bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the multi-strategy WHO emergency care toolkit in regional referral hospitals in Uganda
Authors: Werner Kalin , Risko Nicholas , Kalanzi Joseph , Wallis Lee A. , Reynolds Teri A.
Published: December 2022

Background

Low- and middle-income countries bear a disproportionate amount of the global burden of disease from emergency conditions. To improve the provision of emergency care in low-resource settings, a multifaceted World Health Organization (WHO) intervention introduced a toolkit including Basic Emergency Care training, resuscitation area guidelines, a trauma registry, a trauma checklist, and triage tool in two public hospital sites in Uganda. While introduction of the toolkit revealed a large reduction in the case fatality rate of patients, little is known about the cost-effectiveness and affordability. We analysed the cost-effectiveness of the toolkit and conducted a budget analysis to estimate the impact of scale up to all regional referral hospitals for the national level.

Methods

A decision tree model was constructed to assess pre- and post-intervention groups from a societal perspective. Data regarding mortality were drawn from WHO quality improvement reports captured at two public hospitals in Uganda from 2016–2017. Cost data were drawn from project budgets and included direct costs of the implementation of the intervention, and direct costs of clinical care for patients with disability. Development costs were not included. Parameter uncertainty was assessed using both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Our model estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of implementing the WHO emergency care toolkit measuring all costs and outcomes as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) over a lifetime, discounting both costs and outcomes at 3.5%.

Results

Implementation of the WHO Toolkit averted 1,498 DALYs when compared to standard care over a one-year time horizon. The initial investment of $5,873 saved 34 lives (637 life years) and avoided $1,670,689 in downstream societal costs, resulted in a negative incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, dominating the comparator scenario of no intervention. This would increase to saving 884 lives and 25,236 DALYs annually with national scale up. If scaled to a national level the total intervention cost over period of five years would be $4,562,588 or a 0.09% increase of the total health budget for Uganda. The economic gains are estimated to be $29,880,949 USD, the equivalent of a 655% return on investment. The model was most sensitive to average annual cash income, discount rate and frequency survivor is a road-traffic incident survivor, but was robust for all other parameters.

Conclusion

Improving emergency care using the WHO Toolkit produces a cost-savings in a low-resource setting such as Uganda. In alignment with the growing body of literature highlighting the value of systematizing emergency care, our findings suggest the toolkit could be an efficient approach to strengthening emergency care systems.
As mulheres dos Excerpta Declamationum de Calpúrnio Flaco
Authors: Da Silva Pontes Jefferson
Published: December 2022

As declamações têm se revelado um profícuo campo de pesquisas no âmbito dos estudos clássicos, seja em aspectos retóricos intrínsecos ao gênero declamatório, ou em questões intertextuais e intergenéricas. Uma vertente dessas publicações tem se ocupado da tarefa de compreender mais do universo declamatório criado pelos rétores a partir dos personagens que protagonizam as querelas declamatórias. Seguindo esse caminho, este artigo pretende lançar luz sobre a representação das personagens femininas nos Excerpta Declamationum de Calpúrnio Flaco, compostos entre os três primeiros séculos da era comum, com a finalidade de conhecer mais sobre essas cinquenta e três controvérsias, as quais nos revelam que, no universo ficcional criado por Calpúrnio Flaco, ainda que as mulheres não sejam as protagonistas das querelas declamatórias, antes as coadjuvantes, certamente, elas conferem maior profundidade aos conflitos criados nas escolas de retórica.
Importância da tradução (português e latim) no diálogo China – Portugal
Authors: André Carlos Ascenso , Yunfeng Zhang
Published: December 2022

No diálogo, nem sempre fácil, entre o mundo ocidental e a China, no século XVI, a tradução foi elemento essencial. Este artigo pretende ser um contributo para a história da tradução na China continental e em Macau, com destaque para o papel dos Jesuítas (Matteo Ricci, Michelle Ruggieri, Tomás Pereira, entre muitos outros) e, mais tarde, já no século XIX, o do Padre Joaquim Afonso Gonçalves. Eles foram determinantes para a afirmação da tradução em Macau e no interior da China, a qual é precursora do ensino do português em ambos os lugares, com a vitalidade que hoje tem.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO, INFÂNCIA E GÊNERO: ANÁLISE DO FILME O DIÁRIO DO PESCADOR
Authors: Eugênio Josiane , Casagrande Maria Aparecida , Volpato Gildo
Published: December 2022

Buscou-se analisar, qualitativamente, o filme O diário do pescador, que aborda diferentes formas de violência e preconceito sofrido pelas mulheres e meninas moradoras de uma vila de pescadores na República dos Camarões/África Central. O estudo teve como objetivo compreender as concepções de infância, educação e gênero encontradas no filme e o papel da educação na emancipação das meninas/mulheres. As análises foram realizadas á luz de autores como Vigotsky (2011), Cohn (2005), Freire (1996, 2002), Ivic (2010) e Louro (1997, 2011). A partir dos fatos ocorridos no filme, podemos perceber o poder da educação, revelando que o acesso, pode interferir na possibilidade de transformação da realidade vivida. As reflexões desenvolvidas apontam para a importância de se pensar e lutar por políticas de prevenção das violências de gênero e de cuidados com as infâncias de meninas e mulheres, como possibilidade de justiça social e construção de um mundo mais igualitário e humano.
Desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais de saúde que adoeceram por tuberculose em época de epidemia
Authors: Feitosa Vivianne Gomes , Santos Bruna Andrade , Ferrari José Odair , Halax Orfão Nathalia
Published: December 2022

Grandes epidemias marcaram a história da humanidade acarretando desafios a serem enfrentados pelos profissionais de saúde na linha de frente. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo descrever acerca dos desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais de saúde que adoeceram em época de epidemia, de acordo com a literatura nacional e internacional. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados da Lilacs, Medline, Cinahl e Scopus, a partir dos descritores indexados e seus respectivos sinônimos, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, considerando como critérios artigos científicos completos publicados, no período de 2000 a 2020, nos idiomas supracitados, e como elegibilidade aqueles que respondiam à questão norteadora. Foram encontradas nas bases de dados 278 publicações, das quais 15 foram selecionadas para leitura na íntegra que abordavam a TB como doença ocupacional, desafios enfrentados relacionados a biossegurança, prevenção, fatores de risco, sobrecarga dos sistemas de saúde, implementação de diretrizes, estigmas, pró atividade profissional e os contextos de outras epidemias acarretando maior carga de trabalho, adoecimento e medo da comunidade de se infectar. Os desafios resultam em piora da qualidade do serviço, da saúde física e psíquica dos profissionais de saúde, aumentando a vulnerabilidade e chance de adoecimento por TB.
Two Implant Mandibular Overdentures: Clinical and Laboratory Procedures
Authors: Azzaldeen Abdulgani , Muhamad Abu-Hussein
Published: December 2022

Edentulism is considered a poor health outcome and may compromise quality of life. Implant-supported overdentures provide a good opportunity for dentists to improve the quality of life and oral health. Atrophic mandible poses a signiﬁcant challenge to successful oral rehabilitation with dental implants. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the concept of immediate functional loading in the mandible using unsplinted implants to support a locator attachment supported overdenture.
Success Driven: Student Motivation Actions in Teaching and Learning
Authors: Grant Coke Monique J.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this topic is to add to the body of good teaching and learning that helps create the conditions for more critical thinking and practice skills that enable, keep students interested, and consistently motivate them. Teachers now have a greater focus on implementing motivational learning and studying strategies that are more relevant to the processes of teaching and learning thanks to new methodologies, which have further enhanced instructional strategies for teaching and learning.

Positive school cultures that are long-lasting will result from these new methods and strategies. According to the authors, educators have been impacted by evidence-based practice and data-based decision making within the educational system. As a result, there is a growing need for educators to learn more about these resources that are relevant to students and can lead to greater success. These applicable interventions have a positive effect on students, and the information that helps them make decisions increases their response.
[Review] Dominic O’Key. Creaturely Forms in Contemporary Literature: Narrating the War Against Animals. Bloomsbury Pub., 2022. 202 pp.
Authors: Drew John
Published: December 2022

[Review] Dominic O’Key. Creaturely Forms in Contemporary Literature: Narrating the War Against Animals. Bloomsbury Pub., 2022. 202 pp.
Prüfung der mechanischen Zeitstandfestigkeit von Filamentgarn bei heterogenen Wirkpaarungen
Authors: Putzke Enrico , Hühnel Thomas , Großer Karline , Ficker Frank
Published: December 2022

Inhalt dieses Beitrages ist es, die Qualität und Eignung verfügbarer Mess- und Detektionstechnik im Zusammenhang mit der Garnprüfung darzustellen. Wie durch die Auswertung deutliche wurde, war es notwendig eine Konzipierung von Prüfständen und Prüfmethoden für neue Werkstoffe im Faserbereich und hybride textile Strukturen umzusetzen. Im Folgenden soll ein Prüfkonzept zur Garn / Garn Interaktion bei einer dynamischen, heterogenen Materialprüfung vorgestellt werden. Zur Ermittlung grundlegenden reibtechnischer Kennwerte wurden an den verschiedenen Fasermaterialien Dauerversuche bis zum Materialversagen durchgeführt. Nach den Vorversuchen zur Parametrisierung konnten sich die eigentlichen Reibversuchen zwischen Hochleistungs- und Massenfasern anschschließen.
Simulative Abbildung der Blattfederaufstellung eines Vibrationsförderers durch Timoshenko Balken in SimulationX
Authors: Kuhn Christian , Risch Thomas , Golder Markus
Published: December 2022

Vibrationsförderer sind technische Systeme, die Güter mit Hilfe von Schwingungen bewegen. Durch eine Schwingungsbewegung des Förderorgans erfolgt dabei die Übertragung der Antriebskraft auf das Fördergut. Ermöglicht wird die Förderorganschwingung durch eine elastische Lagerung, welche oft aus Blattfedern besteht. Mittels Simulation sollen in dem Artikel die Blattfedern in Vibrationsförderermodellen näher betrachtet werden. Im Fokus steht dabei die Art und Weise der Blattfedermodellierung. Die Ausbildung der charakteristischen S-förmigen Biegelinie gemeinsam mit meist unbekannten achsbezogenen Steifigkeiten führen zu Problemen im Modellaufbau. Aus dem Grund wird im Rahmen dieses Artikels die Blattfedermodellierung als Timoshenko-Balken verfolgt.
Tieftemperatur-Dauerbiegeprüfung von Faserseilen (konstruktive Entwicklung eines Versuchstandes)
Authors: Metzner Uwe
Published: December 2022

Die Prüfung der sogenannten Dauerbiegewechselfestigkeit von Faserseilen ist eine Prüfung, um vorzugsweise die Verschleißbeständigkeit von Faserseilen zu quantifizieren. Die Prüfung der Biegewechselfestigkeit von Faserseilen wird zum gegenwärtigen Stand der Technik auf speziellen Prüfmaschinen durchgeführt, welche jedoch bisher nur Prüfungen bei Umgebungstemperatur ermöglichten. Um die Verschleißbeständigkeit von Faserseilen bei verschiedenen Temperaturen prüfen zu können, wurde eine Prüfeinrichtung entwickelt, welche über eine entsprechende Klimakammer verfügt, welche geregelte Prüftemperaturen in einem Bereich von -30 bis 20°C ermöglicht.

Der Beitrag hat die Problemstellung und die konstruktive Entwicklung der Gerätetechnik für die Tieftemperatur-Dauerbiegeprüfung von Faserseilen zum Gegenstand und geht abschließend auf die Ergebnisse erster Dauerbiegeprüfversuche ein. Die Technologie sowie die Versuchsgerätetechnik zur Tieftemperatur-Dauerbiegeprüfung von Faserseilen stehen nun ersten Anwendung zur Verfügung.
Untersuchung der Quersteifigkeit geflochtener hochfester Faserseile
Authors: Stange Karl , Müller Christoph , Golder Markus
Published: December 2022

Zunehmend ersetzten Seile aus hochfesten synthetischen Fasern in ausgewählten Bereichen der Fördertechnik Drahtseile. Die axialen Eigenschaften der Faserseile sind wohlbekannt. Jedoch sind deren Eigenschaften in Querrichtung noch nachrangig Gegenstand der Untersuchungen. Dementsprechend wurden geflochtene Faserseile hinsichtlich ihrer Quersteifigkeit in Abhängigkeit von deren axialer Vorspannung bis zu einem Sicherheitsfaktor von 7 untersucht.
Management of Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis With Annular Calcification During HeartMate 3 Implantation
Authors: Chen Qiudong , Emerson Dominic , Chikwe Joanna , Esmailian Fardad
Published: December 2022

There is a lack of data-driven consensus on the treatment of mitral stenosis at the time of left ventricular assist device implantation. The presence of severe mitral annular calcification further complicates mitral valve intervention. This case report presents a 72-year-old woman with severe mitral stenosis and severe annular calcification with end-stage ischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent HeartMate 3 (Abbott Cardiovascular) implantation. The mitral valve pathology was successfully managed with concomitant open balloon valvuloplasty and surgical commissurotomy on a fibrillating heart without aortic cross-clamp. This approach avoided the need for mitral valve replacement and the potential risks associated with annular decalcification and reconstruction. Longer follow-up is needed to determine its effectiveness over time.
Analisis Konsentrasi Logam Berat (Pb dan Cu) Pada Sedimen di Perairan Muara Sungai Genuk, Semarang
Authors: Khotimah Husnul , Rochaddi Baskoro , Wulandari Sri Yulina
Published: December 2022

Perairan Genuk, Semarang merupakan kawasan kegiatan industri dan manusia. Adanya aktivitas ini berdampak kepada konsentrasi logam berat pada sedimen dasar di perairan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsentrasi logam berat Pb, Cu dan bahan organik serta mengetahui korelasi antara konsentrasi logam berat dan bahan organik dengan ukuran butir di perairan tersebut. Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom yang dilakukan di Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan PAK digunakan untuk menentukan konsentrasi logam berat. Untuk fraksi sedimen menggunakan analisis metode pengayakan basah. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu konsentrasi logam berat Cu lebih tinggi dibandingkan logam berat Pb. Dengan logam Cu 10,626 – 17,18 mg/kg dan logam Pb 4,644 – 8,571 mg/kg. Persentase fraksi sedimen di semua titik lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh fraksi lanau. Hasil uji korelasi didapatkan korelasi positif antara logam berat Pb dan Cu dengan fraksi pasir masing-masing yaitu sebesar 0,7614 dan 0,5515. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat hubungan positif antara bahan organik dengan fraksi sedimen lanau dan lempung dengan nilai masing-masing r = 0,5639 dan r = 0,4091.
Best Practice: Waste to Fertilizer in Polytechnic Mersing
Authors: Krishnan Ts. Murugan
Published: December 2022

Institutions of Higher Learning in Malaysia which serve as an educational and research institution need to emphasize on sustainability issues to ensure continuous efforts. However, acceptance from campus staff makes it difficult for these sustainability efforts to continue due to the lack of strong support and high awareness of the importance of caring for the environment. The purpose of this study was to provide knowledge and awareness on food waste can be used as fertilizer. These composite fertilizers are then used in agricultural activities at polytechnics to generate income. The knowledge and awareness of sustainability is very high among campus residents. However, the practice and willingness to be involved in the implementation is at a low level and needs to design more awareness programs and activities that are more interesting to campus residents so that sustainability practices can become a culture in their daily lives.Keyword: Awareness on sustainability, sustainability practice and food waste and waste to fertilizer
Innovative strategic planning for a sustainable green university: University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka
Authors: T.S.D Amarasena , E.P.S Chandana , D Ratnasekera , K.K.L Hasini
Published: December 2022

University of Ruhuna (UOR) consists of ten faculties thatspread over 366 acres in six different locations in the Southern Province ofSri Lanka. Economically viable and mutually benefited public-privatepartnerships, which ensure the common direction for the different goalsof stakeholders, are the principles of strategic green planning of theUniversity. This paper presents two key sustainable initiatives of UOR. Theproposed strategic landscaping project has been focused to utilize theopen space which accounts for 60-70% of the total land area. The totalopen space will be divided into manageable zones based on geographicalcharacteristics. Private sponsorships will be sought to cover the initialcapital and maintenance cost, allowing sponsors to do selectedpromotional activities within their zones. The second project is theestablishment of a sustainable, modern agribusiness venture. Thirty acresof land will be rented out for a private company and the company has toshare the profit with the University. University will provide consultationand technical support to the project. Cultivation of Cinnamon, Pepper andother unique spicy crops, production of organic fertilizer and bio char,protected agriculture project, Cinnamon oil extraction plant and solarpower project are the key components of this initiativeKeyword: Green university, Public-private partnerships, Strategic planning,Sustainable
Managing University of Sharjah Setting and Infrastructure Towards a Sustainable and Livable Campus
Authors: Mushtaha Emad , Alsyouf Imad , Bettayeb Maamar , Al Jaberi Bushra Hussein , Al Mallahi Maryam
Published: December 2022

This paper describes the setting and infrastructure management at the University of Sharjah (UoS) as a continuous effort towards a livable and sustainable campus. The UoS has been participating in the UI GreenMetric World Universities Ranking (UIGWUR) since 2017 to measure its performance in the field of sustainability for continuous improvement. During the last three years, the UoS has succeeded in being among the best 150 universities in the SI category by achieving 70% of the score. However, the UoS managed to get 75% of the total score in this KPI and 100% in the open space per person KPI ratio. To become one of the leading universities, the Landscape and Building Management Sustainability Circle (LBMSC) at the Sustainability Office has analyzed the KPIs and suggested an action plan for continuous improvement. Two KPIs can be improved: sustainability efforts and the total area covered in plants. The UoS shall increase the sustainability efforts and budget and increase the internal and external planting in the coming years. For some KPIs, it cannot be applied to desert regions. It is recommended that the UIGWUR revisit its KPIs and make them more flexible and applicable worldwide. Furthermore, for the open space ratio to the total area KPI, it is recommended to revisit the distribution of the points to have fair comparison. Action plans to improve the sustainability and livability of the campus have also been addressed.Keyword: Setting and infrastructure, LBMSC, livable campus, open area, forest, water absorption, green area, sustainability efforts/budget, and GreenMetric
Small-Scale Biogas Reactors Converting Organic Waste to Energy and Ferlilizer: A Case Study of Sam Ratulangi University Green Campus Project
Authors: Kumaat Ellen J. , Manembu Indry S. , Mambu Susan M. , Mangindaan Glanny M. C.
Published: December 2022

Organic Waste Management (OWM) has been a major problem worldwide in most of the cities among developing countries such as Indonesia. Sam Ratulangi University (UNSRAT) is located in the rural setting of the medium city of Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, was committed to achieving minimum waste across all campus locations, by averting some waste through reduced consumption and diverting the rest through recycling, composting, or reusing. A large amount of yard waste such as grass, leaves, and branches is produced on campus in UNSRAT, which is a problem that needs to be effectively solved. Composting is a sustainable OWM practice that converts organic waste into valuable products such as liquid organic fertilizer and biogas. OWM and bioenergy production are complementary to each other, because the application of compost back into the soil can contribute to sustainable soil health, and biogas is the principal renewable energy source that manages potentially harmful organic wastes. Thus, in the present article, recycling of organic waste has recently become an important topic and the intensification of organic waste conversion strategies was elaborated and analyzed frequently. The result indicated that creating a small-scale biogas reactor is more cost-effective, eco-friendly, and presents a sustainable waste treatment method within UNSRAT campus into valuable products that promote the university as a green campus. Keyword: bioenergy; biogas reactor; organic waste; organic liquid fertilizer
KBAD-A Real Time Opportunity for Sustainability Education During Covid-19
Authors: Nargis Selina , Dastagir Muhammad Rehan , Ahmed Ferdous , Akhter Sayma , Rahman Mohammed Ataur
Published: December 2022

In achieving Sustainable Development Goals, the university holds a leading position. However, throughout the year long pandemic attachment between university and student has moved towards a more virtual platform. It has become a great challenge for both students’ and educational institutions to continue education through online platform. Facing the challenges of pandemic IUBAT successfully continues the online educational program. KBAD-Knowledge Based Area Development, a UNU (United Nations University) Flagship project has proven effectiveness in building links with IUBAT to students across the country. This program is to produce at least one technical graduate from 87,963 villages of Bangladesh. Door to door proper guidance for higher education is provided in the remote villages with financial assistance and interest free loans for the meritorious and needy. Since 2010, a total 9,381 students have graduated and another 11,699 are currently studying under KBAD from 535 out of 550 Upazilas and Thanas across the country. In the year of 2018, Merit Scholarship has been given approximately BDT 164.9 million; Interest free loan approximately BDT 20 million; Special Scholarship BDT 0.66 million with a total sum 185.56 million BDT or 2.2 m USD. Generally, 15% (Fifteen) more scholarship has been given to female students to ensure gender equity.  There is no other such university sponsored scheme/program for financial loan available in the country.  In the period of COVID-19, an additional 15% (fifteen) tuition fee waiver has been given to all, admission fee reduced 50%, a 6 USD fund transferred to the students to avail mobile data. Students have graduated with technical and ESD (Education for Sustainable Development) skills as it is a mandatory practice of this university. This nationwide education promotion made it a sustainable campaign outreaching the majority of remote villages of the country and encouraging technical education to the underprivileged group of the society along with the urban students. This unique program complies with SDG goals 4.3, 4.4 and 4.7. These goals ensure equal access of affordable, technical, tertiary and sustainable education to all leaving no one behind. KBAD is a model to eradicate educational discriminancy in a nation by removing financial barriers in tertiary education.Keyword: Sustainability Education, KBAD, Education Loan, Equal Access of Tertiary Education, Mentoring Rural Students
Implementation of solar panels and photovoltaic systems as an alternative for efficient energy saving at Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia-UNAD
Authors: Gómez Edna Vanessa Ramos , Vargas Carlos Eduardo Bohórquez , Arias Karen Lorena , Gutierrez Daniela Carolina Herrera
Published: December 2022

The Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia- UNAD, is a public, educational organization of the National Order that through the conception and practice of Distance Education was not affected in the development of activities in the time of pandemic, according to its solid technological infrastructure to promote the virtuality.One of the principal changes implied by the preventive isolation because of COVID-19 was to reassess the context of the management system and the expectations and demands of the stakeholders, generating new opportunities and risks as a result of the sanitary situation. This situation, strengthening the commitment of the Environmental Management System with climate change based on the sustainable development objectives and the 2019-2023 internal development plan, which refers within its main goals, to the installation of 8 solar tables and 2 photovoltaic systems for outdoor lighting in different locations, in addition to operational control activities that contribute to mitigating the impacts  of the activities associated with the work at home and on-site modality, giving environmental legal compliance and expanding the scope to ISO 14001:2015 certification in new centers, thus promoting new challenges that have allowed the positioning in good environmental practices of the University at the national level. Keyword: Sustainable Development Goals, Energy, photovoltaic lighting systems, carbon footprint
Environmental & Financial Benefits of 360 kW Photo Voltaic Solar System (On-Grid) in University of Wah
Authors: Anwar Khalid Mahmood , Riaz Umar
Published: December 2022

In the 21st century, the utilization and application of renewable energy resources are the need of the hour. Currently, in Pakistan, the cost of electricity per unit is very high and it has a huge effect on financial matters. In this study, we have analyzed the 360 kW Photovoltaic (PV) Solar system (On-Grid) installed at the University of Wah, its effects on the financial aspects, and environment change before and after its installation and operation. There are many types of renewable energy resources but not all of them are environmentally friendly. The University of Wah opted for the PV Solar system because it is environmentally friendly with no carbon emissions and requires very less maintenance. In this paper, we have also discussed, how this system benefits the local community and benefits the environment. All the facts and statistics about the 360 kW PV Solar System (On-Grid) are shared in detail.Keyword: Photovoltaic solar panels, Electricity Demand, Renewable energy, Environmentally friendly, Climate change
Use of solid urban waste at the Technological Institute of Toluca
Authors: Gómez Isaías De la Rosa , Barrera Jesús Alfredo Liévanos
Published: December 2022

Solid Urban Waste (SUW) and Special Handling (EHW) generated in the Institution are handled in 200-liter plastic containers with the appropriate identification according to the type of waste and the race, placed in the buildings of each of the races; the waste is separated by the students following the criterion of the 4 Rs (Reduce, reduce, reuse and recycle). Reusable waste is used for students to make different products in the reuse workshop of the Institutional Environmental Program (IEP) such as paper pads, acetate pencil holders, pens, paper holder and paper board, among others for use by the Institution's population. With the organic waste (OR) compost is prepared in the composting center, which is used to fertilize the green areas. The recyclable waste is sold obtaining an economic benefit that allows the operation of the activities carried out by the (IEP). The (EHW) are concentrated in the “green point” to be sent to the “recyclers”. The alkaline batteries, the Institution collects them temporarily, giving the service to the population of the Toluca valley to be sent to confinement by the municipality of Toluca. The use of Solid Urban Waste allows to form a sustainable environmental culture in the population of the Institution, such as savings in the consumption of paper, financing in the operation of the (IEP) and supporting the economy of the students.Keyword: Solid waste, paper, composting, reuse, recyclable
Geosystem wydm śródlądowych na obszarach rolniczych na przykładzie dorzecza Bzury i Neru
Authors: Kobojek Elżbieta
Published: December 2022

Na obszarach z dobrymi glebami dominują tereny rolnicze, a rozproszone kompleksy leśne o niewielkich powierzchniach zajmują zwykle suche piaszczyste tereny, często wydmy śródlądowe, które są ważnym elementem morfologicznym w nizinnej części Polski. W obrębie wydm ukształtował się specyficzny geosystem, wrażliwy na zmiany klimatyczne i działalność człowieka. W artykule wykazano współczesne formy użytkowania i zagospodarowania wydm śródlądowych położonych na obszarze intensywnie użytkowanym rolniczo w dorzeczu Bzury i Neru. Analizowano rozmieszczenie lasów na tle obszarów wydmowych oraz wskazano funkcje tych lasów. Podjęto próbę oceny wrażliwości środowiska wydm śródlądowych na przejawy różnych form antropopresji i wskazano zagrożenia wynikające z występującego ocieplenia i częstych suszy.
Existence and multiplicity results for first-order Stieltjes differential equations
Authors: Maia Lamiae , El Khattabi Noha , Frigon Marlène
Published: December 2022

In this article, we establish existence and multiplicity results for first-order Stieltjes differential equations satisfying a periodic boundary condition or an initial value condition. No monotonicity condition involving the right-hand side

f

f

is imposed at the discontinuity points of the derivator

g

g

. Our results rely on the fixed point index theory and new notions of strict lower and upper solutions. An application to a population model with an extreme event is presented to study the persistence of a species.
Study on rainfall early warning model for Xiangmi Lake slope based on unsaturated soil mechanics
Authors: Wei Huilong , Ou Ou , Wang Weiyuan , Ruan Jianjun , Zhong Baiqiang , Lao Liyan , Li Zhijun , Du Xuelei , Leng Xiaopeng
Published: December 2022

Urban expansion caused numerous geological hazards, particularly in the mountainous areas. In this article, the unsaturated soil mechanics combined with a numerical method is applied to build the rainfall thresholds for the Xiangmi Lake slope in early warning. The drainage mechanism in soil slope under different rainfall conditions has been studied. Then, the actual rainfall data collected in the rainy season are taken as the rainfall condition to simulate the actual rainfall situation. The corresponding safety factor of the slope under the rainfall has been calculated and compared with the improved deformation tangential angle criterion for the slope safety prediction. The tangent angle can be used as the judgment basis to classify the early warning levels of a rainstorm, which helps to establish the early warning model of slope rainfall and guide the landslide early warning.
Identifying driving factors of the runoff coefficient based on the geographic detector model in the upper reaches of Huaihe River Basin
Authors: Li Xinchuan , Niu Yun , He Qiaoning , Wang Huaijun
Published: December 2022

Various climate and watershed characteristics determine the runoff coefficient (RC), and their interactions are complicated. Understanding the driving factors of the RC is important for understanding the long-term water balance and how it might change. Using the upper reaches of the Huaihe River Basin as the study area, remote sensing data were used to produce a RC map. The geographical detector was selected to quantify the individual and interactive influences of 13 driving factors on the RC. The results revealed that moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer evapotranspiration (ET) data can be used to produce a mean average RC map based on the water balance equation. The dominant factors influencing the RC were found to vary at different scales. Precipitation had the largest correlation coefficient with the RC at the watershed scale. For the pixel scale, results from the geographical detector indicated that actual evapotranspiration (AET) and precipitation had the highest explanatory rate for the RC in the small watershed region and the whole study area (0.785 and 0.248, respectively). Climate factors, elevation, and normalized difference vegetation index had a substantial influence on the RC. Any two factors exhibited bilinear or nonlinear enhanced relationships in their interactions. The largest interactions between the factors were AET and precipitation, which exceeded 0.900. This study serves to better understand and explain runoff’s complex interrelationships.
Are all chemical reactions in principle reversible? Thermodynamic distinction between “conceptually complete” and “practically complete” reactions
Authors: Ciccioli Andrea
Published: December 2022

Among the chemical reactions having a pronounced thermodynamic driving force to the formation of products, a distinction has to be made between processes which attain a chemical equilibrium state very much shifted towards the products and those where the final equilibrium state corresponds to the truly complete consumption of reactant(s), i.e. where a true chemical equilibrium is actually not attained under the given conditions. Based on a few selected examples, two thermodynamic arguments are led which rationalise the above distinction from different points of view: a phase-rule point of view and a Gibbs energy minimization approach. “Conceptually complete” reactions involve pure phases and, as a consequence, establishing chemical equilibrium would imply a negative variance, what is avoided by the complete consumption of one or more phases. In the Gibbs energy approach, “conceptually complete” reactions and “practically complete” ones can be distinguished (at fixed temperature and pressure) by the different way to attain the minimum Gibbs energy condition, respectively with sharp (not differentiable) and flat (zero derivative) minimum points as a function of the extent of reaction ξ.
All-optical scattering control in an all-dielectric quasi-perfect absorbing Huygens’ metasurface
Authors: Nishida Kentaro , Sasai Koki , Xu Rongyang , Yen Te-Hsin , Tang Yu-Lung , Takahara Junichi , Chu Shi-Wei
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrated photothermal nonlinearities of both forward and backward scattering intensities from quasi-perfect absorbing silicon-based metasurface with only λ/7 thickness. The metasurface is efficiently heated up by photothermal effect under laser irradiation, which in turn modulates the scattering spectra via thermo-optical effect. Under a few milliwatt continuous-wave excitation at the resonance wavelength of the metasurface, backward scattering cross-section doubles, and forward scattering cross-section reduces to half. Our study opens up the all-optical dynamical control of the scattering directionality, which would be applicable to silicon photonic devices.
Investigation of Correlation between Component and Molecular Structure of Bitumen and Properties of High-Dosage Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene–Modified Bitumen for Waterproof Membrane
Authors: Duan Hao , Qi Cong , Zeng Shangheng , He Yanheng , Zhang Hongjuan , Han Xiaobin , Chen Liwei , Yu Jianying
Published: December 2022

In this article, the correlation between components and molecular structures of base bitumen and properties of high-dosage styrene-butadiene-styrene–modified bitumen (HSMB) for waterproof membrane was investigated. Saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA components) of eight base bitumens from different crude oils used to prepare HSMB were analyzed by column chromatography, and the molecular structures of these base bitumens were obtained by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, and an improved Brown-Ladner calculation method. Softening point and low-temperature flexibility tests were used to estimate the high- and low-temperature performance of HSMBs. The results showed that the highest softening point of the HSMBs was 119.2°C, whereas the lowest was 102.5°C. The best flexibility of HSMB was −24°C, and the worst was −10°C. The softening point of HSMB raised with the increase of the content of saturates and aromatics, aromatic carbon ratio (fA), and condensation index (CI) while decreasing with the increase of H/C. The flexibility of HSMBs was most significantly influenced by the content of saturates, and when the saturate content was 17 %, the flexibility was optimal. However, the flexibility of HSMB was poor when the number average molecular weight (Mn) of bitumen was large. To prepare HSMB with excellent performance, it is recommended that the content of saturates should be between 12 and 17 %, aromatics content should be between 45 and 55 %, resins and asphaltenes content should not be excessive, and fA > 0.25, CI > 0.17, H/C ≤ 1.55.
Mechanical Testing of Three-Dimensional Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene under Various Strain Rates
Authors: Keles Mucahid Furkan , Hafizoglu Hakan , Konokman Huseyin Emrah , Karadeniz Eda
Published: December 2022

Mechanical behavior of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) was investigated in this study with experimental and numerical studies. Specimens were fabricated by using a three-dimensional (3D) printer with horizontal and vertical deposition directions. Quasistatic tension tests at strain rates of 0.01/s and 0.1/s and dynamic compression tests at strain rates of 3,500/s, 6,000/s, and 7,500/s were performed at room temperature. Dynamic deformation behavior of test specimen was investigated via 3D Lagrangian method in LS-Dyna software with Johnson-Cook and Piecewise Linear Plasticity material models. Simulations were conducted with an adequate element size determined by a mesh dependency study. Johnson-Cook strength model parameters of ABS were determined and validated by simulation studies. Experimental results showed that increase of strain rate at tension and compression conditions led to increase of strengths for both vertically and horizontally deposited specimens. Under low strain rates, specimens were exposed to strain softening followed by strain hardening. However, under high strain rates, strain softening was observed after maximum stress was achieved. Strain softening behavior observed in dynamic compression tests was attributed to adiabatic heating in the specimen during testing. Furthermore, it has been observed that deposition direction of specimen with regard to applied load direction is significant for the mechanical strength of the material in quasistatic and dynamic tests. Simulation results for dynamic compression tests under high strain rates showed good agreement with test results in terms of final dimensions of test specimens. Results showed that Johnson-Cook material model is more accurate for modelling dynamic behavior of ABS than Piecewise Linear Plasticity model. Additionally, higher error values were observed with increasing strain rates in simulations.
A Metascientific Empirical Review of Cognitive Load Lie Detection
Authors: Neequaye David A.
Published: December 2022

This article examines the cognitive load lie detection hypothesis. The idea that lying is more challenging than telling the truth—thus, imposing cognitive load can exacerbate the challenge liars face and expose lies. I reviewed 24 publications to flag derivation chains authors employ to justify the hypothesis. The findings indicate that authors recycle the same set of justifications but not systematically. That state of the literature shields cognitive load lie detection from severe testing in two ways. There is no clear justification to focus on when wanting to nominate or design severe tests. And the justifications contain ambiguities that make it challenging to determine what would count as a severe test of the hypothesis. I illustrate those limitations and discuss the need to make cognitive load lie detection amenable to severe testing.
The Organic and the Eclectic in César Daly’s “De l’architecture de l’avenir”
Authors: He Gary Huafan
Published: December 2022

In The Organic and the Eclectic in César Daly’s “De l’architecture de l’avenir,” Gary Huafan He explores Daly’s concept of eclecticism as a critical discourse in the context of nineteenth-century ideas about naturalism and architectural style. In the 1869 essay that is the focus of this article, Daly narrated the “social evolution” of architecture as a process oscillating between organic and eclectic phases and mapped the history of style onto a parallel movement of French political regimes from antiquity to the Second Empire. Written after the fierce academic debates that took place in Paris in the 1860s and immediately prior to the tumultuous events of 1870–71, “De l’architecture de l’avenir” demonstrates the critical intersection between the romantic theory of architecture and nineteenth-century French politics. This key text in Daly’s oeuvre challenges contemporary understandings by demonstrating the vital role of eclecticism in the development of a modern architectural style.
Role of PCIF1‐mediated 5′‐cap N6‐methyladeonsine mRNA methylation in colorectal cancer and anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Lingling , Wu Lujing , Zhu Zhouting , Zhang Qiong , Li Wanyu , Gonzalez Gwendolyn Michelle , Wang Yinsheng , Rana Tariq M
Published: December 2022

Adenosine N6‐methylation (m6A) and N6,2′‐O‐dimethylation (m6Am) are regulatory modifications of eukaryotic mRNAs. m6Am formation is catalyzed by the methyl transferase phosphorylated CTD‐interacting factor 1 (PCIF1); however, the pathophysiological functions of this RNA modification and PCIF1 in cancers are unclear. Here, we show that PCIF1 expression is upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and negatively correlates with patient survival. CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated depletion of PCIF1 in human CRC cells leads to loss of cell migration, invasion, and colony formation in vitro and loss of tumor growth in athymic mice. Pcif1 knockout in murine CRC cells inhibits tumor growth in immunocompetent mice and enhances the effects of anti‐PD‐1 antibody treatment by decreasing intratumoral TGF‐β levels and increasing intratumoral IFN‐γ, TNF‐α levels, and tumor‐infiltrating natural killer cells. We further show that PCIF1 modulates CRC growth and response to anti‐PD‐1 in a context‐dependent mechanism with PCIF1 directly targeting FOS, IFITM3, and STAT1 via m6Am modifications. PCIF1 stabilizes FOS mRNA, which in turn leads to FOS‐dependent TGF‐β regulation and tumor growth. While during immunotherapy, Pcif1‐Fos‐TGF‐β, as well as Pcif1‐Stat1/Ifitm3‐IFN‐γ axes, contributes to the resistance of anti‐PD‐1 therapy. Collectively, our findings reveal a role of PCIF1 in promoting CRC tumorigenesis and resistance to anti‐PD‐1 therapy, supporting that the combination of PCIF1 inhibition with anti‐PD‐1 treatment is a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance CRC response to immunotherapy. Finally, we developed a lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and chemically modified small interfering RNAs (CMsiRNAs)‐based strategy to silence PCIF1 in vivo and found that this treatment significantly reduced tumor growth in mice. Our results therefore provide a proof‐of‐concept for tumor growth suppression using LNP‐CMsiRNA to silence target genes in cancer.
Detection of multiple etiologies and comparison and investigation of pathological changes in small and large intestine lesions of dogs
Authors: Kanat Ozgur , Ortatatli Mustafa
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, köpeklerin bağırsaklarında meydana gelen patolojik değişiklikleri araştırmak, yaygınlıklarını tespit etmek ve ölüm nedeni olarak rollerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: 100 ölü sokak köpeğin bağırsakları makroskopik, histopatolojik, mikrobiyolojik ve parazitik olarak incelendi. Parvovirüs ve distemper hastalıkları için immünohistokimyasal boyamalar da yapıldı.

Bulgular: Köpeklerin 61'inde kanama, 8'inde ülser, 36'sında parazit, 14'ünde invaginasyon ve 2'sinde yabancı cisim tespit edildi. Mikroskobik olarak epitellerde dejenerasyon, nekroz ve deskuamasyon, bakteri kolonileri, propriyada hiperemi, kanama, fibrozis ve yangısal hücre infiltrasyonları, kriptlerde dejenerasyon, dilatasyon, hiperplazi, lenfoid dokuda boşalma gibi histopatolojik bulgular gözlendi ve her birinin şiddeti skorlandı. 100 köpekten 90'ında köpek parvovirüs pozitif IHC reaksiyonu ve 27 köpekte de distemper virüsü pozitif reaksiyonu bulundu. Mikrobiyolojik olarak 58 köpekte Campylobacter spp., E. coli, Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. belirlendi. Histopatolojik olarak; sırasıyla 29 akut, 51 kronik, 15 lenfositik ve plazmasitik enteritis; kalın bağırsaklarda 5 akut, 10 kronik, 6 diffuz ve 20 idiopatik mukozal kolitis tanımlandı.

Öneri: Köpeklerde, başta Parvoviral enteritis olmak üzere sindirim kanalı hastalıkları ve lezyonlarının birinci derecede ölüm sebebi olduğu ortaya konuldu. Genelde miks enfeksiyonların görüldüğü, sekonder etkenlerin enfeksiyona katılma dönemlerine göre lezyonların arttığı veya primer lezyonların maskelenmiş olduğu dikkati çekti.

Anahtar kelimeler: Hastalıklar, immunohistokimya, ince ve kalın bağırsak, köpek, patoloji
microRNA expression patterns associated with average daily weight gain in Kangal Akkaraman Lambs
Authors: Sonmez Gonca , Inal Seref
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Kangal Akkaraman kuzularında eksprese olan miRNA'ların tanımlanması ve ortalama günlük ağırlık artışı (ADWG) ile ilişkisi olabilecek miRNA'ların belirlenmesi amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: ADWG'lerine göre kuzular iki gruba ayrıldı; ADWG'leri 270-412 g (ortalama: 323 g) arasında olanlar yüksek günlük kazanç (HDG) grubu olarak kabul edilirken ADWG'leri 200 g'ın altında olanlar (ortalama: 125 g) düşük günlük kazanç (LDG) grubu olarak kabul edildi. Kuzulardan alınan kanlardan beyaz kan hücreleri ayrıldı ve RNA ekstraksiyonu yapıldı. miRNA kitaplıkları (LDG ve HDG grupları) hazırlandı ve Illumina Novaseq ile dizilendi. Okumalar, Bowtie programı kullanılarak Oar_v3.1 koyun referans genomuna haritalandı. Ayrıca, DESeq R paketi (1.8.3) kullanılarak iki grubun diferansiyel ekspresyon analizi yapıldı. RNA-seq verilerine dayanarak, en yüksek kat artışına sahip iki miRNA seçildi ve ekspresyon seviyeleri kantitatif Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) ile test edildi.

Bulgular: Toplam 129 bilinen miRNA tanımlandı, 134 yeni miRNA tahmin edildi, 12'si yukarı regüle- 28'i aşağı regüle olmak üzere 40 anlamlı diferansiyel eksprese sahip miRNA tanımlandı (LDG'ye karşı HDG). RNA-seq sonuçlarına göre kat artışı en yüksek iki miRNA tespit edildi; 0,66 (oar-miR-21) ve 0,61 (oar-miR-150). HDG koyunlarının LDG koyunlarına göre 0,63 kat daha düşük oar-mir-150 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmayan ekspresyonuna sahip olduğu RT-qPCR ile tespit edildi. Buna rağmen oar-mir-21’in, HDG grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde 0,40 kat daha az ifade edildiği bulundu (p < 0,05).

Öneri: Elde edilen verilerin Kangal Akkraman koyunlarında ADWG ile ilgili ıslah çalışmalarında katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Ortalama günlük ağırşıl artışı, ekspresyon, Kangal Akkaraman, miRNA, RNA-seq.