bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Essential oil of Xylopia frutescens Aubl. controlling phytopathogens that cause diseases in maize and cowpea bean plants
Authors: Carlos Mourão Dalmarcia de Souza , Araújo Sabrina Helena da Cruz , Dias Bruna Leticia , Neitzke Taila Renata , Miranda Dheime Ribeiro , Nascimento Ildon  Rodrigues do , Alves Marcos Vinicius Giongo , Moraes Cristiano Bueno de , Câmara Marcos Paz Saraiva , Santos Gil Rodrigues dos
Published: August 2024

The species Xylopia frutescens is a plant that inhabits the Cerrado Biome. The objective of the work was to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of the essential oil of this species in controlling diseases in maize and cowpea bean plants. The essential oil was obtained using the hydrodistillation and its chemical composition was determined through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS).. The essential oil of X. frutescens in vitro, at concentrations of 7.5 and 10%, inhibited 76% of the mycelial growth of Curvularia lunata, demonstrating fungistatic activity. On the other hand, for Rhizoctonia solani, there was total inhibition from a concentration of 5%, confirming its toxicity to the phytopathogen. Furthermore, from a concentration of 2.5% there was phytotoxicity. At a concentration of 1% there was greater inhibition of the germination of C. lunata conidia. For R. solani, there was 100% inhibition of mycelial growth, demonstrating its fungitoxic action. In the composition of the essential oil, 20 chemical constituents were identified, with β-pinone and spathulenol being the main compounds. The preventive application of X. frutescens essential oil proved to be efficient in controlling the diseases Curvularia leaf spot in maize and web blight of cowpea bean.
Graphene synthesis and its implications on electrical properties: a comparative study
Authors: Silva Isomar , Cunha Marinaldo , Nascimento Nayra , Valadão Suelem , Pimentel Denis , Silva Flávio , Junior Renato , Padua Gabriel , Rocha Gabriela , Neto José
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of graphene synthesis techniques, such as chemical exfoliation, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) on electrical conductivity. The objective is to understand how variations in synthesis methods influence the morphology of graphene and, consequently, its electrical characteristics. Description techniques are explored in detail to identify how each process affects the structure and electrical performance of graphene. The results indicate that chemical exfoliation introduces more damage to the graphene structure, generally its electrical conductivity, while the CVD method tends to produce graphene with greater uniformity and superior conductivity. LPE, on the other hand, offers a balance between quality and production efficiency, making it particularly promising for large-scale applications. The study provides valuable information for the selection of description methods based on specific graphene application requirements. The discoveries could facilitate the development of more efficient materials for advanced electronics, contributing to the optimization of industrial graphene production processes and promoting advanced advances in materials technology.
Multi-criteria Decision-Making methods to evaluate urban environmental quality: a scoping review
Authors: Borja Pimenta Lianne , Beltrão Norma Ely Santos , De Oliveira Renata Melo e Silva , Gomes Dênis José Cardoso
Published: August 2024

Urban quality of life is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As cities worldwide strive to enhance this, it becomes essential to track their progress in Environmental Urban Quality of Life (EUQoL). This review examines the key performance criteria and indicators from 47 articles on the Science Direct Platform between 2019 and 2022. We explore nine decision-making techniques integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess EUQoL. These methods include Analytic Hierarchy Process, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, Combined Compromise Solution, Best Worst Method, Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment, Preference Ranking Method for Enrichment Evaluation, VIsekriterijumsko Kompromisno Rangiranje, Elimination and Choice Translating Reality, and Multiattribute Value Theory. Our findings provide a rich insight into EUQoL assessment tools, offering a robust guide for policymakers and urban planners to elevate city living standards.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN LIDAH MERTUA (Sansivieria tirfasciata var.laurentii) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsilla pneumonia
Authors: Fitriani Audiah , Sawitri Nining Eka , Khatrina Syahdapuan Dara , Nadifah Fitri , Arisandi Desto
Published: August 2024

Daun lidah mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata var. Laurentii) mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, steroid yang diketahui memiliki sifat antibakteri yang dapat merusak dinding sel mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun lidah mertua terhadap pertumbuhan Klebsiella pneumonia berdasarkan zona hambat. Jenis penelitian true experimental design dengan rancangan one-short case study. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun lidah mertua menggunakan metode difusi dengan konsentrasi 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat. Rata-rata zona hambat ekstrak daun lidah mertua pada konsentrasi 60% (8 mm), 70% (8,5 mm), dan 80% (9 mm) termasuk kategori sedang, pada konsentasi 90% (10,5 mm) dan 100% (13,5 mm) termasuk kategori kuat, sedangkan Kontrol positif (klorampenikol) menunjukkan rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 29 mm (sangat kuat). Pemberian ekstrak daun lidah mertua memiliki potensi dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteriKlebsiella pneumonia.
Una historia a contrapelo. Comentario al libro Rivas, Ramón, (2019), Los hechos en El Mozote. Una revisión histórica y antropológica, San Salvador, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador
Authors: Urbina Gaitán Chester
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de la investigación histórica radica en la reconstrucción del pasado, pero esta recuperación se realiza con representaciones o huellas que quedaron del pasado sean poéticas o ficticias o científicas y racionales.
Crónica de viaje: Conversaciones sobre el Rabinal Achí con Isabel Piux Ixmalej, mayordomo de la festividad
Authors: Martínez Julio
Published: August 2024

El texto es una crónica sobre una visita a la Baja Verapaz, al municipio de Rabinal, centro de la danza Rabinal Achí, la que trata sobre los orígenes de los habitantes de este pueblo y las relaciones bélicas entre los Poquom y los Achí. En paralelo, está la religiosidad de Isabel Piux, quien es un guardián cultural y mayordomo de la cofradía del Santísimo, con una profunda devoción, y un pensamiento, mezcla entre lo ancestral originario y lo cristiano.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA ÀS CONDIÇÕES DE SAÚDE DAS PESSOAS EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Martins Lucas , Costa João , Ferreira Luís , Cunha Kauan , Dias Felipe , Neder Patrícia
Published: August 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A falta de moradia adequada afeta a saúde física e mental e oportunidades de vida da População em Situação de Rua (PSR) no Brasil, associando-se a diversos problemas biopsicossociais. A alta vulnerabilidade dessa população exige foco em intervenções e pesquisa na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) para abordar seus desafios. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se verificar a importância da APS às condições de saúde e de vida dos moradores de rua no Brasil. METODOLOGIA: Configura-se como uma revisão narrativa da literatura realizada pela busca dos descritores “Atenção Primária à Saúde” e “Pessoas em Situação de Rua” nas bases de dados BVS e SciELO. Foram incluídos estudos originais, revisionais e relatos de caso publicados entre 2017 e 2022 no idioma português. RESULTADO: Foram encontradas 74 publicações nas bases de dados, sendo 13 relevantes para a pesquisa. Nove estudos foram incluídos no texto final, com referência à Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos e à Lei n. 13.714.  DISCUSSÃO: A situação de rua no Brasil é marcada por violações de direitos, desigualdades sociais e negligência estatal e acadêmica, afetando a saúde da PSR. A dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde, a estigmatização e o preconceito contribuem para sua vulnerabilidade. A APS por meio de ações como Consultórios na Rua e Centros POP, desempenha um papel fundamental na promoção, prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento da PSR. A legislação, como a Lei 13.714, busca garantir o atendimento das pessoas em situação de rua no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde, mas estigmas persistem. A APS objetiva integrar a PSR ao sistema de saúde, promovendo a sua cidadania e a melhoria das suas condições de vida.  CONCLUSÃO: A APS, através de ações como os Consultórios na Rua e os Centros POP, desempenha um papel crucial na melhoraria da saúde e das oportunidades de vida da PSR.
SEED POWDER OF STRYCHNOS POTATORUM AS A NEW NATURAL EMULSIFYING AGENT
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam - 530 049, Andhra Pradesh, India, Rao G. Chandra Sekhara , K Sampath ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam - 530 049, Andhra Pradesh, India, Rani M Vandana ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam - 530 049, Andhra Pradesh, India, Rao Y. Srinivasa ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam - 530 049, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: August 2024

Stable emulsions represent an effective formulation approach for masking the bitter taste of many drugs. Due to some unwanted side effects observed recently, synthetic surfactants are facing disfavor during the formulation of emulsions. The present study was undertaken to assess the potential of the traditional medicinal plant Strychnos potatorum seed powder as a new natural emulsifying agent. Physicochemical properties of the seed powder, acacia and tragacanth were compared. Castor oil emulsions were prepared by wet-gum method, using seed powder and gum acacia at different concentrations. The physical stability of the prepared emulsions was evaluated by freeze-thaw cycling and centrifugation methods. The results were graphically represented and summarized. In the centrifugation, the lowest volumes of aqueous phase were separated for F1 and F7 emulsions. The results showed that the seed powder of S. potatorum could be utilized as a promising alternative natural emulsifying agent.
Analisis Keterampilan Inovasi Produk Oleh Pelaku Usaha Kuliner Nagari Pasia Laweh Kecamatan Palupuh
Authors: Sukmawati Renti , Rahmi Rahmi
Published: August 2024

One of the pillars of a region's economic strength is the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector. Seeing the phenomenon of MSME in Nagari Pasia Laweh which creates jobs and makes an important contribution to trade, especially for micro businesses operating in the culinary sector. In creating a good business, innovation is needed that can improve the performance of business actors, but there are still business actors who have not innovated their products. Culinary business actors who have innovated their products certainly experience several problems and obstacles. The aim of this research is to find out and analyze the product innovation skills of culinary business actors and to find out the obstacles or constraints in innovating culinary business products in Nagari Pasia Laweh, Palupuh District. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. Data obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research are that 10 out of 12 business actors have carried out product innovations in the form of adding menu variants. The obstacles experienced during product innovation were 2 business actors being constrained by a lack of facilities and infrastructure, 3 business actors experiencing a lack of labor which resulted in a long time for the production process, 3 business actors being constrained by the distance to the location of purchasing complete raw materials and meat grinding for the actors. businesses that need it and 10 out of 12 business actors who have carried out product innovation are constrained by costs because they have to buy additional equipment and raw materials for the production process.
ALUR KERJA BAGIAN SECTION SALES CONTROL DAN ACCOUNT PAYABLE PADA DEPARTEMENT ACCOUNTING & FINANCE PT. AEROFOOD INDONESIA UNIT DENPASAR
Authors: Wahyuni Komang Tri , Lestari IGA Krisna
Published: August 2024

PT.Aerofood Indonesia merupakan sebuah industri yang bergerak dibidang jasa pelayanan makanan penerbangan (inflightcatering). Perusahaan tersebutmerupakan salah satu unit bisnis di bawah PT. Aerowisata yang merupakan anak perusahaan maskapai nasional Garuda Indonesia. PT. Aerofood Indonesia Unit Denpasar mengalami kemajuan pesat dengan peningkatan jumlah karyawan menjadi 600 orang dan armada HI-Lift Truck sebanyak 10 buah. Jumlah karyawan terus meningkat hingga 1357 orang pada tahun 1992-1997, karena permintaan yang terus bertambah.
Dalam kegiatan operasional di Departement Finance & Accounting pada PT. Aerofood Indonesia unit Denpasar menitikberatkan pada section Sales Control karena hasil proses penjualan perusahaan akan dikerjakan dan diproses oleh bagian ini.  Sales control PT. Aerofood Indonesia unit Denpasar meliputi kegiatan pelaporan sales perusahaan setiap harinya, menginput setiap transaksi penjualan perusahaan, membuat billing (tagihan) ke customer, serta merekap hasil penjualan perusahaan setiap bulannya sehingga menghasilkan laporan sales perusahaan. Demikian pula pada bagian  Account Payable : bertugas untuk mengumpulkan semua Purchase Order (PO) dan invoice yang telah disetujui, mengolah PO tersebut, memastikan pembayaran sesuai dengan kontrak perjanjian yang telah ditetapkan, membuat laporan rekapitulasi setiap bulan.Kedua bagian ini memegang peranan penting dalam proses penjualan katering dan pembelian bahan baku katering.
Comportamento do consumidor de alimentos orgânicos: um estudo sobre a influência da orientação para a saúde e das normas subjetivas
Authors: Dolores Odair Paniago , Oliveira Alessandro Silva de , Souki Gustavo Quiroga , Boas Luiz Henrique de Barros Vilas , Borges Richardson Coimbra , Campos Rita de Cássia Leal , Silva Matheus Alberto Rodrigues
Published: August 2024

A busca por estilos de vida saudáveis e sustentáveis tem impulsionado a demanda por alimentos orgânicos. Essa mudança de comportamento se deve à crescente conscientização sobre os impactos da alimentação na saúde individual e no meio ambiente. No entanto, apesar do crescente interesse, o consumo de produtos orgânicos ainda é relativamente baixo, especialmente quando comparado a outras categorias de alimentos. Compreender os fatores que impulsionam a escolha por alimentos orgânicos é crucial para o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes de produção, comunicação e marketing. Embora estudos anteriores tenham explorado a influência de fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos, o papel das normas subjetivas e da orientação para a saúde nesse contexto ainda necessita de maior aprofundamento. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o comportamento do consumidor de alimentos orgânicos no que tange às influências das normas subjetivas e a sua orientação para a saúde. Utilizando uma abordagem quantitativa e descritiva, um questionário estruturado foi distribuído online para uma amostra não-probabilística por conveniência. Os resultados revelaram que, embora as normas subjetivas tenham pouco impacto nas decisões de compra dos consumidores de alimentos orgânicos, a orientação para a saúde desempenha um papel significativo. Os consumidores demonstraram uma forte preocupação em cuidar de sua saúde e manter uma alimentação saudável, influenciando suas escolhas alimentares. Análises adicionais podem ser realizadas para identificar diferentes segmentos de mercado com base nos níveis de orientação para a saúde e influência das normas subjetivas, sugerindo oportunidades para estratégias de marketing e comunicação direcionadas. Este estudo contribui para uma compreensão mais profunda do comportamento do consumidor em relação aos alimentos orgânicos, fornecendo insights valiosos para produtores, varejistas e formuladores de políticas interessados em promover escolhas alimentares mais conscientes e sustentáveis.
IMPLEMENTASI PERMAINAN KALKULATOR JARI UNTUK MELATIH NUMERASI ANAK USIA DINI DI TK PERTIWI KUALA TUNGKAL
Authors: Harianja Sri Indriani , Kartika Wafa , Septiani Nurlaily
Published: August 2024

This research was motivated by the need to develop a mathematics learning approach that is in accordance with the characteristics of early childhood development. The focus of this research is the implementation of finger calculator games as an innovative method in improving numeracy and social interaction of children at the Early Childhood Education (ECCE) level. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of finger calculator games on the development of numeracy skills, understanding of basic mathematical concepts, intrinsic motivation, and social interaction of children in TK Pertiwi Kuala Tungkal. The research method used was qualitative experimental involving 15 early childhood children as participants in Pertiwi Kindergarten. Data was collected through intensive observation, interviews, and analysis of calculator game results. This approach provides a holistic picture of the impact of play on children's development. The observations indicated a significant improvement in the numeracy skills and understanding of basic mathematical concepts of the children. In addition, children's intrinsic motivation towards numeracy activities increased markedly, reflected by the constant enthusiasm during the game sessions. Social interaction among children also improved, with increased courage in sharing ideas and cooperation in completing mathematical tasks. This study concluded that finger calculator games are effective in increasing numeracy and social interaction of children in Pertiwi Kindergarten. The positive results show the potential of play as an engaging learning tool that can be integrated into the ECCE curriculum. The practical implications of this research could form the basis for the development of broader game-based learning approaches in early childhood education institutions.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHASA ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI MENYIMAK DAN MENGUNGKAPKAN KATA DENGAN “GAMBAR BERSERI”
Authors: Maarif Nina Nuriyah , Fajriyah Nur Indah , Sholichah Riyadlotus
Published: August 2024

The use of interesting and colorful series of images can help children to concentrate more on learning activities. Serial image media was chosen as the best solution to overcome this problem because serial image media has an important role in clarifying the intention of the storyline, so that children can understand the meaning of the image more youthfully based on the order of the story contained in the image. This study is a quantitative research, which involves numbers, starting from data collection, interpretation of and the data, as well as the appearance of the results. This study uses a saturated sampling technique, because the population is not greater than 30 respondents, namely 21 students of Dharma Wanita Kindergarten School of Sukowati Bungah Gresik Association. This study shows that there is a significant influence with the application of serial images on the ability to listen and express words in group A children at Kindergarten Dharma Wanita Persatuan Bungah Gresik This is shown by the value of sig. (2-Tailed) 0.000 < 0.05. This means that between the variables of the application of serial images to the ability to listen and express words, there is a significant linear relationship.  Meanwhile, from the simple linear regression test, the meaning of the influence of the independent variable on the bound variable is 20.3%. It can also be seen from the significance value obtained, which is 0.000 less than 0.05, meaning that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, meaning that there is an influence between the series of images on the ability to listen and express words.
Prediksi Kanker Darah Menggunakan Metode Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Istiqomah Hani , Purwono Purwono , Ardianto Rian
Published: August 2024

Leukemia pada anak-anak di Indonesia menjadi perhatian serius dalam bidang kesehatan karena variasi tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan dampak negatif dari pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan deteksi dini dan pengelolaan leukemia pada anak-anak melalui penerapan metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Metode yang digunakan adalah arsitektur MobileNetV2 untuk mengklasifikasikan gambar sel darah terkait kanker darah. Dataset yang digunakan berisi 3257 gambar sel darah yang telah dipreproses menjadi resolusi 300x300 piksel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi CNN dengan arsitektur MobileNetV2 menghasilkan akurasi 95.6%, presisi 94.8%, recall 96.2%, dan F1-score 95.5%. Evaluasi model menggunakan confusion matrix menunjukkan tingkat kesalahan yang rendah dalam klasifikasi gambar normal dan leukemia, menyoroti efisiensi dan efektivitas MobileNetV2 dalam klasifikasi gambar medis.
Common issues and challenges to collect socio-demographic and economic mHealth data by BRAC community health workers
Authors: Islam Naimul , Patwary Monzur Morshed , Hasan Tanvir , Qayyum Zahidul
Published: August 2024

Introduction Today, data-driven decision-making is perceived as one of the most crucial elements of an organization’s success. The health program of BRAC, the world’s largest non-governmental development organization based in Bangladesh introduced a new mHealth application in 2020 to digitize data collected from over 80 million individuals. Through extensive door-to-door health promotion, diverse facilities, programs, and dedicated workers, it reaches 80 million people across Bangladesh. Methodology Covering 61 districts with 18 million households (HHs) in Bangladesh, our research employs a multi-method approach, incorporating quantitative analysis (randomly selecting 388 households) and qualitative insights gathered from in-depth interviews with 24 Community Health Workers (CHWs). The analysis highlights missing data and irregularities in indicators such as financial status and contact numbers. Results CHWs encounter challenges in engaging reluctant community members, especially when it comes to sharing sensitive information. The study found 38% missing values in HH financial status, 84% missing value in NID or Birth ID, 39-70% missing values of assets information, and 77% missing values in household contact phone numbers. Interviews with CHWs highlight challenges in collecting accurate data due to reluctance from community members to share personal information, difficulties in accessing mobile numbers, NID, and providing intentional or unintentional misinformation. Discussion In delving into these challenges, it becomes apparent that relying on housewives for data introduces risks. Gathering information from neighbors when household members are unavailable increases the likelihood of errors. Some CHWs adopt unconventional methods, like taking screenshots or using paper records, potentially leading to mistakes during data entry. Difficulty in submitting forms with missing values prompts CHWs to use guesswork, compromising data accuracy. Conclusion Despite the benefits of mHealth tools, challenges persist in ensuring accurate data collection. This study offers valuable insights for improving data collection strategies, particularly in low- to middle-income countries.
Pengaruh Fasilitas Belajar dan Lingkungan Keluarga Terhadap Motivasi Belajar IPS Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Laoli Natal Elviana , Zendrato Putri Sejahtera , Waruwu Welman Kristian , Zendrato Fani Obertin , Hia Sofiani , Waruwu Datatuwu Pratama , Zebua Rohani Handayani , Gulo Syanti Maria , Harefa Edward
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of learning facilities and family environment on the social science (IPS) learning outcomes of class IV students. This research was conducted using quantitative research methods, where data was collected through questionnaires distributed to 78 students at SDN 071015 Alo'oa. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed using validity tests, classical assumption tests, hypothesis tests and multiple linear regression techniques to determine relationships and contribution of each independent variable to the dependent variable. The research results show that learning facilities have a significant and positive influence on students' social studies learning outcomes.  Apart from that, the family environment was also found to have a significant influence on social studies learning outcomes. Family support, whether in the form of motivation, academic guidance, or providing learning resources, has been proven to improve student learning achievement
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Project Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS Kelas V
Authors: Valensi Bunga , Rahmi Ulfia , Zen Zelhendri , Anugrah Septriyan
Published: August 2024

This research aims to develop Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on Project Based Learning (PjBL) in improving learning outcomes in class V science subjects. The research method used is research and development using the 4D model. Research stages include define, design, development, and disseminate. The instruments used in this research were observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The validity test was carried out by 3 validators, namely 2 media validators and 1 material validator.  Based on the results of the needs analysis, PjBL-based LKPD teaching materials are needed to improve student learning outcomes. The practicality test was carried out on 24 class V students of SD Negeri 14 Belanti Barat with the aim of finding out the practicality and effectiveness of the product. The results obtained by 2 media experts were 4.18 in the "very feasible" category. The material validation results obtained were 4.9 in the "very suitable" category. The practicality test results obtained a score of 4.35 in the "very practical" category. The results of the effectiveness test using classical completeness showed that of the 24 students who completed there were 20 students with a percentage of 83% exceeding the requirements for classical completeness, namely ≥ 75% of students who completed their learning results. This shows that the use of LKPD can improve their learning outcomes significantly
Thoracic outlet syndrome: a survey of operative practice amongst vascular surgeons
Authors: Al-Saadi N , Shalan A , Elbasty A , Popplewell M , Wall M , Pherwani AD , Smith F , Fligelstone L , Garnham A
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) poses a significant challenge in clinical management due to its varied presentation and impact on patients’ quality of life. Currently, there are no standardised guidelines used for the management of these patients and guide surgical intervention. This survey aimed to assess practices related to the pre-, peri-, and postoperative management of patients with TOS amongst vascular surgeons. Methods: This online cross-sectional survey was designed and distributed to vascular surgeons at consultant or specialist registrar levels. The survey was designed by two vascular surgery trainees and validated by vascular surgery consultants with a specialist interest in TOS. Data collection occurred over eight months through an online survey platform, and responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and narrative analysis. Results: The survey was completed by 81 vascular surgeons. This included 55 consultant-level and 26 speciality registrar-level surgeons, primarily from the UK. Most survey respondents (86%) reported that their centre performed surgical decompression for TOS. The median number of cases performed by each centre annually was eight. Venous and neurogenic TOS were the most reported indications for surgical intervention (78%) and the supraclavicular approach was the most frequently used operative approach (87%). There did not appear to be any standardisation in postoperative management or follow-up, including reporting of treatment outcomes. Conclusions: This survey highlights the significant variability in pre- and postoperative practices related to TOS among vascular surgeons. Further research, including observational studies, is needed to better understand the relationship of assessment, surgical approaches and perioperative care with patient outcomes to help guide future practice.
Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder in an Adopted Child with Tourette Syndrome
Authors: Veeraraghavan Vishnupriya
Published: August 2024

Conversion disorder is featured by the presence of deficits affecting the motor and sensory functions without any organic basis. It excludes the symptoms fully explainable by a general medical condition, substance abuse or culturally sanctioned behaviour. It mimics a neurological disorder. Dissociative/conversion disorders affect nearly 31% of children and adolescents. These children experience pivotal impairments in their academics, and daily functioning. Incidence of psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety and depression is high in these population. Pseudoseizures followed by motor symptoms were the common presentations of conversion disorder in adolescents in India. Few of the other symptoms are weakness, aphonia, gait disturbances, abnormal movements, loss of vision and severe pain. Hysteria was observed to be the commonest neurotic disorder in children. Conversion disorder is by far the commonest form of somatoform disorder found in children. Latest research proves neural correlates for persons with genetic susceptibility for conversion symptoms. Study by Kozlowska states that larger grey matter volume in the supplementary motor area, superior temporal gyrus, and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex reflects the genetic variability that predisposes the children to react to psychological stress with functional neurological symptoms. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 23(7), August 2022: 1-5.
The Association between Years of Study with Depression among University Students in Borneo, Malaysia
Authors: Zulkafli Nurul Syeema , Ali Nur Faizah , Raduan Nor Jannah Nasution
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Depression is currently one of the significant mental health problems worldwide. Depression can lead to multiple emotional and physical issues and decrease a person's ability to function. It affects someone's feelings, thoughts, and actions. Evidence shows that the prevalence of depression is higher among university students than the average population, with those in Asian countries being more severely affected. This study aims to determine the prevalence and levels of depression among students in a public university in Sabah and to measure the various associated factors with depression which include the year of study they were in. Methods: This is a crosssectional study with 260 respondents from a public university in Borneo, Malaysia. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure the level of depression. The sociodemographic questionnaire was included for sociodemographic profiling, particularly the year of study they were in at the time of the study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQM) was used to assess physical activity. Participants answered the given questionnaires through Google form. Binary logistic regression was used to test the associations between depression and variables of interest while adjusting for confounders. Results: Findings showed the prevalence of depression among university students in a public university in Borneo was 82%, with 46% having mild depression, 30.0% having moderate depression, 17.9% having moderate-severe depression, and 6.1% having severe depression. The year of study was significantly associated with depression. Students in Year 1 and Year 2 were two to three times more likely to experience a higher level of depression than those in Year 3 and Year 4. (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.25, 4.06). Conclusion: Given that junior students were more prone to a higher level of depression due to adjustment factors, the university and health care providers should target this group while implementing programs and interventions. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 23(11), November, 2022; 1-9.
A COGNITIVE INTERPRETATION OF ARJUNA'S DEPRESSION IN CONTEXT OF MAHABHARATA
Authors: Gupt Dinesh Kumar , Panchal Sandeep
Published: August 2024

This article is an attempt to interpret the Arjuna’s state in battlefield of Kurukshetra. Arjuna showed an impression of depression due to approach-avoidance conflict. It has been tried to explain how he feels during the psychological state of depression and how he logically tries to defend his denial for not fighting for the sake of Dharma. The cognitive analysis was used to interpret the symptoms sighted by Arjuna. The article provides a new perspective for the cognitive interpretation of Arjuna Vishad Yoga given in Bhagwat Gita. Lastly, the paper highlighted depression, antecedents, conflict, and the psychological state of Arjuna.
The Plea of Sovereign Immunity in Defence of a New York Convention Award Before the US Superior Courts: Process & Industrial Development v. The Federal Republic of Nigeria (P&ID v. FRN)
Authors: Ibekwe Patrick I.
Published: August 2024

The sovereign immunity defence is a plea that had long served sovereign Convention awarddebtors well across jurisdictions worldwide. Although there was a noticeable gradual whittling down of its influence in several jurisdictions in the 1950s and 1960s, the unwary arbitration stakeholder might be mistaken to assume that the principle has gone extinct in popular arbitration jurisdictions. The United States appears to be one jurisdiction where the sovereign immunity plea has recently enjoyed a resurgence; in virtue of the subtle but practical distinction that American superior courts [in their interpretation of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA), 1976], have drawn between the jurisdiction to entertain suits against a sovereign, founded on commercial activity involving the sovereign, and the jurisdiction to order execution upon the assets of the sovereign. The upshot of how US superior courts have interpreted the Act is that, while subjectmatter jurisdiction invests the US courts with power to entertain suits against a sovereign (as regards their commercial relations), they lack the corresponding power to order execution against the sovereign’s assets. Put differently, the sovereign has executional immunity over their assets but lacks subject matter immunity to be sued before a District Court, as long as it relates to a commercial activity involving the sovereign. The immunity of a sovereign’s asset from execution inevitably leaves the award creditor with a vacuous victory.
CHINA, GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND LIBERAL INTERNATIONAL ORDER: A NEO-GRAMSCIAN ANALYSIS
Authors: Munir Maheera , Abid Faiza
Published: August 2024

China's ascendant position in International Relations has sparked a debate over the future of the US-led liberal international order. As China's military, economic, ideological, and institutional influence continues to expand, apprehensions about its challengesto the existing global order and the evolution of China's role in international governance have intensified. This research is qualitative and consults both primary and secondary recourses. From the neo-Gramscian school of thought perspective, this research explores the core relationship between China and the global order, delving deep into the historical context. Unliketraditional international relations theories, this research presents a historical and relational interpretation to present an alternative perspective on China's rise. Elucidating this dynamic historical progression, this paper posits that China's relationship with the world order has evolved significantly, moving from animosity and refutation in the post-independence period to compliance with Western ideals and institutions, integration into the international system and, more recently, to the pursuit of independent institution-building, global governance, and promotion of alternative world order. This paper concludes that while China hasadopted a predominant role in shaping the rules of the international system, it is far from being a disruptive reformist. Thus, despiteits global outreach, China does not seek to build a power centre that counters explicitlythe Western liberal order butsignalsa gradual transition towards a multipolar order.
ISRAEL-HAMAS WAR IN GAZA: REARRANGEMENT OF REGIONAL POWERS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MIDDLE EAST
Authors: Safdar Maira
Published: August 2024

The recentIsrael-Hamas conflict in Gazaand their persistent military campaignagainst each other, owing to atrocities and mass destruction, have drawn international attention to the regional politics of the Middle East. Recent regional political changes have been disrupted, such as Arab-Israel efforts tonormalise relations after the Abraham Accords and the latest Saudi-Israel Peace Deal. The ongoing carnage in Gaza has pivoted Arab states’ interests away from the peace processes, thus shifting the regional as well asmajor powers’ alliance priorities. Iran, whose rapprochement with Saudia Arabia has begun, also warned of a pre-emptive attack against Israel should the latter invade Gaza. Most Arab states have shown solidarity with the Palestine cause; on the contrary, significant actors such as the United States(US) and the United Kingdom(UK) haveshown their supportfor Israel,as manifested bythe veto of UNSC resolutions. From a structural realist view, as propounded by Kenneth Waltz, international politics can be explained through a system-level analysis. It highlights cause-and-effect relations that can be observedbetween the states, primary units, and the anarchical international structure. Keeping this in mind, such rearrangement of alliances in the Middle Eastindicates the prolongation and intensification of war amid anarchy in an emerging multipolar world. Moreover, the war in Gaza holds a high chance of regional spillover. In any case, the war that ignited Israel-Hamas tensions is likely to continue unless prominentactors’ mediation brings to light the root cause of the problem,which lies in the illegal occupation of Palestine.
TREADING TURBULENT WATERS: PAKISTAN’S READINESS TO THE LOOMING THREAT OF MARITIME TERRORISM
Authors: Shahid Mubashar Hassan , Zeb Rizwan
Published: August 2024

Houthis’ recent attacks on Merchant ships in the Red Sea haverenewed focus on maritime terrorism. These attacks have pushed the global power centres to think seriously about this intensifying threat to internationalmaritime trade and movement. South Asia, particularly India and Pakistan, have already faced the issue of marine terrorism, yet it has remained primarily a neglected field of enquiry,particularly in Pakistan. This paper aims to fill this void in the literature by critically analysing the threat of Maritime terrorism to Pakistan and how prepared it is to counter this problem. This paper attempts to dissect the threats that exist in the Arabian Sea and how maritime terrorism has the potential to push Pakistan and India into a new conflict,which may have grave consequences for the global community. The paper starts with an overview of maritime terrorism and how it has evolved over timeand with technological advancements. This follows an analysis of marineterrorism incidents in India and Pakistan and how Pakistan has built up its organisationalstructure to coverthe threats posed by it. It contends that Pakistan has aready organisational structure; it requiresimproved inter-departmental coordinationandmore importantly,constitutional cover.In the end, the paper provides policy recommendations at the organisational, national and regional levelsto address the issue of maritime terrorism.
Desafios e estratégias na gestão da polifarmácia em idosos: impactos na saúde e adesão ao tratamento
Authors: Ribeiro Izabelle Pimenta , Paiva Guilherme Costa de , Resende Beatriz Lima , Crespo Bruna Bastos , Santos Sthefanny Lourrany de Melo , Rezende Giovanna Stecca , Nogueira Júlia Carvalho , França Jacinta Luana Olegario de , Lima Viviane Ferreira , Cabelo Milena Sampaio
Published: August 2024

O envelhecimento da população está associado ao aumento da prevalência de doenças crônicas, resultando em um uso crescente de múltiplos medicamentos, conhecido como polifarmácia. Este estudo analisa as implicações da polifarmácia em idosos, com ênfase nos desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais de saúde e pacientes. A revisão sistemática da literatura revelou que a polifarmácia está associada a riscos significativos, como interações medicamentosas adversas, iatrogenia e declínio funcional. Além disso, a complexidade dos regimes de medicação pode levar à baixa adesão ao tratamento, aumentando o risco de hospitalizações e custos de saúde. Identificou-se que fatores socioeconômicos e relacionais, como nível educacional e estado civil, influenciam a prevalência da polifarmácia e a adesão ao tratamento. Estratégias para melhorar a adesão incluem a participação ativa do paciente nas decisões de prescrição, educação sobre o uso adequado dos medicamentos, e o suporte de familiares e cuidadores. É essencial que os profissionais de saúde adotem uma abordagem holística, considerando as necessidades individuais dos pacientes e reduzindo o número de medicamentos sempre que possível. Este estudo destaca a importância de um diálogo eficaz entre profissionais de saúde e pacientes para otimizar a gestão da polifarmácia, melhorando a qualidade de vida dos idosos e reduzindo os riscos associados.
PERAN KADER DALAM PEMANTAUAN PERTUMBUHAN ANAK BALITA DI POSYANDU POSYANDU WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PAKUAN BARU JAMBI TAHUN 2022
Authors: Firdaushy Nabillah , Puspita Mefrie , Widiawati Susi
Published: August 2024

Kader yang merupakan bagian dari pelaksana yang sangat mempengaruhi kegiatan posyandu dilakukan dengan “pola lima meja”. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kader dalam pemantauan pertumbuhan anak balita di Posyandu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakuan Baru Jambi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu berjumlah 140 kader di Posyandu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakuan Baru Jambi Tahun 2022. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan Total Sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Posyandu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakuan Baru Jambi. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner dan lembar observasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan dari 140 kader mempunyai peran yang baik dalam pemantauan pertumbuhan anak balita sebanyak 83 (59,3 %) cukup baik sebanyak 57 (40,7 %) dengan hasil penilaian observasi sesuai sebanyak 76 (54,3 %) dan tidak sesuai 64 (45,7 %). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara subjektif terdapat peran kader yang baik namun pada hasil objektif terdapat kesenjangan pada meja 2 dan meja 5 dalam pemantauan pertumbuhan anak balita di Posyandu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakuan Baru Jambi Tahun 2022.
APPLICATION OF SCHEDULED ACTIVITIES READING THE QUR'AN IN PATIENTS WITH SENSORY PERCEPTION DISORDERS: HEARING HALLUCINATIONS AT CIGEUREUNG HEALTH CENTER
Authors: Asep Riyana  , Fitriani Anisa , Kustiawan Ridwan
Published: August 2024

One of the symptoms that appear in people with schizophrenia is auditory hallucinations. The way to prevent hallucinations from appearing is with scheduled activities. The purpose of this case study is to describe the characteristics of the patient, describe the strategy for scheduled activities reading the Qur'an and describe the decrease in symptoms before and after therapy. This scientific writing method is. The results of the assessment of the case studies of the two clients which were carried out by measuring signs and symptoms found one diagnosis that emerged, namely auditory hallucinations. The evaluation results for 5 days showed that both patients experienced a decrease in signs and symptoms on client 1 80% and on client 2 66%. It can be concluded that the results of this study show that scheduled Qur'an reading therapy is effective in reducing hallucinations and increasing the ability to control hallucinations. Suggestions for families to be able to monitor the client's scheduled Al-Qur'an reading activities and continue to motivate them to carry out positive activities for clients with sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations, so that patients feel there is support that can speed up the healing process of their illness.
Activity of clofazimine against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with different spectrum of drug resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs
Authors: Mikhailova Yu. D. , Makarova M. V. , Krylova L. Yu. , Safonova S. G. , Litvinov V. I.
Published: August 2024

Due to the widespread drug resistance of M. tuberculosis (MTB), it is necessary to assess the possibility of using drugs with antimycobacterial activity previously used in other pathologies, e.g. clofazimine, in anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy regimens.The aim was to determine the phenotypic sensitivity to clofazimine of clinical strains of MTB with different spectrum of drug resistance.Methods. Clofazimine sensitivity was studied for 75 MTB clinical strains by serial microdilutions in Middlebrook 7H9 liquid medium (50 were drug-susceptible, 25 have MDR and pre-XDR), with estimation of MIC50, MIC90 and epidemiologic cut-off value of MIC (ECOFF).Results. The growth of most MTB strains (76%) was suppressed by clofazimine concentrations ranging from 0.06 to 0.125 μg/ml. The growth of 50% (MIC50) and 90% (MIC90) of drug-sensitive strains was inhibited by clofazimine concentrations of 0.125 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively, while the growth of drug-resistant strains was inhibited by 0.125 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. The ECOFF value was 0.25 μg/ml.Conclusion. Clofazimine even in low concentrations inhibits the growth of MTB clinical strains regardless of sensitivity to other antimycobacterial drugs. The obtained data serve as an additional basis for the use of clofazimine in the complex treatment of tuberculosis, including MDR and XDR pathogens.
طريقة الأسئلة والأجوبة فى تعليم مهارة الكلام للطلاب بمدرسة إسلامية شافعية الثانوية الإسلامية سومبرأيار بيطان
Authors: Kurniawan Farid Edi , Ulfah Yeniati , Sofiah Winda Ayu , Ibrahim Faisal Mahmoud Adam
Published: August 2024

هدف البحث إلى شرح استخدام طريقة الأسئلة والأجوبة فى تعليم مهارة الكلام والعوامل الداعمة والعوامل المعوقة في استخدامها بمدرسة إسلامية شافعية الثانوية الإسلامية سمبار أيار بيطان. استخدم البحث المدخل الكيفي بالملاحظة والمقابلة والتوثيق لجمع البيانات. واستخدم التحليل الوصفي لتحليل البيانات من خلال تخفيض البيانات، وعرضها واستنتاجها. ونتائج هذا البحث هي خطوات تنفيذ طريقة الأسئلة والأجوبة فى تعليم مهارة الكلام التي تتكون من ست خطوات. والعوامل الداعمة في استخدام هذه الطريقة هي المدرس المحبوب الذي يقدر في الكلام والماهر في القواعد، وحالة الطالب المستعد في تعليم اللغة العربية. أما العوامل المعوقة هي نقص المفردات، وبعض الطلاب لم يقدروا تركيب الكلمات جيدا، والعادة السابقة وهي التكلم بالإندونسية والمدورية
البلاغة بين الصناعة والمعرفة
Authors: Shobirin Shobirin , Abdurrohman Wahid
Published: August 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى استكشاف البلاغة بين الصناعة والمعرفة. واستخدمت هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال الدراسة المكتبية للوصول إلى نتائج البحث. ولقد توصلت هذه الدراسة إلى أن في عصر الجاهلية، كانت البلاغة عند العرب قد وصلت إلى مراتب عالية، وكان لديهم اهتمام كبير بإتقان الكلام والتميز في المناظرات البليغة. وكانت إعجاز الرسول ﷺ وحجته القاطعة لهم عندما دعا كل من أعلىهم وأدناهم إلى مناقشة القرآن ببلاغته المتألقة، مما يدل على أنهم أهل للبيان والفصاحة، وتميزهم في الفهم وحدة بصرهم في تمييز الكلمات والمعاني والصور. بعد ظهور الإسلام، تبنى المسلمون تراثهم اللغوي والأدبي، وأصبحت البلاغة من العلوم التي حظيت بالاهتمام الكبير، نظرًا لحاجتهم إليها لفهم جماليات القرآن وسحره. ابن سلام الجمحي كان من بين أوائل الذين كتبوا في الأدب والنقد، وتبعه الجاحظ والمبرد وابن المعتز في كتبهم البلاغية، حتى وصلت البلاغة إلى عبد القاهر الذي فلسفتها وأسس اسمها الذي لم يجرؤ أحد على تقليله أو إضافة شيء إليه، لأهميتها، إلا في ترتيب مسائلها وتهذيب أبوابها على يد السكاكي. ومن ثم، تطورت الدراسات البلاغية لتفقد طابعها اللغوي، وتميزت بالموضوعية والشمول والتماسك والاقتصاد. ويرجع هذا التطور إلى تأثرها بالخطاب وارتباطها بقضية إعجاز القرآن، حيث غلب علماؤها من غير العرب، وتراجعت الأدب.