bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in the disability-free life expectancy in Switzerland over a 10-year period: an analysis of survey-based data
Authors: Seematter-Bagnoud Laurence , Belloni Giulia , Zufferey Jonathan , Pellegrini Sonia , Bula Christophe , Peytremann-Bridevaux Isabelle
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION: Increasing life expectancy raises concerns whether the years gained will be spent free of disability. Lately, trends across countries have been heterogeneous. This work examined recent trends in disability-free life expectancy and life expectancy with mild  or severe disability in Switzerland.

METHODS: Life expectancy was estimated using national life tables, by sex and 5-year age groups. Based on Sullivan’s method, disability-free life expectancy and life expectancy with disability were computed using information from the Swiss Health Survey on age- and sex-specific prevalence of mild and severe disability. Life expectancy, disability-free life expectancy and life expectancy with disability were estimated in 2007, 2012, and 2017, at 65 and 80 years of age, for both sexes.

RESULTS: Between 2007 and 2017, disability-free life expectancy at 65 and 80 years of age increased by 2.1 and 1.4 years, respectively, in men and by 1.5 and 1.1 years, respectively, in women. Meanwhile, life expectancy with mild disability decreased by 6 months in both sexes at age 65 and in men at age 80, but only 1 month in women at age 80. Life expectancy with severe disability also decreased at both ages, by approximately 6 months in women but only 2 to 3 months in men. The proportion of disability-free life expectancy increased significantly in both sexes and ages. For example, disability-free life expectancy / life expectancy at age 65 increased from 67% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66‒69) to 73% (95% CI 71‒74) in women and from 77% (95% CI 75‒79) to 82% (95% CI 81‒84) in men.

CONCLUSION: From 2007 to 2017, disability-free life expectancy at age 65 and 80 increased in Swiss women and men. These gains outweighed those in life expectancy, reflecting some compression of morbidity.
Empirical Analysis of Bitcoin and Major Cryptocurrencies Prices
Authors: Akin Isik , Satiroglu Hakan
Published: February 2023

Cryptocurrency is a relatively new phenomenon that is attracting a lot of interest. On the one hand, it is built on a brand-new technology whose full potential has yet to be realised. On the other hand, it performs similar services to other, more traditional assets, at least in its current form. The development of theoretical models of cryptocurrencies has received a lot of academic attention. Many elements have been mentioned in the theoretical literature on cryptocurrencies as potentially important in cryptocurrencies' pricing. The cryptocurrencies with a market value of over $100m between 01/01/2018 and 12/05/2021 have been selected for this research. Time series analysis has been done to investigate the price relationship between cryptocurrencies. The results pointed out as major cryptocurrencies' prices are linked to Bitcoin prices.
Long non coding RNA in osteoporosis
Authors: Aurilia Cinzia , Palmini Gaia , Donati Simone , Falsetti Irene , Iantomasi Teresa , Brandi Maria Luisa
Published: February 2023

Osteoporosis (OP) is the most common skeletal disease, caused by a lack of balance between osteoclast and osteoblast activity. This results in erosion overriding the deposition of new bone matrix, consequently leading to low-quality bone and an increased risk of incurring fragility fractures. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is the gold standard for the diagnosis of OP, while anti-osteoporotic drugs are the gold standard for its treatment. However, due to limitations to their use, researchers have turned to epigenetics as a substantial source of molecules that could potentially be used as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers for OP. In particular, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) possess special biological properties that could open new horizons in the field of personalized medicine. This mini review seeks to offer an overview of the studies carried out in the last year on the different lncRNAs that could be involved in the pathogenesis of OP and that could pave the way for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for this disease.
In vitro effects of the myokine irisin on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells during proliferation and osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Romagnoli Cecilia , Zonefrati Roberto , Iantomasi Teresa , Brandi Maria Luisa
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Irisin is a hormone-like molecule secreted from skeletal muscle in response to exercise both in mice and in humans and identified as an important effector in the crosstalk between muscle and bone. Although a number of studies report that irisin increased osteoblast differentiation in vitro and cortical bone mass in vivo, the models used are exclusively rodent ones. Due to the lack of reports on human cell models, the aim of our work was to investigate the in vitro effects of irisin on the proliferation and the osteogenic differentiation processes in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). Methods: hAMSCs were obtained by enzymatic digestion and mechanical dispersion, and cultured in growth medium. Cells were exposed to 10 and 100 ng/ml irisin for the entire experimental period and refreshed every two days. The proliferation was performed in growth medium containing 2.5% fetal bovine serum, and measured by cell counting at 24-48-72 hours. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Ca2+ depositions were quantified by fluorometric assay during up to 35 days of osteogenic induction. Results: Cell proliferation assay showed that 100 ng/ml irisin significantly increased the proliferation process (p<0.01) vs control, with a decrease of cell doubling time from 88 to 63 hours. Osteodifferentiation with 10 and 100 ng/ml irisin showed significant increases in ALP activity vs control (p<0.01) after 14 days. Moreover, both tested concentrations of irisin were able to accelerate the deposition of mineralized matrix, resulting in significant increments in the production of Ca2+ nodules vs control after 35 days (p<0.01). Conclusions: This work showed the in vitro effects of irisin on a human cell model of AMSCs. The preliminary results show this myokine to be an important effector on cell proliferation and during osteo-differentiation of hAMSCs, supporting the hypothesis that irisin could represent a potent new anabolic treatment to bring about gain of bone mass.
Addressing local bone loss in the proximal femurs of women at high risk of fracture
Authors: Paracuollo Mario , Pellegrino Achille , Santulli Adriano , Pellegrino Giuseppe
Published: February 2023

Proximal femoral fractures in older women are a worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality and a public health problem. Although pharmacological therapies can improve bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce fracture risk, current efforts are focused on researching a procedure that guarantees both immediate and long-lasting effectiveness over time. The AGN1 local osteo-enhancement procedure is a recently developed bone augmentation procedure. This minimally-invasive surgical approach is used to prepare an enhancement site, the area where new bone is desired within a local bony region weakened by osteoporotic bone loss, and fill it with a triphasic, resorbable, calcium-based implant material. This procedure results in a notable, statistically significant and sustained long-term increase in proximal femur BMD and femoral strength, improving femoral neck resistance to compression and distraction forces acting on it and thereby preventing fall-related fractures.
DEEP STRUCTURE OF THE ALTAI MOUNTAINS AND MODERN GRAVITY FIELD MODELS
Authors: Timofeev V. Yu. , Ardyukov D. G. , Goldobin D. N. , Timofeev A. V. , Nosov D. A. , Sizikov I. S. , Kalish E. N. , Stus Yu. F.
Published: February 2023

The results of the ground-based absolute gravity and space geodetic measurements for the Altai Mountains were considered in combination with EIGEN-6C4 Global Geopotential Model (ETOPO1 Global Relief Model) generated from the satellite data. Analysis was made on different kinds of data: model values for the vertical component of gravity, values of Bouguer and Faye gravity reductions, variations of the vertical gravity gradient, and changes in altitude of the measurement sites. With EIGEN-6C4 model for Bouguer reduction, the crustal thickness curve was drawn along the Novosibirsk (southern West Siberia) – Ukok Plateau (Altai Mountains) line with a length of 800 km. The Moho depth increases from 40 km in the northwest of the area to 51 km in the southeast. For the homogeneous crust model, there was obtained the Moho depth distribution in the Altai Mountains and their foothills.

The analysis of the results of modeling Bouguer and Faye reductions, the data on quasigeoid heights and the relationship between relief height and Bouguer anomalies implies that the Altai Mountains area as a whole is isostatically compensated. Non-compensated are some intermountain basins, such as, for example, the Kurai and Chuya valleys.
UNDERWATER CANYONS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN OUTSKIRTS OF SOUTHERN BAIKAL AS PRESUMABLE TRANSITERS OF TECHNOGENIC MATERIALS TO THE ABYSSAL SURFACE
Authors: Kononov E. E. , Gubin N. A.
Published: February 2023

Numerous publications by domestic and foreign authors deal with a significant role of underwater canyons in transit of loose material from the littoral to the abyssal surfaces of the seas. Lake Baikal fully corresponds in its hydrodynamic and bathymetric parameters to sea water basins, and the Baikal canyons are similar in their morphological and morphometric factors to sea canyons. A digital elevation model of the southwest underwater tip of the lake, generated based on a large array of bathymetric data, allowed identifying clearly defined valleys of the Shamanka and Slyudyanka canyons. The data obtained during the study of the canyon-valley area, carried out using special geophysical measuring instruments – Kongsberg EM710S multibeam echosounder and Knudsen CHIRP 3260 profilograph, – and analysis of the published materials showed a rather high degree of confindness of coarse debris to the canyon valleys and alluvial fans which implies their significant role in sediment transit. It has been shown that high seismicity of the Baikal basin and active wave conditions give rise to the formation of movable loose sediment masses and to the occurrence of gravity flows in the canyon valleys. Climate changes over the last decades contribute also to permafrost decomposition in the Baikal basin and to new-sediment transport into the lake. It is implied that an intensive development of the coastline leads to the coastal accumulation of a large amount of industrial and municipal contaminants which can move through the canyons to different distances into the lake water area. To date, there is no definite answer to the question about an actual role of underwater canyons in the transit of technogenic wastes to the abyssal lake surface. This requires organized large-scale specialized fieldwork with the use of high-precision geological-geophysical measuring instruments, and systematic sampling and thorough analysis of the bottom material.
COMPOSITION, AGE AND GEODYNAMIC POSITION OF ALKALINE ROCKS IN THE BORGOY AND BOTSY MASSIFS (DZHIDA ALKALINE PROVINCE)
Authors: Izbrodin I. A. , Doroshkevich A. G. , Khubanov V. B. , Khromova E. A.
Published: February 2023

The Borgoy and Botsy massifs are a part of the Dzhida alkaline province of the Western Transbaikalia. It has been stated that the rocks of the Borgoy massif were formed during the period from 246 to 243 Ma, which coincides with the formation period of the Permian-Triassic alkaline magmatic rocks common in the Vitim province. The age obtained from the zircons in the Botsy massif (121±1.0 Ma) is typical of the final stage of the transformation of the rocks related to rifting and alkali basalt lava flow. The presence of negative Nb-Ta anomaly and a relative enrichment in Rb, Ba, Sr and U imply interaction between the material of the plume and the earlier accretionary complexes of the subduction zones.
DEFORMATION REGIMES AND LOW-RANK PALEOTECTONIC STRESSES OF THE WESTERN TIAN SHAN IN THE MESOZOIC – CENOZOIC
Authors: Umurzakov R. A.
Published: February 2023

There is a description of the results of studies of deformation regimes and reconstruction of stress fields of certain time intervals of the Mesozoic – Cenozoic history of the western part of the Tien Shan based on the geological and structural data and earthquake focal mechanisms. The relevance of research is determined by the existing difficulties in the age reference of paleostress fields, which is associated with the retrospective nature of the initial data and the features of geological evolution, as well as the existence of controversial, unresolved issues regarding the development of the western periclinal part of the Tien Shan in the Mesozoic – Cenozoic. The aim of the research is to reconstruct the rank components of paleostresses in the earth’s crust in the western part of the Tien Shan at separate stages of the Mesozoic – Cenozoic development. The time intervals for which the stress field diagrams were obtained represent cyclically manifested phases of the first-rank rhythms, which are characterized by alternation of different deformation modes. The method for reconstructing paleostresses was based on the concept of the formation of superimposed systems of cracks of various generations, which were sequentially manifested at various stages of the development of deformation processes. Analysis of the data showed that with increasing age of rocks the number of different fracture systems actually increases – the earlier systems are superimposed by the later. At the same time, the characteristic elements in Quaternary rocks manifest themselves in different ways in the older rocks. This allows them to be used for the reconstruction of the Late Cenozoic stress field based on mass measurements of fracturing in rocks of earlier Mesozoic – Cenozoic ages. Based on the step-by-step identification of the heterochronous cracks system and determination of a pair of maxima of the fracture density with asymmetric scattering, region-based diagrams of the first-rank stress fields were obtained for different stages of manifestation of Mesozoic – Cenozoic deformation regimes: 1 – from the Permian-Triassic to the Middle Jurassic; 2 – Middle-Late Jurassic; 3 – Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous; 4 – Late Cretaceous – Paleocene – Eocene; 5 – Oligocene – Quaternary. The results obtained indicate the alternation of compression and extension phases, first-rank for the region, and give an idea of the main trends in its geodynamic evolution. They can be used in the development of a tectodynamic model of the region.
THE PROBABILITY OF A STRONG (M≥6.0) EARTHQUAKE IN THE SOUTH FERGANA SEISMIC ACTIVITY ZONE IN THE COMING YEARS
Authors: Ibragimov R. S. , Ibragimova T. L. , Mirzaev M. A. , Rebetsky Yu. L.
Published: February 2023

There were investigated seismic mode and stress state of the Earth’s crust in the South Fergana seismic activity zone. In the central part of the zone, there was identified an area of a long-term seismic quiescence during which no earthquakes with energy class K≥12 (M≥4.5) were recorded. Along the entire length of the seismic quiescence area, there occur an activation of earthquakes of lower energy classes, as well as anomalous fluctuations of the recurrence curve slope. To localize the place of seismic activation probability, the current stress of earth’s crust in the South Fergana seismic activity zone was reconstructed according to focal earthquake mechanisms by the methods of cataclastic analysis of displacements. There were identified the areas with low values of effective confining pressure and maximum shear stresses where strong earthquakes usually occur. Taking into account the stressed state of the Earth’s crust, on the basis of the prognostic parameters of the seismic regime within the South Fergana seismic activity zone there were identified two areas in which M≥6.0 earthquakes may occur in the coming years.
Confronting fragmentation: Housing and urban development in a democratising society
Authors:   University of the Witwatersrand, Harrison Philip , Huchzermeyer Marie ,   University of the Witwatersrand, Mayekiso Mzwanele
Published: February 2023

The fragmentation of South Africa’s cities persists despite the ending of apartheid. New forms of segregation are emerging in the context of globalisation and a largely neo-liberal policy environment. This poses an enormous challenge for policy-making, planning, and community activism. Although there has been an improvement in service infrastructure in certain parts of South African cities since 1994, the major structural changes required to alter the trajectory of urban change have not yet happened. Confronting fragmentation: Housing and urban development in a democratising society provides a provocative, careful, analytical perspective on the problems of fragmentation, with particular relevance to the provision of urban shelter. The cross-national nature of the author team reflects the fact that many of the issues facing South Africa are being experienced globally. This is a fascinating book. The text is both theoretical and practical. It will be of great value to policy-makers, planners, community leaders, and students in the field of development and the built environment.
Role of ChatGPT in Computer Programming.
Authors: Biswas Som
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this abstract is to outline the role and capabilities of ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI for computer programming.

Methodology: ChatGPT is a large language model that has been trained on a diverse range of texts and can perform a variety of programming-related tasks. These tasks include code completion and correction, code snippet prediction and suggestion, automatic syntax error fixing, code optimization and refactoring suggestions, missing code generation, document generation, chatbot development, text-to-code generation, and answering technical queries.

Results: ChatGPT can provide users with explanations, examples, and guidance to help them understand complex concepts and technologies, find relevant resources, and diagnose and resolve technical problems. Its use can improve overall satisfaction with support services and help organizations build a reputation for expertise and reliability.

Conclusions: ChatGPT is a powerful and versatile tool for computer programming that can support developers and users in a wide range of tasks. Its ability to provide explanations, examples, and guidance makes it a valuable resource for technical support, while its ability to perform programming-related tasks can improve efficiency and accuracy.
Pembelajaran Fisika Sekolah Menengah Atas pada Materi Osilasi: Studi Literatur
Authors: Fatimah Ayu , Zain Nisrina Tsabitah , Fadilla Raden Roro Sekar Ayu Nur , Sholina Wini
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Oscillation is one of the studies of physics that are studied in high school. However, educators, especially teachers, must identify how to teach the material effectively. This research used the literature study method to analyze review studies in academic journals from 2007 to 2022. The literature results show divine physics learning at the high school level, where there are not only real learning media such as teaching aids but also virtual learning using smartphone software. The learning methods used are the inquiry learning model and diagnostic tests.
Abstrak
Osilasi merupakan salah satu kajian ilmu fisika yang dipelajari di sekolah menengah atas. Namun, para pendidik, khususnya guru belum mengidentifikasi dengan jelas cara mengajarkan materi tersebut secara efektif. Penelitian ini dibuat dengan metode studi literatur dengan analisis review studi yang sudah diterbitkan dalam jurnal akademik dari 2007 hingga 2022. Dari hasil studi literatur menunjukkan keberagaman dalam pembelajaran fisika pada tingkat sekolah menengah atas di mana bukan hanya media pembelajaran yang nyata seperti alat peraga, tetapi ada juga secara virtual menggunakan perangkat lunak pada smartphone. Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan yaitu model pembelajaran inquiry dan tes diagnostik.
From Physics to Metaphysics: A New Way
Authors: Ames Stephen
Published: February 2023

Brian Cox, at the end of his fifth episode in the 2021 BBC series Universe, says that big questions like, “why is there anything at all?” are scientific questions about nature. The paper challenges this form of naturalism by drawing on the work of V. J. Stenger, who derived virtually all the great laws of physics L from some physical knowledge and from a principle of point-of-view-invariance used by physicists in their enquiries. We will call this result R. The move from R to metaphysics is motivated by R having the oddity that L, operating from the Big Bang, are derivable from premises that include something that appears billions of years later, namely physicists using the above principle. The move is only justified if it can overcome two blockers: #1 that R is explicable wholly within the resources of the natural sciences; #2 that R is a brute fact. Either way, seeking a further explanation is not justified. I show these blockers logically cannot hold. Seeking a metaphysical explanation of R is therefore justified. It is shown that it is not unreasonable to conclude the universe is structured according to the laws of physics by God, the creator of the universe ex nihilo, in order that the universe be knowable through empirical enquiry, by embodied rational agents, using the principle of point-of-view-invariance.
Faith, Deuteronomy 18:21–22, and the Scientific Method
Authors: Riding Charles
Published: February 2023

This article shows that beliefs or convictions permeate the use of the scientific method just as they permeate religion. To that end, it begins by showing how belief is a prerequisite for both religion and for the deployment of the scientific method as a valid tool for empirical science. Then it describes the scientific method, bringing to the fore the extent to which it entails faith or beliefs. It also shows that Deuteronomy 18 and other biblical passages prove critical thinking to be embedded in the faith both in the use of religion and in the scientific method.
Видеоигрите: архаика и авангард
Authors: Nikolchina Miglena
Published: February 2023

In this essay, the aesthetics of video games is examined in terms of various aspects of temporality. With literature as a point of reference, the analysis foregrounds the strange overlap of video games and ancient and Medieval epic. Archaic conceptions of temporality, furhtermore, are revealed as subtending video games, which might be considered as science fiction or avant-garde. Should we be surprised that games are swarming with monsters? As I will try to show, the „monstrous“ encounter that Derrida set decades ago as the task of thinking – the encounter between machine and “organic” performativity – is not only the material framework of the player's interaction with the game's algorithm, but it is also the generator of plots indicative of contemporary crises of temporality and ontological ruptures which – before and after psychoanalytic filters – are the true source of a monstrosity no longer imminent, but, perhaps, already happening.
Към елиминиране на догматичната естетика
Authors: Stefanov Ivan
Published: February 2023

The process of liberation of Bulgarian culture from the orthodox aesthetics founded on class politics began in 1956 as an integral part of the general process of destalinisation and developed thanks to the formation of another generation of researchers in the field of aesthetics and criticism. This process developed mainly along the following lines: a) a search for a new answer to the question of what the essence of art is, an emphasis on its humanistic significance and critical social role; b) a decisive move closer to the current problems of artistic creation and to the innovative artifacts of modern Western art; c) the autonomous presence of art in social life requires a fundamental rethinking of form in relation to artistic content.
Жената-чудовище като естетически феномен във видеоигрите
Authors: Stankeva Severina
Published: February 2023

The paper seeks to deconstruct the image of the monstrous-feminine in video games insofar as it sees in it a fitting entry to the root of the problem of femininity in general. The monstrous is seen as a primary cultural category, marking that which stands on the edge of the hermeneutic circle and thus questioning its contents; the grotesque as a formal-aesthetic hallmark of the concrete personifications of monstrosity; and abjection as their unconscious constitutive motif. Video games, as a medium with an active agent rather than a passive spectator, are analyzed in terms of their extraordinary technical capabilities that make possible the literal and naïve playing out of the battle around the construction of subjectivity (matricide). The conclusions of the text function as a theoretical framework for constructing a typology of the monstrous-feminine and the specific connotative landscapes of its different types.
Glyphosate residue in honey and impacts on Africanized bee hives under field conditions
Authors: Faita Marcia Regina , Alves Victor Rodrigues , Micke Gustavo Amadeu , Orth Afonso Inácio , Nodari Rubens Onofre
Published: February 2023

Honey and other bee products may contain residues of different substances, including pesticides, which is considered a public health problem. In addition, they characterize risks to the health of Apis mellifera, which have been showing an increasing decline in their populations. There are many protocols for identifying pesticides in bee products which, in general, are complex matrices whose results of routine investigations in control laboratories are rarely disclosed. In this sense, the objective of the present study was to determine the presence of residues of glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in honey, as well as its effect on the strength of the hive of A. mellifera. Samples were collected from hives experimentally exposed to food containing a sublethal dose of Roundup® and conducted by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS). The AMPA content was lower than the method’s detection limit in honey samples from hives that received food containing the herbicide. It was possible to quantify glyphosate one week after the last artificial feeding (R1 8.45 ± 1.09 µg g−1; R2 8.15 ± 2.14 µg g−1; R3 23.90 ± 2.95 µg g−1). In a hive sample fed for more than four weeks, glyphosate was present in lower concentrations (3.12 ± 0.89 µg g−1) with no detection of AMPA. From the analysis of the strength of the hives, we observed a decrease in the population of adult individuals and the brood area, the absence of a queen, and no construction of royal cells by the workers in the hives of the Roundup® treatment in comparison to the control group, in which the hives remained with queen size, high adult and brood population, and food stock. Although present, glyphosate did not undergo degradation in honey during the evaluated period. Thus, we could infer that the presence of Roundup® in bee feed may be present in honey, representing a risk to consumers’ health and economic damage to beekeepers. This is the first study that evaluated the effect of glyphosate residues on hive strength, contributing to the understanding of the Roundup® mode of action in different aspects that affect the survival of colonies under field conditions.
Unconventional Food Plants (UFPs): an approach to the nutritional and functional properties of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.)
Authors: Cobus Daniele , Nunes Graziela , Maior Luane de Oliveira , Lacerda Luiz Gustavo , Ito Vivian
Published: February 2023

Unconventional food plants (UFPs) are little-explored plant species that can be used in human nutrition. In addition to the low cost of production, these plants can add nutritional value to food products, so their use as a raw material may be feasible within the food industry. Among the UFPs is the nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.), an easy cultivation species with all edible parts except the roots. Its flowers can be used in various culinary preparations besides having antioxidant potential; therefore, their consumption may benefit human health. Furthermore, the leaves, stalks and seeds can also be used in different ways in food; however, few studies have been reported on these parts of the plant. This review brings an approach to the nutritional and functional properties of edible parts of nasturtium, aiming at adding value with potential applications for the development of new nutritious and functional food products, thus valuing biodiversity.
Technology of popularizing knowledge on the treatment of scoliosis using the Schroth Therapy method in the clinic and online
Authors: Kozin Serhii
Published: February 2023

Purpose: to reveal the main provisions of one's own experience of working with patients with scoliosis above the second degree, in the clinic and online mode.
Material and Methods Visual observation of changes in patients' posture. The total number of patients was 28 with a diagnosis of "scoliosis" of the 2nd-3rd degree. Schroth Therapy was applied in the conditions of the Normed clinic (Lviv, Ukraine) 3 times a week for 40 minutes. With practice homework for 20-30 minutes. every day.
Results. The results of online work and work in the clinic using the Schroth therapy method indicate the high efficiency of this method: in 5-10 sessions, a significant visual improvement in the condition of the spine was observed in 28 patients. The most significant results were observed during the correction of the rib hump of a 15-year-old patient.
Conclusions. Scientifically based treatment of scoliosis is a large and somewhat separate direction from general rehabilitation, which is almost entirely occupied by the Schroth therapy technique.
Happy-Accident The Vessel Interview
Authors: Georgeson Mikey Benedict
Published: February 2023

The Vessel is the persona that via unaccounted for acceptance of aléa, entered into the world of Dr Mikey Georgeson. Upon becoming the mouth-piece of the performance pop-art group, David Devant and his Spirit Wife, they began to weave an emerging story of themselves as a spiritual conduit into life as an artist in Brighton. This interview agitates the stasis discursive, returning repetition of pre-given information into the repetition of a ritual extra-embodied encounter. What things mean in retrospect can be communicated as intentional when (according to the interviewee) meaning is in believing in the actual occasion of enchanting. Now thirty years later, this interview gathers thoughts about what happened when the natural consecutive forming of life circumstances was disrupted to produce a deviation of being. Catherine Malabou’s, Ontology of the Accident has given them some way of accounting for the sudden appearance of this conduit for a dead magician,A form born of the accident, born by accident, a kind of accident. A funny breed. A monster whose apparition cannot be explained as any genetic anomaly. A new being comes into the world for a second time, out of a deep cut that opens in a biography. 
Corporaciones tecnológicas, plataformas digitales y privacidad: comparando los discursos sobre la entrada de las BigTech en la educación pública
Authors: Parcerisa Lluís , Jacovkis Judith , Rivera-Vargas Pablo , Herrera-Urízar Gustavo
Published: February 2023

En un contexto de digitalización acelerada de la educación, la mayoría de los centros educativos públicos están utilizando plataformas digitales comerciales como Google o Microsoft. Este fenómeno, intensificado durante la pandemia del COVID-19, requiere ser comprendido y analizado por distintas miradas y actores, con el fin de buscar respuestas que permitan un uso más sensato y seguro de estas herramientas en contextos educativos. En este escenario, el presente artículo explora los discursos sobre la protección de la privacidad de los usuarios de las plataformas digitales en las escuelas y el cuidado de los derechos de la infancia por parte de los principales actores del campo educativo. El estudio, de corte cualitativo, se basa en la realización de 14 entrevistas a informantes clave  y analiza el discurso de sus posicionamientos y manifestaciones en relación con el uso de plataformas digitales comerciales en la escuela,  la gestión de datos masivos, los derechos de la infancia y el derecho a la privacidad. Los resultados de esta investigación arrojan luz sobre las tensiones discursivas existentes entre los distintos actores del campo educativo alrededor de la entrada de plataformas digitales de corporaciones tecnológicas en la escuela pública.
Sector privado y políticas públicas: una sistematización de las estrategias de actores no estatales en la promoción de reformas educativas
Authors: Fontdevila Clara , Verger Antoni , Avelar Marina
Published: February 2023

Este artículo tiene por objetivo identificar las principales estrategias de influencia del sector privado en el ámbito de la política educativa. A pesar de que un número de estudios cada vez mayor documenta la creciente implicación del sector empresarial en la formulación de políticas públicas, la investigación empírica sobre esta cuestión sigue siendo fragmentaria y poco sistemática. Además, gran parte de la evidencia disponible se focaliza en el ámbito angloamericano y no permite entender el fenómeno en su dimensión global. Este artículo explora, revisa y sistematiza una serie de estrategias de influencia política del sector privado en el campo educativo a partir de una revisión de la literatura centrada en reformas educativas promercado. A partir de los resultados de esta revisión, el artículo identifica cuatro estrategias de influencia: la movilización de conocimientos, la creación de redes, el apoyo a movimientos sociales y el patrocinio de experiencias piloto. Cada estrategia se ilustra con ejemplos de una selección de casos empíricos.
El estudio muestra cómo el sector privado desempeña una gama de funciones cada vez más heterogéneas en el ámbito de la política educativa, y apunta a que las organizaciones privadas están diversificando los recursos y las formas de capital que movilizan. Así, la hora de incidir en políticas públicas, el sector privado no depende únicamente de su poder económico y de las formas más evidentes de capital político, sino que se apoya cada vez más en las conexiones relativamente informales con diferentes actores (como el tercer sector, y las élites económicas o de la sociedad civil), y el reconocimiento como expertos y productores de conocimiento, adquirido mediante la movilización de evidencia. Finalmente, los resultados sugieren que el sector privado opera cada vez más como un actor político de primer orden, integrado orgánicamente en procesos y espacios de elaboración de políticas.
Ulnar artery access for intracranial mechanical thrombectomy procedure: A salvage option after failed trans-femoral and trans-radial access
Authors: Manzoor Muhammad U , Alrashed Abdullah A , Almulhim Ibrahim A , Alqahtani Sultan , Senani Fahmi Al
Published: February 2023

84 years old gentle man with past medical history of hypertension and diabetes presented with sudden onset right sided weakness and aphasia for two hours. Initial neurological assessment revealed National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 17. Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated minimal early ischemic changes along left insular cortex with occlusion of left middle cerebral artery (MCA). Based on clinical and imaging findings, decision was made to perform mechanical thrombectomy procedure. Initially, right common femoral artery approach was utilized. However, due to unfavorable type-III bovine arch, left internal carotid artery could not be engaged via this approach. Subsequently, access was switched to right radial artery. Angiogram revealed small caliber radial artery, with larger caliber ulnar artery. Attempt was made to advance the guide catheter through the radial artery, however significant vasospasm was encountered. Subsequently, ulnar artery was accessed and successful thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) III left MCA reperfusion was achieved with a single pass of mechanical thrombectomy via this approach. Post procedure neurological examination demonstrated significant clinical improvement. Doppler ultrasound 48 hours after the procedure demonstrated patent flow in radial and ulnar arteries with no evidence of dissection.
Information transfer in mammalian glycan-based communication
Authors: Fuchsberger Felix F , Kim Dongyoon , Baranova Natalia , Vrban Hanka , Kagelmacher Marten , Wawrzinek Robert , Rademacher Christoph
Published: February 2023

Glycan-binding proteins, so-called lectins, are exposed on mammalian cell surfaces and decipher the information encoded within glycans translating it into biochemical signal transduction pathways in the cell. These glycan-lectin communication pathways are complex and difficult to analyze. However, quantitative data with single-cell resolution provide means to disentangle the associated signaling cascades. We chose C-type lectin receptors (CTLs) expressed on immune cells as a model system to study their capacity to transmit information encoded in glycans of incoming particles. In particular, we used nuclear factor kappa-B-reporter cell lines expressing DC-specific ICAM-3–grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), macrophage C-type lectin (MCL), dectin-1, dectin-2, and macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (MINCLE), as well as TNFαR and TLR-1&2 in monocytic cell lines and compared their transmission of glycan-encoded information. All receptors transmit information with similar signaling capacity, except dectin-2. This lectin was identified to be less efficient in information transmission compared to the other CTLs, and even when the sensitivity of the dectin-2 pathway was enhanced by overexpression of its co-receptor FcRγ, its transmitted information was not. Next, we expanded our investigation toward the integration of multiple signal transduction pathways including synergistic lectins, which is crucial during pathogen recognition. We show how the signaling capacity of lectin receptors using a similar signal transduction pathway (dectin-1 and dectin-2) is being integrated by compromising between the lectins. In contrast, co-expression of MCL synergistically enhanced the dectin-2 signaling capacity, particularly at low-glycan stimulant concentration. By using dectin-2 and other lectins as examples, we demonstrate how signaling capacity of dectin-2 is modulated in the presence of other lectins, and therefore, the findings provide insight into how immune cells translate glycan information using multivalent interactions.
Redox regulation of KV7 channels through EF3 hand of calmodulin
Authors: Nuñez Eider , Jones Frederick , Muguruza-Montero Arantza , Urrutia Janire , Aguado Alejandra , Malo Covadonga , Bernardo-Seisdedos Ganeko , Domene Carmen , Millet Oscar , Gamper Nikita , Villarroel Alvaro
Published: February 2023

Neuronal KV7 channels, important regulators of cell excitability, are among the most sensitive proteins to reactive oxygen species. The S2S3 linker of the voltage sensor was reported as a site-mediating redox modulation of the channels. Recent structural insights reveal potential interactions between this linker and the Ca2+-binding loop of the third EF-hand of calmodulin (CaM), which embraces an antiparallel fork formed by the C-terminal helices A and B, constituting the calcium responsive domain (CRD). We found that precluding Ca2+ binding to the EF3 hand, but not to EF1, EF2, or EF4 hands, abolishes oxidation-induced enhancement of KV7.4 currents. Monitoring FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) between helices A and B using purified CRDs tagged with fluorescent proteins, we observed that S2S3 peptides cause a reversal of the signal in the presence of Ca2+ but have no effect in the absence of this cation or if the peptide is oxidized. The capacity of loading EF3 with Ca2+ is essential for this reversal of the FRET signal, whereas the consequences of obliterating Ca2+ binding to EF1, EF2, or EF4 are negligible. Furthermore, we show that EF3 is critical for translating Ca2+ signals to reorient the AB fork. Our data are consistent with the proposal that oxidation of cysteine residues in the S2S3 loop relieves KV7 channels from a constitutive inhibition imposed by interactions between the EF3 hand of CaM which is crucial for this signaling.
A pathogenic human Orai1 mutation unmasks STIM1-independent rapid inactivation of Orai1 channels
Authors: Yeung Priscilla S-W , Yamashita Megumi , Prakriya Murali
Published: February 2023

Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels are activated by direct physical interactions between Orai1, the channel protein, and STIM1, the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor. A hallmark of CRAC channels is fast Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) which provides negative feedback to limit Ca2+ entry through CRAC channels. Although STIM1 is thought to be essential for CDI, its molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we examined a poorly understood gain-of-function (GOF) human Orai1 disease mutation, L138F, that causes tubular aggregate myopathy. Through pairwise mutational analysis, we determine that large amino acid substitutions at either L138 or the neighboring T92 locus located on the pore helix evoke highly Ca2+-selective currents in the absence of STIM1. We find that the GOF phenotype of the L138 pathogenic mutation arises due to steric clash between L138 and T92. Surprisingly, strongly activating L138 and T92 mutations showed CDI in the absence of STIM1, contradicting prevailing views that STIM1 is required for CDI. CDI of constitutively open T92W and L138F mutants showed enhanced intracellular Ca2+ sensitivity, which was normalized by re-adding STIM1 to the cells. Truncation of the Orai1 C-terminus reduced T92W CDI, indicating a key role for the Orai1 C-terminus for CDI. Overall, these results identify the molecular basis of a disease phenotype with broad implications for activation and inactivation of Orai1 channels.
Mechanisms and functions of respiration-driven gamma oscillations in the primary olfactory cortex
Authors: Gonzalez Joaquin , Torterolo Pablo , Tort Adriano BL
Published: February 2023

Gamma oscillations are believed to underlie cognitive processes by shaping the formation of transient neuronal partnerships on a millisecond scale. These oscillations are coupled to the phase of breathing cycles in several brain areas, possibly reflecting local computations driven by sensory inputs sampled at each breath. Here, we investigated the mechanisms and functions of gamma oscillations in the piriform (olfactory) cortex of awake mice to understand their dependence on breathing and how they relate to local spiking activity. Mechanistically, we find that respiration drives gamma oscillations in the piriform cortex, which correlate with local feedback inhibition and result from recurrent connections between local excitatory and inhibitory neuronal populations. Moreover, respiration-driven gamma oscillations are triggered by the activation of mitral/tufted cells in the olfactory bulb and are abolished during ketamine/xylazine anesthesia. Functionally, we demonstrate that they locally segregate neuronal assemblies through a winner-take-all computation leading to sparse odor coding during each breathing cycle. Our results shed new light on the mechanisms of gamma oscillations, bridging computation, cognition, and physiology.
Structural screens identify candidate human homologs of insect chemoreceptors and cryptic Drosophila gustatory receptor-like proteins
Authors: Benton Richard , Himmel Nathaniel J
Published: February 2023

Insect odorant receptors and gustatory receptors define a superfamily of seven transmembrane domain ion channels (referred to here as 7TMICs), with homologs identified across Animalia except Chordata. Previously, we used sequence-based screening methods to reveal conservation of this family in unicellular eukaryotes and plants (DUF3537 proteins) (Benton et al., 2020). Here, we combine three-dimensional structure-based screening, ab initio protein folding predictions, phylogenetics, and expression analyses to characterize additional candidate homologs with tertiary but little or no primary structural similarity to known 7TMICs, including proteins in disease-causing Trypanosoma. Unexpectedly, we identify structural similarity between 7TMICs and PHTF proteins, a deeply conserved family of unknown function, whose human orthologs display enriched expression in testis, cerebellum, and muscle. We also discover divergent groups of 7TMICs in insects, which we term the gustatory receptor-like (Grl) proteins. Several Drosophila melanogaster Grls display selective expression in subsets of taste neurons, suggesting that they are previously unrecognized insect chemoreceptors. Although we cannot exclude the possibility of remarkable structural convergence, our findings support the origin of 7TMICs in a eukaryotic common ancestor, counter previous assumptions of complete loss of 7TMICs in Chordata, and highlight the extreme evolvability of this protein fold, which likely underlies its functional diversification in different cellular contexts.
A multi-method approach for assessing the distribution of a rare, burrowing North American crayfish species
Authors: Quebedeaux Kathleen B. , Taylor Christopher A. , Curtis Amanda N. , Larson Eric R.
Published: February 2023

Primary burrowing crayfishes face high extinction risk, but are challenging to study, manage, and conserve due to their difficult-to-sample habitat (i.e., terrestrial burrows) and low population densities. We apply here a variety of methods to characterize the distribution, habitat associations, and conservation status of the Boston Mountains Crayfish Cambarus causeyi (Reimer, 1966), an endemic burrowing crayfish found only in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas, United States. We used species distribution modeling (SDM) on historic occurrence records to characterize the distribution and macro-scale habitat associations of this species. We then ground-truthed SDM predictions with conventional sampling, modeled fine-scale habitat associations with generalized linear models (GLM), and lastly developed and tested an environmental DNA (eDNA) assay for this species in comparison to conventional sampling. This represents, to our knowledge, the first successful eDNA assay for a terrestrial burrowing crayfish. Our MaxEnt-derived SDM found a strong effect of average annual precipitation on the historic distribution of C. causeyi, which occurred most frequently at locations with moderately high average annual precipitation (140–150 cm/yr) within our study region. Cambarus causeyi was difficult to detect by conventional sampling in 2019 and 2020, found at only 9 of 51 sites (17.6%) sampled by searching for and manually excavating crayfish burrows. Surprisingly, habitat suitability predicted from our MaxEnt models was not associated with contemporary C. causeyi occurrences per GLMs. Instead, C. causeyi presence was negatively associated with both sandy soils and the presence of other burrowing crayfish species. Poor SDM performance in this instance was likely caused by the omission of high resolution fine-scale habitat data (e.g., soils) and biotic interactions from MaxEnt models. Finally, our eDNA assay detected C. causeyi from six of 25 sites (24.0%) sampled in 2020, out-performing conventional surveys by burrow excavation for this species. Given the difficulty of studying primary burrowing crayfishes and their high conservation need, we propose that eDNA may become an increasingly important monitoring tool for C. causeyi and similar species.