bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure of the new iron(II) oxalate potassium salt K2Fe[(C2O4)2(H2O)2]·0.18H2O
Authors: Amanchar Sara , Schweitzer Thierry , Mazet Thomas , Malaman Bernard , Diop Leopold V. B , Francois Michel
Published: June 2023

The discovery of a new FeII oxalate framework of composition K2Fe[(C2O4)2(H2O)2]·0.18H2O is reported. Its crystal structure was solved by means of single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. The new organic–inorganic hybrid compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pca21 with unit-cell parameters: a = 12.0351 (4) Å, b = 15.1265 (5) Å, c = 10.5562 (4) Å. This crystal structure, containing eight chemical formula, consists of a succession of FeO4(H2O)2 octahedra and K+ cations growing along b direction. Magnetization measurements indicate that the title compound is paramagnetic over the investigated temperature range (2–300 K). Both magnetization and 57Fe Mössbauer data indicate that Fe2+ is in a high-spin state.
New data on the crystal chemistry of the natural two-layer aluminosilicates latiumite and tuscanite
Authors: Zubkova Natalia V. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Varlamov Dmitry A. , Vigasina Marina F. , Pekov Igor V. , Ksenofontov Dmitry A. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu.
Published: June 2023

The crystal chemistry of the natural microporous two-layer aluminosilicates (2D zeolites) latiumite and tuscanite is re-investigated based on new data on the chemical composition, crystal structures, and infrared and Raman spectra. The CO3
2−-depleted and P- and H-enriched samples from Sacrofano paleovolcano, Lazio, Italy, are studied. Both minerals are monoclinic; latiumite P21, a = 12.0206 (3), b = 5.09502 (10), c = 10.8527 (3) Å, β = 107.010 (3)°, V = 635.60 (3) Å3 and tuscanite P21/a, a = 23.9846 (9), b = 5.09694 (15), c = 10.8504 (4) Å, β = 107.032 (4)°, V = 1268.26 (8) Å3. The obtained crystal chemical formulae (Z = 2 for both minerals) are [(H3O)0.48(H2O)0.24K0.28](Ca2.48K0.21Na0.21Sr0.06Mg0.04)(Si2.86Al2.14O11)[(SO4)0.70(PO4)0.20](CO3)0.10 for latiumite and [(H3O)0.96(H2O)0.58K0.46](Ca4.94K0.44Na0.45Sr0.09Mg0.08)(Si5.80Al4.20O22)[(SO4)1.53(PO4)0.33](CO3)0.14 for tuscanite. These minerals are dimorphous. Both latiumite and tuscanite show distinct affinity for the PO4
3− anion. Hydrolytic alteration of these minerals results in partial leaching of potassium accompanied by protonation and hydration which is an important precondition for the existence of ion/proton conductivity of related materials.
Improved geometric accuracy in single-point incremental forming of aerospace superalloy 625 using Taguchi desirability function analysis
Authors: Bishnoi Pawan , Chandna Pankaj
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This present research aims to identify the optimum process parameters for enhancing geometric accuracy in single-point incremental forming of aviation-grade superalloy 625.

Design/methodology/approach

The geometric accuracy has been measured in terms of half-cone-angle, concentricity, roundness and wall-straightness errors. The Taguchi Orthogonal-Array L9 with desirability-function-analysis has been used to achieve improved accuracy.

Findings

To achieve maximum geometric accuracy, the optimum setting having a tooltip diameter of 10 mm, a step-size of 0.2 mm and a tool rotation speed (TRS) of 900 RPM has been derived. With this setting, the half-cone-angle accuracy increases by 42.96%, the concentricity errors decrease by 47.36%, the roundness errors decline by 45.2% and the wall straightness errors reduce by 1.06%.

Practical implications

Superalloy 625 is a widespread nickel-based alloy, finding enormous applications in aerospace, marine and chemical industries.

Originality/value

It has been recommended to increase TRS, reduce step-size and use moderate size tooltip diameter to enhance geometric accuracy. Step-size has been found to be the governing parameter among all the parameters.
Overcoming the barriers to women's career in information and communication technology business
Authors: Naseviciute Lauryna , Juceviciene Rita
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The paper focusses on the intrapersonal vs environmental barriers to women's career advancement to the top leadership positions in the information and communication technology (ICT) business and envisages the individual, organisational as well as societal practices for overcoming such barriers in the given sector.

Design/methodology/approach

The study relies on the qualitative research method of expert interviews with top-level women managers in the leading ICT companies in Lithuania. The study allowed identifying and structuring the key barriers to women's careers and three-level practices for overcoming them.

Findings

The research has shown that the key intrapersonal barriers are related to the lack of self-confidence and perceived glass ceiling. The main environmental barriers are male domination and socially gendered professions. The practices for overcoming women's career barriers can be categorised into three levels – individual, organisational and societal. The study has shown that the most important individual practices are the ability to continuously self-educate and self-affirmation. On the organisational level, the following key practices can be applied: mentorship and inclusive company culture. The societal practices for improving women's career advancement in ICT are mainly represented by the visibility of successful leaders as role models and initiatives increasing awareness for an inclusive society.

Research limitations/implications

The research limitations are largely related to the research sample selected for the qualitative research (interviews). The respondents are already established in the top leadership positions, so may only have a retrospective view on the obstacles to the respondents' careers. A larger sample could provide a more generalisable data, whilst a larger number of interview participants for preselected categories, like company category or tenure in a position, would provide insights on the different stages of career growth and company's influence for the individual's growth. The authors encourage extending research to other sectoral and national contexts.

Practical implications

The research sets out the key barriers that can be overcome with the help of individual, organisational and societal practices. This provides a comprehensive list of practices that can be adopted by the organisations (in the ICT and beyond), as well as the policy makers on the societal level.

Social implications

Addressing the issues of gender balance and women's career advancement in one of the fastest growing industries (ICT) has profound social implications. Qualitative research has shown how the barriers can be overcome at different levels of the social system.

Originality/value

The paper marks one of the first attempts to introduce a three-level approach to addressing the intrapersonal and environmental barriers to the advancement of women's careers with a particular focus on the ICT sectoral context.
Impact of social media usage on students' academic performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka
Authors: Mufassirin M.M. Mohamed , Ahamed M.I. Rifkhan , Hisam M.S. Mohamed , Mohamed Fazil Mansoor
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Restrictions imposed on freedom of movement and interaction with others due to the COVID-19 pandemic have had the effect of causing many people, especially students, to become addicted to social media. This study aims to investigate the effect of social media addiction on the academic performance of Sri Lankan government university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

A convenience sampling technique was used to conduct a quantitative cross-sectional survey. The survey involved 570 respondents from nine state universities in Sri Lanka. The raw data from the completed questionnaires were coded and processed using SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.

Findings

The findings of this study indicated that the overall time spent on social networking increased dramatically during COVID-19. Based on the results, this study found that there was no association between the time spent on social media and the academic performance of students before COVID-19 came on the scene. However, a significant association was found between the time spent on social media and students’ performance during the pandemic. The authors concluded that overblown social media use, leading to addiction, significantly negatively affects academic performance.

Originality/value

This study helps to understand the impact of social media use on the academic performance of students during COVID-19. Restrictions imposed by COVID-19 have changed the typical lifestyle of the students. Therefore, social media usage should be reassessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of the study will comprise these new insights, and they may well show how to adapt social media to contribute to academic work in meaningful ways.
Aeroballistic optimization of long-range guided ammunition
Authors: Bagy Simon , Libsig Michel , Martinez Bastien , Masse Baptiste
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to describe the use of optimization approaches to increase the range of near-future howitzer ammunition.

Design/methodology/approach

The performance of a gliding projectile concept is assessed using an aeroballistic workflow, comprising aerodynamic characterization and flight trajectory computation. First, a single-objective optimization is run with genetic algorithms to find the maximal attainable range for this type of projectile. Then, a multi-objective formulation of the problem is proposed to consider the compromise between range and time of flight. Finally, the aerodynamic model used for the gliding ammunition is evaluated, in comparison with direct computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computations.

Findings

Applying single-objective range maximization results in a great improvement of the reachable distance of the projectile, at the expense of the flight duration. Therefore, a multi-objective optimization is implemented in a second time, to search sets of parameters resulting in an optimal compromise between fire range and flight time. The resulting Pareto front can be directly interpreted and has the advantage of being useful for tactical decisions.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of the work concerns the aerodynamic model of the gliding ammunition, which was initially proposed as an alternative to reduce significantly the computational cost of aerodynamic characterization and enable optimizations. When compared with direct CFD computations, this method appears to induce an overestimation of the range. This suggests future evolution to improve the accuracy of this approach.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper presents an original ammunition concept for howitzers, aiming at extending the range of fire by using lifting surfaces and guidance. In addition, optimization techniques are used to improve the range of such projectile configuration.
Resilience, adaptation and strategic engagement: Saudi female entrepreneurs confront Covid-19
Authors: González Alessandra L. , Macias-Alonso Inmaculada
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The authors propose that the lessons learned by women business owners in Saudi Arabia during the pandemic can provide a model of strategic engagement for gender, work and organizations moving forward, where the acknowledgment of women's dual roles inside and outside of the home can provide paths for creative adaptation by employers in order to recruit and retain more diverse workers in the future.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 15 female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia during the lockdown and soft reopening of the economy in the summer and fall of 2020.

Findings

The authors’ findings provide evidence that some female business owners were already equipped for resilience during the lockdown as they relied on business models that allowed for flexible hours, working from home, and online collaboration. Entrepreneurs further refined their business models as the lockdown continued, and these changes intersected with ongoing adaptations by government institutions and clients, which were designed to adjust to the realities of moving commerce online. Business models that relied on traditional masculine approaches of in-person interaction with clients outside the home, or on global supply chains materially affected by lockdown disruptions, were the least able to adapt.

Originality/value

Rather than focusing on the strategies of individual entrepreneurs, the authors show how cultural context shapes both business models and adaptations of entrepreneurs from cultures that emphasize women's roles inside the home.
A hierarchical complementary Lean-Green model and its impact on operational performance of manufacturing organisations
Authors: Machingura Tinotenda , Adetunji Olufemi , Maware Catherine
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This research aims to examine the complementary impact of Lean Manufacturing (LM) and Green Manufacturing (GM) on operational and environmental performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was conducted in the Zimbabwean manufacturing industry. A total of 302 valid responses were obtained and analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

Both LM and GM impact environmental and operational performance; however, GM's effect on operational performance is indirect through environmental performance.

Research limitations/implications

This study only focusses on the Zimbabwean manufacturing industry, and the results may not readily apply to other developing countries.

Practical implications

The companies that have successfully implemented LM are able to implement GM more easily because of their complementary nature.

Social implications

The integration of LM and GM reduces most forms of waste, causing an improved environmental and operational performance. In addition, this will improve community relations and customer satisfaction.

Originality/value

This research investigates the complementary nature of LM and GM on how LM and GM impact organisational performance and whether a combined Lean-Green implementation leads to better organisational performance than when LM and GM are implemented individually. The research also examines whether being environmentally compliant leads to improved organisational performance, particularly in a developing country.
Assessing impact of problem-based learning using data mining to extract learning patterns
Authors: Mujumdar Shilpa Bhaskar , Acharya Haridas , Shirwaikar Shailaja , Bafna Prafulla Bharat
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper defines and assesses student learning patterns under the influence of problem-based learning (PBL) and their classification into a reasonable minimum number of classes. Study utilizes PBL implemented in an undergraduate Statistics and Operations Research course for techno-management students at a private university in India.

Design/methodology/approach

Study employs an in situ experiment using a conceptual model based on learning theory. The participant's end-of-semester GPA is Performance Indicator. Integrating PBL with classroom teaching is unique instructional approach to this study. An unsupervised and supervised data mining approach to analyse PBL impact establishes research conclusions.

Findings

The administration of PBL results in improved learning patterns (above-average) for students with medium attendance. PBL, Gender, Math background, Board and discipline are contributing factors to students' performance in the decision tree. PBL benefits a student of any gender with lower attendance.

Research limitations/implications

This study is limited to course students from one institute and does not consider external factors.

Practical implications

Researchers can apply learning patterns obtained in this paper highlighting PBL impact to study effect of every innovative pedagogical study. Classification of students based on learning behaviours can help facilitators plan remedial actions.

Originality/value

1. Clustering is used to extract student learning patterns considering dynamics of student performances over time. Then decision tree is utilized to elicit a simple process of classifying students. 2. Data mining approach overcomes limitations of statistical techniques to provide knowledge impact in presence of demographic characteristics and student attendance.
Female entrepreneurship in family business: bibliographic analysis
Authors: Marín-Palacios Cristina
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The role of women entrepreneurs in family businesses is becoming increasingly important, a fact that is reflected in the scientific literature. The purpose of this study is to identify the key research areas that address this issue. To this end, a bibliometric analysis has been carried out to obtain a perspective of the current situation in this field of research and to identify the key areas of research in recent years.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the analysis is performed using a literature review and bibliometric analysis techniques. The bibliographic source supporting this analysis resulted from a Scopus search of the terms gender, entrepreneurship and family business. VOSviewer was used to facilitate the analysis.

Findings

This bibliometric analysis studies the evolutionary trend of publications on gender, entrepreneurship and family business and identifies current research trends. It also identifies authors, journals and countries with the highest impact levels to enhance collaboration and learning.

Research limitations/implications

It would be advisable to conduct further research with a broader bibliographic base and with other search criteria covering other aspects related to the role of women entrepreneurs in family businesses. This work can serve as a valuable source of information for future research in this field and to assist in the development of effective equality policies to address existing social stereotypes.

Originality/value

This research illustrates, using VOSviewer, the current growth of studies in the field of women entrepreneurship in family businesses.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social and environmental reporting and financial performance of airlines operating in the UK
Authors: Mintah Enoch Opare , Gulko Nadia
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on almost all sectors, but the airline industry has been globally most affected. Although recent years have witnessed an increase in attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting, the disclosure within the airline sector has been historically limited. This paper aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social and environmental reporting and financial performance of airlines operating in the UK.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper applies content, textual and financial analysis to 16 company-year observations covering two fiscal years, 2018 and 2020, of eight airlines operating in the UK. A coding structure is based on the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines. NVivo is used for textual comparative analysis.

Findings

The research reveals that social disclosures exceeded environmental disclosures in the period before and during COVID-19. However, the pandemic has shown a significant increase in environmental rather than social disclosures. The study evidences the dominating themes of social and environmental disclosure, showing changes between 2018 and 2020. The study finds the extent of negative impact of COVID-19 on airlines’ financial performance. A period of crisis prompts companies to release more information, with a positive correlation between higher debt levels and increased disclosure.

Originality/value

The findings complement the emerging empirical evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on CSR reporting and demonstrate how challenges posed by the COVID-19 crisis affect the disclosure practices in the airline industry.
Gender‐inclusive practice in pregnancy determination for transgender, gender diverse and non‐binary patients in medical imaging
Authors: Badawy Mohamed K , Dadoo Prisha , Grossmann Kristy , Lane Riki , Colon‐Cabrera David
Published: June 2023

In recent years, there has been an increased awareness and understanding of the varying gender identities within our society. Consequently, there has also been a need for healthcare providers to be cognizant of the unique needs of a gender‐diverse population. Determining the pregnancy status of transgender, gender‐diverse and non‐binary patients in medical imaging settings has been poorly handled, and there is a lack of standardisation in the Australian and Aotearoa New Zealand setting. The potential risk of exposing a gender‐diverse pregnant patient to ionising radiation increases the need for guidance to ensure potentially pregnant persons are not missed during screening questionnaires. This review article explores various approaches to pregnancy status determination for gender‐diverse patients, recognising the complexities involved and emphasising the need for future work to establish a widely accepted solution.
Assessing the impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on myocardial work indices and left ventricular diastolic function in aortic valve stenosis patients
Authors: Franco Danilo , Santoro Alessandro , Gioia Giuseppe Di , Ferrone Marco , Tramonte Stefania , Salemme Luigi , Cioppa Angelo , Popusoi Gregory , Pucciarelli Armando , Verdoliva Sebastiano , Franzese Michele , Marga Simion , Christodoulakis Dimitris , Barbato Emanuele , Tesorio Tullio
Published: June 2023

Background

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease worldwide. When timely intervention is performed, aortic valve replacement can improve patients' quality and duration of life. Load‐independent left ventricular (LV) functional assessments, such as myocardial work indices (MWIs) and LV diastolic function parameters, could help clinicians decide on the optimal timing of intervention.

Aims

To evaluate the reliability of MWI in AS patients and the changes in MWI and LV diastolic function after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods

We enrolled 53 consecutive patients with severe AS undergoing TAVR admitted between March 2021 and November 2021. MWIs and LV diastolic function were assessed before and after TAVR for each patient.

Results

All MWIs and LV diastolic function indices improved after TAVR. The degree of MWIs improvement was higher in patients with lower prior‐TAVR MWI values, while the more severe the impairment of diastolic function, the greater the post‐TAVR benefit.

Conclusion

The introduction of myocardial work parameters into the routine assessment of patients with AS could improve our understanding of cardiac performance and aid in identifying the optimal timing for surgical or percutaneous treatment.
Implications of wheat farming in Cd(II) and Pb(II) contaminated red eutrophic Oxisol: an experimental pilot investigation
Authors: Gonçalves Affonso Celso , Schwantes Daniel , Campagnolo Marcelo Angelo , Conradi Elio , Piccioli Angélica de Fatima Bortolato , Zanini Emanuel Sobocinski
Published: June 2023

This study aimed (i) to assess the environmental problems of wheat farming in Oxisol with Cd and Pb below the acceptable levels established by national and international regulations, questioning their possible permissiveness; (ii) to investigate the metal distribution in wheat plant organs, and to predict possible implications of cultivation in hazardous conditions; (iii) to assess the grain and flour content of metals and to predict possible implications. The growth of plants, gas exchange parameters, nutritional composition, the yield of grains and metal distribution were evaluated. Cd and Pb are accumulated in different plant organs even when the legislation's limits are respected. 74% of Cd and 96% of Pb are accumulated in roots, while 3% of Cd and <1% of Pb are accumulated in grains. Cd and Pb caused nutritional disorders such as decreased foliar K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn, decreased canopy height, number of tillers, number of spikes, the volume of roots, aerial dry mass and yield of grains. Even if the established limits of Cd are respected, the flour will overtake the provisional tolerable monthly intake established by World Health Organisation. In the evaluated conditions, wheat cultivation in Oxisol within the national standard for Cd could result in hazardous levels in flour.
W/O Pickering emulsion catalytic system stabilised by acetylated arachin/chitosan nanoparticles as an efficient platform for the preparation of diacylglycerol‐rich soybean oil
Authors: Li Wei , Zhang Yu , Wu Bicong , Shi Aimin , Jiao Bo , Wang Qiang
Published: June 2023

Pickering emulsions stabilised by nanoparticles are recognised as enzyme carriers, enabling advanced catalysis efficiency. Herein, we immobilised lipase on acetylated arachin nanoparticles/chitosan composites (AAPs/CS) through cross linking with glutaraldehyde (GDA) resulting in the formation of AAPs/CS‐Lipase to stabilise water in oil (W/O) Pickering emulsion catalytic systems (PEC). The specific activity of AAPs/CS‐Lipase was increased to 160% compared with free lipase (1.48 ± 0.02 U mg−1). Increasing the mass of CS led to an increase in the droplet size of W/O PEC from 2.53 ± 0.82 μm to 7.94 ± 1.24 μm. AAPs/CS‐Lipase decreased the interfacial tension and enhanced the interfacial viscosity of W/O PEC. The catalytic efficiency of W/O PEC is 2.75 times of biphasic catalytic system (BCS). The content of DAG exceeded 50% of the total oil. The specific activity of AAPs/CS‐Lipase remained above 70% even after 10 cycles. W/O PEC provided an efficient catalytic platform to prepare DAG‐rich soybean oil.
Single center experience with the novel rotating dilator sheath TightRailTM Sub‐C in transvenous lead extraction
Authors: Frei Celine , Hofer Daniel , Jan Steffel , Grebmer Christian , Breitenstein Alexander
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Transvenous lead extraction has become a frequent procedure in the context of device lead management and various tools are available. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the novel short rotating dilator sheath TightRailTM Sub‐C (Sub‐C) in transvenous lead extraction.

Methods

For this retrospective single‐center analysis, we included consecutive patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction using the Sub‐C from January 2018 until February 2020 at the University Heart Center Zurich.

Results

A total of 87 leads were extracted within 45 patients using the Sub‐C extraction sheath. The mean dwell time of the leads was 112 ± 9.1 months. Complete procedural success was achieved in 95.6% (43/45) and clinical procedural success in 97.8% (44/45). Two major complications (4.4%, 2/45) occurred, but neither was directly related to the Sub‐C.

Conclusion

This retrospective single‐center analysis suggests that transvenous lead extraction with a routine use of the TightRailTM Sub‐C extraction sheath is a safe strategy resulting in high success rates that may offer useful theoretical benefits. Future studies are needed to evaluate the incremental benefit of a routine use of short extraction sheaths including the Sub‐C during TLE procedures.
Junctional rhythm during cryoablation for typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
Authors: Nakano Masahiro , Kondo Yusuke , Kajiyama Takatsugu , Nakano Miyo , Ito Ryo , Kitagawa Mari , Sugawara Masafumi , Chiba Toshinori , Ryuzaki Satoko , Yoshino Yutaka , Komai Yuya , Takanashi Yukiko , Kobayashi Yoshio
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Cryoablation is being used as an alternative to radiofrequency (RF) ablation for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) owing to the lower risk of atrioventricular block (AVB) compared to RF ablation. Junctional rhythm often occurs during successful application of RF ablation for AVNRT. In contrast, junctional rhythm has rarely been reported to occur during cryoablation. This retrospective study evaluated the characteristics of junctional rhythm during cryoablation for typical AVNRT.

Methods and Results

This retrospective study included 127 patients in whom successful cryoablation of typical AVNRT was performed. Patients diagnosed with atypical AVNRT were excluded. Junctional rhythm appeared during cryofreezing in 22 patients (17.3%). These junctional rhythms appeared due to cryofreezing at the successful site in the early phase within 15 s of commencement of cooling. Transient complete AVB was observed in 10 of 127 patients (7.9%), and it was noted that atrioventricular conduction improved immediately after cooling was stopped in these 10 patients. No junctional rhythm was observed before the appearance of AVB. No recurrence of tachycardia was confirmed in patients in whom junctional rhythm occurred by cryofreezing at the successful site.

Conclusion

Occurrence of junctional rhythms during cryoablation is not so rare and can be considered a criterion for successful cryofreezing. Furthermore, junctional rhythm may be associated with low risk of recurrent tachycardia.
A test of the dyadic associations between ineffective arguing, emotional distress, and violence perpetration and victimization among couples seeking therapy
Authors: Lowery Dylann F. , Novak Josh R. , McWey Lenore M. , Ketring Scott A.
Published: June 2023

Researchers have tested associations between ineffective arguing and emotional distress among couples without relationship violence. Moreover, studies have demonstrated associations between physical violence perpetration and victimization in the aftermath of emotional distress. However, there is a paucity of research examining linkages between ineffective arguing, emotional distress, and physical violence perpetration or victimization. Dyadic data from 231 married, heterosexual couples seeking therapy were used to test a model examining pathways between ineffective arguing and physical violence perpetration and victimization through emotional distress. The hypothesized model was compared to two plausible alternative models. Results revealed higher levels of men's ineffective arguing were positively associated with men's physical violence perpetration, both directly and indirectly, through higher levels of emotional distress. Higher levels of men's ineffective arguing were associated with lower men's physical violence perpetration through higher levels of women's emotional distress. Results can inform the clinical treatment of interpersonal violence by targeting ineffective arguing and emotional distress.
Elemen Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT) dalam Pengajaran Guru Pendidikan Islam: Analisis Literatur Sistematik (SLR) (Elements of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) in Islamic Education Teachers Teaching: Systematic Literature Review (SLR))
Authors: Ajmain @ Jima’ain Muhammad Talhah , Mohd Hairy Ansar Andi , Hehsan Aminuddin , Mohamed Ahmad Marzuki
Published: June 2023

The element of higher order thinking skills (HOTs) in Islamic Education is important in contributing to the effectiveness of teaching and facilitation (PdPc) to students' appreciation of knowledge. Meanwhile, the teacher as the main implementing agent in applying HOTs elements. Therefore, this study aims to identify the elements that contribute to HOTs in the Teaching of Islamic Education Teachers. This study is a descriptive study using systematic literature review (SLR) method of qualitative. The main source of this study is through highlights of previous work obtained from the Google Scholar online database analyzed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA). The findings of the study show that the factors that affect the teaching of Islamic education is able to build HOTs is attitude, readiness, knowledge, skills and formulate. These findings are important to the field of education in Malaysia whether teachers, administrators, State Education Department, Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE) in evaluating the HOTs curriculum from time to time, especially in the field of Islamic education
Exploring Zakatable Wealth from Classical and Contemporary Scholars Perspectives
Authors: Abdullah Syaharina , Ab Rahman Asmak , Haji Abdullah Luqman
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, there are many collective ijtihad by various internationally recognized Islamic organizations as well as individual fatwas of leading contemporary Muslim jurists have been undertaking the process of identifying modern wealth that are compulsory to be zakatable. This is because nowadays, there are many economic activities that are capable of generating higher profit returns and many of them are seen probably higher than those of the traditional zakatable sources. This paper attempts to study the conditions and foundations of zakatability of wealth classically and contemporarily which are made subject to zakat based on the Islamic legal theories and scholars’ perspectives. Then, it explores both classical and contemporary zakatable wealth. To fulfill the objectives, this study will use a qualitative approach with data collection methods documentation. It involves library research to get information from various sources like books, journals, papers work and others and then analyzing them by using inductive and deductive (istiqrai’i) approach. The study found that there are several conditions made by the classical and contemporary jurists on wealth before it is made to be subject to zakat.  They have also come out with various approaches like analogy (qiyas), growth (nama’), richness (ghina’) and historical success factor in identifying the basis (dawabit) of zakatable wealth. The findings of this research show that based on ijtihad and fiqhi resolutions of the jurists, zakat accommodates contemporary changes in the concept of wealth and gives opportunity in exploring the expansion of the other zakatable wealth resources in the form of modern assets. As such due to changes of time, these foundations of zakatability will continue to be implemented due to its suitability and significance with the demands of the needs of the Ummah
Emplacement in hostile spaces: hopeless notes – commentary to van Liempt
Authors: Lounasmaa Aura
Published: June 2023

In her keynote lecture from the Finnish Geography Days in 2022 Ilse van Liempt offers a hopeful and useful approach to understanding refugees’ processes of belonging and home-making. She focuses on arrival infrastructures, which encompass both the formal and the informal processes and structures that greet migrants as they arrive. Important part of these is emplacement, where the focus can turn into how migrants themselves become part of creating arrival infrastructures and making home in new environments, including the public spaces they inhabit. My commentary draws from my experiences of the United Kingdom (UK) hostile bordering practices, and I am reminded that hostility, policing migration and migrants and bordering practices are not only present, but often framing both the formal and informal infrastructures. Secondly, I reflect on the meaning of home here: the patriarchal and heteronormative home can follow a migrant on their route, as well as become part of the bordering practice for new arrivals. Hence for some, home itself becomes a prison, a site of violence or a place of non-belonging. Finally, the emergence of the techno-borderscape (Godin & Doná 2020) has moved large parts of arrival infrastructures, both the bordering and the support that these represent, and possibilities of home-making online, with many migrants simultaneously having reduced access to the digital spaces.
Pressure Profile and Stiffness Analysis of Supercritical CO2 Inside a Rotating Annulus Cooling Passage Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Uddin Md. , Gurgenci Halim , Guan Zhiqiang
Published: June 2023

The recent supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power turbine configuration development introduced a cooling zone parametric model to overcome the existing technical challenges. The parametric model is the annulus cooling passage with a supercritical CO2 coolant consisting of radial clearance, length, and shaft diameter are the geometrical parameters. This study aims to investigate the pressure profile and stiffness coefficient of the cooling passage using computational fluid dynamics and to explore the validity of the assumptions that exist in the simplified analysis. The effect of eccentricity ratio, shaft speed, and axial length are investigated. The result showed that, like the hydrodynamic bearing, the supercritical CO2 swirling in the annulus passage produces substantial mechanical support on the shaft. Hence, the cooling zone stiffness contribution should be included in the supercritical CO2 turbine shaft vibration analysis which is not presently taken into consideration.
Optic nerve sheath diameter measured by ultrasonography versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging for diagnosing increased intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Nan , Zhu Qiang
Published: June 2023

Aims: To compare the accuracy of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured by ocular ultrasonography (US) versus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of increased intracranial pressure (ICP).Material and methods: A systematic search of studies evaluating US ONSD or MRI ONSD for the diagnosis of increased ICP was performed. Data were extracted independently by two authors. We used the bivariate random-effects model to evaluate the diagnostic feasibility of measuring the ONSD in patients increased ICP. A summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) graph was adopted to calculate sensitivity and specificity. Subgroup analysis was used to explore potential difference in US ONSD and MRI ONSD.Results: A total of 31 studies were included, in which there were 1783 patients diagnosed with US ONSD and 730 patients diagnosed with MRI ONSD. Twenty studies reporting US ONSD were included for quantitative synthesis. The US ONSD had a high diagnostic accuracy, involving estimated sensitivity of 0.92 (95%CI 0.87-0.95), estimated specificity of 0.85 (95%CI 0.79-0.89), positive likelihood ratio (PLR) of 6.0 (95%CI 4.3-8.4), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) of 0.10 (95%CI 0.06-0.15) and Diagnostic Odds Ratio (DOR) of 62 (95%CI 33-117). The data of 11 studies adopting MRI ONSD was pooled. The MRI ONSD demonstrated estimated sensitivity of 0.70 (95%CI 0.60-0.78), estimated specificity of 0.85 (95%CI 0.80-0.90), PLR of 4.8 (95%CI 3.4-6.7), NLR of 0.35 (95%CI 0.27-0.47) and DOR of 13 (95%CI 8-22). The subgroup analysis showed that US ONSD demonstrated a higher sensitivity (0.92 versus 0.70; p<0.01) and almost equal specificity (0.85 vs. 0.85; p=0.67) compared with MRI ONSD.Conclusion: Measurement of ONSD can be a useful tool to predict raised ICP. The US ONSD demonstrated better accuracy than MRI ONSD for the diagnosis of increased ICP.
Novel excitation structure to improve the performance of a miniature radio frequency ion thruster
Authors: Jiang Wenjia , Wei Liqiu , Yang Xinyong , Yang Zhou
Published: June 2023

This letter reports a new magnetic field-enhanced radio frequency (RF) ion thruster, which uses a high-frequency shielding network to isolate the direct current and RF supplies. This provides an additional magnetic field for a novel magnetized RF ion thruster (HRIT-4M) without changing the original thruster structure. The results show an improvement in the performance of an RF ion thruster in a verified magnetic field. Compared to other excitation structures, this excitation structure is simpler and more efficient. However, it is influenced by factors such as the size of the discharge chamber and pressure, which should be further investigated.
The Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid Response Does Not Differ Following the Ingestion of a Solid Versus a Liquid Milk Protein Product in Healthy Adult Females
Authors: van Lieshout Glenn A.A. , Trommelen Jorn , Nyakayiru Jean , van Kranenburg Janneau , Senden Joan M. , Verdijk Lex B. , van Loon Luc J.C.
Published: June 2023

Dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption rates are modulated by numerous factors such as the food matrix. It has been speculated that protein ingested in liquid form is more rapidly digested and absorbed when compared with ingestion in solid form. Here, we assessed the postprandial plasma amino acid availability following ingestion of a single bolus of protein provided in either liquid or solid form. Twelve healthy, young females were included in this randomized cross-over study. On two separate test days, participants ingested 20-g milk protein concentrate in solid form (protein bar) or in liquid form (protein drink). Products were composed of matched ingredients and, thereby, had the same macro- and micronutrient composition. On both test days, arterialized blood samples were collected at regular time intervals for up to 4 hr following protein ingestion to assess the postprandial rise in plasma amino acid concentrations. Protein ingestion robustly elevated circulating plasma amino acid concentrations (p < .001), with no significant differences between treatments (p = .088). The incremental area under the curve of the postprandial rise in total plasma amino acid concentrations did not differ following bar versus drink consumption (160 ± 73 vs. 160 ± 71 mmol·L−1·240 min−1, respectively; 95% confidence interval [−37, 37]; Cohen’s dz = 0.003; p = .992). Ingestion of protein in liquid or solid form does not modulate postprandial amino acid availability in healthy, female adults. Any differences in protein digestion and amino acid absorption due to differences in food matrix are not attributed to the protein being consumed as a bar or as a drink.
Deformable hard tissue with high fatigue resistance in the hinge of bivalve
Cristaria plicata
Authors: Meng Xiang-Sen , Zhou Li-Chuan , Liu Lei , Zhu Yin-Bo , Meng Yu-Feng , Zheng Dong-Chang , Yang Bo , Rao Qi-Zhi , Mao Li-Bo , Wu Heng-An , Yu Shu-Hong
Published: June 2023

The hinge of bivalve shells can sustain hundreds of thousands of repeating opening-and-closing valve motions throughout their lifetime. We studied the hierarchical design of the mineralized tissue in the hinge of the bivalve
Cristaria plicata
, which endows the tissue with deformability and fatigue resistance and consequently underlies the repeating motion capability. This folding fan–shaped tissue consists of radially aligned, brittle aragonite nanowires embedded in a resilient matrix and can translate external radial loads to circumferential deformation. The hard-soft complex microstructure can suppress stress concentration within the tissue. Coherent nanotwin boundaries along the longitudinal direction of the nanowires increase their resistance to bending fracture. The unusual biomineral, which exploits the inherent properties of each component through multiscale structural design, provides insights into the evolution of antifatigue structural materials.
Brassinosteroid coordinates cell layer interactions in plants via cell wall and tissue mechanics
Authors: Kelly-Bellow Robert , Lee Karen , Kennaway Richard , Barclay J. Elaine , Whibley Annabel , Bushell Claire , Spooner Jamie , Yu Man , Brett Paul , Kular Baldeep , Cheng Shujing , Chu Jinfang , Xu Ting , Lane Brendan , Fitzsimons James , Xue Yongbiao , Smith Richard S. , Whitewoods Christopher D. , Coen Enrico
Published: June 2023

Growth coordination between cell layers is essential for development of most multicellular organisms. Coordination may be mediated by molecular signaling and/or mechanical connectivity between cells, but how genes modify mechanical interactions between layers is unknown. Here we show that genes driving brassinosteroid synthesis promote growth of internal tissue, at least in part, by reducing mechanical epidermal constraint. We identified a brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf mutant in the aquatic plant
Utricularia gibba
with twisted internal tissue, likely caused by mechanical constraint from a slow-growing epidermis. We tested this hypothesis by showing that a brassinosteroid mutant in
Arabidopsis
enhances epidermal crack formation, indicative of increased tissue stress. We propose that by remodeling cell walls, brassinosteroids reduce epidermal constraint, showing how genes can control growth coordination between layers by means of mechanics.
Wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging of neuron spiking and subthreshold activity in vivo
Authors: Bowman Adam J. , Huang Cheng , Schnitzer Mark J. , Kasevich Mark A.
Published: June 2023

The development of voltage-sensitive fluorescent probes suggests fluorescence lifetime as a promising readout for electrical activity in biological systems. Existing approaches fail to achieve the speed and sensitivity required for voltage imaging in neuroscience applications. We demonstrated that wide-field electro-optic fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (EO-FLIM) allows lifetime imaging at kilohertz frame-acquisition rates, spatially resolving action potential propagation and subthreshold neural activity in live adult
Drosophila
. Lifetime resolutions of <5 picoseconds at 1 kilohertz were achieved for single-cell voltage recordings. Lifetime readout is limited by photon shot noise, and the method provides strong rejection of motion artifacts and technical noise sources. Recordings revealed local transmembrane depolarizations, two types of spikes with distinct fluorescence lifetimes, and phase locking of spikes to an external mechanical stimulus.
Facile mechanochemical cycloreversion of polymer cross-linkers enhances tear resistance
Authors: Wang Shu , Hu Yixin , Kouznetsova Tatiana B. , Sapir Liel , Chen Danyang , Herzog-Arbeitman Abraham , Johnson Jeremiah A. , Rubinstein Michael , Craig Stephen L.
Published: June 2023

The mechanical properties of covalent polymer networks often arise from the permanent end-linking or cross-linking of polymer strands, and molecular linkers that break more easily would likely produce materials that require less energy to tear. We report that cyclobutane-based mechanophore cross-linkers that break through force-triggered cycloreversion lead to networks that are up to nine times as tough as conventional analogs. The response is attributed to a combination of long, strong primary polymer strands and cross-linker scission forces that are approximately fivefold smaller than control cross-linkers at the same timescales. The enhanced toughness comes without the hysteresis associated with noncovalent cross-linking, and it is observed in two different acrylate elastomers, in fatigue as well as constant displacement rate tension, and in a gel as well as elastomers.
Ethical research when abortion access is legally restricted
Authors: Sugarman Jeremy , Wenner Danielle M. , Rid Annette , Henry Leslie Meltzer , Luna Florencia , Klitzman Robert , MacQueen Kathleen M. , Rennie Stuart , Singh Jerome Amir , Gostin Lawrence O.
Published: June 2023

Risks and benefits of some clinical research may be altered
Performing science
Love + Science
David J. Glass
In Vitro Productions, New York City Center, New York, NY, USA, 26 May to 6 July 2023.
Authors: Thorp H. Holden
Published: June 2023

A biologist captures the humanity of scientific research in a play about the AIDS crisis
Undersea mountains help slicken tectonic plates
Authors: Voosen Paul
Published: June 2023

Swallowed up seamounts play pivotal role in “slow slip” earthquakes at subduction zones
The Best of Both Worlds—Streptomyces coelicolor and Streptomyces venezuelae as Model Species for Studying Antibiotic Production and Bacterial Multicellular Development
Authors: Schlimpert Susan , Elliot Marie A.
Published: June 2023

Streptomyces
bacteria have been studied for more than 80 years thanks to their ability to produce an incredible array of antibiotics and other specialized metabolites and their unusual fungal-like development. Their antibiotic production capabilities have ensured continual interest from both academic and industrial sectors, while their developmental life cycle has provided investigators with unique opportunities to address fundamental questions relating to bacterial multicellular growth.