot is seen as a new performer in the TRIK Studio environment. The article highlights directions and provides examples of tasks for further mastering the basics of robotics and algorithmization. The parallel study of the basics of robotics with the study of the algorithmization section based on the task approach allows you to organize the learning process in the informatics course based on interdisciplinary and STEM approaches, to implement the requirements of the Approximate Basic Educational Program of Basic General Education (2015).
Block Python as a transition stage in learning programming
Authors: Belokonova S. S. , Plotnikova M. S.
Published: November 2021

Learning programming is an integral part of the school informatics course. The teachers often start to teach programming with the "childish" language Scratch, which, despite its simplicity, makes it possible to write not only the simplest program, but also quite complex programs that reflect the basic principles of programming such as variables, loops, branches, etc. Continuing learning programming pupils can use Python, which is one of the most popular programming languages. The article proposes an approach to implementing the continuity of programming learning in the transition from learning Scratch to learning Python, namely, using the capabilities of the online educational platform EduBlocks. EduBlocks is an easy way to go from block programming to text-based programming. The main part of EduBlocks is the visual block editor. After completing the construction of the program in this editor, you can go to the "regular" Python editor. Python code is displayed in blocks, so pupils learn Python syntax while coding in a familiar block-level environment.
Romanın Toplumsal Bilgi ve Deneyim Kaynağı Olarak Niteliği Üzerine Bir Sorgulama
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Emine
Published: November 2021

Romanın toplumsal bilgi kaynağı olarak niteliği, edebiyat sosyolojisiyle ilgili başlıca tartışma konularından biridir. Bu çalışma, söz konusu tartışmaya disiplinler arası bir perspektiften açıklık getirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Romanın sosyolojiyle ilişkisi üzerine düşünmek, meseleyi daha geniş bir çerçevede ele almayı gerektirir. Bu nedenle, ilkin edebiyat ve bilimin ortaklıkları ve ayrıştığı yönlerin yanı sıra, kimi zaman da bir tür dayanışmayla gelişen birliktelikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. İkinci adımda, edebiyat ve sosyoloji etkileşimini yaratan kesişimlere değinilmiştir. Toplumun edebî yaratımın konusu olması, edebiyatı içeriğinin zengin doğası dolayısıyla sosyolojik çalışmalar için diğer sanat dallarına nazaran daha elverişli kılmaktadır. Edebî yapıtlar, yaratıcılık kadar toplumsal hayattan da beslenmektedir. Bir sanat dalı olan edebiyatın toplumsal meselelere eğilmedeki yetkinliği konusuna dair tartışmalarda, roman merkezî bir konumdadır. Bunun nedenleri, romanların insanî-toplumsal meseleleri ele almaya en elverişli edebî türlerin başında gelmesi ve zaman zaman sadece edebî bir üretim olarak görülmeyip, politik ve didaktik amaçlarla birlikte konumlandırılmasıdır. Buradan hareketle, üçüncü bölümde romanlarla sosyolojinin ilişkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Dördüncü bölüm, kimi zaman bilimsel bilgilerin aktarıcılığını üstlenen, kimi zaman bilimlerin göz ardı ettiği gerçeklikleri dile getiren, kimi zaman da belli ölçülerde toplumsal gerçekliğe ayna tutan romanların “kendine özgü” bilgisi üzerine bir tartışmaya ayrılmıştır. Bu bilgi, hayatın anlamının ve özünün bilgisidir. Üstelik bu bilgiye, insanın sınırlı yaşamında tadamayacağı deneyimler de eşlik edebilir. Roman okuru, elindeki metnin kurmaca olduğunu bilse de gönüllü bir inanışın sonucu olarak hayal ürünü kişi ve olayların gerçek olduğu hissine kapılabilir. Romanın dünyasına dâhil olmak, roman kişileriyle empati hatta özdeşim kurmak, sıradan insanın gerçekliğin kuşatması altındaki dünyasına yeni deneyimler armağan edebilir. Romanların bu yönü, son başlık altında tartışılmış ve romanların sadece toplumsal bilginin değil, temsilî/hayalî toplumsal deneyimlerin de kaynağı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Національний університет фізичного виховання і спорту України, Київ
Authors: Дроздовська С. Б. , Пастухова В. А. , Імас Є. В.
Published: November 2021

З метою створення персоналізованого підходу у спортивній дієтології здійснено огляд молекулярно-генетичних маркерів, придатних до застосування у сфері фізичного виховання і спорту; розширено список поліморфізмів, що можуть бути використані як молекулярно-генетичні (нутрігенетичні) маркери ефективності дії дієтичних добавок у спорті; створено науковий базис для застосування молекулярно-генетичних методів у процесі підготовки спортсменів, що сприятиме підвищенню фізичної працездатності у спорті.  Результати. Наведено результати узагальнення механізмів взаємодії «ген–нутрієнт».  Створено перелік молекулярно-генетичних маркерів ризику розвитку порушень метаболізму; маркерів, що дозволяють коригувати раціон раціонального харчування та вживання дієтичних добавок спортсменами відповідно до індивідуальних генетичних особливостей, нутрієнтів, дія яких на геном і, особливо, на метаболічні процеси та процеси адаптації до м’язової роботи, на сьогодні доведено. Висновок. Урахування нутрігенетичних особливостей харчування дозволить покращити підготовку спортсменів шляхом підвищення ефективності використання дієтичних добавок у харчуванні, підвищення фізичної працездатності, знизити побічну дію вживаних препаратів. Методичні рекомендації з харчування спортсменів, створені з урахуванням результатів нутрігенетичних досліджень, дозволяють дозувати дієтичні добавки відповідно до метаболічної відповіді організму на генному рівні.
Сучасні підходи до застосування засобів фізичної терапії, спрямованих на відновлення постурального контролю та ходьби в осіб з наслідками черепно-мозкової травми
Authors: Воронова Я , Лазарєва О , Ковельська А , Кобінський О
Published: November 2021

Резюме. На сьогодні актуальним є вивчення застосування засобів фізичної терапії під час процесу відновлення осіб з наслідками черепно-мозкової травми (ЧМТ). Мета. Визначити особливості оцінювання та застосування засобів фізичної терапії, спрямованих на відновлення постурального контролю та ходьби в осіб з наслідками ЧМТ. Методи. Аналіз науково-методичної літератури, синтез та узагальнення. Результати. Доведено, що реабілітаційний прогноз у хворого з наслідками ЧМТ залежить від патогенетичних особливостей клінічних проявів, перебігу захворювання, можливостей цілеспрямованої терапії, характеру і ступеня обмеження життєдіяльності, наявності соціальної недостатності та необхідності соціальної підтримки. Міждисциплінарність, постановка цілей у SMART-форматі, активне залучення пацієнтів з середніми і важкими травмами в процес – необхідні умови для успіху реабілітації. Найчастішим тяжким наслідком травматичної хвороби мозку є розлади рухової та когнітивної функцій, тому рухове навчання, побудоване з урахуванням когнітивного стану, є основним принципом більшості втручань. Функції ходьби та підтримання балансу визначають якість повсякденного життя, оскільки дозволяють ефективно переміщатися вдома та в громаді. Більшість досліджень є суперечливими щодо прямого зв’язку між ходьбою, порушенням рівноваги та когнітивними проблемами. У ході аналізу науково-методичних статей відзначено відсутність суттєвих відмінностей між різними методиками реабілітаційного втручання для осіб з ЧМТ. Доведено позитивний вплив на відновлення постурального контролю та ходьби пацієнтів з ЧМТ, але певні характеристики функціонального стану залишалися без змін. Міждисциплінарність та формування плану обстеження і втручання на основі SMART-цілей полягають в отриманні уявлення про потреби та потенціал пацієнта, дозволяють обрати втручання, які найбільше відповідають його основній проблемі та максимально враховують запит щодо очікуваних результатів відновлення ходьби.Ключові слова: травма головного мозку, ходьба, баланс, когнітивні порушення, фізична терапія.
Sequele di COVID 19 nel gusto e nell'olfatto: una breve rassegna della letteratura
Authors: Chaves Ieda Bezerra , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: November 2021

I virus sono un essere vivente che non è formato dalla struttura cellulare. I virus possono essere trasmessi per contatto diretto con individui infetti o indirettamente da superfici contaminate. Definito come una nuova varietà di coronavirus, COVID 19 ha fatto dichiarare all’Organizzazione mondiale della sanità (OMS) all’inizio del 2020 una crisi della salute pubblica globale. Considerando l’elevata trasmissibilità di questo virus, è stato necessario adottare misure per prevenire la trasmissione e l’infezione. I sintomi causati da COVID-19 sono di solito febbre, tosse secca, mancanza di respiro (dispnea), stanchezza (affaticamento), mal di gola, mal di testa e diarrea. Altri sintomi, in misura minore sono anosmia (perdita dell’olfatto), iposmia (diminuzione dell’odore) e ageusia (perdita del senso del gusto). L’obiettivo di questo era quello di rivedere gli ultimi due anni sulle sequele di COVID 19 nel gusto e nell’olfatto. Una breve revisione della letteratura è stata condotta in articoli scientifici sulle sequele di COVID 19 nel gusto e nell’olfatto, tra il 2020 e il 2021, in portoghese, nel database di ricerca di Google Scholar. Le donne e i giovani sono i più colpiti dalle sequele del gusto e dell’olfatto causate da COVID-19. non esistono trattamenti specifici e scientificamente provati alle varie disfunzioni, ma il più indicato è la pratica dell’allenamento olfattivo. Gli studi relativi alle disfunzioni sono limitati, principalmente, in Brasile e quando vengono analizzati come sequele. La continuità della ricerca scientifica è indispensabile, perché solo questo processo sarà in grado di chiarire i dubbi che ancora esistono e generare trattamenti appropriati per le persone che hanno sviluppato COVID-19.
PECULIARITIES OF INTERROGATION IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES IN THE FIELD OF REAL ESTATE
Authors: Коршун О. В.
Published: November 2021

The article considers the concepts, procedural and tactical features of interrogation of different categories of persons during the investigation of criminal offenses in the field of real estate. It is emphasized that interrogation is the most common investigative (search) action in absolute percentage with other procedural actions. During its holding it is possible to establish information about the event of the crime, its circumstances, participants, the role of each, etc. The information received from the subjects of criminal proceedings may cover a significant number of factors that will allow an objective assessment of the situation and used in the evidentiary process, in order to bring the perpetrators to justice. It is established that the issues of interrogation are constantly in the center of close attention of scientists, which is due to the constant improvement of ways of committing crimes and changing the mechanism of criminal activity in general. Practice is forced to respond to various innovations, and representatives of the scientific world are constantly trying to find new ways to solve problems related to the effective conduct of investigative (search) actions. This presupposes the adoption of effective measures in line with current trends and changes in forms of criminal activity, including in the field of employment. It is emphasized that due to the specifics of criminal offenses in the field of real estate, the question of the need for in-depth study of organizational, tactical and procedural aspects of the interrogation of various persons in proceedings of this category is urgent. It is emphasized that the peculiarities of establishing psychological contact and tactics of direct interrogation differ significantly, depending on the procedural status of the interrogated person. If the victim or witness is mostly in contact and prone to communication, a large arsenal of tactics should be used against the suspects, including: presenting evidence; announcement of testimony of other persons; the use of contradictions in the testimony of the same person; creating the impression of awareness of the investigator; suddenness factor, etc. The organizational and tactical features of interrogations in proceedings of this category are determined, the circumstances to be established are outlined and the list of issues that determine the specifics of criminal offenses in the field of real estate is given.
TYPES OF LOCAL LEGAL PRINCIPLES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REGULATION
Authors: Вареник О. С.
Published: November 2021

Local regulation of labor protection is carried out at each enterprise, organization or institution separately. As a result, the subjects of local rule-making have their own ideas about the quality of local regulations, how to draw up such an act and how to teach local law. At the same time, approaches to local regulation of labor protection may differ even within a large enterprise, and even more so at the regional or national level during the creation of collective agreements. The quality and efficiency of local regulation of labor protection depends on the number of accidents at the entrepreneur, safety for members of the workforce and the general population. At the same time, the formation of local regulations can be influenced by completely subjective factors regarding the style of speech, as well as the presence of deep professional knowledge on the topic of labor protection. It is clear that chaos in the understanding of local legal regulation of labor protection increases the likelihood of negative consequences. Today, the legislative definition of uniform requirements for local regulation procedures and the content of local labor protection acts is not provided, and therefore it is important to establish and disseminate among the subjects of local regulation common and easy to understand principles of local labor protection regulation. The article analyzes the practices and legislation on local regulation and establishes which principles apply to labor protection. It is important to derive a classification of such principles, as it will simplify their organization, illustrate the connection and place in legal regulation, interaction with centralized regulation, as well as emphasize the autonomy of local regulation of labor protection. The analysis of the content of the principles of local legal regulation of labor protection provided an opportunity to determine their essence, features of implementation, to clarify their procedural or material nature and systemic action. It is concluded that the principles of local legal regulation of labor protection are all interdependent and non-compliance with at least one of them will lead to the illegality of the local legal act. It is established that the principles combine both legal requirements and requirements of organizational, technical and economic nature. The problem is to convey the content of such principles to the subjects of local rule-making, as many of them do not have special professional knowledge. In addition, it is necessary to create more effective mechanisms for control and monitoring of compliance with the principles during the development and implementation of local regulations on labor protection.
Development of a strategy for entering the market by environmentally safe land use
Authors: Yekel Hanna
Published: November 2021

The article presents the development of a strategy for entering the market by environmentally friendly land use. The author proposed a conceptual approach to its formation, the main components are offered: definition of the target audience, analysis of the external environment, assessment of resource potential, product life cycle, pricing, logistics, marketing, business scaling. The result of the first stage is to determine the consumer and the market where the manufacturer plans to start its activities. The analysis of the environment includes the selected set of tools to assess the external factors that contribute to, accelerate the development of the producer, and thus maximize profits, as well as the analysis of what negatively affects the development of business. This step helps to identify competitors and assess the benefits and threats. Assessment of resource potential includes analysis of the main groups of resources that must be considered when developing a strategy for the development of producers: land, material, financial, labor (management), information, intangible - in order to calculate the effectiveness and prospects for their use. The formation of the product life cycle makes it possible to create a product with a positive impact on the environment and human health. Its essence is to use a closed production cycle for a particular type of product. A number of factors influencing the price formation of a producer by environmentally friendly land use is presented in the article. With the help of the logistics system, it is possible to optimize the delivery of goods and speed up the time of reaching goods by customers. These create additional benefits for the business and increases competitiveness. The main components of the marketing system are described. The main directions of business scaling are determined, as well as the conditions under which it is necessary to carry it out. The implementation of the measures proposed in the article will contribute to solving a number of socio-economic problems in the development of the regions, the overall increase in the efficiency of the agricultural sector. All of these components are interconnected and complementary. Disclosure of their essence to some extent facilitates business activities and speeds up profits.
Az infografika készítése, jövője és könyvtári lehetőségei
Authors: Lilla Kinga Baratiné Sipos
Published: November 2021

Az infografikákról szóló harmadik tanulmányban három témáról lesz szó: hogyan lehet elkészíteni egy infografikát, melyek a legfontosabb lépések; milyen fejlődési irányzatok mutatkoznak a vizualizáció ezen területén; végül mennyire lehet hasznos ez a fajta információtovábbítási eszköz a könyvtárak életében, milyen lehetőségek rejlenek benne a könyvtári munka szerves részeként. Végül az infografikát érintő, egyértelműen pozitív trendek mellett érintjük a lehetséges veszélyek vagy problémák témakörét, amelyek egyúttal egész világunkat jellemző, globális kockázati tényezők is.
USAGE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES: LITHUANIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ POSITION
Authors: Lamanauskas Vincentas , Šlekienė Violeta , Ragulienė Loreta
Published: November 2021

Over the latter decade a rapid development of information communication technologies has been going on in various directions. Technological possibilities have increased very significantly (Lamanauskas, 2011). The development of internet and technologies related with it has been extremely fast. A lot of internet service providers have appeared in the market, their number still continues to grow. The internet connection methods are changing - from the ordinary usage of phone line modems (dial - up) to broadband internet technology (DSL) and cable TV internet nets. It can be asserted, that over the mentioned period Web 1.0 internet (static, used for getting information) has been changed to Web 2.0 internet (social). The internet diaries, social portals, technologies allowing live communication on the internet (Internet Relay Chat, IRC), talk programme Windows Live Messenger (MSN), ICQ forums and other have occurred and are spreading. With the appearance of “Skype”, the internet telephony has acquired a qualitatively new characteristic and practically has become a daily routine. Thus, today a consumer can create his profile on the internet, can make friends, communicate in the interest groups and so on. It can be stated, that every human being contributes in his own way to the internet and at the same time to ICT development, in general. It is obvious, that together with technological problems also arise social internet problems. Social networking websites are closely related with economical, psychological, educational, paleological and other aspects. There is a shortage of researches grounding socio-educational social network aspects. It is important to know not only how much time the consumers spend surfing the net, but how much of this time is allotted for communicating in social networking websites, which of them are the most popular and why, how the respondents evaluate social networking website functions, what in general they know about them, what advantages, disadvantages and threats they discern. Finally, it is important to find out whether the usage of social networking websites improves information – communication abilities in some way. Key words: social networking websites, survey, university students.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION, DEMOGRAPHIC AND SCHOOL CHARACTERISTICS AMONG BASIC EDUCATION TEACHERS IN ALBANIA
Authors: Rapti Edmond , Karaj Theodhori
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this descriptive-correlation study was to describe the overall level of job satisfaction, also relationships among job satisfaction, demographic characteristics and school characteristics for teachers in the basic education system in Albania. For this purpose a survey was conducted for 1000 basic education teachers randomly selected in 40 schools representing different regions in Albania. The questionnaire was composed of items which measured demographic and school characteristics. Job Satisfaction Index (Bayfield and Roth’s, 1951) was used to measure the overall job satisfaction. The reliability coefficient of this scale was 0.85. The research data was analyzed by Correlation and descriptive analysis, Kruskall – Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney Test.
The findings indicated that the basic education teachers in Albania were moderately satisfied with their job and some of the demographic and school characteristics (age, tenure, teacher level of education and school size) were negligibly related to overall teacher’s job satisfaction.
Key words: demographic characteristics, school characteristics, teacher job satisfaction.
Characterization of rpp5cs and Rpoat From Rumex Patientia L. In Response to Salinity and Alkalinity Stress
Authors: Peng Lina , Sun Lili , Xu Yongqing , Cai Zhenxue , Feng Xu , Li Fenglan , Hu Baozhong
Published: November 2021

Rumex patientia L. can respond to abiotic stresses and withstand low temperatures. Proline accumulation plays important roles under various abiotic stresses in different plants, specially salinity. P5CS and OAT of plants are key enzymes in the proline synthesis pathway. In the present study, the RpP5cs and RpOat genes of the proline synthesis pathway in R. patientia L. were cloned with full-length cDNAs of 2178 bp and 1401 bp. The expression of RpP5cs and RpOat genes were higher in Russian Щавель Чемпион than Chinese R. patientia × R. tianschanicus cv. Rumex under salinity and alkalinity stress over 0 - 24 hrs. These results could provide insights into sequence structure and differential tolerance in many plants.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 717-727, 2021 (September) Special
Chemical characteristics of surface and phreatic water and their effects on the growth of Populus euphartica Oliv. in desert areas of Tarim National Nature Reserve, China
Authors: Liang Yan , Yang Lu Ying , Huo Ai Di , Guan Wen Ke
Published: November 2021

Chemical characteristics of surface water and phreatic water and their relationship with the growth of Populus euphratica Oliv. were explored. In the study area, hydrochemical types of the surface water were mainly SCaⅢ or ClNaⅢ (Based on the O. A. Arliekin's classification) and PH value of the surface water was below 8.0. The surface water from various sampling sites has a higher total hardness belonging to hard water and extremely hard water. The contents of sulfates and chlorides in the surface water in the protection zone ranged from 204.1 to 486.3 mg/l and from 70.9 to 239.9 mg/l, respectively. Phreatic water is mainly recharged by the surface water infiltration. In terms of water quality, TDS, total hardness and total alkalinity of phreatic water at W2 sampling point were 17.3, 9.3 and 4.7 times of surface water, respectively. Populus euphratica was able to grow normally in the environment of brackish water, where total hardness, total alkalinity, and TDS of overflowing river were in the range of 325.3~769.5, 142.6~290.3 and 782.2~1037.5 mg/l, respectively. The Populus euphratica in juvenile phase was a few, and its rejuvenation was confronted with difficulty. The present study can provide a reference for exploring the water quality characteristics of surface and phreatic water and their relationship with the growth of Populus euphratica.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 831-836, 2021 (September) Special
Effects of adding different proportions of soft rock on the dynamic change of the quality of aeolian sandy soil
Authors: Cao Tingting , Guo Zhen , Li Juan , Zhang Haiou , Zhou Hang , Wang Jian
Published: November 2021

Evolution process of quality of soft rock and sand compound soil and exploration of its stability were studied. In the present study different proportions (1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 5, 0 : 1) of soft rock and sand compound soil as the research object were selected. Tthe particulate organic carbon, microbial organic carbon, effective phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, nitro nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the compound soil were analyzed. Results showed that after 9 years of planting, the organic carbon content of particles with 0 : 1 treatment was the lowest, at 1.73 g/kg, and the treatment of 1 : 5 and 1 : 1 increased significantly by 74.74 and 94.90%, respectively. In the 20 - 30 cm soil layer, the lowest organic carbon content of particles with 1 : 2 treatment was 1.92 g/kg, and there was no significant difference between the other three treatments, with 0 : 1, 1 : 5 and 1 : 1 treatment increased by 46.20, 29.27 and 34.07%, respectively compared to 1 : 2 treatment. With developed root system, the biomass of the root system was greater than the biomass left on the ground after harvest, and the average content of organic carbon of the particles increased first and then decreased later. The microbial community in the compound soil was significantly improved, and the carbon content of microorganisms in the treatment of 1 : 1, 1 : 2 and 1 : 5 was significantly higher than that of whole sand by 85, 165 and 143%, respectively, after multi-year of cultivation. The soil root microbial community showed a benign development. With the increase of planting years, the incorporation of soft rock accelerates the process of natural succession of soil quality. Compared with sandy land, compound soil has significantly improved storage of available phosphorus and available potassium nutrients. Compound soil has been cultivated for 9 years compared with 6 years, with the ratio of 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 5 and 0 : 1, the effective phosphorus content increased significantly by 141, 181, 169 and 63% respectively, the available potassium content increased significantly by 141, 181, 169 and 63% respectively. Compound soil has been cultivated for 9 years compared with 6 years, with the ratio of 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 5, and 0 : 1, the nitrate nitrogen content increased significantly by 40, 130, 135 and 120%, respectively. Nitro nitrogen is easily soluble in water, and the higher the proportion of sand in the compound soil, the easier the loss of nitrous nitrogen content in the soil. After multiple years of cultivation, the ammonium nitrogen content in the compound soil decreased, with a significant decrease of 35 (p < 0.05), 34 (p < 0.05), 45 (p < 0.05) and 37% (p < 0.05), respectively. Due to the disruption of harvest, the exposure of the surface soil is high, which causes ammonium nitrogen to evaporate.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 837-845, 2021 (September) Special
Temporal and spatial evolution of NDVI in seasonal freezethawing area of China
Authors: Wang Jingfa , Du Huishi
Published: November 2021

Vegetation is the most important composition part of land ecological system and is sensitive to the change of global climate. The characteristic of nearly 37a temporal and spatial evolution of NDVI in China’s seasonal freezing-thawing area was studied focusing on the target of China’s seasonal freeze-thawing area, utilizing methods of GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics and based on the dataset of AVHRR GIMMS NDVI and MODIS NDVI during 1982 to 2018. It showed that nearly 37a NDVI in China’s seasonal freezing-thawing area fluctuated with an increasing trend in the range of 5.292~6.635. Besides, the coverage degree of vegetation increased dramatically. Sandy land developed from the direction of desertification to oasisization. This work provides scientific evidence for the sandy land ecological evaluation of China’s seasonal freezing-thawing area and regional sustainable development.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 847-853, 2021 (September) Special
Transcriptome analysis of the immature inflorescences of foxtail millet treated with Sq-1 for inducing male sterility
Authors: Wang Chunfang , Qi Dongmei , Zhang Wei , Wang Yongqiang , Shi Shenkui , Diao Xianmin
Published: November 2021

A comparative transcriptomic analysis was carried out through next-generation sequencing technology for the SQ-1-treated immature inflorescences of foxtail millet (Setaria italica). It was found that 96.7% of the pollen of SQ-1-treated plants were sterile, thereby confirming the efficacy of SQ-1 in inducing male sterility in foxtail millet. A total of 6659 DEGs were identified from the plants of 2nd days of treatment, among which 3532 and 3127 were up- and down-regulated, respectively. Comparatively fewer DEGs, 1584 and 2654, were detected from the plants of 4th and 6th days of treatment, respectively. The gene expression profiles of foxtail millet were verified through qRT-PCR in accordance to 16 previously reported genes from other crops that were associated with pollen development. Reference genes Si002651 and Si002929 were found to be the most proper option for SQ-1 treatment.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 887-894, 2021 (September) Special
Complete chloroplast genome of Oryza sativa L. (B810s) and its phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Song Kebao , Wang Congtian , Li Zhongbo , Ning Peng
Published: November 2021

The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Oryza sativa L.(B810S) was 134546 bp in length in the study, which contains 149 genes including 99 coding protein genes, 41 transfer RNA genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes and 1 non-coding region by gene annotation. A total of 20879 amino acids were encoded by this cp genome, TTT (Phe) and TTG (Leu) codon were the most frequent amino acids, whereas the ACC (Thr), GCC (Ala), CTC (Leu), and AAC (Asn) codon were the least frequent ones. The content of the four bases on the cp genome were 30.6% for A, 30.4% for T, 19.4% for C and 19.6% for G, respectively. Obviously, the A+T (61.0%) content is more higher than G+C (39.0%). The gene order and content are the same as those of previously reported cp genome of Rice. Phylogenetic analysis was implemented based on concatenated amino acid sequences of 99 protein-coding genes using Neighbor-Joining method (NJ) method. Therefore, the complete B810S cp genome provides interesting insights and valuable information that can be used to identify related species and reconstruct its phylogeny.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 895-901, 2021 (September) Special
Effects of global warming on plateau plants
Authors: Wu Dan , Kong Hui
Published: November 2021

Biological and ecological environment in the plateau climate warming, abiotic environmental factors to different degrees of change were summed up from the macroscopic level to microcosmic individual physiological level of global climate change response model. The study summarized the research achievements at home and abroad, pointed out the plant phenology, photosynthesis, nutrient structure and presents different response patterns. These different response modes, from micro to macro, will eventually lead to changes in the structure and function of the Plateau ecosystem. This will threaten the survival and development of the Plateau plants on a large scale. Finally, the future research emphases in this field would be prospected.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 963-968, 2021 (September) Special
Effects of multi-time scales climate changes on tobaccoplanting counties in Chenzhou city of Hunan Province
Authors: Pan Daiwei , Zhong Quan , Liao Yahua , He Bin , Li Wujin , Jian Hong , He Zhihong , Cao Zhihui , Xiao Yansong
Published: November 2021

To provide scientific instruction in predicting the climate changes and adopting the suitable measures for field cultivation and management of tobacco, the changes of main climatic parameters on multi-time scales in the six tobacco-planting counties of Chenzhou city in China were studied. Sunshine hours (S) in the six counties had significant positive linear correlation with year (from 1980 to 2020) and precipitation (P) changed irregularly on the scales of year, field-growth period, and rooting and flourishing stages, and they changed significantly in maturing stage. Sunshine hours (S) in the six counties had significant positive linear correlation with year on the scale of rooting stage, changed irregular with year on the scale of year, and showed different change tendencies in different counties in flourishing and maturing stages. On the scale of field-growth period, the daily cumulative temperature (T) was lower than the optimal value in rooting and flourishing stages, but higher than the optimal value in maturing stage.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 977-985, 2021 (September) Special