bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paralinguism in the Theatre and the International Theatre Festivals
Authors: Sasho Ognenovski
Published: August 2023

The paralingual structure of the theatrical concepts,particulary those of the postmodernist trends,successfully break the linguistic barriers in the communication of the theatrical play - spectator - recipient in the art of thetre.I would say that the international theatre festivals who are treated assuch in their programs,in their own way,manage to maintain complete communication between the artistic forms on several culture structures taking into account that paralinguistic which is particulary present in this form of performances is in close relation to the roots of the national identity of a nation.Transfused into artistic work through the international festivals this form of artistic performance opens a complex streams of communications which imply to dialoge whose finite consequence is the similarity in the manner of thinking and living of different civilizations,and of course,the polemical parts which are not excluded.
Crosscultural Perspectives on Interaction with Minority and Majority Children at Home and in Pre-school
Authors: Nauclér Kerstin , Boyd Sally
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we will discuss crosscultural perspectives on Turkish and Swedish children’s interaction with parents at home and pre-school teachers in the Swedish mainstream pre-school. Through their participation in various activities at home and in the pre-school, the Turkish and the Swedish children in this study are socialized into somewhat different norms for interaction, which reflect the somewhat different norms for social order, values, and practices of the diverse contexts in which they live. The non-collaborative strategies many pre-school teachers use in conversations with Turkish children, we argue, may partly be taken as a reflection of the image these teachers hold on members of the Turkish minority group in Sweden.
Language Use and Intercultural Communication in Latvia
Authors: Ozolina Inese
Published: August 2023

The aim of this paper is to illustrate how intercultural communication is affected by language use in Latvia and to show that in accordance with theories of D.L.Horowitz and P.R.Brass (Horowitz, 1985; Brass, 1991) the question of language is a question of conflict in Latvia. The empirical base for this report is the survey "Towards a civic society" conducted by the Baltic Data House. In the second analysis of empirical data, author is trying to show the correlation between language proficiency, language use and intercultural communication, and the hypothesis of the report is that the question of language is a question of conflict, because the language hierarchy is changing in Latvia.
Intercultural Communication, the Print Medium and the Ideal of Two-way Symmetry in Interaction
Authors: Roald Hilde
Published: August 2023

The Norwegian authorities emphasises to-way symmetric communication as an overall ideal to create a good relationship and communication with the public. Based on the report «Communication in Intercultural Encounters: The shaping of school-home co-operation» (Roald 1998) the paper focuses on the Norwegian authorities' common use of print information to the public as a basic tool to achieve these goals.
The paper investigates how print information may influence the capacity of certain first generation immigrant groups within the intercultural audience which the authorities specifically want to reach in order to make them become communicative and participating. In this respect the paper questions options and limitations as regards written information in intercultural communication in cases where there might be cultural distance and/or low reading capability or, in other cases, dissimilar practises related to print information.
The paper discusses that much understanding and interpretation of the text in the print media is partly based on tacit cultural knowledge inherent in the text. This is a knowledge that both interacting parties must share if the medium is to function as an effective intermediary and cultural door opener for people of a variety of cultural backgrounds. Also, to function as a real intermediary the authorities need pay attention to specific needs in the audience as well as the audience having the capacity to master print information as a genre within the large group of print medias. In relation to to.way symmetric communication the paper explores the concept "communication middle region" (Meyrowitz 1985) as a possible contribution to see alternatives to traditional ways and modes in co-operative strategies.
The Medium is the Barrier
Authors: Shoham Shlomo G. , Pinchevski Amit
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we present a critical viewpoint of human dialogue in the modern age. In our view, the Internet, as the paramount cultural guidepost at the end of the millennium, is a stark reflection of the barrier in human communication in our time. By means of an analysis of conversation transcripts at virtual conversation sites, we shall endeavor to show that virtual communication, to use a phrase from Zen wisdom literature, is ‘the clap of one hand.’ The medium of the Internet does not permit authentic dialogue, which in our view is the key to creativity and culture; instead, it sells the illusion of communication. We shall make our claims on three levels. First, we shall analyze the virtual entity at the ontological level. We shall then go on to analyze conversations at virtual conversation sites. Finally, we shall adduce a number of social implications of the phenomenon under consideration.
Intercultural communication in the Spanish language classroom in Thailand: Differences in Power Distance, Individualism and Expressiveness
Authors: Jenvdhanaken Benedanakenn , Rangponsumrit Nunghatai
Published: August 2023

This study aims to explore cultural differences between Thais and Spaniards in the classroom setting to identify problems caused by cultural differences and propose guidelines for coping with those issues. We interviewed forty Thai university students majoring in Spanish and ten Spanish teachers working in Thai universities about their expectations and experiences with regards to teachers’ and students’ behaviors and interactions in the classroom. The results highlighted the two cultures’ stark differences in power distance, individualism and expressiveness and revealed insights that can help international teachers cope with the learning disposition of students from hierarchical, collectivist, and reserved cultures.
The development of communicative abilities within small group contexts: a cross cultural perspective
Authors: B. Campbell
Published: August 2023

As higher education institutions throughout Europe continually search for innovative approaches to teaching and learning, not least as they seek to maximise increasingly scarce resources, students are likely to be encouraged, even obliged, to take more responsibility for their own learning. This will be manifested through such activities as the negotiation of learning experiences with their tutors, completion of projects through collaborative efforts with their contemporaries etc. They will carry out many of these activities in small groups. Furthermore, group activity is likely to be a vital part of almost every job that students graduating from higher education are likely to enter irrespective of the country in which they have studied or subsequently work; they will probably be expected to engage in the co-ordination of tasks with others, to share information, solve problems and make decisions. Communicative ability is clearly central to such activities. It is now seen in the UK as a priority skill in national education and training ( National Skills Agenda, 1998).
Characteristics of Australian Political Language Rhetoric: Tactics of gaining public support and shirking responsibility
Authors: Zheng Tongtao
Published: August 2023

The article explores how language can been used as a resource of cultural value and creative power in Australian English. The paper reveals how Australian politicians use political language rhetoric as a powerful tool in gaining political advantages. Several segments of so-called "public discourse" have been analysed, but the author mainly focuses on two areas of speech: how politicians use their language skills in gaining public support, and how they shirk responsibility. Special discoursal features of these speeches have been compiled and categorised. The speeches are studied from the various angles of discourse analysis and political rhetoric techniques.
What is the Basis of American Culture?
Authors: Aldridge M. Gene
Published: August 2023

Culture is about survival of the human species. Central values and human capital formation drive cultures. This paper discusses intercultural communication theory from a historical-developmental perspective across the history of humankind, thus defining the uniqueness of the human cultural experience, namely, speech communication. Linking this unique empirical-based human cultural experience to specific cultures and their core values is the topic of this paper. Through a study of the empirical historical-developmental experience of the United States, this paper identifies a core value from the American culture. This paper posits the idea of a core United States cultural value that has implications for studies in intercultural communication leading to an understanding of the difference between first order change and second order cultural changes and research.
The paper suggests that intercultural communication between human groups is not a new phenomenon and may well hold key values to survival for humankind. Studies in intercultural communication research and theory building might do well to apply this anthropological and historical-developmental approach to the study of culture across the span of human time and evaluate those elements of different cultures which seem to be core values that promote survivability of humankind using human cultural capital.
Business Ethics and Intercultural Communication. Exploring the overlap between two academic fields
Authors: Brinkmann Johannes
Published: August 2023

The paper offers a brief presentation of business ethics as an academic field, and of how it has approached the moral dimension of cross-cultural business activity, i.e. when companies operate in different countries, where stakeholders live in different societies and where norms and values reflect and are affected by cultural differences. Introductory definitions are illustrated by classic case examples and important issues addressed in this field. In a next step, cultural and ethical relativism are discussed, with reference to a four-fold table with combinations of both relativisms and to a process model. This model departs from cultural and moral relativism and outlines how one could transcend such relativism. Among several concluding theses the most important one is a claim that intercultural communication as an academic field can profit from using highly controversial business ethics cases for testing its competence (and for staying humble).
Metaphor and cognition: a cross-cultural study of indigenous and universal constructs in stock exchange reports
Authors: Schmidt Christopher M.
Published: August 2023

The article examines the aspects of similarity and diversity between different cultures through a cognitive metaphorological approach. The aim is to show in which way both aspects are intertwined and in which way they are relevant for both a theoretical foundation of intercultural communication in general and for solving problems of understanding that can arise in special fields of intercultural communication. The article attempts to demonstrate in which way language can be used to analyze culturally relevant cognitive schemas in the field of business communication. It also demonstrates that the concept of indigenous constructs is needed to promote development in the theory of intercultural communication. The author uses the theory of cognitive metaphors which was introduced by Lakoff/Johnson in 1980 and developed further in the 90s and applies it to a cross-cultural corpus of daily business reports on the stock exchange in Finnish, Finland-Swedish and German newspaper articles. Because of the ongoing world-wide process of synchronic movements of trends in national stock markets since the 90s, the reports in different languages on their national stock market movements have a very high degree of referential comparability. A high degree of comparability in the corpus can be considered methodologically crucial for a cross-cultural study which also aims to solve basic theoretical questions.
The Complexity of Intercultural Communication in Cross-cultural Management
Authors: Gullestrup Hans
Published: August 2023

In this article an analytical frame model is presented, by means of which one can describe and understand the contents of important elements in an intercultural situation. The model accepts as fact that all individuals are affected by more than one culture at a time, even if by varying amounts, and introduces - for the purpose of being able to cope with this - the concepts of 'Cultural Categories' and 'Cultural Hierarchies'. In order to be able to describe and understand each of the involved cultures in a specific intercultural situation, three dimensions of culture are worked with: 'The Horizontal Cultural Dimension'; 'The Vertical Cultural Dimension' and 'The Cultural Dimension of Time'. These concepts, as well as the relations between them, are synthesized and illustrated in an analytical Model. Keywords. Analytical frame model, cultural categories, cultural hierarchies, horizontal and vertical cultural dimensions, cultural dimensions of time.
Is There an Essential Difference between Intercultural and Intracultural Communication?
Authors: Ma Lin
Published: August 2023

In this paper, I put into question the idea that there is an essential difference between intercultural communication and intracultural communication. After considering dominating assumptions and ideas leading to this dichotomy, I argue that communication should be explored in terms of particular instances of human action and reaction that are embedded in concrete life situation, and that culture should not be taken as a seamless whole which can be absolutely isolated from each other as abstract entities. Moreover, invoking Wittgenstein’s notion of language-game, I show that the so-labeled intercultural communication and intracultural communication are not far from each other radically as is commonly assumed. Almost all academic writings on the topic of intercultural communication have treated it as essentially different from intracultural communication. This assumption suggests not only that these are two different types of communication, but also that this difference is a qualitative one, as distinct from a difference of degree in terms of the pragmatic success of communicative interaction between persons. The presupposition of a qualitative difference between the two finds its expression in the fact that intercultural communication is presented in the relevant literature almost unanimously as necessarily more difficult than intracultural communication. This idea is far from being justified. In this paper, I consider dominating assumptions leading to the general outlook according to which intercultural communication is regarded as categorically different from intracultural communication. Then I demonstrate that the issue of interpersonal communication should be explored in terms of particular instances of human action and reaction that are embedded in concrete life situation, and that cultures are not seamless wholes which can be absolutely isolated from each other and abstract entities. Finally, by a thought experiment which extends Wittgenstein’s language-game of the builders, I show that the so-labeled intercultural communication and intracultural communication are not far from each other radically as is commonly assumed.
A Cross-cultural Study of Preferences for Popular Music Among Hong Kong and Thailand Youths
Authors: Ho Wai-chung
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this study is to explore popular music preferences among young people in Hong Kong and Thailand. The survey was conducted between June and November 2003. It includes a short questionnaire concerning participants' musical habits, a listening test comprising fifteen excerpts from popular songs in Cantonese, Mandarin, Japanese, Korean, Thai, Spanish, and English and interview questions about musical preferences and influences. The correlation between the language of songs and the subjects' native language was significant, although Korean songs were rated highest and Mandarin lowest in the listening test. Most respondents admitted that they had pop idols and that they preferred mainly local singers. Whilst most respondents believed that a good singing voice was the most important consideration, some said that good looks, good dancing, unique character, and a good image were also important. Subjects engaged in higher education in both places had a greater preference for classical and Western music generally. The results of this study indicate that generalizations about musical preferences must take into account the specific cultural and educational background of the subjects concerned.
Communicative prerequisites for diversity - protection of difference or promotion of commonality?
Authors: Just Sine
Published: August 2023

A basic dilemma faces the student of intercultural communication: Should communicative norms that protect substantial differences guide intercultural encounters? Or should formal rules of communication be promoted regardless of the interlocutors' cultural backgrounds and group affiliations? In this article arguments for and against these two positions are presented through a review of the discussion between Charles Taylor and Jürgen Habermas. It is argued that the theoretically irreconcilable positions may in practice be less than contradictory: in actual communicative encounters interlocutors with different cultural backgrounds do reach agreement on specific issues while preserving their cultural differences. On the basis of this insight, a communicative model that both protects differences and promotes commonality is proposed.
Introducing non-verbal communication to Japanese university students
Authors: Schmidt-Fajlik Ronald
Published: August 2023

Non-verbal communication is an important aspect to teach Japanese English language students if they are to communicate effectively in English. The purpose of this research is to determine which aspects of non-verbal communication would be important to teach Japanese university students studying English. Literature regarding Japanese use of non-verbal communication is described and used as a basis to determine aspects of non-verbal which would be important to introduce Japanese university students to. These finding are also used to develop a survey which was administered to further determine which types of non-verbal communication used in communication would be important to introduce. The Pedagogical implications of this research is described and practical teaching suggestions are given. The importance of conducting classroom research regarding the introduction of cultural material is emphasized as findings in an initial search of literature regarding Japanese use of non-verbal communication often did not support responses given in the survey.
A Linguistics for Ethnography. Why Not Second Languaculture Learning and Translation?
Authors: Agar Michael
Published: August 2023

Language and ethnography have always gone hand in hand. In this article two kinds of linguistics are explored that seem to have a close relationship to ethnography, namely, second languaculture learning and translation theory. The article shows how the former resembles the ethnographic research process while the latter is similar to the usual ethnographic product. The irony is that neither of these two kinds of linguistics have played much of a role in ethnographic research in the past. By applying them to the author’s past work on ethnographic logic and exemplifying them with samples of applied ethnographic work, languaculture learning and translation help re-think the notion of "method" beyond the usual social science conversations while highlighting features of intercultural communication as it happens on the ground.
Analysis of EFL elementary textbooks in Syria and Germany: cognitive, affective and procedural aspects in their inter-cultural context
Authors: Hasan Ali Saud , Raddatz Volker
Published: August 2023

This study attempts to explore and compare the cognitive, affective and procedural aspects of EFL elementary textbooks in Syria and Germany. It analyses a corpus which consists of three Syrian elementary textbooks, Starters I-III, and their German counterparts, Kooky I-II. Based on the paradigmatic change from instructivism to constructivism, a descriptive-analytical approach is used to examine the content-material in terms of teacher vs. pupil orientation, product vs. process orientation, virtuality vs. authenticity, cognitive learning vs. learning by doing which represent the essential parameters of learner autonomy. Results indicate that the Syrian material focuses on the cognitive element of language learning without ignoring affective and procedural factors, whereas the German material tends to put special emphasis on affectivity and process-orientation. Culturally, the Syrian textbooks confine their view to the domestic background before opening up to British culture in book III, whereas the German textbooks are keen to introduce the British dimension right from the start. For the Syrian material, the study suggests the inclusion of pronunciation exercises and a stronger consideration of learner autonomy. For the German material, close attention should be paid to a well-balanced relationship between the three parameters mentioned above.
Service telephone call openings: a comparative study on five European languages
Authors: Pallotti Gabriele , Varcasia Cecilia
Published: August 2023

The paper presents the results of a comparative study on how speakers of different languages (English, French, German, Italian and Spanish) manage the opening of service phone calls. Previous research has focussed on cross-cultural variability in telephone conversations, but this is the first attempt to systematically compare several European languages at the same time. The communicative strategies speakers use in each language are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, allowing a systematic comparison across cultures and languages and the observation of intra-cultural variability. Comparative analysis is based on five fundamental moves that may be performed in a telephone call opening: summons-answer, identification, greetings, how-are-you’s, getting-down-to-business. Implications are drawn for cross-cultural research on interaction and for training staff working in multi-lingual and multi-cultural settings.
Creating Synergy between Collectivism and Individualism in Cyberspace: A Comparison of Online Communication Patterns between Hong Kong and U.S. Students
Authors: Seo Kay Kyeongju , Miller Paul Chamness , Schmidt Cynthia , Sowa Patience
Published: August 2023

In recent years, studies have proposed the use of intercultural communication to promote understanding among students across geographic distances and foster students’ global awareness and international experience. This study compared Hong Kong students’ WebCT discussion postings with those of U.S. students to investigate differences in their online communication patterns. Results showed that while Asian students were more interactive by inviting other students’ opinions, American students were less responsive and more interested in stating their own views. In addition, American students tended to be direct and straightforward in expressing their positions whereas Asian participants used ambiguous language and conveyed their thoughts implicitly.
SME internationalization as a challenge to interpersonal communication competence
Authors: Purhonen Pipsa
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates how the internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) poses a challenge to the interpersonal communication competence of SME owners, managers and employees. Interpersonal communication competence is discussed particularly in the contexts of networking and business collaboration. Collaborative arrangements even with competitors are needed in today’s global business world. Through collaborative interaction it is possible, for instance, to reduce development and production costs or channel resources to creating new innovative products (Stohl & Walker 2002: 237). The expansion of business activities across international borders, in particular, requires networking and collaborative interaction regionally, nationally and internationally. Based on the literature of interpersonal and intercultural communication competence, interpersonal networks and collaborative interaction, this paper provides an analysis of the interpersonal communication competence specific to and needed in the context of SME internationalization.
The Development of a New Instrument of Intercultural Communication Competence
Authors: Arasaratnam Lily A.
Published: August 2023

A review of past literature reveals that there is need for a measure of intercultural communication competence (ICC) that can be used in culturally diverse groups of participants. The present study describes the development and initial empirical testing of a new instrument of ICC. Student participants (N = 302) from multiple cultural backgrounds were used. Using regression, factor, and correlation analyses, the instrument was tested for reliability and construct validity. The preliminary results are very promising. Implications for future research are discussed.
Cross-cultural communication patterns: Korean and American Communication
Authors: Merkin Rebecca S.
Published: August 2023

he most recent extant studies on Korean communication were carried out in the 1990’s. Thus, the purpose of this study is to test and thereby update research on Korean in contrast to American communication practices. Students in Korea and the US filled out questionnaires testing their direct, indirect, immediate, verbally aggressive and communicatively apprehensive communication. This study quantitatively tested the impact of culture on direct, indirect communication as well as verbal aggressiveness and communication apprehensiveness. Results showed that Koreans use less direct and more indirect communication than US Americans and that Koreans were also more communicatively apprehensive and less nonverbally immediate than their US American counterparts. Tests on culture and verbal aggressiveness were not significant.
Internet use ad cross-cultural adaptation.Testing a Model of Internet Use in the Cross-Cultural Adaptation Context
Authors: Wang Ying , Sun Shaojing , Haridakis Paul M.
Published: August 2023

The growth of new communication technologies has presented new challenges to traditional cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) research. Guided by uses and gratifications (U&G) theory, we proposed a model of Internet use in CCA, investigating how individual differences, Internet use motives, and Internet use influenced Chinese students’ CCA. Eight Internet use motives were identified in the CCA context, including social involvement, acculturation, pass time, information, entertainment, convenience, companionship, and ethnic maintenance. The results showed that loneliness, English competence, separation attitude, and convenience motivation predicted socio-cultural adaptation; Loneliness, English competence, information motivation, entertainment motivation, pass time motivation, and American Internet use predicted psychological adaptation. The findings partially supported the proposed model. Implications for CCA and U&G research were discussed.
Representations of otherness in Russian newspapers: the theme of migration as a counterpoint to Russian national identity
Authors: Davis Howard , Sosnovskaya Anna
Published: August 2023

This article examines the coverage of migration topics in a selection of Russian newspapers with nationwide circulations in the first six months of 2005 and tries to answer to the question: how does the Russian national press represent people and features which are significantly different from so-called Russian character and national identity?
The analysis is based on three main themes: immigration, the national project, and Russians abroad. The coverage of immigration addresses issue of Russian and Russian-speaking minorities in the former Soviet republics; immigrants, refugees and displaced persons on territories of Russia; and labour force decline and ‘brain drain’ from the Russian Federation. The discourse on migration is conducted within the framework of the developing national project on construction of a new identity for Russia and Russians. The national project is expressed in terms of the consolidation of Russian society and creation of unified values.
The conclusion is that representatives of ‘others’ who differ from Russians significantly in terms of language and culture or who are territorial outsiders are represented in the press in three main ways. Firstly, there is a benevolent attitude expressed in terms of traditional ties to sisters and brothers from the fifteen Soviet republics. Secondly, there is a predominantly aggressive stance towards those who are seen as not wanting to assimilate or not wanting to engage with Russia and regard it as the older brother. Representations of the Chinese and the Baltic states fit this category. Finally, there is an ambivalent response, mainly in relation to stories of Russians abroad in Europe or North America, toward the interactions between Russian and non-Russian attitudes, values, etc. When the question of Russian national identity surfaces, there is a consistent message but it is differently articulated according to the diversity of the Russian press.
"I’ve learned so much": befrienders’ experiences of befriending minority ethnic young people
Authors: McVittie Chris , Goodall Karen , Barr Yvette
Published: August 2023

Befriending is commonly regarded as a purposive form of relationship designed to benefit the befriendee. Little research has examined experiences of befrienders. We report findings from a study of the experiences of volunteer befrienders to children and young people from minority ethnic backgrounds. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 volunteers. Participants described benefits of the relationships, acceptance by befriendees’ families, and social links and cultural factors relevant to the relationships. Befriending relationships should be viewed as more reciprocal than is often assumed. The mutual construction of meanings, and reciprocal outcomes, suggests that such relationships can engender positive intergroup relations.
A critical discourse analysis of the selected Iranian and American printed media on the representations of Hizbullah-Israel war
Authors: Yaghoobi Mahdi
Published: August 2023

This study examines the relationships between language and ideology and how such relationships are represented in the analysis of texts, following Systemic Functional Linguistics and transitivity analysis developed by M.A.K. Halliday. In this study, it is tried to show that news structures are working apparatuses of ideology and store meanings which are not always obvious for readers. Through a comparative analysis of an Iranian newspaper and an American magazine with opposing ideologies, the researcher attempts to reveal how these ideologies are represented differently in these printed media with regard to Hizbullah-Israel last war in 2006. It also suggests that these printed materials mystify the agency of processes by using various strategies such as passivization and nominalization. In other words, critical text analyses reveal how these choices enable writers to manipulate the realizations of agency and power in the representation of action to produce particular meanings which are not always explicit for all readers.
Exploring LGBTQ Representation and Identity in 'The Boyfriend' by R. Raj Rao: A Literary Analysis and Cultural Perspective
Authors: - Ashfaq Ahmad Wani , - Dr. Roshan Benjamin Khan
Published: August 2023

This research paper critically examines the multifaceted relationship between LGBTQ representation and the exploration of identity within the pages of 'The Boyfriend,' a literary masterpiece penned by R. Raj Rao. Employing an integrated approach that combines meticulous literary analysis and a nuanced cultural perspective, the study embarks on an intellectual journey to unravel the intricate layers of LGBTQ experiences and the profound journey of self-discovery that Rao's work encapsulates.
The central thrust of the research involves an intricate dissection of the characters inhabiting 'The Boyfriend,' traversing their multifarious arcs to discern the subtleties and complexities of their LGBTQ identities. This examination seeks not only to scrutinize the narrative choices of the author but also to decipher the resonance of these portrayals within the wider sociocultural landscape of India. Through a comprehensive exploration of themes, relationships, and character developments, the paper endeavors to illuminate how Rao's prose illuminates the spectrum of struggles, joys, and conflicts faced by LGBTQ individuals, consequently amplifying the literary representation's potential to edify societal understanding.
Moreover, the study extends beyond the literary realm to contextualize these portrayals within the tapestry of Indian culture and its evolving attitudes towards LGBTQ experiences. By assessing the interplay between the narrative's LGBTQ representation and the prevailing cultural norms, the research endeavors to unearth how the depicted struggles and triumphs mirror the contemporary sociocultural milieu. This juxtaposition ultimately serves to highlight the ways in which literature serves as both a reflection and an instrument of cultural change, fostering empathy and expanding perspectives.
As the analysis unfolds, the paper also scrutinizes the narrative techniques, symbolism, and metaphors that Rao strategically employs to reinforce the thematic depth and emotional resonance of 'The Boyfriend.' This examination illustrates how these elements collaborate to intensify the characters' quests for self-actualization, transforming them into powerful allegorical embodiments of the broader LGBTQ narrative.
An Analysis of Consumer’s Concerns in Digital Economy and Effectiveness of Consumer Protection Laws
Authors: - GEETIKA SINGH
Published: August 2023

The present period can be broadly termed as consumer’s era, as they have multiple substitutes available for any product or services. The consumers are more sensitive about the quality of product or services and time concern too. Majority of consumers, specially the youth are more concern about time period, this shifting the mood from monetary aspect to real rime. The Consumers desire to have cheap and best product and fast services; this caused the shifting in the modes of procurements. The expectations have replaced the traditional methods of delivery, which was time consuming to online delivery. Here, there is scope of delivery of inferior quality of product and/or even damaged or incorrect product delivery. These aspects have increased the number of legal disputes. As a natural justice, this needs to be addressed in shortest possible time. For this purpose a separate Act was enacted by the Government of India in 1986 i.e.-"The Consumer Protection Act, 1986". Subsequently, this Act was amended in 2019 and known as, The Consumer Protection Act (Amendment), 2019. The focus was on various new parameters of satisfaction and includes the other missing aspects classifying the range of defective services with precise definitions. The awareness of the consumers has forced the producers to abide by quality and real time delivery of correct product. Further, in the global market, when there is a tough competition, within the product itself, service providers or producers are also concerned about their interests and survival. These aspects need more precise mechanism of grievances redressal. The present consumer search for best out of best, and these expectations have further raised the level of satisfaction, which is very difficult to define. This paper focuses to study and analyse the need to address the consumer concerns, fast grievances redressal and need of effective legal tools in the era of digitalization domestically and globally.
Place de la chirurgie dans le traitement des bronchectasies : analyse et résultats d’une série de 58 patients.
Authors: - K. Ghebouli , - D. Djessas , - K. Bendjoudi , - K. Meskouri
Published: August 2023

La bronchectasie, plus connue sous le nom de dilatation des bronches (DDB), est une destruction permanente et irréversible des bronches, il s’agit d’une affection assez fréquente dans les pays en voie de développement et potentiellement handicapante. Parfois le traitement médical à lui seul ne suffit pas pour améliorer les symptômes et le recours à la chirurgie constitue une alternative très intéressante, cependant le but du traitement chirurgical est la résection la plus complète possible des territoires atteints tout en préservant une fonction respiratoire correct.
Nous rapportons une étude de 58 patients opérés pour bronchectasie. Nos résultats en termes de meilleure qualité de vie et de prévention de complications sont acceptables aux prix d’une morbidité réduite.
Analysis of the Dynasty Rule in the Modern World : Reference to North Korea
Authors: - Ananya Khanna
Published: August 2023

The following paper analyzes the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) , the dynasty of the modern international world . The paper will try to focus on the type of rule functioning in the country leading to either a breakdown or a stable form of governance which will further help us comprehend the idea of good governance.The study will reflect on the hardliners and their policy in the 21st century with certain key developmental factors in the International realm. It takes into account the periphery of countries that are Japan, Russia,China and USA and reflects on the kind of East International Policy establishment of DPRK .
National Curriculum Frame Work – With Special Reference To Foundational Stage
Authors: - Runa Paul
Published: August 2023

Education plays an important role in the present scenario. A true form of education shows the light of knowledge and understanding. The process of education is an unending . Human beings start learning from their mother’s womb and continue learning till the last breath of their lives. True education makes a person more rational and logical, these two qualities are mandatory for a person to have a better standard of living . The New Educational Policy 2020 is promoting blended learning in order to make learning process interesting and to promote competency among students. The present paper is divided into three sections .Section I is stating about the introduction aspects, Section II is giving a description about 5+3+3+4 pattter of NEP 2020, Section III is stating about the pros and cons of National Curriculum frame work, Section IV is the conclusion of the topic.
Survey on Ordering and Eating Food Using Online Food Delivery Applications
Authors: - Srinivasa Gopal
Published: August 2023

The convenience of online food ordering has rapidly grown in popularity in recent years, as technology has made it easier for people to access and purchase food from their favourite restaurants without leaving their homes. This analysis of the survey responses from a sample of consumers indicates the trend and preferences of online food ordering after the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly by younger generations. The survey aimed to collect data on the frequency of online food ordering, the type of food ordered, the level of due diligence conducted by the respondents while ordering food, the impact of online food ordering on overall food consumption, and the perceived advantages and disadvantages of ordering food online. By gathering insights into these areas, the survey aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the trend of online food ordering and its impact on individual consumers, online food delivery and food industry.
Contemporary National Security Issues In India
Authors: - Ankita Thakur
Published: August 2023

National security is indispensable for a country’s survival and growth. Although security has been a complex issue in human history, its complexity has increased in the contemporary period because of technological developments, climate change and various other factors. The complexity of security has led to constant thinking and rethinking about the idea of security, its processes, and dynamics. The security environment in India is highly complex and challenging. It is impacted by the external as well as domestic environment. Since its independence India has faced numerous security threats like cross-border infiltration, terrorism, insurgencies, organized crimes, human trafficking, drug trafficking, the inflow of refugees, interstate disputes, rising intolerance between the castes and religious communities, dwindling economic development, right and left-wing militancy, rising scarcity of water resources, increasing unemployment, corruption, riots between religious communities etc. Other emerging threats include cyber-crimes such as hacking and online attacks, financial fraud, data theft, espionage etc. Given the multiplicity of security challenges that India faces, it is important to investigate the nature and scope of these challenges. This paper focuses on the contemporary challenges to national security and their possible remedy.
Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition: A Study on Theoretical Exploration
Authors: - Dr. G. Laxmi Prabha
Published: August 2023

Entrepreneurial opportunity recognition, a critical precursor to the startup process, is a complex phenomenon influenced by a multitude of factors. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the theoretical frameworks that underpin entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. Drawing on cognitive, resource-based, effectuation, and network theories, we examine the intricate interplay of cognitive processes, resource leveraging, decision-making principles, and social networks in shaping how entrepreneurs identify and capitalize on opportunities.
The cognitive approach highlights the role of perception and intuition, showcasing how entrepreneurs draw connections between disparate information to identify market gaps. The resource-based view emphasizes the strategic deployment of unique resources and capabilities, illuminating the link between competitive advantage and opportunity recognition. Effectuation theory introduces a dynamic perspective, where entrepreneurs use their existing means to co-create opportunities amidst uncertainty. Network theory underscores the significance of social networks in uncovering novel opportunities, revealing the importance of weak ties and network structures.
The factors influencing entrepreneurial opportunity recognition span individual traits and characteristics, environmental cues, cognitive biases, and heuristics. We delve into how personality traits, risk tolerance, and expertise shape an entrepreneur's lens. Environmental factors, including industry trends and regulatory contexts, create windows of opportunity that entrepreneurs can leverage. Additionally, cognitive biases such as overconfidence and confirmation bias either aid or hinder the recognition process.
Practical implications emerge for aspiring entrepreneurs and ecosystem supporters. Tailoring education and training to enhance creativity, risk assessment, and cognitive awareness can foster more effective opportunity recognition. Moreover, vigilance in monitoring industry trends, anticipating market gaps, and understanding economic and cultural contexts can enhance an entrepreneur's ability to spot emerging opportunities.
This exploration prompts future research inquiries into the interplay between multiple theoretical perspectives and the evolving nature of opportunity recognition. As entrepreneurial landscapes continue to evolve, understanding these theoretical frameworks equips entrepreneurs with a comprehensive toolkit to navigate the intricate terrain of opportunity recognition and seize the untapped potential within the business landscape.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PERMAINAN BERBASIS OUTBOUND DALAM KARAKTER MANDIRI SISWA KELAS IV
Authors: Kusumaningrum Thessa Dyah , Mei Fita Asri Untari  , Ervina Eka Subekti
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh penggunaan model penunjang pembelajaran yang kurang efektif, siswa kurangnya antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran, tidak mengerjakan tugas serta kurangnya kesadaran piket kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN Rejosari 02 Semarang dengan jumlah 28 siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model permainan berbasis outbound untuk menanamkan karakter mandiri siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) dengen prosedur pengembangan 5 tahap. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Pengembangan menghasilkan 5 model permainan berbasis outbound untuk menanamkan karakter mandiri siswa, yaitu ada 5 permainan yaitu 1) permainan balap karet, 2) permainan bola silang, 3) permainan air berjalan, 4) permainan kertas maut, 5) permainan biji melayang dan 1 ice breaking rebut bola. Hasil penilaian ahli menunjukkan bahwa model permainan berbasis outbound untuk menanamkan karakter mandiri yang telah dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan.