bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Segmentation and Analysis of Knee Femoral Cartilage for Osteoarthritis using MR Images
Authors: Revathi S A , Holi G
Published: April 2021

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease of femoral knee cartilage impairment and can be analyzed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Early detection of the disease helps patient from severe damages. Hence segmentation of knee cartilage is based on pixels of the image. We propose a Femoral Knee Cartilage degeneration method by 3 components: Preprocessing is done to standardize intensity and spatial characteristics and then Segmentation is carried out by registration, transformations and wrapping of reference image and results are verified using Dice Similarity Coefficients; Cartilage thickness is visualized by clouds using morphology and relaxometry. This paper aims at analyzing the femoral segmented cartilage thickness and volume via Pearson coefficients. Ground truth segmentation resulted in an average DICS Coefficient of 0.86. Pearson’s coefficients were 0.96 for cartilage thickness and 0.98 for cartilage volume.
Quantifying the Reliable Discharges as an Incipient Analysis of Agricultural Planning and Developing in Ciujung Watershed
Authors: Purnaditya N P , Asyiah S
Published: April 2021

Rainfall-run-off modelling could estimate the surface water discharges according to the rainfall data record. The incremental rainfall derives the reliable rainfall in many probabilities, and then it becomes reliable discharges after rainfall-run-off modelling processes. The standard models to derive rainfall to discharges are F.J. Mock and NRECA. Both models use rainfall, meteorology, and climatology data as the primary information. Location of this research was in the Ciujung watershed, Banten province. The objective of this research was estimating the potential surface water in Ciujung watershed. Rainfall data recording from January 1997 until December 2018 will derive the reliable rainfall of 50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 99% probability. The meteorology and climatology information were following the days of rainfall, sunshine ratio, wind velocity, air temperature, and relative humidity. The results give information about the potential of reliable discharges in the Ciujung watershed. As the agricultural planning and developing purpose, the 80% reliable discharges Q80 becomes the fundamental consideration. It forecasts maximum discharges in a range of 60 m3/s to 80 m3/s and the minimum discharges in the range of 0.1 m3/s to 0.6 m3/s. These values become the threshold in agricultural planning and development. The advance analysis is quantifying the human needs of water, and the remaining value can be as the potential discharges for agricultural purpose. Further research will accommodate these analyses.
Revenue and Feasibility Analysis of Celery (Apium Graveolens L.) in Lingkar Selatan Village Paal Merah District Jambi City
Authors: Suharyon  , Edi S
Published: April 2021

The research objective was to analyze the income and feasibility of cultivating celery in the production centers. The research was conducted in Lingkar Selatan Village, Paal Merah District, Jambi Province in July 2018. The data collected included primary data in the form of information from farmers as well as secondary data and conditions of the research area, the potential of social and economic. Primary data were collected using survey techniques, interviews with farmers and key information using a questionnaire. The sample was determined randomly from the population of celery farmers at the study site, totaling 25 cooperator farmers. The data analysis technique included tabulation analysis which is used to understand the farmers’ financial farming conditions, and the economic feasibility analysis used the R / C ratio. The results of research on celery farming showed that this business was profitable with a total profit Rp. 11,121,000,-. BEP calculation, the BEP unit is 558 kg, the rupiah BEP is Rp. 14,721, and the R / C ratio value is 1.17, so it can be concluded that the celery farming in this study is profitable and feasible to continue.
Environmental Carrying Capacity for Food Availability in Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province
Authors: Mirajiani
Published: April 2021

Environmental Carrying Capacity is the ability of the environment to support the life of humans and other living creatures and the balance between the two. Food availability and agricultural land are variables to quantify the carrying capacity of the environment for food Availability. This study aimed to analyze the carrying capacity of the field and agricultural land for sustainable food availability in Pandeglang Regency and to analyze how food availability is in Pandeglang Regency. The study used the quantitative methodology approach with literature. The results of the study showed environmental supporting capacity in Pandeglang Regency in all sub-districts, the availability of food produced from the area of agricultural land be exceeded the need or demand for food. This means that Pandeglang Regency has the potential to achieve food Availability and food independence. The carrying capacity of the environment, in this case is the carrying capacity of agricultural land, could be managed properly to meet the food needs of the entire population and able be developed to obtain a surplus in food production. The achievement of sustainable food Availability in Pandeglang Regency is determined by environmental management, especially the optimization of food and land carrying capacity in the local area.
Analysis on Factors Affecting The Risk of Rice Farming Production in West Tanjung Jabung Regency
Authors: Yardha  , Wahyudi E , Wafi A
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to determine factors affecting the risk of paddy rice farming in West Tanjung Jabung regency. Respondents were determined using the simple random sampling method. The number of samples taken was 90 farmers from 250 farmer populations. The measurement of production risk used the Just and Pope method. The results of the study indicated that those variabels such as seeds, urea fertilizer, Sp36 fertilizer, and insecticides can significantly reduce the risk of lowland rice production, while organic fertilizers do not significantly reduce the risk of lowland rice production. Production factors that significantly affect the risk of rice production were fertilizer (KCl), organic fertilizer and labor.
Risk Analysis of Rice Farming in Alue Merbau Village, East Langsa Sub-District, Langsa City
Authors: Saragih F H , Hanisah  , Alham F
Published: April 2021

Rice is the main agricultural commodity in Langsa City which participates in efforts to support government programs, namely special efforts for soybean corn rice. However, a decrease in farm productivity will be a risk in farming. This research was aimed to determine the risk to farmers prices, production and income of rice farming in Alue Merbau village, East Langsa sub-district, Langsa. The research was designed as descriptive and analytical research. The sampling farmers was selected by using simple random sampling and structural review. The method if this research used coefficient variance as analytical tools in this research. The result showed that coefficient of variation of cost risk was low, meanwhile income and production risk were high. It’s indicate that the rice farming was unefficient and the farmers never record all the expense.
The Role of the Sawangan Organic Rice Farmers Association in Increasing the Economic Value of Organic Rice: Case Study in Sawangan, Magelang
Authors: Setiawati A , Wijaya M , Setyowati R
Published: April 2021

Abstrak

The role of the Sawangan Organic Rice Farmers Association in increasing the economic value of organic rice is an effort to make farmers more empowered. This study aimed to analyze the Sawangan Organic Rice Farmers Association’s role in empowering organic rice farmers In the Sawangan sub-district, Magelang District. The research method is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection was done by using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Informants as data sources were determined by purposive sampling. The results of this study indicated that the Sawangan Organic Rice Farmers Association, as a facilitator, had carried out various essential roles in empowering organic rice farmers. Empowerment was carried out through education by delivering marketing information and technical guidance on post-harvest processing, the role of facilitation in helping provide convenience, the role of advocacy, and the role of monitoring and evaluation. The role played by the Sawangan Organic Rice Farmers Association encourages changes in increasing the economic value of organic rice.
Tuba root (Derris elliptica Benth) flour extract concentration assay to control the corn cob borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubn.)
Authors: Rustam R , Salbiah D , Rismawanto R , Saputra R
Published: April 2021

Pests that attack the corn crop are cob borers (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner). The pest control can be done using tubal root botanical insecticide (Derris elliptica Benth.). This study aims to obtain the best concentration of tuba root powder extract in controlling the corn cob borer pests H. armigera. Research has been carried out at the Plant Pest Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, University of Riau. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments given were several concentrations of tuba root powder extract, namely 0 gr.l−1 of water, 20 gr.l−1 of water, 40 gr.l−1 of water, 60 gr.l−1 of water, 80 gr.l−1 of water and 100 gr.l−1 of water. The parameters observed were initial death, lethal time 50, lethal concentration 50 and 95, daily mortality and total mortality. Daily mortality data obtained from the results of the study were analyzed descriptively and displayed in graphical form, data lethal concentration (LC50 and LC95) were probit analyzed using the POLO-PC program, while other data such as initial death, total mortality, lethal time (LT50), statistically analyzed using a variance. Data from analysis of variance will be continued using the smallest significant difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The application concentration of tuba root extract with 100 g.l-1 of water is the best concentration to control larvae of H. armigera with an initial time of death 26.50 hours, 67.50 hours of LT50, highest daily mortality on the fourth day by 40% and total larval mortality by 87.5%.
Improvement of shallots (Allium ascalonicum) cultivation on paddy fields to increase shallots yields and farmers’ income during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Haryani D , Hadiatry M C , Yuniarti S , Purba R
Published: April 2021

Shallots productivity can be increased through improved cultivation by using high-quality varieties and organic fertilizers. The objective of the present study was to determine the growth and yields of shallots with the application of “Kompota”; the organic fertilizers enriched with microbes (Azospirillum sp, Azotobacter sp, and Aeromonas sp). The experiment was carried out from April to July 2020 in Panimbang Jaya village of Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province. The study used a randomized block design, consisting of 4 treatments and 8 replications. Treatment (P1): Urea 180 kg/ha+SP-36 100 kg/ha+NPK Phonska 500 kg/ha+KCl 60 kg/ha, (P2): chicken manure 5 ton/ha+Urea 180 kg/ha+SP-36 100 kg/ha+NPK Phonska 500 kg/ha+KCl 60 kg/ha, (P3): Petroganik 1 ton/ha+ Urea 180 kg/ha+SP-36 100 kg/ha+NPK Phonska 500 kg/ha+KCl 60 kg/ha, (P4): Kompota 1 ton/ha+ Urea 180 kg/ha+SP-36 100 kg/ha+NPK Phonska 500 kg/ha+KCl 60 kg/ha. The variety used was Bima. From the results, P4 gave the best plant growth with plant height 47.01 cm, the number of leaves 43.55 strands, the number of tubers 11.54 per clump, and gave the highest shallot yields (9.57 ton/ha). During the Covid-19 pandemic, with the average selling price of shallot bulbs of IDR 25,000/kg, farmers gained IDR 174.744.000/ha/season.
Correlation study of soil test on phosphorus in ultisol soil for shallots (Allium ascalonicum l.)
Authors: Lestari I P , Susila A D , Sutandi A , Nursyamsi D
Published: April 2021

The research objective was to determine the best soil P extraction method for shallot plants in Ultisols. This study used a single location approach. The selected location was in Kentrong village, Malangsari Village, Cipanas, Lebak, Banten Province. The research was conducted from March 2015 to May 2016, consisting of two stages, namely the creation of P nutrient status and correlation testing through planting in polybags in a greenhouse. Preparation of soil P nutrient status using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) from very low to very high (0X, 1 / 4X, 1 / 2X, 3 / 4X, and X), where X is half of the maximum absorption of 1033.3 kg P ha−1 . Fertilizer P was incubated for three months, then taking soil samples in each plot for analysis of soil P content. Soil P content analysis used five different extraction methods, namely Bray I (0.025 N HCl + 0.03 N NH4F solution), Bray II (NH4F 0.03 N + HCl 0.10 N), Mehlich I (0.0125 M H2SO4 + 0.05 M HCl), Morgan Wolf (NaC2H2H3O2.3H2O; pH 4.8), and Truog (0.02 N H2SO4 + (NH4) 2SO4). The planting of shallots in polybags was carried out in the greenhouse of Jakarta Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, using a completely randomized design (CRD), with five replications. The results showed that the best soil P nutrient extraction method for shallot plants in Ultisols was the Truog method with a correlation coefficient of 0.77 and 0.84 for the correlation between soil P content and relative yields of plant dry weight and the correlation between soil P content and Uptake P. The results of this study can be used to determine recommendations for P fertilization on shallots in an Ultisol soil.
Heavy metal uptake and transition across the links of soil-plant-animal-food chain
Authors: Volkov R , Samigullin D
Published: April 2021

Increasing levels of environmental pollution with toxic substances contributes to their accumulation in the links of the soil-plant-animal system. An ecosystem in areas with various technogenic load was analyzed and most common environmental pollutants for each area were identified. The coefficients of the transition and accumulation of heavy metals in the links of the food chain were calculated and a strict correlation of animal welfare and dairy quality with environmental condition was shown. The study of the transfer coefficient of heavy metals in the soil-plant-animal-food chain is important for the development of new methods for reducing the level of heavy metals in livestock products.
Potassium nutrition differentially affect early growth and leaf greenness of shallot under micro sprinkle fertigation in dry land
Authors: Laila A , Sari M , Muztahidin N I , Fatmawaty A A , Hermita N
Published: April 2021

Potassium (K+) is an essential nutrition play great role on osmotic adjustment affecting plant growth. Maintaining adequate of Potassium could be drought mitigation in dry land. The field experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The treatment consisted of Potassium of 50,75,100,125, and 150 kg.ha−1 under micro sprinkle fertigation system and 100 kg.ha-1 as basal dose recommendation under conventional irrigation system as control. Result revealed that plant height and number of leaves varied significantly due to the various level of Potassium at four weeks after planting. Treatment of 50 kg.ha−1 of basal dose Potassium under micro sprinkle fertigation showed maximum of total dry matter at 24 days after planting as well as Absolute Growth Rate (AGR), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) and Relative Growth Rate (RGR) during 12 - 24 days after planting. Response of soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value as chlorophyll content showed an opposite trend of plant height, number of leaves, total dry matter, AGR, CGR and RGR.
Increasing shelf life of rhizobacteria formula with alginate in encapsulation during storage
Authors: Rumbiak J E R , Hilal S
Published: April 2021

Rhizobacteria are biological agents reported to be able to increase plant growth and suppress plant diseases (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria). In general, the use of biological agents in various rhizobacterial formulas in the soil is still not effective. This is due to the decrease in population during storage. This research aims to obtain rhizobacterial formulations, therefore it requires a rhizobacterial formulation technique so that the population can be maintained during storage so that it remains effective in suppressing disease development and plant growth. This study was conducted Factorial (Rhizoplane) and storage time) with three replications. This treatment consisted of thirty treatment combinations (ten rhizobacteria and three types of storage time). The results showed that the population density could be maintained until 2, 4 and 8 weeks of storage with the alginate carrier, namely 106 CFU.gr−1.
Mapping Distribution Approach in Various Types of Use Sub-Optimal Dry Land in Aceh Besar District
Authors: Umar H A , Sufardi S , Syafruddin S , Arabia T
Published: April 2021

Sub-optimal land can be defined as land that naturally has low productivity due to internal (intrinsic) factors such as parent material, physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil, and external factors such as rainfall and extreme temperatures. For that reason, it is necessary to map foreknow the various types of sub-optimal dry land uses and their size in the district Aceh Besar. Administration maps, land use maps, slope maps, and soil type maps would later be overlaid and digitized on the screen to obtain the map and the area of research to be carried out. The slope gradient was limited to only 25% due to looking conditions that allow it to be used in the management business agriculture. The forest area was 19,136.65 ha, the dry land agricultural area was 89,472.15 ha, area open land of 1,070.75 ha, and scrub area of 58,840.87 ha. It can be observed that land use in the Aceh Besar district is dominated by Dryland farming.
A Model for Accelerating Rice Planting in Paddy Fields to Provide Food in Banten Province during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kardiyono  , Mulyaqin T , Susilawati P N , Haryani D , Setyowati I , Ismatul H.
Published: April 2021

The Indonesian government continues to ensure the availability of rice as a staple food through various programs, including optimization of paddy fields. Paddy field management is directed and encouraged more intensively by accelerating planting and minimizing idle land. The form of support and stimulation provided by the government to farmers is in the form of counseling and assistance, providing seed assistance, and facilitation of agricultural machinery and other facilities so that rice fields can be more intensive and productive. The study was conducted in Lebak Regency and Serang City, Banten Province from April to August 2020. Data and information were obtained through surveys and interviews with farmers, extension agents, researchers, and agricultural department officials. The research method used a systems approach based on soft systems methodology. The results of the study showed the acceleration of planting as an indicator of the optimization of wetland land in Lebak Regency and Serang City had been achieved as targeted. The role of the extension agents as a driving force was very decisive in the achievement of additional planting areas. The use of information technology, such as applications for monitoring standing crops, was very helpful for extension agents in detecting land to be planted, planting achievements, and reported data. The system of coordination and guidance between agencies and officers to accelerate planting was quite effective and efficient. Support and facilities for agricultural extension agents had to be improved to achieve accelerated planting performance.
Yield of Soybean and Corn Intercropping Farming in Rainfed Lowland in Central Lampung, Lampung Province
Authors: Slameto  , Meidaliyantisyah  , Lasmono Agung , Wibawa Wahyu
Published: April 2021

Soybean and corn are strategic commodities to meet community needs. As the population increases, the demand for these commodities tends to increase. A breakthrough innovation is needed to increase food production. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of several varieties of corn and soybean growth using the intercropping system on rainfed lowland areas. The study was conducted in Central Lampung during the 3rd planting season from September to December 2019. The soybean varieties are Anjasmoro, Dena, Devon and local existing. Corn varieties are Nasa-29 and local existing. The intercropping system used corn-soybean pattern 2-7. The study involved 5 farmer cooperators. The results of the study indicated that the intercropping system provide the highest production of soybean and corn for local and existing varieties. The average corn production was 9340 kg/ha and the average soybean production was 1971 kg/ha. The intercropping system provides an increase in the cropping index from 100-150 to 200-300 on rainfed lowland
Quality of Growth Media and Yields of Allium ascolanicum L. on Ultisol Soil Combined with Rabbit Manure
Authors: Ikrarwati  , Syamsi N A , Sastro Y , Rusbana T B , Sudolar N R , Romadhonah Y
Published: April 2021

Onion cultivation in pots is a solution of limited land in urban areas. Nevertheless, the onion productivity is constrained by the quality of planting media. The utilization of rabbit manure is an alternative to improve the quality of planting media. This study was aimed to determine the effect of rabbit manure level in the planting media on the growth and yield of onion, as well as the effect of rabbit manure on planting media quality. The method used was a completely randomized design with one factor and 12 replications. The treatment was rabbit manure level on growth media i.e. 0%; 25%; 50%; 75%; and 100%. Parameters measured were leaf lenght, number of leafss, diameter and weight of bulbs, pH of planting media, Cation exchange capacity (CEC), Sodium, Phosphor and Potassium. The results showed that 25%-50% rabbit manure in planting media produced the best on leaf lenght, number of leafs, diameter of bulbs, and weight of bulbs. The application of rabbit manure on ultisol soil media was able to increase pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity, vice versa decreased the content Potassium.
Optimization of Annealing Cycle and Temperature SNAP T12 Primer Distinguishing Markers for Male, Female and Hermaphrodite Plants in Papaya (Carica papaya L)
Authors: Noflindawati  , Anwar A , Sutanto A , Yusniwati
Published: April 2021

Papaya has three types of efflorescense which are male flowers, female flowers, hermaphrodite. That was difficult to determine in advance for the type of flower that appear. The molecular technology approach is an effort to quickly predict the types of flowers that will appear. SNAP primers were designed based on SNP on genomic sequences of male papaya and hermaphrodite DNA. This research aimed to found the specific cycle and annealing temperature for PCR. The research was conducted at the in Indonesia Tropical Fruit Research Institute from January to March 2020. The SNAP primer used was T12, The plants used were papaya varieties of Pomegranate and local cultivar from male and hermaphrodite aged 8 months trees. The results showed that an annealing temperature of 59°C with a cycle of 28 times as effective in producing male DNA amplification on SNAP T2 reverse (R) primers and hermaphrodite DNA amplification plants appeared on alternate SNAP T12 primers (A) with a product size is 430 bp, while female plants did not occur. Amplification according to the SNAPT12 primer.
Implementation of Eco-friendly Technologies to Control Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice Disease (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae)
Authors: Kurniawati S , Astuti Y , Hidayat Y S , Susanti E Y
Published: April 2021

Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) of rice (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) is one of the major diseases of rice which can cause 10-95% yield losses. One of the environmentally friendly control efforts is the implementation of a rice cultivation technology package using the Paenibacillus polymyxa as biological agens. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the technology package with the use of Paenibacillus polymyxa for controlling BLB disease and increasing production also profit analysis of farming. The research was conducted on 4 ha of rainfed rice fields in Malingping District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia. The environmental design used Nested Block Design with the three treatments:, an environmentally friendly control technology package (Paenibacillus polymyxa), a chemical control technology package (active ingredient methyl thiofanate), and farmers’ existing technology (pesticide mixture). Each treatment consisted of 2 varieties, Ciherang and Inpari 33, with 6 replications. The results showed that the application of environmentally friendly technology packages in the Ciherang variety was able to reduce the intensity of damage by 40.91% greater than the application of pesticides by farmers with an increase in production of 8.31-12.00%. The difference in the profits of farming was 10.52-22.85%.
Diversity Assessment of Mango (Mangifera spp) Plant Collection of Cibinong Germplasm Garden Based on Leaves Morphology and RAPD Markers
Authors: Anggraheni Y G D , Mulyaningsih E S
Published: April 2021

Mango genetic diversity becomes the successful key factor of the mango breeding program. To obtain higher genetic diversity can be done through explorations of mango germplasm. This study aims to complete the morphology and genetic data characterization of the mango plant collection of Cibinong germplasm garden. The morphology analysis was carried out on the leaves character, while the genetic conducted using the RAPD marker. The data was analyzed using PAST 3.25 and PowerMarker 3.25 software. The result showed that 7 out of 11 leaves characters have diverse variation. The qualitative morphological observation showed that the leaves of Kweni have the largest shape among the others. The first principal component analysis with eigenvalue >1 explained that the diversity index of examined material was 51.4%. The colour of the young leaves character became the most influential character in leaves morphology diversity. The genetic analysis results using 13 RAPD markers showed the average of alleles number, main alleles frequency, genetic diversity, heterozygosity, and PIC values were 7.1; 0.47; 0.72; 0.99; and 0.70, respectively. The most informative marker used in this study was OPA18. Phylogenetic analysis based on leaf morphology and RAPD markers divided seven mango plants into two groups. The first group consisted of Manalagi69, Arumanis143, Cengkir Indramayu, Sibadak, Gedong Gincu, and Kweni, while the second group was Apel. The similarity index showed that Cengkir Indramayu and Sibadak has 85% similarity, while Apel has the lowest similarity with Arumanis143 and Kweni by only 68%. The morphology and genetic analysis in this study was expected to be the basis for developing a new superior variety and conservation of mango plant collection of Cibinong germplasm garden.
Characterization of Sugar Plant Seeds (Arenga pinnata Merr.) from Several Locations in Banten Province and Their Growth Response to the Provision of Liquid Organic Fertilizers
Authors: Kartina AM , Susiyanti  , Rusadi W A
Published: April 2021

This study was aimed to observe the characterization of palm seeds (Arenga pinnata Merr.) from several locations in Banten as well as their growth response to the provision of liquid organic fertilizer. A research was conducted in two stages, namely the first stage was characterization of Sugar plant seeds from different locations by using a quantitative description method and the second stage was the study used an experimental design namely Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), with two Factors. The first Factor was Research Location (L), that was consisted of: Serang Regency Research Location (L1), Pandeglang Regency Research Location (L2), and Lebak Regency (L3). The second factor was the Type of Liquid Organic Fertilizer, that was consisted of: Liquid Organic Fertilizer of NAP type (P1), Molasses Liquid Organic Fertilizer (P2), and Liquid Organic Fertilizer of Bioconversion type (P3). The results showed that from 54 accessions of palm seedlings had a genetic coefficient value ranging from 0.33 to 1.00, which had two clusters, A with a genetic coefficient value of 0.80 or about 80% and cluster B with a coefficient value of 0.60 or about 60% which means they had a very close resemblance. A3 (Serang District) and C15 (Lebak Regency) were samples from different locations with different liquid organic fertilizer treatments but they had close similarities. The result also indicated of the combination of treatment from the location of the research with the type of liquid organic fertilizer showed that the origin of the location had a significant effect to all observed parameters of the origin of the location and there was no significant effect to the type of liquid organic fertilizer and the interaction of the origin of the location and the type of liquid organic fertilizer to all observed parameters.
The Symptomp Rate of Cocoa Pod Borer (Conopomorpha cramerella) due to the Combination of Several Concentrations of Neem (Azadiracta indica) Solution Given the Biosurfactant of Diethanolamide Olein Palm and Different Fruit Sizes
Authors: Nurmayulis  , Hastuti D , Eris F R , Mujahidah
Published: April 2021

One of the main pests on the cocoa plant is the cocoa pod borer. The use of natural pesticides can be an alternative solution in overcoming cocoa pod borer to replace synthetic pesticides. Neem is a plant that can be used as a base for natural pesticides. The main ingredients of neem are azadirachtin, meliantriol, salanin, nimbin, and nimbidine. Azadirachtin does not directly kill pests but can affect the life cycle of pests, as food repellents, and as a repellent. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of attack of the cocoa pod borer (conopomorpha cramerella) due to the combination of several concentrations of neem (Azadiracta indica) solution. This research was conducted in a cocoa farm belonging to the residents of Lurang hamlet, Sukalaba Village, Gunung Sari District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. This research was conducted from November 2019 to April 2020. The experimental design used in this study was a one-factor combination of randomized block design repeated four times and the treatments were control, concentration of 15%, 25%, and 35% solution of young leaves and neem seeds plus palm olein biosurfactant diethanolamide (DEA) with fruit sizes 0.1-2.0 cm and 8.0-10.0 cm. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) then tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the 5% level. The results showed that the combination treatment of concentration 15% solution of young leaves and neem seeds added with 5% DEA biosurfactant olein palm with a fruit size of 0.1-2.0 cm and the combination treatment of concentration 35% solution of young leaves and neem seeds added with 5% DEA biosurfactant olein palm with a fruit size of 8.0-10.0 cm performed the best effect on attack intensity.
Combination of fish oil with rubber seed oil to the growth performance of catfish (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Syamsunarno M B , Tambunan I D G , Munandar A , Mustahal  , Putra A N , Herjayanto M
Published: April 2021

The rubber seed oil contains essential fatty acids, which may be required by cultured freshwater fish. Therefore, the research aimed to determine a combination of fish oil and rubber seed oil for catfish’s best growth performance (Clarias sp.). Isonitrogenous (33.23 ± 0.19%) and isoenergy (266.50 ± 0.09 DE kcal/100g) tested diets were used in the experiment. The fish oil was replaced by rubber seed oil at 0%, 15%, 25%, 35%, and 50%, respectively. Cyanide acid of rubber seed oil was reduced its content by stirring at 110 °C for 90 minutes to have as high as 0.47 ppm. Catfish fingerlings of 6.91 ± 0.04 g in individual weight were randomly distributed into 15 aquariums (60x40x40cm) each at a rate of 20 fingerlings and fed on the tested diet ad satiation for 40 days during the experimental period. The results showed that the increase in rubber seed oil to replace fish oil in the feed was not significantly different from the survival rate and nutrient retention in body catfish (P> 0.05). Furthermore, catfish were not poisoned by cyanide acid, indicated by catfish blood profile in the normal range at the end of rearing (P>0.05). The combination of fish oil and rubber seed oil by 50% gives optimal growth in catfish.
Combination Effect of Solid Waste of Gracilaria Extraction and Sargassum Powder on Nitrogen Content of Bio Fertilizer
Authors: Basmal J , Kusumawati R , Rahman N , Hanafia Z
Published: April 2021

The solid waste of Gracilaria extraction contains agar, while Sargassum contains alginate. Both contain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, celite, micro and macronutrients, and plant growth promoters. In this research, the two ingredients were formulated to produce biofertilizers. The treatment given was a combination of solid waste of Gracilaria extraction (39, 48, 56, and 68%) with Sargassum flour (29, 20, 12, and 0%), while other organic matter became a fixed variable. The research aims to get the best combination of solid waste of Gracilaria extraction and Sargassum flour which produces the highest N content. The results showed that the best combination to produce the highest N content was LIA1 (39% solid waste of agar extraction and 29% Sargassum flour). However, LIA3 treatment (56% solid waste of agar extraction and 12% Sargassum flour) closed to the technical requirements of solid organic fertilizer. The characteristics of LIA3 fertilizer are 0.75% N content, 47.08% moisture content, 8.80 acidity degree, 6.85x109 cfu/g total bacteria and 41.95x104 cfu/g total mold.
Measurement of Fish Gelatin using Rotational Viscometer: An Alternative to Conventional Pipette Method
Authors: Agusman  , Suryanti  , Nurhayati  , Murdinah  , Wahyuni T
Published: April 2021

The pipette method is a conventional method commonly used for determining the viscosity of gelatin. The purpose of this research was to study the use of a rotational viscometer to measure the viscosity of fish gelatin. The rotational viscometer has a wide measuring range and a limitation on low viscosity liquid measurements such as fish gelatin, so it is necessary to verify the sensitivity of the rotational viscometer to measure the viscosity of fish gelatin. In this study, low range manual rotational viscometer (MLV), low range digital rotational viscometer (DLV), low range digital rotational viscometer with low viscosity adapter (DLV + UL) were tested for their sensitivity to read standard solutions of 4.8 cP and 48.8 cP. The results showed that DLV + UL generated a high accuracy in reading 4.8 cP and 48.8 cP standard solutions with the recovery value of 102.5% and 99.5%, respectively. Measurement of the viscosity of commercial fish gelatin seven times obtained a coefficient of variance of 2.98% indicating a high degree of precision, with a recovery value of 103.54% of the value of the secondary reference material analysis certificate. The number of samples required for DLV + UL is 16 mL, while the conventional method required a sample of 100 mL. We proposed using DLV + UL for testing the viscosity of fish gelatin.
Effect of Trichoderma Addition on Sargassum Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Kusumawati R , Nurhayati  , Pangestu H E , Basmal J
Published: April 2021

Trichoderma is a fungus that can function as decomposers, biological agents, and stimulators of plant growth, bio fungicides so that agricultural plants can avoid diseases caused by poisonous fungi. This fungus can live in media containing seaweed by breaking down the seaweed’s carbohydrate macromolecules into simple sugars. Sargassum seaweed is now starting to be used as raw material for organic fertilizers and Trichoderma can be added to a certain amount of organic fertilizer formulations to produce biological fertilizers. For this reason, this study aims to find the best time to obtain the highest density of Trichoderma in organic fertilizer Sargassum and its characteristics. The highest density of Trichoderma in Sargassum SLF which received additional silage was obtained on the 21st day namely 1.3×106 cfu/mL, whereas in Sargassum SLF without silage on the 7th day namely 46×106 cfu/mL. Based on the comparison of chemical parameters between Sargassum SLF without silage and commercial SLF, it was known that Sargassum SLF was better in terms of c-organic content, macronutrients (P and K), and minerals (Na, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Al, Cd, and Mo).
Development of seed mass production of snakehead (Channa striata) in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra A , Syamsunarno M B , Sunarno M T D
Published: April 2021

Snakehead (Chana striata) has a strategic position in contributing to the national economy due to its albumin content which has been proven to have been used as biopharmaceutical for postoperative treatment. This has led to an increase in the exploitation of snakehead in nature which has depressed its population. The snakehead culture is the right step in supplying material demanded for biopharmaceutical industries. The success of the development of this snakehead culture requires support, among others, of the availability of sufficient seeds in number and time as well. This paper, therefore, discussed the strategy to develop seed mass production of snakehead in a controlled condition in Indonesia. The method used was a desk study, collecting published papers and personal observations related to snakehead hatchery. The data were analysed descriptively. The results of the study indicated that the bio-reproduction information of snakehead in nature can be used as a reference in the process of brood-stock management and larval culture under controlled conditions. Commercial and / or home-made fish diet containing protein of 38–42% can ripen gonads and spawn snakehead brooder using hormone stimulation in a hatchery. Water sources can use ground water and / or pipe that has been previously treated, especially setting the pH, alkalinity, hardness, and water temperature. Proper feeding strategies can increase the growth and production of snakehead fish seeds. This snakehead hatchery can be done both inside and outside its habitat.
Penetration of Microplastics (Polyethylene) to Several Organs of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Aryani D , Khalifa M A , Herjayanto M , Solahudin E A , Rizki E M , Halwatiyah W , Istiqomah H , Maharani S H , Wahyudin H , Pratama G
Published: April 2021

Microplastics are a severe problem in several countries. Microplastics spread throughout the ecosystem both on aquatic and terrestrial. Those are very difficult to overcome as well as have an impact on the environment and affect food safety. This study aimed to know the penetration of microplastics into several organs in Nile tilapia. The experiment was conducted by given 30 grams of microplastic (a type of polyethylene scrub) into an aquarium (15 L) containing five fish (consumption size) for seven days. The results showed that microplastic penetration occurred in the blood, gills, gonads, intestines, liver, muscles, and stomach. These results explain that during a week of rearing, the fish have been exposed to microplastics. It was very dangerous for human health issues if consumed.
Economic Resilience of Fishermen Community During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hamzah A , Nurdin H S
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has significant impact on the fisheries sector, especially the distribution process of fish, including the potential paralysis of economic life in the form of declining revenues due to the dissolution of the marketing chain of fish from the fishermen to consumers. This study aims to analyze the economic resilience of fishermen communities; and identifying their adaptation patterns. The method used in this research was qualitative descriptive analysis. The result divided into two acts, the act of fishing-related operations and actions outside the fishing activities. In the fishing activity, most actions performed by the fishermen were fishing frequency (33.6%), adjustment of fishing cost (28.9%) and the adjustment of the number of crew (37.5%). For actions outside of fishing activities, most fishermen during this pandemic often borrowed money from customers (48.7%) and from relatives (46.9%). In addition, some fishermen also pawned their assets (2.5%) and some even sold their assets (1.8%). Fishermen resilience actions in the Karangantu ANP are classified as low, namely 69.6%. The factors that influence the number of resilience measures are the government assistance dummy, ship/vessel ownership dummy, and there is a patron-client relationship.
The Development Design of Venturi Type Protein Skimmer for Mariculture Land Base System
Authors: Susanto A , Herjayanto M , Alimudin  , Budiaji W , Priyantono E , Guna N A
Published: April 2021

The sustainability of mariculture activities is very dependent on how water is managed. One of the important qualities of water is dissolved oxygen which can be dissolved from the diffusion of air bubbles released by the diffuser. The use of conventional aeration (stone aeration diffuser) has problems due to the macro size of the air bubbles. One solution is to use venturi which produces microbubbles. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the skimmer design using venturi and the resulting dissolved oxygen values. As a comparison, this study also observed dissolved oxygen from the stone aeration diffuser. This research was conducted without using test organisms. The results showed that venturi can create fine air bubbles. The dissolved oxygen value in the skimmer system using the venturi was higher than the stone aeration diffuser.
The use of plant proteins in the technology of fermented dairy-free products
Authors: Khrundin D , Ponomarev V , Yunusov E , Ezhkova G
Published: April 2021

It is proposed to use plant raw materials in the production of fermented products that do not contain milk. The possibility of using oats and buckwheat as milk substitutes is shown. Experimental samples of fermented products were obtained and their sensory, physical and chemical and microbiological parameters were studied.
Design formula and product prototype of beverage made from tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) fruit and sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan) using Kano method
Authors: Angelica C , Pangestu O O , Kurniawan J , Meindrawan B , Hutabarat D J C
Published: April 2021

People’s awareness of healthy foods and beverages has continued to increase. This phenomenon encouraged new product innovation of beverages with a health benefit. To be developed as a functional beverage, tamarillo fruit and sappan wood were well-known for their anti-hyperglycemic functionality. This study aimed to determine the design prototype of a beverage product from tamarillo fruit and sappan wood and determine the best formulation using the Kano method. The product design method was conducted using the Kano method, then the resulted data was used to formulate products. The results revealed four attributes categorized as one-dimensional, five attributes as attractive, one attribute as indifferent and one attribute as must-be. The optimum formula based on hedonic and product cost analysis was formula that consisted of 58.97% tamarillo extract, 9.83% sappan wood extract, 29.49% water, and a 1.7% stevia sweetener. The product prototype has several preferences criteria including ready to drink beverage, liquid-formed, bright-colored, using PET bottle as packaging, the inclusion of halal and nutrition fact label
Whole genome sequence data of Lactobacillus fermentum AG8, the producer of antibacterial peptides
Authors: Pavlova A , Ozhegov G , Yahia M N , Gogoleva N , Shagimardanova E , Nikitina E , Kayumov A
Published: April 2021

Lactic acid bacteria are widespread in various ecological niches and are widely used in various biotechnological processes like dairy food and silage production. While a number industrial strains of Lactobacillus are available to the date, a screening of new ones is still challenging. The Lactobacillus fermentum AG8 strain was isolated from the 4-months old fermented silage and characterized as producer of antimicrobial peptides. The genome has been sequenced by using Illumina MySeq platform with the coverage of 65x. Finally 277 contigs with total length 2.28 Mb have been obtained and 219 of them were linked in 1 segment with 1.96 Mb length. The analysis of the genome by RAST web-service has revealed 4273 coding sequences encoding for proteins including 2337 proteins without known function and 64 genes encoding for RNAs and 706 from genes were divided in 22 subsystems groups, while 1631 of them were not in any subsystem. The NCBI Bioproject has been deposited at NCBI under the accession number SUB8124387 and consists of full annotated genome and raw sequence data.
Potato starch as a component increasing the antioxidant potential of yogurt
Authors: Nikitina E
Published: April 2021

Potato starches treated with Amylosubtilin at a low dose have a higher DPPH-scavenging activity than native starch. The use of such partially hydrolyzed starches in non-fat yogurt production does not degrade the chemical characteristics and promotes the accumulation of exopolysaccharides in food. Yogurt with the addition of AM-starch has higher reduction properties and radical-binding activity even after 28 days of storage. the investigated protective effect increases the attractiveness of such products for people caring for their health.
Effect of the formulation of fermented white corn flour and glutinous rice flour on the quality of instant cream soup powder
Authors: Pratiwi N A , Rahmawati R , Maulani R R , Hunaefi D , Saputra D , Muhandri Tj
Published: April 2021

Cream soup is a product that is quite popular as a breakfast menu, a hot appetizer, a warm meal during cold weather, and a snack. The purpose of this research was to study the characteristics of instant cream soup powder and cream soup products made from fermented white corn flour achieved from RSM optimization and glutinous rice flour formulas. The formulation of fermented white corn flour and glutinous rice flour were 0:100; 55:45; 70:30; 85:15; and 100:0. The qualities of instant cream soup were determined by rehydration power and moisture content. The qualities of cream soup product were determined by viscosity and sensory analysis (color, aroma, viscosity and taste). The results showed that the cream soup can be made until the formulation of fermented white corn flour and glutinous rice flour is 100: 0. The characteristics of the instant cream soup powder were 1,91 mL/g rehydration power and 5,97% moisture content, while the cream soup product had 551,23 cP viscosity, white color (score 4,62), a slightly strong corn aroma (score 3,75), a slightly thick consistency (score 3,98), a slightly strong corn taste (score 3,9) and favored by the panelists (score 4,27).