bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is it about substituting an addiction with another? development and initial psychometric properties of the first heated tobacco products addiction questionnaire (HeaTPAQ)
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Hallit Rabih , Malaeb Diana , Sakr Fouad , Dabbous Mariam , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil
Published: February 2025

Background

Public health experts currently agree that heated tobacco products (HTPs) pose a significant health risk for their consumers. The same concentrations and speed of delivery of nicotine found for HTPs and conventional combustion cigarettes make it necessary to consider the addictiveness of HTPs, and provide precise diagnostic instruments to serve as the basis for effective treatment plans. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to design a questionnaire for HTPs addiction called “Heated Tobacco Products Addiction Questionnaire (HeaTPAQ)” and to examine its psychometric properties.

Methods

Adults from the general population of Lebanon (n = 754) were administered the HeatPAQ, along with the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND), the Caffeine Use Disorder Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. We split the main sample into two subsamples; subsample 1 consisting of 33% of the participants used for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 246; mean age 27.82 ± 9.38 years) and subsample 2 consisting of 67% of the participants used for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 508; mean age 27.81 ± 8.80 years).

Results

EFA then CFA analyses revealed a one-factor model consisting of 13 items with acceptable fit to the data. The HeaTPAQ reached excellent internal consistency coefficients, with both Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω values of 0.96. The one-dimensional structure of the HeaTPAQ was found to be invariant across sex groups. Convergent validity was demonstrated through significant positive correlation with FTND scores. Furthermore, HeaTPAQ scores correlated positively with measures of caffeine addiction, anxiety and depression, which suggests the adequate concurrent validity of the scale.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that the HeatPAQ is a specific, short and simple-to-use self-report questionnaire to assess HTPs addiction reliably and validly. Pending future studies confirming our results, we hope that the HeatPAQ will facilitate routine screening for HTPs addiction, which is an essential step towards appropriate prevention and intervention efforts and to inform policy makers.
TET2 downregulation enhances the antitumor efficacy of CD19 CAR T cells in a preclinical model
Authors: Kim Yeongrin , Jeun Moonjung , Lee Heung Kyoung , Choi Ji U , Park Simon , Park Chi Hoon
Published: February 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in patients with hematologic cancers. However, long-term follow-up studies indicate that only 50% of patients remain in complete remission after three years. To overcome these limitations, we investigated a strategy to enhance the antitumor activity of CAR T cells through gene modification. Based on previous research results demonstrating that CAR T cells with disrupted TET2, a methylcytosine dioxygenase, exhibit enhanced antitumor effects compared to conventional CAR T, we developed CAR T cells in which TET2 is downregulated by TET2 shRNA. Among the screened TET2-specific shRNAs, TET2-shRNA-1 was identified as the most effective sequence for gene silencing. Using this sequence, we constructed an all-in-one vector co-expressing CD19 CAR and TET2 shRNA. In vitro studies demonstrated that TET2 knockdown CD19 CAR T cells exhibited comparable cytolytic activity against CD19-positive cancer cells compared to conventional CD19 CAR T cells. However, interestingly, in xenograft mouse model using NSG mice, TET2 knockdown CAR T cells showed significantly improved antitumor activity compared to conventional CAR T cells. Our study demonstrates that shRNA-mediated knockdown of TET2 is a promising strategy to enhance the antitumor activity of CD19 CAR T cells in a preclinical model.
Suppression of CYLD by HER3 confers ovarian cancer platinum resistance via inhibiting apoptosis and by inducing drug efflux
Authors: Zhang Ye , Qiu Jian-Ge , Wang Wei , Sun Fan-Li , Wang Xue , Liu Wen-Jing , Jia Xiao-Yu , Ji Hongbin , Wang Lin , Jiang Bing-Hua
Published: February 2025

Background

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most pathogenic gynecological malignant tumor in the world. Due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, most of patients developed chemo-resistance and recurrence during/after chemotherapy.

Methods

CCK8 and flow cytometry were utilized to assess drug sensitivity and apoptosis in parental and drug resistant cell lines. CYLD knockdown or overexpressed cells were employed to investigate its regulatory involvement in DDP resistance. Clinical tumor samples have been utilized to investigate the clinical relevance of CYLD. The drug synergistic effects were investigated through drug combination methods and a nude mice model with ABCB1 inhibitor or HER3 inhibitor.

Results

In this study, we found that CYLD levels were significantly reduced in DDP-resistant cancer tissues and cells compared to the normal tissues and cells. CYLD knockdown in DDP-sensitive cells was sufficient to converse the cells to become DDP resistant by reducing cell apoptosis through increasing Bcl-XL and inhibiting Bax, and by increasing drug efflux via upregulating ABCB1 expression. HER3 expression levels were substantially higher in resistant cancer tissues and cells, and HER3 was the upstream facilitator of suppressing CYLD expression via STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, overexpression of CYLD in resistant cells increased sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy both in vitro and in vivo. ABCB1 was a key downstream target of CYLD for regulating tumor growth and therapeutic resistance both in vitro and in vivo, CYLD knockdown promoted the translocation of p65 to nucleus which increased ABCB1 expression through transcriptional activation. High expression levels of HER3 rendered CYLD suppression, consequently, mediated DDP resistance by blocking cell apoptosis pathways and promoting the drug efflux in ovarian cancer.

Conclusions

Our findings identify novel HER3/CYLD/ABCB1 axis that regulate tumor growth and DDP resistance, which may be used as potential novel therapeutic target(s) to overcome ovarian cancer DDP resistance.
How do non-independent host movements affect spatio-temporal disease dynamics? Partitioning the contributions of spatial overlap and correlated movements to transmission risk
Authors: Vargas Soto Juan S. , Kosiewska Justin R. , Grove Dan , Metts Dailee , Muller Lisa I. , Wilber Mark Q.
Published: February 2025

Background

Despite decades of epidemiological theory making relatively simple assumptions about host movements, it is increasingly clear that non-random movements drastically affect disease transmission. To better predict transmission risk, theory is needed that quantifies the contributions of both fine-scale host space use and non-independent, correlated host movements to epidemiological dynamics.

Methods

We developed and applied new theory that quantifies relative contributions of fine-scale space use and non-independent host movements to spatio-temporal transmission risk. Our theory decomposes pairwise spatio-temporal transmission risk into two components: (i) spatial overlap of hosts—a classic metric of spatial transmission risk – and (ii) pairwise correlations in space use – a component of transmission risk that is almost universally ignored. Using analytical results, simulations, and empirical movement data, we ask: under what ecological and epidemiological conditions do non-independent movements substantially alter spatio-temporal transmission risk compared to spatial overlap?

Results

Using theory and simulation, we found that for directly transmitted pathogens even weak pairwise correlations in space use among hosts can increase contact and transmission risk by orders of magnitude compared to independent host movements. In contrast, non-independent movements had reduced importance for transmission risk for indirectly transmitted pathogens. Furthermore, we found that if the scale of pathogen transmission is smaller than the scale where host social decisions occur, host movements can be highly correlated but this correlation matters little for transmission. We applied our theory to GPS movement data from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Our approach predicted highly seasonally varying contributions of the spatial and social drivers of transmission risk – with social interactions augmenting transmission risk between hosts by greater than a factor of 10 in some cases, despite similar degrees of spatial overlap. Moreover, social interactions could lead to a distinct shift in the predicted locations of transmission hotspots, compared to joint space use.

Conclusions

Our theory provides clear expectations for when non-independent movements alter spatio-temporal transmission risk, showing that correlated movements can reshape epidemiological landscapes, creating transmission hotspots whose magnitude and location are not necessarily predictable from spatial overlap.
From pox to protection: understanding Monkeypox pathophysiology and immune resilience
Authors: Ganesan Alagammai , Arunagiri Thirumalai , Mani Suganandhini , Kumaran Vamsi Ravi , Kannaiah Kanaka Parvathi , Chanduluru Hemanth Kumar
Published: February 2025

The Monkeypox virus (MPXV), which causes Monkeypox (Mpox) is an invasive ailment with global implications. MPXV, categorized within the Orthopoxvirus genus, exhibits diverse clades with varying fatality rates. Initially discovered in monkeys and later in humans, the disease predominantly affects regions across West and Central Africa. Clinical manifestations encompass a spectrum from mild flu-like symptoms to severe eruptions. This article aims to give the scientific community a comprehensive overview of Mpox Pathophysiology and delve into the intricate landscape of host immune responses against MPXV infection. It offers crucial insights into the virus's Pathophysiology, spanning its entry, replication, dissemination, and elicited host responses. The immune reaction to Mpox involves innate immunity, B-cell immunity, and T-cell immunity. Moreover, this review underscores the immunological response and resistance mechanisms against MPXV. It also highlights imperative research areas warranting prioritization to devise more efficacious treatments for controlling viral propagation within healthcare systems. In addition, it gives us a look into possible futures that could help the progress of immunotherapies and cutting-edge biotechnological solutions for protecting against MPXV.
Health system reform in the context of COVID-19: a policy brief outlining lessons from Ireland’s journey towards the goal of universal healthcare
Authors: Parker Sarah , Schulmann Katharine , Bruen Carlos , Burke Sara
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unique challenges and opportunities for health system reform globally. In Ireland, this period coincided with the early stages of the Sláintecare reform plan, a core goal of which is to establish universal healthcare. This policy brief synthesises key research findings from 13 studies carried out under the Foundations research programme to harness key learnings from the pandemic response for health system change. The analysis reveals how the COVID-19 crisis accelerated health system reforms in Ireland, breaking from a history of incremental change to implement rapid innovations towards universal healthcare. While a ‘new normal’ has emerged, the challenge remains to integrate these rapid developments into enduring health system improvements under evolving governance and leadership in the COVID-19 context. Three significant implications for health systems research and policy are identified: 1) Political consensus is essential for sustained health system reform, particularly during crises; 2) Adaptive health systems that can transform challenges into reform opportunities are crucial; and 3) Co-production in research enhances policy acceptability and implementation by aligning it with real-world complexities. Leveraging these pandemic-driven insights will be key to ensuring that the swift adaptations and lessons learned will transition into lasting elements of Ireland’s health system.
Advanced spectroscopic techniques for body fluid identification: complementing conventional methods
Authors: Joon Vandana , Dhankar Vijay , Chauhan Tanya , Verma Satish Kumar
Published: February 2025

Background

Body fluids (BFs) are highly important in forensically relevant scenarios. Historically, conventional techniques have been used for their identification and detection purposes. However, there is no conventional technology available that can detect a mixture of body fluids in one go.

Main body

There is a need for an advanced confirmatory technique that can reliably detect all types of body fluids even in trace forms, whether in pure form or in mixture form. The discussed spectroscopic techniques include raman spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FTIR), mass spectroscopy (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR).

Conclusions

These reviewed techniques have proven to be advanced, confirmatory, mostly non-destructive, sensitive, reliable, and reproducible techniques in body fluid identification when combined with advanced statistical analysis and available reference databases. 1H NMR spectroscopy can be an emerging versatile technique with wide-ranging forensic applications. The progressive research related to these advanced techniques can revolutionize the field of forensics.
Assessment of eucalyptus oil integrated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for controlling postharvest soft rot in Citrus sinensis fruits induced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Aspergillus niger
Authors: Adeogun Oluwagbenga Oluwasola , Oluwa Omoteso Karfeel , Nejo Ayorinde Olufunke , Salami Simbiat Oduneye , Egwu Patience Chileenwa , Adekunle Adedotun Adeyinka
Published: February 2025

Background

The demand for oranges remains unsatisfied due to low market yields, often attributed to postharvest diseases. Addressing this issue necessitates the exploration of natural antimicrobials as alternatives to synthetic preservatives to ensure safety and extend shelf life.

Methodology

This study investigated the efficacy of carboxymethyl cellulose integrated with eucalyptus oil in mitigating postharvest soft rot in Citrus sinensis fruits induced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Aspergillus niger. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was employed to identify eucalyptus oil phytoconstituents. In-vitro and in-vivo assays were conducted to assess the coating’s antifungal properties and quality parameters (weight loss, antioxidant activities, pH, total soluble solids, water activity, firmness, and electrical conductivity) over 20 days. The impacts of the coating on the catalase and peroxidase activities in orange fruits were also evaluated.

Results

GC/MS analysis revealed eucalyptol (76.60%) as the predominant constituent in eucalyptus oil. The study confirmed C. gloeosporioides and A. niger as causative agents of soft rot in orange fruits. Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose with eucalyptus oil positively influenced orange fruit quality parameters, including weight loss, antioxidant activities, pH, total soluble solids, water activity, firmness, and electrical conductivity, while enhancing antioxidant enzymatic activities.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the efficacy of the carboxymethyl cellulose-eucalyptus oil coating as a potentially cost-effective approach to improving the safety, control of postharvest diseases, and quality of orange fruits.
Apoptotic effects of crude muscle extract from marine pufferfish Chelonodon patoca against human cancer cell lines
Authors: Sekar Niranjni , Valayapathi Rajasekar , Azhagudurai Aarthi , Durai Prabhu , Selvakumar Shiva Shakthi , Chinnasamy Arulvasu
Published: February 2025

Background

The global establishment of cancer registries has prompted a hunt for innovative medications that destroy cancer but not healthy cells. Researchers are currently searching marine environments for new anticancer drugs. Modern chemotherapy uses numerous compounds of aquatic origin. These substances exhibit cytotoxic characteristics through various methods, including DNA damage, apoptosis induction, and growth suppression of cancerous cells. The discovery and development of novel anticancer agents from abundant marine fish is generating increasing interest. The objective of this present study is to extract and assess the anti-proliferative effect of a crude muscle extract from marine pufferfish on human cancer cell lines.

Methods

The biochemical constituents, protein profile, and anticancer activities of the prepared crude muscle extract were analysed using standard methods on human cancer cell lines (HT-29, MDA-MB-231, A-549, and AGS).

Results

The biochemical contents, such as protein (7.19 ± 0.20 mg/mL), lipid (1.56 ± 0.14 mg/mL), and carbohydrate (1.19 ± 0.09 mg/mL), were quantitatively analysed. Native PAGE and SDS-PAGE qualitatively analysed the protein profiles, revealing distinct protein bands with molecular weights ranging from 220 to 14 kDa. The crude muscle extract was screened for its cytotoxicity (vero) and cell viability (HT-29, MDA-MB-231, A-549, and AGS) against human cancer cell lines by the MTT assay method. The nuclear morphological changes of the apoptotic cells were stained using propidium iodide, and the morphological changes associated with apoptosis were assessed using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescence staining. The intensity of the mitochondrial membrane potential of the treated cells was measured using the Rh-123 stain, and the results of the DNA fragmentation assay showed that the crude muscle extract-treated cells showed DNA damage, which is indicative of apoptosis.

Conclusions

This preliminary study supports that the crude muscle extract from milk spotted marine pufferfish, C. patoca has strong anticancer properties. This implies potential for the development of more effective anticancer drugs in future.

Graphical abstract
Assessment of myocardial work in sarcomere gene mutation carriers, healthy controls and overt nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pires Carla Marques , Joy George , Triantafyllou Miltiadis , Monteiro Ricardo Prista , Ferreira Ana , Savvatis Konstantinos , Lopes Luis Rocha
Published: February 2025

Background

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined by unexplained hypertrophy and often characterized by diastolic and systolic dysfunction. HCM patients are known to have impaired left ventricular (LV) myocardial work (MW), a more load-independent parameter compared to global longitudinal strain (GLS). We hypothesized that impaired MW might occur in sarcomere mutation carriers without LV hypertrophy.

Methods and results

A single centre study with a case-control design. Patients with overt nonobstructive HCM and a causal sarcomere gene variant (n = 44), carriers (n = 51) and age and sex matched (to the carriers) healthy controls (n = 32) underwent a transthoracic echocardiogram including myocardial deformation analysis to calculate GLS and MW. Global work index (GWI) (1695 ± 332mmHg% vs. 1881.50 ± 490mmHg%, p = 0.001) and global constructive work (GCW) (2017.78 ± 323.05mmHg% vs. 2329.31 ± 485.44 mmHg%, p = 0.002) were lower in sarcomere mutation carriers compared to controls. LV ejection fraction and GLS were similar between these two groups. GWI (1209 ± 735mmHg% vs. 1695 ± 332mmhg%, p < 0.001), GCW (1456 ± 703mmHg% vs. 1993 ± 389mmHg%, p < 0.001), global wasted work (GWW) (117 ± 148mmHg% vs. 96 ± 69mmHg%, p = 0.006) and global work efficiency (GWE) (89 ± 7% vs. 95 ± 3%, p < 0.001)] were worse in overt non-obstructive HCM patients.

Conclusion

We show for the first time that MW indexes were significantly worse in sarcomere mutation carriers compared to controls, suggesting that MW is more sensitive to early changes than GLS and could have a significant role in the evaluation and follow-up of carriers.
Transdiagnostic use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted therapy to treat obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Saade Ziad , Keuroghlian Alex S.
Published: February 2025

This article explores the potential of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy to enhance exposure and response prevention in obsessive–compulsive disorder treatment. We discuss the mechanisms of MDMA, including fear extinction, psychological flexibility, and empathogenic effects that may improve adherence and efficacy, as well as highlighting important safety considerations for further research.
Impact of Technology on Quality of Thoracic Multidisciplinary Cancer Conferences
Authors: Ibekwe Opuruiche , Gaudioso Carmelo , Attwood Kristopher M. , Pokharel Saraswati , Roche Charles L. , Nwogu Chukwumere E.
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE

Complex cancers require discussion at multidisciplinary cancer conferences (MCCs) to determine the best management. This study assessed the impact of a tumor board (TB)–specific information technology platform on the quality of information presented, case discussions, and care plans at thoracic MCCs.

METHODS

Between September 2020 and February 2022, using a before-after study design, we prospectively collected data through direct observation of thoracic MCCs at an academic cancer center. In addition, we reviewed medical records to assess the rate of change in care plans, compliance of all care plans with national guidelines, concordance of treatment received with MCC recommendations, and time from MCC presentation to treatment. Observational data were collected using a validated tool, Metric for the Observation of Decision-Making. We used SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC) for statistical analyses.

RESULTS

We identified 151 and 166 thoracic cancer cases before and after implementation of the information technology platform, respectively. The overall quality of case presentation and discussion, represented by a mean composite score (summation of individual variables scored on a 1-5 scale, poor to excellent), increased from 56.8 to 82.0 (
P
< .001). This improvement was also observed across multiple subcomponents of the composite score all with
P
< .001. There was no statistically significant difference between the two cohorts in rate of change in care plans by the MCC, care plan compliance with national guidelines, and concordance of treatment received with MCC recommendations.

CONCLUSION

Technology improves the quality of information and discussion at TBs. However, this study did not demonstrate an impact on compliance with practice guidelines. Practitioners should explore the available TB technology platforms to optimize the conduct of MCCs in their respective institutions.
Development of an Affordable Silicone Phantom of The Kidney with 3D Printed Mould for Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Training in Indonesia
Authors: Hendarmo Rananda Anggakara , Birowo Ponco , Rasyid Nur , Wahyudi Irfan , Situmorang Gerhard Reinaldi , Atmoko Widi , Desai Mahesh Ramanlal , Yonathan Kevin , Swannjo Jonathan Pratama
Published: February 2025

Objective To develop an affordable kidney phantom for ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy training model. Methods Twenty one kidney models were manufactured and implemented as ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) training models for urologists without any prior experience of independently performing PCNL in Indonesia. The unit cost of an alternative model was less than 30 USD (IDR 450,000). Twenty one junior with no prior experience of performing ultrasound guided PCNL participated in the research. The evaluation was done through anonymous responses to a questionnaire using the Likert scale. Result The affordable PCNL model showed highly positive results among all participants (realistic anatomy 7.86/10, realistic visualization of calyx 8.19/10, realistic puncture 7.43/10, guidewire placement 8.19/10, realistic nephrostomy 7.57/10, stone visualization 7.76/10, feedback 7.52/10, post-training discussion 8.57/10). All of the participants recommended the affordable PCNL model phantom for ultrasound guided PCNL training in Indonesia. Conclusion An affordable model utilizing 3D printed mould, silicone, and gelatine jelly is a feasible option for ultrasound guided PCNL training among urologists in developing countries. The utilization of 3D printing and silicone moulding will be beneficial in reducing the cost of surgery model while preserving the realistic tactile feedback.
RxTrends: An R-based Shiny Application for Visualising Open Data on Prescribed Medications in Ireland
Authors: Hassan Ali Ahmed , Flood Michelle , Kirke Ciara , Mattsson Molly , Walsh Mary E. , Wallace Emma , Corrigan Derek , Fahey Tom , Boland Fiona , Moriarty Frank
Published: February 2025

Background The Health Service Executive (HSE) in Ireland releases monthly reports on prescription dispensing claims and payments relating to community drug schemes. This paper describes the implementation of an R-based Shiny application that facilitates user-friendly visualisation and analysis of trends in medication prescribing and improves the data’s practical value, and presents use cases focused on drug utilisation and medication policy questions. Methods Using Primary Care Reimbursement Service (PCRS) data provided by the HSE relating to the means-tested General Medical Services (GMS) scheme covering approximately one-third of the population, an R-based Shiny application was developed. This application uses monthly prescribing and cost data from 2016 up to the most recent data available (currently October 2024) relating to the 100 most commonly prescribed medications (by frequency and cost) and all therapeutic groups. The application leverages a range of R packages to enable users to select medications, therapeutic groups, and physiological systems to explore and compare prescribing and cost trends over time. Results The RxTrends Shiny application effectively integrates PCRS data, providing multiple functionalities that allow for visualisation of dispensing trends of multiple medications, therapeutic groups and physiological systems. Graphs are available across multiple prescribing frequency and cost metrics and can be restricted to a selected time period. The ‘compare’ function visualises the proportion of prescribing/cost a selected medication or therapeutic group accounts for within a therapeutic group or physiological system. Use cases relating to Ireland’s Preferred Drug Initiative, availability of generic products and reference pricing, and seasonality of drug utilisation are presented. Conclusion The application provides a user-friendly way for stakeholders to visualise and monitor prescribing patterns using data from monthly PCRS reports. The application increases access to and usability of PCRS data for various audiences for whom it may be of interest, including researchers, healthcare professionals, policymakers and the general public.
Genus-level review of pocket gophers in the family Geomyidae
Authors: Álvarez-Castañeda Sergio Ticul , Segura-Trujillo Cintya A.
Published: February 2025

Pocket gophers (Geomyidae) comprise a well-studied family at the species level but need an updated revision at the generic level because studies of each genus have applied different data sets and different criteria for recognizing distinct taxa. Pocket gophers thrive from temperate Canada south to Panama and Colombia, where they inhabit various habitats, including temperate forests, prairies, steppes, hot and cold deserts, and subtropical and tropical areas. The taxonomy at the genus and species levels underwent many changes in the early twenty-first century due to use of different sequencing methodologies. This article builds upon those analyses to review genus-level relationships within the Geomydae. Specifically, we analyzed the sequences available in Genbank for members of the family Geomyidae (Cytb for 47 species and COI for 33 species). We conducted different phylogenetic analyses; in all cases, genera were classified into monophyletic groups associated with the tribes Geomyini and Thomomyini. In the Thomomyini, the genus Thomomys was recognized with two genera, Megascapheus and Thomomys, which are more genetically distinct than many other genera. In the Geomyini, each genus and subgenus are distinct monophyletic groups with very strong support and large p-distances. The Mississippi River appears to function as an important geographic barrier within Geomys, with marked genetic differentiation between populations on the eastern and western sides of the river. Collectively, our analyses based on mtDNA sequences suggest that a more detailed revision employing multiple data sets is needed for the genera within the Geomyidae.
Audio Feature Analysis and Selection for Deception Detection in Court Proceedings
Authors: Mafazy Muhammad Meftah , Fatichah Chastine , Yuniarti Anny
Published: February 2025

Deception detection is a method to determine whether a person is lying or not. One lie detector is a polygraph that measures human physiology, such as pulse and blood pressure. However, polygraphs have a problem in that they cannot be measured based on human psychology, such as speech and intonation. Therefore, audio deception detection is required, and this can be measured based on human psychology. This research will extract audio features, such as the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coeffi-cient (MFCC), Jitter, Fundamental Frequency (F0), and Perceptual Linear Prediction (PLP), from the Real-Life Trial dataset, which comprises 121 audio data. From the extraction results in the form of numerical data totaling 6387 features, various feature-selection methods are employed, such as Feature Importance (FI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Information Gain, Chi-Square, and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE). After feature selection, the selected features are input to machine learning models, such as random forest and support vector machine (SVM). After model testing, metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were evaluated, as well as statistical evaluation, to assess the developed model. Results from this experiment show that the deception detection model is improved after a feature selection process to reduce irrelevant features. Comparing the accuracy, Chi-Square achieves a significantly higher result, reaching up to 92% with an improvement of 24.32%, surpassing the SVM model's accuracy of 67.57% before feature selection. In contrast, the RFE technique yielded the best accuracy of 86%, with an increase of 13.52%, building upon its baseline accuracy of 72.97%.
Enhancing Face Detection Performance In 360-Degree Video Using Yolov8 with Equirectangular Augmentation Techniques
Authors: Ardy Rizky Damara , Yuniarti Anny , Sari Christy Atika
Published: February 2025

This study aims to enhance face detection performance in 360-degree videos by utilizing advanced image augmentation techniques with the YOLOv8 algorithm, which is effective for real-time object detection. Acknowledging the unique challenges posed by equirectangular projection, this research introduces a novel equirectangular augmentation method specifically designed for this medium. Our findings demonstrate a remarkable 1.346% improvement in detection accuracy in Equirectangular Projection (ERP) settings compared to default YOLOv8 augmentation strategies. This significant enhancement not only addresses the geometric distortions inherent in panoramic video formats but also emphasizes the critical need for tailored augmentation approaches to improve face detection in complex environments. By showcasing the effectiveness of these customized methods, this research contributes to the growing field of deep learning applications for immersive video technologies, with implications for sectors like security, virtual reality, and interactive media. Ultimately, this work highlights the potential of innovative augmentation techniques to ensure robust face detection in challenging visual contexts.
Potensi dan Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Tangkai Cengkeh sebagai Obat Kumur di Desa Pegayaman, Kecamatan Sukasada, Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali
Authors: Tricahya Krishna , Purnama Della , Alhail Hadi , Rubijanto Vincencius Jovan , Zahrah Aprilia Sadatul , Musthafa Akram
Published: February 2025

Cengkeh merupakan tanaman rempah tradisional yang memiliki aroma khas dan sudah digunakan ribuan tahun sebelum masehi. Tangkai cengkeh memiliki kandungan senyawa eugenol yang bersifat antibakteri dapat mencegah pembentukan plak atau karies gigi. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengenai pencegahan bau mulut dengan obat kumur alami dan cara pembuatannya secara sederhana kepada masyarakat sehingga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian dan pilar kesehatan secara mandiri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat kualitatif (terjun lapang untuk pengambilan data), studi kasus, dan partisipatif tunggal (tanaman cengkeh). Pengabdian Masyarakat ini dilakukan di Desa Pegayaman, Kecamatan Sukasada, Kabupaten Buleleng, Provinsi Bali selama 6 hari. Target yang dicapai yaitu 17 ibu-ibu PKK Desa Pegayaman. Profil masyarakat ini tepat untuk mendapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan penguatan keterampilan yang berguna untuk peningkatan kualitas hidup. Data hasil penelitian menunjukkan sangat mudah dalam pembuatan obat kumur, 41,2% merasa sangat baik dan baik dapat diterima oleh warga, dan 70,2% merasa baik setelah menggunakan obat kumur. Meskipun telah banyak diketahui khasiat cengkeh, pemanfaatan dan pembuatan obat kumur dari tangkai cengkeh perlu disosialisasikan kepada warga untuk kesehatan mulut.
Peningkatan Kapabilitas Guru dan Siswa SMA di Yayasan Pendidikan Pesantren Zainul Hasan Genggong untuk Menghadapi Olimpiade Sains Kabupaten (OSK) bidang Matematika dan Informatika di Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Fahim Kistosil , Subiono Subiono , Imron Chairul , Herisman Iis , Usadha I Gst Ngr Rai , Soleha Soleha , Mufid Muhammad Syifa'ul
Published: February 2025

Pelatihan yang diadakan untuk guru matematika dan siswa SMA di Yayasan Pendidikan Pesantren Zainul Hasan Genggong (PPZHG) bertujuan memperdalam pemahaman konsep-konsep mata pelajaran Matematika, dengan fokus khusus pada bagaimana guru dan siswa mampu menyelesaikan soal-soal Olimpiade Sains Kabupaten (OSK) di bidang Matematika dan Informatika. Program pelatihan ini dilaksanakan secara luring sesuai dengan jadwal yang telah disusun oleh yayasan. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa 1) para guru mampu menyalurkan materi yang mereka terima kepada murid-muridnya, dan 2) siswa yang mengikuti pelatihan dapat berbagi ilmu dengan teman sebayanya serta adik-adik kelas mereka. Sasaran utama dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan kemampuan peserta dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal OSK Matematika dan Informatika, yang ditunjukkan melalui hasil post-test yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pre-test.
Pelatihan Daur Ulang Logam Aluminium Tungku CILOK “Cinta Lingkungan Kelola Rongsok” Bagi Masyarakat Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Putra Infantri , Ardian Fahny , Silvia Astrid , Aliifatuzzalfa Hansa
Published: February 2025

Kota Bandung menjadi salah satu kota besar yang ada di Indonesia tak luput dari timbunan sampah barang bekas, salah satunya limbah kaleng minuman. Dalam jumlah banyak, limbah kaleng minuman dapat berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan proses daur ulang yang tepat untuk mengelola limbah kaleng bekas, salah satunya proses daur ulang dengan peleburan dan membuat produk ingot yang bernilai jual lebih tinggi dibanding kaleng bekas itu sendiri. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk memberikan edukasi, sosialisasi, dan transfer teknologi dalam pengolahan daur ulang limbah bekas kaleng minuman yang mempunyai kadar aluminium tinggi, sehingga dapat meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu sosialisasi dan edukasi tentang manfaat aluminium sampai proses daur ulang dari limbah kaleng bekas, demonstrasi peleburan hingga pencetakan aluminium ingot, dan evaluasi kegiatan yang berisi tanya jawab antara warga Desa Lengkong dengan tim PKM. Terselenggarakannya kegiatan PKM ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi limbah kaleng bekas minuman yang tidak dapat terurai, juga dapat membuka lapangan usaha baru ataupun sampingan yang dapat meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Lengkong, Bojongsoang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Kabupaten Bandung menjadi salah satu kota besar yang ada di Indonesia tak luput dari timbunan sampah barang bekas, salah satunya limbah kaleng minuman. Dalam jumlah banyak, limbah kaleng minuman dapat berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan proses daur ulang yang tepat untuk mengelola limbah kaleng bekas, salah satunya proses daur ulang dengan peleburan dan membuat produk ingot yang bernilai jual lebih tinggi dibanding kaleng bekas itu sendiri. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk memberikan edukasi, sosialisasi, dan transfer teknologi dalam pengolahan daur ulang limbah bekas kaleng minuman yang mempunyai kadar aluminium tinggi, sehingga dapat meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Kabupaten Bandung. Pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu sosialisasi dan edukasi tentang manfaat aluminium sampai proses daur ulang dari limbah kaleng bekas, demonstrasi peleburan hingga pencetakan aluminium ingot, dan evaluasi kegiatan yang berisi tanya jawab antara warga Desa Lengkong dengan tim PKM. Terselenggaranya kegiatan PKM ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi limbah kaleng bekas minuman yang tidak dapat terurai, juga dapat membuka lapangan usaha baru ataupun sampingan yang dapat meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Lengkong, Bojongsoang, Kabupaten Bandung.
Keeping well with dementia: supporting the person with dementia to function to capacity
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: February 2025

Nearly a million people are living with dementia in the UK, and less than 65% of them have been formally diagnosed according to the Alzheimer's Society. Dementia exists on a continuum and people can have mild, moderate or severe symptoms. People with dementia are more likely to experience health problems than people of the same age who do not have dementia. Dementia affects the ability to understand and relate to the world and to manage health conditions. This article discusses how to a person with dementia can be helped to maintain health and enjoy the best possible quality of life.
Barriers to adapting to life with a stoma
Authors: Burch Jennie
Published: February 2025

Adapting to life with a stoma presents various challenges, including physical, social and psychological barriers. A lack of confidence, inadequate knowledge and concerns about appliance management can impact a person's ability to live comfortably with a stoma. Community nurses play a vital role in supporting individuals by providing education, guidance on stoma care and signposting to relevant resources. Ensuring the correct stoma appliance, addressing peristomal skin issues, and encouraging physical activity and dietary adjustments are key aspects of care. Social reintegration is equally important, as fear of leakage or stigma can lead to isolation. Community nurses can help patients gradually regain confidence in daily activities. Specialist input from stoma care nurses is valuable for complex cases. By offering reassurance and practical advice, community nurses can facilitate a smoother transition, empowering individuals to lead fulfilling lives post-stoma formation.
Abdominal tuberculosis with pancreatic head involvement mimicking pancreatic malignancy in a young man: A case report
Authors: Ma Lei , Wang Kun-Peng , Jin Chong
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic tuberculosis (PTB) is a rare disease, even in immunocompetent hosts. Abdominal tuberculosis involving the pancreatic head and peripancreatic areas may simulate pancreatic head carcinoma.

CASE SUMMARY

We present the case of a 32-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital for intermittent epigastric pain and weight loss. A computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass in the head of the pancreas. The lesion was initially diagnosed as pancreatic head carcinoma on abdominal imaging. Laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of PTB and the patient received antituberculosis therapy.

CONCLUSION

The present case is reported to emphasize the importance of including PTB in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic lesions.
María Zambrano y Octavio Paz, un cuadro de categorías vitales: soledad y fracaso
Authors: Sánchez Benítez Roberto
Published: February 2025

Se estudia el momento de la corta estancia de María Zambrano en Morelia con el objetivo de analizar la relación que la pensadora malagueña mantuvo con Octavio Paz, a quien conocía desde 1938. Una relación de reconocimiento mutuo que tendrá lugar a partir de dos temas importantes, la soledad y el fracaso, dentro de la reflexión de los "estudios hispánicos", compartida por ellos, y en el momento clave del inicio del exilio de la pensadora y de su obra luminosa.
María Zambrano: confluencias en Cuba. A propósito de Nicolás de Cusa
Authors: Elizalde Frez María I.
Published: February 2025

A través de las cartas intercambiadas entre María Zambrano y José Lezama Lima, se busca comprender la terminología hermética de Nicolás de Cusa que estos autores utilizan para referirse a la creación tanto filosófica como literaria. Partiendo de la hipótesis de que el interés por Nicolás de Cusa estriba para ambos en que describió un método epistemológico para captar aquello que permanece invisible de la realidad, la coincidencia de opuestos, se desarrollan en este artículo las cuatro proposiciones principales del cusano, relacionándolas con Heráclito de Éfeso para mostrar hasta qué punto la corriente hermética influye en la construcción intelectual compartida de Lezama y Zambrano.
isla como lugar de exilio: improntas caribeñas en el camino filosófico-vital de María Zambrano
Authors: López Arranz Borja
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se recorren los pasos de María Zambrano en suprimer exilio latinoamericano,poniendo especial atención a suestancia en Puerto Rico y Cuba.Tras rastrear las huellas que estasislas dejan en Zambrano, así comolas que ella deja en dichas islas,se profundiza en la concepciónzambraniana de la isla como lugarde exilio —recurrente en variosperíodos de su obra—, para acabarproponiendo una suerte de teologíapolítica insular en la que serestituya la voz de las víctimas de la historia sacrificial.
María Zambrano en Morelia. Generatividad entre filosofía y poesía
Authors: López Sáenz Mari Carmen
Published: February 2025

En los nueve meses de 1939 que María Zambrano estuvo exiliada en la ciudad de Morelia (Michoacán, México), escribió dos de sus obras fundamentales: Pensamiento y poesía en la vida española y Filosofía y poesía. Este trabajo se centra en ellas y busca una explicación a esta fecundidad que tuvo lugar en el marco de las dificultades personales y académicas atravesadas por la escritora durante esa etapa. Y al mismo tiempo pretende aplicar la estructura de la generatividad, que la fenomenología descubre como relación de sentido entre lo familiar y lo extraño, al exilio y a la generatividad poiética de la razón zambraniana.
La neurociencia cognitiva en el pensamiento matemático en las fases 2 y 3 de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana
Authors: Díaz-Cabriales Alejandro
Published: February 2025

La implementación del modelo educativo de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana ha desvelado una serie de áreas de oportunidad de desarrollo para el conocimiento pedagógico en el sistema educativo de México. Uno de ellos es la inclusión de los conocimientos neurocientíficos en la práctica docente de los maestros en el país. La presente investigación documental tiene el objetivo de ofrecer a los docentes de educación preescolar y primaria una serie de descubrimientos empíricos sobre el funcionamiento del cerebro y su relación con el fenómeno neurobiológico del aprendizaje, pero sobre todo con la influencia que tienen esos procesos cognitivos en el desarrollo del pensamiento matemático en los niños.
Enfocament restauratiu global, convivència i èxit a l’Escola La Mercè
Authors: Blanch Pelechá Carlos Javier
Published: February 2025

Aquest estudi analitza la implementació de l'Enfocament Restauratiu Global (ERG) a l'Escola La Mercè de Tortosa, com a eina per millorar la convivència i fomentar una comunitat educativa cohesionada i resilient. La investigació es desenvolupa en el context d'una escola amb una diversitat cultural creixent, que ha necessitat redefinir el seu projecte educatiu per adaptar-se a la realitat actual.
Mitjançant un procés participatiu i de formació del professorat en lideratge pedagògic, el centre ha incorporat l'ERG com a estratègia per transformar la convivència escolar. Aquest model es basa en principis com la responsabilitat col·lectiva, la regulació emocional, la participació activa i la reparació del dany. A través de cercles de diàleg, espais restauratius i la mediació, l’escola ha aconseguit crear un entorn de confiança i seguretat, fomentant l'autoestima i la implicació de tota la comunitat educativa.
Els resultats mostren un augment del sentiment de pertinença, una reducció de l’absentisme escolar i una millora en la gestió dels conflictes, evidenciant que l'ERG no només és una metodologia efectiva, sinó també una eina fonamental per a la transformació educativa i social. Aquest estudi es presenta com una experiència de referència per a altres centres interessats en la implementació d’enfocaments restauratius a l'educació.
Sinophone Classicism in Hong Kong Cantopop: Four Examples of Songs
Authors: Ng William Chin-fung
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Through four Cantopop songs, this study seeks to show that the term “China Wind” is too culturally hegemonic to describe the Hong Kong Cantonese pop music that deals with Chinese traditions, values, and cultures. Some Cantopop songs from different eras feature classicist elements that belong to local traditions or exhibit minimal influences from Chinese culture. It would be more precise to associate the relevant Cantopop music with the concept of Sinophone classicism if China Wind is also described as classicist. This essay further demonstrates that classicist articulations already existed in Cantopop as early as the 1980s. Abstract: 本文旨在透過四首香港粵語流行曲的例子，說明「中國風」一詞仍具有文化霸權意味，並不足以描述一些涉及中國傳統、價值觀和文化的香港粵語流行音樂，蓋不同時代的香港粵語流行曲或帶有屬於當地本土傳統或在中國文化中具有邊緣影響的古典主義元素。若將「中國風」也描述為古典主義，則把相關的香港粵語流行音樂與「華語古典主義」的概念聯繫起來會更為準確。又，本文亦欲指出，早在一九八〇年代，古典主義元素便已見於香港粵語流行音樂。
A Sense of Security: The Visual Politics of COVID-19 Thermography
Authors: Crawford-Holland Sasha
Published: February 2025

abstract: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, thermal imaging systems were widely deployed to screen people for fevers and curb the spread of disease. Though epidemiologically ineffective, COVID-19 thermography served key political and perceptual functions. This article argues that the practice structured pandemic perception according to a sense of security that rendered disease visible and manageable as a security problem. When conceptions of the disease were emergent, thermography enabled states and corporations to exploit vernacular desires for safety by giving form to an epidemiological common sense that furthered their own interests over those of collective health.
Entrepreneurialism and the Return of the Bildungsroman: Mapping Racial Capitalism in Burhan Qurbani's Berlin Alexanderplatz
Authors: Melling Rowan
Published: February 2025

abstract: This article offers a reading of Burhan Qurbani's 2020 film Berlin Alexanderplatz to critique racial capitalism in European migration politics. By comparing it to the 1929 source text, I show how the film maps contemporary racial capitalism and grapples with a counter-politics to an entrepreneurial model of racial integration. Facilitated by a new media regime, this entrepreneurial model recuperates the narrative of the Bildungsroman to offer self-mediated overcoming to individuals—but it only allows repetition at the system level. This points toward a politics that attempts to reclaim possibility as a social, rather than just a personal, phenomenon.