bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abrechnung unterdosierter Arzneimittel
Authors: Napp-Saarbourg Prisca
Published: June 2024

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Zulässigkeit der Abrechnung unterdosierter Arzneimittel durch einen Vertragsarzt gegenüber der für den Arzt jeweils zuständigen Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung auf Grundlage des EBM-Ä sowie durch einen privat liquidierenden Arzt nach der GOÄ. Konkret wird untersucht, ob der Arzt nach Durchführung der Radiosynoviorthese für das hierbei unmittelbar dem Patienten verabreichte Radionuklid stets die gleiche Pauschale abrechnen kann, auch wenn er bei dem Patienten eine Dosierung zum Einsatz gebracht hat, welche unterhalb der zugelassenen Dosierungsspanne liegt. Im Schwerpunkt geht es um eine mögliche Betrugsstrafbarkeit nach § 263 StGB. Weitere Risiken berufs- und disziplinarrechtlicher Verfahren werden aufgezeigt.
Von der Assistentin zur Technologin – Delegation von Leistungen unter Berücksichtigung des MT-Berufe-Gesetzes
Authors: Schüttler Christian
Published: June 2024

Die Delegation ärztlicher Leistungen an nichtärztliches Personal ist mit einigen Fallstricken verbunden, die sich aber letztlich als beherrschbar erweisen. Entscheidend ist, dass Ärzte ihre Auswahl-, Anleitungs- und Überwachungspflichten erfüllen und prüfen, welche Tätigkeiten überhaupt – und wenn ja, in welchem Ausmaß – delegiert werden können. Erfreulich ist, dass der Gesetzgeber durch das MTBG die Mitwirkung an Vorbehaltstätigkeiten des § 5 MTBG nicht eingeschränkt hat. Das eigentliche Problem des Mangels an Fachkräften wird gleichwohl durch gesetzgeberische Aktivitäten allein nicht gelöst werden können.
Influences of a Remote Monitoring Program of Home Nasogastric Tube Feeds on Transition from NICU to Home
Authors: Quinn Megan , Banta-Wright Sandra , Warren Jamie B.
Published: June 2024

Objective The transition from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to the home is complex and multifaceted for families and infants, particularly those with ongoing medical needs. Our hospital utilizes a remote monitoring program called Growing @ Home (G@H) to support discharge from the NICU with continued nasogastric tube (NGT) feeds. We aim to describe the experience of the transition from NICU to home for families enrolled in G@H.

Study Design Using a semistructured interviewing technique, parents of infants discharged on G@H were interviewed at NICU discharge, at 1 month, and at 6 months after NICU discharge. Interviews were recorded and transcribed into data analysis software. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Codes were assigned to describe key elements of the interviews and used to identify major themes.

Results Parents (n = 17) identified three major themes when discussing the effect of G@H on the transition to home. The program provided a means of escape from the NICU, allowing families to stop living split lives between their homes and the NICU. It acted as a middle ground between the restrictive yet supportive NICU environment, and the normal yet isolated home environment. G@H served as a safety net for families, providing a continued connection to the NICU for their still-fragile infants.

Conclusion G@H utilizes telehealth to positively support the complex transition from NICU to home for families and infants discharged with NGT feeds.

Key Points
Role of Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Retained Products of Conception
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Waraich Harleen K. , Sood Mehar K.
Published: June 2024

“Retained products of conception” (RPOC) account for a significant number of radiology clinical visits in the postnatal or postabortive period. Any delay in receiving the necessary treatment can lead to further complications and may even prove lethal. On the other hand, overtreatment where none is required may also lead to complications and can affect future conceptions. Therefore, a timely and accurate detection of RPOC is essential in saving the life and preventing future complications. Ultrasonography helps in diagnosing and quantifying the RPOC and is, therefore, important when choosing the course of management for the patient. Various findings in pathologically confirmed cases of RPOC have been described in the literature. However, a significant overlap with the normal postnatal findings is seen. This article aims to describe the various features of RPOC on ultrasound, which may increase the diagnostic confidence of the radiologists in cases of RPOC. The RPOC mimics and features that may help differentiate them have also been briefly discussed.
Impact of Different Valve-in-Valve Positions on Functional Results of the New Generation of Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Heart Valve
Authors: Sadat Najla , Scharfschwerdt Michael , Reichert Stefan , Fujita Buntaro , Ensminger Stephan
Published: June 2024

Objectives Very precise positioning of the transcatheter heart valve (THV) inside the degenerated SAV is a crucial factor for valve-in-valve (ViV) procedure to achieve optimal hemodynamic results. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the impact of implantation depth on functional results after ViV procedures in a standardized in vitro setting.

Methods THV (SAPIEN 3 Ultra 23-mm size) and three SAV models (Magna Ease, Trifecta, and Hancock II—all 21-mm size) were tested at different circulatory conditions in five different positions of the THV (2–6 mm) inside the SAV. Mean pressure gradient (MPG), effective orifice area (EOA), geometric orifice area (GOAmax), and pinwheeling index (PWImean) were analyzed.

Results EOA and MPG of the THV did not differ significantly regarding the position inside the Magna Ease and the Hancock II (p > 0.05). However, EOA differed significantly, depending on the position of the THV inside Trifecta (2 vs. 5 mm; p = 0.021 and 2 vs. 6 mm; p < 0.001). The THV presented the highest EOA (2.047 cm2) and the lowest MPG (5.387 mm Hg) inside the Magna Ease, whereas the lowest EOA (1.335 cm2) and the highest MPG (11.876 mm Hg) were shown inside the Hancock II. Additionally, the highest GOAmax and the lowest PWImean of the THV were noticed inside the Magna Ease. The THV showed lower GOAmax and higher PWImean inside the Trifecta when placed in a deeper position.

Conclusion Deep implantation of the SAPIEN 3 Ultra inside the Trifecta correlates with impaired functional results. In contrast, the implantation position of the SAPIEN 3 Ultra inside the Magna Ease and the Hancock II did not have a significant effect on functional results.
Experimental Cranial Nerve Models in the Rat
Authors: Karagoz Huseyin , Zhang Feng , Chaker Sara C. , Lineaweaver William C.
Published: June 2024

Background The intricacies of nerve regeneration following injury have prompted increased research efforts in recent years, with a primary focus on elucidating regeneration mechanisms and exploring various surgical techniques. While many experimental animals have been used for these investigations, the rat continues to remain the most widely used model due to its cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience against diseases and surgical/anesthetic complications. A comprehensive evaluation of all the experimental rat models available in this context is currently lacking.

Methods We summarize rat models of cranial nerves while furnishing descriptions of the intricacies of achieving optimal exposure.

Results This review article provides an examination of the technical exposure, potential applications, and the advantages and disadvantages inherent to each cranial nerve model.

Conclusion Specifically in the context of cranial nerve injury, numerous studies have utilized different surgical techniques to expose and investigate the cranial nerves in the rat.
An Institutional Analysis of Early Postoperative Free Tissue Transfer Takeback Procedures
Authors: Hernandez Alvarez Angelica , Lee Daniela , Kim Erin J. , Schuster Kirsten , Taritsa Iulianna , Foppiani Jose , Valentine Lauren , Weidman Allan A. , Comer Carly , Lee Bernard T. , Lin Samuel J.
Published: June 2024

Background Postoperative free tissue transfer reexploration procedures are relatively infrequent but associated with increased overall failure rates. This study examines the differences between flaps requiring takeback versus no takeback, as well as trends in reexploration techniques that may increase the odds of successful salvage.

Methods A retrospective review was conducted on all free tissue transfers performed at our institution from 2011 to 2022. Patients who underwent flap reexploration within 30 days of the original procedure were compared with a randomly selected control group who underwent free flap procedures without reexploration (1:2 cases to controls). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results From 1,213 free tissue transfers performed in the study period, 187 patients were included in the analysis. Of the total flaps performed, 62 (0.05%) required takeback, and 125 were randomly selected as a control group. Free flap indication, flap type, reconstruction location, and number of venous anastomoses differed significantly between the two groups. Among the reexplored flaps, 8 (4.3% of the total) had a subsequent failure while 54 (87.10%) were salvaged, with significant differences in cause of initial flap failure, affected vessel type, and salvage technique.

Conclusion Free tissue transfers least prone to reexploration involved breast reconstruction in patients without predisposition to hypercoagulability or reconstruction history. When takeback operations were required, salvage was more likely in those without microvascular compromise or with an isolated venous injury who required a single exploratory operation.
The Ugly: Metastatic Colon Cancer—Surgical Options
Authors: Dossa Fahima , Weiser Martin R.
Published: June 2024

Over 50% of patients with colorectal cancer develop metastatic disease. Although systemic therapy remains the backbone of palliative treatment, select patients may be candidates for surgical resection with curative intent. Given increasing evidence of the association between metastasectomy and prolonged survival, surgery has acquired an increasingly central role in the management of liver, lung, and peritoneal metastases. This is compounded by accumulating advances in local and systemic treatments that have allowed for expansion of the resectability pool, bringing the potential for curative surgical treatment to increasing numbers of patients with stage IV disease. However, as the boundaries of resectability are pushed, patient selection and consideration of tumor-related and technical factors are imperative to the identification of patients for whom surgery would be of the greatest benefit.
Measurement of health human capital and its economic effect in China
Authors: Liu Yahong , Huo Shixin
Published: June 2024

Improving individual health not only enhances labor productivity but also boosts the productivity of society as a whole. China’s economic development is in urgent need of transitioning from being driven by factors to being driven by innovation, which places higher demands on Health Human Capital (HHC). An evaluation system consisting of 18 indicators across four dimensions—basic health, preventive healthcare, medical resources, quality, and healthy environment—was used to calculate the HHC index of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2005 to 2019 using the entropy method. Following that, this study assessed the influence of HHC on economic growth using endogenous growth theory and the Corgis production function. Firstly, we discovered that the level of home healthcare services in China is on a steady incline, with eastern China showing better results compared to western and northeastern regions. Secondly, enhancing HHC will lead to a rise in the local real per capita GDP and foster economic growth, although there may be regional disparities. Thirdly, provinces with a higher level of economic development exhibit a more significant promoting effect, with southern China showing a greater impact than northern China. China should continue to prioritize both efficiency and equity in the allocation of medical and health resources, while also working to reduce the disparities in HHC development among different regions.
The implication of the illness metaphors of In America: Mitigating negative effects of metaphors through illness narratives in the postpandemic era of COVID-19
Authors: Dai Rumeng , Peng Shuixiang
Published: June 2024

Susan Sontag’s cancer experience made her realize the harm that the inappropriate use of illness metaphors might do to patients. After recovering from breast cancer, she wrote in Illness as Metaphor that illness has been romanticized and stigmatized. She also elaborated on some illness metaphors, such as the military metaphors for illness, which are still the subject of debate. Her novel In America could be regarded as an elaboration on the consequences of such metaphors. The phenomena she depicts in her novel are now visible twenty years later in the real world. Through analysing the personal experiences of the protagonists Maryna and Ryszard of In America, three levels of trauma caused by the illness metaphors used in negative ways are elucidated in this paper: the personal level, the social level, and the national level. Patients and their relations, health care workers, and even countries, such as China, have been hurt by these metaphors. Therefore, to avoid causing harm to more people, it is necessary to alleviate the negative effects of the inappropriate use of illness metaphors, especially in the postpandemic era of COVID-19. The illness narrative is a good way to mitigate the traumas caused by the inappropriate use of illness metaphors. This article attempts to explore the metaphorization of illness, the traumas caused by the inappropriate use of illness metaphors, and the occurrence of similar phenomena during and after COVID-19. The plot of In America is also explored as an illness narrative, and the illness narrative genre is examined as a way to mitigate the negative effects of the inappropriate use of illness metaphors.
Home‑rearing environment and preschoolers’ academic and behavioral competence: The indirect role of children’s screen time
Authors: Xie Hongbin , Wang Shuang , Liu Cong , Ouyang Hongliu
Published: June 2024

The home-rearing environment (HRE) is significantly related to preschoolers’ academic and behavioral development. Children’s screen time has become an increasingly important aspect of the family environment in today’s digital age. However, few studies explored screen time’s indirect role in the relationships between HRE and children’s development. This study was conducted in three provinces of China, and 825 child-parent dyads participated. The results indicated that a high-quality HRE is directly associated with better language and cognitive skills, self-regulation, self-efficacy, and fewer problem behaviors in children. Screen time has an indirect role in this relationship, suggesting that a better HRE associated with lower screen time improves children’s outcomes. However, the HRE did not show a significant indirect role through screen time related to children’s problem behavior, indicating other factors may play a role. The study highlights the importance of fostering enriching home environments and managing screen time to support children’s development.
Characterizing turbulence structures in convective and neutral atmospheric boundary layers via Koopman mode decomposition and unsupervised clustering
Authors: Rezaie Milad , Momen Mostafa
Published: June 2024

The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is a highly turbulent geophysical flow, which has chaotic and often too complex dynamics to unravel from limited data. Characterizing coherent turbulence structures in complex ABL flows under various atmospheric regimes is not systematically well established yet. This study aims to bridge this gap using large eddy simulations (LESs), Koopman theory, and unsupervised classification techniques. To this end, eight LESs of different convective, neutral, and unsteady ABLs are conducted. As the ratio of buoyancy to shear production increases, the turbulence structures change from roll vortices to convective cells. The quadrant analysis indicated that as this ratio increases, the sweep and ejection events decrease, and inward/outward interactions increase. The Koopman mode decomposition (KMD) is then used to characterize their turbulence structures. Our results showed that KMD can reveal non-trivial modes of highly turbulent ABL flows (e.g., transverse to the mean flow direction) and can reconstruct the primary dynamics of ABLs even under unsteady conditions with only ∼5% of the modes. We attributed the detected modes to the imposed pressure gradient (shear), Coriolis (inertial oscillations), and buoyancy (convection) forces by conducting novel timescale and quadrant analyses. We then applied the convolutional neural network combined with the K-means clustering to group the Koopman modes. This approach is displacement and rotation invariant, which allows efficiently reducing the number of modes that describe the overall ABL dynamics. Our results provide new insights into the dynamics of ABLs and present a systematic data-driven method to characterize their complex spatiotemporal patterns.
Nanoscale thermal imaging of hot electrons by cryogenic terahertz scanning noise microscopy
Authors: Weng Qianchun , Deng Weijie , Komiyama Susumu , Sasaki Toru , Imada Hiroshi , Lu Wei , Hosako Iwao , Kim Yousoo
Published: June 2024

Nanoscale thermal imaging and temperature detection are of fundamental importance in diverse scientific and technological realms. Most nanoscale thermometry techniques focus on probing the temperature of lattice or phonons and are insensitive to nonequilibrium electrons, commonly referred to as “hot electrons.” While terahertz scanning noise microscopy (SNoiM) has been demonstrated to be powerful in the thermal imaging of hot electrons, prior studies have been limited to room temperature. In this work, we report the development of a cryogenic SNoiM (Cryo-SNoiM) tailored for quantitative hot electron temperature detection at low temperatures. The microscope features a special two-chamber design where the sensitive terahertz detector, housed in a vacuum chamber, is efficiently cooled to ∼5 K using a pulse tube cryocooler. In a separate chamber, the atomic force microscope and the sample can be maintained at room temperature under ambient/vacuum conditions or cooled to ∼110 K via liquid nitrogen. This unique dual-chamber cooling system design enhances the efficacy of SNoiM measurements at low temperatures. It not only facilitates the pre-selection of tips at room temperature before cooling but also enables the quantitative derivation of local electron temperature without reliance on any adjustable parameters. The performance of Cryo-SNoiM is demonstrated through imaging the distribution of hot electrons in a cold, self-heated narrow metal wire. This instrumental innovation holds great promise for applications in imaging low-temperature hot electron dynamics and nonequilibrium transport phenomena across various material systems.
A novel vortex control method for improving anti-overturning performance of a high-speed train with leeward airbag structures under crosswinds
Authors: Zhang Jie , Xu Ao , Huang Fengyi , Bai Ye , Liu Tanghong
Published: June 2024

The high-speed train's head and cross sections have been designed in an innovative way to meet the requirements of aerodynamic drag reduction and crosswind stability of the train. However, with the continuous increase in the running speed of high-speed trains and the continuous reduction of the total weight of the car body, it is critical to develop new strategies to ensure train safety in crosswind environment. In the current study, a novel vortex control method with airbag structure installation on the leeward side (LWS) of the train was proposed to disturb the leeward large vortices, with expectation to weaken the vortices adjacent the train body and increase the surface pressure on the leeward side. The leeward airbag structures (LASs) contribute to reducing the pressure difference between the windward and leeward sides of the train body. As a result, a reduction of the lateral force and overturning moment coefficients is obtained. An amazing observation is that an extra lift force is achieved by LASs, which leads to an anti-overturning moment, further improving the anti-overturning performance of the high-speed train. Compared with the original model, the LASs can decrease the lateral force coefficients by 7.1%, while the lift coefficient is increased by 12.8%, which together reduces the overturning moment coefficient by 13.1%. It indicates that the main influence factor for crosswind stability of the train tends to be changed after the installation of LASs. The aerodynamic performance of the tail car is more sensitive to the LASs as compared to that of the head and middle cars, i.e., the reduction of the overturning moment coefficient is about 44.6% for the tail car, whereas it is only 7.8% and 12.5% for the head and middle cars, respectively. Thus, the LASs proposed in the current work can significantly improve the anti-overturning performance of high-speed trains, which will provide a novel anti-overturning approach for higher-speed trains.
Accurate determination of impact ionization coefficient ratio and temperature dependence of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes
Authors: Ma Xu , Bai Rong , Zhang Jinchao , Liu Chen , Shi Yanli
Published: June 2024

We propose a broadband noise test method (10 Hz–1 MHz) using a direct power method to measure the excess noise of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes (APDs) with a separate absorption, grading, charge, and multiplication structure. By this means, the impact ionization coefficient ratio (the k value) can be accurately determined. Compared with previous studies, this method can distinguish between low-frequency noise and excess noise, so for an appropriate high frequency spectral range, the excess noise can be analyzed without mixing in other noise information. Three different APDs fabricated in-house with different diameters (12, 25, and 60 µm) were investigated using the above-mentioned method under temperatures varying from −10 to −40 °C. Our findings showed that the k value of the APDs decreased as the temperature decreased. When the temperature decreased to −40 °C, the k value of the 12, 25, and 60 µm diameter diodes was as low as 0.1, 0.3, and 0.2, respectively. The measurement results are consistent with our device design and not only provide useful information for the future selection of device materials and structures but also demonstrate the feasibility of the broadband noise measurement method in the accurate determination of the k value. It indicates that low excess noise can be achieved by utilizing the temperature dependence of k.
Functional effects of mutations in proteins can be predicted and interpreted by guided selection of sequence covariation information
Authors: Cocco Simona , Posani Lorenzo , Monasson Rémi
Published: June 2024

Predicting the effects of one or more mutations to the in vivo or in vitro properties of a wild-type protein is a major computational challenge, due to the presence of epistasis, that is, of interactions between amino acids in the sequence. We introduce a computationally efficient procedure to build minimal epistatic models to predict mutational effects by combining evolutionary (homologous sequence) and few mutational-scan data. Mutagenesis measurements guide the selection of links in a sparse graphical model, while the parameters on the nodes and the edges are inferred from sequence data. We show, on 10 mutational scans, that our pipeline exhibits performances comparable to state-of-the-art deep networks trained on many more data, while requiring much less parameters and being hence more interpretable. In particular, the identified interactions adapt to the wild-type protein and to the fitness or biochemical property experimentally measured, mostly focus on key functional sites, and are not necessarily related to structural contacts. Therefore, our method is able to extract information relevant for one mutational experiment from homologous sequence data reflecting the multitude of structural and functional constraints acting on proteins throughout evolution.
Gephyrin promotes autonomous assembly and synaptic localization of GABAergic postsynaptic components without presynaptic GABA release
Authors: Carricaburu Etta , Benner Orion , Burlingham Scott R. , Dos Santos Passos Carolina , Hobaugh Natalia , Karr Charles H. , Chanda Soham
Published: June 2024

Synapses containing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) constitute the primary centers for inhibitory neurotransmission in our nervous system. It is unclear how these synaptic structures form and align their postsynaptic machineries with presynaptic terminals. Here, we monitored the cellular distribution of several GABAergic postsynaptic proteins in a purely glutamatergic neuronal culture derived from human stem cells, which virtually lacks any vesicular GABA release. We found that several GABA
A
receptor (GABA
A
R) subunits, postsynaptic scaffolds, and major cell-adhesion molecules can reliably coaggregate and colocalize at even GABA-deficient subsynaptic domains, but remain physically segregated from glutamatergic counterparts. Genetic deletions of both Gephyrin and a Gephyrin-associated guanosine di- or triphosphate (GDP/GTP) exchange factor Collybistin severely disrupted the coassembly of these postsynaptic compositions and their proper apposition with presynaptic inputs. Gephyrin–GABA
A
R clusters, developed in the absence of GABA transmission, could be subsequently activated and even potentiated by delayed supply of vesicular GABA. Thus, molecular organization of GABAergic postsynapses can initiate via a GABA-independent but Gephyrin-dependent intrinsic mechanism.
Modeling 0.6 million genes for the rational design of functional
cis
-regulatory variants and de novo design of
cis-
regulatory sequences
Authors: Li Tianyi , Xu Hui , Teng Shouzhen , Suo Mingrui , Bahitwa Revocatus , Xu Mingchi , Qian Yiheng , Ramstein Guillaume P. , Song Baoxing , Buckler Edward S. , Wang Hai
Published: June 2024

Rational design of plant
cis
-regulatory DNA sequences without expert intervention or prior domain knowledge is still a daunting task. Here, we developed PhytoExpr, a deep learning framework capable of predicting both mRNA abundance and plant species using the proximal regulatory sequence as the sole input. PhytoExpr was trained over 17 species representative of major clades of the plant kingdom to enhance its generalizability. Via input perturbation, quantitative functional annotation of the input sequence was achieved at single-nucleotide resolution, revealing an abundance of predicted high-impact nucleotides in conserved noncoding sequences and transcription factor binding sites. Evaluation of maize HapMap3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by PhytoExpr demonstrates an enrichment of predicted high-impact SNPs in
cis
-eQTL. Additionally, we provided two algorithms that harnessed the power of PhytoExpr in designing functional
cis
-regulatory variants, and de novo creation of species-specific
cis
-regulatory sequences through in silico evolution of random DNA sequences. Our model represents a general and robust approach for functional variant discovery in population genetics and rational design of regulatory sequences for genome editing and synthetic biology.
CaMKII autophosphorylation is the only enzymatic event required for synaptic memory
Authors: Chen Xiumin , Cai Qixu , Zhou Jing , Pleasure Samuel J. , Schulman Howard , Zhang Mingjie , Nicoll Roger A.
Published: June 2024

Ca
2+
/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) plays a critical role in long-term potentiation (LTP), a well-established model for learning and memory through the enhancement of synaptic transmission. Biochemical studies indicate that CaMKII catalyzes a phosphotransferase (kinase) reaction of both itself (autophosphorylation) and of multiple downstream target proteins. However, whether either type of phosphorylation plays any role in the synaptic enhancing action of CaMKII remains hotly contested. We have designed a series of experiments to define the minimal requirements for the synaptic enhancement by CaMKII. We find that autophosphorylation of T286 and further binding of CaMKII to the GluN2B subunit are required both for initiating LTP and for its maintenance (synaptic memory). Once bound to the NMDA receptor, the synaptic action of CaMKII occurs in the absence of target protein phosphorylation. Thus, autophosphorylation and binding to the GluN2B subunit are the only two requirements for CaMKII in synaptic memory.
A MOZ-TIF2 leukemia mouse model displays KAT6-dependent H3K23 propionylation and overexpression of a set of active developmental genes
Authors: Smolko Anne E. , Sullivan Daniel W. , Olsen Sarah Naomi , Kang Hyuckjoon , Whedon Samuel D. , Baell Jonathan B. , Cole Philip A. , Armstrong Scott A. , Kuroda Mitzi I.
Published: June 2024

Aberrant regulation of chromatin modifiers is a common occurrence across many cancer types, and a key priority is to determine how specific alterations of these proteins, often enzymes, can be targeted therapeutically. MOZ, a histone acyltransferase, is recurrently fused to coactivators CBP, p300, and TIF2 in cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using either pharmacological inhibition or targeted protein degradation in a mouse model for MOZ-TIF2-driven leukemia, we show that KAT6 (MOZ/MORF) enzymatic activity and the MOZ-TIF2 protein are necessary for indefinite proliferation in cell culture. MOZ-TIF2 directly regulates a small subset of genes encoding developmental transcription factors, augmenting their high expression. Furthermore, transcription levels in MOZ-TIF2 cells positively correlate with enrichment of histone H3 propionylation at lysine 23 (H3K23pr), a recently appreciated histone acylation associated with gene activation. Unexpectedly, we also show that MOZ-TIF2 and MLL-AF9 regulate transcription of unique gene sets, and their cellular models exhibit distinct sensitivities to multiple small-molecule inhibitors directed against AML pathways. This is despite the shared genetic pathways of wild-type MOZ and MLL. Overall, our data provide insight into how aberrant regulation of MOZ contributes to leukemogenesis. We anticipate that these experiments will inform future work identifying targeted therapies in the treatment of AML and other diseases involving MOZ-induced transcriptional dysregulation.
Dynamics of a two-patch logistic model with diffusion and time delay
Authors: Sawada Yukihiro , Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Dong Yueping
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we proposed a two-patch logistic model connected by diffusion, where one patch includes the Gamma type distribution time delay while the other patch does not include the time delay. In general, Routh–Hurwitz criterion is applied to the derivation for the conditions of Hopf bifurcation, but the more the order of the time delay increases the more the difficulty rises. Hence we adopt the polar form method for the characteristic equation to study the stability of coexistence equilibrium. Our findings show that the diffusion prevents the instabilization of the coexistence equilibrium. Besides, we found that the coexistence equilibrium is stable when time delay is small, and becomes unstable as the delay increases. But it can be restabilized for further increasing of time delay and continues to be stable afterwards. In other words, the diffusion and the time delay are beneficial to the stability of the coexistence equilibrium.
Use of biochar and NPK fertilizer in soybean cultivation in Alfisol to improve soil physical properties and plant growth
Authors: Cahyono O , Maro’ah S , Minardi S , Cahyani V R , Sudadi  , Ismiliyawati I
Published: June 2024

The decrease in soil properties due to using artificial fertilizers requires finding a solution, one of which is using biochar. This research aims to assess the effect of the application of rice husk biochar and NPK compound fertilizer on the physical properties of Alfisols and soybean growth. The study was conducted from March to June 2023 on Alfisol of Kwangsan Village, Jumapolo, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 10 treatments and 3 replications. The study showed that combining rice husk biochar and NPK compound fertilizer improved soil physical properties: soil C-Organic levels, field capacity, soil porosity, and soil water retention levels, and reduced soil bulk weight. The treatments also increased soybean growth: plant height, number of leaves and branches. Application of 25% NPK compound fertilizer (75kg ha-1) and 100% rice husk biochar (10 tons ha-1) is suggested to progress soil physical properties and soybean plant development in Alfisols.
Optimalisation of in vitro sterilisation methods for North Sumatra local garlic (Allium Sativum L.)
Authors: Rodiansah A , Sinuraya M , Hanafiah D S , Butar-Butar S S , Pohan A F
Published: June 2024

The establishment stage is critical to the success of plant tissue culture. Each plant tissue has unique tissue surface characteristics that interact with various natural microbes. The goal of this study was to find a sterilisation method that is effective at removing contamination while not damaging or inhibiting explant regeneration. In this study, Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with 2 factors was used. The first factor was the disinfectant, namely T1 (Benzalkonium chloride 0.5%), T2 (Nordox 6 g/L 0.6%), and T3 (Clorox 10%). The second factor is the type of media, consisting of M1 (BDS supplemented with 1.8 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin), M2 (BDS supplemented with 9 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin), M3 (MS supplemented with 9 μM/L 2,4-D and 4.6 μM/L Kinetin), and M4 (MS media supplemented with 1.3 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin. The observed parameters were the percentage of contamination, the survival rate, the type of contamination, the percentage of callus growing, weight and diameter. The T2 treatment was the most effective in reducing contamination and had the highest survival rate. T3 treatment resulted in the highest callus regeneration percentage, callus weight, and callus diameter, but also the highest level of contamination.
Isolation and characterization of chitosan from black soldier fly exuviae
Authors: Mirwandhono E , Yunilas  , Ginting N , Siregar G A W , Nasution M I A , Wahyuni S , Siswanto
Published: June 2024

Black Soldier Fly (BSF) cultivation leaves waste in the form of exuviae which is a new source of chitin and chitosan biopolymers, which can be used for various applications. This study aims to isolate and characterize chitosan from BSF exuviae. Chitosan isolation includes demineralization, deproteination, depigmentation, and deacetylation stages. The results showed that the chitosan in this study was in powder form, odorless, brownish white in color, soluble in 2% acetic acid, 12.46% yield, 88% degree of deacetylation, and the presence of an absorption band in the wave number region of 3443 cm-1 indicating the presence of hydroxyl groups and absorption in the wave number region of 1637 cm-1 which indicates the presence of amide groups based on the FTIR spectrum. The quality of the chitosan produced meets the quality standards of chitosan according to SNI No.7949-2013.
Performance of the growth and yields of some local varieties of garlic (Allium sativum l.) in medium lands
Authors: Latifah E , Mariyono J , Anggraeni L , Aisyawati L , Fauziah L , Arifin Z , Sugiono  , Krismawati A , Handayati W , Sihombing D , Setiasih  , Baswarsiati
Published: June 2024

Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2021. garlic production is only around 45.09 thousand tons. The purpose of the study was to determine the morphological and physiological characters of plants of six varieties of garlic in the medium area. This study was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023. The experiment used a simple randomized group design (RAK) with varieties as treatment consisting of six varieties. including: Lumbu putih. Lumbu Kuning. Sangga Sembalun. Lumbu hijau and Tawangmangu baru. The observed data were analyzed statistically using variety analysis with DSAASTAT EXCEL SOFTWARE VERSION 1.101. If the variance analysis shows a real difference. then proceed with Duncan’s multiple distance test at a real level of 5%. The data were analyzed using fingerprint analysis and if there were differences between treatments. a BNT 5% follow-up test was carried out. Observations were made on plant height. number of leaves. plant diameter. plant wet weight. plant dry weight. root weight. root length. root width. chlorophyll content a. chlorophyll content b. stomata and weight of plant tubers. The results showed that Lumbu hijau has better growth. low moisture content than other varieties and shows the highest tuber yield
The effect of introducing heat stress on the eating and drinking behavior of laying quail
Authors: Widaya P , Ratriyanto A , Widyas N
Published: June 2024

The high environmental temperature affects the quail’s physiology and performance and can be indicated by their behavior. This study aimed to see how introducing heat stress in different floor spaces affects laying quail’s behavior. The study was designed as completely randomized, consisting of two floor spaces, 225 and 164 cm2/bird represented by 16 and 22 birds per cage. There were six replications per treatment, resulting in 228 used in this study. Ethogram was used to analyze behavioral patterns. Eating and drinking behavior of quail were recorded by CCTV for 24 hours and repeated thrice. The record was analyzed by sampling the first minute every hour. The data is shown as a graph of eating and drinking behavior for 24 hours. The result revealed that the drinking behavior of the low floor space (164 cm2/bird) from 00:00 - 23:00 was higher than the high floor space (225 cm2/bird). The eating behavior of quails from 00:00 - 23:00 was not different in the two conditions. Based on this study, heat stress from lowering floor space per bird in cage cause increasing drinking behavior.
Disease Incidence Comparison of Bacterial Pustule on Soybeans in Mahogany and Pine Agroforestry Systems
Authors: Haqiki Z T , Supyani  , Hadiwiyono  , Poromarto S H
Published: June 2024

Soybeans are an essential commodity for Indonesian people, who still rely on imports to meet national needs. Agroforestry is one of the solutions to increase soybean production. Agroforestry systems have different conditions from agricultural land in general. Trees such as pine and mahogany can influence the presence of other organisms that can potentially interfere with crop growth. Bacterial pustule is an important disease of soybeans caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis. The research aimed to observe disease incidence in soybeans in pine and mahogany agroforestry systems. This research was conducted at KHDTK Forestry-Alas Bromo in Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia. The study used a completely randomized block design with six varieties of soybeans planted in an agroforestry system with mahogany and pine fields. The varieties were Argomulyo, Dena-1, Dena-2, Denasa-1, Denasa-2, and Devon. The research showed that no pustule bacteria were observed in the agroforestry system with pine. However, soybeans in agroforestry systems with mahogany were infected by pustule bacteria with an incidence of up to 40%. No infection on agroforestry soybeans in pines is presumably related to the microclimate condition. The microclimate conditions in pine agroforestry are more open and hot, while in mahogany, agroforestry conditions are more humid and less exposed to sunlight.
The role of entrepreneurs and firm characteristics to the level of innovativeness: A study of e-commerce adoption on traditional drink SMEs
Authors: Setyowati N , Masyhuri  , Mulyo J H , Irham
Published: June 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneur and business characteristics on the innovativeness level in e-commerce adoption in traditional drink SMEs. It is a quantitative research with a survey technique. The number of samples was 330 owners of traditional drink SMEs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta taken proportionally. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with multiple linear regression and SPSS as a tool analysis. The results show that simultaneously, all of the variables affect the innovativeness level in e-commerce adoption. Partially, business scale, education, and the number of IT staff have a positive effect on the level of innovativeness in e-commerce adoption. The business age has a negative and significant effect on the level of innovativeness. Meanwhile, the age of the entrepreneur did not have a significant effect on the innovativeness level. Stakeholder collaboration is needed to improve both formal and non-formal education for traditional drink SMEs. The development of e-commerce skills, knowledge, and investment in the number of IT staff is required to accelerate the adoption and e-commerce usage management continuously. Increasing business scale is also needed for the optimization and efficiency of e-commerce utilization to improve business performance.
Status of soil quality in various agroforestry systems in banyurip village jenar district sragen regency
Authors: Supriyadi  , Purwanto  , Hartati S , Rosariastuti R , Prinandhika G M , Aryani W
Published: June 2024

Agroforestry consists of various land covers that produce litter, which results in the addition of organic matter to the soil and improves soil quality. This study aims to determine the status of soil quality in various agroforestry systems by calculating the soil quality index in various agroforestry systems. This research was conducted in Banyurip Village, Jenar District, Sragen Regency, Indonesia. This research was conducted on various agroforestry systems, namely teak agroforestry, teak-sacha inchi agroforestry, and sacha inchi monoculture, as well as land that does not apply agroforestry systems. A total of nine indicators were used, and then the indicators were tested with principal component analysis using Minitab 18 to select the minimum data set. The indicators were chosen as soil humidity, bulk density, porosity, CEC, soil total N, soil organic C, and microbial biomass C. The highest soil quality indexes in teak agroforestry and teak-sacha inchi agroforestry were 0.22. The highest soil quality index in teak agroforestry and teak-sacha inchi agroforestry each was 0.22, and the soil quality index in sacha inchi monocultur was 0.20. The soil quality of the three types of agroforestry is low because the soil quality index ranges from 0.2-0.39.
Comparing the population density, colony diversity, and phosphate solubilization ability between rice root endophytic and rice rhizospheric soil bacteria from organic wetland
Authors: Cahyani V R , Fadhilah A H N , Nabawi A R , Krisdhiarto F P B
Published: June 2024

Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play important roles in the agricultural systems. The present study aims to compare the population density, colony diversity, and phosphate solubilization ability between rice root endophytic bacteria (RRoEB) and rice rhizospheric soil bacteria (RRzSB) from organic wetland. By spread plate method, bacteria were isolated directly using Pikovskaya’s agar and indirectly through other media, namely Nutrient Agar (NA), Starch Casein Agar (SCA), Jensen, and Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar (YEMA). Each distinct colony based on the morphology on the respective media was screened for phosphate solubilization ability by subculturing on Pikovskaya’s agar. The phosphate solubilizing index (PSI) was measured from the halo zone formation. The results showed that by direct isolation, 6 RRoEB and 5 RRzSB were able to phosphate solubilization. By indirect isolation from NA, SCA, Jensen, and YEMA, 2, 3, 1, and 3 isolates of RRoEB and 4, 3, 1, and 3 isolates of RRzSB showed the capability as phosphate solubilizer. Although the highest colony diversity of PSB was obtained from direct isolation, however the highest PSI was yielded from indirect isolation, namely isolates J1R1 (3.53) and Y1S1 (2.48). The highest PSI from direct isolation was obtained by P1R5 (1.90) and P1S1 (1.51).
Characterization of microplastic degrading bacteria isolated from the Putri Cempo landfill
Authors: Rosariastuti R , Prakosa M H H , Sutami
Published: June 2024

Exposure to plastic in the soil causes the formation of plastic debris, which breaks down into microplastics (plastic measuring <5 mm). Microplastic pollution that occurs in ecosystems has the potential to enter the human food chain and is considered a severe threat to human health. One solution to overcome the problem of microplastic pollution is to use indigenous bacteria as natural microplastic decomposing agents. This research uses an exploratory descriptive method with soil samples from the landfill followed isolation and identify the potential of indigenous bacteria from Putri Cempo landfill to degrading microplastics. Based on the research results, two isolates could degrade microplastics, namely separates CP1 and CP2. Isolate CP1 was proven to lessen microplastics by 2.43% and isolate CP2 by 1.15%. Bacterial isolates CP1 and CP2 have the same morphological characteristics. Bacterial isolates CP1 and CP2 are gram-negative bacteria, round, cream in color, with smooth edges, shiny elevations, and bacillary cell shape. In the oxidase and O/F tests, isolate CP1 had positive results, while CP2 had negative values. Bacteria CP1 grows optimally at 37°C, pH five, while CP2 at a temperature of 27°C, pH nine, and both are tolerant to NaCl at a level of 4%.
Sulfuryl fluoride safe dosage test to mortality of Tribolium castaneum Herbst on corn and rice flour commodities in warehouse
Authors: Subekti Niken , Al Sabrina Nasiha , Fadhila Anita
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine the level of pest mortality of Tribolium castaneum on corn flour and rice commodities using SF exposure with different concentrations. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. The materials used in this study were SF, fumigation equipments, corn flour and rice commodities. Observation variables include identification, mortality calculations, temperature and humidity calculations. Treatment types of SF doses were (1) 0 g/m3, (2) 10 g/m3, (3) 15 g/m3, (4) 21 g/m3, and (5) 30 g/m3 with each treatment combination was repeated two times. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and statistically using the ANOVA and follow-up tests using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. Research innovation using a variety of food safe doses of SF to make the highest mortality from T. castaneum. The results show that there is a significant difference, the highest mortality was in the SF doses of 21 g/m3 and 30 g/m3 on corn and rice flour commodities. The effective dose of sulfuryl fluoride is 21 g/m3 with the highest death rate. This research can be used as a recommendation for pest control using effective and efficient doses of SF in controlling T. castaneum.