bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eliminating Health Disparities in Women’s Health in Puerto Rico
Authors: Camacho-Feliciano Delia M. , Pacheco-Acosta Edna , Morales Beatríz , Romaguera Josefina
Published: November 2013

Introduction . Hispanic women in Puerto Rico share health concerns that affect women generally, and suffer disproportionately from some health concerns relative to non-Hispanic women. The University of Puerto Rico Women’s Health Center contributes to the promotion of women’s health by developing sustainable preventive services, designing programs according to women’s needs, and creating awareness of sex/gender differences in health and disease. Initiatives . A longitudinal breast cancer early detection clinic was developed and a community screening campaign was coordinated. Focus groups were conducted. A course on sex/gender considerations in research was developed and offered. Outcomes . Access to early detection of breast cancer was provided through an annual on-campus clinic and a community screening campaign. A breast cancer support group resulted from focus group recommendations. Health professionals from diverse disciplines participated in a course on sex/gender considerations in research. Conclusions . Synergistic efforts towards eliminating disparities in women’s health from an academic perspective provide a valuable tool for the promotion of health among Hispanic women living in Puerto Rico.
Prevalence and Correlates of Depressive Symptoms and Resiliency among African American Women in a Community-Based Primary Health Care Center
Authors: Holden Kisha B. , Bradford L. Dianne , Hall Stephanie P. , Belton Allyson S.
Published: November 2013

The purpose of this cross-sectional pilot study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms and resiliency among 290 African American women (AAW) in a community-based primary health care center. Descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Findings indicate that depressive symptoms are experienced by 49% of the participants, while 10% indicated a history of suicidal ideation. Participants had moderately high resiliency scores that had a statistically significant inverse relationship with depressive symptoms. This suggests that resiliency is potentially a protective factor for depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were positively correlated with participants’ diagnosis of at least one chronic disease. The strongest predictors of depressive symptoms were previous diagnoses of a mental health condition and unemployment. This study identifies risk and potential protective factors for depression among a clinic sample of AAW.
Hepatitis-C Multimedia Prevention Program in Poor Hispanic HIV-Infected Injecting drug users: Six Months after Intervention
Authors: Mayor Angel M. , Fernández Diana M. , Colón Héctor M. , Thomas James C. , Miranda Christine , Hunter-Mellado Robert F.
Published: November 2013

Background . In order to prevent the spread of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) amongst Hispanic injection drug users (IDUs), we developed, validated, and implemented a multimedia educational intervention program. Methods . A pre-post intervention study design was used to evaluate long-lasting knowledge and behavior changes in a group of 88 low-income Hispanic HIV-infected IDUs. Pre-intervention data was compared with data measured six months after the intervention. Results . A significant increase in the awareness regarding HCV clinical manifestations, HCV risky behaviors, HCV prevention practices, and HIV/HCV co-infection synergisms was observed in the group six months post-intervention. Conclusion . Our study confirms the long-lasting benefits of multimedia based intervention programs for disseminating HCV prevention strategies in IDUs. Preventive educational approaches that use images, figures, and animations tools can be recommended to target and tailor interventions for vulnerable populations.
Health Empowerment Technologies (HET): Building a Web-Based Tool to Empower Older African American Patient-Doctor Relationships
Authors: Winbush Greta Berry , McDougle Leon , Labranche Lynda , Khan Sidra , Tolliver Sophia
Published: November 2013

Responding to health and digital inequities among older African Americans, a customized web-based mobile health information intervention is being developed for this vulnerable group and their doctors as part of the Health Empowerment Technologies (HET) Project. The belief is an empowered patient-doctor relationship leads to more improved health outcomes than patient empowerment alone. Using health information technology to empower both older African Americans and their doctors by increasing health literacy and computer capacities of both is the major HET study aim. A focus group of older African American patients and one of their doctors yielded data to help build the HET. Thematic analysis of opinions and preferences about the content and structure of the HET revealed concordance and asymmetry among the patients and doctors. While challenges prevail in its construction, building this ethnicity-specific web-based health information technology presents the opportunity to integrate health information technology in clinical encounters for every patient.
Engaging "Apolitical" Adolescents: Analyzing the Popularity and Educational Potential of Dystopian Literature Post-9/11
Authors: Ames Melissa
Published: November 2013

Although dystopian novels have been prevalent under the young adult banner for decades, their abundance and popularity post-9/11 is noteworthy. The 21 st century has found academics and laypersons alike discussing the supposed political apathy of young adults and teenagers of the Millennial Generation. However, despite this common complaint—and contrary to ample research that indicates that this age group has traditionally been uninterested in global politics—the reading preferences of this generation indicate that this label of "apolitical" may not be as fitting as some believe. In fact, the popularity of young adult dystopian literature, which is ripe with these political themes, suggests that this group is actually quite interested in these topics, although they often turn to the safe confines of fiction to wrestle with them. This article explores the potential educational uses of these young adult dystopias and argues that reading these texts may be a small step in the direction of engaging students in social justice issues and, perhaps, sparking more overt political action.
Notes from the Field: An Interview with Fred Ritchin
Authors: Dill Nandi
Published: November 2013

This article considers the various possibilities for citizenship that can be imagined given our highly visual world. An interview with Fred Ritchin, New York University professor and author of After Photography, explores this issue through discussing how the circulation and dissemination of visual imagery may open avenues for dialogue, participation, communication, and understanding. Ritchin draws upon his extensive experience as an editor, curator, and educator to expand on several ideas: the circulation of images of suffering, the boundary between photography and art, and ethical responses engendered as part of a global citizenry.
English Blasphemy
Authors: Hunter Ian
Published: November 2013

Some have seen the desuetude and final abolition of England’s blasphemy laws in 2008 as the belated triumph of a liberalism grounded in individual rationality and consent. Postcolonial scholars, though, have interpreted the decriminalisation of blasphemy as symptomatic of the ideological role of liberal individualism, acting on behalf of a secularised nation-state, in repressing immigrant communities committed to the political exercise of religion. In showing that modern English blasphemy laws arose with the formation of the Anglican confessional state, forming part of its political theology and jurisprudence, this article argues that the abrogation of the laws signified neither the victory of rational individualism nor the triumph of a repressive secular state, but the final undoing of the Anglican settlement by an opposed political theology and jurisprudence.
Judith Shklar versus the International Criminal Court
Authors: Moyn Samuel
Published: November 2013

This essay-review revisits political theorist Judith Shklar’s classic Legalism, with an eye to the uses of its arguments in the era of the International Criminal Court. After reviewing her jurisprudence, the essay takes up her defense of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, showing that it is mainly her critical arguments about international criminal law that survive today. Then the essay goes on to examine further features of her doctrines, including the implications of her engagement with the so-called Tokyo trial for Japanese war criminals for the typically postcolonial setting of international criminal law today.
Liturgy and Law: Approaches to Halakhic Material in Yannai’s Kedushta’ot
Authors: Novick Tzvi
Published: November 2013

The article considers how Yannai, a liturgical poet of ca. 6th c. CE Byzantine Palestine, integrates legal material into his poems (qedushta’ot). The first and longer part of the article focuses on Yannai’s use of rabbinic sources, and in particular, the ways in which he situates the Mishnah in relationship to Scripture. The second part of the article focuses on Yannai’s approaches to Pentateuchal readings that center on law.
Der Welt-Dienst : International Anti-Semitic Propaganda
Authors: Plass Hanno
Published: November 2013

The Nazi regime elevated anti-Semitism to a scientific discipline, “Jew research” (Judenforschung), which underpinned regime propaganda. At the intersection between the academic rationalization of Jew hatred and propagandistic agitation was the magazine Welt-Dienst (World-Service, Service Mondiale). It was published from the end of 1933 to the beginning of 1945, at the end in more than twenty languages, Welt-Dienst was founded privately to create a central organization of an “Internationale of Anti-Semites.” It was quickly incorporated by Alfred Rosenberg, who thereby acquired a means of anonymously disseminating anti-Semitic propaganda worldwide. The Welt-Dienst worked closely with the Institute for the Study of the Jewish Question, even sharing a space with it in Frankfurt am Main. Both profited from the Aryanization of Jewish libraries and the raids of the Reichsleiter Rosenberg Taskforce which plundered Jewish property for “Jew research” in wake of the Wehrmacht. The Welt-Dienst articles compiled based on the possessions of the murdered European Jews served the needs of the regime and helped bolster the war unleashed by the Third Reich against the Jews. While other Nazi propaganda institutions have recently received researchers’ attention, the Welt-Dienst has been neglected, its founder Ulrich Fleischhauer being considered an eccentric outsider. This article is supposed to outline and highlight the relevance and history of the Welt-Dienst and show that its role as a mediator between propaganda and science was more significant than previously assumed.
An Enemy Old and New: The Dönme, Anti-Semitism, and Conspiracy Theories in the Ottoman Empire and Turkish Republic
Authors: Baer Marc David
Published: November 2013

The main focal point in Ottoman and Turkish antisemitism is the figure of the Dönme—the descendants of Jews who converted to Islam along with their messiah Shabbatai Tzevi. The focus on the Dönme arises from the perception of the Salonikan-based Young Turks as a cabal of Dönme, or secret Jews. It was immediately in the wake of the 1908 constitutional revolution—which culminated in the dethronement of Abdülhamid II, and ultimately led to the construction of the secular Turkish republic—that antisemitic conspiracy theories centering on the Dönme were first voiced. These arguments were expanded after 1923 to claim that the man who abolished the caliphate and established the secular state, the Salonikan Atatürk, was a Dönme. Turkish antisemitism was fed by Nazism and Turkish anti-Zionism from the mid 1920s to 1945, and was more openly articulated after the creation of Israel, but it remained a retelling of the events of 1908. From 1908 to today, the Dönme character—a secret Jew hiding in the guise of the nation’s leader who surreptitiously aims to destroy Turkey on behalf of world Jewry—has been the stock figure in anti-government conspiracy theories promoted by Islamists dispossessed of their authority, extreme rightists, and secularists divested of their power. Antisemitic conspiracy theories gain traction among all elements of Turkish society based on the racist assumption that only a Turkish Muslim can have Turkey’s interests at heart, while a Jew—here the false convert, the secret Jew Dönme—can only serve foreign interests at odds with those of the Turks.
“A Missionary from the East to Western Pagans”: Kagawa Toyohiko’s 1936 U.S. Tour
Authors: Shaffer Robert
Published: November 2013

The 1936 U.S. tour by Japanese Protestant evangelist and social reformer Kagawa Toyohiko shows that the Christian missionary enterprise did not go in only one direction. Leading American Protestants welcomed Kagawa’s aid in demonstrating Christianity’s relevance during the Great Depression, hoping that his identification with the poor and his strategy of building economic cooperatives would resonate in the United States. The author characterizes the tour’s organizers, including current and former American missionaries, as “critical internationalists,” whose interactions with the wider world convinced them that they needed to learn from others and that their own society needed to change.
Types of explanation in history
Authors: Lightfoot David W.
Published: November 2013

This article examines the ways in which explanation has been achieved in scientific work on language change over the last two hundred years. Explanations have come in many forms and at many levels and are greatly influenced by what are taken as the leading questions, which themselves have varied significantly since the early nineteenth century.
Isidora Aguirre y la renovación del teatro de tema histórico en Chile
Authors: Obregón Osvaldo
Published: November 2013

Four historical plays with a clear Chilean referent stand out from Isidora Aguirre’s valuable theatre repertory: Lautaro (1982), Diálogos de fin de siglo (1989), Manuel Rodríguez (1999), and El adelantado don Diego de Almagro (2003). We will focus on the latter, which apparently has not yet premiered. Among the principal elements of its dramatic action analyzed here are: 1) the protagonism and antagonism of its historical characters; 2) text division; 3) structuring of time and space; 4) dialogues and narration; and 5) the fusion of artistic genres. At the end it is established that the last element has something in common with the other three plays. Among the conclusions arrived at, the analogies between past and present come to light namely in Lautaro and Diálogos de fin de siglo which take us back to the period under Pinochet’s dictatorship. In all of them, Aguirre avoids a realistic approach, intertwining with fluidity in her writing some of the relevant principles of western contemporary theatre put forth by the likes of A. Artaud, B. Brecht, and Peter Weiss.
La violencia en la dramaturgia femenina de la frontera norte de México
Authors: Mijares Enrique
Published: November 2013

Diversity is at the base of a theatre which has become widespread across the northern part of Mexico. This theatre is capable of offering its readers / audience unexplored possibilities of reflection, selection, appropriation, and recreation on a crucial topic, not only about the border between the American Union and the Mexican Republic, but about a topic that is neither exclusive to these two countries nor to the rest of the continent, but expanded and critical on a global level: violence. From those countless violent edges and tentacles, five women border-dwellers and playwrights, among others, write about it: Selfa Chew, Guadalupe de la Mora, Larisa López, Perla de la Rosa, and Virginia Hernández.
Poéticas del encierro en una sociedad re-democratizada: nuevas miradas sobre viejas heridas
Authors: Lagos M. Soledad
Published: November 2013

In the plays Niñas araña , by Luis Barrales; Diciembre , by Guillermo CalderÓn; Medusa , by Ximena Carrera; and Las analfabetas , by Pablo Paredes, the narrow limit between private spaces and public ones blurs and the issue of confinement emerges, understood as an attitude by some subjects not conscious of their roles, who accept the impossibility of influencing a change or conditioning others through concrete actions because they consider a priori that taking an action is condemned to failure. At the same time, in all these plays, an active exercise of memory takes place, in the sense of bringing up to date in each play’s referred present an inconvenient past that hurts and continues to vex in a re-democratized society. Even though the latter has moved past a system in which violations against Human Rights were daily occurrences, it has postponed in a systematic fashion its mourning duties, so the sectors involved do not communicate, but rather opt for a dangerous and fictional confinement.
The Beginnings, Means, and Ends of Interpretation in Yo también hablo de la rosa
Authors: Tremé Matthew
Published: November 2013

This article explores how the formal dramatic structure of Emilio Carballido’s play conflates the dueling acts of artistic creation and critical interpretation. Whereas previous scholarship has primarily focused on the acts of interpretation that the play’s many characters carry out as they re-represent the actions of the protagonists that lead up to the climactic yet out-of-sequence train wreck, here the author examines why critics generall place the work’s first representation of these actions in a space of non-interpretation and the implications of subjecting that sequence of events to critical scrutiny. This analysis posits that interpretation here is not just a function of reception or re-telling; rather, it is embedded in the play’s structure, whose seeming transparency belies the web of manipulation that extends beneath its surface.
Mirando la voz (a)callada: dimensiones del silencio en El miedo y Decir sí , de Griselda Gambaro
Authors: Santana Lucía G.
Published: November 2013

This article undertakes the contrastive analysis of two of Griselda Gambaro´s absurdist plays of the seventies, El miedo and Decir sí , which exemplify the relationship between the different dimensions of textual and extra-textual silence as the grounds of the author´s ethic-aesthetic activism. Objects in space, visuality, and intertextuality establish a correspondence between textual silence and the different dimensions of State silence that become the main tool for sociopolitical subjection by repressive regimes. Thus, it brings light onto the spectacular strategies used for the control of the symbolic order, providing the audience with new resources to deconstruct hegemonic discourses without incurring in the violence that it wants to denounce.
Expolios de la mujer y el entorno en Gení y el Zepelín de José Luis Ramos Escobar
Authors: Morell Hortensia R.
Published: November 2013

This essay explores the intertextual relations between the Puerto Rican writer’s oneact play Gení y el Zepelín and Chico Buarque de Hollanda’s Ópera do Malandro . This process uncovers not only Ramos’s borrowing of a Buarque ballad for his title, his protagonist, and his plot, but also the way he shares Brecht’s theatre poetics with his Brazilian counterpart. The study also reveals a complex textual web that includes Brecht’s Die Dreigroschenoper , Maupassant’s “Boule de Suif,” Queiroz’s “Tangerine Girl,” and García Márquez’s El otoño del patriarca . The interrelated works’ shared theme of the despoiling of women and the environment is analyzed through the lens of Gayle Rubin’s “The Traffic in Women.”
“Performance: Encarna-acciones de la contemporaneidad”: Facultad de Artes, Universidad de Antioquia
Authors: Brand Angela María Chaverra
Published: November 2013

Since 2003, the project “El Cuerpo Habla” has looked into the question of happenings of the flesh in the city of Medellín and how the paradigm change that occurred with the appearance of the vanguards in the 20 th century has given rise to the expansion of concepts such as representation, resistance, and fabulation, all of which allow us to sketch out new strategies in the construction of artistic tendencies in which different techniques and awarenesses such as in performance, permanent artistic workshops, internal and interdisciplinary dialogues, and pedagogical proposals are integrated with those that take on board art, the relation of self, other, and the environment and that are open to multiplicity, divergence, and variation.
Political Uses of Wugu Sorcery in Imperial China: A Cross-Cultural Perspective
Authors: Zhao Xiaohuan
Published: November 2013

Wugu is a compound term than can loosely be rendered as “black magic.” Numerous wugu related incidents are recorded in the official history of China, and many of them concern political uses of sorcery charges. Since the 1970s, much research has been done on the political aspects of sorcery and witchcraft in medieval and early modern Europe, but treatments of wugu sorcery as a political instrument in imperial China are few and scattered. This paper carries forward the descriptive strengths of earlier studies on Chinese sorcery, using a cross-cultural perspective to bring the Chinese studies into conversation with approaches current in European history. It focuses on the uses and charges of wugu as a political instrument for power struggle and social control in imperial China.
The Wide Woman: A Neglected Epithet in the Malleus Maleficarum
Authors: Ostling Michael
Published: November 2013

According to the Malleus maleficarum , devils refer to the Virgin Mary as extensa mulier or “the distended woman.” Although this peculiar phrase finds no echo in western demonology or western witch-trial testimony before or after the Malleus , a very similar epithet is widely attested in Polish sources from the 16th-18th centuries, where both accused witches and the demon-possessed report that devils call Mary Szeroka or “the Wide Woman.” The present article explores two possibilities: that Polish folk demonology got its “Wide Woman” from the Malleus, or that the Malleus got ‘extensa mulier’ from Slavic folk demonology. It argues for the second option, suggesting thereby that the collective concept of the diabolical witch drew more widely from European folklores than is usually supposed.
Divination by Dropping Shells ( wad‘ ) in Ṣan‘ā’, Yemen
Authors: Regourd Anne
Published: November 2013

In this article, divination using seashells, especially cowrie-shell divination, is examined via a female practitioner in Ṣan‘ā’ (Yemen). A detailed description of the séances and the analysis of several casts shows the extent of the knowledge displayed by the practitioners, generally women. Their interpretation uses a vocabulary and syntax based on rhetorical figures and social conventions. Other skills, more social ones, such as knowledge of their clients’ cultural group of origin and psychology, are crucial to steering the course of the consultation. Other forms of divination and magic can come into play as well. As far as details of interpretation of the casts could be reconstructed – always a posteriori – it is argued that there is something else at work beyond these skills that could be referred to as ‘inspiration.’
Spatial Memory, Historiographic Fantasy, and the Touch of the Past in St. Erkenwald
Authors: Camp Cynthia Turner
Published: November 2013

This article reads the anonymous Middle English alliterative poem St. Erkenwald as a historiographic exemplum germane to contemporary scholars' concerns about the mandate to "always historicize." The poem stages upon London's polytemporal cityscape a physical encounter between the present—conversion-era Anglo-Saxon London—and an unfamiliar pagan British past embodied in the undecayed (and eventually revivified) corpse of a long-buried judge. Using Maurice Halbwach's theories of collective identity and Michel de Certeau's insights on historiography, I consider the poem's critique of the processes of recuperating, erasing, and incorporating the civic past. This reading lays out interrelations among the operations of memory, desire, and malleable corporate identity that are relevant to contemporary discussions about historicism, revealing the limitations of different historiographic and commemorative processes while insisting upon their necessity, and their potential, for (re)constituting both civic identity and scholarly endeavor.
Narratives of Resentment: Notes towards a Literary History of European Anti-Americanism
Authors: Gulddal Jesper
Published: November 2013

This essay investigates the history and internal functioning of a specifically literary form of anti-Americanism that for more than two hundred years has played a key role in the propagation of negative images of the United States. Drawing on Dickens's Martin Chuzzlewit (1843-44), Duhamel's Scénes de la vie future (1930), and Graham Greene's The Quiet American (1955), it analyzes three major narrative paradigms of anti-Americanism literature: the story of the disillusioned emigrant, anti-American futurology, and anti-American tribunalism. On this basis, the essay offers a discussion of fictional literature as a medium for the development and dissemination of anti-Americanism, before concluding by linking literary anti-Americanism to the quest for a common European identity.
Knowing Kim, Knowing in Kim
Authors: Fellion Matthew
Published: November 2013

This essay examines Rudyard Kipling’s canny treatment of knowledge in Kim . While the novel itself performs ethnology, seeming to convey suspect knowledge about the races, religions, and castes of India, it also examines this performance as a practice in itself and registers the challenges of knowing other people, both through ethnography and through the representations of fiction. Rather than undertake this examination explicitly, Kim uses the resources of the novel, such as narrative and dialogical strategies, to distinguish between practices of knowing and between categories of knowledge claims, and to explore the limits of these practices and claims.
Parenting Young Readers with The Girlhood of Shakespeare’s Heroines
Authors: Barber Sarah
Published: November 2013

In this article, Mary Cowden Clarke’s fictional accounts of the childhood and adolescent years of Shakespeare’s heroines are situated in several contexts: the nineteenth century’s emphasis on characterological criticism; the obsessive focus of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Thomas Carlyle, Thomas De Quincey, and William Hazlitt on the heroines as indicators of the plays’ moral worth; and the efforts of Henrietta Bowdler, Mary Lamb, and Anna Jameson to impact how young women read Shakespeare. This article argues that Clarke empowers young women to read the plays by inventing parent-child relationships whose educational agenda she attributes to Shakespeare, positioning him as father figure and guarantor of the respectability of young women’s solitary reading of the plays.
“ Farewell farewell farewell ”: John Ruskin’s Valedictory Gestures
Authors: Sider Justin
Published: November 2013

This essay considers John Ruskin’s late lecture, “The Mystery of Life and Its Arts” (1868), in which the Victorian sage imagined he was giving up his career, in order to explore the central role played by scenes of leave-taking in his writings. Uniting a retrospective or elegiac gaze with a prospective or subjunctive finale, the valedictory speaker earns the authority of naming the character of his experience because it is something he may now leave behind. Ruskin’s valedictory gestures, focused in this lecture but stretching across his entire career, suggest that his obsession with failure also structured his understanding of professional authorship.
‘Alien Qualities’: Hanne Darboven – constructing time
Authors: Lauder Adam
Published: November 2013

Hanne Darboven’s numerical practice fulfils Alain Badiou’s definition of a new artistic configuration (albeit one that the philosopher does not foretell). Darboven’s writing – like that of Isidore Ducasse – subverts ordinary thinking through the ‘alien qualities’ of mathematics. Yet, in Darboven’s grammatical oeuvre, infinity emerges as a function of number’s capacity to be thought simultaneously across an unlimited number of discursive series. Her art affirms the plasticity of number by dispersing numerical series across a continuous surface. These surface effects simultaneously recall the disjunctive temporality of the Aion described by Gilles Deleuze in The Logic of Sense (2004). Finally, Darboven’s writing of number also reveals traces of broader social transformations that emerged during the 1960s in tandem with unprecedented advances in automation and computing: particularly neo-Taylorist and cybernetic approaches to the administration of workers’ time. But crises in labour practices are appropriated by Darboven as techniques of subjectivization that the artist always subverts to her own ends.
Novel insights into the neuroendocrine control of inflammation: the role of GR and PARP1
Authors: Aprile-Garcia Fernando , Antunica-Noguerol María , Budziñski Maia Ludmila , Liberman Ana C , Arzt Eduardo
Published: November 2013

Inflammatory responses are elicited after injury, involving release of inflammatory mediators that ultimately lead, at the molecular level, to the activation of specific transcription factors (TFs; mainly activator protein 1 and nuclear factor-κB). These TFs propagate inflammation by inducing the expression of cytokines and chemokines. The neuroendocrine system has a determinant role in the maintenance of homeostasis, to avoid exacerbated inflammatory responses. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the key neuroendocrine regulators of the inflammatory response. In this study, we describe the molecular mechanisms involved in the interplay between inflammatory cytokines, the neuroendocrine axis and GCs necessary for the control of inflammation. Targeting and modulation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its activity is a common therapeutic strategy to reduce pathological signaling. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of PAR on target proteins, a post-translational modification termed PARylation. PARP1 has a central role in transcriptional regulation of inflammatory mediators, both in neuroendocrine tumors and in CNS cells. It is also involved in modulation of several nuclear receptors. Therefore, PARP1 and GR share common inflammatory pathways with antagonic roles in the control of inflammatory processes, which are crucial for the effective maintenance of homeostasis.
Histone deacetylation of NIS promoter underlies BRAF V600E-promoted NIS silencing in thyroid cancer
Authors: Zhang Zongjing , Liu Dingxie , Murugan Avaniyapuram Kannan , Liu Zhimin , Xing Mingzhao
Published: November 2013

The BRAF V600E mutation causes impaired expression of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) and radioiodine refractoriness of thyroid cancer, but the underlying mechanism remains undefined. In this study, we hypothesized that histone deacetylation at the NIS (SLC5A5) promoter was the mechanism. Using the chromatin immunoprecipitation approach, we examined histone acetylation status on the lysine residues H3K9/14, H3K18, total H4, and H4K16 at the NIS promoter under the influence of BRAF V600E. We found that expression of stably or transiently transfected BRAF V600E inhibited NIS expression while the deacetylase inhibitor SAHA stimulated NIS expression in PCCL3 rat thyroid cells. Although BRAF V600E enhanced global histone acetylation, it caused histone deacetylation at the NIS promoter while SAHA caused acetylation in the cells. In human thyroid cancer BCPAP cells harboring homozygous BRAF V600E mutation, BRAF V600E inhibitor, PLX4032, and MEK inhibitor, AZD6244, increased histone acetylation of the NIS promoter, suggesting that BRAF V600E normally maintained histone in a deacetylated state at the NIS promoter. The regions most commonly affected with deacetylation by BRAF V600E were the transcriptionally active areas upstream of the translation start that contained important transcription factor binding sites, including nucleotides −297/−107 in the rat NIS promoter and −692/−370 in the human NIS promoter. Our findings not only reveal an epigenetic mechanism for BRAF V600E-promoted NIS silencing involving histone deacetylation at critical regulatory regions of the NIS promoter but also provide further support for our previously proposed combination therapy targeting major signaling pathways and histone deacetylase to restore thyroid gene expression for radioiodine treatment of thyroid cancer.
The Role of a Pollen-Expressed Cullin1 Protein in Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility in Solanum
Authors: Li Wentao , Chetelat Roger T
Published: November 2013

We previously isolated a pollen factor, ui6.1, which encodes a Cullin1 protein (CUL1) that functions in unilateral interspecific incompatibility (UI) in Solanum. Here we show that CUL1 is also required for pollen function in self-incompatibility (SI). We used RNA interference (RNAi) to reduce CUL1 expression in pollen of Solanum arcanum, a wild SI tomato relative. Hemizygous T0 plants showed little or no transmission of the transfer DNA (T-DNA) through pollen when crossed onto nontransgenic SI plants, indicating that CUL1-deficient pollen are selectively eliminated. When crossed onto a related self-compatible (SC) accession lacking active S-RNase, pollen transmission of the T-DNA followed Mendelian ratios. These results provide further evidence for functional overlap between SI and UI on the pollen side and suggest that CUL1 mutations will reinforce SI-to-SC transitions in natural populations only if preceded by loss of pistil S-RNase expression.
Tensões e contradições do conceito de organização aplicado à universidade: o caso da criação da USP-Leste
Authors: Garcia Sylvia Gemignani , Carlotto Maria Caramez
Published: November 2013

O estabelecimento de um novo campus da Universidade de São Paulo em uma área periférica da cidade de São Paulo é analisada neste artigo como um caso empírico das tensões entre a concepção organizacional e as particularidades institucionais da universidade, revelando as contradições internas ao conceito de "organização" quando aplicado às universidades. Com base nessa análise, explicamos os conflitos que opuseram professores e coordenadores do projeto USP-Leste durante a implementação da escola criada para promover o desenvolvimento socioeconômico local. O caso também mostra a influência da cultura política brasileira sobre o processo de mudança acadêmica que se desenrola em nível global.
Challenges in Erecting the West Kowloon Terminus Roof
Authors: Tapley Michael , Sheldon Rick , Kayvani Kourosh
Published: November 2013

West Kowloon Terminus will be a landmark station at the Hong Kong end of the China high-speed rail system. The focus of the station will be a roof structure, formed from three triangulated steel trusses, curved both in plan and elevation, capped by composite concrete walkways which ultimately support significant superimposed dead loads in the form of landscaping, planters and trees. Significant parts of the building envelope is made of glass systems. The construction of this structure presents many challenges to the contractor’s erection engineering team.

The erection sequence for the roof has been developed to avoid any overstress under the transient loading conditions during erection and minimize the effects of locked-in stresses on the permanent structure, while ensuring the roof can be erected to a tight programme and in a cost effective manner. The roof is erected on elevated platforms supported by temporary trusses and towers. The assembly, and subsequent de-propping of the permanent trusses, is carried out systematically as a controlled process, ensuring the steelwork is not overstressed even when subjected to the onerous Hong Kong wind loading. On completion of the structural steelwork concrete slabs are cast along the top

chords of the trusses to form a composite structure.

Detailed analytical studies have been carried out on the structure for the various stages of erection, with the resulting member loads and movements being used to refine the erection sequence.

Residual forces from the analysis are compared to the forces used in the permanent works design. The inclusion of concrete slabs requires the modelling of the time dependent properties of the concrete.

According to the erection analysis, the unique geometry of the roof leads to large movements as the propping system is released. It has therefore been necessary to apply derived values of precamber to the structure to achieve the stipulated construction tolerances.
Towards implementation of safer built environment by integrating technological and social approaches
Authors: Meguro Kimiro , Fujino Yozo
Published: November 2013

In order to implement safer built environment, it is essential to secure resilience of urban systems including civil infrastructures, buildings and houses. And to secure resilience of structures, we should understand their structural behaviour by theoretical, experimental and/or numerical approaches. On the other hand, to implement high resilient structures, social approach is necessary as well as technological approach. Therefore, in this paper, we will introduce two topics. One is a brief introduction of the Applied Element Method by which total behaviour of structures from sound to complete collapse states can be simulated with high accuracy. The other is unique research for promotion of retrofit of weaker non-engineered masonry houses in developing countries by integrating technological and social approaches.
Mass Rapid Transit System Challenges for Indian Cities
Authors: Cugnet Herve
Published: November 2013

Most Indian cities are experiencing rapid urbanization and majority of country’s population is expected to live in cities within the next two decades. The rapid demographic and spatial development in urban India is putting a tremendous pressure on the urban infrastructure services, and especially on urban transport which is lifeline for the economic development of the country. This paper will review the need for public transport in Indian cities, at the pace of its urbanization and urban transport scenario. It will highlight the challenges for development of Mass Rapid Transit Systems (MRTS) in those cities and suggest solutions to face them efficiently.
The Roof of the Swiss Tech Convention Center in Lausanne – Structural Design and Execution
Authors: Pirazzi Claudio , Thomann Michel , Guscetti Gabriele
Published: November 2013

The aim of this article is to treat the structural concept and the technical challenges encountered during the realisation of the wide span spatial steel roof of the new convention centre at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL). With its main audience hall, designed to accommodate up to 3000 people, this convention centre will be the largest in Switzerland and one of the largest in Europe. Its principle function is to receive scientific and academic events. The construction in the northern part of the EPFL campus began in 2011 and will be finished in late 2013.
SHM of the new bridge over the River Sado in Portugal during construction
Authors: Santos Luís Oliveira , Xu Min , Santos João Pedro
Published: November 2013

The new railway crossing over the River Sado is a 2,7 km long bridge, including two approach viaducts and a main bridge. The main bridge, with a continuous deck over 480 m, consists of three continuous bowstrings with a single plane of hangers on the bridge axis. The bridge is located in an environmentally sensitive area which conditioned the design and the construction methods used.

The bridge importance, its structural complexity and the innovative constructions methods used were the main constraints and motivations for the development of the implemented structural monitoring system, which is described herein. The motivation of this paper is to present the structural monitoring system and the experimental bridge behaviour during the deck incremental launching and the hoisting of the arches.
Longitudinal Vibration Control of Long-span Railway Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Shan Deshan , Li Qiao , Huang Zhen
Published: November 2013

As the floating tower cable-stayed bridge has no constraint between the main girder and the pylon, it may cause larger longitudinal displacement of main girder, and larger longitudinal bending moment at the root of tower, and it also could affect the normal use and safety of the bridge under the affection of earthquake and train braking. It is an important part of the design to select an appropriate vibration control scheme. Taking a long-span railway bridge for example, this paper presents the finite element model and discusses the damping effect in the view of train braking. Moreover, the present study also examines the dynamic behavior with focus on two parameters of damping coefficient C and damping exponent α of the viscous dampers through dynamic time-history analysis. The results show that setting viscous dampers with reasonable parameters can reduce the vibration and the response of the bridge caused by train braking and have a good energy dissipation effect.
Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) deck for a cable stayed bridge
Authors: Van Ijselmuijden Kees , Tromp Liesbeth , Hagenaars Peter , de Boer Martijn
Published: November 2013

This paper presents a cable stay bridge with a deck, entirely constructed from Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP). FRP materials are normally chosen because they are low maintenance, but heavy material like reinforced concrete are prone to maintenance issues as well as light steel structure systems (or a combination of both these materials). FRP is an upcoming material, and has the best properties of both new and traditional materials. On the basis of a preliminary design of a typical cable stayed bridge, this paper demonstrates that an FRP deck is possible.
Design of the Chenab Bridge in India
Authors: Pulkkinen Pekka , Karius Kilian , Kiviluoma Risto
Published: November 2013

This paper describes the conceptual design and the main principles of structural design of the Chenab Bridge. The main focus is to explain the exceptional bridge concept in challenging terrain and to give an overall description of design solutions used in one of the highest steel arch railway bridge in the world.
Testing of modular expansion joints – America's leading role
Authors: Spuler Thomas , Moor Gianni , Meng Niculin
Published: November 2013

Laboratory testing to verify the functionality, performance and durability of bridge deck expansion joints has become increasingly important in recent years in certain markets around the world, and indeed it has an important role to play in many circumstances. Testing has particular potential in the case of modular expansion joints, which offer great benefits to bridge designers but which are, of necessity, relatively complex mechanical structures. Nowhere has the demand for testing of modular joints, and the specification of what testing should be carried out and how, been stronger than in the United States, where a comprehensive range of standards has been published. This

includes highly demanding testing to assess an expansion joint’s suitability in a number of key areas, including fatigue performance, daily movements, traffic vibrations, elastomeric seal strength, and performance during a seismic event. This testing is described, and the consequences of the unnecessary or improper requirement for such testing by bridge designers and owners are discussed, enabling recommendations for the setting of such requirements to be made.
Numerical Analysis of Highly Nonlinear Effects in Bridge Dynamics
Authors: Morgenthal Guido , Hallermann Norman
Published: November 2013

Structural engineering typically tries to linearise physical processes in order to simplify their analysis. Whilst this is often permissible without a substantial reduction in accuracy, numerous phenomena are in fact highly nonlinear and cannot be linearised without sacrificing accuracy and, in a structural design context, structural safety. Many of the most complex such phenomena occur in bridge dynamics and this paper outlines some work in relation to nonlinear numerical analyses of dynamic interactions. Examples discussed are the process of lifting a bridge segment from a floating barge and that of nonlinear cable oscillations.
Stability Analysis of the Effect of Soil Settlement on a Cable-Stayed Bridge in the Mekong River Delta
Authors: Hoang Vu , Kiyomiya Osamu , An Tongxiang
Published: November 2013

Soil settlement has a significant influence on cable-stayed bridges, especially in the Mekong River Delta, where most sites exhibit poor geological conditions. In this paper, the Can Tho Bridge was used as a prototype; two numerical models were generated using the details of the geometry, materials, and loads of the actual bridge. One model was used to evaluate the construction stage, and the other was used for the operational (or service) stage. Displacements of the substructure were applied to both models to discover their effect on the cables, an essential part of a cable-stayed bridge. The results showed that vertical displacements have a major influence on the stability of a cable-stayed bridge during the service stage. In addition, rotational and horizontal settlement creates unexpected effects that can neutralize the most critical working conditions of cable systems.

However, soil settlement does not play a significant role in the construction stage.
The iconic Bandra Worli Sealink in the city of Mumbai, India – Construction of the Bandra Cable-Stayed Bridges
Authors: Khedkar Suhas , Paradkar Dinesh
Published: November 2013

The Bandra Worli Sea Link is an iconic structure in the city of Mumbai. The 4.7 km long Sea Link has two parallel independent 4-lane carriageways for north bound and south bound traffic. In India, the bridge has demonstrated many firsts: the first Sea Link using solely precast segmental construction, the first cable stayed bridge across a sea, the first cable stayed bridge with a single central pylon. The Sea Link has two cable stayed bridges on each carriageway, along its alignment, which are very outstanding. The Sea Link as such is a masterpiece in bridge aesthetics.

This paper presents in brief the structural components and the construction details of the towers and deck of the Bandra Cable Stayed Bridge.
Izmit Bay Suspension Bridge – Construction
Authors: Yamasaki Yasutsugu , Kanekura Takashi , Ikoma Naoki , Sasaki Tomoaki , Kudo Mitsuhiro
Published: November 2013

The construction of the Izmit Bay Suspension Bridge has started in January 2013 to be completed early 2016. The construction of large scale of suspension bridge over the sea to be completed in such a short period requires a sufficient knowledge and experience of construction of large scale marine work and of large scale suspension bridge. The papers describe the construction planning of the substructure and superstructure of the Izmit Bay Suspension Bridge and the current status at the construction site.