bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
End-of-life mobile phones parts contain toxic metals that make them hazardous, but can also serve as resource reserves for such metals
Authors: Abiodun Bukola Omoyemi , Iniaghe Paschal Okiroro
Published: September 2023

In this study, the concentration of some toxic metals in different parts of end-of-life mobile phones was assessed. Twenty end-of-life mobile phones of different brands and countries of origin, which were widely in use up to the year 2011, were collected from phone repair workshops in Lagos, Nigeria. The collected mobile phones were disassembled into the phone screens, printed wiring boards, plastic casings and batteries. Disassembled parts were individually milled and pulverized, and digested using HCl, HNO3 and H2O2. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to quantify some toxic metals (Pb, Cd and Ni) in the digested samples, and the determined concentrations were compared with permissible limits. The average metals concentration in the disassembled parts followed the order: printed wiring boards > batteries > plastic casings > phone screens. The concentrations of Pb and Ni exceeded their toxicity threshold limit concentration in printed wiring boards, while Ni exceeded the limit concentration in batteries. Based on the maximum permissible concentration required by the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directives, all Cd concentrations were below the limit concentration; Pb and Ni in printed wiring boards exceeded their limit concentrations, while Ni exceeded its permissible concentration in batteries. The results of this study indicate that printed wiring boards and batteries of end-of-life mobile phones are hazardous, and their improper disposal of could cause environmental and health problems. However, considering the very high concentrations of Pb and Ni, these mobile phone parts could serve as resource reserves for these metals.
The Impact of Bilateral Investment Agreements on Attracting Foreign Direct Investments
Authors: Petrović Ružica , Jocić Dragana Radenković , Kerković Tamara Milenković
Published: September 2023

Foreign investors' fear of expropriation led to the emergence of the idea of new ways of protection and adequate treatment of foreign investments on the international level. Primarily, the home countries wanted to protect their interests and became the main proponents of the creation of bilateral investment agreements. Developing countries that aspire to become and remain part of international economic flows, had to provide additional protection to investors, as investment host countries. They saw bilateral investment agreements as an opportunity to attract foreign direct investment. They provide a certain standard in the treatment and protection of investments and thus influence the creation of an environment that favors the transfer of capital from one country to another. In modern economic conditions, there are almost no entities that are absolutely risk-averse. For this reason, bilateral investment agreements are counted on to play one of the key roles in minimizing the risks of investing in developing countries.
China - Africa Trade and Investment Relations Under the Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Mrdaković Sanela , Todorović Miloš
Published: September 2023

China’s investment activities and infrastructure development in Africa under the Belt and Road Initiative (“BRI”) have changed the prospects of economic cooperation between African countries and Asia’s largest economy. Africa plays a prominent role in one of the key BRI corridors, which explains China’s active engagement on the continent through the construction of hard infrastructure, port development and trade and investment activities. China is Africa’s largest bilateral trading partner and foreign direct investor. This paper analyses China’s investments and trade flows with Africa, the importance of African countries for the BRI and China-Africa relations within the geopolitical triangle US-EU-Russia. We applied correlation analysis to assess the intensity of the relationship between FDI and trade and an autoregressive model to extrapolate import and export data for a given period with the aim of forecasting trends in the development of China - Africa economic relations. Empirical results indicate a strong correlation between China’s FDI to African countries and their trade flows. The autoregressive model estimates a substantial increase in their trade flows, which, along with China’s infrastructural development in Africa, suggests a change in the dynamics of their trade cooperation and in the geographical structure of African countries’ foreign trade.
Impact of Income and Assets Diversification on Bank Performance in Serbia
Authors: Radojičić Jelena , Marinković Srđan
Published: September 2023

The paper explores the relationship between the diversification of bank activities and a set of bank performance indicators by running multiple regression on panel data set of 22 operating banks in Serbia in the time period spanning the last 15 reporting years. We have found a positive influence of the degree of diversification, measured both by income composition and earning assets composition indicators, on the levels and stability of the banks’ return on equity. For ROA-related performance measures the relationship is not conclusive. We have also tested whether the presence of COVID-19 crisis challenged the observed regularity and confirmed that it has had tendency to reverse the long-term relationship.
Distribution Channels for Organic Food in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Stanković Tamara , Andjelković Aleksandra , Milovanović Goran
Published: September 2023

Continuous organic production growth in the Republic of Serbia poses the issue of the existence of adequate distribution channels for these products, as they require specific storage and distribution requirements. In addition, the development of organic food production and demand for these products indicates that this market segment is not negligible. Hence, there is a need to analyze the degree of customer satisfaction with organic foods with existing distribution channels. Are there adequate channels for the distribution of organic food? How much trust do consumers have in distribution channels and whether the level of trust in distribution channels can affect consumers’ buying decisions? These are just some questions that come up. In this regard, the subject of research will be the existing distribution network of organic products in the Republic of Serbia, as well as the degree of satisfaction and trust of consumers in distribution channels, in order to define guidelines and recommendations for the redesign of the organic food distribution network. In order to answer those questions, empirical research was conducted on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, and for the purposes of statistical analysis was used following statistical methods: ANOVA, MANOVA, cluster analysis, and descriptive statistics.
The Kos Angle, an optimizing parameter for football expected goals (xG) models
Authors: Karim Hassani , Marwane Lotfi
Published: September 2023

The utilization of metrics such as expected goals (xG) has the potential to provide teams with a competitive edge. By incorporating xG into their analysis and decision-making processes, teams can gain valuable insights. This study proposes a new approach to football xG modeling using Kos Angle which represents the shooting angle, from which we substract the angles occupied by players inside the shot angle. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the Kos Angle feature on the performance of football xG models. After developing the mathematical formula of the Kos Angle, we selected additional features and built different xG models. Subsequently, the impact of the Kos Angle feature on the models’ performances was evaluated, revealing an increase in Recall and Precision and a decrease in Brier score and RMSE. We also found that the Kos Angle accounted for a significant portion of the models’ predictive power. By providing a more realistic representation of shot situations, the addition of the Kos Angle feature allows the improvement of xG models performances, which can give a more valuable insights to football professionals who rely on xG metrics and their variations.
Exploring multiple intelligences and language learning strategies among science and technology students in a Malaysian university
Authors: Husin Norhayati , Md Adnan Wan Najmiyyah Wan
Published: September 2023

Student profiling and learning strategies have gained the interest of many researchers. In language learning in particular, understanding students’ learning strategies as well as their multiple intelligence profiles is significant because it allows the teachers to develop and design lessons and materials that are customised to their diverse learning needs. Hence, this study investigates the Multiple Intelligences (MI) and Language Learning Strategy (LLS) profiles of students from various science and technology faculties of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Terengganu, with a focus on gender differences. The study’s objectives were to determine the dominant students’ MI profiles, their preferred LLS, and gender variations in these variables. Two instruments were adopted in this study, namely McKenzie’s Multiple Intelligences Inventory and the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). The findings indicated that the students mostly acquire introspective intelligence, and the majority of male respondents use metacognitive learning strategies. However, the findings revealed a significant positive relationship between MI and LLS. Based on these findings, the study emphasises the importance of incorporating MI and LLS in language teaching and learning and provides recommendations for language teachers to create lesson plans and teaching materials that suit the students’ needs.
An examination of the educational and instructional facets in isiXhosa children’s oral songs
Authors: Diko Mlamli
Published: September 2023

It is incontrovertible that African, and in particular, isiXhosa children’s oral songs play a significant role in the educational and instructional facets given their propensity to contribute to children’s cognitive development when used and applied meticulously. Bearing that in mind, this article aimed to unravel two selected children’s oral isiXhosa songs in respect of their didactic and pedagogical components. The principal objective, among others, was to determine their latent interplaying meanings. The sociocultural theory of learning was deployed to examine the two songs while the songs themselves served as a primary source of data subsumed under qualitative research methodology. The examination and discussions maintained that isiXhosa children’s oral songs contain educational and instructional dimensions that may not be privy to everyone, and as such, it is consequential that they continue to be probed. The closing remarks underlined the deficit in the evaluation of isiXhosa children’s songs concerning their didactic and pedagogical facets.
Assessing the innovative skills and competencies required of construction management graduates
Authors: Toyin James Olaonipekun , Mewomo Modupe Cecilia
Published: September 2023

The construction industry has been experiencing high waves of revolutionised innovative technologies globally. These resulted from the highly innovative demands of the 4th industrial revolution (IR), which does not exclude the construction industry. These technologies do not rely on traditional design and build principles, and they require sophisticated skills and competencies. Currently, the construction industry is still struggling to find professionals with innovative competencies and the skills needed to manage the building lifecycle process. These have been a major concern in developing countries’ construction industry sector. Employers in the construction industry are now looking for construction management graduates (CMG) who are academically qualified and also possess considerable construction-related innovative skills and competencies in related technological software or tools. This study investigates the expected core skills and competence required by CMG. The methodology entails a well-structured systematic literature review, wherein 13 expected core competencies and 27 expected core skills were identified. Based on these, primary data were elicited through an online Google Forms survey distributed to professionals in the Nigerian construction industry. A total of 330 valid responses were obtained. Relative Important Index (RII) and principal component analysis (PCA) were carried out and presented. The result reveals the industry’s expectations and provides guidance to CMG seeking employment in the construction industry. Understanding the industry expectations and possessing the required core competencies will enable the CMG to remain relevant in the dynamic built environments. This study contributes to building information modelling (BIM) knowledge and the current innovative competencies and skills required in the built environment.
Technico and Economic Optimization of the Injection of a Photovoltaic System on a Low Voltage Network
Authors: Ksentini Abdelhamid , Hadef Zakaria , Azzag El-Bahi , Necaibia Salah , Necaibia Ammar
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates an experimental study of photovoltaic PV modules behavior (SM110-24) connected to the low-voltage grid (230 V / 50 Hz) with a three-phase inverter. In order to ensure maximum power point tracking (MPPT), The input voltage is delivered via a DC/DC converter that is controlled by the Fuzzy Logic Technical FLC to ensure maximum power MPPT. The control system of the setup is designed for the extraction of maximum power. The primary aim of this investigation is to synchronize the two sources namely PV-grid, using the Phase Locked Loop PLL command with the injection of an alternating current into the network whose aim is stabilizing the system and minimizing the cost of the energy consumed by the load. In this study, the authors have taken into account the real kWh price of the Algerian society of distribution of electricity (Sonelgaz) as the basis for their research. The simulation results obtained by utilizing the MATLAB software show that the proposed system exhibits high performance and flexibility, indicating its potential usefulness for practical applications in the future.
Quadcopter Prototype Stability Assessment With Pid Controller And Euler-Lagrange Approach
Authors: Djizi Hamza , Zahzouh Zoubir , Bouzaouit Azzedine
Published: September 2023

The increasing use of drones in various fields has led to their popularity in developed countries due to their ease of use and manufacture. This Miniature Pilotless Aircraft has numerous beneficial usages such as express shipping, gathering information, crop monitoring, cargo transport, storm tracking, geographic mapping of inaccessible terrain, search and rescue operations, among others. This study aims to investigate the stability of a quadcopter through simulations based on the mathematical model that describes the quadcopter’s dynamic and flight mechanics, using the Euler-Lagrange approach. It conducts simulations in MATLAB and present the principles that govern quadcopter stability, focusing on setting the PID coefficients to achieve optimal stability. This study provides insights into the principles of drone mechanics and stability, enabling us to better understand the quadcopter’s behavior and performance.
Studies About Gamma-Ray Irradiation of PVC Plates Used in Electric Cable Insulation
Authors: Paun C. , Gavrila D.E. , Pintea J. , Paltanea V. Manescu , Stoica V. , Paltanea G. , Nemoianu I.V. , Ionescu O. , Mihalache I. , Brancoveanu O.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, studies concerning the changes brought by gamma radiation on some PVC plates were made. The respective samples were exposed to gamma irradiation, at room temperature and different doses, such as (10, 20, 40, 80) kGy. The changes in the irradiated PVC plates’ properties were studied by UV-Vis, electrical measurements, and SEM analysis on non-irradiated and irradiated samples. The results show that gamma irradiation affects the properties of PVC plates. This degradation leads to the appearance of free radicals, the interruption of polymer chains, reticulation, and the decrease of molecular weight.
Thermal Scanning System Using Arduino Nano
Authors: Zamfir E.M. , Avram Miruna , Radu M. , Stănescu C. , Preduşcă G.
Published: September 2023

The paper presents the study and implementation of a thermal scanning system that collects and transmits in real time the thermal data of scanned objects for their constant monitoring using an infrared temperature sensor and an Arduino Nano board. The application is made with the Arduino IDE, with the help of which the control of the Arduino board, sensors, screen, and LEDs connected to the platform is conducted. The sensors create the overall image of the thermal scan and send it to the Liquid-Crystal Display Thin-Film Transistor (LCD TFT) screen, and if an anomaly occurs, the red LED lights up.
The Effects of Government Expenditure on the Output: A Real Business Cycle Analysis for the Romanian Economy
Authors: Radu Ștefan-Constantin
Published: September 2023

One of the most researched topics in macroeconomics is the development and implementation of Real Business Cycle models. This article presents a small Real Business Cycle model, which is built for the Romanian economy, with data from the 2nd quarter of 1995 through the 3rd quarter of 2022. The main aim of this analysis is to assess the historical influence of exogenous and government spending shocks on economic growth. In order to obtain accurate results, we implemented a Bayesian estimation technique for calculating the parameters of the model. The main findings indicate the significant exogenous shocks effect on the Romanian economy, and the way in which government spending had a positive effect on increasing economic growth for the period between the 1st quarter 2000 and the 3rd quarter of 2022.
DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM MONITORING KESEHATAN TERNAK DOMBA BERDASARKAN SUHU TUBUH DAN DETAK JANTUNG BERBASIS IOT
Authors: Sumarno Yusuf Zakiy , Sumaryo Sony , Prihatiningrum Novi
Published: September 2023

Domba merupakan salah satu hewan ternak yang dibudidayakan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan untuk makanan maupun tekstil. Oleh karena itu, perawatan kesehatan domba pada peternakan domba sangat perlu diperhatikan untuk memastikan semua domba tetap terjaga kesehatannya sehingga produktivitas dari peternakan tersebut meningkat. Umumnya kesehatan domba dapat dipantau melalui suhu tubuh dan detak jantung untuk menentukan apakah domba tersebut sedang dalam kondisi normal atau sedang dalam kondisi tidak normal. Untuk mempermudah memantau kesehatan domba yang saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual dan harus menunggu orang yang memiliki kemampuan untuk melakukan pengukuran suhu dan denyut domba dapat menyebabkan beberapa peternak tidak menyadari bahwa terdapat dombanya yang mengalami gangguan kesehatan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sebuah alat yang dapat memantau kesehatan domba menggunakan modul sensor suhu dan sensor denyut yang kemudian terhubung dengan NodeMCU ESP8266 yang berfungsi sebagai mikrokontroller yang akan mengolah lalu mengirimkan data tersebut ke server untuk lalu ditampilkan kepada pengguna melalui aplikasi web. Penelitian ini berhasil melakukan monitoring kesehatan domba berdasarkan suhu tubuh dan denyut jantung dengan tingkat error sensor suhu sebesar 0,2% dan error sensor denyut sebesar 3,2%. Hasil dari monitoring ini bisa menjadi acuan bagi para peternak untuk memberikan perlakuan yang sesuai terhadap ternaknya agar kesehatan ternak dombanya selalu dalam kondisi yang baik.
DESAIN SISTEM PENDETEKSI KEBAKARAN HUTAN DENGAN GPS DAN TELEGRAM
Authors: Winarno Adi , Awang Joko Mastera
Published: September 2023

Kelestarian hutan merupakan harapan setiap daerah yang memiliki banyak kawasan hutan. Selain sebagai penghasil oksigen, hutan juga menjaga ekosistem dan juga sebagai upaya pelestarian tanah dan air. Kebakaran hutan merupakan salah satu faktor yang mengurangi jumlah oksigen yang dihasilkan selain penebangan pohon. Akhir-akhir ini sering terjadi kebakaran hutan pada musim kemarau yang panas akibat terik matahari. Sebagai solusi dari permasalahan tersebut, telah dirancang suatu alat yang dapat mendeteksi kebakaran hutan sehingga sebelum kebakaran meluas, pihak lokal dapat segera mengetahui hal tersebut dan segera mengambil tindakan. Perangkat yang digunakan pada alat terdiri dari NodeMCU Esp 8266, sensor api, sensor asap, buzzer dan modul GPS serta aplikasi Telegram. Alat pendeteksi kebakaran hutan ini tentunya akan memudahkan setiap petugas untuk menerima informasi dengan cepat tentang adanya kebakaran.
Sexo y género en el sistema normativo colombiano
Authors: Calvache Sepúlveda Juan Pablo
Published: September 2023

Este artículo comienza por hacer un recorrido por las categorías de ciudadanía y nacionalidad —en relación con el sexo-género— como atributo de la personalidad en el Estado de derecho y Estado Constitucional de derecho. Posteriormente, se evalúa la inserción de las categorías de sexo y género en la cédula de ciudadanía. Por último, se realiza una revisión del estado conceptual del sexo-género en las instituciones estatales y en el régimen jurídico para determinar el estadio del paradigma de la sexualidad en el que se inscribe el Estado colombiano. Es una invitación a pensar la norma más allá de su exégesis, desde una perspectiva analítica crítica. Para ello, metodológicamente se realiza un proceso de reflexividad profunda en perspectiva trans e interdisciplinar, pasando por la revisión de la literatura sexo-genérica, y cruzándola con la teoría jurídica. Se concluye que las categorías sexo-genéricas se introducen en el sistema legal a partir de la ciudadanía/nacionalidad, como atributos de la personalidad, y estas a su vez, cambian su ubicación de la ley a la constitución. Esta inserción permite el nacimiento de los códigos de verificación jurídicos-políticos como la cédula de ciudadanía. Finaliza con la inscripción del Estado colombiano en el segundo paradigma de la sexualidad.
Closed Solar Air Heater System Integrated with PCM (RT42 and RT50) in a Thermal Storage-Finned Heat Exchanger Unit
Authors: Dheyab Hussam S. , Al-Jethelah Manar , Ibrahim Thamir K. , Sirine Chtourou  , Mounir Baccar
Published: September 2023

Utilizing thermal storage integrated into a solar air heater SAH is a promising solution to enhance the thermal performance of solar air heaters. The present work experimentally investigated the thermal impact of an absorber-finned heat exchanger-thermal storage unit integrated inside a solar air heater. The experiments were conducted under the conditions of Tikrit-Iraq in December 2021 and January 2022. RT42 and RT50 were used as PCMs in two separate solar air heaters. Each PCM filled the thermal storage of SAH. A finned heat exchanger, in which air was forced through, was immersed in the thermal storage. Two arrangements were tested. In the first arrangement, the two SAHs were separated from each other. In the second arrangement, the two SAHs were connected in series, first the RT42 SAH and then the RT50 SAH. The results showed that the highest recorded temperature was for RT50, i.e., 59 °C, in the separation arrangement. Also, the solar air heater with RT50 in the series arrangement continued to heat the forced air until 5 AM the next day.
Musculoskeletal Injury in an Australian Professional Ballet Company, 2018-2021: 953 Medical-Attention and 706 Time-Loss Injuries Over 4 Years
Authors: Drysdale Louise , Gomes Zara , Toohey Liam , Pumpa Kate , Newman Phil
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence rate, frequency, severity, recurrence, and burden of musculoskeletal injury in professional ballet.

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiological (retrospective).

METHODS: Professional dancers (n = 73, 40 females, 33 males) provided consent for retrospective review of musculoskeletal injury data. Medical-attention injuries were reported to and recorded by onsite physiotherapists between January 2018 and December 2021. Time-loss injuries were any injury that prevented a dancer from taking a full part in all dance-related activities for >1 day . Injuries were classified using the OSICS-10.1 system. Injury incidence rates (IIRs; injuries/1000 h), severity, recurrence, and burden were calculated.

RESULTS: Nine hundred and fifty-three medical-attention injuries were recorded in 72 (98%) dancers at an IIR of 2.79/1000 h (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.62-2.98). 706 were time-loss injuries, which were reported in 70 dancers at an IIR of 2.07/1000 h (95% CI: 1.92, 2.23). Overuse injuries represented 53% of medical-attention injuries. The most frequently injured body area and tissue/pathology were thoracic facet joint (n = 63/953, 7%) and ankle synovitis/impingement (n = 62/953, 6%). Bone stress injuries (BSIs) were the most severe with the highest median time loss (135 days, interquartile range [IQR] 181) followed by fractures (72.5 days, IQR 132). The injuries with the highest burden were tibial BSIs (13 days lost/1000 h; 95% CI: 13, 14). Jumping and lifting were the most frequently reported injury mechanisms.

CONCLUSION: Almost all dancers required medical attention for at least one injury during the surveillance period. Approximately 74% of injuries resulted in time loss. BSIs and ankle synovitis/impingement were of high burden, and a high proportion of BSIs were recurrent. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(11):712-722. Epub 14 September 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.11858
Aspectos epidemiológicos de pacientes traqueostomizados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto e Pediátrica do interior do estado de São Paulo
Authors: Santana Amanda Seixas , Silva Higor Matos Fatureto , Cintra Núbia de Souza , Santos Francisco Leite dos
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar em caráter retrospectivo características epidemiológicas dos pacientes submetidos à traqueostomia. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico com prontuários médicos de 247 pacientes que apresentaram a necessidade de traqueostomia de urgência ou eletiva entre os anos de 2016-2020. Avaliou-se enfermos traqueostomizados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto e Pediátrica em um Hospital de Nível Terciário no interior do estado de São Paulo. Resultados: A maioria dos traqueostomizados eram do sexo masculino (60%), mais da metade (51,8%) tinha mais de 60 anos quando a intervenção cirúrgica foi executada. Fenômenos tromboembólicos foram a principal hipótese diagnóstica na admissão hospitalar (29,5%) e entre as comorbidades prévias dos pacientes, doenças relacionadas ao sistema cardiovascular foram as mais prevalentes (53,8%). O estudo também mostrou que 78,5% dos enfermos ficaram internados de 6 a 50 dias, dadas as condições prévias, apenas 31,2% tiveram alta hospitalar com melhora do quadro apresentado inicialmente. O índice de mortalidade foi maior no período entre 7 a 30 dia (67,4%). Conclusão: Temos como fatores de risco para a necessidade de realização de traqueostomia o sexo masculino, idade maior que 50 anos e eventos tromboembólicos. Dentre as principais comorbidades, as de etiologia cardiovascular estão em maior evidência.
Pengembangan Kelembagaan Badan Usaha Milik Desa Dalam Menggerakkan Ekonomi Desa di Provinsi Riau
Authors: ALKADAFI MUAMMAR , Tauby Syukran , Andini Nurul Lovi
Published: September 2023

Village-Owned Enterprises increasingly grow and develop, especially after the enactment of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. From the large number of Village-Owned Enterprises that have been formed, there are those who have succeeded in running their business, and there are also those that have been running in place or failing. The purpose of this study was to determine the driving factors for forming and supporting the success of Lancang Kuning Village, Amanah Sejahtera and Paris Mandiri Village Enterprises. The research method used in this research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques carried out by observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Determination of informants is done purposively. Data were analyzed by data reduction, display / presentation of data, and drawing conclusions. As a result of the research, the institutions of Lancang Kuning Village Owned Enterprises, Amanah Sejahtera and Paris Mandiri were formed due to the intervention of the Riau Provincial Government through the Village Empowerment Program (PPD), Village Owned Enterprises received strong political and legal protection through Law Number 6 Year 2014 About the Village. The supporting factors for success are natural capital, financial resources, human resources and social capital. Besides that, it is also supported by the leadership factor of the innovative village head - progressive, the manager of the Village Owned Enterprises who have the harmony, innovative and creative, the mindset (maindset) to move forward.
Implementasi Kebijakan Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan Anak Di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu
Authors: Melani Sahputri  , As'ari Hasim
Published: September 2023

This research was conducted with the aim of being able to find out and explain how the implementation of child protection policies and the inhibiting factors in implementing child protection in Rokan Hulu Regency. The implementation theory used is the Merille S. Grindle theory which contains two variables, namely the content of policy and the policy environment (implementation context). The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation.The results in the study show that the implementation of child protection has not been implemented properly, including the degree of change desired, policy programs, resources, power, interests, and strategies of policy actors, institutional characteristics, level of compliance and response from implementation. So that there are still obstacles that occur, namely: (1) insufficient budget in providing treatment for child victims of violence. (2) lack of human resource capacity, inadequate facilities in implementing policies. (3) differences in public perception. (4) the organization has not yet formed the UPTD for the protection of women and children which spe.cifically handles child violence, causing an overload of tasks within the organization’s scope.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik di Kabupaten Siak
Authors: Novela Lestari Novela Lestari , As'ari Hasim
Published: September 2023

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing and analyzing the implementation of policies to reduce the use of plastic bags and find out what are the inhibiting factors of implementing policies to reduce the use of plastic bags in tourist attractions, traditional markets and government offices in Siak Regency. The implementation theory used is the MSN-Approach implementation theory from Yulianto Kadji (2015) which sees the implementation of three approaches, namely the mentality approach, the systems approach and the networking approach. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. The required data, both primary and secondary data, were obtained by means of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that: first, the implementation of the policy to reduce the use of plastic bags in Siak Regency has not run optimally. Second, the inhibiting factors in implementing the policy are not comprehensive socialization, the presence of street vendors who are not orderly, there is no sanction for violators, and people's habits are difficult to change.
Efektifitas Kearsipan Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Administrasi di Desa Bulu-Bulu Kecamatan Tonra Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Andi Amitya Resty Dwiyanti
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of records related to administrative services in Bulu-Bulu Village. This research uses a quantitative approach. The results of the study revealed that in general 42.85% of respondents rated archive management as very good, 42.85% good and 14.28% bad. Archive management so far is going well. In fact, the human resources in the archiving department at the Bulu-Bulu village office are very limited, because the archivists do not have basic knowledge about the archiving department. The low quality of management services is caused by several factors such as: B. unclear procedures, confusing technical and administrative requirements, the completion time that exceeds the specified time, the lack of transparency of the costs incurred and the distance of the place of residence from the place of residence. village office. It can be concluded that (1) the effectiveness of archives in improving administrative services in Bulu-Bulu Village, Tonra District, Bone Regency, namely the procedure for making archives is good, but there is no method used that facilitates management by making it faster and more efficient. (2) The factors that encourage and hinder the improvement of administrative services are the public's appreciation of public service users, the clarity of technical and administrative requirements, and the knowledge of staff about the administrative service industry.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Pelayanan Publik di Kantor Satuan Administrasi Manunggal Satu Atap (SAMSAT) Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara
Authors: Ngabito Fatmah M , Potale Indri
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of organizational culture on improving organizational performance in performing public services in North Gorontalo Samsat, so in this study using a quantitative approach where this research uses data in the form of numbers and statistics to evaluate or explain the relationship between variables. The results showed that there was a simultaneous influence between organizational culture variables in the form of idealistic elements (X1) and behavioral elements (X2) on service performance at the North Gorontalo District Samsat office. The influence of organizational culture in the form of idealistic elements (X I ) and behavioral elements (X2) on public services at the Samsat Office of North Gorontalo Regency is 78, I °/c, there is an influence between organizational culture in the form of idealistic elements (X 1) on performance public service (Y) in the North Gorontalo District Samsat Office of 96.6°/c, and there is no influence between organizational culture variables in the form of behavioral elements (X2) on public service performance (Y) in the North Gorontalo District Samsat Office.
Pelaksanaan Pengolahan Sampah Pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kebersihan Kota Palembang
Authors: Sutinah Andaryani  , Dwikurniawati Ida Utami , Rusdi Rusdi
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze the waste management carried out by DLHK Palembang City. This study was a qualitative descriptive research. In collecting the research data, the writer conducted observation and interview, literature study and documentation. The results showed that the waste reduction activities implemented by the Environment and Sanitation Service Palembang were the establishment of  Garbage Bank and TPS 3R, providing socialization and technical guidance on waste management to community, issuing appeals, circulars and socialization on reducing plastic waste to retail entrepreneurs, using tumblers, and restrictions on using plastic bags. The amount of waste made in Palembang in 2020 was 426,390.66 tones, with waste reduction (19.79%) and waste management (76.69%), managed waste (96.49%) and unmanaged waste (3.51%). The waste composition was dominated by food waste. There were obstacles in waste management, where the Garbage Bank, TPS 3R, waste collectors did not operate due to crowd restrictions, reduced volume of segregated waste from waste sources, and lack of public awareness in waste segregation and the use of re-useable products
Ultra-Low Loaded Platinum Bonded Hexagonal Boron Nitride as Stable Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Tharangattu Narayanan Narayanan , Sadhukhan Rayantan , Kumar Amar , Prasanna Ponnappa K. , Guha Anku , Arenal Raul , Chakraborty Sudip
Published: September 2023

Chemical stability of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) ultra-thin layers in harsh electrolytes and the availability of nitrogen site to stabilize metals like Pt are used here to develop a high intrinsic activity hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst having low loaded Pt (5 weight% or < 1 atomic%). A catalyst having non-zero oxidation state for Pt (with a Pt-N bonding) is shown to be HER active even with low catalyst loadings (0.114 mgcm-2). Electronic modification of the shear exfoliated hBN sheets is achieved by Au nanoparticle-based surface decoration (hBN_Au), and further anchoring with Pt develops a catalyst (hBN_Au_Pt) with high turnover frequency for HER (~15), which is ~1.8 times higher than the benchmarked Pt/C HER catalyst. The hBN_Au_Pt is shown to be a highly durable catalyst even after the accelerated durability test for 10000 cycles and temperature annealing of 100 oC. Density functional theory-based calculations gave insights in to the electronic modifications of hBN with Au and the catalytic activity of the hBN_Au_Pt system, in line with the experimental studies, indicating the demonstration of a new class of catalyst system devoid of issues such as carbon corrosion and Pt leaching.
A Transfer Hydrogenation Approach to Activity-Based Sensing of Formate in Living Cells
Authors: Crossley Steven , Tenney Logan , Pham Vanha , Xie Xiao , Zhao Michelle , Chang Christopher
Published: September 2023

Formate is a major reactive carbon species in one-carbon metabolism, where it serves as an endogenous precursor for amino acid and nucleic acid biosynthesis and a cellular source of NAD(P)H. On the other hand, aberrant elevations in cellular formate are connected to progression of serious diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Traditional methods for formate detection in biological environments often rely on sample destruction and/or extensive processing, resulting in a loss of spatiotemporal information. To help address these limitations, here we present the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a first-generation activity-based sensing system for live-cell formate imaging that relies on iridium transfer hydrogenation catalysis. Formate facilitates an aldehyde-to alcohol conversion on various fluorophore scaffolds to enable fluorescence detection of this one-carbon unit, including through a two-color ratiometric response with internal calibration. The resulting two-component probe system can detect changes in formate levels in living cells with high selectivity over potentially competing biological analytes. Moreover, this activity-based sensing system can visualize changes in endogenous formate fluxes through alterations of one-carbon pathways in cell-based models of human colon cancer, presaging the potential utility of this chemical approach to probe the continuum between one-carbon metabolism and signaling in cancer and other diseases.
The Chemical Bond in the Di-Atomics, HX, where X = F,O,N,C,B,Be: Orbital Exchange Calculations
Authors: Merrithew Paul
Published: September 2023

This paper extends orbital exchange method calculations to include the series of di-atomic molecules, HX, where X = F,O,N,C,B and Be. In these molecules the hydrogen (H) can bond as both spin up and spin down with the two sigma electrons on X, thereby increasing the extent of bonding versus the normal single bond. The F,O,N and C of the HX molecules exhibit an [HX,H+X-] sigma resonance with the species in (0.75,0.25) proportion. The impact of this sigma resonance, in conjunction with the H spin up/down character, on the orbital overlaps and the bond energy is quantified. The molecules HB and HBe, while not showing resonance, do exhibit dual bonding resulting from the H spin up/down characteristic. The bond length results are within 0.006 Angstrom units of experiment. Dipole moments, that have been measured for the F,O,N and C molecules, are within 0.03 Debye of experiment. Bond energies are accurate to 0.1 electron volt. Precise bond energies are not obtained because of the difficulty in precisely defining the H orthogonalization parameters.
A neural network with embedded stoichiometry and thermodynamics for learning kinetics from reactor data
Authors: Kircher Tim , Döppel Felix , Votsmeier Martin
Published: September 2023

The digitalization of chemical research and industry is vastly increasing the available data for developing and parametrizing kinetic models. To exploit this data, machine learning approaches are needed that autonomously learn kinetic models from large amounts of reactor data. In this paper we develop such a tool. We present a neural network architecture that embeds thermodynamic and stoichiometric prior knowledge (STeNN) for the accurate, robust and data-efficient modelling of chemical kinetics. This network architecture is used in conjunction with neural ODEs to autonomously learn kinetic models directly from reactor data. Using the example of an adiabatic steam reformer, we demonstrate that our approach accurately recovers the true kinetics from reactor data, where conventional neural networks fail. It is further shown that the proposed framework can handle large datasets and learns kinetic models from up to 1000 reactor experiments in around ten minutes. Furthermore, due to the embedded physico-chemical knowledge, our model is robust to significant noise in the data, even in the low-data regime. We anticipate that our approach, in combination with emerging big data frameworks, will greatly increase the availability of accurate kinetic models, providing a boost to model-based reactor design and control.
DELFI: A computer oracle for recommending the best density functional for excited states calculations
Authors: Avagliano Davide , Skreta Marta , Arellano-Rubach Sebastian , Aspuru-Guzik Alán
Published: September 2023

Density functional theory is known as the workhorse of computational quantum chemistry. One of its main limitations, if not the main one, is that choosing the right functional to employ is a non-trivial task left for human experts. The choice is particularly hard for excited states calculations, when using the time-dependent formulation of DFT (TD-DFT). This is not only due to the approximations and limitations of the method, but also because the photophysical properties of a molecule are defined by a manifold of states that all need to be properly described in a balanced manner to obtain an accurate photochemical picture. This includes not only the relative energy of the states, but also capturing the correct character, order and intensity of the transitions. In this work, we developed a scoring system to quantitatively define the accuracy of an excited states calculation by simultaneously considering at the same time all these properties of a manifold of states. The scoring system is generalizable to any level of theory, we here applied it to a large dataset of organic molecules, calculating 38 scores for as many common functionals of different type and rung, against a higher accuracy method. We used these scores to train a graph attention neural network that is used to predict the 38 scores for molecules represented as 2D graphs. We call this oracle DELFI (Data-driven EvaLuation of Functionals by Inference), which can be used to predict the ranking of functionals to calculate optical properties of organic molecules. A corresponding web application allows to easily run DELFI and analyze the results, alleviating the hurdle of choosing the right functional for TD-DFT calculations.
Pressure-Induced Amidine Formation via Side-Chain Polymerization in a Charge-Transfer Cocrystal
Authors: Dunning Samuel , Tang Wan Si , Chen Bo , Zhu Li , Cody George , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali , Strobel Timothy
Published: September 2023

Compression of small molecules can induce solid-state reactions with products that are difficult or impossible to obtain through solution-phase synthesis. Of particular interest is the topochemical-like reaction of arenes to produce polymeric nanomaterials rich in sp3 carbon. However, high reaction onset pressures and poor control over high-pressure reaction selectivity remain significant challenges to be addressed. Herein, the incorporation of electron withdrawing/donating groups into π-stacked arenes is proposed as a strategy to reduce reaction barriers and onset pressures. Charge transfer cocrystals represent systems with optimal π-stacking and reduced energy barriers for intermolecular cycloaddition reactions, however, competing side-chain reactions between functional groups must also be considered. For the case of a diaminobenzene:tetracyanobenzene cocrystal, amidine formation between side groups is the first reaction to occur with an onset pressure near 9 GPa, as characterized using vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and computational studies. High-pressure reactivity is system-dependent and while functionalized arenes are predicted to exhibit reduced-barrier energy cycloaddition pathways, directed reactions between side groups can be used as a novel strategy for the formation unique polymeric materials.
Visible-Light-Mediated Diels-Alder Reactions Under Single-Chain Polymer Confinement: Investigating the Role of the Crosslinking Moiety on Catalyst Activity
Authors: Spicuzza Michael , Gaikwad Shweta , Huss Steve , Lee Annemarie , Craescu Cristina , Griggs Anna , Joseph Joshmi , Puthenpurayil Mark , Lin Wilson , Matarazzo Christopher , Baldwin Stanley , Perez Victoria , Rodriguez Diego , Swierk John , Elacqua Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

Macromolecular scaffolds are rapidly emerging in catalysis owing to the ability to control catalyst placement at precise locations in the framework. This often allows for cooperation in multi-catalytic reactions that may not be observed using small molecules, enabling high levels of reactivity. Herein, we describe a triphenylpyrylium (TPT)-based visible-light active single-chain polymer nanoparticle (SCNP) scaffold that facilitates the radical cation [4+2]-cycloaddition. In our studies, we find that the catalytic activity is highly dependent on the identity of the crosslinking group – incorporated in 5-10% overall – owing to its ability to act as a redox mediator in the Diels-Alder reaction. Mechanistic studies indicate that the vast majority of the TPT excited states are quenched by the acene, with the resultant radical cation formed from either naphthalene- or phenanthrene-based SCNPs able to proceed in oxidizing the dienophile in the elementary step of the reaction, leading to near quantitative yields of the cycloadduct. The TPT-SCNP demonstrates enhanced reactivity with low catalyst loadings when compared to small molecule TPT, and is also able to be recycled and reused in three iterations of the reaction prior to substantial drops in yield observed from photobleaching. Our results overall suggest that SCNPs feature multiple subtle design elements that can use as catalysts in diffusion-limited reactions.