bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cross-neutralizing antibody between HIV-1 and influenza virus
Authors: Lee Chang-Chun D. , Watanabe Yasunori , Wu Nicholas C. , Han Julianna , Kumar Sonu , Pholcharee Tossapol , Seabright Gemma E. , Allen Joel D. , Lin Chih-Wei , Yang Ji-Rong , Liu Ming-Tsan , Wu Chung-Yi , Ward Andrew B. , Crispin Max , Wilson Ian A.
Published: March 2021

Incessant antigenic evolution enables the persistence and spread of influenza virus in the human population. As the principal target of the immune response, the hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigen on influenza viruses continuously acquires and replaces N-linked glycosylation sites to shield immunogenic protein epitopes using host-derived glycans. Anti-glycan antibodies, such as 2G12, target the HIV-1 envelope protein (Env), which is even more extensively glycosylated and contains under-processed oligomannose-type clusters on its dense glycan shield. Here, we illustrate that 2G12 can also neutralize human seasonal influenza A H3N2 viruses that have evolved to present similar oligomannose-type clusters on their HAs from around 20 years after the 1968 pandemic. Using structural biology and mass spectrometric approaches, we find that two N-glycosylation sites close to the receptor binding site (RBS) on influenza hemagglutinin represent the oligomannose cluster recognized by 2G12. One of these glycan sites is highly conserved in all human H3N2 strains and the other emerged during virus evolution. These two N-glycosylation sites have also become crucial for fitness of recent H3N2 strains. These findings shed light on the evolution of the glycan shield on influenza virus and suggest 2G12-like antibodies can potentially act as broad neutralizers to target human enveloped viruses.
Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes
Authors: Mangold Colleen A. , Rathbun Molly M. , Renner Daniel W. , Kuny Chad V. , Szpara Moriah L.
Published: March 2021

Infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) occurs in over half the global population, causing recurrent orofacial and/or genital lesions. Individual strains of HSV-1 demonstrate differences in neurovirulence in vivo, suggesting that viral genetic differences may impact phenotype. Here differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells were infected with one of three HSV-1 strains known to differ in neurovirulence in vivo. Host and viral RNA were sequenced simultaneously, revealing strain-specific differences in both viral and host transcription in infected neurons. Neuronal morphology and immunofluorescence data highlight the pathological changes in neuronal cytoarchitecture induced by HSV-1 infection, which may reflect host transcriptional changes in pathways associated with adherens junctions, integrin signaling, and others. Comparison of viral protein levels in neurons and epithelial cells demonstrated that a number of differences were neuron-specific, suggesting that strain-to-strain variations in host and virus transcription are cell type-dependent. Together, these data demonstrate the importance of studying virus strain- and cell-type-specific factors that may contribute to neurovirulence in vivo, and highlight the specificity of HSV-1–host interactions.
Reform, revolution and reaction in the urban space of Madrid, de corte a checa (1938) by Agustín de Foxá
Authors: Zarco-Real Sonia
Published: March 2021

The first literary manifestations to emerge in the context of the Spanish Civil War endeavored to create a legitimizing discourse for each of two contending Spains, the National Spain and the Republican Spain, by means of poetic appropriation of urban spaces. Nevertheless, this was not a Spain divided only in two, between leftists and rightists or Socialists and Cedistas, but rather a territory comprised of many parallel wars sparked prior to 1936. According to historian Enrique Moradiellos, the nuclei of three disparate and opposing political agendas arose from the physical foundation of these two Spains, ‘the reformist-democratic, the reactionary-authoritarian and the revolutionary-collectivist [agendas] that responded to the same triad of models that emerged in Europe in the wake of the devastating impact of the Great War of 1914 and that competed to achieve political and institutional stabilization’ (2004: 125). This ‘reform, reaction and revolution’ triangle that acted as the protagonist of the Great War would also settle into the fratricidal spaces of Spain and its cultural products. In this context, my essay will analyse the mechanisms of appropriation of Madrid’s spaces employed by each of these three political agendas as they are presented in Madrid, de Corte a Checa (1938) by Agustín de Foxá. Following the map of the capital we will see how both, the agenda of a modern anti-traditional space driven by the Second Republic and the anti-bourgeois revolutionary agenda that stood for the destruction of the status quo and the implementation of a Communist Orthodox regime, present a threat to the conservative ideal that represented the monarcho-Catholic centralism of the third agenda. This threat is manifested in the dismantling of Madrid through the ‘de-Hispanicization’ (Foxá) of the mythical spaces of the sacred (churches and convents), historic (statues and palaces) and domestic (house interiors) cityscapes.
Sensing the (media) city
Authors: Notaro Anna
Published: March 2021

This article, originally delivered at the 16th international conference of the Architectural Humanities Research Association (University of Dundee, November 2019), seeks to engage with the ‘emotive’, ‘sensorial’ and ‘affective turn’, as defined by authors in the humanities, social and cultural studies in order to consider the emotional responses to the mediated experiences of place and to inquire into how individuals and collectives react to a changing sensory environment. It adopts a multi-disciplinary approach that blends historical, cultural and mediated dimensions of urban spaces and places while maintaining a focus on the kind of locative/interactive art which is less concerned with representation and more with radical construction, social engagement and communication. The purpose is to try and provide an answer to the question: what does ‘sensing the city’ exactly entail when the city’s form, as Baudelaire memorably put it, ‘changes faster than the human heart?’
La extracción de la piedra de la memoria. Una estética subalterna bajo el franquismo: el caso del cantero José Meijón
Authors: Labrador Méndez Germán
Published: March 2021

Este artículo presenta el caso del cantero José Meijón, un artista psiquiatrizado que, durante cincuenta años, produjo una fascinante obra en piedra alrededor de la villa de Marín (Pontevedra, Galicia). Su arte invisible es hoy un vibrante testimonio de la represión franquista en su localidad y de las problemáticas de la memoria de la Guerra Civil. Planteamos una reconstrucción de su corpus y una serie de estrategias de lectura de sus obras en relación con las transformaciones modernizadoras que experimentó su medio entre 1931 y 1980. Para ello, desplegaré la biografía y la leyenda oral del personaje, en relación con su obra, sobre el espacio social y cultural al que pertenecía, para desde allí plantear una estrategia de lectura orgánica que integre al tiempo biografía, historia, estética y espacio. A partir de ahí, ofrezco una breve historia política de las transformaciones en el territorio de Marín desde la Guerra Civil como marco general de comprensión del arte de Meijón. En la tercera sección, trataremos de poner su obra en diálogo con las tradiciones rupestres que cita y cuyos códigos actualiza en clave de vanguardia, como espacio de escritura memorial del rico universo político y religioso local (republicano, trabajador y protestante) destruido durante la Guerra Civil. Por último, me interesa plantear las tensiones que la obra de Meijón plantea con los llamados procesos de recuperación de la memoria histórica actuales.
Lastres de impunidad. Sombras de amnistía y espanto de victimarios en la España “democrática”
Authors: Izquierdo Martín Jesús
Published: March 2021

España experimentó una muy particular justicia transicional para la que la visibilidad de quienes fueron victimarios y de quienes sufrieron como víctimas fue prácticamente nula. No hubo ni justicia ni reparación de la memoria de las/os asesinadas/os. Se impuso desde el poder una memoria hegemónica que ocultaba a las víctimas, pero también a sus asesinos. Esta cultura memorial ha fijado unas reglas hasta nuestros días según las cuales no cabe pedir responsabilidades penales ni morales a los victimarios. Moralmente tampoco existe su arrepentimiento. La Ley de Amnistía de 1977 los ampara y no existe ninguna comisión de la verdad que señale a los asesinos de la dictadura, aunque no sean ya responsables penalmente. Muchos de esos victimarios son hoy en día espectros del pasado; ahora bien, cabe la posibilidad de que aparezcan en nuestra memoria como los “otros” negativos de nuestra tradición democrática.
La gestión anti-sociológica y tecno-experta de la pandemia del Covid-19
Authors: Martuccelli Danilo
Published: March 2021

El artículo propone un conjunto de reflexiones críticas sobre la gestión tecno-experta de la pandemia del covid-19. Apoyándose en las dos grandes estrategias espaciales de prevención puestas en práctica, los confinamientos y los distanciamientos, el texto no se interesa ni en los diferenciales de resultados obtenidos a nivel nacional, ni en las razones que llevaron a su implementación. Lo que se analiza son los presupuestos y los imaginarios sociales subyacentes a las decisiones tomadas, la homogeneidad de las medidas que fueron generalizadas con muy escasa atención hacia los contextos locales, y los ideales de sociabilidad que se movilizaron. Se destaca, sobre todo, la tensión entre lo presencial y lo virtual, entre una sociabilidad fundada en la interacción y una sociabilidad que tendencialmente se concibe desde la conectividad generalizada, y la manera en que ello rediseña potencialmente toda una nueva jerarquía social de oficios y de actividades. Es este conjunto dispar de imaginarios, tendencias y medidas que el artículo critica por su carácter anti-sociológico y descontextualizado
Identidad heredada. Presentación
Authors: De Marinis Pablo , Gatti Gabriel , Irazuzta Ignacio
Published: March 2021

Presentación de la nueva sección de la revista, "Identidad heredada"
Prevalence of coliform bacterial contamination in cat drinking water in households in Thailand
Authors: Srikullabutr Suttiporn , Sattasathuchana Panpicha , Kerdsin Anusak , Thengchaisri Naris
Published: March 2021

Background and Aim: Bacterial contamination of drinking water is a leading cause of gastrointestinal infections. Cats may be at risk of water contamination from feces due to poor sanitation and hygiene. The objectives of the present study were to (1) evaluate the prevalence of coliform bacteria in cat drinking water and (2) identify possible risk factors leading to contamination.

Materials and Methods: Fifty-five drinking water samples were collected from water containers used by cats (median age [range]: 5 years [8 months-15 years]) at their home. Using a sterile syringe, 50 mL water was collected directly from water containers. The water samples were stored in coliform enhancement media for 24 h and then submitted for bacterial culture.

Results: The prevalence of fecal coliform contamination of cat drinking water was 67.27% (37/55; 95% confidence interval: 53.29-79.32%). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of coliform bacterial contamination of drinking water by age or gender of the cat or by water container type. However, bacterial contamination differed significantly between shorthaired cats and longhaired cats when comparing Escherichia coli (9/44 [20.45%] vs. 8/11 [72.72%], p<0.001) and Enterobacter spp. (16/44 [36.36%] vs. 9/11 [81.82%], p=0.007). For water that had been in a container longer than 12 h, there were significantly more contaminated tap water samples (16/19 [84.21%]) than contaminated processed water samples (9/17 [52.94%], p=0.047).

Conclusion: Coliform contamination in cat drinking water is common and occurs more often in households with longhaired cats. Drinking water for cats should be changed every 12 h, especially for households using tap water.
Locally invariant analysis of forest road quality using two different pulse density airborne laser scanning datasets
Authors: Waga Katalin , Malinen Jukka , Tokola Timo
Published: March 2021

Two different pulse density airborne laser scanning datasets were used to develop a quality assessment methodology to determine how airborne laser scanning derived variables with the use of reference surface can determine forest road quality. The concept of a reference DEM (Digital Elevation Model) was used to guarantee locally invariant topographic analysis of road roughness. Structural condition, surface wear and flatness were assessed at two test sites in Eastern Finland, calculating surface indices with and without the reference DEM. The high pulse density dataset (12 pulses m) gave better classification results (77% accuracy of the correctly classified road sections) than the low pulse density dataset (1 pulse m). The use of a reference DEM increased the precision of the road quality classification with the low pulse density dataset when the classification was performed in two-steps. Four interpolation techniques (Inverse Weighted Distance, Kriging, Natural Neighbour and Spline) were compared, and spline interpolation provided the best classification. The work shows that applying a spline reference DEM it is possible to identify 66% of the poor quality road sections and 78% of the good ones. Locating these roads is essential for road maintenance.â2â2
A Comparison of Mortality and Morbidity Between Complex and Degenerative Spine Surgery in Prospectively Collected Data From 2,280 Procedures
Authors: Solumsmoen Stian , Bari Tanvir Johanning , Woldu Sarah , Zielinski Oliver Bremerskov , Gehrchen Martin , Dahl Benny , Bech-Azeddine Rachid
Published: March 2021

Objective: The reported incidence of complications and/or adverse events (AEs) following spine surgery varies greatly. A validated, systematic, reproducible reporting system to quantify AEs was used in 2 prospective cohorts, from 2 spine surgery centers, conducting either complex or purely degenerative spine surgery; in a comparative fashion. The aim was to highlight the differences between 2 distinctly different prospective cohorts with patients from the same background population.Methods: AEs were registered according to the predefined AE variables in the SAVES (Spine AdVerse Events Severity) system which was used to record all intra- and perioperative AEs. Additional outcomes, including mortality, length of stay, wound infection requiring revision, readmission, and unplanned revision surgery during the index admission, were also registered.Results: A total of 593 complex and 1,687 degenerative procedures were consecutively included with 100% data completion. There was a significant difference in morbidity when comparing the total number of AEs between the 2 groups (p < 0.001): with a mean number of 1.42 AEs per patient (n = 845) in the complex cohort, and 0.97 AEs per patient (n = 1,630) in the degenerative cohort.Conclusion: In this prospective study comparing 2 cohorts, we report the rates of AEs related to spine surgery using a validated reproducible grading system for registration. The rates of morbidity and mortality were significantly higher following complex spine surgery compared to surgery for degenerative spine disease.
Az intellektuális tőke mérésének és értékelésének egyes kérdései
Authors: Jónás Tamás , Kövesi János , Tóth Zsuzsanna Eszter
Published: March 2021

Az intellektuálistőke-elemek azonosításával, azok mérésével és értékelésével kapcsolatos kérdésekkel és a kérdések megválaszolásával foglalkozó empirikus kutatások eredményeinek bemutatásával egyre gyakrabban találkozunk a menedzsment-szakirodalomban. Az intellektuális tőke mutatószámrendszerrel történő mérésekor fellépő bizonytalanságok és torzító hatások azonosítása és elfogadása alapján olyan megközelítést kívánnak a szerzők bemutatni, amely a mérés és értékelés különválasztására épül. Kulcskérdés, hogy az intellektuális tőke a szervezet céljaihoz milyen mértékben tud hozzájárulni, azokat hogyan és milyen mértékben képes szolgálni. E hozzájárulási képesség mértékének megadása egyrészt az intellektuális tőke értékelését, másrészt a szervezet szempontjából tekintett hasznosságának meghatározását jelenti. Az intellektuális tőke mutatószámrendszerrel történő mérésekor annak különböző összetevőit más és más indikátorokkal és különböző skálákon mérik. A cikkben bemutatott értékelési eljárást minden egyes összetevőre alkalmazva olyan függvényeket kaptak a szerzők, melyek mindegyikének azonos az értékkészlete. Ez lehetővé teszi az egyes intellektuálistőke-összetevők aggregálását függetlenül attól, hogy az egyes összetevőket milyen mutatókkal és milyen skálán mérték. Megközelítésükkel hidat is kívánnak képezni a pénzügyi és nem pénzügyi értékelési módszerek között, hiszen megadják annak a lehetőségét, hogy az intellektuális tőke egyes összetevőit pénzben mérjék, majd az értéket reprezentáló pénzérték hasznosságát kifejezzék.
A vállalati reputációs tőke megóvása krízis idején
Authors: Marcsa Attila
Published: March 2021

A vállalatok egyetlen pillanatra sem engedhetik meg maguknak, hogy figyelmen kívül hagyják a tevékenységükkel kapcsolatos, éppen aktuális társadalmi, közösségi elvárásokat: folyamatosan tisztában kell lenniük a legfontosabb csoportok – különösen az alkalmazottak, a befektetők, a beszállítók, az ügyfelek és a helyi közösségek – elvárásaival. Hosszú távon ez kifizetődik, mivel a pozitív reputáció számtalan előnnyel jár: tekintély az üzleti tárgyalások során és a szerződéskötéskor, alacsonyabb reklámköltség, sikeres szövetségek, nagyobb alkalmazotti lojalitás, nagyobb mozgástér a döntéshozatalban, a botrányokkal és a válságokkal szembeni immunitás. A szerző írásában az elmúlt harminc év négy híres vállalati krízisét (a Johnson & Johnson 1982-es Tylenol-visszahívását, a Perrier 1990-es ún. benzolkrízisét, a Pepsi-Cola 1993- as esetét az injekciós tűkkel és a Bridgestone/Firestone 2000. évi gumiabroncs-visszahívását) elemzi, majd – rendszerezve a tanulságokat – rögzíti azokat a legfontosabb alapelveket és teendőket, amelyek segítségével krízis idején is megóvható a vállalati reputációs tőke.
Water/Heavy Fuel Oil Emulsion Production, Characterization and Combustion
Authors: Alaa Moalla , Soulayman Soulayman , Abdelkarim Taan , Walid Zgheib
Published: March 2021

In order to produce a water/heavy fuel oil emulsion (W/HFO) with different water contents to cover the daily needs of a fire tube boiler or a water tube boiler, a special homogenizer is designed, constructed and tested. The produced emulsion is characterized and compared with the pure HFO properties. It is found experimentally in fire tube boiler that, the use of W/HFO emulsion with 8% of water content (W0.08/HFO0.92) instead of HFO leads to a saving rate of 13.56% in HFO. For explaining the obtained energy saving the term “equivalent heat value (EHV) of the W/HFO emulsions”, defined as the ratio of the W/HFO emulsion net calorific value to the HFO content in the emulsion, is used. Based on direct measurements, provided in this work, it was found that the equivalent heat value (EHV) increases with the water content in the water/heavy fuel oil (W/HFO). It reaches 1.06 times of HFO net calorific value at water content of 22.24%. The obtained, in the present work, experimental results demonstrate the dependence of the emulsion EHV on its water content. These results are in agreement with the results of other authors. Therefore, the contribution of water droplets in the emulsion combustion is verified. It is found experimentally that, the emitted CO, SO2  and H2S gases from the fire tube boiler chimney decreases by 5.66%. 3.99% and 48.77% respectively in the case of (W0.08/HFO0.92) emulsion use instead of HFO.
Misterium Najświętszego Imienia Jezus w liturgii Kościoła rzymskiego
Authors: Pałęcki Waldemar
Published: March 2021

According to the bible tradition, the name of a person determine its personality and dignity. Since the 18th century there is known commemoration of the most sacred name of Jesus in the liturgy of Roman Church. The essence of this devotion contains the liturgical texts assigned for that day. Especially many texts of the pre-Vatican liturgy point out the great importance of that day. After the Second Vatican Council the commemoration was removed from the liturgical agenda, but anew established in 2002. Analysis of the texts contained in missal and breviary show theological contain of that feast day. The base are words about the humiliation and glorification of the Servant of Yahwe derived from the second chapter of the Letter of Saint Paul to Philippians (Phil. 2:6–11) and from the Acts of Apostles. In that book it is said that the name of Jesus is the only one by which we can be saved (Acts 4:8–12). Liturgical texts from the Old Testament indicate the fulfilment of the prophecy in the name of Jesus. Different motivation of praising the name of Jesus is shown in the literature of Christian writers who demonstrate the beauty and sweetness of the name of Jesus. Before The Second Vatican Council, in the sermons of St. Bernard it is highlighted that this name is innate, not given. Saint Bernard from Siena said in his sermons that the name of Jesus is the name of His mercy. This text is the base of the Office of readings after the Second Vatican Council. Nowadays this feast is celebrated on 3rd January and links the mystery of the nativity and of the revelation of the Lord, pointing out the unity in the celebration of the mystery of Incarnation.
Molecular data reveals two new species of Hypnea (Cystocloniaceae, Rhodophyta) from India: Hypnea indica sp. nov. and Hypnea bullata sp. nov.
Authors: Kundu Pushpendu , Bast Felix
Published: March 2021

We used three molecular markers (COI-5P, rbcL and UPA) to investigate the diversity of Hypnea spp., an economically important red algal genus, collected from India. Our concatenated tree (COI-5P and rbcL) supported the monophyly of two new species, Hypnea indica sp. nov. and Hypnea bullata sp. nov. H. indica diverged from its closest two sister species, Hypnea cervicornis and Hypnea tenuis (by 15.9 and 11.2%, respectively, in COI-5P; and 3.4 and 3.2% in rbcL). We describe H. indica as a new species characterised by an erect, percurrent main axis with spine-like branchlets in acute angles, straight and forked apices, axial cells surrounded by large periaxial cells or two cells similar in size to the axial cell, and the presence of lenticular thickening in the cross-section of the thallus. H. bullata diverged from its closest sister species, Hypnea brasiliensis (by 10.9% in COI-5P and 3.3% in rbcL). H. bullata is characterized by a prostrate thallus up to 1.5 cm in height, highly anastomosed, with an axial cell surrounded by similar sized, or smaller, periaxial cells, tetrasporangia present near the base of branchlets, and the presence of lenticular thickening.
Modulation of recombinant human alpha 1 glycine receptor by flavonoids and gingerols
Authors: Breitinger Ulrike , Sticht Heinrich , Breitinger Hans-Georg
Published: March 2021

The inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR) is a principal mediator of fast synaptic inhibition in mammalian spinal cord, brainstem, and higher brain centres. Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites that exhibit many beneficial physiological effects, including modulatory action on neuronal receptors. Using whole-cell current recordings from recombinant human α1 GlyRs, expressed in HEK293 cells, we compared the flavonols kaempferol and quercetin, the flavanone naringenin, the flavones apigenin and nobiletin, the isoflavone genistein, and two gingerols, 6-gingerol and 8-gingerol for their modulation of receptor currents. All compounds were inhibitors of the GlyR with IC50 values ranging between 9.3 ± 2.6 µM (kaempferol) and 46.7 ± 6.5 µM (genistein), following a mixed mode of inhibition. Co-application of two inhibitors revealed distinct binding sites for flavonoids and gingerols. Pore-lining mutants T258A and T258S were strongly inhibited by quercetin and naringenin, but not by 6-gingerol, confirming the existence of distinct binding sites for flavonoids and gingerols. Apigenin, kaempferol, nobiletin, naringenin and 6-gingerol showed biphasic action, potentiating glycine-induced currents at low concentration of both, modulator and glycine, and inhibiting at higher concentrations. Identification of distinct modulatory sites for flavonoids and related compounds may present pharmacological target sites and aid the discovery of novel glycinergic drugs.
Improving the mechanical performance of a resistance spot welded 1200 MPa TBF steel
Authors: Stadler Manfred , Schnitzer Ronald , Gruber Martin , Hofer Christina
Published: March 2021

In the present work different approaches to improve the mechanical properties of a resistance spot welded 1200 MPa transformation induced plasticity-aided bainitic ferrite steel are evaluated. An extension of the welding time results in coarsening of the microstructure of the outer fusion zone and the maximum force derived by the cross tension strength test did not improve significantly. A temper pulse after a long cooling time leads to pronounced softening of the fusion zone, as determined by hardness mapping, which resulted in enhanced weld properties. A recrystallization pulse modifies the shape of the prior austenite grains at the outer fusion zone, which was visualized with electron backscatter diffraction. This also resulted in a significant improvement of maximum force. For all approaches the failure mode improved, which can be attributed to an increased fraction of high angle grain boundaries at the edge of the fusion zone.
Simvastatin-loaded graphene oxide embedded in polycaprolactone-polyurethane nanofibers for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Rezaei Hessam , Shahrezaee Mostafa , Jalali Monfared Marziyeh , Fathi Karkan Sonia , Ghafelehbashi Robabehbeygom
Published: March 2021

Here, the role of simvastatin-loaded graphene oxide embedded in polyurethane-polycaprolactone nanofibers for bone tissue engineering has been investigated. The scaffolds were physicochemically and mechanically characterized, and obtained polymeric composites were used as MG-63 cell culture scaffolds. The addition of graphene oxide-simvastatin to nanofibers generates a homogeneous and uniform microstructure as well as a reduction in fiber diameter. Results of water-scaffolds interaction indicated higher hydrophilicity and absorption capacity as a function of graphene oxide addition. Scaffolds’ mechanical properties and physical stability improved after the addition of graphene oxide. Inducing bioactivity after the addition of simvastatin-loaded graphene oxide terminated its capability for hard tissue engineering application, evidenced by microscopy images and phase characterization. Nanofibrous scaffolds could act as a sustained drug carrier. Using the optimal concentration of graphene oxide-simvastatin is necessary to avoid toxic effects on tissue. Results show that the scaffolds are biocompatible to the MG-63 cell and support alkaline phosphatase activity, illustrating their potential use in bone tissue engineering. Briefly, graphene-simvastatin-incorporated in polymeric nanofibers was developed to increase bioactive components’ synergistic effect to induce more bioactivity and improve physical and mechanical properties as well as in vitro interactions for better results in bone repair.
Intelligence and academic achievement in inpatient adolescents with comorbid anxiety and depression
Authors: Schrack Anna P. , Joyce-Beaulieu Diana , MacInnes Jann W. , Kranzler John H. , Zaboski Brian A. , McNamara Joseph P. H.
Published: March 2021

Few studies have investigated the relationship between comorbid depression and anxiety and cognitive and academic functioning. To understand this relationship, this study used a retrospective chart review from an inpatient facility for 42 adolescents diagnosed with a comorbid anxiety and depressive disorder. Multiple regression was used to determine whether anxiety and depression predicted academic achievement, as well as whether intelligence predicted current levels of anxiety and depression. Results indicated that higher severity of depression was associated with lower reading (β = –0.39) and writing (β = –0.40) achievement, while higher severity of anxiety was associated with higher scores on reading (β = 0.41) and writing (β = 0.36). Full-scale IQ was not significantly predictive of anxiety severity (β = 0.08) or depression severity (β = –0.24). Results are discussed in terms of identifying risk factors and improving outcomes for adolescents with severe comorbid anxiety and depression psychopathology.
An Interpersonal Approach to Social Preference: Examining Patterns and Influences of Liking and Being Bothered by Interpersonal Behaviors of Others
Authors: Du Tianwei V. , Thomas Katherine M. , Lynam Donald R.
Published: March 2021

Personality disorders are rooted in maladaptive interpersonal behaviors. Previously, researchers have assessed interpersonal behaviors using self-ratings of one's own behaviors and third-person ratings of dyadic interactions. Few studies have examined individuals' perceptions of others' interpersonal behaviors. Using a sample of 470 undergraduate students, the authors examined patterns of interpersonal perception as well as influences of these patterns on psychological functioning. Findings showed that people tend to like interpersonal behaviors that are similar to their own and become bothered by behaviors that are the opposite of their own. Such a pattern is particularly characteristic on the warmth dimension and is consistent across different levels of closeness of the relationship. The authors also found small but significant effects of interpersonal perception on personality and general psychological functioning, above and beyond effects of individuals' own interpersonal traits. Such findings highlight the importance of including perceptions of others in investigating interpersonal dynamics when understanding personality disorders.
Validation of the Three-Item Screener for Personality Disorders From the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-3)
Authors: Pilkonis Paul A. , Johnston Kelly L. , Dodds Nathan E.
Published: March 2021

We previously developed a three-item screener for identifying respondents with any personality disorder (PD) using the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP). The current goal was to examine the convergent validity of the IIP-3 with other PD screeners and diagnostic tools and to investigate its relationship to measures of adult attachment and emotion regulation. The sample consisted of participants from five studies (total N = 852), with data from collateral informants available for a subsample (N = 353). Despite its brevity, the IIP-3 showed moderate to strong relationships with other longer PD screeners, with PD symptom scores from the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV), and with a global rating of PD severity. It was most sensitive to the stylistic aspects of PD typical of the traditional DSM cluster B (dramatic, expressive) PDs. These results emerged with data from both participants and informants, although correlations using informant data were generally smaller.
The Relations Between Identity Disturbances, Borderline Features, Internalizing Disorders, and Suicidality in Inpatient Adolescents
Authors: Sekowski Marcin , Gambin Malgorzata , Sharp Carla
Published: March 2021

Previous studies have demonstrated positive associations between identity disturbances and suicidality in adolescents; however, mechanisms underlying these relationships are not well understood. The authors propose that borderline features and various internalizing disorders may mediate these relations. The aim of this study was to test a multiple mediation model of the associations between these constructs using structural equation modeling. Ninety-six inpatient adolescents aged 12–17 years completed the Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescents, the Childhood Interview for DSM-IV Borderline Personality Disorder, the Youth Self-Report, and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Findings partly confirmed the theoretical model. Borderline features mediated the positive effect of identity disturbances on suicidal ideation severity. Mediations of withdrawn/depression and anxiety/depression on the effect of identity disruption on suicidal ideation intensity were demonstrated. Identity disruptions and borderline and depressive symptoms could be possible targets for interventions for youth experiencing suicidal ideation.
The Role of Psychopathic Traits in Explaining Associations Between Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Aggression
Authors: Eisenbarth Hedwig , Garofalo Carlo
Published: March 2021

The present study reports on a preregistered investigation of the potential mediating role of the triarchic psychopathy components Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition for associations between childhood traumatic experiences (CTE) and aggression. Three nonclinical samples (total N = 1,729; 1,176 women, 68.02%) completed self-report instruments of CTE, triarchic psychopathy traits, reactive and proactive aggression (Samples 1 and 2), and general aggression (Sample 3). Cross-sectional path analyses revealed that both Meanness and Disinhibition consistently mediated associations between CTE and aggression. These indirect effects were consistent across gender, even though the direct effect of Meanness on proactive aggression was stronger in men than in women (Samples 1 and 2). Finally, Boldness had weak negative associations with childhood traumatic experiences in all three samples, but no direct association with aggression. Taken together, these correlational findings suggest potential developmental mechanisms linking early traumatic experiences to adult aggression through elevated levels of psychopathic traits.
The Planning Horizon for Movement Sequences
Authors: Ariani Giacomo , Kordjazi Neda , Pruszynski J. Andrew , Diedrichsen Jörn
Published: March 2021

When performing a long chain of actions in rapid sequence, future movements need to be planned concurrently with ongoing action. However, how far ahead we plan, and whether this ability improves with practice, is currently unknown. Here, we designed an experiment in which healthy volunteers produced sequences of 14 finger presses quickly and accurately on a keyboard in response to numerical stimuli. On every trial, participants were only shown a fixed number of stimuli ahead of the current keypress. The size of this viewing window varied between 1 (next digit revealed with the pressing of the current key) and 14 (full view of the sequence). Participants practiced the task for 5 days, and their performance was continuously assessed on random sequences. Our results indicate that participants used the available visual information to plan multiple actions into the future, but that the planning horizon was limited: receiving information about more than three movements ahead did not result in faster sequence production. Over the course of practice, we found larger performance improvements for larger viewing windows and an expansion of the planning horizon. These findings suggest that the ability to plan future responses during ongoing movement constitutes an important aspect of skillful movement. Based on the results, we propose a framework to investigate the neuronal processes underlying simultaneous planning and execution.
Why We Love It Here: Exploration of Affection and Attachment in a Brazilian Urban Periphery
Authors: Ryu Sue-Yeon
Published: March 2021

This research interprets the marginalized neighborhood of Serrinha as a place in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil, by examining the relations between the physical neighborhood and internal social networks. I use concepts from the anthropology of materiality and an interdisciplinary understanding of place attachment to examine how the social and physical dimensions of place coalesce within Serrinha. I employ data from eight weeks of ethnographic research and Scannell and Gifford’s tripartite model of place attachment to frame the everyday experiences and affects of Serrinha residents, especially to illustrate Serrinha outside of the typical stereotypes of favelas. In doing so, the study analyzes the symbolic significance of brick as the material of choice for Serrinha’s self-built houses and asserts that the brick is a metaphor for local and global relationships. Ultimately, this research argues that autoconstruction of the house with brick constitutes a significant social and emotional process of attachment in Serrinha.
No Façade to Hide Behind: Long-Distance Hikers’ Journeys Through Self and Society
Authors: Reiss Lauren
Published: March 2021

This ethnographic study uses a phenomenological approach to better understand how Appalachian Trail (AT) and Long Trail (LT) thru-hikers create meaning and make sense of their experiences while hiking. Drawing on participant observation and in-depth interviews with 13 hikers, I analyze hikers’ initial reasons for hiking, their reflections while on the trail, and the impacts thru-hiking had on their self-concepts and social lives. Key findings demonstrate how life on the trail contrasts with hikers’ everyday lives in society and thus suggest ways that their experiences on the AT/LT may give insight into nature, community life, personal change, and the process of personal reflection. In particular, this study suggests that long-distance hiking builds personal skills and confidence. Further, this research uses a phenomenological approach as well as the concepts of liminality and communitas to analyze the creation of an alternative trail subculture and new personal identities on the trail, including trail families.
The New Normal in Urban Pakistan: A Journey of Undergraduate Students Through Photovoice
Authors: Raza Muhammad H. , Khatri Neha , Intikhab Sara , Iqbal Rumaysa
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 global health crisis is an issue of survival for individuals and communities worldwide. With its widespread consequences manifested at every level of the society, concerns about how to adapt to the new normal are rising. This study explores the lived experiences of second-year undergraduate university students located in urban Pakistan amid the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, in March to May 2020. Drawing on a participatory research approach, students as participants adopted a photovoice methodology to document, share, and analyze their new life realities. The themes that emerged from the data include fear, anxiety, isolation, relationships and hope, among others. Feelings of agency, empathy and a desire for community action were observed in the photo narratives shared by the participants, as they discussed their health, academic, and communication challenges while struggling to conform to the present circumstances.
Effect of composition on thermal stability and microstructural behaviour of non-prototype material (CaO-Fe2O3)
Authors: Pandey Vijay Kumar , Jatav Sunil Kumar , Pandel Upendra , Duchaniya Rajendra Kumar
Published: March 2021

The role of simulant materials becomes necessary for the predictive study of the nuclear severe accident phenomena due to its similarity with corium (a liquid form of UO2 and steel). Since simulant material is eco-friendly and has similar properties to corium, it has been widely used in the research field of severe accident management. In this study, material CaO-Fe2O3 a non-eutectic binary mixture is considered for characterization purpose to address the thermophysical properties at different compositional ratios. The CaO-Fe2O3 powder mixture was prepared in mortar for 40 minutes manually to form a homogeneous mixture and then cylindrical pellets prepared at five different ratios with the help of the phase diagram. Further, these pellets were heat-treated at 1200°C for three hours soaking time to address its thermal stability in a programmable electric furnace. Finally, pellets ground into powder form manually for further characterization. Initially, the weight loss analysis was reported by measurement of dimensions of pellets before and after heat treatment. The thermal properties, phase analysis, and morphological studies have been carried out through DSC, XRD and FE-SEM in laboratory and results were discussed in the context of the property of ideal simulant materials used for the study of nuclear severe accidents. The melting point of all the samples were found stable (1200°C-1230°C) and values of activation energy and specific heat were well synchronized between with and without heat-treated samples. Dislocation density of samples increases significantly with increasing the proportion value of calcium oxide after heat treatment.
Hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery: importance of exhaustive hormonal study
Authors: Perez-Montes de Oca Alejandra , Pellitero Silvia , Puig-Domingo Manel
Published: March 2021

Hypoglycemia is an uncommon clinical problem in non-diabetic patients or patients not being treated for diabetes mellitus. It is a rare, but well-established complication of bariatric surgery and, in some cases, it can be the only symptom of another medical problem. A 50-year-old woman with a history of partially recovered hypopituitarism after transsphenoidal surgery for a non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma complained about symptomatic hypoglycemia after sleeve gastrectomy surgery. Our initial studies failed to determine the cause for these episodes and treatment with acarbose (suspecting a dumping syndrome) was not helpful. Finally, laboratory findings revealed growth hormone (GH) deficiency. The patient received treatment with GH, with the resolution of symptoms after 3 months of treatment. Our case suggests that all causes of hypoglycemia should be considered and studied after bariatric surgery. An improvement in insulin-resistance following bariatric surgery can trigger clinical manifestations of GH deficiency.

Learning points:

Postprandial hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery is usually due to dumping syndrome.

Even after bariatric surgery, all causes of hypoglycemia should be considered and studied.

After significant weight loss, insulin sensitivity is usually restored and can trigger clinical manifestations of GH deficiency.

Hypoglycemia is a rare symptom of GH deficiency.
FEITOS ESTILIZADOS DO PATRÓN DE INVESTIMENTO NA ECONOMÍA ESPAÑOLA, 1981-2013
Authors: Cárdenas del Rey Luis
Published: March 2021

O obxecto principal deste traballo é presentar un conxunto de feitos estilizados sobre opatrón de investimento que amosou a economía española nas derradeiras décadas. Arealización deste tipo de análise é relevante como punto de partida para posterioresestudos sobre o investimento en España, especialmente pola importancia central que teno investimento no crecemento económico. Utilízanse os datos da base BBVA-IVIE pero cunenfoque metodolóxico distinto, máis achegado ás categorías do BEA estadounidense.Grazas a isto, neste traballo apórtase nova evidencia sobre os trazos característicos dopatrón de capitalización, dos que os máis interesantes son: i) Existiu unha “aceleración” nocrecemento entre os dous ciclos expansivos; ii) A nivel de composición técnica, oinvestimento en equipamentos é o que amosou un maior dinamismo; iii) a nivel deaxentes investidores, o investimento corporativo tivo unha gran constancia no seucrecemento, véndose complementado polo “relevo” dos outros axentes, é dicir, oinvestimento das AA.PP: creceu máis no primeiro ciclo expansivo (1981-1993) e oinvestimento dos fogares no segundo (1994-2007), e iv) a nivel sectorial o investimentoconcentrouse en sectores con maior dinamismo en creación de emprego, sendoparadigmático o caso do sector da construción. The main aim of this report is to introduce a set of stylized facts about the investment patterndisplayed by the Spanish economy in the past decades. This type of analysis is relevant as astarting point for further studies on investment in Spain, especially given the importance ofinvestment in economic growth. Information from the BBVA-IVIE database has been used witha different methodological approach, closer to the categories of the American BEA. As a result,new evidence is exposed along with the characteristics of the capitalization pattern, of whichthe most interesting ones are the following: (i) There was an "acceleration" in growth betweenboth expansive cycles. (ii) As far as technical composition is concerned, investment inequipment is the one that has been more dynamic. (iii) From the agent investment point of view,business capitalization has been hugely consistent with growth, being complemented by the"relay" of the other two agents, i.e., the government investment in the first expansionary cycle(1981-1993) and household investment in the second (1994-2007). (iv) At a sectoral level,investment has been concentrated in industries with greater dynamism in terms of job creationand, in this sense, the building industry is paradigmatic.
O CAPITAL SOCIAL NO DESENVOLVEMENTO LOCAL COMUNITARIO. UN ESTUDO EN COMUNIDADES RURAIS DE BOLIVIA
Authors: Ayaviri Nina Dante , Quispe Fernández Gabith Miriam , Borja Lombeida María Eugenia
Published: March 2021

rurais e o seu desenvolvemento local, dadas as potencialidades e recursos existentes nosterritorios. A metodoloxía aplicada é a partir da revisión teórica interpretativa dasdiversas formulacións e as dimensións do capital social neste eido. O estudo identifica ásredes como un elemento destacable no substrato do tecido asociativo para odesenvolvemento local, as organizacións comunitarias, como formas de ralacionamentofortalecidas como principio de xestión colectiva e cooperación, e, por último, a confianzacara ás organizacións nas súas actuacións e intervencións nos procesos dedesenvolvemento comunitario, onde os actores locais xogan un papel relevante nosprocesos de desenvolvemento local das comunidades rurais. Así, o estudo conclúe facendoespecial énfase nas dimensións como mecanismos e elementos que determinan odesenvolvemento local baseados na construción de relacións no capital social e odesenvolvemento local comunitario. The research studies the dimensions of social capital in the context of rural communitiesand their local development, given the potential and resources in the territories. Theapplied methodology is based on the theoretical revision of the different approaches andthe dimensions of social capital in this area. The study identifies networks as a prominentelement in the substrate of the associative fabric for local development, communityorganizations, with strengthened relationships as a principle of collective managementand cooperation, and finally, the trust in organizations, in their actions and interventionsin community development processes, where local actors play a relevant role in the localdevelopment processes of rural communities. Thus, the study concludes with a specialemphasis on dimensions as mechanisms and elements that determine local developmentbased on building relationships in social capital and local community development.