bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas públicas de saúde na atenção à população LGBTQIA+
Authors: Alves Anne Karolyne da Silva , Silva Maria Andreza Marques da , Silva Yhasmin Santos , Amorim Valynia Morais Soares , Ramos Vanessa Maria do Nascimento , Barros Alice Nunes de , Andrade Laudivania Claudio de , Pedrosa Gabriela Caldas , Silva Gláucia dos Santos , Guimarães Alice Mirelly de Lima
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: descrever as políticas públicas de saúde na atenção à população LGBTQIA+. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, através das bases de dados SCIELO, LILACS e BDENF. Resultados: diante do tema, destacam-se como resultado 04 (quatro) eixos: Marcos de fundamentação legal na atenção à saúde da população LGBTQIA+; Responsabilidades e atribuições relacionadas ao Ministério da Saúde; Responsabilidade e atribuições relacionadas às Secretarias estaduais de saúde; Responsabilidades; atribuições relacionadas às Secretarias municipais de saúde. Conclusão: sendo assim, pode-se destacar a necessidade de maior capacitação dos profissionais de saúde para o acolhimento e prestação de serviços mais qualificados à essa população. Tornando-se um atendimento mais holístico, integral e com equidade.
Pedagogia da presença: uma prática necessária na escola
Authors: Gomes Élida Fernandes da Silva , Monteiro Edenar Souza
Published: September 2022

Este artigo faz parte do recorte da pesquisa de mestrado em andamento e tem como objetivo compreender as boas práticas e referências do sucesso da Pedagogia da Presença no processo de ensino-aprendizagem em uma escola de período integral, também conhecida como escola plena, localizada no município de Várzea Grande, o estado de Mato Grosso.  Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo do tipo estudo de caso e os dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas com professores e estudantes da referida escola. Para análise dos dados, foram construídas categorias à luz de Bardin e o aporte teórico foi baseado, sobretudo, em Freire, Costa e Almeida, que discorrem sobre as relações humanas, pautando-se em educação afetiva e práticas educacionais reflexivas. Em uma análise preliminar é possível concluir que tanto os professores como os alunos entendem a correlação entre o afeto e o aprender, aplicando a Pedagogia da Presença como construtiva e positiva e da influência da mesma no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
A importância no tratamento da pneumonia adquirida na comunidade em crianças menores de 5 anos (PAC)
Authors: Oliveira Roseane da Silva , Rodrigues Junior Omero Martins , Gama Regiana Almeida da , Alho Rosane da Costa , Carmo Odirene Railane Ferreira do , Rodrigues Antônia Eliene da Silva , Andrade Marlene de Souza , Romão Maria Regina de Souza
Published: September 2022

A pneumonia, doença infecciosa das vias aéreas inferiores, está entre as três principais causas de morbimortalidade infantil nos países em desenvolvimento. Objetivou-se para tanto discorrer acerca da   importância do tratamento da Pneumonia Adquirida na Comunidade (PAC), em crianças menores de 5 anos, descrevendo as características e antibiotiterapia, comparando a eficácia dos medicamentos recomendados pela OMS. Material e Método: Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura junto às bases de dados LILACS, PUBMED/MEDELINE e SCIELO, entre 2013 e 2022. Identificaram-se 86 artigos, sendo 7 utilizados na elaboração do trabalho. Resultados mostram que a PAC é a principal causa de morte entre as doenças infecciosas que acometem as crianças. Sua rápida identificação é de suma importância, para início de um tratamento adequado e para evitar maiores complicações ou até mesmo o óbito. Torna-se necessário um melhor acesso a estratégias eficazes de prevenção e gestão em países de baixa e média renda, enquanto novas estratégias são necessárias para lidar com a carga residual da doença, uma vez implementadas.
Endometriose e psicossintomatologia: os impactos de uma doença desafiadora
Authors: Domiciano Carolina Bandeira , Camilo Neto Geraldo , Felipe Daniel Hortiz de Carvalho Nobre , Maia Ana Cecília , Filho Aníbal Costa , Oliveira Deborah Cristina Nascimento de , Cavalcante Bianca Vasconcelos Braga , Pereira Ana Lívia Gadelha Xavier da Nóbrega , Xavier Beatriz Gadelha e , Lacerda Maryanne Martim Furtado
Published: September 2022

Introdução: A endometriose é uma doença ginecológica estrogênio-dependente benigna e crônica. Devido aos inúmeros sintomas que pode causar, tem um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida das mulheres afetadas em diferentes áreas: na saúde mental, nas suas relações interpessoais e no trabalho. Objetivo: Este estudo busca compreender como a endometriose pode afetar a qualidade de vida das mulheres acometidas e o que pode ser feito para que a doença e suas repercussões se tornem mais suportáveis para a paciente. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura por meio de artigos publicados na base PubMed, Scielo e em revistas científicas entre 2006 e 2021. Resultados: A endometriose já foi associada a uma ampla gama de sintomas de alta intensidade incluindo dor, dor pélvica e infertilidade e, portanto, pode levar a uma diminuição da qualidade de vida do paciente. Essa perda pode incluir dor física, impactos psicológicos e econômicos, isolamento social, depressão, ansiedade e alterações de humor, pressão e irritabilidade. Portanto, que melhorar sua autonomia e consciência corporal, reduzir o estresse e realizar exercícios físicos melhoram a qualidade física do paciente com a doença. Além do diagnóstico, além do tratamento sintomático e físico, é importante a ajuda psicológica e multiprofissional aos pacientes. Conclusão: Portanto, fica claro que a condição de endometriose tem impacto negativo na qualidade de vida da mulher acometida. Além disso, é fundamental reiterar o acompanhamento individualizado e multidisciplinar desse paciente.
Influence of seasonality on hematological parameters of farmed streaked prochilod (Prochilodus lineatus)
Authors: Cunha Daniele Mello , Calixto Flávia Aline Andrade , Takata Rodrigo , Portugal Ana Carolina Belo , Martins Gabriela Ramalho Falbo Cataldo , Uehara Silvio Akira , Fonseca Ana Beatriz Monteiro , Mesquita Eliana de Fátima Marques de , Almosny Nádia Regina Pereira
Published: September 2022

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of seasonality on the hematological aspects of juvenile farmed Prochilodus lineatus, to highlight the changes caused by seasonal variations and to develop reference intervals appropriate for each season. The study of the hematological parameters of farmed species has showed the mechanisms of adaptation to environmental variations, both in the natural environment and in production systems, allowing discernment of the differences between physiological and pathological reactions. Among the environmental factors, temperature and day length are recognized as a key factor in promoting changes in fish physiology, which can be reflected in hematological parameters. The present study analyzed the hematological parameters of juveniles of farmed streaked prochilod (Prochilodus lineatus) considering seasonal features such as temperature and day length, to highlight the changes caused by seasonality and the mechanisms involved in adaptation, and thus, elaborate reference intervals for each season. We found that seasonality has a significant impact on the hematological parameters of juvenile specimens of farmed streaked prochilod (Prochilodus lineatus), as it promotes changes in hematimetry, hemoglobinometry, white blood cells count and in the prevalence of leukocyte types. These findings demonstrate the importance of establishing reference intervals for farmed species, considering the factors responsible for physiological modifications, especially seasonal features.
A minireview of pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes – drugs and mechanisms
Authors: Lima Erick Bryan de Sousa , Godoy Ana Caroline Ventris de , Araújo Simone de
Published: September 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that originates from numerous pathogenic mechanisms, all of which result in hyperglycemia. This disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective prevention and treatment strategies for T2DM are therefore necessary. The purpose of this review was to summarize the pharmacotherapy for patients with T2DM by discussing its pathophysiology, the therapeutic classes used in treatment strategies, as well as the mechanisms of action for each one. A literature review was conducted by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases using the search terms: type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin, AMPK, antidiabetic drugs, incretin, SGLT2, and biguanides covering studies up to 2022. The review identified and included studies including qualitative, original research articles, and randomized controlled trial designs. The results of this study are divided into drugs that increase insulin sensitivity (e.g., biguanides, and thiazolidinediones), secretagogues (e.g., sulfonylureas, and meglitinides or glinides), incretin mimetics drugs (e.g., GLP-1 receptor agonists, and DPP-4 inhibitors), drugs that cause glycosuria (e.g., SGLT2 inhibitors), drugs that prevent glucose absorption (e.g., α-glucosidase inhibitor), and insulin. This allows the readers to understand each process while keeping the paper concise.
Impactos psicossociais da pandemia da COVID-19 em indivíduos com transtorno do espectro autista: revisão sistemática
Authors: Taniguchi Ana Luiza Pereira , Marra Danielle de Araújo , Almeida Rogério José de
Published: September 2022

A pandemia da COVID-19, obrigou as autoridades do mundo todo a tomarem medidas inéditas, como o isolamento e distanciamento social. Dentro desse contexto, os indivíduos dentro do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) foram grandes prejudicados, pois somaram os sintomas advindos da pandemia à sua condição diagnóstica pré-existente, fazendo com que fosse levantada a dúvida sobre quais seriam os impactos psicossociais da pandemia de COVID-19 em indivíduos com TEA. Revisão sistemática nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e a National Library of Medicine from United States of America. Os critérios de inclusão foram: redigidos em português, inglês ou espanhol, entre dezembro de 2019 e dezembro de 2021, estar dentro das normas éticas de pesquisa e ser estudos de pesquisa de campo. Os critérios de exclusão foram: artigos sem relação com o autismo ou com a COVID-19, revisões, editoriais e artigos de opinião. Foi identificado que indivíduos com TEA só se beneficiariam do distanciamento social se isso não acarretasse grandes transformações em sua rotina. O aspecto familiar se mostrou divergente entre aproximação versus conflito entre os pares. O quesito rede social virtual passou a ser um fator gerador de ansiedade para esses indivíduos. No que se refere à saúde mental, esta definitivamente foi a mais prejudicada, com aumentos significativos nos níveis de ansiedade, estresse e depressão, gerados pela mudança de rotina e à dificuldade de continuidade em seus tratamentos. Evidenciou-se, portanto, que os indivíduos diagnosticados com TEA sofreram inúmeros prejuízos durante a pandemia, principalmente em sua saúde mental. Ficou claro que é imprescindível compreendê-los, tendo em vista as dificuldades com a socialização e suas consequências na saúde mental, suas habilidades em meio ao trabalho e sua relação com o digital.
Conclusion
Authors: Mitcheson Katrina
Published: September 2022

The conclusion summarises the thesis of the book, which argues that narrative theories of the self are too narrow in their understanding of self-construction, neglecting the body and simplifying agency, and sets out an alternative corporeal hermeneutics of the self that draws on visual art. The conclusion also revisits the circularity that Ricoeur recognises between self and culture and starts to explore how in Joseph Beuys notion of Social Sculpture we go further than this recognition that the worlds of the artwork and agency influence and depend on each other; seeing social action as itself a form of artistic agency. Given our intersubjectivity and our dependence on our environment, engaging in practices which change the world around us is continuous with our hermeneutics of the self. New ways of relating to our identity can also involve new ways of relating to others, and to the environment, both cultural and natural; such as Beuys’ attempted with his 7,000 Oaks (1982–6).
Celebration, Dutiful Service, Favourites
Authors: Bergeron David M.
Published: September 2022

Chapter 3 begins with the preparations for and the celebration of Princess Elizabeth’s wedding to Prince Frederick of Germany on 14 February 1613, as the court moved away from Henry’s death. Lennox participated fully in all the activities associated with the wedding. Then, at James’s request, Lennox accompanied the princess on her journey to her new home in Germany. Lennox continued to execute numerous tasks given to him by the king. In1616, he was central in the events associated with Charles’s investiture as Prince of Wales. Lennox also skillfully negotiated his relationships with two of the king’s favourites: Robert Carr and George Villiers.
Last Years: Good and Ill Together
Authors: Bergeron David M.
Published: September 2022

This final chapter has three parts: marriage, letters, death and funeral. Lennox married the widow Frances Howard in June 1621, just a few weeks after her former husband’s death. This seems to have been Lennox’s only successful marriage. Numerous personal letters receive attention; they open additional insights into Lennox. While asleep, Lennox died unexpectedly on 16 February 1624, shocking the nation. His death was a major blow to the king and Prince Charles. Numerous writers responded to his death with elegies and tributes. James postponed the opening of Parliament, and he arranged for an elaborate funeral on 19 April. Hundreds of noblemen, clergy and others joined the funeral procession as it made its way to Westminster Abbey at which Lennox received exceptional praise.
Economic Loss
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter discusses the meaning of economic loss, the contexts in which there is no duty in relation to inflicting such loss, and the circumstances which duty does arise. The indicators of duty in regard to negligent misrepresentation and the negligent provision of services is considered, and the concept of assumption of responsibility is given extended analysis. The contentious topic of “Junior Books” liability (where pursuer and defender are linked by a contractual chain) is discussed. The chapter concludes with a checklist of the main factors indicating whether or not responsibility is deemed to have been assumed.
Psychiatric Injury
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter discusses the classification of psychiatric injury in cases of alleged negligence. It explores distinction between primary and secondary victims as witnesses of sudden shocking events, and explains the limits of duty in regard to the respective categories. A specific focus is the complex criteria upon which duty to secondary victims is predicated. Problem categories in this connection, such as rescuers and involuntary agents of injury, are also examined. Relational duties of care are considered, in particular in relation to communication of medical information. In addition, cases involving anxiety in regard to future physical risk, such as asbestos-related injury, are discussed.
Professional Negligence
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter begins by discussing in depth the general test, based upon the Scottish case of Hunter v Hanley, which assesses the conduct of professionals by reference to the “ordinary skill” demanded in that context. It also notes the standard applicable to tradespersons. The specific categories most commonly encountered in the case law are examined, including solicitors, surveyors, architects, accountants and auditors, teachers, the emergency services, and charitable organisations. In addition, the chapter notes the particular issues affecting medical professionals in relation to disclosure of risk to patients. It concludes by reviewing the rules governing whether solicitors, advocates, or expert witnesses should be considered immune from suit.
Invasion of Privacy
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

The comparative background, looking in particular at the United States, France, Germany, and England, is given extended treatment in this chapter, as an important basis for the understanding of the problems confronting Scots law in this rapidly developing area. There is extensive discussion of the law of misuse of private information as it has developed south of the border, and an assessment of its relevance to Scots law. The chapter also considers possible delictual remedies for appropriation of indicia of personal identity for commercial gain. It concludes by assessing the future of privacy law more generally, and whether delictual remedies should be available not only for misuse of information but also for breaches of territorial privacy and privacy of the person.
The Economic Delicts
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter provides an account of the main delicts targeted at protecting economic interests: inducing breach of contract, causing loss by unlawful means; conspiracy; fraud; and passing-off. The English cases feature heavily in this area and are therefore looked at in detail, but where available the Scottish case-law is also given prominence, as are areas of possible cross-border difference. The chapter concludes by assessing whether the doctrine of aemulatio vicini has any continuing relevance in this context.
Occupiers’ Liability
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter begins by considering the developments in the common law culminating in the enactment of the Occupiers’ Liability (Scotland) Act 1960. The framework of the 1960 act is examined in detail, including the concept of occupier and the relevance of “control”, the ambit of “land or other premises”, relevant dangers, and the extent of the occupier’s duty to show care. Attention is drawn to relevant factors in assessing the standard of care. The operation of the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur in this context is also given attention, as is liability in relation to independent contractors, and relevant defences.
Statutory Liability for Harm Caused by Animals
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

The primary focus of this chapter is the Animals (Scotland) Act 1987, which provides a framework of strict liability for harm caused by animals. The chapter offers a guide to the key concepts in the Act, including injury or damage, the identity of the keeper, relevant species, the requirement that injury should be “directly referable” to the animal’s dangerous attributes, exclusions from liability, and the importance of contributory negligence. The statutory provisions are examined alongside the case-law that has emerged since 1987.
Protection from Harassment
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

The main focus of this chapter is the Protection from Harassment Act 1997 and the remedies that it provides for those claiming to have been harassed by another. The nature of actions of harassment is considered and the key features of liability, including the kinds of conduct that may constitute harassment, and the requirement that “alarm or distress” should have been caused. It reviews the availability of interdict and non-harassment orders and also discusses the circumstances in which vicarious liability for harassment may be imposed. The final two sections of the chapter deal with the older remedies of lawburrows and non-molestation interdicts.
Prescription and Limitation
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

The chapter begins with an overview of the rules of prescription, largely contained in the Prescription and Limitation (Scotland) Act 1973, as they affect delictual liability. This is the doctrine by which the obligation to make reparation is extinguished after a certain stipulated period. It also considers the rules of limitation as contained in the Act, which entail that an action is procedurally barred after a certain period, regardless of whether the underlying obligation subsists. Those rules are examined in relation to non-fatal personal injuries, child abuse actions, and personal injuries resulting in death. The chapter concludes with discussion of the court’s equitable power to override time limits in certain cases.
No Such Thing as History Nowadays: Medicine, Health and the Legacy of Empire
Authors: Goodman Sam
Published: September 2022

This chapter considers those post-Imperial novels which deal directly with the ending and aftermath of Empire to argue that the medical idiom with which the Empire is repeatedly assessed in fiction represents a desire to alternately diagnose Britain’s contemporary sickness or conduct a post-mortem of the British Raj. The chapter focuses on instances of memory, amnesia, hauntings, mortality and memorial culture, with a particular emphasis on narrative or literary form, and those works that utilise retrospective accounts, or are concerned overtly with temporality. Divided into two sections, the first analyses John Master’s novels Bhowani Junction (1954) and To the Coral Strand (1962) in relation to the end of Empire and the Savage family dynasty, whilst the second focuses on Paul Scott’s Staying On (1977) and the British experience of independent India.
Introduction
Authors: Nash Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

Etymological/historical and situational definitions for the term mahdi are supplied and their explanatory value assessed for the respective movements in question. Short biographies of their founders are provided and consideration given to the traditional qualifications they adduced as proof of their claims. The dissemination of the movements’ messages in the West is outlined and the present state of scholarly reception of each is discussed. The importance of the categories orientalism, race and modernity to understanding of the movements’ proselytism and impact in the West is probed. Finally the formative influence of key western orientalist figures upon the movements’ polemics is signposted as they appear in the separate chapters.
Empire and Orient: Baha’is in Russian Transcaspia and Palestine
Authors: Nash Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

In the final three chapters of this study, attention returns to the major issues raised in the Introduction: the rationale for deployment of Orientalist discourse in Baha’i writing and Baha’is’ connections to empire. In Chapter 6 two zones of contact are probed: Tsarist Transcaspia and British Palestine. In the former, Russian orientalists engaged with diasporic Baha’i communities enjoying a relatively secure haven beyond the hostility of the neighbouring Iranian authorities. The Russians, who were serving military officers, penetrated into Iran itself to reconnoitre the territory while meeting Baha’is there. How innocent was this fraternisation? Was Russian orientalism any less freighted with imperial nostrums toward minorities in Islamicate lands than British and French versions? In Palestine, where for historical reasons the Baha’is’ world centre was located, the British were establishing their Mandate at the same time as enabling the Zionists to carve out a Jewish ‘National Home’. How sympathetic if not complicit were Baha’is with these projects? Ahmadis were also under British protection in imperial India. Were Muslim thinkers like Muhammad Iqbal and Abul Ala Maududi right to see their separation from the majority Muslim community and closeness to the coloniser as an existential threat?
Orientalism and Modernity in Baha’i and Ahmadi Writings
Authors: Nash Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

This chapter begins by interrogating the varied inflections of eastern voices and discourses of orientalism developed in response to the westernisation and modernisation currents of the late nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century. Being aware of these voices, it is argued, will enable a better understanding of how to locate the orientalism encoded in Baha’i writing about the East authored primarily by Shoghi Effendi. The focus of Aryan imaginings of Iran and the anti-Muslim discourse of thinkers like Aqa Khan Kermani and Fath Ali Akunzadeh is weighed against an emerging alignment of western Baha’is – encouraged by Shoghi Effendi – with the pre-Islamic ideology and modernisation policies of Reza Shah Pahlavi. Shoghi Effendi’s self-orientalising tendencies are partly accounted for by his isolation as Guardian of the Baha’i faith in Palestine and his proximity to and identification with British imperial statesmen and orientalists. His scripting of apocalyptic texts about the destruction of the contemporary world order is linked to personal anxiety about dying colonialism. The last section of the chapter compares Baha’i and Ahmadi schemes for new world orders and reprises their different lines to British rulers as well as Christianising their respective religious messages.
‘Vipers in the bosom of our Law’: The Emergence of Perjury as a Common Law Offence
Authors: Hudson Judith
Published: September 2022

Using Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour’s Lost as its central text, Chapter One investigates the question of appropriate punishment, with reference to the crime of perjury, which, though not a capital offence in the period, was at times conceived of in those terms. The nature of perjury as a secular crime involving the breach of a religious oath makes it particularly fruitful subject matter when considering early modern sanction. Perjury underwent a change in legal status from the late sixteenth century onwards, as the 1563 Elizabethan perjury statute passed the power to punish false witness from the ecclesiastical to the secular courts. This chapter maps the tensions inherent in the reformulation of an Old Testament commandment as a temporal and secular offence, examining the progress of the statute and some key contemporary cases (from the Gunpowder Plot to the Popish Plot), but also reading that anxiety in providential pamphlets and contemporary drama.
A Dangerous Hybridity: The Prose Poem at the fin de siècle
Authors: Murphy Margueritte S.
Published: September 2022

Baudelaire’s Petits poèmes en prose were central to legitimizing the prose poem as a poetic form; Baudelaire himself pointed to Aloysius Bertrand’s Gaspard de la nuit as an inspiration for his own texts. After his death, Baudelaire and the prose poem became associated with Decadence, implying an embrace of a twilight culture. Yet Baudelaire’s prose poems were absolutely modern as they grew out of an urban experience and had a close, if subversive relationship with the “faits divers” and feuilletons of contemporary newspaper culture. This essay will explore the paradoxes of this hybrid form for the fin de siècle: of a genre associated with decadence that is at the forefront of innovation and radical speech; of a genre in France caught up in the rivalry between Decadence and Symbolism, with both in dialogue with anarchism; of a genre that suffers in England from the clash of legal and poetic discourse in the Wilde trial; and finally of a body of works that despite such their origins in the mists of the fin de siècle influenced major Modernist texts and set the stage for a Modernist aesthetic and ethos for the next century.
Trans-verse: Prose Poetry, Translation and Border Crossing in Baudelaire and Emerson
Authors: Rosenthal Adam R.
Published: September 2022

This essay proposes theorizing the genre trouble of prose poetry by way of the matrix of translation. Through examinations of various nineteenth-century prose-poetry projects, (for example, those of Baudelaire, Mallarmé, Schlegel, and Poe), it asks whether we might better understand the function of the prose poem by abandoning the antagonism implicit in the assignment of generic distinction, and instead approaching such texts as interweavings of the poetic into the prosaic, and the prosaic into the poetic. “Translation,” as a model not only of cross-linguistic transference, but of any process of cross-pollination, would therefore be an analogon of prose-poetry composition. This essay therefore proposes that we read prose poems as translations, not of other texts (such as Baudelaire’s prose poems have commonly been read, with respect to the verse poems of the Fleurs du mal), but of the genres of “prose” and “poetry” themselves. At the same time, it asks how the hybrid form of prose poetry informs 19th-century conceptions of the relation between languages, or translation, specifically in the work of Baudelaire and Mallarmé, and ultimately argues that each project shaped the other.
A Map of Open Questions: A Feminist Genealogy of Women Directors (1935–70)
Authors: Missero Dalila
Published: September 2022

This chapter reconstructs the career paths of a group of women students of the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia (CSC) who graduated between the 1930s and the 1960s. These trajectories, which often crossed the Italian borders, were impacted by the gendered structures articulating labour in the film industry. As such, the chapter analyses the entanglement of systemic and informal aspects shaping women’s participation in filmmaking, adopting a trans-generational and materialistic perspective, which connects numerous, individual profiles with broader questions linking gender inequality with creative labour.
Feminist Spaces and Knowledge Exchange: Adriana Monti’s Archive
Authors: Missero Dalila
Published: September 2022

This chapter reconstructs the experience of the filmmaker Adriana Monti, through the study of her personal archive held at the Fondazione Micheletti in Brescia. Active in several feminist collectives since the early 1970s, Monti made several super8 and experimental videos, and authored the film Scuola senza fine, a project born within a group of women who participated to the educational program of the 150-hours. The chapter also analyses Monit’s experiences as film educator and film critic for the teen magazine ‘Ragazza In’ to discuss the transition of the feminist movement into the 1980s.
The Empire of Coldness
Authors: Ferrarese Estelle , Corcoran Steven
Published: September 2022

This chapter unfolds the thread of Adorno’s reflections on the capitalist form of life, drawing fully out his conception of caring for others and of the type of socio-political neutralisation to which it is subject: “bourgeois coldness.” This latter is expressed as an indifference toward others inherent to the pursuit of one’s own interests, an inability to identify with others, an assiduous subscription to the inevitable. Taking scattered passages from Adorno’s work and correspondence, Ferrarese advances an interpretation of the mechanism by which caring for others is rendered impossible; that is, a certain phenomenon of forgetting. Forgetting here does not mean a failure to recollect but instead a denying of all causal power, all aptness, all authority to certain properties and to certain lived experiences.
Concern for Others in a Wrong World
Authors: Ferrarese Estelle , Corcoran Steven
Published: September 2022

This chapter confronts the problem of thinking, despite the exercise of cold subjectivation perpetually at work within the form of capitalist life, the possibility of acts that bear witness, fleetingly, to a fragile but embodied care for others. In other terms, Ferrarese raises, afresh, the Adornian question of the conditions of a moral act in a ‘false’ world. Borrowing from the ethics of care and from Negative Dialectics, she formulates the principle behind certain expectations and moral forms that, though inserted in tangible arrangements and hence relations of force and domination, do not thereby lose any of their truth content. The fragility of caring for others, its dependency on multiple phenomena that suffocate or support it, its imbrication with gender relations, its seizure by mechanisms that are also effects of reification, does not signify its futility. Only if we cease to reason by using the category of the origin, can we conceive of a morality that is also political.
The Yankee Peddler Conjures an American Marketplace
Authors: Schäfer Stefanie
Published: September 2022

This chapter uncovers the Yankee peddler in literary and humour texts as business agent and embodiment of US commodity culture. From the 1780s onwards, the peddler’s circuits connect remote settlements to an imaginary national marketplace. The itinerant vendor is portrayed as magician and nationbuilder in texts by Cooper’s The Spy (1821), Irving’s “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” (1820), or Haliburton’s bestselling Sam Slick sketches from the 1830s. He stages the craft of trading with innovations and shams, such as Yankee clocks and wooden nutmegs.
Monterey Pop and the Maturation of the Concert Film
Authors: Westrup Laurel
Published: September 2022

In this chapter, Laurel Westrup discusses the seminal rockumentary Monterey Pop as the pivotal pop festival and concert film. The chapter focus on how Pennebaker’s film used aesthetic ideas from previous concert documentaries and produced a concert film style that continues to influence concert film production today.
Chile: The Rock of Political Culture and the Hard Place of Cultural Policy
Authors: Utman Jorge Saavedra , Miller Toby
Published: September 2022

In this chapter, Jorge Saavedra Utman and Toby Miller argues that Chilean rockumentaries have their roots in the work of filmmakers in the 1960s that addressed the temporary rise of the popular classes to power and discusses how rockumentaries in Chile recover collective memory and question national identity.
Documenting Deities: Touch and K-Pop Fandom on Youtube
Authors: Chalfant Eric , Na Ali
Published: September 2022

In this chapter, Eric Chalfant and Ali Na explore the role of touch in K-Pop fan videos on YouTube. The authors argue that K-pop fans use digital media to celebrate mediated distance from idols while advocating alternative forms of virtual intimacy.
On Intelligence
Authors: de Werd Peter
Published: September 2022

In the introduction the approach in this book is theoretically positioned with respect to dominant practices and theoretical debate in intelligence studies. The concept of critical as adopted in the book is explained. While drawing on critical reflexivist ideas and the concept of securitization theory, the emancipatory agenda generally adopted in critical security studies and critical discourse analysis is not explicitly present: emancipation is an implicit potential of the comparative ACN approach, rather than an agenda or research aim regarding a particular dominant narrative. Lastly, critical realism, causality, and the function of language for intelligence is discussed. This book adopts an integrative approach in which drivers and facilitating conditions interact and are combined into causal complexes. It is the combination of the material world, the wider ideational context, forms of action, and the motivation or intent behind these actions that shapes the social reality of complex intelligence problems.
ACN: Theory, Methodology, Method and Object of Research
Authors: de Werd Peter
Published: September 2022

The first chapter briefly outlines the adopted theoretical components of critical discourse analysis that enable identification and analysis of distinct narratives, and integrates sociological securitization theory. It introduces the ACN methodology, and details the narrative analysis framework (NAF) and Narrative Tracing (NT) that guides the research. It also presents Al Qaeda as the object of research for the case studies. Critical discourse analysis examines articulations of difference and the underlying power relations that drive naturalization processes of meanings to ideology or common sense. Securitization efforts articulate a threatening other; it is a discursive practice that also relates to non-discursive events and circumstances, and is situated in or influenced by wider social practices and social structures. As a result, the central elements of the NAF are 1) the meanings that emerge from the texts in terms of securitization, 2) the analysis of functional language such as grammar and lexicon, 3) the settings or situational contexts of text production and consumption, and 4) the wider background, zeitgeist, or external context in which texts and narratives are positioned. As an extension of the NAF method, narrative tracing (NT) entails focusing on the multi-consequentiality of securitization efforts and other statements and actions across narratives.
Al Qaeda Narrative
Authors: de Werd Peter
Published: September 2022

This chapter describes the Al Qaeda narrative as advertised by Osama bin Laden and his followers. Bin Laden sought to incite a global Muslim community and rally a vanguard of Muslim youth. He also used the Al Qaeda narrative to establish and develop self-identification and institutionalization among his followers, expressing and shaping his leadership and the organisation. In terms of securitization, the Al Qaeda narrative showed the transformation of early complex and incomplete efforts into more focused exertions that centralized targeting US servicemen and civilians around the world. Over time it comprised a fundamental variation and hence partial transformation of the Salafi-jihadi social order, as it went against the dominant ideological current. Key texts include a 1996 speech and memorandum, the 1998 World Islamic Front declaration, a 1998 interview with Al Jazeera, and a propaganda video on the USS Cole attack in 2000. US missile strikes on Afghanistan and Sudan in 1998 that followed the Embassy attacks in Africa, and the bombing campaign over Iraq a few months later, led Bin Laden’s message to resonate among wider Arab and Muslim audiences. The US economic sanctions, criminal investigation, and indictment underlined the very status Bin Laden was frantically trying to articulate.
D’Holbach’s Systematic Materialist Ontology
Authors: Devellennes Charles
Published: September 2022

This chapter discusses the work of the baron d’Holbach, one of the best-known atheists of the period. It breaks down his work into three phases: the early polemical works, largely following a negative atheism; the systematic materialist ontology of his middle period; and the ethical and political works of the later period. A short biographical section illuminates the importance and centrality of d’Holbach’s influence on French but also European and American thinkers of the time, notably through the attendance of his salon for forty years. Holbach is then shown to be an important figure of both negative and positive atheism, with a clear system in place to explain the role of ethics and politics in a world without God. His writings show a utilitarian and republican vision for the world, that was to shape the thought of revolutionary authors after his death.
I Yam What I Yam What I Yam: Altman and the Transpositional Poetics of Popeye
Authors: Minett Mark
Published: September 2022

Participating in a cycle of nostalgic Hollywood renovations of iconic pop culture characters, Robert Altman’s Popeye (1980) brought the Hollywood Renaissance auteur into the era of the New Hollywood blockbuster. Not since his breakthrough, M*A*S*H (1970), had Altman joined a project so late in its development, with producer Robert Evans, screenwriter Jules Feiffer, composer Harry Nilsson, and star Robin Williams already attached. Together, they aspired to craft a blockbuster musical out of the characters created by E.C. Segar. Popeye, then, provides a novel opportunity to examine the interaction of Altman’s hallmark on-set transpositional strategies – his collaborative departures from and elaborations upon the pre-production script – with the iterative processes of transmedial franchising and the negotiation and integration of multiple authoring perspectives. Taking as its jumping-off point Altman’s claim that the filmmakers’ approach was primarily influenced by Segar’s comic strip, this chapter considers how the design and medium-specific features of Segar’s strip provided a justification and opportunity for Altman to intermingle his own distinct elaborative practices with the emergent formal strategies of the Hollywood blockbuster.
A Perfect Couple: The Altman–Rudolph Connection
Authors: Ness Richard R.
Published: September 2022

When Robert Altman arranged to produce director Alan Rudolph’s Welcome to L. A. in 1976 it was inevitable, given their past association, that critics would make comparisons to Altman’s work. Through an analysis of how each director tackled films with similar concerns—art and commerce, political myths, and genre subversion—this chapter demonstrates that while Rudolph has learned from his mentor, each director displays his own unique cinematic sensibility. In general, Altman’s narrative approach prizes externalization and observation, while Rudolph’s leans toward internalization and introspection. Even the stylistic devices Rudolph learned from his work with Altman are employed for different purposes. For Altman, visual and aural elements contribute to a realist aesthetic, while Rudolph uses these same techniques to create a stylized, hypnotic, dreamlike atmosphere. In addition to providing insight into Altman’s work as a producer, this chapter’s examination of the relationship between the two filmmakers addresses the ways their personal relationship and professional collaboration have been mutually beneficial while also demonstrating each director’s distinctive artistic vision.
The Affection of Death
Authors: Kolker Robert P.
Published: September 2022

So many of Robert Altman’s movies contain a death or wounding. Amidst the grim frivolity or serious misanthropy, the genre parodies or multi-level narratives, death stalks. Altman must have known that A Prairie Home Companion (2006) might be his last film. He was living with a transplanted heart and suffering from cancer. The film’s producers were worried enough to have Paul Thomas Anderson on set as a backup director. No wonder that death in person wanders through the film, undercutting the music and the comedy with her persistent presence. This chapter offers a retrospective of Altman’s films from the vantage point of the bitter-sweet nostalgia for death in his last work.
Alan Rudolph
Authors: Dombrowski Lisa , Wyatt Justin
Published: September 2022

Alan Rudolph is the acclaimed writer and director of over twenty feature films, including Choose Me (1984), Trouble in Mind (1985), and Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle (1994). He first worked with Robert Altman as the second assistant director on The Long Goodbye (1973) and California Split (1974) and assistant director on Nashville (1975), and wrote the screenplay for Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull’s History Lesson (1976). Altman later produced Rudolph’s Welcome to L.A. (1977), Remember My Name (1978), Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle, Afterglow (1997), and Trixie (2000). In this interview, Rudolph discusses Altman as a producer, lessons learned from their work together, and the development of Mrs. Parker
and the Vicious Circle and the Kurt Vonnegut adaptation Breakfast of Champions (1999).
Mamluk Historiography as a Form of Political Thought
Authors: El-Merheb Mohamad
Published: September 2022

Chapter 5 examines Mamluk historiography, namely, specific anecdotes in Taj al-Din al-Subki’s (d. 771/1370) biographical dictionaries (Tabaqat al-Shafiʿiyya al-kubra), as a form of political thought. These selected anecdotes aimed to emphasise the self-proclaimed prerogatives of Shafiʿi scholars to legitimate rulers and moderate their exercise of power, and defend the populace against the perceived excesses of the rising military elites. The final chapter, likewise, highlights the role of competition between legal schools (madhhabs) in the production of political thought.
Terminological and Methodological Clarifications
Authors: Röck Tina
Published: September 2022

This chapter introduces the terminology and methodology shaping the book. The terms defined are experience, metaphysics, ontology and meta-ontology, change, being, time and temporality, adequacy, reality, and world. Through these terminological clarifications the possibility of devising a new form of metaphysical realism that results from the intersection of ontology and epistemology is rendered feasible. The precise understanding of ‘realism’ and of ‘experience’ shaping the investigation is introduced, to distinguish dynamic realism from other attempts to formulate a realistic position based on experience. The second part of this chapter argues for the use of both phenomenology and speculation to achieve the aims of the book.
Phenomenological Experience: To the Things Themselves
Authors: Röck Tina
Published: September 2022

This chapter discusses phenomenological experience introducing phenomenological techniques like reduction and epoché. While the discussion largely remains faithful to Husserl’s texts and provides a close reading of some passages, it does present phenomenology as an encounter, that can be investigated while emphasising various focal points, even after the epoché. The focus of the discussion is the question whether phenomenology is a realist or an idealist endeavour. After establishing that Husserl’s claim that his philosophy is sui generis, some elements of this complex question are addressed, with a focus on an account of the noema and its realist potential. The chapter concludes that, whether one considers phenomenology to be a sui generis form of realism, or a sui generis form of transcendental idealism is related to what aspect of the correlational a-priori is investigated, i.e. to the precise mode and object of investigation.
Husserl’s Philosophy as Correlated Transcendental Realism
Authors: Röck Tina
Published: September 2022

This chapter establishes that Husserl’s philosophy is neither a traditional realism, nor a traditional transcendental idealism. This unique middle way is characterised as correlated transcendental realism. Given this result it is surprising that phenomenology is still often considered a form of idealism, the reasons for this are discussed. The potential of a realistic reading of Husserl’s phenomenology is investigated by looking at the engagement with his thought in the early analytic tradition and phenomenalism. Using Sellar’s arguments against the myth of the given realistic phenomenology is distinguished from phenomenalism and naïve realism. Then the critique of correlations from the speculative realist camp is discussed and rejected. The chapter concludes with a closer discussion of a realistic (but not naïve) understanding of the correlation, that does not remain trapped in a vicious cycle as is argued by Meillassoux.
Phenomenological Realism: The Argument from Temporality
Authors: Röck Tina
Published: September 2022

In this chapter finally moves toward a systematic account of phenomenological realism using the experience of temporality. The role of time and temporality in Husserl’s philosophy are introduced, but the focus of this chapter is the role of time in the Thing and Space Lectures. Here the layers of temporality, namely objective time (as experienced), subjective time and pre-phenomenal flow, and their role for phenomenology are discussed. On this background the main argument is developed, namely that there is a form of temporality (the temporality of changing phenomena), that is directly given in experience, but not foundationally grounded in the other a-priori structures of temporality. This allows for the conclusion that change is actually real on the basis of phenomenological descriptions alone, i.e. the objective reality of change can be experienced. This is the one claim about reality in itself, that can be derived from phenomenological investigation alone: things change.