bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Burnout Syndrome Experienced by School Stakeholders in the Pandemic Process According to Teacher Opinions
Authors: DOĞAN Soner , ŞİMŞEK Bedriye , TUNÇER GÜNAY Emine
Published: September 2023

Burnout can be defined as an emotional state that reduces the enjoyment of the individual's relations with his environment and his/her work, gives a feeling of physical, mental and emotional fatigue and hopelessness which is frequently encountered in occupational groups with intense interpersonal interaction. In this context, nearly all school stakeholders are likely to experience burnout due to intense human relations among school stakeholders. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the burnout levels of school stakeholders in the context of teachers' perspectives in a phenomenology pattern by using the maximum diversity sampling method. The study group was formed with 30 teachers working in schools in Sivas. Research data were collected through a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. Content analysis method was used in the evaluation of the data. As a result of the research, teachers' perceptions of burnout and their thoughts on the state of burnout related to the teaching profession were determined. According to teachers’ opinions, it has been observed that the burnout levels of school stakeholders are high and their expectations from parents, students, school management and the Ministry of National Education are high in order to cope with the feeling of burnout.
Dönüşümcü Liderlik ve Psikolojik Sözleşme Arasındaki İlişkiye Yönelik Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: NİĞDELİOĞLU TURGAY Çiğdem , ÖZDEMİR Murat
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmada, okul yöneticilerinin dönüşümcü liderlik davranışı ve öğretmenlerin psikolojik sözleşme algıları arasındaki ilişki, ortaöğretim kurumlarında görevli öğretmenlerin görüşüne göre incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya Ankara iline bağlı dokuz metropoliten ilçede görev yapmakta olan 389 öğretmen katılmıştır. Araştırma verisi Dönüşümcü Liderlik Davranışı Envanteri ve Psikolojik Sözleşme Envanteri ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma verisi, betimsel istatistikler ve regresyon analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular okul yöneticilerinin dönüşümcü liderlik davranışını yüksek düzeyde gösterdikleri sonucunu vermiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin psikolojik sözleşme puanlarının da yüksek düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda dönüşümcü liderlik ile psikolojik sözleşme arasında pozitif yönde orta düzeyde ilişki olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucu dönüşümcü liderliğin öğretmenlerin psikolojik sözleşme algılarının anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlar okul yöneticilerinin dönüşümcü liderlik davranışının öğretmenlerin psikolojik sözleşme algısını pozitif yönde oluşturmada önemli bir etken olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu kapsamda okul yöneticilerinin dönüşümcü liderlik kapasitelerini artırmaya yönelik politikalar geliştirilmesi ve okul yöneticilerinin dönüşümcü liderlik uygulamalarını teşvik edici düzenlemeler yapılması önerilmiştir.
Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilere Okutulan Türkçe Alanı Yardımcı Ders Materyali Kitabındaki Metinlerin Derlem Tabanlı İncelenmesi
Authors: ARMUT Mustafa , ÖZER Esmehan , KARA Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada, özel yetenekli tanısı olup bilim ve sanat merkezlerine devam eden özel yetenekli öğrenciler için hazırlanıp okutulan Bilim ve Sanat Merkezleri Türkçe Alanı Yardımcı Ders Materyali Kitabının söz varlığı bakımından derlem tabanlı olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla Türkçe Veri Deposu programı kullanılarak otuz dokuz metin incelenmiştir. Metinlerin üzerinde derlem programına sokulmadan önce bazı düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Örneğin ayrı yazılan birleşik sözcükler ve özel adlar bitişik yazılmıştır. Sözcük kök ve gövdelerine gelen çekim ekleri çıkarılmıştır. Bu süreçte Güncel Türkçe Sözlük ile Kubbealtı Lugati’nden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda incelenen metinlerde farklı sözcük/toplam sözcük oranı, metinlerin sözcüksel yoğunlukları ve ilk yüz sözcüğün görünümü ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca metinlerdeki ilk yüz sözcüğün Türkçe Sıklık Sözlüğü’ndeki en sık kullanılan sözcükler ile karşılaştırılması ve metinlerdeki ilk yüz sözcük içindeki ad türünden sözcüklerin Türkçe Sıklık Sözlüğü’ndeki temalara göre incelenmesi sağlanarak veriler paylaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular alan yazın bağlamında tartışılarak öneriler sunulmuştur.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerine Yönelik Teknoloji Okuryazarlık Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: KASTALMİŞ Fatma , SABANCI Osman
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin teknoloji okuryazarlığına ne düzeyde sahip olduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlayan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ortaokullarda görev yapmakta olan toplamda 697 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerine yönelik teknoloji okuryazarlık ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu belirlemek için geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Oluşturulan ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek için Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. 382 öğretmenden elde edilen veriye AFA, 315 öğretmenden elde edilen veriye DFA uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda dört faktöre (yeni nesil eğitim teknolojilerini kullanmaya katılım ve süreç yönetimi, mesleki gelişim ve değişim, etik, tasarım ve öğrenme) sahip ve toplam varyansı %60.049 olan 27 maddelik nihai ölçme aracı oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan ölçeğin geneline ait Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısının 0.97 olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ölçeğin alt faktörlerine ilişkin güvenirlik katsayılarının ise 0.84 ile 0.98 aralığında değerler aldığı görülmektedir. Yapılan analizler ile ulaşılan bulgular, ölçeğin sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin teknoloji okuryazarlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılabilir olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Classroom Management and Leadership among EFL instructors: Self-Efficacy, Strengths, and Improvement Areas
Authors: GOKGOZ-KURT Burcu , KARAFERYE Figen
Published: September 2023

The present study investigated tertiary-level English as a Foreign Language Teachers’/Instructors’ beliefs and perceptions of classroom management, discipline, and leadership in the classroom. In order to achieve this aim, EFL instructors completed the Teacher Self-efficacy in Classroom Management and Discipline Scale and two other open-ended questions asking them about their strengths and areas of improvement in classroom management and leadership. As revealed by the findings, EFL teachers reported their teaching and classroom management self-efficacy as somewhat high, while their view of external influences was neutral. Regarding the role of background variables, only, the experience was found to positively affect the self-reported measure of classroom management and discipline self-efficacy. Analysis of the qualitative data from the responses to open-ended questions further corroborated and expanded the quantitative data revealing diverse perspectives regarding EFL teachers’ strengths and areas of improvement in managing their classrooms more effectively.
Ali Cevad’ın Muhtasar Osmanlı Tarihi ile Ortaöğretim 11. Sınıf Tarih Ders Kitabı’nda Kırım Harbi’nin Ele Alınış Şekli Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Değerlendirmesi
Authors: DUMAN Yeşim , TURAN Refik
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı Kırım Harbi’nin Ali Cevad’ın Muhtasar Osmanlı Tarihi ile Ortaöğretim 11. Sınıf Tarih Ders Kitabı’nda ele alınış şekli üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirmesini gerçekleştirmektir. Veriler, doküman analizi yöntemi aracılığıyla tarih alanyazınından ve Muhtasar Osmanlı Tarihi ile Ortaöğretim 11. Sınıf Tarih Ders Kitabı adlı kitaplardan elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler ile bahsi geçen kitaplar Kırım Harbi çerçevesinde incelenerek farklılıkları ortaya konmuştur. Ders kitaplarından ulaşılan verilerin değerlendirilmesi nitel analiz yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde tarih alanyazınında verilen bilgiler ile incelemesi gerçekleştirilen tarih ders kitaplarındaki bilgilerin çelişmediği ancak konu ile ilgili Muhtasar Osmanlı Tarihi ders kitabında verilen bilgiler ve ifadelerin az ve yüzeysel olduğu neticesi ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca 11. Sınıf Ortaöğretim Tarih Ders Kitabı’nda ise konu ile ilgili verilen bilgiler ve ifadelerin alanyazınında yapılan araştırmalar göz önünde bulundurularak önemli noktaların vurgulandığı, Muhtasar Osmanlı Tarihi ders kitabı ile karşılaştırıldığında ise konuya daha kapsamlı yer verildiği gözlemlenmiştir.
Kazaklara Türkçe Öğretiminde Karşılaştırmalı Çözümleme Yönteminin Kullanılması: Pedagojik Model Önerisi
Authors: DAURENBEK Saule , AÇIK Fatma
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı karşılaştırmalı çözümleme yöntemiyle Kazak öğrencilerin Türkçe dilbilimsel yeterliliklerini temel düzeyde geliştirmeye yönelik bütüncül ve uygulamalı bir pedagojik modeli ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle Türk soylulara Türkçe öğretiminde ortaya çıkan sorunlar, öğrenmeyi etkileyen unsurlar, Kazak öğrencilerin Türkçe dilbilgisi yapılarını öğrenmedeki psikodilbilimsel özellikleri, zorluk hiyerarşi düzeyleri ve buna yönelik dilbilimsel yeterlilikleri incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonrasında elde edilen verilerden faydalanılarak karşılaştırmalı çözümleme yöntemine dayalı pedagojik bir model sunulmuştur. Bu pedagojik model üç aşamadan oluşmaktadır. İlgili modelde karşılaştırmalı çözümleme yöntemiyle etkili bir öğretimi gerçekleştirebilmek için kullanılması gereken öğretim ilke ve stratejileri, öğretim etkinlikleri, öğretmen ve öğrencinin rolleri tanımlanmıştır. Bu model, Türk soylulara Türkçe öğretimi çerçevesinde ilgili öğrencilerin dilbilimsel yeterliliklerini geliştirmeyi amaçlayan çalışmalarda kullanılabileceği gibi hedef kitleye yönelik ders materyallerinin hazırlanmasına yönelik çalışmalarda da kullanılabilir.
Organizma Metaforu Bağlamında Okul Örgütleri: Bir Model Önerisi
Authors: İRBAN Demet
Published: September 2023

Metafor örgütleri anlamaya, tanımaya, özelliklerini ortaya çıkarmaya, yeni bakış açısından görmeye olanak tanır. Metafor, sosyal gerçeğin mecazi olarak yansıtılmasıdır. Metaforda benzetme bulunur. Araştırmacılar, örgüt kuramında, belli problemleri ve durumu anlamada örgüt metaforunu kullanmışlardır. Karar verme, liderlik, örgütsel gelişme ve değişme, insan kaynağı geliştirme, politika, strateji, örgüt kültürü, örgüt deseni ve üretim yönetimi gibi örgüt uygulamalarının analizinde de metaforlar kullanılmıştır. Organizma metaforu, örgütü tıpkı canlılar gibi yaşaması için canlı bir varlığa benzeterek çevresiyle alışveriş içerisinde olması gerektiğini belirtir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yapı ve işlev bakımından bir organizmaya benzetilen okul örgütlerinin, hızla değişen ve gelişen dünyaya uyum sağlayabilmeleri için organizma metaforu bağlamında değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaca ulaşmak üzere alanyazın taranmış ve araştırmacı tarafından organizma metaforu bağlamında bir model önerisi geliştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında organizma metaforu incelenmiş, organizma metaforunun güçlü ve zayıf yönleri verilmiş ve bu metafor içerisinde bulunan yönetim kuramlarından bahsedilerek, okul örgütlerinin işleyişi organizma metaforu bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Okulların sürekli gelişen örgütler olabilmesi ve tıpkı yaşayan organizmalar gibi işlevsel, sistemli ve bir bütün içerisinde işleyebilmeleri için gelişen okul modeli geliştirilmiştir. Model; okulun paydaşları (yönetici, öğretmen, öğrenci, veli), okulun ihtiyaçları, çevre, organizma metaforu ve gelişen okul olmak üzere beş boyuttan oluşmuştur.
Coğrafya Öğretmenlerinin Öğretim Programı Okuryazarlık Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DÜNDAR Erkan , SÖZCÜ Ufuk , TÜRKER Abdullah
Published: September 2023

Öğretim programları bir ders yahut konu vesilesiyle öğrencilere kazandırılacak bilgi, beceri ve değerleri belirlemekte; öğrenme süreçlerine yol göstermektedir. Örgün eğitim kurumlarında okutulacak derslerin anayasası olarak değerlendirebileceğimiz öğretim programlarının öğretmenler tarafından doğru biçimde anlaşılması öğretim süreci için büyük katkı sağlar. Coğrafya öğretmenlerinin öğretim programı okuryazarlık düzeylerinin incelendiği bu araştırma deneysel olmayan nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Türkiye’deki farklı illerde görev yapan 333 coğrafya öğretimi ile yürütülen araştırmanın verileri Keskin ve Korkmaz (2021) tarafından geliştirilen “Öğretim Programı Okuryazarlığı Algı Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmacılar tarafından çevrim içi form hâline dönüştürülen ölçek gönüllülük esasına dayanarak coğrafya öğretmenleri tarafından doldurulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda coğrafya öğretmenlerinin öğretim programı okuryazarlığı düzeyi algılarının cinsiyete ve mezun olunan fakülte türüne göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir. Program geliştirme çalışmasına katılan, mesleki kıdemi yüksek olan ve öğretim programını sıklıkla kullanan coğrafya öğretmenlerinin öğretim programı okuryazarlık düzeyi algılarının yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları ışığında coğrafya öğretmenlerine öğretim programı ile ilgili eğitimler verilmesi, gelecekteki öğretim programı hazırlama çalışmalarına coğrafya öğretmenlerinin daha fazla dâhil edilmeleri, programın kullanım sıklığının artırmasına yönelik çalışmalar yapılması ve kıdemli öğretmenlerin tecrübelerini diğer öğretmenlere aktarmasının sağlanması önerilmektedir.
Çevre Eğitimi Dersinin Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Çevre Etik Görüşlerindeki Değişime Etkisi
Authors: YALÇIN ÇELİK Ayşe , K.ÇOBAN Özgür , KOÇAK Edanur , AKKUŞ Hüseyin
Published: September 2023

Çevre kirliliklerinin yarattığı sorunlar gün yüzüne çıkmaya başlamasıyla birlikte bunların çözümü için çevre etiği eğitimi bir çıkış yolu olarak gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çevre sorunlarının nedenleri ve sonuçlarına yönelik gerçekleştirilen çevre eğitiminin üniversite öğrencilerinin çevreye yönelik değerlerine, yaklaşımlarına ve etik görüşlerine etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırma zayıf deneysel desen esas alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu farklı fakültelerde eğitim alan 109 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yansıtıcı bireysel görüş formu araştırmanın başında ve sonunda çalışma grubuna uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmanın sonunda öğrencilerden elde edilen bulguları teyit etmek amacıyla görüş teyit formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre çevre eğitimi dersini alan üniversite öğrencilerinin araştırma süresince; çevreye yönelik değerlerinin faydacı değerden içsel değere, çevre etik yaklaşımlarının insan merkezci yaklaşımdan canlı ve çevre merkezci yaklaşımlara ve çevre etiği görüşlerinin ise gevşek ve sıkı insan merkezci görüşlerden derin ekoloji görüşüne değiştiği ve bu değişimlerin kay kare analizi yapılarak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlardan yola çıkılarak çevre eğitiminin katılımcıların çevre sorunlarının çözümüne yönelik davranışlarındaki değişime etkisinin araştırıldığı çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.
Teachers’ Views on The Influence Tactics Used By School Administrators
Authors: KORKMAZ Yusuf , KOŞAR Didem
Published: September 2023

The aim of this research is to reveal the influence tactics adopted by the school administrators working in the official secondary schools of Kırıkkale city center and to examine the importance of the influence tactics and their effects on the education and training process according to the views of the teachers working in these schools. Qualitative research and phenomenology design was used in the study. The research was conducted with 16 teachers. Maximum diversity sampling among purposive sampling methods was used. The data obtained with the semi-structured interview form were analyzed with the content analysis technique. According to the results of the research, it is seen that the moderate influence tactics used by the administrators in secondary schools can create an efficient working environment and peaceful climate in schools as well as increasing the organizational citizenship behaviors of teachers. On the other hand, it is seen that the use of harsh influence tactics causes negative attitudes among teachers and behaviors such as uneasiness, low motivation, grouping and failure. Administrators should prefer more moderate tactics for the effective functioning of the schools.
Eğitim Yönetimi Alanındaki Kongrelerin Görünümü
Authors: ÇİLEK Adem
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Uluslararası Eğitim Yönetimi Kongresi ve Eğitim Yönetimi Forumu kapsamında sunulan bildirileri ve bu bildirilerin çeşitli açılardan değerlendirilip yorumlanmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, araştırma nitel araştırma yöntem ve tekniklerinin kullanılarak yapılandırıldığı bir durum çalışmasıdır. Araştırma verileri doküman incelemesi yoluyla toplanmış, içerik analizi türlerinden betimsel içerik analizi yöntemi ve kategorik çözümleme teknikleri ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri Eğitim Yönetimi Alanına İlişkin Düzenlenen Kongrelerdeki Bildirileri İnceleme Formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Kongrelerde sunulan bildirilere yönelik bulgular incelendiğinde; bildiri sayısının yıllar içinde artış gösterdiği ve bildirilerin çoğunluğunun iki yazarlı bildirilerden oluştuğu, çalışmalar farklı eğitim kademeleri üzerinde gerçekleşmesine rağmen okul öncesi eğitim kademesi üzerinde gerçekleştirilen araştırmaların sayıca az olduğu, bildirilerde belirtilen örnekleme belirleme yöntemlerinden çoğunlukla amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinin seçildiği, bildiri verilerinin çoğunlukla öğretmenler üzerinden toplandığı, örneklem bölgesi olarak Batı Anadolu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinde çalışmaların yoğunlaştığı; nitel araştırma türündeki bildirilerin daha yoğun olduğu ve bunu nicel araştırma türündeki bildirilerin izlediği, veri toplama aracı olarak çoğunlukla anket ve görüşme tekniğinin kullanıldığı, betimsel ya da içerik analizinin yanı sıra betimsel istatistiklerin de analiz yöntemi olarak daha çok kullanıldığı görülmektedir.
Repercussions of the use of probiotics in the treatment of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Luana Azevedo Dourado , Bianca Braga Gomes , Cainã Araújo Saraiva , Sandriny Maria de Almeida Oliveira , Sávio Benvindo Ferreira
Published: September 2023

The dysbiotic microbiota is one of the clinical findings in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), and this intestinal imbalance is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. With this, probiotic supplementation presents itself as a possible adjuvant therapy to improve this dysbiosis, due to the contribution to the integrity of the intestinal barrier. In this context, this study aims to explain the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and CKD and the repercussions of the use of probiotics on the prognosis of these patients. For this, a narrative review was developed, using the LILACS, MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases, in which articles available in full from the last 5 years, in Portuguese and English, were included. The indication of probiotics as a complementary therapy in renal patients was verified due to the disturbed intestinal microbiome, which aggravates the patient’s inflammatory state. Thus, the supplementation of probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus rauteri LRE02, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, and Lactobacillus casei shirota, acts in the reduction of nephrotoxic substances derived from metabolism in the dysbiotic intestine, in the reduction of urea levels and creatinine levels, in addition to lower levels of C-reactive protein. Thus, the administration of probiotics has been shown to be a precursor in the modulation of toxins derived from the altered microbiota in these patients. On the other hand, there is still controversy about the use of this therapy, because despite improvements in biochemical manifestations, the effective impact on the preservation of glomerular filtration rate is still poorly understood.
A simple Node-RED implementation for digital twins in the area of manufacturing
Authors: Blessing Ngonidzashe Musungate , Tuncay Ercan
Published: September 2023

Interest in digital twins continues to strengthen with technological advancements in Industrial IoT. A digital twin is a virtual representation that models a physical object and effectively provides a two-way interaction with the real system. Digital twin models can be set up to test or analyze industrial applications before deployment thereby improving the efficiency of industries. In this work, a Node-RED implementation for digital twins in the manufacturing sector is developed. Plastic injection molding is the chosen case study for the implementation of this digital twin. Node-RED is a platform that allows developers to quickly build Internet of Things applications using a simple web browser interface. The digital twin uses the Random Forest Classifier algorithm to do predictive maintenance tasks including classification of quality of products. An easy-to-use dashboard is developed to enable the user to interact with the digital twin. Important modules such as communication with the real environment, SMS, and email notifications are successfully implemented in the digital twin. The findings show that it is feasible to build a Node-RED digital twin. The flexibility of Node-RED makes it suitable for building architecture of varying complexity.
DOT BLOT - DENGUE VIRUS v1
Authors: Piedad Recalde-Reyes Delia
Published: September 2023

Es un inmunoensayo simple y rápido. Requiere la aplicación de una pequeña cantidad de muestra directamente sobre una membrana polivinilo PVDF, en la que se deposita antigeno total de DENV y posteriormente se expone a suero humano diluido en TBS-T 1:200, para posteriormente, ser detectado con anticuerpo IgG anti human marcado con fosfatasa alcalina diluido en TBS-T (1:5000). La reacción se visualiza a simple vista al visualizar la presencia de un punto de color violeta (reactivo o positivo) o la ausencia de este (no reactivo o negativo). Este protocolo fue desarrollado gracias al apoyo administrativo de la CUE Alexander von Humboldt de Armenia y desarrollado dentro de la convocatoria de Minciencia 917 de estancia en investigación: Desarrollo de una prueba tipo Western blot, Dot blot e Inmunofluorescencia para detección de antígenos virales de dengue serotipos 1 – 4.
Association of placental histology with the pulsatility index of fetal and uteroplacental vessels during pregnancy and with birthweight z-score
Authors: Odendaal Hein , Geerts Lut , Wright Colleen , Roberts Drucilla , Schubert Pawel , Boyd Theonia , Brink Lucy , Nel Daan
Published: September 2023

Aims: To compare macro- and microscopic features of the placenta with the pulsatility index (PI) of the uterine (UtA), umbilical (UA) and middle cerebral arteries (MCA) at 20-24 and 34-38 weeks’ gestation, and with birthweight z-scores (BWZS). Methods: Recruitment for the XXX Study (XXX), which investigated the association of alcohol and tobacco use with stillbirth and sudden infant death syndrome, were done from August 2007 to January 2015 at community clinics with assessments at XXX Hospital in XXX, XXX. The population represents a predominantly homogenous population of pregnant women from a low socioeconomic residential area. This study is a further analysis of the data of the XXX. It consists of 1205 singleton pregnancies for which placental histology was available, of whom 1022 and 979 had fetoplacental Doppler examinations at 20-24 and 34-38 weeks, respectively, and 1035 had a known BWZS. Features of the placenta were assessed according to international norms. Results: Significantly higher ORs for the presence of individual and combined features of maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) were found with lower BWZS and higher UtA PI values, more consistently than with higher UA PI values. Strongest associations were for a small placenta (UtA OR 4.86 at 20-24 and 5.92 at 34-38 weeks; UA OR 5.33 at 20-24 and 27.01 at 34-38 weeks; low BWZS OR 0.31), for macroscopic infarction (UtA OR 6.08 at 20-24 weeks; UA OR 17.02 at 34-38 weeks; low BWZS OR 0.62), for microscopic infarction (UtA OR 6.84 at 20-24 and 10.9 at 34-38 weeks; low BWZS OR 0.62 ), and for accelerated maturation (UtA OR 11.68 at 20-24 weeks and 18.46 at 34-38 weeks; low BWZS 0.61). Conclusion: There is considerable variability in the associations between individual features of MVM and increased UtA or UA PI and low BWZS. Although all MVM features currently carry equal weight in defining the condition of MVM, our data suggest that some should carry more weight than others. Macroscopic examination of the placenta may be helpful in identifying placental insufficiency as a small placenta and macroscopic infarction were the features most strongly associated with outcomes.
Covid-19 Pandemic and Medicines Regulation in Ghana: Overview and Perspectives of Regulators
Authors: Darko Delese , Boateng Olivia
Published: September 2023

Background: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, impacted health systems around the world resulting in a surge in demand for medicines and therapeutic interventions to combat the pandemic. Medicine regulatory agencies played a crucial role in ensuring the safety, quality, and efficacy of medicines. Regulatory agencies streamlined regulatory processes and made them flexible to tackle the urgent need for COVID-19 interventions. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted regulatory agencies on the importance of global regulatory collaboration and harmonization. Following the pandemic, regulatory agencies continually aim to ensure global alignment in regulatory standards, facilitate data sharing, and streamline regulatory processes to optimize their activities and preparedness for future emergencies. Objective: The objective of this study was to have an overview of medicines regulation following the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and regulator’s perspective on the associated regulatory adaptations. Method: The study was conducted through qualitative open-ended interviews. It was carried out within the head office of the Ghana Food and Drugs Authority; the sole regulator of medicines in the country. Interviews were audio-recorded with the consent of participants and transcribed for analysis. After transcription data was categorized into themes and analyzed using a generic thematic analysis method. Results: Ghana's medicines regulatory system, governed by the Food and Drugs Authority (FDA) developed a system which encompassed pre-market approval, post-market surveillance, pharmacovigilance activities, and approval of clinical trials, aimed at safeguarding public health. To address the urgent need for COVID-19 treatments and vaccines, regulators worldwide, including Ghana, implemented emergency use authorization (EUA) processes, demonstrated regulatory flexibility by adopting alternative assessment approaches and streamlining processes without compromising safety and quality standards. The Food and Drugs Authority along with other stakeholders and opinion leaders played a crucial role in disseminating accurate information and debunking myths and misconceptions about the pandemic to empower citizens with accurate information, dispel misinformation, and promote adherence to preventive measures. Conclusion: The importance of resourcefulness and the adoption of sustainable practices, working smarter, saving resources, embracing virtual trainings, and introducing dynamic assessment practices have been highlighted to have reshaped activities of the Authority. These lessons can serve as valuable guides in building a more efficient, collaborative, and environmentally conscious future as we continue to navigate the post pandemic world.
Evolving Concepts and Controversies in Interstitial Lung diseases: Update in 2023
Authors: Wawryko Paul , S. Yi Eunhee
Published: September 2023

Recent studies elicited evolving concepts and controversies in interstitial lung diseases and proposed substantial changes in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to interstitial lung diseases. Dr. Averill A. Liebow first coined the term usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in 1960’s as distinct pathologic pattern of fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the prototype of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease with poor prognosis. Advances in omics led to a better understanding of molecular pathogenesis of UIP and shed light on various types of familial pulmonary fibrosis as well as familial IPF. The concept of progressive pulmonary fibrosis was introduced to acknowledge additional types of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases with the clinical and pathologic phenotypes very similar to those of UIP/IPF. As such, some authors have proposed a paradigm shift by considering UIP as a stand-alone diagnostic entity to encompass other fibrosing interstitial lung diseases that undergo the same relentless progression as IPF. Cicatricial organizing pneumonia is a variant of organizing pneumonia that can be reminiscent of UIP on histopathology but usually follows a stable clinical course unlike UIP. There has been significant disconnection in fundamental understanding as well as diagnostic criteria of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia among pathologists, pulmonologists and radiologists, which needs to be resolved. The concept and histopathologic criteria of granulomatous and lymphocytic interstitial lung disease are also elusive and require clarification as well. In this review, these topics will be covered based on current literature.
Bayesian estimation for the type-I hybrid xgamma distribution using asymmetric loss function
Authors: Yadav Abhimanyu Singh
Published: September 2023

This article proposes the Bayes estimation of the parameter and reliability function for xgamma distribution in the presence of type-I hybrid censored observations. The Bayes estimate of the parameter has been obtained by assuming informative and non-informative priors using general entropy loss function. Obviously, censoring adds difficulties in estimation procedure; hence the Bayes estimators computed with type-I hybrid censored observation under the mentioned prior often do not assume any standard form. Therefore, Bayes estimates are computed using Tierney-Kadane approximation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo numerical technique. Further, different interval estimates namely asymptotic confidence interval, bootstrap confidence interval and highest posterior density interval along with the width of the interval and coverage probability are also discussed. The maximum likelihood estimate for the same has also been computed using non- linear maximization iterative procedure and compared with corresponding Bayes estimates using Monte Carlo simulations. The comparison of the estimators are made in terms of average loss over whole sample space and corresponding length of the interval. lastly, one medical data set has been considered for the real application of the proposed study.
Prediction of KLCI Index Through Economic LASSO Regression Model and Model Averaging
Authors: Pillay Khuneswari Gopal , Lin Soh Pei
Published: September 2023

The Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) Bursa Malaysia KLCI Index is a key component in the development of Malaysia's economic growth and the complexity in terms of identifying the factors that have a substantial impact on the Malaysian stock market has always been a contentious issue. In this study, the macroeconomic factors of exchange rate, interest rate, gold price, consumer price index, money supply M1, M2, and M3, industrial production, and oil price were discussed by using economic LASSO regression and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) with monthly average and monthly end time-series data spanning from January 2015 to June 2021, with a total of 78 observations by using the R Studio. The findings demonstrate that month-end data is better suited for stock market prediction than month-average data and that the BMA model is more suitable than the LASSO model, as seen by lower Mean Square Error of Prediction, MSE(P) and Residual Mean Square Error of Prediction, RMSE(P) values. The exchange rate, gold price, and money supply have a negative association with the dependent variables, while the consumer price index has a positive relationship associated with the dependent variables. The consumer price index is the most significant contributing factor, whereas gold price is the least significant. The result depicted that the KLCI index has no significant relationship with the variables interest rate, money supply M2, M1, industrial production index, and oil price. In conclusion, investors could specifically focus on the positive contributor and put lesser attention on improving their portfolio return.
Current key to clinical success in pulp capping: A review
Authors: Chandani Roshni , Mishra Preeti , Nikhil Vineeta
Published: September 2023

The aim of pulp capping is the preservation of tooth vitality by forming a barrier between the pulp and the surrounding environment. A successful formation of this barrier avoids the need for further treatment and helps in the conservation of the pulp-dentin complex. A mineralized tissue barrier can only be formed when there is a significant reduction in pulp inflammation and infection. The initiation of the healing process in pulpal inflammation presents a beneficial chance to ensure the long-term effectiveness of pulp capping treatment. Various materials employed for pulp capping induce the formation of a mineralized tissue barrier, which is a favorable response. Therefore, this review focuses on when and where to perform the procedure for the preservation of pulpal vitality and the assessment of the outcome of pulp capping to understand the successfulness of the treatment. It also focuses on methods that lead us towards a fortunate treatment.
NiTi rotary system in endodontics – An overview
Authors: K Asha , Ghivari Sheetal , Pujar Madhu , Sait Sameer
Published: September 2023

Success of root canal treatment depends on complete removal of microorganisms which is done through chemomechanical instrumentation of root canal system. To achieve this, earlier stainless steel files were used which had inherent disadvantages of excessive tooth cutting as well as straightening of the canal curvature. This Eventually led to introduction of NiTi alloy which has proven to be a valuable adjunct in root canal preparation. These NiTi files are highly flexible and elastic due to their Metallurgical properties like Austenite, Martensite, Intermediate R phase. It has got greater strength and modulus of elasticity making them more beneficial in curved canals. Over the evolution various changes have taken place within the NiTi rotary systems and various generations too. Thus the Objective of this Review article is to completely discuss about Evolution, Metallurgy, Mechanical properties, Generations of NiTi rotary system.
Cyclic fatigue in endodontics: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ahlat Mete
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to measure the effects and relationships of cyclical fatigue in scientific studies with bibliometric analysis methods in the field of endodontics, and to identify the main trends supported by visualization.

Studies on "cyclic fatigue" in the field of endodontics were searched in Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus academic databases on 30 August 2022, including publications for 2022. The Pandas Library, one of the Python libraries, was used to compile the data obtained from two different data sources, the Biblioshiny program was used in the analysis of the data, and the Tableau program was used to visualize the data.

As a result of the first search on the WoS, 554 articles were reached. If the same search strategy in the PubMed database was searched, 452 articles were reached. By using PubMed ID numbers of the articles in the data set downloaded from the PubMed, 364 more articles were found by searching the WoS again. By combining both data sets, duplicates were extracted and 682 articles were obtained from the WoS database. As a result of the scans, a total of 905 articles were reached, including 682 articles in the WoS and 223 articles in Scopus. Since it is assumed that any article can be indexed in more than one data source, duplicate data control were performed in the combined data set, and it was determined that there were 171 duplicate data points deleted from the data set. As a result, 734 studies were obtained.

It is seen that the effort of endodontists to develop new formations and designs of NiTi rotary files in order to facilitate the cleaning and shaping of root canals during root canal treatment, and the number of articles on this subject continues to increase.
Nitinol advancements in endodontics: Heat treatment and surface functionalization of NiTi instruments
Authors: Bhagwatkar Deepti , Farookh Faseeh Muhammed Bin , Pavithra Bellamkonda Neeha , Tabassum Wajeeda , Tiwari Piyush , Garg Bhawna
Published: September 2023

Nitinol, a nickel-titanium alloy known for its exceptional properties of shape memory, superelasticity, and biocompatibility, has revolutionized the field of endodontics. This article explores the evolutionary journey of Nitinol in endodontics, highlighting its historical inception and subsequent integration into dental instruments. The article delves into pivotal advancements such as heat treatment and surface functionalization, showcasing their transformative effects on the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of Nitinol instruments. The discussion encompasses terms related to NiTi file design, including helical flute angles, pitch, cutting edges, rake angles, radial lands, cross-sectional shapes, and taper. Moreover, the article elucidates the modes of movement employed by NiTi files, including continuous rotary motion, reciprocating motion, and axial motion, emphasizing their significance in enhancing precision and minimizing risks. Through an exploration of Nitinol's evolution and its impact on endodontic procedures, this article underscores the symbiotic relationship between innovative materials and the evolving landscape of dentistry.
Management of an Ellis Class IV fracture with open apex using MTA -A case report
Authors: Narainia Saksham
Published: September 2023

Management of immature necrotic permanent teeth imposes a challenge to the clinician as they cannot be managed with routine endodontic treatment. To treat such a tooth; thorough disinfection of the root canal system followed by an apical barrier to obturate the canal is required. This case report demonstrates management of an anterior necrotic tooth with an open apex using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) for apexification. The tooth was thoroughly disinfected using antimicrobial irrigants. Calcium hydroxide dressing was given for a period of 1 week followed by an apical plug of 4-5 mm of MTA. A fiber post and composite core were given to finally restore the tooth with a full coverage crown. The positive clinical outcome of the case supports the use of MTA apexification for the management of open apex.
Management of large furcal defect -1.5 year follow up: A case report
Authors: Prachi  , Deepanshi  , Arya Ashtha , Grewal Mandeep S. , Thapak Gaurav
Published: September 2023

In about 2 -12 % perforation may occur while doing a root canal or post placement. Perforation can be pathological or mechanical. Treatment outcome will depend on several factors size, position, time lapse, sealing ability of the material used. In this case report patient came with furcation defect which was managed with MTA and patient was kept on follow for 1.5 year.
Middle mesial canal - A mystery in mandibular first molar: Report of two cases
Authors: Rathinasamy Naveenkumar , Paulaian Benin , Meyappan Nagammai , Alexander Arvind Kumar
Published: September 2023

Endodontic therapy aims at disinfection of the root canal system. Efforts are made by root canal instrumentation and chemical disinfection to remove the infected pulp tissue and debris from the root canal space. However due to variations in canal anatomy, it is impossible to instrument all the parts of canal and that may lead to persistence or progression of infection. Thorough knowledge of tooth morphology is important to improve the success rate of endodontic treatment. Missed canals are considered to be an important factor for endodontic failure and about 4% cases treated by specialists also reported have shown to have missed canals. Hence use of all the available methods to detect the additional aberrant canals and disinfection of them during root canal treatment procedure is essential for favorable endodontic outcome.
To Evaluate the Maternal and Foetal Outcome in Parturients Undergoing Caesarean Section for Pre-Eclampsia Under Spinal and General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Prospective Study
Authors: Chadha Himank , Aggarwal Reema , Prasad Ramnandan
Published: September 2023

Background: Pre-eclampsia has always been a challenge to the anaesthesiologist, in terms of choosing which type of anaesthesia to prefer. This present study was done to evaluate the maternal and foetal outcome in patients of caesarean section for pre-eclampsia under spinal and general anaesthesia.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 60 parturients, ASA 1 and 2 who underwent caesarean section for pre-eclampsia. These parturients were randomly and divided into two groups, Group S receiving spinal anesthesia and Group G receiving general anesthesia. For maternal outcome, the parturients were monitored for Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Oxygen Saturation. Post-operative ICU admissions, convulsions, and pulmonary edema chances were seen. For fetal outcome, APGAR score was noted at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth of child.
Results: The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate were comparable in both the groups in the pre-operative period and at induction. However, intraoperatively, these parameters were significantly lower in the spinal anaesthesia group as compared to general anesthesia group (p<0.05). The Apgar Score was also found to be significantly higher in the newborns in spinal anaesthesia group as compared to general anaesthesia group. Post-operatively, more number of ICU admissions were seen in general anaesthesia group as compared to spinal anaesthesia group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Spinal Anaesthesia can be considered as a first choice of anaesthesia in parturients undergoing caesarean section for preeclampsia with better hemodynamic control in intra-operative period and lesser chances of post-operative morbidity and mortality.
Optimal Place for Precordial Stethoscope Attachment in Nonintubated Children under Two Years of Age: An Observational Trial
Authors: Ito Hidekazu , Mizuno Shoji , Iio Kenji
Published: September 2023

Background: The precordial stethoscope is a non-invasive monitoring method in pediatric anesthesia. We previously investigated optimal place for its attachment among intubated children under two years old. Now we also did in nonintubated children under two years old.
Methods: Twenty-five patients who underwent general anesthesia in our institution were involved in this study. Lung and heart sounds via precordial stethoscope were recorded (MP3 format) at the six places: Site A (paratracheal region), B (suprasternal notch), C (between place of the nipple and clavicle on the left midclavicular line), D (between place of the costal arch and nipple on the left midclavicular line), E (horizontal level of Site D on the left midaxillary line), and F (epigastric fossa). Two blinded evaluators scored random sorted lung and heart sounds on a 10-point scale (0: cannot hear at all and 10: can hear clearly) individually.
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between Sites A: 10.0 (8.5–10.0), B: 9.0 (2.5–9.5), C: 8.0 (6.5-9.0) and D: 1.5 (1.0–6.5), E: 4.5 (1.5–7.0), F: 1.0 (0.0–4.5) for lung sounds and between Sites B: 9.0 (5.0–10.0), C: 9.5 (8.0–10.0), D: 9.0 (4.5–9.5) and A: 0.0 (0.0–0.0), E: 0.5 (0.0–2.5), F: 0.5 (0.0–0.5) for heart sounds.
Conclusion: Site C is the optimal place for precordial stethoscope attachment for children under two years of age during general anesthesia
Anaesthesia Management of Case of Atrial Septal Defect (Cardiac Disease) for Proximal Humerus Fracture (Non-Cardiac Case)
Authors: Suryavanshi Krunal , Deshpande Jyoti
Published: September 2023

Atrial Septal Defect is most common congenital developmental acyanotic cardiac anomaly. There is left to right shunt of blood in normal compensated state. In decompensated state, the shunt is reversed and flow is from right to left side causing heart failure and thrombo-embolic event. Here, we report a case of Humerus fracture with large ASD, managed under General Anaesthesia with Interscalene block without any deleterious effects like Venous Air Embolism, Spontaneous Reversal of Shunt etc. As patient was in Beach chair position.
Anaesthetic Management of Pediatric Patient with Osteogenesis Imperfecta Posted for Radius Ulna Nailing: A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Rawekar Shreya Rajendra
Published: September 2023

Osteogenesis Imperfecta is a collagen disorder of autosomal dominant type caused by mutation of type COLIA-1 and COLIA-2 genes. Orthopaedic surgery in paediatric patient patients of OI is challenging mainly due to difficult airway and risk of malignant hyperthermia. Here we report, a paediatric case of OI with similar family history posted for radius ulna nailing which was managed with total intravenous anaesthesia and supraclavicular brachial plexus block.
Factors determining shopping and selection of retail store outlets, A study
Authors: Barreto Nigel , Silveira Cedric
Published: September 2023

Retail business is in the limelight nowadays. Not only are their margins getting bigger but also are the sizes of the outlets. To intrude into the retail industry a questionnaire was designed wherein the following questions were asked. First of all the factors that drive customers to shop at certain and particular stores over others in the retail industry of Goa were looked into. Secondly, if there was any correlation between store digitization and consumer buying satisfaction. Thirdly, if there was any correlation between consumer buying behavior and brand loyalty.  And lastly if there was any correlation between retail discount and consumer footfall. The findings were as follows: nearness to the residence was ranked number 1, followed by quality of the product, assortment of merchandise, ambience, discounts given and knowledgeable staff in the store. A low level of correlation existed between digitalization and consumer buying satisfaction, a high level of correlation existed between consumer buying behavior and brand loyalty and a high correlation existed between retail discount and store reputation.
Does the millennial and non-millennial generations moderate the relationship between brand loyalty and brand experience?
Authors: Pebrianti Wenny , Miranda Ninda
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of brand experience on brand loyalty by mediating affective commitment and the millennial and non-millennial generation as moderating variables for Xiaomi smartphone users in Pontianak. The population in this study is the people of Pontianak who use Xiaomi brand smartphones. The number of samples in this study were 100 respondents using the sampling technique, namely non-probability sampling with purposive sampling method. The data analysis method used in this research is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that brand experience had a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. Brand experience has a positive and significant effect on affective commitment. Affective commitment has a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. Furthermore, the results obtained that affective commitment mediates the effect of brand experience on brand loyalty. The test of the moderating effect of the millennial generation moderating the effect of affective commitment on brand loyalty has a positive and significant effect. In addition, the test of the moderating effect of the non-millennial generation moderating the effect of affective commitment on brand loyalty has a positive and significant effect