bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
English language schooling, linguistic realities, and the native speaker of English in Hong Kong
Authors: Hansen Edwards Jette G.
Published: November 2017

The study employs a case study approach to examine the impact of educational backgrounds on nine Hong Kong tertiary students’ English and Cantonese language practices and identifications as native speakers of English and Cantonese. The study employed both survey and interview data to probe the participants’ English and Cantonese language use at home, school, and with peers/friends. Leung, Harris, and Rampton’s (1997, The idealized native speaker, reified ethnicities, and classroom realities. TESOL Quarterly 31(3). 543–560) framework of language affiliation, language expertise, and inheritance was used to examine the construction of a native language identity in a multilingual setting. The study found that educational background – and particularly international school experience in contrast to local government school education – had an impact on the participants’ English language usage at home and with peers, and also affected their language expertise in Cantonese. English language use at school also impacted their identifications as native speakers of both Cantonese and English, with Cantonese being viewed largely as native language based on inheritance while English was being defined as native based on their language expertise, affiliation and use, particularly in contrast to their expertise in, affiliation with, and use of Cantonese.
Der medizinische Unterricht der Iatrosophisten in der ‚Schule von Alexandria‘ (5.‒7. Jh. n. Chr.): Überlegungen zu seiner Organisation, seinen Inhalten und seinen Ursprüngen (erster Teil)
Authors: Overwien Oliver
Published: November 2017

A reconstruction of the medical instruction of the iatrosophists in Alexandria (5th–7th century) faces serious problems, because the sources provide us with no information on either their organisation or the biographies of their teachers. Nonetheless, some key points can be established that were characteristic of the teaching of the iatrosophists. These include the medical curriculum, the textbooks used, the type of lectures, the practical training, and the teaching units on philosophical themes. Further, it seems that Gessius initiated this type of teaching, and in the process made numerous borrowings especially from his philosophy teacher Ammonius. Ultimately, the rise in the teaching of the iatrosophists can be explained by different innovations in educational politics that can also be detected in other parts of the Roman Empire at the same time.
Schiffbruch im Totenreich
Authors: Sprengel Peter
Published: November 2017

In Hauptmann’s reception of antiquity there is an overlap between the ‘dark’ (i.e. chthonic, Dionysiac, barbaric) understanding of the Greeks, which had been introduced by Bachofen and Nietzsche and which was characteristic of modernism as a whole around 1900, and a late neoclassical view of the Hellenic legacy, which is manifested not least in his drawing on the literary translations of the nineteenth century (in the case of the three tragedians, Donner’s translations “in the original metres”). The same tension is a feature also of his late Atrides Tetralogy. Its second part, Agamemnons Tod (‘Agamemnon’s Death’) not only recurs to Aeschylus’ Oresteia, to which Hauptmann had responded with enthusiasm in his youth, but is also influenced by the chthonic Homer interpretation of his first drama on a theme from the ancient world, Der Bogen des Odysseus (‘Odysseus’ Bow’), and by nineteenth-century archaeology at Mycenae.
(F)utility of computed tomography of the chest in the presence of pleural effusion
Authors: Pathak Tilak , Parmar Malvinder S.
Published: November 2017

Background

Pleural effusion is common and can cause significant morbidity. The chest X-ray is often the initial radiological test, but additional tests may be required to reduce uncertainty and to provide additional diagnostic information. However, additional exposure and unnecessary costs should be prevented. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical benefit of an additional chest computed tomography (CT) scan over plain chest X-ray alone in the management of patients with pleural effusion.

Methods

Retrospective analysis in 94 consecutive patients with pleural effusion who underwent chest X-ray and CT scan over an 18-month period in a single institution. All chest X-ray and CT scan reports were compared and correlated with clinical parameters in order to assess their utility in the clinical management. No blinding was applied.

Results

In 75 chest CT scan reports (80 %), information provided by the radiologist did not change clinical management when compared to plain chest X-ray alone and did not provide any additional information over chest X-ray. Only 2/49 (4 %) of the native chest CT scan reports provided clinically relevant information as compared to 17/45 (38 %) contrast-enhanced chest CT scan reports (p<0.001).

Conclusions

In this retrospective cohort of patients with pleural effusion, an additional chest CT scan was not useful in the majority of patients. However, if a chest CT scan is required, then a contrast-enhanced study after pleural aspiration should be performed. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
Effect of protonation, composition and isomerism on the redox properties and electron (de)localization of classical polyoxometalates
Authors: López Xavier
Published: November 2017

This publication reviews some relevant features related with the redox activity of two inorganic compounds: [XM12O40]q- (Keggin structure) and [X2M18O62]q- (Wells-Dawson structure). These are two well-known specimens of the vast Polyoxometalate (POM) family, which has been the subject of extensive experimental and theoretical research owing to their unmatched properties. In particular, their redox activity focus a great deal of attention from scientists due to their prospective related applications. POMs are habitually seen as ‘electron sponges’ since many of them accept several electrons without losing their chemical identity. This makes them excellent models to study mechanisms of electrochemical nature. Their redox properties depend on: (i) the type and number of transition metal atoms in the structure, (ii) the basicity of the first reduced species and, occasionally, of the fully oxidized species; (iii) the size of the molecule, (iv) the overall negative charge of the POM, and (v) the size of the central heteroatom. In the last years, important collaboration between the experimental and theoretical areas has been usual on the development of POM science. In the present chapter three of these synergies are highlighted: the influence of the internal heteroatom upon the redox potentials of Keggin anions; the dependence of the redox waves of Fe-substituted Wells-Dawson compounds with pH; and the role of electron delocalization and pairing in mixed-metal Mo/W Wells-Dawson compounds in their ability to accept electrons. In these three cases, a complete understanding of the problem would not have been possible without the mutual benefit of experimental and computational data.
MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of oligodendrocytes development in white matter injury
Authors: Xiao Dongqiong , Qu Yi , Pan Lingli , Li Xihong , Mu Dezhi
Published: November 2017

White matter injury (WMI) often results in cognitive impairment, behavioral disorders, and cerebral palsy and thus imposes a tremendous burden on society. The cells in brain white matter mainly comprise oligodendrocytes (OLs), astrocytes, and microglia. The dysregulation of OLs development is the pathological hallmark of WMI. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) participate in the regulation of OLs development, and the dysregulation of this process represents the pathogenesis of WMI. This review summarizes the progress made in this field that will help clinicians and researchers understand the molecular etiology of WMI and develop miRNAs as new agents for the prevention and treatment of WMI.
Some forensic aspects of the nasal septal deformities
Authors: Mladina Ranko , Skitarelić Neven , Cingi Cemal , Muluk Nuray Bayar
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVES. We reviewed the foreign aspects in nasal septal deformities.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. Mladina classification of the nasal septal deformities was used.

RESULTS. Types 5 and 6 have been dominantly inherited. The mechanism of the onset and possible connection to the trauma against the nose, as well as clinical implications of the remaining four types of the nasal septal deformities, have been explained and described in detail, giving the court expert witnesses the excellent opportunity to make a reliable and valuable finding.

CONCLUSION. Type 5 and type 6 nasal septal deformities are never the consequence of the trauma against the nose. In most of the cases, this also concerns type 3. This type as well as type 7 require the latero-lateral and anterior-posterior X-rays of the nasal bones in cases when the nasal pyramid is concurrently deformed. Types 1 and 2 in most of the cases are connected to trauma against the nose.
La passion et la figurativité: Les deux tentations greimassiennes face à la profondeur
Authors: Basso Fossali Pierluigi
Published: November 2017

Greimas’s intellectual trajectory can be seen as an intellectual journey full of challenges that left behind living remnants of a courage and an “energetism” of thinking which prohibits, even today, the construction of a dogmatism based solely on a single synchronic image of his semiotics. We can identify Greimas with his beloved topic, “the Fearless hero”: on the one hand, he extended the quest of a Sender, in keeping with the expectations of a deep narrative schema, while on the other hand, he structured his life around the permanence of a passion. Should we attribute this search to a “meta-will,” or to an endless implication in figurativity? “With passion, figurativity reigns,” Ricoeur told his friend Greimas, who worked on the origins of the modalities, with the predicament of raising the issue of an unanalysable ontic horizon. How can we explain the apparent contradiction between, on the one hand, the Greimassian challenge to deal with being, even speculatively, and, on the other, the search for an endless passion anchored in perception and its re-elaboration? Against the certainty of deep narrative logic is opposed the surface where forms of life coexist, where we find “the fidgeting, the uncertainty we are in.”
Development and Application of the New Explosive Loading Experimental System of Digital Laser Dynamic Caustics
Authors: Wang Y.
Published: November 2017

The new explosive loading experimental system of digital laser dynamic caustics was developed by replacing the conventional multi-spark point source light and the previous multi-frame film camera with the solid-state laser and the digital high-speed camera, respectively; namely, a new caustics experimental system of high-speed photography system using a combination of solid-state laser and digital high-speed camera was created. This new experimental system was used to conduct the crack propagation test of single-borehole explosion with defective medium and the double-boreholes explosive loading experiment to obtain the clear digital caustics photos. If compared with the conventional optical photos, these digital photos were found to be clearer with more reliable results and longer recording time, which demonstrates that the new system can meet the requirements of ultra-dynamic fracture problems such as blasting. The new optical system is simple, user-friendly, which ensures a low experimental cost, short cycle, and the continuous observation throughout the fracture process.
Utilizing Digital Image Correlation (DIC) in Asphalt Pavement Testing
Authors: Safavizadeh S. A. , Wargo A. , Kim Y. Richard
Published: November 2017

The digital image correlation (DIC) technique as a displacement and strain measurement method is one of the newest measurement technologies employed in asphalt pavement testing. Although DIC was introduced for material testing in the early 1980s; this technology is not yet being used to its highest potential as a reliable and flexible method for measuring displacements and strains and, more importantly, for investigating cracking phenomena and fracture characteristics in asphalt pavement testing. This research aimed to study the requirements for ensuring a reliable and accurate DIC system and to demonstrate areas where the technique could be used to provide an edge over traditional measurement methods. Using proprietary two-dimensional DIC software, the parameters that affect the accuracy of test results were evaluated and the proper analysis configurations for investigating cracked areas were determined. The results showed that the DIC technique, if used properly, is an extremely powerful tool for studying damage progression and fracture characteristics in the fatigue and fracture testing of asphalt concrete.
Personality Disorder Features and Paraphilic Interests Among Undergraduates: Differential Relations and Potential Antecedents
Authors: Watts Ashley L. , Nagel Madeline G. , Latzman Robert D. , Lilienfeld Scott O.
Published: November 2017

We examined the relations between: (1) narcissism, psychopathy, DSM-5 personality disorder symptom counts; and (2) paraphilic interests among undergraduates (N = 608). Base rates of paraphilic interests were appreciable. The disinhibition and meanness features of psychopathy and the entitlement and exploitativeness features of narcissism were robustly associated with paraphilic interests, particularly sexual sadism, whereas the boldness features of narcissism and psychopathy were essentially unrelated to these interests. Narcissism and psychopathy features typically manifested the most pronounced relations with paraphilic interests, although antisocial personality disorder features were also strong predictors. By and large, these relations were comparable across gender. Lastly, there was no evidence that erotophilia mediated the relations between the narcissism and psychopathy features and paraphilic interests, most likely because erotophilia was generally unrelated to paraphilic interests. Relative to other dimensions of personality disorders, facets of meanness and disinhibition from psychopathy and entitlement/exploitativeness facets from narcissism were most associated with paraphilic interests.
Thermal resistance of aluminum gravity heaò pipe with threaded capillary structure
Authors: Nikolaenko Yu. E. , Kozak D. V.
Published: November 2017

The results of an experimental study of the thermal resistance of an aluminum gravitational heat pipe with isobutane (R600a) as a working fluid under conditions of heat removal of natural air convection are presented. Comparison of the thermal resistance of an aluminum gravitational heat pipe with a threaded capillary structure and the thermal resistance of an aluminum thermosyphon of the same size, having a smooth surface of the body in the evaporation zone, is given. It is shown that in the range of values of the input heat flux from 5 to 50 W the thermal resistance of the gravitational heat pipe is substantially lower than the thermal resistance of the thermosiphon. The studies were conducted both without the use of additional radiators in the condensation zone of heat transfer devices, and with the use of one, two and three radiators.
Comparative analysis of the main reliability indices and parameters of two-stage thermoelectric devices with different geometry of the branches of thermoelements in various operating modes
Authors: Zaikov V. P. , Meshcheryakov V. I. , Zhuravlyov Yu. I.
Published: November 2017

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the main parameters and reliability indices of two-stage thermoelectric devices with a variation in the geometry of the branches of thermoelements in cascades and temperature drops for characteristic current operating modes under the condition of identical configuration of branches in cascades. The authors propose criteria that allow building two-stage high-reliability thermoelectric devices choosing the current operation mode for a given geometry of the branches of thermoelements in cascades, considering the significance of each of the limiting factors.
Investigation of the influence of oxygen on the rate and anisotropy of deep etching of silicon in the plasma-chemical reactor with the controlled magnetic field
Authors: Hladkovskyi V. V. , Fedorovich O. A.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the research results on the influence of the amount of oxygen in a mixture with sulfur hexafluoride on the rate and anisotropy of the silicon etching in the plasma-chemical reactor with the controlled magnetic field. The etching was performed under the pressure of (0,3—2,0)×10–3 Torr in the working chamber and the energy of chemically active ions of 50—80 eV. It was possible to etch the silicon to the depth of 100 µm with anisotropy 10, using a thick (0.4—1 µm) nickel mask.The obtained results make it evident, that maximums do not coincide for speed of etch and anisotropy. The maximum of etch rate is observed at oxygen maintained at 5%. While the maximum of anisotropy is observed at 10% oxygen. The authors discovered the influence of the magnetic field on the rate and anisotropy of etching. Etch rate of the silicon at the increase of the magnetic-field tension increases virtually twofold at other discharge parameters remaining unchanged. The anisotropy first increases, and then decreases sharply. Thus, the increase of the tension of magnetic field results in worsening of anisotropy. Thus, the process of deep plasma-chemical etching of silicon has been developed and optimized.
Surface passivation of high purity granular metals: zinc, cadmium, lead
Authors: Pirozhenko L. A. , Poyarkova S. S. , Shcherban A. P. , Gorbenko Yu.V. , Rybka A.V.
Published: November 2017

For the high purity metals (99.9999%), such as zinc, cadmium, and lead, which are widely used as initial components in growing semiconductor and scintillation crystals (CdTe, CdZnTe, ZnSe, (Cd, Zn, Pb) WO4, (Cd, Zn, Pb) MoO4 et al.), it is very important to ensure reliable protection of the surface from oxidation and adsorption of impurities from the atmosphere. The specific features of surface passivation of high purity cadmium, lead and zinc are not sufficiently studied and require specific methodologies for further studies. The use of organic solutions in the schemes of chemical passivation of the investigated metals avoids hydrolysis of the obtained protective films. The use of organic solvents with pure cation and anion composition as the washing liquid prevents chemisorption of ions present in the conventionally used distilled water. This keeps the original purity of the granular metals.
Novel compositions of etchants and etching scheme providing simultaneous polishing and passivation of high purity granular Zn, Cd and Pb are developed. Chemical passivation allows storing metals in the normal atmospheric conditions for more than half a year for Zn and Cd and up to 30 days for Pb without changing the state of the surface. The use of the glycerol-DMF solution in the processes for obtaining Pb granules provides self-passivation of metal surfaces and eliminates the additional chemical processing while maintaining the quality of corrosion protection.
SRC «Electron-Karat» — 45 years of success
Authors: Vakiv M. M. , Syvorotka I. M. , Bulat A. M.
Published: November 2017

The paper is devoted to the Scientific-Production Company «Electron-Karat», its history from the moment of creation to the present day. Described are the significant stages of the company’s development and the scientific and technical results achieved by its team during 45 years.
Collections2: Using “Crowdsourcing” within Psychological Research
Authors: McCarthy Randy J. , Chartier Christopher R.
Published: November 2017

“Crowdsourcing” is a methodological approach in which several researchers coordinate their resources to achieve research goals that would otherwise be difficult to attain individually. This article introduces a Nexus—a collection of empirical and theoretical articles that will be published in Collabra: Psychology—that is intended to encourage more crowdsourced research in psychological science by providing a specific outlet for such projects and by assisting researchers in developing and executing their projects. We describe how individuals can propose and lead a crowdsourced research project, how individuals can contribute to other ongoing projects, and other ways to contribute to this Nexus. Ultimately, we hope this Nexus will contain a set of highly-informative articles that demonstrate the flexibility and range of the types of research questions that can be addressed with crowdsourced research methods.
People and water: Exploring the social-ecological condition of watersheds of the United States
Authors: Scown Murray W. , Flotemersch Joseph E. , Spanbauer Trisha L. , Eason Tarsha , Garmestani Ahjond , Chaffin Brian C.
Published: November 2017

A recent paradigm shift from purely biophysical towards social-ecological assessment of watersheds has been proposed to understand, monitor, and manipulate the myriad interactions between human well-being and the ecosystem services that watersheds provide. However, large-scale, quantitative studies in this endeavour remain limited. We utilised two newly developed ‘big-data’ sets—the Index of Watershed Integrity (IWI) and the Human Well-Being Index (HWBI)—to explore the social-ecological condition of watersheds throughout the conterminous U.S., and identified environmental and socio-economic influences on watershed integrity and human well-being. Mean county IWI was highly associated with ecoregion, industry-dependence, and state, in a spatially-explicit regression model (R2 = 0.77, P < 0.001), whereas HWBI was not (R2 = 0.31, P < 0.001). HWBI is likely influenced by factors not explored here, such as governance structure and formal and informal organisations and institutions. ‘Win-win’ situations in which both IWI and HWBI were above the 75th percentile were observed in much of Utah, Colorado, and New Hampshire, and lessons from governance that has resulted in desirable outcomes might be learnt from here. Eastern Kentucky and West Virginia, along with large parts of the desert southwest, had intact watersheds but low HWBI, representing areas worthy of further investigation of how ecosystem services might be utilised to improve well-being. The Temperate Prairies and Central USA Plains had widespread areas of low IWI but high HWBI, likely a result of historic exploitation of watershed resources to improve well-being, particularly in farming-dependent counties. The lower Mississippi Valley had low IWI and HWBI, which is likely related to historical (temporal) and upstream (spatial) impacts on both watershed integrity and well-being. The results emphasise the importance of considering spatial and temporal trade-offs when utilising the ecosystem services provided by watersheds to improve human well-being.
Development of a Research Tool to Document Self-Reported Chronic Conditions in Primary Care
Authors: Fortin Martin , Almirall José , Nicholson Kathryn
Published: November 2017

Background

Researchers interested in multimorbidity often find themselves in the dilemma of identifying or creating an operational definition in order to generate data. Our team was invited to propose a tool for documenting the presence of chronic conditions in participants recruited for different research studies.

Objective

To describe the development of such a tool.

Design

A scoping review in which we identified relevant studies, selected studies, charted the data, and collated and summarized the results. The criteria considered for selecting chronic conditions were: (1) their relevance to primary care services; (2) the impact on affected patients; (3) their prevalence among the primary care users; and (4) how often the conditions were present among the lists retrieved from the scoping review.

Results

Taking into account the predefined criteria, we developed a list of 20 chronic conditions/categories of conditions that could be self-reported. A questionnaire was built using simple instructions and a table including the list of chronic conditions/categories of conditions.

Conclusions

We developed a questionnaire to document 20 self-reported chronic conditions/categories of conditions intended to be used for research purposes in primary care. Guided by previous literature, the purpose of this questionnaire is to evaluate the self-reported burden of multimorbidity by participants and to encourage comparability among research studies using the same measurement.
Application of Huff model in analysing market competition – example of shopping centres in the settlement of Zadar
Authors: Marić Ivan , Šiljeg Ante
Published: November 2017

The object of the research is market competition between the shopping centres in the settlement of Zadar. The research is based on the spatial data collected by using various methods and techniques, which were analysed by applying the tools of geographic information system (GIS) with respect to specific laws of market economy. A categorization of shopping centres was made in order to define a broad trade area where the competition between the centres was analysed. A demographic raster was used to define the density of potential consumers within a broad market area. The competition analysis included the determination of the centres’ market zones, the occurrence of potential market cannibalism and the definition of the dominant shopping centre according to a variable of choice probability. The market zones were determined based on the attribute of duration of drive (min). On-site research, calculation of non-linear distance and the analysis of shopping centres’ density, led to a conclusion that market cannibalism occurs between the centres. For the purpose of predicting market dominance, Huff model was used to calculate average values of preference of centres within the zones of overlapping and the broad trade area. The results of Huff model confirm the market reality that a larger number of consumers within the zones of overlapping and the broad trade area prefer a more attractive shopping centre. The difference in number of people that visit a more attractive shopping centre was quantified by overlapping the demographic raster and the Huff model.
Sebastian Münster Cosmographia as the renaissance mirror of the world
Authors: Galić Anđelka , Došen Antonia
Published: November 2017

Cosmographey oder beschreibug aller Länder [...]1, famous work by a German cartographer Sebastian Münster is kept among few cartographic works in the Collection of Printing and Bookbinding of the Museum of Arts and Crafts in Zagreb. After its restoration at the Central Laboratory for Conservation and Restoration of the Croatian State Archives in Zagreb, it was determined by using comparative analysis with other editions that the copy of Münster’s work from the Museum of Arts and Crafts, with the missing title page along with the entire contents of the last, Sixth Book, is in fact the German edition of Cosmographia published in Basel in 1567. The established dating is also verified by applying the method of identifying the volume through determining the sequence of maps printed on double pages which precede the main text and are described in detail and analysed in the enclosed table with the text. Münster’s work is a unique endeavour in the history of printing. The knowledge of the world is presented over a thousand text pages equipped with several hundred woodcut illustrations and dozens of maps covering geography, history, ethnography, anthropology, geology and natural sciences. In this paper, Münster’s work on Dalmatia, Istria and Slavonia are especially highlighted as the basis, as well as an incentive, for further research of content and significance of cartographic presentations of a part of Croatian lands during the Renaissance period.
A surprising treatment response in a patient with rare isolated growth hormone deficiency, type IB
Authors: Amar Jordan Yardain , Borden Kimberly , Watson Elizabeth , Arslanian Talin
Published: November 2017

Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency (IGHD) is a rare cause of short stature, treated with the standard regimen of subcutaneous synthetic growth hormone (GH). Patients typically achieve a maximum height velocity in the first year of treatment, which then tapers shortly after treatment is stopped. We report a case of a 9-year-old male who presented with short stature (<3rd percentile for age and race). Basal hormone levels showed undetectable serum IGF1. Skeletal wrist age was consistent with chronologic age. Cranial MRI revealed no masses or lesions. Provocative arginine-GH stimulation testing demonstrated a peak GH level of 1.4 ng/mL. Confirmatory genetic testing revealed a rare autosomal recessive single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with mutational frequency of 2%. GH supplementation was started and pursued for 2 years, producing dramatically increased height velocity. This velocity persisted linearly through adolescence, several years after treatment had been discontinued. Final adult height was >95th percentile for age and race. In conclusion, this is a case of primary hypopituitarism with differential diagnosis of IGHD vs Idiopathic Short Stature vs Constitutional Growth Delay. This case supports two objectives: Firstly, it highlights the importance of confirmatory genetic testing in patients with suspected, though diagnostically uncertain, IGHD. Secondly, it demonstrates a novel secondary growth pattern with implications for better understanding the tremendous variability of GH treatment response.

Learning points:

GHD is a common cause of growth retardation, and IGHD is a specific subtype of GHD in which patients present solely with short stature.

The standard treatment for IGHD is subcutaneous synthetic GH until mid-parental height is reached, with peak height velocity attained in the 1st year of treatment in the vast majority of patients.

Genetic testing should be strongly considered in cases of diagnostic uncertainty prior to initiating treatment.

Future investigations of GH treatment response that stratify by gene and specific mutation will help guide treatment decisions.

Response to treatment in patients with IGHD is variable, with some patients demonstrating little to no response, while others are ‘super-responders.’
Endogamous Marriage Of Jamaah Tarbiyah: A Sociological Study Of The Jamaah Tarbiyah In Salatiga
Authors: Muhsin Ilyya
Published: November 2017

This article discusses the endogamous marriage of Jamaah Tarbiyah in Salatiga, Central Java based on a sociological perspective. The framework of Bourdiue theory, particularly capital and habitus concept, was applied to analyze the case. Jamaah Tarbiyah was able to force the cadre to get married in endogamous system based on ‘its own capital’. But, when the system was on process sometime it run in coercive way and there was a symbolic violence. As result, the coercive way raised a habitual action (habitus). The habitus resulted a doxa as well as a heterodoxa (counter doxa) when doxa opposed topersonal interest. Dialectic of the habitus, doxa, and hetrodoxa influenced on the member’s social life when endogamous marriage was practiced. DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i1.6226
Diseño de la interfaz gráfica del módulo de información interactiva para la integración de individuos con capacidades diversas en la Biblioteca pública del estado Zulia.
Authors: Fernández Ochoa Luisenia Fabiola , Rincón Derlisiret
Published: November 2017

La presente investigación busca entender las Ciudades Inteligentes como paradigmas emergentes de desarrollo sustentable y mecanismos de inclusión. Para ello, se conciben los módulos o kioskos de información como los medios para lograr la construcción de estos modelos urbanos. Para ello, se diseñó la interfaz gráfica del módulo de información interactiva para la integración de individuos con capacidades diversas en la Biblioteca Pública del estado Zulia. Sustentado en las posturas teóricas de Aguirre (2013), Thomas (2008), y Mitchell (2007). Mediante el uso de una metodología descriptiva con un diseño de campo no experimental transeccional y documental. Se concluye que, los módulos de información interactiva, no son sólo el medio para incluir el uso de las TIC, de manera "Inteligentes" para la mejora de interacción y la creación de sistemas más amigables y el fomento de una ciudad inteligente; sino que además  genera inclusión en la diversidad, aprendizaje, mejoras en pro del el medio ambiente mediante el uso de las tecnologías para la gestión (inteligente), el desarrollo sostenible del entorno y la minimización de las brechas existentes.
La problemática inherente a la creación de un mamífero transgénico, concebido como una obra de arte
Authors: Carrizosa Posada Diego
Published: November 2017

En este artículo el lector encontrará la manera en que se desarrolló el proceso de creación de GPF Bunny, idea gestada por el artista de origen brasileño Eduardo Kak, la cual se desarrolló durante el año 2000, en el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones sobre Agronomía, en Francia. Con el fin de explicar los conceptos de carácter científico que se dieron para que este proyecto fuese realidad, se explicarán instancias inherentes a la ingeniería molecular como: proteína verde fluorescente, organismo genéticamente modificado, organismos vivos transgénicos y las razones científicas que justifican este tipo de experimentación, las regulaciones que afectan la creación de seres transgénicos vivos, así como la opción de tener potestad sobre dichos individuos personas no vinculadas a la ciencia.Además, en este texto se reflexiona sobre lo biotecnología, el bio arte, y el arte transgénico, a partir de reflexiones sobre conceptos y ejemplos que hablan acerca de poder del hombre para imitar, interpretar y modificar la naturaleza. Se estudia sobre la autoridad que poseen los laboratorios de biotecnología para crear organismos transgénicos vivos amparados bajo razones de investigación médica, versus el paradigma que rodea a los artistas plásticos cuando se involucran en procesos similares de experimentación. Se diserta sobre la posibilidad que la creación de un organismo transgénico pueda ser parte de un proceso de evolución. Se plantea además una nueva teoría filosófica que habla de un existencialismo evolutivo, cuyas nociones pueden coadyuvar a la posible creación de un código de valores que regule los procedimientos genéticos de manipulación susceptibles de ser realizados en los seres vivos por parte de artistas. Se hace mención a la teoría de Michel Foucault, que habla de la estética de la existencia, que significa el derecho que posee cada individuo para realizar su proceso individual de estetización.Para concluir el lector conocerá las diferentes posturas tanto científicas, humanísticas  y artísticas que tratan sobre la problemática que se presenta al romper con las diferencias naturales que separan las especies. Puesto que bajo nociones ya establecidas que se refieren a la evolución, es el interés de algunos comprender y modificar el fenómeno de la vida tal como es, probablemente sin percatarse realmente a fondo sobre las consecuencias que estos actos pueden provocar en el normal desarrollo del ciclo de la vida.
El Impacto del Crédito y la Cobranza en las Utilidades
Authors: Izar Landeta Juan Manuel , Ynzunza Cortés Carmen Berenice
Published: November 2017

Este trabajo busca definir la política de crédito y cobranza que le permitan a una pequeña empresa maximizar sus utilidades.El modelo para estimar las utilidades considera el impacto del crédito en el volumen de ventas, así como los costos financieros de las cuentas por cobrar, las cuentas incobrables y los descuentos por pronto pago de los clientes.El crédito para maximizar las utilidades se incrementa si el margen de contribución y el descuento por pronto pago aumentan y si el costo de capital y las cuentas incobrables se reducen, siendo mayor el impacto del margen de contribución y las cuentas incobrables.Con estos hallazgos, se sugiere una apropiada selección de los clientes a los que se vaya a otorgar crédito, de modo que las cuentas incobrables se minimicen, así como dar seguimiento a las cuentas por cobrar, para garantizar que los pagos de los clientes se realicen conforme al plazo establecido.
Design investigations of basalt-fibre-reinforced mortar
Authors: Ralegaonkar Rahul V. , Aswath P. B. , Abolmaali A.
Published: November 2017

This study examined the role of short (9 mm) and long (50 mm) basalt fibres on the properties of conventional mortar using six design combinations. Conventional cement (S-type) and sand in the proportion 1:3 were used for the study. Three fibre-reinforced mortar mix trials with 0·5, 1·5 and 2·5 wt% chopped basalt fibres with respect to the dry mix proportion for short and long fibres were designed. The desired properties of the mortar such as compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, gross area of modulus of rupture, air content, sulfate and chloride resistance were examined using standard American Society for Testing Materials test procedures to arrive at the optimum mix design for a specific class of mortar. The optimum mix for improved mechanical and durability properties was found to be with the addition of 0·5% of long fibres.
Mechanical properties of biopolymer-stabilised soil-based construction materials
Authors: Muguda S. , Booth S. J. , Hughes P. N. , Augarde C. E. , Perlot C. , Bruno A. W. , Gallipoli D.
Published: November 2017

Soil-based construction materials are of interest as structural building materials due to their green credentials, as well as being present in many historical structures. For effective conservation of the latter, and to motivate greater uptake for new construction, understanding of the mechanical and hydraulic properties of these materials is in need of improvement. Earthen construction materials can be considered to be manufactured unsaturated soils, and advances in understanding can be made by considering them from a geotechnical point of view. This paper presents initial results from a major programme of testing, seeking improved properties for earthen construction materials, where unusual organic compounds have been employed as stabilisers. Two gums (guar and xanthan) used as stabilisers for a soil mixture are shown to have significant effects on certain mechanical properties, some of which can be explained, and other aspects which are in need of further investigation.
Rapid deployment of a WSN on the Clifton Suspension Bridge, UK
Authors: Gunner Sam , Vardanega Paul J , Tryfonas Theo , Macdonald John H G , Wilson R Eddie
Published: November 2017

The Clifton Suspension Bridge is an emblematic structure in Bristol, UK. In this paper, a rapid deployment of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system for short-term monitoring is described. The system, deployed in a single day, integrates wireless SHM and open-source data management systems to gather valuable information about the bridge use (loading). The deployed system can be used to inform structural response models as well as studies for traffic engineering purposes. The use of open-source software was critical to the successful deployment.
A New Dataset of Macroprudential Policy Governance Structures
Authors: Correa Ricardo , Edge Rochelle M. , Liang Nellie
Published: November 2017

Governance structures are a critical part of a framework for implementing macroprudential policy, alongside methodologies for measuring and monitoring systemic risk, and analyses to understand the impact of policies that may be used to mitigate risk. As part of various research projects to study macroprudential policy frameworks, we have compiled a new dataset of governance structures in 58 countries. This note documents the construction of our dataset, including the decisions that we made concerning the countries and governance-structure facts to record in our dataset, and it discusses the approach that we followed for collecting this information.
Dinámicas de la narrativa ficcional y factual en las letras latinoamericanas del siglo XIX: El Periquillo Sarniento y Mariluán
Authors: Hachim Lara Luis , Hurtado Ruiz Pablo
Published: November 2017

Este artículo analiza las relaciones entre el discurso ficcional y el discurso factual en las narrativas hispanoamericanas del siglo xix. En el análisis se considera que ambos discursos establecen una estrecha relación al interior de los textos que se han visto como parte de la literatura de ficción, así como en aquellos que se han clasificado como ensayísticos. Desde ahí se abre la posibilidad de analizar en términos narrativos obras que históricamente se han ubicado en un entre-medio de la crítica historiográfica y la crítica literaria. El análisis propuesto considera el estudio de dos textos: El Periquillo Sarniento (1816), de José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, y Mariluán (1862), de Alberto Blest Gana.
Música y oralidad como formas de arqueología literaria memorias silenciadas de la esclavitud
Authors: Cobo Piñero María Rocío
Published: November 2017

Este artículo se propone analizar la arqueología literaria acometida por la escritora estadounidense Gayl Jones, quien utiliza la literatura como medio de revisión histórica. En el poema narrativo Song for Anninho, Jones combina música, poesía y oralidad para reconstruir -por medio de la imaginación y de hechos históricos, y desde un punto de vista femenino que incorpora los significados modernos del blues- la memoria de resistencia del Quilombo de Palmares, un conjunto de asentamientos de esclavos fugitivos fundados en el nordeste de Brasil a comienzos del siglo XVII. Así, este poema épico es, en realidad, una canción híbrida que, cantada por una mujer, vincula a Brasil y Estados Unidos a través de la diáspora y la esclavitud.
Las dimensiones de la inteligencia astuta y el engaño en la herencia cultural trickster y mễtis como figuras dialógicas
Authors: Martos García Aitana , Martos García Alberto
Published: November 2017

Este artículo revisa las representaciones referidas a la figura folclórica del trickster y a la figura griega de Mễtis, como imágenes dialógicas y símbolos transculturales y bifrontes, vinculados con una inteligencia astuta capaz y con sus habilidades para deconstruir las representaciones comunes y crear paradojas que estimulan el conocimiento. Se proponen como estudios de casos diferentes textos e hitos interculturales.
Dinámica de un sistema lineal en R2 conmutado por histéresis
Authors: Ceron Jhon , Amador Jorge , Olivar Gerard
Published: November 2017

En este artículo se analiza el comportamiento local y global de un sistema dinámico suave a trozos en dos variables, estudiando el flujo de dos sistemas dinámicos lineales no homogéneos que conmutan con las fronteras de una banda de histéresis. Analíticamente se determinan las soluciones de equilibrio y los dominios paramétricos que garantizan la existencia de órbitas periódicas entre la banda. Se realizan simulaciones numéricas para obtener los retratos de fases y los dominios de atracción con diferentes valores de los parámetros. Los resultados muestran la coexistencia de múltiples estados estacionarios de diferente tipo para determinados valores de los parámetros.
Modelos de localización de cámaras de vigilancia en una red de transporte público masivo
Authors: Solano-Pinzón Nathaly , Pinzón-Marroquín David , Guerrero William Javier
Published: November 2017

Este artículo estudia el problema de localización de cámaras de vigilancia aplicado a una red de transporte público masivo. Se considera una red de estaciones conectadas entre sí, mediante rutas predeterminadas de buses. El problema estudiado consiste en escoger las estaciones que deben ser vigiladas mediante cámaras con el fin de optimizar simultáneamente dos objetivos: El valor esperado del número de crímenes detectados por las cámaras, y la calidad de las imágenes captadas por el sistema de vigilancia completo. Se formulan dos modelos de optimización basados en programación entera para este problema considerando múltiples períodos, restricciones de presupuesto y restricciones de conectividad donde se busca garantizar que al menos se cuente con una cámara de vigilancia por cada pareja de estaciones conectadas directamente. Se realiza una comparación del desempeño de los modelos matemáticos propuestos usando un optimizador comercial en un conjunto de instancias aleatorio con 20 hasta 200 estaciones. Los resultados computacionales permiten concluir sobre la capacidad de los modelos matemáticos para encontrar soluciones óptimas y los recursos computacionales requeridos.
Positivity and Boundedness of Solutionsfor a Stochastic Seasonal EpidemiologicalModel for Respiratory Syncytial Virus(RSV)
Authors: González Parra Gilberto , Arenas Abraham J , Cogollo Miladys
Published: November 2017

In this paper we investigate the positivity and boundednessof the solu-tion of a stochastic seasonal epidemic model for the respiratory syncytialvirus(RSV). The stochasticity in the model is due to fluctuating physicaland social environments and is introduced by perturbing thetransmissionparameter of the seasonal disease. We show the existence anduniquenessof the positive solution of the stochastic seasonal epidemic model whichis required in the modeling of populations since all populations must bepositive from a biological point of view. In addition, the positivity andboundedness of solutions is important to other nonlinear models that arisein sciences and engineering. Numerical simulations of the stochastic modelare performed using the Milstein numerical scheme and are included tosupport our analytic results.
Despacho económico en microredes con penetración de energía renovable usando algoritmo de punto interior y restricciones lineales
Authors: Arango Dario , Urrego Ricardo , Rivera Sergio
Published: November 2017

A lo largo de este artículo se muestran simulaciones de posibles despachos económicos para un sistema con penetración de energías renovables cuando hay variaciones de la velocidad del viento y de radiación solar para diferentes horas del día. Para ello se prueba y se válida una metodología para minimizar el costo total del sistema a partir del uso del método de punto interior utilizado por la función fmincon de MatLab. Uno de los aportes de este articulo, es que se propone una adaptación de las restricciones del sistema de potencia a la sintaxis de la función que requiere que estas restricciones sean lineales.
Improvement of Proton-ExchangeMembranes Based on(1x)(H3PO2/PVA)-xTiO2
Authors: Fernandez M E , Murillo G , Vargas R A , Peña Lara D , Diosa J E
Published: November 2017

Using impedance spectroscopy (IS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and infrared spectroscopy (IR) tech-niques to study the polymer electrolyte membranes based on poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) and hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2) with different tita-nium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2) concentrations. The polymer systems(1−x)(H3PO2/ PVA) +xTiO2were prepared using the sol-casting methodand different weight percent of TiO2,x≤10.0. The DSC results showthat the glass transition for molar fraction P/OH = 0.3 appears around 75°Cand for the samples doped with TiO2around 35°C; the melting pointfor all membranes appear around 175°C. The FTIR spectra show changesin the profiles of the absorption bands with the addition of H3PO2andthe different concentrations of TiO2. The IS results show dielectric andconductivity relaxations as well as a change in DC ionic conductivity withthe TiO2content. The order of the ionic conductivity is about10−2S/cmfor 5.0of TiO2. The TGA in the heating run shows water loss that is inagreement with DC conductivity measurements.