bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional Nanoparticles as Radiosensitizers to Overcome Hypoxia-Associated Resistance in Cancer Radiotherapy
Authors: Chen Ming-Hong , Yiu Hon-Pan , Wang Yu-Chi , Liu Tse-Ying , Li Chuan
Published: December 2024

Hypoxia, a phenomenon that occurs when the oxygen level in tissues is lower than average, is commonly observed in human solid tumors. For oncological treatment, the hypoxic environment often results in radioresistance and chemoresistance. In this study, a new multifunctional oxygen carrier, carboxymethyl hexanoyl chitosan (CHC) nanodroplets decorated with perfluorohexane (PFH) and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanodroplets (SPIO@PFH-CHC), was developed and investigated. PFH-based oxygen carriers can augment oxygenation within tumor tissues, thereby mitigating radioresistance. Concurrently, oxygenation can cause deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage via oxygen fixation and consequently suppress cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, these pH-sensitive nanodroplets allow higher cellular uptake with minimal cytotoxicity. Two distinctive mechanisms of SPIO@PFH-CHC nanodroplets were found in this study. The SPIO nanoparticles of the SPIO@PFH-CHC nanodroplets can generate hydroxyl radicals (HO•) and other reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is vital to chemodynamic therapy (CDT) via the Fenton reaction. Meanwhile, the higher X-ray absorption among these nanodroplets leads to a local energy surge and causes more extensive deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage via oxygen fixation. This study demonstrates that low cytotoxic SPIO@PFH-CHC nanodroplets can be an efficient radiosensitizer for radiation therapy.
Interactions Between Potentially Toxic Nanoparticles (Cu, CuO, ZnO, and TiO2) and the Cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis: Biological Adaptations to Xenobiotics
Authors: Rudi Ludmila , Cepoi Liliana , Chiriac Tatiana , Djur Svetlana
Published: December 2024

(1) Background: The widespread use of nanoparticles (NPs) implies their inevitable contact with living organisms, including aquatic microorganisms, making it essential to understand the effects and consequences of this interaction. Understanding the adaptive responses and biochemical changes in microalgae and cyanobacteria under NP-induced stress is essential for developing biotechnological strategies that optimize biomolecule production while minimizing potential toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the interactions between various potentially toxic nanoparticles and the cyanobacterial strain Arthrospira platensis, focusing on the biological adaptations and biochemical mechanisms that enable the organism to withstand xenobiotic exposure. (2) Methods: The cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis CNMN-CB-02 was cultivated under optimal laboratory conditions in the presence of CuNPs, CuONPs, ZnONPs, and TiO2NPs. Biochemical analyses were performed on the collected biomass. (3) Results: Various interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and the cyanobacterial culture were identified, ranging from hormetic effects at low concentrations to evident toxic effects at high concentrations. NP toxicity was observed through the reduction in photosynthetic pigments and the disappearance of phycobiliproteins. Notably, NP toxicity was not always accompanied by increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. (4) Conclusions: Arthrospira platensis exhibits unique adaptive mechanisms under NP-induced stress, offering the potential for controlled NP applications in biotechnology. Future research should further explore the relationship between nanoparticle types and cyanobacterial responses to optimize biomolecule production.
Nanosized κ-Carbide and B2 Boosting Strength Without Sacrificing Ductility in a Low-Density Fe-32Mn-11Al Steel
Authors: He Changwei , Shen Yongfeng , Xue Wenying , Fan Zhijian , Zhou Yiran
Published: December 2024

High-performance lightweight materials are urgently needed because of energy savings and emission reduction. Here, we design a new steel with a low density of 6.41 g/cm3, which is a 20% weight reduction compared to the conventional steel. The mechanical properties and microstructures of the steels prepared with different routes are systematically explored by utilizing uniaxial tensile testing and transmission electron microscopy. The steel processed by cold rolling and recrystallization annealing at 950 °C for 15 min shows an ultra-high yield strength of 1241 ± 10 MPa, while retaining a good ductility of 38 ± 1%. The high yield strength is mainly related to the synergistic precipitation strengthening introduced by nanoscale B2 and κ′-carbides. It is encouraging to notice that the yield strength increased without scarifying ductility, compared to the ST steel. The key reason is that the high strain hardening rate is activated by combined factors, including the blockage of numerous twins and nanoscale B2 to the dislocation movements, and dynamic slip band refinement. This study is instructive for concurrently enhancing the strength and ductility of austenitic lightweight steels with fully recrystallized grains and dual nano-precipitates.
A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud
Authors: Liu Qing , Ying Wanying , Gou Hailing , Li Minghui , Huang Ke , Xu Renyuan , Ding Guanzhi , Wang Pengyu , Chen Shuoping
Published: December 2024

This study is the first to convert two waste materials, waste rice noodles (WRN) and red mud (RM), into a low-cost, high-value magnetic photocatalytic composite. WRN was processed via a hydrothermal method to produce a solution containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Simultaneously, RM was dissolved in acid to form a Fe3+ ion-rich solution, which was subsequently mixed with the CQDs solution and underwent hydrothermal treatment. During this process, the Fe3+ ions in RM were transformed into the maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) phase, while CQDs were incorporated onto the γ-Fe2O3 surface, resulting in the CQDs/γ-Fe2O3 magnetic photocatalytic composite. Experimental results demonstrated that the WRN-derived CQDs not only facilitated the formation of the magnetic γ-Fe2O3 phase but also promoted a synergistic interaction between CQDs and γ-Fe2O3, enhancing electron-hole pair separation and boosting the production of reactive radicals such as O2·− and ·OH. Under optimized conditions (pH = 8, carbon loading: 10 wt%), the CQDs/γ-Fe2O3 composite exhibited good photocatalytic performance against methylene blue, achieving a 97.6% degradation rate within 480 min and a degradation rate constant of 5.99 × 10−3 min−1, significantly outperforming RM and commercial γ-Fe2O3 powder. Beyond methylene blue, this composite also effectively degraded common organic dyes, including malachite green, methyl violet, basic fuchsin, and rhodamine B, with particularly high efficiency against malachite green, reaching a degradation rate constant of 5.465 × 10−2 min−1. Additionally, due to its soft magnetic properties (saturation magnetization intensity: 16.7 emu/g, residual magnetization intensity: 2.2 emu/g), the material could be conveniently recovered and reused after photocatalytic cycles. Even after 10 cycles, it retained over 98% recovery and 96% photocatalytic degradation efficiency, underscoring its potential for cost-effective, large-scale photocatalytic water purification.
Lactobacillus helveticus Induces Two Types of Dendritic Cell Activation and Effectively Suppresses Onset of the Common Cold: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Wada Hiroka , Mawatari Takashi , Saito Yasuo , Azuma Naoki , Iwama Yoshitaka
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Lactobacillus helveticus GCL1815 is a lactic acid bacterium thought to activate dendritic cells. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study aimed to evaluate the effects of L. helveticus GCL1815 on human dendritic cells and the onset of the common cold. Methods: Two hundred participants were divided into two groups and took capsules containing either six billion L. helveticus GCL1815 cells or placebo for 8 weeks. Results: In the GCL1815 group, the cumulative incidence days of symptoms such as feverishness, fatigue, tiredness, runny nose, nasal congestion, and phlegm were significantly lower than in the placebo group. Moreover, the change in the expression of HLA-DR on plasmacytoid dendritic cells was significantly higher in the GCL1815 group than in the placebo group at 4 and 8 weeks of intake. The expression of CD86 on plasmacytoid dendritic cells was significantly increased in the GCL1815 group at 4 and 8 weeks compared with before intake. Additionally, the expression of HLA-DR on type 1 conventional dendritic cells was significantly higher in the GCL1815 group than in the placebo group at 8 weeks of intake. The expression of CD86 on type 1 conventional dendritic cells significantly decreased in the placebo group but remained statistically the same in the GCL1815 group after intake compared with before. Conclusions: These results suggest that GCL1815 intake may enhance the response to viruses by activating two types of dendritic cells, thereby preventing the onset of systemic and local common colds in healthy adults.
Hepatitis C Virus–Pediatric and Adult Perspectives in the Current Decade
Authors: Kerkar Nanda , Hartjes Kayla
Published: December 2024

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects both pediatric and adult populations and is an important cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. There are differences in the screening and management of HCV between pediatric and adult patients, which have been highlighted in this review. Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) have made the cure of HCV possible, and fortunately, these medications are approved down to three years of age. However, treatment in the pediatric population has its own set of challenges. The World Health Organization (WHO) has made a pledge to eliminate HCV as a public health threat by 2030. Despite this, HCV continues to remain a global health burden, leading to cirrhosis as well as hepatocellular carcinoma, and is a reason for liver transplantation in the adult population. Although rare, these complications can also affect the pediatric population. A variety of new technologies t have become available in the current era and can advance our understanding of HCV are discussed. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, liver organoids, and liver-on-chip are some examples of techniques that have the potential to contribute to our understanding of the disease and treatment process in HCV. Despite efforts over several decades, a successful vaccine against HCV has yet to be developed. This would be an important tool to help in worldwide efforts to eliminate the virus.
Changes in the Microbiome During Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: de Mezer Mateusz , Chalama Nina , Bratt Cheyanna , Kiebalo Melanie , Dolata Natalia , Rogaliński Jan , Leszczyńska Małgorzata
Published: December 2024

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease of the paranasal sinuses with a yet unknown etiology. As studies continue to elucidate the disease’s heterogeneity inflammatory profile and presentation, there is a growing interest in the influence of the nasal microbiome on disease pathogenesis and chronicity. The sinus microbiota appear dominated by the Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium genera; known upper airway pathogens, such as Haemophilus influenza, are present in the upper airways of healthy individuals, though at relatively lower abundances than in CRS patients. Viral culprits may induce an unhindered local immune response that contributes to the recurrence and chronicity of inverted papillomas—benign mucosal lesions with the propensity for local destruction and malignant transformation that can be found in patients with a history of nasal infection. The persistence of inverted papillomas warrants investigation into their pathogenesis and how they may contribute to a nasal landscape promoting the chronicity of CRS. Further investigation is needed to uncover the interplay between resident microbiota and viral, fungal, and immunological influence. Discerning between ‘healthy’ and ‘diseased’ sinonasal microbiomes and ‘keystone’ species could shed light on CRS etiology and provide the opportunity for CRS treatment tailored to an individual’s microbiome. This review aims to explore the interrelation of microbial residents in the pathogenesis and chronicity of the diseased sinonasal environment.
First Report of SNPs Detection in TMEM154 Gene in Sheep from Poland and Their Association with SRLV Infection Status
Authors: Materniak-Kornas Magdalena , Piórkowska Katarzyna , Ropka-Molik Katarzyna , Musiał Adrianna Dominika , Kowalik Joanna , Kycko Anna , Kuźmak Jacek
Published: December 2024

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) infect sheep, causing a multiorganic disease called maedi-visna or ovine progressive pneumonia, which significantly affects the production and welfare of sheep, generating serious economic losses. Although not all infected animals develop fully symptomatic disease, they constantly spread the virus in the flock. Since the infection is incurable and no vaccine is available, another approach is necessary to control SRLV infections. In recent years, an alternative for culling infected animals has become the approach based on identifying genetic markers for selecting SRLV-resistant individuals. Recent reports revealed several candidates, including gene encoding transmembrane protein 154 (TMEM154). Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are found within this gene in sheep of different breeds, but only some can be considered as resistant markers. This study aimed to investigate the presence of single polymorphic sites in TMEM154 gene in sheep of selected Polish flocks and assess their association with the infection and proviral load in the context of susceptibility to SRLV infection. In total 107 sheep, representing three breeds, were screened for their SRLV infection status by serological and PCR testing. All these animals were also genotyped to characterize the presence of SNPs in TMEM154 gene and estimate their potential of being the SRLV-resistance marker. The frequency of identified alleles differed among breeds. Moreover, the positive association between TMEM154 genotype and SRLV status was found for E35K polymorphism and two polymorphic sites in 5′UTR in one of analyzed breed. However, when the relationship between SNPs and SRLV proviral load was analyzed, five had a strong association, considering the whole population of tested sheep. Presented data, for the first time, identified the presence of SNPs in TMEM154 gene in sheep housed in Polish flocks and suggested that selecting SRLV-resistant animals based on this analysis might be possible, but further validation in a larger group of sheep is required.
Flaviviruses—Induced Neurological Sequelae
Authors: Cody Samantha Gabrielle , Adam Awadalkareem , Siniavin Andrei , Kang Sam S. , Wang Tian
Published: December 2024

Flaviviruses, a group of single-stranded RNA viruses spread by mosquitoes or ticks, include several significant neurotropic viruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). These viruses can cause a range of neurological diseases during acute infection, from mild, flu-like symptoms to severe and fatal encephalitis. A total of 20–50% of patients who recovered from acute flavivirus infections experienced long-term cognitive issues. Here, we discuss these major neurotropic flaviviruses-induced clinical diseases in humans and the recent findings in animal models and provide insights into the underlying disease mechanisms.
Hepatobiliary Adverse Events Associated with Pembrolizumab: A Pharmacovigilance Study from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database
Authors: Frey Connor
Published: December 2024

Background: Immuno-oncology has transformed cancer treatment, with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like pembrolizumab playing a key role. While highly effective, these therapies can also cause immune-related adverse events. This study examines the incidence and characteristics of hepatobiliary adverse events (AEs) linked to pembrolizumab, using data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Objective: To investigate the rates of hepatobiliary AEs linked to pembrolizumab, providing insights into the risks of liver and biliary system damage in patients prescribed pembrolizumab. Methods: This study utilized the FAERS database via OpenVigil 2.1. Adverse events (AEs) related to pembrolizumab were identified and compared to those associated with other drugs. Reporting odds ratios (RORs) were calculated to assess the likelihood of hepatobiliary AEs in pembrolizumab-treated patients. Results: In total, 594 hepatic AEs and 181 biliary AEs were identified. Significant hepatic AEs included elevated ALT (ROR 3.00, 95% CI: 2.685–3.351), hepatotoxicity (ROR 6.436, 95% CI: 5.72–7.242), and hepatic cytolysis (ROR 15.721, 95% CI: 13.854–17.84). Immune-mediated hepatitis exhibited the highest ROR of 346.716 (95% CI: 303.568–395.997). For biliary AEs, cholangitis (ROR 19.597, 95% CI: 16.852–22.791) and sclerosing cholangitis (ROR 24.735, 95% CI: 19.888–30.763) were the most prominent. Conclusions: Pembrolizumab is associated with a significant risk of hepatobiliary adverse events, particularly immune-mediated hepatitis and cholangitis. The elevated RORs for these conditions highlight the importance of close monitoring and managing liver and biliary functions in patients undergoing pembrolizumab checkpoint blockade. These findings emphasize the need for personalized treatment strategies to mitigate risks and optimize outcomes in cancer immunotherapy, especially for those with preexisting hepatobiliary conditions.
Goniopolarimetric Properties of Typical Satellite Material Surfaces: Intercomparison with Semi-Empirical pBRDF Modeled Results
Authors: Yang Min , Mao Hongxia , Wu Jun , Zheng Chong , Wang Li
Published: December 2024

Light reflected from satellite surfaces is polarized light, which plays a crucial role in space target identification and remote sensing. To deepen our understanding of the polarized reflectance property for satellite material surface, we present the experiments of polarimetric laboratory measurements from two typical satellite materials in the wavelength range of 400–1000 nm by using a goniometer instrument. The bidirectional polarized reflectance factor (BPRF) is used to describe the polarization characteristics of our samples. The polarized spectral reflectance and distribution of BPRF for our datasets are analyzed. Furthermore, five semi-empirical polarized bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (pBRDFs) models for polarized reflectance of typical satellite material surfaces (Preist–Germer model, Maxwell–Beard model, three-component model, Cook–Torrance model, and Kubelka–Munk model) are quantitatively intercompared using the measured BPRFs. The results suggest that the measured BPRFs of our samples are spectrally irrelevant, and the hemispherical distribution of BPRFs is obviously anisotropic. Except for the Preist–Germer model, the other semi-empirical models are in good agreement with the measured BPRF at the selected wavelengths, indicating that we can accurately simulate the polarized reflectance property of the satellite surface by using the existing polarimetric models. The Kubelka–Munk pBRDF model best fits the silver polyimide film and white coating surfaces with RMSE equal to 3.25% and 2.03%, and the correlation coefficient is 0.994 and 0.984, respectively. This study can be applied to provide an accurate pBRDF model for space object scene simulation and has great potential for polarization remote sensing.
Characterizing Viscoelasticity of Corneal Stromal Models Using Non-Contact Air-Pulse Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE) and Validating Using Ramp–Hold Relaxation Testing
Authors: Zhang Yilong , Feng Zhengshuyi , Huang Zhihong , Li Chunhui
Published: December 2024

Corneal biomechanical properties are closely related to the cornea’s physiological and pathological conditions, primarily determined by the stromal layer. However, little is known about the influence of corneal cell interaction on the viscoelasticity of the stromal extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, collagen-based hydrogels incorporated with keratocytes were reconstructed as corneal stromal models. Air-pulse optical coherence elastography (OCE) was used to characterize the viscoelastic properties of the corneal models. Plate compression, ramp–hold relaxation testing was performed on the initial corneal models. The findings demonstrated that the elastic modulus increased 5.27, 2.65 and 1.42 kPa, and viscosity increased 0.22, 0.06 and 0.09 Pa·s in the stromal models with initial collagen concentrations of 3, 5, and 7 mg/mL over 7 days. The elastic modulus and viscosity exhibited high correlation coefficients between air-pulse OCE and ramp–hold relaxation testing, with 92.25% and 98.67%, respectively. This study enhances the understanding of the influence of cell–matrix interactions on the corneal viscoelastic properties and validates air-pulse OCE as an accurate method for the mechanical characterization of tissue-engineered materials.
Soil–Plant Characterization in Agrosilvopastoral System Established in a Fe-Mn Abandoned Mine After Long-Term Closure
Authors: Santos Erika S. , Abreu Maria Manuela , Rossini-Oliva Sabina
Published: December 2024

Small abandoned mining areas of Fe and Mn oxides located in the Portuguese sector of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (SW of Europe) have been converted into agrosilvopastoral systems with very few environmental management measures after their closure. Although at the landscape scale, no visible differences were observed between the former mining intervention areas and adjacent areas, it is essential to assess the state and environmental risk of the soil–plant system, especially in the herbaceous pastures grazed by domestic animals. This was carried out in the Ferragudo mining area, where an agrosilvopastoral system, composed of holm oak and dryland pasture, had been established after the closure of the mine at ≈45 years. The soils presented neutral pH and variable fertility degree. The pseudo-total soil concentrations of Cu, Mo, and Zn exceeded the Portuguese limit values established for agriculture use (>180 mg Cu/kg; >8.2 mg Mo/kg; 349 mg Zn/kg), but their soil available fractions were small (<8.4% of the pseudo-total concentrations). Trees and herbaceous plants showed good development, and the concentrations of the elements (except Mn) were considered normal or sufficient. For Mn, most of the plant samples exceeded phytotoxic Mn values, but no visual signs of phytotoxicity were observed. Only the concentrations of Fe and K in the shoots of some herbaceous samples exceeded the maximum tolerable levels for cattle and sheep, so the risk to animals can be considered small since other sources are present in animal feed. In general, this agrosilvopastoral system did not pose a significant environmental risk.
Assessing Feed Color Preference of Broilers During the Starter Phase
Authors: Vargas Jose I. , McConnell Abigail D. , Gulizia Joseph P. , Pacheco Wilmer J. , Downs Kevin M.
Published: December 2024

Chickens possess a well-developed vision that allows them to perceive a wide range of the color spectrum. In addition, they display an inherent sensitivity toward specific light spectra, which suggests that coloring feed could influence feed preference, feed intake and growth performance. This trial assessed the effect of feed coloring on broiler feed color preferences. A total of 216 day-old Cobb by-product males were randomly distributed into 18 battery cages, each containing 12 chicks and subjected to three dietary treatments from 1 to 21 days, resulting in six replicates per dietary treatment. Feed color treatments consisted of a common corn–soybean meal-based undyed basal (UB) broiler starter diet, which was dyed to obtain blue-colored (B) and purple-colored (P) diets, resulting in a total of three diets used to create the feed combinations. Two feed troughs were affixed to each cage, allowing for the assignment of dietary treatments as follows: UB-B, UB-P, and B-P. The birds had ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study. Feed consumption data were collected at 7-day intervals. Additionally, bird weights were measured at 1 and 21 days. The data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using the SAS GLIMMIX and TTEST procedures. Overall, broilers exhibited a preference for the UB diet compared to the B and P diets. Broilers had a 27.5 and 29.2% higher (p < 0.05) feed consumption of UB feed compared to P feed from 1 to 14 and 1 to 21 days, respectively. In addition, broilers tended to have a higher (p = 0.098) consumption of UB feed compared to B feed from 1 to 14 days. No differences were observed in feed consumption between B and P diets during the experimental period. Based on feed consumption data, broilers displayed a preference towards the UB feed when paired with B or P diets. Feed coloring did not impact the mortality of broilers and did not result in adverse growth. Overall, broilers preferred the UB diet over the B and P diets and showed no preference between B and P diets. Based on the results of this trial, diets that appear more conventional, compared to dyed diets, can promote consumption. Special care must be taken to avoid ingredients that could alter the diet’s coloration.
Discharge Voltage Prediction Model of Batteries in Different Degradation States Based on IWOA-ATCN
Authors: Yang Jingwei , Chen Yitong , Huang Qiang , Wu Guilong , Liu Lin , Yang Zhimin , Huang Yu
Published: December 2024

As a key technology for future decarbonization, storage batteries are widely used in areas such as electric vehicles and power systems. However, battery aging inevitably limits their broader application. To address the low accuracy in predicting discharge voltage under different aging states, this paper proposes the IWOA-ATCN method based on a TCN model with a sliding window mechanism. First, the improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA) is employed to optimize the hyperparameters in the TCN model, including window size and sliding step, to obtain the optimal sample structure. Then, the temporal attention mechanism is introduced into the TCN model to accurately capture the temporal correlation of discharge voltage, thereby improving the prediction accuracy of long time series data. Finally, the model is tested on the NASA dataset with an RMSE of 0.0072, MAE of 0.0046, and R2 of 0.9984. The test results on the PL Sample dataset showed RMSE of 0.0081, MAE of 0.0040, and R2 of 0.9983. It is indicated that the prediction accuracy and stability of the IWOA-ATCN model are higher than other models, such as BP, RNN, and LSTM.
Christology and the Catholic Encounter with World Religions
Authors: Tiso Francis V.
Published: December 2024

Taking into consideration both of the statements of the Catholic magisterium and the pastoral environment of Catholic institutions, this essay offers some observations on the roots and objectives of interreligious dialogue. Framing dialogue in the faith experience of Christ as Lord allows the dialogue of life to emerge as a living expression of the way of life of every faithful Catholic. To live in Christ is the essence of being the Church. The mission of the Church is to proclaim the saving work and living presence of Christ. Christian spirituality is an intentional search for the fullness of Christ’s humanity so that the community at prayer can embody the Risen One under all circumstances. This “embodiment” necessarily includes encountering human “others”, diminishing the feeling of separateness, and discerning human conditions and possibilities for growth. To accomplish this task, Catholic Christians are invited to find Christ in all phenomena, including in other religions as disclosures of what it is to be human. To grow spiritually under the present circumstances of our communities, Catholics can begin to listen to hear the “voice” of the Good Shepherd wherever it resounds. In hearing the authentic ring of this voice of mercy and love, the community discerns that a previously “unknown” Christ is present before us, inviting a deepened understanding of Christ, both human and divine. Out of this understanding arises an affirmation of the Christologies of the historical Catholic consensus, now impelling the Church toward new forms of mission, service, and contemplation. This essay takes note of recent trends in Christology, suggesting correction courses for both progressive and traditionalist approaches.
Characterization and Prediction of the Ghana Stock Exchange Composite Index Utilizing Bayesian Stochastic Volatility Models
Authors: Tweneboah Osei K. , Ohene-Obeng Kwesi A. , Mariani Maria C.
Published: December 2024

This study delves into the dynamics of the Ghana Stock Exchange Composite Index (GSE-CI) over the period from 2011 to 2022, a symbolic emerging market index that presents unique challenges and opportunities for financial analysis. We characterize the GSE-CI using advanced analytical tools such as the Hurst exponent and R/S analysis to uncover its fractal properties and complex dynamics. The paper then advances to predictive modeling, employing an innovative approach with four variations of Stochastic Volatility (SV) models: SV with linear regressors, SV with Student’s t errors, SV with leverage effects, and a hybrid model combining Student’s t errors with leverage. Each model offers a unique perspective on forecasting the behavior of the GSE-CI, with the SV model incorporating Student’s t errors emerging as the most effective, as evidenced by the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in our comparative evaluation. The integration of these models highlights their robustness in capturing the intricate volatility patterns of the GSE-CI, making a compelling case for their applicability to similar financial markets in other emerging economies. This research also paves the way for future investigations into other market indices and assets within and beyond the borders of emerging markets.
Navigating ALICE: Advancements in Deployable Docking and Precision Detection for AUV Operations
Authors: Gutnik Yevgeni , Zagdanski Nir , Farber Sharon , Treibitz Tali , Groper Morel
Published: December 2024

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) operate independently using onboard batteries and data storage, necessitating periodic recovery for battery recharging and data transfer. Traditional surface-based launch and recovery (L&R) operations pose significant risks to personnel and equipment, particularly in adverse weather conditions. Subsurface docking stations provide a safer alternative but often involve complex fixed installations and costly acoustic positioning systems. This work introduces a comprehensive docking solution featuring the following two key innovations: (1) a novel deployable docking station (DDS) designed for rapid deployment from vessels of opportunity, operating without active acoustic transmitters; and (2) an innovative sensor fusion approach that combines the AUV’s onboard forward-looking sonar and camera data. The DDS comprises a semi-submersible protective frame and a subsurface, heave-compensated docking component equipped with backlit visual markers, an electromagnetic (EM) beacon, and an EM lifting device. This adaptable design is suitable for temporary installations and in acoustically sensitive or covert operations. The positioning and guidance system employs a multi-sensor approach, integrating range and azimuth data from the sonar with elevation data from the vision camera to achieve precise 3D positioning and robust navigation in varying underwater conditions. This paper details the design considerations and integration of the AUV system and the docking station, highlighting their innovative features. The proposed method was validated through software-in-the-loop simulations, controlled seawater pool experiments, and preliminary open-sea trials, including several docking attempts. While further sea trials are planned, current results demonstrate the potential of this solution to enhance AUV operational capabilities in challenging underwater environments while reducing deployment complexity and operational costs.
Normalization of Retinal Birefringence Scanning Signals
Authors: Gramatikov Boris I. , Guyton David L.
Published: December 2024

Signal amplitudes obtained from retinal scanning depend on numerous factors. Working with polarized light to interrogate the retina, large parts of which are birefringent, is even more prone to artifacts. This article demonstrates the necessity of using normalization when working with retinal birefringence scanning signals in polarization-sensitive ophthalmic instruments. After discussing the pros and cons of employing a normalization signal obtained by means of added optoelectronic hardware, the study shifts over and focuses on a numerical normalization method based on merely the s- and p-polarization components without additional optical or electronic hardware. This minimizes the adverse effects of optical asymmetries, the presence of certain instrumental noise, device-to-device variability, pupil diameter, retinal reflectivity, subject-to-subject variations, the position of the eye in the exit pupil of the device, and even signal degradation by cataracts. Results were experimentally and numerically tested on human data from 15 test subjects and clearly demonstrated the signal standardization achieved by numerical normalization. This is expected to lead to substantial improvement in algorithms and decision-making software, especially in ophthalmic screening instruments for pediatric applications, without added hardware cost. The proposed normalization method is also applicable to other polarization-sensitive optical instruments.
Application of Magnetic Aquatic Plant Biochar for Efficient Removal of Antimony from Water: Adsorption Properties and Mechanism
Authors: Nan Luyi , Zhang Yuting , Liu Min , Zhao Liangyuan , Zhu Yuxuan , Zhang Xun
Published: December 2024

Antimony (Sb) pollution in natural water bodies can cause significant harm to aquatic ecosystems. Currently, the utilization of chemicals in water bodies presents disadvantages, such as the hardship in collecting dispersed flocs and the incomplete elimination of pollutants. In the present research, a novel type of efficient adsorbent material for the magnetic recovery of Sb was proposed: the magnetic aquatic plant biochar. Its adsorption characteristics and mechanism were deeply investigated. The results demonstrated that, among the three types of aquatic plants, the magnetic biochar of Arundo donax magnetic biochar (LMBC) displayed the most superior adsorption effect on Sb. Under optimal adsorption conditions (pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C, dosage of 100 mg, pH of 8), the removal rate of Sb by LMBC exceeded 97%. The adsorption rate of Sb by LMBC was relatively rapid, and the kinetics of adsorption conformed to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm was consistent with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Sb reached 26.07 mg/g, suggesting that the adsorption process pertained to the adsorption of multi-molecular layers. The influence of coexisting ions on the adsorption effect of LMBC was insignificant. The SEM characterization results revealed that LMBC mainly consisted of the elements C and O. The BET characterization results demonstrated that the magnetization modification augmented the specific surface area by approximately 30 times to reach 89.14 m2/g, and the pore volume increased by twofold to 0.18 cm3/g, creating a favorable condition for Sb adsorption. The FTIR, XRD, and XPS results indicated that the surface of LMBC was rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups and was successfully loaded with Fe2O3 and Fe3O4. LMBC not only facilitates the resourceful utilization of aquatic plant waste but also effectively removes antimony (Sb) pollution through its magnetic properties. This dual functionality presents promising application prospects for the efficient adsorption and removal of Sb from water.
Measuring Destination Image Using AI and Big Data: Kastoria’s Image on TripAdvisor
Authors: Yannacopoulou Anastasia , Kallinikos Konstantinos
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the growing number of Online Travel Review (OTR) platforms and advances in social media and search engine technologies have led to a new way of accessing information for tourists, placing projected Tourist Destination Image (TDI) and electronic Word of Mouth (eWoM) at the heart of travel decision-making. This research introduces a big data-driven approach to analyzing and measuring the perceived and conveyed TDI in OTRs concerning the reflected perceptive, spatial, and affective dimensions of search results. To test this approach, a massive metadata analysis of search engine was conducted on approximately 2700 reviews from TripAdvisor users for the category “Attractions” of the city of Kastoria, Greece. Using artificial intelligence, an analysis of the photos accompanying user comments on TripAdvisor was performed. Based on the results, we created five themes for the image narratives, depending on the focus of interest (monument, activity, self, other person, and unknown) in which the content was categorized. The results obtained allow us to extract information that can be used in business intelligence applications.
Bibliometric Mapping of Scientific Production and Conceptual Structure of Cyber Sextortion in Cybersecurity
Authors: Radebe Fani Moses , Njenga Kennedy
Published: December 2024

This study examines cyber sextortion research using a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. In the field of cybersecurity, cyber sextortion is a form of cybercrime that leverages privacy violations to exploit a victim. This study reviewed research developments on cyber sextortion progressively over time by looking at scientific productions, thematic developments, scholars’ contributions, and the future thematic trajectory. A bibliometric approach to analyzing the data was applied, which covered 548 peer-reviewed articles, conference papers, and book chapters retrieved from the Scopus database. Results showed a growth trajectory on various thematic concerns in the cyber sextortion field, which has continued to gain traction since the year 2023. Notably, online child sexual abuse is a growing theme in cyber sextortion research. In addition, among other themes, adolescents, mental health, and dating violence are receiving interest among scholars in this field. Additionally, institutions and prolific scholars from countries such as the United States of America, Australia, and the United Kingdom have established research collaborations to improve understanding in this field. The results also showed that research is observed to be emerging from South Africa and Ghana in the African region. Overall, there is potential for more scientific publications and researchers from Africa to contribute to this growing field. The value this study holds is moving beyond deficit-based approaches to how adolescent youth can be resilient and protected from cyber sextortion. A call for a multidisciplinary approach that moves beyond deficit-based approaches toward resilient and autonomy-based approaches is encouraged so that adolescent youth are protected from exploitation. This approach should focus on investigating proactive and resilience-based interventions informed by individuals’ traits and contexts to aid in building digital resilience in adolescents.
The Impact of High-Tech Enterprise Certification on Green Innovation: Evidence from Listed Companies in China
Authors: Liang Zhiqiang , Shen Yao , Yang Kunyu , Kuang Jinsong
Published: December 2024

Against the backdrop of global efforts towards carbon peak and carbon neutrality, enhancing the level of green innovation in enterprises represents a significant challenge faced by governments worldwide. The practice of establishing a certification system for high-tech enterprises and leveraging this certification to influence corporate behavior has been shown to be an effective approach. This paper constructs an analytical framework based on incentive effects, signaling effects, and external pressure, employing the negative binomial regression method to evaluate the impact of high-tech enterprise certification on green innovation using data from listed companies in China from 2006 to 2023. The research findings indicate that, generally speaking, this certification primarily promotes green innovation through increased government subsidies, alleviation of financing constraints, and enhanced market attention. Further analysis reveals that its impact is particularly pronounced on state-owned enterprises, enterprises in central regions, and labor-intensive enterprises. Based on these research outcomes, this paper recommends that the government should further strengthen the construction of the certification system to enhance its credibility and authority; place greater emphasis on green-oriented fiscal subsidy policies; promote the development of green finance to alleviate financing constraints for enterprises; and refine the external supervision mechanisms of the capital market to provide robust support for enterprise green innovation. This study deepens the understanding of the relationship between government institutional construction and green innovation and provides empirical evidence for transforming the economic development model.
Simulation and Pathway Selection for China’s Carbon Peak: A Multi-Objective Nonlinear Dynamic Optimization Approach
Authors: Shen Liang , Yuan Qiheng , He Qi , Jiang Peng , Ji Haoyang , Shi Junyi
Published: December 2024

This study innovatively develops a multi-objective Markal-Macro model, which simultaneously considers three objectives: minimizing carbon emissions from energy consumption, minimizing carbon emissions from production processes, and maximizing societal welfare. Based on the Cobb–Douglas production function, we construct a production function of carbon emission and use it as a coupling equation of the Markal-Macro model (Markal is the abbreviation of market allocation, and Macro is the abbreviation of macroeconomy). This enables the coupling of the endogenous variables of carbon emissions and those related to maximizing societal welfare. By collecting relevant data on energy consumption, production outputs, and key economic indicators, five different scenarios are established. To enhance the computational efficiency of the simulation, we introduce a Firefly Algorithm into the penalty function method. The objective of our simulation is to explore the optimal carbon peak pathway for China. The results indicate that under the baseline scenario, China can achieve its carbon peak by 2029, with the peak value reaching approximately 12.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide. Finally, based on the simulation results, this study provides specific policy recommendations for China’s carbon peak pathway, addressing aspects such as industrial structure, energy consumption structure, the share of clean energy, economic growth targets, and the growth of emission reduction expenditures, while considering regional five-year plans and regional carbon peak strategies. From the aspect of the practical contributions, this article not only provides a set of methods for policymakers to make the Carbon Peak Implementation Plan but also offers an optimal path to improve the sustainable development for China.
Evolutionary Game for Dual-Subject Coopetition Relationship in the Product–Service System
Authors: Zhou Chunliu , Shen Nannan , Zhou Xinxin , Cao Jianhua , Dong Hongfeng
Published: December 2024

In the product–service system, variations in the service capabilities of equipment manufacturing enterprises (EMEs) and equipment operating enterprises (EOEs) will change the coopetition relationship. Firstly, this study develops an evolutionary game model to analyze how the relationship between EMEs and EOEs evolves. And then MATLAB simulations are used to examine the factors influencing their coopetitive strategies. Finally, key findings include (1) the variations of market service demand and technology diffusion revenue drive strategy evolution; (2) the unilateral cooperation cost presents the law of diminishing marginal effect, especially on EOEs; (3) an optimal profit distribution ratio exists, which has the most impact on the probability of cooperation. This study informs coopetitive development and decision-making in the service-oriented transformation of the manufacturing industry.
Unlocking Corporate Sustainability: The Transformative Role of Digital–Green Fusion in Driving Sustainable Development Performance
Authors: Yang Yue , Luo Fan
Published: December 2024

Amidst the rapid evolution of digital technologies and the strategic imperative of achieving dual-carbon objectives, this paper empirically investigates how digital–green fusion (DGF) enhances corporate sustainable development performance (SDP), fostering a “harmonious symbiosis” between economic growth and environmental protection. Utilizing data from China’s A-share listed companies over the period 2010–2022, the analysis reveals that DGF significantly boosts SDP, with results remaining robust through a series of endogeneity and robustness tests. Mechanism analysis further demonstrates that digital-green integration not only drives green technology innovation and enhances information transparency but also optimizes labor resource allocation efficiency, collectively contributing to improved corporate sustainability performance. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive impact of DGF on SDP is particularly pronounced in large enterprises, state-owned enterprises, and firms operating in industries with low environmental uncertainty. This offers a strategic blueprint for harnessing digital–green fusion to achieve long-term synergies between environmental sustainability and economic growth.
A Systematic Analysis and Experimental Verification of Joint Pricing and Inventory Strategies in Competitive Newsvendor Environments
Authors: Shi Mengmeng , Liu Yue , Wu Shaohui
Published: December 2024

This study examined joint pricing and inventory decisions in a competitive newsvendor environment using a combination of theoretical modeling and experimental methods. We developed a newsvendor model with price competition and inventory decisions. Participants in a laboratory experiment made simultaneous pricing and inventory decisions over 50 rounds, with their opponents’ identities unknown. We theoretically proved the existence of a mixed Nash equilibrium, i.e., different equilibrium prices corresponded to different optimal inventory quantities. The experimental results show that about 50% of the joint pricing and inventory decisions were consistent with the predictions of the equilibrium model. However, systematic deviations from the equilibrium predictions were also observed at the aggregate level. We developed a novel context-dependent quantal response equilibrium model (QRE) for the bivariate newsvendor game setting. The context-dependent quantal response equilibrium model fit the observed decision biases remarkably well, and it was significantly better than the basic QRE model. This research provides insights into decision biases in complex systems and practical guidance for project planning and management.