bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects and obstacles to the restructuring of Ukraine’s external state obligations in the conditions of war
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Bublyk Yevhen , Brus Svitlana ,   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Shpanel-Yukhta Oleksii ,   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the structure of Ukraine’s external debt liabilities for the period from 2011 to 2021 and in the period since the beginning of the full-scale invasion. It is determined that the amount of state external liabilities, taking into account projected data, may exceed 70% of this country’s GDP, which will become the dominant form of both attracting financial resources to the state budget and threatening the state security. The authors provide an assessment of the difficulties of restructuring the external debt in terms of the specific weight of the creditor and the weight of short-term payments for the period 2022-2023. It is concluded that at the beginning of 2022, the largest specific weight in the structure of external liabilities was the debt for issued securities for foreign markets and liabilities to international financial organizations and the EU. The main payments for them fall on the third quarters of 2022 and 2023 (3.0 and 3.6 billion USD, respectively), and the payment of interest accounts for 30% of total. The article considers possible mechanisms of write-off and restructuring of the state's external debts, taking into account international experience and with regard to the crises and military conflicts. The following mechanisms for write-off and restructuring of foreign debt are analyzed: Brady Plan for debt restructuring of developing countries; and debt relief programs for the poorest countries - HIPC (heavily indebted poor countries) and MDRI (The Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative). The authors identify the guidelines of work on minimizing Ukraine's external liabilities in 2022-2023. A conclusion is made regarding the initiation of negotiations on the restructuring and write-off of the external debt burden to ease the payments on external debts, including GDP warrants. Such a task should be carried out as soon as possible before the period of the largest payments and taking into account the existing support of the governments of leading foreign countries.
Ways of preserving investment activity of insurance companies during martime
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Brydun Ihor
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the key indicators of domestic insurance companies and assesses the state of the insurance market in Ukraine in the pre-war period. An analysis of innovations in the insurance market regulation system of Ukraine was carried out, namely the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts to Improve Functions on State Regulation of Financial Services Markets" and the Law of Ukraine "On Insurance". The dynamics of insurance companies' activity in the insurance market of Ukraine in the pre-war period and during the war is studied. The analysis of directions of placement of assets and reserves of insurance companies is carried out. The interaction of the insurance market with the regulator of the non-banking services market by the National Bank of Ukraine during the imposition of martial law in the country is analyzed. The risk standards for the placement of insurance assets and reserves by insurance companies in Ukraine in the pre-war period have been studied and recommendations for regulatory changes during martial law have been developed. The mechanism of state regulation of investment activity of insurance companies by the Solvency II directive is analyzed, the problems of the Ukrainian approach are outlined and the methods of regulation of investment activity during martial law are offered. Measures to stabilize the national insurance market and preserve the investment activity of Ukrainian insurance companies are proposed. It is concluded that the use of SCR (Solvency Capital Requirement) for investment activities of insurers in Ukraine, in particular, when calculating investment risks on several models, the main of which is the so-called “Standard formula” given the correlation between investments types.
Cross-section calculations of photofission reactions for 238,239,240,241,242,244Pu isotopes using nuclear level density
Authors:   Department of Alternative Energy Resources Technology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey, Canbula D. , Canbula B. ,   Department of Computer Engineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
Published: July 2022

Photofission cross-sections of 238,239,240,241,242,244Pu isotopes are theoretically investigated with the collective semi-classical Fermi gas model (CSCFGM) by using Talys computer code in the energy range 1 - 30 MeV. Nuclear level density has significant importance to define the structural properties of nuclei. CSCFGM is a nuclear level density model, that includes collective (rotational and vibrational) effects as well as the pairing and shell effects, and is used to analyse the (γ, f) reactions of plutonium isotopes. The experimental data for all reactions are taken from EXFOR library. The theoretical predictions are in agreement with the experimental data, Talys code without changing the input, and the evaluated nuclear cross-section data from TENDL 2021 library.
Inclusive reactions of stripping and fragmentation involving light cluster nuclei at intermediate energies
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalchuk V.I.
Published: July 2022

In the framework of eiconal approximation and the double folding model, a formalism for calculating inclusive spectra of particles from stripping and fragmentation reactions involving light cluster nuclei is proposed. The cross-section of the 12C(3He, d)13N reaction at an incident particle energy of 81.4 MeV and the proton spectra from the deuteron fragmentation reaction with 56 MeV energies by 12C and 27Al nuclei are described. The calculated values satisfactorily fit the corresponding experimental data.
Assessment of the possibility of a return to the original use of pastures and hayfields abandoned after the Chornobyl accident
Authors:   Ukrainian Institute of Agricultural Radiology, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Khomutinin Yu.V. , Kosarchuk O.V. , Polishchuk S.V. , Lazarev M.M. , Levchuk S.E. , Pavliuchenko V.V.
Published: July 2022

A radiological assessment of hayfields and pastures (Narodychy district, Zhytomyr region), which were taken out of economic use due to contamination after the Chornobyl accident, was performed. The possibility and ways of returning the lands to original use were considered. Maps of 137Cs and 90Sr soil contamination densities for the field were made and the corresponding statistical characteristics of the contamination were estimated. Estimates of 137Cs and 90Sr activity concentration in natural grasses, cow milk, and meat as well as the risks of exceeding by the values the permissible levels have been calculated. The possibility of using the land for the production of milk and meat has been shown in the example of the considered radioactively contaminated pastures.
Analysis and Optimization of the Operating Range of a Monopole Antenna Involving ‘Meander’ Type Slot In- homogeneities
Authors:   Institute of Radio Astronomy of the NASU, Lytvynenko L. , Pogarsky S. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Mayboroda D. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: July 2022

Subject and Purpose. The paper presents results of numerical modeling and experimental studies of a disk-shaped microstrip antenna involving ‘meander’ type slotted inhomogeneities. The work has been aimed at optimizing the operating range of the antenna and matching it to external circuits through the use of additional structural elements and appropriate feeding techniques. Methods and Methodology. The design features a circular disk-shaped microstrip resonator containing within its plane groups of slotted inhomogeneities which form a segmented meander line, with the segments oriented relative one another at an angle of 120°. The antenna could be fed through a segment of a screened coplanar line. The location of the screening plane of the coplanar line, as well as its dimensions, were variable. Numerical simulation was carried out within the ‘semi-open resonator’ technique using the finite element method. The degree of optimization of the operating range was estimated, based on analyzing spectral characteristics of the antenna, for a variety of its geometric parameters, and the magnitude of the return loss over a given frequency range. Measurements of the VSWR were carried out with reflectometers. Results. Frequency and power characteristics of a monopole, disk-shaped microstrip antenna have been analyzed and optimized over a wide frequency range. Mechanical dimensions of the additional shielding plane and location thereof have been identified as factors having significant influence upon the frequency-dependent, polarizational and power characteristics of the antenna. Conclusions. The operating frequency range, spectral and power characteristics of a monopole, disk-shaped microstrip antenna have been studied both theoretically and experimentally. Numerical simulations were carried out with the use of the fi nite element method. Experimental studies of the frequency characteristics were performed using reflectometry techniques. The antenna considered can find practical application over a wide frequency range, either as a single radiating element in a device or system, or a constituent part of an antenna array.
SIGNAL FORMATION AND PROCESSING FEATURES FROM AUTODYNE RADAR WITH A WIDE FREQUENCY MODULATION BAND Рart ІІ. Increasing the Resolution of Autodyne Radar by Quasi-Static Correction of the Probe Pulse
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Ermak G. , Vasilev O. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Varavin A. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Balaban M. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Fateev O. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Zheltov V. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU
Published: July 2022

Subject and Purpose. Proceeding from a mathematical model of the electronically tunable autodyne oscillator (Part І of this paper), essential features of the signal formation / signal processing procedure are considered, as implementable in an autodyne radar that may reveal nonlinearity in its modulation characteristic. The work is aimed at suggesting a digital technique to enable introduction of corrections to the frequency modulation law of the sounding signal and effectuate processing of the data from the close-range autodyne radar (improving its spatial resolution and accuracy of target range measurements). Methods and Methodology. The present analysis of the radiated signal formation and processing of the data from the autodyne radar has been carried out as numerical modeling of spectral, frequency and amplitude characteristics of the radar signals expected, as well as spectral processing of the experimental data from the frequency modulated autodyne radar. Results. An effective law of temporal variations has been suggested for the corrective control voltage of the Gunn diode-based Ka-band autodyne transceiver with a linear law of frequency modulation. The correspondent experimental studies were conducted with an autodyne close-range radar system of Ka-band employing an asymmetric linear frequency modulation with a 500 MHz band of frequency tuning. The use of digital methods for correcting the frequency modulation law has permitted improving the accuracy of target ranging and range resolution up to 0.3 ÷ 0.6 m, which figures correspond to the theoretical limit for the close-range homodyne radar with a 500 MHz tuning band. Conclusion. By linearizing the modulation characteristic of the oscillator and applying digital processing to the autodyne signal in the close-range radar system with a linear frequency modulation law it proves possible to reach ultimately high estimates for the accuracy and resolution of target range measurements. The results obtained can be helpful for developing radar sensors and radiofrequency meters with enhanced parameters and characteristics.
Pediatric Hospital Medicine: A Case-Based Educational Guide
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2022

This educational guide provides a much-needed subspeciality-specific learning resource for pediatric hospital medicine. Featuring 50 of the most commonly presenting topics encountered by pediatric hospitalists, this book brings readers into the morning meeting and walks them through patient presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and resolution, providing realistic examples in an engaging case-based format. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/pediatric-hospital-medicine-a-case-based-educational-guide-paperback/
Pediatric Coding: Back to the Basics
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2022

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is proud to present a series of free coding webinars from distinguished experts on important and timely topics related to coding. This article addresses key points from the fourth webinar, “Pediatric Coding: Back to the Basics,” which was presented by Linda D. Parsi, MD, MBA, CPEDC, FAAP. Dr Parsi is the current chair of the AAP Committee on Coding and Nomenclature (COCN) Editorial Advisory Board and sits on the AAP COCN. She has been in private practice since 1997 and has owned her own practice since 2004. Dr Parsi not only provides basic information on coding but also uses her own experience to support the importance of correct coding.
Reporting Hospital Services When Consultation Codes Are Excluded From Payment (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2022

This article discusses reporting requirements for evaluation and management (E/M) services in hospital inpatient and observation settings when a payer’s policy does not allow payment for services reported with consultation codes. Key topics include

Use of the AI modifier by the admitting or attending physician Codes reported by a consulting physician when a payer doesn’t accept consultation codes
A MARKOVIAN TWO COMMODITY QUEUEING–INVENTORY SYSTEM WITH COMPLIMENT ITEM AND CLASSICAL RETRIAL FACILITY
Authors: Nithya M. , Sugapriya C. , Selvakumar S. , Jeganathan K. , Harikrishnan T.
Published: July 2022

This paper explores the two-commodity (TC) inventory system in which commodities are classified as major and complementary items. The system allows a customer who has purchased a free product to conduct Bernoulli trials at will. Under the Bernoulli schedule, any entering customer will quickly enter an orbit of infinite capability during the stock-out time of the major item. The arrival of a retrial customer in the system follows a classical retrial policy. These two products' re-ordering process occurs under the \((s, Q)\) and instantaneous ordering policies for the major and complimentary items, respectively. A comprehensive analysis of the retrial queue, including the system's stability and the steady-state distribution of the retrial queue with the stock levels of two commodities, is carried out. The various system operations are measured under the stability condition. Finally, numerical evidence has shown the benefits of the proposed model under different random situations.
Evaluating consciousness and awareness during focal seizures: responsiveness testing versus recall testing
Authors: Contreras Ramirez Violeta , Patedakis Litvinov Bogdan , Anuradha Gunawardane Nisali , Zhao Charlie W. , Yotter Courtney , Quraishi Imran H. , Blumenfeld Hal
Published: July 2022

Objective. The current International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) guidelines classify focal seizures based on awareness, defined as successful postictal recall of ictal experiences, and exclude the use of responsiveness during seizures for classification. One reason for this exclusion is that responsiveness was thought to not be commonly tested during seizures. Our goal was to determine whether, in at least some settings, responsiveness testing during seizures is relatively common.

Methods. We assessed how often responsiveness and recall were each evaluated in patients with focal epilepsy undergoing surface and intracranial EEG‐video monitoring. We performed this evaluation by retrospectively reviewing video recordings from 121 seizures from 48 patients during their stay in the epilepsy monitoring unit between September 2012 and November 2019.

Results. We found that responsiveness during seizures was tested more frequently than recall of ictal events after seizures. Of 121 seizures in 48 patients, responsiveness was tested in 101 seizures, whereas recall was tested in only 38.

Significance. Evaluating if consciousness is impaired during seizures is of critical importance for guiding recommendations for people with epilepsy, such as whether it is safe for them to drive or operate machinery. The ILAE classification guidelines are intended to be broadly useful, but our findings demonstrate that at least in one important clinical setting, responsiveness was used more commonly than recall to evaluate patients during focal seizures. Although our preliminary findings should be replicated in a larger sample and in other patient groups, they suggest that responsiveness testing during focal seizures might be relatively common in at least some clinical practice settings. With further study, this may lead to a re‐evaluation of criteria for classifying focal seizures to include both responsiveness and recall of experiences during seizures, as both may provide important information to guide clinical care.
Development of a centralized system for separating lubrication supply on press-forms of JSC “Rifar” casting complexes
Authors: Nefedov A. V. , Novikov E. G. , Chicheneva O. N. , Gorovaya T. Yu. , Fortunatov A. N.
Published: July 2022

The company "Rifar" is a domestic manufacturer of a new series of bimetallic and aluminum sector radiators of high quality. Production of bimetallic heating radiators is carried out using a hydraulic press. For the least adhesion of the alloy to the molds walls (especially when casting aluminum) the lubrication of the molds with a separating lubricant is used to reduce the wear of molds and refills on the blanks. Currently, the lubrication of the molds is used. Separating lubricant for the molds is taken from the individual intermediate tank standing near each foundry complex. In this case, the lubricant is filled once, and it is used throughout the shift. After that, the tank with the help of forklifts is sent to refueling. To increase the operational reliability and ease of maintenance of foundry complexes, it is proposed to replace the individual supply of separating lubricant to the molds of foundry complexes with a centralized supply system. As a result of development of a system for the centralized supply of separating lubricant to casting complexes molds, it was possible to simplify the lubricant supply scheme, to reduce fuel costs and maintenance complexity. Replacing the individual supply of the separating lubricant to the molds of the casting complexes with the centralized supply system improves the reliability of separating lubricant supply to such complexes molds. Calculations showed that implementation of design solutions does not require large capital expenditures, and as a result of the implementation of the proposed measures, the production cost will decrease by 0.02 %; the payback period of the proposed investment project does not exceed 1 month.
Activism and Patient Vulnerability: Resistance to Medical Authority and Regulation in Russia
Authors: Kuksa Tatiana L.
Published: July 2022

The paper analyzes the opposition and adaptation of Russian patients, independent perinatal specialists, and professional human rights activists to normative regulation of obstetric care, medical authorities, and the practices of the Russian maternity hospital. During my ethnographic research, I have collected personal stories about the clashes of women in labor and their assistants (primarily doulas) with the medical system, stories of collective and individual appeals to authorities, and protest flash mobs. The article presents the history of the transformation of the Russian system of obstetrics and the development of grassroots movements by midwives and doulas. It outlines the features of human rights and perinatal protest discourses and identifies the tactics of legal and vernacular resistance and non-resistance to medical authorities encountered during fieldwork.
CMT1B Patient with a Novel p.Arg98Leu MPZ Variant Mimicking Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy on Electrodiagnostic Testing
Authors: Jo Nathan , Kang Hee-Kyong , Lee Hak-In , Lee In-Young , Kim Sooyoung , Kim Seon-Young , Sohn Eunhee
Published: July 2022

Conduction block or temporal dispersion on motor nerve conduction studies (NCSs) are known as key features of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Some types of CharcotMarieTooth disease (CMT) have been also reported to show conduction block or temporal dispersion on NCS. We experienced a case who presented with slowly progressive motor weakness, sensory loss, foot deformity, and segmental demyelination on NCS. We confirmed her and her mother harboring CMT1B with a novel p.Arg98Leu MPZ variant.
Artvin’in merkez köylerindeki bazı bitkilerin etnobotanik özellikleri
Authors: ERŞEN BAK Funda , ÇİFCİ Kenan
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışma, Artvin’in merkez ilçesine bağlı 7 mahallesi ve tüm köylerinde 2016-2020 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bölgesinde yaşayan yerel halktan 138 kişi ile görüşülmüş, doğal bitkilerin yerel kullanım kültürünü belirlemek için yöredeki insanların bitkilerle ilgili bilgileri derlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yüz yüze uygulanan anket ile yörede kullanılan doğal bitkiler, bu bitkilerin yerel isimleri, bitkilerin kullanım amaçları ve alanları, kullanılan kısımları, kullanım şekli ve bilgi verenlerin demografik özellikleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma alanında, yaprakları ve/veya taze sürgün ve gövdeleri gıda ve baharat olarak tüketilen, hayvanları beslemek ve hayvan sağlığını korumak amacıyla ve diğer etnobotanik amaçlarla kullanılan çok sayıda doğal bitki tespit edilmiştir. Farklı bölgelerde yerel halklar tarafından tıbbi amaçlı çeşitli kullanımları kayıt altına alınmış olan bazı bitkilerin, araştırma alanında bilinen herhangi bir tıbbi gerekçeye dayandırmadan yalnızca gıda ve çay olarak tüketildikleri belirlenmiştir. Yörede asma yaprağı yemeği, kızılcık çorbası, kuru zeytin, papa ve korova yapımı dikkat çekici kullanımlar olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Quercus petraea subsp. iberica (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Krassiln. tohumlarının un karışımında, Rhus coriaria L.’nın ise boya maddesi olarak kullanımlarının unutulmaya yüz tuttuğu belirlenmiştir. Yine zeytin alanlarının baraj suları altında kalması ile zeytin, zeytinyağı ve dolaylı olarak sabun üretiminin de çok azaldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Assessment of Economic Impact of the Prospective India–GCC FTA: A Partial Equilibrium Simulation Analysis
Authors: Gupta Vasudha , Saxena Swami Prasad
Published: July 2022

This paper attempts to examine the possible impact of tariff liberalization due to the prospective India–GCC Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on revenue, welfare and potential trade flows between India and GCC by using an ex-ante equilibrium approach through the SMART model on disaggregated trade data. The ex-ante simulation results show that tariff liberalization will have a positive impact on both sides. The reduction in tariffs will lead to a significant increase in trade between India and GCC countries. The overall results suggest that for both sides, the fall in government revenue associated with tariff reduction would be greater than the net welfare gains, but these tariff revenue losses can be balanced by a significant expansion in exports. In a nutshell, both India and GCC have substantial trade potential and the proposed FTA will be mutually beneficial and welfare enhancing.
Adoption of Digital Technology in Global Third-Party Logistics Services Providers: A Review of Literature
Authors: Raja Ruthramathi , Venkatachalam Sivakumar
Published: July 2022

Tech-focused third-party logistics providers have developed solutions to streamline shipping and order fulfilment to meet sellers’ needs, often leveraging state-of-the-art information technology tools to do so. The logistics solutions that third party logistics services providers offer include receiving, storing, packing, and shipping services, including inventory management, kitting and assembly, postponement packaging, procurement and others. Digital technology has heavily revolutionized the logistics industry. The article highlights digital technology and third-party logistics service providers to understand how technology improves efficiency in the field of third-party logistics and supply chain industries. It includes GPS, Barcode, RFID, IoT, Cloud computing, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain. The framework suggests that performance will be higher when digital technology is used in logistics with the strengths inherent in the firm’s logistics. The methodology adopted in this paper involves the review of published literature and discussing the opportunities for further research.
Revisiting the Controlling Function in Multinational Corporations: A Critical Review of Literature
Authors: Kumar Pardeep
Published: July 2022

The complexities of managing multinational corporations (MNCs) have been increasing over a period of time. Developing a new controlling model for MNCs is critical and is required for their effective management. This paper analyses the ‘evolutionary theory of multinational corporation’ as well as the ‘business network theory’. Exploring the ‘Evolutional model of controlling’ based on multi-factor analysis, the paper examines the assumptions of the controlling concept, and wherever possible, redefines them. It extends the approach by incorporating additional functions and features including reverse knowledge transfer and measuring controlling effectiveness. Additional indirect parameters for the effective measurement of controlling are analysed. The drawbacks of controlling are mentioned and gaps are identified to develop a new model of controlling. The newer model is based on management approaches, decision making theory and an analogy of the human nervous system.
Impact of Capital Structure on Firm Profitability: A Study of Select Large-cap Auto Ancillary Companies in India
Authors: Mistri Pinky , Chakrabarti Manas
Published: July 2022

The paper studies the impact of capital structure decisions on the firm profitability of select large-cap auto ancillary companies. The Indian auto ancillary industry is one of the crucial industries in India and contributes 2.3% to the total GDP. This sector employed 50 lakh people directly and indirectly in the year 2018-19. The study has been made on large-cap auto ancillary companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The study period ranges from 2010–2011 to 2020–2021. Ratio analysis and panel data analysis has been applied to perform the empirical analysis. It was found that the capital structure has a negative and significant impact on the firm profitability. Fixed Asset Turnover ratio was found to be a significant determinant of firm profitability of large-cap auto ancillary companies in India.
Adoption of New IFRS in Bangladesh: Disclosure Level and Benefits
Authors: Akhter Aziza
Published: July 2022

This study dissects the application and disclosure status of the International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 157 companies in 16 different sectors which are listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). The major focus of the report is to analyse the implementation status of the Accounting Standards after recent amendments in the IAS and the introduction of the new IFRS. Annual reports of 157 companies are examined to check the disclosure status of the Accounting Standards. Though some IAS/IFRS are not applicable for all sectors, through descriptive statistics, the study will help us know how different companies utilize Accounting Standards in practice and maintain consistency. 30 accountants have been interviewed to know the most influential factors and the challenges regarding the adoption and disclosure. Paper and Telecommunication industries are the most consistent in maintaining Accounting Standards. The findings of the current study are different from earlier studies in that a comparison from 2015 to 2019 has been drawn to depict the changing adoption pattern of IAS/IFRS in Bangladesh.
Determinants of Fraud in the Public Sector: A Study on Village Government in Indonesia
Authors: Basri Yesi Mutia
Published: July 2022

This paper focuses on the factors that affect the presence of fraud in public sector organizations in Indonesia using the fraud pentagon perspective consisting of pressure proxied by situational pressure, opportunity proxied by law enforcement, rationalisation proxied by organisational commitment, ability to be proxied by individual morality, and arrogance proxied by leadership style. Eighty-five village government officials were selected purposively. Analysis results with the Structure Equation Model (SEM) PLS shows that situational pressure, law enforcement, commitment, individual morality, and leadership style affect fraud in village government. The survey results contribute to minimising the occurrence of fraud in local governments.
Impact of First Wave of Covid-19 Pandemic on Stock Returns: Evidence from the Indian Stock Market
Authors: Mondal Ashoke
Published: July 2022

At present, the world is facing challenges resulting from the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic. The waves of the pandemic have impacted the the Indian economy also in a big way. Due to Covid-19, major stock indices of India have suffered fall in their levels. In India, market capitalisation of ninety per cent of the listed companies have been eroded. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the responses of the stock market due to the Covid-19 pandemic. For that purpose, event study methodology has been used and the share prices of twenty companies on the BSE SENSEX have been considered. It is concluded that the stock market has reacted negatively after the identification of Covid-19 and even before the declaration of lockdown. After the declaration of lockdown, positive movement of share prices of the selected stocks has been noticed.
Elements of Output and Productivity Growth: A Study of the 2-Digit Manufacturing Industries in Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Roy Prasanta Kumar
Published: July 2022

The study estimates sources of output and productivity growth of the 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry in Andhra Pradesh during the period from 1981-82 to 2010-11. A stochastic frontier model with a translog production function is used to estimate the sources of output and total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of the 2-digit manufacturing industries of the state. The sources of output growth become input growth effect and TFPG whereas TFPG consists of adjusted scale effect (ASC), technological progress (TP) and technical efficiency effect (TEC). The empirical results show that input growth effect is the major contributor to output growth in Andhra Pradesh manufacturing, and TFPG too incorporates a positive and significant effect on output growth in the majority of the 2-digit industries of the state during the study periods.
Trends and Determinants of Volatility: A Study of Soybean Futures Contracts
Authors: Joshi Saroj , Sapra Ritu
Published: July 2022

This study examines the trends and determinants of volatility in the context of the Indian futures market by taking soybean futures contracts traded on NCDEX. The sample consists of daily data on closing price, trading volume and open interest from Jan 3, 2005 to Dec 31, 2019. ARMA-GARCH model is being estimated for empirical analysis. The study finds that return distribution exhibits thick tails, time-varying volatility and volatility persistence. The GARCH effects are greater than the ARCH effects, which indicate that volatility is more sensitive to its own lagged values than recent news. The study finds a positive relationship between trading volume and volatility, whereas a negative relationship is observed between open interest and volatility. It was also observed that the inclusion of trading volume and open interest in the GARCH model reduces volatility persistence. The study concludes that trading volume and open interest are two important determinants of volatility.
Interpreting the Budget Speech for 2022-23
Authors: Agarwal Shubhi
Published: July 2022

Though the Budget 2022 has included provisions to tackle the country’s economic vulnerabilities, its successful outcome will be essential to its performance. The Budget Speech 2022-23, labelled as ‘growth-oriented’, pumped optimism into ‘Dalal Street’, and share market operations concluded on a hopeful note after the proposal was delivered. This article aims to go further into the government’s budget complexities to grasp the details of whatever is being pledged, how those commitments are supposed to be achieved, and whether they satisfy the country’s present economic expectations. This article also highlights that consumption demand is still an issue as the budget speech plots the route to prosperity for the next three decades and the budget 2022-23 has prioritized long-term advantages over short-term solutions.
Digitization of Income Tax Administration in India
Authors: Bhasin Rahul
Published: July 2022

Several initiatives have been launched by the Income Tax Department in recent years to promote the use of information technology (IT) and IT-enabled services for the efficient and transparent administration of income tax. This paper outlines the importance of the digital economy and knowledge economy in the context of tax administration in India. It outlines the various initiatives taken by the government of India that have simplified tax compliance and eased the compliance burden.
Smart Contracts: Potential and Legal Status
Authors: Narang Ashish
Published: July 2022

Blockchain has been posed as a revolutionary technology. Its application is diametrically opposed to the centralized conventional mechanisms. However, it would appear that blockchain has only been able to have a significant impact on payment mechanisms and financial transactions. Blockchain technology went on to revolutionize the financial industry with the advent of Bitcoin in 20081. However, many within the legal and business fraternity believe that smart contracts will outsize the disruption caused by crypto-currency and believe that smart contracts will reinvent the way businesses and people alike enter into transactions2. The purpose of this paper is two pronged: first, to analyse the use of smart contracts to understand if its positives outweigh its negatives or viceversa and analyse how this technology can benefit India; and second, to analyse the legal recognition and enforceability of smart contracts in India while drawing from the regulatory experiences of other jurisdictions, with a focus on the experience of the United Kingdom.
Compresión del concepto razón a través del modelo de Pirie y Kieren
Authors: Arenas Peñaloza Jhonatan , Rodríguez Vásquez Flor Monserrat
Published: July 2022

Background: Research in educational mathematics has shown that elementary school students poorly understand the concept of ratio due to the difficulties that emerge from its interpretation as a fraction. Objective: Therefore, based on the Pirie-Kieren theoretical model, we intend to analyse the comprehension process that appears when students solve tasks on ratio. Design: The approach is qualitative, and the research design was a case study. We used the field observation technique. Context and participants: The study was done in a primary school in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. The cases involved four students (11-12 years old) enrolled in the 6th grade. Data collection and analysis: The data was collected through a questionnaire (task) and an interview. For data analysis, the eight levels of understanding of the theoretical model were used. Results: The results indicate that the students do not manage to formalise their comprehension of the concept of ratio because of difficulties in applying mathematical strategies correctly when solving the proposed tasks. Conclusion: The results indicate that for students to reach higher levels of comprehension, it is necessary to carry out the dynamic process of repeating between levels as it makes one reflect on what is required to advance comprehension.
Development and Validation of a Simple Procedure for the Kinetic Spectrophotometric Quantitative Determination of Ceftriaxone Using Potassium Caroate
Authors:   National University of Pharmacy, Ukraine, Blazheyevskiy Mykola , Serdiukova Yuliia ,   National University of Pharmacy, Ukraine, Karpova Svitlana ,   National University of Pharmacy, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

A simple procedure for the quantitative determination of the Ceftriaxone pure substance by the spectrophotometric method in its kinetic modification using Caro’s acid has been developed and validated. The scheme of the chemical transformation of Ceftriaxone with the reaction of potassium caroate has been proposed. The appearance of a new wave gives the possibility of developing a new procedure for the quantitative determination of Ceftriaxone. The obtained results of accuracy and precision are as follows: RSD = 1.63-2.25 %, δ = 0.33-0.96 %. LOD = 0.1 µg/mL, LOQ = 0.33 µg/mL.
Seismic Analysis of the 2020–2021 Santa Fe Seismic Sequence in the Granada Basin, Spain: Relocations and Focal Mechanisms
Authors: Lozano Lucía , Cantavella Juan V. , Gaite Beatriz , Ruiz-Barajas Sandra , Antón Resurrección , Barco Jaime
Published: July 2022

The 2020–2021 Santa Fe seismic sequence is the first well-instrumented and widely felt seismic series occurred in the Granada basin during the Spanish instrumental period since the 1979 Fuente Vaqueros seismic series and the 1955–1956 Armilla and Purchil destructive earthquakes. It began in December 2020 with an Mw 3.7 earthquake followed by five Mw>4 earthquakes between 23 and 28 January 2021 and a long sequence of aftershocks during the next four months. Over six months later, on 12 August, another large earthquake of magnitude 4.5 stroke the area to the southwest of Santa Fe city where the previous shocks occurred. This seismic sequence offers a unique opportunity to study the seismic activity in this region—one of the most seismically active zones and with the highest seismic hazard in the Iberian Peninsula. The wide station coverage and good-quality data available allows us to perform high-precision absolute and relative relocations and to obtain the seismic moment tensor (MT) and focal mechanism of the largest earthquakes. Relocation results reveal a clustered distribution of the seismicity between Santa Fe and Pinos Puente faults, focused on a depth range between 2 and 5 km. Hypocenters follow a near-vertical pattern, and Mw>4 events display a northeast–southwest-dipping trend that seems to fit Pinos Puente fault plane. However, regional MT solutions show predominant normal fault mechanisms, with minor oblique component but with strike and dip orientations more compatible to Santa Fe fault. To explain this apparent discrepancy with the known mapped active faults, we propose a change in dip of Santa Fe fault plane from near vertical at shallow depths, bended below the first kilometers, to a possible fault splay in depth compatible with the known geologic structure of the area.
Multimodality Imaging Trials Evaluating the Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Coronary Artery Plaque Characteristics and Burden
Authors: Manubolu Venkat S ,   Department of Cardiology, Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA, USA, Budoff Matthew J ,   Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA, USA, Lakshmanan Suvasini ,   Division of Cardiology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
Published: July 2022

Treatment of established risk factors, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is the cornerstone of preventing atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Despite reducing LDL cholesterol, there remains a significant risk of cardiovascular disease. Inflammatory and metabolic pathways contribute to recurrence of cardiovascular events, and are often missed in clinical practice. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may play a crucial role in reducing residual risk of cardiovascular disease. In this review we discuss the clinical applications of omega-3 fatty acids (OM3FAs), their mechanism of action, the difference between pure EPA and docosahexaenoic acid components, and the latest cardiovascular outcome trials and imaging trials evaluating coronary plaque. PubMed and EMBASE were searched to include all the remarkable clinical trials investigating OM3FAs and cardiovascular disease. Beyond statins, additional medications are required to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. EPA has shown cardiovascular benefit in addition to statins in large outcome trials. Additionally, multiple serial-imaging studies have demonstrated benefits on plaque progression and stabilization. Due to its pleotropic properties, icosapent ethyl outperforms other OM3FAs in decreasing cardiovascular disease risk in both patients with and without high triglycerides, and is currently recommended as an adjunct to statins. To further strengthen the current evidence, additional research is required to elucidate the inconsistencies between the effects of pure EPA and EPA plus docosahexaenoic acid.
HITARI (Historical-archaeology Heritage Riddle): Pemanfaatan wordwall sebagai media ajar Indonesia zaman prasejarah di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Yuniar Arrum Intan Setya , Putra Guntur Adi , Purwati Nurul Era , Hayatunnufus Ulumia , Nafi'ah Ulfatun
Published: July 2022

The purpose of writing this study is to initiate and introduce the use of the Wordwall software as a learning medium (game-based) and evaluation of prehistoric Indonesian teaching materials in high schools. The Wordwall application is packaged into an Wordwall learning activity called HITARI or Historical-archeology Heritage Riddle. The use of the Wordwall media is carried out based on an analysis of the tendency of visual learning styles in students and of course problems relating to the interest in learning history. This study is compiled using a literature study with a qualitative approach, which consists of four steps, namely 1) determining the problem, 2) collecting sources and data, 3) correlating sources and data, and 4) presenting the discussion. The discussion in this article focuses on general elaboration concerning 1) the adjustment of teaching materials (Prehistoric Indonesia; hunting, gathering, and farming), and learning syntax of Wordwall media programming techniques, 2) steps for creating teaching media using Wordwall, 3) analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the use of the Wordwall application as a teaching media.

Tujuan ditulisnya telaah ini adalah untuk menginisiasi dan mengenalkan pemanfaatan software Wordwall sebagai media belajar (berbasis permainan) dan evaluasi terhadap materi ajar Indonesia Masa Prasejarah di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Aplikasi Wordwall dikemas menjadi suatu aktivitas pembelajaran Wordwall yang diberi nama HITARI atau Historical- archaeology Heritage Riddle. Pemanfaatan media Wordwall ini dilakukan atas dasar analisis kencenderungan gaya belajar visual pada peserta didik dan tentu saja masalah yang berkenaan dengan minat belajar sejarah. Telaah ini disusun menggunakan studi pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang terdiri atas empat langkah, yaitu 1) menentukan masalah, 2) pengumpulan sumber dan data, 3) korobasi sumber dan data, dan 4) penyajian pembahasan. Pembahasan dalam artikel ini berfokus pada penjabaran umum berkenaan dengan 1) penyesuian materi ajar (Indonesia Zaman Prasejarah; masa berburu, dan mengumpulkan makanan, dan bercocok tanam), dan sintaks pembelajaran terhadap teknis pemrograman media Wordwall, 2) langkah- langkah pengkreasian media ajar menggunakan Wordwall, 3) analisis kekuatan dan kelemahan dari pemanfaatan aplikasi Wordwall sebagai media ajar.
Interaksi sosial antar etnis Tionghoa, Banjar, dan Jawa (studi multikultur pada masyarakat Kelurahan Kampungdalem Kabupaten Tulungagung)
Authors: Setyagama Ary Kusuma , Ruja I Nyoman , Soetjipto Soetjipto , Uzma Rafa Azrarila , Reinanda Avietha
Published: July 2022

The ethnic diversity in Kampungdalem Village is an example of multiculturalism in Indonesia. This study aims to describe the social conditions of the Javanese, Banjarese, and Chinese ethnic communities in the Kampungdalem Village, Tulungagung Regency, the social interactions between ethnic groups that exist, as well as the driving factors that can affect social interaction. This study uses a qualitative approach and the type of descriptive research. The result of this research is that there is social interaction between ethnic Javanese, Banjarese, and Chinese in Kampungdalem Village in the form of trade, labor, and cooperation to create harmony in people with different cultural backgrounds. Cooperation to create harmony such as doing community service and celebrating religious holidays. The supporting factors for social interaction in the community are the attitude of respect and respect among others even with different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, sympathy for others, the common language, and economic factors.

Keberagaman etnis yang ada di Kelurahan Kampungdalem merupakan salah satu contoh multikultur yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan tentang keadaan sosial masyarakat Etnis Jawa, Banjar, dan Tionghoa di Kelurahan kampungdalem Kabupaten Tulungagung, interaksi sosial antar etnis yang ada, beserta faktor pendorong yang dapat mempengaruhi interaksi sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adanya interaksi sosial antar Etnis Jawa, Banjar, dan Tionghoa yang ada di Kelurahan Kampungdalem dalam bentuk kerjasama perdagangan, tenaga kerja, dan kerjasama untuk mewujudkan kerukunan pada masyarakat dengan latar belakang kebudayaan yang berbeda. Kerjasama untuk mewujudkan kerukunan seperti melakukan kerja bakti dan perayaan hari-hari besar umat beragama. Faktor pendukung interaksi sosial pada masyarakat tersebut ialah sikap menghargai dan menghormati antar sesama meskipun dengan latar belakang kebudayaan dan etnis yang berbeda, rasa simpati terhadap sesama, adanya kesamaan bahasa, dan faktor ekonomi.