bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occupational exposures and mitigation strategies among homeless shelter workers at risk of COVID-19
Authors: Rao Carol Y. , Robinson Tashina , Huster Karin , Laws Rebecca L. , Keating Ryan , Tobolowsky Farrell A. , McMichael Temet M. , Gonzales Elysia , Mosites Emily
Published: November 2021

Objective

To describe the work environment and COVID-19 mitigation measures for homeless shelter workers and assess occupational risk factors for COVID-19.

Methods

Between June 9-August 10, 2020, we conducted a self-administered survey among homeless shelter workers in Washington, Massachusetts, Utah, Maryland, and Georgia. We calculated frequencies for work environment, personal protective equipment use, and SARS-CoV-2 testing history. We used generalized linear models to produce unadjusted prevalence ratios (PR) to assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results

Of the 106 respondents, 43.4% reported frequent close contact with clients; 75% were worried about work-related SARS-CoV-2 infections; 15% reported testing positive. Close contact with clients was associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (PR 3.97, 95%CI 1.06, 14.93).

Conclusions

Homeless shelter workers may be at risk of being exposed to individuals with COVID-19 during the course of their work. Frequent close contact with clients was associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Protecting these critical essential workers by implementing mitigation measures and prioritizing for COVID-19 vaccination is imperative during the pandemic.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N-oxide derivatives with potent in vivo antileishmanial activity
Authors: Clementino Leandro da Costa , Fernandes Guilherme Felipe Santos , Prokopczyk Igor Muccilo , Laurindo Wilquer Castro , Toyama Danyelle , Motta Bruno Pereira , Baviera Amanda Martins , Henrique-Silva Flávio , Santos Jean Leandro dos , Graminha Marcia A. S.
Published: November 2021

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects 12 million people living mainly in developing countries. Herein, 24 new N-oxide-containing compounds were synthesized followed by in vitro and in vivo evaluation of their antileishmanial activity. Compound 4f, a furoxan derivative, was particularly remarkable in this regard, with EC50 value of 3.6 μM against L. infantum amastigote forms and CC50 value superior to 500 μM against murine peritoneal macrophages. In vitro studies suggested that 4f may act by a dual effect, by releasing nitric oxide after biotransformation and by inhibiting cysteine protease CPB (IC50: 4.5 μM). In vivo studies using an acute model of infection showed that compound 4f at 7.7 mg/Kg reduced ~90% of parasite burden in the liver and spleen of L. infantum-infected BALB/c mice. Altogether, these outcomes highlight furoxan 4f as a promising compound for further evaluation as an antileishmanial agent.
Investigating whether serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels reflect the height outcome in prepubertal children upon rhGH therapy: LG growth study database
Authors: Kim Minsun , Kim Eun Young , Kim Eun Young , So Cheol Hwan , Kim Chan Jong
Published: November 2021

Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels can be used to monitor the safety of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy. In this study, we evaluated the changes in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels during rhGH therapy as a marker of height outcome in prepubertal children. Totally, 705 prepubertal children with short stature were enrolled from the LG Growth Study Database. Data for three groups of subjects were obtained as follows: Idiopathic GH deficiency (IGHD; n = 486); idiopathic short stature (n = 66); small for gestational age (n = 153). Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels at the baseline and after the 1st and 2nd year of rhGH therapy, as well as the Δheight standard deviation score (SDS), were obtained. Δheight SDS after the 1st and 2nd year of rhGH therapy had notably increased compared to that at the baseline for all three groups. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in all three groups were significantly increased compared to those at the baseline (p <0.001). Δheight SDS was positively correlated with ΔIGF-1 SDS after the 1st year of therapy, ΔIGFBP-3 SDS after the 2nd year of therapy in the IGHD group, and ΔIGF-I SDS and ΔIGFBP-3 SDS after the 2nd year of therapy (p < 0.05), regardless of whether the height at the baseline was a covariate. The increase in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels during rhGH therapy was related to the growth response in children with IGHD. Therefore, it may be valuable to measure the change in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels, especially the latter, during rhGH treatment to predict the growth response upon long-term treatment.
AMAZON TOURISM
Authors: Ferst Marklea da Cunha , Anjos Sara Joana Gadotti dos
Published: November 2021

In this article areÂ  presented the topics and approaches developed in this magazine number whose focus is tourism in the amazon. Besides presenting discussion about the topic that aimed at creating this special edition and providing an overview of the content of each article, this editorial article also provides a useful introduction to the potential and challenges of tourism in the Amazon that can be used by researchers as a starting point for your own research. This special edition itself contributes to solving the scarcity of theoretical reflections in this area.
A Project To Estimate The Power Capacity Of Geothermal Power Plants Based On The Enthalpy Of Geothermal Fluid And Plant Design
Authors: Oken Obumneme
Published: November 2021

Surface phenomena that signal the presence of viable geothermal energy can be found in various locations in Nigeria. None of these locations have been explored extensively to determine the feasibility of sustainable geothermal energy development for electricity generation or direct heating purposes. In this context, the present study aims to provide insight into the energy potential of such development based on the enthalpy estimation of geothermal reservoirs. This particular project was conducted to determine the power output from a geothermal resource given an estimated enthalpy of the geothermal fluid. The process route chosen for this project is the single-flash geothermal power plant because of the temperature
(180℃) and unique property of the geothermal fluid (a mixture of hot water and steam that exists as a liquid under high pressure). The Ikogosi warm spring in Ekiti State, Nigeria was chosen as the site location for this power plant. To support food security efforts in Africa, this project proposes the cascading of a hot water stream from the flash tank to serve direct heat purposes in agriculture for food preservation, before re-injection to the reservoir. The flowrate of the geothermal fluid to the flash separator was chosen as
3125 tonnes/hr. The power output from a single well using a single flash geothermal plant was evaluated to be
11.3 MW*. This result was obtained by applying basic thermodynamic principles, including material balance, energy balance, and enthalpy calculations. This particular project is a prelude to a robust model that will accurately determine the power capacity of geothermal power plants based on the enthalpy of geothermal fluid, size of the geothermal resource, and different plant designs. I hope that the knowledge gained from the study will promote best practices in geothermal engineering and emphasize appropriate planning for, and implementation of, geothermal plants.
Professional Perspectives of the Management Course Students – Class of 2015 of the Vale do Acaraú University – UVA/IDJ
Authors: Dayanne Silva Nogueira Lívia , Neris Torres de Sousa Felipe , Da Silva Saldanha Maria Eliete
Published: November 2021

This article aims to analyze the premises, perspectives and professional expectations of students who enter the Administration course. For this purpose, the following specific objectives were listed: characterize the public investigated as to some social and economic aspects; identify the main justifications that influenced the choice of the course of Administration and analyze the perspectives and expectations regarding the choice of the same. The study was characterized from two aspects, as well as the ends and the means. According to the ends, the research will be descriptive and as to the means, the research will be bibliographical, field. The study is indicating as basic, descriptive, with a quantitative approach, it ran from January 2018 to December of the same year. Field research took place in November 2018 and was conducted with 10 university students of the administration course, who are attending the 8th semester. For the data collection, a structured questionnaire was used with closed questions, based on the Lickert scale, later on the tabulation of the data. In the analysis, it was noticed how much the course of administration has been growing in the country, as well as the multiple interests that correlate to the choice of administration course, as well as wage pretension, development of the entrepreneurial career and the importance of the course for local development.

 

Keywords: Professional Expectations. Perspectives. Management course.
Transtornos Mentais Comuns em Trabalhadores de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Durante Pandemia de COVID-19 / Common Mental Disorders in Unit Workers of Intensive Care During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Santos Washington José dos , Silva Renata Baltar da , Rodrigues Daniele Ferreira , Farias Isabelle Carolline Verissimo de , Moura Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC) e fatores associados em profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de um Hospital Universitário de Recife-Pernambuco, Brasil, durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Métodos: estudo transversal exploratório, realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - HCPE, localizado na cidade de Recife. A pesquisa utilizou dois questionários, o Self Report Questionnaire – 20 e outro que continha informações sociodemográficas, de tratamento de saúde mental e de trabalho individual. Para a análise dos dados, foi realizada a frequência absoluta e relativa das variáveis analisadas. Para a análise bivariada, utilizou-se a estimativa da associação entre os desfechos e as variáveis independentes por meio do teste do qui-quadrado e suas respectivas razões de prevalência. Resultados: foram respondidos 91 questionários, correspondendo a 81,25% do espaço amostral. A presença de TMC foi observada em 57,1% (n = 56) dos profissionais, 63,7% (n = 58) referiram dormir mal, enquanto 64,8% (n = 59) cansava-se com facilidade e 61,5% (56) relataram cansaço o tempo todo. O sexo feminino teve prevalência de 1,84 vezes mais TMC (IC95% = 1,18-2,86; x2 = 0,012). Indivíduos sem companheiro apresentaram prevalência 1,44 vezes maior de TCM (IC = 1,01-2,05; x2 = 0,035). Conclusões: Esta pesquisa encontrou elevada frequência de agravos à saúde mental entre os trabalhadores da UTI pesquisada, além de sintomas relacionados aos TMC. Esses dados demonstram a necessidade de desenvolver ações e estratégias para prevenir os efeitos da pandemia sobre a saúde física e mental dos trabalhadores da linha de frente de todas as regiões do país, epidemiologicamente semelhantes.
O Impacto da Pandemia da COVID-19 no Cenário das Micro e Pequenas Empresas / The COVID-19 Pandemic impacts on the Micro and Small Business Scenario
Authors: Sales Isabelle Kristine Batista , Macêdo Maria Erilúcia Cruz
Published: November 2021

Resumo: Não há dúvidas de que o ano de 2020 ficou marcado na história mundial pela pandemia da Covid-19, que trouxe grande impacto global. Diante deste cenário, em virtude do isolamento social, as micro e pequenas empresas acabam sendo as mais afetadas, visto que grande parte delas atua nos setores de comércio e serviço, além dos trabalhadores formais ou informais que estão incapacitados de exercer suas atividades.  Assim sendo, o presente trabalho busca compreender o impacto que a pandemia da Covid-19 tem no cenário das micro e pequenas empresas, através de uma revisão bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa. É imprescindível que o governo brasileiro se posicione de modo a apoiar aos empresários, principalmente donos de micro e pequenas empresas, a fim de que seja possível se reerguer e retomar a economia. Em suma, a retomada da economia deve ocorrer em passos lentos, e demandará estratégias administrativas e políticas de incentivos para que os empresários consigam ganhar fôlego e manter as empresas. Conclui-se que a recuperação da economia não será rápida e nem fácil, e para que os trabalhadores se mantenham empregados, consigam novos postos de trabalho e assim possam gastar dinheiro para fazer a economia girar e aumentar o faturamento dos estabelecimentos é preciso focar em políticas de renda.
A Presença de um Núcleo de Atendimento Educacional e sua Contribuição para a Atenuação de Dificuldades de Leitura e Escrita / The Presence of an Educational Center and its Contribution to the Attenuation of Difficulties in Reading and Writing
Authors: Borges Silas Baleeiro , Almeida Maria Antonieta Pereira Tigre
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por finalidade a busca por estratégias que possam atenuar os déficits de leitura e escrita da rede municipal de educação no município de Aracatu – Bahia. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: Investigar as etapas de construção de um Núcleo de Atendimento Educacional Especializado no município de Aracatu – Ba; Identificar as práticas educativas de inclusão necessárias a um espaço escolar inclusivo; Analisar práticas positivas que poderão ser usadas para contribuir no bom desempenho em leitura e escrita. A metodologia utilizada foi pesquisa de campo com levantamento de informações de professores e coordenadores que atuam nas escolas no ano de 2021, coletando informações e as transformando em dados qualitativos e quantitativos. Conclui-se que o núcleo será um suporte para que professores e famílias entendam como lidarem com situação de crianças com diagnósticos e a maneira como serão incluídas sob um novo olhar de um espaço escolar inclusivo. Palavras – chave: Atendimento Educacional; Educação; Inclusão; Leitura/Escrita.  Abstract: The purpose of this article is to search for strategies that can attenuate reading and writing deficits in the municipal education network in the city of Aracatu – Bahia. The research objectives are: To investigate the stages of construction of a Specialized Educational Service Center in the city of Aracatu – Ba; Identifying the educational practices of inclusion necessary for an inclusive school space; Analyze positive practices that can be used to contribute to good performance in reading and writing. The methodology used was field research with a survey of information from teachers and coordinators who work in schools in 2021, collecting information and transforming it into qualitative and quantitative data. It is concluded that the nucleus will be a support for teachers and families to understand how to deal with the situation of children with diagnoses and how they will be included under a new perspective of an inclusive school space.Keywords: Educational Service; Education; Inclusion; Reading/Writing.
Electroencephalogram patterns with the presence of an unknown musical stimulus
Authors: Costa Ana Clara Pereira Resende da , Davi Ramos Camila , Ferreira-Jorge Amanda Rosa , Campos Marcos , Destro-Filho João-Batista , Frosi Rosa Pedro
Published: November 2021

The cerebral activity presents different behaviors in different situations and levels of consciousness, especially under musical stimulation. Signals of the central nervous system may disclose bioelectrical patterns, since listening to rhythmic sequences activates specific brain areas. In this paper, we analyze 42 neurologically normal Brazilian individuals, submitted to musical stimulation based on a procedure consisting of three different steps, during which the volunteer is kept with closed eyes. The first step is associated with the preliminary control silence period, without any stimulus, as the volunteer remains at rest. The second step consisted of unknown music stimulation. Finally, the third step involves post-music rest. Quantitative signal analysis computes the power spectrum time variations. Results point out stronger changes in gamma and high gamma waves (30 – 100 Hz). Even though the clinical rhythms (0 – 30 Hz) change throughout the whole period of the experiment, quantitative differences at gamma and high gamma bands are remarkably greater.  Particularly, when comparing the initial silent period and the final post-stimulation silent one, bioelectrical differences are only highlighted by gamma and high gamma rhythms. In consequence, this paper points out that the EEG analysis of cognitive issues related to musical perception cannot disregard gamma and high gamma waves.
Molecular biology as a diagnostic tool for detection of Leptospira spp. in cows of a border region – case report
Authors: Pastre Giovani Batista , Santos Isabela Carvalho , Barbosa Lidiane Nunes , Mota Edinalva Almeida , Chideroli Roberta Torres , Pereira Ulisses de Pádua , Dib Gonçalves Daniela
Published: November 2021

The reproductive efficiency of livestock is the basis for the success of livestock, dairy or beef, and having high reproductive performance depends on several factors within the production system and the presence of infectious diseases of the reproductive sphere in the herd is one of the factors that can compromise that efficiency. The aim of this study was to use molecular biology as a diagnostic tool for the detection of Leptospira spp. DNA in cows with reproductive disorders on a rural property in the municipality of Boca do Acre, Amazonas, Brazil. Vaginal mucus was collected from nine Nelore breeding cows with a history of abortion and birth of weak calves submitted to DNA extraction and nested-PCR technique for 16S gene amplification at the bacterial genus level. Of the nine samples analyzed, five (55.55%) amplified a product of 331bp. The municipality of Boca do Acre is bordered by Peru and Bolivia, and knowledge of the prevalence of the disease, serovars, and circulating Leptospira species is essential for the adoption of measures related to animal husbandry, as well as health education for ranchers and their workers to avoid a possible occupational infection since this disease is considered an important zoonosis. New molecular studies using primers that allow the identification of the Leptospira species and mainly pathogenic species should be conducted in this region in order to elucidate the possible species of this etiological agent and the possible reservoirs of the disease to begin the understanding of the epidemiology of this disease in cattle in this region of border.
Punctual mechanical oscillation in modulation of muscular tonus in children with spasticity
Authors: Pol Stéphani de , Neves Eduardo Borba , Lazzaretti André Eugenio , Smaili Suhaila Mahmoud , Krueger Eddy
Published: November 2021

Spasticity is a motor condition present in 75 to 88% of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). One form of treatment is called punctual mechanical oscillation (PO). The current study aimed to study different protocols for the application of PO and the magnitude of their effects. In total, 7children with medical diagnosis of CP and ICD (International Classification of Diseases) were included. The first intervention protocol (Int1) consisted of the application of PO to the spastic muscle tendon and the second intervention protocol (Int2) to the muscle belly ofthe spastic antagonist muscle. For evaluation, the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was used, while simultaneously capturing the mechanomyography (MMG) signals. Data were collected pre-intervention and 1 (Post1), 15 (Post15), 30 (Post30), 45 (Post45), and60 (Post60) minutes after the interventions. The MAS values (median ± interquartile range) post intervention were statistically lower when compared to the pre values in the 2 protocols studied; in Int1between Pre (2 ± 0) andPost15 (0 ± 1.75), Post30 (0 ± 1), Post45 (1 ± 1),and Post60 (1 ± 1), and in Int2only between Pre (2 ± 1) and Post1 (0 ± 1).The values found in the MMG in both its temporal and spectral domains did not follow a pattern (p>0.05). The comparison between the protocols did not demonstrate statistical differences in any characteristics (MAS, MMGMF, and MMGRMS). However, PO was shown to be a therapeutic resource that modulated spasticity for up to 60 minutes after its application, and PO could contribute as a tool to aid the treatment of spasticity.
The Planetary Rift
Authors: Foster John Bellamy , Golemis Haris
Published: November 2021

The widespread view on the left that Marx had adopted an extreme productivist view of the human domination of nature—and hence had failed to perceive the natural limits to production and ecological contradictions in general, giving them at most only marginal attention—was contradicted by his theory of the metabolic rift.
Keeping the Challenges Before Us: The Reissuing of 'Reluctant Reformers' and Its Contemporary Implications
Authors: Fletcher, Jr. Bill
Published: November 2021

The reissuing of Reluctant Reformers can inform our attempts to grapple with how the unity of the oppressed can be forged in such a way that the interests of the historically marginalized do not continue to get…well, marginalized.
A Proinflammatory Stimulus Disrupts Hippocampal Plasticity and Learning via Microglial Activation and 25-Hydroxycholesterol
Authors: Izumi Yukitoshi , Cashikar Anil G. , Krishnan Kathiresan , Paul Steven M. , Covey Douglas F. , Mennerick Steven J. , Zorumski Charles F.
Published: November 2021

Inflammatory cells, including macrophages and microglia, synthesize and release the oxysterol 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), which has antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. Here, we examined the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an activator of innate immunity, on 25HC production in microglia, and the effects of LPS and 25HC on CA1 hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning. In primary microglia, LPS markedly increases the expression of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (Ch25h), the key enzyme involved in 25HC synthesis, and increases the levels of secreted 25HC. Wild-type microglia produced higher levels of 25HC thanCh25hknock-out (KO) microglia with or without LPS. LPS treatment also disrupts long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices via induction of a form of NMDA receptor-dependent metaplasticity. The inhibitory effects of LPS on LTP were mimicked by exogenous 25HC, and were not observed in slices fromCh25hKO mice.In vivo, LPS treatment also disrupts LTP and inhibits one-trial learning in wild-type mice, but notCh25hKO mice. These results demonstrate that the oxysterol 25HC is a key modulator of synaptic plasticity and memory under proinflammatory stimuli.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuroinflammation is thought to contribute to cognitive impairment in multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. In this study, we found that a proinflammatory stimulus, LPS, disrupts hippocampal LTP via a metaplastic mechanism. The effects of LPS on LTP are mimicked by the oxysterol 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), an immune mediator synthesized in brain microglia. Effects of LPS on both synaptic plasticity and one-trial inhibitory avoidance learning are eliminated in mice deficient in Ch25h (cholesterol 25-hydroxylase), the primary enzyme responsible for endogenous 25HC synthesis. Thus, these results indicate that 25HC is a key mediator of the effects of an inflammatory stimulus on hippocampal function and open new potential avenues to overcome the effects of neuroinflammation on brain function.
Cartographers Seen and Unseen
Authors: Creason Glen
Published: November 2021

Glen Creason, the longtime Map Librarian of the Los Angeles Public Library, acquaints readers with six cartographers, most of them little-known today, whose work between the 1840s and 1940s shaped Los Angeles, preserved its history, and made the city accessible to visitors and Angelenos alike.
miR-23a/b-3p promotes hepatic lipid accumulation by regulating Srebp-1c and Fas
Authors: Li Linfang , Zhang Xiaoyi , Ren Hangjiang , Huang Xiuqing , Shen Tao , Tang Weiqing , Dou Lin , Li Jian
Published: November 2021

miR-23a-3p and miR-23b-3p are members of the miR-23~27~24-2 superfamily. The role of miR-23a/b-3p in regulating hepatic lipid accumulation is still unknown. Here, we found that increased miR-23a-3p and miR-23b-3p levels were accompanied by an increase in the protein levels of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the steatotic livers of mice fed a high-fat diet and leptin receptor-deficient type 2 diabetic mice (db/db). Importantly, overexpression of miR-23a/b-3p in Hep1-6 cells elevated the intracellular triglyceride level and upregulated the expression of Srebp-1c and Fas. Taken together, these results suggested that miR-23a/b-3p enhanced mRNA stability by binding the 5'-UTR of Srebp-1c and Fas mRNA, thereby promoting triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes.
Las contribuciones militares del reino de Galicia durante la guerra de Portugal
Authors: Saavedra Vázquez María del Carmen
Published: November 2021

El desigual conocimiento del grado de participación de los distintos territorios peninsulares en la política militar de la monarquía a partir de 1640 justifica el interés de este trabajo, centrado en el caso de Galicia. El texto se articula en dos partes: la primera, revisa las contribuciones militares realizadas por las Juntas del Reino de Galicia y, la segunda, utiliza las contabilidades de los pagadores militares para verificar su grado de cumplimiento. El análisis de los datos demuestra que la colaboración económica del reino fue especialmente importante en la etapa defensiva de la guerra. Desde el punto de vista social, revela que dicha contribución no permitió a sus élites obtener contrapartidas semejantes a las logradas por las oligarquías de otros territorios, pero les otorgó una experiencia militar que iba a resultar de gran importancia para su promoción en el futuro.
Steady state non-Newtonian flow with strain rate dependent viscosity in domains with cylindrical outlets to infinity
Authors: Panasenko Grigory , Pileckas Konstantin , Vernescu Bogdan
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with a stationary non-Newtonian flow of a viscous fluid in unbounded domains with cylindrical outlets to infinity. The viscosity is assumed to be smoothly dependent on the gradient of the velocity. Applying the generalized Banach fixed point theorem, we prove the existence, uniqueness and high order regularity of solutions stabilizing in the outlets to the prescribed quasi-Poiseuille flows. Varying the limit quasi-Poiseuille flows, we prove the stability of the solution.
Modeling of scenarios for the underground construction planning based on the foresight and cognitive modeling methodologies
Authors: Pankratova N.D. , Pankratov V.A.
Published: November 2021

The modeling of scenarios for the underground construction planning is based on the mathematical support of fore sight methodology aimed at the creation of alternative scenarios and the cognitive modeling to build scenarios for the development of a desired future and ways of their implementation. We propose to use these methodologies together: the results obtained at the stage of the foresight methodology should be used as initial data for the cognitive modeling. Using the foresight process at the first stage of modeling allows us, with the help of expert assessment procedures, to identify critical technologies and to construct the alternatives of scenarios with quantitative characteristics. For the justified implementation of a particular scenario, the cognitive modeling allows one to build causal relationships with the consideration of a large number of interconnections and interdependences. The developed strategy is applied to the study of underground construction objects in order to select reasonable scenarios for their future development.
Properties of 4ΛH Hypernucleus in Three-Cluster Microscopic Models
Authors: Nesterov A.V. , Solokha-Klymchak M.
Published: November 2021

Within the framework of microscopic three-cluster algebraic models with possible consideration of clustering types (D + n) + Λ, (D + Λ) + n, and (n + Λ) + D, the properties of discrete spectrum states of hypernucleus 4ΛH and continuous spectrum states in the 3H + Λ channel are studied. It is shown that the cluster structure is almost completely determined by the clustering (D + n) + Λ with a rather appreciable effect from the polarization of the binary subsystem (D + n) due to its interaction with the Λ particle.
Delirium in the NICU: A Point Prevalence Study
Authors: Siegel Elana J. , Groves Alan M. , Silver Gabrielle , Hojsak Joanne , Lim C. Anthoney , Traube Chani
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES

Delirium is a well-described complication of critical illness, with occurrence rates of >25% in the PICU, and associated morbidity. Infants in the NICU are likely at risk. There have been no previous screening studies to quantify delirium rates in the neonatal population. We hypothesized that delirium was prevalent in term neonates in the NICU. In this pilot study, our objective was to estimate prevalence using a validated pediatric delirium screening tool, which has not yet been tested in NICUs.

METHODS

In this point prevalence study, all term or term-corrected infants admitted to the NICU on designated study days were screened for delirium using the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium.

RESULTS

A total of 149 infants were eligible for screening over 8 study days. A total of 147 (98.6%) were successfully screened with the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium. Overall, 22.4% (n = 33) screened positive for delirium. Delirium was more commonly detected in children on invasive mechanical ventilation (67% vs 17%, P < .01) and those with underlying neurologic disorders (64% vs 13%, P < .01). A multivariate logistic regression revealed that neurologic disability and mechanical ventilation were both independently associated with a positive delirium screen (aOR: 12.3, CI: 4.5–33.6 and aOR: 9.3, CI: 2.5–34.6, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results indicate that delirium likely occurs frequently in term-equivalent infants in the NICU. Further research is necessary to establish feasibility, validity, and interrater reliability of delirium screening in this population.
Melatonin Administration Patterns for Pediatric Inpatients in a Tertiary Children’s Hospital
Authors: Procaccini David E. , Kudchadkar Sapna R.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES

Melatonin has been trialed with reported increasing use for sleep dysregulation and prevention of ICU delirium in critically ill adults; however, reports of use in hospitalized pediatric patients are limited. We anecdotally observed an increase in prescribing of melatonin in our tertiary care children’s hospital and therefore aimed to retrospectively characterize prescribing practices over time.

METHODS

Melatonin dispensing data over a 4-year time frame were extracted. Melatonin doses were categorized as being either ICU or non-ICU administered and dosed during daytime versus nighttime, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize patients who were administered melatonin, dosing information, and quantitative change in annual melatonin orders between areas. The comparison of daytime versus nighttime melatonin administrations and ratio of administrations between ICU and non-ICU areas for each study year were compared via χ2 test.

RESULTS

Administration of melatonin increased 246.2% between years 1 and 3, with a shift from predominance in ICU to non-ICU areas over the study period (P < .0001). The average dosing varied by age, with the most frequent dose being 5 mg (28.3%), predominantly in patients ≥12 years of age. Ninety-eight percent (n = 9434) of doses were scheduled for nighttime administration, suggesting an indication of sleep regulation. There were significantly more daytime administrations of melatonin in non-ICU areas (P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS

Prescribing of melatonin for pediatric inpatients has increased substantially over a 4-year period, despite limited research on dosing, in this single-center. Further research is needed to determine best practices for melatonin prescribing for hospitalized children.
Optimal premium allocation under stop-loss insurance using exposure curves
Authors: MERT Özenç Murat , SELCUK-KESTEL Sevtap
Published: November 2021

Determining the retention level in the stop-loss insurance risk premium for both insurer and reinsurer is an important factor in pricing. This paper aims to set optimal reinsurance with respect to the joint behavior of the insurer and the reinsurer under stop-loss contracts. The dependence between the costs of insurer and reinsurer is expressed as a function of retention ($d$) and maximum-cap ($m$) levels. Based on the maximum degree of correlation, the optimal levels for $d$ and $m$ are derived under certain claim distributions (Pareto, Gamma and Inverse Gamma). Accordingly, the risk premium and exposure curves for both parties are based on the selected distributions. Quantification of the premium share over derived exposure curves based on the optimized retention and maximum levels and the maximum loss risk is obtained using VaR and CVaR as risk measures.
Introgression of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistant gene, Xa7 into MARDI elite variety, MR219 by marker assisted backcrossing (MABC) approach
Authors: Yazid S. N. , Ahmad K. , Razak M. S. F. A. , Rahman Z. A. , Ramachandran K. , Mohamad S. N. A. , Ghaffar M. B. AB
Published: November 2021

Abstract Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is one of the major rice diseases in Malaysia. This disease causes substantial yield loss as high as 70%. Development of rice varieties which inherited BLB resistant traits is a crucial approach to promote and sustain rice industry in Malaysia. Hence, this study aims were to enhance BLB disease resistant characters of high yielding commercial variety MR219 through backcross breeding approach with supporting tool of marker-assisted selection (MAS). Broad spectrum BLB resistance gene, Xa7 from donor parent IRBB7 were introgressed into the susceptible MR219 (recurrent parent) using two flanking markers ID7 and ID15. At BC3F4, we managed to generate 19 introgressed lines with homozygous Xa7 gene and showed resistant characteristics as donor parent when it was challenged with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae through artificial inoculation. Recurrent parent MR219 and control variety, MR263 were found to be severely infected by the disease. The improved lines exhibited similar morphological and yield performance characters as to the elite variety, MR219. Two lines, PB-2-107 and PB-2-34 were chosen to be potential lines because of their outstanding performances compared to parent, MR219. This study demonstrates a success story of MAS application in development of improved disease resistance lines of rice against BLB disease.
Reduced genetic diversity and the success of the invasive peacock bass (Cichliformes: Cichlidae)
Authors: Luz S. C. S. , Montes M. A. , Farias R. S. , Lima R. V. , Torres R. A. , Ferreira E. J. G. , Severi W. , Coimbra M. R. M.
Published: November 2021

Abstract Several species of Cichla successfully colonized lakes and reservoirs of Brazil, since the 1960’s, causing serious damage to local wildlife. In this study, 135 peacock bass were collected in a reservoir complex in order to identify if they represented a single dominant species or multiple ones, as several Cichla species have been reported in the basin. Specimens were identified by color pattern, morphometric and meristic data, and using mitochondrial markers COI, 16S rDNA and Control Region (CR). Overlapping morphological data and similar coloration patterns prevented their identification using the taxonomic keys to species identification available in the literature. However, Bayesian and maximum likelihood from sequencing data demonstrated the occurrence of a single species, Cichla kelberi. A single haplotype was observed for the 16S and CR, while three were detected for COI, with a dominant haplotype present in 98.5% of the samples. The extreme low diversity of the transplanted C. kelberi evidenced a limited number of founding maternal lineages. The success of this colonization seems to rely mainly on abiotic factors, such as increased water transparency of lentic environments that favor visual predators that along with the absence of predators, have made C. kelberi a successful invader of these reservoirs.
Comparative analysis of the diet of Arctocephalus gazella (Pinnipedia), at two localities of the South Shetland Islands, with emphasis on the fish component
Authors: Descalzo Mariana , Daneri Gustavo A. , Negrete Javier , Corbalán Aldo , Barrera-Oro Esteban
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT We studied the diet of non-breeding male Antarctic fur Seals Arctocephalus gazella (Peters, 1875) at two different localities of the South Shetland Islands: Stranger Point, King George Island/Isla 25 de Mayo and Duthoit Point, Nelson Island, by the analysis of 65 faecal samples collected in February 2012. Overall, Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (Dana, 1850) and fish were the main prey taxa followed by penguins and cephalopods. Myctophids were dominant among fish; Gymnoscopelus nicholsi (Gilbert, 1911) was the most important prey species at both sampling sites, followed by Electrona antarctica (Gunther, 1878) at Stranger Point and by the nototheniid Pleuragramma antarctica (Boulenger, 1902) at Duthoit Point. The relative similarity found in the dietary composition of fur seals from both locations suggest they might have been sharing common feeding areas. Our results were compared with those reported in the literature for different localities of the South Shetland Islands and the Scotia Sea region. The absence of formerly harvested demersal notothenioid species in the diet of fur seals may reflect the negative impact that commercial fisheries had on some fish populations and supports the importance of implementing long-term monitoring studies on the feeding habits of A. gazella in the area.
First record of the tarantula genus Euathlus (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae) in Peru, with the description of a threatened new species
Authors: Quispe-Colca Oscar M. , Ferretti Nelson
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT A new species of Euathlus Ausserer, 1875 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae), Euathlus vanessae sp. nov. is described and diagnosed. The genus is known from Chile and Argentina, and E. vanessae sp. nov. represents the first record for the genus in Peru, being the new northernmost limit of its known distribution. Distribution and natural history data are provided. Additionally, the conservation status of the new species is discussed and it is proposed as Endangered (EN) according to IUCN criteria.
Immature stages of Nisoniades macarius (Hesperiidae: Pyrginae: Carcharodini): biology, morphology and behavior
Authors: Silva Alana M.da , Medeiros Adalberto D. de , Kerpel Solange M.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT The biology, morphology and behavior of the immature stages of Nisoniades macarius (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) are herein described from specimens collected in an anthropized area of Caatinga biome. The larva of N. macarius passes through six larval instars with the development time from egg to adult lasted between 31 and 35 days. Except for the first instar larva, which is easily recognized by the presence of evident primary setae on the head, there are few distinctive morphological characters among the larvae of different instars. The head capsule width proved to be the most effective character to differentiate them. Two different types of shelters are built by larvae: center-cut shelters (type 3) built by larvae from the first to the third instars and two-cut shelters (type 5) built by larvae from the fourth to the sixth instars. Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult. (Convolvulaceae) is recorded as larval host plant of N. macarius for the first time. A Eulophidae wasp was found as parasitoid of the earlier larval instars of N. macarius, this being the second record of the family as parasitoid in the genus Nisoniades.
De pai para filho: transmissão, permanência e mudança em “A terceira margem do rio”, de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Mandelbaum Belinda
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O artigo desenvolve uma reflexão sobre as “cadeias de transmissão” implicadas nas narrativas de Guimarães Rosa. Trata, nesta perspectiva, dos “causos” narrados oralmente pelos viajantes sertanejos na venda do sr. Florduardo Rosa, pai do romancista, que foram transmitidos a ele através da correspondência trocada entre os dois e posteriormente refundidos em suas estórias. Os processos de permanência e mudança nessa cadeia de transmissão das narrativas que inclui o trabalho literário e os leitores são aproximados dos transtornos da transmissão entre o pai, o filho, a estória e seus leitores no conto “A terceira margem do rio”. A argumentação utiliza-se de um referencial tomado à “psicanálise dos vínculos”, que pensa a família como espaço privilegiado da transmissão de mensagens entre as gerações. Com base nesse referencial teórico, a autora considera que a mensagem indecifrável legada pelo pai - o motivo de ele abandonar a família e isolar-se na canoa, sem efetivamente partir para lugar nenhum - teria calado o filho, mas se tornado narrativa, deslocando a cadeia de transmissão do filho para o texto literário e seus leitores.
As sereias que silenciam (ou não)
Authors: Meneses Adelia Bezerra de
Published: November 2021

RESUMO No recorte de um estudo sobre atualizações do mito odisseico, propõe-se uma abordagem do conto “O silêncio das sereias” de Kafka, à luz das ideias de Walter Benjamin sobre a impossibilidade da narrativa tradicional, por conta da degradação da experiência. Aponta-se que nesse conto pulsam aqueles elementos que são constituidores da contemporaneidade: as certezas que ruem, a dúvida absolutizada, a falta de referências confiáveis e que nos estruturariam, o jogo de aparências a que a realidade se reduz, a solidão álgida do indivíduo. O que surpreende é que Kafka antecipa de um século e de uma maneira espantosa aquilo que vige agora, no Brasil de 2020, no recorte da vida sociopolítica: a era da pós-verdade, das fake news, da desmoralização acachapante da política, da mentira como estratégia. Assim, mostra-se que se as reflexões de Walter Benjamin nos ajudam a ler o conto de Kafka, ambos, Kafka e Benjamin, nos ajudam a “ler” o nosso tempo.
O corpo como acesso ao divino na arte iluminada de William Blake
Authors: Santos Andrio J. R. dos
Published: November 2021

RESUMO William Blake tece, por toda a sua obra, ácidas críticas ao pensamento filosófico de matriz iluminista, em voga entre as classes letradas da Inglaterra do século XVIII, e contra a frequente associação do corpo a um invólucro impuro para alma imortal, leitura comum nas religiões de tradição cristã. Para o artista, a experiência do corpo, apresentado alternadamente como espiritual e material, representa a única via de acesso ao divino. Neste artigo, revisito a tradição crítica sobre as persistentes questões a respeito do corpo e seu papel no acesso humano ao divino presentes na arte iluminada de Blake; tenho o intuito de discutir a convergência politizada de diversas tradições místico-religiosas, filosóficas e artísticas na obra do artista, mantenho-me sensível às contradições geradas por esse processo de aproximação.
Gestão Adaptativa na Etapa de Acompanhamento da Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental
Authors: Moretto Evandro Mateus , Athayde Simone , Doria Carolina Rodrigues da Costa , Gallardo Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo , Araujo Neiva Cristina de , Duarte Carla Grigoletto , Branco Evandro Albiach , Pulice Sergio Mantovani Paiva , Roquetti Daniel Rondineli
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O emprego de abordagens baseadas em Gestão Adaptativa representa uma oportunidade para o aperfeiçoamento da Etapa de Acompanhamento da Avaliação de Impacto, considerando as afinidades conceituais que existem entre suas estruturas. Na prática, há casos que demonstram o aumento da capacidade adaptativa baseado em aprendizado experiencial, o que requer arranjos de governança que sejam capazes de garantir o efetivo envolvimento das diversas partes da sociedade no próprio processo de tomada de decisão. De toda forma, a Gestão Adaptativa é uma abordagem promissora, o que não pode significar o desrespeito aos princípios da precaução e da prevenção que fundamentam os processos de Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental, servindo de mero paliativo para situações cujos impactos ambientais poderiam ter sido previstos e evitados.
Pesquisa participativa reconectando diversidade: democracia de saberes para a sustentabilidade
Authors: Giatti Leandro L. , Gutberlet Jutta , Toledo Renata Ferraz de , Santos Francisco Nilson Paiva dos
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Há uma hegemonia na produção de conhecimento associada à concentração de poder e exclusão cognitiva, cerceando o diálogo com saberes marginalizados que podem ser fundamentais para a sustentabilidade na necessária reconexão local-global. Para romper com esse contexto consideramos que ecologia de saberes, reflexão, e auto-organização podem ser promovidas por meio de pesquisas participativas, em que analisamos três distintas experiências para identificar interações intersetoriais e interdisciplinares, e diálogo envolvendo diferentes atores sociais em níveis organizacionais distintos. Com isso, arguimos que a natureza de processos participativos e dialógicos viabiliza a democratização de saberes, o engajamento e a diversidade de soluções compatíveis com os desafios da sustentabilidade.
Patrimônio cultural: saberes e fazeres no discurso cultural-epistemológico
Authors: Zanirato Sílvia Helena , Rotondaro Tatiana Gomes , Ferreira Maria Letícia Mazzucchi , Isnart Cyril
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O conceito de patrimônio é uma construção social, definida a partir da percepção do risco de desaparecimento de bens da criação humana e bens da natureza. A institucionalização de práticas patrimoniais em domínios separados cultura e natureza expressou o dualismo cartesiano mais amplo, por compreender de modo desarticulado os aspectos tangíveis e intangíveis dos bens a serem conservados e por ter em conta a valoração de criações “civilizatórias” e a menos valia das criações da cultura popular em sua interação com o meio ambiente. No entanto, as práticas conservacionistas desde o final do século XX acabaram por mostrar quão híbrido é o conceito, e que a eficácia da conservação só pode ocorrer a partir da superação da dualidade material/imaterial e da interação de diferentes saberes, tantos os científicos quanto os empíricos.
A inserção de Claudio Pastro no contexto da arte e da teologia do Concílio Vaticano II
Authors: Fernandes Márcio Luiz
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Este artigo desenvolve uma reflexão sobre a figura de Claudio Pastro (1948-2016) como artista pós-conciliar. É comum recordar o papel dos bispos e dos teólogos\as como responsáveis por difundir e desenvolver as forças renovadoras do Vaticano II, mas com facilidade se esquece do esforço de rejuvenescimento e atualização da Igreja promovida pelos artistas cristãos. O Concílio Vaticano II se ocupou com o tema da reforma litúrgica que, por sua vez, impactou diretamente na elaboração de critérios para a execução do programa iconográfico e arquitetônico do espaço sagrado. O Concílio, ao recuperar a compreensão da liturgia como ação do próprio Mistério que dá vida à Igreja e superar a eclesiologia societária, típica do II milênio, provocou o despertar para a promoção e favorecimento da arte sacra. Neste estudo mostramos como os princípios teóricos presentes nos documentos conciliares foram recebidos e atualizados nas obras de Claudio Pastro na fidelidade ao espírito deste revolucionário evento eclesial do século XX.