bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Directions of Digital Transformation of the Social Service Space in a Northern Region
Authors: Dmitrieva T. E. ,   Institute of Socioeconomic and Energy Problems of the North of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RAS, Kuratova L. A. ,   Institute of Socioeconomic and Energy Problems of the North of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: July 2024

Considering inadequate social infrastructure, poor transport connectivity, migration outflow and deformation of the settlement system in northern regions, social services become less available. After searching for ways to change the situation, we hypothesised that digital transformation of healthcare and education plays an important role in improving the production and transfer of social services to consumers and adjusting the social service space of the Komi Republic. The region’s social development space is a stratified object consisting of different layers, such as settlement, social service (healthcare, general education) and infrastructure (transport and ICT). The weak consistency of spatial structures at different layers is considered in the context of the communication connectivity concept. The study aims to understand the potential of digital transformation of healthcare and education to increase the availability of social services. To this end, industry digitalisation indices were identified, the methodology of their digital maturity was tested. The cartographic method was used to present the spatial structure of the ICT layer showing the digital inequality of the population. A problem analysis of the location of healthcare, education and communication facilities in 687 settlements and synthesis of quantitative estimates of the social service and ICT layers revealed their inconsistency. A comprehensive assessment of services identified 234 critical settlements without primary and secondary schools and partially without accessible healthcare facilities. Only half of them have the ICT infrastructure required for digital transformation. The similarity transformation method of structures in a multi-layered space determined the points and formats of communication for compensating digitalisation. It will provide remote communication of people with medical organisations, educational services and create the technological basis for implementing strategic digital transformation projects, which will be examined in further studies.
The meanings of generational conflict and relationship recovery between Generation Y and Z in hotel organizations
Authors: Jin Jin-Hee , Han Jin-Seok ,   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to unveil the meanings of generational conflict and relationship recovery experiences between Gen Y and Gen Z hotel employees. To this end, this study adopted the phenomenological research method of Giorgi (1985) to answer the following research questions: 1) What are the meanings of their generational conflict experiences at hotels? 2) What are the meanings of their relationship recovery experiences at hotels? The data were collected through in-depth interviews of those working at domestic hotels for at least a year. The data analysis followed an advanced five-step analysis procedure of Giorgi et al. (2017). The results revealed 12 themes, 43 meaning units, and 388 meaningful statements. First, the themes of Gen Y’s generational conflict experiences were ‘Gen Z has a free spirit’, ‘the different levels of passions and professionalism in the service field’, and ‘loneliness that no one recognizes.’ Second, the themes of Gen Z’s generational conflict experiences were ‘Gen Y are young boomers’, ‘feeling frustrated by demands for excessive service mind’, and ‘painful emotions that make me cry but hold back tears.’ Third, the themes of Gen Y’s relationship recovery experiences were ‘relationship recovery is an extension of work,' ‘I’m holding back because Gen Z is still young’, and ‘I try my best but cannot embrace everything.’ Fourth, the themes of Gen Z’s relationship recovery experiences were ‘relationship recovery is an essential choice,' ‘I was at a loss, but I felt reassured and calm’, and ‘efforts to approach first are a self-growth opportunity.’ This study provides fundamental data and in-depth insights into Gen Y and Gen Z hotel employees by exploring the meanings of their generational conflict and relationship recovery experiences.
Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera NIIF. Un enfoque desde la Academia
Authors: Herrera Estrella Miguel ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Zúñiga María Alejandra , Vera Santistevan Víctor Patricio ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador),   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: July 2024

Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF): un enfoque desde la academia, es un libro que recoge el conocimiento y la experiencia en el ámbito profesional y educativo de los docentes de la Carrera de Contabilidad y Auditoría. Además, ofrece una guía sobre las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera que se han convertido en un lenguaje común para la presentación de información financiera. Este libro contiene fundamentos teóricos y ejemplos prácticos con aplicación de la normativa. En coordinación con el Grupo de Investigación GIFCA, este texto está dirigido a estudiantes, profesionales y cualquier persona interesada en el mundo de las NIIF.
PHYTOPLANKTON STRUCTURE IN THE ATLANTIC PART OF ANTARCTICA IN SUMMER
Authors: Diushkov N.P. ,   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Naumenko E.N ,   Atlantic branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (AtlantNIRO),   Atlantic branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (AtlantNIRO)
Published: July 2024

The study of phytoplankton was conducted from January to March 2020 in the Atlantic part of Antarctica, corresponding to the summer season. Phytoplankton was represented by 119 species belonging to 7 divisions: Cyanobacteria – 2, Cryptista – 2, Dinoflagellata – 31, Haptophyta – 4, Heterokontophyta – 76, Euglenophyta – 1, Chlorophyta – 3 taxa below the genus. The basis of the community was composed of variegated (64%) and dinophytic (26%) algae. The number of phytoplankton varied from 68 million cells/m3 to 20.3 billion cells/m 3, biomass from 0.03 to 7.28 g/m 3. For the first time, 4 communities were identified as part of the phytoplankton in the Atlantic part of Antarctica. On average, the number of phytoplankton amounted to (1 944 ± 457) million cells/m3, which was based on cryptomonads (44.8%). The average phytoplankton biomass in the summer was low and made (0.65 ± 0.33) g/m3, the largest contribution was made by diatoms (44.7%) and dinophytic algae (33.6%). The mosaic pattern in the distribution of phytoplankton was noted.
THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF CARBON DIOXIDE ON THE QUALITY OF SALMON CAVIAR
Authors: Rumyantsev A.Е. ,   Kamchatka State Technical University, Efimova M.V , Efimov А.А , Chugunkov S.Yu. , Kolesnikov D.V. ,   Kamchatka State Technical University,   Kamchatka State Technical University,   Kamchatka State Technical University,   Kamchatka State Technical University
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we present the results on the effect of carbon dioxide application in the technology of salmon caviar on the quality of finished product. The dependence of the mechanical strength of eggs on the aggre- gate state of carbon dioxide during caviar processing with gaseous CO2 and its solutions at different stages of the technological process is shown. The negative effect of carbon dioxide solutions on the condition of salmon egg’s membrane was concluded, since the membrane strength reduced, which was accompanied by an increase in the manifestation of defects in the burst eggs and, as a result, liquid sediment in the product. The rational duration of carbon dioxide treatment of salmon eggs was determined and it made 25–30 minutes. The directions of further research on caviar CO2 technologies were determined.
Perfil sociodemográfico das populações em territórios de exclusão e inclusão social
Authors: Bastos Ananda Brito , Ferreira José Francisco de Carvalho , Freitas Josimar da Silva
Published: July 2024

Este estudo avalia as diferenças do perfil da população em territórios que apresentavam condições de exclusão e inclusão social no ano de 2010. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, baseada em dados quantitativos e métodos estatísticos e comparativos. O estudo debate sobre a exclusão social de cidades da Amazônia Brasileira, e o perfil da população que habita diferentes níveis de exclusão e inclusão social. Os resultados atestam que a população no nível mais extremo de exclusão era de homens (pardos, na faixa de 0 a 9 anos), cuja renda domiciliar não foi superior a 3 salários-mínimos. O melhor nível de inclusão social o perfil muda para mulheres, pardas, na faixa de 30 a 64 anos. Aqui, concluímos que na cidade de Macapá há grande presença feminina convivendo em territórios com níveis elevados de inclusão, e pessoas negras e pardas da população infanto-juvenil em condições de extrema exclusão.
Response to the Letter regarding “The usefulness of the genetic panel in the classification and refinement of diagnostic accuracy of Mexican patients with Marfan syndrome and other connective tissue disorders”
Authors: Gamboa Ricardo , Soto Maria Elena
Published: July 2024

Dear Editor, In relation to the letter expressing concerns about some important points of the article entitled “The usefulness of the genetic panel in the classification and refinement of diagnostic accuracy of Mexican patients with Marfan syndrome and other connective tissue disorders”, we would like to comment on the following. 
Read more in the PDF.
JAPANESE GARDENS: FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO PUBLIC SPACES OF THE MEIJI ERA
Authors: Meshcheryakov Alexander
Published: July 2024

Gardens in Japan appeared in the 7th century AD and were formed in accordance with Chinese geomantic ideas. They were not intended for aesthetic admiration and had primarily a utilitarian function: protecting the owner of the house from harmful environmental influences (evil spirits). This function was ensured by the “correct” arrangement of stones and the “correct” arrangement of water flows. These rules were formulated in the first treatise on garden art that has come down to us, “Sakuteiki” (“Records on the Arrangement of Gardens”), which was written by Tachibana no Toshitsuna (1028–1094). To avoid curse from other people, the garden plan was kept secret and known only to the owner. During the Tokugawa period (1603–1867), princes (daimyo) began to establish huge gardens, which served as an indicator of their power. Strangers were not allowed inside, but these gardens acquired an aesthetic function, as demonstrated by the example of the Rikugien Garden in Edo. After the Meiji Revolution, the class organization of society was abolished and the goal of creating a unified Japanese nation was posed. The establishment of gardens of a new public (Western) type was supposed to serve to attain this goal. All types of former gardens were models of ideal nature; public gardens were designed to model state values. Using the example of the Ueno Garden, it is shown that public gardens were a specific space where the authorities demonstrated to the Japanese the value picture of a “modern” imperial-type state.
Analysis of frequency-dependent characteristics of digital current and voltage transformer current sensors
Authors: Lebedev V.D. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Grigoriev D.G. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: July 2024

Digital measuring current and voltage transformers (DCVT), which incorporate various current and voltage sensors are the key sources of information about processes at modern digital substations. Classic small-sized current transformers, Rogowski coils, magnetotransistor sensors, Hall effect sensors, fiber-optic Faraday effect sensors, as well as shunts can be used as current sensors in DCVTs. For redundancy purposes, current channels are performed in several copies and on different sensors. Sensors that are different in nature have their own set of advantages, which together makes it possible to obtain the effect of eliminating the shortcomings of specific sensors. For example, they may not have a saturation effect or transmit the direct current component quite accurately, which is a significant advantage over classic current transformers. At the mains frequency, the behavior of these sensors is predictable, but their behavior is not well studied at higher and lower frequencies. Thus, it is decided to study the frequency response and phase response of these sensors in a wide frequency range. To solve the problems within the framework of this study, physical experiment, analytical and empirical solution methods have been used. As a result of the study, the frequency response and phase response of current sensors of DCVT in a wide frequency range have been obtained. Analog filter has been designed to correct the signal of the magnetotransistor sensor. The results obtained coincide with theoretical data and can be considered when developing digital relay protection and automation algorithms.
Study of the external magnetic field signal of an asynchronous electric motor in run-down mode
Authors: Nazarychev A.N. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Polkoshnikov D.A. , Strakhov A.S. , Novoselov E.M. , Zakharov M.A. , Skorobogatov A.A. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: July 2024

Currently, one of the important scientific tasks is the development and improvement of methods for non-destructive testing of asynchronous electric motors during operation. One of the promising areas of diagnostics is the use of an external magnetic field signal. However, its study in the run-down mode is not given due attention by the authors of scientific publications, despite a number of advantages of this signal. Therefore, the aim of this research is to confirm the possibility to record and study the signal of the radial component of the induction of the external magnetic field in the run-down mode of an asynchronous motor. So, the aim is relevant. The research is carried out using several test benches, real low-voltage and high-voltage asynchronous motors and a simulation model of an asynchronous electric motor designed in the Ansys software package. To process the signals, namely, to construct the frequency-time spectra of the external magnetic field in the run-down mode, the authors have used a program based on the Short Time Fourier Transform using the Flat-top window as a window function to more accurately determine the amplitudes of the harmonic components. During the research conducted on test benches, it has been found that the external magnetic field of the motor in the run-down mode will exist due to the phenomenon of residual magnetization. The possibility of modeling asynchronous motors considering residual magnetization has been proven and the reliability of the resulting model has been confirmed. The spectra of external magnetic field signals on real motors and simulation models in the run-down mode are presented. The external magnetic field signal in the run-down mode can be recorded both on simulation models and on real low-voltage and high-voltage asynchronous electric motors. During further research, it is planned to analyze the possibility of identifying faults in asynchronous motors using this signal.
Investigation of aroma components obtained by HS-SPME (Headspace-solid phase microextraction) method of wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) and strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) fruits
Authors: Öz Mehmet , Baltacı Cemalettin , Fidan Muhammed Said
Published: July 2024

Wild strawberries (Fragaria vesca) are in the category of non-wood forest products due to their unique fragrance, aroma, and natural ability to grow. In this study, aroma components of wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) and strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) fruits were determined by Headspace-Solid Phase Micro-Extraction technique combined with Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). In addition, it aimed to compare the results of both fruits with each other by chemical classification of the aroma components determined from wild strawberry and strawberry fruits. As a result of the HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis; 50 and 76 aroma components were determined in wild strawberry and strawberry fruits, respectively. The structure of aroma components was defined as 97.63% of wild strawberries and 98.26% of strawberries. The main components in the aroma compounds are 2-undecanone (10.38%), γ-decalactone (8.81%), and eugenol (7.14%) in wild strawberry fruit; nerolidol (29.44%), γ-decalactone (26.36%) and bisabolol oxide II (4.23%) were found in strawberry fruits. In addition, chemical classes of identified aroma compounds were determined as ester, terpene or terpenoid, fatty acids, aldehyde, and ketone classes in Fragaria vesca and Fragaria x ananassa fruits. When the results are examined, it is seen that strawberry fruits are found to be higher than wild strawberry fruits in terms of percentage of aroma components, number of aroma components, and percentage of dominant components.
Comparison of Conditions for Organizing Joint Activities in Face-to-Face and Digital Spaces
Authors: Edalov D.O.
Published: July 2024

This article presents a review of a pilot study comparing the features of organizing collaborative activities in a digital environment among students in grades 7-9 and the theoretical foundations for organizing joint activities. In the pilot study, students construct a model of a ship according to the rules specified in the task conditions. The reasons for the discomfort experienced by students when integrating into the digital space are examined and analyzed. The lack of means to mediate their activities in the online space is overcome by creating common linguistic models. Subsequently, students develop their own system of signs and symbols, and the number of digital tools used in their activities increases. This leads to increased productivity; some students who did not use video or audio devices affected the behavior of the entire group. Analysis of scientific works allows us to conclude that the organization of joint activities in the digital space is conditioned by the internalization of digital tools by students and the construction of common orientation systems in the digital environment based on them.
Personal Predictors of Pedagogical Assessment of Ability in Student Actors
Authors: Savchenko N.L. , Emelin G.D.
Published: July 2024

One of the main way for the study of acting can be considered the process of training student-actors, in which the mechanisms and techniques of creating an image and assuming a role are unfolded and highlighted. Special attention in the study of this problematic should be paid to the factors contributing to the mastery of the profession. It is assumed that personal characteristics play a key role in the issue of successful training of a student-actor, because it is the actor's personality that can be considered as the main tool that the actor has in the art of acting transformation. The aim is to identify personal predictors of pedagogical assessments of acting abilities among student actors. Psychodiagnostic study using the following techniques: “16 personality factors” by R. Kettell and “Short portrait questionnaire of the Big Five” by M.S. Egorova and O.V. Parshikova, the scale of average assessments of acting abilities. It was revealed that two personality traits are associated with the pedagogical assessment of the acting skills of an actor student: “consciousness” (B5-10) and “sensitivity” (I, 16PF). They also contribute to this average estimate. In this regard important factors for the success of mastering the acting profession are consciousness, organization, focus on maintaining relationships in the learning process, as well as the sensitivity of the student actor to internal and external changes, the richness of his emotional experience.
Universal adhesive systems in dentistry: A narrative review
Authors: Razumova Svetlana N. , Brago Anzhela S. , Ruda Oxana R. , Guryeva Zoya A. , Adzhieva Elvira V.
Published: July 2024

Background: Various innovative solutions are being adopted in dentistry to reduce the risk of treatment-related complications. Latest-generation adhesive systems are important for preventing microleakages and improving the adhesion of filling materials to tooth structures, resulting in effective use of esthetic restoration materials and long-lasting restorations.
Aim: To assess the current use of universal adhesive systems.
Materials and methods: The literature search was performed using PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, and Google Scholar. The following search terms were used: “universal adhesive systems”, “universal adhesives”, “dentin bonding agents”, “dental debonding” and “dental etching”. The search covered studies published during the last 10 years.
Results: The initial search yielded 1.284 publications. After screening for compliance with search terms, 106 studies were selected. Following a full-text analysis, 31 (100%) publications were included in the review. Of these, 14 (45%) studies addressed adhesive composition (examined component: hydrophilic monomers, nanofillers, hydrophobic monomers, solvents, etchants); 8 (26%) studies addressed adhesive strength of adhesives (air-powder abrasive surface treatment, smear layer characteristics, surface moisture, bonding agent type, testing conditions); and 9 (29%) addressed application method (etching type).
Conclusion: Universal adhesive systems have a wide range of clinical applications (various methods of surface preparation) and clinical scenarios, expanding their potential use. The findings of the literature review describe various applications of universal adhesive systems with various surface preparation techniques, with mixed results. Conflicting literature data highlight the importance of investigating the long-term use of universal adhesives with various clinical settings and protocols.
Oral pathologies in anticancer therapy: a literature review
Authors: Esiev Ruslan K. , Shakhabova Aminat R. , Tsokova Lalita V. , Tsakoeva Alena A. , Tolpinskiy Artem V. , Zakharova Yana S. , Movsisian Nina M. , Nabiev Ilgamin I. , Bazhaeva Iman A. , Dimaeva Rukiyat S.
Published: July 2024

Anticancer therapy is associated with a wide range of systemic symptoms, including oral pathologies, such as dry mouth, mucositis, masticatory spasm, osteoradionecrosis, dental caries, opportunistic infections, dysphagia, hypogeusia, dysgeusia, and hyposalivation. Dental professionals are the most qualified experts in the diagnosis and treatment of oral pathologies, as well as their prevention and control in cancer patients receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy. The aim of the review was to assess domestic and international literature on primary oral complications associated with anticancer therapy. The review also aimed to highlight the importance of dental care in improving the quality of life of these patients, as well as to provide practical guidelines for managing these complications. The search was performed using electronic databases PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, and Google Scholar. The search yielded 55 literature sources, which were included in the review.
Anticancer therapy may result in significant oral pathologies, including mucositis, infections, hyposalivation, changes in taste, and pain. These symptoms can affect various functions of the oral cavity and oropharynx, causing dry mouth and difficulties chewing and swallowing, which impairs nutrition. Moreover, they can affect speech, oral hygiene, denture treatment, and appearance, all of which can be detrimental to oral health, as well as social and emotional wellbeing. These side effects may also reduce compliance with anticancer therapy, affecting treatment outcomes, overall health, and therapy costs. When examining cancer patients, a dental professional must consider the prescribed therapy, as well as potential long-term complications similar to those in patients receiving bisphosphonates. As a result, a cancer patient will continue to receive the necessary treatment, and any new problems will be identified early.
Novel approaches to psoriatic onychopathy diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Zdzitovetskaya Natalia D. , Karacheva Yulia V. , Ruksha Tatiana G.
Published: July 2024

Psoriasis is one of the most important problems in the clinical practice of a dermatovenereologist. In addition to damage of the skin and joints, the nail involvement is often seen in psoriatic patients. Despite its wide prevalence and significant impact on the quality of life, psoriatic onychopathy is discussed relatively rare. A change in the nails may indicate early alterations in the small joints of the palms, еthat foster to suspect psoriatic arthritis at an earlier time. Besides, the severity of nails lesions determined on the base of the NAPSI index correlates directly with the severity of pain in enthesitis.
Nails damage in psoriasis does not entail persistent functional disorders, but significantly affects the patient’s quality of life due to a visible cosmetic defect. In addition, psoriatic onychopathy is difficult to treat. The use of topical agents is impractical, and systemic therapy gives a weak clinical response over a longer period. Even in the absence of a pathological process on the skin, nail psoriasis may persist much longer, which causes significant discomfort to patients.
The study of pathomorphological aspects and mechanisms of nail psoriasis development will allow to disover a new methods for the effective treatment of psoriatic onychopathy.
Human leukocyte antigen class II (DRB1 and DQB1) alleles frequencies in patients with bullous pemphigoid, Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Russian population
Authors: Lepekhova Anfisa A. , Dukhanin Alexander S. , Teplyuk Natalia P. , Shimanovsky Nikolai L. , Yudin Alexander A.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Bullous pemphigoid is known to be an autoimmune, life-threatening blistering skin disorder characterized by subepidermal blister formation. In bullous pemphigoid activation of B-cell immunity depends on the interaction between T-cell receptors and classic HLA II molecules. Similar interrelation has been revealed in a vast variety of studies on severe allergic reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. It was also suggested that Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis might be associated both with HLA I and II classes.
AIM: To assess the prevalence of HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 alleles at a low and high-resolution levels in patients with bullous pemphigoid and Stevens-Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 29 Bullous pemphigoid, 14 Stevens-Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis patients and 92 health volunteers were included in the study. HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 alleles were assessed by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers.
RESULTS: At a low-resolution level, HLA-DRB1*4 (p 0.02) and DRB1*14 (p 0.0015) alleles were statistically significantly revealed in bullous pemphigoid patients compared to health controls. Additionally, at the high-resolution level the predisposing to bullous pemphigoid HLA-DRB1*04:02 allele was also identified (p 0.01). At the low-resolution level of HLA-DQB1 typing we displayed protective and predisposing to bullous pemphigoid alleles HLA-DQB1*1 (p 0.01) and HLA-DQB1*2 (p 0.039) respectively. At the low-resolution level of HLA-DQB1 typing, the chances to obtain DQB1*03:02 allele were 3.71 times higher compared to healthy volunteers (p 0.01). In patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis, HLA-DRB1*4 allele was shown to be predisposing (p 0.03). For all other types of HLA alleles (DRB1 and DQB1) at the high-resolution level no any statistically significant results have been observed in these patients.
CONCLUSION: We identified HLA-DRB1*4, DRB1*14, DRB1*04:02 alleles predisposing to the development of bullous pemphigoid, with the HLA-DQB1*1 allele being protective for the development of bullous pemphigoid and HLA-DRB1*4 allele predisposing to the development of severe drug reactions of Stevens-Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis. No any protective alleles in Stevens-Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis patients were detected.
Decades of experience treating vitiligo with UVB therapy
Authors: Olisova Olga Yu. , Krotkova Elizaveta A. , Smirnov Konstantin V. , Al Momani Mohammed , Lomonosov Konstantin M.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: From the advent of modern phototherapy to the present day, this technique has been an important tool for the treatment of various skin diseases such as psoriasis, parapsoriasis, red lichen planus, scleroderma, atopic dermatitis, lymphomas, etc. One of the common dermatologic diseases where this technique is used as a gold standard is vitiligo. Despite the existence of a wide range of therapies for this disease, phototherapy remains the standard of care because of its proven efficacy and favorable side effect profile.
AIM: Is to study the efficacy of UVB-311 nm in the treatment of vitiligo, to assess adherence to therapy, as well as to analyze the reasons for discontinuation of phototherapy in order to optimize the future results of treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 570 vitiligo sufferers who underwent UVB-311 nm phototherapy from 2013–2023. Evaluation of the therapy efficacy, its impact on the patients' quality of life, as well as analysis of the reasons for discontinuation of the UVB-311 nm course were carried out using questionnaires, visual repigmentation scale G0–G4, and comparative assessment using photofixation
RESULTS: An excellent (repigmentation 75%) response was observed in 30% of patients. In 32% of patients repigmentation was between 51% and 75%; 23% of patients responded to treatment with repigmentation between 25–50% of foci; 15% of patients completed the course of treatment due to lack of response and repigmentation less than 25% after the first 30 treatments. Only 68% of patients completed the full course of narrow-band UVB-311 nm therapy, the average number of treatments was 49.
CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated good clinical efficacy of UVB-311 nm phototherapy. However, a number of interventions are needed to optimize treatment results and improve treatment adherence.
Acne: role of Cutibacterium acnes and possibilities of using bacteriophages
Authors: Bakulev Andrey L. , Igonina Irina A. , Bocharova Yulia M. , Kravchenya Sergey S.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The role of Cutibacterium acnes in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris and its adverse effect on follicular hyperkeratosis, inflammation and the skin microbiome have now been established. Their excessive colonization contributes to the loss of microbial diversity of the skin, activates the innate immune system, leads to the appearance of skin rash elements and chronic inflammation. Bacteriophages are considered as a new promising direction in the treatment of patients with acne, as they have an antimicrobial effect against C. acnes; contribute to the preservation of the skin microbiome; have an indirect effect on the innate and adaptive immune response.
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of topical therapy with cosmetic gel with bacteriophages Fagoderm in the complex treatment of patients with moderate to severe acne.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the design of a simple open prospective study in parallel groups, the effect of cosmetic gel with bacteriophages on the number of comedones, pupules and pustules was assessed in 35 adult patients with moderate acne. During therapy, possible adverse events were simultaneously recorded.
RESULTS: During therapy, similar dynamics were noted in the form of a decrease in non-inflammatory elements of acne both in the group of people receiving a combination of adapalene and phagoderm, and in the comparison group, where monotherapy with adapalene was carried out. The number of inflammatory elements of acne decreased in both groups, but in the main group this happened at an earlier time. Compared to the initial data, already in the 2nd week the number of inflammatory elements decreased by 50% (in comparison ― by 32%); by the end of the 4th ― by 95% (respectively in the comparison group ― by 74%).
CONCLUSION: Cosmetic gel with bacteriophages with bacteriophages helps reduce the inflammatory manifestations of moderate acne.
Efficacy of a new generation topical retinoid in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe acne on the face and trunk
Authors: Perlamutrov Yuri N. , Olkhovskaya Kira B. , Solovyov Anton M.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The extreme prevalence of acne, long-term course and multifactorial pathogenesis necessitate the development of new drugs and treatment methods aimed at increasing efficiency and achieving clinical effects in the shortest possible time. This article presents data from two international clinical studies to determine the effectiveness and safety of trifarotene 50 µg/g (0.005%) cream in the treatment of patients with moderate acne on the face and trunk.
AIM: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of trifarotene cream, 0.005%, a new topical retinoid, for moderate acne of the face and trunk.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two international, double-blind, randomized, placebo (vehicle) controlled, 12-week phase III studies screened 2817 and randomized 2420 patients 9 years of age and over. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed based on the registration of the number of patients who achieved the effect of "clear" or "almost clear" skin condition and an improvement of ≥2 points in terms of IGA on the facial skin and PGA on the truncal skin during 12 weeks of treatment, as well as by calculating the change in absolute number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne elements relatively to the initial level. The safety of therapy was assessed based on the registration of adverse events, local tolerability (the formation and severity of retinoic dermatitis), abnormalities in vital signs and the results of standard laboratory tests.
RESULTS: The onset of effect of trifarotene versus that of its vehicle was rapid, with significant reductions in both inflammatory and noninflammatory lesion counts seen as early as 1 week after treatment on the face and as early as 2 weeks after treatment on the trunk. In both studies, at week 12 the facial success rates according to IGA and PGA and change in inflammatory and noninflammatory lesion counts (both absolute and percentage) were all highly significant (p 0.001) in favor of trifarotene when compared with the vehicle and the formation of the “almost clear” and “clean” effect was registered in the vast majority of patients, who used cream with 0.005% trifarotene.
CONCLUSION: The results of the study demonstrated the pronounced clinical effectiveness of trifarotene cream 0.005% in the treatment of patients with moderate acne on the skin of the face and trunk.
The effect of Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and other cariesogenic factors on the concentration of cathelicidin LL-37 in oral fluid in children with early childhood caries
Authors: Reutskaya Karina V. , Satygo Elena A.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Human antimicrobial peptides play a significant role in innate immunity. In the oral cavity salivary glands and mucosal epithelium produce human antimicrobial peptides, including defensins and cathelicidin LL-37. Cathelicidin is the most significant peptide protecting against different types of infections, controls the activity of commensal bacteria and prevents colonization and growth of pathogenic bacteria.
AIM: To determine the concentration of cathelicidin LL-37 in the oral fluid of children 2–5 years old and the oral hygiene index depending on some of the parameters and intensity of the carious process in the oral cavity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in a group of children aged 2-5 years old; the concentration of catelicidine in the oral fluid was determined by enzyme immunoassay. Moreover, the concentration of Streptococcus mutans in saliva, the presence of Candida albicans in dental plaque, oral hygiene index and the concentration of 25-hydroxycalciferol in venous blood were assessed in these children.
RESULTS: The stydy revealed the dependence of the concentration of cathelicidin in the oral fluid on the intensity of the carious process in children as well as on the concentration of Streptococcus mutans in saliva, the presence of Candida albicans in plaque and poor oral hygiene.
CONCLUSIONS: It was found that in children with high intensity of caries, the concentration of antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is twice lower than in children with low and medium intensity of early childhood caries.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: current clinical and treatment and diagnostic approaches
Authors: Formozova Milena A. , Velmatova Olesya N. , Skazyvaeva Ekaterina V. , Skalinskaya Maria I. , Bakulin Igor G. , Mikhalin Evgeny S.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The article is devoted to the current problem of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. This disease complicates the course of pregnancy, worsens the quality of life of patients and is a predictor of obstetric and perinatal complications.
AIM: To analyze clinical features, epidemiology, treatment, and diagnosis of patients with verified intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, to study the relationship between the level of bile acids and the severity of skin itching and the development of complications in newborns.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a retrospective analysis technique, medical histories of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy were studied.
RESULTS: Verified intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was found to be associated with the age over 30 years old, high baseline body mass index (more 25 kg/m2), and with consecutive pregnancy. Most patients (64%) were diagnosed with intrahepatic cholestasis after 36 weeks of pregnancy. Skin itching is the main clinical symptom of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, which in most cases (46.7%) was pronounced. Meanwhile, the intensity of itching, depended on the level of bile acids (p = 0.00000000001). There is a relationship between the degree of increased levels of bile acids and the appearance of various respiratory disorders in newborns (p = 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS: The topic under consideration will be of interest to specialists in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, gastroenterology, hepatology, and therapy. The issue of diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy requires further study.
The role of selenium in the pathogenesis and therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Glazunova Tatyana A. , Mameeva Riana M. , Samsonova Sofia N. , Ryzhov Aleksander O. , Nedilko Aleksey V. , Shpenev Sergey A. , Khaiminova Julia E. , Ilina Ekaterina S. , Evtushenko-Sigaev Vasiliy A. , Ilyasova Linara Yu. , Eloeva Milana Sh. , Ayubova Markha Kh. , Bakhmurzieva Khava T. , Bunatyan Rafael A.
Published: July 2024

In recent decades, Russia, as well as around the world, has recorded a steady increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases, which include ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases in Russia accounts for 4.1 per 100 thousand of the population for ulcerative colitis and 0.8 per 100 thousand – for Crohn’s disease. The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases in Russia is 19.3–29.8 cases per 100 thousand of the population for ulcerative colitis and 3.0–4.5 per 100 thousand – for Crohn’s disease.
In recent years, selenium has attracted the attention of researchers due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as its ability to influence the intestinal flora. There is evidence that inflammatory bowel diseases has deficiency of trace elements, which is more often detected during active period of the disease than during remission.
The purpose of the review is to summarize and analyze current literature data on the relationship between selenium and inflammatory bowel diseases, with special emphasis on the mechanism and function of selenium in intestinal inflammation as well as to discuss the possible therapeutic use of selenium in inflammatory bowel diseases. The authors conducted a search for publications in the electronic databases PubMed and eLibrary. After the selection procedure, 87 studies were included in the review.
Due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, the concentration of selenium can be crucial in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel diseases. Dietary recommendations with the inclusion of selenium gradually improve the quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. The development and use of selenium drugs have also provided new therapy strategies. In the future, a large number of experimental and clinical studies are still needed to confirm the relationship between selenium and inflammatory bowel diseases, which, in turn, will mark a new turn in the prevention and treatment of these severe chronic diseases.
Prevention and correction of micronutrient deficiencies. What do we know about it?
Authors: Bakulina Natalya V. , Tikhonov Sergey V. , Vasilyeva Maria K. , Makhortova Svetlana A. , Arutyunyan Grant F. , Mirtskhulava Vakhtang V.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies, including deficiencies of vitamins and microelements, are a major public health concern worldwide. They are highly prevalent, particularly in developing countries, and have significant health consequences, including anemia, impaired immune function, cognitive impairment, and growth retardation. Micronutrient deficiencies can also contribute to the development of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Micronutrient deficiencies can also contribute to the development of chronic diseases.
AIM: To study the knowledge, interest and motivation of different population groups regarding vitamin and micronutrient intake.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The original questionnaire with 45 questions was completed by 344 respondents: 141 (41%) without medical education, 91 (25.4%) with higher medical education, 112 (32.6%) by students of medical unvesities.
RESULTS: Only 100 (29.4%) respondents considered their nutrition balanced. 180 (52.3%) people did not consume vegetables and fruits on a daily basis, 82 (23.3%) respondents almost never consumed fish and seafood. Almost all respondents [335 (97.4%)] took some vitamin and mineral complex at least in one of the periods of their life, 284 (82.6%) — did it without a doctor’s prescription. Female respondents demonstrated a higher level of knowledge about the problem under study: 115 (41.9%) women and only 17 (24.2%) men had checked vitamin D levels (p = 0.006), while 187 (68.2%) women and only 33 (47.1%) men had taken vitamin D (p = 0.006). Those receiving/having higher medical education were more likely to take vitamin D (4.4 times), vitamin B6 (3.8 times), selenium (3 times), and zinc (2.8 times) than non-medical respondents.
CONCLUSIONS: The nature of nutrition indicates potential risks of micronutrient imbalance in the respondents. Knowledge about the problem of micronutrient imbalances among the study participants is not systematized. Men and people without medical education have less knowledge on this topic and are less likely to take various micronutrients.
Evaluation of Site Terms for Ground-Motion Models for South America
Authors: Pinilla-Ramos Camilo I. , Abrahamson Norman A. , Kayen Robert E.
Published: July 2024

The time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m, VS30, is used to represent the site condition in many ground-motion models (GMMs). Regionalized GMMs account for regional differences in the ln(VS30) scaling by including region-specific coefficients for the site term. For example, recent GMMs developed for subduction zone earthquakes as part of the Next Generation Attenuation-Subduction (NGA-Sub) project include region-specific VS30 scaling for seven regions: South America, Central America, Japan, New Zealand, Taiwan, Cascadia (Pacific Northwest America), and Alaska. Of these seven regions, South America has the largest within-event standard deviation. One cause for the larger within-event standard deviation is a weaker relation between VS30 and the site term in South America compared to other regions. A cause for this weak correlation is that most of the VS30 values for the South American region in the NGA-Sub data set are based on proxies. The relation between VS30 and the site term improves significantly for periods less than 1 s if only stations with measured VS30 are considered, but the correlation is weak for periods greater than 1 s even for stations with measured VS30, indicating that, for the South America region, VS30 is not well correlated with the deeper shear-wave velocity profile that controls the long-period amplification. To improve the site terms for South America, we develop a model based on the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) from microtremors, similar to the approach used by Pinilla-Ramos et al. (2022) for California. The data set includes 660 recordings from 51 earthquakes recorded at 274 sites. The site-term model includes the period-dependent HVSR amplitude and the geometric mean of the average HVSR amplitude over the frequency band of 0.25 to 15 Hz. Including these two parameters reduces the standard deviation of site-specific site terms over the period range 0.3–3 s, with the largest reduction in the period range 1–2 s. This site-term model can be incorporated into subduction GMMs and implemented in probabilistic seismic hazard analyses for South America.
The influence of personal motives and personal norm on purchasing sustainable products
Authors: Rašić Juraj , Crnković Boris , Ham Marija
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates personal motives and their role in predicting the purchaseof sustainable products. Five types of personal motives were identified and testedby applying structural equation modelling. The present research also confirms theinfluence of inherent constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. It investigatesthe role of personal norms, often neglected in previous research. The resultsrevealed that altruism, generativity, and environmental concern significantlypositively influence the attitude toward purchasing sustainable products.Furthermore, a negative impact of frugality on the attitude towards purchasingsustainable products was found. It confirms that, although pro-environmentalbehaviour can be seen as frugal behaviour, frugality can harm the attitude towardspurchasing sustainable products if consumers perceive sustainable products asmore expensive. However, the impact of health consciousness on the attitudetowards the purchase of sustainable products was found to be insignificant, whichcould be explained by the fact that consumers may not perceive all sustainableproducts to be healthier, indicating that this variable is category-specific. Finally,a positive impact of personal norms on the intention to purchase sustainableproducts was confirmed, indicating that personal norms should be included inprediction models alongside social norms.