bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMAGE OF A SCHOOLBOY IN THE B. OKUDZHAVA’S WAR PROSE
Authors: Kovtun Natalia
Published: May 2023

The article analyzes the history and poetics of Okudzhava’s war prose and its role in modern literature. Particular attention is paid to the image of the schoolboy character, which structures the text. The author reflects on his orientation towards classical literature and the creators of “lieutenant prose,” but treats the past with an emphatically apprentice attitude. This trusting intonation is inherited by his autobiographical protagonist, whose image emphasises the features of a private individual, an amateur. The figure of the schoolboy combines contradictory features: courage and naivety, belief in myths and fairy tales, as well as inner weariness and self-irony dictated by the author’s position. A special place is held by the story “Be Well, Schoolboy,” which is structured according to the soliloquy principle, when the hero’s self-discovery takes place, the war becomes an initiation and a test of the book truths “about feats, about glory,” which are alienated when confronted with the chaos of reality. The author demonstrates the gap between the perception of the schoolboy by those around him and his self-perception, which opens up an ambiguous and ironic perspective. The motifs of the “naked man,” the Other, Mercurianism and the labyrinth, which converge in the image of the schoolboy hero, have become the key concepts in these texts. The traditional paradigm of the “little man,” whose home is an overcoat, is apparent behind the character of Okudzhava’s prose. A peculiar result of the author’s reflections on the war is the rejection of the epic tradition of the classics. Instead, the schoolboy inherits the old spoon of the “eternal soldier” Shongin, becoming a part of his destiny, so commonplace in its tragic nature. The most important role in the representation of the battle theme is played by the cultural centrism paradigm, which helps to include the traumatic, horrible experience of war in the memory and post-memory space.
How Can We Survive the Heart Failure Pandemic Era? Basic Research for Understanding the Pathophysiology of Heart Failure and Development of Novel Therapies
Authors: Katoh Manami , Ko Toshiyuki , Katagiri Mikako , Yamada Shintaro , Ito Masamichi , Komuro Issei
Published: May 2023

Heart failure is caused by a variety of factors, and although many new drug and non-drug therapies have been developed for its treatment in the past decades, the number of patients with heart failure continues to increase and its prognosis is still poor. In this era, it is necessary to continue to develop new therapies. For that purpose, basic research aimed at a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of heart failure is essential. To that end, an investigation of the ischaemia-mediated molecular mechanisms of various processes, from adaptive cardiac hypertrophy to contractile failure and DNA damage, as a cause of heart failure, has been undertaken. A novel stratification of heart failure based on comprehensive mutation and gene expression analyses has also been carried out. This article reviews the recent advances in basic heart failure research and treatment. In the future, understanding of the diversity of this disease at the molecular level is expected to lead to the development of optimal therapies that are tailored to the individual patient.
ІННОВАЦІЙНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ПЕЧИВА НА ОСНОВІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ВТОРИННИХ ПРОДУКТІВ ПЕРЕРОБКИ СОЇ
Authors: Коркач Ганна В. , Котузакі Олена М. , Шунько Ганна С. , Крусір Галина В. , Хугі Крістоф , Брайтенмозер Лена Брайтенмозер
Published: May 2023

Останніми роками зростає інтерес до використання окари – побічного продукту виробництва соєвого молока та тофу, який є багатим джерелом поживних речовин. Але сьогодні соєві рештки використовують дуже неефективно. Включення окари в раціон харчування населення – це спосіб повторного використання та зменшення харчових відходів, а також спосіб збагачення харчових продуктів поживними речовинами. Обґрунтовано вибір борошняних кондитерських виробів, зокрема цукрового печива, як об'єкта для введення борошна окари з метою отримання кондитерських виробів підвищеної якості та харчової цінності. У статті наведено результати досліджень щодо використання окари, що отримана в результаті фільтрації соєвого екстракту, як рецептурного компонента борошняних кондитерських виробів. Визначено масову частку добавки та стадію її внесення у виробництві цукрового печива. Вивчено властивості тіста та випечених виробів для зразків із заміною 10, 20 та 30 % пшеничного борошна на борошно окари. Визначений вплив окари на технологічні властивості борошна, реологічні характеристики тіста, фізико-хімічні та
органолептичні показники готових виробів. Встановлено, що вміст білка в дослідному зразку вищий на 30 %, харчових волокон – у 100 разів. Вміст мінеральних речовин у дослідному зразку збільшився: калію – на 83.5 %; фосфору – на 64 %; заліза – на 57 %, магнію – на 20 % та кальцію – в 4.4 рази. Енергетична цінність дослідних і контрольних зразків залишилася майже незмінною. Аналіз органолептичних показників якості печива показав, що розроблені вироби з окарою значно переважають досліджувані аналоги за смаком, кольором та консистенцією.
ЕЛЕКТРОННОКАТАЛІТИЧНА ІНТЕНСИФІКАЦІЯ ГОРІННЯ ГАЗОПОДІБНОГО ПАЛИВА
Authors: Вязовик Віталій М.
Published: May 2023

Природний газ є високоефективним енергоносієм і цінною хімічною сировиною. Проте запаси природного газу не безмежні. Тому виникає потреба в створенні технологій по зменшенню витрат природного газу і підвищення продуктивності його використання. Для цього було запропоновано використання направленої дії штучно створеної низькотемпературної плазми з упорядкованим рухом «повільних» електронів в присутності гетерогенного каталізатору та визначення оптимальних умов проведення цих процесів. Використання електронно-каталітичного методу в процесах горіння дозволяє витрачати на процес ініціювання первинних ендотермічних стадій значно меншу кількість енергії завдяки використанню енергії «повільних» електронів, на утворення яких в першу чергу впливає нерівноважна плазма. Розглянуто теоретичні основи процесу електрокаталітичної інтенсифікації горіння газоподібного палива. Наведені залежності зміну температури води, що нагрівається від часу при різних напругах електричного розряду, коефіцієнті надлишку повітря і складу каталізатору при електрокаталітичному спалюванні газоподібного палива.
СИНТЕЗ НОВИХ ЗАМІЩЕНИХ 3-(1,2,4-ОКСАДІАЗОЛ-5-ІЛ)-ТІЄНО[3,2-E][1,2,3]ТРИАЗОЛО[1,5-A]ПІРИМІДИН-5(4H)-ОНІВ В ДОМІНО РЕАКЦІЇ АЗИДІВ
Authors: Шийка Ольга Я. , Тупичак Микола А. , Походило Назарій Т.
Published: May 2023

Конденсовані полігетероциклічні сполуки, пов’язані з тієно[2,3-d]піримідинами, є широко використовуваним класом гетероциклів у медичній хімії та викликають значний інтерес як потенційні протипухлинні засоби. У цій статті, заміщені (1,2,4-оксадіазол-5-іл)ацетонітрили були введені в зручну доміно реакцію з 2-азидотіофен-3-карбоксилатами для прямого синтезу 3-(1,2,4-оксадіазол-5-іл)-тієно[3,2-е][1,2,3]триазоло[1,5-а]піримідин-5(4Н)-онів. Мотив 1,2,4-оксадіазолу було обрано для кон’югації з тієно[3,2-e][1,2,3]триазоло[1,5-a]піримідиновим ядром, оскільки, нещодавно було виявлено декілька 4-(1,2,4-оксадіазол-5-іл)-1Н-1,2,3-тріазол-5-амінів, що мають багатообіцяючу антитрипаносомну активність, яка часто пов’язана з цитотоксичністю проти ракових клітин. Реакція проходить швидко при кімнатній температурі за основного каталізу і не вимагає хроматографічної очистки продуктів. Продукти високої чистоти виділяли простим фільтруванням. Синтезовані сполуки перевіряли на протипухлинну активність на панелі 60 ракових клітин в NCI. Загалом відібрані 3-(1,2,4-оксадіазол-5-іл)тієно[3,2-е][1,2,3]триазоло[1,5-а]піримідин-5(4Н)-они не виявили значної протипухлинної активності. Найбільшу активність виявила сполука 3b, яка пригнічувала ріст 27 % клітин меланоми LOX IMVI у концентрації 10-5 М.
КОМПЛЕКСНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ВПЛИВУ СТРУКТУРИ КОМПОНЕНТІВ НА РІЗНОВИДИ ШОКОЛАДНИХ ГЛАЗУРЕЙ
Authors: Земелько Марія Л. , Бухкало Світлана І.
Published: May 2023

У роботі досліджено вплив рецептурних компонентів на якісні характеристики шоколадних глазурей. В кондитерській промисловості окрім основного технологічного призначення глазурі часто використовують для розширення асортименту та зниження собівартості готових виробів. Для дослідження обрано деякі різновиди шоколадних глазурей для вкривання кондитерських виробів та харчову добавку-емульгатор (суміш моно- і діацилгліцеролів) з жирової сировини різної природи, отриманої методом гліцеролізу з використанням гетерогенного або гомогенного каталізатору. Серед основних якісних показників шоколадних глазурей для вкривання кондитерських виробів, таких як зовнішній̆ вигляд та органолептичні показники, контролюють і основні кількісні – в’язкість, стабільність, температуру використання. Порівняльний аналіз ефективності дії доданих компонентів на реологічні властивості деяких різновидів шоколадних глазурей для вкривання кондитерських виробів показав, що харчова добавка-емульгатор ефективно знижує в’язкість у випадку додавання в кількості 0.3–0.6 %, має більшу, порівняно з соєвим лецитином, розріджувальну здатність – 0.8–0.85 % та не впливає на смак, запах і відчуття плавлення в роті досліджуваних зразків глазурі. Температура застигання – 28.1–28.8 °C та плавлення – 31–33 °C мають незначні відмінності та відповідають діючим стандартам, також присутнє незначне «посивіння» готового продукту. Отже, проектування складу продуктів з урахуванням вимог збалансованості за жирнокислотним, амінокислотним, мінеральним і вітамінним складом є предметом подальших пріоритетних наукових досліджень та практичних розробок.
Piezas breves para cuarteto (1972-1976) de Rocío Sanz Quirós (1934-1993)
Authors: Campos Fonseca Susan , Alfaro Bogantes Luis
Published: May 2023

El Archivo Histórico Musical proponer esta publicación como parte de la serie Constructoras sonoras que desarrolla en colaboración con la oficina de producción artística de la Escuela de Artes Musicales de la Universidad de Costa Rica, en el marco del Bicentenario de la independencia de Centroamérica (1821-2021). Las Piezas breves para cuarteto son contemporáneas a la Cantata a la Independencia de Centroamérica para barítono, coro y banda, ganadora del concurso convocado por el entonces Ministerio de Cultura, Juventud y Deportes de Costa Rica, para celebrar el 150 aniversario de la independencia (1821-1971). Las Piezas breves para cuarteto de Rocío Sanz permiten analizar la doble complejidad planteada por su figura: como compositora emigrante, y como creadora latinoamericana que trabajó con técnicas entendidas como “de vanguardia” o “experimentales”, participando en las búsquedas técnico-compositivas de la posguerra durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX.
Un siglo de acción social masónica
Authors: Sanchez Andaur Raul Ernesto
Published: May 2023

La masonería hace propio el discurso decimonónico de modernidad y progreso, que proyecta a la sociedad, en este caso de Talca, Chile.

Aquí, sensibilizada frente al abandono en que se encontraban muchos niños y la carencia de educación apropiada para obreros y analfabetos, crea entidades de instrucción popular, de asistencialidad a la infancia, apoya a instituciones de servicio público e intenta posicionar el laicismo. 

El trabajo pretende poner en valor dichas iniciativas, que fueron parte de un estilo de acción social que se aprecia ralentizado tras la crisis política de 1973.
Origen, formación e institucionalización de la Sociedad Teosófica en Cuba (1893-1926)
Authors: Rivero Aponte Andres
Published: May 2023

Tesis de maestría en Ciencias Históricas defendida en la Universidad de La Habana, en La Habana, Cuba, el 17 de julio de 2020. https://doi.org/10.15517/rehmlac.v13i1.43529
sociabilidad teosófica en Cuba
Authors: Rivero Aponte Andres
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo de investigación es uno de los primeros acercamientos al estudio histórico de la Sociedad Teosófica en Cuba. Primeramente, se define qué es la teosofía y se describe brevemente el surgimiento y desarrollo de la Sociedad Teosófica internacional y las condiciones que propiciaron su inserción en el espacio cubano, además se analiza el surgimiento y desarrollo de las primeras logias teosóficas en la Isla. Es decir, se trata de presentar una visión sintética del movimiento teosófico cubano en su primera etapa que transcurre entre 1894 y 1904.904.
joyas y medallas masónicas españolas como expresión de las instituciones y del sistema filosófico masónico
Authors: Cuadrado Merchán Manuel
Published: May 2023

Tesis de doctorado en Historia defendida en la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria en España, el 25 de septiembre de 2020.
Ateu Martí (1889-1936) de David Ginard i Féron
Authors: Morales Ruiz Juan José
Published: May 2023

Reseña

Ateu Martí (1889-1936). Anticlericalisme i compromís republicà de David Ginard i Féron. Barcelona: Publicacions de l’Abadia de Monserrat, 2020. 213 páginas. ISBN: 978-84-9191-112-8.
Medallas del exilio masónico español en México
Authors: Cuadrado Merchán Manuel
Published: May 2023

La investigación del exilio masónico español en México durante la dictadura franquista se ha abordado en el contexto del exilio republicano. Se han estudiado los vínculos institucionales que estos masones establecieron con la masonería mexicana, su integración en el tejido cultural en el país de acogida, sus publicaciones, así como biografías. Un ámbito de estudio que está por investigar es el de la historia de la cultura material de estos masones exiliados. En este trabajo procuramos establecer el estado de la cuestión relativo a las medallas de aquellos masones españoles en México.
Esbozo de la relación entre el Cardenismo y la masonería potosina
Authors: Sánchez Leija Luis Manuel
Published: May 2023

En el siguiente texto se hace una revisión de la posible influencia del proyecto ideológico del Cardenismo en la práctica de la masonería en el estado de San Luis Potosí, México. Esta comparativa se pudo hacer con los documentos pertenecientes al archivo histórico de la Gran Logia de Estado Soberana e Independiente “El Potosí” y extendiendo así la posibilidad de seguir abriendo líneas de investigación referentes al Cardenismo y la masonería.
Demófilo de Buen Lozano
Authors: Martínez Chávez Eva Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

El artículo muestra la relación que existió entre Demófilo de Buen Lozano y la masonería. Para lograr este objetivo se exponen datos biográficos, se analiza la participación de Demófilo en la Segunda República española (1931-1939) y en la Guerra Civil (1936-1939), las represalias que sufrió por el bando liderado por Francisco Franco, el proceso que le formó el Tribunal Especial para la Represión de la Masonería y el Comunismo y su exilio definitivo en América. Para esta investigación se utilizaron fuentes bibliográficas, pero, sobre todo, documentos que se resguardan en archivos históricos españoles y mexicanos.
Masones y librepensadores a comienzos del siglo XX en la Argentina
Authors: Rainieri Mariano Pablo
Published: May 2023

Este artículo explora la figura de Carlos Conforti, uno de los líderes políticos más emblemáticos de la masonería y el librepensamiento en la Argentina, a principios del siglo XX. Todo ello con el fin de, por un lado, estudiar el rol de Conforti como canalizador político de las demandas laicistas de los librepensadores y masones, y por el otro, profundizar en el análisis de la situación crítica que atravesaba el campo librepensador y masónico, en torno al Centenario de la Revolución de Mayo. Este aspecto se indaga, principalmente, a partir del estudio de fuentes masónicas.
Estudio de la composición academicista en las fachadas tripartitas verticales de las logias masónicas en Nuevo León, 1905-1961
Authors: Garza Martínez Antonio
Published: May 2023

En los escasos edificios ex profeso de algunas logias masónicas del estado de Nuevo León se observa una composición de inspiración academicista, resaltando de entre ellas el común denominador de la tripartición vertical. No obstante, surge la pregunta: ¿cuáles son los conceptos arquitectónicos que coadyuvan a identificar las fachadas de estas logias masónicas? En el presente trabajo, se analizarán fachadas de logias con tripartición vertical, observando en su composición y variaciones tanto en sus estilos como en los lenguajes arquitectónicos propios del momento de su construcción. Combinando así las composiciones arquitectónicas a través de los símbolos de la sociabilidad ritualista.
Elites militares y masonería
Authors: Chanta Martínez René
Published: May 2023

El presente texto abordará de manera sucinta la vinculación de las élites militares y la masonería en El Salvador durante el período comprendido entre 1931 a 1953. Los gobiernos militares en el país fueron continuos durante casi 50 años en el siglo XX. Hay evidencias mostrando que ciertos militares fueron miembros activos de la masonería. Incluso, algunos de ellos llegaron a la presidencia de la República.  En este trabajo también podrá observarse brevemente la visión que tenían algunos militares masones de los acontecimientos contemporáneos, entre ellos, la segunda guerra mundial o la guerra civil española.
maçonaria, intelectuais e pensamento político nas décadas iniciais do século XX
Authors: Acioly Paz Silva Augusto César
Published: May 2023

O presente texto procura responder questões referentes ao processo de estruturação a maçonaria nas décadas iniciais do século XX, procurando posicionando-se de maneira crítica à tese veiculada por Sergio Buarque de Holanda, o qual defendia que, com a instauração da República, a maçonaria teria saído de cena e dando lugar ao ideário positivista. O que foi possível observar ao diferente da perspectiva veiculada por Buarque de Holanda, esse ideário não se efetiva na prática, pois a atuação intelectual dos maçons demonstra a dinâmica e vivacidade que a instituição usufruía ao longo das décadas iniciais da república.
Masones y sociedad en Guatemala, 1871-1903
Authors: Urbina Gaitan Chester Rodolfo
Published: May 2023

Este artículo estudia la conformación de una red masónica en Guatemala, su protagonismo político-económico en la configuración de la sociedad guatemalteca y los principales miembros centroamericanos inscritos en el Registro Masónico del Supremo Consejo Centro Americano entre la instauración de la revolución liberal de 1871 a la fundación de la Gran Logia de Guatemala en 1903. Los masones estudiados pertenecieron a la elite económica, política, militar e intelectual no solo guatemalteca, sino que también centroamericana. Estaban ligados al aparato estatal de sus respectivos países, ya que la mayoría de ellos eran militares, funcionarios públicos y abogados.
Entre el judaísmo y la masonería
Authors: Arteaga Arias Amanda , Lanchidi Peter
Published: May 2023

El artículo aborda una litografía muy detallada y compleja con el título Aperçu de l’Origine du Culte Hébraïque “(Una  aproximación al origen del culto hebreo)”, que fue diseñada y ejecutada en París en 1841 por un rabino húngaro, David Rosenberg. El artículo explica el significado cabalístico de la litografía y su aplicación a la masonería. El esfuerzo de Rosenberg será analizado dentro del contexto histórico masónico más amplio. Se explorarán las razones probables detrás de la reinterpretación de la litografía de una obra judaica a una masónica, incluidos los posibles motivos personales de Rosenberg.
arte cabalístico-masónico del rabino David Rosenberg
Authors: Lanchidi Peter
Published: May 2023

Peter Lanchidi ha defendido su tesis doctoral titulada “The Kabbalistic-Masonic Art of Rabbi David Rosenberg — Jewish Kabbalah and Freemasonry in the Nineteenth Century” en la Universidad Ben Gurion del Negev en Beersheva (Israel), bajo la supervisión del Prof. Boaz Huss (Universidad Ben Gurion) y el Prof. Jean Pierre Brach (École Pratique des Hautes Études), el 30 de agosto de 2022.
Catholic Church and masonry
Authors: Aznar Gil Federico
Published: May 2023

This paper’s approach is eminently canonic: this means, we expose and analyze the current canonic legislation on masonry or, more specifically, on Catholics followers that do not belong to any masonic groups. From there, and as expressed before, we shall discover the theological reasons stated by the Church to justify the penal and disciplinary norm and if the simultaneous belonging to both institutions is theologically compatible. We hope this contributes to a better clarification of the terms in which this dialogue is currently being held.
antimasonerías
Authors: García Robles Marco Antonio , Flores Zavala Marco Antonio
Published: May 2023

Presentación de número especial dedicado a las antimasonerías.
‘English-Medium Instruction Practices in Higher Education: International Perspectives’ Edited by Jim McKinley and Nicola Galloway
Authors: Wingrove Peter
Published: May 2023

English-Medium Instruction Practices in Higher Education: International PerspectivesEdited by Jim McKinley and Nicola Galloway (2022)London: Bloomsbury Academic, 279 pp.
Molecular and genetic characteristics of Nizhny Novgorod Regionepstein–Barr virus isolates in children with infectious mononucleosis and healthy virus carriers
Authors: Popkova Mariia I. , Utkin Oleg V. , Bryzgalova Daria A. , Sakharnov Nikolai A. , Soboleva Evgeniya A. , Kulova Ekaterina A.
Published: May 2023

Numerous foreign studies evidence about a pronounced heterogeneity of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) populationcirculating throughout the world. Various EBV classifications have been proposed. The attention of Russian researchers has focused on the study of the structural and functional polymorphism of the EBV LMP-1 oncogene in the context of oncological diseases in adulthood. The aim of the work was to assess EBV molecular genetic diversity in children with EBV infection in the Nizhny Novgorod region. There were analyzed blood leukocyte and saliva specimens from children aged 117 years with EBV-infectious mononucleosis (n = 69) and sex- and age-matched healthy virus carriers of (n = 32). A total of 178 EBV isolates were studied. For differential detection of EBV-1/EBV-2, we used an optimized one-round PCR variant with electrophoretic detection of amplification products in agarose gel. Nucleotide sequences of the LMP-1gene C-terminal fragment were determined by Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics data analysis was performed using MEGA X software. As a result, during EBV-infectious mononucleosis, only the EBV-1 type was detected in all children, among healthy virus carriers EBV-1 (93.84.3%) and EBV-2 (6.24.3%). Based on the EBV classification according to R.H. Edwards et al. the strain affiliation of EBV isolates was determined. A total of five variants of LMP-1 were identified, namely B95-8, China 1, Med, NC and Alaskan, among which B95-8 dominated. The LMP-1 Med+, China 2, and China 3 variants were not found in any of the studied samples. It has been shown that the region of tandem repeats makes a significant contribution to the genetic diversity of the EBV population. A total of 100 amino acid substitutions were identified, of which the most common in the Nizhny Novgorod region EBV isolates are G212S, S366T, E328Q and S309N. A comparative analysis showed that strains, deletions, repeats, amino acid substitutions in EBV isolates from biological samples in children with infectious mononucleosis had common characteristics with a group of healthy virus carriers. In the active form of EBV infection, the appearance of structurally heterogeneous EBV sequences isolated from blood leukocytes and saliva from a single source was noted. Thus, for the first time, the molecular genetic diversity of EBV in children with various forms of EBV infection was assessed, which is the basis for the prospective development of clinical and epidemiological studies of EBV infection at a new methodological level.
Morphostructural damage to bacterial cells exposed to chlorine-containing derivatives of 5-,6-,7-aminoindoles assessed by scanning electron microscope
Authors: Maseykina Alena A. , Stepanenko Irina S. , Platkova Tatyana N. , Kiryutina Anastasiya I. , Malysheva Vlada S.
Published: May 2023

The cell wall and membranes of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria provide a physical, osmotic, and metabolic barrier between the internal contents of the bacterial cell and the external environment. Observation of changes in the integrity of the bacterial structure using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) can help elucidate the detailed mechanisms of cell death. The aim of the study was to analyze the morphological changes in microbial cells exposed to new compounds with antimicrobial activity chlorine-containing derivatives of 5-,6-,7-aminoindoles using SEM. Methods. The present study was carried out using strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli obtained from patients with nonspecific diseases of the respiratory, urinary tract, and intestines with different sensitivities to traditionally used antimicrobial drugs. Results. As a result, the studied chloromethyl-containing compounds of the indole series showed own biological activity, namely antimicrobial. Control cells were morphologically correct and typical. Statistical analysis of cell surface morphometry in control and experimental samples did not reveal significant changes in size after exposure to compounds with laboratory codes T1, T4, T7 and T12. At the same time, compared with control untreated cells of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli, treatment with chlorine-substituted derivatives of 5-,6-,7-aminoindoles caused obvious morphological changes, which indicates a deteriorated state of the cell wall. Filamentous cells were observed in P. aeruginosa exposure to T7 and T12. The appearance of long filaments may be associated with the stress experienced by the cell after exposure to the compounds under study. It is believed that the formation of such filaments in bacteria under stress conditions results from defects in cell division, especially in the separation of daughter cells. There are data according to which, when DNA synthesis is suppressed, a bacterium changes its morphology, becomes longer, without reaching cell division. Treatment with T1, T7 and T12 resulted in degradation of the P. aeruginosa cell wall, while treatment with T4 caused the formation of pores on the cell surface. In this study, microscopy showed marked morphological changes in the cell walls of S. aureus, which led to deformation of the cell wall under the influence of T1, T4, T7 and T12. Treatment of E. coli T1, T4, T7 and T12 cells at a concentration of 500 g/ml caused cell lysis, although normal cells were also found. The appearance of cellular debris around whole E. coli cells indicates membrane damage, which probably leads to a change in osmotic pressure. Conclusion. The results using SEM confirmed the data on the antimicrobial activity of chlorine-substituted derivatives of 5-,6-,7-aminoindoles.
Optimization of storage conditions for Puumala virus based vaccine
Authors: Vetrova Anna N. , Kurashova Svetlana S. , Teodorovich Rostislav D. , Popova Yulia V. , Blinova Ekaterina A. , Nabatnikov Pavel A. , Tkachenko Evgeny А. , Dzagurova Tamara K.
Published: May 2023

We report the effects of storage conditions and human serum albumin addition to the vaccine composition on the immunogenic properties of an experimental vaccine against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. To obtain an experimental vaccine, the Puumala virus, propagated in Vero cells culture, was concentrated, inactivated with beta-propiolactone, and purified by chromatography on the CaptoCore 700 multimodal sorbent (GE Healthcare). The target component in the vaccine was 20.2 106 of viral RNA copies/ml. The humoral immune response to the vaccine was determined by measuring the neutralizing antibodies in the blood serum of immunized Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). It was revealed that the Puumala virus inactivated with beta-propiolactone induces a pronounced humoral immune response, which indicates preservation of relevant immunogenic epitopes. Аccording to our study, viral RNA is more stable during storage of the inactivated vs. intact virus. It was confirmed that full virus inactivation occurred after 24 hours of storage at 37C. A significant decrease in the virus immunogenicity during the thermal inactivation was noted, which confirms the need for careful selection of storage conditions for thermolabile Hantaviruses. A direct correlation was observed between viral titer and viral RNA copy number/ml. Adding human serum albumin stabilized viral infectivity during storage: Puumala virus titer remained at the same level for 3 months of storage at 62C, whereas without albumin, the titer decreased to undetectable level. The addition of 0.1% human serum albumin to the inactivated virus stabilized its immunogenic properties during long-term storage. It was shown that vaccine preparations with human serum albumin (0.11%) show higher dose-dependent stability upon repeated freezing assessed by detecting viral RNA level and their immunogenicity. It can be assumed that human serum albumin provides better preservation of of viral genetic material during storage, as well the protein epitopes responsible for the protective immune response in the form of neutralizing antibodies induction, undergo less pronounced conformational changes in the presence of albumin. These data support the addition of human serum albumin to the vaccine formulation.
ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: PERCEPÇÕES DE ALUNOS-PROFESSORES DE LETRAS
Authors: Senefonte Fábio Henrique Rosa
Published: May 2023

RESUMO A pandemia de COVID-19 ocasionou diversas mudanças e adaptações em relação ao novo cenário que se estabeleceu. Nesse aspecto, no contexto educacional, uma das principais respostas frente à pandemia foi a implementação do Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) que, apesar de garantir a continuidade das atividades acadêmicas, trouxe alguns desafios aos indivíduos envolvidos (VELOSO; WALESKO; 2020; BIAZOLLI, GREGOLIN; STASSI-SÉ, 2021). Diante de tal panorama, este estudo de caso buscou investigar percepções de seis alunos-professores sobre o estágio supervisionado de língua inglesa em uma universidade estadual, além de identificar impactos positivos e/ou negativos da pandemia no contexto investigado. Os resultados apontam que o estágio é caracterizado por ganhos, dificuldades e expectativas. Adicionalmente, a análise sinaliza uma necessidade de (re)arranjos tangentes a fatores administrativos, curriculares e humanos. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa pode contribuir com a expansão da literatura, bem como promover reflexões sobre o estágio supervisionado, como importante processo na formação de professores de línguas.
Extraction, Characterization, and In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activity of a Neutral Polysaccharide from the New Medicinal Mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis (Agaricomycetes)
Authors: Pan Zhang-Chao , Zhang Yu-Zhuo , Liang Zhi-Qun , Wang Yong , Zeng Nian-Kai
Published: May 2023

Polysaccharides serve as promising ingredients for health-beneficial functional foods, while there were no investigations into the structural characterizations and bioactivities of an edible mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis. In the study, crude polysaccharides from this mushroom were extracted by hot water and isolated by ethanol precipitation. Then, a neutral polysaccharide (named CY-1) was purified from the crude polysaccharide by deproteinization with Sevag reagent, decolorization with a kind of macroporous adsorption resin SP-825, DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography and dialysis. The physicochemical properties of CY-1 were characterized by UV, IR, SEM, NMR, and HPLC analyses. Structural characterizations revealed that CY-1 is a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.06 × 104 Da. CY-1 exhibited a honeycomb structure with an irregular branching shape, and it was composed of mannose, glucose, fucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid, with molar fractions of 54.83%, 25.11%, 10.28% 4.53%, 2.12%, 1.64%, 0.83%, and 0.64%, respectively. In vitro hypoglycemic tests showed that CY-1 had an inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase. In addition, CY-1 of 160 µg/mL promoted glucose consumption in normal HepG2 cells. These results suggested that CY-1 may be a potential hypoglycemic agent.
Early hydration studies of cementitious materials incorporating nanoalumina
Authors: Sharma Usha , Chaudhury Reetam , Singh Lok Pratap , Poon Chi-Sun
Published: May 2023

Concrete technologists use different types of additives such as fly ash, slag, natural pozzolans and nanomaterials toenhance concrete performance and durability. However, a detailed explanation of the early-age hydration process and microstructural modification of concrete in the presence of nanomaterials remains to be presented and extensive research is required for strategic modification of cementitious systems. This study focused on the precise monitoring of early-age hydration with the incorporation of nanoalumina (nAl) in tricalcium silicate (C3S) and Portland cement paste and mortar. The dosage of nAl was varied from 1 to 5% (by weight) in C3S and from 0.1 to 1.0% in Portland cement, with a water/cement ratio of 0.4. The hydration studies showed that the nAl increased the cross-linkage in calcium silicate hydrate gel through substitution of aluminium by silicon, which was responsible for the enhancement of the modulus of elasticity (by 40%) with 1.0% nAl) after 7 days of hydration. In summary, the incorporation of nAl modified the concrete microstructure in the initial days of hydration, leading to higher concrete performance and longer service lives of concrete structures.
CHILDISM (ÇOCUK DÜŞMANLIĞI / ÇOCUKİZM) KAVRAMI VE COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNİN BU BAĞLAMDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: DİKMEN ÖZARSLAN Aylın
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 sürecini çocuklar açısından değerlendirmektir. Ancak bunu yaparken, 2000’lerin başlarından itibaren İngilizce alan yazında sıkça karşımıza çıkan childism kavramını mercek olarak kullanmaktadır. Böylece sınırlı olan çocuk çalışmaları literatürüne bu kavram(lar)ı tanıtmak ve bu kavramların Covid-19 deneyimini değerlendirmede sunduğu olanakları görmek amaçlanmaktadır. Childism kavramı aşağı yukarı aynı zamanda iki düşünür tarafından iki farklı anlamda kullanılmıştır. Bunlardan biri Elisabeth Young-Bruehl’ın, çocuk düşmanlığı olarak kullanacağımız ve toplumsal yaşamın her alanına sızmış olan, fark etmediğimiz hatta normal olarak gördüğümüz çocuğa karşı önyargı, ayrımcılık ve adaletsizliği su yüzüne çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. John Wall’un, çocukizm olarak Türkçeleştireceğimiz kavramı ise çocukların, yetişkinlerle birlikte, yaşadıkları toplumun eş-inşacıları oldukları, sözlerinin ve deneyimlerinin yetişkinlerinki kadar deneyimli olduğu fikrine dayanmaktadır. Toplumda egemen olan normları eleştirerek ve yeniden inşa ederek çocuk-yetişkin karşıtlığını dönüştürmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Her iki kavramda özünde çocukları marjinalleştiren patriyarkal, yetişkinci topluma bir karşı duruş olarak şekillenmektedir. Pandemi dönemi ve salgınla mücadele amaçlı uygulama ve pratikler çocuklar açısından düşünüldüğünde sıklıkla çocuk düşmanlığı kavramı açısından değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışma pandemi döneminin bu açıdan değerlendirilmesini, çocukların yaşlarından dolayı sürekli karşı karşıya kaldıkları adaletsizliği görünür kılmak açısından bir fırsat olarak görmektedir. Genel olarak söylemek gerekirse çocuk düşmanlığı kavramı, çocuklara karşı her türlü önyargılı, ayrımcı, adaletsiz durumların ve pratiklerin tanınması ve tanımlanması için önemli bir araç iken çocukizm, bu önyargı ve adaletsizliğe karşı durabilmek, çocukları güçlendirerek yetişkinlerle aynı şekilde değerlendirilmelerinin sağlanması açısından yol göstermektedir.
“CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNİN İLK MALİ SKANDALI”: İSTANBUL ESNAF BANKASI T.A.Ş.
Authors: AKDAĞ SARI Kader
Published: May 2023

Birinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında İttihat ve Terakki Hükûmetince benimsenen Millî İktisat politikası, Cumhuriyet dönemiyle süreklilik arz etmiş, bankacılığın geliştirilmesi ve millî sermaye birikimi oluşturulması bakımından taşıdığı önem artarak devam etmiştir. Yeni bankaların kurulmasının yanı sıra toplam mevduat ve kredi hacminde yaşanan büyük artışlar, millî bankacılık faaliyetlerini olumlu etkilemiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerindeki yabancı bankaların ülke ekonomisi üzerindeki etkisi, Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında azalırken, 1923-1929 yılları arasında 34 yerli yeni banka kurulmuştur. Yeni kurulan bankalar içerisinde idare merkezi İstanbul olan bankalardan biri de İstanbul Belediyesi’nin teşebbüsü ile 14 Haziran 1925 tarihinde kurulan İstanbul Esnaf Bankası T.A.Ş.’tir. İstanbul esnafının “iktisadi iktidarlarının takviyesi ve mali itibarlarının temini”ni sağlamak amacıyla kurulan İstanbul Esnaf Bankası; bankacılık işlemlerinin yanı sıra, sermayesinin oldukça üzerinde ve kısa sürede daha fazla kazanç elde etmeyi amaçladıkları ticari faaliyetlere yönelmiştir. İşleyişinin, belli bir zümrenin iktisadi menfaatleri çerçevesinde rant odağı haline gelmesiyle, Mart 1935’te faaliyetlerine ara veren İstanbul Esnaf Bankasının, sermayesi kaybolduğu gerekçesiyle 28 Şubat 1938 tarihinde fesih ve tasfiyesine karar verilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı; esnafa kredi vermek amacıyla kurulan İstanbul Esnaf Bankası’nın kuruluş amacından uzaklaşarak tasfiyesine giden süreci değerlendirmektir. Ele alınan dönem; bankanın kurulduğu 1925 yılı ile iflasını açıkladığı 1935 yılları arasını kapsamaktadır.
Farmer's Perception on Asset–Based Approach in Agriculture: A Case Study of Smallholder Wool Farming in Thaba Nchu and Botshabelo, Free State Province, South Africa.
Authors: Ntsiapane A.D. , Swanepoel J.W. , Nesamvuni E.A.
Published: May 2023

The Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development has allocated a budget for projects such as the Blended Finance Scheme to assist in improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers. However, previous research has shown that many projects have failed for several reasons, mostly linked to project management. There is a high probability that many will fail if these challenges are not addressed. The purpose of this study is to incorporate the assets-based approach in farming, which will enable farmers to help themselves. The study was conducted in Thaba Nchu and Botshabelo, Free State province of South Africa. A simple random sampling technique was used to identify the sample size of 351 participants. In conducting this study, a questionnaire was designed to include both open and closed-ended questions and was administered through personal interviews by well-trained enumerators. The data was captured through the EvaSys scanner and was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. The R software was utilised for descriptive statistics in analysing the quantitative data. The results show that a lack of skills and resources has resulted in inefficiencies in sustainable food production, leading to project failures. These findings support the notion that implementing the asset-based approach in farming could improve the efficiency and sustainability of the state's projects and enable farmers to produce more effectively. Therefore, the study recommends that the asset-based approach should be used to improve the state's projects.
Grupos Culturales de Asociacionismo Salesiano Universitario. Historia, eventos y reflexiones
Authors: Cárdenas-Tapia Juan ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Pesántez-Avilés Fernando , Torres-Toukoumidis Ángel , Herrera Cando Doris , Narváez-Encalada Luis Germán , Álvarez-Castro Ronald
Published: May 2023

El Asociacionismo Salesiano Universitario (ASU) en sincronía con el Modelo Educativo de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana es una seña identitaria institucional que ofrece un ambiente de formación teórica-práctica que reivindica una experiencia integral favoreciendo la construcción de una formación profesional y humana. Si bien existen cuatro líneas específicas de los grupos ASU: deportiva, comunicacional, académica y cultural. Esta obra se concentra particularmente en los grupos culturales activos en la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana sirviendo para tres propósitos: 1) documento informativo para motivar la participación de jóvenes dando a conocer objetivos, características y actividades; 2) procurar un aval en este eje orgánico de nuestra institución; 3) presentar un portafolio de grupos para su implicación social. En el siguiente documento institucional se abordan los grupos culturales actuales de Asociacionismo Salesiano Universitario de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana pertenecientes a las sedes Quito, Cuenca y Guayaquil, precisando tres secciones: historia, eventos organizados y reflexiones. De manera concreta: Quito: Muyundi danza ecuatoriana UPS Quito, Grupo de Teatro Paréntesis, Danza Contemporánea 2012, bailes de salón, Bandas Musicales, Coro UPS y Danza Urbana.
Zero-knowledge succinct non-interactive arguments of knowledge based on sets of polynomials
Authors: Martynenkov I. V. ,   JSC KVANT-TELECOM
Published: May 2023

The paper discusses the basic principles of construction and the main types of zeroknowledge succinct non-interactive argument of knowledge (zk-SNARK) which is used in the model of a three-way insecure computing environment and based on sets of polynomials. A number of zk-SNARK cryptographic protocols with different algorithms for generating public parameters (Trusted Setup) are given, constructing succinct proofs of reliability calculations (Prover) and public/designated verification of proofs (Verifier). The cases of satisfying the feasibility of discrete functions (arithmetic/ Boolean circuits) using different polynomial sets are presented in quadratic arithmetic programs (QAP), square arithmetic programs (SAP), quadratic span programs (QSP), square span programs (SSP), quadratic polynomial programs (QPP), etc., also the use of authenticated data are described. The cryptographic transformations needed to build zk-SNARKs based on symmetric and asymmetric hash functions, exponential knowledge problems, digital signatures, homomorphic encryption, bilinear pairings based on elliptic curves, etc. are presented. Examples of multilateral verifiable calculations based on zk-SNARK are given.
An asymptotics for the number of labelled planar tetracyclic and pentacyclic graphs
Authors: Voblyi V. A. ,   Russian Institut for Scientific and Technical Information
Published: May 2023

A connected graph with a cyclomatic number k is said to be a k-cyclic graph. We obtain the formula for the number of labelled non-planar pentacyclic graphs with a given number of vertices, and find the asymptotics of the number of labelled connected planar tetracyclic and pentacyclic graphs with n vertices as n → ∞. We prove that under a uniform probability distribution on the set of graphs under consideration, the probability that the labelled tetracyclic graph is planar is asymptotically equal to 1089/1105, and the probability that the labeled pentacyclic graph is planar is asymptotically equal to 1591/1675.
The Hunt for the Clairvoyant by Anatoly Korolyov: An experience of creating a bestseller
Authors: Zavyalova Elena E. ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: May 2023

The Hunt for the Clairvoyant is an experience of Anatoly Korolyov’s conscious work at the junction of polar genre forms. This article considers the features of mass literature contained in the novel. A significant indicator of book production that is aimed at a wide audience is the possibility of escapism. The effectiveness of this immersion depends on the entertainment potential: the plot should be amusing and should include additional lines. The analyzed work contains a lot of thrilling moments, including several false denouements. Escapist illusiveness is clearly found in the “happy-end philosophy”. Emphasis is placed on the exceptional in the fate of the main characters. The simplicity of text decryption is achieved due to a number of principles, among which cliché situations occupy an important place; the main events are characterized by formulae, many of them are based on mythological elements. Orientation to the unsophisticated reader is shown in the “pedaling” of key details. The combination of dialogic and diegetic forms of presentation helps to increase the impact on the reader. The novel is clearly focused on the action genre. The characters are constantly on the move. Descriptions of fights, shootings, chases make up a significant part of the novel. Many of the characters show superhuman dexterity. Both the “bad” and the “good” use violence. As in many thrillers, the novel tells about a rescue of a young girl, who became a target for murderers. On the mythological level, another of the book’s genre features is revealed: the beautiful Lisa saves the world from destruction. An example of a sociopathic villain, a typical character in this kind of literature, is a misogynistic maniac, who has escaped from a psychiatric hospital. Shocking scenes are characterized by emphasized naturalism. The intrigue, based on the disclosure of malicious intent, associates the novel with a detective story. Korolyov describes the events in a harsh manner that is characteristic of a noir novel. The writer actively uses slang and profanities. A sexual fatal line is introduced into the plot. Implicitly the work has a motif for the hero’s collision with corruption and lawlessness. As in horror literature, the characters in the novel have psychic abilities. One of the most mysterious figures is the sleepwalker Vera; the portrait of the monster evokes a sense of squeamishness, and its actions are disgusted, as destructive aesthetics suggests. The actions of several characters are described as obsessions; animals hunt people and show amazing insight. The clash of so many genres and types of entertainment literature leads to dissonance. Korolyov’s parody of clichés develops into their indirect denial. Through the usual motifs and images, a philosophical subtext emerges. The author’s focus on the word and sign allows defining the Hunt for the Clairvoyant as a semiotic novel with an open structure.
O MEME COMO INVENTIVIDADE METODOLÓGICA NO ENSINO REMOTO PANDÊMICO: POR QUE NÃO?
Authors: Ribeiro Couto Junior Dilton , Medeiros Teixeira Marcelle , Lucía Maddalena Tania
Published: May 2023

Este relato de experiência discute uma possibilidade-inventividade didático-metodológica em turmas de graduação na disciplina eletiva universal Educação e Cibercultura, oferecida no primeiro semestre de 2021 na Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) na modalidade ensino remoto emergencial. Como proposta avaliativa, foi solicitado às/aos estudantes que escolhessem um meme no Museu de Memes e realizassem uma análise articulada com um dos temas tratados na disciplina. Entendemos que os memes fornecem novas entradas de problematização sobre o tempo presente e que essas imagens-dizeres também podem ser objeto de muitas trocas em sala. Diante da proposta de visita ao Webmuseu e das discussões tecidas com a turma, percebemos a importância de inventarmos mais e melhores práticas pedagógicas – não simplesmente porque estivemos ensinando de nossas casas devido à pandemia da COVID-19, mas porque nosso tempo vem exigindo uma educação mais sintonizada com as dinâmicas interativas-colaborativas, próprias do digital em rede.