bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The PDZ Domain Protein SYNJ2BP Regulates GRK-Dependent Sst2A Phosphorylation and Downstream MAPK Signaling
Authors: Carr Heather S , Chang Jeffrey T , Frost Jeffrey A
Published: December 2020

The somatostatin receptor 2A (SST2) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is expressed in neuroendocrine tissues within the gastrointestinal tract and brain, and is commonly overexpressed in many neuroendocrine tumors. Moreover, SST2 agonists are used clinically as the primary pharmacological treatment to suppress excess hormone secretion in a variety of neuroendocrine tumors. Despite its wide clinical use, mechanisms controlling the trafficking and signaling of SST2 are not fully understood. SST2 contains a C-terminal post-synaptic density 95, Drosophila discs large, zona-occludens 1 (PDZ) domain–binding motif that has been shown to interact with 3 different PDZ domain–containing proteins. However, the consequences of these interactions are not well understood, nor is it known whether additional PDZ domain proteins interact with SST2. Through unbiased screening we have identified 10 additional PDZ domain proteins that interact with SST2. We chose one of these, SYNJ2BP, for further study. We observed that SYNJ2BP interacted with SST2 in an agonist-dependent manner, and that this required the PDZ binding site of SST2. Importantly, overexpression of SYNJ2BP enhanced ligand-stimulated receptor internalization. Mechanistically, SYNJ2BP interacted with G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and promoted GRK-dependent phosphorylation of the receptor after somatostatin stimulation. Interaction with GRK2 required the C-terminus of SYNJ2BP. Binding to SYNJ2BP did not affect the ability of SST2 to suppress 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate production, but was required for optimal agonist-stimulated extracellularly regulated kinase 1/2 activation. These data indicated that SYNJ2BP is an SST2-interacting protein that modulates agonist-stimulated receptor regulation and downstream signaling.
The Role of Home Schoolwork in the Formation of the Cognitive Independence of Younger Schoolchildren
Authors: Popova A.
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the possibilities of home schoolwork for the formation of search activity skills in younger schoolchildren, the development of their cognitive motivation, aspirations and abilities for educational independence, the development of universal educational actions, which meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Second Generation Primary General Education. Properly organized home study work is considered by the author as a necessary element of developmental education. In this regard, a methodology is described for the formation of students at the first stage of school education of the skills necessary to complete home school assignments.
Differentiated Approach to Teaching and Its Implementation in Russian Language Lessons in Primary School
Authors: Aleksandrova O. , Gosteva Yu. , Kuznetsova Marina
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the possibilities of using a differentiated approach to teaching the Russian language, which takes into account both the stage of mastering the subject content and the degree of individual preparation of each student, his abilities, interests, needs, motivation. The authors determined the specifics of modeling tasks of the basic and increased levels of complexity, which allow, based on the knowledge gained and the speech experience of junior schoolchildren as native speakers, to successfully form their universal educational actions (cognitive, communicative, regulatory), which meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of the Primary General Education to the planned subject and metasubject learning outcomes. The examples of differentiated tasks aimed at the development of speech-thinking abilities, logical thinking, cognitive skills, and skills of independent educational activity are presented.
The Development of Self-Control Skills in Younger Schoolchildren As a Condition for Preventing Mistakes
Authors: Sosnina E.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the importance of self-control for the successful prevention of errors in the work of primary schoolchildren. The productivity of the methodology for the formation of the ability to control their activities in children is analyzed, the functions of self-control are highlighted. The necessity of closer attention to the formation and development of self-control skills during the period of study in primary school is proved. The reasons for the emergence of problems with the mastering of the current control of their actions, the algorithm of the operations carried out, as well as the difficulties caused by the lack of understanding of the nature and place of possible errors, the final result of the activity are considered. Changes in the educational process are proposed, which will eliminate such difficulties that lead to the appearance of errors. The article traces the connection between the ability of students to self-control and the development of their voluntary attention.
Literary Reading Lesson in First Grade
Authors: Kabanova A.
Published: December 2020

The author of the article proposes for consideration one of the possible options for a lesson in literary reading in the first grade, in which N.N.

Nosov “Steps”. The process of reading and working with the text organized by the teacher allows solving subject and metasubject learning

problems. The used methodology contributes to the development of educational activities in first-graders. The article provides examples of tasks differentiated by the level of complexity, which take into account the capabilities of children who read well and not well enough. Acquaintance with the work of the writer N.N. Nosova continues at the lesson with reading another of his works - the story “On the Hill”. Conversations conducted by the teacher and collective discussion of the content of the read texts help him to determine not only the degree of their conscious perception by first graders, but also to include children in an active educational dialogue, to form their interest in independent reading.
On the Issue of Continuity of Preschool and Primary School Education
Authors: Borisova A. , Fugelova Tatiana
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the problem of preparing a child for school from the perspective of ensuring the continuity of preschool and primary

school education. The analysis of the main educational programs that are used for this purpose in Russian preschool educational institutions,

schools, institutions of additional education, private entrepreneurs-tutors. The experience of preparing preschool children for school education,

implemented in the UK and Finland, is also considered.
Intimate partner violence among pregnant teenagers in Lira district, northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Auma Anna Grace , Ayebare Elizabeth , Olwit Connie , Ndeezi Grace , Nankabirwa Victoria , Tumwine James K
Published: December 2020

Background/aims

Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is associated with adverse health outcomes for mothers and their unborn babies. Whereas the literature on intimate partner violence in the general population is extensive, little is known about this type of violence among pregnant teenagers, especially in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner violence among pregnant teenagers attending antenatal care clinics in Lira District, northern Uganda.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 310 pregnant teenagers attending antenatal care clinics at the Lira Regional Referral Hospital and Ogur Health Center IV. Eligible teenagers were recruited consecutively until the required sample size was accrued. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Intimate partner violence was determined using the Revised Conflict Tactile Scale 2. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with violence during pregnancy, while considering potential confounding factors.

Results

The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence among pregnant teenagers was 40.6%. The prevalence of psychological violence was 37.1%, sexual assault was 29%, and physical violence was 24.8%. Partner alcohol intake (odds ratio=5.00, P=0.000); polygamy (odds ratio=2.80, P=0.001) and the inability of the teenage mother to make major decisions in the home (odds ratio=2.42, P=0.006) were independently associated with intimate partner violence during pregnancy.

Conclusions

Approximately 4 in 10 pregnant teenagers in Lira district, northern Uganda experienced intimate partner violence. This is higher than has been reported in the general population of pregnant women in Uganda. Intimate partner violence screening and counselling should be part of the routine antenatal care package.
The circulatory system
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: December 2020

The circulatory system transports blood around the body. The blood carries a number of other substances needed by the body to function effectively; the cardiovascular system keeps life pumping through the body. This article offers an overview of this essential body system. It is vital to understanding the various functions of the cardiovascular system, along with its various pathways of veins, arteries and capillaries when providing people with safe and effective care.

A glossary of terms has been included. A short quiz at the end of the article has been provided to encourage recall and learning.
The ethics of COVID-19 vaccine trials
Authors: Winter George
Published: December 2020

As research organisations around the world continue to develop a vaccine for COVID-19, George Winter considers the ethics of vaccination testing, examining what conditions must be met when conducting clinical trials
‘I was fully consenting’: sexual violence voiced by an adolescent girl
Authors: Louhela Helena
Published: December 2020

In this article, I study how an adolescent girl with an institutional background voices her previous experiences of a statutory sex crime relationship. The data were generated during 2013–2017 and analysed using the Listening Guide method in order to find different contrapuntal and situated voices and contextual layers from the girl’s story.

The results indicate that different temporal, situational and contextual aspects can be part of the perceptions of sexual consent and abuse. Furthermore, the impression and experiences of being cared for in an abusive relationship interrelate in how the abusive sexual experiences are voiced even after a long period of time. A concept of abusive illusion of care was introduced to describe one of the aspects related to this phenomenon and it was suggested that it should be included in Jenny Pearce’s social model of abused consent.

It is proposed that sexual consent could be approached as a situated and contextualised issue and from the perspective and recovery process of the victim; and, as such, an ongoing and proceeding negotiation on consent should also be allowed afterwards. In addition, new and caring ways of creating safe connections in order to confront sexual violence without silencing any voices are needed.
High-resolution beam scanning technique with microlens array and adaptive fiber-optics collimator
Authors: Yang Xu , Geng Chao , Li Feng , Li Xiaoyang , Zuo Jing , Jiang Jiali , Li Bincheng , Li Xinyang
Published: December 2020

Conventional beam scanning systems employing a microlens array (MLA) suffer from the problem that only discrete diffraction angles can be addressed because of the periodic structure of the MLA. In this paper, an adaptive fiber-optics collimator (AFOC) that continuously adjusts the position of light source (optic fiber output) is used in front of the periodic structure as a moving linear phase shifter to overcome this discrete scanning angle problem. By introducing the AFOC into the beam scanning system employing MLA, a beam scanning system with continuous scanning capability and high resolution is fulfilled. Theoretical simulations and experimental results both demonstrate the continuous high-resolution scanning capacity of the beam scanning system employing both MLA and AFOC. The proposed beam scanning system is expected to find wide applications in space optical communication, optical interconnection, power projection, and coherent beam combining.
High-speed CMOS-compatible III-V on Si membrane photodetectors
Authors: Baumgartner Yannick , Caimi Daniele , Sousa Marilyne , Hopstaken Marinus , Salamin Yannick , Baeuerle Benedikt , Bitachon Bertold Ian , Leuthold Juerg , Faist Jérôme , Offrein Bert J. , Czornomaz Lukas
Published: December 2020

The monolithic integration of power-efficient optoelectronic devices with CMOS circuits is critical for future on-chip optical communication. In such platforms, ultra-high-speed photodetectors operating at datacom wavelengths are essential to convert optical signals in the electrical domain. Here, we demonstrate ultra-compact high-speed III-V/Si photodetectors integrated on silicon photonics and exclusively fabricated with processes and materials compatible with CMOS foundries. The sub-femtofarad capacitance, high responsivity photodetectors demonstrate a bandwidth around 65 GHz and data reception at 100 GBd OOK. Their thickness and efficiency enable an integration in the back-end-of-line without using an amplifier, further reducing the power consumption of the link.
Image stitching using an electrowetting-based liquid prism with a fabrication method
Authors: Lee Junsik , Lee Jooho , Won Yong Hyub
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we propose a new method for image stitching using an electrowetting-based liquid prism. Several images were obtained by adjusting the voltages applied to four sidewalls of the liquid prism, and a panoramic image was achieved through an image stitching algorithm. The relationship between the tilting angle of the liquid prism and the normal vector of the liquid-liquid interface was presented. Novel fabrication method has been proposed to improve the performance of the liquid prism, including the addition of a new structure to prevent oil isolation, plastic chamber material, plastic laser cutting, and oil selection. The fabricated liquid prism has a size of 5 × 5 × 8 mm, a maximum beam steering angle of ±10.5 °, a response time of 19.1 ms, and a resolution of 14.25 lp/mm. The required number of images according to the overlapping area was presented through the simulation, and the image stitching using two or three images was demonstrated.
Theoretical design of a reconfigurable broadband integrated metamaterial terahertz device
Authors: Li Hui , Xu Wenhui , Cui Qi , Wang Yan , Yu Jiang
Published: December 2020

An actively reconfigurable broadband terahertz (THz) metamaterial functional device based on the phase-change material vanadium dioxide (VO2) and two-dimensional graphene material is theoretically proposed and demonstrated. The device has excellent tolerance under oblique incidence. When the VO2 is in the metallic state, and the Fermi energy of graphene is fixed at 0.1 eV, the designed device acts as a broadband THz absorber in the transverse magnetic (TM) polarization mode. The absorptance bandwidth exceeds 0.55 THz with a complete absorption intensity of more than 90%. In this state, the absorber operates as a broadband modulator with the total modulation depth exceeding 91.5% as the continually decreased conductivity of VO2 from 200000 S/m to 10 S/m. In the transverse electric (TE) polarization process, the structure behaves as a dual-band absorber with two perfect absorption peaks. When the conductivity of VO2 is changed, the tunable absorber can also be regarded as an absorptance modulator, with a maximum modulation intensity of 92.1%. Alternatively, when VO2 behaves as an insulator at room temperature in the TE polarization mode, a strong broadband electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window is obtained, with a bandwidth exceeding 0.42 THz in the transmittance spectrum. By varying the Fermi energy of graphene from 0 to 0.9 eV, the EIT-like window or broadband transmission spectrum (in TM mode) can be switched. The results indicate that the device can also be operated as a modulator in the transmission mode. The impedance matching theory is used, and electric field distributions are analyzed to quantify the physical mechanism. An advantage of the manipulation of the polarization angle is that the modulation performance of the proposed multi-functional THz device can be regulated after fabricated.
Coherent optical processes with an all-optical atomic simulator
Authors: Burenkov Ivan A. , Novikova Irina , Tikhonova Olga V. , Polyakov Sergey V.
Published: December 2020

We show how novel photonic devices such as broadband quantum memory and efficient quantum frequency transduction can be implemented using three-wave mixing processes in a 1D array of nonlinear waveguides evanescently coupled to nearest neighbors. We do this using an analogy of an atom interacting with an external optical field using both classical and quantum models of the optical fields and adapting well-known coherent processes from atomic optics, such as electromagnetically induced transparency and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage to design. This approach allows the implementation of devices that are very difficult or impossible to implement by conventional techniques.
Parasitic helminth infections of dogs, wolves, foxes, and golden jackals in Mazandaran Province, North of Iran
Authors: Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Pagheh Abdol Sattar , Daryani Ahmad , Sarvi Shahabeddin , Hosseini Seyed Abdollah , Norouzi Roghayeh , Boundenga Larson , Tabatabaie Fatemeh , Pereira Maria de Lourdes , Gholami Shirzad , Nissapatorn Veeranoot
Published: December 2020

Background and Aim: There is a large amount of information on intestinal parasites in stray dogs and golden jackals (Canis aureus) in Mazandaran Province, Iran. However, there is little information about foxes and wolves, which have a potential role in the spread of dangerous parasitic diseases, such as echinococcosis and toxocariasis. The aim of the present study was to identify the genus or species of parasitic worms in stool samples obtained from carnivores in Mazandaran Province, Iran, from August 2017 to April 2018.

Materials and Methods: A total of 274 fecal samples were collected from carnivores, including dog, fox, wolf, and C. aureus in three areas of Mazandaran Province, Iran. All specimens were examined by centrifugal fecal flotation using a solution of Sheather's sugar to detect helminths eggs. Then, all samples were assessed using a light microscope. Data analysis was performed by SPSS version. 18 (Chicago, IL, USA).

Results: In this study, seven genera of helminths were observed, including Ancylostoma, Uncinaria, Toxocara, Dipylidium, Toxascaris, Taenia, and Spirocerca. The prevalence of helminth infections was 97.7% (127 out of 130), 56.7% (51 out of 90), 51.4% (18 out of 35), and 52.6% (10 out of 19), among dogs, C. aureus, foxes, and wolves, respectively. The highest prevalence of Ancylostoma and Toxocara infections occurred in the eastern and central areas of the province (42.1% and 35.7%, respectively).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the infection with intestinal zoonotic helminths in carnivores was an important public health factor in Mazandaran. Therefore, these infections can be potentially harmful to humans and other animals.
Culturas políticas y senderos pedagógicos: la reforma educativa inconclusa en Santa Fe (1983–2019)
Authors: GIMÉNEZ JUAN CRUZ , MAINA MARCELINO
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo indaga el sistema educativo en la provincia de Santa Fe durante el períododemocrático pos 1983. Un sistema que se caracterizapor la persistencia de culturas políticas divergentes conuna tradición de caducidad parlamentaria que resistetodo intento de reforma integral hacia un nuevo camponormativo pedagógico y educativo. El objetivo es identificar dos procesos reformistas en escenarios gubernamentales alternados entre oficialismo y oposición conun similar resultado: reformas educativas inconclusas.Investigar tensiones, impugnaciones, restricciones yactores gravitantes en clave de culturas políticas
Escuebichos. Cuando te pica el bicho de la educación
Authors: ACHARES ELIZABETH , ALMADA FABRICIO
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo busca compartir yreflexionar a partir de prácticas en el campo de lasCiencias Naturales, la experiencia educativa Escuebichos(3) desde la cual se intenta pensar los tiempos y losespacios, la trasmisión de conocimientos y el lugar delas Ciencias en la escuela. Es una propuesta que buscael protagonismo de los(4) estudiantes en la construcciónactiva del conocimiento desde la experimentación, elarte y el juego como herramienta pedagógica. Escuebichos posibilitó el acercamiento con otras instituciones/organizaciones escolares y con otros actores barrialesque participaron en distintas dinámicas propuestascentrando a la escuela como lugar en común. Tambiénpropone «El baúl viajero», con la intención de llegara las escuelas a partir de muestras interactivas paracompartir la experiencia en busca de multiplicarla ygenerar nuevos proyectos. Es un trabajo interdisciplinario entre las cátedras de Biología, Matemática, Lengua,TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación),Taller de fotografía y murales de primer y segundo añode la escuela secundaria.
La articulación entre la Educación Media y Educación Superior. La experiencia del Programa Nexos 2019 en la Escuela Nº 511 Juana Azurduy de la ciudad de Santa Fe, Argentina
Authors: HUESPE AGUSTINA BELÉN , SANTA CRUZ MACARENA , CAROLLO EMILCE LUCÍA
Published: December 2020

La educación es la práctica social que permite y promueve la adquisición de habilidades, conocimientos y la ampliación de horizontes tanto personales como colectivos. El Sistema Educativo Argentinocomprende los niveles de educación inicial, primaria,secundaria y superior; siendo obligatorios los últimosaños del nivel inicial, así como los dos niveles siguientes. La Educación Superior comprende: Universidades e Institutos Universitarios, estatales o privadosautorizados, en concordancia con lo establecido en laLey N° 24.521 e Institutos de Educación Superior dejurisdicción nacional, provincial, de gestión estatal oprivada. La articulación entre la escuela secundaria yel nivel superior ha sido objeto de análisis en diversas

investigaciones. En este contexto surge el ProgramaNexos; herramienta que organiza espacios de acciónconjunta entre la Universidad y las instituciones de nivelsecundario. El mismo está impulsado por la Secretaríade Políticas Universitarias de la Nación a través delos Consejos Regionales de Planificación de EducaciónSuperior, surge en el año 2016, comenzando a implementarse en el año 2018. El presente trabajo intentadar cuenta de lo que fue la experiencia en 2019 en elcaso de la Escuela EESO N°511 «Juana Azurduy» deSanta Fe (Argentina).
Development of hierarchical functional models for diag-nostics of asynchronous electric motors using IDEF0 methodol-ogies
Authors: Vereshchagina Svetlana S.
Published: December 2020

The paper proposes an approach to diagnostics of asynchronous electric motors based on the application of hierarchical functional models that are built using the IDEF0 methodology for integrated consideration of the influence of electric power quality indicators. A brief analysis of the problems of diagnostics for asynchronous electric motors is given, which justifies the relevance of developing new methods and models of diagnostics. A distinctive feature of the proposed hierarchical functional diagnostic models of asynchronous electric motors is a formalized representation of the necessary process functions using the IDEF0 methodology. This allows one to identify the main data flows in the diagnosis process, extract knowledge about the process, and reveal the cause-and-effect relationships of failures of asynchronous electric motors, complementing traditional methods of technical diagnostics by analyzing compliance with regulatory requirements concerning the electrical energy quality. A brief description of the developed methods, models and algorithms, as well as the results of experimental research, efficiency analysis of the proposed methodology is provided.
Optimization of the electrical technology complex for high-performance induction heating lines
Authors: Danilushkin Aleksandr I. , Zhivotyagin Denis A. , Kibkalo Sergey S. , Surkov Dmitry V.
Published: December 2020

The paper discusses the design issues of a high-performance induction installation for heating ferromagnetic billets before processing on deforming equipment. Specific features of the technological process of heating ferromagnetic billets to plastic strain temperatures are noted. It is shown that in order to increase the efficiency of the process, the heating of large-sized preforms from ferromagnetic steel is advisable to be carried out in a two-frequency induction heater with two autonomous sections. A study of the heating process in a two-section heater of ferromagnetic billets was carried out taking into account the nonlinear dependence of the physical characteristics of the heated billets metal on the temperature changing during heating. The problem of minimizing the length of a two-section heater is formulated and solved taking into account energy and technological limitations. A condition for determining the optimal length of the first section is to achieve a temperature corresponding to the loss of magnetic properties in the layer equal to the depth of current penetration at the frequency of the second section power supply. The results of numerical calculation of the optimal parameters of a two-section heater are presented. It is shown that the power distribution algorithm along the length of a two-section heater is a piecewise constant function. The results of calculating the temperature distribution in the workpieces during heating are presented. The results of the study can be used to solve the problem of optimizing the structural and operational parameters of a multi-section heater.
The Political Economy of Local Governance in Yemen
Authors: Challand Benoit , Rogers Joshua
Published: December 2020

This paper provides an historical exploration of local governance in Yemen across the past sixty years. It highlights the presence of a strong tradition of local selfrule, self-help, and participation “from below” as well as the presence of a rival, official, political culture upheld by central elites that celebrates centralization and the strong state. Shifts in the predominance of one or the other tendency have coincided with shifts in the political economy of the Yemeni state(s). When it favored the local, central rulers were compelled to give space to local initiatives and Yemen experienced moments of political participation and local development.
“Gimme a Beat!”
Authors: Capetola Christine
Published: December 2020

In 1986, Janet Jackson forever changed the direction of pop music and its music videos with the release of her third and breakthrough album, Control. Working with producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, choreographer Paula Abdul, and director Mary Lambert, Jackson created songs and videos that conveyed a new kind of feminist affect that intertwined individual stories of endurance, the forcefulness of relatively new digital music technology, and Black and female collectivity. In this article, I chart how Jackson transmitted this feminist affect through what I call hyperaurality, or sounds and vibrations that work in excess of the limitations of visual representation. Through tracing the affective excesses of Jackson’s visuals, sounds, and movements, I unpack how hyperaurality both intensifies and reintegrates the senses of sight, hearing, and feeling. In the process, I posit that vibration, or sound’s materially felt oscillations, works as a point of connection across these three aspects of hyperaurality. By demonstrating its connective power, I assert that vibration is a source of affective politics within popular music, one with the power of repurposing capitalism's excesses.
Structure and properties of polyelectrolyte complexes of various type (chitosan chloride – polyacrilic acid) and triple polyelectrolyte-metalic complexe with cations Cu2+
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Khаrkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Shtompel V.I. , Demchenko V.L. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Khаrkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Ovsyankina V.O. ,   Sikorsky National Technical University (КPI), 37, Victory avenue, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Nischimenko A.V. ,   Sikorsky National Technical University (КPI), 37, Victory avenue, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Riabov S.V. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Khаrkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Using FT-IR-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermomechanical analysis structure and thermomechanical properties of two nonstoichiometry and one stoichiometry polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) based on opposite charged polyelectrolytes – strong cationic polyelectrolyte (chitosan chloride) and weak anionic polyelectrolyte (polyacrylic aсid) and triple polyelectrolyte-metal complexes (TPMC) based on stoichometry polyelectrolyte complexes and cations Cu(II) were investigated. It was shown, that chitosan chloride has amorphous-cristallinity structure, which is significantly different from the structure of neat chitosan, and polyacrylic acid posses amorphous structure. Meantime, all PEC samples have amorphous structure, differing from the structure of weak anionic polyelectrolyte, at the same time amorphous structure of nonstoichiometric PECs insignificantly different from that of stoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes. Additionally, amorphous structure of TPMC has another structure, compared to all PEC. According to thermomechanical analysis, all PECs have one temperature transition from glassy to highly elastic state (from 77 to 84 °C). The deformation value of the samples of nonstoichiometric PEC is similar and somewhat less than the deformation of the stoichiometric PEC. The TPMC sample has two glass transitions (81 and 226 °C), and his high-temperature transition characterizes the segmental mobility of fragments of macromolecules of one stoichiometric PEC, the polar groups of which form chelate circles with Cu (II) cations. Deformation parameter of the TPMC is higher in comparison with the stoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes. Keywords: structure, properties, deformation, ionic force, cationic Cu(II), polyelectrolyte, polyelectrolyte-metal complexes, chitosan chloride, polyacrylic acid, X-ray diffraction, thermomechanical analysis.
Römische Münzen Und Der Frührömische Geldumlauf Bei Den Eraviskern
Authors: Torbágyi Melinda
Published: December 2020

Coins unearthed in the Eraviscus settlement of Lágymányos provide new data to the beginning of Roman coin circulation in Pannonia. Eravisci are the only Celtic tribe that released coins following the Roman standard at the dawning of the Roman conquest of the area. Exact dating and purpose of this coinage are debated up until now since Celtic denarii do not appear on Celtic settlements, so it seems they played no roles in local coin usage. Meanwhile, Roman bronze coins released in the name of Augustus occur in indigenous settlements. The presence of these Roman bronze coins in the indigenous population in the times of the Iulio-Claudian dynasty prove the existence of relations between the military appearing in the area at that time and the local population.
Neue Alte Kupfermünzen Des Kaisers Justinian I. Aus Dem Karpatenbecken
Authors: Prohászka Péter
Published: December 2020

Although various works had dealt with the Avar Period Byzantine coin circulation of the Carpathian Basin for the research the Age of Justinian I remained uninvestigated. The paper deals with the copper coins of Justinian I found in the Carpathian Basin. In the archive and literature six new coins are published. The analysis of the coin circulation is based on a catalogue where copper coins are collected from literature and museums.
A thematic-analytical review of knowledge production culture in architectural design
Authors: Kharazmi-Nezhad Alireza , Ömer Erem Nesip
Published: December 2020

Architectural design, whether as a knowledge production process or as a ‘means’ for producing knowledge, has been the hot topic of theoretical debates since the late 1990s. Despite the developments, it requires more clarity as a young culture in the discipline. This research aims at deciphering the theoretical body to identify and bring the central themes into sight and provide a legible interpretation of knowledge production in architectural design. To this end, a unique methodology, adopted form content analysis, has been utilized. In this paper, a piece of the relevant literature was analysed by a computer application namely NVivo. The analysis has revealed a set of words from which the central themes are extracted. Out of thirty emphatic words, ten central themes are generated. According to the findings, ‘design and research’, ‘design process and methods’, and ‘newness and novelty’ appeared to be the key themes when knowledge production in architecture matters. The remaining seven themes are mainly included in the key themes. The findings show that knowledge production in architectural design is much more influenced by the field of design studies rather than architecture. This study remarks that the objective and generic aspect of architecture is investigated for knowledge production, however, taking architecture-specific dimensions into account could bring new insights into the discipline.

Az építészeti tervezés a tudástermelés folyamataként és „eszközeként” is az elméleti viták központi témája az 1990-es évek vége óta. Bár még fejlődésben van, a tudomány fiatal területeként szükség van arra, hogy fogalmait egyértelműbbé tegyék. E kutatás célja egy elméleti törzsanyag meghatározása, hogy a tudástermelés területe jól körülhatárolható legyen, célkitűzései láthatóvá, és fogalma értelmezhetővé váljon az építészeti tervezésben is. Ennek érdekében egyedülálló módszertan, formai tartalomelemzés alkalmazására került sor. A tanulmányban a vonatkozó szakirodalom egy részét az NVivo elnevezésű számítógépes alkalmazás segítségével elemeztük. Az elemzés gyakran ismételt szóhalmazokat gyűjtött, majd ezek alapján kivonatolta a szövegekben leggyakrabban előforduló témákat. A program harminc hangsúlyos szóból tíz központi témát generált. Az építészetre vonatkozó tudástermelés vizsgálata során a leggyakoribb találatok a „tervezés és kutatás”, a „tervezési folyamat és módszerek”, valamint az „újdonság és újszerűség” voltak. A többi hét témát nagyrészt magukba foglalták ezek a kulcstémák. A további eredmények azt mutatják, hogy az építészeti tervezésben megjelenő tudástermelésre nagyobb mértékben hatnak a tervezéselméleti stúdiumok, mint az építészeti gyakorlat. Noha jelen tanulmányunk az építészet objektív és általános aspektusát vizsgálja a tudástermelés szempontjából, e tudományágban később új fejezetet nyithatnak a kifejezetten építészeti szempontú megközelítések is.
The privacy problem for internalizing behavioral externalities
Authors: Jeffers Matthew
Published: December 2020

Providers of insurance used to have no other choice than to absorb the behavioral externalities of their policy-holders. New technology coupled with the incentives of low-risk consumers has made it possible for firms to price-discriminate on the basis of behavioral risk and thus internalize behavioral externalities. While cost-internalization is generally a positive development, the introduction of behavioral tracking technologies also introduces new economic and social costs. This paper explores the economic and moral trade-offs of adopting behavioral tracking technologies in various insurance settings.
Волоконно-оптичний пристрій контролю рівня для високотемпературних систем паливопідготовки
Authors: Сандлер А.К. , Батинський А.І.
Published: December 2020

Для збереження своєї присутності на ринку судновласники змушені шукати шляхи істотного скорочення власних витрат з тим, щоб не тільки конкурувати з іншими судновласниками, а й забезпечити рівень доходів, який би створював умови для розширеного відтворення. Судноплавні компанії реалізують скорочення власних фінансових витрат різними шляхами, наприклад зниженням заробітних плат екіпажу, скороченням кількості екіпажу на судні, зниження основних експлуатаційні витрат за рахунок переходу на дешеві сорти високов'язких палив в'язкістю понад 380 мм кв./с. Один з перспективних методів зниження фінансових витрат є перехід на шлях оптимизирования енергоспоживання і підвищення енергоефективності судів. Удосконалення енергетичної ефективності судна передбачає виконання регулювання параметрів основних елементів паливної системи і мінімізацію енергетичних витрат на підготовку важкого палива. Аналіз застосування існуючих рівнемірів показав, що їх застосування в спеціальних експлуатаційних умовах характеризується недостатньою достовірністю результатів вимірювання, високою похибкою, низькою оперативністю, припускають контакт з паливом, не забезпечують умов безпеки при роботі з вуглеводнями. Для пошуку шляхів поліпшення метрологічних характеристик пристроїв контролю рівня були проаналізовані конструкції поширених вимірювальних приладів. Розроблено новий схемотехнічне рішення рівнеміра для контролю високотемпературних середовищ. У пристрої немає необхідності застосування додаткових заходів по захисту чутливого елемента в умовах впливу експлуатаційних факторів, є можливість обліку і компенсації коливань температури контрольованого середовища і одночасно збережені надійність, чутливість і простота схемотехнік пристроїв відомих типів. Основною відмінністю пропонованого пристрою є те, що генератор коливання винесено із зони підвищених температур, стрижень з инвара розташований коаксіально до комбінованого световоду з єдиною оболонкою і багатьма серцевинами. Комбінований світловод захищений оболонкою з инвара. Випромінювання до световоду надходить від джерела випромінювання через первинний розгалужувач, мультиплексор / демультиплексор, вторинний розгалужувач. Після проходу світловода випромінювання, відбившись від дзеркальних шарів на кінцях серцевин, повертається в зворотному порядку до фотоприймача. Використання розробленого пристрою дозволить не тільки адекватно і достовірно оцінювати кількісний показник рівня в суднових системах паливопідготовки на належному рівні, а й контролювати витрату палива енергетичною установкою.
Вплив автоматичної системи моніторингу та управління будівлею на загальні показники енергоефективності
Authors: Степанець О. В. , Захарченко А. С.
Published: December 2020

В статті розглядається питання енергоефективності в контексті сучасної будівлі, беручи до уваги як і економічні показники, так і екологічні характеристики та особистий комфорт користувачів. Зазначено актуальність вказаного напрямку в Україні, структуру енергоспоживання та потенціал в сфері енергоефективності з огляду на вже існуючі результати. Переглянуто нормативні документи та нормативно-правові акти, включно з Законом України «Про енергетичну ефективність будівель», що визначають вимоги до будинків, процедури сертифікації, енергетичного аудиту та фіксують пріоритетні напрямки розвитку держави. Вказується принцип визначення доцільного рівня енергоефективності та його залежності від низки технічних, соціальних та економічних параметрів, де перевага надається впровадженню комплексних енергозберігаючих рішень з необхідністю забезпечення рівномірного впливу на характеристики будівлі та її інженерні системи для досягнення найвищого результату. У статті розглянуто особливості систем автоматизації сучасних будівель, пов’язані з їх розподілом на класи енергоефективності та відповідних наборів характеристик та функцій, що мають бути реалізованими. Також описано методи оцінки впливу системи на енергоефективність будівлі та орієнтовні очікувані економічні вигоди для кожного з визначених класів. Переглянуто параметри та явища, що можуть спотворювати ці результати. Аналіз будівлі дозволяє визначити оптимальну структуру і функції системи автоматизації для скорочення необхідних витрат або більш раціональному використанні матеріальних ресурсів. В результаті визначено перспективний напрямок розвитку галузі автоматизації будівель, посилаючись на отриману інформацію, їх вплив на параметри та роль в показниках енергоспоживання будівлі.
Застосування критеріїв поглибленого ексергетичного аналізу для обгрунтування рішень з підвищення енергетичної ефективності теплонасосної установки на стічних водах
Authors: Некрашевич О. В. , Волощук В.А. , Ковриго Ю. М.
Published: December 2020

В роботі на основі критеріїв поглибленого ексергетичного аналізу визначені місця, значення та причини термодинамічних втрат у теплонасосній установці на стічних водах у складі системи теплозабезпечення будинку. Визначено, що у компресорі 76 % деструкції ексергії, яку можна уникнути, залежить від термодинамічної досконалості інших елементів. Всі 100 % деструкції ексергії, що можна уникнути у дросельному вентилі, залежать від необоротностей в інших елементах. 90…97 % деструкції ексергії, яку можна уникнути у конденсаторі, випарнику та проміжному теплообміннику залежать від термодинамічної досконалості цих же елементів. Найбільше значення сезонної деструкції ексергії, що можна позбутися у теплонасосній установці за рахунок термодинамічного удосконалення k-го компонента, зосереджене у теплообміннику проміжного контуру і становить близько 40 %. Випарник та конденсатор мають менші можливості з точки зору зниження деструкції ексергії у теплонасосній установці (відповідно 29 та 24 %). У компресорі такі можливості незначні. Відповідно, з метою підвищення енергетичної ефективності такої установки, необхідно у першу чергу знижувати необоротності у проміжному теплообміннику шляхом зменшення у ньому температурного напору. Отримані висновки підтверджуються шляхом розрахунку сезонного споживання електроенергії для заданого сезонного виробництва теплової енергії у різних варіантах удосконалення теплонасосної установки. Показано, що саме удосконалення проміжного теплообмінника забезпечує найбільше (до 12%) зниження сезонного споживання електроенергії.
Review and comparative analysis of complex digital electrical metering devices used on modern merchant fleet
Authors: Gurov K.A. , Savolova E.V. , Yarmolovych V.Y. , Ezerovych D.M.
Published: December 2020

To monitoring and optimization the operation of merchant vessels, remote access to the ship's systems, the so-called "ship-shore" networks, is being established. This requires the use of new complex digital electrical metering devices. Choosing the right and optimal device from the available on the current market is not an easy task. This article provides an overview of the typical electrical value analyzers used to create online data collection and transmission systems. A comparative review of the three devices currently widely used by different manufacturers (Phoenix Contact, Germany; ABB, Switzerland; DEIF, Denmark). The data reviewed is compiled into a table. Examples of the usage of these devices on specific vessels are given.
Стан розвитку та шляхи удосконалення систем автоматичного керування параметрами випромінювання DFB лазерів
Authors: Похлєбіна Н. О. , Мазур О. В. , Ковальчук Д. А.
Published: December 2020

Робота присвячена дослідженню напівпровідникових лазерів, їх функціонуванню, формалізації процесу як об'єкту керування. Розглянуті системи автоматичного керування  напівпровідниковими лазерними діодами з розподіленим зворотнім зв’язком, зокрема одночастотні DFB- (англ. Distributed feedbacklaser «з розподіленим зворотним зв'язком»)лазерні діоди, які використовуються, як в якості високостабільних джерел оптичного сигналу у системах передачі даних так і джерел  випромінювання із змінною довжиною хвилі випромінювання. Приведені основні відомості про лазерні діоди, їх характеристики та класифікація за фізичним станом. Розглянуті питання використання DFB-лазерів в якості джерела когерентного електромагнітного випромінювання зі змінною довжиною хвилі випромінювання. Представлена структурна схема типового напівпровідникового лазерного DFB-модуля, з взаємозв’язками між його основними компонентами. Проведена параметризація процесу формування лазерного випромінювання до рівня параметричної схеми. Представлена параметрична схема процесу як об’єкту керування та структурна схема моделі процесу. Проведено аналіз структурної організація існуючих систем автоматичного керування.  Розглянуті принципи побудови існуючих систем автоматичного керування, які використовуються для формування когерентного електромагнітного випромінювання в системах передачі даних за технологією оптичного мультиплексування CWDM(Coarse Walelenght Devision Multiplexing) та DWDM (Dense Walelenght Devision Multiplexing). Виявлено основні недоліки та розглянуті можливі рішення для удосконалення структури і  функцій систем автоматичного керування процесом. Представлені структурні схемі перспективних систем автоматичного керування побудованих за принципами інваріантності та автономності.
Logistical transportation routes optimization for Brazilian soybean: an application of the origin-destination matrix
Authors: Oliveira Andréa Leda Ramos de , Filassi Monique , Lopes Bruna Fernanda Ribeiro , Marsola Karina Braga
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: The last Brazilian agricultural frontier known as MATOPIBA, an acronym for the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piaui and Bahia, is a region that has stood out in the scenario of modern large-scale agriculture intensive in capital and technology. However, barriers related to the transportation system, especially regarding the high logistics costs, have been negatively impacting this sector. To optimize the performance of this chain, a model for minimizing transportation costs was developed, using linear programming with an origin-destination matrix. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate whether the use of the North-South Railroad has potential as a new alternative intermodal route for soybean export from the MATOPIBA region, in order to minimize the transportation costs and promote the viability of new ports located in the northeast region of the country. This configuration can also contribute to reduce the overload of Santos Port (SP). Two scenarios were proposed based on the 2016/17 harvest of soybeanwhere the first scenario (A) consisted only of road routes, while the second (B), in addition to these routes, incorporated road-rail and road-water way intermodal routes. As a result, total transportation cost was reduced by 30% in scenario B and about half of all cargo was shipped by the new intermodal road-rail route to the Itaqui Port in the Northeast region. This configuration promotes a more sustainable logistics chain for soy, with more rational use of transport modes and decentralization of investments to other regions.