bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of complex sentences in the Russian and Turkish languages (on the example of precedence expression)
Authors: Alparslan Ahmet Muhammet
Published: May 2023

This article examines the similarity and difference of complex sentence in the Russian and Turkish languages. It is determined that there are more differences than similarities contained in complex sentences of the referred languages. Special attention is given to comparative analysis using the examples of phrases in the past tense within the structure of complex sentences of both languages. The article also analyses the influence of syntactic, semantic and conjunctive relations in the structure of complex sentences. Since the research involves two languages, it is based on the comparative method. Theoretical and functional methods of research are also applied. The topic of past tense in complex sentences has not been previously studies, especially in Turkey. Therefore, the author sets a goal to form the basis for the scientific work on a given topic that would be carried out in Turkey and Russia. It is assumed that the article would make a significant contribution to the Russian Turkology and philology. The main conclusions lie in describing the difference of a complex sentence in the Russian and Turkish languages.
The specificities of artistic way of thinking of Mehmet Nuzhet
Authors: Kirimov Tair Nuridinovich
Published: May 2023

  The goal of this article consists in determination of peculiarities and origins of artistic thinking of the Crimean Tatar writer of the XX century M. Nuzhet. Methodological and theoretical basis of the research is comprised of the works of U. Ipchi, E. Shemizade, J. Bekirov, A. Altanly, I. Kerimov, Y. Kandymov, and others. The aforementioned authors made an indisputable contribution to the development of Crimean Tatar literature and literary criticism. The creative heritage of M. Nuzhet is versatile and peculiar. His poetic, prosaic and translation works are fused with national spirit. The actions and feelings of the central characters of the artist’s lyrical works directly reflect his psychological state. Special attention is given to the psychological type of the lyricist. Comparative and textual analysis allow viewing the published and original manuscripts of M. Nuzhet. It is established that the writer systematically worked on studying feelings, emotions and ways of their expression. Using the traditional folk poetic forms, genres and images, he creates new patterns for affecting the audience. Speaking of the eternal anthropological topics, he transforms into a wise folk storyteller and preacher. For depicting the everyday reality, the writer assumes the masks of an old beggar or street drunkard. The poetic alliterations and assonances enliven the poet’s images even more. In the process of declamation of such poems, the audience actively uses various mimic emotions anticipated by the context.  
Semantic structure of the concept "patriotism" through the prism of linguocognitivistics
Authors: Shagbanova Khabiba Sadyrovna
Published: May 2023

The verbalization of the concept of "patriotism" is a fairly common phenomenon in the sociolinguistic space. In this regard, there is no doubt that the meaningful behavior of the structure of the sema patriotism and its derivatives is a subject of scientific interest. Being international in use, the lexeme representing the presented concept has semantic correlates in regions with different forms of government (for example, allegiance), historical and spiritual baggage. The author notes that the seme patriotism is predisposed to the explicative formation of a whole spectrum of meanings capable of accommodating lexemes within a specific context in the content space, both direct, primary meaning and secondary, projective meanings fixed in communicative practice. The author states that the semantic structure of the presented concept is characterized by a connotatively positive use, transmitting to the addressee not only a system of values, but also characterizing a class of people (patriots). The article states that the associative space of the presented unit of language and its derivatives is anthropocentric, and the implicitly present structural elements find expression in implicates that make the realization of the nuclear meaning in one of its many variants unique. The research is based on the methodological foundations and principles of the analysis of language as a mirror of national culture, developed in modern cognitive linguistics.
Features of Investment Legal Relations in the Sphere of Use of Fauna
Authors: Aliev R. I.
Published: May 2023

In this scientific article author revealed a general study of the features of investment relations in the sphere of the use of fauna as a subject of legal regulation. During the process of studying the norms of current legislation and the doctrine of law, author concluded the distinctive features ofinvestment relations in the sphere of the use of fauna, and author focused on the peculiarities of their legal regulation due to their diverse affiliation.
The Potential Market of Onco-Wellness for use of Nutraceutical Supplement’s Therapeutic Benefits
Authors: Gutte Rajashri Kanad , Jadhav Damini
Published: May 2023

Lifestyle changes and dietary modifications perform a key role in preventing cancer. This article aims to discuss the current nutraceutical products in the market on natural bioactive extracts mainly distinguished by a specific polyphenolic profile. Researchers are more focused on alternative and complementary therapy which has both nutritional and medicinal importance, pertinent to the prevention and treatment of disease mainly including natural products with the least or no side effects. At present, many well-documented nutraceuticals are accessible commercially in different forms including tablets, powder, vials, capsules and so on, based on the diseases being targeted. Nutraceuticals are being used as pharmaceuticals. Many of them in the range of herbal products and dietary supplements are purchased by the general public as self-medication. According to Fact.MR’s (Fact.MR, a market research and competitive intelligence provider) newly published report of GLOBE NEWSWIRE, the global market of nutraceutical supplements is anticipated to expand at a rate of above 8% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) till 2031. In growing day by day, India will be a strong market for nutraceutical products as the player in the industry. India is anticipated to have at least 3.5% of the worldwide market by 2023, with a CAGR of 8%. The acceptance and popularity of these nutraceuticals are very high. The targeted group and herbal, chemical and ingredient-based categories, especially the patented ones are in-depth classified. In this review, we highlighted products that are available on the Indian market that are enriched with supplementary micronutrients, functional foods and nutraceuticals that may suppress the development of cancer cells and promote cancer cell apoptosis.
Microblogging Replies and Opinion Polarization: A Natural Experiment
Authors:   University of Illinois Chicago, Lu Yingda , Wu Junjie ,   Beihang University, Tan Yong ,   University of Washington, Chen Jian ,   Tsinghua University
Published: May 2023

In recent years, there has been a heated discussion on opinion polarization on social media platforms. Extant research attributes the emergence of echo chambers to higher exposure to information from users’ existing social networks, which consists of like-minded others and argues that the provision of information from outside users’ networks could alleviate opinion polarization. In this paper, we formulate a hierarchical Bayesian learning model to investigate the impact of replies, one of the main channels for information outside of users’ networks, on opinion polarization. We leverage a unique natural experiment contained in the data from a leading microblogging website in China in which the reply function was shut down for three days. This setting allows us to identify the impact of replies from that of peer microblogs. We found that shutting down reply function reduced sentiment polarization on the microblogging site. In addition, this effect was more significant for individuals with higher social media participation. The results of this study shed light on marketing campaign strategies as well as the ways in which platform design can reduce polarization.
Competing with the Sharing Economy: Incumbents’ Reaction on Review Manipulation
Authors:   Iowa State University, Nie Cheng , Zheng Zhiqiang (Eric) ,   University of Texas at Dallas, Sarkar Sumit ,   University of Texas at Dallas
Published: May 2023

The emergence of the sharing economy has provided the market with an untapped wealth of supplies, posing a threat to incumbents. In response to competition from the sharing economy, incumbents must adjust their competitive strategies. In this paper, we focus our investigation on a nascent competitive strategy—consumer opinion manipulation—in the lodging sector of the hospitality industry. We examine two types of opinion manipulations through online reviews: promoting oneself and demoting one’s competitors. Combining data from Airbnb, Expedia, TripAdvisor, AirDNA, the Texas Comptroller’s Office, and Smith Travel Research, we estimate the impact of a new sharing economy entrant, Airbnb, on conventional hotels’ manipulation strategies by exploring the supply variation of the competing Airbnb listings around each hotel. We find that, intriguingly, hotels tend to reduce mutual demotion when facing the common “enemy” of Airbnb competition. However, there is considerable heterogeneity among hotels in response to Airbnb competition. Low-end hotels tend to not increase their review manipulation activities for purposes of either self-promotion or demotion, while high-end hotels tend to demote competing hotels less and promote themselves more in the presence of higher levels of Airbnb competition.
Explaining Data-Driven Decisions made by AI Systems: The Counterfactual Approach
Authors:   Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Fernández-Loría Carlos , Provost Foster ,   New York University, Han Xintian ,   New York University
Published: May 2023

We examine counterfactual explanations for explaining the decisions made by model-based AI systems. The counterfactual approach we consider defines an explanation as a set of the system’s data inputs that causally drives the decision (i.e., changing the inputs in the set changes the decision) and is irreducible (i.e., changing any subset of the inputs does not change the decision). We (1) demonstrate how this framework may be used to provide explanations for decisions made by general data-driven AI systems that can incorporate features with arbitrary data types and multiple predictive models, and (2) propose a heuristic procedure to find the most useful explanations depending on the context. We then contrast counterfactual explanations with methods that explain model predictions by weighting features according to their importance (e.g., Shapley additive explanations [SHAP], local interpretable model-agnostic explanations [LIME]) and present two fundamental reasons why we should carefully consider whether importance-weight explanations are well suited to explain system decisions. Specifically, we show that (1) features with a large importance weight for a model prediction may not affect the corresponding decision, and (2) importance weights are insufficient to communicate whether and how features influence decisions. We demonstrate this with several concise examples and three detailed case studies that compare the counterfactual approach with SHAP to illustrate conditions under which counterfactual explanations explain data-driven decisions better than importance weights.
The Path of the Righteous: Using Trace Data to Understand Fraud Decisions in Real Time
Authors:   University of Cologne, Weinmann Markus ,   Erasmus University, Valacich Joseph ,   University of Arizona, Schneider Christoph ,   University of Navarra, Jenkins Jeffrey ,   Brigham Young University, Hibbeln Martin ,   University of Duisburg­-Essen
Published: May 2023

Trace data—users’ digital records when interacting with technology—can reveal their cognitive dynamics when making decisions on websites in real time. Here, we present a trace­data method, analyzing movements captured via a computer mouse, to assess potential fraud when filling out an online form. In contrast to existing fraud­detection methods, which analyze information after submission, mouse­movement traces can capture the cognitive deliberations as possible indicators of fraud as it is happening. We report two controlled studies using different tasks, where participants could freely commit fraud to benefit themselves financially. As they performed the tasks, we captured mouse­cursor movement data and found that participants who entered fraudulent responses moved their mouse significantly more slowly and with greater deviation. We show that the extent of fraud matters such that more extensive fraud increases movement deviation and decreases movement speed. These results demonstrate the efficacy of analyzing mouse­movement traces to detect fraud during online transactions in real time, enabling organizations to confront fraud proactively as it is happening at internet scale. Our method of analyzing actual user behaviors in real time can complement other behavioral methods in the context of fraud and a variety of other contexts and settings.
Digital Strategic Initiatives and Digital Resources: Construct Definition and Future Research Directions
Authors:   Louisiana State University, Piccoli Gabriele ,   University of Pavia, Rodriguez Joaquin ,   Grenoble Ecole de Management, Grover Varun ,   University of Arkansas
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the structure and design of digital strategic initiatives (DSI): identifiable competitive moves that depend on digital resources to create and appropriate economic value. We use the term digital deliberately, in line with the recent push for discerning the so-called IT “x” and Digital “x” phenomena. The paper contributes to basic science by precisely defining the digital strategic initiative concept and its essential elements: digital resources. It clarifies the difference between digital resources and established constructs such as IT resources and IT-enabled resources. We posit that the defining characteristics of digital resources are their modular design, encapsulation of value, and programmatic interface. This work also shows how the design and development of digital strategic initiatives thrive in an infrastructural, combinatorial, and servitized environment. Using illustrative cases, we demonstrate applications of the concepts by introducing two value creation pathways for DSI: (1) orchestration of digital resources and (2) creation of novel digital resources. The paper concludes by presenting open research questions and offering extensions for future inquiry.
Understanding the Digital Resilience of Physicians during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study
Authors:   Shanghai University, Liu Yinghao , Xu Xin ,   The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Jin Yong ,   The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Deng Honglin ,   Tongji University
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the urgent need for healthcare entities to develop resilient strategies to cope with disruptions caused by the pandemic. This study focuses on the digital resilience of certified physicians who adopted an online healthcare community (OHC) to acquire patients and conduct telemedicine services during the pandemic. We synthesize the resilience literature and identify two effects of digital resilience—the resistance effect and the recovery effect. We use a proprietary dataset that matches online and offline data sources to study the digital resilience of physicians. A difference-in-differences (DID) analysis shows that physicians who adopted an OHC had strong resistance and recovery effects during the pandemic. Remarkably, after the COVID-19 outbreak, these physicians had 35.0% less reduction in medical consultations in the immediate period and 31.0% more bounce-back in the subsequent period as compared to physicians who did not adopt the OHC. We further analyze the sources of physicians’ digital resilience by distinguishing between new and existing patients from both online and offline channels. Our subgroup analysis shows that, in general, digital resilience is more pronounced when physicians have a higher online reputation rating or have more positive interactions with patients on the OHC platform, providing further support for the mechanisms underlying digital resilience. Our research has significant theoretical and managerial implications beyond the context of the pandemic.
„Das ist doch ein Engel dort hinten, oder?“ Religiöse Symbole und Motive in populärkulturellen Erzeugnissen erkunden
Authors: Bleisch Petra , Rassiller Markus , Bertschy Tina , Thalmann Markus
Published: May 2023

Jugendliche treffen in ihrem Alltag in Filmen, Serien, Werbung oder Games auf religiöse Symbole und Motive. Dieser Beitrag stellt eine Unterrichtseinheit vor, welche in Anlehnung an das LUKAS-Modell mit Schüler_innen der Sekundarstufen 1 und 2 das Erkennen und Erschliessen von religiösen Symbolen und Motiven in populärkulturellen Erzeugnissen einübt. Die Unterrichtseinheit wurde in einer 10H (8. Klasse) im Fach Ethik-Religionen-Gemeinschaft (ERG) einer Orientierungsschule im Kanton Freiburg (Schweiz) und in einem Kurs des 11. Jahrgangs im Fach Werte und Normen eines Gymnasiums in Hannover (Deutschland) durchgeführt.
Bewerten und Beurteilen. Dimensionen religionskundlicher Urteilsbildung
Authors: Rassiller Markus
Published: May 2023

In Katharina Franks Kompetenzmodell für religionskundlichen Unterricht stellt die Urteilskompetenz eine der fünf Kernkompetenzen dar. Sie ist dabei auf Fremddarstellungen von Religionen begrenzt – religiöse Selbstdarstellungen wie Texte oder Praktiken werden von der Urteilsbildung explizit ausgenommen. Dieser Beitrag plädiert für eine Erweiterung des Kompetenzmodells auf der Grundlage der aus der Geschichtsdidaktik bekannten Unterscheidung von Sach- und Werturteil und für eine Übertragung von Sach- und Werturteilsbildung auf religiöse Selbstdarstellungen. Eingeordnet wird dieser Vorschlag in die religionswissenschaftliche Diskussion über „Wertfreiheit“ allgemein und die Neutralität des Faches hinsichtlich einer Werturteilsbildung im Besonderen. Unter Rückgriff auf die Positionen von Max Weber und Russel T. McCucheons (marxistische Religionskritik) wird die Frage diskutiert, ob Religionswissenschaftler_innen, Lehrpersonen und auch Schüler_innen religiöse Selbstdarstellungen normativ bewerten dürfen oder sogar sollten. Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass Werturteile im Unterricht gebildet werden können, diese jedoch nicht mehr Bestandteil der fachwissenschaftlichen Kommunikation über religiöse Gegenstände sind und von dieser auch klar getrennt werden müssen. Auch für Sachurteile ist ein religionskundlicher Bezugsrahmen unabdingbar, für den einige Kriterien vorgeschlagen werden.
Ein heisses Eisen. Urteilskompetenz im religionswissenschaftlichen Fachdiskurs und in religionskundlichen Lehrplänen
Authors: Schröder Stefan
Published: May 2023

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Bedeutung der Urteilskompetenz und diese konkretisierender Denk-, Arbeits- und Handlungsweisen (DAH) für den Religionskundeunterricht. Zunächst wird der fachwissenschaftliche und fachdidaktische Diskurs zu diesem heissen Eisen nachvollzogen. Dem schliesst sich eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse dreier deutschsprachiger Lehrpläne (Kerncurriculum Werte und Normen, Niedersachsen; Bildungsplan Religion, Bremen; Deutschschweizer Lehrplan 21) zur schuldidaktischen Bedeutung der Urteilskompetenz im Religionskundeunterricht an. Die Analyse zeigt die Existenz unterschiedlicher Massstäbe und Bezugsrahmen für eine Urteilskompetenz in Religionskundeentwürfen auf, die v.a. im Hinblick auf die zentrale Rolle persönlicher religiös-weltanschaulicher Werturteile in den deutschen Lehrplänen kritisch reflektiert wird.
Investigating the Non-Electrostatic Component of Substrate Positioning Dynamics
Authors: Jiang Yaoyukun , Ding Ning , Shao Qianzhen , Stull Sebastian , Cheng Zihao , Yang Zhongyue
Published: May 2023

Substrate positioning dynamics (SPD), which orients the substrate to a reactive conformation in the active site, is critical in mediating enzyme catalysis. However, given that conformational changes often accompany variations in the enzyme interior electrostatics, it remains unknown whether SPD contains a non-electrostatic component that independently mediates catalysis, or originates primarily from perturbation of enzyme interior electrostatics. This study integrated computational and experimental approaches to investigate the non-electrostatic component of SPD using Kemp eliminase (KE) as a model enzyme. A molecular dynamics-derived descriptor, substrate positioning index (SPI), was used to quantify the impact of protein dynamics on substrate positioning. Using high throughput enzyme modeling, we selected 7 KE variants for kinetic assessment – these variants involved significantly different SPD but similar interior enzyme electrostatics. We observed a valley-shaped, two-segment piecewise linear correlation between the experimentally characterized activation free energies and SPI values. The trend is further validated using previously reported kinetic data. An optimal SPI value, corresponding to the lowest activation free energy, was observed for R154W, a surface mutation located distantly from the active site. Compared to the wild type, R154W involves favorable SPD that increases the proportion of reactive conformations for substrate deprotonation. These results indicate the presence of the non-electrostatic component of SPD, a concrete factor that mediates catalysis by tuning the population of reactive conformation.
cis-Selective Acyclic Diene Metathesis Polymerization using Bulky Cyclometalated Ruthenium Carbene Catalysts
Authors: Wang Yisong , Zhang Zepeng , Xu Yan
Published: May 2023

The regulation of cis-trans configuration is important for investigating the structure-property relationship and fine-tuning the properties of olefin-containing polymers. While classic metathesis polymerization typically yields trans-enriched polymer backbones, the selective construction of all-cis-configured polyalkenamers was previously restricted to the use of strained cyclic olefins or methyl/ethyl-capped acyclic cis-dienes as monomers. Here, we reported an efficient and diverse-oriented cis-selective ADMET using readily available terminal acyclic dienes, which achieves a high cis-percentage of up to 99% and satisfactory molar mass by a bulky cyclometalated ruthenium-carbene catalyst. This method is further compatible with trans-olefin embedded triene monomers, providing a convenient tool for constructing alternative cis-trans configurations in polyalkenamers. A cis-ADMET-prepared and G2-degradable polymer was also explored. This work expands the possibilities for precision polymer synthesis and may offer new avenues for material design.
Electrosynthesis of Iminophosphoranes: Accessing P(V) Ligands from P(III) Phosphines
Authors: Mdluli Velabo , Lehnherr Dan , Lam Yu-hong , Chaudhry Mohammad T. , Newman Justin A. , DaSilva Jimmy O. , Regalado Erik L.
Published: May 2023

Iminophosphorane P(V) compounds are accessed via electrochemical oxidation of commercially available P(III) ligands, including mono-, di- and tri-dentate phosphines as well as chiral phosphines. The reaction uses inexpensive bis(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimide as an efficient and safe aminating reagent. DFT calculations, cyclic voltammetry, and NMR spectroscopic studies provide insight into the reaction mechanism. The proposed mechanism based on the data reveals a special case of sequential paired electrolysis, namely a domino electrolysis process in which intermediates generated at the cathode are subsequently oxidized at the anode, followed by an additional convergent paired electrolysis process. DFT calculations of the frontier orbitals of the iminophosphorane are compared to those of the analogous P(III) phosphines and P(V) phosphine oxides. This reveals that N-cyano-iminophosphoranes have both a higher HOMO and lower LUMO than their analogous phosphine oxide, rendering them suitable for both sigma-donating and pi-back-bonding.
Upscaled laser synthesis of copper nanoparticles in acetone to correlate the surface modification of Nd-Fe-B feedstock properties with part properties after full melting and rapid solidification
Authors: Gabriel Philipp , Liu Jianing , Staab Franziska , Streubel Rene , Miertz Matthias , Durst Karsten , Gutfleisch Oliver , Barcikowski Stephan , Ziefuß Anna Rosa
Published: May 2023

The possibilities of nanoadditivation to achieve finer, more equiaxed grains unlock huge potential for the application field of functional materials, e.g. Nd-Fe-B magnets, where the control of the microstructure and the composition is of significant importance. The surface modification of hard magnetic microparticles by non-magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) opens a novel field of research. Here, especially Cu NPs with low amounts of oxides are of high relevance as colloidal nano-additive material. To increase the productivity of surfactant-free, laser-generated Cu NPs, we performed a process parameter study via laser ablation in acetone aiming for the highest possible productivity, increasing the throughput of NP additivation on the surface of functional feedstock micro powders. By optimizing the process parameters of laser power, laser fluence, repetition rate, volume flow, and spot size, a productivity of 0.19 µg/J of Cu NPs in acetone was achieved. Then we investigated how a fine microstructure of the magnet powder MQP-S can be retained to some extent along the process chain, throughout the melting and resolidification process during suction casting. A loading series of Cu NP nanoadditivation on magnet micro powders of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 wt.% was analyzed regarding magnetic properties and microstructure of the as-built part. Using full melting conditions of MQP-S by producing samples via suction casting modified with different amounts of Cu NP additions leads to finer grains, but increasing α-Fe content. Overall, the results enable higher production rates of Cu NPs in acetone and provide insights into the influence of NP-supporting characteristics on the properties of permanent magnet micro powders after full melting and resolidification.
Chemical Compatibilization, Macro-, and Microphase Separation of Hetero-Associative Polymers
Authors: Danielsen Scott
Published: May 2023

A mean-field equilibrium theory for reversible network formation due to heterotypic pairwise interactions in mixtures of associative polymers is extended via a weak inhomogeneity expansion to account for spatial fluctuations due to chemical incompatibility. We consider solutions and blends of polymers of types A and B with many associating groups per chain, and consider only A–B association between the groups. The structural correlations of the reversibly-bonded polymers are accounted for by considering the Gaussian 4-arm star-like chain conformations between cross-links, which is analogous to an affine-network assumption. Future extensions of this theory could further incorporate strand stretching from swelling or strong segregation. We show that the chemical incompatibility between A and B polymers drives a competition between associative and segregative phase separation. The addition of reversible A–B cross-links between incompatible A and B chains compatibilizes the mixture, minimizing the propensity for macroscopic phase separation into A- and B-rich phases. Under strong binding and segregation conditions, this results in eutectic-like behavior and local microphase segregation. The crossovers from macroscopic to microscopic phase separation occur at isotropic Lifshitz points, resulting in the potential for bicontinuous microemulsions. The reactive blending of such multifunctional polymers presents the opportunity to envision novel properties, processing conditions, and applications accessible by the tunable production of supramolecular complexes, mesophases, and multicomponent polymer networks.
Synthesis of Degradable Polyacetals via an Intramolecular Phosphonium Borane Lewis Pair Catalyzed Copolymerization of Epoxides with o-Phthaladehyde
Authors: Shi Minmin , Kou Xinhui , Li Jingjing , Hui Jiwen , Wang Xiaowu
Published: May 2023

An intramolecular phosphonium borane Lewis pair (PBB-Br) was used for the copolymerization of o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) with epoxides under mild conditions. In particular, poly(OPA-alt-PO) having high molecular weight (Mn = 42.5 kg/mol) with Đ = 1.12 was generated at 25 ℃ using PBB-Br as a highly efficient catalyst. The purity of OPA, temperature and monomer/comonomer feeding ratio effects on the copolymerization were investigated. Subsequently, the degradability and thermal stability of generated polyacetals were studied. Using alcohol as chain transfer agent, random or block polyacetal-polyethers with different structures can be obtained in one-pot synthesis.
A Multiobjective Closed-loop Approach Towards Autonomous Discovery of Electrocatalysts for Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Kavalsky Lance , Hegde Vinay , Meredig Bryce , Viswanathan Venkatasubramanian
Published: May 2023

Electrocatalyst discovery is an inherently multiobjective challenge that can benefit from closed-loop approaches towards acceleration. However, previous computational closed-loop efforts for electrocatalysis often focus on a single objective to be optimized. Here we demonstrate a multiobjective closed-loop strategy towards identifying single-atom alloy (SAA) electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction considering activity, stability, and cost. Candidates were autonomously selected via a multiobjective scoring approach, as implemented in our AutoCat software, and evaluated using a high-throughput density functional theory pipeline. We discuss the implications of our scoring system formulation and show its ability to efficiently explore the SAA design space. We also propose a multiobjective method to rank evaluated candidates balancing the three target metrics, with Zr$_1$Cr, Hf$_1$Cr, Ag$_1$Re, Au$_1$Re, and Ti$_1$Fe ranking the highest. The inclusion of Hf is of particular interest as it is more commonly found within the context of molecular catalysts, which are similar yet distinct from SAAs.
Gapless provides combined scaffolding, gap filling, and assembly correction with long reads
Authors: Schmeing Stephan , Robinson Mark D
Published: May 2023

Continuity, correctness, and completeness of genome assemblies are important for many biological projects. Long reads represent a major driver towards delivering high-quality genomes, but not everybody can achieve the necessary coverage for good long read-only assemblies. Therefore, improving existing assemblies with low-coverage long reads is a promising alternative. The improvements include correction, scaffolding, and gap filling. However, most tools perform only one of these tasks and the useful information of reads that supported the scaffolding is lost when running separate programs successively. Therefore, we propose a new tool for combined execution of all three tasks using PacBio or Oxford Nanopore reads.gapless is available at:https://github.com/schmeing/gapless.
Analisa Performa Motor Hy-2750b, Motor Mg995, Motor Ds3225mg, dan Motor 24h2a4428 sebagai Penggerak Portable Continuous Passive Motion (CPM)
Authors: Kusuma I Wayan Angga Wijaya , Santoso Sugeng
Published: May 2023

Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) is a therapeutic tool to assist patients in moving their joints after the patient has experienced trauma or underwent joint surgery. The CPM machine is used to avoid joint stiffness in the patient. Joint stiffness can be caused because patients who have undergone joint surgery are reluctant to move their joints due to pain. The design of the CPM machine that will be carried out has motion in flexion and horizontal abduction. The choice of the type of DC motor as the driving force for the CPM machine will determine the ability (performance) of the CPM in carrying out the rehabilitation process for postoperative knee fractures. Movements in restoring and improving the range of motion of the elbow are flexion movements, extension movements, pronation movements and supination movements. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is one motor that meets the standards that can be used as a driving motor for Portable Continuous Passive Motion (CPM), namely the HY-2705B type motor. The HY-2705B motor meets minimum standards in terms of motor torque, motor rotation angle, working voltage, motor working temperature, and motor weight. For the other three motors Motor MG995, Motor 24H2A4428, and Motor DS3225MG there is one standard that is not met.    

 

Keywords: Continuous Passive Motion, CPM, Fracture, HY-2705B, MG995, 24H2A4428, DS3225MG

 

ABSTRAK 

Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) merupakan alat terapi untuk membantu pasien dalam menggerakkan sendi setelah pasien mengalami trauma atau menjalani operasi sendi. Mesin CPM digunakan untuk menghindari terjadinya kekakuan sendi pada pasien. Kekakuan sendi dapat disebabkan karena pasien yang telah menjalani operasi sendi enggan menggerakan sendinya akibat rasa nyeri. Perancangan mesin CPM yang akan dilakukan memiliki gerak secara fleksi dan horisontal abduksi. Pemilihan jenis motor DC sebagai penggerak mesin CPM sangat menentukan kemampuan (performa) CPM dalam melakukan proses rehabilitasi fraktur lutut pasca operasi. Gerakan-gerakan dalam mengembalikan dan memperbaiki lingkup gerak siku tangan adalah gerakan flexion, gerakan extention gerakan pronation dan gerakan supination. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat satu motor yang memenuhi standar yang dapat digunakan sebagai motor penggerak untuk Portable Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) yaitu motor jenis HY-2705B. Motor HY-2705B memenuhi standar minimal baik dari torsi motor, sudut putar motor, tegangan kerja, suhu kerja motor, maupun berat motor. Untuk tiga motor yang lain Motor MG995, Motor 24H2A4428, dan Motor DS3225MG ada salah satu standar yang tidak terpenuhi.
Making Comments on Making Constitutions
Authors: Iorns Magellanes Catherine
Published: May 2023

This article comments on the "Making Constitutions" seminar panellists' articles that discuss constitutional reform, including Sir Geoffrey Palmer's call for a self-reflective society that needs its own constitution, Alison Quentin-Baxter's balancing act between continuity in the existing system and radical change, Dr Alex Frame's discussion of constitutional "architects" and "excavators", and Sir John Wallace's practical reflections on New Zealand's shift to the MMP system of government. The author provides an overview of themes and lessons from the panellists' articles, including the value of comparative study, the need for respected advisors and public confidence, and the role of lawyers. The author concludes that any talk of reform must begin imminently to improve New Zealand's lower level of public awareness about New Zealand's constitution.
Appellate Judicial Issues: Case Allocation and the Rule of Law
Authors: Butler Petra
Published: May 2023

As part of the session on Appellate Judicial Issues, the author provides a brief introduction to the role of the judge in Germany. The author provides an introduction to the German Constitution (Grundgesetz-GG) and explores the importance of the words "lawful judge" in article 101 I 2 GG, as well as the implications surrounding jurisdiction and the constitutional principles underpinning them.
Kepercayaan Tradisional didalam Gua Ngerit di Desa Senden Kecamatan Kampak Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Putri Ika Tya Palupi Kurnia , Putri Ika Tya Palupi Kurnia , Sukarman Sukarman
Published: May 2023

Kepercayaan tradisional yang terdapat di Gua Ngerit adalah salah satu kebudayaan yang masih dilestarikan sampai saat ini. Kepercayaan tradisional tersebut berada di Desa Senden Kecamatan Kampak Kabupaten Trenggalek. Makna dari kepercayaan tradisional yang masih dipercayai oleh masyarakat yaitu bisa mendapatkan kesehatan, keselamatan, keberkahan, kebahagiaan, dan bisa mewujudkan apa yang diinginkan ketika melakukan tata cara tradisi disana. Kepercayaan tradisional masih dilestarikan sampai sekarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Asal usul adanya kepercayaan tradisional didalam Gua Ngerit, (2) Aspek bentuk kepercayaan tradisional didalam Gua Ngerit, (3) Tata cara, ubarampe, dan makna, dan (4) Fungsi yang terdapat di kepercayaan tradisional. Pengkajian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori folklor, dengan metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan yaiku peneliti, daftar pertanyaan, lembar observasi, dan alat pembantu lainnya. Fungsi yang digunakan yaitu (1) sistem proyeksi, (2) alat pengesahan budaya, (3) alat pendhidikan, dan (4) alat kendali sosial.;
Kata Kunci: Kepercayaan, Tradisi, Folklor, dan Gua Ngerit
Pisuhan Dalam Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Direktif Menyuruh Di Pasar Turi Surabaya
Authors: Puspita Rya Arya , Surana Surana
Published: May 2023

Bahasa tidak dapat dipisahkan dari faktor sosial dan budaya masyarakat tempat bahasa itu digunakan. Bahasa adalah alat komunikasi yang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi antara pengguna lain. Tindak tutur ilokusi adalah suatu tuturan untuk melakukan sesuatu dengan tujuan dan fungsi tertentu. Tindak tutur direktif adalah jenis tuturan yang digunakan penutur untuk menyuruh mitra tutur untuk melakukan sesuatu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah supaya mengerti karakteristik dan bentuk pisuhan dalam tindak tutur ilokusi direktif menyuruh. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu berupa rekaman percakapan dari masyarakat dan catatkan mengenai pisuhan dalam tindak tutur ilokusi direktif menyuruh di Pasar Turi Surabaya. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Didalam mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik semak dan mencatat. Sumber data yang diteliti yaitu berupa lisan, yaitu tuturan yang digunakan panutur dan mitratutur secara langsung yang diucapkan setiap harinya. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu peneliti sendiri bertindak sebagai human instrument. Setelah mendapatkan data yang diharapkan, data tersebut kemudian diolah menggunakan metode deskriptif. Data tersebut kemudian dijelaskan menggunakan kalimat yang disusun secara naratif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan ada dua belas karakteristik pisuhan dan dua belas pisuhan dalam tindak tutur ilokusi direktif menyuruh di Pasar Turi Surabaya. Tindak tutur tersebut diucapkan secara langsung yang menjukkan panutur menggunakan pisuhan sebagai tuturan menyuruh kepada mitratutur. Kata kunci: Pisuhan, Tindak tutur direktif, Karakteristik dan Wujud Kasar
Tindakan Kekerasan dalam Roman Jemini karya Suparto Brata
Authors: Anjarwati Fita Dwi , Darni Darni
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAK;
Roman Jemini karya Suparto Brata merupakan salah satu roman fenomenal karena mengangkat permasalahan yang terjadi di zaman Kolonial. Salah satunya menceritakan tindakan kekerasan terhadap wanita sebagai tokoh sentral. Tindakan kekerasan terhadap wanita terbagi menjadi tiga, yaitu (1) tindakan kekerasan secara fisik; (2) tindakan kekerasan secara psikologis; dan (3) tindakan kekerasan secara seksual. Pokok permasalahan dalam artikel ini dikaji dengan menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam roman Jemini mengandung tiga tindakan kekerasan terhadap wanita, yaitu (1) tindakan kekerasan secara fisik berupa menjambak, mendorong, dan menyeret; (2) tindakan kekerasan secara psikologis berupa ancaman, menghina, merendahkan harga diri, dan mengisolir wanita; juga (3) tindakan kekerasan secara seksual berupa menjadikan gundik, dan pemaksaan menikah.;
Kata kunci: tindakan kekerasan fisik, tindakan kekerasan psikologis, tindakan kekerasan seksual.
Kemiskinan dalam Novel Tumetese Embun Swarga ing Pangkonan
Authors: Subchi Siti Aisatus , Darni Darni
Published: May 2023

Sastra merupakan cerminan masyarakat yang menggambarkan kenyataan tentang masayarakat. Novel  Tumetese Embun Swarga ing Pangkonan, termasuk salah satu karya tulis sastra yang menggambarkan kehidupan masyarakat. Novel yang ditulis oleh Tulus Setiyadi tersebut menunjukkan keadaan kemiskinan yang disandang oleh masyarakat.  Masalah yang dibahas yaitu tentang 1) pekerjaan; dan 2) pendidikan. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis masalah tersebut yaitu teori sosiologi sastra Wellek dan Warren, salah satu teori yang menghubungkan antara sastra dan konteks. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kalau kemiskinan yang terjadi dalam novel Tumetese Embun Swarga ing Pangkonan ada hubungannya dengan masalah pekerjaan dan pendidikan. Pekerjaan yang menyebabkan adanya kemiskinan tersebut berupa 1) petani; 2) dukun pijat; 3) tukang bangunan; 4) penjual kue tradisional; dan 5) tukang sapu. Sedangkan masalah lain yang juga menyebabkan adanya kemiskinan yaitu berhungan dengan pendidikan. Pendidikan termasuk dalam salah satu akses untuk mendukung suatu pekerjaan. Melalui pendidikan yang dilakukan setiap manusia akan mendapat pengetahuan dan ketrampilan yang dibutuhkan dalam dunia pekerjaan.

Kata kunci: kemiskinan, pekerjaan, pendidikan
Analisis Wacana Monolog Rubrik Pangudarasa Panjebar Semangat
Authors: Murdiana Yulio , Surana Surana
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

Didalam masyarakat Jawa terdapat sebuah majalah mingguan berbahasa Jawa yang bernama Panjebar Semangat. Majalah tersebut berisi banyak hal tentang bahasa, sastra, dan budaya Jawa yang terbagi dalam rubrik-rubrik penyusun majalah tersebut. Salah satu rubrik tersebut adalah rubrik pangudarasa. Rubrik tersebut adalah rubrik yang ditulis langsung oleh redaktur majalah tersebut. Jadi, rubrik tersebut merupakan ide atau gagasan pribadi seorang redaktur majalah dalam menyampaikan berita yang bersifat faktual dan terkini. Oleh sebab itu bahasa yang dipakai haruslah bahasa yang memenuhi aturan atau kaidah bahasa dalam penulisan rubrik tersebut agar penyampaian tujuan wacana ke pembaca tidak mengalami perbedaan makna antara penulis dan pembaca. Maka dari itu diadakan sebuah penelitian tentang unsur pembangun wacana tersebut.  Penelitian tersebut diberi judul “Analisis Wacana Monolog Rubrik “Pangudarasa” Majalah Panjebar Semangat”. Untuk penelitian ini khusus  membahas tentang unsur-unsur koherensi pembangun wacana tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini akan digunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Menurut Sugiyono (2016:9) metode deskriptif kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang berdasarkan pada filsafat postpositivisme digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi objek yang alamiah (sebagai lawannya adalah eksperimen) dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrument kunci teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara trigulasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini memuat ada 12 jenis unsur koherensi pembangun sebuah wacana, yaitu: (1) penambahan, (2) repitisi, (3) pronomina, (4) sinonimi, (5) totalitas bagian, (6) komparasi, (7) penekanan, (8) kontras, (9) simpulan, (10) contoh, (11) paralelisme, (12) waktu dan tempat.

Kata Kunci: wacana, analisis wacana, deskriptif kualitatif, koherensi, unsur koherensi.
Kuriositas Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Pulung Gantung Tali Pati karya Iman Budhi Santosa (Kajian Psikologi Sastra)
Authors: Puspitasari Driviany Indah , Darni Darni
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk kuriositas dari tokoh utama dalam novel “Pulung Gantung Tali Pati” karya Iman Budhi Santosa dengan menggunakan kajian psikologi sastra. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori kepribadian oleh William Mc Dougall, tetapi difokuskan pada insting atau naluri manusia. Penelitian ini termasuk deskriptif kualitatif yang menggunakan sumber data berupa novel “Pulung Gantung Tali Pati” karya Iman Budhi Santosa. Data penelitian ini adalah bentuk kuriositas tokoh utama dalam novel tersebut yang menurut jenisnya dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu epistemic curiosity, perceptual curiosity, dan social curiosity. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik studi pustaka serta teknik baca dan catat. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data penelitian adalah teknik analisis isi. Selanjutnya, dari banyaknya data yang sudah dikumpulkan akan dianalisis menurut pembagiannya masing-masing. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bentuk kuriositas tokoh utama dalam novel PGTP yang berjumlah 81. Dari banyaknya data tersebut, kemudian data dibagi menjadi 3 bagian. Data tentang bentuk epistemic curiosity ada 34. Bentuk perceptual curiosity ditemukan ada 25 data. Sedangkan ada 22 data yang termasuk bentuk social curiosity. Data-data tersebut berupa petikan dialog tokoh dan paragraf yang menggambarkan tentang rasa penasaran terhadap terjadinya suatu peristiwa, keadaan yang memberikan stimulus dan menumbuhkan rasa penasaran, serta seperti apa manusia yang memiliki rasa penasaran yang tinggi. Dari penelitian ini juga bisa diketahui tentang rasa penasaran (kuriositas) yang didasari dari adanya insting atau naluri manusia.

Kata Kunci: Kuriositas, Insting, Pulung Gantung Tali Pati
Causas y razón de mortalidad materna en gestantes de 15 a 49 años en Bogotá comparada con La Guajira, 2019.
Authors: Briceño Arias Sebastián , Bocanegra Moreno María Camila
Published: May 2023

Introducción: En Colombia las cifras de mortalidad materna siguen siendo alarmantes, es por esto que es necesario conocer causas, estadísticas, determinantes sociales en salud asociados a este fenómeno.
Objetivo: Enumerar las causas e identificar la razón de mortalidad materna en gestantes entre las edades de 15 y 49 años comparando los departamentos de La Guajira y en la ciudad de Bogotá en el 2019.
Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo de tipo ecológico. Incluyendo población gestante entre los 15 y 49 años con cualquier edad gestacional, de los departamentos estudiados; Se analizó información de fuentes estadísticas nacionales como el Departamento Nacional de Estadística (DANE) tabuladas en Excel 2.0, y bases de datos nacionales con publicaciones médicas y científicas. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistematizada de la capacidad asistencial ginecobstetrica de los departamentos estudiados.
Resultados: En el 2019 se evidencio que Bogotá presentó una RMM de 48,19 defunciones y La Guajira 189,74 por cada 100.000 NV, con tendencia a la disminución. Identificando 514 muertes maternas en donde prevaleció la hemorragia obstétrica con 18,5% y los trastornos hipertensivos asociados al embarazo con 18,1%. Respecto a la capacidad asistencial ginecoobstetrica, los datos de afiliación al Sistema de Seguridad Social en Salud fueron determinantes causales. El 82.9% de los afiliados en La Guajira corresponden al régimen subsidiado, mientras que en Bogotá el 82.8% son contribuyentes. Dentro de los determinantes sociales en salud de La Guajira se identificaron como causales la pobreza, etnicidad, condiciones socioeconómicas, entre otras; comparadas con Bogotá que presenta un menor índice de riesgo.
Conclusión: La RMM en Bogotá es menor que en el departamento de La Guajira. Ambos comparten las principales causas como hemorragias obstétricas y trastornos hipertensivos asociados al embarazo. Se presenta un mayor índice de afiliación en La Guajira al SISBEN 1; comparado a Bogotá con mayor cantidad de personas afiliadas al régimen contributivo. Respecto a los determinantes sociales en salud hay mayor riesgo de mortalidad materna en las gestantes de La Guajira.