bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GNSS-IR Measurements of Inter Annual Sea Level Variations in Thule, Greenland from 2008–2019
Authors: Dahl-Jensen Trine S. , Andersen Ole B. , Williams Simon D. P. , Helm Veit , Khan Shfaqat A.
Published: December 2021

Studies of global sea level often exclude Tide Gauges (TGs) in glaciated regions due to vertical land movement. Recent studies show that geodetic GNSS stations can be used to estimate sea level by taking advantage of the reflections from the ocean surface using GNSS Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR). This method has the immediate benefit that one can directly correct for bedrock movements as measured by the GNSS station. Here we test whether GNSS-IR can be used for measurements of inter annual sea level variations in Thule, Greenland, which is affected by sea ice and icebergs during much of the year. We do this by comparing annual average sea level variations using the two methods from 2008–2019. Comparing the individual sea level measurements over short timescales we find a root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 13 cm, which is similar to other studies using spectral methods. The RMSD for the annual average sea level variations between TG and GNSS-IR is large (18 mm) compared to the estimated uncertainties concerning the measurements. We expect that this is in part due to the TG not being datum controlled. We find sea level trends from GNSS-IR and TG of −4 and −7 mm/year, respectively. The negative trend can be partly explained by a gravimetric decrease in sea level as a result of ice mass changes. We model the gravimetric sea level from 2008–2017 and find a trend of −3 mm/year.
Integration of Satellite Precipitation Data and Deep Learning for Improving Flash Flood Simulation in a Poor-Gauged Mountainous Catchment
Authors: Tang Xuan , Yin Zhaorui , Qin Guanghua , Guo Li , Li Hongxia
Published: December 2021

Satellite remote sensing precipitation is useful for many hydrological and meteorological applications such as rainfall-runoff forecasting. However, most studies have focused on the use of satellite precipitation on daily, monthly, or larger time scales. This study focused on flash flood simulation using satellite precipitation products (IMERG) on an hourly scale in a poorly gauged mountainous catchment in southwestern China. Deep learning (long short-term memory, LSTM) was used, merging satellite precipitation and gauge observations, and the merged precipitation data were used as inputs for flood simulation based on the HEC-HMS model, compared with the gauged precipitation data and original IMERG data. The results showed that the application of original IMERG data used directly in the HEC-HMS hydrological model had much lower accuracy than that of gauged data and merged data. The simulation using the merged precipitation in HEC-HMS exhibited much better performances than gauged data. The mean NSE improved from 0.84 to 0.87 for calibration and 0.80 to 0.84 for verification, while the lower NSE improved from 0.81 to 0.84 for calibration and 0.73 to 0.86 for verification, which showed that accuracy and robustness were both significantly improved. Results of this study indicate the advances of remote sensing precipitation with deep learning for flash flood forecasting in mountainous regions. It is likely that more significant improvements can be made in flash flood forecasting by employing multi-source remote sensing products and deep learning merging methods considering the impact of complex terrain.
Deforestation Detection with Fully Convolutional Networks in the Amazon Forest from Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 Images
Authors: Torres Daliana Lobo , Turnes Javier Noa , Soto Vega Pedro Juan , Feitosa Raul Queiroz , Silva Daniel E. , Marcato Junior Jose , Almeida Claudio
Published: December 2021

The availability of remote-sensing multisource data from optical-based satellite sensors has created new opportunities and challenges for forest monitoring in the Amazon Biome. In particular, change-detection analysis has emerged in recent decades to monitor forest-change dynamics, supporting some Brazilian governmental initiatives such as PRODES and DETER projects for biodiversity preservation in threatened areas. In recent years fully convolutional network architectures have witnessed numerous proposals adapted for the change-detection task. This paper comprehensively explores state-of-the-art fully convolutional networks such as U-Net, ResU-Net, SegNet, FC-DenseNet, and two DeepLabv3+ variants on monitoring deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. The networks’ performance is evaluated experimentally in terms of Precision, Recall, F1-score, and computational load using satellite images with different spatial and spectral resolution: Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2. We also include the results of an unprecedented auditing process performed by senior specialists to visually evaluate each deforestation polygon derived from the network with the highest accuracy results for both satellites. This assessment allowed estimation of the accuracy of these networks simulating a process “in nature” and faithful to the PRODES methodology. We conclude that the high resolution of Sentinel-2 images improves the segmentation of deforestation polygons both quantitatively (in terms of F1-score) and qualitatively. Moreover, the study also points to the potential of the operational use of Deep Learning (DL) mapping as products to be consumed in PRODES.
Clarifying the Smokescreen of Russian Protected Areas
Authors: Cazzolla Gatti Roberto , Velichevksaya Alena , Simeone Luigi
Published: December 2021

Although in strictly protected areas no forest management and logging activities should be evident, a preliminary study detected that, even in the 200 areas with the highest protection of Russia, more than 2 Mha of trees have been lost between 2001 and 2018. Nonetheless, a relevant percentage of the actual drivers of tree loss in Russian strictly protected areas was surrounded by uncertainties due to several factors. Here, in an attempt to “clarify the smokescreen of Russian protected areas”, by validating previous remotely sensed data with new high-resolution satellite imagery and aerial images of land-use change, we shed more light on what has happened during the last 20 years. We used the same layer of tree loss from 2001 to 2020 but, instead of intersecting it with the MODIS data that could have been a source of underestimation of burned surfaces, we overlapped it to the layer of tree cover loss by dominant driver. We analysed the main drivers of tree loss in almost 200 strictly protected areas of Russia. We found that although fire is responsible for 75% of the loss in all strictly protected areas, forestry activities still account for 16%, and 9% is due to undefined causes. Therefore, uncontrolled wildfires (including those started before or after logging) and forestry activities are the main causes of 91% of the total tree loss. The combination of wildfires (often started intentionally) and forestry activities (illegally or barely legally put in place) caused a loss of an astonishing 3 million hectares. The fact that ≈10% of Russian tree cover was lost in two decades since 2001 only in strictly protected areas requires high attention by policymakers and important conservation actions to avoid losing other fundamental habitats and species during the next years when climate change and population growth can represent an additional trigger of an already dramatic situation. We call for an urgent response by national and local authorities that should start actively fighting wildfires, arsonists, and loggers even in inhabited remote areas and particularly in those included in strictly protected areas.
Impact of the COVID-19 on the Destination Choices of Hungarian Tourists: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Kupi Marcell , Szemerédi Eszter
Published: December 2021

The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) has transformed the tourism sector to an unprecedented extent, creating new challenges and new development paths. Although the recovery of tourism is fraught with uncertainties, the changes in tourists’ travel habits offer a unique opportunity for tourism to recover in a way that respects the principles of sustainable development. Several international studies suggest that the pandemic has significantly transformed tourists’ travel habits and destination choices, making them more environmentally conscious and shifting their preferences towards inland destinations close to nature. To test these claims, we examined tourists’ destination choices and the factors influencing them in a sample of 500 respondents in Hungary before the pandemic and after the restrictions on travel, businesses, gatherings, and mask requirements were lifted in the summer of 2021. Our results show that there was no significant change in the destination choices of the tourists surveyed. The main influences were the aspects of safety and comfort; the consideration of environmental concerns, despite our assumptions, did not play a significant role.
Knowledge Management in Relation to Innovation and Its Effect on the Sustainability of Mexican Tourism Companies
Authors: Ochoa-Jiménez Sergio , Leyva-Osuna Beatriz Alicia , Jacobo-Hernández Carlos Armando , García-García Alma Rocío
Published: December 2021

An essential aspect of today’s companies is to convert their knowledge into innovative applications that have a sustainable effect; therefore, this study focuses on determining the relationship between the three mentioned constructs. To verify this, a questionnaire was applied to 492 companies in the tourism sector in southern Sonora, Mexico, whose information was captured in SPSS and analyzed with structural equations in the SmartPLS software. The main findings affirm that knowledge management has a direct, positive, and significant relationship with sustainability and innovation, as well as a positive and direct relationship between innovation and sustainability. Companies can focus on knowledge management that will generate innovation and in turn will be distinguished by achieving sustainability, with a possible generation of competitive advantage, as well as sustainable innovation.
Rural Transformation and Labor Market Outcomes among Rural Youths in Nigeria
Authors: Rufai Adedoyin Mistura , Ogunniyi Adebayo Isaiah , Salman Kabir Kayode , Salawu Mutiat Bukola , Omotayo Abiodun Olusola
Published: December 2021

In Nigeria, unemployment in rural areas translates to economic problems, such as high levels of rural–urban migration. Interventions aimed at promoting rural transformation and development are designed to generate employment by promoting the growth of sectors such as manufacturing and services in rural areas. In this study, the General Household Survey (GHS) panel data for the post-planting and post-harvest periods of the 2011/2012 and 2015/2016 cropping seasons for Nigeria was used to investigate developments in rural areas in Nigeria between 2011 and 2015, and identified how these developments influenced labor market outcomes among rural youths. Fixed effect models were employed to control for unobserved heterogeneity that may exist because of the different years in the data used. Key levers of sustainable social and economic development, such as access to finance, health services, markets, and infrastructure such as electricity, were considered. The empirical results from the study revealed that being educated as well as having access to infrastructure and information had positive effects on the number of youths that took up wage/salary employment in the rural areas. The study concluded that the diversification of youths into other sectors would have higher growth effects on the development of rural areas, as they can invest more in agriculture, while also reducing the level of dependence on the sector. The study recommends an increase in budgetary allocations for education and rural development projects, with a special focus on electricity and financial institutions, while increasing access to information on available job opportunities.
Biomass Valorization to Bioenergy: Assessment of Biomass Residues’ Availability and Bioenergy Potential in Nigeria
Authors: Ezealigo Uchechukwu Stella , Ezealigo Blessing Nonye , Kemausuor Francis , Achenie Luke Ekem Kweku , Onwualu Azikiwe Peter
Published: December 2021

The bioenergy sector in Nigeria currently lacks a proper assessment of resource availability. In this study, we investigated the bioenergy potential of agricultural residues and municipal solid and liquid waste using data from 2008 to 2018, and we applied a computational and analytical approach with mild assumptions. The technical potential for the production of cellulosic ethanol and biogas was estimated from the available biomass. It was discovered that higher energy was generated from biogas than cellulosic ethanol for the same type of residue. The available crop residue technical potential of 84 Mt yielded cellulosic ethanol and biogas of 14,766 ML/yr (8 Mtoe) and 15,014 Mm3/yr (13 Mtoe), respectively. Biogas has diverse applications ranging from heat to electric power generation and therefore holds great potential in solving the current electricity crisis in Nigeria. It will also position the nation towards achieving the 7th sustainable development goal (SDG 7) on clean and affordable energy.
Accountability through Sustainability Data Governance: Reconfiguring Reporting to Better Account for the Digital Acceleration
Authors: Liakh Olena
Published: December 2021

Accountability assessment is a highly relevant challenge for companies nowadays. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted a digital acceleration in business environments, which in turn brought more focus on sustainability practices that could help organizations better demonstrate their accountability, thus making them more resilient to the ever-changing socio-economic context. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate how to further improve corporate accountability (on a strategic and operational level), taking advantage of the digitalization changes that companies are being forced to go through and applying them to the sustainability evaluation process, including the reporting as its final output. The first research outcome is a combined framework, based on data governance and sustainability literature models, seeking to optimize the manageability of sustainability data. The second outcome is a matrix, based on a content analysis of 20 sustainability reports, representing eight possible types of behavior that companies adopt when integrating digitalization practices into their sustainability evaluation process. The aim is to explore how the communication of digital activities could refine the diligence of the sustainability assessment process, with disclosure representing its last step. Finally, the ‘leading’ case was broken down into the general strategic components that could potentially be included in a balanced data-sustainability reporting strategy.
INSTIs and NNRTIs Potently Inhibit HIV-1 Polypurine Tract Mutants in a Single Round Infection Assay
Authors: Smith Steven J. , Ferris Andrea , Zhao Xuezhi , Pauly Gary , Schneider Joel P. , Burke Terrence R. , Hughes Stephen H.
Published: December 2021

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are a class of antiretroviral compounds that prevent the insertion of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the host genome by targeting the viral enzyme integrase (IN). Dolutegravir (DTG) is a leading INSTI that is given, usually in combination with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), to treat HIV-1 infections. The emergence of resistance to DTG and other leading INSTIs is rare. However, there are recent reports suggesting that drug resistance mutations can occur at positions outside the integrase gene either in the HIV-1 polypurine tract (PPT) or in the envelope gene (env). Here, we used single round infectivity assays to measure the antiviral potencies of several FDA-approved INSTIs and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) against a panel of HIV-1 PPT mutants. We also tested several of our promising INSTIs and NNRTIs in these assays. No measurable loss in potency was observed for either INSTIs or NNRTIs against the HIV-1 PPT mutants. This suggests that HIV-1 PPT mutants are not able, by themselves, to confer resistance to INSTIs or NNRTIs.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Epidemiology in an Integrated Pig Company of Northern Italy: A Multilevel Threat Requiring Multilevel Interventions
Authors: Franzo Giovanni , Barbierato Giacomo , Pesente Patrizia , Legnardi Matteo , Tucciarone Claudia Maria , Sandri Giampietro , Drigo Michele
Published: December 2021

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is probably the most relevant viral disease affecting pig farming. Despite the remarkable efforts paid in terms of vaccination administration and biosecurity, eradication and long-term control have often been frustrated. Unfortunately, few studies are currently available that objectively link, using a formal statistical approach, viral molecular epidemiology to the risk factors determining the observed scenario. The purpose of the present study is to contribute to filling this knowledge gap taking advantage of the advancements in the field of phylodynamics. Approximately one-thousand ORF7 sequences were obtained from strains collected between 2004 and 2021 from the largest Italian pig company, which implements strict compartmentalization among independent three-sites (i.e., sow herds, nurseries and finishing units) pig flows. The history and dynamics of the viral population and its evolution over time were reconstructed and linked to managerial choices. The viral fluxes within and among independent pig flows were evaluated, and the contribution of other integrated pig companies and rurally risen pigs in mediating such spreading was investigated. Moreover, viral circulation in Northern Italy was reconstructed using a continuous phylogeographic approach, and the impact of several environmental features on PRRSV strain persistence and spreading velocity was assessed. The results demonstrate that PRRSV epidemiology is shaped by a multitude of factors, including pig herd management (e.g., immunization strategy), implementation of strict-independent pig flows, and environmental features (e.g., climate, altitude, pig density, road density, etc.) among the others. Small farms and rurally raised animals also emerged as a potential threat for larger, integrated companies. These pieces of evidence suggest that none of the implemented measures can be considered effective alone, and a multidimensional approach, ranging from individual herd management to collaboration and information sharing among different companies, is mandatory for effective infection control.
Influence of Carbon Agglomerate Formation on Micropollutants Removal in Combined PAC-Membrane Filtration Processes for Advanced Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Hoffmann Grit , Rathinam Karthik , Martschin Matthias , Ivančev-Tumbas Ivana , Panglisch Stefan
Published: December 2021

Micropollutants (MPs) are ubiquitous in wastewater and are not effectively removed by the existing conventional treatment processes, resulting in increased environmental pollution. Nowadays, dosing of powdered activated carbon (PAC) prior to membrane filtration has emerged as an advanced wastewater treatment method for MPs removal. This study investigated the carbon agglomerate formation in the PAC stock suspension and its influence on MPs removal in PAC-capillary membrane filtration processes at both lab- and pilot-scale levels. Both lab- and pilot-scale membrane filtration results revealed that MPs removal efficiency is affected with the increase of PAC concentration in the stock suspension. For example, one of the investigated pilot tests showed a significantly reduced removal of good adsorbable MPs (from 57 to 17%) when stock suspension concentration was increased from 0.2 to 20 g/L. It is assumed that PAC agglomerates led to a slower adsorption kinetic and an inhomogeneous distribution of PAC in the membrane system. Maintaining PAC concentration in the stock suspension as low as possible (below 0.2 g/L for investigated PAC) certainly would help to avoid agglomeration problems and enhance the overall performance of the processes.
Groundwater Impacts and Management under a Drying Climate in Southern Australia
Authors: Walker Glen R. , Crosbie Russell S. , Chiew Francis H. S. , Peeters Luk , Evans Rick
Published: December 2021

The trend to a hotter and drier climate, with more extended droughts, has been observed in recent decades in southern Australia and is projected to continue under climate change. This paper reviews studies on the projected impacts of climate change on groundwater and associated environmental assets in southern Australia, and describes groundwater planning frameworks and management responses. High-risk areas are spatially patchy due to highly saline groundwater or low-transmissivity aquifers. The proportional reduction in rainfall is amplified in the groundwater recharge and some groundwater discharge fluxes. This leads to issues of deteriorating groundwater-dependent ecosystems, streamflow depletion, reduced submarine discharge, groundwater inundation and intrusion in coastal regions and reduced groundwater supply for extraction. Recent water reforms in Australia support the mitigation of these impacts, but groundwater adaptation is still at its infancy. Risk management is being incorporated in regional water and groundwater management plans to support a shift to a more sustainable level of use and more climate-resilient water resources in affected areas. The emerging strategies of groundwater trade and managed aquifer recharge are described, as is the need for a national water-focused climate change planning process.
Effect of Smashing Ridge Tillage Depth on Soil Water, Salinity, and Yield in Saline Cotton Fields in South Xinjiang, China
Authors: Bai Zhentao , Liu Hongguang , Wang Tangang , Gong Ping , Li Huiqin , Li Ling , Xue Bao , Cao Minghai , Feng Jinping , Xu Yibin
Published: December 2021

To explore the potential of smashing ridge tillage irrigation, it is necessary to investigate how smashing ridge tillage technology with mulched drip irrigation affects soil water, salinity, and cotton yield in saline fields. We conducted a two-year (2020–2021) field experiment to study the effects of different smashing ridge tillage depths on soil bulk density, moisture, salinity, dry matter production, yield, and its constituents (effective bolls, 100-bell weight). There were three smashing ridge tillage depths: A (20 cm), B (40 cm), and C (60 cm), with traditional tillage as the CT. The results showed that all of the smashing ridge tillage could reduce soil bulk density, improve the utilization and uptake of deep soil water during the rapid growth period, and reduce the soil salt content. Compared with the CT treatment, the average soil bulk density of the 0–60 cm soil layer in treatments A, B, and C in 2020 and 2021 decreased by 3.05%, 5.87%, 10.09%, and 1.65%, 4.48%, and 8.49%, respectively. The average soil water content in the 0–120 cm soil layer at the flowering and boll stage decreased by 3.68%, 6.28%, 9.04%, and 3.59%, 6.52%, and 9.98%, respectively; the soil salt content in the 0–120 cm soil layer at the boll opening stage decreased by 4.21%, 6.75%, 11.95%, and 5.47%, 24.25%, and 54.13%, respectively. Cotton dry matter production and yield tended to increase with an increasing depth of smash ridge tillage. Treatment C obtained the maximum dry matter production, seed cotton yield, effective bolls, and 100-boll weight. The dry matter production at the boll opening stage was significantly increased by 17.16% and 15.91%, and the yield was significantly increased by 65.24% and 84.14% in treatments C in 2020 and 2021, respectively, compared to CT. The smashing ridge tillage of 60 cm can optimize the structure of the soil tillage layer and also reduce soil salinity and increase yield, which is the suitable depth of smashing ridge tillage for saline cotton fields in the south of Xinjiang. The findings of the study can provide some theoretical basis and practical experience for the improvement of saline soils and sustainable agricultural development in South Xinjiang, China.
Three-Parameter Regulation Rules for the Long-Term Optimal Scheduling of Multiyear Regulating Storage Reservoirs
Authors: Xie Yangyang , Liu Saiyan , Fang Hongyuan , Ding Maohua , Wang Jingcai
Published: December 2021

The perennial storage water level (PL), the water level at the end of wet season (WL), and the water level at the end of dry season (DL) are three critical water levels for multiyear regulating storage (MRS) reservoirs. Nevertheless, the three critical water levels have not been paid enough attention, and there is no general method that calculates them in light of developing regulating rules for MRS reservoirs. In order to address the issue, three-parameter regulation (TPR) rules based on the coordination between the intra- and interannual regulation effects of MRS reservoirs are presented. Specifically, a long-term optimal scheduling (LTOS) model is built for maximizing the multiyear average hydropower output (MAHO) of a multireservoir system. The TPR rules are a linear form of rule with three regulation parameters (annual, storage, and release regulation parameters), and use the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm to solve the LTOS model with three regulation parameters as the decision variables. The approach of utilizing the CS algorithm to solve the LTOS model with the WL and DL as the decision variables is abbreviated as the OPT approach. Moreover, the multiple linear regression (MLR) rules and the artificial neural network (ANN) rules are derived from the OPT approach-based water-level processes. The multireservoir system at the upstream of Yellow River (UYR) with two MRS reservoirs, Longyangxia (Long) and Liujiaxia (Liu) reservoirs, is taken as a case study, where the TPR rules are compared with the OPT approach, the MLR rules, and the ANN rules. The results show that for the UYR multireservoir system, (1) the TPR rules-based MAHO is about 0.3% (0.93 × 108 kW∙h) more than the OPT approach-based MAHO under the historical inflow condition, and the elapsed time of the TPR rules is only half of that of the OPT approach; (2) the TPR rules-based MAHO is about 0.79 × 108 kW∙h more than the MLR/ANN rules-based MAHO under the historical inflow condition, and the TPR rules can realize 0.1–0.4% MAHO more than the MLR and ANN rules when the reservoir inflow increases or reduces by 10%. According to the annual regulation parameter, the PLs of Long and Liu reservoirs are 2572.3 m and 1695.2 m, respectively. Therefore, the TPR rules are an easy-to-obtain and adaptable LTOS rule, which could reasonably and efficiently to determine the three critical water levels for MRS reservoirs.
Redevelopment of industrial territories in Moscow: trends and analysis of experience
Authors: Dyadkova E. A. , Bogomolsky V. E.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of redevelopment of industrial territories in the city of Moscow. The authors have studied the main trends in the development of the construction industry of the Russian Federation, analyzed the experience of implementing redevelopment projects in Moscow, and also identified trends in the development of the construction industry in the implementation of redevelopment projects of industrial territories.
Human resources, training and retraining of specialists in the field of construction
Authors: Mottayeva A. B. , Orlova V. M.
Published: December 2021

This article addresses the development of human resources capacity in the field of construction in the conditions of constant improvement of the construction sector. The peculiarities of personnel management processes in construction organizations are defined. The most urgent problems in the field of construction in the Russian Federation are highlighted. Possible ways of solving personnel problems have been suggested.
Tratamiento físico-químico del agua para el cultivo larvario y el asentamiento de la ostra del Pacífico Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1975)
Authors: Rodríguez Pesantes Daniel , Lodeiros César , Revilla Jormil , Márquez Adrián , Sonnenholzner Stanislaus
Published: December 2021

La ostra del Pacífico Crassostrea gigas es uno de los moluscos con mayor producción  a  escala  global  y  el  éxito  de  su  cultivo  depende  principalmente  de  la producción de semillas bajo condiciones controladas, siendo la calidad del agua utilizada un  factor  preponderante.  Se  evaluó  la  producción  de  postlarvas,  tanto  en  el  desarrollo larvario  como  en  etapa  postlarvaria  temprana,  bajo  distintos  tratamientos  físicos  y químicos comúnmente utilizados en el cultivo  de invertebrados, teniendo como base la filtración  y  exposición  del  agua  a  la  luz  ultravioleta-UV  (tratamiento  1-control)  y  sus variantes con adición de:  hipoclorito + tiosulfato, hipoclorito + vitamina C,  hipoclorito + tiosulfato + ácido etilendiamino tetraacético-EDTA, hipoclorito + tiosulfato + vitamina C +  EDTA  y  antibiótico  oxitetraciclina.  Los  resultados  en  menor  tiempo  del  desarrollo larvario, mayor tasa de crecimiento y talla de larvas competentes demuestran la eficacia del tratamiento físico del agua filtrada e irradiada con UV en flujos de 10 L min, y de la terapia  basada  en  oxitetraciclina  para  aumentar  la  supervivencia,  así  como  también afectar positivamente en la tasa de asentamiento; sin embargo, no recomendamos el uso de  antibióticos  en  la producción  de  semillas  de  C.  gigas, por  generar  menor  condición fisiológica de las larvas (retardo de 2 días en el desarrollo larvario) y sus efectos de crear resistencia dentro y fuera de la hatchery. Se recomienda para la producción de postlarvas de C. gigas el uso del agua filtrada hasta 1 µm y posterior exposición a luz UV, así como estudios para la búsqueda de alternativas de desinfección o fortalecimiento inmunológico con  el  uso  de  productos  naturales  y  probióticos  para  la  optimización  del  desarrollo larvario y postlarvario.
Lista de árbitros, Volumen 2
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: December 2021

Lista de árbitros, Volumen 2
Preengorda de semillas de ostra Americana Crassostrea virginica con aplicación de actinomicetos probióticos y medicamentos homeopáticos
Authors: García-Bernal Milagro , Medina-Marrero Ricardo , Mazón-Suástegui José Manuel , Arcos-Ortega Guadalupe Fabiola , Tordecillas-Guillén Jorge Luis , Barajas-Ponce Ulysses
Published: December 2021

Se evaluó durante 30 días el efecto de actinobacterias probióticas y medicamentos homeopáticos, así como su combinación, sobre la condición fisiológica de juveniles tempranos de ostra Americana Crassostrea virginica durante su preengorda en laboratorio ostrícola comercial. En el diseño experimental se incluyeron cinco tratamientos: [T1 (Streptomyces sp. RL8), T2 (ViP 7C+ViA 7C), T3 (PhA 7C+SiT 7C), T4 (ViP 7C+ViA 7C+RL8), T5 (PhA 7C+SiT 7C+RL8)] y dos controles: [T6 (Etanol) y T7 (Agua Destilada)], con tres réplicas cada uno. Como variables fisiológicas de respuesta se evaluó el Índice de Glándula Digestiva (IGD) y el Índice Muscular (IM). Al concluir el bioensayo (T30) se observó un valor mayor promedio del IGD en los juveniles que recibieron los tratamientos T3, T4 y T5, así como diferencias con relación al IM, con valores máximos en los que recibieron T3, T5, y T6. Estos resultados demuestran que el uso de actinomicetos probióticos y de medicamentos homeopáticos tienen aplicabilidad productiva para mejorar la condición fisiológica y desempeño de C. virginica, con potencial efecto positivo en su rendimiento biológico y económico durante la preengorda de semillas en laboratorio y su cultivo en mar.
Comparative characteristic of atmospheric air quality on the right-bank and left-bank parts of Ulyanovsk
Authors: Antonova Zh.A.
Published: December 2021

The investigation was carried out on the basis of analysis of data from stationary monitoring stations for atmospheric pollution during two-year period (2020-2021) and the city's zoning scheme. As a result of the investigation priority pollutants were identified for the right-bank and left-bank parts of Ulyanovsk. According to the list of priority pollutants, a number of prospective sources of these emissions were identified.

Key words: stationary observation posts, priority pollutants, pollution sources, mobile posts, environmental standards.
Correction and prevention of lumbosacral osteochondrosis in elderly women based on the use of exercise complexes in water
Authors: Lanskaya O.V. , Sazonova L.A.
Published: December 2021

The study is devoted to identifying the effectiveness of exercise complexes in water for the correction and prevention of lumbosacral osteochondrosis in elderly women, which was proven and expressed in a significant improvement in systolic blood pressure, the Stange and Gencha test, spinal mobility in the Tomayer test and the Schober test, lateral flexion of the spine to the left and right, maintaining stability of balance in the Romberg test, quality of life.

Keywords: elderly age, osteochondrosis, exercises in water.
Application of the phenol-sulfuric acid method for the determination of glycogen in skeletal muscles and liver of rats
Authors: Tretyakova A.M. , Vakhnina N.A.
Published: December 2021

The possibility of using the phenol-sulfuric acid method for the determination of total glycogen, its acid-soluble and acid-insoluble fractions in the liver and skeletal muscles of rats was studied. It was found that the use of a precipitant in the isolation of total glycogen and its fractions increases the yield of the investigated substances.

Key words: phenol-sulfate method, rats, liver, muscles, total glycogen, acid-soluble glycogen, acid-insoluble glycogen.
Biomarkers of oxidative stress in the mountains
Authors: Tyumonbaeva N.B. , Berbolot K.G. , Vishnevsky А.А. , Kazybekova A.A.
Published: December 2021

The data presented in the work indicate probable membrane indicators of functional disorders, closely related to oxidative processes (LPO) under the influence of unfavorable factors of the mountain environment. Key words: membranes, adaptation to the physical factors of mountains, lysophospholipids.
The quality of life of patients after reconstructive and reconstructive breast surgery
Authors: Khodyrev S.A. , Levchuk A.L. , Starokon P.M. , Shabaev R.M.
Published: December 2021

The quality of life indicators of 70 patients who underwent reconstructive and reconstructive breast surgery were studied. We used a depression test questionnaire and questionnaires on the quality of life. The patients were divided into 3 groups. It was found that a higher level of depression in group II compared to group I. Low level of depression in group III. Indicators of the physical component of health are the highest in group II compared to groups I and III. Low indicators of the physical component of health in group III patients. Indicators of the psychological component of health are higher in group III compared to groups II and I. Higher indicators of the psychological component of health in patients of groups II and III.

Key words: quality of life, mammary glands, reconstructive and reconstructive operations, neoplasms, psycho-emotional status.
The effectiveness of early local administration of hyaluronic acid in experimental traumatic ischemia of the limb muscles
Authors: Shulepov A.V. , Shperling I.A. , Yurkevich Yu.V. , Shperling N.V.
Published: December 2021

The experiments were performed on 280 male Wistar rats weighing 300-340 g. The design of the study included: modeling of compression injury of the soft tissues of the thigh, local injection of the preparation of hyaluronic acid "Gialift 3.5" into the area of damage 3 hours after the cessation of compression, taking into account the results after 7, 14 and 28 days. The introduction of hyaluronic acid into the area of compression injury of soft tissues reduces the severity of myoglobinemia, increases the immunohistochemical density of VEGF-positive cells, improves the perfusion characteristics of microcirculation, oxygen saturation, and specific oxygen consumption by tissues.

Keywords: traumatic muscle ischemia, hyaluronic acid, myoglobin, microcirculation, metabolism, laser Doppler flowmetry, morphometry.
Microanatomical organization of regional inguinal lymph node parenchyma after endolymphatic injection of gold nanoparticles
Authors: Gabitov V.H. , Beisembayev A.A. , Sulaimankulova S.K. , Kuramaeva T.E. , Saalieva A.N. , Omurbek uulu Ulukmyrza , Gabitova M.A.
Published: December 2021

The morphofunctional state of regional lymph nodes of white mongrel rats after endolymphatic introduction of gold nanoparticles with a diameter from 5 nm to 30 nm was studied. Endolymphatic introduction of gold nanoparticles was shown to have a direct immunomodulatory effect even at small sizes of nanogold. Morphological rearrangements in the regional lymph nodes testify to the activation of migration, proliferation and differentiation of immunocompetent cells, which suggests the immunomodulatory effect of gold nanoparticles.

Key words: endolymphatic injection of gold nanoparticles, inguinal lymph nodes, cell populations.
Monitoring the dynamics of the concentration of pollen of allergenic plants the purpose of prevention of polynosis in Ulyanovsk
Authors: Golodnova D.A.
Published: December 2021

The study of allergenic plants and their palynological complexes is of great importance for the prevention of pollinosis. Despite this, they are insufficiently studied in many countries of the world, including Russia. On the territory of the Ulyanovsk region, these studies were not carried out, although pollinosis occupy a leading place among allergic pathology.

Studies have shown that the largest amount of pollen grains for the entire flowering period of allergenic plants is observed in the industrial zone. We can conclude that June and July are the most dangerous months for people with allergies. The most dangerous waves are the second and third, the least dangerous - the first. The research results must be taken into account when planning preventive measures and treating pollinosis.

Key words: allergenic plants, hay fever, pollination, pollen concentration, pollen wave.
The effect of new scalp acupuncture on qi, 5 elements and acupuncture of meridians in patients with chronic stroke – pilot study
Authors: Toledo Thais Gebin , Terra Andreia Maria Silva Vilela , Quirino Adriele Regina , Reis Luciana Maria dos , Kosour Carolina , Santos Vanessa de Queiroz dos , Silva Sidney Benedito da , Santos Adriana Teresa Silva
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Individuals affected by stroke often lead to loss of autonomy, dependence in activities of daily living, and social disruption, possibly leading to a reduced quality of life. Most survivors present residual sensory-motor deficits that interfere with the performance of functional activities. Reducing complications and improving the functional recovery of these individuals is an important starting point for rehabilitation professionals. Objective. To analyze the effect of the new Yamamoto scalp acupuncture (SA) YNSA on Qi, 5 elements and acupuncture of meridians in chronic stroke patients. Method. This is a quasi-experimental pilot study composed of nine chronic stroke patients. All participants diagnosed with chronic stroke aged from 38 to 79 years underwent energetic electrodiagnosis. Patients received a SA session on the contralateral hemisphere of the damaged side corresponding to the motor and sensory area for 30 minutes. The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied, followed by the paired t-test. Results: There was a significant reduction in the Yin, Fire (Pericarium) and Fire (heart). The following organs and viscera also presented a reduction: lung, right pericardium, left small intestine, and right spleen. Conclusions. It is concluded that AE YNSA can promote Qi balance, reduction in the fire element and reduction in the action of some acupuncture meridians in chronic stroke patients in the analysed sample.
THE USE OF PHOTOCATALYTIC CONCRETES IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Shestakov N. , Alekseeva D. , Polosina D.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the possibility of reducing the atmospheric environmental load of highways by applying compositions with photocatalytic properties to acoustic screens. It is found that the amount of nitrogen oxides on the territory of the city of Moscow exceeds the MPC norms. Therefore, a potential way to reduce the level of the average daily and maximum one-time MPC of nitrogen oxides is proposed, when using coatings of traditional acoustic screens with photocatalytic compositions. Titanium dioxide in anatase form is considered as a photocatalytic agent. To reduce the density and increase the porosity of cement compositions, a cellulosic suspension obtained by saturation in an aqueous medium with subsequent homogenization is introduced. The effect of cellulose in the considered cement systems in combination with a photocatalytic agent has been investigated. By the method of mathematical planning, a two-factor compositional experiment is compiled. In result, the degrees of influence of titanium dioxide and cellulose additives on the strength, density and water absorption of the composites under study are established. The study of the structure of the obtained composites shows that TiO2 is mainly located on the surface of cellulose fibers, which theoretically increases the useful surface for photocatalytic reactions and, as a consequence, the final efficiency of the compositions.
SELECTION AND ANALYSIS OF RAW MATERIALS FOR A PROTECTIVE AND DECORATIVE LAYER OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL
Authors: Bondarenko D.
Published: December 2021

With modern housing construction, the cost of finishing work has increased significantly. The development of protective and decorative coatings is necessary, with architectural and artistic advantages and high performance properties with a slight increase in cost. It is necessary to develop a high-quality multilayer monolithic composite with a high degree of adhesion of functional layers to each other. Glass industry waste of various fractions and coloring salts of metals are proposed to be used for a decorative layer, which allows to obtain an almost unlimited color gamut of the coating during plasma chemical modification. The choice of application of high-alumina refractory and alumina cement in the protective layer is justified due to their high thermal resistance to sudden temperature changes. Compositions of a protective layer based on binders and a decorative layer using crushed colored container glass and coloring metal salts moistened with a 5% aqueous solution of liquid glass have been proposed, which makes it possible to significantly expand the raw material base for obtaining functional coatings on concrete. The melt heating temperature and the kinetics of its cooling are determined in order to identify rational rates and duration of high-temperature treatment for further coating creation. Rational rates of plasma processing of composite material for the formation of coatings of various textures are revealed
THE EFFECT OF STABILIZING ADDITIVES ON THE STABILITY OF ASPHALT CONCRETE TO THE EFFECTS OF WEATHER AND CLIMATIC FACTORS
Authors: Yadykina V. , Tobolenko S. , Gridchin A.M. , Vyrodova K.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of stabilizing additives from industrial waste on the change in the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete as a result of the influence of weather and climatic factors. Microporous waste from the pulp and paper industry of high density (corrugated cardboard), mineral fillers from limestone and waste from wet magnetic separation of ferruginous quartzites in a stable and activated state and a bituminous emulsion are used as initial components. As a criterion for assessing the influence of weather and climatic factors on the physical and mechanical properties of the stone mastic asphalt, the coefficient of degradation of their values was used. It is found that after one and three years of conditional exposure to weather and climatic factors, there was an increase in the tensile strength at splitting and a decrease in the compressive strength at temperatures of 20 and 50 °C of samples of all compositions of the stone mastic asphalt, which is associated with the aging of the binder and the separation of the bitumen film from the surface of mineral materials and components of the stabilizing additive. It is shown that as a result of the introduction of mineral fillers into the composition of stabilizing additives, their bitumen-retaining ability increases, which indicates an increase in the structuring effect of the stabilizer and helps to slow down aging. The most effective was shown by a stabilizing additive containing freshly ground wet magnetic separation waste, which is explained by their high adsorption capacity in relation to an organic binder. It is found that the stone mastic asphalt using the developed stabilizing additive undergoes significantly less degradation as a result of the influence of weather and climatic factors than asphalt concrete on a traditional Viatop stabilizer.
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF THE CONCEPT "THE VALUE OF OWN LIFE" (BASED ON THE RESULTS OF A PSYCHOLINGUISTIC EXPERIMENT)
Authors: Діаб Набіл
Published: December 2021

Relevance of the research. A sense of the value of one's own life and the peculiarities of its experience not sufficiently studied in domestic psychology. Understanding how this feeling arises and strengthens is necessary for the development of new technologies for psychological counselling and assistance to people facing various life problems.

The aim of the study is to analyze the universal and unique features of the verbal behavior of subjects of different ages and sex in relation to the phenomenon of the value of their own life.

Research methods. The subjects participated in a free associative experiment - writing five words that come to mind in connection with the phrase "The value of one's own life." Sample - 232 subjects (87 men and 145 women). The group of late adolescence consisted of 65 subjects aged 16 to 21 years. There were 81 subjects in the group of young people (22-30 years old). The mature group (61 people) was in the age range from 31 to 59 years. In the group of late maturity - 25 subjects.

Results. Variants of semantic systems were identified, which are verbalizing in associations and involved in determining the direction of experiencing a sense of value of their own life among men and women, early age, young, mature and advanced age. These options broadly correspond to the six main sources of the value of one's own life.

Conclusions. The value of one's own life is the willingness to experience the struggle for survival. This is the ability to deploy "techniques of being" when the subject responds to certain challenges of life. The identified male associates in the associative experiment have an external orientation and accentuate the idea of space / time. Women's associates are connected with the inner world, connected with personal and psycho-regulatory qualities. The types of age-related dynamics of associates were identified: “transversal”, “increasing”, “decreasing”, “bulging”.