bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications, potential, and challenges of biochar in carbon sequestration
Authors: Wang Yixuan
Published: February 2025

Biochar has great potential for carbon sequestration and has become a hot area of scientific research in recent years. Biochar can not only effectively fix atmospheric carbon dioxide in the soil, but also has multiple ecological benefits, such as improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the technology still faces some challenges in practical industrial applications. In this paper, the characteristics of biochar are first described in detail, including types and properties, preparation methods, and carbon sequestration mechanisms. Subsequently, the challenges faced by biochar in the carbon sequestration process are discussed. Finally, the article proposes future directions and optimization measures for biochar, suggesting that by optimizing the raw material selection, improving the production process, assessing the long-term environmental impact, and reducing the cost. Through these measures, biochar technology is expected to further realize its carbon sequestration potential and play a more important role in the global response to climate change.
A Comparative Analysis Between CNNs and ViTs for MRI-based Brain Tumor Classification
Authors: Zhang Yuteng
Published: February 2025

Brain tumor classification from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images is an important task in medical imaging for the determination of appropriate treatment strategies and improvement in patient outcomes. Brain tumors, including gliomas, meningiomas, and glioblastomas, are of the most lethal forms of cancer. This research explored the potential of replacing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by Vision Transformers (ViTs) on classifying brain tumors by MRI images. The paper focused on pretrained model Vit-B16, comparing it with traditional CNNs, including VGG16, ResNet-50, and EfficientNet-B0. ViT-B16, pretrained on ImageNet-21k, achieves improved accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score after being fine-tuned on the brain tumor dataset when applying data augmentation. The self-attention mechanism helps ViTs capture long-range dependencies and global context from the images, significantly improving the performance. As shown in the results, ViTs can efficiently handle complex dataset and become a useful tool for the area of medical imaging classification. This paper emphasizes the potential of Vision transformers in improving classification accuracy in the diagnosis of brain tumors. Future work can be focused on exploring better ViT architectures and data augmentation techniques.
Advancing Beyond Silicon: Future Directions in Semiconductor Technology
Authors: Hu Hongjun
Published: February 2025

This essay delves into the semiconductor industry, emphasizing the developmental trajectory and challenges of silicon-based technologies. The introduction provides a foundational overview of semiconductors, with a specific focus on silicon and its limitations in high power and temperature scenarios. Methodologically, the analysis is rooted in a comprehensive literature review and data examination, ensuring a robust discourse. The core of the essay explores alternative materials and technologies that could potentially revolutionize the industry. New materials such as SiC and GaN are analyzed for their superior properties compared to silicon, including higher band gaps and thermal conductivities, which make them better suited for high power and temperature environments. Furthermore, the discussion extends to innovative 3D structure chips and the utilization of 2D materials like MoS2, highlighting their potential to enhance chip performance and reduce feature size. The conclusion synthesizes these insights, noting the current shortcomings of the alternatives and the ongoing need for research to fully realize their potential in practical applications.
Preface: 3rd International Conference on Environment Engineering, Nanomaterials and Chemical Technology (EENCT 2024)
Authors: Horace Sebastiane , Yuan Qiang
Published: February 2025

2024 3rd International Conference on Environment Engineering, Nanomaterials and Chemical Technology (EENCT 2024) was successfully held during December 28-29, 2024 in Miami, USA. The conference invited scholars and experts in the fields of environmental engineering, ecosystems, biotechnology, nanomaterials, and chemical technology from various universities to participate in the review and guidance of this conference. EENCT 2024 aims to provide an international cooperation and exchange platform for experts and scholars to share their research achievements, discuss the key challenges and research directions, and jointly promote the industrialization cooperation and continuous innovation. This collection of proceedings compiles oral and paper presentations submitted by the authors and scrutinized by the special committee.
The opening ceremony was held in the main venue and a speech was delivered by the invited speaker. After the main venue, we divided the invited authors into 2 groups. Each author spoke for about 10-15 minutes on detailed material in the slides, with the same amount of time set aside for questions and discussion. This conference has brought together many excellent works and the latest ideas and concepts. We wish to thank all authors and participants for providing their valuable contributions for this proceeding as well as the reviewers for their constructive recommendations and criticism aiding to improve the presented articles.
With our best regards,
Conference Organizing Chair
Miami, USA
Tracce di feste e celebrazioni nel lucus Pisaurensis
Authors:   Università degli Studi di Macerata, Marengo Silvia M.
Published: February 2025

Il lucus Pisaurensis, sorto ex novo in un territorio dell’Italia medio adriatica colonizzato a seguito della lex Flaminia de agro Gallico et Piceno, è un santuario della salute dove si celebravano culti di protezione della vita, della famiglia, della natalità. In questo articolo si indaga la possibilità che il lucus, oltre che luogo di privata devozione, fosse la sede di celebrazioni a partecipazione più ampia legate al ciclo festivo del calendario.
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia da UFMS e sua contribuição para a democratização do conhecimento geográfico na região geográfica imediata de Aquidauana – Anastácio
Authors: Batista Ricardo Lopes , Ayach Lucy Ribeiro , Santos Eva Teixeira dos
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho apresenta, a partir de uma análise documental, a história, os resultados e as contribuições do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia da UFMS (PPGEO/CPAQ), localizado na região imediata de Aquidauana – Anastácio/MS, cujas atividades iniciaram-se em 2014. Com localização geográfica estratégica, imbricada no ecótono Cerrado-Pantanal, o que proporciona desafios e possibilidade para pesquisas geográficas. Nesse contexto, a criação do PPGEO/CPAQ, com área de concentração em Análise Socioambiental dos Domínios Cerrado e Pantanal, abrigando duas linhas de pesquisa, é importante para o Estado, uma vez que ampliou as perspectivas acadêmicas locais e regionais. A coleta dos dados concentrou-se em dois sistemas específicos, sendo o Sistema de Gestão da Pós-graduação, a Plataforma Sucupira e um formulário Google Forms. Dentre os egressos do curso, 43,2% estão empregados na educação básica, justificando, assim, a importância da linha de pesquisa “Espaço, Ensino e Representação”, que é um diferencial entre os cursos ofertados no Estado.  Reconhece-se a importância de um programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu no interior do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, mostrando que a descentralização das pós-graduações em Geografia no Brasil foi fundamental para diminuir as assimetrias regionais.
Um olhar sobre o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (PPGGEO) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
Authors: Breunig Fabio Marcelo , Wollman Cássio Arthur , Trentin Romario , Pereira Filho Waterloo , Cardoso Eduardo Schiavone , Figueiró Adriano Severo , Meurer Ane Carine , Sccoti Anderson Augusto Volpato , Costa Benhur Pinos da , Borba André Weissheimer de , Rejane Flores Carmen , Nummer Andrea Valli , De David Cesar , Petsch Carina , Chelotti Marcelo Cervo , Foleto Eliane Maria , Batista Natália Lampert , Faria Rivaldo Mauro de , Robain Luís Eduardo de Souza , Werlang Mauro Kumpfer
Published: February 2025

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (PPGGEO), da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), foi implantado em 2003. Em 2023 completa 20 anos, objetivando a formação de egressos qualificados para atuação em ensino, pesquisa e extensão nos setores públicos, privados e em Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs). Assim, o objetivo deste manuscrito é apresentar os pontos-chave na evolução do PPGGEO/UFSM, bem como os desafios e oportunidades. O Programa pode ser dividido em duas fases: a primeira com a implantação do mestrado e a segunda com a do doutorado. Em geral, a partir da segunda fase, o Programa apresentou um aumento das produções de alto impacto e de repercussão. A produção docente tem aumentado ano a ano, mais de 75% nos extratos A1-A3. Porém, a quantidade de ingressantes vem diminuindo nos últimos anos por diversos fatores. Assim, a internacionalização, a inovação e o aumento do número de ingressantes são desafios, bem como oportunidades.
Geomorfologia da Mesorregião Norte de Minas Gerais – Brasil
Authors: Costa Luis Ricardo Fernandes da , Sena Souza João Paulo , Baggio Filho Hernando , Cavalcanti José Adilson Dias , Leite Manoel Reinaldo
Published: February 2025

A mesorregião Norte de Minas Gerais, situada entre o cráton do São Francisco e o Orógeno Araçuaí, é palco de diversos processos morfogenéticos que deram origem às mais diversas formas de relevo. Através de técnicas de mapeamento geomorfológico e de controle de campo o artigo teve por objetivo elaborar uma classificação geomorfológica para essa porção do território mineiro. É possível constatar que o Cráton do São Francisco e o Orógeno Araçuaí contribuíram para a manutenção dos relevos em dois domínios distintos. O primeiro, com relevos tabulares e litologias predominantemente carbonáticas do Grupo Bambuí e da Bacia Sanfranciscana, e o segundo com relevos controlados por estruturas dobradas em litologias siliciclásticas do Grupo Macaúbas e do Supergrupo Espinhaço. Durante o Cenozoico, os cursos d´água escavaram os grandes vales na região, além de controlar a sedimentação aluvial por processos agradacionais.
Educação à distância e formação docente em geografia: um olhar a partir da geografia da educação
Authors: Girotto Eduardo Donizeti
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo, analisamos os microdados do Censo da Educação Superior de 2022, com o intuito identificar o total de cursos em formação docente em geografia na modalidade EAD no Brasil, sua distribuição espacial e o perfil dos ingressantes e matriculados, buscando problematizar o que este conjunto de dados pode indicar sobre o futuro da formação docente em geografia no país. Os dados indicam uma crescente expansão da oferta de cursos EAD, com o predomínio da iniciativa privada no gerenciamento desta oferta. Do ponto de vista do perfil, não é possível indicar que os cursos de formação docente em geografia na modalidade EAD atingem estudantes mais vulneráveis. Ao contrário, os dados preliminares indicam que tais estudantes estão em maior número nos cursos cuja oferta é presencial e pública. No que se refere a espacialização dos cursos de formação docente em geografia, verificamos um padrão de concentração espacial nos cursos privados, tanto na modalidade EAD quanto presencial, indicando que a lógica de distribuição espacial destes cursos está assentada na perspectiva mercantil. A maior equidade espacial foi encontrada na distribuição dos cursos presenciais públicos, o que pode ser compreendido como resultado do processo de interiorização do ensino superior no Brasil.
AI-Driven Cryptographic and Steganographic Integration for Enhanced Text Security Using OpenAI API
Authors:   Department of Geology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Omar Omar ,   Department of Engineering, University of Information Technology and Communications, Baghdad, Iraq,   Department of Geology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq,   Department of Planning, Directorate of Private University Education, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, Iraq, Tuama Saba A. , Mohammed Imad J. , Subhi Mohammed Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can become a great asset to produce cryptographic keys in order to improve the security of the encryption methods. While using machine learning algorithms AI can generate most complex and unpredictable keys to prevent brute-force and cryptanalyst attacks. Key generation using AI also allows the design of cryptographic solutions that adapt to the context in which the key is used. It also enhances the conventional security measures while simultaneously providing great opportunities for creating flexible security solutions. This paper proposed a new text security method based on the integration of the cryptography and steganography, where the suggested method is done based on OpenAI API. The proposed method is consisted of three steps, and these steps are key generation, text encryption, and data embedding. The first step, is utilized by using GPT-2 model to generate set of keys for both cryptography and steganography steps. The second step, is starting by converting the plaintext to ASCII format, then performed modulo arithmetic operation between ASCII values and the keys that generated from the previous step, then convert the achieved equation results to Hexadecimal format, and finally convert these values to binary and these values represent the final ciphertext. The last step of the proposed method is done by hiding the binary values within image, this done by select positions randomly, then used GPT-2 model to generate another set of keys to shift the values of random positions, then applied least significant bit (LSB) algorithm to hide the bits within the final position with different color channels. The proposed approach provides a basis for the development of new-generation secure communication systems in the context of AI.
Metal–Organic Framework for High-Temperature CO2 Capture
Authors: Zhang Sen
Published: February 2025

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture is a critical technology for mitigating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from industrial processes and power plants.[1,2] Among various approaches, post-combustion CO₂ capture using aqueous amines is the most established technique, providing reversible binding of CO₂ and yielding a purified CO₂ stream for subsequent sequestration.[3] However, amine-based CO₂ capture incurs relatively high energy demands for solvent regeneration and raises concerns related to corrosivity, volatility, and toxicity.[4] Additionally, the relatively low operating temperature (≤60°C) necessitates extra cooling of industrial exhaust streams (typically >200°C), increasing overall costs. High-temperature CO₂ adsorption offers a potential cost-effective alternative. Alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides have been explored for this purpose because they react with CO₂ at medium to high temperatures (>200°C) to form metal carbonates.[5] Unfortunately, their performance tends to decline over repeated cycles due to volume changes, leading to particle sintering and deactivation.
Applying Lewis Acid-Base Chemistry towards a 4.8 V PEO-Based Solid-State Lithium Metal battery
Authors: Wang Da-Wei
Published: February 2025

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) are gaining considerable attention as the next-generation energy storage technology due to their potential for high energy density, enhanced safety, and long cycle life compared to conventional liquid electrolyte-based batteries1, 2. Among the various types of SSBs, solid polymer-based electrolytes (SPEs) stand out due to their flexibility and processability, which facilitate better electrode-electrolyte contact and enable safer, compact designs3. Notably, polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrolytes have emerged as promising candidates due to their ease of fabrication, low cost, and environmental friendliness4.
However, the poor high-voltage compatibility of PEO-based SPEs leads to the compromise of the energy density of SSBs5. The primary challenge lies in their intrinsically poor oxidative stability, especially at voltages exceeding 4.2 V6, 7. Additionally, the strong interactions between the ether oxygen (EO) chains in PEO and the high-voltage cathode active materials (e.g. LiNixMnyCo(1-x-y)O2) lead to electrochemical side reactions at the cathode/electrolyte interface, which hampers the capacity of the battery and shortens its cycle life8-11. Overcoming these challenges is crucial to unlocking the potential of PEO-based electrolytes in high-voltage batteries, and consequently, high-energy applications.
Point Defect Engineering Advances Thermoelectric SnS Crystals
Authors: He Wenke , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: February 2025

The pursuit of low-cost, high-performance thermoelectric materials is a fundamental challenge in thermoelectric research and its applications, as it can realize the direct thermal to electrical energy conversion. In the past decade, with the emergence of the hot-spot SnSe thermoelectric material, the homologous SnS has gradually gained wide attention as its lower cost and higher abundance of S. However, the highly electronegative (ionic) nature of S and the large bandgap (~ 1.2eV) in SnS cause inherently poor electrical transport. Additionally, grain boundary in the polycrystals brings about complex defects and which further deteriorates the performance. The behavior of defects in polycrystalline SnS is difficult to clarify and modulate, but higher carrier mobility and the only point defects are considered in the crystals where factors with less influence make the identification and optimization of the transport mechanism easier. Based on it, this article proposes the improvement strategy of thermoelectric performance in SnS crystals enabled by the point defect engineering.
Roadmap of SnSe from High-performance Thermoelectric Materials to Efficient Module
Authors: Zhou Chongjian
Published: February 2025

The past decade has seen an explosive interest in the thermoelectric performance of SnSe, as the pristine SnSe crystal exhibits an exceptionally high ZT value. The works from worldwide research groups continuously elevate the performance of SnSe crystal and polycrystalline at every aspect. This perspective attempts to visualize the roadmap for the development routine and breakthroughs of SnSe thermoelectrics. The roadmap starts from the beginning of the pristine SnSe crystal. We then map all the representative thermoelectric performance and milestone findings of SnSe-based compounds in the past decade, ending with the possible future of SnSe from materials, devices, and applications.
Thomson effect facilitates thermoelectric cooling
Authors: Qin Bingchao , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: February 2025

Thermoelectric technology is attracting increasing attention due to its application advantages in fields of waste heat recycling and solid-state cooling. Traditional thermoelectric cooling mainly depends on the Peltier effect, but its cooling capacity at cryogenic temperatures has been limited. Recent research conducted by Chen et al. has emphasized the potential of leveraging Thomson effect in thermoelectric cooling to attain substantial temperature drops. While conventional materials exhibit limited Thomson cooling due to insufficient change in carrier entropy, they found the electron phase transition in YbInCu4 directly regulates the entropy of carriers, resulting in a significant enhancement of the temperature-normalized Thomson coefficient. This resulted in a stable temperature difference of over 5 K at about 38 K and a ΔTmax/Thot value of about 15%, comparable to a conventional Peltier cooler at near-room temperatures. Here, we highlight that the approach goes beyond traditional focus solely on increasing ZT, and the results reveal the potential of solid-state thermoelectric cooling in cryogenic applications. Moreover, it opens up possibility of developing more efficient Thomson coolers by investigating other materials with strong electron interactions.
High-performance flexible thermoelectrics via nanobinder-assisted screen printing
Authors: Zhao Li-Dong
Published: February 2025

Flexible thermoelectric devices (F-TEDs) have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in wearable electronics, by leveraging the human-environment temperature gradient for power generation and utilizing tiny electrical signal for cooling. Traditional thermoelectric film fabrication processes are hindered by limited scalability and insufficient mechanical stability, primarily due to energy-intensive and complex procedures. In this highlight, we review an innovative nanobinder-assisted screen printing method developed by Chen et al., which integrates solvothermal synthesis and scalable fabrication to produce high-performance flexible thermoelectric films. This strategy employs Te nanorods as "nanobinders" to enhance flexibility and mechanical durability of Bi2Te3 nanoplates. The films produced exhibit an impressive figure of merit (ZT) of about 1.3 at 303 K and retain excellent mechanical stability through 1,000 bending cycles. Moreover, the assembled F-TEDs demonstrate 1.2 mW cm-2 power density with a cooling temperature variation of 11.7 K, underscoring their applicability in advanced wearable power systems and integrated circuit cooling. This scalable, cost-effective approach establishes a robust platform for flexible thermoelectrics and presents a pathway for exploring new material combinations.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Applications on Corporate Labor Productivity
Authors: Feng Jiaqi , Yuan Chunhui
Published: February 2025

In the context of the rapid global development of artificial intelligence (AI), China is also actively advancing the research and application of related technologies. This paper focuses on Chinese A-share listed companies from 2016 to 2023 and explores the impact of corporate AI applications on labor productivity. A model is constructed in which labor productivity is measured by the natural logarithm of revenue per employee. The application indicator is built using the number of AI-related keywords in annual reports, with control variables set accordingly. Empirical results show that AI applications significantly improve labor productivity, with companies that exhibit good growth, strong cash flow, and large scale performing better in terms of productivity. Robustness checks confirm the validity of these conclusions. The study demonstrates that AI holds immense potential in corporate applications, and companies can build industrial ecosystems to promote its widespread use, enhancing labor productivity and contributing to high-quality economic development.
An Empirical Study on the Modeling Analysis of Financial Institutions' Tortious Conduct from the Perspective of Legal Dogmatics
Authors: Fang Yiqiao , Zhu Junwen
Published: February 2025

The application of criminal law methods to model and regulate relevant behaviors in civil cases has been one of the hot topics in the research of criminal law scholars in China in recent years. However, due to the solidification of research models and the limited theoretical breakthroughs, current scholars still study the characteristics of financial crimes based on the temporal and spatial characteristics of crimes in criminology, while ignoring the common sense that law constrains behavior. Based on this, this paper proposes an abstract model named the Morohusi C. Y. HU Model, and takes the recent illegal real estate securitization case of Shenfangli as an example to identify and evaluate the suspected financial criminal behavior of the Shenfangli platform. Through detailed analysis, the financial behavior analysis module in the model concludes that its capital flow has a bottom-up pyramid-shaped characteristic, and calculates its profit amount in detail; while the financial behavior evaluation module in the model suggests possible convictions, namely, the combined punishment of the crimes of illegally absorbing public deposits and organizing and leading pyramid selling activities. Therefore, criminal law modeling research based on behavior analysis has certain universality, and can establish different specific application models according to specific cases.
Research on social media users disinformation verification intention from the perspective of digital generations
Authors: Zhao Yi , Zhang Shengtai
Published: February 2025

Exploring the influence mechanism of social media users disinformation verification intention is of great significance to social media rumor governance, social risk control, improvement of health information content ecology and improvement of the correction mechanism of disinformation. Due to the differentiation of user information behavior among different groups of social media users, it is necessary to take group characteristics into account. This study takes the integrated model of planned behavior theory and norm activation model as the theoretical framework model, and discusses the moderating effect of digital generations. Based on 492 sample data, structural equation model is used to verify and analyze the influencing factors of disinformation verification intention from the perspectives of egoism and altruism. The results showed that attitude toward the behavior, perceived behavioral control and personal norm positively affected the social media users disinformation verification intention, and subjective norm had no significant impact on the verification intention; awareness of consequences affected the verification intention through the chain mediation effect; digital generations only moderated the influence of perceived behavioral control and verification intention. The research results provide reference for future research and practice of disinformation governance.
A Kelly Quantitative Trading Investment Strategy Improved by Overfitting Rate
Authors: Zhang Zhouming , Chen Xiaofei , Li Xiaolong
Published: February 2025

With the improvement and maturity of China's capital markets, data-driven quantitative trading, known for its objectivity, high frequency, and automation, has gradually developed into an important trading method in the financial market. This paper addresses the overfitting phenomenon in quantitative trading, quantifying the overfitting rate using the concept of information coefficient. By applying the overfitting rate to optimize the Kelly formula extended to continuous time, the paper derives the overfitting rate-improved Kelly score. Finally, a specific order placement application example is provided based on the theory of linear regression, and a comparative analysis with the fractional Kelly criterion is conducted.
Concepções sobre as aprendizagens nas dissertações do Profhistória
Authors: Soares Olavo Pereira
Published: February 2025

O texto analisa as concepções sobre as aprendizagens nas pesquisas que têm por objeto os processos de ensino-aprendizagem da história em contextos escolares. Os dados analisados foram extraídos de dissertações do Profhistória – Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de História, que foram defendidas entre os anos de 2016 e 2020. Foram analisados os seguintes dados quantitativos: dissertações que fazem referência ao conceito de aprendizagem, composição e formação acadêmica do corpo docente e dinâmica curricular do programa. Selecionamos oito dissertações que fazem referência ao conceito de aprendizagem para a análise qualitativa dos dados. Em função de sua abrangência, a análise do Profhistória possibilita o mapeamento da produção acadêmica sobre ensino de história, bem como dos referenciais teóricos utilizados neste campo de pesquisa. Utilizamos princípios teórico-metodológicos da perspectiva histórico-cultural para a análise dos dados e apresentação de proposições para a continuidade das pesquisas. Procuramos evidenciar que as pesquisas sobre as aprendizagens apresentam maiores potencialidades quando não se desvinculam das análises dos processos de ensino, notadamente quando a pesquisa está relacionada aos contextos escolares.
Entre festejos, tradições e disputas de memória
Authors: Rodrigues João Paulo
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como tema as comemorações dos 500 anos da Reforma Protestante no Brasil, em 2017, acontecimento que, a despeito de sua importância, foi pouco pesquisado até aqui. Nesse sentido, valendo-se de fontes abrigadas em sites oficiais, confessionais e de imprensa, pretende-se caracterizar a comemoração em algumas de suas linhas fundamentais, discutindo, ainda, os significados conferidos a ela por seus organizadores principais. Da análise empreendida resulta que, para além da formalidade protocolar, a comemoração assumiria sentidos conjunturais mais amplos, os quais se articulariam às correlações de forças e disputas religiosas e políticas que se agitavam no país naquela ocasião.
Analysis of Rice Market Potential in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Authors: EM Sros , Serey Mardy , TRY Chanthuch
Published: February 2025

Phnom Penh is Cambodia's capital and biggest city, making it an important market for rice, the country's main food. To understand the market possibilities for rice in Phnom Penh, you need to look at what customers want, how the market works, who the competitors are, and where there are chances to grow and innovate. This study paper looks at the potential of the rice market in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. This study will propose ways to enhance rice output policies in Cambodia. The research shows that the rice market in Phnom Penh has a lot of room to grow in the future. The high demand, steady supply, opportunities for exporting, new ideas, and government support make this business important for the city's economic growth. To reach its full potential, the sector must continue to adapt to new challenges and use innovative and sustainable approaches. The future of the rice market in Phnom Penh looks promising and will bring significant economic benefits to the city. Cambodia has a strong foundation for rice farming because of its fertile land, experienced farmers, and growing research and development activities. The country is good at selling products to other countries, especially close ones. It's important to enhance product quality, meet international standards, and make the supply line more efficient. The industry is facing big challenges like climate change, changing prices, competition from other countries growing rice, and the need for improved facilities and market access. To enhance Cambodia's rice markets as well as improving productivity, make it easier to access markets, and increase support from policies. This will help provide enough food, improve life in rural areas, and grow the economy.
Scanning Differences between Small-Sided and Full-Sized Games in Elite Youth Footballers
Authors: S.M Smith , K Conway
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to compare the scanning activity of elite youth footballers across 7v7, 9v9 and 11v11 game formats. The participants were outfield under 12 footballers (N = 60) born between 1st September 2011 and 31st August 2012 from a Premier League category 1 football academy in the UK. Observational analysis on scan frequency as well as critical scan frequency, the scan situation, the play type and technical action outcomes from the scan were all undertaken. As game formats decreased in player number and pitch size, scanning activity increased. Positional, situational and technical action scanning differences were found between game formats. The most meaningful differences in scan activity across game formats were highlighted during defensive actions and between positions. This study is the first known to explore scanning differences between small-sided and full-sized games, with results suggesting small-sided games may not replicate the scanning situations found in full-sized games. Until further research is conducted, coaches should be aware that small-sided games may influence skill transfer.
Language Barrier in Disease Terminologies Used by Cattle Rearers and Veterinary Extension Workers in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Adamu Husaini , Iliyasu Usman Bobbo
Published: February 2025

Language is fundamental to a person’s behavior. It allows the person to express opinions, share feelings, tell stories, and communicate complex messages and knowledge. Language is our greatest facilitator that allows us to share and understand each. It can be seen as a system of abstract codes that allows individual to communicate, and also provides them with significant structure of suggestions and a relational background that maintains identities. This study is concerned with how terms are used by two communities related with Animal husbandry. On one hand, there are the cattle rearers, and on the other hand the veterinary extension workers who visit the rearing community for the purposes of vaccination and providing advice, etc. The Ethnographic research design, therefore, is selected for the study; this research design is a qualitative research procedure for describing culturally shared groups in terms of beliefs, patterns of their behavior and language. This design is adopted because ethnographers normally study cultural ideas drawn from cultural anthropology. They do not just go into the field looking for anything that comes their way; rather they are going there to venture on how they can add knowledge about culture. This study, therefore, looks for shared behaviors, beliefs, and language in the culture-sharing group of the Fulani cattle rearers and the veterinary extension workers. Since the data reflects the community, most of the data were collected from the participants selected in order to help the researchers understand the cultural group better. Much time has been spent with the participants, because questionnaire will not give much information needed due to Language obstacle. Focus Group discussion therefore was used for this study. This is a form of group interview in which a small group, the participants in a structured discussion of a topic of interest. The findings of the study were discussed and some suggestions were made
SỬ DỤNG ĐỒ DÙNG TRỰC QUAN TRONG DẠY HỌC MÔN TOÁN LỚP 4: MỘT NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC NGHIỆM
Authors: Đan Nguyễn Ngọc , Luân Nguyễn Ngọc
Published: February 2025

Trong bối cảnh đổi mới giáo dục theo định hướng phát triển năng lực, việc sử dụng đồ dùng trực quan (ĐDTQ) đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc dạy và học toán ở tiểu học. ĐDTQ đã được giáo viên sử dụng trong thực hành dạy học, tuy nhiên, số lượng và chất lượng nghiên cứu lại khá hạn chế, đặc biệt là nghiên cứu trong bối cảnh chương trình 2018. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá tác động của việc sử dụng ĐDTQ khi dạy một số nội dung kiến thức mang tính trừu tượng trong môn Toán lớp 4. Với thiết kế bán thực nghiệm theo quy trình đánh giá trước - sau can thiệp, dữ liệu định lượng của 63 HS lớp 4 ở một trường tiểu học trên địa bàn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh đã được thu thập và phân tích theo hai biến phụ thuộc: (1) điểm số thể hiện kết quả học tập chủ đề và (2) thái độ đối với môn Toán. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nhóm thực nghiệm có sự gia tăng đáng kể về điểm trung bình bài kiểm tra, đồng thời cải thiện tích cực về thái độ học tập, đặc biệt là nhận thức được khả năng toán học của mình và ý nghĩa thực tiễn của môn Toán. Nghiên cứu cung cấp thêm bằng chứng thực nghiệm cho hiệu quả của việc sử dụng ĐDTQ trong dạy học theo định hướng phát triển năng lực, củng cố niềm tin và ý tưởng phong phú cho giáo viên tiểu học trong việc sử dụng ĐDTQ để dạy toán một cách hiệu quả.
Quản trị tài sản trí tuệ tại các cơ sở giáo dục đại học: Cơ hội và thách thức trong bối cảnh cuộc cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0
Authors: Trang Nguyễn Minh Huyền
Published: February 2025

Ngày nay, các trường đại học đóng vai trò như một trụ cột trong hệ thống đổi mới sáng tạo của các quốc gia, thông qua các sứ mệnh như cung cấp nguồn nhân lực, thúc đẩy tiến bộ khoa học - kỹ thuật, chuyển giao kiến thức, công nghệ mới, cung cấp kỹ năng khởi nghiệp và đổi mới sáng tạo... Trong đó, nghiên cứu khoa học sáng tạo ra các tài sản trí tuệ, chuyển giao tri thức khoa học, công nghệ từ nhà trường đến các tổ chức sản xuất, kinh doanh và xã hội vừa là động cơ vừa là động lực cho phát triển. Cuộc cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ tư với quy mô và tác động mạnh mẽ đối với các hoạt động nghiên cứu sẽ góp phần thay đổi nhanh chóng và hiệu quả đối với các trường đại học. Quản trị tài sản trí tuệ tại các trường được dự đoán sẽ không nằm ngoài xu hướng vận động, phát triển và thay đổi mạnh mẽ đó.
NGHIÊN CỨU TỔNG QUAN KHUNG CẤU TRÚC NĂNG LỰC TƯ DUY THIẾT KẾ CỦA HỌC SINH TRONG GIÁO DỤC STE(A)M
Authors: Trung Tạ Thanh
Published: February 2025

Đánh giá năng lực hiện đang trở thành xu hướng chủ đạo trong nền giáo dục toàn cầu, làm nổi bật sự cần thiết của việc xây dựng và chuẩn hóa các công cụ đánh giá năng lực. Nghiên cứu này tổng hợp và phân tích các kết quả nghiên cứu trong và ngoài nước về biểu hiện năng lực của học sinh trung học khi tham gia các hoạt động học tập thiết kế giải pháp trong giáo dục STE(A)M. Trên cơ sở đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất khung năng lực phức hợp tư duy thiết kế cho học sinh phổ thông tại Việt Nam, bao gồm 05 thành tố: (1) Xác lập vấn đề bằng đồng cảm, (2) Suy luận, (3) Đề xuất ý tưởng sáng tạo, (4) Mô hình hóa và (5) Quản lý tiến trình thực hiện. Khung năng lực này sẽ là nền tảng quan trọng cho việc xây dựng các công cụ đánh giá năng lực tư duy thiết kế của học sinh phổ thông và hoạch định các chính sách về giáo dục STE(A)M tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu cũng nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc phát triển các kỹ năng này nhằm trang bị cho học sinh những kỹ năng thiết yếu để thành công trong thế kỷ 21.
Recording the Echoes of Suicide
Authors:   , Balt Elias Marten Norbert
Published: February 2025

The overall aim of this thesis is to report on the development and implementation a standardized psychosocial autopsy to understand and prevent suicides in the Netherlands.

Chapter 2 sets off with an exploration of stakeholder perceptions and needs concerning the implementation of a standardized psychosocial autopsy in the Netherlands. Standardized herein refers to a specific, predetermined set of guiding principles and conditions relating to processes involved with the psychosocial autopsy, ranging from the interview instrument to data collection and the translation into recommendations for prevention.

In the second part of this dissertation, we present findings from psychosocial autopsy studies into adolescent suicides, and railway suicides. In chapter 3 we investigated the differences in suicide-related communication between young male and female (aged under 20 years old) suicide decedents. We used a qualitative analysis technique called the ‘Constant Comparative Method’101 to investigate 798 suicide-related communication events reported in interviews concerning 35 young male and female decedents.

In chapter 4 we explored the meaning of social media in the lives of the adolescents who died by suicide. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was performed to assess the role social media had in the lives and to the deaths of these adolescents, with particular attention to the ways in which social media use affected their wellbeing and distress.

Chapter 5 reports a mixed-methods psychosocial autopsy of railway suicides. In this study, we combined data detailing the sociodemographic characteristics of all railway suicide decedents in the Netherlands from 2017 and 2021, with data from in-depth psychosocial autopsy interviews concerning 39 railway suicide decedents.

We started working towards a retrospective, dynamic, cross-sectional cohort that facilitates real-time monitoring of psychosocial characteristics of suicides and allows for an analysis of time-trends and clusters in the future. Chapter 6 describes findings from the pilot study with the new, mixed-methods psychosocial autopsy of suicide in young and middle-aged people.

In chapter 7, the use of Large Language Models for automated deductive coding of interview data is explored and evaluated.

In chapter 8, we discuss the findings from our research that have yet received little attention in scientific literature, reflect on lessons learned, and discuss the future of the psychosocial autopsy.
Quantification of immuno-PET imaging in cancer
Authors:   , Wijngaarden Jessica Eline
Published: February 2025

As immuno-PET demonstrates significant potential in the development of mAb-based therapy, valid quantification is crucial in the interpretation of immuno-PET scans. This thesis focused on the validity and application of different quantification methods for the immuno-PET tracers [18F]F-AraG and 89Zr-mAbs, considering PET physics and tracer pharmacokinetics. The tumour uptake of [18F]F-AraG was characterized by an irreversible model, with TBR or TPR showing the most potential for valid simplified quantification. Similarly, a TBR or TPR was most reliable for quantifying tumour uptake of 89Zr-mAbs, particularly in the case of different mass doses that resulted in different 89Zr-mAb supply from plasma. For 89Zr-immuno-PET, further simplification of TBR could be achieved by quantifying the image-derived blood concentration. Using a delineation of a VOI from the ascending aorta results in the lowest overall bias and variability. Moreover, 89Zr-immuno-PET provides a non-invasive method to assess target engagement in organ tissue, either by quantifying the uptake exceeding the baseline value for non-specific uptake, or by increasing the mass dose resulting in a decrease in target-specific uptake. Lastly, biopsy-proven target-negative tumours showed some evidence for the presence of non-specific irreversible uptake of 89Zr-mAbs in tumours. Due to the presence of non-specific irreversible uptake, a TPR or TBR would always increase over time, also in the absence of the target.
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: at the heart of the pulmonary arteries
Authors:   , Braams Natalia Joanna
Published: February 2025

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is the most severe long-term consequence of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. It is characterized by thromboembolic pulmonary vascular lesions, persisting despite adequate anticoagulant therapy and leading to increased pulmonary artery pressures and secondary microvascular vasculopathy. Initially, the right ventricle will adapt to the increased pulmonary pressures by increasing its wall thickness (hypertrophy). However, as the disease advances and pulmonary pressures increase even more, the right ventricle will dilate and eventually, if left untreated, right ventricular failure will occur.
Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the gold standard treatment for patients with CTEPH, in which the obstructive thromboembolic lesions are surgically removed. PEA results in significant hemodynamic and functional improvement. However, some patients will have residual pulmonary hypertension (PH) or exercise intolerance after PEA. To investigate the mechanism of residual pulmonary hypertension and exercise intolerance after PEA, it is important to understand CTEPH from both the perspective of the pulmonary arteries and the right ventricle.
In this thesis we aimed to improve our understanding of CTEPH, from early detection of the disease to long-term management after treatment, in order to contribute to earlier recognition of CTEPH and a better patient selection for PEA. To accomplish our aim we investigated the manifestations of CTEPH in two locations: in the pulmonary arteries and the right ventricle.
Future of Work in Banking: Adapting Workforce Skills to Digital Transformation Challenges
Authors: Mikki Ewim Chikezie Paul- , Omokhoa Hope Ehieghe , Ogundeji Ibidapo Abiodun , Ibeh Augustine Ifeanyi
Published: February 2025

The banking sector is undergoing a significant transformation driven by digital technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and automation. This digital transformation presents both opportunities and challenges, particularly in terms of workforce skills. The future of work in banking will require a shift in the skillsets of employees to adapt to the evolving technological landscape. Traditional banking roles are being redefined, and new competencies are emerging, necessitating upskilling and reskilling initiatives to ensure a future-ready workforce. This paper explores the impact of digital transformation on workforce dynamics in the banking sector. It examines how technological advancements are reshaping job functions, the skills required, and the organizational structures of financial institutions. Automation and AI are driving the need for data-driven decision-making, reducing manual tasks, and enhancing operational efficiency. However, the adoption of these technologies also requires a workforce capable of understanding and managing complex systems. Key skills that will be in demand include digital literacy, data analytics, cybersecurity expertise, and adaptability to new technologies. Additionally, soft skills such as creativity, problem-solving, and emotional intelligence will become more critical as human workers collaborate with AI-driven systems. The paper highlights the importance of continuous learning and the role of educational programs in preparing the workforce for these changes. Moreover, the paper discusses the challenges organizations face in managing this transition, including resistance to change, the need for strategic leadership, and addressing skill gaps. Case studies from leading financial institutions demonstrate successful strategies for workforce transformation, including partnerships with educational providers, internal training programs, and the integration of agile work cultures. In conclusion, the future of work in banking is poised for profound changes, driven by digital transformation. Financial institutions must invest in upskilling their workforce to stay competitive and innovative. By fostering a culture of continuous learning and adaptability, banks can ensure a successful transition to the future of work.
The Impact of Strategic Monitoring on the Activation of Lean Manufacturing System
Authors: Hamdoon Sura , Alabadee Shahla
Published: February 2025

In light of industrial organizations' increasing challenges, adopting effective managerial strategies that enhance competitiveness and improve organizational performance has become essential. Strategic monitoring is one of the most crucial strategies, as it contributes to forecasting the future and analyzing the internal and external environment, aiding in decision-making at the managerial level. On the other hand, lean manufacturing represents a modern approach aimed at reducing waste and improving production efficiency through principles and managerial techniques. This study aims to analyze the impact of strategic monitoring on lean manufacturing by examining the influence of strategic monitoring dimensions (strategic thinking, strategic intelligence, and strategic vigilance) on the dimensions of lean manufacturing (workplace organization, total productive maintenance, just-in-time production, and continuous improvement). The research employs a quantitative analytical methodology, collecting data through a structured questionnaire distributed to 113 administrative leaders in the Northern Cement Subsidiary. The collected data were analyzed using advanced statistical techniques, including regression and path analysis. The results indicate a significant and positive effect of strategic monitoring on lean manufacturing. Specifically, strategic intelligence and thinking have the most significant impact on adopting lean manufacturing practices. Additionally, the findings highlight the importance of strategic vigilance in enhancing responsiveness to external changes, thereby increasing operational efficiency and reducing waste.