bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faktor pembelajaran tahfiz program huffaz profesional di Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN)
Authors: Abd Hamid Muhammad Hafizan , Mat Isa Abdul Aziz , Ishak Hamdi
Published: September 2021

Program tahfiz di peringkat pengajian tinggi bermula secara formal dengan penubuhan Darul Quran JAKIM. Perkembangan pengajian tahfiz memperlihatkan penerimaan yang positif di peringkat pengajian tinggi dengan wujudnya pengajian tahfiz secara bersepadu di antara pengajian tahfiz dan akademik. Walau bagaimanapun, masih terdapat banyak kelemahan dan kekurangan dalam amalan pembelajaran tahfiz yang perlu diperhalusi dan ditambah baik. Objektif kajian ini ialah bagi mengkaji sistem pengajaran dan pembelajaran tahfiz di UNITEN. Kajian ini juga bertujuan menganalisis amalan sistem pembelajaran tahfiz mengikut jantina dan struktur pengajian. Kajian tinjauan berbentuk kuantitatif ini bertujuan melihat faktor pembelajaran tahfiz yang melibatkan 83 responden pelajar lepasan Pensijilan Tahfiz Al-Quran JAKIM-UNITEN. Pemilihan sampel berdasarkan kaedah persampelan bertujuan ini mengikut jadual persampelan Krejcie dan Morgan. Maklum balas diperolehi melalui instrumen soal selidik. Data kajian diproses menggunakan perisian IBM SPSS Statistics versi 19.0 melibatkan analisis deskriptif untuk menjelaskan profil responden dan analisis inferensi menerusi ujian-t untuk melihat perbezaan faktor pembelajaran tahfiz berdasarkan jantina dan struktur pengajian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan faktor pembelajaran tahfiz berada pada tahap sederhana tinggi. Hasil kajian juga tidak menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan dalam faktor pembelajaran tahfiz berdasarkan jantina dan struktur pengajian. Implikasi kajian ini dapat memberi impak dalam meningkatkan kualiti pembelajaran tahfiz khususnya di peringkat pengajian tinggi. Program tahfiz di peringkat pengajian tinggi perlu diteruskan agar kemukjizatan al-Quran ini terus terpelihara dan akan melahirkan generasi berilmu dan celik al-Quran.
Masalah Semantik dalam terjemahan Majāz Mursal al-Quran: analisis terhadap hubungan Musabbab
Authors: Abdullah Nasimah , Samsudin Saifulah , Suliman Nor Fatihah
Published: September 2021

Terdapat pelbagai jenis unsur figuratif dalam al-Quran dan pakar bidang linguistik Arab menamakannya majāzī. Majāz Mursal merupakan salah satu daripada unsur figuratif yang merujuk kepada kaedah penggunaan perkataan yang maknanya berlainan daripada makna sebenar dan mempunyai hubungan tidak setara dengan kata iringan (qarīnah) yang dapat dilihat atau disebut di dalam ayat. Hubungan antara maksud asal dengan maksud dikehendaki bukan berunsurkan penyerupaan, tetapi mengandungi hubungan kemaknaan. Ini bermakna majāz mursal mengalami perubahan semantik yang perlu ditafsirkan dengan jelas agar maksud sebenarnya dapat disampaikan dengan tepat ke dalam bahasa sasaran. Penulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis terjemahan ayat al-Quran yang mengandungi majāz mursal ke bahasa Melayu untuk melihat kesepadanan maksud sebenar yang terdapat dalam mesej al-Quran dengan teks sasaran. Kajian ini hanya tertumpu kepada hubungan kesan atau akibat (musabbab). Kajian ini adalah kajian kepustakaan dan bersifat kualitatif kerana mengguna pakai kaedah analisis kandungan dalam menganalisis terjemahan gayabahasa majāz mursal. Dua teks terjemahan al-Quran oleh Mahmud Yunus dan Abdullah Basmeih dijadikan korpus kajian untuk melihat pendekatan yang digunakan oleh kedua-dua teks tersebut. Sembilan ayat al-Quran yang mengandungi majāz mursal daripada kategori hubungan musabbab dipilih untuk dianalisa. Untuk mengukur ketepatan dan kesepadanan mesej bahasa sumber dengan bahasa sasaran, pentafsiran kitab-kitab tafsir dan kitab ulum al-Quran yang muktabar dirujuk seperti al-Kashshāf karya al-Zamakhsharī, al-Burhān karya al-Zarkashī, Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī karya al-Ṭabarī, al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr karya Ibn ‘Āshūr, al-Itqān karya al-Suyūṭī dan al-Tafsīr al-Munīr karya Wahbah al-Zuhailī. Kajian ini mendapati wujudnya terjemahan yang tidak menepati kehendak makna sebenar mesej al-Quran ekoran penggunaan pendekatan secara literal. Justeru, strategi terjemahan lain perlu diguna pakai agar makna sebenar mesej al-Quran dapat disampaikan kepada pembaca sasaran. Walau bagaimanapun, adakalanya majāz mursal boleh diterjemahkan secara literal jika sekiranya tiada kekeliruan pada maksud asal mesej al-Quran.
Pakatan Harapan dan Senario Politik Kelantan: Analisis Pengajaran Politik Pasca PRU 14 (2018-2020)
Authors: Syed Sopi Saiyid Radzuwan
Published: September 2021

The 14th general election (GE 14) reveals that Pakatan Harapan (PH) had become a ruling party (2018-2020), but they failed to get any parliamentary or state assembly seats in Kelantan. The failure of PH to expand their influence in Kelantan is due to several traditional factors that are difficult for PH to break it out. This study is a qualitative study and reference materials that are physical and online are used as reference sources. In addition, information regarding political scenario in Kelantan also obtained through interviews with some respondents live in Kelantan. Therefore, this research found that the desire of PH to expand their influence in Kelantan was blurred. This is because PAS wisely set up a long-term political strategy by strengthening the education system under YIK, producing many hardcore supporters or fanatic followers, controlling the ‘surau’ and the mosques according to their needs and control of the state administration. Furthermore, PH needs to make concrete reformations to the party’s management such as producing talented young leaders and fostering a spirit of cooperation among members of the PH coalition if they are still interested in power in Kelantan.
Faktor-Faktor Sosial dan Amalan Akhlak Dalam Kalangan Murid-Murid Sekolah-Sekolah Menengah Di Malaysia
Authors: Tamuri Ab Halim , Ismail Ahmad Munawar
Published: September 2021

The main objective of this study was to examine the students’ perception on the effect of social factors on students’ akhlak practices. This survey was a quantitative research and employed a set of questionnaire to collect data from the samples. The samples were form four and lower six students who were sellected from several secondary schools in Malaysia using the multi stage cluster sampling method. 3,262 students were involved in this study. The data were analysed using SPSS software. From this study, we may conclude that the students’ perception on the social factors that contributed towards akhlak practices was positive and the total overall mean was high i.e. 3.83. It also showed that parent and Islamic education factors were two main factors that contributed towards students’ akhlak practices. These were followed by community, law enforcement and school environment factors. Two other weakest factors i.e. artists and peers were only at moderate level and it seems that these two factors less contributed to the students’ akhlak practices.
PROFITABILITY OF ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE IN INDONESIA: DOES THE TYPE OF FINANCING MATTER?
Authors: Chitra Yuliashri Katili  , Rifadli D. Kadir
Published: September 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of Inflation Variables, CAR, NPF, Murabahah Financing, Mudharabah Financing, and Musyarakah Financing on the Profitability of Sharia BPRs in Indonesia. This study uses time series data from 2016-2020. The data is processed using the Error Correction Model (ECM). This study concludes that Murabahah Financing Variables have a significant influence and other variables, namely Inflation, CAR, NPF, Mudharabah Financing and Musyarakah Financing have no effect on the Profitability of Sharia BPRs in Indonesia. Thus, the type of financing affects the profitability of Sharia BPR in Indonesia
La Paz en Jaque: retos y perspectivas en la implementación de los acuerdos de La Habana
Authors: Duarte Carlos
Published: September 2021

El “Acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera”, a pesar de sus innegables dificultades, todavía representa una oportunidad de transformación para la sociedad colombiana en varios puntos que históricamente se han identificado como neurálgicos: desarrollo agrario integral; participación política; problema de las drogas ilícitas; reparación de víctimas y la reincorporación de los guerrilleros de las farc. Si bien las experiencias internacionales auguraban un periodo inicial plagado de dificultades en la implementación de dicho Acuerdo, la visión de las partes parecía inclinarse por un voto de confianza mutuo, bajo el cual, gran parte de los obstáculos eran en esencia cuestión de tiempo. A mediano plazo Estado y sociedad comprenderían el tamaño y la importancia del acuerdo logrado, generando una dinámica irreversible en favor de la consolidación de la paz y la reconciliación nacional.

Sin embargo, tras dos años de implementación de los acuerdos de paz, el marco legislativo y normativo requerido para la implementación de cada uno de los puntos acordados en la Habana –algunos de ellos bajo el mecanismo vía fastrack–, no solo no han surtido el efecto esperado, sino que las expectativas de los protagonistas de la firma de paz han disminuido considerablemente, en correspondencia con el giro que en este sentido representó el cambio de gobierno.
Sobre derechos humanos en la actividad empresarial en entornos multiculturales (e interculturales)
Authors: Duque Muñoz Luisa Fernanda , Álvarez Tobar Laura , Fernández Merchán María Jimena
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo sugiere una aproximación metodológica para aplicar el enfoque de derechos humanos a la actividad empresarial en entornos multiculturales (o interculturales), zonas con influencia del conflicto armado o donde exista una ausencia del Estado. Para ello se lleva a cabo una revisión de dos casos (María la Baja y Buenaventura), los cuales permiten examinar la relación entre empresas y derechos humanos, a la luz de los Principios Rectores sobre las empresas y los derechos humanos (PR), y su ejecución en Colombia. Se insiste en la importancia de continuar con el estudio de este tema y en que las empresas, en tanto actores con amplia injerencia en los territorios, den cumplimiento a estos principios.

Abstract: This paper proposes a methodology for applying the human rights approach to business activity in multicultural (or intercultural) environments; areas that are under the influence of armed conflict; or where there is poor State presence. Through the examination of 2 case studies (María la Baja and Buenaventura) we examine the relationship between business and human rights, under the framework of the Guiding Principles on Human Rights and Business and their implementation in Colombia. We focus on the importance of addressing this issue and demanding one of the actors that has more influence in territories, such as corporations, to comply with these principles.

Keywords: Corporations and human rights, Guiding principles on business and human rights, National Action Plans, Multiculturality, Interculturality, Methodology.
16 de mayo de 1984: pasado y presente en disputa. Algunas reflexiones a propósito del aniversario 35 de los acontecimientos
Authors: Flórez Herrera Juan Sebastián
Published: September 2021

Las memorias de los acontecimientos violentos del 16 de mayo de 1984 en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia han sido un tema de debate y disputa recurrente. El estudiantado nombró lo ocurrido como una masacre y denunció desapariciones forzadas masivas, mientras que otros sectores negaron o desestimaron estas afectaciones, se centraron en la violencia ejercida por las y los universitarios y los instigaron a probar sus denuncias. Este artículo aborda la relación problemática entre el negacionismo y las denuncias de las víctimas, en relación con las posibilidades de construir relatos esclarecedores. En su desarrollo, se pudo constatar que las posturas negacionistas ignoran o evaden hechos que permiten comprender este suceso como un caso de victimización del estudiantado.

 

Abstract: The violent happenings and memories from May the 16th of 1984 at Universidad Nacional de Colombia have been recurrent topic of discussion. The student body named the happening as a massacre, and denounced massive forced disappearances, while other sectors denied or dismissed this affectations focusing on the violence exerted by the students and demanded them to prove their denounces. This text deals with the troublesome relation between negationism and the victims’ memories, in relation to the possibilities of building enlightening tales that admit the sense of its experience. In its development, it could be seen that the denialist postures ignore or evade facts that allow it to understand this as a victimization case against the student body.

Keywords: May the 16th, students, victims, press, truth.
Memorias del conflicto armado en el corregimiento sur-oriental de Fusagasugá (1990-2003)
Authors: Tinjacá Gómez David Fernando , Usaquén Cobos Wilmer Alexander
Published: September 2021

Colombia ha sufrido por más de cinco décadas un conflicto armado interno que ha generado profundos impactos en la población civil, en particular para los campesinos. Históricamente la región del Sumapaz ha sido uno de los epicentros de esta confrontación que, durante el periodo comprendido entre 1990-2003, adquirió características particulares debido a la expansión de los actores armados enfrentados. En este artículo se analiza cómo se desarrolló ese enfrentamiento en el corregimiento suroriental de Fusagasugá; con este objetivo, se hace énfasis en los relatos de las personas que vivieron los hechos, para así proyectar el problema de la memoria histórica en la región campesina del Sumapaz. Lo anterior permite observar las experiencias de los sujetos frente al fenómeno de la violencia y cómo son recordados estos, de cara a un periodo de posacuerdo, momento en el que se hace necesario conocer y dar sentido a las memorias de quienes sufrieron los mayores impactos de nuestra guerra.

Abstract: Colombia has suffered an armed conflict for more than five decades with deep impacts on civilians, particularly the peasantry. Historically, the Sumapaz region has been one of the epicenters of this confrontation, with very particular features from 1990 to 2003, due to the expansion of armed actors. This paper analyzes how the confrontation took place in the southeastern corregimiento of Fusagasugá, from the perspective of the people who experienced it firsthand, in order to contribute to the historical memory of the peasant region of Sumapaz. This exercise allows to observe the divergent interpretations that exist about the same phenomenon of violence, which is useful facing the current period of post agreement, where it is necessary to know and make sense of the memories of those who suffered the greatest impacts of our war.

Keywords: Armed conflict, FARC, memories, Sumapaz.
Memoria y apropiación del pasado: una interpretación de la lucha en Oaxaca, México
Authors: Bautista Martínez Eduardo Carlos , Juárez López Iván Israel
Published: September 2021

La dificultad teórico-metodológica del artículo se sintetiza en las siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cómo abordar luchas que tienen expresiones en la memoria colectiva e imaginarios populares? ¿Es posible la comprensión de estas luchas bajo los marcos analíticos de la acción colectiva y los movimientos sociales? ¿En qué términos puede justificarse esta relación? Y, si no es así, ¿qué otras propuestas teórico-metodológicas resultan útiles para comprender las luchas que buscan recuperar y apropiarse del pasado? Nuestro supuesto es que las luchas con expresiones en los imaginarios populares y la memoria colectiva están negadas en los rasgos visibles e inmediatos de la acción colectiva y los movimientos sociales que responden más bien a programas racionales y jerárquicos. El objetivo de este artículo es desarrollar una propuesta teórico-metodológica que dé lugar a la comprensión de aquellas luchas ancladas en la vida local y que también nos permita recuperar los rasgos y cualidades negados en los marcos analíticos predominantes. Para sustentar estos argumentos, se retoma la experiencia de activistas que irrumpieron en los acontecimientos en Oaxaca, entidad del sureste mexicano, a partir del año 2006. Abstract: The theoretical-methodological difficulty of the article is summarized in the following questions: How to address the struggles that have expressions in collective memory and popular imaginary? Is it possible to understand these struggles under the analytical frameworks of collective action and social movements? In what terms can this relationship be justified? And if not, what other theoretical-methodological proposals are useful to understand the struggles that seek to recover and appropriate the past? Our assumption is that struggles with expressions in the collective memory and the popular imaginary are denied in the visible and immediate characteristics of collective action and social movements that respond rather to rational and hierarchical programs. Therefore, the objective of this article is to develop a theoretical-methodological proposal that allows the understanding of these struggles anchored in local life and at the same time allows recovering the aspects that have been denied by the dominant analytical frameworks. To support these arguments, let’s recover the experience of the activists who broke into the events that took place in 2006 in Oaxaca, an entity located in southern Mexico. Keywords: sociology, social movements, memory, struggle, antagonism, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Pequeñas empresas y reacciones sociales ante la construcción de una autopista en el golfo de México
Authors: Moreno Andrade Saúl Horacio
Published: September 2021

Las micro y pequeñas empresas que se fueron estableciendo a orilla de carretera en un municipio del estado mexicano de Veracruz, ubicado en la costa del golfo de México, pusieron las condiciones objetivas para la activación de reacciones sociales ante la construcción de una autopista que une a las ciudades de Xalapa y Puerto de Veracruz. Las reacciones sociales —negociación, resistencia y aceptación— se debieron, en parte, a la amenaza a las economías locales que implicaba la reducción del flujo vehicular, pero también al impacto a un modo de vida. Aquí explicamos la importancia de que las decisiones públicas consideren los intereses de los ciudadanos ante los proyecto globales.

Abstract: The micro and small companies that were established at the edge of the road in a municipality of the Mexican state of Veracruz, located on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, set the objective conditions for the activation of social reactions to the construction of a highway that unites the cities of Xalapa and Puerto de Veracruz. The social reactions (negotiation, resistance and acceptance) were due, in part, to the threat to local economies that implied the reduction of vehicular flow, but also to the impact on a way of life. Here we explain the importance of public decisions considering the interests of citizens before global projects.

Keywords: public decision, social reactions, local economies, small companies, highway construction
Estado Inconstitucional y pandemias
Authors: Sánchez Ángel Ricardo , Romo Mateo
Published: September 2021

La pandemia del coronavirus acapara toda la atención. Para los pueblos del mundo, se trata de una amenaza superlativa; para muchos Estados, en cambio, es la cortina de humo bajo la cual ocultan su rostro. En ella ven la oportunidad para cambiar de personaje y de máscara. El poder mediático convierte al COVID-19 en el gran villano, y a algunos gobernantes, en héroes. Sin embargo, el COVID no es más que la punta del iceberg de un sistemático entramado de praxis discriminatorias y grietas estructurales: el Estado inconstitucional, que desde vieja data ha gestado una oleada de pandemias sociales. Colombia es un ejemplo paradigmático al respecto. Para ilustrar esta tesis, se analiza el fenómeno de impunidad ante delitos sexuales.

Unconstitutional State and Pandemics

Abstract: The coronavirus pandemic gets all the attention. For people of the world, it is a superlative threat; instead, for many States, it is the smokescreen under which they hide their faces. On it, they see the opportunity to change their character and mask. The media’s power makes COVID-19 the great villain, and some rulers into heroes. However, the COVID is only the tip of the iceberg of a systematic network of discriminatory practices and structural cracks: the unconstitutional State, which from long ago has created a wave of social pandemics. Colombia is a paradigmatic example in this regard. To illustrate this thesis, the phenomenon of impunity for sexual crimes is analyzed.

 

Keywords: Unconstitutional State, social pandemics, impunity.
Factors affecting energy consumption and productivity in greenhouses
Authors: Younesi-Alamouti Mohammad , Khafajeh Hamid , Zarein Mohammad
Published: September 2021

Aim of study: To investigate the impact factors affecting the greenhouse environment on energy consumption and productivity.Area of study: Alborz province of Iran during the period 2018–2020.Material and methods: In this study, 18 active units of greenhouse owners in Alborz province of Iran that had necessary standards were identified. Then, upper and lower amplitudes of the variables affecting productivity and energy consumption in greenhouses were calculated using a type-2 fuzzy neural network, Matlab 2017 software. Area, temperature, energy exchange, environmental evapotranspiration and relative humidity were studied as indicators.Main results: With each unit of temperature, energy consumption and productivity increased by 0.737% and 0.741%, respectively; with each unit of energy exchange, they increased by 0.813% and 0.696%, respectively; with each unit of evaporation and transpiration of the environment, they increased by 0.593% and 0.869%, respectively; and with each unit of humidity, they increased by 0.398% and 0.509%, respectively.Research highlights: The factors affecting the greenhouse environment such as area, temperature, evapotranspiration and relative humidity had a significant effect on productivity in studying greenhouses and therefore increasing their productivity. According to the results, the model’s ability in energy consumption was better than that for energy efficiency prediction. Also, greenhouse ranking was done by FAHP method.
Significant bradycardia in patient with COVID-19 sepsis: Full management review
Authors: Nguyen Lac , Le Chuong , Pham Steven , Tran San , Hoang Thanh , Nguyen Khiet , Nguyen Thoai , Chaudhry Hashim , Tran Nghi , Mai Ngoc , Brockman Michael , Phan Vien , Goyal Amandeep , Tran Phillip
Published: September 2021

Cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19 infection remain an ongoing study. We present a case of significant bradycardia in the patient with COVID-19 sepsis. We discuss about the possible mechanism, pathophysiology, and management in this pathology.
Guides as Mediators of Memory: On the Holocaust and Antisemitism – 75 Years Later
Authors: Dorot Ruth , Davidovich Nitza
Published: September 2021

This article deals with the relationship between the Holocaust and antisemitism, focusing on the events of 2020-2021. The point of departure is the fifth World Holocaust Forum at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, held under the slogan: “Remembering the Holocaust, fighting antisemitism”. The event took place at the invitation of Israel’s president, Reuven Rivlin, in advance of the 75th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz and International Holocaust Remembrance Day (January 23, 2020). Content analysis of the speeches given by presidents and prime ministers from around the world reinforce the insights of the Holocaust and the association with current-day antisemitism. In March 2020 the COVID-19 virus appeared, and a wave of antisemitism surfaced with it. Analysis of contents that appeared on websites and social networks reveals vitriolic antisemitism against Jews as generators of the virus, being the virus themselves.This study utilized the method of anthropologist Clifford Geertz (1926-2006), who established the interpretive approach to anthropology for analyzing culture contents. This, with regard to content analysis in general and to the contents of social networks and their contribution to antisemitism, in particular. Operation “Guardian of the Walls” in Gaza in 2021 further fanned antisemitism. Content analysis of websites and social networks portrays the Jewish soldier as a Nazi soldier and all Jews as murderers – with all the Holocaust symbols and Holocaust language.The study seeks to examine whether and to what degree the educational system in general and guides of youth trips to Poland as mediators of memory in particular, are prepared for the educational challenge of eradicating antisemitism in the post-Holocaust era. The research findings show that the challenge still awaits us. Education is an essential instrument in the battle against antisemitism but the educational system, both formal and informal, is not prepared.
Text-Relevant Video Segments and Reading Comprehension of Culturally Unfamiliar Texts with Adult Speakers of English as a Second Language (ESL)
Authors: Karami Amirreza , Bowles Freddie A.
Published: September 2021

This pilot study is a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study that investigated the effects of watching text-relevant video segments supported by the Schematic Information-Processing (SIP) model of reading comprehension on reading comprehension of adult speakers of English as a Second Language (ESL) in terms of text familiarity and the retention of the content of a culturally unfamiliar text. Twenty homogeneous participants were randomly assigned to two groups: one control group and one experimental group. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in both the immediate and delayed post-tests. Qualitative findings also highlight the effectiveness of implementing text-relevant video segments supported by the SIP model over traditional text-based reading instruction in terms of reading comprehension and retention of the content of the culturally unfamiliar passage. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed in detail. 
Emotional Labor and Place Attachment in Rural Tourism: The Mediating Role of Perceived Authenticity
Authors: Shi Yunxia , Zhang Rumeng , Ma Chunhao
Published: September 2021

Place attachment can effectively increase the revisit rate of tourists, which is significant for the sustainability of rural tourism. However, previous studies have rarely explored what kind of host-guest emotional closeness can promote tourist place attachment. This study explores the relationship between local residents’ emotional labor strategy, perceived authenticity, and tourists’ place attachment based on the rural tourism context. A total of 266 valid questionnaires were collected from rural tourists in Yantai as the research subjects by random sampling method. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses. The results showed that local residents’ deep acting positively influenced tourists’ place attachment, and perceived authenticity partially mediated the relationship between the two. The negative effect of surface acting on rural tourists’ place attachment was not significant.
Modernising the Constitution - A Government Act
Authors: McBain Graham
Published: September 2021

Modernising the Constitution - A Government Act.
Real estate agent as the institution obliged to counteract money laundering (Part Two)
Authors: Opitek Paweł
Published: September 2021

The article under the title “Real estate agent as an institution obliged to counteract money laundering” discusses statutory responsibilities of agents as regards the AML policy. The second part of the paper examines how to identify the risk associated with a particular client and assignment and how to make a correct assessment and to eliminate the threats. Risk assessment criteria have been discussed with respect to the type of the counterparty, the specific nature of products and services offered, the geographical region of origin of the money and transaction identifiers. The signs of potential threats have been described and systematised in Chapter Six. The paper underlines the fact that the agent’s activities are based on internal AML procedures and should be adequately evidenced. The paper ends with a summary of the researched topic.
The concept of an objection against the cassation decision of the administrative appeal body. Direction in which this concept evolves
Authors: Ciemiński Marcin , Piergies Łukasz
Published: September 2021

As of 1 June 2021, four years have passed since the institution of objections to the cassation decision of the administrative appeal body was introduced into the proceedings before administrative courts. The new formula for the control of cassation decisions raised concerns from the very beginning. This article examines whether these concerns remain valid after the regulation has been in force for four years and whether the institution of objection has met the expectations placed in it by the legislators. The analysis covers three main differentia specifica of the objection institution, i.e. the limited group of participants in the proceedings, the limited scope of judicial review of cassation decisions and the limited application of the principle of two-instance court proceedings.
Development of models to study traffic accidents on the final sections of access roads to the cities: a case study of three major Iranian cities
Authors: Fallah Tafti Mehdi , Roshani Reza
Published: September 2021

The final sections of main access roads to the cities require especial attention as the frequency of accidents in these road sections are considerably higher than other parts of interurban roads. These road sections operate as an interface between the rural roads and urban streets. The previous researches available on this subject are limited and they have also mainly focused on a narrow range of factors contributing to the accidents in these areas. The main contribution of this research is to consider a relatively comprehensive range of potential factors , and to examine their impacts through the development and comparison of both conventional probabilistic models and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models. For this purpose, information related to the main access roads of three major Iranian cities were collected. This information consisted of accident frequency data together with the field observations of traffic characteristics, road-way conditions and roadside features of these roads. Various ANN and probabilistic models were developed. The frequency of accidents, i.e. fatal, injured, or damaged accidents, was considered as the output of the developed models. The results indicated that a hybrid of ANN models, each comprised of 10 input variables representing traffic, roadway and roadside conditions, outperformed several probabilistic models, i.e. Poisson, Negative binomial, Zero-truncated Poisson, and Zero-truncated Negative Binomial models, also developed under similar conditions in this study. Moreo-ver, effective roadway width, roadway lighting condition, the standard deviation of vehicles speed, percentage of drivers violating the speed limit, average annual daily traffic, percentage of heavy goods vehicles, the density of road-side commercial and industrial landuses, the density of median U-turns, the density of local access roads, and the effective width of the left-side shoulder were identified as the most effective factors contributing to the accidents in these areas. The developed ANN model can be used as a tool to predict accident rates in these road sections, and to estimate a potential reduction in the accident rates, following any improvements in the major factors contributing to the traffic accidents in these areas.
POVEZANOST ČIMBENIKA RIZIKA I UČESTALOSTI OBOLIJEVANJA OD MELANOMA KOŽE
Authors: Šimić Dubravka , Vujica Maja , Zeljko Penavić Jasna , Prlić Marina , Gunarić Anita
Published: September 2021

Uvod. Melanom (lat. melanoma) je rjeđi od nemelanomskih tumora kože, ali je nepredvidivog ponašanja i veće smrtnosti. U nastanku, kasnije i u razvoju melanoma važnu ulogu imaju dob i spol, debljina promjene, izloženost ultraljubičastom zračenju i opekotine nastale nakon izlaganja suncu, te obiteljsko naslijeđe. Cilj: Cilj rada je istražiti rizične čimbenike u nastanku melanoma i učestalost obolijevanja u Sveučilišnoj kliničkoj bolnici u Mostaru. Materijali i metode. U istraživanje su uključeni bolesnici s melanomom koji se liječe u Klinici za kožne i spolne bolesti Sveučilišne kliničke bolnice Mostar, kojima je od 2012. do 2016. histološki potvrđena dijagnoza bolesti, ukupno 104 bolesnika. Rezultati. Srednja dob bolesnika je X̅=55,11. Nije dokazana statistički značajna razlika u obolijevanju između spolova. Najčešći smještaj melanoma je na leđima (34,3%). Nije dokazana statistički značajna povezanost između smještaja melanoma i dobnih skupina (p=0,356), niti između spolova i debljine melanoma po Breslowu (p=0,222). Najčešća debljina po Breslowu je 5 (46,3 %). Najučestaliji je tip kože 2 (62%), s opekotinama kao posljedicom izlaganja suncu (73,9%), nastalim većinom u djetinjstvu (68,3%). Većina oboljelih ima negativnu obiteljsku anamnezu za melanom (94,2 %). Zaključak. Melanom se najčešće pojavljuje u ljudi svjetlije puti (tip kože 2), na leđima, u šestom desetljeću života, podjednako u oba spola. Najučestaliji je nodularni oblik melanoma, debljine 5 po Breslow-u. Melanom je češći kod osoba koje su u djetinjstvu imali opekotine kao posljedicu neprimjerenog izlaganja suncu. Nije pronađena statistički značajna povezanost obolijevanja od melanoma i obiteljske anamneze.
CILJANA TERAPIJA I METASTATSKI MELANOM
Authors: Banjin Maja , Jalovčić Amina , Smajlbegović Velda
Published: September 2021

Melanom je globalni zdravstveni problem s kontinuiranim porastom u incidence. Rezultati tretmana metastatskog melanoma su, do skorašnjih napredovanja u terapijama, bili slabi, s medijanom ukupnog preživljavanja (OS) od 7,5 mjeseci i petogodišnjom stopom preživljavanja 6%. U kliničkim istraživanjima za metastatski melanom, selektivni inhibitori BRAF gena, vemurafenib i dabrafenib, pokazali su značajnu antitumorsku aktivnost i poboljšanje u OS i PFS kada se porede s dakarbazinom. Međutim, skoro će svaki pacijent tretiran BRAF inhibitorima imati progresiju bolesti, a tumori pokazuju reaktivacije MAPK puta u vrijeme pojave rezistencije. Specifična BRAF inhibicija vodi ka paradoksalnoj aktivaciji ćelija s RAS divljim “wild” genom uzvodno u MAPK putu i iz tih razloga vodi rezistenciji na terapiju, ćelijskoj proliferaciji i povećanoj stopi RAS kožnog toksiciteta. Pretklinički podaci sugerisali su da inhibitori MEK gena u MAPK putu mogu da zaustave rast i isprovociraju ćelijsku smrt kod nekih BRAF pozitivnih melanomskih tumora. Selektivni inhibitori MEK1 i MEK2 su cobimetinib i trametinib. Kombinovanjem BRAF+MEK inhibicije postiže se produženje terapijskog odgovora, odgađanje rezistencija i smanjuje pojava novih kutanih SCC/KA udruženih s BRAF inhibicijom. Kombinacija dabrafenib+ trametinib i vemurafenib+cobimetinib odobrena je za pacijente s neresktabilnim ili metastatskim melanomom s tumorima koji imaju mutaciju na BRAF genu. Klinička vrijednost intermitentne terapije za sada nije definisana. Podaci iz kliničkih istraživanja sugerišu da selekcionirani pacijenti mogu imati benefit od terapije uprkos razvijanju novih metastaza. Uvođenje ovih terapija u adjuvantno područje može dodatno poboljšati ishod i liječenje ove bolesti.
Professionelle Rechtskultur im System der Rechtskultur der Gesellschaft
Authors: Saktaganova Akmaral
Published: September 2021

The term “professional legal culture” is a controversial term, primarily in terms of its coverage: shall it be applied only with regard to professionally trained lawyers and judges, or does the term also cover a broader range of “legal cultures” (e.g. in ministries, administrations, etc.) where decisionmakers in fact deal with legal questions despite the fact that they are not properly trained lawyers? This article sheds light on the term of “professional legal culture” and the respective professions, with particular emphasis on the legislator. It concludes that in particular in the legislative domain, there are apparent shortcomings as to proper legal training, methodology and professionalism.
Sachzwänge in der kapitalistischen Ökonomie. Ihre Strukturen und Ambivalenzen
Authors: Kettner Matthias , Vogel Tobias
Published: September 2021

Wir verorten in der kapitalistischen Marktwirtschaft acht Prozesse systemischer Sachzwänge und zeigen deren normative Ambivalenzen auf. Soweit Sachzwänge allgemein zustimmungswürdig bleiben, stellen sie nicht bloße Beharrungskräfte des Kapitalismus dar, sondern zugleich gute Gründe, die ihn stützen. Als ungerechtfertigte und dysfunktionale Zwänge aber, die sich als Pathologien ähnlich wie Zwangsstörungen begreifen lassen, liefern sie überzeugende Gründe für eine Umgestaltung der kapitalistischen Marktwirtschaft. Mindestens einer der aufgewiesenen Sachzwänge ist ein maligner.
Vom Irrglauben an Nutzenmaximierer. Die Rolle der Erwartungsnutzenmaximierung für rationale und ethische Entscheidungen
Authors: Hoffmann Christian Hugo
Published: September 2021

Das Nutzenmaximierungsprinzip gilt oft als Goldstandard für Entscheidungsfindungen. Die Behauptung, Entscheider können optimale Entscheidungen fällen, hängt aber erstens von Bedingungen ab, die nicht plausibel sind. Zweitens sind derlei komplexe Strategien einfachen Heuristiken in einer komplexen Umwelt in mannigfacher Weise unterlegen. Schließlich zeigen wir, dass nicht nur für schlecht definierte Probleme eine Maximierung nicht durchführbar ist, sondern auch im Hinblick auf wohldefinierte Spiele.
Aspects of the Biology and Ethnobotany of Parasitic Angiosperm Species in Nigeria
Authors: Imarhiagbe Odoligie
Published: September 2021

Parasitic plants continue to gain research attention due to their remarkable lifestyle pattern that clearly cites them as a typical example of a biological oddity. They have defiled the basic characteristics of plants to become dependent on other plants for existence. Aside from their unique heterotrophic mode of feeding, host range and preference, seed germination clues, distribution patterns vary across different parasitic plants, which has partly ensured their presence in virtually every plant community. Among the above-listed factors, host range and preference, in particular, appears to be a major significant factor that shapes their distribution around the world, enabling certain species to thrive in various microclimates. The Nigerian environment has heterogeneous vegetation, traversing mangroves, rainforest, savannah vegetation, and its home to host parasitic plant species, including endemic, natives, and exotic ones. The present chapter gathered and synthesized available information regarding parasitic plants in Nigeria, particularly their biology and the host species supporting their population. Aside from the devastating menace some parasitic plants are known for, this report recognizes their ethnobotanical relevance. Thereby stimulating research interest in these highly specialized plant groups.
Global Optimization Method to Multiple Local Optimals with the Surface Approximation Methodology and Its Application for Industry Problems
Authors: Hagiwara Ichiro
Published: September 2021

Although generally speaking, a great number of functional evaluations may be required until convergence, it can be solved by using neural network effectively. Here, techniques to search the region of interest containing the global optimal design selected by random seeds is investigated. Also techniques for finding more accurate approximation using Holographic Neural Network (HNN) improved by using penalty function for generalized inverse matrix is investigated. Furthermore, the mapping method of extrapolation is proposed to make the technique available to general application in structural optimization. Application examples show that HNN may be expected as potential activate and feasible surface functions in response surface methodology than the polynomials in function approximations. Finally, the real design examples of a vehicle performance such as idling vibration, booming noise, vehicle component crash worthiness and combination problem between vehicle crashworthiness and restraint device performance at the head-on collision are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Development: Implications for Family Medicine Residency Programs
Authors: Jee Ha Seul , Reddy Patlolla Sridhar , Robert Wojda Thomas
Published: September 2021

High-level emotional Intelligence (EI) and leadership skills are crucial for physicians to prioritize responsibilities and successfully interact with numerous stakeholders in an every-increasingly complex healthcare system. Although recent research has shown an association between emotional intelligence and leadership, few studies have examined this relationship among family and primary care physicians. Family physicians play an essential role in the evaluation and treatment of illnesses as well as health and wellness promotion. These providers are often the first point of contact with the patient and the use of emotional intelligence and development of leadership abilities of primary care physicians are vital to the maintenance, sustainability, and optimization of a medical organization. Furthermore, high- level emotional intelligence and sharpened leadership skills may aid the patient-provider relationship and dealings with coworkers. This chapter explores key themes of EI and physician leadership as it pertains to Family Medicine Residency.
Genomic Instability and Cyto-Genotoxic Damage in Animal Species
Authors: Evarista Arellano-García María , Torres-Bugarín Olivia , Roxana García-García Maritza , García-Flores Daniel , Toledano-Magaña Yanis , Sofia Sanabria-Mora Cinthya , Castro-Gamboa Sandra , Carlos García-Ramos Juan
Published: September 2021

Genomic instability is a condition that may be associated with carcinogenesis and/or physiological disorders when genetic lesions are not repaired. Besides, wild, captive, and domesticated vertebrates are exposed to xenobiotics, leading to health disorders due to cytogenotoxicity. This chapter provides an overview of tests to assess cytogenotoxicity based on micronuclei (MNi) formation. Bone marrow micronuclei test (BmMNt), peripheral blood erythrocyte micronuclei test (PBMNt), and lymphocyte cytokinesis blocking micronuclei assay (CBMN) are discussed. The most illustrative studies of these techniques applied in different vertebrates of veterinary interest are described. The values of spontaneous basal micronuclei in captive, experimental, and farm animals (rodents, hamsters, pigs, goats, cattle, horses, fish) are summarized. In addition, a flow cytometry technique is presented to reduce the time taken to record MNi and other cellular abnormalities. Flow cytometry is helpful to analyze some indicators of genomic instability, such as cell death processes and stages (necrosis, apoptosis) and to efficiently evaluate some biomarkers of genotoxicity like MNi in BmMNt, PBMNt, and CBMN. The intention is to provide veterinary professionals with techniques to assess and interpret cytogenotoxicity biomarkers to anticipate therapeutic management in animals at risk of carcinogenesis or other degenerative diseases.
Phytotherapeutics Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Lipid Peroxidation in Severe and Chronic Diseases
Authors: Mavondo-Nyajena Mukuwa Greanious Alfred , Ncube Nesisa , Sibanda Alfred , Dube Delton , Chikuse Farai Francis , Makoni Paul
Published: September 2021

Lipid peroxidation is an end process of cellular injury driven by oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation through several molecular changes. Metabolism-generated reactive oxygen species avidly attack the polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipid cell membranes, initiating a self-propagating chain-reaction. Cell membrane destruction, lipids and the end-products of lipid peroxidation reactions are hostile to the viability of cells, even tissues causing and exacerbating Diabetes Mellitus (DM), neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Current treatment regimens have untoward side effects in the long-term necessitating phytochemical use as these are part of natural food sources. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms may be over run causing lipid peroxidation to take place. In disease states, oxidative stress may increase with subsequent production of increased free radicals which may over run the antioxidant capacity of the body with resultant oxidative damage on polyunsaturated fatty acids in the cell fluid membranes with cellular and tissue damage. Phytochemicals, have been shown to ameliorate diseases through attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, causing tissue regeneration by regulating signaling systems and neuroprotective processes. Involvement of polyphenolic and non-phenolic phytochemical in the attenuation of OS, inflammation and lipid peroxidation remain areas of critical importance in combating DM, CVDA, NDD and RA.
Federalismo em vertigem, uma ascendência de problemas na administração pública?
Authors: Gois Geová Farias de , Levino Natallya de Almeida
Published: September 2021

Esta pesquisa é calcada na análise do sistema de governo brasileiro, buscando a arguição acerca da administração pública no domínio dos entes federados que compõe o Estado Federativo. Em um momento em que se almeja a democracia em seu melhor desempenho, cabe examinar a importância de aplicar a constituição vigente e respeitar os atos diligentes de organizar a distribuição de riquezas. No desdobramento da investigação, inquire-se a normativa constitucional, eficiência, prática e aderência perante as instituições e os governantes, assim como instigar a apresentação de falhas e proficiências no modelo federalista de um modo geral. Com vista na complexidade de levantar informações a respeito de um sistema político, os dados reunidos são norteados por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando a vertigem que assola o sistema federalista, bem como levar informações positivas que um Estado descentralizador pode oferecer. Apresenta-se, como fonte de estudo a proposta do novo Pacto Federativo apresentado recentemente pelo governo brasileiro e desenvolvido pelo ministro e economista Paulo Guedes. Ainda sem vigência, são grandes os desafios de encontrar uma solução administrativa que apresente a melhor forma de suprimir as ociosidades de uma federação. Por fim, a realização de procedimentos administrativos sérios fomenta o crescimento econômico, político e social de um Estado, logo, é necessário percorrer um sistema que apresente um meio termo na centralização e descentralização de poderes.
Trajetória da gestão por competências na administração pública: um enfoque no contexto da reforma administrativa do estado brasileiro.
Authors: Oiticica Thatiana Pedroso Pereira Monteiro , Barbosa Milka Alves Correia
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a evolução da Gestão de Pessoas na Administração Pública sob o contexto de dois modelos de gestão, o gerencial e o societal, quanto à perspectiva da Nova Política de Recursos Humanos, centrada no Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado, e seu posterior desdobramento com a implantação da Gestão por Competências (GPC), introduzida por meio do Decreto 5.707/2006. Assim como trazer reflexões sobre os aspectos de contribuição e limites da GPC no ambiente público. Para tanto foi realizada revisão bibliográfica baseada em livros e artigos publicados em encontros, congressos e revistas encontradas ao se pesquisar os termos ‘reforma do estado’; ‘gestão pública’; ‘gestão por competências na gestão pública’, ‘recursos humanos’, ‘reformas administrativas’ e ‘gestão social’.