bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BRD4 PROTAC Degradation Agent GNE-987 Inhibits Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Targeting Super Enhancers
Authors: Sang Xu , Zhang Yongping , Fang Fang , Gao Li , Tao Yanfang , Li Xiaolu , Zhang Zimu , Wang Jianwei , Tian Yuanyuan , Li Zhiheng , Yao Di , Wu Yumeng , Chu Xinran , Zhang Kunlong , Ma Li , Lu Lihui , Chen Yanling , Yu Juanjuan , Zhuo Ran , Wu Shuiyan , Zhang Zhen , Pan Jian , Hu Shaoyan
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common hematological malignancy in children, with poor treatment effect and poor prognosis. Recent studies have shown that bromodomain and terminal protein inhibitors are promising antitumor drugs. As a new type of BRD4 PROTAC degradation agent, GNE-987 can slow down the growth rate of a variety of tumors and cause apoptosis, which has broad clinical prospects. However, the role of GNE-987 in AML is unclear. This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect of GNE-987 in AML and its underlying mechanism.Methods: By studying public databases, the prognostic significance of BRD4 and the correlation between AML were evaluated, and the relationship between BRD4 and the overall survival rate of AML patients was also analyzed. After adding GNE-987 to the AML cell line, cell proliferation slowed down, cycle disorder, and apoptosis increased. In the cells treated with GNE-987, western-blotting was used to detect BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and PARP proteins. The effect of GNE-987 on AML cells was analyzed in vivo. RNA-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) confirmed the function and molecular pathway of GNE-987 in processing AML. Results: Compared with healthy donors, the expression of BRD4 in children's AML samples was higher than that of healthy donors. The high expression of BRD4 indicates a poor prognosis. GNE-987 inhibits AML cell proliferation by inhibiting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4 are consistent with the decreased expression of VHL in AML cells. Compared with JQ1 and ARV-825, GNE-987 has a lower IC50 in AML cells. In the AML xenograft model, GNE-987 significantly reduced the liver and spleen infiltration of leukemia cells, increased the survival time of mice, and caused BRD4, Ki67 dysregulation and caspase3 activation. According to the analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq, GNE-987 can inhibit AML by targeting numerous super-enhancers.Conclusions: GNE-987 has strong anti-tumor activity in AML cell lines and primary child AML samples. GNE-987 works by degrading the BET protein, thereby effectively inhibiting the expression of super enhancers and related oncogenes (such as LYL1). These results indicate that GNE-987 has very broad prospects for the treatment of AML.
Evaluation of Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid Content And Antioxidant Activity of Rhus Vulgaris
Authors: Belew Aderaw Anteneh , W/Hana Getachew G/Mariam , Meshesha Desta Shumuye , Akele Mulugeta Legese
Published: December 2021

Background: Rhus vulgaris is rich in various classes of polyphenols and flavonoids that act as free radical scavengers and reduce oxidative stress and cure various harmful human diseases. The plant is a traditionally known medicinal plant which is used against a number of diseases including cancer. Methods: The current investigation points towards the investigating quantitative phenolic contents, flavonoid contents and the free radical scavenging activity & antioxidant activity of Rhus vulgaris extract in n-hexane, acetone, and 80% of aqueous methanol. The phenolic contents were estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu procedure and gallic acid as a reference molecule whereas the total flavonoid contents were determined by using aluminum chloride and catechin. In addition, the dilution serial method was used to evaluate the leaves extract of rhus vulgaris, and the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method was utilized to assess the above-mentioned extracts against oxidative stress. Results: The result revealed that the ranges of total phenolic content from 5.82 ± 4.6 to 83.15 ± 7.6 mg GAE/g of the dry weight of extract, expressed as gallic acid equivalents. The total flavonoid concentrations were varied from 2.21 ± 7.34to 23.47 ± 4.87 mg CE/g, expressed as catechin equivalents. Antioxidant activity of extracts was expressed as the concentration of DPPH radical’s inhibition ranges from 1.2 ± 0.32 to 22.86 ± 3.71 mg AAE/ g. Conclusion: The 80% aqueous methanolic extract of Rhus vulgaris showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents and strong antioxidant potential and it could be used as antibiotics for different curable and incurable diseases.
Prospective Cohort Study of Sociodemographic Factors, Including Occupation and Subsequent Unemployment, Under COVID-19 in Japan
Authors: Kuroishi Makiko , Nagata Tomohisa , Hino Ayako , Tateishi Seiichiro , Ogami Akira , Tsuji Mayumi , Matsuda Shinya , Mori Koji , Fujino Yoshihisa
Published: December 2021

Background: We examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors, including occupation and unemployment, among workers during COVID-19 in Japan.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study using a self-administrated questionnaire. We surveyed the socioeconomic status, personal characteristics, and occupation of recruited workers at baseline (December 22–25, 2020); subsequent unemployment was examined at follow-up (February 18-19, 2021). We determined the odds ratio (OR) of unemployment for sociodemographic status and occupation. The multivariate model was adjusted for sex and age.Results: Among the 19,941 participants, 725 (3.6%) had experienced unemployment. Multivariate analysis showed that the OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) of unemployment associated with sex were 1.35 (1.14–1.60) for women compared with men. With increasing age, the OR for unemployment was lower (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; P <0.001), adjusted for sex. The OR and 95% CI for the association with marital status were as follows: 1.33 (1.03–1.71) for being married (spouse not working); 2.09 (1.65–2.64) for bereaved or divorced; and 1.29 (1.07–1.56) for unmarried compared with married (spouse working). The respective figures for the association with annual household income were as follows: 4.05 (3.00–5.46) for <2 million yen; 2.12 (1.62–2.78) for 2–4 million yen; and 1.46 (1.11–1.93) for 4–6 million yen, compared with >10 million yen. The figures for the association with education were 1.73 (1.12–2.66) for junior high or high school and 1.83 (1.19–2.83) for vocational school, junior college, or technical school. The association with occupation was 2.01 (1.63–2.48) for temporary or contract employees, 1.35 (1.02–1.78) for self-employed, and 3.02 (1.68–5.42) for agriculture, forestry, or fishing, compared with general employees; it was 0.56 (0.40–0.79) for public employees, faculty members, or non-profit organization employees. The association with job type was 1.25 (1.04–1.51) for jobs mainly involving interpersonal communication and 1.85 (1.55–2.21) for mainly manual or physical labor, compared with mainly desk work.Conclusions: COVID-19 appears to have created difficulties for previously vulnerable groups. This suggests the need for employment and economic support for such individuals.
Psychosocial, Internal and External Factors of Treatment Compliance of Schizophrenic Patients: A Literature Review
Authors: Rohmi Faizatur , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: December 2021

Compliance to treatment is one of the important and essential components of healing and schizophrenia patient’s quality of life. Treatment compliance can be improved by identifying internal and external factors from the patient. This review aims to identify Psychosocial, Internal and External Factors of Treatment Compliance of Schizophrenic Patients. The systematic research for articles begins by identifying research articles in four databases, from Scopus, Science Direct, Sage and Proquest in 2019 – 2021 using predetermined keywords. Articles were selected using PRISMA methode, and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria that set out. Twenty-five articles analyzed in this lyteratur review were all quantitative studies. The results of the research review show that psychosocial, internal factors and external factors are components of supporting compliance to treatment for schizophrenic patients
The effectiveness of integrating CALL into EFL context
Authors: Abbasi Peyman
Published: December 2021

This study tries to investigate impacts of integrating CALL in classroom enhancing EFL learning gaps. This study also tries to provide local voice and insight of implementing CALL into Iranian EFL contexts as well as global perspectives in CALL. There is no qualm that CALL mediated is adhered as technology development to convey and paving paths which we are interacting with each one of community members specially in EFL context users; tutors or pupils. So, primary goal of this research is to find how information and communicative technology and its methodology can be effectively utilized to ameliorate cumbersome and prohibitive EFL teaching-learning obstacles. Based on findings it can be predicted that CALL helps to learn FL skills. Recent research has focused to go over status of CALL and non-CALL settings to investigate what students do while to use CALL technology in EFL contexts for their language learning activities. While a lot of studies have carried out research in a laboratory context or through structure observation, this study explores learners’ interactions and challenges within CALL. The results indicate significant changes in participants’ scores after to use CALL to learn EFL skills in contrast to non-CALL environments. It examines strategies in which persuade students’ challenges for their developing CALL professionals and brief overview of three stages of CALL history, teachers’ jobs about computer assisted language learning in classroom for language learning purposes, Web. 2 applications and a purview to CALL components.
The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 Omicron virus causes attenuated infection and disease in mice and hamsters
Authors: Diamond Michael , Halfmann Peter , Maemura Tadashi , Iwatsuki-Horimoto Kiyoko , Iida Shun , Kiso Maki , Scheaffer Suzanne , Darling Tamarand , Joshi Astha , Loeber Samantha , Foster Stephanie , Ying Baoling , Whitener Bradley , Floyd Katharine , Ujie Michiko , Nakajima Noriko , Ito Mutsumi , Wright Ryan , Uraki Ryuta , Li Rong , Sakai Yuko , Liu Yanan , Larson Deanna , Osorio Jorge , Hernandez-Ortiz Juan , Čiuoderis Karl , Florek Kelsey , Patel Mit , Bateman Allen , Odle Abby , Wong Lok-Yin , Wang Zhongde , Edara Venkata Viswanadh , Chong Zhenlu , Thackray Larissa , Ueki Hiroshi , Yamayoshi Seiya , Imai Masaki , Perlman Stanley , Webby Richard , Seder Robert , Suthar Mehul , Garcia-Sastre Adolfo , Schotsaert Michael , Suzuki Tadaki , Boon Adrianus , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Douek Daniel , Moliva Juan , Sullivan Nancy , Gagne Matthew , Ransier Amy , Case James , Jeevan Trushar , Franks John , Fabrizio Thomas , DeBeauchamp Jennifer , Kercher Lisa , Seiler Patrick , Singh Gagandeep , Warang Prajakta , Gonzalez-Reiche Ana S. , Sordillo Emilia , Bakel Harm van , Simon Viviana
Published: December 2021

Despite the development and deployment of antibody and vaccine countermeasures, rapidly-spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations at key antigenic sites in the spike protein jeopardize their efficacy. The recent emergence of B.1.1.529, the Omicron variant1,2, which has more than 30 mutations in the spike protein, has raised concerns for escape from protection by vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. A key test for potential countermeasures against B.1.1.529 is their activity in pre-clinical rodent models of respiratory tract disease. Here, using the collaborative network of the SARS-CoV-2 Assessment of Viral Evolution (SAVE) program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), we evaluated the ability of multiple B.1.1.529 Omicron isolates to cause infection and disease in immunocompetent and human ACE2 (hACE2) expressing mice and hamsters. Despite modeling and binding data suggesting that B.1.1.529 spike can bind more avidly to murine ACE2, we observed attenuation of infection in 129, C57BL/6, and BALB/c mice as compared with previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, with limited weight loss and lower viral burden in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Although K18-hACE2 transgenic mice sustained infection in the lungs, these animals did not lose weight. In wild-type and hACE2 transgenic hamsters, lung infection, clinical disease, and pathology with B.1.1.529 also were milder compared to historical isolates or other SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Overall, experiments from multiple independent laboratories of the SAVE/NIAID network with several different B.1.1.529 isolates demonstrate attenuated lung disease in rodents, which parallels preliminary human clinical data.
Crystallite size of the graphitic phase in soot ink based on historic recipe: A potential dating tool for old manuscripts
Authors: Unsalan Ozan , Oten Aliye , Yaman Bahattin
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we report the crystallite size of the graphitic phase observed in a soot ink sample prepared based on an original Ottoman recipe in the 18th century for the first time. Intensity ratio of the D and G bands that were observed at 1384 and 1609 cm-1 respectively, revealed that the crystallite size is 24.33 nm. This corresponds to a carbon phase between graphitic and well graphitic stage. We strongly believe that this could be further used particularly for dating purposes by investigating carbon-black pigments which we have not encountered its consideration in the literature for mainly manuscripts. Here, we especially propose using the Tuinstra-Koenig relationship together with the consideration of D and G band profiles to derive the crystallite size of the graphitic phase observed in soot ink and other various carbon-black inks for the purpose of manuscript dating.
Phonetic Laws Related to Vowels in Dialects
Authors: Darveshov Ibrokhim Omonovich
Published: December 2021

Today, in carrying out the reforms for the development of our society, there are created full opportunities and conditions for the fulfillment of the tasks set before the Uzbek linguistics, purposeful research work is carried out on the issue of comprehensive study of our language. At the same time, the study of the features of Uzbek dialects, relying on the theoretical bases of areal linguistic research, is defined as one of the priority directions in the historical-comparative and ethnolinguistic aspects.This sphere consists of imperfect, simple descriptive and illustrative aspects, indefinite places need to learn and fill on the basis of new views, from a mental point of view. The article gives an idea of the peculiarities of the Namangan Kipchak and Karluk dialects, the historical genesis of the system of vowels, the issues areal of their prevalence and application. The phonetic-phonological linguistic character of the dialect is a comparative-historical reflection of the processes of events of features and laws. In its turn, there are described opinions about the events of umlaut in the Turkic dialects of synharmonism and Karluk dialects in Kipchak dialects related to the vowels in the Turkic languages. Key policy insights.The study through areal-typological and areal-linguistic methods, which gave Mahmud Kashgariy in Turkic languages, the initial point of any linguistic theory and conceptions, the study of dialects, their specific features, is still one of the important issues today. The emergence of areal linguistics has opened up a wide way to evaluate new issues and concepts in the field of dialectology, to solve them in new ways. Relying on the theoretical basis of dialect and slang areas in the holistic study of the language system, the fact that historical-comparative and ethnologic research is defined as one of the priority areas imposes new responsibilities on Uzbek linguistics and Uzbek linguists.
Occupational-Related Shoulder and Neck Pain Among the Working Population of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mengistu Dechasa Adare , Dammu Yohannes Mulugeta
Published: December 2021

Background: Currently, work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a significant public health concern and are one of the leading causes of disability-adjusted life years and reduced quality of life. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the country-wide prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, particularly shoulder and neck pain, in Ethiopia.Methods: This study considered studies conducted in Ethiopia, written in English and published in 2017-2020 and searched using electronic databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Embase, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online database. The quality assessment of the studies was done using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment tools to determine the relevance of each included article to the study.Results: The study found that the pooled prevalence of shoulder and neck pain in the previous year represented 37.9% [95% CI:26.5, 50.8%] and 29.9% [95% CI: 20.1, 41.9], respectively. Based on the subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of shoulder pain in the last year based on the study population, publication year and study region was 47.6% [95% CI: 45.8, 49.4%], 49.8% [95% CI: 45.7, 53.9%] and 44.6% [95% CI: 41.4, 47.8%], respectively, while the pooled prevalence of neck pain in the last year based on the study population, publication year and study area was 39.1% (95% CI: 37.5, 40.7%], 25.1% [ 95% CI: 20.8, 29.9%] and 32.6% [95% CI: 29.8, 35.5%], respectively.Conclusions This study found that at least one third of the study participants had experienced occupational-related shoulder and/or neck pain in the previous year. The study suggests that there is a need to implement occupational health and safety measure to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders and other hazards.
Susceptibility of different life stages of Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis to ECO2FUME gas and its impact on cowpea seeds quality
Authors: Amin Manar Y. , Abotaleb Abeer Omar , Mohamed Refaat A.
Published: December 2021

ECO2FUME gas is an alternative to toxic phosphine fumigant and as a quarantine treatment for the control of a particularly recalcitrant pest, Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis. This gas was used to fumigate stored cowpea piles under gas-proof sheets to assess its performance against different developmental stages of Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis. The mortality was determined on four developmental stages of C. maculatus and C. chinensis, employing ECO2FUME at different concentrations 25, 30, 40, and 50 g/m3 for 3-days. All stages of both insect species in packed cowpea stacks were completely controlled at 3-days when applied with an ECO2FUME application rate of 50 g/m3. Cases of pupae of C. maculatus and C. chinensis exhibit the highest resistance than other stages, with 78.2 and 73.93% mortality respectively, at 40 g/m3 after 3-days post-exposure to ECO2FUME. Suppression of F1 generation was obtained after fumigation with the same concentration (50 g/m3). Quality (in terms of cowpea germination) and all chemical constituents of cowpea seeds were non significantly (P≤0.05) affected by the fumigation concentration of 50 g/m3.
Effects of Various Exercises on the Microvascular Reactivity of the Skin of the Knee Joint in Middle-Aged and Elderly Women
Authors: Peng Yong , zereg fateh , Tambovsky Anatoly Nikolaevich , Zhu Huan , Liu Xiaoli , Xiao Zhe
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of square dance and brisk walking with the same frequency on the microvascular reactivity of the knee joint of elderly and middle-aged women. For the first time in Enshi city, women aged 55 to 65 years old were selected for experimental subjects, which included 15 in square dance group, 15 in Taijiquan group, 15 in fast walking group and 15 in control group. The changes in the skin microvascular reactivity of the knee joint were studied. The effects of various exercise regimens on the knee joint were evaluated. The results after the experiment, compared with the pre-experiment group, the increase rate of MBP in Taiji group increased significantly, but there was no significant change in square dance group, brisk walk group and control group (P > 0.05). The MBP in control group decreased in different degrees but not significantly (P > 0.05). The change in the AVBC rate in the Taijiquan group was significant, but not significantly so compared to the control group. The same results were obtained in the other groups. Hence, the increase rate of MBP in Taijiquan group was significantly higher than that in square dance group, fast walking group and control group, the increase rate of MBP in square dance group was significantly higher than that in control group, and the increase rate of AVBC in Taijiquan group was significantly higher than that in fast walking group and control group.
Irkutsk school of mining engineers is celebrating 90th anniversary
Authors: Talgamer B. L.
Published: December 2021

It is in 1930 that the training of mining engineers began in Eastern Siberia on the basis of the Siberian Mining Institute (now Irkutsk National Research Technical University). In 1931 the Department of Mining Arts was organized, which later was named the Department of Mineral Deposits Development. Over the years, the Department has trained more than 7000 graduates – mining engineers, who made a huge contribution in the development of the mining industry in the Irkutsk region and neighboring territories including Mongolia. The Department has trained more than a hundred mining engineers and Masters of science for Mongolia; assisted the lecturers and professors of the Mongolian Polytechnic University (now Mongolian University of Science and Technology) in organizing the educational process for training specialists for the country's mining industry. At its different formation stages the Department of Mineral Deposits Development was headed by well-known scientists – mining engineers, who created three scientific schools for the development of coal, placer and gold deposits; the obtained scientific results were marked with two State awards of the Russian Federation, dozens of doctoral and candidate dissertations were defended and about 100 patents were received. Today, the Department super- vises the training of mining engineers in open-pit and underground mining of mineral deposits, carries out a large amount of research and design work on the orders from mining enterprises, trains academic staff, develops new technologies and technical solutions in order to improve mining operations. The Department is deeply involved in the cooperation with mining enterprises, research and design organizations, as well as with universities that train mining engineers.
Structure of the Erdenet ore district according to gravimetric data
Authors: Turutanov E. K. , Kanaykin V. S.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study is construction of a model of the upper crust structure of the ore region in Mongolia and the three-dimensional mapping of intrusive bodies with which copper-porphyry mineralization is associated. An areal gravity survey was carried out with an observation density of 1 point per 6 km2 with the measurement accuracy of ±0.8 mGal. As a result, it was found that copper-molybdenum ore occurrences of the area including the Erdenet ore district are confined to local gravitational minima, which are interpreted as thickening of the body of the Selenga granitoids. The latter are confined to local depressions of this body base. The spatial proximity of supply channels of small ore-bearing intrusions and large granitoid bodies of the Selenga complex has been established. Porphyry ore intrusions are confined to rather wide (about 10 km) zones located above the depressions of the base of all intrusions of the Selenga complex (both granitoid and diorite). Since the local base depressions of the granitoid intrusions correspond to the position of magma supply channels, ore-bearing small intrusions were introduced approximately in the same places where the supply channels of granitoid intrusions of the Selenga complex existed. Therefore, it can be assumed that this case is characterized by not only tectonic inheritance (confined to the same faults and their intersection points), but also by a genetic one, since residual melts of the same foci, in which intrusion magma of the Selenga complex was generated might be the sources of small intrusions. From this point of view, the expediency of distinguishing an independent Erdenet complex seems to be controversial. Geophysical data on the spatial proximity of specified intrusion supply channels permit only to raise the question of such expediency. The solution to this issue is possible on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of petrological and geochemical data.
Simulation of tectonic stress field and prediction of fracture distribution in shale reservoir
Authors: Ding Wenlong , Zeng Weite , Wang Ruyue , Jiu Kai , Wang Zhe , Sun Yaxiong , Wang Xinghua
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a finite element-based fracture prediction method for shale reservoirs was proposed using geostress field simulations, uniaxial and triaxial compression deformation tests, and acoustic emission geostress tests. Given the characteristics of tensile and shear fractures mainly developed in organic-rich shales, Griffith and Coulomb – Mohr criteria were used to calculate shale reservoirs' tensile and shear fracture rates. Furthermore, the total fracture rate of shale reservoirs was calculated based on the ratio of tension and shear fractures to the total number of fractures. This method has been effectively applied in predicting fracture distribution in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale reservoir in southeastern Chongqing, China. This method provides a new way for shale gas sweet spot optimization. The simulation results have a significant reference value for the design of shale gas horizontal wells and fracturing reconstruction programs.
Contamination of the Dzheltulak-1 river basin under alluvial gold mining (the Amur region)
Authors: Radomskaya V. I. , Radomskiy S. M. , Segrenev A. S. , Kulik S. Y.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the introduced research is to study the environmental impact of placer gold mining. The object of the study is natural and natural-man-made geosystems of the Dzheltulak-1 river located in the Amur region. The content of the main cations and microelements in water samples was determined by atomic emission and mass spectral methods. The content of micro- and rock-forming elements in bottom sediments and soils was determined by X-ray fluorescence using XRF-1800 X-ray spectrometer (Shimadzu, Japan). The results of the conducted studies indicate that the contents of iron, manganese, copper, aluminum, vanadium, molybdenum, mercury and ammonium ions exceed commercial fishery standards in a significant part of the surface water samples. It is found out that settlement ponds negatively affect the water quality in the river Dzheltulak-1 downstream due to the dam drainage. The highest concentrations of dissolved forms of mercury were noted in the water of the settlement ponds. The gross content of arsenic in the samples of bottom sediments and soils exceeds sanitary and hygienic standards by 2.7–14.5 times. The distributions of mercury as the most dangerous pollutant among the biogenic components of geochemical landscape were worked out in detail. Mercury contamination of soils was classified according to the forms of mercury occurrence: free, physically sorbed, chemisorbed, sulfide and isomorphic. It has been shown that the free form is characteristic of fresh mercury contamination due to the use of prohibited technological schemes for gold-bearing sands separation by the amalgamation method.
Music of Razak Abdul Aziz: Preparing Chosen Solo and Collaborative Piano Works for Two Academic Recitals
Authors:   School of The Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA, Zamani Mohd Fairuz ,   Faculty of Music and Performing Arts, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, MALAYSIA
Published: December 2021

For the first time in history, full-scale performances on musical compositions by a Malaysian composer, Razak Abdul Aziz, were presented through two academic recitals—27 July 2019 and 6 February 2020—at Orchestra Hall, Akademi Seni Budaya dan Warisan Kebangsaan (ASWARA). These recitals consisted of solo and collaborative piano works, performed by me and a team of music collaborators that were specifically selected for this purpose. Razak Abdul Aziz, who is still actively composing, spent most of his career life as an academic, first serving for Institut Teknologi MARA (ITM), then Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) until his retirement in November 2019. Besides fulfilling the academic requirements set by Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) for my doctoral degree, I had chosen to perform works by this composer as he is generally known to the local music community as one of the earliest contemporary composers in the country (started composing in the 1980s). Yet, a full-scale performance of his works was long overdue, though he had the opportunities to have some of his works premiered and performed on local and international platforms as part of concert programmes. This artist project talks about the preparation I made for both recitals, briefly explaining the creative process I journeyed through and the challenges I faced during this time span, discussing each work I had selected for these academic recitals. These recitals could, perhaps, be the pioneers in studying and performing works by Razak Abdul Aziz, hoping to expand this effort to national and international levels.
Job Satisfaction and Quality of Healthcare Delivery: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ogun State Hospitals Management Board, Nigeria
Authors: Jimoh Ahmed Babatunde
Published: December 2021

Job satisfaction is vitally necessary in the daily life of the workforce, and the essential elements, materials and mechanism that drives job satisfaction demand great attention. At present, the situation of healthcare workers in the employment of Ogun State Hospitals Management Board, Nigeria, seems to be less satisfied with the policies of the healthcare institutions. The study examined job satisfaction and the quality of healthcare delivery in Ogun State Hospitals Management Board (HMB) in Nigeria. This study adopted a cross-sectional design method and was conducted among the healthcare professionals in the study area. A total of 729 copies of a well-structured questionnaire were administered using a multi-staged sampling technique to obtain information from all the available healthcare professionals in the study area. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. Findings of this study revealed that 12.5 % of healthcare professionals in Ogun State Hospitals strongly agreed, 21.9% moderately, and 32% slightly agreed with the level of satisfaction of the leadership and management styles. 25.7% of the healthcare professionals disagreed (7.4% strongly, 4.0% moderately and 14.3% slightly) that they would recommend employment in the study area. The results further revealed that 47.9% of healthcare workers had a low level of job satisfaction that could lead to many factors. In addendum, 43.6% of the respondents believed that the healthcare delivery was not low but with moderate quality. The study concluded that majority of the healthcare workers had low level of job satisfaction. The quality of healthcare delivery is of medium quality. Finally, this study recommends that there should be an establishment of health and life insurance for health workers; improved health infrastructures; conducive work environment and working conditions; job security; regular and continuous training of healthcare professionals; and attractive rewards and compensation.
Healthcare Providers in Africa Face HIV and AIDS Challenges in Providing Services to a Key Population: Infant and Young Child Feeding
Authors: Alaro Nebiyu Lera
Published: December 2021

There is agreement on the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and the introduction of appropriate complementary foods at 6 months, followed by continued breastfeeding, for all infants. However, infant, and young child feeding (IYCF) guidelines for HIV-positive mothers have changed on a regular basis since 2000. Considering new HIV treatment guidelines, implementation challenges, and knowledge gaps, this article investigates issues and Evidence related to IYCF for the prevention and care of paediatric HIV in resource-limited settings. The effectiveness of antiretroviral medications (ARVs) in decreasing the incidence of HIV transmission from mother to child prompted WHO to urge countries to support either avoidance or treatment. Significant progress has been made in terms of preserving the lives of moms but also decreasing the spread of HIV among children, but long-term political, financial, and scientific commitment is essential for ensuring effective postnatal HIV prevention programs and providing for the nutritional requirements of HIV-exposed and HIV-infected infants.
Influence of Community-Based Interventions on Routine Immunization Uptake among Children Under Five Years in Ntungamo District-Uganda
Authors: Topher Byamukama
Published: December 2021

Evidence of the effectiveness of community-based interventions in improving immunization coverage in populations of low coverage is limited. Vaccine-preventable diseases is a major public health challenge in low-income countries where Uganda lies, and immunization is the only reliable strategy for child survival. The study's objective was to assess the influence of a community-based intervention on the uptake of immunization services to recommend strategies to health stakeholders to improve immunization coverage. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in three phases. Structured and key informant interviews were used as data collection tools. Phase one provided baseline data before the intervention, the second phase was a community-based intervention, and the third phase was post-intervention evaluation. There was no significant difference on the uptake of BCG, POLIO-0, POLIO-1, POLIO-2, DPTHeP-Hib1, DPTHeP-Hib2, PCV1 and PCV2 immunizations between the intervention and control group post-intervention (P= 1.00, α =0.5). The level of knowledge on immunization was 68.8% and 29.6% in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The difference between the two was statistically significant (P=0.00 = α= 0.5). There was a significant association between the level of knowledge of the caregivers on immunization and the uptake of immunization services (P=0.00, α=0.5). There was also a statistically significant difference in immunization coverage between the intervention and control groups (97.5%) and (75.1%) for the intervention and control groups, respectively. The difference was statistically associated with the community-based intervention (P =0.00, α=0.5). Community-based interventions influenced the uptake of routine immunization services.
Different Modalities to Assess Right Ventricular Function in Post-COVID Taking ST-Elevation as a Gold Standard and Arrhythmias in Post-COVID
Authors: Khandelwal Ritesh
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 caused by novel single-stranded RNA enveloped severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) first appeared in Wuhan, China. A lot of focus has been given to pulmonary complications. According to several case reports, cardiovascular associated clinical manifestations include myocarditis, arrhythmias, veno-thromboembolic events, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and pericarditis. Different modalities in diagnosis like 2D, doppler can help in the early diagnosis of right ventricular function. This study evaluates the cardiac changes in recovered COVID-19 positive patients by 2D echocardiogram and other modalities. In this prospective observational study, 139 participants recently recovered from COVID-19 illness were identified and recruited after obtaining the Informed concerned form (ICF). The patients once enrolled were subjected to 2D echo and ECG as part of routine clinical practice. Out of 139 patients, 89 (64.03%) were males, and the rest were females. Based on the severity scale, 13 (9.35%) participants had suffered a severe form of COVID-19 infection. Right ventricular functional assessment, right ventricular global strain (RVGLS) was abnormal in 72 (51.80%) participants. Arrhythmias were reported in 31 (22.30%) participants; among them, 30 participants had sinus bradycardia. Our study demonstrates the association between COVID-19 and cardiac changes/ incidence of cardiovascular complications in recovered COVID-19 patients. This study provides first-hand evidence of the incidence of abnormal LVGLS and RVGLS in COVID-19 recovered patients. In addition, there was a higher incidence of arrythmias.
Assessment of an Educational Intervention on the Perception of Adolescent Girls towards Menstrual Hygiene in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekeanyanwu Ugochinyere Chinasa
Published: December 2021

In low and middle-income countries, menstruation is impeded by several misconceptions, taboos and shrouded in secrecy. This serves as a major challenge to proper Education regarding menstrual hygiene and has blocked the access of adolescent girls to the right kind of information, thereby influencing a negative outcome associated with harmful behaviours. The objective of the study was to investigate the assessment of an educational intervention on the perception of adolescent girls towards menstrual hygiene in Ogun state, Nigeria. The study utilized a quasi-experimental design. One hundred and twenty (120) in-school adolescent girls were selected through a multistage sampling technique from four (4) secondary schools within four (4) local government areas in Ogun State, Nigeria. A validated 23-items questionnaire measured on a 69-point rating scale with a Cronbach Alpha scores 0.79 was used for data collection. The mean ±SD age and age at menarche of adolescent girls was 14.92±1.82; 12.73±1.38. The majority of respondents had low scores of perceptions. The educational intervention had an effective change in the level of perception of adolescent schoolgirls between baseline and the 6th-week follow-up, indicating a mean difference of 26.70 (p<0.01) for the peer-led, 26.54(p<0.01) parent-led, 20.16(p<0.01) parent and peer-led and a decrease in mean in the control group (-0.17; p=0.866). The peer-led educational approach had a better impact on adolescent girls’ perception compared to other educational approaches. Hence, this is an indication that peer-education strategies should be utilized for further interventions and in reaching out to adolescents.
Incidence and Prevalence of Hypertension among Inmates in Three Correctional Facilities in Lusaka Province Zambia
Authors: Himwaaba Gift
Published: December 2021

Hypertension also known as high blood pressure is a global public health issue that has become very common worldwide and can lead to major health outcomes, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and ultimately death. The main objective of this study was to assess the incidences and the prevalence of hypertension among inmates. A correctional facilities based descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the incidence and prevalence of hypertension among the inmates of Zambia’s Lusaka based three correctional facilities. A total of 311 inmates were included in this study of which 228 (73.3%) were males and 83 (26.7%) were females. Data was analyzed using STATA version 15.0 software package. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, fisher’s exact test and Logistic regression were used to examine, demographic characteristics, prevalence rate, correlation, risk factors and association in relation to hypertension. Among the participants 54 (17.4%) were found to be hypertensive. The median blood pressure for the hypertensive was 157.8/102 mmHg and the median blood pressure for non-hypertensive was 116/75 mmHg. Incarceration variables correlated with hypertension were, duration of incarceration p= 0.0001, reasons for detention p= 0.0001, type of inmate p= 0.0150. Old age, unemployed, major crimes, history of hypertension, smoking and body mass index were the risk factors for hypertension found among inmates. The prevalence of hypertension in the three correctional facilities in Zambia was found to be at 17.4%, which was lower than the prevalence rate in most studies reviewed and even lower than the prevalence rate in the general population of some selected districts in Zambia.
The Era of Covid-19; Its’ Impact on Cancer Patient Experience in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Henry Aisagbonhi
Published: December 2021

Patients have developed a well-informed sense of validation concerning maintaining hygiene standards. The pandemic, somehow in disguise, presented the valuable perspective of life reflection and gratitude. The attitude of a majority of patients engaged was immensely that of a deep reflection of the privilege of having access to early diagnosis, treatment, and adequate support. However, the complaints of the past, knowing that they are alive and have hope to keep fighting on with gratitude and sense of acceptance. However, they wished that the experience of the social media – health engagement platform should continue as it provided a good level of the bridge of gap of information. The cost of treatment remains a major concern as it largely translates to possible dropout from treatment courses for most cancer patients who can’t afford the current cost. The concerns of the cancer patients and survivors during and after the covid-19 pandemic are similarly a concern to public health professionals worldwide. The need to aid their return to routine health care services is more important and therefore requires an urgent reorganization of cancer management services. An urgent intervention should be focused on patient re-orientation /pandemic control, staff training and retraining, awareness campaign, screening and result accessibility, special pandemic services, amongst others. The outcome reflected a very huge level of poor cancer patient experience in the public cancer treatment centres, while the reverse is the case with the private cancer treatment centres. This can be managed if an urgent intervention as proffered is implemented.
Prevalence and Symptomatic Correlation of Vitamin D Deficiency in Individuals Visiting for an Annual Health Check-up – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Maurya Ashish Kumar
Published: December 2021

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in electrolytic reabsorption and calcium homeostasis, thereby maintaining skeletal and extra-skeletal integrity. In addition, the literature establishes its potency to prevent insulin-dependent diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, and various autoimmune disorders. Therefore, determining vitamin D deficient states and its correlation with systemic factors plays a notable role in clinical medicine. The present cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the Prevalence and symptomatic correlation of vitamin D deficiency in individuals visiting an annual health check-up at a quaternary care hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study stipulated the prevalence rate of serum vitamin D deficiency levels was 91 % among healthy individuals. The overall mean value of serum vitamin D was 17.54 ng/mL. With 91.2 % symptomatic individuals, the mean age of patients was 48.08 ± 10.33 years, with the majority of males (61.53 %). The mild, moderate, and severe grades of vitamin D deficiency were seen in 32.53 %, 53.01 %, and 14.45 % of study participants, respectively. On applying Pearson correlation, there is a strong negative correlation between the total symptom score (12.98) and serum vitamin D levels with an R-value of -0.788. The study reveals the higher prevalence rate of vitamin D deficiency among apparently healthy participants. The associated symptoms among moderate and severe vitamin D deficient study participants indicate the alarming stage in the country. The study concluded the need for comprehensive public health programs concerning the advantages of sun exposure and sufficient intake of fortified resources in the 21st-century lifestyle.
The Prevalence and Determinants of Anaemia among Clients of the AIDS Support Organisation-Entebbe, Uganda
Authors: Mukooza Edward Kibikyo
Published: December 2021

Anaemia, a common hematological disorder in HIV infection, compromises the quality of life and treatment outcomes. At The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO), Entebbe, the records for the 2016-2018 period show a 10% prevalence of anaemia which is lower than that in literature where it is said to be up to 95%. This study determined the prevalence, type, severity, and determinants of anaemia among people living with HIV and AIDS who receive care from TASO Entebbe in Uganda. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 624 TASO clients. A checklist identified the clients’ Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) combination and viral load. The selected clients’ Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated to assess their nutritional status. A Fully Automated Humacount 60TS Three-Part Hematology Analyzer was used to measure hemoglobin and to do a full blood count. A blood film from each sample was manually examined for the type of anaemia. Data analysis was done with Stata MP 15. The prevalence of anaemia was 44.4%, and the anaemia was mostly mild (54.15%) to moderate (40.80%). Anaemia of inflammation was the commonest type (>58%). Gender, viral suppression, nutritional status, nutritional education, marital and economic status were significantly associated with the anaemia. Duration on ART had a protective effect, but this was not statistically significant. The prevalence of anaemia (44.4%) among the TASO-Entebbe Uganda clients was high, but the anaemia was mostly mild to moderate (>94%) and of inflammation type (>58%). Management of anaemia in HIV requires intentional screening since it compromises treatment outcomes.
PERFIL DO USO DE MEDICAMENTOS ENTRE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Ramos Thales Brandi , Castilho Selma Rodrigues de
Published: December 2021

Os adolescentes formam um grupo alvo de frequente ação publicitária e alta prevalência de automedicação. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo traçar o perfil do uso de medicamentos por alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública do Rio de Janeiro. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com questionário semiestruturado envolvendo uso de medicamentos. Os resultados indicam que 31,90% dos estudantes fizeram uso regular, enquanto 77,16% usaram algum medicamento nos 15 dias anteriores à pesquisa, sendo os medicamentos mais citados dipirona, Dorflexâ e anticoncepcionais. O uso de medicamentos esteve relacionado ao gênero feminino, consultas médicas no último ano e a outros profissionais de saúde. O uso nos 15 dias anteriores também esteve relacionado a automedicação, prática cuja frequência regular foi relatada por 17,67% dos estudantes principalmente para alívio de dores (63,09%), alergia (17,35%) e alívio de tensões e estresses (10,41%). O elevado percentual de uso de medicamentos e automedicação reforçam a relevância da educação em saúde e da promoção do uso racional de medicamentos nas escolas.