bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repeated Exposure to Subinfectious Doses of SARS-CoV-2 May Promote T Cell Immunity and Protection against Severe COVID-19
Authors: De Angelis Maria Laura , Francescangeli Federica , Rossi Rachele , Giuliani Alessandro , De Maria Ruggero , Zeuner Ann
Published: May 2021

Europe is experiencing a third wave of COVID-19 due to the spread of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants. A number of positive and negative factors constantly shape the rates of COVID-19 infections, hospitalization, and mortality. Among these factors, the rise in increasingly transmissible variants on one side and the effect of vaccinations on the other side create a picture deeply different from that of the first pandemic wave. Starting from the observation that in several European countries the number of COVID-19 infections in the second and third pandemic wave increased without a proportional rise in disease severity and mortality, we hypothesize the existence of an additional factor influencing SARS-CoV-2 dynamics. This factor consists of an immune defence against severe COVID-19, provided by SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells progressively developing upon natural exposure to low virus doses present in populated environments. As suggested by recent studies, low-dose viral particles entering the respiratory and intestinal tracts may be able to induce T cell memory in the absence of inflammation, potentially resulting in different degrees of immunization. In this scenario, non-pharmaceutical interventions would play a double role, one in the short term by reducing the detrimental spreading of SARS-CoV-2 particles, and one in the long term by allowing the development of a widespread (although heterogeneous and uncontrollable) form of immune protection.
GABAA-Receptor Agonists Limit Pneumonitis and Death in Murine Coronavirus-Infected Mice
Authors: Tian Jide , Middleton Blake , Kaufman Daniel L.
Published: May 2021

There is an urgent need for new approaches to limit the severity of coronavirus infections. Many cells of the immune system express receptors for the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and GABA-receptor (GABA-R) agonists have anti-inflammatory effects. Lung epithelial cells also express GABA-Rs, and GABA-R modulators have been shown to limit acute lung injuries. There is currently, however, no information on whether GABA-R agonists might impact the course of a viral infection. Here, we assessed whether clinically applicable GABA-R agonists could be repurposed for the treatment of a lethal coronavirus (murine hepatitis virus 1, MHV-1) infection in mice. We found that oral GABA administration before, or after the appearance of symptoms, very effectively limited MHV-1-induced pneumonitis, severe illness, and death. GABA treatment also reduced viral load in the lungs, suggesting that GABA-Rs may provide a new druggable target to limit coronavirus replication. Treatment with the GABAA-R-specific agonist homotaurine, but not the GABAB-R-specific agonist baclofen, significantly reduced the severity of pneumonitis and death rates in MHV-1-infected mice, indicating that the therapeutic effects were mediated primarily through GABAA-Rs. Since GABA and homotaurine are safe for human consumption, they are promising candidates to help treat coronavirus infections.
Influenza Virus-Induced Novel miRNAs Regulate the STAT Pathway
Authors: Othumpangat Sreekumar , Beezhold Donald , Umbright Christina , Noti John
Published: May 2021

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators of gene expression in humans and can control pathogenesis and host–virus interactions. Notably, the role of specific host miRNAs during influenza virus infections are still ill-defined. The central goal of this study was to identify novel miRNAs and their target genes in response to influenza virus infections in airway epithelium. Human airway epithelial cells exposed to influenza A virus (IAV) induced several novel miRNAs that were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and their target genes by biochemical methods. NGS analysis predicted forty-two RNA sequences as possible miRNAs based on computational algorithms. The expression patterns of these putative miRNAs were further confirmed using RT-PCR in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to H1N1, H9N1(1P10), and H9N1 (1WF10) strains of influenza virus. A time-course study showed significant downregulation of put-miR-34 in H1N1 and put-miR-35 in H9N1(1P10)-infected cells, which is consistent with the NGS data. Additionally, put-miR-34 and put-miR-35 showed a high fold enrichment in an argonaute-immunoprecipitation assay compared to the controls, indicating their ability to form a complex with argonaute protein and RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which is a typical mode of action found with miRNAs. Our earlier studies have shown that the replication and survival of influenza virus is modulated by certain transcription factors such as NF-ĸB. To identify the target(s) of these putative miRNAs, we screened 84 transcription factors that have a role in viral pathogenesis. Cells transfected with mimic of the put-miR-34 showed a significant decrease in the expression of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 (STAT3), whereas the inhibitor of put-miR-34 showed a significant increase in STAT3 expression and its phosphorylation. In addition, put-miR-34 had 76% homology to the untranslated region of STAT3. NGS and PCR array data submitted to the Gene Ontology project also predicted the role of transcription factors modulated by put-miR-34. Our data suggest that put-miR-34 may be a good target for antiviral therapy.
Persistence of Enterobacteriaceae Drawn into a Marine Saltern (Saline di Tarquinia, Italy) from the Adjacent Coastal Zone
Authors: Gorrasi Susanna , Pasqualetti Marcella , Franzetti Andrea , Gonzalez-Martinez Alejandro , Gonzalez-Lopez Jesus , Muñoz-Palazon Barbara , Fenice Massimiliano
Published: May 2021

Enterobacteriaceae is present in various niches worldwide (i.e., the gastrointestinal tracts of animals, clinical specimens, and diverse environments) and hosts some well-known pathogens (i.e., salmonellas, shigellas and pathogenic coliforms). No investigation has focused on its occurrence in marine salterns, and it is not clear if these hypersaline environments could be a reservoir for these bacteria including some potentially harmful members. In this study, a two-year metabarcoding survey was carried out on samples collected from different ponds of the “Saline di Tarquinia” salterns and the nearby coastal waters. Enterobacteriaceae was recorded almost constantly in the seawaters feeding the saltern. Its abundance was generally higher in the sea than in the ponds, probably due to the higher anthropic impact. The same trend was evidenced for the key genus (Escherichia/Shigella) and OTU (OTU 5) of the Enterobacteriaceae community. Various parameters affected taxon/OTU abundance: Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia/Shigella and OTU5 decreased with increasing salinity and rains; moreover, Escherichia/Shigella and OTU 5 were higher in autumn than in spring. Although Enterobacteriaceae did not seem to find the most favourable conditions for a high-abundance persistence in the saltern environment, it did not disappear. These observations suggested this environment as a potential reservoir for bacteria with possible important health implications.
Geomats Used to Control Erosion on Reservoir Margins in Brazilian Hydroelectric Power Plants
Authors: da Luz Marta , Aparicio Ardila Maria , dos Santos Junior Ricardo , Valentin Clever , Schliewe Marlon , Coelho Arnaldo , Lins da Silva Jefferson
Published: May 2021

Erosion on reservoir margins causes losses in the production of energy in Hydroelectric Power Plants (HPPs), making it necessary to implement control techniques that ensure the reduction in sediment deposits inside reservoirs. Among these techniques, geomats (geosynthetic erosion mats) are widely used to control erosion processes in slopes and watercourses. This material protects the margins both in the short and long term, contributing to strengthening the vegetation’s roots developed in the erosion areas. This paper studies the performance of geomats (with and without sack gabion) installed in six margin sections distributed in three experimental units of the Brazilian HPPs called Porto Colômbia and Volta Grande. The geomat performance was evaluated over four years of monitoring through a qualitative evaluation matrix and differential bathymetry. The influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the degradation of geomats installed in each section (natural conditions), as well as on geomat ultraviolet-aging samples in the laboratory (accelerated conditions), was also evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed no significant difference in performance between using the erosion control technique consisting only of geomats and the technique consisting of geomats and sack gabion. The highest bathymetric difference value obtained in the present study was 1.62 m in the experimental unit VG1, controlled with geomat without the application of sack gabion on the margin.
Soil Moisture Behavior in Relation to Topography and Land Use for Two Andean Colombian Catchments
Authors: Garzón-Sánchez Henry , Loaiza-Usuga Juan Carlos , Vélez-Upégui Jaime Ignacio
Published: May 2021

Understanding the soil moisture behavior in relation to land use in tropical Andean mountain catchments is essential for comprehending water fluxes, ecohydrological relations and hydrological dynamics in this understudied ecosystem. Soils are a key factor of these ecosystems, especially in reference to water level regulation and anthropogenic activities that can alter the interactions, and generate physical, chemical and biological imbalances. In this study, we investigated the relationship between precipitation, soil water content (SWC) and the flow at different pedon scales, and hillslope and microcatchment scales subjected to different land uses. The results showed the relation between the soils uses, topographical conditions and soil moisture at the microcatchment scale. At the pedon scale, soil moisture is higher and with a low variability in depth; high soil moisture content throughout the study period was registered in forest > pasture > coffee agroforestry systems. The topographic wetness index (TWI), despite its adjusted interpretation of the behavior of humidity at the microcatchment scale, is a poor predictor of the behavior of soil humidity at the pedon scale. Pedon water content has a close relation with the precipitation behavior, especially in prolonged dry and humid periods. The soils studied tend to present udic moisture regimes with a dry period of approximately 67 accumulative days per year. The mean flow behavior responds to precipitation and soil moisture behavior at a monthly scale. Understanding the consequences of the land cover changes in relation to soil water behavior, as well as how soil water interacts with the different components of the hydric balance at different scales, allows an understanding of the complex interactions in natural microcatchments under different land use systems.
Velocity Structure of Density Currents Propagating over Rough Beds
Authors: Nasrollahpour Reza , Jamal Mohamad Hidayat , Ismail Zulhilmi , Ibrahim Zulkiflee , Jumain Mazlin , Mohd Haniffah Mohd Ridza , Ishak Daeng Siti Maimunah
Published: May 2021

In most practical cases, density-driven currents flow over surfaces that are not smooth; however, the effects of bottom roughness on these currents have not been fully understood yet. Hence, this study aims to examine the velocity structure of density currents while propagating over rough beds. To this end, alterations in the vertical velocity profiles within the body of these currents were investigated in the presence of different bottom roughness configurations. Initially, laboratory experiments were carried out for density currents flowing over a smooth surface to provide a baseline for comparison. Thereafter, seven bottom roughness configurations were tested, encompassing both dense and sparse bottom roughness. The bottom roughness consisted of repeated arrays of square cross-section beams covering the full channel width and perpendicular to the flow direction. The primary results indicate that the bottom roughness decelerated the currents and modified the shape of velocity profiles, particularly in the region close to the bed. Additionally, a critical spacing of the roughness elements was detected for which the currents demonstrated the lowest velocities. For the spacings above the critical value, increasing the distance between the roughness elements had little impact on controlling the velocity of these currents. Moreover, using dimensional analysis, equations were developed for estimating the mean velocities of the currents flowing over various configurations of the bottom roughness. The findings of this research could contribute towards better parameterization and improved knowledge of density currents flowing over rough beds. This can lead to a better prediction of the evolution of these currents in many practical cases as well as improved planning and design measures for the control of such currents.
Effects of Plastic Debris on the Biofilm Bacterial Communities in Lake Water
Authors: Shen Chao , Huang Liuyan , Xie Guangwu , Wang Yulai , Ma Zongkai , Yao Yu , Yang Hong
Published: May 2021

Increasing discharge of plastic debris into aquatic ecosystems and the worsening ecological risks have received growing attention. Once released, plastic debris could serve as a new substrate for microbes in waters. The complex relationship between plastics and biofilms has aroused great interest. To confirm the hypothesis that the presence of plastic in water affects the composition of biofilm in natural state, in situ biofilm culture experiments were conducted in a lake for 40 days. The diversity of biofilm attached on natural (cobble stones (CS) and wood) and plastic substrates (Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)) were compared, and the community structure and composition were also analyzed. Results from high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA showed that the diversity and species richness of biofilm bacterial communities on natural substrate (observed species of 1353~1945, Simpson index of 0.977~0.989 and Shannon–Wiener diversity index of 7.42~8.60) were much higher than those on plastic substrates (observed species of 900~1146, Simpson index of 0.914~0.975 and Shannon–Wiener diversity index of 5.47~6.99). The NMDS analyses were used to confirm the taxonomic significance between different samples, and Anosim (p = 0.001, R = 0.892) and Adonis (p = 0.001, R = 808, F = 11.19) demonstrated that this classification was statistically rigorous. Different dominant bacterial communities were found on plastic and natural substrates. Alphaproteobacterial, Betaproteobacteria and Synechococcophycideae dominated on the plastic substrate, while Gammaproteobacteria, Phycisphaerae and Planctomycetia played the main role on the natural substrates. The bacterial community structure of the two substrates also showed significant difference which is consistent with previous studies using other polymer types. Our results shed light on the fact that plastic debris can serve as a new habitat for biofilm colonization, unlike natural substrates, pathogens and plastic-degrading microorganisms selectively attached to plastic substrates, which affected the bacterial community structure and composition in aquatic environment. This study provided a new insight into understanding the potential impacts of plastics serving as a new habitat for microbial communities in freshwater environments. Future research should focus on the potential impacts of plastic-attached biofilms in various aquatic environments and the whole life cycle of plastics (i.e., from plastic fragments to microplastics) and also microbial flock characteristics using microbial plastics in the natural environment should also be addressed.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INVENTORY INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN USING ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY METHOD
Authors: Frieyadie Frieyadie , Setiyorini Tyas
Published: May 2021

The research problems faced are among others the cost of ordering goods which always changes every time there is an order. Poor product order data collection and less than optimal handling of product orders can harm the company. To solve the problem of controlling inventory management, the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method is used, which is proven to be effective in overcoming these problems. Contribution is generated by building an inventory management information system so that the problems faced are not repeated. The purpose of this study is to make the cost of ordering goods more stable and more optimal in handling product orders.
Las tutorías y las emociones del estudiante universitario
Authors: Cepeda-González María Cristina , Villarreal-Soto Blanca Margarita , Ramos-Jaubert Rocío Isabel , Delgado Estrada Sandra
Published: May 2021

The objective of this article was to analyze the interaction that have mentoring and emotions in the college student. This topic has brought great interest in the educational field as a way to improve the educational and socioemotional development of the students of the bachelor in Science of education in the Faculty of Science, Education and Humanities of the UAdeC; which are assisted through the Institutional Program of mentoring that today is overriding for the integral accompaniment of the college student where the orientation and cognitive support is attended for the student’s academic development; Likewise the emotional element, serving the same emotional education in learning, application and strategy practices, cognitive, skill values, socialization and self-control for an integral education. Consequently, emotions alert the danger of a situation within the educational praxis and mentoring in the possibilities of success or failure when faced. The ample is conformed by a total of 155 students of bachelor’s in science of Education.
El proceso de aprendizaje de la asignatura de Biología en modalidad blended learning
Authors: Flores-González Efigenia
Published: May 2021

The teaching of biology demands the constant search for innovative learning strategies that allow the achievement of established purposes in the curricular programs. There are a large number of learning strategies in blended settings, so it is essential to identify their scope in a blended context due to the contingency that is taking place. The objective of this research is to evaluate if the learning process of 2ndgrade biology students is accomplished on the technopedagogical design operable on the Teams platform in the blended learning modality. The research is mixed, with an explanatory scope. It starts with obtaining qualitative data related to the performance criteria of each student, and subsequently, they are quantitatively analyzed to identify the appropriation of knowledge to the specific content of Biology. The results make crucial contributions to the educational field since it provides an instructional design based on strategies that foster the learning of Biology in a blended learning modality according to the current contingency needs as well as evaluation instruments that demonstrate the achievement of the purposes raised according to a competency-based educational program.
Telefon komórkowy — narzędzie komunikacji, narzędzie zmiany społecznej
Authors: Szymańska Ilona
Published: May 2021

The mobile telephone is an invention which has extremely quickly become an integral part of everyday life and has definitively changed the habits of individuals. It became an obvious context of interaction and the observation of the methods of its use in different social groups allow the following of the process of the formation of new patterns of behaviour and social norms which have been created around this tool. The topic of discussion is in what manner the contacts maintained by the mobile telephone has influenced the shaping of social relations and the maintenance of social bonds in the conditions observed by theoreticians of the social process of individualisation. The possibilities of overcoming the spatial limitations which the mobile phone creates and above all the multiplicity of its functions and uses mean that it has a powerful potential for creating change.
Podróże do pracy jako element nowego stylu życia. Postulaty ruchu społecznego Slow Down
Authors: Laskowska-Otwinowska Justyna
Published: May 2021

Contestation of the cultural mainstream is the root of several new social phenomena within current euro-American civilization. One of them is the Slow Movement — a social movement calling for a slowing down of the pace of everyday life. The Movement’s call for the protection of slow time has arisen from the fear of compression of time in the last decades of the XX century. One of the methods of protection proposed by Slow Movement is to view the business trip and journeys to work as a time for contemplation. This article aims to depict the phenomenon of travel connected to work as a factor of a change in lifestyle.
Style życia a uczestnictwo w kulturze. Pytanie o wzajemne relacje i metodologiczny punkt ciężkości w badaniach stylów życia
Authors: Nosal Przemysław
Published: May 2021

The author attempts to connect the category of lifestyle with that of participation in culture. In order to do this two continuums are used which correspond to the character of participation in culture (from recipient to creator) and the form of participation institutional and beyond institution). As a result of the superimposition of the two axes, four fields are obtained within which the practices of participation in culture by the individual may be placed. The model obtained in this manner allows the multidimensional description of the issues of the participation in culture and at the same time may be used as tool in the analysis of lifestyles.
Prasa a internet: konkurencja czy komplementarność?
Authors: Kotowska Agata
Published: May 2021

The author’s considerations concern the relationship in the period of fundamental changes in technology and culture between the press and the Internet — two media which are different in both form and function. The influence of the press is changing which is shown in the diminishing sales worldwide, and the significance of the Internet is increasing. The systematic contraction of the market for the press is caused by several factors. The competitiveness of the Internet increases with the increasing participation of the young generation in social life. At the same time there is a deep cultural transformation underway which involves the increasing domination of the pictorial environment, the marginalization of the word, the shallowness which replaces previous values. There are many possible futures for the press. The most probable is that it will adapt in form and will continue to exist in the media market. The influence  of the press on future societies remains unclear.
Dyskurs akademicki i prasowy na temat ubóstwa na Białorusi: kilka refleksji
Authors: Kanash Tatsiana
Published: May 2021

Academic and newspaper discourses on poverty issues in Belarus are discussed in this article. The academic discourse involves poverty statistics and relevant publications by Belarusian sociologists, economists and other researchers from government, non-government and international institutions. The newspaper discourse includes government and non-government newspapers. The goal of this article is to show the essence and forms of poverty in Belarus searching for its visible and latent aspects as well as discursive practices.
Narracje zniszczenia. Trauma wojenna w muzeach miejskich Petersburga, Warszawy i Drezna
Authors: Bogumił Zuzanna , Wawrzyniak Joanna
Published: May 2021

The authors analyse the presentation of WWII in the city museums of St Petersburg, Warsaw and Dresden. These narratives, they argue, are the effect of merging and interconnection of themes and elements coming from various types of discourse, shaped respectively by the local communities and by the state’s historical policy. Having characterised the most important elements of these two discourses, the authors indicate that to this day, the exhibitions contain interpretation patterns characteristic for the Cold War era. The dominant state discourse strongly influences the presentation of the city’s destruction and its inhabitants’ trauma. The exhibitions in both Warsaw and St Petersburg emphasize the image of an innocent victim attacked by the enemy, and present the city’s destruction in terms of lost but heroic struggle. In Dresden, there are visible references to the discourses of German guilt and German suffering. The exhibitions cannot detach themselves from the context of national history, and they fail to present many aspects of the local experience of WWII.
„Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku” — prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja językowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu
Authors: Kossewska Elżbieta
Published: May 2021

The article describes the process of integration of Polish Jews in Israel in the first decade of the country’s existence. The author presents an overview of the Polish language press of that period, which, supported by influential political parties, served as a tool for assimilating the new waves of immigrants. Interestingly it was Polish, a language known to a large section of the population, that served as a vehicle of integration with Hebrew culture. Admittedly however, the process was to some degree slowed down by the immigrants’ inability to break free from the cultural heritage of the diaspora.
Norbert Elias i socjologia figuracyjna
Authors: Suwada Katarzyna
Published: May 2021

In the article the biography and theories of Norbert Elias, a sociologist who lived and wrote in 20th century, are presented. He tried to overcome the division between society and an individual, he opposed the reduction of processes to states and introduced the term “figuration”. Figurations underline the relational and processual character of social reality. An important part of his sociology is the theory of the civilizing process which using a historical perspectives tries to explain social changes. The aim of this article is to recall Elias’ sociology and to show its importance to contemporary trends in sociology. A starting point is the release of a Polish translation of one of his first book titled What is Sociology?
Obrazy w działaniu. Strategie interwencyjne współczesnych badań wizualnych
Authors: Frąckowiak Maciej
Published: May 2021

The topic of this article is the reconstruction of the scope of the contemporary use of visual investigative methods. It begins with a discussion of the social changes and changes of social theory which have led to a substantial redefinition of the form of video and visual techniques for intervention activities applied by the social sciences. Such activities are based on a greater degree of participation of those who will make use of them than was usual in the past, the technology of the creation and distribution of images is much more widespread, and also there has been an important change in the definition of technical images for the use of the social sciences — these all allow their contemporary utilisation, and are described by the author in the form of five models of strategy: advocacy, cultural representation, the animation of local communities, education in visual competence and control of values and safety. In the second part of the article they are presented using selected and representative examples.
Serial jako element praktyk społecznych
Authors: Sokołowski Łukasz
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the article is to show how the TV-series — one of the most importantforms of television production — is incorporated into the daily routines of the spec-tators. Michel de Certeau perspective of applied sociology of everyday life and criticalreflection on everyday life is used as a theoretical framework. In the case of TV-series,the routines can take a form of: (1) “logging in” and “reading”” TV-series, (2) movementand sociability routines, and (3) discursive development of received meanings. “Soapopera experience” consists mainly of linguistic practices cultivated while watching theseries, which is a modern form of storytelling, socializing, which changes the audiences’view of reality, its social framework for evaluation and interpretation. A viewer is crit-ical and active; they use consumption processes as an excuse to construct their ownmeanings and narratives, and negotiate the meaning of what is presented to them.
DVIBURIO VOŽTUVO STENOZĘ IMITUOJANTI KAIRIOJO PRIEŠIRDŽIO MIKSOMA. KLINIKINIO ATVEJO ANALIZĖ
Authors: Jakuškaitė Gabrielė , Ereminienė Eglė
Published: May 2021

Pirminiai širdies navikai yra reti, daugiausia gerybiniai. Didžiąją jų dalį sudaro miksomos, kurios dažniausiai aptinkamos kairiajame prieširdyje. Neretai širdies miksomos ilgą laiką išlieka besimptomės ir aptinkamos atsitiktinių širdies vaizdinių tyrimų metu. Tačiau gali atsirasti simptomų, imituojančių dviburio vožtuvo stenozę. Aprašomas 37 metų paciento, patekusio į ligoninę dėl įtariamos bronchopneumonijos, atsiradusio stipraus dusulio, priverstinės sėdimosios padėties, karščiavimo ir bendro silpnumo, klinikinis atvejis. Atlikus dvimatį echokardiografinį tyrimą, aptiktas judrus darinys kairiajame prieširdyje, diastolės metu ženkliai stenozuojantis dviburį vožtuvą. Sumažėjus uždegiminiams rodikliams, pacientui buvo atlikta darinio rezekcija dirbtinės kraujo apytakos sąlygomis. Histologiškai patvirtinta širdies miksomos diagnozė. Paciento pooperacinis laikotarpis sklandus.
SKIRTINGŲ KRŪTIES VĖŽIO LĄSTELIŲ LINIJŲ ATSPARUMO RADIOTERAPIJAI TYRIMAS
Authors: Laukaitienė Danguolė , Vaitkus Antanas , Savukaitytė Aistė , Vadeikienė Roberta , Inčiūra Arturas , Ugenskienė Rasa , Juozaitytė Elona
Published: May 2021

Įvadas. Radioterapija yra vienas iš pagrindinių vėžio gydymo metodų, taikomų daugiau kaip pusei onkologinių pacientų. Manoma, kad pagrindinė onkologinės ligos pasikartojimo ir nesėkmingo gydymo priežastis yra vėžinių ląstelių atsparumas radioterapijai. Viena iš pagrindinių atsparumo radioterapijai priežasčių yra vėžinių ląstelių gebėjimas išvengti apoptozės. Manoma, kad ląstelės ciklas taip pat yra vienas iš procesų, turinčių reikšmės radioatsparumui. Šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti skirtingų krūties vėžio ląstelių linijų atsparumą radioterapijai, lyginant jų gyvybingumą, ląstelių pasiskirstymą tarp ciklo fazių ir apoptozės intensyvumą. Metodika. MCF-7 ir MDA-MB-231 ląstelių gyvybingumas buvo ištirtas, naudojant kolonijų formavimo testą. Ląstelės ciklo analizei buvo dažomos propidžio jodidu ir analizuojamos, naudojant tėkmės citometrą Muse Cell Analyzer. Apoptozės intensyvumui nustatyti naudotas aneksinas V ir Guava PCA tėkmės citometras. Rezultatai. Šiame tyrime nustatėme, kad MDA-MB-231 ląstelių gyvybingumas po radioterapijos poveikio buvo didesnis, nei MCF-7 ląstelių. Ciklo analizė parodė, kad po radioterapijos poveikio MCF-7 ląstelių ciklo sustabdymas vyko G0/G1 fazėje, o MDA-MB-231 ląstelių – G2/M fazėje. Po radioterapijos poveikio MCF-7 ląstelėse apoptozė prasidėjo anksčiau ir buvo intensyvesnė, o MDA-MB-231 ląstelės reagavo vėliau ir turėjo uždelstą apoptozinį atsaką. Išvados. MDA-MB-231 ląstelės buvo atsparesnės radioterapijai, negu MCF-7 ląstelės.
LEGIONELIOZĖ: ETIOLOGIJA, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMAS, PROFILAKTIKA
Authors: Zieniūtė Viktorija , Daleckytė Liveta
Published: May 2021

Remiantis naujausios mokslinės literatūros duomenimis, straipsnyje apžvelgiama legioneliozės etiologija, diagnostika, gydymo ir profilaktikos galimybės. Atlikta sisteminė literatūros apžvalga, į kurią įtraukta 20 Legionella pneumophila infekciją aprašančių publikacijų, atrinktų PubMed ir UpToDate mokslinėse duomenų bazėse. Legioneliozė – infekcija, sukeliama viduląstelinės bakterijos Legionella pneumophila, kuria užsikrečiama inhaliavus aerozolio. Dauguma atvejų yra sporadiniai. Legionella pneumophila dažniausiai sukelia atipinę pneumoniją, kuri gali pasireikšti ir ekstrapulmoniniais simptomais (mialgija, viduriavimas, inkstų ir kepenų rodiklių pokyčiai kraujyje). Dažniausiai klinikinėje praktikoje naudojamas laboratorinės diagnostikos metodas – Legionella pneumophila antigeno nustatymas šlapime. Pagrindinis Legionella pneumophila gydymo metodas – antibiotikoterapija. Profilaktikos priemonės skirtos sukėlėjo šaltinio paieškai ir jo sunaikinimui terminiais ar cheminiais būdais.
PREVALENCE OF NAFLD AMONG HEALTHY LIVER DONORS
Authors: Rashid Shawl Muzaffer , Islam Mir Fahad ul , Rahman Saad Abdul , Anand Anil C , Wadhawan Manav , Gupta Shubash
Published: May 2021

NAFLD is hepatic pandemic of the twenty rst century, being leading cause of chronic hepatic disease in western world. We did a cross sectional
study to nd out prevalence of NAFLD among prospective healthy liver donors at a tertiary care hospital at New Delhi, India over a period from
June 2014 to March 2016. 124 apparently healthy prospective liver donors were selected. Exclusion criteria were set to exclude all those who had
signicant history of alcohol intake (dened as greater than 30g/day for men and greater than 20g/day for women over last two years), Hepatitis B
or C infection, severe surgical weight loss or emaciation, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Celiac disease, history of drug intake known to cause hepatic
steatosis. Out of 124 prospective liver donors included in this study, 29 (23%) donors were found to have fatty liver on USG abdomen; 38 (31%)
donors had fatty liver on unenhanced CTof the abdomen (LAI of ≤ 5 HU); 61 (49%) donors had fatty liver on magnetic resonance.
POST COVID-19 VACCINATION SURVEY FROM MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS: A QUESTIONNAIRE BASED STUDY
Authors: Rani Reena , Saxena Shikha
Published: May 2021

The seriousness of Covid-19 infection outbreak can be understood by looking at the Govt data or WHO data available. By analyzing the post
vaccination experience from medical professionals we can use the data to further motivate general people to take the vaccine and shun the
misconceptions and apprehensions related to the presently available vaccines .The objectives of the current study were to collect information about
the perception of medical professionals on COVID-19 vaccine, to analyze the side effects in the rst 72 hours of post vaccination period and to
associate the side effects with age, gender and presence of apprehensions. By taking the opinion poll and rating of the vaccine experience of
medical professionals who are the rst ones on 1 – 10 Likert's scale we can bring out the true picture of their experience which can point towards the
efciency of the Government vaccination programme and inspire more people to receive the vaccine in future to help prevent Covid-19 infection
.Our study results can also validate the Govt. ofcial data of vaccination experience and satisfaction of people receiving it for the rst time and
thereby making this drive a successful one.
A Cluster of FPAAs to Recognize Images using Neural Networks
Authors: García Moreno Daniel , Del Barrio Alberto A , Botella Guillermo , Hasler Jennifer
Published: May 2021

Analog computing has been recovering its relevance in the recent years. FPAAs are the equivalent to FPGAs but in the analog domain. The main drawback of FPAAs is their reduced integration capacity. In order to increase the amount of analog resources, in this paper a cluster of 40 FPAAs is proposed. As a use case, a 19-8-6-4 feedforward Neural Network has been implemented on such cluster. With the help of a DCT-based software framework, this NN is able to classify 28x28 MNIST images. Results show that the analog network is able to obtain almost the same results as the software baseline network.
A Coordinated Direct AF DF Relay-Aided NOMA Framework for Low Outage
Authors: Jee Anand , AGRAWAL KAMAL , Prakriya Shankar
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates the performance of a framework for low-outage downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) signalling using a coordinated direct and relay transmission (CDRT) scheme with direct links to both the near-user (NU) and the far-user (FU). Both amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) relaying are considered. In this framework, NU and FU combine the signals from BS and R to attain good outage performance and harness a diversity of two without any need for feedback. For the NU, this serves as an incentive to participate in NOMA signalling. For both NU and FU, expressions for outage probability and throughput are derived in closed form. High-SNR approximations to the outage probability are also presented. We demonstrate that the choice of power allocation coefficient and target rate is crucial to maximize the NU performance while ensuring a desired FU performance. We demonstrate performance gain of the proposed scheme over selective decode-and-forward (SDF) CDRT-NOMA in terms of three metrics: outage probability, sum throughput and energy efficiency. Further, we demonstrate that by choosing the target rate intelligently, the proposed CDRT NOMA scheme ensures higher energy efficiency (EE) in comparison to its orthogonal multiple access counterpart. Monte Carlo simulations validate the derived expressions.
OCCURRENCE OF AFLATOXIN M1 IN RAW ANIMAL MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
Authors: Oluwatosin Akinyemi , Ekpakpale Daniella , Oyedele Oluwawapelumi , Ayeni Kolawole , Fapohunda Stephen O. , Chibundu Ezekiel
Published: May 2021

A total of 144 samples of milk and milk products comprising 23 raw camel milk, 77 cow milk, 24 goat milk and 20 kindirmo (fermented milk) were randomly purchased across four states in northern Nigeria during July 2020 and screened for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) using an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The incidence (and mean values) of AFM1 in the camel milk, cow milk, goat milk and kindirmo samples were 74 % (38 ng/L), 99 % (92 ng/L), 100 % (112 ng/L) and 100 % (145 ng/L), respectively. The mean AFM1 levels in 22 %, 42 %, 83 % and 50 % of the camel milk, cow milk, goat milk and kindirmo samples, respectively, exceeded the European Union threshold of 50 ng/L. Results from this study suggest that consumption of raw animal milk and its products could be a contributing factor to aflatoxin exposure among households in northern Nigeria.
House Price Prediction With Statistical Analysis in Support Vector Machine Learning for Regression Estimation
Authors: Vasquez Cesar , Chellamuthu Vinodh
Published: May 2021

Support vector learning machines are supervised models that analyze data for classification analysis. However, with modifications these models can be extended for regression estimation. In this paper, we use Dean De Cock’s Iowa house price dataset, composed of quantitative and qualitative variables, to build a predictive house pricing model. We employ a systematic approach to preparing the data and processing the features using statistical analysis. To reduce model over-fitting, we use stratified k-fold cross-validation. We also use various metrics for measuring model performance including r-squared (R2) and mean absolute error (MAE). Moreover, we explore various kernels for hyper-dimensional feature mapping to account for data that is not linearly separable. We compare the kernel performance and find that there is a trade-off between model complexity and performance. Furthermore, there also exists a trade-off between maximum accuracy achievable and general model performance.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE MONITORAMENTO NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA COVID-19 EM SOBRAL-CEARÁ
Authors: Alves Dorneles Josiane , Lopes Farias Rogeriany , Cavalcante Fonteles Araújo Larissa , De Vasconcelos Rodrigues Paloma , Frota Ribeiro Queiroz Isabelle , Maria da Silveira Germana
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho se trata de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, com abordagem qualitativa, que objetiva descrever as principais estratégias de monitoramento e vigilância adotadas pela Secretaria de Saúde do Município de Sobral-Ceará no enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19, realizado no período de março a setembro de 2020. Serão abordadas, neste estudo, as ações estratégicas implementadas com vistas ao efetivo monitoramento dos casos suspeitos e confirmados e oferecer retaguarda à gestão municipal para a tomada de decisão, a saber: implantação de uma Central de Monitoramento da Covid-19, monitoramento descentralizado dos casos pela Atenção Primária à Saúde e criação do teleatendimento por meio do Plantão Epidemiológico 24 horas. Essas estratégias foram fundamentais para subsidiar a gestão municipal no planejamento de ações e fluxos intersetoriais necessários para o enfrentamento da pandemia. Dessa maneira, revestiram-se de relevância ao assegurarem adequado acompanhamento das condições de saúde da população, a prevenção de agravos e controle da transmissibilidade da doença.
Florística, Fitossociologia e Índices de Diversidade da Caatinga em Assentamento Rural no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Santana José Augusto da , Figueredo da Silva Zaccharias1 Adriana , Brito da Silva Amanda , Da Silva Monteiro Freire Ageu , Garcia Zaccharias Eduardo
Published: May 2021

A Caatinga é um bioma localizado na região Nordeste do Brasil, abrangendo cerca de 10% do território nacional e com elevada população dependente dos produtos oriundos de sua vegetação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a composição florística, fitossociológica e a diversidade do componente arbóreo-arbustivo na área dos lotes do Assentamento Rural Lagoa Nova I, localizado no município de Riachuelo, Rio Grande do Norte/RN. Para tanto, realizou-se o levantamento florístico em 15 unidades amostrais de 20 x 10m (200mÇ), onde, em cada unidade amostral, foram inventariados todos os indivíduos arbóreo-arbustivos vivos que apresentaram circunferência a 1,30m do solo superior ou igual a 15cm (CAP ≥ 15cm). Avaliaram-se os parâmetros fitossociológicos e a estrutura, além da diversidade florística das espécies através do Índice de Shannon-Weaver, a dominância de  Simpson e a equabilidade de Pielou. Depois de mais de 30 anos após a erradicação do cultivo de algodão na área, com a vegetação dos lotes sendo mantida em sistema de pousio, observou-se que a família com maior destaque foi a Fabaceae, com 8 espécies e 186 indivíduos, enquanto as espécies com maior importância na área de estudo foram Poincianella pyramidalis  (15,55%), Bumelia sartorum  (12,46%) e Mimosa tenuiflora  (11,25%). A diversidade de espécies na área dos lotes dos assentados foi considerada acima da média, quando comparada com outros fragmentos florestais de Caatinga já estudados, com condições edafoclimáticas semelhantes, e se encontra em bom estado de preservação, estando ainda no estágio inicial de sucessão ecológica.
Analisis kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa ditinjau dari self confidence
Authors: Khoirunnisa Pramudya Hilma , Malasari Putri Nur
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini ditujukan guna menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Kudus berdasarkan tingkat self-confidence yang dimiliki. Subjek yang digunakan yaitu 3 peserta didik kelas X jurusan Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Kudus dimana ketiganya memiliki tingkat kepercayaan diri yang berbeda, yaitu tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan angket self-confidence, tes kemampuan berpikir kritis, serta wawancara. Untuk menganalisis data, teknik yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan untuk keabsahan data digunakan teknik triangulasi waktu. Dari penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat self-confidence peserta didik maka semakin baik pula kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis peserta didik tersebut, begitupun sebaliknya.
Parto por cesárea y morbimortalidad en neonatos del Hospital las Mercedes, marzo a octubre del 2019
Authors: Cueva Puelles Lizeth Abigail , Ching Díaz Karen Y. , Monsalve-Mera Alain E.
Published: May 2021

La cesárea es la cirugía más realizada en los hospitales de segundo nivel. Según OMS, luego de una cesárea existe un riesgo 2 veces mayor de ingreso del neonato a cuidados intensivos por más de 7 días, tanto si la cesárea fue a elección como por urgencias Objetivos: Determinar la incidencia de parto por cesárea e influencia en la morbimortalidad en neonatos del Hospital las Mercedes, Marzo –Octubre 2019.Materiales y métodos: Estudio censal con 295 historias clínicas. Se elaboró una ficha de recolección de datos que contempla variables sobre características de pacientes del Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital las Mercedes. Resultados y conclusiones: La incidencia de parto en el hospital fue de 48%, mientras que en el Servicio de Neonatología fue del 54%. El 52% de los neonatos presentó dificultad respiratoria, el 11,2% leve, 37% moderado y el 2,3% severo.  Los neonatos nacidos por cesárea tuvieron una mortalidad 0,6%, TTRN de 44% y SALAM 3,8%. La infección neonatal y la sepsis fue 10% mayor en neonatos nacidos por parto vaginal que por cesárea. En síntesis, la incidencia de partos en el HLM está muy por encima a la incidencia reportada por otros estudios a nivel Nacional y según la OMS. La mayoría de los neonatos padeció dificultad respiratoria en un nivel leve o moderado. La sepsis neonatal precoz es muy más frecuente en nacidos por parto vaginal y no es posible determinar la influencia del parto por cesárea en la obtención de APGAR BAJO al 5 minuto.
Una pandemia y varios males endémicos en el Perú: A propósito de la COVID-19
Authors: Salazar-Zuloeta Jaime , Pando-Lazo Rosío del Pilar
Published: May 2021

El Perú, pese al avance económico alcanzado en las últimas décadas, y luego de anunciar y aprobar reformas, no ha podido hacer efectiva la consolidación de un sólido Sistema de Salud, capaz de llegar, con atenciones oportunas, seguras, efectivas y eficientes sobre todo, a las poblaciones con menos recursos económicos. Esta deficiencia se deja notar desde el Primer Nivel de Atención, y se agudiza en el defectuoso y burocrático sistema de referencia a otros niveles de complejidad. También es lamentable que la inversión económica en salud no sea la que se requiere para corregir la inequidad. Como si lo anterior no fuera suficiente, sistemas de corrupción funcionando desde hace décadas terminan afectando sentidamente el otorgamiento de atenciones de salud. La inversión en generación de conocimiento y tecnología en salud, por años abandonada, está avanzando gracias a acertadas decisiones como la Ley marco de Telesalud que ha puesto la tecnología a disposición las clases populares menos favorecidas del país.