bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inégalités et domination: une nouvelle complication démocratique
Authors: Savidan Patrick
Published: December 2021

Au cours de ces dernières années, il a été beaucoup question de la remarquable capacité des plus riches à faire face à la crise. Dans un contexte économique et financier très dégradé, avec une augmentation de la précarité et des inégalités qu’il n’est pas besoin de documenter tant le phénomène est de notoriété publique, les plus riches ont vu leur nombre croître et leurs fortunes s’étendre. Le classement Forbes des fortunes indiquait ainsi que le nombre total des milliardaires avait franchi un seuil historique en 2011, alors que dans la plupart des pays développés la croissance était encore en berne.
CULTURAL AND CIVILIZATIONAL INTERACTIONS IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD: HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS THEORY
Authors:   Institute of Social and Political Psychology of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine, Danylovа T. V. , Budegay V.A.
Published: December 2021

An essential feature of the contemporary globalized world is the emergence and active development of a network of interactions between the representatives of the different cultural and civilizational communities that was not typical during the previous historical epochs. Under these conditions, there is a process of restructuring of every culture, every civilization system. If earlier the processes of civilizational and cultural renewal had lasted for centuries and millennia, today they have been taking place over years and decades. Nowadays, there is a conglomeration of cultural-civilizational communities that are different in history, traditions, languages, and religions. They develop, interact and mutually influence each other through cultural and civilizational dialogue. These relatively independent societies have to coexist within common information space, in which intercultural and intercivilizational communication is an important factor in regulating both internal life and relations between countries. G. Hofstede made a great contribution to the development of cultural dimensions theory. The works of G. Hofstede gave rise to an influential research tradition in the field of intercultural interactions. They are actively used by the researchers and consultants in the field of international business and communication. They continue to be a major resource in intercultural research and inspire the study of both cultural values and other aspects of culture. The article aims to highlight Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. The author used an anthropological integrative approach, comparative analysis and interpretive research paradigm.
FORMATION OF HUMANISTIC IDEAS IN UKRAINIAN PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT
Authors:   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko, Zlenko N. , Mnozhynska R. ,   Kyiv National University of Technology and Design, Lysenko S. ,   Prydniprovska State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports
Published: December 2021

The urgency of the research topic is necessity to understand the idea of humanism in Ukraine from its formation to development in new cultural and historical conditions. The purpose of the article is to study the formation and development of humanistic ideas in Ukrainian philosophical thought in the historical aspect. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: historical – to study the stages of development of humanistic ideas, analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, generalization and systematization – to formulate intermediate and final conclusions. The article highlights the meaning of the concept of "humanism". The preconditions for the formation of ideas of humanism are determined. It was found that the idea of humanism was preceded by the first moral rule of coexistence, which later in the history of philosophy was called talion. The main formation stages of humanistic ideas in the Ukrainian philosophical thought (the first – XIV-XVI centuries; the second – the second half of the XVI – the beginning of the XVII century; the third – the second half of the XVII century; the fourth – the second half of the XVII – the beginning of the XVIII century; fifth – XIX century, sixth – XX century, seventh – XXI century). Distinctive features of the humanistic ideas from talion and the "golden rule of morality" have been formed. Prospects for further scientific research in this area are seen in the study of the mechanisms of restoration of humanistic ideals in such social institutions as the family and school.
THE CONCEPT OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP AS CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF MANAGEMENT
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine, Kychkyruk T. , Salata H. ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts
Published: December 2021

The modern world needs a new type of leader who develops a vision of the future for his / her followers and encourages them to be ready for it. These leaders ensure changes, they are not focused that much on the behavior of their followers / subordinates and on controlling their behavior. On the contrary, they are focused on the development of initiative and support becoming the servants of those they have to lead. The concept of servant l eadership is derived from the ideas of Robert K. Greenleaf. As R. Greenleaf states, it all starts with a natural urge – the desire to serve. The motto of this thought is "A good leader is primarily a servant". The task of the leader is to achieve common goals by ensuring the well-being of followers and subordinates. Servant leadership is an attempt to become better, to become the person others would gladly follow. Such an idealistic vision of a leader as a servant is fruitful and is paid off even in a very competitive business world. A servant leader builds an organized and creative team, and this type of leadership involves the development of organizational culture which demonstrates a high level of trust. Being a servant leader means to help people overcome obstacles and get the tools and resources they need to perform better; to be an example; to facilitate the work of others; to be willing to do what others do. This model of leadership implies a "flattening" of hierarchies: a boss is a friend who listens to those who are with him/her rather than a person who decides what is best for them. This type of leadership has the powerful potential in today’s globalized world. The article aims to analyze the concept of servant leadership. The authors have used an interpretive research paradigm and multidisciplinary analysis.
حكم الأطعمة المعدلة بتقنية النانو تكنولوجي
Authors: محمد محفوظ مطلق رجاء
Published: December 2021

تتناول هذه الدراسة الأطعمة المعالجة بتقنية النانو تكنولوجي، التي تعدُّ من النوازل المفتقرة إلى بيان موقف الشريعة الإسلامية، وهي الأطعمة التي تم التحكم في ترتيب الذرات والجزيئات النانومترية، المكوّنة بواسطة تقنية النانو تكنولوجي؛ للحصول على أطعمة حديثة بمواصفات محددة، وقد اعتمدت الباحثة في هذه الدراسة على المنهج الاستقرائي، والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي؛ بهدف إعداد دراسة فقهية تصاغ فيها الأحكام الفقهية لكل حادثة مخصوصة في نازلة الأطعمة بتقنية النانو وفقاً لأصول الشريعة العامة، ومقاصده وقواعده الكلية، وضوابطه الجامعة، مما يسهم في رفع الحرج وجلب المصالح المعتبرة، ودفع المفاسد، ويحقق الغايات السامية للشريعة الإسلامية. وانتهت الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمها: إن الأطعمة المعدلة النانو تكنولوجي لم تعد أطعمة طبيعية بسبب تغير حقيقتها الفطرية، فهي دخيلة على سلسلة الأطعمة الطبيعية، وبسبب هذه المفارقة لا يتسع للفقيه أن يجري كافة أحكام الأطعمة الشرعية عليها، وأن تعاطي الأطعمة المعدلة بالنانو تكنولوجي بوصفها غذاء أو دواء، يتوقف على النظر الفقهي في حجم المنافع والمفاسد التي تؤول إليها هذه الأطعمة، وفق ميزان الشرع، من باب سد الذرائع، وأن الدفع أولى من الرفع.
Średniowieczne oraz nowożytne kroniki polskie; wykorzystanie innych materiałów źródłowych w narracji "Kroniki" Stefana Ranatowicza CRL (1617–1694)
Authors: Pęgier Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

"Kronika" Stefana Ranatowicza CRL jest siedemnastowieczną historią zgromadzenia kanoników regularnych laterańskich kongregacji Bożego Ciała na Kazimierzu w Krakowie. Praca ta, oprócz żywotów kolejnych prepozytów klasztoru oraz historii zakonu zawiera również wiele notat rocznikarskich dotyczących ważnych wydarzeń historycznych, kulturalnych i społecznych traktujących głównie o wydarzeniach w Małopolsce, ale również odnoszących się do ważnych procesów i faktów ogólnopolskich. Jest to cenne źródło historyczne, szczególnie dla badaczy XVII w. Ranatowicz w swej Kronice opiera się bardzo często na różnorodnym materiale źródłowym, odwołuje się w swej relacji niejednokrotnie do średniowiecznych i nowożytnych kronik polskich, z których najbardziej wydawał się cenić dzieje Polski autorstwa Jana Długosza. Narracja Ranatowicza jest to już dziejopisarstwo nowożytne, oparte na selekcji materiału i krytyce źródła. Praca jest skonstruowana w sposób przemyślany i obfituje w wiele faktów chętnie wykorzystywanych w późniejszych latach przez innych historyków.
The Opposite of Custom
Authors: Bruno M. Christina
Published: December 2021

Fifteenth-century Italian urban and ecclesiastical authorities sought to regulate the laity’s conspicuous consumption of dress, sometimes resulting in canon law petitions for exemption on the grounds of custom. By exploiting an ambivalent definition of custom according to status, wealthy men and especially women successfully sidestepped regulation. Critics of luxury such as the Franciscan Observants, who encountered similar arguments in confession, countered this permissive understanding of custom with alternate criteria for determining proper dress tied to the morality of the economic behavior that made luxurious dress possible. Overlapping definitions of custom drawn from canon law and moral theology thus provided both fashionable people and their confessors a way to negotiate and contest their status.
OPTIMALISASI PELAYANAN DI UPT PERPUSTAKAAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MATARAM
Authors: Munawir Abdul , Iskandar Iskandar , Ardyawin Iwin
Published: December 2021

Perpustakaan perguruan tinggi sebagai salah satu sumber ilmu pengetahuan yang memiliki peran besar bagi kebutuhan penggunanya khususnya mahasiswa untuk menyelesaikan studinya di suatu perguruan tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perpustakaan pada suatu perguruan tinggi mempunyai fungsi sebagai sumber pendidikan yang menyangkut fungsi edukasi, fungsi informasi, fungsi riset, fungsi, fungsi rekreasi, fungsi publikasi, artinya perpustakaan perguruan tinggi merupakan salah satu sarana informasi yang memiliki fungsi sebagai jembatan ilmu bagi seluruh komponen masyarakat perguruan tinggi terutama bagi mahasiswa yang sedang dalam proses menyelesaikan studinya. Sehingga perlu adanya pengoptimalan kegiatan pelayyanan perpustakaan pada UPT Perpustakaan Univeristas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan cara terjun lamgsung dalam melakukan pengoptimalan pelayanan perpustakaan di UPT Perpustakaan Universitas Muhammadiah Mataram. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah pengoptimalan kegiatan pelayanan dalam bidang teknis agar kemudahan dalam temu Kembali informasi dan pengoptimalan layanan informasi kepada sulurh mahasiswa Univeristas Muhammadiyah Mataram.
Humidity Effect on the Simulation Accuracy of Solar Vortex Engine Performance
Authors: Tukkee Ali M. , Al-Kayiem Hussain H. , Gilani Syed I.U.
Published: December 2021

In this study, a validated computational simulation is presented to investigate the effect of humidity on the performance prediction of the solar vortex engine system. Data from an experimental model are used to validate the CFD simulation. Three humidity cases are considered: dry air, 40% and 80% humid air. An expansion process with heat addition is taking place inside the vortex generator. When the vortex field continues outside the system, a compression process with heat rejection occurs, eventually bringing the air vortex to be thermal and mechanical equilibrium with the surrounding atmosphere. The change in total energy and the heat transfer rate for both processes, inside the vortex generator and outside the vortex generator, increase with increased humidity in the working fluid. The humidity increases the energy required by the system to generate and maintain the air vortex. Compared to the dry air, the pressure drop at the center of the vortex field decreases by (2-5%) and (4-9%) for the 40% and 80% humid air, respectively. Reduced pressure drop decreases the stability of the air vortex when it is in contact with the atmosphere. The intensity of the air vortex is not affected by the increase in humidity.
Advances in 3D Printing for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Menon Ankitha , Khan Abdullah , Balakrishnan Neethu T.M. , Raghavan Prasanth , Leon y Leon Carlos A. , Khan Haris Ali , Fatima M.J. Jabeen , Owuor Peter Samora
Published: December 2021

In the current scenario, energy generation is relied on the portable gadgets with more efficiency paving a way for new versatile and smart techniques for device fabrication. 3D printing is one of the most adaptable fabrication techniques based on designed architecture. The fabrication of 3D printed energy storage devices minimizes the manual labor enhancing the perfection of fabrication and reducing the risk of hazards. The perfection in fabrication technique enhances the performance of the device. The idea has been built upon by industry as well as academic research to print a variety of battery components such as cathode, anode, separator, etc. The main attraction of 3D printing is its cost-efficiency. There are tremendous savings in not having to manufacture battery cells separately and then assemble them into modules. This review highlights recent and important advances made in 3D printing of energy storage devices. The present review explains the common 3D printing techniques that have been used for the printing of electrode materials, separators, battery casings, etc. Also highlights the challenges present in the technique during the energy storage device fabrication in order to overcome the same to develop the process of 3D printing of the batteries to have comparable performance to, or even better performance than, conventional batteries.
Exploration of the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak on women’s access to family planning services in Port Said and Souhag governorates [Arabic]
Authors:   Evidence Project
Published: December 2021

This brief summarizes findings from the Evidence Project, led by the Population Council and funded by the U. S. Agency for International Development (USAID), from a survey conducted with 241 young men and women aged 18–34 in Egypt who had been receiving COVID-19 information via WhatsApp. The survey measured their COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices.
Emma Dowling: The Care Crisis: What Caused It and How Can We End It?
Authors: Butková Tereza
Published: December 2021

What is care and who is paying for it?

Valuing care and care work does not simply mean attributing care work more monetary value. To really achieve change, we must go so much further.As the world becomes seemingly more uncaring, the calls for people to be more compassionate and empathetic towards one another—in short, to care more—become ever-more vocal. The Care Crisis challenges the idea that people ever stopped caring, but also that the deep and multi-faceted crises of our time will be solved by simply (re)instilling the virtues of empathy. There is no easy fix.In this groundbreaking book, Emma Dowling charts the multi-faceted nature of care in the modern world, from the mantras of self-care and what they tell us about our anxieties, to the state of the social care system. She examines the relations of power that play profitability and care off in against one another in a myriad of ways, exposing the devastating impact of financialisation and austerity.The Care Crisis enquires into the ways in which the continued off-loading of the cost of care onto the shoulders of underpaid and unpaid realms of society, untangling how this off-loading combines with commodification, marketisation and financialisation to produce the mess we are living in. The Care Crisis charts the current experiments in short-term fixes to the care crisis that are taking place within Britain, with austerity as the backdrop. It maps the economy of abandonment, raising the question: to whom care is afforded? What would it mean to seriously value care?
Kompetensi Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Mahmud Razali , Legiman Legiman
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out the strategies, barriers, and solutions for improving English language competence for PAI students from the Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty of IAIN Langsa. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were 12 PAI Study Program students and 3 lecturers who taught English courses at PAI Study Program. The instruments used are interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by data triangulation. The results of the research are (1) Strategies to increase English competence in PAI students by applying various learning strategies to mastering the four English competencies, namely reading, speaking, writing, listening continuously, (2) As for the obstacles in improving English competence in PAI students of the FTIK IAIN Langsa faculty, namely the low English competence of students so that in the process of learning English, they are not so serious and focus on learning. and Learning facilities such as audio-visual are still very limited. The time and number of credits provided is still inadequate in the expected learning process. (3) The solution is that PAI students need to change their main set or their views in studying English courses. They must foster a sense of love and confidence in following the English learning process, from the lecturers, it is hoped that in the learning process they can apply various methods or strategies in order to apply the new strategies found. The faculty is expected to increase the quantity of learning facilities such as audio-visual and others so that the learning process is not constrained or hampered.
Sakarya İlinin Depreme Duyarli Bölgelerinde CBS Tabanlı Hasar Tahmini
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Hüseyin , HOSSIN Azalden
Published: December 2021

Afet sonrasında insanların doğru bilgilere ulaşabileceği ve toplanabileceği güvenli alanlara yönlendirilmeleri ve barınma ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması müdahale ve iyileştirme planlamasının en önemli konularından birisidir. Bu alanların afet öncesi belirlenmesi ve planlanması, asgari standartların sağlanması, değişen ihtiyaçlara uygun biçimde tasarlanması, afetzedelerin insanca yaşamalarına katkı sağlayacaktır. Çalışmada Sakarya ilinin deprem bakımından riskli 16 ilçesinde 17 Ağustos 1999 Marmara Depremi eşşiddet haritası kullanılarak deprem senaryosu hazırlanmıştır. Senaryo sonucunda hasar görebilecek bina sayısı, etkilenecek kişi sayısı ve ihtiyaç duyulacak çadır sayısı belirlenmiştir. Bölgeye ait harita ve analizler CBS (Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi) yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın deprem öncesi alınacak tedbirlerde bölgeye fayda sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır.
La ricerca-azione e i suoi contributi alla scienza metodologica: aspetti generali
Authors: Dendasck Carla Viana
Published: December 2021

A causa dell’aumento della popolarità e della possibilità di utilizzare la ricerca-azione, lo strumento ha iniziato a essere utilizzato in modo significativo, ma con un concetto non ancora consolidato, il termine è stato applicato in modo astratto, senza interpretazioni profonde e dettagliate dell’uso in vari contesti. Si intende chiarire in tutto questo articolo il significato del termine, e come questo tipo di strumento possa essere applicato nel migliore dei modi, agendo nell’ambito del rigore scientifico-metodologico. Il problema della ricerca è: quali sono le possibilità di utilizzare la ricerca-azione, le sue fasi e le cure fondamentali? La rilevanza dello strumento sta nel fatto che consente lo svolgimento di una ricerca in modo sistematizzato, continuo ed empiricamente basato. Pertanto, verrà discusso il ruolo della teoria nella ricerca d’azione e verranno evidenziate le caratteristiche inerenti alle sue fasi fondamentali. Dovrebbero essere considerate alcune domande comuni relative al metodo, come la partecipazione del ricercatore, la funzione sociale di riflessione, la necessità di gestire le conoscenze acquisite e l’etica nella ricerca. Infine, vengono presentati alcuni “modelli” di ricerca-azione che possono contribuire ai ricercatori nella scelta metodologica e nell’organizzazione.
СУТНІСТЬ ТА РОЛЬ РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В СУЧАСНИХ РЕАЛІЯХ
Authors: Волошина-Сідей Вікторія , Новак Катерина , Яковенко Анастасія
Published: December 2021

У статті проаналізовано сучасне становище підприємств та визначено напрям розвитку сфери інновацій в Україні, встановлено, що для розвитку інноваційної діяльності необхідна сприятлива інфраструктура, де технології могли б не тільки зароджуватись, а й отримувати подальший розвиток. Нами було розглянуто основні фактори, що гальмують прискорення інноваційного розвитку вітчизняних підприємств. Інновації визначені як ключовий елемент у забезпеченні успіху та стійкості підприємства. Досліджено сутність та види інноваційної діяльності в науковій літературі. У результаті аналізу виявлено основні характеристики сучасного рівня розвитку інноваційної діяльності країни. Проаналізовано стан інноваційної діяльності українських підприємств та запропоновано заходи щодо його покращення з урахуванням викликів сьогодення.
Cobertura do citopatológico de colo uterino em um município paranaense: impacto da pandemia Sars-Cov-2
Authors: Borba Nascimento Marcieli , Baratieri Tatiane , Cristina Bordelack Ellen , Cunha Paris Matheus
Published: December 2021

A pesquisa buscou analisar a cobertura da prevenção do câncer cérvico-uterino em um município do Paraná. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, descritivo, retrospectivo, abordagem quantitativa com dados de fonte secundária, entre 2016-2020, ao concernente faixa etária, adequabilidade e amostras alteradas, motivo e periodicidade. Após o levantamento destes dados, as informações foram tabuladas e em tabelas no Excel 2013, por frequência absoluta e relativa, cálculo da taxa de cobertura e análise descritiva destes dados. Houve captação de 143.936 citopatológicos de colo uterino em no município no quinquênio analisado, 140.302, estavam na faixa etária de 25-64 anos. A maior taxa de cobertura em rastreamento para a idade preconizada foi observada em 2017 (75%), com decréscimo em 2020. O município em estudo não conseguiu alcançar indicadores de cobertura do rastreamento de câncer de colo do útero na idade preconizada, sugerindo falhas na captação ou no rastreamento oportuno, necessitando de novas estratégias de rastreamento, bem como aprimoramento das já existentes, como busca ativa, divulgação da oferta de coleta todos os meses do ano, acompanhamento de gestantes e a captação para realização do citopatológico e a vacinação de adolescentes e jovens adultos contra o HPV.
Putra Acute Stroke protocol
Authors: Muda Ahmad Sobri , Kamis Mohd Fandi Al Khafiz , Mohd Yaakob Mohd Naim , Abdul Rahim Ezamin , Mahmood Mohamad Khairi , Md Noh Mohamad Syafeeq Faeez , Arshad Nabila Hanem , Abu Hassan Hasyma
Published: December 2021

Putra Acute Stroke protocol
Disability at the Intersections: Expanding Critical Disability Reflective Practices
Authors: Kelly Jerae , Barrio Brenda
Published: December 2021

The development of more culturally competent special education teachers is integral to striving for a more equitable education system for all students. However, the development of cultural competency around disability as diversity, especially from an intersectional lens, is often underrepresented in teacher preparation programs. As a result, if it is included at all, it is often at the discretion of individual teachers willing to incorporate such content into their teacher preparation classes. For teacher educators who are searching for ways to infuse disability as diversity content into their coursework, critical disability studies provides a framework for implementation by supporting teacher candidate’s critical reflective practice. In adopting such a framework, teacher educators can better target the development of cultural competency in their special education teacher candidates. As such, the aim of the present article is to provide a method of instruction to support the development of critical reflective practices in special education teacher preparation programs.
إشكالية تفعيل الاجتهاد في أحكام المواريث بوجود دلالة النّص القطعية
Authors: Raouane Azziz  , Fajar Rachmadhani  , Mualimin Mochammad Sahid
Published: December 2021

The verses of inheritance are texts that hardly have a parallel in the provisions of Sharia in terms of clarity and decisiveness in determining the share for each inheritor. Disputes arise over the understanding of these texts where some of the companions’ jurists went on to activate the mechanism of ijtihad even though the text is clear. Their jurisprudence gave us new rulings that are not mentioned either in the Qurʾān or in the Sunnah. Meanwhile, other jurists adhered to the apparent meaning of the texts. This study aims to reveal the reasons for establishing ijtihad, although there exist definitive texts on the provisions of inheritance, and to explain the path that each companion took in weighting their doctrine. To achieve these goals, this study relied on descriptive and analytical approaches. This study found that adherence to the apparent meaning of the texts in the rulings of inheritance is a principle that must be adhered to. Aside from that, using ijtihad in the provisions of inheritance with the presence of peremptory text is possible. It is activated according to the methodology that gives the Islamic ruling new dimensions upon its implementation and does not include either cancellation or change.
الاعتراضات على تراجم صحيح البخاري وأجوبة الحافظ ابن حجر عنها في كتابه "فتح الباري": دراسة تحليلية مقارنة من أول كتاب بدء الوحي إلى آخر كتاب الإيمان
Authors: Fouad Bounama  , Golo Mohamed Maalim Adow
Published: December 2021

This research aims to compile the points of contention mentioned by Al-Hāfiz Ibn Hajar in Fath Al-Barī concerning the Tarājim (Sub-Sections) of Sahīh Al-Bukharī and his respective answers to them. The research analysis of this study begins with the chapter titled ‘The Beginning of the Revelation’ until the end of the chapter entitled ‘Faith’. The answers presented by Ibn Hajar are analysed and compared to the answers of other scholars who authored commentaries on Sahīh Al-Bukharī from those scholars who preceded him or were his contemporaries. The problem addressed in this research lies in the fact that many scholars while acknowledging the authenticity of Sahīh Al-Bukharī, its high status, the excellence and superiority of its author, did not agree with al-Bukhari in all the subsidiary issues mentioned therein. In fact, some scholars disputed or objected al-Bukhari in certain issues, stating that al Bukharī erred or assumed something wrongly. At the same time, other scholars defended al Bukharī on these issues. Hence, this research aims to study these objections and analyse them to clarify what these objections are and explain the scholars' approach in responding to them. The importance of the research is that it exemplifies an aspect of the methodology used by hadith scholars in criticising the Tarājim of books and discusses the criticisms made by these scholars and the counter responses provided. Methods employed by the researcher in this study include the inductive approach to collect the objections, the descriptive-analytical method to explain the objections and clarify the answers given by Ibn Hajar on the objections, and lastly, the comparative approach to compare the answers provided by Ibn Hajar versus other scholars. The most important results of the research are summarised in the number of objections to the Tarājim of Sahīh Al-Bukharī, which Ibn Hajar mentioned in Fath Al-Barī from the chapter titled ‘The Beginning of the Revelation’ up to the end of the chapter entitled ‘Faith’, amounting to eight (8) objections distributed amongst eight (8) Tarājim out of a total of forty-one (41) Tarjimah used in this study. These objections are divided into four categories which are: disregarding textual evidence (one objection); the negation of the existence of congruence between the Tarjamah and textual evidence (five objections); repetition of a Tarjamah (one objection); and Tarjamah strengthening an incorrect view (one objection). Ibn Hajar used a varied approach in responding to these objections, namely by combining the application of the Qur’an and the Sunnah, reason, fundamentals of jurisprudence and hadith, as well as citing statements of previous commentators.
قراءات قرآنية أشكل توجيهها على بعض العلماء دراسة تحليلية لنماذج مختارة
Authors: Ammar Abdussalam Nuhu  , Nashwan Abdo Khaled
Published: December 2021

This research aims to study examples of Qira'at that appear to be ambiguous to some scholars. The importance of this research lies in scrutinising the discourse between Qira’at and its explanation in the Arabic language. The two researchers followed the inductive approach to clarify models of Qira'at that appears ambiguous to them and the analytical approach to liberate the main problem and carry out guidance and weighting. The research concluded with some results, the most prominent of which are: The ambiguity in Qira'at is a relative matter that is due to a person; And whoever among the scholars think very deep and conduct a research about it will get a clear understanding of it, its meaning will be understandable, also its clear that some scholars’ objections to Qira'at were due to their jealousy of the Qur’an and their reverence for it.
Perbezaan Di Antara Mushaf-Mushaf Al-Quran: Sorotan Terhadap Aspek Ilmu Dhabt Al-Quran
Authors: Abd Muhaimin bin Ahmad
Published: December 2021

The Qurʾān is recited by Muslims using different variations. The differences in the recitation require a separate printing of the Qurʾān copies (mushafs) that match the recitation of each riwayah. Observation on these mushafs found that the differences occur not only in terms of reading variations but also in scripts (rasm), signs (dhabt), determination of verses (fawasil), determination of divisions (tahzib), as well as signs related to stop and continue recitation (waqf and ibtida'). Insensitivity to these differences can cause a misperception that there are errors and mistakes in the mushaf, which is the holy book of Muslims. Thus, the objectives of this paper are to identify the differences between the mushafs in terms of the sign (dhabt) and make a comparison in the matter between the mushafs. This study utilised the qualitative method using observation, analysis and comparison on the mushafs of the Qurʾān and books that are considered as main references in the science of dhabt of Qurʾān. Among the important findings of this study are differences in the aspect of dhabt, which include differences in nuqat al-i’jam involving three letters namely nun, fa and qaf. Differences also occur in nuqat al-i’rab, including the signs of dhammah, tanwin, sukun, the signs of idgham naqis, hamzah wasal and lam alif. This matter occurs due to differences in sources and practices between the schools of masyariqah and magharibah in the placement of signs in the Qurʾān. If the differences are unrecognised, they may lead to the presumption of errors in the printing of the Qurʾān.
"مسالك العلماء في التعامل مع اختلاف النسخ في رموز "الجامع الصغير
Authors: Ibrahim Abdullah Mohammed Al Madhani  , Kabiru Goje
Published: December 2021

The book ‘al-Jami as-Saghier’ of Al-Suyuti has become the major source for scholars, jurists, and preachers regarding the Prophet’s narrations. The reason for that is the easy access to the narration in it, with the addition of Al-Suyuti's classifications, and followed by the sources of the narration. But unfortunately, there occurred some differences in the manuscript copies regarding Al-Suyuti’s symbols, whether for sources or for strength and weakness of the narrations, which distracts the reader of this book. And caused the scholars to differ about these symbols and giving them lack trust. That is why this study came with the aim of choosing a scientific methodology to reach the rulings of Al-Suyuti, relying on the inductive approach in collecting texts. And it was found that the differences were caused by omission and misspelling, as well as the additions of some scholars such as Ibn Maghlabai and Sharif. And accordingly, the scholars’ approach towards these symbols differed: some of them removed them, like Al-Albani and Al-Nabhani. And others took the path of probability and likelihood, such as Al-Manawi and Al-San’ani, using correspondence between copies and the author’s handwriting, but their results are different. Therefore, I took what Al-Alqami mentioned as my main source, but since his explanation did not cover the whole book, we also relied on the copy of Testarbiti, due to its closeness to the author’s era and his acknowledgement of the copier. However, it contains blur and blanks, and a similarity between the two symbols of strength and weaknessص, ض) ) which affects the knowledge of the symbol. If Al-Alqami did not transmit anything, and we found an obliteration in the copy of Testarbiti, and the copies differed, then what Al-Manawi and Al-San’ani agreed upon is chosen. And even in the occasion one of them made a unique choice, because they took care of the book regarding their explanation and in comparing the copies. If Al-San’ani and Al-Manawi differ, or one of them is unique in contrast to the rest of the copies, as well as when there is a fear that a correction may occur in a copy of Testarbiti, then what agrees with the rule mentioned by Al-Suyuti in Al-Jami’ Al-Kabeer is given preference regarding the degree of the narration above the symbol of its correctors, or by Al-Suyuti’s statement in his other books as Al-Alqami used to do when giving preference.
منهج الطاهر بن عاشور في تعليل الفاصلة القرآنية دراسة نقدية
Authors: Ilham Messaoud Mebrouk  , Nayel Mamduh Abu Zaid
Published: December 2021

This research presents a critical and descriptive study of Ibn Ashour’s approach to directing the semantic of the Qurʾānic comma and proves that he is not limited to its rhyming role, but he strives to seek meaning indication for it. In the preface of one of his books, he explained his approach, which is a statement on Qurʾānic occasions, so researching the significance of the comma is a branch of his research on Qurʾānic occasions. Extracting the intangible occurrences of the comma from Ibn Ashour’s book “Al-Tahrir and al-Tanweer” needs veracity investigation and accuracy because he did not always state this matter, rather he may allude to the subject and mentioned the benefit of the comma during his interpretation of the Qurʾānic passages. The study presented examples of interpretation indicating Ibn Ashour’s method and gave them to the test of scientific criticism based on observing the principles of exegesis.
Pembelajaran Menggunakan Kaedah Koperatif ‘Stay and Stray’ Terhadap Kreativiti dan Motivasi Penulisan Bahasa
Authors: NG CIAN WEN , AMRAN M. SYAWAL
Published: December 2021

Mengarang adalah kemahiran untuk seseorang individu mengutarakan idea dan perasaan ke dalam bentuk tulisan secara rasional untuk manusia berkomunikasi.  Dengan itu, kemahiran mengarang merupakan salah satu bahagian yang perlu dikuasai oleh pelajar dalam pembelajaran bahasa.  Namun, kemahiran mengarang adalah kemahiran yang paling sukar dikuasai sekiranya berbanding dengan kemahiran lain seperti mendengar, bertutur dan membaca.  Dengan itu, kertas konsep ini bertujuan untuk menerangkan penggunaan kaedah koperatif Stay and Stray dalam pembelajaran penulisan bahasa.  Kaedah Stay and Stray merupakan kaedah pembelajaran dalam kumpulan-kumpulan kecil dan melibatkan bekerjasama antara anggota dalam usaha menyelesaikan tugasan yang diberikan untuk menguasai bahan pembelajaran.  Kertas konsep ini menerangkan konsep dan cara pelaksanaan kaedah koperatif Stay and Stray dalam pembelajaran penulisan secara terperinci.  Kajian-kajian lepas yang berkaitan dengan kaedah ini turut dibincangkan dan perkaitan kaedah ini dengan prinsip-prinsip Teori Konstruktivisme Sosial Vygotsky juga dijelaskan.   Selain itu, kertas konsep ini juga menelitikan pengaruh kaedah Stay and Stray terhadap kreativiti dan motivasi menulis.  Kertas konsep ini dijangka dapat menggalakkan lebih banyak guru terutamanya guru yang menghadapi masalah pengajaran penulisan untuk menambahbaikan amalan pengajaran supaya berjaya memberikan pengajaran dan pembelajaran penulisan yang berkesan positif dan berkualiti.  Di samping itu  memberi input kepada Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah, Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri serta Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia dalam usaha merancangkan rancangan-rancangan, dasar-dasar dan kurikulum pendidikan dalam bidang pembelajaran penulisan bahasa.
EXPLORING NEW FORMS WITH PARAMETRIC PATTERNS FOR RESPONSIVE FACADES: A CASE ON KINETIC JALI DESIGN
Authors: REKI Mahina REKI , SELÇUK Semra ARSLAN SELÇUK
Published: December 2021

interface between the building and the environment. The effective and smart façades that are designed to adapt the environmental conditions date back when windows and ventilators were designed carefully in response to the site conditions. In the last few decades, the emphasis on energy consumption and reduction has increased drastically, as technology has evolved and more new materials are used in the buildings than ever. Due to the numerous significant roles that a facade plays that are the thermal comfort, aesthetics, acoustics, lighting; high-performance building facades have become one of the main focuses for researchers and designers. This study is based on intersection of 2 main subjects of interest; (i) focusing on the importance of the jali/screens, as decorative architectural elements along with their functional significance, (ii) integration of this knowledge with parametric design methods to achieve new design solutions in façade design. As a result, to demonstrate the basic understanding of the concept of a kinetic façade through a jali, two design exercises that have been carried out and explored their kinetic systems, with the potential of a simple geometric design used as a module to generate the skin and its kinetic response. The investigations from this research opens a gateway for further explorations in the field of jali design, using parametric tools for the development of kinetic responsive skins.
Performance Enhancement of an a-Si:H/μc-Si:H Heterojunction p-i-n Solar Cell by Tuning the Device Parameters
Authors: Islam Md Nazmul , Ghosh Himangshu Ranjan
Published: December 2021

In this work, the solar cell design parameters like- layer thickness, bandgap, donor and acceptor concentrations are varied to find optimum structure of a hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) heterojunction p-i-n solar cell. A thin a-Si:H p-layer of 1 to 5 nm followed by a thick a-Si:H i-layer of thickness 1400 to 1600 nm and then thin n-layer of thickness 1 to 5 nm with acceptor concentration of 102 cm−3 and donor concentration of 1020 cm−3 and the bandgaps of p-, i-, and n- layers with higher bandgaps closer to 2.2 eV for a-Si:H p-layer, 1.85 eV for a-Si:H i-layer, and 1.2 eV for μc-Si:H n-layer have showed better performances. The optimum cell has a JSC of 18.93 mA/cm2, VOC of 1095 mV, Fill factor of 0.7124, and efficiency of 14.77%. The overall external quantum efficiency of the numerically designed cell also remained very high from 85-95 % for wavelengths of 300-650 nm range. This indicates that the device will perform its best under both high and low frequency i.e. ultra-violet, near visible and visible light wavelengths.
Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 69(2): 88-95, 2021 (July)
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MINIMAL MEMORY ABSTRACTION METHOD FOR REALTIME PATHFINDING HANDLING IN ANGRY DOG GAME
Authors: Tri Utomo Listanto , Wahyudi Farid
Published: December 2021

Perkembangan permainan komputer yang semakin kompleks dengan menyajikan grafis yang realistis dan NPC (Non Player Character) yang canggih menuntut pengembang menitikberatkan pengembangan pada aspek grafis dan kecerdasan buatan. Pergerakan agen merupakan elemen penting dari aspek kecerdasan buatan dan strategi pathfinding merupakan bagian utama dalam pergerakan agen. Salah satu algoritma pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan realtime pathfinding adalah dengan menggunakan metode minimal memory abstraction. Pada penelitian ini nantinya akan dibangun sebuah game pathfinding bernama Angry Dog dan akan dilakukan pengujian apakah metode minimal memory abstraction dapat diimplementasikan pada game Angry Dog.
Reflexões a respeito das relações de emprego em época de pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Lima Ricardo Ovidio de Oliveira , Beserra Thalita Kelle Pires , Oliveira Pedro Victor Miranda de , Silva Jhonatha Magalhães , Albuquerque Jose Rosman Varjão Alves de , Andrade Isabele Thalyta Oliveira , Formiga Nilton Soares
Published: December 2021

A pandemia originada da COVID-19 trouxe para o direito brasileiro diversos desafios, principalmente em relação ao direito do trabalho, precisando se adequar ao “novo normal” onde a jornada de trabalho é mais reduzida, consequentemente gerando a diminuição salários e afetando a economia gerando desempregos devido as medidas restritivas tomadas pela União, Estados e Municípios, firmando a necessidade de garantir para a parcela da população que não possui um emprego uma fonte de renda e a necessidade da manutenção dos empregos que foram mantidos através de políticas sociais. A compreensão de como o direito do trabalho foi impactado durante esse período é o principal objetivo desse estudo, e como Estado conseguiu lidar e tentar garantir a população economicamente ativa meios de contornar essas intempéries, utilizando para a análise do fenômeno a bibliografia, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa principalmente com relação a doutrina e as leis e decretos sancionados no período, fazendo uso assim do método indutivo para chegar no resultado de que as leis e decretos foram responsáveis por impactar e mudar as leis trabalhistas, além de garantir benefícios assistencialistas a população em situação de vulnerabilidade.
Erros nas prescrições medicamentosas odontológicas: um estudo transversal em drogarias
Authors: Caliari Bárbara Maris , Rosa Fernanda Souza , Souza Ana Cláudia de , Martins Victor da Mota , Caliari Luiza Ribeiro , Caliari Luana Ribeiro , Souza Guilherme Rabelo de
Published: December 2021

Prescrições medicamentosas odontológicas visam cura ou alívio de situações clínicas importantes como infecções, inflamação, dor, ansiedade, entre outras. Entretanto, erros em prescrições medicamentosas são rotineiros, fato este que inviabiliza a dispensação do fármaco e prejudica o tratamento. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas para a realização de prescrições de medicamentos pertencentes à classe de antimicrobianos, sendo esses associados ou não a outras classes farmacológicas. As prescrições foram analisadas no período de 10/05/2021 a 30/07/2021, no momento da venda e da dispensação dos medicamentos. As prescrições farmacológicas que estavam de acordo com a Resolução RDC Nº 471 de 23 de fevereiro de 2021 permitiram a venda e dispensação dos medicamentos pelas drogarias e os receituários foram retidos e arquivados (1a via do receituário) no estabelecimento farmacêutico. As prescrições incorretas impossibilitaram a venda e dispensação dos medicamentos e dessa forma foram devolvidas ao prescritor. Foram analisadas 207 prescrições odontológicas, sendo que 31,4% apresentavam algum erro no documento. O erro mais prevalente foi relacionado à posologia dos fármacos, representando o total de 79,14% de todos os erros encontrados nas prescrições. Além dos antimicrobianos, também encontramos outras classes de medicamentos nas prescrições, como anti-inflamatórios, analgésicos, antifibrinolíticos, antissépticos e antifúngicos. O presente trabalho ressalta a importância do conhecimento farmacológico e da legislação vigente para a realização de prescrições farmacológicas que permitam a venda e dispensação dos medicamentos para os pacientes.
Terapia fotodinâmica como coadjuvante no tratamento da halitose de origem bucal: revisão narrativa de literatura
Authors: Maia Isaac Müller de Sousa , Sales Daniel Felipe da Silva , Godoy Amanda Barbosa de , Alves Fabiano Florêncio , Silva Anayla Oliveira da , Barroso Maria Luisa Faria , Rangel Danielle Azevedo Rodrigues Machado , Aguiar Maria Cecília Azevedo de , Fernandes Diana Rosado Lopes
Published: December 2021

A halitose, popularmente conhecida como mau hálito, é um termo utilizado para descrever odores desagradáveis oriundos da cavidade bucal, independentemente de sua causa. Estudos atuais vêm abordando que a Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana (aPDT) tem sido utilizada como coadjuvante no tratamento dessa patologia. O objetivo geral deste estudo é revisar a literatura sobre a eficácia da terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento da halitose de origem bucal e o objetivo específico é revisar a literatura sobre a ação da terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento da halitose de origem bucal. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa de literatura e o levantamento de estudos foi realizado nas bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e periódicos CAPES, com os descritores “Halitose”; “Fotoquimioterapia”; “Terapia Fotodinâmica”; “Terapêutica” e “Cavidade Oral”. Os artigos foram publicados entre os anos de 2017 e 2021, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Após isso, 24 artigos foram incluídos nesta revisão. A ideia da realização deste estudo surgiu primeiramente pela grande parcela da população com halitose, que interfere diretamente na qualidade de vida. A aPDT é uma opção para diminuir a quantidade de microrganismos presentes na boca e baseia-se na combinação de uma fonte de luz de comprimento de onda adequado com um fotossensibilizador e o oxigênio do ambiente. A aPDT mostrou-se eficaz na redução do sulfeto de hidrogênio imediatamente após sua aplicação, reduzindo a halitose de origem bucal em um curto período de tempo.
Clareamento dental simplificando o protocolo clínico: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Castelo Adiel de Oliveira , Andrade Andrew Henrique Dias de , Gomes Mateus da Silva , Meira Gabriela de Figueiredo , Lima Thiago Mendes de
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo simplificar o protocolo clínico do clareamento dental. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de caso clínico de cunho analítico descritivo (Pereira et al., 2018) Relato de caso clínico: Paciente MSG, sexo masculino, procurou a clínica de odontologia da Fametro buscando tratamento odontológico, onde através da anamnese identificou-se um desconforto com os dentes escurecidos, sendo possível diagnosticar o paciente e apresentar agumas opções de clareamento dental, onde o mesmo optou por clareamento de consultório. No exame bucal foi identificado restauração de resinas composta nos elementos 12 e 22. Assim sendo, na primeira sessão foi realizada a profilaxia e o registro de cor da escala Vita pan (Classical B1 – D4) com score A3, bem com a utilização do afastador labial e barreira gengival para proteção dos tecidos moles. Utilizou-se ainda o espelho clínico para verificar a existência de tecido descoberto e aplicado o dessensibilizante antes do gel clareador.  Foi utilizado o agente clareador peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% (Whitness HP Automixx / FGM) e após a ação do produto foi removido com cânula de sucção, lavado com água em abundância e removido a barreira gengival. Considerações finais: Desta forma os resultados encontados foram satisfatórios proporcionando um clareamento dental de A3 para B1, possibilitando um clareamento dental com um procedimento simples e pincipalmente com um tempo de intervalo reduzido de sete dias para três dias, proporcionando um resultado em menos tempo, mas com eficácia comprovada.