bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of network constraining on the terrestrial reference frame realization based on SLR observations to LAGEOS
Authors: Zajdel R. , Sośnica K. , Drożdżewski M. , Bury G. , Strugarek D.
Published: October 2019

The Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) network struggles with some major limitations including an inhomogeneous global station distribution and uneven performance of SLR sites. The International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) prepares the time-variable list of the most well-performing stations denoted as ‘core sites’ and recommends using them for the terrestrial reference frame (TRF) datum realization in SLR processing. Here, we check how different approaches of the TRF datum realization using minimum constraint conditions (MCs) and the selection of datum-defining stations affect the estimated SLR station coordinates, the terrestrial scale, Earth rotation parameters (ERPs), and geocenter coordinates (GCC). The analyses are based on the processing of the SLR observations to LAGEOS-1/-2 collected between 2010 and 2018. We show that it is essential to reject outlying stations from the reference frame realization to maintain a high quality of SLR-based products. We test station selection criteria based on the Helmert transformation of the network w.r.t. the a priori SLRF2014 coordinates to reject misbehaving stations from the list of datum-defining stations. The 25 mm threshold is optimal to eliminate the epoch-wise temporal deviations and to provide a proper number of datum-defining stations. According to the station selection algorithm, we found that some of the stations that are not included in the list of ILRS core sites could be taken into account as potential core stations in the TRF datum realization. When using a robust station selection for the datum definition, we can improve the station coordinate repeatability by 8%, 4%, and 6%, for the North, East and Up components, respectively. The global distribution of datum-defining stations is also crucial for the estimation of ERPs and GCC. When excluding just two core stations from the SLR network, the amplitude of the annual signal in the GCC estimates is changed by up to 2.2 mm, and the noise of the estimated pole coordinates is substantially increased.
TYRP1 mRNA level is stable and MITF-M-independent in drug-naïve, vemurafenib- and trametinib-resistant BRAFV600E melanoma cells
Authors: Hartman Mariusz L. , Czyz Malgorzata
Published: October 2019

TYRP1 mRNA is of interest due to its potential non-coding role as a sponge sequestering tumor-suppressive miRs in melanoma. To our knowledge, there is no report on changes inTYRP1expression in melanomas after development of resistance to targeted therapies. We used patient-derived drug-naïve RASQ61Rand BRAFV600Emelanoma cell lines. In BRAFV600Emelanoma cells, resistance to vemurafenib and trametinib was developed. A time-lapse fluorescence microscope was used to rate proliferation, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to assessTYRP1expression and MITF-M level and activity. A high TYRP1 protein level in RASQ61Rcells corresponded with high TYRP1 mRNA level, whereas undetectable TYRP1 protein in BRAFV600Ecells was accompanied by medium mRNA level, also in cells carrying NF1R135Wvariant in addition.TYRP1expression was MITF-M-independent, since similar transcript status was found in MITF-Mhighand MITF-Mlowcells. For the first time, we showed thatTYRP1expression remained unaltered in melanoma cells that became resistant to vemurafenib or trametinib, including those cells losing MITF-M. Also drug discontinuation in resistant cells did not substantially affectTYRP1expression. To verify in vitro results, publicly available microarray data were analyzed. TYRP1 transcript levels stay unaltered in the majority of paired melanoma samples from patients before treatment and after relapse caused by resistance to targeted therapies. As TYRP1 mRNA level remains unaltered in melanoma cells during development of resistance to vemurafenib or trametinib, therapies developed to terminate a sponge activity of TYRP1 transcript may be extended to patients that relapse with resistant disease.
Quaternion-Kähler manifolds near maximal fixed point sets of $$S^1$$-symmetries
Authors: Borówka Aleksandra
Published: October 2019

Using quaternionic Feix–Kaledin construction, we provide a local classification of quaternion-Kähler metrics with a rotating $$S^1$$S1-symmetry with the fixed point set submanifold S of maximal possible dimension. For any real-analytic Kähler manifold S equipped with a line bundle with a real-analytic unitary connection with curvature proportional to the Kähler form, we explicitly construct a holomorphic contact distribution on the twistor space obtained by the quaternionic Feix–Kaledin construction from these data. Conversely, we show that quaternion-Kähler metrics with a rotating $$S^1$$S1-symmetry induce on the fixed point set of maximal dimension a Kähler metric together with a unitary connection on a holomorphic line bundle with curvature proportional to the Kähler form and the two constructions are inverse to each other. Moreover, we study the case when S is compact, showing that in this case the quaternion-Kähler geometry is determined by the Kähler metric on the fixed point set (of maximal possible dimension) and by the contact line bundle along the corresponding submanifold on the twistor space. Finally, we relate the results to the c-map construction showing that the family of quaternion-Kähler manifolds obtained from a fixed Kähler metric on S by varying the line bundle and the hyperkähler manifold obtained by hyperkähler Feix–Kaledin construction from S are related by hyperkähler/quaternion-Kähler correspondence.
Negative emissions and international climate goals—learning from and about mitigation scenarios
Authors: Hilaire Jérôme , Minx Jan C. , Callaghan Max W. , Edmonds Jae , Luderer Gunnar , Nemet Gregory F. , Rogelj Joeri , del Mar Zamora Maria
Published: October 2019

For aiming to keep global warming well-below 2 °C and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 °C, as set out in the Paris Agreement, a full-fledged assessment of negative emission technologies (NETs) that remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is crucial to inform science-based policy making. With the Paris Agreement in mind, we re-analyse available scenario evidence to understand the roles of NETs in 1.5 °C and 2 °C scenarios and, for the first time, link this to a systematic review of findings in the underlying literature. In line with previous research, we find that keeping warming below 1.5 °C requires a rapid large-scale deployment of NETs, while for 2 °C, we can still limit NET deployment substantially by ratcheting up near-term mitigation ambition. Most recent evidence stresses the importance of future socio-economic conditions in determining the flexibility of NET deployment and suggests opportunities for hedging technology risks by adopting portfolios of NETs. Importantly, our thematic review highlights that there is a much richer set of findings on NETs than commonly reflected upon both in scientific assessments and available reviews. In particular, beyond the common findings on NETs underpinned by dozens of studies around early scale-up, the changing shape of net emission pathways or greater flexibility in the timing of climate policies, there is a suite of “niche and emerging findings”, e.g. around innovation needs and rapid technological change, termination of NETs at the end of the twenty-first century or the impacts of climate change on the effectiveness of NETs that have not been widely appreciated. Future research needs to explore the role of climate damages on NET uptake, better understand the geophysical constraints of NET deployment (e.g. water, geological storage, climate feedbacks), and provide a more systematic assessment of NET portfolios in the context of sustainable development goals.
Heterometallic Copper–Vanadium Compounds: Crystal Structures of Polymers [Cu(im)4(V2O4(mand)2)]n and [Cu(im)4(V2O4((S)-mand)2)]n·2nH2O (im = imidazole, mand = mandelato2−)
Authors: Šimuneková Mária , Schwendt Peter , Gyepes Róbert , Krivosudský Lukáš
Published: October 2019

Two new 1D polymeric heterometallic copper–vanadium compounds were prepared. The polymers are constructed from [Cu(im)4]2+ cations that are coordinated to two terminal oxido ligands of [V2O4(mand)2]2− anions. The stronger coordination in [Cu(im)4V2O4(mand)2]n (1) that contains the racemic mandelato ligand is manifested by a shorter Cu‒O bond distance 2.4095(12) Å, while the weaker interaction in [Cu(im)4(V2O4((S)-mand)2)]n·2nH2O (2) is exhibited by Cu‒O bond distances 2.4547(16) Å and 2.5413(16) Å. The vanadate anion in compound 2 carries only the (S)-enantiomer of the initial mandelic acid and differs from the anion in 1 in parallel cis orientation of the phenyl groups of the mandelato ligand. FT-IR spectroscopy was used for the confirmation of the coordination mode of mandelato ligand. Strong bands corresponding to the vibrations of carboxyl groups can be observed around 1650 and at 1344 cm−1. The stretching vibration of deprotonated hydroxyl group in the mandelato ligand occurs at 1045 and 1065 cm−1 for 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, the very strong, characteristic band corresponding to ν(V=O) vibration can be observed at 931 cm−1 for 1 and 925 cm−1 for 2, as well as in Raman spectrum.

Graphic Abstract

The polymeric structures of two new vanadium-copper heterometallic complexes are constructed from [Cu(imidazole)4]2+ cations that are coordinated to two terminal oxido ligands of [V2O4(mandelato)2]2− anions with different orientation of the phenyl groups depending on the chirality of the mandelato ligand.
Drug-induced anaphylaxis—elicitors, mechanisms and diagnosis
Authors: Worm Margitta , Hanschmann-Mohn Theresa , Scherer Hofmeier Kathrin , Cardona Victòria , Turner Paul , Dölle-Bierke Sabine
Published: October 2019

Drugs are one of the major causes of anaphylaxis. For example 2346 cases of drug-induced anaphylaxis were reported to the anaphylaxis register as of March 2019. The most common triggers of drug-induced anaphylaxis were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; n = 902) and antibiotics (n = 721). Drug-induced anaphylaxis can be caused by IgE-dependent (e.g., penicillins) and IgE-independent mechanisms. Recently MRG-PX2 has been identified as a receptor for non-IgE-dependent mechanisms. Drug-induced anaphylaxis results more frequently in lethal reactions and is more commonly associated with cardiovascular symptoms. Also therapy refractory anaphylaxis is more frequently triggered by drugs. For the diagnosis of drug-induced anaphylaxis current national and international guidelines should be followed including provocation tests to avoid future reactions.
Lowest log canonical thresholds of a reduced plane curve of degree d
Authors: Viswanathan Nivedita
Published: October 2019

We describe the sixth worst singularity that a plane curve of degree $$d\geqslant 5$$

d
⩾
5

could have, using its log canonical threshold at the point of singularity. This is an extension of a result due to Cheltsov (J Geom Anal 27(3):2302–2338, 2017) wherein the five lowest values of log canonical thresholds of a plane curve of degree $$d \geqslant 3$$

d
⩾
3

were computed. These six small log canonical thresholds, in order, are 2 / d, $$({2d-3})/{(d-1)^2}$$

(

2
d
-
3

)

/

(
d
-
1
)

2

, $$({2d-1})/(d^2-d)$$

(

2
d
-
1

)

/

(

d
2

-
d
)

, $$({2d-5})/({d^2-3d+1})$$

(

2
d
-
5

)

/

(

d
2

-
3
d
+
1

)

, $$({2d-3})/(d^2-2d)$$

(

2
d
-
3

)

/

(

d
2

-
2
d
)

and $$({2d-7})/({d^2-4d+1})$$

(

2
d
-
7

)

/

(

d
2

-
4
d
+
1

)

. We give examples of curves with these values as their log canonical thresholds using illustrations.
Sequential use of povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine for cutaneous antisepsis: A systematic review
Authors: Mermel Leonard A.
Published: October 2019

Cutaneous antisepsis with chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine, usually with alcohol, has been extensively studied. This review of published studies reveals that sequential use of povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine leads to a greater reduction in the bioburden of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria on the skin, lower risk of intravascular catheter colonization, and lower risk of surgical site infection compared to use of either agent alone. As such, sequential use of cutaneous antiseptic agents may further reduce risk of surgical site infections, as well as infections associated with insertion of transdermal devices such as nephrostomy tubes, left-ventricular assistance devices, and intravascular catheters.
LIQUIDITY EXTERNALITIES AND THE WALLACE CONJECTURE
Authors: Amendola Nicola , Ferraris Leo , Mattesini Fabrizio
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a pure currency economy with a nondegenerate distribution of money holdings in which, as conjectured by Wallace (Quarterly Journal of Economics 129, 259–274, 2014), there are transfer schemes financed by money creation that improve ex ante welfare relative to no-intervention. Differently from what was advocated by Wallace, pecuniary-like externalities, rather than the need to share liquidity risks, are responsible for the result.
UNCONSECRATED BURIAL AND EXCOMMUNICATION IN ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND: A REASSESSMENT
Authors: MARAFIOTI NICOLE
Published: October 2019

This article investigates the ideologies which underpinned unconsecrated burial in late Anglo-Saxon legal and religious texts. The exclusion of sinners and criminals from Christian cemeteries has typically been interpreted by scholars as a form of excommunication or an attempt to facilitate damnation. However, a reassessment of legislative, diplomatic, and ecclesiastical sources reveals that this was not so. In tenth-century laws and charters, unconsecrated burial was imposed exclusively by secular authorities; it was only prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities from ca. 1000. This suggests that it originated as a temporal punishment but later came to be used as an ecclesiastical sentence. The following analysis of the textual evidence yields two interrelated arguments. First, this article demonstrates that through the mid-eleventh century, unconsecrated burial was a penalty distinct from ecclesiastical excommunication. Where excommunication was imposed upon living sinners, to coerce them to penance, unconsecrated burial was prescribed for the unrepentant or criminal dead, whose actions placed them beyond earthly help. Second, this article contends that written prescriptions for unconsecrated burial differentiated secular from ecclesiastical jurisdictions. Although laymen and clergy collaborated in the dispensation of law and justice throughout the Anglo-Saxon period, the written evidence for unconsecrated burial shows that this penalty fell either under the authority of secular or of ecclesiastical agents, demonstrating a clearer separation between these spheres than is usually recognized in pre-Conquest England.
Einstein Says: It’s 309.7-Meter O’Clock
Authors: den Hond Bas
Published: October 2019

Atomic clocks are now so accurate that Earth’s gravity can be seen to slow them down. Geodesy is preparing to use this relativistic effect to measure elevation.
Asymmetrical Shift Toward Longer Dry Spells Associated with Warming Temperatures During Russian Summers
Authors: Ye Hengchun , Fetzer Eric J.
Published: October 2019

This study examines the changing behavior of summer dry spell duration in response to increasing air temperatures at 517 Russian stations during 1966–2010. We found that the frequency distribution of dry spell duration (as represented by histograms) is becoming skewed toward longer dry spells. This asymmetrical shift is accompanied by mean increases in dry spell duration. This asymmetry is also reflected in exponentially higher increasing rates of dry spell duration toward higher percentiles. Consequently, across Russia, summers have experienced significant increases in 7‐day‐or‐longer dry spells (at 6.1%/°C of warming) and fewer occurrences of 3‐day‐or‐shorter dry spells (at 2.4%/°C). This study suggests that hotter summers favor more frequent prolonged dry spells, exacerbating drought and heat wave conditions during Russian summers as air temperatures continue to rise.
Stationarity of the Reconnection X‐Line at Earth's Magnetopause for Southward IMF
Authors: Fuselier S. A. , Trattner K. J. , Petrinec S. M. , Pritchard K. R. , Burch J. L. , Cassak P. A. , Giles B. L. , Lavraud B. , Strangeway R. J.
Published: October 2019

When the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is southward and has a substantial Y component, reconnection at the magnetopause occurs at low latitudes. Under these conditions, the maximum magnetic shear model for the reconnection X‐line at the magnetopause predicts a continuous X‐line stretching from the dawn to dusk terminators. During the solstices, the X‐line is not at the subsolar point and may be located in a region where the magnetosheath bulk flow is super‐Alfvenic. For a fixed IMF direction, the maximum shear model also predicts a stationary X‐line. In response to IMF clock angle changes on the timescale of minutes, the X‐line moves on the same timescale. The stationarity of the reconnection X‐line is testable observationally under certain, restrictive conditions. This stationarity is tested using observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. For two events, the distance from the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft to the X‐line is constant over several minutes (within relatively large error bars) and the X‐line is also near the location predicted by the maximum magnetic shear model. Thus, the reconnection X‐line at the magnetopause appears to be quasi‐stationary for constant IMF clock angle. These observations also place constraints on the formation and motion of multiple X‐lines at the magnetopause.
Effects of white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension on coronary artery stenosis and cardiac arrhythmia
Authors: Cai Peng , Zhong Weitian , Wang Yan , Wang Xukai
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to investigate whether hypertension phenotypes such as white-coat hypertension (WCHT), diagnosed with the addition of nighttime blood pressure (BP) criteria, are related to coronary artery stenosis (CAS) and cardiac arrhythmia. In this cross-sectional observational study, 844 participants who did not use antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and antiplatelet drugs were selected. The subjects were divided into normotensive (NT), WCHT, masked hypertension (MHT), and sustained hypertension (SHT) groups based on the results of clinic BP measurement and ambulatory BP monitoring. Coronary angiography and ambulatory electrocardiography were performed to determine the participants’ CAS and cardiac arrhythmia status. Coronary angiography revealed 556 patients with CAS and 288 participants with normal coronary arteries. The chi-squared test showed that the incidence of CAS was higher in the MHT and SHT groups than in the NT group, while no significant change was found in the WCHT group (P = 0.003, P < 0.001, P = 0.119). The logarithm of the Gensini score was used to compare the degree of CAS between the groups. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the degree of CAS was higher in the WCHT, MHT, and SHT groups than in the NT group (P < 0.05). The incidences of frequent atrial premature beats, atrial tachycardia, and ventricular cardiac arrhythmia were significantly higher in the WCHT and SHT groups than in the NT group, while only ventricular cardiac arrhythmia changes were observed in the MHT group. This study found that hypertension phenotypes such as WCHT were closely associated with CAS and cardiac arrhythmia.
An accurate registration of the BigBrain dataset with the MNI PD25 and ICBM152 atlases
Authors: Xiao Yiming , Lau Jonathan C. , Anderson Taylor , DeKraker Jordan , Collins D. Louis , Peters Terry , Khan Ali R.
Published: October 2019

Brain atlases that encompass detailed anatomical or physiological features are instrumental in the research and surgical planning of various neurological conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has played important roles in neuro-image analysis while histological data remain crucial as a gold standard to guide and validate such analyses. With cellular-scale resolution, the BigBrain atlas offers 3D histology of a complete human brain, and is highly valuable to the research and clinical community. To bridge the insights at macro- and micro-levels, accurate mapping of BigBrain and established MRI brain atlases is necessary, but the existing registration is unsatisfactory. The described dataset includes co-registration of the BigBrain atlas to the MNI PD25 atlas and the ICBM152 2009b atlases (symmetric and asymmetric versions) in addition to manual segmentation of the basal ganglia, red nucleus, amygdala, and hippocampus for all mentioned atlases. The dataset intends to provide a bridge between insights from histological data and MRI studies in research and neurosurgical planning. The registered atlases, anatomical segmentations, and deformation matrices are available at: https://osf.io/xkqb3/.
Food Structure Characterisation Using Small-angle Scattering Methods
Authors: Martinez-Sanz Marta , Lopez-Rubio Amparo , Gilbert Elliot
Published: October 2019

Small-angle scattering reveals structure on the one- to several hundred-nanometre-length scale, a size range of critical importance in food materials. We briefly describe the technique, highlighting its complementarity to more conventional characterisation methods and explain the advantages of performing experiments with both X-ray and neutron sources. We proceed to highlight a number of selected studies that have examined structure across a diverse range of food systems including polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, complexes, whole foods, encapsulation, and food packaging. We conclude with an outlook for future opportunities for its application.
Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy to Food Structure Characterisation
Authors: James Bryony , Malmström Jenny
Published: October 2019

Linking functional properties to the underpinning structure of food materials requires an evaluation of nano-, micro-, and macrostructural elements. The toolbox of techniques available is broad, but our underlying premise is that understanding the operation of the tool means better interpretation of the results. As such, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides the best structural imaging when the compromises of high resolution and surface sensitivity are understood. Likewise, the parameters of atomic force microscopy balance resolution with surface damage. Evolution in both these techniques is leading to greater application in food structure characterisation. SEM can be applied to fully hydrated specimens in their native state using “environmental” instruments, allowing for in situ testing as well as structural analysis. AFM is increasingly used for applications beyond imaging, where mechanical properties and surface chemistry can be investigated with high spatial resolution.
Stretchable, transparent and imperceptible supercapacitors based on Au@MnO2nanomesh electrodes
Authors: Yang Junlong , Hong Tianzeng , Deng Jue , Wang Yan , Lei Fan , Zhang Jianming , Yu Bo , Wu Zhigang , Zhang Xinzheng , Guo Chuan Fei
Published: October 2019

A wearable supercapacitor achieved high transparency of 82.1% and an excellent areal capacitance of 0.53 mF cm−2, together with high stretchability (160% strain).
Unorthodox crystalline drug salts via the reaction of amine-containing drugs with CO2
Authors: Soltani Mohammad , Mash Brandon L. , Henseler Julian , Badri Sharhzad , Zeller Matthias , Salter E. Alan , Wierzbicki Andrzej , Stenson Alexandra C. , Davis James H.
Published: October 2019

Exposing amine-containing drugs to CO2 results in new crystalline salts comprised of two different prodrug forms of the original drug.
Targeting immune checkpoint B7-H3 antibody–chlorin e6 bioconjugates for spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhu Lipeng , Liu Jie , Zhou Guangyu , Ng Hoi Man , Ang Irene L. , Ma Guofang , Liu Yubin , Yang Shuo , Zhang Fengjuan , Miao Kai , Poon Terence C. W. , Zhang Xuanjun , Yuan Zhen , Deng Chu-Xia , Zhao Qi
Published: October 2019

In this study, we constructed bioconjugates of targeting immune checkpoint B7-H3 antibody and chlorin e6 to treat non-small cell lung cancer under the guidance of spectroscopic photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging.
ZnI2/Zn(OTf)2-TsOH: a versatile combined-acid system for catalytic intramolecular hydrofunctionalization and polyene cyclization
Authors: Chou Ting-Hung , Yu Bo-Hung , Chein Rong-Jie
Published: October 2019

A mild and efficient combined-acid system using a zinc(ii) salt [ZnI2 or Zn(OTf)2] and TsOH was investigated for intramolecular hydrocarboxylation, hydroalkoxylation, hydroamination, hydroamidation, and hydroarylation and polyene cyclizations.
Sensitive discrimination of glycoproteins and cell differentiation with an array sensing platform exploiting pyrene-derived amphiphile/surfactant assemblies
Authors: Lin Xin , Gao Lifang , Wang Jianhua , Chen Xuwei
Published: October 2019

An array sensing platform exploiting pyrene-derived amphiphile/surfactant assemblies is constructed for sensitive discrimination of glycoproteins and differentiated cell lines.
Metal–bipyridine complexes as electrocatalysts for the reduction of CO2: a density functional theory study
Authors: Zhang Peng , Yang Xuejing , Hou Xiuli , Xu Xuejian , Xiao Beibei , Huang Jun , Stampfl Catherine
Published: October 2019

The transition metal determines the catalytic activity of M(bpy)(CO)4. Re(bpy)(CO)4 and Mn(bpy)(CO)4 exhibit better catalytic activity due to the weaker adsorption strength of CO.
CH3NO as a potential intermediate for early atmospheric HCN: a quantum chemical insight
Authors: Ghoshal Sourav , Pramanik Anup , Biswas Santu , Sarkar Pranab
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the role of atmospheric catalysts in the formation of early atmospheric HCNviathe unimolecular and bimolecular decomposition of CH3NO.
Physical mechanism for the synapse behaviour of WTiOx-based memristors
Authors: Zhang Hengjie , Cheng Chuantong , Zhang Huan , Chen Run , Huang Beiju , Chen Hongda , Pei Weihua
Published: October 2019

Tungsten-based memristors possess gradually changing resistance and suddenly changing resistance under different conditions. The devices have great potential in simulating neuronal synapses and computational storage.
Molecular modeling of cytotoxic activity of a new terpenoid-like bischalcone
Authors: Sallum Lóide O. , Siqueira Vera L. , Custodio Jean M. F. , Borges Nádia M. , Lima Aliny P. , Abreu Davi C. , S. Lacerda Elisângela de P. , Lima Rosa S. , M. de Oliveira Alisson , Camargo Ademir J. , Napolitano Hamilton B.
Published: October 2019

This study describes the synthesis and structure of (1E,4E)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (BCI). This work evaluates molecular docking and cytotoxic activity against two tumor cell lines.
How does the Zn-precursor nature impact carrier transfer in ZnO/Zn-TiO2 nanostructures? organic vs. inorganic anions
Authors: R. de Melo Joelma , Gualdrón-Reyes Andrés F. , Camargo Fernandes Nádia R. , Gimenes Marcelino L. , Carreño-Lizcano María I. , Sequeda-Pico Ingrid N. , Rodríguez-Pereira Jhonatan , Baldovino-Medrano Victor , Niño-Gómez Martha E.
Published: October 2019

The carrier transport capability of ZnO/Zn-TiO2 nanostructures is affected by Zn-precursor anions, generating donor, acceptor and interfacial energy states.
Pd/C-catalyzed synthesis of oxamates by oxidative cross double carbonylation of alcohols and tertiary amines through C–N bond cleavage
Authors: Kolekar Yuvraj A. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: October 2019

Palladium-catalyzed oxidative cross double carbonylation reaction between tertiary amines and alcohols using oxidant O2and KI as the additive affords oxamates. Oxamate are as a intermediate in biological active compound and glycol synthesis.
Synthesis of a triphenylamine BODIPY photosensitizer with D–A configuration and its application in intracellular simulated photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Lingfeng , Bai Jin , Qian Ying
Published: October 2019

A D–A type triphenylamine BODIPY fluorescent dye with AIE characteristics makes progress in photodynamic therapy.
A long-cycle and high-rate Si/SiOx/nitrogen-doped carbon composite as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: He Xiaoling , Zhao Wei , Li Diandian , Cai Peijun , Zhuang Quanchao , Ju Zhicheng
Published: October 2019

Silicon (Si) is proposed as a promising anode material in high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its ultrahigh theoretical capacity.
Ionic liquid-assisted catalysis for glycosidation of two triterpenoid sapogenins
Authors: Zhang Tenghe , Li Xinlu , Song Hang , Yao Shun
Published: October 2019

In order to study the universality of ionic liquids-assisted glycosidation and explore their catalytic behaviors together with potential, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were selected to establish catalytic system as typical triterpene sapogenins.
TMCC3 localizes at the three-way junctions for the proper tubular network of the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Wisesa Sindhu , Yamamoto Yasunori , Sakisaka Toshiaki
Published: October 2019

The tubular network of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is formed by connecting ER tubules through three-way junctions. Two classes of the conserved ER membrane proteins, atlastins and lunapark, have been shown to reside at the three-way junctions so far and be involved in the generation and stabilization of the three-way junctions. In this study, we report TMCC3 (transmembrane and coiled-coil domain family 3), a member of the TEX28 family, as another ER membrane protein that resides at the three-way junctions in mammalian cells. When the TEX28 family members were transfected into U2OS cells, TMCC3 specifically localized at the three-way junctions in the peripheral ER. TMCC3 bound to atlastins through the C-terminal transmembrane domains. A TMCC3 mutant lacking the N-terminal coiled-coil domain abolished localization to the three-way junctions, suggesting that TMCC3 localized independently of binding to atlastins. TMCC3 knockdown caused a decrease in the number of three-way junctions and expansion of ER sheets, leading to a reduction of the tubular ER network in U2OS cells. The TMCC3 knockdown phenotype was partially rescued by the overexpression of atlastin-2, suggesting that TMCC3 knockdown would decrease the activity of atlastins. These results indicate that TMCC3 localizes at the three-way junctions for the proper tubular ER network.
Investigating the functional link between TMEM165 and SPCA1
Authors: Lebredonchel Elodie , Houdou Marine , Hoffmann Hans-Heinrich , Kondratska Kateryna , Krzewinski Marie-Ange , Vicogne Dorothée , Rice Charles M. , Klein André , Foulquier François
Published: October 2019

TMEM165 was highlighted in 2012 as the first member of the Uncharacterized Protein Family 0016 (UPF0016) related to human glycosylation diseases. Defects in TMEM165 are associated with strong Golgi glycosylation abnormalities. Our previous work has shown that TMEM165 rapidly degrades with supraphysiological manganese supplementation. In this paper, we establish a functional link between TMEM165 and SPCA1, the Golgi Ca2+/Mn2+ P-type ATPase pump. A nearly complete loss of TMEM165 was observed in SPCA1-deficient Hap1 cells. We demonstrate that TMEM165 was constitutively degraded in lysosomes in the absence of SPCA1. Complementation studies showed that TMEM165 abundance was directly dependent on SPCA1's function and more specifically its capacity to pump Mn2+ from the cytosol into the Golgi lumen. Among SPCA1 mutants that differentially impair Mn2+ and Ca2+ transport, only the Q747A mutant that favors Mn2+ pumping rescues the abundance and Golgi subcellular localization of TMEM165. Interestingly, the overexpression of SERCA2b also rescues the expression of TMEM165. Finally, this paper highlights that TMEM165 expression is linked to the function of SPCA1.
Enseigner les habiletés de l’entrevue médicale à l’aide de patients simulés tuteurs : données d’un projet pilote
Authors: Burnier Isabelle , Bouchard-Lamothe Diane , Tremblay Manon
Published: October 2019

Contexte : L’enseignement et l’apprentissage des habiletés cliniques à l’aide des patients simulés (PS) est une méthode fréquemment utilisée en médecine. Pour répondre aux difficultés de recrutement de médecins tuteurs, les PS peuvent aussi être impliqués comme formateurs pour les examens physiques ou comme examinateurs pour les examens sommatifs. But : Ce projet pilote vise à examiner l’utilisation de patients simulés comme tuteurs (PST) dans les cliniques simulées pour l’apprentissage de l’anamnèse. Méthodes : Une étude multicas comportant la mise en situation dans les cliniques simulées de 5 PST ayant reçu une formation de 9 h a été réalisée auprès de 20 étudiants en première année de médecine. Au total, 59 questionnaires remplis par les étudiants, les PST et la chercheure principale compilent les scores à propos de l’habileté à consigner les données de l’anamnèse et à offrir de la rétroaction constructive et descriptive à l’étudiant. Résultats : La rétroaction formative donnée par les PST se révèle descriptive et constructive. Le manque de maîtrise de la terminologie médicale chez les PST ressort de l’étude comme une faiblesse qui limite l’interaction. Conclusion : Le PST peut agir comme tuteur à condition de recevoir une formation pratique plus approfondie mettant l’accent sur la rétroaction formative et sur la terminologie médicale. Sa participation devrait être limitée aux séances axées sur la communication. Les résultats suggèrent comme piste de recherche que la validité de la performance des PST soit comparée à celle des médecins tuteurs.
Summary of SFRP-IRPA workshops on the reasonableness in the practical implementation of the ALARA principle
Authors: Lecomte Jean-François , Bannon Amber , Billarand Yann , Bryant Peter , Cantone Marie-Claire , Coates Roger , Croft John , Jean-François Stéphane , Le Guen Bernard , Schieber Caroline , Schneider Thierry
Published: October 2019

The practical implementation of the principle of optimisation of radiological protection (i.e., ALARA principle) was the subject of two workshops organised in Paris (France) in February 2017 and October 2018 at the initiative of SFRP within the framework of IRPA. The article summarizes the discussions and conclusions of these two workshops. The search for reasonableness was examined in three sectors: nuclear industry, medical practices and existing exposure situations. In all sectors, the optimisation remains a challenge and experience shows that this is implemented through a deliberative process to achieve a reasonable compromise with all informed parties. This issue was further investigated by three working groups − one for each sector – on the basis of cases studies. It emerges that, in complement to the use of classical tools such as cost-benefit analysis, the implementation of the optimisation principle implies a clear identification of the challenges to be met in order to achieve the best protection in the prevailing circumstances. These challenges may be specific to a type of exposure situation and in some cases to a given situation. The process should also well identify the relevant stakeholders and decision-makers to be involved and determine how they will be involved. A proactive process including development of awareness, empowerment and/or training may be needed. This reflexion deserves to be further developed.
Schnelle zelluläre Reaktion und Anpassung an Schwerelosigkeit
Authors: Ullrich Oliver , Thiel Cora S.
Published: October 2019

Zelluläre Prozesse werden durch Änderungen der Gravitationskraft in vielfältiger Weise beeinflusst. In unseren Studien konnten wir in verschiedenen zellulären Systemen und in verschiedenen Forschungsplattformen (2D Klinostat, Parabelflüge, suborbitale Forschungsraketen, Internationale Raumstation) nachweisen, dass Reaktionen und Anpassungsprozesse bereits innerhalb von Sekunden bis Minuten nach Beginn der veränderten Schwerkraft auftreten. Diese schnellen Prozesse fanden sich in der Genexpression, der Zellzykluskontrolle, der Signaltransduktion, der Zytoskelettorganisation und des oxidativen Burst. Es stellt sich die Frage nach der Ursache der Transduktion einer unspezifischen Kraft in eine hochspezifische zelluläre Antwort, die in der Spezifität der zellulären Eigenschaften begründet liegen kann. Es ist denkbar, dass die Gravitationskraft der Erde die Chromatinarchitektur und deren Zugänglichkeit stabilisiert und eine homöostatische Bedingung für die Genexpression darstellt. Die Untersuchung mechanobiologischer Mechanismen der Genexpression in Schwerelosigkeit kann die Aufdeckung fundamentaler Prinzipien ermöglichen, wie mechanische Kräfte die Zellfunktion regulieren.
Ein Schwerpunktheft zur geburtshilflichen Forschung in der Türkei
Authors: Singer Dominique , Yildirim Gülay
Published: October 2019

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,

in dem vorliegenden Heft der Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie (ZGN) finden Sie 4 wissenschaftliche Originalarbeiten, die sich inhaltlich mit recht unterschiedlichen Themen beschäftigen. Im Einzelnen geht es um die Prävalenz von Röteln-Antikörpern in einem Kollektiv von nahezu 95 000 (!) schwangeren Frauen, um die Assoziation erhöhter PLAC1-Proteinspiegel im mütterlichen Serum mit einer intrauterinen Wachstumsrestriktion (IUGR), um einen geeigneten „Cut-off“ der Schwangerschaftsdauer zur Verbesserung des perinatalen Outcome bei IUGR sowie um Besonderheiten des mütterlichen Metaboloms bei Schwangerschaften mit fetaler Trisomie 21. Die Gemeinsamkeit dieser Arbeiten besteht darin, dass sie von Autoren aus der Türkei eingereicht wurden und damit das breite Spektrum perinatologischer Forschungsaktivitäten, von eher grundlagenorientierten bis hin zu klinischen Fragestellungen, in diesem europäischen Partnerland widerspiegeln.
AWMF fordert: Forschungsaktivitäten junger Medizinerinnen und Mediziner als Weiterbildungszeit anerkennen
Authors: Spirgat Corinna
Published: October 2019

Für eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Patientenversorgung braucht es wissenschaftlich tätige Medizinerinnen und Mediziner: Die Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) e. V. setzt sich daher seit vielen Jahren dafür ein, wissenschaftliches Arbeiten von ärztlichem Fachpersonal stärker zu fördern. Es sei daher der richtige Weg, Initiativen des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) und der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) „Clinician Scientists“ mit Forschungs- und Weiterbildungsprogrammen zu unterstützen. Allerdings fehle es immer noch an attraktiven Karrierewegen für forschende Ärztinnen und Ärzte. Außerdem müssten Zeiten für Forschung während der Weiterbildung auch auf diese angerechnet werden.
Digitale Kommunikation im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Dirksen Hans-Hermann
Published: October 2019

Ein Artikel über rechtliche Fragen der digitalen Kommunikation in einer
Zeitschrift der Erfahrungsheilkunde mag zunächst vielleicht überraschen. Aber
auch eine Heilkunde, die sich der Erfahrung sowie der Tradition verpflichtet
fühlt, beruht auf einem grundsätzlich zeitlosen Aspekt, nämlich der guten
Kommunikation zwischen Behandler und Patienten. Der Artikel möchte daher
aufzeigen, welche Aspekte zu berücksichtigen sind, wenn sich das
Kommunikationsverhalten einer neuen digitalen Zeit zuwendet und damit Patienten
und Behandler vor besondere Herausforderungen stellt.
[3,3]- and [5,5]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements of Aryl Sulfoxides Using An ‘Assembly/Deprotonation’ Technology
Authors: Zhang Lei , Hu Mengjie , Peng Bo
Published: October 2019

The redox-neutral ortho-functionalizations of aryl/heteroaryl sulfoxides via interrupted Pummerer processes have been greatly advanced since its discovery by Kita and Padwa in the early 2000s. In this context, we recently developed an ortho-cyanoalkylation of aryl sulfoxides with alkyl nitriles using an ‘assembly/deprotonation’ protocol. The success of the reaction hinges on the independent control of the electrophilic assembly of both coupling partners and subsequent deprotonation of the in situ generated imine sulfonium intermediates. Further [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of the in situ formed ketenimine sulfonium species furnishes ortho-cyanoalkylated aryl sulfides. More recently, we also applied the ‘assembly/deprotonation’ strategy for the development of the [5,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement of aryl sulfoxides with allyl nitriles that allows for para-cyanoalkylation of aryl sulfoxides. The development of these two reactions is described in this Synpacts article.

1 Background

2 [3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement

3 [5,5]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement

4 Conclusion
An Alternative Metal-Free Aerobic Oxidative Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Sulfonyl Hydrazides with Secondary Phosphine Oxides
Authors: Liu Teng , Zhang Yanqiong , Yu Rong , Liu Jianjun , Cheng Feixiang
Published: October 2019

An alternative metal-free, efficient and practical approach for the preparation of phosphinothioates is established via the aerobic oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of sulfonyl hydrazides with secondary phosphine oxides catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. The strategy provides an array of diverse phosphinothioates in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, two representative bioactive molecules are synthesized on up to gram scale by utilizing this method.
Direct C(sp3)–H Activation of Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Uttry Alexander , van Gemmeren Manuel
Published: October 2019

Carboxylic acids are important in a variety of research fields and applications. As a result, substantial efforts have been directed towards the C–H functionalization of such compounds. While the use of the carboxylic acid moiety as a native directing group for C(sp2)–H functionalization reactions is well established, as yet there is no general solution for the C(sp3)–H activation of aliphatic carboxylic acids and most endeavors have instead relied on the introduction of stronger directing groups. Recently however, novel ligands, tools, and strategies have emerged, which enable the use of free aliphatic carboxylic acids in C–H-activation-based transformations.

1 Introduction

2 Challenges in the C(sp3)–H Bond Activation of Carboxylic Acids

3 The Lactonization of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids

4 The Directing Group Approach

5 The Direct C–H Arylation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids

6 The Direct C–H Olefination of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids

7 The Direct C–H Acetoxylation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids

8 Summary
Finding Consensus After Two Decades of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Clemens Mark W. , DeCoster Ryan C. , Fairchild Berry , Bessonov Alexander A. , Santanelli di Pompeo Fabio
Published: October 2019

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is an emerging and indolent, but potentially fatal cancer of the immune system that can develop around textured-surface breast implants. The World Health Organization first recognized BIA-ALCL as a unique clinical entity in 2016. To date, over 600 confirmed cases have been reported worldwide. BIA-ALCL most commonly presents with disease confined to the capsule, as a seroma or a mass adjacent to the implant. While BIA-ALCL has a fairly indolent clinical course, with an excellent prognosis in early stage disease, disseminated cancer and death have also been reported. In this review, the authors focus on the early diagnosis and treatment, including reconstructing the breast following BIA-ALCL, and also discuss recently updated National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. They also review the current epidemiology and risk factors associated with BIA-ALCL. Finally, they discuss important medicolegal considerations and the bioethics surrounding the continued use of textured-surface breast implants.
Photothermal, photocarrier, and photoluminescence phenomena in semiconductors studied using spectrally resolved modulated infrared radiometry: Physics and applications
Authors: Pawlak M.
Published: October 2019

Photothermal, photocarrier, and photoluminescence phenomena in semiconductors studied using modulated infrared (IR) radiometry are discussed. Spectrally resolved measurements are carried out using IR filters placed in front of the detector. A new approach based on modulated IR radiometry is proposed which is a valuable extension of conventional IR-spectroscopic techniques for measuring IR absorption coefficients of thick highly IR-absorbing samples and of thin films deposited on thick highly IR-absorbing substrates, as well as for the simultaneous measurement of IR absorption and photoluminescence spectra. It is also shown that spectrally resolved modulated IR radiometry measurements lead to greater accuracy than conventional approaches for estimating thermal and recombination properties of semiconductors.
Dislocation cross slip in molecular crystal cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (β-HMX)
Authors: Khan Mohammad , Picu Catalin R.
Published: October 2019

In this work, we explore the mechanism of cross-slip in the low symmetry molecular crystal cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (β-HMX)—a secondary explosive. Cross-slip is well studied and understood in high symmetry crystals but virtually uninvestigated in molecular crystals. To this end, we use molecular simulations and observe that only screw dislocations with the [100] Burgers vector may cross-slip effectively. The process involves the (011), (010), (001), and (011¯) planes and takes place in both the positive and negative directions of dislocation motion in each of the respective slip systems. Resolved shear stresses larger than ∼0.6 of the critical resolved shear stress are necessary in at least two of the planes in order to activate cross-slip. The application of pressure does not prevent cross-slip from taking place. The phenomenon occurs at elevated pressures in the same slip systems as at zero pressure. However, due to the limited number of slip systems involved, cross-slip does not appear to be of central importance in β-HMX and, of course, remains relevant only as long as the dislocation-based mechanism of plasticity is not replaced by the shear localization mode, which becomes dominant at high pressure, under strong shock conditions.
Verification of an energetic-electron-driven
β
-induced Alfvén eigenmode in the HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Chen Yang , Zhang Wenlu , Cheng Junyi , Lin Zhihong , Dong Chao , Li Ding
Published: October 2019

An energetic-electron-driven β-induced Alfvén eigenmode (e-BAE) in an HL-2A tokamak experiment (discharge #17461) was studied using a gyrokinetic particle simulation code. Investigations of e-BAEs excited by an initial perturbation, an external antenna, and an energetic-electron pressure gradient were performed, and the measured eigenfrequencies were found to be close to the experimental observations and the theoretical predictions. The damping mechanism is also discussed based on the simulation results. The e-BAE becomes unstable when the driving force of the energetic-electron pressure gradient exceeds the total background damping. Simulations show that the e-BAE propagates along the diamagnetic direction of the energetic electrons and that the most unstable mode number is n∕m = 1∕3; these findings are in good agreement with the experimental observations. The simulation results also show that the mode is radially localized near the rational surface. Both the mode width and growth rate increase as the background plasma density increases. As the density and temperature of the energetic electrons increase, the eigenfrequency increases slightly, and the growth rate increases considerably.