bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 infection in schools in a northern French city: a retrospective serological cohort study in an area of high transmission, France, January to April 2020
Authors: Fontanet Arnaud , Tondeur Laura , Grant Rebecca , Temmam Sarah , Madec Yoann , Bigot Thomas , Grzelak Ludivine , Cailleau Isabelle , Besombes Camille , Ungeheuer Marie-Noëlle , Renaudat Charlotte , Perlaza Blanca Liliana , Arowas Laurence , Jolly Nathalie , Pellerin Sandrine Fernandes , Kuhmel Lucie , Staropoli Isabelle , Huon Christèle , Chen Kuang-Yu , Crescenzo-Chaigne Bernadette , Munier Sandie , Charneau Pierre , Demeret Caroline , Bruel Timothée , Eloit Marc , Schwartz Olivier , Hoen Bruno
Published: April 2021

Background

Children’s role in SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology remains unclear. We investigated an initially unnoticed SARS-CoV-2 outbreak linked to schools in northern France, beginning as early as mid-January 2020.

Aims

This retrospective observational study documents the extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, linked to an affected high school (n = 664 participants) and primary schools (n = 1,340 study participants), in the context of unsuspected SARS-CoV-2 circulation and limited control measures.

Methods

Between 30 March and 30 April 2020, all school staff, as well as pupils and their parents and relatives were invited for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing and to complete a questionnaire covering symptom history since 13 January 2020.

Results

In the high school, infection attack rates were 38.1% (91/239), 43.4% (23/53), and 59.3% (16/27), in pupils, teachers, and non-teaching staff respectively vs 10.1% (23/228) and 12.0% (14/117) in the pupils’ parents and relatives (p < 0.001). Among the six primary schools, three children attending separate schools at the outbreak start, while symptomatic, might have introduced SARS-CoV-2 there, but symptomatic secondary cases related to them could not be definitely identified. In the primary schools overall, antibody prevalence in pupils sharing classes with symptomatic cases was higher than in pupils from other classes: 15/65 (23.1%) vs 30/445 (6.7%) (p < 0.001). Among 46 SARS-CoV-2 seropositive pupils < 12 years old, 20 were asymptomatic. Whether past HKU1 and OC43 seasonal coronavirus infection protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection in 6–11 year olds could not be inferred.

Conclusions

Viral circulation can occur in high and primary schools so keeping them open requires consideration of appropriate control measures and enhanced surveillance.
THE IMPACT OF MANIPURI DANCE IN THE ROYAL COURT OF TRIPURA
Authors: Singha Sudeshna
Published: April 2021

Manipuri people are a small group of Tripura. During the time of the Maharaja’s these people’s song and music attained a very special status. Firstly, it was royal palace centered, secondly, in various places of Tripura in the Manipuri dominant areas and in their temples, mandaps or at various festivals. According to many writers it can be said clearly like a mirror the Manipuri culture touched Tripura during the tenure of Rajdhar Manikya from 1785 – 1804. And at that very same time the tenure of Manipuri king Bhagyachandra is 1759 – 61 and 1763 – 1798. The Manipuri Raas established by him later on achieved the status of Indian classical dance. In later times, Manipuri culture started influencing the royal palace right after Harisheshwari became the queen of Tripura. In that time’s Agartala that means in Old Agartala, near to the royal palace for the first time Radhamadhab temple was established. The name of the Manipuri dominant areas in this Old Agartala is Nalgaria. This is where Maharani Tulsibati took birth. According to the writer Udainarayan Adhikari – “The Manipuri’s who came to Tripura with Princes Harisheshwari of Manipur at the fag end of the 18th century as a result of her wedding with Rajdhar Manikya II of Tripura, were settled in a village near capital old Agartala. This village now goes by the name of Mekhlipara, because Mekhli was the Tripura name for Manipur in the days of yore. There is a small township called Ranir Bazar a few kilometres east of Old Agartala or Khayerpur. It was founded by the Manipuri queen Maharani Tulsibati. Her parents lived at Nalgadiya a little east of Ranirbazar. So she founded this bazaar or township in order to develop this area. The name Ranirbaazar reminds us that it was founded by a Rani (Maharani Tulsibati).
Enhancement of the rheological properties of bentonite mud using natural polymers
Authors: Muhammed Rufai  , Koyejo Oduola
Published: April 2021

This research work focuses on finding more effective polymers that can improve the rheological properties of bentonite mud. Various mud samples were formulated with natural polymers obtained from corn starch, cassava starch, purple potato starch, yellow potato starch and saw dust consisting of different masses which were not treated or purified by any chemical method before and after preparation along with the control mud. Rheology tests were carried out to determine the plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield point, gel strength among others. API standards were followed throughout the experimental study and the result from this investigation showed that increasing the concentration of polymers enhances the mud rheological properties studied at ambient condition, wherein thermal stability was exhibited up till 100°C. Thus, environmental friendly alternatives have been discovered for drilling fluid additives which are cheap, organic, bio-degradable, non-toxic and easily available
Using growth hormone as an adjuvant in IVF: Live birth outcomes from various poor prognosis scenarios
Authors: John L Yovich  , Shanthi Srinivasan  , Mark Sillender  , Shipra Gaur  , Philip Rowlands  , Peter M Hinchliffe
Published: April 2021

Following 5 recent studies at PIVET several female factors were defined which enabled the clear categorization for a poor prognosis in IVF, namely advanced female age ≥42 years, very low antral follicle count (AFC <5), very low serum anti-Mullerian hormone level (AMH<5pmol/L), serum Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1 level) in the lowest quartile, repetitive failed IVF cycles (≥3) and the failure of residual embryos to undergo cryopreservation. Following an Assessment Cycle (AC) to define the first 4 factors in IVF-naïve women, women were offered recombinant growth hormone (rGH) as an adjuvant at 1.0 IU daily for 6 weeks in the lead-up to the oocyte pick-up of their first IVF treatment cycle. Of 1173 women who proceeded directly into IVF after completing an AC, 252 women (21.5%) utilized rGH initiating 426 IVF cycles. Very low AFC and AMH levels were defined in 51 of the women who proceeded through 90 IVF treatment cycles utilizing rGH. Clinical outcomes included cancellation rates (reduced among rGH users, p<0.01), oocytes retrieved (no significant benefit from rGH), oocyte utilization (apparent benefit for rGH in older women with several factors), significant improvement in embryo utilization rates for older women with several factors (incremental cycles ≥3; p<0.002) or failure to achieve cryopreserved embryos (p<0.02). However, these benefits failed to translate into an improved pregnancy or live birth productivity rate nor a reduction in miscarriage rates; partly due to the low numbers of women with several poor prognosis factors. Furthermore, a note of caution emerged from this study as younger women who did not receive rGH had significantly better live birth outcomes (p<0.0001 from initiated cycles), regardless of the number of poor prognosis factors identified. Nonetheless, we encourage prospective studies to continue, focusing only on older women ≥40 years with low ovarian reserve and additional poor prognosis factors.
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) perspectives in Africa
Authors: Cheick Oumar Kangama
Published: April 2021

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is an important grain crop for millions of poor farmers and grown in tropical in tropical semi-arid regions of the world primarily in Africa and Asia. Pearl millet is well adapted to production system characterized by low rainfall (200-600mm), low soil fertility and high temperature. It is generally used as a temporary summer pasture crop or in some areas as a food crop.
Failure investigation into the boiler tubes of power plant
Authors: Badaruddin Soomro  , Muhammad Irfan  , Bilal Waseem  , Sumaira Nosheen  , Abdul Karim Aziz  , Hamza Butt
Published: April 2021

Failure of tubes is a very critical problem in boilers. The current study describes the detailed investigation for failure of boiler tubes in the power plants. Different characterization techniques like; metallography/microscopy, hardness, chemical analysis, SEM/EDS were utilized to find out the actual cause of failure. The tubes were failed within one year of its service. It was concluded that the brittle fracture (rupture) of tubes was occurred due to over-heating caused the formation of thermally insulating thick iron oxide scale on the inner surface of the boiler tube. Evidence of hydrogen embrittlement of the boiler tube in the rupture region was also found. Insights of this investigation might be helpful for the prevention of this type of failures in future.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) detection pitfalls
Authors: Pablo Goldschmidt
Published: April 2021

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (CoVID 19) provoked by Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2) require science-based responses. The aim of this work is to assess pitfalls found during the search of viral genomes due to sampling timing, swabbing, storage, heat-infectivity inactivation and further sample processing. According to several meta-analysis, on the day of symptom onset, the median false-negative rate is estimated to be 38% and decreased to 20% on day 8 (3 days after symptom onset) then increased to 66% on day 21 suggesting that rRT-PCRs adds little information immediately after exposure. RNA isolation from samples requires cautious handling using RNase-free solutions, pipet tips and glassware. The rRT PCR detection limits are estimated between 39 and 779 copies/mL but 3000 to 20.000 copies/ml for the antigen test. External cross contamination by imperceptible splatting requires risk management integrating the Pharmacopoeias by processing at least 10 negative contiguous to 10 positive controls in each sennries of 100 tests. . For Ct >34 it was suggested no transmissible disease. The detection of antibodies one month or later after clinical signs may confirm positivity. Lack of immune response in non-immune compromised asymptomatic people may invalidate positivity. False positive disrupts efficiency for containing infections and leads to societal anxiety undermining health workforce. Because spurious methods create confusion, each step of diagnosis requires quality-control and risk assessment, knowing that rRT PCRs amplify more than 10.000 million times the signal of 1 viral element
La Peste d’Albert Camus : une analyse de la société coloniale algérienne à travers le prisme de l’épidémie
Authors: Berardi Alessia
Published: April 2021

March 2020: as Coronavirus continues spreading across the globe, the well-known novel La Peste (1947) by Albert Camus appeals to new readers all over the world. This article offers a new modest reading of La Peste by adopting an approach which emerges from the intersection between Environmental Humanities and Postcolonial Studies. We will explore to what extent the plague is an allegory of human suffering and isolate the different levels on which the allegory may work. Furthermore, we will focus on the link between the representation of the plague outbreaking in Oran and the French-Algerian, multiethnic society. What will the ‘epidemic fiction’ reveal about social structures and practices in the context of colonial Algeria’s last years of existence, and how? The representation of the epidemic seems to mirror the inequalities of that colonial society that is not depicted in the novel, and yet it reminds the reader that societies are constructed and, thus, can be improved.
Luigi Gaffuri. Racconto del territorio africano
Authors: Boraso Silvia
Published: April 2021

Gaffuri, L. (2018). Racconto del territorio africano. Letterature per una geografia. Milano: Lupetti, 318 pp.
Effects of Buprenorphine, Chlorhexidine, and Low-level Laser Therapy on Wound Healing in Mice
Authors: Webb Donna R , Churchill Sheba R , Hill Georgette D , McGee Christopher A , Shi Min , King-Herbert Angela P , Blankenship-Paris Terry L
Published: April 2021

Systemic buprenorphine and topical antiseptics such as chlorhexidine are frequently used in research animals to aid in pain control and to reduce infection, respectively. These therapeutics are controversial, especially when used in wound healing studies, due to conflicting data suggesting
that they delay wound healing. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used to aid in wound healing without exerting the systemic effects of therapies such as buprenorphine. We conducted 2 studies to investigate the effects of these common treatment modalities on the rate of wound healing
in mice. The first study used models of punch biopsy and dermal abrasion to assess whether buprenorphine HCl or 0.12% chlorhexidine delayed wound healing. The second study investigated the effects of sustained-released buprenorphine, 0.05% chlorhexidine, and LLLT on excisional wound healing.
The rate of wound healing was assessed by obtaining photographs on days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 9 for the punch biopsy model in study 1, days 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, and 13 for the dermal abrasion model in study 1, and days 0, 3, 6, and 10 for the mice in study 2. Image J software was used to analyze
the photographed wounds to determine the wound area. When comparing the wound area on the above days to the original wound area, no significant differences in healing were observed for any of the treatment groups at any time period for either study. Given the results of these studies, we believe
that systemic buprenorphine, topical chlorhexidine, and LLLT can be used without impairing or delaying wound healing in mice.
Pandemic Preparedness in Animal Facilities
Authors: Lerat Hervé , Delis Philippe , Bussell James , Gonin Patrick
Published: April 2021

Coping ethically with dramatic changes such as those occurring in times of pandemics is a difficult challenge for animal facilities and for researchers using animals for scientific purposes. Managing such situations is impossible without a specific contingency plan. However, because
pandemics are rare events, they have not been included in some disaster plans. We present here various ways to manage the broad and rapid changes that may be necessary during a pandemic, focusing on actions for optimizing the conservation of animals while ensuring continuous high standards
of animal welfare. The proposed approach is graduated and encompasses research, researchers, animal caretakers, supply chains, and logistics.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO EVALUATION OF COMPONENT INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL IN BUSINESS PROCESSES OF INTEGRATED STRUCTURES
Authors: Nifatova Оlena , Dudko Pavlo
Published: April 2021

Background and objectives. In today's information economy intangible assets play a more important role than tangible assets. An intellectual capital is used to determine intangible assets that enable a firm to increase its market value. In turn, the intellectual capital of an integrated business structure – a qualification, experience, staff motivation, knowledge, technology and communication channels are able to create added value providing a competitive advantage businesses.Methods. The methods used: method of analysis of hierarchies – to establish the importance (priority) of the selected components of the potential of intellectual synergy; expert evaluation method – to assess the potential of intellectual synergy of the integrated business structure; graphical – for a visual representation of analytical calculations.Findings. The results obtained in the pairwise comparison constituents potential intellectual synergy integrated business structure are as follows: within the component "human capital" greatest value on a scale of intensity has subconstituent "loyal employees" to part "structural capital" – "business model" for component "brand capital" – "trademarks/ brands". The results obtained when comparing the components together on a scale of intensity showed that the most important component of intellectual capital is the "human capital".Conclusion. The study revealed the importance of examined components of intellectual potential synergies, which include three subsystems: the potential of human capital, structural capital potential, the potential of brand equity and the comparison of them in terms of each individual business units using the analytic hierarchy process. The conducted study proves that the integration of intellectual capital management into the overall management system of the integrated business structure is a necessary condition for the harmonious combination of all systems of individual business units. That study has significant implications for brand management of integrated business structures by providing empirical evidence that can improve understanding of the need to prioritize the components of intellectual capacity.
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: MODELS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: Kalyta Petro
Published: April 2021

Problem statement and tasks. It is known that the state of the Ukrainian economy is unsatisfactory and needs significant improvement. To change the situation for the better, the President of Ukraine issued a Decree "On Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine for the period until 2030", which is a guide to the latest development of the country focused on people. Besides, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine approved the Principles of Social Responsibility adopted by the United Nations. However, the real sustainable development of the country can not be achieved without advanced management systems that ensure at different organizational levels of management the adoption and implementation of a set of agreed management decisions adequate to situations and their changes. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the state of system management in Ukraine, as well as the state of training of Ukrainian specialists in specialty "management", on which the creation, application, and improvement of management systems in organizations (companies, institutions) depend to the greatest extent.Research methods. In the course of this research methods of comparative analysis, data analysis by their grouping, and generalization of information have been applied.Results. Conceptual models of sustainable development of both individual organizations and Ukraine as a whole are proposed. The key role of modern system management in ensuring competitiveness and sustainable development is pointed out. The state of system management in Ukraine and the state of training specialists in specialty "management" in the Ukrainian higher education institutions are analyzed; shortcomings are identified and suggestions for their elimination are provided. An inadequate translation of the "management" concept’s definition in the DSTU ISO 9000:2015 is revealed and the causes and consequences of this fundamental error are investigated. Conclusions. Since Ukraine got its independence until today, due attention has not been paid to system management development there. There is no central executive body responsible for the development of system management in the country as a whole. The problem of system management improvement has not been reflected either in any government policy or in any development strategy for specific life spheres. Public sector organizations, in particular, executive governmental authorities and business companies mainly use outdated imperfect management systems. In the country, there is a confusion in the understanding of the "management" concept, which has led to the inadequate definition of knowledge areas and specialties. The stage of manager’s education in the Ukrainian higher education institutions does not meet the needs of Ukraine's development and its economy in the conditions of a globalized saturated market. To eliminate the mentioned shortcomings and improve the situation, it is urgent to change the attitude to this extremely important component of state-building.
The accuracy of pulmonary ultrasound in the diagnosis and monitoring of community-acquired pneumonia in women of childbearing age
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhao Xiao-Dong , Wang Gang , Li Wei-Ming , Guo Hua , Gou Jia-Mei , Feng Guo-Juan , Rao Jing
Published: April 2021

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of pulmonary ultrasound in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in women of childbearing age. Methods: From June 2014 to July 2018, a total of 275 suspected CAP patients (20–45 years old) were enrolled, including 87 pregnant women and 188 non-pregnant women. All subjects underwent lung ultrasonography at admission, and non-pregnant women also underwent chest X-ray and pulmonary CT examination. CT-positive patients were treated with 7–10 days of anti-infective treatment, and the results of chest X-ray, lung ultrasound, and chest CT were reviewed. Lung consolidation with pneumonia morphological features was evaluated and compared with CT. Results: Of the 188 non-pregnant patients, 48 were diagnosed with CAP. Pulmonary ultrasonography, chest X-ray and lung CT diagnosis of CAP were almost identical (kappa coefficient was 0.691, 0.578, respectively). After 48 days of anti-infective treatment in 48 non-pregnant women, the sensitivity, specificity and positive release ratio of pulmonary ultrasound for pneumonia were 10.923 and 13. Among the 87 pregnant women with suspected CAP, 32 were positive in pulmonary ultrasonography, 7 were positive in pulmonary ultrasound after 7–10 days of treatment, and pregnant women with CAP were admitted to the hospital and treated with ultrasound. There was no statistical difference in ultrasound. Conclusion: Pulmonary ultrasound can be used as the primary means of diagnosing CAP in women of childbearing age.
Physical trauma etiologies in pregnancy in Turkey
Authors: Kavurmacı Seda Akgün , Gülbahar Ayşegül
Published: April 2021

Background: Pregnancy and trauma combination is a rare condition which requires additional attention. Adequate experience and a multidisciplinary approach are important to maintain maternal and fetal health. This study aimed to analyze trauma cases during pregnancy. Methods: We investigated the data of pregnant womens who were admitted to our emergency department after trauma between 2014 and 2019. We recorded trauma etiologies and the distribution of etiologies based on variables such as age, gravidity number and pregnancy week. In addition, we analyzed obstetric/non-obstetric injuries and pregnancy outcomes. Results: This study included 1031 cases. The mean age was 25.9 ± 5.8 (15–48) years. The second trimester had the highest number of trauma cases (411 [39.9%]), whereas the first trimester had the lowest (221 [21.4%] patients). Trauma cases were highest during the first pregnancy (420 [40.7%]). Blunt trauma was the main trauma mechanism (1007 of 1031 cases [97.7%]). The most common trauma etiology was simple fall (SF) (503 [48.8%]). The second common trauma mechanism was assault and affected 180 (17.5%) of patients. In 46 (25.6%) cases assailant was patients partner. The most common obstetric symptom was vaginal bleeding (2.7%), and the most common bone fracture was tibial fracture (0.5%). Conclusions: The etiologies of trauma in pregnant women significantly differ from the normal population. SFs and assaults play a major role in the etiology. Knowledge of the distribution of these etiologies according to pregnancy week may allow preventive measures to be taken.
Change in uterine artery blood flow with intrauterine balloon tamponade
Authors: Shimaoka Ryuichi , Shiga Tomomi , Morishige Ken-ichirou
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in uterine artery blood flow in cases of intrauterine balloon tamponade (IBT). This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 132 patients who underwent singleton cesarean section. IBT was performed in 35 of the 132 patients. There were 21 cases of placental mediated pregnancy complications (PMPC), which were not included in the IBT group. Placental positional abnormalities were significantly more common in the IBT group than in the control group (89% vs. 9%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified PMPC as a factor affecting the immediate preoperative uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI). Finally, PMPC was excluded and we assessed 35 and 76 patients assigned to the IBT and control groups, respectively. We compared changes in uterine artery blood flow with and without IBT and by balloon volume. In the IBT group, the immediate pre- and postoperative UtA-PIs were significantly lower (0.56 ± 0.18 vs. 0.63 ± 0.15, P = 0.011, statistical power = 0.577) and higher (1.37 ± 0.66 vs. 0.96 ± 0.28, P < 0.001, statistical power = 0.986), respectively, than those in the control group. The immediate postoperative UtA-PIs depending on balloon expansion volume were 1.13 ± 0.60, 1.24 ± 0.57, and 1.71 ± 0.75, with balloon volumes of 100–199 mL, 200–299 mL, and 300–399 mL, respectively. In summary, IBT during cesarean section increases the immediate post-operative UtA-PI, and tends to increase with increase in balloon volume.
Low molecular weight heparin in pregnancies with persistently abnormal uterine artery Doppler, does it make a difference? A prospective proof of concept study
Authors: Fattah Eman Aly Abd El
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Trophoblastic invasion converts the uteroplacental circulation into a low resistance, high capacitance system. Defective invasion causes hypoperfusion and pregnancy complications. Early pregnancy uterine artery Doppler demonstrates low end-diastolic velocities. Its PI and RI decrease with increasing gestation. Aim of the study: Examing the effect of adding low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to low-dose aspirin on persistent high uterine artery Doppler indices and its impact on fetal growth and pregnancy outcome. Patients and methods: After approval of Alexandria university ethics committee, pregnant cases with positive past history of placental vascular complication including; placental abruption, pre-eclampsia, small-for-gestational age (SGA) pregnancies and fetal growth restriction were recruited. All selected patients were in good general health without previous history of Diabetes Mellitus or thyroid disorders or cardiac diseases. Patients with thrombocytopenia, bleeding tendencies, multiple pregnancies, and pregnancies complicated by fetal or neonatal chromosomal or structural anomalies were excluded from the study. Eligible patients were 412, all were subjected to uterine artery Doppler measurement in the first trimester. 148 cases had high uterine artery Doppler PI, they were given low dose aspirin and were re-evaluated at 22–24 weeks gestation. 58 cases had persistently high uterine artery Doppler PI, they were allocated into 2 groups each of 29 cases; Group A LMWH with aspirin. Group B only low dose aspirin. 50 pregnants with normal uterine artery Doppler PI from the start were taken as a control group. All participants were followed up at 28–30 and 34–36 weeks. Primary outcome: Normal uterine, umbilical and cerebral artery Doppler measurements after LMWH. Secondary outcome: Prevention of pregnancy complications and neonatal complications. Results: Uterine and umbilical artery Doppler and amount of liquor significantly improved. Conclusion: LMWH influenced uterine artery and umbilical Doppler measurements and amount of liquor and reduced the risk of neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.
Is routine X-ray pelvimetry of value to decide on mode of delivery for women with labor dystocia?
Authors: Kawakami Kaori , Tanaka Yuria , Ikeda Yuji , Komatsu Atsushi , Kobayashi Osamu , Nakajima Takahiro , Nakao Takehiro , Takeya Chiaki , Asai-Sato Mikiko , Chishima Fumihisa , Iwata Misako , Kawana Kei
Published: April 2021

X-ray pelvimetry is used for evaluation of pelvic inlet generally to diagnose cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) or contracted inlet. Cesarean section delivery (C/S) is often performed for labor dystocia without CPD or contracted inlet. We examined whether X-ray pelvimetry is useful to decide on mode of delivery in women with dystocia. A total of 1118 pregnant women received X-ray pelvimetry before or during labor. 205 women with cesarean deliveries for indications except for dystocia were excluded. 913 women undergoing induction/augmentation were retrospectively investigated. Obstetrical and maternal variables were analyzed by univariate, multivariate or ROC analysis. Among 913 women, 37 including three with contracted inlet and seven with CPD, gave birth by C/S, whereas 876 gave birth by vaginal delivery. Low maternal height, older age, small obstetrical conjugate, large weight and infant head size were associated with risk of C/S for dystocia. Multivariate analysis revealed that the obstetrical conjugate was an independent variable for risk of C/S. The area under the ROC curve and the optimal cut-off values, respectively, were as follows: obstetrical conjugate: 0.68 and 11.7 cm (odds ratio = 4.27), transverse diameter: 0.59 and 11.4 cm (odds ratio = 1.82), maternal height: 0.70 and 155.5 cm (odds ratio = 4.33), and maternal weight before pregnancy: 0.55 and 49.7 kg (odds ratio = 1.98). The obstetrical conjugate was an independent variable associated with risk of C/S for dystocia. Maternal height was comparable to the conjugate in term of diagnostic ability. Our data suggested that routine X-ray pelvimetry was not beneficial to identify women at risk of C/S for dystocia.
Application of ultrasound in hepatic pregnancy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Li Xiao-Hua , Zhou Jian-Kun , Cheng Jing-Dan
Published: April 2021

As an ectopic pregnancy, hepatic pregnancy is extremely rare. Early diagnosis and treatment may prevent acute bleeding caused by the invasion of trophoblasts into maternal hepatic vessels. Here, we report a case of hepatic pregnancy diagnosed by ultrasonography in early pregnancy. Diagnostic laparoscopy, followed by laparotomy, was carried out and the intrahepatic mass was excised, and pathological results confirmed the ultrasonographic findings. Based on a current literature review, this report aims to investigate the ultrasonic features of hepatic pregnancy and summarize the application of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic pregnancy.
LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING KOMPREHENSIF
Authors: rahmawati Laily wulan
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKBimbingan dan konseling adalah upaya dalam memberikan pelayanan bantuan kepada anak agar mampu mandiri dan berkembang secara optimal. Tujuan bimbingan dan konseling agar anak dapat memilih, mempersiapkan diri, memegang tanggung jawab dan mendapatkan hal yang berharga dari keputusan yang diambilnya.
Prinsip-prinsip BK
Authors: S Septila Fani
Published: April 2021

In openness, guidance and counseling are also efforts to help show humans optimally both in groups and individually according to their human nature with various potentials, strengths and weaknesses, weaknesses and problems. The administration of guidance and counseling services and activities, in addition to being loaded by function, is also based on the principles of guidance and fulfills a number of guiding principles. Fulfillment of these principles and principles will facilitate implementation and better guarantee services / activities, while their denial will be able to hinder or even thwart the implementation and or reduce obscure results of service activities.
Synergistic Effects of Air Content and Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Reducing Damage Caused by Calcium Oxychloride Formation in Concrete
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Nima , Suraneni Prannoy
Published: April 2021

Pavement damage occurs in cold-region concrete exposed to high concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl2). The damage is caused by a combination of conventional freeze-thaw damage and the formation of a deleterious phase known as calcium oxychloride from a reaction between CaCl2 and calcium hydroxide in the concrete. Much research has focused on calcium oxychloride mitigation in cement pastes, but not on concrete damage due to calcium oxychloride. In this study, the synergistic roles of air and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in reducing damage in concrete exposed to high concentrations of CaCl2 and freeze-thaw conditions is studied. Concrete mixtures were made with different SCM replacement levels and air contents ranging from 1.8 to 8.0% and immersed in 25% CaCl2 solutions and subject to freeze-thaw cycles (-8 °C to 25 °C) for 600 days. Bulk resistivity and visual assessment of damage were found to be excellent descriptors of the damage progression. Damage was reduced as the SCM content and air content was increased. Mixtures which had 20% SCM and 8% air and mixtures which had 35% SCM and more than 4% air showed strong durability against damage due to calcium oxychloride formation.
The text-package: An R-package for Analyzing and Visualizing Human Language Using Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning
Authors: Kjell Oscar Nils Erik , Giorgi Salvatore , Schwartz H. Andrew
Published: April 2021

The language that individuals use for expressing themselves contains rich psychological information. Recent significant advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Deep Learning (DL), namely transformers, have resulted in large performance gains in tasks related to understanding natural language. However, these state-of-the-art methods have not yet been made easily accessible for psychology researchers, nor designed to be optimal for human-level analyses. This tutorial introduces text (https://r-text.org/), a new R-package for analyzing and visualizing human language using transformers, the latest techniques from NLP and DL. The text-package is both a modular solution for accessing state-of-the-art language models and an end-to-end solution catered for human-level analyses. Hence, text provides user-friendly functions tailored to test hypotheses in social sciences for both relatively small and large datasets. This tutorial describes methods for analyzing text, providing functions with reliable defaults that can be used off-the-shelf as well as providing a framework for the advanced users to build on for novel pipelines. The reader learns about three core methods: 1) textEmbed(): to transform text to modern transformer-based word embeddings; 2) textTrain() and textPredict(): to train predictive models with embeddings as input, and use the models to predict from; 3) textSimilarity() and textDistance(): to compute semantic similarity/ditance scores between texts. The reader also learns about two extended methods, 1) textProjection()/textProjectionPlot() and 2) textCentrality()/textCentralityPlot(): to examine and visualize text within the embedding space.
Snapshot of a social movement: mental health and protest classes in Hong Kong
Authors: Li Adrienne , CHAK Wai Ho , Yuen Kenneth S.L.
Published: April 2021

Background: Popular protests have broken out in worldwide, particularly in the last few years. In 2019, numerous demonstrations against an extradition bill occurred in Hong Kong until pandemic restrictions were imposed. The policing response relied heavily on methods such as batons, tear gas and rubber bullets. Given the relevance for other geographical contexts, the current study investigated the mental health impacts on protest participants and spillover to community members.Methods: Surveys were disseminated on social media in August and October 2019 to collect demographics, political views, protest participation, exposure to (protest-related) potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and mental health symptoms. A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted using demographic data and inter-class differences in PTEs and mental health symptoms were examined.Results: There were 37,541 (59.8% female) and 40,703 (50.0% female) responses in August and October. Respondents, even those with low participation, reported significant levels of depression, anxiety, and symptoms of traumatic stress (STS). The LCA suggested a 5-class solution (youth, allies, supporters, sympathizers, and frontliners). Mental health symptoms and PTEs varied with class membership, with 50.8% of frontliners reporting severe STS.Limitations: The non-random sampling and self-reported measures may over-estimate the prevalence of mental distress in the wider population.Conclusions: Large numbers of pro-democracy supporters in Hong Kong reported high rates of depression, anxiety and STS during mass protests. Younger and more heavily involved respondents faced the highest mental health risks, however elevated rates were also observed for respondents with low participation.
The Wealth Inequality of Nations
Authors: Pfeffer Fabian T. , Waitkus Nora
Published: April 2021

Comparative research on income inequality has produced several coherent frameworks to study the institutional determinants of income stratification. In contrast, no such framework and much less empirical evidence exist to explain cross-national differences in wealth inequality. This situation is particularly lamentable as cross-national patterns of inequality in wealth diverge sharply from those in income. We seek to pave the way for new explanations of cross-national differences in wealth inequality by tracing them to the influence of different wealth components. Drawing on the literatures on financialization and housing, we argue that housing equity should be the central building block of the comparative analysis of wealth inequality.Using harmonized data on fifteen countries included in the Luxembourg Wealth Study (LWS), we first demonstrate a lack of association between national levels of income and wealth inequality and concentration. Using decomposition approaches, we then estimate the degree to which national levels of wealth inequality and concentration relate to cross-national differences in wealth portfolios and the distribution of specific asset components. Considering the role of housing equity, financial assets, non-housing real assets, and non-housing debt, we reveal that cross-national variation in wealth inequality and concentration is centrally determined by the distribution of housing equity. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)
ESTIMATION OF CARBON RESERVED IN MANGROVE FOREST OF SUNGAI SEMBILAN SUB-DISTRICT, DUMAI CITY, RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Handoyo Edi , Amin Bintal , Elizal Elizal
Published: April 2021

Increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is one of the factor which cause global warming. CO2 sequestration through mangrove forests is believed to be one of the efforts to reduce CO2 in atmosphere. This research was conducted in July 2019, aimed at estimating mangrove biomass, mangrove carbon stocks, soil organic carbon, and CO2 sequestration in mangrove forests in the coastal areas of Sungai Sembilan District, Dumai City, Riau Province. This research was conducted using the line transect plot method. Sampling is done by non destructive sampling by measuring DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) of mangrove trees, and soil sampling is done in a composite manner in each plot.. Mangrove biomass calculations done using allometric equations. Then, biomass is converted to carbon stock and CO2 sequestration, where the percentage value of carbon was 0.47 of biomass. As for the organic soil carbon calculation is done by multiplying the bulk density values, the percentage value of 0.47 and a depth of soil carbon.The results showed that the average estimated amount of mangrove biomass, mangrove carbon stocks, soil carbon stocks and CO2 sequestration were 621.46 tons/ha, 289.22 tons/ha, 1819.31 tons/ha and 1074.99 tons/ha. ANOVA analysis results showed that the amount of mangrove biomass, mangrove carbon stock, soil carbon stock and CO2 sequestration between stations were not significantly different (p> 0.05).
POPULATION DENSITY AND LENGHT-WEIGHT REALTIONSHIP IN MANGROVE GASTROPOD Cerihidea cingulata AND Littoraria scabra OF PANGKALAN SESAI VILLAGE, DUMAI CITY
Authors: Bariddah Sania , Nasution Syafruddin , Nedi Syahril
Published: April 2021

Cerithidea cingulata and Littoraria scabra are type of snail that use mangrove ecosystems as one of their habitat. Dumai is one of the industrial cities in the province of Riau, where various kinds of human activities can disrupt the ecosystem of mangroves and its associated biota. This research was conducted in October 2018 in the Mangrove Forest Area (PAB) of Pangkalan Sesai village of Dumai City, aiming to determine population densities and length-weight relationship of C. cingulata and L. scabra. The method used in this study is a survey method. Sampling was conducted by using the line transect method, where each station consists of 3 transects and each transect consists of 3 sampling points as replications. The results showed the population density of C. cingulata and L. scabra snails was higher than at stations near the Dumai river estuary compared with the population near by mangrove forest and length-weight relationship showed that the growth patterns of both C. cingulata and L. scabra were allometric negative and have strong correlation value.
MICROPLASTIC DISTRIBUTION IN SEDIMENTS IN COASTAL OF PARIAMAN CITY, WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE
Authors: Sianturi Kalfin Putra Triau , Amin Bintal , Galib Musrifin
Published: April 2021

Pariaman City is a tourist destination in West Sumatra which in turn may be vulnerable to plastic waste pollution. This study was conducted in February 2020 in the coastal area of Pariaman City with the aim to determine the type and abundance of microplastic and to determine if there are any differences in the number of microplastics between stations and between depths of the sediment. The Survey method was applied and collected data from the field as well as from laboratory analysis were then analyzed and discussed. The results of the study showed that the type of microplastics found from the studied area were fragments, films, and fibres. The most common type found was fibre (59.01 %). The average abundance of microplastics at each station ranged from 178.89 – 235.56 particles/kg of dry sediment. The lowest abundance was at station 1 and the highest was at station 3. The average abundance of microplastic at 0-10 cm depth of dry sediment layer was 199.26 particles/kg and 220.00 particles/kg of dry sediment at 10-20 cm depth. ANOVA and t-test analysis showed that the quantity of microplastic between stations and between two different depths was not significantly different (p >0,05).
JAJANAN TRADISIONAL GO ONLINE: SOSIALISASI MARKET PLACE BAGI PELAKU UMKM JAJANAN TRADISIONAL DI DESA TEMPURSARI KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Sari Septyana Luckyta , Wardoyo Putro Prima Utama
Published: April 2021

Masih minimnya pengetahuan masyarakat pelaku UMKM terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pemasaran menjadikan pemasaran produk UMKM kurang optimal, apalagi ditengah kondisi pandemi seperti saat ini. Oleh karena itu pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperkenalkan pemanfaatan teknologi internet dalam pemasaran produk UMKM. Objek kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah UMKM jajanan tradisional yang berada di Desa Tempursari Kabupaten Madiun. Kegiatan ini meliputi pengenalan teknologi sebagai media marketing, pembuatan logo usaha, pembuatan kemasan produk, dan pembuatan akun usaha UMKM pada market place. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan seperti: identifikasi masalah, survei lapangan, perencanaan kegiatan, implementasi kegiatan, evaluasi, dan penyusunan laporan. Adapun indikator keberhasilan program ini adalah dengan mengukur tiga indikator seperti pengetahuan, sikap dan kesadaran, serta keterampilan. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah dilaksanakannya kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Bertambahnya pengetahuan pelaku UMKM terkait manfaat pemasaran secara daring, 2) Mulai tumbuh sikap dan kesadaran pelaku UMKM tentang pentingnya teknologi dalam menjalankan bisnis mereka, 3) bertambahnya keterampilan pelaku UMKM dalam hal marketing berbasis daring serta adanya keterampilan dalam membuat kemasan produk yang menarik.
Care Needs and Migration: Household Determinants of Internal Labour Migration in Vietnam
Authors: Haemmerli Guillaume , Bélanger Danièle , Fleury Charles
Published: April 2021

Migration stands as a livelihood strategy for households in Southeast Asia. Recent literature calls for the study of migration at the household level and for the consideration of care needs among the determinants of migration. Based on the case of Vietnam, this article contributes to past research by providing a longitudinal analysis of how household care needs may influence the use of internal migration as a livelihood strategy. Using a household life-course perspective that recognizes how family care needs evolve over time, this article tests if care needs influence the propensity for a household to have one or more new member-out-migrants over time. We operationalize care needs through the household dependency ratio, health care and education expenditures. Multivariate analyses are based on longitudinal data from three passages of the Vietnam Living Standards Survey of 2010, 2012, and 2014. Results indicate that households needing to cover costs of children’s education are more likely to engage in migration than those with health care needs. These results reinforce the idea that migration requires certain conditions to occur and that the immediate care needs that require co-presence tend to prevent, rather than incite, migration at the household level. Overall, the analysis indicates that evolving care needs and household members’ capacities to provide for modify the way households organize and deploy their workforce over space and time.
Is it Possible for Single Parents to Successfully Raise Children? Multilevel Analysis of Attitudes Toward Single Parents in 22 Welfare States
Authors: Hakovirta Mia , Kallio Johanna , Salin Milla
Published: April 2021

Drawing from the 2012 International Social Survey Programme’s data for 22 countries, this article analyses the variation in attitudes toward single parents and the determinants of those attitudes from a cross-national perspective. Findings indicated that the most positive attitudes toward single parents were in Nordic countries, except Finland. The attitudes were the most negative in Eastern European countries. At the individual level, women, younger people, people voting on the political left, Protestants, and people with low religiosity evidenced more approval than their counterparts. At the country level, attitudes were more positive toward single parents in countries where the proportion of single parents were high or where egalitarianism (regarding gender roles) was more evident.
Design and Delivery of the Clinical Integrative Puzzle as a Collaborative Learning Tool
Authors: Boller Elise , Courtman Natalie , Chiavaroli Neville , Beck Catherine
Published: April 2021

Well-designed collaborative learning tools can provide an opportunity for engaging student experiences that foster deep learning and act as a scaffold for enculturation to the profession through refinement of professional collaborative skills. The clinical integrative puzzle is a paper-and-pencil or computer-based teaching and learning activity that combines disciplinary knowledge with clinical reasoning and problem solving. Effective design and implementation of clinical integrative puzzles requires a multidisciplinary approach to design, a positive classroom climate, and a set of illness scripts (e.g., clinical cases or scenarios) that are similar yet have key differentiating features that provide students with the opportunity to exercise clinical reasoning skills. The tool allows students to co-construct knowledge and develop professional competencies and allows instructors to assess and respond to student learning in a safe and supportive environment, even with large student numbers. The tool can also be used in a summative fashion. This article provides a brief review of the use of this instructional tool and offers tips for design and implementation.