bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postoperative complications and oncologic outcomes after multimodal therapy of localized high risk soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Potkrajcic Vlatko , Kolbenschlag Jonas , Sachsenmaier Saskia , Daigeler Adrien , Ladurner Ruth , Golf Alexander , Zips Daniel , Paulsen Frank , Eckert Franziska
Published: August 2022

Background
Standard therapy for localized high-risk soft tissue sarcoma includes surgical resection and neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiation therapy (+/-chemotherapy and locoregional hyperthermia). No difference in oncologic outcomes for patients treated with neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiation therapy was reported, whereas side effect profiles differ. The aim of this analysis was to analyse oncologic outcomes and wound healing complications in patients treated with multimodal treatment.
Methods
Oncologic outcomes and major wound complications (MWC, subclassified as wound healing disorder, infection, abscess, fistula, seroma and hematoma) were evaluated in all 84 patients with localized high-risk soft tissue sarcoma undergoing multimodal treatment, and also separately for the subgroup of lower extremity tumors. Clinical factors and treatment modalities (especially neoadjuvant versus adjuvant radiotherapy) were evaluated regarding their prognostic value and impact on postoperative wound complications.
Results
Oncologic outcome was dependent on tumor localization (worse for retroperitoneal sarcomas) and number of high risk features (tumor size, depth to superficial fascia and grading), but not on therapy sequencing (however with higher risk patients in the neoadjuvant group). Different risk factors influenced different subclasses of wound healing complications. No difference in MWC-rate in the whole cohort was found between patients treated with neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiation therapy (31.4% vs. 18.2%, p = 0.168). Except for wound infections, no significant differences were observed between neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy. Diabetes was confirmed as a major risk factor for immune-related wound complications.
Conclusion
Rates of major wound complications in this cohort are comparable to published data, higher rates of wound infections were observed after neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Patient age and diabetes seem to be major risk factors. The number of risk factors for high risk soft tissue sarcoma seem to influence oncologic outcomes. Neoadjuvant treatment increases the risk only for wound infection treated with oral or intravenous antibiotic therapy and appears to be a safe option at an experienced tertiary center in absence of other risk factors.
A randomised controlled feasibility study of food-related computerised attention training versus mindfulness training and waiting-list control for adults with overweight or obesity: the FOCUS study
Authors: Mercado Daniela , Werthmann Jessica , Antunes-Duarte Tiago , Campbell Iain C , Schmidt Ulrike
Published: August 2022

Background: In a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) in people with overweight/obesity with and without binge eating disorder (BED) symptoms, we assessed eight weekly sessions of attention bias modification training (ABMT) and mindfulness training (MT) versus waiting list (WL) and explored potential mechanisms. Methods: 45 participants were randomly allocated to one of three trial arms. Primary outcomes were recruitment, retention and treatment adherence rates. Secondary outcomes included measures of eating behaviour, mood, attention and treatment acceptability. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention (week 8), and follow-up (week 12). Results: Participant retention at follow-up was 84.5% across groups. Session completion rates in the laboratory were 87% for ABMT and 94% for MT, but home practice was much poorer for ABMT. Changes in BMI and body composition were small between groups and there was a medium size BMI reduction in the MT group at follow-up. Effect sizes of eating disorder symptom changes were not greater for either intervention group compared to WL, but favoured ABMT compared to MT. Hedonic hunger and mindful eating scores favoured MT compared to ABMT and WL. ABMT reduced attention biases towards high-calorie food cues, which correlated with lower binge eating episodes at post-intervention. No significant changes were observed in the MT, or WL conditions. Conclusions: Both ABMT and MT have potential value as adjuncts in the treatment of obesity and BED, and a larger clinical trial appears feasible and indicated. Trial registration: ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN15745838. Registered on 22 May 2018.
Distribution of southern tomato virus in tomato tissues
Authors: Hao Xiaojun , Zheng Yinying , Cui Baiming , Xiang Benchun
Published: August 2022

Southern tomato virus (STV) is a dsRNA virus, which belongs to the newly formed Amalgavirus genus of the Amalgaviridae family. Up to now, there is no report on the presence of STV in tomato tissues. In this study, we performed in situ hybridization to examine the distribution of STV in host tissues. The STV was found in the leaves, stems, seeds, shoot apexes and root tips of tomato and localized in the cortex tissue, vascular tissues, pith, seed coat, endosperm, cotyledon (including inner cotyledons and outer cotyledons), hypocotyls and radicles of infected tomato tissues. In addition, STV was detected in the apical part of the stems and roots for the first time. This indicates that STV is a systemic infection disease for tomato.
Microcrack segmentation of 3D CT images based on multi-task learning
Authors: Peng Junjie , Li Wenbin , Liao Suyu , Xu Tao , Zhu Yining
Published: August 2022

As a non-destructive testing technique, industrial CT (Computed Tomography) plays an important role in research and applications of the automatic defect detection for 3D CT images. In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown great potential in image recognition and segmentation tasks. For industrial 3D CT image detection, how to segment microstructural cracks is the main task at present. The challenge of this task is to identify cracks with low grayscale contrast and small size under unbalanced sample conditions. To address these problems, we propose a crack segmentation method based on the multi-task deep convolutional neural networks. The network architecture consists of a segmentation task module for extracting cracks and a classification task module for improving accuracy, which share part feature maps. We introduce the ECA block based on attention mechanism from Chen et al. to improve the segmentation accuracy. Numerical experimental results show that the proposed method has the better performance compared with other methods. At the same time, the network proposed in this paper has good generalization ability. In the case of only using simulated images training, it still yields good prediction results for real CT images.
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma with cystic component similar to multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential: a rare pattern of cyst-dependent progression from multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential
Authors: Yang Bo , Sun Lin , Cao Wen-feng , Qi Li-sha , Guo Yu-hong , Sun Yan
Published: August 2022

Background: For clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) with cystic component similar to multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential (MCRN-LMP) and solid low-grade component simultaneously, we propose the designation “ccRCC with cystic component similar to MCRN-LMP” and to study the relationship between MCRN-LMP and it. Methods: Twelve cases of MCRN-LMP and 33 cases of ccRCC with cystic component similar to MCRN-LMP were collected from 3,265 consecutive RCCs to compare them in clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical findings (PAX8, CA-IX, CK7, Vimentin, CD10, P504s, TFE3, 34βE12) and prognosis. Results: There was no significant difference in age, sex ratio, tumor size, treatment, grade and stage between them (P > 0.05). All ccRCCs with cystic component similar to MCRN-LMP coexisted with MCRN-LMP and solid low-grade ccRCCs, and MCRN-LMP component ranged from 20% to 90% (median, 59%). The positive ratio of CK7 and 34βE12 in MCRN-LMPs and ccRCCs’ cystic parts was significantly higher than that in ccRCCs’ solid parts, but the positive ratio of CD10 in MCRN-LMPs and ccRCCs’ cystic parts was significantly lower than that in ccRCCs’ solid parts (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of all immunohistochemistry profiles between MCRN-LMPs and ccRCCs’ cystic parts (P > 0.05). No patient developed recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions: MCRN-LMP and ccRCC with cystic component similar to MCRN-LMP have similarity and homology in clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical findings and prognosis, and form a low-grade spectrum with indolent or low malignant potential behavior. The ccRCC with cystic component similar to MCRN-LMP may be a rare pattern of cyst-dependent progression from MCRN-LMP.
Flip bifurcation and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation in a discrete predator-prey model with Michaelis-Menten functional response
Authors: Li Xianyi , Shao Xingning
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we use a semi-discretization method to explore a predator-prey model with Michaelis-Menten functional response. Firstly we investigate the existence and local stability of fixed points. Then by using the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory, we demonstrate that the system experiences a flip bifurcation and a Neimark-Sacker bifurcation at a fixed point when one of the parameters goes through its critical value. To illustrate our results, numerical simulations, which include maximum Lyapunov expoents, fractal dimensions and phase portraits, are also presented.
A Reliable Numerical Treatment of Differential Equations via Hybrid Bernstein and Improved Block-Pulse Functions
Authors: Ramadan Mohamed A. , Osheba Heba S.
Published: August 2022

Recently, the authors attempted to solve integral equations using hybrid improved block pulse and Bernstein functions. However, this is the first article to present a technical coupling between improved block-pulse functions and Bernstein functions for solving differential equations. The current method converts differential equations into an algebraic system that can be solved using traditional methods. To demonstrate the validity of this new approach, some numerical tests are provided. The findings demonstrated that the method is both promising and highly accurate.
Increased Metallothionein-1 associated with gout activity and tophi
Authors: Ma Yanmei , Yin Zhihua , Dai Hanying , Cong Junxiao , Wu Dandan , Huang Xinmin , Chen Xinpeng , Zou Linghua , Ye Zhizhong , Huang Zhong
Published: August 2022

Introduction：Gout is a chronic self-limiting inflammatory arthritis. The mechanism for the spontaneous rapid resolution of inflammation in acute gout was not yet to be elucidated. Metallothionein-1(MT-1) belongs to the metallothionein family, it has been reported to increase in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), and attenuate the inflammation and pathology of the diseases, however the expression of MT-1 in gout and the correlation with the disease activity are still unclear. The present study aims to detect the level of MT-1 in gout patients, and to explore its correlation with disease activity, complication, clinical indexes and inflammatory cytokines.Methods：The expressions of MT-1 mRNAs in PBMCs and serum MT-1 levels in gout patients were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlations between MT-1 and clinical indexes or inflammatory mediators in serum of gout were analyzed by Spearman correlation test.Results：Compared to healthy controls (HCs), active gout patients showed higher levels of MT-1 mRNA in PBMCs and protein in serum, especially in active gout patients with tophi. No significant difference in serum MT-1 levels was observed among the inactive gout patients, HCs and hyperuricemia patients without gout, and also no significant difference was found between kidney damage gout patients and HCs. Compared to HCs, serum IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significant elevated in active gout patients, especially in active gout patients with tophi. Serum MT-1 were positively correlated with CRP, as well as with IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18, but not correlated with urid acid (UA), ESR and CREA in gout patients. Conclusion：MT-1 was up-regulated in active gout patients, especially in active gout patients with tophi, and positively associated with CRP, as well as with proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Given that MT-1 has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress capacity in chronic noninfectious inflammatory diseases, thus, elevated MT-1 in active gout patients may play as an immune mediator to suppress the inflammatory response in acute gout episode.
Alpha-B-Crystallin overexpression is sufficient to promote tumorigenesis and metastasis in mice
Authors: Khanna Kum Kum , Rashidieh Behnam , Bain Amanda , Tria Simon , Sharma Sowmya , Stewart Cameron , Simmons Jacinta , Apaja Pirjo , Duijf Pascal , Finnie John
Published: August 2022

αB-Crystallin is a heat shock chaperone protein which binds to misfolded proteins to prevent their aggregation. It is overexpressed in a wide-variety of cancers. Previous studies using human cancer cell lines and human xenograft models have reported tumor suppressor or tumor promoter (oncogene) roles for αB-Crystallin depending on cellular context and environmental conditions. To determine the causal relationship between CRYAB overexpression and cancer, we generated a Cryab overexpression knock-in mouse model. This model revealed that constitutive overexpression of Cryab results in the formation of a variety of lethal spontaneous primary and metastatic tumors in mice. In vivo, the overexpression of Cryab correlated with the upregulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) markers, angiogenesis and some oncogenic proteins including Basigin. In vitro, using E1A/Ras transformed mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), we observed that the overexpression of Cryab led to the promotion of cell survival via upregulation of Akt signaling and downregulation of pro-apoptotic pathway mediator JNK, with subsequent attenuation of apoptosis as assessed by cleaved caspase-3. Overall, through the generation and characterization of Cryab overexpression model, we provide evidence supporting the role of αB-Crystallin as an oncogene, where its upregulation is sufficient to induce tumors, promote cell survival and inhibit apoptosis.
Depression in primary care and the role of evidence-based guidelines: Cross- sectional data from primary care physicians in Germany
Authors: Lech Sonia , Herrmann Wolfram , Trautmann Sebastian , Schwantes Ulrich , Gellert Paul , Behr Joachim , Buspavanich Pichit
Published: August 2022

Background: Depression is the most common mental health burden worldwide. Primary care physicians (PCPs) play a key role in the care provision for people with depression. The main objective of the present study was to examine the health care situation of depression in primary care, focusing on the cooperation between PCPs and mental health specialists, as well as the role of the German S3 Guideline for Unipolar Depression in the primary care provision. Methods: Cross-sectional data of N = 85 PCPs obtained from an online survey was analysed. Analysis of descriptive information on the current status of primary health care and depression was conducted. Further, to examine factors that are related to the usage of guidelines, multiple regression was performed. Results: Only 22.1% of PCPs described the quality of cooperation with ambulatory mental health specialist as good. The most frequent problems in the cooperation were of structural nature (49.3%, long waiting list, few therapy units, as well as barriers in the communication and the information exchange). With regard to the role of the guideline, 65% of PCPs reported never or seldom using the guideline and 31.7% of PCPs perceived the guideline as not useful at all. In addition, perceived usefulness of the S3 guideline were positively associated with the usage of the guideline. Results of the logistic regression revealed a significant association between the usage of the German S3 Guideline for Unipolar Depression and rating of perceived usefulness of the guideline (OR: 4.771; 95% CI: 2.15-10.59; p < 0.001).Conclusion: This study highlights the central role of PCPs and demonstrates major barriers in the outpatient health care provision of depression. Present findings suggest a strong need for collaborative health care models to resolve obstacles resulting from fragmented mental health care systems. Finally, reported perceived barriers in the implementation of the German S3 Guideline for Unipolar Depression indicate the urge to involve PCPs in the development of evidence-based guidelines, in order to ensure a successful implementation and usage of guidelines in clinical practice.
A Fast and Accurate DE-Formula Algorithm to Evaluate Ambartsumian-Chandrarasekhar H-Function for Isotropic Scattering
Authors: Kawabata Kiyoshi
Published: August 2022

In the present work, a compact, fast, and yet accurate algorithm is developed to calculate the numerical values of the Ambartsumian-Chandrasekhar’s H-function for isotropic scattering and its moments on the basis of the double exponential (DE) formula of Takahashi and Mori (1974, RIMS, Kyoto Univ., Vo. 9, 721). The main improvementmade in the new method is an elimination of the iterative procedure for automatic adjustment of the step-size of integrations carried out with the DE-formula. Instead, a set of optimal values for the upper limit of integration Tmax and the number of division points NT to specify the step-size of the quadrature is predetermined for calculations of the Hfunction with a 15-digit accuracy, and also another for the evaluations of the moments with an accuracy of 14-digits or better. FORTRAN90 subroutines HFISCA for the H-function and HFMOMENT for the moments of arbitrary degrees are subsequently constructed (their source codes and a driver together with a sample set of output are shown in Appendix A of this paper). Tables of sample calculations of the H-function and its moments of degree -1 through 6 carried out by these programs are also presented. The routines HFISCA and HFMOMENT should prove usefulnot only in astrophysical applications but also in other disciplines of science such as the electron transports in condensed matter and remotesensing data analyses. A request for a copy of the Fortran 90 source code of the program can be made by writing to kawabata@rs.kagu.tus.ac.jp.
Major dominant invasive alien plant species, land uses types and their management practice in Shashemene district, Ethiopia
Authors: Zemede Juhar , Mekuria Tegenu
Published: August 2022

Background
Even though Ethiopia has great geographic diversity, macro and micro-climatic variability, invasive alien species are deliberately or unintentionally introduced outside their natural habitat and establish themselves, invade, out-compete natives and take over the new environment and threatening to biodiversity, ecosystem services, social, ecological and economical impacts of the country.
Materials and methods
Primary data were generated and collected comprehensive assessment technique from preliminary survey, interview and observations were used for the primary data collection which conducted from June 6, 2021 to April 10, 2022 in three rounds to collect basic information and observation of invasive species. Fifteen representative sites were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics and Microsoft-Excel spread sheet were used for data presentation and analysis.
Results
Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camara, Argemone ochroleuca, was the most dominant invasive species. Invasive species differently distributed over land use types, non-cultivated land roadside and grazing land were the most dominantly affected land use type in the woreda.
Conclusion
Invasive alien plant species invaded in the district, they are highly intensive on non-cultivated, crazing land and road side type on land use types and affecting natural resource, human and livestock health problem.
A parametric investigation of the influence of knots on the flexural behaviour of wood beams
Authors: Saad Khaled , Lengyel András
Published: August 2022

The presence of knots significantly influences the mechanical behaviour of timber. This research presents a parametric finite element analysis of the effect of knot characteristics on the flexural capacity of wood beams. Parameters include knot radius, longitudinal and vertical positions, length, and diving angle. The generation of the FE model is based on a technique developed in a previous research stage, and bending tests on a set of beams were employed for the validation. The numerical model accurately recreates the three-dimensional geometry of the knot and related fibre deviations. The capacity of the beams under bending is evaluated via the Tsai--Wu failure criterion. Findings reveal that the presence of knots in the tension zone leads to an early tensile failure and insufficient utilization of compression capacity. The decrease of bending capacity may rise to 39\%, and the knot inclination may positively or negatively influence the behaviour depending on the diving angle.
Association Between Diet Quality & Gestational Weight Gain Rate Among Pregnant Women in Dhulikhel, Nepal
Authors: Martin Kelly , Radler Diane Rigassio , Sackey Joachim , Zhang Cuilin , Shrestha Kusum , Shrestha Abha , Shrestha Archana , Barrett Emily S. , Rawal Shristi
Published: August 2022

Background
Despite promising data from high-income countries, the impact of diet quality on gestational weight gain (GWG) has not been investigated in the context of many low-income countries including Nepal.
Methods
We prospectively examined the association between diet quality and GWG rate among a cohort of singleton pregnant women (n = 101; age 25.9 ± 4.1 years) from a community-based periurban hospital in Dhulikhel, Nepal. Diet quality was assessed from the adapted Nepali version of the 21-item PrimeScreen questionnaire in the 1st trimester. The diet quality score is based on consumption frequency of 21 food group components (score ranging 0–42), categorized as healthy (12 groups) versus unhealthy (9 groups), with higher scores indicative of better overall diet quality. The GWG rate was calculated as the measured weight at early-to-mid 3rd trimester (28–35 wks) minus the weight at 2nd trimester (13–25 wks), divided by the number of weeks in between. Linear regression estimated the association between diet quality and GWG rate, adjusting for a priori covariates (i.e. age, education, ethnicity, pre-pregnancy BMI, and nausea/vomiting.)
Results
The mean GWG rate in mid-to-late pregnancy was 0.46 ± 0.2 kg/wk and the mean diet quality score was 23.6 ± 2.5. Based on pre-pregnancy BMI, 49.4% of women had excessive GWG rate, while nearly equal numbers had either adequate GWG or inadequate GWG rate. There was no significant association between diet quality and GWG rate [adjusted β (95% CI) = -0.02 (-0.05, 0.01); p = 0.14]. The mean GWG rate was marginally higher (0.57 vs. 0.44 kg/wk; p = 0.06) among those with high versus low (2 + servings vs. 0–1 serving/wk) intake of red meat; similar findings were seen when comparing red meat intake between women with excessive versus adequate GWG (Cramer's V = 0.2; p = 0.06).
Conclusions
While overall diet quality is not related to GWG among Nepali women, a high intake of red meat may be a potential risk factor for excessive GWG in this population.
Influence of a biliary stent in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with modified FOLFIRINOX
Authors: Yoshikawa-Kimura Akie , Taira Koichi , Maruyama Hirotsugu , Ishikawa-Kakiya Yuki , Yamamura Masafumi , Tanoue Kojiro , Hagihara Atsushi , Uchida-Kobayashi Sawako , Enomoto Masaru , Kimura Kenjiro , Tanaka Shogo , Amano Ryosuke , Takemura Shigekazu , Ohfuji Satoko , Tanaka Fumio , Nagami Yasuaki , Fujiwara Yasuhiro
Published: August 2022

Purpose
We aimed to elucidate the effects of biliary stents on the survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX).
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with mFFX between January 2014 and April 2020. In the analysis, we compared the overall survival (OS) of patients with and those without biliary stent during the mFFX treatment, and examined the independent effect on mortality by means of propensity score-matching.
Results
Overall, we included 89 patients (stent group, n = 24; non-stent group, n = 65). The proportion of patients with pancreatic head cancer was significantly higher in the stent group than in the non-stent group (p < 0.01). Stratification analysis in patients with pancreatic head cancer revealed that OS was significantly shorter in the stent group than in the non-stent group (p = 0.03). After propensity score-matching, 19 pairs of patients in each group were analyzed. The stent group revealed a significantly shorter survival than the non-stent group (median OS, 10.3 vs. 24.9 months, respectively; p < 0.01). The incidences of febrile neutropenia (p = 0.01) and biliary tract-related events (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in the stent group than in the non-stent group. Stent insertion was an independent risk factor for overall mortality.
Conclusions
Biliary stents may reduce survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Although they are essential for treating malignant biliary obstruction and for safe chemotherapy, we need to assess the patient’s condition with discretion and develop a treatment strategy with the short prognosis in mind after stent insertion.
The Influence of Kyphoplasty on the Progression of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Tiemure , Han Xiao , Tian Wei , Wang Lifang , Wang Chao
Published: August 2022

Background: The effect of kyphoplasty or rather Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) on adjacent intervertebral discs is still controversial. The evidence from experimental study to clinical study presents bipolar conclusions. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) on adjacent intervertebral discs degeneration (IDD).Methods: The adjacent intervertebral discs of vertebral treated by PKP procedure are classified as experimental group, and the adjacent intervertebral discs of non-traumatized vertebral are included in the control group. The intervertebral disc height are compared by using the Mann-Whitney U test. Modified Pfirrmann Scores (MPS) differences were compared by using simple regression analysis after eliminating the influence of time. The relationship between the quantity of intradiscal cement leakage and the progression rate of disc degeneration was assessed by using MPS differences and Z Klezl and S Patel (ZK and SP) classification with simple regression analysis. Results. 264 intervertebral discs of 66 people were finally selected for the study. The comparison of intervertebral disc height differences results with a p-value of > 0.05. Comparing with MPS differences between 2 groups, in terms of upper disc scores difference, the degree of degeneration (MPS differences) increases by 0.394 compared with the control group, regardless of lower disc scores difference, MPS differences increases by 0.333 compared with the control group. Comparing the ZK and SP grade and the MPS differences of upper / lower intervertebral disc, each increase of the grade will increase the MPS differences by 0.123 / 0.155 compared with the previous level. Conclusion: PKP procedure can accelerate adjacent IDD but would not cause disc height changes in the early stage. The quantity of cement leaking into the disc space is positively correlated with the rate of progression of disc degeneration.
Tactical application of zonal defenses in football between teams Jelen Super League of Serbia and Premier League of England for the season 2015 / 2016
Authors: Živanović Vladimir
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The aim of study was to determine the scope of difference in successfully and unsuccessfully formed zonal defenses in modern football (high, medium-central, mids-laterals, deep-central and deeps-laterals zones) with the their entire specifics. Methods: The analyzed is a six matches, i.e., three matches of “Jelen Super League” and three matches of “Premier League” for the season 2015 / 2016. The data were collected by observing the video tapes, with personal presentation of selected variables. The descriptive statistics is determined by the frequency distribution in the form of nominal statistical scale (mean, SD, cV, and standard variance), while in comparisons were used parametric and nonparametric discriminant procedures. Results: The results shows greatest differences in favor of the teams „PL“ of England in variables unsuccessfully established medium-laterals zones (32.6), unsuccessful high zones (25.0) and unsuccessful medium-centrals zones (23.0). The minimal statistical differences were found in the variables successful medium-centrals zones with a duel game and lower-laterals zones with a sliding in favor of the teams „JSL“ of the Serbia, values (0.6 and 1.0) as well as lower-centrals zones with a ball interruption in favor of the teams „PL“ of England (1.0). Conclusions: The analyzed teams had a major problem in the areas of high and mediums-centrals-laterals zones to cease the opponent’s attack and when in fact they could not do that, they defend with the available methods in central and lower central`s zone, with the models of duels, interruptions and slidings as the lowest use parameter in the tactics of defense.
Centering Resiliency and Capturing Covitality: Patterns of Well-Being among Former Youth in Foster Care
Authors: PAZ JENNICA L , Arch Dina Naji , Kazee Traviana
Published: August 2022

While innumerable factors may impede a former foster student’s educational or vocational success, less empirical attention has focused on systemically exploring psychosocial attributes among this resilient population. Utilizing a Strengths-Based Assessment (SBA) framework, this study expands upon recommendations for holistic and resiliency-informed assessments among former students in foster care. This pilot study informs a longitudinal investigation to systematically identify patterns of well-being among a highly resilient group of students pursuing post-secondary degrees. An exemplar multifaceted, strength-based framework with robust psychometric properties and international applications, known as Covitality, offers a promising framework for measuring well-being from the college student’s perspective. Partnering with a community organization aims of this study include: (a) uncover patterns of well-being among a culturally rich and resilient population using a holistic measure of well-being (i.e., SEHS-HE), (b) identify positive psychological interventions uniquely tied to Covitality data, and (c) highlight qualitative feedback to amplify student voice and well-being promotion. 156 former foster youth responded to the SEHS-Higher Education (SEHS-HE) survey across two periods (Spring 2019, n = 80, and Spring 2021, n = 76). Data analytic methods included (1) descriptive statistics and parametric testing at wave one and (2) longitudinal analyses. Results from wave one participants indicate statistically significant differences (p < .05) in total Covitality by ultimate career goal, and Covitality significantly predicted life satisfaction among former foster youth. Implications for practice, positive psychological interventions, limitations, and future directions are offered to propel efforts towards centering resiliency, well-being, and educational success.
Knowledge, perceptions and uptake of human papilloma virus vaccine among adolescent girls in Kampala Capital City Authority, Uganda; A cross-sectional school-based survey
Authors: Bitariho Kakuru Glet , Tuhebwe Doreen , Tigaiza Arnold , Nalugya Aisha , Ssekamatte Tonny , Kiwanuka Suzanne N
Published: August 2022

Background
Cervical cancer remains a major public health challenge, accounting for substantial morbidity and mortality. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination is the recommended primary intervention for HPV prevention. There’s however limited evidence on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practices of stakeholders on HPV vaccination in Kampala city, Uganda. This study assessed stakeholders’ knowledge, perceptions, and practices towards HPV vaccination program in Kampala, Uganda to guide programs aimed at improving uptake of the vaccine.
Methods
A cross-sectional study using mixed data collection methods was conducted in Kampala, Uganda. A structured questionnaire was administered to 524 adolescent girls. In addition, 6 Focus group discussions, and 13 key informant interviews (teacher and parents) were conducted. Multistage and purposive sampling were used for the quantitative and qualitative participants respectively. Quantitative data were entered using epidata, and cleaned and analyzed in Stata v14. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis in atlas ti version 8.
Results
About 49.2% (258/524) of the girls had low knowledge of HPV. Qualitatively, knowledge was lacking among teachers and parents especially concerning the target age group, dosage, and vaccine interval. Girls residing in rural areas (aPR = 0.35, C. I = 0.14–0.85, P -value = 0.028) had lower knowledge levels compared to those in urban areas. About 51.9% (272/524) of girls had negative perceptions towards HPV vaccination. Parents expressed negative perceptions, beliefs, superstitions, and safety concerns of the vaccine. Only 8.6% (45/524) of the girls had completed the HPV vaccine schedule. Girls whose mothers were healthcare providers (aPR = 1.94, C. I = 1.10–3.41, P -value = 0.021), girls with high knowledge levels (aPR = 1.79, C. I = 1.21–2.63, P -value = 0.003) and positive perceptions (aPR = 2.87, C. I = 1.93–4.27, P -value = 0.000) had higher odds of vaccination.
Conclusion
All stakeholders generally had low levels of knowledge, negative perceptions, and poor uptake and practices toward HPV vaccination. We recommend sensitization campaigns in schools and communities to improve awareness, perceptions, and practices of stakeholders towards HPV vaccination.
Has SARS-CoV-2 evolved and adapted to circulate at high temperatures?
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Mattiuzzi Camilla , Henry Brandon M.
Published: August 2022

Background: Since SARS-CoV-2 has undergone a considerable genetic evolution over time, we investigated its infectivity in the province of Verona (Italy), during the month of July of the first three pandemic years (i.e., 2020, 2021 and 2022).Methods: The daily number of new COVID-19 diagnoses in the province of Verona between July 1-27 of the years 2020, 2021 and 2022 was retrieved from the database of the Regional Healthcare Service, whilst the mean daily air temperature during the same period in the same area was downloaded from an official Italian meteorological website. Results: The mean July air temperature in Verona was 24±2°C in 2020, 25±2°C in 2021 and 28±2°C in 2022. The daily number of new COVID-19 diagnoses in the province of Verona increased from 2.5±5.7 in July 2020, to 106.0±71.8 in July 2021, up to 1287.4±509.9 in July 2022. The number of new COVID-19 diagnoses made in the province of Verona in July 2022 has increased by 519- and 12-fold in 2022 compared to the same month of the previous two years, despite the fact that the mean air temperature also notably increased by 18% and 15% compared to the years 2020 and 2021, respectively.Conclusion: The results of this analysis suggest that the strong evolutive pressure placed on SARS-CoV-2 over time may have fostered the accumulation of mutations that have contributed to evolve and adapt the virus to circulate even at high temperatures, thus calling for reinforcing preventive measures and healthcare preparedness even during the warmest periods of the year.
NLRP3 in tumor-associated macrophages predicts a poor prognosis and promotes tumor growth in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Lei , Wan Shu-Cheng , Mao Liang , Huang Cong-Fa , Bu Lin-Lin , Sun Zhi-Jun
Published: August 2022

The NLRP3 inflammasome plays cell- and tissue-specific roles in cancer, meaning that its activation in different tumors or cells may play different roles in tumor progression. We have previously described the tumor-promoting function of tumor-intrinsic NLRP3/IL-1β signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but its role in immune cells remains unclear. In this study, we found that NLRP3 was highly expressed in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in both mouse and human HNSCC, and the expression of NLRP3 was positively correlated with the density of TAMs according to immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry analyses. Importantly, the number of NLRP3high TAMs was related to worse overall survival (OS) in HNSCC patients. Knocking out NLRP3 inhibited M2 macrophage differentiation in vitro. Moreover, the carcinogenic effect induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) was decreased in Nlrp3-deficient mice, which had smaller tumor sizes. Genetic depletion of NLRP3 reduced the expression of protumoral cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and CCL2, and suppressed the accumulation of TAMs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in mouse HNSCC. Thus, activation of NLRP3 in TAMs may contribute to tumor progression and have prognostic significance in HNSCC.
The diagnosis and management of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis in a previously healthy paediatric patient: case report
Authors: Musleh Mohammud , Ahmed Kiran , Richardson David , Khan Taufiq , Khan Aldrin
Published: August 2022

Background Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare complication of local or systemic infection. Despite aggressive antibiotic treatment, it can be associated with significant rates of mortality and morbidity. Case Presentation We report a left sided traumatic septic CST and internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion complicated by third, fourth and sixth nerve palsies in a healthy boy. This was treated conservatively with intravenous antibiotics and anticoagulants with near complete resolution of ocular movement deficit Conclusion Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis is a rare complication of the spread of untreated infection, predominantly of facial or paranasal origin. A high clinical suspicion in at-risk patients of early symptoms and signs, such as persistent fever and meningism, should prompt diagnostic neuroimaging and early intervention prior to the onset of advanced features such as cranial nerve palsies. In our experience, a timely multi-disciplinary approach with intensive parenteral antibiotics and anti-coagulants is associated with good clinical outcomes.
Melatonin-induced Rhizome Proliferation, Differentiation, and Rooting during Rapid Propagation of Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi
Authors: Huang Weiting , Huang Xiaoyan , Fang Zhongming
Published: August 2022

Melatonin plays an important role in plant resistance to stress. The role of melatonin in the propagation of plant tissue, such as rhizome proliferation, differentiation, and seedling rooting in Cymbidium species, remains unknown. In this study, we selected C. goeringii and C. faberi as experimental materials and attempted to understand the effect of melatonin on this process. We found that 1.0 μM melatonin was beneficial for rhizome proliferation of C. goeringii, with a proliferation rate of 5.52. In terms of C. faberi, the highest proliferation rate of 8.29 was observed in the medium with 0.5 μM melatonin. In proliferation, the cut rhizome of C. goeringii is more likely to cause browning phenomenon than that of C. faberi. The addition of melatonin can significantly inhibit the browning phenomenon and improve the survival rate of C. goeringii rhizome. The highest number of shoot buds per explant (3.11 after 60 days) was observed in the medium with 1.0 μM melatonin. The number of shoot buds per explant (3.28 after 60 days) was significantly higher for C. faberi in the medium with 5.0 μM melatonin than that for the control. Furthermore, culture medium incorporated with 1.0 μM of melatonin had the best comprehensive effect of seedling height and root number and length of C. goeringii. By contrast, 0.5 μM melatonin significantly promoted root elongation of C. faberi, reaching 1.77 cm, whereas it was 0.28 cm in the control. We demonstrated that melatonin in specific concentrations effectively promote rhizome proliferation, differentiation, and seedlings rooting in the rapid propagation of C. goeringii and C. faberi.
Regionalization of flow duration curves in Colombia
Authors: Gaviria Carlos , Carvajal-Serna Fernando
Published: August 2022

It is essential to know the streamflow behavior in hydrological basins for appropriate water resource planning and management. In Colombia, where there is a considerable water resource potential, there is a need to generate hydrological modeling for many ungauged catchments. Thus, this study presents the regionalization of flow duration curves (FDC) in Colombia. Daily flow time series from 655 gauging stations were used to define homogenous hydrological regions, considering geological, topographic, and climatic information. Fifteen hydrological regions were delimited by cluster analysis using the K-means algorithm, all of which exhibited high spatial heterogeneity. Multiple linear regressions were used to estimate characteristic dimensionless flows as a function of each basin's attributes. A set of equations that allow the reconstruction of simulated dimensionless FDC for each cluster was determined, and regression (R2) values of 0.5–0.9 were obtained. The percentage error of the mean, maximum, and minimum discharge of the simulated FDC compared with observed values were approximately 9, 30, and 50%, respectively.
The transformation mechanism of ofloxacin (OFL) by chlorine dioxide disinfection in water distribution system: kinetics, byproducts and toxicity
Authors: Chen Peng , Hu Shaowei , Ma Guangyu , Wang Fei , Liu Fang , Wang Yong , He Guilin
Published: August 2022

There is a research gap on the transformation of ofloxacin (OFL) in water supply systems under the action of ClO2. The degradation kinetics of OFL under different ClO2 concentrations, pH and pipe materials, and formation of intermediates, as well as the toxicity of water in water supply systems were first studied. The results showed that the degradation of OFL in PE pipe and deionized water increased with the increase of ClO2 concentration, and the reaction of OFL followed the second-order kinetic model. The removal rate of OFL in deionized water was faster than that in PE pipe. The degradation rate of OFL in PE tube and deionized water were positively correlated with pH. In addition, degradation efficiency of OFL in different pipes followed: cast iron pipe > stainless steel pipe > PE pipe. The detection of OFL intermediates showed that the cleavage of piperazine groups were the main and initial products in the degradation process of OFL. In addition, the decarboxylation intermediates of quinolone groups were also detected. The aquatic toxicity test showed that the degradation of OFL by ClO2 would increase the toxicity of water, therefore, the decrease of OFL may not mean the decrease of water toxicity.
Nickel removal from aqueous solutions using flow-electrode capacitive deionization (Optimization by Response Surface Methodology (RSM))
Authors: Pelarti Mahdieh Mohammadi , Mirbagheri Seyed Ahmad , Dehghan Khadijeh , Alam Mahdi
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, wastewater and water treatment with an efficient system for the removal of heavy metals is a serious challenge. Nickel is one of the main heavy metal pollutants that exist in the wastewater of various industries. Several technologies have been developed for removal of nickel, including the new electrochemical processes. In this experimental study, nickel removal by flow-electrode capacitative deionization (FCDI) in batch-mode is investigated. FCDI experiments with water-fed nickel concentrations of 10, 25, and 40 mg/l, input water pH of 5, 6, and 7, and sodium chloride content of 0, 0.1, and 0.2 M in the flow electrode was investigated to achieve the highest nickel removal rate. Finally, the data were analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM). Accordingly, the best nickel removal performance of the system was achieved at pH of about 6.2, electrolyte NaCl concentration of 0.13 M, and input nickel concentration of 10 mg/l.
Irisin Relaxes Rat Trachea via KV Channels, KATP Channels, and BKCa
Channels
Authors: Demirel Sadettin , Ozyener Fadil
Published: August 2022

Background/Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of irisin on rat
tracheal smooth muscle contraction-relaxation responses and the roles of voltage-gated potassium
(KV) channels, ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, and large-conductance calcium-activated
potassium (BKCa) channels in these effects.

Methods:

Isometric contraction and relaxation responses of tracheal segments were measured using
the tissue bath method. Submaximal contractions were induced by ACh (10-5 M) or KCl (60 mM),
and then concentration-response curves of irisin (10-9 to 10-6 M) were obtained. For the temporal
control, a double-distilled water group was formed. ACh and irisin were added to the baths after
tracheal segments were incubated with 4-AP (KV channel blocker), glibenclamide (KATP channel
blocker), TEA, and iberiotoxin (BKCa channel blockers) to assess the role of K+ channels. In
addition, a vehicle group was performed for the solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Results:

Irisin exhibited the relaxant effects in tracheal segments precontracted with both ACh and
KCl at concentrations of 10-8-10-6 M (p<0.05). Besides, incubations of 4-AP, glibenclamide, TEA,
and iberiotoxin significantly inhibited the irisin-mediated relaxation (p<0.05), whereas DMSO
incubation did not modulate irisin responses (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the first physiological results on the relaxant effects of irisin in rat
trachea were obtained. Our findings demonstrated that irisin mediates concentration-dependent
relaxation in rat tracheas. Moreover, the present study reported for the first time that irisin-induced
bronchorelaxation is associated with the activity of the K+ channels.
Repurposing Metformin for Vascular Disease
Authors: Triggle Chris R. , Marei Isra , Ye Kevin , Ding Hong , Anderson Todd J. , Hollenberg Morley D. , Hill Michael A.
Published: August 2022

Metformin has been used as an oral anti-hyperglycaemic drug since the late
1950s; however, following the release in 1998 of the findings of the 20-year United Kingdom
Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), metformin use rapidly increased and today is
the first-choice anti-hyperglycaemic drug for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Metformin
is in daily use by an estimated 150 million people worldwide. Historically, the benefits
of metformin as an anti-diabetic and cardiovascular-protective drug have been linked
to effects in the liver, where it acts to inhibit gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, as well as
reduce insulin resistance and enhance peripheral glucose utilization. However, direct protective
effects on the endothelium and effects in the gut prior to metformin absorption are
now recognized as important. In the gut, metformin modulates the glucagon-like peptide-
1 (GLP-1) - gut-brain axis and impacts the intestinal microbiota. As the apparent
number of putative tissue and cellular targets for metformin has increased, so has the interest
in re-purposing metformin to treat other diseases that include polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS), cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and COVID-19. Metformin is also
being investigated as an anti-ageing drug. Of particular interest is whether metformin provides
the same level of vascular protection in individuals other than those with T2D, including
obese individuals with metabolic syndrome, or in the setting of vascular thromboinflammation
caused by SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we critically evaluate the literature
to highlight clinical settings in which metformin might be therapeutically repurposed
for the prevention and treatment of vascular disease.