bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contract for the Provision of Services and Labor Contract: A Comparative Analysis of Consequences for Parties Under Ukrainian Legislation
Authors: Makovii Viktor , Voloshyna Svitlana , Kushnir Yaroslav , Mykhailova Iryna , Tsarenko Serhii
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the legal consequences of concluding a labor contract and a contract for the provision of services. The need for such an analysis is due to the fact that employers often prefer to conclude civil law contracts with employees instead of labor contracts, since the latter are less beneficial for them. At the same time, for an employee, the conclusion of a contract for the provision of services instead of an employment contract entails the deprivation of all guarantees provided for by labor legislation. The historical prerequisites for the existence of similarities between labor and civil contracts are examined in the article. In order to distinguish between these types of contracts, a comparative analysis of the legal nature and consequences of the conclusion of an employment contract and a contract for the provision of services is carried out. The article analyzes the guarantees that are provided for by labor legislation and are aimed at ensuring the human right to work. It is concluded that when concluding civil contracts, these guarantees are lost, which significantly worsens the position of the employee. In this regard, the article analyzes the recommendations of the International Labor Organization aimed at distinguishing between civil and labor legal relations. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to consider these recommendations in the national legislation of all Member States.
Essence and Concept of Capitalization of Enterprises its Types and Methods of Evaluation
Authors: Pronko Lyudmila , Kolesnik Tatyana , Samborska Oksana
Published: February 2021

The historical aspect of the development of scientists' views on the company's capitalization is studied in the work, the stages of development of the concept of cost-oriented management are determined. The role and place of market capitalization in the system of indicators of cost-oriented management are determined, modern methodical approaches to the assessment of the value of the enterprise taking into account the indicator of market capitalization are given.  The fundamental differences between the areas of application of indicators of market value of the enterprise and market capitalization are established. The current problems of the Ukrainian economy that limit the widespread use of market capitalization in the valuation of companies are outlined, and proposals are made on the feasibility of valuing Ukrainian companies in terms of real capitalization. The importance of enterprise capitalization in the development of a market economy is emphasized. The evolution of the views of foreign scientists on the capitalization of enterprises has been studied. It is established that the economic essence of the capitalization of enterprises, as well as any asset, is the present value of future income generated by this asset. Bringing future income to the present is a process of discounting. The theory of capitalization of the company in its modern context began to be formed by neoclassical economists from the end of the XIX century. and gained popularity in the second part XX century. The theory of capitalization has given impetus to well-known neoclassical theories of corporate finance, such as the irrelevance theorem, risk theory, investment portfolio optimization theory, arbitrage pricing theory, and so on. It is established that according to the theory of capitalization, the capitalization of the enterprise and the market value of the enterprise are identical concepts, although the methods of their calculation differ. The theory of capitalization has given impetus to the development of many modern financial theories, which are currently under development and improvement.
Socio-Economic Risk Assessment and Peril Analysis in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Emergencies
Authors: Novikova Olga , Khandii Olena , Shamileva Larisa
Published: February 2021

The article proposes a methodology for assessing socio-economic risks and analysing perils in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and emergencies, and presents the results of its testing. The methodology allows assessing changes in labour risks by possible values of internal indicators. This makes it possible to develop scenario approaches in case of a change in quarantine restrictions or their lifting. Testing of the developed methodology for assessing socio-economic risks and analysing perils caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the domestic labour market and employment is based on determining changes in economic conditions of risk emergence and occurrence, direct employment risks, and assessment of socio-economic consequences of risks in case of strict quarantine measures during the 2nd quarter of 2020. A feature of the proposed scientific and methodological support for assessing socio-economic risks and analysing perils in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is taking into account the basic principles of the European system of social indicators using quantitative methods of assessing social risks in the workplace. The practical significance of the obtained results is that the introduction of the developed scientific and methodological support, and practical recommendations will promote the development of preventive measures to deal with socio-economic risks and perils in the domestic labor market and employment, to improve social protection during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to prioritise the government measures based on the risk ranking according to the occurrence, and the impact probability.
Optimizing the Resultativeness of Adapting an Economic Entity to the Conditions of Digitalization
Authors: Mottaeva Angela , Stepanova Julia , Meshkova Natalia , Semenova Galina
Published: February 2021

The paper discusses theoretical approaches to the concept of resultativeness, considers and substantiates modern approaches to adapting an economic entity to the conditions of digitalization. In this study, a formula for calculating the resultativeness of adaptation was established, taking into account the potential capabilities of an economic entity. On the basis of the proposed formula, possible quantitative values ​​of the resultativeness of adapting an economic entity to the conditions of digitalization are studied and their interpretation is provided. The paper reveals the economic essence of the absolute and relative differences between the performance indicators of an economic entity, which describe the result of adaptation to digitalization conditions. The components of adaptation resultativeness and a list of expressions describing them are presented. In the course of the study, the resultativeness of adaptation was determined using two research methods: deductive and inductive ones. Based on the results of the study, an algorithm for finding the optimal value of the resultativeness of adaptation in the context of digitalization and its costs is proposed. This algorithm will allow determining the optimal value of the resultativeness of adaptation in the context of digitalization and its costs, based on the calculation of the quantitative value of the resultativeness of adaptation of the enterprise and a retrospective analysis of the components of the resultativeness and costs of adaptation using the Nelder-Mead simplex method.
Impact of Information Technology on the HR Practices in the Public Sector: Evidence from the Republic of Kosovo
Authors: HOTI Hamdi , HOTI Arbër H. , KURHASKU Edisona
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, people are the most difficult beings to manage due to their complexity and complex nature. Human Resources in the public sector are structures that we must provide impartial treatment, ethical standards, and promote a value-based system. Human Resource Management (HRM) plays an important role in the development of a country, and in particular, in the implementation of strategic activities for the civil service in Public Administration. Recently, Information Technology (IT) has impacted  all actions of society, as well as organizational processes including HRM processes and practices.

Currently, Information Technology is making great changes, starting from the fact that it is impacting the public sector workers to attend training, in order for them to acquire different skills such as using IT developments, gaining new knowledge, skills, and using programs in different fields where more productive and profitable results are obtained. In this research paper, we have used two statistical extraction techniques which are OneWay ANOVA and Chi Square, which show that there is no difference between groups in the acquisition of the institution's policies, and also expresses the significance of the relationship between the main issues of active employees in developing knowledge in the use of IT in the public sector.
IDEOLOGIA DE GÊNERO E SEUS SENTIDOS: EMBATES HEGEMÔNICOS ACERCA DO ENSINO E DISCUSSÃO DE GÊNERO NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Silas Veloso de Paula
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho teórico-político discute a “ideologia de gênero” como um elemento discursivo de articulação transnacional. Nele, pretende-se abordar origem e constituição da mesma enquanto instrumento retórico que, desde 2014, tem causado um “pânico moral” nos segmentos sociais/políticos brasileiros. Ademais, procura-se apresentar outro sentido acerca do termo, em forma de conceito sociológico, ao mesmo tempo em que reitera uma perspectiva crítica. A partir da Teoria do Discurso, de Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe, pretende-se reflexionar a respeito dos significados e sentidos do referido elemento como uma ferramenta que põe em xeque o caráter democrático da educação, principalmente no que tange às ciências humanas. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada é qualitativa, de caráter exploratório e aponta para a “ideologia de gênero” difundida em um momento agnotológico, na qual são institucionalizadas práticas de perseguição, censura e demonização dos sujeitos e grupos que trabalham com as teorias de gênero.
“QUEBRANDO O GELO”: UTILIZAÇÃO DA CAIXA DE PERGUNTAS NA EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL ESCOLAR DESCRITA POR UMA PESQUISA PARTICIPANTE
Authors: Vizentim Lucas Aparecido , Milani Débora Raquel da Costa
Published: February 2021

RESUMOAbordar Educação Sexual no ambiente escolar pode causar temor e insegurança em professoras e professores, pelos mais diversos motivos. O tema, no entanto, é de inquestionável importância para o pleno desenvolvimento dos indivíduos, inclusive sua abordagem, direta e indireta, faz parte do rol de habilidades a serem desenvolvidas na Educação Básica, conforme propõe a Base Nacional Comum Curricular. A utilização de técnicas eficientes e adequadas à idade e ao nível de desenvolvimento em que alunas e alunos se encontram é imprescindível para o sucesso na abordagem do tema. Utilizando a pesquisa participante como instrumento metodológico de investigação qualitativa, este trabalho descreve detalhes de uma prática pedagógica e propõe aos profissionais da educação uma alternativa no desenvolimento do tema, a medida que observou-se sua interferência positiva no envolvimento e integração das alunas e alunos com os temas abordados, na apropriação de conceitos e na construção do conhecimento.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Sexual. Metodologia de Ensino. Educação Básica.
CORPO, GÊNERO, ENVELHECIMENTO E CULTURA VISUAL: a dança abrindo as fronteiras entre o possível e o inimaginável.
Authors: Oliveira Anderson José de , Franco Neil , Salvador Nayara Rios Cunha
Published: February 2021

RESUMOO presente artigo discute diferentes temas através de uma apresentação do programa Got Talent no qual uma senhora de aproximadamente 80 anos faz uma performance acrobática com um dançarino mais jovem. Analisando estas imagens, percebe-se o estranhamento frente a um casal tão peculiar. Tal aspecto foi observado através das expressões faciais da plateia e jurados e também através das falas destes últimos, antes e posteriormente à apresentação do referido casal. Através deste material foram feitas discussões relacionadas a gênero, corpo e envelhecimento, problematizando os limites impostos pela sociedade para o corpo de uma mulher idosa. Para a realização deste ensaio utilizamos de metodologia qualitativa com a correlação de fontes midiáticas e bibliográficas, através de um olhar pós-crítico. Percebemos que a performance desta senhora nos permite afirmar que pensar o corpo na e pela cultura é um caminho para desnaturalizá-lo e entendê-lo como um processo cultural e histórico.
“IDEOLOGIA DE GÊNERO” E ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO: DESAFIOS DO ENSINO DA SOCIOLOGIA NA POLÍTICA BRASILEIRA A PARTIR DOS EMBATES HEGEMÔNICOS EM TORNO DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Silas Veloso de Paula , Nara Isabella Costa Alves , Barreto Fernanda Gueiros Vidal
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa (exploratória) que discute a “Ideologia de Gênero” e o “Movimento Escola sem Partido” enquanto elementos discursivos inseridos em um campo de articulação transnacional. Parte-se das reflexões acerca dos “embates hegemônicos” em torno das políticas de gênero e sexualidade e de uma revisão bibliográfica em torno das temáticas em questão. Busca-se analisar a partir da teoria do discurso os desafios enfrentados pela sociologia no atual cenário político brasileiro. Como resultados, o trabalho aponta que tais elementos discursivos estão associados aos avanços e pautas neoconservadoras e neoliberais somadas aos interesses de grupos religiosos na América Latina, sendo a educação um espaço de disputa entre os sentidos que defrontam por fixação e hegemonia. Conclui-se evidenciando o urgente contexto estrutural das demandas anti-intelectuais, fundamentando propostas político-pedagógicas contrastantes, como a pedagogia feminista, pedagogia queer e decolonial assim como suas respectivas concepções curriculares.
ABORDAGENS E PRÁTICAS LGBTQ INCLUSIVAS NAS ESCOLAS EM PORTUGAL: ENTRE A MARGINALIZAÇÃO, A DESORIENTAÇÃO E O ASSIMILACIONISMO
Authors: Santos Hugo
Published: February 2021

Um pouco por todo o mundo ocidental multiplicam-se iniciativas e esforços para incluir temas relativos à diversidade de género e sexual nas políticas educativas e consequentemente nos currículos escolares. Contudo, muito pouco tem sido feito no sentido de averiguar o que se passa nas escolas, ao nível das práticas concretas e trabalho docente. Este artigo dedica-se a explorar as abordagens e práticas LGBTQ inclusivas nas escolas em Portugal, a partir de 14 grupos focais com 75 professores/as do ensino secundário. Argumenta-se que estas podem ser compreendidas a partir de três ideias fundamentais: marginalização, o que significa que estes temas tendem a ser secundarizados e invisibilizados; desorientação, com os/as professores/as a queixarem-se de falta de direção, conhecimentos, competências e formação, e assimilacionismo, com as poucas práticas concretas existentes a enveredarem por lógicas heteronormativas que comprometem uma inclusão crítica destes temas na educação.
Notes from the Editors, February 2021
Authors: Editors -
Published: February 2021

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This month's Review of the Month on "Colonialism Before the First World War" is from chapter 9 of political economists Utsa Patnaik and Prabhat Patnaik's pathbreaking new Monthly Review Press book, Capital and Imperialism: Theory, History, and the Present. In it, the Patnaiks develop an original theory of imperialism, arguing that expanded reproduction of the capitalist economies in what we today call the Global North, especially Great Britain, would not have taken place without the exploitation of the countries of the Global South.
The Drain of Wealth
Authors: Patnaik Utsa , Patnaik Prabhat
Published: February 2021

The Western European powers appropriated economic surplus from their colonies, materially and substantially aiding their own industrial transition from the eighteenth century onward, as well as the diffusion of capitalism to the regions of new European settlement. In the case of India, the concept of drain is based on the fact that a substantial part of its earnings was never permitted to accrue to the country; it was instead appropriated by the ruling power: Britain.
Pemanfaatan Kitosan untuk Menurunkan Kadar Logam Pb dalam Perairan yang Tercemar Minyak Bumi
Authors: Rosema Rima , Supriyantini Endang , Sedjati Sri
Published: February 2021

Kitosan telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan manusia, salah satunya dijadikan sebagai adsorben logam berat. Logam berat timbal (Pb) merupakan polutan yang mencemari perairan dan bersifat toksik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kapasitas dan daya adsorpsi larutan kitosan komersial dan non komersial (produk sendiri) dalam konsentrasi berbeda terhadap logam Pb. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksperimental laboratoris dengan rancangan percobaan Faktorial 2 Aras dengan menggunakan 1 kontrol (0 %) dan 4 perlakuan yaitu konsentrasi 0,5% (A), 1% (B), 1,5% (C) dan 2% (D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara sumber kitosan dengan konsentrasi kitosan untuk menurunkan kandungan Pb. Dosis terbaik yang mampu menurunkan logam Pb untuk kitosan komersial yaitu pada konsentrasi 1% dengan kapasitas penyerapan sebesar 0,228 mg/g dan kemampuan penyerapan sebesar 87,870 %. Sedangkan kitosan non komersial mampu menurunkan logam Pb pada konsentrasi 1,5% dengan kapasitas penyerapan sebesar 0,143 mg/g dan kemampuan penyerapan sebesar 82,660 %.  Chitosan has been widely used in various fields of human life, one of which is used as a heavy metal adsorbent. Lead heavy metals (Pb) is a pollutants that pollutes the waters and is toxic. This study aims to examine the capacity and adsorption capacity of commercial and non-commercial chitosan  solutions  (own products) in  different concentrations of Pb metal. The research method used is an experimental laboratories with chitosan from the isolation itself and commercial chitosan. The research method used is an experimental laboratory with 2 Aras factorial experimental design using 1 control  (0%) and 4 treatments namely a concentrations of 0.5% (A), 1% (B), 1.5% (C) and 2% (D). The results showed that there was an interaction between chitosan sources and chitosan concentration to reduce Pb content. The best dose that can reduce Pb metal for commercial chitosan is at a concentration of 1% with an adsorption capacity of 0.228 mg/g, and an adsorption ability of 87.870 %. while non-commercial chitosan can reduce Pb metal at a concentration of 1.5 % with an adsorption capacity of 0.143 mg/g and an adsorption ability of 82.660 %.
Keterkaitan antara Kelimpahan Zooplankton dan Parameter Lingkungan di Perairan Pantai Morosari, Kabupaten Demak
Authors: Mariyati Titik , Endrawati Hadi , Supriyantini Endang
Published: February 2021

Zooplankton berperan sebagai konsumen tingkat pertama, yaitu memindahkan energi dari produsen ke konsumen tingkat dua. Zooplankton dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kajian untuk mengetahui kualitas dan kesuburan suatu perairan yang sangat diperlukan untuk mendukung pemanfaatan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut. Perairan Morosari mengalami degradasi akibat rob dan berkurangnya tanaman mangrove Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan parameter kualitas air dengan kelimpahan zooplankton di Perairan Pantai Morosari, Demak. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dan penentuan lokasi dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, analisis data meliputi kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominasi dan analisis hubungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai korelasi parameter kualitas air yaitu 0,799 (DO), 0,928 (suhu), 0,758 (salinitas), -0,019 (pH), -0,318 (arus). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan parameter kualitas air terutama DO, suhu, dan salinitas mempunyai kaitan yang erat terhadap kelimpahan zooplankton di perairan Pantai Morosari. Zooplankton acts as the first level consumer, i.e. transferring energy from producers to second level consumers, zooplankton can be used as study material to find out the quality and fertility of water that is needed to support the use of coastal and marine resources. This study aims to determine the abundance of zooplankton, the types of zooplankton and the relation of water quality parameters with the abundance of zooplankton in Morosari Coastal Water, Demak. Research using methods of surveying and determining the location was chosen using the purposive sampling method, data analysis includes abundance, diversity index, uniformity, dominance, and relationship analysis. The results showed that correlation value between water parameters and abundance of zooplankton is 0,799 (DO), 0,928 (temperature), 0,758 (salinity), -0,019 (pH), -0,138 (current). Based on the results of the water quality parameters, especially DO, temperature, and salinity have a close relationship to the abundance of zooplankton in the waters of Morosari Beach.
Karakteristik Arus di Perairan Pulau Weh Pada Musim Peralihan 1 dan Kaitannya dengan Fluktuasi Suhu Permukaan Laut
Authors: Wisha Ulung Jantama , Situmeang Elma T.
Published: February 2021

Posisi Pulau Weh yang strategis membuat kawasan ini unik dalam hal karakteristik oseanografi fisik. Transfer massa air di Pulau Weh sangat signifikan yang akan berdampak pada sebaran suhu perairan di sekitar kawasan pesisir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan perpindahan massa air secara vertikal dan hubungannya terhadap perubahan suhu perairan. Tiga area penting diobservasi yang mewakili utara, timur, dan selatan pulau weh yakni kawasan Iboih, Ie Meulee, dan Keunekai. Tiga ADCP diinstal pada ketiga titik observasi tersebut. Secara vertikal, komponen kecepatan arus zonal dan meridional menunjukkan kecepatan yang lebih acak saat menuju ke permukaan dengan kecepatan kurang dari 0,5 m/detik. Identifikasi pasang surut elips pada seluruh stasiun membuktikan bahwa di perairan Pulau Weh, arus pasang surut dangat dominan yang mana faktor lain juga memiliki pengaruh dalam memicu perpindahan massa air di permukaan. Arah arus dominan berputar sesuai dengan kaidah Spiral Ekman dan pengaruh gaya Coriolis. Fluktuasi suhu mengikuti perubahan elevasi pemukaan dan kecepatan arus yang berkisar antara 25-35 oC. Pada penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa pada bagian utara (Iboih) dan selatan (Keunekai) Pulau Weh, fluktuasi suhu berlangsung secara berlawanan menyerupai “jungkat-jungkit” yang mengindikasikan peran besar dari transfer massa air dari Laut Andaman dan Samudera Hindia yang membawa massa air hangat selama musim perlaihan I. The strategic position of Weh Island makes this region is unique in terms of physical oceanography characteristics. Water mass transport in Weh Island is tremendously significant, whereby it will affect the distribution of temperature in the surrounding coastal area. This study aimed to determine the changes in vertical water mass movement and its relation to water temperature alteration. We observed three vital areas representing north, east, and south parts of Weh Island waters, namely Iboih, Ie Meulee, and Keunekai, respectively. Three ADCPs were installed at those three observation points. Vertically, the zonal and meridional current components showed a more randomly speed surface-ward with less than 0.5 m/s magnitude. Tidal ellipses identification at all stations proved that in the Weh Island, tidal current is predominant. Other factors also trigger water mass movement on the surface. Sea current dominant direction rotated as the Ekman Spiral and Coriolis force influence. Temperature fluctuation followed the surface elevation and current speed changes ranging from 25-35 oC. In this study, it shows that between northern (Iboih) and southern (Keunekai) part of Weh Island, the temperature fluctuation oppositely takes place like a “see saw” indicating the significant role of water mass transfer from the Andaman Sea and the Indian Ocean which brings warm water during the first transitional season.
The impact of ceo's personal characteristics on corporate social responsibility: evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mir Md Nazrul , Wu Dejun , Usman Muhammad , Nazir Muhammad Imran
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Advanced CSR research is still in the context of developed countries. Very limited research is available in the CSR system of developing countries such as Bangladesh. Specifically, this paper examines the impact of CEOs personal characteristics on CSR among the public listed company in Bangladesh.Theoretical Framework: This study also focuses on six firm characteristics firm size, profitability board size, firm leverage, sales and cash.Design/Methodology/Approach: Using ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis on 100 public listed firms at Dhaka stock exchange (DSE) and Chittagong stock exchange (CSE) in Bangladesh.Originality/Value: this study provides new evidence on the relationship between CEO Characteristics and corporate social responsibility in Bangladesh.Findings: The results show that CEO's impressive positive and rationally significant, which means male is better than women, corporate strategy is better than women in their strategy. One of the most important reasons for education because education also results CEO business education positive and significant, which ultimately affects the organization. The Chief Executive Officer of the organization is an important part of religion and its religion, so that the religion of CEO is Islam and Christian, then he will have more impact on the social welfare organization. The variability of CEO's religion (Islam and Christian) is positive, which affects the company's social welfare, which ultimately increases the company's value.
Sustainable supply chain management drivers and outcomes: an emphasis on strategic sustainability orientation in the food industries
Authors: Emamisaleh Korosh , Taimouri Arshia
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, due to the quick increase of population, degradation of the environment and social disparity moving towards sustainability is an indispensable issue. Aside from this importance, paying attention to sustainability provides opportunities for firms to be innovative. Previous studies largely focused on identifying drivers that enhance the firm capacity to innovate new products and services. However, less attention has been paid to sustainability orientation as a direct driver of a firm’s innovativeness leading towards long term business performance. In this study, sustainable supply chain drivers, strategic sustainability orientation and firm performance have been evaluated. The mediating concepts such as corporate environmental management and corporate social responsibility impacting the relationship between strategic sustainability orientation and firm performance have been tested too. The results illustrate that employees’ motivation and managerial attitude have positive impacts on strategic sustainability orientation and on the other hand strategic sustainability orientation with the mediating roles of corporate environmental management and corporate social responsibility has a positive effect on firm performance. This study was conducted on 120 Iranian companies that are active in food industries by using the SEM method.
The transformation of strategic airline alliances and airline joint ventures: where are they heading?
Authors: Tanrıverdi Gökhan , Yılmaz Ayşe Küçük
Published: February 2021

Airline companies has been incorporated various cooperation forms to handle risky situations arising from high competition level and to gain sustainable competitive advantages. The aim of this research is to reveal the transformation that strategic airline alliances and airline joint ventures have, with their current situation. In this research, which adopted the qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were held with top executives of five traditional airline companies affiliated to strategic airline alliances and airline joint ventures. The most significant finding obtained as a result of the research is that airline companies affiliated with strategic airline alliances are beginning to question alliances’ structures though airlines accept that alliances are still valuable to them. Another remarkable finding is that airlines have begun to move out of classical form with newly launched form of joint venture.
Advertising avoidance: a literature review
Authors: Ho Vi Truc
Published: February 2021

The avoidance of advertising is highly relevant to the audience, the general attitude towards the advertising and in some cases, it will cause aversion, the boycott of a brand regardless of the one billion designed advertising like how. This study aims to systematically examine and review existing research conducted in the area of advertising avoidance. By elaborating and summarizing various studies, the author provides an overview of the main trends mentioned in the literature regarding avoiding advertising. In this review, the author summarizes the four elementary schools that researchers are aiming to evade advertising, including the intrinsic value of advertising, customer perceptions, and testing for differences in personalizing and the theory of time in advertising.  The avoidance of advertising has experimented under different media from newspapers, television, the internet ... however, depending on the different forms, the evading behavior of customers is different. Furthermore, the constraints consider future studies to examine further discussion and the proposed directions.
Multi-criteria decision making for supplier selection: a literature critique
Authors: Manucharyan Hayk
Published: February 2021

In contemporary supply chain management, a company’s performance is largely dependent on its strategic choice of suppliers. The complexity of supplier evaluation and selection is driving the development of novel support techniques and their integration into multi-criteria decision-making processes. This review identifies the most prevalent approaches in the supply chain management literature (1998–2018), analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches, and discusses the most popular supplier selection attributes. The non-conventional, emerging methods in domain literature are also discussed, and future research directions are proposed. Supplier selection approaches are classified into individual, integrated, and non-conventional approaches. To overcome the limitations associated with these tools when used individually, most of the published works have used integrated techniques, among which integrated fuzzy and analytic hierarchy process methods are most popular. We conclude that while some of the methodologies are common, the more non-conventional approaches, such as market utility-based models, are rarely used in the supplier selection literature, leaving much opportunity to further develop these less-used approaches and, ultimately, aid decision-makers in supply chain management.
A method to solve two-player zero-sum matrix games in chaotic environment
Authors: Khalifa Hamiden Abd El- Wahed , Kumar Pavan
Published: February 2021

This research article proposes a method for solving the two-player zero-sum matrix games in chaotic environment. In a fast growing world, the real life situations are characterized by their chaotic behaviors and chaotic processes. The chaos variables are defined to study such type of problems. Classical mathematics deals with the numbers as static and less value-added, while the chaos mathematics deals with it as dynamic evolutionary, and comparatively more value-added. In this research article, the payoff is characterized by chaos numbers. While the chaos payoff matrix converted into the corresponding static payoff matrix. An approach for determining the chaotic optimal strategy is developed. In the last, one solved example is provided to explain the utility, effectiveness and applicability of the approach for the problem.Abbreviations: DM= Decision Maker; MCDM = Multiple Criteria Decision Making; LPP = Linear Programming Problem; GAMS= General Algebraic Modeling System.
The service-dominant logic in marketing: an essay with teachers and students of the master's in administration
Authors: Silva Maicon da
Published: February 2021

This study responds to a theoretical essay, where it sought to analyses the dominant logic of service in marketing and its contextualization, based on studies initiated by exponents such as Vargo and Lusch in 2004. In other words, this new logic interpreted that value is constructed from the perspective of value in individual or social use. Also, it was sought to bring findings of the evolution of the concept of marketing, because it has been the concern of researchers in the area over the past decades. Still, since 2004, theories have been developed about this orientation of the "new logic". In this period, the proposers of the Vargo and Lusch theory reviewed the Foundational Assumptions (FPs) of the "Service Dominant Logic" (SDL), where some years later was added an eleventh FP written in the article of (Vargo & Lusch, 2016) "the co-creation of value is coordinated through institutions managed by an actor and institutional arrangements". In this way, this essay approached private higher education through reports from teachers (teachers) and students (students) of the Master's Degree in Administration at a University located in the Pardo River Valley/RS, more precisely the classroom of that course, addressing the interactive relationships between the parties in the process of teaching learning and knowledge construction. Finally, studies based on the dominant logic of service in marketing and the co-creation of value, consists of resuming studies of the last decade in the marketing area, providing advances for integrative issues, where companies need to differentiate themselves in relation to their competitors, seeking to offer the best products and/or services.
Financial knowledge for corporate boards: what should board members know?
Authors: Pinto dos Santos José Miguel
Published: February 2021

Although there is a vast body of research on corporate governance and corporate boards, no one seems to have addressed yet the following question: What should corporate board members know of financial theory and practice to properly discharge their fiduciary responsibilities? The lack of reflection on this issue is somewhat surprising given the central role financial matters are supposed to play in board’s discussions and decision making. The objective of this study is to offer a first reflection on this question. Different views of what a corporation is and who “owns” it, whether it is only shareholders or also a broader set of other stakeholders, result in different requirements concerning the financial knowledge board members should have. One such view is agency theory which considers that the main role of management is to create value for shareholders. From this perspective it will follow that board members should understand primarily the dynamics of value creation, with the concomitant focus on long-term strategy formulation. Another view is stakeholder theory which stresses the importance of the survival of the corporation. In this case the board should be conversant primarily with short term financial management, specially cash or liquidity management. The counterintuitive result is that when the board gives priority to the interests of shareholders, in opposition to the interests of other stakeholders beyond what law and good commercial and management practice recommends, it should focus primarily on long time value creation, while the more inclusive stakeholder view requires more attention on short-term cash management.
The effect of corporate governance and financial leverage on efficiency of Pakistan textile sector
Authors: Chandani Seema , Ahmed Nawaz
Published: February 2021

This research observes the effect of corporate governance and financial leverage on the efficiency of listed companies in Pakistan. The variables return on assets and return on equity are chosen as the firm’s efficiency of the textile sector for this research. Measures of corporate governance used are board size, director’s remuneration, and Audit committee members, whereas financial leverage is used as a control variable. The data of corporate governance, financial leverage, and efficiency variable are composed of annual reports of the top ten listed textile companies from Karachi stock exchange. The research consists of the period from 2012 to 2017. Panel data is used to examine four hypotheses and to test the significance of corporate governance and financial leverage on a firm's performance the OLS regression models are applied. The finding of this study revealed that board size, audit committee, director's remuneration is positively correlated with a firm's performance ROA and ROE, and conversely, financial leverage is negatively correlated with a firm's performance. Overall regression result of this study discovered that the audit committee members and financial leverage are statistically insignificant, whereas board size and director’s remuneration are statistically positive significant. This concludes that there is no significant association between corporate governance and firm’s performance as well as financial leverage with the firm's performance. The sample size of this study was small and this research is limited to the textile sector of Pakistan. Future researchers may have included more determinants of corporate governance such as women on board, board meeting, family ownership structure, etc.
Ideové východiská pedagogického myslenia na Slovensku v 40. rokoch 20. storočia a ich vyústenie do socialistickej pedagogiky
Authors: Kudláčová Blanka
Published: February 2021

The paper is a historical-educational study that aims to survey changes in conceptual foundations of educational thought in the 1940s and their form at the beginning of Communism. It was a complicated period with several overlapping ideological levels: the ideas of the interwar democratic Czechoslovakia “retired”, the national socialist ideology of the Slovak state was established in the situation of the war, and the Marxist-Leninist ideology, which was fully implemented after the Communist coup in 1948, was being gradually shaped. The change of direction in the educational thought and in its foundations is demonstrated mainly through two leading figures of pedagogy of the given period: Juraj Čečetka (1907–1983), the first Slovak professor of pedagogy and Ondrej Pavlík (1916–1996), the creator of the socialist pedagogy and education. The first part of the paper focuses on a broader socio-political context that suggested changes in ideological orientation of educational thought in the 1940s, the second part of the paper discusses educational thought in the 1950s when only the socialist variant can be considered. The study is based on source literature of both mentioned representatives of the period and on existing research of their work (Krankus, Kudláčová, Faktorová, Valkovičová, Wiesenganger) and life (Mihálechová, Michalička, Londáková).
Lidství, věda a svět jako konstituenty Evropy a jejich proměna ve 20. století. Příklad marxistické pedagogiky
Authors: Rybák David
Published: February 2021

This article tries to highlight main characteristics of the metaphysical frame of Marxist pedagogy. At first, it is important to see that the concept of ideology alone (in the question regarding totalitarian ideologies) presupposes a very specific metaphysic, i.e. metaphysic of the representing subject and subject of representations-ideas. In such a metaphysic a specific decision about humanity of man as well as worldliness of the world is introduced in the form of re-presentation and objectifying. How the humanity of man is understood? Is there not, under the political rhetoric of ideologies (totalitarian and not- -totalitarian) a deeper common ground hidden, as our reference to the metaphysics of the subject was supposed to indicate? Insofar as upbringing in the European tradition has a sense of bringing man up to his own humanity, there is an implicit concept of human being in every concept of education. And insofar as man is not only an object in the world but also the “subject for the world” (Husserl), every such concept is arising from the correlation man-world. We would like to look more closely at the conditions of this correlation man-world in 20th century.
Strike a Pose
Authors: Singer Elyse
Published: February 2021

This article traces methods and conventions of performing women’s mental distress before the camera circa 1900. It features an analysis of gestural performances in French, US, Italian, and British films, with special attention given to two pre-1916 Gaumont films that include mad scenes. The topos of the white madwoman presents a valuable lens through which to investigate intermedial relations across performance forms and visual media as early cinema emerged, and gestures signifying madness have been particularly resilient even as approaches to film acting have evolved. Drawing on scholarship from Giorgio Agamben and Rae Beth Gordon, this article questions how techniques of performing female madness intersected with ideologies of race, class, and nationality.
Encoded Perception
Authors: Shaskevich Helena
Published: February 2021

Despite her status as an unpaid “resident visitor” for most of her nearly two-decade tenure there, Lillian Schwartz created some of the most important works of early computer art at Bell Labs. This essay unravels the conceptual frameworks of “vision” as they manifest in Schwartz’s early computer films made between 1970 and 1972, with a specific emphasis on vision as “information” and “data.” It argues that these specific films in Schwartz’s oeuvre explored a newly emerging model of vision based on the rendering practices of computers and scientific instruments, while navigating the fraught question of the role of the embodied viewer. Resisting this rationalized order of vision, which would ultimately result in the emergence of information as both a commodity and an asset class, Schwartz’s films instead explore the contingencies of rendering information with the newly developing medium of the computer.
Preserving Pixelvision
Authors: Fox Claire , Martin Nicole
Published: February 2021

From 1989 to 1998, the artist Sadie Benning created nine video artworks using a Fisher-Price PXL-2000 camera, which records to audiocassette. The resulting video format is known as Pixelvision. This essay, written by video archivists, reviews the history of these works through the lens of audiovisual media preservation, and emerges from research and a series of interviews with the artist and other stakeholders. It aims to create a foundation for a collection assessment of Benning’s early video works, and explores the feasibility of preserving them. With this in mind, the essay traces the creative and technical processes involved in the production, exhibition, conservation, and distribution of such precarious media works, and discusses the innovative, ephemeral, and ultimately vulnerable media created by the PXL-2000 camcorder. This is a study of the fleeting nature of media technology, personal and social histories, and the meaning contained in audiovisual works of art.
(Re)imagined Possibilities
Authors: Macaulay Berette S , Krishnamoorthy Savita
Published: February 2021

This essay and accompanying conversation examine the works of filmmaker and scholar Zeinabu irene Davis, whose work centers Black women, engaging their histories and contemporary stories, and thus representing their agency and complex personhood. Davis acknowledges Third Cinema and African/Afro diasporic influences in shaping her style of storytelling and in evolving her fierce Black aesthetic that disrupts the normativity of the dominant white gaze in mainstream media. These choices signify Davis’s ethos and priorities as a filmmaker, a documentarian, a womanist, and a community organizer who humanizes and celebrates her characters on-screen.
Cross Mountain and Apparition Hill
Authors: Margry Peter Jan
Published: February 2021

This article examines and interprets the phenomenon of Medjugorje as a new religious phenomenon. The name of this Bosnian-Herzegovinian village not only refers to a long series of Marian apparitions, but it is also used as a metaphor for the religious and political developments that occur in relation to those visions. The argument is that in the context of interaction with nationalist agendas and church politics, Medjugorje must be seen as a contested apparitional site that has reinvented itself into a highly successful grassroots religious movement. Medjugorje devotees and the faithful, inspired by tradition, are creating an idiosyncratic devotional expression of Catholicism, in which the individual endures the hardships of pilgrimage for a personalized experience of charismatic gifts and the miraculous. The article contends that this distinguishes this devotional movement from mainstream Catholic pilgrimage culture.
Appropriating Archetypes
Authors: Thomases Drew
Published: February 2021

Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Southern California, this paper explores how non-Indians use and appropriate statues of Hindu deities. In particular, I focus on a particular group of spiritual seekers who see these statues, or murtis, not as manifestations of the divine—that is, not as Hindu gods themselves—but instead as symbols that correspond to Jungian “archetypes.” This spiritual practice of “working with” an archetype is quite different from what one might encounter in a Hindu temple in India, and indeed, the underlying theologies of the practice map better onto American metaphysical religion than they do Hinduism. The article ends with a reflection on appropriation, focusing on the ways in which this spiritual practice promotes a form of universalism in which the very idea of appropriation becomes impossible.
Severe hypocalcaemia in a COVID-19 female patient
Authors: Puca Edmond , Puca Entela , Pipero Pellumb , Kraja Holta , Como Najada
Published: February 2021

Comorbidities are a risk factor for patients with COVID-19 and the mechanisms of disease remain unclear. The aim of this paper is to present a case report of an COVID-19 patient with severe hypocalcaemia. This is a report of an 81-year-old female, suffered from myalgia and fatigue for more than 3–4 weeks. Fever and cough appear 2 days before she presented to the emergency room. On physical examination, she was febrile with a temperature of 38.8°C, accompanied by cough, sore throat, headache, fatigue, and muscle ache. Her past medical history was remarkable with no chronic disease. She had lymphopenia. Laboratory test revealed moderate liver dysfunction, hypoalbuminemia, and severe hypocalcaemia (serum corrected calcium level: 5.7  mg/dL). Parathyroid hormone (PTH) was 107.9 pg/mL (range: 15–65) and 25(OH)2D levels was 4.5 ng/mL (range: 25–80). Chest CT scan detected peripheral ground-glass opacity. Throat swab for coronavirus by RT-PCR assay tested positive for the virus. She was treated with lopinavir/ritonavir, third generation cephalosporin, anticoagulant, daily high-dose calcium acetate, vitamin D3, fresh frozen plasma and oxygen therapy. She was discharged after two negative throat swab tests for coronavirus by conventional RT-PCR.

Learning points:

Comorbidities are a risk factor for patients with COVID-19.

Laboratory findings are unspecific in COVID-19 patients; laboratory abnormalities include lymphopenia, elevated of LDH, CPK and the inflammatory markers, such as C reactive protein, ferritinemia and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

In addition to inflammatory markers, in COVID-19 patients it is crucial to check the level of vitamin D and calcium.

There may be a correlation between vitamin D deficiency and the severity of COVID-19 disease.