bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Properties of 325-MHz Half-Wave Superconducting Resonators at Low Microwave Field Amplitudes
Authors: Sukhotski A. , Bychanok D. , Gurnevich E. , Volunets H. , Huseu S. , Maksimenko S. , Petrakovski V. , Pakrouski A. , Pobol I. , Zalessky V. , Tamashevich Y. , Gusarova M. , Lalayan M. , Polozov S. , Nikiforov D. , Bespalov Yu. , Butenko A. , Syresin E. , Trubnikov G.
Published: November 2024

A prototype of the 325-MHz niobium half-wave coaxial resonator ($$\beta = 0.21$$) is developed, built, and tested at low microwave field amplitudes. Electromagnetic properties of the prototype in the superconducting state are investigated in the continuous wave regime and the damping regime using a highly stable radio-frequency (RF) generator and power detectors. The experimental data on the resonator’s response in the superconducting state are used to calculate its most important characteristics—the intrinsic Q value and the accelerating field. The experimentally measured Q value of the prototype is $${{Q}_{0}} = (3.5 \pm 0.1) \times {{10}^{8}}$$ at input powers of up to +20 dBm.
Considerations in Correction of Wrist Deformity in Arthrogryposis
Authors: BHARDWAJ Praveen , VARADHARAJAN Ashwini , SABAPATHY S. Raja
Published: November 2024

The wrist is affected in all the forms of arthrogryposis and is a common site requiring surgical intervention. The wrist usually has a flexion and ulnar deviation deformity of varying severity. A flexion deformity of >40° results in a weak hand grip and gives an ‘abnormal’ look to the patient as a whole and hence, is a common reason for patients to desire surgical correction. However, as children tend to adjust to whatever posture they have as they grow, the most important thing a surgeon should be aware of, is when and whom not to operate. This article discusses all these possibilities in detail and provides authors preferred surgical plan. We have found a combination of volar fascia release, intercarpal wedge resection osteotomy and extensor carpi ulnaris to extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon transfer to be most effective and reliable. Patient and parental satisfaction with early surgical intervention is often satisfactory.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Congenital Infantile Fibrosarcoma – A Potentially Fatal Condition
Authors: GHANGHURDE Bipin Arun , SHAH Kushal , BODHANWALA Minnie , SRINIVASAN Shankar
Published: November 2024

Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIF) is a rare prenatal malignant tumour that occurs in infants and can be difficult to distinguish from vascular malformation or haemangiomas. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for saving both limb and life. We report a 4-month-old infant with CIF of the left forearm and arm which presented with a bleeding ulcer over the swelling. During admission, the child developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) necessitating a life-saving above-elbow amputation.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
The Application of a Cross-Shaped Advancement Flap in Polysyndactyly of the Fifth Toe
Authors: SHEN Xiaofang , CHEN Yu , YANG Guang
Published: November 2024

Polysyndactyly of the foot is a common congenital malformation of the lower extremity. We introduce our surgical technique for reconstruction of polysyndactyly of the fifth toe fused with the fourth toe. The technique includes the removal of the medial hypoplastic ray, web-space reconstruction using a dorsal cross-shaped advancement flap and closure of the lateral incisions of the separated toes with a tongue-shaped flap and zigzag triangular flaps. This technique is advantageous to prevent postoperative web creep, reduce the tension of the dorsal incision closure and it is relatively easy to grasp for the inexperienced surgeon.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Revision Surgery for Scar Contracture and Web Creep after Syndactyly Release
Authors: MAHMOUD Mostafa , MOHSEN Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

Background: Revision surgery after syndactyly separation is challenging. Web creep and scarring have a great impact on function and appearance of the hand. There is a paucity of literature on revision surgery for syndactyly. The aim of this study is to present the outcomes of revision surgery for syndactyly.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who required revision surgery after syndactyly release for web creep, scar contracture affecting motion and/or bony deformities. Web creep was graded using the Withey classification and scars were graded as minimal, mild, moderate and severe based on the impact on range of motion (ROM). All patients underwent dorsal and volar triangular flaps for correction for web creep, multiple Z-plasty and/or proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) release for correction of scar contractures and osteotomy for correction of angular/rotational bony deformities. Improvement in web creep grading, scar contracture and change in angular and/or rotational deformities were recorded.

Results: The study included 9 hands in 7 patients who required surgery for 13 web creeps (four grade 2, four grade 3 and five grade 4), 20 scar contractures (five mild, seven moderate and eight severe), 6 angular (five ≤15° and one = 40°) and 1 rotational deformity. All web creeps improved to grade 1. Out of the 20 scar contractures, 14 improved to mild and 6 to moderate. Two patients underwent corrective osteotomy, one for rotational deformity and one for a 40° angular deformity which improved to 5°.

Conclusions: Double opposing triangular flap presents a good option for revision of the web with no recurrence of web creep after a 1-year follow-up period. We suggest a grading system which assesses the effect of scarring on finger motion. Finally, avoiding straight volar suture lines decreases the incidence of recurrence.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Computing with Time: Microarchitectural Weird Machines
Authors: Benjamin Thomas S. , Eitel Jeffery A. , Elwell Jesse , Evtyushkin Dmitry , Ghosh Abhrajit , Sapello Angelo
Published: November 2024

Side-channel attacks, such as Spectre, rely on properties of modern CPUs that permit discovery of microarchitectural state via timing of various operations. The Weird Machine concept is an increasingly popular model for characterization of execution that emerges from side-effects of conventional computing constructs. In this work we introduce Microarchitectural Weird Machines (

μ

WMs): code constructions that allow performing computation through the means of side effects and conflicts between microarchitectual entities such as branch predictors and caches. The results of such computations are observed as timing variations in the execution of instructions that interact with these side effects. We demonstrate how

μ

WMs can be used as a powerful obfuscation engine where computation operates using events unobservable to conventional anti-obfuscation tools based on emulation, debugging, static and dynamic analysis techniques. We present a practical example in which we use a

μ

WM to obfuscate malware code such that its passive operation is invisible to an observer with full power to view the architectural state of the system until the code receives a trigger. When the trigger is received the malware decrypts and executes its payload. To show the effectiveness of obfuscation we demonstrate its use in the concealment and subsequent execution of a payload that creates a reverse shell. In the full version of this work we also demonstrate a payload that exfiltrates a shadow password file. We then demonstrate the generality of

μ

WMs by showing that they can be used to reliably perform non-trivial computation by implementing a SHA-1 hash function.
Considering Conference Contributions
Authors: Bagchi Saurabh
Published: November 2024

Saurabh Bagchi ponders the extent to which one should offer their efforts to conference program committees.
Personalizing Interactions
Authors: Hoffmann Leah
Published: November 2024

A pioneer in human-robot interaction for socially assistive robotics, Maja Matarić discusses her career, her inspirations, and the surprising things that happen when humans and robots interact.
Challenges in Clinical Training for Nursing Students during COVID‐19: Examining Its Effects on Nurses’ Job Satisfaction
Authors: Merino-Godoy María-de-los-Ángeles , Teixeira da Costa Emilia , Salas Marianela Gómez , Lara Alba Pavón , Bernal Nicolás Carretero , Domínguez Beatriz Macías , Gago-Valiente Francisco-Javier
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Nursing education involves a robust blend of theory and hands‐on practice, crucial for cultivating the intricate abilities required to safely progress from being a student to becoming a proficient nursing professional. This training process was disrupted by the COVID‐19 pandemic when the imposition of lockdowns compelled the transition of classes from in‐person to online formats. Aim. This study aimed to assess the challenges in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID‐19 pandemic, specifically examining how reductions in hands‐on clinical practice have impacted their job satisfaction upon entering the workforce. Methods. It was an exploratory, descriptive, and cross‐sectional study, using the Font Roja Questionnaire on job satisfaction as an instrument for data collection. The population was made up of Spanish nurses who graduated in 2020, 2021, and 2022. Results. The sample consisted of 390 nurses, 81.5% female, averaging 24.35 years old, with 76% having missed at least one month of clinical practice during their training. We found significant levels of dissatisfaction with job pressure and professional competence (52.3% and 40.8%, respectively). Statistically significant differences were found between gender, job pressure, year of graduation, and professional competence. Conclusion. The loss of clinical practice periods, a vital element in nursing education, has influenced the early careers of these nurses, particularly affecting certain aspects of their job satisfaction such as job pressure and professional competence.
Human–Carnivore Conflict in and Around Kafta Sheraro National Park, Northern Ethiopia: Determinants, Costs, and Conservation Implications
Authors: Kidane Esayas Embaye , Gebremichael Weldetnsae Berhe , Siyum Zenebe Girmay , Yirga Gidey , Kidane Yigzaw Teklebrhan
Published: November 2024

Resolving human–carnivore conflict is crucial for the sustainable coexistence of humans and wildlife. Achieving this, however, requires a comprehensive understanding of the causes and complexities associated with the conflict. This study aimed to assess the nature, underlying causes and costs of human–carnivore conflict, as well as the conservation challenges and potential mitigation measures in and around Kafta Sheraro National Park, Ethiopia. In 2020, we conducted 210 questionnaire interviews with villagers surrounding the park. The surveys gathered data on respondents’ reports of carnivore depredation, the extent and patterns of human–carnivore conflicts, incidents of carnivore killings, the economic impact of livestock depredation, threats to wildlife conservation, potential traditional mitigation measures for human–carnivore conflicts, and their socio‐economic characteristics. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors contributing to livestock depredation. Seventy‐one percent of respondents reported conflict with carnivore species in the 5 years preceding the study. A total of 1390 heads of stock were reported killed by carnivore species, resulting in an economic loss of US$ 170,741. Spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) were responsible for most livestock depredation (37.8%), followed by leopards (Panthera pardus) (29.5%), caracals (Felis caracal) (8%), and common jackals (Canis aureus) (7.3%). Spotted hyenas killed all types of livestock [cattle (Bos taurus), goat (Capra hircus), sheep (Ovis aries), and donkey (Equus asinus)] across all the studied villages, while leopards, caracals, and jackals primarily targeted goats and sheep. Our findings indicated that most livestock depredations occurred at night and during the dry season. Although villagers employed several mitigation measures to prevent carnivore attacks, vigilance and bush fences were reported as the most effective methods. The study also revealed that agricultural land expansion and human settlements are major threats to wildlife conservation. Approximately 75% of surveyed households admitted to retaliatory killings of carnivore species in direct response to livestock losses. The study suggests that effective conflict mitigation and community conservation education should incorporate strategies to promote sustainable wildlife conservation and rural development.
Biodegradation Study of Biomaterials Composed of Acrylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Sibilia Diego , Amendolea Martina , Sangiovanni Roberta , Bragaglia Mario , Nicoletti Fabrizio , Filetici Pierfrancesco , D’Addona Antonio , Nanni Francesca , Dassatti Leonardo , Nocca Giuseppina
Published: November 2024

In the field of regenerative medicine, acrylated epoxidized vegetable oils are emerging as a promising avenue of exploration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the degradability of two formulations of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO): pure AESO and AESO diluted with soybean oil (SO) for potential bioprintability applications. The comprehensive investigation of these two polymeric formulations included optimization of polymerization conditions, confirmation of cytocompatibility, and, most importantly, the study of their degradability. The results reveal that AESO, used as a biomaterial for biomedical applications, undergoes a distinctive degradation process, combining both enzymatic and oxidative degradation (AESO/SO samples lose 29.45% of their weight after 60 days). This phenomenon is the result of a complex interplay of factors, including the chemical composition and physical characteristics of the polymer, the unique tissue environment in which it is implanted, and the duration of implantation.
Festuca Grass (Festuca festuca) Management: A Key to Sustainable Resources Management in Borena‐Sayint Worehimenu National Park (BSWNP)
Authors: Alamerew Amsalu Nigatu , Mekonen Melkamu Kassaye , Derso Yonas Derebe , Ereda Mebratu Yigzaw , Legesse Abnew Emiru , Legesse Kassahun Abera
Published: November 2024

Festuca grass, a multipurpose and vital resource, is experiencing crises of sustainability and degradation due to increased demand and mismanagement. Through a survey research approach, this study aimed to develop sustainable management and utilization strategies for Festuca grass. We employed purposive and random sampling techniques for data collection, focusing on the Festuca grass potential in Borena‐Sayint Worehimenu National Park. Interviews, key informant surveys, focus group discussions, and field observations were also conducted. We employed quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques to ensure a comprehensive approach to deriving insights from the collected data. The findings indicate that Festuca grass has a lifespan of two to four years and fully matures within two years. Products derived from Festuca grass vary according to the maturity level. The results also highlight the demand for Festuca grass and the potential availability of market demand. Harvesting frequency, inappropriate management practices, biased resource sharing, and unauthorized exploitation are basic challenges related to grass resource sustainability. The establishment of certified user groups, domestication of private stocks, revision of resource‐sharing protocols, and periodic monitoring are among the possible potential strategic utilization options identified by user groups. A modified strategic framework for the sustainable management and utilization of Festuca grass was developed. This framework outlines four dominant management clusters that are interconnected with each other. Sustainable management of Festuca grass contributes to both environmental conservation and community wellbeing. It advocates for inclusive, community‐based approaches that balance ecological preservation with socioeconomic needs. The sustainability of Festuca grass resources is precarious and could face a significant decline or total loss if the current management practices remain unchanged in the coming decades. To ensure the effective utilization and management of Festuca grass, it is imperative to implement periodic resource monitoring, conduct stakeholder meetings, and apply a sustainable management framework. The responsibility for sustaining Festuca grass resources lies with governmental organizations, academic and research institutions, nongovernmental organizations, professional associations, and user communities.
Preservation and Bacteriostasis Effects of Citral Nanoemulsion on Golden Pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) During Refrigeration
Authors: Hu Zhiheng , Ge Yingliang , Chin Yaoxian , Hang Yuyu , Wang Dongxue , Yao Qian , Hu Yaqin , Yuan Chunhong
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study was to validate the preservation and bacteriostasis effects of a citral nanoemulsion on golden pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) stored at 4°C, in comparison with sterile saline and blank nanoemulsion without citral addition, aiming at keeping the freshness of T. ovatus and enhancing the quality maintenance technology for aquatic products. The analysis of microbial composition revealed that Shewanella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were predominant spoilage organisms in T. ovatus (accounting for more than 90% of the total proportion during most storage time), when the citral nanoemulsion treatment led to an abundance decrease of Shewanella spp. and an increase of Pseudomonas spp. The total viable count (TVC) of fish samples treated with citral nanoemulsion consistently exhibited the lowest TVC values, surpassing the limit (7.0 log CFU/g) on Day 10, which was observed with a delay of 2–4 days compared to the other two groups. Meanwhile, the fish samples of the citral nanoemulsion group exhibited significantly reduced levels in total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and K value, with better attributes in texture and sensory evaluation. Furthermore, the Pearson analysis revealed highly significant correlations between TVC and these quality indices (correlation coefficients exceeding 0.9), underscoring the importance of microbial control in T. ovatus. These findings highlighted the potential application of citral nanoemulsion on the preservation and bacteriostasis of T. ovatus during refrigeration.
Safety and Tolerability of Letetresgene Autoleucel (GSK3377794): Pilot Studies in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Altan Mehmet , Lopes Gilberto , Hiltermann T. Jeroen N. , Govindan Ramaswamy , Villaruz Liza C. , Calvo Emiliano , Edelman Martin J. , Furqan Muhammad , Neal Joel , Felip Enriqueta , Carlisle Jennifer W. , Heymach John V. , O’Cearbhaill Róisín Eilish , Zauderer Marjorie , Chisamore Michael , Corigliano Ellie , Eleftheriadou Ioanna , Zajic Stefan , Jenkins Ben , Goodison Sophia , Suchindran Sunil , Ramos-Hernandez Natalia , Tarek Nidale , Schoenfeld Adam J.
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

The study aims to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and antitumor response of letetresgene autoleucel (lete-cel), genetically modified autologous T cells expressing a T-cell receptor specific for New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1)/LAGE-1a shared epitope, alone or in combination with pembrolizumab, in HLA-A*02–positive (HLA-A*02:01, HLA-A*02:05, and/or HLA-A*02:06) patients with NY-ESO-1– and/or LAGE-1a–positive non–small cell lung cancer.

Patients and Methods:

Study 208749 was a single-arm study of lete-cel alone. Study 208471 was a multiarm study of lete-cel alone or in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced or recurrent non–small cell lung cancer.

Results:

More than 2,500 patients were screened for target expression. In the multiarm study, 738 (45%) of 1,638 tested patients were HLA-A*02–positive. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1a testing was positive in 12% (62/525) and 4% (15/348) of tested patients, respectively. Forty-one patients positive for HLA-A*02 and antigen expression were screened in the single-arm study. Overall, 43 patients underwent leukapheresis and 18 received lete-cel across studies. Lete-cel demonstrated a manageable safety profile. No fatal treatment-related serious adverse events (AE) were reported in either study. Cytopenias and cytokine release syndrome were the most common treatment-emergent AEs. Combining pembrolizumab with lete-cel did not seem to increase toxicity over lete-cel alone. Limited antitumor activity was observed; one of 18 patients had a durable response persisting for 18 months. Pharmacokinetic data showed similar T-cell expansion in all patients.

Conclusions:

Extensive HLA-A*02 and antigen expression testing was performed to identify potential participants. Lete-cel was generally well tolerated and had no unexpected AEs. Antitumor activity was observed in a limited number of patients.
A Phase II Open-Label, Randomized Clinical Trial of Atezolizumab with or without Human Recombinant IL-7 (CYT107) in Advanced Urothelial Cancer
Authors: Sweis Randy F. , Chatta Gurkamal S. , Jain Rohit K. , Moon Helen , Delacroix Scott Edward , Fang Alana , D’Amico Leonard , Kask Angela Shaulov , Cheever Martin A. , Fling Steven , Sharon Elad , Lacroix Andreanne , Kaiser Judith C. , Pachynski Russell K. , Yu Evan Y.
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

Advanced urothelial cancer generally has high mortality despite modern anti–PD-1/L1 antibody–based combinations. Augmenting checkpoint inhibitor–mediated immune responses with lymphocyte growth factors may improve outcomes. We conducted a randomized phase II study (Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network-14) in 47 patients to explore whether human recombinant IL-7 (CYT107) could be safely combined with PD-L1 inhibition to enhance responses.

Patients and Methods:

Patients with urothelial cancer after platinum chemotherapy were randomized to atezolizumab alone or with CYT107 weekly for four doses. The primary objective was clinical efficacy by the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives included safety, toxicity, and other clinical outcomes. Correlative endpoints included peripheral immunophenotyping and quantification of cytokines.

Results:

CYT107 plus atezolizumab was well-tolerated, without dose-limiting toxicities and lower grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events compared with atezolizumab monotherapy. The ORR was 26.3% for the combination therapy versus 23.8% for atezolizumab alone (P = 0.428). The complete response rate was 10.5% for the combination therapy versus 4.8% for monotherapy. Three patients on combination therapy had responses >21 months versus one with monotherapy. CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte expansion occurred in patients with response to combination therapy, with the greatest effect in T memory stem cells. Patients who responded to treatment exhibited elevated baseline levels of CCL4 and reduced levels of VEGFA and TNF.

Conclusions:

Combining CYT107 with atezolizumab was safe and resulted in lymphocyte expansion, a doubling of the complete response rate, and durable responses exceeding 2 years. However, the ORR was similar to atezolizumab alone. Increased and sustained doses of CYT107 coupled with patient selection strategies should be further investigated.
Table S2 from ETx-22, a Novel Nectin-4–Directed Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Safety and Potent Antitumor Activity in Low-Nectin-4–Expressing Tumors
Authors: Lopez Marc , Crompot Emerence , Josselin Emmanuelle , Farina Anne , Rubis Marion , Castellano Remy , Fares Joanna , Wehbe Maria , Collette Yves , Charafe Emmanuelle , Blanchin Stéphanie , Romagne François , Pálfi Anikó , Hechler Torsten , Pahl Andreas , Azim Hatem A. , Lhospice Florence , Mamessier Emilie , Bertucci François , Elands Jack , Préville Xavier , Olive Daniel
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Table 2 shows the 6226 human plasma membrane and secreted proteins screened
Figure S6 from ETx-22, a Novel Nectin-4–Directed Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Safety and Potent Antitumor Activity in Low-Nectin-4–Expressing Tumors
Authors: Lopez Marc , Crompot Emerence , Josselin Emmanuelle , Farina Anne , Rubis Marion , Castellano Remy , Fares Joanna , Wehbe Maria , Collette Yves , Charafe Emmanuelle , Blanchin Stéphanie , Romagne François , Pálfi Anikó , Hechler Torsten , Pahl Andreas , Azim Hatem A. , Lhospice Florence , Mamessier Emilie , Bertucci François , Elands Jack , Préville Xavier , Olive Daniel
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 6 shows the analysis of nectin-4 expression in TNBC
Figure S5 from ETx-22, a Novel Nectin-4–Directed Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Safety and Potent Antitumor Activity in Low-Nectin-4–Expressing Tumors
Authors: Lopez Marc , Crompot Emerence , Josselin Emmanuelle , Farina Anne , Rubis Marion , Castellano Remy , Fares Joanna , Wehbe Maria , Collette Yves , Charafe Emmanuelle , Blanchin Stéphanie , Romagne François , Pálfi Anikó , Hechler Torsten , Pahl Andreas , Azim Hatem A. , Lhospice Florence , Mamessier Emilie , Bertucci François , Elands Jack , Préville Xavier , Olive Daniel
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 5 shows IHC analysis of ETx-22 infiltration and pharmacodynamic in SUM190PT tumors
Figure 4 from ETx-22, a Novel Nectin-4–Directed Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Safety and Potent Antitumor Activity in Low-Nectin-4–Expressing Tumors
Authors: Lopez Marc , Crompot Emerence , Josselin Emmanuelle , Farina Anne , Rubis Marion , Castellano Remy , Fares Joanna , Wehbe Maria , Collette Yves , Charafe Emmanuelle , Blanchin Stéphanie , Romagne François , Pálfi Anikó , Hechler Torsten , Pahl Andreas , Azim Hatem A. , Lhospice Florence , Mamessier Emilie , Bertucci François , Elands Jack , Préville Xavier , Olive Daniel
Published: November 2024

PK/PD characterization of ETx-22 ADC. NSG mice and PDX TNBC400-bearing NSG mice (n = 3 per time point) were injected intravenously when tumors averaged 150 mm3 (T0) with 10 mg/kg of ETx-22 (from humanized 15A7.5 mAb). At the indicated time points, terminal blood sampling was performed, and plasma was prepared from naïve and PDX TNBC400 mice. A, PK analysis of ETx-22 [ADC + total antibody (tmAb)] by Meso Scale Discovery technique. B,In vivo stability measurement by LC/MS after affinity capture of ETx-22. C, determination by LC/MS of circulating free exatecan concentration in plasma.
Figure 3 from ETx-22, a Novel Nectin-4–Directed Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Safety and Potent Antitumor Activity in Low-Nectin-4–Expressing Tumors
Authors: Lopez Marc , Crompot Emerence , Josselin Emmanuelle , Farina Anne , Rubis Marion , Castellano Remy , Fares Joanna , Wehbe Maria , Collette Yves , Charafe Emmanuelle , Blanchin Stéphanie , Romagne François , Pálfi Anikó , Hechler Torsten , Pahl Andreas , Azim Hatem A. , Lhospice Florence , Mamessier Emilie , Bertucci François , Elands Jack , Préville Xavier , Olive Daniel
Published: November 2024

Characterization of ETx-22 ADC. A, Schematic representation of ETx-22. B, Comparative HIC profile between the naked humanized 15A7.5 and ETx-22. C, DAR measure by LC/MS. Data indicate that cysteine from both light and heavy chains of the antibody are fully loaded with the linker payload yielding a DAR of 8. D,Ex vivo stability assessment. ETx-22 (from chimeric 15A7.5 mAb) was incubated in mouse, cynomolgus, or human serum. At the indicated times, ETx-22 was affinity-captured via anti-human LC-κ (mouse) or Fc–nectin-4 fragment (cynomolgus and human), and the DAR was measured by LC/MS. E, ETx-22 in vitro cytotoxic activity. A concentration range (1 pmol/L–6.67 nmol/L) of ETx-22 (from humanized 15A7.5 mAb, blue triangles) or an isotype control coupled to the same linker payload (open diamonds) was incubated with HCT-116-2G10 clone expressing human nectin-4 for 8 days. Viability was monitored through mitochondrial oxidation (cell titer blue reagent) using a BMG Labtech fluorometer. Ab, Antibody; LC, Light Chain; HC, Heavy Chain.
Figure 2 from ETx-22, a Novel Nectin-4–Directed Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Safety and Potent Antitumor Activity in Low-Nectin-4–Expressing Tumors
Authors: Lopez Marc , Crompot Emerence , Josselin Emmanuelle , Farina Anne , Rubis Marion , Castellano Remy , Fares Joanna , Wehbe Maria , Collette Yves , Charafe Emmanuelle , Blanchin Stéphanie , Romagne François , Pálfi Anikó , Hechler Torsten , Pahl Andreas , Azim Hatem A. , Lhospice Florence , Mamessier Emilie , Bertucci François , Elands Jack , Préville Xavier , Olive Daniel
Published: November 2024

Differential recognition and activity of the 15A7.5 antibody. A, Quick scoring results for the staining of each tissue with murine 15A7.5 and 5A12.2 antibodies. Frozen tissue sections of high- and low-nectin-4–expressing CDX breast cancers (SUM190 and SUM149, respectively), as well human skin, were processed to determine the level of nectin-4 expression by IHC. Right, The quick scoring ratio for both mAbs of SUM190 cells over human skin. B, Internalization of chimeric 15A7.5 and 5A12.2 mAbs. Shown is the ratio of apparent EC50 value for internalization in SUM190PT cells over that in differentiated keratinocytes. C, Chimeric 15A7.5 (blue) and 5A12.2 (green) mAbs were conjugated to α-amanitin. Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity experiments (n = 3) were performed on nectin-4–expressing tumor cell lines (MDA-MB-468 and SUM190PT) and on differentiated keratinocytes. Shown are the apparent mean EC50 values obtained and their calculated ratios for each cell type. Viability was measured via CellTiter-Blue for open symbols and IncuCyte for plain symbols. ns, not significant; QS, Quick Score.
Metrnl/IL-41 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing Inflammatory Responses through the AMPK/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Guannan , Liu Danqin , Zhang Kejing , Wang Yan , Xu Zhiwei
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Interleukin-41 (IL-41), also known as Metrnl, is a multifunctional adipokine recognized for its neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory properties that play a significant role in diseases such as sepsis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Despite its crucial biological functions, the mechanisms by which IL-41 mitigates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) are not well understood. This study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of IL-41 against LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in a murine model and in vitro using bronchial epithelial cells (Beas-2b). Methods: We administered recombinant IL-41 to mice subjected to LPS-induced ALI and observed changes in lung histopathology, inflammation, and apoptosis. Concurrently, Beas-2b cells were transfected with IL-41 constructs, and the role of the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway was investigated using specific inhibitors and agonists. Results: Our results demonstrated that LPS-induced ALI is characterized by increased inflammatory cell chemotaxis in lung lavage fluid, enhanced phosphorylation of NFκB p65, and elevated Bax protein expression, coupled with a decrease in IL-41 protein levels. Treatment with recombinant IL-41 effectively mitigated these pathological changes by upregulating AMPK phosphorylation and SIRT1 expression and inhibiting IκB/NFκB p65 phosphorylation. In cellular assays, overexpression of IL-41 reversed LPS-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, whereas suppression of IL-41 or inhibition of AMPK reversed these protective effects. Conclusions: In conclusion, IL-41 exerts significant protective effects against ALI by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway and reducing excessive inflammation and apoptosis. These findings suggest that IL-41 holds promise as a therapeutic target for ALI, potentially allowing for personalized treatments based on serum IL-41 levels.
Pattern Electroretinogram in Glaucoma Suspects with Signs of Conversion: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Monitoring Treatment – Case Report
Authors: Tirsi Andrew , Adamovich-Zeitlin Richard , Yang Hanwen , Patel Bhakti , Orshan Derek , Zhu Daniel , Procyk Oksana , Leung Nicholas , Obstbaum Stephen , Tello Celso
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The purpose of this case report was to describe a case of a 61-year-old female glaucoma suspect with signs of conversion into early glaucoma. Treatment with prostaglandin analog drops was started. Case Presentation: A 61-year-old female presented with worsening vision in the left eye, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of 25 mm Hg in the right eye and 21 mm Hg in the left eye. Humphrey visual field tests showed borderline glaucomatous changes, but pattern electroretinogram (PERG) confirmed objective retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction in both eyes. Prostaglandin analog drops were offered to be used daily, but the patient preferred to use the drops 3 times per week. PERG was conducted during her next 3 follow-up visits, demonstrating reductions of the IOP lowering effects on PERG parameters when the drops were not instilled consistently. Estimated RGC count significantly increased after IOP lowering treatment. Conclusion: The effects of the prostaglandin analog treatment have demonstrated improvements in PERG parameters, demonstrating a restoration of RGC function and an increase in the estimated RGC count, based on the combined structure-function index. However, when the treatment was not applied consistently as prescribed, and when longer periods of nontreatment occurred, PERG parameters transiently deteriorated, demonstrating the presence of a transient RGC dysfunction state. PERG demonstrates the potential in monitoring the effectiveness of IOP lowering treatment in newly diagnosed subjects for not only chronic IOP elevation, but for transient IOP elevation detections as well. This could be mostly due to either lack of adherence, skipping treatment, delayed access to prescription refills, or missing timely drop instillations due to forgetfulness or travel.
Identification of Key Genes and Drug Recommendations in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Based on Analysis of Glutathione-Related Genes
Authors: Ren Yu , He Aijun
Published: November 2024

Background: Various malignancies can be efficiently combated by focusing on glutathione. It is unclear how glutathione-related genes link to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: Clinical information was gathered from DLBCL patients, and differences in glutathione-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between DLBCL and healthy groups were found. Enrichment analysis was run on the DEGs associated with glutathione. We discovered hub genes in glutathione, confirmed hub genes’ capacity for diagnosis and function prediction, and estimated drug sensitivity. Immune microenvironmental variations between healthy and DLBCL people were assessed, and hub genes for transcription factor (TF) targeting and miRNAs were found. Results: The glutathione-related DEGs were linked to biological processes such as response to oxidative stress and response to xenobiotic stimulus, according to enrichment analysis. Out of DEGs associated with glutathione, six hub genes were chosen. In the DLBCL population, there was a notable upregulation of the six hub genes. All the genes’ AUC values in the diagnostic ability category were more than 0.7, showing strong hub gene diagnostic capacity. The DLBCL population had a high level of T-cell infiltration, according to immune infiltration analysis techniques. Similar activities, such as the cell cycle G2/M phase transition and the negative control of organelle formation, are demonstrated by gene function prediction for hub. According to drug sensitivity prediction, there was a favorable link between KPNA2 with pracinostat, BRCA1 with B-7100, and LEE-011. The gene KPNA2 was shown to be concurrently targeted by many miRNAs and TFs, according to the miRNA-gene-TF interaction network. Conclusion: The relationship between DLBCL and glutathione-related genes was uncovered by our research, and six glutathione genes were linked to DLBCL. These genes might be used as diagnostic biomarkers or targets for treatment for DLBCL patients.
Quando a literatura afro-brasileira e o horror se encontram: uma análise do conto 'A floresta', de Carol Dermond
Authors: Antuniassi Julia , Ferreira Cláudia Cristina
Published: November 2024

Literary work is a powerful instrument of expression and reflection that has played a significant role in representing the figure of black people in Brazilian literature. Over the centuries, writers have explored the complexities of the Afro-descendant experience, expanding perspectives and giving voice to narratives that enrich and give new meaning to black identity in the national literary context. In this sense, the present work aims to analyze the short story “The Forest”, by Carol DerMond, from the theoretical perspective of Afro-Brazilian literature and the contemporary unusual. The narrative in question was published in 2020 in the book Afrohorror - ancestral fears, a collection of short stories written by black authors who used horror as a backdrop for deeper debates about racism, identity and belonging. For this study, support will be sought from theories that deal with Afro-Brazilian literature (DUARTE, 2010; EVARISTO, 2009; MÉRIAN, 2008), in addition to theorists who focus on the unusual fiction and horror in literature (ALAZRAKI, 2001; CARROLL, 1999; NESTAREZ, 2022; ROAS, 2014; TODOROV, 2001). In short, the tale is permeated by horror and violence that is manifested by a real monster, racism, crossing the boundaries between fiction and reality.
‘Fantasmas prolixos, ultrajados, desnorteados’: retratos do gótico sulista a partir de Absalão, Absalão! (1936), de William Faulkner
Authors: Gonçalves Giovana Proença
Published: November 2024

Este artigo propõe uma leitura do Gótico Sulista, como os críticos costumam chamar grande parte da literatura produzida no Sul dos Estados Unidos entre o fim da Primeira Guerra Mundial e a década de 1950. Em um primeiro momento, discutimos a imprecisão do termo “gótico” quando vinculado à escrita do Sul e questionamos a tendência crítica de reduzir a literatura da Renascença Sulista ao goticismo. Para isso, propomos uma diferenciação entre o gótico e o grotesco, categoria estética que ganhou destaque entre escritoras mulheres, herdeiras de Faulkner, como Carson McCullers e Flannery O’ Connor. Depois, nos concentramos no romance Absalão, Absalão!, de William Faulkner, obra citada como o maior exemplo do estilo gótico do Sul. A partir de aspectos temáticos e formais da obra, traçamos um panorama do Gótico Sulista e de sua ressonância ao tratar as questões históricas do Sul. Argumentamos, assim, que o horror é um potente meio de retrato da realidade social.
Da Boca Escancarada ao Riso Contido: compreendendo algumas imagens grotescas do horror
Authors: Silva Rafael Oliveira da , Alves Maria da Penha Casado
Published: November 2024

This article presents a discussion about horror as an aesthetic category present in several discursive genres. It seeks to elucidate the humor present in the horror discourse, the nuances and specificities of the carnival laughter present in its utterance. To this end, it brings a discussion based on Roas’ (2014) theory of fear in the fantastic and Caroll’s (1999) theory about horror images in dialogue with Bakhtin's (2010a, 2010b) theory of laughter, comics and carnival. From this dialogue emerges the understanding of the grotesque body of the monster and its role in the construction of reduced laughter present in the discourse of horror. The article falls within the area of ​​Applied Linguistics and is theoretically and methodologically guided by a qualitative investigation.
Horrores e Sacrifícios: o Pesadelo Geracional Irlandês em Vivarium (2019), de Lorcan Finnegan
Authors: Alves Manoel Carlos dos Santos , Quintella Samael Patriarcha , Silva Sanio Santos da
Published: November 2024

Vivarium (2019), filme de Lorcan Finnegan, acompanha o fim trágico de um casal que, buscando comprar seu primeiro imóvel, é preso em um conjunto habitacional. Os acontecimentos do longa podem ser relacionados às mudanças no capitalismo, que engendraram alterações na estrutura familiar e identitária da Irlanda, a partir do fenômeno econômico Tigre Celta (1994-2008). O aquecimento da economia não beneficiou a todos, e a maior parte dos irlandeses sofreu devido à transferência de riquezas dos pobres para os mais ricos (KENNEDY, 2003). Com o aumento da desigualdade social e a supervalorização dos imóveis, uma crise habitacional se espalhou pelo país e milhares ficaram desabrigados (ROB KITCHIN ET AL., 2015). Assim, esta pesquisa busca responder de que maneira Vivarium (2019) representa os efeitos das transformações socioeconômicas, sobretudo a crise habitacional das últimas décadas, na instituição familiar irlandesa. O objetivo geral é desenvolver uma análise, sob a luz do referencial teórico, para Vivarium (2019), destacando aspectos socioculturais relacionados à Irlanda retratados no longa. O método de pesquisa adotado é a análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 1977). Para mais, este estudo busca ampliar o arcabouço de pesquisas sobre cinema irlandês, visto que ainda há poucos estudos sobre essa temática.
O feminino na literatura de Shirley Jackson: uma análise da personagem Eleanor Vance, de The Haunting of Hill House (1959)
Authors: Batista Cibele
Published: November 2024

Este artigo investiga representações do feminino na literatura de horror por meio da análise da personagem Eleanor Vance, do romance The Haunting of Hill House, escrito pela escritora estadunidense Shirley Jackson, em 1959. Para isso, os aspectos sociais e os recursos narrativos utilizados em sua construção são examinados. O trabalho está fundamentado em uma bibliografia que aborda autores como Ellen Moers (1976) e as suas formulações sobre o gótico feminino; Dara Dowey (2014) para tratar sobre a literatura de Jackson e Antonio Candido (2006), cujo pensamento alicerça a análise integradora entre obra e meio social. Por fim, o artigo sugere que os elementos narrativos que compõem a personagem estão em consonância com os valores sociais do contexto de produção da obra.
Drug‐Coated Balloons Versus Drug‐Eluting Stents or Plain Old Balloon Angioplasty: A Long‐Term in‐Stent Restenosis Study
Authors: von Koch Sacharias , Zhou Mikael , Rosén Hans Christian , Zwackman Sammy , Jurga Juliane , Grimfjärd Per , Götberg Matthias , Mohammad Moman A. , Erlinge David
Published: November 2024

Background

Balloon angioplasty with drug‐coated balloons (DCBs) is frequently used during percutaneous coronary intervention for in‐stent restenosis. Despite its frequent use, there is a lack of long‐term data on the efficacy of DCB angioplasty. We conducted an investigation on the long‐term efficacy outcome of in‐stent restenosis, comparing DCBs, drug‐eluting stents, and plain old balloon angioplasty.

Methods and Results

We conducted a nationwide analysis from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry) including in‐stent restenosis lesions undergoing coronary angiography between June 11, 2013, and January 14, 2022. The primary outcome of this study was target‐lesion revascularization within a 5‐year follow‐up. Secondary outcomes included all‐cause death, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and any percutaneous coronary intervention. The outcomes were analyzed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model or Poisson regression, as appropriate. A total of 10 561 lesions from 9062 patients were included. Compared with plain old balloon angioplasty, the use of DCB angioplasty was associated with less target‐lesion revascularization (risk ratio, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.57–0.82]), all‐cause death (risk ratio, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.59–0.88]), and cardiovascular death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.59 [95% CI, 0.45–0.78]). No difference was observed for myocardial infarction or any percutaneous coronary intervention. Compared with drug‐eluting stents, the use of DCBs was associated with higher rates of target‐lesion revascularization (HR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.06–1.37]). No difference was observed for all‐cause death, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or any percutaneous coronary intervention.

Conclusions

In this long‐term nationwide analysis, the use of DCB angioplasty showed superior outcomes compared with plain old balloon angioplasty within 5 years but higher rates of repeat revascularizations compared with drug‐eluting stents.
Exploring the Spiritual and Functional Aspects of Sacred Groves
Authors: Asante Daniel Boamah
Published: November 2024

This study delves into the multifaceted nature of sacred groves within the Kwahu Traditional Area of Ghana, specifically focusing on the Kwaékese and Twendurase Mystical Sacred Groves. These groves represent unique community-conserved areas, intertwined with both spiritual and utilitarian motives. Simultaneously, the study delves into their ecological role in safeguarding perennial water sources and as repositories for endangered flora and fauna, preserving biodiversity in the face of expanding human activities. Furthermore, the research highlights the evolving role of sacred groves in response to contemporary challenges, such as population growth and deforestation. This study underscores the coexistence of spirituality and practicality in these unique ecosystems, shedding light on the multifaceted nature of sacred groves and their indispensable ecological significance.
“It Is Taboo to Clear Those Forests or Cut Trees from Them”
Authors: Nche George C. , Michael Benson Ogar
Published: November 2024

The preservation of sacred forests holds significant implications for environmental sustainability, yet mainstream conservation frameworks often overlook the integration of indigenous knowledge and religious practices. This study explored the preservation of sacred forests among the Abanyom people in Cross River State, Nigeria, and its implications for environmental sustainability. Data was elicited through semi-structured interviews with 15 participants comprising traditional leaders (n=12), clan heads (n=2), and chief priests (n=1), originating from Abanyom’s constituent clans—Abanyom (n=8) and Abangork (n=7). Through an investigation into the number, nature, taboos, rituals, and rationale behind the preservation of the sacred forests, the study highlighted the multifaceted significance of these forests to local communities. Findings revealed that the preservation of sacred forests is deeply rooted in cultural practices and serve as repositories of ecological, cultural, and spiritual value. The study emphasized the importance of integrating traditional ecological knowledge into modern conservation strategies. This includes promoting intergenerational knowledge transfer and fostering community stewardship to ensure the long-term protection of sacred forests.
Needfulness and the Knowledge of God in Barth’s Dogmatics
Authors: Dorman David A.
Published: November 2024

In the opening of CD II/1, Barth expounds his theological epistemology anchored in the grace of God and (thereby) the concomitant readiness of humanity for grace. In doing so he propounds a “Christian anthropology” of “blessed radical needfulness” that explicates God’s creational intention for humanity, the turn of humanity to sin, and humanity’s redemption in Jesus Christ. Although the significance of this positive anthropological proposal has suffered in critical discussion, a renewed look at its function discloses it to be decisive for Barth’s understanding of how we as humans know God and how we understand ourselves and/or salvation.
Obedience, Punishment, and Merit
Authors: van den Brink Gert
Published: November 2024

There is a longstanding debate on whether the Heidelberg Catechism favors the imputation of the active obedience of Christ (IAOC). In this article, I argue that the IAOC is not present in the Catechism, not even latently. The main authors of the Catechism, Olevianus and Ursinus, denied the IAOC. Additionally, what the Catechism teaches about the interrelations between obedience, punishment and merit, makes clear that the IAOC does not fit in its theological structure. Therefore, a historically sensitive interpretation of the Catechism leads to the recognition that the Catechism leaves no room for the IAOC.