bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distal CA1 Maintains a More Coherent Spatial Representation than Proximal CA1 When Local and Global Cues Conflict
Authors: Deshmukh Sachin S.
Published: October 2021

Entorhinal cortical projections show segregation along the transverse axis of CA1, with the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) sending denser projections to proximal CA1 (pCA1) and the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) sending denser projections to distal CA1 (dCA1). Previous studies have reported functional segregation along the transverse axis of CA1 correlated with the functional differences in MEC and LEC. pCA1 shows higher spatial selectivity than dCA1 in these studies. We employ a double rotation protocol, which creates an explicit conflict between the local and the global cues, to understand the differential contributions of these reference frames to the spatial code in pCA1 and dCA1 in male Long–Evans rats. We show that pCA1 and dCA1 respond differently to this local-global cue conflict. pCA1 representation splits as predicted from the strong conflicting inputs it receives from MEC and dCA3. In contrast, dCA1 rotates more in concert with the global cues. In addition, pCA1 and dCA1 display comparable levels of spatial selectivity in this study. This finding differs from the previous studies, perhaps because of richer sensory information available in our behavior arena. Together, these observations indicate that the functional segregation along proximodistal axis of CA1 is not of the amount of spatial selectivity but that of the nature of the different inputs used to create and anchor spatial representations.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSubregions of the hippocampus are thought to play different roles in spatial navigation and episodic memory. It was previously thought that the distal part of area CA1 of the hippocampus carries lesser information about space than proximal CA1 (pCA1). We report that distal CA1 (dCA1) spatial representation moves more in concert with the global cues than pCA1 when the local and the global cues conflict. We also show that spatial selectivity is comparable along the proximodistal axis in this experimental protocol. Thus, different parts of the brain receiving differential outputs from pCA1 and dCA1 receive spatial information in different spatial reference frames encoded using different sets of inputs, rather than different amounts of spatial information as thought earlier.
The Potential Use of Raw Iron Ore in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Mubenesha Samuel , Okoye-Chine Chike George , Ramutsindela Franscina Katuchero , Gorimbo Joshua , Moyo Mahluli , Liu Xinying
Published: October 2021

Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis has been studied in the literature as a greener pathway to cleaner and sustainable hydrocarbons production. However, the cost to upscale laboratory FT formulations to pilot scale is significantly expensive. This work proposes a cheaper and scalable low-temperature FT modified iron ore catalyst that is mechanically suited for fixed bed reactors. The mechanical strength reported in this investigation was three times more than commercial alumina spherical pellets and, therefore, suitable for pilot scale scenarios. A manufacturing cost analysis of iron ore was estimated to be US$38.45/kg using the CatCost model, and the conventionally prepared iron catalyst was US$71.44/kg using the same model. The manufacturing cost estimations of modified iron ore were found to be 46% cheaper than a conventional commercial iron catalyst. The catalytic performance of the modified iron ore catalyst showed a CO conversion of 72.1% ±4.24, with WGS and C5+ selectivity 48.6% ±1.96 and 83.2% ± 5.24, respectively. These findings were comparable (both in CO conversion and product selectivity) to the ones reported by other researchers.
Increasing the Dosing Accuracy of Magnetodynamic Foundry Equipment
Authors: Smirnov Oleksii , Narivskiy Anatoliy , Smyrnov Yevgen , Semenko Anastasiia , Verzilov Aleksei
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The problem of combining continuous monitoring of the main informative process parameters (mass, temperature, melt consumption) and control of the pouring process is relevant for almost all filling devices today.Problem Statement. The development of pouring accuracy methods, particularly for small-dose pouring is an important task for the foundry industry.Purpose. The purpose is to study the dependences of the flow characteristics of the magnetodynamic equipment on the supplied voltage in various conditions of its operation.Materials and Methods. Physical modelling has been applied for the study of dosing accuracy for small doses in the range of 1.5—3 kg.Results. The coefficient of the numerical dependence of instantaneous mass flow consumption of a modeling fluid in the trough on the instantaneous mass of a modeling fluid in the trough has been established based on experimental studies with the use of a physical model of magnetodynamic device (MDD). The studies of filling doses within the range from 1.5 to 3 kg have shown that this coefficient corresponds to the range of the electromagnet supply voltage from 12.3 to 16.3 V. There have been determined the efficient range of the poured-metalmass to instantaneous-mass-flow-consumption ratio in the course of casting (2.20—2.25) and the corresponding range of the MDD electromagnet supply voltage to minimize the effect of jet pulsations on the dosing accuracy byreducing their amplitude. The dosing error does not exceed 1.5% by dose weight in the case of pouring small portions (1.5—3 kg).Conclusions. A new technical solution for MDD with an inclined weighting trough of a conventional design has been developed based on the electromagnetic transfer of a force proportional to the instantaneous melt massin the trough. The implementation of this solution makes it possible to reduce the number of strain gauge power sensors for the instantaneous measurement of the melt mass, from four sensors installed under the melting pot of the MDD prototype to one placed directly under the trough.
Thermal effect on the optical signal of fiber optics networks
Authors: Mohammed Abdulrazak A. , QasMarrogy Ghassan A.
Published: October 2021

Fiber Optic Network is an advanced and modern system technology, which is used in sending pulses of laser light inside a glass of fiber over long distances, widely used in every environment with various sorts of applications in a different field. It is well-known that the main material of fiber optics is glass, therefore it is typical that the temperature can affect the glass during the thermal expansion. This effect will be applied to the properties of the optical components such as refractive index, radius curvature of the fiber optics layers, and also there is an effect on the data transfer through the fiber optics network units. In this paper, the effect of temperature degree on the optical signal and the functions of the fiber optic network will be simulated, measured, and analyzed. The result will be discussed and the conclusion will show the serious points of thermal effects on the optical signal of a fiber-optic network.
Artificial intelligence: A cutting edge technology in agriculture
Authors: Allawadi Sidhant , Jayaty  , Sharma Parmod , Rohilla Kapil , Deokar Gopal
Published: October 2021

Attention is currently being paid to the use of smart technologies. Agriculture has provided an important source of food for humans over thousands of years, including the development of appropriate farming methods for the cultivation of different crops. The emergence of new advanced technologies has the potential to monitor the agricultural environment to ensure high-quality produce. In this context, a systematic review that aimsto study the application of various technologies and algorithms in Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the latest solutions to make the farming more efficient remains one of the greatest imperatives. Artificial intelligence can be applied directly in the field of agriculture for various operations. Amid high expectations about how AI will help the common personand transform his mindset, thoughts and attitude towards the benefits that it may bring. There are certain concerns about the ill effects of such sophisticated technologies as well.This review also focuses on the activation of perceptive technologies and application of computer vision and machine learning in agriculture.
Trend analysis of rainfall using Mann-Kendall, Sen’s slope, moving average and least square techniques for Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra
Authors: Barai Virendra N. , Kalunge Rohini M.
Published: October 2021

The long-term behaviour of rainfall is necessary to study over space with different time series viz., annual, monthly and weekly as it is one of the most significant climatic variables. Rainfall trend is an important tool which assesses the impact of climate change and provides direction to cope up with its adverse effects on the agriculture. Several studies have been performed to establish the pattern of rainfall over various time periods for different areas that can be used for better agricultural planning, water supply management, etc. Consequently, the present report, entitled “Trend analysis of rainfall in Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra,” was carried out. 13 tahsils of the district of Ahmednagar were selected to carry out trend analysis. The daily rainfall data of 33 years (1980- 2012) of all stations has been processed out study the rainfall variability. The Mann Kendall (MK) Test, Sen’s slope method, moving average method and least square method were used for analysis. The statistical analysis of whole reference time series data highlighted that July and August month contributes highest amount of rainfall at all tahsils. Regarding trend in annual rainfall, these four methods showed increasing trend at most of the tahsils whereas a decreasing trend only at Shrigonda tahsil. For monthly trend analysis, Kopargaon, Newasa, Shevgaon and Shrirampur tahsils showed an increasing trend during July. During August and September month, most of the tahsils i.e. Kopargaon, Nagar, Parner and Sangamner showed increasing trends, whereas in June, only Shrigonda tahsil showed decreasing trend.
Profile analysis and factors influencing the adoption of pulses production practices of farmers in Andhra Pradesh – baseline study under biotech Kisan hub project
Authors: Srinivas T. , Sridhar T. Venkata , Rao P. Punna , Purnima K.S. , Chandraidu E. , Babu G. Prasad
Published: October 2021

Biotech-Kisan hub has been established at Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh with the major objectives of assessment of the yield gaps in major pulses and groundnut grown in scarce rainfall and north coastal zones. As part of the project, a base line survey was conducted at selected 25 villages of Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Anantapur and Kurnool districts to assess the potentials of the districts by developing a database in order to exploit resources and develop action plans in co-operation with line departments. Sixty farmers from each district were randomly selected to obtain baseline information making the total sample size is 240 farmers cultivating the targeted pulse crops in the district. A pre-tested interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents. A profile analysis was done and revealed that the North coastal zone showed Low scores in Knowledge, Risk orientation and Mass media participation and medium in Innovativeness, Social participation and Extension contact, while the Scarce rainfall zone showed medium in all the variables except for Risk orientation. The findings also revealed that the Adoption index was found to be medium to low in case of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam districts and Medium to High in case of Ananthpur and Kurnool districts indicating that more focused interventions are required in the North coastal zone when compared to Scarce rainfall zone. The overall adoption index indicated in Table 3 showed that majority of the respondents fell in the medium category (49.00%) followed by High (35.00%) and low category (15.00%) indicating that there is scope to increase adoption of recommended practices. The chi square test of profile characteristics and adoption indicated that all the six independent variables- Knowledge, Innovativeness, Risk orientation, Mass media participation, Social participation and Extension contact are significantly influencing the adoption levels of farmers in the four districts.
Optimization of variables of a digger for digging of carrot crops
Authors: Narender  , Rani Vijaya , Ravi
Published: October 2021

In India, most of root crop is harvested manually and it consumes high labour and time for harvesting. The optimization of a tractor operated digger was evaluated at farmer’s field for the carrot crop. The digger was optimized for forward speeds of 2.2, 2.7 and 3.2 km h-1 and the rake angles of blade as 170, 200 and 230. The parameters viz., digging efficiency, undug, cut, bruised and exposed percentage was optimized as per the experiment. The performance of the digger was found to be best at a speed of 2.2 km/ hr and blade angle of 23 degree with a The digging efficiency, cut percentage, exposed percentage and bruised percentage of carrot crop was found to be 100 , 46.2, 92.12 and 28 %, respectively. The capacity of the machine was 0.18 ha/h. The break-even point for digger was 35.14 hour per year. The payback period of digger was 0.24 year.
The use of modern work methods with information in teaching the strength of materials
Authors: Kutrunova Zoya
Published: October 2021

The article presents an analysis of the modern work methods inclusion with educational and scientific information into the “Resistance of materials” course educational process. Over the course of five years, the author has tested the information search technic, students work organizing technic with educational and scientific literature in different formats, cooperation technic, self-presentation technic to involve students in active work on the theoretical material study necessary for every engineer. The educational process, organized using a blended learning technic encouraged students to work independently, adhering to the discipline studying plan in the semester. Modern technologies for working with information are based on working with scientific electronic libraries, educational platforms, and online scientific publications. Mind mapping technology allows you to optimize the theoretical material studying time. An independently executed mind map helps the student to understand and remember the procedure for calculating structural elements, to systematize the strength characteristics of various materials. Classwork and self-guided work in mini-groups allow students to form a communication culture. Students learn to prove their opinions on professional topics, show respect for others' opinions, and evaluate various situations that arise in the process of teamwork. Collaboration technic encourages learners to assign tasks and roles. Students who work in the executor role and the lead role, acquire the collective presentation skill while defending laboratory work. In the transition to individual educational trajectories, it is necessary to combine various educational technologies for the successful universal and general professional competencies acquisition by students. Various modern digital resources should be included in the educational process for checking purposes of the strength, structural elements, and mechanisms stiffness, and stability problems solution.
Somatosensory evoked potentials in clinical practice: a review
Authors: Fustes Otto Jesus Hernández , Kay Cláudia Suemi Kamoi , Lorenzoni Paulo José , Ducci Renata Dal-Prá , Werneck Lineu Cesar , Scola Rosana Herminia
Published: October 2021

Abstract The authors present a review of the current use of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) in neurological practice as a non-invasive neurophysiological technique. For this purpose we have reviewed articles published in English or Portuguese in the PubMed and LILACS databases. In this review, we address the role of SSEPs in neurological diseases that affect the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, especially in demyelinating diseases, for monitoring coma, trauma and the functioning of sensory pathways during surgical procedures. The latter, along with new areas of research, has become one of the most important applications of SSEPs.
Qualificação dos Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família: análise segundo os ciclos do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica
Authors: Muller Erildo Vicente , Stler José Lucas Meira , Silva Junior Manoelito Ferreira
Published: October 2021

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os indicadores relacionados à gestão e ao processo de trabalho dos Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família, nas perspectivas da equipe de Atenção Básica e do próprio Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família no Brasil. Trata-se de estudo transversal com análise de série histórica, com dados secundários da Avaliação Externa do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica. Os dados foram obtidos dos módulos II e IV do 2º e do 3º ciclos. Foram realizados teste qui-quadrado e Mann-Witney (p<0,05). As notas atribuídas pelas equipes de Atenção Básica aos Núcleos foram acima de 7 e aumentaram 1 ponto no 3º ciclo, constatando-se melhora em quase todos os itens do 2º para o 3º ciclo, referente aos encontros com a gestão municipal e ao processo de trabalho da equipe de Atenção Básica e do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família no planejamento das ações e da periodicidade. Conclui-se que houve melhora na maioria dos indicadores relacionados à gestão e ao processo de trabalho, nas perspectivas da equipe de Atenção Básica e do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família no Brasil.
Perspectivas de brasileiros durante a pandemia da Covid-19: uma análise sobre autocuidado e bioética ambiental
Authors: Fischer Marta Luciane , Cunha Thiago Rocha da , Burda Tuany Anna Maciel
Published: October 2021

RESUMO Em situações de crise, como em surtos epidêmicos, o autocuidado pode ser comprometido por conflitos relacionados às vivências cotidianas. Objetivou-se caracterizar as perspectivas sobre vivências da população brasileira frente à pandemia da Covid-19, por meio do seu posicionamento frente a um questionário on-line, em uma pesquisa transversal de estratégia mista. A análise das 525 participações, ocorridas em junho de 2020, identificou vivências registradas no auge da pandemia no Brasil, em três vetores: o envolvimento emocional com causas, consequências e condutas relacionadas à Covid-19; as implicações negativas e positivas do distanciamento social; e os impactos individuais e coletivos desta medida. A pandemia da Covid-19 foi associada às consequências e aos sentimentos reflexos de tal distanciamento, com dissonância de sentimentos negativos e positivos. Embora os participantes não tenham elencado questões sobre o ambiente e o autocuidado, eles se posicionaram ao serem direcionados a refletir sobre essas questões, sendo possível identificar a transposição de percepções negativas da quarentena, associadas aos contextos individual e físico, para percepções positivas, relacionados aos aspectos emocional e coletivo. A análise das perspectivas dos respondentes deve compor a pauta da agenda da bioética ambiental, uma vez que decisões pessoais e cotidianas sobre como promover o autocuidado os inserem em uma cadeia de responsabilidades e interdependências globais.
Erro diagnóstico subsidia pacote de reformas que mina a Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Rodrigues Ricardo Donato
Published: October 2021

RESUMO Este ensaio aborda o diagnóstico desfavorável à Estratégia Saúde da Família, que subsidiou um pacote de reformas implantado pelo Ministério da Saúde em 2019. Com o objetivo de revisar tal diagnóstico sob a hipótese de erro na sua formulação, foi realizada análise documental do acervo do governo federal sobre o tema. A hipótese inicial foi confirmada com respaldo em bibliografia pertinente, referenciada no texto. Evidenciaram-se erros técnicos na avaliação da eficiência e produtividade da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Também foram detectados erros no campo histórico especialmente quanto à desconsideração dos resultados positivos alcançados no âmbito dos cuidados primários, das políticas de incentivo implantadas com tal propósito e das características inerentes aos desafios de um processo ainda inconcluso de reforma sanitária - questão invisível naquele diagnóstico. Como conclusão, este ensaio refuta o diagnóstico do Ministério da Saúde e recomenda que o processo de avaliação da Estratégia Saúde da Família seja refeito à luz dos princípios do planejamento estratégico-situacional.
Identidades docentes no contexto do Pibid em Biologia
Authors: Tonelli Gabriel Agostini , Oliveira André Luis de
Published: October 2021

Resumo: Diante da importância e necessidade de aprimoramento dos programas voltados à formação inicial de professores, esta investigação teve como objetivo investigar indícios da construção de Identidades Docentes em graduandos do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, participantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid), bem como a importância do programa e as vivências que ele possibilita. Para tanto, aplicamos um questionário semiestruturado a vinte e cinco bolsistas de iniciação à docência e abordamos as respostas por meio de pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da análise textual discursiva. Os resultados deram origem a um metatexto, que indica o desenvolvimento de um interesse pela profissão docente por meio da prática, além de dificuldades encontradas dentro e fora da escola, como a visão da profissão, questões políticas e monetárias, que levam os sujeitos ao não reconhecimento da profissão.
Reflexões sobre o ensino de metodologia do trabalho científico na licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas
Authors: Arantes Shirley de Lima Ferreira
Published: October 2021

Resumo: O artigo aborda o papel da formação científica inicial de professores por meio de atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito da disciplina Metodologia do Trabalho Científico em um curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. Apresenta e analisa reflexões em torno da construção dos fundamentos do trabalho científico, do reconhecimento das práticas que configuram plágio acadêmico e construção da autoria. Conclui pela importância da disciplina na formação de professores para a outorga de condições mais favoráveis aos estudantes, para que procedam à travessia entre os saberes espontâneos e populares em direção aos conhecimentos escolares e científicos sem estabelecerem juízos de valor ou a hierarquização entre eles, bem como para a assimilação da atividade da pesquisa científica enquanto inerente à regência na educação básica.
Cuidados paliativos: conhecimento de pacientes oncológicos e seus cuidadores
Authors: Chaves José Humberto Belmino , Angelo Neto Laura Marques , Tavares Viviane Maria Cavalcante , Tuller Lícia Pereira da Silva , Santos Criselle Tenório , Coelho Jorge Artur Peçanha de Miranda
Published: October 2021

Resumo O objetivo do estudo é verificar a percepção sobre cuidados paliativos, diretivas antecipadas de vontade e ordem de não reanimar de pacientes oncológicos e seus cuidadores, bem como a relação destes com os profissionais de saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva quantitativa, realizada entre 2018 e 2019 no Centro de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia de um hospital universitário brasileiro. A amostra contou com 200 participantes (100 pacientes oncológicos e 100 cuidadores informais). Os dados coletados foram armazenados no Microsoft Excel e processados pelo software SPSS. Foi possível observar o desconhecimento dos participantes sobre questões ligadas à terminalidade da vida, bem como o paradoxo entre discordância em relação à distanásia e concordância com a reanimação obstinada. Os resultados também atestam a importância dos profissionais de saúde na percepção dos cuidadores sobre a própria capacidade de exercer essa função.
Bioética e cuidados paliativos na graduação médica: proposta curricular
Authors: Mendes Priscilla Biazibetti , Pereira Alexandre de Araújo , Barros Ilma da Cunha
Published: October 2021

Resumo O envelhecimento populacional provocado pelo aumento da expectativa de vida resultará em uma demanda cada vez maior de profissionais especializados em cuidados paliativos. Devido ao crescente número de pacientes que necessitam desse perfil de cuidado, é de grande relevância priorizar o ensino paliativo durante a graduação médica, visto que o ensino de bioética e cuidados paliativos ainda é tímido nos currículos das faculdades de medicina brasileiras. Portanto, discutir novos currículos pode contribuir para a educação médica na área e permitir melhor capacitação em medicina paliativa para a futura trajetória profissional do estudante de medicina. Apresentamos uma nova proposta curricular, fruto de pesquisa sobre o ensino de bioética e cuidados paliativos na graduação médica de uma escola do Distrito Federal.
Saúde LGBTQIA+ à luz da bioética principialista
Authors: Parente Jeanderson Soares , Silva Caik Ferreira , Magalhães Beatriz de Castro , Silva Mauro McCarthy de Oliveira , Albuquerque Grayce Alencar
Published: October 2021

Resumo O artigo analisa, à luz da bioética principialista, a experiência de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais, queers, intersexuais, assexuais e outras identidades de gênero e orientações sexuais no acesso a serviços de saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa transversal, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em 2018, no município de Iguatu/CE, Brasil, com 26 pessoas lésbicas, gays, bissexuais e transexuais, que participaram de grupos focais com entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados apontam graves violações aos princípios básicos da corrente principialista, com violência institucional de cunho psicológico, desrespeito à dignidade, recusa de doação de sangue, não aceitação de nome social, falta de acolhimento e humanização do atendimento. A persistência e a gravidade das situações de discriminação relatadas mostram que, apesar dos avanços e da existência de uma política de saúde específica para essa população, as medidas de combate ao preconceito institucional têm se mostrado insuficientes.
Reflexões sobre o plágio e a fraude em estudos brasileiros
Authors: Alencar Gildiney Penaves de , Monteiro Geanlucas Mendes , Carvalho Alexandra Maria Almeida
Published: October 2021

Resumo Este estudo reflete sobre o plágio e a fraude na produção científica brasileira por meio de revisão integrativa de artigos publicados entre janeiro de 2009 e junho de 2019. As publicações foram buscadas nas bases DOAJ, Lilacs, PubMed, SciELO e Web of Science, com os descritores exatos “plagiarism”, “scientific misconduct”, “fraud” e “Brazil”. Com a rápida expansão da internet e o desenvolvimento tecnológico, os casos de má conduta na produção científica aumentaram, ocorrendo, por exemplo, adulteração, invenção ou reutilização de dados, múltiplas submissões, conflitos de autoria e de interesses, publicação “salame” (fracionada) e plágio. Entre as más condutas acadêmicas mais comuns estão a “cola” e o plágio, presentes nos mais diversos níveis de ensino, da educação básica à educação superior.
Quais fatores cognitivos e linguísticos influenciam o processamento fonológico em adolescentes?
Authors: Jesus Luciana Cássia de , Alves Luciana Mendonça , Martins-Reis Vanessa de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o processamento fonológico em adolescentes e identificar habilidades linguísticas e funções cognitivas que o influenciam nessa faixa etária. Método Participaram 83 adolescentes típicos de 11 a 16 anos. Utilizaram-se os testes de consciência fonológica, nomeação automática rápida, avaliação neuropsicológica e leitura. Foi realizada a análise descritiva e a regressão linear com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Em relação ao processamento fonológico, observou-se menor desempenho na tarefa de segmentação fonêmica, maior tempo de nomeação de objetos e desempenho dentro do esperado para a idade em memória operacional. Verificou-se associação recíproca entre nomeação rápida de objetos, de letras e memória operacional, entre nomeação rápida de letras e consciência fonológica. As funções executivas e a atenção influenciaram a memória operacional e a consciência fonológica. A memória verbal episódica semântica influenciou a memória operacional e, a leitura, a consciência fonológica. Conclusão O desempenho no processamento fonológico foi influenciado por habilidades linguísticas e cognitivas e sugere ainda estar em aprimoramento na adolescência.
El estilo y el discurso “inquietante” del analista
Authors: Moreno Chía Fredy Ricardo
Published: October 2021

Este artículo es un avance de la investigación acerca de la función del estilo en la transmisión del psicoanálisis. En el presente texto se plantea que la relación entre discurso y estilo, conduce a una problematización de la noción misma de estilo. Esta mostración contiene los siguientes momentos: en un primer lugar se presentan dos citas de Lacan en las que el estilo se encuentra en relación con dos elementos centrales en la teoría de los discursos: el saber y la verdad. En un segundo momento se resumen las características de estos dos elementos en el discurso del analista y, en un tercer momento, se expone un equívoco de Lacan a partir del cual presentamos una definición de estilo acorde con el discurso del analista.
Education in Confinement: The Reintegration of Young People in Prison in La Araucanía, Chile
Authors: Huaiquián‐Billeke Claudia , Sánchez‐Toledo Violeta , Quilodrán‐Contreras Romina , Vera‐Urra Juan
Published: October 2021

This article addresses the social reintegration of young people studying in the prison of La Araucanía, Chile. Our objective is to describe the social representation of young people between 19 and 29 years old, who are currently serving a custodial sentence, in their reintegration process after secondary education. We start off with the acknowledgement that both social mobility and educational career are historically marked by the reproduction of sociocultural inequality: Educational structures do not fulfill the mission of providing tools for a persons’ life. Our article is based on a unique case study in which a current phenomenon is investigated; in this case, social reintegration within an authentic context—prison. Semi‐structured interviews were applied during our research and participants’ narratives were methodologically triangulated. Our article concludes that, given the presence of homogenizing and inefficient study plans, young people demand deep changes that are linked to a social pedagogy, which values their skills and life project through an awareness process. This process would enable them to explore their reality and cultural action in order to become conscious young people and co‐creators of their future once in freedom.
Upward Mobility in Education: The Role of Personal Networks Across the Life Course
Authors: Legewie Nicolas M.
Published: October 2021

How do individuals achieve upward mobility in education despite the well‐documented mechanisms that foster reproduction of inequalities? This question presents a fundamental puzzle for social science researchers and has generated an increasing body of research. The present article tackles the puzzle using a life course and personal network lens. Studying educational trajectories in Germany of students whose parents have low educational degrees, it asks: What paths did students take through the education system, what personal network factors were important for their educational attainment, and how did these factors change over students’ life courses? In contrast to most studies that zoom in on a specific transition or time period, the article uses data from 36 retrospective in‐depth interviews that allow a sweeping view of respondents’ educational careers. Thanks to a systematic case selection scheme, the data also enables comparisons between students who became upwardly mobile and those who replicated their parents’ low educational degrees. Findings suggest four types of trajectories: direct upward mobility, indirect upward mobility, direct non‐mobility, and indirect non‐mobility. I discuss four personal network factors that seem to drive these trajectories: support with academic efforts, encouragement, support with solving problems, and role models. Upwardly mobile students showed combinations of two or more of these four factors that established higher education as the students’ goal, and provided them with tools and support to reach that goal. With these findings, the article contributes to literature on inclusion in education, social inequality and mobility, personal networks, and the life course.
SELECTING THE HEAT-REFLECTING SCREEN WHILE THE FORMATION OF CONDENSATE IS AVOIDED
Authors: GABDUSHEV Ruslan Zh. , DENISOV Sergey A. , KANDAEV Egor A.
Published: October 2021

This article deals with the problem of choosing the thickness of the heat-refl ecting screen behind the heating radiator, in which the conditions for the formation of condensate on the wall are not achieved. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, the maximum thickness of the screen is established, using the example of penofol, at the calculated temperature diff erence in the conditions of a cold fi ve-day period, and the heat losses and the economic eff ect of this energy-saving measure are determined already during the heating period. Calculations were carried out for a wall made of reinforced concrete, covered with plaster on the outside. This technique can be used for other cases of enclosing structures and various materials of the heat-refl ecting screen.
Seismic High-Resolution Acquisition Electronics for the NASA InSight Mission on Mars
Authors: Zweifel Peter , Mance Davor , ten Pierick Jan , Giardini Domenico , Schmelzbach Cedric , Haag Thomas , Nicollier Tobias , Ceylan Savas , Stähler Simon , van Driel Martin , Sollberger David , Euchner Fabian , Clinton John F. , Bierwirth Marco , Eberhardt Michel , Lognonné Philippe , Pike William T. , Banerdt W. Bruce
Published: October 2021

The Seismic Experiment for Interior Structures (SEIS) was deployed on Mars in November 2018 and began science operations in March 2019. SEIS is the primary instrument of the Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission, which was launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The acquisition and control (AC) electronics is a key element of SEIS. The AC acquires the seismic signals of the two sets of seismic sensors with high resolution, stores the data in its local nonvolatile memory for later transmission by the lander, and controls the numerous functions of SEIS. In this article, we present an overview of the AC with its connections to the sensors and to the lander, as well as its functionality. We describe the elements of the acquisition chains and filters, and discuss the performance of the seismic and temperature channels. Furthermore, we outline the safety functions and health monitoring, which are of paramount importance for reliable operation on Mars. In addition, we analyze an artefact affecting the seismic data referred to as the “tick-noise” and provide a method to remove this artefact by post-processing the data.
SERBEST TİCARET ANLAŞMALARININ TÜRK DIŞ TİCARETİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: AYRAN CİHAN Kezban , SANDALCILAR Ali Rıza
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin STA imzalamış olduğu ülkeler ile toplam ticareti Gravity (Çekim) Model kapsamında incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla STA imzalanan ülkelerden, STA kapsamındaki ticarette payı en fazla olan ilk 6 ülke çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. 1985-2019 dönemi yıllık verilerinin ele alındığı çalışmada panel çekim modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ilk olarak temel çekim modeli ve bu modelin genişletilmiş halleri ile farklı modeller tahmin edilmiştir. Daha sonra ise ülke etkileri ile genişletilmiş bir model oluşturularak STA’ların Türkiye’nin dış ticaretine olan etkileri ülkelere göre tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda STA’ların ve ülkelerin gelir düzeylerinin toplam ticaret üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif etkili olduğu, ülkeler arasındaki uzaklığın ise negatif etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca genişletilmiş çekim modeli sonuçlarına göre gelir ve fiyat değişkenlerinin nüfus değişkenine göre daha anlamlı etkilere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
The morbidity, disability, and mortality associated with respiratory diseases in the Russian Federation (2015 – 2019)
Authors: Bystritskaya Elena V. , Bilichenko Tatiana N.
Published: October 2021

Respiratory diseases (RD) represent one of the most urgent issues in Russian health care and have high socio-economic significance.

The aim. To study the dynamics of total morbidity and mortality in the Russian Federation, as well as the mortality associated with RD in the working-age population in 2015 – 2019.

Methods. The official statistical data of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal State Statistics Service were analyzed.

Results. In 2019, the total RD-associated morbidity increased by 5.4%, and the prevalence of pneumonia increased by 29.0% compared to 2015. In 5 federal districts (FD), the morbidity exceeded the average Russian morbidity in 2019 (40,694.7). The maximum level was observed in the North-Western FD (50,224.1). The prevalence of pneumonia (Russia – 524.4) in 4 FDs exceeded the average Russian prevalence. The maximum level was reported in the Far Eastern FD (749.2 cases per 100 thousand of the total population). The RD-associated mortality rate in Russia was 51.8 cases per 100 thousand in 2015 and 41.6 cases per 100 thousand in 2018 (–19.7%). In 2018, the highest RD-associated mortality was observed in the Siberian FD (68.0) and Far Eastern FD (57.8 per 100 thousand people). From January to December 2019, the highest mortality associated with pneumonia in the working-age population was observed in the Far Eastern FD (28.2 per 100 thousand people). The RD-associated mortality rate in the male population was 4.2 times higher than in the female population (26.7 and 6.3, respectively, per 100 thousand persons of matching age).

Conclusion. The highest morbidity was found in 2018 and 2019 in the Northwestern FD and Far Eastern FD. The RD-associated mortality in the Siberian FD and Far Eastern FD exceeded the average Russian values. This last observation requires additional research to improve the quality of medical care.
Follow-up pulmonary function of COVID-19 patients 4 months after hospital discharge
Authors: Savushkina Olga I. , Cherniak Alexander V. , Kryukov Evgeniy V. , Aseeva Nataliya A. , Zaytsev Andrey A.
Published: October 2021

The end of the acute period of COVID-19 does not mean complete recovery. Observation of patients in the post-COVID-19 period showed that a significant number of people experience shortness of breath, fatigue, muscle weakness, sleep disorders, cough, palpitations, so the term post-COVID-19 syndrome was coined. The examination to identify the causes of complaints of COVID-19 convalescents should include lung function assessment.

The aim of the study was to assess the dynamics of lung function 4 months after hospitalization for COVID-19.

Methods. 31 patients (26 males, the median age was 49 years) underwent traditional pulmonary function tests (PFTs) (spirometry, body plethysmography, test of diffusing lung capacity) and impulse oscillometry (IOS). Results. During the 1st visit, the average PFTs and IOS parameters were within the normal range in the whole group, apart from the diffusing lung capacity (DLCO), which was reduced mildly (on the border with moderate) in 77% of patients. During the 2nd visit, which was conducted on average 102 days after the 1st one, 58% of patients demonstrated abnormal lung diffusion capacity. The second assessment revealed a statistically significant increase in the slow and forced vital capacity (VC and FVC), the forced exhalation volume in 1 second (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), DLCO, and a decrease in the ratio of FEV1/FVC and the residual lung volume to TLC ratio.

Conclusion. Post-COVID-19 patients show a statistically significant improvement of their lung function 4 months after hospital discharge. A systematic follow-up is essential for such patients to detect lung function abnormalities and correct them.
The effectiveness of benralizumab in the treatment of the eosinophilic phenotype of severe asthma in real clinical practice
Authors: Titova Olga N. , Kuzubova Natalia A. , Sklyarova Daria B. , Petrova Maria A.
Published: October 2021

To evaluate the effectiveness of benralizumab in patients with the eosinophilic phenotype of severe asthma in real clinical practice after a year of therapy.

Methods. During Benralizumab therapy, 13 patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (average age – 55.44 ± 7.18 years old) were examined twice: before the treatment and after 1 year of benralizumab therapy. The assessment included collection of complaints, medical history, current therapy, Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-5) test, absolute blood count of eosinophils, spirometry.

Results. All patients initially had pronounced eosinophilia of 577.5 ± 356.4 cells/μl. After 1 year of using benralizumab, the eosinophil count decreased by 96.15%. During therapy, the ACQ-5 index decreased from 1.63 ± 0.62 to 0.73 ± 0.41 in the study patients, which corresponded to the achievement of asthma control. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) increased by 23 %. The number of exacerbations decreased by 58.09%. 12 (92.31%) patients were on oral corticosteroids (OCS) (10 ± 2.17 mg of prednisolone daily) before benralizumab therapy. All subjects noted a decrease in night and day symptoms over time and were able to reduce the use of OCS. 5 (38.46%) patients achieved complete elimination of daily OCS use, 7 (53.84%) patients were able to reduce their daily OCS dose.

Conclusion. Benralizumab therapy as an add-on maintenance treatment in patients with eosinophilic phenotype of severe asthma contributes to a significant decrease in peripheral blood eosinophils, which mediates an improvement in asthma control, an increase in FEV1, a reduction in the number of exacerbations, and a decrease in the need for the OCS usage. Careful monitoring of long-term adverse events is necessary during treatment with benralizumab.
NAP-22 and MARCKS mRNA expression levels in spontaneously hypertensive rat kidneys: the effect of drinking water with different calcium contents
Authors: Aldekeeva A. S. , Plekhanov A. Y. , Klyueva N. Z.
Published: October 2021

Objective. The aim of study was to assess the effect of the level of calcium intake with drinking water on NAP-22 and MARCKS mRNA expression in cortical and medullar kidney layers of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Design and methods. The study involved 90-day-old SHR (n = 8) and WKY (n = 8) strain rats of both sexes. We assessed tissue samples from cortical and medullar kidney layers. NAP-22 and MARCKS mRNA expression levels were determined by RT-PCR.

Results. Sufficient drinking water calcium intake was associated with similar the expression of NAP-22 and MARCKS mRNA in kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. Consumption of drinking water with insufficient calcium content it decreases in both rat strains, being more evident in spontaneously hypertensive rats, especially in the medullar layer.

Conclusions. Our results show that genetically determined impairments of calcium metabolism in cells of spontaneously-hypertensive rats (SHR line) and their effect on intracellular signaling processes are more evident with the reduced intake of exogenous calcium.
USO DOS MEIOS TECNOLÓGICOS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL PELO PROFESSOR DE MATEMÁTICA NA REGIÃO NORDESTE
Authors: Figueiredo Dantas de Sousa Antônio , Tavares Duarte Cícero Tadeu
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho tem como proposta para o leitor apresentar com clareza a didática do professor de Matemática e o uso dos meios tecnológicos na formação do aluno do ensino fundamental na região Nordeste. Nesse contexto, os meios tecnológicos e a Didática enquanto campo de estudo visam propor princípios, formas e diretrizes que são comuns ao ensino de todas as áreas de conhecimento. Para tanto, surgiu a problematização, pois muitas disciplinas requerem um estudo mais aprofundado, como a Matemática. Como identificar a didática do professor de matemática, utilizando os meios tecnológicos no ensino fundamental da região Nordeste? Pode-se justificar dizendo que a Matemática faz parte da sociedade desde a Antiguidade, sendo obrigação dos professores transmiti-la. Pode-se ainda salientar que a Matemática ensina a pensar, tornando-nos mais aptos, por exemplo, para pensar de forma abstrata e para obter raciocínios dedutivos. Para isso, privilegia a análise das condições de ensino e suas relações com os objetivos, conteúdos, métodos e procedimentos de ensino. A pesquisa tem como objetivo geral verificar a didática utilizada pelos professores com os meios tecnológicos e as dificuldades encontradas na sala de aula na região Nordeste. O artigo constitui-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo revisão narrativa em que foram analisados artigos, dissertações, teses e/ou livros publicados sobre a temática na última década, dos mais diversos autores, cujas produções encontram-se na internet e bibliotecas, tendo como resultado, após análise, a satisfação de ter o uso das ferramentas de informática como metodologia aplicável em sala de aula, fazendo-se necessário utilizá-las sempre dentro do ambiente escolar.  
 
Palavras-chave: Ensino de Matemática. Didática. Meios Tecnológicos.
Un novedoso concepto de sistema de diagnóstico para Sistemas Distribuidos Seguros
Authors: Leon-García Javier Dario , Imle Sebastian
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo está basado en el diseño de un sistema de diagnóstico para el Energize to Trip Actuation System (ETTAS). El proyecto ETTAS propone una alternativa sostenible y segura para accionar válvulas en sistemas de producción submarina sin derramar fluidos hidráulicos contaminantes en el fondo marino. Al ser este un Sistema Distribuido Seguro, sus requerimientos de diseño buscan un Safe Integrity Level 2 (SIL 2), lo cual hizo necesaria la implementación de un sistema de diagnóstico. Éste último es presentado aquí como un concepto para ser aplicado en Sistemas Distribuidos Seguros en general. El método utilizado para el diseño del Concepto del Sistema de Diagnóstico involucra el planteo de requerimientos, la generación de una base de conocimiento, el planteamiento y selección de propuestas y el diseño del concepto final. El concepto resultante es mostrado a través de máquinas de estado y una Arquitectura del Sistema de Diagnóstico. Se concluye que el concepto incrementa las capacidades de diagnóstico en el Sistema Distribuido Seguro ya que es independiente del tiempo para cambiar sus estados, minimiza la cantidad de funcionalidades y se aprovecha de la memoria paralelamente compartida para ser implementable para diagnosticar distintos componentes en el sistema.
Estación de recarga para dotar de mayor autonomía al Robobo
Authors: Vizcaíno-Delgado Mónica
Published: October 2021

Robobo consiste en una plataforma robótica móvil desarrollada por la compañía MINT de la Universidade da Coruña. Actualmente se utiliza como una herramienta para el aprendizaje y el aprovechamiento de las capacidades de la robótica autónoma y colaborativa en escuelas y centros de investigación, además cuenta con un paquete comercial educativo que incluye cuatro unidades. Sin embargo, el funcionamiento del Robobo carece de un proceso de recarga autónomo, automatizado, homogéneo o simultáneo. Es por lo tanto que este artículo trata la importancia y el diseño de un primer prototipo electromecánico de una estación de recarga para obtener un ciclo de carga autónomo y simultáneo de hasta cuatro plataformas robóticas móviles Robobo.