bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Técnicas de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la lengua quechua en educación superior
Authors: Rojas Anaya Yanina , Valencia Ochoa Yaned , Llamacponcca Román Yolanda , Mendoza Gorvenia José Luis , Cajavilca Ochoa Crisólogo
Published: November 2021

La adquisición de una segunda lengua es fundamental en la formación profesional, más aún en un país plurilingüe como el nuestro. La lengua de nuestros ancestros el quechua, subyace en las vivencias de los peruanos, ya que la cosmogonía andina forma parte de nuestra idiosincrasia; por ello, se hace imperioso aprender este idioma por ser la raíz de nuestra cultura. El aprendizaje de una segunda lengua, implica el conocimiento y dominio de la didáctica de la segunda lengua (L2), por lo que, es imprescindible desarrollar investigaciones sobre este tema. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje para la adquisición de la lengua nativa quechua como L2.  El tipo de investigación fue básico, porque buscó describir y ampliar el conocimiento sobre metodologías para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la lengua quechua; el diseño es ‘no experimental’, ya que no fue necesario modificar ni alterar los datos recolectados para llegar a los resultados.  Las conclusiones a las que se llegaron nos permiten identificar que es necesario aplicar metodologías coherentes a la adquisición de segundas lenguas, identificando las técnicas y procedimientos acordes al nuevo vocabulario, lectura, comprensión y expresión.
Psicología positiva: una perspectiva que supera el límite de la enfermedad mental
Authors: Del Castillo Estrada Gareth
Published: November 2021

El presente trabajo busca comentar una nueva perspectiva sustentada por la psicología positiva, interesada en la ampliación del panorama de acción de la psicología como ciencia, bajo el enfoque salugénico de la salud, en oposición al enfoque tradicional centrado en la enfermedad, justificando la inadecuación de una orientación hacia la deficiencia o falta de salud y valorando el potencial humano como camino al bienestar y la felicidad en la vida, para lo cual se analizar aportes teóricos de la psicología positiva y algunas prácticas importantes para su investigación.
Metabolic Tumor Volume for Patients with Lymphomas
Authors: Vinogradova Yu. N. , Ilyin N. V. , Tlostanova M. S. , Ivanova A. A.
Published: November 2021

Visual analysis of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans and semiquantitative parameter of glucose’s standardized uptake value are used in PET/CT with18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). Recently some volumetric parameters, which can evaluate metabolic tumor volume for patients with lymphomas and total lesion glycolysis in the tumor sites are established. In our study this problem was analyzed for different types of lymphomas considering clinical importance of these rates and their bond to known factors of international prognostic index.
Role of Radiology Methods in Differential Diagnosis of Fibrous Dysplasia of Base of the Skull
Authors: Laryukov A. V. , Laryukova E. K.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Improvement of the differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia of the of the base of the skull on the basis of X-ray computed tomography data, taking into account clinical and medical data.Material and methods: The results of examination of 24 patients with lesions of the base of the skull were analyzed. Group 1: 15 patients with fibrous dysplasia, directed to examination with a diagnosis of osteoplastic metastases of the base of the skull. Group 2: 9 patients with metastases to the base of the skull. All patients underwent computer tomography and SPECT/CT.Results: Comparison of clinical and radiological symptoms in patients with metastatic lesions of the base of the skull (group 2) and patients with fibrous dysplasia of the base of the skull (group 1) allows us to state that errors in the differential diagnosis of bone metastases and fibrous dysplasia of the base of the skull in a number of cases are associated with a lack of awareness of radiologists.Conclusion: The presented data will help to improve the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia of the base of the skull.
Shear Wave Ultrasonic Elastometry in Diagnostics of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Neck Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Gudilina E. A. , Danzanova T. Yu. , Lepedatu P. I. , Sinyukova G. T.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Determination of informative value of a new method of ultrasound tomography, based on the properties of elasticity of soft tissues, in the differential diagnosis of metastatic lesions of the lymph nodes of the neck thyroid cancer.Material and methods: To assess the capabilities of shear wave ultrasound elastometry in the diagnosis of metastatic lesions of the lymph nodes in thyroid cancer, a study was carried out with 45 patients with suspected thyroid cancer. The work was performed by devices Acuson S2000 Siemens, Avius hi vision Hitachi using a linear sensor with a frequency of 5–12 MHz. For each object of the study, from 5 to 10 measurements of the shear wave velocity in m / s were made, depending on the size of the lymph nodes.Results: Reliable results were obtained in the group of altered lymph nodes (statistical significance p < 0.05). Interquartile intervals and the most common values of shear wave velocities do not overlap: in metastases — 2.20– 3.36 m/s, with hyperplasia of lymph nodes — 0.70–1.88 m/s, and medians show a significant difference in velocities: metastases — 3.00 m/s, hyperplastic lymph nodes 1.38 m/s.Conclusions: Shear wave elastography objectifies ultrasound studies, obtaining specific indicators of shear wave velocity in the areas of interest, and can be used as an additional diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of metastatic and hyperplastic lymph nodes.
Radioiodine Ablation for Thyroid Cancer. Historical and Modern Aspects. Literature Review
Authors: Shurinov A. Yu. , Krylov V. V. , Borodavina E. V.
Published: November 2021

Thyroid cancer is the most common oncological pathology of the endocrine system organs with a continuing trend towards an increase in the incidence. Radioiodine therapy (RIT) is the second stage of combined treatment, it is carried out only as an adjuvant treatment, it is an uncontested method of radio-targeted therapy for distant metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The method of radioiodine therapy is based on the unique natural affinity of iodine atoms for the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland and DTC cells. Determination of indications for RIT is based on stratification of recurrence risk, persistence, and disease prevalence. Over the past 15 years, the world’s leading professional communities have repeatedly revised approaches to risk stratification. Consideration of the mutational profile of the tumor and the theranostic approach have become significant innovations.Radioiodine therapy can be presented in the form of three modes: ablation of residual thyroid tissue, treatment of residual tumor and treatment of distant metastases. These regimens differ in the administered therapeutic activity of 131I, which looks logical from the point of view of the necessary personalization of the treatment. At the same time, in scientific circles, disputes about the absence of significant differences in the used therapeutic activities of 131I prescribed for radioiodine ablation outside the personalized approach do not subside.
Safety Study of AAV hTert and Klotho Gene Transfer Therapy for Dementia
Authors: Sewell Patrick E
Published: November 2021

A sponsored, interventional, non-randomized study without a control group using a novel and proprietary central nervous system gene transfer method to deliver AAV hTert and Klotho genes to five patients with mild or moderate dementia was performed to primarily evaluate safety. Clinical response data was gathered as a secondary interest. The therapy demonstrated a very high safety profile with no serious adverse effects identified. Clinical evaluation of the patients over the course of the one year follow up yielded significant findings with all five patients demonstrating evident reversal of Dementia symptoms such as sustained cognitive improvement as measured by the Folstein exam. Telomere analysis was performed before and after the therapy. A measurable elongation of the participants telomeres was identified, and biological age was reduced as chronological age increased.
SOLITONS AND OTHER SOLUTIONS FOR THE (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL HEISENBERG FERROMAGNETIC SPIN CHAIN EQUATION USING IMPROVED MODIFIED EXTENDED TANH-FUNCTION METHOD
Authors: Darwish A. , Ahmed H.M. , Ammar M. , Ali M.H. , Arnous A.H.
Published: November 2021

This paper studies $(2 + 1)$-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain model by using improved modified extended tanh-function method. Various types of solutions are extracted such as bright solitons, singular solitons, dark solitons, singular periodic solutions, Weierstrass elliptic periodic type solutions and exponential function solutions. Moreover, some of the obtained solutions are represented graphically.
Comparación de Modelos Empíricos de pérdida LPWAN por Propagación en el campus Prosperina de la ESPOL: Resultados derivados de un estudio empírico
Authors: Arguello Andrade Geovanny , Ramos Boris , Del Rosario Edison
Published: November 2021

La tecnología de largo alcance LoRa, como parte de tecnologías de bajo consumo energético LPWAN, permite establecer comunicaciones inalámbricas a kilómetros de distancia con bajas tasas de transmisión. Sus características, inducen a la creación de nuevas líneas de investigación para comprender su comportamiento en diversos ambientes y diferenciarlas de otras tecnologías similares. En esta investigación, se caracteriza a la tecnología LoRa en contraste con Sigfox y NBIoT. Se evalúa el efecto de pérdidas en la propagación que tiene la tecnología LoRa, con mediciones realizadas en ambientes tanto abiertos como cubiertos por vegetación, dentro de las instalaciones de la Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), campus Gustavo Galindo Velasco o Prosperina. Se establece un modelo de pérdida por gradiente, utilizando regresión de mínimos cuadrados (LS). Se registra el parámetro RSSI en paquetes enviados a través de una topología punto a punto entre nodos, y se obtiene un valor de potencia promedio recibida en cada nodo. El modelo obtenido, es de gradiente múltiple y se lo compara con otros modelos de propagación como el modelo de pérdida en espacio libre (FSL), y tres modelos empíricos como son, modelo COST-231 Hata, modelo de la ciudad de Dortmund (Alemania) y el modelo de la ciudad de Oulu (Finlandia), siendo este último el que presenta menor error de dispersión con el modelo obtenido.
Análisis Comparativo de Métodos de Consenso sobre Plataformas Blockchain
Authors: Campaña Iza Ximena , Zumba Sampedro Xavier , Morales Morales Mario , Morales Cardoso Santiago
Published: November 2021

En la presente investigación se plantea realizar un análisis comparativo entre los diferentes métodos de consenso existentes, los cuales son los encargados de registrar, validar y realizar transacciones dentro de la tecnología Blockchain. Se identifica la presencia de propiedades consideradas como esenciales para su aplicabilidad y eficacia. Se considera características relevantes que permitan determinar cuál o cuáles de los diferentes métodos de consenso ayudan a mejorar problemas de escalabilidad o seguridad que tiene, hasta el momento, esta tecnología en cada plataforma. Se determina el valor de cada una de las características y posteriormente se asigna ponderaciones. Cada una de las características consideradas para la comparación no poseen la misma relevancia, por lo cual, se realiza una nueva ponderación que permite obtener resultados de acuerdo al valor e importancia de éstas en cada uno de los protocolos. Finalmente, se determina que los protocolos con mejores características son Tolerancia Delegada de Fallas Bizantinas, Prueba de Participación Delegada y Prueba de Trabajo; siendo Tolerancia Delegada de Fallas Bizantinas el mejor método por realizar 10.000 transacciones por segundo con baja latencia y un bajo consumo de recursos, entre las características más relevantes.
Nativos digitales y desinformación: un acercamiento desde el sur de Ecuador
Authors: Elizalde Robles Rocío Margoth , Rodríguez-Hidalgo Claudia
Published: November 2021

Esta investigación indaga en las prácticas de verificación informativa en los nativos digitales, con el uso de herramientas tecnológicas. El objetivo es poner a prueba un chatbot para realizar verificación informativa con elementos de inteligencia artificial; adicionalmente se busca conocer los hábitos de consumo informativo y el conocimiento sobre la desinformación y los sistemas de verificación de contenidos. Se emplea una metodología cualitativa a partir del trabajo con grupo focal. La población se constituye entre personas de sexo masculino y femenino de las generaciones jóvenes, conocidos como nativos digitales, cuyas edades se centran entre la segunda década de vida. Se recolectan datos primarios, a partir de un testeo guiado por tres bloques de preguntas: preguntas de estímulo-inicio, preguntas de desarrollo, bloque de cierre. Los resultados permiten inferir que los nativos digitales gozan de competencia mediática al momento de navegar en entornos digitales, sin que esto implique experticia al momento de interactuar con la desinformación o desarrollar su verificación, para lo cual se reconoce una necesidad formativa. Resulta novedoso y útil, para esta población, el desarrollo y empleo de herramientas que aporten a comprender mejor el fenómeno desinformativo y cómo abordarlo en los entornos cercanos con los cuales se relacionan.
Virtualización de las asignaturas de estudios generales en la formación universitaria. Propuesta de concepción teórico-metodológica para su aplicación
Authors: Medina Crespo José
Published: November 2021

Los estudios generales en la formación universitaria al ser de tronco común en todas las carreras han acarreado problemas de espacio para cumplir con su oferta. Estas asignaturas proporcionan conocimientos y habilidades que complementan la formación profesional. La virtualización permite integrar o reemplazar, según sea el caso, la presencialidad en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, lo que favorece al ahorro de recursos y la adaptación en espacio-tiempo de las necesidades de los estudiantes y docentes conforme a la disponibilidad de herramientas tecnológicas que en la actualidad forman parte del proceso educativo. Este informe desarrolla una concepción teórico-metodológica con dimensiones y componentes que orientan el proceso de virtualización educativa para los estudios generales en la formación universitaria, como opción para la optimización de recursos y generación de nuevos espacios de aprendizaje basados en dimensiones con dos componentes: el teórico y el metodológico, en el cual se precisan las orientaciones para el desarrollo de la concepción. En el componente teórico se establecen las bases conceptuales de la propuesta mientras que en el componente metodológico se presentan las etapas del componente y sus respectivas acciones para su implementación en las asignaturas de estudios generales en la formación universitaria.
Plataforma para Análisis de Mercado a través de Datos de Redes Sociales
Authors: Fajardo Cárdenas Patricio , Bravo Ariel , Auquilla Andrés , Vanegas Paúl
Published: November 2021

En la actualidad, en especial en tiempos de pandemia, el comercio electrónico se convierte en la manera predominante de comercializar productos y servicios en el mundo. Un estudio realizado por la Cámara Ecuatoriana de Comercio Electrónico, en el año 2020, demuestra que las compras y ventas a través de canales digitales se han incrementado al menos 15 veces desde el inicio de la pandemia. Por lo tanto, para realizar estudios de mercado las empresas deben buscar nuevas formas de extraer información para luego desarrollar un análisis de la misma y así obtener una ventaja competitiva. La extracción de datos es un proceso complejo y poco escalable, de manera que, esta investigación presenta una metodología para la extracción de información de un sector industrial determinado. La metodología consiste en dos pasos fundamentales, primero se realiza un ranking de las principales fuentes de información disponibles y más utilizadas en un determinado sector de la industria, se consideran varias características y opinión de expertos. Segundo, se propone una plataforma, la cual integra las fuentes de información mejor rankeadas y realiza la extracción de datos. Finalmente, estos datos se presentan en un Dashboard con la disponibilidad de poder descargar y hacer uso en estudios posteriores. Se concluye que las 4 plataformas que mayor beneficio ofrecen para esta investigación son: Google Trends, Facebook, YouTube y Twitter. También existen fuentes de información que al aplicar el análisis propuesto tienen una calificación alta, sin embargo, la extracción de los datos es difícil debido a sus políticas de seguridad.
Implementación del algoritmo K-means para clusterización de señales EEG durante la aplicación de una prueba Stroop
Authors: Cárdenas Delgado Paúl , Prado Daniela , Iglesias Bruno , Urdiales Ronnie , Orellana Marcos , Cedillo Orellana Irene Priscila
Published: November 2021

El análisis de datos y la generación de modelos mediante aprendizaje automático (Machine Learning - ML por sus siglas en inglés) es una de las técnicas más usadas por la comunidad científica para obtener conocimiento que no se puede interpretar o analizar a simple vista. En este documento, se aborda el tema específico de la obtención, procesamiento de datos y modelado de los mismos mediante técnicas de agrupamiento, concretamente el algoritmo de K-Means. Los datos se obtienen a través de una herramienta de interfaz cerebro computador (ICC - BCI por sus siglas en inglés) basada en electroencefalograma (EEG), mientras un sujeto de prueba realiza una tarea de tipo Stroop, la cual permite a los psicólogos evaluar el control inhibitorio de las personas. La aplicación de este tipo de algritmo en esta área especifica, busca poder identificar patrones dentro de las señales EEG relacionados al estado del sujeto. La captura de datos se ejecuta en tres diferentes horas del día, matutina , vespertina, y nocturna, durante dos días consecutivos, con el objetivo de obtener variabilidad en los datos. Si bien la muestra de datos es pequeña, se puede emplear como punto de partida para el análisis del algoritmo K-means en señales EEG durante la ejecución del test Stroop. Los resultados se muestran tanto desde el punto de vista técnico como psicológico, y se puede ver en la clusterización realizada con las señales en el dominio del tiempo, que existe un patrón de agrupación según la hora del día en la que se realiza el test. Por otra parte, para la clusterización con las señales en el dominio de la frecuencia este patrón no resulta tan evidente. Desde la perspectiva psicológica, se comprueba que el proceso de aprendizaje y de acomodación al momento de realizar una prueba psicológica, disminuye su potencial.
Artificial intelligence-controlled pole balancing using an Arduino board
Authors: Revelo Orellana José Luis , Chang Oscar
Published: November 2021

Automation Process (AP) is an important issue in the current digitized world and, in general, represents an increase in the quality of productivity when compared with manual control. Balance is a natural human capacity as it relates to complex operations and intelligence. Balance Control presents an extra challenge in automation processes, due to the many variables that may be involved.  This work presents a physical balancing pole where a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent can explore the environment, sense its position through accelerometers, and wirelessly communicate and eventually learns by itself how to keep the pole balanced under noise disturbance. The agent uses RL principles to explore and learn new positions and corrections that lead toward more significant rewards in terms of pole equilibrium. By using a Q-matrix, the agent explores future conditions and acquires policy information that makes it possible to maintain stability. An Arduino microcontroller processes all training and testing. With the help of sensors, servo motors, wireless communications, and artificial intelligence, components merge into a system that consistently recovers equilibrium under random position changes. The obtained results prove that through RL, an agent can learn by itself to use generic sensors, actuators and solve balancing problems even under the limitations that a microcontroller presents.
Machine learning approach for multidimensional poverty estimation
Authors: Ochoa Guaraca Mario Esteban , Castro Ricardo , Arias Pallaroso Alexander , Machado Antonia , Sucozhañay Dolores
Published: November 2021

In the social sciences, a theoretical analysis has predominated in its research. The scarcity of data and its difficulty in collecting and storing it, has been the main limitation for the social sciences to adopt quantitative approaches. However, the large amount of information generated in recent years, mainly through the use of the Internet, has allowed the social sciences to include more and more quantitative analysis. This study proposes the use of technologies such as Machine Learning (ML) are the answers to solving this data scarcity. The objective is to estimate the multidimensional poverty index at the personal level in a particular territory of Ecuador by using Machine Learning (ML) regression models based on a limited amount of data for training. Ten ML models are compared, such as linear, regularized, and assembled models and Random Forest performs outstandingly against the other models. An error of 7.5% was obtained in the cross-validation and 7.48% with the test data set. The estimates are compared with statistical approximations of the MPI in a geographical area and it is obtained that the average MPI estimated by the model compared to the average reported by the statistical studies differs by 1%.
Influencia emocional en árbitros de fútbol aplicando tecnologías de sensores
Authors: Espín Pazmiño Luis , Enderica Malo Margareth Priscilla
Published: November 2021

En el ámbito deportivo, las decisiones arbitrales siempre han estado bajo la lupa de los deportistas, directivos y espectadores, por tal motivo se mantiene en constante evaluación y entrenamiento el tema de reducir el error. Es necesario exponer que la toma de decisiones se puede generar bajo la influencia directa de las emociones, puesto que el proceso de respuestas emocionales es inconsciente y pueden interferir durante el desarrollo de diversas actividades, en este caso, a las relacionadas con el arbitraje. Por ello, se genera un prototipo de sensores en función a los parámetros fisiológicos de la temperatura corporal y la frecuencia cardiaca como patrones de expresión de diversos estados emocionales de este grupo de deportistas, y a base de la representación del modelo de afectividad positiva y negativa, se identifica el estado o cambios de estados emocionales durante la ejecución de un partido. Luego, con uso del material audiovisual se realiza, con criterio de expertos, el análisis de toma de decisiones de los participantes en estas pruebas. Los árbitros participantes, en las pruebas de campo, se les registra con mayor frecuencia dos estados relacionados con valencia positiva y solo un estado de valencia negativa, sin embargo, en la mayoría de los casos, en el análisis de datos se observa que la toma de decisiones se alinea correctamente con el reglamento.
HISTORIOGRAFI MANAQIB SYEKH ABDUL QADIR JAILANI & PERKEMBANGANNYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sujati Budi
Published: November 2021

Dalam tradisi penulisan sejarah (historiografi) kemanusiaan yang lebih detail dengan tema penulisan karomah telah ada semenjak abad ke 4 H/ 10 M. Adapun kitab-kitabnya dinamakan dengan sebutan al-manaqib yang penggunaan populernya adalah karomah. Salah satunya adalah karomah Syekh Abdul Qadir Jailani yang banyak mendapat pengikut di dunia Islam khususnya di Indonesia. Keistimewaan-keistimewaan yang didapatkan oleh Syekh Abdul Qadir Jailani dari Allah SWT merupakan sebagai bukti bahwa manusia yang dianggap suci dan bersih dan terpilih akan mendapatkan sebuah karomah sebagai representasi dari bukti kebesaran sang pemilik dunia. Banyak sekali peristiwa-peristiwa aneh yang dialami oleh Syekh Abdul Qadir Jailani yang menurut kaum positifistik-materialistik tidak mungkin terjadi dan berada diluar akal manusia menjadi perdebatan hingga sekarang. Oleh karenanya, tulisan ini akan menjelaskan (explanation) mulai dari peristiwa-peristiwa yang dialami oleh Syekh Abdul Qadir Jailani, manaqib menurut Islam dan perkembangan munculnya Manaqib Syekh Abdul Qadir Jailani di Indonesia.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA FOTO DAN GAMBAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI PENINGGALAN SEJARAH DAN TOKOH SEJARAH ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Agus Gustaman Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Lack of interest in learning about historical heritage materials and Islamic historical figures in Indonesia. This can be seen from the learning achievement of students who are less than the KKM as many as 59.38%. Researchers use photo and image media to improve student learning outcomes, because photo and image media are concrete so students will be able to see clearly what is being discussed. This Classroom Action Research uses John Elliot's CAR Model, covering 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of four stages, namely: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The research location is in SMP Negeri 1 Margahayu Kab. Bandung. The object of research is the students of grade 9 J, totaling 40 people. The results showed that in the pre-cycle of students who scored above the KKM (completed) there were 18 people with an average score of 64.87 or 45% of all students. In the first cycle of students who are above the KKM score as many as 22 people with an average value of all students 72.37 or 62.5%, in the first cycle there is an increase of 17.5% from the completion of pre-cycle activities. Then the average value in the second cycle of students who completed reached 40 people with an average value of 79.5 students who achieved 100% completeness, were in very good qualifications and experienced an increase of 37.5% from cycle I. This shows increasing student learning outcomes on historical heritage materials and Islamic historical figures in Indonesia.
URGENSI LITERASI DIGITAL BAGI GURU SMP YABUJAH DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Rifai Akhmad
Published: November 2021

Di tengah mewabahnya pandemi Covid-19, dunia pendidikan bergerak dinamis menyesuaikan situasi yakni belajar dari rumah. Di tengah upaya penanggulangan Covid-19 dengan kebijakan social distancing maupun learn from home, pendidikan tetap bisa dilaksanakan dengan penerapan pembelajaran jarak jauh yang mentransformasikan pembelajaran dengan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi berbasis internet dan digital. Pendidikan berbasis digital menjadi transformasi yang tepat di tengah perpaduan situasi pandemi dan perkembangan teknologi informasi. Ruang kelas di sekolah bukan lagi menjadi fasilitas utama penunjang keberlangsungan pembelajaran.  Sehingga guru dituntut memberikan materi secara virtual ataupun online kepada para peserta didik lewat kelas virtual ataupun fasilitas kelas digital. Bagaimana dari rumah masing-masing, aktivitas belajar-mengajar tetap bisa dilakukan secara interaktif dan komprehensif. Tentunya guru sangat membutuhkan keterbukaan wawasan ihwal literasi digital dalam dunia pendidikan. Penulis akan mengelaborasikan urgensi literasi digital bagi guru di SMP YABUJAH pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Di mana tulisan ini disusun dengan memakai metode kualitatif-deskriptif, serta teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Hasilnya proses pembelajaran di masa pandemi Covid-19 telah membentuk kemampuan literasi digital yang baik. Di mana unsur-unsur literasi digital yang harus dipenuh adalah kemampuan menganalisa informasi digital, kemampuan berkreasi, berinovasi dan berkolaborasi, kemampuan menciptakan materi maupun metode belajar yang efektif, serta kepatuhan pada norma dan etika di dunia digital. Sedangkan urgensi dan manfaat yang dirasakan guru SMP YABUJAH yakni Penghematan waktu dan proses pembelajaran lebih efektif dan efisien; Penyajian Materi Pembelajaran Lebih Kreatif, Inovatif, dan Interaktif; Penghematan Uang dan Lebih Produktif; Bentuk kepatuhan pada Kebijakan Pemerintah serta Merasa Lebih Aman dan Bahagia.
Assessment of the photosensitizer efficacy after determination of threshold doses initiating erythrocyte hemolysis
Authors: Alekseev Yu. V. , Mislavsky O. V , Duvanskiy V. A. , Duvanskiy R. A. , Drozdova N. V.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To find out a technique for determining the effectiveness of porphyrin-type photosensitizers with concentrations which cause hemolysis in erythrocytes (hemolysis threshold). The hemolysis threshold is found under the following conditions: irradiation in the Soret band with standard parameters – power density, exposure dose, irradiation time.

Material and methods. Phototherapeutic device “AST” (LLC “Pankov-medical”) – average power 0.5 W, wavelength ≈ 405 nm. Rat blood erythrocytes. “Multiscan MS” device manufactured by Labsystems, Finland. Preparation “Dimegin”, hematoporphyrin derivative; preparation “Photoditazine” (LLC “VETA-GRAND”), chlorine E6 derivative.

Results. On analyzing the results obtained after experimentation with the abovementioned two preparations, it was shown that the developed technique has a high efficacy. It was also shown that the studied photosensitizers are equally effective when irradiated in the Soret band.

Conclusion. The developed technique is simple and easy to use. It helps to assess the efficacy of various photosensitizers thus, facilitating the selection of their necessary concentrations for managing different diseases.
Comparative analysis of short-term outcomes after surgical treatment of varicose disease with endovasal laser obliteration and short stripping
Authors: Gavrilenko A. V. , Ananeva M. V. , Vakhratyan P. E. , Kosenkov A. N. , Musaev M. M.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes (within six months) after short stripping (SS) and endovenous laser obliteration (EVLO) in patients with varicose veins when analyzing ultrasound findings, postoperative complications, level of postoperative pain, clinical manifestations, and duration of rehabilitation after the intervention. Patients with varicose veins of lower extremities and insufficiency of large saphenous vein valves had either EVLO or SS with miniflebectomy. All patients were examined before surgery and then in 5 days, 10 days and in 1, 3 and 6 months after it. The patients also had clinical examination, ultrasound duplex scanning of their lower extremity veins; Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) was also used for the trial. Pain was assessed during the first 10 days after the surgery using a 10-point pain assessment scale. 156 patients (177 lower extremities) were followed-up for 6 months. As the results of our study showed, endovenous laser obliteration and short stripping were equally effective in eliminating the reflux of the great saphenous vein (GSV). After 6 months of follow-up, the reflux along the medial inflow was noted in one case in SS group; partial GSV recanalization was noted in one case in EVLO group in 3 months, in 3 cases – in 6 months. Besides, despite LMH preventive doses one patient from EVLO group had EHIT II deep vein thrombosis. The obtained outcomes have demonstrated that EVLO and SS have similar effectiveness and safety. No difference has been found between these two types of treatment, except more pronounced postoperative pain and bruising in SS group. Performed care was equally safe and effective in eliminating GSV reflux, in relieving symptoms and eliminating varicose veins as well as in improving the quality of life. Long-term outcomes, especially the rate of relapses depending on the type of intervention, are to be investigated in future trials.
2011-2021 – Ten more years of development of laser medical equipment and technologies
Authors: Minaev V. P.
Published: November 2021

The article presents a review on laser medical equipment and laser medical technologies developed for this equipment which have appeared for the last ten years.
Congratulations on the anniversary of G.E. Brill
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2021

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Anti-ischemic effect and cardiodynamic changes under low-intensive laser irradiation compared to the obsidan effect in patients with angina pectoris
Authors: Streltsova N. N. , Vasiliev A. P.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: to estimate the anti-anginal effect and to assess changes in hemodynamic parameters in patients with angina pectoris (AP) under low-intensive laser irradiation and to compare them with those under Obsidan preparation administration.

Materials and methods. 70 males with AP of functional class I–IV were enrolled in the study and randomized into 2 equivalent groups: Group 1 – patients who took Obsidan; Group 2 — patients who were treated with infrared laser light. Patients were examined at the initial stage-one hour after 40 mg Obsidan take (Group 1), and one month after 10-day course of laser therapy (LT) (Group 2). All patients had echocardiography and cycle ergometric test.

Results. The performed examinations showed a statistically significant increase in exercise tolerance in patients of LT group and Obsidan group by 35.0% and 34.1%, respectively. It should be noted that echocardiographic indicators had unidirectional, statistically significant shifts characterized by improvements in the myocardial inotropic function: decrease in the end-systolic volume by 17.9% and 18.8%, increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction from 50.3 ± 6.2 to 55.7 ± 5.8% and from 46.3 ± 4.3 to 50.1 ± 6.1 after LT and Obsidan , respectively. The optimal diastolic cardiac function was confirmed by the reduced time of myocardium isometric relaxation from 112.9 ± 24.3 to 94.3 ± 25.3 ms (p=0.012) under LT and from 110.3 ± 22.7 to 97.3 ± 19.3 ms under Obsidan (p=0.012). Results of the exercise tolerance test indicated the activation of cardiac economy mechanisms in both groups.

Conclusion. Low-intensive LT had an impact at the cardiac activity similar to that of Obsidan. Moreover, it also has the equal anti-ischemic effect what may be explained by the decrease of energy expenditure during physical activity in patients with AP.
Impact of THz Frequency on Underwater Acoustic Wave Propagation for Short Range Wireless Applications
Authors: Md Rabiul Awal  , Muhammad Syarifuddin Yahya  , Nurafnida Afrizal  , Ahmad Zaki Annuar  , Wan Hafiza Wan Hassan
Published: November 2021

Acoustic propagation in seawater is an important aspect of scientific investigation. However, the impact of the THz scale frequencies for acoustic propagation is not included in the studies. Thus, a finite element analysis of such propagation in a seawater medium is presented in this paper applying THz frequencies. A transmitter (circular with a diameter of 14 mm, a thickness of 3 mm) and a rectangular receiver (20×10×0.5 mm3) are designed to trace the variations in the propagation mediums. A propagation medium of seawater (70×40×60 mm3) with ice and softwood is modelled. A scale of frequencies (1 kHz to 1 THz) is applied to trace the impact on the propagation pattern. It is found that THz range frequencies provide a very small wavelength. As a result, the potential propagation distance is very small. As such, the sound pressure level, displacements of the receiver and pressure field shows very rapid drops in the magnitude. This work considers only 70 mm as propagation distance, yet the sharp decrement of performance parameters suggests that it is rather inconvenient to achieve useful efficiency using THz frequencies for acoustic propagation.
Stress Analysis of Composite Aircraft Wing using Coupled Fluid-Structural Analysis
Authors: Jaffar Syed Mohamed Ali  , Shahzatul Sakinah Binti Haron
Published: November 2021

Aircraft wings are designed with very low factor of safety to keep the aircraft weight minimum. Thus, for safe design of wings, stress analysis should be carried out under accurately estimated aerodynamic loads and this can be achieved only through coupled fluid-structure analysis. Moreover, modern aircraft wings are made of laminated composite structures and thus the purpose of this study is to employ ANSYS coupled fluid-structure analysis to find the best layup of composite wing of an aircraft that results in higher specific strength and specific stiffness. Firstly, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis has been carried out to find the actual aerodynamic load which is the pressure distribution around a three-dimensional wing. Then, this pressure distribution from CFD was used as a load input for detailed static structural analysis of the wing. Initially, strength and stiffness of an isotropic wing is evaluated and then the material of the wing was changed to composite laminates to achieve better structural performance with higher strength and stiffness to weight ratio. Stress analysis was carried out for different layups to predict the optimum layup that results in high strength and stiffness coupled with the least weight and it was found that the wing made of symmetric cross-ply laminate performs the best.
Effect of Cut-Out Shape on the Stresses in Aircraft Wing Ribs under Aerodynamic Load
Authors: Jaffar Syed Mohamed Ali  , Wan Muhammad Hafizuddin W. Embong  , Abdul Aabid
Published: November 2021

Ribs in aircraft wings maintain the airfoil shape of the wing under aerodynamic loads and also support the resulting bending and shear loads that act on the wing. Aircrafts are designed for least weight and hence the wings are made of hollow torsion box and the ribs are designed with cut-outs to reduce the weight of the aircraft structure. These cut-outs on the ribs will lead to higher stresses and stress concentration that can lead to failure of the aircraft structures. The stresses depend on the shape of the cut-outs in the ribs and thus in the present work, the commercial software ANSYS was used to evaluate the stresses on the ribs with different shapes of cut-outs. Four different shapes of cut-out were considered to study the effect of cut-out shape on the stresses in the ribs. It was found that the best shape for the cut-outs on the ribs of wings to reduce weight is elliptical.
The Burden of Penile Cancer in Bali Compared to Other Provinces in Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Desak Putu Oki , Riasa I Nyoman Putu , Niramayah Putu Kania Iswari , Armerinayanti Ni Wayan , Cahyawati Putu Nita , Sari Kartika , Widodo Irianiwati , Haryana Rika Mubarika
Published: November 2021

Objective: In Indonesia, 45% of the total penile cancer cases are concentrated in Bali province, where penile cancer is ranked as the most common cancer during 2013. However, the incidences of penile cancer in Bali and other provinces in Indonesia are still unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine the age-standardized incidence rate (ASR), age-specific incidence rate (AR), and crude rate incidence (CRI) of penile cancer in Bali and other provinces in Indonesia.
Methods: The data were obtained from 11 provinces in Indonesia over a period of 10 years (2004-2013). The samples were 1032 new cases of penile cancer collected manually from the registry. ASR, AR, and CRI were calculated based on the number of new penile cancer cases per 100,000 men in a given province. Indonesian population standard was used to calculate the age-standardized incidence rate.
Result: There were variations on ASR, AR, and CRI for penile cancer in Indonesia. We found that the average CRI in Indonesia is 0.1 per 100,000 men. The incidence is found to be higher in Bali compared to other provinces. The average ASR in Bali is 2.1 per 100,000 men, CRI is 2.5 per 100,000 men, and the peak of AR being 12.9 per 100,000 men in the age group of 55-64 years old. The incidence of penile cancer is found to increase with age. In Bali, the peak incidence is in the 6th and 7th decades of life. The ASR and CRI of penile cancer in other provinces were less than 1 per 100,000 males.
Conclusion:  The highest incidence of penile cancer is found in the Bali province compared to other provinces in Indonesia. This problem requires more serious attention and further research to identify the risk factors.
Limited evidence for learning in a shuttle box paradigm in crickets (Acheta domesticus)
Authors: Stauch Kiri Li N. , Wincheski Riley J. , Albers Jonathan , Black Timothy E. , Reichert Michael S. , Abramson Charles I.
Published: November 2021

Aversive learning has been studied in a variety of species, such as honey bees, mice, and non-human primates. Since aversive learning has been found in some invertebrates and mammals, it will be interesting to know if this ability is shared with crickets. This paper provides data on aversive learning in male and female house crickets (Acheta domesticus) using a shuttle box apparatus. Crickets are an ideal subject for these experiments due to their well-documented learning abilities in other contexts and their readily quantifiable behaviors. The shuttle box involves a two-compartment shock grid in which a ‘master’ cricket can learn to avoid the shock by moving to specific designated locations, while a paired yoked cricket is shocked regardless of its location and therefore cannot learn. Baseline control crickets were placed in the same device as the experimental crickets but did not receive a shock. Male and female master crickets demonstrated some aversive learning, as indicated by spending more time than expected by chance in the correct (no shock) location during some parts of the experiment, although there was high variability in performance. These results suggest that there is limited evidence that the house crickets in this experiment learned how to avoid the shock. Further research with additional stimuli and other cricket species should be conducted to determine if house crickets and other species of crickets exhibit aversive learning.
Penser l’entreprise comme acteur politique
Authors: Lefebvre Philippe
Published: November 2021

L’idée de l’entreprise comme acteur politique est l’objet d’un fort engouement. Elle bouscule les distinctions entre public-privé, État-société civile, politique-économique. L’article met en évidence l’ascension récente de l’entreprise comme acteur politique, au carrefour des sociétés de l’Anthropocène et de leurs clivages politiques. Il ordonne la variété des acceptions avec lesquelles, dans diverses sciences sociales (science politique, sociologie, économie, sciences de gestion, droit, philosophie, histoire), on traite de l’entreprise comme acteur politique et propose un tableau des apports croisés des contributions issues de ces diverses disciplines, avant de suggérer quelques pistes pour un agenda de recherche.
Les multinationales comme catégorie politique : les années formatrices (1970-1990)
Authors: Pitteloud Sabine
Published: November 2021

À l’heure de la deuxième mondialisation, les entreprises multinationales se révèlent être des acteurs incontournables, et ce d’un point de vue non seulement économique, mais également politique. En vue d’apporter un éclairage historique sur ce phénomène, cet article analyse l’institutionnalisation progressive de la « multinationale » comme catégorie politique à part entière au sein du patronat. Sur la base d’archives conservées dans les fonds de l’Union Suisse du Commerce et de l’Industrie, il met en lumière la formation de différents groupes de travail dédiés spécifiquement à la défense des intérêts des multinationales à partir des années 1970, Si cette collaboration relève dans un premier temps d’une stratégie défensive face à l’émergence de régulations internationales sur les activités des multinationales, elle s’institutionnalise principalement au sein des structures existantes de représentation des intérêts du patronat, et permet aux groupes de travail de devenir des porte-voix pour faire valoir leurs desiderata politiques et réorienter l’action des organisations internationales vers la défense des intérêts des investisseurs privés.
Google et l’État fédéral états-unien : interdépendance, contestation et hybridation
Authors: Thibout Charles
Published: November 2021

Cet article propose de saisir l’histoire des relations entre Google et l’État fédéral états-unien à travers la notion bourdieusienne de champ du pouvoir. Dans cette perspective, il retrace le fil d’une interdépendance en construction, non pas entre deux entités artificiellement réifiées, mais entre différents agents (cadres dirigeants de Google, personnel politique et administratif) qui, situés dans leurs champs respectifs, voient leurs intérêts et leurs visions du monde converger. Cette proximité n’exclut pas tout « conflit d’intérêts et de valeurs », mais elle tend à se renforcer, en particulier sous les deux mandats présidentiels de Barack Obama, à mesure que les nouvelles technologies de l’information, domaine de spécialité de Google, deviennent un enjeu de pouvoir dépassant les frontières du champ économique. Cette dépendance de l’administration fédérale à l’égard de l’expertise technologique de Google concourt à la prise de position de ses dirigeants dans le champ du pouvoir ; aussi la répartition des rôles tend-elle à se brouiller, comme en témoignent la participation de l’entreprise à la conduite de la politique étrangère fédérale et la multiplication des circulations professionnelles de part et d’autre de la frontière public-privé.
Fondements éthiques de la responsabilité politique de l’entreprise dans l’anthropocène : de la raison d’être à la responsabilité systémique
Authors: Renouard Cécile
Published: November 2021

En analysant les raisons d’être des entreprises, par lesquelles les entreprises s’efforcent de définir leur rôle dans la cité, l’article cherche à repérer les orientations éthiques implicites de ces entreprises au regard du développement durable et, en comparant ces formulations de raisons d’être aux trajectoires des entreprises au regard des limites planétaires, à identifier celles des orientations éthiques qu’il serait bon de promouvoir dans les formes de gestion et d’encadrement juridique des entreprises, pour effectivement respecter ces limites. Dans un premier temps, sont présentées les diverses dimensions de la responsabilité politique écologique de l’entreprise décrites dans la littérature, ainsi que les critères éthiques liés aux enjeux écologiques. Dans un deuxième temps, ce cadre est appliqué à l’analyse des raisons d’être des entreprises du CAC 40. Cette étude permet de mettre en évidence certaines incertitudes et contradictions relatives à la contribution effective des (grandes) entreprises au respect des limites planétaires et le caractère encore insuffisant à cet égard des « raisons d’être », destinées par la loi Pacte à fournir un cadre de gouvernance stratégique pour toutes, et une clé de contrôle pour les parties prenantes et pour l’État, pour celles qui briguent le statut d’entreprise à mission.