bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Modular Converters with Automatic Interleaving for Synchronous Generator Based Wind Energy System
Authors: Zulqarnain Maira
Published: May 2021

Among different options available for wind energy system, this research is focused on direct driven Synchronous generator based variable speed wind turbines that are connected to power grid via modular converter units. Compared to single full size power converter, modular design has higher reliability/redundancy, better harmonic performance, lower developmental cost and higher efficiency.

Better harmonic performance of modular structure is possible through interleaving which effectively reduces ripple in the output current, enabling use of smaller sized filter components. Focus of this research is to design a controller that can perform automatic interleaving of modular three-phase converters used in above cited wind energy system. Developed control algorithm will have critical decisions carried out by local controllers. With minimum communication overhead the controller will ensure interleaved operation of parallel modules under all conditions. Developed control algorithm is verified through simulation and laboratory testing. Results prove effectiveness of the designed controller.
Sustainable fashion design: transformable garments for versatility and longevity
Authors: Gong Minjie
Published: May 2021

Practical explorations of transformable garment design are the core of my research, which aims to create sustainable design from an innovative perspective. This transformable design project creates a garment constructed from smaller components which can each be separated and recombined. The garment can be transformed, therefore, to reflect a wide variety of styles by detaching or replacing its individual components. This new, ecological design method for a multi-purpose garment reduces fabric waste, extends garment life span and engages the consumer in sustainable practices.
Transformable garments have a unique advantage in that they can both attract consumers and contribute to sustainable fashion. While this transformable project demonstrates great potential for design which cannot be fully explored here, the study provides critical insight into designer and consumer interests and practices in fashion sustainability. Along with providing greater awareness of sustainability issues in the fashion industry, the designs in this project bring sustainable fashion ideals one step closer to the mainstream.
Deciding if homecare is right for me : the experience of the new graduate nurse
Authors: Patterson Erin
Published: May 2021

The experiences of new graduate nurses who begin their careers in homecare are not well understood. As such, the purpose of the study was to understand the meaning of new graduate nurses employment in home health care in relation to their decision to remain in or leave homecare nursing practice. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used with the goal of understanding the new graduate nurses’ experiences. Eight new graduate nurses who began their careers in homecare participated in this study. Through data analysis, the overarching theme Deciding if homecare is right for me emerged. The meanings of the participants’ experiences are further understood through the three essential themes (a) Do I have what it takes? (b) It’s therelationships that count, and (c) It’s not what I expected. Several recommendations stemming for these study findings are presented as they relate to nursing education, practice, policy, and research.
Under-representation of visible minorities in Canada's political system : a case study of the Chinese community in Toronto
Authors: Wang Shuguang
Published: May 2021

This study explores the role identity plays in Canadian politics, taking the Chinese community in Toronto as a case study. The study aims to answer two general questions: why is the Chinese community in Toronto statistically under-represented in Canada's municipal, provincial and federal elected positions? What is the community's perception of political representation and participation and their future role in Canadian politics? This study concludes that the patterns of racial minority political representation and participation are shaped by both their cultural tradition in their countries of origin and their experiences in Canadian society. The dual status of immigrants and visible minority has negatively affected their capacity to participation. Unfavorable political opportunity structure for visible minorities in general also constitutes systemic barriers for Chinese Canadians' political representation. The Chinese community is aware of their weak political status in Toronto and seeking ways to improve the situation.
The Effect of Unsteady Stretch on Laminar Premixed Curved Flames
Authors: Sahafzadeh Meysam
Published: May 2021

Laminar flamelets are often used to model premixed turbulent combustion. The libraries of rates of conversion from chemical to thermal enthalpies used for flamelets are typically based on counter-flow, strained laminar planar flames under steady conditions. The significance of transient strain has been discussed in the literature with most assertions being that their chemical time scales are sufficiently short compared to the turbulent time scales to treat them as quasi-steady. Less discussed is the unsteady motion of a curved flame front component of stretch rate. This thesis seeks further understanding of the effect of stretch rate on premixed flames by developing and validating a model for use with transient premixed laminar flame dynamics in a cylindrically-symmetric outward radial flow geometry (i.e., inwardly propagating flame). A FORTRAN code is developed and validated which models a laminar premixed flame exposed to an oscillating mass flowrate. This code solves transient equations of continuity, momentum, energy, and individual species in radial coordinates.
In this model, flame response is studied when the flow and scalar fields remain aligned (i.e., no strain). The model is applied to conditions in which the flame expands (positive stretch) and contracts (negative stretch) radially by the addition of the externally-defined oscillating mass flow rate. The transient response of laminar premixed flames results in amplitude decrease and phase shift increase with increasing frequency.
In order to implement the transient behaviour of flamelets in turbulent modelling more efficiently, a frequency response analysis is applied as a process characterization tool to simplify the complex non-linear behaviour using flame transfer functions. It is shown that with increasing frequency of the perturbation, when equivalence ratio is kept constant, or with decreasing equivalence ratio in the same frequency, non-linear behaviour of the flame becomes prominent. Therefore, linear models can only predict the flame behaviour with accuracy below the threshold of when the fluid and chemistry time scales are the same order of magnitude. Various nonlinear models are studied in order to find the most appropriate flame transfer function for higher frequencies to extend the predictive capabilities of these models.
Fault Tolerant Control Design for Feedwater System
Authors: Eltayb Mohammed
Published: May 2021

Fault tolerant control (FTC) is essential nowadays in the automation industry. It provides a means for higher equipment availability. Fault in dynamical systems can occur due to the deviation of the system parameters from the normal operating range. Alternatively, it can be a structural change from the normal situation of continuous operation such as the blocking of an actuator due to the mechanical stiction. In this research project, a fault tolerant controller is designed with Matlab Simulink for a feedwater system.

The feedwater system components are modified to work under embedded controller design with FTC attached to it. Feedwater systems usually consist of a de-aerator or simply a water storage tank, feedwater pumps, control valves, piping and support fitting elements such as chock valves, anges, hoses and relief valves, beside instrumentation devices like level transmitters, flow transmitters, pressure regulators. The faults are injected separately for each device. Fault diagnostic is used to detect and identify the faults by Limit-checking method. Then a controller is reconfigured to take the action of correcting the hardware failures in the control valve, level sensor, and feedwater pump.

The simulation results revealed that the redundant components can take over and handle the process operation when the fault occurs at the duty components. Level sensors are set to work in on-line mode, while the control valves are set to work in off-line mode, due to the mechanical parts movement. Setting the control valves in on-line mode reduces the probability of valve stiction and elongates the component availability.

The results reveal the operation of feedwater system is not stopped when a hardware failure takes place in all feedwater system major components. Moreover, the disturbances are not considered in this research as there are many control techniques that can be used to handle the disturbance in a robust way.
The staff nurse perception of the nurse practitioner leadership role
Authors: Ali Shamila D.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this quantitative descriptive study was to investigate staff nurses' perceptions of the leadership role of nurse practitioners (NP) in the acute care environment, and their potential as a source of leadership for frontline nurses. The following study was conducted at a large metropolitan university using a convenience sample size of30 registered nurses (n = 30). The study framework used was derived from the leadership philosophy of Kouzes and Posners' (2002) model of transformational leadership and the Canadian Nurses Associations' (2008) national framework for advanced nursing practice. Overall, participants perceived NPs as performing transformational leadership practice below the 20th percentile. Staff nurses perceived NPs to perform the leadership behaviours on the subscale enabling others to act "usually", and "seldom" on the subscale inspire a shared vision. The findings of this study enhance the understanding of the leadership role of the NP from the staff nurse perspective.
“You Go, Girl:” How Facebook and Instagram impacted the post-feminist construction of Electric Forest’s Women’s Program
Authors: Krauss Rebecca
Published: May 2021

In February of 2016, Electric Forest — a four-day electronic music festival from June 23-26 in Rothbury, Michigan —announced a women’s only program called Her Forest. The initiative’s aim was to facilitate feelings of “connection, inspiration, and comfort” (Weiner, 2016) amongst the festival’s female guests. This MRP draws from past research on influence and postfeminism to consider how the Electric Forest brand, as well as its online followers, constructed and discussed Her Forest via Facebook and Instagram. A directed qualitative analysis was applied to 21 of Electric Forest’s Facebook and Instagram posts and 110 associated user comments. The analysis emphasized the powerful impact that social media applications have on the way in which corporate messages are expressed, received, reshaped, supported, and challenged.
Speechwriters : performing politics in documentary
Authors: Bateman Andrew
Published: May 2021

What role do speechwriters play in Canadian Federal politics? How do they affect the political process? In what ways do they influence how we imagine and articulate ideas? How much of the words spoken in parliament are those of the politician and how much are those of the speechwriter? Speechwriters is a short documentary film that explores the above questions with humour, criticism, and sincerity. This paper explores these topic by discussing notions of performativity in both the political arena and the documentary film tradition.
A Simulation of a Novel High Quantum Efficiency Scintillating Fiber Detector with Anti-scatter Properties for Megavoltage X-Ray Imaging
Authors: Day James
Published: May 2021

To further develop a MV x-ray portal imaging device with high detection efficiency and adequate spatial resolution for image guided radiation therapy, the experimental results for a prototype detector were matched using Monte-Carlo software to then improve upon the design. The simulation and experiment were carried out using a 6 MV beam from a linear accelerator machine. An adequate match was obtained with the spatial resolution matching up to a MTF value of 0.2 and then diverging and the total signal registered in the central fiber was matched for field sizes ranging from 3 cm by 3 cm to 20 cm by 20 cm for 5 cm, 15 cm and 25 cm air gaps within 3%. The design was altered from a hexagonal array of round double cladded fibers to a square array of single cladded square fibers. The spatial resolution was improved from 0.242 lp mm-1 to 0.359 lp mm-1 at an MTF value of 0.5 from the original design to a square array of square fibers 0.5 mm wide separated by 0.25 mm of lead foil. With further optimization of the detector design it may be possible to increase spatial resolution for MV x-ray imaging while maintaining an adequate detection efficiency.
Scalable Blockchain-assisted Log Storage System for Cloud-generated Logs
Authors: Pourmajidi William
Published: May 2021

During the normal operation of a Cloud solution, no one pays attention to the logs except the technical department, which may periodically check them to ensure that the performance of the platform conforms to the Service Level Agreements. However, the moment the status of a component changes from acceptable to unacceptable, or a customer complains about accessibility or performance of a platform, the importance of logs increases significantly. Depending on the scope of the issue, all departments, including management, customer support, and even the actual customer, may turn to logs to find out what has happened, how it has happened, and who is responsible for the issue. The party at fault may be motivated to tamper the logs to hide their fault. Given the number of logs that are generated by the Cloud solutions, there are many tampering opportunities. While tamper detection solution can be used to detect any changes in the logs, we argue that the critical nature of logs calls for immutability. In this thesis, we propose a blockchain-based log system, called Logchain, that collects the logs from different providers and avoids log tampering by sealing the logs cryptographically and adding them to a hierarchical ledger, hence, providing an immutable platform for log storage.
Architecture for glass: the undeferred architecture of emerging technology
Authors: Munroe Alan James
Published: May 2021

The seamless integration of emerging technologies in architecture negates their architectural expression. As long as emerging technologies in material processing and fabrication continue to be relegated to the lowly status of construction tools their impact on architecture will be deferred. Architecture can only express issues that are considered as design factors. In order to rein in the current trend of geometry driven design characterized by its lack of construction logics, emerging technologies in material processing and fabrication must supplant pure form among architectural design considerations. When these technologies are core drivers of design they have the potential to engender novel architectural expression and, in doing so, their potential effects become undeferred. The Barcelona Pavilion exemplified the undeferring of emerging early 20th century material and technological potential. Current emerging technologies in glass processing and fabrication will be undeferred in a reimagining of that project: The Glassroom Pavilion.
Grain Refinement Of Magnesium and Az19E Magnesium Alloy By Addition Of MgB2 Inoculant
Authors: Emadi Payam
Published: May 2021

The increased use of magnesium alloys with improved mechanical properties is a prominent strategy towards increasing fuel efficiency of vehicles and decreasing emissions. This study investigates the grain refining efficiency and fading of MgB2 micro- and nano-particle added Pure Mg and AZ91E. Addition of micro and nano-sized MgB2 provided a reduction in grain size for Pure Mg and AZ91E. Enhanced heterogeneous nucleation and grain growth restriction was believed to be the source of refinement. Fading was observed for both Pure Mg and AZ91E, with the nano-particle added castings showing an increased resistance. The elongation of the Pure Mg samples showed improvements, whereas no improvements for UTS and YS was seen. The improved ductility was believed to be due to the grain refinement and coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch. The AZ91E samples did not show improvements in mechanical properties. This was believed to be due to stress concentration from Al-Mn intermetallics.
Hillsborough : Truth And Trauma
Authors: Fox Lynne
Published: May 2021

On April 15th, 1989, at the F.A. (Football Association) Cup semi-final football match, Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield (U.K.), ninety-six men, women and children were crushed to death. Now known as the Hillsborough Disaster, this event is the worst sporting disaster in the history of England. My twenty-one year old brother, Thomas Steven Fox, was one of those ninety-six victims.

New inquests into the deaths of the victims of the Hillsborough Disaster opened in 2014. My documentary film, “Our Steve” is a forensic look at the inquest into my brother’s death in an attempt to document this process as it was happening. As the new inquests into Hillsborough re-entered the public sphere through media, television and political platforms, my need to represent this story and that of my family became the impetus for this project
Focus: architecture in photographic exhibitions 1858–1861 An exhibition proposal for the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
Authors: Banaszak Natalie
Published: May 2021

This thesis consists of a proposal for an exhibition titled Focus: Architecture in Photographic Exhibitions 1858–1861. Drawn from the collection of almost three hundred nineteenth-century architectural photographs at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, the exhibition explores the topic of architectural photographs exhibited between 1858 and 1861. This two-part thesis first approaches the exhibition from a practical side, outlining the steps in preparing the photographs for display. An essay follows, investigating the role of the Architectural Photographic Association in the context of the photographic market of this time. The thesis also includes appendices relating to various aspects of the exhibition design process, including an object checklist, matting and framing recommendations, condition reports, wall labels, wall elevations, and an informational brochure.
Inside the Box: Photography and the Portfolio Format
Authors: Kalkstein Molly
Published: May 2021

Photography portfolios—published sets of loose photographs housed in a folder or box—have been produced continuously since at least the 1850s, but have rarely received serious critical attention as a distinct format.
This thesis focuses on mid-twentieth-century limited edition portfolios and argues that they were informed by, and have contributed to, developments in photography more broadly. It provides a historical survey of the photography portfolio; considers its material, expressive, and commercial qualities, particularly in comparison to the photography book; and presents five case studies comprising eight portfolios produced between 1940 and 1972: Paul Strand’s Photographs of Mexico (1940) and The Mexican Portfolio (1967); Ansel Adams’s Portfolio One (1948); Berenice Abbott’s 20 Photographs by Eugène Atget 1856–1927 (1956); Lee Friedlander and Jim Dine’s Photographs & Etchings (1969); and Les Krims’s The Deerslayers, The Little People of America 1971, and The Incredible Case of the Stack O’Wheats Murders (1972).
Fouling Reduction Via Air Backpulsing in Dairy Wastewater Microfiltration
Authors: Ashtari Mahsa
Published: May 2021

Membrane fouling mitigation in dairy wastewater microfiltration was investigated through air back pulsing. Flat sheet membrane module with pore size of 0.1 mm was used. The model dairy wastewater was prepared by skim milk diluted with distilled water (milk:water = 1:2). The effect of three parameters, including air back pulsing pressure (pb), back pulsing frequency (f), and back pulsing duration (d) on fouling control was investigated. It was found that high pressures of air in short durations of back pulsing can improve the filtration process and result in higher amounts of permeate. However, it is anticipated that beyond the region of study, very high frequency would not be helpful. Very high frequencies mean short back pulsing durations, and this might result in loss of positive effect of back pulsing. The maximum permeate amount obtained using back pulsing assisted filtration process was 83% higher than the one obtained without back pulsing.
Bench-Scale Study of Aqueous MTBE Degradation by Combined Advanced Oxidation and Biological Processes
Authors: Asadi Azadeh
Published: May 2021

The oxidation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) by advanced oxidation processes in conjunction with biological treatment in investigated. Firsst, the degradation of MTBE by UV/H2O2 and UV/TiO2 is studied. It is found that the optimum molar ratio or H2O2/MTBE is about 14 while the optimum concentration of TiO2 is 1.5 g/L. In addition, it is observed that a combined process of UV/H2O2 and UV/TiO2 does not have any advantage over each of these processes alone. In the second phase, biodegradability of MTBE by aerobic microorganisms is evaluated in three different approaches including BODu assessment, removal of MTBE by non-acclimated, and acclimated microorganisms. It is shown that the acclimatization of microorganisms enhances the rate of biodegradation of MTBE. Finally, it is observed that the rate of bioreaction is not improved after a photochemical pre-treatment. It is also found that using the integration of photochemical and biological treatment reduced the total residence time.
Interactivity in museums: options for the Aga Khan Museum
Authors: Li Tihmily
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the various methods by which digital media is integrated into museum spaces. With the Aga Khan Museum trying to improve the impact and educational outreach of, and engagement with, their permanent collection, digital media can serve as a way to bridge the current gap that exists between visitor knowledge and the information conveyed in the permanent collections gallery. By structuring narratives into the artifacts, a stronger empathetic understanding between visitor and the histories related to these objects is encouraged. Through theoretical research and past case studies, this paper will propose solutions on how digital media could be implemented at the Aga Khan Museum.
Serving up mealtime strategies : how families experience dementia in the community
Authors: Wickson Abigail
Published: May 2021

The mealtime experiences for people with dementia and their caregivers living in the community has not been extensively explored. An existing data set provided information on the mealtime strategies used to cope with changing dementia behaviours. A secondary analysis of data from 10 dyads of people with dementia and their caregivers were analyzed. Four categories were identified including: Strategies to facilitate eating; Strategies to promote a sense of self; Stategies to minimize risk; and Strategies to promote caregiver well-being. The dyads used a variety of strategies that were common to all stages of dementia; however by the late stages, the dyads used more specific strategies. In general, the mealtime strategies used by adult caregivers and spousal caregivers did not greatly differ but rather the context in which they engaged in mealtimes did. The results demonstrated that there are opportunities to educate families and professionals about potential mealtime strategies.
Human visual system inspired saliency guided edge preserving tone-mapping for high dynamic range imaging
Authors: Barai Nipu Rani
Published: May 2021

With the growing popularity of High Dynamic Range Imaging (HDRI), the necessity for advanced tone-mapping techniques has greatly increased. In this thesis, I propose a novel saliency guided edge-preserving tone-mapping method that uses saliency region information of an HDR image as input to a guided filter for base and detail image layer separation. Both high resolution and low resolution saliency maps were used for the performance evaluation of the proposed method. After detail layer enhancement and base layer compression with constant weights, a new edge preserved tone-mapped image was composed by adding the layers back together with saturation and exposure adjustments. The filter operation is faster due to the use of the guided filter, which has O(N) time operation with N number of pixels. Both objective and subjective quality assessment results demonstrated that the proposed method has higher edge and naturalness preserving capability, which is homologous to the Human Visual System (HVS), as compared to other state-of-the-art tone-mapping approaches.
Thermal enhancement of a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal system coupled with an air source heat pump
Authors: Vuong Edward
Published: May 2021

Enhancements of a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) system intended for coupling with an air source multispeed heat pump (MSHP) is presented. The systems were analyzed using a modified version of EnergyPlus, a quasi-steady state building energy simulation program. A sensitivity analysis of the internal channel surface and cover emissivity parameters of the Opaque BIPV/T, transparent BIPV/T, and building integrated solar air heater collectors (BISAH) was conducted. In addition, collector arrangement analyses were performed. A BIPV/T- BISAH array design was selected based on the results of the analyses and evaluated using a net-zero energy house and an energy efficient house. The integrated BIPV/T-BISAH coupled ASHP system reduced space heating electricity consumption of the net-zero house by 6.5% and the energy efficient house by 3.4%. These low levels of savings were largely due to the passive design of the houses that reduced heating loads during sunny hours; this resulted in a mismatch between the hours when the integrated system could provide energy savings and the need for space heating.
Breathe: Re-Defining the Urban Breathing Apparatus
Authors: Mazik Melissa
Published: May 2021

As a speculative vision of the future, the Urban Breathing Apparatus was designed to challenge thoughts on the hermetically sealed building. Architecture has been struggling for the ultimate hermetic seal since the introduction of air conditioning systems (artificial breathing apparatus), focusing more on the physical seal (skin) of the building and less about the immaterial substance inside, air. The urban fabric needs to be reconceptualized. A new way of thinking is needed for the static, hermetic seals of modern buildings as breathable thresholds, through principles of biological and technological processes to metabolize the contaminated interior and exterior air.
Integration of radio over fiber (RoF) with fiber to the home (FTTH) schemes
Authors: Endailalu Yonas
Published: May 2021

Two integrating techniques and topologies for fiber optic network systems such as RoF and FTTH have been studied and presented in this project. Two digital signals with data rate 622Mb/s and 1.25Gb/s are considered as the two service signals to be hybrid. Both signals are first modulated in electrical domain by 25GHz and 5GHz sinusoidal
sub carriers respectively, in order to give them enough spectral separation. Two architectures have been studied to modulate the optical carrier with these two service signals. The first model is to sum the two service signals in the electric domain and use a single leg Mach Zender Modulator (JlvlZM) to modulate the optical carrier with the electrical message signal. In the second case, the two service signals are first sent to a two leg MZM and separately modulate the light wave carrier, then the two emerging light wave signals mix at the other end of the Y branch of the MZM. The mathematical equations that represent the function of the two kinds of MZM have been formulated. Simulations of the integration of the two hybrid services have been made in MATLAB-Simulink environment and the results are shown. The developed mathematical models are used to represent the MZMs in the MATLAB program. Detector models for each architecture have been developed in order to evaluated the SNR and compare performance using Bit Error Rate (BER). The BER plots for different input setup have been plotted and presented in this project.
YouTube as a Destination Marketing Tool : a Canadian Content Analysis
Authors: Sugar Carly
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the adoption and usage of YouTube as a destination marketing tool amongst Canadian destination marketing organizations [DMOs]. A content analysis approach was employed to analyze a sample group of 1000 videos uploaded by five provinces and three major cities. Two coding schemes were developed in order to classify each video by their content and production. The findings of this study provides insight as to how DMOs are using YouTube to manage their destination image. Results indicate that there are variations between the marketing strategies of DMOs. This could be attributed to the lack of information on how to effectively use YouTube to market travel destinations. This study attempts to bridge these gaps, by providing a clear indication as to what type of content is generating the greatest engagement rate.
Energy audit and base case simulation of Ryerson buildings using the "Carrier HAP" simulation program and prism analysis for energy consumption
Authors: Hossain Mirza Sakhawat
Published: May 2021

Modelling and simulation of energy consumption in 86% of the Ryerson campus was presented. Energy simulation models were developed with Carrier HAP for 16 Ryerson buildings. Carrier HAP, commercially available software, was used for the prediction of energy consumption and PRISM software was used for the energy consumption comparison in different locations using weather normal average temperature data. All of the possible sources and uses of energy in the building were accounted for in the modelling and simulation. From the simulation result, it showed that 26% of total energy was consumed by lighting and 19% of total energy used by plug load and 4% of total energy used by miscellaneous. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by reducing lighting schedule. As a result, annual energy savings of 10% for cooling load and 21% for hydro demand were achieved, but the heating load increased by 14%.
The other part of the energy consumption was for the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, 53% of total energy was demanded in this sector for the 16 Ryerson buildings. PRISM model was developed for compared Ryerson energy consumption and also compared Ryerson campus in different locations.
The base case simulation result was compared with the campus planning actual consumption bill for the hydro, steam and DLWC cooling demand for the Ryerson campus. The result was under predicted from the actual bill. Simulation was under predicted hydro consumption by 5.7% and steam consumption by 6.26%. The average energy intensity was determined 1.04 GJ/m² for the 86% of total area of Ryerson campus. Also energy intensity (GJ/students) compared with different provinces in Canada, shows that Ryerson University consumed less energy and this value is 10 GJ/student.
Footprints & Photographs : The Selection Of A Visual Story, A Study Of The Apollo 11 Photographs In The Illustrated Press
Authors: Wilson Chantal
Published: May 2021

Footprints and Photographs is a preliminary investigation of the selection process photographs undergo from production to eventual publication in the illustrated press. The analysis considers the roles and selection choices made by a photographic producer, a photo-agency, and picture-editors in two separate groups of Apollo 11 photographs and a selection of published Apollo 11 images. This argument presents a comparative analysis of nine illustrated publications with photographs of the Apollo 11 moon landing published between July and December 1969. The comparison is completed in conjuncture with 2,124 original Apollo 11 photographs in NASA's Online Image Library and 149 press photographs in the Black Star Collection held at Ryerson University. A literature survey and methodology section provides historical context and explanatory research methods employed throughout this paper. Chapters 4, 5 and 6 are dedicated to the categorical analysis of each group of Apollo 11 photographs and outline the selection of imagery available for depiction of the event's narrative. By analyzing these three bodies of work as a whole, this thesis examines the narrowing perspective of the Apollo 11 photographs as they move through the stages of selection, concluding with their published accounts, and highlights the role this selection plays in building the visual narrative surrounding the first manned moon landing.
Pricing barrier and barrier crack option under levy process
Authors: Jabbari Rofeide
Published: May 2021

In this thesis we study and analyze the pricing of barrier and barrier crack options under a Time-Changed Levy process. Oil and gasoline in Canada are our underlying commodities of interest in this study. To characterize the dynamics of oil and gasoline prices, Black-Scholes and Time-Changed models based on Levy process are proposed. To verify the model, real data of the Canada oil and gas market is used. While the pricing methods based on Monte Carlo are the well-known and dominant for price calculation, we propose a Fourier Transform (FT) for the pricing, which provide some important advantages to the Monte Carlo method such as computation speed without compromising any accuracy. The method is also applied to Crack spread contracts to reduce the risk.
Social media: an exploration of the outcomes of social media use for homeless youth
Authors: Donath Jennifer
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this project was to explore how young adults are experiencing relationships when using social media. Using a qualitative design young adults between the ages of 16-25 were asked questions about their experience with social media in the city of Toronto. Qualitative interviews were conducted with three homeless participants who used social media and had access to the internet and a mobile device. The researcher analyzed the data by looking for themes within the participant’s answers. Discussion focuses on the impact of social media, their experiences as a homeless youth and the interaction with social media on a daily basis. The findings also suggest future research for technology amongst homeless youth
Optical Coherence Elastography Techniques for Carotid Arterial Wall Imaging
Authors: Nolte Felix
Published: May 2021

In this thesis, elastography is evaluated in combination with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Two approaches to OCT based elastography, Digital image correlation (DIC) and Doppler optical coherence elastography (DOCE), are evaluated for an intravascular setup using in vivo images from a porcine carotid model. DIC tracks the displacement of speckle patterns in consecutive frames, allowing the calculation of axial and lateral strain. Rapid speckle decorrelation was observed in preprocessed structural images, affecting the tracking and limiting the feasibility of this algorithm. DOCE measures axial strain based on relative tissue velocities. Rotational movement of the imaging optical fibre was the biggest source of artefacts in this imaging mode, but could be removed with a newly developed algorithm, based on the phase change induced in a surrounding catheter. The standard deviation of phase after artefact removal, measured in a stationary phantom experiment, was ~0.2 rad, corresponding to a minimum detectable velocity of 792 μm/s at a Doppler angle of 20°. The sensitivity allowed the detection of arterial blood flow velocity and pattern and the detection of adjacent veins, but did not allow direct elastography.
Data dependent web service selection
Authors: Jain Navati
Published: May 2021

Data mining applications and services are becoming increasingly important, especially in this age of Big Data. QoS (Quality of Service) properties such as latency, reliability, response time of such services can vary based on the characteristics of the dataset being processed. The existing QoS-based web service selection methods are not adequate for ranking these types of services since they do not consider these dataset characteristics. We have proposed a service selection methodology to predict the QoS values for data analytic services based on the attributes of the dataset involved by incorporating a meta-learning approach. Subsequently we rank the services according to the predicted QoS values. The outcome of our experiments proves the effectiveness of this approach with an improvement of above 20% in service ranking when compared to the traditional QoS selection approach.
Alternative Visions of Crime and Community in Wilkie Collins' The Woman In White and The Moonstone
Authors: Pennington Sarah
Published: May 2021

When T. S. Eliot described Wilkie Collins’ The Moonstone (1868) as the “first and greatest of English detective novels” (413), he could not have predicted the number of writers who would take issue with his brief phrase. While some have embraced Eliot’s adjectives (Bisla; Hennelly), others have critiqued the “first” and “greatest” descriptors, identifying Collins’ predecessors (Duncan; Klimaszewski), and contemporaries who offer The Moonstone some competition for the title of “greatest” (Smillie; Thomas). Still others have taken issue with defining the novel as “English,” due to its anti-Imperialist critiques (Narayan; Roy). Following in the footsteps of scholars such as Tamar Heller and D. A. Miller, the descriptor I choose to trouble in this essay is “detective.” Though The Moonstone inarguably contains a detective character, and a complex mystery that is indeed solved through detection, I argue that, especially when viewed in conjunction with Collins’ earlier novel The Woman in White (1859), Collins should be understood not as establishing the conventions of the detective novel to come, but as working against the tide of a developing genre which became increasingly police- and law-focused. Rather than valorizing the police detective or reifying the justness of the legal system, these novels articulate a vision of crime and justice outside of the boundaries of law and policing, one markedly different from the “detective” genre Eliot credits Collins with founding.
A presentation set of 19th and 20th century photographic processes from the Art Gallery of Ontario's Harris study collection
Authors: Keane Sara
Published: May 2021

With the rise in digital photography -- and the shift in photography's materiality -- it has become increasingly important to revisit photographs and reconsider them as multifaceted objects, and not simply as two-dimensional images. In this applied thesis project, the Art Gallery of Ontario's John Richmond Harris study collection was used as the basis for creating a presentation set of fifteen different 19th and 20th century positive photographic processes. With specially constructed archival housings and concise didactic labels accompanying each photograph, this presentation set aims to enable learning about the identification of photographic processes through the use of original examples, while encouraging the consideration of photography's material qualities, to help the user better understand photography's past social and cultural function.
Lululemon's Instagram strategy: a qualitative content analysis using uses and gratifications theory
Authors: Moore Elise
Published: May 2021

Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have become increasingly integral to corporate marketing in recent years. Instagram is a newer platform that corporations have added to their digital media marketing presence. The aim of this MRP is to investigate Lululemon Athletica’s presence on Instagram by examining the specific techniques they employ to satisfy users’ Uses and Gratifications. 10 Lululemon Instagram posts were sampled for this study. From these posts, the first 50 comments were collected and coded using Whiting and Williams’ (2013) coding schema. This study highlights the value in (1) brands sharing useful brand and product-related information, and (2) interacting with consumers by responding to their comments and posing Socratic questions to spur dialogue and further engagement.
Measuring the dynamic energy efficiency of FPGAs over processors
Authors: Zafar Muhammad Umair
Published: May 2021

This work investigates the dynamic energy efficiency of the parallel execution model of an FPGA and the sequential execution model of a processor, for latency-insensitive applications. We create the temporal implementations (sequential instructions) of the MCNC benchmarks to be executed on a processor that employs a 4LUT as its functional unit. This processor is ~716 times inefficient for dynamic energy than a 4LUT FPGA, mainly due to the large amount of memory (instruction/data) that is required to encode the 4LUT based instructions. The size of the memory
(instruction/data) can be reduced by increasing the data-path width and the logic complexity of the ASIC-based functional units of the processor. Particularly, at 64-bit data-path width and when the (instruction/data) memory sizes are reduced to less than ~9% of their corresponding 4LUT-based instructions, the processor with ASIC-based complex functional unit can achieve higher dynamic energy efficiency than the FPGA for MCNC benchmarks.
A Study on Radial and Axial Temperature Effects on the Growth of Bulk Single Crystal of SixGe1-x in Bridgman Setting
Authors: Shemirani Mehdi Mohammadi
Published: May 2021

A Study on Radial and Axial Temperature Effects on the Growth of Bulk Single Crystal of SixGe1-x in Bridgman Setting
Athlete Health Prediction Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Sharif Md Raihan
Published: May 2021

Due to an increase in sports activities, the prediction of athletes’ health (AH) has recently become an important research topic. However, it is a challenging task to predict AH because of the nature of the data and the limitations of predictive models. The main objective of this work is to develop appropriate models that can forecast AH using historical data. This work will enable sport organizations to monitor the well-being of their athletes. In this thesis, we explore the applicability of various machine learning (ML) methods for predicting AH. Traditional ML methods do not perform well for class-imbalanced data as these methods are biased towards the majority class. In this work, we propose to use ensemble-based methods which utilize downsampling, bootstrap sampling, and boosting techniques to improve the classification performance. Various metrics are used to evaluate and to compare the model performance. Our results show the superiority of ensemble-based methods over traditional approaches. The random forest and the RUSBoost classier models are in particular found to produce the best performance in handling imbalanced classes.
The Impact of Defects on Tensile Strength and Modulus of 3D Printed Parts Manufactured by Fused deposition Modeling
Authors: Movahedi Mobina
Published: May 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM), 3D printing, is defined as a process of depositing materials layer by layer to create three-dimensional printed models, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies. It has the potential of revolutionizing field of manufacturing, which allows us to create more complex geometries with lower cost and faster speed in comparison to injection molding, compression forming, and forging. Therefore, 3D printing can shorten the design manufacturing cycle, reduce the production cost, and increase the competitiveness. Due to the improvements of processes and advancements of modeling and design, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technologies, a common 3D printing technique, have been involved in wide various applications in the past three decades and numerous studies have been gathered. This research work studies directional properties of FDM 3D printed thermoplastic parts per ASTM D638. Tensile strength and modulus of the coupons along and perpendicular to the printing direction are evaluated. It is observed that FDM 3D printing introduces anisotropic behavior to the manufactured part, e.g. tensile strength of 57.7 and 30.8 MPa for loading along and perpendicular
to the printing direction, respectively. FDM 3D printers are not ideal and introduce defects into the manufactured parts, e.g. in the form of missing material, gap. This study investigates the impact of gaps on tensile strength and modulus of 3D printed parts. A maximum reduction of 20% in strength is found for a gap (missing bead) along the loading direction.
The Allomothering Hypothesis: an Examination of the Adaptiveness of Female Sexual Fluidity in Self Identified Heterosexual and Mostly Straight Women
Authors: Radtke Sarah
Published: May 2021

Exclusive same-sex sexual behaviour is problematic from the viewpoint of evolutionary theory because one of evolutionary psychology’s fundamental tenets is that species need to survive and reproduce. I contend that female sexual fluidity is an evolved predisposition in heterosexual women and the behaviour evolved as a result of the need for allomothering— helping each other’s offspring survive—and also providing assistance with survival of the
females themselves. The Allomothering hypothesis asserts that same-sex sexual behaviour can be adaptive in condition-dependent circumstances because it promotes pair bonds that ultimately contribute to the survival of offspring. A revised definition of sexual fluidity, one that is different from the traditional definition, was devised. In this dissertation the revised definition states “sexual fluidity occurs when self-identified heterosexual (straight) or predominantly heterosexual females experience short-term fleeting physical (sexual) attraction to and/or a deep
emotional connection (like romantic love) with other females in a condition-dependent circumstance.” Four studies were conducted to find evidence in support of the allomothering hypothesis. The first study compared self-identified heterosexual (mostly straight) women and men in terms of same-sex sexual experience. Overall, women more than men have engaged in various dimensions of same-sex sexual behaviour. The second study compared pornography
geared toward heterosexual women and pornography geared toward heterosexual men. Female same-sex sexual behaviour occurred in almost all the top selling movies for both heterosexual women and men. The third study tested the allomothering hypothesis by having self-identified heterosexual (mostly straight) women who have engaged in same-sex sexual behaviour rate the person they had the experience with on “good mothering traits.” The more the women enjoyed same-sex sexual behaviour, the higher they rated the person they had the sexual experience with.
Various aspects of same-sex sexual behaviour among heterosexual (mostly straight) women and allomothering were explored. The final study was an assessment of captive Bonobos (Pan paniscus) at the Milwaukee Zoo. Bonobos are humans’ closest genetic relative along with Chimpanzees (Pan troglodtyes). The study examined the connection between female same-sex sexual activity among bonobos in relation to pair bonding, grooming, play, and allomothering.