bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of miR-128a induces Lin28a expression and reverts myeloid differentiation blockage in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: De Luca Luciana , Trino Stefania , Laurenzana Ilaria , Tagliaferri Daniela , Falco Geppino , Grieco Vitina , Bianchino Gabriella , Nozza Filomena , Campia Valentina , D'Alessio Francesca , La Rocca Francesco , Caivano Antonella , Villani Oreste , Cilloni Daniela , Musto Pellegrino , Del Vecchio Luigi
Published: June 2017

Lin28A is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein that concurs to control the balance between stemness and differentiation in several tissue lineages. Here, we report the role of miR-128a/Lin28A axis in blocking cell differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by abnormally controlled proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells accompanied by partial or total inability to undergo terminal differentiation. First, we found Lin28A underexpressed in blast cells from AML patients and AML cell lines as compared with CD34+ normal precursors. In vitro transfection of Lin28A in NPM1-mutated OCI-AML3 cell line significantly triggered cell-cycle arrest and myeloid differentiation, with increased expression of macrophage associate genes (EGR2, ZFP36 and ANXA1). Furthermore, miR-128a, a negative regulator of Lin28A, was found overexpressed in AML cells compared with normal precursors, especially in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and in ‘AML with maturation’ (according to 2016 WHO classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia). Its forced overexpression by lentiviral infection in OCI-AML3 downregulated Lin28A with ensuing repression of macrophage-oriented differentiation. Finally, knockdown of miR-128a in OCI-AML3 and in APL/AML leukemic cells (by transfection and lentiviral infection, respectively) induced myeloid cell differentiation and increased expression of Lin28A, EGR2, ZFP36 and ANXA1, reverting myeloid differentiation blockage. In conclusion, our findings revealed a new mechanism for AML differentiation blockage, suggesting new strategies for AML therapy based upon miR-128a inhibition.
Interferon-γ derived from cytotoxic lymphocytes directly enhances their motility and cytotoxicity
Authors: Bhat Purnima , Leggatt Graham , Waterhouse Nigel , Frazer Ian H
Published: June 2017

Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a key moderator of cell-mediated immunity with diverse, mainly pro-inflammatory actions on immunocytes and target tissue. Recent studies have shown it may enhance anti-tumor and antiviral effects of CD8 T cells. Here we investigate the mechanisms by which IFNγ mediates CD8 T-cell cytotoxic function. We show that in vivo, antigen-specific CD8 T cells that produce INFγ are necessary to effect rejection of skin grafts expressing OVA as a transgene in keratinocytes. The ability of CD8 T cells to produce IFNγ enhanced their ability to migrate to the site of antigen-presenting skin cells. By in vivo imaging, we show that CTL motility, particularly speed, during graft rejection was enhanced by locally available IFNγ. We then used a reductionist two-cell model of CTL effectors and keratinocyte targets to investigate the effects of locally available (paracrine) and CTL-producing (autocrine) IFNγ on the motility behavior and killing ability of the CTL. Using live-cell imaging by prolonged time-lapse microscopy of primary effector CD8 T cells and antigen-expressing primary keratinocyte targets, we show that CD8 T-cell cytotoxic function and motility is enhanced by locally available IFNγ. Conversely, deprivation of either autocrine or paracrine IFNγ, or blockade of IFNγ signaling to CTL markedly reduced their cytotoxic function, their kinematics, and effector cell survival. We conclude that in vitro and in vivo, autocrine production of IFNγ by CTL enhances their motility and promotes killing of primary target keratinocytes. The absolute need for local IFNγ to enable cytotoxic CD8 T-cell function is of significance for immunotherapy for chronic viral infection and for cancer.
Ants regulate colony spatial organization using multiple chemical road-signs
Authors: Heyman Yael , Shental Noam , Brandis Alexander , Hefetz Abraham , Feinerman Ofer
Published: June 2017

Communication provides the basis for social life. In ant colonies, the prevalence of local, often chemically mediated, interactions introduces strong links between communication networks and the spatial distribution of ants. It is, however, unknown how ants identify and maintain nest chambers with distinct functions. Here, we combine individual tracking, chemical analysis and machine learning to decipher the chemical signatures present on multiple nest surfaces. We present evidence for several distinct chemical ‘road-signs’ that guide the ants’ movements within the dark nest. These chemical signatures can be used to classify nest chambers with different functional roles. Using behavioural manipulations, we demonstrate that at least three of these chemical signatures are functionally meaningful and allow ants from different task groups to identify their specific nest destinations, thus facilitating colony coordination and stabilization. The use of multiple chemicals that assist spatiotemporal guidance, segregation and pattern formation is abundant in multi-cellular organisms. Here, we provide a rare example for the use of these principles in the ant colony.
The critical role of SENP1-mediated GATA2 deSUMOylation in promoting endothelial activation in graft arteriosclerosis
Authors: Qiu Cong , Wang Yuewen , Zhao Haige , Qin Lingfeng , Shi Yanna , Zhu Xiaolong , Song Lin , Zhou Xiaofei , Chen Jian , Zhou Hong , Zhang Haifeng , Tellides George , Min Wang , Yu Luyang
Published: June 2017

Data from clinical research and our previous study have suggested the potential involvement of SENP1, the major protease of post-translational SUMOylation, in cardiovascular disorders. Here, we investigate the role of SENP1-mediated SUMOylation in graft arteriosclerosis (GA), the major cause of allograft failure. We observe an endothelial-specific induction of SENP1 and GATA2 in clinical graft rejection specimens that show endothelial activation-mediated vascular remodelling. In mouse aorta transplantation GA models, endothelial-specific SENP1 knockout grafts demonstrate limited neointima formation with attenuated leukocyte recruitment, resulting from diminished induction of adhesion molecules in the graft endothelium due to increased GATA2 SUMOylation. Mechanistically, inflammation-induced SENP1 promotes the deSUMOylation of GATA2 and IκBα in endothelial cells, resulting in increased GATA2 stability, promoter-binding capability and NF-κB activity, which leads to augmented endothelial activation and inflammation. Therefore, upon inflammation, endothelial SENP1-mediated SUMOylation drives GA by regulating the synergistic effect of GATA2 and NF-κB and consequent endothelial dysfunction.
Fetal and postnatal metal dysregulation in autism
Authors: Arora Manish , Reichenberg Abraham , Willfors Charlotte , Austin Christine , Gennings Chris , Berggren Steve , Lichtenstein Paul , Anckarsäter Henrik , Tammimies Kristiina , Bölte Sven
Published: June 2017

Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the etiologies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but evidence of specific environmental exposures and susceptibility windows is limited. Here we study monozygotic and dizygotic twins discordant for ASD to test whether fetal and postnatal metal dysregulation increases ASD risk. Using validated tooth-matrix biomarkers, we estimate pre- and post-natal exposure profiles of essential and toxic elements. Significant divergences are apparent in metal uptake between ASD cases and their control siblings, but only during discrete developmental periods. Cases have reduced uptake of essential elements manganese and zinc, and higher uptake of the neurotoxin lead. Manganese and lead are also correlated with ASD severity and autistic traits. Our study suggests that metal toxicant uptake and essential element deficiency during specific developmental windows increases ASD risk and severity, supporting the hypothesis of systemic elemental dysregulation in ASD. Independent replication in population-based studies is needed to extend these findings.
Multicentennial record of Labrador Sea primary productivity and sea-ice variability archived in coralline algal barium
Authors: Chan P. , Halfar J. , Adey W. , Hetzinger S. , Zack T. , Moore G.W.K. , Wortmann U. G. , Williams B. , Hou A.
Published: June 2017

Accelerated warming and melting of Arctic sea-ice has been associated with significant increases in phytoplankton productivity in recent years. Here, utilizing a multiproxy approach, we reconstruct an annually resolved record of Labrador Sea productivity related to sea-ice variability in Labrador, Canada that extends well into the Little Ice Age (LIA; 1646 AD). Barium-to-calcium ratios (Ba/Ca) and carbon isotopes (δ13C) measured in long-lived coralline algae demonstrate significant correlations to both observational and proxy records of sea-ice variability, and show persistent patterns of co-variability broadly consistent with the timing and phasing of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Results indicate reduced productivity in the Subarctic Northwest Atlantic associated with AMO cool phases during the LIA, followed by a step-wise increase from 1910 to present levels—unprecedented in the last 363 years. Increasing phytoplankton productivity is expected to fundamentally alter marine ecosystems as warming and freshening is projected to intensify over the coming century.
Large spin accumulation and crystallographic dependence of spin transport in single crystal gallium nitride nanowires
Authors: Park Tae-Eon , Park Youn Ho , Lee Jong-Min , Kim Sung Wook , Park Hee Gyum , Min Byoung-Chul , Kim Hyung-jun , Koo Hyun Cheol , Choi Heon-Jin , Han Suk Hee , Johnson Mark , Chang Joonyeon
Published: June 2017

Semiconductor spintronics is an alternative to conventional electronics that offers devices with high performance, low power and multiple functionality. Although a large number of devices with mesoscopic dimensions have been successfully demonstrated at low temperatures for decades, room-temperature operation still needs to go further. Here we study spin injection in single-crystal gallium nitride nanowires and report robust spin accumulation at room temperature with enhanced spin injection polarization of 9%. A large Overhauser coupling between the electron spin accumulation and the lattice nuclei is observed. Finally, our single-crystal gallium nitride samples have a trigonal cross-section defined by the (001), ("Equation missing") and ("Equation missing") planes. Using the Hanle effect, we show that the spin accumulation is significantly different for injection across the (001) and ("Equation missing") (or ("Equation missing")) planes. This provides a technique for increasing room temperature spin injection in mesoscopic systems.
USP13 regulates the RAP80-BRCA1 complex dependent DNA damage response
Authors: Li Yunhui , Luo Kuntian , Yin Yujiao , Wu Chenming , Deng Min , Li Lei , Chen Yuping , Nowsheen Somaira , Lou Zhenkun , Yuan Jian
Published: June 2017

BRCA1 regulates multiple cellular pathways that maintain genomic stability including cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair, protein ubiquitination, chromatin remodelling, transcriptional regulation and apoptosis. Receptor-associated protein 80 (RAP80) helps recruit BRCA1 to double-strand breaks (DSBs) through the scaffold protein CCDC98 (Abraxas) and facilitates DNA damage response (DDR). However, the regulation of RAP80-BRCA1 complex is still unclear. Here we report that a deubiquitinase, USP13, regulates DDR by targeting RAP80. Mechanistically, USP13 is phosphorylated by ATM following DNA damage which, in turn, facilitates its DSB localization. USP13, in turn, deubiquitinates RAP80 and promotes RAP80 recruitment and proper DDR. Depleting or inhibiting USP13 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin and PARP inhibitor (olaparib) while overexpression of USP13 renders ovarian cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy. Overall, we identify USP13 as a regulator of DNA repair and reveal a model in which a phosphorylation-deubiquitination axis dynamically regulates RAP80-BRCA1 complex foci formation and function.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of phased small interfering RNA genes in response to Botrytis cinerea infection in Solanum lycopersicum
Authors: Wu Fangli , Chen Yue , Tian Xing , Zhu Xiaole , Jin Weibo
Published: June 2017

Phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) are encoded by a novel class of genes known as phasiRNA producing (PHAS) genes. These genes play important regulatory roles by targeting protein coding transcripts in plant species. In this study, 91 regions were identified as potential PHAS loci in tomato, with additional evidence that seven of them can be triggered by five miRNAs. Among the identified loci, 51 were located in genic regions, and the remaining 40 were located in intergenic regions. The transient overexpression of PHAS15 and PHAS26 demonstrated that phasiRNAs predicted by PhaseTank were indeed generated from their respective PHAS loci. Using sRNA-seq data from B. cinerea-infected tomato leaves, we identified 50 B. cinerea-responsive phasiRNAs with increased abundance and five with decreased abundance. Moreover, 164 targets of these differentially expressed phasiRNAs were predicted, and 94 of them were confirmed experimentally using degradome data. Gene ontology analysis of the targets revealed an enrichment of genes with functions related to defense responses and signaling regulation. These results suggest that a large number of endogenous siRNAs, such as phasiRNAs, have not yet been identified in tomato and underscore the urgent need to systematically identify and functionally analyze siRNAs in tomato.
Genetic variation of dopamine and serotonin function modulates the feedback-related negativity during altruistic punishment
Authors: Enge Sören , Mothes Hendrik , Fleischhauer Monika , Reif Andreas , Strobel Alexander
Published: June 2017

Why do humans cooperate and often punish norm violations of others? In the present study, we sought to investigate the genetic bases of altruistic punishment (AP), which refers to the costly punishment of norm violations with potential benefit for other individuals. Recent evidence suggests that norm violations and unfairness are indexed by the feedback-related negativity (FRN), an anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) generated neural response to expectancy violations. Given evidence on the role of serotonin and dopamine in AP as well as in FRN-generation, we explored the impact of genetic variation of serotonin and dopamine function on FRN and AP behavior in response to unfair vs. fair monetary offers in a Dictator Game (DG) with punishment option. In a sample of 45 healthy participants we observed larger FRN amplitudes to unfair DG assignments both for 7-repeat allele carriers of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) exon III polymorphism and for l/l-genotype carriers of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLRP). Moreover, 5-HTTLPR l/l-genotype carriers punished unfair offers more strongly. These findings support the role of serotonin and dopamine in AP, potentially via their influence on neural mechanisms implicated in the monitoring of expectancy violations and their relation to impulsive and punishment behavior.
ML290 is a biased allosteric agonist at the relaxin receptor RXFP1
Authors: Kocan Martina , Sarwar Mohsin , Ang Sheng Y. , Xiao Jingbo , Marugan Juan J. , Hossain Mohammed A. , Wang Chao , Hutchinson Dana S. , Samuel Chrishan S. , Agoulnik Alexander I. , Bathgate Ross A. D. , Summers Roger J.
Published: June 2017

Activation of the relaxin receptor RXFP1 has been associated with improved survival in acute heart failure. ML290 is a small molecule RXFP1 agonist with simple structure, long half-life and high stability. Here we demonstrate that ML290 is a biased agonist in human cells expressing RXFP1 with long-term beneficial actions on markers of fibrosis in human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs). ML290 did not directly compete with orthosteric relaxin binding and did not affect binding kinetics, but did increase binding to RXFP1. In HEK-RXFP1 cells, ML290 stimulated cAMP accumulation and p38MAPK phosphorylation but not cGMP accumulation or ERK1/2 phosphorylation although prior addition of ML290 increased p-ERK1/2 responses to relaxin. In human primary vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells that endogenously express RXFP1, ML290 increased both cAMP and cGMP accumulation but not p-ERK1/2. In HCFs, ML290 increased cGMP accumulation but did not affect p-ERK1/2 and given chronically activated MMP-2 expression and inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation. In vascular cells, ML290 was 10x more potent for cGMP accumulation and p-p38MAPK than for cAMP accumulation. ML290 caused strong coupling of RXFP1 to Gαs and GαoB but weak coupling to Gαi3. ML290 exhibited signalling bias at RXFP1 possessing a signalling profile indicative of vasodilator and anti-fibrotic properties.
WhiB4 Regulates the PE/PPE Gene Family and is Essential for Virulence of Mycobacterium marinum
Authors: Wu Jing , Ru Huan-wei , Xiang Zhi-hao , Jiang Jun , Wang Yu-chen , Zhang Lu , Liu Jun
Published: June 2017

During the course of infection, pathogenic mycobacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) encounter host environments of variable oxygen tension, ranging from the hypoxic center of granulomas to the most oxygenated region in the lung cavities. Mycobacterial responses to changes of oxygen tension are critically related to infection outcomes, such as latency and reactivation. WhiB4 is an iron-sulfur containing transcription factor that is highly sensitive to oxygen exposure. In this study, we found that WhiB4 of Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum), a pathogenic mycobacterial species that is closely related to M. tb, is required for its virulence. M. marinum ΔwhiB4 exhibited defective intracellular replication in macrophages and diminished virulence in zebrafish. Histology analysis revealed that the host had successfully controlled ΔwhiB4 bacteria, forming well-organized granulomas. RNA-seq analysis identified a large number of pe/ppe genes that were regulated by WhiB4, which provides an explanation for the essential role of WhiB4 in M. marinum virulence. Several antioxidant enzymes were also upregulated in ΔwhiB4, supporting its role in modulation of oxidative stress response. Taken together, we have provided new insight into and proposed a model to explain the physiological role of WhiB4.
Impact of genotype on endocrinal complications of Children with Alpha-thalassemia in China
Authors: Luo Hong-Cheng , Luo Qi-Sheng , Huang Fu-Gao , Wang Chun-Fang , Wei Ye-Sheng
Published: June 2017

Alpha-thalassemia occurs with high frenquency in China. Four common α-globin gene deletion mutations (–SEA, -α3.7, and -α4.2, Haemoglobin Constant Spring (CS) mutation) were identified in Chinese patients. Individuals with alpha-thalassemia syndrome are more often of children. However report on endocrinal complications in children with alpha thalassemia in China are still absent. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of genotype on endocrinal complications in Chinese children. Association analysis between genotype and endocrinal compliaction development was conducted on 200 patients with 200 healthy controls. Hypogonadism was found to be the most prominent endocrinal complications (84.0%) leading to the growth retardation, hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism whose incidence were significantly higher in pateints. (αCSα/–SEA) was the main genotype of Alpha thalassemia identified in the patients (37.5%), and patients with the (-α4.2/–SEA) genotype had a higher prevalence of hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus and hypoparathyroidism (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively).
Overexpression of LINC00152 correlates with poor patient survival and knockdown impairs cell proliferation in lung cancer
Authors: Feng Shumei , Zhang Jie , Su Wenmei , Bai Shengbin , Xiao Lei , Chen Xiuyuan , Lin Jules , Reddy Rishindra M. , Chang Andrew C. , Beer David G. , Chen Guoan
Published: June 2017

We employed RNA sequencing analysis to reveal dysregulated lncRNAs in lung cancer utilizing 461 lung adenocarcinomas and 156 normal lung tissues from 3 separate cohorts. We found that LINC00152 was highly overexpressed in lung tumors as compared to their adjacent normal tissues. Patients with high LINC00152 expression demonstrate a significantly poorer survival than those with low expression. We verified the diagnostic/prognostic potential of LINC00152 expression in an independent cohort of lung tumor tissues using quantitative RT-PCR. After knockdown of LINC00152 using siRNAs in lung cancer cell lines, both cell proliferation and colony formation were decreased. Cell fractionation and qRT-PCR analysis indicated that LINC00152 is found mainly in the cytoplasm. Treatment with Trichostatin A in cell lines having low LINC00152 expression indicated that histone acetylation may be one mechanism underlying LINC00152 overexpression in NSCLC. Western blot analyses indicated that p38a, STAT1, STAT3, CREB1, CCNE1 and c-MYC proteins were decreased after LINC00152 siRNA treatment. Our study indicates LINC00152 plays an important role in lung tumor growth and is potentially a diagnostic/prognostic marker. Further characterization of LINC00152 in regulating its target proteins may provide a novel therapeutic target of lung cancer.
Interferometric control of the absorption in optical patch antennas
Authors: Lemaître Caroline , Centeno Emmanuel , Moreau Antoine
Published: June 2017

Optical patch nano-antennas possess unique absorption, field enhancement and concentration capabilities – but their crosssection, as well as their response outside of normal incidence are not well understood. Here we explain the large cross-section by considering that each patch nanoantenna is a cavity excited from both sides. Such a simple physical picture allows to fully understand the influence of the angle of incidence – that odd resonances have a very high absorption cross-section which decreases when the incidence angle increases, while even resonances cannot be excited in normal incidence. A direct application would be to use these structures as an optical nanometric set-square.
Comparing photoelectrochemical water oxidation, recombination kinetics and charge trapping in the three polymorphs of TiO2
Authors: Moss Benjamin , Lim Kee Kean , Beltram Alessandro , Moniz Savio , Tang Junwang , Fornasiero Paolo , Barnes Piers , Durrant James , Kafizas Andreas
Published: June 2017

In this article we present the first comparative study of the transient decay dynamics of photo-generated charges for the three polymorphs of TiO2. To our knowledge, this is the first such study of the brookite phase of TiO2 over timescales relevant to the kinetics of water splitting. We find that the behavior of brookite, both in the dynamics of relaxation of photo-generated charges and in energetic distribution, is similar to the anatase phase of TiO2. Moreover, links between the rate of recombination of charge carriers, their energetic distribution and the mode of transport are made in light of our findings and used to account for the differences in water splitting efficiency observed across the three polymorphs.
Experiment-based modelling of grain boundary β-phase (Mg2Al3) evolution during sensitisation of aluminium alloy AA5083
Authors: Zhang R. , Steiner M. A. , Agnew S. R. , Kairy S. K , Davies C. H. J. , Birbilis N.
Published: June 2017

An empirical model for the evolution of β-phase (Mg2Al3) along grain boundaries in aluminium alloy AA5083 (Al-Mg-Mn) during isothermal exposures is proposed herein. Developing a quantitative understanding of grain boundary precipitation is important to interpreting intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in this alloy system. To date, complete ab initio models for grain boundary precipitation based upon fundamental principles of thermodynamics and kinetics are not available, despite the critical role that such precipitates play in dictating intergranular corrosion phenomena. Empirical models can therefore serve an important role in advancing the understanding of grain boundary precipitation kinetics, which is an approach applicable beyond the present context. High resolution scanning electron microscopy was to quantify the size and distribution of β-phase precipitates on Ga-embrittled intergranular fracture surfaces of AA5083. The results are compared with the degree of sensitisation (DoS) as judged by nitric acid mass loss testing (ASTM-G67-04), and discussed with models for sensitisation in 5xxx series Al-alloys. The work herein allows sensitisation to be quantified from an unambiguous microstructural perspective.
Human cortical activity evoked by contextual processing in attentional orienting
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Li Chunlin , Uono Shota , Yoshimura Sayaka , Toichi Motomi
Published: June 2017

The ability to assess another person’s direction of attention is paramount in social communication, many studies have reported a similar pattern between gaze and arrow cues in attention orienting. Neuroimaging research has also demonstrated no qualitative differences in attention to gaze and arrow cues. However, these studies were implemented under simple experiment conditions. Researchers have highlighted the importance of contextual processing (i.e., the semantic congruence between cue and target) in attentional orienting, showing that attentional orienting by social gaze or arrow cues could be modulated through contextual processing. Here, we examine the neural activity of attentional orienting by gaze and arrow cues in response to contextual processing using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results demonstrated that the influence of neural activity through contextual processing to attentional orienting occurred under invalid conditions (when the cue and target were incongruent versus congruent) in the ventral frontoparietal network, although we did not identify any differences in the neural substrates of attentional orienting in contextual processing between gaze and arrow cues. These results support behavioural data of attentional orienting modulated by contextual processing based on the neurocognitive architecture.
Differential surface plasmon polaritons transmission line with controllable common mode rejection
Authors: Zhang Xue-Feng , Chen Jian-Xin , Gao Rui-Feng , Xu Chen , Bao Zhi-Hua
Published: June 2017

In this paper, a spoof surface plasmon polarions (SPPs) transmission line is designed by patterning thin metal film in open-cross shape arranged in array. Numerical simulations show the proposed open-cross array can support spoof SPPs with enlarged propagation constant and hence enhanced confinement at metal/dielectric interface as compared to the reported ultra-thin plasmonic waveguide with the rectangular groove or solid-cross. Furthermore, a differential transmission line pair is built with such two close plasmonic arrays. A narrow metal strip locates at the symmetrical plane of the two SPPs waveguides and acts as a resonator to realize common-mode rejection at specific frequency. The notch frequency for common mode can be adjusted by tuning the metal strip length of the resonator while differential mode propagation remains unaffected. Both simulated and experimental results with good agreement are given to verify the proposed idea.
NanoEHS beyond toxicity – focusing on biocorona
Authors: Lin Sijie , Mortimer Monika , Chen Ran , Kakinen Aleksandr , Riviere Jim E. , Davis Thomas P. , Ding Feng , Ke Pu Chun
Published: June 2017

We believe continued development of the field of environmental health and safety of nanomaterials (nanoEHS) hinges on a critical extension from reporting macroscopic and microscopic phenomena to understanding nano-biomolecular interactions.
An insertion/self-fusion mechanism for cell membrane immobilization on porous silica beads to fabricate biomimic carriers
Authors: Wang Xu , Xu Liang , Mao Ruizhi , Zhao Xinchao , Xu Bei , Tang Cheng , He Jiahui , Zhang Yanwen
Published: June 2017

An insertion/self-fusion mechanism for cell membrane immobilization on porous silica beads has been proposed to fabricate biomimic carriers.
Recognition of chiral zwitterionic interactions at nanoscale interfaces by chiroplasmonic nanosensors
Authors: Zhao Wenjing , Wang Rong-Yao , Wei Hong , Li Jingliang , Ji Yinglu , Jiang Xinxin , Wu Xiaochun , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: June 2017

Gold nanorod based nanosensors can be used to recognize chiral zwitterionic interactions by an on/off plasmonic CD response.
CapturePhos – A phosphorus-rich polymer as a homogeneous catalyst scavenger
Authors: Cuthbert T. J. , Evoy E. , Bow J. P. J. , Guterman R. , Stubbs J. M. , Gillies E. R. , Ragogna P. J. , Blacquiere J. M.
Published: June 2017

Homogeneous catalysts are efficiently removed from solution by an insoluble phosphorus-rich polymer network.
Designing indirect–direct bandgap transitions in double perovskites
Authors: Tran T. Thao , Panella Jessica R. , Chamorro Juan R. , Morey Jennifer R. , McQueen Tyrel M.
Published: June 2017

A general design strategy is presented for tuning the convergence of direct and indirect bandgaps based on chemical adjustment of the s- and p-orbital character of the conduction band minimum.
Bio-camouflage of anatase nanoparticles explored by in situ high-resolution electron microscopy
Authors: Ribeiro Ana R. , Mukherjee Arijita , Hu Xuan , Shafien Shayan , Ghodsi Reza , He Kun , Gemini-Piperni Sara , Wang Canhui , Klie Robert F. , Shokuhfar Tolou , Shahbazian-Yassar Reza , Borojevic Radovan , Rocha Luis A. , Granjeiro José M.
Published: June 2017

In situliquid cell transmission electron microscopy and graphene liquid cells were used to investigate, thein situnano–bio interactions between titanium dioxide nanoparticles and biological medium.
Aryne triggered [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of allyl and propargyl thioethers
Authors: Tan Jiajing , Zheng Tianyu , Xu Kun , Liu Changyao
Published: June 2017

An efficient protocol for [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of allyl and propargyl thioethers is reported.
Dimensionally stable hexamethylenetetramine functionalized polysulfone anion exchange membranes
Authors: Chen Wanting , Hu Mengmeng , Wang Haochen , Wu Xuemei , Gong Xue , Yan Xiaoming , Zhen Dongxing , He Gaohong
Published: June 2017

Hexamethylenetetramine mono-quaternized polysulfone AEM (2.23 mmol g−1) exhibits a low swelling ratio (21% at 60 °C) due to strong electrostatic interactions.
Correction: A spiropyran–coumarin platform: an environment sensitive photoresponsive drug delivery system for efficient cancer therapy
Authors: Barman Shrabani , Das Joyjyoti , Biswas Sandipan , Maiti T. K. , Pradeep Singh N. D.
Published: June 2017

Correction for ‘A spiropyran–coumarin platform: an environment sensitive photoresponsive drug delivery system for efficient cancer therapy’ by Shrabani Barman et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00379j.
Unexpected gas sensing properties of SiO2/SnO2 core–shell nanofibers under dry and humid conditions
Authors: Gunji Shunsuke , Jukei Masaya , Shimotsuma Yasuhiko , Miura Kiyotaka , Suematsu Koichi , Watanabe Ken , Shimanoe Kengo
Published: June 2017

SiO2/SnO2 core–shell nanofibers were synthesized using TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers as templates and the gas sensing properties were evaluated under dry and humid conditions.
Two‐colour THz quantum well photodetectors
Authors: Wang Haixia , Zhang Rong , Wang Feng , Jiao Zhejing , Shao Dixiang , Fu Zhanglong , Zhou Tao , Tan Zhiyong , Cao Jungcheng
Published: June 2017

Two‐colour terahertz (THz) quantum‐well photodetectors are designed, fabricated, and characterised. To realise two‐colour detection, a stacked structure is adopted by sequentially growing two one‐colour detectors. It is found that the spectra of the stacked device are in accordance with those of the two individual detectors connected in series. The relatively broad spectral bandwidth may enable its use in a THz spectrometer.
Sampled‐data‐based consensus of continuous‐time systems with limited data rate
Authors: Liu Kai , Mu Xiaowu , Li Tao
Published: June 2017

Leader‐following consensus is investigated for second‐order continuous‐time multi‐agent systems with limited communication data rate in this study. The network communication topology is directed and static. Using the sampled position and velocity data, a corresponding discrete‐time system, whose leader‐following consensus is proved to be equivalent to that of the original system, is given. A distributed protocol is proposed based on dynamic encoding and decoding. A necessary and sufficient condition is given for the existence of such communication and control protocol to ensure the achievement of leader‐following consensus, if the upper bound of the communication data rate is predetermined. Two algorithms are also presented to achieve the leader‐following consensus if the communication data rate is unfixed or limited, respectively. Finally, simulation examples are given to verify and illustrate the theoretical analysis.
Structure preserving energy function including the synchronous generator magnetic saturation and sub‐transient models
Authors: Younis Mohamed Ramadan , Iravani Reza
Published: June 2017

This study presents, develops and evaluates a structure preserving energy function based on the sixth‐order generator model which is formulated with respect to the centre‐of‐inertia. Flux saturation and leakage flux effects are also included in the model. Each load is represented as voltage‐dependent load. It is demonstrated that the proposed energy function satisfies the energy function required conditions. This study also derives a modified energy function from the original development which provides a simpler representation with less computational need while preserving the same accuracy. Physical interpretation of each term of the modified energy function is also discussed. To evaluate and verify the accuracy of the modified energy function, the critical clearing time using potential energy boundary surface method and the time‐domain simulation results of a test system are presented. The calculation of the critical energy based on the proposed energy function differs by at least 10% (more accurate) compared with the existing energy functions.
Personalberatung vs. Personalvermittlung: Stellenausschreibung platziert – Dienstleister ruft an
Authors: Krey Christina
Published: June 2017

Der Dienstleistermarkt ist groß: teils generalistisch aufgestellt, teils spezialisiert auf die Gesundheitswirtschaft oder sogar auf einzelne Berufsgruppen wie Ärzte oder Pflegekräfte. Personalverantwortliche in Kliniken berichten von zahlreichen Anrufen jeden Tag. Wie arbeiten Personaldienstleister und worauf ist in der Auswahl zu achten?
ÖVKT-Jahrestagung: Wer B sagt, muss erst A sagen
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: June 2017

Während sich das Gesundheitswesen aufmacht ins digitale High-Tech-Zeitalter wird immer noch in OP-Sälen aus den 1970er Jahren operiert. Die Infrastruktur hinter den Kulissen der High-Tech-Medizin ist vielerorts in die Jahre gekommen. Operationsroboter treffen hier auf 40 und mehr Jahre alte elektrische Installationen. Werden wir technisch schizophren?
Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung: Tag der Versicherungen – Hauptstadtkongress Medizin und Gesundheit 2017
Authors: Elsner Ulrike , Litsch Martin
Published: June 2017

Gesundheitskompetenz und Patientensouveränität werden in einer digitalisierten Welt immer wichtiger. Beim Tag der Versicherungen steht deshalb der Patient im Mittelpunkt. Wie findet sich dieser in einem immer komplexer werdenden Gesundheitssystem zurecht? Braucht er Orientierungs- oder Suchhilfen? Wie unterscheidet er zwischen sinnvollen und weniger sinnvollen Leistungsangeboten? Und wie erreicht man die Patienten, die nicht von selbst kommen, zum Beispiel in der Vorsorge und in der Prävention?
Spitzenverband Fachärzte Deutschlands e. v.: Innovationen für ein zukunftsfestes System
Authors: Lindemann Lars F. , Koschorrek Rolf
Published: June 2017

Mittlerweile schon traditionell organisiert der Spitzenverband Fachärzte Deutschlands e. V. (SpiFa) auch 2017 den Fachärztetag im Rahmen des Hauptstadtkongresses Medizin und Gesundheit. In diesem Jahr möchten wir uns besonders dem Thema Innovationen widmen und hier vor allem den Blick auf die Möglichkeiten von zügigem Innovationszugang ins System werfen.
IGES-Institut: Erinnerungen an die Zukunft: Wie wir in 20 Jahren Gesundheitsdienste nutzen werden
Authors: Häussler Bertram
Published: June 2017

Früher unvorstellbar, heute aber wahr, erscheinen viele alltägliche technische Errungenschaften. Genauso werden wir die Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens erleben. Was uns genau erwartet und wie wir dies gestalten können, führt das IGES-Satellitensymposium „Future Script“ markant vor.
Rhytidectomy: Analysis of Videos Available Online
Authors: Gupta Amar , Carron Joey , Rayess Hani , Carron Michael , Nissan Michael
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study was to examine YouTube videos related to rhytidectomy created by both physicians and nonphysicians to determine the content of the videos, the selected topics of discussion, and other important parameters using a cross-sectional analysis study design. A YouTube search result for the keyword “facelift” was performed. Videos pertaining to the rhytidectomy procedure were included in this analysis. Authorship, length of video, primary objective, and total views were recorded. Total 80 videos (81%) were authored by physicians, 14 (14%) were authored by patients, and 5 (5%) were authored by a third party. Fifty-eight (59%) videos were shorter than 5 minutes, and 41 videos (41%) were longer than 5 minutes. Fifty-two (53%) videos were viewed fewer than 10,000 times, and 47 videos (47%) were viewed more than 10,000 times. Forty (40%) videos had a primary objective of providing information, 13 (13%) had a primary objective of providing the patient's perspective, and 46 (46%) had a primary objective of advertising a physician's practice. A chi-square test for independence with threshold of significance < 0.05 was used to compare whether or not the primary objective of the videos depended on the type of authorship. A significant difference was found between physician- and patient-authored videos. In addition, the 12 (12%) videos with the most views of videos included in this study were responsible for 75% of the total views of videos included in this study. Advertising was a goal of both physician- and patient-based videos, but physician-based videos were more likely to provide information about the procedure whereas patient-based videos more commonly presented a patient's personal perspective. The most popular 12% of videos were responsible for 75% of total views in this analysis, indicating that a small minority of perspectives dominates the YouTube viewership regarding rhytidectomy. The general public may be misled by information found by viewing these videos as the Internet generally lacks safeguards for quality or accuracy. It may be prudent for academic or professional organizations to provide videos intended to achieve a more neutral, well-informed perspective.
Effects of Tumescent Solution on Fat Survival
Authors: Yesiloglu Nebil , Kaya Özlem , Ercan Feriha , Filinte Gaye , Sirinoglu Hakan
Published: June 2017

Autologous fat transfer is a commonly used procedure in plastic surgery practice. The long-term survival rate of fat grafts is the most important issue for satisfactory results. The presented study includes the effects of different tumescent solutions on long-term fat graft survival. A total of 24 rats were divided into four groups: sham, lidocaine, adrenaline, and lidocaine + adrenaline groups. In all groups except the sham group, right inguinal fat pad was harvested 10 minutes after injecting 5 cc of the appropriate tumescent solution. The fat pad was trimmed and reimplanted to the interscapular area. After 3 months, fat pad was reharvested and sent for histopathologic evaluation. The harvested fat grafts were weighted in both surgical sessions. A significant difference was observed in comparison of fat grafts weights between the initial operation and the postoperative third month (p = 0.002). By intergroup comparisons, a significant difference was observed between sham and adrenaline groups (p = 0.002) and between sham and lidocaine + adrenaline groups (p = 0.007). No statistical difference was observed by the comparison of TUNNEL results (p = 0.663). The histopathologic evaluation of the specimens revealed similar results between groups. The injection of tumescent solutions containing only lidocaine before fat harvesting yields similar long-term fat graft survival rates in comparison to the conduction of surgical procedure without injecting any tumescent fluid. However, the injection of solutions containing adrenaline with or without lidocaine may decrease the long-term survival rates of fat autografts.
Percutaneous Treatment of Vertebral Fractures
Authors: Giurazza Francesco , Guarnieri Gianluigi , Miele Vittorio , Marcia Stefano , Masala Salvatore , Guglielmi Giuseppe , Muto Mario
Published: June 2017

The thoracolumbar junction and lumbosacral segment are the portions of the spinal column most prone to acute traumatic fractures. Multiple classifications and injury severity score systems have been published to standardize the management of patients, establishing stable/unstable and surgical/nonsurgical fractures. In the past, patients could be treated only by surgical stabilization or conservative methods. The latter implied bed rest, long immobilization periods, prolonged drugs therapies, and, at worst, the evolution of kyphosis. Percutaneous mini-invasive treatments have been developed to improve the quality of life of patients affected by stable fractures, by rapidly recovering mobility and preventing deformity of the spinal column. These approaches, based on assisted techniques, imply the placement of different types of expandable bone implant systems. We discuss the treatment of vertebral fractures, focusing on percutaneous procedures and analyzing indications, contraindications, and outcomes of patients affected by vertebral nonosteoporotic/nonneoplastic but traumatic fractures.
Decision Making in Interventional Oncology: Ablative Options in the Lung
Authors: Lee Kyungmouk , Erinjeri Joseph
Published: June 2017

Image-guided ablation is safe and effective for the treatment of both primary and metastatic tumors in the lung. This article reviews the three most commonly used ablative options: radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and cryoablation. We describe the advantages of each ablation modality in the lung and how to choose the most appropriate ablation device based on patient and tumor characteristics. The optimal technique for lung ablation is discussed and technical tips for improving clinical outcome are described.
Potential Drug Interactions and Drug Risk during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: An Observational Study in a Women's Health Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ferracini Amanda Canato , Rodrigues Aline Teotonio , Visacri Marília Berlofa , Stahlschmidt Rebeca , Silva Nice Maria Oliveira da , Surita Fernanda Garanhani , Mazzola Priscila Gava
Published: June 2017

Introduction In the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, women may develop complications that require admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Thus, special attention to pharmacotherapy is necessary, particularly to potential drug interactions (PDIs) and to the effect of the drugs on the fetus and newborn.

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the profile of PDIs and the potential risk of drugs used during pregnancy and breastfeeding among patients admitted to the ICU.

Methods We conducted an observational, cross-sectional and prospective study, including pregnant and breastfeeding women admitted to the ICU at the Women's Hospital of a university in the city of Campinas, Brazil, for one year. Online databases were used to identify and classify the PDIs and the potential risk of the drugs used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Results We evaluated 305 prescriptions of 58 women, 31 pregnant and 27 breastfeeding, and 284 (91%) prescriptions presented PDIs. A total of 175 different combinations of PDIs were identified in the prescriptions, and adverse effects caused by the simultaneous use of drugs were not actually observed in the clinical practice. A total of 26 (1.4%) PDIs were classified as contraindicated. We identified 15 (13.8%) drugs prescribed with risk D, and 2 (1.8%) with risk X for pregnant women, as well as 4 (4.9%) drugs prescribed with high risk for breastfeeding women.

Conclusions This study demonstrates that there is a high incidence of PDIs in prescriptions. Most drugs used by pregnant and breastfeeding women at the ICU did not present serious risks to their fetus and newborns, but sometimes drugs with risk D or X are necessary in the course of the treatment.
Enhancement of thermoelectric power of PbTe thin films by Ag ion implantation
Authors: Bala Manju , Bhogra Anuradha , Khan Saif A. , Tripathi Tripurari S. , Tripathi Surya K. , Avasthi Devesh K. , Asokan Kandasami
Published: June 2017

Enhancement of the figure of merit (ZT) of thermoelectric materials is the topic of current research in energy studies. We report an enhancement in the thermoelectric power (TEP) of thermally evaporated PbTe thin films by low energy Ag ion implantation. This implantation results in PbTe:Ag nanocomposites. Implantations were carried out at a 130 keV Ag ion beam with ion fluences of 3 × 1015, 1.5 × 1016, 3 × 1016, and 4.5 × 1016 ions/cm2. The atomic concentrations were determined using Rutherford backscattering and found to be 1 at. %, 5 at. %, 10 at. %, and 14 at. % in the implanted PbTe films. Scanning electron microscopy images show the presence of fine cracks on the surface of as-deposited PbTe thin films that get shortened and suppressed and finally disappear at higher fluences of Ag ion implantation. The TEP measurements, from 300 K to 400 K, show ∼25% enhancement in the Seebeck coefficient of the Ag ion implanted films in comparison to the pristine PbTe thin film. The synchrotron based high resolution X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations reveal the formation of Ag2Te in the surface layer after Ag ion implantation.
Effect of nanoscale flows on the surface structure of nanoporous catalysts
Authors: Montemore Matthew M. , Montessori Andrea , Succi Sauro , Barroo Cédric , Falcucci Giacomo , Bell David C. , Kaxiras Efthimios
Published: June 2017

The surface structure and composition of a multi-component catalyst are critical factors in determining its catalytic performance. The surface composition can depend on the local pressure of the reacting species, leading to the possibility that the flow through a nanoporous catalyst can affect its structure and reactivity. Here, we explore this possibility for oxidation reactions on nanoporous gold, an AgAu bimetallic catalyst. We use microscopy and digital reconstruction to obtain the morphology of a two-dimensional slice of a nanoporous gold sample. Using lattice Boltzmann fluid dynamics simulations along with thermodynamic models based on first-principles total-energy calculations, we show that some sections of this sample have low local O2 partial pressures when exposed to reaction conditions, which leads to a pure Au surface in these regions, instead of the active bimetallic AgAu phase. We also explore the effect of temperature on the surface structure and find that moderate temperatures (≈300–450 K) should result in the highest intrinsic catalytic performance, in apparent agreement with experimental results.