bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling Geomagnetically Induced Currents in Australian Power Networks Using Different Conductivity Models
Authors: Marshall R. A. , Wang L. , Paskos G. A. , Olivares‐Pulido G. , Van Der Walt T. , Ong C. , Mikkelsen D. , Hesse G. , McMahon B. , Van Wyk E. , Ivanovich G. , Spoor D. , Taylor C. , Yoshikawa A.
Published: April 2019

Space weather manifests in power networks as quasi‐DC currents flowing in and out of the power system through the grounded neutrals of high‐voltage transformers, referred to as geomagnetically induced currents. This paper presents a comparison of modeled geomagnetically induced currents, determined using geoelectric fields derived from four different impedance models employing different conductivity structures, with geomagnetically induced current measurements from within the power system of the eastern states of Australia. The four different impedance models are a uniform conductivity model (UC), one‐dimensional n‐layered conductivity models (NU and NW), and a three‐dimensional conductivity model of the Australian region (3DM) from which magnetotelluric impedance tensors are calculated. The modeled 3DM tensors show good agreement with measured magnetotelluric tensors obtained from recently released data from the Australian Lithospheric Architecture Magnetotelluric Project. The four different impedance models are applied to a network model for four geomagnetic storms of solar cycle 24 and compared with observations from up to eight different locations within the network. The models are assessed using several statistical performance parameters. For correlation values greater than 0.8 and amplitude scale factors less than 2, the 3DM model performs better than the simpler conductivity models. When considering the model performance parameter, P, the highest individual P value was for the 3DM model. The implications of the results are discussed in terms of the underlying geological structures and the power network electrical parameters.
Computational Modeling of Fine Sediment Relocation Within a Dam Reservoir by Means of Artificial Flood Generation in a Reservoir Cascade
Authors: Bladé Castellet E. , Sánchez‐Juny M. , Arbat Bofill M. , Dolz Ripollés J.
Published: April 2019

Sediment relocation is a process where water turbulence moves deposits from shallower to deeper zones of a lake or reservoir. Additionally, in the context of a reservoir cascade relocation is a one of the possible sediment management strategies used to maintain the operational capacity of reservoirs. Numerical modeling tools applied to sediment dynamics can help to better understand the reservoir sedimentary processes and enhance the design of management strategies. This paper describes the detailed analysis of the cohesive sediment dynamics within a reservoir and a methodology for the calibration of numerical models for the management of sediment deposits through dam operation and upstream generation of artificial floods. The calibration process was based on an accumulated sediment volume curve and the usage of simplified models for an initial parameter estimation. The calibrated model has been applied to analyze different possibilities of sediment relocation strategies.
Looking at “Night-Shining” Clouds from the Stratosphere
Authors: Dalin P. , Pertsev N. , Perminov V. , Efremov D. , Romejko V.
Published: April 2019

One research group studied noctilucent clouds at large distances from a different point of view, using cameras aboard a meteorological balloon that sailed into the stratosphere.
Largest Delta Plain in Earth’s History Discovered in Arctic
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: April 2019

If this Triassic period delta existed today, its footprint would equal about 1% of all land on Earth.
Youth Call Climate Change a Generational Justice Issue
Authors: Showstack Randy
Published: April 2019

Students and educators urge congressional action on climate change.
A novel PTCH1 mutation in basal cell nevus syndrome with rare craniofacial features
Authors: Murata Yuka , Kurosaka Hiroshi , Ohata Yasuhisa , Aikawa Tomonao , Takahata Sosuke , Fujii Katsunori , Miyashita Toshiyuki , Morita Chisato , Inubushi Toshihiro , Kubota Takuo , Sakai Norio , Ozono Keiichi , Kogo Mikihiko , Yamashiro Takashi
Published: April 2019

Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is a rare, multisystem, autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by various phenotypes, including multiple basal cell carcinomas of the skin, odontogenic keratocysts of the jaws, and occasionally cleft lip and/or palate. In this report, we describe a 6-year-old Japanese girl with a novel heterozygous nonsense mutation in PTCH1 who exhibited rare craniofacial phenotypes, such as oligodontia and a short-tooth root.
Gut microbiota dependent anti-tumor immunity restricts melanoma growth in Rnf5−/− mice
Authors: Li Yan , Tinoco Roberto , Elmén Lisa , Segota Igor , Xian Yibo , Fujita Yu , Sahu Avinash , Zarecki Raphy , Marie Kerrie , Feng Yongmei , Khateb Ali , Frederick Dennie T. , Ashkenazi Shiri K. , Kim Hyungsoo , Perez Eva Guijarro , Day Chi-Ping , Segura Muñoz Rafael S. , Schmaltz Robert , Yooseph Shibu , Tam Miguel A. , Zhang Tongwu , Avitan-Hersh Emily , Tzur Lihi , Roizman Shoshana , Boyango Ilanit , Bar-Sela Gil , Orian Amir , Kaufman Randal J. , Bosenberg Marcus , Goding Colin R. , Baaten Bas , Levesque Mitchell P. , Dummer Reinhard , Brown Kevin , Merlino Glenn , Ruppin Eytan , Flaherty Keith , Ramer-Tait Amanda , Long Tao , Peterson Scott N. , Bradley Linda M. , Ronai Ze’ev A.
Published: April 2019

Accumulating evidence points to an important role for the gut microbiome in anti-tumor immunity. Here, we show that altered intestinal microbiota contributes to anti-tumor immunity, limiting tumor expansion. Mice lacking the ubiquitin ligase RNF5 exhibit attenuated activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) components, which coincides with increased expression of inflammasome components, recruitment and activation of dendritic cells and reduced expression of antimicrobial peptides in intestinal epithelial cells. Reduced UPR expression is also seen in murine and human melanoma tumor specimens that responded to immune checkpoint therapy. Co-housing of Rnf5−/− and WT mice abolishes the anti-tumor immunity and tumor inhibition phenotype, whereas transfer of 11 bacterial strains, including B. rodentium, enriched in Rnf5−/− mice, establishes anti-tumor immunity and restricts melanoma growth in germ-free WT mice. Altered UPR signaling, exemplified in Rnf5−/− mice, coincides with altered gut microbiota composition and anti-tumor immunity to control melanoma growth.
Microwave irradiation directly excites semiconductor catalyst to produce electric current or electron-holes pairs
Authors: Zhou Jicheng , You Zhimin , Xu Wentao , Su Zhiming , Qiu Yin , Gao Lingfei , Yin Cheng , Lan Lixin
Published: April 2019

Generally, photon of Microwave (MW) electromagnetic waves have long been thought to be lower energy, which could not excite metals or semiconductor materials to generate electric current and electron-holes pairs (e−cb + h+vb). In this paper, we report an unexpected, Microwave “photoelectric effect”, when MW irradiates on the semiconductor materials, leading to generate electric current and electron-holes pairs (e−cb + h+vb), on the semiconductor materials and on the MW catalyst. Further, we show that the action mechanism of Microwave “photoelectric effect” made water adsorbing on the surface of Microwave catalyst transform into hydroxyl radical (∙OH). Thus, this study has revealed the principle of generation Microwave “photoelectric effect” under MW irradiation, and the mechanism of MW catalytic oxidation degradation of organic in the wastewater and the mechanism of MW reduction method for preparation of nano-particle metal supported catalysts. Our findings challenge the classic view of MW irradiation only as heating method, which cannot excite to produce electric current and electron-holes pairs (e−cb + h+vb). Our findings will open new field to use MW technology for MW catalytic oxidation degradation of organics in the wastewater, and for MW reduction method of metal supported catalysts preparation.
Author Correction: Nuclear localization of Beclin 1 promotes radiation-induced DNA damage repair independent of autophagy
Authors: Xu Fei , Fang Yixuan , Yan Lili , Xu Lan , Zhang Suping , Cao Yan , Xu Li , Zhang Xiaoying , Xie Jialing , Jiang Gaoyue , Ge Chaorong , An Ni , Zhou Daohong , Yuan Na , Wang Jianrong
Published: April 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Continuous but not intermittent noise has a negative impact on mating success in a marine fish with paternal care
Authors: Blom Eva-Lotta , Kvarnemo Charlotta , Dekhla Isabelle , Schöld Sofie , Andersson Mathias H. , Svensson Ola , Amorim M. Clara. P.
Published: April 2019

Anthropogenic underwater noise is a global pollutant of increasing concern but its impact on reproduction in fish is largely unknown. Hence, a better understanding of its consequences for this important link to fitness is crucial. Working in aquaria, we experimentally tested the impact of broadband noise exposure (added either continuously or intermittently), compared to a control, on the behaviour and reproductive success of the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps), a vocal fish with exclusive paternal care. Compared to the intermittent noise and control treatments, the continuous noise treatment increased latency to female nest inspection and spawning and decreased spawning probability. In contrast, many other female and male pre-spawning behaviours, and female ventilation rate (proxies for stress levels) did not differ among treatments. Therefore, it is likely that female spawning decisions were delayed by a reduced ability to assess male acoustic signals, rather than due to stress per se and that the silent periods in the intermittent noise treatment provided a respite where the females could assess the males. Taken together, we show that noise (of similar frequency range as anthropogenic boat noise) negatively affects reproductive success, particularly under a continuous noise exposure.
Meta-path Based Prioritization of Functional Drug Actions with Multi-Level Biological Networks
Authors: Yoon Seyeol , Lee Doheon
Published: April 2019

Functional drug actions refer to drug-affected GO terms. They aid in the investigation of drug effects that are therapeutic or adverse. Previous studies have utilized the linkage information between drugs and functions in molecular level biological networks. Since the current knowledge of molecular level mechanisms of biological functions is still limited, such previous studies were incomplete. We expected that the multi-level biological networks would allow us to more completely investigate the functional drug actions. We constructed multi-level biological networks with genes, GO terms, and diseases. Meta-paths were utilized to extract the features of each GO term. We trained 39 SVM models to prioritize the functional drug actions of the various 39 drugs. Through the multi-level networks, more functional drug actions were utilized for the 39 models and inferred by the models. Multi-level based features improved the performance of the models, and the average AUROC value in the cross-validation was 0.86. Moreover, 60% of the candidates were true.
Lytic and genomic properties of spontaneous host-range Kayvirus mutants prove their suitability for upgrading phage therapeutics against staphylococci
Authors: Botka Tibor , Pantůček Roman , Mašlaňová Ivana , Benešík Martin , Petráš Petr , Růžičková Vladislava , Havlíčková Pavla , Varga Marian , Žemličková Helena , Koláčková Ivana , Florianová Martina , Jakubů Vladislav , Karpíšková Renáta , Doškař Jiří
Published: April 2019

Lytic bacteriophages are valuable therapeutic agents against bacterial infections. There is continual effort to obtain new phages to increase the effectivity of phage preparations against emerging phage-resistant strains. Here we described the genomic diversity of spontaneous host-range mutants of kayvirus 812. Five mutant phages were isolated as rare plaques on phage-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. The host range of phage 812-derived mutants was 42% higher than the wild type, determined on a set of 186 methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains representing the globally circulating human and livestock-associated clones. Comparative genomics revealed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms from the parental phage 812 population were fixed in next-step mutants, mostly in genes for tail and baseplate components, and the acquired point mutations led to diverse receptor binding proteins in the phage mutants. Numerous genome changes associated with rearrangements between direct repeat motifs or intron loss were found. Alterations occurred in host-takeover and terminal genomic regions or the endolysin gene of mutants that exhibited the highest lytic activity, which implied various mechanisms of overcoming bacterial resistance. The genomic data revealed that Kayvirus spontaneous mutants are free from undesirable genes and their lytic properties proved their suitability for rapidly updating phage therapeutics.
MOMSense: Metal-Oxide-Metal Elementary Glucose Sensor
Authors: Abunahla Heba , Mohammad Baker , Alazzam Anas , Jaoude Maguy Abi , Al-Qutayri Mahmoud , Abdul Hadi Sabina , Al-Sarawi Said F.
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we present a novel Pt/CuO/Pt metal-oxide-metal (MOM) glucose sensor. The devices are fabricated using a simple, low-cost standard photolithography process. The unique planar structure of the device provides a large electrochemically active surface area, which acts as a nonenzymatic reservoir for glucose oxidation. The sensor has a linear sensing range between 2.2 mM and 10 mM of glucose concentration, which covers the blood glucose levels for an adult human. The distinguishing property of this sensor is its ability to measure glucose at neutral pH conditions (i.e. pH = 7). Furthermore, the dilution step commonly needed for CuO-based nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors to achieve an alkaline medium, which is essential to perform redox reactions in the absence of glucose oxidase, is eliminated, resulting in a lower-cost and more compact device.
On the influence of relative humidity on the oxidation and hydrolysis of fresh and aged oil paints
Authors: Modugno Francesca , Di Gianvincenzo Fabiana , Degano Ilaria , van der Werf Inez Dorothé , Bonaduce Ilaria , van den Berg Klaas Jan
Published: April 2019

Modern oil paintings are affected by conservation issues related to the oil paint formulations and to the fact that they are often unvarnished, and in direct contact with the environment. Understanding the evolution of the molecular composition of modern oil paint during ageing, under the influence of environmental factors, is fundamental for a better knowledge of degradation phenomena and risk factors affecting modern art. We investigated for the first time the influence of relative humidity on the chemical composition of modern oil paints during curing and artificial ageing. For this purpose, modern oil paint layers naturally aged for 10 years were further artificially aged in low and high relative humidity conditions. Moreover, the influence of RH% on the curing of fresh paint layers was studied. The paints used in the experiments are from three suppliers (Old Holland, Winsor&Newton, and Talens), and contain cadmium or cadmium zinc sulfide as main pigment. The changes in the composition of extracts of paint samples were investigated by direct electrospray mass spectrometry with a quadrupole-time of flight mass analyser (ESI-Q-ToF). The obtained mass spectral data were interpreted by means of principal component analysis (PCA) operated on a data set containing the relative abundance of ions associated to significant molecules present in the extracts, and also by calculating the ratios between the signals relative to fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids and acylglycerols, related to hydrolysis and oxidation phenomena. The same paint samples were also analysed, in bulk, by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), achieving chemical information on the total lipid fraction. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ESI-Q-ToF was carried out for the characterisation of the profile of free fatty acids (FFA) and acylglycerols, defining the nature of the oils used in the paint formulations, and for the determination of the degree of hydrolysis. This study demonstrated that relative humidity conditions significantly influence the chemical composition of the paints. Ageing under high RH% conditions produced an increase of the formation of dicarboxylic acids compared to ageing under low RH%, for all paints, in addition to a higher degree of hydrolysis, followed by evaporation of free fatty acids.
Regional gender differences in an autosomal disease result in corresponding diversity differences
Authors: Guan Shenmin , Zhao Yingying , Zhuo Xiao , Song Wenhui , Geng Xiaorui , Yang Huanming , Wang Jian , Wu Xinhua , Yang Jinlong , Song Xin , Cheng Le
Published: April 2019

Regional gender differences in autosomal chromosome disorders have been observed repeatedly. However, the corresponding diversity changes remain unconfirmed. By analyzing previously published thalassemia data from the Dai people in Dehong and Xishuangbanna (two regions in Yunnan Province, China), we found that several sequence types, including HBA CNV and HBB mutations, significantly depend on gender in Xishuangbanna but not in Dehong. With the supportive evidence from previous researches, we accept that some certain mutations depend on gender regionally. This association seems peculiar. It is among one common people on a small geographical scale, while other recorded thalassemia gender difference varies by ethnics and continent.
Flexible, transparent patterned electrodes based on graphene oxide/silver nanowire nanocomposites fabricated utilizing an accelerated ultraviolet/ozone process to control silver nanowire degradation
Authors: Choo Dong Chul , Bae Sang Kyung , Kim Tae Whan
Published: April 2019

We developed flexible, transparent patterned electrodes, which were fabricated utilizing accelerated ultraviolet/ozone (UV/O3)-treated graphene oxide (GO)/silver nanowire (Ag-NW) nanocomposites via a simple, low-cost pattern process to investigate the feasibility of promising applications in flexible/wearable electronic and optoelectronic devices. The UV/O3 process of the GO/Ag-NW electrode was accelerated by the pre-heat treatment, and the degradation interruption of Ag NWs was removed by the GO treatment. After the deposition of the GO-treated Ag NW electrodes, the sheet resistance of the thermally annealed GO-treated Ag-NW electrodes was significantly increased by using the UV/O3 treatment, resulting in a deterioration of the GO-treated Ag NWs in areas exposed to the UV/O3 treatment. The degradation of the Ag NWs caused by the UV/O3 treatment was confirmed by using the sheet resistances, scanning electron microscopy images, X-ray photoelectron microscopy spectra, and transmittance spectra. While the sheet resistance of the low-density Ag-NW electrode was considerably increased due to the pre-thermal treatment at 90 °C for 10 min, that of the high-density Ag-NW electrode did not vary significantly even after a UV/O3 treatment for a long time. The degradation interference phenomenon caused by the UV/O3 treatment in the high-density Ag NWs could be removed by using a GO treatment, which resulted in the formation of a Ag-NW electrode pattern suitable for promising applications in flexible organic light-emitting devices. The GO treatment decreased the sheet resistance of the Ag-NW electrode and enabled the pattern to be formed by using the UV/O3 treatment. The selective degradation of Ag NWs due to UV/O3 treatment decreased the transparency of the Ag-NW electrode by about 8% and significantly increased its sheet resistance more than 100 times.
Somatosensory-guided tool use modifies arm representation for action
Authors: Martel M. , Cardinali L. , Bertonati G. , Jouffrais C. , Finos L. , Farnè A. , Roy A. C.
Published: April 2019

Tool-use changes both peripersonal space and body representations, with several effects being nowadays termed tool embodiment. Since somatosensation was typically accompanied by vision in most previous tool use studies, whether somatosensation alone is sufficient for tool embodiment remains unknown. Here we address this question via a task assessing arm length representation at an implicit level. Namely, we compared movement’s kinematics in blindfolded healthy participants when grasping an object before and after tool-use. Results showed longer latencies and smaller peaks in the arm transport component after tool-use, consistent with an increased length of arm representation. No changes were found in the hand grip component and correlations revealed similar kinematic signatures in naturally long-armed participants. Kinematics changes did not interact with target object position, further corroborating the finding that somatosensory-guided tool use may increase the represented size of the participants’ arm. Control experiments ruled out alternative interpretations based upon altered hand position sense. In addition, our findings indicate that tool-use effects are specific for the implicit level of arm representation, as no effect was observed on the explicit estimate of the forearm length. These findings demonstrate for the first time that somatosensation is sufficient for incorporating a tool that has never been seen, nor used before.
Uranium-rich diagenetic fluids provide the key to unconformity-related uranium mineralization in the Athabasca Basin
Authors: Chi Guoxiang , Chu Haixia , Petts Duane , Potter Eric , Jackson Simon , Williams-Jones Anthony
Published: April 2019

The Proterozoic Athabasca Basin is well known for its unusually large-tonnage and high-grade ‘unconformity-related’ uranium (U) deposits, however, explanations for the basin-wide U endowment have not been clearly identified. Previous studies indicate that U-rich brines with up to ~600 ppm U and variable Na/Ca ratios (from Na-dominated to Ca-dominated) were present at the sites of U mineralization, but it is unknown whether such fluids were developed solely in the vicinity of the U deposits or at a basinal scale. Our microthermometric and LA-ICP-MS analyses of fluid inclusions in quartz overgrowths from the barren part of the basin indicate that U-rich brines (0.6 to 26.8 ppm U), including Na-dominated and Ca-dominated varieties, were widely developed in the basin. These U concentrations, although not as high as the highest found in the U deposits, are more than two orders of magnitude higher than most naturally occurring geologic fluids. The basin-scale development of U-rich diagenetic fluids is interpreted to be related to several geologic factors, including availability of basinal brines and U-rich lithologies, and a hydrogeologic framework that facilitated fluid circulation and U leaching. The combination of these favorable conditions is responsible for the U fertility of the Athabasca Basin.
Ion-recognizable Smart Gating Membranes
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Chu Liang-Yin
Published: April 2019

This chapter introduces ion-recognizable smart gating membranes in terms of their design, production and performance as well as applications. First, the design and fabrication of ion responsive membranes possessing functional gates comprising poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) chains as actuators and crown ether units as ion sensors are described. Then, two types of ion-recognizable membranes with positively and negatively responsive properties are introduced. In the presence, or with an increase, of ions in the environment, the positively-responsive gating membrane's permeability increases; meanwhile, the negatively-responsive gating membrane exhibits the opposite performance. Finally, the prospective for potential conundrums in the progress and industrial application of ion-recognizable smart or intelligent gating membranes is discussed.
Intercalation of first row transition metals inside covalent-organic frameworks (COFs): a strategy to fine tune the electronic properties of porous crystalline materials
Authors: Pakhira Srimanta , Mendoza-Cortes Jose L.
Published: April 2019

Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as an important class of nano-porous crystalline materials with many potential applications. Here we present an strategy to control their electronic properties.
Nanoscale colloids induce metabolic disturbance of zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations
Authors: Kang Weilu , Li Xiaokang , Mu Li , Hu Xiangang
Published: April 2019

Nanoscale colloids are widely distributed in surface water, although the specific properties of nanoscale colloids and their effects on aquatic organisms remain largely unknown.
A selective extraction method for recovery of monofunctional methoxyphenols from biomass pyrolysis liquids
Authors: Mante Ofei D. , Thompson Samuel J. , Mustapha Soukri , Dayton David C.
Published: April 2019

Selective method for separation of phenolic compounds from biomass pyrolysis liquids.
Synthesis and immunogenicity of theMycobacterium tuberculosisarabinomannan–CRM197 conjugate
Authors: Chang Yunsong , Meng Xin , Li Yaxin , Liang Jianmei , Li Tingshen , Meng Demei , Zhu Tao , Yu Peng
Published: April 2019

This paper describes the synthesis of the well-defined lipoarabinomannan (LAM) specific dodecasaccharide–protein conjugate and immunological studies.
Ethylene glycol-based solar-thermal fluids dispersed with reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Shu Lei , Zhang Jingyi , Fu Benwei , Xu Jiale , Tao Peng , Song Chengyi , Shang Wen , Wu Jianbo , Deng Tao
Published: April 2019

Ethylene glycol nanofluids uniformly dispersed with reduced graphene oxide were prepared for medium-temperature direct absorption-based solar-thermal energy harvesting.
Vanadyl β-tetrabromoporphyrin: synthesis, crystal structure and its use as an efficient and selective catalyst for olefin epoxidation in aqueous medium
Authors: Dar Tawseef Ahmad , Tomar Reshu , Mian Rasel Mohammad , Sankar Muniappan , Maurya Mannar Ram
Published: April 2019

We have synthesized β-tetrabromo-meso-tetraphenylporphyrinatooxidovanadium(iv) (VOTPPBr4) which possesses high thermal stability and nonplanar macrocyclic core. Further, it was utilized for selective epoxidation of olefins in good yields with very high TOF numbers.
Visible light mediated, metal-free carbene transfer reactions of diazoalkanes with propargylic alcohols
Authors: He Feifei , Koenigs Rene M.
Published: April 2019

The photolysis of donor–acceptor diazoalkanes in the presence of propargylic alcohols furnishes valuable, sterically demanding tetra-substituted cyclopropenes in high yield under metal-free conditions.
A covalently linked dimer of [Ag25(DMBT)18]−
Authors: Bodiuzzaman Mohammad , Nag Abhijit , Pradeep Narayanan Raghu , Chakraborty Ankush , Bag Ranjit , Paramasivam Ganesan , Natarajan Ganapati , Sekar Govindasamy , Ghosh Sundargopal , Pradeep Thalappil
Published: April 2019

We report the first example of a covalently bound dimer of monolayer protected atomically precise silver nanocluster [Ag25(DMBT)18]− (DMBT stands for 2,4-dimethylbenzenethiol).
Electrochemical fabrication of fibrin gels via cascade reaction for cell culture
Authors: Taira Noriko , Ino Kosuke , Kumagai Tatsuki , Nashimoto Yuji , Shiku Hitoshi
Published: April 2019

We present a new strategy for fabricating fibrin gels by electrochemically controlling a cascade reaction and its application in cell culture.
An anthranilamide-substituted borane [H–B(aam)]: its stability and application to iridium-catalyzed stereoselective hydroboration of alkynes
Authors: Yoshida Hiroto , Kimura Miki , Tanaka Hideya , Murashige Yuya , Kageyuki Ikuo , Osaka Itaru
Published: April 2019

A robust borane [H–B(aam)] was synthesized and used for Ir-catalyzed stereoselective hydroboration of terminal alkynes.
Computational models explain how copper binding to amyloid-β peptide oligomers enhances oxidative pathways
Authors: La Penna Giovanni , Li Mai Suan
Published: April 2019

Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are intrinsically disordered peptides and their aggregation is the major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development.
Encapsulation of ε-viniferin in onion-type multi-lamellar liposomes increases its solubility and its photo-stability and decreases its cytotoxicity on Caco-2 intestinal cells
Authors: Courtois Arnaud , Garcia Manon , Krisa Stéphanie , Atgié Claude , Sauvant Patrick , Richard Tristan , Faure Chrystel
Published: April 2019

ε-Viniferin, a resveratrol dimer, was encapsulated in multi-lamellar liposomes, which reduced its cytotoxicity and photosensitivity.
Polymeric ionic liquids tailored by different chain groups for the efficient conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates
Authors: Ying Ting , Tan Xin , Su Qian , Cheng Weiguo , Dong Li , Zhang Suojiang
Published: April 2019

A heterogeneous polymeric ionic liquid exhibits nearly equivalent activity to its monomer for CO2 conversion into cyclic carbonates.
Transition-metal-free S–N bond formation: synthesis of 5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazoles from isothiocyanates and amidines
Authors: Yang Zan , Cao Ting , Liu Si , Li An , Liu Kun , Yang Tao , Zhou Congshan
Published: April 2019

A novel and green method for the synthesis of 5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazoles has been developed by the reaction of isothiocyanates with amidines.
RAFT-photomediated PISA in dispersion: mechanism, optical properties and application in templated synthesis
Authors: Tkachenko Vitalii , Matei Ghimbeu Camélia , Vaulot Cyril , Vidal Loïc , Poly Julien , Chemtob Abraham
Published: April 2019

Diblock copolymer nanoparticles were prepared by photomediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (“photo-PISA”) in dispersion.
Fe(ii) and Mn(ii) removal by Ca(ii)–manganite (γ-MnOOH)-modified red mud granules in water
Authors: Su Yingying , Zhu Qi , Li Jian , Wang Dongdong , Xing Zipeng , Fang Lei
Published: April 2019

The use of the waste of aluminum industry to prepare effective polluted materials for the treatment of underground water.
Synthesis of Ni4.5Fe4.5S8/Ni3S2 film on Ni3Fe alloy foam as an excellent electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Qin Shili , Lei Jinlong , Xiong Yun , Xu Xiaohu , Geng Xinhua , Wang Jiahai
Published: April 2019

Ni4.5Fe4.5S8/Ni3S2‖Ni3Fe composite materials show excellent OER electrocatalytic performance in alkaline solutions.
Deep-learning-based target screening and similarity search for the predicted inhibitors of the pathways in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Khan Abbas , Chandra Kaushik Aman , Ali Syed Shujait , Ahmad Nisar , Wei Dong-Qing
Published: April 2019

Herein, a two-stepde novoapproach was developed for the prediction of piperine targets and another prediction of similar (piperine) compounds from a small molecule library using a deep-learning method.
Synthesis of new polyesters by acyclic diene metathesis polymerization of bio-based α,ω-dienes prepared from eugenol and castor oil (undecenoate)
Authors: Le Duy , Samart Chanatip , Kongparakul Suwadee , Nomura Kotohiro
Published: April 2019

Synthesis of high molecular weight polymers by acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization of α,ω-diene prepared from bio-renewable eugenol and castor oil (undecenoate) has been demonstrated.
Telechemistry: monitoring chemical reactionsviathe cloud using the Particle Photon Wi-Fi module
Authors: Prabhu Gurpur Rakesh D. , Witek Henryk A. , Urban Pawel L.
Published: April 2019

A popular electronic module and the associated Internet-of-Things tools provide chemists with more control over long-term experimental procedures and enhance lab work safety.
Impact of various dopant elements on the properties of kesterite compounds for solar cell applications: a status review
Authors: Dhawale Dattatray S. , Ali Adnan , Lokhande Abhishek C.
Published: April 2019

Schematic diagram of the impact of dopant elements on the properties of kesterite compounds for solar cell applications, including device parameters.
A tandem redox system with a cobalt complex and 2-azaadamantane-N-oxyl for fast dye regeneration and open circuit voltages exceeding 1 V
Authors: Flores-Díaz Natalie , Bahng Hee-won , Vlachopoulos Nikolaos , Moser Jacques-E. , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Grätzel Michael , Hagfeldt Anders
Published: April 2019

Tandem electrolyte systems with Co(bpy)33+/2+ and the organic radical 2-azaadamantane-N-oxyl reaching a VOC over 1 V were studied.
Inlay of ultrafine Ru nanoparticles into a self-supported Ni(OH)2 nanoarray for hydrogen evolution with low overpotential and enhanced kinetics
Authors: Chen Qian-Qian , Yang Xiao , Hou Chun-Chao , Li Kai , Chen Yong
Published: April 2019

The “spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction” strategy is used to inlay ultrafine Ru nanoparticles (∼1.5–2.0 nm) into a Ni(OH)2 nanoarray on Ni foam for efficient H2 evolution in 1.0 M KOH.
Fundus image quality assessment: survey, challenges, and future scope
Authors: Raj Aditya , Tiwari Anil Kumar , Martini Maria G.
Published: April 2019

Various ocular diseases, such as cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma have affected a large proportion of the population worldwide. In ophthalmology, fundus photography is used for the diagnosis of such retinal disorders. Nowadays, the set‐up of fundus image acquisition has changed from a fixed position to portable devices, making acquisition more vulnerable to distortions. However, a trustworthy diagnosis solely relies upon the quality of the fundus image. In recent years, fundus image quality assessment (IQA) has drawn much attention from researchers. This study presents a detailed survey of the fundus IQA research. The survey covers a comprehensive discussion on the factors affecting the fundus image quality and the real‐time distortions. The fundus IQA algorithms have been analysed on the basis of the methodologies used and divided into three classes, namely: (i) similarity‐based, (ii) segmentation‐based, and (iii) machine learning based. In addition, limitations of state of the art in this research field are also presented with the possible solutions. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed information about the fundus IQA research with its significance, present status, limitations, and future scope. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first survey paper on the fundus IQA research.
Wind turbine participation in micro‐grid frequency control through self‐tuning, adaptive fuzzy droop in de‐loaded area
Authors: Abazari Ahmadreza , Ghazavi Dozein Mehdi , Monsef Hassan , Wu Bin
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this research is to present an innovative load frequency control in the presence of wind turbines in islanded micro‐grid (MG). As islanded MG suffers from low inertia and insufficient primary frequency response (PFR), utilising the variable wind turbines in de‐loaded area can be considered as an alternative solution to deal with frequency control problems. In this context, the de‐load area is referred to a region where wind turbines release their stored kinetic energy in rotational masses following frequency disturbances. For effective utilisation of wind turbines, a self‐tuning, adaptive fuzzy droop is proposed, whose membership function parameters are optimised through artificial bee colony algorithm based on a multi‐objective decision making process. A comparison is made between the obtained results of the self‐tuning, adaptive fuzzy droop with conventional proportional integral derivative droop control in order to assess the proposed method performance in different disturbances.
FEM‐coupled simulations and genetic algorithm model applied to reduce the torque ripple of a 2‐phase SR motor drive
Authors: Correa Daniel A.P. , Nabeta Silvio I. , Pereira Fabio H. , da Silva Jorge A. , da Silva Wanderlei M.
Published: April 2019

In order to reduce the torque ripple of SR motor drive, this work proposes a new methodology based on the converter, controller, and motor modelling, associated with a genetic algorithm optimisation model which uses the electromagnetic vibration data to calculate the best firing angles for the inverter power switches. To implement the power electronic motor drive model and the optimisation procedure, it was used, respectively, with coupled FEM simulations resources and a MATLAB Script. In this work, they were tested with two inverter commutation strategies whose values were validated through the comparison with the experimental results. The simulated and experimental values converge in the same direction, validating the proposed methodology.
Frequency analysis and representation of slowly diffusing planetary solutions
Authors: Fu Y. N. , Laskar J.
Published: April 2019

Context. Over short time-intervals, planetary ephemerides have traditionally been represented in analytical form as finite sums of periodic terms or sums of Poisson terms that are periodic terms with polynomial amplitudes. This representation is not well adapted for the evolution of planetary orbits in the solar system over million of years which present drifts in their main frequencies as a result of the chaotic nature of their dynamics.

Aims. We aim to develop a numerical algorithm for slowly diffusing solutions of a perturbed integrable Hamiltonian system that will apply for the representation of chaotic planetary motions with varying frequencies.

Methods. By simple analytical considerations, we first argue that it is possible to exactly recover a single varying frequency. Then, a function basis involving time-dependent fundamental frequencies is formulated in a semi-analytical way. Finally, starting from a numerical solution, a recursive algorithm is used to numerically decompose the solution into the significant elements of the function basis.

Results. Simple examples show that this algorithm can be used to give compact representations of different types of slowly diffusing solutions. As a test example, we show that this algorithm can be successfully applied to obtain a very compact approximation of the La2004 solution of the orbital motion of the Earth over 40 Myr ([−35 Myr, 5 Myr]). This example was chosen because this solution is widely used in the reconstruction of the past climates.
A tidal tale: detection of several stellar streams in the environment of NGC 1052
Authors: Müller Oliver , Rich R. Michael , Román Javier , Yıldız Mustafa K. , Bílek Michal , Duc Pierre-Alain , Fensch Jérémy , Trujillo Ignacio , Koch Andreas
Published: April 2019

The possible existence of two dark-matter-free galaxies (NGC 1052-DF2 and NGC 1052-DF4) in the field of the early-type galaxy NGC 1052 presents a challenge to theories of dwarf galaxy formation according to the current cosmological paradigm. We carried out a search for signatures of past interactions connected to the putative hosts of NGC 1052-DF2 and NGC 1052-DF4 using a very deep L-band image obtained with the 0.7 m Jeanne Rich telescope that reach a surface brightness limit of 28.5 mag arcsec−2 in the r band. We found several low-surface brightness features, possibly consistent with an ongoing merger history in this group. We find a tidal interaction between NGC 1052 and NGC 1047, confirming a physical association. Furthermore, we find a stellar loop around NGC 1052 in the direction of NGC 1042 and a stellar stream pointing in the direction of NGC 1052-DF2, but they are not directly connected. We find no evidence for a recent tidal interaction for NGC 1052-DF2 and NGC 1052-DF4. No LSB features have been uncovered around the spiral galaxy NGC 1042, which leaves the association (physical or projected) between NGC 1052 and NGC 1042 ambiguous, although they have similar radial velocities. Their association will only be established when accurate distances to both objects have been measured.
Surface-modified fibrous membranes for fuel cell application
Authors: Nor Fadzil Noor Fatina Emelin , Abouzari-Lotf Ebrahim , Jacob Mohan V. , Che Jusoh Nurfatehah Wahyuny , Ahmad Arshad
Published: April 2019

Low permeability layers of poly(1-vinylimidazole) were polymerised and deposited onto both sides of electrospun polyethersulfone (PES) nanofibrous sheet radiofrequency plasma. The layers not only act as an efficient fuel barrier layer but also impart high and stable proton conductivity, as well as better chemical and dimensional stabilities. Typically, the composite membrane exhibited methanol permeability as low as 33.20 x 10-8 cm2 s-1 and high through-plane proton conductivity of 52.4 mS cm-1 at 95% RH, indicating membrane selectivity of 0.675 x 108 mS.s cm-3, which is approximately 33 times greater than the selectivity of N115 under similar conditions.
Tipping fee determination to support the waste to energy concept at the city of Depok, Indonesia
Authors: Farizal  , Ekky Tammarar
Published: April 2019

This study determines the tipping fee of municipal solid waste in the city of Depok. Two methods used to determine the fee were the income and outcome approach, and the limited resource approach. Two conditions were assumed (i.e., waste management and landfill gas bioreactor availability). From the results, the ideal tipping fee was 97,704 IDR/tonne and the application of a landfill gas reactor could boost income, thus reduced the amount of the fee collected, especially in the early years of the landfill bioreactor in operation. The fees were 40,032 and 63,337 IDR/tonne for scenario 1 and 2, respectively.
Synthesis of composite thin-film polymer consisting of tungsten and zinc oxide as hydrogen gas detector
Authors: Alister G. Willis , Haron Saharudin
Published: April 2019

A composite polymer consisting of polyaniline (PANI) was synthesised via oxidative polymerisation by varying concentrations of transitional metal oxides and the presence of a hydrogen dissociation catalyst, palladium (Pd). The metal oxides chosen for this study were tungsten oxide (WO3) and zinc oxide (ZnO). The composite polymer samples were characterised using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy where ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy was used to observe the optical changes of the thin films due to exposure to hydrogen. The FTIR spectra obtained confirmed the synthesis of PANI composite. Based on the UV-VIS analysis, PANI-ZnO composite polymer showed the highest difference in peak intensity before and after exposure to hydrogen with 11.4% difference.
Human factors issues in basic offshore survival and emergency training for platforms in tropical water
Authors: Norafneeza Norazahar , Anwar Johari , Nur Azizah Arryanie Morshidi
Published: April 2019

The presence of human factors in escape and evacuation on offshore installations has been studied by many researchers and engineers. The studies lack of analysis on human factors in the design of emergency equipment to increase chances of success during emergencies. This paper presents the survey on basic offshore safety and emergency training for individuals working on platforms in tropical water. The main objective of the research is to identify human factors issues faced by individuals performing escape and evacuation on offshore platforms in tropical water. A set of questionnaires was distributed to 16 individuals participating in the Tropical Basic Offshore Safety Induction and Emergency Training (T-BOSIET) at Terengganu Safety Training Centre, Kemaman.
Sensorless vector control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Zhiligotov Ruslan , Shestakov Vyacheslav , Sosnin Vladymyr , Popkov Evgeniy
Published: April 2019

The most common control system for a synchronous motor with permanent magnets is a vector control system. The construction of such a system has a number of difficulties, one of them is the need to have information about the current position of the rotor. Data on the position of the rotor can be obtained using sensors, or include a supervisor in the control system. The article describes an adaptive observer of the position and speed of the rotor of a synchronous motor with permanent magnets. This observer is used in the system of sensorless vector control of the electric drive. The presented version of the observer of the engine state is realized by creating a model in the Matlab Simulink software package. The results of experimental verification of the presented observer at the stand with the use of an engine with a power of 200 W are shown. The aim of the work is to develop an observer that is stable to changing drive parameters. This is achieved by using a relay unit in the view of the observer, which implements the slip mode.
Mathematical modeling of electromagnetic environment at railroad junctions
Authors: Buyakova Natalya , Zakaryukin Vasiliy , Kryukov Andrey
Published: April 2019

Results of computer-aided studies of electromagnetic environment at railroad junctions of alternating current electrified railroads having voltage of 25 kV are presented. A large number of lines and overhead catenaries significantly complicate the picture of electromagnetic field distribution. The nature of the field distribution in space is significantly affected by the rolling stock on station tracks. Besides, the task of electromagnetic environment modeling is complicated by the presence of underground pipelines and enclosures, and reinforced concrete passenger platforms. During the transfer of power of 10 + j10 MV·A through the junction of overhead system, the magnetic field strength at a level of 1,8 m is considerably less than the magnetic strength at a railway haul due to current distribution on overhead system of several tracks. Magnetic field strength levels in calculation examples do not exceed amplitude of 30 A/m. The train performance leads to changes in the strengths of the electrical and magnetic fields. The dynamics of changes is presented as a result of simulation modeling of train movement modes.
Calculation of fire resistance of building structures in software packages
Authors: Dmitriev Ivan , Lyulikov Vladimir , Bazhenova Olga , Bayanov Dmitry
Published: April 2019

In the article a review of modern software systems allowing calculating the distribution of temperature fields in a structure in time, without loading and with it (the fire resistance limit of structures) under conditions of a special fire load has been given. The algorithm of the finite element method is used for the calculations, on which each of the considered complexes is based. Specifically: Sofistik, Abaqus, Normcad, Ansys, Robot structure. Comparative analysis has been made from the point of view of intuitive user interface, the possibilities of modeling various conditions and fire regimes, tools for communication with other software complexes and the format of output of results. The results demonstrating the capabilities of the post-processor Sofistik have been presented.
Innovative technologies for low-rise construction
Authors: Zhukov Aleksey , Dovydenko Timofey , Kozlov Sergey , Ter-Zakaryan Karapet , Bobrova Ekaterina
Published: April 2019

The article presents the results of the implementation of promising areas of construction and construction of low-rise buildings. The problems of improving the environmental safety and financial stability of agricultural construction through the implementation of effective systems that provide energy conservation, the creation of comfortable conditions in the rooms are considered. It is noted that a factor that has been given special attention in recent years is the environmental safety of the materials used and the reduction of the negative load on the environment of systems using these materials. The article provides the rationale that the heat-efficient system should not only be based on the use of materials with low thermal conductivity, but should also suggest a reasonable minimization of the joints between the products included in the insulation sheath and between products and structures. In constructions with the use of polyethylene foam, seamless insulating sheath is formed, which has high thermal resistance. The low vapor and wind permeability and moisture conductivity of polyethylene foam makes it possible to dispense with the construction without additional vapor barrier and wind protection, which improves the performance of the casing and its durability due to the reduction in the complexity of manufacturing wall structures.