bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN MODUL MATEMATIKA UNTUK MEMFASILITASI KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Rezkiatu Novia Alhikmah  , Maimunah  , Yenita Roza`
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan modul matematika untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik kelas XI SMA pada materi program linear. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 41 orang peserta didik dan tiga orang guru mata pelajaran matematika. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu teknik wawancara dan penyebaran angket. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Peneliti melakukan analisis kebutuhan modul dan analisis peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik masih rendah, bahan ajar yang digunakan di sekolah berupa buku, peserta didik membutuhkan bahan ajar yang mudah dipahami dan dapat digunakan secara mandiri serta belum mampu memfasilitasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik kelas XI SMA pada materi program linear.
This research aims to determine the need for a mathematics module to facilitate the mathematical problem solving abilities of class XI high school students in linear programming material. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects in this research were 41 students and three mathematics teachers. The data collection techniques used were interview techniques and distributing questionnaires. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive analysis.  Researchers conducted module needs analysis and student analysis. The results of the research show that students' mathematical problem solving abilities are still low, the teaching materials used in schools are books, students need teaching materials that are easy to understand and can be used independently and have not been able to facilitate the mathematical problem solving abilities of class XI high school students in the material. linear programming.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN NUMERASI SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL ASESMEN KOMPETENSI MINIMUM (AKM) PADA MATERI PECAHAN
Authors: Arnida Tika , Lisnadia  , Maharani  , Nurmeidina Rahmatya
Published: November 2024

Kemampuan numerasi adalah kemampuan untuk menafsirkan dan memahami, memanfaatkan penerapan konsep matematika serta memecahkan atau menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan dengan berbagai kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan numerasi siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal AKM pada materi pecahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di SDN 1 Putai pada kelas V tahun pelajaran 2022/2023 sebanyak 15 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah tes dan wawancara. Tiga siswa berdasarkan jawaban paling lengkap dan kemampuan komunikasi yang baik serta memenuhi indikator kemampuan numerasi dipilih sebagai subjek wawancara. Analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kompetensi numerasi subjek termasuk dalam tingkat dasar. Subjek belum mampu menggunakan berbagai macam angka atau simbol yang terkait dengan matematika dasar pada soal tipe AKM numerasi materi pecahan dikarenakan dua dari tiga subjek masih belum teliti dalam melakukan operasi hitung pecahan. Dua dari tiga subjek mampu menganalisis informasi yang ditampilkan dalam berbagai bentuk (grafik, tabel, bagan, diagram, dan lain sebagainya). Dua dari tiga subjek masih belum mampu menafsirkan hasil analisis permasalahan untuk memprediksi dan mengambil keputusan dikarenakan subjek kurang paham dalam menafsirkan permasalah­an pada soal.
Numerical ability is the ability to interpret and understand, utilize the application of mathematical concepts and solve or resolve a problem with various everyday life. This study aims to determine students' numeracy skills in solving AKM questions on fractional material. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach which was carried out at SDN 1 Putai in class V for the 2022/2023 academic year with a total of 15 students. The data collection techniques used were observation, tests and interviews. Three students based on the most complete answers and good communication skills as well as fulfilling the numeracy ability indicators were selected as interview subjects. The analysis in this study is data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results showed that the subject's numeracy competency level was included in the basic level. Subjects have not been able to use various kinds of numbers or symbols related to basic mathematics on AKM type questions on fractional numeration material because two out of three subjects are still not thorough in performing fractional arithmetic operations. Two of the three subjects were able to analyze information presented in various forms (graphs, tables, charts, diagrams and so on). Two of the three subjects were still unable to interpret the results of the problem analysis to predict and make decisions because the subjects lacked understanding in interpreting the problems in the questions.
ANALISIS BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS V SDN SOCAH 1 BANGKALAN DALAM MUATAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Mohammad Iqbal Faqih  , Elvira Oliviasari  , Silviya Ayu Lestari  , Nilam Larassati  , Indah Setyo Wardhani
Published: November 2024

Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V UPTD SDN Socah 1 Bangkalan dalam muatan Matematika. Alasan melakukan penelitian ini karena ingin mengetahui sejauh mana siswa dapat mengaplikasikan keterampilan berpikir kritisnya dalam memecahkan masalah matematika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar wawancara, lembar observasi dan lembar tes untuk mengetahui kemampuan hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata presentase siswa kelas V UPTD SDN Socah 1 telah mencapai level TBK 3. Implementasi penelitian ini menjadi kajian guru dalam memahami kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas siswa kelas V SDN Socah 1 Bangkalan berada pada Tingkat Berpikir Kritis (TBK) 3, yang menunjukkan siswa mampu memenuhi lima indikator berpikir kritis dalam materi matematika terkait sudut. Sebagian siswa berada pada TBK 2, yang menunjukkan pemenuhan empat indikator dengan beberapa keraguan. Sebagian kecil siswa berada pada TBK 1, yang menunjukkan hanya memenuhi dua atau tiga indikator dan beberapa siswa berada pada TBK 0 di beberapa soal yang menunjukkan ketidakpahaman total.
This research aims to analyze the critical thinking skills of fifth-grade students at UPTD SDN Socah 1 Bangkalan in the subject of Mathematics. The reason for conducting this study is to understand the extent to which students can apply their critical thinking skills in solving mathematical problems. The method used in this research is quantitative. The instruments used include interview sheets, observation sheets, and test sheets to assess students' learning outcomes. The research results indicate that on average, the percentage of fifth-grade students at UPTD SDN Socah 1 Bangkalan has reached TBK (Tingkat Berpikir Kritis) level 3. The implementation of this research serves as a study for teachers to understand students' critical thinking abilities. Data analysis shows that the majority of fifth-grade students at SDN Socah 1 Bangkalan are at TBK level 3, demonstrating their ability to fulfill all five indicators of critical thinking in the topic of angles in mathematics. Some students are at TBK level 2, indicating fulfillment of four indicators with some doubts. A few students are at TBK level 1, meeting only two or three indicators, and some are at TBK level 0 on some questions, indicating total misunderstanding.
PERAMALAN NILAI TUKAR PETANI (NTP) DI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIBRIDA SINGULAR SPECTRUM ANALYSIS (SSA)-SEASONAL AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE (SARIMA)
Authors: Setyaningrum Oktavia Aryani , Zukhronah Etik , Handajani Sri Sulistijowati
Published: November 2024

Kemajuan sektor pertanian suatu negara dapat dilihat dari kesejahteraan petaninya. Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) dapat dijadikan indikator dari kesejahteraan petani. NTP merupakan rasio antara indeks harga yang diterima petani (Id) dan indeks harga yang dibayarkan petani (Ib) sehingga diharapkan dari waktu ke waktu nilainya terus mengalami kenaikan. NTP dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam penentuan kebijakan untuk mengembangkan sektor pertanian di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peramalan NTP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meramalkan NTP di Indonesia menggunakan metode hibrida Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) - Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA). Data yang digunakan adalah data NTP dari bulan Januari 2008 hingga Desember 2022 di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan yaitu hibrida SSA-SARIMA. SSA mendekomposisikan data NTP kedalam komponen tren dan noise. SARIMA digunakan untuk memodelkan komponen noise. Peramalan metode hibrida SSA-SARIMA didapatkan dengan menjumlahkan hasil peramalan SSA dan hasil peramalan komponen noise model SARIMA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode hibrida SSA dengan window length ­sebesar 84 dan model SARIMA  didapatkan nilai MAPE sebesar 1,429%. Metode hibrida SSA-SARIMA dapat meramalkan NTP dengan baik. Hasil peramalan NTP pada periode Januari – Maret 2023 berturut-turut yaitu 110,477; 110,132; dan 109,936 yang artinya petani sejahtera karena nilai NTP lebih dari 100.The progress of a country's agricultural sector can be seen from the welfare of its farmers. Farmers' Terms of Trade (FTT) can be used as an indicator of farmer welfare. FTT is the ratio between the price index received by farmers (Id) and the price index paid by farmers (Ib) so it is expected that from time to time its value will continue to increase. FTT can be used as material for consideration in determining policies to develop the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to forecast FTT. This study aims to predict FTT in Indonesia using the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) - Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) hybrid method. The data used is FTT data from January 2008 to December 2022 in Indonesia. The method used is SSA-SARIMA hybrid. SSA decomposes NTP data into trend and noise components. SARIMA is used to model the noise component. Forecasting of the SSA-SARIMA hybrid method is obtained by summing the results of the forecasting of the SSA and the forecasting results of the noise component of the SARIMA model. The results showed that the SSA hybrid method with a window length of 84 and the SARIMA  model obtained a MAPE value of 1.429%. The SSA-SARIMA hybrid method can predict FTT well. The FTT forecasting results for the January – March 2023 period are 110,477; 110,132; and 109,936, which means farmers are prosperous because the FTT value is more than 100.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN ChatGPT: SISTEM BERBASIS KECERDASAN BUATAN UNTUK MENGAJAR DAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Mustafa
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perspektif berbagai pengguna seperti pendidik dan siswa, tentang sistem ChatGPT dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif yang terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu analisis konten wawancara dan investigasi pengalaman pengguna. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang, yang terdiri dari pendidik dan siswa tingkat SMA di Kota Medan. Tahap pertama dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ChatGPT diakui karena kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan matematika dan meningkatkan keberhasilan pendidikan dengan memberikan pengetahuan dasar matematika dan berbagai topik kepada pengguna. ChatGPT dapat menawarkan instruksi dan bantuan yang komprehensif pada beberapa materi, termasuk integral. Pada tahap kedua dari penelitian ini, hasil investigasi pengalaman pengguna melalui tiga skenario mengungkapkan ChatGPT mampu membantu penyelesaian berbagai operasi sederhana. Namun, masih terdapat kesalahan-kesalahan dalam perhitungan dasar matematika, dan tidak selalu efektif memperbaiki kesalahan sebelumnya. 
This research aims to look at the perspectives of various users such as educators and students, on ChatGPT system in mathematics learning. This research utilizes a qualitative case study approach consisting of two stages, those are: interview content analysis and user experience investigation. The subjects in this study were 30 people consisting of educators and high school students in Medan City. The first stage of this research shows that ChatGPT is recognized for its ability to improve mathematical ability and enhance educational success by providing users with basic knowledge of mathematics and various topics. ChatGPT can offer comprehensive instruction and assistance on several materials, including integrals. In the second phase of this research, the results of investigating user experience through three scenarios revealed ChatGPT was able to assist with the completion of various simple operations. However, there were still errors in basic math calculations, and it was not always effective in correcting previous errors.
PENDEKATAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA YANG DAPAT MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR LOGIS DAN KREATIF PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Anisa Nabilah  , Firda Amalia  , Heni Siti Angreini  , Mahfuzhatur Rahmi  , Iskandar Zulkarnain  , Noor Fajriah
Published: November 2024

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pendekatan pembelajaran matematika yang efektif dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir logis dan kreatif siswa sekolah dasar dengan menggunakan metode kajian. Metode kajian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa pendekatan pembelajaran matematika yang efektif dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir logis dan kreatif siswa sekolah dasar diantaranya pendekatan matematika realistik, pendekatan problem based learning dan pendekatan open-ended. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar guru menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran matematika yang efektif dengan metode kajian untuk memaksimalkan pengembangan kemampuan berpikir logis dan kreatif siswa sekolah dasar. Guru juga perlu memperhatikan karakteristik dan kebutuhan belajar siswa dalam memilih pendekatan pembelajaran yang tepat.
The writing of this article aims to examine effective mathematics learning approaches in developing logical and creative thinking skills of elementary school students by using the review method. The review method used in this research is a literature study. This study shows that several mathematics learning approaches are effective in developing logical and creative thinking skills of elementary school students including realistic mathematics approach, problem-based learning approach and open-ended approach. This study recommends that teachers use effective mathematics learning approaches with the study method to maximize the development of logical and creative thinking skills of primary school students. Teachers also need to pay attention to the characteristics and learning needs of students in choosing the right learning approach.
PENDESAINAN ASESMEN INOVATIF MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN PEMODELAN MENGGUNAKAN KONTEKS BIAYA RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Riyanto Bambang
Published: November 2024

Tujuan Penelitian adalah menghasilkan soal/masalah pemodelan matematika yang valid untuk asesmen/pembelajaran inovatif dalam Kurikulum Merdeka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahap, yaitu analisis, desain dan evaluasi. Langkah analisis yang dilakukan yaitu analisis siswa, kurikulum, kebutuhan asesmen, pembelajaran, konteks yang dibutuhkan dan pemodelan matematika. Langkah kedua adalah desain dan produk. Langkah terakhir adalah desain evaluasi formatif yang terdiri dari evaluasi diri, one-to-one, experts review, small group, dan field test. Penelitian telah menghasil soal pemodelan matematika yang valid menggunakan konteks biaya rumah tangga untuk implementasi asesmen/pembelajaran yang inovatif untuk Kurikulum Merdeka.
The aim of the research is to produce valid mathematical modeling tasks/problems for innovative assessment/learning in the Independent Curriculum. This study used a development research approach. This research consists of 3 stages, namely analysis, design and evaluation. The analysis step is conducted by analyzing students, curriculum, needs assessment, learning, required context and mathematical modeling. The second step is design and product. The final step is the formative evaluation design which consists of self-evaluation, one-to-one, expert review, small group and field tests. Research has produced valid mathematical modeling questions using the context of household expenses for the implementation of innovative assessment/learning for the Independent Curriculum.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS WEB PADA MATERI BANGUN RUANG KELAS VI DENGAN METODE TUTORIAL
Authors: Al-Banjari Luriyan Apris , Sukmawati R. Ati , Bahraini Saputra Novan Alkaf
Published: November 2024

Media pembelajaran adalah salah satu metode dalam mengatasi segala macam persoalan dalam mengajar, bukan saja mengatasi persoalan, namun media pembelajaran memberi berbagai informasi yang komprehensif kepada peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengetahui kevalidan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis web pada materi bangun ruang kelas VI dengan metode tutorial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode R&D (Research and Development) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang sudah dibatasi tanpa tahap implementasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan teknik angket. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari validator materi dan media. Teknik analisis data diperoleh dari hasil validasi oleh pakar materi dan media. Berdasarkan hasil pengembangan, teknologi yang digunakan dalam proses mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis web pada materi bangun ruang dengan metode tutorial tersebut, yaitu HTML, CSS, Bootsrap, Javascript, JSON, Firebase, dan MathJax. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran termasuk valid. Kevalidan tersebut didukung dengan fakta bahwa perolehan persentasi capaian pada validitas materi sebesar 83,8% dengan kriteria sangat tinggi, sedangkan untuk kevalidan media persentasi capaian yang diperoleh sebesar 75% dengan kriteria tinggi. Oleh karena itu, media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis web pada materi bangun ruang kelas VI dengan metode tutorial dinyatakan valid digunakan untuk uji coba.
Learning media is a method of overcoming all kinds of problems in teaching, not only overcoming problems but learning media provides a variety of comprehensive information to students. This study uses the tutorial method to develop and determine the validity of web-based interactive learning media in class VI classroom materials using the tutorial method. This research uses the R&D (Research and Development) method with the ADDIE development model which has been limited without an implementation stage. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire technique. The research subjects consisted of material and media validators. Data analysis techniques were obtained from the results of validation by material and media experts. Based on the development results, the technology used to develop web-based interactive learning media on spatial materials using the tutorial method, namely HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, Javascript, JSON, Firebase, and MathJax. This research shows that learning media is valid. This validity is supported by the fact that the percentage of achievement on material validity is 83.8% with very high criteria, while for media validity the percentage of achievements obtained is 75% with high criteria. Therefore, web-based interactive learning media for class VI material using the tutorial method was declared valid for use in the trial.
ANALISIS PROFIL SISWA SMU TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP JARAK TITIK KE BIDANG DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF PERBEDAAN GENDER
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profile secara alamiah siswa SMU terkait dengan pemahaman konsep jarak dari titik ke bidang. Metode penelitian berjenis kualitatif, dengan menggunakan metode triangulasi waktu dan sumber.  Subyek penelitiannya adalah siswa SMU, 1 siswa laki-laki dan 1 siswi perempuan. Kode subyek penelitian siswa laki-laki (SL), dan subyek siswa perempuan (SP). Kajian analisis pemahaman konsep jarak titik ke bidang meliputi: (1) Aspek pengertian; (2) Aspek representasi; (3) Aspek contoh dan bukan contoh; (4) Aspek menghitung jarak. Hasil penelitian dari 4 aspek kajian diperoleh informasi yaitu siswa laki-laki cenderung lebih baik dari aspek reprensentasi, sedangkan untuk aspek pengertian, aspek contoh-bukan contoh, dan aspek menghitung, tidak ada perbedaan nyata antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan.
This study aims to describe the natural profile of high school students related to understanding the concept of distance from a point to a plane. The research method is qualitative, using time and source triangulation methods. The research subjects were high school students, 1 male student and 1 female student. The research subjects code were male students (SL), and female student subjects (SP). The analysis study of understanding the concept of point-to-plane distance includes: (1) Aspects of understanding; (2) Aspect of representation; (3) Aspects of examples and non-examples; (4) The aspect of calculating distance. The results of the research from 4 aspects of the study obtained information that male students tended to be better in terms of representation, while for aspects of understanding, aspects of examples-not examples, and aspects of counting, there was no significant difference between male and female students.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA MASJID JAMI NURUL AMILIN
Authors: Nasrullah  , Fajriah Noor , Suryaningsih Yuni
Published: November 2024

Etnomatematika adalah suatu pendekatan yang dipakai dalam mempelajari matematika dengan menghubungkannya dengan kegiatan atau budaya lokal, dengan tujuan untuk memudahkan pemahaman siswa terhadap masalah-masalah matematika dan sebagai alternatif bagi para guru untuk mendorong siswa dalam mengeksplorasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah mereka secara individual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa berbasis etnomatematika Masjid Jami Nurul Amilin. Metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif merupakan metode dan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kertak Hanyar. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 108 siswa. Dalam pengumpulan data, digunakan metode tes berupa soal uraian dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan langkah penyelesaian Polya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematis yang berbasis etnomatematika di Masjid Jami Nurul Amilin berada dalam kategori kurang, dengan rincian sebagai berikut: (1) pada langkah memahami masalah, rata-rata nilai siswa berada dalam kategori cukup; (2) pada langkah membuat rencana, rata-rata nilai siswa berada dalam kategori kurang; (3) pada langkah melaksanakan rencana, rata-rata nilai siswa berada dalam kategori kurang; (4) pada langkah melihat kembali, rata-rata nilai siswa berada dalam kategori kurang.
Ethnomathematics is an approach used in studying mathematics by connecting it with local activities or culture, with the aim of facilitating students' understanding of mathematical problems and as an alternative for teachers to encourage students to explore their problem solving skills individually. The purpose of this study was to analyze students' mathematical problem solving ability based on ethnomathematics of Jami Nurul Amilin Mosque. Descriptive method with quantitative approach is the method and approach used in this research. The population in this study were VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Kertak Hanyar. Sampling was done using simple random sampling technique so that 108 students were obtained. In collecting data, the test method was used in the form of description questions and then analyzed using the Polya solution step approach. The results showed that students' ability to solve mathematical problems based on ethnomathematics at Jami Nurul Amilin Mosque was in the deficient category, with the following details: (1) in the step of understanding the problem, the average student score is in the sufficient category; (2) in the step of making a plan, the average student score is in the insufficient category; (3) in the step of implementing the plan, the average student score is in the insufficient category; (4) in the step of looking back, the average student score is in the insufficient category.
Kickstarting the Use of AI and Data Across the Biotech Industry
Authors: Singh Raminderpal , Truter Nina , Conway John , Thomas Janette , Wilkie Neil , Bender Andreas
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence has led to tremendous progress in areas such as image and speech recognition, but both adoption and impact in biotech and pharma has been lagging behind in relative terms. While fundamental reasons for this exist - such as a very different nature of the data available, and the different decisions that need to be supported in biotech/pharma, compared to ‘tech’ - there are also very practical and organisational barriers in place that need addressing. This article outlines some of those challenges, potential solutions, and makes a case for the HitchhikersAI.org grassroots movement that is aiming to improve upon the status-quo.
Multi-Task GAN for Remote Sensing Image Synthesis Based on Semantic Labels
Authors: Niu Zhenye , Li Yuxia , Gong Yushu , He Lei , Zhang Jinglin , Xia Yongqiang
Published: November 2024

Data-driven deep learning models are widely employed for semantic segmentation in remote sensing images. However, the scarcity of large, labeled remote sensing datasets limits these models' ability to fully utilize available information. To address this, generative model-based data augmentation has shown great potential. While existing generative models perform well in natural scene domains (e.g., faces and street scenes), they encounter challenges in remote sensing due to high data imbalance and the semantic similarity of land cover classes. To tackle these challenges, we propose a Multi-Task Generative Adversarial Network (MTGAN) for generating remote sensing images from semantic labels. Our model features a dual-branch architecture with a global generator that captures the overall image structure and land cover class-specific generators that improve the quality and differentiation of land cover types. To integrate these multi-task generators, we design a shared parameter encoder for consistent feature encoding across two branches, and a spatial decoder that synthesizes outputs from the class-specific generators, preventing overlap and confusion. Additionally, we employ perceptual loss (LVGG) to assess perceptual similarity between generated and real images, and texture matching loss (LT) to capture fine texture details. To evaluate the quality of image generation, we tested multiple models on two datasets from Chongzhou, Sichuan Province, and Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province, China. The results show that our model improves LPIPS by 0.0297 and FID by 52.86 compared to Pix2Pix. We also conducted comparative experiments to assess the semantic segmentation accuracy of the U-Net before and after incorporating the generated images. The results show that data augmentation with the generated images leads to an improvement of 4.47% in FWIoU and 3.23% in OA across the two datasets.
Disruptive Business Model For Higher Education
Authors: Abushawish Aya Rizik
Published: November 2024

The higher education landscape has significantly evolved with the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and outcome-driven business models. This study explores how IoT technologies and new business models are transforming higher education, particularly in light of global disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. A key innovation discussed is the concept of personalized degrees, allowing students to design custom degree programs accredited by frameworks like ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology) to match their learning objectives. The study investigates current trends in higher education, focusing on IoT’s role in creating flexible educational models that address the needs of modern learners and the workforce. An empirical survey was conducted involving students, faculty, and parents to assess the use of online learning technologies in higher education. The survey results support the potential of this new business model, but also reveal significant resistance to change, particularly from teachers, parents, and students who doubt the effectiveness of online education. As a result, higher education institutions must undertake campaigns to inform and persuade stakeholders about the value and legitimacy of these innovative models, to drive acceptance and adoption.
Enhancing Autonomous Vehicle Perception: A 6-DOF Pose Estimation Framework Using Deep Learning
Authors: Li Muyun , Lu Yi , Yao You
Published: November 2024

This research addresses the critical challenge of precise perception of surrounding vehicles' positions and orientations in autonomous driving environments. We aim to develop an algorithm to estimate the absolute 6-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) pose of vehicles from single images using a dataset of over 60,000 labeled 3D vehicle instances. Our approach integrates Faster R-CNN for 2D bounding box detection, Q-Net for 6D-pose regression, and DenseNet for enhanced feature extraction. Data analysis revealed attribution errors in pitch and yaw and significant variance in spatial accuracy across different vehicle models. By fine-tuning the Faster R-CNN on BDD100k and our dataset, and employing weighted bounding box and point fusion techniques, our model outperforms existing methods in accuracy and robustness. This work provides a reliable method for autonomous vehicles to perceive their surroundings accurately, enhancing navigation safety and efficiency.
Treating Cancer Cachexia Should Be Essential in Cancer Care
Authors: Zhang Lingbing , Bonomi Philip D.
Published: November 2024

Background: Cancer cachexia manifests as a multifaceted syndrome characterized by weight loss, appetite loss, muscle wasting, fatigue, weakness, and systemic disturbances, affecting patients’ physical function and quality of life (QoL). Despite these negative effects, cancer cachexia treatments have often been limited to supportive care with the primary objective of symptom relief. Methods: We evaluated papers published in English from January 2010 to January 2024 searched over PubMed, and Google Scholar databases using search terms “cancer cachexia”, “cachexia treatment”, “essential care”, and “immune disorder” and their combinations with suitable Boolean operators. Studies beyond 10 years and studies not reporting CAC, essential care, and anti-inflammatory interventions were excluded. Results: Essential care encompasses routine screening for cachexia using criteria such as the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) or the Cachexia Score (CASCO), and therapeutic approaches that identify and inhibit mechanisms that are driving cachexia. Managing this multifactorial syndrome has involved a multimodal approach that has included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, nutritional support, physical activity, appetite-stimulating agents, and specific androgen receptor modulators. These approaches have not been successful. Instead, identifying drugs and biologics that are immunomodulators targeting the molecular and cellular immune dysfunction promoting cachexia is a strategy that could reduce symptoms and improve outcomes in cachectic cancer patients. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the integration of cancer cachexia management into routine cancer care. It also highlights the potential of targeted therapies, such as immunomodulators to address the underlying immune disorders driving cachexia.
Self-Identification in AI: ChatGPT’s Current Capability for Mirror Image Recognition
Authors: Watchus Berend
Published: November 2024

This paper explores a novel approach to self-recognition in artificial intelligence (AI) systems by integrating ChatGPT with a mirror image recognition process. Unlike previous models that emphasize emergent self-awareness through complex feedback loops and emotional interfaces, this research presents a more direct method of self-identification, where ChatGPT plays a key role in interpreting visual data from the robot's reflection. We detail the steps involved in equipping the TurtleBot 3 with the ability to recognize itself via image processing and how ChatGPT aids in confirming self-awareness. This research bridges current AI capabilities and the long-standing mirror test (Gallup, 1970) in an accessible, technical manner.
Are Entry Gate and Survival Route Dysregulated by Lipid Peroxidation End-Product in Glycolysis in Diabetes Mellitus?
Authors: Mondal Anwesa , Pramanik Subhasish , Mondal Lakshmi Kanta
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background: Persistently hyperglycemic condition in type 2 diabetic mellitus disrupts the controlled coordinated system of glucose metabolism by glycolysis and this is aggravated by lipid peroxidation end products (ALEs). Purpose of this study is to determine the role of advanced lipoxidation end products on the activities of hexokinase, the gatekeeper enzyme and lactate dehydrogenase, the survival enzyme of glycolysis in different stages of diabetic retinopathy.
Methods: In the present study, we enrolled a total of 236 consecutively selected subjects comprising of 57 healthy control (HC), 59 diabetics with no retinopathy (DNR), 55 mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (MNPDR or just NPDR), and 65 high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (HRPDR). Erythrocyte Hexokinase (HK) activity was assessed by specific methods. The activity of hexokinase was expressed as µmol of glucose phosphorylated/min/g Hb. Lactase Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in plasma was estimated utilizing an LDH-P kit (Cat. No. D94651, DIALAB, Neudorf, Austria). Hexanoyl Lysine (HLY) was measured by competitive enzyme immune assay technique using commercial kits.
Results: Hexokinase activity is significantly dependent on advanced lipid peroxidation products, HLY.
Conclusion: At the progression of DR (MNPDRHRPDR) from DNR group, dysregulation of glycolytic pathway by lipid peroxidation is responsible.
Advanced Techniques for Dynamic Power Reduction in SRAM Circuits: A Physics-Based Approach
Authors: Saipidinov Zhusupbek
Published: November 2024

Dynamic power reduction in SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) is essential for improving energy efficiency in modern digital systems, especially in processors and embedded devices. As SRAM power consumption contributes significantly to overall chip power, optimizing power in SRAM is critical. This thesis explores recent techniques for dynamic power reduction in SRAM, with a focus on architectural modifications, dynamic voltage scaling, adaptive voltage supply, and optimized circuit designs. This abstract outlines the need for low-power SRAM in reducing heat, noise, and electro-migration, particularly in high-performance computing. The research highlights how Multi-Tree Voltage Regulator (MTR) techniques and other dynamic power management methods contribute to significant reductions in power and heat generation, thereby enhancing both performance and reliability.
Geographic Distribution of Lung & Bronchus Cancer Mortality and Elevation in the United States: Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and Spatial Statistics
Authors: Ha Hoehun
Published: November 2024

Lung and bronchus cancer, collectively called lung cancer, remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, with its incidence and mortality rates continuing to pose significant public health challenges. Numerous studies have explored various risk factors for lung cancer, including smoking, environmental pollutants, genetic predispositions, and occupational hazards. However, emerging research suggests that elevation above sea level may also influence lung and bronchus cancer prevalence and outcomes. We analyzed altitude data for 2,662 contiguous U.S. counties to determine if there is a significant relationship between lung cancer and elevation. Moreover, we employed hierarchical multiple regression and complex sample general linear model (CSGLM) to enhance understanding of the factors influencing lung and bronchus cancer, with a particular focus on elevation. Using the Local Moran’s I cluster analysis, we identified statistically significant hot spots and cold spots for the mortality rate related to lung cancer. In the hierarchical regression model, a significant correlation between lung cancer and elevation remained evident. This suggests that the risk of mortality from lung and bronchus cancer increases with decreasing elevation (R2 = 0.601). Furthermore, within the CSGLM framework, an R2 value of 0.763 highlighted a strong link between lung cancer mortality and elevation. This relationship remained significant even after accounting complex sample designs and applying weight adjustments. This geographic correlation has not been documented in previous studies. Further research is necessary to elucidate the precise mechanisms through which elevation influences lung cancer biology.
Infant Crying, Sleeping, and Feeding Problems in Times of Societal Crises: The Mediating Role of Parenting Stress on Parenting Behavior in Fathers and Mothers
Authors: Richter Katharina Marie , Friedmann Anna , Mall Volker , Augustin Michaela
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Infant regulatory problems (RP), i.e. crying, sleeping, and feeding problems, are associated with unfavourable outcomes in later childhood. RP increased during the pandemic, however their occurence in the face of today’s societal challenges remains unclear. RP are strongly linked to parenting stress and less positive parenting behaviors but their interplay is less investigated. Methods: In this cross-sectional questionnaire-based study (ntotal =7,039), we compared incidences of crying, sleeping, and feeding problems in infants (0-2 years) in a pandemic (npandemic= 1,391) versus a post-pandemic (npost-pandemic= 5,648) sample in Germany. We also investigated the relationship between post-pandemic infant RP and parenting behaviors with parenting stress as a potential mediator for fathers and mothers. Results: Crying/ Sleeping problems (34.8%) and excessive crying (6.3%) were significantly higher pronounced in the post-pandemic sample. In both mothers and fathers, infant RP were significantly associated with less positive parenting behaviors. Parenting stress partially mediated this rela-tionship. Conclusions: RP in the post-pandemic era are even higher pronounced than during the pandemic, highlighting the imperative for health care professionals to focus on infant mental health. Par-enting stress emerges as an entry point for addressing the cycle of infant RP and maladaptive behaviors in both fathers and mothers.
Finite element modeling of aquatic electrical barriers—voltage and current distributions : Brandon Road Lock and Dam Interbasin Project—electric fish deterrent design recommendations
Authors: Hartshorn Caylin , Barrowes Benjamin
Published: November 2024

Invasive carp (black, grass, silver, and bighead) are native to Asia and were imported into the US during the 1970s and 1980s to help fish farmers manage water quality and vegetation. Unfortunately, these carp became established in the Mississippi River and have led to a decline in native fish species. To prevent their spread from the Mississippi River Basin to the Great Lakes Basin via the Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS), the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operates a series of four electric dispersal barriers near Romeoville, Illinois in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal (CSSC). To supplement these barriers, USACE was authorized to construct a series of aquatic nuisance species deterrents, including an electric deterrent, approximately 11 river miles downstream at Brandon Road Lock and Dam (BR). Throughout the BR electric deterrent design process, the dispersal barriers at the CSSC have served as the prototype systems used in the development of the concepts. Additionally, USACE has worked with the US Army Cold Regions Research Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) to develop a finite element numerical model (COMSOL) that predicts voltage and electric current distributions for a given electrode and waterway geometry.
Heat Transfer Enhancement By Using Different Patterns Of The Receiver Circumference Of The Locally Fabricated
Authors: Muhammad Khalid Abdullah , Mahmood Yaseen H. , Zidane Othman K.
Published: November 2024

العمل الحالي تمت محاولة تجريبية لتحسين الاداء الحراري للجامع الشمسي نوع حوض مكافئ باستخدام اربعة انواع مختلفة من المحيط بالمستقبل. عند سرعة تدفق كتلي L/min1، استخدمنا ماء منزوع الايونات كمائع ناقل للحرارة ونظام تتبع احادي المحور( شمال-جنوب). الاختبار التجريبي تم في مدينة الموصل-العراق خلال ايام مختارة من الاشهر (أيار، حزيران، تموز) سنة 2023 خلال وقت النهار (9 صباحاً – 4 مساءاً). بينت النتائج عندما يكون الهواء هو محيط بالمستقبل كانت الطاقة الحرارية المفيدة اعلى قيمة لها تساوي watt557 واقل قيمة watt69 وبمعدل 335watt. عند استخدام الزجاج المطلي بالكروم الاسود مع ليف المنيوم ويكون مفرغ من الهواء كانت الطاقة الحرارية المفيدة اعلى قيمة لها تساوي 1247watt واقل قيمة 146watt وبمعدل 335watt. عند استخدام الزجاج المطلي بالكروم الاسود مع مادة القير كانت الطاقة الحرارية المفيدة اعلى قيمة لها تساوي 620watt واقل قيمة 69watt وبمعدل 324watt. عند استخدام زجاج ابيض شفاف كانت الطاقة الحرارية المفيدة اعلى قيمة لها تساوي  759wattواقل قيمة 97wattوبمعدل 427427watt. هذهِ النتائج تبين، استخدام الزجاج المطلي بالكروم الاسود مع ليف المنيوم ويكون مفرغ من الهواء يعطي افضل اداء حراري بالمقارنة مع الانواع الاخرة من المحيط بالمستقبل المستخدمة في هذا العمل.
Finite Dimensional Convex Fuzzy Normed Space and Its Basic Properties
Authors: Daher Hawraa Yousif , Kider Jehad R.
Published: November 2024

هنا في هذه البحث تعريف القيمة المطلقة الضبابية المحدبة تم استدعائه مع مثال يوضح الوجود لهذا الفضاء.السبب الرئيس من وراء استخدام تعريف القيمة المطلقة الضبابية المحدبة بدلا من تعريف القيمة المطلقة هو إن التعريف الأساسي في هذا البحث لا يصح مع تعريف القيمة المطلقة. بعد ذلك التعريف الأساسي والذي هو تعريف فضاء القياس الضبابي المحدب تم استدعائه مع مثال يوضح الوجود لهذا الفضاء. التعاريف الأخرى والمبرهنات تم استدعائها والتي سوف تستخدم لاحقا في فقرة النتائج الأساسية مثلا دالة فضاء القياس الضبابي هي دالة مستمرة ضبابيا محدبة. لذا سيكون هدفنا الأساسي في فقرة النتائج والاستنتاجات هو برهان خواص لفضاء القياس الضبابي المحدب المنتهي البعد والتي هي غير متحققة في فضاء القياس الضبابي المحدب وعليه ستكون الفقرة الأخيرة من هذا البحث النتائج التالية مع البراهين إذا كان   فضاء جزئي من فضاء القياس المحدب  وبعد  منتهي عندئذ يكون فضاء جزئي كامل ضبابي محدب. كذلك إذا كان  فضاء جزئي مغلق ضبابي محدب ومقيد ضبابي محدب من فضاء القياس الضبابي المحدب منهي البعد عندئذ يكون  متراص ضبابي محدب. بالإضافة إلى إذا كان فضاء متجهات  منتهي البعد عندئذ يوجد قياس ضبابي وحيد معرف عليه. وأخيرا إذا كان  ={: the convex fuzzy norm of  belongs to (0, 1] } هو فضاء مغلق ضبابي محدب في   ومتراص ضبابي
A Systematic Review on Sentiment Analysis for Sindhi Text
Authors: Soomro Safdar Ali , Yuhaniz Siti Sophiayati , Dootio Mazhar Ali , Murtaza Ghulam , Mughal Muhammad Hussain
Published: November 2024

نظرًا لتطبيقه في مجالات مثل عناوين الأخبار، وشراء المنتجات عبر الإنترنت، والتسويق، وإدارة السمعة، فقد ارتفعت أنشطة رفع الوعي في مجال استخراج الرأي بشكل ملحوظ. أصبحت مدونات الإنترنت والمواقع الاجتماعية ومتاجر التسوق الإلكترونية مرجعًا مهمًا للمعلومات التي ينتجها المستخدم. تتطلع شركات التصنيع والمبيعات والتسويق بشكل متزايد إلى هذا المورد للحصول على تعليقات عالمية حول ممارساتها وعناصرها. تتم مشاركة ملايين العبارات السندية يوميًا على مواقع الوسائط الإخبارية وTwitter وFacebook وSnapchat. إن تجاهل آراء الناس في اللغة السندية والتركيز فقط على اللغات الغنية بالموارد في العالم الغربي يؤدي إلى خسارة فادحة لهذه الكمية الكبيرة من البيانات. تركز هذه الدراسة على جمع وتقييم المنشورات المرتبطة باللغة السندية استجابة لمناهج التصنيف واستخراج الميزات والمعالجة المسبقة. تقدم الدراسة الحالية فحصًا شاملاً للعمل المنجز على كلمات اللغة السندية للعناصر أو تقييم العلامة التجارية. تركز الدراسة الحالية على الاستحواذ القائم على المجموعة، وتقنيات التصنيف، واستخراج الميزات، والمعالجة المسبقة للبيانات، والمنهجيات، والقيود. تم تقييم كل مقالة تمت مراجعتها وتصنيفها على أساس معايير معينة محددة. وبناء على النتائج، سوف تقترح هذه الدراسة عدة طرق مفيدة للتحقيق في المستقبل.
Verification and Demonstration of the Ability of Plasma Generated from Dielectric Barrier Discharge to Oxidize
Authors: A. N. Yasoob
Published: November 2024

إن قابلية البلازما الباردة على الاكسدة تلعب الدور الاساسي في قتل البكتيريا وأكسدة الدهون وتعقيم المعدات الطبية وتطبيقاتها في تنقية الهواء ومياه الصرف الصحي، ولهذا السبب فإن قدرة البلازما الباردة على أكسدة المواد هي عامل مهم يجب دراسته. في هذه الدراسة تم االتحقق عن قابلية البلازما الباردة الناتجة عن تفريغ حاجز العزل الكهربائي (DBD) على أكسدة المواد من خلال استخدام أوقات تعريض مختلفة (5, 10, 15, 20 دقيقة) واثباتها من خلال عدة قياسات: تغير لون الصبغة القرمزي النيلي من اللون الازرق الداكن. تدريجيا إلى الأصفر مع تغير ازمان التعريض، الانخفاض الكبير في الاس الهيدروجيني مما يدل على حامضية الوسط بسبب الاكسدة، والزيادة في جهد الأكسدة (ORP) والتوصيلية الكهربائية (EC)، تم إثبات ذلك طيفيًا من خلال لوحظ وجود العديد من أنواع الأكسجين والنيتروجين التفاعلية عند تفاعل بلازما الطور الغازي وبخار الماء بتعزيزه (الأنواع التفاعلية المثارة، والطاقات والالكترونات الناتجة من التفاعل) . وقد لوحظ أن مدة التعرض البالغة 15 دقيقة هي أقصى فترة تحدث فيها الأكسدة وبعدها يحدث التشبع حيث بقي اللون الأصفر لم يتغير وكذلك بالنسبة للطيف.
Design Hybrid Architecture to Implement AES Algorithm on FPGA for IoT Applications
Authors: Mohammed Nada Qasim , Amir Amiza , Salih Muataz Hammed , Ahmad R. Badlishah , Matem Rima , Thalji Nisrean , Mohammed Qasim , Abbas Jamal Kamil K. , Al-Shakhli Taha Raad
Published: November 2024

تتطلب خوارزميات التشفير عالية الأمان مثل AES قدرات حسابية عالية لتحقيق أمن المعلومات. لذلك، من الضروري استخدام بنيات الحوسبة المتوازية التي تستغل التقنيات الحديثة في التوازيات المكانية للحصول على أكبر قدر من القوة الحسابية التي يمكن تصورها. تم إدخال تقنيات مختلفة لتحقيق المعالجة المتوازية. إحداها هي مصفوفات البوابات القابلة للبرمجة ميدانيًا (FPGAs)، والتي تتميز بخصائص جيدة مناسبة لتنفيذ بنيات متوازية مع استهلاك أقل للطاقة. تهدف الورقة إلى تصميم وتنفيذ جهاز إرسال واستقبال مدمج لبنية محرك المعالجة الحاسوبية ذو أداء عالٍ للحصول على إنتاجية أفضل على تقنية FPGA لتشفير وفك تشفير الصور. في هذا التصميم، تم استخدام لوحتين، "DE1_Soc و NEEK board" مع جهاز Altera Quartus prime 18.1، وجهاز cyclone V 5CSEMA5F31C6 FPGA للتوليف والمحاكاة. أظهرت نتائج التنفيذ أن البنية المقترحة تتمتع بكفاءة الأداء من حيث تردد التشغيل 600 ميكا هرتز والإنتاجية 76.8 كيكا هرتز.
Simultaneous Determination of Lisinopril and Amlodipine Using Third Derivative Spectroscopy
Authors: Aldewachi Hasan
Published: November 2024

في الدراسة الحالية، تم قياس التراكيز الدوائية المتزامن لثنائي هيدرات ليسينوبريل وأملوديبين في أشكالهما النقية وفي التركيبات الصيدلانية باستخدام قياس الطيف الضوئي المشتق الثالث. العملية سهلة ودقيقة ودقيقة واقتصادية. تم تحليل الأدوية في التركيبة المركبة باستخدام طريقة نقطة عبور الصفر. تم اكتشاف أن ليسينوبريل وأملوديبين لهما أطوال موجية (204 و 240 نانومتر) و (248 و 272 نانومتر) ، على التوالي ، في وسط المذيب في نطاق تركيز 5-45 جم / مل و 5-40 جم / مل ، على التوالي . وكانت النتائج متماشية إلى حد كبير مع المنهجية المقبولة. لم تظهر سواغ الأقراص الشائعة أي تداخلات. كان معدل استرداد ليسينوبريل ثنائي الهيدرات 98.57 إلى 103.42٪ وأملوديبين 95.14 إلى 102.80٪. تم قياس أملوديبين بيزيلات وثنائي هيدرات ليسينوبريل بشكل مرضي باستخدام هذه التقنية في الحبوب الدوائية