bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВПЛИВ ФІЗИКО-ХІМІЧНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ФЕРМЕНТАЦІЇ НА СКЛАД ТЕРМОКИСЛОТНОЇ СИРНОЇ МАСИ
Authors: Орлюк Юрій
Published: February 2023

Предмет дослідження. Процес ферментації термокислотної сирної маси при виробництві сирів відноситься до однієї з найважливіших технологічних операцій, яка впливає на формування органолептичних показників готового продукту та показники його якості. Корекція фізико-хімічних параметрів процесу ферментації дозволяє коригувати його активність та гарантовано отримувати готовий продукт із заданими фізико-хімічними показниками. Визначення основних параметрів процесу ферментації термокислотної сирної маси являє собою невід’ємну частину технохімічного контролю сироробного виробництва і потребує наукового обґрунтування. Вплив фізико-хімічних параметрів процесу ферментації термокислотної сирної маси (температурних режимів ферментації, кислотності середовища ферментації та тривалість процесу ферментації) значною мірою формує склад та характеристики термокислотного сиру, що і зумовлює актуальність досліджень з їх визначення. Мета. Розробити склад середовища ферментації та визначити вплив фізико-хімічних параметрів процесу ферментації на склад та властивості термокислотної сирної маси. Методи. Визначення активної кислотності дослідних матеріалів відбувалися за допомогою іономіра «ИМ-160М» з іонселективним електродом. Кількісні показники та показники якості визначали за загальноприйнятими методиками. Графоаналітичну та аналітичну обробку одержаних результатів експериментів здійснювали згідно з методами при довірчій вірогідності α = 0,95. Результати. Лабораторні дослідження дозволили визначити склад середовища ферментації термокислотної сирної маси та вплив фізико-хімічних параметрів ферментації на фізико-хімічні показники термокислотного сиру. Раціональною температурою ферментації термокислотної сирної маси допустимо вважати режим за температури 200С. Підвищення температури ферментації сирної маси призводить до зростання в ній масової частки вологи та зниження величини її активної кислотності. Зниження температури ферментації сирної маси до 100С дещо погіршувало її смак та запах, а підвищення температури ферментації погіршувало, не тільки, смак та запах, а й консистенцію. Отримано результати експериментальних досліджень щодо визначення впливу фізико-хімічних параметрів ферментації на склад та властивості термокислотної сирної маси. Зміна температури середовища ферментації, його кислотність тощо можливо регулювати склад термокислотної сирної маси, її фізико-хімічні властивості, органолептичні показники. Сфера застосування результатів. Результати досліджень мають науково-практичний характер і можуть бути використані науковцями при досліджені процесів термокислотної коагуляції білків молока. Їх допустимо використовувати як довідкову інформацію при розробці технологій нових видів сирів термокислотних фахівцями молокопереробної галузі.
IDENTIFYING MEASURES FOR INCREASING RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION FROM AGROINDUSTRIAL RESIDUES AND WASTES IN UKRAINE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE BEST PRACTICES IN LATVIA
Authors: Митченок Олександр , Зеверта-Рівза Сандія
Published: February 2023

Subject of research. The measures facilitating biogas and biofuels production from agro-industrial wastes and residues. Purpose. To conduct state-of-the-art review of policy measures and actions in Latvia stipulating growth production of biofuels and biogas from agro-industrial residues and wastes. Based on Latvian experience and policy actions, authors will identify key institutional, legal, policy measures and conditions for benefitting from biofuel/biogas production from agro-industrial residues and wastes in Ukraine. Methods. For the research, a systematic approach to factual materials was used, conceptual research through observing and analyzing legal acts and other policy documents, available data etc., and abstract-logical approach to generalize research results and formulate conclusions. The materials used for the studies included publications, research and policy papers, reports of public institutions and NGOs etc. Results. Ukraine is facing energy, economic and social challenges due to the dependence on import of energy resources aggravated due to unprovoked invasion of russian federation. At the same time, Ukraine possessing profound agricultural and food potential has an abundant supply of residues and by-products, combined with agro-industrial wastes. These resources have already found vast applications in Latvia and other EU countries for energy purposes, including production of renewable energy. Key measures for promoting and facilitating biogas and biofuel production in Ukraine should be based on Latvian experience regarding sound and sustainable development of biogas and biofuel industry. Scope of research results. The results are supposed to be used for identifying critical policy needs and policy levers to foster deployment of biofuel technologies as a part of a sustainable value chain in agriculture production and processing in Ukraine.
ЦИРКУЛЯРНА ЕКОНОМІКА ЯК ЕФЕКТИВНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ СКОРОЧЕННЯ ВТРАТ ТА ВІДХОДІВ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВА В УКРАЇНІ ТА СВІТІ
Authors: Коваленко Ольга , Ященко Людмила
Published: February 2023

Предмет дослідження. Теоретико-методологічні положення та практичні засади щодо формування основ розвитку циркулярної економіки в продовольчій сфері України як інструмента скорочення втрат та відходів. Мета. Надати оцінку розвитку циркулярної економіки в продовольчій сфері України та світу на основі вивчення тенденцій щодо утворення та поводження з відходами і втратами при виробництві харчової сировини й продовольства. Методи. Для досягнення мети дослідження використано загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи: діалектичний і логічний – для узагальнення наукових основ розвитку циркулярної економіки в продовольчій сфері; економіко-статистичний – для обробки, аналізу та прогнозування статистичних даних; табличний та графічний – для візуалізації та узагальнення результатів дослідження. Результати. Рейтинг циркулярної економіки виявив диференційоване ставлення до утворення відходів у провідних європейських країнах. У цілому найефективніше до розвитку циркулярної економіки відносяться у Німеччини, хоча за рахунок великої кількості населення там утворюються значні обсяг харчових відходів. В Україні обсяги побутових відходів в 1,5 раза перевищують аналогічні обсяги в середньому по Європі. Обсяги відходів виробництва харчових продуктів в Україні (жом, дефекат, меляса, сировотка тощо) сягають 3,7 млн т. Значна частка цих відходів утилізується (близько 40% дефекату та 60% сировотки) й повторно не переробляється. Водночас, останнім часом спостерігаються позитивні тенденції до скорочення обсягів втрат і відходів продовольчої сировини та її подальшої переробки. Зокрема частка втрат і відходів у виробництві зернових та зернобобових за останні 10 років постійно знижується й до 2025 року, за наявних тенденцій, може зменшитися вдвічі. Скорочення втрат продовольчої сировини є запобіжним заходом вирішення проблеми голоду у світі. Поки що ж, щорічні обсяги відходів зернових в Україні еквівалентні обсягам продовольства, яким можна було б нагодувати 2 млн осіб. Сфера застосування результатів. Результати мають науково-практичний характер і можуть бути використані науковцями у подальших дослідженнях щодо розвитку циркулярної економіки в продовольчій сфері. Вони можуть слугувати джерелом довідкової та методичної інформації та використовуватися економістами, спеціалістами підприємств харчової та переробної промисловості, фахівцями органів влади, науковими працівникам, викладачами, аспірантами і студентами вищих навчальних закладів.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО РИНКОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ КРАЇНИ
Authors: Сало Інна , Степура Людмила , Івановський Андрій
Published: February 2023

Предмет дослідження. Особливості формування економічної думки щодо ринкового регулювання в умовах трансформації економічних відносин в країні. Мета. На основі узагальнення досліджень науковців запропоновувати авторський підхід висвітлення теоретичних підходів ринкового регулювання з урахуванням трансформації економічних відносин в країні. Методи. Для вирішення завдань дослідження використано такі методи наукового пізнання: теоретичного узагальнення, діалектичний, історико-логічний, аналізу й синтезу, індукції та дедукції, наукового абстрагування. Результати. Встановлено, основні напрями сучасної світової економічної науки відображають альтернативні моделі розвитку капіталізму: неокласичну (монетаристську) – розвиток на основі механізму ринкового саморегулювання; кейнсіанську (неокейнсіанську) – розвиток із використанням активного державного впливу на економіку. Слід також не залишати поза увагою такі важливі напрям світової економічної науки, як соціально-інституційний і марксистський. Вони виступають (кожен зі своїх позицій) із критикою можливостей ринкового механізму в розвитку економіки та вирішенні соціальних завдань, за визнання регулівної ролі держави в економіці, виняткової ролі в розвитку суспільства, обмеженої історичної ролі капіталізму як соціально-економічної системи. Доведено, що центральною проблемою при дослідженні ринкової економіки є визначення пропорцій в економіці країни. Це й найбільш загальна пропорція між виробництвом і споживанням, пропорції між засобами виробництва та споживчими благами та послугами, створеними впродовж року в складі суспільного продукту. Вони, хоча й створюють спрощену, абстраговану від ряду факторів уяву про процес відтворення, однак дозволяють виявити основні, найбільш значимі взаємозв’язки й описати їх у системі показників. Відомо кілька історичних підходів до опису взаємозв’язків національного відтворення. Сфера застосування результатів. Результати проведених досліджень можуть бути використанні в процесі розробки системи макроекономічних заходів щодо розвитку адміністративно-територіальних утворень та країни в цілому.
Pendekatan Empirik Menyelesaikan Masalah Filsafat
Authors: Aska Fahcri
Published: February 2023

PendahuluanPerlu disadari ilmu hukum adalah ilmu yang sangatlah kompleks, mulai dari kajiannya filosofis, pengembangan keilmuannya baik teoritis maupun praktis, sampai kepada wujud konkret dari eksistesinya yang tidak lain didedikasikan kepada masyarakat berupa produk-produk hukum, solusi terhadap baik perkara hukum publik maupun perkara hukum privat yang ditemukan sehari-hari di tengah masyarakat, bahkan tidak jarang beraspek multidimensi, atau dengan kata lain ilmu hukum tanpa dukungan ilmu-ilmu lain terkadang tidak mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan hukum secara tuntas dan menyeluruh.Filsafat hukum mengkaji hukum dari segi hakikat atau inti hukum dengan memberikan keterampilan berfikir logis, kritis, dan radikal dalam menganalisis dan mengintlementasikan nilai-nilai hokum pada masalah yang dihadapi.Filsafat hukum merupakan obyek materi filsafat. Filsafat hukum senantiasa ada kaitannya dengan filsafat moral dan sistem nilai. Filsafat hukum dalam perkembangannya senantiasa berhubungan dengan masalah kekuasaan negara dan kaitan dengan ilmu hukum, tidak lepas dari persoalan hubungan teori hukum dan dogmatika hukum. Berfikir secara filsafat, berarti kita berupaya untuk merenungkan segala sesuatu sebagai suatu utopia terhadap sesuatu hal disekitar dunia kita, untuk mencari suatu kebenaran, dan keajegan di alam semesta ini, yang penuh dengan misteri dan penuh mitos untuk dapat terkuak segala rahasia yang tersembunyi.
The Impact of Human Activity on the Amazon Rainforest (v5)
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: February 2023

The Impact of Human Activity on the Amazon Rainforest
MELIHAT FILSAFAT HUKUM DARI SUDUT PANDANG ILMU HUKUM
Authors: Hondo Siska
Published: February 2023

Filsafat lahir di yunani pada abad ke-enam (SM) Dalam bahasa yunani filsafat di sebut philosophia yang berasal dari dua akar kata yakni "philos" dan "shopos". "philos" mempunyai arti cinta, persahabatan, sedangkan "shopos" berarti hikmah, kebijaksanaan, pengetahuan dan intelegensia. Dengan demikian maka philosophia ini dapat di artikan sebagai cinta dan kebijaksanaan. Pengertian filsafat secara umum hampir sama tetapi yang membedakan hanyalah dari para filsafat yang memaparakan teori filsafat tersebut. Kemudian muculnya zaman filsafat modern dengan perkembangan yang semakin berubah pula seiring perkembangan zaman. Sehingga dari awal munculnya filsafat yand dapat masuk kedalam setiap ilmu pengetahuan maka tidak menutup pula filsafat masuk kedalam bidang ilmu hukum sehingga dalam perkembangannya ilmu filsafat menjadi di terapkan kedalam ilmu filsafat hukum.
Laporan Reportase EBC Expo Malang
Authors: Calvin Aquino Calvin Teno Cahyono
Published: February 2023

Pameran adalah suatu kegiatan penyajian karya seni rupa untuk dikomunikasikan sehingga dapat diapresiasi oleh masyarakat luas. Sehingga Pengertian Pameran merupakan suatu bentuk dalam usaha jasa pertemuan. Yang mempertemukan antara produsen dan pembeli namun pengertian pameran lebih jauh adalah suatu kegiatan promosi yang dilakukan oleh suatu produsen, kelompok, organisasi, perkumpulan tertentu dalam bentuk menampilkan display produk kepada calon relasi atau pembeli.
Differential expression of SFRP1 in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined public and published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding secreted frizzled related protein 1, SFRP1, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. SFRP1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of SFRP1 in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. SFRP1 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
Does Traditional Teacher Training Matter? Differences in Teaching Quality Between Alternatively Certified and Traditionally Certified Teachers
Authors: Lucksnat Christin , Richter Eric , Henschel Sofie , Hoffmann Lars , Schipolowski Stefan , Richter Dirk
Published: February 2023

The present study investigates whether alternatively and traditionally certified teachers differ in their teaching quality. We conducted doubly latent multilevel analysis using a large-scale dataset with student ratings on the quality of instruction provided by 1,550 traditionally and 135 alternatively certified secondary school mathematics teachers in Germany. Findings show no evidence of differences in teaching quality between alternatively and traditionally certified teachers. Independent of the type of certification, novice teachers scored lower on classroom management than experienced teachers. Findings suggest that beginning teachers—whether alternatively or traditionally certified—need to be better prepared for classroom management before starting to teach.
PEMILIHAN TUJUAN UNTUK MELANJUTKAN JENJANG PENDIDIKAN SISWA DI SMAN 1 DAN SMAN 2 DI KOTA BAGANSIAPIAPI KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR
Authors: Hidir Achmad
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the selection of goal for continiung education students at SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 in Bagansiapiapi City. Rokan Hilir Regency. This Study Uses an independent Variebel Consisting of actros,resources and noms, and the dependent variebel. SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 Bagan sapiapi. With respondents totaling 84 students. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive quantitative methods, correlation tests, and Simple Linear Regression tests. Correlation Test Results for resources sig. 0.723 <0.05, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) in this study is unacceptable. So it can be said that there is no relationship between resources and the selection of goals to continue their education students at SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 in Bagansiapiapi City, Rokan Hilir Regency, while the sig. 0.00 <0.05 then the alternative hypothesis (Ha) in this study is accepted. So it can be said that there is a relationship between norms and the selection of goals to continue their education students at SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 Bangko in Bagansiapiapi City, Rokan Hilir Regency. The results of the Simple Linear Regression Test obtained a coefficient of determination (R square) of 0.587, meaning that the influence of resources, norms on the selection of goals for continuing education students at SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 in Bagansiapiapi City, Rokan Hilir Regency is 58.7% while 41. 3% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.
Implementasi kontitusionalisme dalam pemerintahan daerah
Authors: mentari Desi
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperdalam keahlian mereka terkait penerapan konstitusionalisme di pemerintahan daerah. Prasyarat pemerintah daerah adalah mandiri. Upaya tersebut dapat diimplementasikan dengan cara-cara yang dapat mengoptimalkan produktivitas dan efisiensi energi di pemerintah daerah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam pertimbangan ini adalah kebiasaan analisis pustaka..
Pameran Rintisan Wirausaha Binus Malang
Authors: candra michael eldorado
Published: February 2023

Deskripsi dan perbandingan singkat beberapa rintisan wirausaha yang hadir padakegiatan EBC Expo 2022 oleh BINUS Malang
The Benefits of Zoos to Society and Animals
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: February 2023

The Benefits of Zoos to Society and Animals
Differential expression of AOX1 in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding aldehyde oxidase 1, AOX1, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. AOX1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of AOX1 in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. AOX1 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
MASALAH MASALAH FILSAFAT HUKUM
Authors: Pratama Aldo
Published: February 2023

Filsafat merupakan induk atau sumber segala sumber semua ilmu pengetahuanuntuk mencapai taraf hidup manusia yang lebih tinggi. Dalam memenuhi kebutuhandan kepentingan kelangsungan hidup manusia menggunakan penalaran akal(rasionalisme) dan pengalaman (empirisme) dengan menerapkan metode yangdipakai oleh filsafat.
Rangkuman Materi New Venture Creation
Authors: winarendra franceline princesa
Published: February 2023

Artikel ini berisikan semua materi yng diajarkan oleh dosen pada mata kuliah New Venture Creation
The Impact of Science on Species Extinction Risk (v5)
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: February 2023

The Impact of Science on Species Extinction Risk
Reportase Pameran Program Studi Kewirausahaan BINUS Malang
Authors: Azzahri Ellina Fahra
Published: February 2023

Pameran atau expo bisnis dimanfaatkan sebagai pelaku usaha khususnya perintis untuk memasarkan produk mereka sehingga produk mereka ter-expose dalam masyarakat. Esai ini ditulis dengan tujuan meneliti perbandingan kegiatan pemasaran antar bisnis rintisan yang dimiliki mahasiswa BINUS Malang dengan merinci diferensiasi, target pasar, pain, gain dan informasi lain yang relevan.
IT-BASED FILTER FOR A SEQUENTIAL MONTE CARLO INVERSION STRATEGY
Authors: Otero Fernando , Ghlam Karima , Managó Bianca Bietti
Published: February 2023

In this article, we propose and develop an information-theoretic filter for a three-step Sequential Monte Carlo(SMC) inversion procedure. The last stage in this procedure corresponds to a filter, which selects/rejects samplesaccording to a noise level, only known approximately up to a certain order of magnitude. Therefore, we have designedan information-theoretic (IT)-based filter which selects this noise level instead of choosing an approximate but stillarbitrary value for it. A cut-off level is calculated using an optimization scheme based on the principle of relevantinformation (PRI). The PRI has been used to balance the minimization of the entropy of the prior PDF with thediscrepancy between the original data and the solution found by the SMC procedure. Finally, we briefly analyze theperformance of the filter for the computation of both solution and approximate noise level in simulated cases of anapplication inverse problem.
Differential expression of MYLK in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined public and published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding myosin light chain kinase, MYLK, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. MYLK mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of MYLK in pancreatic tumors was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. MYLK expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
The Impact of Human Activity on the Amazon Rainforest
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: February 2023

The Impact of Human Activity on the Amazon Rainforest
Rekomendasi Membeli Waralaba Indonesia
Authors: candra michael eldorado
Published: February 2023

Waralaba adalah bentuk kerja sama bisnis antara pemilik merk, produk, atau systemoperasional dengan pihak kedua yang berupa pemberian izin untuk pemakaian merk, produk,dan system operasional.Di dalam model bisnis waralaba ini terdapat 2 elemen yang tetap yaituFranchisor dan Franchisee
Kunjungan Pameran
Authors: winarendra franceline princesa
Published: February 2023

Expo atau pameran merupakan sebuah acara yang digunakan untuk mempromosikan sesatu kepada banyak orang. Tujuan dari dibuatnya pameran adalah untuk saling memperlihatkan sesuatu yang dapat memberikan informasi bagi orang lain atau digunakan untuk berjualan.Bagi pelaku bisnis bari, pameran sambat bermanfaat untuk mempromosikan produk atau jasa yang dijual.
PERMAINAN PIN BOWLING DARI BOTOL BEKAS
Authors: susanto susanto
Published: February 2023

Bermain memiliki fungsi dan manfaat bagi anak yaitu dapat kecerdasan spasial, dan kinestetik-jasmani, ketika anak mencari strategi, memperkirakan kekuatan yang digunakan, melempar bola, dan berusaha menjatuhkan kaleng sebanyak mungkin, 2) kecerdasan logis-matematis, anak dapat menghitung kaleng-kaleng/botol-botol yang telah jatuh, 3) kecerdasan intrapribadi dan antarpribadi, ketika bekerja sama untuk membereskan kembali kaleng-kaleng/botol-botol yang telah jatuh 4) kecerdasan verbal/linguistik dapat berkembang ketika anak berdiskusi mengenai permainan ini.
Conservation Cropping and the Cost of Science (v2)
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: February 2023

Conservation Cropping and the Cost of Science
The Banker Kerja Keras dan Jeli Membangun Wirausaha Perbankan
Authors: Pradana Adian Arya
Published: February 2023

The Banker Kerja Keras dan Jeli Membangun Wirausaha Perbankan
Differential expression of EGF in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding epidermal growth factor, EGF, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. EGF mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of EGF in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. EGF expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
The Benefits of Zoos: A Look at the Science and Ethics Behind Animal Protection
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: February 2023

The Benefits of Zoos: A Look at the Science and Ethics Behind Animal Protection
Correlations between visual temporal resolution and individual alpha peak frequency: Evidence that internal and measurement noise drive null findings
Authors: Deodato Michele , Melcher David
Published: February 2023

The brain organizes the continuous flow of sensory input by parsing it into discrete events. In the case of two flashes separated by a brief interstimulus interval, for example, perception may be of a single flash or two distinct flashes, depending on the interstimulus interval but also on the speed of processing. A number of studies have reported evidence that participants with a higher EEG peak alpha frequency are able to detect the presence of two flashes separated by short intervals, while those with slower alpha report only one flash. Other studies have not found this correlation. We investigated potential factors that might mask the relationship between individual alpha frequency and visual perception. We recorded resting-state EEG from a large sample of participants (N=50) and measured the temporal resolution of visual perception with the two-flash fusion task. We found that individual alpha frequency over posterior channels predicted the two-flash fusion threshold, in line with previous studies, but this correlation was significant only when taking into account the steepness of the psychophysical curve of the two-flash task. Participants with a relatively shallow psychophysical curve, likely reflecting high sensory and/or decision noise, failed to show this relationship. These findings replicate previous reports of a correlation between alpha frequency and visual temporal resolution, while also suggesting that an explanation of two-flash fusion performance that neglects the role of internal noise might be insufficient to account for all individual differences.
Age and Gender Differences in Narcissism: A Comprehensive Study Across Eight Measures and Over 250,000 Participants
Authors: Weidmann Rebekka , Chopik William J. , Ackerman Robert A. , Allroggen Marc , Bianchi Emily C. , Brecheen Courtney , Campbell William Keith , Gerlach Tanja M. , Geukes Katharina , Grijalva Emily , Grossmann Igor , Hopwood Christopher James , Hutteman Roos , Konrath Sara , Kuefner Albrecht , Leckelt Marius , Miller Josh , Penke Lars , Pincus Aaron L. , Renner Karl-Heinz , Richter David , Roberts Brent , Sibley Chris G , Simms Leonard , Wetzel Eunike , Wright Aidan G.C. , Back Mitja D
Published: February 2023

Age and gender differences in narcissism have been studied often. However, considering the rich history of narcissism research accompanied by its diverging conceptualizations, little is known about age and gender differences across various narcissism measures. The present study investigated age and gender differences and their interactions across eight widely used narcissism instruments (i.e., Narcissistic Personality Inventory, Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, Dirty Dozen, Psychological Entitlement Scale, DSM-IV NPD, Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire-Short Form, Single Item Narcissism Scale, and brief version of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory). The findings of Study 1 (N = 5,736) revealed heterogeneity in how strongly the measures correlated. Some instruments loaded clearly on one of three factors proposed by previous research (i.e., neuroticism, extraversion, antagonism), while others cross- loaded across factors and in distinct ways. Cross-sectional analyses using each measure and meta-analytic results across all measures (Study 2) with a total sample of 270,029 participants suggest consistent linear age effects (random effects meta-analytic effect of r = -.104), with narcissism being highest in young adulthood. Consistent gender differences also emerged (random effects meta-analytic effect was -.079), such that men scored higher in narcissism than women. Quadratic age effects and age x gender effects were generally very small and inconsistent. We conclude that despite the various conceptualizations of narcissism, age and gender differences are generalizable across the eight measures used in the present study. However, their size varied based on the instrument used. We discuss the sources of this heterogeneity and the potential mechanisms for age and gender differences.
Development of social cognition: the essential role of the cerebellum
Authors: Olson Ingrid R. , Hoffman Linda , Jobson Katie R , Popal Haroon S , Wang Yin
Published: February 2023

Seminal work in the 1990’s found alterations in the cerebellum of individuals with social disorders including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. In healthy populations, distinct portions of the posterior cerebellum are consistently activated in fMRI studies of social cognition and it has been hypothesized that the cerebellum plays an essential role in social cognition, particularly in theory of mind. Here we review the lesion literature and find that the effect of cerebellar damage on social cognition is strongly linked to the age of insult, with dramatic impairments observed after prenatal insult, strong deficits observed after childhood damage, and mild and inconsistent deficits observed following damage to the adult cerebellum. To explain the developmental gradient, we propose that early in life, the forward model dominates cerebellar computations. The forward model learns and uses errors to help build schemas of our interpersonal worlds. Subsequently, we argue that once these schemas have been built up, the inverse model, which is the foundation of automatic processing, becomes dominant. We provide suggestions for how to test this, and also outline directions for future research.
Public Discourse on the Science of Reading (SoR)
Authors: Hwang HyeJin , Allen Laura , Stagnaro Kyle , Kendeou Panayiota
Published: February 2023

Our goal in this research brief is to examine and document the state of the public discourse on Twitter around the SoR before and after Emily Hanford’s first reporting in 2018. Using data science and natural language processing techniques, we found that the intensity (i.e., the how much), nature (i.e., the what), and the sentiment (i.e., the feelings) of the discussion changed after the reporting. We discuss the implications of the results in relation to reading education as well as science communication around reading.
Design and simulation of Surface Plasmon Resonance based Solid Core Photonic crystal fiber biosensor
Authors: H. Hadi Ahmed , S. Mohammed Firas , Salman AL-Basaam Sudad
Published: February 2023

The purpose of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor is to achieve a maximal sensitivity for the detection of unknown analytes. Outside of the PCF, the chemically stable and inert plasmonic material gold (Au) was utilized. A solid core photonic crystal fibre (SC-PCF) with an endlessly single-mode was designed in this work, with both the centred core and holes in the cladding structured by circles. The SC-PCF was designed with a single solid center core surrounded by a six-ring hexagonal cladding. SC-PCF was measured utilizing the finite element method (FEM) and the perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition. The FEM was used to investigate the performance using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The proposed biosensor shows  amplitude sensitivity of (167 to 886.38) RIU−1  within the sensing range of (1.3435 to 1.3471). Due to structural simplicity and excellent sensing properties, the proposed PCF can be regarded as a good biosensor.
Landsat8 vs. Sentinel-2: Land Use / Land Cover Change mapping for Karbala Governorate, Iraq, 2017 and 2021
Authors: Riyadh Wdaah Enas , Asal Kzar Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Satellite images are the essential data source for analyzing and monitoring land cover on various time scales, particularly across large regions. Landsat satellite data with a medium resolution was used to estimate land cover change over a 40-year period.This data contains information on land use and land cover patterns, is now freely available in the international archives. The LULC Remote Sensing Study assists in the ongoing detection and mitigation of crucial habitat risks to protect the environment. Sentinel-2, a satellite mission launched by the European Space Agency between 2015 and 2017 that uses high-resolution 10-day time-lapse multispectral data, gives a new opportunity for ground-based mapping and monitoring in the tropics. We employed 2015 ERDAS, a supervised classification method employing the maximum likelihood technique, to achieve this goal in Karbala/Iraq. This study examines if There is a significant difference in quality of data supplied by Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 photographs in terms of change-detection maps of land use and land coverfor 2017 and 2021, the results of two satellites were compared ,They showed that their overall accuracy increased by 2.07% for 2017 and 1.83% for 2021, which is more overall accuracy than Landsat-8.
EFEKTIVITAS PELAYANAN SIM CORNER PADA ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Revilia Sherina Aureliza , Widiyarta Agus
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelayanan SIM Corner pada era new normal di Tunjungan Plaza Surabaya. Penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelayanan SIM Corner pada era pandemi covid-19 yang terjadi ini membawa pengaruh ke pelayanan publik dan pada era new normal sekarang ini terdapat anjuran daripemerintah bahwa pelayanan publik sudah kembali normal tetapi tetap menerapkan protokol kesehatan dengan mencuci tangan menggnakan masker dan berjaga jarak agar memutus penularan covid-19. Maka SIM Corner merupakan pelayanan yang mayoritas digunakan oleh masyarakat dikarenakan SIM merupakan syarat wajib bagi pengemudi. Maka sebagai pelayanan publik SIM Corner Tunjungan Plaza Surabaya di tuntut untuk memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketepatan waktu yang belum sesuai.Kata kunci: Efektivitas, Pelayanan Publik, SIM Corner, New Normal
Association between vitamin D and C-reactive protein level in post-COVID recovery period
Authors: Chakraborty Sisir , Sinha Sanchayan , Ghosh Sengupta Soumita , Satwika Sinha  , Chakraborty Indranil
Published: February 2023

Background: Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic shows a spectrum of symptoms and complications which are variably dependent on individual’s immune status. Vitamin D deficiency, often preexisting, causes poor prognosis in the post-COVID recovery phase of the survivors characterized by increased C-reactive protein (CRP) and decreased D-dimer levels.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to find any correlation exists between vitamin D level and inflammatory marker CRP and D-dimer in post-COVID period.
Materials and Methods: Seventy post-COVID recovery patients from the follow-up medicine outpatient department of College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital were tested for vitamin D, D-dimer, and serum CRP levels.
Results: CRP levels of patients with lower vitamin D level (<20 ng/ml) were significantly higher (P<0.001) than the patients with higher vitamin D level. The D-dimer levels of vitamin D deficient group found to be significantly higher than the other group. There is statistically significant negative correlation found between CRP and vitamin D level and significant positive correlation has been found between D-dimer and vitamin D (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Vitamin D may have an important role in recovery stage of COVID patients.
Sensitivity and specificity of a rapid antigen assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 during the surge of B.1.1.529 variant
Authors: Showkat Ahmad Lone  , Tufail Ahmed  , Aashaq Hussain Allaie  , Umara Amin  , Kowsar Jan  , Amrit Pal Kour  , Junaid Ahmad
Published: February 2023

Background: As COVID-19 spread across the globe, the new variants continued to emerge, leading to a rapid surge in the cases and thereby overwhelming the testing laboratories. As Rapid antigen test kits became available, they complimented the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based testing and thereby moderately disburdening the testing laboratories. However, to increase the testing capacities, the regulatory authorities approved these rapid kits with little scrutiny. Therefore, validation of rapid antigen testing kits becomes essential before they are used as viable alternatives to RT-PCR based testing.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of OSKIT SARS-CoV-2 corona antigen test (Oscar Medicare Pvt. Ltd., India) to that of COVID-19 ONE-STEP RT-PCR KIT (Meril Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd., India).
Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, spanning the peak of third wave in India (Between December 1 and January 31, 2022), 242 specimens were collected and analyzed by comparing their results both by OSKIT SARS-CoV-2 Corona Antigen Test and COVID-19 ONE-STEP RT-PCR KIT. The various clinico-epidemiological attributes of the patients were taken into consideration and used to analyze the results.
Results: Rapid antigen tests (RAT) was positive in 44 individuals, giving an overall sensitivity of 67.31%. Sensitivity increased when Ct value of below 30 was taken a positive or when only symptomatic individuals were taken for analysis. Sensitivity was highest in case the duration of symptoms was <5 days (92.86%). When comparing RAT results with Ct value of the screening gene (N gene), a higher proportion of positive cases was observed for lower Ct values. Further analysis revealed that majority of the RAT positive cases were from that subset of symptomatic patients who had a history of symptoms of <5 days.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 rapid antigen test evaluated in this study was able to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection with high viral loads in both asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. Thus, this test can serve as a rapid tool for reducing community spread of the virus. The study concludes that the duration since symptom onset greatly affects sensitivity of antigen testing.
A cross-sectional comparative study of anxiety and depression among doctors working in covid care centres during the first and second waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Rajaraman Nivetha  , Arumugam Balaji , Annamalai Radhakrishnan  , Vikram Ashokkumar  , Arunagirinathan Keerthana
Published: February 2023

Background: Doctors are at significant risk of developing psychological morbidity during the coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic due to the shortage of resources and changing medical protocols. The fear, stigma, prejudice, and marginalization toward COVID-19 added with the physical discomfort of using personal protective equipment kits leads to mental exhaustion among doctors.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate and compare the prevalence and level of anxiety and depression along with its risk factors among doctors working in COVID Care centers during the COVID-19 pandemic’s First and Second wave.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study among 200 doctors working in the COVID care centers using mailed questionnaires was conducted. A convenient sampling method was used to include the study participants. Collected data were entered in an MS Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.
Results: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the observed prevalence of the symptoms of depression and anxiety respectively among doctors was 42% and 56% whereas it increased to 83% and 82%, respectively, during the second wave.
Conclusion: The present study highlighted the high prevalence of anxiety and depression among doctors. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to sweep the world, the global doctors’ community have to be sensitized to the prevalence of psychological disorders and a necessary appropriate psychological support strategy needs to be developed.
Study on the assessment of disease severity in COVID-19 patients from D-dimer estimation in a tertiary care level hospital, in West Bengal
Authors: Bhaduri Bhattacharyya Nandini , Bardhan Jayati
Published: February 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a RNA virus which infects both human beings and animals. COVID-19 infection is presently a very important, global health related problem. It is contagious. The COVID-19 or severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 virus affects the lungs very commonly through the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor which is present in abundance on the surface of type II alveolar cells. It leads to SARS. The severely ill COVID-19 patients suffer from massive intra vascular clot formation. Therefore, coagulation tests are very useful to assess the severity of the cases.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study is to assess, that whether by examining the blood of a COVID-19 patient for D-Dimer, the treating physician can judge the severity of the case and come to a conclusion regarding the line of management.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the departments of Pathology and Radiology of RG Kar Medical College. Records of the patients who were admitted for COVID-19, from September 2020 to September 2021, have been studied for their D dimer levels. The computed tomography (CT) scan findings of the respective patients have also been studied from the departmental records.
Results: In our study, the median value of D-Dimers of 80 samples came out to be 1.4. (1) CT scores, (2) presence or absence of crazy paving sign, and (3) perilobular fibrosis in CT scan have been studied and compared with the median D Dimer values. It has been seen from our study that out of 54 cases whose D-Dimers were <1.4, 41 cases had moderate CT score, and 13 had CT score in the severe range, 26 cases had crazy paving sign in their CT findings, and 28 cases did not show crazy paving sign in their CT findings, and 22 cases had perilobular fibrosis in their CT reports, and 32 cases did not have perilobular fibrosis. The P-values came out to be <0.05 for all the three parameters.
Conclusion: We concluded from the study that D-Dimer levels can reflect the severity of lung parenchymal injury and can be used to judge the severity and to plan the line of management of COVID cases.
Postdural puncture headache incidence with 25G and 27G Quincke needles after spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section
Authors: Biswal Debadas , Mishra Jagannath , Sahu Bimal Prasad , Jena Shibanee , Smruti Ranjan Nayak
Published: February 2023

Background: Post dural puncture headache(PDPH) is a bilateral occipito-frontal headache occurs in 0.1 to 36% of cases receiving spinal anesthesia. We evaluated the incidence of PDPH after spinal anesthesia using two commonly used needles, 25G and 27G Quincke needles among females undergoing elective cesarean section.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the post-dural puncture headache with 25G And 27G Quincke Needle – in terms of Incidence, severity in patients after spinal anesthesia for elective caesarean section and to find out number of attempts for successful block and any associated complications.
Materials and Methods: Six hundred females of ASA grade I or II posted for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were enrolled into two equal groups to assess incidence of PDPH in the post-operative period. They were assessed by a blinded observer for the onset of headache, characteristics, duration, severity, and any associated symptoms for 5 days. PDPH was defined as postural headache that was aggravated by sitting or standing position and relieved by lying supine.
Results: The incidence of PDPH was 11% in 25G needle group and 6.33% in the 27G needle group [Risk Ratio of 0.58 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.99)]. In none of the groups, intensity of headache was severe while all were mild in the 27G group. Nausea and vomiting were the only associated symptomatology, 7.33% in the 25G group and 5.67% in the 27G group.
Conclusion: The results support 27G Quincke needle to administer spinal anesthesia in females undergoing elective cesarean section.
Multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of buccal mucosa cancer
Authors: Nikhilendra Reddy AVS  , Deepti Naik  , Anil Kumar Sakalecha  , Rajeswari G  , Yashas Ullas L  , Revanth RB  , Suryakanth Anne
Published: February 2023

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent kind of tumor of the buccal mucosa. For the purpose of planning surgery and radiotherapy for tumors of the tongue, floor of the mouth, and oropharyx, imaging to locate the size and extent of the original tumor is essential. Therefore, it is beneficial to determine the radiation field, to ensure adequate tumor margin excision, and overall to improve the patient’s prognosis.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of computed tomography (CT) scan in diagnosis of buccal mucosal malignancies and its characteristics.
Materials and Methods: Total 50 patients suspecting buccal mucosa cancer were referred to Radiology Department. They were subjected for CT scan examination on 16 slice CT scanner. CT scan evaluation was made for size and extent of primary mass lesion. The staging of disease was performed with TNM classification.
Results: In our study, out of 50 patients, the fourth decade (30%) and fifth decade (26%) saw the highest incidence of buccal mucosa cancer. The majority of the patients were suffering from severe disease; 44% had T4 stage and 58% had Stage IV.
Conclusion: CT plays a very important role in staging of buccal mucosa malignancy and effectively detects bone erosion (98% sensitive) and invasion to infratemporal fossa. However, during the early stages of cancer, a CT scan might not be very helpful.
Current management strategies of emphysematous pyelonephritis – Our institutional experience
Authors: Rajkumar Ramakrishnan  , Senthilkumar Poovathai  , Rajasekar Sundaram  , Shravankumar Savadatti  , Gopu Rakesh Vamsi  , Sammohit Gulakavarapu
Published: February 2023

Background: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is commonly seen in uncontrolled diabetes patients. Appropriate identifications of risk factors and timely management underline the outcome in such patients.
Aims and Objectives: The objectives of this study were to study the various risk factors, clinical features, and radiological classification of EPN. The specific objective of this study was to study various management approaches such as medical management, minimally invasive procedures, and nephrectomy.
Materials and Methods: We prospectively analyzed 128 patients from January 2021 to July 2022 – documented clinical data, laboratory data, imaging findings, interventions, and outcomes of patients with EPN.
Results: Among 128 patients, 96 were female and 32 were male. Among them, 110 were diabetic. All had symptoms of fever and flank pain. Based on CT findings, EPN was classified as Class 1 (n=30), Class 2 (n=54), Class 3a (n=24), Class 3b (n=16), and Class 4 (n=4). Escherichia coli (n=75) most common organism grown. Majority were treated with antibiotics. Thirty-six patients underwent percutaneous drainage, 12 patients percutaneous nephrostomy, and 25 patients subjected to DJ stenting. Nephrectomy was done in 7.8%. Mortality rate in our study was 6.25%.
Conclusion: EPN management requires multidisciplinary approach including adequate hydration and electrolyte imbalance management, broad spectrum antibiotics, strict glycemic control, effective urinary drainage, and lastly nephrectomy.