bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Significant Aspects of Effective Guidance and Counselling that Promote Excellent Academic Achievement in rural Secondary schools of Vhembe district, South Africa
Authors: Muluvhu-Malanga K
Published: February 2025

Objective:  Guidance & counselling is an enterprise used globally and in SA as a strategy to promote excellent academic performance of learners. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is not given enough attention regardless that some schools continue to underperform below the national set standards of perfomance. The purpose of this project study was to investigate, ‘The significant aspects of effective guidance and counselling that promote excellent academic achievement in rural Secondary Schools of Vhembe District, South Africa.
 
Theoretical Framework: This study was informed by the role of the teacher as a leader. According to Ma and Marion (2021) the teacher promotes academic achievement in South African rural schools. The guidance and counselling teacher in this role is seen as the catalyst for change, a visionary who is not content with the status quo and always looking for a better way of doing things. Guidance and counselling teachers serve the purpose of exposing different learning opportunities for learners in rural schools and fellow educators.
 
Method: Convergence design was used; mixed methods approach purposive sampling procedure was followed to select participants who were interviewed telephonically, and questionnaires were distributed physically to the respondents.
 
Results and Discussion: Results showed that Life Orientation teachers and curriculum advisors teachers (participants) agreed that guidance and counselling is an enterprise that promotes learners’ performance. The study concludes that if guidance and counselling is implemented effectively the performance of learners in rural areas will improve.
 
Research Implications: The study recommends that the department should promote the implementation of guidance and counselling by reviewing areas of guidance and counselling that need to be strengthened in rural areas.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to literature by highlighting the imperative aspects of guidance and counselling which promome excellent academic achievement.
PERAN PROJECT SUPPORT OFFICER UNTUK PROYEK POWER PLANT 1.060 MW DENGAN MAIN KONTRAKTOR PERUSAHAAN CHINA DI KABUPATEN BULUNGAN KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Lubis Taslim , Sakti Wahyu Indra
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the successful leadership of the project support officer for the 1,060 MW power plant project in North Kalimantan, Bulungan Regency and analyze how these factors can influence the successful leadership role of the project support officer for the 1,060 MW power plant project in North Kalimantan, Regency. Bulungan. There are two benefits to this research, the theoretical benefit, it can provide information about key success factors that influence the leadership of project support officers in working with the main contractor of Chinese companies. It is hoped that the practical benefits will provide a general overview of the sustainability of the 1,060 MW power plant project in North Kalimantan. Quantitative research method with survey method. The location of the research object is the 1,060 MW Power Plant Project in North Kalimantan, located in the Kalimantan Industrial Park Indonesia (KIPI) Bulungan Regency. The results of this research are 10 key leadership factors and 10 project support officer factors, both of which have a very important role in the success of the 1,060 MW power plant project in North Kalimantan, Bulungan Regency.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap sukses kepemimpinan project support officer proyek power plant 1.060 MW di Kalimantan Utara Kabupaten Bulungan dan menganalisis bagaimana faktor-faktor tersebut dapat mempengaruhi peran sukses kepemimpinan project support officer proyek power plant 1.060 MW di Kalimantan Utara Kabupaten Bulungan. Ada dua manfaat penelitian ini manfaat teoritis, dapat memberikan informasi tentang key success factor yang mempengaruhi kepemimpinan project support officer dalam bekerja sama dengan main contractor perusahaan China. Manfaat praktis, diharapkan bisa menjadi gambaran umum keberlanjutan proyek power plant 1.060 MW di Kalimantan Utara. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Lokasi objek penelitian yaitu di Proyek Power Plant 1.060 MW berada di Kalimantan Utara berlokasi di Kalimantan Industrial Park Indonesia (KIPI) Kabupaten Bulungan. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat 10 faktor kunci kepemimpinan dan 10 faktor project support officer dimana keduanya memiliki peran yang sangat penting untuk kesuksesan proyek power plant 1.060 MW di Kalimantan Utara Kabupaten Bulungan.
ESTIMASI KEBUTUHAN MATERIAL BETON STRUKTUR DAN BESI TULANGAN DENGAN METODE REGRESI MULTILINIER
Authors: Renata Reven , Oei Fuk Jin
Published: February 2025

Cost calculation in the early stages of project are the estimates made at the earliest when the project owner needs to understand the possible costs that will be incurred when the project is built. An estimator in the early stages of planning often has little information regarding the project and little time to prepare it, causing the estimate to be less precise and require more effort to carry out. One way to get a more precise estimate is firstly to calculate the material requirements then multiply it with its unit price rate. Multiple linear regression analysis is used as a method to obtain a model for estimating the need for structural concrete and steel rebar. The estimation results are then compared with the actual results to obtain the MAER value for structural concrete and steel rebar. The data processed is in the form of a project dataset of seven hospital projects which drawings are equivalent to Detail Engineering Design (DED) or For Tender documents, and Bill of Quantity (BoQ) documents which calculations of structural concrete and steel rebar have been recapitulated manually by the Quantity Surveyor (QS) consultant company. It was found that the MAER for structural concrete and steel rebar respectively are 22.38 and 28.91. This MAER value can be accepted as a budget estimate in PMBOK.
Abstrak
Perhitungan biaya di tahap awal perencanaan proyek merupakan suatu estimasi yang dilakukan paling awal pada saat pemilik proyek perlu memahami kemungkinan biaya yang akan dikeluarkan pada saat proyeknya dibangun. Seorang ahli estimasi pada tahap awal perencanaan seringkali memiliki sedikit informasi mengenai proyek dan sedikit waktu untuk mempersiapkannya sehingga menyebabkan estimasinya menjadi kurang tepat dan membutuhkan usaha lebih untuk mengerjakannya. Cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk memperoleh estimasi biaya yang lebih tepat adalah dengan menghitung kebutuhan materialnya terlebih dahulu lalu dikalikan dengan harga satuan pekerjaannya. Analisis regresi multilinier dijadikan sebagai metode untuk memperoleh model estimasi kebutuhan beton struktur dan besi tulangan. Hasil estimasinya lalu dibandingkan dengan nilai aktualnya sehingga didapatkan nilai MAER untuk kebutuhan beton struktur dan besi tulangan. Data yang diolah berupa dataset proyek sebanyak tujuh proyek rumah sakit yang gambarnya setara dengan Detail Engineering Design (DED) atau dokumen For Tender, dan dokumen Bill of Quantity (BoQ) yang perhitungan kebutuhan material beton struktur dan besi tulangannya telah direkapitulasi oleh konsultan Quantity Surveyor (QS) secara manual. Hasil perhitungan diperoleh nilai MAER untuk kebutuhan beton struktur dan besi tulangan sebesar 22,38 dan 28,91. Nilai MAER ini dapat diterima sebagai budget estimate dalam PMBOK.
ANALISA KINERJA JALUR PEDESTRIAN DI JALAN RAYA UBUD
Authors: Kariyana I Made , Pamungkas Tri Hayatining , Putra Gede Surya Dwija , Diana Anita Intan Nura
Published: February 2025

Desa Ubud is a favorite tourist destination, therefore the pedestrian pathway needs to be carefully considered. Specifically, the pedestrian pathway along Jl. Raya Ubud which has a high volume of pedestrian activity, with the left side of the pathway being narrow due to obstacles such as electrical poles. On the other hand, the right side of the pathway is clear and spacious. This research aims to evaluate the level of service on both sides of Jl. Raya Ubud's pedestrian pathway. A quantitative descriptive method was used, following the guidelines of the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 2000, with observations and surveys conducted during busy morning (06.00-08.00), noon (11.00-13.00), and evening (16.00-18.00) hours. The analysis revealed that the left side of the pathway had a Level Of Service (LOS) of A in the morning, B in the afternoon, and C in the evening, while the right side maintained an LOS of A throughout. It is recommended that coordination between the Directorate General of Highways and the State Electricity Company be improved to address obstacles on the left side of the pedestrian pathway in Ubud Village.
Abstrak
Desa Ubud merupakan tujuan wisata favorit, oleh karena itu jalur pejalan kaki perlu diperhatikan dengan baik. Khususnya jalur pejalan kaki di sepanjang Jalan Raya Ubud yang memiliki volume aktivitas pejalan kaki yang tinggi, dengan sisi kiri jalur yang sempit karena adanya penghalang seperti tiang listrik. Di sisi lain, sisi kanan jalur tersebut bersih dan luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pelayanan pada kedua sisi jalur pejalan kaki di Jalan Raya Ubud. Metode deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan, mengikuti pedoman Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 2000, dengan pengamatan dan survei yang dilakukan pada jam-jam sibuk pagi hari (06.00-08.00), siang hari (11.00-13.00), dan sore hari (16.00-18.00). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sisi kiri jalan memiliki tingkat pelayanan (LOS) A pada pagi hari, B pada siang hari, dan C pada sore hari, sedangkan sisi kanan jalan memiliki LOS A sepanjang hari. Direkomendasikan agar koordinasi antara Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga dan Perusahaan Listrik Negara ditingkatkan untuk mengatasi hambatan di sisi kiri jalur pejalan kaki di Desa Ubud.
ANALISIS BIAYA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS MENGGUNAKAN METODA GROSS OUTPUT DI JALAN TABATOKI KABUPATEN POSO
Authors: Lawodi Yulisnawati , Bangguna David , Tangkeallo Marthen M , Abulebu Henny I , Lamusu Rahman , Pandoyu Ebelhart O , Bansambua Elce M
Published: February 2025

Poso Regency is a strategically important traffic junction in Central Sulawesi as it connects roads from north to south and from west to east of the island of Sulawesi. All vehicles passing through Poso Regency will pass through Tabatoki Road. Along Tabatoki Road, there are public facilities such as places of worship, gas stations, shops, restaurants, schools, sub-district offices, military bases, residential houses, and intersections. The purpose of this study is to analyze the accident rate using the gross output method and describe the collision diagram and the location of black spots on Tabatoki Road, Poso Regency. The analysis results conclude that the average accident rate of fatalities decreased by 20.38%, severe injuries increased by 11.56%, and minor injuries increased by 11.70%. BSKOj (2023) for fatalities is Rp. 75,903,521, for severe injuries Rp. 75,903,521, and for minor injuries Rp. 1,518,070. The causes of accidents on Tabatoki Road are parking vehicles on part of the road causing side obstacles, vehicles queuing at the gas station occupying the road, and the slope at the intersection blocking the driver's visibility.
Aprendizagem Significativa na resolução de problemas
Authors: Sousa Paloma Mota Mateus de , Lima Régia  Chacon Pessoa de , Teles Vania de Lourdes das Graças
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar e aplicar uma sequência didática com aporte na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa (TAS) de David Ausubel. Participaram da pesquisa 20 estudantes da 2ª série do Ensino Médio, de uma escola estadual do município de Boa Vista-RR. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram utilizados: diagnóstico inicial, avaliação complementar aplicada após a aula de experimentação por resoluções de problemas, e avaliação final, para identificação de indícios da aprendizagem significativa. Além disso, foi aplicado um questionário para os alunos avaliarem a metodologia empregada para o estudo das soluções. O diagnóstico inicial mostrou que a maioria dos estudantes não possui subsunçores satisfatórios, sendo necessário o uso de organizadores prévios para organização do conhecimento e problematização. As avaliações, complementar e final, mostraram que houve um melhor nível de compreensão do conteúdo de soluções, com evidências de aprendizagem significativa.  E a maioria dos estudantes avaliou a metodologia como ótima ou boa na abordagem do tema. Neste sentido, a sequência didática elaborada para o estudo das soluções no ensino médio apresentou-se como uma boa proposta para articulação da experimentação aliada a resoluções de problemas com ênfase na aprendizagem significativa.
Estratégias Funcionais de Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth em diferentes fitofisionomias na savana do Estado do Amapá, Brasil.
Authors: Coelho Eduarda , Matos Darley , Costa Neto Salustiano
Published: February 2025

The savannahs of the state of Amapá have tree species with great economic potential, widely distributed in a mosaic formed by different phytophysiognomies. In this study, differences in functional strategies among individuals of the species Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth were analyzed in order to understand the different combinations of functional traits exhibited by tree-shrub individuals across the environmental gradient present in a savannah of the state of Amapá. Four leaf functional traits and the maximum height were measured in each individual with diameter above the ground ≥ 5 cm within 24 500-m² plots distributed in three phytophysiognomies: savannah sensu stricto, ‘campo sujo’ (shrub-savannah), and rupestrian savannah. Functional traits of 198 individuals were sampled. Significant differences in the set of functional traits were found among the three phytophysiognomies. Individuals from the rupestrian savannah exhibited a strategy of greater leaf productivity, while those in savannah sensu stricto and ‘campo sujo’ exhibited a strategy of greater conservation of resources. Furthermore, there was a secondary strategy related to leaf size, with more conservative individuals with larger leaves predominating in ‘campo sujo’, and more photosynthetically productive individuals with larger leaves predominating in the rupestrian savannah. It is concluded that the rupestrian savannah can be considered a strategic area for the sustainable management of the studied species.
Fatores relacionados ao internamento na primeira infância em um Hospital Terciário de Fortaleza, Ceará
Authors: Nunes Rebeca , Silva Virna , Cavalcante Francisco
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: the morbidity profile in early childhood is considered an indicator of the quality of basic health care. it is believed that patients with failed pediatric follow-up are more vulnerable, at greater risk for repeat hospitalizations and for preventable conditions.
OBJECTIVE: to study the risk factors associated with hospitalization in early childhood at the Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin -Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
METHODS: observational cross-sectional study with data collected using a form applied to children aged 1 month to 5 years.
RESULTS: The sample consisted of 100 children, of which 38% reported some chronic illness. 10% were classified as intermediate hospitalization and 59% as prolonged hospitalization. There was a statistically significant correlation between length of stay and the following variables: male gender, first child, contact with animals, passive smoking, difficulty with breastfeeding, previous comorbidities, surgical procedure and supplementation. The main organ system affected was the respiratory system (54%), with pneumonia being the most prevalent diagnosis.
DISCUSSION: The majority of patients were on their first hospitalization. Performing a surgical procedure during hospitalization may correspond to greater severity of the condition. The vaccination rate found was low when compared to expected. More than half of patients did not have a routine consultation with a trained health professional.
CONCLUSION: In this study we managed to raise the suspicion that patients who undergo a surgical procedure in a pediatric clinical ward tend to have prolonged hospitalization. Furthermore, use of vitamin D and contact with domestic animals were related to protective factors for intermediate hospitalizations.
Conhecimento das necessidades e da satisfação dos familiares de pacientes admitidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e Pediátrica de um hospital do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Marcon Lidia , Michels Karla
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The Neonatal and Pediatric ICU is reserved for highly complex care. The family needs of hospitalized patients, when not met satisfactorily, can intensify their suffering. The objective of the study was to understand the needs in relation to comfort, safety, proximity, information and support of family members of patients admitted to the Neonatal and Pediatric ICU and their satisfaction in relation to such services provided by it. Method: observational study with a descriptive design. The population was made up of family members of patients admitted to the unit from March to August 2020 and their needs were investigated through the application of the Inventory of Needs and Stressors of Family Members in Intensive Care (INEFTI). Results: Of the 71 family members participating in the research, 59.1% did not have knowledge about the clinical diagnosis of their relatives. The needs considered most important are related to Security and Information. The least important ones are Support and Comfort. The needs for greatest satisfaction are related to Safety and Proximity to the patient. The least satisfied with Support and Comfort. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the medical team be accessible and understanding and that they provide complete information to family members about the patients admission diagnosis, as well as the causes and consequences of the disease
Biología reproductiva de Euterpe oleracea Mart., palma con alto valor nutricional para las comunidades del Pacífico colombiano.
Authors: Borja Renteria Jhoniel Javier , Ledezma Rentería Eva , Copete Juan C.
Published: February 2025

Euterpe oleracea (naidí, murrapo o Açai) es una especie de palma que posee frutos oleaginosos con alto valor nutricional, su comercialización como pulpa constituye una fuente de ingreso económico para algunos pobladores en el sur del Pacífico colombiano. La pulpa contiene proteínas, minerales (calcio, magnesio, potasio, manganeso, cobre, níquel, boro, cromo) y vitaminas (B1, B6). Sin embargo, su aprovechamiento en el norte del Pacífico es limitado. Con la finalidad de conocer el estado de las poblaciones de esta  especie en bosques inundables del Chocó, se estudió una población en el municipio de Quibdó desde octubre de 2022 hasta octubre de 2023. Se evaluó la biología floral, éxito reproductivo y eficiencia reproductiva (N=30 individuos). Se registró el número de raquilas por inflorescencias y la cantidad de flores masculinas y femeninas presentes en cada raquila, el éxito reproductivo se registró mediante la relación total de flores producidas por inflorescencias y la cantidad de frutos que se desarrollaron. El naidí es monoica con flores masculinas y femeninas en la misma inflorescencia, pero se desarrollan primero las masculinas (9-12 días) y luego las femeninas (9 días). Presenta flores en las raquilas en tríadas en la parte proximal y en díadas hacia la apical. La palma naidí produce entre 3±1 inflorescencias (1,4 ± 0,8 SD n=30). Su floración y fructificación se da durante todo el año. Cada inflorescencia produce 119,6 ± 19,27 SD (n=30) raquilas y con un total aproximado 1395,4 ± 241,7 SD (n=30) flores masculinas y 698,5 ±1207 SD (n=30) femeninas. Además, cada racimo produce en promedio 1287,7 ± 421,8 SD (n=30) frutos. Aquellos individuos con una mayor cantidad de flores también producen más frutos. Esta relación positiva presenta una gran variabilidad individual, con algunos individuos que exhiben un alto éxito reproductivo (60 %). En conjunto, la población evaluada tiene un alto éxito reproductivo promedio. Las palmas en la población mostraron una alta eficiencia reproductiva. La producción promedio fue de 1421,34 flores por inflorescencia con alto rendimiento de frutos (promedio de 1287,7 frutos). La tasa de abortos fue baja (entre 0,34 y 1,36), lo que indica que las palmas son eficientes en la producción de frutos. La notable alta significativa producción de frutos registrada, convierten al naidí de la localidad de estudio en un producto forestal no maderable con oportunidad para su aprovechamiento sostenible.
AVALIAÇÃO DA TOXICIDADE DÉRMICA DE UM GEL FITOTERÁPICO DE COPAÍBA (Copaifera duckei DWYER)
Authors: Marinho Daliane Ferreira , Silva de Sousa Davi , Feitosa Érica da Silva Nascimento , Campos Ana Shizue Odane Rodrigues , Maia Flávia Vitaline Coelho , Marinho Eliane Ferreira , Morini Adriana Caroprezo
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a toxicidade dérmica do gel fitoterápico com oleorresina (OR) de Copaifera duckei Dwyer (C. duckei). Métodos: Foram produzidos géis fitoterápicos com OR de C. duckei nas concentrações 25%, 50% e 75%, para os testes de toxicidade dérmica e além destes a forma “in natura” foi testada. Os testes de toxicidade dérmica aguda e cumulativa foram realizados segundo os protocolos da OECD/OCDE 404 e 410 adaptados, a amostra foi composta por ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus,) da linhagem Wistar, sendo 39 fêmeas com idade superior a 60 dias. Resultados: Os dados coletados receberam tratamento estatístico pelo software BioEstat 5.3. Os resultados encontrados revelaram que os géis testados não foram irritantes para a pele em uma única aplicação, no entanto foram irritantes nas concentrações 75% e 50% após 21 dias consecutivos de utilização e na forma “in natura” após quatro aplicações. Conclusões: Bem como provocaram alterações hematológicas nessas mesmas concentrações. Foi possível assim conhecer os níveis de toxicidade dérmica da formulação em gel do OR de C. duckei.
WELL-BEING OF DIVORCED SINGLE MOTHER BASED ON PERMA THEORY
Authors: Vania Astrid , Partasari Wieka Dyah
Published: February 2025

Ibu tunggal yang bercerai di Indonesia menghadapi banyak tantangan, termasuk beradaptasi dengan kehidupan setelah perceraian, mencari nafkah, membesarkan anak sendirian, dan menghadapi stigma masyarakat. Faktor-faktor ini sering menyebabkan kesejahteraan yang buruk dan masalah-masalah psikologis. Studi ini mengeksplorasi kesejahteraan para ibu tunggal yang bercerai melalui sudut pandang teori PERMA. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan deskriptif, studi ini melibatkan empat partisipan yang memenuhi kriteria berikut: (1) resmi bercerai selama minimal satu tahun, (2) orang tua yang memiliki hak asuh anak di bawah usia 18 tahun, dan (3) bekerja. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa para ibu tunggal yang bercerai umumnya menunjukkan kesejahteraan yang baik. Hal ini ditunjukkan melalui emosi yang positif, keterlibatan dalam kegiatan keagamaan dan komunitas, hubungan yang kuat, rasa memiliki tujuan, dan tekad untuk mencapai tujuan. Faktor-faktor utama yang mendukung kesejahteraan meliputi kepribadian yang ceria, optimis, dan tangguh, dukungan sosial dari keluarga dan teman, dan keyakinan akan pertolongan Ilahi. Para partisipan juga memandang perceraian sebagai pengalaman belajar yang mendorong pertumbuhan pribadi dan keluarga.
A correlation study of arterial stiffness with P300 event-related potential in non-haemodialytic and haemodialytic chronic kidney disease patients of renal origin
Authors: Aswin P. R. , Kannan Balakrishnan , Panda Sandip Kumar , Nanda Pranati , Kar Manisha
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with hypertension. The renal micro-vessels are vulnerable to the pulsatile nature of systemic pressure leading to arterial stiffness, which may lead to progressive renal disease besides other mechanisms. The stiffened cerebral vasculatures may also cause neural injury. Thus, cognitive impairment is prevalent in CKD patients. However, very few studies have attempted to examine the association of arterial stiffness with P300 event-related potential (P3ERP) in CKD patients of primary renal disease in the Indian population, which forms the basis of the study.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-three age- and sex-matched non-haemodialytic and haemodialytic CKD patients were recruited in this cross-sectional and observational study. Montreal cognitive assessment questionnaire was applied to them to estimate global cognitive level. Peripheral and central blood pressure, augmentation index, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), heart rate and P300 ERP were recorded. Biochemical analysis of the serum was also done. Appropriate statistical tests were performed to compare the differences between the variables of the two groups. Spearman’s Correlation test was performed to examine the relationship between vascular parameters and P300 ERP metrics.

Results:

Haemodialytic CKD patients exhibit early vascular ageing than non-haemodialytic CKD patients as evidenced by increased heart rate (P = 0.001) and higher central diastolic (P = 0.035) and peripheral diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.042). Although there was no significant difference in latency and amplitude of P300 ERP between the two groups, a significant positive association between baPWV and amplitude of P300 ERP was found. Moreover, higher serum phosphate (P = 0.021) and uric acid levels (P = 0.017) in haemodialytic patients promote vascular stiffening.

Conclusion:

It may be concluded that early vascular ageing in CKD patients occurs due to the interplay of multiple physiological factors, which finally perturb cerebral haemodynamics and are responsible for the cognitive impairment observed in these patients.
АНАЛИЗ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ЦУНАМИ НА БУХТУ НАГАЕВА МАГАДАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ВЫЗЫВАННЫХ СИЛЬНЫМИ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЯМИ В РАЙОНЕ КУРИЛЬСКИХ ОСТРОВОВ
Authors: КОСТЕНКО И С. , ЗАЙЦЕВ А И.
Published: February 2025

В работе представлены результаты численных расчетов распространения в акватории Охотского моря и проявления на его северном побережье в бухте Нагаева цунами от гипотетических очагов, расположенных вдоль тихоокеанского побережья Курильских островов. Выявлено, что в районе Тауйской губы, в которой расположена бухта Нагаева, происходит увеличение значений положительных амплитуд волн цунами от всех очагов по сравнению с окружающей акваторией. В бухте наибольшие значения высот волн отмечаются при расположении очагов цунами в районе ценртальных и южных Курильских островов. Анализ показал, что для северной части бухты Нагаева максимальные высоты заплесков волн цунами могут достигать 2,0 м, а скорости потоков - 1,6 м/с.

The paper presents the results of numerical calculations of the spread in the waters of the Sea of Okhotsk and the manifestation of a tsunami on its northern coast in Nagaev Bay from hypothetical foci located along the Pacific coast of the Kuril Islands. It was revealed that in the area of the Tauiskaya Bay, in which Nagaev Bay is located, there is an increase in the values of positive amplitudes of tsunami waves from all foci compared with the surrounding water area. In the bay, the highest values of wave heights are noted when tsunami foci are located in the area of the central and southern Kuril Islands. The analysis showed that for the northern part of Nagaev Bay, the maximum heights of tsunami wave surges can reach 2.0 m, andflow velocities - 1.6 m/s
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННАЯ И ВРЕМЕННАЯ НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЬ СНЕЖНОГО ПОКРОВА В СМЕШАННОМ И ТЕМНОХВОЙНОМ ЛЕСУ И В ПОЛЕ
Authors: КАЗАКОВА Е Н. , КОНДРАШОВА Е С.
Published: February 2025

В работе рассмотрена изменчивость параметров снежного покрова в течение зимнего сезона в разных ландшафтах -смешанном лесу, поле и темнохвойном лесу на трех площадках, расположенных в окрестностях г. Южно-Сахалинск. В ходе наблюдений с периодичностью раз в неделю измеряли среднюю высоту снежного покрова, плотность по слоям, определяли структуру каждого слоя и средний диаметр кристаллов. По данным о плотности и высоте снежного покрова был рассчитан снегозапас. Установлено, что между параметрами снежного покрова в смешанном лесу, поле и темнохвойном лесу, нет четкой зависимости, позволяющей вывести коэффициенты для корректировки значений, определенных в одном типе ландшафта, для другого типа для малоизученных территорий. Разница в значениях различных параметров снежного покрова в лесу и поле заметно увеличивается в периоды оттепелей и метелей. Применение при расчетах для различных изысканий данных о снежном покрове, полученных на метеостанциях, расположенных даже на относительно небольшом расстоянии от исследуемой территории, приводит к значительным погрешностям. То же справедливо и для использования наблюдений, проводимых в разных ландшафтах даже на участках, расположенных на одной высоте и на небольшом удалении друг от друга.

The paper examines the variability of snow cover parameters during the winter season in different landscapes - mixed forest, field and dark coniferous forest at three sites located in the vicinity of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. During observations, the average height of snow cover, density by layers were measured once a week, the structure of each layer and the average diameter of crystals were determined. Based on the density and height of snow cover, snow reserve was calculated. It was found that there is no clear relationship between the parameters of snow cover in mixed forest, field and dark coniferous forest, which allows deriving coefficients for adjusting the values determined in one type of landscape for another type for poorly studied territories. The difference in the values of various parameters of snow cover in the forest and field increases significantly during thaws and snowstorms. The use of snow cover data obtained at meteorological stations located even at a relatively small distance from the study area in calculations for various surveys leads to significant errors. The same is true for the use of observations conducted in different landscapes, even in areas located at the same altitude and at a small distance from each other.
МОДЕЛЬ ОБОБЩЕННОГО ГАЗА
Authors: ФЕДОТОВ П В.
Published: February 2025

Анализ применяемых в термодинамике уравнений и методов термодинамических расчетов показал, что в термодинамике используются два метода расчета энтропии газов: метод парциальных давлений (метод Дальтона) для смесей газов и метод парциальных объемов (метод Авогадро) для чистых газов. На основании этого показано, что причина появления парадокса Гиббса в методике расчетов энтропии для газовых смесей, в применении расчетов по закону Дальтона. При вычислении энтропии газовых смесей методом Авогадро, парадокс Гиббса исчезает. Анализ энтропии идеального газа показывает, что частицы идеального газа взаимодействуют друг с другом, предположительно посредством поля идеальных частиц. Анализ применения модели идеального газа на практике показывает, что в настоящее время данная модель применяется нелегитимно, в условиях, когда давление газов не предполагает обязательное требование малых плотностей, заложенного в постулатах модели идеального газа. Для исправления ситуации предложена модель обобщенного газа, постулаты которой распространены на любые давления (плотности) газов, с условием использования уравнений идеального газа, с учетом потенциального взаимодействия частиц идеального газа.

An analysis of the equations and methods of thermodynamic calculations used in thermodynamics showed that two methods of calculating the entropy of gases are used in thermodynamics: the method ofpartial pressures (Dalton's method) for gas mixtures and the method of partial volumes (Avogadro's method) for pure gases. Based on this, it is shown that the reason for the appearance of the Gibbs paradox in the method of calculating entropy for gas mixtures is in the application of calculations according to Dalton's law. When calculating the entropy of gas mixtures using the Avogadro method, the Gibbs paradox disappears. An analysis of the application of the ideal gas model in practice shows that this model is currently used illegitimately, in conditions where the gas pressure does not imply the mandatory requirement of low densities, laid down in the postulates of the ideal gas model. To correct the situation, a generalized gas model is proposed, the postulates of which are extended to any pressure (density) of gases, with the condition of using the equations of an ideal gas, taking into account the potential interaction ofparticles of an ideal gas.
Single atom alloys 2.0: Exploiting undercoordination for stronger dissociative CH4 chemisorption
Authors: Maiti Debtanu , Harold Michael , Grabow Lars
Published: February 2025

Efficient C-H bond activation is key to low temperature methane oxidation in catalytic converters of natural gas-powered vehicles. Through ab initio calculations, we investigate the potential enhancement of dissociative CH₄ chemisorption on single atom doped (211) facets of Pt and Pd, the preferred platinum group metals (PGMs) for methane oxidation. Single atom doping at undercoordinated edge sites induces surface relaxation, leading to stronger methane dissociation energies due to dopant-induced expansive lattice strain. Conversely, geometrically restricted subsurface doping imposes compressive strain, resulting in weaker chemisorption energies. Our findings indicate that the d-band model fails to capture these strain-dominated activity trends at single-atom sites. Although subsurface sites are thermodynamically stable for single atom doping under inert conditions, we demonstrate that dopant segregation to exposed edge sites becomes more favorable when dissociated methane is chemisorbed on the surface. This study adds a new dimension to the design of single-atom alloy catalysts and encourages experimental efforts to synthesize edge-doped dilute single-atom PGM alloys for enhanced CH₄ activation.
Designing Molecular Qubits: Computational Insights into First-Row and Group 6 Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Sauza-de la Vega Arturo , Darù Andrea , Nofz Stephanie , Gagliardi Laura
Published: February 2025

The discovery of novel molecular systems for quantum information processing remains a major challenge for advancing molecular qubit technology. In the realm of optically addressable systems, a previously synthesized and characterized Cr(IV) pseudo-tetrahedral complex, featuring four strongly donating o-tolyl ligands surrounding the chromium center, has demonstrated potential as a qubit candidate. This study proposes analogs of this complex through a metal substitution strategy, extending the investigation to new complexes. The new metal centers were selected from first-row and Group 6 transition metals. Multiconfigurational methods such as the complete active space followed by second-order perturbation theory and multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory were utilized to calculate energy gaps between electronic states with different spins and zero-field splitting (ZFS). The results corroborate previous experimental findings for the Cr complex. Additionally, this study identifies a previously unsynthesized Ti(II) compound as a promising candidate for molecular qubits. This finding highlights the role of computational multireference methods in the rational design of qubit systems.
IR-Bot: an autonomous robotic system for real-time chemical mixture analysis via infrared spectroscopy and machine learning
Authors: Yue Xiaoyu , Song Tao , Cao Jiaqi , Zhang Xiaolong , Feng Shuo , Shang Weiwei , Jiang Jun , Chen Linjiang
Published: February 2025

Rapid and accurate quantification of chemical mixtures is vital in autonomous chemical experimentation, which can serve as real-time feedback that guides decision-making and reduces resource consumption. Here, we present IR-Bot, an intelligent system that integrates robotic automation, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, quantum chemical simulations, and machine learning (ML) to enable autonomous, real-time mixture analysis. The autonomy is driven by a newly developed large-language-model-based IR Agent, working alongside a multi-agent robotic system to orchestrate theoretical IR calculations, experimental data acquisition, and ML-driven interpretation. Central to IR-Bot is the Alignment-Prediction approach: experimental spectra are aligned with simulated references, and a pre-trained prediction model then provides composition estimates. This fusion of pre-training, alignment, and prediction yields accurate, interpretable results for both binary and ternary mixtures, as demonstrated via a Suzuki coupling reaction. Moreover, IR-Bot’s explainable ML framework uncovers the specific vibrational modes guiding its predictions, offering deeper insights into fundamental chemical behaviour. By enabling rapid, reliable, and autonomous composition analysis, IR-Bot paves the way for a new generation of data-driven laboratory workflows capable of dynamic decision-making and real-time modification of experimental conditions.
Chemical Insights to the Electron Transfer from the Triplet Pair State in Singlet Fission Dimers
Authors: Chithra Sree , Pigot Corentin , Tonnelé Claire , Casanova David , Gray Victor
Published: February 2025

Photocatalytic production of H2 or hydrocarbons requires multiple electrons, necessitating the absorption of multiple photons and accumulation of photoexcited charges. Alternatively, multiexciton generation (MEG) could loosen this requirement. Despite intense studies of the MEG process singlet fission (SF) for solar cells, its use in photocatalysis has only recently been demonstrated. Here we provide chemical insights to the nature of the SF generated triplet pair state (1TT) with implications for electron transfer reactions from SF materials. We demonstrate that electron transfer from the 1TT state in a tetracene dimer can occur through two different mechanisms, depending on the energetically allowed pathways for electron transfer. This finding is crucial for designing SF dimers for solar cells and photoredox catalysis, as it emphasizes the importance of considering acceptor/donor redox potentials relative to the T1 energy.
Predicting the Ionic Conductivity and Obtaining Mechanistic Insights of Plasticized Solid Polymer Electrolytes Using a Data-Driven Approach
Authors: Shen Zhen-Nan , Bao Wenda , Dang Zhengzheng , Li He , Shang Rongliang , Hu Mengyu , Wang Yanming , Xie Jin , Qiao Bo
Published: February 2025

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are critical for the development of safe and high-performance solid-state lithium batteries powering the next generation of electric vehicles, drones, and robotics. To date, one of the major disadvantages of SPEs limiting their wide applications is the low ionic conductivity. The use of ionic liquid as plasticizers in SPEs has been demonstrated as a promising strategy to enhance the ionic conductivity of SPEs at room temperature while maintaining their safety features and mechanical properties. However, the optimization of plasticizers is largely intuition-based, without general design rules and predictive design strategies. Therefore, in this work, we developed a fast and low-cost data-driven workflow that advances the design and optimization of ionic liquid plasticizers for SPEs. Using this approach, we successfully identified a new plasticized SPE material that showed high ionic conductivity and superior cycling stability. Our data-driven model revealed important design factors correlated to highly effective plasticizers, providing insights into the conduction mechanism of plasticized SPEs. More importantly, we found that these key factors are transferrable and applicable in other plasticized SPEs beyond our dataset, highlighting the generality of the findings obtained by our data-driven approach.
Investigation of Mn-doping effects on the structural, morphological, thermal, and catalytic properties of Co3O 4 spinel nanoparticles towards CO oxidation
Authors: Daawe Daniel Manhouli , Fonzeu Monguen Cedric Karel , Kenmoe Stephane , Kouotou Mountapmbeme Patrick
Published: February 2025

This study reports the synthesis of three sets of high-performance Mn-doped Co3O4 porous nanocrystals (PNCs) (5%Mn@Co3O4, 10%Mn@Co3O4, and 15%Mn@Co3O4) using a simple chemical co-precipitation method. These catalysts were then applied to the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO). The investigation focused on the effects of Co2+ or Co3+ substitution by Mn2+ or Mn3+ within the Co3O4 matrix on various properties, including physiochemical characteristics, morphology, microstructure, reducibility, thermal stability, as well as their impact on catalytic performance. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including XRD, SEM, BET, XPS, H2-TPR, and DRIFT, were employed to elucidate the underlying factors responsible for effective CO oxidation. Compared to pure Mn3O4 and Co3O4, the Mn@Co3O4 PNCs catalyst exhibited a more controllable microstructure and a better dispersion of the active phase. The 5%Mn@Co3O4 catalyst demonstrated the highest activity, achieving 90% CO oxidation at 197 °C. This superior performance is attributed to its large specific surface area, excellent reduction capacity, and abundant oxygen species and vacancies. H2-TPR and XPS analysis provided further insights into the reaction mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that the formation of oxygen bulk vacancies is more favorable for when Mn dopants occupy Co2+ sites. Overall, the chemical co-precipitation method offers a straightforward and cost-effective approach for producing Mn@Co3O4 catalysts suitable for CO abatement in exhaust and flue gases
Decoding Hairpin Structure Stability in Lin28-mediated Repression
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Hu Limu , Cui Chang , Zang Min , Dong Hao , Ma Jing
Published: February 2025

Lin28 protein is well-known for its role in inhibiting biogenesis of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) that belong to the let-7 family. The Lin28 and let-7 axis is associated with several types of cancer. It is imperative to understand the underlying mechanism to treat these cancer in a more efficient way. In this study, we employed all-atom molecular dynamics simulation as research tool to investigate the interaction formed between Lin28 and precursor element of let-7d, one of the 12 members of the let-7 family. By constructing systems of intact sequence length of preE-let-7d, our simulations suggest that both the loop region of hairpin structure and GGAG sequence can form stable interactions with the CSD and ZKD region of the protein, respectively. The system with deleting the nucleotides GGAG at the 3' terminal indicates that the loop region is more responsible for its ability in bypassing the binding and repression of Lin28. Additionally, using let-7c-2, which can bypass Lin28 regulation, as a template, we constructed systems with mutated loop region sequences in miRNAs and tested their stabilities. Our simulations results coincide well with experimental observations. Based on both simulation results and statistical analysis from two databases, we hypothesized that two factors, namely, interaction between terminal nucleotides and ring tension originating from the middle nucleotides, can significantly influence their stabilities. Systems combining strong and weak terminal interactions with large and small ring tensions were recruited to validate our hypothesis. Our findings offer a new perspective and shed lights on strategies for design sequences to regulate the interactions formed between proteins and hairpin structures.
Using citizen science Raspberry Shake seismometers to enhance earthquake location and characterization: a case study from Wellington, New Zealand
Authors: Hughes Bethany , Illsley-Kemp Finnigan , Mestel Eleanor , Townend John , Chandrakumar Chantujan , Prasanna Raj
Published: February 2025

The recent development of low-cost citizen seismometers has opened new avenues for earthquake analysis. We explore the integration of Raspberry Shake citizen seismometers with the national GeoNet seismic network to improve the precision of earthquake locations in Wellington, New Zealand. We use a dataset of 19 earthquakes between magnitudes 1.1 and 3.5 and between hypocentral distances of 22 km and 102 km. Our findings demonstrate that using Raspberry Shake seismometers in conjunction with the GeoNet network is effective for both the locating and characterisation of earthquakes. Notably, we find that precise station locations are less critical for precise earthquake location, a significant factor given that the publicly available Raspberry Shake locations are obfuscated to protect user privacy. These results suggest that, dependent on network geometry, citizen seismometer data can be a valuable tool in seismic monitoring and improve earthquake location capability, whilst remaining cost-effective.
El malestar ¿en qué cultura?
Authors: Carvajal Gutierrez Alberto Adhemar
Published: February 2025

En este texto se presenta una lectura situada de El malestar en la cultura a partir de la experiencia del autor, Alberto Carvajal, en un viaje por tres continentes. La lectura está examinada por los movimientos decoloniales, antirracistas, feministas críticos y antipatriarcales. De esta forma, se ubica el malestar del que habla Freud en una cultura y una sexualidad dada. Finalmente, se sostiene que la esperanza lanzada por Freud de un psicoanálisis comunitario solo podría ser posible si se reconoce al malestar producido por una cultura consolidada en los resabios de la época colonial, de la cual la mirada aguda freudiana no es sino una inadvertida, incluso defensora, etnografía.
El dilema de un mexicano moderno:
Authors: González Mendoza Luis Ernesto
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo tiene como misión demostrar cómo la poesía mexicana, en especial la de los años sesenta, trabajó no únicamente el problema de la identidad, sino, además, cómo se apropió del giro lingüístico en su estructura para responder a dicha pregunta; todo ello enmarcado bajo el concepto histórico de lo moderno. Para ello, primero se abordará la redefinición de la literatura mexicana tras la Revolución de 1910; después, se abordará la idea de Octavio Paz sobre modernidad y su relación con la poesía como un aparato crítico; y, al final, la exposición de los poemas de Ulalume González de León, para ahondar en cómo cuestiona y define el lenguaje y la identidad en su obra poética de 1968 y 1969.
Vida y acción. Aproximación filosófica y literaria a la vida como narración
Authors: Segura Peraita Carmen
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en el carácter narrativo de la existencia humana, al mostrar su vinculación con la acción, la libertad y la muerte. Comienzo tomando en consideración las aportaciones de Hannah Arendt en La condición humana, las de Isak Dinesen en Lejos de África y las de Aristóteles en la Poética. De ellas se deriva la necesidad metodológica y temática de abordar la muerte. Lo hago, además, con la perspectiva poética de Rilke. Este methodos hermenéutico permite obtener algunos resultados. 1) La acción humana jamás pierde su referencia al origen y al final, lo que garantiza la posibilidad de la propia identidad. 2) Por la acción, el ser humano se vincula con el fin, lo que da lugar a la historia personal. Asumir la muerte propiamente y no como límite posibilita una narración completa y unitaria.
Borges y el universo de “Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius” como caso extremo de la filosofía de Berkeley
Authors: Alfaro Carlos Victor
Published: February 2025

Robert Norton considera que la concepción de “alma bella” de Jakob Fries es similar a la esbozada por Hegel a través de su obra. Sin embargo, el autor de la Filosofía del Derecho no incluye explícitamente a Fries dentro del elenco de representantes del pensamiento del “alma bella”. Sostengo que su ausencia sólo puede explicarse porque el autor de Julius und Evagoras no poseía una noción de “alma bella” similar a la de Hegel.