bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Media convergence in social communication and cyberculture
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Yessenbekova U.M. , Mamankul A.A. ,   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Syzdykova A.A. ,   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kutym B. ,   Nazarbayev University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to a theoretical study of the role of media convergence in the formation of social communication and cyber culture. Comprehensive analysis showed that the convergence of mass media has become a defining factor in the interaction between people and the media. During the discussion of various aspects of media convergence and its place in public relations, connections with traditional culture, scientific conclusions were drawn. The study found how media convergence contributes to the development of cyberculture. People actively interact through social networks, forums, blogs and other online platforms, forming their own digital communities and groups. In the virtual space, they share their knowledge, interests and new ideas, thus creating modern forms of cyberculture. The authors showed that media convergence, driven by such active connections, increases the accessibility and convenience of information and entertainment.The final results of the article confirm that media convergence is an important determining factor in the formation of social communication and cyber culture. The influence of convergence on the relationship between people and the trajectory of the development of the information society as a whole is assessed.The findings of the study show that the study of convergent trends in the mass media helps to predict the development of the state and society, to develop strategies that direct social communication and virtual culture in a direction that is useful for society
Ways of disseminating international news in domestic mass media
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Tapanova S.E. , Makhanbetova A.Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: February 2024

The problem of researching the features and new methods of presenting news remains one of the most relevant areas of scientific thought. In the news such questions as “What is a genre? What is its function and what are the ways of presenting information?” are put in the first place. In the media market, journalists and specialists in the field of information services introduce more and more modern ways of providing information. Material “styling” is carried out using a wide range of tools. Today, the most important thing in this matter is the effectiveness of providing news, including all the details of the event, to the audience. World news in Kazakh journalism is presented on the basis of international media standards, preserving its own national identity. In this scientific article, we focus on how often the country’s mass communication media provide world news, where and how they get data for the purpose of revealing topics, and the importance of having their own reporters in other countries. Information that can be used as a basis for the article is preferably obtained from materials created based on data related to recent, current events. According to the topic of the scientific article, reference is made to the works of foreign scientists and specific theories are mentioned.
Integration of associative board games into the university learning process when studying media literacy (using the example of the board game «Media Labyrinth»)
Authors:   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Taishybai Z.S. , Shaikenova A.Z. ,   Suleyman Demirel University, Chinishlov V.V. ,   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University
Published: February 2024

The presented research paper examines the phenomenon of gamification, its importance for the educational process in higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, where work is systematically carried out to improve the level of media literacy of students, undergraduates of faculties and departments of journalism. The main purpose of this publication is to describe the game mechanisms that are most suitable for introduction into the educational process in the study of media literacy. According to the authors, these include a set of rules and designations underlying verbal and team associative games. Using a number of successful ideas of modern game design in the above direction, the team of the Department of Journalism of a regional university created an educational board game «Media Labyrinth». The theoretical significance of the article lies in the fact that the data revealed during the research can be used by teachers of higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the process of writing research papers, teaching aids within the framework of the studied issues, as well as in the preparation of lecture materials on the discipline «Media Literacy». The practical significance of this scientific work lies in the possibility of introducing the research results into the educational process in higher education (using the board game «Media Labyrinth» in the practical classes of journalism students). At the same time, the board game «Media Labyrinth» has the potential to become a universal means of increasing the level of media literacy, since it can have a positive impact not only on students studying Journalism, but also on students of other humanities, high school students with in-depth study of information technology.
An optimized deep learning-based fault-tolerant mechanism for energy efficient data transmission in IoT
Authors: Kumar Sidharth , Mahadev Mahadev , Goyal Reema , Kamal Preet , Aggarwal Alankrita
Published: February 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) based framework for the Internet of Things (IoTs) have gained worldwide attention in recent years, mainly with the explosion of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology. Basically, MEMS has facilitated the development of tiny and smart sensors for the IoT-based framework. An AI-based IoT model is an emerging technology that helps in both fault-tolerant as well as energy-efficient data transmission purposes. For efficient data transmission in an IoT-based model, the concept of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) plays a vital role that comprises various sensor nodes that communicate together to monitor and gather information from the various Region of Interest (RoI). Generally, sensor nodes are tiny in size and having a small battery life, limited sensing, processing, and communication capabilities. So, the fault-tolerant mechanism for energy efficient data transmission in IoT is a good initiative with the combination of Deep Learning as an AI approach. In this research article, the concept of deep learning-based fault-tolerant mechanism in IoT frameworks for energy efficient data transmission is proposed in an optimized manner. Here, the concept of the Grouped-Bee Colony (GBC) algorithm is designed for the fault detection mechanism as an optimization approach along with the Deep Learning as an AI.
СКЛАДОВІ ВАРТОСТІ СХЕМ КОМПЕНСАЦІЇ БІОРІЗНОМАНІТТЯ В ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ ВІД ЇХ ТИПУ
Authors: Кобзар Олена
Published: February 2024

У статті розглянуто основні типи схем компенсації втрат біорізноманіття при реалізації проектів економічного розвитку, що сьогодні використовуються у різних країнах світу. Зазначено, що від типу схем залежить вартість їх реалізації. Визначено, що основними складовими вартості реалізації схем зазвичай вважаються витрати на заходи з відтворення та подальшої підтримки біорізноманіття, а також складові, що залежать від способу врегулювання відносин власності щодо ділянки компенсації. Запропоновано при визначенні вартості схем в залежності від їх типу враховувати: вартість втраченого біорізноманіття між його знищенням та відтворенням; витрати на догляд відтвореного біорізноманіття протягом часу від початку здійснення послуги з компенсації біорізноманіття до моменту її купівлі; розмір компенсації місцевому населенню за втрату біорізноманіття; втрату всіх знищених компонентів навколишнього природного середовище.
The impact of digital transformation and the use of Whatsapp chatbot technology on the development of the creative economy in Deli district of Serdang
Authors: Nasution Anisah Salsabila , Nurbaiti Nurbaiti , Harahap Rahmat Daim
Published: February 2024

In our current revolutionary era, the digital economy is a projection of new talent that can inspire competitiveness. The digital economy is currently growing rapidly around the world, including Indonesia, as evidenced by the increasing number of internet users. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that ongoing digitization is not only benefiting those economic actors who can thrive with technological advances, but also creating inequalities for those who cannot keep up. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of digital transformation and the use of whatsapp chatbot technology on the development of the creative economy in Deli Serdang district. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research. The data source used is primary data by distributing questionnaires to respondents, in this case, creative economy actors in Deli Serdang district. The analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS 26 program. The results of the study state that the digital transformation and whatsapp chatbot variables have a positive and significant effect on the creative economy
The Role of North Sumatra MUI Through Empowerment Waqf Al Nuqud in Increasing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in North Sumatra
Authors: Yahya Muhammad Faishal , Juliati Nasution Yenni Samri , Imsar Imsar
Published: February 2024

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the economic units that play an important role in the Indonesian economy. In the process of developing this business, each MSME experienced many obstacles that hindered their production, including the difficulty of obtaining capital loans from conventional BANK. Therefore the MUI of North Sumatra as a government institution which is also the pioneer or manager of Waqf al Nuqud should make this issue a reference for determining optimal programs, especially in managing Waqf al Nuqud, so that the resulting output can touch and help MSMEs in Sumatra. North. The research method used is to use qualitative methods (qualitative research). The purpose of this study was to find out the role of the North Sumatra MUI in improving micro, small and medium enterprises through the empowerment of Waqf al Nuqud. Through the results of the researcher's analysis of the role of the North Sumatra MUI in improving MSMEs through empowering waqf al nuqud, namely 1) Forming a P2WP institution (Center for Productive Waqf Development), with the aim that the management of Waqf al Nuqud can be carried out in a structured way and an institution that is consistent in dealing with these issues, 2 ) Managing Waqaf al Nuqud in the form of Epowerment, including providing capital loans to MSMEs, establishing halalmarts and providing guidance in the form of business management workshops to MSMEs who have been given capital loans.
Relationship Between Physical Activity and Junk Food Consumption on the Incidence of Early Menarche
Authors: Elizabeth Beatrix , Giyaningtyas Ika Juita , Sartika Aprilina
Published: February 2024

Puberty is a period of change between childhood and adolescence towards adulthood. Early puberty or also called precocious puberty is when girls have signs of puberty before the age of 11 years. The incidence of early menarche in adolescents is increasing in Indonesia. Early menarche increases the risk of cancer such as breast cancer, abdominal obesity, fat accumulation in adipose tissue, cardovascular disease, hypertension and premarital pregnancy. In adolescence, lifestyles and habits change, and one of them is trying new foods. This study identifies whether there is an association between fast food factors and adolescent activity with the occurrence of early menarche. The results of the study on 40 elementary school students in Cikarang female students who did not have early menarche were 20 (50.0%) and female students who had early menarche were 20 (50.0%). In an unhealthy lifestyle and early menarche as many as 14 or 70.0% of students. As for the physical activity of sports schoolgirls with the category of light exercise and early menarche as many as 7 or 35.0%. in students often consume Fast Food and early menarche as many as 15 or 75.0%.
Work Posture Analysis of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) Complaints in MSME Workers Balloon Bouquet
Authors: Nurmaningsih Nurmaningsih , Hariyono Widodo , Hidayat Muhammad Syamsu
Published: February 2024

It is known that MSDs have become a health problem for workers in developing and developed countries over the past few years. Musculoskeletal disease is the second leading cause of disability in the world, with low back pain being the leading cause of disability. If referring to this explanation, the activities of MSME workers, balloon bouquets that can potentially cause musculoskeletal complaints, one of which is the activity of pumping balloons manually and stringing balloons with awkward postures and carrying out work with a sitting work posture which causes musculoskeletal problems, especially shoulder & waist problems because there is pressure on the spine. The type of research used by the author in this study is the qualitative method. Qualitative research researchers become the main instrument in collecting data that can be directly related to the instrument or object of research. Data collection method using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) observation sheet and Nordic Body Map (NBM) checklist sheet as well as interview guidelines. Workers often experience complaints of aches or pains both while working, and after doing work on the right shoulder, left shoulder, back, upper arm, forearm, and waist. The posture of workers when making a bouquet of balloons either when pumping, forming, or assembling balloons on average has a high risk level for complaints of musculoskeletal disorders because workers carry out work with a sitting, bending, squatting, and half-sitting work attitude, there are repetitive movements.
Accessibility and Affordability Impacts of Half Price Public Transport Fares in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Curl Angela , Coppens Anna , Dares Cushla , Williman Jonathan , Fitt Helen , Kingham Simon
Published: February 2024

Transport costs can constitute a large proportion of household budgets and restrict travel.

Reduced or free public transport fares are one strategy to address these affordability and accessibility challenges.

We analyse data from a 2022 transport survey to investigate participants perspectives and experiences of half price public transport fares in Ōtautahi Christchurch, a city in Aotearoa New Zealand.

We find that those experiencing transport poverty are likely to have benefitted in terms of widening access and reduced financial stress.
Application Of Deep Learning For Image Deepfake Detector Using Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Adhicitta Ananda
Published: February 2024

Social media has long been used by the public in general as a means of exchanging information. Behind this commonly exchange of information, hide the malicious intent of those who are not responsible for spreading false information or hoaxes. This false information, which can come in various forms such as images, sounds, or videos, can actually be useful when used as stock photos or simply used as caricatures and satire. Unfortunately, false information often used on famous people instead to make them look like they said or did something that never happened. This certainly needs to be controlled, one of which is by using deepfake detector that aims to recognize false information pattern. Deepfake detector utilizes the computer's ability to self-learn to recognize that invisible patterns in images using one of deep learning algorithms, namely Convolutional Neural Network, which converts images into a collection of arrays containing numbers and then performs mathematical operations repeatedly on each layer. The result of the mathematical operation can then be used as a reference to determine whether an image is real or hoax. Author’s deepfake detector application using Convolutional Neural Network, specifically using the Resnet-50 model on hoax images created using AI with the ProGAN model, appears to be able to detect hoax images with the same model, with an accuracy of 85%, precision of 100%, and recall of 65%, but appears to experience decrease in accuracy when used in deepfakes with other models such as StyleGAN and BigGAN.
The Using Of Information Systems To Calculate Z-Score And To Determination Of Stunting Categories In Toddlers
Authors: Widatama Krisna , Wahyu Setyaningsih Putry
Published: February 2024

Information technology is an inseparable part of human work today. It is growing very rapidly along with the human need for the speed at which information is processed until it is displayed to the user. Information systems are now widely used in all sectors, ranging from: economy, agriculture, health and so on. In the health sector, many health facilities have used information systems to improve services, one of which is Posyandu. Posyandu is the front line in providing family health services at the village level. Currently, Posyandu focus is preventing malnutrition or stunting. Standardization of stunt calculation data often changes. In addition, the calculation and documentation of toddler examination data is also still done manually. This has an impact on the efficiency of the performance of staff in determining toddlers who are affected by stunting. Data integration with the Ministry of Health is also a problem when recorded manually. Therefore, it is proposed that an information system that functions to perform Z-Score calculations and classify them into stunting or non-stunting groups. The existence of this information system can also support the government to encourage data integration between local governments and the center regarding stunting data. It is hoped that this information system can help the work efficiency of health cadres to record toddlers who fall into the Stunting category. In addition, it is also possible for the government to access data stored in the system to support data integration.
Optimizing Student Housing Search with MAUT-Based Dorm Finder Web System
Authors: Leo Andi , Lestari Imelda Linda , Wijaya Andri , Daniawan Benny
Published: February 2024

In response to the challenges faced by students in finding suitable temporary accommodations, this study introduces 'Dorm Finder,' a web-based information system utilizing Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT). This innovative platform is designed to assist students in locating boarding houses that align with their preferences, taking into account amenities, location, and rental prices. MAUT allows for a nuanced and personalized decision-making process, enabling students to assign importance to various attributes, simplifying their search. The study also addresses the growing demand for efficient housing solutions, as the number of university students has increased by 4.02% in 2022. The research extends to evaluating the system's impact, aiming to support students in their search for accommodations that meet their specific needs based on key attributes. This evaluation will inform the development of more effective MAUT-based systems in the future. The use of MAUT in this context, with its demonstrated effectiveness in decision-making processes, reinforces the potential efficacy of the Dorm Finder system. The 'Dorm Finder' system offers a tailored platform that provides comprehensive information and customizes the search experience for individual student preferences. The system's design and implementation ensure an intuitive and efficient user experience through strategic interface design, including color selection, layout, and interactivity, facilitating a straightforward and enjoyable user journey. The system’s potential to revolutionize the way students locate and select accommodations is a significant contribution to the digitalization of the housing search sector.
User Interface and User Experience Disaster Education Game Application Using Heuristic Evaluation
Authors: Subhana Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Natural disaster educational game application to introduce Raudhatul Athfal (RA) level students to learning and knowledge. A game application was created to make it easier to recognize and complete a stage in the form of a game operated via computer, making it additional learning how to use a computer and knowing how to responsive and alert when a disaster strikes, what should be done through this application game? In order to better measure students' abilities when using this application, it is necessary to assess several respondents, one of whom is the teachers at the school, to assess whether this application will be of interest or not in understanding how to use it and other components. The assessment process is through distributing questionnaires and filling in the results through respondents using a Likert scale with heuristic evaluation indicators filled in with the statement that this application is interesting at the class size level for RA (Raudatul Athfal) students with a Visibility of system status score of 74, Match between system and real world tea 71, User control and freedom 58, Consistency and standards 72, Error prevention 64, Recognition rather than recall 73, Flexibility and efficiency of use 78, Helps users recognize diagnose 66, Recovers user 75, Help and documentation 79 with a total score of 710 using the Likert scale formula.
Designing Home Security With Esp32-Cam and IoT-Based Alarm Notification Using Telegram
Authors: Kurniawan Hery , Hariyanto Susanto
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, technological advances have entered human life. One of the security system solutions is the use of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) as a monitoring medium, but it is still lacking. This is because more and more crimes are committed in homes where the owner is away. As a result, each home needs a security system that can protect the wealth and assets of the owner. Similarly, currently existing security systems are rarely able to provide data directly to homeowners if an outsider wants to commit a crime. So, research was conducted with the title "Home Security Design with ESP32-CAM and Internet of Things (IoT) Based Alarm Notification Using Telegram Application". With this device plan, it is believed that individuals who leave the house will feel safer. This device can detect an infrared wave produced by humans within its range and is equipped with an alarm/buzzer that produces output in the form of notifications on Telegram and alarm sounds on the device. The PIR sensor and ESP32-CAM integrated with the Telegram mobile device form the basis of this security system. This research has successfully implemented a device aimed at reducing home burglary issues by detecting human motion, triggering alarms, and enabling remote monitoring through Telegram. Additionally, the adapter utilized in the system produces an average voltage value of 5.196 V with an average error rate of approximately 3.9%.
Stock Forecasting Information System using the Holt-Winters Method
Authors: Agusman Johnathan
Published: February 2024

In sales, prediction is an important element carried out by traders to help their sales efforts. Predictions involve assessing future values based on historical data. Problems that can arise from the combination of stock and transactions. The aim of this research is to create a sales prediction system, monitor sales and input transactions. This research uses the Holt-Winters method to predict sales. The main goal is to implement the findings of this research into a web administration site. In this research, transaction data is used as a basis for predictions using the Holt-Winters method. The Holt-Winters method uses a series of actual values for predictions. Parameters like Alpha, Gamma, and Beta are defined for weighting, and initial values are calculated for Trend, Level, and Seasonality attributes to achieve predicted results. Evaluation of the Holt-Winters method in this research involves searching for the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) to determine the percentage of prediction error. The application of this research involves creating a website administration to assist sellers in combining transactions and available products. The average results of the evaluation of the administration of the website created resulted in a satisfaction percentage of 82.61%. This shows that the system can help in unifying transactions and products.
HPLC-UV Analysis of Flavonoid Glycosides in the Herb of Astragalus (A. dasyanthus, A. varius, A. testiculatus, A. henningii), Growing in the Volga Region
Authors: Matvienko U. A. , Durnova N. A. , Poluyanov A. M. , Bobkova N. V. , Ramenskaya G. V.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The search for new promising sources of biologically active substances is one of the tasks of modern pharmacognosy. Among the huge variety of species of the genus Astragalus L., only a few of them have been studied. In addition, none of them is included in the current edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. In our opinion, the study of four species of this genus of Astragalus L. (A. dasyanthus, A. varius, A. testiculatus, A. henningii) growing in the Volga region is of interest.

Aim. Study of the glycoside composition of flavonoids in the astragalus herb of four species (A. dasyanthus, A. varius, A. testiculatus, A. henningii) by HPLC-UV using external standards.

Materials and methods. The material was samples of astragalus grass (A. dasyanthus, A. varius, A. testiculatus, A. henningii), collected on the territory of the Saratov region in accordance with the basic rules of collection and preparation and dried to an air-dry state. Aqueous-alcoholic extracts (1 : 50) were analyzed. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoid glycosides was carried out on an Agilent 1260 chromatograph (Agilent Technologies, USA) equipped with a diode array detector, manual sample injection (Agilent G1328C manual injector, Agilent Technologies USA) and an Agilent Open Lab CDS system for collecting and processing chromatographic data. The elution gradient was selected individually using 0.1 % phosphoric acid/acetonitrile solution as solvents. Compounds were identified by retention times and UV spectra of reference standards (RS). The quantitative content of each detected component was expressed in mg/g of dry raw material. All studies were repeated five times, the results were statistically processed using MS Exсel 2010.

Results and discussion. The chromatographic profiles of aqueous-alcoholic extracts from the herbs of four types of astragalus were studied. Differences were found in both the qualitative composition and quantitative content of flavonoid glycosides in the grass of the analyzed species. The largest number of compounds was found in the herb of A. varius (6 compounds), 4 compounds were identified in the herb of A. dasyanthus and A. henningii, and 3 compounds were identified in the herb of A. testiculatus. The dominant components in the herb of A. henningii are orientin and rutin, in the herb of A. testiculatus and A. varius it is cynaroside, and in A. dasyanthus it is rutin.

Conclusion. A HPLC-UV method was developed for determining the quantitative content of flavonoid glycosides in extracts from the herbs of four species of astragalus (A. dasyanthus, A. varius, A. testiculatus, A. henningii) and the chromatographic profiles of the analyzed samples were studied.
Conhecimento das gestantes sobre a indução do trabalho de parto na atenção primária: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Abreu Lívia Rodrigues , Moura Ravan Leandro Chaves , Gomes Yanna Renara de Holanda , Sousa Thicyane Nitierlly Cunha Almeida de , Soares Brenda Nascimento Peruhype , Silva Yone Mara Rocha Santos e
Published: February 2024

Os critérios de exclusão para preenchimento desta filtragem foram: estudos duplicados, editoriais, artigos, estudos de caso, cartas ao editor, projetos-piloto, artigos não totalmente disponíveis on-line e que não fornecessem informações suficientes sobre o tema. Artigos e artigos que não permaneceram externos . Examine os descritores dos pesquisadores e identifique textos incompletos. A investigação sugere que existe uma grande variação no conhecimento das mulheres grávidas sobre a indução do parto e que muitas vezes existem lacunas na sua compreensão do procedimento e dos riscos associados. A educação pré-natal desempenha um papel importante na promoção do conhecimento das mulheres grávidas sobre a indução do parto. Um programa educativo sistemático e individualizado está associado ao aprofundamento do conhecimento deste tema nas gestantes. A educação pré-natal desempenha um papel fundamental na promoção do conhecimento das gestantes sobre a indução do parto. Um programa educacional estruturado e individualizado demonstrou ser eficaz para melhorar a compreensão das mulheres grávidas sobre este tema. Nesse sentido, é importante que os profissionais de saúde, especialmente os obstetras, desempenhem um papel na educação e orientação das gestantes e no fornecimento de informações claras, precisas e baseadas em evidências.
The Necropolitics of Drone Bases and Use in the African Context
Authors: Olumba Ezenwa E.
Published: February 2024

This paper critically evaluates the establishment of drone bases and the use of drones in several countries in Africa by Western and Arab nations. Despite the significant financial commitments needed, external forces continue to invest heavily in drone bases and operations across the continent, often promoted for the security of Africans. Using secondary sources, this paper employs the concept of ‘necropolitics’ to argue that these drone bases, along with the technologies emanating from them represent the deployment of ‘necropolitical technologies of domination’. The paper posits that such technologies enable external forces to control African airspaces and determine who lives and dies, thereby ensuring their acquiescence and subjugation under ‘aerial colonialism’. This paper challenges the prevailing discourse that drone operations primarily serve African interests, advocating for a critical reassessment and renegotiation of such partnerships guided by a pan-African strategy and protocol for drone deployment in African countries.
Application of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines for the treatment of ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhan Yongyi , Dai Yue , Ding Zhejing , Lu Mingtian , He Zehua , Chen Zhengwei , Liu Yongkang , Li Zhongliang , Cheng Guangsen , Peng Shaojun , Liu Yu
Published: February 2024

Ischemic stroke (IS) refers to local brain tissue necrosis which is caused by impaired blood supply to the carotid artery or vertebrobasilar artery system. As the second leading cause of death in the world, IS has a high incidence and brings a heavy economic burden to all countries and regions because of its high disability rate. In order to effectively treat IS, a large number of drugs have been designed and developed. However, most drugs with good therapeutic effects confirmed in preclinical experiments have not been successfully applied to clinical treatment due to the low accumulation efficiency of drugs in IS areas after systematic administration. As an emerging strategy for the treatment of IS, stimuli-responsive nanomedicines have made great progress by precisely delivering drugs to the local site of IS. By response to the specific signals, stimuli-responsive nanomedicines change their particle size, shape, surface charge or structural integrity, which enables the enhanced drug delivery and controlled drug release within the IS tissue. This breakthrough approach not only enhances therapeutic efficiency but also mitigates the side effects commonly associated with thrombolytic and neuroprotective drugs. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the recent progress of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines for the treatment of IS. Furthermore, prospect is provided to look forward for the better development of this field.
Evaluate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on dental implant osseointegration under type II diabetes
Authors: Wang Yingying , Cao Ximeng , Shen Yingyi , Zhong Qi , Wu Ziang , Wu Yaqin , Weng Weimin , Xu Chun
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the impact of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy on the peri-implant osteogenesis in a Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model.

Methods: A total of twenty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allocated into four groups: Control group, T2DM group, Control-LIPUS group, and T2DM-LIPUS group. Implants were placed at the rats’ bilateral maxillary first molar sites. The LIPUS treatment was carried out on the rats in Control-LIPUS group and T2DM-LIPUS group, immediately after the placement of the implants, over three consecutive weeks. Three weeks after implantation, the rats’ maxillae were extracted for micro-CT, removal torque value (RTV), and histologic analysis.

Results: Micro-CT analysis showed that T2DM rats experienced more bone loss around implant cervical margins compared with the non-T2DM rats, while the LIPUS treated T2DM rats showed similar bone heights to the non-T2DM rats. Bone-implant contact ratio (BIC) were lower in T2DM rats but significantly improved in the LIPUS treated T2DM rats. Bone formation parameters including bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone mineral density (BMD) and RTV were all positively influenced by LIPUS treatment. Histological staining further confirmed LIPUS’s positive effects on peri-implant new bone formation in T2DM rats.

Conclusion: As an effective and safe treatment in promoting osteogenesis, LIPUS has a great potential for T2DM patients to attain improved peri-implant osteogenesis. To confirm its clinical efficacy and to explore the underlying mechanism, further prospective cohort studies or randomized controlled trials are needed in the future.
When autophagy meets placenta development and pregnancy complications
Authors: Zhou Pei , Wang Junqi , Wang Jun , Liu Xiaomei
Published: February 2024

Autophagy is a common biological phenomenon in eukaryotes that has evolved and reshaped to maintain cellular homeostasis. Under the pressure of starvation, hypoxia, and immune damage, autophagy provides energy and nutrients to cells, which benefits cell survival. In mammals, autophagy is an early embryonic nutrient supply system involved in early embryonic development, implantation, and pregnancy maintenance. Recent studies have found that autophagy imbalance in placental tissue plays a key role in the occurrence and development of pregnancy complications, such as gestational hypertension, gestational obesity, premature birth, miscarriage, and intrauterine growth restriction. This mini-review summarizes the molecular mechanism of autophagy regulation, the autophagy pathways, and related factors involved in placental tissue and comprehensively describes the role of autophagy in pregnancy complications.
Therian origin of INSL3/RXFP2-driven testicular descent in mammals
Authors: Menzies Brandon R. , Tarulli Gerard A. , Frankenberg Stephen R. , Pask Andrew J.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: During early development in most male mammals the testes move from a position near the kidneys through the abdomen to eventually reside in the scrotum. The transabdominal phase of this migration is driven by insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) which stimulates growth of the gubernaculum, a key ligament connecting the testes with the abdominal wall. While all marsupials, except the marsupial mole (Notoryctes typhlops), have a scrotum and fully descended testes, it is unclear if INSL3 drives this process in marsupials especially given that marsupials have a different mechanism of scrotum determination and position relative to the phallus compared to eutherian mammals.

Methods: To understand if INSL3 plays a role in marsupial testicular descent we have sequenced and curated the INSL3 gene and its receptor (RXFP2) in a range of marsupials representing every order. Furthermore, we looked at single cell RNA-seq and qPCR analysis of INSL3 in the fat-tailed dunnart testis (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) to understand the location and timing of expression during development.

Results: These data show a strong phylogenetic similarity between marsupial and eutherian orthologues, but not with monotreme INSL3s which were more similar to the ancestral RLN3 gene. We have also shown the genomic location of INSL3, and surrounding genes is conserved in a range of marsupials and eutherians. Single cell RNA-seq and qPCR data show that INSL3 mRNA is expressed specifically in Leydig cells and expressed at higher levels during the testicular descent phase in developing marsupials.

Discussion: Together, these data argue strongly for a therian origin of INSL3 mediated testicular descent in mammals and suggests that a coordinated movement of the testes to the abdominal wall may have preceded externalization in marsupials and therian mammals.
Mitochondrial dysfunction and therapeutic perspectives in osteoporosis
Authors: Liu Jialing , Gao Zhonghua , Liu Xiangjie
Published: February 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, resulting in heightened vulnerability to fractures due to increased bone fragility. This condition primarily arises from an imbalance between the processes of bone resorption and formation. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported to potentially constitute one of the most crucial mechanisms influencing the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In essence, mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining the delicate equilibrium between bone formation and resorption, thereby ensuring optimal skeletal health. Nevertheless, disruption of this delicate balance can arise as a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. In dysfunctional mitochondria, the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) becomes uncoupled, resulting in reduced ATP synthesis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reinforcement of mitochondrial dysfunction is further exacerbated by the accumulation of aberrant mitochondria. In this review, we investigated and analyzed the correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction, encompassing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) impairment, mitophagy dysregulation, defects in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, as well as excessive ROS accumulation, with regards to OP (Figure 1). Furthermore, we explore prospective strategies currently available for modulating mitochondria to ameliorate osteoporosis. Undoubtedly, certain therapeutic strategies still require further investigation to ensure their safety and efficacy as clinical treatments. However, from a mitochondrial perspective, the potential for establishing effective and safe therapeutic approaches for osteoporosis appears promising.
Large eddy simulation of a turbulent flow in a 5 x 5 rod bundle with a mixing vane spacer grid
Authors: Lu Chuan , Du Zhaohui
Published: February 2024

In fuel assemblies of pressurized water reactors (PWRs), mixing-vane spacer grids are extensively employed to array fuel rods and enhance inter- and intra-subchannel mixing. The turbulent flow downstream of spacer grids is essential knowledge to support the design of spacer grids and mixing vanes. As a high-fidelity approach for turbulence simulation, large eddy simulation (LES) results are assessed with the high-resolution flow field measured with particle image velocimetry (PIV). The LES results reveal a mixing vane effect on vortex structures and Reynolds stresses. The mechanism of vortex generation at the mixing vanes and the development downstream of the spacer grid are visualized by the Q-criterion. The distributions of the root mean square fluctuating velocity and Reynolds stresses decay rapidly downstream of the spacer grid. The secondary flow intensity downstream of the spacer grid predicted by LES is evaluated and follows an exponentially decaying law with distance from the spacer grid.
Centring localised indigenous concepts of wellbeing in urban nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation: case-studies from Aotearoa New Zealand and the Cook Islands
Authors: Mihaere Shannon , Holman-Wharehoka Māia-te-oho , Mataroa Jovaan , Kiddle Gabriel Luke , Pedersen Zari Maibritt , Blaschke Paul , Bloomfield Sibyl
Published: February 2024

Nature-based solutions (NbS) offer significant potential for climate change adaptation and resilience. NbS strengthen biodiversity and ecosystems, and premise approaches that centre human wellbeing. But understandings and models of wellbeing differ and continue to evolve. This paper reviews wellbeing models and thinking from Aotearoa New Zealand, with focus on Te Ao Māori (the Māori world and worldview) as well as other Indigenous models of wellbeing from wider Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa Oceania. We highlight how holistic understandings of human-ecology-climate connections are fundamental for the wellbeing of Indigenous peoples of Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa Oceania and that they should underpin NbS approaches in the region. We profile case study experience from Aotearoa New Zealand and the Cook Islands emerging out of the Nature-based Urban design for Wellbeing and Adaptation in Oceania (NUWAO) research project, that aims to develop nature-based urban design solutions, rooted in Indigenous knowledges that support climate change adaptation and wellbeing. We show that there is great potential for nature-based urban adaptation agendas to be more effective if linked closely to Indigenous ecological knowledge and understandings of wellbeing.
Enhancing the sustainability of cherry blossom landscapes-a case study in Fujian Province, China
Authors: Peng Hongjun , Li Ping , Zhu Rong
Published: February 2024

Utilizing flowering cherries to enhance suburban landscapes and attract public recreation holds significant economic and social value. However, the current quality of the cherry landscape is compromised due to the absence of variety selection and planning in planting and design. Based on the analysis of public preference, there is significant importance in boosting the sustainability of cherry blossom landscape. However, related research in this domain still needs to be explored. This study examined four representative cherry blossom landscapes in Fujian Province to assess the landscape quality and growth of existing cherry varieties. Subsequently, an improvement model of cherry blossom landscape quality was developed based on image semantic segmentation, aiming to quantify landscape elements. The findings indicated that: (1) There were a total of 46 cherry varieties blooming from January to March in the four representative cherry blossom landscapes. The health grades distribution was as follow: Grade I accounted for 41.3%, Grade II for 39.1%, Grade III for 8.7%, Grade IV for 6.5%, and Grade V for 4.4%. (2) The highest marginal benefit for flake planting was observed when the flowering ratio exceeded 60% or was less than 15%. In contrast, the optimal flowering ratio for the linear cherry blossom landscape for maximum marginal benefit was over 30.0%. (3) The outcomes of the scenic beauty model revealed that the five major factors influencing the scenic beauty were the scene cleanliness (38.04%), plant color composition (25.59%), road (17.79%), plant type (12.88%) and building (2.70%). The results of this study provide valuable objective data references for the planning, design and management of cherry blossom landscapes.
The gene expression of CALD1, CDH2, and POSTN in fibroblast are related to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wu Shufei , Liu Mengying , Zhang Mingrui , Ye Xu , Gu Huimin , Jiang Cheng , Zhu Huihui , Ye Xiaoling , Li Qi , Huang Xinmei , Cao Mengshu
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive lung dysfunction due to excessive collagen production and tissue scarring. Despite recent advancements, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods

RNA sequencing identified 475 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the TGF-β1-induced primary lung fibrosis model. Gene expression chips GSE101286 and GSE110147 from NCBI gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed using GEO2R, revealing 94 DEGs in IPF lung tissue samples. The gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment, Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) scoring were performed. Experimental validation included RT-qPCR, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western Blot, with siRNA used for gene knockdown. A co-expression network was constructed by GeneMANIA.

Results

GO enrichment highlighted significant enrichment of DEGs in TGF-β cellular response, connective tissue development, extracellular matrix components, and signaling pathways such as the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction. PPI network analysis identified hub genes, including FN1, COL1A1, POSTN, KIF11, and ECT2. CALD1 (Caldesmon 1), CDH2 (Cadherin 2), and POSTN (Periostin) were identified as dysregulated hub genes in both the RNA sequencing and GEO datasets. Validation experiments confirmed the upregulation of CALD1, CDH2, and POSTN in TGF-β1-treated fibroblasts and IPF lung tissue samples. IHC experiments probed tissue-level expression patterns of these three molecules. Knockdown of CALD1, CDH2, and POSTN attenuated the expression of fibrotic markers (collagen I and α-SMA) in response to TGF-β1 stimulation in primary fibroblasts. Co-expression analysis revealed interactions between hub genes and predicted genes involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation and cell-cell junction organization.

Conclusions

CALD1, CDH2, and POSTN, identified as potential contributors to pulmonary fibrosis, present promising therapeutic targets for IPF patients.
The significance of targeting lysosomes in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Yanxin , Shao Bo , Zhang Yafeng
Published: February 2024

Lysosomes are intracellular digestive organelles that participate in various physiological and pathological processes, including the regulation of immune checkpoint molecules, immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment, antigen presentation, metabolism, and autophagy. Abnormalities or dysfunction of lysosomes are associated with the occurrence, development, and drug resistance of tumors. Lysosomes play a crucial role and have potential applications in tumor immunotherapy. Targeting lysosomes or harnessing their properties is an effective strategy for tumor immunotherapy. However, the mechanisms and approaches related to lysosomes in tumor immunotherapy are not fully understood at present, and further basic and clinical research is needed to provide better treatment options for cancer patients. This review focuses on the research progress related to lysosomes and tumor immunotherapy in these