bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adequate Completion of Radiology Request Forms: A clinical Audit at Managil Teaching Hospital, Sudan
Authors: Muhammed Abubakr Elsadig Musa , Babiker Mohammed Abdurhman Minallah , AlKheder Mohammed Alsiddig , Awad Mustafa Sabir Abakar
Published: January 2024

Background
Clinical auditing is a technique used to enhance the quality of patient treatment, which involves the thorough examination of a request form. Radiology request forms are essential instruments for facilitating communication between the referring clinician and the radiologist/radiographer.
Objectives
To evaluate the radiology request form and improve the request form content and design at Managil Teaching Hospital, Sudan.
Methods
A retrospective, prospective observational study conducted at Managil Teaching Hospital and three adjacent private radiology clinics. A total of 100 request forms were gathered and compared to the Royal College of Radiologist (RCR) standard structured form, a second cycle was done in which a ready request form was administered. The data were entered to Microsoft Excel 2016 and data were analyzed accordingly then the results were compared to the RCR Standard.
Results
A total of 100 sample were included in the study, 50 in the 1st cycle and 50 in the 2nd cycle. In the first cycle the samples were collected from the radiology department and a 50 request form were compared with the standard. The second cycle included 50 samples and the collected request form were compared with the RCR standards. A significant improving was observed in most areas, for instance the patient’s age was only written in 13% of the request forms in the 1st cycle and 92% in the 2nd cycle.
Conclusion
A significant proportion of radiology request forms are incomplete but after the 2nd cycle of the audit there was massive improvement regarding adequate filling of the radiology request forms. which will aid in effectively diagnosing patients.
6-benzylaminopurine induces somatic embryogenesis in staminodia of new genotypes of Theobroma cacao L. from the Papaloapan Basin of Mexico and reveals differences with T. bicolor Bonpl.
Authors: Martínez-Hernández Nancy Carmín , Dávila-Figueroa Carlos Antonio , Morales-Serna José Antonio , Castro-Cerritos Karla Viridiana , Martínez-Galero Nelda Xanath , López-Arjona Héctor , VILLALOBOS-AMADOR ENRIQUE
Published: January 2024

Theobroma cacao and T. bicolor belongs to most important agricultural crops of the Mexican tropics. Currently, propagation of these crops is carried out by seed, which means that demand exceeds production. In this context, somatic embryogenesis is an alternative to this isues. Thus, we evaluated the presence of embryogenic genotypes of T. cacao and T. bicolor in the Papaloapan Basin of Mexico with the idea of implementing this technology in the region. The analysis of the phenotypic expression of the floral whorls revealed that 6-benzylaminopurine in combination with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, induces different morphogenetic responses of the genotypes evaluated in the primary callus phase of T. cacao, unlike T. bicolor. The staminodia presented the highest percentage of caulogenesis in T. cacao, while T. bicolor presented the highest frequency of caulogenesis in staminodia and carpels. Some calli differentiated in the root, being to a greater extent those derived from staminodes of T. cacao. The calli of T. bicolor did not differentiate. A parallel study using thidiazuron as an inducer revealed a similar behavior in obtaining callus in both species, however the rhizogenesis from staminodes was 50% lower in the evaluated genotypes of T. cacao. Staminodes were the only ones that presented primary somatic embryogenesis in 66% of the T. cacao genotypes evaluated using benzylaminopurine. Finally, the secondary somatic embryogenesis was evaluated from cotyledons, reaching a 60% success rate, of which 95.48% were normal somatic embryos. Both types of embryogenesis were characterized morphologically using optical and/or scanning electron microscopy.
Unraveling the Causal Nexus Between Reproductive Characteristics and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Yang Heng , Chen Qiaoxia , Liu Xue , Jiang Xuemei , Cui Yishun
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a prevalent global health concern, stems from intricate interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The primary aim of this study is to employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between key female reproductive characteristics—age at first birth (AFB), age at first sexual intercourse (AFS), and age at menarche (AAM)—and the risk of NAFLD.
Methods:
Genome-wide association data on AFB, AFS, AAM, and NAFLD were pooled for two-sample MR analysis. Instrumental variables were meticulously selected to meet MR assumptions. The primary analysis used the inverse variance weighting (IVW) approach, supplemented by MR-Egger regression and weighted median methods. Multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis considered confounding variables: educational attainment, BMI, and household income.
Results:
The MR analysis revealed significant causal associations between later AFB (OR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83–0.96; P = 0.003), AFS (OR 0.64; 95% CI: 0.53–0.76; P = 1.47×10− 5), and AAM (OR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.75–0.91; P = 0.0002) with a reduced risk of NAFLD. MVMR, after accounting for confounders, sustained the significance of AFS (P = 0.003) and AAM (P = 0.02), with a weaker association for AFB (P = 0.3).
Conclusion:
This study provides compelling evidence that later reproductive events—later AFB, AFS, and AAM—are causally associated with a reduced risk of NAFLD. The observed associations persist even after adjusting for confounding variables. Further research is warranted to delve into the underlying mechanisms of this causality, emphasizing the importance of women's reproductive health awareness in mitigating NAFLD risk.
Effect of Direct Cyclopexy for Traumatic Cyclodialysis Cleft: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiang , JIANG Zhixin , Ma Xiubin
Published: January 2024

Purpose
To evaluate the clinical effect of direct cyclopexy for treatment of traumatic cyclodialysis cleft.
Methods
This is a retrospective case series study. Patients with traumatic cyclodialysis cleft who were treated by direct cyclopexy and had complete medical records in Tianjin Eye Hospital from Feb, 2021 to Aug, 2022 were selected. The detailed characteristics of 23 cases were analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and extent of ciliary detachment of the patients were recorded. All the patients were followed up 6months.
Results
19 of 23 cases underwent single direct cyclopexy, the other 4 cases with severe posterior section damage received direct cyclopexy combined with vitrectomy, suprachoroidal drainage etc. After operation, 95.65% patients (22/23) successfully reset the ciliary body, including 4 cases receiving combined operations, which has significant difference in statistical significance compared with that of preoperative(P < 0.01). The mean preoperative IOP was 6.48 ± 1.62 mmHg and it has a different degree of rebound in 21 cases reaching 13.29 ± 2.11 mmHg on 6 months after operation, including 6 cases of transient high intraocular pressure (> 21mmHg). The difference has statistical significance (t = 12.74, P < 0.01). Best corrected visual acuity was increased from preoperatively 0.60 ± 0.21 logMAR to 0.38 ± 0.26 log MAR postoperatively, in which the vision > 0.3 reached 65.2% and the difference has statistical significance(t = 5.04, P < 0.01).
Conclusions
According to different condition, direct cyclopexy combined with or without vitrectomy is an effective method for treatment of traumatic ciliary body detachment.
Quality parameter adaptive optimization for spinning process using dynamic non-dominated sorting algorithm
Authors: Wu Di , Sheng Hu
Published: January 2024

Intelligent textile equipment can discover potential patterns in the production process through data mining, and utilize these patterns through intelligent optimization, ultimately achieving intelligent and automated textile production. This paper focuses on the spinning process parameters optimization under changing spinning conditions and proposes a dynamic non-dominant ranking parameter quality adaptive optimization algorithm. Firstly, the changing factors of spinning conditions is analyzed to explore the influence of the change of spinning process conditions on the quality optimization of spinning parameters. Then the factors of spinning process condition changes is transformed into mathematical dynamic constraints and constructing an adaptive optimization model for spinning parameter quality. Basis on this, the response mechanism of spinning environment is established to readjust the optimization direction according to the change of spinning conditions, and the DNSGA-II is used to solve the quality adaptive optimization model. A case study is designed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with other data-driven methods, the proposed method offers enhanced performance in terms of providing corresponding parameter optimization combinations for different spinning conditions.
Ultrasound-guided renal puncture followed by non-guided tract dilatation Vs standard fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy for non-opaque renal stones; a Randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pakmanesh Hamid , Kharazmi Farhad , Vejdani Siavash , Eslami Nazanin
Published: January 2024

Objective
to evaluate the non-inferiority of ultrasound puncture followed by non-guided tract dilatation compared to the standard fluoroscopy-guided PCNL.
Materials and Methods
40 patients with non-opaque kidney stones eligible for PCNL were randomly divided into two groups. The standard fluoroscopy-guided PCNL using the Amplatz dilator was performed in the XRAY group. In the SONO group, needle puncture was done ultrasound-guided followed by non-guided dilatation using Amplatz dilator based on the tract length. In cases of short-advancement, we used bi-prong forceps under direct endoscopic vision to dilate the parenchyma. The primary outcome was successful access.
Results
In 90% of cases in the XRAY and 95% in the SONO group access dilatation process was performed uneventfully at the first attempt (p = 0.5). In 45% of cases in the SONO group, bi-prong forceps was used as salvage for short-advancement. In one case in the XRAY group over-advancement occurred. The stone-free rate on CT-scan one month after surgery was 75% for the XRAY group and 85% for the SONO group. (p = 0.4). There were no significant differences in operation time, hospitalization duration, transfusion, or complication rates between the two groups.
Conclusion
Non-guided tract dilatation after the ultrasound-guided renal puncture in PCNL followed by bi-prong forceps tract dilatation as salvage in case of short-advancement, is not inferior to the standard fluoroscopy-guided PCNL for non-opaque renal stones while eliminating radiation hazard and the risk of over-advancement.
Plant cultural indicators of forest resources from the Himalayan high mountains: implications for improving agricultural resilience, subsistence, and forest restoration
Authors: Haq Shiekh Marifatul , Khoja Aadil Abdullah , Waheed Muhammad , Pieroni Andrea , Siddiqui Manzer H. , Bussmann Rainer W.
Published: January 2024

Aim
Biocultural legacy practices are intricately tied to forestry resources, ethnic identity, and social cohesiveness. This study aims to determine the plant cultural values of forest resources and identify plant cultural indicators in each ethnic group, which can aid in long-term natural resource management plans in the current debate on socioenvironmental and ecological transitions.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations were employed to collect data for a comprehensive and systematic ethnobotanical survey from February 2018 to October 2022.
Results
A total of 330 informants reported 154 plant species from 65 families. Asteraceae was the most prominent botanical family, with herbaceous plant groups outnumbering trees and shrubs. The Gujjar and Pahari groups exhibited the highest level of overlap, followed by significant overlaps between the Gujjar and Kashmiri communities. The close affinity observed between the Gujjar and Pahari groups suggests the horizontal pattern of local plant knowledge between these communities, influenced by their sociocultural interactions and intermarriages. Notably, the Pahari community displayed a rich understanding of medicinal plants and shared unique uses for the reported taxa. This study affirms that both ecological factors and sociocultural influences have played significant roles in shaping local plant knowledge. A total of 31 plant species have been identified as plant cultural markers among all four ethnic groups. We observed a positive correlation between plant cultural values and plant use with the Gujjar and Kashmiri ethnic groups. Artemisia absinthium reported the highest use value of (0.57) with use reports of (189). Adonis aestivalis, Cynoglossum nervosum, Geum elatum, Geranium himalayense, Juncus inflexus, Oxalis acetosella, Polygonatum biflorum, and Salvia hians from the Himalayan are among the plant taxa whose ethnomedicinal applications are described here for the first time.
Conclusion
Our data show that local and indigenous forest knowledge and practices could significantly contribute to forest conservation and ecological transition. This may happen if stakeholders generate clear frameworks and biocultural conservation strategies aimed at both dynamically preserve natural habitats and ways of traditional management of local natural resources.
Association between dietary vitamin B1 intake and cognitive impairment among older adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jia Weiai , Wang Hemei , Li Chao , Shi Jingpu , Yong Fangfang , Jia Huiqun
Published: January 2024

Background This study aims to investigate the relationship between vitamin B1 intake and cognitive function in older adults.Methods This cross-sectional observational study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014. A total of 2422 participants were included in the analysis, with dietary vitamin B1 intake being determined by averaging of two 24-hour dietary recalls. Cognitive function was assessed using multiple tests: the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) for processing speed, the Animal Fluency Test (AFT) for executive function, a Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) subtest for memory, and a composite-z score calculated from combined individual test z-scores. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the connections between vitamin B1 and cognitive performance.Results 2422 participants, aged 60 years and older, were included from NHANES across two survey cycles (2011–2014). Cognitive function was negatively associated with vitamin B1 intake. In the fully adjusted model, every 1 mg/day increase in vitamin intake correlated with a 20% lower risk of cognitive impairment in the z-score test (OR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.67–0.94), a 19% decrease in the DSTT test (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.7–0.94), and a 14% decrease in the AFT and CERAD tests (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75–0.99). These results remained consistent when vitamin B1 intake was analyzed as a categorical variable. Compared with lowest quartile (Q1), Q4 in the DSST and z score tests reduced the risk of cognitive impairment by 45% (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.4–0.75) and 39% (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44–0.86). There was no detected significant statistical interaction between these variables.Conclusions Increased dietary intake of vitamin B1 was associated with reduced cognitive impairment in individuals aged over 60.
Photosymbiosis reduces the environmental stress response under a heat challenge in a facultatively symbiotic coral
Authors: Wuitchik Daniel , Aichelman Hannah , Atherton Kathryn , Brown Chloe , Chen Xuqing , DiRoberts Laura , Pelose Gregory , Tramonte Carlos , Davies Sarah
Published: January 2024

The symbiosis between corals and dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae is sensitive to environmental stress. The oxidative bleaching hypothesis posits that extreme temperatures lead to accumulation of photobiont-derived reactive oxygen species ROS, which exacerbates the coral environmental stress response (ESR). To understand how photosymbiosis modulates coral ESRs, these responses must be explored in hosts in and out of symbiosis. We leveraged the facultatively symbiotic coral Astrangia poculata, which offers an opportunity to uncouple the ESR across its two symbiotic states (symbiotic, aposymbiotic). Colonies of both symbiotic states were exposed to three temperature treatments for 15 days: i) control (static 18°C), ii) heat challenge (increasing from 18 to 32°C), and iii) cold challenge (decreasing from 18 to 6°C) after which host gene expression was profiled. Cold challenged corals elicited widespread differential expression, however, there were no differences between symbiotic states. In contrast, symbiotic colonies exhibited greater gene expression plasticity under heat challenge, including enrichment of cell cycle pathways involved in controlling photobiont growth. Counter to the oxidative bleaching hypothesis, this plasticity did not include signatures of stress, and rather a dampened ESR under heat challenge was observed, suggesting that photobionts reduce the host's ESR under elevated temperatures in A. poculata.
Single-molecule-based characterization of the soybean rhizosphere microbiome
Authors: Hale Brett , Watts Caitlin , Conatser Matthew , Brown Edward , Wijeratne Asela J.
Published: January 2024

Background
The rhizosphere microbiome displays structural and functional dynamism driven by plant, microbial, and environmental factors. While such plasticity is a well-evidenced determinant of host health, individual and community-level microbial activity within the rhizosphere remain poorly understood, due in part to the insufficient taxonomic resolution achieved through traditional marker gene amplicon sequencing. This limitation necessitates more advanced approaches (e.g., long-read sequencing) to derive ecological inferences with practical application. To this end, the present study coupled synthetic long-read technology with avidity sequencing to investigate eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbiome dynamics within the soybean (Glycine max) rhizosphere under field conditions.
Results
Synthetic long-read sequencing permitted de novo reconstruction of the entire 18S-ITS1-ITS2 region of the eukaryotic rRNA operon as well as all nine hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. All mapped eukaryotic amplicon sequence variants displayed genus-level classification, and 44.77% achieved species-level classification. The resultant eukaryotic microbiome encompassed five kingdoms (19 genera) of protists in addition to fungi – a depth unattainable with conventional short-read methods. In the prokaryotic fraction, every mapped amplicon sequence variant was resolved at the species level, and 23.13% at the strain level. Thirteen species of Bradyrhizobium were thereby distinguished in the prokaryotic microbiome, with strain-level identification of the two Bradyrhizobium species most reported to nodulate soybean. Moreover, the applied methodology delineated structural and compositional dynamism in response to experimental parameters (i.e., growth stage, cultivar, and biostimulant application), unveiled a saprotroph-rich core microbiome, provided empirical evidence for host selection of mutualistic taxa, and identified key microbial co-occurrence network members likely associated with edaphic and agronomic properties.
Conclusions
This study is the first to combine synthetic long-read technology and avidity sequencing to profile both eukaryotic and prokaryotic fractions of a plant-associated microbiome. Findings herein provide an unparalleled taxonomic resolution of the soybean rhizosphere microbiota and represent significant biological and technological advancements in crop microbiome research.
Phase and norm retrievable operator valued frames
Authors: Li Dongwei , Jiang Jing , Xu Yuxiang
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we investigate operator-value frames (OPV-frames) for phase (norm) retrieval. Firstly, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for phase retrievable OPV-frames in real Hilbert spaces. Some conditions which are equivalent to phase retrievable OPV-frames are also presented. Secondly, we obtain some equivalent conditions to the norm retrievable OPV-frame in real and complex Hilbert spaces. Finally, we show that the property of phase retrievable for real Hilbert spaces is stable under small perturbation of an OPV-frame. It is also shown that the property of norm retrievability is stable under enough small perturbations of an OPV-frame only for phase retrievable OPV-frames.
GloFP-MSF: Monocular Scene Flow Estimation with Global Feature Perception
Authors: Xiang Xuezhi , Cu Yu , Wang Xi , Zhai Mingliang , Saddik Abdulmotaleb El
Published: January 2024

Monocular scene flow estimation is a task that allows us to obtain 3D structure and 3D motion from consecutive monocular images. Previous monocular scene flow usually focused on the enhancement of image features and motion features directly while neglecting the utilization of motion features and image features in the decoder, which are equally crucial for accurate scene flow estimation. In this paper, we propose a global feature perception module (GFPM) based on cross-covariance attention and applie it to decoder, which enables the decoder to utilize the motion features and image features of the current layer as well as the coarse estimation result of the scene flow of the previous layer effectively, thus enhancing the decoder's recovery of 3D motion information. In addition, we also propose a parallel architecture of self-attention and convolution (PCSA) for feature extraction, which can enhance the global expression ability of extracted image features. Our proposed method demonstrates remarkable performance on the KITTI 2015 dataset, achieving a relative improvement of 17.6\% compared to the baseline approach. Compared to other recent methods, the proposed model achieves competitive results.
Multi-Objective Electric Discharge Machining Process Parameters Optimization of Inconel 718 by using Machine Learning Techniques.
Authors: Tufa Kebebew Alemu , AHMED Gulam Mohammed SAYEED , Tufa Habtamu Beri , Sinha Devendra Kumar , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Alqahtani Mohammed , Kamangar Sarfaraz , Mohiuddin Mohammed Viquar
Published: January 2024

Nickel based Alloys like Inconel 718 are increasingly being used in automotive and aerospace engineering, because of its remarkable properties of high durability, resistance to rust, lightweight, and minimal rate of wear. But Nickel based alloys is limited due to the difficulty in machine by using conventional methods. Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the unconventional techniques, which has the ability to machine these Nickel based alloys. The ideal parameters in EDM differ depending on the anticipated outcomes in various materials, It is essential to comprehend the connection between the EDM process parameters and the variables that determine the response, using a specific model, equation, or approach. This understanding is vital for determining the most favorable values for different applications. In this study, we conducted a thorough examination of existing literature. An effort has been made to ascertain the best possible combinations of EDM procedure variables. and the effect of response variables during EDM of Inconel by utilizing copper electrode by Machine Learning Techniques. The process parameters included are Pulse on, Pulse off, Voltage and Current. The Output response variables are Material Removal Rate (MRR), and the work piece's Surface Roughness (SR) can be greatly enhanced by choosing the optimal machining parameters. The primary goal of this research was to create a framework. by using machine learning techniques to forecast the value of process parameter for an optimal value of Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness and furthermore a mathematical model was formulated for response variables based on the obtained regression models. Regression models were conducted using full factorial method in DOE. ANOVA was used to assess the validity of the developed model. Experiments were performed on an EDMN450CNC die-sinking EDM machine on work piece of Inconel 718 with copper electrode which is utilized in the die and mold fabrication sector. The findings revealed that Pulse-on time contributed 47.76% and most significant parameter affecting surface roughness, followed by peak current with percentage contribution of 26.7%. Peak current had a significant effect on the MRR (78.13%), subsequent step by pulse-on condition time percentages of contribution of 21.344%. From full-factorial design of experiments process optimizer optimum value of Ra was 3.80µm and MRR was 52.0 mm3/min at I, T-on and T-off 15A,100µs and 20µs respectively and From Predictive model MRR was 56.2497mm3/min at I, Pulse-on and Pulse-off conditions were 15A,100 µs and 80 µs respectively and Ra were 3.01 µm, at I, T-on and T-off 6A,100 µs and 20 µs.
Methylcobalamin-containing nanofiber sheets have better neuroprotective effects than small intestinal submucosa sheets
Authors: Yoshimura Yoshiaki , Iwahashi Toru , Kasuya Taisuke , Shimada Toshiki , Konishi Katsuyuki , Kamata Atsushi , Konishi Mai , Kazui Arisa , Shiode Ryoya , Miyamura Satoshi , Oka Kunihiro , Okada Seiji , Tanaka Hiroyuki
Published: January 2024

Postoperative adhesion around nerves sometimes results in sensory and motor dysfunctions. To prevent these disorders, we have developed an electrospun nanofiber sheet incorporating methylcobalamin (MeCbl), an active form of vitamin B12 with anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative effects. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MeCbl sheets against postoperative adhesion and to compare the effects of MeCbl sheets with those of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) sheets using a rat sciatic nerve adhesion model. Behavioral and electrophysiological analyses showed superior results in the MeCbl sheet group compared with those in the untreated group, all of which were non-inferior to the SIS sheet group. Histological analysis revealed less collagen and inflammatory cell invasion into the nerve parenchyma and a higher number of residual axons and myelination rate in the MeCbl sheet group than in the untreated group. Moreover, the MeCbl sheet group was superior to the SIS sheet group in terms of the myelination rate and decreased number of infiltrating macrophages. Furthermore, the distribution of residual axons by diameter revealed that the MeCbl sheet group had thicker axons than the SIS sheet group. The use of MeCbl sheets may represent a novel approach for preventing secondary nervous system impairment following inflammation.
Hypoglycemia rather than vascular dysfunction causes early mortality in diabeto-septic mice
Authors: Gari Manju , Jagadeesh T , Choudhury Soumen , Shukla Amit , Gangwar Neeraj K , Garg Satish K
Published: January 2024

Sepsis is often complicated with pre-existing diabetes and diabetic patients are prone to infection. However, the impact of sepsis in pre-existing diabetes especially on cardio-vascular system is largely unknown. Sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture while intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (@ 65 mg/kg b.wt. for 5 consecutive days) was used to induce diabetes in mice. Isometric tension and mRNA expression of α1D-adrenoceptor in aorta was determined by organ bath and qRT-PCR, respectively. Blood glucose levels and bacterial load in blood and peritoneal lavage (PL) were estimated. Histopathological examination of pancreas, lungs, liver, kidney and spleen was also done. Induction of sepsis in the mice with pre-existing diabetes caused early mortality despite being lower bacterial load in blood and PL in comparison to sepsis alone. Interestingly, NA-induced contraction as well as receptor-independent high K+-induced contraction (though significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in sepsis), were similar in diabeto-septic and SO groups. Accordingly, aortic mRNA expression of α1D-adrenoceptor was also unaltered in diabeto-septic group unlike to that of sepsis where α1D mRNA expression was significantly down-regulated. ACh-induced vasorelaxation was also unaffected in these animals. However, marked hypoglycemia before death with enhanced infiltration of inflammatory cells in lungs, liver, kidney and spleen was observed. In diabeto-septic animals, hypoglycaemia rather than vascular dysfunction was responsible for early mortality. Further, the increased infiltration of inflammatory cell in different tissues reduced the bacterial load and is responsible, at least in part, for reduction in blood glucose level leading to hypoglycemic shock.
Stress Interference in Multilayer Additive Friction Stir Deposition of AA6061 Aluminum
Authors: Yang Teng , Jin Yuqi , Wang Tianhao , Dowden Shelden , Neogi Arup , Dahotre Narendra B.
Published: January 2024

Due to the multilayer deposition nature of metal additive manufacturing processes, each layer being printed experiences the state of thermokinetic and thermomechanical stress that in turn interfere with the state of thermokinetics and thermomechanical stress of subsequently deposited layers. Especially, this multilayer interference significantly affects the resultant properties of the component fabricated using solid state additive friction stir deposition due to evolution of asymmetric state of planar stress. Due to the lack of comprehensive and suitable in-situ diagnosis technique, the complex interference of inter- and multi-layer stresses during additive friction stir deposition was studied in an integrated approach of numerical simulation of fluidic state and experimental probing of stress influenced ultrasonic elastography. The uni-directional and bi-directional layer deposition configurations adopted during additive friction stir deposition result in generation of constructive and destructive interference of the interlayer stress and hence, asymmetric and symmetric dynamic elasticity distribution respectively within the subsequent layers. With subsequent deposition of additional layers, the odd and even numbers of deposited layers generate asymmetric and nearly symmetric dynamic elasticity distributions.
The Association Between Emotional Expressions and Empathic Accuracy
Authors: Lin Tong , Simon Jeremy C. , Gutsell Jennifer N.
Published: January 2024

Empathic accuracy, the ability to accurately represent and understand another’s emotional state, is integral to socio-emotional functioning. It is also inherently an interpersonal process that requires active engagement of the emotional systems of both interaction partners. The emotional expressivity of the partner sharing their emotions restricts empathic accuracy and the perceiver’s emotional expressivity might also affect empathic accuracy as they behaviorally simulate and thus share the emotions they see in the other’s face. We explored a potential role of emotional expressivity in people’s ability to understand another’s emotions in a face-to-face dyadic interaction. Participants took turns sharing emotional experiences while their facial expressions were recorded. They then watched the recordings while continuously rating their own and their partner’s affect at any given point during the recording. Empathic accuracy was indexed as the epoch by-epoch emotion change detection. We found that emotional expressivity of the listener, but not of the partner, was associated with increased empathic accuracy, even when controlling for partner’s expressivity. Our findings highlight the active role the person empathizing takes in face-to-face emotional sharing.
Evaluation of Critical SERR in the Presence of Heterogeneous Interfaces in Bonded Joints: Application to Parallel Defects in DCB Titanium alloy laser treated specimens
Authors: ALI Mahfoudh TALEB , JEBRI Zaineb
Published: January 2024

In this study, longitudinal defects are examined in the context of adhesively bonded structures, a subject that has remained understudied in previous investigations. Employing fracture mode I loading on Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) specimens with variable adhesion strength, we investigate the influence of weakened adhesion areas on the critical Stress Energy Release Rate (SERR). Modifications of titanium alloy specimen surfaces, with nanosecond laser treatment, alter their surface morphology dynamically. Our mechanical testing unveils a pronounced effect of weakened adhesion areas on SERR, necessitating a nuanced understanding.
A comprehensive model is presented that takes both transversal and longitudinal defects into account, providing detailed insight into the effect of finite defects on SERR values. The theoretical models meticulously calculate overall critical SERR (Gc) in heterogeneous bond lines, exhibiting a compelling correlation with experimental results. The study underscores the non-linear variation of critical SERR (Gc) with the fraction of strong adhesion area, a phenomenon influenced by the crossover between areas of good and weakened adhesion.
Practice Path of Sports and Health Monitoring in Universities Based on Optical Imaging Technology and Big Data
Authors: Wang Peng
Published: January 2024

In the field of education, sports in universities are an indispensable component, and the associated sports risks are widely concerned by society. This is because in previous university sports, insufficient technological support and lack of monitoring of vital health signs resulted in ineffective results, and even cases of sudden sports death occurred. Therefore, this article proposes the use of optical imaging technology and big data algorithms to design a sports and health monitoring system for universities. Firstly, by utilizing the characteristics of the imaging system for computing light fields, the imaging technology for computing light fields is combined with adaptive optical imaging. Based on the distribution of information in the light field, the internal four-dimensional light field information is distinguished and filtered. Secondly, after fully considering the issues of model design and data processing, this article studies the application of distributed algorithms in large-scale data scenarios, and then uses the MapReduce model to handle the problems of distributed big data algorithms, which significantly improves the speed of intelligent analysis and calculation. In the end, this article designed a health monitoring system for college sports, which dynamically monitors physiological parameters such as blood pressure, blood oxygen, heart rate, and body temperature of students. The results show that this method can effectively warn of sports risks such as fatigue and sudden sports death, providing protection for the health training of college sports majors.
Application of Random Forest Algorithm Based on Fiber Optic Sensors in Fatigue Detection in Sports Competitions
Authors: Chen Zhaoyu
Published: January 2024

In the field of competitive sports, increasing training intensity is mostly used to improve sports and competition levels. However, after high-intensity training, the function of the body muscles will decrease, which is known as muscle fatigue. If there is a lack of reasonable control over exercise intensity, athletes may experience muscle fatigue and sports injuries. Based on this, this article takes the random forest algorithm of fiber optic sensors as the design basis and develops a fatigue detection system for sports competitions. This article first analyzes the relevant principles of fiber optic sensors, and based on their corresponding mode coupling theory, derives formulas for the output content of sensors. Through experiments, the advantages of fiber optic sensors are demonstrated. Then, the random forest algorithm was analyzed and improved, which belongs to the classic ensemble learning algorithm. The model used is universal, easy to understand, and not prone to overfitting. However, in terms of dynamic data classification, the performance is poor. The improved random forest algorithm not only has excellent detection performance, but also higher prediction accuracy than before. Finally, this article successfully developed a fatigue detection application system for sports competitions, which can detect the fatigue level of athletes in real time, adjust the intensity of exercise, and effectively avoid potential safety hazards during the exercise process.
Autosomal dominant kidney disease phenocopying hypertensive nephropathy in Turkish Cypriot Families
Authors: Ozdemir Fezile , Oygar D. Deren , Behlul Ahmet , Ataç Salahi , Bardak Simge , Yükseliş Meral , Papagregoriou Gregory , Malatras Apostolos , Gale Daniel P. , Neild Guy H. , Deltas Constantinos , Gurkan Cemal
Published: January 2024

Background
In Cyprus, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is very common and often presents as a haematuric nephropathy caused by autosomal dominant pathogenic variants in the COL4A3 or COL4A4 genes. We investigated 57 Turkish Cypriots (TCs) with familial CKD for pathogenic variants in the COL4A3 and COL4A4 genes.
Methods
Probands from 53 families underwent massive parallel DNA sequencing using a glomerular gene panel for familial haematuria (COL4A3, COL4A4, COL4A5, CFHR5, and FN1), and whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed for 24 families. Twenty families were subjected to both procedures. Variants of interest were validated and tested in other family members by Sanger DNA sequencing or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) and agarose gel electrophoresis.
Results
The diagnostic yield from these families was disappointing, and likely pathogenic variants were identified in only 12 of the 57 patients (genes, including COL4A3 (3), COL4A4 (2), and COL4A5 (2)), leaving 45 unsolved families. Among the latter, a common missense variant (COL4A4:p. G545A), was present in four of the 45 unsolved and one of the solved families. Subsequently, we examined at least one member from a total of 85 families with evidence of familial kidney disease and a probable glomerular phenotype (at least one person with hematuria or proteinuria) and found 12 families (14%) with the p.G545A variant, which seemed to cosegregate with renal disease more often than would be expected by chance. All these families demonstrate an autosomal dominant (AD) inherited susceptibility to kidney disease associated with hypertension, variable and intermittent microscopic hematuria, and minimal proteinuria that remains at < 1 g/day until the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) falls below 30 ml/min, after which it may increase.
Conclusions
We suggest that COL4A4:p. G545A may play a permissive polygenic role in a novel renal condition that phenocopies ‘hypertensive nephropathy’. This variant may be a common contributor to renal failure in the eastern Mediterranean region, thus justifying further investigation in appropriate families.
MoRGH: Movie Recommender System using GNNs on Heterogeneous Graphs
Authors: Ziaee Seyed Sina , Rahmani Hossein , Nazari Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, with the advent of movies and TV shows and the competition between different movie streamer companies and movie databases to attract more users, movie recommenders have become a major prerequisite for customer satisfaction. Most of the previously introduced methods used collaborative, content-based, and hybrid filtering techniques, where neural network-based approaches, and matrix completion are the major approaches of most recent movie recommender systems. The major drawbacks of previous systems are not considering side information, cold start problem, and neglecting valuable information hidden when the data is presented in a heterogeneous graph like movie-movie or user-user information.
In this paper, we propose a novel inductive approach called MoRGH which first constructs a graph of similar movies by considering the information available in movies’ plot synopsis and genres. Second, constructs a heterogeneous graph of users and movies by taking into account the movies’ rating information available in the Movielens dataset. Third, mitigates the drawbacks of previous methods by performing a GNN and GAE-based model to exploit a hybrid approach of collaborative and content-based approaches. Finally recommends, accurate and more personalized recommendations for each user, which
outperforms previous state-of-the-art models w.r.t RMSE scores with an average of 0.1 based on movie ratings.
Ecology and biogeochemistry of the microbial underworld in two sister soda lakes
Authors: Paquette Alexandre J. , Bhatnagar Srijak , Vadlamani Agasteswar , Gillis Timber , Khot Varada , Novotnik Breda , Siegler Hector De la Hoz , Strous Marc , Rattray Jayne E.
Published: January 2024

Approximately 3.7 billion years ago, microbial life may have emerged in phosphate-rich salty ponds. Surprisingly, analogs of these environments are present in alkaline lake systems, recognized as highly productive biological ecosystems. Investigating the microbial ecology of two Canadian soda lake sediment systems characterized by naturally high phosphate levels. Using a comprehensive approach involving geochemistry, metagenomics, and amplicon sequencing, we discovered that groundwater infiltration into Lake Goodenough sediments supported stratified layers of microbial metabolisms fueled by decaying mats. Effective degradation of microbial mats resulted in unexpectedly low net productivity. Evaporation of water from Last Chance Lake and its sediments led to saturation of brines and a habitat dominated by inorganic precipitation reactions, with low productivity, low organic matter turnover and little biological uptake of phosphorus, leading to high phosphate concentrations. Our research highlights that modern analogs for origin-of-life conditions might be better represented by soda lakes with low phosphate concentrations. Highly alkaline brines were found to be dominated by potentially dormant spore-forming bacteria. These saturated brines also hosted potential symbioses between Halobacteria and Nanoarchaeaota, as well as Lokiarchaea and bacterial sulfate reducers. Metagenome-assembled genomes of Nanoarchaeaota lacked strategies for coping with salty brines and were minimal for Lokiarchaea. Thus, highly alkaline brine environments could be too extreme to support origin of life scenarios. These findings shed light on the complex interplay of microbial life in extreme environments and contribute to our understanding of early Earth environments.
Effects of two controlled physical exercise programs on work ability, job satisfaction and anxiety in three sedentary companies: a pilot study
Authors: Díaz-Benito Víctor Jiménez , Díaz Sara Zafra , Mateos María Espada , Farrona María Jesús Marín
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess the effect of two supervised physical exercise interventions in the workplace on work capacity, job satisfaction and self-perceived anxiety.
Methods: A pre-experimental study was conducted on workers with sedentary occupations from three different companies and sectors: (1) Renewable energy engineering; (2) Insurance and (3) Infrastructure and services. The participants of the first two were administered a supervised physical exercise program at their corporate headquarters in Madrid (PRODET®: n=12; mean age 43.21±7.04 and n=16; mean age 46.59±5.01, respectively). The third company carried out another physical exercise intervention in a single corporate headquarters in Madrid (HASAVI; n=18; mean age 39.25±9.83). A pre- and post-test intragroup analysis was performed on work capacity, job satisfaction and perception of anxiety.
Results: The PRODET® program in the company (1) found a significant improvement in work capacity in relation to requirements (p=0.033; η2=0.24) and an increase in psychic vitality (p=0.037; η2= 0.23). In this company, a significant increase was found in the overall score of the work capacity index (p=0.045; η2=0.20). The program also improved the perception of satisfaction in relation to remuneration and benefits (p=0.016; η2= 0.19), the perception of satisfaction related to the quality of production (p=0.013; η2=0.21) and the total score of job satisfaction (p=0.016; η2=0.19). There was also a decrease in trait anxiety (p=0.039; η2=0.22). No statistically significant differences were observed in the change of values from pre to post in any other company and program (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The PRODET® supervised physical exercise program could influence work capacity and job satisfaction in general.
Evaluation of the environmental efficiency of China's power generation industry considering carbon emissions and air pollution: An improved three-stage SBM-SE-DEA model
Authors: Chai Shanglei , Li Qiang , Chen Siyuan
Published: January 2024

Evaluating and enhancing the environmental efficiency of the power generation industry is an effective approach for addressing the challenges of climate change and environmental pollution. Considering the influence of external environmental factors and stochastic factors, this paper proposes an improved three-stage slack-based measure with superefficiency data envelopment analysis (SBM-SE-DEA) model to evaluate the environmental efficiency of the power generation industry in China’s 30 provincial regions during 2015–2021. The model integrates three-stage DEA model, SBM-DEA model, and SE-DEA model while accounting for undesirable outputs such as carbon emissions and air pollutants. The results show that (1) regions with a high proportion of renewable energy generation demonstrate the best environmental efficiency when considering the environmental constraints from carbon emissions and air pollution. However, the results of the first stage are evidently overestimated due to the influence of external environmental factors. (2) Rational adjustments in the economic development level, power structure, and industrial structure play a positive role in improving environmental efficiency. However, improving resource endowment does not yield the expected results. Additionally, provinces with higher electricity outputs often bear greater pressure from environmental pollution. (3) The environmental efficiency in the third stage exhibited a stable trend driven by internal factors. However, except for the Northeast and Central-South regions, most regions still experienced overestimation of environmental efficiency in the first stage. Thus, optimizing the power generation structure, promoting industrial restructuring, and strengthening interregional cooperation and coordination are imperative.
Cutaneous Eccrine Porocarcinoma: Diagnostic Challenge in Darker Skin Tones Individual
Authors: Babeta Fantahun Abza , Belachew Anteneh , Getachew Yared
Published: January 2024

Skin cancers are frequently misdiagnosed or diagnosed late in people with darker skin tones (Fitzpatrick types 4-6), resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Rare skin cancers, such as Eccrine Porocarcinoma (EPC), which accounts for 0.005 to 0.01 of all epidermal skin tumours, are less likely to be directly diagnosed in people with darker skin tones. Eccrine Porocarcinoma is often misdiagnosed as both benign and maliginat tumors of the skin. This case study presented a 45-year-old male patient from Ethiopia, Africa who presented to a dermatology clinic with a non-painful, non-itchy lesion on the plantar surface of his right big toe that had been present for 10 years.