bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analytic Study on Influencing Factors for the Number of Smoking Cigarette Per Day in Adult Men
Authors: Sok Sohyune
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the factors related to the number of smoking cigarette per day in adult men. Methods: This was a descriptive correlation study. The subjects were 356 adult men. Data were analyzed a using of descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with a SPSS PC+ 12. Results: The predictors of the number of smoking cigarette per day were depression, health state, stress, anxiety, economic state, duration for smoking, number of family members, self-esteem, and education. These factors explained 59.8% of the total variance. Conclusion: These findings suggest the need to develop nursing strategy to decrease the number of smoking cigarette in adult men. To decrease the number of smoking cigarette of adult men, the above major influencing factors should be considered.
A Comparative Study on the Computer Use between Schizophrenic Patients and Heathly People
Authors: Shon Kyung-Hee
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study is purposed to identify if there are any differences in computer use between schizophrenic patients and healthy people and this research results will be useful baseline data to develop web-based education program for schizophrenic patients in order to facilitate medication and prevent recurrence. Subjects of 61 healthy people and 55 schizophrenic patients who were admitted in day hospitals were attended to this study from Feb. 14to Apr. 4, 2005, in Busan. Data were analyzed by /-test, t-test, ANCOVA and Stepwise Multiple Regression in the SPSS/WIN 10.0. Results: No significant differences were found between the schizophrenic patients and healthy people with or without occupation in total scores of computer using skills and internet use. The factors related to the computer using skills were education level, duration of computer relating education and they explained 55% of the variances of the computer using skills in the schizophrenic patients, but, in healthy people, the only relative factor influencing the computer using skills was duration of computer relating education and they explained 42% of the variances of the computer using skills. Conclusions: Therefore, these findings give useful information for constructing web-based education program for schizophrenic patients and this study suggests that repeated studies considering sample size and homogeneity of samples are needed.
The Experience of Korean-American Womens Acculturative Stress
Authors: Ahn Hwang Ran
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the experience of Korean-American women’s acculturative stress. The study were conducted from April 7 to June 17, 2006. Methods: Interviews were conducted with ten Korean-American women using broad, open-ended questions. Individual demographics were also collected. A phenomenological approach was used to investigate the experience of Korean-American women’s acculturative stress. Data were gathered through audio taped interviews and analyzed using a modified Giorgi method. Results: The findings revealed five major themes and relevant subthemes : (1) difficulty of expressing in English (shamefulness, tactful sense, hope for homecoming, pretend to know, difficulty about speaking the English); (2) difficulty of rearing children and lack of competence in parent's role in school (sorriness, painful mind, sense of burden, different of value, regret about child rearing); (3) fearful but mandatory drive licence and driving(fear, getting on the brink of death, terrible sense, horrible sense, sense of burden about driving); (4) suffering from heavy burden by family member (sense of the burden about caring and conflict with family, sense of the grudge, regret about invitation of family and blame of husband, pitiable sense, blocking of the Psychic energy); (5) enduring working environment of cultural difference (sense of burden from difference of culture, endurance, ignored by the others, hellish sense, pitiable sense). Conclusion: This study contributed to the limited existing knowledge on Korean-American women's experience about accultrative stress. Although the result of this study was resulted specifically for Korean-American women, its content may easily be adapted for use with other migrant populations. And this result will help on private foundations, governments, and other organizations should continue to develop of acculturative stress management program and their linkages with more comprehensive integrated health delivery system.
The Validity and Reliability Testing of The Tromso-Social Intelligence Scale in Korean College Students
Authors: Park Sung-Won
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test validity and reliability of the Tromso Social Intelligence Scale when the scale was applied to Korean college students. Methods: A methodological study design with the exploratory factor analysis and correlational coefficients has been used. The Tromso social intelligence scale which had been developed by Slivera et. al. (2001) was translated into Korean and the scale has been administered to 460 undergraduate students. The data were analyzed by SPSS v. 12.0. Principal component factor analysis was used to evaluate the construct validity and, Cronbach's a was used to evaluate the internal consistency. Results: The factor analysis showed that 3 factors having highest variances were explaining 40.626 % of total variance and the corresponding factors were 'Social awareness’, 'Social skills’, and 'Social cue inference’, respectively. The internal consistency was acceptable(a=,795). Conclusions: The above results show that the Tromso Social Intelligence Scale is useful to apply to Korean subjects, but follow-up studies are needed to test the criterion and concurrent validity.
The Effect of Suicide Prevention Program on Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Problem Solving Ability on Middle School Students
Authors: Lee Chung Sook , Kweon Young Ran , Kim Soo Jin , Choi Bong Sil
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study was to examine the effect of suicide prevention program on depression, suicidal ideation, and problem solving ability on middle school students.Methods: This research design was quasi- experimental pre-and-post test control and experimental group methodological comparison study. The total subjects were 122(Exp=54, Con=68) middle school students in Gwangju city. The experimental group received program at ten sessions, but the control group did not receive treatment. Data were collected by self-reported structured questionnaires from Mar. 1st to May 30th 2007, and analyzed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe, and ANCOVA using SPSS/Win 15.0 program. Results: Depression wasn't significantly difference(t=-0.960, p=0.339, F=2.171, p=0.143) by the group, but experimental was decreased. Suicidal ideation was significantly difference(t=-2.537, p=0.012, F=4.590, p=0.034). Also, problem solving ability was significantly difference(t=l .958, p=0.053, F=10.115, p=0.002) by group. Conclusion: Based on the above findings, the authors suggest that comparison study on the effect of suicide prevention program. Also, school-based prevention program for adolescents be developed according to depression and suicidal ideation level.
A Study on Self-Concept, Sensation Seeking and Runaway Experience among Adolescents in High School
Authors: Kim Kyunghee , Kim Ji-Su , Kim Mi-Jin , Chaung Seung Kyo
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationship between self-concept, sensation seeking, and runaway experience among adolescents. Methods: The subjects were 1,102 adolescents in high school. Data was collected, using questionnaire survey based on convenience sampling. The data collected from March to April, 2006 were analyzed by the SPSS program, using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and t-test. Results: In the case of having runaway experience, general, class-fulfillment, family, and emotional self- concept were higher than in the case of not having such experience. In every lower arear, sensation seeking appeared to be higher with having runaway experience. Conclusions: The findings of study suggest that self-concept and sensation seeking associated with runaway experience, providing useful for developing an intervention program focused on adolescents subject to psycho-social problems.
Hassles in Caring Dementia Patients at Home:
From Family Caregivers 1 Perspectives
Authors: Kim Shinmi , Lee Yunjung , Yoo Soojung , Park Myungja
Published: September 2024

Purpose: A survey was performed to explore elements and level of hassles perceived by family caregivers in caring dementia patients at home. Methods: Study subjects were recruited from one home-visiting center and 110 caregivers were participated in the survey. Data were collected by a home visiting nurse utilizing semi-structured questionnaires developed by authors for two months. Results: Family caregivers reported hassles related to caregivers* factors, environmental factors, and dementia patients' factors in order. Top the most two difficult to deal with in caring dementia patients at home were financial deficit and physical health problems of caregivers', which suggested a lot to researchers and clinical experts, since more attention has been directed toward dementia patients rather than their family caregivers in the effort to help caregivers. Conclusion: More attention and effort toward family caregivers are needed to facilitate their caregiving tasks and more researches are needed to establish feasible and practical ways to help family caregivers of dementia patients.
Analysis of Nursing Intervention Studies Published by the Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Using the NANDA, NIC, and NOC*
Authors: Lee Sujin , Lee Mihyoung
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the research trends of nursing intervention by analyzing of Nursing Studies using the NANDA, NIC, and NOC. Methods: The subjects were 72 intervention studies published by the Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing from 1992 to 2006. The data were analyzed by NANDA, NIC, and NOC. Results: Regarding the distribution of NANDA, NIC, and NOC, at the level of the NANDA domain, “role relatkmship” domain was largest, with a distribution of 29.0%, followed by “coping/stress tolerance” at 21.6% distribution; at the level of the NIC domain, “behavioral” domain was highest with a distribution of 73.8%, followed by 13.9% for “health system n at the level of the NOC domain, “psychosocial health” domain was largest with 49.9%, followed by "perceived health" at 14.9% distribution. Conclusion: The “role relationship”, “behavioral”, and "psychosocial health , ^ domains of the NANDA, NIC, and NOC were the largest domains, respectively.
Burden and Social Support of Informal Caregivers for Cancer Patients in Postoperative State
Authors: Cho Eun Ju , Oh Kyong Ok
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was to investigate the relationship of burden and social support of informal caregivers for cancer patients in the postoperative state. Methods: The subjects consisted of 103 informal caregivers caring for cancer patients. Data was collected from October 5, 2004 to January 21, 2005. The instruments used for the study were the Burden Scale developed by Zarit et al. and modified by Seo and Oh; and the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire developed by Norbeck. Results: Burden had a mean score of 64.67, and social support had a mean score of 304.12. The informal caregiver's burden was significantly related to the caregiver's educational level, personal health status, income, expectation of patient's disease status, and expectation of patient's prognosis. The informal caregiver's social support was significantly related to a close relationship with the patient. There wasn't a significant relationship between the informal caregiver's burden and social support. Conclusion: The results suggest a need to develop a nursing program to reduce the burden on informal caregivers for cancer patients.
Communication Style, Self Efficacy, Emotional Regulation, and Ways of Coping among Nursing Students
Authors: Han Kuem Sun , Park Young Joo , Kim Kyeun Myun , Oh Yoen Jae , Jin Jong Hee , Kang Hyun Cheol
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among communication style, self efficacy, emotional regulation, and ways of coping in nursing students. Methods: Data was collected by questionnaires from 182 nursing students in a university in Seoul, Korea. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The score of tell communication style (self disclosure) showed significantly positive correlations with the score of self efficacy (r=.44, p=.000), emotion regulation-active type (r=.36, p=.000), support-seek type (r=.37, p=.000), active cognitive coping (r=.49, p=.000), and active behavioral coping (r=.36, p=.000). The ask communication style (feedback solicitation) showed significantly positive correlations with the score of self efficacy (r=.38, p=.000), emotion regulation-active type (r=.33, p=.000), support-seek type (r=.36, p=.000), active cognitive coping (r=.41, p=.000), and active behavioral coping (r=.34, p=.000). There was a positive correlation between emotion regulation and active cognitive coping (r=.45, p=.000), and active behavioral coping (r=.36, p=.000).Conclusion: This study showed that communication styles significantly correlate with self efficacy, emotion regulation, and active coping ways among nursing students.
Effects of Neurofeedback and Cranio-Sacral Therapy on Fatigue and the Stress Resistance in Korean Middle Aged Women
Authors: Lee Jung Eun , Chae Myung Sin , Hyun Kyung Sun , Park Pyung Woon
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study's purpose was to identify the effects of neurofeedback(NF), cranio-sacral therapy (CST), and mixed therapy(NF+CST) on reducing fatigue and increasing stress resistance. Methods: There were 71 middle-aged women in this study(17 in the NF group, 17 in the CST group, 19 in the mixed group, and 18 in the control group). It was designed as a non-equivalent control pre-test/post-test study. The experimental treatments were NF training(30 minutes per session, 3 times a week, for a total of 30 treatments in 10 weeks), CST(60 minutes per session, once a week, for a total of 10 treatments in 10 weeks), and Mixed Therapy. The effects of treatments were measured as an attention quotient for the degree of fatigue and an anti-stress quotient for the stress symptoms. The data was analyzed by SPSS Win 13.0. Results: Fatigue levels decreased and stress resistance increased significantly in the experimental groups after the NF, CST, and Mixed Therapy. Conclusion: NF, CST, and mixed therapy showed positive effects on reducing fatigue and increasing stress resistance in middle aged women.Therefore, these alternative therapy programs have great potential to be effective nursing interventions for Korean middle aged women.
A Survey on Alcohol Use of Workers
Authors: Lee Hae Kyung , Lee Kye-Hee
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate alcohol use of workers and provide basic data for an effective temperance-related program for the improvement of health of workers. Methods: Data was collected from 879 workers living in Daegu, from October 1 to October 31, 2007 by a questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: The score of AUDIT-K was 10.71 and the ratio above 12 was 45.1%. The score of AUDIT-K was statistically and significantly different according to sex(p=.000), occupational type(p=.000), and starting age of drinking(p=.000). As for the frequency of drinking, 48.4% of workers responded 2 to 4 times per month. For the amount of drinking, 41.1% of male workers responded above 10 glasses each time. 38.7% experienced drinking-related problem and 72.5% reported that alcohol-related programs are needed. They request program contents such as the following: drinking culture of workers(18.5%), stress management skills(17.3%), alcohol effects on the body(16.8%) and method of refusal to drink(12.5%). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop an effective temperance-related program considering influencing factors such as sex, occupation and starting age of drinking and to arrange a strategy to increase participation in the program.
The Effect of Meditation Programs on Stress Responses, Anxiety, and Self-Esteem in Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Jang Sun Joo , Hah Yang Sook
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of meditation programs on stress responses, anxiety, and self-esteem in psychiatric patients. After the meditation treatment, the experimental group will report a higher degree of decreased Symptoms of Stress(SOS) scores than the control group. The experimental group will report a higher degree of decreased Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI) scores than the control group.In addition, the experimental group will report a higher degree of increased Rosenberg scale scores than the control group. Methods: Seventeen patients were recruited and were treated with 6 sessions of a meditation program as well as 17 sex-matched control patients. Stress responses were measured using SOS and all subjects performed BAI, the Rosenberg scale and the visual analogue scale. Results: Compared with the control patients, patients receiving meditation treatment did not show significant reduction in scores of SOS(U = 137.500, p = .812), BAI(U = 126.500, p = .540) or SOS subscales. There was no significant increase of self-esteem(U = 112.500, p = .274) in the meditation treatment group.Conclusion: This study suggests that meditation programs may be therapeutic by reducing stress responses including psychological and physiological aspects even though there was no statistical significance.
Factors Influencing Sexual Attitude Change through Sex Education in Middle School Students
Authors: Kim Eun-Ju
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing sexual attitude changes through sex education in middle school students. Methods: The subjects were 134 students(62 boys and 72 girls) in 4 classes of the first grade in a coeducational middle school in Seoul. Sex education was implemented over 18 hours during 16 weeks by the school nurse. Results: After sex education, there were significant positive elevations in sexual attitude in both boys and girls. Having a good relationship with parents was a significant factor in boys' and girts' sexual attitude change. In addition, the boys' relationships with juvenile delinquents was a significant factor in sexual attitude change. For the girls, their parents' openness and self-esteem were significant factors. Conclusion: Based on these results, systematic sex education is needed to enhance correct sexual attitudes in youth. To elevate the effect on sex education, it should include contents to gain a better relationship with patents. Also, for a positive sexual attitude, encouraging boys not to make friends with juvenile delinquents, and enhancing self-esteem for the girls needs to be done.
A Study on PTSD, Depression, Anger, and Suicidal Ideation in Victimized Community Residences after 仕re Hebei Spirit Oil Spill
Authors: Sohn Jung Nam
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD), depression, anger, and suicidal ideation experienced by people who were impacted by the Hebei Spirit oil spill. This information was required for basic data in order to facilitate a design for an appropriate intervention program. Methods: The data was obtained from July 7 to August 1 from a target population in area by dispropositional stratified samples according to 100:1-100:4. Data was collected from 1197 residences in T area. The data was analysed using the SPSS/WIN program. Results: 23.1% of the respondents were in a PTSD risk group, 24.4% were in a depression risk group, 2.9% were in a suicidal ideation risk group, 8.9% had a suicidal ideation in the last 6 months, and 2.4% attempted suicide in the last 6 months. The average score for PTSD, depression, and anger were significantly different by the severity of the impact of the oil spill. The average score for PTSD, depression, and anger were significantly different by suicidal ideation and attempting suicide. 17% of respondents were in both the PTSD and depression risk group, 13.4% were in only one risk group, and 69.6% were in no risk group. Conclusion: The finding of this study has implications for development of an intervention program to mitigate the chronic mental health problem in a technical disaster.
The Effect of Korean Traditional Plays on the Emotions, Interpersonal Relations, and Self-Esteem of Persons with Schizophrenia
Authors: Wie Hwee
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a Korean Traditional Play Program (KTPP) on the emotions, interpersonal relations, and self-esteem of persons with schizophrenia. Methods: The study adopted a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest. Subjects were schizophrenics who were at a psychiatric institute in H-Gun J-Do, Korea. They were divided into the control group (20) and experimental group (23). The program was con ducted twice a week for 14 times. Data was collected using an Emotional Expressivity Scale (EES), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Relationship Change Scale (RCS), and Self-Esteem Scale (SES). Results: The scores of emotional expression, interpersonal relation, and self-esteem increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The result of this study shows that a KTPP had a positive impact on persons with schizophrenia. Therefore, it is suggested that the program could be used as an effective nursing intervention for Korean persons with schizophrenia.
The Effects of Self-Disclosure and Rational-Emotive Training on Communication Ability, Stress Coping Behavior, and Self-Efficacy of Nursing Students
Authors: Choi Yeon-Ja , Lee Gyoung-Wan , Jung Chun-Hwa , Lee Ae-Ran
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-disclosure and rational emotive training on nursing student's communication ability, stress, coping behavior, and self-efficacy. Methods: A quasi-experimental research of a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects were 107 nursing students attending W college in I city (experimental group = 56. contrd group = 51). Data was collected from March. 2008 to October. 2008. The experimental group received self-disclosure and rational emotive training once a week for 60 minutes for 3 weeks. Results: The scores of communication ability, active stress coping style, and self-efficacy were significantly increased after self-disdosure and rational emotive training in the experimental group. Conclusion: Self disclosure and rational emotive training showed positive effects on improving communication ability, active stress coping behaviors, and self-efficacy. Therefore, we reconmend this training be utilized as an effective self-expression method for interpersonal relationships among nursing students.
The Influence of Ego-Resilience on Critical Thinking Dispositions, Learning Styles, and Academic Adjustment in Nursing Students
Authors: Park Wan Ju
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ego-resilience significantly predicted critical thinking dispositions, learning styles, and academic adjustment among college students. Methods: The data was collected from Dec. 16,2008 to Feb. 10,2009. The subjects were 548 college students in 6 cities in Korea. To determine the most effective variable of ego-resilience to critical thinking dispositions, learning styles, and academic adjustment, data was analyzed by canonical correlation using SAS 9.1 TS. Results: Canonical correlation analysis revealed that the confidence among 4 sub-domains of ego-resilience made the most outstanding contribution in predicting disposition of critical thinking. An optimistic attitude was the most outstanding contribution in predicting both learning styles and academic adjustment. Conclusion: The results suggest that the development of ego-resilience for undergraduate students is important for improving disposition of critical thinking, a positive learning style, and academic adjustment.Especially confidence and optimistic attitudes should be included in structuring the nursing education system.
A Review Study on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing as a Psychiatric Nursing Intervention
Authors: Lee Kwang-Ja , Song Eun-Ju , Yu Han-Young , Choi Won-Choi , Choi Nam-Young , Jung Chun Wha
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was carried out to introduce an intervention of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and to analyze national and foreign studies addressing it. Methods: The theoretical background and history of EMDR was researched through a book of Dr. Shapiro and a search of foreign studies using 'EMDR', 'EMD' and 'eye movement desensitization and reprocessing' as a search word in MEDLINE, PUBMED, and CINAHL. Results: EMDR is an intervention widely used in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A total of 147 foreign studies were searched from 1990 to July 2009, but only 10 Korean studies were searched. EMDR continues to be studied actively in the field of nursing, medicine, and psychology in foreign countries and Korea. Conclusion: This study was intended to introduce a new EMDR as a nursing intervention to national psychiatric nurses and help in the development of professional and personal nursing interventions.
Effects of a Self-esteem Promotion Program on Self-esteem and Meaning of Life among Female Freshmen
Authors: Kim Gyung Hee , Kim Kye Ha
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in self-esteem and the meaning of life among female freshmen after a 10 week self-esteem promotion program. Methods: This study was carried out between June and August, 2007. Subjects consisted of 61 freshmen from two colleges in S city; 32 for the experimental group and 29 for the control group. The experimental group participated in a 50 minute self-esteem promotion program for 10 sessions (10 week period). Self-esteem was measured by the Rosenberg's self-esteem scale. Purpose-in life test was used to measure the level of meaning of life. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program that included chi-square test and independent t-test. Results: This study showed that self-esteem and meaning of life were signifi cantly increased after the self-esteem promotion program. Conclusion: In conclusion, this self-esteem promotion program was effective on improving self-esteem and meaning of life among female freshmen.
The negative aspects of the aesthetic training industry
Authors: Knight Dawn , Cooper Zoe
Published: September 2024

The JCCP highlights three significant issues of concern relating to the dangers of unrestricted practitioners applying BBL procedures and the use of Kenalog Injectable procedures
Doing PAXY Things: Swedish 3rd-Grade Students’ Feelings and Attitudes Towards Participation in the PAX Good Behavior Game
Authors: Hübinette Emma , Udén Stina , Nilsson Gustav , Schad Elinor
Published: September 2024

The PAX Good Behavior Game (PAX-GBG) is a school-based intervention shown to enhance student self-regulation, encourage prosocial behavior, and curb challenging behaviors. However, little is understood about students’ perspectives on the intervention. In this study, we conducted a survey and semi-structured interviews with 3rd-grade students in Sweden to examine their feelings and attitudes towards PAX-GBG. Thematic analysis revealed five themes: ‘enjoying our PAX-classroom’, ‘I can do this’, ‘it’s tough (sometimes)’, ‘making sense’, and ‘grease for the wheels’. Survey results showed mostly positive feelings towards PAX-GBG activities. Overall, the participants displayed positive attitudes towards PAX-GBG, indicating its appreciation and suitability for students. Moreover, many found the intervention effective in fostering appropriate behaviors and deterring inappropriate ones, consistent with previous quantitative studies.
Performance-Based Accountability: Examining Turkish Teachers’ Perceptions Regarding the Implementation of Large-Scale Assessment
Authors: Cobanoglu Fatma
Published: September 2024

This study, designed as a basic qualitative research, aims to evaluate the perspectives of Turkish teachers regarding the nationally implemented large-scale assessments in specific subjects. By employing purposive sampling methods, particularly maximum variation sampling, 14 teachers with different seniorities and branches from various high schools were included in the research. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher. Through the application of descriptive analysis, it was found that teachers viewed these assessments more as a preparation for changes in the higher education transition system and as a tool for achieving standardization across the country rather than as an accountability policy instrument. Despite the low-stakes nature of this assessment, it was observed that teachers exhibited responses like those documented in the literature for high-stakes accountability. Additionally, it was found that teachers prepared students for the exams primarily through practice exercises and experienced anxiety before the exams due to the limitation of their autonomy and the comparison of their students and themselves. Furthermore, most participants believed that the assessment results were not effective in determining students' learning, primarily held the students accountable for the results, and considered such assessments as a source of stress. Based on the findings, recommendations were made for practitioners and researchers.
KARS MEZAR TAŞI SÖZLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Kotancı Aykut Yaşar
Published: September 2024

Ölen kişilerin kimliklerinin bilinmesi ve mezarlarının kaybolmaması amacıyla yaptırılan mezar taşları yalnızca kişilere dair bilgiler içermezler. Kimi zaman kişilerin ölüm nedenlerine dair bilgiler içeren mezar taşları aynı zamanda ölümün eşlikçisi olan duyguların ifade edildikleri birer tarihi vesikaya dönüşürler. Mezar taşlarında yer alan ifadelerden, ölen kişinin sosyal konumu, yaşarken kendisi için öncelik arz eden durumlar, mesleği, hangi ekonomik şartlarda hayat sürdüğü gibi bilgilere ulaşılabilir. Ayrıca geride kalanlar tarafından ölen kişinin ardından dile getirilen duyguların ifade ediliş şekilleri ise gerek kendilerinin gerekse ölen kişinin hayatı ve ölümü nasıl anlamlandırdıklarına dair bilgiler verir. Bu bağlamda incelenen ve Kars şehir merkezindeki mezarlıklarda yer alan mezar taşlarına bakıldığında dünya hayatının geçiciliği ve baki olanın ahiret hayatı olduğunu ön plana çıkaran ifadeler ile birlikte ayrılık acısından doğan derin bir özlem ve mutlak bir kavuşmanın arzulandığı genellikle düzyazı şeklinde olmasına karşın yer yer şiir şeklindeki mezar taşı yazılarının varlıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca şehrin kültürel ve etnografik yapısı göz önünde bulundurularak zengin bir örnekleme sahip olan mezar taşı yazılarının sosyolojik, psikolojik, ekonomik ve/veya kültürel açılardan yapılması muhtemel farklı çalışmalara kaynaklık edebilecek sayı ve seviyede oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Complexity in interpreting cardiac valve-associated thrombus from tumors in Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Authors: Bharathi Sainath Prasanna , Ramaiyan Velmurugan
Published: September 2024

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a well-defined autosomal dominant predisposition syndrome due to TP53 germline mutation that causes many cancer malignancies. This early-onset syndrome poses a state of widespread malignancy. Such an inherited condition possessing defective p53, guardian of the genome, in the germline has the potential to cause multiple cancers by predominantly affecting mesenchyme (connective tissues, blood cells), breast, brain, and adrenal cortex organs. The tumors initially identified in LFS can eventually propagate to cause secondary malignancies. LFS contributes to multiple cancers in individuals with defective p53 inheritance. When suspected to possess any mass, patients with other co-morbidities, in particular those with certain cardiovascular conditions, undergo screening using high-throughput techniques like transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography or cardiothoracic magnetic resonance imaging to locate and interpret the size of the mass. In LFS cases, it is certain to presume these masses as cancers and plan their management employing invasive surgeries after performing all efficient diagnostic tools. There are only poor predictions to rule out the chances of any other pathology. This criterion emphasizes the necessity to speculate alternative precision diagnostic methods to affirm such new growth or masses encountered in LFS cases. Moreover, it has all the possibilities to ultimately influence surgical procedures that may be invasive or complicate operative prognosis. Hence, it is essential to strategize an ideal protocol to diagnose any new unexplored mass in the LFS community. In this editorial, we discuss the importance of diagnostic approaches on naïve pristine masses in LFS.
Recent developments in immunotherapy approaches for allergic rhinitis
Authors: Fu Yu , Song Yi-Lai , Liu Zhong-Guo
Published: September 2024

Allergic rhinitis (AR) poses a significant global health burden, with the potential to progress to asthma, thereby impacting patients’ quality of life. Immunotherapy has demonstrated effectiveness in mitigating clinical symptoms by altering the underlying disease mechanisms of AR. This article provides a thorough review of the current state of immunotherapy for AR, encompassing various facets of immunotherapeutic strategies, elucidating their mechanisms and clinical implications. By presenting a nuanced understanding of the present landscape of immunotherapy for AR, this review aims to serve as a valuable reference for informing clinical treatment strategies. The subsequent analysis of diverse immunotherapeutic pathways offers a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms and clinical implications. A meticulous examination is conducted on subcutaneous immunotherapy, sublingual immunotherapy, oral immunotherapy, intralymphatic immunotherapy, and innovative intravenous gold-induced autologous serum injection therapy. Each pathway is systematically elucidated, with its distinctive features and potential contributions to managing AR emphasized. In conclusion, synthesizing epidemiological insights, immunotherapeutic nuances, and pathway-specific analyses encapsulates a profound understanding of immunotherapy for AR.
Delayed postpancreatectomy hemorrhage as the role of endovascular approach: Four case reports
Authors: Petrovic Igor , Romic Ivan , Alduk Ana M , Ticinovic Nino , Koltay Oliver M , Brekalo Klara , Bogut Ante
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic resection is still associated with high morbidity rates and delayed postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) is the most feared complication as it may lead to hemorrhagic shock or serious septic complications. Today, endovascular approach represent safe and efficient method for minimally invasive management of extraluminal PPH.

CASE SUMMARY

We describe four patients whose postoperative recovery after pancreatic resection was complicated by postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and visceral artery hemorrhage. In all cases endovascular approach was utilized and it resulted in satisfactory outcomes. We discuss modern diagnostic and therapeutic approach in this clinical scenario.

CONCLUSION

PPH is relatively uncommon, but it is a leading cause of surgical mortality after pancreatic surgery. Careful monitoring and meticulous follow-up are required for all patients post-operatively, especially in the case of confirmed POPF, which is the most significant risk factor for the development of a PPH. Angiography as a diagnostic and therapeutic method may be an optimal first-line treatment for the management of delayed PPHs. In our experience, endovascular treatment for hemorrhagic complications of pancreatic resections has shown satisfactory results.
Decolonizing and Producing Working-class Theatre in Pakistan: The Poetics and Politics of Sangat Theatre’s Chog Kusumbhey Di (Picking Safflower)
Authors: Abbas Qaisar
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This article aims to map out the features of political theatre in the contemporary post-colonial society of Pakistan, with a focus on the first two decades of the twenty-first century. Though there were some sporadic developments in the earlier period, a relatively organized political theatre movement, with its ideological underpinnings within the leftist project, started in the 1980s as a response to General Zal ul Haq’s dictatorship. However, it lost its resistive fervor and performative activism due to the neo-liberalization of theatre under NGO projects. The pioneering companies of this movement in Punjab, namely Ajoka (1983) and Punjab Lok Rahs (1986), started working on the development projects of national and international donors. Their politics of resistance against the local and international dictatorial and imperialist regimes transformed into the neoliberal politics of rights, justice and advocacy, dictated by the hegemonic agendas of Western corporations, imperialist governments and think tanks of the Global North (Abbas 2023:360). This phenomenon occurred with almost all theatre companies of the 1980s in Lahore. In this context, the question arises of whether political theatre is possible in contemporary Pakistan, and if so, in what form. This article explores this question by examining the case of Sangat Theatre in order to draw a picture of an alternative aesthetic reality for political theatre that exists outside the realm of NGO influence. At the same time, by focusing on certain decolonial approaches in theatre-making and performance, the article helps to decolonize theatre scholarship and offers an understanding of working-class theatre production in a postcolonial reality.
Inventing the Tradition: Hybrid Gudianwu Training and Ambiguous Chineseness
Authors: Cui Ziying
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Chinese dance pioneers have experimented with creating a national dance form, Zhongguo gudianwu 中国古典舞 (Chinese classical dance), to promote Chinese national and cultural identity. In the 1950s, dance pioneers drew upon the training method of Soviet ballet and movements from xiqu 戏曲 (traditional Chinese theatre) to institutionalize a gudianwu training system at Beijing Dance School. While the practice of gudianwu was paused during the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), since the 1980s the school’s gudianwu pioneers aimed at reviving the national dance form to restore unique Chinese characteristics. As an invented tradition, however, the hybridity between ballet and Chinese traditional performances challenges the essentialist Chineseness and reveals gudianwu as postcolonial modernity.
Understanding Reality Through Science Fiction and Digitalization: The Hybrid Theatrical Space in Sun Xiaoxing’s Rhinoceros (2020)
Authors: Li Jasmine Yueming
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This essay looks into theatre director Sun Xiaoxing’s play Rhinoceros (2020) to explore the reflective potentials of theatre at historical moments of uncertainty with the facilitation of technology. An adaptation of Eugène Ionesco’s Rhinoceros (1959), Sun’s Rhinoceros inherits the discursive power of the original script as the latter circulates across time and space. Through the use of digital technology, this contemporary Chinese adaptation particularly carves out a hybrid theatrical space that represents the “mediated presence” of the audience. As this “mediated presence” engages surreal elements to mediate the representation of reality, it utters the historical moment of “post-truth.” Such theatrical theory and practice of the “re-theatre” redefines the idea of liveness, reinventing the audience as active audience-actors and making the virtual realm a new proscenium stage that penetrates the boundaries between onstage and offstage.
Muddled Roads to Establishing the Institute for Contemporary History: An Update
Authors: Brechtken Magnus
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The motives behind, and decisive steps leading to, the founding of the Institute for Contemporary History must be reevaluated in light of a broader and deeper analysis of the relevant sources. The institute came into being as the result of the desire for enlightenment and a coming to terms with the past on the part of politicians and politically engaged civil servants. They were convinced of the necessity of creating a research institution that was as independent as possible from the feudalism of university-based history departments and the ideological influence of existing historical institutions. The founding of the new institute thus inevitably generated disagreement over its mission and personnel. The question of funding was also a source of controversy for many years and was finally resolved through an act of political will.
Research in the Service of the Law: Martin Broszat and the Compensation of Jewish Holocaust Survivors from Romania, 1955–65
Authors: Fisher Gaëlle
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The compensation of hundreds of thousands of survivors of the Holocaust by the Federal Republic of Germany was an unprecedented, complex, and controversial legal process. In the early 1950s, the question of who should be held responsible for the persecution of the Jews in the territory under Romanian control during the war developed into a major area of dispute among survivors, their representatives, and West German compensation authorities. In this context, historical experts, including historians from the Institute for Contemporary History—first and foremost Martin Broszat—came to play an instrumental role in decisions about compensation claims. While focusing on the case of Romania, Gaëlle Fisher's article explores a wider set of tensions between the writing of history and the application of law.
Scholarship versus Apologia: The Institute for Contemporary History and the Zeitgeschichtliche Forschungsstelle Ingolstadt
Authors: Fischer Moritz , Schlemmer Thomas
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The Zeitgeschichtliche Forschungsstelle Ingolstadt (ZFI—Contemporary History Research Center Ingolstadt) has been mostly forgotten, even though it continues to serve as an important trendsetter in the field of apologetic historical revisionism. Founded in 1981 on the initiative of Alfred Schickel and Hellmut Diwald, the ZFI understood itself as the counter-project to the Institute for Contemporary History (IfZ), which as a bastion of an allegedly politically motivated historiography, stood in the way of a German identity unencumbered by the shadow of the Nazi past. Based on sources analyzed for the first time, Moritz Fischer and Thomas Schlemmer provide insights into the inner workings of the ZFI, trace its conflicts with established institutions such as the IfZ and the Bundesarchiv (Federal Archives), and explain why the ZFI was able to become an important element in the "spectrum bridging conservatism and right-wing extremism" (Armin Pfahl-Traughber) during the 1980s.
The Institute for Contemporary History and the Fake Hitler Diaries Affair, 1982–83
Authors: Kutzner Maximilian
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The publication of the fake Hitler diaries in April 1983 resulted in intense discussions among historians in West Germany and abroad, with many asking whether the diaries could actually be genuine. Even before publication, the Institute for Contemporary History (IfZ) had been in contact with the main protagonists of the eventual scandal. In the period between the announcement of the supposed discovery and the uncovering of the forgery, complex processes of self-positioning occurred within the IfZ's leadership. Documents from the IfZ archives reveal that the forged diaries also became a touchstone for the societal role of contemporary history and its leading representatives.
Socialist Environmental Holism in the Soviet Arctic and the Plains of Hungary
Authors: Bruno Andy , Pál Viktor
Published: September 2024

SUMMARY: Recent environmental history scholarship has suggested that a distinctive environmental orientation existed in the state-socialist countries of Eastern Europe. Scholars working on countries ranging from Czechoslovakia and East Germany to Hungary and the Soviet Union have reevaluated the uniformly negative environmental assessments of state-socialist countries and have begun to focus on a more complicated common feature. In numerous state-socialist countries of the twentieth century, experts and politicians put forward a "holistic" disposition that sought to negotiate the complex interconnectedness of nature and society and balance economy and ecology. Despite the growing number of scholarly works that evoke a type of environmental holism in the state-socialist countries of Europe and Northern Eurasia, little work has been done to assess the similarities and variations of this holistic impulse. To help advance the scholarly conversation about environmental holism under state socialism, this article analyzes developments on the Kola Peninsula in the USSR and on the plains of Hungary. In doing so, it explores how the Soviets and Hungarians aimed to harmonize human relationships with the rest of nature and helps further establish socialist environmental holism as a main distinguishing trait in the environmental history of twentieth-century communism. Резюме: В недавнее время исследователи высказали предположение о существовании особой экологической ориентации в восточноевропейских странах социалистического лагеря – от Чехословакии и Восточной Германии до Венгрии и СССР. Отходя от прежней однозначно негативной оценки состояния окружающей среды в соцстранах, историки обратили внимание на более сложный фактор, характерный для этих обществ. Речь идет о "холистской" установке, сформулированной в XX веке экспертами и политиками соцстран, призванной отразить сложную взаимосвязь природы и общества и сбалансировать экономику и экологию. Число исследований этого "экологического холизма" в странах социалистического лагеря Европы и Северной Евразии растет, однако до сих пор было сделано недостаточно для осмысления сходства и отличий местных проявлений этого феномена. Внося вклад в решение этой задачи, статья анализирует экологическую динамику на Кольском полуострове в СССР и на равнинах Венгрии. Параллельно прослеживается стремление властей соцстран гармонизировать социальные отношения с природой. Тем самым статья подчеркивает роль социалистического экологического холизма как центрального сюжета экологической истории коммунизма в ХХ веке.
Digital Holocaust Memory from the Margins: Practices, Places, and Narratives
Authors: Mikel-Arieli Roni , Musih Norma , Feldman Jackie
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: In recent years, the "digital" is redefining Holocaust memory by facilitating the co-production of memory by a wide spectrum of new agents. While digital culture opens new horizons, it also poses new challenges for Holocaust memory, education, and commemoration. This introduction to the special section "Digital Holocaust Memory from the Margins" provides a short review of the papers included in this section and a theoretical anchor for reconsidering the memory of the Holocaust from the margins—from the Global South, from digital platforms that are not considered "proper places," and from discourses and technologies into which the memory of the Holocaust has migrated. These, we argue, can shed new light on the relationship between digital media and memory of the Holocaust.