bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What the Hands Reveal about the Brain
Authors: Poizner Howard , Klima Edward , Bellugi Ursula
Published: August 2019

What the Hands Reveal About the Brain provides dramatic evidence that language is not limited to hearing and speech, that there are primary linguistic systems passed down from one generation of deaf people to the next, which have been forged into antonomous languages and are not derived front spoken languages.
Semblance and Event
Authors: Massumi Brian
Published: August 2019

An investigation of the “occurrent arts” through the concepts of the “semblance” and “lived abstraction.”

Events are always passing; to experience an event is to experience the passing. But how do we perceive an experience that encompasses the just-was and the is-about-to-be as much as what is actually present? In Semblance and Event, Brian Massumi, drawing on the work of William James, Alfred North Whitehead, Gilles Deleuze, and others, develops the concept of “semblance” as a way to approach this question.

It is, he argues, a question of abstraction, not as the opposite of the concrete but as a dimension of it: “lived abstraction.” A semblance is a lived abstraction. Massumi uses the category of the semblance to investigate practices of art that are relational and event-oriented—variously known as interactive art, ephemeral art, performance art, art intervention—which he refers to collectively as the “occurrent arts.” Each art practice invents its own kinds of relational events of lived abstraction, to produce a signature species of semblance. The artwork's relational engagement, Massumi continues, gives it a political valence just as necessary and immediate as the aesthetic dimension.
We Used to Wait
Authors: Kinskey Rebecca
Published: August 2019

An investigation of music videos as a form, a practice, and a literacy.

Music videos were once something broadcast by MTV and received on our TV screens. Today, music videos are searched for, downloaded, and viewed on our computer screens—or produced in our living rooms and uploaded to social media. In We Used to Wait, Rebecca Kinskey examines this shift. She investigates music video as a form, originally a product created by professionals to be consumed by nonprofessionals; as a practice, increasingly taken up by amateurs; and as a literacy, to be experimented with and mastered.

Kinskey offers a short history of the music video as a communicative, cultural form, describing the rise and fall of MTV's Total Request Live and the music video's resurgence on YouTube. She examines recent shifts in viewing and production practice, tracing the trajectory of music video director Hiro Murai from film student and dedicated amateur in the 1990s to music video professional in the 2000s. Investigating music video as a literacy, she looks at OMG! Cameras Everywhere, a nonprofit filmmaking summer camp run by a group of young music video directors. The OMG! campers and counselors provide a case study in how cultural producers across several generations have blurred the line between professional and amateur. Their everyday practices remake the notion of literacy, not only by their collaborative and often informal efforts to impart and achieve literacy but also by expanding the definition of what is considered a valuable activity, worthy of dedicated, pleasurable pursuit.
The adhesion-GPCR BAI1 shapes dendritic arbors via Bcr-mediated RhoA activation causing late growth arrest
Authors: Duman Joseph G , Mulherkar Shalaka , Tu Yen-Kuei , Erikson Kelly C , Tzeng Christopher P , Mavratsas Vasilis C , Ho Tammy Szu-Yu , Tolias Kimberley F
Published: August 2019

Dendritic arbor architecture profoundly impacts neuronal connectivity and function, and aberrant dendritic morphology characterizes neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we identify the adhesion-GPCR BAI1 as an important regulator of dendritic arborization. BAI1 loss from mouse or rat hippocampal neurons causes dendritic hypertrophy, whereas BAI1 overexpression precipitates dendrite retraction. These defects specifically manifest as dendrites transition from growth to stability. BAI1-mediated growth arrest is independent of its Rac1-dependent synaptogenic function. Instead, BAI1 couples to the small GTPase RhoA, driving late RhoA activation in dendrites coincident with growth arrest. BAI1 loss lowers RhoA activation and uncouples it from dendrite dynamics, causing overgrowth. None of BAI1’s known downstream effectors mediates BAI1-dependent growth arrest. Rather, BAI1 associates with the Rho-GTPase regulatory protein Bcr late in development and stimulates its cryptic RhoA-GEF activity, which functions together with its Rac1-GAP activity to terminate arborization. Our results reveal a late-acting signaling pathway mediating a key transition in dendrite development.
Tribe reassessment of the subhimalayan leafhopper genus Pseudosubhimalus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) based on molecular phylogeny
Authors: Niranjana GN , Meshram Naresh M. , Shashank Pathour R. , Stuti  , Hashmi Tahseen Raza
Published: August 2019

The phylogeny of the Pseudosubhimalus were investigated using of two different data sets, including 91 taxa and 3853 aligned nucleotide positions from the histone H3, 28S rDNA (D2 & D9–10 region). The results suggest the placement of genus in the tribe Ciacadulini, as it was clustered with Cicadulini genera. Relationships between genera of the Cicadulini were strongly supported and leads placement to tribe Cicadulini from Athysanini. Along with this, genus Pseudosubhimalus Ghauri is revised, and P. trilobatus sp. nov. (Himachal Pradesh: Katrain) is added, described from Indian subcontinent and deposited to National Pusa Collection, IARI, New Delhi, with repository number RRS1.
An Ultrarobust Composite Gel Electrolyte Stabilizing Ion Deposition for Long‐Life Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ding Chenfeng , Fu Xuewei , Li Hao , Yang Jiayi , Lan Jin‐Le , Yu Yunhua , Zhong Wei‐Hong , Yang Xiaoping
Published: August 2019

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) possessing ultrahigh energy density are promising next‐generation battery systems, but the short cycle life and safety concerns caused by the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites impede their broad applications. Herein, to address these issues, an ultrarobust composite gel electrolyte (CGE) that can effectively stabilize ion deposition for LMBs is designed via fabricating a specially structured aerogel as the matrix. The gel electrolyte matrix with a 3D interconnected highly porous structures and good affinity with liquid electrolytes is fabricated via compositing bacterial cellulose (BC) and Li0.33La0.557TiO3 nanowires (LLTO NWs) into an aerogel. The composite aerogel matrix demonstrates excellent wettability and liquid electrolyte uptake (586 ± 5%), and the resulting CGE presents exceptional Young's modulus of 1.15 GPa and an extremely high lithium‐ion transference number of 0.88. More significantly, the synergistic effect from the robust BC skeleton and LLTO NWs enabling stable ion deposition effectively suppresses the growth of lithium dendrites. Armed with the CGE, ultrastable symmetric Li/Li cells demonstrate a long cycle life of 1200 h and highly stable performance even at a high current density of 5 mA cm−2. Furthermore, half cells with the CGE exhibit remarkable enhancement in capacity, cycling stability, and rate performance.
Latticework Nanostructure by Chemical Function Transfer and Molecular Shape Amplification of Programmed Reactive Mesogens
Authors: Choi Yu‐Jin , Lee Yumin , Bang Geukcheon , Jeong Jinyoung , Kim Namil , Lee Ji‐Hoon , Jeong Kwang‐Un
Published: August 2019

By controlling the hierarchical superstructures by chemical function transfer and shape amplification of molecular building blocks, advanced materials with the desired properties can be developed. To realize this concept, a latticework nanostructure is constructed for a single‐layered negative dispersion (ND) retarder by the newly synthesized hydrogen‐donating HBP host reactive mesogen (RM) and the hydrogen‐accepting X2RM guest RM mixture. The latticework nanostructures forming the single‐layered thin film are self‐assembled where conjugated backbones of X2RM are aligned parallel to the smectic layer of HBP. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding and shape amplifications between HBP and X2RM with the help of the photoisomerization of X2RM lead to the latticework nanostructure. The newly developed single‐layered thin film exhibits ND retardation closed to the ideal value, which is applied to the flexible antireflective film. This research demonstrates that chemical function transfer and shape amplification of programmed molecules allow us to fabricate optical films with the desired properties on a macroscopic length scale.
Photonic Memristor for Future Computing: A Perspective
Authors: Mao Jing‐Yu , Zhou Li , Zhu Xiaojian , Zhou Ye , Han Su‐Ting
Published: August 2019

Photonic computing and neuromorphic computing could address the inherent limitations of traditional von Neumann architecture and gradually invalidate Moore's law. As photonics applications are capable of storing and processing data in an optical manner with unprecedented bandwidth and high speed, two‐terminal photonic memristors with a remote optical control of resistive switching behaviors at defined wavelengths ensure the benefit of on‐chip integration, low power consumption, multilevel data storage, and a large variation margin, suggesting promising advantages for both photonic and neuromorphic computing. Herein, the development of photonic memristors is reviewed, as well as their application in photonic computing and emulation on optogenetics‐modulated artificial synapses. Different photoactive materials acting as both photosensing and storage media are discussed in terms of their optical‐tunable memory behaviors and underlying resistive switching mechanism with consideration of photogating and photovoltaic effects. Moreover, light‐involved logic operations, system‐level integration, and light‐controlled artificial synaptic memristors along with improved learning tasks performance are presented. Furthermore, the challenges in the field are discussed, such as the lack of a comprehensive understanding of microscopic mechanisms under light illumination and a general constraint of inferior near‐infrared (NIR) sensitivity.
Temperature‐Responsive Polymer Wave Plates as Tunable Polarization Converters
Authors: Kragt Augustinus J. J. , van Gessel Iris P. M. , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. , Broer Dirk J.
Published: August 2019

A temperature‐responsive polarization converter, which reversibly changes from a full‐wave to a half‐wave plate upon heating, is developed. The polymer wave plate has a controlled thickness and is based on a uniaxial aligned nematic semi‐interpenetrating network coating containing a specific concentration of a non‐crosslinked liquid crystal elastomer. Upon heating, the effective birefringence of the wave plate halves without changing the thickness. The function of the wave plate is demonstrated by sandwiching the tunable polarization converter between two identical right‐handed circular polarized light reflective films with a wavelength around 770 nm. At low temperatures, this optical device reflects 50% of light at 770 nm, whereas at elevated temperature 81% is reflected. Such temperature‐responsive optical devices have potential applications for both aesthetic purposes as well as energy saving windows.
An On‐Chip Quad‐Wavelength Pyroelectric Sensor for Spectroscopic Infrared Sensing
Authors: Dao Thang Duy , Ishii Satoshi , Doan Anh Tung , Wada Yoshiki , Ohi Akihiko , Nabatame Toshihide , Nagao Tadaaki
Published: August 2019

Merging photonic structures and optoelectronic sensors into a single chip may yield a sensor‐on‐chip spectroscopic device that can measure the spectrum of matter. In this work, an on‐chip concurrent multiwavelength infrared (IR) sensor, which consists of a set of narrowband wavelength‐selective plasmonic perfect absorbers combined with pyroelectric sensors, where the response of each pyroelectric sensor is boosted only at the resonance of the nanostructured absorber, is proposed and realized. The proposed absorber, which is based on Wood's anomaly absorption from a 2D plasmonic square lattice, shows a narrowband polarization‐independent resonance (quality factor – Q of 73) with a nearly perfect absorptivity as high as 0.99 at normal incidence. The fabricated quad‐wavelength IR sensors exhibit four different narrowband spectral responses at normal incidence following the predesigned resonances in the mid‐wavelength infrared region that corresponds to the atmospheric window. The device can be applied for practical spectroscopic applications such as nondispersive IR sensors, IR chemical imaging devices, pyrometers, and spectroscopic thermography imaging.
Radiofrequency ablation of turbinates after septoplasty has no effect on allergic rhinitis symptoms other than nasal obstruction
Authors: Kang Taegu , Sung Chung Man , Yang Hyung Chae
Published: August 2019

Background

In this study we evaluated the effects of inferior turbinate radiofrequency ablation (RFA), performed after septoplasty, on patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms.

Methods

This was a prospective, randomized, controlled study involving 60 patients with both a deviated nasal septum (DNS) and AR. Those who underwent septoplasty/sham surgery constituted the Septo‐Sham group and those who underwent septoplasty/RFA formed the Septo‐RFA group. Demographic factors, pre‐ and postoperative symptom scores for allergic rhinitis (SFARs), and Nasal Obstruction and Septoplasty Effectiveness Scale (NOSE) scores were calculated. We subdivided the total SFAR (tSFAR) scores into scores for nasal obstruction (SFAR‐NO) and scores for symptoms other than nasal obstruction (SFAR‐SONO); the latter included rhinorrhea, itching, and sneezing.

Results

The baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. The 2 types of surgery improved both the NOSE and SFAR scores. In subgroup analysis according to the type of symptoms, both types of surgery showed improvement in SFAR‐NO and SFAR‐SONO scores. However, the extent of improvement did not differ between the groups, regardless of the type of symptoms.

Conclusion

For patients with both DNS and AR, both types of surgery afford postoperative symptomatic improvement. Both types of surgery yielded improvement in both nasal obstruction and symptoms other than nasal obstruction. However, performing RFA after septoplasty did not afford further short‐term symptomatic improvements. Thus, septoplasty without RFA may be optimal for patients with both DNS and AR.
Unveiling the Neutral Forms of Glutamine
Authors: León Iker , Alonso Elena R. , Mata Santiago , Cabezas Carlos , Alonso Jose Luis
Published: August 2019

Neutral glutamine has been evaporated by laser ablation of its solid sample to seed a rare gas carrier prior to a supersonic expansion and proved by Fourier transform microwave techniques. We report on three distinct neutral conformers that show a singular non‐interacting and flexible amide sidechain in contrast with the other proteinogenic aliphatic amino acids. It could explain the essential biological role of glutamine as a nitrogen source, and its unique ability to form a variety of hydrogen bonds with peptide backbones. Common computational methods fail to predict the delicate balance of intramolecular interactions controlling the geometry of the most stable conformer. The spectroscopic data here reported can be used to benchmark novel computational methods in quantum chemistry.
Q‐mode regression analysis applied to predict the antidotal action of bispyridinium oximes in intoxications with organophosphorus poisons
Authors: Mager Peter P.
Published: August 2019

There are some serious pitfalls if the usual multiple and multivariate regression analysis are applied to correlate the biological activity of compounds against parameters describing the chemical molecule structure if the observations consist of an inhomogeneous data set. By contrast to the more known methods of cluster analysis, it must be required that a partition into homogeneous groups is possible and, in addition, that the members inside any group are normally distributed. The principle of the Q‐mode regression analysis dealing with that problem is exemplified on the antidotal action of bispyridinium oximes in intoxication with organophosphorus poisons (soman, tabun, sarin, VX).
The Use of the Gompertz Function in the Treatment of – Quantal Response Data
Authors: Vieira S. , Hoffmann R.
Published: August 2019

In this paper it is shown that the Gompertz function can be used in the treatment of quantal response data. It is argued that the fitting of this function is particularly indicated when the ordinate of the inflection point is smaller than 0.5. An example where the Gompertz function leads to the best fitting is provided.
Modelling Annual Numbers of Bird Territories on Farmland Plots
Authors: North Ph. M.
Published: August 2019

The Common Birds Census of the British Trust for Ornithology provides extensive data from which it is possible to attempt to explain some aspects of the population dynamics of common bird species. Such data are examined here. A consistent, striking feature of the data is noted when a second order model is fitted to estimated numbers of territory‐holding birds in successive years. Alternative approaches to explaining the observed nature of the data are presented, including the development of simple birth‐death‐maturation (‐immigration) models.
Mathematical Formulations for the Height/Weight Tables of U.K. Children after Tanner, Whitehouse and Takaishi
Authors: Sager G.
Published: August 2019

Models of human height and weight growth and their interrelations are applied to the height/weight tables for British children given by Tanner, Whitehouse and Takaishi (1966) in two elaborate papers. Approximations using nonlinear regressions yield very satisfying results for height/age and log weight/height relations as well as the velocities of height and weight. Graphs with the basic data and the approximated growth curves are added.
Approximating Exact Probabilities by χ2 and Continuity‐Corrected χ2 in 2×2 Tables
Authors: Berres M.
Published: August 2019

Computations have been performed to find an adequate definition of exact two‐sided probabilities in 2times2 contingency tables. It turns out, that both uncorrected χ2 and Yates' correction for continuity give only unsatisfactory approximations to the exact probabilities of the hypergeometric distribution. The latter are therefore recommended for general use.
Almost‐one Parameter Hypothesis of Individuality in Height Growth
Authors: Masuyama M.
Published: August 2019

Thus far an individual height growth curve hij(t) of the i‐th person in the j‐th period, t being his (or her) age, has been studied as a function of t associated with its velocity curve. In this note we introduce a natural scale X(t) in place of t, which linearizes this personal curve and facilitates its analysis, in the sense that this equation of growth contains apparently two personal parameters for one period but one of them plays an essential role. The effectiveness of this approach will be seen in four figures.
On the Performance of Some Classification Rules for Qualitative Data for Simulated Underlying Distributions
Authors: Trampisch H. J.
Published: August 2019

Two linear functions for discriminating with qualitative variables (Fisher's linear discriminant function and the independence rule) are compared with the general multinomial procedure, a rule based on Lancaster's definition of higher order interactions and the quadratic discriminant function. The evaluation of these functions is carried out within Monte Carlo experiments. Various types of underlying distributions generated by a special algorithm are used.
A Deterministic Approximation to the Number of Mutants in Growing Clones
Authors: Campione‐Piccardo J.
Published: August 2019

The use of an approximation to the median of the Poisson distribution to represent each occurrence of mutations in a growing clone permits the prediction of the number of mutants per clone without the limitations imposed by more heuristic expressions. Its application to the evaluation of mutation rates yields results comparable to those obtained by fluctuation analysis.
“She was on my side, and grounded me when I needed it:” Research supervision in the field of therapy, based on counsellors’ and psychotherapists’ views on their engagement with research
Authors: Bager Charleson Sofie
Published: August 2019

Research‐supported practice is increasingly emphasised within counselling and psychotherapy at all stages of training. Guided by an interest in how to support therapists in their efforts to develop research knowledge during doctoral training, this paper focuses on research supervision. Research supervision is a surprisingly under‐researched area. Little is known to date about how supervisors “go about their supervision” (Bruce & Stoodley, 2013, p. 5), despite the fact that “high failure rates for research dissertations in the social sciences have been partly attributed to student dissatisfaction with supervision and poor student–supervisor relationships” (Armstrong, 2004, p. 134). Between 2016 and 2019, we explored accredited counsellors' and 'psychotherapists engagement with research during or after their doctoral training. This paper explores research supervision with these two previous studies serving as the backdrop (Bager‐Charleson et al., 2018; Bager‐Charleson et al., 2018b), together with a literature review into research supervision within social sciences and psychotherapy. Supervision is discussed as a crucial coping/support strategy to (a) link research with practice in therapy work, practically and epistemologically; (b) contain and make sense of the use of transformative learning; (c) balance “enculturation” with critical thinking and emancipation; and (d) support reflective and reflexive development. This paper discusses an adaptive research supervision model, akin to a “holding bond” (Stevens, 2016) which supports the student to reflexively position her/himself personally, intersubjectively, theoretically and socio‐culturally, whilst “negotiating the tension” (Lee, 2008) during a process of enculturation into the discipline, and also fostering critical thinking and emancipation to contribute to new knowledge.
Procedural and clinical performance of dual‐ versus single‐catheter strategy for transradial coronary angiography: A meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Alushi Brunilda , Lauten Alexander , Ndrepepa Gjin , Leistner David M. , Kufner Sebastian , Xhepa Erion , Landmesser Ulf , Kastrati Adnan , Cassese Salvatore
Published: August 2019

Objectives

We sought to compare the procedural and clinical performance of dual‐ versus single‐catheter strategy for transradial coronary angiography.

Background

The radial artery (RA) is recommended as the vascular access of choice in patients undergoing coronary angiography and intervention. The procedural and clinical performance of dual‐ versus single‐catheter strategy in patients undergoing transradial coronary angiography remains a matter of debate.

Methods

This is a study‐level meta‐analysis of randomized trials. The primary outcome was procedure time. The main secondary outcome was fluoroscopy time. Other outcomes of interest were contrast volume, crossover to other catheter strategy and RA spasm.

Results

A total of 2,062 patients (978 randomly assigned to dual‐catheter and 1,084 to single‐catheter strategy) included in seven trials were available for the quantitative synthesis. A dual‐catheter strategy was associated with procedure time (standardized mean difference [95% confidence intervals (CI)], 0.55 [−0.69, 1.78]; p = .32), fluoroscopy time (−0.36 [−2.39, 1.67]; p = .68) and contrast volume (−0.93 [−3.79, 1.94]; p = .44) comparable to a single‐catheter strategy. The risk for crossover was lower (risk ratio [95% CI], 0.14 [0.03, 0.70]; p = .025) while the risk for RA spasm was higher (1.81 [1.54, 2.12]; p < .001) among patients assigned to dual‐ versus single‐catheter strategy.

Conclusions

This meta‐analysis provides evidence for a comparable procedural performance of either dual‐ or single‐catheter strategy for transradial coronary angiography. The fewer crossovers with dual‐catheter strategy occur at the expense of more frequent radial artery spasm.
In Situ Local Temperature Mapping in Microscopy Nano‐Reactors with Luminescence Thermometry
Authors: van Ravenhorst Ilse K. , Geitenbeek Robin G. , van der Eerden M. J. , Tijn van Omme J. , Peréz Garza H. Hugo , Meirer Florian , Meijerink Andries , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: August 2019

In situ and operando experiments play a crucial role in understanding the mechanisms behind catalytic processes. In these experiments it is important to have precise control over pressure and temperature. In this work, we use luminescence thermometry to map the temperature distribution in a 300 μm microelectromechanical system nano‐reactor with a resolution of ca. 10 μm. These measurements showed a temperature gradient between the center and edge of the heater of ca. 200 °C (at Tset=600 °C) in vacuum and, in addition, a large offset of the local temperature of ca. 100 °C (at Tset=600 °C) in a non‐vacuum (i. e., air, He and H2) environment. The observed temperature heterogeneities can explain differences observed in the reduction behavior of Co‐based Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis catalyst particles at different locations in the nano‐reactor as determined by scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy.
Customizing the Enantioselectivity of a Cyclohexanone Monooxygenase by a Strategy Combining “Size‐Probes” with in silico Study
Authors: Hu Yujing , Xu Jian , Cen Yixin , Li Danyang , Zhang Yu , Huang Meilan , Lin Xianfu , Wu Qi
Published: August 2019

Enzymatic Baeyer‐Villiger oxidation provides a promising green route utilizing molecular oxygen as the oxidant to produce chiral lactones. Wild‐type (WT) CHMOAcineto leads to enantioselectivity up to 99 % ee (S) in the synthesis of substituted ϵ‐caprolactones. To reverse the inherent enantiopreference of CHMOAcineto toward an array of cyclohexanones with various chain length, we herein reshaped the binding pocket with a minimal number of mutations by a rational design strategy combining “size‐probes” with in silico study, which drastically reduces the screening effort. By probing the binding pocket of variants with different‐sized 4‐substituted cyclohexanones substrates, single, double and triple mutants were identified as the best mutants providing highly reversed enantioselectivity for these probing molecules, respectively. The successful demonstration of the strategy combining “size‐probes” with in silico study in the protein engineering of CHMOAcineto may provide a valuable guidance for facile engineering other BVMOs with customized enantiopreference for the same classified substrates with their substituents on the chiral or prochiral central atom.
General and Phosphine‐Free Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Esters to Alcohols
Authors: Shao Zhihui , Zhong Rui , Ferraccioli Raffaella , Li Yibiao , Liu Qiang
Published: August 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusion

Catalytic hydrogenation of esters is essential for the sustainable production of alcohols in organic synthesis and chemical industry. Herein, we describe the first non‐noble metal catalytic system that enables an efficient hydrogenation of non‐activated esters to alcohols in the absence of phosphine ligands (with a maximum turnover number of 2391). The general applicability of this protocol was demonstrated by the high‐yielding hydrogenation of 39 ester substrates including aromatic/aliphatic esters, lactones, polyesters and various pharmaceutical molecules.
Intrapatient Variability of Tacrolimus Exposure in Solid Organ Transplantation: A Novel Marker for Clinical Outcome
Authors: Kuypers Dirk R.J.
Published: August 2019

The calcineurin‐inhibitor tacrolimus (Tac) provides an acceptable balance between prevention of allograft rejection and drug‐related adverse effects, making it the standard of care in all types of solid organ transplantation for the last 2 decades. Recent data have demonstrated that high intrapatient variability (IPV) in Tac predose trough concentrations has deleterious effects on allograft survival. The underlying mechanisms by which a high Tac IPV shortens allograft survival are acute and chronic rejection, donor‐specific anti‐HLA antibodies, and progressive fibrotic damage to the graft. Modifiable causes of high Tac IPV include medication nonadherence (MNA), drug interactions, nutritional interferences, and concurrent diseases. Recognizing high Tac IPV as an important prognostic risk factor after solid organ transplantation requires understanding of the definitions, the use of correct diagnostic metrics, and methodology. Therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing Tac IPV are targeted on improving MNA, avoiding or adjusting drug interactions, drug dosing assists, and educational support of recipients.
A Minimal Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Model Demonstrates Role of the Neonatal Fc Receptor (FcRn) Competition in Drug–Disease Interactions With Antibody Therapy
Authors: Abdallah Hussein M. , Zhu Andy Z.X.
Published: August 2019

Disease trajectories following antibody therapy can have a significant impact on the pharmacokinetics of the antibody. Although this phenomenon can often be explained by reduced target‐expressing cells, other mechanisms may play a role. We use a novel minimal physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic model to evaluate an alternative drug–disease interaction mechanism involving competitive inhibition of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)‐mediated Immunoglobulin G recycling by paraproteins. The model is validated with clinical data from the anti‐FcRn antibody M281 and is used to conduct a scenario test to quantify the interaction among M‐protein, the characteristic paraprotein of multiple myeloma (MM), and the anti‐CD38 antibody daratumumab indicated for MM treatment. Simulations predict up to a 3.6‐fold increase in daratumumab half‐life following M‐protein reduction, which lends credence to the hypothesis that FcRn competition in MM can manifest as time‐dependent reduction of clearance for daratumumab. This model can inform optimal dosing strategies for antibodies in MM and other pathologies of paraprotein excess.
Individual vs household: How do different calculation patterns of catastrophic health expenditure matter? New evidence from China's critical illness insurance programme
Authors: Zhang Ying , Hu Ding , Guan Yongmei , Vanneste Jacques
Published: August 2019

Reducing the incidence and severity of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) has been considered to be one of the most fundamental goals of the global health care financing system. China, the second largest economy and the most populous country in the world, established a critical illness insurance (CII) programme in 2012 in an effort to protect Chinese residents from CHE shocks. This paper attempts to address whether the different calculation patterns (namely, individuals vs household) of CHE matter under China's CII programme. We compare two CII models built with the World Health Organization's (WHO's) standard and the Chinese standard. Exploiting the latest China family panel studies (CFPS) dataset, we demonstrate that using household as the calculation pattern is more effective in alleviating CHE under a tight premium budget, which is consistent with the international view. This finding raises concerns about the appropriate calculation pattern of CHE in policy making.
Disclosure characteristics of firms being investigated by the SEC
Authors: Demaline Christopher J.
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of managers' 10‐K disclosures concerning U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) investigations. This study examined the quantitative linguistic characteristics of 171 company disclosures discussing the firms' involvement in an SEC investigation related to fraudulent financial reporting. The results suggest that these disclosures have a relatively negative sentiment and were relatively difficult to read. The results failed to provide sufficient statistical evidence to support the notion that managers systematically attempt to blame external parties for the potential wrongdoing and related investigation. The study results add to the stream of research related to impression management in corporate disclosures while also supplementing research on how companies respond to negative events such as regulatory investigations. This study may be of interest to financial regulators, investors, and accounting standards setters, all of whom are interested in maximizing the usefulness of financial information.
Mass transfer performance and correlations for CO2 absorption into aqueous blended PG/MEA in PTFE membrane contactor
Authors: Gao Ge , Gao Hongxia , Liang Zhiwu
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

The method for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) with amine solution in a hollow fiber membrane contactor has been identified as a potential large‐scale application technology for capturing CO2 from flue gas. The mass transfer performance of CO2 relies in large extent on the operating conditions, the types of absorbents and the properties of membrane materials. Therefore selecting the appropriate absorbent and studying the effect of operating parameters on the mass transfer performance become of paramount importance.

RESULTS

The experimental results showed that the blended potassium glycinate/monoethanolamine solution has better CO2 absorption performance and higher surface tension than the single monoethanolamine solution under the same conditions. Furthermore, the experimental results illustrated that the CO2 absorption flux increases as the gas velocity, CO2 partial pressure and liquid velocity increase, and decreases with the increase of CO2 loading and membrane contactor length; and the CO2 removal efficiency increases as the liquid velocity and membrane contactor length increase, and decreases with the increase of CO2 loading, gas velocity and CO2 partial pressure. Additionally, new correlations for the prediction of the CO2 absorption flux JCO2 and the CO2 removal efficiency ηCO2 are proposed in this work. The calculated data of CO2 absorption flux and CO2 removal efficiency were found to be in satisfactory agreement with experimental results, with absolute average deviation (AAD) lower than 4.42%.

CONCLUSION

The correlations for the prediction of JCO2 and ηCO2 based on the experimental results are of significance for predicting the operating parameters and design of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow fiber membrane contactor. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Fabry disease genotype, phenotype, and migalastat amenability: Insights from a national cohort
Authors: Nowak Albina , Huynh‐Do Uyen , Krayenbuehl Pierre‐Alexandre , Beuschlein Felix , Schiffmann Raphael , Barbey Frédéric
Published: August 2019

Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by α‐galactosidase A (α‐Gal A) deficiency. The progressive accumulation of globotriaosylceramide results in life‐threatening complications, including renal, cardiac, and cerebrovascular diseases. The pharmacological chaperone migalastat was recently approved as an alternative to enzyme replacement therapy in patients with amenable mutations. In this article, we investigate the proportion of amenable mutations, related to phenotype, in a population of adult patients with FD in Switzerland. This study included 170 adult patients (n = 64 males) from 46 independent pedigrees with 39 different identified mutations over the last 59 years. Overall, 68% had the classic phenotype and 48% fulfilled the current amenability criteria. Migalastat was stopped in 2/11 (18%) patients: the only male classic patient, because of lack of efficacy based on lyso‐Gb3 levels, and one patient with a benign variant. In males, the achieved enzyme activities in peripheral leucocytes under migalastat treatment differed from the activities in HEK‐cells after incubation with migalastat (eg, 33% in PL vs 41% HEK‐cells for p.F113L; 43% in leucocytes vs 36% in HEK‐cells for p.N215S, 24‐30% in leucocytes vs 96% in HEK‐cells for S238N). In this national cohort, we found a relatively high proportion of patients with amenable GLA mutations, which, however, had heterogeneous extent of amenability: the higher the residual α‐Gal A activity, the higher the chaperone effect. Further studies are required to investigate the long‐term benefits of migalastat therapy depending on the achieved enzyme activities in different amenable mutations.
The mid‐summer drought over Mexico and Central America in the 21st century
Authors: Corrales‐Suastegui Arturo , Fuentes‐Franco Ramón , Pavia Edgar G.
Published: August 2019

The southern Mexico and Central America (SMCA) region shows a dominant well‐defined precipitation annual cycle. The rainy season usually begins in May and ends in October, with a relatively dry period in July and August known as the mid‐summer drought (MSD); notable exceptions are the Caribbean coast of Honduras and Costa Rica. This MSD phenomenon is expected to be affected as the SMCA experiences an enhanced differential warming between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans (PO‐AO) towards the end of the 21st century. Previous studies have suggested that this differential warming will induce a strengthening of the westward Caribbean low‐level jet (CLLJ) and that this heightened CLLJ will shift precipitation westwards, falling on the PO instead that within the SMCA region causing a severe drought. In this work we examine this scenario with a new model, the Rossby Center Regional Climate Model (RCA4), for the COordinated Regional climate Downscaling EXperiment (CORDEX) Central America domain, forced with different general circulation models (GCMs) and for different representative concentration paths (RCPs). We consider 25‐year periods as “present conditions” (1981–2005) and “future scenario” (2071–2095), focusing on the “extended summer” season (May–October). Results suggest that in the future the spatial extension of the MSD will decrease and that in certain areas the MSD will be more intense but less frequent compared to present conditions. Also, the oceanic differential warming, the intensification of the CLLJ, and the reduction in regional precipitation in the future scenario, suggested by previous works, were verified in this study.
Tourism and the city: The impact on residents' quality of life
Authors: Biagi Bianca , Ladu Maria Gabriela , Meleddu Marta , Royuela Vicente
Published: August 2019

The present work investigates the relationship between tourism presence and perceptions of the urban quality of life (UQoL) of resident populations. This is currently a hot topic, because in many European cities, residents have started to voice concerns about mass tourism. An ad hoc questionnaire was designed and submitted to the resident populations of two Mediterranean destinations. Following an integrative approach à la Sen, UQoL is analysed using the presence of services/amenities (capabilities) as well as their accessibility (functionings). Findings indicate that both presence and—mainly—accessibility of services/amenities matter for UQoL and that a negative effect from tourism prevails.
Distribution of mercury‐cycling genes in the Arctic and equatorial Pacific Oceans and their relationship to mercury speciation
Authors: Bowman Katlin L. , Collins R. Eric , Agather Alison M. , Lamborg Carl H. , Hammerschmidt Chad R. , Kaul Drishti , Dupont Christopher L. , Christensen Geoff A. , Elias Dwayne A.
Published: August 2019

Humans are exposed to potentially harmful amounts of the neurotoxin monomethylmercury (MMHg) through consumption of marine fish and mammals. However, the pathways of MMHg production and bioaccumulation in the ocean remain elusive. In anaerobic environments, inorganic mercury (Hg) can be methylated to MMHg through an enzymatic pathway involving the hgcAB gene cluster. Recently, hgcA‐like genes have been discovered in oxygenated marine water, suggesting the hgcAB methylation pathway, or a close analog, may also be relevant in the ocean. Using polymerase chain reaction amplification and shotgun metagenomics, we searched for but did not find the hgcAB gene cluster in Arctic Ocean seawater. However, we detected Hg‐cycling genes from the mer operon (including organomercury lyase, merB), and hgcA‐like paralogs (i.e., cdhD) in Arctic Ocean metagenomes. Our analysis of Hg biogeochemistry and marine microbial genomics suggests that various microorganisms and metabolisms, and not just the hgcAB pathway, are important for Hg methylation in the ocean.
Influence of process variables on the characteristics of friction‐stir‐welded polyamide 6,6 joints
Authors: Nandhini R. , Moorthy M. Kesava , Muthukumaran S. , Kumaran S.
Published: August 2019

This paper aims to study the feasibility of friction stir welding of thermoplastic material polyamide 6,6. The maximum joint strength achieved through the optimized process variables is 41 MPa. The maximum temperature rise of 126 °C is achieved and the weld nugget exhibits a hardness of 69 D on Shore hardness scale. Fractography analysis reveals that the fracture followed a continuous plastic flow comprising less prominent fibrillation and more elongated voids. An increase in glass transition temperature Tg is observed in the weld specimen. The impact of the welding process variables on the frequency and band shift of the functional groups of the polymer is also discussed.
Cutting tool holding device with controlled oscillation without external energy source and experimental analysis of its advantages when turning
Authors: Vasilko K. , Murčinková Z.
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the design of a cutting tool‐holding device with controlled oscillations without an external energy source based on a varying machining force, and an experimental analysis involving the influence on the chip shape, tool‐wear, chip volume coefficient, and surface roughness. The design of the cutting tool‐holding device is based on reducing the dynamic stiffness by allowing one degree of freedom of the cutting tool, either translationally or rotationally. This paper analyses the advantages of such a design, and provides experimental measurement results presenting the advantages of the concept of a partially movable tool holder without an external energy source for application in other machining operations.
Surface coverage characterization of tinplates after post‐treatment processes
Authors: Wu F.J. , Liu X.J. , Xiao X.
Published: August 2019

In this paper, post‐treatments, including reflowing treatment, passivation treatment, and ultrasonic treatment for tinplates with different coating mass, are discussed, and surface characteristics brought by the post‐treatments have also been investigated by grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction results show the amount of highest iron and FeSn2 and lowest tin on tinplate with a coating mass of 1.1 g ⋅ m−2, indicating the poor surface coverage of steel substrate. The amount of lowest iron and tin‐iron alloy and highest tin on tinplate with a coating mass of 11.2 g ⋅ m−2 indicates the best surface coverage of tinplate among the four test samples. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth analysis shows that the sample with coating mass of 1.1 g ⋅ m−2 has a higher amount of iron atomic concentration, which decreases sharply as the coating mass increases, indicating the poor surface coverage by lower coating mass.
Radiotherapy after immunochemotherapy improves outcomes in patients with primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Avilés Agustin , Calva Angel , Neri Natividad , Cleto Sergio , Silva Luis
Published: August 2019

Objective

Primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma is a rare and unique type of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma that develops more frequently in younger patients and women. The combination of immunochemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) has been suggested as the primary treatment choice. However, no consensus has been reached. Thus, we carried out an open‐label clinical trial. Patients with complete response after six cycles of immunochemotherapy were randomized to receive or not receive RT (control group).

Methods

From July 2004 to December 2012, 324 patients with primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma were enrolled and randomized at 1:1, with 164 and 160 patients in the RT and control groups, respectively.

Results

The 5‐year progression‐free survival was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI] 77–89%) in the RT group and 67% (95% CI 60–76%) in the control group (P < 0.01). The 5‐year overall survival was 86% (95% CI 79–96%) in the RT group and 68% (95% CI 60%–74%) in the control group (P < 0.01). Toxicity was minimal and well controlled. No late toxicities were observed.

Conclusion

RT as adjuvant treatment in patients with complete response after six cycles of immunochemotherapy improved the progression‐free survival and overall survival with minimal toxicities.
A GEE approach to estimating accuracy and its confidence intervals for correlated data
Authors: Lim Yaeji
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we provide a method for constructing confidence interval for accuracy in correlated observations, where one sample of patients is being rated by two or more diagnostic tests. Confidence intervals for other measures of diagnostic tests, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, have already been developed for clustered or correlated observations using the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method. Here, we use the GEE and delta‐method to construct confidence intervals for accuracy, the proportion of patients who are correctly classified. Simulation results verify that the estimated confidence intervals exhibit consistent/appropriate coverage rates.
Highly Active Core–Shell Carbon/NiCo2O4 Double Microtubes for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Ultralow Overpotential and Superior Cycling Stability
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Li Xiaocui , Li Ruchun , Lu Yang , Song Shuqin , Wang Yi
Published: August 2019

Developing highly efficient electrocatalysts with earth abundant elements for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a promising way to store light or electrical energy in the form of chemical energy. Here, a new type of electrocatalyst with core–shell carbon/NiCo2O4 double microtubes architecture is successfully synthesized through a hydrothermal method combined with the calcination process with wet tissues as the template and carbon resource. The outer NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays contain abundant defects, which come from reduction of the carbon in wet tissues. This indicates that carbon is a very excellent defect inducer. The inner carbon microtubes can act as the robust structure skeleton and these core–shell double microtubes provide abundant diffusion channels for oxygen and electrolyte, both of which contribute to improving the stability by avoiding damage to the electrode from produced O2 bubbles and the collapse of the outer NiCo2O4 microtubes. Electrochemical results show that the electrode, core–shell carbon/NiCo2O4 double microtubes loaded on carbon cloth, exhibits prominent electrocatalytic activity with an overpotential of only 168 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope as low as 57.6 mV dec−1 in 1.0 mol L−1 KOH. This new type of electrocatalyst possesses great potential in water electrolyzers and rechargeable metal–air batteries.