bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential evolution based radial basis function neural network model for reference evapotranspiration estimation
Authors: Majhi Babita , Naidu Diwakar
Published: January 2021

The present study is an effort to examine the capability of a differential evolution based radial basis function neural network (RBFDE) to model weekly reference evapotranspiration (ET0) as a function of climatic parameters in different agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of a moist sub-humid region in East-Central India. The ET0 computed using the empirical equation of Penman–Monteith suggested by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO56-PM) is considered as a target variable for investigation. The performance of the proposed RBFDE model is compared with particle swarm optimization based radial basis function (RBFPSO), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), multilayer artificial neural network (MLANN) models and conventional empirical equations of Hargreaves, Turc, Open-Pan, and Blaney-Criddle. Weekly ET0 estimates that are obtained using RBFDE, RBFPSO, and RBFNN and MLANN are observed to be more consistent than equivalent empirical methods. For a critical analysis of simulation results, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root means square error (RMSE), determination coefficient (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency factor (NSE) is computed. Low MAPE and RMSE values along with higher R2 and NSE close to 1, obtained with soft computing models exhibit that, soft computing models produce better estimates of ET0 than empirical methods. Among the soft computing models, RBFDE provides improved results as compared to RBFPSO, RBFNN, and MLANN models. This method can be extended for ET0 estimation in other ACZs.
Study of performance parameters and emissions of four stroke CI engine using solketal-biodiesel blends
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Kumar Shailendra , Shah Saumya , Kumar Sandeep
Published: January 2021

Evaluation of performance parameters, emission and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) were made for different blends of solketal in soybean biodiesel with 9%, 10%, 12%, 15% of solketal (volume to volume). These experiments were performed on a single-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine at different speeds and 50% load conditions. In comparison to pure diesel, it was observed that soybean biodiesel and its blends with solketal were higher BSFC. On the addition of solketal to biodiesel higher oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were reported for all the blends. total hydro carbon (THC) and carbon mono-oxide (CO) emissions were found lower for soybean biodiesel and it’s all four blends as compared to pure diesel and further decreases with the increase in solketal percentage in a blend. A decrease in CO and THC emissions were also observed with the increase in percentage of Solketal fuels. Solketel was found suitable and as an effective additive for biodiesel blends.
Luminescent and thermal properties of novel orange–red emitting MgNb2O6:Sm3+ phosphors for displays, photo catalytic and sensor applications
Authors: Basavaraju N. , Prashantha S. C. , Nagabhushana H. , Naveen Kumar A. , Chandrasekhar M. , Shashi Shekhar T. R. , Ravikumar C. R. , Anil Kumar M. R. , Surendra B. S. , Nagaswarupa H. P.
Published: January 2021

Novel Sm3+ doped columbite-type orthorhombic structured MgNb2O6 (MNO) orange-red emitting phosphors were prepared by solution combustion method using ODH as a fuel. The powder phase purity, particle morphology, size, elemental composition, luminescence properties, photocatalytic behaviors and electrochemical studies of prepared samples were studied in detail. Photoluminescence emission spectra of MNO:Sm3+ nanophosphors show all the characteristic emissions of Sm3+ cations corresponds to the transitions 4G5/2 → 6Hj/2(j=5,7,9,11) when excited at 463 nm energy. Among these the strongest emission peak was at 608 nm which corresponds to 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 transition of Sm3+ cations in the host lattice. The luminescence quenching was confirmed by the dipole–dipole interaction among Sm3+ ions. As a result of J-O analysis the branching ratio (~ 58% > 50%) show that the phosphor was highly suitable for color display devices. Photocatalytic activity of MNO:Sm3+ (5 mol%) under UV light shows 99% degradation of AR-88 dye. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) confirms the reversibility of the redox reaction, which helps in sensing the presence of paracetamol and alcohol. Thus, MNO:Sm3+ phosphors have great potential applications in display, catalytic, photonic, chemical and thermal sensor applications.
Stress level classification using statistical analysis of skin conductance signal while driving
Authors: Memar Maryam , Mokaribolhassan Amin
Published: January 2021

Conventionally, multiple physiological signals are used in the field of stress realization. Although many studies have applied various methods in feature selection and classification, a desirable performance has not yet been achieved. This paper presents a novel method of stress level classification using physiological signals during the real-world driving task. Exploring the most reliable analysis method on a comprehensive physiological signal for stress realization has been commonly investigated in various studies. To obtain a high accuracy approach, a proper classification method should be applied to the most relevant physiological signal. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) classifier learner on the single Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) signal. Three levels of stress are taken into account and two independent features including rising time and amplitude are extracted. These two features are extracted from foot and hand GSR signals in three different scenarios for the sake of training. The result indicates that the foot amplitude feature of the GSR signal solely is a reliable source of stress classification with an accuracy rate of 95.83% by applying the ANOVA approach. Accordingly, this methodology can substantially reduce the necessity of resorting to the high number of sensors and the corresponding computational burden associated with signal analysis. Besides, reducing the number of sensors during the measurement procedure would increase drivers’ safety by reducing the interference between human and measurement devices. In this study, the real data collected by Picard and his co-workers are used, available in the PHYSIONET database.
Scientific memory from the early nineties; a common project with professors late János Gergely and Anna Erdei
Authors: Falus Andras , Bajtay Zsuzsa
Published: January 2021

Based on the findings of common project 29 years ago, the Scandinavian J. of Immunology accepted and published our paper entitled by “FcγR-Dependent Regulation of the Biosynthesis of Complement C3 by Murine Macrophages: the Modulatory Effect of IL-6” (Bajtay et al. in SJI 35:195–201, 1992). In this report we attempt to review the previous results and evaluate them with our current concepts on the interaction between the actors of adaptive and innate immunity. Let us first to summarize the basic results and consequences from the paper from 1992. Abstract from 1991–1992: The effect of murine IgG isotypes (myeloma proteins) on the gene expression and secretion of the third component of complement (C3) has been studied using the in monocytoid cell line P388D1 and oil-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages. It is demonstrated that the binding of lgG2a and lgG2b but not IgGl and IgG3 isotypes augments the biosynthesis of C3 both in the presence and in the absence of the phorbol myristate acetate in the case of both cell types. The multifunctional cytokine inlerleukin-6 (IL-6) alone reveals no effect on the gene expression of C3, but facilitates the effectiveness of mouse IgG2a and IgG2b. Confirming the role of FcgRll, a strong up-regulation of gene expression and secretion of C3 was found when macrophages were co-cultured with the F(ab')2 fragment of the FcγRII-specific monoclonal antibody 2.4 G2.
Different Gene Networks are Disturbed by Zika Virus Infection in a Mouse Microcephaly Model
Authors: Chang Yafei , Jiang Yisheng , Li Cui , Wang Qin , Zhang Feng , Qin Cheng-Feng , Wu Qing-Feng , Li Jing , Xu Zhiheng
Published: January 2021

The association of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection with microcephaly has raised alarm worldwide. Their causal link has been confirmed in different animal models infected by ZIKV. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ZIKV pathogenesis are far from clear. Hence, we performed global gene expression analysis of ZIKV-infected mouse brains to unveil the biological and molecular networks underpinning microcephaly. We found significant dysregulation of the sub-networks associated with brain development, immune response, cell death, microglial cell activation, and autophagy amongst others. We provided detailed analysis of the related complicated gene networks and the links between them. Additionally, we analyzed the signaling pathways that were likely to be involved. This report provides systemic insights into not only the pathogenesis, but also a path to the development of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against ZIKV infection.
Factors predictive of an academic otolaryngologist's scholarly impact
Authors: Shires Courtney B. , Klug Theodore D. , Meacham Ryan K. , Sebelik Merry E.
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Describe the h index as a bibliometric that can be utilized to objectively evaluate scholarly impact. Identify which otolaryngology subspecialties are the most scholarly. Describe if NIH funding to one's choice of medical school, residency, or fellowship has any impact on one's scholarly output. Determine other factors predictive of an academic otolaryngologist's productivity.

Study design

Analysis of bibliometric data of academic otolaryngologists.

Methods

Active grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to otolaryngology departments were ascertained via the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Reports database. Faculty listings from these departments were gleaned from departmental websites. H index was calculated using the Scopus database.

Results

Forty‐seven otolaryngology programs were actively receiving NIH funding. There were 838 faculty members from those departments who had a mean h index of 9.61. Otology (h index 12.50) and head and neck (h index 11.96) were significantly (P < 0.0001) more scholarly than the rest of subspecialists. H index was significantly correlative (P < 0.0001) with degree of NIH funding at a given institution. H index was not significantly higher for those that attended medical school (P < 0.18), residency (P < 0.16), and fellowship (P < 0.16) at institutions with NIH funding to otolaryngology departments.

Conclusions

H index is a bibliometric that can be used to assess scholarly impact. Otology and head and neck are the most scholarly subspecialists within otolaryngology. NIH funding to an individual's medical school, residency, or fellowship of origin is not correlative with one's scholarly impact, but current institutional affiliation and choice of subspecialty are.
Integration of full-length transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics to identify benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthetic genes in Corydalis yanhusuo
Authors: Xu Dingqiao , Lin Hanfeng , Tang Yuping , Huang Lu , Xu Jian , Nian Sihui , Zhao Yucheng
Published: January 2021

Corydalis yanhusuoW.T. Wang is a classic herb that is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine and is efficacious in promoting blood circulation, enhancing energy, and relieving pain. Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are the main bioactive ingredients inCorydalis yanhusuo. However, few studies have investigated the BIA biosynthetic pathway inC. yanhusuo, and the biosynthetic pathway of species-specific chemicals such as tetrahydropalmatine remains unclear. We performed full-length transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to identify candidate genes that might be involved in BIA biosynthesis and identified a total of 101 full-length transcripts and 19 metabolites involved in the BIA biosynthetic pathway. Moreover, the contents of 19 representative BIAs inC. yanhusuowere quantified by classical targeted metabolomic approaches. Their accumulation in the tuber was consistent with the expression patterns of identified BIA biosynthetic genes in tubers and leaves, which reinforces the validity and reliability of the analyses. Full-length genes with similar expression or enrichment patterns were identified, and a complete BIA biosynthesis pathway inC. yanhusuowas constructed according to these findings. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a total of ten enzymes that may possess columbamine-O-methyltransferase activity, which is the final step for tetrahydropalmatine synthesis. Our results span the whole BIA biosynthetic pathway inC. yanhusuo. Our full-length transcriptomic data will enable further molecular cloning of enzymes and activity validation studies.
Induced defense response in red mango fruit against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Sudheeran Pradeep Kumar , Sela Noa , Carmeli-Weissberg Mira , Ovadia Rinat , Panda Sayantan , Feygenberg Oleg , Maurer Dalia , Oren-Shamir Michal , Aharoni Asaph , Alkan Noam
Published: January 2021

Mango fruit exposed to sunlight develops red skin and are more resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we show that harvested red mango fruit that was exposed to sunlight at the orchard is more resistant than green fruit toColletotrichum gloeosporioides. LCMS analysis showed high amounts of antifungal compounds, as glycosylated flavonols, glycosylated anthocyanins, and mangiferin in red vs. green mango skin, correlated with higher antioxidant and lower ROS. However, also the green side of red mango fruit that has low levels of flavonoids was resistant, indicated induced resistance. Transcriptomes of red and green fruit inoculated on their red and green sides withC. gloeosporioideswere analyzed. Overall, in red fruit skin, 2,187 genes were upregulated in response toC. gloeosporioides. On the green side of red mango, upregulation of 22 transcription factors and 33 signaling-related transcripts indicated induced resistance. The RNA-Seq analysis suggests that resistance of the whole red fruit involved upregulation of ethylene, brassinosteroid, and phenylpropanoid pathways. To conclude, red fruit resistance to fungal pathogen was related to both flavonoid toxicity and primed resistance of fruit that was exposed to light at the orchard.
Cardiotoxic effects of angiogenesis inhibitors
Authors: Dobbin Stephen J.H. , Petrie Mark C. , Myles Rachel C. , Touyz Rhian M. , Lang Ninian N.
Published: January 2021

The development of new therapies for cancer has led to dramatic improvements in survivorship. Angiogenesis inhibitors represent one such advancement, revolutionising treatment for a wide range of malignancies. However, these drugs are associated with cardiovascular toxicities which can impact optimal cancer treatment in the short-term and may lead to increased morbidity and mortality in the longer term. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFIs) are associated with hypertension, left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and heart failure as well as arterial and venous thromboembolism, QTc interval prolongation and arrhythmia. The mechanisms behind the development of VEGFI-associated LVSD and heart failure likely involve the combination of a number of myocardial insults. These include direct myocardial effects, as well as secondary toxicity via coronary or peripheral vascular damage. Cardiac toxicity may result from the ‘on-target’ effects of VEGF inhibition or ‘off-target’ effects resulting from inhibition of other tyrosine kinases. Similar mechanisms may be involved in the development of VEGFI-associated right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. Some VEGFIs can be associated with QTc interval prolongation and an increased risk of ventricular and atrial arrhythmia. Further pre-clinical and clinical studies and trials are needed to better understand the impact of VEGFI on the cardiovascular system. Once mechanisms are elucidated, therapies can be investigated in clinical trials and surveillance strategies for identifying VEGFI-associated cardiovascular complications can be developed.
Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs): a potential therapeutic target for treating Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yu Weiwei , Jin Haiqiang , Huang Yining
Published: January 2021

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is a leading global health concern for individuals and society. However, the potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AD have not yet been elucidated. Currently, the most widely acknowledged hypothesis is amyloid cascade owing to the brain characteristics of AD patients, including great quantities of extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Nevertheless, the amyloid cascade hypothesis cannot address certain pathologies that precede Aβ deposition and NFTs formation in AD, such as aberrant calcium homeostasis, abnormal lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy. Notably, these earlier pathologies are closely associated with mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), the physical structures connecting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, which mediate the communication between these two organelles. It is plausible that MAMs might be involved in a critical step in the cascade of earlier events, ultimately inducing neurodegeneration in AD. In this review, we focus on the role of MAMs in the regulation of AD pathologies and the potential molecular mechanisms related to MAM-mediated pathological changes in AD. An enhanced recognition of the preclinical pathogenesis in AD could provide new therapeutic strategies, shifting the modality from treatment to prevention.
Neuroprotective function of microglia in the developing brain
Authors: Fujita Yuki , Yamashita Toshihide
Published: January 2021

Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system and are important for immune processes. Besides their classical roles in pathological conditions, these cells also dynamically interact with neurons and influence their structure and function in physiological conditions. Recent evidence revealed their role in healthy brain homeostasis, including the regulation of neurogenesis, cell survival, and synapse maturation and elimination, especially in the developing brain. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on microglia in brain development, with a focus on their neuroprotective function. We will also discuss how microglial dysfunction may lead to the impairment of brain function, thereby contributing to disease development.
Dense spatio‐temporal stereo matching for intelligent driving systems
Authors: Kerkaou Zakaria , El Ansari Mohamed , Masmoudi Lhoussaine , Lahmyed Redouan
Published: January 2021

This paper addresses the problem of matching stereo images acquired by a stereo system mounted aboard an intelligent vehicle. The main idea behind the new method consists in involving temporal matching between a current stereo pair and its preceding one to achieve the spatial matching of the former stereo by involving the matching results obtained at the last frame. The proposed method is achieved in three main steps. First, an edge based disparity map is derived from the disparity map of the preceding frame, we call it the assisting disparity map (ADM). Second, for each scan‐line, a set of local ranges and global ranges are deduced from the ADM to keep only potential matching candidates. Third, the matching is done on the basis of dynamic programming algorithm by involving in the resulting local and global ranges we get from the last step. The proposed approach has been tested on both real and synthetic stereo sequences and the results demonstrate its effectiveness.
Image stitching method by multi‐feature constrained alignment and colour adjustment
Authors: Yuan Xingsheng , Zheng Yongbin , Zhao Wei , Su Jiongming , Wu Jianzhai
Published: January 2021

Image alignment and colour consistency are two challenging tasks for image stitching. Traditional point correspondence methods are difficult to achieve good alignments due to their insufficiency and unreliability. The results are prone to errors and distortions. On the other hand, the problem of colour inconsistency in overlapping area between image pairs is still difficult to solve, especially when the illumination difference between images is large. To solve these problems, the authors integrate point features and line features into a warping model through a designed energy function. Line features will provide geometric constraints for image stitching, and remedy the defect of point correspondences in low‐textured image stitching. A global colour consistency optimization method with colour mapping via a histogram extreme point‐matching algorithm is proposed. The colour characteristic of reference images will be transferred to the others to achieve a global colour consistency. The proposed method is evaluated on a series of images, and compared with other methods. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method provides convincing stitching results and achieves satisfied colour consistency results.
Energy aware adaptive resource management model for software‐defined networking‐based service provider networks
Authors: Çelenlioğlu Mahmud Rasih , Mantar Haci Ali
Published: January 2021

Service provider networks (SPNs) seek to implement the resource management mechanisms called load balancing and energy saving to satisfy today's networking demands. Software‐defined networking (SDN) allows SPNs to perform agile and efficient networking operations. It is still an open issue on how to implement these resource management mechanisms in SDN‐based SPNs. An energy‐aware adaptive resource management model (ERM) for SDN‐based SPNs is proposed. Load balancing aims to distribute overall network traffic volume as fairly as possible among available links. Energy‐saving aims to turn off as many network devices and links as possible. Unlike the works in the literature, our model utilises the trade‐off between load balancing and energy efficiency. To do so, the controller establishes paths among edge pairs. The controller aggregates traffic load between edge pairs to as few links as possible based on a predefined load level. Then, unused network elements switch to sleep mode. In the case of load balancing, the controller distributes traffic load among active network resources. Experimental results show that ERM can successfully increase both energy‐saving and resource utilization even under heavy traffic loads.
The UVSSA complex alleviates MYC-driven transcription stress
Authors: Sato Mai , Liebau Rowyn C. , Liu Zhaoqi , Liu Lizhi , Rabadan Raul , Gautier Jean
Published: January 2021

Cancer cells develop strong genetic dependencies, enabling survival under oncogenic stress. MYC is a key oncogene activated across most cancers, and identifying associated synthetic lethality or sickness can provide important clues about its activity and potential therapeutic strategies. On the basis of previously conducted genome-wide screenings in MCF10A cells expressing MYC fused to an estrogen receptor fragment, we identified UVSSA, a gene involved in transcription-coupled repair, whose knockdown or knockout decreased cell viability when combined with MYC expression. Synthetic sick interactions between MYC expression and UVSSA down-regulation correlated with ATM/CHK2 activation, suggesting increased genome instability. We show that the synthetic sick interaction is diminished by attenuating RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) activity; yet, it is independent of UV-induced damage repair, suggesting that UVSSA has a critical function in regulating RNAPII in the absence of exogenous DNA damage. Supporting this hypothesis, RNAPII ChIP-seq revealed that MYC-dependent increases in RNAPII promoter occupancy are reduced or abrogated by UVSSA knockdown, suggesting that UVSSA influences RNAPII dynamics during MYC-dependent transcription. Taken together, our data show that the UVSSA complex has a significant function in supporting MYC-dependent RNAPII dynamics and maintaining cell survival during MYC addiction. While the role of UVSSA in regulating RNAPII has been documented thus far only in the context of UV-induced DNA damage repair, we propose that its activity is also required to cope with transcriptional changes induced by oncogene activation.
Hamiltonian formalism of the ghost free tri(-multi)gravity theory
Authors: Molaee Zahra , Shirzad Ahmad
Published: January 2021

We study the Hamiltonian structure of tri-gravity and four-gravity in the framework of ADM decomposition of the corresponding metrics. Hence we can deduce the general structure of the constraint system of multi-gravity. We will show it is possible and consistent to assume additional constraints which provide the needed first class constraints for generating diffeomorphism as well as enough second class constraints to omit the ghosts.
Flexible capacitive pressure sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes microstructure electrodes
Authors: Chen Yucheng , Zhang Peng , Li Yuxia , Zhang Kun , Su Jinpeng , Huang Liangsong
Published: January 2021

Flexible pressure sensors have been widely used in wearable devices, medical and health, smart services and other industries. However, the fabrication of sensor with high sensitivity, large sensing range and good stability is still a vital research topic. Herein, a flexible capacitive pressure sensor based on micro-structured electrode is developed, which uses a micro-structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film embedded with a layer of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the micro-structured conductive electrode, and a smooth PDMS film as the dielectric layer. The results indicate that the sensor exhibits a strong linear pressure-capacitance relationship. The sensitivity of the sensor can reach 1.3 kPa−1 in the pressure range of 0–100 Pa by optimizing the size of the electrode microstructure. In addition, the sensor exhibits a good repeatability even after 4000 repeated pressing. In addition, we demonstrate that the pressure sensor can be applied to monitor arterial pulse waves and breathing. The sensor is assembled in the form of arrays, which can effectively detect the shape of the measured object, proving that the sensor can be applied in complicated scenarios such as service robot and wearable equipment.
Second-order dual fermion for multi-orbital systems
Authors: van Loon Erik G C P
Published: January 2021

In dynamical mean-field theory, the correlations between electrons are assumed to be purely local. The dual fermion approach provides a systematic way of adding non-local corrections to the dynamical mean-field theory starting point. Initial applications of this method were largely restricted to the single-orbital Hubbard model. Here, we present an implementation of second-order dual fermion for general multi-orbital systems and use this approach to investigate spatial correlations in SrVO3. In addition, the approach is benchmarked in several exactly solvable small systems.
Strain-induced variation of bandgap in (111) In2O3 epitaxial films grown on c-sapphire substrates by a pulsed laser deposition technique
Authors: Yadav Santosh Kumar , Arora Simran , Dhar Subhabrata
Published: January 2021

The structural and electronic properties of In2O3 epitaxial films grown on c-sapphire substrates by a pulsed laser deposition technique are studied as functions of various growth conditions. Our study shows that growth temperature, growth time, oxygen partial pressure, and post-growth cooling conditions play important roles in governing the magnitude and character of the overall change in unit cell volume (volume strain) of the lattice. It is found that biaxial strain, which is developed due to lattice and thermal expansion coefficient mismatches between the layer and the substrate, leads to overall compression of the lattice. Interestingly, a hydrostatic tensile strain is found to coexist with biaxial strain in samples, which, following growth, are cooled to room temperature at a rate much slower than the natural rate of cooling. It has been observed that the overall strain can be varied from compressive to tensile by changing the growth parameters. The study further shows a systematic variation of the bandgap (from 3.8 to 3.1 eV) with a change in the unit cell volume of these layers, demonstrating the strong influence of strain on the band structural properties of the material.
Tests and recovery under load simulations of a novel bifilar resistive SFCL having undulated shape configuration
Authors: dos Santos G , Bitencourt A , Queiroz A T , Martins F G R , Sass F , Dias D H N , Sotelo G G , Polasek A
Published: January 2021

Power systems are becoming more interconnected and complex. The distributed generation expands and spreads across the grids, reducing the distance between the load and the generation. In addition, several substations are aging after decades of operation and their equipment struggle to sustain the ever increasing fault levels. In this context, the fault current limiter (FCL) arrived as a solution to mitigate this problem. Considering the FCL devices, the resistive superconducting FCL (R-SFCL) is the most mature technology with potential to be produced in mass scale, due to its ability to quickly change its impedance during a fault current and its high current density capacity. In this paper, a novel R-SFCL topology is presented, which has an unique design that allows a compact size and the possibility of modulated assembly. These characteristics enable setups for various voltage and current levels. One advantage of this topology is the compromise between volume and high heat exchange that can reduce the recovery time under load. One bench prototype was modeled using the thermal–electrical analogy implemented in ATPDraw, tested in two different labs. Tests were performed at faults levels of 12 kA

peak

, 5 kA

rms

and 2.7 kA

rms

for 137 V. Measured and simulated results were compared, resulting in a relative error of less than 12%. Two contributions can be highlighted: the new design of the R-SFCL and the inclusion in the convection heat exchange model curves for the heating (during the quench) and cooling (after fault), which allows to predict the recovery under load.
Experimental and numerical studies on current distribution in stacks of HTS tapes for cable-in-conduit-conductors
Authors: De Marzi Gianluca , Celentano Giuseppe , Augieri Andrea , Marchetti Marcello , Vannozzi Angelo
Published: January 2021

Cable-in-conduit conductors comprised of twisted stacks of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes constitute a very promising technology by virtue of their easy manufacturing process, flexibility capabilities, and high current densities. In a cable, the current distribution among tapes is one of the key parameters affecting the cable performances. The distribution of current is affected mainly by the self-field configuration (ultimately related to the cable layout) and the termination resistances. In this paper we present a 2D finite element (FE) model, based on the T-A formulation, which computes the magnetic field and current distribution in stacked tapes. This model has been used to describe the experimental V–I results obtained in cables in which different current distributions among tapes are expected. The first case refers to V–I curves of stacks of HTS tapes inserted into ducts formed in the extruded aluminium cylindrical core for a straight cable. The excellent agreement between the experimental findings and the simulation results can be explained in terms of uniform current distribution within the tapes stack, up to the superconducting to normal transition. The second sample, an Al-slotted core Cable-In-Conduit-Conductor, has been bent down to a radius of 0.15 m, and from the measured V–I characteristic of each individual tape, a different tape degradation depending on the tape position within the stack was recorded. The model is able to reconstruct the V–I of the stacks from the characteristic curves of the individual tapes with a satisfactory agreement. The finite element analysis reveals non-uniform current distribution among the tapes, which could expose the cable to a potentially irreversible damage during operation. The proposed FE model constitutes a useful tool for the analysis and predictions of HTS CIC conductor performances and represents a suitable basis for the implementation of more complex models aimed at the design of specific and large applications of this conductor in the next future.
Sub-nanosecond gain-switched Ytterbium-doped fiber laser pumped by 1030 nm dissipative soliton resonance mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Aghayari Ebrahim , Jamshidi-Ghaleh Kazem , Karimi Mohammad
Published: January 2021

In this work we report on a tandem pumped gain-switched Yb-doped fiber laser. We used an amplified dissipative soliton resonance mode-locked fiber laser with the wavelength of 1030 nm as a source of high repetition rate pulsed pump, incorporated with a CW diode laser at the wavelength of 976 nm in hybrid pump scheme. Sub-nanosecond narrow line-width gain-switched pulses with peak power of 10 kW at 1064 nm have been achieved. The line-width of the gain-switched laser is less than 0.06 nm and the repetition rate is 683 kHz.
Collective stochastic resonance behaviors of two coupled harmonic oscillators driven by dichotomous fluctuating frequency*
Authors: Jiang Lei , Lai Li , Yu Tao , Luo Maokang
Published: January 2021

The collective behaviors of two coupled harmonic oscillators with dichotomous fluctuating frequency are investigated, including stability, synchronization, and stochastic resonance (SR). First, the synchronization condition of the system is obtained. When this condition is satisfied, the mean-field behavior is consistent with any single particle behavior in the system. On this basis, the stability condition and the exact steady-state solution of the system are derived. Comparative analysis shows that, the stability condition is stronger than the synchronization condition, that is to say, when the stability condition is satisfied, the system is both synchronous and stable. Simulation analysis indicates that increasing the coupling strength will reduce the synchronization time. In weak coupling region, there is an optimal coupling strength that maximizes the output amplitude gain (OAG), thus the coupling-induced SR behavior occurs. In strong coupling region, the two particles are bounded as a whole, so that the coupling effect gradually disappears.
Bias-controlled spin memory and spin injector scheme in the tunneling junction with a single-molecule magnet*
Authors: Zhang Zheng-Zhong , Liu Hao
Published: January 2021

A bias-controlled spin-filter and spin memory is theoretically proposed, which consists of the junction with a single-molecule magnet sandwiched between the nonmagnetic and ferromagnetic (FM) leads. By applying different voltage pulses V
write across the junction, the spin direction of the single-molecule magnet can be controlled to be parallel or anti-parallel to the magnetization of the FM lead, and the spin direction of SMM can be “read out” either by the magneto-resistance or by the spin current with another series of small voltage pulses V
probe. It is shown that the polarization of the spin current is extremely high (up to 100%) and can be manipulated by the full-electric manner. This device scheme can be compatible with current technologies and has potential applications in high-density memory devices.
Reconstruction and interpretation of photon Doppler velocimetry spectrum for ejecta particles from shock-loaded sample in vacuum*
Authors: Shi Xiao-Feng , Ma Dong-Jun , Dang Song-lin , Ma Zong-Qiang , Sun Hai-Quan , He An-Min , Wang Pei
Published: January 2021

The photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) spectrum is investigated in an attempt to reveal the particle parameters of ejecta from shock-loaded samples in a vacuum. A GPU-accelerated Monte–Carlo algorithm, which considers the multiple-scattering effects of light, is applied to reconstruct the light field of the ejecta and simulate the corresponding PDV spectrum. The influence of the velocity profile, total area mass, and particle size of the ejecta on the simulated spectra is discussed qualitatively. To facilitate a quantitative discussion, a novel theoretical optical model is proposed in which the single-scattering assumption is applied. With this model, the relationships between the particle parameters of ejecta and the peak information of the PDV spectrum are derived, enabling direct extraction of the particle parameters from the PDV spectrum. The values of the ejecta parameters estimated from the experimental spectrum are in good agreement with those measured by a piezoelectric probe.
Complex network perspective on modelling chaotic systems via machine learning*
Authors: Weng Tong-Feng , Cao Xin-Xin , Yang Hui-Jie
Published: January 2021

Recent advances have demonstrated that a machine learning technique known as “reservoir computing” is a significantly effective method for modelling chaotic systems. Going beyond short-term prediction, we show that long-term behaviors of an observed chaotic system are also preserved in the trained reservoir system by virtue of network measurements. Specifically, we find that a broad range of network statistics induced from the trained reservoir system is nearly identical with that of a learned chaotic system of interest. Moreover, we show that network measurements of the trained reservoir system are sensitive to distinct dynamics and can in turn detect the dynamical transitions in complex systems. Our findings further support that rather than dynamical equations, reservoir computing approach in fact provides an alternative way for modelling chaotic systems.
Graphene-tuned threshold gain to achieve optical pulling force on microparticle*
Authors: Chen Hong-Li , Huang Yang
Published: January 2021

We investigate optical force on a graphene-coated gain microparticle by adopting the Maxwell’s stress tensor method. It is found that there exists a threshold gain in obtaining the Fano-profile optical force which indicates the reversal of optical pushing and pulling force. And giant pushing/pulling force can be achieved if the gain value of the material is in the proximity of the threshold gain. Our results show that the threshold gain is more sensitive to the relaxation time than to the Fermi energy of the graphene. We further study the optical force on larger microparticle to demonstrate the pulling force occurring at octupole resonance with small gain value and then it will appear at quadrupole resonance by increasing gain value. Our work provides an in-depth insight into the interaction between light and gain material and gives the additional degree of freedom to optical manipulation of microparticle.
Toponymic information system for description and classification of ethno-informatics of “kampung” naming in the East Priangan of West Java
Authors: Sudrajat R , Setiana D , Rejito J , Pradana A , Suryana I , Suryani M , Zakaria M M , Permana F C , Ruchjana B N , Abdullah A S
Published: January 2021

The toponymy of naming places in social culture in certain places can describe the characteristics of the society in the past, therefore it is interesting to study how the ancestors of the society culture named their place. This research describes and classifies the naming based on the word structure, including prefixes, syllables it contains, and the complete word in the naming of a “kampung” which is covered in village, describing and classifying the meaning of the naming of the “kampung” based on particular categories, mapping the naming of the “kampung” on the map of the location, as well as developing the study location of the composition of the intersection of sets by taking the sample of “kampung” naming database in districts in East Priangan areas of West Java. The system development method used in this research is the waterfall software development method. Waterfall is a systematic classical model employed in developing software. The stages of Waterfall consists of Communication (Project Initiation & Requirements Gathering), Planning (Estimating, Scheduling, tracking), Modelling (Analysis Design), Construction (Coding and System Test), Deployment (Delivery, support, feedback), and Maintenance. The result of the study showed that 8,75% of the “kampung” names mostly start with the prefix “Ci”, “Pa”, “Su” with 8,75%, 9,62%, and 5,12% respectively. The syllable mostly contains the meaning of nature, place, feeling, and communication. The meaning of “kampung” naming represents the character of the society, which becomes the guidance for them in living their daily life: loving the nature and the environment, religious spirit, artistic soul, being hard worker, respecting the ancestors, soft feeling, and loving communicating. The result of the intersection of sets of the “kampung” names can help the researchers to determine the destination of the study location under the study, while the set composition describes the taking of each set composition which has the different number of the intersection of set members. The visualization of village naming makes the reading of “kampung” naming at each location of the research easy, both for the similarity and the typical nature of each area under the study.
The effectiveness of communication and online language disruption during the era of pandemic covid-19 in senior high school students in implementation of learning cycle 7e
Authors: Darihastining S , Utomo E S , Chalimah
Published: January 2021

OECD in Paris reveals the result of Programme for International Assessment (PISA) 2018 that the ability of students’ literacy is 371 out of 487, which means that there are 30% of Indonesian students who have minimum ability of reading. The things that have relation to students’ ability in reading are communication and language disruption. During pandemic of COVID-19, learning activity is conducted by using online, in which there are some obstacles and problems in showing the material through visual and audio that create miscommunication among the teachers and the students. In this case, learning cycle 7E is one of learning that is centred in students by emphasizing on the effectiveness of communication and language disruption. The phases of learning cycle 7E are: Elicit, Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate, and Extend. This research is conducted by using descriptive qualitative. 32 students of SMA IT Misykat Al Anwar are purposively chosen as the research subject. The research instruments involved are observation, teaching scenario, and interview. It is analysed by using data reduction, data analysis, and conclusion. The result of this research that is conducted in 4 meetings reveals that the students can communicate systematically in language structure implication and the level of language content legibility are fulfilled, moreover, students’ verbal communication can expose the students’ schemata which can less its miscommunication, other than that, students’ language disruption during the implementation of Learning Cycle 7E shows that the students are more innovative in expressing the language content in implementing the digital technology, therefore, it is way more efficient and good result. Therefore, it is needed to apply the Learning Cycle 7E in the era of pandemic Covid-19 and answers the challenge of industry 4.0 Era
The implementation of tpack framework in mathematics mobile edugame design: basic multiplication and division concept
Authors: Rahayu Y , Ahmad H A , Alamsyah I M
Published: January 2021

Mobile edugames were popular and has grown rapidly due to their ease of access, affordability, and interactivity. There have been numerous arithmetic related mobile edugames developed and available online. However, there are not so many mathematics mobile edugames existed which emphasize the basic concepts in accordance with Indonesia available curriculum and optimalize specific learning methods that suitable for targeted learner have been developed, particularly in basic division and multiplication materials. Through this study, the design of mathematics mobile edugame about basic division and multiplication with repetitive addition and subtraction concept will be discussed using TPACK framework that generates design recommendation and its application in mathematics mobile edugame with discovery-based learning model as an outcome. It uses specific TPACK plot from PCK to TPACK. The result shows in optimization used of technology in mathematics mobile edugame design user cognitive psychology development, gameplay and applied learning method are the most important aspect that then generates an adventure-puzzle mathematics mobile edugame which utilizes storytelling as final result.
The development of inner product spaces and its generalization: a survey
Authors: Sylviani S , Garminia H
Published: January 2021

An inner product space is a vector space with an additional structure called the inner product. This additional structure associates each vector pair in space with a scalar quantity known as the product. This paper will discuss a survey related to the development of the inner product space and its generalization. These generalization include semi-inner product space, sesquillinear space, indefinite inner product space, and bilinear space.
On application of differential transformation method to solve host-vector-predator system
Authors: Suryaningrat W , Anggriani N , Supriatna A K
Published: January 2021

The mathematical model has been used to understand many phenomena and natural interactions. Since including many variables and parameters, the complex models are not easy to find analytical solutions. The Differential Transformation Method (DTM) is an alternative numerical method used to solve a system of differential equations. In this paper, we develop the DTM for the Host-Vector-Predator model. The models consist of systems of differential equations describing the plant disease spread taking into account the biological agent as a predator for the vector. To illustrate the capability of the methods, some simulations with different parameters have been constructed. Numerical comparison showed good agreement with Runge-Kutta Method. These results show that the technique introduced here is accurate and easy to apply.
The effect of social inequality on the growth of COVID-19 death case
Authors: Fahira S T , Cahyono E C , Farida Haryanto S A N , Anggriani N
Published: January 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 has become a pandemic on March 11 2020, and counted as a dangerous disease including in Indonesia since it is causing immune drop after an infection that could emerge other diseases. Therefore, many people, both poor or wealthy, are worried. We formulate a modified Susceptible Infected Recovered compartmental model (SIR), where the Infected compartment could be dead because of the disease. Assuming that the poor have less access to excellent health facilities, this population is more likely to have more diseases that can recur after being infected with COVID-19. From pandemic history, life expectancy and death rates are disproportionate between the wealthiest and most deprived populations. It is based on previous pandemic cases that the life expectancy and death rates between the wealthy and poor communities are excessive. We show the effect of social inequality on the growth of the COVID-19 death case using the SIR model for the COVID-19 outbreak considering that the reinfection of COVID-19 could happen in some cases knowing that immune could be waning between people that got recovered from the virus. By numerical calculations and illustrating it in the graph, the results show that cases with high social inequality tend to have higher death rates and cases with low social inequality levels tend to have lower death rates. Thus, social inequality could affect the death rate caused by COVID-19 cases.