bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Niños y niñas en situación de calle: territorios, vínculos y políticas sociales
Authors: Lenta María Malena
Published: May 2014

Se indagó en los procesos de construcción de la identidad, sentidos sobre el cuerpo y vínculos sociales de chicos y chicas en situación de calle en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se interpeló a las políticas sociales como reproductoras de exclusión social frente a la retórica de integralidad de derechos. Con enfoque cualitativo y crítico, se realizó un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 15 niños, niñas y adolescentes. Se implementó observación participante, relato de vida y grupos focales. La reproducción de la exclusión social se observó en la falta de registro de necesidades desde las políticas de infancia, en las violencias de los discursos sociales y en los estereotipos de género.
Diferencias en felicidad general entre las personas sin hogar en Madrid (España)
Authors: Panadero Sonia , Vázquez José Juan , Guillén Ana Isabel , Martín Rosa María , Cabrera Héctor
Published: May 2014

El trabajo analiza diferentes aspectos relacionados con la felicidad general manifestada por una muestra representativa de las personas sin hogar en Madrid (España), un colectivo de difícil acceso, fuertemente estigmatizado, que vive en situación de extrema pobreza. La muestra se encuentra compuesta por 235 personas sin hogar, mayores de edad, que la noche anterior a la realización de la entrevista habían pernoctado en un albergue para personas sin hogar, en la calle o en otros lugares no diseñados inicialmente para dormir, o que en el momento de la entrevista se encontraran en dispositivos de alojamiento supervisados para personas sin hogar. La información se recogió a través de una entrevista estructurada heteroaplicada. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que cerca de la mitad de las personas sin hogar en Madrid manifestaba ser feliz, observándose que los elementos que en mayor medida ayudan a predecir felicidad general entre las personas sin hogar fueron no sentirse solos o  abandonados, no padecer discapacidad o minusvalía, no tener ninguna enfermedad grave o crónica, tener buenas expectativas de futuro, identificarse con alguna creencia religiosa y tener una percepción positiva del propio estado de salud.
Personas sin techo: ¿cuáles son mis derechos? Una experiencia comunitaria a través de la fotografía
Authors: Nina Ruth , Ostolaza Cesar , Rodríguez Francisco
Published: May 2014

El presente artículo describe una experiencia comunitaria, en forma de taller, que surgió ante la necesidad de trabajar, desde otras metodologías, con la población de personas sin techo. El taller se sustenta en la estrategia pedagógica de Ander-Egg (2000), “aprender haciendo algo”, conjuntamente con la fotografía, como un medio de expresión para poder reflexionar sobre los derechos de las personas sin techo desde el contexto de los derechos humanos. Los derechos humanos objeto de análisis fueron los de vivienda, salud, alimentación y trabajo. De igual forma, se reflexionó sobre la cotidianidad de cada uno de los participantes. En estos talleres participaron siete personas sin techo (una mujer y seis hombres) con un promedio de edad de 51 años y una educación de escuela superior incompleta. Al momento de emprender los talleres todos habían vivido más de un año fuera de un hogar estable y eran residentes de Río Piedras. Los participantes fueron adiestrados en torno al uso de la cámara fotográfica, con el propósito de documentar experiencias de convivencia social y derechos humanos. Se ofrecieron cinco talleres en su totalidad, uno por cada eje temático. Los participantes, a través del lente fotográfico debían plasmar los temas trabajados en el taller. Cada participante fotografió un promedio de 16 fotos, obteniendo el facilitador una totalidad de 114 fotografías. Las imágenes fueron presentadas por sus creadores y discutidas en una actividad pública. Se concluye que esta población posee una visión crítica sobre su realidad de vida, reconociendo diversos obstáculos que enfrentan en su cotidianeidad.
Autoestima y apoyo social como predictores de la resiliencia en un grupo de adolescentes en vulnerabilidad social
Authors: Leiva Loreto , Pineda Marcela , Encina Yonatan
Published: May 2014

El objetivo de este estudio fue probar un modelo integrado de resiliencia, de tal forma de establecer relaciones predictivas y de moderación entre factores protectores a nivel individual ‒autoestima‒ y factores protectores a nivel psicosocial ‒apoyo social familiar y entre pares‒. Todo ello en una muestra de 195 adolescentes, entre 14 y 19 años, quienes viven y estudian en contextos de alta vulnerabilidad socioeconómica en la comuna de Puente Alto, en la ciudad de Santiago. El diseño fue no experimental de corte transversal. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el apoyo social familiar y de las amistades resultaron ser significativos para explicar los niveles de resiliencia; sin embargo, el apoyo social percibido a nivel familiar resultó ser más importante que el apoyo social percibido a nivel de las amistades. Al indagar en los mecanismos específicos, se pudo observar que el apoyo social familiar juega un rol moderador en la relación entre la autoestima y la resiliencia. En ese sentido el apoyo social tendría un efecto diferencial importante: en los adolescentes con bajos niveles de autoestima podría actuar como un "amortiguador" de los eventos estresantes, en ausencia de un autoconcepto y autovaloración elevados; en cambio en los adolescentes con altos niveles de autoestima el apoyo social percibido tendría un menor peso relativo, puesto que el individuo sería capaz de hacer frente a las adversidades confiando en sus recursos personales.
Carta del Director Diciembre 2011
Authors: Martínez Ventura Jaime Edwin
Published: May 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v1i1.1380Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 1(1) 2011: 13-14
Homicidios en la Alcaldía Mayor de Sonsonate, 1786-1820: un acercamiento a las motivaciones de violencia
Authors: Linares Acevedo Josselin Ivettee
Published: May 2014

En la actualidad los homicidios son un tema bastante discutido en El Salvador, lo que no se sabe es que este delito ha estado presente en todas las épocas del país, un caso interesante es el de la Alcaldía Mayor de Sonsonate, que para finales del periodo colonial contaba con una cantidad considerable de asesinatos. Estos se daban por diferentes motivaciones que hacían cambiar, en muchas ocasiones, los comportamientos de los individuos, creando actitudes violentas ante cualquier situación que, según ellos, ameritaba tal comportamiento. Las motivaciones que provocaron este delito, en su mayoría estuvieron estrechamente relacionadas con la embriaguez. Además, el honor, las pasiones y la defensa propia representaron los motivos más sobresalientes para cometer el crimen. No dejando de lado aquellos crímenes por deudas, los que se dieron dentro de los hogares-esposos que asesinaron a sus mujeres- y los que no tuvieron ningún motivo: los accidentales.  Este delito  era considerado uno de los más graves y conmovieron a la sociedad de aquella época. Los indios eran considerados los más propensos a cometer homicidios, según las autoridades la ignorancia era el factor clave para generar actitudes como éstas.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v1i1.1393
Web: Seguridad y crimen organizado transnacional
Authors: Morales Peña Juan Carlos
Published: May 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v1i2.1372Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 2(1) 2012: 323
Cine: Hijos de la guerra
Authors: Morales Peña Juan Carlos
Published: May 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v1i2.1377
Role and working conditions of hospital nurse managers: A binational study from Peru and Mexico
Authors: Córdova Maria Isabel Peñarrieta-de , Castañeda-Hidalgo Hortensia , Acevedo-Porras Gloria , Rangel-Torres Socorro , González-Salinas Fernanda , Garza-Hernández Rosalinda
Published: May 2014

Purpose: To examine perceptions and experiences of nurses working in Peru and Mexico about their management role and working conditions at the hospital. Methods: Twenty four focus groups were conducted with 164 nurses. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using a content analysis technique. Results: Themes identified were: regarding their perception of their role identifies two aspects: management and nursing staff and resources and motivation and commitment to the management function of nursing care, with regard to working conditions are identified: workload and number of nurses deficiency, deficiency in resources to perform the work of nurses and a need for recognition in its management function, also was identified an issue related to the training of undergraduate and graduate students, by identifying a disagreement with current training in undergraduate nursing professionals, as well as the need for continuing education in the management function. Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand the impact of nursing management in patient care and outcomes at hospitals in Latin America. Implications for practice: Understanding the role and working conditions of nurse managers could inform management policies in Peru and Mexico and address the nurse shortage affecting Latin America.
The Effects of Planning on Writing Narrative Task Performance with Low and High EFL Proficiency
Authors: Rahimpour Massoud , Jahan Roghayyeh
Published: May 2014

The impetus of the present study was to scrutinize the impact of planning and proficiency on 172 EFL learners’ written task performance regarding concept load, fluency, complexity and accuracy. Planning was operationalized at two levels: pretask planning (PTP) and on- line planning (OLP). Participants of this study were two groups, high and low proficiency learners who were randomly chosen. The first group was required to plan for their performance for 10 minutes and take notes before they performed the tasks, whilst the participants in the second group began writing immediately and took time as long as they like. The participants’ performances were then analyzed utilizing paired samples t-test. The results of statistical analysis showed that low-proficiency learners appear to benefit more from planning time with respect to concept load, fluency, and complexity. On the other hand, high-proficiency learners were advantaged by planning time concerning concept load and accuracy.
The Use of Persian in the EFL Classroom–The Case of English Teaching and Learning at Pre-university Level in Iran
Authors: Mahmoudi Leila , Amirkhiz Seyed
Published: May 2014

Inspired by the rise of Communicative Language Teaching, some scholars have vehemently rejected any use of L1 in L2 learning classes (e.g., Atkinson, 1987) while others have advocated the use of L1 as an efficient tool to facilitate communication (e.g., Nation, 2003). However, caution has been raised against the excessive use of L1 (Nation, 2001). This study was conducted to observe classroom dynamics in terms of the quantity of use of L1 in two randomly-selected pre-university English classes in Ahvaz, Iran. The objective was to seek both students and teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards the use of L1 in L2 classes. The classes were observed and video-taped for 6 sessions and the teachers and four high-achieving/low-achieving students were interviewed. The findings showed that an excessive use of Persian could have a de-motivating effect on students. Hence, the interviewed students voiced dissatisfaction with the untimely use and domination of L1 in L2 classes.
On the Interaction of Test Washback and Teacher Assessment Literacy: The Case of Iranian EFL Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Kiomrs Razavipour , Abdolmehdi Riazi , Naser Rashidi
Published: May 2014

It is by now well established that teacher characteristics play a major role in the way high stakes tests impact education (Alderson and Hamp-Lyons 1996). What remains an open question, however, is specifying the type of characteristics that have the potential to moderate the backwash effects of tests. This study was designed to isolate the effects of teachers’ assessment literacy in moderating the washback effects of summative tests in the EFL context of Iran. A test of assessment literacy and a questionnaire on English language teaching practices were administered to 53 EFL secondary school teachers. Results show that teachers are suffering from a poor knowledge base in assessment and no matter how assessment literate they are; they do tailor their English teaching and testing to the demands of external tests. However, more assessment literate EFL teachers seem to be more likely to include non-washback practices in their English teaching. The implications for teacher training and teachers’ professional development programs are then discussed.
Contribution to Vocabulary Learning via Mobiles
Authors: Khazaie Saeed , Ketabi Saeed
Published: May 2014

As mobile connectedness continues to sweep across the landscape, the value of deploying mobile technology at the service of learning and teaching seems to be both self-evident and unavoidable. To this end, this study employed multimedia to develop three types of vocabulary learning materials. Due to the importance of short-term memory in the realm of vocabulary learning, careful consideration was given to the L2 learners’ different visual and verbal short-term memories. 158 L2 learners aged 18-23 participated in the major phases of vocabulary learning experiment through mobile. Based on their scores on the English Vocabulary and Recall tests and statistical analysis of the results it was revealed that L2 learners with high-visual and high-verbal abilities find it easier to learn the content presented with both pictorial and written annotations. However, L2 learners with low-visual and low-verbal abilities benefit from learning materials presented without annotations. Furthermore, delivery of learning materials with pictorial annotation to learners with high-visual ability and the delivery of learning materials with written annotation to learners with high-verbal ability result in better vocabulary learning. The findings of this study could perform as a roadmap in creating learning materials for mobile learning English language.
A Descriptive-Comparative Analysis of Apology Strategies: The case of Iranian EFL and Malaysian ESL University Students
Authors: Farashaiyan Atieh , Amirkhiz Seyed
Published: May 2014

This paper reports on a study that was carried out to describe and compare the apology strategies utilized by Iranian EFL and Malaysian ESL learners in confronting identical apology situations. For this purpose, data were elicited from 15 Iranian and 15 Malaysian students through a Discourse completion tasks questionnaire. The participants were of the same language proficiency. Results of the study showed certain similarities and differences in terms of frequency and typology of strategies used by Iranian and Malaysian students. The findings of this study might be of pedagogical help and significance to teachers, students and those interested in pragmatics in general and apology speech act in particular.
Characteristics of English Teachers when Training Global Multi Cultural Students (Sinop Sample)
Authors: USAKLI Hakan
Published: May 2014

Language teaching, particularly English language teaching was discussed in this study. That is why it is integral to the globalization. The study demonstrates that problems addressed from the aspects of administration, educational program and psychology can indeed be generalized to all. This study is conducted according to qualitative research methods. 60 English teachers explained their ideas on qualifications and teaching standards. As a conclusion, it was emphasized that English learning is a life style rather than simply being a preparation for passing examination. It is recommended for researchers to study on possible problems of multicultural education and their way of solutions.
Establishing a Comprehensive English Teaching Pattern Combining the Communicative Teaching Method and the Grammar-Translation Method
Authors: Kong Na
Published: May 2014

Based on the current contradiction between the grammar-translation method and the communicative teaching method in English teaching, this paper, starting with clarifying the task of comprehensive English as well as the definition of the two teaching methods, objectively analyzes their advantages and disadvantages and proposes establishing a new method by fusing them with an elaboration on the reasonability of combining them in the practical teaching of comprehensive English with their complementary advantages.
Getting to Know L2 Poor Comprehenders
Authors: Zoghi Masoud , Mustapha Ramlee , Maasum Tengku
Published: May 2014

Among the plethora of studies conducted thus far to explore the factors affecting EFL reading effectiveness, scant attention seems to be paid to the why of poor reading comprehension of most EFL learners. In this regard, the present article capitalized on qualitative research on a small scale, for the purpose of addressing the not-so-often-debated issue of unsuccessful EFL reading competency in the Iranian context. In fact, the purpose of the article was to explore the degree of Iranian EFL learners' awareness of reading comprehension strategies and their potential comprehension failure. To this end, 12 EFL university-level students were interviewed, using a researcher-developed interview questionnaire. An analysis of student data interview revealed that there is an instructional void as regards to reading strategy training in the Iranian educational settings. Ultimately, based on the findings of the study, recommendations for future investigations are discussed.
Marxist or Feminist Approaches to Sports Management Are There Traits in A Modern Days Society
Authors: Arnott Ian
Published: May 2014

Many scholars have attempted to apply various theories in the field of sport (Bordieu, 1984 & Brainer 2007).  This particular area looks at the relationship between Marxism to the sociology of sport and how it has influenced societal structures as well as the impact it has had on the economy. Though these theories are useful on exploring the general nature of sport, questions may be raised on have they influenced the way sports is managed today also? It is widely accepted that management theories have been influenced by industry and that many scholars have used Marxism and feminist approaches to form some sort of construct of this. However does one or two apply to all? And are they appropriate to areas such as the service industry that sport falls in too? This paper attempts to look at how Marxism may have had some influence on sports management through capitalists, masculinity and power and the weld it has had on females developing in such a field because of its deeply held roots. And more importantly possibly oppressed feminism in this field. There are also arguments made because of such oppression by the male domination that they have used sports as a vehicle to segregate society and influence the direction of sports management. Therefore the discussion in its true entirety at most is a snapshot of how one theory dominates the area of sports management and how it impinges on others both on their application and development.
Vol. 3, No. 3, October 2010
Authors: IBR Editor
Published: May 2014

Vol. 3, No. 3, October 2010
Study on Transferring Price Problem of Multinational Corporations
Authors: Dai Xiling
Published: May 2014

With the development of global economic integration trend, multinational corporations have already become the main body of economic activity in the world today, and the transferring price of the multinational corporations have already become the most attractive business secret weapon in the multinational corporations operating. At first, the paper discusses the definition, species and roles of the multinational corporations then analyses the motivation of the multinational corporations using transferring price. At last, the paper proposes the suggestions to consummate management mechanism of transferring price, based on analyzing the harm for the multinational corporations to misuse the transferring price.
How will market orientation and external environmnet influence the performance among SMEs in the agri-food sector in Malaysia?
Authors: Abd Aziz Norzalita , Mohd Yasin Norjaya
Published: May 2014

Abstract  Many researchers have explored the relationship between market orientation and firm performance in manufacturing and services industries but such studies in agri-food SMEs are scarce. Previous research conducted has conceptually and empirically supported the notion that market orientation  independently  or collectively have positive correlations with  the business  performance of organization (such as Narver and Slater, 1990; Jaworski and Kohli, 1993; Lee and Peterson, 2000). The aim of this paper is to examine the marketing practices and the marketing orientation-business performance relationship among SMEs in agri-food sector in Malaysia.  This study also investigated the role of the external environment in the market orientation-performance linkage. From an analysis of a survey data of 102 agri- food organizations, three dimensions namely customer-competitor orientation, inter-functional coordination and information dissemination extracted from factor analysis result of market orientation. The study revealed that customer-competitor orientation and information dissemination were positively related to business performance. In terms of the role of external environment, two dimensions produced by factor analysis, market-technology turbulence and competitive intensity did not moderate the relationship between market orientation and business performance. Findings are discussed and implications are highlighted. Keywords: Market Orientation, External Environment, Business Performance
Housing Crises: A Theoretical Study of the Home Building Industry in Nigeria
Authors: Nnanna Ugo Joseph
Published: May 2014

The paper examines the housing problems in Nigeria and the home building market on an international viability landscape with special references to the Nigerian housing sector. The paper creates a platform for a global building industry company that is well capitalized through a series of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Furthermore, the emphasis on the establishment of a global building company is imperative because of its role in developing and emerging housing markets where home ownership has just commenced and mortgage financing is rare.
Gaming of Strategy--Strategic Realignment of Chinese Dairy Industry
Authors: Shan Liqin , An Jinzhao
Published: May 2014

Over the past ten-odd years, the dizzying prosperity and rapid  development achieved in Chinese Dairy Industrial t actually covered  up a fundamental defect concerning the strategy, which eventually led to the "Melamine Event”. Today, the troubled waters have been poured oil on, but it still needs time to be recovered. China's Dairy Industry, which suffered heavy losses and casualties, is about to seek for a transformation and will have to help himself out of the crisis. This paper will apply the game theory of "Prisoner's Dilemma" case to reflect the strategic defects appeared in the early dairy industrial development, with the combination of the new changes in the dairy industrial development environment after "Melamine Event”, it also points out that the key to revitalize the domestic dairy enterprises is to put the emphasis on the nature of the dairy industry itself, to return to consumers standard, to try to establish the undifferentiated marketing strategy and differentiated marketing strategy system.
Technology market in the European Union
Authors: HYZ ALINA BARBARA
Published: May 2014

<!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-hyphenate:none; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language:AR-SA;} p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText {margin-top:0cm; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:6.0pt; margin-left:0cm; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-hyphenate:none; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language:AR-SA;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> The common market of factors of production in the European Union (EU) involves the free movement of labour factor, financial capital and innovation/technology. Technology as a separate factor of production in an integrating area is rarely incorporated into theoretical analysis. From a theoretical point of view, there are different relationships between various segments of the market of factors of production. Importance and strength of the relationship between them changes with each shift in the economic development of the EU member countries and deepening of integration processes. No doubt, however, that the central element becomes innovations / technologies, that lead to structural changes and local changes in integrating areas. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to assess the progress of the integration processes on the technology market in the EU and the identification of the relationship between this segment of the market of factors of production and its remaining segments. The first part of the article presents the technology as a factor of production in an integrating area. Next we describe the influence of R&D on the region’s competitiveness and we identify the main characteristics of the technology market in the European Union.  The main aim of the next part of the paper is to indicate the role of international business in the creation and transfer of technology in the European Union. The analysis conducted in the paper is based on specialist literature and statistical data.
Structure Design and Stable-balancing Control of a Kind of Wire-moving Robot
Authors: Guo Lei , Lu Guanglei , Liao Qizheng , Cui Yanbo , Liu Dongqiang , Guo Deng , Hu Zeyan
Published: May 2014

Wire-moving robots are mechanical systems that can maintain their balance and move on tightropes. Their name comes from the manner in which tightrope walkers maintain their balance by rolling or moving a pole from left to right. In order to investigate the internal laws of these systems and to apply a mechanism of self-balance control to them, a new mechanical structure for wire-moving robots is presented here. This structure consists of a rotational pole and a translational pole coupled with each other in a parallelogram. The robot is an underactuated system. A dynamic model of the robot is established here based on the Lagrange method, and the controller of the system was designed using a partial feedback linearization control algorithm. Finally, the efficiency of the algorithm and the stabilization were verified by computer simulation and experimentation using a prototype.
Contamination of food with newspaper ink: An evidence-informed decision making (EIDM) case study of homemade dessert
Authors: Zhou Richard X. , Stanley Ralph , Le Maria
Published: May 2014

In this evidence-informed decision making case study report, the authors discuss three public health concerns: (1) home food preparation businesses, (2) right of entry into a private residence, and (3) food contamination by newspaper ink including chronic health effects related to other trace toxins exposure. Home food preparation businesses have proliferated throughout Ontario following the prevalence of Internet access. Private residences are increasingly used for the preparation of food for public consumption, offering a full array of products, and extending in scope to encompass a broad range of commercial catering businesses. The major concerns for Public Health are a lack of food safety knowledge and inadequate facilities to protect food from contamination and adulteration at these home-based businesses. Legal restrictions limit Public Health Inspectors’ access to a private residence, regardless of the known or anticipated health concerns. In this particular case, food was prepared in the garage of a single-family home and then delivered by truck to commercial units in a strip plaza for further processing. In this case, chemical contamination of food from the use of recycled newspaper to drain excess cooking oil from fried donuts raised serious health concerns. Researchers report that newspaper ink contains ingredients such as Naphthylamine, amoratic hydrocarbons, and other aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists that have multiple negative health effects.
Clostridium perfringens outbreak associated with roast beef supper fundraising event
Authors: Sanford Carolyn , Morrison Heather , Neale Ryan , Sweet Lamont
Published: May 2014

Epidemiological, environmental, and microbiological investigations were conducted to investigate the source of a gastrointestinal illness from a community take-out church supper related outbreak in Prince Edward Island in April 2012. There were 209 probable cases that met the case definition and 85 controls. Although the majority of cases and controls consumed the roast beef, the cases more likely picked up their meals later in the day than the controls. Clostridium perfringens was lab confirmed in 3 stool samples. Food samples contained elevated levels of C. perfringens in addition to other pathogens. Clostridium perfringens was the most likely etiology of the church fundraiser outbreak. The reheating temperature was not sufficient to destroy any toxin producing spores in the large volume of meat on the trays. This organism has been implicated as a common source of foodborne outbreaks, especially when large amounts of food are not properly prepared in advance. Volunteers require adequate training before preparing, cooking, or reheating potentially hazardous foods served at community organized events. Proper education, inspection, and licensing must be reinforced for these types of events, so that meals are not prepared in contraction with the Public Health Act.
Pedicure-associated infections
Authors: Choi Elizabeth , Reilly Kristen , Sargent Robbyn , Wells Victoria
Published: May 2014

Mycobacterium infections are the most frequently reported infections associated with pedicures. There is a limited number of studies regarding pedicure-associated infections, especially in Ontario. There is also insufficient and inconsistent evidence related to infection control procedures for pedicure services. The existing studies on pedicures established an association between shaving legs before a pedicure and mycobacterium infections. Build-up of organic debris in the whirlpool is also linked to mycobacterium infections. Many of the studies were outbreak investigations that were able to trace the infections back to specific nail salons. Several studies ascertained isolate-specific antibiotic sensitivities and resistances.
Assessing the effectiveness of calorie labeling on restaurant menus
Authors: Kitchlu Nikhil , Khan Sana , Shahlaei Mastaneh , Vukmirovic Marija
Published: May 2014

The purpose of this study was to determine if the presence of calorie labels on restaurant menus decreases caloric consumption among restaurant patrons. This was done using a literature search abstraction of relevant articles and appraisal of selected articles. Findings were inconclusive relating to a change in calorie consumption following the introduction of calorie labeled menus. Over one-third of study subjects desired nutritional labeling on restaurant menus and of those 44.2% specifically prefered calorie labeling. Additional research is needed to address factors that influence meal-related decision making and to address menu labeling in relation to the Canadian population. It was concluded that consumers desire calorie labeled menus and that overall findings related to the efficacy of the use of nutritional labels on restaurant menus are inconclusive.
New IPCC climate models released: Understanding the planning implications for water resiliency
Authors: Urich Peter , Kouwenhoven Peter , Freas Kathy , Van Der Tak Laurens
Published: May 2014

Assessment reports (ARs) from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have been a comprehensive source of information for various entities since 1990, guiding policies, strategies, planning, and attitudes relating to climate change; the authors compare AR4 of 2007 and AR5, which is being released in four parts.
An unwanted licorice odor in a West Virginia water supply
Authors: McGuire Michael J. , Rosen Jeffrey , Whelton Andrew J. , Suffet I.H.
Published: May 2014

After the headline‐making chemical spill into West Virginia's Elk River in January 2014 affected nine counties and left residents with a licorice odor in their tap water, an expert‐panel study was conducted to better understand the spill's odor characteristics.
Parler en amour et parler de l’amour
Authors: Labrecque-Lebeau Lisandre
Published: May 2014

Une part significative de nos échanges et interactions quotidiennes est ménagée à la question de l’amour et des rapports amoureux. C’est en effet par l’interaction et la conversation quotidienne que l’onentreen relation, que l’on parledenotre relation, que l’on parle des situationsdes autres, etc. À l’aide d’une méthodologie novatrice, le débriefing conversationnel, nous avons eu l’occasion de nous pencher sur les thématiques prégnantes de la normativité et de l’individualité contemporaine présentes dans les récits de conversation de participants variés. Nous proposons de présenter nos résultats de recherche selon trois moments de l’interaction qui ressortent de notre terrain d’enquête : 1) Comment parle-t-on de l’amour ? 2) Comment parle-t-on en amour ? et finalement : 3) Comment reçoit-on ces conversationsenamour etsurl’amour ? Nous aimerions ainsi mieux comprendre comment et de quelles manières les expériences de sociabilité contemporaines contribuent à construire les normes amoureuses.
Le cinéma de Denys Arcand comme analyseur de la marche tranquille du Québec vers l’érotique sociale des nations
Authors: Messu Michel
Published: May 2014

La Révolution tranquille au Québec a bien marqué une rupture, symbolique et réelle, avec le cours de son histoire. C’est en rompant avec le poids des tabous religieux en matière de représentations et de comportements sexuels, aussi bien dans le domaine des oeuvres symboliques et esthétiques (littérature, théâtre, cinéma, peinture, productions de la mode …) que dans celui des manières d’être des populations, des générations, des classes d’âge, que la société québécoise s’est trouvée participer à l’émergence de ce que Michel Maffesoli appelle aujourd’hui un Homo eroticus. De ce point de vue, le cinéma de Denys Arcand peut être tenu pour une expression symbolique de ce mouvement des sociétés. Ancré dans la société québécoise, il aura néanmoins fourni, à l’échelle globale, le miroir dans lequel nous sommes amenés à saisir la force de l’érotisme dans le mouvement de nos sociétés. C’est pourquoi nous parlons d’érotique sociale des nations et engageons la sociologie à introduire la dimension érotique dans ses analyses.
De la monogamie au « polygaming »…
Authors: Lardellier Pascal
Published: May 2014

Les sites de rencontres ont favorisé l’essor d’un « papillonnage » numérique intensif. Maints inscrits de ces sites inventent à leur corps défendant de nouvelles manières d’aimer, déliées des exigences de la fidélité ou de l’inscription dans la durée. Les cadres normatifs évoluent, alors qu’Internet offre désormais à la rencontre amoureuse de nouveaux terrains de « drague » et des modalités technologiques et relationnelles augmentées. Ce dispositif permet l’émergence de rapports d’un nouveau genre, tout en industrialisant la rencontre amoureuse. Le polygaming est une solution de rechange sentimentalo-sexuelle bousculant la monogamie instituée en favorisant l’essor de relations ludiques, plurielles, transitoires, fondées sur un consensus hédoniste plus que sur un engagement long, et prenant les sites de rencontre comme dispositif stratégique. Cet article propose une théorisation du polygaming. Il s’agit d’en saisir les grands principes, et d’en mettre au jour le système de valeurs, au fil d’un parcours prenant plus largement en compte les bouleversements induits par les TIC dans le paysage de la rencontre amoureuse depuis quelques années.
S’aimer à l’heure du numérique : la relation conjugale à l’épreuve de l’hyperconnectivité
Authors: Demonceaux Sophie
Published: May 2014

L’introduction des nouveaux objets connectés (NOC) dans les foyers vient réinterroger la relation conjugale. Avec les objets nomades, le couple doit faire face à un individualisme connecté. Ils amplifient notamment la privatisation des territoires dans l’espace domestique semblant de ce fait affecter la conversation conjugale. À travers notre enquête, nous avons constaté que les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) peuvent certes avoir un impact négatif sur la relation de couple, mais peuvent a contrario venir renforcer la relation en donnant entre autres une nouvelle place à l’écrit dans la communication conjugale. Des différences apparaissent toutefois selon les types de couples : fusionnels, individualisés et numériques. Tous ne vivent pas et ne gèrent pas les NOC de la même manière.
Les formes de l’amour dans la ville imaginée de Santiago du Chili
Authors: Campos Medina Luis
Published: May 2014

Depuis 2001 le concours « Santiago en 100 palabras » est organisé annuellement à la ville de Santiago. Il s’agit d’un concours littéraire de textes de moins de cent mots dont les gagnants sont publiés dans les trains et les quais du métro dans les panneaux destinés à la publicité. À travers l’analyse d’un corpus de micro-récits du concours, j’essaie de comprendre l’expérience amoureuse urbaine actuelle et d’identifier certaines des formes dont les gens conçoivent et expérimentent l’émergence de l’amour dans la ville de Santiago. Dans mon analyse, j’ai identifié quatre perspectives thématiques pour traiter l’émergence du sentiment amoureux dans les micro-récits. J’ai prêté une attention particulière aux modes de relation entre les individus dans le cadre d’une expérience urbaine contemporaine caractérisée par l’anonymat et l’indifférence. Ensuite, j’ai expliqué la modalité spécifique à travers laquelle les micro-récits agissent sur l’imaginaire, en agissant sur les lecteurs des textes. J’ai conclu avec des hypothèses à propos des formes de l’amour dans la ville imaginaire de Santiago.
Sexualité des adolescents et concurrence des classes sociales
Authors: Wouters Cas , Sibold Christian
Published: May 2014

Cette étude a pour but de comparer l’évolution du processus sociologique des bonnes sociétés néerlandaises et américaines depuis les années 1880, alors que les usages pourfaire la courétaient encore sous le contrôle strict des parents. Elle décrit de quelle manière le système derendez-vousaux États-Unis, celui duverkeringaux Pays-Bas (un « engagement » informel analogue à celui de « sortir ensemble »), ainsi que la propagation de nouvelles directives parentales pour « rester dans le coup », permirent aux jeunes de s’émanciper de la domination de leurs parents. Lorsqu’entre 1945 et 1965, le concept de « sortir ensemble » prit de l’importance aux États-Unis, les trajectoires de ces deux pays convergèrent. Il fut cependant à noter qu’après la révolution sexuelle, le traditionnel tabou du sexe avant le mariage redevint prédominant aux États-Unis alors qu’il diminua drastiquement aux Pays-Bas lorsque les parents néerlandais autorisèrent de plus en plus leurs adolescents à avoir des relations sexuelles, même sous leur toit. En s’appuyant sur les recherches en sexologie, mais aussi sur l’étude de livres de moeurs, l’auteur décrit les deux trajectoires de la réglementation du sexe avant le mariage. Il explique comment elles furent intimement liées aux différences nationales en matière de réglementation de la compétition sociale, de l’équilibre de pouvoir entre les classes, du sexe et des générations, et enfin du niveau d’intégration sociale de ces nations.
Travail sur Soi et justice réparatrice : comptes rendus d’une mise en pratique
Authors: Dubois Christophe , Vrancken Didier
Published: May 2014

Alors même que la prison se caractérise par des problèmes récurrents de surpopulation et d’indigence, une ambitieuse politique pénitentiaire, initiée en Belgique en l’an 2000, visait à orienter la culture carcérale vers la « justice réparatrice ». Que dire, aujourd’hui, de cette tentative d’introduction en prison des notions de victime, de restauration de la relation perturbée, de responsabilisation et de sensibilisation ? La présente contribution propose d’abord un aperçu descriptif et illustratif de cette politique pénitentiaire, à travers deux comptes-rendus de situations auxquelles elle a donné naissance. Ensuite, elle souligne le caractère innovant ainsi que les limites de cette politique de travail sur Soi qui, tissant autour du détenu un réseau d’intervenants multiples et de dispositifs participatifs, mobilise ses capacités réflexives et créatrices.
L’engagement en présence : l’atelier de théâtre-action comme support à une participation sociale et politique ?
Authors: Brahy Rachel
Published: May 2014

Les ateliers de théâtre-action se présentent comme un espace original d’observation de la mise en commun et de l’engagement dans l’action. Les participants qui pénètrent ces dispositifs sont, en effet, appelés à se coordonner sous un format tout à fait particulier qui en appelle à la confiance, au présentisme, mais aussi aux corps et énergies de chacun. À partir de la sociologie des régimes d’engagement de Laurent Thévenot (Thévenot, 2006) et d’observations empiriques récentes, sera ainsi éclairée une modalité particulière de l’engagement, que nous nommerons « engagement en présence ». Plus exactement, dans cet article, nous tenterons de prendre la mesure : 1) de mutations relatives au contexte sociohistorique et qui impactent sur l’intervention théâtrale contemporaine ; 2) de la manifestation actuelle d’une réalité empirique visant la formation d’un « être avec » ; 3) de la possibilité d’une intégration théorique de l’« engagement en présence » à une sociologie de l’action.
L’engagement des jeunes en situation de marginalité : une part d’ombre ?
Authors: Greissler Élisabeth
Published: May 2014

À partir des résultats d’une thèse de doctorat portant sur l’engagement de jeunes en situation de marginalité, cet article vise à mettre en évidence des formes d’engagement difficiles à appréhender. Étant discrètes, certaines prises de position inscrites dans la proximité, dans des gestes quotidiens automatiques, représentent en effet un enjeu d’invisibilité et posent un problème de conceptualisation. Or des jeunes expriment leur besoin de participer, en investissant ce que l’on pourrait appeler un espace d’engagement « intermédiaire » ou une « arrière-scène participative », comme ils développent une « stratégie de résistance » pour exister dans l’espace social. Notre objectif est de comprendre ces prises de position.
Bien plus que de la musique ! Le punk rock comme force de participation sociale et politique
Authors: Hein Fabien
Published: May 2014

Le DIY (Do It Yourself) constitue le régime d’engagement majeur de la scène punk rock. Il en est « l’arrière-scène ». Ce régime, fondé sur la célébration de l’action ne revêt pas seulement une dimension artistique et culturelle. Il recouvre également une dimension sociale et politique animée par un puissant désir de corriger certains déséquilibres sociaux en participant concrètement à la vie de la cité. De ce fait, contrairement aux idées reçues, le régime d’engagement punk rock s’avère objectivement structurant. Cet article entend en mesurer les effets à la lumière de plusieurs exemples d’expériences participatives.
L’« expérience participative » des pobladores au Chili : entre résistance aux modes de gestion de la pauvreté et nouvelles formes de politisation
Authors: Angelcos Nicolás , Doran Marie-Christine
Published: May 2014

Cet article comporte une analyse de l’« expérience participative » développée par les pobladores chiliens (habitants de bidonvilles ou de faubourgs) face aux modes de gestion de la pauvreté mobilisés par l’État. L’hypothèse que nous voudrions démontrer est que l’implantation des stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté, à partir des années quatre-vingt au Chili, a été suivie d’une participation contestataire de la part des secteurs populaires, notamment par rapport aux orientations individualistes qui soutiennent le modèle politique chilien. Ce type de participation peut conformer la base des nouvelles formes de politisation du mouvement des pobladores.
Entre proximité et distance : le bénévolat dans un milieu de réadaptation
Authors: Gaucher Charles , Sévigny Andrée , Beauregard Line , Guindon Andréanne
Published: May 2014

Les transformations récentes du bénévolat ont conduit une équipe de recherche à mener une étude portant sur l’ancrage du bénévolat au sein d’un établissement de réadaptation en déficience physique. L’étude avait pour objectif de mieux comprendre les fondements sur lesquels s’appuie l’action bénévole dans cet établissement de même que les fonctions et la place qu’occupent les bénévoles dans les programmes. L’analyse des données récoltées dans le cadre de cette recherche a fait ressortir l’importance de conserver un équilibre entre la neutralité thérapeutique et la proximité affective des bénévoles de même qu’entre l’espace clinique et relationnel qu’ils occupent. Des pistes d’actions sont suggérées afin de conserver cet équilibre central à l’engagement libre et pertinent des bénévoles impliqués dans le milieu de la réadaptation.
Educação em saúde sobre asma brônquica na atenção primária
Authors: Kubo Aparecida Valéria , Nascimento Edinalva Neves
Published: May 2014

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi revisar a publicação de estudos brasileiros de educação em saúde sobre asma brônquica na atenção primária, em pacientes adultos e pediátricos. A Revisão foi realizada nas bases de dados BVS, SciELO e PubMed. Foram utilizados os descritores “asma”, “atenção básica”, “atenção primária”, “educação em saúde”, “Brasil” e “asthma”, “health education”, “Brazil associados”. Foram obtidos 14 artigos, sendo 9 de intervenção e 5 observacionais. Estes artigos foram publicados principalmente na base SciELO, entre os anos de 2008 e 2011. Concluiu-se que os estudos brasileiros de Educação em Saúde sobre asma são realizados, na maioria das vezes, em ambulatórios e hospitais universitários, necessitando de mais estudos que contemplem cenários de atenção primária à saúde.