bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the Effect of Severity Vertigo and Demographic Characteristic for Iraqi Patients
Authors: Zainab Sabah Rashid  , Ban Juma Abed
Published: January 2024

Background: Vertigo, an illusory sensation of self or environmental rotation is a common presentation to the emergency department, affecting approximately 20–30% of the general population. Despite its frequency, most clinicians find acute vertigo challenging. An easy way of approaching it is to have in mind the most common causes and to consider them all during history taking and examination. Patients and Methods:A cross-sectional study involved 150 adult participants, who complained of vertigo and attended the vertigo center in Baghdad Medical City, using a 25-item Vertigo Handicap Questionnaire. During period (February – June) 2020. Results of Current study showed no effect of vertigo in (17.9%) of patients in age group (20-29) years. The effect of vertigo is more severe in female (3.3%) than in male (1.8%), so vertigo is more severe in patients with primary education (6.5%) and Mild effect of vertigo is more in retired patients (71.0%), while moderate effect of vertigo as (50.0%) in students and (35.0%) in governmental employed patients. As well as vertigo is more severe in patients live in rural area, Patients who have duration of symptom less than one year have no effect of vertigo in (3.8%), and severe effect in (3.8%), Also patients who currently employed (9.0%) had slight or no effect of vertigo. Conclusion: There is no significant correlation found between the severity of the effect of vertigo and demographic characteristic of studied individuals. The vertigo handicap questionnaire may be a useful tool for screening patients, counseling, and charting treatment progress.
Role of Short Term Open Eye Orthok Lens Wear in Inducing Myopia Control Changes in Eyes with Moderate Myopia
Authors: Kulkarni Pancham1  , Bandamwar Kalika
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To assess peripheral refraction, corneal, and visual acuity changes after open eye use of orthokeratology (OrthoK) contact lenses. Methodology: OrthoK contact lenses were worn on separate occasions for half an hour and 2 hours in open eye condition. The peripheral refraction (PR) changes were assessed monocularly up to 30° nasally and temporally in the horizontal visual field using the open field autorefractometer. Average corneal power (ACP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and visual acuity (VA) was recorded using corneal topographer, specular microscope, and LogMAR chart respectively. Results: Mean baseline PR at 25° and beyond both nasally and temporally was -0.54 ± 1.68D (mean ± SD) which increased to mean -1.29 ± 1.43D (p < 0.01) post half an hour of lens wear and further increased to mean -1.62 ± 1.53D (p < 0.01) after 2 hours lens wear. The mean baseline ACP was 43.45 ± 1.34D that reduced to mean 43.11 ± 1.37D (p < 0.01) after half an hour of lens wear and a further reduction to mean 42.73 ± 1.34D (p < 0.01) 2 hours post lens wear. Mean CCT changes after half an hour lens wear were not significant but it reduced by mean 14.92 ± 4.68 µm (p < 0.01) 2 hours post lens wear as compared to baseline. The unaided VA improved from mean 0.85 + 0.37 log at baseline to mean 0.49 + 0.35 log (p < 0.01) after half an hour of lens wear and mean 0.39 + 0.35 log (p < 0.01) after 2 hours of OrthoK lens wear. Conclusion: Rapid corneal and peripheral refraction shifts are seen after half an hour of open-eye wear of the OrthoK lens with a gradual rise in impact for 2 hours of lens wear.
The Outcome of Limberg Flap Procedure in the Management of Primary Chronic Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Sinus Disease
Authors: Bashar Akram Al-Bayati  , Salah Salih Mohammed  , Mohamad Theyab Hamad
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus (PNS) is a common chronic benign disease of young agegroup, associated with morbidity, often with a prolong loss of normal activity. Still there is ongoingdebate regarding the best treatment option as all the methods have complications, although; the currentevidence supports the use of off- midline techniques because of lower recurrence rates and avoidanceof all disadvantages of open treatment.This study was done to determine the postoperative outcomeof rhomboid excision and Limberg flap reconstruction as a main procedure in the treatment of PNSdisease in our institute.Patients and Method: A prospective study conducted at the Department of General Surgery- BaqubaTeaching Hospital- Diyala- Iraq, from January 2017 to June 2019, in which 98 patients (78 male and20 female) with chronic primary sacrococcygeal PNS were enrolled. The age of the patients rangedbetween 16 – 38 years. Patients with acute abscess were first treated by incision and drainage beforedefinite surgery. Patients were operated by rhomboid excision and Limberg flap reconstruction.Results: In this study, 98 patients were enrolled, 78 male (79.59 %) and 20 female (20.4%) with maleto female ratio of 3.9:1. The age of the patients ranged between 16 to 38 years with the mean age of25 years. During the follow up period; 6 patients (6.12%) developed seroma, 4 patients (4.08%) hadinfection and 4 patients (4.08%) had recurrent sinus after few months and one patient (1.02%) hadwound disruption.Conclusion: Rhomboid excision and Limberg flap reconstruction of PNS diseaseis safe and reliabletechnique with low complication and recurrence rates if performed according to appropriate surgicalprinciples.
Effects of Increased Mitochondrial DNA Mutation on the Macrophage Response to Listeria Monocytogenes
Authors: Bondah Narda
Published: January 2024

Mitochondria are important for cellular function, and as cells divide, their mitochondria also divide by replicating their DNA. The integrity of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) replication, carried out by Polymerase G (PolG), is critical for the maintenance of mitochondria and their functions. In this study, mice carrying a mutant PolG, PolGD257A, were used to determine the effect of increased mtDNA mutations on the macrophage population and polarization in response to bacterial and cytokine challenge. It was hypothesized that increased mtDNA mutations will inhibit pathogen clearance by macrophages. To test this hypothesis, the PolGD257A mice were used, along with Listeria monocytogenes (LM) as a model of bacterial infection. Three days post LM infection, the bacterial load and the macrophage population was determined in the spleen and liver of PolGD257A and WT mice. No statistical difference was observed in the bacterial load in the liver or spleen, or in the macrophage population in the spleen of the PolGD257A and WT mice. However, the PolGD257A/D257A mice were associated with a higher percentage of macrophages in the liver during LM infection. Polarization of peritoneal macrophages into classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages was also studied in vitro. In a single experiment, increased mtDNA mutations in PolGD257A mice seemed to elicit increased M1 and decreased M2 macrophage polarization. Replication of the experiment is warranted to confirm these results. These experimental findings could lead to a better understanding of the role of the mitochondria and macrophages in infectious disease.
ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN METHODS OF DUST CONTROL ON QUARRY ROADS
Authors: Орлов Федор Александрович , Полушкина Татьяна Олеговна
Published: January 2024

Авторами приведен анализ основных методов борьбы с пылью на карьерных дорогах и влияние пыли на работников, занятых во вредных условиях труда. Рассмотрены основные факторы снижения пылеобразования на карьерных дорогах при добыче полезных ископаемых открытым способом.

The authors analyze the main methods of dust control on quarry roads and the impact of dust on workers employed in hazardous working conditions. The main factors of reduction of dust formation on quarry roads during open-pit mining are considered.
Two question-embedding strategies and answer-orientedness
Authors: Özyıldız Deniz , Uegaki Wataru
Published: January 2024

Japanese and Turkish attitude predicates combine with two main kinds of embedded clauses: Nominalizations, and clauses introduced by the morphemes to and diye. We describe their interrogative variants, showing that nominalizations give rise to answer-oriented inferences with responsive predicates (e.g., factivity, belief), but that diye/to interrogatives are question-oriented and entail that the attitude holder linguistically produces the interrogative. We propose a compositional fragment where attitude predicates take nominalizations as arguments, which they may impose semantic restrictions on, and where diye/to-clauses modify and enrich attitude meanings with a linguistic production inference.
Alternative comparison in underspecified degree operators
Authors: Li Ang
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes a new theory for the recurrent ambiguities between the meaning of comparison, additivity, and continuation (CAC) across languages. The theory has two pillars. One is a semantic reanalysis of CAC meanings. I will show that all three meanings can be cashed out via comparisons between alternatives, and that by doing so we can establish inherent logical connections between them. The second pillar is a de-compositional analysis of lexical items expressing CAC meanings (henceforth CAC operators), which makes use of their logical connections to derive the ambiguities as results of underspecification.
Are there “weak” definites in bare classifier languages?
Authors: Yip Ka-Fai , Banerjee Ushasi , Lee Margaret Chui Yi
Published: January 2024

This paper motivates a new view on the typology of definiteness that integrates (quasi-)names. The primary data is drawn from Cantonese and Bangla, where both bare classifier constructions and bare nominals are recruited for definite expressions. We argue that these bare nominals, while often analyzed as the so-called “weak”/unique definites in other languages, are indeed name-like expressions akin to the quasi-name Mom in English, in contrast with the definite descriptions denoted by bare classifier constructions. We propose that quasi-names, as well as proper names, are derived by a definite determiner that encodes a functional relation between the discourse participants and the referent. We further discuss cases where quasi-names compete with definite descriptions and proper names. The findings not only suggest that names should be brought into the picture, but also shed light on how pragmatic principles interact and determine the choice of referring expressions.
Semifactives in comparatives
Authors: Fleisher Nicholas
Published: January 2024

This is more complicated than I realized. How are we to understand the status of realize's complement in a sentence like this? What sort of relationship must this complement bear to its matrix environment, in light of realize's status as a cognitive factive or semifactive predicate (Kiparsky & Kiparsky 1970; Karttunen 1971)? Comparative constructions, I suggest, do much to illuminate the nature of semifactives and the semantic–pragmatic status of their clausal complements. Specifically, I propose that semifactives support graded awareness—knowledge of something less, but not more, than the full truth with respect to some question or issue—while requiring that their complement be informationally consistent with the matrix environment, rather than presupposed true. The picture that emerges fits naturally with pragmatic approaches to presupposition generation and projection (Beaver 2010; Simons, Beaver, Roberts & Tonhauser 2017; Degen & Tonhauser 2022) and depends on sensitivity to scalar polarity and orientation (Kennedy 2001).
Acts, occasions and multiplicatives: A mereotopological account
Authors: Wągiel Marcin
Published: January 2024

In this paper, I argue for the relevance of structured part-whole configurations in the domain of events. The evidence comes from the well-known event-internal/external distinction, which concerns mutliplicative adverbials quantifying either over separate occasions or occasion-internal acts, respectively  (e.g., Cusic 1981, Andrews 1983, Cinque 1999, Zhang 2017). In order to capture this distinction, I postulate that the relationship between the two categories is based on a part-whole relation. In particular, inspired by proposals advocating the role of eventive higher-order units (Landman 2006, Henderson 2017) and building on the theories of (Grimm 2012) and (Mazzola 2019), I propose to extend mereotopology to the domain of events. I argue that this allows for capturing acts as simplex events conceptualized as bounded integrated MSSC wholes, whereas occasions as clusters, i.e., temporally structured configurations, of such simplex events.
Commitments de lingua and assertoric commitments: the case of expressives
Authors: Hess Leopold , Bary Corien , Van Tiel Bob
Published: January 2024

This paper presents the results of two series of experimental studies concerning the interpretation of expressives (e.g., ‘the jerk’) and the sentences they occur in. While expressives are known for their strong speaker-orientation, Harris & Potts (2009) found that in the right context, i.e. when a different subject is introduced into the discourse as a reported speaker, it is possible to interpret the expressive from this subject’s perspective. In our first series of experiments we corroborated the systematic availability of non-speaker oriented readings of expressives, but we also found a strong correlation between the attribution of the expressive and that of the sentence content: participants who attribute the expressive to the subject rather than the speaker, also tend to attribute the sentence as a whole to the subject. In other words, shifted interpretations of expressives do occur, but tend to go hand-in-hand with a reportative reading of the sentence in which the expressive occurs. In our second series of experiments, we identified factors that influence such a reportative reading. Following Kaiser (2015), we found that when we made the subject more prominent as an anchor—by removing the reference to the actual speaker and by adjusting the tense to facilitate a free indirect discourse reading—the number of subject-oriented readings grew significantly. On the basis of these findings we argue for a pragmatic account in terms of commitment attribution with three constraints at work: (i) commitments de lingua for expressives need a salient anchor, (ii) commitments de lingua tend to be attributed in concert with assertoric commitments, and (iii) the main speaker is the most salient anchor by default. These three constraints jointly explain the observations in the experiments.
Simplifying the evidential condition on asking polar questions
Authors: Goodhue Daniel
Published: January 2024

In classic accounts of polar question semantics, positive polar questions like "Did Mo sing?", low negation questions like "Did Mo not sing?", and high negation questions like "Didn't Mo sing?" all denote the same set of answers: {that Mo sang, that Mo didn’t sing}. At the same time, it is well known that these three question types have different distributions. In particular, they have different requirements with respect to contextual evidence for the answers, the Evidential Condition on polar questions. Despite widespread discussion of this fact, no universally accepted explanation has emerged. In this paper, I make the novel argument that high negation questions do not have an Evidential Condition, and so only the conditions for positive and low negation questions need to be explained. I then argue that an explanation can be given based on general principles of markedness and information structure, even while maintaining a classic {p, not-p} semantics for both positive and low negation questions. I discuss ramifications for polar question semantics.
МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ НАУЧНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ, ПО МОНГОЛЬСКОМУ И ТЮРКСКОМУ ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЮ, ПОСВЯЩЕННАЯ ПАМЯТИ В.И. РАССАДИНА
Authors: Алишина Ханиса Чавдатовна
Published: January 2024

15–16 ноября 2022 г. на базе Бурятского государственного университета им. Д. Банзарова совместно с Калмыцким государственным университетом им. Б.Б. Городовикова прошла Международная научная конференция по монгольскому и тюркскому языкознанию, посвященная памяти Валентина Ивановича Рассадина, первого заведующего кафедрой филологии Центральной и Восточной Азии (ныне кафедра филологии Центральной Азии), отмечающей свое 30-летие. Организатором конференции выступила кафедра филологии Центральной Азии Восточного института Бурятского государственного университета им. Д. Банзарова.
Pendidikan Karakter Buddhis dalam Chanting Paritta dan Sutta
Authors: Lestari Puji
Published: January 2024

The issue of mental health has been increasingly prominent as various life pressures become more problematic. Character education can play an important role in improving mental health. By promoting positive values, attitudes, and behaviors, character education can help individuals develop the skills and resilience needed to cope with stress, overcome difficulties, and maintain good mental health. The character education that is the focus of this research is based on the tradition and values of religious teachings, namely the Buddhist tradition of chanting sutta and paritta. Through a descriptive study, this paper discusses the meaning of Buddhist chanting in character education, how chanting in the Buddhist tradition, especially Theravada, can play a role in character education. The meaning of this tradition is found in the implementation, methods, and obstacles encountered in the practice of reading sutta and paritta to embody Buddhist character.
The Roles of Family Strenghthening Children's Religious Characters
Authors: Tarmizi Tarmizi , Mitrohardjono Margono , Ramadhan Anwar Ilmar , Maryati  , Fajri Annur , Faizuddin Ahmad
Published: January 2024

This study aims to explore the roles of family in strengthening children's religious characters, particularly in Islamic perspective. A qualitative approach with descriptive analysis was used as the main methodology. The research was conducted by interviewing ten families of the students at Daarul Qur'an Boarding School, Tangerang, Indonesia. The results showed that family has a significant role in children's characters. The findings of this study revealed several factors stated by the parents, including their inability to guide, time constraints, and socio-economic status. The development or strengthening of the character of students in school will work well if the family or parents can play an active role in support. The end result desired through the active role of the family in character education for children, as expressed by the Ministry of National Education, is to become a human being who is faithful, pious, noble, tough, independent, creative, innovative, work ethic, loyal friends, and care about the environment can be accomplished well. Based on the interview sessions, all parents in this study agreed that they should have an active role in their family. In this case, parents have a very important role in the development and fostering of good character in their children. Among the roles of the family as expressed by the parents are as an educational institution for children, a source of love, motivation, and role models. Consequently, this study implies that the role of family in strengthening children’s characters should be in line with Islamic teaching as shown by the Prophet SAW through his good characters (akhlaq al-karimah).
Data-driven Modeling of a Coronal Magnetic Flux Rope: From Birth to Death
Authors: Guo J. H. , Ni Y. W. , Guo Y. , Xia C. , Schmieder B. , Poedts S. , Zhong Z. , Zhou Y. H. , Yu F. , Chen P. F.
Published: January 2024

Magnetic flux ropes are a bundle of twisted magnetic field lines produced by internal electric currents, which are responsible for solar eruptions and are the major drivers of geomagnetic storms. As such, it is crucial to develop a numerical model that can capture the entire evolution of a flux rope, from its birth to death, in order to predict whether adverse space weather events might occur or not. In this paper, we develop a data-driven modeling that combines a time-dependent magnetofrictional approach with a thermodynamic magnetohydrodynamic model. Our numerical modeling successfully reproduces the formation and confined eruption of an observed flux rope, and unveils the physical details behind the observations. Regarding the long-term evolution of the active region, our simulation results indicate that the flux cancellation due to collisional shearing plays a critical role in the formation of the flux rope, corresponding to a substantial increase in magnetic free energy and helicity. Regarding the eruption stage, the deformation of the flux rope during its eruption can cause an increase in the downward tension force, which suppresses it from further rising. This finding may shed light on why some torus-unstable flux ropes lead to failed eruptions after large-angle rotations. Moreover, we find that twisted fluxes can accumulate during confined eruptions, which would breed the subsequent eruptive flares.
Spectral and Jet Properties of the Quasi-thermal-dominated GRB 210121A, GRB 210610B, and GRB 221022B
Authors: Song Xin-Ying , Wang Ling-Jun , Zhang Shu
Published: January 2024

Some quasi-thermal (QT)-dominated gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) could be well described by a multicolor blackbody (mBB) function or a combined model of a BB plus a nonthermal (NT) component. In this analysis, two QT radiation-dominated bursts with known emission properties (GRB 210610B, likely from a hybrid jet, and GRB 210121A, with a spectrum consistent with nondissipative photospheric emission from a pure hot fireball) are used to make a comparison between these two models. To diagnose the magnetization properties of the central engine, the “top-down” approach proposed by Gao and Zhang is adopted. It is found that diagnoses based on these two models provide similar conclusions qualitatively; however, the model with mBB (or mBB+NT) may give more reasonable physical explanations. This implies that impacts from the GRB jet structure and geometrical broadening on the observed spectrum should be considered. However, conservatively, these methods may be not sensitive enough to distinguish between a pure hot fireball and a mildly magnetized hybrid jet. Some other information is necessary to provide more evidence when determining the jet properties for similar GRBs. Based on these considerations, we suggest that the photospheric emission of GRB 221022B is from a hot jet, where dissipation is caused by an internal shock mechanism due to the increasing Lorentz factor with time, which makes its prompt emission display typical evolution from thermal to NT.
On the Role of Alfvénic Fluctuations as Mediators of Coherence within Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections: Investigation of Multi-spacecraft Measurements at 1 au
Authors: Scolini Camilla , Lugaz Noé , Winslow Réka M. , Farrugia Charles J. , Magyar Norbert , Bacchini Fabio
Published: January 2024

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are defined as “coherent” if they are capable of responding to external perturbations in a collective manner. This implies that information must be able to propagate across ICME structures, and if this is not the case, single-point in situ measurements cannot be considered as indicative of global ICME properties. Here, we investigate the role of Alfvénic fluctuations (AFs) as mediators of ICME coherence. We consider multipoint magnetic field and plasma measurements of 10 ICMEs observed by the ACE and Wind spacecraft at 1 au at longitudinal separations of 0.5°–0.7°. For each event, we analyze the Alfvénicity in terms of the residual energy and cross helicity of fluctuations, and the coherence in terms of the magnetic correlation between Wind and ACE. We find that ∼65% and 90% of ICME sheaths and magnetic ejecta (MEs), respectively, present extended AFs covering at least 20% of the structure. Cross helicity suggests AFs of solar and interplanetary origin may coexist in the ICME population at 1 au. AFs are mainly concentrated downstream of shocks and in the back of MEs. The magnetic field is poorly correlated within sheaths, while the correlation decreases from the front to the back of the MEs for most magnetic field components. AFs are also associated with lower magnetic field correlations. This suggests either that ICME coherence is not mediated by Alfvén waves, implying that the coherence scale may be smaller than previously predicted, or that the magnetic field correlation is not a measure of coherence.
Are Radio Minihalos Confined by Cold Fronts in Galaxy Clusters? Minihalos and Large-scale Sloshing in A3444 and MS 1455.0+2232
Authors: Giacintucci S. , Venturi T. , Markevitch M. , Brunetti G. , Clarke T. E. , Kale R.
Published: January 2024

We present radio and X-ray studies of A3444 and MS1455.0+2232, two galaxy clusters with radio minihalos in their cool cores. A3444 is imaged using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 333, 607, and 1300 MHz and the Very Large Array at 1435 MHz. Most of the minihalo is contained within r < 120 kpc, but a fainter extension, stretching out to 380 kpc southwest of the center, is detected at 607 MHz. Using Chandra, we detect four X-ray sloshing cold fronts: three in the cool core at r = 60, 120, and 230 kpc, and a fourth one at r = 400 kpc—in the region of the southwestern radio extension—suggesting that the intracluster medium (ICM) is sloshing on a cluster-wide scale. The radio emission is contained within the envelope defined by these fronts. We also analyzed archival 383 MHz GMRT and Chandra observations of MS 1455.0+2232, which exhibits a known minihalo with its bright part delineated by cold fronts inside the cool core, but with a faint extension beyond the core. Similarly to A3444, we find a cold front at r ∼ 425 kpc, containing the radio emission. Thus the entire diffuse radio emission seen in these clusters appears to be related to large-scale sloshing of the ICM. The radio spectrum of the A3444 minihalo is a power law with a steep index α = 1.0 ± 0.1. The spectrum steepens with increasing distance from the center, as expected if the minihalo originates from reacceleration of relativistic particles by the sloshing-induced turbulence in the ICM.
The Effective Field Theory of Large-scale Structures of a Fuzzy Dark Matter Universe
Authors: Manouchehri Kousha Hamed , Hooshangi Sina , Abolhasani Aliakbar
Published: January 2024

Ultralight scalar fields and their noninteracting class, i.e., the so-called fuzzy dark matter (FDM), are dark matter candidates introduced to solve the small-scale problems of the standard cold dark matter. In this paper, we investigate whether the physics of FDM, particularly the quantum pressure that leads to the suppression of structure formation on small scales, could leave significant imprints on the large-scale statistics of matter fluctuations. For this purpose, we utilize the Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structures (EFT of LSS), wherein small-scale physics is integrated and represented on large scales by only a set of free parameters. These parameters can be determined by fitting them into the cosmological simulations. By fitting the EFT predictions to the simulation data, we determine the value of the speed of sound as a quantitative measure of how UV physics affects large-scale perturbation. We use the Gadget-2 code to study the evolution of 5123 particles in a box with a side length 250 h
−1 Mpc. We exploit the suppressed FDM initial power for the FDM universe and perform N-body simulation sufficient to produce accurate—enough for our purpose—results on large scales. In particular, we perform three FDM simulations with different masses and compare their sound speed with the standard cold dark matter (CDM) simulation. We found no difference between the FDM and CDM sound speeds beyond the confidence intervals. However, a consistently increasing trend can be seen in the sound speed for lower masses. This result suggests further investigations using higher-resolution simulations.
Uncovering a Massive z ∼ 7.7 Galaxy Hosting a Heavily Obscured Radio-loud Active Galactic Nucleus Candidate in COSMOS-Web
Authors: Lambrides Erini , Chiaberge Marco , Long Arianna S. , Liu Daizhong , Akins Hollis B. , Ptak Andrew F. , Andika Irham Taufik , Capetti Alessandro , Casey Caitlin M. , Champagne Jaclyn B. , Chworowsky Katherine , Clarke Tracy E. , Cooper Olivia R. , Ding Xuheng , Dong Dillon Z. , Faisst Andreas L. , Forman Jordan Y. , Franco Maximilien , Gillman Steven , Gozaliasl Ghassem , Hall Kirsten R. , Harish Santosh , Hayward Christopher C. , Hirschmann Michaela , Hutchison Taylor A. , Jahnke Knud , Jin Shuowen , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Kleiner Emma T. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kokorev Vasily , Manning Sinclaire M. , Martin Crystal L. , McKinney Jed , Norman Colin , Nyland Kristina , Onoue Masafusa , Robertson Brant E. , Shuntov Marko , Silverman John D. , Stiavelli Massimo , Trakhtenbrot Benny , Vardoulaki Eleni , Zavala Jorge A. , Allen Natalie , Ilbert Olivier , McCracken Henry Joy , Paquereau Louise , Rhodes Jason , Toft Sune
Published: January 2024

In this Letter, we report the discovery of the highest redshift, heavily obscured, radio-loud (RL) active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidate selected using JWST NIRCam/MIRI, mid-IR, submillimeter, and radio imaging in the COSMOS-Web field. Using multifrequency radio observations and mid-IR photometry, we identify a powerful, RL, growing supermassive black hole with significant spectral steepening of the radio spectral energy distribution (f
1.28 GHz ∼ 2 mJy, q
24 μm = −1.1, α
1.28−3 GHz = − 1.2, Δα = − 0.4). In conjunction with ALMA, deep ground-based observations, ancillary space-based data, and the unprecedented resolution and sensitivity of JWST, we find no evidence of AGN contribution to the UV/optical/near-infrared (NIR) data and thus infer heavy amounts of obscuration (N
H > 1023 cm−2). Using the wealth of deep UV to submillimeter photometric data, we report a singular solution photo-z of z
phot =

7.7

−
0.3

+
0.4

and estimate an extremely massive host galaxy

(
log

M

⋆

=
11.92
±
0.5

M

⊙

)

hosting a powerful, growing supermassive black hole​​​​​ (L
Bol = 4−12x × 1046 erg s−1). This source represents the farthest known obscured RL AGN candidate, and its level of obscuration aligns with the most representative but observationally scarce population of AGN at these epochs.
3 μm Phase Curves of Main-belt Asteroids from NEOWISE Photometry
Authors: Varakian Matthew , Chanover Nancy , Masiero Joseph , Oszkiewicz Dagmara
Published: January 2024

The shapes of asteroid phase curves are influenced by the physical properties of asteroid surfaces. The variation of an asteroid’s brightness as a function of the solar phase angle can tell us about surface properties such as grain size distribution, roughness, porosity, and composition. Phase curves are traditionally derived from photometric observations at visible wavelengths, but phase curves using infrared data can also provide useful information about an asteroid surface. Using photometric observations centered near ∼3.4 μm from the W1 band of the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer mission, we construct thermally and rotationally corrected infrared phase curves for a sample of main-belt asteroids, which includes asteroids observed by the AKARI satellite, as well as subsets of the Themis and Flora dynamical families. We calculate the linear slope of the phase curves as a measure of their shape and compare W1 phase slopes to band depths of absorption features associated with hydrated materials, spectral slopes, visible albedos, W1 albedos, and diameters. We observe a steepening of the W1 phase slope of C-type asteroids with increasing 2.7 μm band depth but little correlation between the phase slope and 3 μm band depth or 3 μm spectral slope. The C-types in our sample exhibit steeper average W1 phase slopes than M- or S-types, similar to visible-light phase slopes. We also observe steeper W1 phase slopes for smaller-diameter objects within the Themis family and explore comparisons to Jupiter-family comets in phase slope versus albedo space.
Evaluation of the diagnostic effectiveness of next generation sequencing in sepsis etiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Dong , Yang Yinghao , Xie Ying , Wang Jianrong , Xu Wensheng , Wang Junxue , Hang Xiaofeng
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Systematic evaluation of the diagnostic value of next generation sequencing (NGS) in sepsis etiology.
Methodology: We conducted a systematic search on four databases (Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase) and compiled diagnostic experiments using NGS to evaluate sepsis etiology. Two researchers conducted research and obtained data independently.
Results: Nine documents were included comprising 747 patients, 988 blood samples, 175 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, 16 cerebrospinal fluid samples, and one urine sample. The combined sensitivity of each study was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82-0.95). The combined specificity was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.25-0.55). The combined positive likelihood ratio was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.18-1.98). The combined negative likelihood ratio was 0.28 (95% CI: 0.11-0.48). The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 6.38 (95% CI: 2.53-15.32) and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.84, (95% CI: 0.62-0.94).
Conclusions: Based on the data we collected, we found that compared with the blood culture technology, NGS has the advantages of high sensitivity and wide detection range, but its specificity was low. Further study is needed to confirm the value of NGS in the etiological diagnosis of patients with sepsis.
Pneumonia caused by Sphingomonas paucimobilis infection after a dental intervention
Authors: Janković Jelena , Gajić Milija , Zečević Andrej , Milivojević Ivan , Buha Ivana
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Sphingomonas paucimobilis can be found in air, water systems, dialysis fluid, nebulizers and laboratory instruments in hospitals. Despite its low pathogenicity, it can cause severe infections.
Case report: A 54-year-old man presented with fever, cough and pain in the right hemithorax. The laboratory results showed elevated inflammatory parameters. Chest radiography showed right upper lobe pneumonia. Empiric antibiotic therapy (cephalosporin) was prescribed. On control examination chest radiography showed incomplete regression. Chest computer tomography (CT) finding was bronchopneumonia in the right upper lobe. Bacteriological examination of fiberaspirate revealed Sphingomonas paucimobils. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was prescribed based on the antibiogram. After two weeks the control laboratory analysis was normal. The patient was fully recovered.
Conclusions: Our patient had no comorbidities or malignancies, and no hospitalization in the recent past. He had a dental intervention 5 days prior to the onset of symptoms. We propose that it was an infection after the dental intervention.
A non-adaptive radiation of viviparous skinks from the seasonal tropics of India: Systematics of Subdoluseps (Squamata: Scincidae), with description of a new genus and five cryptic new species
Authors: Agarwal Ishan , Thackeray Tejas , Khandekar Akshay
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subdolusepsis a recently described genus of Lygosomine skinks distributed in peninsular India and Southeast Asia. We conduct the first revision of IndianSubdolusepsbased on range-wide sampling including 89 specimens from 33 localities. We use two mitochondrial and three nuclear markers, 58 morphological characters, and ecological data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of IndianSubdolusepsand assess their diversity and distribution, providing insights into lygosominin biogeography. We formally describe the Indian clade as a new genus,Dravidosepsgen. nov.and name five new species from Tamil Nadu, India in an integrative taxonomic framework –D. gingeeensissp. nov.,D. jawadhuensissp. nov.,D. kalakadensissp. nov.,D. srivilliputhurensissp. nov., andD. tamilnaduensissp. nov.. We transferRiopa goaensis,Subdoluseps pruthiandS. nilgiriensisto the new genus and designate neotypes for the former two. Members ofDravidosepsgen. nov.are the first known viviparous skinks from peninsular India and the only known viviparous lygosominins apart from a few species of east AfricanMochlus. The Lygosomini have a Southeast Asian origin and began diversifying in the Eocene with three dispersals between India and Southeast Asia. Species level diversification inDravidosepsgen. nov.was likely driven by a combination of niche conservatism, paleoclimate and past forest distribution. The discovery of a new genus and five new species reiterates the high levels of diversity and endemism present in peninsular India and how much more remains to be discovered.
Proceso constituyente en Chile: entrevista con el Profesor Jaime Arancibia
Authors: Garcia Larrain Bernard
Published: January 2024

Cet entretien propose une analyse du processus, actuellement en cours, de rédaction d’une nouvelle Constitution au Chili.
Stability and bifurcation analysis of a discrete Leslie predator-prey system via piecewise constant argument method
Authors: Aldosary Saud Fahad , Ahmed Rizwan
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to analyze the complex dynamics of a discrete-time predator-prey system by using the piecewise constant argument technique. The existence and stability of fixed points were examined. It was shown that the system experienced period-doubling (PD) and Neimark-Sacker (NS) bifurcations at the positive fixed point by using the center manifold and bifurcation theory. The management of the system's bifurcating and fluctuating behavior may be controlled via the use of feedback and hybrid control approaches. Both methods were effective in controlling bifurcation and chaos. Furthermore, we used numerical simulations to empirically validate our theoretical findings. The chaotic behaviors of the system were recognized through bifurcation diagrams and maximum Lyapunov exponent graphs. The stability of the positive fixed point within the optimal prey growth rate range $ A_1 < a < A_2 $ was highlighted by our observations. When the value of $ a $ falls below a certain threshold $ A_1 $, it becomes challenging to effectively sustain prey populations in the face of predation, thereby affecting the survival of predators. When the growth rate surpasses a specific threshold denoted as $ A_2 $, it initiates a phase of rapid expansion. Predators initially benefit from this phase because it supplies them with sufficient food. Subsequently, resource depletion could occur, potentially resulting in long-term consequences for populations of both the predator and prey. Therefore, a moderate amount of prey's growth rate was beneficial for both predator and prey populations.
Deep Learning-Based Prediction and Revenue Optimization for Online Platform User Journeys
Authors: Wang Tzu-Chien
Published: January 2024

In today's digital landscape, businesses must allocate online resources efficiently. Data-driven AI methods are increasingly adopted for customer journey management. This study enhances existing frameworks with three key propositions, integrating deep learning and optimization to create a three-step revenue optimization model using online customer data. First, we apply K-means clustering to analyze online user data, constructing a behavior model. Then, convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks predict user behavior and conversion values from sequential data. Finally, the heuristic algorithm optimizes revenue within budget constraints based on conversions. From an academic perspective, our study provides an empirical, theory-grounded model for service and marketing management. Technologically, we identify three key findings: stacking LSTM with CNN effectively processes sequential online user data, outperforming traditional machine learning methods; optimization methods and decision trees improve model interpretability and address marketing attribution challenges by understanding user behavior and channel impacts; and traditional integer programming models fall short in solving high-dimensional online channel planning problems, necessitating heuristic algorithms. Our model aids companies in setting online channel standards and budgets, offering valuable insights and practical guidance to decision-makers.
The impact of taxation on firm performance and risk: Evidence from Greece
Authors: Rompotis Gerasimos G.
Published: January 2024

In this paper, I examine the relationship of taxation with performance and risk with the usage of a sample of 76 non-financial companies traded on the Athens Stock Exchange. The period covered by my study spans from 2018 to 2022, while correlation and panel data analysis is conducted. Both financial performance and stock return are considered, while risk concerns the volatility of the companies' share prices. The explanatory variables used concern figures reported both in the balance sheet and the profit and loss statement and include net deferred tax, deferred tax asset, deferred tax liability, total tax expense/revenue, income tax, and deferred tax expense/revenue. The empirical results reveal a positive relationship of financial performance with net deferred tax, total tax expense/revenue, income tax and deferred tax expense/revenue. Moreover, deferred tax asset is found to affect financial performance in a negative fashion, while deferred tax liability bears a positive influence on financial performance. The opposite relationships with deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability are detected in the case of stock return and risk. Finally, evidence of a negative relationship of total tax and income tax with stock risk is obtained.
Los caminos compartidos del tacto y el sonido hacia la emoción: Evidencias neurocientíficas actuales
Authors: García López Álvaro , Lucía Mulas María José , Ruiz Mezcua Belén , Sánchez Pena José Manuel
Published: January 2024

La característica más representativa de la música es su capacidad de generar emoción. Pero ¿por qué la música emociona? En este artículo mostramos los conocimientos actuales de la teoría musical y la neurociencia que intentan explicar las relaciones que existen entre la música y las emociones. En primer lugar, se repasan los conocimientos actuales sobre el procesamiento de los sonidos musicales a nivel cerebral y las posibles explicaciones del origen de la emoción musical, así como la contribución de los distintos parámetros musicales a la generación de emociones, considerando estructuras musicales de nuestro mundo occidental. En segundo lugar, se presenta el canal táctil como un posible canal de transmisión de la emoción musical análogo al canal auditivo, pero con más limitaciones en la discriminación de frecuencias. Este acercamiento se produce desde la profunda fascinación que ejerce la música, con la esperanza de encontrar vías para explicar la transmisión de la emoción musical desde un canal alternativo.
The past, present, and promise of sonification
Authors: Walker Bruce N.
Published: January 2024

The use of sound to systematically communicate data has been with us for a long time, and has received considerable research, albeit in a broad range of distinct fields of inquiry. Sonification is uniquely capable of conveying series and patterns, trends and outliers…and effortlessly carries affect and emotion related to those data. And sound-either by itself or in conjunction with visual, tactile, or even olfactory representations-can make data exploration more compelling and more accessible to a broader range of individuals. Nevertheless, sonification and auditory displays still occupy only a sliver of popular mindshare: most people have never thought about using non-speech sound in this manner, even though they are certainly very familiar with other intentional uses of sound to convey status, notifications, and warnings. This article provides a brief history of sonification, introduces terms, quickly surveys a range of examples, and discusses the past, present, and as-yet unrealized future promise of using sound to expand the way we can communicate about data, broaden the use of auditory displays in society, and make science more engaging and more accessible.
El Theremin, el instrumento que para tocarse no se toca
Authors: Revuelta Sanz Pablo , Ra Armen
Published: January 2024

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AI meets ALP in voce
Authors: Perales Blanco Verónica
Published: January 2024

Finnegans Wake es la última obra escrita por el escritor irlandés James Joyce. En ella, la creciente complejidad narrativa que lo caracterizó alcanza niveles extremos, rozando lo ininteligible. El autor no sólo mezcla diferentes idiomas, también inventa nuevos términos que germinan y se significan, en gran medida, desde su dimensión sonora. Personajes, y acontecimientos reales y ficticios se mezclan, formando una amalgama donde variantes de arquetipos mitológicos transcurren una glocalidad cíclica perpetua. La protagonista femenina, Anna Livia Plurabelle (ALP), es un personaje mutante que deviene diferentes elementos naturales a lo largo del texto. El murmullo del río se confunde con el suyo propio, en un pulso narrativo que sobrescribe la orilla en la historia. De fondo siempre se oyen voces y, aunque no son claras, sugieren.
Esta obra literaria no se lee, se escucha; no se entiende, se deduce.
La presente investigación se sitúa en el contexto actual de auge en la aplicación de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) al procesado de textos. Somete a prueba la transcripción realizada a partir de la locución de algunos pasajes de Finnegans Wake, evaluando el grado de acierto y los posibles sesgos o desviaciones de los resultados.
Artefactos para una materialidad comprometida con la pintura al óleo
Authors: Urieta Bastardés Elena
Published: January 2024

El presente texto pretende reivindicar agencias materiales en las prácticas de la pintura al óleo. El artículo comienza presentando algunos debates sobre la importancia de la materialidad desde una estética posthumana, relacional y ecológica inspirada por las teorías de los nuevos materialismos y sus distintos anclajes (la teoría del actor-red, las epistemologías feministas de la tecno-ciencia, la ontología orientada a los objetos o la cultura material post fenomenológica). A continuación, presentaré algunos ejemplos de mediaciones o hibridaciones socio-técnicas en la pintura al óleo donde agencias humanas y no humanas se involucran para articular y sostener los cuadros; pero también para traicionar, interrumpir y asombrar las intenciones de sus autores, la estabilidad de sus pigmentos y la autenticidad de su apreciación estética. Finalmente, desplegaré un proceso de ontogénesis material de un instrumento pictórico, la paleta, como agenciamiento esperanzador para abandonar los dualismos de la modernidad estética.
Mulheres artistas e feminismo no brasil dos anos 1960 a 1980
Authors: Simioni Ana Paula Cavalcanti , Silva Bruna Fernanda
Published: January 2024

No presente dossiê, mulheres artistas, críticas e curadoras que atuaram no sistema artístico brasileiro entre as décadas de 1960 e 1980 respondem a um conjunto de questões objetivas sobre suas visões e atuações a respeito das relações entre arte, gênero e feminismos no Brasil durante esse período. Heloisa Teixeira [Heloísa Buarque de Holanda], Ana Mae Barbosa, Annateresa Fabris, Anna Maria Maiolino, Cybele Varela, Regina Silveira e Gretta Safarty abordam sobre suas trajetórias, o contexto brasileiro daquele período e reflexões sobre tais temas no presente. Com isso, pretendemos reunir um conjunto de reflexões importantes para um conhecimento situado sobre o modo específico que tais questões adquiriram no Brasil daquelas décadas,marcadas por um governo autoritário e tensões específicas ao campo artístico. Suas falas convidam-nos a entendimentos mais nuançados e alargados sobre os sentidos históricos do “ser feminista”.