bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Home Care Home – An Un-Total Institution. When the Care Home Logic Permeates the Private Space
Authors: Möllergren Glenn
Published: July 2024

This article examines how the provision of home care services impact older individuals in Sweden, focusing on how it may subtly institutionalise their daily lives. Domiciliary care is found to negatively impact users’ individuality and independence, contrary to initial intentions of offering an emancipatory alternative to nursing facilities.
The study uses Goffman’s concept of total institutions, operationalised by identifying aspects of everyday life within which institutionalisation manifests itself, including meals, daily rhythmics, and lifestyle choices.
For this article, the experiences of home care users in Sweden were collected in 34 qualitative interviews and 15 observations with respondents aged between 68 and 96 years. The material was examined using theory-driven thematic analysis.
Results show that while some care users find comfort in the structures imposed to their lives, many are faced with limitations related to the tight, minute-timed scheduling and the assembly-line style of care provision. The constraints affect everyday life choices related to eating, sleeping hours, hobbies, and the sense of home, which are all influenced by the care organisation’s work regime and scheduling.
The analysis concludes by proposing the term “home care home”. This designation indicates the challenges to individuality entailed in the home care rationale, while acknowledging that the influence on users is “less-than-total”, as compared to typical institutionalising environments such as prisons or hospitals.
While a total institution is commonly understood as a spatial structure, it also functions as a logic acting regardless of physical constraints – for instance, in a person’s home. Moreover, the study suggests that this logic may be at work anywhere within large-scale production of human services.
In summary, this article addresses the individuality-eroding force ingrained in home care provision and emphasises the need to strengthen users’ influence on care provision in order to increase their independence.
Physical start-up of the Nuclear Subcritical Facility “Neutron Source” of NSC KIPT
Authors: Karnaukhov I.M. , Bezditko O.P. , Borts B.V. , Bykhun O.V. , Bykov V.T. , Gladkikh P.I. , Glushchenko L.I. , Gordienko O.M. , Grevtsev V.G. , Karnaukhov I.I. , Krapiva D.A. , Lutsenko Ye.V. , Lyashchenko V.M. , Marchenko Yu.A. , Mytsykov A.O. , Nevara O.V. , Podorozhkin V.M. , Rezayev O.V. , Ridozub V.M. , Rudenko V.Ye. , Selivanov V.S. , Tarasov D.V. , Tertychny A.V. , Trotsenko V.I. , Vanzha O.F. , Vorobjov I.O. , Ushakov I.V. , Zelinsky A.Yu. , Androsov V.P. , Moiseenko M.P. , Telegin Yu.M.
Published: July 2024

National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology” jointly with the Argonne National Laboratory developed, designed and constructed the Subcritical Nuclear Facility “Neutron source based on the subcritical assembly driven by electron linear accelerator”. The article presents the main results obtained during the physical start-up of the plant, the program of which involved the staged loading of fuel assemblies into the core with subsequent measurements of its neutron-physical characteristics. In total, 37 fuel assemblies of WWR-M2 type were loaded into the facility core. The values o f the effective neutron multiplication factor keff and reactivity ρ of the subcritical assembly were measured after each loading step using the multiplication and area ratio methods. In addition, the neutron flux to electron current ratio method was tested for on-line reactivity monitoring. The investigations were performed when the accelerator was operated with 100 MeV electron beam energy, 2.7 μs electron pulse duration, 20 Hz pulse repetition rate and ≤ 40 mA beam pulse current. The obtained results were analyzed in terms of ensuring the facility nuclear safety at the next stage of its commissioning which is the pilot operation.
The method of studying the nucleation of crystals in melts by the droplet method
Authors: Nuradinov A.S. ,   Physical and Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Baranov I.R. , Prigunov S.V. , Nuradinov I.A. , Chistyakov O.V. ,   Physical and Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,   Physical and Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,   Physical and Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,   Physical and Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this work is to develop scientifically based ways of influencing the process of nucleation of crystallization centers in metal melts to control the formation of the cast structure and the properties of their blanks at the first stage of metal product production (at the casting stage). The possibility of controlling the nucleation of crystals in their melts was studied on transparent model environment (paraffin and salol) using the drop method, and the dependence of the crystallization kinetics of droplets with a dispersion of 100÷200 μm on their overheating temperature, the duration of exposure in an overheated state, and the degree of supercooling was established. Physical modeling on transparent environment made it possible to display images on a laptop screen with the help of a digital camera mounted on a microscope and to observe the nucleation and growth of crystals in real time, to determine the duration of solidification of all observed drops, depending on the experimental conditions. The criteria for evaluating the crystallization process of the investigated environment were the curves of the crystallization kinetics of drops from their melts. The nature of the change in the crystallization kinetics curves of the experimental environment, in our opinion, confirms the assumption about the decisive role of impurities in the crystallization processes of any alloys. The logical confirmation of the hypothesis about the decisive role of impurities in the processes of crystallization from the same positions of heterogeneous nucleation is the dependence of the number of solidified drops of experimental environment of the same diameter on the degree and duration of their overheating. It is likely that with greater overheating of the melt (or longer exposure to this overheating), partial deactivation (dissolution) of the impurities present occurs and the number of solidifying drops changes for the same supercooling. The analysis of the obtained results indicates a heterogeneous mechanism of crystal nucleation even in drops of microscopic size (~100 μm). The developed method of studying the processes of nucleation and growth of crystals in model alloys depending on their mass (size) can be applied in real conditions of mass crystallization. Keywords: model environment, droplet method, crystal nucleation, crystallization kinetics.
Increasing the crack resistance of cast irons with spheroidal graphite and their heat treatment in the production of wear-resistant products
Authors: Doroshenko V.S. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kaliuzhnyi P.B. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Methods of achieving the maximum values of crack resistance of Spheroidal graphite cast irons (SGCI) due to the combination of strength of bainite with high plasticity of residual austenite (in the amount of 30-35%) are considered. The results of such studies are suitable for use, in particular, in the manufacture of teeth or crowns of buckets of excavators and other working bodies of mining, earthmoving or earth-moving machinery, as well as parts that function in extreme conditions. These data are comparable to the known results of work on increasing the wear resistance of SGCI for variable parts of agricultural machinery and transport. In addition to crack and wear resistance, the long-term performance and efficiency of the working organs depends on maintaining their pointed part or blade in a sharp condition. The creation of functional-gradient materials, which are characterized by the effect of self-sharpening during their operation and wear, is considered. This effect is proposed to be implemented through the use of gradient heat dissipation in the material of the sand mold, increasing these values by introducing a refrigerant near a specific surface of the casting to accelerate its cooling. For this, casting molds made of loose sand were used in the Lost Foam casting (LFC) process. The method of manufacturing metal working bodies is described on the example of casting by the LFC method of an excavator bucket tooth, it is proposed to obtain its gradient structure according to the regime of heat treatment of castings in a foundry mold due to intensive cooling of its given surface to increase its hardness. At the same time, such conditions were used for the construction and formation of the pattern cluster in the sand, which cause the cooling of the opposite surface to slow down with its lower hardness, which corresponds to the conditions of self-sharpening of the tooth under its operating conditions. Keywords: Spheroidal graphite cast iron, austempering, heat treatment, castings, austenite, Lost Foam casting, bainite.
FEATURES OF ENSURING ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SYSTEMS
Authors: Pilinsky V.V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Shvaichenko V.B. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

An overview of the main structures of uninterruptible power systems is provided. The impact on internal-system and external-system electromagnetic compatibility of these devices is determined. Contemporary standards and requirements for ensuring electromagnetic compatibility of uninterruptible power systems are analyzed. Features of the structures of uninterrupted power systems such as online, offline and line interactive by the conductive path of propagation of interference are given. The main advantages of eco uninterrupted power supply are summarized. A generalized approach is proposed for the application of radiofrequency interference filters depending on the electromagnetic environment and features of uninterruptible power systems. Refined limitations on the possibilities of adjusting the basic and influence parasitic parameters of the filter links by symmetric and asymmetric propagation of conductive disturbances. The possibility of using remote control of the effectiveness of means of reducing conductive disturbances was assessed. The expediency of localization of control parameters of smart radiofrequency interference filters with the use of artificial intelligence is determined. References 10, figures 6, tables 2.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF BIDIRECTIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CONVERTER ON THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF ELECTRIC SUPPLY IN THE MICROGRID
Authors: Zharkin A.F. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Palachov S.O. , Pazieiev A.G. , Malakhatka D.O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The publication considers the modeling of the operating modes of inverter equipment used in low-voltage Microgrids. Provided description of the developed Microgrid simulation model, one of the components of which is a bidirectional semiconductor converter with a control system based on the application of abc-dq0 transformation. Was determined the influence of the presence of inverter equipment operating in the mode of current generation and regulation of reactive power on the indicators of the quality of power supply in the Microgrid, taking into account the transient processes that occur when connecting powerful loads. References 10, figures 4.
Project Spotlight: Students’ precast concrete solar house a green marvel
Authors: Atkinson William
Published: July 2024

Washington University in St. Louis, Mo., submitted the CRETE house as its entry to the Solar Decathlon 2017 in Denver, Colo. Multiple PCI members assisted with the creation of this energy-efficient, solar-powered precast concrete home.
The Government Cookbook
Authors: Davidson Alan
Published: July 2024

The publication of what is, although not so labelled, the British Government Cookbook, is something of a sensation. Alan Davidson here deals with one aspect, the straightforward political one - how did Mr Major and the Conservative Party get into our kitchens without anyone noticing? But there are many other aspects which deserve study and may receive it. The light which the content of the book casts on the government's attitude to the composition of Britain's population (no ethnic groups mentioned, but five religious ones briefly described); the implications of the complete papering over of any dietary or culinary differences between the countries and regions of the UK; all this and much more is still to be analysed. Meanwhile, Davidson addresses the outstanding topical issue.
Educar en virtudes a través de la literatura: narrativa, imaginación y deseo
Authors: Rumayor Miguel , Fernández-Espinosa Verónica , Haddad Nicole
Published: July 2024

En este artículo se examina, desde una óptica filosófica y educativa, el uso de la literatura como medio indispensable para la educación del carácter. El trabajo se centra en el estudio de diversos niveles de la imaginación y destaca cómo esta puede influir en el deseo de una comprensión moral y universal del mundo y en los retos culturales que se abren en este momento crucial. El escrito muestra que la presentación de modelos humanos atractivos y virtuosos es esencial para motivar el crecimiento personal y para inspirar el cultivo de virtudes como la prudencia, la laboriosidad y el uso moral de la imaginación. A través de las narrativas cautivadoras, la literatura puede fomentar así un florecimiento personal y social del carácter que sea profundo y significativo.
PIRLS 2021. Factores relacionados con el rendimiento lector en Educación Primaria en España
Authors: Ortega-Rodríguez Pablo-Javier
Published: July 2024

Este artículo pretende analizar los factores relacionados del alumnado con el rendimiento en lectura. La muestra está formada por 8551 estudiantes de 4º de Educación Primaria (52,1% de niños, 47,9% de niñas). Se ha realizado un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) y se ha calculado un modelo jerárquico multinivel a partir de los 28 ítems del cuestionario PIRLS. Los resultados muestran la interrelación de los cinco factores que influyen sobre el rendimiento: la actitud del alumnado hacia la lectura, su bienestar en el centro educativo, la calidad docente, la dificultad lectora del alumnado y su autoeficacia lectora.
Teachers’ Perceptions on Effect of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) on Students’ Mathematics Learning in Nepal
Authors: Belbase Shashidhar , Joshi Dirgha Raj , Khanal Bishnu
Published: July 2024

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) may have a significant impact on education in general and mathematics education in particular, with greater access to open learning sources, widespread interaction through online and social networking, and the availability of a variety
of teaching and learning tools. However, these benefits of using ICTs in mathematics teaching and learning should be materialized both by teachers and students at the individual and institutional level with application skills. This study aimed to explore the interrelation between teachers’
perceptions of using ICTs in mathematics teaching-learning and the learners’ performance in mathematics. An online survey was administered among mathematics teachers with an open invitation through social media, and 410 mathematics teachers from school to university level responded to
the questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, and structural equation modeling were the primary statistical techniques used in the research. The results showed six critical factors of ICT-related issues related to adjusting learning experiences, inspiration and motivational strategies
for learners, learning support, sharing and communication, evaluation/self-assessment for learning, and collaboration which impacted students’ mathematics performance. The types of institutions and availability of smartboards/whiteboards in the classrooms significantly contributed to
students’ performance in mathematics.
Quadratic Functions Representation: Pencil and Paper vs GeoGebra
Authors: Arnal-Palacián Mónica , Baeza Miguel Ángel , Claros-Mellado Javier
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to advance in the teaching-learning process of representing quadratic functions, both with pencil and paper and with a technological tool. For this purpose, a didactic experience is presented. Firstly, it is explained in the traditional way how to graph
a quadratic function; secondly, students are introduced to the GeoGebra software. It provides a categorization of the different errors and difficulties of the students, the comparison between a graphic representation with paper and pencil and a representation with GeoGebra, and the improvement
with the technological tool.
How to Think Critically
Authors: Gibbons Stephanie , Kingsbury Justine
Published: July 2024

We are surrounded by attempts to persuade us: advertisements, editorials, blog posts, and so forth. When should you be persuaded and when not? This textbook helps you improve your reasoning skills so that you can recognise successful (and unsuccessful) arguments. It contains embedded questions so that you can practice your skills as you go.
Assortment of Non-Ferrous Metal Products from the Early Iron Age in the Settlement of Isetskoye 3 in the Lower Iset River Area
Authors: Kostomarova Yulia ,   Tyumen Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lips Svetlana , Novikov Igor ,   Pikterra LLC,   Кurgan State University
Published: July 2024

Metal production in the Trans-Ural region in the Early Iron Age is known mainly from materials from the Itkul and Sargat cultures. The article introduces into scientific circulation the largest collection of objects (80 items) made of non-ferrous metal of the Baitovo culture of this period from the settlement of Isetskoye 3, located in the Lower Iset river area. The purpose of the study is to morphometrically characterize and determine the complex typology, as well as to conduct a comparative analysis with synchronous materials. The studied series of items includes weapons (arrowheads), labor tools (knives, a celt, an awl), elements of horse harness (a fragment of a bit), toilet items, jewelry (a mirror, rings, plaques), etc., as well as slags, ingots, and waste bronze foundry production. Preliminary conclusions on production technology were obtained, indicating that stone and clay molds were used for casting. The authors experimentally tested the hypothesis, which was not confirmed, on the possibility of using wooden knife models in the manufacture of clay casting molds. Signs of forging and abrasive casting processing were recorded on several metal objects. Based on their typology and the identified analogies, it was concluded that the complex is characteristic of the Scythian-Siberian cultures and can be dated back to the 7th – 6th/3rd centuries BC, which testifies to the contacts and connections of the Baitovo population with both the western (Itkul) and the eastern metallurgical centers. The presence of slag, a significant amount of bronze casting waste, and mold fragments confirms its local nature, which, however, does not exclude the import of some metal products from other territories.
Determinants of the Use of Big Data Technologies by Organizations in Russian Regions
Authors: Varlamova Julia A. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kadochnikova Ekaterina I. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
Published: July 2024

A scientific discussion is unfolding around data as a new factor of production that contributes to the transformation of traditional sectors of the economy, industrial integration, and ensures interregional interaction. At the same time, the question of the relationship with such traditional production factors as labor and capital needs to be answered. The study aims to identify the determinants of organizations' use of Big Data at a regional level. The main hypothesis of the study suggests that the key determinants of organizations' use of big data technologies are digital labor, digital capital and the socio-economic characteristics of regions. In the study we proposed a modified knowledge production function which was tested on open data from the Federal State Statistics Service for 85 regions of Russia in 2021-2022. Panel models were constructed using the method of least squares, generalized feasible least squares. The study presents illustrative material made using cartograms and graphical methods. The results of the study distinguished the spatial heterogeneity in the use of Big Data technologies in Russia's regions and differentiation of the regions by volume of digital capital and digital labor. Panel data models with random effects confirmed the positive impact of digital labor and digital capital on organizations' use of Big Data. Among the socio-economic characteristics of regions as determinants of the use of big data technologies, significant effects were obtained for the share of urban population, gross regional product and share of innovation costs. The study identifies the determinants of the development of the data economy in Russian regions, considering geographic, technological, and economic differentiation. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the proposal of the author's concept of a modified knowledge production function, which can be used as a fundamental basis for the development of the theory of data economics. The practical significance of the study lies in the validity of the value of Big Data, the use of which can help institutions and government authorities find new opportunities for the development of the data economy, taking into account regional differentiation, improving the methodology for monitoring the use of digital technologies by organizations, and identifying the key factors influencing the use of Big Data technologies by organizations.
HOWLING AT THE BLIND LADY, COMMUNICATION BARRIERS BETWEEN MINORS, PARENTS AND THE LAW
Authors: Miraglia Francesco , Rath-Boșca Albert-Camil
Published: July 2024

In a world of eternal accelerations old issues such as miscommunication between the representatives of the law or of the state in general and the minor or the familial unit are bound to aggravate. In this article we will present the general situation of the right of the child to be listened as it is imposed by international law and adapted for our respective legislations. After this we will offer a possible explanation as to why these laws seem to fail despite sincere efforts towards a betterment of the situation.
CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND THE NAGOYA PROTOCOL: PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN NIGERIA
Authors: Olorunnipa Temitope Abigail , Adisa-Ibojo Oluwabunlola Ibhade , Adetoye Funmilola Abeke
Published: July 2024

The continued sustenance of human being is, to a large extent, dependent on the conservation and/or preservation of the biological diversity in his particular environment. The totality of living thing around human being - ecosystems, species and genetic resources - is useful for his existence and sustained development as well. But over the ages, biological diversity has been challenged by different issues like degradation, pollution, alien invasions and so forth which has led to the extinction of some biological diversity at one time or the other. In addition to these is the crucial challenge of patenting the traditional knowledge in genetic resources of traditional communities without due regard to same as their cultural heritage that need yield economic interest as well as morally deserving attribution. The international frameworks to tackle this challenge have also addressed the need to have different interests protected including the local or indigenous communities. With the aid of doctrinal method of research, this work aim at exploring the provisions of the international instruments being the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Equitable Sharing of Benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources cum how they relate to the protection of local and indigenous communities. It concludes that the instruments are targeted towards human sustainability generally but needs domestication and enforcement in our developing environments for there to be efficacy in the protection of the traditional knowledge in the biodiversity of local communities from misuse, misappropriation and abuse.
THE CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH DIGITAL EDUCATION IN HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS
Authors: Nicoară Gabriela-Florina , Coroi Alex-Giulian
Published: July 2024

In the context of a digitized society, educational activities transcend conventional spaces. Generation Z, the cohort to which today's students belong, differs substantially from previous generations. Within this framework, characterized by the lens of technology and easy access to information, digital education is considered a cornerstone in educating the human resources of the future. Building upon these premises, the objective of this endeavor is to identify the main challenges encountered in the domain of military university education. Additionally, utilizing the method of content analysis, this article aims to delineate an accurate portrayal of the current state of challenges in the field of digital education and to present future perspectives in addressing these challenges.
The Effects of Consumption Motivations and Face Sensitivity on Self-esteem and Subjective Happiness: Focusing on Five-Star Hotels Users
Authors: Chung Doo-yeon , Seo Won-Seok ,   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea
Published: July 2024

This study analyzed the impacts of 5-star luxury hotel users' consumption motivations and face sensitivity on their self-esteem and subjective happiness. The main findings are as follows: Firstly, hotel users' conspicuous consumption motivation negatively influenced their self-esteem, while pleasure-oriented motivation had a positive impact. This suggests that hotels need strategies to make hotel users appear more sophisticated and trendy while using their hotels. Secondly, among hotel users' face sensitivity factors, public consciousness and self-conscious shame negatively affected self-esteem, while social formality had a positive impact. This indicates that hotels should strategically devise physical and non-physical elements to encourage hotel users to think more positively about themselves. Thirdly, hotel users' self-esteem had a positive influence on subjective happiness. This implies that--although hotel users may consume to keep up with the trends, to show off, or to seek others' recognition--their positive self-perceptions ultimately lead to happiness. Lastly, hotel users' self-esteem showed significant indirect effects on their pleasure-oriented motivation, public consciousness, social formality, and subjective happiness. This underscores the importance of hotel environments--such as entertainment options, signature menus, amenities, and photo spots--in influencing individuals' subjective happiness, especially for hotel users who prioritize social awareness and formality.
Opening the Access to International Legal Scholarship – an Introduction
Authors: Kunz Raffaela
Published: July 2024

Open Access, understood as the free accessibility and reusability of academic publications online, is hitting the shores of international law. The aim of this brief introduction is to show how the concept has found its way into international legal documents and become a frequently used publication modality for international legal scholars. However, I would also like to argue that treating Open Access as a mere technicality and publication modality does not do justice to its implications. Rather, the ongoing transformation to Open Access is a good moment to take a step back and address some fundamental questions concerning the politics of knowledge production in international legal scholarship and the constitution of the famous ‘invisible college of international lawyers’. As I would like to demonstrate, thinking about what ‘openness’ and ‘access’ to international legal scholarship mean, and should mean, turns our gaze to numerous questions that so far have largely escaped debate; questions seemingly only concerning the ‘backend’ of the knowledge production, but that nonetheless invisibly and often unnoticedly shape and frame our discipline.
andemic, Maternity, and Inter- national Lawyers from the Global South: a Call for an Intersectional Approach
Authors: Barbosa Lutiana Valadares Fernandes
Published: July 2024

What are the impacts of virtualisation on mothers from the Global South who are international law scholars and practitioners? This article argues that it created both challenges and opportunities. It starts with a general overview of international legal academia and states that the Divisible College of International Law is a predominantly male global-north college. Next, it provides some data on the pandemic and how it has affected output in academia in unequal ways by using Brazil as a case study. On that basis, the paper finds that motherhood requires distinct attention as against other performative identities. As a remedy, the paper applies TWAIL feminisms as the approach and framework to revisit this debate and render mothers from the Global South visible, especially in the post-pandemic context. Synthesising these findings, the article finally calls for an intersectional approach, namely a TWAIL matricentric feminist approach to international law.
Az íriszek kultúrtörténete
Authors: Sisa János
Published: July 2024

Az írisz a legősibb és legértékesebb kultúrába vont növényeink egyike. Az egyiptomi fáraók idejétől kezdve, a pogány vallásokon át a kereszténységig különleges tisztelet övezte. Az ókori és középkori világban vallások és uralkodók széles köre alkalmazta szimbólumként a növényt, melynek használata az orvostudományban is évezredes múltra tekint vissza.Az íriszek a természetben és a kertekben egyaránt a leglenyűgözőbb növények közé tartoznak, nem túlzás, amikor az „Észak orchideái”-ként jellemzik őket. A nemzetség tagjai a virágszínek lélegzetelállító változatosságát vonultatják fel a már feketének tetsző sötétlilától, az ibolyán és rózsaszínen át a sárga és fehér virágokig. A tiszta piros kivételével bármilyen színárnyalatban megtalálhatók, virágjaik lehetnek egyszerű egy-, vagy akár három-négy színűek.Az íriszek alkalmazása is igen sokrétű, találunk köztük vágott virágként, kerti tavakban, sziklakertekben, magas- és évelőágyásokban használható fajokat és vízpart imitátorként is elterjedtek .A Magyarországon őshonos 8 írisz faj közül az Iris pseudacorus (sárga nőszirom) kivételével mindegyik védett, az Iris aphylla subsp. hungarica (magyar nőszirom) pedig fokozottan védett státuszt élvez.
IMPROVING APPROACHES TO DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF FILLING OF THE PIPE BODY WITH PUMPED PRODUCT
Authors: Shammazov I.A. , Borisov A.V. , Aleksandruk B.S. , Nikitina V.S. , Mullabaev D.I.
Published: July 2024

As of 2015, there were more than 200 permanent and variable gravity sections of crude oil and petroleum product pipelines in the pipeline system of PJSC Transneft, the natural monopoly for pipeline transportation of crude oil and petroleum products in the Russian Federation. The operation of gravity sections in oil pipelines in Russia is a very important safety and environmental issue, and Russian oil transportation companies are constantly working on improving approaches to monitor and control pipeline operation modes. When these sections occur, special attention is given to determining the geometric capacity of the pipeline section, as pumping is done in batches and commercial pumping product remains in the gravity section during periodic shutdowns. Due to the limited technical equipment of these sections and the likely illegal unrecorded product withdrawals in these pipeline sections, the most demanding approach is to determine the fill factor of the pipe body. The fill factor is influenced by many factors, including the presence of gas phase and water accumulations, correct geometry of the pipe body and other factors. Given the given initial data, it can be seen that the solution to the problem of determining the filling level of a stopped oil pipeline is reduced to the construction of a multifactor model. For accurate determination, in addition to the model, there is a need for relevant software, an algorithm for solving the problem ofcalculating the filling factor. Correspondingly, operating organisations need a system for accounting and control of the product filling level at these sections at the level of improvement of the state system for ensuring unity of measurements and metrological support of accounting for the long-distance pipeline transport of oil and oil products - a strategic resource, the revenues from the sale of which account for about 23 % of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation.The calculation created and proposed by the authors is divided into stages in which the initial data is sequentially collected, the voltages on the capacitors are calculated, the data is processed using the interpolation method, an image is constructed using the Newton-Gauss method, and the filling factor is calculated with various multiphase pumping products. The calculation is made based on voltage readings from sensors located orthogonally to the axis of the pipe body. Using the approximation method and the Newton-Gauss method, you can get rid of the «noise» and level the phase boundary. When tested and implemented at pipeline pumping facilities, it will be possible to clarify the existing dependences of the influence of gas phase friction on the fluid flow rate, and, therefore, evaluate the effect on the filling factor. This calculation can become a tool in the fight against illegal tappings.
FEATURES OF CALCULATING LONGITUDINAL DISPLACEMENTS OF PIPELINES LAID IN HETEROGENEOUS SOILS
Authors: Ivanov V.A. , Borisov N.A. , Chekardovskij M.N. , Shabarov A.B. , Ponomareva T.G.
Published: July 2024

Achieving and maintaining the required reliability of the linear part of the main gas pipelines is of particular importance. Emergency destruction usually leads to large gas leaks into the atmosphere and undersupply to consumers, significant costs for the restoration of main gas pipelines. The difficulty and cost of carrying out repairs of main gas pipelines directly depends on the difficult conditions of the route and special technical solutions are needed to achieve the stability and reliability of pipelines on low-bearing soils. Thus, on existing gas pipelines, their longitudinal movements occur under the action of longitudinal forces, which leads to an increase in the stress state of gas pipelines and even the destruction of pipes. The significant time duration of the increase in gas pipeline movements indicates that these movements occur due to the rheological properties of soils. An analysis of the stress state of such sections of gas pipelines is necessary to assess their reliability, timing and methods of repair.
El uso de mujeres en delitos de la delincuencia económica
Authors: O’Donnell Agustina
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del trabajo es exhibir la tendencia en la utilización de mujeres en la comisión de delitos económicos, con particular referencia al delito de evasión fiscal en la República Argentina. Para ello, metodológicamente, se recurre a la doctrina que ha analizado el problema, que aún es escasa, y principalmente a la jurisprudencia reciente de los Tribunales de dicho país. En los últimos años, los tribunales especializados en materia tributaria, penal tributaria y contenciosa tributaria destacan uno de los patrones socioculturales más perniciosos que existe, el uso de mujeres para delictivos en sentencias que se proponen ver los hechos con perspectiva de género. En general, estas maniobras se cometen con mujeres vulnerables y de bajos recursos, aunque también se advierte en mujeres sin esa condición, familiares —madres, esposas e hijas— de los autores materiales de los diferentes delitos. A modo de conclusión, en el trabajo se destaca que el fenómeno conocido como feminización de la pobreza lleva a mujeres a ser parte de maniobras delictivas que otros cometen en las que son utilizadas como accionistas o como presidentas de empresas creadas al único efecto de delinquir.
Estructuras internacionales del narcotráfico y factores socioeconómicos de la violencia en Ecuador
Authors: Escobar-Jiménez Christian
Published: July 2024

Este artículo analiza el problema del aumento de la violencia en Ecuador durante los últimos años. Para ello, se presenta el tema a través de dos ejes. En primer lugar, se ofrece una aproximación general a la violencia desde la perspectiva transnacional y global del crimen organizado. Se debate la estructura general de las economías ilícitas y se propone varias explicaciones a la dinámica de la violencia, que relaciona los problemas globales con los locales. En segundo lugar, se presentan datos de la situación de la violencia en el país, y se discute la evolución en los diferentes escenarios que se suscitan en cada región. Se muestran estadísticos descriptivos y además se propone, de forma exploratoria, un modelo que vincula diferentes variables de la estructura socioeconómica interna de los cantones del país para relacionarlos con la violencia. Por último, se hace un repaso de la situación general de las cárceles en el país.
The landscape of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) modification in mRNA of the decidua in severe preeclampsia
Authors: Tong Jing , Li Hua , Zhang Liang , Zhang Cong
Published: July 2024

Recent discoveries in mRNA modification have highlighted N1-methyladenosine (m1A), but its role in preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we utilized methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify m1A peaks and the expression profile of mRNA in the decidua of humans with early-onset PE (EPE), late-onset PE (LPE), and normal pregnancy (NP). We assessed the m1A modification patterns in preeclamptic decidua using 10 m1A modulators. Our bioinformatic analysis focused on differentially methylated mRNAs (DMGs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) in pairwise comparisons of EPE vs. NP, LPE vs. NP, and EPE vs. LPE, as well as m1A-related DEGs. The comparisons of EPE vs. NP, LPE vs. NP, and EPE vs. LPE identified 3110, 2801, and 2818 DMGs, respectively. We discerned three different m1A modification patterns from this data. Further analysis revealed that key PE-related DMGs and m1A-related DEGs predominantly influence signaling pathways critical for decidualization, including cAMP, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Notch, and TGF-β pathways. Additionally, these modifications impact pathways related to vascular smooth muscle contraction, estrogen signaling, and relaxin signaling, contributing to vascular dysfunction. Our findings demonstrate that preeclamptic decidua exhibits unique mRNA m1A modification patterns and gene expression profiles that significantly alter signaling pathways essential for both decidualization and vascular dysfunction. These differences in m1A modification patterns provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms influencing the decidualization process and vascular function in the pathogenesis of PE. These m1A modification regulators could potentially serve as potent biomarkers or therapeutic targets for PE, warranting further investigation.
Comparative analysis of options for temperature control algorithms design in a chemical reactor
Authors: Labutin A.N. ,   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Andreenkov A.A. , Shuinа E.A. , Ponomareva Yu.N. ,   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University,   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology
Published: July 2024

In conditions of increased demand for the quality and efficiency of control systems for objects of various nature, for example, chemical reactors, it is advisable to apply the principle of state vector control, and not only the principle of output coordinate control. Application of modern methods of synthesis of control algorithms encounters difficulties associated with the multidimensionality and nonlinearity of objects, the parametric uncertainty of models and noncomplete measurability of the state vector. To synthesize the temperature control algorithms in a chemical reactor, the method of analytical design of aggregated regulators and the method of modal control based on a state controller have been used. The problem of noncomplete measurability of the state vector has been solved by decomposition, reduction of the object model. The authors have synthesized two nonlinear algorithms of temperature control using the method of the analytical design of aggregated regulators and two algorithms based on state controller using a reduced linearized object model. The properties of invariance, covariance, and robustness of the control system with various algorithms are investigated by modeling the control system using the initial nonlinear model of the object. The best quality indicators of transient control processes are demonstrated by a nonlinear algorithm with an integral component synthesized by the method of analytical design of aggregated regulators.
THE EUROPEAN EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEMES (EU ETS): SOME LEGAL PERSPECTIVES OF MARKET-BASED MECHANISMS
Authors: Medvedieva Maryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Matiushyna Olga ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

In this article, the implementation of the Paris Agreement by the European Union, the current stage in the development of the climate policy of the European community in the fight against global warming in accordance with the European Green Deal, which was based on the strategy of achieving climate neutrality by 2030 by reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% to 2030 comparing with the level of 1990, are analyzed. The author researches some legal aspects of the implementation of the "Fit for 55" package of sectoral initiatives to the EU legislation, in particular the current phase of the EU Emission Trading Schemes (EU ETS), market mechanisms of interstate trading of certificates on emissions. The author draws special attention to the prospects of introducing EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) with the aim of determining a fair price for emissions during carbon-intensive production of goods that are imported into the EU, as well as stimulating cleaner industrial production in non-EU countries, and to related potential challenges and prospects for the development of climate diplomacy in order to achieve agreed compromises between the participants of the Paris Agreement in combating with global warming.
Features of intestinal microbiota taxonomic composition and their relation with hormonal and immune status assessed in women with external genital endometriosis
Authors: Belchenko U. D. , Yakubova E. E. , Popovich T. S. , Agaeva E. L. , Kayalieva E. Z. , Khudaiberdiev E.-S. Sh. , Li Y. R. , Gasanov S. R. , Perederenko N. I. , Kadyrov E. Sh. , Novikov K. V. , Ostozhiev E. A. , Prasolov N. S. , Sorokina L. E.
Published: July 2024

Aim: systemically assessed characteristics of intestinal microbiota taxonomic composition in relation to parameters of hormonal and immune status in patients with external genital endometriosis (EGE).

Materials and Methods. The controlled cross-sectional study included 33 patients with EGE comprising main group, and 30 healthy women enrolled to control group. All women underwent assessment of hormonal status and cytokine expression levels in peripheral blood. Level of blood hormones estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL) was carried out using enzyme-linked immunosorbent and chemiluminescent assays. Expression levels of cytokines such as interleukin (IL) IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Taxonomic composition of intestinal microbiota at the level of phyla and genera was carried out by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Microbial community a-diversity, the Chao1, ACE, and Sobs indices were used.

Results. The concentration of blood E2 in main group was significantly higher compared to control group. Also, women with EGE had higher plasma concentrations for IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 and TNF-a compared to those in control group (p < 0.001). While analyzing bacterial community a-diversity in main group, Chao1 index was found to be significantly decreased. At the phylum level, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was increased in patients with EGE compared with that in control group. Among the 20 largest genera in patients with EGE, significant abundance was observed for Lachnospira, Blautia, Dorea, Streptococcus, Eubacterium hallii_group paralleled with significant decline in Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium eligens_group. A positive correlation was obtained between estrogen levels and the number of representatives from the genera Eubacterium hallii_group and Streptococcus, IL-8 and Streptococcus, TNF-α and Streptococcus and Lachnospira, as well as a negative correlation between TNF-α and Bifidobacterium.

Conclusion. A relation between dysbiotic intestinal alterations and developing endometriosis was found. The identified correlations between altered taxonomic composition of the intestinal microflora and parameters of hormonal and immune status in patients with EGE suggest that intestinal microbiota is involved in pathophysiology of endometriosis.
Case report: segmental form of Hailey-Hailey disease
Authors: Pritulo Olga A. , Eliseeva Valeriia S. , Chepurko Darya M. , Bekirova Elvira Yu. , Maraqa Marwan Ya.N. , Samarskaya Veronika K.
Published: July 2024

The article presents a clinical case of a rare segmental form of familial benign chronic pemphigus with a positive family history. Patient S., born in 2014, complained of unilateral eruptions in the area of the left retroauricular fold, left axilla, inguinal fold and labia majora on the left, plantar surface of the left foot. Eruptions were represented by erythematous foci, single blisters with serous contents, erosions, crusts. For the entire period, the patient was observed with the following diagnoses: microbial eczema, Sneddon-Wilkinson Disease, Inflammatory Linear Verrucose Epidermal Nevus. Due to the long-term relapsing course and ineffective therapy, additional examination methods were carried out – histological and genetic studies. Only after genetic testing, in which a heterozygous mutation of the ATP2C1 gene was revealed, and geneticist’s consultation, the final diagnosis was established – Hailey-Hailey Disease.It is known, that the segmental form is formed as a result of mosaicism, which can be of two types. The term "mosaicism" refers to the presence in an organism of two or more genetically heterogeneous cell populations formed from a genetically homogeneous zygote. The formation of type 1 mosaicism is based on a de novo postzygotic mutation at an early stage of embryogenesis. In turn, type 2 mosaicism develops as a result of a postzygotic mutation against the background of an already existing prezygotic mutation. Determining the type of mosaicism by genetic testing will make it possible to assess the prognosis of the disease and the chance of transmitting this disease to offspring.