bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ablation and mechanical investigation of heat vulcanizing silicone rubber (HVSR) composite containing carbon fibers
Authors: Liu Yanhui , Su Jingyu , Yin Zhengshuai , Li Yong , Zhi Ye , Gao Jinglong
Published: September 2016

In this study, heat vulcanizing silicone rubber (HVSR) composites were prepared and the impact of the addition of carbon fibers (CFs) on the mechanical and ablation properties of the composite was demonstrated. It was found that with increasing content of CFs, the tensile property and the hardness of the composite increased significantly. The back-face temperature, the ablation rate and the ablation mechanism of the composite were discussed based on the data derived from several characterization methods, including oxygen-acetylene ablation device, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Along with the increasing of the content of CFs, the mass and linear ablation rates both decreased, but the back-face temperature increased. The interaction between ablation layer and the composite became intense due to the addition of the CFs, which led to the difficult peel-off of the ablation layer. Four layers can be formed after the oxygen-acetylene ablation of the composite including the surface layer, the carbonization layer, the pyrolysis layer and the matrix layer. The ablation mechanism was also proposed. It mainly involves the carbonization of the composite, the ceramization of SiC and the shielding effect of the ablated layer.
Maximal Strength Performance and Muscle Activation for the Bench Press and Triceps Extension Exercises Adopting Dumbbell, Barbell, and Machine Modalities Over Multiple Sets
Authors: Farias Déborah de Araújo , Willardson Jeffrey M. , Paz Gabriel A. , Bezerra Ewertton de S. , Miranda Humberto
Published: September 2016

Farias, DdA, Willardson, JM, Paz, GA, Bezerra, EdS, and Miranda, H. Maximal strength performance and muscle activation for the bench press and triceps extension exercises adopting dumbbell, barbell and machine modalities over multiple sets. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1879–1887, 2017—The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activation, total repetitions, and training volume for 3 bench press (BP) exercise modes (Smith machine [SMBP], barbell [BBP], and dumbbell [DBP]) that were followed by a triceps extension (TE) exercise. Nineteen trained men performed 3 testing protocols in random order, which included: (P1) SMBP + TE; (P2) BBP + TE; and (P3) DBP + TE. Each protocol involved 4 sets with a 10-repetition maximum (RM) load, immediately followed by a TE exercise that was also performed for 4 sets with a 10RM load. A 2-minute rest interval was adopted between sets and exercises. Surface electromyographic activity was assessed for the pectoralis major (PM), anterior deltoid (AD), biceps brachii (BB), and triceps brachii (TB). The results indicated that significantly higher total repetitions were achieved for the DBP (31.2 ± 3.2) vs. the BBP (27.8 ± 4.8). For the TE, significantly greater volume was achieved when this exercise was performed after the BBP (1,204.4 ± 249.4 kg) and DBP (1,216.8 ± 287.5 kg) vs. the SMBP (1,097.5 ± 193 kg). The DBP elicited significantly greater PM activity vs. the BBP. The SMBP elicited significantly greater AD activity vs. the BBP and DBP. During the different BP modes, the SMBP and BBP elicited significantly greater TB activity vs. the DBP. However, the DBP elicited significantly greater BB activity vs. the SMBP and BBP, respectively. During the succeeding TE exercise, significantly greater activity of the TB was observed when this exercise was performed after the BBP vs. the SMBP and DBP. Therefore, it seems that the variation in BP modes does influence both repetition performance and muscle activation patterns during the TE when these exercises are performed in succession.
Influence of Competition Day on Cognitive Control and HRV in Young Male Gymnasts
Authors: Sartor Francesco , Capuzzoni Silvia , Rospo Gianluca , La Torre Antonio , Vailati Fulvio , Vailati Emanuele
Published: September 2016

Sartor, F, Capuzzoni, S, Rospo, G, La Torre, A, Vailati, F, and Vailati, E. Influence of competition day on cognitive control and HRV in young male gymnasts. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1982–1993, 2017—In gymnastics, high levels of executive attention and physical and coordinative capacities are required. However, training planning does not usually account for dynamic alterations in cognitive capacity. This study investigated whether cognitive capacity was altered by the approach of a competition. Ten elite male gymnasts (16 ± 2 years, 57.3 ± 16.1 kg, 1.64 ± 1.27 m) were monitored for sleep, life demands, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and pain, starting 5 days before the competition and up to 5 days after it. Stroop task performance and concomitant heart rate variability (HRV) were monitored 5 days and 1 day before the competition and then 1 and 5 days after. Sleep and life demands were not affected by the competition. Localized pain ranged from mild to moderate levels throughout the observation period. It weakly correlated with RPE (r = 0.241, p = 0.010) and moderately with number of errors (NoEs) (r = 0.639, p = 0.047). The RPE was higher for the competition day (p = 0.002). Median reaction times during the Stroop task were higher in the period preceding the competition (p < 0.001) for similar NoEs. The HRV during the congruent stimuli task showed higher root mean square differences of successive beats, portion of normal to normal intervals exceeding 50 milliseconds, and high frequency after the competition (p ≤ 0.05). Poincare plot SD2 showed a positive correlation with Stroop task NoEs (r = 0.590, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the period preceding an important competition affected cognitive performance and HRV in young male gymnasts. A practical implication of this study is that training loads could be adjusted according to mental stress before a competition.
Influence of Physical Maturity Status on Sprinting Speed Among Youth Soccer Players
Authors: McCunn Robert , Weston Matthew , Hill John K.A. , Johnston Rich D. , Gibson Neil V.
Published: September 2016

McCunn, R, Weston, M, Hill, JKA, Johnston, RD, and Gibson, NV. Influence of physical maturity status on sprinting speed among youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1795–1801, 2017—The relative age effect is well documented with the maturation-selection hypothesis the most common explanation; however, conflicting evidence exists. We observed the birth date distribution within an elite junior soccer academy. The influence of physical maturity status on anthropometric variables and sprinting ability was also investigated. Annual fitness testing was conducted over an 8-year period with a total of 306 players (age: 12.5 ± 1.7 years [range: 9.7–16.6 years]; stature: 156.9 ± 12.9 cm; mass: 46.5 ± 12.5 kg) drawn from 6 age categories (under-11s to under-17s) who attended the same Scottish Premiership club academy. Measurements included mass, stature, maturity offset and 0–15 m sprint. Odds ratios revealed a clear bias toward recruitment of players born in quartile 1 compared with quartile 4. The overall effect (all squads combined) of birth quartile was very likely small for maturity offset (0.85 years; 90% confidence interval [CI], 0.44–1.26 years) and stature (6.2 cm; 90% CI, 2.8–9.6 cm), and likely small for mass (5.1 kg; 90% CI, 1.7–8.4 kg). The magnitude of the relationship between maturity offset and 15-m sprinting speed ranged from trivial for under-11s (r = 0.01; 90% CI, −0.14 to 0.16) to very likely large for under-15s (r = −0.62; −0.71 to −0.51). Making decisions about which players to retain and release should not be based on sprinting ability around the under-14 and under-15 age categories because any interindividual differences may be confounded by transient inequalities in maturity offset.
Using Loaded and Unloaded Jumps to Increase Speed and Power Performance in Elite Young and Senior Soccer Players
Authors: Loturco Irineu , Pereira Lucas A. , Kobal Ronaldo , Nakamura Fábio Y.
Published: September 2016

SPEED AND POWER ABILITIES ARE PROGRESSIVELY REQUIRED IN CONTEMPORARY SOCCER TO ENABLE PLAYERS TO FULFILL THE DEMANDS OF A COMPETITIVE MATCH. HOWEVER, THERE ARE LIMITED SCIENTIFICALLY BASED RECOMMENDATIONS RELATED TO TRAINING STRATEGIES ABLE TO IMPROVE THESE NEUROMUSCULAR CAPACITIES IN SOCCER ATHLETES. THIS ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS THE EVIDENCE AVAILABLE IN THE LITERATURE WHILE ALSO APPLYING IT TO STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROFESSIONALS WHO SEEK EFFECTIVE APPROACHES TO INCREASE SPRINT AND JUMP PERFORMANCES IN ELITE YOUNG AND SENIOR SOCCER PLAYERS.
Introduction
Authors: Kaufman J. G.
Published: September 2016

This publication Progress in Flaw Growth and Fracture Toughness Testing contains the papers presented at the Sixth National Symposium on Fracture Mechanics at American Society for Testing and Materials Headquarters, in Philadelphia, on 28–30 August 1972. It was the first Fracture Mechanics Symposium conducted under the sponsorship of ASTM Committee E-24 on Fracture Testing of Metals, and so it was appropriate that one major thrust of the papers presented was the progress in testing reflected in the book's title. In essence, the volume provides the 1972 state-of-the-art in the analysis and measurement of fracture toughness and flaw growth resistance, and so it should prove useful to theoreticians and experimentalists in keeping abreast of developments in these fields. The coverage includes items on the theory, analysis, and understanding of fracture behavior, including comment by Trebules and others on the crack closure phenomenon. In the regime of new methods development, the attention to the J-integral should prove particularly interesting to expermentalists, as considerable progress has been made by Rice, Paris, Landes, Begley, and Merkle in simplifying and presenting in a meaningful manner this new approach, first described at the Fifth Symposium. The new papers on subcritical crack growth are also of considerable importance, as they add to our understanding of threshold behavior and of the usefulness of crack closure in interpreting stress ratio and overload effects. The use of the fracture mechanics approach to the evaluation of a number of relatively tough materials is given considerable attention in this volume; the real engineering problems in dealing in fracture mechanics terms with the kinds of materials of which most structures are made are faced. Specifically, the problems in interpretation of plane-strain fracture toughness test results for tough aluminum alloys and steels are described, and the useful relationships between such data to other fracture related indices are presented. While no final answers are prescribed, the experiences of individuals who have had to deal with the problem today are discussed in the papers by Sullivan, Wang, Nelson, Judy, and Hertzberg, and their respective coauthors. Similarly, the papers by Okamura, Bjeletich, Kiefner, and Derby provide some current thoughts on the application of fracture mechanics concepts to design problems.
Fatigue Crack Propagation and Fracture Toughness of 5Ni and 9Ni Steels at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: Bucci R. J. , Greene B. N. , Paris P. C.
Published: September 2016

Fracture mechanics techniques were used to investigate low temperature fatigue crack propagation properties of 5Ni and 9Ni steels. The 5Ni alloy was also tested in the welded condition. Fatigue loading was primarily zero tension, but some data were taken for fully reversed, compression-tension loading in the unwelded materials. Conventional log-log plots of range in stress intensity parameter, ΔK, versus cyclic growth rate, Δa/ΔN, were used to assess material fatigue crack propagation behavior at −320°F, −260°F, and room temperature (70°F). Fracture toughness measurements were also obtained at −260 and −320°F for both steels and for the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the welded 5Ni steel.
Experimental Verification of Lower Bound KIc Values Utilizing the Equivalent Energy Concept
Authors: Buchalet C. , Mager T. R.
Published: September 2016

A method is described for obtaining lower bound KIc values, using compact specimens. The specimens are tested at temperatures for which valid KIc values cannot be obtained according to recommended specimen size requirements (ASTM Test for Plain-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials (E 399-72)). This concept has been proposed by Witt and is called the “Equivalent Energy Method.” The procedure can be summarized as follows: 1. Select any point of the linear portion of the load-deflection curve (Point B). Measure the area under the load-deflection curve up to maximum load and divide this area by the area up to Point B. Call the ratio of areas b. 2. Using the load at Point B as PB calculate KBd as follows: KBd=b2PBbd(2bd)1/2ƒ(aw) If the specimen meets the ASTM E 399-72 size requirements, KBd, as calculated above, represents the fracture toughness KIc. Experimental verifications of the Equivalent Energy Concept are also presented. The results show that lower bound fracture toughness values can be obtained with compact specimens, utilizing the method as proposed by Witt. At a given temperature, the lower bound values obtained increase with increasing specimen thickness.
Plane-Stress Fracture Toughness and Fatigue-Crack Propagation of Aluminum Alloy Wide Panels
Authors: Wang D. Y.
Published: September 2016

The effects of panel width and crack length on fracture toughness and the fatigue crack propagation rate of Alclad 2024-T3 and X7475 were investigated in sheet specimens ranging from 30 to 120 in. wide. The unstiffened, wide panels containing a through-the-thickness central crack were tested under uniaxial loadings to generate fatigue crack growth, stable crack growth, and residual strength data. In addition, 48-in. wide 7075-T6 and 7079-T6 aluminum alloy panels were tested at −65° F to determine low-temperature effects. The analysis was conducted to define the parameters contributing to the apparent panel size effects and to outline the procedures to obtain valid data applicable to full-scale structural design. Excellent correlation was found in the stable crack growth resistance curve (KR versus Δa) data obtained from panels of various width which contained initial crack lengths ranging from 3.6 to 30 in. The results suggest that the crack growth resistance curve is a material parameter which is independent of crack length and panel width under an appropriate test condition. The effects of −65° F significantly reduce fatigue crack propagation resistance at a relatively high ΔK level and stable static crack growth resistance of some aluminum alloy sheets.
Effect of Multiple Overloads on Fatigue Crack Propagation in 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Trebules V. W. , Roberts R. , Hertzberg R. W.
Published: September 2016

The effect of multiple overloads on subsequent fatigue crack propagation in 2024-T3 aluminum alloy specimens was studied, and 1, 2, 10, 100, 1000, and 5000 overload cycle tests were run. Typical tests consisted of running constant ΔK tests where ΔK=15ksiin.(16.5MN/m3/2) and λ=1.05(λ=Kmax/ΔK). The maximum overload level was 50 percent ΔK or Kmax=22.5ksiin.(24.7MN/m3/2). The usefulness of closure concepts in aiding the understanding of fatigue crack propagation due to overloads is considered. Evidence is given to demonstrate the general applicability of closure concepts for analysis of fatigue crack propagation results.
Leishmaniasis visceral en Medula Ósea
Authors: Méndez López Max A. , López Villegas Jorge
Published: September 2016

Una mujer de 47 años, fue evaluada en Emergencias con fiebre y pancitopenia, con velocidad de eritrosedimentación en 160mm/h (0-20mm/h) y deshidrogenasa láctica en 980 U/L (140-280 U/L). Había sido diagnosticada VIH positiva desde hace 7 años y se mantenía con terapia antiretroviral hasta 6 meses atrás cuando decidió abandonar el seguimiento y medicación. A su llegada, el ultrasonido de abdomen documentó hepatoesplenomegalia sin adenopatías. Se puede apreciar en las imágenes un histiocito fagocitando múltiples leishmania (izquierda). El kinetoplasto y la apariencia del núcleo en “doble punto” (flecha) es de gran utilidad para la identificación morfológica de Leishmania donovani, confirmado posteriormente con cultivo de médula ósea. La diseritropoiesis y la plasmocitosis son frecuentes en estos pacientes y sumado a los efectos medulares del virus y los medicamentos, el cuadro es diagnóstico diferencial mandatorio de Síndrome Mielodisplásico.
Generalidades sobre placenta previa y acretismo placentario
Authors: Ávila Darcia Serio , Alfaro Moya Tommy , Olmedo Soriano Johnny
Published: September 2016

La placenta es un órgano complejo encargado de la secreción de hormonas y enzimas, realiza el transporte de nutrientes y productos metabólicos y permite el intercambio de gases. Con el aumen-to de la edad materna y de las cesáreas, la inci-dencia de placenta previa y de acretismo placen-tario se ha elevado, convirtiéndose ambas condi-ciones en problemas para la obstetricia moderna. La placenta previa se refiere a una implantación placentaria en el segmento uterino bajo, ya sea muy cerca o con algún grado de cobertura del orificio cervical interno. Suele presentarse como sangrado indoloro hacia finales del 2do trimestre. El acretismo placentario se refiere a aquella placenta que presenta un trastorno de adhesión o algún grado de invasión ya sea al útero o a es-tructuras adyacentes. Ambas condiciones repre-sentan un riesgo de hemorragia intraparto con alta morbilidad materna y fetal asociada. A con-tinuación se presentan generalidades sobre estas patologías
PENETRATION RATE PREDICTION FOR PERCUSSIVE DRILLING WITH ROTARY IN VERY HARD ROCK
Authors: Hung Nguyen Van , Gerbaud Laurent , Souchal Raphael , Urbanczyk Christophe , Fouchard C.
Published: September 2016

This paper is the following part of our project to predict the penetration rate for percussive drilling with rotary in very hard rock. As results in [1] have been shown that the rate of penetration was strong influent by Brazilian tensile strength and it was exist the correlation between the rate of penetration and the rock properties. Yet, the study was valid on six hard rocks in experimental result of test tricone and rotary with percussive. All relationships have been shown but the coefficient R2 is still very low. This paper will present a new relationship with high value of R2 based on previous data and also establish a mathematical relationship, numerical model to predict the penetration rate.
CHARACTERIZATION OF GLUCOMANNAN FROM AMORPHOPHALLUS PANOMENSIS IN VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen An Tien , Hoa Nguyen Thi , Thien Do Truong , Hue Vu Thi , Minh Thu Vu Thi , Thu Trang Lai Thi
Published: September 2016

A glucomannan has been isolated from the tuber of amorphophallus panomensis by a simple method without using toxic chemicals. The weight content of the glucomannan was about 4% of original amorphophallus tuber. The structure of the glucomannan was investigated by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The results showed that the structural component of the glucomannan was consisted of mannose and glucose units with the mannose/glucose ratio was about 1.00/0.13. The degree of crystalation and molecular weight of the glucomannan were also investigated by XRD diffraction and viscosimetry, respectively. The results indicated that the glucomannan was amorphous and molecular weight was Mv = 1.2´106Da.
APPLICATION OF DATA ASSIMIMILATION FOR PARAMETER CORRECTION IN SUPER CAVITY MODELLING
Authors: Ha Tran Thu , Son Nguyen Anh , Hai Duong Ngoc , Phong Nguyen Hong
Published: September 2016

On the imperfect water entry, a high speed slender body moving in the forward direction rotates inside the cavity. The super cavity model describes the very fast motion of body in water. In the super cavity model the drag coefficient plays important role in body's motion. In some references this drag coefficient is simply chosen by different values in the interval 0.8-1.0. In some other references this drag coefficient is written by the formula  with  is the cavity number,   is the angle of body axis and flow direction,  is a parameter chosen from the interval 0.6-0.85. In this paper the drag coefficient  is written with fixed  and the parameter is corrected so that the simulation body velocities are closer to observation data. To find the convenient drag coefficient the data assimilation method by differential variation is applied. In this method the observing data is used in the cost function. The data assimilation is one of the effected methods to solve the optimal problems by solving the adjoin problems and then finding the gradient of cost function.
Bending and free vibration analysis of functionally graded plates using new eight-unknown shear deformation theory by finite element method
Authors: Quoc Tran Huu , Tu Tran Minh , Long Nguyen Van
Published: September 2016

In this paper, a new eight-unknown shear deformation theory is developed for bending and free vibration analysis of functionally graded plates by finite element method. The theory based on full twelve-unknown higher order shear deformation theory, simultaneously satisfy zeros transverse stresses at top and bottom surface of FG plates. A four-node rectangular element with sixteen degrees of freedom per node is used. Poisson’s ratios, Young’s moduli and material densities vary continuously in thickness direction according to the volume fraction of constituents which is modeled as power law functions. Results are verified with available results in the literature. Parametric studies are performed for different power law index, side-to-thickness ratios.
STUDY ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF THE AERIAL PARTS AND SOME COMPOUNDS ISOLATED FROM Archidendron clypearia ((Jack) I. Niels Part 2. ISOLATING, DETERMINING STRUCTURE AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPABILITY OF SOME COMPOUNDS FROM ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT
Authors: Hieu Le Trung , Thi Tran Thi Van , Hoai Nguyen Thi , Huong Vo Thi Mai
Published: September 2016

The antioxidant activity in vitro of methanol extract of Archidendron clypearia was evaluated by in vitro tests on isolated liver cells of mouses with ED50 value ​​ of 2.18 μg/mL compared to that of curcumin of 1.87 µg/mL. Using combined chromatographic methods, four compounds were isolated from chloroform extract of the Archidendron clypearia. Their structures were elucidated to be daucosterol, 1-octacosanol, docosenoic acid, and methyl gallate by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods and in comparison with those reported in the literature. This is the first report of these compounds from the plant. All four compounds showed quite high antioxidant activity, for which methyl gallate was the highest one.
Legislative Success in the Arkansas General Assembly: A Causal Perspective
Authors: Ellickson Mark C. , Whistler Donald E.
Published: September 2016

This study employs recursive path analysis techniques to develop a causal model of legislative success in the “one party-no party” state legislature of Arkansas. Utilizing a unique five-step process to measure bill-passage through the Arkansas House, four direct paths to legislative success were identified: educational level, age, race, and seniority. The final model suggests a legislative body in transition from amateur status and exclusivity to one more autonomous and competitive.
Presidential Support and Veto Overrides, 1889 to 1988
Authors: Hoff Samuel B.
Published: September 2016

Previous empirical studies of congressional responses to presidential vetoes have attempted to identify elements which explain whether an override takes place. However, they have failed to distinguish between initial and final reconsideration, and have included private bill vetoes in the analysis. This research employs a presidential support model to examine factors influencing probability of override at both the first and second house juncture, as well as strength of successful final override vote, over the last century. The results substantiate the value of the model for determining legislative reactions to public bill vetoes.
Comment on "A Federalist Explanation of Municipal Elections"
Authors: Hero Rodney E.
Published: September 2016

While efforts at theoretical advancement in the study of U.S. urban polities and of federalism certainly are to be welcomed, such efforts bear heavy conceptual and theoretical burdens. These burdens include the basic and longstanding ambiguity of the concept of “federalism” itself, along with the relative dearth and questionable persuasiveness of previous “theories” of federalism and of urban politics.
INITIAL GROWTH OF SEEDLINGS OF Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden AS INFLUENCED BY THE ADDITION OF NATURAL POLYMER AND FARMING SUBSTRATES
Authors: Navroski Marcio Carlos , Araujo Maristela Machado , Reiniger Lia Rejane Silveira , Fior Claudimar Sidnei , Schafer Gilmar , Pereira Mariane de Oliveira
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to test different concentrations of natural polymer combined with different substrates in order to maximize the production and quality of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden as well as the influence of the physical and chemical properties of the substrates. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse in a randomized design with a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement for different substrates (factor "A") and water-retaining polymer concentrations (factor "B"). The physical and chemical properties of the substrates were also analyzed in each treatment. The seedlings height (H), neck diameter (D), shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), total dry matter (TDM), H/D ratio and Dickson quality index (DQI) were measured after 90 days of sowing. Both the physical and chemical properties of the substrates have improved by the addition of hydrogel, especially those regarding to porosity, water availability and water holding capacity. In general, the water-retaining polymer concentrations of 2 and 4 g L-1 provided a better seedling growth. Seedlings largest neck diameter was observed at a hydrogel concentration of 6 g L-1. The use of hydrogel has resulted in higher height and neck diameter values when carbonized rice hulls were used as substrate. Therefore, hydrogel concentrations of 2 and 4 g L-1 may increase the quality of Eucalyptus dunnii seedlings and reduce their nursery time.
HERITABILITY, REPEATABILITY, AND GENETIC GAINS IN A IMPROVEMENT POPULATION OF CAJUÍZEIRO
Authors: Maia Maria Clideana Cabral , Almeida Adriano da Silva , Macedo Luciano Medina , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de , Lacerda Mairla Nascimento de , Vasconcelos Lúcio Flavo Lopes , Oliveira Luís Cláudio de , Silva Rossana Borges da
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Cajuí (Anacardium spp) is an endemic fruit trees species in the Northeastern region of Brazil. Thus, this trial aimed to estimate the repeatability coefficients of the agrotechnological variables and to predict the genetic gains of a cajuí improvement population located at the Embrapa Meio-Norte. The data of twelve variables from every crop were evaluated using Selegen-REML/BLUP. The variables were ordered accordingly: V1 fruit mass (FM, in g), V2 peduncle mass (PM, in g), V3 chestnut mass (CM in g), V4 basal diameter (BD in cm), V5 apical diameter (AD in cm), V6 fruit length (FL in cm), V7 firmness of endosperm (FIRM, in N), V8 content of vitamin C (PVC in %), V9 total soluble solids (TSS in %), V10 pH of endosperm (pH), V11 total titratable acidity (TTA in %), and V12 relation TSS/TTA (undimensional). The fruit mass and its vitamin C contents can be estimated from measures of the fruit basal diameter and/or peduncle length, which are easy to be taken and measured experimentally. The medium and high estimates of the repeatability coefficient allowed for the early selection of the genotype 4 with accuracy from the two measures (years). The genotype 4 showed the best prediction means for physical and technological attributes and may be considered a possible candidate for asexual reproduction on crops with double purpose (fresh consumption and industrial).
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANATOMY AND DRYING IN Eucalyptus grandis X Eucalyptus urophylla WOOD
Authors: Zanuncio Antônio José Vinha , Carvalho Amélia Guimarães , Damásio Renato Augusto Pereira , Oliveira Bráulio da Silva de , Carneiro Angélica de Cassia Oliveira , Colodette Jorge Luiz
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Drying is an important step to using wood and anatomical characteristics influence this process. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between anatomy and wood drying. Samples with 2 x 2 x 4 cm were obtained from eight Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis clones at 1.3 m height to evaluate the anatomy and drying in climate chamber during 15 days. Cell wall fraction was established as the parameter that best correlated with drying, the Pearson correlation coefficient between this parameter and moisture was -0.8986, -0.6580, 0.9216, 0.8743, 0.7131 and 0.8727 for saturated wood, and after 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 15 days of drying, respectively. The frequency and vessel size, as well as the height and width of the rays showed low relation with wood drying. Wood anatomy, mainly the cell wall fraction, influences moisture losses and should be considered in wood drying programs.
Validação do Questionário de Avaliação de Habilidades Sociais, Comportamentos, Contextos para Universitários
Authors: Bolsoni-Silva Alessandra Turini , Loureiro Sonia Regina
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Verifica-se uma carência de instrumentos que avaliem habilidades sociais na interface com a saúde mental de universitários. Objetiva-se testar as propriedades psicométricas de validade e fidedignidade do Questionário de Avaliação de Habilidades Sociais, Comportamentos e Contextos para Universitários - QHC-Universitários. Procedeu-se à avaliação, em situação coletiva, de 609 estudantes universitários de diferentes cursos por meio dos seguintes instrumentos: QHC-Universitários, IHS-Del Prette, BDI, Mini-SPIN e SCID-IV. As propriedades psicométricas foram aferidas por meio de procedimentos estatísticos, com resultados satisfatórios quanto à consistência interna e às validades de construto e concorrente. A análise fatorial isolou três fatores para a Parte 1 (Comunicação e Afeto, Enfrentamento, Falar em Público) e dois fatores para a Parte 2 (Potencialidades, Dificuldades), fornecendo escores de problemas e de habilidades.
Brief Meditation and the Interaction between Emotional Interference and Anxiety
Authors: Menezes Carolina Baptista , Pereira Mirtes G. , Mocaiber Izabela , Bizarro Lisiane
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT This pilot study assessed the effects of a five day focused meditation training on the interplay between emotional interference and anxiety in a non clinical sample randomized into two groups (experimental=13; control=18). Emotional interference was indexed comparing the reaction times in an attention span task with negative or neutral distracting images. Anxiety experienced during the task was also assessed through self-report. Only in the control group higher anxiety levels interacted with greater emotional interference and a worse evaluation of valence and arousal of emotional images. These preliminary findings suggest that meditation may help modulating anxiety effects on bias to negative stimuli, and that even a short training may facilitate self-regulatory processes.
Thermal and photo-stability of the antioxidant potential of Spirulina platensis powder
Authors: Colla L. M. , Bertol C. D. , Ferreira D. J. , Bavaresco J. , Costa J. A. V. , Bertolin T. E.
Published: September 2016

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the thermal and photo stability of the antioxidant potential (AP) of the Spirulina platensis biomass. Thermal stability was established at 25ºC, 40ºC and 50ºC for 60 days, in the dark, protected from light. Photo stability was evaluated using UV (15 W, λ = 265 nm) and fluorescent (20 W, 0.16 A, power factor FP > 0.5, 50/60 Hz, 60 lm/w, 1200 lm) light for 90 days in capsules, glass and Petri dishes, at room temperature. The AP of the biomass in these conditions was determined at intervals (every 7 and 30 days in the studies of thermal and photo stability, respectively) using the induction of the oxidation of a lipid system by heat and aeration. In this lipid system, the biomass submitted to degradation was used as an antioxidant. The kinetics of the reaction was determined by the Arrhenius method. Thermal degradation was found to follow zero order kinetics, whereas photo degradation followed first order kinetics. The AP decreased 50% after 50 days at 25°C. At 40°C and 50°C, the AP decreased more than 50% after 35 and 21 days of exposition, respectively. The decrease of the AP of Spirulina was more sensible to UV and fluorescence light. After 30 days of exposition, the AP decreased more than 50% in all storage conditions tested. The antioxidant potential of Spirulina platensis is easily degraded when the biomass is exposed to heat and light, indicating the need for care to be taken in its storage.
Host-parasite relationship between Biomphalaria amazonica (Paraense, 1966) and Schistosoma mansoni (Sambon, 1907)
Authors: Simões L. F. , Bastos L. D. B. , Camargo E. A. F. , Neves M. F. , Linhares A. X. , Magalhães L. A. , Zanotti-Magalhães E. M.
Published: September 2016

Abstract Biomphalaria amazonica is a planorbid species considered a potential host of Schistosoma mansoni. It is widely distributed in the Neotropical zone, particularly in the North and Centre-West of Brazil and in the North of Bolivia. The aim of the present study was to determine the host-parasite relationship between B. amazonica and S. mansoni (BH and SJ strains). Specimens of B. amazonica and their snail-conditioned water were examined in terms of their ability to attract miracidia. The infectivity of the mollusks was determined by exposing them to 20 miracidia of both strains. Sporocyst development and amebocyte reactions were studied after each mollusk specimen was exposed to 100 miracidia. Although no cercariae were eliminated, specimens of B. amazonica proved capable of attracting 77% of the miracidia they were exposed to. Viable sporocysts with no amebocyte reaction were found 96 hours after the exposure to miracidia. These results indicate the susceptibility of B. amazonica to the BH and SJ strains of S. mansoni, and therefore demonstrate the importance of this planorbid species as a potential vector of the trematode in the areas where it occurs.
Assessment of the impact of changes in temperature in Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818) melanic and albino variants infected with Schistosoma mansoni (Sambon, 1907)
Authors: Camargo E. A. F. , Camargo J. T. F. , Neves M. F. , Simões L. F. , Bastos L. A. D. , Magalhães L. A. , Zanotti-Magalhães E. M.
Published: September 2016

Abstract Fluctuations in population density of planorbid hosts of S. mansoni are influenced by climatic factors. The knowledge about interference from changes in water temperature in these populations is an important aspect of the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. In this experiment, it is explored the influence of different temperatures on the development of Schistosoma mansoni in Biomphalaria glabrata melanic and albino variants. The results indicated an intrinsic relationship between temperature and development of the parasite in the intramollusc phase, independent of the pigmentation of the mantle of the molluscs. The higher the temperature, the shorter the period necessary for the development of the parasite was while the higher the mortality of infected mollusks. It is concluded that, in the presence of climate change, the increasement of temperature in cold and flooded regions may encourage the establishment of new foci of transmission of schistosomiasis by changing the geographic extent and extending the epidemiological transmission potential. In warm climates, higher temperatures, however, could compromise the transmission of the disease because of biological stress suffered by parasite and host. Under these conditions, it can result in the death of the parasite or a change in their ability to infect new host species of molluscs in new areas. Mantle pigmentation patterns in molluscs have not shown significant interference in the development of the parasite.
Absence of the celiac trunk and trifurcation of the common hepatic artery: a case report
Authors: Badagabettu Satheesha Nayak , Padur Ashwini Aithal , Kumar Naveen , Reghunathan Deepthinath
Published: September 2016

Abstract Anatomical variations of the celiac trunk and its branches are particularly important from a surgical perspective due to their relationships with surrounding structures. We report here a particularly rare variant involving absence of the celiac trunk in association with trifurcation of the common hepatic artery. These variations were found in an adult male cadaver. We perform a review of the literature and discuss the clinical and embryological significance of these variations. Recognition of celiac trunk and hepatic artery variations is of utmost importance to surgeons and radiologists because multiple variations can lead to undue complications.
Oscilador quártico e funções elípticas de Jacobi
Authors: Lemos Nivaldo A.
Published: September 2016

Tipicamente, pequenas oscilações em torno de um ponto de equilíbrio estável são movimentos harmônicos simples com frequência determinada pelo valor da segunda derivada da energia potencial no ponto de equilíbrio. Há casos anômalos, no entanto, em que a segunda derivada é nula e o termo de quarta ordem domina a expansão da energia potencial nas vizinhanças do mínimo. Neste caso, as pequenas oscilações são descritas pelo oscilador quártico. Por meio de um exemplo simples, em que ocorre a referida anomalia, discutimos o oscilador quártico e mostramos como sua equação de movimento pode ser resolvida em termos de funções elípticas de Jacobi. O exemplo oferece a oportunidade de familiarizar estudantes de graduação com essas funções importantes que não constam no currículo padrão dos cursos de física.
Evaluation of the Implementation of a Preventive Program for Children in Brazilian Schools
Authors: Schneider Daniela Ribeiro , Pereira Ana Paula Dias , Cruz Joselaine Ida , Strelow Milene , Chan Gail , Kurki Anja , Sanchez Zila M.
Published: September 2016

Abstract The article discusses the pilot implementation of the evidence-based preventive program Good Behavior Game (GBG) in public schools in four Brazilian cities. GBG is a method for classroom behavior management by teachers, which aims at developing sociability among elementary school students between 6 and 10 years old. The objective of this study was to evaluate the program implementation process, focusing on the acceptability and perceived results by the professionals involved. Mixed methods were used, and data analysis was conducted using triangulation, including questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with 28 teachers, 9 school administrators, and 6 coaches. Data analysis was performed through descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis, according to the nature of data. GBG had a high acceptance among teachers and school administrators. Professionals highlighted the importance of stimulating teamwork, the systematic use of rewards, and the objectivity of classroom rules. Acceptability was attributed, in large part, to the effectiveness of the strategy for classroom management. Nevertheless, this study highlighted the need of adaptations to better reflect the Brazilian societal and economic context.
Tendencia Suicida en Niños Accidentados
Authors: Santos Renata Paula Morais dos , Melo Mônica Cristina Batista de
Published: September 2016

Resumen La investigación intentó comprender los accidentes infantiles, considerando que esos eventos son, casi siempre, el resultado concreto de una denuncia de situaciones conflictivas y que pasan por hechos «ocasionales». Así, el objetivo fue investigar la posible tendencia suicida en niños entre los 6 y 12 años, hospitalizados en el Hospital da Restauração (Recife – PE/Brasil), por accidentes domésticos. Para el levantamiento de datos se utilizó un guion de entrevista semiestructurada, de carácter personal y familiar, destinado al niño y a su representante, como también la elaboración del Dibujo de la Familia, por parte del propio niño. Tras el análisis general de los resultados, puede afirmarse que, en los actos accidentales, aun cuando ocasionados por terceros, estaría reprimida una tendencia al suicidio. Los resultados indicaron una variedad de condicionantes personales y, principalmente, familiares, que pueden poner a los niños frente a un comportamiento de riesgo autodestructivo a corto y largo plazo.
Violência Contra Idosos na Família: Motivações, Sentimentos e Necessidades do Agressor
Authors: Silva Cirlene Francisca Sales , Dias Cristina Maria de Souza Brito
Published: September 2016

Resumo O aumento mundial da população idosa tem sido acompanhado por importantes demandas, dentre elas a violência contra a pessoa idosa, que merece especial atenção devido às sequelas físicas e psicológicas que acarreta. A literatura tem focalizado mais o idoso agredido, pouco se detendo ao agressor. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi investigar a violência contra idosos na família, da perspectiva do agressor, especificamente as motivações que os impeliram à violência, os sentimentos e as necessidades sentidas por eles. Pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, tendo dela participado 13 agressores familiares dos idosos. Utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada que foi examinado por meio da Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Os resultados indicam que houve a presença de violência com agressões verbais e físicas; as principais motivações foram uso de álcool, proximidade física, dependência financeira do agressor em relação ao idoso e relacionamento permeado de violência entre ambos; os sentimentos experimentados foram tristeza, decepção, raiva, injustiça, angústia e revolta; as necessidades se relacionam ao desejo de que o processo fosse encerrado, voltar à sua vida normal e conviver com o idoso. Conclui-se acerca da necessidade de acolhimento aos agressores com a finalidade de ajudá-los a ressignificar a experiência da violência.
A Psicologia Brasileira e os Povos Indígenas: Atualização do Estado da Arte
Authors: Ferraz Isabella Tormena , Domingues Eliane
Published: September 2016

Resumo De acordo com o último censo do IBGE (2010a), 0,4% da população brasileira é composta por indígenas, população que vem aumentando nos últimos anos e cresceu 39% em relação ao censo de 2000, embora ainda continue sendo uma população invisibilizada e só recentemente tenha começado a ser estudada pela Psicologia. Como marcos da recente aproximação da Psicologia com a temática indígena, destacamos: o relatório do seminário “Subjetividade e Povos Indígenas” (2004) e o livro “Psicologia e Povo Indígenas” (2010). O objetivo deste estudo é atualizar o estado da arte sobre os povos indígenas na Psicologia no Brasil, considerando duas bases de dados o PePSIC e a SciELO. Utilizando como palavras-chave “indígena” ou “índio” em toda coleção na primeira base e somente nas revistas de Psicologia na segunda, encontramos um total de 25 artigos, os quais foram lidos na íntegra e agrupados de acordo com os temas estudados. Concluímos que os artigos encontrados se caracterizam, por um lado, pela interdisciplinaridade, e por outro, pela falta de um referencial teórico bem-definido específico da área da Psicologia. Entendemos que a complexidade da temática demanda um olhar interdisciplinar, no entanto, a escassez de referências específicas da Psicologia nos indica que ainda temos muito a avançar, possivelmente pela aproximação recente da Psicologia com o estudo da temática e também pela própria constituição da Psicologia enquanto ciência pautada principalmente por tradições individualistas, que destoam das tradições indígenas que se baseiam principalmente no coletivismo.
Acanthaceae da Marambaia, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Braz Denise Monte , Azevedo Igor Henrique Freitas
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho consiste do tratamento taxonômico das Acanthaceae Juss. na Marambaia, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, e sua distribuição nas diferentes formações vegetais locais. Foram constatados cinco gêneros e nove espécies encontradas nos manguezais, na restinga e na floresta ombrófila, além de áreas urbanizadas. Thunbergia alata é introduzida e amplamente naturalizada no Brasil inteiro e Ruellia blechum é uma espécie neotropical também naturalizada; as demais espécies (Avicennia schaueriana, Aphelandra longiflora, Justicia brasiliana, J. cydoniifolia, J. plumbaginifolia, Ruellia solitaria e Schaueria litoralis) são nativas. São apresentadas chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações, comentários taxonômicos e a ocorrência nas formações vegetais locais, em outras restingas fluminenses e no Brasil. As espécies de Acanthaceae da Marambaia são recursos importantes para diferentes grupos de polinizadores e reúnem espécies típicas (Justicia brasiliana, J. cydoniifolia) e exclusivas (Schaueria litoralis) das restingas; essas espécies, juntamente com Avicennia schaueriana, são ameaçadas de extinção na flora fluminense.
Upper montane grassland structure within six subranges of Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil
Authors: Scheer Maurício Bergamini , Mocochinski Alan Yukio
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT The phytosociological structure of upper montane grasslands (high altitude grasslands) was studied in six subranges of Serra do Mar. Throughout 324 (1 m2) plot samples, we identified 195 taxa out of 280 taxa previously found in a floristic survey. Besides the general analysis of these communities, five physiognomies (synusiae) of these grasslands were previously determined based upon the species with greater cover. Cryptangium triquetrum and Croton mullerianus had the highest phytosociological importance value among the upper montane grasslands sampled in the present study. The first species was the most important of the grassy physiognomy of all sampled subranges and the second one of the shrubby physiognomy within three subranges. Chusquea pinifolia, Machaerina austrobrasiliensis, Deschampsia caespitosa, Gleichenella pectitata, Tibouchina dubia, Xyris stenophylla, Eryngium koehnearum and Eriochrysis holcoides were also structurally important. Although considerable species richness has been observed, the dominance of one or few species in the community was common in all subranges and physiognomies. In a brief comparison with upper montane vegetation studies (mainly on rocky outcrops) carried out in Southeastern Brazil, a low sharing of species was verified. Furthermore, the scarcity of studies in the literature regarding floristic and sociological structure of upper montane grasslands hampers a deeper analysis at level of species.
Florística e fitossociologia em três diferentes fitofisionomias campestres no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Silva Adriane Ribeiro da , Andrade Anna Luiza Pereira de , Velazco Santiago Elías , Galvão Franklin , Carmo Marta Regina Barrotto do
Published: September 2016

RESUMO A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar a composição e a estrutura de comunidades campestres, procurando discutir a similaridade florística entre as diferentes fitofisionomias e a influência da flora do Cerrado na sua composição. O estudo foi realizado no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha (PEVV) (25º12'34"-25º15'35"S e49º58'04"-50º03'37"W), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil. Para o levantamento foram alocadas 30 parcelas de 1 × 1 m em cada área,e acrescentadas coletas aleatórias nas fitofisionomias: campo seco (CS), campo úmido (CU) e campo rupestre (CR). Foram amostradas 283 espécies, sendo 163 espécies no CS, 87 no CU e 59 CR. Das espécies identificadas em nível específico,36,48% (85) foram citadas para áreas de Cerrado da região. As análises de agrupamento apontaram que as composições florísticas das três formações campestres são significativamente distintas entre si, isto se deve a diversos fatores, especialmente em relação ao regime hídrico do solo.