bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RAPID IN VITRO CALLOGENESIS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF LEAF, STEM AND LEAF CALLUS OF MUSSAENDA FRONDOSA LINN. - A MEDICINAL PLANT.
Authors: Dj Manasa , Kr Chandrashekar , N Bhagya
Published: June 2017

Objective: To standardise the protocol for rapid callogenesis in Mussaenda frondosa L. using leaf explants. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of leaf, stem and callus cultures.Methods: The leaf explants were inoculated onto MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations of growth regulators such as 2, 4 - D, NAA, BAP, Kn for the induction of callus. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of total phenol, flavonoids and alkaloids contents of leaf, stem and callus were tested by standard methods.  The antioxidant activities were investigated using DPPH radical scavenging method and reducing power assay. The anti - inflammatory activity was evaluated by membrane stabilizing activity.Results: Pale green, healthy, friable and fast growing callus was obtained on the medium enriched with NAA (2mg/l) + Kn (4mg/l). Quantitative determination showed the highest concentration of total phenolics in the methanolic extract of in vitro grown callus (10 ± 1.1 mg of GA/g of extract), flavonoids in methanolic stem extract (137±1.6 mg of Quercitin/g of extract) and alkaloids in methanolic extract of leaf (118.3±1.5 mg/10g of extract). The methanolic leaf extract exhibited highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 40.6±10.06 μg/ml. The highest membrane stabilizing activity was shown by chloroform extract of the leaf (66.02%).Conclusion: The present preliminary phytochemical and pharmacological analysis may form the basis for drug development in future using callus cultures of M. frondosa.
PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS IN TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER AS A POTENTIAL TARGET FOR FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY
Authors: Gupta Mekhla , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Khanna Seema
Published: June 2017

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women globally, in which triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more aggressive with poor prognosis and very less response to targeted hormone based treatment. It is a major cause of deaths among the women with breast cancer because of very few treatment options. The biomarkers could be a product of cancerous cell or molecule generated in response to cancer. It is used to understand the mechanism, prognosis, diagnosis as well as target for design and discovery of new drugs. The purpose of the study is to give a brief review onmarkers of TNBC.
ANTIBIOTIC UTILIZATION PATTERN AT THE SURGERY DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Raut Asawari , Cherian Tirzah , Chauhan Shreepa , Pawar Atmaram
Published: June 2017

Objective: The present study aims to determine the pattern of antibiotic utilization at the surgery department of a tertiary care hospital.Method: A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 6 months period in surgical ward at Bharti Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, a 1000 bedded teaching hospital. Patients above 18 years and receiving antibiotic therapy pre and post-surgery were included in the study.Results:160 patients with surgical operations were included in the study.The disease spectrum was classified into respective system-wise surgical procedures of which 49.37% cases are skin & soft tissue infections, 25.62% cases of general surgical procedure, 12.5% cases of gastrointestinal surgical procedure, 11.25% cases of urinary system and 1.25% case of head neck system. 20.62% of the study patients had hernia, 18.12% patients had cellulitis, 16.87% patients had diabetic foot ulcer, 16.25% patients had abscess, and 10.62% patients had appendicitis and cholelithiasis. In this study, it was found that 471 antibiotics were used in total of 160 patients, among which highest group of antibiotics prescribed were third generation Cephalosporin (28.23%) followed by Penicillins (23.56%). The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were Metronidazole − 19.74% among the Nitroimidazoles followed by Ceftriaxone − 19.53% of the class Cephalosporins.Conclusion: The rate of prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics has increased demonstrably which may result in development of bacterial resistance; however development of guidelines for antibiotic prescription and use of appropriate drugs for the diseases can minimize the unfavourable use of antibiotics and cost of healthcare.
PARTICULATE DELIVERY SYSTEM OF CHITOSAN - DITERPENE LACTONE FRACTION OF SAMBILOTO (ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA NEES): PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO DRUG RELEASE
Authors: Sari Retno , Soeratri Widji , Hendradi Esti
Published: June 2017

Objective: This paper was aimed to study the effect of chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker, and diterpene lactone fraction of sambiloto (FDTL) from Andrographis paniculata Nees which contained 75.9% andrographolide on the characteristics of the FDTL-chitosan particulate system. Those characteristics were the physicochemical interaction, physical state, morphology, and drug entrapment efficiency. The in vitro drug release of the selected FDTL-chitosan particulate system was also evaluated.Methods: The particulate system of FDTL-chitosan was prepared by ionic gelation–spray drying method with the various amounts of TPP, chitosan, and FDTL. The physical characteristics were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential thermal analyzer (DTA), and X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope. In vitro drug release was performed in 0.1% sodium lauryl sulfate media at 37°C.Results: The results of FTIR and DTA analysis were in accordance with the results of morphology evaluation which indicated that chitosan-TPP ratio 10:8 could produce chitosan particles with a spherical and smooth surface. FDTL has been trapped in chitosan particulate systems, and the crystallinity of FDTL changed. Particulate systems with FDTL-chitosan-TPP ratio - 4:10:8 showed better characteristics compared to others with entrapment efficiency of 33.82%. The dissolution efficiency at 360 minutes (ED360) of particulate systems FDTL-chitosan was higher up to 1.5 times compared to FDTL.Conclusion: The difference in the ratio of chitosan and TPP affected the morphology of chitosan particles since the amount of drug loaded, and the amount of chitosan affected the drug entrapment. The ED360 of FDTL of FDTL-chitosan-TPP increased up to 1.5 times compared to the FDTL.
The role of local government in developing small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Sudibyo Yudha Aryo , Soesanto Edy , Soetjitro Pandu
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study is to determine the local government support needed for increasing the performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). There are contradicting points of view among researchers with regard to the necessity for the government to intervene in the operation of the enterprises. This study attempts to answer questions on the effect of such interventions in a developing country. The data were collected through questionnaires that were distributed to the SMEs in certain territories in a developing country. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the data. The results show that the government support process, the government support policy and social networking have a positive influence on the performance of SMEs. The government support process exhibits the strongest effect on SMEs’ satisfaction as a moderating variable.
ETYMOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON SOME ACCOUNTING TERMS
Authors: Baladouni Vahé
Published: June 2017

Selected on the basis of their etymological appeal to the author, eighteen accounting terms are traced to their earliest ascertainable form and meaning in the family of languages to which they belong. Such an investigation not only reveals something of our past, but also helps energize the conceptual landscape of our vocabulary.a
THE EVOLUTION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT INDEXATION IN BRAZIL
Authors: Doupnik Timothy S.
Published: June 2017

Accounting for inflation is one of the more controversial topics in financial reporting. This paper traces the evolution of the system of inflation accounting used in one of the most highly inflationary economies in the world—Brazil. The history of inflation accounting in Brazil (known as monetary correction) is divided into three time periods: pre-1964, 1964 to 1976, and 1976 to the present. The events pertinent to the system of monetary correction in each of these periods are first discussed and then evaluated. It is shown that the system of monetary correction has been subject to massive political pressures since its inception, but gradual improvements have taken place over the years.
FINANCIAL REPORTING IN THE EARLY YEARS OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY
Authors: Baladouni Vahé
Published: June 2017

The first archival period (1600–1663) of the (English) East India Company is marked by an absence of accounting materials. A small number of financial statements have escaped peril, however, and found their way to the India Office Library and Records in London. Of these, two are of singular interest. Along with related Company minutes, these statements are analyzed and interpreted in this paper. They shed some light on the reporting practices and concepts of the early years of the incorporated joint-stock company.
A HISTORY OF POOLING OF INTERESTS ACCOUNTING FOR BUSINESS COMBINATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Rayburn Frank R. , Powers Ollie S.
Published: June 2017

This paper traces the development of pooling of interests accounting for business combinations from 1945 to 1991. The history of the pooling concept is reviewed chronologically with particular emphasis on the events of 1969–1970 that were related to the most recent pronouncement on the subject, Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 16. Early in its life (1974), the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) placed a project on its agenda to reconsider pooling of interests accounting. That project was removed from the FASB's agenda in 1981. APB Opinion No. 16 has gone essentially unchanged as it relates to the accounting for a business combination as a pooling of interests. Resolution of implementation issues has been left largely to the Securities and Exchange Commission and the accounting profession. The FASB has a project on its agenda on Consolidations and Related Matters that may impact pooling of interests accounting. There also is some pressure for the FASB to revisit accounting for business combinations.
THE EVOLUTION OF THE PROFIT CONCEPT: ONE ORGANIZATION'S EXPERIENCE
Authors: McWatters Cheryl
Published: June 2017

The accounting innovation and change literature has emphasized the contingent relationship between the accounting system and a variety of environmental forces. This paper utilizes a longitudinal analysis to evaluate this contingent relationship within one nineteenth century organization, The Calvin Company. The results generally are consistent with most findings from the literature. In particular, the study examines the shift in the profit concept to a short-versus a long-term perspective. This has parallels with the emerging role of the corporate form of business organization and the entity, as opposed to, proprietary view of accounting.

The accounting system shaped the organizational reality to the extent that the accounting for an event had a subsequent impact upon The Calvin Company's direction. The conclusions highlight the contextual nature of accounting. Accounting and accounting change must be interpreted in terms of the underlying developments within the entity, and within its external environment.
THE INSTITUTIONAL EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP: THE UNITED STATES GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE AND ITS AUDIT REPORT REVIEW PROCESS
Authors: Basu Onker N.
Published: June 2017

In accounting research, the role of organizational leaders has been underrepresented. The limited research dealing with leadership issues has focused on the impact of leadership on micro activities such as performance evaluation, budget satisfaction, and audit team performance. The impact of leadership on the structure of accounting and audit systems and organizations has been ignored.

This paper focuses on the impact that past Comptrollers General have had on the working and structure of one federal audit agency, the United States General Accounting Office (GAO). In addition, it also focuses on the influence of the two most recent Comptrollers General on one important audit related activity, i.e., the audit report review process. Using qualitative field research methods, this paper documents how the organizational leadership impacts its long-term audit practices and thereby influences auditing, especially in the public sector.
SMALL-TIME ACCOUNTING: A 19TH CENTURY MEAT MERCHANT IN MAINE
Authors: Vollmers Gloria , Bay Darlene
Published: June 2017

The journal of Amos K. Hersey, a 19th century meat merchant from Pembroke, Maine is examined in this paper. The accounting system used by Hersey is analyzed and compared with contemporary prescriptions for account keeping. The paper seeks to contribute to the emerging literature on the history of accounting among ordinary people. It shows how the accounts kept by Hersey reflect and illuminate several features of a local economy and society.
FINANCIAL CRISES AND THE PUBLICATION OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF BANKS IN SPAIN, 1844–1868
Authors: Lloréns Mercedes Bernal
Published: June 2017

Financial crises have had a decisive influence on banking regulations in Spain. During the mid-19th century the publication of the financial statements of banks was considered key to the stability of the financial system. All new joint stock banking companies were to publish their statements in the Madrid Gazette in return for the privilege of limited liability. Similar obligations were placed on issuing banks. The copious publication of financial statements coincided with a period of financial prosperity. However, the crises that followed from 1864 to 1868 led to a reduction in the official publication of statements. This paper is concerned with an early response to crises in financial reporting. The study focuses on the relationship between the publication of accounting statements by banks and the GDP in Spain during the mid-19th century. The results suggest that the frequency of publication of financial statements may be an indicator of economic performance.
A CONTINGENCY THEORY PERSPECTIVE ON MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN AMONG U.S. ANTE-BELLUM SLAVE PLANTATIONS
Authors: Stewart Louis J.
Published: June 2017

This paper examines the management control-system design of mid-19th century U.S. slave plantations using a contingency theory framework. Large rice plantations that relied on forced labor and tidal-flow agricultural technology were very profitable for their owners. This paper presents a model that links these favorable operating results to a close fit between the control-system design and three key contingent environmental variables. Absentee owners hired managers to provide on-site oversight and periodic operational reporting. These managers relied on slave drivers to assign individualized daily tasks to the plantation's field hands and monitor their performance. Productive field slaves were rewarded with greater free time each working day. In addition, many slaves worked cooperatively with their masters to obtain better jobs outside the rice fields and cash income. Ultimately, however, it was the institution of chattel slavery that kept the slaves working in the rice fields under oppressive and unhealthy conditions.
Richard Brief's Contributions to Accounting Thought: Enlivening Accounting History
Authors: Bloom Robert
Published: June 2017

This is a personal appreciation of Richard Brief, the accounting historian and professor, who died in 2013. Dick served as a member of my doctoral dissertation committee in 1975–1976. The author of a number of provocative articles on the evolution of accounting practice in the United States and abroad, he published in The Journal of Accounting Research, The Accounting Review, and Business History Review. Brief was well-known for editing numerous books on accounting history in the United States and abroad. Additionally, his papers on the application of statistics to accounting issues and financial statement ratios were forerunners in the mathematical modeling of accounting research.
HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF THE BALANCE SHEET IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Authors: Yang Shizhong , Yang Ruining , Lin Z. Jun
Published: June 2017

This paper exhibits the historical evolution of the balance sheet in the People's Republic of China. In particular, we examine three major changes in the balance sheet (which reports the financial position of an economic or business entity) since the founding of the new China in 1949 and the political, social and economic changes during this period. The content, structure and presentation of the balance sheet (or alternative forms of the statement in use) are illustrated. The political and economic factors driving its evolution are analyzed to assist readers in understanding the rapid changes in Chinese accounting over the last six decades. The implications of the Chinese experience for international accounting convergence are also briefly outlined.
FUNDS STATEMENTS: THE ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES BOARD WAS TWICE BEHIND THE CURVE
Authors: Zeff Stephen A.
Published: June 2017

This paper discusses the circumstances in which the Accounting Principles Board (APB) issued Opinions 3 and 19, in 1963 and 1971, respectively, when the Board encouraged and then required companies to publish a statement of source and application of funds, known as the funds statement. In doing so, the Board both times lagged behind company practice and the views of influential organizations, including the New York Stock Exchange and the Securities and Exchange Commission.
THE PRESIDENT'S REPORT (1889)
Authors: Heins John
Published: June 2017

This represents an extract from the handwritten minutes of the Annual General Meeting of the American Association of Public Accountants, Monday, May 27, 1889. The extract is the Report of the President John Heins. This version, in typewritten form came to the attention of researchers at the University of Florida in 1971.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNlVERSITY AND PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANCY EDUCATION IN NEW ZEALAND
Authors: Gaffikin M. J. R.
Published: June 2017

University teaching of accountancy in New Zealand is probably unique in that it has developed hand in hand with the educational requirements of the profession. Although this close relationship did much to stimulate accounting education in the early years this is not so now. In attempting to meet the requirements of the profession and develop independent programmes the universities have been forced into an uneasy compromise. Those United States institutions which have recently created Professional Schools of Accounting may well find themselves similarly placed in the near future.
Influencia del residuo de mampostería (RM) como material cementicio suplementario en la elaboración de morteros
Authors: Silva Urrego Yimmy Fernando , Gordillo Marisol , Delvasto Arjona Silvio
Published: June 2017

La producción del cemento portland es responsable de aproximadamente el 5% de las emisiones globales de dióxido de carbono (CO2) en todo el mundo. Una importante contribución a la sostenibilidad de esta industria es el empleo de puzolanas que disminuyan el contenido de cemento portland para la elaboración de concreto, y más si el material que se utiliza proviene de un residuo como son los de construcción y demolición; por ello se propone el empleo de residuos de mampostería como material alternativo a las puzolanas. En este artículo se presentan los resultados experimentales de la caracterización de un residuo de mampostería (RM) y su evaluación puzolánica. El RM en primera instancia se sometió a un estudio de molienda y posterior análisis mediante las técnicas de fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), difracción de rayos X (DRX), análisis termo-gravimétrico (TG) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB). Adicionalmente se evaluó el efecto de la incorporación de RM en la resistencia a la compresión en morteros de cemento portland mediante el reemplazo de este en un rango de 0 a 50% a diferentes edades de curado (7; 28; 65 y 90 días), así como las propiedades de densidad y porosidad a 28 días de curado. Los resultados exhiben que este residuo (RM) presenta un comportamiento puzolánico y su porcentaje óptimo de reemplazo en morteros de cemento portland es de 20%.
THE DOCUMENTS OF THE GREAT AND HOLY COUNCIL OF 2016 CONCERNING THE INNER LIFE OF THE ORTHODOX CHURCH. DEVELOPMENT OF THE DOCUMENTS’ CONTENT
Authors: KUŹMA Andrzej
Published: June 2017

The present paper examines four Documents of the Great and Holy Council of 2016 concerning the Inner Life of the Orthodox Church: 1) The Importance of Fasting and Its Observance Today, 2) Autonomy and the Means by Which it is Proclaimed, 3) The Orthodox Diaspora and 4) The Sacrament of Marriage and its Impediments. The author note the significant evolution of certain texts and assumptions that appear in the documents in the process of preparation.
Belén Atienza, El loco en el espejo. Locura y melancolía en la España de Lope de Vega. Rodopi, Amsterdam, 2009; 270 pp.
Authors: Samperio Jiménez Daniel Arturo
Published: June 2017

Se reseña el libro:El loco en el espejo. Locura y melancolía en la España de Lope de Vega.
Tatiana Aguilar-Álvarez Bay, La verdad poética en José Ángel Valente (1955-1966). El Colegio de México, México, 2011.
Authors: Peinado Elliot Carlos
Published: June 2017

Se reseña el libro:La verdad poética en José Ángel Valente (1955-1966).
Philosophy of Education and Argumentation
Authors: KUZANYAN Satenik
Published: June 2017

This paper presents the basic issues of Philosophy of Education that have been under concern throughout the history, stressing the Janus-faced nature of philosophy of education. Discussing the role, urgency and necessity of argumentation in philosophy of education, the paper presents the understanding of argumentation according to the viewpoint of Yerevan School of Argumentation. It offers the investigation of the argumentation language, its conceptual apparatus in philosophy of education and the study of the components’ functioning specificities.
Aproximación Taxonómica a las Malacofaunas Arqueológicas del Sitio OGSE-46 Samarina y sus Implicancias Socioeconómicas Ambientales en el Guangala Temprano. Cantón La Libertad, Provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador.
Authors: Colcha Lourdes , López Erick
Published: June 2017

Se presenta una síntesis aproximativa del potencial informativo que posee el material arqueomalacológico del sitio OGSE-46 Samarina de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena (UPSE). Indicando un primer listado (inventario) de especies identificadas de moluscos (bivalvos y gasterópodos), así como de las implicancias que a nivel ambiental, económico y cultural (socio-técnico) aportarán, tras un segundo nivel de análisis en profundidad, al conocimiento de la dinámica social de la cultura Guangala que se asentó en el sitio.
Movilidad y Adaptación Biomecánica: Una aproximación a la relación entre territorio y propiedades geométricas de la extremidad inferior en la población prehispánica de Gran Canaria.
Authors: Santana Jonathan , Moreno Marco
Published: June 2017

La relación entre territorio y estructura ósea resulta importante si se quiere delimitar la influencia de este factor y establecer métodos de análisis más precisos en la investigación de la movilidad en poblaciones arqueológicas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo explorar la relación entre movilidad y territorio en la sociedad prehispánica de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias, España). Se evalúan las propiedades geométricas de la extremidad inferior y su relación con la pendiente y el área de captación económica de los asentamientos vinculados a los asentamientos. Esta aportación constituye un modelo que sirve como referencia para el análisis de la movilidad y la influencia del territorio en poblaciones arqueológicas.AbstractThe relationship between territory and bone structure is important to define the influence of this factor and establishing more precise methods of analysis in the investigation of mobility in archaeological populations. This article aims to explore the relationship between mobility and territory in pre-Hispanic society of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). The geometric properties of the lower limb and its relationship with the slope and economic catchment area of settlements related to settlements are evaluated. This contribution is a model that serves as a reference for the analysis of mobility and influence of territory in archaeological populations
Modelo Ecosistémico de Emprendimientos Dinámicos
Authors: Salcedo Patricia , Prado Roger
Published: June 2017

La presente investigación es el resultado del trabajo de investigación analítica, descriptiva de los diferentes agentes del ecosistema creado para la formación de empresas dinámicas, realizado a partir del año 2001, en la Ciudad de La Paz, donde a través de un método cuanti -cualitativo, se diseñó, un nuevo modelo ecosistémico que responda a las necesidades económicas del país y principalmente de los graduados de las universidades, porque son quienes están en condiciones de emprender por oportunidad y lograr una oferta de bienes y servicios, donde la transformación y agregación de valor a la producción primaria, implica el uso de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación como el instrumento fundamental del desarrollo productivo, este modelo eco sistémico establece los vínculos de asociación positiva, que produzcan sinergia y dinamicen la economía de manera virtuosa, con lo cual se concluyó que la aplicación del modelo debería ser monitoreada por una institución pública, que cuente con redes sólidas para lograr la cohesión de equipos de trabajo con alto compromiso y amplia creatividad.

Abstract

This research is the result of analytical research, descriptive of the different actors of the ecosystem created for the formation of dynamic, made from the year 2001 in the city of La Paz, where through a quantitative and qualitative method was designed, a new eco-systemic model that meets the economic needs of the country and mainly university graduates, because they are those who are able to undertake on opportunity and make an offer of goods and services, where the transformation and aggregation value to primary production, involves the use of science, technology and innovation as the fundamental instrument of productive development, this eco-systemic model establishes positive partnerships that produce synergy and revitalize the economy so virtuous, with which it was concluded that the application of the model should be monitored by a public institution that has strong networks to achieve the cohesion of teams with high commitment and broad creativity
Influencia del marketing digital en el proceso de decisión de compra
Authors: Valencia Adrián , Palacios Irene , Cedeño Jairo , Collins Nathyn
Published: June 2017

En los últimos años el marketing digital ha evolucionado causando impacto favorable en las empresas, puesto que la nueva era implica el uso de nuevas herramientas que lo están cambiando todo. Por eso en necesario analizar la influencia de esta, frente a los procesos de decisión de compra indispensables para las empresas, a partir de una encuesta y sesiones de grupo en la provincia de Santa Elena, contando también con entrevistas en profundidad de las gestiones de marketing empleadas por las empresas locales. Los datos del estudio muestran la limitada aplicación de estrategias de marketing digital en las empresas locales, el interés y aceptación de la población estudiada por el uso de estas herramientas, tomando en cuenta muchas ventajas en la utilización de estas.AbstractIn the last years the digital marketing has evolved causing favorable impact in the companies, since the new age implies the use of new tools that are changing everything. Because of it in necessary to analyze the influence of this one, opposite to the indispensable processes of decision of purchase for the companies, from a survey and meetings groups in the province of Santa Elena, possessing also interviews in depth of the negotiations of marketing used by the local companies. The information of the study shows the limited application of strategies of digital marketing in the local companies, the interest and acceptance of the population studied by the use of these tools, bearing in mind many advantages in the utilization of these.
Necrotising fasciitis as atypical presentation of infection with emerging Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W (MenW) clonal complex 11, the Netherlands, March 2017
Authors: Russcher Anne , Fanoy Ewout , van Olden Ger D J , Graafland Antonie D , van der Ende Arie , Knol Mirjam J
Published: June 2017

In March 2017, a patient with necrotising fasciitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W (MenW) clonal complex 11 was diagnosed in the Netherlands. Unusual and severe presentations of MenW infections are common in the current European epidemic. In the Netherlands, the incidence of MenW infections increased 10-fold, from an average of 0.03 per 100,000 population in 2002–2014 to 0.29 in 2016. Awareness of atypical presentations enables timely adequate treatment and public health action.
Transit Corridor Livability: Realizing the Potential of Transportation and Land Use Integration
Authors: Appleyard Bruce , Ferrell Christopher E. , Taecker Matthew
Published: June 2017

In recent years, strategies to promote transportation and land use integration have gained prominence in planning-related fields, believed to yield many potential benefits toward travel, health, welfare, and sustainability goals. Although livability has been identified as an important outcome of this approach as well, little guidance exists on what livability actually is, how to measure it, or how transportation and land use integration strategies can promote it. The findings of a multiyear study of the livability literature, theory, and practice are followed by an extensive quantitative and qualitative study of more than 350 transit corridors including thousands of stations throughout the United States. Although often dismissed as subjective, this research shows that livability can be understood in well-defined and measurable ways, which are validated through an innovative geospatial approach using detailed national data on travel, health, safety, and other quality-of-life outcomes. The findings in this paper show how more integrated and livable transit corridors can yield multiple benefits regarding travel, health, welfare, and sustainability. The findings show how livability goals and their measures can inform planning decisions to promote equitable access to opportunities locally and regionally and yield multiple benefits. Therefore, livability can be seen as an organizing principle for determining when and how to deploy integrated transportation and land use planning strategies. A practical handbook and a calculator for building livable transit corridors are introduced; both were designed to empower practitioners and members of the public to equitably achieve higher levels of livability at local and regional scales.
Geographically Weighted Regression Approach to Investigate Spatial Variations in Activity Space
Authors: Chen Na , Wang Chih-Hao , Akar Gulsah
Published: June 2017

This study examined individual activity space focusing on whether and how the effects of the built environment vary spatially across the study region. With the use of the 2012–2013 Northeast Ohio Regional Travel Survey data, a global regression model and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model were estimated to analyze these effects after controlling for sociodemographics and travel time. The global results indicate that people living in areas characterized by high densities, a variety of jobs and populations, and high access and connectivity generally have smaller activity spaces. The GWR results report better fit than the global model and present spatial variations in the relationships between the six built environment variables and individuals’ activity spaces. Relevant transportation and land use policies, such as transit-oriented development and smart growth, may directly affect the built environment and therefore change individual access and sizes of activity spaces. The spatial variations suggest that the effects of these policies may vary. These findings are of great assistance to policy makers as they point out the target areas for effective policy interventions and infrastructure provisions.
Tuberculosis in Children with Cancer
Authors: Jamal Chowdhury Yakub
Published: June 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (3) :132-134
Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Das Ashith Chandra , Azad Md Tarek , Chowdhury Jannatul Ferdush
Published: June 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (3) :179-182
Modeled Shifts in Polylepis Species Ranges in the Andes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Present
Authors: Zutta Brian , Rundel Philip
Published: June 2017

Polylepis woodlands, the dominant high-elevation woodland species of the Andes of South America, are an increasingly important focus of conservation and restoration efforts as a buffer to the regional effects of climate change. However, the natural extent of these woodlands before the arrival of human populations is still debated. One significant approach to this question is an assessment of the change in woodland extent from a hypothetical peak at the time of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present where distributions have been altered by both Holocene climate oscillations and anthropogenic pressures of pre-Colombian and modern communities. LGM and present distributions for 21 Polylepis species were modeled using Maxent with environmental data obtained from the WorldClim database. Overall, potential woodland extent is 36% smaller today than at LGM, however a few species have experienced a projected increase in potential range of 180%. This has occurred at the interface of the southern Amazonian Basin with the Altiplano where Polylepis species richness is highest. Bioclimatically stable areas for each species averaged 20 ± 4% of the modeled range and mostly occurred in disjunct pockets from central Peru to northern Argentina and Chile.
Comparative Analysis of Saponins from Different Phytolaccaceae Species and Their Antiproliferative Activities
Authors: Saleri Flora , Chen Guilin , Li Xun , Guo Mingquan
Published: June 2017

The quality and the efficacy of herbal medicine are of great concern especially with the increase in their global use. Medicinal plants of different species or collected from different geographical regions have shown variations in both their contents and pharmacological activities due to the differences in the environmental conditions of the collected sites. In this study, roots of Phytolacca acinosa found in different provinces in south China (Sichuan and Shandong) and a species of Phytolacca americana were investigated. To ensure a maximum yield of the major compounds, the extraction method and conditions were optimized. The preeminent method of extraction in this analysis was determined to be the ultrasound-assisted method with specific conditions as follows: ethanol-H2O (1:1, v/v), with a solvent: sample ratio of 1:8, and extraction was performed 3 times, each for 30 min. Under these conditions, samples from the different regions varied both in quantity and quality via the LC-MS analysis. A total of 60 triterpenoid saponins were detected within the three samples, among which 22 were identified as common in the three samples. The amounts of these common triterpenoid saponin identified varied across the samples. Moreover, the analysis led to the detection of some novel compounds that have not yet been reported in this family, while other compounds differ in their fragmentation pathways compared to previous literature. To further divulge the correlations between the bioactivities in these three samples and the quantity and quality of their bioactive components, a cytotoxic analysis was thus carried out with two cancer cell lines, and SGC-7901 and Hep G2, which evidently showed remarkable differences in their anti-proliferative activities with respect to the IC50 value. Samples of P. acinosa from Sichuan showed higher values in both cell lines (27.20 ± 1.60 and 25.59 ± 1.63 µg/mL) compared to those of Shandong and P. americana. For the first time, analysis and comparison of both interspecies and of different species in this family were carried out. This study will significantly contribute to the quality insurance of herbal medicine, especially in the Phytolaccaceae family.
Chronic Expanding Hematoma After Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Ando Wataru , Yamamoto Kengo , Koyama Tsuyoshi , Hashimoto Yoshichika , Yasui Hirohiko , Tsujimoto Takashi , Aihara Masaharu , Ohzono Kenji
Published: June 2017

A 76-year-old woman who underwent bilateral metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty fell 3 years after this procedure and subsequently incurred continuous pain in her buttock. Plain radiographs showed no fracture and no loosening of the hip prosthesis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an abnormal, large, thick-walled mass with heterogeneous signal intensity at the right buttock. The prerevision diagnosis was adverse reaction to metal debris. The mass was surgically resected, and the metal femoral head was replaced by a dual-mobility prosthesis. The intraoperative and histological analyses indicated an expanding hematoma. Cobalt ion concentrations of whole blood and effusion around the hematoma—1.9 µg/L and 1.3 µg/L, respectively—were not indicative of adverse reaction to metal debris. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed 2 days postoperatively. The hematoma was reduced and was not present after 9 months. The diagnosis of a periprosthetic soft tissue mass after metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty should be carefully reached with magnetic resonance imaging and assessment of blood metal ion concentrations. Expanding hematoma should be considered a potential diagnosis if metal ion concentrations are not increasing and magnetic resonance imaging shows a periprosthetic mass with a heterogeneous lesion. Embolization is useful for the management of an expanding hematoma. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(6):e1103–e1106.]
Microstructure Characterization of a Heterogeneous Weld for Welded Rotors
Authors: Vodárek Vlastimil , Volodarskaja Anastasia
Published: June 2017

The paper deals with microstructure characterization of a full-scale X14CrMoVNbN 10 1/ 27NiCrMoV 15-6 heterogeneous weld intended for IP/LP welded rotors. The welded rotors are being developed for modern turbines of coal fired power plants operating above 570 °C. The full–scale weld has been shown to be of good internal quality. Hardness surveys revealed the effects of post weld heat treatment parameters on weld metals and parent steels. Microstructure and precipitation of minor phases in parent materials, heat affected zones and weld metals in the state after the final stress relief annealing have been studied.
The translation technique and the translation of verbal forms in Psalm 84 of the Masoretic Text as employed by the Peshitta
Authors: Moretsi Lekgetho H.
Published: June 2017

This article was inspired by the study of translation techniques and verbal systems in Book 3 of The Book of Psalms in the Peshitta. In addition, the article focuses on Psalm 84 due to the broad scope of such a study. Psalm 84 opens the second group of Korah Psalms (Ps 84–85, 87–88) and shows a number of similarities to the first group of Korah Psalms (Ps 42–49). The differences between Psalm 84 and Psalms 42–43 are as striking as their similarities because of the fact that they are identified as Korah Psalms (cf. Goldingay 2007:587; Wallace 2009:140). This article argues that the translation technique, employed by the Peshitta, resulted in important differences at some points. As expected, the Peshitta uses the conjunctive verb at times in places where it is absent from the Masoretic Text. In addition, the Peshitta does not have the waw consecutive construction found in the Masoretic Text and uses the conjunctive waw in most instances. This article further argues that different verbal forms are used in a sensible way in both the Masoretic Text and the Peshitta, and that the content of verses also differs. In some places, certain parts of the verses, as they appear in the Masoretic Text, are omitted by the Peshitta. Some of these omissions may be ascribed to different Hebrew Vorlagen while others may be ascribed to the translation technique followed.
Variação espacial e sazonal do zooplâncton nos reservatórios do Sistema Cantareira, Brasil
Authors: De-Carli Bruno Paes , Doval Júlio César Lopez , Rodrigues Eduardo Henrique Costa , Pompêo Marcelo Luiz Martins
Published: June 2017

Neste estudo investigou-se a variação espacial e sazonal da comunidade zooplanctônica e sua relação com as características físicas, químicas e biológicas da água em cinco reservatórios (Jaguari, Jacareí, Cachoeira, Atibainha e Paiva Castro) do sistema Cantareira. Amostragens foram realizadas em maio/junho e novembro/dezembro de 2013 em 19 pontos. Para verificar a similaridade dos atributos zooplanctônicos, efetuou-se uma análise de similaridade bifatorial e um ordenamento multidimensional não-métrico. A relação entre os descritores biológicos e ambientais foi examinada usando-se correlação de Pearson. Um total de 35 táxons foi identificado. Os rotíferos predominaram em termos de riqueza e os juvenis de Copepoda seguidos por Bosmina freyi foram os mais abundantes. Em geral, os locais apresentaram condições mesotróficas com exceção do reservatório Jaguari considerado eutrófico. Com base nas análises, foi evidenciado uma variação espaço-sazonal e correspondência entre descritores ambientais e a densidade. A morfometria do reservatório, o tempo de residência, as interações ecológicas e as mudanças de qualidade da água podem ser fatores que explicam a variabilidade observada.
Daily rainfall disaggregation for Tocantins State, Brazil
Authors: Silva Neto Virgilio Lourenço da , Viola Marcelo Ribeiro , Silva Demetrius David da , Mello Carlos Rogério de , Pereira Silvio Bueno , Giongo Marcos
Published: June 2017

In order to design effective Brazilian hydraulic structures, it is necessary to obtain data relating to short-duration intense rainfall from historical series of daily rainfall. This recurring need can be fulfilled by rainfall disaggregation methodology. The objective of this study was to determine the intense rainfall disaggregation constants for the State of Tocantins and to compare these constants with those obtained for other regions of Brazil. For the modeling of the frequency of intense rainfall of different durations of less than 24 hours, the Gumbel probability distribution (GPD) was employed using rainfall series from 10 locations in Tocantins state. The results showed that the GPD was adequate by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-square tests. The disaggregation constants presented low variability values for different return periods (from 10 to 100 years); the values for Tocantins state are: h12h/h24h=0.93, h6h/h24h=0.86, h4h/h24h=0.82, h3h/h24h=0.78, h2h/h24h=0.72, h1h/h24h=0.61, h50min/h1h=0.92, h40min/h1h=0.83, h30min/h1h=0.68, h20min/h30min=0.76 e h10min/h30min=0.46. The comparison of the results with those from studies developed for other Brazilian regions showed variations of up to -62.30%, allowing us to conclude that the use of local constants is important in the process of rainfall disaggregation.
Evaluation of water-stress tolerance of Acala SJ 2 and Auburn 2 cotton cultivars in a phenotyping platform
Authors: Guimarães Cleber Morais , Stone Luís Fernando , Brito Giovani Greigh de , Heuert Jair
Published: June 2017

Due to the current scarcity of water, which may be aggravated by climate changes, it is important to develop cultivars tolerant to water stress. For this, information regarding the variability of the tolerance of cultivars to this stress is required. This information can be obtained by using phenotyping platforms, which allow a large-scale and automated assessment of crop traits related to productivity under water stress. This study took place in a greenhouse and used a phenotyping platform to evaluate some agronomic and physiological traits of two cotton cultivars with differing tolerances to this stress. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design, in a split-plot scheme with four replicates. The main plots were composed of five water regimes and the subplots of two cultivars, Acala SJ 2 and Auburn 2. The water regimes consisted of a well-irrigated treatment (daily replacement of 100% of evapotranspired water) and four water restriction regimes (20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of evapotranspired water at the well-irrigated treatment). The phenotyping platform and protocol (different percentages of daily replacement of evapotranspired water) employed were suitable to the evaluated cotton cultivars for water-stress tolerance, and allowed the determination of the cultivar most tolerant (Acala SJ 2) and of the cultivar most sensitive (Auburn 2) to water stress. ‘Acala SJ 2’ displayed better physiological and agronomic traits in all water regimes, including higher root density in the upper soil layer, as well as higher water use than ‘Auburn 2’, which explained its higher seed yield under the conditions employed.
Part II, Free actions of compact groups on C*-algebras
Authors: Schwieger Kay , Wagner Stefan
Published: June 2017

We study a simple class of free actions of non-Abelian groups on unital C*-algebras, namely cleft actions. These are characterized by the fact that the associated noncommutative vector bundles are trivial. In particular, we provide a complete classification theory for these actions and describe its relations to classical principal bundles.
О сильно инвариантных подгруппах абелевых групп
Authors: Chekhlov Andrey Rostislavovich
Published: June 2017

Показано, что каждая однородная
сепарабельная группа без кручения
является сильно инвариантно простой
(т.е. не имеющей нетривиальных
сильно инвариантных подгрупп),
а у вполне разложимой группы без кручения
всякая сильно инвариантная подгруппа совпадает
с некоторым прямым слагаемым группы.
Описаны сильно инвариантные подгруппы
сепарабельных групп без кручения.
В группе без кручения конечного ранга
всякая сильно инертная подгруппа соизмерима
с некоторой сильно инвариантной подгруппой тогда
и только тогда, когда группа является свободной.
Описаны периодические группы, группы без кручения и
расщепляющиеся смешанные группы,
каждая вполне инвариантная подгруппа которых
является сильно инвариантной.
Библиография: 7 названий.
Об одном нелинейном уравнении третьего порядка
Authors: Aristov Anatoly Igorevich
Published: June 2017

Изучается неклассическое нелинейное уравнение в частных
производных третьего порядка, моделирующее нестационарные
процессы в полупроводниковой среде. Построено семь классов
точных решений этого уравнения в виде явных, неявных
и квадратурных формул. Показано, что среди них есть как
ограниченные глобально по времени, так и обращающиеся
в бесконечность на конечных промежутках времени. Эти
результаты интересны в сравнении со следующим свойством
начально-краевой задачи для данного уравнения. Метод
энергетических оценок, используемый во многих работах для
обоснования ограниченности или неограниченности решений,
здесь не дает достаточных условий для неограниченности
решений на конечных промежутках времени.
Библиография: 9 названий.
In memoriam: Zaslužni profesor dr. Jože Sivec (19. januar 1930–30. januar 2017)
Authors: Kokole Metoda
Published: June 2017

Zaslužni profesor muzikologije dr. Jože Sivec je navzven dajal vtis raztresenega in od vsakdanjega življenja značilno odmaknjenega univerzitetnega profesorja, hkrati pa je bil o vsem, kar se je dogajalo v svetu in muzikološki stroki, še kako na tekočem in njegovo natančno pomnjenje preteklih še tako majhnih dogodkov in podatkov je bilo malodane legendarno. Profesor Sivec se je od nas in svojega bogatega ter glasbe polnega življenja poslovil konec januarja letos malo po svojem sedeminosemdesetem rojstnem dnevu.