bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemodynamic Analysis of Four r-Process Enhanced Stars Observed with GTC
Authors: Saraf Pallavi , Sivarani Thirupathi
Published: June 2024

Here, we delineate a comprehensive abundance analysis of four r-process enhanced metal-poor stars observed with HORuS spectrograph on a 10-m class telescope, GTC. The high signal-to-noise ratio at R≈25000 spectral resolution allowed us to detect 16 light and 20 neutron-capture elements along with Th in two stars. Four of our program stars show signatures of mixing in their atmosphere. Through detailed abundance analysis of four r-process enhanced stars together with already identified r-process-rich stars in literature, we probe the production sites of neutron-capture elements. The [Zr/Eu] ratio as a function of metallicity shows the evidence of multiple channels for the production of r-process. Thorium to first and second r-process peak elements ratios also support the similar non-universality of neutron-capture elements. An increased sample of r-process enhanced stars will enable us understand different formation channels of neutron capture elements. Using the kinematic analysis, we found the clues of accretion for two of our program stars.
Exploring the AGN Accretion Disks Using Continuum Reverberation Mapping
Authors: Jha Vivek Kumar , Joshi Ravi , Saraswat Jayesh , Chand Hum , Barway Sudhanshu , Mandal Amit Kumar
Published: June 2024

In the innermost regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), matter is understood to be flowing onto the Supermassive black hole (SMBH), which forms an accretion disk. This disk is responsible for the optical/UV continuum emission observed in the spectra of AGN. Reverberation Mapping of the accretion disk using multiple bands can yield the structure of the disk. The emission is expected to be of the black body type peaking at different wavelengths. Hence, depending on the temperature of the disk, continuous, simultaneous monitoring in multiple wavelength ranges to cover hotter inner regions and cooler outer regions can yield the structure and temperature profile of the accretion disk itself. In this study, we present initial results from our accretion disk reverberation mapping campaign targeting AGN with Super High Eddington Accreting Black Holes (SEAMBH). Our analysis on one of the sources, IRAS 04416+1215, based on the broadband observations using the Growth India telescope (GIT), reveals that the size of the accretion disk for this source, calculated by cross-correlating the continuum light curves is larger than expected from the theoretical model. We fit the light curves directly using the thin disk model available in JAVELIN and find that the disk sizes are approximately four times larger than expected from the Shakura Sunyaev (SS) disk model. Further studies are needed to understand better the structure and physics of AGN accretion disks and their role in the evolution of galaxies.
Nature of UV Variability in NGC 4151 from IUE’s Intensive Monitoring Spectroscopic Data
Authors: Doddamani Vijayakumar Honnappa , Miranda Bryan Rithesh , Prabhakar Vedavathi
Published: June 2024

The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) satellite, launched in 1978 by NASA and ESA, has conducted highly successful long-term monitoring spectroscopic observations of many nearby (low-redshift) bright active galaxies, including NGC 1068, NGC 5548, NGC 7469, Fairall 9,MRK 335 and NGC 4151. Notably, IUE has monitored NGC 4151 more intensively than any other active galaxy, obtaining 414 spectra during its campaign from December 1 to 15, 1993. Here, we present results of our recent studies on the emission line and continuum variabilities characterised by the Rmax and Fvar parameters. From the analysis of the short timescale, intense monitoring data, we obtained Rmax values ranging between 2.14±0.02 and 1.62±0.01 corresponding to the UV continua 1270 Å, and 2705 Å, respectively. The corresponding Fvar values varied from 9.62±0.04% to 5.19±0.04 %. Furthermore, the Rmax values for the UV emission lines Lyα, C IV, He II, O III], C III] and Mg II have been found to be 4.09±0.06, 4.55±0.05, 13.65±0.68, 4.78±0.17, 2.76±0.02, respectively. The corresponding Fvar values obtained are 2.85±0.01 %, 26.51±0.06 %, 15.59±0.02 %, 48.93±1.79 %, 20.30±0.06% and 18.68±0.02 %, respectively. These results provide constraints on the amplitude of UV variability and the size of the broad-line region (BLR) in low luminosity Seyfert galaxies. The decreasing Fvar amplitudes of the UV continuum with respect to increasing wavelengths are significant results of the present study.
Pengaruh Lumpur Laut pada Tanah Gambut untuk Media Tanam Kedelai terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Emisi CO2
Authors: Yenni Yenni , Sagiman Saeri , Susana Rini
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of coastal sediment on peat soil for soybean planting medium to soil chemical properties and CO2 emissions. The research lasted for 3 months starting from preparation to presentation of the results. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Soil Quality and Health, Laboratory of Chemistry and Soil Fertility and in the Faculty of Agriculture experimental garden Tanjungpura University. The method used is experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 5 treatments and 4 replications. Each polybag contained 1 plant sample. So the number of plants altogether 20 units of the plant. Treatment as follows: LL0 : Without treatment coastal sediment, LL1 : coastal sediment 25.2 tonnes/ha equivalent to 180 g/polybag, LL2 : coastal sediment 33.6 tonnes/ha equivalent to 240 g/polybag, LL3 : coastal sediment 42 ton / ha equivalent to 300 grams/polybag, LL4 : coastal sediment 50.4 tonnes/ha equivalent to 360 g/polybag. The variables observed in this study are soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), Base Saturation, C/N, CO2 emissions and the dry weight of soybean. The results showed that application  of coastal sediment with various doses on peat soil can increase soil pH, Base Saturation and C/N ratio, with decreasing CEC. There is just a little correlation of costal sediment on CO2 emissions of soil (R2=0.0009). Coastal sediment 33.6 tonnes/ha equivalent to 240 grams/polybag was resulted dry weight of soybean  to maximum vegetative phase.
Analisis Keuntungan Usaha Gula Kelapa Skala Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Segedong Kabupaten Mempawah
Authors: Pratiwi Bella , Kusrini Novira , Hidayat Rakhmad
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the magnitude of profits from the business of household-scale coconut sugar in Segedong District Mempawah District. Population in this research is coconut sugar business household scale and selected purposive (intentionally). Data analyst techniques used are total cost, revenue and profit. The results of this study indicate that based on the results of the analysis of the calculation of costs used in the business of coconut sugar household scale. The level of profit of coconut sugar business is Rp. Rp.73.585/day and Rp.1.600/Kg. The analysis shows that this household-scale coconut sugar business is profitable
Pengaruh Aplikasi Biochar Tempurung Kelapa dan Pupuk Anorganik terhadap Serapan N P K dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis pada Tanah Gambut
Authors: Yupita Anyon , Hayati Rita , Hazriani Rini
Published: June 2024

Maize (Zea may ssaccharata) is the horticulture in demand current society this. Limited avalability of land productive agriculture causes agricultural development, especially maize plant using peat soil media. Peat soil are low acidity, and nutrient content macro N, P, K available to plant also low. Attempts made for increasing the productivity of peat soils is by giving biochar and proper fertilization. Provision of biochar and inorganic fertilizer in addition to being a source of nutrients for plants, can also improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. This study aims to determine the influence of the application of coconut shell biochar and inorganic fertilizers on N P K nutrient uptake and maize crop yields. Research using Complete Random Design (CRD) factorial consists of two factors treatment and three replications. The first factor, namely coconut shell biochar which consist of 3 levels. The second factor, namely inorganic fertilizer consisting of 3 levels so there are 27 experimental units consisting of 2 sets of plants. Based on the results of variance, interaction of coconut shell biochar administration and inorganic fertilizer no significantly influence on all treatments. Whereas the administration of coconut shell biochar has no significant influence on soil pH, K uptake and cob weight, but significantly affected the wet weight, dray weight, N uptake and K uptake. Inorganik fertilizer has no significant influence on soil pH, wet weight, dry weight, N uptake and cob weight, but has a significant influence on P uptake and K uptake. The best cob weight is at A1B3 treatment (biochar coconut shell 55 gram/polybag + inorganic fertilizer 5,1 gram/polybag).
Analisis Daya Dukung Lahan Sawah di Kelurahan Sedau Kecamatan Singkawang Selatan Kota Singkawang
Authors: Rahman Muhammad A , Riduansyah Riduansyah , Krisnohadi Ari
Published: June 2024

Paddy production at Sedau Village are improving caused by land characteristics. Then the carrying capacity would be counted by it correlation between the amount population and paddy productivity each year. The object of the research are to identify soil characteristics, determine cluster type and the carrying capacity of rice fileds in Sedau Village. The research method is soil survey, soil sample analysis, multivariate regression analysis, cluster analysis and the analysis of the carrying capacity. The results showed, variables affecting rice production were Bulk Density, Permeability, P-available and K-exchangeable. If Soil Bulk Density and Permeability are increased, so the paddy production will decrease. If P-available and K-exchangeable are increasing, so the paddy production will increas too. Following the formula: Y=1.605 – 0.783X1 – 0.367X3 + 0.005X11 + 9.206X12 + error. The research site consisting of 6 Land Mapping Units (LMU) is divided into 3 clusters. Cluster 1 consisting of LMU 3 and LMU 6, Cluster 2 consisting of LMU 2, 4 and 5, Cluster 3 only contains LMU 1. All clusters are classified as carrying capacity Class III, that means rice fields in each clusters has not been able to food self-sufficiency.
Trading cooperation of Vietnam with Russia under the current global turbulence
Authors: Novikova E. S. , Nguyen Huu Phu , Le Hoang Anh
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the study is determined by the significance, as well as the potential for further development of economic relations between Russia and Vietnam in the context of the current global situation. The purpose of the study is to identify opportunities to intensify trade interaction between the two countries with the additional opportunities analysis to increase exports and imports. Statistical information on the existing trade interaction between Russia and Vietnam has been given, the potential for the tourism activities and educational services development considered. In addition, the article describes the possibilities of increasing the economic potential of the two countries in terms of infrastructure development, including opportunities for the investment joint projects development. Special attention has been paid to the logistics systems development, which can increase the trade cooperation efficiency between Russia and Vietnam, considering the new transportation corridors development within the framework of the Northern Sea Route and Russia’s participation in China’s One Belt, One Road project. The key problems slowing down the possibilities of more active interaction between the two countries have been identified, and possible ways to solve them found. The practical significance consists in the obtained results application in the field of business organization within the two economies, as well as for the analysis and better understanding of economic relations between Russia and Vietnam.
The use of the mentoring institute on the example of teaching economic disciplines: patterns and implementation specifics
Authors: Rybina M. N.
Published: June 2024

Mentoring in higher education is a necessity and an obligatory process of transferring the experience of teaching staff to young teachers. Statistics show that the younger generation is not eager to devote themselves to teaching, sometimes because they are not aware of all aspects of the profession. The mentoring task in higher education is to involve the younger generation in a unique pedagogical process. The work is complex, requiring from the parties a creative approach and the ability to turn a young specialist in the direction of pedagogy. Everything is important in this process from understanding the financial component to recognizing the social significance of the activity. Mentoring for young teachers, graduate students, masters in teaching economic disciplines, along with the regularities of the process has its own significant features, which arise from the economic reality study specifics, as well as the presence of numerous concepts and theories that interpret this economic reality itself and on the basis of this proposing a certain state economic policy. The issue becomes relevant also because the approaches to the federal state educational standards are being transformed in Russia.
Interbudgetary transfers role in regulating the budgetary provision of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
Authors: Khabib M. D. , Finikova O. I. , Polivanova A. A.
Published: June 2024

The article studies the issues of assessing the state of fiscal capacity of the economies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Inter-budgetary transfers are important for ensuring the financial stability of economies and creating conditions for the implementation of socio-economic development programs of subjects. Because of this, it becomes relevant to administer the distribution and definition of criteria for the distribution of inter-budgetary transfers. The revenues volume indicators of the entities and federal districts with and without interbudgetary transfers, as well as their values per capita have been studied. The comparative analysis of the budget revenues and interbudgetary transfers dynamics has been carried out. The structure of interbudgetary transfers distribution among the regions has been assessed. Statistical characteristics of the interbudgetary transfers share in the revenues of the budgets of the entities showing their heterogeneity has been obtained. The fiscal capacity per capita indicators in the regions and their dynamics have been analyzed. The influence of inter-budgetary transfers on increasing the level of budgetary security of the population in the subjects of the Russian Federation is shown. The correlation per capita of interbudget transfers and gross regional product has been carried out, indicating their variability in time and space, as well as the presence of significant differentiation of their values in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Social maturity and thinking flexibility as a basis of student resilience
Authors: Zabrodina O. V. , Ryazanova M. I.
Published: June 2024

The article studies mental flexibility and social maturity as a basis of student resilience. Such concepts as social maturity, mental and psychological health, mental flexibility and resilience have been considered. Social maturity, mental flexibility, and psychological health play an important role in adapting to environmental changes. Social maturity and flexibility as important components of a person’s life influence their well-being, satisfaction level, emotional state, help to manage emotions and thoughts, show the ability to cope with stress and learn to accept changes, and find ways to solve problems. They contribute to communication skills development, establishing healthy interpersonal relationships and maintaining positive motivation, as well as help in social and psychological adaptation to new life circumstances, finding the right and effective ways out of any crisis situations and showing curiosity rather than hostility towards the changing aspects of life. Important features of social maturity and thinking flexibility include integration into social and functional processes of life activity, management and self-regulation, and ability to switch from one thought to another without losing the main one. Recommendations for thinking flexibility development have been presented. Such directions in flexible thinking development as practicing open thinking, learning new skills and knowledge, communicating with different people, meditation practicing, reading books, exploring new ideas, and fantasizing have been outlined. The main aspects of resilience have been reflected. Social maturity and thinking flexibility have been considered as a basis of student resilience.
State customs services quality: marketing model and assessment methodology transformation
Authors: Sofiyannikova I. Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article studies the sphere of public services provided by customs authorities. The purpose of the study is to analyze the marketing model of customs services marketing model transformation under the conditions of the customer-centricity principles implementation and the customs administration system digital transformation. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the necessity to elaborate the rendering services mechanism in order to improve their quality and satisfaction of the final consumer (interested citizens, participants of foreign economic activity) with the result of receiving the service. The main tasks of the study are to identify problematic factors of the rendering state customs services mechanism, to determine their essence, and to structure their sphere. The article used both theoretical (current normative-legal acts and modern researchers’ scientific works analysis) and empirical (practical substantiation of ways to improve the customs control efficiency and the state customs services quality) research methods. Based on the analysis of the customs value definition as a state customs unformalized service, the problematic aspects that reduce the service quality and the level of participants’ satisfaction in foreign economic activity have been identified. The study proposes possible options for solving the identified problematic aspects on the basis of the developed marketing model and methodology for assessing the customs services quality. Its fragment has been presented by the author on the example of goods customs value control and confirmation.
Russia’s inventive activity in new technological trends
Authors: Narbut V. V.
Published: June 2024

The study is devoted to analyzing peculiarities of inventive activity development in Russia in the conditions of sanctions restrictions and a new technological mode formation. The place of Russia in the world patent market has been determined, inventive activity regional potential analyzed. In terms of the absolute number of patent applications Russia is among the top ten world leaders, but its share in the world patent market is insignificant. Sanctions restrictions led to the reduction of applications for inventions by foreign applicants and weakening of the domestic intellectual property market dependence on foreign intellectual capital. A significant regional differentiation of inventive activity has been noted, and five leading regions identified. It is revealed that inventive and innovation activity are connected by a positive statistically significant relationship. The regions typologization by the inventive and innovation activity level has been obtained, which will make it possible to compare the inventive and innovation potential of regions and identify those in which they coincide or, conversely, do not correspond to each other. Consideration of the relationship among the indicators can be used to make decisions in the field of intellectual property, which can contribute to the intellectual security of Russia and serve as a basis for technological independence.
Head Group Dependence and Kinetic Bottlenecks of Gas- phase Thermal PFAS Destruction
Authors: Blotevogel Jens , Joyce Justin , Hill Olivia , Rappe Anthony
Published: June 2024

Varying and sometimes con[icting temperatures and products have been reported from studies addressing thermal PFAS destruction, often because decomposition pathways are highly dependent on the respective experimental system. Here we applied highest-level coupled cluster calculations to isolate and identify the major processes during thermal PFAS destruction in the gas phase with relevance to incineration, thermal oxidation, and other thermal treatment technologies in which PFAS and their volatile decomposition products desorb into the gas phase. All investigated per[uoroalkyl acids decompose via unimolecular head group loss, either through HF elimination or homolytic bond cleavage as a function of head group type. In contrast, all investigated [uorotelomers undergo initial hydrogen abstraction from the characteristic C2H4 moiety by hydroxyl radicals under representative incineration conditions, followed by radical decomposition. Subsequent formation of per[uoroalkanes including CF4 can then be prevented by supplying su`cient hydrogen donors such as hydrocarbon fuel and water as well as by scavenging released [uorine. This leads to the generation of stable 1H-per[uoroalkanes. While parent PFAS decomposition proceeds at gas-phase temperatures ≤700 °C, carbon-carbon cleavage of 1H-per[uoroalkanes requires up to ~950 °C at 2 seconds gas residence time, making this step the kinetic bottleneck on the way to complete thermal PFAS mineralization.
Mineralogical Analysis of Solid Sample Flame Emission Spectra by Machine Learning
Authors: Bernicky Adam , Davis Boyd , Kadiyski Milen , Loock Hans-Peter
Published: June 2024

Solid pre-concentrated ore samples used in pyrometallurgical copper smelters are analyzed by flame emission spectroscopy using a specialized flame OES system. Over 8500 complex spectra are categorized using an artificial neural network, ANN, that was optimized to have ten hidden layers with 40 nodes per layer. The ANN was able to quantify the elemental content of all samples to within better than 1.5% w/w, and was able to identify the prevalent minerals to within better than 2.5%w/w. The flame temperature was obtained with an uncertainty of 3 K and the particle sizes to within 2 m. The results are found to be superior to those obtained to a non-linear partial least squares fit model, which is equivalent to an ANN having no hidden layers.
High power density redox-mediated Shewanella microbial flow fuel cells
Authors: Zhang Leyuan , Zhang Yucheng , Liu Yang , Wang Sibo , Lee Calvin K. , Huang Yu , Duan Xiangfeng
Published: June 2024

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) utilize exoelectrogenic microorganisms to directly convert organic matter into electricity, offering a compelling approach for simultaneous power generation and wastewater treatment. However, conventional MFCs typically require thick biofilms for sufficient metabolic electron production rate, which inevitably compromises mass and electron transport, posing a fundamental tradeoff of limiting the achievable power density (<1 mW cm-2). Herein, we report a new concept of redox mediated microbial flow fuel cells (MFFCs) by exploiting artificial redox mediators in flowing medium to efficiently transfer metabolic electrons from bacteria to electrodes, which effectively overcomes mass transport limitations and markedly reduces internal resistance. The biofilm-free MFFC thus breaks the inherent tradeoff in dense biofilms, resulting in a maximum current density surpassing 40 mA cm-2 and a highest power density exceeding 10 mW cm-2, approximately one order of magnitude higher than those of state-of-the-art MFCs, to the best of our knowledge.
Bibliometric Analysis from Colombia's Coffee Region Natural Products derived from plants: Insights from the Literature
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Johny R. , Cortés-Hernández Héctor F. , Valencia-Sanchez Hoover A. , Mosquera-Martinez Oscar M. , Medina-Franco José L.
Published: June 2024

Latin America shows high plant biodiversity, this diversity is also reflected in all Colombian bioregions, supported by the varied topography and climates. Despite these rich natural resources, scientific understanding of Colombia's flora remains incomplete. The present study addresses the need to discuss the scientific publications around Colombian natural products derived from plants, specifically to the Coffee region. This is part of a larger initiative to explore the information available and highlight the research conducted so far. Consequently, Colombian authorities have recently launched programs to better study and utilize this biodiversity. Research related to natural products in Colombia is distributed across several information sources, making it challenging to recognize and compile. Additionally, studies focused on the structural elucidation of compounds are recent and have been reported only in the last twenty years. Likewise, it is not very abundant according to the results found. This study aims to review the current state of research on natural products derived from plants in Colombia's coffee region. To achieve this, we conducted a bibliometric analysis focusing on literature in English publications from the last few years retrieved from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. The analysis included identifying the most productive authors and key research topics with Bibliometrix. We also examined the impact and visibility of the publications by analyzing the H-index and quartile rankings of the journals where the research was published. Additionally, keyword analysis was performed using VOSviewer to visualize the main themes and trends in the field. This comprehensive review provides insights into the development and direction of research on natural products derived from plants in Colombia's Coffee region, highlighting the most influential studies and emerging areas of interest.
Ion-Pair Proximity in Cyclic Voltammetry and DFT studies of Aqueous Transition-Metal-Substituted Polyoxotungstates
Authors: Thompson Jake , Todman Fiona , Symes Mark , Vilà-Nadal Laia
Published: June 2024

Polyoxometalates (POMs), also known as molecular metal oxides, have attracted continuous interest since 1980s due to their unique properties and structural diversity. In general, POMs are redox active, stable in solution, and functional at the nanoscale. Computational chemistry calculations using density functional theory (DFT) to reproduce redox potentials have often been reported without accounting for the electrolyte environment and counterions. These calculations typically use implicit solvation models and compare theoretical results with previously published experimental data, which may not be synchronous. Herein, we employed DFT calculations to assess the accuracy of various exchange-correlation (x-c) functionals in reproducing experimental redox potentials for X5[M(H2O)PW11O39] salts; where X= Li, Na or K, and M = Mn(III/II), Fe(III/II) or Co(III/II). Our aim was to ensure that the experimental conditions and theoretical results are closely fit enabling a higher accuracy when reproducing experimental redox processes. Optimal accuracy was accomplished with PBE/TZP demonstrated by the lowest score for mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.55 V across all compounds in our work. Further analysis of MAE revealed increasing contributions to HF-exchange coincided with larger discrepancies from experimental potentials, U0Exp. The challenge in attaining accurate potentials is effectively controlling the proximity of the ion-pairing. To address this, we have explicitly specified the heteroatom-counterion, dP-X, geometries at discrete intervals (6-10 Å). Our proposed method permits an economical route for attaining accurate potentials, as opposed to necessitating CPU-expensive optimisations with hybrid x-c functionals.
Energy exchange between Nd3+ and Er3+ centers within molecular complexes
Authors: Maniaki Diamantoula , Sickinger Annika , Barrios Leoní A. , Aguilá David , Roubeau Olivier , Guyot Yannick , Riobé François , Maury Olivier , Abad Galán Laura , Aromi Guillem
Published: June 2024

The controlled and reproducible molecular assemblies incorporating lanthanide centers represents a crucial step in driving forward up- and down-conversion processes. This challenge calls for the development of strategies to facilitate the efficient in-situ segregation of different Ln metal ions into distinct positions within the molecule. The unique family of pure [LnLn′Ln] heterometallic coordination compounds previously developed by us represents an ideal platform for studying the desired Ln-to-Ln′ energy transfer (ET). In this context, we report here the new pure one-step synthetically produced [ErNdEr] (3) complex, which allows for the first time at the molecular level to study the mechanisms behind Nd-to-Er energy transfer. To further assess the photophysical properties of this complex, the analogous [LuNdLu] (1) and [ErLaEr] (2) complexes have been also prepared and photophysically studied. Efficient sensitization via the two β-diketones employed as main ligands was proben for both Nd3+ and Er3+ ions, resulting in highly resolved emission spectra and sufficiently long excited state lifetimes, which allowed to further assess the Ln-to-Ln′ ET. This intermetallic transfer was first detected by comparing the emission spectra of iso-absorbant solutions and demonstrated by comparing the lifetime values with or without the lanthanide quencher (Er3+), as well as with a deep analysis of the excitation spectrum of the three complexes. Thus, a very unique phenomenon was discovered, consisting in a mutual Nd-to-Er and Er-to-Nd ET with no net increase of brightness by any metal ; while Nd3+ transfers the energy received from the antena to Er3+, the sensitization of the latter results into back-transfer to Nd3+ to a non-emissive, thus silent state.
Deep Supramolecular Language Processing for Co-crystal Prediction
Authors: Birolo Rebecca , Özçelik Rıza , Aramini Andrea , Gobetto Roberto , Chierotti Michele Remo , Grisoni Francesca
Published: June 2024

Approximately 40% of marketed drugs exhibit suboptimal pharmacokinetic profiles. Co-crystallization, where pairs of molecules form a multicomponent crystal, constitutes a promising strategy to enhance physicochemical properties without compromising the pharmacological activity. However, finding promising co-crystal pairs is resource-intensive, due to the vast number of possible combinations. We present DeepCocrystal, a novel deep learning approach designed to predict co-crystal formation by processing the 'chemical language' from a supramolecular vantage point. Rigorous validation of DeepCocrystal showed a balanced accuracy of 78% in realistic scenarios, outperforming existing models. By leveraging the properties of molecular string representations, DeepCocrystal can also estimate the uncertainty of its predictions. We harness this capability in a challenging prospective study, and successfully discovered two novel co-crystal of diflunisal, an anti-inflammatory drug. This study underscores the potential of deep learning -- and in particular of chemical language processing -- to accelerate co-crystallization, and ultimately drug development, in both academic and industrial contexts.
Thermochromic Circularly Polarized Luminescence via Chiral AIEgen-loaded Microcapsules for Adaptive Camouflage and Security
Authors: Chen Shusheng , Liu Dan , Zhang Yue , Chen Zufan , Zhang Dongjian , Wu Tianhao , Feng Xing , Qiu Zijie , Yi Guobin , Zhao Zheng , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2024

Stimuli-responsive circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials show great promise for dynamic camouflage, information encryption, and smart sensing. However, synthesis complexity and limited practical versatility hinder current research. This study demonstrates novel thermochromic CPL microcapsules (MCs) that contain chiral aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) doped alkane phase change materials (PCMs). The synthesized AIEgens, characterized by a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 73.3% and obvious chiroptical properties, were successfully incorporated into PCMs to form thermochromic CPL materials. Microencapsulation of the AIEgen-doped PCMs effectively addressed practical concerns of leakage and corrosion, yielding stable and thermally reliable MCs. These MCs exhibited versatility across diverse polymeric matrices and substrate surfaces, highlighting their adaptability. Leveraging the thermochromic CPL properties, 2D and 3D information encryption systems based on MC-embedded coatings were developed, ensuring high-level data security. Furthermore, their application in high-end camouflage effectively adapted military vehicle coatings to diverse environmental terrains, improving stealth and survivability. The easy scalable fabrication and multifunctionality of these thermochromic CPL MC-embedded coatings hold transformative potential for security and defense applications, offering innovative solutions for protecting sensitive information and concealing military assets.
India's knowledge system - A needed approach in NEP2020 to regain the deep roots of our nation- India
Authors: K Sudhakar
Published: June 2024

"Ingrained in India" is a significant idea established in the New Education Policy of 2020 as a critical component of new education in India. To support a comprehensive, inclusive, and culturally rich educational experience, this idea is weaved throughout the NEP. The phrase represents an educational philosophy that is closely linked to India's rich intellectual, historical, cultural, and spiritual legacy. "Ingrained in India" is a cornerstone of NEP 2020 and will have a significant impact on the composition and design of the upcoming educational framework. Groundedness in India is a deep idea that transcends simple political or geographic connections. It encompasses a profound kinship with the intricate web of Indian customs, values, knowledge, and spirituality as well as a feeling of eternal belonging. I shall examine the cultural, historical, philosophical, and spiritual foundations of Ingrained in India in this article as I dig into its many facets as understanding cultural diversity, Historical continuity, Understanding Spirituality and Philosophy of our country, and the importance of Inculcating Ethical and Moral values among our future generation.
Screening for Antinociceptive Action of Gastroretentive Drug delivery System of Tramadol hydrochloride in Mice
Authors: M Ravi , A Umar Faruksha , AM Sekar
Published: June 2024

The floating drug delivery system is to avoid the problem of drug waste and to limit the frequency of administration. Here the drug Tramadol is being centrally acting opioid analgesic can be formulated as sustained release formulation by adopting the method gastroretentive drug delivery system through effervescent floating drug delivery system with different grades of polymer Hyperomellose. The Pharmacological activity on Mice by both Hot Plate and Tail Flick Methods also suggest that when the Tramadol Hcl increased with its dosage form shows significant Analgesic Activity in animals which shows a spontaneous dose dependent increase in Analgesic activity was found it shows that the dosage form deserve for designed method of gastroretentive drug delivery system.
Construction and validation of social media attention span assessment toolkit (SMASAT)
Authors: P Subramanian , M Rathish
Published: June 2024

In the current study, the Social Media Attention Span Assessment Toolkit (SMASAT), was designed and standardised to evaluate the impact of social media on the attention span of higher secondary pupils. This scale has 73 statements. The current study employed a basic random sampling approach, with a sample of 30 higher secondary students from Chengalpattu District. The study instrument was verified using Cronbach's alpha. The new Social Media Attention Span Assessment Toolkit (SMASAT) for measuring the influence of social media on the attention span of higher secondary pupils was created with 81 statements, 73 of which were kept. Thus, the standardised tool contains 73 items. The new Social Media Attention Span Assessment Toolkit (SMASAT) will be used as a research instrument in the final study.
Study on Sorptivity Test on Fly Ash Aggregate Concrete
Authors:   PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA, R Ranjithkumar , G Divyasankari ,   Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA
Published: June 2024

Aggregate is most widely used in reinforced concrete construction. In this investigation, fly ash aggregates were used in concrete and its effect on durability of concrete was studied. The fly ash was collected from Mettur Thermal Power plant. Then the cement fly ash proportion of 10:90, 12.5:87.5, 15:85, 17.5:82.5, 20:80 and 22.5:77.5 were adopted to get fly ash aggregates. The Particle size distribution, Specific gravity and Water absorption tests on aggregates were conducted. M20 grade of concrete was considered. The fresh concrete tests like Slump test and Compacting factor test were conducted. For the plain concrete and fly ash aggregate concrete the cubes were cast. All the specimens were cured in a curing tank. The plain and fly ash aggregate concrete cube specimens were cast and tested at the age of 28days and 56days. Sorptivity and saturated water absorption tests were conducted on these plain and fly ash aggregate concrete specimens. The results were tabulated and compared by drawing graphs. Based on the results obtained, conclusions and suggestions were made.
Development and Properties of Low-Calcium Fly Ash-Based Geo polymer Concrete
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA, Rajan Dr.Soundar , A AnuPriya ,   PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA
Published: June 2024

The main objective of this current study is to develop a cement free concrete material because of the green house effect during the manufacture of cement. It is reported that every one tonne production of cement emits one tonne carbon dioxide which causes global warming and in broad sense disturbs the entire ecological system. It results the promotion of geopolymer concrete where silica and alumina will bind together with alkaline solution during the process of polymerization. The researchers taken greater initiatives in geopolymer concrete there is no specific study related to the mix design because of commercialization and patenting. Hence the authors interested in identifying specific mix design using trial proportion of low calcium fly ash and alkaline solutions (sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide). This investigation deals suggested that pozzolans such as blast furnace slag might be activated using alkaline liquids to form a binder and hence totally replace the use of OPC in concrete. In this scheme, the main contents to be activated are silicon and calcium in the blast furnace slag. The main binder produced is a C-S-H gel, as the result of the hydration process.
Studies on Concrete Replaced with Waste Tyre Rubber as Fine Aggregate
Authors:   PG Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, India, G.J Hemalaa , V. Dr.Pavalan ,   Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering,Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA
Published: June 2024

Concrete is one of the most extensively used construction material in the world and the mineral aggregates used to make the concrete are a finite resource, which is fast dwindling. On the other hand, Waste tyre treatment is now a serious global threat. Waste tyre dumping, disposal of these materials or burning these tyres cause serious environmental and health problems. The public, governments and industry are all greatly interested in green environment and engineering approaches towards better sustainable development. At the same time, these studies can help to make the environment clean and minimize waste. An emerging use is the production of concrete, in which rubber tyre particles Partially replace natural coarse aggregates. One of the solutions suggested is the use of tyre rubber aggregates as additive in cement based material. Waste tyres are cut into small pellets of size matching the nominal aggregate size and are used to replace the coarse aggregate used in concrete. For comparative analysis, concrete mix of M20 grade is prepared for various concrete mixes by varying percentage replacement of mineral coarse aggregates by 4, 6, and 8 rubber aggregates and the mechanical properties of rubber concrete are compared with that of conventional concrete. Different combinations of crumb rubber with traditional coarse aggregate were evaluated based on compression strength and flexural strength tests were conducted according to Indian Standard.
Experimental Investigation on Self Curing High Performance Concrete
Authors:   PG Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA, J Thamodharan , M Chitra ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA
Published: June 2024

Proper curing of concrete structures is important to ensure that they meet their intended performance and ductility requirements. Therefore an effective in situ curing is necessary to maximize the degree of hydration and to minimize cracking problems due to drying shrinkage. Traditional external curing could not achieve a desired effect due to very low permeability and high chemical reaction in high-performance concrete. So some researches shifted their attention to self curing, a new curing method that may greatly enhance the curing effect on high performance concrete. Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP) are used as self curing agent. SAPs are a group of polymeric materials that have the ability to absorb and retain a significant amount of liquid from their surroundings and to retain the liquid within their structure without dissolving. In this study investigate experimentally and analytically the behavior of exterior beam-column joint and strength characteristics of Self Curing high performance Concrete (SCC) containing Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP) and Silica Fume. In this investigation SCHPC was made by replacement of cement by 10% of Silica fume and Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) added at a various range of 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% of cement. The experimental results were then compared with analytical results obtained from the FEM Analysis using ANSYS 14.0. Load Deflection characteristics, Stiffness, Ductility were studied and it is found that the SCHPC has shown good improvement in load caring capacity. Mechanical characteristics like Compressive strength, Split-tensile strength, Flexural strength and Modulus of Elasticity examined. A mathematical model was conducted using SPSS software for the mechanical characteristics of SCHPC.A comparative study between the results obtained from the laboratory and SPSS has been made. The predicted mathematical model for mechanical characteristics produced accurate results for the respective ages when compared with the experimental results. Also, the durability study for Self cuing concrete after 28 and 56 days curing was done by conducting the tests such as saturated water absorption, porosity, Acid resistance, Sea water resistance, Accelerated electrolytic corrosion and Modified sorptivity.
Flexural Behaviour of RC Beam with Pond Flyash and ESP FlyAsh
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA, M Chitra , E SathishKumar ,   PG Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, TamilNadu, INDIA
Published: June 2024

The use of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) such as Fly ash, Granulated Slag and Silica fume as a replacement for Portland cement in concrete presents one viable solution with multiple benefits for the sustainable development of the construction industry. Out of various supplementary materials, Fly ash is the most widely used material worldwide. Fly ash has excellent structural and durability characteristics. The pore filling effect and pozzolanic properties of Flyash improves the properties of fresh and hardened concrete. In addition to the cost saving bythe replacement amount of cement; it reduces co2emission during the manufacture of Portland cement. In the present investigation, a controlled beam and six number of ESP flyash and Pond flyash beams of size 200 x 100 x 1700 mm were cast. This paper deals with the investigation on the flexural behaviour of beam with pond flyash and ESP (Electro static precipitated) flyash at various cement replacement levels of 4%, 6%, and 8% and the results are compared with controlled beam. The flexural test was conducted to determine the ultimate load carrying capacity of the beams and their corresponding mid span deflection, load point deflection, crack pattern, Stress vs strain are measured. The flexural strength of ESP flyash is increased 24.76% for 8% replacement level and pond flyash is increased 10.97 % for 6% replacement level than controlled beam respectively. This study revealed that the replacement of cement by flyash concrete provides higher compressive strength & flexural strength compared with controlled concrete.
The influence of sport-specific factors on sleep quality in young elite athletes
Authors: Pano-Rodriguez Alvaro , Beltran-Garrido Jose V. , Hernadez-Gonzalez Vicens , Bueno-Antequera Javier , Oviedo-Caro Miguel A. , Mayolas-Pi Carmen , Legaz-Arrese Alejandro , Reverter-Masia Joaquin
Published: June 2024

Sleep is a crucial physiological process that promotes human health and well-being. Physical activity and sports participation are known to improve sleep quality in adolescents. The objective was to investigate how the characteristics of different sports affected this relationship in elite athletes. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1,831 young Spanish elite athletes (1,059 males and 772 females) from 11 to 20 years old who self-reported their sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Questionnaire and provided information on their sports practice. Technical sports reported significantly better sleep quality than team sports (p=.004, d =- 0.39, small). Additionally, individual competition sports reported better sleep quality than team competition sports (p=.033, d=- 0.15, trivial). Differences by the type of metabolism were not statistically significant. Better sleep quality was reported in outdoors training environment sports compared to indoors training environment sports (p=.023, d=-0.11, trivial). The type of sports practiced may influence sleep quality in adolescents and highlights the importance of considering sport characteristics when promoting sleep health. Further research is necessary to explore the underlying mechanisms and to validate these findings across different age groups and populations.