bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incerteza e medo
Authors: Castellitti Carolina
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este texto es proponer una reflexión sobre la incertidumbre, una cuestión social contemporánea que adquirió un carácter de urgencia en el contexto de la pandemia de covid-19, trazando un diálogo entre campos de conformación reciente de las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas: la antropología de las emociones y el futuro como tópico de investigación. En primer lugar, introducimos el campo semántico de esta noción a partir de una definición de diccionario, donde emerge el vínculo entre incertidumbre y miedo, proyectado a partir del clásico dualismo cuerpo/mente. Lejos de una cuestión de racionalidad, la falta de seguridad es colocada en perspectiva como instrumento de gubernamentalidad en escala global. En segundo lugar, nos referimos a estudios empíricos que abordan experiencias de alteración de los marcos temporales y los sentidos del paso del tiempo producidas por situaciones de crisis desde un punto de vista subjetivo y biográfico. Finalmente, introducimos un ejercicio exploratorio de investigación digital en redes sociales, que nos permitió identificar la prevalencia del campo “campo económico” y el “campo psi” en el diagnóstico de la crisis actual y en la oferta de respuestas. Concluimos sistematizando algunas reflexiones sobre el papel de las emociones en las formas de imaginar y forjar futuros, señalando posibles caminos de investigación.
The Glycine Site on the NMDA Receptor: Structure-Activity Relationships and Possible Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Dannhardt G. , Kohl B. K.
Published: March 2022

L-glutamate is the most important fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. Glutamate receptors are classified into two main categories: ionotropic and metabotropic. The N-methyi-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, which is associated with an ion channel, seems to play an important role in glutamate excitotoxicity, a process thought to be involved in a number of neurodegenerative disorders such as focal cerebral ischaemia (stroke), Parkinsonfs, Huntingtonfs, Alzheimerfs disease, schizophrenia and epilepsy. The unique glycine site on the NMDA receptor, discovered by Johnson and Ascher in 1987, represents an interesting target for the development of neuroprotective compounds. Glycine antagonists may offer advantages over other NMDA antagonists in terms of their side-effect profile, especially in the long-term treatment of chronical neurodegenerative disorders but also _in the treatment of serious medical emergencies with a significant morbidity and mortality like status epilepticus or stroke. So far it is not clear whether NMDA receptor antagonists including glycine antagonists would be suitable for chronic administration because of their effects on cognition, learning and motor function. High-affinity, in vivo potent, glycine antagonists of great structural diversity (i. e. pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-N-oxides, indole-2 carboxylates, 4-substituted-3-phenylquinoline-2(1H)­ ones and alkyl-substituted 1,4-dihydro-quinoxaline-2,3-diones) are now available and their suitability for long-term treatment of chronical neurodegenerative disorders has to be investigated in clinical trials.
Radiotherapy and Breast Reconstruction: What Is the Ideal Timing?
A Narrative Review
Authors: Letsiou Evanthia , Tsakatikas Sergios , Vakis George , Tsapakidis Konstantinos , Charalampakis Nikolaos , Diamantis Alexandros , Poultsidi Antigoni , Michelakis Dimosthenis , de Bree Eelco , Mauri Davide , Tsoukalas Nikolaos , Antoniades Chrysostomos , Tolia Maria
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Women undergoing mastectomy choose to pursue breast reconstruction (BR) in order to reduce their body image distress.Adjuvant chest wall irradiation is associated with a negative cosmetic outcome. The aim of our review was to identify the optimal timing of BR relating to radiotherapy delivery.

Materials and Methods:

Using Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Springer, Wanfang and CNKI, we performed a non-systematic review of articles published up to August 2021.

Result:

There is no hard evidence in favor of immediate, delayed or 2-stage BR when post-mastec-tomy radiation is indicated. Immediate and 2-stage BR seem to be valid alternatives to delayed BR.

Conclusion:

Further research is essential in order to assess clinician and patient reported aesthetic outcomes and determine the optimal timing of BR in view of post-mastectomy radiotherapy, in breast cancer survivors.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF THE MILK TEA STORES
Authors: De Jesus Fhrizz Saet , Buenaventura Blisa Pacada
Published: March 2022

Purpose â€” This paper assesses the impact of the Covid- 19 Pandemic in the supply chain management (SCM) of the milk tea stores in Bongabon, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Since milk tea is a popular drink in the said area, this paper seeks to know how the owners deal with the barriers they have encountered during the pandemic. Â Design/methodology/approach â€” The study used a descriptive method using a total enumeration as the sampling technique.Â  The respondents were fully operational milk tea store owners who encountered barriers in their SCM.Findings â€” In line with the barriers in the SCM, the study shows that the majority of the respondents strongly agreed that the staff is afraid of the spread of the virus (Human Resource), experienced Limited business time of operation (Enforcement of Local Rules), Limited entrants of delivery vehicle (Transportation), Instability in the supply of raw materials (Raw Materials), & Sales decrease due to pandemic (Cash flow).Practical Implications â€” The business operations of the respondents suffered from the effect of the covid 19 pandemics.Originality/value â€” This study presents the recommendation on how the business owners can cope up with the impact of this pandemic not only in their SCM but their business as a whole.Keywords Covid- 19 Pandemic, Supply Chain Management, Milk tea.Paper Type Research Paper.
THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEIVED USEFULNESS AND PERCEIVED EASE OF USE ON INTENTION TO USE GOJEK APPLICATION AND ITS IMPACT ON PURCHASE DECISION OF GOJEK SERVICES
Authors: Hutagalung Ulianto , Sukriah Yani , Ritonga Nursakinah
Published: March 2022

Purpose â€” The purpose of this reseacrh is to explain and analyze the influence of Perceived UsefulnessÂ  and Perceived Ease of Use on Intention to Use the Gojek application and its impact on Gojek service purchasing decisions.Design/methodology/approach â€” This study uses a quantitative approach using explanatory research. The population of this study is The citizen of Padangsidimpuan City, North Sumatera who use Gojek Services at least five times a month. To determine the sample of the population, researchers used Machin & Champbell (1987)Â  formula to obtain the number of respondents as many as 115 people. The sampling technique of this study is the nonprobability sampling technique. The method of data collection used a questionnaire distributed to the respondent and calculated using a Likert scale. Data analysis methods consist of test instruments, research requirements testing, and hypothesis testing with path analysis by SPSS.Findings â€” The results of this study indicate that the Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use has a positive and significant effect on the Intention to use Gojek application.Â Practical Implications â€” Perceived Usefulness and Intention to Use Gojek application has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, while the Perceived Ease of Use has no significant influence on Purchasing Decisions.Keywords Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use,Â  Intention to Use, Purchase Decision, GojekPaper Type Research Paper.
REGULATION HEGEMONY AND ACCOUNTABILITY OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT: A STUDY ON REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Witono Banu , * Nurkholis , * Roekhudin
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectives - The purpose of this study is to uncover the reality of implementing regional financial management regulations and their impact on local government accountability.Research method approach - This study uses a critical qualitative research approach to the Gramsci hegemony perspective. This approach is useful for analyzing the shackles of regulation in the implementation of regional financial management.Findings - The results show that regulation has become a means for the state to dominate in the realm of political society and hegemony for civil society. This results in an orientation of local government accountability which tends to vertical accountability rather than horizontal (public) accountability .Practical implications -Â  Changes in regional autonomy regulations have led to increasing dominance of the central government to the regions. This is reflected in the various regulations produced by the institutions in the central government which shackle the space and innovation of the local government in managing regional finances.Social implications - Due to the shackles of the regulation, local governments prioritize serving the interests of the central government (vertical accountability) compared to services to the society (horizontal accountability).Originality / Value - This study contributes to uncovering the facts that occur related to regional financial management, so that it can provide input to the government in the implementation of regional government accountability.Keywords: Regional Government Accountability, Regional Financial Management Regulations, Regulation Hegemony.Paper Type: Research Paper
IS GENDER ISSUE STILL RELEVANT IN WORK ENGAGEMENT CONTEXT? (AN EVIDENCE IN BANKING SECTOR)
Authors: Adi Agung Nugroho , Fithriana Noora
Published: March 2022

Research purposes- Gender issues was being relevant issue in the past decades. Also, work engagement play important roles to boost organization profitability. This paper aimed to investigate the differences between male and female employees in work engagement.Methodology- Sample for this study were 243 banking employees. Validity and reliability conducted in this study was using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with the Work Engagement CFA score was .802 (sig.000) and Cronbach Alpha score for Work engagement was .900 (Minimum Score is 0.7) in SPSS 25. Independent T-test used in this research to find out the differences between male employees and female employees work engagement.Findings- The research Leveneâ€™s Test for F score was 1.820 (sig. 0179) or in other words is insignificant. So, the result conclusion was that it was not any differences in engagement significant level between female employees and male employees in the Indonesia banking sector.Practice Implication- To enhance productivity through work-engagement, banking industry has wide choice in recruiting female and male employee (both gender suitable with banking industry job description).Originality- Findings in this research occurred the relationship model between work-engagement based on gender perspectives.Keywords: Gender, Work Engagement, Productivity
Pembelajaran pengenalan tumbuhan melalui Cooperative Script pada peserta didik Kelas IV di SDN 37 Sui Ambawang Kabupaten Kuburaya
Authors: Afidah Siti
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengenalan tumbuhan melalui Cooperative Script pada peserta didik Kelas IV di SDN 37 Sui Ambawang, Kabupaten Kuburaya yang awalnya peserta didik belum bisa mengenal dengan berbagai nama karakteristik tumbuhan. Melalui Cooperative Script maka setiap peserta didik diharapkan mampu mengulang dan memahami nama-nama tumbuhan secara mudah. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas IV di Sekolah Dasar 37 Sui Ambawang yang berjumlah 15  siswa. Pada saat pembelajaran di lakukan keadaan pseserta didik masih di rasa kurang pemahaman peningkatan pengetahuan di mana pada saat pra siklus dari 15 peserta didik baru lulus 3 peserta didik  dengan persentasi 20%, di lanjutkan ke siklus 1 lulus 11 peserta didik didik dengan persentasi 73% dan di lanjutkan siklus II dengan perbaikan perencanaan dan pelaksaan yang akurat, tepat dan penuh kemandirian yang mendukung dan upaya yang besar  baru bisa di katakan lulus 15 peserta didik dengan persentasi 100%, dengan adanya model Cooperative Script pembelajaran peserta didik lebih mudah diterima karena terjadi pengelompokan dan kemandirian secara merata dan akuntabel meberdayakan kelompok yang lebih kecil dan efektif.
FUNGSI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DALAM MEMBANGUN KEPRIBADIAN BANGSA
Authors: NURBAYA SITI
Published: March 2022

Language and literature education can be utilized as a medium nf devcloping a nation's personality. In the context of culture, a language is part of the means to maintain the social order which is universal in nature. Therefore, a language can influence a culture. The relationship between a language as a means of communication and a culture in the sense of creation, feeling, and work can be established ac a medium qf developing humanistic values. Literary works containing humanistic values can serve as a medium of transforming a nation's personality values.
PENGARUSUTAMAAN HAK ANAK DI SEKOLAH UNTUK MENCEGAH KEKERASAN
Authors: EFIANINGRUM ARIEFA
Published: March 2022

Kekerasan di sekolah dan institusi pendidikan lainnya menunjukkan sisi buram pendidikan. Kekerasan merupakan perbuatan yang tidak dapat ditolerir, karena selain mencabik-cabik kemanusiaan, juga mengganggu kenyamanan orang lain. Walaupun Indonesia telah meratifikasi Konvensi Hak Anak (KHA) dan bahkan memiliki Undang-undang Perlindungan Anak (UUPA), belum menjamin bahwa hak-hak anak sudah dipenuhi dengan baik. Pemerintah perlu mensosialisasikan UUPA di sekolah untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas guru terhadap perilaku bertendensi kekerasan. Sekolah juga perlu mempromosikan hak-hak anak di sekolah dengan memberikan layanan yang terbaik bagi siswa di sekolah. Kepala sekolah, guru, dan karyawan di sekolah dapat secara bersama-sama bersinergi untuk tujuan tersebut. Jika warga sekolah memiliki persepsi negative terhadap kekerasan, tentunya akan menghindari perbuatan yang mengarah pada kekerasan terhadap siswa. Dengan demikian, tindak kekerasan di sekolah dapat diminimalisir bahkan dieliminir.
KETRAMPILAN BERTANYA GURU DALAM MENGELOLA PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR
Authors: YULIANA LIA
Published: March 2022

Keterampilan bertanya adalah keterampilan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, karena metode apapun, tujuan pengajaran apapun yang ingin dicapai clan bagaimana keadaan siswa yang dihadapi, maka bertanya kepada siswa mcrupakan hal yang tidak dapat ditinggalkan. Mengajukan pertanyaan kepada siswa tidaklah mudah, perlu adanya latihan sehingga guru dapat menguasai dan melaksanakan keterampilan bertanya pada situasi yang tepat. Mcmberi pertanyaan secara efektif dan efisien akan dapat menimbulkan perubahan tingkah laku, baik pada guru maupun dari siswa. Perubahan terjadi ketika guru yang sebelumnya selalu aktif memberi informasi justru menjadi guru yang banyak mcngundang interaksi siswa, sedangkan dari siswa yang sebelumnya secara pasif mendengarkan keterangan guru akan bcrubah menjadi banyak berpartisipasi dalam bertanya, menjawab pertanyaan dan mengemukakan pendapat. Hal ini akan menimbulkan adanya cara belajar siswa aktif yang berkadar tinggi. Untuk lebih memudahkan guru dalam menggunakan keterampilan bertanya, hendaknya seorang guru mengetahui kegunaan dari penggunaan keterampilan bertanya. Dengan demikian siswa menjadi aktif dalam proses belajar mengajar clan hal tersebut akan berdampak positif pada prestasi belajar siswa.
POTRET KEMEROSOTAN MORAL DALAM DUNIA PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA: SEBUAH KRITIK DARI ABDURRAHMAN
Authors: ROHMAN ARIF
Published: March 2022

The education is convinced to play an important role in solving and providing the way out upon the present social problem. One of the important results of educational implementation is the progress of science and technology proved to be able to assist mankind in solving the problem. Ironically, if the educational implementation practice it self contains the problem, for example degradation of morality in education. Therrfore, it, order to solve such a condition, an effort is needed to reconstruct morality to return the main mission of education fur the manifestation of the Indonesian societal typology which is within morality and just prosperity
KARMA PHALA PA DA PRASTHANIKAPARWA DALAM KONTEKS PENDIDIKAN BUDI PEKERTI
Authors: HARDIYANTO HARDIYANTO
Published: March 2022

The Ancient Javanese Belles Letters contained lots of cultural noble values referring anti developing to the positive ones. One of the Ancient Javanese belles letters is Prasthanikaparwa. This transcript contains various social cultures like karma phala. Karma phala is associated with the good and bad behavior of mankind within which this Prasthanikaparwa transcript is reflected by the story characters, like. Dropadi. Sahadewa, Nakula, Arjuna, Bima and Yudistira. Of them, what to be worthy to follow is the behavior of Yudistira. The behaviors of them can be used as a mirror in developing the individual behavior as a manifestation of the moral education to be going to bring about a harmonious and balanced relationship to the neighbour.
KETULUSAN MERUPAKAN SEBUAH NILAI MORAL YANG TERABAIKAN
Authors: H SUJATI H SUJATI
Published: March 2022

The Indonesia nation has been in a very seriously ill condition morally nowdays. This is indicated by the fast growing of corruption, collusion and nepotism. This case describes that it is more difficult to find a honest and sincere person. Sincerely becomes a rare thing even though all religious belief teachs sincerity to their jollowers One of the clarifying jocturs is a syndrome of educational practice ehich applies a variety of uniformity in which the student hint, no chance to propose their expression and to do exploration. That's why it is necessapy to grow freedom to give expression and to make exploration in the education domain to support the development of sincarity.
POHON TEORI EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN DAN PROGRAM (Metode, Nilai dan Menilai, Penggunaan)
Authors: Hajaroh Mami
Published: March 2022

Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan filosofi keilmuan evaluasi kebijakan dan program. Evaluasi sebagai bagian dari proses kebijakan merupakan tahap penting, yakni sebagai tahap penyediaan informasi tentang kebijakan dan program yang berjalan. Dalam prakteknya, evaluasi memerlukan teori-teori evaluasi. Teori yang dimaksudkan oleh para theorist identik dengan pendekatan atau model teori yang bersifat preskriptif, bukan tentang teori deskriptif atau empiris. Pohon teori evaluasi sebagai ilmu terapan dibangun oleh tiga akar ilmu yakni epistemology, social inqury dan social accountability yang membangun tiga cabang ilmu evaluasi. Ketiga cabang ilmu evaluasi meliputi cabang metode (method), cabang menilai (valuing), dan cabang penggunaan (use). Ketiga cabang pohon ilmu evaluasi dilihat sebagai sesuatu yang saling berhubungan satu sama lain. Bila pohon ilmu evaluasi  itu berada dalam ruang tiga dimensi maka ujung kanan adalah cabang penilaian akan berhubungan dengan sisi paling kiri yakni cabang penggunaan. Para ahli ilmu evaluasi ditempatkan pada setiap cabang dengan melihat kecenderungan utama dan khusus dari pendekatan ilmu yang mereka kembangkan. Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, Pohon Teori, Pendekatan Evaluasi, Evaluasi Kebijakan
PEMBELAJARAN REMEDIAL SEBAGAI SUATU UPAYA DALAM MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR
Authors: Lidi Maria Waldetrudis
Published: March 2022

Artikel ini merupakan telaah pustaka tentang pembelajaran remedial sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar. Berdasarkan temuan awal, sebagian besar tenaga pengajar di Universitas Flores belum melaksanakan pembelajaran remedial dan belum memahami prinsip-prinsip dan prosedur pembelajaran remedial. Oleh karena itu penulis merasa penting untuk melakukan kajian tentang pembelajaran remedial pada tahap akhir kegiatan pembelajaran. Hasil kajian yang diperoleh tentang pembelajaran remedial adalah pengertian dan karakteristik, tujuan, prinsip, tipe pengajaran remedial, prosedur dan waktu pelaksanaan remedial. Penelitian ini memberikan saran operasional bagaimana memperbaiki dan mengatasi kesulitan belajar. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Remedial, Kesulitan Belajar
PEMANFAATAN DANA PROGRAM INDONESIA PINTAR (PIP) OLEH SISWA SMPN 2 GEDANGSARI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Sholikhah Ebni
Published: March 2022

Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) merupakan program pemberian dana kepada siswa dari keluarga kurang mampu. Program ini menyaratkan bahwa dana harus dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan personal siswa sehingga anak terlepas dari ancaman putus sekolah. Meskipun ada PIP, ternyata putus sekolah masih terjadi di Kecamatan Gedangsari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pemanfaatan dana PIP oleh siswa jenjang SMP di Kecamatan Gendangsari khususnya SMPN 2 yang memiliki siswa putus sekolah tertinggi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sekolah melakukan diskresi dalam pengelolaan dana. Dana telah digunakan untuk pembiayaan personal siswa, meskipun masih ada item yang tidak seharusnya dibiayai dana tersebut. Dilihat dari besaran dana, PIP baru mampu mengover pembiayaan personal siswa sebesar 55-58%. Jika melihat kondisi ekonomi masyarakat yang mayoritas masuk kategori miskin, maka diperlukan inisiatif pihak sekolah untuk merancang usaha dana secara mandiri atau kerjasama dengan sektor swasta untuk turut terlibat dalam pembiayaan pendidikan. Kata Kunci: Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP), Pendanaan Pendidikan, SMP
INISIASI KEBIJAKAN MENUJU PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN HUMANIS-RELIGIUS
Authors: Rohman Arif
Published: March 2022

Pendidikan diyakini memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan jalan keluar atas problem sosial yang ada. Salah satu hasil terpenting dari penyelenggaraan pendidikan adalah kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang terbukti dapat membantu manusia dalam memecahkan problem sosialnya. Namun ironisnya, justru praktek penyelenggaraan pendidikan itu sendiri yang mengidap problem, di antaranya adalah demoralitas pendidikan. Oleh karenanya diperlukan inisiasi kebijakan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut melalui rekonstruksi moralitas untuk mengembalikan misi utama pendidikan demi terwujudkannya tipologi pendidikan yang humanis-religius. Lima pilar moralitas pendidikan yang dapat menjaga tegaknya penyelenggaraan pendidikan yang humanis-religious adalah: (1) fardhiyyah morality, (2) usariyyah morality, (3) ijtimaiyyah morality, (4) daulah morality, dan (5) diniyyah morality. Langkah-langkah yang diperlukan untuk mengembalikan tegaknya moralitas pendidikan adalah melalui pengembalian praktek penyelenggaraan pendidikan kepada khittah-nya yaitu pengembalian kepada misi pendidikan pembebasan. Segala perangkat dan pendukung yang ada seperti guru, kurikulum, manajemen, model pembelajaran, sistem evaluasi, peraturan-peraturan pendukung dan lain-lain keseluruhannya perlu diorientasikan kepada misi utama pengikisan aneka praktek yang mendistorsikan nilai luhur pendidikan, dengan penerapan model humanis-religius di sekolah, yaitu model: (1) Konsiderasi, (2) Pembentukan rasional, (3) Klarifikasi nilai, (4) Pengembangan moral kognitif, dan (5) Nondirektif.Kata kunci: pendidikan, moralitas, dan nilai humanis-religius
TRANSFORMASI NILAI-NILAI INTI BUDAYA DALAM PERBAIKAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Siswoyo Dwi , Sukardi Joko Sri , Efianingrum Ariefa
Published: March 2022

Kegiatan PPM ini bertujuan untuk menggelorakan spirit perbaikan dan peningkatan mutu sekolah. Upaya tersebut memerlukan berbagai pendekatan, baik struktural maupun kultural. Pendekatan kultural memusatkan perhatian pada kesadaran dan komitmen warga sekolah tentang pentingnya nilai-nilai. Nilai-nilai inti budaya sekolah bersumber dari sekolah dan disepakati bersama oleh warga sekolah. Nilai-nilai tersebut perlu ditransformasikan untuk menginspirasi warga sekolah dalam peningkatan prestasi dan kinerja. Metode kegiatan adalah pelatihan dengan sasaran kepala sekolah, guru, dan perwakilan orang tua siswa di dua sekolah dasar di wilayah Kecamatan Ngaglik, Kabupaten Sleman. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa transformasi dapat dilakukan setelah nilai-nilai inti budaya sekolah digali dan disepakati bersama. Sekolah perlu mengidentifikasi keunggulan, potensi, tantangan, dan hambatan dalam upaya perbaikan sekolah. Hasilnya menjadi pertimbangan dalam menentukan solusi terhadap problem kontekstual di sekolah. Upaya perbaikan sekolah memerlukan pelibatan orang tua siswa dan kemitraan dengan institusi lain dalam seluruh tahapan proses kebijakan. Mulai dari perancangan, perumusan, implementasi, dan evaluasi program yang mendukung upaya perbaikan sekolah. Kata Kunci: transformasi, nilai budaya, sekolah dasar
The impact of FDI on foreign trade in Arab countries
Authors:   Department of Administrative Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, Ismail Hosameldin H. ,   Industrial Relations, Workers University, Zagazig, Egypt
Published: March 2022

This study aims to identify the reality of FDI in Arab countries and analyze the relationship between FDI and foreign trade in Arab countries during the period 2000-2018. Statistical analysis tools such as the correlation coefficient and ANOVA analysis were used to test the significance of the linear regression between the variables, to analyze the relationship between FDI (independent variable) and all of the Arab exports and imports, trade balance, and Arab foreign trade (dependent variable). Despite the rapid liberalization programs of investment systems and the trend towards privatization and liberalization of economic activity and joining the WTO (hence, WTO), and other measures, the flow of foreign investments to Arab countries continues. Only three countries (UAE-Egypt-Oman) accounted for 68.5% of the total FDI coming to Arab countries in 2018. This indicates the weakness of many other Arab countries in attracting FDI. Results showed that the European Union is the leading trading partner of the Arab countries. The UAE and France topped the countries investing in the Arab countries. The statistical analysis results showed that the correlation between FDI (as an independent variable) and Arab foreign trade (as a dependent variable) is a positive, medium-strength. They also proved that (17.8%) of Arab foreign trade could be explained using FDI, while the remaining percentage is attributed to other variables.
A Rechargeable Aqueous Lithium-Air Battery with an Acetic Acid Catholyte Operated at High Pressure
Authors:   Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan, Ichida Syuma , Mori Daisuke ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan, Taminato Sou ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan, Zhang Tao ,   State Key Laboratory of High Performance Cermic and Super Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Cermaics, CAS, 200050, People Republic China, Takeda Yasuo ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan, Yamamoto Osamu ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan, Imanishi Nobuyuki ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
Published: March 2022

Acidic aqueous lithium-air batteries are attractive candidates for use as energy sources in electric vehicles because of their high energy and power densities and ability to operate under ambient conditions. An aqueous lithium-air battery with an acetic acid catholyte has a high theoretical energy density of 1,478 Wh kg–1, and the reaction product is soluble in the catholyte. In this study, we have studied the cell performance of a Li/interlayer electrolyte/NASICON-type solid lithium-ion conductor/acetic acid catholyte/air electrode cell at high pressure and room temperature under air. The cell was successfully operated at 0.5 mA cm–2 and 0.2 MPa.
Contributions of Artificial Intelligence Reported in Obstetrics and Gynecology Journals: Systematic Review
Authors: Dhombres Ferdinand , Bonnard Jules , Bailly Kévin , Maurice Paul , Papageorghiou Aris T , Jouannic Jean-Marie
Published: March 2022

Background

The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) processes have grown significantly in all medical disciplines during the last decades. Two main types of AI have been applied in medicine: symbolic AI (eg, knowledge base and ontologies) and nonsymbolic AI (eg, machine learning and artificial neural networks). Consequently, AI has also been applied across most obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) domains, including general obstetrics, gynecology surgery, fetal ultrasound, and assisted reproductive medicine, among others.

Objective

The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review to establish the actual contributions of AI reported in OB/GYN discipline journals.

Methods

The PubMed database was searched for citations indexed with “artificial intelligence” and at least one of the following medical subject heading (MeSH) terms between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2020: “obstetrics”; “gynecology”; “reproductive techniques, assisted”; or “pregnancy.” All publications in OB/GYN core disciplines journals were considered. The selection of journals was based on disciplines defined in Web of Science. The publications were excluded if no AI process was used in the study. Review, editorial, and commentary articles were also excluded. The study analysis comprised (1) classification of publications into OB/GYN domains, (2) description of AI methods, (3) description of AI algorithms, (4) description of data sets, (5) description of AI contributions, and (6) description of the validation of the AI process.

Results

The PubMed search retrieved 579 citations and 66 publications met the selection criteria. All OB/GYN subdomains were covered: obstetrics (41%, 27/66), gynecology (3%, 2/66), assisted reproductive medicine (33%, 22/66), early pregnancy (2%, 1/66), and fetal medicine (21%, 14/66). Both machine learning methods (39/66) and knowledge base methods (25/66) were represented. Machine learning used imaging, numerical, and clinical data sets. Knowledge base methods used mostly omics data sets. The actual contributions of AI were method/algorithm development (53%, 35/66), hypothesis generation (42%, 28/66), or software development (3%, 2/66). Validation was performed on one data set (86%, 57/66) and no external validation was reported. We observed a general rising trend in publications related to AI in OB/GYN over the last two decades. Most of these publications (82%, 54/66) remain out of the scope of the usual OB/GYN journals.

Conclusions

In OB/GYN discipline journals, mostly preliminary work (eg, proof-of-concept algorithm or method) in AI applied to this discipline is reported and clinical validation remains an unmet prerequisite. Improvement driven by new AI research guidelines is expected. However, these guidelines are covering only a part of AI approaches (nonsymbolic) reported in this review; hence, updates need to be considered.
Consumers’ Evaluation of Web-Based Health Information Quality: Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yan , Kim Yeolib
Published: March 2022

Background

The internet has become a major source of health information for general consumers. Web-based health information quality varies widely across websites and applications. It is critical to understand the factors that shape consumers’ evaluation of web-based health information quality and the role that it plays in their appraisal and use of health information and information systems.

Objective

This paper aimed to identify the antecedents and consequences of consumers’ evaluation of web-based health information quality as a means to consolidate the related research stream and to inform future studies on web-based health information quality.

Methods

We systematically searched 10 databases, examined reference lists, and conducted manual searches. Empirical studies that investigated consumers’ evaluation of web-based health information quality, credibility, or trust and their respective relationships with antecedents or consequences were included.

Results

We included 147 studies reported in 136 papers in the analysis. Among the antecedents of web-based health information quality, system navigability (ρ=0.56), aesthetics (ρ=0.49), and ease of understanding (ρ=0.49) had the strongest relationships with web-based health information quality. The strongest consequences of web-based health information quality were consumers’ intentions to use health information systems (ρ=0.58) and satisfaction with health information (ρ=0.46). Web-based health information quality relationships were moderated by numerous cultural dimensions, research designs, and publication moderators.

Conclusions

Consumers largely rely on peripheral cues and less on cues that require more information processing (eg, content comprehensiveness) to determine web-based health information quality. Surprisingly, the relationships between individual differences and web-based health information quality are trivial. Web-based health information quality has stronger effects on cognitive appraisals and behavioral intentions than on behavior. Despite efforts to include various moderators, a substantial amount of variance is still unexplained, indicating a need to study additional moderators. This meta-analysis provides broad and consistent evidence for web-based health information quality relationships that have been fractured and incongruent in empirical studies.
Developing a successful implementation plan for a high frequency, low touch care model at specialized type 1 diabetes clinics: The Type 1 diabetes virtual self-Management and Education support (T1ME) trial (Preprint)
Authors: de Sequeira Stephanie , Presseau Justin , Booth Gillian , Lipscombe Lorraine L. , Perkins Isabelle , Perkins Bruce A. , Shulman Rayzel , Lakhanpal Gurpreet , Ivers Noah
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are more likely to achieve optimal glycemic control when they have frequent visits with their healthcare team. There is a potential benefit of frequent, telemedicine interventions as an effective strategy to lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

OBJECTIVE

To understand the provider- and system-level factors affecting successful implementation of a virtual care intervention into type 1 diabetes (T1D) clinics.

METHODS

Semi-structured interviews with managers and certified diabetes educators (CDEs) at diabetes clinics across Southern Ontario, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Deductive analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework, then mapping to Behaviour Change Techniques to inform potential implementation strategies for high frequency virtual care for T1D.

RESULTS

There was considerable intention to deliver high frequency virtual care to patients with T1D. Participants believed that this model of care could lead to improved patient outcomes and engagement, but would likely increase the workload of CDEs. Some felt there were insufficient resources at their site to enable them to participate in the program. Member-checking conducted during the pandemic revealed that clinics and staff had already developed strategies to overcome resource barriers to the adoption of virtual care during the pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

Existing enablers for high frequency virtual care can be leveraged, and barriers can be overcome with targeted clinical incentives and support.
Pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis in the context of COVID-19 and implications for treatment (Preprint)
Authors: Tran Son , Ksajikian Andre , Overbey Juliana , Li Patrick , Li Yong
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a feared outcome of many pulmonary diseases results in a reduction in lung compliance and capacity. The development of PF is relatively rare, but it can occur secondary to viral pneumonia, especially COVID-19 infection.

OBJECTIVE

While COVID-19 infection and its complications are still under investigation, we can look at a similar outbreak in the past to gain better insight as to the expected long-term outcomes of COVID-19 patient lung function.

METHODS

We review literature relative to PF via PubMed. We also performed a literature search for COVID-related pathological changes in the lungs. Finally, the paper was reviewed and summarized based on the studies' integrity, relative, or power calculations.

RESULTS

With the massive scale of the COVID-19 pandemic, we expect there should more instances of PF due to COVID-19 infection. Patients who survive severe COVID-19 infection may suffer from a high incidence of PF.

CONCLUSIONS

This article reviews the current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PF and therapeutic strategies. We also discussed the potential for preventing progression to the fibrotic state within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Remote Testing Apps for Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Systematic Review of Published Articles and Systematic Search and Review of Public Smartphone Apps (Preprint)
Authors: Michaud Jacob , Penny Cameron , Hervet Éric , Chamard-Witkowski Ludivine
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Many apps designed to remotely assess clinical status and monitor symptom evolution in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) exist. These may one day serve as an adjunct for in-person testing of persons with MS, providing valuable insight into disease course that is not accounted for by snapshots obtained from clinic visits.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to review the current literature surrounding apps used for remote monitoring of persons with MS.

METHODS

A systematic review of published articles was conducted in January 2022 in 4 databases. The Apple App Store and the Google Play Store were also searched, and relevant apps were identified.

RESULTS

Eighteen articles and eighteen apps were included in this study. Although many MS-related apps exist, only ten apps were identified in the systematic review to have published literature surrounding their use. Twelve articles looked at convergence between app-based testing and neurological exam. Overall, correlation between app version of standardized tests and their traditional counterparts was moderate to strong. Some novel app-based tests had a stronger correlation with clinician-derived outcomes than traditional testing. App-based testing correlated well with Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite, but less so with Expanded Disability Status Scale; the latter correlated to a greater extent with patient quality of life scores.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that app-based testing may be used in lieu of some physical exams if or when the latter is not readily accessible for persons with MS.
Mental Health, Substance Use and Difficulty Accessing Healthcare Among Sexual Gender Minorities During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Cross-Sectional Online Survey Results from April-May and August-September of 2020 (Preprint)
Authors: Serrano Pedro Alonso , Daubert Elizabeth , Muñoz Alejandro , Hosek Sybil G , French Audrey L
Published: March 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Research conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the availability of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data, providing an opportunity to examine the health of sexual and gender minorities (SGM). This study aims to assess the mental health status, substance use, and difficulty accessing healthcare during the pandemic. Online surveys were conducted in April-May (n=2102) and August-September of 2020 (n=2182), with most participants identifying as cisgender men (80.2%), gay (70.0%), and White (55.5%). Overall, participants reported household loss in pay/unemployment (62.2%), increased public aid assistance usage (29.2%), multiple mental health symptoms (m=2.2, sd=1.5), and challenges accessing HIV/STI testing (21.1%). In August-September, participants reported challenges accessing mental healthcare (29.1%), HIV/STI testing (17.9%), PrEP use (29.8%), and accessing gender-affirming care (32.8%). We recommend surveillance and research continue to integrate SOGI measures to monitor the health status of SGM in the US and, in particular, the interactions between age, gender, sexual orientation, and race/ethnicity.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/30761
Conceptual Framework for Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Clinical Trials of Skeletal Muscle Cramping Experienced in Dialysis
Authors: Richardson Michelle M. , Grandinetti Amanda , Hilliard-Boone Tandrea S. , Wilund Kenneth R. , Wingard Rebecca , St. Peter Wendy L. , Logan Dilani , Tentori Francesca , Keller San , West Melissa , Lacson Eduardo
Published: March 2022

Skeletal muscle cramping is a common and bothersome symptom for patients on maintenance dialysis therapy, regardless of modality, and it has not been prioritized for innovative assessments or treatments. Research to prevent or treat skeletal muscle cramping in patients receiving dialysis is hindered by poorly understood pathophysiology, lack of an accepted definition, and the absence of a standardized measurement method. The Kidney Health Initiative, a public-private partnership between the American Society of Nephrology and US Food and Drug Administration, convened a multidisciplinary workgroup to define a set of patient-reported outcome measures for use in clinical trials to test the effect of new dialysis devices, new KRTs, lifestyle/behavioral modifications, and medications on skeletal muscle cramping. Upon determining that foundational work was necessary, the workgroup undertook a multistep process to elicit concepts central to developing the basis for demonstrating content validity of candidate patient-reported outcome measures for skeletal muscle cramping in patients on dialysis. The workgroup sought to (1) create an accepted, patient-endorsed definition for skeletal muscle cramping that applies to all dialysis modalities, (2) construct a conceptual model for developing and evaluating a skeletal muscle cramping–specific patient-reported outcome measure, and (3) identify potential questions from existing patient-reported outcome measures that could be modified or adapted and subsequently tested in the dialysis population. We report the results of the workgroup's efforts, provide our recommendations, and issue a call to action to address the gaps in knowledge and research needs we identified. These action steps are urgently needed to quantify skeletal muscle cramping burden, assess the effect, and measure meaningful changes of new interventions to improve the experience of patients receiving dialysis and suffering from skeletal muscle cramping.
Overview of Diagnostic Criteria and Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury and Acute Kidney Disease in the Critically Ill Patient
Authors: Birkelo Bethany C. , Pannu Neesh , Siew Edward D.
Published: March 2022

Since the description ischuria renalis by William Heberden (1), AKI has remained a prominent complication of critical illness. Beyond KRT, treatment has been limited by the capacity to phenotype this condition. Here, we chronicle the evolution of attempts to classify AKI, including the adoption of consensus definitions, the expansion of diagnosis and prognosis with novel biomarkers, and emerging tools such as artificial intelligence (AI).
TAXONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF RARE ACTINOBACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM OF MACHILIPATNAM, ANDHRAPRADESH, INDIA
Authors: CH CHIRANJEEVI , M VIJAYALAKSHMI
Published: March 2022

Objective: The objective of the present study is to isolate, characterize the potent actinomycete strain from mangrove habitats of South coast of Andhra Pradesh (Machilipatnam), India.
Methods: The samples collected from mangrove niches were pretreated with calcium carbonate, diluted, Plated on Starch casein agar, Humic acid vitamin agar and yeast extract malt extract dextrose (YMD) agar media to isolate actinomycetes. The three selective media were supplemented with clotrimazole (25 μg/mL) and streptomycin (25 μg/mL) to inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria.
Results: A total of ten actinobacterial strains were isolated and designated as VLCH-1 to VLCH-10. All of them were screened and evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Among them, one strain VLCH-6 was found to be potent as it exhibited high antimicrobial potential and it was identified as Pseudonocardia parietis VLCH-6 through polyphasic taxonomy (GenBank accession number: MZ951166). The growth profile of the strain was studied by culturing it in YMD broth. The culture broth extracted with ethyl acetate was tested for antimicrobial assay and found to be active against Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas campestris and Aspergillus niger. The antioxidant potential of the strain VLCH-6 was evaluated by 2,2- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. In the screening, the culture extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity against DPPH free radicals.
Conclusion: Over all, it was evident from the present study that mangrove habitats of Machilipatnam serve as a good source for potent actinomycetes possessing broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antioxidant metabolites.
CLEISTANTHIN B SHOWS A POTENT CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AGAINST COLORECTAL CANCER CELLS
Authors: SAGAR PULI , RAVEENDRAN RAMASAMY
Published: March 2022

Objective: The aim was to find out the cleistanthin B sensitive cancer cell type among a panel of cancer cell lines.
Methods: The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of cleistanthin B against different cancer cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The cell death caused by cleistanthin B in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was evaluated by acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO-EB) dual staining. Using short exposure, we generated the 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (5-FU+Ox) surviving cells from the parental HT-29 CRC cell lines. These surviving CRC cells were further treated with cleistanthin B either alone or combined with 5-FU. Annexin V apoptosis assay was used to determine the combined effect of cleistanthin B with 5-FU against HT-29 cells.
Results: The IC50 values of cleistanthin B were found to be 3.6±0.55, 5.2±0.51, 8.6±1.02, 10.5±1.50, 18.3±3.71, 25.8±5.50, and 26.7±5.90 μg/mL against HT-29, SW-480, HCT-15, HELA, MDA-MB-231, A549, and DU145, respectively. The IC50 value of cleistanthin B against L132 cells was >100 μg/mL. The cleistanthin B treated HT-29, SW-480, and HCT-15 CRC cells showed apoptotic changes such as chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and formation of apoptotic bodies in the AO-EB dual staining method. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that cleistanthin B enhances the 5-FU induced apoptosis against 5-FU+Ox surviving HT-29 CRC cells.
Conclusion: Cleistanthin B is relatively more potent against CRC cells than other cancer cells, and it induces apoptosis mediated cell death in CRC cells. Cleistanthin B enhances the anticancer activity of 5-FU against HT-29 CRC cells.