bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Changes in the Upper Airway in Children with Finger Sucking Habit Using Cephalometric Radiographs
Authors: Betha Sharmila Priyanka , Kanwal Bushra , Kumar Randhir , Jandial Disha , Musalli Rabab , Varma Praveen Kumar
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The persistence of the sucking beyond a certain age has been attributed to many deleterious effects on the orofacial structures. Hence, the present study evaluates the alterations in the upper airway among the children with and without the finger-sucking habits.

Material and Methods:

We piloted an observational study among 58 children with malocclusion who required orthodontic treatment, in which between 7 and 12 years were selected. They were subjected to lateral cephalometric radiographs, and cephalometric analysis of craniofacial morphology, tongue posture, hyoid bone position, upper airway, and head posture was performed and analyzed using independent t-test.

Results:

In the children with finger-sucking habit group, not only the maxilla was placed anteriorly in relation to the cranial base, but also increased Abstract xi in the length of the palate and the tongue posture. No significant alterations were seen in other parameters.

Conclusion:

Changes were evident among the children with finger-sucking habits for the craniofacial morphology, tongue posture, upper airway, and head posture with no alteration in the hyoid bone position.
Evaluation of Distortion in the Posterior Palatal Seal Area of Maxillary Cast by Different Adaptation Techniques of Denture Bases
Authors: Saurabh Kumar , Vaidya Neha , Singh Bishnupati , Kishlay Komal , Mahadevan Vallabh , Krishnan Divya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To evaluate and compare the amount of distortion in the posterior palatal seal area in V-shaped and U-shaped palatal form of maxillary cast by different adaptation techniques of maxillary denture bases.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 60 stone casts were made, out of which 30 identical stone casts of U-shaped palatal form and 30 identical stone casts of V-shaped palatal form of maxillary casts were prepared. The 30 stone casts of U-shaped palatal form and 30 stone casts of V-shaped palatal forms were divided into three groups for measurements to be done. Data were statistically analyzed by using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) without replication.

Results:

Discrepancies of fit of dentures on U-shaped casts and V-shaped casts of Groups 1, 2, and 3 in transverse and sagittal sections were measured, and comparative statistical analysis between Group 1&2, Group 1&3, and Group 2&3 was done for statistical significant values.

Conclusion:

Discrepancy in the central region was maximum, and the anchoring methods Group 2 and Group 3 produced a significantly better adaptation than the conventional method (Group 1). The adaptations for V-shaped palate were better when compared with U-shaped palate in the central region.
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Apexogenesis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ageel Basmah M. , El Meligy Omar A. , Quqandi Sarah M. A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of apexogenesis with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) against other pulpotomy agents in carious/traumatized immature permanent teeth.

Data Source:

A web-based search for possibly relevant scientific papers in the English language between January 2013 and August 2022 was undertaken in the databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. Only randomized clinical trials that compared MTA against other pulpotomy medicaments conducted in vital immature permanent dentition with open apex, having a sample size of not less than 20 with at least 6 months follow-up, reporting clinical or radiographic outcomes were included in the current review. Case studies, case series, animal studies, in vitro studies, non-clinical/clinical trials on mature/necrotic permanent or primary dentition, systematic reviews, and letters to the editor were excluded.

Study Selection:

A total of 236 articles were retrieved from the databases during the search procedure. Two independent investigators conducted a full-text review of 83 studies following a screening of titles and abstracts. Eventually, seven studies were considered for the review. The Cochrane bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Five of the selected studies were assigned a low evidence level, whereas two were rated a high evidence level.

Conclusion:

The present review indicated that the diverse pulpotomy agents had comparable clinical outcomes with MTA for apexogenesis in traumatized or carious immature permanent teeth. However, there is a lack of substantial information to draw firm conclusions about the benefits of one material over another.
Assessment of Outcome of Oral Supplementation of Vitamin D3 as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus – A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Ramaprabha G , Khan Nubesh S. , Kunusoth Ramesh , Kakati Indrajit , Hussain Qadri Syed Shah , Seshadri Pavithra Rangarajan
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Both diabetes and periodontitis affect millions of people worldwide and Vitamin D insufficiency may create a conducive environment for the progression of diabetes and periodontal disease. The aim of the study was to assess the outcome of oral supplementation of Vitamin D3 in patients with Type 2Diabetes Mellitus with generalized chronic periodontitis, as an adjuvant toscaling and root planing.

Methodology:

A total of 92 patients, including 46 each in non-diabetic and diabetec group. Clinical parameters including Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), levels of Vitamin D in serum, and Fasting Blood sugar were assessed at the baseline. SRP was finished for each participant in the trial. Following SRP, the first 25people in each group got 60,000 IU of oral vitamin D3 granules once a week for eight weeks, while the remaining 21 subjects from each group did not. At the conclusion of the 8th week following interventions, all the indicators were reviewed.

Results:

Following SRP and Vitamin D supplementation there was a measurably critical reduction in every one of the periodontal clinical indicators in both groups. In both groups, there was a statistically significant rise in serum vitamin D levels.

Conclusion:

In addition to SRP, vitamin D supplementation shows promise as a host immunomodulatory drug in the management of periodontitis, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Survival and Complications of Single Dental Implants in the Edentulous Mandible following Immediate or Delayed Loading: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Nagar Priya , Yadav Krishan , Feroz Shaikh Mohammad Abdul , Gangadharappa Praveen , Gupta Utkarsh , Loganathan Jeevanandam
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The lifespan of an edentulous mandible with one median implant to hold a full denture for 24 months was evaluated to see if the early loading had any impact on it. Single-implant denture retention for the mandibular region was proposed by “Cordioli et al. in the 1990s.

Objectives:

Whether rapid loading and placement of a “single median implant” may result in the implant survival rate comparable to rehabilitation with a single implant and second-stage surgery.

Methods:

It was found that 81 of the 158 implant recipients had quick loading, whereas the rest had delayed loading (77 patients). Patients in the context of “delayed loading group” had follow-up appointments at 1 month, 4 months, 12 months, and 24 months. In addition, the nine implants failed in the 3 months after loading in a quick loading group, while just one implant failed before loading. Median implant survival at 2 years was the study’s main goal. Direct loading had a 7% fatality rate advantage over traditional loading because of the alleged advantages of immediate loading, including the avoidance of second-stage surgery. Prosthetic problems were evaluated using Fisher’s exact test.

Results:

A higher rate of implant survival was not seen when implants were loaded more quickly (P = 0.81). A statistically significant difference (P = 0.019) was seen in implant survival between the therapy groups.

Conclusion:

Single implant loading in an edentulous mandible has a worse survival rate than delayed loading, according to all available research.
Comparison of Single Versus Two Non-Compression Miniplates in the Management of Unfavourable Angle Fracture of the Mandible Orginal Research
Authors: Chatterjee Abhirup , Gunashekhar Shruti , Karthic Ramkumar , Karthika S , Edsor Effie , Nair Roopesh U.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To compare the postoperative complications of fixing Mandibular angle fractures with two non-compression mini plates, on the superior and lateral the aspects of the mandible, to the standard technique of using a single non-compression miniplate on the superior border.

Methodology:

Fifty patients with MAF were divided equally into two groups. Patients in Group 1 were secured with two mini plates at the lateral and superior border of the MA using an extraoral approach; for patients in Group 2 a single non-compression miniplate was used via an intraoral extended third molar approach as described by Champy et al. The post-operative complications in both groups were compared statistically.

Results:

The findings of this study revealed that there was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups when fixing MAF with two non-compression mini plates versus the standard technique of using a single non compression miniplate on the superior border of the mandible. However, the surgery time with one miniplate was significantly more than the dual plate approach.

Conclusion:

We advocate using two mini plates to treat an unfavorable angle fracture.
Inflammatory Impact on Tissues Surrounding the Dental Implant of Singular Abutments Bonded onto Titanium Base – A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chandra Chetan , Sisir Rapolu , Chandy Ajith A. , Singh Sharwan K. , Saluja Jagveer S. , Loganathan Jeevanandam
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In dental implants, the biochemical connection between titanium (ti) and bony tissue has been well established. The properties of dental implants such as osseointegration and stability depend upon composition, design of the implant, connection, and design of the abutment, and additional removal of abutments. Recently, laser-generated micro-grooved surface (LSS) and TI abutments are the main focus of preventing peri-implant inflammation.

Objectives:

To assess the inflammatory impact of singular abutments bonded onto titanium bases on tissues surrounding the dental implant.

Methods:

Twenty subjects were enrolled. Only those subjects were enrolled who were scheduled to undergo prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth. Random division of subjects was done. Group A: Test abutment group and Group B: Control abutment group. The test abutments comprised Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) titanium abutments bonded onto titanium abutments. However, control abutments were customized and only one-piece CAD/CAM titanium abutments were enrolled.On 6 months and 12 months of follow-up, the clinical and radiographic examination was done. Assessment of the bone level changes, clinical variables, and IL-1b levels was assessed.

Results:

Mean IL-1b levels in Group A subjects at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months were 1.52 pg/mL, 1.69 pg/mL, and 1.55 pg/mL, respectively. Mean IL-1b levels among the patients of group B at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months were 1.56 pg/mL, 1.71 pg/mL, and 1.54 pg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion:

Within the limitation of the study, it can be concluded that the impact on the inflammatory condition of surrounding tissues of dental implant does not vary significantly between single abutments bonded onto Titanium bases and singular abutments.
Survival Function of Clinical and Radiographic Success of Three Obturating Materials in Primary Teeth at 3, 6 and 9 Months Periodic Intervals - A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Kumar Kandaswamy Saravana , Asokan Sharath , Geethapriya PR , Sivakumar Kailasam , Yamunadevi Andamuthu
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The study aims to assess clinically and radiographically the success of zinc oxide eugenol, metapex, and endoflas as root canal obturating materials in primary teeth over 3, 6, and 9 months of time intervals. The randomized controlled trial was performed in 60 primary molars of 36 children aged between 4 and 9 years. Permanent restorations were given and stainless steel crowns were placed for the treated tooth. Comparing the survival proportion between the three groups was done using the Wilcoxon (Gehans) statistical test. The clinical survival variable showed 100% survival proportion for zinc oxide eugenol and endoflas, while for metapex it was 69% at the end of 9 months. The radiographical survival proportion was 100% for zinc oxide eugenol, followed by endoflas at 92% and 58% for metapex group.
Knowledge and Attitude about Evidence-Based Dental Practice among Dentists in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gowdar Inderjit M. , AlMrikhan Faisal , Alanazi Fahad , Alfaifi Khalid , Alanazi Bashar , Al-Qahishi Sami
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Quality of patient care will improve when dental professional practices are based on evidence. The present study was aimed at assessing the knowledge and attitude of private dental practitioners in Al-Kharj regarding evidence-based dentistry.

Methodology:

The study sample consisted of 180 private dental practitioners in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect information regarding knowledge and attitude toward evidence-based dental practice (EBDP). Data were collected by direct personal contact and information was collected on the same day.

Results:

Awareness of EBDP among private dental practitioners was 67.8%. Also, 31.1% of subjects told that they practice EBD in decision-making about patient treatment. Only 16.7% of study subjects were aware of the Cochrane database, whereas 34.1% were aware of the evidence-based pyramid. Also, 91.7% thought that they needed to be trained regarding EBD.

Conclusion:

Awareness of EBDP is low among private dental practitioners but the majority of dentists think they need training regarding evidence-based dentistry.
Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Practitioners about Probiotics in Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gowdar Inderjit M. , Aljuma Abdualrhman , Alenazi Naif , Alqahtani Osama , Altayyar Talal , Almiqren Abdullah
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Probiotics are dietary supplements have found their usage mainly for gastrointestinal problems. Recently, oral health benefits of probiotics are investigated and their use for prevention of oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontal problem, and halitosis are established.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and attitude about probiotics among private dental practitioners in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional study conducted on a total of 170 dentists practicing in alkharj. The subjects completed a questionnaire that consisted of information related to assess the awareness, knowledge, and attitude about probiotics. The collected data were expressed as number and percentages.

Results:

96.47% of dentists were aware of the probiotics, while 82.3% of dentists think probiotics helps in improving health. 76.2% have used probiotics for some reason. 81.7% were of the intention to use probiotics for prevention of oral disease.

Conclusion:

This study revealed good awareness of probiotics among dentists in Alkharj. Lack of adequate knowledge about use of probiotics for oral health needs to be addressed.
Carabelli Trait in Primary Tooth - A Case Report
Authors: Hemamalini Rengarajan , Mahabob Nazargi , Anbuselvan Gobichettipalayam Jagatheeswaran , Yamunadevi Andamuthu , Sivagami Muthukrishnan , Asha Jeyakumar , Anbarasu Saravanakumar
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The Carabelli cusp (Cusp of Carabelli) is a tubercle or the extra fifth cusp found on the mesiopalatal cusp of the maxillary permanent and deciduous molars. It is nonfunctional but it can be used to distinguish populations and is also used in forensic and anthropological studies. This condition is uncommon on deciduous teeth. In this case report, we present a rare case of unilateral presence of cusp of Carabelli in deciduous dentition.
Real Scenario of Oral Cancer Awareness Sessions—A Narrative Viewpoint
Authors: Banerjee Abhishek , Wati Sisca M. , Rahayu Retno P.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Oral cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer seen in Southeast Asia. Tobacco, betel nut, and slaked lime are the important constituents of betel quid; this is regularly consumed by the youth and elderly as their regular practice. To curb this oral cancer menace, there are numerous policies and pathways, which are adopted by government, local authorities, and institutions. Among the various policies, one of the easiest ways to reach out to masses is in form of screening camps and sessions. Oral cancer screening forms the most vital part of any dental check-up camps. Due to ignorance or lack of adequate knowledge about the deadly results of cancer, people often neglect these screening camps. This may attribute to various reasons that lead to such ignorance and failure of such free screening sessions.
Photofunctionalization of Dental Implant Surfaces - A Histomorphometric Animal Study
Authors: Paul Veena , Mathew T Aby , Rasheed Nazia , Thomas Annie Susan , George Nebu
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims:

To compare and evaluate the degree of osseointegration of UV-treated (photo functionalized) and non-treated dental implants surface coated with Calcium phosphate using the Resorbable Blast Media (RBM) technique in an animal model.

Settings and Design:

Evaluative-Animal study design.

Materials and Methods:

Six titanium dental implants of diameter 3.2 mm and length of 8 mm with Calcium phosphate coated surface using RBM or resorbable blast media technology (Implant Genesis: Genesis Normo Implant system) were placed epicrestally into the proximal femoral condyle of New Zealand white female rabbits such that each animal received two implants. Before implantation, one out of the two dental implants was photo functionalized with intense UV light for 15 minutes. After twelve weeks of healing, the animals were euthanized and the harvested specimens were analyzed using histomorphometric light microscopy to assess two parameters bone-implant contact and bone volume density.

Statistical Analysis Used:

SPSS version 23. P less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Tests used ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test.

Results:

All six dental implants were osseointegrated. The overall mean bone-implant contact area (BIC) was 57.76% for non-UV treated whereas 88.4367% for UV-treated dental implants. The overall mean bone volume density (BVD) was 32.2333% for non-UV treated whereas 67.7533% for UV-treated dental implants.

Conclusion:

Significant effects were observed on the osseointegration of dental titanium implants within twelve weeks after UV photo functionalization. The UV photo functionalization of dental titanium implants in the current study significantly altered the BIC and bone density on osseointegration when observed over twelve weeks.
To Evaluate the Antimicrobial Activity of PRP and PRF with and without Nanosilver
Authors: Zafar Adil , Tripathi Vartika , Khan Mariyam , Manglam Keshav K. , Rastogi Preeti , Almotreb Abdullah M.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of PRP and PRF with and without nanosilver.

Materials and Methods:

The materials were tested in powdered form is nanosilver. The nanosilver particles was mixed to form with PRP and PRF so as to placed in a wells followed the groups are experimental groups; Group I: PRP + nanosilver particles, Group II: PRF + nanosilver and control group: PRP and PRF and normal saline. Silver nanoparticles was tested at concentrations of 50 μ gram per mL. The powder was prepared for each group with identical amount of the powder (milligram/mg) and then mixed with 1 milliliter liquid. The plates are then incubated at 37°C under appropriate atmospheric conditions (80% N2, 10% CO2, 10% H2) for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours under anaerobic conditions in a CO2 incubator. The diameters of the zones of bacterial and fungal growth inhibition around the wells containing the test substances are then recorded after the period of incubation. The inhibitory zone determined in millimeter by measuring scale the shortest distance between the outer margin of the well and initial microbial as well as fungal growth. The experiments were performed 20 times and the mean and standard deviations of the inhibitory zones were calculated.

Result:

Platelet rich fibrin is mixed with nanosilver particles showed higher antimicrobial efficacy than platelet rich plasma with nanosilver and simple platelet rich plasma and platelet rich fibrin are equivalent when it is placed against the anaerobic bacteria E.faecalis and yeast like fungi Candida albicans, respectively.

Conclusion:

Groups presented with antimicrobial efficacy in this order- Group IV > Group II > Group III > Group I.
Evaluation of the Relationship between Body Mass Index, Dental Caries, and Diet among a Group of 6-12 Years Old School Going Children
Authors: Vardhana Bharath , Satenahalli Suma B. , Aafreen Sadia , Dhull Kanika Singh , Gupta Ekta , Kumar Amit
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

These results are from research conducted on a sample of healthy school-aged children (ages 6–12) to determine whether or not there is a correlation between BMI, dental caries, and food.

Method:

About 500 kids are a part of the study. A stature meter was used to get the tallest possible measurement, and a small electronic scale was used to get the smallest possible weight. Body mass index was determined using the standard CDC growth charts (2000). The presence of caries was evaluated using an intraoral examination guided by WHO (1997) standards. For three days in a row, including the weekend, participants recorded what they ate and drank.

Result:

It was discovered that there is a huge gap in the body mass index (BMI) categories between sexes, with the vast majority of persons falling into the average weight category. The deft and DMFT caries scores of young men and women did not significantly differ across any of the BMI-for-age categories (P > 0.05). Consumption of supplements on a daily basis did not vary significantly between the BMI-for-age categories (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Pediatric dentists should play an active role in reducing this worldwide epidemic since pediatric obesity and dental caries have comparable causes and necessitate an all-encompassing, coordinated care strategy from interdisciplinary medical teams.
Liver Clot after Periodontal Surgery: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Satpute Aishwarya Virendra , Chaturvedi Shailendra Singh , Kashyap Laxmikant , Soni Ravindra , Ghosh Sanghamitra , Bhatnagar Tarun
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Due to the primary closure of the fragile tissues, large postoperative drainage is unexpected following a periodontal medical procedure. This case study elaborately illustrates the formation of a “liver coagulation” or “currant jam clot” following a periodontal fold surgical operation. Contamination, internal damage, and the presence of foreign particles such as bone splinters or bits of dental restorative dressing can all increase the risk of an incident happening.
Knowledge of Biomedical Waste Management Amidst the Clinical Students of Dental College, Tamilnadu State, India – A Cross Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Revankar Vanita Dattatraya , Ponnusamy Chitra , Subramanian Anbarasu , Noon Assmee Mohammed , Subhashini Manoharan , Saravanaraja Mithunraja
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The objective of study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of the management of biological waste (BMW) among undergraduate students of Dental College, Tamilnadu state.

Materials and Methods:

Among the students of Dental College in Tamilnadu state, India, a cross-sectional observational research was conducted. A pre-designed questionnaire was distributed to the students. Their expertise and awareness of managing biomedical waste were the variables that were investigated.

Results:

One hundred and eighty students were participated. The male to female ratio was 1:2, and the average age of responders was 19.76 ± 1.03 years. When it comes to information concerning the management of biomedical waste, an average of 60.33% were correct and 39.57% were incorrect. For their knowledge of the same, 81.35% were correct and 18.65% were incorrect.

Conclusion:

The findings indicated that students had a high degree of knowledge and understanding regarding the management of biomedical waste.
Efficiently Guiding K-Robots Along Pathways with Minimal Turns
Authors: Hoorfar Hamid , Taheri Nedasadat , Kosarirad Houman , Bagheri Alireza
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: This paper addresses the navigation of a team of k protector robots within pathways, focusing on minimizing the total number of turns. These robots utilize orthogonal routes known as watchman routes, which prioritize finding the shortest path while maintaining visibility of all points in the environment from at least one robot on its designated route. The main objective of this research is to optimize robot navigation by reducing the overall number of turns.OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study is to develop a linear-time algorithm that efficiently processes and determines routes for k robots within a specified area. By minimizing the number of turns, this algorithm aims to enhance the navigation capabilities of watchman robots, enabling them to effectively traverse complex environments.METHODS: This research employs techniques derived from computational geometry to investigate the navigation of protector robots. The focus is on developing an algorithm that can efficiently process and determine the optimal routes for the robots, considering factors such as visibility and shortest path length. The algorithm is designed to minimize the number of turns while ensuring efficient coverage of the environment.RESULTS: The main results of this paper include the development of a linear-time algorithm for determining routes for a team of k protector robots. The algorithm efficiently processes the input data and produces separate routes for each robot. By minimizing the number of turns, the algorithm improves the overall navigation efficiency of the robots. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm in optimizing robot paths and reducing the complexity of navigation in real-world scenarios.CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this research contributes to the field of robotic systems by addressing the navigation challenges faced by a team of protector robots. The introduced linear-time algorithm optimizes the routes for k robots, aiming to minimize the total number of turns. The outcomes of this study have significant implications for the advancement of watchman robots, enhancing their coverage and surveillance capabilities in real-world applications. The algorithm’s efficiency and effectiveness in minimizing turns open new opportunities for developing efficient navigation strategies in complex environments.
A survey on graph neural networks
Authors: Wang Jing
Published: July 2023

In recent years, we have witnessed the developments that deep learning has brought to machine learning. It has solved many
problems in the areas of computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, and various other tasks with state
of-the-art performance. However, the data in these tasks is typically represented in Euclidean space. As technology develops,
more and more applications are generating data from non-Euclidean domains and representing them as graphs with complex
relationships and interdependencies between objects. This poses a significant challenge to deep learning algorithms. This is
because, due to the uniqueness of graphs, applying deep learning to the ubiquitous graph data is not an easy task. To solve
the problem in non-Euclidean domains, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged. A Graph Neural Network (GNN)
is a neural model that captures dependencies between graphs by passing messages between graph nodes. This paper
introduces commonly used graph neural networks, their learning methods, and common datasets for graph neural networks.
It also provides an outlook on the future of Graph Neural Networks.
Eigenvalues of the Kohn Laplacian and deformations of pseudohermitian structures on CR manifolds
Authors: Aribi Amine , Son Duong Ngoc
Published: July 2023

We study the eigenvalues of the Kohn Laplacian on a closed embedded strictly pseudoconvex CR manifold as functionals on the set of positive oriented pseudohermitian structures

\mathcal{P}_+

. We show that the functionals are continuous with respect to a natural topology on

\mathcal{P}_+

. Using an adaptation of the standard Kato–Rellich perturbation theory, we prove that the functionals are (one-sided) differentiable along 1-parameter analytic deformations. We use this differentiability to define the notion of critical pseudohermitian structures, in a generalized sense, for them. We give a necessary (also sufficient in some situations) condition for a pseudohermitian structure to be critical. Finally, we present explicit examples of critical pseudohermitian structures on both homogeneous and non-homogeneous CR manifolds.
A reverse Ozawa–Rogers estimate
Authors: Huang Yi C.
Published: July 2023

We provide a reverse bilinear estimate for the one-dimensional Klein–Gordon equation that complements a result of Ozawa and Rogers. The proof relies on the cosine formula for frequency vectors adapted to the Klein–Gordon equation.
Photovoltaic Charging Dock for Electric Mobility with G2V and V2G Technology
Authors: Zahira R. , Hussain M.I. Izzath , Suresh S. , Bharanigha V. , Pramila V.
Published: July 2023

Over the past few decades, consumers have become more and more interested in electric automobiles. As a result, there is an increase in demand for ecologically friendly and more effective charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs). The energy required to charge an EV comes from fossil fuels, despite the fact that EVs are promoted as CO2 emission-free alternative. There have been initiatives to enhance the effectiveness and ecology of solar-powered electric vehicle charging infrastructure. This paper describes the use of a photovoltaic charging station with G2V and V2G solutions for EVs. The proposed model is developed and implemented using MATLAB/Simulink. There are various input parameters and the results are determined.
Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Composites on Epoxy Resin with Sisal Fiber, Carbon Fiber and Silicon Carbide
Authors: Gurusamy P. , Sundeep S. , Karthick S. Sangili Guru , Manibaskar J. , Karthick C. Arun , Nishant V.
Published: July 2023

Composite materials offer huge upgrades over current accessible materials for various primary applications because of their fantastic mechanical qualities and moderately low thickness. Carbon filaments are most broadly utilized in vehicle, aviation, military and transportation of oil, gas and water applications. The specimen is prepared with varying stacking sequences (i.e., Carbon-Sisal- Carbon-Sisal [CSCS], Carbon-Sisal-Sisal-Carbon [CSSC] and Sisal-Carbon-Carbon- Sisal [SCCS]) and Carbon, Carbon, Carbon, Carbon (CCCC) and four carbon weight fraction (i.e., 2%, 4%, 6% and 8 %) with 2% of SiC. At the point when composites are used in water, oil and gas transportation, the lines are encountering high disintegration and burden. To learn about the impact of disintegration and burden, the malleable, flexural, influence, twofold shear and wear test are completed to comprehend the disintegration and conveying attributes of industrial applications. In this undertaking, the mechanical properties of composites on epoxy resin with sisal and carbon fiber have been considered. The result shows that the mechanical properties of carbon based samples shows that the better result as compared with other samples.
Tensile Test on Friction Stir Welded AZ31B and AZ91B Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Yugandhar M. , Naik B. Devaraj , Kammar Prabhakar
Published: July 2023

Rare earth materials containing magnesium alloy AZ91B and AZ31B is finding widespread use in the automotive, aerospace and military industries due to its greater strength-to-weight ratio and formability. Magnesium is typically regarded as difficult to fuse together through material fusion procedures due to flaws found in welding inclusions, porosity and welded junction distortions. Friction stir welding solid state joining procedure is used for Mg joining alloys successfully. The process variables influencing the combined characteristics of weldments include tool pin geometry, downward axial force, tool welding speed (rpm). In the current research, five distinct tool types were used to create friction stir weldment geometries. There were 18 trials overall with 3 components and 8 stages run in accordance with the primary composite design matrix. The information produced by a mathematical model through response surface approach was sufficient for the developed ANOVA was used to verify the model. Large interaction between welding parameters and tensile strength graphs are utilised to depict its behaviour. It was discovered that the cylindrical straight pin has the greatest tensile qualities. The mathematical model is beneficial for adjusting the tensile strength forecast to enhance the weld quality by choosing suitable process parameters for AZ31B and AZ91B welded magnesium alloys.
Increasing Food Safety Preparedness of Small and Emerging Food Businesses with Targeted Food Safety Training
Authors: Kinchla Amanda
Published: July 2023

There is strong consumer demand for local, value- added food products; however, these smaller scale food manufacturing operations tend to face more challenges in understanding and complying with food safety regulations, specifically, the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) Preventive Controls for Human Food (PCHF) rule. An eight- module educational program was developed to introduce food safety throughout the product development life cycle and included concepts related to the FSMA PCHF rule. The program was offered in person (n = 2) and virtually (n = 6) to 143 participants in total, who were mostly early-stage food developers. Most (74%, n = 90) had little to no prior food safety-related training and experience. The majority (93%, n = 90) agreed they will apply the knowledge and skills learned in the course to food applications, such as developing food safety plans, label review, and good manufacturing practices. Self-rated level understanding for each module ranged from 4.4 to 4.6 on a 5-point Likert scale. Overall, participants felt better prepared to conduct various food safety activities after taking the course, supporting the need for non-mandatory training opportunities to enhance FSMA PCHF regulatory compliance. These types of training may be important for small-scale operations to improve the learning outcome and regulatory compliance.
Produce Safety Alliance Training: Long-Term Behavioral Change Study in the North Central Region
Authors: Enderton Arlene
Published: July 2023

Starting in 2016, the Produce Safety Alliance (PSA) Grower Training has been offered as the only Food and Drug Administration–approved course to meet the Food Safety Modernization Act Produce Safety Rule educational requirements for produce growers. This study interviewed farmers four to six years after training to measure changes made. Other studies have measured change one year after training. The most common types of changes this study’s participants made were in the areas of health and hygiene and preventing cross-contamination. These changes did not differ by farm size. The authors expected farmers would have made more difficult changes, given the greater amount of time between taking the training and the study. However, the greatest barriers to making food safety changes—limited time, money, and labor availability—persisted for study participants. This study also found that human capital was the most effective resource that helped farms make food safety changes. Recommendations based on the study include prioritizing states' federally funded Cooperative Agreement Program *Author for correspondence: Phone: +1 319.559.2193; Email: arlene@iastate.edu (CAP) funds to pay for staff, taking advantage of the three ways to offer the PSA Grower Training, and investing in ways to help overcome the main barriers that growers identified: time, money, and labor constraints.
Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates from Agricultural Water on Kansas and Missouri Fresh Produce Farms by Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors:   Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, 216 Call Hall, Manhattan, KS 66503, USA, Trinetta Valentina
Published: July 2023

Contaminated agricultural water has been a source of pathogenic Escherichia coli in recent produce-related outbreaks. The purpose of this study was to characterize E. coli isolates from agricultural water sources by using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to better understand contamination routes. Groundwater and surface water samples were collected quarterly from five farms in Missouri and Kansas over a 1-year period. Samples were tested for generic E. coli by using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1603, and presumptive E. coli colonies were isolated. In total, 570 isolates were analyzed by PCR, with 191 of these isolates confirmed as E. coli. WGS was completed using an Illumina MiSeq system. The de novo genome assemblies were obtained with Shovill pipeline version 0.9. The NCBI Pathogen Detection system was used to identify antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. The prevalence of E. coli was higher during spring and summer than winter. A diverse serotype pool was observed where more than 53% of isolates could be linked to a bovine source as the potential animal host. An AMR analysis showed that 100% of isolates carried at least two antimicrobial resistance genes. Recognizing the diversity of E. coli may help guide agricultural water assessments as proposed in the new agricultural water rule Food Safety Modernization Act Produce Safety Rule.
Nugget daging kelinci sebagai alternatif protein hewani masyarakat Sekitar Cagar Alam Pegunungan Arfak
Authors: Manik Hotlan , Sitanggang Fransiska R. V. , Pattiselanno Freddy , Palulungan John Arnold , Baaka Alnita , Tethool Angelina N. , Saragih Evi W. , Noviyanti Noviyanti , Inriani Noveling , Junaidi Muhammad , Lekitoo Merlyn N.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT 
Sigim and Sinaytousi Village communities are indigenous Papuans who live in buffer zones adjacent to Arfak Mountains Nature Reserve (CAPA). People with low of education, especially the economy, encourage community members close to the CAPA area to exploit forests to obtain animal food through poaching. Efforts to solve the problem using participative sociocultural approaches with transfer methods of science and technology, in the form of training and assistance in the production and processing of rabbit as an alternative animal protein. (2) Group partners have been able to implement a good rabbit breeding system through increased management and population capability through natural breeding systems, (3) nugget products rabbit meat has been accepted by the villagers. The activity is expected to be able to socialize the group's partners to the village area around the buffer area of arfak mountain nature reserve. 
Keywords: Meat; Nuggets; Protein; Rabbit
 
ABSTRAK
Masyarakat Kampung Sigim dan Sinaytousi merupakan suku asli Papua yang mendiami daerah penyangga yang berbatasan langsung dengan kawasan Cagar Alam Pegunungan Arfak (CAPA). Masyarakat dengan tingkat pendidikan yang rendah terutama ekonomi sehingga mendorong anggota masyarakat yang berdekatan dengan areal CAPA untuk mengeksploitasi hutan untuk mendapatkan pangan hewani melalui perburuan liar. Upaya pemecahan masalah tersebut menggunakan pendekatan sosiokultural partisipatif dengan metode transfer ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam produksi dan pengolahan hasil ternak kelinci sebagai alternatif protein hewani. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan tersebut diantaranya adalah (1) Mitra kelompok telah mampu memproduksi nugget daging kelinci secara mandiri (2) Mitra kelompok telah mampu menerapkan sistim beternak kelinci yang baik melaui peningkatan kemampuan manajemen dan populasi melalui sistim perkawinan alami, (3) Produk nugget daging kelinci telah diterima oleh masyarakat kampung. Kegiatan diharapkan mampu disosialisasikan mitra kelompok ke daerah kampung sekitar kawasan penyangga cagar alam pegunungan arfak.
Kata kunci: Daging; Kelinci; Nugget; Protein
Pengembangan industri pengolahan sagu skala rumah tangga di Kabupaten Teluk Wondama Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Darma Darma , Reniana Reniana , Santoso Budi , Mangallo Bertha
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT 
Development of small scale of sago processing based on community in West Papua Province has a bright prospect because it is supported by abundant sago palm resources as row material. Teluk Wondama is one of the regency in West Papua Province which has high potential of sago, unfortunately the potency have not utilized optimally. The ovjective of this program was to develop home industry sago processing in Distric Rasiei, Teluk Wondama Regency by application of mechanical sago processing machines. The methods used were introducing mechanical sago processing equipment followed by partner training and assistance to operate the machines for sago starch production. The results had been achieved from this program were (1) partner have new asset i.e. a set of sago processing equipment which consists of sago rasping machine variant-01 and stirrer rotary blade type of sago starch extraction machine, as well as supporting components such as starch sedimentation tank and water pump (2) partner have already changed their method in sago processing, from traditional method to mechanical one, (3) partner were able to operate the machine easily without any difficulties. During training and assistance, the machine was work properly and there was no technical constrains (4) fresh sago starch production capacity increase from 352 kg/week to 2.112 kg/week.
Keywords: Home industry; Sago processing machine; Sago rasping machine; Teluk wondama
 
ABSTRAK
Papua Barat memiliki prospek yang cerah karena didukung bahan baku yang melimpah berupa sumberdaya sagu. Teluk Wondama merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Papua barat dengan potensi sagu yang tinggi namun belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk mengembangkan pengolahan sagu skala industri rumah tangga melalui penerapan mesin pengolahan mekanis di Distrik Rasiei, Kabupaten Teluk Wondama. Metode yang digunakan adalah mengintroduksi peralatan pengolahan sagu mekanis diikuti dengan pelatihan dan pendampingan mitra dalam pengoperasian mesin untuk produksi sagu. Hasil yang dicapai adalah (1) mitra memiliki asset baru berupa 1 paket mesin pengolahan sagu yang terdiri dari mesin parut sagu tipe silinder variant-01 dan mesin ekstraksi pati sagu tipe stirrer rotary blade beserta bagian pendukung berupa bak pengendapan pati dan pompa air, (2) mitra telah merubah metode pengolahan sagu dari cara tradisional ke mekanis, (3) mitra telah terampil mengoperasikan mesin-mesin pengolahan yang diintroduksi dan selama kegiatan berlangsung mesin berfungsi dengan baik tanpa kendala teknis, (4) kapasitas produksi pati sagu meningkat dari 352 kg/minggu menjadi 2.112 kg/minggu.
Kata kunci: Industri rumah tangga; Mesin pengolahan sagu; Pemarut sagu; Teluk wondama
Ideological Anxieties and Defense Mechanisms in the Tragic Works of Shakespeare and Ferdowsi
Authors: Asadi Amjad Fazel , Mazloumian Saeede
Published: July 2023

At the time of subversion and containment, the power structure applies various strategies for its survival. It manages ideological anxieties and employs defense mechanisms to contain dissident forces. Tragic works have the potential to display tensions in the power structure, its ideological anxieties of subversive forces and appliance of various strategies to survive. By comparing classical tragic works, it is possible to reach a comparative schema of the monarchist power structure. Hence, the tragic works of two national writers, Shakespeare and Ferdowsi, from two cultures with monarchist power structures and similarities in story themes have been selected. This paper has aimed to compare ideological anxieties and defense mechanisms in William Shakespeare’s plays Macbeth, King Lear, and Othello with their counterparts in the tragic stories in Abol Qasem Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, “Zahhak the Snake Holder”, “Fereydoun and His Sons” and “Siavash”. The tragic works of Ferdowsi and Shakespeare provide an exceptional opportunity to observe the operation of power; how power restrains subversion in cultural narratives and displays it to prevent its realization in reality. In addition, by displaying the subcultures, these works surpass the existing level of awareness, which is beyond the dominant culture and the subcultures. By examining cultural narratives of the Persian and the British literatures, this research has achieved a trans-cultural awareness.
Examining the Impact of COVID-19 on the Banking Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: As-Salafiyah Aisyah , Rusydiana Aam Slamet
Published: July 2023

The impact of COVID-19 on the banking industry has had a significant effect. This study tries to map the development of research published in this field. The research was conducted using VOSViewer software. The data analyzed in the form of scientific research related to the impact of COVID-19 on the banking industry totaling 28 articles indexed by the Scopus database. The results show that the number of research publications on the impact of COVID-19 on the banking industry is quite large. The network visualization shows that the map of developing research on the impact of COVID-19 on the banking industry is divided into several clusters with the most popular keywords, namely COVID-19, banking and viral disease. The top authors are Strongbayefa A, Akhmetov Y, Mohan T and Baskaran A, the top agencies are the Technical Expert Group on Sustainable Finance, Brussels and the Department of Accounting Finance, Rennes School of Business. The most popular countries are India, Canada and Saudi Arabia. Besides, it was found that research on the impact of COVID-19 on the banking industry was felt recently due to credit and non-performing loans which then had implications for restructuring policies. In the end, conventional banking is more affected by COVID-19 than Islamic banking in terms of its problematic financing ratio.
Keywords: Banking Industry, Covid-19, Bibliometrics
JEL Classification: G21, O16.