bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Előzetes eredmények a kanadai aranyvessző (Solidago canadensis L.) inváziójának biológiai talajminőségre gyakorolt hatásairól egy városi gyepen
Authors: Komlósi Janka , Hornung Erzsébet , Tóth Zsolt
Published: February 2024

Az egészséges talaj létfontosságú minden szárazföldi ökoszisztéma szempontjából, mivel élőhelyet nyújt számos, az anyagkörforgás folytonosságát biztosító élőlénynek. Kutatásunkban a kanadai aranyvessző (Solidago canadensis L.) domináns jelenlétének (>90 % borítás) talajra gyakorolt hatásait vizsgáltuk ízeltlábú-alapú talajminőség-mutatók segítségével. A talajízeltlábúakra épülő, a talaj minőségét jelző indikátorok a klasszikus fizikai, kémiai és mikrobiológiai paraméterek mellett egyszerű, költséghatékony alternatívái a talajállapot értékelésének. Gyűjtésükre két év tavaszi szezonjaiban vettünk mintákat a budapesti Felsőrákosi-rétek Természetvédelmi Területen kijelölt, aranyvessző által borított, illetve természetközeli vegetációjú (kontroll) parcellákból. Az ízeltlábúakat, kinyerésüket követően nagyobb csoportokba soroltuk. Háttérváltozóként a fizikai és kémiai talajtani paramétereket, illetve a mintavételi területek tájszerkezetét használtuk. Az aranyvessző által elözönlött területek talajai egyik index szerint sem mutattak szignifikáns eltérést a kontrollhoz képest. Ugyanakkor a talajízeltlábú-együttesek taxonómiai összetételében jelentős különbség mutatkozott, a funkcionális közösségszerkezet pedig a két vizsgálati év alapján különült el, függetlenül a területek vegetációjától. A biológiai talajminőséget leginkább meghatározó tényezők a talajnedvesség és a fás élőhelyek aránya voltak, arra kedvező hatást gyakorolva. Az eddigi eredmények – a kétévi tavaszi adatok – alapján megállapítható, hogy az aranyvessző-inváziónak nem volt kimutatható hatása a biológiai talajminőségre, habár az a talajízeltlábú-közösségek taxonómiai összetételét szignifikánsan befolyásolta. Ugyanakkor ahhoz, hogy pontosabb képet kapjunk, az aranyvessző feno­ló­giá­jához igazodó időbeli változásokat is figyelembe vevő további szezonális adatok bevonása szükséges.
Christentum und Antisemitismus : wie können die christlichen Kirchen dem Antisemitismus, Antijudaismus und der Israelkritik entgegentreten?
Authors: Dreyer Nicolas
Published: February 2024

Die knapp zweitausendjährige Kirchengeschichte und christlich-jüdischen Beziehungen sind von Entwicklungen und Ereignissen geprägt, die das Christentum von seinen jüdischen Ursprüngen entfernt haben und es oft zu einem Gegner des Judentums gemacht haben. Fehlentwicklungen können nachvollzogen werden und in Theologie, Religionsvermittlung und kirchlicher Praxis Anpassungen vorgenommen werden, die gegenwärtigen und zukünftigen Generationen von Priestern, Pastoren sowie Religionslehrern- und Pädagogen und damit den Glaubenden und Gemeindegliedern wertschätzende Perspektiven auf das Judentum und Verständnis für die Komplexität der christlich-jüdischen Beziehungen anbieten und vermitteln.
The journey of Spanish subsidiaries as international springboards in Latin America
Authors: Magomedova Nina , Achcaoucaou Fariza , Miravitlles Paloma
Published: February 2024

This study examines the transformation of ordinary foreign multinational subsidiaries into springboard subsidiaries. Using a case study approach, the research examines three Spanish subsidiaries of European multinationals that, targeting the Latin American market, have transitioned into springboard subsidiaries. The findings reveal that this evolution is driven by several factors: favourable economic conditions in the target region; location-specific advantages such as the ability to reduce the psychic distance and effectively transfer knowledge; and micro-political negotiations processes as a result of the subsidiary’s strong initiative, peculiarities of the multinational structure and subsidiary’s unique capabilities.
Video-based microlearning and the impact on programming skills and technology acceptance
Authors: ALshammari Fehaid Lafi
Published: February 2024

Microlearning is a modern learning modality that has been adopted in recent years for student education. This study aimed to reveal the effect of video-based microlearning on the development of programming skills and technology acceptance among intermediate school students. The study used a quasi-experimental design for two groups. A technology acceptance scale and a performance observation card for programming skills were prepared in order to collect data for the study.  A cluster random sample of intermediate school students participated in video-based micro learning. The students were divided into two groups: the experimental group (consisting of 31 students) and the control group (consisting of 32 students).  The results of the study showed that  there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of both study groups in favor of the experimental group in the post-application of the  performance  observation  card for  programming  skills. However, there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the students in the experimental group in the pre- and post-application of the technology acceptance scale in favor of the post application. The study suggested that computer teachers might benefit from employing video-based microlearning to teach students programming skills at different stages based on these results. Suggestions related to the research findings are also provided.
The relationship between perceived learning, academic performance and academic engagement in virtual education for university students
Authors: Navarro Ricardo , Vega Vanessa , Bayona Hugo , Bernal Victor , Garcia Arlis
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to determine whether the three dimensions of academic engagement (cognitive, emotional  and behavioral) were positively associated with perceived learning and academic performance. The participants were 301 university students from Lima. Structural equation models were used to test the proposed theoretical relationship between the variables. The results indicated that the model showed satisfactory fit indices (CFI = 0.956, TLI = 0.949, RMSEA = 0.043, SRMR = 0.062). Perceived learning was found to be predicted by cognitive engagement (β = 0.447, p < 0.01) and emotional engagement (β = 0.230, p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between behavioral engagement and perceived learning (β = 0.035, p = 0.840). On the other hand, academic performance was predicted by  behavioral engagement (β = 0.393, p < 0.05) but not by cognitive (β = -0.164, p = 0.301) or emotional (β = 0.001, p = 0.991) engagement. The study highlights the importance of fostering academic engagement in university students to enhance both their academic performance and perceived learning.
Hypertensive and Non-hypertensive Hospital Admission Blood Pressure Association with Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients
Authors: Rifqi Muhammad Andika , Setyowatie Sita , Putranto Johanes Nugroho Eko
Published: February 2024

Highlight:

A comparative study of hypertension and non-hypertension on cognitive function.
Hospital admission blood pressure and cognitive function in acute-phase stroke patients.
Blood pressure is not associated with cognitive function.

 
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Cognitive impairment is one of the many stroke effects. White matter damage, microinfarcts, microbleeding, atrophy, and amyloid buildup in the brain due to stroke are all potential causes of this condition. Cognitive impairment studies have yet to provide a definitive explanation for how this condition develops following a stroke. Blood pressure is one of several risk factors for stroke. Meanwhile, few studies have been conducted on the association between blood pressure and cognitive function in stroke patients, and no definitive results have been established. Objective: This research was designed to examine and evaluate the difference in the measured cognitive function category between hypertensive and non-hypertensive hospital admission blood pressure stroke patients. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional design with a consecutive sampling method on acute stroke patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. The MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) was carried out to assess the degree of cognitive function. The blood pressure measured is the hospital admission blood pressure. Results: There were 40 patients included in this study. A total of 36 patients (90%) were in the hypertension group (blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg), and 4 patients (10%) were in the non-hypertension group (blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg). The MMSE results showed that 10 patients performed with no cognitive impairment, 12 patients performed with mild cognitive impairment, and 18 patients performed with severe cognitive impairment. Statistical analysis of the Mann-Whitney U test showed that p = 0.561. Conclusion: There was no difference in the measured cognitive function category between hypertensive and non-hypertensive hospital admission blood pressure stroke patients.
Review of outcomes measures used to evaluate upper extremity surgical treatment of cervical spinal cord injury with recommendations for the future
Authors: Lin Jason , Fox Ida
Published: February 2024

Cervical spinal cord injury is a life-altering event that profoundly affects an individual’s upper extremity function. Nerve transfer surgeries have been shown to restore more natural movement and fine motor control in this population. At present, there is no consensus on how to evaluate the efficacy of these restorative surgeries. The purpose of this work was to perform a comprehensive review of the existing literature and describe the outcome measures used. We hypothesized that the assessments will be heterogeneous across studies and will incompletely capture the effect of nerve transfers on upper extremity motion in cervical spinal cord injury. A search strategy was designed and a review of multiple databases (Embase.com, Ovid-Medline All, and Scopus) yielded 481 articles; 26 unique studies met inclusion criteria and underwent analysis. Both manual muscle strength testing and video content were presented in the majority of studies. Outcome assessments including myometry, functional outcomes measures (such as the grasp and release test), patient-reported outcomes (including generic, extremity, and disease-specific types), and custom de novo questionnaires were used variably across studies. Future work should focus on standardizing outcomes measures in the field and developing and incorporating kinematic analysis to quantify the intricate, coordinated, and precise movement attained after nerve transfer surgery in the setting of cervical spinal cord injury.
Financial system stability in Indonesia and its relationship with economic growth before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Siswantoro Siswantoro
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the condition of financial system stability in Indonesia both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and to look at its relationship with economic growth. This study develops six sub-sector groups described in 19 indicators in order to assess the condition of the financial system. Quarterly data for 6.5 years from Quarter I 2016 to Quarter II 2022 was evaluated. To assess the condition of the financial system, this study uses a composite index approach with the normalized max-min method. The correlation analysis method is used to assess the relationship between the index of financial system conditions and economic growth. The results showed that during the pandemic, there was a more significant increase in pressure on financial conditions than before the pandemic. The financial system instability index during the pandemic in the second quarter of 2020 was 3 times higher than the average and more than 5 times higher than the same quarter in 2019. In addition, the relationship between the financial condition index and economic growth is at 0.77 (strong category). The implication is this research can provide insight to the government, financial institutions, and the public regarding the condition of financial system stability before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research suggests that the government should control credit restructuring policies during the pandemic and strengthen financial institutions. This research has limitations in terms of objects that only include conventional financial institutions. Further studies can use other objects such as Islamic financial institutions.
Circuit-Based Approaches for a Superconducting-Like Behavior with Relatively High Critical Current Density
Authors: Ishiguri Shinichi
Published: February 2024

In general, a superconductor has zero resistance, although it requires significant refrigeration or high pressures with high manufacturing costs, which prevents it into practical applications. In other words, solving these issues implies main superconducting researches. To solve these problems, this paper describes a new type of superconductivity, which is independent for temperatures and which operates without pressures. The principles of the presented system are as follows:First a voltage source, a current source and a load are connected in series. Then, the voltage of the voltage source is adjusted to balance the voltage of the load. Under this condition, the balance of the two voltages provides a zero voltage between the taps of the current source and the generated current from the voltage source becomes zero because of the internal infinite resistance of the current source. As a result, the electric powers generated by the two sources are zero, and therefore, the load cannot generate Joule heating because of energy conservation. However, the current from the current source (not the voltage source) is not zero; therefore, we can predict that the resistance of the load must be zero. As a theory, we derived a new electric field and transient attractive force, which result in a very short coherence of an electron pair because there is not the Coulomb repulsive force due to the existence of the above transient attractive force. Note that both the forces are derived by the Poisson equation, which implies that they cannot be compatible. Therefore, the pair combination energy from spins becomes extremely strong, which is not destroyed by the normal heat energy. Moreover, every center-of-mass motion of electron pair results in the Bose-Einstein condensation and the macroscopic wave function, which produces the London equation (i.e., the Meissner effect). Moreover, by introducing the equivalent circuit, this paper conducted numerical calculations. As a result, we could derive numerically zero resistance and responses for additional static magnetic fields as a discharged current, which implies the Meissner effect. Note that this paper has prepared Appendix section, which provides a guide to reproduce actual experiments and preliminary experimental results. These results in the Appendix indicate the zero resistances and Meissner effects.
Angiopoietins as Predictor Indexes in COVID-19 Patients in Delta and Omicron Waves
Authors: Tsiatsiou Panagiota , Kouirouxis Kyriakos , Tsaireli Vasiliki , Lanta Antonia , Kassomenaki Angeliki , Papaioannou Maria , Protonotariou Efthymia , Skoura Lemonia
Published: February 2024

The study aimed to explore the correlation among Angiopoietin-1, (Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-2, (Ang-2) concentrations and the Angiopoietin-2/Angiopoietin-1 ratio, (Ang-2/Ang-1) with clinical outcomes, potentially serving as disease severity and survival biomarkers. A study at AHEPA University Hospital involved 90 COVID-19 adult patients, with 30 hospitalized in intensive care and 30 in ward units and 30 asymptomatic non-hospitalized individuals as controls. Estimated endothelial dysfunction markers related to angiogenesis were measured, and statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 29. There was a statistically significant difference only between outpatient and hospitalized patients (non-ICU -ICU groups) for the Ang-1 and Ang-2 indexes. The Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio has differed significantly among all individual patient groups. A ROC analysis was conducted to find an optimal threshold for distinguishing (outpatients – non-ICU) and (non-ICU –ICU) groups. It was based on Youden's Index and was 0.1122 and 0.3825, respectively. The Ang-1, Ang-2 levels, and Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio were analysed as indicators for severity in COVID-19 patients. The Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio demonstrated more excellent prognostic and diagnostic utility than individual biomarker levels. Monitoring the Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio can identify COVID-19 patients at risk and assist clinicians in tailoring treatment strategies for improved outcomes.
Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms of Plant Flavonoids against Gram-Negative Bacteria Based on the Antibacterial Statistical Model
Authors: Yan Yu , Xia Xuexue , Fatima Aiman , Zhang Li , Yuan Ganjun , Lian Fengxian , Wang Yu
Published: February 2024

The antimicrobial quantitative structure–activity relationship of plant flavonoids against Gram-positive bacteria was established in our previous works, and the cell membrane was confirmed as a major site of action. To investigate whether plant flavonoids have similar antibacterial effects and mechanisms against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, here, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 37 plant flavonoids against Escherichia coli were determined using the microdilution broth method, and then the correlation between their lipophilic parameter ACD/LogP or LogD7.40 value and their MIC was analyzed. Simultaneously, the correlation between the ACD/LogP or LogD7.40 value and the MIC of 46 plant flavonoids reported in literature against E. coli was also analyzed. Both sets of results showed that there is a significant correlation between the LogP value and the MIC of plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria. However, it is difficult to effectively predict the MIC of plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria from their lipophilic parameters. By comparing two regression curves derived from plant flavonoids against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, it was further discovered that the antibacterial activities of most plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria are stronger than those against Gram-positive bacteria when their LogP values are less than about 3.0, but the opposite is true when their LogP values are more than about 3.6. Moreover, this comparison also suggests that unlike mainly acting on the cell membrane of Gram-positive bacteria, plant flavonoids have multiple mechanisms against Gram-negative species, while the cell membrane is also an important action site among them. Combined with the correlation analyses between the enzyme inhibitory activity and the LogP value of the reported flavonoids, it was further suggested that DNA gyrase is another important target of plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria.
Simple Modeling and Analysis of Total-Ionizing-Dose Effects on Radio-Frequency Low-Noise Amplifier
Authors: Kim Taeyeong , Ryu Gyungtae , Lee Jongho , Cho Moon-Kyu , Fleetwood Daniel M. , Cressler John. D. , Song Ickhyun
Published: February 2024

In this study, the degradation characteristics of radio-frequency (RF) low-noise amplifier (LNA) based on silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) due to total ionizing dose (TID) are investigated. The small-signal equivalent model of a SiGe HBT is utilized to analyze circuit-level performance including the input and the output matching and noise figure (NF). As a target circuit, an LNA with a cascode common-emitter stage with emitter degeneration is studied and the equation of each performance parameter is derived. The RF LNA fabricated using commercial 350 nm SiGe technology was exposed to X-ray irradiation with the total dose up to 3 Mrad (SiO2). The experimental results exhibit that modeled device parameters estimate the degraded circuit performance. In addition, the relative impact of each parameter on the circuit metrics is revealed, which is expected from the derived design equations. The key device parameters for modeling TID-induced circuit degradations include the base resistance, the transconductance, and the base-to-emitter capacitance.
Finding the Right Angles of a Ferrocell
Authors: Gardi Lori-Anne , Snyder Michael
Published: February 2024

The ferrocell is an optical viewing device that interacts with a magnetic field and one or more light
sources to produce a real-time visual light display. Although this device has been extensively studied
by several researchers, a proper computer simulation replicating this optical effect has not yet been
presented. Using numerical methods and the law of reflection, a computer simulation was developed
that shows that the light patterns as seen in the ferrocell are primarily caused by light reflections
off the ferrofluid nano-particles that self organize into needle-like filaments and align along magnetic
flux lines in the presence of a magnetic field.
Deterministic Shaping of Quantum Light
Authors: Compton Garrett D. , Kuzyk Mark G
Published: February 2024

We propose a theoretical method for the deterministic shaping of quantum light via photon number state selective interactions. Nonclassical states of light are an essential resource for high precision optical techniques that rely on photon correlations and noise reshaping. Notable techniques include quantum enhanced interferometry, ghost imaging, and generating fault tolerant codes for continuous variable optical quantum computing. We show that a class of nonlinear-optical resonators can transform many-photon wavefunctions to produce structured states of light with nonclassical noise statistics. The devices, based on parametric down conversion, utilize the Kerr effect to tune photon number dependent frequency matching, inducing photon number selective interactions. With a high amplitude coherent pump, the number selective interaction shapes the noise of a two-mode squeezed cavity state with minimal dephasing, illustrated with simulations. We specify the requisite material properties to build the device and highlight the remaining material degrees of freedom which offer flexible material design.
The Importance of Molecular Testing in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Rare Association between Two Mutational Variants in NF1 Gene and CRX Gene. Case Report and Short Literature Review
Authors: Jurca Aurora , Petchesi Codruta Diana , Jurca Maria Claudia , Atasie Diter , Bembea Dan , Jurca Alexandru Daniel
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1 MIM # 162200), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is among the most common autosomal dominantly transmitted disorders characterized mainly by neurocutaneous manifestations such as café au lait spots, intertriginous freckling, various types of neurofibromas (cutaneous neurofibromas or plexiform tumors), neurological manifestations, and bone abnormalities. It occurs with an incidence of 1:3000–1:4000 cases. Cone-rod dystrophies belong to the large group of retinal dystrophies, a highly heterogeneous group of disorders clinically manifested mainly by damage to cone and rod cells and have a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. A large number of genes are involved in their etiology, with more than 100 currently identified, including the CRX gene responsible for the autosomal dominant form of cone-rod dystrophy (ad CORD). Materials and Methods: The authors present an intriguing case of a patient diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) as an infant, along with ocular involvement (myopia and astigmatism onset at age 15), which yielded a surprising molecular testing result. Results: Molecular DNA analysis identified a rare occurrence of two mutational variants, including a pathogenic variant in the NF1 gene, c.3871-2A, and a likely pathogenic variant in the CRX gene c.119G>A. Conclusions: The authors present this case to highlight the surprises offered by molecular testing in a condition where the diagnosis is usually made based on clinical criteria, thus providing patients with competent genetic advice.
Design and Optimization of Large Air-Gap Voice Coil Motor for Application in Magnetic Levitation Vibration Isolation Platform
Authors: Mu Junren , Zhang He
Published: February 2024

Magnetic levitation vibration isolation platform are essential for testing space telescopes. This paper presents the design of a Large Air-Gap Voice Coil Motor (LAG-VCM) specifically for use in such platforms. The electromagnetic design of the voice coil motor begins with the Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Method, followed by the analysis and optimization of the motor design using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Subsequently, a prototype was constructed and tested. The test results confirm that the prototype meets the design specifications and requirements.
Management of Patients with Hypersensitivity to Platinum Salts and Taxane in Gynecological Cancers: A Cross-Sectional Study by the European Network of Young Gynaecologic Oncologists (ENYGO)
Authors: Zwimpfer Tibor A. , Bilir Esra , Gasimli Khayal , Cokan Andrej , Bizzarri Nicolò , Razumova Zoia , Kacperczyk-Bartnik Joanna , Nikolova Tanja , Pletnev Andrei , Kahramanoglu Ilker , Shushkevich Aleksander , Strojna Aleksandra , Theofanakis Charalampos , Cicakova Tereza , Vetter Marcus , Montavon Céline , Morgan Gilberto , Heinzelmann-Schwarz Viola
Published: February 2024

Platinum and taxane chemotherapy is associated with the risk of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), which may require switching to less effective treatments. Desensitization to platinum and taxane HSRs can be used to complete chemotherapy according to the standard regimen. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the current management of HSRs to platinum and/or taxane chemotherapy in patients with gynecologic cancers. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey among gynecological and medical oncologists consisting of 33 questions. A total of 144 respondents completed the survey and 133 respondents were included in the final analysis. Most participants were gynecologic oncologists (43.6%) and medical oncologists (33.8%), and 77.4% (n=103) were involved in chemotherapy treatment. More than 73% of participants experienced >5 HSRs to platinum and taxane per year. Pre-medication and a new attempt with platinum or taxane chemotherapy were used in 84.8% and 92.5% of Grade 1-2 HSR to platinum and taxane, respectively. In contrast, desensitization was used in 49.4% and 41.8% of Grade 3-4 HSR to platinum and taxane, respectively. Most participants strongly emphasized the need to standardize the management of platinum and taxane HSR in gynecologic cancer. Our study showed that HSR in gynecologic cancer is common, but management is variable and the use of desensitization is low. In addition, the need for guidance on the management of platinum- and taxane-induced HSR in gynecologic cancer was highlighted.
Student Engagement in Flipped English Classrooms: A Case Study of General English for Adults in an English Course in Jakarta
Authors: Fira Chairunnisa Nurul , Permana Sudarya , Mayuni Ilza
Published: February 2024

This research investigates the influence of flipped learning on the engagement of adult participants in non-formal English language programs, considering diverse language proficiency levels. Employing a comprehensive methodology involving observations, interviews, and surveys, the study assesses engagement indicators and captures participants' perspectives. The incorporation of pre-class materials emerges as a significant contributor, empowering students to anticipate and prepare for in-person sessions, thereby fostering confidence and active participation in class discussions. The integration of collaborative group work further enhances engagement by introducing diverse viewpoints. Survey findings align with observations and interviews, affirming the effectiveness of the flipped learning model in augmenting student engagement. The approach also positively impacts students' perceptions of English learning, encouraging a deeper exploration of its practical relevance. This study highlights the crucial role of flipped learning in fostering dynamic and meaningful student engagement, offering valuable insights for educators seeking to optimize their teaching methodologies. Acknowledging limitations in sample size and educational context, the research emphasizes the necessity for future studies in more diverse settings.
Airborne Lead Exposure and Childhood Cognition: The Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort (2003–2022)
Authors: Gatzke-Kopp Lisa M. , Willoughby Michael , McArthur Kristen , Wychgram Cara , Folch David C. , Brunswasser Steve , Dabelea Dana , Elliott Amy J. , Hartert Tina , Karagas Margaret , McEvoy Cindy T. , VanDerslice James A. , Wright Robert O. , Wright Rosalind J. , Kress Amii M.
Published: February 2024

Objectives. To examine whether a previously reported association between airborne lead exposure and children’s cognitive function replicates across a geographically diverse sample of the United States.

Methods. Residential addresses of children (< 5 years) were spatially joined to the Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators model of relative airborne lead toxicity. Cognitive outcomes for children younger than 8 years were available for 1629 children with IQ data and 1476 with measures of executive function (EF; inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility). We used generalized linear models using generalized estimating equations to examine the associations of lead, scaled by interquartile range (IQR), accounting for individual- and area-level confounders.

Results. An IQR increase in airborne lead was associated with a 0.74-point lower mean IQ score (b = −0.74; 95% confidence interval = −1.00, −0.48). The association between lead and EF was nonlinear and was modeled with a knot at the 97.5th percentile of lead in our sample. Lead was significantly associated with lower mean inhibitory control but not with cognitive flexibility. This effect was stronger among males for both IQ and inhibitory control.

Conclusions. Early-life exposure to airborne lead is associated with lower cognitive functioning. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(3):309–318. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307519 )
Poetika Ivanjske noći Josipa Cvrtile u svjetlu književnopovijesne, književnokritičke i književnoteorijske literature
Authors: Rezo Vladimira
Published: February 2024

Više je razloga zašto je Josip Cvrtila gotovo nepoznat suvremenim čitateljima, od fizičke odsutnosti iz Hrvatske nakon bijega pred komunistima 1945., preko neuklapanja u realističnu struju u dječjoj književnosti, zbog ciljanoga prešućivanja njegova imena i djelâ zbog kršćanskoga duha kojima su prožeta pa sve do svojevoljnoga zavjeta šutnje u emigraciji. Raščlamba autorova književnoga prvijenca, zbirke Ivanjska noć (1922.), prikazuje Cvrtilu kao anticipatora nekoliko postmodernističkih postupaka. U realistično-bajkovitoj matrici autor miješa književne rodove (poezija i proza) i vrste/žanrove (bajke, basne, legende, crtice i pripovijetke), poigrava se zakonima žanrova, mjestimice je autoreferencijalan, u tkivo priče uvodi stvarne recipijente (dvoje malih susjeda, Ivu i Ančicu), a katkad prepričava okolnosti recepcije pojedinih priča (njihove usmene prezentacije koja je prethodila inačici zapisanoj u zbirci) te otkriva izvore drugih priča. Taj rodovski i vrstovni/žanrovski hibrid koketira s intertekstualnošću, u fokus dovodi metatekstualnost te najavljuje nezasitnu potrebu novih nadolazećih poetika za ogoljavanjem narativnoga postupka.
Sequence Stratigraphy of Subcontinental Reservoirs of the Upper Part of the Tanopcha Formation of the Minkhov Field (North of Western Siberia)
Authors: Lebedev M.V. , Shakirova A.N. , Velikikh A.V. , Lapina L.V. , Lebedev S.A. , Yanevits R.B. , Politova A.I. , Snokhin A.A.
Published: February 2024

––The purpose of this paper is to present the results of sequence stratigraphic modeling of subcontinental reservoirs of the Tanopcha Formation upper part (Lower Cretaceous) of the Minkhov field, located in the northern part of the Messov oil and gas region of the Gydan oil and gas region. The study is vital due to the need for additional exploration and commissioning of hydrocarbon reserves in the lower part of the Pokur suprahorizon in the north of Western Siberia. The modeling is based on sedimentological columns for four wells, in which the object of study was characterized by a core with sufficient completeness. The structure of seven sequences has been studied. Sequences PK 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6, and PK 3-1, in accordance with the classical concept, are divided into three systems tracts: lowstand (LST), transgressive (TST), highstand (HST). The boundaries of the sequences are outlined along the erosive surfaces in the bottom of the alluvial complexes. LST tops – on contacts of alluvial facies with tidal, marsh, lake sediments, indicating flooding of the coastal plain at the beginning of transgressions. TST tops – on contacts of facies of the tidal plain with alluvial deposits, indicating the beginning of normal regressions. The main reservoirs of the object are large belts and covers of alluvium of amalgamating channels as part of the LST. Additional reservoirs are thin bodies of tidal genesis in the composition of TST, and alluvial genesis in the composition of HST. The bottom of the PK 3-2 sequence was outlined on the contacts of coastal-marine TST sandstones with tidal and marsh facies, indicating the event transgression of the coastline. One of the main reservoirs of the field, the TP1 formation, is connected to the TST of the PK 3-2 sequence. The boundaries of the selected sequences can be traced on seismic sections of acoustic impedance. Depending on the temporary thickness in the impedance field, the sequences are displayed as two-, three- and four-layer sequences of layers, which opens up the possibility of their further study by the method of wave field inversion.
Reestructuración del espacio público para el uso del ciudadano de la Plaza San Francisco-Cusco
Authors:   , García Moscoso Hendik
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo de investigación surge como una necesidad de entender como el ciudadano observa el espacio público, y a través de esa percepción determinar en qué medida la reestructuración del espacio público logra revitalizar la plaza san francisco. Para esta investigación se utiliza el enfoque cuantitativo, con una metodología investigativa no experimental, que permite manipular las variables, utilizando técnicas de muestras de estudio acorde a la realidad que en este momento se atraviesa; se tomó como muestra a 383 pobladores del distrito del Cusco; se elaboró una encuesta con la cual se recogió datos empíricos y se utilizó programas estadísticos como el spss v22. Con todos los datos recolectados y el debido procesado, se halló que reestructurar el espacio público, logra revitalizar la plaza san francisco, teniendo un valor de independencia del chi cuadrado menor a 0.05 en el cual se demuestra que existe correlación directa y significativa y el coeficiente de tau b de kendall es igual a 0.687, con lo cual se valida y se acepta la hipótesis; se determina que la población está de acuerdo con una reestructuración a favor de revitalizar el espacio público de la plaza san francisco con más del 62.7% de encuestados, demostrando que la ciudadanía en general requiere que los espacio públicos se reestructuren en función a las necesidades contemporáneas. Los resultados de esta investigación, puede ser un punto de partida para ver que el ciudadano está a favor de cambios en el paradigma de espacios en el centro histórico y que estos espacios estén más acorde a la necesidad contemporánea del ciudadano.
WITHDRAWN: Low Leakage Variation SRAM Cell with Improved Stability for IOT Applications
Authors: Rawat Ram Murti , Kumar Vinod
Published: February 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Risk Resilience of Growing Settlements in Landslide Prone Hilly Areas: Case Study on Kalimpong-I Block, Darjeeling District, West Bengal
Authors: Laha Chalantika , Chattoraj Shovanlal , Prasain Ganga Prasad , Sharma Poonam
Published: February 2024

Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya is a hotspot of landslide occurrences in India. Losses of natural and human resources has become common and frequent news for this area as an effect of landslide. At the same time, it’s a very potential zone from developmental and tourism perspective which leads to emerging population growth and settlement expansion. The directional magnitude of this sprawling depends on the physical, environmental and infrastructural strengths of the area. But this can be threatened by landslide. Hence, to minimize loss of lives and property, optimization and restriction of developmental activities in highly sensitive areas is the need of the hour. Kalimpong is a highly sensitive site for such issue for its emerging urban agglomeration. Hence, the case study was conducted in Kalimpong-I block in Darjeeling District. Quantitative simulation by multivariate logistic regression was carried out based on influencing factors and landslide inventory data for landslide susceptibility analysis. Digital elevation model (DEM), Landsat-8 OLI satellite imagery and also some secondary data were used to generate the individual spatial database to formulate dependent variables. Spatial overlay analysis with the final outputs for predicted urban sprawling and predicted landslide occurrence zones enabled the managing authority to identify future highly vulnerable zones as well as the safer zones for settlement and infrastructure expansion. This helped the authority to restrict the set-ups resulting minimization of elements at risk. It can help in the disaster preparedness as well as mitigation planning. Therefore, this study shows a holistic approach towards effective disaster management and risk resilience.
Plant–soil interactions in a deglaciated landscape: Root exudation reflects environmental severity.
Authors: Lehejček Jiří , Huseynli Alina , Luláková Petra , Křížová Petra , Hájek Tomáš , Němeček Karel , Drábek Ondřej , Valášek Pavel , Valášek Pavel , Tejnecký Václav
Published: February 2024

The growth of shrubs in the Arctic is a key factor affecting environmental and vegetation changes framed by the currently accelerated dynamics of global warming. One of the phenomena involved in the shrubification of the Arctic is root exudation, which plays a part in nutrient acquisition by plants and thus the growth of both individual plants and whole communities. It is not known, however, to what extent root exudation differs across different environments in the Arctic tundra, how importantits role is in covering the nutrient demands of plants and what significance this might have for soil properties and vegetation succession. To shed light on the topic, we studied the content of biogenic elements in soils of different maturity following deglaciation, the age structure of the climax species Salix polaris, exudation by its roots,and the concentrations of different nutrients in its roots and leaves in the forefield of the Nordenskiöld glacier in the Svalbard archipelago. Our results reveal that polar willow shrubs have a greater relative propensity towards exudation, and thus larger potential for investing into growth, under more severe environmental conditions, which may be attributable to the stage of their root system development or the level of competition they face. This finding should be taken into consideration when interpreting current vegetation development and plant succession in the Arctic. Nevertheless, to what extent this relationship stays stable in the context of ongoing climate change remains a question to be explored.
Analysis and simulation of three tropical cyclones with different paths in the Arabian Sea
Authors: Karami Sara , ghassabi zahra , Khansalari Sakineh
Published: February 2024

The Arabian Sea (AS) are regularly influenced by tropical cyclones (TCs). In this study, the TCs in the AS during the period 1980–2022 were examined and three TCs (Biparjoy, Shaheen, and Mekunu), that developed in the AS and followed various paths were simulated using the WRF model. The most TCs occurred in the Indian Ocean during the negative or neutral phase of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and neutral phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). These storms typically formed in the pre-monsoon season in the eastern AS, moving north/northeastward and in the post-monsoon, in southern regions of the AS and moved westward. Satellite analysis revealed the presence of ice-phase cirrus clouds with significant thickness at higher altitudes near the storm's eye. The simulation showed that TCs moved towards areas with lower pressure and wind shear. In well-developed TCs, a relative humidity reduction in the eye region and moisture gradient between rain bands and subsiding cold air areas were observed. During the peak days of cyclonic activity, the helicity reached its maximum and tropopause folding were occured. The WRF model underestimated the speed of Shaheen and its intensity and precipitation extent. In the Biparjoy, the model indicated precipitation over a broader area around the storm center. The model suggested less precipitation in regions surrounding the storm center in Mekunu. The comparison of daily cumulative precipitation between the GPM data and the WRF output revealed the highest correlation and the lowest RMSE for the Biparjoy.
El Nino- and La Nina-Induced Sea Level Anomalies in The South China Sea
Authors: Sharoni Syarawi M. H. , Razak Syasya Aqilah Abdul , Zahril Nurin Nadhirah Hairi , Mustafa Nurul Izzah , Hannan Asilah Abdul
Published: February 2024

The South China Sea (SCS) is recognised as the largest marginal sea within the western Pacific Basin. The El Nino and La Nina phenomena alternately occur along the equatorial Pacific Ocean and have directly influenced the sea surface condition of the adjacent SCS region. Through the thermosteric effect mechanism, the relative location of the warm water pool along the affected region can impose additional sea level anomalies (SLA) observed. The El Nino- and La Nina-induced SLA is one of the understudied impacts, yet essential, reflecting additional deviation of projected sea level variation. This study aims to investigate the contribution of these phenomena to the additional SLA observed within the SCS region. The intense period of El Nino 2015 and La Nina 2010 were selected, and their corresponding SLA data were analysed. The study revealed that, in El Nino years, there is a discernible negative trend in the mean sea level anomalies, whereas, in La Nina years, a positive anomalies trend is observed within the study area. The analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) data indicates that the thermosteric effect plays a significant role in the fluctuations of sea level observed during these climatic phenomena. A decrease in sea surface temperature during the peak of El Nino over the SCS is associated with an average reduction of up to 15 cm in SLA. Conversely, an increase in SST during the peak of La Nina is linked to a 20 cm increase in the SLA. The highly affected areas of the Philippines and the northern area of Borneo demonstrate a 12-month average of 12 cm SLA range corresponding to both events. This phenomenon indicates that El Nino and La Nina events are crucial in propelling the region's climatic sea level fluctuations and offer valuable perspectives for enhancing disaster preparedness.
Carbon emissions from road transportation in China: From past to the future
Authors: Teng Wen-Tao , Zhang Qian-Qian , Guo Zhao , Ying Guang-Guo , Zhao Jian-Liang
Published: February 2024

Road transportation is an important contributor to carbon emissions. China’s car ownership is rapidly increasing, ranking first worldwide; however, there are limited data about carbon emission inventories. This study assesses carbon emissions from road transportation from the past to the future across China, using market survey, COPERT (Computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport) model, and a combination method of principal component analysis and back propagation neural network. From 2000–2020, the national carbon emissions from road transportation grew from 11.9 to 33.8 Mt CO2e, accounting for 0.47% of national total emissions by then. Trucks generally emit a higher proportion of total emissions than passenger cars; however, the emission proportion of passenger cars has increased yearly. The carbon emissions at prefecture-level show an urban agglomeration trend, decreasing from the eastern coastal areas to central China. Future car ownership is expected to grow rapidly at 3.1% during 2021–2049, but only half of that growth rate during 2051–2060. Those vehicles are expected to contribute carbon emissions of 27.2–39.1 Mt CO2e under different scenarios in 2060. Reducing the carbon emission coefficient, combined with a reasonable new energy vehicle growth scenario, is an efficient method for reducing national carbon levels. This work details the carbon emission inventories associated with road transportation in China, and provides basic data for developing a better carbon reduction policy for China’s car industry.
Can the green credit policy achieve synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions? Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Xiaorui , Guo Wen
Published: February 2024

Numerous discussions have taken place regarding the influence of the green credit policy (GCP) on carbon and pollution reduction. However, there is a dearth of research on synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions (SRPC). This paper aims to investigate the potential of GCP to achieve SRPC by analyzing the Green Credit Guidelines implemented in China. Firstly, the findings reveal that GCP significantly contributes to SRPC by upgrading the industrial structure and optimizing energy consumption. However, the promotion of SRPC through technological innovation is deemed ineffective. Additionally, the impact of GCP on SRPC is more prominent in the industrial sector, while it bears no significant influence on the household sector. Lastly, GCP demonstrates success in achieving SRPC in terms of waste gas and common industrial solid waste, but falls short when it comes to wastewater and hazardous waste. This research paper provides a theoretical foundation for GCP to effectively realize SRPC and offers insights to further enhance the policy framework of green finance in China.
Phosphorylation inhibits intramolecular interactions, DNA-binding and protein interactions of Claspin through disordered/ structured conformation transition
Authors: Masai Hisao , You Zhiying , Hsiao Hao-Wen , Yang Chi-Chun , Goto Hidemasa
Published: February 2024

Claspin, known to be highly disordered, plays important roles in replication fork progression, initiation and cellular responses to replication stress. However, regulation of its structure and molecular interactions is not completely understood. We show here, through Proximity-Ligation-Assays, the evidence for intramolecular interaction between the N- and C-terminal segments of Claspin, which depends on the Acidic-Patch [AP] segment near its C-terminus. Interaction of Claspin with DNA and replication factors is highly stimulated in ∆AP mutant and by prior dephosphorylation. The wild-type Claspin inhibits the helicase activity of MCM in an AP-dependent manner. ∆AP and dephosphorylated Claspin exhibit resistance to trypsin digestion compared to wild-type, suggesting the presence of structural domains in the formers. We propose that Claspin is converted from disordered (closed) to structured (open) conformation at initiation, which stimulates its DNA binding and interaction with replication factors and counteracts its helicase inhibitory activity to trigger initiation of DNA replication.