bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon Monoxide‐Releasing Molecule‐3 Suppresses the Malignant Biological Behavior of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Regulating Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Dai Yan , Chen Hui , Pan Yan , Song Hui
Published: September 2022

Carbon monoxide‐releasing molecule‐3 (CORM‐3) is a water‐soluble complex which has the ability to release carbon monoxide (CO). The study is aimed at investigating the epidemiological characters and effects of CORM‐3 on tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells and the mechanisms involved. Firstly, CAL27 and SCC4 were treated with CORM‐3 or iCORM‐3. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells were separately evaluated by CCK‐8, scratch assay, and transwell assay. We found that the optimal concentration of CORM‐3 on the proliferation of CAL27 and SCC4 cells was 400 μM, and CORM‐3 was significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of TSCC cells. Meanwhile, CORM‐3 increased the protein expression of HO‐1 detected by western blot. Short‐hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were constructed to manipulate the expression of HO‐1 in CAL27 and SCC4 cells. Then, rescue assays were conducted to explore the reversion effect of shHO‐1 on the CORM‐3 function. Mechanistically, CORM‐3 decreased the protein of Keap1 expression as well as increased Nrf2 expression. Upregulation of E‐cadherin was observed, as well as the downregulation of N‐cadherin expression significantly. The antitumor effect of CORM‐3 was used to xenograft tumor in nude mice for further investigation in vivo, and the result showed that CORM‐3 significantly suppressed tumor growth in xenograft nude mice. These data suggest that CORM‐3 acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway in TSCC, which provides a potential chemotherapeutic strategy for TSCC.
[Retracted] CuO‐TiO2‐Chitosan‐Berbamine Nanocomposites Induce Apoptosis through the Mitochondrial Pathway with the Expression of P53, BAX, and BCL‐2 in the Human K562 Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Elderdery Abozer Y. , Alzahrani Badr , Hamza Siddiqa M. A , Mostafa-Hedeab Gomaa , Mok Pooi Ling , Subbiah Suresh Kumar
Published: September 2022

In this study, cells from human Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (K562) were cultivated with CuO‐TiO2‐Chitosan‐Berbamine nanocomposites. We examined nanocomposites using XRD, DLS, FESEM, TEM, PL, EDAX, and FTIR spectroscopy, as well as MTT for cytotoxicity, and AO/EtBr for apoptotic morphology assessment. The rate of apoptosis and cell cycle arrests was determined using flow cytometry. Flow cytometry was also employed to identify pro‐ and antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl2, Bad, Bax, P53, and Cyt C. The FTIR spectrum revealed that the CuO‐TiO2‐Chitosan‐Berbamine nanocomposites were electrostatically interlocked. The nanocomposites’ XRD signals revealed a hexagonal shape. In the DLS spectrum, nanocomposites were found to have a hydrodynamic diameter. As a result of their cytotoxic action, nanocomposites displayed concentration‐dependent cytotoxicity. The nanocomposites, like Doxorubicin, caused cell cycle phase arrest in K562 cells. After treatment with IC50 concentrations of CuO‐TiO2‐Chitosan‐Berbamine nanocomposites and Doxorubicin, a substantial percentage of cells were in G2/M stage arrest. Caspase‐3, ‐7, ‐8, ‐9, Bax, Bad, Cyt C, and P53 expression were considerably enhanced in K562 cells, whereas Bcl2 expression was decreased, indicating that these cells may have therapeutic potential against human blood cancer/leukemia‐derived disorders. As a result, the nanocomposites demonstrated outstanding anticancer potential against leukemic cells. CuO‐TiO2‐Chitosan‐Berbamine, according to our findings.
Larvicidal Effects of Nanoliposomes Containing Clove and Cinnamon Essential Oils, Eugenol, and Cinnamaldehyde against the Main Malaria Vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston
Authors: Sanei-Dehkordi Alireza , Heiran Roghayeh , Roozitalab Ghazaal , Elahi Narges , Osanloo Mahmoud
Published: September 2022

The use of larvicides, especially in endemic regions, is recommended for malaria control. However, due to the excessive use of synthetic larvicides, resistance in mosquitoes and environmental pollution have been challenges. In the current study, nanoliposome containing clove and cinnamon essential oils and their major ingredients, i.e., eugenol and cinnamaldehyde, were first prepared; particle size and successful loading were investigated using DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) and ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform InfraRed) analysis. Larvicidal effects of the nanoliposomes and nonformulated samples were then investigated against Anopheles stephensi. The best-observed efficacy (LC50 5.4 μg/mL) was related to nanoliposomes containing eugenol with a particle size of 109 ± 4 nm. However, LC50 values of the other three nanoformulations were also around 10 μg/mL; all four prepared nanoformulations were thus introduced as natural larvicides for further investigations in the field conditions.
Fermentation profile, aerobic stability, chemical and mineral composition of silages of mango combined with cocoa pod husk meal
Authors: Araújo Gherman Garcia Leal de , Araújo Cleyton de Almeida , Gois Glayciane Costa , Magalhães André Luiz Rodrigues , Novaes Judicael Janderson da Silva , Rodrigues Jéssica Maria da Conceição da Silva , Guimarães Yuri Santa Rosa , Perazzo Alexandre Fernandes , Silva Thieres George Freire da , Santos Edson Mauro  dos , Campos Fleming Sena
Published: September 2022

The objective was to evaluate the fermentation profile, aerobic stability, chemical composition, and mineral content of silages of mango combined with cocoa pod husk meal. A completely randomized design was adopted, including four levels (65, 70, 75, and 80%) and five repetitions, totaling 20 experimental silos that were opened after 90 days of sealing. Increasing mango levels in the silages increased the dry matter recovery, total carbohydrates, and fraction B2 of carbohydrates, and reduced gas losses, dry matter, and mineral matter. The quadratic effect was found for pH, buffering capacity, potassium, boron, iron, and nitrogen fractions A and B1 + B2. Using unconventional products such as mango combined with cocoa pod husk meal for silage making can reduce the cost of food supplementation for ruminants, and the environmental contamination.
Within-population song evolution in white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis)
Authors: Chartier Sara L. , Ramsay Scott M. , Otter Ken A.
Published: September 2022

Cultural evolution of birdsong occurs when songs change over generations and such changes can spread directionally or via drift within populations. We describe the emergence and directional spread of a novel song variant within a population of White-throated Sparrows in central British Columbia, Canada. Birds in this population have been singing a doublet-ending song since the early 2000s. In 2015, we detected a novel variant, consisting of a doublet-ending song with a distinctive amplitude modulation in the first note (Modulated-Doublet). We banded and recorded birds from 2015 to 2020 and classified songs using both audio and spectrographic analysis. The proportion of birds singing the Modulated-Doublet increased, replacing the Unmodulated-Doublet over time. Additionally, the modulation became more pronounced, both across the population and within individual birds, over successive years. The rapid spread suggests there may be several transmission biases driving the adoption of this novel song over the older established variant.
White-edged cowards: high-pitched treefrogs will be attacked by those with orange legs
Authors: Rebouças Raoni
Published: September 2022

Anurans are one of the most diverse groups of animals, with single and multi-modal communication forms commonly used to settle disputes over territory and to attract females. Thus, I aimed to evaluate if male white-edged treefrogs tend to attack smaller individuals and which morphometric factor is related to it. Advertisement calls of this species were recorded and used in a four-choice experiment with the emission of artificially designed calls. I evaluated which speaker individuals approached and if morphometric variables could predict it. I observed that individuals approached significantly more often towards the high-pitched call than other treatments, and the frequency to do so was predicted by the extension of orange colour in their legs. These results indicate that smaller individuals are actively excluded from calling sites.
Monitoring and Performance Analysis of Seed Sowing Using Photoelectric Sensing
Authors: Zhang Xinwei , Yi Kechuan
Published: September 2022

The seed sowing on-line monitoring system based on the principle of optical frequency conversion sensing is developed. The photoelectric flow sensor is used to design the photoelectric flow receiver and the photoelectric flow emitter. The system takes STM32F103ZET6 single chip microcomputer,
step-down chip LM2576, and voltage comparator LM393AD as the core. On this basis, the slot wheel transcendental rotation and fast supplemental seeding method is adopted, namely, real-time miss-seeding monitoring and supplemental seeding for seed sowing. The laser photoelectric sensor (PS)
is used to monitor miss-seeding. The Hall sensor is applied to monitor the rotation speed of the seeder in real time, and the corresponding supplemental seeding, speed monitoring, and miss-seeding monitoring modules are designed. When seed leakage occurs, the set light emitting diode (LED)
alarm module will inform the system that supplemental seeding is needed, and the module corresponds to the seeding channel. In the experiment, the miss-seeding rate was reduced from 3.8% to 0.5% after the system adopted the supplemental seeding module, that is, the mechanical seed sowing needs
supplemental seeding. Under the condition of automatic supplemental seeding, when the continuous missing seeds ≤3 and the time interval error ≤1.4%, the missing seeding rate ≤0.8%, so as to realize the non-deviation supplemental seeding. The accuracy of single seed monitoring is more
than 98%, and the accuracy of seed sowing monitoring is 94.7%, which means that the designed seed sowing monitoring system has high monitoring accuracy.
Absolute Photoelectric Encoder and Its Adoption in Fertilizing Corn Machinery in Ridge Planting
Authors: Sun Yerong , Yi Kechuan
Published: September 2022

Absolute photoelectric encoder has the advantages of output data only corresponding to one position, requiring absolute zero position, no need to search for zero position after power failure and restart, and no cumulative error. Firstly, the principle of the traditional absolute photoelectric
encoder is analyzed, and the matrix code plate is adopted to complete the production of the 16-bit absolute photoelectric encoder code plate, which reduces the volume of the high digit encoder. Then, K9 glass is chosen for the material of code plate and slit plate, which has good light transmittance
and can improve the precision of photoelectric encoder. Giving that that the performance of light source of photoelectric encoder directly determines the accuracy of photoelectric encoder, bullet SE2470 light-emitting diode is selected as the emitting light source. It has a beam angle of 18
degrees and a large operating temperature range, supporting the working wavelength of 880 nm. The receiving light source is set as the bullet photosensitive triode SD2440, which has low power consumption, with 48 degrees of receiving angle, can be directly mounted to the double-sided PCB board.
Finally, the designed absolute photoelectric encoder is used in the ridge corn mechanical fertilization system, and the system controller adjusts the opening of proportional valve through the motor speed signal fed back by the photoelectric encoder. In the experiment, the absolute photoelectric
encoder is tested with the help of serial debugging assistant. When the encoder does not rotate the serial port, the output data of the assistant does not change. When the encoder rotates, the result change after receiving a lot of data due to the high baud rate. The error of each fertilization
tube in the mechanical fertilization system of ridge planting corn is less than 3%, the coefficient of variation is less than 0.05, and thus the economic benefit of fertilization is improved.
Photoelectric Properties of Titanium Dioxide/Graphene Quantum Dots Semiconductor Material and its Computer Simulation
Authors: Li Ying
Published: September 2022

As an excellent inorganic semi-conductor material, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is widely applied in some photo-induced hardware designs. The energy gap with 3.0 eV to 3.2 eV enables TiO2to respond only to the incident light of ultraviolet band, while TiO2can’t effectively utilize visible light. Therefore, TiO2needs to be modified to reduce the overall energy gap. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) is adopted to modify TiO2and further made into photoelectrode hardware devices. In this case, the energy gap of GQDs is measured by cyclic voltammetry, and it reaches only 1.18 eV. GQDs can directly absorb visible light photons and then transform them into electrons. After that, electrons are transmitted into TiO2conduction band (CB) to form photocurrents. In the experiment, computers are utilized in simulation to change reaction conditions. The photoelectric properties of the materials adopted to prepare GQDs-TiO2devices are different. Compared with single anatase or rutile type TiO2, mixed crystal TiO2possesses better photoelectric property as photo-anode material. In the prepared semi-conductor device (GQDs-TiO2), the nitrogen content in the composition of GQDs is increased to further enhance the photoelectric property of devices. The change of the wavelength of incident light shows that the photons between 430 nm and 476 nm wavebands and in the wavebands above 526 nm can effectively enhance photocurrents. The introduction of GQDs reduces the energy gap of prepared photoelectric devices and enabled the prepared devices to respond to high-wavelength photons. GQDs-TiO2photoelectrode devices with 3 times nitrogen content show the best photoelectric enhancement effects at 750 °C.
Identification of Railway Power Supply Voltage Sag Source Using Optical Fiber Voltage Sensor
Authors: Zhang Suxin
Published: September 2022

With the construction of the smart grid and the continuous improvement of voltage levels, the traditional voltage sensor can no longer meet the development needs of the modern power system. There is an urgent need for a new high-quality voltage sensor to replace it. Aiming at the problems of complex structure, difficult adjustment, poor temperature stability, large optical power loss and inconvenient voltage introduction of the existing optical fiber voltage sensor, an optical fiber voltage sensor based on full polarization state detection without polarizer and analyzer is proposed. The sensor only contains three main components: Grin Lens, BGO crystal and total reflection mirror. It has few devices, simple structure and easy alignment. Moreover, the polarization state evolution and high voltage on the transmission line of Pockels effect of BGO crystal are analyzed. The voltage sag simulation model of the electrified railway is established. The sample data of different disturbance sources are obtained with the assistance of the designed optical fiber voltage sensor. S-transformation and Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks are introduced and combined with the prototype of electrified railway power quality detection and analysis device to identify voltage sag sources. The designed optical fiber voltage sensor is suspended. There is no electrode or grounding on the sensor, which saves expensive insulators and increases the sensor’s measuring range. The sensor has a good linear relationship in the power frequency AC voltage range of 0~10 kV at room temperature. It is proved that the design is effective. The working condition analysis of the actual railway power supply reveals that it can detect the voltage sag amplitude and disturbance time, and identify the type of voltage sag disturbance source.
Analysis of Characteristics of the Magnetic Field in Demagnetization Fault for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Authors: Yang Guo-Long
Published: September 2022

To demagnetization fault for permanent magnet synchronous motor, referring to the 96-slot 32-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor, set up motor model using finite element software, and the demagnetization fault of single magnetic steel and double magnetic steel in the motor were
simulated and analyzed. The motor flux-density waveforms on different kinds of demagnetization fault were analyzed for the flux-density wave-form periodic trends and volatility in different numbers of magnets or different demagnetization rates. The motor flux-density component path diagram
on different kinds of demagnetization fault were analyzed to get radial-tangential flux-density path diagram to analyze regular of path diagram distribution. The air gap flux-density waveform is analyzed by finite element software on different kinds of demagnetization fault, which fourier
analysis is used to analyze each harmonic frequency and its weight, and the rule of change of harmonic between the normal condition and under the condition of demagnetization fault is compared. The simulation of tooth electromagnetic force density waveform curves and harmonics for different
demagnetization faults is used to analyze its effect on the vibration. The results concerning permanent magnet motor of demagnetization fault lays the foundation of motor fault tolerance analysis and characteristic analysis.
A Tunable Multi-Mode Dual-Band Terahertz Polarization Converter
Authors: Geng Di , Wang Yurong , Huang Haofeng , Tian Xinyi , Zhang Zhongqiang , Ma Aning
Published: September 2022

The polarization conversion of electromagnetic waves plays a crucial role in practical application. Here, a tunable multi-mode dual-band high-efficiency and reflection-type polarization converter based on liquid crystal (LC) in the terahertz region is proposed. It is composed of periodic unit structures, each unit of which is constituted by the designed structure, LC mixture and fully reflected gold mirror. It numerically reveals that in the operating bandwidth 1.03–1.53 and 1.27–1.86 THz corresponding to the refractive index of LC mixtureñoandñe, the converter can convert linear-polarized and circular-polarized waves to its corresponding cross-polarizations, whose polarization conversion ratio is larger than 90%. Meanwhile, the proposed converter can realize the conversion from linear-polarized wave to circular-polarized one in dual-band, 1.10–1.25 and 1.92–2.2 THz or 0.93–1.04 and 1.57–1.88 THz corresponding toñoandñewith axis ratio lower than 3 dB. The insensibility of incident angle is analyzed as well. In addition, the physical mechanism of the polarization conversion is disclosed. The ultra-thin and compactness characteristic of this designed polarization converter are very attractive for a variety of applications in EM measurement, sensing, terahertz technology and 6G communication.
Exploring the Electro-Thermal Properties of Chromium Silicon Monoxide Films and Its Possible Storage Applications
Authors: Wen Jing , Hua Wei , Gong QingKun , Wang Bing
Published: September 2022

Chromium silicon monoxide has received considerable interest due to its applications as resistor. To deeply explore the key factors that determine the electro-thermal properties of chromium silicon monoxide films, a variety of chromium silicon monoxide films were prepared on glass and silicon substrates for different deposition conditions. The electrical resistivities of the chromium silicon monoxide films were found to strongly depend on the film thickness, atomic proportion of silicon oxide, and annealing temperature, and reducing the atomic proportion of silicon oxide can effectively suppress its resistivity variation for different temperature. In this case, choosing smaller atomic proportion of silicon oxide can greatly enhance the life stability of the chromium silicon oxide films. Based on the measured data, a chromium silicon monoxide film with the optimized thickness, electrical resistivity, and thermal conductivity, are fabricated, and its influence on the physical performances of the electrical memory is also assessed.
Digital Circuit Performance Evaluation of Parallel Gated Junctionless Field Effect Transistor
Authors: Raibaruah Apurba Kumar , Deva Sarma Kaushik Chandra
Published: September 2022

This paper reports the modeling and performance enhancement of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) inverters using parallel-gated junctionless field-effect transistors (PGJLFET). A mathematical model for different parameters, namely, low and high input voltage, low and high output voltage, noise margin, rise time, fall time, propagation delay, and power dissipation of the inverter circuit was established. To establish the model for various parameters, potential models at the source-channel boundary and the potential at the drain-channel boundary are considered. The variations in the voltage transfer characteristics of the output current with respect to the input voltage and the power dissipation with respect to the input voltage for steady-state conditions and transient states were investigated for different gate dielectrics, gap lengths, and gate oxide thicknesses. The models were validated by comparing them with technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation results. The noise margin, rise time, fall time, and propagation delay of the PGJLFET-based inverter are estimated and compared with those of a conventional junctionless transistor. It has been observed that the PGJLFET exhibits an improvement in the noise margin and propagation delay compared with conventional junctionless transistors.
Fabrication of Asymmetric Supercapacitor Device Based on Nickel Hydroxide Electrode-Graphene Assembly
Authors: Alrayzan Hajar Ibrahim , Ansari Sajid Ali , Parveen Nazish
Published: September 2022

Designing the active materials for the growth of the electrode for energy storage application is an important initiative to resolve energy storage-related issues. In this work, flower-like three-dimensional nickel hydroxide F3D-Ni(OH)2 active electrode materials were synthesized
through the simple hydrothermal process. The reaction factors such as different amount of nickel nitrate and urea were optimized during the reaction process. The synthesized materials were furthercharacterized in detail by several analytical techniques. The effect of the morphologies on the
electrochemical supercapacitive performance was also studied through cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge (galvanostatic) techniques which shows that the F3D-Ni(OH)2 exhibited specific capacitance of 1240.0 Fg−1 at the current density of 1.0 Ag−1
compared to the other fabricated electrodes. The asymmetric supercapacitor was also assembled using F3D-Ni(OH)2 electrode with graphene (F3D-Ni(OH)2//Gr) which delivered the specific capacitance of 100.0 Fg−1 at the current density of 1.0 Ag−1
and better stability retention up to 93.0% which is due to the porous structure and high surface area originated from the three-dimensional structure. The contained results of the F3D-Ni(OH)2 electrode in half cell assembly and asymmetric supercapacitor suggest that the as-prepared
active material could be the potential candidate for the energy storage application.
Electrochemical behavior of Zn–Co layered double hydroxide in supercapacitor with the assistance of theoretical calculation models
Authors: Yuan Yi , Sainin Mohd Shamrie , Cao Jinhui , Tang Lili , Yuan Haijun
Published: September 2022

A facile hydrothermal method was herein developed to synthesize two-dimensional (2D) zinc–cobalt layered double hydroxides (Zn–Co LDHs). Morphologies and components of 2D Zn–Co LDHs were analyzed by SEM, XPS, and XRD. The Zn–Co LDHs with nanoplates shape showed
a wide size distribution from 100–1000 nm and thin thickness from 12 nm to 20 nm. As applied in the supercapacitor electrode, the Zn–Co LDHs possessed a specific capacitance value of 618.2 F/g scanned at 4 A/g. Moreover, the Zn–Co LDHs also performed good charge-discharge
reversibility with an efficiency of 114.3% after 100 cycles. In addition, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the dominance of Co in the electrochemical behavior of Zn–Co LDHs.
Protective effect of liposomal nanoparticles-loaded with miR-499 antagonist on cardiomyocyte following acute myocardial infarction through suppression of CDC25A
Authors: Jiang Yuge , Han Xuemei , Liu Shanshan , Sun Wen , Xu Longhe , Yang Xue
Published: September 2022

Abnormal expression of miR-499 is related to progression of acute myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to explore the effect of liposomal nanoparticles carrying miR-499 antagonist on proliferation of cardiomyocytes and myocardial injury, to provide evidence for in-depth analysis
of pathogenesis. With 10 sham-operated rats as control group, 10 rats were induced MI. The cardiac function and myocardial tissue morphology were detected. Myocardial cells were transfected with liposomal nanoparticles (blank group), miR-499 agonist (agonist group), liposomal nanoparticles
carrying miR-499 agonist (carrier+antagonist group), or CDC25A activator and inhibitor. CDC25A, Akt, and mTOR expressions were determined in the myocardial cells upon treatments, as targeting relationships between miR-499 and CDC25A were detected by dualluciferase reporter gene assay. Myocardial
cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Myocardial infarction (MI) rats exhibited myocardial damage and had irregular cardiac function indexes, and oxidative stress indexes with inflammatory
cell infiltration and disordered myocardial architecture. miR-499 antagonist-loaded liposomal nanoparticles significantly elevated the ratio of viable cells, while cell viability was not altered in the other groups (P < 0.05). The miRNA-loaded nanomaterials induced decreased cell
apoptosis, and overexpression of miR-499 increased apoptosis (P < 0.05). The expressions of CDC25A, Akt and mTOR proteins were increased by presence of miR-499 antagonist-loaded liposomal nanoparticles. However, silencing of CDC25A induced decreased viability, while the ratio of
viable cells was increased in the CDC25A activator group (P < 0.05). There was a direct targeting relationship between miR-499 and CDC25A. It was found that Liposomal nanoparticles carrying miR-499 antagonist down-regulated the expression of CDC25A by down-regulating the expression
of miR-499 to activate the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and enhanced the cardiomyocyte proliferation following MI.
Panax notoginseng glycosides with astragaloside IV improve cerebral ischemic injury through autophagy-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Authors: Teng Xin , Luo Shuwen , Li Xuejie
Published: September 2022

Autophagy-NLRP3 pathway participates in cerebral ischemia injury. However, whether Panax notoginsenoside (PN) combined with astragaloside IV (A-IV) plays an anti-inflammatory role in cerebral ischemia injury remains unclear. SD rats were in this study divided into sham operation group,
model group, combination drug low-dose group (PN 40 mg/kg+ A-IV 14 mg/kg), medium dose group (80 mg/kg+ 28 mg/kg), high dose group (160 mg/kg+ 56 mg/kg), control group (propofol 4–6 mg/kg) followed by analysis of cerebral ischemia injury and PINK1/Parkin
signaling. The model group presented increased infarct volume and NLRP3 level compared to drug and sham operation group. However, the higher the dose, the smaller was the infarct volume and lower NLRP3 expression (P < 0.05). LC3-II/LC3-I ratio increased with ischemia injury, while
the ratios of P62, COX4 II and TomM20 were contrary. P62 presented declined level in treatment group compared to model group (P < 0.05). P62, COX4 II and TOMM20 levels were lower in the high-dose group and higher in the P62 group (P < 0.01). After 3-MA and mdivi-1 intervention,
NLRP3-related pathway, LC3-II/LC3-I and P62 abundance in mitochondria were highest in the model group with downregulated COX4 II and TOMM20. The neurological deficit score and infarct volume were highest in the model group and improved in medium dose group. The cerebral infarction volume and
neurological deficit score were elevated in the drug group combined with 3-MA and MIDIV-1 (P < 0.05). The higher the dose was, the lower were the expressions of PINK and Parkin (P < 0.01). In conclusion, Panax notoginsenoside combined with astragaloside IV effectively alleviated
cerebral ischemia injury in rats and improved mitochondrial autophagy by inhibiting inflammasome activation.
Controlling thermal radiation in 1D bodies made from lithium niobates or liquid crystals
Authors: Yang Ruoxi , Wu Ye , Zhu Jia , Li Zongan
Published: September 2022

Thermal radiation of one-dimensional bodies is theoretically investigated. Null-gap and zero-index are found to impact photon gas. Thermal parameters of thermal radiation energy, photon gas pressure, specific heat, equilibrium number and entropy are controllable via manipulation of
optical parameters and geometry. When thickness or refractive index augments, the thermal radiation energy associated with 1D bodies holding null-photonic-gap first suppresses and then enhances. It is interesting to see the negative thermal radiation energy, which illustrates the absorption
of thermal energy. Furthermore, the photon gas pressure, the entropy, the specific heat and the equilibrium number are all suppressed by increasing the refractive index or layer thickness ratio. The thermal radiation along with zero-refractive-index can be blocked in these bodies with specific
design of photonic parameters. This implies new application of 1D bodies for fabrication of novel functional photonic devices.
Preparation of single crystal triangular selenium nanostructures and photoelectric properties
Authors: Liu Hao , Fan Li , Wei Qichen , Song Haizeng , Zhu Hongliang , Hu Mengdi , Yan Shancheng
Published: September 2022

Anisotropic growth of selenium leads to formation of one-dimensional structure of selenium, and reaction conditions mostly determine the morphology of products. In this study, one-dimensional selenium materials were prepared directly from selenium powder by microwave-assisted method.
Selenium nanotubes and selenium nanorods were synthesized by adjusting the ratio of ethylene glycol to water. The as-prepared products were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence
spectroscopy and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and their electrical properties were also tested. Results from High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), SAED and XRD patterns showed that the prepared selenium nanotubes had good single crystal microstructure, and its possible
growth direction of t-se nanotubes was 001. The selenium nanotubes had strong light response compared with dark condition under 650 nm laser irradiation. We hope that the selenium nanotubes will have a better development prospect in the direction of semiconductor devices.
Between private matters and public engagement: Conflicted partisan fighters in the resistance novels of Vittorini and Fenoglio
Authors: Biffanti Daniele
Published: September 2022

In this article I explore the representation of partisan fighters provided by Elio Vittorini and Beppe Fenoglio in their novels Uomini e no (1945) and Una questione privata (1963), through the lens of Hannah Arendt's reflection on totalitarianism’s exploitation of the weakened boundaries between public and private, and on partisans’ reappropriation of the public realm during the Resistance struggle. I argue that partisan characters Enne 2 and Milton display the psychological burden derived from their choice to engage in the public realm, and from the subsequent necessity to act and use violence in order to pursue the goal of Liberation from totalitarianism. Basing these literary figures on their own engagement in the Resistenza, Vittorini and Fenoglio offer a counterargument to Arendt's claim that the private becomes a sad and opaque dimension for those who reappropriated the public – their paper partisans experience the unbearable weight deriving from public engagement, and struggle with a desire to find refuge, respectively, in their personal and interior dimensions.
How and when leader mindfulness influences team member interpersonal behavior: Evidence from a quasi-field experiment and a field survey
Authors: Ni Dan , Zheng Xiaoming , Liang Lindie H
Published: September 2022

Although studies have verified the beneficial effects of individual mindfulness in the workplace, the knowledge of how leader mindfulness crosses over to team members’ interpersonal behavior via affective-related mechanisms as well as when leader mindfulness is ineffective remains limited. Based on motivated empathy theory and the mindfulness literature, this research develops a model in which leader mindfulness enhances leader empathic concern, thereby improving team members’ empathic concern and, in turn, increasing their interpersonal organizational citizenship behavior and decreasing their interpersonal counterproductive work behavior. When workplace hindrance stressors within a team are lower (vs higher), the effect of leader mindfulness on leader empathic concern becomes ineffective. We tested this model using two studies: (1) a quasi-field experiment in which 72 front-line leaders were assigned to either a mindfulness intervention condition or a waitlist control condition and (2) a three-wave, time-lagged survey using a sample of 84 leaders and 697 members. Both studies provide consistent support for our hypotheses.
A framework for physics-driven generation of feature data for strain-based damage detection in aerospace sandwich structures
Authors: Bergmayr Thomas , Höll Simon , Kralovec Christoph , Schagerl Martin
Published: September 2022

In recent years, structural health monitoring has been increasingly applied to composite sandwich structures, as typically used in aerospace applications. In addition, machine learning approaches are increasingly popular for damage detection, localization and size estimation, due to their great advantages in pattern recognition and anomaly detection. However, a major disadvantage of machine learning techniques is that these algorithms generally require large amounts of realistic data. In general, these data are expensive or even impossible to obtain within a feasible time. In order to overcome this hindrance, this work introduces a computationally inexpensive framework for physics-driven feature generation of strain data for the training of ML-based SHM methods using sub-structuring and the concept of reanalysis. First, the global FE model is subdivided into a monitored part, i.e., a smaller submodel, and a global model. Second, the stiffness matrix of the submodel is extracted from the finite element software. Then, static condensation is performed to further reduce the computational effort. Afterwards, selected eigenvectors are derived in terms of displacements of master nodes and the corresponding strains are calculated. Finally, a statistically varied linear combination between the different characteristic eigenvector load cases is performed based on the superposition principle. This procedure enables the efficient generation of a large number of different physics-driven determined strain solutions for a subsequent training of a ML algorithms. The proposed framework is evaluated by means of a damage detection approach, based on an artificial neuronal network classifier algorithm. The applied approach utilizes strain measurements from selected positions as physical quantity and is demonstrated using a composite sandwich structure imitating an aircraft spoiler. The key principle of the damage detection algorithm is based on the fact that a change in the relationship between sensors indicates the presence of damage. Additionally, to the numerical healthy strains resulting from the framework, synthetically generated damage data are used for training the neuronal network classifier. The synthetic data are obtained by statistical modifications of the healthy strains, to avoid time-consuming and expensive damage simulations. The feature generation framework and health monitoring approach are validated using experiments and numerical simulations of a glass fiber reinforced polymer sandwich structure with a hole considered as damage. The presented numerical and the experimental results clearly show the high potential for the efficient approach for damage detection in a sandwich structure.
Manufacturing of prestressed glass fiber reinforced polymer rebars and effect of fiber pretension on durability of rebars after conditioning in alkaline solution
Authors: Mohamed Mahmoud , Ning Haibin , Pillay Selvum
Published: September 2022

Applying specific amount of fiber pretension during the manufacturing process of the composite rebars would potentially enhance their performance and durability. In this study, five sets of lab-scale prestressed glass fiber/vinyl-ester composite rebars were fabricated. Each set was manufactured using unique amount of fiber pretension. A set of unprestressed composite rebar was prepared as well. The effect of fiber pretension on the microstructure, tensile properties and long-term durability of rebars was investigated. In addition, the performance of the prestressed composite rebars was compared to composite rebars currently available in the market. An improvement in fiber alignment and a reduction in void content were observed within the pretensioned rebars. The composite rebars fabricated with pretension of 30 MPa showed the maximum increase in tensile properties. The guaranteed tensile strength and average tensile modulus were improved by 7.5% and 2.6%, respectively, compared to the unprestressed counterpart. The prestressed rebars showed relatively less surface degradation and lower moisture absorption after conditioning in alkaline solution at 60°C for 90 days. After conditioning, the tensile properties of the prestressed composite rebars showed superiority over the unprestressed rebar. Comparing to composite rebars available in the market, the prestressed composite rebars prepared in this study showed high performance in both short-term and long-term use.
Nonproliferation Information and Attitude Change: Evidence From South Korea
Authors: Son Sangyong , Park Jong Hee
Published: September 2022

What explains the foreign policy gap between elites and the general public on nuclear proliferation? We investigate specific contexts in which experts’ nonproliferation information changes public attitudes toward nuclear weapons development using a novel attitude change experiment. By randomly assigning seven categories of nonproliferation information to pro-armament survey participants, we examine how different types of nonproliferation information affect pro-armament respondents’ opinions and behavioral choices. The results of our experiment demonstrate the enlightening effect of economic sanctions information. After learning about the economic costs and consequences of nuclear weapons development, pro-armament respondents substantially changed their opinion as well as behaviors toward nuclear proliferation. In comparison to economic sanctions information, other types of nonproliferation information (e.g. conditional military punishment, normative sanctions, nuclear technology sanctions, elite or public opposition to proliferation) have limited effects on pro-armament subjects’ attitude changes. These findings are the first to identify the relative explanatory powers of previous explanations for nuclear nonproliferation at the individual level.
Heads, Seekers, Psychonauts, and One-Timers: Patterns in Stories of Psychedelic Consumption
Authors: Brooks Dollar Cindy
Published: September 2022

Psychedelics are psychoactive substances that alter ordinary states of consciousness. The U.S. criminalized ingestion of these drugs approximately 60 years ago and use remains punishable by law. Prior to this time, the substances were differentially declared spiritual sacraments, medicines, and/or party drugs. (Auto)Ethnographies and other research often indicate psychedelic-induced experiences as remarkably personal, necessitating subjective interpretation. Empirical studies exploring patterns across psychedelic encounters are rare, but among the few that exist, users tend to be identified as either pursuing psycho-spiritual enlightenment or self-indulgent amusement. The present paper utilizes narratives collected through 37 in-depth interviews with adults from diverse social backgrounds who report a history of psychedelic consumption in non-clinical settings. The data suggest a potential 4-part categorization based on five factors: named forms of psychedelic substances used, reported frequency of psychedelic ingestions, stated reasons for consumption and desistance, self-imposed rules surrounding use, and descriptions of drug effects and experiences.
Societal Spillovers of TV Advertising: Social Distancing During a Public Health Crisis
Authors: Ghosh Dastidar Ayan , Sunder Sarang , Shah Denish
Published: September 2022

Can TV advertising affect societal outcomes beyond traditional marketing outcomes such as sales and brand awareness? The authors address this question in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic by analyzing daily advertising and mobility data for 2,194 counties across 204 designated market areas in the United States. By employing a border identification strategy that exploits discontinuities across television markets, the authors find a significant positive causal relationship between TV ads from brands containing COVID-19 narratives and people's social distancing behavior, while controlling for government policy interventions (e.g., shelter-in-place, mask mandates). The estimated effects are almost 11 times larger in counties without government policy interventions compared with counties with policy interventions. Notably, while the overall impact of government ads on social distancing behavior is nonsignificant, the effect becomes significantly negative (positive) in the presence (absence) of policy interventions. The results are robust to alternative model specifications, variable operationalizations, and other data considerations. The findings underscore the critical role that spillover effects from brand-sponsored TV ads can play during major public crises, including mitigating the lack of local governments' policy interventions. The findings bear substantive implications for managers and policy makers regarding how advertising strategies may help improve public health outcomes or advance social good.
The Effect of Emergency Nurses’ Psychological Resilience on Their Thanatophobic Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kartal Mert , Kapikiran Gurkan , Karakas Nese
Published: September 2022

Purpose

This study analyzed the effect of emergency nurses’ psychological resilience on their thanatophobic behaviors.

Methods

The research was conducted with 156 emergency nurses. In the data collection process, the Socio-Demographic Information Form, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Thanatophobia Scale were used.

Results

It was found that emergency nurses had medium-level psychological resilience and high-level thanatophobia. Besides, it was discerned that there was a moderate negative relationship between psychological resilience and thanatophobia (r:−.643, p: 0.000). Lastly, as per the simple linear regression analysis, it was identified that the predictor variable of psychological resilience accounted for 40.9% of the variance in the predicted variable of thanatophobia ( R2:.409, p: 0.000).

Practice Implications

Emergency nurses, who are faced with many negative situations, need to have a high level of psychological resilience in order to get out of the mental state brought by negative conditions as soon as possible, and it is recommended to carry out applications to increase psychological resilience.
Reliabilities of the Two-Point Discrimination Test and the Two-Point Estimation Test for Use in the Lumbar Spine Area in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Jakub Koterba , Oskar Saulicz , Mariola Saulicz , Damian Sikora , Edward Saulicz
Published: September 2022

Two-point discrimination (TPD) testing and two-point estimation (TPE) methods are often used to determine tactile acuity, but their reliability is uncertain. Our aim in this study was to assess the reliability of TPD and TPE measurements in the same lumbar spine region of healthy young adults. Participants were 37 young adults (16 females and 21 males; age range: 20–27 years – M age = 21.65, SD = 1.9), who received two tests (TPD and TPE) to determine their tactile acuity. The tests were performed in the lumbar spine area, at the level of the L3 segment, bilaterally, with a 10-minute interval between the measurements. The first test session assessed the reliability of measurements performed by two examiners (inter-rater reliability); and, after 7 days, another examiner repeated the measurements (intra-rater reliability). The reliability of both tests was evaluated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), and results revealed high intra-rater, and inter-rater repeatability for immediate administration of TPD and TPE tests (i.e, after 10 minutes) and moderate repeatability when they were performed at a 7-day interval. Thus, we confirmed high reliability of TPD and TPE assessments of tactile acuity repeated at a short time interval and moderate reliability after 7 days. There was slightly higher reliability for the TPE method.
Optimal design and numerical analysis of multi-field coupling in a screw pump under wet gas compression
Authors: Zhang Xuejing , Yang Junhu , Wang Li , Ma Chong , Han Wei , Gong Yubing
Published: September 2022

During on-site operation under wet gas compression, the volumetric efficiency of a twin-screw pump decreases sharply, the temperature in the pump rises significantly, severe vibration and even jamming can occur. To solve the problems caused by wet gas compression structurally, a method for optimizing the design of a decompression screw is proposed in this paper based on the characteristics of a twin-screw pump and screw compressor. A fluid–solid multi-field thermal-coupling scheme is used to calculate the pressure, temperature, deformation, outflow, and volumetric efficiency of a screw pump before and after optimization. The average deviation between the calculated outflow and the experimental results was no more than 5%, demonstrating the accuracy of the calculation. After optimization, the return flow between the pump stages was significantly reduced and the outflow had increased. When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet was 1 MPa, the maximum increase was about 18%. With an increase of the gas volume fraction from 95% to 99%, the average increase of the volumetric efficiency was about 14%. The temperature rise in the chambers at all levels and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the decompression screw pump were lower than those of a traditional screw pump. The deformations at the three clearances were also less than those of a traditional screw pump, which helps to avoid jamming caused by thermal expansion.