bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of the Single-Entry Approach Program on Labor Disputes as Implemented by the Department of Labor and Employment
Authors: Sildora Rodolfo , Frejoles Mon Carlo , Cornelia Mick Ian
Published: May 2024

The study aimed to determine the effects of the Single-Entry Approach program on labor disputes as implemented by the Department of Labor and Employment in Negros Oriental Field Office. The researcher employed a descriptive-correlational design. The 120 respondents (60 requesting parties and 60 responding parties) were randomly selected clients who were involved in the SEnA program of the DOLE Negros Oriental Field Office. The researcher used a validated questionnaire to gather data and applied statistical methods such as percentage, weighted mean, mean, and Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient. The findings revealed high awareness and satisfaction for both the requesting and responding parties, indicating a correlation between clients’ awareness of the SEnA program and their satisfaction levels. However, the fact that RFAs are still being referred to other agencies only shows that certain aspects of the program require more enhancement. Specifically, the client's awareness of the SENA program, communication effectiveness, and conciliation-mediation skills could lead to increased settlement rates and reduced referrals to the NLRC.
Financial Challenges Among Public School Teachers: Basis for Proposed Program
Authors: Tagapulot Shiela Dyl , Macalisang Denmark
Published: May 2024

Financial challenges can arise from various personal and external factors, and understanding the intersection of individual perspectives and societal influences is crucial for addressing these challenges effectively. To understand the lived experience of financial challenges, a qualitative research design, precisely Moustakas’ Transcendental Phenomenological approach, was employed. The selected public school teachers of District 5, Division of Oroquieta City, served as the key informants. The prevailing financial challenges teachers encounter in public schools represent a pressing matter that warrants attention and proactive measures. The study revealed that public school teachers face financial challenges due to their family needs, education for their children, stagnant salaries, rising healthcare expenses, and the necessity of personally funding classroom supplies. The prevailing issue of teachers' loans has become increasingly over the years due to their commitment to provide for the needs of their family, personal, and even work. Their financial literacy practices could better determine how they manage their finances. Thus, authorities should discuss the salary wages of public school teachers, giving incentives and other funds to support any contingency that might occur to alleviate the financial constraints they experience.
Gereja Misioner
Authors: Berek Yanuarius
Published: May 2024

The source and purpose of mission as a unity is to participate in the mission of God (missio Dei). Participating in God’s mission means that mission is basically not the work of the Church but rather God’s action. God himself is the primary actor in mission itself. Within this mission concept this article tries to highlight mission dimensions of the local Church of the diocese of Surabaya. The diocese of Surabaya has formulated its vision as “Christ’s disciples who increasingly grow and become mature in faith, communion, service, and mission”. Formulating its vision in this way is surely assuming both a call to actively build communio within the Christian communities, namely the basic communities, as well as to reach out for missio The writer believes that both communion and mission are equally important aspects for being the Church of Christ.
Navigating Barriers: Hormone Misuse Among Transgender Women in Mainland China Due to Restrictive Medical and Societal Norms：A Case Report
Authors:   Maksim Tank Belarusian State Pedagogical University, Gomel region, 247760, Byelorussia, Yang Xu ,   Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, China, Xiang Zhibiao
Published: May 2024

Background The stringent and challenging procedures required for transgender women to access legitimate gender-affirming medical services in Mainland China often lead them to procure sex hormone medications from unlicensed providers. This situation is exacerbated by pervasive societal biases against transgender individuals, particularly transgender women, who encounter significant hostility. This dynamic underscores the urgent need for reforms to simplify the processes involved in accessing transgender medical services in Mainland China. Case Presentation This article presents a case of hormone misuse by a transgender woman in Mainland China, who experienced breast development, atrophy of male genitalia, diminished testosterone levels, and elevated estradiol and prolactin levels due to self-administered hormone therapy. The individual resorted to purchasing hormones from non-credentialed sources after her parents refused to authorize formal gender-affirming treatment. Despite psychiatric intervention, the patient continued to self-medicate with hormones obtained from these unqualified sources, leading to ongoing genital atrophy. Conclusions There is a compelling need to alleviate the procedural barriers to gender-affirming treatment in China and to revise regulations that require parental consent prior to such treatment. Without these changes, a significant number of transgender individuals will remain unable to access proper medical care, potentially leading to increased instances of hormone therapy misuse among this population.
Unveiling Stigma in Corporate Insolvency: Analyzing Legal Lessons for India's Insolvency Framework - A Comprehensive Examination
Authors: SA Nandha Kumar
Published: May 2024

The historical stigma attached to personal bankruptcy, rooted in moral judgments and harsh penalties, has been a subject of extensive legal discourse. Initially perceived as a gross moral indiscretion, bankruptcy was historically viewed as a breach of trust, with debtors facing severe consequences. While some argue that public stigma against personal bankrupts has waned in recent decades due to factors such as industrialization and increased awareness of external financial pressures, others contend that the stigma persists, exacerbated by the widespread availability of bankruptcy information on the Internet. This article acknowledges the ongoing debate regarding the decline of bankruptcy stigma but emphasizes the consensus that both personal and corporate bankruptcies still carry a level of societal disapproval. While existing legal research predominantly focuses on personal bankruptcy, this study aims to bridge the gap by investigating the relationship between bankruptcy and stigma in the context of corporate insolvency. Recognizing the distinctions in effects and manifestations between personal and corporate bankruptcies, this research is crucial in understanding how stigma impacts entrepreneurs in different settings. While personal bankruptcies affect a broad spectrum of entrepreneurs, corporate bankruptcies specifically impact high-growth entrepreneurs associated with limited liability companies. By delving into this underexplored area, the article contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between bankruptcy and societal perceptions, shedding light on the potential implications for both personal and corporate insolvency.
Navigating Intellectual Property Rights: Patentability and Market Exclusivity for Orphan Drugs in The Evolving Landscape
Authors: R Kumaravelraja
Published: May 2024

Intellectual property is an intangible property created with the endeavor of human intellect. This concept is formulated for the recognition and value for the inventions, creation of mind, literary or artistic work, designs, and traditional knowledge can be given recognition by providing Intellectual Property Rights. Intellectual property is necessary for the progress and well-being of the humanity so that new inventions and creations, further innovations are encouraged. Patent gives exclusive rights for product and process whereby without the permission of the patent owner invention cannot be commercialized. Patent Law is developed as per the standards prescribed in the TRIPS agreement globally. Patent rights are also granted for drugs as pharmaceutical research is expensive and unpredictable. Pharmaceutical sector protects their inventions by product or process patent rights. Nowadays rare diseases or orphan’s diseases caused by genetic alterations have become a threat for human life. It has become a necessity to develop new drugs or orphan drugs to treat these rare disorders even though it is fewer in numbers. In US and EU once a drug receives the status of orphan is attained the protection is limited to 10 to 12 years of protection from commercialization. In such scenario the companies who have spent millions for their Research and Development will not be in a situation to take back the investment. High revenue or capital investment is hindering the development of orphan drugs. Orphan drug exclusivity with the patent protection will definitely help in encouraging more inventions for rare diseases thereby generating a world without disease. This paper surmises upon the importance of patent to orphan drugs and exclusivity to the manufactures which can be achieved only by appropriate policy decisions and regulatory framework.
Empowering Justice: Exploring The Applicability of AI in The Judicial System
Authors: J.A Siani
Published: May 2024

The constant increase in the number of pending cases in Indian courts has been a cause of concern for the legislative, executive and the judicial wings of the country. To address this issue, several measures have been taken, including pushing for Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms and eliminating unnecessary laws, but using the recently discovered field of Artificial Intelligence to address this dilemma is still unexplored. A civil or criminal trial can take years to be settled, in contrast to industrialised countries where trials can be completed in a few days. This is due to the issue of a judge scarcity and the rising number of cases being instituted. The end outcome is inefficient and delayed justice delivery, which is not beneficial to any society. Therefore, in addition to traditional answers, creative thinking is required to bring back the efficacy and efficiency of the justice delivery system and ensure its sustainability. Using artificial intelligence to decide legal cases is one such solution. Since India's courts are already undergoing a radical transition as a result of turning digital, the newly-emerging field of study known as "Artificial Intelligence," or "AI," may be able to provide long-term justice delivery and clear the backlog of unresolved cases in unexpected ways. AI systems have already been used by the judiciaries in several developed nations, like the United States and Canada, to support the judges. Artificial intelligence will undoubtedly be a blessing to ensure a sustainable and efficient justice delivery system, as it has already shown its value in a number of industries, including marketing by tracking consumer purchasing patterns, self-driving cars, medical, and transportation. In this research, the benefit of using artificial intelligence to make decisions in court is a workable way to reduce the backlog of cases in India and other jurisdictions while also guaranteeing quick and long-lasting justice delivery systems globally.
ВРЕДНОСНЕ ОРИЈЕНТАЦИЈЕ МЛАДИХ
Authors: Трифуновић Весна С.
Published: May 2024

Вредности, као опште и трајне оријентације указују на циљеве које појединци (и групе) сматрају пожељним и чијем остварењу теже – осмишљавају и усмеравају човеков живот и његово деловање у друштву. Континуитет трајања одређених друштвених структура ствара повољне услове за прихватање њима подобног система вредности и вредносних оријентација и води њиховој репродукцији. У условима када бројне промене мењају „природу‖ друштва, међутим, мења се и систем вредности и вредносних оријентација чланова друштва, укључујући и младе. У расправама о вредностима, данас, преовлађује мишљење да друштва пролазе кроз тзв. кризу вредности условљену системским променама (транзиција, неолиберализам, глобализација, дигитализација), као и да млади пролазе кроз својеврсну кризу вредности: одређене вредности и оријентације постају наглашеније у односу на друге што води ка промени вредносних приоритета. Предмет овог рада су вредносне оријентације младих, пре свега студентске омладине у савременом српском друштву. Циљ рада је да се утврди раширеност вредносних оријентација које карактерише усмереност на 1) индивидуалне циљеве и 2) социјалне циљеве унутар студентске популације. Основна претпоставка је да су међу студентима раширеније вредности усмерене на социјалне циљеве. Рад представља резултате микроистраживања које је обухватило студенте основних и мастер академских студија Факултета педагошких наука у Јагодини. У раду је коришћена дескриптивно-аналитичка метода и техника анкетирања.
How Absence Seizures Impair Sensory Perception: Insights from Awake fMRI and Simulation Studies in Rats
Authors: Stenroos Petteri , Guillemain Isabelle , Tesler Federico , Montigon Olivier , Collomb Nora , Stupar Vasile , Destexhe Alain , Coizet Véronique , David Olivier , Barbier Emmanuel L.
Published: May 2024

In patients suffering absence epilepsy, recurring seizures can significantly decrease their quality of life and lead to yet untreatable comorbidities. Absence seizures are characterized by spike-and-wave discharges on the electroencephalogram associated with a transient alteration of consciousness. However, it is still unknown how the brain responds to external stimuli during and outside of seizures.This study aimed to investigate responsiveness to visual and somatosensory stimulation in GAERS, a well-established rat model for absence epilepsy. Animals were maintained in a non-curarized awake state allowing for naturally occurring seizures to be produced inside the magnet. They were imaged continuously using a quiet zero-echo-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence. Sensory stimulations were applied during interictal and ictal periods. Whole brain responsiveness and hemodynamic responses were compared between these two states. Additionally, a mean-field simulation model was used to mechanistically explain the changes of neural responsiveness to visual stimulation between interictal and ictal states.Results showed that, during a seizure, whole-brain responses to both sensory stimulations were suppressed and spatially hindered. In several cortical regions, hemodynamic responses were negatively polarized during seizures, despite the application of a stimulus. The simulation experiments also showed restricted propagation of spontaneous activity due to stimulation and so agreed well with fMRI findings. These results suggest that sensory processing observed during an interictal state is hindered or even suppressed by the occurrence of an absence seizure, potentially contributing to decreased responsiveness during this absence epileptic process.
The larva and adult of Helicoverpa armigera use differential gustatory receptors to sense sucrose
Authors: Zhang Shuai-Shuai , Wang Pei-Chao , Ning Chao , Yang Ke , Li Guo-Cheng , Cao Lin-Lin , Huang Ling-Qiao , Wang Chen-Zhu
Published: May 2024

Almost all herbivorous insects feed on plants and use sucrose as a feeding stimulant, but the molecular basis of their sucrose reception remains unclear. Helicoverpa armigera as a notorious crop pest worldwide mainly feeds on reproductive organs of many plant species in the larval stage, and its adult draws nectar. In this study, we determined that the sucrose sensory neurons located in the contact chemosensilla on larval maxillary galea were 100–1000 times more sensitive to sucrose than those on adult antennae, tarsi, and proboscis. Using the Xenopus expression system, we discovered that Gr10 highly expressed in the larval sensilla was specifically tuned to sucrose, while Gr6 highly expressed in the adult sensilla responded to fucose, sucrose and fructose. Moreover, using CRISPR/Cas9, we revealed that Gr10 was mainly used by larvae to detect lower sucrose, while Gr6 was primarily used by adults to detect higher sucrose and other saccharides, which results in differences in selectivity and sensitivity between larval and adult sugar sensory neurons. Our results demonstrate the sugar receptors in this moth are evolved to adapt toward the larval and adult foods with different types and amounts of sugar, and fill in a gap in sweet taste of animals.
Systemic pharmacological suppression of neural activity reverses learning impairment in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome
Authors: Shakhawat Amin Md , Foltz Jacqueline G , Nance Adam B. , Bhateja Jaydev , Raymond Jennifer L
Published: May 2024

The enhancement of associative synaptic plasticity often results in impaired rather than enhanced learning. Previously, we proposed that such learning impairments can result from saturation of the plasticity mechanism (Nguyen-Vu et al., 2017), or, more generally, from a history-dependent change in the threshold for plasticity. This hypothesis was based on experimental results from mice lacking two class I major histocompatibility molecules, MHCI H2-K
b
and H2- D
b
(MHCI

K
b
D
b−/−

), which have enhanced associative long-term depression at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses in the cerebellum (PF-Purkinje cell LTD). Here, we extend this work by testing predictions of the threshold metaplasticity hypothesis in a second mouse line with enhanced PF-Purkinje cell LTD, the
Fmr1
knockout mouse model of Fragile X syndrome (FXS). Mice lacking
Fmr1
gene expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells (L7-
Fmr1
KO) were selectively impaired on two oculomotor learning tasks in which PF-Purkinje cell LTD has been implicated, with no impairment on LTD-independent oculomotor learning tasks. Consistent with the threshold metaplasticity hypothesis, behavioral pre-training designed to reverse LTD at the PF-Purkinje cell synapses eliminated the oculomotor learning deficit in the L7-
Fmr1
KO mice, as previously reported in MHCI

K
b
D
b−/−

mice. In addition, diazepam treatment to suppress neural activity and thereby limit the induction of associative LTD during the pre- training period also eliminated the learning deficits in L7-
Fmr1
KO mice. These results support the hypothesis that cerebellar LTD-dependent learning is governed by an experience-dependent sliding threshold for plasticity. An increased threshold for LTD in response to elevated neural activity would tend to oppose firing rate stability, but could serve to stabilize synaptic weights and recently acquired memories. The metaplasticity perspective could inform the development of new clinical approaches for addressing learning impairments in autism and other disorders of the nervous system.
Mitochondrial respiration atlas reveals differential changes in mitochondrial function across sex and age
Authors: Sarver Dylan C. , Saqib Muzna , Chen Fangluo , Wong G. William
Published: May 2024

Organ function declines with age, and large-scale transcriptomic analyses have highlighted differential aging trajectories across tissues. The mechanisms underlying shared and organ-selective functional changes across the lifespan, however, still remains poorly understood. Given the central role of mitochondria in powering cellular processes needed to maintain tissue health, we therefore undertook a systematic assessment of respiratory activity across 33 different tissues in young (2.5 months) and old (20 months) mice of both sexes. Our high-resolution mitochondrial respiration atlas reveals: 1) within any group of mice, mitochondrial activity varies widely across tissues, with the highest values consistently seen in heart, brown fat, and kidney; 2) biological sex is a significant but minor contributor to mitochondrial respiration, and its contributions are tissue-specific, with major differences seen in the pancreas, stomach, and white adipose tissue; 3) age is a dominant factor affecting mitochondrial activity, especially across different fat depots and skeletal muscle groups, and most brain regions; 4) age-effects can be sex- and tissue-specific, with some of the largest effects seen in pancreas, heart, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle; and 5) while aging alters the functional trajectories of mitochondria in a majority of tissues, some are remarkably resilient to age-induced changes. Altogether, our data provide the most comprehensive compendium of mitochondrial respiration and illuminate functional signatures of aging across diverse tissues and organ systems.
High-Resolution Laminar Identification in Macaque Primary Visual Cortex Using Neuropixels Probes
Authors: Zhang Li A , Li Peichao , Callaway Edward M
Published: May 2024

Laminar electrode arrays allow simultaneous recording of activity of many cortical neurons and assignment to layers using current source density (CSD) analyses. Electrode arrays with 100-micron contact spacing have been used to estimate borders between layer 4 versus superficial or deep layers, but in macaque primary visual cortex (V1) there are far more layers, such as 4A which is only 50-100 microns thick. Neuropixels electrode arrays have 20-micron spacing, and thus could potentially discern thinner layers and more precisely identify laminar borders. Here we show that laminar distributions of CSDs lack consistency and the spatial resolution required for thin layers and accurate layer boundaries. To take full advantage of high density Neuropixels arrays, we have developed approaches based on higher resolution electrical signals and analyses, including spike waveforms and spatial spread, unit density, high-frequency action potential (AP) power spectrum, temporal power change, and coherence spectrum, that afford far higher resolution of laminar distinctions, including the ability to precisely detect the borders of even the thinnest layers of V1.
(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)Iridium Dichloride Dimer {[IrCp*Cl2]2}: A Novel Efficient Catalyst for the Cycloisomerizations of Homopropargylic Diols and N‐Tethered Enynes
Authors: Benedetti Erica , Simonneau Antoine , Hours Alexandra , Amouri Hani , Penoni Andrea , Palmisano Giovanni , Malacria Max , Goddard Jean‐Philippe , Fensterbank Louis
Published: August 2011

(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium dichloride dimer {[IrCp*Cl2]2}‐catalyzed hydroalkoxylation of bis‐homopropargylic alcohols provides an efficient access to dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]ketals. The cycloisomerizations proceed under mild conditions, with low catalytic loadings and short reaction times. This new protocol involving an Ir(III) catalyst also promoted the cycloisomerization of nitrogen‐tethered 1,6‐enynes to give azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptenes, enhancing the synthetic potential of our method.
Two novel heterozygous mutations of EVC2 cause a mild phenotype of Ellis–van Creveld syndrome in a Chinese family
Authors: Shen Wenjing , Han Dong , Zhang Jin , Zhao Hongshan , Feng Hailan
Published: August 2011

Ellis–van Creveld syndrome (EvC, chondroectodermal dysplasia; OMIM 225500) is an autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia with associated multisystem involvement. The syndrome is characterized by short limbs, short ribs, postaxial polydactyly, dysplastic nails, and abnormal teeth. Congenital heart defects occur in 50–60% of cases. In this study, we report EvC in a 6‐year‐old Chinese girl with hypodontia and polydactyly, mild short stature, and abnormalities of the knee joints. No signs of short ribs, narrow thorax, or congenital heart defects were found in this patient. The EvC phenotype shares some similarity with Weyers acrofacial dysostosis (Weyer; OMIM 193530), an autosomal dominant disorder clinically characterized by mild short stature, postaxial polydactyly, nail dystrophy, and dysplastic teeth. Mutations in EVC or EVC2 are associated with both EvC syndrome and Weyers acrodental dysostosis, but the two conditions differ in the severity of the phenotype and their pattern of inheritance. In this study, two novel heterozygous EVC2 mutations, IVS5‐2A > G and c.2653C > T (Arg885X), were identified in the patient. The IVS5‐2A > G mutation was inherited from the patient's mother and the c.2653C > T from her father. Her parents have no phenotypic symptoms similar to those of the patient. These findings extend the mutation spectrum of this malformation syndrome and provide the possibility of prenatal diagnosis for future offspring in this family. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intelligent control of doubly‐fed induction generator systems using PIDNNs
Authors: Lin Faa‐Jeng , Hwang Jonq‐Chin , Tan Kuang‐Hsiung , Lu Zong‐Han , Chang Yung‐Ruei
Published: August 2011

An intelligent control for a stand‐alone doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) system using a proportional‐integral‐derivative neural network (PIDNN) is proposed in this study. This system can be applied as a stand‐alone power supply system or as the emergency power system when the electricity grid fails for all sub‐synchronous, synchronous, and super‐synchronous conditions. The rotor side converter is controlled using field‐oriented control to produce 3‐phase stator voltages with constant magnitude and frequency at different rotor speeds. Moreover, the grid side converter, which is also controlled using field‐oriented control, is primarily implemented to maintain the magnitude of the DC‐link voltage. Furthermore, the intelligent PIDNN controller is proposed for both the rotor and grid side converters to improve the transient and steady‐state responses of the DFIG system for different operating conditions. Both the network structure and online learning algorithm are introduced in detail. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control scheme is verified through experimentation.

Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Der Carl‐Alexander‐Park in Baesweiler Manfred Feyerabend
Authors: Feyerabend Manfred
Published: August 2011

Eine Kleinstadt im Raum Aachen – eine scheinbar alltägliche Planungsaufgabe im durchschnittlichen Rahmen: Die Stadt Baesweiler will eine verlassene Abraumhalde aus vergangenen Bergbauzeiten den Bürgern zurückgeben und dieses Projekt gleichzeitig als Initialzündung für die Entwicklung eines Technologiestandortes nutzen. Es zeigte sich, dass sich aus dieser Aufgabenstellung ein ganz und gar nicht alltägliches Ergebnis entwickelte.

Das Projekt wurde mit dem Deutschen Landschaftsarchitektur‐Preis 2009 ausgezeichnet.

Carl‐Alexander‐Park in Baesweiler. A small town in the area of Aachen – it seems to be an ordinary design‐job in an ordinary scope: the city of Baesweiler wants to return the barren slag heap to its citizens and use this project simultaneously as a kick‐off for the development of a technological site. This task developed into a not‐at‐all‐ordinary result, which especially satisfies by its sophisticated design principles and its variety.

This project won the German‐Landscape‐Architecture‐Award in 2009.
ZMS‐Verwaltungsgebäude in Schwandorf
Authors: Herrmann Andreas , Spreng Stefan
Published: August 2011

Der Neubau des Verwaltungsgebäudes für den Zweckverband Müllverwertung Schwandorf (ZMS) und der zugehörige Lärmschutzwall waren vom Architekten als “gebaute Landschaft“ entworfen worden. Das Projekt, bestehend aus Erdwall, Bürotrakt und Sitzungssaal, stellte aufgrund der komplexen Geometrie und der hohen gestalterischen Anforderungen eine besondere Aufgabe für die Tragwerksplanung dar. In Kombination mit der skulpturalen Formgebung machte dies die Entwicklung innovativer Lösungen erforderlich. Inhalt dieses Beitrags ist eine Beschreibung der Baumaßnahme mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Lösungen, die im Bereich des Tragwerks gefunden wurden.

ZMS administration building – structural engineering in the context of sculptural architecture. The administration building for the “Zweckverband Müllverwertung Schwandorf” (ZMS) was designed as a “built landscape”. Due to the complex geometry and sophisticated architectural demands, the project, consisting of a noise protection embankment, an office wing, and a conference hall, presented a challenging task for the structural engineer. Innovative solutions had to be developed to implement this unique project. This article describes the construction work, emphasizing the solutions developed by the structural engineering team.
Typisierte Stabtragwerke aus Stahl in der DDR von 1955 bis 1990
Authors: Tasche Martin , Baumgarten Henrik , Zinnert Gunter
Published: August 2011

Der Aufsatz bespricht wichtige typisierte Stabtragwerke aus Stahl, die in der DDR ab 1955 vorrangig für den Industriehallenbau, aber auch den Gesellschaftsbau entwickelt wurden. Die Konstruktionen zeichneten sich durch sparsamen Materialeinsatz und ein hohe Projektierungstiefe aus. Hinweise auf entsprechende Projektierungskataloge erleichtern aktuelle Nachrechnungen der heute kaum noch bekannten Konstruktionen. Nach Kenntnis der Autoren handelt es sich um den ersten Versuch, typisierte DDR‐Tragkonstruktionen vergleichend darzustellen. Auf die Ende der 1960er Jahre entwickelten Flächentragwerke (Stabnetzwerke Typ Berlin, Ruhland, Weimar und Waren) wird nicht eingegangen. Typisierte Stabtragwerke aus Holz sind Gegenstand eines weiteren Aufsatzes im nächsten Heft.

Typified steel frame structures in the GDR from 1955 until 1990. This article outlines typified steel frame structures, which were developed in the former GDR from 1955 until 1990 primarily for industrial halls, but also for social buildings. References to former project catalogs facilitate current structural recalculations of this particular material‐saving structures. From the level of the authors’ awareness is this the first publication discussing typified structures of the GDR in a comparative way. Typed wood frame structures are the subject of another article in the next issue.
Beitrag zur Betrachtung von Zweischeiben‐Isolierverglasungen unter klimabedingten Drucklasten – Teil 2: Validierung
Authors: von Grabe Jörn , Winter Stefan
Published: August 2011

Der Aufsatz präsentiert die experimentelle Validierung des im ersten Teil vorgestellten einfachen Algorithmus zur Bestimmung der Durchbiegung von Isolierglasscheiben unter klimainduzierten Drucklasten [3]. Insgesamt wird für neun unterschiedliche Isolierglaseinheiten – die sich hinsichtlich Format und Plattensteifigkeit unterscheiden – die Auswirkung einer schrittweisen Temperaturerhöhung von Raumtemperatur auf ca. 80 °C auf die Durchbiegung in Scheibenmitte experimentell untersucht und auf verschiedene Arten analysiert. Allen Messergebnissen werden Rechenergebnisse gegenübergestellt und mit ihnen numerisch verglichen, um eine Übersicht über die generelle Genauigkeit des Verfahrens zu erhalten. Zusätzlich wird mittels statistischer Analysen dargelegt, welche Eigenschaften der Isolierglaseinheiten einen systematischen Einfluss auf die relative Genauigkeit der Prognose haben und welche Größenordnung dieser Einfluss aufweist. Abschließend werden einige mögliche qualitative Kausalhypothesen für die festgestellten Haupteffekte formuliert und geprüft.

Contribution to the examination of double glazed units under climate‐induced pressure loads – Part 2: Validation. This article presents the experimental validation of the simple algorithm for determining the deflection of double glazed units under climate‐induced pressure loads which was presented in the first part of this double‐publication [3]. For nine double glazed units – all of which are different in terms of format and plate stiffness – the effect of a stepwise increase of temperature from room temperature up to 80 °C on the deformation of the pane centre is experimentally examined and analysed by different procedures. All measurement results will be contrasted with calculation results and will be numerically compared to them, so that a general overview over the accuracy of the procedure will be generated. Additionally, by statistical analysis, it will be shown, which properties of the insulating glass have a systematic impact on the relative accuracy of the prediction and of which magnitude this is. Finally, some qualitative causal hypotheses concerning the main effects are formulated and tested.
Single‐Molecule Magnet Behaviour in a Tetrathiafulvalene‐Based Electroactive Antiferromagnetically Coupled Dinuclear Dysprosium(III) Complex
Authors: Pointillart Fabrice , Le Gal Yann , Golhen Stéphane , Cador Olivier , Ouahab Lahcène
Published: August 2011

The reactions between the [Ln(tta)3]⋅2 H2O precursors (tta−=2‐thenoyltrifluoroacetonate anion) and the tetrathiafulvalene‐3‐pyridine‐N‐oxide ligands (L1) lead to dinuclear complexes of formula [{Ln(tta)3(L1)}2]⋅x CH2Cl2 (x=0.5 for Ln=DyIII (1) and x=0 for Ln=GdIII (2)). The crystal structure reveals that two {Ln(tta)3} moieties are bridged by two donors through the nitroxide groups. The DyIII centre adopts a distorted square antiprismatic oxygenated polyhedron structure. The antiferromagnetic nature of the exchange interaction between the two DyIII ions has been determined by two methods: 1) an empirical method using the [Dy(hfac)3(L2)2] mononuclear complex as a model (3) (hfac−=1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoroacetylacetonate anion, L2=tetrathiafulvaleneamido‐2‐pyridine‐N‐oxide ligand), and 2) assuming an Ising model for the DyIII ion giving an exchange energy of −2.30 cm−1, g=19.2 in the temperature range of 2–10 K. The antiferromagnetic interactions have been confirmed by a quantitative determination of J for the isotropic GdIII derivative (J=−0.031 cm−1, g=2.003). Compound 1 displays a slow magnetisation relaxation without applied external magnetic fields. Alternating current susceptibility shows a thermally activated behaviour with pre‐exponential factors of 5.48(4)×10−7 s and an energy barrier of 87(1) K. The application of an external field of 1.6 kOe compensates the antiferromagnetic interactions and opens a new quantum tunnelling path.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Photoluminescent Properties of LiGaO2 Nanoflakes.
Authors: Hsiao Yu‐Jen , Fang Te‐Hua , Ji Liang‐Wen , Chiu Zhe‐Wei
Published: August 2011

Microcrystalline LiGaO2 with an orthorhombic structure is synthesized by sol—gel processing of LiNO3, Ga(NO3)3, ethylene glycol, and citric acid (120 °C, 10 h) and subsequent calcination at 500—700 °C in air (3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Cs2USi6O15: A Tetravalent Uranium Silicate.
Authors: Liu Hsin‐Kuan , Lii Kwang‐Hwa
Published: August 2011

The title compound is synthesized along with Cs2UO2Si4O10 by hydrothermal reaction of UO3, CsF, and SiO2 using Al as a reducing agent (Cs:U:Si:Al = 50:1:6:0.6, H2O, Au ampule, autoclave, 600 °C, 2 d, 49% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Cleavage of Carbon—Carbon Bonds Through the Mild Release of Trifluoroacetate: Generation of α,α‐Difluoroenolates for Aldol Reactions.
Authors: Han Changho , Kim Eun Hoo , Colby David A.
Published: August 2011

Under very mild conditions, α,α′‐pentafluoro gem‐diols undergo an extremely fast C—C bond scission with release of trifluoroacetate to give in the presence of aldehydes the corresponding aldol products.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Catalyzed Intramolecular Allylic Substitution of Bis(trichloroacetimidates): A Versatile Approach to Racemic Unsaturated Amino Acids.
Authors: Grigorjeva Liene , Jirgensons Aigars
Published: August 2011

(E)‐Alkenyloxazolines and ‐oxazines are effectively prepared from both (E)‐ or (Z)‐bis(trichloroacetimidates) in the presence of a variety of Lewis acid catalysts (TmsOTf, FeCl3, AlCl3, BF3·OEt2, TosOH) in general within minutes.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Aryl or Vinyl Chlorides to α‐Ketoamides Through C—Cl Bond Activation.
Authors: Hu Jin‐Xiu , Wu Hao , Li Chuan‐Ying , Sheng Wei‐Jian , Jia Yi‐Xia , Gao Jian‐Rong
Published: August 2011

The first example of a nickel‐catalyzed direct intramolecular nucleophilic addition of aryl or vinyl chlorides to α‐ketoamides through C—Cl bond activation is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Palladium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Cross‐Coupling of Conjugated Dienes or Terminal Alkenes with Vinyl Triflates and Boronic Acids.
Authors: Liao Longyan , Jana Ranjan , Urkalan Kaveri Balan , Sigman Matthew S.
Published: August 2011

The reaction of 1,3‐dienes with arylboronic acids and either cyclic or acyclic vinyl triflates results in a selective 1,2‐alkene difunctionalization.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Pd‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Methanesulfonamide and Related Nucleophiles: Avoiding Potentially Genotoxic Reagents and By‐products.
Authors: Rosen Brandon R. , Ruble J. Craig , Beauchamp Thomas J. , Navarro Antonio
Published: August 2011

An efficient and widely applicable method to prepare N‐arylsulfonamides is developed and applied to the synthesis of the bissulfonamide drug dofetilide (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: New Nitrogen‐ and Sulfur‐Containing Derivatives of Chlorocyclopentenones.
Authors: Egorov V. A. , Khalikova G. M. , Gimalova F. A. , Grachev A. V. , Miftakhov M. S.
Published: August 2011

With the view to obtain new antiviral agents of the cyclopentane series, a variety of new N‐ and S‐containing derivatives of chlorocyclopentenes are synthesized starting from trichlorocyclopentenones (I), (VI), (VIII) or (XII).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Odorless One‐Pot Process for the Synthesis of N‐Substituted Thioamides via TsCl‐Mediated Beckmann Rearrangement of Ketoximes.
Authors: Liu Li‐Feng , An Na , Pi Hong‐Jun , Ying Jun , Du Wenting , Deng Wei‐Ping
Published: August 2011

The one‐pot thionation process utilizes thiourea for the synthesis of thioamides (II) via Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric syn‐Selective Direct Aldol Reaction of Protected Hydroxyacetone Catalyzed by Primary Amino Acid Derived Bifunctional Organocatalyst in the Presence of Water.
Authors: Kumar Akshay , Singh Sarbjit , Kumar Vikas , Chimni Swapandeep Singh
Published: August 2011

A variety of amino acid‐derived water‐soluble primary‐tertiary diamines is prepared and successfully applied as organocatalyst in the aldol reaction of protected hydroxyacetone derivatives (I) and (IV) with aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: The Direct Carboxylation of Terminal Alkynes with Carbon Dioxide.
Authors: Dingyi Yu , Yugen Zhang
Published: August 2011

A simple and straightforward method for the title reaction, which is more atom‐ and step‐economic, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Carbazolyl‐Derived Phosphine Ligands: Application to Sterically Hindered Biaryl Couplings.
Authors: To Sheung Chun , Kwong Fuk Yee
Published: August 2011

A novel carbazolyl‐containing phosphine ligand is prepared and successfully applied in the Suzuki—Miyaura coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Indane and Cyclobuta[a]indenes from Homoallylic Alcohols Derived from Baylis—Hillman Adducts: Base‐Dependent Stereoselectivity for the Benzylidene Group in Cyclobuta[a]indene.
Authors: Kim Ko Hoon , Kim Se Hee , Park Sunhong , Kim Jae Nyoung
Published: August 2011

The Pd‐catalyzed cyclization of title homoallylic alcohols (I) provides a mixture of indane (III) and cyclobutaindene products (II)/(IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Increasing Synthetic Efficiency via Direct C—H Functionalization: Formal Synthesis of an Inhibitor of Botulinum Neurotoxin.
Authors: Potavathri Shathaverdhan , Kantak Abhishek , DeBoef Brenton
Published: August 2011

A novel synthetic route for the synthesis of one of the best known inhibitors (VII) of botulinum neurotoxin is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Core‐Structure‐Motivated Design of a Phosphine‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction: Enantioselective Syntheses of Spirocyclopenteneoxindoles.
Authors: Tan Bin , Candeias Nuno R. , Barbas Carlos F. III
Published: August 2011

Phenylcarbamoyl or Boc protected spiro‐indolinones such as (III) or (VIII) are prepared with up to 99% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Interaction of Spiro‐Heterocyclic Oxindole System with Sodium Diformylimide.
Authors: Gurevich P. A. , Sattarova L. F. , Petrovskiy A. S. , Frolova N. A. , Strunin B. P. , Musin R. Z.
Published: August 2011

New heterocyclic compound (VI) is synthesized starting from isatin (I) via chlorination of intermediate (III), subsequent reaction with sodium diformylimide (IV) and cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction of Thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidine Derivatives and Nitrilimine.
Authors: Li Xiaofang , Liu Haochong , Liu Bin , Zheng Aiting , Li Guobin , Yu Xianyong , Yi Pinggui
Published: August 2011

The 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidine derivatives (I) with in situ from N‐phenyl benzhydrazidoyl chloride (II) generated nitrilamine is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Regioselective Synthesis of Tetrazoles and Related Heterocycles Using Iodine.
Authors: Yella Ramesh , Khatun Nilufa , Rout Saroj Kumar , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: August 2011

An efficient synthesis of tetrazoles is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Functional Polycyclic Chromones Through Michael Addition and Double Cyclizations.
Authors: Liu Yang , Huang Liping , Xie Fuchun , Chen Xuxing , Hu Youhong
Published: August 2011

Base‐promoted, microwave‐assisted tandem reaction of alkynylchromones with o‐bromobenzylic nitriles and esters provides access to title polysubstituted cyclohepteno‐fused chromones, e.g. (III), (VI), (VIII) or (X), in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: D‐Camphor‐Derived Triazolium Salts for Enantioselective Intramolecular Stetter Reactions.
Authors: Rong Zi‐Qiang , Li Yi , Yang Gui‐Qiu , You Shu‐Li
Published: August 2011

Chiral triazolium salts catalyze the asymmetric Stetter reaction of the salicylaldehyde‐derived substrates (I) and (III), providing the corresponding chromanone products in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Copper‐Free Pd(OAc)2/Ruphos‐Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling of 1‐Chloroisoquinolines in the Formation of 1‐Alkynyl‐3‐substituted Isoquinolines.
Authors: Prabakaran K. , Khan F. Nawaz , Jin Jong Sung
Published: August 2011

The method avoids an oxidative dimerization of the alkynes and renders possible the simple access to biologically interesting isoquinoline structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Bicyclization Involving Pseudo‐Intramolecular Imination with Diamines.
Authors: Nishiwaki Nagatoshi , Hirao Shotaro , Sawayama Jun , Saigo Kazuhiko , Kobiro Kazuya
Published: August 2011

The formation of ammonium salts of acidic ketonitriles (I) with amines (II) followed by a pseudo‐intramolecular imination affords bicyclization products (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of C2‐Functionalized Pyrimidines from 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones by the Mitsunobu Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Wang Xi‐Cun , Yang Guo‐Jun , Jia Xiao‐Dong , Zhang Zhang , Da Yu‐Xia , Quan Zheng‐Jun
Published: August 2011

The Mitsunobu coupling of 2‐hydroxypyrimidines with N‐, O‐, and acid nucleophiles gives C2‐substituted pyrimidines in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Clean, Highly Efficient and One‐Pot Green Synthesis of Aryl/Alkyl/Heteroaryl‐Substituted Bis(6‐amino‐1,3‐dimethyluracil‐5‐yl)methanes in Water.
Authors: Das Subrata , Thakur Ashim Jyoti
Published: August 2011

Substituted bis(aminodimethyluracilyl)methanes are synthesized by simple stirring in water without heating, dehydrating agent, catalyst, surfactant or additive.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Functionalization of Electrodes for Detection of Gaseous Nerve Agents with Carbon Nanotube Field‐Effect Transistors.
Authors: Delalande Michael , Clavaguera Simon , Toure Momar , Carella Alexandre , Lenfant Stephane , Deresmes Dominique , Vuillaume Dominique , Simonato Jean‐Pierre
Published: August 2011

Compound (I) is used as a sensor for the fabrication of electrodes, which are sensitive to organo‐phosphorus compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Synthesis of Bridged Azaoxa Skeletons: Gold‐Catalyzed Aminoketalization of Garner′s Aldehyde‐Derived Alkynes.
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Carrascosa Rocio
Published: August 2011

Bridged azaoxa skeletons are efficiently prepared from easily accessible alkynyloxazolidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Aphapolynins A and B, Two New Limonoids from the Fruits of Aphanamixis Polystachya.
Authors: Zhang Yao , Wang Jun‐Song , Wang Xiao‐Bing , Wei Dan‐Dan , Luo Jian‐Guang , Luo Jun , Yang Ming‐Hua , Kong Ling‐Yi
Published: August 2011

Preliminary studies concerning cytotoxicity reveal moderate effects for aphapolynin A (I), whereas no activity is observed for aphapolynin B (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A General Method for Affinity‐Based Proteomic Profiling of exo‐α‐Glycosidases.
Authors: Gandy Michael N. , Debowski Aleksandra W. , Stubbs Keith A.
Published: August 2011

The alkylation of 1‐deoxynojirimycin (I) with bromide (II) leads to the desired azide‐containing iminosugar (III), which is used for the fluorescent labeling of exo‐α‐glycosidase.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Approach to 2,5‐Anhydro‐glucitol‐Based 1′‐Homo‐N‐nucleoside Mimetics.
Authors: Bhatt Beenu , Thomson Robin J. , von Itzstein Mark
Published: August 2011

The synthesis of a series of target compounds with 4‐substituted 1,2,3‐triazoles that replace the nucleobase is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenazinolins A—E: Novel Diphenazines from a Tin Mine Tailings‐Derived Streptomyces Species
Authors: Ding Zhang‐Gui , Li Ming‐Gang , Ren Jie , Zhao Jiang‐Yuan , Huang Rong , Wang Qing‐Zhong , Cui Xiao‐Long , Zhu Hua‐Jie , Wen Meng‐Liang
Published: August 2011

isolation and structure elucidation of phenazinolins A (Ia), B (Ib), C (II), D (IIIa) and E (IIIb), cytotoxic activity for compounds (I) and (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Matrix Isolation of H Atoms at Low Temperatures
Authors: Khmelenko V. V. , Lee D. M. , Vasiliev S.
Published: August 2011

Review: 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Neutrons Not Entitled to Retire at the Age of 60. More than Ever Needed to Reveal Magnetic Structures
Authors: Ritter Clemens
Published: August 2011

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties and Magnetocaloric Effect in Selected MM′X‐type (M, M′: 3d or 4d Metal, X: As, P, Ge) and Mn1‐xTxAs‐type (T: 3d Metal) Intermetallics
Authors: Zach Ryszard , Chajec Wieslaw , Tobola Janusz , Fruchart Daniel , Hlil El Kebir , Balli Mohamed , Wolfers Pierre
Published: August 2011

Review: 12 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: η1‐Alkynyl Chemistry for the Higher Oxidation States of Palladium and Platinum
Authors: Canty Allan J. , Sharma Manab
Published: August 2011

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Domino Reactions: Efficient One‐Pot Regiospecific Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Polysubstituted Furans from Electron‐Deficient Alkynes and 2‐Yn‐1‐ols.
Authors: Cao Hua , Jiang Huanfeng , Huang Huawen
Published: August 2011

Review: Cu(I)‐, nano‐Cu2O‐, and Ag(I)‐catalyzed syntheses of α‐carbonyl furans published in 2009 and 2010 by the authors; ca. 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Hydrosilylation of Pyridine by Ruthenium Catalyst: A New Reaction and Mechanism
Authors: Osakada Kohtaro
Published: August 2011

Review: 29 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Atroposelective Organocatalysis
Authors: Cozzi Pier Giorgio , Emer Enrico , Gualandi Andrea
Published: August 2011

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Post‐Grafting of Silica Surfaces with Pre‐Functionalized Organosilanes: New Synthetic Equivalents of Conventional Trialkoxysilanes
Authors: Park Jung‐Woo , Park Young Jun , Jun Chul‐Ho
Published: August 2011

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: C—H Oxidation by Platinum Group Metal Oxo or Peroxo Species
Authors: Zhou Meng , Crabtree Robert H.
Published: August 2011

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Functionalization of Saturated C—H Bonds with Metalloporphyrin Catalysts
Authors: Che Chi‐Ming , Lo Vanessa Kar‐Yan , Zhou Cong‐Ying , Huang Jie‐Sheng
Published: August 2011

Review: 244 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity of the Borylation of Alkanes and Arenes
Authors: Hartwig John F.
Published: August 2011

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Natural Product Synthesis Using Metal‐Catalyzed C—H Bond Functionalization
Authors: McMurray Lindsay , O'Hara Fionn , Gaunt Matthew J.
Published: August 2011

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dearomatization Strategies in the Synthesis of Complex Natural Products
Authors: Roche Stephane P. , Porco John A. Jr.
Published: August 2011

Review: ca. 260 refs.