bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persuasive Advertising Cause Sin Goods Consumption by Students in Arab Region
Authors: Salah Ashraf Hani , Alaya Osama Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Objective: This investigation aims to determine whether persuasive advertising outweighs health warnings and sin taxes to entice students to purchase unhealthy products in two Arabian cities in the Middle Eastern Region, such as Amman, Jordan, and Dubai, UAE. Method: We first expose the participants to audio-visual advertisements of unhealthy goods before asking them to respond to a structured questionnaire. The SEM result indicates that product knowledge and brand expertise significantly increase consumer knowledge of unhealthy products and lure the students into buying them. Results also support that Impulsive buying and materialistic personality traits exacerbate the unhealthy product buying habits of students. Result: In sum, it implies that mandatory health warnings fail when producers can respond with counterbalancing persuasive advertisements. Surprisingly, perceived sin tax policy intervention does not appear to affect purchasing intent - indicating impulsive buying and materialism among students. The result also allows the government to address budgetary constraints by increasing the sin tax. Conclusion: The findings have ramifications for consumer policy, especially in safeguarding children and students. Health advisories prove ineffective when manufacturers can counter them with promotional campaigns. Additionally, levying additional taxes on such items has proven futile. Frequently, regulations' intended objectives diverge from their actual outcomes, as is evident in this scenario. Industries exhibit adaptability in navigating mandatory health warnings through compelling advertising cues.
Training and development of flipbook learning resources for Master Bimbel in Malang Regency
Authors: Khasanah Fitria , Isnaini Uha , Pujiati Eko , Marsono Marsono , Inayati Syarifah
Published: April 2024

Master Tutoring aims to help students study at home since the Covid-19 pandemic, when learning at school had to be done online. To realize innovative guidance, there is a system for using learning media, control cards for student progress reports, and regular learning evaluations for tutoring teachers. Apart from that, Master Tutoring plans to package teaching materials that will attract students' interest so that they are more motivated in learning. Thus, the aim of the IndoMS Serving activity is to improve the ability of Master Bimbel tutors in packaging teaching materials in the form of flipbook learning resources. The method used is Master Bimbel tutor training activities, which are carried out in several stages, including: 1) coordination, 2) training on the use of Canva and Heyzine, and 3) flipbook development. The results of this activity show an increase in the knowledge and skills of Master Bimbel tutors in developing teaching materials in the form of flipbook learning resources, which have been applied to Master Bimbel students.
Production of G0 potato seeds from in vitro cultured plantlets
Authors: Supriatna Jajang , Sabilah Lisma
Published: April 2024

Good quality seeds are needed to produce potato tubers that have high quantity and quality. Seed availability needs to be supported by propagation techniques through in vitro culture. The purpose of this technical note is to provide information regarding the production stages of G0 potato seeds from in vitro cultured plantlets. Data searches were carried out from January 23 to February 24 2023 at CV. Bumi Agro Technology, Kertawangi Village, Cisarua District, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Data was obtained from observations, field practice, discussions and interviews, as well as literature studies. The results of the data search obtained information on the production stages of G0 potato seeds, which consist of : management of plantlets originating from the IPB PPSHB Laboratory, acclimatization, transplanting, mini cuttings, land preparation, transplanting mini cuttings, maintenance including fertilizing, watering, replanting, controlling plant pest organisms, as well as harvesting and post-harvest. The results of these stages produce G0 potato seeds which are ready to be planted to produce G1 potato tubers or used as a source of explants in in vitro culture.
Young scientists science camp STEM-based as an effort to increase the competency of students in the Zainul Hasan Genggong Islamic boarding school
Authors: Taufiq Ahmad , Hidayat Arif , Suwono Hadi , Nikmah Ainun , Subadra ST. Ulfawanti Intan , Herawati Lya Rizka
Published: April 2024

The aim of this service is to increase the competency of students in the Zainul Hasan Genggong Islamic Boarding School, especially in the field of science. The method used in implementing this activity includes three stages, namely field survey and preparation, Young Scientists Science Camp activities, and the monitoring stage. Selected students are given training in selecting relevant research topics, involved in research in university laboratories, and guided in the preparation of scientific papers. Through this stage, participants are given hands-on training in scientific research and the use of technology. The output of this activity is in the form of 1 scientific article which was presented at the international scientific forum International Conference on Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline (ICATAM). Through this activity, it is hoped that participants' skills in research, use of technology and software will increase. Apart from that, participants can have insight into preparing scientific papers. This program is expected to contribute to improving participants' critical and creative thinking abilities, which are important aspects in facing changes in the industrial revolution 4.0. So this Young Scientists Science Camp program will make a valuable contribution in preparing the young generation with relevant skills for a future that is increasingly influenced by technology and global change.
Training on the implementation and evaluation of the merdeka curriculum for kindergarten teachers in Tangerang City
Authors: Utami Fitria Budi , Gumilar Yogi , Lestari Maya
Published: April 2024

One of the obstacles faced by teachers is the lack of adequate training and support from the government regarding the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. Even though teachers have a crucial role in the success of curriculum development, including in the implications and evaluation steps. This empowerment aims to make a positive contribution to improving the quality of education at the kindergarten level, by the objectives of the Merdeka Curriculum which prioritizes freedom and responsiveness in the learning process. This community service method takes the form of merdeka curriculum implementation training and is packaged in the form of a workshop on December 28, 2023. Participants in this activity are kindergarten teachers in Tangerang consisting of 20 participants from Al Wildan Islamic School. The results of this community service received a positive response and a high level of satisfaction from the participants. This shows that the workshop was successful in providing insight, practical experience, and significant scientific improvement.
Enhancing teacher capacity and parental engagement during the covid-19 pandemic at ABA Kindergarten
Authors: Sutrisno Resti Yulianti , Sutantri Sutantri , Sari Pramitha , Huriah Titih , Fahrizal Yanuar , Putra Rausan Fikri Priyana , Wulandari Bertha Tesma , Sarifah Siti Nenti
Published: April 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic necessitates teachers to be creative in conducting learning. Based on preliminary studies, the problem faced by ABA Kindergarten is the lack of teacher ability in creating attractive and innovative online teaching media. Additionally, forums for parents are still limited regarding how to prepare for safe learning in the pandemic era. The aim of this service is to enhance teacher capacity in creating online teaching media and increase knowledge in preparing for safe offline (face-to-face) learning during the pandemic. The service methods used include: 1) workshop on making online teaching media for teachers, and 2) parenting seminar for parents, teachers, and cadres. The results of the first program showed an increase in teachers' abilities in creating online teaching media, with all participants being able to create online learning videos and upload it to YouTube. The results of the second program revealed good knowledge regarding preparation for offline learning, with an average posttest score for health preparation (77.8), nutritional preparation (94.4), and anticipating gadget addiction (94.4).
Counseling on balanced nutrition 'isi piringku' to prevent stunting in toddlers aged 1-5 years
Authors: Imardiani Imardiani , Firnando Dodik , Franciska Triya Cindy , Wulandari Riska , Medira Tiara , Pramono Intan , Hamidah Wanda , Romadhona Suci , Lestari Indah Tri , Nurmala Intan
Published: April 2024

Toddlers are a vulnerable group affected by child nutrition issues, one of which is stunting. Stunting is a condition where a child experiences growth impairment, resulting in their height not matching their age due to chronic nutritional problems, specifically prolonged nutrient deficiency. Stunting is caused by two factors: the history of exclusive breastfeeding and maternal knowledge about nutrition. This community service activity aims to increase public knowledge about balanced nutrition guidelines through the "isi piringku" campaign. The activity is carried out using educational methods, utilizing posters and leaflets as aids for 55 participants. The results of the activity show an increase in knowledge after the "isi piringku" campaign, where before the campaign, the level of good knowledge was only 9.09% and increased to 81.82%.
Empowerment of coffee farmers in Gunung Manik Village through intercropping of honey bee (apis mellifera)
Authors: Kunaedi Aan , Angela Elva
Published: April 2024

The potential for utilizing the natural resources of Gunung Manik Village remains largely untapped. Abundant natural commodities such as coffee, cloves, cardamom, and others are available. Utilizing land through intercropping in coffee plantations provides dual benefits for farmers, including beekeeping of Apis Mellifera species. The goal of community empowerment is to develop the natural potential through honey cultivation found in the forests of Gunung Manik Village. The method used involves workshops for training in beekeeping management, honey harvesting, and the transfer of Apis Mellifera forest bee colonies into honey bee cultivation boxes in coffee plantations. The outcome of this activity is an increase in the understanding and skills of residents in harvesting forest honey and transferring bee colonies into cultivation boxes.
Physico-Chemical Methods for Studying Materials for the Production of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete
Authors: AKBEROVA S.M.
Published: April 2024

In modern construction, almost only cement concretes are used for monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures and facilities, prepared, as a rule, on natural stone aggregates from dense rocks. One of the widespread and relatively cheap local materials used for the manufacture of concrete is a sand-gravel mixture. The issue of using local materials of Azerbaijan to produce concrete and reinforced concrete is being considered. The properties of monolith (Yardymli district), latite (Lerik district), magnetite (Dashkesan district) and alunite (Dashkesan district) for the production of concrete and reinforced concrete are given.
The analysis of novel approaches to Arctic cities design
Authors: Remarchuk S. M.
Published: April 2024

The paper is devoted to novel approaches to the design of Arctic cities against global climate changes in permafrost regions. The paper studies demographic, ethnographic and tourist aspects of the city design in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.Methodology/approach: The development of new approaches to design and settlements in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The methodology and theory of this study is based in research of urban planners and architects engaged in problems of settlement in the Far North and design of modern residential and public buildings in the Arctic zone.Research findings: It is shown that approaches to the design of the urban environment and in the central and southern regions of our country are different. As a result, the main approaches are identified for Arctic cities.Practical implications: The proposed approaches can be used by urban planners and architects for the creation of new architectural complexes in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.
Affordable housing in Russia, Europe and USA in the 5–18th centuries
Authors: Ogienko E. L.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses problems of concept genesis and development of affordable housing in Russia, Europe, and the USA in the 5–18th centuries. Affordable housing plays an important role in the quality of life and social integration. Affordable housing originates from the history of European civilization and Christian axiology, where communal living and housing for the poor are determined.Purpose: The following types of housing are studied: bursas (5−15th centuries), almshouses (10−11th centuries), Fuggerei (16th century), Shaker (17−18th centuries) houses. Their master plans and facades are studied herein. Population categories for which housing is assigned are indicated as well as the period of residence and owners.Research findings: Affordable housing is built by private individuals. The housing development is influenced by the policy pursued by their governments and external factors such as socio-economic, demographic, political, administrative, legal conditions, which determine the role, goals and characteristics of housing. Housing types are determined according by the following parameters: residence duration, owners, residents, and their activities.
Parallel FEM for structural analysis of reinforced systems
Authors: Koyankin A. A.
Published: April 2024

Calculations in software systems based on the finite element method (FEM), performed with account for genetic nonlinearity, i.e., assembling, are not feasible for a number of construction problems. In particular, in buildings made of factory-made and cast-in-place concrete, the latter is gradually involved in deformation and external load processes. In reconstructed buildings, during the increase in the element cross-section (e.g., reinforced concrete or metal casing), the reinforcing and reinforced materials are also involved in deformation and external load processes at different time. As a result, there are initial stresses and strains in the "old" part of the element by the time its "new" part installation and strength gain. At the same time, in the reinforcing material or cast-in-place element, the stress-strain state is zero until the additional load is applied.Thus, during the structural analysis, a change in the finite element stiffness is required. But FEM software systems have no finite element capable of changing (increasing) the stiffness. This determines the relevance of the developed algorithm for the structural analysis of factory-made and cast-in-place concrete buildings using the parallel FEM.Purpose: The aim of this work is to improve the parallel FEM and develop a calculation algorithm based on it.Research findings: Based on the parallel FEM, the calculation algorithm is proposed for factory-made and cast-in-place concrete buildings. The proposed algorithm accounts for the structural properties of such buildings, including the gradual involvement of different-aged materials in the deformation process. Using the proposed algorithm, the structural analysis is conducted for the reconstructed system, in which the finite element is replaced by the parallel element, and the hinge coupling of elements is simultaneously replaced by a rigid one.
Evaluation of Various Factors Associated with Morbidity Among the Students of Different Universities of District Shaheed Benazirabad
Authors: Ali Bahadur , Ahmed Imran , ur Rehman Attiq
Published: April 2024

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of obesity, physical inactivity, and dietary habits among 300 university students in Shaheed Benazirabad, with half from the medical field. Data collected via a specific questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25 revealed that 55.33% of medical students and 62% of non-medical students were inactive, while 34.66% of medical students and 28% of non-medical students were minimally inactive. Obesity rates were 8% among medical students and 4.66% among non-medical students, with 18.66% of medical students and 11.33% of non-medical students classified as overweight. The study concluded that university students in Shaheed Benazirabad exhibit a high prevalence of overweight/obesity and a sedentary lifestyle, particularly among females. Recommendations include promoting physical activity and healthier dietary habits among university students to address these concerns.
The Effects of Plyometric Training on Agility
Authors: Luqman Muhammad Safdar , Abbas Syed Asif , Manzoor Mehwish
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study was to evaluate how football players' agility performance was affected by a 4-week plyometric training programme. at the school level. The study included 12 football players of GHSS Ramak Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan, aged between 15 to 18 years old, who followed the same twice- weekly workout schedule for a total of 8 sessions. The study was conducted using the one-group pre-posttest model of the experimental method. The Illinois Agility test was taken from each individual before the beginning of the training session and then following it. The findings revealed a noteworthy improvement in agility performance after the plyometric training program (t=5.32, p=0.001). This suggests that Plyometric training might be a useful method for enhancing agility in male football players, and can also be beneficial when performed for only 4 weeks. The study's findings can help coaches and trainers to improve the performance of their players.
External assessment of preoperative scores for predicting outcome after microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Xie Michael E. , Halbert-Elliott Kyra , Nair Sumil K. , Jun Jinwoo , Dong Bryan C. , Ran Kathleen R. , Kilgore Collin B. , Kalluri Anita , Yedavalli Vivek S. , Jackson Christopher M. , Lim Michael , Huang Judy , Bettegowda Chetan , Xu Risheng
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

Recently, two scoring systems have been developed for predicting pain-free outcomes after microvascular decompression (MVD). Evaluation of these scores on large external datasets has been limited. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the performance of published MVD scoring systems in predicting pain-free outcome.

METHODS

A total of 458 patients who underwent MVD for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) between 2007 and 2020 and had at least 6 months of follow-up were included in this study. Hardaway and Panczykowski scores were retrospectively computed for each patient and compared with postoperative pain recurrence and pain-free duration.

RESULTS

The mean ± SD area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting any pain recurrence after MVD was 0.567 ± 0.081 using the Hardaway score and 0.546 ± 0.085 using the Panczykowski score. On log-rank tests and Kaplan-Meier analysis, the patients with Hardaway scores of 0–2 had significantly shorter pain-free survival times after MVD than did those with a score of 3. Patients with a Panczykowski score of 1 had a significantly shorter pain-free duration after surgery compared with both patients with scores of 2–3 and patients with scores of 4–5. Patients with Panczykowski scores of 2–3 also had significantly shorter pain-free duration compared with patients with scores of 4–5.

CONCLUSIONS

Both the Hardaway and Panczykowski scores may be useful for predicting postoperative pain-free duration in TN patients, and their utility may be greatest when scores are clustered. Continued refinement of both scoring systems will help to improve our ability to predict patient outcomes after MVD.
Correlation of older age with better progression-free survival despite less aggressive resection in nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas
Authors: Shinya Yuki , Atkinson John L. D. , Erickson Dana , Bancos Irina , Pinheiro Neto Carlos D. , Davidge-Pitts Caroline J. , Peris Celda Maria , Herndon Justine S. , Hong Sukwoo , Van Gompel Jamie J.
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) present at a wide range of ages; it is possible that variable outcomes are based on patient age at presentation. This study aimed to explore long-term outcomes of patients with NFPAs following endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (ETS), considering age stratification.

METHODS

This retrospective study included 228 patients with NFPAs who underwent ETS, with a median follow-up period of 63 months. The outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS) rates and neurological and endocrinological outcomes. Age-stratified Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed. Patients were classified into four age groups: ≤ 49, 50–59, 60–69, and ≥ 70 years.

RESULTS

Age-stratified analysis showed a significant correlation between age and PFS in NFPAs (5-year PFS rates: 63.0% in those ≤ 49 years, 76.7% in those 50–59 years, 85.0% in those 60–69 years, and 88.1% in those ≥ 70 years; p = 0.001, log-rank test). Bivariate (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05; p = 0.001) and multivariable (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.05; p = 0.001) analyses demonstrated that older age was significantly associated with longer PFS. Multivariable analysis also demonstrated that smaller maximum tumor diameter (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60–0.99; p = 0.036) and gross-total resection (HR 8.55, 95% CI 3.90–18.75; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with longer PFS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that only younger age was associated with postoperative improvement of male hypogonadism (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84–0.99; p = 0.019). Other postoperative neurological and endocrinological outcomes were not significantly associated with age.

CONCLUSIONS

Older patients with NFPAs treated with ETS demonstrated a longer PFS. Of endocrinological outcomes studied, only male hypogonadism improvement was associated with younger patient age.
Optimal hippocampal targeting in responsive neurostimulation for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Skelton Henry M. , Bullinger Katie , Isbaine Faical , Lau Jonathan C. , Willie Jon T. , Gross Robert E.
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to identify features of responsive neurostimulation (RNS) lead configuration and contact placement associated with greater seizure reduction in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).

METHODS

A single-center series of patients with MTLE treated with RNS were retrospectively analyzed to assess the relationship between anatomical targeting and seizure reduction. Targeting was determined according to both the preoperatively conceived lead configuration and the actual placement of RNS contacts. Three lead configurations were used: 1) single bilateral, with 1 depth lead in each hippocampus; 2) single unilateral, with 1 hippocampal depth lead and another implant outside the mesial temporal lobe; and 3) dual unilateral, with 2 leads in 1 hippocampus. Contact placement on postoperative imaging was measured according to the number of hippocampal contacts per targeted hippocampus (contact density) and per patient (contact count), distribution throughout the hippocampus, and proximity to the anteromedial hippocampus.

RESULTS

Dual unilateral lead placement resulted in significantly higher hippocampal contact density compared with the single hippocampal approaches, but only showed a nonsignificant trend toward a higher rate of response. However, those patients with more than 4 contacts in a single hippocampus, achievable only with dual unilateral leads, had a significantly higher rate of response. The higher likelihood of response was poorly explained by more widespread hippocampal coverage, but well correlated with proximity to the anteromedial hippocampus.

CONCLUSIONS

Dual unilateral hippocampal implantation increased RNS contact density in patients with unilateral MTLE, which contributed to improved outcomes, not by stimulating more of the hippocampus, but instead by being more likely to stimulate a latent subtarget in the anterior hippocampus. It remains to be explored whether a single electrode targeted selectively to this region would also result in improved outcomes.
An inventory model where commodity prices depend on a continuous time Markov chain
Authors: Пресман Э.Л. , Сонин И.М.
Published: April 2024

Рассматривается модель управления запасами, когда производитель (фирма) должен с постоянной интенсивностью использовать для производства промежуточный продукт (товар). Цена товара является цепью Маркова с непрерывным временем, конечным числом состояний и известными переходными интенсивностями. Фирма может покупать товар по текущей цене либо использовать уже купленный и хранящийся на складе. Стоимость хранения пропорциональна количеству хранящегося товара. Целью фирмы является минимизация ожидаемых дисконтированных суммарных издержек. Доказывается, что существует оптимальная стратегия и она носит пороговый характер, т. е. для каждого состояния марковской цепи существует оптимальный уровень хранения товара. Приводится алгоритм нахождения оптимальных порогов и построения оптимального значения функционала. Это значение, которое зависит от начального состояния цепи и начального уровня запаса, мы называем функцией выигрыша. Показывается, что, как правило, оптимальная стратегия единственна, но при некоторых соотношениях между параметрами единственности нет. Описываются все возможные случаи неединственности и все оптимальные управления. В типичных задачах оптимизации в непрерывном времени для нахождения оптимальной стратегии при анализе уравнения оптимальности (уравнение Беллмана) обычно используется гладкое склеивание первых производных функции выигрыша. Специфика нашей модели приводит к тому, что уравнение оптимальности удобно выписывать не в непрерывном, а в дискретном времени для вложенной марковской цепи, гладкое склеивание имеет место для второй производной от функции выигрыша, рассуждения удобно проводить не с функцией выигрыша, а с ее производной.

We present an inventory model where a manufacturer (firm) uses for “production” a “commodity” (resource), which is consumed with unit intensity. The price of the commodity follows a stochastic process, modelled by a continuous time Markov chain with a finite number of states and known transition rates. The firm can buy this commodity at the current price or use “stored’’ one. The storage cost is proportional to the storage level. The goal of the firm is to minimize the total discounted performance cost. We prove the existence of an optimal strategy, which is defined by a vector of levels specifying the minimal commodity amount to keep for a given price. This is so called the “threshold” strategy. We also describe all situations when such a strategy is not unique. We present an algorithm to find an optimal strategy and the corresponding value functions. In typical optimization problems in continuous time involving Bellman (optimality) equation, a smooth pasting of the first derivatives of the value functions is used. A special feature of our model is that, in contrast to such situations, we have to prove and to use the continuity of the second derivatives. The inventory model described in our paper may have broader interpretation when resources are replaced by assets, consumption by demand, and storage costs by opportunity costs or transaction costs.
Forecasting spending on orphan diseases to maintain the long-run financial sustainability of healthcare system
Authors: Расстригин М.А. , Китаев А.Е. , Плешакова Е.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности прогнозирования расходов на лечение редких заболеваний, для подавляющего большинства из которых в настоящее время отсутствует информация о точном числе пациентов. Актуальность проблемы обуславливается наращиванием многими странами расходов на лечение таких заболеваний. В исследовании представлен универсальный подход к прогнозированию расходов на лечение любого неинфекционного редкого заболевания. Для построения таких прогнозов использовался метод передвижки возрастов и минимальный набор экзогенных параметров. Апробация указанного подхода была осуществлена с использованием российских данных на примере муковисцидоза и болезни Помпе, отличающихся по степени изученности, распространенности среди населения и полноте информации, и конкретного заказчика — Фонда «Круг добра». Полученные оценки числа пациентов с этими заболеваниями в 2022 г. не содержат резких отклонений от фактических значений за 2019–2021 гг., при этом динамика ожидаемых до 2050 г. расходов на лечение данных заболеваний не противоречит опубликованным экспертным материалам. Полученные данные подтвердили авторскую гипотезу, согласно которой прогнозирование расходов на лечение слабо изученных редких заболеваний возможно без существенной потери качества, что, в свою очередь, позволяет организовать систему прогнозирования указанных расходов с использованием сопоставимых оценок по практически любым редким заболеваниям. Полученные результаты могут быть применены для совершенствования процесса принятия финансовых решений органами государственной власти, благотворительными организациями и фармацевтическими компаниями в отношении лечения редких заболеваний, а также в отношении оценки рынка для новых лекарственных препаратов.

The paper deals with the rare diseases’ burden forecasting in the context of information gaps on these diseases. There are many countries pumping up public funding for rare diseases’ treatment despite lack of accurate data on patients numbers. This study is aimed at the formulation the one-size-fi ts-all approach for forecasting treatment costs of rare NCD. The approach is based on cohort component method and requires minimum exogenous data set. The model utilizing the proposed approach was developed for forecasting The Circle of Good Foundation’s treatment costs on cystic fibrosis and Pompe’s disease in 2022–2050. The authors found that forecasted number of patients in 2022 does not deviate dramatically from actual data for 2019–2021 and predicted cost pattern does not conflict with experts up to 2050. This supports study’s hypothesis that the quality of treatment costs forecast does not depend signifi cantly on prevalence and degree of knowledge of rare disease. The results will be of interest to government authorities, charity foundations and pharmaceutical companies for upgrading decision-making on funding rare diseases’ treatment costs and improvement market planning for new drugs in pharmaceutical companies.
Vertical collusion in public procurement: Estimation based on data for R&D composite auctions
Authors: Белёв С.Г. , Ветеринаров В.В. , Матвеев Е.О.
Published: April 2024

Одной из ключевых проблем в исследованиях государственных закупок является выявление признаков нарушений при их проведении, в том числе фаворитизма. В данной работе рассматриваются открытые конкурсы (с отбором победителя на основе не только ценового критерия) при закупках результатов научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских работ (НИОКР) в России. С помощью показателя частоты взаимодействия были выделены поставщики, потенциально аффилированные с заказчиками. Результаты эконометрического моделирования позволяют сделать вывод, что потенциально аффилированные поставщики выигрывают с итоговой ценой ближе к начальной максимальной цене контракта (НМЦК), чем независимые поставщики. Этот результат устойчив к изменению спецификации и разным методам оценки. Потенциально аффилированные участники имеют более высокие качественные оценки в конкурсах с потенциально аффилированными организаторами. При этом независимые участники получают в таких конкурсах более низкие оценки. Таким образом, у потенциально аффилированного участника есть возможность ставить более высокую цену, выигрывая за счет завышенного качественного критерия.

One of the key problems in public procurement research is identifying violation signs, including vertical collusion. This paper discusses composite auctions (with a selection of a winner based not only on the price criterion) in the procurement for the results of research and development (R&D) work in Russia. Using the metric of interaction frequency, we identified suppliers that were potentially affiliated with customers. The results of econometric modeling suggest that potentially affiliated suppliers win with the final price closer to the initial maximum contract price (IMCP) than independent suppliers. This result is robust to specifi cation changes and different evaluation methods. Potentially affiliated participants have higher quality scores in contests with potentially affiliated organizers. At the same time, independent participants receive lower scores in such auctions. Therefore, a potentially affi iated participant could set a higher price, winning due to an overstated quality criterion.
CEO decision-making horizon and R&D investments. Evidence from Russia
Authors: Степанова А.Н. , Подухович Д.С.
Published: April 2024

В этой статье поднимается проблема короткого горизонта принятия решений генеральных директоров публичных компаний и его влияния на инвестиции в будущее. Мы поднимаем этот вопрос для российского рынка, на котором как на волатильном развивающемся рынке проблема горизонтов инвестирования стоит остро. В этой работе на выборке из 76 российских компаний с 2013 по 2019 г. мы проверяем, как влияет горизонт принятия инвестиционных решений генерального директора в отношении исследований и разработок в России. В статье подтвержден факт наличия положительной зависимости между горизонтом решений и инвестициями в исследования и разработки на рассматриваемом рынке. Другими словами, личный короткий горизонт решений генерального директора значимо снижает инвестиции в исследования и разработки. Показано, что факт наличия давления на показатели эффективности компаний сокращает протяженность горизонта принятия решений генерального директора компаний. Интересно, что в предпандемийные годы, с 2016 по 2019 г., влияние на протяженность горизонта решений генерального директора компаний в отношении инвестиций в исследования и разработки становится сильнее. Полученные результаты могут иметь практическое применение в области определения стимулирующих контрактов и выплат бонусов менеджерам компаний.

Current paper raises the question of short-term decision horizon problem of a CEO and its influence on company’s future investments. We investigate the presence of such a problem on the Russian market on which this kind of problem seems to be more pronounced. In this paper, on a sample of 76 Russian companies from 2013 to 2019, we examine how CEO’s short-term investment horizon affects R&D in Russia. Firstly, we confirmed the existence of a positive relationship between the decision horizon and investment in R&D in the Russian market. In other words, the personal short termism of top managers significantly reduces company’s investments in R&D. Secondly, we showed that performance pressure on companies from the industry reduces the length of the CEO’s decision horizon. Moreover, if we shorten observation period and take pre-pandemic years 2016–2019, the influence of the CEO horizon on investment in R&D becomes stronger. The results of our research may have practical application in determining incentive contracts and bonus payments to top managers.
Real-time enhanced efficient thread level parallelism scheme for performance improvement in heterogeneous edge computing
Authors: Gandhi Indra , G. Kannan , Jawahar P. K.
Published: April 2024

In the era of technology, there is a need to rely on new high performance Heterogeneous embedded computing device to process a huge amount of data for various smart applications. Packing different architecture processor into a system on chip provides a substantial potential improvement in computing horsepower, but the maximum processing power of this heterogeneous edge computing processor can only be harnessed if the target software is actually configured to utilize all the processing elements. The proposed Enhanced Efficient thread level parallelism (EETLP) is implemented using CUDA in CPU-GPU based heterogeneous edge computing platform and analyzed with different size of matrix multiplication. From the experiment results, it was clearly observed that for the matrix size 1024x1024, Efficient Thread Level Parallelism (ETLP) using quad core CPU processor reduces 71% execution time and EETLP reduces 99% execution time compared to Basic Sequential Execution (BSE). In terms of Speedup, EETLP has achieved 5.5Kx speedup compare with ETLP and 19Kx speedup against BSE on CPU.
The governance of general education institutions: perspectives of the key players
Authors: Hoang Hai Nam , Nguyen Thang The , Luong Dinh-Hai , Nguyen Xuan-An , Hong Quan Le , Trinh Thach Ngoc
Published: April 2024

Vietnam's general education institutions are undergoing a significant transformation to meet the demands of the new policy system in terms of governance and to make internal changes to be able to meet society's demands as well. However, the content and concept of governance are still quite novel in the perception and operation of parents of students, professional groups, administrators, principals, vice principals, and other stakeholders who are primarily responsible for the institutions' operation. To determine how these participants understand the elements of the notion of "governance", an online survey was conducted. The responses were then collected and processed by Excel software. The findings indicate that these respondents' levels of awareness are generally similar, with a mean of over 4.3 on a five-level Likert scale. However, most noticeably, the professional group has a higher level of awareness than the other groups. Additional research is required on certain features of governance awareness and the connection between governance aspects and issues at institutions of general education.
Investigating information security risk management in Yemeni banks: An CILOS-TOPSIS approach
Authors: Al-Khulaidi Abdualmajed Ahmed Ghaleb , Nasser Adel Abdulsalam , Al-ashwal Mohammed Hussein Yahya , Al-Ashwal Mujib Mohammed  Yahya , Altayeb Alrasheed Mohammed
Published: April 2024

In today's digital age, the banking sector faces increasing challenges in ensuring operational resilience, protecting customer assets, and maintaining a competitive edge. Prioritizing information security risk management (ISRM) practices is crucial to effectively address these challenges. This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method in evaluating and improving ISRM practices in Yemeni banks. The study employs an integrated CILOS-TOPSIS model, considering two criteria and five sub-criteria, with criteria weights determined using the CILOS method. The results highlight the significance of specific criteria in ISRM, with the existence of a comprehensive business continuity and disaster recovery plan (C2.1) standing out as a top priority (weight: 0.266). Additionally, the frequency of data backups and the presence of an active backup policy (C2.2) and the adequacy of physical security measures (C1.1) are identified as crucial factors (weights: 0.228 and 0.203, respectively). Furthermore, the TOPSIS method is employed to rank 13 banks based on these criteria, revealing the top-performing banks as B10, B4, B13, B1, and B12. Conversely, the 7th, 5th, and 6th ranked banks require attention for improvement. The paper provides comprehensive details on criteria weighting, bank ranking, and recommendations for enhancements. The findings presented in this paper offer valuable insights to decision-makers in the banking sector, enabling them to effectively guide their efforts and allocate resources to areas, controls, and banks that require greater attention.
The subjectivity portrayed in online news under the theme of COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Humaizi  , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Subjectivity is a crucial problem in the news and can be seen through the representation of clause projection. This current study attempts to investigate the subjectivity portrayed in online news text. Dealing with this, qualitative approach through content analysis method was used as research design. The data were selected purposively from twenty online news from reputable newspaper in Indonesia under the theme of COVID-19 pandemic. The data itself were in the clauses forms and analyzed by using the theory of logical function. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that that the news has low subjectivity indicated by the domination of locution clauses rather than idea clauses (either in paratactic or hypotactic form). Locution clause are represented by the process such as ujar (said), ungkap (state), berkata (said), tambah (add), terang (explain), jelas (explain), urai (elaborate), tutur (state), and imbuh (add). Meanwhile, the indication of ‘subjectivity’ in the data includes the idea clauses represented by the process such as pungkas (conclude), menurut (thinks), pikir (thinks), and asumsi (assume). It can be inferred that the news writers and editors consistently keep the information as original as it is by maintaining the objectivity.
Penerapan Unsur Tindak Pidana Aborsi Oleh Penyidik Berdasarkan Alat Bukti Yang Digunakan
Authors: Lesmono Joko Hendro , Fitriati
Published: April 2024

Sanksi pidana terhadap wanita yang menggugurkan kandungannya tercantum pada Pasal 75 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum dengan spesifikasi yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Penerapan unsur tindak pidana aborsi oleh penyidik pada Satreskrim Polresta Padang dengan penggunaan alat bukti berupa keterangan saksi, keterangan ahli dan surat. Surat berupa rekaman medis, dokumen terkait lainnya dan keterangan ahli berupa penjelasan dari ahli kefarmasian mengenai jenis obat yang digunakan dan akibat dari penggunaan obat tersebut. Pada alat bukti Keterangan Saksi, Penyidik memperoleh informasi terkait cara dilakukan aborsi. Saksi-saksi ini terdiri dari petugas medis, saksi mata, atau orang yang terlibat dalam tindakan tersebut. Keterangan Ahli yaitu Ahli medis atau ahli forensik dapat memberikan keterangan apakah aborsi tersebut ilegal atau tidak. Serta ahli kefarmasiaan yang menerangkan tentang indikasi obat yang digunakan. Kendala Penerapan unsur tindak pidana aborsi oleh penyidik pada Satreskrim Polresta Padang dengan pengunaan alat bukti adalah kurangnya kemampuan Petugas Penyidik dalam menggunakan alat bukti seperti alat bukti rekam medis dan obat-obatan. Sulitnya mencari saksi juga menjadi permasalahan dalam proses penyidikan. Pihak kepolisian kesulitan dalam mencari informasi dan mengumpulkan data tersangka yang berhubungan dengan kasus tidak pidana aborsi, karena aborsi merupakan aib bagi seorang wanita yang berarti jika memberikan informasi berarti membuka aib mereka sendiri.  Sulitnya membuka rahasia medis Pasien yang enggan memberikan keterangan atau alat bukti yang memadai kepada penyidik, karena takut atau karena faktor-faktor pribadi. Aborsi sering dilakukan secara diam-diam, dan bukti fisik mungkin terbatas atau sulit diakses. Ini bisa menjadi kendala dalam memastikan adanya tindakan aborsi ilegal. Hukum dan regulasi yang rumit, setiap yurisdiksi memiliki hukum yang berbeda terkait aborsi, dan hal ini dapat mempengaruhi cara penyidik mengumpulkan dan menggunakan bukti dalam penyidikan. Pada beberapa kasus, penyidik mungkin menghadapi keterbatasan teknologi dalam mengumpulkan bukti, terutama jika mereka harus mengandalkan rekaman medis atau perangkat lainnya.
Peran Tokoh Adat Pada Proses Mediasi Penal Penyelesaian Perkara Kecelakaan Lalulintas yang Mengakibatkan Matinya Orang
Authors: Rosadi Otong , Mardianto
Published: April 2024

Pasal 2 Peraturan Kapolri No 8 Tahun 2021, tentang Penanganan Tindak Pidana Berdasarkan Restorative Justice. kecelakaaan lalu lintas telah diatur didalam Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan yang diatur dalam Pasal 310 dan Pasal 311. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum dengan spesifikasi yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Peran tokoh adat dalam mediasi penal oleh Satlantas Polres Solok Kota terhadap tindak pidana kecelakaan lalulintas yang mengakibatkan matinya orang adalah sebagai mediator dalam mekanisme mediasi penal adat dengan berdamai. Proses yang dilalui adalah pelaku biasanya dengan kesadaran sendiri ditemani keluarga dan tokoh adat mendatangi kediaman korban dan/keluarga korban. Adanya ungkapan permintaan maaf dari pihak pelaku dan/atau keluarga, dan kesediaan pelaku untuk membayar ganti kerugian (denda adat). Keluarga korban menyampaikan keinginan/ tanggapannya kepada tokoh adat. Setelah ada kesepakatan tentang pembayaran denda adat antara pelaku dan keluarga korban, lalu ditentukan waktu pembayaran/ pelaksanaan isi dari kesepakatan tersebut. Kehadiran tokoh adat dapat membuat perdamaian tanpa merugikan salah satu pihak baik itu korban maupun pelaku. Kendala dalam peran tokoh adat dalam mediasi penal oleh Satlantas Polres Solok Kota adalah adanya penafsiran yang berbeda dari masing-masing personel Polri terkait restorative justice dan juga tokoh Masyarakat. adanya benturan kepentingan serta kecurigaan terhadap tokoh adat oleh pelaku dan korban kecelakaan lalu lintas. Kadangkala orang yang menjadi pelaku tersebut hanyalah orang biasa yang tidak memiliki harta benda, dibandingkan dengan nilai kerugian yang dialami korban semisal luka ringan dan meminta kompensasi puluhan juta rupiah. Sehingga tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh korban dan mengakibatkan pihak pelaku menjalani proses hukum lanjutan atau bahkan dipenjara dan tokoh adat tidak berhasil dalam memediasi masalah ini. Kendala lainnya adalah mediator yang tidak menguasai teknik mendiasi dan meredam emosional para pihak agar berjalan dengan baik. Strategi-strategi tersebut akan mudah untuk mewujudkan Restorative Justice yang memberikan hak dan kepentingan para pihak yang terlibat.
Velocity of the Escaped Savings and Financial Liquidity (With and Without Minimum Mixed Savings)
Authors: Challoumis Constantinos
Published: April 2024

This paper is about the velocities of the escaped savings and of the financial liquidity, using the minimum mixed savings. This means that it has analyzed the behavior of the cycle of money in normal circumstances subject to the velocity of escaped savings and the velocity of financial liquidity in combination with the minimum mixed savings. Therefore, it has determined how the economy works based on its cycle of money. Thence, it is plausible to conclude about the consumption and the investments in each economy. For this analysis, the Q.E. method approach has been applied.
Pendekatan Ekonomi Sirkular sebagai Model Pengembangan Bisnis melalui Pemanfaatan Aplikasi pada Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Pasca Covid-19
Authors: Fadhillah Muhammad Haris , Fahreza Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Some research about economic restoration after covid-19 have been researched, but nothing is focused on discussing circular economy (CE). Circular economy is an alternative to reduce waste and fix the environment. CE maximizing benefit between economic and environment. This research is implemented by the CE approach of Ellen Macarthur Foundation, there is reduce, reuse, recycle, refurbish, and renew. The results of this research show that SME in Kabupaten Sumedang have enormous potential in improving their standard of living which combines economic and environment. As it supports a circular economy, the application based on technology is very helpful in the process of its implementation.