bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CARTOGRAFIA GEOMORFOLÓGICA EM ESCALA REGIONAL: O CASO DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DA BAIXADA SANTISTA -SP
Authors: Dos Santos Ribeiro André , Célia de Oliveira Regina
Published: October 2021

A cartografia geomorfológica é instrumento importante para a Geomorfologia, para as Ciências da Terra em geral e para o planejamento da paisagem uma vez que define a leitura, interpretação e espacialização das formas de relevo e processos morfodinâmicos, partindo do emprego de metodologias e uso de simbologias específicas atendendo diferentes taxonomias. Considerando isto, foram aplicadas as proposições do Manual Técnico de Geomorfologia (IBGE, 2009) voltado à cartografia regional com os procedimentos organizados em níveis, conforme Libault (1971), enfocando discutir o processo de interpretação, classificação e representação, demanda relevante para a cartografia geomorfológica, no estudo de caso da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista em escala 1:100.000. Ao longo da interpretação a contextualização da evolução das formas de relevo e a toponímia sobressaíram como elementos-chave para determinação da identidade das unidades geomorfológicas, como pressupõe a técnica adotada. Também ficou esclarecido que ao longo da interpretação há integração entre as classificações e as delimitações espaciais de formas identificadas em diferentes táxons. A partir de algumas generalizações e agrupamentos do que foi interpretado, impostas pela escala e acuidade visual no mapa, a geomorfologia regional foi representada e caracterizada, sobretudo as unidades geomorfológicas e as formas predominantes de relevo.
Desarrollo de un contenedor y clasificador automático de material reciclable como estrategia de economía circular en el contexto educativo
Authors: Salinas Osuna Edna Yamile , Anacona Ortiz Jhonier David , Patiño Perdomo Oscar Fabián , Millán Rojas Edwin Eduardo
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar una caracterización de los residuos sólidos reciclables producidos en la Universidad de la Amazonia y desarrollar un contenedor y clasificador automático de este tipo de residuos, para contribuir por medio de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) al proceso de sostenibilidad ambiental ligado al concepto de economía circular en el ámbito educativo. La metodología definida se dividió en cinco fases que corresponden al conocimiento del manejo de residuos sólidos de los usuarios de las cafeterías, caracterización de los residuos sólidos, diseño y construcción del contenedor, entrenamiento del sistema de inteligencia artificial (IA) y prueba interna beta test, tras lo cual se obtuvo como resultado una generación total de residuos plásticos a la semana de 66 kg, lo que representa un ingreso económico aproximado de $138.000. Además, se desarrolló un contenedor y clasificador automático capaz de reconocer y almacenar botellas plásticas empleando una red neuronal artificial. Como conclusión, el reciclaje de residuos plásticos en una institución de educación superior (IES) aporta a la sostenibilidad ambiental. Además, el desarrollo de tecnologías como el contenedor y clasificador automático permite optimizar la selección y clasificación de elementos reciclables de forma rápida y segura.
Motivaciones de compra en la tienda de barrio: un estudio etnográfico en el departamento del Atlántico (Colombia)
Authors: Contreras Cuentas Margarita María , Rojano Alvarado Yolmis Nicolás , Macías Campo Harleth
Published: October 2021

En Colombia, existen negocios tradicionales como la tienda de barrio donde los habitantes llegan a consumir productos masivos y populares base de su economía familiar, además, ha sido establecida como un punto de encuentro y charlas en las comunidades. Este artículo desarrolló un estudio etnográfico con el apoyo de la antropología y logró extraer las características de las motivaciones de compra en los clientes de la tienda de barrio en el departamento del Atlántico (Colombia). Para ello, se realizaron 30 entrevistas en profundidad sobre el análisis de una transcripción de 127 páginas, con la triangulación de fuentes segundarias y el trabajo de campo. Como contribución, el estudio determinó la emergencia de una generalidad sobre las característica de compra en los clientes y cinco conceptos que enmarcan la motivación de compra, los cuales son conveniencia, necesidad, oportunidad, experiencia gratificante y familiaridad, fundada en relaciones cercanas que hacen parte de la cotidianidad de los barrios como una experiencia de valor e identidad cultural.
Measuring the mass of an electron: an undergraduate laboratory experiment with high resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Bouza Marcos , Gilbert-López Bienvenida , García-Reyes Juan Francisco , Rodríguez Ortega Pilar Gema
Published: October 2021

High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has become increasingly affordable and user-friendly. Its potential spans a wide range of applications and experiments including the measurement of accurate masses, supporting the elucidation of elemental compositions and the identification of unknown compounds. To illustrate the main features of mass spectrometry, and particularly, of HRMS, we have designed and implemented a 3-h laboratory experiment using direct infusion electrospray HRMS analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ibuprofen or naproxen) solutions, acquiring full-scan spectra in both positive and negative ionization modes. The experimental accurate mass measurements (m/z values) of selected characteristic fragment ions -so called twin ions, with common elemental composition in both ionization modes but with different charge, allow the indirect measurement of the mass of an electron with relative errors below 5% with respect to the accepted IUPAC value (0.00055 Da). The experiment demonstrates how powerful and useful HRMS can be for research challenges often encountered during undergraduate or graduate research projects as well as for addressing undergraduate level general chemistry problems that provide the opportunity to discuss aspects related to the Nature of Science in an analytical chemistry context (such as measurement precision and accuracy).
Influence of Heating Rate and Soaking Temperature during Case-Hardening on the Hardness and Grain Size of Ultra-Clean Gear Steels
Authors: Fuchs D. , Rommel S. , Tobie T. , Stahl K. , Blum T.
Published: October 2021

In the framework of a research project, the tooth root bending strength of high-strength gears is investigated. The most common type of failure encountered with these shot-peened, case-hardened gears is tooth root breakage caused by a crack initiation below the surface at a non-metallic inclusion (fisheye failure). However, it is well known that case-hardening depth and quenching grain size can have a great influence on a gear’s load carrying capacity. To ensure that this research project solely investigates the influence of non-metallic inclusions, any cross-influences must be excluded or minimized, or at least known. However, in the case of such ultra-clean gear steels, no recommendations or investigations of the influence of case-hardening on material properties are currently available. Therefore, in the framework of this paper, extended investigations are conducted into the effects of different process steps during case-hardening on the resulting material properties of ultra-clean gear steels.
Capacity building in nurse educators in a Global Leadership Mentoring Community
Authors: Welk Dorette Sugg , Buckner Ellen B. , Chiatti Beth Desaretz , Farooq Salima , Lai Claudia K. Y. , Lukkahatai Nada , Ng Yeow Chye , Pollard Alyea , Russell Kylie , Sailian Silva Dakessian
Published: October 2021

Globally, nurse educators participate in the three main role activities of teaching, scholarship, and service. Matching for different global locations and career stages, 12 mentor–mentee pairs completed a one-year coordinated virtual program through Sigma Theta Tau International’s Global Leadership Mentoring Community and mentees reported building their nurse educator capacities. The authors describe factors that potentially influence international mentoring such as language, time, technology, and key characteristics of mentoring relationships. Growth in educator roles occurred in the contexts of the culture of academe itself and Boyer’s definitions of scholarship. Consistent with Sigma’s vision statement, nurse educators have a global presence and responsibility to prepare competent nurses who can advance the health of the world’s people. Readers may benefit for future planning of mentoring activities to build capacities in nurse educator roles through international interactions.
Universal inequalities of the poly-drifting Laplacian on smooth metric measure spaces
Authors: Hou Lanbao , Du Feng , Mao Jing , Wu Chuanxi
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we study the eigenvalue problem of poly-drifting Laplacian on complete smooth metric measure space

(

M
,

⟨

,

⟩

,

e

−
ϕ

d
v

)

\left(M,\langle ,\rangle ,{e}^{-\phi }{\rm{d}}v)

, with nonnegative weighted Ricci curvature

Ric

ϕ

≥
0

{{\rm{Ric}}}^{\phi }\ge 0

for some

ϕ
∈

C

2

(

M

)

\phi \in {C}^{2}\left(M)

, which is uniformly bounded from above, and successfully obtain several universal inequalities of this eigenvalue problem.
Pastoral Practices, Bedding and Fodder During the Early Neolithic Through Micromorphology at Cova Colomera (Southeastern Pre-Pyrenees, Iberia)
Authors: Bergadà M. Mercè , Oms F. Xavier
Published: October 2021

The microstratigraphic study of the Cova Colomera (Sant Esteve de la Sarga, Lleida, Spain) confirms that there are several discontinuous ovicaprid stabling episodes in the Late Cardial Neolithic sequence (c. 5250–4780 cal BC). There are episodes with and without combustion traces. From the burnt episodes, it has been possible to identify bedding and fodder due to their good preservation and abundance in the X-32 sector, specifically the level CE14. The main constituents are grassy remains and to a lesser extent, conifer twigs and needles, beech twigs, and box leaves. These data give an idea about the landscape near the cavity. From the nonburnt episodes, we emphasize the sector W-31, specifically the top of level CE13, in which bedding and fodder appear in a smaller quantity. Its components are also well preserved, with an emphasis on sheep/goat excrements in which it has been possible to identify part of their diet composed of leaves and culms of grasses (Poaceae). From these episodes and their components, we propose that Cova Colomera had different uses as a pen of a small size herd. In some episodes, the herd was more permanent in the cave, and therefore, more waste was generated, so burning was required; and in other episodes, occupation was more sporadic and the burning of waste was not so necessary. In short, Cova Colomera allows us to propose that the study of pastoral activities in caves and rockshelters is more complex than previous studies have shown and that it is necessary to analyze these records with high-resolution techniques to broaden the knowledge of these first livestock communities.
Synthesis of 111In-p-SCN-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab and its preclinical evaluation in EGFR positive NSCLC animal model
Authors: Raana Gul-e , Shah Syed Qaiser
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate labeling of nimotuzumab (h-R3) with 111In using p-SCN-Bn-DTPA as bifunctional chelate, evaluate its targeting potential against SK-LU-1, H226, H650, H661, and HCC4006 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines and correlate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression level with internalization kinetics, biodistribution and imaging accuracy using Balb/c mice and New Zealand White rabbit (NZWR) animal model. The amount of p-SCN-Bn-DTPA attached to h-R3 was assessed by measuring relative absorbance at 652 nm with ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine percent radiochemical purity (%RCP) and in vitro stability using excess amount of diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA). The in vitro stability in rat serum was estimated using iTLC-SG. EGFR expression level in each tumor was assessed by chemiluminescence. In vivo uptake in different organs of Balb/c mice and non-invasive imaging potential using NZWR bearing HCC4006 tumor, was evaluated with gamma camera. UV spectroscopy has confirmed the attachment of five p-SCN-Bn-DTPA (chelate) with one antibody. The HPLC indicated 98.85 ± 0.14% (n = 3) %RCP with high yield (>96%), specific activity 3.5 ± 0.0.25 mCi per mg and 94.25 ± 0.34% in vitro stability at 37 °C in mice serum. In excess DTPA no considerable transchelation was experiential from the 111In labeled p-SCN-Bn-DTPA-h-R3 to the challenger. The EGFR expression in HCC4006 was higher amongst all with band density of 23.53 relative to 1.00 of H226. Initially internalization was lower which went up 1.05 × 104 molecules per HCC4006 cell in 48 h. The optimal concentration of h-R3 for maximum uptake was 15 μg per animal. Higher uptake in target organ was observed in animal infected with HCC4006 cells. However, in excess pure h-R3 the uptake was significantly reduced indicating tumor specificity. HCC4006 target site was undistinguishable relative to background activity in the initial phase of imaging due to poor uptake. However, within 60 h the HCC4006 tumor was quite apparent. This experiment suggests that at optimal dosage of 111In labeled h-R3 can be used for localization and identification of EGFR positive NSCLC using gamma camera.
DC magnetization of titania supported on reduced graphene oxide flakes
Authors: Guskos Niko , Zolnierkiewicz Grzegorz , Guskos Aleksander , Aidinis Konstantinos , Glenis Spiros , Wanag Agnieszka , Kusiak-Nejman Ewelina , Narkiewicz Urszula , Morawski Antoni W.
Published: October 2021

DC magnetization of a series of titania nanocomposites modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been investigated. Hysteresis loops observed at room temperature disappeared at low temperatures. At a temperature of about 100 K, a phase transition to the superferromagnetic order state was observed, probably due to the linear expansion and self-reorientation of the magnetic moments. Processes associated with magnetic moment reorientation can cause a hysteresis loop to disappear at low temperatures as well as superferromagnetic ordering. It was suggested that the isolated nanoparticle in the nanopore could be used to create a “compass” at a nanometer-sized level that would be many times more sensitive than the conventional one. Measurements of the zero-field cooling and field cooling modes do not exclude the possibility of the coexistence of a superparamagnetic state.
UNDER-UTILISATION OF INTERNAL EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMME (EAP) SERVICES BY THE SOUTH AFRICAN POLICE SERVICE IN LEPHALALE, LIMPOPO PROVINCE
Authors: Dipela Mmaphuti Percy , Sithole Sello
Published: October 2021

An employee assistance programme (EAP) is a service provided by an employer to employees who experience personal problems. Its utilisation becomes a challenge when the targeted population prefers to use alternative services to this programme specifically earmarked for them. Such a situation motivated this quantitative research aimed to evaluate the utilisation of the employee assistance programme in the South African Police Service (SAPS) in the Waterberg district of Limpopo Province. A systematic sample comprising of 189 respondents was drawn from the total population of 398 employees. The study revealed that the employees’ awareness of the programme was very low.
IS FOSTER CARE THE SAFE PLACE WE BELIEVE IT TO BE? IF NOT, WHY NOT?
Authors: Masha Rankwe Reuben , Botha Petro
Published: October 2021

Foster care is an important part of the child protection system; however, it seems that some foster children are not protected – they are abused and neglected. The aims of this article are to confirm on a small scale whether children in foster care are indeed being abused and neglected and to develop an understanding of factors contributing to the abuse and neglect of these foster children. A qualitative research approach was applied. Findings confirmed the occurrence of abuse and/or neglect and provided information on factors relating to foster parents and the foster care system itself contributing to this phenomenon.
Aspectos éticos en odontopediatría
Authors: Torres Ramos Gilmer
Published: October 2021

Sr Editor.

La profesión odontológica es una actividad social que debe estar orientada a un fin noble, el servicio a los demás. La responsabilidad ética del profesional implica tener siempre presente el bien interno de su profesión 1. El rol del odontopediatra en la sociedad es mejorar la salud bucal de los niños y adolescentes a través de la promoción de salud bucal, la prevención hasta la rehabilitación bucal sistemática y minuciosa.
Evolução da permanência e educação da juventude rural no Brasil e na Colômbia
Authors: Triana Jorge
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo se realiza uma análise comparada na última década entre Colômbia e Brasil, avaliando as situações que entusiasmam a migração rural da juventude, fundamentado em levantamentos bibliográficos, dados e argumentos que comprovam esta hipótese. O texto finaliza apresentando os resultados e análises que fornecem informações para o aprimoramento da pesquisa no ramo da juventude rural.
Etnodesarrollo y gestión territorial en contextos turísticos patagónicos
Authors: Impemba Marcelo
Published: October 2021

Los temas y contenidos expresados en el presente trabajo, son el resultado de diferentes proyectos de investigación y extensión universitaria, en los cuales se han abordado el desarrollo turístico y su incidencia socio-cultural y económica en comunidades mapuche de la región andina patagónica de Argentina

Abordar el turismo contextualizado espacial e históricamente en relación a comunidades indígenas, representa un amplio campo de investigación, sobre aquellos cambios en las condiciones ambientales, territoriales y sus prácticas productivas.

Entre los ejes que han guiado el trabajo de campo, se pueden destacar el estudio de sus acciones reivindicativas, las transformaciones territoriales, y las representaciones y estigmatizaciones del resto de la sociedad, desde la perspectiva del etnodesarrollo turístico.
Ingo Cornils: Beyond Tomorrow. German Science Fiction and Utopian Thought in the 20th and 21st Centuries. Rochester, New York (Camden House) 2020.
Authors: Esselborn Hans
Published: October 2021

Review of Beyond Tomorrow. German Science Fiction and Utopian Thought in the 20th and 21st Centuries by Ingo Cornils.
Vörösmarty Mihály gimnáziumi latintankönyveinek azonosítása Ovidius-fordításai alapján
Authors: Vámos Violetta
Published: October 2021

Les éditeurs de l’édition critique de l’oeuvre du poète ont accordé une attention particulière aux poèmes que Vörösmarty Mihály a composés lors de ses années de lycée. La première biographie du poète, celle de Pál Gyulai, a déjá mis en valeur l’importance des années scolaires dans la formation du profile poétique de Vörösmarty. Frigyes Brisits et Károly Horváth avaient présenté les premiers résultats concrets à ce sujet. Károly Horváth a consacré une étude monographique complète aux influences antiques/classiques qu’on peut repérer dans l’oeuvre du poète. Les résultats de cette étude et du premier volume de l’édition critique sont une contribution importante à la reconstruction du progrès linguistique et littéraire du jeune poète. Les premiers textes de Vörösmarty fournissent une illustration spectaculaire du corpus et des méthodes de l’enseignement pratiqué dans la Hongrie du 19e siècle. Peut-on renverser ce rapport? L’étude des textes scolaires peut-elle contribuer à l’analyse de la formation et du progrès du profile poétique du jeune auteur? Dans mon article, je me propose d’étudier l’auteur peut-être le plus important de l’enseignement de la langue latine au début du 19e siècle: Ovide.
Egy elveszett gyűjtemény kincsei
Authors: Szabó András Péter
Published: October 2021

A 17. század magyar szerzőtől származó vagy Magyarországon megjelent nyomtatványait leginkább a szerencsésen fennmaradt példányok alapján ismerjük, de az is meglehetősen gyakran előfordul, hogy egy könyv megjelenését csak egy egykorú vagy kései említés igazolja. Utóbbiakat általában a 18. század olyan gondos tudományos íróinak köszönhetjük, mint amilyen például a magyarországi evangélikus lelkészekről életrajzi lexikont összeállító Johann Samuel Klein (1748–1820),1 aki számos, azóta elveszett nyomtatvány emlékét fenntartotta. Sokkal ritkábban vehetjük viszont hasznát a kora újkori könyvjegyzékeknek, amelyeknek szűkszavú, megjelenési helyet és évszámot csak elvétve tartalmazó leírásai olykor a mű azonosítását sem teszik lehetővé, a konkrét kiadványok meghatározására pedig igen korlátozottan alkalmasak.
Tolnai Mihály kensingtoni tanár végrendelete
Authors: Gömöri György
Published: October 2021

Az Angliába vándorolt Tolnai Mihály alakja régóta foglalkoztat, de ez ideig két album-bejegyzésen kívül nem maradt fönn tőle semmilyen írásmű, levelezése más magyarokkal, ha volt is, elveszett. Most újabb kutatásaim során az angol Nemzeti Archívumban sikerült megtalálnom Tolnai Mihály végrendeletét.
A systematic review of encapsulation and control release technology in food application
Authors: Melaku Tafese Awulachew
Published: October 2021

This review paper is aims to give a brief description of encapsulation and control release technology in food preservation. Besides the material give potential information for those who interested for future development perspectives of the sector and also create awareness potentially for readers, traders, Students, factory workers, technologist and related stakeholder. the selection of encapsulating materials depends on the types, origins, and properties of these food ingredients. It is being increasingly popular in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and functional food industries as a highly effective method that performs various functions; the major being prolonging the shelf-life of the active, masking the undesirable flavour, colour and taste and controlling the release of bioactive.
Trolls, Pressure and Agenda: The discursive fight on Twitter in Turkey
Authors: Baloğlu Uğur
Published: October 2021

Censorship, banning, and imprisonment are different methods used to suppress dissenting voices in traditional media and have now evolved into a new form with bot and troll accounts in the digital media age in Turkey. Is it possible to construct a bloc with counter-trolls against the escalating political pressure on the media in the post-truth era? Are counter-trolls capable of setting the agenda? This article discusses the possibility of constructing a bloc against the escalating political pressure in Turkey on the media through counter-trolls in the context of communicative rationality. First, it observes the ruling party’s troll politics strategy on Twitter, then examines the counter-discourses against political pressure today; thereafter it analyzes the discourse in hashtags on the agenda of the Boğaziçi University protests. Firstly, 18,000 tweets are examined to understand the suppress-communication strategy of the AK Party trolls. Secondly, the agenda-setting capacity of counter-trolls is observed between January 1, 2020, and February 5, 2021, and 18,000 tweets regarding Boğaziçi protests are examined to analyze the communication strategy of the counter-trolls. The study shows that the populist government instrumentalizes communication in social media, and Twitter does not have enough potential for the Gramscian counter-hegemony, but the organized actions and discourses have the potential to create public opinion.
EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF SOFTENING METHODS OF WATER FROM NATURAL SOURCES
Authors: MINKINA Svetlana A. , NEGODA Larisa L. , KURMAYEVA Tatyana S.
Published: October 2021

The results of chemical analysis of natural waters from surface (river, water supply) and underground (well, well) sources are given. Water selection for analysis was carried out in a number of cities and villages of the Samara and Penza regions. The analysis was performed on the following indicators: total stiff ness, hydrogen index, calcium, magnesium, iron cations, chlorides, sulfates, hydrocarbonates, permanganate oxidability. The most common chemical indicator of water quality exceeding MPC was identifi ed. The negative impact of rigid water on the operation of boiler units and household needs is shown. Various methods of water softening are illuminated. The results of determination of water hardness before softening and after fi ltration through a layer of cationite and anionite are presented. Based on the obtained indicators, recommendations are given on the selection of softening methods for various types of boilers.
Resilient by Nature: Increasing Private Sector Uptake of Nature-based Solutions for Climate-resilient Infrastructure: A Market Assessment for Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors:   Acclimatise,   UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre
Published: October 2021

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity affecting our ability to deliver energy, transport, logistics, water, sanitation, and communications services. Investment for climate-resilient infrastructure is at the core of the IDB Groups agenda. In particular, nature-based Solutions (NbS) are a cost-effective way to build infrastructure resilient to climate change while delivering societal benefits. As many LAC governments and businesses are unaware of the opportunities and cost-efficiencies of NbS, setting out the business case for these solutions is an important first step to build support and secure funding. This Market Assessment examines how NbS can contribute to climate-resilient infrastructure through the protection, management, and restoration of natural capital. It examines existing barriers and the opportunities to increase private sector use of NbS focusing on the role of policy in NbS uptake; awareness, governance, and capacity; technical tools and skills to deliver NbS; and finance and funding. It provides recommendations for infrastructure project developers and operators, financial institutions, and policymakers to create a more enabling environment for NbS in LAC.
Mudanças nos Meios de Vida dos Ribeirinhos a Partir da Ressignificação Econômica do Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.): um Estudo em Igarapé-Miri/Pa
Authors: Da silva Suany Machado , De Freitas Alair Ferreira
Published: October 2021

Este artigo retrata as transformações nos meios de vida de ribeirinhos de Igarapé-miri/PA, a partir da mercantilização do fruto de açaí. Esta pesquisa qualitativa partiu da incursão empírica no cotidiano dos ribeiros e se assentou na realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Utilizou-se a abordagem dos meios de vida (livelihoods), elucidando elementos que compõe a reprodução social familiar. Como resultado percebeu-se que a alta demanda pelo fruto tem mudado a rotina e a forma como os ribeirinhos se relacionam com a natureza e com o fruto, garantido oportunidades de acesso a ativos que eram distantes da realidade local, mas também criando vulnerabilidades.
O poder do traço de Chrispim Do Amaral
Authors: Falcón Raúl
Published: October 2021

ResumoEste trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um estudo da produção gráfica do artista Chrispim do Amaral (1858-1911), particularmente das caricaturas produzidas para a revista A Semana Ilustrada (1887) e O Estafeta (1879) em Belém. No conjunto de caricaturas da revista, foram observadas diversas cenas e relatos da sociedade belenense do século XIX – aproximando da realidade nacional, criticando de maneira divertida e jocosa as situações políticas e acontecimentos históricos da sociedade paraense.AbstractThis work had as objective of studying the graphic production of the artist Chrispim do Amaral (1858-1911), specially the caricatures made for the 'A Semana Ilustrada' magazine and 'O Estafeta' (1879) from Belém. Several scenes and reports of the 19th century Belém society were observed - aproaching the national reality, amusingly and jokingly criticizing the political situations and historical events of Pará society.
LEVANTAMENTO POPULACIONAL DE INSETOS-PRAGA EM DIFERENTES GENÓTIPOS E TECNOLOGIAS DE SOJA NO SUDOESTE GOIANO
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Leonardo , Silva Frank Willi Dias , Carnevale Ariana Bertola , Fernandes Marilaine De Sá , Batista Priscila Ferreira
Published: October 2021

O manejo integrado de pragas é uma ferramenta que, se bem empregada, pode auxiliar na redução do custo de produção. Sendo assim, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar a ocorrência de insetos-praga na cultura da soja durante a safra 2018/2019 em diferentes genótipos de soja com tecnologia RR e RR2 PRO. O estudo foi conduzido no município de Mineiros, GO, Brasil. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados constituído de 10 genótipos de soja: Bônus, Desafio, Flecha, Foco, ICS7019, M5917, M7110, Power, ST721 e ST797, com quatro repetições. Durante o ciclo de cada genótipo foram realizadas amostragens semanais de acordo com os estádios fenológicos utilizando o pano-de-batida vertical, os dados do levantamento e identificação dos insetos foram anotados em planilhas de identificação denominada ficha MIP Soja. Os dados foram submetidos a análise descritiva tomando-se as médias, utilizando escala de cores para distinção destas. Posteriormente as variáveis foram submetidas a correlação linear, após construiu-se a árvore filogenética, posteriormente empregou-se o método das variáveis canônicas biplot, além da aprendizagem computacional não supervisionada através de Redes Neurais Artificiais, utilizando os algoritmos K-means e Mapa de Kohonen. Os genótipos diferiram entre si quanto a severidade do ataque de pragas, apresentando forte correlação entre o estado fenológico e a incidência de lagartas e percevejos. O genótipo 8473RR foi o mais atacado por lepidópteros e o menos atacado por heterópteros.
INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA NO SOLO EM SEMEADURA DIRETA APÓS ESCARIFICAÇÃO E CULTIVO DE ESPÉCIES VEGETAIS
Authors: Prazeres Marco Segalla , Barbosa Fabrício Tondello , Bertol Ildegardis , Fehlauer Tercio Vaisnava , Oliveira Gustavo Ferreira de
Published: October 2021

A infiltração de água no solo é influenciada pelo manejo, em especial pelo tipo de preparo mecânico, dentre outros fatores, e seu conhecimento é importante para o planejamento conservacionista. A escarificação pode melhorar as condições físicas e hídricas e aumentar a capacidade de infiltração de água no solo. Com este estudo objetivou-se avaliar algumas propriedades físicas e a infiltração de água no solo na presença e ausência de uma escarificação em semeadura direta, em um Cambissolo Húmico de textura argilo siltosa. Para isso, testaram-se os seguintes tratamentos: semeadura direta e semeadura direta submetida a uma escarificação, ambos combinados com os cultivos de aveia preta/milho, aveia preta/feijão, trigo/milho, trigo/feijão, nabo forrageiro/milho e nabo forrageiro/feijão. Coleta de amostras de solo e testes de infiltração de água foram realizados no início e ao final do experimento. A escarificação afetou positivamente as propriedades físicas do solo apenas na camada superficial de 0-5 cm, cujo efeito persistiu pelo período de um ano para a maioria dos atributos, resultando em maior infiltração de água em relação ao tratamento sem escarificação.
Reações ao Primeiro Estudo de Sidman Sobre Equivalência, entre 1971 e 1982
Authors: Azoubel Marcos Spector , Micheletto Nilza
Published: October 2021

O comportamento do cientista é selecionado e mantido por contingências dispostas pela comunidade científica. Parte dos eventos apresentados pela comunidade científica é composta pelas reações de seus membros a novos dados e propostas conceituais. Tais reações parecem exercer importante papel no surgimento de novas teorias científicas e na modificação de teorias pré-existentes. Com base nisso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar algumas reações da comunidade científica ao primeiro estudo de Sidman sobre equivalência de estímulos, entre 1971 e 1982. A partir de buscas pelos trabalhos que citaram esse artigo, no Scopus e no Google Acadêmico, foram selecionados 22 trabalhos. Foram registrados aspectos formais dos estudos, suas características gerais e as diferentes reações ao estudo de Sidman. Foi possível verificar que a maior parte dos trabalhos teve participação de Sidman, que todos os artigos apresentaram posições convergentes (avaliação positiva ou argumentação com posição semelhante) e que o trabalho inicial de Sidman foi citado, na maior parte dos trabalhos, de maneira periférica. Isso indica que o impacto na comunidade científica foi relativamente pequeno. Os dados apresentados poderiam ser mais bem articulados se comparados com as reações a outros dados e conceitos, em diversas disciplinas científicas e na análise do comportamento, de forma que são indicados novos estudos que avaliem essa questão.Palavras-chave: Behaviorismo radical; ciência; comportamento simbólico; controle de estímulos; disseminação científica; equivalência de estímulos; estudo bibliométrico; método científico; metodologia; Sidman.
Recubrimiento comestible a base de alginato en combinación con eugenol nanoencapsulado y su efecto conservador en la vida útil de jitomate (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Piña Barrera Andrés Mauricio , Ramírez Pérez Marbella Saraí , Báez González Juan Gabriel , Amaya-Guerra Carlos A. , Álvarez Román Rocío , Galindo Rodríguez Sergio A.
Published: October 2021

Las deficiencias en la tecnología postcosecha y el ataque de fitopatógenos ocasionan que los productos hortofrutícolas, como el jitomate, presenten una vida útil muy corta. Además del daño económico, esto puede traer efectos negativos sobre la salud y el medio ambiente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar un recubrimiento activo de alginato de sodio en combinación con nanocápsulas poliméricas cargadas con eugenol (AL-NP-EUG) para mejorar la vida útil del jitomate. Utilizando la técnica de nanoprecipitación se obtuvieron NP con un tamaño de 171 nm, un índice de polidispersidad de 0.113 y un potencial zeta de –2.47 mV. Utilizando la técnica de HS-SPME con CG-FID, se determinó un porcentaje de eficiencia de encapsulación de 31.85 % para el EUG. El estudio de vida útil demostró que los jitomates tratados con el AL-NP-EUG mantuvieron por más tiempo la firmeza que aquellos sin el recubrimiento. Además, en el ensayo de patogenicidad se demostró que los jitomates con el AL-NP-EUG no presentaron signos de daño ocasionado por el fitopatógeno Colletotrichum gloesporoides. Se concluyó que la formulación de EUG nanoencapsulado e incorporado al recubrimiento comestible presenta alto potencial para su aplicación como nanoconservador natural de productos hortofrutícolas como el jitomate.
Studies on Progesterone Concentration and Fertility Response in Postpartum Subestrus Buffaloes during Breeding and Low Breeding Seasons
Authors: Prasad B. Chandra , Naidu G. Venkata , Srinivas M. , Raghunath M. , Kumar Ashwini
Published: October 2021

Background: The dairy and livestock sector plays a very important role in national economy of India by contributing close to one third of gross income of rural households and nearly half of gross income in case of those without land. Subestrus is the most prevalent, frustrating and challenging problem encountered in postpartum buffaloes. Postpartum subestrus is one of the most prevalent, frustrating and challenging reproductive problem encountered in rural resulting into prolonged inter-calving period, reduced milk production and thus greatly affecting the economy of our farming community. Methods: The present study was carried out on Graded Murrah buffaloes during the period from September 2017 to August 2019 (includes breeding and low breeding season) which were maintained at farm and field. Treatment of sub-estrus lactating graded Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) using Double PGF2 α (DPG) and Presynch-Ovsynch (POVS) their influence on fertility in farm and field condition during breeding and low breeding season was studied. Total cholesterol and progesterone concentration was recorded during different days/period of protocols. Further, overall per cent conception and pregnancy rates were recorded and compared between two protocols. Result: Progesterone levels increased significantly on day 21 post AI in pregnant buffaloes, whereas decreased significantly in non-pregnant buffaloes both in farm and field during breeding and low breeding season. The overall per cent conception and pregnancy rates were higher in POVS group than DPG group at both farm and field as well as during breeding and low breeding seasons.
Development of Protocol for Lyophilization of Goat Rumen Fluid
Authors: Nanthini A. Ruba , Valli C. , Radhakrishnan L. , Balasubramanyam D. , Mangalagowri A.
Published: October 2021

Background: Rumen fluid has been used as microbial inoculum to treat indigestion in ruminant animals and to conduct in vitro rumen fermentation experiments. Lyophilization of the goat rumen fluid will provide continuous supply of rumen inoculums either for laboratory studies or for transfaunation in treating digestive disorders sequelae to high grain rations. However, no standard protocol is available for lyophilizing goat rumen fluid. Hence, this study was designed to develop a protocol to lyophilize goat rumen fluid as an alternate source for fresh goat rumen fluid. Methods: The study was conducted using 5 × 3 × 3 factorial design with four different cryoprotectants viz., 10% skim milk powder, 10% skim milk powder + 5% sodium glutamate, 5% glycerol, 5% DMSO and no cryoprotectant, at three pre freezing (2, 24 and 48 hours) and three freeze drying (8, 24 and 32 hours) time intervals to standardize protocol for lyophilizing goat rumen fluid. The viability of rumen microbes in the “lyophilized goat ruminal inoculum”, was determined via in vitro gas production study. Result: Pre freezing (-80°C deep freezer) duration of 48 hours with 32 hours of time duration in lyophilizer (-45°C) was ideal for lyophilizing goat rumen fluid with or without the addition of various cryoprotectants. Glycerol used at 5% as cryoprotectant resulted in significantly (P less than 0.05) highest gas production at all (12, 24 and 48) incubation hours studied indicating better viability of rumen microbes.
Recent Advances in In-Vitro Assays for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview
Authors: Vhora Nazmina , Naskar Ujjal , Hiray Aishwarya , Kate Abhijeet S. , Jain Alok
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: A higher rate of attenuation of molecules in drug discovery has enabled pharmaceutical companies to enhance the efficiency of their hit identification and lead optimization. Selection and development of appropriate in-vitro and in-vivo strategies may
improve this process as primary and secondary screening utilize both strategies. In-vivo approaches are too relentless and expensive for assessing hits. Therefore, it has become indispensable to develop and implement suitable in-vitro screening methods to execute the required
activities and meet the respective targets. However, the selection of an appropriate in-vitro assay for specific evaluation of cellular activity is no trivial task. It requires thorough investigation of the various parameters involved. AIM: In this review, we aim to discuss
in-vitro assays for type 2 diabetes (T2D), which have been utilized extensively by researchers over the last five years, including target-based, non-target based, low-throughput, and high-throughput screening assays. METHODS: The literature search was conducted using databases including
Scifinder, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to find the significant published articles. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION: The accuracy and relevance of in-vitro assays have a significant impact on the drug discovery process for T2D, especially in assessing the antidiabetic
activity of compounds and identifying the site of effect in high-throughput screening. The report reviews the advantages, limitations, quality parameters, and applications of the probed invitro assays, and compares them with one another to enable the selection of the optimal method
for any purpose. The information on these assays will accelerate numerous procedures in the drug development process with consistent quality and accuracy.
Pengaruh Fitur E-Commerce Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Galang Nusantara Achmad  , Jannah Salsabilah Shofiyatul
Published: October 2021

E-Commerce di masa pandemi semakin menunjukkan akselerasinya yang begitu pesat. Tak dapat dipungkiri saat ini E-Commerce menjadi alternatif pilihan masyarakat untuk berbelanja secara aman di masa pandemi. Salah satu penunjang kegiatan E-Commerce adalah hadirnya berbagai aplikasi belanja online yang memberikan kemudahan pada konsumen dalam berbelanja online. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan persaingan antar perusahaan aplikasi  menjadi sangat ketat. Meskipun aplikasi belanja online memiliki fungsi yang sama akan tetapi didalamnya terdapat fitur-fitur dengan cara kerja yang berbeda. Fitur-fitur tersebut dapat mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen dalam memilih aplikasi yang akan digunakan. Fitur aplikasi kemudian menjadi aspek penting yang harus diperhatikan oleh perusahaan. Penelitan ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan metode kuantitatif dengan cara uji regresi linear sederhana. Pengambilan populasi sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa nilai F hitung = 17,251 dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, maka terdapat pengaruh antara variabel Fitur Aplikasi E-Commerce (X) terhadap variabel Keputusan Pembelian (Y). Adapun besarnya nilai korelasi (R) yaitu sebesar 0,526 dan menghasilkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R Square) sebesar 0,277, yang berarti bahwa besarnya pengaruh variabel bebas (Fitur Aplikasi E-Commerce) terhadap variabel terikat (Keputusan Pembelian) adalah sebesar 27,7%. Dari hasil riset tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa fitur dalam aplikasi mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen dalam memutuskan pembelian.
Determinant of Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) Disclosure in Companies Registered in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII)
Authors: Isman Ainul Fatha , Aeni Nur Cholifatul
Published: October 2021

Social aspects are important aspects that must be considered by every individual. Similarly, companies that must disclose social responsibility or what is called Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) through the mandate of the Act. This research aims to determine the factors that affect the Islamic corporate social responsibility disclosure in Indonesia. This research is categorized in quantitative research with associative approaches. The population in this study amounted to 30 companies registered in the Jakarta Islamic Index in 2016-2018 with a purposive sampling technique to obtain 51 samples. The data analysis model in this study is a panel data linear regression test with a combination of time series data and cross-section which is carried out through three approaches, namely the common effect model, the fixed-effect model, and the random effect model. The results of this study indicate that partially and simultaneously the size of the company's profitability, and the Muslim board of directors influence the disclosure of the company's ICSR. The most influential factor in company ICSR disclosure is company size. The results of this study imply that each company uses the ISR Index as a reference for the preparation of sharia corporate social responsibility reporting standards and increases the number of Muslim board of directors who are competent and have innovative ideas to increase company assets, thus positively impacting ICSR disclosure.
El Diablo Negro: un nuevo pacto de energía en México
Authors: Luna Gómez Luis Alberto , Rodríguez José Javier de la Rosa , Vallejo María Antonieta Andrade
Published: October 2021

La Reforma Energética aprobada al final de 2013 es parte de la política de posicionamiento global del Estado para atraer inversiones de capital nacional y extranjero, siendo, no sólo promotor, más también parcero. Esa acción determina la producción del territorio en diferentes escalas, aquí se muestran las escalas nacional, local y regional. La renta de la tierra se refiere, en este análisis a la producción de Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex), mismo antes de 2013, cuando la Constitución Mexicana fue alterada en sus artículos 25, 27 y 28, acerca de la titularidad de los recursos, denominando tal acción de Reforma Energética. La empresa nacional Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex) destinaba una renta por el uso dado al territorio nacional, capturada por la Secretaria de Hacienda y Crédito Público (SHCP), variando entre 35% y 40%, que representan una fuerte cantidad para inversión en gasto social e infraestructura para el país.
A Hybrid Approach for Clustering Uncertain Time Series
Authors: Ma Ruizhe , Zhu Xiaoping , Yan Li
Published: October 2021

Information uncertainty extensively exists in the real-world applications, and uncertain data process and analysis have been a crucial issue in the area of data and knowledge engineering. In this paper, we concentrate on uncertain time series data clustering, in which the uncertain values at time points are represented by probability density function. We propose a hybrid clustering approach for uncertain time series. Our clustering approach first partitions the uncertain time series data into a set of micro-clusters and then merges the micro-clusters following the idea of hierarchical clustering. We evaluate our approach with experiments. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional UK-means clustering algorithm, the Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) of our clustering results have an obviously higher accuracy. In addition, the time efficiency of our clustering approach is significantly improved.
An Effective Data Sampling Procedure for Imbalanced Data Learning on Health Insurance Fraud Detection
Authors: Kotekani Shamitha S , Velchamy Ilango
Published: October 2021

Fraud detection has received considerable attention from many academic research and industries worldwide due to its increasing popularity. Insurance datasets are enormous, with skewed distributions and high dimensionality. Skewed class distribution and its volume are considered significant problems while analyzing insurance datasets, as these issues increase the misclassification rates. Although sampling approaches, such as random oversampling and SMOTE can help balance the data, they can also increase the computational complexity and lead to a deterioration of model's performance. So, more sophisticated techniques are needed to balance the skewed classes efficiently. This research focuses on optimizing the learner for fraud detection by applying a Fused Resampling and Cleaning Ensemble (FusedRCE) for effective sampling in health insurance fraud detection. We hypothesized that meticulous oversampling followed with a guided data cleaning would improve the prediction performance and learner's understanding of the minority fraudulent classes compared to other sampling techniques. The proposed model works in three steps. As a first step, PCA is applied to extract the necessary features and reduce the dimensions in the data. In the second step, a hybrid combination of k-means clustering and SMOTE oversampling is used to resample the imbalanced data. Oversampling introduces lots of noise in the data. A thorough cleaning is performed on the balanced data to remove the noisy samples generated during oversampling using the Tomek Link algorithm in the third step. Tomek Link algorithm clears the boundary between minority and majority class samples and makes the data more precise and freer from noise. The resultant dataset is used by four different classification algorithms: Logistic Regression, Decision Tree Classifier, k-Nearest Neighbors, and Neural Networks using repeated 5-fold cross-validation. Compared to other classifiers, Neural Networks with FusedRCE had the highest average prediction rate of 98.9%. The results were also measured using parameters such as F1 score, Precision, Recall and AUC values. The results obtained show that the proposed method performed significantly better than any other fraud detection approach in health insurance by predicting more fraudulent data with greater accuracy and a 3x increase in speed during training.