bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AnaWEGE: a weather generator based on analogues of atmospheric circulation
Authors: Yiou P.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This paper presents a stochastic weather generator based on analogues of circulation (AnaWEGE). Analogues of circulation have been a promising paradigm to analyse climate variability and its extremes. The weather generator uses precomputed analogues of sea-level pressure over the North Atlantic. The stochastic rules of the generator constrain the continuity in time of the simulations. The generator then simulates spatially coherent time series of a climate variable, drawn from meteorological observations. The weather generator is tested for European temperatures, and for winter and summer seasons. The biases in temperature quantiles and autocorrelation are rather small compared to observed variability. The ability of simulating extremely hot summers and cold winters is also assessed.
Impacts of climate variability on wetland salinization in the North American prairies
Authors: Nachshon U. , Ireson A. , van der Kamp G. , Davies S. R. , Wheater H. S.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. The glaciated plains of the North American continent, also known as the "prairies", are a complex hydrological system characterized by hummocky terrain, where wetlands, containing seasonal or semi-permanent ponds, occupy the numerous topographic depressions. The prairie subsoil and many of its water bodies contain high salt concentrations, in particular sulfate salts, which are continuously cycled within the closed drainage basins. The period between 2000 and 2012 was characterized by an unusual degree of climatic variability, including severe floods and droughts, and this had a marked effect on the spatial distribution, water levels and chemical composition of wetland ponds. Understanding the geochemical and hydrological processes under changing environmental conditions is needed in order to better understand the risk and mitigate the impacts of future soil and water salinization. Here we explore salt dynamics in the prairies using field observations from St. Denis, Saskatchewan, taken mostly over the last 20 years. Measurements include meteorological data, soil moisture, soil salinity, groundwater levels and pond water volume, salinity, and chemical composition. The record includes periods of exceptional snow (1997, 2007) and periods of exception rainfall (2010, 2012), both of which resulted in unusually high pond water levels. Measurements indicated that severe pond salinization only occurred in response to extreme summer rainfall. It is hypothesized that since rainfall water infiltrates through the soil towards the depressions, while snowmelt water flows mainly as surface water over frozen soils, they have markedly different impacts on salt transport and pond salinization. Whilst this hypothesis is consistent with our conceptual understanding of the system, it needs to be tested further at a range of field sites in the prairies.
Electrical resistivity tomography for studying liquefaction induced by the May 2012 Emilia-Romagna earthquake (Mw = 6.1, northern Italy)
Authors: Giocoli A. , Quadrio B. , Bellanova J. , Lapenna V. , Piscitelli S.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This work shows the result of an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey carried out for imaging and characterizing the shallow subsurface affected by the coseismic effects of the Mw = 6.1 Emilia-Romagna (northern Italy) earthquake that occurred on 20 May 2012. The most characteristic coseismic effects were ground failure, lateral spreading and liquefaction that occurred extensively along the paleo-Reno River in the urban areas of San Carlo and Mirabello (southwestern portion of Ferrara Province). In total, six electrical resistivity tomographies were performed and calibrated with surface geological surveys, exploratory boreholes and aerial photo interpretations. This was one of first applications of the electrical resistivity tomography method in investigating coseismic liquefaction.
Regional and inter-regional effects in evolving climate networks
Authors: Hlinka J. , Hartman D. , Jajcay N. , Vejmelka M. , Donner R. , Marwan N. , Kurths J. , Paluš M.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Complicated systems composed of many interacting subsystems are frequently studied as complex networks. In the simplest approach, a given real-world system is represented by an undirected graph composed of nodes standing for the subsystems and non-oriented unweighted edges for interactions present among the nodes; the characteristic properties of the graph are subsequently studied and related to the system's behaviour. More detailed graph models may include edge weights, orientations or multiple types of links; potential time-dependency of edges is conveniently captured in so-called evolving networks. Recently, it has been shown that an evolving climate network can be used to disentangle different types of El Niño episodes described in the literature. The time evolution of several graph characteristics has been compared with the intervals of El Niño and La Niña episodes. In this study we identify the sources of the evolving network characteristics by considering a reduced-dimensionality description of the climate system using network nodes given by rotated principal component analysis. The time evolution of structures in local intra-component networks is studied and compared to evolving inter-component connectivity.
The ring-shaped thermal field of Stefanos crater, Nisyros Island: a conceptual model
Authors: Pantaleo M. , Walter T. R.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Fumarole fields related to hydrothermal processes release the heat of the underground through permeable pathways. Thermal changes, therefore, are likely to depend also on the size and permeability variation of these pathways. There may be different explanations for the observed permeability changes, such as fault control, lithology, weathering/alteration, heterogeneous sediment accumulation/erosion and physical changes of the fluids (e.g., temperature and viscosity). A common difficulty, however, in surface temperature field studies at active volcanoes is that the parameters controlling the ascending routes of fluids are poorly constrained in general. Here we analyze the crater of Stefanos, Nisyros (Greece), and highlight complexities in the spatial pattern of the fumarole field related to permeability conditions. We combine high-resolution infrared mosaics and grain-size analysis of soils, aiming to elaborate parameters controlling the appearance of the fumarole field. We find a ring-shaped thermal field located within the explosion crater, which we interpret to reflect near-surface contrasts of the soil granulometry and volcanotectonic history at depth. We develop a conceptual model of how the ring-shaped thermal field formed at the Stefanos crater and similarly at other volcanic edifices, highlighting the importance of local permeability contrast that may increase or decrease the thermal fluid flux.
Description of Seedless Grape Drying and Determination of Drying Rate
Authors: Da Silva Wilton Pereira , Do Nascimento Pedro Luiz , Hamawand Ihsan , Da Silva e Silva Cleide Maria Diniz Pereira , Gomes Josivanda Palmeira , Hamawand Ihsan
Published: April 2014

This article compares some empirical models, with one or two parameters, used to describe seedless grape drying at low temperature. Chosen models have, as a common characteristic, an analytical expression for the derivative of dimensionless moisture content with respect to time. Comparison of the results for the simulations of drying kinetics indicates that, despite Page and Silva et alli models well represent the process, the best model is Peleg. For this model, the statistical indicators of the simulation can be considered excellent (the determination coefficient is R2 = 0.99944 and the chi-square is χ2 = 1.2335 x 10-3).
Posterior Iris-Claw Aphakic Intraocular Lens Implantation in Subluxated Lenses due to Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Gonnermann Johannes , Torun Necip , Klamann Matthias K.J. , Maier Anna-Karina , von Sonnleithner Christoph , Bertelmann Eckart
Published: April 2014

Purpose

To evaluate the indications, visual outcomes, and complication rate after posterior implantation of an iris-claw aphakic intraocular lens (IOL) in subluxated lenses due to Marfan syndrome.

Methods

Eyes without adequate capsular support had posterior chamber iris-claw aphakic IOL implantation between 2006 and 2012.

Results

This retrospective cohort study comprised 13 eyes of 10 patients (7 female, 3 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 34.7 ± 19.6; range 9-61 years). The mean follow-up was 37 months (range 6-74 months). The mean final postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was significantly (0.24 ± 0.36 logMAR) better at the last follow-up than 1 day preoperatively (0.72 ± 0.46 logMAR) (p<0.05). There was no significant change in intraocular pressure before and after surgery. The mean endothelial cell density decreased from 2793 ± 478 cells/mm2 preoperatively to 2637 ± 612 cells/mm2 at last follow-up, representing a mean endothelial cell loss of 5.6%. Complications included early transient postoperative hypotony in 2 eyes (15.4%), slight persistent pupil ovalization in 1 eye (7.7%), and retinal detachment in 1 eye (7.7%).

Conclusions

The posterior implantation technique of aphakic iris-claw IOL provided good visual outcomes with a favorable complication rate and can be used as a reasonable alternative in subluxated lenses due to Marfan syndrome without adequate capsular support.
Early Results of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients Resistant to Deep Sclerectomy
Authors: Baykara Mehmet , Hamidi Nagihan Amuk , Akova-Budak Berna , Sabur Huri , Poroy Ceren
Published: April 2014

Purpose

In this study, we aimed to determine the early results of selective laser trabeculoplasty to trabeculo-Descemet membrane in patients resistant to deep sclerectomy (DS) surgery.

Methods

Twelve eyes of 12 patients that had undergone DS for primary open-angle glaucoma were enrolled. Preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured by Goldmann applanation tonometer. Time to failure after DS was noted. Failure is described as IOP higher than 20 mm Hg. All patients underwent selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) after failure. Eight to 10 applications of SLT were applied over the trabeculo-Descemet membrane. Laser was applied to the surgical site only. The IOPs before SLT, at postoperative first week, first month, and third month were measured.

Results

Mean follow-up time was 23.5 ± 9.5 months. Mean preoperative IOP was 34.2 ± 6.7 mm Hg; mean postoperative IOP at first week was 12.7 ± 3.2 mm Hg. Mean time to failure after DS procedure was 21.6 ± 7.6 months. Mean IOP was 20.6 ± 1.9 mm Hg just before SLT procedure. Mean IOP measurements after SLT at first week, first month, and third month were 10.5 ± 2.2 mm Hg, 10.5 ± 1.9 mm Hg, and 10.9 ± 2.1 mm Hg, respectively.

Conclusions

Selective laser trabeculoplasty after DS is an effective and noninvasive procedure that can be done on an outpatient basis. Our results suggest that SLT applied to the surgical site is an effective intervention in the short term but long-term results are required to assess the efficacy.
Visian Toric ICL Implantation after Intracorneal Ring Segments Implantation and Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus
Authors: Dirani Ali , Fadlallah Ali , Khoueir Ziad , Antoun Joelle , Cherfan George , Jarade Elias
Published: April 2014

Purpose

To evaluate the safety and clinical outcome of Visian toric implantable collamer lens (TICL) implantation for the treatment of residual refractive errors 6 months after sequential intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) and corneal collagen UVA crosslinking (CXL) in stable keratoconus.

Methods

This retrospective study examined the results of a 3-step ICRS-CXL-TICL in 11 eyes of 7 patients with moderate to severe keratoconus. The 2 procedures (ICRS-CXL) were performed sequentially at an interval of 4 weeks and TICL implantation was performed at least 6 months after CXL. Data were collected preoperatively, at the 6-month follow-up visit after sequential ICRS-CXL, and at the 6-month follow-up visit after TICL implantation.

Results

The ICRS-CXL induced a significant decrease in keratometry, increase in visual acuity, and decrease in refraction. At 6-month follow-up after ICRS-CXL, mean Kflat was 45.19 ± 3.98 D vs 48.51 ± 4.26 D preoperatively (p = 0.022) and mean Ksteep was 50.41 ± 4.32 D vs 54.24 ± 4.96 D preoperatively (p = 0.032). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA) significantly improved from 1.47 ± 0.38 logMAR before ICRS-CXL to 0.27 ± 0.20 logMAR 6 months after (p = 0.002). Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) significantly improved from 0.50 ± 0.22 logMAR to 0.29 ± 0.23 logMAR (p = 0.001). At 6 months post TICL implantation, UCVA improved significantly to 0.27 ± 0.20 logMAR and the CDVA was 0.19 ± 0.11 logMAR. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred.

Conclusions

Toric ICL implantation after sequential ICRS implantation and CXL is an effective and safe option for correcting high residual refractive error and improving visual acuity in patients with moderate to severe keratoconus.
Treatment Outcomes and Clinicomicrobiological Characteristics of a Protocol-Based Approach for Neonatal Endogenous Endophthalmitis
Authors: Jalali Subhadra , Pehere Niranjan , Rani Padmaja K. , Bobbili Ramesh B. , Nalamada Suma , Motukupally Swapna R. , Sharma Savitri
Published: April 2014

Purpose

To describe the outcomes and clinicomicrobiological profile of 11 years of a protocol-based management in neonatal endogenous endophthalmitis.

Methods

This was a retrospective interventional study of endogenous endophthalmitis in 31 eyes of 26 neonates. The protocol for active infection included systemic antimicrobials, vitreous and/or aqueous tap, and intravitreal antimicrobials under topical or general anesthesia along with core vitrectomy in selected cases. Blood, urine, umbilicus, aqueous, and vitreous samples underwent microbiological evaluation. Retinopathy of prematurity screening and treatment were done when indicated. Primary outcome was anatomic status assessed by comprehensive eye examination and by fundus photography whenever possible.

Results

Twenty-one of 26 babies (81%) were preterm. Two types of presentations included those with a fulminant appearance (24 eyes) and those with focal retinitis detected during routine screening (7 eyes). Vitreous culture was positive in 12/20 eyes (60%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 8 ) was the most common isolate. Incorrect initial diagnosis was common. Treatment included intravitreal injections in 26 eyes, 10 of which also underwent vitrectomy. Twenty-four of the 26 patients (92%) received parenteral antimicrobials and 17 had evidence of systemic infection. All eyes with a fulminant presentation developed phthisis, while all focal fungal cases were salvaged.

Conclusions

Neonatal endogenous endophthalmitis has 2 distinct presentations. Focal retinal infections have good visual and anatomical outcomes while fulminant nosocomial cases do poorly. Management under topical anesthesia can be an alternative strategy for sick babies that cannot undergo surgery under general anesthesia due to systemic morbidity. Awareness about early diagnostic signs may help early referral.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Caruncle: Case Reports
Authors: Van De Put Mathijs A.J. , Haeseker Barbara I. , De Wolff-Rouendaal Didi , De Keizer Robert J.W.
Published: April 2014

Purpose

To report 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal caruncle.

Methods

Two patients, a 38-year-old man and a 72-year-old woman, presented with a painful mass in the medial angle of the eyelid aperture, with signs of inflammation. Biopsy was performed in both cases.

Results

Pathologic examination revealed a keratinized squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal caruncle in both cases.

Conclusions

We report 2 more cases of the rarely found squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal caruncle.
Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Evaluation of Severe Fungal Keratitis Infections Treated by Corneal Crosslinking
Authors: Abbouda Alessandro , Estrada Alfredo Vega , Rodriguez Alejandra E. , Alió Jorge L.
Published: April 2014

Purpose

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relevant diagnostic tool in the evaluation of corneal changes following corneal crosslinking (CXL) treatment in patients infected by a severe fungal corneal infection.

Methods

Two patients with severe fungal keratitis that was unresponsive to medical treatment were treated with CXL. Corneal melting was present in all cases. Anterior segment OCT showed the preoperative depth and extension of the infiltrate and the modification during the follow-up.

Results

Blockage of the melting was achieved in one patient and one patient developed a corneal perforation. Anterior segment OCT allowed control of the evolution of fungal infection and evaluation of the corneal tissue response to the CXL. It is also able to identify the extent and depth of the inflammation. This parameter seems more important than corneal pachymetry to ensure the safety of CXL procedures in infectious keratitis.

Conclusions

The different behavior of inflamed tissue with respect to UVA irradiance could be the main point to understand the different postoperative outcome.
Annexin A1 in Malignant Tumors: Current Opinions and Controversies
Authors: Biaoxue Rong , Xiguang Cai , Shuanying Yang
Published: April 2014

Annexin A1 is a 37 kDa calcium and phospholipid-binding protein that participates in several biological processes, such as inflammatory reactions, modulation of cell proliferation, regulation of cell death signaling, apoptosis, and, most importantly, tumor formation and development. Although annexin A1 has been implicated in the biology of various tumors, the findings are highly controversial and information regarding the underlying mechanism remains limited. Moreover, the mechanism by which annexin A1 participates in carcinogenesis and tumor progression is rather unclear. In the current study, we review the important biological functions of annexin A1 in different tumors. This work indicates that annexin A1 is a possible target for novel therapeutic intervention and that it is a potential biomarker for tumor diagnosis and screening.
Disturbed Tumor Necrosis Factor System is Linked with Lower eGFR and Chronic Inflammation in Hypertension
Authors: Eguchi Takashi , Maruyama Tatsuya , Ohno Yoichi , Morii Toshiyuki , Hirose Hiroshi , Takenaka Tsuneo , Suzuki Hiromichi , Kawabe Hiroshi , Saito Ikuo , Hayashi Matsuhiko , Itoh Hiroshi
Published: April 2014

Background

The relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related parameters and cardiorenal metabolic factors is still controversial in clinical hypertension.

Methods

Normotensive men (NT, n=60) and treated stage 2 and 3 essential hypertensive men (HT, n=89) were enrolled in this study. The relationship between TNF-related parameters and cardiorenal metabolic factors was examined in NT and HT, separately.

Results

HT showed higher rates of insulin resistance and enhanced chronic inflammation compared with NT. The levels of soluble TNF receptor 1 and 2 were significantly higher in HT than in NT, although TNF-α levels were unexpectedly lower in HT than in NT. Regression analysis indicated that the TNF-related parameters were closely linked with mild renal dysfunction both in NT and HT, and moderately related to chronic inflammation only in HT. HT taking inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system showed improved insulin resistance, but no difference in the TNF-related parameters.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the disturbed TNF system is closely linked with chronic inflammation rather than with insulin resistance in HT.
HPV-16 E2 Physical Status and Molecular Evolution in Vivo in Cervical Carcinomas
Authors: Kahla Saloua , Kochbati Lotfi , Badis Chanoufi Mohamed , Maalej Mongi , Oueslati Ridha
Published: April 2014

A key event in the development of cervical carcinoma is the deregulated expression of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) oncogenes, most commonly due to HPV integration into host DNA. Here we explored whether HPV-16 E2 gene integrity is a biomarker of progressive disease with oncogenes expression. HPV-16 genome disruption was assessed by amplification of the entire E2 gene, while mRNA expression patterns of the E1, E2, E6, and E7 genes were evaluated by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). As expected, E2 disruption was significantly higher among patients with cervical cancers than subjects with benign lesions (p=0.02). The status of the E2 gene correlated with tumorogenesis, and seemed also to correlate with the stage of the carcinomas, since integrated HPV-16 DNA was frequently detected in patients with advanced cancer stages (75% of stage III vs 60% stages I and II). In bivariate analysis, the lesions’ grade was most significantly associated with HPV-16 DNA disruption (p<0.05). In cervical carcinoma the deletion pattern involved more frequently the E2 gene rather than the E1 gene (62.5% vs 45.8%). The prevalence of the E6/E7 HPV-16 transcripts in cervical carcinoma specimens and in benign cervical lesions were detected with frequencies of, respectively, 91.6% and 45.4%. The mRNA levels of the HPV-16 E6/E7 genes were expressed at approximately the same levels in each physical state. We consistently observed that E6/E7 were absent or weakly detectable in the presence of E2. However, in the absence of E2 the levels of E6/E7 markedly increased (p<0.05). This study underscores the significance of investigating alternative mechanisms of E2 expression and oncogenes E6/E7 transcripts in vivo as biomarkers for disease severity in cervical carcinomas.
Investigation of Key Genes associated with Prostate Cancer using RNA-Seq Data
Authors: Wu Jitao , Feng Fan , Yang Diandong , Yu Shengqiang , Liu Jianqiu , Gao Zhenli
Published: April 2014

We aimed to identify key genes associated with prostate cancer using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data. RNA-seq data, including 1 cancer sample and 1 adjacent normal sample, were downloaded from the NCBI SRA database and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with the software Cufflinks. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to uncover the biological functions of DEGs. Regulatory information was retrieved from the IPA database and a network was established. A total of 147 DEGs were obtained, including 96 downregulated and 51 upregulated DEGs. Gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis suggested that metabolism and signal transduction were the 2 major functions that were significantly influenced. Moreover, an interaction network was built. In conclusion, a number of DEGs was identified and their roles in the pathogenesis of cancer were supported by previous studies. More studies are necessary to further validate their usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
CCX-CKR Expression in Colorectal Cancer and Patient Survival
Authors: Zhu Yunxiang , Tang Wentao , Liu Yun , Wang Guanghui , Liang Zhonglin , Cui Long
Published: April 2014

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers, with bad prognosis when distal metastasis occurs. The current study aimed to investigate the potential value of using CCX-CKR expression for the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. The results showed that CCX-CKR expression was a negative predictor of cancer metastasis, and that it was positively correlated to the patients’ survival rate. Finally, we found that CCX-CKR expression in vitro could modulate cellular migration and invasion abilities, potentially via the regulation of other chemotactic factors/receptors.
Role of CD24 Polymorphisms in the Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Lisiansky Victoria , Kraus Sarah , Naumov Inna , Kazanov Dina , Nabiochtchikov Ilana , Toledano Ohad , Leshno Moshe , Avivi Doran , Dotan Iris , Arber Nadir , Moshkowitz Menachem
Published: April 2014

Background

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from an inappropriate inflammatory response in which genetic, immune, and environmental factors all play important roles. Recently, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CD24 gene have been associated with the development of several autoimmune diseases.

Aim

To evaluate whether CD24 SNPs, are associated with risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods

The CD24 polymorphisms C170T (rs8734), TG1527del (rs3838646), A1626G (rs1058881), and A1056G (rs1058818) were assessed in a case-control study of an Israeli cohort comprising 117 IBD patients and 105 age and gender-matched healthy controls. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed using BstX1, Bsr1, Mfe1, and BstU1 restriction enzymes. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression models.

Results

Carriers of the C170T SNP were at increased risk of IBD (OR=3.022, 95% CI: 1.748–5.223, p=0.001), UC (OR=3.002, 95% CI: 1.661–5.427, p=0.001) and CD (OR=3.077, 95% CI: 1.334–7.095, p=0.008). Carrying the A1626G and A1056G SNPs was found to be a risk factor for IBD (OR=2.460, 95% CI: 1.420–4.259, p=0.001 and OR=1.856, 95% CI: 1.011–3.405, p=0.01), UC (OR=2.218, 95% CI: 1.207–4.075, p=0.01 and OR=1.944, 95% CI: 0.995–3.798, p=0.01) but not for CD (p=0.086 and p=0.299). The A1626G and TG1527del were found to be associated with younger age of IBD onset (p=0.022 and p=0.027, respectively).

Conclusions

The CD24 C170T polymorphism is associated with IBD risk. The A1626G and A1056G SNPs might be associated only with UC risk. These findings suggest CD24 as a new genetic susceptibility factor, with clinical implications in the prediction of IBD prognosis and therapy.
Pathology-Confirmed Granuloma Mimicking Liver Metastasis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Ting , Fan Minhao , Shui Ruohong , Hu Silong , Zhang Yunyan , Hu Xichun
Published: April 2014

For patients with breast cancer, obtaining tissue samples from liver lesion becomes more and more important for both differential diagnosis and subsequent treatment. However, the procedure is not considered as mandatory routine and is not frequently performed. We here reported about a patient with breast cancer history and a solitary liver metastasis that was clinically diagnosed by both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and position emission tomography - computed tomography (PET-CT). However, pathologic diagnosis after partial hepatectomy (between sections VII and VIII) revealed multifocal granulomas. The case further addresses the importance of core needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy, for obtainment of a histological diagnosis, especially in the presence of a solitary lesion, even when the lesion has a typical medical imaging supporting metastasis, and uptake of radioactive 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) by PET-CT.
Terrain Analysis of Biu Plateau, for Road Transport Development, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Mayomi Ikusemoran , Abdullahi John , Dami Anthony
Published: April 2014

Among all the means of transportation, road has been described as the most important, probably because of its flexibility and its low cost in terms of construction, maintenance and usage. However, in Nigeria, road is considered to be the most dangerous means of transportation because of their bad nature such as sharp bends, narrow bridges, steep slopes and other related problems which are associated with the terrain where these roads are constructed. Road transportation therefore needs proper planning and development through the use of geo-information technologies that would ease accessibility reduces human energy and yet brings reliable and accurate information on the terrain. In this paper, Ilwis 3.5 was used to create Digital Elevation Modelling (DEM), Shadowing, 3-Dimentional View, Slope maps and river direction maps of Biu plateau to analyze the use of GIS on road planning and development on the plateau. It was revealed that the technique has great capabilities of terrain analysis as features which are deemed humanly impossible to assess are viewed as if one is at the scene which may enhance quick analysis on road transportation. It was therefore, recommended that all the stake holders in road transportation should employ the use of this geo-information techniques in terrain analysis to ease transport planning and development in the area.
Total Antioxidant Capacity of Feces of Mammalian Herbivores and Carnivores
Authors: Saletnik Bogdan , Bartosz Grzegorz , Markowski Janusz , Sadowska-Bartosz Izabela
Published: April 2014

The total antioxidant capacities (TAC) of feces of mammalian herbivores and carnivores were compared. TAC were estimated using three different methods: 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS·) reduction, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·) reduction, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). TAC of 18 herbivorous species were generally higher with respect to 16 carnivorous species [(14:21±6:72) vs. (9:45±7:32) mmol Trolox equivalents/kg feces; P < 0:05] in the FRAP assay. The ABTS· reduction assay indicated that the TAC originating from “fast” reacting antioxidants were higher in the herbivores than in carnivores [(17:92±7:18) vs. (12:22±8:5) mmol Trolox equivalents/kg feces; P < 0:05], while a reverse trend was observed for TAC originating from “slowly” reacting antioxidants [(20:68±4:85) vs. (24:68±6:87) mmol Trolox equivalents/kg feces].
Técnicas de exterminación de plagas en los tratados agrícolas andalusíes
Authors: Carabaza Bravo Julia María
Published: April 2014

El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de los distintos métodos utilizados por los agrónomos andalusíes para exterminar una gran variedad de plagas, habidas en los productos agrícolas, entre los animales de la explotación agrícola y en las casas de campo y otras construcciones. Le acompaña otro objetivo: analizar la aportación de la agronomía andalusí en este ámbito de exterminio de plagas. Para todo ello, hemos llevado a cabo un detallado estudio de los tratados de agricultura andalusíes, los cuales hemos comparado con fuentes agronómicas anteriores y posteriores. Los resultados obtenidos, en cuanto a fondo y forma de las técnicas usadas en los agrónomos vistos, permite concluir la gran influencia de la geoponimia greco-bizantina en el desarrollo de dichas técnicas, y la aportación andalusí en el caso de erradicación de plagas en animales y casas, a partir de fuentes ajenas a las propiamente agrícolas.
Los sistemas de injerto en la agronomía andalusí
Authors: García Sánchez Expiración
Published: April 2014

En este trabajo se estudian los textos agrícolas andalusíes para extraer de ellos la rica y variada información que proporcionan acerca de los injertos y su repercusión en la agricultura peninsular. Se abordan los fundamentos teóricos y su aplicación práctica, para establecer en qué fuentes textuales basan sus conocimientos, qué novedades aportan y cómo se transmiten. Tras un análisis comparativo, se ha podido concluir que, si bien determinados elementos teóricos proceden de la tradición greco-romana y bizantina — y en menor medida del mundo arabo-islámico oriental—, los agrónomos andalusíes aportan importantes novedades en relación a sus predecesores, entre las que destacan los sistemas de clasificación vegetal. Al mismo tiempo, en los capítulos dedicados al injerto la influencia autóctona es más acentuada que en otros temas recogidos en los tratados agrícolas andalusíes, hecho que se puede constatar en el léxico aplicado a determinados tipos de injertos.
Editorial
Authors: Jiménez Sureda Montserrat
Published: April 2014

Editorial de Manuscrits vol. 31 (2013)
Le « naturalisme interne » d’André Thérive
Authors: Ouellet François
Published: April 2014

« Chef » de l’école populiste, selon Léon Lemonnier, André Thérive a produit une oeuvre romanesque importante (et très commentée) entre les deux guerres. Largement inspiré par Maupassant et Huysmans, le populisme fictionnel de Thérive se caractérise par une certaine forme de pessimisme métaphysique, ce qui amène le romancier à pratiquer ce que Lemonnier appelait « le naturalisme interne ». Cet article examine le développement de cette esthétique dans Sans âme et Le Charbon ardent, deux romans dont faisait grand cas le Manifeste du roman populiste.
Léon Lemonnier : romancier populiste ?
Authors: Trottier Véronique
Published: April 2014

Dans son Manifeste du roman populiste, Léon Lemonnier a établi une théorie plutôt vague de ce que devait être un roman populiste. Plus clair apparaissait cependant ce qui devait à tout prix être absent de ce type de littérature. Au nombre des éléments à éviter, le moralisme et le romanesque arrivent en tête de liste. Ainsi, il est passablement étonnant de retrouver dans les romans de Lemonnier non seulement une instance moralisatrice, mais aussi des intrigues plutôt traditionnelles dans un style qui rappelle celui du roman psychologique tant exécré des populistes. Cela, combiné à la notion très vague de « peuple » de Lemonnier, rend problématique la place de ce dernier parmi les populistes et la définition du roman populiste.
Douze cent mille de Luc Durtain : un roman populiste avant la lettre ?
Authors: Buffet Alexis
Published: April 2014

En 1922, Luc Durtain publie son premier roman commencé dans les tranchées : Douze cent mille. Connu jusque-là comme poète, familier de l’Abbaye de Créteil et unanimiste, il appartient à cette « génération nouvelle » groupée autour de Jules Romains qui cherche à contrer les divagations du symbolisme en renouant avec la description du réel et du peuple. Parenté thématique qui justifie son annexion au mouvement populiste en compagnie de ses amis Romains et Duhamel (ils siégeront tous les trois comme membres du jury du Prix du roman populiste). Fable sociale particulièrement dense, Douze cent mille se donne pour mission de représenter cette « nécessité d’après-guerre » : « gagner sa vie ». Se posant contre les excès d’analyse du roman bourgeois, le roman de Durtain s’avère moins une description minutieuse du quotidien des classes laborieuses qu’une violente satire de la bourgeoisie oisive et du snobisme à travers les tribulations de Bongrand, picaro moderne et héros positif. Se refusant à une littérature de parti, sans pour autant dissimuler sa sympathie pour la cause socialiste, faisant le lien entre société d’argent et société guerrière, Douze cent mille illustre par anticipation la doctrine populiste et en souligne d’ores et déjà et comme malgré lui toutes les apories.
André Baillon, romancier populiste belge ?
Authors: Gnocchi Maria Chiara
Published: April 2014

Malgré le peu d’enthousiasme qu’André Baillon réserve au mouvement lancé par Léon Lemonnier, le romancier sera, surtout post mortem, à plusieurs reprises étiqueté comme populiste, et ce, jusqu’aujourd’hui. Ce qui peut surprendre, c’est que les mêmes traits qui poussent certains critiques à définir Baillon populiste en amèneront d’autres à le considérer comme régionaliste ou représentant de la littérature prolétarienne. Ces classements contradictoires nous apprennent sans doute peu de choses sur Baillon ; en revanche, ils nous en disent long sur les ambiguïtés des mouvements en question. Et si l’oeuvre du romancier belge tombe dans l’oubli après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, c’est aussi à cause d’une (ou plusieurs) étiquette(s) mal placée(s).
Marcel Aymé, romancier populiste par défaut
Authors: Piroux Cyril
Published: April 2014

À l’origine de cet article réside la conviction intime que le premier Prix du roman populiste avait été attribué à Marcel Aymé pour La Rue sans nom, roman publié en juin 1930. Cette idée reçue sur l’écrivain, relayée au reste par la critique littéraire et universitaire, ne manqua pas de nous convaincre de la facture populiste de l’oeuvre en question. Or, en vérité, s’il a bien obtenu quelques prix littéraires — dont le prix Renaudot de 1929 pour La Table-aux-Crevés —, Marcel Aymé ne fut jamais officiellement consacré populiste. Cette étude se propose donc de remonter aux origines de cette méprise, à laquelle l’écrivain ne semble pas avoir été étranger. Populiste par défaut, l’auteur de La Rue sans nom se rapprocha en effet à pas feutrés d’une sensibilité qui ratissait large et dont l’ambiguïté lui offrait l’avantage non négligeable d’écrire dans l’air du temps, sans avoir à prêter serment d’allégeance.
Sophie de Tréguier, roman populiste ?
Authors: Lecoeur Pierre
Published: April 2014

En 1933, le jeune Henri Pollès reçoit le Prix du roman populiste, récemment fondé, pour son premier ouvrage, Sophie de Tréguier (1932), portrait sensible et pathétique d’une jeune trégoroise. L’ouvrage s’inscrit dans la vogue ruraliste et régionaliste largement saluée par les membres du jury de prix littéraires depuis le début du siècle. Appartenance qui ne peut que séduire le théoricien de l’école populiste, Léon Lemonnier, fervent défenseur de la tradition du roman historique ou à dimension ethnologique. Sophie de Tréguier répond également aux attentes des animateurs du mouvement par sa construction scénique et par l’usage qui y est fait de l’empathie. Deux grandes thématiques chères à Lemonnier s’y déploient : la vie intérieure, dépeinte par Pollès de manière impressionniste et délicate, et la « mystique des simples », thème à l’expression duquel le cadre du roman est particulièrement propice. Mais le roman se signale également par des singularités, notamment sur le plan du style, qui débordent le cadre de l’esthétique « populiste ». Par certains aspects, Sophie de Tréguier annonce les traits de l’oeuvre à venir, oeuvre dont les voies seront étrangères au naturalisme du premier roman.
Louis Guilloux et le populisme, une longue histoire
Authors: Touret Michèle
Published: April 2014

Avec Le Pain des rêves, Louis Guilloux obtient le Prix du roman populiste en 1942. Cette distinction vient tard pour lui, dont les oeuvres précédentes avaient été pour certaines reconnues comme représentatives d’une littérature venant d’un homme aux origines populaires, depuis La Maison du peuple. Avec Compagnons, il avait espéré obtenir le prix et être ainsi reconnu. Les relations de Guilloux avec le mouvement populiste sont faites à la fois d’attente (reconnaissance officielle et gratifications), mais les promoteurs du mouvement ont des appréciations diverses le concernant, et rejettent son oeuvre majeure — pour nous, maintenant — Le Sang noir. Par ailleurs, le mouvement pour la littérature prolétarienne, affirmé par Poulaille dans le même moment, l’enrôle. Quant à Guilloux, sa position se complique du fait qu’il ne souhaite pas entrer dans un mouvement quelconque : il polémique sourdement sur ce point avec Guéhenno, il débat avec Paulhan au sujet d’une littérature qui forme une image des gens ordinaires, sinon du peuple. Si donc Le Pain des rêves est consacré « roman populiste », et ce, pendant la guerre, s’il a en effet des traits qui permettent de le rapprocher d’une telle littérature, c’est en toute équivoque à l’égard d’une tendance que Guilloux n’appréciait guère et dont il se moque en privé. Le Pain des rêves, reçu comme un pur récit d’une enfance pauvre, faisait en réalité partie d’un projet d’histoire de deux générations dans la vie politique mouvementée du début du XXe siècle.
Récit d’enfance et populisme dans Éducation barbare de Claire Goll
Authors: Bergeron Patrick
Published: April 2014

Cet article propose une relecture d’un roman de Claire Goll (1890-1977), Éducation barbare (1941), à la lumière des idées sur le roman populiste développées par Léon Lemonnier au tournant des années 1930. Nous y montrons que le motif de l’enfant persécuté, fortement inspiré du classique de Jules Renard, Poil de Carotte, permet à Goll de participer à la tradition du roman réaliste français sans tomber dans ce qui passait alors, aux yeux de Lemonnier, pour les excès du naturalisme.
Perception de dirigeants de CRDITED sur l’implantation et la place des technologies
Authors: Lussier-Desrochers Dany , Caouette Martin
Published: April 2014

Depuis quelques années, les technologies de soutien à l’intervention occupent une place grandissante dans les Centres de réadaptation en déficience intellectuelle et en troubles envahissants du développement (CRDITED). Ces technologies ont à la fois des fonctions de suppléance et d’apprentissage. Ces technologies ont toutefois une durée de vie limitée et leur déploiement dans le milieu exige la prise en compte d’un certain nombre de conditions essentielles. L’article présente les résultats d’une recherche réalisée auprès de neuf cadres supérieurs dans des CRDITED. Ces derniers ont décrit la place qu’occupent les technologies dans leurs établissements et les conditions à mettre en place pour assurer une implantation réussie et pérenne de ces dernières. Les propos recueillis illustrent la complexité de la situation de même que les actions concrètes à poser au cours des prochaines années.
PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE PIMENTA PSEUDOCARYOPHYLLUS (GOMES) LANDRUM COM LODO DE ESGOTO	Seedling production of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) Landrum using sewage sludge
Authors: Bergamini Scheer Maurício , Carneiro Charles , Bressan Otávio Augusto , Gomes dos Santos Kaline
Published: April 2014

A necessidade de soluções sustentáveis para as questões ambientais impulsiona o aproveitamento do lodo gerado no tratamento de esgoto. Uma das opções é seu uso como insumo agrícola e florestal. Dessa forma, os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o uso de lodo de esgoto aeróbio compostado com podas de árvores trituradas para a produção de mudas de Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (craveiro-do-mato) com diferentes níveis de fertilização e comparar seu crescimento com o do substrato comercial de casca de Pinus compostada e vermiculita. Três níveis de fertilizante de liberação lenta foram testados (0; 2,7 e 4 g.dm-3) em três tipos de substratos: comercial; composto à base de lodo na proporção 3:1 (v:v); e composto à base de lodo na proporção 2:1 (v:v). Para avaliação foram mensuradas as variáveis: altura e diâmetro. O crescimento proporcionado às mudas com o uso dos compostos de lodo de esgoto foi superior ao substrato comercial em todos os níveis de fertilização, ficando ainda mais evidente se comparado ao nível sem adição de fertilizante. Apesar de os maiores valores obtidos (estatisticamente significativos para altura) terem sido observados com o uso do composto à base de lodo 3:1 com adição de 4 g.dm-3 de fertilizante, os obtidos com o uso do composto 2:1 com 2,7 g.dm-3 de fertilização foram capazes de proporcionar um crescimento 73% superior em diâmetro de colo e 66% superior em altura em relação às mudas produzidas com o substrato comercial com o mesmo nível de fertilização, e ainda, com o uso do substrato 2:1 com a dose de 1,9 g.dm-3, pode-se obter ganhos para a altura de 66 para 72% superiores, resultando em menor consumo de fertilizante mineral e uso de maior proporção de lodo de esgoto.
EFEITO DA TEMPERATURA NO COMPORTAMENTO REOLÓGICO DE NÉCTARES MISTOS DE CAJU, MANGA E ACEROLA	The effect of temperature on rheological behavior of cashew apple, mango and acerola mixed nectars
Authors: Morais Ribeiro da Silva Larissa , Arraes Maia Geraldo , Machado de Sousa Paulo a Henrique , Rodrigues Amorim Afonso Marcos , Da Costa Gonzaga Maria Leônia , Silva do Carmo Jéssica
Published: April 2014

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o comportamento reológico de néctares mistos de caju, manga e acerola nas temperaturas de 8, 15, 25, 35 e 45 °C. Foi utilizado para coleta dos dados experimentais um reômetro rotacional de cilindros concêntricos tipo Searle da Brookfield, modelo R/S plus SST 2000. Os dados foram ajustados ao modelo de Ostwald-de-Waelle. O efeito da temperatura sobre a viscosidade aparente dos néctares foi descrito mediante uma equação análoga à de Arrhenius. As formulações apresentaram comportamento não newtoniano e caráter pseudoplástico, para todas as temperaturas estudadas. Com o aumento da temperatura houve uma tendência a menor ajuste dos dados reológicos ao modelo de Ostwald-de-Waelle. A formulação 1 apresentou redução do índice de consistência com aumento da temperatura, comportamento contrário ao observado para as formulações 2, 4 e 9. As demais formulações apresentaram comportamento não característico.
DORMÊNCIA EM SEMENTES DE ANNONA CACANS WARM. (ANNONACEAE)	Dormancy in seeds of Annona cacans Warm. (Annonaceae)
Authors: Dalanhol Samanta Jaqueline , Mombach Taciara Cristina , Toderke Marlene Livia , Nogueira Alexsandro Vinícius , Bortolini Michele Fernanda
Published: April 2014

Annona cacans W. possui sementes dormentes e, por causa disso, levam muito tempo para germinar, sendo necessário testar metodologias adequadas para a superação da dormência. Objetiva-se neste trabalho determinar a causa da dormência nas sementes de A. cacans e, a partir disso, testar diferentes métodos de superação com giberelinas, nitrato de potássio e estratificação em areia. Após a coleta e beneficiamento dos frutos, as sementes foram submetidas à curva de embebição e aos testes colorimétricos a fim de identificar a causa da dormência. Posteriormente, realizou-se o teste de superação de dormência com diferentes concentrações de giberelina e 0,2% de nitrato de potássio. Para cada tratamento de superação de dormência, as sementes foram dispostas em três diferentes substratos: areia, papel e vermiculita, em BOD a 30 °C e fotoperíodo de 12h. Realizou-se também a estratificação em areia, em ambiente externo e ao abrigo da chuva, com temperatura média de 18,7 °C, na qual se avaliou o crescimento embrionário nas sementes. A curva de embebição indicou que a dormência não é causada pelo impedimento à entrada de água nas sementes e as análises colorimétricas realizadas foram positivas para taninos. No teste de superação de dormência não houve germinação e a estratificação em areia não promoveu o crescimento embrionário. Concluiu-se que a dormência em sementes de A. cacans é caracterizada como morfofisiológica. Então, sugere-se a utilização de tratamentos de superação da dormência fisiológica, causada pelos taninos, anteriormente à estratificação, método utilizado para superar a dormência morfológica (embrião imaturo).
Groundwater – Geothermal preliminary model of the Acque Albule Basin (Rome): future perspectives of geothermal resources exploitation
Authors: La Vigna Francesco , Gnoni Angela
Published: April 2014

This work presents the preliminary results of a groundwater and geothermal model applied to the hydrothermal system of the Tivoli- Guidonia plain, located in the east surroundings of Rome. This area, which is characterized by a thick outcropping travertine deposit, has been an important quarry extraction area since roman age. Today the extraction is in deepening helped by a large dewatering action. By an hydrogeological point of view, the travertine aquifer of the Tivoli- Guidonia Plain, is recharged by lateral discharge in the Lucretili and Cornicolani Mts., and by piping trough important regional faults, located in the basal aquiclude, in the central area of the basin. Piping hydrothermal groundwater is the main contribution on flow in the basin. Preliminary simulations of the groundwater-geothermal model, reproduce quite well the heat and mineralization plumes of groundwater observed in the travertine aquifer.
Noninvasive Quantification of Subtalar Joint Kinematics
Authors: Birch Ivan , Deschamps Kevin
Published: April 2014

A noninvasive method of assessing the motion of the subtalar joint was developed for use in clinical and research settings. Anatomical reference frames for the calcaneus and talus were produced using a marker placement model utilizing 14 markers. An asymptomatic individual was tested during barefoot walking with a CODA MPX30 system. Intertrial variability and motion patterns, in all three planes, of the calcaneus with respect to the talus were analyzed as part of a validation study. The observed patterns in all three planes were found to have good face validity with published literature as well as good consistency during stance. The findings of this study support the further use of this model in both clinical and research settings, allowing investigation of the motion patterns of a larger cohort than has hitherto been possible.