bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical utility of sonographic features in indeterminate pediatric thyroid nodules
Authors: Richman Danielle M , Cherella Christine E , Smith Jessica R , Modi Biren P , Zendejas Benjamin , Frates Mary C , Wassner Ari J
Published: February 2021

Objective

Surgical resection is recommended for cytologically indeterminate pediatric thyroid nodules due to their intermediate malignancy risk. We evaluated the utility of ultrasound characteristics for refining malignancy risk to inform the management of these nodules.

Design

Retrospective cohort study (2004–2019).

Methods

We analyzed consecutive thyroid nodules with indeterminate fine-needle aspiration cytology (Bethesda category III, IV, or V) in pediatric patients (<19 years). We assessed the association of demographic and sonographic characteristics with malignancy risk among all indeterminate nodules and within each Bethesda category.

Results

Eighty-seven cytologically indeterminate nodules were identified in 78 patients. Bethesda category was III in 56 nodules (64%), IV in 12 (14%), and V in 19 (22%). The malignancy rate was 46/87 (53%) overall, and 23/56 (41%), 8/12 (75%), and 15/19 (79%) in Bethesda III, IV, and V nodules, respectively. Malignancy rate was higher in solitary nodules (67% vs 37%, P = 0.004) and nodules with irregular margins (100% vs 44%, P < 0.001) or calcifications (82% vs 43%, P = 0.002). American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) risk level TR5 was associated with a higher rate of malignancy than lower TI-RADS risk levels (80% vs 42%, P = 0.002). Within individual Bethesda categories, TI-RADS risk level was not associated with malignancy. No sonographic feature had a negative predictive value for malignancy greater than 80%.

Conclusions

In pediatric thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology, some sonographic features – including higher ACR TI-RADS risk level – are associated with malignancy, but these associations are unlikely to alter clinical management in most cases.
Cancer clocks in tumourigenesis: the p53 pathway and beyond
Authors: Stephenson Ewan M , Usselmann Laura E J , Tergaonkar Vinay , Virshup David M , Dallmann Robert
Published: February 2021

Circadian rhythms regulate a vast array of physiological and cellular processes, as well as the hormonal milieu, to keep our cells synchronised to the light–darkness cycle. Epidemiologic studies have implicated circadian disruption in the development of breast and other cancers, and numerous clock genes are dysregulated in human tumours. Here we review the evidence that circadian rhythms, when altered at the molecular level, influence cancer growth. We also note some common pitfalls in circadian-cancer research and how they might be avoided to maximise comparable results and minimise misleading data. Studies of circadian gene mutant mice, and human cancer models in vitro and in vivo, demonstrate that clock genes can impact tumourigenesis. Clock genes influence important cancer-related pathways, ranging from p53-mediated apoptosis to cell cycle progression. Confusingly, clock dysfunction can be both pro- or anti-tumourigenic in a model and cell type-specific manner. Due to this duality, there is no canonical mechanism for clock interaction with tumourigenic pathways. To understand the role of the circadian clock in patients’ tumours requires analysis of the molecular clock status compared to healthy tissue. Novel mathematical approaches are under development, but this remains largely aspirational, and is hampered by a lack of temporal information in publicly available datasets. Current evidence broadly supports the notion that the circadian clock is important for cancer biology. More work is necessary to develop an overarching model of this connection. Future studies would do well to analyse the clock network in addition to alterations in single clock genes.
The thyroid risk score (TRS) for nodules with indeterminate cytology
Authors: Colombo Carla , Muzza Marina , Pogliaghi Gabriele , Palazzo Sonia , Vannucchi Guia , Vicentini Leonardo , Persani Luca , Gazzano Giacomo , Fugazzola Laura
Published: February 2021

Cytology is the gold standard method for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules, though 25–30% of them are classified as indeterminate. We aimed to set up a ‘thyroid risk score’ (TRS) to increase the diagnostic accuracy in these cases. We prospectively tested 135 indeterminate thyroid nodules. The pre-surgical TRS derived from the sum of the scores assigned at cytology, EU-TIRADS classification, nodule measurement, and molecular characterization, which was done by our PTC-MA assay, a customized array able to cost-effectively evaluate 24 different genetic alterations including point mutations and gene fusions. The risk of malignancy (ROM) increased paralleling the score: in the category >4 and ≤ 6 (low suspicion), >6 ≤ 8 (intermediate suspicion), and >8 (high suspicion); ROM was 10, 47 and 100%, respectively. ROC curves selected the score >6.5 as the best threshold to differentiate between malignant and benign nodules (P < 0.001). The TRS > 6.5 had a better performance than the single parameters evaluated separately, with an accuracy of 77 and 82% upon inclusion of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features among malignant or benign cases, respectively. In conclusion, for the first time, we generated a score combining a cost-effective molecular assay with already validated tools, harboring different specificities and sensitivities, for the differential diagnosis of indeterminate nodules. The combination of different parameters reduced the number of false negatives inherent to each classification system. The TRS > 6.5 was highly suggestive for malignancy and retained a high accuracy in the identification of patients to be submitted to surgery.
Inhibiting PDGF-D alleviates the symptoms of HELLP by suppressing NF-κB activation
Authors: Wang Haiqin , Nian Li , Li Zhonghua , Lu Changhui
Published: February 2021

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is a life-threatening pregnancy complication. Though there are several medications widely used to treat HELLP syndrome, delivery is the only efficient treatment. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D), a newly identified PDGF, in a rat model of HELLP syndrome which was accomplished by sFlt-1 and sEng injection. The expression levels of PDGF-D in pregnant women diagnosed with HELLP syndrome was determined. A HELLP rat model was established and the PDGF-D expression level in the plasma and the placenta tissue was evaluated. To evaluate the effects of PDGF-D in HELLP syndrome model, siPDGF-D was injected into the rats and the HELLP syndrome-related parameters were measured. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and PDGF-D were determined by ELISA. The oxidative stress activities in the plasma were also determined. Furthermore, the expression of PDGF-D/PDGFR-β/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 in placenta tissues was evaluated by Western blotting. Compared to the normal pregnant (NP) group, the levels of PDGF-D were augmented regardless of species. Knockdown of PDGF-D can result in the alleviation of HELLP syndrome development and progression in the HELLP rat model. Importantly, as a result of PDGF-D knockdown, the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress activities were modulated, and the phosphorylation of PDGFR-β and NF-κB p65 in placenta tissue was inhibited. Taking together, our findings indicate that targeting PDGF-D could be used as a novel strategy to treat patients with HELLP syndrome.
Teknik Data Mining Menggunakan Algoritma Decision Tree C4.5 untuk Memprediksi Tingkat Kelulusan Tepat Waktu
Authors: Wirawan Chandra
Published: February 2021

Lulus tepat waktu merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan mahasiswa dalam memperoleh gelar sarjana. Lulus tepat waktu merupakan salah satu indikator penilaian terhadap kualitas perguruan tinggi, karena salah satu penilaian akreditasi Badan Akreditasi Nasioanl Perguruan Tinggi (BAN PT). Sehingga apabila tingkat kelulusan dan mahasiswa tidak seimbang, maka akan mempengaruhi penilaian akreditasi pada Program Studi dan Universitas tersebut. Pada penelitian ini peneliti membahas prediksi tingkat kelulusan tepat waktu menggunakan teknik data mining algoritma C.4.5 dengan studi kasus UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh Nilai akurasi setelah pengujian menggunakan confusion matrixsebesar 89.82% dengan Precision52.63% dan Recall 41.67%., mengindikasikan bahwa performa keakurasian pada percobaan tersebut bernilai cukup baik, dan Model yang dihasilkan dari decision tree pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang IPSmt 2 >3.145 maka diprediksi mahasiswa tersebut dapat lulus tepat waktu dan untuk mahasisswa yang IPsmt 2 <= 3.145 dinyatakan dapat lulus tepat waktu dan tidak dapat lulus tepat waktu apabila memenuhi kondisi sesuai dengan model decision tree yang telah dihasilkan.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PENGENALAN WISATA BAHARI BERBASIS WEBSITE KABUPATEN MAJENE
Authors: Sari Dian Megah , S Asmawati
Published: February 2021

The area of Majene Regency is dominated by waters and marine areas with many marine tourism destinations so that it is well known in several Majene regency areas but is less explored so that it is not known by some people due to the lack of information facilities, for this reason the implementation of a website in the introduction of marine tourism in Majene Regency is needed. This website application development aims to facilitate users in accessing marine tourism information in Majene Regency. An application designed and invincible with the needs of tourists in order to get information on the tourist destinations you want to visit. The design of this website is carried out using the Waterfall method, built with the Sublime Text 3 script language, PHP and Xampp 7.1 as the database, and the testing system uses a blackbox testing so as to produce a special marine tourism application that is feasible and can be accessed online.
ACADEMIC MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT AT
SOFIA UNIVERSITY “ST. KLIMENT OHRIDSKI“
Authors: Ignatov Georgi , Petkova Iliana
Published: February 2021

Training is a two-way process of pedagogical interaction. The quality of the final result depends not only on the teacher, but also on the academic motivation of students participating as equal partners in the educational process. The PURPOSE of this article is to represent the results from a study aimed at establishing the degree of academic motivation of students. Total of 45 participants (of which 26 male and 19 female students) were questioned. All of them were in the second and third year of their bachelor study in the specialty Physical Education and Sport at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. METHODS: As an instrument is used Angel Velichkov’s questionnaire for evaluation of the level of academic motivation in which are set the factors that favour or impede the formation of high academic motivation and also allows to trace its development. RESULTS: Results are aimed at proving the hypotheses. We assume that the students in Physical Education and Sport specialty should have: 1) an active attitude towards the learning process; 2) internal self-discipline and 3) a striving to complete and extend the knowledge obtained. The analysis will be comparative, based on the gender and year of study which will allow us to determine whether these two criteria also influence the degree of academic motivation. CONCLUSION: The establishment of differences in the levels on these three criteria and the overall level of the students’ academic motivation will enable teachers to optimize the teaching process and make it more personal-oriented.
Is restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease patients associated with any specific factor?
Authors: SOBREIRA-NETO Manoel Alves , PENA-PEREIRA Márcio Alexandre , SOBREIRA Emmanuelle Silva Tavares , CHAGAS Marcos Hortes Nisihara , ALMEIDA Carlos Maurício Oliveira de , FERNANDES Regina Maria França , TUMAS Vitor , ECKELI Alan Luiz
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Restless legs syndrome or Willis-Ekbom disease is a disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations associated with the need to mobilize the lower limbs. In Parkinson disease patients, restless legs syndrome is associated with worse quality of life and excessive sleepiness. Regarding other factors, results of different studies are controversial. Objective: To determine the factors associated with the restless legs syndrome presence in Parkinson disease patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 88 consecutive Parkinson disease patients from the outpatient clinic for 21 months. Participants underwent a clinical interview, assessment based on standardized scales (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Parkinson Disease Questionnaire - 39, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group rating scale), and video-polysomnography. Results: Out of the 88 participants, 25 had restless legs syndrome. In the multivariate analysis, restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease has been associated with the symptom of smell loss and quality of sleep and life. In the univariate analysis, restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease has occurred more frequently in women with higher frequency of insomnia, constipation, and anosmia than in the group without restless legs syndrome. Conclusion: Restless legs syndrome is a prevalent condition in patients with Parkinson disease and is associated with specific characteristics in this group of patients.
Comparativo de Prognósticos da Velocidade do Vento Utilizando Modelo WRF e Rede Neural Artificial
Authors: Santos Iwldson Guilherme da Silva , Lyra Roberto Fernando da Fonseca , Silva Júnior Rosiberto Salustiano da
Published: February 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é melhorar a previsão da velocidade do vento usando o modelo atmosférico de mesoescala Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) e Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) não linear auto regressiva com entrada externa (NARX), sem entrada externa (NAR). A acurácia dos prognósticos foi aferida com dados observados (OBS) mensurados a cada 10 min, em uma torre anemométrica de 50 m de altura, localizada em Craíbas região Agreste de Alagoas. A estatística univariada indicou que os prognósticos representaram bem a evolução temporal do vento no período estudado (abril de 2015). As velocidades médias, máximas e mínimas de OBS foram de 5,26 m.s−1, 12,29 m.s−1 e 0,01 m.s−1, nesta mesma sequência, os prognósticos variaram entre (5,18 m.s−1 a 5,41 m.s−1), (11,58 m.s−1 a 13,92 m.s−1) e (0,01 m.s−1 a 0,36 m.s−1). Na análise bivariada as métricas estatísticas utilizadas para averiguar a acurácia das previsões resultaram no seguinte: Desvio médio (-0,31 a 0,04 m.s−1); Raiz do desvio quadrático médio (1,14 a 1,27 m.s−1); Desvio percentual absoluto médio (22 a 23%); E coeficiente de correlação (0,63 a 0,72). Esses resultados, apesar de considerar um período curto de dados, indicam o potencial de aplicação da RNA e WRF na previsão da velocidade do vento.
Evolução da Estrutura Térmica de um Ciclone Tropical e sua Transição Extratropical: Caso Talim
Authors: Rocha Lorena Bezerra da , Reboita Michelle Simões , Dutra Lívia Márcia Mosso , Capucin Bruno César
Published: February 2021

Resumo A comunidade científica por muito tempo considerou a existência de apenas dois tipos de ciclones de escala sinótica em superfície, tropicais e extratropicais, com base nas características de gênese e local de atuação desses sistemas. A metodologia do Cyclone Phase Space (CPS) desenvolvida por Hart, no início da década de 2000, deixou evidente que não há apenas os dois tipos mencionados, mas que existe um continuum, de forma que os ciclones podem evoluir de um tipo a outro. Diante desse contexto, o objetivo do estudo é descrever a evolução sinótica da transição do ciclone Talim, que teve gênese como ciclone tropical e decaiu como ciclone extratropical. Esse sistema se desenvolveu no oeste do oceano Pacífico Norte no dia 10 de setembro de 2017. Através do CPS, foram definidas quatro fases no ciclo de vida do Talim: a de ciclone tropical, início da transição para extratropical, fim da transição e fase de ciclone extratropical. A fase de transição foi marcada pelo início da interação do sistema tropical com uma região com baroclinia, enquanto que o término da transição ocorreu quando o sistema adquiriu um núcleo frio e sistemas frontais associados.
"Trabalho mais para que não se pervertam os brancos do que para a conversão dos negros": Pedro Fernandes, bispo de Salvador da Bahia (1551-1556), entre Paris, Lisboa, Goa, Cabo Verde e o Brasil
Authors: PAIVA José Pedro
Published: February 2021

Resumo Durante a primeira metade do século XX, diversos autores interessaram-se pela figura do bispo que, em 1551, o rei de Portugal indicou para governar a diocese do Salvador da Bahia. Este estudo apresenta uma releitura e reinterpretação de documentação já conhecida que, agregada a um reduzido conjunto de novos dados factuais, permite reequacionar e esboçar o perfil do pensamento e atuação de D. Pedro Fernandes, o primeiro bispo da América Portuguesa. Suportado em análises vinculadas aos propósitos e métodos da história conectada e do global turn, aqui se argumenta que a sua passagem por Paris, Lisboa, Goa, Cabo Verde e Bahia, entre outros locais, lhe deram a conhecer o mundo sem alterar substancialmente as suas perspetivas e propósitos consoante os espaços por onde transitou. Tendo sido um agente da projeção do catolicismo na Ásia, África e América, articulando e estabelecendo conexões entre diversos lugares do planeta, focou-se mais nos portugueses do que nos indianos e ameríndios, contribuindo para construir, sobretudo no Brasil, uma igreja diocesana baseada na orgânica e dinâmicas das dioceses de Portugal.
El "Impulso republicano" del Uruguay del 900: La reforma política del "primer batllismo" (1890-1930)
Authors: CAETANO Gerardo
Published: February 2021

Resumen En las páginas que siguen se recorren algunos hitos y propuestas de lo que hemos dado en llamar el "impulso republicano" que en buena medida marcó la democracia uruguaya contemporánea. A nuestro juicio, este se desarrolló de manera fundamental entre 1890 y 1930, período en el que se desplegó, desde relevantes genealogías más "largas" en el tiempo, el pleito central de las dos grandes familias ideológicas del Uruguay del 900: el "liberal conservadurismo" por un lado y el "republicanismo solidarista" por el otro. Consideramos a esta confrontación política e ideológica como un momento clave en la construcción de la matriz democrática en el Uruguay del siglo XX. Desde la perspectiva republicana, en esa disputa ideológica jugó un rol particular el accionar del "primer batllismo", fundado y liderado por el dos veces presidente José Batlle y Ordóñez. En el texto que sigue se trabajarán las marcas republicanas de algunas de sus propuestas reformistas en el campo político e institucional.
Lembrar e esquecer na internet: Memória, mídias digitais e a temporalidade do perdão na esfera pública contemporânea
Authors: SILVEIRA Pedro Telles da
Published: February 2021

Resumo Para os estudos sobre a memória, a lembrança e o esquecimento são processos sociais, sendo parte dos discursos de memória que condicionam as disputas sociais e políticas. Dentre os fatores que caracterizam as disputas de memória, pode-se acrescentar, nas últimas décadas, o surgimento das tecnologias digitais. Este artigo busca compreender a relação entre as novas tecnologias e os processos de lembrança e esquecimento na esfera pública contemporânea. Percebendo uma dissolução da esfera pública em torno a antagonismos diversos, muitos deles identitários, o estudo parte para o entendimento do impacto das tecnologias digitais sobre os discursos de memória. Seu argumento é que essas tecnologias aproximam e sobrepõem as categorias de ars e uis, que constituem os dois modos da memória, segundo a teorização de Aleida Assmann. Por fim, as duas vertentes da argumentação se encontram na abordagem das controvérsias nas redes sociais como disputas de memória. Procura-se compreendê-las a partir da problemática do perdão, propondo-se que o perdão e a controvérsia são homólogos estruturalmente, mas ocorrem em sentido inverso; dessa forma, se ambos demonstram a permanência do passado no presente, na controvérsia é a dificuldade da vítima conceder o perdão que lhe fornece a chance de retomar sua agência.
In situ cellular immune response in non-ulcerated skin lesions due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi infection
Authors: Sandoval Carmen , Araujo Gabriela , Sosa Wilfredo , Avalos Sara , Silveira Fernando , Corbett Carlos , Zúniga Concepción , Laurenti Marcia
Published: February 2021

Background Skin lesions of patients affected by non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL) caused by L. (L.) infantum chagasi are characterized by lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate associated with epithelioid granuloma and scarce parasitism. However, the in situ cellular immune response of these patients is unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to characterize the cellular immune response in the skin lesions of patients affected by NUCL. Methods Twenty biopsies were processed by immunohistochemistry using primary antibodies to T lymphocytes (CD4, CD8), NK cells, B lymphocytes, macrophages, nitric oxide synthase and interferon-gamma. Results Immunohistochemistry revealed higher expression of all cellular types and molecules (IFN-γ, iNOS) in the dermis of diseased skin compared to the skin of healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Morphometric analysis performed in the skin lesions sections showed the predominance of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the mononuclear infiltrate, followed by macrophages, mostly iNOS+, a response that could be mediated by IFN-γ. Conclusion Our study improves knowledge of the cellular immune response in non-ulcerated or atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. (L.) infantum chagasi in Central America and pointed to the pivotal participation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the host defense mechanisms against the parasite in patients with NUCL.
As múltiplas faces de Valério Vieira
Authors: ELIAS ÉRICO MONTEIRO
Published: February 2021

RESUMO Este artigo propõe uma análise da obra de Valério Vieira (1862-1941) dividida em cinco partes. Na primeira parte, resgata os processos criativos envolvidos na concepção de Os trinta Valérios (c. 1900) e do Segundo panorama de São Paulo (1922), enquadrando as duas obras em seus contextos históricos. A análise permite delinear o perfil de um autor mais vinculado a práticas da fotografia oitocentista do que alinhadas a propostas do modernismo, sem deixar de sublinhar sua originalidade. Nas quatro partes seguintes, aborda as relações estabelecidas entre a obra de Valério Vieira e outros campos da arte: cinema, teatro e música, em diálogos reais ou imaginários travados com artistas como Georges Meliès, Leopoldo Fregoli, Almirante e Pixinguinha.
As coleções Kaingang, Guarani Nhandewa e Terena - Percurso documental, requalificação e colaboração
Authors: CURY MARILIA XAVIER
Published: February 2021

RESUMO Este artigo trata de um estudo de curadoria de objetos e coleções Kaingang, Guarani Nhandewa e Terena em São Paulo, com o propósito de informar esses grupos sobre o que os museus - Paulista e de Arqueologia e Etnologia - fizeram por mais de um século (no caso de objetos Kaingang) ou sete décadas (coleções Kaingang, Guarani Nhandewa e Terena). Para se traçar as trajetórias desses objetos e coleções, a estratégia foi recorrer à Revista do Museu Paulista, inventários antigos e outros documentos, para ver o percurso documental e físico dos objetos, por grupo. Na sequência, com a curadoria dos indígenas, são incorporadas novas interpretações aos objetos, a autorrepresentação indígena, contrastando com o processo documental (representação etnográfica). Nesse sentido, temos o objetivo de registrar as entradas e permutas em dado tempo, mas também revelar como a documentação e suas linguagens foram se alterando ou incorporando outras informações, com as implicações devidas, para se chegar aos objetos e a novas interpretações. O pano de fundo é a cena descolonial sustentada em processo de colaboração com indígenas, o que levou a pesquisa a entender ações institucionais sucessivas, mas, principalmente, encontrar os objetos e disponibilizá-los aos indígenas com as informações e materialidades preservadas possíveis, para serem apropriadas pelos grupos.
Insertion of nursing professionals in the management of materials in a teaching hospital of Paraná
Authors: Andrade Raísa Gabrielle dos Santos , Bogo Priscila Conde , Tonini Nelsi Salete , Matos Fabiana Gonçalves de Oliveira Azevedo , Alves Debora Cristina Ignácio
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: To analyze the perception of nursing professionals about their insertion in the material management process in hospital units. Methods: Exploratory study with a qualitative approach carried out in a university hospital in Paraná. Data collection was carried out between October and December 2019, through semi-structured interviews recorded in audio. The data were transcribed and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: 35 nursing professionals participated in the study. From the speeches, four categories emerged: Participation in the process of planning and provision of materials; Sizing of resources in the institution; Participation in the quality control of materials; and Difficulties confronted in the material management process. Conclusion: The results indicate that nursing professionals have a low participation in the material management process and infer that they actively participate only in the quality control process through evaluations and notifications.
PROINTE - Inglês: contexto de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da identidade docente
Authors: Aleixo Célia Regina Lessa , Calvo Luciana Cabrini Simões , Novelli Josimayre
Published: February 2021

RESUMO Este trabalho analisa as representações dos licenciandos em Letras que fizeram parte do Programa de Integração Estudantil (PROINTE) - Inglês sobre as motivações para participação no programa, as experiências significativas ali vivenciadas, as oportunidades de aprendizagem docente e a consolidação (ou não) pela profissão ao atuarem no referido contexto. As discussões estão pautadas em estudos sobre aprendizagem e identidade docente (JOHNSON, 2009; REIS; van VEEN; GIMENEZ, 2011, dentre outros) além de bases de conhecimento (SHULMAN, 1986; TARDIF, 2000). Os dados foram gerados por meio da aplicação de questionário a oito participantes entre 2016 e 2018. Os resultados apontam o contexto do PROINTE como relevante para a aprendizagem dos envolvidos, além de ressaltar que a experiência ali vivenciada consolidou a escolha pela profissão.
Quality of life and its relationship with different anthropometric indicators in adults with obesity
Authors: Tozetto Willen Remon , Leonel Larissa dos Santos , Benedet Jucemar , Duca Giovani Firpo Del
Published: February 2021

Abtract Introduction: Obesity compromises the quality of life. However, few studies have investigated the influence of different anthropometric indicators on the quality of life of this population. Objective: We aimed to correlate the physical and mental components of quality of life and verify its association with different anthropometric indicators in adults with obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in adults with obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m²]. The quality of life was investigated using the SF-36 questionnaire, with scores ranging from 0 (worst-case scenario) to 100 (best scenario for the outcome). The anthropometric indicators used were BMI, waist circumference, waist/height ratio (WHR), and lean and fat body mass. For analysis, Spearman’s correlation and crude and adjusted linear regression for sociodemographic variables were used. Results: A total of 75 subjects (nfemales = 47; µage= 34.8 ± 7.1 years) were included, and their means of the physical and mental components were 64.5 ± 15.9 and 50.8 ± 21.3 points, respectively. The social functioning domain presented a strong positive correlation (r = 0.760) with the mental health domain, and eight moderate correlations (0.400 ≤ r ≥ 0.699) were found between the different domains of the questionnaire. The functional capacity domain and the physical component presented a moderate negative correlation with the WHR (r = -0.402 and r = -0.407, respectively). After adjustment, the WHR was inversely associated with the physical component (β = -1.197; p = 0.002). Conclusion: In adults with obesity, important correlations were observed between the physical and mental components of quality of life, and the waist/height ratio was the only anthropometric indicator correlated and associated with the physical component of the outcome.
Fatores associados à notificação de perda auditiva induzida por ruído no Brasil, 2013-2015: estudo ecológico
Authors: Gusmão Aline Cristina , Meira Tatiane Costa , Ferrite Silvia
Published: February 2021

Resumo Objetivo Investigar fatores associados à notificação de perda auditiva induzida por ruído (Pair), no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação no Brasil. Métodos Estudo ecológico para estimar a proporção de municípios notificantes de Pair. Foram empregados modelos de regressão logística para identificar fatores associados. Resultados Entre 2013 e 2015, 277 (5,0%) municípios notificaram Pair. A notificação foi mais comum entre municípios com cobertura por Cerest (OR=1,62 - IC95% 1,02;2,59) ou que sediavam unidade de Cerest em seu território (OR=4,37 - IC95% 2,75;6,93), a menor distância da capital do estado (OR=1,43 - IC95% 1,06;1,92) e com alto índice de desenvolvimento humano (OR=2,35 - IC95% 1,16;4,75). Entre os municípios situados em área com cobertura de Cerest, a notificação foi mais comum quando na equipe havia fonoaudiólogo (OR=1,96 - IC95% 1,47;2,63) e era baixa a rotatividade de profissionais (OR=1,88 - IC95% 1,40;2,52). Conclusão Fatores contextuais influenciam na notificação de Pair, notadamente a existência e qualificação dos Cerest.
UM RETRATO DAS PESQUISAS SOBRE LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE SOCIOLOGIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Bodart Cristiano das
Published: February 2021

O artigo apresenta o estado da arte da produção manualística brasileira que toma como objeto ou fonte de pesquisa livros didáticos (ou manuais) de Ciências Sociais (Sociologia, Antropologia e Ciência Política). São analisados aspectos constituintes dessa produção, tais como perfil dos autores e das autoras, os focos das pesquisas, seus métodos, suas técnicas  e principais referências. Ficou evidenciado que o volume de artigos sobre o tema em questão apresentou uma expansão a partir de 2014. As revistas onde os artigos foram publicados são, se sua maioria, qualificados em estratos inferiores na avaliação Qualis-Periódicos e localizadas nas Regiões Sudeste e Sul. Quanto ao perfil dos/as autores/as, predominam as seguintes características: a) mulheres; b) titulação de doutorado e; c) área de titulação a Sociologia. Quanto aos artigos, predominam os seguintes aspectos: a) recorte voltado à análise interna dos livros didáticos; b) tipo de pesquisas a análise de conteúdo e; c) reduzida preocupação com reflexões metodológicas do campo da manualítica. As referências são variadas, não figurando uma rede de citação interna nesse subcampo de pesquisa, já que apenas três autores são consideravelmente citados pelo conjunto de artigos publicados.
Presencia de metales pesados en leche cruda bovina de Machachi, Ecuador
Authors: De la Cueva Francisco , Naranjo Alexandra , Puga Torres Byron Humberto , Aragón Eduardo
Published: February 2021

La evaluación de metales pesados en leche puede considerarse como indicador de contaminación ambiental de un lugar, por lo que el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la presencia de Plomo, Mercurio y Arsénico en leche cruda de Machachi, Provincia de Pichincha-Ecuador. Se recolectaron 58 muestras provenientes de 29 fincas lecheras con sistema de pastoreo extensivo y ubicadas hasta máximo un kilómetro a la redonda del Municipio de Machachi, donde existe actividad industrial y está cerca de la Panamericana Sur. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante la técnica de espectrofotometría de absorción atómica por generador de hidruros (Mercurio y Arsénico) y con horno de grafito (Plomo). Todas las muestras analizadas mostraron niveles de Plomo, con una media de 0.208 mg/kg (rango entre 0.0016 a 0.719 mg/kg), de las cuales el 98.28% (57/58) contienen niveles superiores a los máximos permitidos por la NTE INEN 9 de 0.02 mg/kg. También se detectó Mercurio en cuatro muestras (media de 0.00009 mg/kg, rango entre 0.00 a 0.002 mg/kg) y Arsénico en dos muestras (media de 0.00003 mg/kg, rango 0.00 a 0.001 mg/kg), sin embargo, las mismas estuvieron por debajo del límite permitido por el Codex Alimentarius (0.01 mg/kg) en alimentos en general. Con los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que podría existir un área contaminada con Pb, por lo que se debe realizar un monitoreo continuo en leche, y ampliar la investigación a las posibles fuentes de contaminación, como agua de bebida, agua de riego, forrajes y alimentos que reciben las vacas lecheras de la zona.
Alofán, una nanopartícula natural presente en andisoles del Ecuador, propiedades y aplicaciones
Authors: Silva-Yumi Jorge , Cazorla Martínez Roberto , Medina Serrano Carlos , Chango Lescano Gabriela
Published: February 2021

El alofán es una nanopartícula natural presente en suelos de origen volcánico como los andisoles, que se encuentran distribuidos alrededor de todo el mundo en países con actividad volcánica. En Ecuador, los andisoles constituyen el 30% del territorio en zonas altas y húmedas de la región sierra-norte. El alofán se puede obtener de los andisoles a través de procesos físicos y químicos, o a su vez se puede sintetizar. Este nanomaterial posee múltiples propiedades para varias aplicaciones en diferentes áreas. Existen muchas investigaciones de estas nanopartículas y de este tipo de suelos, pero no se han estudiado aún en el Ecuador. En este artículo se presentan las características estructurales, propiedades, la formación, aislamiento, síntesis y usos del alofán, con el fin de generar conocimiento e incentivar la investigación de estos suelos que son fuente de la mencionada nanopartícula. La búsqueda de literatura se realizó en bases de datos de Science Direct y Google Académico, y se utilizaron artículos de alto impacto relacionados con investigaciones de alofán natural o sintético. Las características particulares que tiene el alofán le permite ser usadocomo remediador ambiental, bactericida, antiinflamatorio, ignífugo, soporte de enzimas, pero además se ha estudiado en catálisis, fotocatálisis y electrocatálisis. Al considerar el área cubierta por el alofán en el territorio ecuatoriano y su disponibilidad, este se puede aprovechar para realizar investigaciones basadas en los estudios internacionales que se han desarrollado para aprovechar en el área ambiental y médica.
La comunicación política en Internet: el caso de #RedAMLO en México
Authors: Olmedo Neri Raul Anthony
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo analiza las modificaciones que las redes sociodigitales han generado dentro del campode la comunicación política, particularmente la construcción de redes de interacción-comunicación mediantela creación de hashtags como el caso de #RedAMLO en Twitter. Así, este trabajo tiene como objetivoidentificar la red de interacción-comunicación que se han formado mediante el hashtag #RedAMLO,para analizar su estructura, flujo de información y aquellos nodos que se posicionan estratégicamente endicha red.Para ello, se ha empleado el Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) como cuerpo metodológico y se ha recurridoa la minería de datos para recopilar, sistematizar, depurar y analizar la metacomunicación de dicha red.Entre los principales resultados se encontró y visualizó una red conformada por 8586 nodos, mismosque son en buena medida ciudadanos que potencian su visibilidad y simpatía política a través de estaplataforma sociodigital. Esto es parte de un proceso más amplio donde una mayor visibilidad implicauna descentralización de la opinión pública y una táctica política para mostrar la base que sustenta a laactual administración.No obstante, dentro de los cinco nodos más relevantes por la cantidad de vínculos, dos presentan unalógica de funcionamiento similar a la de cuentas falsas o bots, por lo que el trabajo también identifica queen estas redes de orden político-ciudadano también intervienen elementos propios del espacio virtualderivado de sus lógicas operativas e intereses particulares.
Medios digitales y COVID-19: sobreinformación, polarización y desinformación
Authors: Zunino Esteban
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo analiza el tratamiento noticioso de la COVID-19 en los principales medios digitalesde la Argentina. La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 reconfiguró, junto con las relaciones económicas y sociales,la centralidad del sistema mediático y la composición temática de sus agendas. La necesidad deinformación de calidad en tiempo real potenció el rol de los medios digitales como fuentes confiables.En términos específicos se pretende investigar: 1) la composición temática de las agendas informativasdurante el período de aislamiento social; 2) el uso de las fuentes de información; y 3) el nivel de créditodiferencial que obtuvieron los actores en el tratamiento informativo. Con ese objetivo, se desarrollóun análisis de las noticias más relevantes de las agendas digitales de Infobae, Página/12, La Nación, yClarín, entre marzo y octubre de 2020 (n=4.240). Los resultados evidencian la existencia de agendastemáticas similares y una presencia homogénea de fuentes oficiales en medios con diferentes líneas editoriales. Además, se advierte una cobertura partisana y polarizada que se pone de manifiesto en el crédito diferencial que adquieren en los medios los puntos de vista desplegados por las fuentes estatales oficialistas y opositoras. El tratamiento informativo de la pandemia, a lo largo de un período extenso, siguióun ciclo de sobreinformación, polarización y desinformación, lesivo para la calidad del debate público.
Discurso, opinión y episteme. Los inmigrantes y la COVID-19 en la prensa chilena
Authors: Torrico Avila Elizabeth , González-González Jaime
Published: February 2021

En las sociedades democráticas actuales, los medios de prensa, conocidos como “el cuarto poder” y quegeneralmente están a cargo de las elites locales, han adquirido un rol fundamental en la naturalizaciónde discursos en la comunidad ejerciendo la fuerza de incluso influenciar a la opinión pública en temaspolíticos, sociales, religiosos y económicos, entre otros. Siendo el problema de estudio la influenciaque la emisión de cierto tipo de discurso tiene sobre el receptor de este, el objetivo de este artículo esreflexionar acerca del vínculo existente entre el discurso, la opinión pública y epistemología de la prensaescrita en torno a la migración en tiempos de COVID-19 en Chile. Los resultados de la observación deonce diarios por medio del Análisis Crítico del Discurso arrojan que, por un lado, los actores tales comoautoridades son nominalizados, mientras que los extranjeros son asimilados a un grupo o invisibilizadoscompletamente. Por otro lado, los temas que emergen del análisis son la pobreza, la vulnerabilidad y ladiscriminación. Este estudio apunta a problematizar los discursos que provienen de los medios escritosdesde una perspectiva crítica y a contribuir a una construcción dialógica del otro de forma objetiva alejadade visiones preconcebidas y estigmatizadoras difundidas por los medios de comunicación.
Shapes of the coronal section of the tongue of the consonant phonemes in Surgut Khanty according to electromagnetic articulography data
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences  (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Timkin T. V.
Published: February 2021

This paper describes he Surgu Khan y consonan s’ ongue ar icula ions following he electromagnetic articulography method provided by Carstens AG500. An articulography method includes special sensors a ached o speaker’s ar iculators with surgical glue. An electromagnetic field is used for real-time measurement of sensor coordinates. The experiment aimed to obtain the data on Surgut Khanty articulation, not described with instrumental techniques before. The analysis is based on more than 300 words pronounced by the native speaker of the Trom-Agan idiom. Three sensors on the tongue, two on the lips and two reference head movement tracking sensors were used. Audio files were annotated via Praat software. Raw data were treated with R programming language. The Emu-SDMS corpus system and R provided statistical evaluation and visualization. The shapes of the coronal section of the tongue were defined. The graphic forms of these shapes are presented. Coronal consonants /s/, /l/ are reali ed in den al apical shape. oronal consonan s / /, / n/, /r/, / ʃ/ are realized in laminal alveolar and, variably, in apical shape. oronal consonan /ɬ/ comes in pos alveolar shape. Dorsal consonan s / /, / /, /ɲ/, /с с / come in different palatal shapes. Radical consonants /k/, /γ/, /ŋ/ tend to have varying shapes like velar and palatovelar. Labial consonants /p/, /w/ have a neural ongue shape. The phenomenon of velar [γ] labiali a ion is considered. We have found labial w and velar γ in opposi ion after non-labial vowels. After labial vowels, this opposition is neu rali ed in consonan [γʷ]. I comes in velar and pala ovelar ongue shapes and has labial constriction. These facts differ in some aspects with the traditional theory and motivate further research.
Analytical constructions with the semantics of fear and caution in the Tuvan language
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences  (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Shamina L. A.
Published: February 2021

In the Tuvan language, as in many other languages, there is a form that grammaticalizes the semantics of apprehensive and preventive. It is a form with -dy, which expresses the preventive semantics combined with the verb көөр in the 2nd person of the singular and plural and the interrogative particle be. It is known that Tuvan has no particular grammatical form to express the meanings concerned. However, we have found various means that are used for this purpose. The core of verbal analytical constructions with the semantics of caution is represented by constructs based on structural schemes, including the forms with -dy and delexicalized interjection-imperative halak. We have identified five basic structural types of grammaticalized analytical constructions representing a situation that might be about to happen or messages (warnings) indicating that some undesirable situations may occur. Among them, the form with -dy complicated by additional lexical and grammatical elements is the main marker of the semantics of caution. In general, the results of our study suggest that the semantics of caution is implemented in the Tuvan language by a combination of rhythmic-intonational, lexical, morphological, and syntactic means, with some forms or constructions used in certain conditions specified by the context.
Temporary marriage as Russian literary pattern in the 19th – early 20th century
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Bogoderova A. A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with the subject of temporary marriage between Russian sailors and Japanese women in fictional and non-fictional literature. The literary pattern of temporary marriage includes time limitation of the marriage, the language or/and cultural barrier and the man’s leaving at the end. The time limitation sometimes makes one or both spouses consider this marriage as legal, but “not true.” There are two main variants of the pattern in Russian travel notes of the 19th − early 20th century. The first is the positive one (A. Krasnov, D. Schreider, and N. Bartoshewsky). Both husband and wife are kind-hearted people, their family life is pure and real, although they do not entirely understand each other’s language. The second is the negative one (F. Knorring, D. Armfelt, G. de Vollan, and Vinogradov). Husband and wife are both pragmatic, rational, and cold, with the whole tradition turning into a sort of prostitution and insincere comedy. The plot variants, with one of the spouses being pragmatic, mercantile and cruel, and another loving, faithful, and suffering, are not common. Yuzhakov’s travel notes include such a rare case. The asymmetrical variant was more popular in Western fiction (Madame Butterfly). Russian fiction prefers the positive variant of the pattern. In short stories by D. Persky and M. Volkonsky, the authors transform the motives from Madame Chrysanthème by P. Loti and Madame Butterfly by J. L. Long by showing the Russians as noble people and achieving a happy end wherever possible.
Promoting Policy Coherence within the 2030 Agenda Framework: Externalities, Trade-Offs and Politics
Authors: Brand Alexander , Furness Mark , Keijzer Niels
Published: February 2021

The promotion of Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development is one of the 169 targets of the 2030 Agenda, and considered a key means of implementation. The 2030 Agenda, while noble and necessary to put humanity on a sustainable path, has vastly exacerbated the complexity and ambiguity of development policymaking. This article challenges two assumptions that are common in both policy discussions and associated scholarly debates: First, the technocratic belief that policy coherence is an authentically attainable objective; and second, whether efforts to improve the coherence within and across policies makes achieving the Sustainable Development Goals more likely. We unpack the conventional ‘win-win’ understanding of the policy coherence concept to illustrate that fundamentally incompatible political interests continue to shape global development, and that these cannot be managed away. We argue that heuristic, problem-driven frameworks are needed to promote coherence in settings where these fundamental inconsistencies are likely to persist. Instead of mapping synergies ex-ante, future research and policy debates should focus on navigating political trade-offs and hierarchies while confronting the longer-term goal conflicts that reproduce unsustainable policy choices.