bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Above – The Sky of Varkaus
Authors: Itkonen Matti
Published: January 2025

The figurative fabric of being can be embroidered with words, images, ideas and fantasies. After all, we find this embroidery in the reality of language. In English we see the idea in such words as ‘coloured’, ‘mottled’, ‘pied’, ‘diversity’, ‘multiplicity’, for example, all of which correspond to the Finnish word ‘kirjo’, used in describing, among others, a rainbow trout, a harbour seal and the magical artefact in the national epic Kalevala. Medicines described in English as ‘broad-spectrum’, i.e. effective against many things, micro-organisms, have a ‘broad embroidery’ in Finnish. What is the meaning of a time of ‘embroidered culture’, of cultural multiplicity, and what is it like? Multi-face man inhabits the age of cultural multiplicity. Just as one-look man does. They can also be different sides of the same person. In fact, to counteract or provide an inverse existential partner for multi-face man, one-look man must be created and brought into the world. Through these existential opposites, it is possible to achieve sufficient depth and dimensionality for examining things. Multi-face man is born from the sphere of inwardness; its starting point is always at the core of existential interiority. One-look man in contrast exists purely as an externality – a being guided and led by an external will. Multi-face man, on the other hand, contains elements beyond the reach and control of external will: his interiority makes him an existential mystery. One-look man has a rote-learned fashionableness. There is nothing surprising about him since the known past also makes the future known and predictable in advance. All that remains is the repetition of the once learned. In short, multi-face man is the independent subject of his own life. One-look man is the non-independent subject of his existence because his externality – devoid of self-illumination – reflects the will of an external interiority.
IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS OF ORGANIZING AND HOLDING COMPETITIONS
Authors: Atabayev Baxtiyor Xamidillayevich
Published: January 2025

In competitions, every athlete strives to defeat their opponent And this aspiration requires the athlete to mobilize all his strength.
Penerapan Relaksasi Imajinasi Terpimpin Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Klien Hipertensi
Authors: Mufaida Reny , Alfiyanti Dera
Published: January 2025

Imajinasi terpimpin merupakan aktivlitas kognlitif yang diglunakan untuk menlurunkan persepsi nyleri menljadi berkurlang, imajinasi terpimpin efektif menurunlkan tekanaln darlah. Teralpi imajilnasi terpimpin aklan memberlikan efek rilelks. Palda saat konldisi tubuh rilleks, tubulh akan mengelluarkan hormon endolrphin dengan menurunkan efek katekolamin, penurun kladar katekollamin dalam pembululh daralh dapat mengakibatlkan denylut jantlung berklurang dan tekanlan daralh menjadi turlun. Tujuan dlari studi kaslus inli adalah melngetahui penlurunan tekanlan daralh pada subljek studi dengan hiplertensi menggunakan teralpi imajinasi terpimpin. Desain yangl digunlakan pada stludi kaslus ini yaitu deslkriptif dengan pendekatlan proses asulhan keperawlatan. Subjek stludi kalsus ini terdiri darli 2 pasien. Sulbjek studli kaslus ini adalah paslien denglan diagnosa medis hiperltensi dengan  tekanan darah ≥140 / ≥ 90 mmHg, rentang usia responden <60 tahun, jenis kelamin perempuan, IMT antara 18,5–24,9, subjek studi yalng pendengalrannya blaik, koopleratif dan dalpat berkomlunikasi dengan blaik, 2 jam sebelumnya tidak meminum obat antihipertensi, dan subjek studi yang sedang melakukan Rawat Inap di RSUD KRMT Wongsonego. Berdasarkan hasil studi kasus ini menunjukan setelah dilakukan terapi imajinasi terpimpin pada kedua subjek studi kasus didapatkan hasil adanya penurunan tekanan darah. Berdasarkan hasil dari studi kasus dalpat disimlpulkan bahwa terapli imajilnasi terpimpin efekltif untuk menurunkan tekanlan darlah padla subjek studi denlgan hipelrtensi.
Terapi Relaksasi Autogenik Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Post Operasi Laparatomi
Authors: Ma'arif Syahrul , Hartiti Tri
Published: January 2025

Laparotomi merupakan suatu tindakan pembedahan pada daerah abdomen dengan cara membuka dinding abdomen untuk mencapai isi dari rongga abdomen yang mengalami masalah seperti perdarahan, perforasi, kanker, dan obstruksi. Perawatan post operasi di Indonesia seringkali menimbulkan komplikasi diantaranya gangguan rasa aman nyaman, rasa nyeri yang mengganggu dan menurunnya kualitas tidur. Nyeri merupakan suatu perasaan atau pengalaman yang tidak nyaman baik secara sensori maupun emosional yang dapat ditandai dengan kerusakan jaringan ataupun tidak (Association for the study of pain). Dampak yang serius dapat muncul akibat nyeri yang tidak ditangani, baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Tujuan studi kasus ini untuk mengetahui penurunan intensitas nyeri setelah dilakukan teknik relaksasi autogenik. Metode studi kasus ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus melalui pendekatan proses keperawatan. Hasil studi kasus menunjukkan bahwa terapi relaksasi autogenik dapat mengurangi intensitas nyeri yaitu pada subjek 1 adalah dari skala 6 menjadi skala 2 dan subjek 2 dari skala 5 menjadi skala 2, kesimpulannya bahwa terapi relaksasi autogenik dapat membantu menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada pasien post operasi laparatomi.
Penurunan Skala Nyeri Pasien Post Apendiktomi Menggunakan Teknik Relaksasi Genggam Jari (Finger Hold)
Authors: Kusrini Erna Sutrisnawati , Rahayu Desi Ariyana
Published: January 2025

Nyeri merupakan keluhan yang sering dirasakan pada pasien post apendiktomi. Nyeri dapat mengakibatkan ketidaknyamanan dan mempengaruhi proses penyembuhan pasien. Teknik relaksasi genggam jari adalah terapi non farmakologi untuk menurunkan nyeri.Tujuan studi ini adalah mengetahui gambaran asuhan keperawatan pada pasien post apendiktomi yang diberikan teknik relaksasi genggam jari (Finger Hold) dalam menurunkan nyeri. Studi kasus ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan. Jumlah responden 2 pasien post apendiktomi. Pengukuran skala nyeri menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Studi kasus 1 menunjukkan penurunan skala nyeri dari skala 6 (nyeri sedang) menjadi skala 3(nyeri ringan). Studi kasus 2 menunjukkan penurunan skala nyeri dari skala 5 (nyeri sedang) menjadi skala 2 (nyeri ringan). Teknik relaksasi genggam jari (Finger Hold) dapat menurunkan skala nyeri pada pasien post apendiktomi. Rekomendasi: Terapi relaksasi genggam jari (Finger Hold) efektif dilakukan sesuai standar operasional prosedur (SOP) dalam menurunkan nyeri pasien post apendiktomi. Kata Kunci: Nyeri akut, apendiktomi, terapi relaksasi genggam jari (Finger Hold)
Penerapan terapi rendam air hangat dengan garam dapur terhadap skala nyeri gout arthritis pada lansia
Authors: Jannah Nurul , Warsono Warsono
Published: January 2025

Kadar purin yang abnormal dalam tubuh dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kristalisasi kondisi tersebut dalam jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan sensasi nyeri pada penderita gout. Ciri khas nyeri yg dirasakan penderita umumnya pada sendi kecil terutama pada jari kaki. Penatalaksanaan nyeri dapat dilakukan secara farmakologi dan nonfarmakologi, salah satunya dengan melakukan terapi rendam air hangat dengan garam dapur. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan skala nyeri gout arthritis menggunakan terapi rendam air hangat dengan garam dapur pada lansia. Studi kasus dengan mengaplikasikan Evidence Based Nursing Practice pada 3 subyek studi kasus dengan kriteria inklusi lansia yang memiliki riwayat gout arthritis, lansia dengan keluhan nyeri, melakukan kontrol serta minum obat rutin, dan subyek studi kasus yang bersedia mengikuti terapi sesuai aturan dan waktu yang telah ditentukan. Rendam air hangat dengan garam dapur dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali selama satu minggu dengan durasi 15 menit, pengukuran menggunakan intensitas skala nyeri Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) sebelum dan sesudah penerapan. Hasil studi menunjukkan adanya penurunan nilai skala nyeri sebelum dan sesudah terapi rendam air hangat dengan garam dapur. Intervensi ini dapat menjadi salah satu manajemen terapi yang dapat di aplikasikan untuk mengurangi keluhan nyeri yang dapat dilakukan secara mandiri.
Intervensi akupresur taichong acupoint untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pada usia lanjut dengan hipertensi
Authors: Shafa Helsa Adristi Fairus , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: January 2025

Lanjut usia mengalami perubahan yang terjadi secara fisiologis, salah satunya pada sistem peredaran darah dalam tubuh. Akibatnya lansia akan mengalami masalah kesehatan yaitu tekanan darah tinggi (hipertensi). Terapi akupresur taichong ocupoint dari beberapa studi menunjukkan mampu menurunkan tekanan darah. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien lansia dengan hipertensi setelah dilakukan penerapan akupresur taichong acupoint. Metode studi kasus ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif melalui asuhan keperawatan pada 2 pasien usia lanjut di keluarga. Intervensi self-medication akupresur taichong acupoint selama 3 menit dalam 6 hari berturut - turut. Pengukuran tekanan darah dilakukan dengan sphygmonanometer sebelum dan sesudah penerapan akupresur taichong acupoint. Hasil studi kasus menunjukkan rata - rata tekanan darah kedua subjek studi mengalami penurunan, penurunan tekanan darah sistole yaitu 9 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastole 4 mmHg. Akupresur taichong acupoint yang diterapkan mampu menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi.
Pengaturan siklus pencahayaan dan nesting terhadap berat badan bayi prematur
Authors: Muti'ah Ana , Mariyam Mariyam
Published: January 2025

Bayi prematur sebagian besar lahir dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Perawatan bayi prematur membutuhkan perhatian yang intensif. Perawatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan berat badan (BB). Salah satu yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan BB bayi prematur yaitu melalui intervensi pengaturan siklus pencahayaan dan pemberian nesting. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah mengevaluasi hasil penerapan siklus pencahayaan dan nesting terhadap berat badan bayi prematur. Desain studi ini menggunakan metode case report dengan multi case melalui pendekatan pemberian asuhan keperawatan. Variabel yang dievalua s i adalah berat badan bayi prematur. Subyek studi kasus ini adalah 2 bayi prematur dengan BBLR yang dirawat di ruang NRT RSUP Dr.Kariadi Semarang. Intervensi yang diberikan adalah pengaturan siklus pencahayaan dan nesting diberikan 7 hari. Hasil studi kasus ini menunjukka n kedua subyek studi mengalami masalah keperawatan resiko hipotermia. Bayi prematur yang diberikan siklus pencahayan dan nesting menunjukkan berat badan bayi meningkat. Subyek 1 menunjukkan hasil berat badan sebelum diberikan intervensi 1525 gram setelah diberikan intervensi 1705 gram, sedangkan subyek studi ke-2 menunjukkan hasil berat badan sebelum diberikan intervensi 1215 gram setelah diberikan intervensi 1571 gram. Kesimpulan Hasil penerapan studi kasus ini sama seperti penelitian sebelumnya yang menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan berat badan bayi melalui pengaturan siklus pencahayaan dan nesting.
Penerapan Intervensi Inovasi Terapi Relaksasi Otot Progresif Dengan Kombinasi Terapi Murottal Al-Qur’an Surah Ar-Rahman Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Klien Cephalgia
Authors: Putri Reta Sukma , Muflihatin Siti Khoiroh , Purnomo Slamet , Astuti Zulmah
Published: January 2025

Cephalgia adalah salah satu penyakit yang memiliki keluhan nyeri kepala atau sakit kepala yang terjadi di daerah kepala, wajah, tengkuk, hingga leher. Cephalgia memiliki dua terapi yaitu terapi farmakologis dan non farmakologis, untuk terapi non farmakologis yang dapat dilakukan pada kasus cephalgia ada dua yaitu terapi relaksasi otot progresif dan Terapi Murottal Al-Qur’an Surah Ar-Rahman. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan terapi relaksasi otot progresif dan terapi murottal Al-Qur’an Surah Ar-Rahman untuk menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada klien cephalgia. Metode yang digunakan pada studi kasus ini yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses asuhan keperawatan. Pada klien dengan diagnosa medis cephalgia yang dikelola selama 3 hari dengan pemberian intervensi inovasi terapi relaksasi otot progresif yang dikombinasi dengan terapi murottal Al-Qur’an Surah Ar-Rahman didapatkan hasil bahwa terjadi perubahan penurunan skala nyeri yang cukup signifikan saat sebelum dan sesudah intervensi.  Kesimpulan studi  berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan skala nyeri pada saat sebelum dan sesudah intervensi terapi relaksasi otot progresif yang dikombinasi dengan terapi murottal Al-Qur’an Surah Ar-Rahman pada klien cephalgia
Manajemen nyeri dengan virtual reality therapy pada pasien kanker : studi kasus
Authors: Putri Lindasari Pradita , Mustofa Akhmad
Published: January 2025

Nyeri memiliki efek negatif pada pengobatan pasien kanker, menghambat proses penyembuhan pasien, mempanjang lama rawat inap,dan berdampak  buruk  pada kualitas hidup pasien kanker. Nyeri yang terus menerus yang dirasakan oleh pasien-pasien penyakit terminal ini bisa mengurangi kualitas hidup dan fungsi fisik, meningkatkan level kelelahan dan mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari  dan  sosial. Virtual Reality (VR) menjadi terapi modalitas yang dapat digunakan sebagai upaya nonfarmakologis untuk mengurangi kebutuhan analgesik dan mananjemen nyeri pada pasien kanker. Studi kasus ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses asuhan keperawatan. Instrumen yang digunakan pada studi kasus ini adalah numerical rating scale (NRS). Penulis melakukan terapi virtual reality pada pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi maupun tidak di RSUP dr.Kariadi Semarang dengan 3 responden. Kriteria inklusi responden yaitu pasien kanker, usia >18 tahun, skor nyeri >3, penglihatan dan pendengaran normal,tidak mengalami luka atau cedera kepala dan leher, tidak sedang dalam pengaruh obat 2 jam sebelum intervensi. Pelaksanaan studi kasus virtul reality therapy dilakukan selama 3 hari. Hasil dari studi kasus ini yaitu terdapat penurunan skor nyeri pada ketiga responden selama 3 hari pasien 1 mengalami penurunan skor nyeri sebesar 4, pada pasien 2 mengalami penurunan sebesar 3, pada pasien 3 mengalami penurunan sebesar 4, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa virtual reality therapy dapat menurunkan skor nyeri  pasien karena memberikan efek distraksi dan pengalihan rasa nyeri. Intervensi pemberian virtual reality therapy pada pasien kanker dengan nyeri dapat dimasukkan dalam sistem asuhan keperawatan di rumah sakit untuk menurunkan rasa nyeri yang dialami oleh pasien-pasien kanker.
Implementasi oral hygiene untuk meningkatkan nafsu makan pasien lansia dengan hematochezia melena di rumah sakit
Authors: Wijdan Syarafina Ata , Al Jihad Much Nurkharistna , Samiasih Amin , Yanto Arief
Published: January 2025

Melena dan hematochezia merupakan gejala klinis yang disebabkan oleh pendarahan saluran pencernaan. Pendarahan ini dapat menimbulkan komplikasi lain seperti malnutrisi dan anemia. Tujuan studi kasus ini untuk menerapkan asuhan keperawatan lansia pada pasien perdarahan saluran cerna hematochezia melena dengan masalah keperawatan defisit nutrisi, dengan keluhan utama nafsu makan berkurang dan BAB berdarah hitam. Intervensi yang diberikan yaitu manajemen nutrisi meliputi identifikasi status nutrisi, oral hygiene, dan edukasi diet. Studi kasus ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan yang melibatkan tiga subjek klien lansia dengan kriteria inklusi pasien dirawat inap yang menderita Melena Hematochezia dengan indeks masa tubuh < 10% dari indeks masa tubuh ideal, skor Mini Nutrional Assesment (MNA) < 17, Hb <13.0 g/dL pasien lansia dengan masalah defisit nutrisi. Intervensi dilakukan selama 3 hari. Hasil studi kasus didapatkan implementasi manajemen nutrisi dengan mengidentifikasi status nutrisi terdapat peningkatan skor MNA dan Hb pada ketiga subjek, melakukan oral hygiene pada ketiga subjek setelah tiga hari tampak bersih area gigi dan mulut. Edukasi diet terdapat peningkatan  porsi makanan  nafsu makan dan pola makan pada ketiga subjek.  Implementasi  manajemen nutrisi dengan masalah keperawatan defisit nutrisi dapat menurunkan tingkat gangguan kebutuhan nutrisi pada lansia
Kombinasi Terapi Relaksasi Napas Dalam dan Musik Suara Alam Untuk Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia Hipertensi: Studi Kasus
Authors: Pramono Rizal Hendro , Baidhowy Arief Shofyan , Machmudah Machmudah , Yanto Arief
Published: January 2025

Hipertensi pada lansia menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Hipertensi yang tidak diatasi dengan baik bisa menyebabkan komplikasi serius seperti kerusakan pada ginjal, jantung dan otak. Penanganan hipertensi pada lansia bisa menggunakan terapi non farmakologi yaitu pemberian kombinasi terapi musik suara alam dan relaksasi napas dalam. Tujuan studi kasus ini untuk mengetahui perubahan pada tekanan darah setelah diberikan terapi kombinasi relaksasi napas dalam dan suara alam. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus dengan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses asuhan keperawatan. Subyek studi kasus ini berjumlah 3 pasien lansia di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Jakarta. Tekanan darah dievaluasi sebelum dan sesudah terapi dengan menggunakan sygmomanometer digital yang telah di kalibrasi. Hasil studi menunjukkan ada penurunan tekanan darah pada subjek studi setelah diberikan kombinasi selama 3 hari, dilakukan 1 kali sehari selama 15 menit pukul 11.00 WIB. Pasien berbaring ditempat tidur, melakukan napas dalam (pola 4-4-4 detik) sambil mendengarkan musik suara alam melalui speaker atau earphone tiap sesi mengalami penurunan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik sebesar 11,45 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik sebesar 3,89 mmHg. Kombinasi terapi relaksasi napas dalam dan musik suara alam dapat menjadi salah satu intervensi untuk menjadi tindakan mandiri yang aman untuk diberikan ke pasien oleh perawat maupun keluarga seseorang yang mengalami hipertensi.
Penerapan teknik relaksasi benson untuk mengurangi nyeri pada pasien infark miokard acut
Authors: Ali Ahmad , Soesanto Edy
Published: January 2025

Infark Miokard Acut (IMA) adalah suatu nekrosis miokardium yang diakibatkan oleh ketidak adekuatan pasokan darah akibat dari sumbatan akut pada arteri koroner. Tanda dan gejala khas yang dialami pada pasien IMA adalah nyeri dada seperti diremas-remas, ditekan, ditusuk, panas atau ditindih barang berat. Pemberian terapi farmakologi seperti oksigen, nitrogliserin dan aspirin dapat menurunkan nyeri IMA, akan tetapi ketika efek obat mulai berkurang atau hilang pasien masih merasakan nyeri, sehingga perlu terapi komplementer untuk membantu menurunkan nyeri pasien IMA. Tujuan dari penulis untuk menerapkan relaksasi benson untuk menurunkan nyeri dada pada asuhan keperawatan Infark Miokard Acut (IMA). Metode yang digunakan penulis adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan yang melibatkan 2 subjek yaitu pasien yang mengalami nyeri dada karena infark miokard akut. Intervensi di lakukan sebanyak 1 kali sehari dalam 2 hari dengan lama intervensi 30 menit. Hasil evaluasi di dapatkan, adanya penurunan nyeri dari skala 5 menjad skala 2 pada pasien 1 dan nyeri skala 5 turun menjadi skala 1 pada pasien 2. Kombinasi terapi farmakologi dengan relaksasi benson efektif terhadap penurunan skala nyeri. Saran relaksasi benson dapat di gunakan sebagai terapi komplementer dalam menurunkan nyeri pasien IMA.
THE HISTORY OF PRIMARY TEACHER TRAINING IN ROMANIA
Authors: PRODAN Gianina
Published: January 2025

One of the principles that governs education in Romania is the principle of assuming, promoting and preserving national identity and cultural values. History is an identity binding. Specific to teachers for primary education is a professional identity, conferred by common elements such as social behaviors, dominant beliefs and ideologies, elements imprinted in the professional phenotype. The paper presents a chronological analysis of the most important historical moments, political and social contexts, testimonies and legislative frameworks of the professional training of teachers in Romania. The crucial historical moments for our nation and culture are recounted, in connection with testimonies about the activity of teachers, the first teacher training courses, the first normal schools, the political and social contexts and the measures to legislate the professional training of teachers for primary education. The historical knowledge of the professional training of teachers in Romania is part of the general preparation and culture of teachers for primary education.
MARIA DORINA PAŞCA, READING THERAPY. Târgu Mureş, Ardealul Publishing House, 2022, 163 pages, ISBN 978-606-8372-73-0
Authors: KUTASI Réka
Published: January 2025

Book review
THE “WHAT FOR” / THE TELOS: THE IDEAL OF LIFE AS MAIN LANDMARK OF EDUCATION
Authors: BAZAC Ana
Published: January 2025

This paper of philosophy of education sketches the modern concept of ideal of life as main vector of construction of man, and thus, of education. It is a humanistic and Western Enlightenment concept, and for this reason the introduction deals with Kant’s substantiation of the concept of ideal as such. Then, after a note about some philosophical ideas showing the openness and differentia specifica of the ideal, the concept of ideal of life as manifestation of the concept of ideal is decomposed: following the pedagogical, thus multidisciplinary outlook of D. Bazac’s book published in 1983 about the adolescents’ ideal of life.
The ideal of life is individual, and its dialectical relations with social ideals and with educational ideals shed light on a complex in which all these types of ideal condition each other and involve equally complex relations with different social values. The role of models towards the ideal is showed, as well as the constitution of the ideal of life following a “de-idealisation” of the models: ultimately, the concretisation of the educative ideal in models concerns and strengthens the awareness of the different, divergent or convergent relations between ideals and reality. Just this capacity to mirror reality and induce the humans’ power to transform it and themselves according to the moral that underline the uniqueness of their species gives to the ideal of life the importance that only the educative process can emphasise. Thus, the ideal of life highlights the reason-to-be/telos/“what for” of the human beings as such.
FOSTERING VALUES THROUGH EDUCATION: PSYCHOLOGICAL RESOURCES AND STRATEGIES FOR A NONAGGRESSIVE UNIVERSITY ENVIRONMENT
Authors: GONŢA Iulia , VULPE Eduard-Dimitrie-Alexandru , IONIŢĂ Horia-Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Approaches to strengthening educational values, such as human dignity, equality, and respect for human rights, are increasingly common in modern pedagogy and are reflected in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for ensuring inclusive and equitable education for all. In this regard, we aimed to examine the psychological and value-based dimensions of education and behaviours manifested in interpersonal relationships, focusing on the issue of (non)aggression. We administered a questionnaire to 427 students to identify intervention models in education. The questionnaire assessed emotional and attitudinal characteristics related to experiences within the educational system, including students’ approaches to vulnerable situations and their suggestions for implementing best practices in education. To examine more deeply the psychological resources of students – such as hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism, which are essential for understanding their responses and attitudes towards nonaggression – we used the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ). The majority of participants consider aggression in educational institutions to be a significant issue that negatively affects both the victims and the community as a whole. The analysis of the questionnaire results confirmed the significative contribution of the psychological capital to the formation of a constructive educational environment, important in the development of educational values. Proposed suggestions from the participants mentioned the need for monitoring and reporting incidents, implementing an educational program for aggression prevention and an active involvement of school counsellors, parents, teachers, and authorities in preventing and combating school aggression.
EXAMINING PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS’ PERCEPTIONS OF CLASSROOM CLIMATE USING THE CLASSROOM CLIMATE QUESTIONNAIRE AND CHILDREN’S DRAWINGS
Authors: BOROZAN Doroteea-Teodora , SAFTA-ZECHERIA Leyla
Published: January 2025

Centering students’ voices in primary school settings has gained increased importance in recent years with the rise in the significance of children’s rights. Existing studies investigated students’ classroom climate perceptions via a qualitative (e.g., interviews or classroom observations) or a quantitative approach (e.g., self-reported questionnaires). However, in the case of international and national literature, a study discriminating the perspective differences produced by each approach to classroom climate is still lacking. Hence, following a mixed-method approach, our endeavour aims to fill this gap. In total, 68 fourth-grade primary school students from Romania (28 girls and 40 boys, aged 9-12 years old) answered the golden standard instrument in the field (i.e., Classroom Climate Questionnaire Primary – CCQ-P). Complementary, all the students made free-hand drawings of their classroom (i.e., the approach adopted following that of Kuzle and Gracin, 2021), which they further explained to the first author in a semi-structured interview. We noticed both similarities and differences in how the two approaches revealed different aspects of children’s perspectives on classroom climate. In general, research participants understood their classroom climate in positive terms, a point shared across methodological approaches. Moreover, task orientation seemed to be the most pronounced dimension across approaches, since related CCQ-P scores were high, and students represented themselves as paying attention and working on specific tasks. However, regarding collaboration and involvement, whereas the CCQ-P revealed relatively high levels, drawings of children collaborating or actively engaging in communication with the teachers and other students were extremely rare, and the frontal organization of the teaching process dominated the sample. The current paper can contribute to a better understanding of the integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches to classroom climate and consequentially to a more nuanced understanding of the minutiae of classroom climate in Romania and beyond.
GIS-Based Geostatistical Techniques for Sedimentation Assessment Using USV Data: Case study Tuplang Reservoir, Uzbekistan
Authors: Khasanov Khojiakbar , Bakiev Masharif
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the impact of sedimentation on the storage capacity of the Tupalang Reservoir, located in Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan, over a period of more than 30 years. Sedimentation poses a significant challenge by gradually reducing reservoir capacity, affecting water availability for irrigation, hydropower, and drinking supply. In the study, sedimentation was evaluated using GIS-based geostatistical methods using USV data in the reservoir. For the bathymetric data processing that was collected in 2023, four interpolation techniques—IDW, RBF, OK, and EBK —were applied, with RBF demonstrating the highest predictive accuracy. Results indicate a capacity loss of 28.05 million cubic meters (Mm³), or 5.65% of the total volume, primarily in the dead storage zone between 830 m and 890 m above sea level. Using bathymetric surveys conducted in 2003, 2007, 2010, and 2023, this research assesses changes in reservoir volume and identifies sedimentation patterns. The findings highlight a decline in sedimentation rates from 1.51 Mm³ per year in the early years to 0.3 Mm³ per year after 2010, attributed to effective management practices such as hydraulic washing. The study underscores the importance of proactive sediment management strategies, including dredging and sediment traps, to sustain reservoir functionality and recommends ongoing monitoring using advanced geospatial techniques
A five-year Study Using Sentinel-5P Data Observing Seasonal Dynamics and Long-term Trends of Atmospheric Pollutants
Authors: Mohamed Hossamaldeen , Hassan Abubakr , Elhag Abdelrahim
Published: January 2025

Air pollution is an escalating concern for both environmental sustainability and public health, exacerbated by urbanization and industrial growth. In Saudi Arabia, pollutants primarily from industrial activities and vehicle emissions present significant health hazards. This study utilizes data from the Sentinel-5P satellite to analyze the variations in Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂), Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂), and Particulate Matter (PM2.5) over a five-year period, from January 2019 to December 2023. The data was processed using Google Earth Engine (GEE) to produce monthly and seasonal averages, while ArcGIS Pro was used to map trends and spatial distribution. The results reveal distinct seasonal fluctuations in pollution levels, with CO peaking between March-May and July-September but showing an overall decline. NO₂ and SO₂ exhibit seasonal highs with slight upward trends, likely linked to industrial output and traffic emissions. PM2.5, the most harmful pollutant to human health, consistently surpasses World Health Organization (WHO) limits, especially during high-emission periods. These findings underscore the urgency of adopting targeted measures to mitigate pollution during critical times and safeguard public health. The seasonal spikes, particularly in industrial and densely populated regions, highlight the need for improved policies and technologies to effectively monitor and manage air quality
Multi-objective optimization of nuclear emergency shelters: balancing capacity, evacuation efficiency, and supply accessibility
Authors: Batur Maryna , Alkan Reha Metin , Karaman Himmet , Özener Haluk
Published: January 2025

Effective shelter location-allocation is critical in nuclear emergencies to ensure rapid, safe evacuation and resource access for affected populations. This study presents a multi-dimensional optimization model for shelter allocation within humanitarian logistics, balancing evacuation time, supply accessibility, and shelter capacity. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), the model optimizes trade-offs among competing objectives. The first objective minimizes evacuation time, the second ensures adequate supply access, and the third prevents shelter overcrowding. Validated through k-fold cross-validation, the model reveals spatial biases: evacuees often cluster in nearby shelters, leading to overcrowding in dense areas and underuse in others. This analysis suggests adding flexible shelters in high-density zones to enhance response efficiency. Overall, the research supports more balanced shelter allocations in nuclear emergencies, improving both immediate and long-term disaster response strategies for affected populations
Relatively elementary definability of the class of universal partial graphic semiautomata in the class of semigroups
Authors: Molchanov V. A. , Farakhutdinov R. A.
Published: January 2025

The work is devoted to the algebraic theory of structured automata. We consider semigroup automata without output signals over graphs, which are called graphic semiautomata. We study partial graphic semiautomata, each input signal of which is a partial endomorphism of the state graph. In the category of partial graphic semiautomata over the graph G = (X, ρ), special attention is paid to the semiautomaton PAtm(G) = (G, PEnd(G),⋆) with semigroup PEnd(G) of all partial endomorphisms of the graph G, since it is a universally attracting object in this category and is called a universal partial graphic semiautomaton. The main result of the work is the proof of the relatively elementary definability of the class of universal partial graphic semiautomata over nontrivial reflexive graphs in the class of semigroups, and applications of got relatively elementary definability.
About multiplicatively idempotent semirings with annihilator properties
Authors: Vechtomov E. M.
Published: January 2025

We study one class of semirings close to distributive lattices, namely: semirings with commutative idempotent multiplication, satisfying the identity x + 2xy = x. For such semirings, the equalizing properties are investigated (Theorems 7, 8, 10, Proposition 12). The results obtained can be applied to distributive lattices (Propositions 15, 16, 17). The work provides examples and explanatory notes.
Elementary embeddability with respect to Weihrauch reducibility
Authors: Bazhenov N. A. , Marchuk M. I. , Fiori-Carones M.
Published: January 2025

We study the Weihrauch complexity for problems of finding an elementary embedding (within the framework of the classical model theory). We prove that the problem of finding an elementary embedding from a prime model M into an arbitrary model N (which is elementarily equivalent to M) is strongly Weihrauch equivalent to the familiar problem lim (i.e., the problem of finding the limit of a sequence in Baire space). We show that the problem of finding an elementary embedding from an arbitrary model M into a countable saturated model N is also strongly Weihrauch equivalent to lim.
Do we need normative guidance on the design of reused structural components? On the contribution of structural and bridge engineering to solve global challenges
Authors: Knobloch Markus , Uszball Sara , Bours Anna-Lena , Bartsch Helen , Feldmann Markus
Published: January 2025

Along with the global debate on climate protection, the construction industry faces new challenges. The reduction of the environmental impacts of the construction sector plays a major role as it still consumes high amounts of resources and continues to be responsible for a high amount of industrial carbon emissions. The (i) rethink and reduce, (ii) remanufacture and retrofit, (iii) recycle, and (iv) reuse waste management hierarchy has to become a guiding framework for engineers to meet the UN’s SDGs and reduce net greenhouse gas emissions to zero by mid-century. Against the back- ground of the further increase in construction demands due to population growth, urbanization, and aging infrastructure, the objectives can only be achieved by implementing a comprehensive approach to the design of a circular eternity in the construction sector. Normative guidance can facilitate harmonized terminology, planning and legal certainty in the application of both strength- ening measures of existing structures and reclaimed components for the realization of engineering projects in compliance with adequate reliability levels. Therefore, CEN/TC 250/SC 3 aims at developing normative provisions on the (a) assessment and retrofitting of existing iron and steel structures and (b) the design of reclaimed steel components for reuse. Eurocode 3 thus further strengthens its contribution to sustainable steel construction.
Advancements in Lightweight Cold-Formed Composite Steel-Concrete Floor Systems: Recent Findings from the LWT-FLOOR Project
Authors: Lukačević Ivan , Curkovic Ivan , Rajić Andrea , Žuvelek Vlaho
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, the reuse and recycling of steel-concrete composite structures is a topic of significant interest. However, traditional systems do not provide easy dismantling possibilities making reuse and recycling not viable. Innovative projects like the LWT-FLOOR project ongoing at the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Croatia, are trying to overcome these obstacles. The LWT- FLOOR project aims to develop a novel structural floor system with a demountable shear connection. The proposed system is formed of built-up cold-formed steel beams and cast-in-place concrete slabs that are interconnected using an innovative demountable type of shear connection allowing the floor system components to be easily dismantled. This paper summarises an overview of the LWT-FLOOR project background and objectives, realised and planned activities with a summary of analytical, numerical and experimental results on the components and system capacity.
Bond behaviour of concrete with fine recycled aggregate
Authors: Carro-López Diego , Fernandez Ignasi , Berrocal Carlos G. , Eiras-López Javier
Published: January 2025

The recycled aggregate industry allows reusing old structures that need to be demolished. Once crushed, the original concrete can be reused as aggregates for new concrete. However, this recycling technique has some limitations. While coarse recycled aggregates present a more uniform quality and can be used without difficulties, fine recycled aggregates under 4 mm exhibit a high degree of absorption that prevents its use. Previous research indicates, nevertheless, that the use of this substandard material is possible, leading to acceptable quality concrete that can be applied as base quality concrete suitable for many project elements. Furthermore, this would address the issue of disposing of the fine recycled aggregate in the recycling plants.

In this research the material used was obtained after crushing beams from a recently demolished bridge (Gullspång bridge 1935). The recycled concrete was produced including incremental percentages of recycled fine aggregate: 0, 20 50 & 100%. To maintain the workability, the absorption of the aggregates was compensated by adding the necessary water and by keeping the water to cement ratio constant. The coarse fraction consisted of natural aggregate, which allowed for the isolation of the anticipated negative effects associated with the fine recycled aggregate. As such, any observed effects could be directly attributed to the lower quality of the recycled aggregate.

Moreover, samples were cast using this material to evaluate the bond strength between recycled concrete and steel rebars. The specimens were designed with a controlled active length, and plastic tubes at the ends to prevent the adhesion of the paste to the steel. Bond-slip curves were obtained from pull-out tests carried under displacement-control. The results indicate that the effect of using recycled aggregate on the bond strength appears to follow the same trend as the reduction in compressive strength. Nonetheless, the quality of the resulting concrete is sufficient for many applications.
Bond behaviour and crack development in non-metallic textile- reinforced concrete members under cyclic loading with regard to serviceability
Authors: Schmidt Christopher , Classen Martin , Hegger Josef
Published: January 2025

Non-metallic reinforcement increases the sustainability of concrete structures by facilitating a substitution of conventional reinforcing steel and allowing for a design of slender members with a reduced concrete cover or an increase in structural capacity. These advances draw attention to serviceability criteria, such as crack width limitation, which become decisive for design. To characterise the bond behaviour and the crack development under cyclic loading, experimental investigations were conducted using uniaxial tensile tests. The bond behaviour was detected with fibre optic sensors placed on the textile grids. Digital image correlation was used to determine the crack widths and openings during the loading cycles. The results provide insight in the behaviour of concrete members reinforced with a carbon textile grid in respect to the serviceability criteria of crack width limitation.
Flexural experimental assessment of ductility of SFRC beams using longitudinal reinforcing bars
Authors: Pira Jenny , Lamus Fabián , Lizarazo Juan , Luna Patricia , Reyes Juan
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, products are available to improve the performance of reinforced concrete elements, such as short fibers, which are available in different geometries and aspect ratios. However, the regulations and standards for building construction do not allow its use in elements of the seismic resistance system. Therefore, a composite material called SFRC (steel fiber reinforced concrete) is being widely used in slabs, shells, or coatings as reinforcement to replace welded wire meshes or as a control system for shrinkage and pressure cracks in tunnels. For this research, SFRC specimens were manufactured using two different steel fiber aspect ratios. Compression and tensile tests were made to evaluate the capacity of the composite matrix to dissipate energy outside the elastic range, and the complete stress-strain curve was obtained for all tested specimens.

Also, 3-m-long beams were fabricated using the concrete mixture with longitudinal (flexural) reinforcement and tested as four-point bending beams. In this case, using the deflection in the middle spam were calculated the entire bending moment vs. slope curves. As a result, the SFRC characteristic curves for normal stress (tensile and compression) as well as for bending moment were obtained. The ductility was calculated and compared with theoretical models proposed in the literature to describe the behavior of SFRC concrete in bending. Results show that the use of steel fibers in concrete mixtures increases energy dissipation and a controlled ductile failure for beams with flexural reinforcing bars without shear stirrups, being viable the possibility of including this type of reinforcement with fibers in elements with a demand for energy dissipation due to earthquakes.
Restoration of a masonry Bridge in Deba (Spain)
Authors: Leon Javier , Torrico Javier , Lorenzo Isabel , Orfeo Benedetta , Jaime Iñaki
Published: January 2025

This paper deals with the singular rehabilitation process carried out to partially rebuild a masonry bridge over the Deba River (Spain). The central pier of this built heritage suffered, on July 2018, a one-meter sudden settlement provoking a partial collapse of the adjacent vaults, leaving the structure in a precarious condition and exposing it to a global collapse. This paper provides a detailed description of the structural system, main load-bearing elements, materials and the anastylosis-based method to rebuild the collapsed vaults. All the activities were supported by a combination of ancient construction techniques obtained from old treatises on masonry bridges and actual cutting-edge technologies. This paper raises awareness about the importance of studying construction history for proper restoring the built heritage. The intervention was awarded with the Grand Prix Europa Nostra award in the category "Conservation and Adaptation to New Uses" in the 2023 call.
Utilization of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) and Upcycled Concrete Aggregate (UCA) in Civil Engineering
Authors: Phuyal Kabiraj , Mahar James , Mashal Mustafa
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to utilize Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) and Upcycled Concrete Aggregate (UCA) in civil engineering. PCC is a fine to coarse grain material generated during the production of sugar from sugar beets. UCA is produced from demolished and returned concrete by the extraction of primarily calcium and alkalinity. The test results on PCC alone show that the optimum content to achieve a minimum 28 MPa (4000 psi) compressive strength is up to 30% by weight of Portland cement. The corresponding compressive strength of mixes in which conventional aggregate was replaced by UCA is about 55 MPa (8000 psi) at water to cement ratio (0.44) by weight of Portland cement. The compressive strength of concrete with 25% to 30% cement replaced by PCC and varying amounts of aggregates replaced by UCA ranges from 19 MPa (2800 psi) to 40 MPa (5800 psi). Other tests on PCC and UCA include split tensile strength: 2 MPa (293 psi) to 3 MPa (423 psi) and flexural strength: 1 MPa (183 psi) to 2 MPa (279 psi). Furthermore, the inclusion of PCC improved the resistance of loess to saturation collapse. A significant average increase of 10% to 28% in the strength of loess samples stabilized was found with 5% PCC compared to the strength of the native soil. Chemical compositions on PCC were analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Based on the test results, the composition of PCC by weight indicates 45.9% calcium, 39.4% oxygen, and 9.2% carbon. Based on these findings, the

study suggests that utilizing PCC and UCA could potentially reduce carbon emission associated with cement or lime production while offering an opportunity to utilize these materials in civil engineering projects.
Mathematical Approach for Optimizing Material Reusability in Construction
Authors: Berisha Brikene , Wallbaum Holger
Published: January 2025

A significant amount of material from demolished buildings can be reused in the construction of new buildings. This ensures the circulation of building materials in the construction of new buildings and increases the degree of sustainability in building design. The approach in this paper is from a mathematical perspective, where the optimization problem aims to formulate which materials, with specific properties, are matched with those required for the new building design. It introduces a mathematical optimization problem to match materials with specific properties to those needed for new building designs, and using a developed genetic algorithm, the paper aims to computationally solve this problem. Tested on a theoretical dataset, the goal is to select the optimal materials for constructing new buildings while meeting design requirements.
Experimental investigations on the load-bearing capacity of tunnel segments – Evaluation of the resource efficiency of large-scale test specimens
Authors: Decker Marion , Proksch-Weilguni Clemens , Kollegger Johann
Published: January 2025

Considering the current state of climate change and the finite supply of energy and resources, it is crucial to optimize newly erected structures in order to increase the construction industry's resource efficiency. Segmental tunnel linings present a significant opportunity for this kind of initiative as the optimization of one segment affects many identical ones. Therefore, an experimental campaign on large-scale specimens was conducted to investigate the enhancement of the load transfer zone between tunnel segments.

In this paper, the performance of three test specimens is analyzed regarding the resource efficiency, whereby these are conventionally reinforced tunnel segments, segments with butt-jointed reinforcement bars and steel-fibers, respectively. The work follows on from earlier studies on cylindrical specimens, where the ultimate load was linked to the global warming potential (GWP). The results show that the resource efficiency of the specimen with butt-jointed bars outperforms the other types.
Assessment Of The Seismic Performance Of A Viaduct In Mexico City
Authors: Campos e Matos António , Botelho Carlos , Leite Ricardo , Pinto Lopes Paulo
Published: January 2025

The company GEG designed a 19km viaduct in Mexico City, whose seismic analysis during the project phase was based on linear modelling using estimated seismic spectrum for the location.

On September 19th, 2017, with a substantial part of the structure already completed, a violent earthquake with a magnitude of 7,1 on the Richter scale occurred, known as the Puebla earthquake. The viaduct’s performance was very positive, with no residual displacements reported.

Using the Puebla earthquake spectrum obtained from the monitoring conducted by Mexican authorities during such events, studies on the structural behaviour were developed based on specific reinforced concrete models. The results of these studies, derived from applying the same Puebla spectrum to simplified structural models similar to those used in the project, were compared with the values adopted in the project. This comparison enabled the establishment of a comparative judgement regarding the behaviour coefficients and seismic coefficients.