bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Schneider–Siegel theorem for a family of values of a harmonic weak Maass form at Hecke orbits
Authors: Choi Dohoon , Lim Subong
Published: September 2019

Let

j
⁢

(
z
)

{j(z)}

be the modular j-invariant function.
Let τ be an algebraic number in the complex upper half plane

ℍ

{\mathbb{H}}

.
It was proved by Schneider and Siegel that if τ is not a CM point, i.e.,

[
ℚ

(
τ
)

:
ℚ
]

≠
2

{[\mathbb{Q}(\tau):\mathbb{Q}]\neq 2}

, then

j
⁢

(
τ
)

{j(\tau)}

is transcendental.
Let f be a harmonic weak Maass form of weight 0 on

Γ
0

⁢

(
N
)

{\Gamma_{0}(N)}

.
In this paper, we consider an extension of the results of Schneider and Siegel to a family of values of f on Hecke orbits of τ.
For a positive integer m, let

T
m

{T_{m}}

denote the m-th Hecke operator.
Suppose that the coefficients of the principal part of f at the cusp

i
⁢
∞

{i\infty}

are algebraic, and that f has its poles only at cusps equivalent to

i
⁢
∞

{i\infty}

.
We prove, under a mild assumption on f, that, for any fixed τ, if N is a prime such that

N
≥
23

{N\geq 23}

and

N
∉

{
23
,
29
,
31
,
41
,
47
,
59
,
71
}

{N\notin\{23,29,31,41,47,59,71\}}

, then

f

(

T
m

.
τ
)

{f(T_{m}.\tau)}

are transcendental for infinitely many positive integers m prime to N.
Indivisibility and Secession Clauses in Current Constitutions and the Prevalence of Secessionist Movements – Empirical Paper Series on Secession and Constitutionalism, Part 1 of 2
Authors: Beauséjour Anthony
Published: September 2019

Split into two parts, the Empirical Paper Series on Secession and Constitutionalism explores the relationship between constitutionalism and secession. While the second part of the article will examine the constitutional arrangement towards secession that prevailed in the states that had a region secede since 1900, this first part discusses the relationship between indivisibility and secession clauses in current constitutions and the prevalence of secessionist movements worldwide.

Virtually all consequentialist claims contained in existing scholarship concerning the relationship between constitutionalism and secession fall within either one of two doctrinal creeds. Whereas the Indivisibilist School asserts that indivisibility clauses best prevent secessionism and that secession clauses necessarily prompt this phenomenon, the Secessionist School maintains that prohibiting secession is counter-effective and that recognising it as a right can help defuse secessionism by avoiding confrontational tactics.

These claims are assessed on the basis on the Cohesion Dataset, the first-ever census of all constitutional arrangements regarding secession currently operative throughout the world. Contrarily to what existing doctrinal claims would suggest, the relationship between these various constitutional arrangements and secessionism is not linear, but rather U-shaped: both indivisibility and secession clauses are significantly associated with more secessionist activity than average. It is in fact constitutions where secession is neither permitted nor prohibited that are correlated with the least secessionist activity.
Naturalisation in the Czech Republic – The Gap between the Citizen and the State
Authors: Kandalec Pavel
Published: September 2019

This paper describes new legislation relating to citizenship of the Czech Republic, namely Act No 186/2013 Coll, and shows how wide the gap is between the law and the applicants’ expectations. It is based on an analysis of more than 1,600 naturalisation decisions from 2013–2016. This analysis made it possible to draw the conclusion that the decisive aspects for naturalisation are different from those perceived as important by the applicants themselves. The acquisition of Czech citizenship is not, in practice, conditional to making any extraordinary contribution or to a higher level of integration. The stipulated condition for naturalisation in the Czech Republic is the absence of any obstacle defined by the law. One of these possible obstacles is the conclusion that the applicant poses a risk to state security. Recently, there seems to be a trend, where particular attention is devoted to this criterion reflecting the actual fear of society.
The effect of positive thinking training on the quality of life of parents of adolescent with thalassemia
Authors: Sadeghloo Adeleh , Shamsaee Parna , Hesari Elham , Akhondzadeh Golbanhar , Hojjati Hamid
Published: September 2019

Introduction

Thalassemia, as the most common chronic hereditary blood disorder in humans, can impose many adverse effects on parents and their affected children. On the other hand, positive thinking is the method or the result of a positive focus on a constructive issue, so by teaching positive thinking, we can improve physical and social function, and promote emotional health and overall quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive thinking training on the quality of life of parents of adolescents with thalassemia.

Methods

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 52 parents of adolescents with thalassemia who attended Taleghani Hospital in Golestan province, Iran in 2017. Samples were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The positive thinking training (based on the theory of Martin Seligman) was carried out in the intervention group in 10 (45–60 min) sessions over a 5-week period. Data collection tools in this study were the World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and a demographic information questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using independent t-test, the paired t-test and a covariance test.

Results

The results of paired t-test showed a significant difference in the score of quality of life in intervention group before and after the intervention (p < 0.001). However, this test did not show any significant difference in the control group (p = 0.11). The covariance test, after removing the pre-test score, showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of the score of quality of life, so that 13% of the changes after the intervention were due to the intervention (p = 0.009, η = 0.13).

Conclusion

The positive thinking training increased the quality of life of parents of adolescents with thalassemia. Therefore, using this program can be an effective way of improving the quality of life of parents. Thus, positive thinking training is suggested to be used as an effective strategy for increasing the quality of life of parents with ill children.
Maximality, Function, and the Many
Authors: Francescotti Robert
Published: September 2019

In the region where some cat sits, there are many very cat-like items that are proper parts of the cat (or otherwise mereologically overlap the cat), but which we are inclined to think are not themselves cats, e.g. all of Tibbles minus the tail. The question is, how can something be so cat-like without itself being a cat. Some have tried to answer this “Problem of the Many” (a problem that arises for many different kinds of things we regularly encounter, including desks, persons, rocks, and clouds) by relying on a mereological maximality principle, according to which, something cannot be a member of a kind K if it is a large proper part of, or otherwise greatly mereologically overlaps, a K. It has been shown, however, that a maximality constraint of this type, i.e. one that restricts mereological overlap, is open to strong objections. Inspired by the insights of, especially, Sutton and Madden, I develop a type offunctional-maximality principle that avoids these objections (and has other merits), and thereby provides a better answer to the Problem of the Many.
A local discursive dimension in a specific historical context: Students’ narratives of police experiences during South Africa’s #FeesMustFall protests
Authors: Mafofo Lynn , Makoni Sinfree
Published: September 2019

Most studies on campus and private policing take on political, anthropological, sociological, and criminological perspectives. Although there were investigations on policing in South Africa during apartheid, scant research has focused on how students in South African higher education (SAHE) relate their experiences of campus policing. Due to recent unrest on SAHE campuses and radical changes that include the militarization of police forces, examining how students perceive the legitimacy and integrity of campus policing is vital. As such, this paper presents a discourse analysis focused on descriptions of students’ campus experiences in the aftermath of the #FeesMustFall (#FMF) protests. Combining critical discourse analysis (CDA) with systemic functional linguistics, through transitivity, it offers insight into the ideological power struggles between students and police. It shows the types of voices students reveal as an aggrieved group in the hope of identifying non-aggressive approaches to address emotionally charged events (such as protests). Adding transitivity analysis to CDA provides a solid framework for decoding radical meanings at the peak of chaotic situations in which social change in post-apartheid South Africa can be facilitated by understanding marginalized groups.
GeSe nanosheets modified surface plasmon resonance sensors for enhancing sensitivity
Authors: Zhao Yuting , Gan Shuaiwen , Wu Leiming , Zhu Jiaqi , Xiang Yuanjiang , Dai Xiaoyu
Published: September 2019

Germanium selenide (GeSe) nanosheets are stable and inexpensive and considered to have a great potential for photovoltaic applications, however we have demonstrated that GeSe nanosheets are also promising for sensing technology, in this paper. By spin-coating the GeSe nanosheets on the surface of noble metal (Au), we have obtained a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with significantly enhanced sensitivity, and the performance of the sensor is closely related to the thickness of the GeSe film. By detecting different refractive index solutions, we have obtained the optimized sensitivity with 3581.2 nm/RIU (which is nearly 80% improvement compared to traditional SPR sensors) and figure of merit with 14.37 RIU−1. Moreover, the proposed SPR sensor was vastly superior in sensing Pb2+ heavy metal ions after coating it with chitosan and GeSe composite. A maximum sensitivity of 30.38 nm/μg/l has been verified, which is nearly six times better than that of conventional SPR sensor. Our results demonstrated that GeSe nanosheets overlayer with modified SPR sensor has its great potential in heavy metal detection and chemical-specific molecular identification.
Chloroform desorption from poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites: a thermal desorption spectroscopy study
Authors: Checchetto Riccardo , Rigotti Daniele , Pegoretti Alessandro , Miotello Antonio
Published: September 2019

Biopolymer nanocomposites were prepared by solvent casting dispersing lauryl-functionalized cellulose nano-fibrils (CNF) in a poly(lactic acid) matrix (PLA). The release of residual chloroform (CHCl3) solvent molecules was studied by Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS) analysis. TDS spectra of the PLA matrix show a single desorption peak at T
P

 = 393 K with FWHM ~10 K, compatible with a zero-order desorption kinetics. This narrow TDS peak was accurately reproduced assuming that: (i) the rate limiting step is given by the CHCl3 de-trapping from sites in the PLA matrix where residual solvent molecules form small aggregates and (ii) the activation energy for desorption linearly decreases from 1.19 eV for saturated traps to 1.11 eV when the traps occupancy by solvent molecules approaches zero. The balance energy term ϵ
D

 = −0.08 eV is due to the attractive interactions between trapped CHCl3 molecules. Adding CNF particles to the PLA matrix the zero-order peak shifts to lower temperatures and a second peak with FWHM ~60 K appears at higher temperatures. This second peak is compatible with a first-order desorption kinetics and is attributed to the release of dispersed CHCl3 molecules from trapping sites in PLA-CNF interface region. The obtained information are of interest for applications in food and electronic packaging and for the development of medical materials.
The Touch and Taste of War in Latin Battle Narrative
Authors: Ambühl Annemarie
Published: September 2019

Latin battle narratives exhibit visual, auditory, and even olfactory phenomena: swords glint, steel clangs, and the stench of blood permeates battlefields. These manifestations of multisensoriality are often implicit, as exemplified by the prominence of the ‘gaze’ in epic poetry. This article focuses on the two other senses, which have received less scholarly attention in discussions of battle narrative: touch and taste. In the former category are expressions such as ‘biting the dust’ (Hom. Il. 2.418) along with depictions of cannibalism in epic and historiographic texts. In the latter category are experiences such as Jocasta’s breast being scratched by Polynices’ armour (Stat. Theb. 7), along with a pervasive discourse on the ‘roughness’ of war and the ‘handling’ of casualties in aftermath episodes; these conceptual metaphors generate ‘partial altermedial illusions’ by enhancing, but not replacing, the primary medium of the literary text which they inhabit. As this chapter highlights, therefore, appeals to sensory perception are ambivalent in character: on the one hand, they facilitate audience engagement with the text via immersion, enactivism, and embodiment, but on the other hand they alienate readers by underscoring the fundamental ‘untellability’ of war.
Production of iron oxide and nickel oxide nanostructural particles, investigation of the supercapacitor and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Kerli Süleyman , Soğuksu Ali Kemal
Published: September 2019

In this study, iron oxide, nickel oxide, and nickel-iron oxide nanostructured particles were produced by the hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM measurements were performed to investigate the physical properties of these nanostructured particles. According to the XRD results, the crystal properties of these particles were determined. From the SEM images, these particles understood to be nano-structured. The electrodes were examined for electrochemical properties by using these nanostructured particles. Electrochemical measurements of the produced electrodes were performed, and capacitance values and impedance spectra of the electrodes were determined. The specific capacitance values of the iron oxide, nickel-iron oxide, and nickel oxide nanostructured particles, respectively are 30 F/g, 55 F/g, and 67 F/g. Also, the photocatalytic activities of nanostructured particles were investigated. This examination methylene blue (MB) was used and made under a xenon lamp. In light of our findings, it was observed that high photocatalytic degradation rate. Nickel-iron oxide nanostructured particles, the degradation of MB were found to be about 87%.
Water Adsorption on Ideal Anatase-TiO2(101) – An Embedded Cluster Model for Accurate Adsorption Energetics and Excited State Properties
Authors: Petersen Thorben , Klüner Thorsten
Published: September 2019

A combined theoretical approach towards the accurate description of water on anatase-TiO2(101) was pursued in this study. Firstly, periodic slab calculations on the basis of density hybrid functionals (PBE0, HSE06) were performed in order to gain insight into the adsorption sites and geometric structure of the surface. For submonolayer coverage of H2O, the molecular adsorption of water is found to be the most stable one with quite similar energetics in PBE0 and HSE06. Moreover, the transition states towards the less preferred dissociative adsorption forms are predicted to be greater than 0.7 eV. Thus, water will not spontaneously dissociate and based on the Computational Hydrogen Electrode model an overpotential of about 1.71 V is needed to drive the overall oxidation. In addition, to validate our results for molecular adsorption of H2O, an embedded cluster model is carefully evaluated for the a-TiO2(101) surface based on the periodic slab calculations. Subsequent high-level DLPNO-CCSD(T) results are in close agreement with our periodic slab calculations since the interaction is found to mainly consist of electrostatic contributions which are captured by hybrid functionals. Finally, first results on optimized geometries in the excited state based on the photogenerated charge-transfer state are presented.
Social Isolation in Adolescence Disrupts Cortical Development and Goal-Dependent Decision-Making in Adulthood, Despite Social Reintegration
Authors: Hinton Elizabeth A. , Li Dan C. , Allen Aylet G. , Gourley Shannon L.
Published: September 2019

The social environment influences neurodevelopment. Investigations using rodents to study this phenomenon commonly isolate subjects, then assess neurobehavioral consequences while animals are still isolated. This approach precludes one from dissociating the effects of on-going versus prior isolation, hindering our complete understanding of the consequences of social experience during particular developmental periods. Here, we socially isolated adolescent mice from postnatal day (P)31 to P60, then re-housed them into social groups. We tested their ability to select actions based on expected outcomes using multiple reinforcer devaluation and instrumental contingency degradation techniques. Social isolation in adolescence (but not adulthood) weakened instrumental response updating, causing mice to defer to habit-like behaviors. Habit biases were associated with glucocorticoid insufficiency in adolescence, oligodendrocyte marker loss throughout cortico-striatal regions, and dendritic spine and synaptic marker excess in the adult orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Artificial, chemogenetic stimulation of the ventrolateral OFC in typical, healthy mice recapitulated response biases following isolation, causing habit-like behaviors. Meanwhile, correcting dendritic architecture by inhibiting the cytoskeletal regulatory protein ROCK remedied instrumental response updating defects in socially isolated mice. Our findings suggest that adolescence is a critical period during which social experience optimizes one’s ability to seek and attain goals later in life. Age-typical dendritic spine elimination appears to be an essential factor, and in its absence, organisms may defer to habit-based behaviors.
Moving to Communicate, Moving to Interact
Authors: Bishop Laura , Cancino-Chacón Carlos , Goebl Werner
Published: September 2019

Skilled ensemble musicians coordinate with high precision, even when improvising or interpreting loosely defined notation. Successful coordination is supported primarily through shared attention to the musical output; however, musicians also interact visually, particularly when the musical timing is irregular. This study investigated the performance conditions that encourage visual signaling and interaction between ensemble members. Piano and clarinet duos rehearsed a new piece as their body motion was recorded. Analyses of head movement showed that performers communicated gesturally following held notes. Gesture patterns became more consistent as duos rehearsed, though consistency dropped again during a final performance given under no-visual-contact conditions. Movements were smoother and interperformer coordination was stronger during irregularly timed passages than elsewhere in the piece, suggesting heightened visual interaction. Performers moved more after rehearsing than before, and more when they could see each other than when visual contact was occluded. Periods of temporal instability and increased familiarity with the music and co-performer seem to encourage visual interaction, while specific communicative gestures are integrated into performance routines through rehearsal. We propose that visual interaction may support successful ensemble performance by affirming coordination throughout periods of temporal instability and serving as a social motivator to promote creative risk-taking.
Mechanisms linking the renin-angiotensin system, obesity, and breast cancer
Authors: Rasha Fahmida , Ramalingam Latha , Gollahon Lauren , Rahman Rakshanda Layeequr , Rahman Shaikh Mizanoor , Menikdiwela Kalhara , Moustaid-Moussa Naima
Published: September 2019

Obesity is a complex disease and a global epidemic. It is a risk factor for other chronic diseases including breast cancer, especially in women after menopause. Diverse etiologies underlie the relationship between obesity and breast cancer. Adipose tissue is in part responsible for these interactions. In obesity, adipose tissue undergoes several metabolic dysregulations resulting in the secretion of many pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and hormones which in turn, can promote tumor microenvironment (TME) formation and cancer progression within the breast tissue. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a well-known hypertensive hormone produced systemically and locally by the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Activation of this system in obesity is a potential contributor to local and systemic inflammation in breast adipose tissue. Ang II actions are primarily mediated through binding to its two receptors, type 1 (AT1R) and type 2 (AT2R). RAS inhibitors include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) which are currently prescribed as safe antihypertensive therapies. Recent studies have explored the potential use of ACE-I and ARBs in breast cancer patients as anti-tumor agents. Therefore, it is vital to understand the role of RAS in breast cancer and identify mechanisms of Ang II and RAS inhibitors in the TME and in obesity and breast cancer crosstalk. In this review, we performed a detailed analysis and discussed mechanisms of Ang II-AT1R interactions in breast cancer with emphasis on obesity-associated breast cancer. We further summarized recent in vitro, in vivo and human studies that used ACE-I/ARB interventions to improve breast cancer outcomes.
Values and trust in human capital: University students’ perceptions, 2015-2017
Authors: Arriaga Costa Carlos , Petiz Pereira Orlando
Published: September 2019

Trust is an important value for the understanding and strengthening of human relations. It translates into the expectation of the persistence and fulfilment of the natural and moral order and underpins a truly meaningful existence. It fosters interactions, cooperation, empathy and well-being amongst individuals. It helps them to respond efficiently to everyday challenges and build a more dignified, fraternal and less conflictive society. This research seeks to understand the level of confidence of university students in various aspects of their academic lives, particularly in their relationships with colleagues, teachers, family and academic and community institutions, inter alia. While students indicate that they have a lot of confidence in their families and close friends and colleagues, their confidence in academic institutions and in the community as a whole is very fragile. Most of the students involved in this research do very little volunteer or philanthropic work but are aware that such activities impact positively in their becoming good citizens. They state that leadership is a value they aspire to and express strong motivation to become entrepreneurs in various areas of business. On comparing the different educational choices made by students, it would appear that those attending social science courses are more highly motivated to do work for the community than students involved in other areas of study who tend to favour their individual interests.
The metropolitan environmental privilege in greenhouse gas emissions. Case study on Galicia and Madrid
Authors: Pérez-Lijó Enrique
Published: September 2019

This text aims to substantiate the existence of an environmental privilege that some territories enjoy. We can define this privilege as the displacement of environmental costs from one territory to another. To explain this, a case study on greenhouse gas emissions in Galicia and Madrid has been prepared.
Policy path dependency in a less developed region: The evolution of regional innovation policy in Wales (UK)
Authors: Henderson Dylan
Published: September 2019

The paper examines the concept of path dependency in policies, and seeks to examine how different pathways emerge in policy and how these change over time. It does so with reference to a case study of regional innovation policy development in Wales (UK) over a period of more than thirty years. Building on recent developments in regional studies and economic geography the paper considers whether path dependency is an inevitable feature of the policy process at the regional level. Drawing on documentary analysis and interviews with policy makers, it finds that policy decisions taken early on in the path creation phase (to support technological innovation) endure despite attempts to broaden out the pathway to a more inclusive form of innovation policy in Wales. While path dependency, most evident in core technological and R&D policy instruments, hasn’t prevented path experimentation, the findings suggest that rigidity and renewal co-exist in policies and the policy process for regional innovation over time. The findings contribute towards the growing focus on the temporal dynamics of policy change at the regional level and the complexity of policy as it seeks to address the challenge of innovation in less developed regions.
Endovascular Reconstruction from Aortic Valve to Aortic Arch Using One-Piece Valved-Fenestrated Stent Graft with a Branch: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Li Tao , Bao Xianhao , Feng Jiaxuan , Li Zhenjiang , Liu Junjun , Zhao Yuxi , Wu Mingwei , Zeng Zhaoxiang , Feng Rui , Zhou Jian , Jing Zaiping
Published: September 2019

Objective: To explore the feasibility of endovascular reconstruction of aortic root including aortic valve, sinus of valsalva and ascending aorta by a single stent-graft, a novel valved stent-graft with two fenestrae for preserving the coronary arteries was designed and performed in-vitro on a pig heart based circulation simulating system.
Methods: Pig hearts were harvested from 30 healthy adult female pigs weighing between 60-65 kilograms. Before sacrifice, all the pigs received aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA) examinations and morphologic parameters of aortic root were measured. Then we customized the valved stent-grafts according to the CTA measurements. After the pig heart was fixed on the special platform according to the original orientation and connected to the circulation system, the stent graft was delivered through transapical access and covered the segment from aortic annulus to proximal part of aortic arch under DSA (digital subtraction angiography) guidance. Then changes of coronary flow before and after the procedure and fenestration alignment with coronary ostia were analyzed.
Results: The overall technical success rate was 100%. The valve functions tested by ultrasound were in good condition under 120 mmHg circulation pressure. The flow of left coronary artery (LCA) did not decrease, but increased after the stent-graft implantation (340 ± 2.06 mL/min versus 288 ± 5.29 mL/min, P < .05). Similarly, the flow of right coronary artery (RCA) also increased (392 ± 9.17 mL/min versus 348 ± 8.01 mL/min; P < .05). The final angiography confirmed that both coronary arteries were patent. When generally observed from outer wall of valsalva sinus, both RCA and LCA orifices were aligned with the fenestrae. In 4 cases, the autologous valve leaflets blocked nearly 20% of the LCA fenestra’s area, but the flow did not significantly decrease in these cases.
Conclusion: Stimulated on a pig heart-based circulation simulation system, the one-piece valved-fenestrated stent graft with a branch could be delivered via the transapical access and deployed accurately, which achieved endovascular reconstruction of aortic valve, sinus of valsalva and ascending aorta while preserving the coronary artery perfusion by fenestrations. More in-vivo experiments on animal models are mandatory to further verify its efficacy and safety.
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Component Traits of Flowering Capacity Across Temperature inPetunia
Authors: Chen QiuXia C , Guo Yufang , Warner Ryan M
Published: September 2019

For ornamental annual bedding plants, flowering performance is critical. Flowering performance includes the length of the flowering period, the longevity of individual flowers, and the number of flowers produced during the flowering period, or flowering capacity. Flowering capacity is a function of several component traits, including the number of branches producing flowers, the number of inflorescences per flowering branch, and the number of flower buds per inflorescence. We employed an F7Petunia axillaris × P. exserta recombinant inbred line population to identify QTL for flowering capacity component traits. The population was phenotyped at 14, 17, and 20° over two years. Fifteen robust QTL (rQTL; QTL detected in two or more temperatures/years) were identified across six of the seven Petunia chromosomes (Chr) for total flower bud number (FlBud), branch number (Branch), flowering branch number (FlBranch), and primary shoot flower bud number (FlBudPS). The largest effect QTL explained up to 28.8, 34.9, 36, and 23.1% of the phenotypic variation for FlBub, FlBudPS, Branch, and FlBranch, respectively. rQTL for FlBud and FlBranch co-localized on Chr 1, and rQTL for FlBud, FlBudPS, and FlBranch co-localized on Chr 4. These regions in particular should be useful for identifying genes controlling flowering capacity of this important ornamental plant.
Molecular Profiling of theDrosophilaAntenna Reveals Conserved Genes Underlying Olfaction in Insects
Authors: Mohapatra Pratyajit , Menuz Karen
Published: September 2019

Repellent odors are widely used to prevent insect-borne diseases, making it imperative to identify the conserved molecular underpinnings of their olfactory systems. Currently, little is known about the molecules supporting odor signaling beyond the odor receptors themselves. Most known molecules function in one of two classes of olfactory sensilla, single-walled or double-walled, which have differing morphology and odor response profiles. Here, we took two approaches to discover novel genes that contribute to insect olfaction in the periphery. We transcriptionally profiled Drosophila melanogasteramos mutants that lack trichoid and basiconic sensilla, the single-walled sensilla in this species. This revealed 187 genes whose expression is enriched in these sensilla, including pickpocket ion channels and neuromodulator GPCRs that could mediate signaling pathways unique to single-walled sensilla. For our second approach, we computationally identified 141 antennal-enriched (AE) genes that are more than ten times as abundant in D. melanogaster antennae as in other tissues or whole-body extracts, and are thus likely to play a role in olfaction. We identified unambiguous orthologs of AE genes in the genomes of four distantly related insect species, and most identified orthologs were expressed in the antenna of these species. Further analysis revealed that nearly half of the 141 AE genes are localized specifically to either single or double-walled sensilla. Functional annotation suggests the AE genes include signaling molecules and enzymes that could be involved in odorant degradation. Together, these two resources provide a foundation for future studies investigating conserved mechanisms of odor signaling.
Factors Determining the Provision of Psychosocial Services for Oncological Patients and Their Loved Ones in Lithuania
Authors: Gaidytė Emilija , Dunajevas Eugenijus
Published: September 2019

It is acknowledged by various organizations, experts, and researchers around the world that meeting psychological and social needs is an important factor in cancer treatment. However, there is a shortage of psychosocial care supply for cancer patients and their family members in Lithuania. The aim of this study is to discern the causes of this insufficient supply. In order to find out the possible causes, Jon Elster’s action explanation framework was used. According to the framework, it is possible to deduce these factors: institutional constraints, economical (resources and labor supply) constraints, social preferences, and political preferences. Qualitative research (expert interviews) and secondary data analysis research methods were employed to gather the required data. A data analysis shows that the there are no institutional constraints for the provision of psychosocial care. However, there is a lack of public resources dedicated for the provision of psychosocial care. As a consequence, the main providers of psychosocial care for cancer patients and their family members are NGOs, which heavily depend on volunteer labor force. There is a contradiction in the point of view toward the professionalization of psychosocial care provision. It is the natural position of medical professionals that the provision of psychosocial care should be in the hands of professionals. On the other side, NGOs disagree with such a perspective. The need for psychosocial care is verbalized by experts and professionals; however, the general public prefers medical treatment. Thus, it is understandable why the public resources allocated to the provision of psychosocial care are so scarce. It is also evident that the political parties are not interested in psychosocial care, as it was shown by our analysis of their political programs.
Factors for strengthening the organizational resilience by the case of organizations providing social services
Authors: Gečienė Jolita , Raišienė Agota Giedrė
Published: September 2019

The article analyses the factors that influence the organizational resilience of public welfare organizations providing social services. Organizational resilience determines the ability of organizations to adapt and overcome unforeseen changes caused by the external environment. The article distinguishes the theoretical principles of organizational resilience and presents the results of the research, on the basis of which the preconditions for strengthening the resistance of organizations are based, and an empirical model of organizational resilience key factors is proposed.
MODEL OF CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING (CLIL) STRATEGY IN ARABIC SPEAKING SUBJECT
Authors: Sarip Mohamad
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to develop Arabic speaking skill by implementing Content Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) model at Jakarta State University. The CLIL used in the lesson emphasized the memorization of dialogues and sentence patterns as one of the main characteristics of the audiolingual method.  The research employed the mixed approach using Research and Development (R & D). The procedure of research used Borg and Gall model which has the steps; preliminary step, adevelopment step, and evaluation step.The data ware taken by observation, questionnaire, interview, documentation, and test. The research finding shows that the development of CLIL learning strategy for Arabic speaking with the material using Qur’an, Hadits, Fiqih and Tsaqofah Islamiah was an effective model for improving learning to speak Arabic. CLIL have four components that are content, cognition, communication, and culture. These are integrated with the variation of learning media.
THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND AND LANGUAGE COMPETENCE ON STUDENTS’ ARABIC LANGUAGE MOTIVATION
Authors: Mukmin Mukmin
Published: September 2019

This research was based on the assumption that if a person starts knowing a language from under 12 years of age, he/she will have the opportunity to be able to speak the foreign language as fluent as the native speaker. This research was aimed at determining whether educational background and Arabic language competence influence Arabic language motivation. This research used survey research with a quantitative approach, with the population of PBA students in the academic year 2017/2018. 89 students were chosen as the sample of this research by using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis carried out in this study was normality test, linearity test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. Hypotheses testing include correlation test, regression, t-test, and F-test. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence of educational background and Arabic language competence on motivation in learning Arabic with the amount of 37.5%. The student background was dominated by students who had known Arabic since early childhood that the students experienced a lateral and positive transfer process.Furthermore, the competencies possessed by students are dominated by students with high competence of 39% of these two variables, obtained by 2 types of motivation, namely intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Arabic language learning.
AL-AF’ÂL AL-TAWJÎHIYAH LADÂ AL-MU’ALLIMÎN FÎ AL-TAFÂ’UL AL-SHAFFÎ ATSNÂ TA’LÎM AL-LUGHAH AL-‘ARABIYAH ‘ALÂ DHAU NAZHARIYAH SINCLAIR WA COULTHARD
Authors: Qomariyah Lailatul , Hasanah Mamluatul
Published: September 2019

This research examined the directive speech acts of Arabic teacher in the teaching learning process: the perspective of Sinclair and Coulthard. The study focused on: (1) the forms of directive speech acts in the teaching learning process of Arabic class at Islamic Senior High School in Al Munawaroh. This research was conducted by qualitative case approach. The data of this research was the directive speech acts of teacher. The data were collected from recording observation and interview and was analyzed by interactive model analysis.The findings consisted of the form of directive speech acts in the teaching learning process of Arabic class containing 3 forms. There were imperative, interogative, and declarative. From this study, it is expected that Arabic language teachers are able to use isim fi’il amr"هيا" , gesture language for commanding, and interogative to improve students’ motivation and theirs’ feedback in language teaching.
ANALYSIS OF TEST ITEM ON THE FINAL TEST SEMESTER EXAM ON ARABIC SUBJECTS
Authors: Prihartini Yogia , Buska Wahyudi , Hasnah Nur
Published: September 2019

This research is aimed; (a) to give a description about Arabic final semester test questions arrangements procedure at the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training in UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. (b) to give a description about the quality of the test as seen from its validity, reliability, difficulty, and differentiation capacity. (c) to give a description that the lecturers never did an exam questions analysis of Arabic exam subject at Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training in UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. This research uses the descriptive method with quantitative and qualitative data. The population within this research is the college students of Tadris major in faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training who follows the final semester exam of 2017-2018 tenet years, especially in Arabic test subject. The sample taken during this research is the college students from the Tadris major, who followed the final semester exam on Arabic subject, by using the purpose sampling technique. The data collecting technique used was documentation, interview, and questionnaires. The results of this research are (1) the types of this tests are achievement test from the teaching objectives aspect, teacher-made test from the arrangement aspect, summative test from the time of implementation aspect, written test from the method of performing aspects, and subjective test from the answer scoring aspect, (2) the quality of Arabic test year 2017/2018: (a) validity sufficient, (b) test reliability is high which is 0,74, (c) the difficulty is easy earning it a ‘bad’ category, which is 45 numbers of questions or 11,11%, (d) the differentiation capacity is bad, which is 45 numbers of questions, or 22,22%, (3) the reason why the lecturers and question maker team did not held a question analysis are as follows: (a) some of the Arabic lecturers in faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training in UIN Imam Bonjol Padang are not scholars of Arabic education major or not lenient with S-1 and S-2 academic degree, (b) they have zero experience in doing test analysis, (c) there is no order from the authorities which motivates the lecturers in doing test analysis, (d) the lack of understanding about analysis, and (e) there are lecturers who have never received training or seminar about evaluation and analysis.
ARABIC MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT DESIGN FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Tajuddin Shafruddin , Kamal Muhammad , Zuryati Zuryati
Published: September 2019

The aims of the research were to develop Arabic learning material model for the senior high school level which was able to become a standard textbook in Arabic learning for high school. It was a realization of the National Language Politics policy that stated, Arabic as a language of religion and culture is taught from elementary school to university level. The research used to research and development (R & D) approach that refers to Borg and Gall theory. There are 10 steps in the development research cycle. However, it was given the small-scale research, which developed materials and media Arabic learning in Jakarta area, this research did at the stage of getting the final product, namely the prototype of Arabic learning material developed. The research was begun through survey research to obtain an empirical sequence of Arabic learning as a basis to support rational empirical strategies in the development design of Arabic learning materials in high school. This research produced Arabic learning textbooks of class X to class XII at the High School level which are equipped with media.
What I Learned From the Antivaccine Movement
Authors: Ju Alana C.
Published: September 2019

The following is the runner-up submission from the third annual Section on Pediatric Trainees essay competition. This year’s competition was informed by the 2018–2019 Section on Pediatric Trainees Advocacy Campaign: Advocacy Adventure, which empowered trainees to find their areas of passion, acquire and polish new skills, and organize advocacy efforts collaboratively. We asked writers to share experiences as physician advocates and were impressed with the broad variety of important topics submitted by trainees from around the country. This essay by Dr Ju describes advocating at the California state level for childhood immunization protections, which transformed her perspective of those who hold a different view. Along with the winning submission by Drs Panda and Garg that also appears in this issue, this piece is a wonderfully inspiring reminder that we are all well positioned to advocate for children in our roles as trainees and pediatricians.
El programa fenomenológico y la construcción husserliana de los adversarios en “La filosofía como ciencia estricta”
Authors: Inverso Hernán
Published: September 2019

Husserl se esforzó por desarrollar vías de abordaje a la fenomenología que facilitaran su expansión. En “La filosofía como ciencia estricta” traza un diagnóstico de los obstáculos en el entramado de naturalismo e historicismo, y estudia su lógica deconstrucción a través de tres tópicos: apelación al psicologismo como elemento del naturalismo, interpretación de Hume como protofenomenólogo y lectura historicista de Dilthey. Esto permitirá observar datos relevantes sobre el modo como Husserl concibe en este período la especificidad y alcances de la fenomenología.
Recuperación del debate liberal-comunitario. Sus aspectos nucleares y la conformación teórica de un concepto de la “identidad política”
Authors: Medina Labayru Carlos
Published: September 2019

La concepción de la persona se ha trasladado a una discusión sobre la teoría republicana de la autodeterminación política. Hito fundamental es lo “político”, introducido por J. Rawls para definir una región artificial, no metafísica, de la organización de la vida humana en sociedad. Es un concepto normativo para de- finir ciudadanía que incluye una concepción moral del hombre. Se sostiene que, en la articulación de este concepto y sus nociones asociadas de autonomía plena y razonabilidad de los agentes, el constructivismo político recoge la concepción del hombre como sujeto de sentidos, tema central del comunitarismo.
Mito y religión en la interpretación de la modernidad capitalista de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Vargas Mariela
Published: September 2019

El artículo analiza la interpretación que Walter Benjamin ofrece de la modernidad capitalista en Capitalismo como religión. Se indaga el sentido del carácter religio- so del capitalismo y se muestra que la primera elaboración sobre el capitalismo en términos de religión dio paso a una aproximación complementaria en términos de fuerzas míticas. Si bien este desplazamiento es visible ya en Capitalismo como reli- gión, cobra nitidez en el Libro de los pasajes, con la introducción del concepto de lo “siempre igual” [immergleich] para describir la dinámica del modo de producción y la experiencia de la historia en el capitalismo.
¿Es Rawls responsable por el igualitarismo de la suerte? Legitimidad y Responsabilidad en la justicia distributiva.
Authors: García Valverde Facundo
Published: September 2019

El igualitarismo de la suerte es una teoría de justicia distributiva que incluye consideraciones de responsabilidad atributiva individual para definir las obligaciones distributivas. Se presenta como un intento de recomponer cierta consistencia interna a la teoría rawlsiana y evitar algunas de sus consecuencias “inequitativas”. El artículo defiende la consistencia interna del proyecto rawlsiano sin necesidad de incluir un criterio sensible a la responsabilidad atributiva individual, ya que la inclusión de tal criterio resultaría ilegítima desde el punto de vista rawlsiano.
Preparation for Vocational Life-Skills Education Model Implementation for School Dropouts
Authors: Syamsi Ibnu
Published: September 2019

Introduction. In this article, social data on adolescent school dropouts are presented alongside a discussion of efforts to improve their life skills and employability. A focus on life-skills education for dropouts living in rural areas reveals how important business skills are for improving employability. The research context and efficient activities for coping with the addressed issues are com prehensively described.
Materials and Methods. A previously developed Life-Skills Education model, involving field study, needs analysis, action research and evaluation, is elaborated to facilitate the collection of data related to the dropout rate and efforts to build soft skills to facilitate employability. Grounded theories on developing employability skills for dropouts are elucidated alongside real-world endeavours to provide a clear picture of what research objectives are achievable and how they can be achieved. Two districts – in Bantul Regency and Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia – were selected for the study, in which two sample groups of dropouts were involved in a set of planned activities. Observation, interview, survey and documentation were the main techniques employed.
Results. The obtained results allow a fresh perspective to be obtained on the number and quality of school dropouts in the researched districts, as well as potential solutions for improving their life skills. Specifically, they include the following: (1) As many as 164 identified adolescent dropouts were found to live in the researched rural areas, of which 75% were unemployed, thus requiring appropriate life-skills education. (2) Twenty trainer-tutors were selected according to specific criteria and provided with a set of developed materials of respective knowledge and skills to be taught over the course of a one-month training programme. (3) In both districts, tutors accomplished the pedagogical content knowledge based training programme had improved their knowledge, attitudes, and motivation by the average gain score of 32.30, 3.15, and 5.55 respectively.
Discussion and Conclusion. This paper suggests that the study has successfully prepared the implementation of Life-Skills Education model through its applied stages and recommends that (1) continuous Life-Skills Education programmes to improve the business skills of teenage dropouts should be carried out by managing and developing the qualifications of the tutors and by providing appropriate vocational skills suitable with their needs, and (2) that the contribution of educational interventions on pedagogical content knowledge in interdisciplinary domains might be further analysed.