bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Алкогольные циклы: динамика потребления алкоголя в советской и постсоветской России, 1980–2010-е годы
Authors: Радаев Вадим Валерьевич
Published: July 2022

Цель работы — выявление основных трендов в потреблении алкогольных напитков, включая прослеживание циклов и смены структурной модели потребления алкоголя в российском обществе с 1980 по 2020 гг. В качестве комплементарных источников эмпирических данных используется статистика Росстата и Всемирной организации здравоохранения об объемах потребления алкоголя, экспертные оценки потребления нелегального алкоголя, данные 29 волн опросов Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ (RLMS-HSE) о динамике объема потребления алкоголя и доли потребителей основных алкогольных напитков.
Статистические и опросные данные демонстрируют в целом сходные тенденции, обнаруживая циклические изменения в уровне потребления легального и нелегального алкоголя. При этом циклы потребления сопровождаются относительно устойчивыми структурными сдвигами. Сформировавшаяся в 1960—1980-е годы советская модель потребления алкоголя в результате нескольких экономико-политических шоков уступает место новой модели, связанной в том числе с постепенным уходом от традиционного для советской России «северного» стиля потребления алкоголя. Устойчиво снижается доля водки и крепких напитков в целом. Пиво перегоняет водку сначала по доле потребителей, а затем и по объему потребления в литрах чистого алкоголя. Относительно стабильным остается потребление вина. Во второй половине 2000-х годов очередная повышательная волна сменяется снижением потребления алкоголя и по его объему, и по доле потребителей (преимущественно за счет роста доли абстинентов). Затем, с середины 2010-х годов, снижение потребления алкоголя останавливается. Вопрос о характере последующей волны пока остается открытым.
Благодарность. Работа выполнена в Лаборатории экономико-социологических исследований НИУ ВШЭ при поддержке Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.
Качество медицинской помощи глазами пациентов: итоги независимого онлайн-опроса. Часть II
Authors: Забелина Оксана Викторовна
Published: July 2022

Участие пациентов в оценке качества медицинской помощи стало важной вехой в развитии высокоэффективных систем здравоохранения. После рассмотрения в первой части исследования теоретических аспектов эволюции как самого понятия качества медицинской помощи (Забелина О. Качество медицинской помощи глазами пациентов: итоги независимого онлайн-опроса. Часть I // Мониторинг общественного мнения: экономические и социальные перемены. 2022. № 2. С. 342—358. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2022.2.2035), так и роли пациентов в этом процессе, в настоящей статье автор уделяет внимание непосредственно опросу пациентов и анализу полученных результатов. Кроме того, поскольку методология составления партисипативного опроса, как и процесс проведения опросов в сфере здравоохранения вообще, имеют определенную специфику, автор счел необходимым детально осветить эти вопросы в данной части работы.
Анализ результатов онлайн-опроса позволил выявить наиболее важные для пациентов критерии качества медицинской помощи, обозначить уровень их оценки в современной системе здравоохранения РФ и степень участия пациентов в этом процессе. Следует отметить, что в ряде случаев проблематика вопросов совпадала с темами мониторингов соответствующих государственных ведомств. Сравнение результатов независимого опроса и официальных мониторингов подтверждает объективность предоставляемой пациентами информации и подчеркивает необходимость их включения в процесс оценки качества медицинской помощи. Помимо результатов, напрямую относящихся к оценке качества, были получены данные, объясняющие распространенность негативного отношения к социологическим опросам пациентов, а также отказов от подачи жалоб на качество медицинской помощи. Проведенная работа стала не только способом независимой оценки качества медицинской помощи, но и апробацией возможности вовлечения пациентов в процесс улучшения здравоохранения и демонстрацией подхода пациентоцентрированности в действии.
The Competitiveness of Qatari Tourism: A Comparative and SWOT Analysis
Authors: Yap Ghialy , Saha Shrabani , Alsowaidi Saif S.
Published: July 2022

Purpose- Qatar has placed its tourism sector as one of the main strategies of economic diversification to achieve sustainable tourism goal. The country aims to develop diverse tourism products, ranging from cultural, urban, and nature tourism to education. The government has invested a huge amount in designing and building tourism infrastructures such as the eight new  stadiums to host  the 2022 World Cup,  the national museum, Museum of Islamic Art, Katara Cultural Village, Souq Waqif, and many resorts and high end hotels. Given these significant tourism investments, it is unquestionable that the country reaps commensurate long-term benefits in terms of growth of its tourism sector and possible ripple effects in other sectors of the economy. Hence, this study reconnoitres the viability of positioning Qatar’s tourism sector as being pivotal to its economic-diversification strategy by comparing its tourism competitiveness with its strong competitors, namely the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Turkey. Methodology- To examine this, the study employs secondary data, questionnaire surveys as well as SWOT analysis to identify the strengths and weaknesses of Qatar relative to the competing destinations. Findings- The findings reveal that Qatar is not price competitive with the nearby countries. Furthermore, the competing nations, in general, have longer and deeper expertise in tourism, and invested more resources than Qatar in developing their tourism sectors. However, Qatar performed the best for its health and financial systems, compared to its competitors, based on scheme  of the Global Competitiveness Rankings. In order to increase its tourism, the country should focus more on developing the highest quality of health tourism products and targeting on wealthy tourists who can afford to buy a property and live in Qatar as second-home residents. Originality/value- This paper investigates the tourism competitiveness of Qatar in comparison of its neighbouring destinations with respect to the goals set up by the Qatari government. Based upon the analysis, it can be concluded that Qatar has loss its price competitiveness to its neighbouring countries. Furthermore, the study provides a comprehensive examination of Qatar and its competitors using all indices provided by the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness reports, and conduct strengths and weaknesses analysis based on these indicators.
Building the skill of happiness: WeChat’s role in the promotion of mental health in China
Authors: Bram Barclay
Published: July 2022

China is in the midst of a “psy-boom” as the use of psychological services and interest in psychology and psychologically informed personal development tools are seeing a meteoric rise. One of the key drivers of this trend has been the innovative use of social media tools like WeChat by psychological service providers to both attract consumers and deliver products. This paper argues that online psychological service provision via WeChat constitutes a very literal “technology of the self” in the way that the content published explicitly tells consumers that a better, healthier and happier self is within reach. For a fee these companies help provide people with psychological toolkits that they use to shape their understanding of the ways they can heal themselves and others.
Phenolic contents, anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial capacities of MeOH extract from the aerial parts of Trema orientalis plant
Authors: Al-Robai Sami Asir , Zabin Sami A. , Ahmed Abdelazim Ali , Mohamed Haidar Abdalgadir , Alghamdi Abdullah A. A. , Ahmed Aimun A. E.
Published: July 2022

Medicinal plants contain phytochemical components of pharmaceutical importance, and Trema orientalis MeOH extracts are believed to have potential antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. This investigation explores the phenolic, antioxidant, and anticancer property of the methanol extracts of aerial parts of T. orientalis. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and the total flavonoid contents (TFC) were determined following standard methods. In vitro antioxidant property was assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Cytotoxicity experiments were performed against eight cell lines and one fibroblast cell using the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The antimicrobial activity assay was performed using the agar-diffusion method. Individual phenolic acids identified by GC/MS were examined in silico to estimate their drug likeness based on their structures. TPC and TFC were the highest in the leaf extract, with the strongest radical scavenging activity against ABTS (84.43%) and DPPH (79.60%) radicals. The highest cytotoxicity activity was exhibited by leaf (IC50 = 2.256 ± 0.85 μg/mL) and twig (2.704 ± 1.31 μg/mL) extracts against the HCT116 cell line, followed by bark (3.653 ± 0.05 μg/mL) and leaf (3.725 ± 0.30 μg/mL) extracts against the HT29 cell line. Clonogenicity resulted in a clear decrease of colony formation by HCT116 cells, suggesting a dose-dependent mode. In silico investigation suggested that phenolic acids detected have non-drug-like properties. Extracts showed antimicrobial inactivity.
Русская тема и русские темы в испанской литературе
Authors: Багно Всеволод Евгеньевич
Published: July 2022

Вопреки общепринятым представлениям о том, что испанские писатели не уделяли особого внимания России из-за ее удаленности, в данной статье предпринята попытка доказать наличие этого внимания и описать его своеобразие. На самом деле испанцы проявляли живой интерес к культуре России, страны, расположенной на противоположном конце «великой европейской оси», как отметил испанский философ и эссеист Хосе Ортега-и-Гассет. В статье на основе изучения образа России в испанской литературе показано, что образ России часто служил испанским писателям средством самопознания, и русская тема подчас превращалась в испанскую.
Compact low-pass filter (LPF) with wide harmonic suppression using interdigital capacitor
Authors: Mandal Arpita , Moyra Tamasi
Published: July 2022

In this article, a compact microstrip low-pass filter (LPF) with low in-band insertion loss and a wide attenuation band is recommended. The structure is modeled using two rectangular-shaped open resonators (ORs) loaded with multiple sections of the interdigital capacitor. The proposed LPF has a cut-off frequency of 1.5 GHz, a passband insertion loss of 0.35 dB, and an electrical circuit size of 0.02 λ
g
2. In the ground plane, two dissimilar defected ground structures (DGSs) are introduced to generate additional attenuation poles for enriching the stopband performance of the LPF. The harmonics suppression is achieved up to 15 GHz with tenth harmonic suppression and relative stopband rejection of almost 165%. The EM simulated results show a well-matched behavior with the experimental ones. The proposed LPF can be used for global positioning systems (1500 MHz), telecommunications (1600 MHz), and audio broadcasting (1400 MHz) applications.
Experimental investigation on controlling of airflow trajectories and flow-field of down-fired boiler by adding on arch secondary air
Authors: Li Zhengqi , Du He , Zhang Ning , Zhang Mingdi , Chen Zhichao , Song Jian , Fang Fan , Su Jianjun , Liu Haibing
Published: July 2022

To effectively control the flow and combustion of pulverised coal in down-fired boilers and improve their thermal efficiency while ensuring low NO
x
emissions, on arch secondary air (OASA) combustion technology and a smoke-tracing analysis were proposed. The aerodynamic characteristics of a 300-MWe Foster Wheeler (FW) down-fired boiler with the OASA ratios (R
OASA) of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, the flow trajectories and mixing characteristics of OASA, and fuel-rich coal/air flow (FRA) and fuel-lean coal/air flow (FLA) were studied experimentally. For the R
OASA of <10%, FRA and FLA flow to furnace centre soon after they are injected into the furnace. OASA and FLA may mix with FRA before ignition. For the R
OASA of 20% or higher, FRA and FLA flow to the near-wall area soon after being injected into the furnace. FRA mixes with OASA after ignition. With the increase in R
OASA, the mixing distance between OASA and FRA increases first and then decreases. The penetration depth of coal/air flow and furnace airflow fullness increases. For the R
OASA of 30%, the dimensionless penetration depth of coal/air flow can exceed 0.7. Furnace dimensionless airflow fullness at all the dimensionless heights can exceed 0.6. In real operation, the recommended R
OASA is between 20 and 30%.
Reinterpretation of the Geldart A powder classification based on Eulerian–Eulerian CFD simulation
Authors: Kannan Janani , Sande Priya C.
Published: July 2022

Geldart classified powders into four categories and assigned each category its own unique characteristic. Geldart A particles, being easily aeratable, show a unique feature of ‘Homogenous expansion’ before bubbling. In this work, an additional feature for the Geldart chart is proposed which adds significant utility for the processing of Geldart A particles. CFD was used to characterize the entire Geldart A region of the Geldart chart based on detailed fluidization behavior. For this, Eulerian–Eulerian Two-fluid model (TFM) simulations were conducted for 25 particle systems across the entire span of the Geldart A region. The simulations (Solid volume fraction (SVF) contours) of bed evolution, taken before the appearance of multiple bubbles, were analyzed in detail. The particle systems were then sub-categorized into Red (5% average bed expansion), Orange (12.5% average bed expansion), and Green (30% average bed expansion) sub-types. The sub-types were plotted on Geldart chart, and for the first time a continuum heat map was generated, from which the ‘level of fluidizability’ of all Geldart A powders can be conveniently gaged. The map can be used for a more informed choice of powder for various industrial applications. Also, the A/B boundary proposed by Verloop was found to be a better fit for our proposed continuum when compared to the original Geldart A/B boundary. The 2D Simulation results performed in this work, found adequate validation against experimental findings in literature. Further, fine mesh 2D simulation results compared well with 3D simulations for dense bed, and were thereby deemed adequate for revealing dense bed behavior before onset of multiple bubbles.
Art and Spirituality: Glances from Buenaventura and the National Museum of Colombia Explorers Special Edition. A Conversation with Ana Morales, Bernardo López, Juan Durán, Yeison Riascos, Francisco Romano, Natalia Angarita, Laura Marcela Agudelo, Sebastián Melo, and Andrés Epifanio García
Authors: Perry Jimena
Published: July 2022

The historically underrepresented Pacific Colombian Coast is known for its social injustice and poverty. However, in this adverse environment, a group of artists called School and Workshop Watercolorists of San Cipriano, created in the decade of 1990s, decided to use art as the means to express both their individual and collective concerns. The artists are watercolorists, photographers, painters, and sculptors who tell their stories through their work. The pieces of four San Cipriano artists have been displayed in Buenaventura’s local venues and at the National Museum of Colombia. In addition, these artists are helping in the assemblage of the permanent museum’s hall, Strength, Faith, and Substance, which is a joint effort of the grassroots artists, anthropologists, and archaeologists, to display Colombian spirituality. The following is a transcription of an Explorers event with the watercolorists and the museum professionals involved in the hall’s display.
Pan-cancer screening by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) – recent breakthroughs and chronic pitfalls
Authors: Holdenrieder Stefan , Ungerer Vida , Oberhofer Angela , Bronkhorst Abel Jacobus
Published: July 2022

Early detection is crucial for optimal treatment and prognosis of cancer. New approaches for pan-cancer screening comprise the comprehensive characterization of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in plasma by next generation sequencing and molecular profiling of mutations and methylation patterns, as well as fragmentation analysis. These promise the accurate detection and localization of multiple cancers in early disease stages. However, studies with real screening populations have to show their clinical utility and practicability.
Disulfiram's journey from rubber vulcanization to T‐cell activation
Authors: Dosset Magalie , Zanetti Maurizio
Published: July 2022

Disulfiram, a drug prescribed for the treatment of alcohol use disorders for more than 60 years, has recently been repurposed for cancer treatment. New work in The EMBO Journal now describes a disulfiram role in immunotherapy of cancer, involving direct binding to Lck to mediate activation of tumor‐infiltrating T cells.
Pomiar poziomu życia ludności – dylematy doboru wskaźników
Authors:   Kolegium Ekonomii, Finansów i Prawa, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Bywalec Czesław
Published: July 2022

Purpose – The aim of the article is to present and analyse the indicators used in measuring and assessing the population’s standard of living. Research method – Formal and statistical analysis of the nature of indicators used in research on the standard of living; evaluation of the criteria for their selection. Results – Population’s standard of living is a multitier and multi-disciplinary category. It covers phenomena pertaining to such fields as economy, education, culture, health protection, public safety, communication, and ecology. Research on the standard of living should necessarily rely on the indica-tors referring to all these areas; it should also endeavour to aggregate them within a single indicator that could be used in assessing the population’s overall standard of living. If such research is to comply withscientific principles, the indicators used therein should have appropriate features, and their selectionmust be based on strictly defined criteria and procedures. The article discusses the characteristics of such indicators and estimates the criteria for their selection and aggregation. Originality /value /implications /recommendation – The article draws on the author's extensive experien-ce in research on the population’s standard of living. It attempts at organizing the criteria and methodsof selecting the so-called partial indicators used in the current studies of the different areas of social life considered within the research on the population’s standard of living, and at transforming them into a single aggregate indicator.
Sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises in the socio-economic context. The case of Poland and Germany
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz, Misztal Anna
Published: July 2022

Purpose – The article aims to assess the impact of contemporary external socio-economic deter-minants, including globalization, eco-innovation, social development, and macroeconomic stabilization, on the sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises in Poland and Germany from 2008 to 2020. Research method – This paper is empirical. The survey covers the manufacturing enterprises in Poland and Germany. The first part discusses the conceptual background related to the sustainable deve-lopment of enterprises in a socio-economic context. The empirical part includes the methodology and results of the study. To determine the relationship between socio-economic factors and sustainable development, the author uses the Least Square Method (OLS) and Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR). Results – The research results show a statistically significant relationship between the variables. Socio-economic indicators are vital determinants of the sustainable development of manufacturing enter-prises. The models show that the impact of individual exogenous determinants is different in Poland and Germany. Originality/value/implications/recommendations – The statistical assessment of the socio-economic impact on enterprises’ sustainable development is relatively poorly understood. The issue is new, contem-porary and requires further analysis. The exogenous socio-economic factors are important for enter-prises sustainable development. It is important to launch macroeconomic efforts to implement sustain-able development goals. The results show a different impact of socio-economic indicators on the sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises, which may indicate that the enterprise develop-ment depends on many factors that are different in analysed countries.
Trends in payment intermediation – global perspective of the role of banks and non-banks
Authors:   Department of Money and Banking, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Iwańczuk-Kaliska Anna
Published: July 2022

Purpose – The aim of the paper is to assess the role of banks and non-banks in payments from a global perspective using a comprehensive approach. The considerations are also focused on the determinants of possible changes in this area in the future.Research method – The research methods applied in the study include the literature review and the critical analysis of available empirical research results in the field of payment intermediation. The analy-sis based on desk research is focused on changes in payments trends observed worldwide. Results – The research leads to the conclusion that despite the significant role of nonbank entities on the payment services market, banks continue to be important elements of payment systems. There are no commonly used solutions that are fully separate from banking systems, and there is no doubt that this will not change in the nearest future. However, payment innovations combined with changes in regulations and central bank strategies may alter the use of both bank money and the banking infra-structure in payments.Originality /value / implications /recommendations – The paper contributes to the discussion on trends leading to a change in the role of banks and an increasing role of non-banks in payment intermediation. It investigates the problem from a global perspective and using a comprehensive approach. Its novelty lies also in the approach based on four distinguished stages of the change of the banks’ role in paymentsystems
Protección integral de la infancia ante el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación en México
Authors: López Muñoz Irasema
Published: July 2022

Currently, the use of information and communication technologies and, especially, the Internet, favor a greater exercise of the rights of children and adolescents, such as freedom of expression and information; however, given this present panorama, it is imperative that not only the benefits that the use of information technologies brings us be observed, but also the dangers that are implicit in the use of these must be considered. For this reason, the present article has the general objective of analyzing the best interests of the child, as a procedural standard in the protection of infants and adolescents against the use of information technologies to identify some of their main risks, and the measures of protection in the Mexican legal system. The main conclusion of this study emphasizes the inclusion of general legislative, administrative, social and educational measures, translated into technological solutions for prevention and protection, where the assistance and support of those who exercise parental authority, guardianship and custody is essential in the use that children and adolescents make of said information technologies.
Methods and programs for comprehensive calculations of supersonic flow about ramjet flying vehicles
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Timoshenko V.I. , Halynskyi V.P. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses the use of the authors’ fast methods and programs for the calculation of 3D supersonic flow about a flying vehicle and thermogas dynamic processes in the components of an airframe-integrated ramjet. To conduct fast comprehensive calculations, use is made of marching methods, which are two to three orders of magnitude faster than pseudoviscosity methods. 3D supersonic flows about the airframe, in the inlet section of the air intake, and in the exhaust jet are calculated using a “viscous layer” model or Godunov’s scheme for the inviscid approximation. Subsonic flows in the outlet section of the air intake and in the combustion chamber are calculated using a “narrow channel” or a quasi-one-dimensional model. The elements of the presented methods and programs that complement a previously proposed fast comprehensive model are described in more detail. A method for assigning the spatial shape of the flying vehicle surface and the ramjet duct walls is described. A simplified approach to determining the critical area of the exit nozzle in the one-dimensional approximation is proposed. The paper substantiates the advantages of marching methods over pseudoviscosity ones in the predesigning of ramjets with direct account for flow choking, which may occur in the combustion chamber or the exit nozzle. The calculated 3D flows in the individual components and the full assembly of a stylized-shape flying vehicle are presented. The main advantages of the proposed methods and programs are their comprehensiveness and fast computation speed. Their use in the calculation of 3D supersonic flow about a ramjet flying vehicle shortens the ramjet component predesigning time.
Detection of changes in the motion of Earth-orbiting objects by autoregressive models in conditions of non-equidistant observations
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Sarychev O.P.
Published: July 2022

The problem of increasing prediction accuracy for the motion of Earth-orbiting objects (EOOs) and detecting changes therein is topical for the tasks of spacecraft life prediction, space debris cataloguing, and navigation. Therefore, the problem of detecting changes in dynamic systems characterized by non-equidistant observations is topical. The purpose of this work is the development of autoregressive models with observations non-equidistant in time to detect changes in EOO motion. The methods employed are multivariate statistical analysis, time series prediction, and complex-system simulation under structural uncertainty. Data generated by NORAD (USA) were used as initial observations to describe EOO motion. They are actual, constantly updated, and freely available via the Internet. These data are presented in the Two-Line Element (TLE) format, which is a data format encoding a list of orbital elements of an EOO for a given point in time. This paper presents a method for constructing autoregressive models to describe the dynamics of EOOs represented by time series of TLE elements with values non-equidistant in time. On its basis, autoregressive models of the Sich-2 spacecraft’s dynamics were constructed. The standard errors of the models were analysed on examination samples, and significant deviations of the standard errors for the basic variables (apogee, perigee, eccentricity, longitude of ascending node, perigee argument, and average anomaly) were found, thus demonstrating changes in the Sich-2 motion from its basic regime. The novelty of this work lies in that the problem of detecting changes in EOO motion characteristics based on the proposed type of autoregressive models has not been considered before. Its practical value lies in that the simulation of the Sich-2 motion using time series of TLE elements allows one to detect changes in motion regimes; the method may be used in detecting in-service changes in EOO properties.
Self-vibrations of a truncated conical sandwich shell with a honeycomb core made by additive technologies
Authors:   A. Pidgorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Avramov K.V. , Uspensky B.V. ,   A. Pidgorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a nonlinear mathematical model of self-vibrations of conical sandwich shells with a honeycomb core made by additive technologies. The vibrations of the structure are described by fifteen unknowns. Each layer of the structure is described by five unknowns: three projections of the displacements of the layer middle surface and two rotation angles of the middle surface normal. Displacement continuity conditions at the layer interfaces are used. The higher-order shear theory is used to describe the stress-strain state of the structure. The case of conical sandwich shell ? supersonic gas flow interaction is considered. Due to this interaction, self-vibrations of the shell structure are set up. In their analysis, the geometrical nonlinearity of the structure is accounted for. Motion equations of the structure are derived using the assumed-mode method, which uses the kinetic and the potential energy of the structure. The self-vibrations are represented as eigenmode expansions, which contain a set of generalized coordinates. A system of nonlinear autonomous ordinary differential equations in the generalized coordinates is derived. The self-vibrations are studied using a combination of the shooting technique and the parameter continuation method. Multipliers are calculated to analyze the stability of periodic vibrations and their bifurcations. The dynamic instability of the structure’s trivial equilibrium is studied by numerical simulation. For clamped-clamped and cantilever shells, the properties of their periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic motions are analyzed in detail.
Influence of modification with highly dispersed silicon carbide on the casting properties of the secondary alloy of the Al-Si system
Authors: Yamshinskij Mykhail , Selivorstov Vadim , Lukianenko Ivan , Kyvgylo B. V.
Published: July 2022

One of the main areas of application of aluminum is the aerospace and transport industries, which are constantly increasing the requirements for the properties of cast products. The use of aluminum as the main material for the manufacture of various parts of vehicles can significantly reduce their weight, which leads to a decrease in fuel consumption. In order to meet the requirements of the modern world, the work considers studies to improve the quality and increase the properties of products from the secondary aluminum alloy AlSi12. Modern technologies for processing liquid aluminum alloy are analyzed. According to the results of an analytical review, it was found that modifiers that affect the size of the primary grain and the shape of inclusions of eutectic silicon are of the greatest interest. It was found that the modification processes do not change the chemical composition of the alloy, but rather contribute to a change in the size and shape of the structural components of the alloy. The paper considers the influence of an ultradispersed SiC modifier with a particle size of up to 200 nm on the casting properties of secondary aluminum alloys: fluidity, linear and volumetric shrinkage. The fluidity was studied in green sand and metal mould. It was found that the addition of 0.1 % SiC improves the fluidity of the secondary alloy from 560 to 630 mm for green sand mould and from 230 to 295 mm for a metal mould due to cleaning from non-metallic inclusions. A further increase in the SiC content to 0.2 % does not lead to an obvious increase in fluidity. The study of linear shrinkage found that increasing the content of the modifier to 0.2 % contributes to its decrease. At the same time, an increase in the pouring temperature of the alloy promotes an increase in the total linear shrinkage, which is associated with the long residence time of the metal in the liquid state. As a result of the rapid crystallization of the melt with additional nucleation centers in the role of which are particles of the ultradispersed modifier, the coefficient of volumetric shrinkage decreases from 28 to 20 %. The proposed technical solutions for the modification of alloys of the secondary alloy AlSi12 can be used in processes that will improve the quality of cast metal products with the economical use of energy resources and materials for its production.
Evaluation of Glucokinase (Gck) rs4607517 Polymorphism Frequency and Nutritional Habits in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: SON ERENOĞLU Nazan , SON Osman , ARIKAN SÖYLEMEZ Evrim Suna
Published: July 2022

Objectives/Background: The aim of this study was to investigate nutritional habits, biochemical markers and the allele and genotype frequencies of GCK rs4607517 -30G>A polymorphism of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).Methods:  The study was conducted with 200 T2DM patients and 100 controls. The analysis of GCK Gene rs4607517 -30G>A polymorphism was performed by Real-Time PCR method. The Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition was applied to the intervention group. Additionally, the sociodemographic data of the patients were collected, anthropometric measurements were performed and their biochemical markers were examined.Results: The mean duration of diabetes of the patients was 7.94±5.81 years, the mean age 55.88±12.23 years, the mean BMI 30.14±5.91 kg/m2, and the mean HbA1c value was 7.74±1.97. There was no difference between allele and genotype frequencies of two groups (p>0.05). The anthropometric and biochemical values of the patients with different genotype was similar (p>0,05). Furthermore, as the HbA1c values of the patients increased, the Malnutrition score was found to increase, and there was a statistically significant found between the groups (p=0.012). Conclusion: Although there are studies related to the effect of rs4607517 polymorphism in the GCK gene on the development of T2DM, the fact that the frequency of polymorphism of the patient group in our study was similar to the control group makes it necessary for the variant to be screened in larger patient populations. The majority of patients with T2DM were found to have high levels of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, inadequate level of nutrition knowledge and were obese.
Parent Perspectives on Screening for Social Needs During Pediatric Hospitalizations
Authors: Leary Jana C. , Rijhwani Leena , Bettez Natalie M. , Harrington Yevgeniya , LeClair Amy M. , Garg Arvin , Freund Karen M.
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES

Social determinants of health have been demonstrated to be important drivers of health outcomes and disparities. Screening for social needs has been routinely performed and shown to be beneficial in ambulatory settings, but little is known regarding parent perspectives on screening during pediatric hospitalizations. This study sought to determine parental attitudes surrounding inpatient screening and screening process preferences in the hospital setting.

METHODS

We conducted 17 semistructured interviews with English- and Spanish-speaking parents of hospitalized children at 1 tertiary and 2 community hospitals between July 2020 and February 2021, with questions probing opinions and experiences with social needs screening, comfort level with discussing social needs with hospital providers, and screening process preferences in the hospital setting. Interviews were recorded, professionally transcribed, and analyzed thematically.

RESULTS

Participants were median age 32 years, with majority female and English-speaking, and nearly one-half with children admitted to a community hospital. Emergent themes included (1) importance of screening for social needs across multiple health care settings, (2) hospitals viewed as capable systems to respond to social needs, (3) most parents comfortable discussing social needs with inpatient providers, (4) appreciation for providers expressing caring and desire to help during inpatient screening, and (5) importance of a family-centered approach to inpatient screening.

CONCLUSIONS

Parents reported positive perceptions regarding pediatric inpatient social needs screening importance and hospitals’ ability to address social needs and identified multiple screening process preferences for the hospital setting that can inform the development of family-centered inpatient social needs screening strategies.
Análisis energético en lecherías de la región Pampeana Argentina. Parte 2. Contabilidad energética
Authors: Gimenez Gustavo Daniel , Novaira Bruno Idelfonso , Marini Pablo Roberto
Published: July 2022

Introducción. La actividad agropecuaria es usuaria y productora de energía, puede evaluarse mediante el análisis energético, que también relaciona conceptos de física, bioquímica y biología. Objetivos. Evaluar desde un enfoque energético expandido, distintos modelos comerciales de producción primaria de leche. Materiales y métodos. Se trabajó con datos retrospectivos de nueve establecimientos lecheros de la Región Pampeana Argentina, entre julio de 2014 a junio de 2015. Se calcularon cuatro indicadores: egreso energético (EE), ingreso energético (IE), eficiencia energética (EE/IE) y anergía (A). Resultados. Los mayores EE se basaron en productividad primaria neta, en condiciones de alta suplementación. El IE promedió fue 239,9 GJ/ha/año, rango en que se alinearon los sistemas con carga animal media. El agua (67 %) fue la principal aportante. La eficiencia (EE/IE) presentó marcada variabilidad, basada en los IE; aunque la biomasa vegetal fue la mayor causa de fluctuación de los EE, ya que los aportes de leche y carne no difirieron entre sistemas. El stock (almacenamiento) energético remanente no se utilizó dentro del sistema, ni contribuyó con el mismo mediante su exportación, por lo que se definió como una fracción sin utilidad práctica (A). Conclusiones. El análisis energético fue una herramienta válida para evaluar la sustentabilidad de los sistemas, se aplicó en modelos de producción con diferentes estrategias de intensificación. Al incluir la biomasa vegetal, los mayores egresos energéticos (EE) se apreciaron en modelos de alta suplementación, pero en el subsistema lechero tomado de manera individual, se asoció carga animal con mayores EE (por incremento de productividad) y mayores ingresos energéticos (IE), debido al incremento en el agua consumida.
A novel Iron(III)-based MOF: Synthesis, characterization, biological, and antimicrobial activity study
Authors: Sheta Sheta M. , Salem Salem R. , El-Sheikh Said M.
Published: July 2022

Recently infectious diseases and increasing microbial drug-resistant have caused many humorless health problems. To fill knowledge gaps and guide strategies at all levels for antimicrobials which represent a challenge and an urgent need. For these reasons, our target is developing a new effective antimicrobial drug with extended action time, multi-antimicrobial agents, low toxicity, and safe strategies. Metal–organic frameworks are promising materials for antimicrobial agents. Herein, a novel affordable Fe(III)-MOF was simply prepared via a reflux method. FE-SEM images showed an octahedral structure with sharp edges with high crystallinity and purity of Fe(III)-MOF. Under optimum conditions, the Fe(III)-MOF showed excellent antimicrobial efficiency against ± bacteria, fungus, and yeast with an inhibition zone ranging between 40–46 and 22–24 mm at a concentration of 50 and 25 μg/mL Fe(III)-MOF, respectively. As well, the mechanism of interaction is also well studied. The results open the door for the use of prepared materials as an effective and efficient antimicrobial agent.

Graphical abstract
An Assessment Study of Some Asian Countries on the Basis of Physical Quality of Life Indicators
Authors: Ferdows Samim , Ferdows Sahin , Firdaus Wasim , Dey Joydeep
Published: July 2022

The physical quality-of-life index (PQLI) is an attempt to measure the quality of life or well-being of a country. The value is a single number derived from basic literacy rate, infant mortality, and life expectancy at age one. Quality of life is an umbrella concept that refers to all
aspects of a person's life, including physical health; psychological well-being; social well-being; financial well-being; some approaches to quality of life emphasizes the social and psychological aspects of life, and contrast quality of life with quality of care. The growing attention to
quality of life and the desire to minimize the negative effects of disease and health care on this quality reflects the highest of public health aspirations. Adult literacy has also risen from 46-70%. Developing world today is healthier, better fed and batter educated. But program has been
far from even. The no. of people living in poverty continues to grow. There is almost no improvement IMR &. in education. In poor countries South Asia's IMR today are about the lame in early 1970. So I think there exist some relation between socioeconomic conditions &. health status.
In a country, WHO has. listed these two indicators 1. Health Indicators and 2. Physical Quality of Life Indicator. Among those here I want to consider only the following as social indicators:Y: 1. IMR 2. Adult illiteracy & X: 1. Public exp. on education. % GNP 2. Public expo on health
% GDP. I have taken a linear combination of expenditure on education % GNP (Y1) & expenditure on health % GDP (Y2) as U to represent a economic ( welfare ) condition of a country against this I have taken a linear combination of IMR per 1000 ( X1) and adult illiteracy % rate ( X2) as V
to represent PQL of a country. After using Canonical correlation I have reached a conclusion that the increase of expenditure on health and education purpose implies decrease of IMR & illiteracy. In 1st Quadrant contains only Saudi Arabia whose expenditure on health and education
is high but illiteracy rate also high (exceptional one). And 2nd Quadrant contains those countries whose expenditure on health and education is high illiteracy rate and IMR is low. The 4th Quadrant contains those countries whose expenditure is lower and illiteracy rate
is higher comparatively. Here Iraq Pakisthan , Bangaledesh and Nepal lie. There is no country in 3rd quadrant whose expenditure is less and illiteracy is also low. After concrete analysis and from the graph we can rank the 14 Asian Countries according to their better Physical Quality
of Life as follows:1. Japan 2. Korea Republic 3. Mongolia 4. Malayasia 5. Srilanka 6. Viatnam 7. China 8. Iran 9. India 10. Iraq 11. Pakisthan 12. Bangaladesh 13. Nepal 14. Saudi Arabia
Ferramentas e escores para avaliação de risco perioperatório pulmonar, renal, hepatobiliar, hematológico e de infecção do sítio cirúrgico: uma atualização
Authors: MORAES CAIO MAZZONETTO TEÓFILO DE , CORRÊA LUISA DE MENDONÇA , PROCÓPIO RICARDO JAYME , CARMO GABRIEL ASSIS LOPES DO , NAVARRO TULIO PINHO
Published: July 2022

RESUMO Introdução: a avaliação de risco perioperatório é essencial para mitigação das complicações cirúrgicas, o que aventa interesse individual e coletivo uma vez que o número de procedimentos cirúrgicos no Brasil vem se expandindo de maneira crescente. O objetivo deste estudo foi resumir e detalhar as principais calculadoras, índices e escores dos riscos perioperatórios pulmonar, renal, hepatobiliar, hematológico e de infecção de sítio cirúrgico para cirurgias gerais não cardíacas, os quais encontram-se dispersos na literatura. Método: foi realizada revisão narrativa a partir de manuscritos em inglês e português encontrados nas bases eletrônicas Pubmed/MEDLINE e EMBASE. Resultados: a revisão incluiu 11 ferramentas relativas aos sistemas abordados, para as quais detalha-se o método de aplicação e suas limitações. Conclusão: as ferramentas de estimativa de risco perioperatório não cardiovascular encontram benefício quando se identifica no exame clínico pré-operatório alterações que justifiquem possível risco aumentado ao sistema afetado, assim a utilização destas ferramentas fornece valores palpáveis para auxílio no julgamento de risco e benefício cirúrgico bem como identifica fatores passíveis de intervenção para melhoria dos desfechos.
Impacto da cirurgia bariátrica em pacientes idosos portadores de obesidade
Authors: PEREIRA ADRIANO F. , SANTA-CRUZ FERNANDO , COUTINHO LUCAS R. , VIEIRA-DE-MELO MARIA CLARA P. T. , HINRICHSEN EDUARDA A. , SIQUEIRA LUCIANA T. , FIGUEIREDO JOSÉ-LUIZ , FERRAZ ÁLVARO A. B.
Published: July 2022

RESUMO Introdução: avaliar o impacto da cirurgia bariátrica na população idosa no longo prazo. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo que incluiu todos os pacientes com mais de 60 anos submetidos ao Bypass gástrico em Y de Roux (BGYR) em nosso centro e que mantiveram seguimento superior a 1 ano. Foram estudadas variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais para avaliação da remissão da obesidade e suas comorbidades, além de variáveis diretamente relacionados ao procedimento cirúrgico em si, incluindo complicações precoces e tardias. Resultados: foram estudados 56 pacientes, a maioria do sexo feminino (76,8%), com idade média de 64,02 ± 3,34. Foi observada uma taxa de complicações de 37,5%, com 10,7% requerendo internamento hospitalar e cirurgia de urgência. A média geral da perda do excesso de peso (%PEP) foi de 74,22% ± 26,76. As taxas de remissão de hipertensão e diabetes mellitus foram de 26,08% e 54,54%, respectivamente. Houve variação significativa no IMC (12,25 ± 5,42, p<0,001), colesterol total (31,37 ± 38,89 p<0,001), colesterol LDL (23,45 ± 34,9, p=0,002), colesterol HDL (5,14 ± 11,13, p=0,024), triglicerídeos (48,85 ± 56,15 p<0,001), HbA1C (1,81 ± 1,97, p<0,001) e PCR (1,43 ± 1,96, p<0,001). Conclusão: a cirurgia bariátrica se mostrou eficaz na perda de peso e na remissão de comorbidades na população de idosos com obesidade no longo prazo..
Terapias complementares no controle de sintomas do trato urinário inferior masculino: revisão sistemática
Authors: Mata Luciana Regina Ferreira da , Motter Paula Giuliana Rodrigues , Azevedo Cissa , Bernardes Mariana Ferreira Vaz Gontijo , Chianca Tânia Couto Machado , Vasques Christiane Inocêncio
Published: July 2022

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar as evidências científicas sobre a efetividade das terapias complementares no controle de sintomas do trato urinário inferior na população masculina adulta e idosa. Método: revisão sistemática desenvolvida de acordo com o checklist PRISMA. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, PEDro, PubMed, Web of Science e Google Scholar. Resultados: foram identificados 585 registros e selecionados 12 ensaios clínicos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os desfechos considerados pelos estudos para analisar a efetividade das terapias complementares foram questionários validados de avaliação da gravidade dos sintomas do trato urinário inferior (sensação de esvaziamento incompleto da bexiga, micções frequentes, fluxo intermitente, fluxo fraco, dor ou dificuldade na micção, noctúria e urgência) e parâmetros da urodinâmica. Os estudos analisaram as terapias complementares fitoterapia (n=8) e eletroacupuntura (n=4). Seis estudos relacionados à fitoterapia mostraram significância estatística. A eletroacupuntura mostrou melhora significativa dos sintomas em dois estudos. Conclusão: a fitoterapia foi efetiva para controle dos sintomas frequência, urgência, noctúria, esvaziamento incompleto, intermitência, fluxo fraco e esforço para iniciar a micção. Para confirmação da efetividade da eletroacupuntura ainda serão necessárias pesquisas com metodologias bem delineadas para sanar as divergências entre os estudos desta revisão.