bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QR Based Attendance System
Authors: Mr. Atharva Sharad Dabhade  , Mr. Kartik Kishor Kadam  , Mr. Kartik Kishor Kadam  , Mrs. Shobhana Gaikwad
Published: February 2024

QR-based attendance systems leverage QR codes to identify individuals, streamlining attendance tracking in educational and other settings. They comprise a backend database for user information, classes, and attendance records, and a frontend user interface for interaction. The precision of this system prevents proxy attendance, ensuring accurate attendance records by requiring each individual to scan their unique QR code.
QR attendance systems offer flexibility. Administrators can effortlessly add or remove participants, classes, and attendance criteria. They can also connect with other tools like student databases for a seamless experience. These systems leverage QR codes for marking attendance. Unique QR codes are assigned to individuals and scanned with a mobile device or camera. Each QR code stores data such as name, identification number, and other pertinent information.
This system replaces old-fashioned attendance methods like sign-in sheets, roll-calls, and swipe cards. It's accurate, error-free, and saves time. Attendance information is available instantly, allowing teachers, and administrators to track attendance in real-time. The QR code system is safe because each code is unique and can only be used once. Only authorized people can mark attendance, which cuts down on scams and misuse. Finally, this system is cheap and doesn't need much upkeep or infrastructure
Estratégias coletivas de cuidar promovidas por equipes da unidade básica de saúde a idosos
Authors: Silva Letícia Pacheco , Sousa Natália Carvalho Barbosa de , Muniz Thais Renata , Silva Paulo Sérgio da
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Conhecer as estratégias coletivas de cuidar promovidas pelas equipes mínimas de Unidades Básica de Saúde com pessoas idosas. Métodos: Estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em cinco unidades básicas de saúde situadas do município de Boa Vista, capital do estado de Roraima. Foram incluídos 20 profissionais atuantes na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas no período de maio de 2021 a abril de 2022. A análise foi orientada pelo referencial de Laurence Bardin e os achados organizados em dois quadros temáticos. Resultados: No âmbito da promoção da saúde à pessoa idosa, foram conhecidas duas dimensões temáticas, a saber: atividades em grupo e educação em saúde. Na primeira unidade temática, as estratégias coletivas de cuidar estiveram relacionas com atividades em grupo de pessoas idosas hipertensas e diabéticas, grupos de atividades físicas, grupos de dança e atividades coletivas em datas comemorativas. A segunda unidade temática apresentou a palestra como centralidade da educação em saúde, mediada pelos seguintes temas: Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, uso de medicações, e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Conclusão: Conhecer as estratégias coletivas de cuidar promovidas por equipes da unidade básica de saúde trouxe à tona a necessidade de repensar as práticas das atividades em grupo e da educação em saúde protagonizadas nos serviços de saúde. Com efeito, devem ser consideradas estratégias coletivas que valorizem a saúde em detrimento da doença e correntes dialógicas capazes de fortalecer a autonomia e emancipação da pessoa idosa.
Desafios da Sexagem no Diagnóstico Genético Pré-Implantacional: limites da Autonomia, Diversidade e Identidade na Perspectiva Bioética e Legal
Authors: Furlaneto Neto Mário , Bertoncini Carla , Pavelski Bruna Guesso Scarmagnan
Published: February 2024

Propõe-se discutir o uso da reprodução humana assistida, especificamente no que se refere ao uso do diagnóstico genético pré-implantacional. Diante da evolução e da possibilidade de não só identificar possíveis doenças nos descendentes, mas também o sexo do embrião, com emprego do método dedutivo e os procedimentos de revisão bibliográfica e legislativa, reflete-se sobre os limites éticos que envolvem o emprego da referida técnica no âmbito brasileiro. Conclui-se que a regulamentação acerca dos limites de uso da técnica são escassos, que podendo haver amparo legal para admitir o diagnóstico genético pré-implantacional para prevenir doenças graves, porém, seu emprego para definir o sexo do embrião fere a liberdade de identificação de gênero, podendo gerar controle social.
Business continuity plan in the management and operations of hospitals: First experience to certify the PDTA processes with the requirements defined by ISO 22301:2019 in emergency medical services
Authors: Dell’Atti Lucio , Papa Roberto , Incicchitti Leonardo , Zanni Maria Katia , Zampa Andrea , Caporossi Michele
Published: February 2024

Background: A business continuity plan (BCP) facilitates the performance of primary functions during emergencies or other situations that can disrupt normal operations. If risk management is done analytically, a business impact analysis (BIA), according to ISO 22301 certification, makes it possible to define the best strategy for supporting the company’s assets and image, optimizing the operational efficiency of service recovery and redesigning spaces for health. Since 2015, our healthcare company has embarked on a certification process for all sectors and activities through the implementation and development of diagnostic and therapeutic paths for operational diagnostic-therapeutic-assistance pathways (PDTAs). PDTA processes are all certified by the ISO 9001:2015 management system hospital. Our hospital is the first healthcare company to have obtained ISO 22301:2019 certification concerning PDTA processes, offering patients the highest standards of quality and safety of care in emergency medical services.

Methods: The formal BCP process includes several steps prior to the creation of a BCP: create a BCP team, conduct a BIA, determine the continuity plan by using the results of the analyses, and conduct training and exercises to educate staff and improve the BCP.

Results: From the BIA analysis, the team identified the time-employee PDTAs in company paths under emergency and urgency: acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), TRAUMA, and STROKE, providing for a planning path that took advantage of the duration of approximately 12 months. This path included the creation of structural procedures, the redefinition and updating of the PDTA in the light of the BCP, the preparation of exercises aimed at guaranteeing the business continuity objectives, and, finally, the awareness of our stakeholders regarding its correct application.

Conclusions: With a business continuity management (BCM) system, companies take preventative measures to ensure they can start operations again quickly in an emergency. An exhaustive BIA in a hospital company reveals the effects when processes fail, how critical each process is for the company, and the amount of time required to get up and running again, thus providing the organization with important information for risk management. The measures for handling risks derived from this analysis are incorporated into a BCM system where the emergency plans are defined, too, so that business operations continue even in the event of an emergency.
Community-based organizations at the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic: Strategies for building equitable COVID-19 vaccine uptake and distribution
Authors: Powell Rachel , Oladipupo Brittany , Evans Dorothy , Sidibe Turquoise
Published: February 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the disproportionate negative health outcomes faced by racial and ethnic minority communities as a result of various factors that affect health equity. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the overwhelming disparities within communities, public health agencies have aimed to establish partnerships with community-based organizations (CBOs) to distribute information about COVID-19 to populations expressing vaccine hesitancy, recognizing that they are necessary partners in ensuring and maintaining equitable distribution of resources. In line with the National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC Foundation)’s Health Equity Strategy, the CDC Foundation’s Response, Crisis and Preparedness Unit (RCPU) team is responsible for managing the portfolio of more than 110 grants to CBOs across 14 grant opportunities by private and federal funding that supports the COVID-19 response. The goal is to promote activities, including support for sharing of accurate, culturally appropriate vaccine information to address concerns and the development and strengthening of strategic partnerships to support effective community outreach and vaccination. Most, if not all of the CBOs use similar techniques to address equitable vaccine uptake and distribution by partnering or becoming vaccine providers via mobile or pop-up clinics, engaging community health workers, door-to-door canvasing, conducting listening sessions, providing incentives, and hosting community events and communications campaigns. As of June 23, 2022, the funded CBOs have collectively reached over 14.8 million individuals with COVID-19 safety and vaccine education messaging, administered 288,197 COVID-19 vaccinations within their communities, and partnered with 416 public health jurisdictions and 853 community organizations. Two case studies are provided to share specifics on strategies and activities done toward providing equitable information and vaccine distribution. This rapid and flexible grant management process allowed CBOs to focus on the areas of greatest need in their community and select strategies that would be well-received by community members.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with varicose veins in Albania: a retrospective, single-centre analysis
Authors: Mulita Francesk , Dimopoulos Platon , Verras Georgios-Ioannis , Mustaqe Petraq , Jaho Jerina , Leivaditis Vasileios , Tchabashvili Levan , Tasios Konstantinos , Antzoulas Andreas , Pitros Christos , Papadoulas Spyros , Katsakiori Paraskevi F.
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Chronic venous disease (CVD) constitutes a frequently underdiagnosed pathological condition that progressively diminishes patients’ quality of life and imposes an escalating strain on healthcare resources. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the epidemiological landscape of varicose vein disease, examining age group distributions, gender patterns, residence influences, marital status correlations, weight considerations, educational impacts, and various aspects related to varicose veins.

Material and methods

This was a single-centre retrospective analysis, in Albania from May 2018 to September 2023. Data were collected retrospectively through hospital records. Data collection involved administering a structured questionnaire to study participants, categorically organised into three sections. The first section focused on collecting demographic information, the second section involved self-perception of identifying risk factors associated with varicose veins, and the final section included inquiries about the history of variceal surgery.

Results

The CEAP classification distribution in our cohort revealed a predominant presence of C2 (varicose veins) in 53.3% of patients, followed by C3 (oedema) at 29.2%, and C4 (changes in skin and subcutaneous tissue secondary to CVD) at 10.5%, whereas C5 (healed venous ulcer) and C6 (active venous ulcer) were less frequent. Based on the body mass index (BMI) scale, data from patients indicated that 9.7% were in the category of underweight, 54.8% had a normal BMI, and 35.5% were categorised as overweight.

Conclusions

The study’s thorough exploration of patient perspectives, risk factors, and treatment choices contributes to a holistic understanding of varicose vein management, emphasising the importance of personalised approaches that account for demographic variations and individual beliefs.
Egy elfeledett játék nyomában : Nemzetközi világposta a táncmulatságokban (1880-1930-as évek)
Authors: Oravec Éva
Published: February 2024

A nemzetközi világposta elnevezésű játék a táncmulatságok részeként az 1880-as évek végén jelent meg Budapesten, majd néhány év alatt országszerte elterjedt. A képeslapok megvásárlásából befolyt összeget legtöbbször jótékony célra ajánlotta fel a rendezőség, díjazták a legtöbb levelet eladó és a legtöbbet megkapó leányt. Egy este alatt akár több ezer képeslap is forgalomba került a bálteremben. Idővel megjelentek változatai, a játékot a szervezők rugalmasan alakították, a lényeg azonban nem változott: titkos üzeneteket küldhettek egymásnak a fiatalok a mulatságban, olykor szerelmek szövődtek, máskor derültséget okozott, a rendezőségnek pedig bevételt jelentett. Az egyesületek megjelenésével és a mulatságok átalakulásával együtt ez a játék is a vidék polgárosodásának része lehetett. Ezzel együtt megállapítható, hogy magyar sajátosság maradt, melyet minden bizonnyal a magyar kreativitás teremtett a megjelenő új eszköz, a levelezőlap felhasználásával.
Remények, változások és reformok 1953-1954
Authors: Simándi Irén
Published: February 2024

A tanulmány célja, hogy a Szabad Európa Rádió (továbbiakban SZER) amerikai vezetése által 1953-ban és 1954-ben kiadott dokumentumainak elemzésével bemutassuk, hogyan reagált a rádió az 1953 tavaszától a Kelet-Közép-Európában történt eseményekre. Mennyire látta át a változásokat, értékelte valós eredményeknek a politikában, a gazdaságban és a társadalomban elindult folyamatokat. Milyen irányelveket fogalmazott meg az egyes nemzeti osztályok műsorpolitikájának megváltoztatása érdekében. A tanulmányból az is kiderül, a SZER Magyar Osztályának vezetője, Dessewffy Gyula,1 milyen alapelveket fogalmazott meg a Nagy Imre-kormány „új szakasz”-politikájának, bemutatására, támogatására.
A Győri Állami Tanítónőképző-intézet látogatási könyve 1875-1936
Authors: Horváth László
Published: February 2024

A 19. század oktatási intézményeiben rendszeresített látogatási könyvek nevelés- és művelődéstörténeti forrásként szolgálnak a mai kor embere számára. A Győri Állami Tanítónőképző-intézet már létrehozásának első éveiben a támogatottság hátszelét érezve kezdhette meg oktató-nevelő munkáját. Az intézetet meglátogató országos ismertségű oktatási szakemberek, pedagógusok, politikusok, közéleti szereplők és a város polgárságát képviselő személyiségek érdeklődésükkel és jelenlétükkel hozzájárultak a tanítónőképző országos tanintézménnyé válásához. Jelen tanulmány célja a látogatási könyv segítségével felvázolni az intézmény történetének egy szeletét, kiegészítve a 19–20. századi aláírások és bejegyzések grafológiai szempontból érdekes képi bemutatásával.
Egy pápai tanítóképzős diák viszontagságos iskolakezdése
Authors: Varga József
Published: February 2024

Tanulmányom az egykor Pápán működő állami tanítóképző intézet első néhány évének, illetve tanulóinak mindennapjait mutatja be. Nem az adott korszakban keletkezett hivatalos dokumentumok alapján láthatjuk az intézmény első tanéveinek történetét, hanem egy tanulmányait éppen ekkor kezdő diáknak, Füzi Mihálynak barátaihoz írt levelei tükrében. E levelek tartalma szubjektív, eredendően nem a széles nyilvánosság számára szánt. Ugyanakkor az iskola életének e sajátos szempontú, a diák szemszögéből történő rögzítése sok érdekes adattal egészíti ki s ezzel mintegy elevenné teszi a hivatalos iskolatörténetet. Az is egyértelműen kirajzolódik, hogy a diákok pályaválasztása, iskolaválasztása az adott korszak iskolarendszerének keretein belül mennyire függ a család társadalmi és anyagi helyzetétől.
Champs de Markov et séries chronologiques d’images multicapteurs et multirésolution
Authors: HEDHLI Ihsen , MOSER Gabriele , SERPICO Sebastiano B. , ZERUBIA Josiane
Published: February 2024

Ce chapitre traite le problème de la génération d'une carte de classification à partir d'images de télédétection. Il propose une approche d’analyse basée sur plusieurs quad-arbres en cascade pour résoudre le problème difficile de la fusion multicapteur, multifréquence et multirésolution, à des fins de classification de séries chronologiques d’images.
Aeolus wind lidar observations of the 2019/2020 quasi-biennial oscillation disruption with comparison to radiosondes and reanalysis
Authors: Banyard Timothy P. , Wright Corwin J. , Osprey Scott M. , Hindley Neil P. , Halloran Gemma , Coy Lawrence , Newman Paul A. , Butchart Neal , Bramberger Martina , Alexander M. Joan
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) was unexpectedly disrupted for only the second time in the historical record during the 2019/2020 boreal winter. As the dominant mode of atmospheric variability in the tropical stratosphere and a significant source of seasonal predictability globally, understanding the drivers behind this unusual behaviour is very important. Here, novel data from Aeolus, the first Doppler wind lidar (DWL) in space, are used to observe the 2019/2020 QBO disruption. Aeolus is the first satellite able to observe winds at high resolution on a global scale, and it is therefore a uniquely capable platform for studying the evolution of the disruption and the broader circulation changes triggered by it. This study therefore contains the first direct wind observations of the QBO from space, and it exploits measurements from a special Aeolus scanning mode, implemented to observe this disruption as it happened. Aeolus observes easterly winds of up to 20 m s−1 in the core of the disruption jet during July 2020. By co-locating with radiosonde measurements from Singapore and the ERA5 reanalysis, comparisons of the observed wind structures in the tropical stratosphere are produced, showing differences in equatorial wave activity during the disruption period. Local zonal wind biases are found in both Aeolus and ERA5 around the tropopause, and the average Aeolus-ERA5 Rayleigh horizontal line-of-sight random error is found to be 7.58 m s−1. The onset of the QBO disruption easterly jet occurs 5 d earlier in Aeolus observations compared with the reanalysis. This discrepancy is linked to Kelvin wave variances that are 3 to 6 m2 s−2 higher in Aeolus compared with ERA5, centred on regions of maximum vertical wind shear in the tropical tropopause layer that are up to twice as sharp. The enhanced lower-stratospheric westerly winds which are known to help disrupt the QBO, perhaps with increasing frequency as the climate changes, are also stronger in Aeolus observations, with important implications for the future predictability of such disruptions. An investigation into differences in the equivalent depth of the most dominant Kelvin waves suggests that slower, shorter-vertical-wavelength waves break more readily in Aeolus observations compared with the reanalysis. This analysis therefore highlights how Aeolus and future DWL satellites can deepen our understanding of the QBO, its disruptions and the tropical upper-troposphere lower-stratosphere region more generally.
The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of the Chongzhen Drought (1627–1644) in China and its Impact on Famine
Authors: Chen Siying , Su Yun , Chen Xudong , Yang Liang Emlyn
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Investigations of past extreme climate events offer insights into the interactions between natural forces, ecosystems, and human societies. The Chongzhen Drought, which occurred from 1627 to 1644 CE, stands as possibly the most severe drought in central and eastern China over the last 1500 years, remarkable for its duration, extent, and the vast number of people affected. Concurrently, a widespread famine emerged, triggering peasant uprisings that were argued as having contributed to the Ming Dynasty's downfall. This study extracted 1,802 drought records and 1,977 famine records from Chinese historical documents to reconstruct the spatial-temporal progression of the drought and its impact on famine. The records provided drought information of season, duration, and intensity, which enabled a classification of four drought severity levels. Then kernel density estimation reconstructed the spatial pattern of drought and the Drought Kernel Density Index (DKDI) series in sub-regions. Between 1627 and 1644, the drought affected most of central and eastern China. The severe drought zone was mainly located north of 29° N, shifting from Northwest China to North China and then expanding to the south. The development of drought in different regions was not synchronized. Northwest China faced the earliest drought outbreak, which eased in the middle period and peaked in 1640. North China's DKDI series forms a single-peaked curve, indicating a gradual aggravation of the drought from 1633 to 1640. The Yangtze-Huai Region's DKDI series shows a multi-peaked curve, with repeated cycles of worsening and easing drought, peaking in 1641. Furthermore, the reconstruction of the spatio-temporal progression of famine revealed overlapped ranges and similar development trends to that of the drought. The years marking the peak of the Famine Kernel Density Index (FKDI) in Northwest China, North China, and the Yangtze-Huai Region coincided with those of the DKDI. Regression analysis identified drought as the primary factor triggering famine, accounting for approximately 67.3 % of its occurrence. In North China, the contribution of drought was higher, at 73.4 %. Series and correlation analyses indicate a continuity of 2–3 years in drought's impacts on famine. The paper further clarified the dominant pathway of climate impact transmission in this case: extreme drought → declining agricultural harvest → food shortage → famine. Other natural and socio-economic factors, such as locust infestations, nomadic invasions, and economic decline, also played a role in the occurrence of famine. Human response measures were instrumental in regulating the transmission of climate change impacts.
Does the Asian Summer Monsoon Play a Role in the Stratospheric Aerosol Budget of the Arctic?
Authors: Graßl Sandra , Ritter Christoph , Tritscher Ines , Vogel Bärbel
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The southeast Asian monsoon has a strong convectional component, with which aerosols are able to be lifted up into the lower stratosphere. Due to usually long lifetimes and long-range transport aerosols remain there much longer than in the troposphere and are also able to be advected around the globe. Our aim of this study is a synergy between modelled tropical aerosol tracers by Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) and KARL (Koldewey Aerosol Raman Lidar) at AWIPEV, Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic, by comparing back- and forward trajectories with exemplary days of Lidar measurements as well as analyse the stratospheric aerosol background. We use global 3-dimensional Lagrangian transport simulations including surface origin tracers as well as back-trajectories to identify source regions of the aerosol particles measured over Ny-Ålesund. We analysed Lidar data for the year 2021 and found the stratosphere generally clear, without obvious aerosol layers from volcanic eruptions or forest fires. Still an obvious annual cycle of the backscatter coefficient with higher values in late summer to autumn and lower values in late winter have been found. Results from CLaMS model simulations indicate that from late summer to early autumn filaments with high fractions of air which originate in South Asia – one of the most polluted regions in the world – reach the Arctic in altitudes between 360 K and 380 K potential temperature. We found a coinciding measurement between the overpass of such a filament and Lidar observations, we estimated that backscatter and depolarisation increased by roughly 15 % during this event compared to the background aerosol concentration. Hence we demonstrate that the Asian summer monsoon is a weak but measurable source for Arctic stratospheric aerosol in late summer to early autumn.
Large contribution of soil emissions to the atmospheric nitrogen budget and their impacts on air quality and temperature rise in North China
Authors: Sha Tong , Yang Siyu , Chen Qingcai , Li Liangqing , Ma Xiaoyan , Zhang Yan-Lin , Feng Zhaozhong , Boersma K. Folkert , Wang Jun
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Soil emissions of nitrogen compounds, including NO and HONO, play a significant role in atmospheric nitrogen budget. However, HONO has been overlooked in previous research on soil reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions and their impacts on air quality in China. This study estimates both soil NOx and HONO emissions (SNOx and SHONO) in North China with an updated soil Nr emissions scheme in a chemical transport model, the Unified Inputs for WRF-Chem (UI-WRF-Chem). The effects of soil Nr emissions on O3 pollution, air quality and temperature rise are also studied, with a focus on two key regions, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) and Fenwei Plain (FWP), known for high soil Nr and anthropogenic emissions. We find that the flux of SNOx is nearly doubled those of SHONO; the monthly contributions of SNOx and SHONO account for 37.3 % and 13.5 % of anthropogenic NOx emissions in the BTH, and 29.2 % and 19.2 % in the FWP during July 2018, respectively. Soil Nr emissions have a significant impact on surface O3 and nitrate, exceeding SNOx or SHONO effects alone. On average, soil Nr emissions increase MDA8 O3 by 16.9 % and nitrate concentrations by 42.4 % in the BTH, 17.2 % for MDA8 O3 and 42.7 % for nitrate in the FWP. Reducing anthropogenic NOx emissions leads to a more substantial suppressive effect of soil Nr emissions on O3 mitigation, particularly in BTH. Soil Nr emissions, via their role as precursors for secondary inorganic aerosols, can result in a slower increase rate of surface air temperature. This study suggests that mitigating O3 pollution and addressing climate change in China should consider the role of soil Nr emission, and their regional differences.
Cropland expansion drives vegetation greenness decline in Southeast Asia
Authors: Zhao Ruiying , Luo Xiangzhong , Yang Yuheng , Syahid Luri , Chen Chi , Lee Janice
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Land use and land cover changes (LUCC) is a key factor in determining regional vegetation greenness, impacting terrestrial carbon, water, and energy budgets. As a global hotspot of LUCC, Southeast Asia has experienced intensive cropland and plantation expansions in the past half-century, yet their impacts on regional greenness have not been elucidated. Here, we harmonized multiple land cover datasets, and used satellite-derived leaf area index (LAI) in combination with a machine learning approach to quantify the impacts of LUCC on vegetation greenness in insular Southeast Asia (i.e., Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo islands). We found that regional LAI shows almost no trend (0.04 × 10-2 m2 m-2 yr-1) from 2000 to 2016, as a net effect of increased LAI (+5.71 × 10-2 m2 m-2 yr-1) due to CO2 fertilization, offset by decreased LAI mainly due to cropland expansion (-4.46 × 10-2 m2 m-2 yr-1). The impact of croplands on greenness in Southeast Asia contrasts with that in India and China. Meanwhile, oil palm expansion and climate change induced only small decreases in LAI in Southeast Asia (-0.41 × 10-2 m2 m-2 yr-1 and -0.38 × 10-2 m2 m-2 yr-1, respectively). Our research unveils how LAI changes with different processes of LUCC in Southeast Asia and offers a quantitative framework to assess vegetation greenness under different land use scenarios.
Reconstruction of hourly coastal water levels and counterfactuals without sea level rise for impact attribution
Authors: Treu Simon , Muis Sanne , Dangendorf Sönke , Wahl Thomas , Oelsmann Julius , Heinicke Stefanie , Frieler Katja , Mengel Matthias
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Rising seas are a threat to human and natural systems along coastlines. The relation between global warming and sea level rise is established, but the quantification of impacts of historical sea level rise on a global scale is largely absent. To foster such quantification, here we present a reconstruction of historical hourly (1979–2015) and monthly (1900–2015) coastal water levels and a corresponding counterfactual without long-term trends in sea level. The dataset pair allows for impact attribution studies that quantify the contribution of sea level rise to observed changes in coastal systems following the definition of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Impacts are ultimately caused by water levels that are relative to the local land height, which makes the inclusion of vertical land motion a necessary step. Also, many impacts are driven by sub-daily extreme water levels. To capture these aspects, the factual data combine reconstructed geocentric sea level on a monthly timescale since 1900, vertical land motion since 1900 and hourly storm-tide variations since 1979. The inclusion of observation-based vertical land motion brings the trends of the combined dataset closer to tide gauge records in most cases, but outliers remain. Daily maximum water levels get in closer agreement with tide gauges through the inclusion of intra-annual ocean density variations. The counterfactual data are derived from the factual data through subtraction of the quadratic trend. The dataset is made available openly through the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) at https://doi.org/10.48364/ISIMIP.749905 (Treu et al., 2023a).
A diatom extension to the cGEnIE Earth system model – EcoGEnIE 1.1
Authors: Naidoo-Bagwell Aaron A. , Monteiro Fanny M. , Hendry Katharine R. , Burgan Scott , Wilson Jamie D. , Ward Ben A. , Ridgwell Andy , Conley Daniel J.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We extend the ecological component (ECOGEM) of the carbon-centric Grid-Enabled Integrated Earth system model (cGEnIE) to include a diatom functional group. ECOGEM represents plankton community dynamics via a spectrum of ecophysiological traits originally based on size and plankton food web (phyto- and zooplankton; EcoGEnIE 1.0), which we developed here to account for a diatom functional group (EcoGEnIE 1.1). We tuned EcoGEnIE 1.1, exploring a range of ecophysiological parameter values specific to phytoplankton, including diatom growth and survival (18 parameters over 550 runs) to achieve best fits to observations of diatom biogeography and size class distribution as well as to global ocean nutrient and dissolved oxygen distributions. This, in conjunction with a previously developed representation of opal dissolution and an updated representation of the ocean iron cycle in the water column, resulted in an improved distribution of dissolved oxygen in the water column relative to the previous EcoGEnIE 1.0, with global export production (7.4 Gt C yr−1) now closer to previous estimates. Simulated diatom biogeography is characterised by larger size classes dominating at high latitudes, notably in the Southern Ocean, and smaller size classes dominating at lower latitudes. Overall, diatom biological productivity accounts for ∼20 % of global carbon biomass in the model, with diatoms outcompeting other phytoplankton functional groups when dissolved silica is available due to their faster maximum photosynthetic rates and reduced palatability to grazers. Adding a diatom functional group provides the cGEnIE Earth system model with an extended capability to explore ecological dynamics and their influence on ocean biogeochemistry.
A comparison of two causal methods in the context of climate analyses
Authors: Docquier David , Di Capua Giorgia , Donner Reik V. , Pires Carlos A. L. , Simon Amélie , Vannitsem Stéphane
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Correlation does not necessarily imply causation, and this is why causal methods have been developed to try to disentangle true causal links from spurious relationships. In our study, we use two causal methods, namely, the Liang–Kleeman information flow (LKIF) and the Peter and Clark momentary conditional independence (PCMCI) algorithm, and we apply them to four different artificial models of increasing complexity and one real-world case study based on climate indices in the Atlantic and Pacific regions. We show that both methods are superior to the classical correlation analysis, especially in removing spurious links. LKIF and PCMCI display some strengths and weaknesses for the three simplest models, with LKIF performing better with a smaller number of variables and with PCMCI being best with a larger number of variables. Detecting causal links from the fourth model is more challenging as the system is nonlinear and chaotic. For the real-world case study with climate indices, both methods present some similarities and differences at monthly timescale. One of the key differences is that LKIF identifies the Arctic Oscillation (AO) as the largest driver, while the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the main influencing variable for PCMCI. More research is needed to confirm these links, in particular including nonlinear causal methods.
Aerodynamic model comparison for an X-shaped vertical-axis wind turbine
Authors: Giri Ajay Adhyanth , Morgan Laurence , Wu Yan , Bretos David , Cascales Aurelio , Pires Oscar , Ferreira Carlos
Published: February 2024

Abstract. This article presents a comparison study of different aerodynamic models for an X-shaped vertical-axis wind turbine and offers insight into the 3D aerodynamics of this rotor at fixed pitch offsets. The study compares six different numerical models: a double-multiple streamtube (DMS) model, a 2D actuator cylinder (2DAC) model, an inviscid free vortex wake model (from CACTUS), a free vortex wake model with turbulent vorticity (from QBlade), a blade-resolved unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) model, and a lattice Boltzmann method (from PowerFLOW). All models, except URANS and PowerFLOW use the same blade element characteristics other than the number of blade elements. This comparison covers the present rotor configuration for several tip-speed ratios and fixed blade pitch offsets without unsteady corrections, except for the URANS and PowerFLOW which cover a single case. The results show that DMS and 2DAC models are inaccurate – especially at highly loaded conditions, are unable to predict the downwind blade vortex interaction, and do not capture the vertical/axial induction this rotor exhibits. The vortex models are consistent with each other, and the differences when compared against the URANS and PowerFLOW mostly arise due to the unsteady and flow curvature effects. Furthermore, the influence of vertical induction is very prominent for this rotor, and this effect becomes more significant with fixed pitch offsets where the flow at the blade root is considerably altered.
DEVELOPING LINGUISTIC PARADIGMS IN THE CONTEXT OF THEORETICAL PROBLEMS OF RELIGIOUS PHRASEOLOGY
Authors:   University Alfraganus, Yukori Karakamish street 2v, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Sultonova Sh.M.
Published: February 2024

The main goal of this article is to research the problems of religious phraseology in the light of modern scientific paradigm based on the materials of the Uzbek and Russian languages. The tasks of our research are to study the problems of transformation in phraseology, especially in religious phraseology, and to identify the factors that cause them. In this research, the following linguistic and interdisciplinary research methods were used to achieve the goal and fulfill the set tasks: the method of linguistic description; method of oppositions; methods of communicative linguistics, in particular, the transformational method; semantic-stylistic method. As a result of the research, the following factors lead to the transformation of religious phraseological units were identified: 1) updating the functions of religion in accordance with the times; 2) changing the realities of people's lifestyles; 3) translation in a new way of elements of the religious picture of the world of the people by a linguistic personality; 4) rethinking some phrases (the phrase has a completely different meaning due to ignorance of the context in which it is used); 5) grammatical changes. The article outlines the author's scientific views on the issues of definition and interpretation of phraseological units, characteristic of different stages of the development of phraseology, analysis of modern academic views on these units, as well as the theoretical foundations of the study of religious phraseological units as an object of study of theolinguistics, as a new synthetic science formed at the intersection of theology, religious anthropology and linguistics, and also analyzes the current state of studying the phenomenon
Embalming cadaveric upper limbs after freezing and thawing: a novel technique for maximizing body donor usage through fresh frozen and formalin-fixed preservation
Authors:   Queen’s University, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6, Damjanovic Isabella G. , Damjanovic Madeline M. , Donaldson Earl , Bale Logan S.W.
Published: February 2024

Fresh frozen body donors are invaluable for surgical skills training sessions and medical research due to their realistic tissue quality. However, the potential for use as long-term teaching specimens is limited by soft-tissue deterioration following multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Embalming with the use of formalin achieves tissue fixation, thereby preventing tissue deterioration and enabling prolonged use of anatomical specimens. The purpose of this study was to determine whether fresh frozen upper limbs can be successfully embalmed for use as dissection and prosection resources in anatomical sciences education following one or more freeze-thaw cycles, thereby allowing for increased usage of an individual body donor. Four previously frozen left upper limbs were preserved using formalin fixation and were dissected 30 days following arterial embalming to determine whether adequate fixation could be achieved and whether the tissue quality could be maintained. The greatest number of freeze-thaw cycles evaluated in this study was six. To our knowledge, this is the first report in which specimens from fresh frozen human body donors have successfully been embalmed using formalin-fixation techniques following single or multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Following dissection of each upper limb, we conclude that formalin fixation after freezing and thawing is a viable preservation technique that can maintain a level of tissue quality suitable for educational dissection and prosection following use of the fresh frozen cadaver for surgical skills training sessions or medical research.
An exploration of the enigmatic ponticulus posticus: a cone beam computed tomographic study
Authors:   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore - 570 015 India, Patil Karthikeya , Sanjay CJ ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore - 570 015 India, Guledgud Mahima V. ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore - 570 015 India, Suresh Namrata ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore - 570 015 India, Eswari S ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore - 570 015 India, Doddawad Vidya G. ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore - 570 015 India
Published: February 2024

During embryonic development, the activity of neural crest cells has the potential to induce the ossification of the posterior atlantooccipital ligament, resulting in the formation of an abnormal bony bridge known as “Ponticulus Posticus” (PP). The presence of PP increases the likelihood of vertebral artery obstruction, and patients with this condition frequently exhibit symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Furthermore, connections have been depicted between PP and dental agenesis, malocclusions, and cleft lip and palate. This study assessed the prevalence, morphology, and superior articular facet (SAF) dimensions in PP using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). In this retrospective study, SPSS 22.0 was used to analyse 202 cervical CBCT images devoid of pathologies. PP, age, and sex relationship were examined using the t-test and chi2 analysis. Pearson correlation examined the relationship between PP and non-PP SAF dimensional differences. P values <0.05 were significant. The prevalence of PP was 8.4%, with 64.7% constituting complete type and 35.2% partial type. The unilateral partial group’s anteroposterior (D1) and transverse (D2) dimensions showed a strong positive association and significant difference. Understanding this anomaly and the changes it can cause in depth is essential for a clinician to diagnose orofacial pain. Taking into account the benefits of using CBCT enables a detailed evaluation of the vertebral column in three different planes, allowing us to measure the metrical dimensions of SAF precisely in the present study. It can be considered a gold standard in evaluating PP as a diagnostic tool.
Eğitsel Süreçlerde Eğitim İhtiyaçlarının Belirlenmesine Yönelik Yaklaşımlar
Authors: Zebaloğlu Emre
Published: February 2024

Education is defined as a series of planned effects that serve to provide certain improvements in people's behavior according to predetermined goals, or education and development in a certain subject, knowledge or science branch. Although only the word education is used for all its meanings in Turkish usage, it can be considered that the word training used in the literature corresponds more to the meaning of skill / training. The word education, 15. which began to be used in the century, 1. Popular in World War II, it is a word used to refer to the routines of adults that cover general professional development activities. In terminology, education defines actions such as the development of consciously designed and organized skills, purposeful learning, formal preparation, raising the professional level and developing human potential. Since the earliest historical times, the integration of learning activities of knowledge, skills and procedures, the practice, rules and impact of education have been part of the sustainability of society. However, although the word education is seen as equivalent in Turkish, it seems that the word education is used more often and widely in this sense. In the literature, the need for education homogeneously refers to the gap between the previously determined competencies required Decently in a job and the current situation. However, this concept does not seem to indicate deficiencies in qualifications literally. Because there may be numerous training strategies that Decipher on-the-job training to reduce or help the gap between knowledge, skills and behavior/attitude. For this reason, the need for education has often been used in a problematic way other than its main meaning, such as educational need, learning need. In this context, while educational needs analysis determines the existence of needs at the evaluation stage, concrete data related to the determination and qualifications of needs to be addressed by education are clarified by analysis. According to the relevant literature, educational needs analysis is an ongoing data collection process for analyzing which educational needs are available in order to improve education in order to help the organization achieve its goals. Key Words: Education, Educational Processes, Educational Needs
The Poetry of Twenty-First Century and its Deviation from Arnold’s Traditional Poetic Ideals
Authors: Anwar Maroof , Noor Fatima , Fatima Zarish , Bibi Fatima
Published: February 2024

The study aims to explore present-day poetry from Arnold’s perspective. Poetry, a genre which held the most value in past and was given the prime importance, no more holds the same significance. The study is a qualitative investigation to study the modern-day poetry and its deviation from the classical norms of the poetry. For the purpose, excerpts from the works of four Instapoets were taken and within interpretive paradigm, the analyses were conducted. Arnold, Study of Poetry, was taken as a theoretical framework. The findings of the study shows that the deviation is evident and implausible. The researchers have found that this kind of poetry to be is very plain and simplistic.
Development of Millet and Soybean Based Ready-to-Eat Snack Food Chakli
Authors: Sumedha Deshpande  , Krishna Jha
Published: February 2024

Ready- to- eat snack food chakli was prepared using sorghum, pearl millet and finger millet with defatted soy-flour and medium fat soy flour. Developed product was analysed for nutritional quality, acceptability and textural profile. Incorporation of 50% millet and 15-20% DFSF/MFSF was acceptable. Nutritional analysis revealed that 20% soybean incorporation in the form of defatted soy-flour and medium fat soy-flour enhanced the protein content up to 75-80% and 59-64%, respectively compared to traditional product. Textural analysis showed that incorporation of finger millet with DFSF required higher bending strength.
Development of a Dynapod for Occupational Activities in Agriculture
Authors: P. S. Tiwari  , M. M. Pandey  , L. P. Gite  , A. K. Shrivastava
Published: February 2024

A dynapod is a pedalling device that may be used as an interface between a human worker and any rotary machine for utilization of human muscle power in efficient manner. A study was conducted at CIAE, Bhopal to optimize the major design parameters such as power output, pedalling rate, saddle height and crank length for the design of a dynapod. Based on the study conducted on a bicycle ergo-meter for measurement of physiological and psychophysical responses, anthropometric data of male Indian agricultural workers and biomechanical consideration during pedalling, a dynapod was designed and developed. This paper presents the design details of the dynapod.
Existence, uniqueness and stability analysis of fractional-order neural networks with multiple delays and variable coefficients: Banach fixed point approach
Authors: Kanwal Niazi  , Ahmed Naveed , Umar Aneela , Pasha Kiran
Published: February 2024

This study uses the Banach fixed point idea and analysis technique to explore the existence, uniqueness, and stability of solutions for a class of fractional-order neural networks. For fractional-order neural networks with multiple time delays and variable coefficients, a necessary situation is stated to guarantee the uniqueness, existence, and uniform solutions of stability. The outcomes are simple to confirm in practice and, to a certain extent, build upon and extend several prior initiatives. An excellent example is given to illustrate how the findings might be applied and relied upon.
Overweight BMI as a Risk Factor for Low Back Pain: An Observational Study from Primary Health Care
Authors: Mintarjo Jessica Amelinda
Published: February 2024

Background: Overweight is the most common cause of low back pain (LBP). The prevalence of LBP is very gender- and age-specific. Overweight BMI might lead to an increased axial load of the L4–L5 disc and facet joints, and enhance the risk of degenerative that cause LBP.
Method: This is a cross-sectional study to analyze the BMI as a risk factor for LBP.
Results: There were 59 patients (81.9%) with normal BMI 13 patients (18.1%) with overweight BMI, 39 patients with LBP (54.2%), and 33 patients (45.8%) without LBP. The chi-square test results obtained a significance value of 0.015 (p <0.05) with the odds ratio 6.089.
Discussion: This study is in agreement with other studies which revealed that higher BMI was significantly associated with LBP in men (for overweight, odds ratio = 1.097, P < 0.001; for obesity, odds ratio = 1.163, P < 0.001) and in women (for overweight, odds ratio = 1.174, P < 0.001; for obesity, odds ratio = 1.211, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Overweight BMI is a risk factor for LBP. Patients who had overweight BMI had a greater 6.089 times risk of LBP than patients who had normal BMI.

Keywords: Low back pain, Overweight BMI, Cross-sectional study