bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Ways of Creating Eponyms in English Medical Terminology
Authors: Stehnitska Liubov , Teleky Mariia
Published: December 2024

In English medical terminology, there is a steady tendency for the functioning and even an increase in the number of eponymous terms. The authors focus on the term formation potential of eponyms, ways of their creation, and the semantics of derived units. This paper highlights the main morphological methods of creating eponymous terms in English medical terminology. The suffixation is represented by the suffixes: -ia, -(i)an, -ean, -ella, -(i)al, -ic, -osis, -iasis, -ism, -itis, -oma, -ize. The productivity of this method is provided by derivational suffixes with a semantic burden borrowed from Greek and Latin languages. The semantic range of suffixes contributes to creating new terms with similar meanings. Prefixation in eponymous terms was limited to using prefixes pre- and non-. Only two terms were identified in our investigation: pre-Alzheimer’s brain and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The majority of eponymous terminological units are found to be formed by affix combination. The components of this type of eponymous term are the prefixes a-, anti-, de-, hemi-, non-, post-, pre-, and the suffixes -ian, -ic, -ism,-ize such as anti-Mullerian hormone or hemiparkinsonism. The prefix performs a word-building role as an affix with a mutational meaning, while the suffix generalizes and specifies the meaning of the term. The methods of the word and stem composition are not prevailing. There are structural models with the morphemes pseudo- in the preposition and -like in the postposition: pseudo-Cushing syndrome and Burkitt-like lymphoma. Morphological methods of creating eponymous terms combine borrowed and native English morphemes where the elucidation of derivatives relies on the meanings of their components. Suffixation occupies a dominant position in the creation of eponymous terminological units.
Zelda Fitzgerald in Love and Madness: Her Letters to F. Scott
Authors: Tucan Gabriela
Published: December 2024

The article examines Zelda Fitzgerald’s mental health struggles during the 1930s through her letters to F. Scott Fitzgerald. It highlights her resistance to psychiatric treatment and marital and societal constraints, highlighting her creative letter writing and art as tools for agency and autonomy. Despite prolonged institutionalisation and personal challenges, Zelda’s letters reveal her struggle for personal and professional identity, contrasting poetic self-expression with the clinical detachment and sterility of psychiatric discourse.
A Postmodernist Rewriting Of Homer’s Penelope: Margaret Atwood’s The Penelopiad
Authors: Petruş Raluca-Andreea
Published: December 2024

The article analyses Margaret Atwood’s reinterpretation of the Ithacan queen, Penelope, the wife of Odysseus, taking into consideration the silence-voice interplay between the original female character and her postmodernist re-representation, Penelope 2.0, the protagonist of The Penelopiad. In the Canadian writer’s novel, Penelope’s voice gets empowered through narrative means. Her voice reaches its peak or highest degree of expression in Atwood’s The Penelopiad, namely due to its main character and narrator, Penelope 2.0. Considering that a female first-person narrator elaborates the novel’s narrative, the article demonstrates how Penelope 2.0 expresses her feelings and thoughts regarding a series of events which occurred in the original text of The Odyssey, events which she elucidates by offering direct, well-developed insight, without any constraints.
Both Critic and Not: A Case Study of David Foster Wallace’s Literary Reviews and Essays
Authors: Săran Raul
Published: December 2024

While often described as a significant part of David Foster Wallace’s contribution to American culture, his essays highlight some of the author’s principles and values when it comes to American fiction, entertainment and the general status quo of American society in the 1990s and 2000s. There are several essays where Wallace discusses literary works, from Franz Kafka and Zbigniew Herbert to John Updike and Cormac McCarthy, as well as essays based on the evolution of American fiction at the turn of the millennium. Based on a selected corpus of essays from three of his essay collections – A Supposedly Fun Thing I’ll Never Do Again, Consider the Lobster and Both Flesh and Not – the purpose of the paper is to highlight and discuss the ways in which Wallace analyses and understands literature not just as a writer, but also as an essayist and reviewer.
Peran Rasa Kesepian dan Harapan dalam Memprediksi Kecenderungan Depresi pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Hidayati Hidayati , Poerwandari Elizabeth Kristi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat model dari konstruk positif yaitu harapan (hope) dan konstruk negatif yaitu kesepian (loneliness) dalam memprediksi kecenderungan depresi pada mahasiswa. Kecenderungan depresi merupakan fenomena yang sangat sering dijumpai. Mahasiswa berada pada tahap transisi antara kehidupan remaja dan kehidupan dewasa. Kondisi ini cukup membingungkan dimana mereka mulai berusaha independen namun masih belum dapat independen seutuhnya. Tuntutan akademik, rendahnya kemampuan sosial, tinggal terpisah dari orang tua seringkali menyebabkan rasa kesepian.  Sementara itu, adanya harapan yang dimiliki oleh individu membuat mereka lebih fleksibel dalam menghadapi kesulitan dan berusaha mencapai tujuan sehingga menjadi faktor protektif dari kondisi depresi. Partisipan penelitian ini sebanyak 410 mahasiswa aktif program sarjana yang berasal dari Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, dan Bekasi. Hasil analisa statistik dengan menggunakan regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa model cocok dengan asumsi dimana kesepian memprediksi kehadiran depresi dan harapan berperan signifikan sebagai faktor pelindung dari munculnya depresi (R2=0,456; F(6,409) = 58,183; p<.05).
#002 Inteligência artificial no estudo de molares versus nervo alveolar inferior: caso clínico
Authors:   Clinica Privada, Peres Pedro
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A tomografia computorizada de feixe cónico (CBCT) é usada no diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças
orais oferecendo maior resolução espacial e melhor diferença contraste-ruído reduzindo a dose de radiação necessária em comparação com tomografias axiais. Esta análise
espacial melhora a segurança e previsibilidade do tratamento. A inteligência artificial (AI) permite identificar e
segmentar os dentes nas imagens de CBCT. Esta delimitação
poderá ser usada em cirurgia para facilitar a análise da relação entre marcos anatómicos importantes. Neste caso
clínico observou-se com relativa facilidade e rapidez após
uma análise com AI num software disponível gratuitamente a relação das raízes mesiais do dente 38 que abraçam o
canal alveolar inferior de uma forma perigosa para uma
futura extração. Descrição do Caso Clínico: Paciente do sexo
feminino com 23 anos sem patologias relevantes foi referenciada para extração do dente 38 pela consulta de ortodontia. Na visualizaçao da imagiologia intra oral a duas
dimensões (2D) com a radiografia periapical conclui-se que
havia sobreposição do trajeto do canal alveolar inferior com
as raízes do dente 38. Na análise do CBCT pedido com um
software gratuito de AI constatou-se que a sobreposição nas
imagens 2D consituia na verdade uma bifurcação da raiz
mesial em mesial lingual e mesial vestibular abraçando e
cavalgando o nervo alveolar inferior. Discussão e Conclu-
sões: Nas imagens radiológicas a 2D tais como rx periapicais ou rx panorâmico avaliam-se as características como
o escurecimento da raiz, o estreitamento do canal mandibular ou a interrupção da linha branca (lâmina dura) como
fatores de risco para possíveis lesões durante a cirurgia de
extração. Com o uso de ferramentas informáticas avançadas e treinadas com AI poderemos usar o CBCT com uma
precisão superior. Esta nova abordagem de diagnóstico pode
facilitar uma avaliação mais fiável, rápida e reprodutível de
situações excepcionais com risco extremamente elevado de
lesão do nervo alveolar inferior nas extrações de terceiros
molares oferecendo um tratamento mais seguro aos pacientes.
#008 Múltiplas lesões vasculares da mucosa oral – Caso clínico
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Olazabal Cayetana , Próspero Patrícia ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Freitas Filipe ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Moreira André ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Francisco Helena ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Caramês João ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
Published: December 2024

Introdução: De acordo com a última classificação publicada em 2018 pela International Society for the Study of
Vascular Anomalies, as lesões vasculares devem ser divididas em tumores e malformações vasculares, com base nos
recentes avanços na compreensão da biologia e genética
destas alterações patológicas. Os tumores vasculares incluem as entidades de natureza neoplásica (benigna ou maligna), com particular destaque para os hemangiomas, tumores benignos caracterizados pela proliferação de células
endoteliais. Já as malformações vasculares correspondem a
alterações estruturais dos vasos sanguíneos, não neoplásicas, podendo ser simples (capilares, linfáticas, venosas e
arteriovenosas) ou combinadas. Geralmente, as malformações vasculares estão presentes desde o nascimento e persistem ao longo da vida, enquanto os hemangiomas podem
ser congénitos ou surgir na infância, e exibem uma fase de
crescimento rápido, seguida ou não de uma involução parcial ou total. Descrição do Caso Clínico: Doente do sexo
masculino, com 83 anos, com gota e hipertensão arterial
controlada, veio referenciado a consulta de cirurgia e medicina oral para avaliação de lesões vasculares. O exame objetivo revelou a presença de múltiplas lesões com conteúdo
hemático, no dorso da língua, lábio e mucosa jugal, algumas
com cerca de 1 cm de maior diâmetro. Identificaram-se lesões exofíticas, nodulares, com superfície lisa, base séssil,
cor arroxeada, de consistência mole. Não apresentam sintomatologia dolorosa, espontânea ou à palpação. No entanto, o doente relata compromisso funcional e estético, afirmando alguns episódios de hemorragia após trauma
repetido das lesões. Foram, por isso, realizadas biópsias
excisionais, sob anestesia local, cujo exame anatomopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico de malformações vasculares.
Discussão e Conclusões: Tradicionalmente, o termo hemangioma tem sido usado para descrever uma variedade de
lesões de natureza vascular. No entanto, as anomalias vasculares incluem os tumores e as malformações vasculares.
O presente trabalho relata um caso clínico com ocorrência
de múltiplas lesões vasculares e destaca a importância da
avaliação histológica para um rigoroso diagnóstico. O cirurgião oral desempenha um importante papel no tratamento
destas alterações patológicas.
Assessment of the impact of calcium on the risk of pre-eclampsia among pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wafa Manal , Alshehri Yasmin , Alhashmi Abdulrahman , Alamoudi Safiyah , Alharbi Mohammed , Alanazi Abeer , Albalawi Waad , Khoja Abdullah , Busaleh Mohammed , Althubaiti Raghad , Alanazi Wadha
Published: December 2024

Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of mother and infant morbidity and mortality, especially in low-income countries. Despite advances in maternal health care, prevention remains critical due to an unclear multifactorial pathophysiology. Calcium supplementation has been proven to reduce the incidence of pre-eclampsia in communities with poor dietary calcium consumption. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine how effectively calcium supplements work in preventing pre-eclampsia. This review followed Cochrane principles and The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria for systematic reviews, with an emphasis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). An online search was conducted using specific search phrases related to calcium and pre-eclampsia in four databases (PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and Ovid). Following the removal of 215 duplicates, the systematic review identified 128 records by screening 516 titles and abstracts. Finally, five RCTs that assessed the effectiveness of calcium supplementation in reducing the incidence of pre-eclampsia in high-risk women were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis employed a random-effects model and found that calcium supplementation reduced pre-eclampsia risk by -0.09 (95% CI: -0.17, -0.02, p = 0.02). Three trials, however, reported no statistically significant reduction in risk when measuring severe pre-eclampsia, with a pooled risk difference of −0.02 (95% CI: -0.07, 0.02, p = 0.32). This comprehensive review and meta-analysis demonstrated that calcium supple mentation effectively reduced preeclampsia in people with insufficient calcium consumption, but its efficacy for severe preeclampsia needed to be validated. Additional research should focus on the best dosage, timing, target populations, and any side effects.
Wypowiedzenia okolicznikowe czasu i warunku w języku mówionym dzieci trzyletnich
Authors: Starzyńska Agnieszka
Published: December 2024

Autorka opisuje badania własne na temat struktur i funkcji wypowiedzeń podrzędnie złożonych okolicznikowych czasu i okolicznikowych warunku w języku mówionym dzieci trzyletnich. Przedszkolaki używają schematu: jak A, to B. Wyniki porównywane są z istniejącymi badaniami nad składnią języka mówionego. Takie zestawienie obrazuje, iż ten schemat wypowiedzenia, pojawiający się u dzieci w czwartym roku życia, jest częściej używany z wiekiem. Autorka podkreśla jego dużą przydatność komunikacyjną. W drugiej części artykułu formułowane są wskazówki dotyczące programowania tych struktur składniowych w terapii dzieci z zaburzeniami komunikacji językowej.
„Co dwie głowy, to nie jedna”… O znaczeniu interakcji w procesie terapii logopedycznej
Authors: Konieczna Dorota
Published: December 2024

W artykule przedstawiono propozycję wykorzystania podejścia interakcyjnego w terapii logopedycznej. Zarysowane zostało ewolucyjne tło interakcji międzyludzkich oraz teoretyczne ujęcie tego zagadnienia w psychologii, socjologii i językoznawstwie. Następnie autorka przeszła do praktycznych rozwiązań terapeutycznych, które bazują na wykorzystaniu odmienności relacji terapeuta−dziecko w opozycji do relacji dziecko–dziecko. Posługując się przykładami z własnej praktyki terapeutycznej, zaprezentowała, w jaki sposób, pracując z parą podopiecznych, można wprowadzić ich w interakcje uwzględniające: obserwowanie i naśladowanie, czekanie na swoją kolej, współpracę, rywalizację i inne.
Propozycja modelu opieki logopedycznej pacjentów po przebytej krótkotrwałej intubacji towarzyszącej zabiegom z zakresu torakochirurgii i chirurgii endokrynologicznej
Authors: Maj-Jabłońska Natalia
Published: December 2024

Pacjenci przechodzący zabiegi chirurgiczne w znieczuleniu ogólnym poddawani są procedurze intubacji umożliwiającej wentylację mechaniczną. W zależności od typu wykonywanego zabiegu lekarz anestezjolog przeprowadza intubację dotchawiczą lub dooskrzelową. Krótkotrwała intubacja ma wpływ na zmiany jakości głosu w pewnym odstępie czasowym od ekstubacji, a niekiedy prowadzi również do długofalowych zaburzeń anatomiczno-funkcjonalnych. Dlatego też pacjentom hospitalizowanym ze względu na zabieg chirurgiczny powinno zapewnić się adekwatną opiekę logopedyczną w okresie rekonwalescencji. Głównym celem niniejszego opracowania było stworzenie propozycji wsparcia logopedycznego pacjentów po zabiegach z zakresu torakochirurgii i chirurgii endokrynologicznej na bazie doświadczeń klinicznych, zdobytych podczas prowadzenia badań klinicznych w Centrum Pulmonologii i Torakochirurgii w Bystrej z udziałem 14 pacjentów przechodzących zbieg torakochirurgiczny oraz 12 pacjentów przechodzących zabieg w obrębie tarczycy. W celu weryfikacji hipotezy, zakładającej konieczność wdrażania wsparcia logopedycznego dla pacjentów poddawanych zabiegom w znieczuleniu ogólnym z intubacją, posłużono się metodą teoretyczną oraz eksperymentalną i obserwacyjną – podczas prowadzenia badań klinicznych. Proponowane oddziaływania terapeutyczne powinny być ukierunkowane na niwelowanie skutków krótkotrwałej intubacji, takich jak: chrypka, dysfonia, dyzartria, dysglosja, niewydolność podniebienno-gardłowa czy niedowłady podniebienia. Praca logopedy powinna opierać się na usprawnianiu oddychania, fonacji, w uzasadnionych przypadkach również artykulacji oraz, co szczególnie istotne, koordynacji oddechowo‑fonacyjnej. Zaprezentowana w pracy propozycja oddziaływań powinna stanowić punkt wyjścia dla dalszych badań klinicznych, mających na celu stworzenie kompleksowego standardu postępowania logopedycznego z pacjentami operowanymi w znieczuleniu ogólnym z towarzyszącą krótkotrwałą intubacją, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem pacjentów oddziałów torakochirurgii oraz chirurgii endokrynologicznej.
Analiza językowa wypowiedzi dziecka normatywnie rozwijającego się w kształceniu logopedycznym
Authors: Sedivy-Mączka Katarzyna , Steczko Iwona
Published: December 2024

Opracowanie dotyczy doskonalenia studenckich umiejętności w zakresie niełatwej do przeprowadzenia analizy językowej wypowiedzi dziecka neurotypowego. Przedstawiamy wypracowany w toku zajęć ze studentami logopedii swoisty instruktaż takiej analizy. Zwracamy uwagę na sposób zbierania materiału językowego, porządek całej pracy, kolejne kroki w opisywaniu i sposób opisywania poszczególnych podsystemów języka, wreszcie na przykładowym niewielkim fragmencie wypowiedzi dziecka (dziewczynka 2;2) pokazujemy próbkę analizy, kierując uwagę na sposób interpretacji zaobserwowanych w wypowiedzi językowych faktów i budowanie wniosków.
Polyarteritis nodosa with life-threatening intracranial aneurysms in a child, and treatment with infliximab
Authors: Atamyıldız Uçar Sıla , Demir Mustafa , Sözeri Betül
Published: December 2024

Background. Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare and serious form of systemic necrotizing vasculitis that predominantly affects medium and small-sized arteries, with central nervous system involvement being particularly uncommon. Treatment strategies are tailored according to the extent and severity of the disease. While conventional therapy includes glucocorticoids and conventional disease-modifying-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs), biologic agents may be critical for severe and refractory cases.
Case. We report a case of systemic PAN in a 7-year-old girl with no prior medical history, who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and altered mental status. Initial investigations with cranial MRI and echocardiography suggested encephalitis and myocarditis, respectively. Positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in both cerebrospinal fluid and serum oriented the diagnosis towards multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Despite intensive conventional therapies with glucocorticoids, cDMARDs, and intravenous immunoglobulins, the patient’s condition deteriorated. Elevated von Willebrand factor levels, hypertension, and proteinuria emerged, along with stable intracranial hemorrhage and abdominal organ infarctions on imaging, leading to the diagnosis of PAN. Cyclophosphamide was added to the treatment regimen. Three cranial aneurysms were identified on selective conventional cranial angiography. Following angiography, severe intraparenchymal bleeding was detected, leading to emergency cranial surgery. Unresponsiveness to conventional therapeutics led to treatment escalation with a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor, infliximab, resulting in clinical stabilization and allowing for successful endovascular coil embolization.
Conclusion. This case highlights the importance of considering a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor, infliximab, in severe PAN with involvement of intracranial aneurysm.
Evaluation of metabolic syndrome components, serum uric acid levels and epicardial adipose tissue thickness in pubertal children by severity of obesity
Authors: Büyükyılmaz Gönül , Özdemir Şahan Yasemin
Published: December 2024

Background. We aimed to evaluate how the parameters used in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and parameters such as epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness, insulin resistance (IR), and serum uric acid (SUA) are affected according to the severity of obesity.
Methods. A total of 120 obese patients aged 10-18 years were classified as class 1-2-3 according to their body mass index (BMI) score. SUA was measured and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on all patients. MetS components were determined according to the International Diabetes Federation 2007 criteria. IR was calculated using homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI).
Results. HOMA-IR was higher in the class 3 group than in the class 1 (p<0.001) and class 2 groups (p<0.01). WBISI was lower in the class 3 group than in the class 1 (p=0.015) and class 2 groups (p<0.01). EAT thickness was higher in the class 3 group than in the class 1 (p<0.01) and class 2 groups (p<0.01). No significant difference was found between class 1 and 2 groups for HOMA-IR, WBISI, and EAT thickness variables. The frequency of the MetS components was similar between the class of obesity groups (p=0.702). SUA and EAT thickness were significantly higher in the group with 2 and/or more MetS components than in the group with no MetS component. EAT thickness was positively and moderately correlated with SUA levels (Rho=0.319, p<0.001).
Conclusions. A more significant increase in cardiovascular disease risk factors, especially after class 2 obesity suggests that obese people should be followed closely and necessary interventions made for the prevention and progression of obesity. SUA and EAT thickness, an important risk factor affecting the obesity-related comorbidities, are positively correlated with each other and can be used in the follow-up of obese children.
Results of an Observational Intervention Trial: A Promising Harm Reduction Approach for Persons with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders
Authors:   University Of California San Francisco, K McGirr
Published: December 2024

Background: Individuals with mental health and substance use disorders smoke at much higher rates and have lower quit rates than the general population. This observational study evaluated the impact of a novel harm reduction intervention model on tobacco use in this group.
Which is the Role of Electronic Cigarettes in the Fight Against Smoking?
Authors:   Scientific Director Of MOHRE (Mediterranean Observatory On Harm Reduction), Turin, Italy, Beatrice Fabio
Published: December 2024

The most recently published data on the effectiveness of electronic cigarettes (E-cig) in the context of risk reduction proposals are reviewed
Retrospective Study Documents Improvement in Semen Quality in Recent Years and AI Models Predict the Critical Parameters
Authors:   Florida Atlantic University, CS Fournier
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the trend of semen quality over time and develop Artificial Intelligence (AI) models to identify parameters that may determine the quality of semen samples. We combined 10,480 semen analyses carried out at one fertility clinic in Florida, USA over 24 years,
Income Growth and Industrial Landscape: Examining Mexican Household Survey Data
Authors: Hoang Linh Pham , Thuy Linh Do Thi , Archambault Steven
Published: December 2024

This research explores the economic impact of the existence of industrial sectors throughout communities in Mexico. Of particular interest is the role of maquiladora based industries, or those sectors that import materials and equipment which are then assembled, processed and manufactured into export products. The latest updated data used in the study is from Mexican Family Life Survey managed by Iberoamerican University with other partners. The nationwide household panel data was collected in three waves from 2002 to 2012, with about 8,500 households and 150 communities surveyed. The data is analyzed with the fixed effects regression approach. Results indicate that the presence of maquiladoras in the community has a negative and significant impact on the growth of household income. Of its two parts, the existence of manufacturing facilities has a significantly negative relationship with the growth of household income while assembly plants existence does not have a statistically significant impact. Other variables that indicate robust evidence of importance include the number of people in the household, the number of schools per person in the communities, and the land area per person in the household. Education of the head of household has some positive impacts on household income growth, but the results are not robust
Green Startup Policy in Vietnam: Current Status and Challenges for Sustainable Development
Authors: Danh Thang Phung
Published: December 2024

In the context of globalization and increasing awareness of climate change, green and sustainable economic development has become an inevitable trend for nations worldwide. With a strong commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Vietnam is striving to promote green startup initiatives to maximize economic potential while protecting the environment and natural resources. Policies supporting green startups play a crucial role in creating a favorable environment, fostering creativity and innovation, and enhancing the competitiveness of domestic green enterprises. However, the implementation of these policies in Vietnam still faces many challenges, including an inconsistent legal framework, fragmented support resources, and barriers in accessing capital and markets. This article aims to analyze the current state of green startup support policies in Vietnam and highlight key issues to consider during the policy formulation and implementation process.
Effect of sprouting on reduction of anti-nutritional factor in pearl millet and its potential application in food industry
Authors: Senthil Mridula , Indhu S. M. , Iyyanar K. , Vellaikumar S. , Rajendran Karthika
Published: December 2024

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a nutritionally rich, gluten-free grain with numerous health benefits, including high levels of essential amino acids, iron, zinc, and proteins. In addition, gluten-free foods made from pearl millet can help improve digestion and reduce inflammation for those sensitive to gluten. Despite its high nutritional potential, pearl millet remains underutilized in the food industry. This is partly due to the presence of anti-nutritional factors such as tannins and phytates, which lower nutrient digestibility and bioavailability. This study aimed to optimize sprouting conditions in three pearl millet genotypes viz., CO (Cu) 9, TNAU cumbu hybrid CO 9 and CO 10 to enhance nutrient availability and reduce these anti-nutritional factors. Results indicated that 12 hr soaking and 24 hr sprouting significantly reduced tannin and phytate levels while increasing nutrient bioavailability, particularly in TNAU cumbu hybrid CO 9 and CO 10. Sprouted flour of TNAU cumbu hybrid CO 9 and CO 10 recorded an increase in iron of 73.60 and 72.58 ppm and zinc of 46.56 and 46.34 ppm respectively. Besides sprouted flour had less than 1.00 Na/K ratio which might favour the regulation of blood pressure. These sprouted flour samples were then used to formulate gluten-free noodles, with different composite flours using corn flour and tapioca starch in different ratios, further texture and sensory evaluation was conducted and a 50:50 ratio of sprouted pearl millet flour and corn flour was found to be desirable. The research highlights pearl millet’s potential as a valuable, gluten-free food source with broader applications in health-conscious and specialty food markets.
Descolonização das políticas linguísticas: letramento crítico para a valorização da diversidade
Authors: Sousa Silva Shirley Adriana
Published: December 2024

Integrando perspectivas teóricas de Paulo Freire (1987; 2001; 2016), Monte Mór (2023), Monte Mór, Duboc e Ferraz (2021) e Quijano (2000; 2002), este artigo utiliza uma abordagem teórico-analítica para refletir criticamente sobre a decolonização de políticas linguísticas como meio para desafiar e reverter os efeitos do colonialismo em práticas linguísticas e educativas. Enfatiza a importância de reconhecer e valorizar a diversidade linguística, fundamental para a identidade cultural e a autonomia dos povos. Discute como políticas educacionais podem ser reformuladas para promover o multilinguismo, o respeito às línguas minorizadas e a justiça social, combatendo a exclusão epistêmica que marginaliza certos grupos.
Avaliação da depressão no puerpério imediato e tardio
Authors: Castro Ana Carolina Proxedes de , Silva Acsa Gabriela dos Reis , Couy Ana Clara Pereira Abrantes , Cruz Kríscia Lúcia da , Ventura Valéria Gomes , Mendonça Vitória Helena Carvalho Furtado de , Zimmermmann Juliana Barroso
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de depressão pós-parto em puérperas atendidas em puerpério recente e tardio. Métodos: Foram estudadas 99 puérperas atendidas em puerpério recente e tardio para avaliação de sintomas de depressão pós-parto. Para tanto, foi utilizada a Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edimburgo (EPDS). A seguir, o questionário foi reaplicado no período de puerpério tardio. Considerou-se com sintomas depressivos aquelas pacientes que somaram > 12 pontos no questionário aplicado. Todas as respostas foram transcritas em Excel e os dados estatísticos foram avaliados através do software Jamovi para Mac. Considerou-se p < 0,05. Resultados: Na avaliação no puerpério imediato, verificou-se que 31,3% (n=31) foram classificadas com sintomas depressivos e 68,7% (n=68) não apresentavam estes sintomas. A média de pontos identificados no EDPS foi de 9,49 + 9,00 pontos. No puerpério tardio, foi possível avaliar dados de 78 pacientes, já que 12 pacientes não foram localizadas. A avaliação, neste período, identificou 23 pacientes com sintomas depressivos (29,5%) e 55 pacientes sem sintomatologia depressiva (70,5%). A média de pontos foi de 9,04 + 5,95. Conclusão: A depressão pós-parto é presente na população e deve ser uma preocupação no atendimento destas pacientes.
Utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology combined with flow cytometry in extramedullary hematolymphoid lesions – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Murugan Roobashri , Manivannan Prabhu , Gochhait Debasis , Kar Rakhee , Siddaraju Neelaiah , Sahadevan Sushya
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Flow cytometry (FC) can be an adjunct to fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis and subclassification of hematolymphoid lesions. This study evaluates the utility of FC in diagnosing extramedullary hematolymphoid lesions in fine-needle aspirate samples.

Material and Methods:

This cross-sectional study enrolled patients who presented to the FNAC clinic and suspected to have hematolymphoid lesions (nodal and extra nodal lesions) from August 2020 to June 2022. Sixty-seven cases of hematolymphoid malignancies and 67 cases without hematolymphoid malignancies were included. The combined FNAC/FC diagnosis was compared with the gold standard: Biopsy, cell block, or peripheral blood/bone marrow aspirate FC.

Results:

Of 67 lymphoma cases, 63 were of the primary type and 4 were diagnosed with suspected recurrence/residual disease. Moreover, 57 cases were nodal, and 10 were extranodal. Four of the patients had discordant findings between FNAC and FC. The gold standard was available only in 56 cases, of which 5 had discordant findings between combined FNAC/FC and the gold standard. We subclassified 34 cases based on combined FNAC/FC. The five cases included anaplastic large cell lymphoma (1/5), classic Hodgkin lymphoma (3/5), and one case of atypical lymphoid hyperplasia. Non-contributory FC was attributed to the presence of large cells/necrosis/nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma/metastasis/Castleman disease/technical problem.

Conclusion:

Combining FC with FNAC enhances diagnostic accuracy and helps subclassify lymphoma. Future works should explore whether it can replace excision biopsy, especially in recurrent cases.
PR/SET domain 1 targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 regulates chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis through ferroptosis
Authors: Wu Wenjun , Ke Wenhai , Shi Weiping , Lin Ting , Lin Shenglong , Lin Minghua , Ma Huaxi , Gao Haibing
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Addressing the inhibition and reversal of chronic hepatitis B fibrosis is an urgent global challenge, which highlights the critical need to understand its underlying mechanisms. Inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is an important strategy for fibrosis reversal. In particular, the induction of ferroptosis in HSCs presents a promising avenue for curtailing liver fibrosis. Therefore, this study explores the influence of PR/SET domain 1 (PRDM1), which is a transcriptional regulator, on the progression of liver fibrosis by regulating HSC ferroptosis through glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4).

Material and Methods:

We used protein–protein interaction databases to analyze the interacting proteins of GPX4. The messenger ribonucleic acid levels of PRDM1 and GPX4 in liver tissues with varying degrees of fibrosis were examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell lines with interference and overexpression of PRDM1/GPX4 were established. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, cell proliferation capacity, as well as the expression levels of GPX4, a-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and desmin, were assessed to investigate the relationship between PRDM1 and hepatic fibrosis, as well as its impact on ferroptosis in HSCs.

Results:

A significant negative correlation was observed between the transcriptional regulator PRDM1 and GPX4. As the degree of fibrosis worsened, PRDM1 decreased significantly, whereas GPX4 increased significantly. The overexpression of PRDM1 markedly increased ROS and MDA concentrations, but it decreased cell proliferation capacity, GPX4 expression levels, and activation marker protein levels. Interference with PRDM1 yielded opposite results. The expression level of GPX4 did not affect PRMD1 expression levels. Compared with cells with single interference of PRDM1, simultaneous interference with PRDM1 and GPX4 significantly inhibited the activity and proliferation capacity of HSCs. It also elevated ROS activity and MDA concentrations. When ferroptosis inhibitors were added, ROS activity and MDA concentrations decreased, and the proliferation capacity and activity of HSCs increased. Opposite results were obtained when PRDM1 and GPX4 were overexpressed simultaneously.

Conclusion:

PRDM1 is implicated in the occurrence and progression of hepatic fibrosis. It may act as an upstream regulatory factor of GPX4, which exerts control over ferroptosis by suppressing the transcription of GPX4. Ultimately, the activation of HSCs is promoted.
Geniposide alleviates post-myocardial infarction-induced pyroptosis by modulating the thioredoxin-interacting protein/NLRP3 signaling pathway
Authors: Jiang Youqin , Su Yao , Li Chen , Jiang Weiwei , Wei Yang , Chang Guanglei , Liu Ya , He Honghong
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Geniposide (GP) provides myocardial cells with protection against pyroptosis-induced damage. However, the mechanisms governing GP’s effect on the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway remain unclear. This study aimed to explore how GP alleviates post-myocardial infarction (MI)-induced pyroptosis through regulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway.

Material and Methods:

In vivo studies: MI models were established, mouse body weight, heart rate, and blood glucose levels were monitored, and methods, such as cardiac ultrasound, hematoxylin–eosin staining, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nick end labeling staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and Western blot (WB), were used to explore the effect of GP on myocardial cell pyroptosis. We explored the role of NLRP3 in GP’s antimyocardial cell pyroptosis through qPCR, WB, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and other methods. In vitro studies: A chronic hypoxia (CH) cell model was established, and detection methods, such as cell counting kit-8 assay, transmission electron microscopy, ELISA, and immunological assays, were used to explore the effects of GP on CH myocardial cell pyroptosis and GP’s inhibition of the TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway to resist CH myocardial cell pyroptosis.

Results:

In vivo studies revealed that after the treatment with GP, the infarct area of mice’s hearts significantly decreased, cardiac structure and function notably improved, fibroblast proliferation in cardiac tissues decreased significantly, and the pyroptosis level of myocardial cells decreased. GP treatment significantly downregulated the expression levels of type I collagen (Col I), Col III, TXNIP NLRP3, caspase-1, and gasdermin D N-terminal (GSDMD-N). The inhibition of NLRP3 also reduced the expressions of NLRP3, TXNIP, caspase-1, and GSDMD-N in the cardiac tissue, which is concomitant with a decline in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, in vitro studies unveiled that GP effectively alleviated pyroptosis in CH myocardial cells, reducing pyroptosis rates, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase-muscle/brain levels. This protective effect was achieved by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

GP greatly diminishes the extent of infarcted myocardial tissue and mitigates pyroptosis, which improves cardiac structure and function through modulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway. Furthermore, the inhibition of NLRP3 lowers the expressions of factors associated with pyroptosis in the cardiac tissue and reduces ROS production.
Correlation of patient characteristics with peak enhancement time for pediatric cardiac computed tomography in congenital heart disease
Authors: Visakh T. , Priya P. S. , Panakkal Nitika C. , Banga Gunjan , Prakashini Koteshwar
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) plays a key role in diagnosing congenital heart disease (CHD), emphasizing the need for specialized protocols in newborns due to CHD’s complexity. The aim is to explore the relationship between peak enhancement time (PET) and various parameters during CHD assessment with CCT.

Material and Methods:

The study involved 38 CHD patients undergoing CCT, with observations made on their heart rate, respiratory rate, saturation, cardiac output, weight, height, and age. The PET for each case was determined, and Spearman’s rank correlation was employed to evaluate the association between these parameters and the PET.

Results:

The median PET was 20.63 s, with a mean aortic Hounsfield unit of 512.16 ± 160.56. A moderate negative correlation was found between PET and both heart rates (r = −0.42, P = 0.009) and respiratory rates (r = −0.41, P = 0.01), whereas a negligible positive correlation (r = 0.19, P = 0.25) was observed with SpO2. A moderate positive correlation was noted between PET and both weight (r = 0.44, P = 0.005) and height (r = 0.40, P = 0.01). In addition, there were significant differences in median PET across different age categories.

Conclusion:

The findings conclude that PET during CCT is significantly associated with heart rate and respiratory rate. An increase in these rates corresponds to a notable decrease in PET. Consequently, the study recommends minimizing scan delays in CCT for patients exhibiting higher heart rates.
The City in Words across Time: A Corpus-Based Literary Approach Using Istanbul as a Case Study
Authors: Ramil Asmaa
Published: December 2024

This paper examines how a combination of qualitative literary analysis and corpus methods (mainly, collocation analysis) can shed light on the changing representations of a city across different temporal and cultural contexts. Using Istanbul as a case study, it examines the portrayal of the city in three literary works spanning more than a century: Pierre Loti’s Aziyadé (1879), Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’s The Time Regulation Institute (1961) and Orhan Pamuk’s Istanbul: Memories and the City (2003). The study explores how each author portrays the city through a distinct lens – Loti’s Orientalist gaze, Tanpınar’s modernist reflection, and Pamuk’s postmodern engagement. It highlights how macro literary narratives and micro linguistic patterns (mainly, on the word level) interact to construct images of the city, reflecting socio-political dynamics and demonstrating the interplay among tradition, memory and change in shaping Istanbul’s individual and collective cultural identities from the late 19th century to the early beginnings of the 21st. The paper considers the tensions between the past, the present and the in-between, highlighting how literature interacts with these tensions to construct and deconstruct the image of Istanbul across time. While the focus is on Istanbul, the methods and insights offered here provide a flexible framework for analysing representations of other cities.
Peculiarities of creating a map of green areas in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk using the NextGIS GIS environment
Authors: Teslenok S. A. , Frolov A. S.
Published: December 2024

Relevance: green areas (especially in an urban environment) perform many ecosystem and social functions to maintain and improve the condition and quality of the environment of settlements, as well as the comfort of the population living in them. Green spaces in urban areas require monitoring and inventory using special software, remote sensing and global positioning materials, geographic information systems and technologies. The purpose was to create a map of green spaces in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk (using the pilot area of the Yugra State University (YuSU)). The tasks were to develop and implement the GIS database “Green Necklace of the YuSU”; design and create a preliminary map of green spaces on the territory of the YuSU. Methods: a review and analysis of literary and Internet sources on the topic being studied, processing of satellite images, geoinformation mapping. Result. GIS databases “Green Necklace to the YuSU” was developed and created, a preliminary map of the university’s green spaces was designed and compiled. Conclusions. The results obtained may be useful in the future for the administration of Khanty-Mansiysk in municipal services planning, organizing and conducting activities to make an inventory of green spaces in settlements and expand their area.
Social and Urban Sustainability in Scandinavian Urbanism
Authors: Bollano Sabina , Lubonja Otjela , Golgota Boriana
Published: December 2024

This study examines the complex relationship between social and urban sustainability in the context of Scandinavian urbanism. Scandinavian cities, known for their leadership in global sustainability efforts, serve as models for creating strong and sustainable urban communities. The research focuses on the fundamental values and inclusive urban planning tactics that shape Scandinavian urbanism's social sustainability, such as community involvement, social harmony, and participatory decision-making. Additionally, the paper explores Scandinavian approaches to merging urban development with the natural environment, including the incorporation of green spaces, efficient public transportation, sustainable architecture, and renewable energy sources. The findings highlight the role of technology and innovation in Scandinavian urban planning, showcasing the use of smart city initiatives and digital solutions to foster progressive, sustainable, and technologically advanced urban environments. The paper presents a convincing argument for the global significance of the Scandinavian model of urban sustainability, providing insights that can motivate urban planners, decision-makers, and scholars worldwide in their quest for sustainable and resilient urban progress.
Autism is not a Disease of Definitive Cure but it is a Typical Disease of Definite Prevention
Authors: Nasrat Abdullah M
Published: December 2024

Aim: Demonstration of a possible role of Helicobacter pylori in the etio-pathology of autism that makes prevention of the disease possible. Background: H. pylori was suggested as a reason related to many medical challenges. H. pylori when forced to migrate to the colon due to the antibiotic violence; the accumulated H. pylori-produced colonic ammonia in profuse amounts conforms with the elevated serum ammonia among autistic children and its toxic effect with the hypothesis of the entire brain compromise suggested in autism. Interestingly, kids develop H. pylori trans-familial during the time of weaning which is the typical timing of developing autistic features. Ammonia is the producer of nitric oxide in the gut via a shear stress effect while nitric oxide is a cure and a poison at the mean time; that is in normal residual levels it is healthy while in excess amounts it is toxic. This could explain the early brilliant behaviors in some autistic kids which are followed by loss of skills later. A striking observation has been emphasized by some study where all parents of the autistic kids of that study were having frank H. pylori dyspepsia, the kids were also positive for H. pylori fecal antigen and some kids were recovered from prodromal symptoms via early colon clear from the colonic H. pylori strains. Conclusion: Autism then, when established, is not a disease of definitive cure but it could be a typical disease of definite prevention via protection from transmission of parents H. pylori strains to kids.
The Identity of Sub-Sahara African Christians in Finland
Authors: Banyanga Jean Nubaha
Published: December 2024

Finland has become a culturally plural and complex society, with many people of different cultural backgrounds having migrated to the country for various reasons. As of the end of December 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of African foreign residents was approximately 42,408 (Statistic Finland, 2022). Although this proportion is not as large as in other European countries, it shows a constant growth of the foreign population in the relatively traditional and culturally homogeneous society. In a situation of displacement and conflict, the search for a comfort zone and identity is very important. Moreover, the issues of identity and interactions between newcomers and the local populations have become a key concern in every society. This study aims to investigate the identity of sub-Saharan African Christians and its implications for Finnish society. The argument is presented through an analysis of existing literature and documents on the matter. In this study, the term "African Christians" is used to include all Christian people from sub-Saharan Africa who consider themselves black Africans or Afrique Noires, regardless of their cultural or national origin. Moreover, while the terms anglophone and francophone are often used in literature, the term “Pan-African” is used in this study to emphasize relatedness and closeness to Sub-Saharan Africa.