bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secrets of the Underground Vietnam: an Underestimated Species Diversity of Asian Moles (Lipotyphla: Talpidae: Euroscaptor)
Authors: Zemlemerova E.D. , Bannikova A.A. , Lebedev V.S. , Rozhnov V.V. , Abramov A.V.
Published: February 2019

A study of the Southeast Asian moles of the genus Euroscaptor based on a combined approach, viz. DNA sequence data combined with a multivariate analysis of cranial characters, has revealed a high cryptic diversity of the group. An analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and five nuclear genes has revealed two deeply divergent clades: the western one (E. klossi + E. malayana + E. longirostris from Sichuan + Euroscaptor spp. from northern Vietnam and Yunnan, China), and the eastern one (E. parvidens s.l. + E. subanura). The pattern of genetic variation in the genus Euroscaptor discovered in the present study provides support for the existence of several cryptic lineages that could be treated as distinct species based on their genetic and morphological distinctness and geographical distribution. The moles from southern China and northern Vietnam form three distinct groups. The specimens from Sichuan (including the one collected from the type locality of E. longirostris) were clearly distinct from the northwestern Vietnam and Yunnan samples that were previously attributed to this species. We argue that the real distribution of E. longirostris is restricted to Sichuan, northward of Yangtze River, whereas the populations occurring southward of this isolation barrier evidently represent a new species Euroscaptor orlovi sp. nov. (northwestern Vietnam and Yunnan, southern China). Moreover, Red River that divides the western and eastern parts of northern Vietnam beyond doubt separates the population of E. orlovi from the moles occurring in northeastern Vietnam (Vinh Phuc and Cao Bang provinces); the latter are described here as Euroscaptor kuznetsovi sp. nov. Yet, genetic data are in favour of a close affinity of E. subanura with E. parvidens. A combined analysis of both genetic and morphological data has revealed a strong geographic segregation of E. parvidens samples. The populations from Dalat Plateau (southern Vietnam), including the moles from Loc Bao, Bi Dup and Chu Yang Sin, form a well-supported clade and can be considered true E. parvidens. The specimens from central Vietnam (Kon Tum and Quang Nam provinces) are significantly different from them, yet their monophyly has been supported by the mtDNA only. The moles from central Vietnam have been described here as a new subspecies Euroscaptor parvidens ngoclinhensis ssp. nov. All the studied samples of E. subanura have shown a low genetic and morphological variability despite their wide geographic range.
A New Potential Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Iron Oxide-4A Nanocomposite
Authors: Zareei L , Divband B , Mesbahi A , Khatamian M , Kiani A , Gharehaghaji N
Published: February 2019

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents have an important role to differentiate healthy and diseased tissues. Access and design new contrast agents for the optimal use of MRI are necessary. This study aims to evaluate iron oxide–4A nanocomposite ability to act as a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent.Materials and Methods: Iron oxide–4A nanocomposite (F4A) was synthesized. MTT assay was used to consider the nanocomposite safety for cell culture. The T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured using a 1.5 Tesla clinical MRI scanner. Then the corresponding relaxivities were determined.Results: The average particle diameter of the nanocomposite was 50 to 100 nm based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. A linear relationship between relaxation rates and the Fe concentration of the nanocomposite was obtained. The T1 and T2 relaxivities of the nanocomposite were calculated 5.413 and 1092.1 mM-1.s-1, respectively which led to the T2/T1 relaxivity ratioof 201.75.Conclusion: The high T2/T1 relaxivity ratio of the iron oxide–4A nanocomposite confirms it’s potential to act as a T2 contrast agent.
Study on the Ecuadorian Cultural Industry evolution specialized in animated production
Authors: Moncayo Romero Mario
Published: February 2019

Nowadays the audiovisual industry is constantly revolutionizing, it is one of the most lucrative businesses and is consumed by hundreds of people. Although it is true, the most developed countries have a great advance in the production of this type of productions, however, with the passage of time, Ecuador has progressed notoriously in the area of animated production. This type of production has grown remarkably over the years and is consumed not only by children but also by adults. This progress has influenced the national cultural industry so the following article exposes a critical vision about the development and trajectory of the production of animated in Ecuador, with the objective of informing in a concrete way about the contribution that animated production Offers to all the consumers thus strengthening to the cultural industry of the country.
Manual de procedimientos para codificación y registro de propiedad, planta y equipo de las empresas del sector agrícola en el Ecuador
Authors: García Zambrano Ximena Leticia , Cedeño Yánez Daniela Valeria
Published: February 2019

Durante los últimos cinco años se han realizado varios estudios, en los que dieron a conocer que varias empresas del sector agrícola no contaban con un manual que especifique cómo se debía llevar el control de los activos considerados como propiedad, planta y equipo, por lo que dichas empresas experimentaron ineficiencia en el manejo de los bienes, desconociendo la ubicación exacta de cada uno y generando costos innecesarios debido al descontrol de los mismos.
Pie equinovaro congénito, valoración inicial y curso evolutivo con tratamiento de Ponseti, hospital Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde, junta de beneficencia de Guayaquil
Authors: Cevallos Quintero Elías Antonio , Martínez Vizuete Wilson Rolando , Murillo Ponce Roder Wagner , Rodríguez Juan Diego , Melgar Celleri Jhonny Ivan
Published: February 2019

Introducción: El pie equinovaro congénito es una de las deformidades congénitas más comunes del sistema músculo-esquelético, su incidencia mundial varia del 1 al 3%, más frecuente en varones. En Ecuador, esta patología afecta principalmente a la clase de bajos recursos económicos, siendo estos los que presenten la mayor tasa de complicaciones sin un tratamiento temprano adecuado.Objetivo: Establecer casos de niños diagnosticados con Pie equinovaro congénito, numero de yesos que se necesitaron según gradación de Dimeglio y cuántos pacientes necesitaron corrección quirúrgica.Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, de 150 pacientes con diagnóstico de pie equinovaro congénito atendidos en el Hospital Dr. Roberto Gilbert durante el periodo 2015-2017.Resultados: El diagnóstico oportuno, el tratamiento temprano y una valoración inicial adecuada del pie equinovaro congénito otorga buenos resultados, en comparación con los tratamientos quirúrgicos, una graduación adecuada según Dimeglio nos puede anticipar la duración y el curso del tratamiento con yesos.Conclusiones: Con el método Ponseti, aumenta las expectativas de éxito en el tratamiento de los pacientes diagnosticados con pie equinovaro congénito.
How do family relations influence interethnic partner choices? The role of cohesion, affection and diversity in native and migrant families
Authors: Grünwald Olga
Published: February 2019

Despite the well-documented effect of parental attitudes and their socioeconomic status on interethnic partnerships, little is known about how family relations are associated with interethnic partner choices. The present study investigates whether cohesive and affective family ties as well as the family structure is connected to interethnic partnerships. Based on data from wave five of the German Family Panel (pairfam), I estimate logistic regression models for natives and migrants separately. Results indicate that for natives, cohesive and affective relations are not connected to interethnic partnerships. For migrants, cohesive relations have a detrimental effect on being in an interethnic partnership. Overall, these findings suggest that family processes may help to understand why some migrant groups are more likely to be in an interethnic union than others.

Zusammenfassung

Obwohl der Zusammenhang von Charakteristika der Eltern und ihren Einstellungen gegenüber interethnischen Partnerschaften häufig erforscht wurde, ist die Rolle der Familienbeziehungen unklar. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Effekt von kohäsiven, affektiven und diversen Familienbeziehungen auf interethnische Partnerschaften. Basierend auf den Daten der fünften Welle des Deutschen Familienpanels (pairfam) schätze ich logistische Regressionsmodelle für Einheimische und Migranten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass für Einheimische kohäsive und affektive Beziehungen die Partnerwahl nicht betreffen. Bei Migranten wirken hingegen kohäsive Beziehungen negativ auf die interethnische Partnerwahl. Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass Familienbeziehungen wichtig sind um Unterschiede zwischen Migranten in interethnischen Partnerschaften zu verstehen.
Examining the Link Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Major Depressive Disorder in Remission
Authors: Fischer Corinne E. , Kortebi Ines , Karameh Wael K. , Kumar Sanjeev , Gallagher Damien , Golas Angela , Munoz David , Barfett Joseph , Butters Meryl A. , Bowie Christopher R. , Flint Alastair , Rajji Tarek , Herrmann Nathan , Pollock Bruce G. , Mulsant Benoit , Schweizer Tom A. , Mah Linda ,   and the PACT-MD Study Group
Published: February 2019

Background:

Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) have been linked to both depression and cognitive decline but their role in neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) has yet to be clarified.

Objective:

Understanding the role of CVRFs in the etiology of NPS for prospective treatments and preventive strategies to minimize these symptoms.

Methods:

We examined the distribution of NPS using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scores in three cohorts from the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Dementia with Cognitive Remediation Plus Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depression (PACt-MD) study: older patients with a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) in remission, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and patients with combined MCI and MDD. We also examined the link between individual NPS and CVRFs, Framingham risk score, and Hachinski ischemic score in a combined sample.

Results:

Analyses were based on a sample of 140 subjects, 70 with MCI, 38 with MCI plus MDD, and 32 with MDD. There was no effect of age, gender, education, cognition, or CVRFs on the presence (NPI >1) or absence (NPI = 0) of NPS. Depression was the most prevalent affective NPS domain followed by night-time behaviors and appetite changes across all three diagnostic groups. Agitation and aggression correlated negatively while anxiety, disinhibition, night-time behaviors, and irritability correlated positively with CVRFs (all p-values <0.05). Other NPS domains showed no significant association with CVRFs.

Conclusion:

CVRFs are significantly associated with individual NPI sub-scores but not with total NPI scores, suggesting that different pathologies may contribute to different NPS domains.
The Effect of Economic Assets on Mortality in Patients with Dementia: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Bebe Anna , Siersma Volkert , Kragstrup Jakob , Nielsen Anni Brit Sternhagen , Møller Anne , Søndergaard Jens , Nicolaisdóttir Dagný Rós , Waldorff Frans Boch
Published: February 2019

Background:

We investigated the effect of economic assets on mortality in patients with dementia in a national cohort of elderly individuals aged 65 or older.

Objective:

To examine the effect of economic assets on mortality in patients with dementia.

Methods:

Incidence of dementia and all-cause mortality was analyzed with incidence rate ratios (IRR) in three different categories of economic assets by means of Cox regression models.

Results:

A total of 874,246 individuals aged 65+ were included. The risk of receiving a dementia diagnosis was highest in the low economic asset group (IRR 1.19). Patients with dementia had a higher mortality compared to those without a diagnosis (IRR 2.85). The mortality in the dementia group was lowest in the high economic asset group (IRR 3.31). However, the increase associated with dementia was lowest within the low economic assets group (IRR 2.57).

Conclusion:

Mortality is increased with a dementia diagnosis and highest for the low economic asset group. However, the increase in mortality attributable to dementia was higher in the high economic assets group.
Transient visual field impairment after cold provocation in glaucoma patients with Flammer syndrome
Authors: Terelak-Borys Barbara , Grabska-Liberek Iwona , Schoetzau Andreas , Konieczka Katarzyna
Published: February 2019

Background:

It is still debatable whether visual field defects in glaucoma have a reversible component and to what extent a temporary loss can be provoked.

Objective:

To investigate the response of the visual function to a cold provocation in glaucoma patients, particularly to test whether subjects with Flammer syndrome (FS) behaved differently from subjects without FS.

Methods:

Ten (10) primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with FS, 7 POAG patients without FS, and 11 healthy controls were tested with program G2 on the Octopus 101 perimeter before and after putting one hand in cold water (4°C) for 2 min. The mean sensitivity (MS) of each visual field was included in the statistical analysis.

Results:

In glaucoma patients with FS, the mean MS significantly decreased after cold provocation (delta MS = –0.91 dB, CI = –1.43 to –0.39, p = 0.0014). In contrast, the mean MS in glaucoma patients without FS did not change significantly (delta MS = 0.17 dB, CI = –0.43 to 0.78, p = 0.56). Likewise, the mean MS did not change significantly in the healthy controls (delta MS = 0.23 dB, CI = –0.27 to 0.72, p = 0.36).

Conclusions:

Cold provocation induced a transient visual field deterioration in the glaucoma patients with FS but not in the glaucoma patients without FS or in the healthy controls. We assume this effect to be the result of a transient reduction of ocular blood flow.
RETRACTED: Vanillin ameliorates changes in HIF-1α expression and neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of spinal cord injury
Authors: Chen Hailong , Zheng Jiuqin , Ma Junjie
Published: February 2019

This article has been retracted, and the online PDF has been watermarked “RETRACTED”. A retraction notice is available at DOI: 10.3233/RNN-239001 .
Vorbemerkung zu: David Yaffe, Die Krise der Kapitalverwertung - eine Kritik der Thesen von Glyn/Sutcliffe
Authors: Altvater Elmar , Hoffmann Jürgen , Schoeller Wolfgang , Semmler Willi
Published: February 2019

In der letzten Ausgabe der ,,Probleme des Klassenkampfes" haben wir den ersten Teil des Artikels „Entwicklungsphasen und -tendenzen des Kapitalismus in Westdeutschland" veröffentlicht, der ursprünglich in diesem Heft fortgesetzt werdensollte (1). Auf der im Rahmen der Redaktionskonferenz stattgefundenen intensiven Diskussionen insbesonders um die akkumulationstheoretischen und politischen Implikationen des Artikels haben wir uns entschlossen, das vorgelegte Manuskript des zweiten Teils gründlicher als zunächst vorgesehen zu überarbeiten und zu ergänzen. Eine solche gründliche überarbeitung konnte aber von uns in der bis zum Satz der vorliegenden Ausgabe zur Verfügung stehenden Zeit nicht mehr geleistet werden, weshalb der Artikel erst in der Nummer 16 der PROKLA erscheinen wird. Eine Kurzfassung des gesamten Artikels wird aber im Herbst 1974 im ,,Handbuch Politische Ökonomie I" erscheinen, das in der Reihe „Politische Ökonomie - Geschichte und Kritik" in der Europäischen Verlagsanstalt herausgegeben wird.
Momente des bürgerlichen Staates in der griechischen Polis (1)
Authors: Müller Wolfgang
Published: February 2019

Die Überschrift fordert zum Widerspruch heraus, sie soll es wenigstens: Momente des bürgerlichen Staates in einer Sklavenhaltergesellschaft, in einer längst vergangenen, nichtkapitalistischen Gesellschaft? Gegen solchen Widerspruch geht die folgende Darstellung von der These aus, daß es eine ,antike bürgerliche Gesellschaft' gegeben hat, die der ,modernen bürgerlichen Gesellschaft' frappant ähnlich war, zumindest in deren frühen Phasen. Diese alte ,bürgerliche Gesellschaft' ( der Begriff selbst stammt aus der athenischen Politikwissenschaft) war bestimmt von dem Konflikt zwischen herkömmlichen Formen direkter Vergesellschaftung (z.B. der Stammesorganisation) und einer bereits recht ausgedehnten Zirkulation von Waren bzw. der Existenz des Geldes. Diese allgemeinste Ware (als Münze, aber auch schon als Schatz und als Geld- und Handelskapital) ist nicht einfach das Instrument einer fortschrittlicheren Form der Güterverteilung und damit der Arbeitsteilung, sondern wesentlich der Ausdruck einer zukunftsträchtigen Weise der Vergesellschaftung, die im Verhältnis des Kapitals zur Lohnarbeit ganz zu sich selbst kommt. Daß schon im Geld als solchem eine neue Gestalt der Vergesellschaftung sich unheimlich ankündigt, wurde in der Antike empfunden und abwehrend ausgesprochen: ,,Jenes Schatzhaus, das sich jeder für sich mit Gold vollgefüllt hat, richtet diese Gesellschaftsform zugrunde", bemerkte Platon im „Staat" (S. 550 f) (2). Das Geld wurde also nicht nur als ein nützliches Ding oder Instrument zur Erleichterung des Austauschs begriffen (auch diese Auffassung wurde aber schon formuliert), sondern als eine neue, rücksichtslos-dynamische und über die Köpfe der Menschen verselbständigt Macht, als Gottheit wahrgenommen (3).
Zur Problematik der Wirtschaftsreformen 1963-1968 in der CSSR
Authors: Liska Pavel , Koval Jan
Published: February 2019

Der vorliegende Artikel"'will die vorschnellen und absoluten Wertungen der Wirtschaftsreformen in der CSSR durch eine Untersuchung an konkretem Material relativieren. Es soll dabei keine neue Theorie der Notwendigkeit bzw. der Schädlichkeit von ökonomischen Reformen in den existierenden Gesellschaftsformationen der Länder des sog. Ostblocks entwickelt, noch ein Bekenntnis für bzw. gegen die Reformen abgelegt werden.Diese Untersuchung beschränkt sich auf eine Darstellung der Entwicklung der Wirtschaftsformen und deren Folgen in der Zeitspanne 1963 bis 1968. Es ist also nicht die Frage nach der Übereinstimmung der tschechoslowakischen Realität dieserZeit mit irgendeiner Theorie, sondern es ist die Frage nach dem konkreten Verlauf der Realität, d. h. in diesem Fall nach dem Verlauf der Wirtschaftsreformen, ihren Folgen in der Wirtschaft und in dem Bewußtsein von verschiedenen Schichten der tschechoslowakischen Bevölkerung.Es hat sich schon mehreremale gezeigt, daß theoretische Untersuchungen der Reformtheorien, ohne genauere Kenntnis der konkreten Fakten nur zu mehr oder weniger allgemein bekannten Schlußfolgerungen kommen können, ohne daß diese einen Gewinn für die konkrete politische Arbeit darstellten.
Wie können Tunten Sozialisten sein?
Authors: Hoffmann Gerhard , V. d. Marwitz Reinhard , Runze Dieter
Published: February 2019

An den Vorstellungen dessen, was eine „Tunte" ist, sind die anti-homosexuellen Vorurteile der „Hetero-" wie der „Homosexuellen" auf ihren Begriff gebracht. Die ,,Vorurteile und Unwissenheit" der „Kommunisten und Sozialisten in Deutschland" (es fehlen in dieser Aufzählung Demokraten und Christen) sind aber in dem Artikel von „Thorsten Grar' und „Mimi Steglitz" vermutlich kaum angegriffen worden (l). Das erstens aus noch anzugebenden Gründen, die das Verhältnis von Sein und Bewußtsein, insbesondere den „Ursprungsort" verkehrter Bewußtseinsformen, betreffen. In diesem Zusammenhang wäre die Frage nach der politischen Bestimmung des Verhältnisses homosexueller Emanzipationsgruppen zu den Organisationen der Lohnarbeiter, vor allem der Gewerkschaften, schon im Ansatz sehr viel präziser zu diskutieren gewesen. Zweitens aus dem Grund der pseudonymen Veröffentlichung. Deshalb kann übrigens der Artikel von der Redaktionskonferenz der PROKLA nicht diskutiert worden sein (la). Eine pseudonyme Veröffentlichung ist problematisch, wenn der Schutz des Pseudonyms verlangt wird, weil die Autoren in der PROKLA veröffentlichen. Die Verfasser fürchteten kein „eventuelles Berufsverbot für Schwule", sondern das „Berufsverbot für ,Radikale' im öffentlichen Dienst" (2). Wer sagt hier was? Die Verinnerlichung dieser Fremdeinschätzung von PROKLA-Autoren denunziert sie aufgrund einer Identifikation mit einem Aggressor, den sich die Autoren für sich vorstellen können, dem sie sich aber als Sozialisten nicht beugen dürften. Die politische Begründung des Pseudonyms hat etwas mit Homosexualität zu tun, weil das Problem der Entwicklung des Selbstbewußtseins von Homosexuellen doch gerade darin besteht, das Bewußtwerden homosexueller Wünsche von dem Muster der Identifikation solchen Verlangens mit einem Aggressor oder Agressionen zu  lösen, um so die Verselbständigung des isolierten Motivs der Homosexualität im Bewußtsein der Homosexuellen selber, ihre Borniertheit also, aufheben zu können. Das verdrängte homosexuelle Verlangen bedarf einer kontrollierenden Instanz, die über die Identifikation mit einem Aggressor die Aufrechterhaltung der Verdrängung garantiert.
Kapitalistische Krise, Arbeitslosigkeit und Krise der Gewerkschaftspolitik in der Bundesrepublik
Authors: Gewerkschaften Redaktionskollektiv
Published: February 2019

Liefert die gegenwärtige Entwicklung einer allgemeinen Weltmarktkrise den empirischen Beweis für die Richtigkeit der Marxschen Akkumulation- und Krisenanalyse, so scheint andererseits die politische Entwicklung der Arbeiterklasse in Westdeutschland den von Marx postulierten Zusammenhang von ökonomischer und Klassenbewegung zu widerlegen. Denn schließlich kann keine Rede davon sein, daß die Erfahrung des antagonistischen Interessengegensatzes die westdeutschen Lohnabhängigen in den Klassenkampf gegen das Kapital gegenwärtig zwingt, vielmehr stößt man allenthalben auf die Ansicht, Resignation, privater Rückzug, Aufgabe fortschrittlicher Positionen seien das wesentliche Resultat der kapitalistischen Krise. Fortschrittlich-politische Perspektiven, die in der beginnenden Ära der sozialliberalen Koalition entstanden seien, gingen zunehmend zugunsten einer Reduktion auf reine Interessenwahrnehmung verloren. Diese Reduktion berge Gefahren in sich, denn bei mangelnder innerer Organisierung und mangelnder Kampferfahrung setze sich. das Motto „Rette sich wer kann" durch. Die Konkurrenz der Arbeiter gegeneinander erscheint als realistischere Handlungsmöglichkeit als der solidarische Widerstand gegen die Angriffe des Kapitals auf die Lebensbedingungen. Die politische Entwicklung der Arbeiterklasse erscheint als eine Art unberechenbarer aktor.
Kapitalistische Krise und Arbeitslosigkeit in der Bundesrepublik
Authors: Hoffmann Jürgen , Semmler Willi
Published: February 2019

Die Frage nach den ökonomischen Ursachen der Arbeitslosigkeit in der Bundesrepublik kann und darf nicht nur an der Entwicklung eines Zyklus festgemacht werden, sondern muß auf dem Hintergrund der historischen Entwicklung des  Kapitalverhältnisses, der Entwicklung der Widersprüche in der Kapitalakkumulation und des Verhältnisses der Klassen zueinander, beantwortet werden. Wird dagegen nur das zyklische Auf und Ab betrachtet, können die historischen Kräfte hinter der Bewegung der kapitalistischen Gesellschaft kaum noch ausgemacht werden: schließlich gab es in Westdeutschland zyklische Krisen ohne die Entwicklung einer massiven Arbeitslosigkeit! Die aktuell hohe Arbeitslosigkeit gerät dann zum Betriebsunfall oder zur bewußt von Unternehmern zum Zwecke der Disziplinierung der Arbeiter produzierten massenhaften Freisetzung von Arbeitern. Um mit Werner Meißner zu sprechen: ,,wilde Investitionsstreiks" bzw. ,,spontane Kapitalniederlegungen" sind die Ursache der zyklischen Krise.
Entwicklung der Beschäftigtenstruktur und der Arbeitslosigkeit in der Bundesrepublik
Authors: Hildebrandt Eckart
Published: February 2019

Wir haben im ersten Teil unserer Untersuchung bereits vierfoiteinander vermittelte Ursachen der aktuellen Massenarb~itslosigkeit in der Bundesrepublik festgehalten und deren Bedeutung für die weitere Entwicklung dargestellt: Die Überakkumulationstendenzen des westdeutschen Kapitals führten zu einer sinkenden Profitabilität der Zusatzanlagen von Kapital, während zugleich die Unternehmen gezwungen waren, die Kostpreise der Waren mittels Rationalisierungsinvestitionen niedrig zu halten. Die dadurch freigesetzten Arbeiter konnten so aufgrund der mangelnden Zusatzanlage nicht wieder in den Produktionsprozeß integriert werden: das für die Aufnahme der Produktion notwendige Kapitalminimum stieg an, arbeitsintensive kleinere Kapitale fielen dem Konzentrations- un.d Zentralisationsprozeß zum Opfer, überschüssige Profitmassen wurden und werden im Ausland oder  auf den Geld- und Kreditmärkten angelegt. Die Überakkumulationsmomente drückten sich aber auch in einer Überexpansion der Abteilung aus, die zudem stark von den Nachfrageverhältnisse auf dem Weltmarkt abhängig ist. Hinzu kam daß sich der zyklischen Krise, in der die o.a.  Überakkumulationsmomente sich verschärft geltend machten, zunächst disproprtionale Entwicklungen in bestimmten Branchen (gegenüber der Nachfrage im Inland und der Importkonkurrenz) sichtbar wurden, die zu Branchenstrukturkrisen (Bau, Textil, Fahrzeugbau etc.) führten.
Kvaliteta pitanja i uspjeh srednjoškolskih sudionika natjecanja iz biologije u znanju
Authors: Grgurić Ines , Begić Valerija , Bastić Marijana , Lukša Žaklin , Radanović Ines
Published: February 2019

Biologija je već niz godina među najzastupljenijima izbornim predmetima na Državnoj maturi pa se sukladno tome veliki broj učenika uključuje i na natjecanja iz biologije. Na županijskom natjecanju kao 20 % najuspješnijih po županijama izlučeno je 362 učenika srednjih škola, čiji su postignuti rezultati pri rješavanju pisane provjere analizirani s ciljem utvrđivanja povezanosti kvalitativne i kvantitativne analize pitanja. Analiza je provedena u skladu s Nastavnim programom za određeni razred i katalogom za državnu maturu iz biologije kao referentnim točkama konceptualnog okvira i predviđenih ishoda učenja. Pitanja u pisanim provjerama su prihvatljive kvalitete, najkvalitetnija su pitanja kratkog odgovora, a najslabije kvalitete pitanja višestrukog izbora s dva točna odgovora i zadaci povezivanja. Reproduktivni zadaci još uvijek prevladavaju u pitanjima višestrukog izbora i povezivanja, a težina na osnovu riješenosti i procijenjena težina zadataka visoko su povezane. Mala povezanost riješenosti pitanja slabije kvalitete i srednja povezanost kvalitetnijih pitanja s procjenom riješenosti potvrda je kvalitete zadataka i važnosti oblikovanja pitanja uz uvažavanje elemenata procjene kvalitete. Potvrđena bolja povezanost riješenosti i kvalitete pitanja potvrđuje važnost pripreme pitanja uz uvažavanje elemenata procjene kvalitete, a posebno primjene kritičkog razmišljanja u zadacima provjere konceptualnog razumijevanja i sposobnosti rješavanja problema. Rezultati dobiveni analizom u budućnosti se mogu koristiti za poboljšanje izrade pitanja pisanih provjera te razvoj zadovoljavajućih bioloških kompetencija učenika srednjoškolske populacije.
Urbani potoci – pristupačna staništa za provedbu ekoloških istraživanja u nastavi Prirode i Biologije
Authors: Sertić Perić Mirela , Radanović Ines
Published: February 2019

Širenjem urbanih zona i povećanjem broja urbanog stanovništva, gradovi su postali najveći izvori onečišćenja. Suvremeni urbani sadržaji povećavaju kvalitetu života gradskog stanovništva, međutim mijenjaju prirodno stanje okoliša. Stoga se u suvremenoj biologiji počela isticati urbana ekologija - jedna od novijih disciplina presudna za urbanizam i urbanističko planiranje, koja omogućuje procjenu stanja okoliša u gradovima te provedbu sustavnog nadzora, u svrhu očuvanja i zaštite
gradskih ekosustava, uključujući i urbane vodotoke. U ovom radu navodimo primjer istraživanja urbanih potoka u kojem se razmatraju razmjeri i moguće posljedice urbanih utjecaja na ekologiju vodenih ekosustava i koje može poslužiti kao osnova za objašnjavanje osnovnih ekoloških koncepata i sadržaja, kao što su struktura bioloških zajednica, hranidbene mreže, oligotrofija ili eutrofija, ekološka valencija i rasprostranjenost organizama, ekološka niša. Nadalje, povezivanjem tematike urbane ekologije s problematikom ugroženosti vodnih resursa te korištenjem urbanih potoka kao modelnih staništa za istraživanje ekoloških tema (i usvajanje ekoloških koncepata) u nastavi Prirode i Biologije, učenike se (osim važnih ekoloških koncepata) upoznaje i sa suvremenom ideologijom „zelenog rasta“, „zelenih“ gradova, održivog razvoja, zaštite okoliša te regionalnog razvoja. Opisano istraživanje primjereno je za učenike viših razreda osnovne škole (Biologija 7 i 8) i/ili za učenike srednjih škola (u vidu kratkoročnog i/ili dugoročnog ekološkog istraživanja urbanih potoka u neposrednoj blizini škole i/ili životne sredine učenika), a može se prilagoditi i za učenike mlađeg uzrasta.Predstavljeno istraživanje uključuje istraživanje ekološkog stanja urbanih potoka kroz praćenje: (i) kakvoće vode (fizičko-kemijskih svojstava vode); (ii) sastava vodene faune koja čini osnovu hranidbenih lanaca u vodenim ekosustavima (bentoskih makrobeskralježnjaka i organizama obraštaja); (iii) dinamike transporta (nizvodnog otplavljivanja) organizama u urbanim vodotocima; (iv) biotičkog indeksa na osnovu primijećenih makrobeskralježnjaka kao informaciji o onečišćenju vodotoka. Važno je napomenuti da odabrane aktivnosti mogu biti primijenjene u istraživanju osnovnih bioloških pokazatelja svih, a ne samo urbanih, vodenih ekosustava. U tom smislu, opisana metodologija može biti prilagođena i primijenjena za slična istraživanja ostalih tipova tekućica dostupnih učenicima, ali se predlažu i novije (kvantitativne) metode uzorkovanja makrobeskralježnjaka i organizama obraštaja, kao i pojednostavljeni ključevi za taksonomsku determinaciju organizama primjenjivi u nastavi Prirode i Biologije.
Utjecaj učestalosti pristupanja e-nastavnim sadržajima biologije na usvojenost
obrazovnih ishoda
Authors: Novoselić Daniela , Bulić Mila
Published: February 2019

Cilj rada bio je istražiti učestalost pristupanja nastavnim sadržajima biologije i usvojenost obrazovnih ishoda pomoću Moodle sustava, a kroz njegovu implementaciju u nastavi biologije osmog razreda osnovne škole u sklopu nastavne teme „Sastav tijela,, razmnožavanje i razvitak“. Istraživanje je provedeno s učenicima koji još nisu imali iskustvo e-učenja, u dobi 14 godina. Temeljem cilja istraživanja postavljena je hipoteza: ako učenici tijekom pet tjedana učenja pristupaju učestalo nastavnim sadržajima iz biologije u sustavu Moodle, ostvarit će bolji rezultat na pisanoj provjeri znanja. Kako bi se dobio uvid u očekivanja učenika o učinkovitosti prihvaćanja učenja biologije primjenom sustava Moodle provedena su dva upitnika s pitanjima na koja su odgovori bili mogući unutar 5-stupanjske skale Likertovog tipa. Prvi upitnik koji su učenici rješavali prije početka e-učenja imao je za cilj dobiti informaciju o tome što učenici očekuju od e-učenja, kakvu predodžbu imaju o e-učenju, kakva su njihova očekivanja o takvom načinu poučavanja i učenja. Drugi upitnik rješavali su nakon završetka e-učenja, u svrhu provjere učeničkih iskustava o učinkovitosti i zadovoljstvu učenja nastavnih sadržaja pomoću Moodle sustava. E-učenje ispunilo je očekivanja učenika vezana uz jasnoću i zanimljivost teksta e-lekcija i pripadnih pitanja, preglednost glavnog izbornika, zastupljenost slika i filmova. Analiza rezultata učestalosti pristupanja nastavnim sadržajima pokazala je da su učenici koji su češće pristupali nastavnim sadržajima ostvarili bolji rezultat na pisanoj provjeri znanja. Izostalo je aktivno učeničko pristupanje nastavnim sadržajima u sustavu Moodle u razdobljima kada se nije odvijala nastava u učionici informatike.
Učeničko
kumulativno povezivanje faza životnih ciklusa egzemplarnih organizama
Authors: Vrbanović Dorotea , Radanović Ines , Begić Valerija
Published: February 2019

Cilj
ovog istraživanja bio je odrediti usvojenost i konceptualno razumijevanje
koncepta Životni ciklusi kod učenika
osnovne škole i gimnazije. U svrhu ostvarenja cilja učenici su rješavali
slikovne zadatke primjene znanja i konceptualnog razumijevanja u on line
sustavu e-učenja MoD. Analiza učeničkih odgovora uključivala je kodiranje
odgovora i tumačenje biološkog značenja odgovora. Izdvojeni su i objašnjeni
problemi i miskoncepcije vezani uz koncept Životni
ciklusi te je analizirana uspješnost učinka kumulativnog provjeravanja.
Prosječna riješenost provjere za 10 % odudara od srednje riješenosti provjera
iz biologije na nacionalnoj razini. Pogrešan odabir slika za pojedine faze
unutar životnog ciklusa upućuje na nedovoljnu vizualizaciju bioloških sadržaja
od strane učenika, jer učitelji nisu u poučavanju koristili univerzalne obrasce,
odnosno na njih upućivali. Slabije snalaženje učenika u univerzalnom obrascu posljedica
je izostanka ili nedovoljne upotrebe grafičkih organizatora znanja tijekom
učenja te nedovoljnog naglašavanja principa i poveznica pri poučavanju životnih
ciklusa različitih organizama. Na rješavanje zadataka vezanih uz životni ciklus
u kumulativnom slijedu učenja utječe složenost zadataka, kao i bolje poznavanje
organizama koji se provjeravaju u povezanosti sa iskustvom učenja prema razini obrazovanja.
Utvrđene miskoncepcije i problemi ukazuju na potrebu uvođenja nastavnih tehnika
kao što je kumulativno učenje, uz izraženiju potrebu za vizualnom i iskustvenom
potporom te uspostavljenjem uzročno-posljedičnih veza pri učenju.
Analiza stavova i interesa učenika srednjih škola o prirodnim vrijednostima međimurske županije
Authors: Cindrić Monika , Mesarić Mihaela , Crnčec Dražen
Published: February 2019

Zadaća ekološke edukacije je prenijeti poruku o značaju i
nužnosti očuvanja prirodnih i drugih vrijednosti, a najmoćnijim sredstvom
ekološke edukacije smatra se interpretacija. Već je začetnik interpretacije
Freeman Tilden istaknuo: „Interpretacijom
do razumijevanja, razumijevanjem do poštovanja, poštovanjem do zaštite.“ Korištenjem
izravnih i neizravnih oblika interpretacije, od strane djelatnika Međimurske prirode - Javne ustanove za
zaštitu prirode i dvoje nastavnika osmišljen je edukativni program „Mladi
čuvari prirode Međimurja“. Predmetni odgojno‐obrazovni program polazilo je
četrdesetak učenika šestih i sedmih razreda osnovnih škola s područja
Međimurske županije. Program je realiziran kroz predavanja, radionice i
terenski rad tijekom proljeća 2009. godine s ciljem ekološke edukacije učenika
o prirodnim vrijednostima Međimurske županije i povećanjem interesa za
prirodoslovlje. Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj programa „Mladi čuvari
prirode Međimurja“ na razvoj pozitivnijih stavova o zaštićenim dijelovima
prirode na području Međimurske županije te povećanju interesa za
prirodoslovlje. Stavovi učenika ispitani su online anketom. U anketiranju su
sudjelovali polaznici programa iz 2009. godine, a kao kontrolna skupina njihovi
vršnjaci koji nisu sudjelovali u programu. U anketi se, osim stavova, ispituju
i interesi iz područja prirodoslovlja s posebnim naglaskom na zaštićene
dijelove prirode. Istraživanjem je potvrđena hipoteza da postoji razlika u
interesu za prirodne vrijednosti Međimurske županije između polaznika programa „Mladi
čuvari prirode Međimurja“ i nepolaznika. Također, polaznici programa
imaju veće znanje o prirodnim vrijednostima Međimurske županije od nepolaznika.
Line Balancing Demi Tercapainya Efisiensi Kerja Optimal Pada Stasiun Kerja
Authors: Herdiani Leni , Syafarudin Rico
Published: February 2019

Tanpa adanya keseimbangan lintasan dalam stasiun kerja maka proses produksi tidak akan berjalan secara efektif dan efisien. Dalam proses produksinya, PT. MANDIRI dihadapkan pada permasalahan keseimbangan lintasan yaitu kurangnya efisiensi pada stasiun kerja, sehingga direncanakan untuk menentukan lintasan produksi yang optimal sehingga pembebanan pada setiap stasiun kerja akan lebih merata dan mengurangi kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan unsur waste atau kegiatan tidak produktif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengukuran waktu kerja dengan alat bantu stop watch dan metode Ranked Positional Weight. Data yang dianalisis adalah waktu yang diperlukan oleh operator untuk menyelesaikan produksi Spare Part dan output rate untuk produk rata-rata yang dihasilkan untuk menetapkan waktu siklus ideal. Kedua data tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode RPW, hingga didapatkan waktu produksi dan efisiensi lintasan yang optimal serta stasiun kerja yang optimal pula. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa dengan penggunaan metode keseimbangan lintasan, perusahaan dapat mencapai efisiensi lintasan sebesar 92% dan mengurangi balance delay sebesar 17,48% dari 73,48% menjadi 56% Dan target produksi sebanyak 240 box/hari dapat terpenuhi secara maksimal.
PENGARUH INTERNAL CAPITAL ADEQUENCY RATIO (CAR), FINANCING TO DEPOSIT RATIO (FDR), DAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL PER PENDAPATAN OPERASIONAL (BOPO) DALAM PENINGKATAN PROFITABILITAS INDUSTRI BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hakiim Ningsukma
Published: February 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh tingkat rasio kesehatan bank yang diukur dengan CAR, FDR, dan BOPO terhadap peningkatan profitabilitas industri Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder antara lain capital adequacy ratio (CAR), likuiditas (FDR), efisiensi operasional (BOPO) dan profitabilitas (ROA) pada industri perbankan umum syariah yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia. Data tersebut merupakan data time series cross section dari tahun 2010-2012 dan 2013 (hanya pada bulan Januari hingga Maret 2013) yang diperoleh melalui situs resmi statistik perbankan, Bank Indonesia (www.bi.go.id). Untuk menganalisisnya, peneliti menggunakan model regresi linear berganda dengan SPSS 16. Dari hasil pengamatan dan analisis data yang telah dilakukan, kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah CAR, FDR, dan BOPO terhadap ROA yang merupakan indikator kesehatan Bank untuk mengukur profitabilitasnya memiliki hubungan yang tinggi. CAR secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Variabel FDR secara parsial berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Berbeda lagi dengan BOPO yang secara parsial berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ROA.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN DISIPLIN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR UPTP BALAI PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KENDARI
Authors: Sabaruddin Sabaruddin , Marissa Marissa
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  pengaruh kepemimpinan, lingkungan kerja, dan disiplin terhadap kinerja di UPTD Balai Peningkatan  Produktifitas Kendari. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai UPTD sebanyak 25 orang. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan indikator kepemimpinan yang meliputi: penetapan standar kerja yang jelas, membantu pegawai yang kesulitan ketika bekerja, menginginkan hasil yang optimal tanpa adanya hambatan, dan selalu memberikan penjelasan tentang tugas yang akan diserahkan oleh bawahan, dengan indikator tersebut dihasilkan kesimpulan bahwa variable kepemimpinan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Indikator yang digunakan untuk mengukur lingkungan kerja adalah suasana kerja yang nyaman, dan fasilitas kerja yang lengkap, dengan indikator tersebut dihasilkan kesimpulan bahwa variable lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai.
ANALISIS RANTAI PASOK CABE DI KOTA KENDARI SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS OF CHILI IN KENDARY CITY
Authors: Abidin Zainal
Published: February 2019

Chilli is an important horticultural commodity that is often increase national inflation. The research was conducted to find out the supply chain of chilli in Kendari City. The study was conducted in August - December 2016 using a structured survey of 45 respondents consist of farmers, collectors and retailers. The research result shows that the structure of the chili distribution channel in Kendari City consists of (i). collecting traders; and (ii). retailers, with a form of perfect competition market. The pattern of price formation in the majority of traders is done by summing the expected purchase and margin costs, at the level of the majority of retailers with the pattern of following the highest local prices, with the largest margin being accepted by retailers in the amount of IDR. 9,666 per kg or approximately 73% of the overall marketing margin. However, the selling price reaches Rp. 42,433 per kg, farmers get more share of price around 69%. For the next to keep the market structure and price information can be fully accessed by all parties both in the distribution channel and farmers and end consumers can be done through conventional media but ideally utilizing major social media. Furthermore, it is necessary to apply several appropriate technologies for processing chili for the development of chili products.
Integrated approach to studying general and professional training subjects of future officers of rocket and artillery armament
Authors: Maslii Oleg
Published: February 2019

Based on the analysis of scientific research, the principles of integration of professional training of future rocket and artillery armament officers are substantiated: transferring the knowledge, using the conceptual apparatus of other subjects, convergence of the components of general scientific knowledge, combining the components, and prediction. The main factors that affect the efficiency of the integration of general and special knowledge are defined: unity and interrelation of social, professional, pedagogical, logical and legal phenomena; need for a synthesis of knowledge and skills for all kinds of training and combat tasks and situations; opportunity for officer cadets to realize their potential effectively; ability to solve professional tasks in atypical situations. Coming from the variety of objectively existing factors, the levels of complementarity are defined, as well as the didactic synthesis and the level of integrity. The integrated approach in the professional training of future rocket and artillery armament officers is in the fact that, along with the independent conditionality, military education is the link between the professional and military education, it brings together all of the knowledge, abilities, skills, norms and values in a coherent whole. In the context of the integration of knowledge for general pedagogical and didactic purposes, integrative studying is close to the developing one as it is included in almost all learning types, it significantly affects the content of education and has the theoretical and exploratory nature. Consistency of professional knowledge is found out to be provided by the development of modern educational technology and the phased formation of the professionalism of the future rocket and artillery armament officers. In the educational process, the leading activity of cadets is training, during which further formation of the personality occurs, the professional competence and necessary skills of their service activities are being formed. The main tasks of preparing cadets to their professional activities are formulated, and directions for integration of general and professional training subjects are defined.
Training experience for future social workers in USА
Authors: Ridkodubska Hannа
Published: February 2019

The article examines the training of future social workers in the United States and describes the ways of transforming positive experiences into the modern educational system of Ukraine. The author examines the main stages of the formation of American vocational training of social workers, which characterize the system of training, which was launched in 1898. The main differences in the training future social workers in the United States, the author notes the widespread use of practical forms of knowledge acquisition, a high percentage the tasks of the student's independent learning activities, the presence of slight specialization and a competent approach to the results of education.
Training for social work in the United States is carried out in social work schools and colleges at universities. The programs provide three levels of training: a bachelor, a master, and a doctor of social work.
The process of organizing the professional practice in future social workers in the United States is characterized by instructive, academic, and combining approaches. While studying in the United States, a student in each semester passes one to two practices under the direction of a social worker («field educator»). In general, in the USA during the training social workers, teachers are offered to perform two types of professionally directed practices: field, that is, without leaving the training and block, which is conducted with the separation from theoretical training during the semester.
Now in America, the role of the state in the social sphere is increasing. Therefore, there are new forms of interaction and spheres of professional activity of social workers. The process of training social workers in the XXI century acquires new features and undergoes changes in the United States and Ukraine. Such changes include: changing the motives of professionalization - from social and educational to economic; development and possibility of competition in the international market of educational services.
Negara Asal Produk, Persepsi Kualitas dan Merek: Pengaruhnya terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Smartphone
Authors: Saputra Mahardika Ardaka , Octavia Ade , Roza Suswita , Sriayudha Yayuk
Published: February 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of country of origin, perceived quality and brand on smartphone purchasing decisions. The subject of this study is a smartphone that is sold officially in Indonesian market. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with the number of samples used amounting to 120 samples which were active users of smartphones. Validity and reliability test results show that the research instrumentsare valid and reliable. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 22 software. The results show that country of origin variables partially do not have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions while perceived quality and brand variablespartially positive and significant influence purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, country of origin variables, perceived quality and brand have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions.
Pengaruh Sanksi dari Tindakan Indisipliner terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Divisi Collection PT. Summit Oto Finance Pekanbaru
Authors: Andry Andry
Published: February 2019

The study was conducted at the collection division of PT. Summit Oto Finance Pekanbaru with the aim of research to determine the effect of sanctions from disciplinary actions on employee performance. The number of samples used was 42 people, using the census method. The analysis used is validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, F test and T test. The results of the analysis using SPSS can be seen that the position reduction variable has a negative effect on performance, transfer of position and termination has a positive effect on employee performance while complaints to parties authority does not affect employee performance. The results of the analysis using the coefficient of determination, the results are 82.2% and the remaining 17.8% are not examined