bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENTINGNYA PENCEGAHAN DINI KANKER PAYUDARA MELALUI PEMERIKSAAN PAYUDARA SENDIRI (SADARI) DI KELURAHAN TANAH KALI KEDINDING, SURABAYA
Authors: Santiasari Retty Nirmala , Darmawan Taufan Citra , Mahayati Lina , Intiyaswati Intiyaswati , Primihastuti Dianita
Published: July 2024

Latar Belakang: Kanker payudara adalah kanker yang menyebabkan angka mortalitas tertinggi pada wanita diantara kanker lainnya. Penyakit kanker payudara yang setiap tahunnya semakin tinggi ini mendapatkan urutan kedua kanker yang paling banyak pada perempuan. Terlambatnya dalam mengetahui terjadinya penyakit kanker payudara ini menjadi ancaman bagi penderita, oleh karena itu pentingnya dilakukan deteksi dini pada kanker payudara melalui pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) sebagai upaya preventif yang dapat dilakukan secara mandiri oleh perempuan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu-ibu PKK tentang deteksi dini kanker payudara melalui pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) di Kelurahan Tanah Kali Kedinding, Surabaya. Metode: Penyuluhan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dengan menggunakan powerpoint dan leaflet. Hasil: Kegiatan penyuluhan pendidikan kesehatan berjalan dengan baik dan optimal. Hal ini tergambar dari hasil yang didapatkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahan responden yang sebelum diberikan penyuluhan pengetahuan kurang sebanayak 16 responden (76,92%) dan setelah diberikan penyuluhan menjadi cukup sebanyak 13 Responden (50 %) dan baik sebanyak 1 responden (3,85%). Kesimpulan: Kegiatan penyuluhan pencegahan dini kanker payudara melalui pemeriksaan payudara sendiri dapat memberikan peningkatan pengetahuan ibu-ibu PKK di Kelurahan Tanah Kali Kedinding, Surabaya.
Pengembangan aplikasi Multi-Platform dan Back-End Sesuai Dengan Standar Industri
Authors: Simarmata Allwin , Putra Adya , Husein Amir , Harahap Mawaddah
Published: July 2024

Di era digital yang terus berkembang pesat, kemampuan beradaptasi dengan perubahan teknologi menjadi kunci kesuksesan bagi para pegawai. Untuk itu, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dirancang dengan tujuan meningkatkan wawasan dan pengetahuan pegawai dalam menghadapi disrupsi digital. Kegiatan ini, yang berlangsung pada 15 Maret 2024 di Menara Mandiri Medan, berfokus pada pelatihan pengembangan aplikasi multi-platform dan back-end. Pelatihan ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang teknologi terbaru serta keterampilan praktis yang diperlukan dalam mengembangkan aplikasi yang efisien dan mudah diakses di berbagai platform, seperti iOS, Android, dan Windows. Dalam pelatihan ini, peserta juga mempelajari pentingnya infrastruktur back-end yang kuat dan aman untuk meningkatkan skalabilitas, keamanan, dan kinerja aplikasi secara keseluruhan. Mereka diajarkan tentang bahasa pemrograman, basis data, dan layanan cloud yang mendukung operasi back-end. Selain itu, pelatihan ini menekankan pentingnya mengikuti pedoman dan standar industri untuk memastikan aplikasi yang dikembangkan memenuhi standar keamanan, kinerja, dan kualitas. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan kompetensi digital pegawai, mempersiapkan mereka untuk menghadapi perubahan dan mengidentifikasi peluang serta tantangan yang muncul dari perubahan teknologi. Dengan pengetahuan yang diperoleh, pegawai lebih siap untuk mengembangkan aplikasi berkualitas tinggi yang sesuai dengan standar industri. Kesimpulannya, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berhasil meningkatkan wawasan dan pengetahuan pegawai dalam menghadapi disrupsi digital, yang sangat relevan dan penting dalam era digital yang semakin kompetitif.
ORTHODONTICS AND ITS IMPACT ON SLEEP QUALITY CAUSED BY OBSTRUCTIVE APNEA
Authors: Apolo Carrión Yanderin Nicole , Rodríguez Robles Carla Jessenia , Sauca Chalán Nancy Pilar , Ordóñez Nieto Mateo Eduardo , Yunga Picón Maria Yolanda , Dávila Arcentales Mónica Beatriz , Lafebre Carrasco Milton Fabricio
Published: July 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder characterized by episodes of partial and/or complete obstruction during sleep, where breathing is interrupted or becomes shallow, resulting in decreased oxygen in the blood and micro-arousals that fragment sleep. The objective is to understand the connection between orthodontic or orthopedic treatments and the improvement they produce in this disorder. Identify the causes and consequences of obstructive sleep apnea in patients, as well as the effects of orthodontic treatments used to improve the condition. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, and Springerlink; MeSH terms "Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy" AND Orthodontics.
Mediating Effect of Vitamin Intake on the Relationship Between Depression and Health-related Quality of Life in Cancer Survivors (Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2020)
Authors: Yun Min Ho ,   Presbyterian Medical Center, Korea, Oh Jong Eun ,   Presbyterian Medical Center, Korea
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate relationship between depression and health-related quality of life in cancer survivors and mediating effect of vitamin intakes on the relationship. This study utilized data collected in the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2020. Health-related quality of life was negatively correlated with depression, and positively correlated with thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin E intake. Mediation analysis revealed that only riboflavin and vitamin E intake had significant mediating effects. This study provides a foundation for future research aimed at improving the quality of life of cancer survivors through the use of vitamins. Key Words: Cancer survivors, Riboflavin, Vitamin E, Quality of life
Evaluating the Reliability of the ‘Beta’Angle and ‘W’Angle Compared To the ANB Angle for Sagittal Discrepancy
Authors: Agarwal Radhika
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of the Beta angle and W angle in comparison with the ANB angle for assessing sagittal discrepancies in orthodontic patients. A total of 50 lateral cephalometric radiographs from patients with Class I and Class II division 1 malocclusion were analyzed.
Vegetable production under the influence of food insecurity, environmental factors, and international integration processes
Authors: Kuts Oleksandr , Rud Victoria , Kryvenko Nadiia , Terokhina Liudmyla , Shablya Oleksander
Published: July 2024

The significance of vegetable production is driven by the need of the population for vitamin products, processing enterprises for raw materials, especially in wartime, in the face of food and environmental hazards, and the need to increase export opportunities, considering international integration processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of war on the economic availability and environmental safety of food, to identify and assess the components and vectors of food and environmental safety management, and to evaluate and promote exports in the context of international economic integration. The study employed the methods of analysis and synthesis, generalisation and specification, mathematical and graphical methods. Sources of information: data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Trade Centre (ITC), and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The study analysed the current state of vegetable production, identified the key problems under the influence of food hazards, environmental factors, and integration processes. The study examined the impact of the war on the economic availability and environmental safety of food, estimated the volume of deficit in vegetable production, identified the principal economic and environmental problems and areas for improving the efficiency of the industry in the future. The volume of the deficit in vegetable production was found and the size of the lost sowing areas was determined; the reasons for the unsatisfactory state of vegetable production were identified. It was established that in recent years the country has experienced a temporary famine, which is unacceptable in the European space. It was found that, to minimise the agri-food crisis and environmental threats, it is necessary to focus on the implementation of the proposed measures to support production efficiency, the implementation of which will allow solving the issues of independence and food security of territorial communities, especially in times of war, and improve the functionality of governing bodies, economic entities, investors, scientists, and producers based on sustainable development. The practicality of the study findings is confirmed by the effectiveness of the developed proposals that can be used in the implementation of measures to increase vegetable production and exports
Restoration of war-damaged soil fertility to ensure sustainable agricultural production, food security and global recognition of Ukraine
Authors: Shebanin Vyacheslav , Gamajunova Valentina , Karpenko Mykola , Babych Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

The introduces new agrotechnological crop rotations is relevant in the context of environmental protection. The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of introducing two crop rotations on degraded lands in the Mykolaiv region, where active military operations were conducted. The study determined that the introduction of new crop rotations led to a 1.3-fold increase in gross output compared to previous data. In a five-field crop rotation, growing perennial grasses for green fodder together with annual grasses for silage restored soil fertility and increased yields by 30 c/ha compared to existing economic indicators. Oat yields with perennial grasses increased by 18 c/ha. Growing corn for silage and green fodder provided an additional 100 cwt/ ha. An increase in the yield of fodder roots and annual grasses for green fodder by 110 c/ha demonstrated the effectiveness of the new crop rotations. In a seven-season crop rotation, the introduction of perennial grasses increased soil fertility reduced soil erosion, and increased yields of winter wheat and sugar beet. Sugar beet yields increased by 25 c/ha, while potatoes and grain corn yields increased by 55 c/ha. The introduction of annual grasses, pulses and buckwheat helped to increase yields by 28 c/ ha. The results of the study can be used by local communities to develop and implement environmental measures and programmes aimed at restoring the structure and fertility of damaged lands and preserving their quality
Prospects for the introduction of a green economy in the agricultural sector of Ukraine for the next 10 years
Authors: Bialkovska Oksana , Poprozman Nataliia , Zelenskyi Andrii , Fedorchuk Nataliia , Huk Yaroslav
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the deterioration of the environment and the low level of application of green technologies in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The aim was to outline the current problems for farmers in the use of green farming methods and to find solutions. The study assessed the level of use of certain green technologies in agricultural production in Ukraine. The main results obtained in this work are: determining Ukraine’s place in the Green Future Index ranking in various areas during 2021-2023 and comparing it with Iceland, Finland, and Norway; identifying areas of green technologies that need to be developed in Ukraine during martial law and after the war (precision and organic farming, the introduction of biotechnology to create genetically modified organisms and the transition to alternative energy sources). The study of the dependence of farmers’ propensity to use green technologies on the size of farming confirms its undeniable presence. The analysis of foreign experience in precision agriculture allowed formulating recommendations for foreign companies entering the Ukrainian market to promote the use of precision agriculture in Ukraine. The findings on the growing electricity shortage helped to justify the further use of alternative energy sources in the context of the conflict. A study of the negative impact of the hostilities on Ukrainian land allowed classifying such types of impact and developing measures to restore the soil. The assessment of the use of technologies in agriculture helped to identify areas for the introduction of a green economy in the agricultural sector in Ukraine, which will help to increase agricultural yields without harming the environment and increase its competitiveness. The results and conclusions have practical implications for the Government in developing agricultural policy and for farmers in managing their farms
Electronic tracking and identification of animals in agriculture for monitoring herd development and health
Authors: Shergaziev Uranbek , Nurgaziev Rysbek , Baitemir Meirimgul , Karybekov Altynbek , Sultangaziev Esentur
Published: July 2024

Agricultural business methods are no longer possible without computer technology, which helps to identify animals, record productivity and monitor their health. Therefore, the study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the functionality of the main dairy farm management software for their objective assessment from the point of view of milk producers. For this purpose, information from the official websites of software products was analysed and scientific articles analysing this software were collected. As a result, all software products were divided into 3 categories: software for controlling dairy productivity and managing processes on a dairy farm from dairy equipment manufacturers; such software products include DairyPlan C21 (GEA), DATAFLOW II (Milkline), AfiFarm (Afimilk), DelPro (DeLaval) and FARMSOFT (Farmtec a. s.); dairy farm management software DairyComp 305 and UNIFORM-Agri, as well as farm software from post-Soviet developers – MilkCentre (CIAB Expert). Programmes from dairy equipment manufacturers were almost at the same level and had virtually all the necessary blocks for identifying, controlling and managing animals on a dairy farm. The software developed for dairy farm management is more effective in tandem with one of the milking parlour programmes. This class of software expands the possibilities for managing reproductive and veterinary work on the farm, as well as reduces the workload on staff by generating automatic reports for regulatory authorities and management. The third class of programs is the least developed compared to the above, but it compensates for this shortcoming by constant improvement due to the continuous contact of developers with the manufacturer. Thus, there is a significant number of software products on the software market that can provide dairy management for farms of various sizes
PROTEIN RECOMMENDATIONS FOR VEGETARIANS AND VEGANS
Authors: Caldeira Barbara , Antoniazzi dos Santos Pâmela
Published: July 2024

Objective: Analyze official protein recommendations for vegan and vegetarian individuals in all life stages. Methods: Integrative review carried out with official recommendations from six different countries and one continent, found in the PubMed database e Google Scholar. This study included articles with official recommendations from different countries, published in the last ten years in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Results: In the search, after analyzing the titles and abstracts, seven articles were considered for the study. Conclusions: Considering only proteins, it is possible to have a healthy vegetarian diet, provided that individuals are careful with protein consumption so that the daily recommendations are met and there is not any deficiency related to this macronutrient. However, in vegan diets, individuals should have greater caution since these only include plant protein sources which have lower bioavailability and, therefore, need to be consumed in a bigger quantity and from various different sources throughout the day. Nutritional assistance is essential in this dietary choice.
Possibilidades do ordinário
Authors: Soares Tiago  Nunes
Published: July 2024

Ensaio visual baseado em experimentações com fotografia e editor de imagens
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Eleştirel Okumaya Yönelik Metaforik Algıları
Authors: Türkben Tuncay , Maraşlı Cansel
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının eleştirel okumaya yönelik metaforik algılarını belirlemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomonoloji (olgu bilim) deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2023 – 2024 eğitim – öğretim yılı güz yarıyılında Aksaray Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği Programı ile Erciyes Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği Programı’nda öğrenim gören 97 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen bir form kullanılmıştır. Formun ilk kısmında öğretmen adaylarının kişisel bilgileri için bir bölüme ikinci kısmında ise metafor elde etmek amacıyla “Eleştirel okuma benim için/bana göre … gibidir/benzer. Çünkü …”şeklinde tamamlanması istenilen ifadeye ve gerekli açıklamalara yer verilmiştir. Toplanan verilerin analizinde içerik analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre Türkçe öğretmeni adayları eleştirel okumaya yönelik 444 adet geçerli metafor üretmişlerdir. Analiz sonucunda bu metaforlardan 47 tanesinin tekrar ettiği, 307 tane metaforun ise sadece bir kez kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının en çok kullandıkları metaforlar “dedektif” (%1,57), “yapboz” (%1,57) ve “süzgeç” (%1,35) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Metaforlar gerekçeleri dikkate alınarak 25 kategori altında toplanmıştır. Araştırmada Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının bir kısmının en fazla iki metafor üretebildiği, bazılarının gerekçe belirtirken metaforla ilgisi olmayan gerekçeler yazdığı tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak oluşturulan metaforların benzer olduğu ve cinsiyetin etkili olduğu metaforlar belirlenmiştir.
The Role of Urine Na+ Levels as A Predictor of Diuresis Response, Length of Stay, Rehospitalization And Death Due to Cardiovascular Disease In 30 Days Post Treatment in Acute Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Wijaksana I Gede Bagus Bhaskara , Wiryawan I Nyoman , Suastika Luh Oliva Saraswati
Published: July 2024

Background: The incidence of rehospitalization and death due to cardiovascular disease in acute heart failure (AHF) is relatively high. The spot urine Na+ value 6 and 48 hours after loop diuretic still does not have a clear role as a predictor of diuresis response, length of stay, rehospitalization as well as the composite of rehospitalization events and death due to cardiovascular disease within 30 days. Objective: To determine whether spot urinary Na+ 6 hours and 48 hours after loop diuretic is a predictor of diuresis response, length of stay, rehospitalization as well as a composite of events within 30 days. Methods: This study is a prospective cohort of AHF patients treated in February-March 2024. The independent variable is the spot urine Na+ value 6 and 48 hours after loop diuretic. Outcomes consist of diuresis response, length of stay, rehospitalization as well as a composite of rehospitalization and death due to cardiovascular disease within 30 days. Results: A total of 72 AHF patients were included in the study. Rehospitalization events occurred in 20.8% of cases while composite events occurred in 22.2%. The cut point value for spot urinary Na+ 6 hours after loop diuretic in this study was 62.3 mmol/L. 6-hour spot urine Na+ was a predictor of poor diuresis response with adjusted OR 3.67 (95% CI 1.12-11.8; p < 0.03). Regression analysis showed that 6-hour spot urine Na+ was not a predictor of length of stay (β coefficient: -0,023 95% CI -0,054 – 0,008; p = 0.138). 6-hour spot urine Na+ was a predictor of rehospitalization with adjusted HR 3.53 (95% CI 1.11-11.18; p = 0.032). The 6-hour spot urine Na+ value was a composite predictor of 30-day events with HR 4.89 (95% CI 1.58-15.11; p = 0.006). No association was found between 48-hour spot urine Na+ values with diuresis response, length of stay, rehospitalization and events within 30 days. Conclusion: Spot urine Na+ value 6 hours after loop diuretic is a predictor of diuresis response, rehospitalization and composite events within 30 days. The 6-hour urine Na+ spot value is not a predictor of length of stay. The 48-hour urine Na+ spot value is not a predictor of diuresis response, length of stay, rehospitalization or composite events within 30 days.
The Role of Medication in Learning Achievement: A Study of Student Competency, Motivation, and Training on Student Work Readiness
Authors: Wahid Ahmad Saikhu , Munawaroh Munawaroh , Setyani Nanik Sri , Lenggono Kumoro Asto
Published: July 2024

Vocational school students’ work readiness is the student’s ability to enter the world of business and industry after graduating from school. This research aims to study the influence of the role of learning achievement on vocational school students’ work readiness in terms of competence, motivation, and training. The research method uses a quantitative approach by collecting survey data on vocational school students. Vocational school student data was collected using a questionnaire on 200 final-year vocational school students using a total sampling technique. Data analysis in this study used SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square). The results of this research indicate that the learning achievement variable is not able to mediate the influence of the competency variable but is able to provide a mediating influence on the motivation and training variables on work readiness in vocational school students.
Mathematical Lock in and Lock Out
Authors: Cabanlit, Jr. Epimaco A.
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we propose a definition for the terms lock in and lock out in the area of mathematics, particularly in Set Theory.
ESTUDO DA SÍNDROME DE FIBROMIALGIA NO MUNICÍPIO DE ITACOATIARA – AM
Authors: Souza Geovania Santos de , Costa Flávio Nogueira da
Published: July 2024

A síndrome da fibromialgia (SF) é uma síndrome clínica crônica caracterizada por dores musculoesqueléticas, frequentemente acompanhadas por cansaço, sono não reparador, dores de cabeça, formigamentos, alterações intestinais, dificuldades cognitivas e patologias mentais, como ansiedade e depressão. Predominante em mulheres entre 20 e 55 anos. O diagnóstico da SF é complexo devido à ausência de marcadores laboratoriais específicos e à semelhança de seus sintomas com outras doenças reumáticas, como Artrite Reumatoide e Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico. Tratamentos para SF incluem abordagens farmacológicas e não farmacológicas. A terapia farmacológica, feita com antidepressivos e analgésicos, e não farmacológico, como terapias cognitivas e exercícios físicos. Este estudo visou analisar a prevalência da SF em Itacoatiara - AM, identificando doenças concomitantes e a frequência dos principais sintomas associados dentre os pacientes. A pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa envolveu entrevistas a partir de um questionário, revelando uma predominância de mulheres com SF, um diagnóstico frequentemente tardio, e um uso predominante de medicamentos analgésicos e anti-inflamatórios. O estudo mostrou um expressivo desconhecimento sobre a fibromialgia entre os entrevistados, sendo que 60% afirmaram não saber informações básicas sobre a patologia. Os resultados demonstraram a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar para o diagnóstico e tratamento da SF, integrando tratamentos farmacológicos e não farmacológicos, e uma educação em saúde direcionada para melhorar a adesão ao tratamento e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Além disso, a semelhança dos sintomas da SF com outras doenças reumáticas deve ser considerada para evitar diagnósticos equivocados.
Influence of minor hydrocarbon seepage on sulfur cycling in marine subsurface sediments and its significance for hydrocarbon reservoir detection
Authors: Schnabel Ellen , Vuillemin Aurèle , Laczny Cédric C. , Kunath Benoit J. , Soares André R. , Di Primio Rolando , Kallmeyer Jens ,   the PROSPECTOMICS Consortium
Published: July 2024

Abstract. All hydrocarbon (HC) reservoirs leak to some extent. When small quantities of HCs escape offshore reservoirs and migrate through overlying organic-poor marine sediments towards the surface, these HCs are often completely metabolized by microbial activity before reaching the sediment-water interface. However, inconspicuous HC fluxes still affect the geochemistry of the surrounding sediment, thereby exerting a subtle influence on the composition and activity of microbial populations in shallow subseafloor environments. In this study, we investigated how localized HC seepage affects microbial sulfate reduction in organic-poor sediment from the SW Barents Sea. We focused on three areas overlying known HC deposits and two reference areas of pristine seabed for comparison. The analysis of 50 gravity cores revealed significant variability in the predicted depth of sulfate depletion across sampling sites, ranging from 3 to 12 m below the seafloor. Although we observed nearly linear pore water sulfate and alkalinity profiles, we measured and modeled low rates (pmol × cm3 × d−1) of sulfate reduction. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data on functional marker genes supported microbial turnover associated with active processes of sulfate reduction and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Marker genes for taxonomy (i.e. SSU rRNA, rpoD), sulfate reduction (i.e. dsrAB, aprAB), methanogenesis and methanotrophy (i.e. mcrA) revealed metabolic activities by a consortium of sulfate-reducing bacteria and ANME archaea, capable of harnessing energy for cell division (i.e. ftsAZ) from HC traces diffusing through the sediment. Overall, our study demonstrates that the gradient in pore water geochemistry, the rates of sulfate reduction processes, and the genetic features of microbial populations actively involved in sulfate-driven AOM processes are all affected by inconspicuous HC seepage. This slight HC seepage resulted in sulfate depletion at shallower depth and produced concomitant biogeochemical signatures in the shallow subsurface that enable the inference of deeply buried reservoirs.
Long-term changes in the thermodynamic structure of the lowermost stratosphere inferred from ERA5 reanalysis data
Authors: Weyland Franziska , Hoor Peter , Kunkel Daniel , Birner Thomas , Plöger Felix , Turhal Katharina
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The lowermost stratosphere (LMS) plays an important role for stratosphere-troposphere coupling and the Earth’s radiation balance. This study investigates the effects of long-term changes of the tropopause and the lower stratospheric isentropic structure on the mass of the LMS. We use ERA5 reanalysis data from 1979–2019, focusing on changes after 1998, which marks the anticipated beginning of stratospheric ozone recovery. The trend analysis is performed with a dynamic linear regression model (DLM), capable of modeling non-linear trends. According to our study, isentropes in the lower stratosphere (here 380–430 K) show upward trends in the tropics and downward trends in the extratropics, consistent with a strengthening of the Brewer-Dobson circulation. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH), we find that the extratropical tropopause is rising at a mean rate of −1 hPa/decade. For the Southern hemispheric (SH) extratropics, the lapse rate tropopause shows a downward tendency of up to +2 hPa/decade after 1998. The tropical tropopause and the cold point is rising with an average trend of roughly −0.5 hPa/decade, consistent with increasing potential temperatures. Additionally, we find that the tropical tropopause in the NH has expanded polewards by 0.5° latitude. Consistent with the upward and poleward trend of the NH tropopause, the mass of the LMS is decreasing by 2–3 % between 1998–2019 if a fixed isentrope (380 K) is chosen as the upper LMS boundary. This mass decline disappears if dynamical upper LMS boundaries are used, that take the upward trends of the tropical tropopause into account.
Weak surface temperature effects of recent reductions in shipping SO2 emissions, with quantification confounded by internal variability
Authors: Watson-Parris Duncan , Wilcox Laura J. , Stjern Camilla W. , Allen Robert J. , Persad Geeta , Bollasina Massimo A. , Ekman Annica M. L. , Iles Carley E. , Joshi Manoj , Lund Marianne T. , McCoy Daniel , Westervelt Daniel , Williams Andrew , Samset Bjørn H.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In 2020 the International Maritime Organization (IMO) implemented strict new regulations on the emissions of sulphate aerosol from the world's shipping fleet. This can be expected to lead to a reduction in aerosol-driven cooling, unmasking a portion of greenhouse gas warming. The magnitude of the effect is uncertain, however, due to the large remaining uncertainties in the climate response to aerosols. Here, we investigate this question using an 18-member ensemble of fully coupled climate simulations evenly sampling key modes of climate variability with the NCAR CESM2 model. We show that while there is a clear physical response of the climate system to the IMO regulations, including a surface temperature increase, we do not find global mean temperature influence that is significantly different from zero. The 20-year average global mean warming for 2020–2040 is +0.03 °C, with a 5–95 % confidence range of [-0.09, 0.19], reflecting the weakness of the perturbation relative to internal variability. We do, however, find a robust, non-zero regional temperature response in part of the North Atlantic. We also find that the maximum annual-mean ensemble-mean warming occurs around a decade after the perturbation in 2029, which means that the IMO regulations have likely had very limited influence on observed global warming to date. We further discuss our results in light of other, recent publications that have reached different conclusions. Overall, while the IMO regulations may contribute up to at 0.16 °C [-0.17, 0.52] to the global mean surface temperature in individual years during this decade, consistent with some early studies, such a response is unlikely to have been discernible above internal variability by the end of 2023 and is in fact consistent with zero throughout the 2020–2040 period.
Distribution, trends and drivers of flash droughts in the United Kingdom
Authors: Noguera Iván , Hannaford Jamie , Tanguy Maliko
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Flash droughts have been the subject of a great deal of scientific attention in the last decade, but the greatest emphasis has been on relatively dry climates. Here, we characterised the occurrence of this type of rapid-onset drought events in a more humid setting, the United Kingdom (UK), for the period 1969–2021. Our results show that flash droughts affected both the wetter regions of north-west and the drier regions of south-east in every season over the last five decades. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of flash droughts is highly variable in UK, with important regional and seasonal contrasts. Central and northern regions were generally the most frequently affected by flash droughts in comparison to southeastern region. Overall, there are non-significant trends in flash drought frequencies in winter, summer, and autumn. Nevertheless, we found a significant and notable increase in the number of flash droughts recorded in spring months. In the UK, flash drought occurrence responds primarily to precipitation variability in all seasons, and particularly in winter and autumn. In spring and summer, the atmospheric evaporative demand (AED) is important as a secondary driver for triggering flash droughts, especially in the drier regions of the southeastern UK. Moreover, our findings evidenced that this relevance is rising significantly in spring and summer in the southeast, over the study period. The atmospheric and oceanic conditions controlling these anomalies in precipitation and AED that drive flash droughts were also analyzed. Remarkable anomalies in sea level pressure and 500 hPa geopotential height associated with the presence of high-pressure systems were noted over UK during the development of the most severe flash droughts in all seasons. Likewise, flash drought development typically occurred under negative phase of North Atlantic Oscillation phase in winter and autumn, while in summer and spring positive phase is dominant. We also found positive anomalies in sea surface temperature during the development of flash droughts in spring and summer, while mixed anomalies were reported in winter and autumn. This study presents a detailed characterisation of flash drought phenomenon in UK, providing useful information for drought assessment and management, and a climatology of flash droughts that can be used as a baseline against which future changes in flash drought occurrence can be assessed.
Formation and fate of freshwater on an ice floe in the Central Arctic
Authors: Smith Madison M. , Fuchs Niels , Salganik Evgenii , Perovich Donald K. , Raphael Ian , Granskog Mats A. , Schulz Kirstin , Shupe Matthew D. , Webster Melinda
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The melt of snow and sea ice during the Arctic summer is a significant source of relatively fresh meltwater in the central Arctic. The fate of this freshwater – whether in surface melt ponds, or thin layers underneath the ice and in leads – impacts atmosphere-ice-ocean interactions and their subsequent coupled evolution. Here, we combine analyses of datasets from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition (June–July, 2020) to understand the key drivers of the sea ice freshwater budget in the Central Arctic and the fate of this water over time. Freshwater budget analyses suggest that a relatively high fraction (58 %) is derived from surface melt. Additionally, the contribution from stored precipitation (snowmelt) significantly outweighs by five times the input from in situ summer precipitation (rain). The magnitude and rate of local meltwater production are remarkably similar to that observed on the prior Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) campaign. A relatively small fraction (10 %) of freshwater from melt remains in ponds, which is higher on more deformed second-year ice compared to first-year ice later in the summer. Most meltwater drains via lateral and vertical drainage channels, with vertical drainage enabling storage of freshwater internally in the ice by freshening of brine channels. In the upper ocean, freshwater can accumulate in transient meltwater layers on the order of 10 cm to 1 m thick in leads and under the ice. The presence of such layers substantially impacts the coupled system by reducing bottom melt and allowing false bottom growth, reducing heat, nutrient and gas exchange, and influencing ecosystem productivity. Regardless, the majority fraction of freshwater from melt is inferred to be ultimately incorporated into upper ocean (75 %) or stored internally in the ice (14 %). Comparison of key source and sink terms with estimates from the CESM2 climate model suggest that simulated freshwater storage in melt ponds is dramatically underestimated. This suggests pond drainage terms should be investigated as a likely explanation.
Momentum flux characteristics of vertical propagating Gravity Waves
Authors: Nyassor Prosper K. , Wrasse Cristiano M. , Paulino Igo , Figueiredo Cosme A. O. B. , Buriti Ricardo A. , Takahashi Hisao , Gobbi Delano , Giongo Gabriel A.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Simultaneous observations of airglow intensity, rotational temperature, and wind data at São João do Cariri (36.31° W; 07.40° S) by Co-located photometer, all-sky imager, and meteor radar were used to study the characteristics of vertical propagating gravity waves (GWs). Using the photometer data, the phase progression of GWs with the same propagation period in the OI 557.7nm, O2, NaD-line, and OH (6-2) emission layers were then used to determine the upward or downward vertical propagation of the waves. The vertical phase speed and wavelength are estimated using the wave period and phase difference at different altitude. From the O2 and OH (6-2) rotational temperatures, the total energy and the momentum flux of the downward propagating GWs were determined. For the upward propagating GW only the momentum flux and potential energy were estimated due to lack of observed wind. Further analysis of the momentum flux for each of the two events revealed that the momentum flux and potential energy of the downward propagating GWs increases with decreasing altitude. On the contrary, the GW momentum and energy of the upward propagating waves increases with increasing altitude. Thus, clearly demonstrating the transfer of momentum flux and energy from the source to the sink. This characteristic difference can be used to careful analysis the changes in GWs energy propagation due to reflection of non-primary GWs.
Investigating the synergistic potential of Si and biochar to immobilize Ni in a Ni-contaminated calcareous soil after Zea mays L. cultivation
Authors: Boostani Hamid Reza , Hardie Ailsa G. , Najafi-Ghiri Mahdi , Bijanzadeh Ehsan , Khalili Dariush , Farrokhnejad Esmaeil
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In Iran, a significant percentage of agricultural soils are contaminated with a range of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including Ni, which need to be remediated to prevent their entry into the food chain. Silicon (Si) is a beneficial plant element that has been shown to mitigate the effects of PTEs on crops. Biochar is a soil amendment that sequesters soil carbon and that can immobilize PTEs and enhance crop growth in soils. No previous studies have examined the potentially synergistic effect of Si and biochar on the Ni concentration in soil chemical fractions and the immobilization thereof. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the interactive effects of Si and biochar with respect to reducing Ni bioavailability and its corresponding uptake in corn (Zea Mays) in a calcareous soil. A 90 d factorial greenhouse study with corn was conducted. Si application levels were 0 (S0), 250 (S1), and 500 (S2) mg Si kg−1 soil, and biochar treatments (3wt %) including rice husk (RH) and sheep manure (SM) biochars produced at 300 and 500 °C (SM300, SM500, RH300, and RH500) were utilized. At harvest, the Ni concentration in corn shoots, the Ni content in soil chemical fractions, and the release kinetics of DPTA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid)-extractable Ni were determined. Simultaneous utilization of Si and SM biochars led to a synergistic reduction (15 %–36 %) in the Ni content in the soluble and exchangeable fractions compared with the application of Si (5 %–9 %) and SM (5 %–7 %) biochars separately. The application of Si and biochars also decreased the DPTA-extractable Ni and Ni content in corn shoots (by up to 57 %), with the combined application of SM500 + S2 being the most effective. These effects were attributed to the transfer of Ni in soil from more bioavailable fractions to more stable iron-oxide-bound fractions, related to soil pH increase. SM500 was likely the most effective biochar due to its higher alkalinity and lower acidic functional group content which enhanced Ni sorption reactions with Si. The study demonstrates the synergistic potential of Si and SM biochar for immobilizing Ni in contaminated calcareous soils.
Perforación intestinal idiopática intrauterina. Reporte de caso
Authors: Raza Mesa Gabriela , Mafla María Alejandra
Published: July 2024

Describimos el caso clínico de una paciente de 5 días de vida, muy prematura y producto de un embarazo gemelar con diagnóstico prenatal de atresia duodenal. Transferida para resolución quirúrgica postnatal; evidenciando tras el procedimiento quirúrgico una perforación intestinal contenida con hallazgos sugestivos de perforación intestinal por peritonitis meconial. Se realiza un análisis de la clínica, hallazgos complementarios así como una actualización del manejo terapéutico.
A Re-Evaluation of Screen Production on the Gold Coast After COVID-19
Authors: Ryan Mark David , Couzens Andrew , Innes Peter , Cake Sue
Published: July 2024

This study was commissioned by the City of Gold Coast to re-evaluate the size and activity of the film and television production industry on the Gold Coast since the outbreak of COVID-19 in March 2020. Focusing on the period between June 2020 and mid-2023, the study examines the production activity and characteristics of the local screen ecology; the size and growth of the local film, television and games workforce; and the current capacity of film and television sound stages and production facilities. Using both qualitative and quantitative research methodology, primary data was generated through a series of semi-structured interviews with key above-the-line screen content creators and stakeholders; data mining from Screen Queensland’s location and crew online app, IMDb, and City of Gold Coast Screen Attraction data; and ABR and ABS Census data. The findings indicate the employment of film, television and creative specialists on the Gold Coast grew nearly three times more than the average employment growth. The Gold Coast also accounted for between 39% and 71% of Queensland’s total film and television drama production expenditure. The report identified several barriers to continued growth of the film and television industry on the Gold Coast and made a number of recommendations to address these challenges.
Job Satisfaction and Locus of Control in Mid-Career Professionals in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Kamrani Farhan , Zia Asbah , Mursaleen Mahwish
Published: July 2024

The current research was an attempt to explore the association between Job Satisfaction (JS) and Locus of Control (LOC). The gender difference in JS and LOC was also explored. For this study a sample of 421(211 males, 210 females) mid-career employees was drawn from Karachi, Pakistan.  It was hypothesized that (1) Internal LOC will be positively correlated with JS. (2) There will be gender difference in JS, and (3) there will be gender difference in LOC. The first hypothesis of the study was proved. Results indicated that there is positive correlation between JS and internal LOC however the gender difference is insignificant in both, JS and LOC in the sample under study (i.e., mid-career employees of Karachi, Pakistan). The findings of current study offer valuable insights into the factors that impact JS, providing practical recommendations for organizations looking to enhance employee engagement and productivity.
The Battle Within: Confronting Teen Drug Addiction and Building Resilience
Authors: Tariq Iqra
Published: July 2024

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Biomedicine, deliberative democracy and childhood. The limits of children and young people’s involvement in health research
Authors: Murano Maria Cristina
Published: July 2024

In recent years, children and young people (CYP) have been increasingly included in patient and public involvement (PPI) in health research and innovation. Such initiatives intend to give a voice to CYP in such matters. Given that it is debated whether PPI in health care fosters the values of participation, public discussion and decision making put forward by deliberative democracy, this article examines three sets of challenges concerning the involvement of CYP by focusing on age biases. After describing some existing initiatives, the paper critically examines why CYP are involved, how the CYP group is constituted and then investigates the moral status of CYP in biomedical settings. It shows that the rationale for involving CYP in PPI is mainly top-down and adult-centric, thereby questioning the authentic participation in decision making. It also suggests that to ensure democratic inclusion, the CYP group should be constituted by considering both age and politics. Lastly, the article indicates that, despite the increasing recognition of child-specific rights, the sociocultural norms and power dynamics in pediatrics undermine their moral status and challenge political equality. These three sets of considerations offer a preliminary theoretical contribution toward improving democratic legitimacy and representation of CYP in health research and innovation.
Asociacionismo femenino juvenil: mecanismos de participación en Barcelona
Authors: Conceição Maria Olympia
Published: July 2024

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar el trabajo del asociacionismo femenino juvenil como mecanismo de participación ciudadana orientado a la inserción de colectivos invisibilizados en el mercado laboral a través de la educación integrativa. La investigación se ha desarrollado a partir de un trabajo voluntario de nueve meses de duración en la Asociación Rosa Peris, en Barcelona, que proporciona becas de estudios a chicas jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica, cuyas edades oscilan entre 16 y 26 años. Se ha realizado un análisis de contenido cualitativo del progreso profesional y personal de las becadas, además del impacto identitario. La presentación también ofrece información acerca de cómo pueden las asociaciones femeninas juveniles del tercer sector guiar al poder público en el diseño de políticas públicas y sociales, en materia de juventud e igualdad. Los resultados señalan el alcance práctico de estas intervenciones cívicas en la creación de políticas públicas, toda vez que consiguen fundamentar la producción político administrativa en la experiencia asociativa ciudadana juvenil.
La tentación de Kant y la nueva cosmopolítica
Authors: García-Labrador Julián
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo expone la crítica a Kant realizada por los autores de la nueva cosmopolítica, corriente contestataria que renuncia al ideal de paz del cosmopolitismo, denunciando lo que Isabelle Stengers llama la tentación de Kant: la imposición de una paz trascendente que, impuesta de manera global como ajuste a un tribunal externo, encerraría una declaración de guerra. El artículo examina esta acusación y responde explicando el sentido del ideal cosmopolita en Kant y su relación con el logro de la paz y el progreso moral de la humanidad, señalando tres aspectos fundamentales: la relación del ideal kantiano con la plasticidad humana, el papel del conflicto en la antropología de Kant y la consideración kantiana de la humanidad como un todo moral. Se concluye indicando que, a la luz de estas matizaciones, esta impugnación de Kant habría de ser revisada.
De Eros y Civilización (Marcuse) a la Agonía de Eros (Byung-Chul Han) en el siglo XXI
Authors: López Sáenz Mª Carmen
Published: July 2024

El artículo comienza exponiendo a grandes rasgos la interpretación freudiana del malestar que conlleva la civilización para, seguidamente, describir con mayor detalle la corrección de Herbert Marcuse a la misma, ayudándose del análisis histórico-social de los principios psicoanalíticos y de las implicaciones políticas de la metapsicología. Analiza principalmente Eros y civilización, pero también las obras posteriores de este filósofo, en las que matiza las conclusiones y alternativas que expuso en su libro de 1955. El artículo descubre posteriormente interesantes similitudes con los análisis de Byung Chul Han de la “sociedad del rendimiento” de nuestro siglo XXI que, a pesar de haber cambiado de máscaras, conserva e intensifica gran parte de los “malestares” culturales denunciados por Marcuse, particularmente, la agonía de Eros y, con él, la de la filo-sofía, pero ¿a costa de qué? Concluye invitando al lector a pensar los peligros que surgen de esta situación.