bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A step towards exploring the potential of organosilane for catalytic amidation
Authors: Gavit Amit , Kamble Buddhabhushan , Sawant Dinesh
Published: November 2024

Trimethoxyphenylsilane catalysed amidation protocol demonstrated for amide synthesis in refluxing toluene. The desired amide product is obtained by a simple acid-base workup protocol with moderate to good yield up to 67%. Without need of any dehydrating agent under simple azeotropic reflux condition make this protocol attractive for amidation reaction. Compatibility of trimethoxyphenyl silane with challenging aromatic acid and amine demonstrates its catalytic potency for amidation reactions.
Hydride Transfer Stereospecificity in Methenyl-Tetrahydromethanopterin: Donor-Dependent Effects
Authors: Oporto-Duhart Cesar , Villegas-Escobar Nery , Castillo Carlos , Saez David
Published: November 2024

Pterin derivatives play crucial roles in various biological processes across organisms from bacteria to mammals. Despite extensive research, intriguing questions remain, especially regarding hydride transfer reactions involving molecules like methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin and methylene-tetrahydrofolate. These reactions are catalyzed by dehydrogenases such as MtdA, MtdB, and the F420-dependent enzyme, yet their catalytic mechanisms, the origins of their stereospecificity and the contrasting stereochemistry of analogous non-enzymatic reactions are not yet fully understood. In this study, we modeled the behavior of a simplified version of methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin in aqueous solution and investigated non-enzymatic hydride transfer from various donors to an equally simple methenyl-tetrahydromethanopterin model, in order to identify factors influencing activation energy and stereospecificity. Our findings show that methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin adopts a conformation enhancing C-H bond reactivity in the pro-S orientation. On the other hand, its cationic derivative preferentially accepts hydride units on the Si face from smaller donors, a preference that decreases and even reverses with larger donors like 1,4-dihydropyridines. These insights enhance the understanding of pterin-related enzymatic catalysis and might be useful in the design of pterin-based biocatalysts.
Sorbent Mediated Electrocatalytic Reduction of Dilute CO2 to Methane
Authors: Stanley Jared , Pauker Hunter , Kuker Erin , Dong Vy , Nielsen Robert , Yang Jenny
Published: November 2024

Efficient CO2 utilization is a critical component of closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle. Most studies have focused on using pure streams of CO2. However, CO2 is generally only available in dilute streams, which requires capture by sorbents followed by energy intensive regeneration to release concentrated CO2. Direct utilization of sorbed-CO2 avoids the costly regeneration step. Furthermore, the sorbent-CO2 interaction can kinetically activate CO2 and tune its reactivity to access products that could otherwise be inaccessible with direct CO2 reduction. We demonstrate that an N-heterocyclic carbene, 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (DPIy), can capture CO2 from dilute streams (0.04% and 10%) to form 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolium-2-carboxylate (DPICx) quantitatively. Electrocatalyst iron tetraphenylporphyrin chloride (Fe(TPP)Cl) typically reduces CO2 to CO; however, with DPICx as the substrate, the 8-electron reduced product methane (CH4) is produced with high (>85%) Faradaic efficiency and regeneration of the sorbent DPIy. In addition to the overall energy and capital advantages of integrated CO2 capture and conversion, these studies illustrate how sorbents can serve a dual purpose for both CO2 capture and chemical auxiliary to access unique products. CO2 has a spectrum of reactivity with different types of sorbents; these results reveal how sorbent-CO2 interactions can be leveraged for integrated capture and utilization platforms to access a wider range of CO2-derived products.
Retrieval augmented generation for building datasets from scientific literature
Authors: Maharana Piyush Ranjan , Joshi Kavita
Published: November 2024

In this work, we show that employing Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with a Large Language Model (LLM) enables one to extract accurate data from scientific literature and construct datasets. The pipeline developed is simple and transferable to other scientific domains and can automate accu- rate structured data extraction. Quantization enables us to run LLMs on consumer hardware. Both Llama3-8B and Gemma2-9B with RAG give structured output consistently and with high accuracy as compared to direct prompting. Using the newly developed protocol, a dataset of metal hydrides for solid-state hydrogen storage was created. The accuracy obtained was > 93% in the cases tested. Thus, we demonstrate a pipeline to create datasets from scientific literature at minimal computational cost and high accuracy.
Proposal of the training plan for simulator pilots in the environment of LPS SR, š.p.
Authors:   University of Žilina, Poljak Matúš , Beňo Karol
Published: November 2024

The pace of development in air traffic management (ATM) procedures and technologies, along with their implementation into air traffic control (ATC), necessitates the modification of existing training plans for both newly qualified and already certified air traffic controllers (ATCOs) in the Slovak Republic. These changes are integrated into actual operations through practical exercises on ATM simulation devices within the premises of the Training Center of the Air Navigation Services of the Slovak Republic. A crucial component of each exercise is the simulator pilot, whose task is to simulate air traffic operations based on current flight procedures and rules. The aim of this work is to propose a detailed training plan for simulator pilots using MaxSIM and radar simulator for ATM systems LETVIS and Eurocat 2000, specifically tailored to the environment of the Air Navigation Services, taking into account the current requirements and needs of the Training Center (TC) as well as all ATC units using TC services. The resulting training plan includes the structure of the training, outlines of theoretical knowledge, presents exercise objectives, factors monitored by the practical training instructor, and evaluations of the performance of the pseudo-pilot in these exercises. The proposal introduces new exercises that address issues currently not covered in pseudo-pilot training, specifically in the approach control environments of Virtcity, Košice, and Štefánik, as well as tower control environments of Virtcity, Košice, Pieštany, Poprad-Tatry, Žilina, and Štefánik. For the Area Control Center in Bratislava, based on consultations with the lead instructor of this unit, the work suggests specialized exercises where the pseudo-pilot actively assumes the role of controlling neighboring positions, thereby increasing the knowledge requirements regarding coordination between positions.
Systém riadenia informačnej bezpečnosti (ISMS) a návrh jeho implementácie u prevádzkovateľa letiska
Authors:   University of Žilina, Gahír Jakub , Kontárová Denis
Published: November 2024

The thesis is mainly focused on solving the problem of information security management system, subsequent analysis of legislative requirements in the Slovak Republic and the EU and comparison of the current state of implementation of the information security management system in the selected area at the M. R. Štefánik Airport in Bratislava with the minimum requirements for the selected area specified in the legislation. The work is systematically divided, with the first part being devoted to introducing the reader to the issues of the information security management system. The second part is focused on the analysis of individual legislative requirements in the Slovak Republic and the EU respectively. The third part is devoted to the components of the information security management system itself. The following fourth part is the main one and deals with the elaboration of the proposal for the implementation of the information security management system at the airport operator and the comparison of the current state of implementation in the selected area at the M. R. Štefánik Airport with the minimum requirements for the given area.
Návrh riešenia riadenia skupiny UAV
Authors:   University of Žilina, Gúcky Jozef , Bugaj Martin
Published: November 2024

This thesis addresses the challenges and solutions to the management of groups of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Using a comparative analysis approach, the research evaluates UAV group management methods in terms of their effectiveness under various criteria. The findings suggest that swarm algorithms, inspired by the collective behavior of natural systems, offer a better approach to achieve decentralized, adaptive, and scalable control of UAV groups. This thesis contributes to this field by providing a comprehensive analysis of UAV group management strategies and demonstrating the benefits of swarm algorithms across a variety of criteria. This research has implications for enhancing the capabilities and effectiveness of UAVs in applications such as search and rescue, environmental monitoring, etc.
Politika obstarania lietadiel leasingom podľa modelu podnikania leteckých dopravcov
Authors:   University of Žilina, Chynoranský Jakub , Tomová Anna
Published: November 2024

The paper analyses the possible dependence of airline business models and the ratio of aircraft acquired through leasing in their fleets. The research sample consisted of 15 airlines, with 4 categories of business models represented: low-cost (LCC), 2 hybrid and full-service network business model (FSC). Based on the results obtained, we can conclude the dependence of business models and leasing ratio in the case of research sample. The demonstrated dependence was confirmed in the analysis when the scale of the fleet was taken into account. The findings confirm the view of the authors describing the low-cost business model as the one with a higher tendency to acquire aircraft by leasing, and, on the contrary, the traditional network model with a lower tendency. However, unlike other authors' studies, we have shown that the increase in the proportion of leased aircraft in fleets over the 2018-2022 study period was experienced by carriers in all business model categories, and the rise in the leasing market was not driven by growth in one business model - FSC. We propose to include the ratio of leased aircraft in the airline fleet among the attributes of the business model analysis, but an important step is to consider fleet size. We recommend conducting a similar analysis on a wider sample of airlines and continuing to research this topic.
Automatický bezpilotný klzák ako nosič aerologických sond
Authors:   University of Žilina, Kapustík Samuel Michal , Pecho Pavol
Published: November 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicles are increasingly being used to make our lives more enjoyable and easier, whether through the ability to capture key moments in our lives in high definition, or by automatically mapping hard-to-reach terrain, or even significantly assisting in the search for missing persons. This thesis discusses and approaches the possible expansion of the usability of unmanned flying vehicles, along with a proposal to create a more economical and environmentally friendly way of using aerological probes, such as the Vaisala RS41, to provide us with invaluable data needed to create accurate weather forecasts. Furthermore, the procedure for setting up such an unmanned flying vehicle using an advanced autopilot system is explained, and this thesis also includes specific results achieved in the experimental work associated with it. With the proposed solution, it will be possible to use the funds allocated to meteorological research and measurements.more efficiently.
The Office of Religious Affairs' Role in Combating Siri Marriage in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai Regency
Authors: Muntazhar Ahmad , Saha Ramadhan
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out: 1) how unregistered marriages are implemented in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai Regency; and 2) what the role of the Office of Religious Affairs is in dealing with unregistered marriages in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai Regency. This study is a qualitative descriptive one. Primary data were obtained by going directly to the field for interviews and observations, and secondary data were obtained by reviewing several literatures related to the title of the thesis. Following the collection of data, the next step is to process, analyze, and draw conclusions. The findings revealed that: 1) the implementation of unregistered marriages in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai Regency was caused by a number of factors, including: a lack of community economic factors, a low level of education, and a lack of legal knowledge and understanding of the importance of registering marriages. 2) The role of the Office of Religious Affairs in dealing with unregistered marriages in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai Regency, including: counseling prospective brides and guardians on marriage registration and happy families, as well as socializing the importance of marriage registration and its negative impact on families, mothers, and children through seminars and recitations held by the ministry of religion through representatives in the sub-district.--Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Bagaimana pelaksanaan nikah siri di Kecamatan Sambi Rampas Kabupaten Manggarai Timur; 2) Bagaimana peran Kantor Urusan Agama dalam mengatasi nikah siri di Kecamatan Sambi Rampas Kabupaten Manggarai Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh yaitu data primer yang didapat melalui terjun langsung ke lapangan untuk wawancara dan observasi, serta data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan pengkajian beberapa literatur yang berhubungan dengan judul skripsi. Setelah data terkumpul, Langkah selanjutnya adalah mengolah, menganalisis serta mengambil kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) pelaksanaan nikah siri yang terjadi di Kecamatan Sambi Rampas Kabupaten Manggarai Timur disebabkan karna beberapa faktor, diantaranya: faktor ekonomi masyarakat yang minim, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan dan kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman hukum tentang pentingnya pencatatan nikah. 2) peran Kantor Urusan Agama dalam mengatasi nikah siri di Kecamatan Sambi Rampas Kabupaten Manggarai Timur, diantaranya: melakukan penyuluhan-penyuluhan tentang pencatatan nikah dan keluarga bahagia kepada calon pengantin dan wali, serta melakukan sosialisasi tentang pentingnya pencatatan nikah dan dampak buruknya terhadap keluarga, ibu dan anak melalui seminar-seminar dan pengajian yang diadakan oleh departemen agama melalui perwakilan di Kecamatan yang diselenggarakan di masyarakat.
Bride and Groom Course Implementation at the Office of Religious Affairs, Pallangga District, Gowa
Authors: Muchtar Ilham , Kasim Iffah Mauidzah
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui tujuan, proses serta factor pengukung dan penghambat implementasi Kursus Calon Pengantin (suscatin) di KUA Pallangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan (Field Research) dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif yang berlokasi di KUA Pallangga. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara, Dokumen, dan Observasi. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) tujuan pelaksanaan Suscatin di KUA Pallangga telah terimplementasikan Karena telah sinkron tujuan dari pemerintah dan tujuan pelaksanaan di KUA Pallangga. 2) Proses Pelaksanaan suscatin di KUA Pallangga dari segi perspektif proses telah terimplementasikan karena telah sesuai dengan pembuat program, tetapi dari segi perspektif hasil belum terimplementasikan karena belum mencapai target yang diharapkan. 3) Faktor pendukung Suscatin di KUA Pallangga mempunyai tenaga fungsional yang profesional dan ahli di bidangnya, semangat para peserta suscatin dalam mengikuti bimbingan, dikarenakan banyak ilmu yang baru mereka dapatkan, sarana dan prasarana yang memadai, suasana yang kondusif adapun faktor penghambat Suscatin di KUA kPallangga, yaitu: sibuknya para calon pengantin terutama laki-laki terhadap pekerjaannya, hanya mempunyai seorang penyuluh professional dibidangnya, tidak mendatangkan tenaga ahli dibidang Kesehatan dan psikologi.
Mabbollo Tradition in Bugis Marriage in Bone Regency Urf Perspective
Authors: Nuh Ahmad , Saleh Muhammad , Basri St. Risnawati , Raziq Abd
Published: November 2024

The main point of this research is Urf's view of the Mabbollo tradition in Bugis marriage customs in Bone Regency. The main problem consists of two sub-problems, namely: How did the Mabbollo Tradition come about in Bone Regency? And what is the urf analysis of the Mabbollo Tradition in Bone Regency? The results of this research show that Mabbollo in Bugis marriage customs in Bone Regency, is 1). For those who are pro, they really believe that if an unmarried older sister should be stepped into marriage by her younger sister, they believe that the older sister's life in the future will not go smoothly. good, especially for marriage issues. Meanwhile, those who are against it do not agree with this custom because according to them it will only have bad effects, especially for the younger sibling's mental health. 2). Mabbolla, viewed from the results of the Urf Analysis, is not prohibited, but rather recommends marriage as long as a person is capable, both physically and spiritually, as long as the marriage has been fulfilled in harmony and conditions. The Mabbollo tradition can give mashlah to special families, it can strengthen the ties of friendship between older brothers and sisters. who overstepped his marriage.
Isolation and antiradical activity of phycobiliprotein compounds from Chlorella
pyrinoidosa
Authors: Pratita A.T.K. , Djahrah S.M. , Fathurohman M.
Published: November 2024

Chlorella pyrinoidosa is known to have the highest protein content compared to other
microalgae. One of the proteins which has the potential to be developed as a food
supplement is phycobiliprotein. The objective of this study was to isolate and determine
the antiradical activity of phycobiliprotein compounds in Chlorella pyrinoidosa. The
extraction process was carried out using the freeze-thawing method. Aqua pro injection
solvent was added to the microalgae biomass, and the mixture was vortexed for 20 s. The
pellets obtained were frozen for 24 hrs at -4°C and then thawed at 25°C. After the sample
melted, the separation process was carried out by centrifugation at a speed of 3,500 rpm
for 15 mins and purified using a cellulose membrane dialysis tube with weight molecular
cut-off 12-14 kDa for 12 hrs at 4°C. The supernatant was then freeze-dried. The
phycobiliprotein was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
spectrophotometer to determine the functional groups, SEM (Scanning Electron
Microscopy) to determine the topography of the surface of the specimen, and the
ninhydrin test to qualitatively prove the presence of amino acids or proteins in a sample.
Chlorella pyrinoidosa contained phycobiliprotein compounds with the characteristics of
having the functional groups of O-H, N-H and C=O, the shape of tiny granules that were
unevenly distributed on the surface, and some cracks and clusters which were quite
diverse, with an average diameter of 10 µm. Phycobiliprotein in Chlorella pyrinoidosa
had moderate antiradical activity with an IC50 value of 141.254 ppm using the 2,2-
Azinobis(3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) (ABTS) method. Because of its
antioxidant activity, the phycobiliprotein compound in Chlorella pyrinoidosa has the
potential to be used as a food supplement.
Preparation and characterization of sago/iota-carrageenan microgels as food
thickener in texture modified food
Authors: Haida N.R. , Syahariza Z.A. , Fazilah A. , Norsila A.W.
Published: November 2024

An increasing number of older populations with swallowing difficulties need specialized
diets with easy-to-chew and safe swallowing characteristics. Texture modification using a
thickener is usually used to obtain the desired texture, which helps in lowering the risk of
aspiration. Microgels usage to modify the texture and rheology of liquid and pureed foods
has been an area of interest in the food industry for many years. Therefore, this study
aimed to produce sago starch and ι-carrageenan based microgels with functionality as food
thickeners. Different concentrations of ι-carrageenan (25%, 50% and 75%) were added
into sago starch dispersion and then fabricated using ultrasound treatment followed by
spray drying process. A commercial dysphagia thickener that is normally used at medical
institutions and nursing homes was also included as a reference. Microgels with increasing
ι-carrageenan concentration showed variation in behaviours during rheological and
textural measurements. Rheological tests revealed that sago/ι-carrageenan microgels
exhibited a predominant elastic behaviour, with G′>G″ within the frequency range.
Texture profile analysis (TPA) suggested that the sample with 2.0 g of sago starch and 2.0
g ι-carrageenan, MS50, produced samples with similar hardness, springiness, and
cohesiveness to the reference sample. Overall, sago/ι-carrageenan microgels have shown a
potential to be used as an alternative thickener as it provides low adhesiveness and more
elastic behaviour which is considered safe-to-swallow food, especially for elderly with
swallowing difficulties.
Elucidating the impact of dual modification with hydroxypropylation and
enzymatic hydrolysis on physicochemical properties of corn and sago starch
Authors: Xian L.X. , R. Muhammad Ezzudin , Kamilah Hanisah , Koh W.Y. , Utra Uthumporn
Published: November 2024

Enzymatic hydrolysis is one of the most commonly used techniques in starch
modification. However, the performance of enzymatic hydrolysis has been restricted by
the inherent properties of native starch. In this study, hydroxypropylation with two
different concentration levels of propylene oxide (10% and 20%) was carried out on corn
and sago starches. The effect of hydroxypropylation on the physico-chemical properties of
the enzyme-hydrolyzed starch was investigated. The results showed that the starches
treated with 20% propylene oxide had higher molar substitution and dextrose equivalent
with greater effects. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that
hydoxypropylation had developed pores and pits on the granular surfaces and
subsequently enhanced enzyme penetration. Hydroxypropylation showed no changes in
the crystalline pattern, yet a decrease in the amylose content of both corn and sago
starches, respectively. Other than that, hydroxypropylation decreased the pasting
properties and retrogradation tendency but increased the swelling power of enzymehydrolyzed starch significantly. Overall, this work suggested that hydoxypropylation pretreatment could improve the efficiency of subsequent enzyme hydrolysis and produce
modified starch with great potential in food processing applications.
Faktor Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Pengendalian Mutu Konstruksi Jalan
Authors: Siswosoebrotho Bambang Ismanto , Ing Tan Lie
Published: November 2024

Mutu konstruksi jalan sangat tergantung kepada mutu SDM penyelenggara, pengelola dan juga pengguna jalan mengingat mutu konstruksi merupakan produk dari para pelaku kegiatan konstruksi termasuk diantaranya adalah pemilik proyek (owner), kontraktor sebagai pelaksana dan juga konsultan baik sebagai perencana maupun pengawas; namun tidak ketinggalan pula adalah para pengguna jalan. Secara umum SDM yang dipunyai oleh para pelaku kegiatan sebetulnya sudah mencukupi dan ber- ‘kemampuan’ memadai baik dalam bidang teknik maupun konstruksi jalan raya, hal ini terlihat dari cukup banyaknya SDM yang telah mengikuti dan lulus dari berbagai pelatihan dan pengembangan mulai dari kursus, training, pendidikan, dll. di bidang teknik jalan. Namun fakta menunjukkan bahwa mutu industri konstruksi bidang jalan masih jauh dari memuaskan seperti terlihat dari banyaknya kerusakan dini pada konstruksi jalan. Satu masalah baru yaitu masalah etika, merupakan masalah yang relatif lebih rumit dibandingkan dengan masalah kemampuan. Kalau perkataan ‘etika’ mungkin terlalu keras dan kasar, sehingga akan lebih baik jika disebut sebagai “budaya’ kemauan karena tidak saja hanya menyangkut para penyelenggara jalan, namun juga para pengguna jalan. Secara umum nampak bahwa semua masalah baik itu konstruksi, pemanfaatan maupun pengelolaan jalan belumlah memadai khususnya yang menyangkut SDM terkait dalam hal etika SDM yang bersangkutan. Untuk itu perlu dipikirkan kembali “terobosan” apa yang dapat dilakukan oleh institusi yang bertanggung-jawab terhadap kualitas SDM.
Mengajar Mekanika Rekayasa dengan Memahami Gaya Dan Cara Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Kristianto Anang
Published: November 2024

Hal yang penting didalam mengajar selain penguasaan materi yang akan diajarkan adalah bagaimana dengan baik. Kedua hal diatas sangat berkaitan , cara menyampaikan materi yang tepat sangat bergantung dengan bagaimana gaya dan cara belajar mahasiswa yang mendengarkannya. Gaya dan cara belajar yang dominan merupakan potensi terbaik individu untuk mempelajari hal baru.Gaya belajar menjelaskan tentang perbedaan individu untuk lebih efektif mempelajari suatu konsep, berdasarkan gaya belajar terdapat kelompok ES( Extroversion Sensing), IS ( Introversion Sensing ), EN ( Extroversion Intuition), IN ( Introversion Intuition ). Selain Gaya Belajar dikenal juga istilah Cara Belajar yang menunjukkan perbedaan cara yang dilakukan individu untuk menyerap dan memahami informasi secara optimal. Cara Belajar dikenal dengan istilah Visual, Auditori dan Kinestetik. Penelitian pada mahasiswa Jurusan Teknik Sipil U.K. Maranatha angkatan 2003 menunjukkan kecenderungan gaya belajar ES ,EN, IS ,IN berturut turut 41.38%, 34.48%, 6.9%, 17.24%, sedangkan kecenderungan mayoritas cara belajar adalah Visual ( 68.97% ) selanjutnya Auditori ( 20.69% ) dan Kinestetik ( 10.34% ). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa menunjukkan kecenderungan gaya belajar ES ( 41.38% ) dengan ciri-ciri mudah belajar dengan aplikasi dan realistis . Sedangkan cara belajar didominasi oleh Visual menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa akan menangkap dan memahami lebih banyak informasi melalui apa yang dilihat. Hasil peneltian ini dapat memberikan informasi untuk mengajar Mekanika Rekayasa dengan tepat yaitu melalui simulasi, studi kasus/aplikasi , diskusi kelompok kecil serta memberikan banyak gambar menarik dan warna untuk menjelaskan materi/rumus yang diberikan. Cara mengajar yang cenderung satu arah dan menonjolkan banyak rumus daripada visualisasi yang menarik tampaknya harus ditinggalkan sehingga diharapkan mahasiswa akan menikmati pelajaran Mekanika Rekayasa dan tentunya hal ini akan berdampak pada hasil akhir yang didapat.
Analisis Tarif Dan Setoran Bus Kobutri Jurusan KPAD — Antapani
Authors: Susilo Budi Hartanto , Setia Suhud , Himawan Deni
Published: November 2024

Saat ini perusahaan bus Kobutri yang beroperasi hanya 8 unit dari 12 unit yang ditumpangi, Adapun rute yang dilayani adalah KPAD-Antapani. Tingkat pelayanannya relatif rendah seperti penumpang dijejal berdiri seperti ikan pindang. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan karena tarif yang dikenakan pada penumpang adalah rendah sehingga tidak mencukupi biaya operasi kendaraan. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kepantasan tarif yang berlaku. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei kepada penumpang, pengemudi, pemilik dan pengelola untuk mendapatkan data primer dan sekunder untuk keperluan analisis Biaya Operasi Kendaraan (BOK), besarnya tarif dan setoran riil yang aktual Dengan menggunakan Metode Analisis Komponen Biaya, Penentuan Tarif dan Setoran, serta Analisis Nilai Bersih Sekarang maka didapat nilai-nilai yang pantas.Dari hasil analisis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa tarif dan setoran yang didapat dari perhitungan biaya operasi kendaraan dengan menggunakan jumlah penumpang sebenarnya, ternyata lebih kecil daripada tarif yang ditetapkan pemerintah. Dalam hal ini berarti perusahaan mendapat untung yang cukup dan besarnya tarif yang ada bukanlah penyebab utama menurunnya pelayanan jasa angkutan Kobutri jurusan KPAD-Antapani.
THE NORMATIVE BASE OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL THESAURI. HISTORY AND CURRENT DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of Culture, Timoshenko Igor V. ,   Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology
Published: November 2024

The article presents a review of the main concepts of building information retrieval thesauri used for indexing the information resources of libraries. The author shows historical development of the information retrieval mechanisms, using metadata as search term to determine the thematic correspondence of indexed information resources to search queries, based on their description. Dictionary-based methods of information retrieval became widely used in recent decades. The author discusses history of the information retrieval thesauri development specialized dictionaries used to indexing resources in information retrieval systems, starting in the 1960s, for improving the accuracy and efficiency of information search. The impact of the development of electronic means of communication and the Internet on the principles of formation and structure of information retrieval thesauri is considered. The article shows development in the thesauri normative base used in the libraries and its connection with the Internet standards in the concept of the Semantic Web. Main stages in development of the regulatory framework are revealed, both at the international level and at the national, in our country. The author notes importance of studying the experience of other organizations in the field of standardization for the further development of the regulatory normative base for indexing library resources.
INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR PULSE CONTROL OF THE STABILITY OF INFORMATION SECURITY SYSTEMS
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Kuznetsov Andrei S. , Krasnov Andrei E. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: November 2024

The article considers in detail the main stages of creating information support for the impulse control process to ensure the stability of information security systems. The authors carried out a structural system analysis of processes and modeling of impulse control of the stability in automated information security systems. Also a formalized description of the process of managing the selection of the optimal mathematical conservation model for the stability indicator of automated information systems is carried out using the example of information security management information systems. The article presents an algorithm for highly effective management of the stability of an information security system. An information description is constructed to optimize the management of processes for selecting an impulse control model based on a set of functional models that detail and formalize the processes of managing the stability of automated information security systems. The basic principles of strategic management for the sustainability indicator of automated information security systems are implemented based on a criteriabased approach. The concept of a controller-based impulse control model for maintaining the dynamic stability of the functioning of automated information security systems is considered. The considered algorithmic and information support is a dynamic model providing intelligent information support of the decision-making process for choosing the optimal model realizing the principle of impulse control in automated information security systems.
ЛАНДШАФТ ДЕЗІНФОРМАЦІЇ ЩОДО ЗМІНИ КЛІМАТУ: ДЕНІАЛІСТСЬКИЙ РАКУРС
Authors: Тихомирова Євгенія
Published: November 2024

The author uses the metaphor of a ‘climate change disinformation landscape’ to emphasise the multifaceted nature of the climate change disinformation problem as a complex information system with many interacting variables. This concept encompasses actors spreading disinformation through tradi- tional media and online think tank platforms, politicians and other actors with different attitudes towards the scientific facts about climate change. The analysis of scientific sources allowed the author to find that the public’s trust in scientists is highest; television and online information are seen as the place where respondents see most climate disinformation; political parties and governments are identified as sources of false and misleading disinformation; and the media are seen as influencing the decisions and actions of large corporations on climate change, government policies and public attitudes.
The article analyses the actors who reject the scientific consensus on climate change by actively spreading disinformation about global warming. They are known as “climate sceptics” or “climate deniers”. They also include PR firms and other public relations structures that work with climate-damaging corporations, betraying their own idea of corporate social responsibility. Large oil, gas, coal and other companies are the main clients of PR firms, and PR is used to manipulate public opinion, maintain the authority of cor- porations in the climate debate, protect their interests and distract the public from real problems.
ІНОРМАЦІЙНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАГРОЗИ З БОКУ РФ ПІД ЧАС РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Фролова Оксана , Дарницький Антон
Published: November 2024

The article examines the challenges and threats associated with disinforma- tion and propaganda in the context of informational threats spread by the Russian Federation in the current conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war. A significant intensification of hostile informational and psychological in- fluences since the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine has been proven. The extent of destructive propaganda and disinformation by the Russian Federation is summarized. The main target audiences and objects of influence have been determined. Mechanisms, tools and means of informational and psychological operations have been established. Signs of hostile propaganda and disinformation are identified as the main components of informational and psychological influences and their characteris- tics are provided. The main narratives that the Russian Federation spreads and tries to impose on its own citizens, Ukrainians and the world public are characterized. Special attention is paid to the study of the differences be- tween means of influence and information content depending on the change of the target audience. It was determined that Russia uses both traditional and new forms and methods of disinformation aimed at discrediting the state, the Ukrainian authorities and the army. It has been established that Russian informational and psychological influences are a systemic problem that requires systemic solutions and the development of multi-level coun- termeasures.
ПРОЄКТИ PESCO: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ У СВІТЛІ ПОВНОМАСШТАБНОЇ ФАЗИ РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Дорош Леся
Published: November 2024

It is analyzed how the full-scale Russian military aggression against Ukraine in 2022, which became an exogenous threat to the EU, intensified the need for security integration and cooperation of its Member States, including the streng- thening of PESCO and the interaction and coordination of the EU actions with NATO. The following aspects of the transformation of PESCO’s security pri- orities, taking into account the exogenous impact of the full-scale stage of the Russian-Ukrainian war on it, have been highlighted: organizational, financial and functional. From an organizational point of view, it has been noted that Denmark joined the European Defense Agency (EDA) and PESCO; Malta is considering joining this initiative. From a financial point of view the most visible reaction to the war in Ukraine is the EU Member States' reassessment of their defence capabilities, the growth of their investments in military modernization, reflected in the obligation of States to increase their defence expenditures to strengthen the armed forces, purchase the newest weapons and increase the opportunities to participate in cyber and hybrid warfare to counter potential adversaries. It is emphasized that the increase in the defense budgets of the EU Member States should be combined with growing cooperation for the acquisition and/or deve- lopment of new security and defense capabilities and overcoming inconsistencies and fragmentation of interests in decision-making taking into account their me- dium and long-term impact on the EU defense landscape. From a functional point of view, the project dimension of PESCO has been clarified. It was emphasized that the fifth wave of projects was approved on May 23, 2023: 11 of them were approved, 3 were closed, 68 projects are being implemented. Challenges on the way to the implementation of projects within PESCO are singled out: leadership and sectoral orientation of certain Member States on individual projects, incon- sistency of defence budgets of Member States and fragmentation during their formation, initiation of similar projects by them outside PESCO, slowness of project implementation, etc. It was noted that in light of Russia’s full-scale inva- sion of Ukraine, PESCO projects are acquiring an operational dimension, which is confirmed by the launch of new projects and the successful development of several existing ones. Therefore, PESCO is valuable in the event of the military crisis, as it improves the speed of joint response of the EU to it.
СУЧАСНІ ВИКЛИКИ В ПОЛІТИЦІ США ЩОДО ТАЙВАНЮ
Authors: Кіянка Ірина , Туровський Ілля
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes a wide range of current challenges in US policy toward Taiwan, including populist slogans, economic potential, and security threats. Interpreting the understanding of the US national security strategy, it should be noted that it is based on two pillars: the first pillar promotes “freedom, justice, and human dignity, i.e., working to end tyranny and promote effective democ- racy,” while the second pillar confronts “the challenges of our time by leading the growing community of democracies.” This is part of the tradition of American foreign policy, often referred to as the “American project.” This project aims to “protect our homeland security by building a peaceful world order of democratic nations bound by shared values and the idea of common prosperity”.
The Pacific region has become the main testing ground of the twenty-first century to determine whether China and the United States will be able to build a new model of relations between superpowers and preserve the existing international security order. While some Americans criticize China for its increasing assertive- ness in its foreign policy and urge China to avoid the expansionist world order of the old imperialist powers, many Chinese believe that building this new rela- tionship depends to a large extent on the United States changing its approach to US-China bilateral relations and adapting to the new reality of China’s interna- tional rise.
It should be understood that strategic distrust between the two countries is inevi- table, as US-China relations have always been characterized by varying degrees of contact that cannot be completely resolved by any modern diplomatic instru- ments. Justifying each other’s actions and lack of empathy can only intensify the strategic rivalry between China and the United States. If leaders in both Washing- ton and Beijing do not attempt to engage with each other on issues of common concern, working separately to protect their interests by maintaining a delicate balance of power, a mixture of self-justification and miscalculation could turn the China – U.S. rivalry into a new Cold War, which would be even more dangerous than the previous US-Soviet Cold War, as it lacks a single center of confrontation and has many more hotspots, including the Korean Peninsula, the Taiwan Strait, and the South and East China Seas. Thus, the Asia-Pacific region has become one of the most dangerous areas for regional and geopolitical state relations in the twenty-first century.
«РОСІЙСЬКА КРИЗА»: СПРОБА КОНЦЕПТУАЛІЗАЦІЇ В КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНОЇ ПОЛІТОЛОГІЇТА ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Волянюк Ольга
Published: November 2024

This article proposes a political interpretation of the concept of the «Russian crisis». It argues that contemporary Russia is experiencing socio-political turbu- lence. The main indicators of the Russian crisis are identified, including the state’s inability to fulfill basic security and social protection functions, loss of interna- tional positions, export of internal crises beyond the country, centrifugal move- ments, electoral process crises, legitimacy crises, economic instability, growing internal conflicts, ideological hostility, social inequalities, and legitimacy crisis of the state system. The regime of the Russian Federation conceals these tenden- cies and focuses on expanding internal repressive measures and the international influence of authoritarian countries. For a long time, the academic environment has to some extent bypassed the coverage of crisis phenomena within Russia. However, the problem is now actively being reconsidered, as crisis processes in Russia have become comprehensive, occurring against the backdrop of social, economic, ethnic, religious, and political processes, in interactions between in- stitutions, interested groups, and individuals.
Studying the Russian crisis is a promising direction for both science and civic education. Objective research will allow for a better understanding of the prob- lems and context of the Russo-Ukrainian war, promote the development of criti- cal thinking and national consciousness among citizens. It is emphasized that crisis phenomena in various spheres of socio-political life are interconnected and only exacerbate destructive tendencies in Russia. The necessity of understan- ding the crisis from an interdisciplinary perspective, based on a wide and veri- fied source base, and using systematic monitoring data, in transparent and secure documentation practices, is justified. In the future, it is important to develop re- search on various aspects of the Russian crisis: political-administrative, techno- logical, military, ecological, social vulnerabilities, and others.
RELIGION AND POLITICS: BASIC IDEAS CORRELATION IN EUROPEAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Kuts Halyna
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to revealing the correlation of the basic ideas of reli- gion and politics, which have been embodied in the modern European politi- cal discourse.
The origins of democratic values and principles of democratic government can be found in the discourse of Christianity (law of universal love, educational propaganda of Christianity, basic life values, creation of an open society, etc.). Democracy was born and developed in the West, in countries with an ancient Christian tradition, its secular humanism is based on the principles of Christian values.
Freedom, equality and fraternity – the basic categories of democracy – are nothing but “evangelical values”. In Christianity, individual freedom is li- mited by commandments. The secular projection of this Christian principle involves the restriction of freedom by the provisions of laws, not by ethical commandments. The ideas of separation of powers, progress, etc. are also a kind of projection of Christianity.
The attitude to time in European culture, being determined by the Christian paradigm of temporality, acts as a kind of secularization of the religiously shaped perception of eschatological time. Thus, the idea of the “Arrow of Time” directed from the past through the present to the future (“from begin- ning to end”) became a kind of prototype of the idea of progress.
The problem of individualism – basic for modern liberal-democratic dis- course – also originates in the evangelical individualism of Christianity.
At the political and cultural level, certain parameters of the European iden- tity correlate with the parameters of the Ukrainian identity. Considering, on the one hand, the Christian and democratic intentions of European culture, and, on the other hand, the dominant role of the ideas of Christianity and democracy in Ukrainian culture, it is possible to assert a close correlation of the specified parameters of European and Ukrainian identities. Perception of the ideas of freedom, equality, individualism, etc. relate Ukrainian and European identities.
КОНЦЕПТ ПОНЯТТЯ «БРЕНДИНГ ТЕРИТОРІЙ»
Authors: Мовенко Сергій
Published: November 2024

The article examines territorial branding as the analysis and study of ways to create and manage the image of a specific territory (such as a country, region, or city) with the aim of attracting investments, developing tourism, increasing attractiveness for businesses and residents, and forming a positive perception internationally. It encompasses various aspects, such as marketing strategies, public relations, cultural and social factors, innovations, and the use of modern technologies. Contemporary concepts of territorial branding emphasize the im- portance of creating and managing the image of cities, regions, and countries to enhance their competitiveness and attractiveness for residents, tourists, and investors. These concepts take into account diverse factors, including cultural, historical, ecological, economic, and social aspects. Among the key modern concepts of territorial branding analyzed in the article are: creating a unique image; developing technological hubs; sustainable development strategy; developing tourism potential; and utilizing digital technologies, among others. These concepts define new paths for the development of territories and explore their impact on various aspects of modern life. It is noted that synonymous terms for territorial branding include: city/region image, territory profiling, city/region image building, territorial marketing, city/region branding, politi- cal branding, state branding, national branding, “territorial branding,” and “re- gional branding.” The interpretations and concepts of researchers regarding the categories of territorial brand, territorial trend, image, city brand, rural area brand, and others are analyzed.