bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CO-INFECTION OF DENGUE AND HEPATITIS A VIRUSES: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: RODRIGUEZ-SALDAÑA Christian Alberto , FIESTAS-CORDOVA Jessenia , SALDAÑA-FLORES José Gerardo , ABRAMONTE-TENE Walter David
Published: March 2024

Coinfection
A Review on Monkey Pox: From Pandemic to Endemic
Authors:   Bsc Microbiology Graduate, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarkhand, India., Bhambri Nitika , Ji Omar Balram ,   Professor, Department of Microbiology,University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarkhand, India.
Published: March 2024

Monkeypox is a rare viral disease that has been identified as a potentially emerging infectious disease with the potential to cause outbreaks and epidemics. The virus is closely related to the small pox virus and belongs to the family Poxviridae. Monkey pox is primarily found in Central and West Africa, where it is transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or humans. The virus can cause a range of clinical manifestations, from mild flu-like symptoms to severe illness with high mortality rates. The clinical presentation of monkey pox typically starts with fever, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue, followed by the development of a rash that spreads across the body. The rash progresses from macules to papules, vesicles, pustules, and scabs over several weeks. In severe cases, complications such as pneumonia, sepsis, and encephalitis can occur. There is currently no specific treatment for monkeypox. Supportive care measures such as hydration and pain management are used to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Vaccination against smallpox has been shown to provide some protection against monkeypox; however, it's effectiveness against the virus remains unclear. The prevention of monkeypox relies on measures such as avoiding contact with infected animals or humans and practicing good hygiene practices such as hand washing. Early detection of cases through surveillance systems is also crucial for preventing outbreaks. In conclusion, monkeypox is an emerging infectious disease that poses a significant public health threat in endemic regions. Continued research efforts are needed to better understand the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the virus and develop effective prevention strategies such as vaccines or antiviral therapies
Islamization in Bengal
Authors: Uz Zaman Ashraf
Published: March 2024

This article investigates the historical and socio-cultural dimensions of Islamization in Bengal, shedding light on the processes that contributed to the region's Islamic transformation. Utilizing a comprehensive approach that incorporates historical records, literary sources, and indigenous narratives, the study examines pivotal moments and factors influencing the adoption and evolution of Islamic practices in Bengal. By delving into the intricate tapestry of Bengal's history, this research seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex interplay between local traditions, external influences, and the emergence of Islam as a prominent cultural and religious force in the region.
The Use of Quizizz as Istiqraiyah-Based Nahwu Learning Media in the Digital Age
Authors: Al Azmi Fadilah , Muassomah Muassomah , Amalia Nabila Nailil , Diana Nur
Published: March 2024

In this Digital Era, educators are required to integrate science and technology in all aspects of learning to create effective learning and make it easier for students to understand the material; besides that, with this technology, students can easily find sources of knowledge. One of the Web Tools that are suitable for learning in this Era is Quizizz. This study aims to determine the steps of using Quizizz as an Istiqraiyah-based nahwu learning medium in the Digital Age and to analyze students' perceptions of using Quizizz as an Istiqraiyah-based nahwu learning medium in the Digital Age. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection technique uses documentation and questionnaires. After the data is collected, a descriptive analysis is carried out using: 1) data collection, 2) data reduction, 3) data presentation and 4) conclusion/verification. The results of this study show the steps in using Quizizz as an Istiqraiyah-based nahwu learning media as follows: a). present an example, b). instructed to analyze the example, c). conclude from the examples observed d). make examples related to the material, e). give a quiz using quizizz f). directions for doing g). monitored the results of the answers and the majority of students responded positively to using Quizizz as an Istiqraiyah-based nahwu learning medium in this Digital Age.
On the Growing Relevance of N.I. Zhinkin’s Ideas for Modern Research into the Problems of Creativity and Thinking
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of Psychological and Multidisciplinary Research, Bogoyavlenskaya D.B.
Published: March 2024

В современной научной литературе прочно закрепились понятия «вер­бальное мышление» и «визуальное мышление». Они, как правило, рассмат­риваются в качестве отдельных феноменов, радикально оторванных друг от друга. Аналогичные процессы происходят и с концептами «мышление» и «воображение». 130-летний юбилей уникального человека и психолога Николая Ивановича Жинкина, отдавшего свою жизнь до самых ее послед­них мгновений служению науке, позволяет нам, его последователям, актуа­лизировать его идеи «кодовых переходов во внутренней речи», показать их значимость для современной синтетической трактовки «мышления». Про­блемы творчества и мышления до сих пор являются самыми сложными и запутанными для исследователей. Педагогические конференции, прове­денные в последние годы, показывают, что даже педагоги высшей квалифи­кации не фиксируют соотносимость мышления и воображения. Между тем еще Жинкин в работах 1960-х гг. обращал внимание на принципиальную коррелятивность этих феноменов. В правоте его точки зрения автор статьи убедилась, когда провела анализ эмпирически полученных данных в экспе­рименте по решению «творческих задач» для дипломной работы (защищен­ной в 1958 г.), сопоставив их с выдвинутым Н.И. Жинкиным представлени­ем о внутренних кодовых переходах, а также положением А.Н. Соколова о переключаемости умственной деятельности со зрительного анализатора на вербальный и возможности умозаключений, опирающихся на зритель­ные посылки.
The Crooked Mirror of Digitalization
Authors:   Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aseeva I.A.
Published: March 2024

В статье анализируются противоречивые эффекты использования цифро­вых, в частности информационно-коммуникативных, технологий, возникаю­щие на различных социальных уровнях, от трансформации практик соци­ального взаимодействия до личностных девиаций. Быстрые и кардинальные изменения формата коммуникации и способов сбора и передачи информа­ции, повсеместное распространение специальных приспособлений и вы­сокотехнологичных устройств свидетельствует о свершившейся цифровой медиареволюции. Однако ожидаемое чувство цифрового благополучия, воз­никающее благодаря ускорению социально-экономических процессов и рас­ширению географии контактов, в большой степени девальвируется из-за взрывного распространения практик взаимообмана и манипулирования, постправды как новой нормальности, целенаправленной фильтрации и персо­нально-ограниченного подбора информации, массовых вторжений в приват­ные пространства, расцвета кибер-преступности, когнитивной деградации. В работе выявлены антропологические проблемы, связанные с цифровиза­цией, среди которых девиация когнитивных и коммуникативных практик, утрата навыка и глубины рефлексии и эмпатии, парадоксальные противоре­чия между потребностью в защите тайны личной жизни и беспрецедентной публичностью, постоянное пребывание в социальной сети и желание за­крыться в безопасном «информационном коконе» и другие. Автором отмече­ны социальные проблемы, вызванные распространением и зависимостью общества от цифровых технологий: девальвация истинной информации и за­мена ее хайповой или политически ангажированной постправдой, радикали­зация кризиса межпоколенческих отношений, зависимость удовлетворенно­сти цифровизацией от возраста, места жительства, доступности цифровых технологий. Как результат исследования, ставятся вопросы о возможности и критериях человекомерной цифровизации, позволяющей гармонично пре­одолеть указанные вызовы и минимизировать последствия техноцентрично­го мировоззрения, и о разумном ограничении использования и развития ав­тономных интеллектуальных систем, конкурирующих с человеком.
Semantical-semiotical Richness of Forms of Meaning-generation: Philosophical Approach
Authors: Lapina T.S.
Published: March 2024

В статье исследуются основания и критерии адекватного смыслополагания. Рассматривается приведение смысла к его человеческому и ценностному измерениям, сопряженность практической трезвости оценок с отсылкой к идеальному началу. Эксплицируются и характеризуются виды вербаль­ных смысловых форм: уникальные смысловые образования; смысловые типовые сущности-обобщения, включая именные смысловые сущности; смысловые виртуальные пространства; виртуально-смысловая конвертация человеческого существования; философско-смысловое очеловечивание уни­версума. Благодаря смыслополаганию общественное бытие воспроизводит­ся и повторно переживается, а общественная история и жизненные пути индивидов и поколений предстают социально рельефно. Многогранность человека как родового существа и многосторонность его связей с миром рассматриваются как важнейшие источники «смысловых облеканий» лю­дей, то есть актуальной проявленности в социальных контекстах под тем или иным углом восприятия. Выявляется онто-гносеологическое, экзистен­циальное, социальное значение вербальных смыслов.
Vladimir Solovyov and the Future of Russian Philosophy (International “Round Table” Materials)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pruzhinin B.I. , Kozirev A.P. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mezhuev B.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Oppo Andrea ,   Via Università, Sidorin V.V. ,   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Takho-Godi E.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Horie Hiroyuki , Baichun Zhang ,   Beijing Normal University, Shchedrina T.G. ,   Moscow State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2024

В апреле 2023 г. в «Доме А.Ф. Лосева» состоялся международный круглый стол «Владимир Соловьев и будущее русской философии», посвященный 170-летию со дня рождения философа. Организатором выступила редакция журнала «Вопросы философии» при участии «Дома А.Ф. Лосева – научной библиотеки и мемориального музея» и научного проекта «Литература сквозь призму философии: история русской лирики в эстетике Вл. Соловье­ва» (ИМЛИ РАН). В обсуждении приняли участие философы, историки фи­лософии, филологи. В центре их внимания оказались следующие вопросы: значение философских идей Владимира Соловьева для осмысления тенден­ций современной русской философии; актуальность метафизики «всеедин­ства» Вл. Соловьева и современная эпистемология науки: против позити­визма; актуальные смыслы софиологии Соловьева: взгляд из будущего; вклад Вл. Соловьева в развитие «русского метафизического языка»; Вл. Со­ловьев в русской философской «сфере разговора»: собеседники и институ­ции; социально-философская доктрина Вл. Соловьева и ее современные интерпретации; «соборность» как проблема русской философии; истори­ческий опыт Вл. Соловьева как поиск «пределов»: как возможно «мыс­лить до конца»; Соловьев и его «Заслуженные современные собеседники»: А.Ф. Лосев, П.П. Гайденко, С.С. Хоружий; значение эстетических идей Вл. Соловьева для осмысления литературного процесса. Стержнем дискус­сий, завязавшихся при обсуждении указанной тематики, стал вопрос о кон­кретной роли Вл. Соловьева в становлении русской философии. Ниже пуб­ликуются материалы «круглого стола».
Efficiency of the functioning of the Altai Republic specially protected natural territories
Authors:   State University of Management, CHUDNOVSKY Alexey , MALTSEVA Maria ,   State University of Management, OFITSEROVA Natalya ,   State University of Management, SADYKOVA Kamila ,   State University of Management
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study is to study the role of specially protected natural territories in ensuring the sustainable development of regions and to identify areas for improving their functioning in order to preserve the national heritage in the form of a unique natural heritage. Research methods. The main provisions and conclusions of the article are based on the results of the use of statistical and analytical research methods. They helped to determine the impact of nature protection areas on the sustainable development of regions, to formulate trends and contradictions in the development of the tourist and recreational complex of specially protected natural territories of the Altai Republic, as well as to identify the need to improve the efficiency of its functioning through an established system of staffing. Research results. In the course of the work carried out, the influence of specially protected natural territories on ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of the regions was proved. It was also revealed that one of the main factors hindering the successful functioning of tourist and recreational complexes of specially protected natural territories of the Altai Republic is a shortage of personnel. Conclusions. The development of the tourist and recreational complex of specially protected natural territories is a promising area of activity of the Altai Republic, due to its geographical location and the presence of historical, cultural and natural values on the territory. However, there are some contradictions in the development of the tourist and recreational complex of specially protected natural territories, which creates a shortage of personnel, but they play a key role in its successful functioning. In this regard, an adequate response of the education system is required. The key lies in the development of specific educational programs that work ahead of the curve and, most importantly, transform the willingness and ability of employees to breakthrough solutions and actions.
Experimental verification of the extended Einstein-Lorentz mass formula: Emission of abnormal electrons with energy up to 790TeV detected at downstream of RF cavity of electron storage ring of BEPCII
Authors: Qian Dapeng
Published: March 2024

In a new version of special relativity that incorporates the uncertainty principle, the Einstein-Lorentz mass formula is extended more completely. The new formula shows that there is a weak "high-speed but low-mass" effect in particles movement, which will cause the generation of abnormal ultra-high energy electrons with a computable small probability when the electron beam passes through an accelerating electric field. This previously unknown anomaly was tested on the electron storage ring of BEPCII by the author with a cumulative detection method, and results show that there is indeed the emission of electrons with energy up to 790TeV at downstream of the RF cavity, which is consistent with the theoretical expectation. On this basis, it is suggested that particle physicists do more experimental detection, so as to further fully verify the extended Einstein-Lorentz mass formula.
Assessing the waterbodies through water quality index and zooplankton diversity for environmental sustainability of Bankura, West Bengal, India
Authors: Mahanty Subhajit , Saha Dipankar , Karmakar Ajay , Mandal Saptarshi , Mandal Rakesh Kumar , Bhutia Dechen Doma , Majumder Surajit
Published: March 2024

Waterbodies play a fundamental role within the society, impacting various aspects of our lives. In an aquatic ecosystem, plankton diversity regulates the productivity of these waterbodies. The distribution patterns of plankton are closely associated with the distinct physicochemical attributes exhibited by each waterbody. This research aims to investigate the intricate relationships between physicochemical parameters and plankton distribution across diverse waterbodies encircling the Bankura district. The focal point of this study is to discern the correlations between physicochemical parameters and plankton distribution within the specified waterbodies. The comprehensive approach here involves the collection of both water and plankton samples, followed by a meticulous measurement of physicochemical parameters and plankton diversity, adhering to well-established methodologies. The sampling was done between August 2022 to May 2023. The study sites have been classified into two categories. Normal waterbodies and bloom forming waterbodies. Statistical methodologies are harnessed to find correlations and interdependencies. One way ANOVA of all physicochemical parameters and zooplankton showed highly significant difference (p<0.05) between two categories of waterbodies. The results unveiled significant insights, particularly the notable Pearson’s correlation (p<0.05) between different physicochemical parameters and zooplankton group. Occasionally, waterbodies became enriched with nutrients (PO4-3-P, NO2--N), which subsequently trigger excessive plant growth, a phenomenon recognized as eutrophication, culminating in the formation of toxic red algal blooms. One potential causative agent behind these red blooms is Euglena sp. Several diversity indices are used to evaluate the abundance and species richness in the waterbodies. Water quality index of different study sites has been developed to find the status of the waterbodies. The current investigation strongly underscores the significant correlations that exist between the plankton diversity of the studied waterbodies and their underlying physicochemical attributes. This insight not only enhances our comprehension of the intricate dynamics within these ecosystems but also emphasizes the imperative role of physicochemical parameters influencing plankton distributions.
Evaluation of the Effect of Melatonin Treatment on Telomere Length of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Ozdemir Ayla Eren
Published: March 2024

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of diabetic retinopathy and melatonin treatment on the relative telomer lengths (RTL) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.
Background: TL can be used to evaluate diabetes mellitus, its complications, and the effectiveness of its treatment. However, TL assessment has not been performed in retinal cells in a diabetic retinopathy model until now.
Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups. The experimental groups were: Control Group (C): non- diabetic rats; Diabetes Mellitus Group (DM): rats induced to diabetes without treatment; Melatonin and Diabetes Mellitus Group (Mel +DM): rats induced to diabetes and after confirmation, treated with melatonin; Melatonin Group (Mel): rats were not induced to diabetes, treated with melatonin. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin solution after 12 h food fasting. For eight weeks after the diabetes was induced, melatonin was administered via subcutaneous injection at a dose of 10 mg / kg. RTLs were measured by qPCR method with modifications. The comparison of averaged data among groups was performed using least significant difference (LSD) and Kruskal – Wallis Test and One way ANOVA test.
Results: RTL was significantly similar in control and melatonin group. RTL was thinnest in DM group, in addition melatonin treatment significantly prevented the RTL shortening in DM + Mel group (p=0.031).
Conclusion: We demonstrated that diabetic retinopathy led to the shortening of RTL in RPE cells in rats and melatonin treatment prevents this shortening.
Sequential conformational transition of ArnB, an archaeal ortholog with Sec23/Sec24 core motif
Authors: Essen Lars-Oliver , Korf Lukas , Steinchen Wieland , Watad Mohamed , Bezold Filipp , Vogt Marian , Selbach Leon , Penner Alexander , Tourte Maxime , Hepp Sebastian , Albers Sonja-Verena
Published: March 2024

ArnA and ArnB serve as regulators within the archaellum regulatory network by affecting the levels of archaellum components ArlB and ArlX in response to nutrient cues. Together, they form either a loose or a tight complex, whose transition is directed by phosphorylation via the kinase ArnC. For a structure-based analysis of this transition we solved a cocrystal structure of the ArnA/ArnB complex revealing that the zinc finger domain of ArnA interacts with the β-sandwich and C-terminal domain of ArnB. HDX data corroborate the phosphorylation-dependent transition from loose to tight ArnAB complexes. This transition depends on a structural transformation of ArnB by sequential phosphorylation, exposing the interaction surface of the C-terminal domain of ArnB for the forkhead-associated domain of ArnA. Furthermore, we found a striking structural similarity between ArnB and the membrane-curving proteins of the COPII vesicle system, Sec23/Sec24. The common Sec23/Sec24 core motif can be found in all domains of life, where it can apparently adopt a multitude of different functions. Overall, this implies that Sec23/Sec24 orthologs with a function in vesicle formation arose in Lokiarchaeota from related, but not necessarily functionally linked relatives as found in TACK Archaea.
Early-pregnancy N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level is inversely associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Takahashi Masaya , Suzuki Luka , Takahashi Nanase , Hanaue Mayu , Soda Masahiro , Miki Tamito , Tateyama Naoko , Ishihara Shiro , Koshiishi Taro
Published: March 2024

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are among the major causes of high maternal and fetal/neonatal morbidity and mortality rates. Patients with HDP have significantly elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels at diagnosis; however, the NT-proBNP levels during early pregnancy are largely unknown. This study aimed to validate the association between HDP and early-pregnancy NT-proBNP levels. This retrospective study evaluated 111 pregnant women who developed HDP and 681 who did not. The HDP group had significantly lower early-pregnancy NT-proBNP levels than the without HDP group. However, the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of the late-pregnancy NT-proBNP levels. After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, body mass index, aspirin use, parity, and blood pressure levels, high early-pregnancy NT-proBNP levels were associated with a lower HDP risk. Early-pregnancy NT-proBNP levels ≥ 60.5 pg/mL had a negative predictive value of 96.8% for ruling out HDP, with a sensitivity of 87.4% and specificity of 62.9%. In conclusion, elevated early-pregnancy NT-proBNP levels were associated with a lower HDP risk. Moreover, a cutoff point of ≥ 60.5 pg/mL for early-pregnancy NT-proBNP levels had a high negative predictive value and sensitivity for ruling out HDP. These findings can provide new clinical implications of these associations.
The Importance of Plasma Renin Concentration in Intensive Care Patients with Circulatory Shock
Authors: Turan Yasemin Bozkurt , Karakurt Sait
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Renin is a hypoperfusion marker and a good index of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the plasma renin concentration (PRC) can represent a tissue perfusion marker for predicting mortality in patients with circulatory shock in intensive care.
Method:
This prospective study involved patients aged 18 or over in a tertiary intensive care unit (ICU). Sixty-nine patients were included, 37 of whom constituted the circulatory shock group, and 32 a non-shock control group. Blood specimens were collected to measure PRC levels. Combined tests including PRC, mottling scores, central venous saturation of oxygen (ScvO2), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, and lactate were constituted.
Results:
The patients’ mean age was 61.5 (±16.4) years, and 58.0% (n=40) were men. Mean number of days in the ICU, ICU 28-day mortality, ICU 28-day dialysis requirements, ICU 28-day mechanical ventilation requirements, and adrenalin, noradrenalin, and terlipressin use were all higher in the patients with circulatory shock (p<0.05). Three-day survival following discharge from the ICU, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and ScvO2 levels were lower in the patients with circulatory shock (p<0.05). Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, lactate, creatinine, CRP, procalcitonin, PRC, and mottling score values were higher in the circulatory shock group (p<0.05). Median overall survival time (OST) was higher in the non-circulatory shock patients (17.00 days; Wilcoxon χ^2=5.016; p=0.038). The increase in mottling (HR:1.64(1.15 – 2.33); p<0.01) and PRC (HR=1.01(1.00 – 1.02); p<0.05) levels and the decrease in GFR (HR=0.98(0.96 – 0.99); p<0.05) values in the ICU patients were correlated with length of survival (-2 Log Likelihood=59.237; Chi-square=17.105; df=3; p<0.001 (p=0.0007)).
Combined test 1ᵈ (PRC, mottling, ScvO2, CRP, and procalcitonin), combined test 2ᵉ (PRC, lactate, and mottling), combined test 3ᶠ (PRC, lactate, mottling, CRP, and procalcitonin), and lactate emerged as indicators of 28-day mortality in patients with circulatory shock (p<0.05), although PRC did not represent such an indicator (p>0,05).
Combined test 1ᵈ (PRC, ScvO2, CRP, and procalcitonin) and combined test 3ᶠ (PRC, lactate, CRP, and procalcitonin) emerged as markers of 28-day survival in patients without circulatory shock (p<0.05), but not combined test 2ᵉ (PRC and lactate), PRC, or lactate (p>0.05).
Conclusion:
A significant association was observed between PRC levels and survival. Combining PRC levels with lactate, mottling score, CRP, and procalcitonin results in better prediction of mortality than PRC alone. PRC levels have the potential for use as a good marker for patients with circulatory shock.
Systemic Immune Inflammation Index as a Predictor of Disease Severity in Tetanus Patients
Authors: Cheng Dai , Jizheng Huang , Wei Sun , Liang Li , Guolei Han , Hao Yang
Published: March 2024

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the predictive value of the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) for the severity of disease in tetanus patients.
Methods
Clinical data of 34 tetanus patients admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang from January 2019 to December 2022 were analyzed. Based on whether patients received intensive care unit (ICU) treatment after admission, the patients were divided into ICU and non-ICU groups. The diagnostic value of SII for the severity of tetanus was assessed.
Results
Among the 34 patients, 18 (52.90%) were classified into the ICU group, and 16 (47.10%) into the non-ICU group. There were statistically significant differences in white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil count, and SII between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that SII was a risk factor for tetanus patients requiring ICU treatment. The area under the curve (AUC) for SII predicting ICU treatment in tetanus patients was 0.896 (95% CI 0.790–1.000, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The SII can serve as an objective predictive indicator for tetanus patients requiring ICU treatment.
Improving the timeliness of birth registration in Fiji through a financial incentive
Authors: Linhart Christine , Singh Neel , Nadakuca Meli , Saumaka Varanisese , Congdon Carlie , Serrao Sharita , Taylor Richard , Morrell Stephen
Published: March 2024

Background: Fiji is a Pacific Island nation of 884,887 (2017 census), with the predominant ethnic groups indigenous Fijians (iTaukei) (62%) and Fijians of Indian descent (31%). In Fiji, birth registration is considered on-time if completed within one year of a child’s birth. From August 2018 to July 2020, the government implemented a financial incentive tied to on-time birth registration called the Parental Assistance Payment Program (PAPP). This study reports on the effect of the PAPP on the timeliness of birth registration in Fiji.
Methods: Unit record birth registration data (n=117,842) for children born during 2016-22 were obtained from the Ministry of Justice. Mean birth-to-registration intervals (days between date-of-birth and date-of-registration) and the likelihood of on-time birth registration were analysed before the PAPP (January 2016–July 2018) compared to during the PAPP (August 2018-July 2020), by sex and ethnicity of the child, and by maternal age and marital status.
Results: Whilst the PAPP was available, the mean birth-to-registration interval declined sharply by 81%, from 665 days (95%CI: 658-671) to 124 days (121-127). The largest declines were among i-Taukei children (803 to 139 days, 83%) compared to non-iTaukei (283 to 76 days, 73%); mothers aged 10-19 years (880 to 134 days, 85%) compared to ≥20 years (653 to 123 days, 81%); and single mothers (983 to 145 days, 85%) compared to married mothers (570 to 115 days, 80%). On-time birth registration increased from 57% to 93%, and the adjusted odds ratio showed that children born during the PAPP were 5.2 times more likely to have their birth registered on-time compared to children born before the PAPP (p<.0001). When the PAPP was discontinued in August 2020, the birth-to-registration interval increased sharply in all population groups.
Conclusions: During the two-year period the PAPP was available, it was highly effective at improving the timeliness of birth registration, particularly among iTaukei children, young mothers, and single mothers. After the PAPP was discontinued, the timeliness of birth registration deteriorated sharply. Longer post-PAPP follow-up time (≠5 years) is required to determine whether the timeliness of birth registration has deteriorated to levels similar to those during the pre-PAPP period.
Malaria outbreak investigation in Siraro District, Oromia Region, Ethiopia,2021
Authors: Mideksa Girma , Gezahegn Takele
Published: March 2024

Background
In Ethiopia, malaria is highly seasonal in many communities with epidemic-prone transmission patterns and serious public health emergencies that have a major impact on health and the economy. This investigation aimed to assess malaria outbreaks, identify their risk factors and provide appropriate control & prevention measures of the infection in Siraro district,west Arsi,Oromia,Ethiopia.
Methods
A unmatched case-control study with a 1:1 case-to-control ratio was conducted in the Siraro District from 16 June 2021 to 03 August 2021. Seventy-four randomly selected cases and controls participated in this study. We reviewed the previous five year’s malaria data to establish a threshold level. Both descriptive and analytical statistical procedures were performed. The data were entered using Epi-Info version 7.2.4.0 software and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent factors associated with malaria infection.
Results
plasmodium Falciparum accounts for about 81.4%. Age group ≥ 5 years were the most affected with an attack rate (AR) of 2.04/1000. Multivariate analysis revealed the place of stay during night adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.62, 95% CI = 1.016–31.069, a person with malaria in the house with AOR 15.74,95% CI = 3.029–81.865, presence of stagnant water near to house AOR of 25.60, 95% CI = 4.696-139.649, availability of plants with temporary water pools in the compound an AOR of 90.94,95% CI = 9.019-917.012 and a person who does not hear about malaria prevention on insecticide-treated bed nets utilization adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) of 0.14,95% CI: 0.076, 1.061 were the main associated risk factors for the occurrence of the outbreak.
Conclusions
The main risk factors for the outbreak were people with malaria in the house, stagnant water, and plants with temporary water pools and it was positive for Anopheles larvae. We recommended identifying potential vector breeding sites and environmental management through community participation and redistribution of the ITN before malaria season and ITNs utilization gaps through health education.
Needs analysis of the construction of regional ethics committees at the grassroots medical institution based on the Kano model in Shanghai
Authors: Huang Dongmei , Wu Jiajun , Xiao Jiewen , Xie Renwei
Published: March 2024

Background: To investigate the demand for the establishment of a regional ethics committee (REC) among grassroots medical personnel in a district of Shanghai China. The findings of this study will serve as a reference for the future construction of the committee.
Methods: Using a questionnaire based on the Kano model to conduct the survey on 606 grassroots medical personnel in Shanghai to investigate their needs for the construction of RECs.
Results: Among them, 77.23% reported having knowledge of the RECs, 68.15% of respondents believed that the regional health administrative department or a level 2 or above comprehensive medical hospital recognized by it after evaluation should be responsible for constructing the RECs. Out of the 38 construction demand survey projects, 4 are Must-be Quality, 19 are One-dimensional Quality, 7 are Attractive Quality, and 8 are Indifferent Quality. The quadrant matrix diagram shows that 19 requirements are in the advantage area, 8 requirements are in the area that needs improvement, 7 are in the secondary improvement area, and 4 are in the maintenance area. No reverse or problematic attributes were found.
Conclusion: In the construction of RECs, relevant departments can use the attributes of the needs as benchmarks and promote construction in a hierarchical and phased manner. This will gradually achieve full coverage of the needs at all levels and track changes in the types of needs. The aim is to achieve a dynamic balance of the various types of needs at a higher stage.
Advancements in Helicobacter pylori: A Novel Culture AA-Medium for Helicobacter pylori Detection
Authors: Al-Rubaye AbdulRahman A. , Al-Thwaini Amina N.
Published: March 2024

This research provides crucial insights into the detection and culturing of Helicobacter pylori, a significant pathogen associated with gastric diseases. New culture media were prepared as X1, X2 and X3 in comparison with Columbia blood agar. Culturing success varied between Columbia blood agar and the novel X1-media which named as AA-media, while it failed on X2-media and X3-media. 48.8% of the positive samples were successfully cultured on Columbia blood agar and AA-media. Remarkably, colonies on AA-media displayed larger and distinct features within the first 24 hours, a stage achieved on Columbia blood agar after 48 hours. This research underscores the importance of considering alternative culture media to improve culture processing and obtaining rapid and distinctive results for the accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases.
RETRACTED: Precise baseline determination for InSAR formation-flying satellites based on spaceborne BDS-3 and GPS observations
Authors: Peng Dachen , Shao Kai , Gu Defeng , Zhang Houzhe , Huang Zhiyong , Yi Bin , Zhu Jubo
Published: March 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Determination of Significant Factors for Sugarcane Fiber Extraction as Potential Dielectric Composite Material
Authors: Zainol Norazwina , Radzi Mohamad Eizlan Mohammad , Aziz Nor Hazwani
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the significant factors involved in the extraction of sugarcane fiber as a potential dielectric composite material. The factors include sugarcane waste weight (0.5 and 2.5 g), ratio of sugarcane waste to distilled water (1:15 and 1:20), boiling time (30 and 50 minutes), and cutting length (5 and 10 cm). The factors were analyzed using the Design-Expert software through a two-level factorial analysis to determine the significant factor. The extracted fiber was analyzed for cellulose content using a Kurschner-Hanack method, and the permittivity value was determined through an Agilent vector network analyzer (VNA). The results show that the ratio of sugarcane waste to distilled water and boiling time were the two most significant factors contributing to the cellulose content and permittivity value of the extracted fiber. The best conditions for sugarcane extraction were obtained at 2.5 g sugarcane waste, 1:20 ratio of sugarcane waste to distilled water, 50 minutes boiling time, and cutting length of 10 cm, resulting in 47.25% cellulose and 3.12 permittivity value. The findings of this study suggest that sugarcane waste could be a potent material for dielectric composite with a suitable application as a microwave absorber.
Quality and safety management of advanced medical technologies in home care organisations: A qualitative survey along the road to uniformity in the Netherlands.
Authors: Haken Ingrid ten , Allouch Somaya Ben , Harten Wim H. van
Published: March 2024

Background:
A Quality Management System (QMS) in health care organisations encompasses not only policies, processes and necessary procedures, but should also encompass quality, safety, and risk management of medical technology (MT). Tactical and operational decision-making levels should be closely interconnected. Previous studies showed that nurses at the operational level do have a good awareness of patient safety, but especially in teams with a strong degree of self-organisation the interaction with tactical levels is an issue.
Methods:
A qualitative methodology was employed to explores the perspectives of employees who are responsible at a tactical level in homecare organisations concerning the quality and safety of advanced medical technologies (AMTs). Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposively sampled employees across the Netherlands. Data were analyzed thematically using mainly a deductive approach.
Results:
All organisations possess a QMS, with only seven participants indicating that there is a plan for the quality and safety of AMTs. Most organisations apply the national protocols in the use of AMTs and rely on the supplier’s maintenance protocols. Although some participants say that their organisation has no formal procedure for resolving malfunctions with AMTs, all know pathways to solve problems. Organisations use tailored training programs for nurses in using AMTs, but not all are testing knowledge and skills and/or demand the formal registration of competence of nurses. Professionals report an incident on a separate form in the electronic client file or via a separate reporting system. However, there is no uniformity within organisations about handling incidents. Most interviewees state that in any case, incidents are discussed in the team. On the dimension ‘reporting, evaluating and learning from incidents’, the prevalent patient safety culture is ‘proactive’ on average.
Conclusions:
There is a lack of uniformity regarding quality and safety procedures for the use of AMTs in homecare organisations and structured policies for the implementation, use and maintenance are needed. This study identified additional risk factors regarding individual competencies in the use of AMTs at home. Employees at a tactical level, seem to be more positive about the patient safety culture with AMTs in their organisations than nurses at operational level.
Resilience Promoting Social Networks Among Unpaid Dementia Caregivers: An Exploratory Project Protocol
Authors: Peckham Allie , Guest M. Aaron , Pituch Keenan , Hook Jane , Mporanyi Marlene Umubyeyi , Sadow Sage
Published: March 2024

Background
Unpaid caregivers of people living with dementia often experience lower levels of perceived life satisfaction and higher rates of depression and anxiety compared to those caring for individuals without Alzheimer’s Disease or Related Dementias. While research on unpaid caregiver well-being and satisfaction has primarily focused on the characteristics of people living with dementia and their dyadic relationships, it has not adequately explored the role of social networks in supporting unpaid caregiver well-being. In this study, we aim to fill this gap by taking an egocentric social network approach to understand the multiple dimensions of social relations among unpaid caregivers of people living with Alzheimer's Disease or Related Dementia.
Methods
We will conduct a mixed-methods, two-year exploratory study that involves a structured survey-based telephone interview in year one and semi-structured interviews in year 2 with caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLWD) recruited through community and healthcare partners. Participants will participate in one 60-minute interview in year 1 (n = 100) and a 45 to 60-minute semi-structured interview in year 2 (n = 75). Eligibility for caregivers includes being an unpaid caregiver, aged 40 years or older, residing and providing care in Arizona or Nevada. The survey consists of questions about caregiver and care recipient demographics, caregiver background, caregiver stress, resilience, well-being, and egocentric social network data. Network composition attributes, such as tie strength, the function of the relationship, and reliance on network members, will also be assessed. In year 2, qualitative semi-structured interviews will supplement these quantitative measures to understand network selection, perceived network changes over time, and network strength.
Discussion
This study aims to identify new insights into the attributes of unpaid caregivers caring for someone living with dementia and to understand which social network compositions are most effective in supporting caregiver well-being and resilience. Our findings will offer valuable insights into the types and qualities of support networks that can promote resilience and well-being among unpaid caregivers of persons living with dementia. The findings will be beneficial to understand how different roles, such as age, relationship type, and quality, shape experiences and outcomes associated with caregiving. Understanding which network attributes contribute to caregiver resilience and well-being will support the development of interventions promoting effective support networks for unpaid caregivers of people living with dementia.
Comparison of Coflex dynamic stabilization with BacFuse static stabilization for lumbar degenerative disease
Authors: Chen Hao , Yi Ding , Wu Gang , Hou Changju , Xie Tao , Bian Zhenyu , Li Maoqiang , Zhu Liulong , Wang Xuepeng
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To compare the clinical efficacy between BacFuse static interlaminar stabilization and Coflex dynamic interlaminar stabilization in patients with lumbar degenerative disease.
Methods: Sixty-one patents with lumbar degenerative disease who underwent Coflex and BacFuse interlaminar stabilization were included. Patient follow-up was conducted 1, 6, and 24 months after surgery.
Results:Back and leg visual analog scale scores and Oswestry Disability Index scores were significantly improved after surgery in both groups. Anterior disc height, posterior disc height, and foramina height at the targeted segment increased after surgery in the BacFuse group by 11.69%, 22.88%, and 19.62%, respectively. Between the 1- and 24-month follow-ups, mean disc height of the segment superior to the target decreased from 18.92 ± 1.68 mm to 18.65 ± 1.94 mm in the Coflex group and from 19.52 ± 1.58 mm to 19.07 ± 1.40 mm in the BacFuse group (P < 0.05). No new symptoms developed during follow-up.
Conclusions: BacFuse is a safe and effective alternative to Coflex interlaminar stabilization in patients with lumbar degenerative disease.
Prevalence, patterns and predictors of thyroid dysfunction among adult patients with diabetes mellitus attending Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital
Authors: Tamali Nihfadh Suleiman , Peris Alina , Awobajo Funmileyi O. , Muntari Bala , Prosper Ryamugwiza Muhammad , Ali Wardat Rashid , Muhumuza Joshua
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus and its consequences increase morbidity and mortality. Despite the significant consequences of thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus on each other reported in literature, there is lack of information about the prevalence, patterns and predictors of thyroid dysfunction among adult diabetics in Uganda. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence, patterns and predictors of thyroid dysfunction among adult patients with diabetes mellitus attending Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital (FPRRH).
Methods
This was a cross sectional study conducted at FPRRH between August and October 2023. 385 Adult patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled and assessed for thyroid dysfunction by measuring the free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Thyroid dysfunction was diagnosed if any of the 3 was not in the normal ranges. The predictors of thyroid dysfunction were determined using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS version 26.
Results
Among the 385 patients enrolled, majority were female with a mean age of 54.4 (SD = 15.8) years. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 22.1% (95% CI = 17.7–26.2%). The commonest pattern of thyroid dysfunction was subclinical hypothyroidism 42 (49.4%), followed by clinical hypothyroidism 22(25.9%), subclinical hyperthyroidism 13 (15.3%) and clinical hyperthyroidism 8 (9.4%). The significant independent predictors of thyroid dysfunction were duration of DM ≥ 6 years (aOR = 1.874, P = 0.003), presence of DM complications [peripheral neuropathy (aOR = 3.034, P < 0.001) and diabetic foot (aOR = 5.730, P < 0.001)] and having a high fasting blood sugar (aOR = 1.729, P = 0.017).
Conclusion
The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was high. Routine screening for thyroid dysfunction should be done among adult patients with diabetes mellitus during their diabetes clinic in order to decrease the complications through early diagnosis and treatment.