bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comments on Cassese and Holman 2019
Authors: Zigerell Lawrence J.
Published: August 2021

During his campaign for the Republican Party nomination and for U.S. president, Donald Trump suggested that Hillary Clinton benefited from playing a "woman card". The effect of exposure to Trump's woman-card attack was investigated in the Cassese and Holman (2019) Political Psychology article "Playing the woman card: Ambivalent sexism in the 2016 U.S. presidential race". However, neither Cassese and Holman (2019) nor a reanalysis of data analyzed in the article provided sufficient evidence for key claims in the article. Moreover, Cassese and Holman (2019) is unclear whether its Study 2 experimental data could be used to test claims made based on its Study 1 non-experimental data, providing an example of how journal policy requiring access to survey questionnaires could help peer reviewers and readers better assess reported research.
Nos domínios das entidades das rochas
Authors: Andrade Lima Tania , Ribeiro Junior Ademir
Published: August 2021

Pesquisas arqueológicas e etnoarqueológicas conduzidas respectivamente na zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro e na Grande Salvador vêm encontrando, em sítios associados a africanos escravizados e seus descendentes, evidências de práticas espirituais nas quais algumas rochas tiveram e continuam tendo um grande protagonismo. Este artigo apresenta achados de seixos e blocos na chamada Pequena África, um reduto da população negra urbana próximo ao Cais do Valongo, em contextos que sugerem devoção a forças da sobrenatureza. E, da mesma forma em Salvador, seixos e matacões que, uma vez consagrados, são entendidos atualmente pelos terreiros de candomblé como materializações dessas forças. Consideradas vivas, elas são divinizadas e cultuadas isolada ou coletivamente até o fim do seu ciclo de vida, quando são descartadas ritualmente. Embora distantes no espaço e no tempo, os dois casos são discutidos aqui juntos tendo em vista que passado e presente se alimentam mutuamente. Não apenas os vestígios encontrados pela arqueologia atestam a profundidade temporal de algumas práticas atuais, como através delas é possível constatar que, não obstante o acentuado dinamismo das religiões afro-brasileiras, um núcleo fortemente conservador se manteve, perceptível na materialidade dessas práticas. Em especial nos líticos, repositórios de devoção, empoderados pela fé.
Construindo biografias arqueológicas
Authors: Torres de Souza Marcos Andre
Published: August 2021

Tomando como ponto de partida o estudo desenvolvido por Mark Leone sobre o jardim de William Paca, este artigo apresenta algumas considerações acerca da criação de narrativas sobre trajetórias de vida na Arqueologia, também conhecidas como biografias arqueológicas. Inicialmente, apresento algumas discussões de ordem metodológica e interpretativa, úteis para a construção de biografias. Em seguida, passo a dois exemplos tirados de pesquisas por mim desenvolvidas acerca da escravidão no Brasil Central: o caso de Joaquim Alves de Oliveira, proprietário do Engenho de São Joaquim, e o de Francisco Xavier Leite de Távora, proprietário do Engenho de Santo Izidro. Espero, com isso, contribuir com alguns elementos para os interessados em examinar trajetórias de vida na perspectiva da Arqueologia histórica.
¿Puede la Arqueología Histórica Afro-Americana ser una voz alternativa?
Authors: Leone Mark P. , Mullins Paul R. , Creveling Marian C. , Hurst Laurence , Jackson-Nash Barbara , Jones Lynn D. , Kaiser Hannah Jopling , Logan George C. , Warner Mark S.
Published: August 2021

Partiendo de una visión de la arqueológica histórica como una forma alternativa de construcción de pasados de grupos subalternos, este artículo propone situar dentro de la misma una línea de estudios de arqueología histórica afro-americana. Es a partir de este tipo de estudios críticos que la disciplina contribuye a la construcción de una sociedad más plural y democrática.
Una arqueología histórica del capitalismo
Authors: Leone Mark P.
Published: August 2021

Este artículo se propone discutir el potencial de entender la Arqueología Histórica a la luz de la teoría critica, pensándola como una arqueología del capitalismo. Esta conjunción de ideas permitirá al arqueólogo la construcción de nuevas narrativas criticas sobre las historias oficiales y sus silencios en relación con los grupos subalternos. La neutralidad científica tiene que ser cuestionada para poder pensar la dimensión política de la arqueología y su lugar en la construcción de narrativas. Una arqueología histórica del capitalismo puede desafiar la opresión y contribuir al desarrollo de sociedades más justas.
El Nuevo Templo Mormón en Washington, D. C.
Authors: Leone Mark P.
Published: August 2021

Este articulo tiene como objetivo discutir arqueológicamente la Catedral Mormona de Washington, construida por la Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los Últimos Días, en el condado de Montgomery, Maryland, Distrito de Columbia. Esta peculiar y sorprendente construcción refleja a través de su materialidad las aspiraciones e ideales mormones, que por su vez son exhibidos para el resto de la nación. A partir de un análisis estructural de su arquitectura, la arqueología crea herramientas para entender y generar interpretaciones sobre el universo mormón.
Fulfilment of minimum acceptable diet (MAD), short birth length and family income level are associated with stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Central Jakarta
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia, Madinar Madinar , Andina Ervida ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia, Achadi Endang L ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
Published: August 2021

Fulfilment of minimum acceptable diet (MAD), short birth length and family income level are associated with stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Central Jakarta
Stability of lactoferrin and lysozyme in human milk at various temperatures and duration of storage
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Kasiati  , Pertami Sumirah Budi ,   Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Utomo Agus Setyo ,   Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Arifah Siti Nur ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding, especially in the first six months, is essential for infants as it provides nutrition and protection against various diseases. Colostrum, which is found in the first breast milk produced, contains various protective factors, such as lactoferrin and lysozyme. Human milk can be stored at room temperature, refrigerated, or kept frozen. Several factors affect the stability of the bioactive content in human milk, such as temperature and storage time. The aim of this study was to measure the stability of lactoferrin and lysozyme levels in human milk during the first six hours (h) at different temperatures and compare it with that of frozen human milk. Methods: Human milk samples were obtained from 11 breastfeeding mothers using certain criteria. The human milk was stored at room temperature and 4°C for 1, 3, and 6 h and classified as never frozen, while frozen human milk was stored at -20°C for 1, 3, and 6 days. Measurement of the lactoferrin and lysozyme levels was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The results showed that storage at room temperature significantly reduced lactoferrin and lysozyme levels. Lactoferrin levels in frozen human milk did not significantly decrease during the first six days. Meanwhile, the lysozyme levels in frozen human milk decreased significantly. Conclusion: The levels of lactoferrin and lysozyme in frozen human milk stored for the first six days were more stable than those stored at room temperature and 4°C in the first 6 h.
Level of consumer awareness among the college students
Authors: Rawal Dhavindra
Published: August 2021

This study aims at examining consumers’ awareness level towards labeling information of product in marketing practices based on an empirical study of college students in Tikapur  Municipality, Kailali. This study depends on a purposive sample of 180 students whichhave been selected from management, education and humanities faculties studying in graduate level at Tikapur Multiple Campus and Birendra Vidhya Mandir Campus at Tikapur, with a structured questionnaire to measure consumer buying behavior regarding the basic labeling information of packaged products, utilizing a four-point rating scale for measurement. The overall findings communicate that the aggregate consumers’ awareness level is low towards labeling information of packaged product in marketing practices. Furthermore, awareness level of management students is high in comparison to nonmanagementstudent.Similarly,maleconsumersarefoundmoreawarethanfemale.Thisstudyexploresthestatusandlevelofconsumerawarenessforthefirsttimeinstudyareaalongwiththesuggestionstoconsumers,businessmen,consumerforum,governmentunitsandpublic policymakers to improve the current status of consumer awareness, with implications for better business strategies and more useful to  consumerism.
Nepalese English (Nenglish): Diverse and expanded assortment of Standard English
Authors: Ghimire Nani Babu
Published: August 2021

Nepalese English is a new version of Standard English which is developed due to the effect of the Worlds Englishes. When the English language is expanded, the consequence has been seen in the use of English according to the socio-cultural context of the countries. The use of English either in spoken or written form is also seen differently from the Standard English in Nepal. To uncover this change in the use of English in Nepal, I studied two fictions (novels) written by two Nepalese literary figures in English based on qualitative analysis of the authors’ practice in the use of Nepalese English in writing fiction and found that there is the influence of Nepalese socio-cultural, socio-political, social norms and values in English literature. The finding also illustrated that Nepalese words (characters, location, kinship and taboos terms) are making their entries, complete sentences in Nepali are written, English suffixes are being attached to Nepalese words and vice versa, the word order of English is changed in Nepalese English (Nenglish), the literal translation of Nepalese proverbs are being introduced in English literature. The practice of writing English literature using Nepalese English is being extended to create its own features in English language which leads to develop Nepalese English as a separate variety in the field of language study.
School safety and existing legal provision guiding in the context of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Krishna Prasad
Published: August 2021

Disaster has impacted the education sector in Nepal. It has disrupted the teaching and learning system with an increased dropout rate of students. Furthermore, it has shaken the resilience of the local communities. Due to this situation, children are exposed to a vulnerable situation and lack a safe learning environment. To mitigate this risk, most of the countries have adopted the comprehensive safe school framework. It is expected to be effective measures in Disaster Risk Reduction in education. In the context of Nepal, Comprehensive School Safety (CSS) legal provisions have been formulated in principle but lack its implementation at school and local level. This article explores the existing guiding provisions contributing to safe schools. The desk study was conducted on the basis of published literature and analyzed. The findings revealed that education is seriously impacted by disaster each year, and there is an inadequate implementation of the existing legal provisions at the local and school level. In addition to that, after disasters situation, school dropouts has been increased, and equal access to education has been challenged and more importantly, teaching and learning process are not continued. This has questioned the effective implementation of CSS and challenged the existing legal provision.
Negotiation for a free belonging: Home and human rights in Bhattarai’s Registän Diary
Authors: Pokharel Bhawana
Published: August 2021

Home and human rights appear as interwined categories in narratives related to migration. However, these two categories have not been amply explored as proximate matters in any migration related texts such as Registän Diary. Home is not only a place for dwelling with varying frameworks but also many other things like a space, a feeling and a will to belong. Having a home, a place to dwell and belong, is one of the basic rights of human, specifically in line with the view that human rights are rights held by individuals simply because they are part of the human species regardless of their sex, race, nationality, and economic background. In this paper, the researcher, remaining within the paradigm of qualitative research, draws ideas from the scholars alike Pico Iyer, Salman Rushdie, Shalley Mallet, Lynn Hunt, Joseph R. Slaughter, examines the life narratives of the labour migrants to the Gulf from Nepal, argues and concludes that be it through the multifaceted depiction of home or cases of human rights abuse, Registän Diary negotiates a free belonging for all the citizens in a secure world.
Inspiration Clones literature: Tracing the imprints of Bob Dylan’s Song on Joyce Carol Oates’s Story
Authors: Lamichhane Yog Raj
Published: August 2021

Drawn by the dedication of Joyce Carol Oates’s story “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?” to Bob Dylan and motivated by her later admission regarding the inspiration of Dylan’s song “It’s All Over Now, Baby Blue” to write the story, the study examines how the song has transmitted its imprints on the story. Inspiration is the theoretical framework for the study, which has been diversely explained by various theorists incorporating its elusive nature. However, they have a common understanding of its role as a necessary condition for creativity. This inquiry synthesizes the literature associated with the song and the story, analyzes the theories related to creative inspiration, and scrutinizes the reiteration of evidence from the seminal song in the story. The reiteration of context, character, and imagery of the song in the story infers the whole story as literary cloning of the song. Ultimately, the study contributes to understanding how a form of art facilitates the audience not only offering joy but also inspiring them for their further creative process and how the seminal work reappears as metamorphosis.
Difficulties of Grade X students in learning Trigonometry
Authors: Adhikari Tara Nath , Subedi Abatar
Published: August 2021

Abstract This paper aims to explain the difficulties of grade X students in learning trigonometry that were explored from an empirical study in the year 2017 AD. The researcher used explanatory mixed research design where 155 students of grade X were selected randomly from the four schools of Kirtipur municipality to conduct initial survey to find low achievers and most difficult content areas of trigonometry by using achievement test. Then five low achievers and respective three mathematics teachers were selected and interviewed with the help of semi-structured interview guidelines to explore what difficulties had they experienced and encountered in learning trigonometry. The results revealed that mean achievement score of students in institutional schools was greater than that of students of community schools. However, there are some common areas of difficulties of students in both types of schools for learning trigonometry including the difficulties related to memorization of facts; comprehension of new concepts; transformation of verbal problems; derivation and proofs of trigonometric relations and unfamiliarity with the solving process of problems in application level. These difficulties are due to several reasons including abstract nature of contents, poor prerequisites among students, demonstration of teacher centered instruction, and focusing on rote memorization rather than conceptual understanding. Hence, it is recommended that both students and teachers need to focus on conceptual learning rather than rote memorization for meaningful understanding in trigonometry.
व्यतिरेक वितरणका आधारमा ब्याँसीभाषाका वर्ण निर्धारण byatirek bitaranka aadhaarmaa byaasibhaasaaka barna nirdhaaran
Authors: भट्ट डा. मोहन प्रसाद
Published: August 2021

प्रस्तुत लेख व्यासी ‘रं’ शौका भाषाको व्यतिरेक वितरणका आधारमा ब्यासी भाषाको वर्ण निर्धारणमा केन्द्रित छ । ब्याँसी भाषा चिनियाँ–तिब्बती भाषा परिवारको पश्चिमी हिमाली अन्तर्गत पर्ने शौका ‘रं’ समुदायको भाषा हो । ब्याँसी भाषामा ६ ओटा स्वर वर्ण र २९ वटा व्यञ्जन वर्ण रहेका पाइन्छन् । यी सबै वर्णहरूमा व्यतिरेक रहेको पाइन्छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा ब्याँसी भाषाका छ वटा स्वर वर्णलाई जिब्राको उचाइ, जिब्राको सक्रियता र ओठको गोलाइका आधारमा व्यतिरेक गरी वर्ण निर्धारण गरिएको छ । २९ वट२९ वटा व्यञ्जन वर्णलाई उच्चरण स्थान, उच्चारण प्रयत्न, घोषत्व र प्राणत्वका आधारमा व्यतिरेक गरी वर्ण निर्धारण प्रक्रियाको विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । ब्याँसी भाषाका अ, आ, इ, उ, ए, ओ गरी ६ वटा स्वरवर्ण जिब्राको सक्रियता, जिब्राको उचाइ र ओठको अवस्थाका आधारमा व्यतिरेकी रहेका, यस्तो व्यतिरेक पदादि, पदमध्य ब्याँसी ‘रं’ शौका भाषाको संरक्षण गर्नुका साथै भाषा अध्येताहरूलाई आधार सामग्रीको रूपमा सहयोग पु¥याउने अपेक्षा राखिएको छ ।
सार्वजनिक विद्यालयका शिक्षकहरूप्रति विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समिति र विद्यार्थीको व्यवहार अध्ययन Saarbajanik Bidhyalayaka Shikshakharuprati bidhyalaya byabasthaapan samiti ra bidhyaarthiko byabahaar adhyayan
Authors: साह Sah भोलाप्रसाद Bhola Prasad , शेर्पा Sherpa दावा Dawa
Published: August 2021

यस अध्ययनको मुख्य उद्देश्य सार्वजनिक विद्यालयका शिक्षकप्रति विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समिति र विद्यार्थीकाव्यवहारको अध्ययन गर्नु रहेको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचामा आधारित यस लेख सप्तरी जिल्लाको खडक नगरपालिकामा रहेका २ ओटा माध्यमिक विद्यालयहरूमा केन्द्रित छ । उद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोट विधिद्वारा २ जना प्रधानाध्यापक, २ जना विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष, २ जना अभिभावक, ४ जना शिक्षक र २ जना छात्र सहभागीका रूपमा लिइएका छन् । सहभागीहरूसँग अन्तरवार्ता छलफल र प्रश्नावलीद्वारा आवश्यक तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । अन्तरवार्तालाई टान्सक्राइब गरेर कोड निर्माण गरिएको छ । कोडका आधारमा थेमको निर्माणगरी थेमाटिक विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । अध्ययनअनुसार प्रधानाध्यापक र सहकर्मी शिक्षकहरूको एक आपसमा व्यवहार सद्भावपूर्ण रहेको पाइयो । साथै सामूहिक प्रयास, समन्वय र सहकार्यमा विद्यालयका योजना निर्माण, निर्णय रसमस्याहरू समाधान गर्ने गरेको पाइयो । विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष र निरीक्षकहरूले शिक्षकहरूसँग प्रजातान्त्रिक व्यवहार अवलम्बन गरेका साथै अभिभावक र विद्यार्थीहरूले पनि सकारात्मक व्यवहार गरेको पाइयो तर शिक्षण पेसाको गरिमा र प्रतिष्ठा दिनानुदिन घट्दै गएको अवस्थामा विद्यालयमा शिक्षकप्रति गरिने व्यवहार थप सम्मानजनक, सबल र समृद्ध बनाउन पेसागत र विषयगत रूपमा दक्ष, योग्य शिक्षक शिक्षण पेसामा प्रवेश गराउन शिक्षक नियुक्तिका स्पष्ट आधारहरूको निर्माण र कार्यान्वयन, विद्यालय तथा विश्वविद्यालयलाई राजनीतिक हस्तक्षेप मुक्त क्षेत्र, पेसामा संलग्नहरूका लागि आर्थिक स्वतन्त्रताको अवस्था सृजना हुने किसिमका नीतिगत व्यवस्था गर्न आवश्यक रहेको देखिन्छ। शिक्षकहरूप्रति सद्भाव र विश्वासको वातावरण निर्माण गर्नका लागि शिक्षकहरू विषयगत रूपमा दक्ष, लगनशील र जिम्मेवार भई आफ्नो पेसामा समर्पित हुन सकेमा सरोकारवालाहरूले शिक्षकलाई गर्ने व्यवहारमा सकार ात्मक दृष्टिकोणको विकास गर्न सघाउ पु¥याउने देखिन्छ ।
हरिशरण रामको पुनरागमन कथामा सबाल्टर्न Harisharan Ramko punaraagaman kathaamaa sbaltarn
Authors: आचार्य  Acharya उषा Usha
Published: August 2021

प्रस्तुत लेखमा कथाकार इस्मालीद्वारा लिखित हरिशरण रामको पुनरागमन कथालाई सबाल्टर्न सिद्धान्तका आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । सदियौँदेखि इतिहासमा नसमेटिएका समाजमा तल्लो वर्ग मानिएका दलित, आवाजविहीन, सर्वहारा, गरिब, किनारीकृत समूह नै सबाल्टर्न समूह हुन् । सबाल्टर्न अध्ययन सांस्कृतिक अध्ययनको नवीन पद्धति हो । यसभित्र जुनसुकै प्रकारका विभेदका कारण किनारीकृत हुन पुगेका सबै शोषित वर्गलाई समेटिन्छ । यसले साहित्यमा अभिव्यक्त भएको सीमान्तीकृत समूहको स्थिति, प्रभुत्वशाली शक्ति र विचारधाराको खोजी गर्दछ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा सबाल्टर्न सिद्धान्तका आधारमा इस्मालीकृत ‘हरिशरण रामको पुनरागमन’कथामा सबाल्टर्न वर्गको जातीय, धार्मिक र भौगोलिक अवस्था पहिचान गरिएको छ साथै कथामा देखिएको सबाल्टर्नको स्थान, प्रभुत्वशाली संस्कृति र प्रतिरोधको अवस्थाको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा नेपालको महोत्तरी जिल्लामा रहेका चमार जातिलाई सबाल्टर्न वर्गका रूपमा चित्रण गरी उनीहरू अझै शक्तिको केन्द्रमा आउन नसकेको र प्रतिरोध गर्न नसकेको अवस्था प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । कथामा प्रकट भएको विषयवस्तु र पात्र नेपालको तत्तत् क्षेत्रकाआज पनि सबाल्टर्न जीवन बाँचेको देखिन्छ । त्यसैले सबाल्टर्न वर्ग बुझ्न यस कथाको अध्ययन गर्नु उपयोगी देखिन्छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा पाठविश्लेषण विधिबाट प्रस्तुत कथाका पात्र जातीयताका साथै धार्मिक, भौगोलिक सबाल्टर्न पनि रहेका छन् र उनीहरू आवाजवीहीन रहेका छन् भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Efficacy of Combining Metformin with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Pathologic Response in Non-diabetic Patients with Carcinoma Breast- A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dharanipragada Kadambari , Ghimire Niraj , Dharanipragada Kadambari , Ghimire Nisha , Dasarathan Shanmugam , Zachariah Bobby , Ch Toi Pampa , VC Sunitha , Selvarajan Sandhiya
Published: August 2021

Background: In India breast cancer forms the commonest malignancy after cervical cancer in females and is detected in 20 per 1,00,000 women. Metformin acts as oral hypoglycemia drug and anti-tumor drug. Mechanism of action of metformin is to inhibit cellular proliferation as well as to increases pathological Complete Response in breast cancer patients when used in addition to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods: This randomized control trial study was conducted on 54 patients to assess the effect of adding metformin to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pathologic response in Breast Cancer patients as well as to establish safety and tolerance of metformin as a neoadjuvant drug in Breast cancer and to measure the effect of metformin on sex hormones, tumor and insulin resistance dated from November 2016 to June 2018. Study group received metformin along with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Control group received neoadjuvant chemotherapy only. In every visit, side effects of metformin were assessed like nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, dizziness. Pre NACT-BMI and Post NACT- BMI were calculated and differences were assessed. Any post-operative complication was looked for post-surgery. Data was analysed by SPSS version 19.
Results: Our study showed that DHEAS level decreased by 5.65 in study group while the fall in DHEAS in non-metformin arm was 2.1. 7.1% of participants in metformin group showed complete response, 78.6% participants showed partial response and 14.3% had progressive disease. In non-metformin group, complete, partial response and progressive disease were seen in 40.0%, 60.0% and 0.0% respectively. Patient in control group had higher complete response. However, the difference in pathologic complete response between metformin and non-metformin group has no statistical significance (p= 0.057).
Conclusion: Our study supports the view that patient without insulin resistance treated with NACT alone has higher pathologic complete response than the patient treated with NACT with metformin. However, sample size of present study is small to support the results.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Think Talk Write (TTW) dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Surat Pribadi pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Pelita Kasih Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Simanjuntak Marinir Tu Meilani , Arono Arono , Noermanzah Noermanzah
Published: August 2021

Salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki kemampuan siswa dalam menulis surat pribadi yaitu dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif think talk write. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan proses pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif think talk write dan menggambarkan hasil belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif think talk write. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tiga langkah-langkah dalam menganalisis data yaitu mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan inter rater dan member check. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa langkah-langkah pembelajaran menulis surat pribadi dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif think talk write yaitu, think (berpikir) dilakukan dengan cara memberikan bahan bacaan dan meminta siswa untuk menulis hal yang dianggap penting, talk (berbicara) dilakukan dengan cara guru membimbing siswa untuk melakukan diskusi mengenai hasil catatan siswa, dan write (menulis) dilakukan dengan cara meminta siswa untuk mengkontruksikan hasil yang telah diperoleh dari tahapan think (berpikir) dan talk (berbicara). Kemudian, hasil kemampuan siswa dalam menulis surat pribadi dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif think talk write diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 75,18 termasuk dalam kategori cukup.
MECHANISMS OF ATHEROGENESIS AND ITS INTENSIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Kazymyrko V. K. , Ivanitska L. N. , Silantyeva T. S. , Dubkova A. G. , Kutovoy V. V.
Published: August 2021

The article describes the role of cholesterol crystals (CS) in the mechanisms of development in the inner lining of arteries of inflammation – granulomatosis, induced by foreign bodies. The smallest CS crystals are found already in early atherosclerotic lesions. They are a factor in the initiation and exacerbation of atherosclerosis (At), cause cell damage and apoptosis. The formation of crystals within the necrotic nuclei of plaques can lead to an increase in their volume and to rupture. It has been shown that damage to the membranes of macrophages phagolysosomes by absorbed CS crystals leads to the inclusion of protein complexes – inflammasomes – in the inflammatory process, which trigger the inflammatory signaling cascade and are responsible for the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inflammasomes NLRP3 are necessary for the process of atherogenesis; their activation is a link between the metabolism of cholesterol and inflammation involving macrophages. Unlike At, RA is manifested by autoimmune inflammation and immunocomplex vasculitis. When these diseases are combined, the effects of proinflammatory cytokines add up, an increase in the severity of inflammation, increased tissue damage and progression of atherosclerotic arterial lesions. The accelerated development of At in RA patients is facilitated by a combination of the action of traditional risk factors for atherogenesis and damage to the walls (endothelium) of arteries by immune complexes, complement, neutrophils and lymphocytes with an increase in their permeability to the lipid factor. The deposition of immune complexes in the capillaries of plaques leads to damage to their walls, destabilization of plaques and the development of acute cardiovascular events. The intensification of lipid accumulation and inflammation in the plaques of RA patients is confirmed in the section. Anticytokine drugs, primarily TNF-α and IL-1β antagonists, are pathogenetically substantiated agents for the progression of At in patients with RA. Statins remain a widely used class of drugs. They, in addition to hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, affect the crystallization of cholesterol, dissolve crystals and stabilize plaques.
The effect of L-arginine on the balance of essential amino acids in plasma of the patients with stable angina
Authors: Bogdan T. V. , Onishchenko V. O. , Bogdan V. V. , Savchenko O. V.
Published: August 2021

Background. Despite the significant achievements of clinical medicine in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease, the levels of morbidity, disability and mortality among the population of Ukraine from this pathology remain consistently high. The purpose. To improve the treatment of patients with stable angina by studying the effect of L-arginine on the balance of essential amino acids in blood plasma. Material and methods. It was examined 67 patients with stable angina. They were divided into two groups: group Ipatients received antianginal basic therapy, group II patients received basic antianginal therapy and L-arginine. The amino acid spectrum of patients' blood plasma was studied by ion-exchange liquid column chromatography, using an automatic amino acid analyzer T-339 Microtechna (Czech Republic, Prague). Results and discussion. In patients with stable angina who received basic therapy and L-arginine, in contrast to patients who received only basic therapy, plasma levels of arginine became normalized, which probably contributes to the synthesis of NO. The level of valine, leucine and isoleucine, which provide the synthesis of acyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA, became also normalized. Conclusion. Administration of L-arginine to patients with stable angina together with antianginal therapy helps to correct plasma amino acid imbalances, which is likely to effectively affect the course of the disease and prognosis.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF BACTERIAL LYSATE ON OXIDATIVE STRESS INDICATORS IN EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTIS IN RATS
Authors: Ievtushenko M. S. , Koshоva A. Yu. , Kryzhna S. I. , Tyupka T. I.
Published: August 2021

One of the stages of the pathophysiological study of the prooxidant-antioxidant state in terms of oxidative stress of the oral mucosa in rats with experimental periodontitis and pharmacological correction with bacterial lysate was carried out. Reproduction of periodontitis reliably led to a high degree of impairment of the lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant system (AOS), the red/ox-balance coefficient. It was proved that by the end of the 90-day period of observation of the course of periodontitis, the power of natural compensatory mechanisms acquired a state of decompensation, which was manifested by a high red/ox-balance ratio, inhibition of the functional activity of both non-enzymatic and enzymatic AOS links in the homogenate of gum tissue of control animal pathology: K (LPO/AOS) = 0.39, in intact animals = 1. The use of Respibron for 30 days contributed to the normalization of the antioxidant-prooxidant index, equal to 0.9 in this group and was statistically significantly higher than that in the Imudon group (0.64). The results obtained make it possible to continue studies of the course of experimental periodontitis from the point of view of establishing the mechanisms of development, protection, and restoration of tissues under conditions of pharmacological correction with the bacterial lysate Respibron®.
Analysis of the availability of drug circulation for various patient groups in healthcare institutions
Authors: Zbrozhek S. I.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. In the context of a pandemic of coronavirus infection, the relevance of organizing the availability of circulation of medicines in health care institutions is becoming one of the main areas of ensuring the rights of patients in Ukraine. World practice stipulates that in order to ensure the best results and optimize costs, the largest volume of human and financial resources should be concentrated at the primary level of the health care system, and the least at the highly specialized level. The aim of the work was to analyze the organization of the availability of circulation of medicines for patients in healthcare institutions of different levels. Materials and methods. Local forms of 33 health care institutions of the Kharkiv region were analyzed according to the methodology first developed by the author of the article on the basis of grouping by qualitative and quantitative indicators. Used documentary, regulatory, statistical, tabular, graphical and content analysis methods. Results and discussion. According to the levels of medical care and drug circulation, healthcare institutions were divided into three groups: the first group (primary level) – city polyclinics (15 institutions), the second group (secondary level) – maternity hospitals (3 institutions), the third group (tertiary level) – narrow-profile establishments (15 establishments). Found that the highest availability of medicines circulation (fi = 9) with the largest nomenclature range (152–281) is observed in the third group at the level of tertiary care. Conclusions. The organization of the availability of circulation of medicines in primary health care institutions is lower in comparison with the tertiary level of medical care. The question arises about the need for further in-depth research aimed at improving the regulatory framework to increase the availability of medicines circulation for patients, primarily at the level of primary health care.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO PHARMACOTHERAPY OF SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Hayduchok I. G.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. In the current context of the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, the role of pharmacotherapy in the maintenance of immunopathological syndromes among patients with systemic diseases and patients with dual health disorders is growing. The need to adjust the pharmacotherapy regimens of systemic autoimmune diseases arises when addressing issues of quality, economic and physical availability of drugs in accordance with wholesale and retail prices. In continuation of the research, the aim of the work was to study and implement innovative approaches in the pharmacotherapy of systemic autoimmune diseases by content analysis on the example of antiviral drugs for international nonproprietary name (INN) Acyclovir. Materials and methods. The information base of the study consisted of scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists on the topic of the article. The review of scientific sources of literature was carried out taking into account the recommendations of the Cochrane Society for PICO. The names of drugs were systematized by INN, trade names, the number of drugs, dosage forms. For the content analysis, the method of drug selection developed by the Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Law, General and Clinical Pharmacy of the Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education was used, which included seven criteria. Discussion. At the first stage of the study, a marketing analysis of the range of drugs for INN Acyclovir was performed. Medicines were selected, which according to the State Register of Medicines of Ukraine as of November 2020 were registered and allowed for circulation in health care facilities. After summarizing the processed data, a marketing list of drugs was compiled under the ATC code J05AB01 in accordance with the INN Acyclovir, which has 36 names of drugs. During the study, a discrete variation series of drug distribution was compiled, which indicates that the studied quantitative indicator of drug manufacturers fluctuates within the first group with the highest frequency (fi = 8). A graphic discrete variation in the form of a distribution polygon was created. Conclusions. Innovative approaches to the pharmacotherapy of systemic autoimmune diseases are the use of content analysis as an additional method in the study of pharmacotherapy of drugs. The study is based on the formalized method of qualitative and quantitative analysis of documents, which allows you to get a detailed picture of the selected clinical and pharmacological group of drugs – drugs by INN Aciclovir PBX code J05AB01. The analysis allows obtaining a complete description of the range and manufacturers of drugs approved for use.
SIGNIFIKASI TRAINING ESQ DALAM MENINGKATKAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL-SPIRITUAL DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA DI PEKANBARU
Authors: Ihsan M. , Jenita Jenita , Darnilawati Darnilawati
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya revolusi mental siswa dalam menghadapi berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi, yang tidak sejalan antara tindakan dengan tujuan, terlihat dari banyaknya siswa yang kehilangan jati dirinya, mengharapkan nilai yang bagus tetapi tidak berusaha, tinggi. keinginan tapi malas bekerja. Mentalitas yang baik dan dibina akan mencerminkan perilaku yang baik, bahkan ada siswa yang memiliki jiwa labil yang artinya mudah stres, depresi dan lain-lain. Sehingga dengan ESQ diharapkan siswa dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan emosionalnya.Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah 1). Apakah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pelatihan ESQ dengan peningkatan kecerdasan emosional-spiritual Mahasiswa di Pekanbaru dan 2). Adakah hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dan kecerdasan spiritual terhadap perilaku seseorang. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui angket, wawancara dan observasi, analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif.Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh di lapangan, pelatihan ESQ dapat meningkatkan mentalitas dan menghiasinya dengan karakter sebagai kunci sukses hidup. Hasil pelatihan ESQ dapat mengubah perilaku siswa agar tidak lagi membuang waktu, pergaulan siswa tidak lagi bebas sesuai keinginan, dan siswa juga sudah mulai mempersiapkan / memikirkan masa depannya. Dengan pelatihan ESQ dapat menanamkan emosi dan spiritual yang mendalam serta mampu meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya moralitas dan spiritualitas dalam hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan pelatihan ESQ 85% menyatakan bahwa pelatihan ESQ dapat mempengaruhi perilaku dalam berinteraksi dengan orang lain dan mampu membentuk ciri kepribadian yang dewasa dan mengagumkan serta mampu melahirkan karakter yang baik. Seseorang yang pernah mengikuti pelatihan pada umumnya sudah mampu mengartikulasikan sifat kejujuran, tanggung jawab, konsistensi, visioner yang akan mampu mengubah masa depannya sebagai orang sukses, begitu pula dengan karakter lainnya.

Kata Kunci: Pelatihan ESQ, Kecerdasan Emosional, Spiritual.
FAKTOR INTERNAL SERTA EKSTERNAL YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP NPL BANK SWASTA NASIONAL
Authors: Liviawati Liviawati , Wardi Jeni , Putri Gusmarila eka
Published: August 2021

Pendapatan bunga merupakan faktor utama sumber penghasilan bagi perbankan Indonesia. Pinjaman yang diberikan oleh bank memang dijamin oleh agunan, akan tetapi jika pinjaman itu sudah macet hal ini akan merugikan pihak perbankan dimana pihak perbankan akan mengalami kerugian berupa tidak dihasilkannya pendapatan bunga, kerugian yang lebih fatal lagi adalah adanya beban-beban lain yang akan dikeluarkan oleh bank dalam usaha mencairkan agunan tersebut serta rugi waktu.

            Tinggi  rendahnya kualitas pinjaman yang diberikan  itu akan tercermin di rasio net performing loan ( NPL ) suatu bank. Semakin tinggi nilai rasio NPL itu menandakan bahwa semakin rendah kualitas pinjamannya artinya tingkat collectibilitas pinjamannya semakin rendah dan berlaku sebaliknya. Tinggi rendahnya NPL ini juga mengganggu tingkat efisiensi dari operasional bank tersebut yang pada akhirnya akan mengganggu kepada kemampuan bank dalam menghasilkan laba ( profitabilitas ). Oleh sebab itu pihak perbankan sangat perlu untuk memperhatikan NPL ini.

Berdasarkan fenomena yang dijelaskan diatas maka peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian dengan judul Faktor internal serta eksternal yang berpengaruh terhadap NPL Bank Swasta Nasional

Rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini adalah Apakah  modal, likuiditas, efisiensi, inflasi, ukuran perusahaan, daya beli dan suku bunga SBI berpengaruh terhadap NPL bank swasta nasional?

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalis faktor internal dan eksternal yang berpengaruh terhadap  NPL pada bank swasta studi kasus pada bank swasta nasional.

Berdasarkan  hasil penelitian ada 4 faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap NPL yaitu modal, likuiditas, efisiensi dan ukuran perusahaan. 

 

Keyword : NPL, inflasi, SBI
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NIAT PENGGUNAAN E-MONEY MELALUI APLIKASI PEMBAYARAN BERBASIS DIGITAL MENGGUNAKAN MODEL UTAUT
Authors: Anugrah Meilinda dwi , Ompusunggu Hermaya
Published: August 2021

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini mendorong penggunaan e-money tidak hanya pada kartu pembayaran, tetapi juga melalui aplikasi pembayaran berbasis digital. Penelitian tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi niat seseorang untuk menggunakan e-money melalui aplikasi pembayaran berbasis digital dengan model UTAUT. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online melalui google docs. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 290 pengguna e-money di Kota Batam. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan WrapPLS 7.0, terdapat lima hipotesis yang mendukung, sedangkan dua hipotesis lainnya tidak mendukung. Riset ini berkontribusi pada program pemerintah untuk mewujudkan ekonomi digital di berbagai sektor industri, khususnya untuk memberikan solusi transaksi non tunai di Indonesia
ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING (ISR) PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nusron Lulu amalia , Diansari Rani eka
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine Profitability, Liquidity, Company Size, and Leverage on Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in Islamic Banking in Indonesia. The research period is 2016-2019. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population is all sharia banking in Indonesia registered with the OJK in 2016-2019. The sample was determined by purposive sampling technique, so that there were 32 financial reports from 8 BUS. Analysis makes use of multiple linear regression. The results concluded that (1) Profitability has no effect on Islamic Social Reporting. (2) Liquidity has no effect on Islamic Social Reporting. (3) Company size has no effect on Islamic Social Reporting. (4) Leverage affects Islamic Social Reporting. (5) Company age has no effect on Islamic Social Reporting. (6) Islamic Governance Score has no effect on Islamic Social Reporting.

 

Keywords: Profitability, Liquidity, Company Size, Leverage, Company Age, Islamic Governance Score, Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) Disclosure.
THE EFFECT OF MACRO ECONOMY ON SUKUK REQUESTS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Latifah  , Sari Nurmalasari , Ayu safitri Sri dewi , Baidawi Taufik
Published: August 2021

Implikasi dari perkembangan dunia perbankan adalah munculnya berbagai jenis dan bentuk lembaga keuangan, salah satunya Perbankan Syariah. Konsep sistem yang diterapkan oleh Perbankan Syariah adalah bentuk bagi hasil antara nasabah dengan bank itu sendiri. Sistem ini tidak memperhitungkan sistem atau bisa juga disebut bank tanpa bunga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh Suku Bunga Deposito Per kapita, Inflasi dan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) terhadap permintaan sukuk terhadap produk Sukuk Ritel di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data time series dengan menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien regresi sebesar -0,331 (negatif) dan nilai signifikan (0,000) lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi (0,05) yang menunjukkan bahwa nisbah bagi hasil berpengaruh negatif. Inflasi menghasilkan nilai t sebesar 4,972 dan memiliki tingkat signifikan 0,000 dimana nilai tersebut signifikan dengan signifikansi 0,05 dan lebih kecil dari 0,05. Dari hasil uji t dapat disimpulkan bahwa inflasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap prediksi permintaan sukuk ritel. PDB per kapita menghasilkan nilai t sebesar 5,250 dan memiliki tingkat permintaan sukuk ritel yang signifikan sebesar 0,01 jika dibandingkan dengan derajat kesalahan yang telah ditentukan sebesar 0,05. Variabel ini signifikan. Dari hasil uji t dapat disimpulkan bahwa PDB per kapita berpengaruh positif signifikan. PDB per kapita berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dalam memprediksi permintaan Sukuk ritel. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada periode 2012-2019 PDB perkapita positif yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun menjadi indikator laju pertumbuhan ekonomi.

Kata Kunci: Pengaruh Perkapita, Inflasi Deposito dan Produk Domestik Bruto, Permintaan Sukuk Di Indonesia
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG PASAR KAGET DIMASA PANDEMI COVID 19 DI KELURAHAN PEMATANG KAPAU KECAMATAN TENAYAN RAYA PEKANBARU (STUDI KASUS PASAR KAGET NURUL IKHLAS)
Authors: Listihana Wita dwika , N Arizal
Published: August 2021

Abstrak : Hasil Penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa omzet penjualan pedagang rata-rata setiap hari pasar  mengalami penurunan sebesar 36 %. Sedangkan penurunan pendapatan yang diterima setiap hari pasar adalah rata-rata sebesar 31,5 %. Sampai saat ini ternyata perkembangan pedagang sangat maju sekali, walaupun dalam situasi pandemic covid 19, namun pemilik pasar berusaha membantu para masyarakat yang ingin meningkatkan usahanya melalui berdagang. Yaitu dengan cara membangun kios-kios kecil dipinggir jalan untuk disewakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan dari penelitian terdahulu yang berjudul Persepsi Masyarakat Sekitar Terhadap Keberadaan  Pasar Kaget .Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah Untuk menganalisis  pendapatan yang diterima oleh pedagang pasar kaget dimasa pandemic covid 19 ini dan untuk melihat perkembangan Pedagang yang berada disekitar pemukiman pasar kaget di Kelurahan Pematang Kapau.Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah melalui analisis deskriftif Kualitatif, yang dilakukan melalui hasil wawancara dengan informan yang dibutuhkan sesuai dengan penelitian ini.
Effectiveness of Communication Skills Training Program in Developing Some Visual Perception and Writing Readiness Skills for Kindergarten Children
Authors: Abou-Eid Naglaa Fathy Sayed Ahmed
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The aim of the paper is to explore the effectiveness of Communication Skills Training Program in Developing Some Visual Perception and Writing Readiness Skills for Kindergarten Children. A semi-experimental, pre-post-test for the two groups (experimental and control) was employed. Participants were 30 children. They aged between 5 and 5.7 years (M=5.3 years, SD=0.984). Two groups were constructed with equal number of children for each (experimental = 15 children, of which 9 were girls, while 6 were boys, and control = 15 children, of which 10 were girls, while 5 were boys). A program was applied to the experimental group (12 sessions; 3 sessions per week; each session lasts for 20-25 minutes, total period or application = 4 weeks, that is a month). Results advocate the effectiveness of the employed raining program.
Gravitation, rotating bodies, and their relative velocities
Authors: Lagutin Boris
Published: August 2021

This preprint contains the author's analysis of rotational motions of bodies and gravitation based on the classical mechanics formulas. The analysis discovers some contradictory points in classical and orbital mechanics. It lead the author to conclude that gravitational interactions between bodies may depend on their relative velocities. Moreover, gravitational interactions may contain an unknown effect which is relative. The preprint describes an experiment which may prove that gravitational interactions depend on velocities (directions and magnitudes) of rotating bodies relatively to each other.
Atribut Produk Dalam Pembentukan Loyalitas Konsumen
Authors: Burhanudin Burhanudin , Ertyanto Oki
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh disain produk terhadap loyalitas konsumen, mengetahui pengaruh harga terhadap loyalitas konsumen, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh warna produk terhadap loyalitas konsumen. Ukuran sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 orang responden penggunan pasta gigi pepsodent. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disain produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen, harga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen, dan warna produk tidak berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas konsumen.