bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oppiminen nuorisotyössä
Authors: Kiilakoski Tomi , Kauppinen Eila
Published: December 2021

Nuorisotyön luonteen pohtiminen on alan pysyviä kysymyksiä. Eurooppalaisessa nuorisopolitiikassa nuorisotyön on kuvattu olevan non-formaalia tai arkioppimista. Oppimisen käsite on kiistanalainen ja kritisoitukin. Sosiaalipedagogiikassa on tyypillisemmin käytetty kasvatuksen tai sivistyksen käsitteitä nuorisotyöstä puhuttaessa. Empiirisiä tutkimuksia oppimisesta nuorisotyöstä on vain vähän huolimatta käsitteen käytöstä nuorisopolitiikassa. Kysymme artikkelissamme, miten nuorisotyöntekijät käsittelevät oppimisen tavoitteiden asettamista ja miten he kuvaavat oppimista yksilöllisenä ja ryhmätason toimintana. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu Helsingissä vuosina 2019–2020 käytäntöperusteisessa tutkimushankkeessa tuotetun aineiston otoksesta, johon valikoitiin 13 yksilöhaastattelua ja 15 ryhmäkeskustelua. Tulosten mukaan oppimisella nuorisotyössä on joukko tavoitteita, jotka useimmiten on asetettu väljästi ja joita ei aina aukaista osallistujille. Lisäksi nuorisotyön prosessi tuottaa tuloksia, jotka eivät ehkä näy osallistujille ja jotka eivät perustu ennalta-asetettuihin tavoitteisiin. Nuorisotyöntekijät korostavat, että nuori on myös oppiessaan jonkin yhteisön tai ryhmän jäsen. Näiltä osin nuorisotyötä voidaan hahmottaa sosiaalipedagogisena toimintana, jossa tavoitteena on, että jokainen pääsee liittymään vuorovaikutuksellisiin suhteisiin ja voi kiinnittyä hyvinvointinsa kannalta olennaisiin toimintaympäristöihin.
The ‘I’ in the Monad: Leibniz and the Essential Indexical
Authors: Corazza Eros , Genovesi Christopher
Published: December 2021

Some modern and contemporary philosophers argue that the first-person indexical plays an essential role in the explanation of individual actions. As such it cannot be explained away or replaced by a co-referring term without destroying the cognitive force that its use conveys. There are important aspects of Leibniz’s work that anticipate the view of the essential indexical. The activity in the monad, such as the petites perceptions and appetitions, plays the cognitive role of grounding indexical reference and uses of the first-person pronoun to explain an agent’s perspective and behaviour.
SCIENTISTS IN THE SOVIET ATOMIC PROJECT: BETWEEN COMPULSION AND FREEDOM
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Вranch of the RAS, Melnikova Natalia V.
Published: December 2021

Scientists of various specializations, status and citizenship took part in the Soviet atomic project, which required serious scientific research. Their scientific and organizational contribution has been described in scientific and popular publications. This paper considers the project’s social dimension, poorly reflected in the research literature. The chronology includes the period from 1945 to the second half of the 1950s. It was time between the beginning of the project’s active stage after a protracted start and its completion, when the main results had been achieved. Providing information on the scale of employment of scientists in the project, the article focuses on the question of how their work and life were built within the framework of this secret research. The study describes the specifics of scientists’ mobilization, explores restrictions, deprivations, threats and opportunities associated with their participation in the project; it also analyzes features of their dealing with authorities, the ratio between compulsion and trust, regime and freedom, stimulation and internal motivation, dependence and scientific autonomy. These aspects contribute to better understanding of the USSR atomic project phenomenon and its effectiveness, serve as a “magnifying glass” for observing the specifics of the scientific work organization, as well as the Soviet social space as a whole.
CHEMICAL SCIENCE IN SVERDLOVSK, 1920s–1950s: EMERGENCE OF KEY RESEARCH THEMES AND SCHOOLS
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Вranch of the RAS, Bugrov Konstantin D. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2021

The paper presents an overview analysis of development of chemical research in the city of Sverdlovsk in 1920s–1950s. The author, relying on the theory of frontier modernization, proposes the concepts of frontier and support-point development of Soviet science. The frontier development was associated with peripherality, concentration of efforts in extractive (mining) industries, and a lack of resources for growth. The result of such frontier development was the emergence of a research-educational complex which, by the mid-1930s, included deeply integrated branch research organizations, institutes of the Academy of Sciences, and universities. The leading role was played by physical chemistry of metallurgical processes (and particularly electrochemistry), chemistry of wood and coal, inorganic and analytical chemistry. By the end of 1930s this chemical complex started to lose its frontier characteristics, which is evident from the effort of coal chemists led by I. Ya. Postovsky to develop the pharmaceutical chemistry. Due to the evacuation of enterprises and institutes from the western parts of USSR during the Great Patriotic War, the chemical complex of Sverdlovsk acquired a support-point character associated with the appearance of duplicate centers on the periphery. The new branches of chemical science emerged, for instance, the chemistry of polymers and the chemical machine-building. The implementation of the Soviet atomic project in Urals in late 1940s — early 1950s completed the paradigm shift in development of chemical science in Sverdlovsk, laying the foundation for the transformation of the city into a leading center of materials science.
INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES OF THE MAYLYBAY-2 KURGAN (BASHKIR TRANS-URALS)
Authors:   Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS, Savelev Nikita S. , Kufterin Vladimir V. ,   N. N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the RAS
Published: December 2021

The article outlines results of an interdisciplinary study on the Maylybay-2 single kurgan located in the mountain-steppe zone of the Irendyk ridge, the most eastern ridge of the Ural Mountains (Russia, Republic of Bashkortostan, Baimaksky District). The kurgan was a ruined stone structure — a hollow crypt type (mausoleum), close to a square shape. The grave represented a deep oval pit containing one burial. 25–35 years old female skeleton was found in the extended supine position. There are indications that the body was swaddled, legs were tied. Based on the scarce accompanying grave goods (beads, bracelets, spindle whorl, clay vessels), the burial can be dated to the second half of the 4th century BC and attributed to the Mugodzhar group of the Southern Ural nomads of the Sauromato-Sarmatian period. The Maylybay female skull is characterized as Caucasian, with a combination of very large diameters of the neurocranium and frontal breadth, and very high nasal bones. Comparison with a number of Scythian-time cranial samples using Heincke’s method revealed proximity of the studied cranium both with the early nomads of Western Kazakhstan and the Volga-Ural region on the one hand and with the Tasmola, Pazyryk and Uyuk-Sagly samples on the other. A “clustered pits” lesion on the frontal bone, qualified on the basis of macroscopic examination as a benign neoplasm (possible meningioma), is discussed separately. The observations made on the Maylybay-2 kurgan point to its extraordinariness, not only in the physical condition of the buried female, but also in the spatial localization of the kurgan, the funeral rite features and grave goods. There are indications that this was a female-sham burial.
GROUP BURIAL IN AN ABANDONED WELL ON THE SCYTHIAN-ERA HILLFORT NEAR THE CITY OF ZADONSK
Authors:   Voronezh Pedagogical State University, Razuvaev Yuriy D. , Reshetova Irina K. ,   Institute of Archaeology of the RAS
Published: December 2021

During the excavations of the hillfort located on the river Don near the village of Verkhneye Kazachye (Lipetsk region) the burial of four people, dating back to the 4th–3th centuries BC, was discovered in a pit left over from an abandoned well of the beginning of the Scythian era. It was done simultaneously, although it included heterogeneous remains. At a depth of about 4 m the full bodies of three men aged more than 50 years were buried. Above, a partially decomposed corpse and individual bones of another man aged more than 60 years were laid. Parts of cow carcasses and fragments of stucco dishes apparently accompanied the burial. The well pit, filled up to the top, was blocked by clay and carbonaceous layers left over from the site where the ritual actions were performed. There were two bone harpoon tips in the backfill. No traces of violent death were found on the remains of people. There was also no evidence of dismemberment of corpses. Markers of physiological stress and pathologies (caries, tartar, periodontal disease, osteophytes, lifetime fractures, etc.) were traced on the bones. The lifetime growth of individuals is determined. A graphic portrait reconstruction is performed for one of them. The studied object is interpreted as a funerary-sacrificial complex. In general, it is similar to the burials of the same time known at another Don hillfort in the city of Semiluki, which contained complete and scattered skeletons, traces of post-burial rituals.
MUMMIFIED BURIAL OF A CHILD FROM THE SARYG-BULUN BURIAL GROUND (CENTRAL TUVA). NEW DATA FROM ARCHAEOLOGY, RADIOGRAPHY, ANTHROPOLOGY AND GENETICS
Authors:   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the RAS, Kilunovskaya Marina E. , Semenov Vladimir A. ,   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the RAS, Busova Varvara S. ,   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the RAS, Mustafin Kharis Kh. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Alborova Irina E. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Potrakhov Nikolai N. ,   Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, Staroverov Nikolai E. ,   Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, Mednikova Maria B. ,   Institute of Archaeology of the RAS
Published: December 2021

In 1988 on the right bank of the Yenisei River in Central Tuva, two burial mounds from the Saryg-Bulun burial ground were excavated. Burial № 5 attracted special attention of archaeologists — it contained the partially mummified remains of a child with a rich and unusual inventory (bow, quiver with arrows, a hat, engraving on a wooden handle) in a wooden block. A recent genetic analysis made it possible to establish, contrary to expectations, the female sex of an individual. Over the years, thanks to the development of natural scientific methods, it was possible to gradually obtain new data on the life and death of this girl. The article presents the results of an examination of the mummy by the method of microfocus digital radiography and a new paleogenetic study, which made it possible to determine the child’s mitochondrial haplogroup (D4g2, which is widespread in East and Central Asia). The rich grave goods indicate the high status. Her biological age was determined — 6–7 years. Indicators of physiological stress (Harris lines), the presence of noticeable physical exertion on the belt of the upper extremities during the child’s life, and rickets were revealed. Radiography made it possible to detect artifacts invisible during a superficial examination, for example, a knife that was previously unnoticed in the deck. Genetic data are consistent with observations on the possible horizontal flattening of the girl’s facial skeleton and the spatula-like shape of her upper incisor. The applied methods and the results obtained allow authors to look in a new light at the issues of the genesis of the Aldy-Bel culture and the theme of childhood in the early Scythian time.
FUNERAL WARE AND DIETARY STRATEGIES IN THE PAST
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Urals Branch of the RAS, Bulakova Ekaterina A. , Karapetian Marina K. ,   Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kiseleva Daria V. ,   Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Urals Branch of the RAS, Sharapova Svetlana V. ,   Institute of History and Archaeology, Urals Branch of the RAS, Yakimov Artem S. ,   Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the RAS
Published: December 2021

The article continues the publication of the results of multidisciplinary study of the Bronze Age cemetery Nepluyevsky in the Southern Trans-Urals, presenting the experience of studying the soil contents of ceramic vessels from kurgan 1. The pottery collection consists of 95 pots found intact or fragmentated in burials, food offerings pits and cenotaphs, as well as outside structures, i. e. on the ancient surface horizon. All studied structures were attributed to the Srubnaya culture, mainly to its Srubnaya-Alakul variant. The undertaken reconstruction of funeral food is based on comparative analysis of chemical compounds in soil samples from 54 archaeologically intact pots using X-ray and mass-spectrometry. The studied pottery includes decorated and non-decorated pots of different shapes. There are no any traces of utilization, that is why one may presume its ritual meaning. During laboratory analyses, its soil content marks high points titers of biogenic elements such as P, K, Ca and Mg, which used to be the difference in funereal meals. The results obtained made it possible to reconstruct the original contents of ritual ceramics. Thus, there is no evidence of meat, the vessels could contain both milk/fermented milk products and water/herbal drinks, or they could be empty as well. There is not any strong connection between the age of the deceased and the food offerings. The absence of cereals residues in the studied samples is noteworthy, which is typical for groups with a predominantly meat and dairy diet.
EMPIEMA CRÔNICO COM DRENAGEM ESPONTÂNEA VIA ABDOMINAL
Authors:   ¹Hospital São Rafael - Monte Tabor, Gibson Ferreira Costa Roberto , Machado Costa Breno
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O empiema torácico é uma entidade que se define pela presença de pus no espaço pleural e apresenta três fases evolutivas bem definidas e com características peculiares. Realizar procedimentos para remover o empiema, reexpandir o pulmão encarcerado, obliterar o espaço pleural e dessa forma restabelecer a mobilidade da parede torácica e do diafragma, e com isso reduzir o tempo de permanência hospitalar, são os objetivos principais no manejo do empiema. Ainda hoje é um grande desafio o tratamento do empiema crônico, principalmente quando associado a lesões de paquipleurite que frequentemente cursam com a formação de cavernas que terminam perpetuando o processo infeccioso e muitas vezes são imperceptíveis durante a cirurgia torácica. Relato do caso: Esta publicação tem como objetivo, apresentar um caso de empiema crônico com 4 anos de evolução que ocupava 2/3 da cavidade pleural esquerda e que se expandia para a cavidade abdominal e evoluiu com drenagem espontânea, além de fazer uma breve revisão literária do assunto. Conclusão: Apesar do avanço tecnológico e da evolução dos antibióticos, os índices de empiema pleural vem aumentando entre adultos e crianças, mantendo uma elevada taxa de mortalidade, por isso o diagnóstico precoce, a distinção das fases evolutivas e a indicação da melhor terapêutica possível, é a chave para um tratamento bem-sucedido.
L’ensenyament de la llengua en l’educació a distància. Lliçons apreses més enllà d’un temps d’urgència educativa
Authors: Duran Carme
Published: December 2021

En els darrers temps, en un moment en què ha estat necessari donar resposta a una situació d'emergència sanitària i educativa, s'ha parlat molt d'educació a distància com a sinònim d'ensenyament en línia, telemàtic, virtual o en remot. Ara bé, són termes equivalents? En aquest article reflexionem sobre què és i què no és l'educació a distància, sobre quines són les característiques d'aquesta modalitat educativa, sobre les oportunitats que genera en l'ensenyament i aprenentatge de la llengua i també sobre els reptes que planteja a estudiants i docents. Analitzem el paper de la formació del professorat en l'eficàcia de les propostes didàctiques, formació que ha d'incloure tant la integració de les eines i dels recursos tecnològics com els coneixements sobre els continguts que es volen ensenyar i els coneixements pedagògics sobre com s'ensenya i com s'aprèn. Per últim, compartim alguns exemples de bones pràctiques en l'ensenyament de la llengua en contextos d'educació a distància en línia i n'analitzem la utilitat en altres modalitats educatives.
Proposta didàctica del català a través de l’art urbà de la ciutat de Barcelona
Authors: Moreno Mujeriego Mònica
Published: December 2021

Aquesta experiència realitzada amb alumnat d’A2 de català dels Serveis Lingüístics de la Universitat de Barcelona proposa l’adquisició del contingut cultural i lingüístic a través de l’art urbà present a la ciutat. Amb un enfocament comunicatiu, es presenten quatre activitats amb l’objectiu de crear un diàleg, aprendre a descriure una cara físicament i emocional i fer una proposta creativa.
Fertilizers, Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Atrazine Interactions on Weed Biomass and Yield of Maize
Authors: AKİNRİNOLA Tajudeen , FAGBOLA Olajire
Published: December 2021

The decline in soil fertility and poor weed management are the dominant limitation on the production of maize in Nigeria. Improving the efficiency of fertilizers through AMF inoculation and atrazine application may be a sustainable way to increase land productivity. Using completely randomised design with three replications, combinations of Organomineral Fertilizer (OF) at 0, 50, 100, 150 kg N/ha- and NPK 15-15-15 (400 kg/ha); Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF, with and without); and atrazine (0, 1.5 kg a.i/ha) were evaluated in 30 kg pot experiment. Maize grain yield ranged from 0.07-101.20 g/plant. Sole applications of OF, AMF and atrazine increased maize growth and yield. Combining atrazine with AMF inoculation improved maize growth but significantly reduced grain yield (37.13 g/plant) compared to sole applications of AMF (75.13 g/plant) or atrazine (62.97 g/plant). The application of OF did not alter the AMF-atrazine interaction, except under NPK fertilizer application, where the interaction enhanced grain yield. All treatments involving atrazine produced lower total dry weed biomass. However, the total dry weed biomass produced across fertilizer applications increased non-significantly with AMF inoculation, while AMF colonization reduced with atrazine application. Therefore, combining 100 kg N/ha OF with AMF inoculation or atrazine was suggested under organomineral fertilizer application.
Myomectomy during cesarean section or non-caesarean myomectomy in reproductive surgery: this is the dilemma
Authors: Tinelli Andrea , Nezhat Ceana H. , Likić-Ladjević Ivana , Andjić Mladen , Tomašević Dina , Papoutsis Dimitrios , Stefanović Radomir , Sparić Radmila
Published: December 2021

Nowadays it is quite common to encounter pregnants over 35 years with uterine fibroids (UFs), requiring cesarean section (CS). Large UFs may cause severe complications during delivery, as bleeding and hemorrhage, during vaginal or cesarean delivery. Frequently, the caesarean myomectomy (CM) is recommended, but generally obstetricians are reluctant to perform CM, since literature data do not agree on its surgical recommendation. CM is jet particularly controversial, due to increased risk of perioperative hemorrhage and cesarean hysterectomy, and UFs are often left in situ during cesarean section (CS). CM investigations are generally directed to myomectomy associated issues, whereas CS complications without CM are largely underreported. The risks of leaving UF for an interval myomectomy is underestimated and large UFs, left in uterus during CS, might cause significant early and late postoperative complications, even necessitating a relaparotomy and/or a subsequent hysterectomy. CM would be mandatory in some instances, whatever the UF diameter, to avoid further damage or complications. UFs management prior to CS should include a full counselling on pro and cons on the possible consequences of surgical decisioning. To illustrate what was discussed above, authors performed a narrative review with an expert opinion, reporting a case of a 31-year-old woman with a large UF who underwent a CS without myomectomy. Nine hours after CS, puerpera was submitted, for a massive postoperative hemorrhage and hemorrhagic shock, to an emergency relaparotomy with total hysterectomy without salpingo-oophorectomy.
Risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injuries during vaginal delivery: can we reduce the burden?
Authors: Porcari Irene , Garzon Simone , Loreti Sara , Bosco Mariachiara , Paola Rossana Di , Pomini Paola , Raffaelli Ricciarda , Leopardi Fulvio , Uccella Stefano , Franchi Massimo , Zorzato Pier Carlo
Published: December 2021

Background: Third- and fourth-degree perineal tears are associated with significant discomfort and impact on women’s quality of life after labor. We reviewed the literature on risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS), focusing on modifiable risk factors for OASIS to help obstetricians prevent them. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus using key search terms. We selected clinical studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses in English investigating antepartum and intrapartum factors associated with OASIS. Three researchers independently selected studies and documented outcomes. Results: We identified forty-two relevant articles for inclusion. Among antepartum factors, primiparity, neonatal birth weight, and ethnicity were associated with a higher risk of OASIS. Instrumental delivery, midline episiotomy, duration of the second stage of labor, persistent occiput posterior position, and labor augmentation were those intrapartum factors reported associated with OASIS. Conclusions: Multiple ante- and intrapartum factors are associated with a higher risk of OASIS. The actual modifiable factor is episiotomy during the second stage of labor. However, literature reporting episiotomy associated with a reduction in OASIS prevalence during instrumental delivery is limited. These results may help obstetricians recognize women at higher risk of developing severe perineal tears and recommend further investigation on the role of episiotomy in an operative delivery.
The importance of educational activities promoting health in obstetrics and gynaecology—selected issues taking into account nutritional aspects
Authors: Plagens-Rotman Katarzyna , Merks Piotr , Jarząbek-Bielecka Grażyna , Kędzia Witold , Kujawa Marika , Bax-Adamowicz Aneta , Mizgier Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

Objective: It is important in the context of gynaecology and obstetrics that the risk of many diseases can be significantly reduced by introducing a number of lifestyle changes, such as diet. Mechanism: An unhygienic lifestyle with an unbalanced diet, eating food of inadequate health quality, can have a significant negative impact on a woman’s health. Findings in brief: It is essential to continue research on the influence of environmental and genetic factors on health, which is important in the context of gynaecology and obstetrics where any educational activities promoting women’s health matter. Conclusions: Educational activities promoting a hygienic lifestyle and a proper diet play a huge role in protecting women’s health.
Effects of violence against women on health during menopause: a systematic review and metanalysis
Authors: Mendoza-Huertas Loreto , García-Jabalera Inmaculada , Mendoza Nicolas
Published: December 2021

Objective(s): This review aimed to respond to the question of how a history of violence against women (VAW) influences their health during menopause. Mechanism: We searched all articles (published in peer-reviewed journals up to March 2021) related to menopausal symptoms, sexual dysfunction, and chronic complications in postmenopausal women affected by VAW. Findings in brief: The literature search strategy identified 194 articles, of which 19 were selected for analysis. All articles described cross-sectional or cohort studies concerning menopausal or genitourinary symptoms, psychological health, physical conditions, sexual health, and cardiovascular or metabolic problems. The analyzed data set included 16436 women who reported experiencing violence in the USA, Brazil, and Australia. The combined data on the effect of VAW on menopausal symptoms suggest that the risk of suffering from such effects is 1.51 (95% CI: 1.23–1.86), while for sexual health, the risk was 1.4875 (95% CI: 1.2060–1.8346). Conclusions: A history of VAW increases the symptoms of menopause and worsens the physical conditions and sexual and psychological health after the age of 40. Thus, it is essential to investigate these antecedents in routine clinical practice when treating menopausal women with additional symptoms and to warn of the long-term general health risks for any woman who has experienced an episode of violence.
Ultrasonic diagnosis and clinical management of singleton angular pregnancy: clinical study of a case series
Authors: Zhang Ling , Chen Suhua , Li Wei , Liu Rong , Wu Mingfu , Ye Shuangmei , Ding Shuping , Yang Yihong
Published: December 2021

Background: To describe the fine ultrasonic diagnostic criteria and clinical management of different types of singleton angular pregnancy. Methods: Sixty cases of angular pregnancy were collected in a single Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from January 2016 to July 2020. The general medical history, ultrasonic images, pregnancy outcomes, surgical records, clinical management, pathological examination results and postoperative ultrasound images were collected to analyze the related risk factors, clinical manifestation, fine ultrasonic diagnostic criteria, clinical management, outcomes, and complications. Results: Among the 60 cases, 46 cases (76.7%) had related risk factors and 14 (23.3%) did not. Twenty-five cases (41.6%) had clinical symptoms of vaginal bleeding with or without lower abdominal pain and 35 cases (58.4%) had no symptoms of an abnormal pregnancy. Fifty-nine cases (98.3%) were diagnosed as different types of angular pregnancy. The number of cases of type I, II and III angular pregnancy cases was 42 (71.2%), 13 (22.0%) and 4 (6.8%), according to the gold standard diagnosis of our research. Ultrasound sensitivity in the diagnosis of type I, II and III angular pregnancy in the first trimester was 83.3%, 69.2% and 50.0%. Fifty-six cases (93.3%) resulted in a favorable outcome, while 4 cases (6.7%) showed complications. Conclusions: The different types of angular pregnancy have variable pregnancy outcomes and risks requiring clinical management to be individualized. Fine ultrasonic diagnosis is both crucial and feasible.
Effectiveness of acupoint hot compress on early puerperal rehabilitation of parturients after natural childbirth: study protocol for a prospective, multi-center, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zhu Yuhang , Zhang Aihua , Liu Chang , Robinson Nicola , Lee Myeong Soo , Hu Xiaoyang Mio , Lee Hye Won , Zhang Rong , Qu Fan
Published: December 2021

Background: Early puerperal rehabilitation can interfere with a woman’s ability to care for herself and her infant. Acupoint hot compress, with a combination of acupoints and natural physical agent heat, has significant potential to alleviate symptoms experienced during early puerperium. Current evidence regarding the effects of acupoint hot compress therapy on early puerperal rehabilitation is insufficient. The aim of this study is to address this with a multi-center design and large sample size. Methods: This is a prospective, multi-center, and randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 1400 nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy experiencing natural childbirth from 14 hospitals will be enrolled and randomly allocated to either an intervention group or a control group in a 1:1 ratio. Subjects in the control group will only receive routine postpartum care. In addition to routine postpartum care, the subjects in the intervention group will be administered a 4-hour acupoint hot compress with a constant temperature of 45 ± 2 ∘C respectively within 30 minutes after delivery, 24 hours and 48 hours after delivery. The primary outcome will be the time elapsed from delivery to the first urination. The secondary outcomes will be postpartum uterine contraction pain intensity, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for screening postpartum depression and the assessment of lactation including recording the lactation initiation time, postpartum diet, appetite, weight, neonatal weight. Discussion: These results will provide evidence for obstetricians and parturients on considering nonpharmacologic and noninvasive intervention in early puerperal rehabilitation.
Number of previous cesarean deliveries and its effects on outcomes of vaginal hysterectomy
Authors: Kim Hyesook , Cho Hye-yon , Park Sung Taek , Park Sung-ho
Published: December 2021

Background: This study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of vaginal hysterectomy based on the number of previous cesarean delivery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for all patients who underwent vaginal hysterectomy for non-prolapsed uterus between January 2016 and December 2019. Women with a history of other abdominal surgeries were excluded. Patient characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared based on the number of previous cesarean deliveries. Results: Among 610 women, 541 had no cesarean delivery, 39 had one cesarean delivery, and 30 had two or more cesarean deliveries. Patient characteristics, such as parity, body mass index, and uterine weight were similar, except for age (no section 49.2 ± 8.6 years old vs. one section 46.5 ± 5.2 years old vs. two sections 44.9 ± 4.4 years old; p = 0.004) and preoperative hemoglobin level (no section 12.0 ± 1.23 g/dL vs. one section 11.5 ± 1.44 g/dL vs. two sections 11.9 ± 1.13 g/dL; p = 0.014). Surgical outcomes, including surgery time, postoperative hospital stay and drop in hemoglobin level, and estimated blood loss were similar among the three groups. The intra- or post-operative transfusion rate was the highest in the one cesarean delivery group (no cesarean delivery 8.1% vs. one cesarean delivery 20.5% vs. two or more cesarean deliveries 3.3%; p = 0.017). Conclusion: Our data suggest that the number of previous cesarean deliveries did not affect the outcomes of vaginal hysterectomy. Vaginal hysterectomy can be performed safely even in women with two or more prior cesarean deliveries, when patients are selected appropriately by skilled surgeons.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on handwashing habits of staff working in a maternity hospital
Authors: Erin Recep , Tekin Yeşim Bayoğlu , Erin Kübra Baki , Kulaksiz Deniz
Published: December 2021

Background: Healthcare workers are at the forefront of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in handwashing behavior of healthcare workers before and during the pandemic. Methods: A survey was conducted at an obstetrics and gynecology clinic situated in Trabzon, Turkey. The survey contained 30 questions divided into two sections. The first 5 questions of which comprised the participants’ demographic data such as their age, body mass index, gravidity, personal history, and occupation. The first and second sections of the questionnaire form covered the questions concerning habits of participants pre-pandemic and during the pandemic, respectively. The total handwashing scores before and during the pandemic were calculated by summing the answers for 25 questions relating to handwashing habits. Independent t-tests were performed for normally distributed data. Results: The data of 98 participants were analyzed. While there was no difference in handwashing scores between doctors (83.44 ± 6.44%) and midwives (86.26 ± 13.73%), there was a statistically significant difference between doctors and nurses (90.04 ± 11.08%) (p = 0.02). The results also showed that there was a significant difference (p = 0.03) in daily handwashing frequency of doctors and nurses before and during the pandemic. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals attached importance to hand hygiene before the pandemic, and this is being emphasized even more during the pandemic with a significant difference. The highest increase was accounted for nurses.
Myomectomy at the time of cesarean delivery: a single-center experience
Authors: Tunc Seyhmus , Goklu Mehmet Rifat , Aksin Serif , Andan Cengiz
Published: December 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the results of myomectomy for the removal of intramural and large myomas during cesarean section and to decrease the possibility of myomectomies in the future. Methods: Data from 99 patients who underwent cesarean myomectomy and 100 patients who underwent only cesarean section in our hospital between December 2015 and September 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Age, gravida, parity, gestational week, cesarean section indication, previous delivery method, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin value, performance of blood transfusion, duration of operation, length of hospital stay, and the number, diameter, location, and type of myomas were recorded. Results: The mean diameter of myomas in the patients was 5.9 ± 1.80 cm (4–15 cm). Among the patients, 90.9% had (Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) FIGO type 5–6 myomas, and 9.1% had FIGO type 3–4 myomas. The mean gestational week of all cases was 36.7 ± 2.8 weeks. Compared to the control group, the patients who underwent cesarian myomectomy had a higher duration of operation (45.1 ± 13 min to 25.8 ± 5 min, p < 0.001), hospital stay (2.4 ± 0.9 days to 1.9 ± 0.3 days, p < 0.001), and blood transfusion (0.09 ± 0.31 unit to 0.01 ± 0.1 unit, p < 0.05). However, none of the patients underwent hysterectomy, relaparotomy, or other major complications. Conclusion: Performing myomectomy during cesarean section increases the duration of hospitalization and the amount of blood transfusion but does not cause major complications and provides patients the benefit of avoiding a second surgery.
Emergency contraception knowledge level and e-health literacy in Turkish university students
Authors: Aslantekin-Özcoban Filiz , Gün Mukadder
Published: December 2021

Background: Unwanted pregnancy is a serious problem, especially considering its impact on the lives of young people. Currently, emergency contraception (EC) is an effective method to prevent unwanted pregnancies that result in unsafe abortions and harm women’s health. It is essential that university students, one of the risk groups for unwanted pregnancies, be familiar with this method. The aim of this study is to determine university students’ knowledge of emergency contraception, influencing factors and e-health literacy levels. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 1003 senior undergraduate students at a public university. Data were collected via a Personal Information Form, Emergency Contraception Test, and e-Health Literacy Scale. For data analysis, descriptive analyses, t-test, ANOVA/Pearson correlation tests were used. Results: The e-HL score mean of students was found to be 25.68 ± 7.0. EC knowledge scores of students were 5.7 ± 2.8 for female students and lower for male students (4.3 ± 2.0). There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of EC knowledge scores in favor of women (p < 0.05). EC knowledge score of those who received reproductive health education was 5.8 ± 3.1, significantly higher than those who did not (p < 0.05). The knowledge score of those whose EC information source was an advisor/lecturer was significantly higher than those receiving information from other sources (p < 0.05). Scores on knowledge of emergency contraception were found to be significantly correlated positively with e-Health literacy scores (p = 0.00). Conclusion: Improved e-health literacy of students can be key to improving their knowledge of emergency contraception.
The impact of extremely low maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index on pregnancy outcome: a brief report of two cases
Authors: Gašparović Vesna Elveđi , Mikuš Mislav , Beljan Petrana , Vrbanić Adam , Bonaldo Giulio , Buzzaccarini Giovanni , Noventa Marco , D’Alterio Maurizio Nicola , Škrablin Snježana
Published: December 2021

Background: malnutrition and extremely low body mass index (BMI) are neglected problems with many underlying obstetrics complications including infertility, miscarriage, low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, small head circumference, premature birth, increased risk of stillbirth, postpartum depression and anxiety. It’s advisable a multidisciplinar approach to these patients, preferable before the pregnancy. Cases: we reported two cases of pregnant women with extremely low BMI, describing the management and perinatal outcomes. Conclusions: our aim was to emphasize the challenges in obstetric care in such specific group of patients and the impact of extremely low maternal BMI on early pregnancy outcome. A multidisciplinary approach in such a highly vulnerable group of pregnant women is necessary to ensure a favorable early perinatal outcome and to avoida long term consequences.
South Africa in Intra-African Trade: Key Trends and Perspectives
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Zanoskina Ekaterina
Published: December 2021

The research is motivated by the extensive literature on the role of African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) in boosting intra-African trade. The main contribution of the research to the academic field is that the author comprehensively approaches the impact of the AfCFTA on a separate economy, whereas the majority of the papers on the issue has focused on general effects. We consider that South Africa holds an important position in regional trade and will significantly grow and diversify its exports to the rest of Africa, as tariff and non-tariff barriers are eventually relaxed or removed entirely. This study aims to estimate the trade potential for South Africa with the rest of the continent in the context of the upcoming AfCFTA. The research questions raised are: Are there any trade opportunities for South Africa in Africa? What are the potential markets in Africa which need policymakers’ attention as far as the African Continental Free Trade Area is concerned? The study evaluates trade potentials in two steps. First, existing trade flows between South Africa and its AfCFTA-partners are analyzed, and volume of exports and geographic distribution are surveyed. After that, indexes and trade indicators are computed to assess opportunities for South Africa’s exports in each country partner. The finding reveals that there are unexploited trade opportunities for South Africa on the continent. The four more effective options are Tunisia, Egypt, Algeria, Morocco. Nevertheless, South Africa is more likely to pay attention to less remote countries with high trade complementarity. Among them, there are Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Togo, Senegal, Cape Verde and Burundi. So, when designing the national African Continental Free Trade Area strategy, as it is done, South Africa could prioritize the issue of those markets.
Table S1 & Figs S1-S2
Authors: Aime M.C.
Published: December 2021

Table S1. Collection and accession data for additional sequences used in Melampsorineae, Raveneliineae, and Uredinineae analyses (Figs 2-4 & S2).Fig. S1. Alluvial plot tracking generic placement at familial and subfamilial rank. Each colour represents the taxonomic hypotheses of an author. Tracks for genera with conflicting familial and subfamilial placement from multiple authors are dashed. The plot was made in R with the ggalluvial package. Fig. S2. Raveneliineae. Network analysis generated with SplitsTree from 28S data. Generic types are indicated in bold, type proxies by *.
Table S1
Authors: Crous P.W
Published: December 2021

Table S1. Collection details and GenBank accession numbers of strains used in the phylogenetic trees.
Research of the business process of formation of the teacher's rating with its following analysis
Authors:   Volzhskiy Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Evstropov V.V.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the subject area of the enterprise associated with the formation of the teacher's rating, namely, the collection of the necessary data by the teacher and the compilation of tables on their activities based on them. The problems of the speed of collection and transformation of information, the infiuence of the human factor on the accuracy of the information provided are highlighted. The purpose of the study is to increase the teacher's efficiency by reducing the labor intensity of the annual reporting process and monitoring his scientific activities. All studies were carried out on the basis of an analysis of the literature on the topic of rules, requirements and regulations for compiling a teacher's rating, an analysis of the accompanying management documentation of universities on the rating assessment of teachers' activities. The result of the research is the solution of the discovered problems, by automating data collection using the api of electronic library services, or parsing them. The field of application of the results is the use of the proposed solution in higher educational institutions of Russia. As part of the application of the proposed solution, it was possible to reduce the amount of time required to collect information about teaching activities for the reporting period by at least thirty percent.
Regulatory and technical support of quality management tools and methods
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Scharaschkina T.P. , Glukhova T.V. ,   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University
Published: December 2021

Improving the quality of products and processes in enterprises and organizations of various fields of activity is provided by various methods of quality management. A special place in all the variety of tools and methods of quality management is occupied by statistical methods. Various international and national standards ensure the effective application of quality management tools and methods. The requirements and recommendations for the application of these methods are contained both in the ISO 9000 MS and in numerous standards in the field of statistical methods. Since a large number of such standards have been developed to date, it is necessary to systematize them. Based on this, all standards in the field of statistical methods can be classified according to the type of activity in which they are applicable. Such a systematization of standards in the field of statistical methods will make it possible to use them more effectively for solving specific production tasks.
EXPERIENCE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TRAINING PROGRAMS IN THE SPHERE OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovskogo, Mitrofanova I.P. , Bagin V.A. ,   Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovskogo, Rizak D.A. ,   Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovskogo, Rodionova S.N. ,   Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovskogo
Published: December 2021

Improving the efficiency of productivity at the enterprises of the Russian Federation is a primary task that requires an early solution. The only correct solution to this problem is in the total training of employees in literacy in matters of quality assurance and management. The experience of conducting additional training on the basics of Total Quality Management and its practical application should be disseminated for each employee, and this should not be a superficial, from a methodological point of view, consideration of the problem, but the acquisition of practical skills.
Lean Six Sigma tools (Lean and Six Sigma) as a method to improve the order packing process before shipping at the automotive parts warehouse
Authors:   Institute for Design-Technological Informatics RAS, Brykin V.A.
Published: December 2021

For a modern warehouse complex, one of the main tasks is the efficient organization of the technological development process. The speed and quality of customer service depends on how efficiently the order picking is organized, which is an important competitive advantage of the organization. In the context of economic relations, the main criterion aimed at improving warehouse operations is the effectiveness of measures aimed at reducing damage to goods, speed of work and costs of warehouse operations. Criterion The choice in this case is Lean Six Sigma, as this method leads to cost savings, improved quality, increased productivity and equipment efficiency.
Intelligent tourist assistance system: IT-service for creating a personal tourist route in the Kabardino-Balkar republic
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Khashirova T.Yu. , Amshokov E.T. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Tokmakova D.A. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Ketova F.R. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study is to develop an automated system for generating tourist routes in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic using modern information technologies. The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the use of IT technologies in tourism, as well as the systematization of electronic data on the recreational complex of the CBD. The subject of the study is the IT-system of tourist assistance. To build routes between sights, graph theory methods are used, and an expert system is used to select the optimal route at the request of the user. This paper considers ways to generate up-to-date information for comfortable tourism based on open electronic resources. The scientific novelty of the study is the development of an intelligent tourist assistance system in the region, as well as a mobile application with similar capabilities. As a result of the study, conclusions will be obtained that allow to develop an IT service for creating a personal tourist route along the CBD, which will meet modern requirements and exceed existing analogues.
Adapting the social, managerial and communication activities of Chinese organizations to the digital industry
Authors:   Institute for Design-Technological Informatics RAS, Karlova T.V. , Bekmeshov A.Yu. ,   Institute for Design-Technological Informatics RAS, Kirillova E.A. ,   Institute for Design-Technological Informatics RAS, He Tingwei ,   Institute for Design-Technological Informatics RAS, Huang Wei ,   Institute for Design-Technological Informatics RAS
Published: December 2021

The article highlights issues related to the transition of Chinese organizations to digital technologies during the crisis period of the pandemic. The article deals with the development of digital platforms in education, medicine and business.The research examines the development of online platforms conducted by Amazon Web Services, Microsoft, Tencent and Alibaba. Special attention is paid to the development of the protection of the population from viral infections on a corporate basis.In addition, questions on the latest developments of virtual technologies in the higher education system in China are considered. Special difficulties of functioning in the period of a pandemic in the organizations of tourist and logistics directions are designated.
Analisis Image Likes to Followers Ratio Instagram Pada 5 Perusahaan Game Asal Indonesia Yang Mendunia
Authors: Tengku
Published: December 2021

Jurnal yang membahas tentang analisis performa suatu akun dengan membandingkan image likes dan follower rasio pada instagram