bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downregulating PDPK1 and taking phillyrin as PDPK1-targeting drug protect hepatocytes from alcoholic steatohepatitis by promoting autophagy
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Ding Yuhao , Zhao Huizi , Wang Zhonghao , Zeng Fanle , Qian Zhenzhen , Li Jun , Ma Taotao , Huang Cheng
Published: November 2022

The health risk stemming from drinking alcohol is serious, sometimes even life-threatening. Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is a critical stage leading to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. However, its pathogenesis is still far from clearly understood, and a treatment that is widely recognised as effective has not been discovered. Interestingly, PDPK1,3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, also known as PDK1, was observed to be obviously increased in the ASH model by our researchers. We also investigated the protective role of autophagy in ASH. Here, we studied the function of PDPK1 and found an efficient treatment to alleviate symptoms by targeting PDPK1 in ASH. In our study, PDPK1 affected hepatocyte self-healing by inhibiting autophagy. Both inhibiting PDPK1 and the phosphorylation of PDPK1 (ser241) could protect hepatocytes from suffering heavy alcoholic hepatitis.
COX7A1 enhances the sensitivity of human NSCLC cells to cystine deprivation-induced ferroptosis via regulating mitochondrial metabolism
Authors: Feng Yetong , Xu Jiayi , Shi Mengjiao , Liu Rongrong , Zhao Lei , Chen Xin , Li Miaomiao , Zhao Yaping , Chen Jiahui , Du Wenjing , Liu Pengfei
Published: November 2022

COX7A1, a subunit of cytochrome c oxidase, holds an important position in the super-assembly which integrates into multi-unit heteromeric complexes peripherally in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). Recently, some studies indicated the significant potential of COX7A1 in cancer metabolism and therapy. However, the underlying metabolic process and therapy mechanism remain unclear. In this study, COX7A1-overexpressed cell line was established via lentivirus transduction. The relationship between COX7A1 and ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, was further analyzed in different human non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells respectively. Our results showed that COX7A1 increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to the ferroptosis induced by cysteine deprivation via enhancing the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the activity of complex IV in mitochondrial ETC. Meanwhile, COX7A1 suppressed mitochondrial dynamics as well as mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy through blocking autophagic flux. The autophagy activator, rapamycin, relieved the autophagic blockage and further strengthened the sensitivity to cysteine deprivation-induced ferroptosis of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our data indicate the close association of COX7A1 with cysteine deprivation-induced ferroptosis, and provide a novel insight into the therapy mode against human NSCLC.
Fat mass index as a screening tool for the assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhang Shengkui , Wang Lihua , Yu Miao , Guan Weijun , Yuan Juxiang
Published: November 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is replacing hepatitis B as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in China. The purpose of this study is to select good tools to identify NAFLD from the body composition, anthropometry and related routine clinical parameters. A total of 5076 steelworkers, aged 22–60 years, was included in this study. Body fat mass was measured via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and fat mass index (FMI) was derived. Ultrasonography method was used to detect hepatic steatosis. Random forest classifier and best subset regression were used to select useful parameters or models that can accurately identify NAFLD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to describe and compare the performance of different diagnostic indicators and algorithms including fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) in NAFLD screening. ROC analysis indicated that FMI can be used with high accuracy to identify heavy steatosis as determined by ultrasonography in male workers [area under the curve (AUC) 0.95, 95% CI 0.93–0.98, sensitivity 89.0%, specificity 91.4%]. The ability of single FMI to identify NAFLD is no less than that of combination panels, even better than the combination panel of HSI. The best subset regression model that including FMI, waist circumference, and serum levels of triglyceride and alanine aminotransferase has moderate accuracy in diagnosing overall NAFLD (AUC 0.83). FMI and the NAFLD best subset (BIC) score seem to be good tools to identify NAFLD in Chinese steelworkers.
DINI: data imputation using neural inversion for edge applications
Authors: Tuli Shikhar , Jha Niraj K.
Published: November 2022

The edge computing paradigm has recently drawn significant attention from industry and academia. Due to the advantages in quality-of-service metrics, namely, latency, bandwidth, energy efficiency, privacy, and security, deploying artificial intelligence (AI) models at the network edge has attracted widespread interest. Edge-AI has seen applications in diverse domains that involve large amounts of data. However, poor dataset quality plagues this compute regime owing to numerous data corruption sources, including missing data. As such systems are increasingly being deployed in mission-critical applications, mitigating the effects of corrupted data becomes important. In this work, we propose a strategy based on data imputation using neural inversion, DINI. It trains a surrogate model and runs data imputation in an interleaved fashion. Unlike previous works, DINI is a model-agnostic framework applicable to diverse deep learning architectures. DINI outperforms state-of-the-art methods by at least 10.7% in average imputation error. Applying DINI to mission-critical applications can increase prediction accuracy to up to 99% (F1 score of 0.99), resulting in significant gains compared to baseline methods.
Correction: A preliminary study for the development of cleavable linkers using activatable fluorescent probes targeting leucine aminopeptidase
Authors: Kang Julie , Mun Seul-Ki , Choi Yu-Jin , Kim Jong-Jin , Yee Sung-Tae , Chang Dong-Jo
Published: November 2022

Correction for ‘A preliminary study for the development of cleavable linkers using activatable fluorescent probes targeting leucine aminopeptidase’ by Julie Kang et al., Analyst, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2an01145j.
Development of a quantitative structure–activity relationship model for predicting quantum yield of hydroxyl radical generation from organic compounds
Authors: Liu Yue , Chen Xiaobing , Zhao Jianchen , Jin Wenjie , Zhang Kun , Qu Jiao , Zhang Ya-nan , Chen Guangchao , Peijnenburg Willie J. G. M.
Published: November 2022

Organic compounds are capable of generating hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through their excited triplet states in natural water.
Correction: Tailored point-of-care biosensors for liquid biopsy in the field of oncology
Authors: Singh Sima , Podder Pritam Saha , Russo Matthew J. , Henry Charles , Cinti Stefano
Published: November 2022

Correction for ‘Tailored point-of-care biosensors for liquid biopsy in the field of oncology’ by Sima Singh et al., Lab Chip, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2lc00666a.
Competing single-chain folding and multi-chain aggregation pathways control solution-phase aggregate morphology of organic semiconducting polymers
Authors: Boehm Belinda J. , McNeill Christopher R. , Huang David M.
Published: November 2022

Using computer simulations and theory, we explain the unexpected formation in poor solvents of extended rod-like semiconducting-polymer aggregates, which are correlated with enhanced electron mobility but are not predicted by existing theories.
Copper-catalyzed formal [4 + 1] annulation ofN-propargyl ynamides with diketones
Authors: Xu Hao-Jin , Li Cui-Ting , Chen Can-Ming , Chen Jie , Zhu Xin-Qi , Zhou Bo , Ye Long-Wu
Published: November 2022

An efficient copper-catalyzed formal [4 + 1] annulation ofN-propargyl ynamides with diketones has been developed, allowing practical and atom-economic synthesis of valuable pyrrole-substituted dioxoles in generally moderate to excellent yields.
Very fast transient overvoltage calculation and evaluation for 500‐kV gas insulated substation power substation with double circuit and long gas insulated substation busbar
Authors: Fu Runyu , Wang Jianguo , Wang Jianping , Zhou Mi , Li Cai , Zhao Yating , Fan Yadong
Published: November 2022

The operation of disconnectors in gas insulated substation (GIS) or power plant will produce very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO), which is considered to have serious harm to transformer longitudinal insulation and other high‐voltage equipment insulation. VFTO may also lead to secondary circuit failure. In this paper, the holistic modelling of 500 kV GIS step‐up substation equipment with a double circuit and long GIS busbar in a coastal power plant is established using Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP). The authors calculated the VFTO waveform that may be generated in different operations of the GIS substation. The authors analyze the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the VFTO waveform at lightning arresters and the entrance of transformers and find that the amplitude of VFTO at the entrance of #1 MT is less than its impulse withstand voltage. In some cases, the VFTO waveform at the entrance of #1 MT has high‐frequency content with fast attenuation. The VFTO waveform generated when operating the disconnector close to the arrester will cause the arrester to act many times and count frequently in a short time.
A coordinated control method for static PV model fed pump motor system under rapid irradiation drop
Authors: Dai Jialiang , Ahn Jungho , Lee Ju , Kim Hyunwoo , Won Sunghong
Published: November 2022

Photovoltaic (PV)‐fed motor pump system employs an advanced system that eliminates the need for batteries to reduce maintenance and equipment costs during the day in desert areas. Real‐time adjustment of the motor output speed stops the motor from drawing power from a storage capacitor in the DC link so that sensors and microcontrollers (MCU) do not lose power and restart. This paper proposes an extremum seeking control (ESC) to achieve high accuracy of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm by improving the accuracy of current and voltage measurements. MPPT‐based motor speed vector control rule is proposed. A field‐oriented control (FOC) scheme and sensorless direct torque control (DTC) scheme are introduced for comparison. The control method and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) are tested on the PV simulator and dynamometer experimental test‐rig. The test results show that the sensorless DTC can regulate the motor speed and torque to the desired value without system power failure. In contrast, the speed fluctuation of FOC control is lower than sensorless DTC. However, the system tuning time of DTC is faster and easy to support the whole system operation. The main technical contribution of this study is to provide a coordinated control method to maintain the continuous operation of the entire system during the daytime.
Challenging Cases in Neuro-Oncology
Authors: Lukas Rimas V. , Mrugala Maciej M. , Lesniak Maciej S. , Chandler James P.
Published: November 2022

Neuro-oncology encompasses a broad field focusing on an array of neoplasms, many of which can mimic several diseases. Neurologists will often be involved in the initial diagnostic evaluation and management of these patients. Their insight is central to optimizing the diagnostic yield and providing high-level clinical care. Several neuro-oncologic cases are reviewed with a goal of increasing the understanding of these diseases in a clinically relevant manner and providing updates on the contemporary thinking in the subspecialty.
Factors Influencing the Aggressive Behavior of Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Narrative Review
Authors: Amin Reshma , Talwar Avaneendra
Published: November 2022

During odontogenesis, the dental lamina disintegrates, leaving behind the remnants. Odontogenic pathologies such as cysts and tumors can arise from these remnants. The odontogenic keratocyte (OKC) arises from dental lamina remnants. Among the cysts, the odontogenic keratocyst is the most controversial. There is convincing evidence that inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and expansion of OKCs. Several factors mediate the proliferative capacity of the epithelial lining. The presence of mast cells close to the epithelial lining, cystic pressure build-up by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), and other cytokines contribute to the cystic expansion. Fibroblast activation by inflammation in the connective tissue stroma and changes in the epithelial lining are responsible for the aggressive nature of OKC. The use of molecular methodologies gives more profound insights into the factors influencing the progression of the lesion and helps develop newer treatment modalities for OKC. This review describes the characteristics that determine the aggressive behavior of this unique cyst.
A Case of Adult-Onset Kawasaki Disease in an Adolescent Occurring during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aebi Christoph , Schöbi Nina , Duppenthaler Andrea , Kopp Matthias V. , Glöckler Martin , Agyeman Philipp K. A.
Published: November 2022

We report the occurrence of the adult-onset type of Kawasaki disease (KD) with classic mucocutaneous manifestations of KD, cholestatic liver disease, multiple splenic infarcts, and residual multiple coronary artery dilatations in a previously healthy 14-year-old male adolescent 16 days after having received one dose of the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine. First, the report serves to highlight the diagnostic challenges of adult-onset KD often resulting in therapeutic delay and the frequently reported occurrence of persistent cardiovascular sequelae. Second, the report emphasizes that the temporal association of KD with the administration of a COVID-19 vaccine will likely be a frequent constellation in the near future, raising questions of a causative association. While there is currently no evidence of such an association in persons above 5 years of age, large-scale vaccination of children below 5 years of age will require close surveillance of vaccine-related adverse events.
Alteration in the Cross-sectional Area (CSA) Ratio of the Paraspinal Muscles following Vertebral Insufficiency Fractures
Authors: Shah Ali , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Azzopardi Christine , Haleem Shahnawaz , Mehta Jwalant , Botchu Rajesh
Published: November 2022

Background Vertebral insufficiency fractures in the elderly are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is essential to direct patient-specific rehabilitation.

Aims We hypothesize that in patients with vertebral insufficiency fractures, there is atrophy of the psoas and paraspinal muscles with alteration in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the muscles.

Materials and Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies for 100 consecutive patients, older than 60 years presenting with lower back pain, were included in the study. For each MRI study, the CSA of the psoas and paraspinal muscles (multifidus) at the level of L4/5-disc space was measured to calculate the cross-sectional area ratio (CSAR) by two readers. One reader repeated the measurements after an interval of 2 weeks. We divided the patients (n = 100) into various groups based on the number of vertebral fractures.

Results In total, 77 patients with vertebral body fractures (48 with one, 16 with two and 13 with more than two fractures) were identified with a mean age of 73 (range 60–92) years. The ratio of multifidus CSA to psoas CSA was calculated with mean values of each group (1–4) as 2.56, 1.89, 2.09 and 2.16, respectively. There was statistically significance difference of the CSAR between the cohorts (p-value = 0.0115).

Conclusion Vertebral insufficiency fractures in the elderly are associated not only with atrophy of psoas and the multifidus group of muscles as evident by the CSA values, but they also affect the CSAR depending on the number of fractures. This finding may help to direct targeted patient-specific physiotherapy rehabilitation and interventions to prevent further such fractures.
Activation energy study on nanostructured niobium substituted Mg2Ni intermetallic alloy for hydrogen storage application
Authors: Nivedhitha K S , Venkatesh R , Banapurmath N R
Published: November 2022

The magnesium-based metallic alloys have been exhibited to be the improved hydrogen storage materials. In the present investigation, a nanostructured Mg67Ni33 and Niobium substituted intermetallic compound was prepared by a high-energy ball milling technique for hydrogen storage application. Niobium substitution on the pure crystalline intermetallic compound changed the structure of the crystalline to semi-amorphous as well as changed the interplanar spacing after 30 h of milling. Furthermore, the effect of Nb substitution on the inter-planar shift and its corresponding implications on lattice strain, crystallite size, and unit cell volume of the Mg2Ni compound were also discussed. Transmission electron microscope studies confirm the particle size was reduced to less than 100 nm for 30 h of milling. However, SEM images confirm the agglomeration of these nanoparticles and form spherical particles of size around 3–5 μm. XRD and EDS authenticate the presence of oxides. Kissinger’s analysis confirmed that Mg2Ni powder exhibited lower activation energy of 64.101 kJ mol−1 than niobium-substituted alloy powders. The hydrogen charge and discharge potential of these compounds are discussed in detail.
Dynamics of quantum correlations in two 2-level atoms coupled to thermal reservoirs
Authors: Dahbi Z , Mansour M , El Allati A
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we examine the dynamics of quantum correlations in two noninteractive two-level atoms coupled to two separate identical thermal reservoirs. The two atoms are initially produced in a Gisin state, which is a blend of a maximally entangled two-qubit state and a separable mixed state. Quantum entanglement is measured by logarithmic negativity, while the nonclassical correlations are characterized by trace distance discord and local quantum uncertainty. Using the mean photon number of reservoirs and spontaneous emission rates of atoms as inputs, we explore how these quantum resources behave. Consequently, we demonstrate that the dynamics of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations depend upon the parameters driving the system. Significantly, we further demonstrate that specific parameters may be tweaked to preserve the quantum resources in the system. The results give a full grasp of the quantum features of such a two-level atomic system, showing capabilities to construct quantum technology.
Charged compact objects by e–MGD approach
Authors: Azmat Hina , Tello-Ortiz Francisco , Zubair M , Alvarez A
Published: November 2022

In this work, we analyze the incidence of gravitational decoupling through the extended minimal geometric deformation (e–MGD) approach in the framework of f(R, T) gravity theory, applying it on a spherically symmetric and static charged isotropic matter distribution. Specifically, the well–known Krori–Barua toy model is translated to an anisotropic domain by deforming the complete space–time. To do so, the so–called θ–sector has been solved by using the mimic constraint for the radial pressure and a general equation of state relating the components of the θ

μ
ν
source. A thoroughly study on the main salient features of the output such as density, radial pressure, transverse pressure and anisotropy factor is performed to check the feasibility of the model, in order to determine whether this structure can represent real celestial bodies such as neutron stars. Furthermore, the consequences of e–MGD on some relevant astrophysical parameters, that is, the total mass M, gravitational redshift z and time dilation d
τ around the object are explored. It is found that the maximum mass provided by this toy model is M = 2.506M
⊙, corresponding to the massive neutron stars.
Radio-frequency plasma to clean ITER front-end diagnostic mirrors in geometry of Edge Thomson Scattering system
Authors: Ushakov Andrey , van Veldhoven Jacqueline , Rijnsent Corné , Yatsuka Eiichi , Verlaan Ad , Stephan Ulf , Steinke Olaff , Maniscalco Matthew , Moser Lucas , Bassan Michele , Yokoyama Masahito , van Beekum Erik , Takaki Hatae
Published: November 2022

The ITER Edge Thomson scattering (ETS) system provides electron temperature and density profile measurements in the ITER tokamak. In collection optics, the front-end metallic first and second mirrors are expected to experience contamination with beryllium, tungsten and construction materials. Plasma cleaning based on a low-pressure radiofrequency discharge is expected to sputter contaminants. In the plasma cleaning system, a water-cooled first mirror is combined with a powered electrode. Water cooling was realized as a notch filter for the driving frequency with the electrode grounded for a DC-voltage. To understand plasma cleaning effects, a new test model reproducing the ETS First and the Second mirror geometries in a vacuum chamber was developed. Ion energies and fluxes were measured for 40–50 MHz discharges in argon and helium at 1–10 Pa with and without the notch filter for various power transmission schemes. Powers in plasma were increased to 300–400 W to achieve ion fluxes suitable for cleaning. 40 MHz discharges were used for cleaning as being more stable. In helium at 5 Pa the ion flux of 1.3·1019 ions·m−2 s−1 and the ion energies of 120–140 eV were considered for cleaning. Sputtering rates of metal layers were measured at 4–5 nm h−1 for W/WO3 films. Sputtering rates were non-uniform over the electrode and were lower than 0.5 nm h−1 at the edges. At 40–50 MHz, two independent discharges could be ignited at the First and the Second mirrors in argon and helium, and were maintained with minimum interference. Redeposition rate on the walls was estimated as 1–1.5 nm h−1, mainly consisting of the chamber construction materials. Parasitic discharges were observed at powers above 200 W in plasma and influenced plasma stability at pressures 1–2 Pa. The results are important for a number of ITER optical diagnostics where plasma cleaning of front-end water-cooled diagnostic mirrors shall be used.
Compact and efficient wire grid reflecting polarizersat 121.6 nm
Authors: Zhao Zhuan , Ma Teng , Xiao Jinrui , Xu Zhihao , Zhang Bingzhi , Pan Shusheng
Published: November 2022

In this work, two structures of wire grid reflecting polarizers have been proposed and optimized through simulation at the target wavelength of 121.6 nm (H Lyman-α), which aims to realize compact and efficient polarizers for measuring the magnetic field vector of the solar corona. Both structures are based on a high reflective patterned Al/MgF2 bi-layer on top of an absorbent substrate, and a layer of MgF2 is sandwiched in the Al gaps to prevent it from being oxidized. Two promising solutions were selected, exhibiting a polarization degree of more than 99.99% and a TE-reflectance over 0.3. Their sensitivity to nanowire parameters has been carried out to evaluate manufacturing feasibility. The angular and spectral performance demonstrated that such polarizers have the large potential to significantly contribute to the future far-ultraviolet (FUV) instruments.
Correlation between structures and atomic transport properties of compound forming liquid Cu-In alloys
Authors: Lalnuntluanga C , Lalneihpuii R , Pachuau Zodinpuia , Mishra Raj Kumar
Published: November 2022

The Lebowitz solution of the Percus-Yevick hard-sphere mixture is invoked with the square-well potential function to determine Ashcroft-Langreth type three partial correlation functions in binary Cu-In liquid alloys. These computed partial correlation functions have been employed to generate Bhatia-Thornton fluctuations in the considered melts. Using these structural parameters we investigate the temperature and composition-dependent diffusion coefficients of considered melts. The computed values of concentration-concentration fluctuations,

S

C
C

(
0
)

in the long-wavelength limit, and the Warren-Cowley short-range order parameter,

α
'

show the formation of chemical compounds between unlike atoms in the In-rich region of Cu-In melts. We find a very good agreement between theoretically formulated and computed data of

S

C
C

(
0
)

with the corresponding experimental values. Computed results of

S

C
C

(
0
)

and

α
'

suggest that hetero coordination is favorable over homo coordination in the investigated melts. The validity of the Stokes-Einstein relation was observed over a wide range of temperatures and compositions in the investigated melts. Further, a new correlation between two body pair excess entropy and the Stoke-Einstein relation has been formulated for square-well binary liquid alloys. Surface tension and compressibility as a function of In composition have been computed through microscopic structural functions of the alloys. Computed

S

C
C

(
0
)

,

α
'
,

surface tension and ratio of mutual to intrinsic diffusion (D

m

/D

id
) are found comparable to available simulated data. The computed values of shear viscosity are in good agreement with the experimental data. Calculated results suggest that the combination of hard sphere potential with square-well tail under mean spherical model approximation is one of the good method for determining the structures and transport coefficients of compound forming binary liquid alloys.
Spectral analysis and line strengths of Tm2O3 doped ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF glass under upconversion excitation at a pumping wavelength of 1064 nm
Authors: El-Agmy R M , El-Maaref A A
Published: November 2022

In the visible range at blue 455 nm, 482 nm, and red 670 nm under upconversion pumping at a wavelength of 1064 nm, spectroscopic characteristics, and transition rates in Tm3+ doped 0.53 ZrF4, 0.2 BaF2, 0.04 LaF3, and 0.03 AlF3 and 0.2 NaF (ZBLAN) glass matrix are described. The Judd-Ofelt theory is applied to calculate the contributions from electric and magnetic dipoles to the optical intensity parameters (Ωt), which are found to be as follows: Ω2 = 1.4703 ± 0.0675, Ω4 = 0.7477 ± 0.0536, Ω6 = 0.6202 ± 0.0212. For transitions originating from the 1D2, 1G4, 2F2, 3F3, and 3F4 levels, branching ratios (β), radiative lifetimes (τ
rad in ms units), and transition probabilities (in s−1) have been calculated. Additionally, we evaluated the optical gain at 455 nm, 467 nm, and 670 nm, as well as the absorption/emission cross sections for the three visible transitions. According to the obtained results, the transition at 455 nm (1D2 → 3F4) had the largest emission cross section values compared to transitions at 482 nm (1G4 → 3H6) and 670 nm (3F2 → 3H6). Furthermore, the transition probability.is theoretically calculated for the ultraviolet (UV) range 172–283.8 nm. A good agreement is found between the calculations and the measurements for the visible range.
Explaining the W boson mass anomaly and dark matter with a U(1) dark sector*
Authors: Zhang Kai-Yu , Feng Wan-Zhe
Published: November 2022

The W boson mass recently reported by the CDF collaboration shows a deviation from the standard model prediction with an excess at the

level. We investigate two simple extensions of the standard model with an extra

dark sector. One is the

extension, where the

gauge field mixes with the standard model through gauge kinetic terms. The other is a general

extension of the standard model. Fitting various experimental constraints, we find that the

extension with only kinetic mixing can enhance the W boson mass by 10 MeV at most. The

extension can easily generate a 77 MeV enhancement of the W boson mass and also offer a viable dark matter candidate with a mass ranging from several hundred GeV to TeV, which may be detected by future dark matter direct detection experiments with improved sensitivities.
Locality defeats the curse of dimensionality in convolutional teacher–student scenarios*
Authors: Favero Alessandro , Cagnetta Francesco , Wyart Matthieu
Published: November 2022

Convolutional neural networks perform a local and translationally-invariant treatment of the data: quantifying which of these two aspects is central to their success remains a challenge. We study this problem within a teacher–student framework for kernel regression, using ‘convolutional’ kernels inspired by the neural tangent kernel of simple convolutional architectures of given filter size. Using heuristic methods from physics, we find in the ridgeless case that locality is key in determining the learning curve exponent β (that relates the test error ϵ

t
∼ P
−β
to the size of the training set P), whereas translational invariance is not. In particular, if the filter size of the teacher t is smaller than that of the student s, β is a function of s only and does not depend on the input dimension. We confirm our predictions on β empirically. We conclude by proving, under a natural universality assumption, that performing kernel regression with a ridge that decreases with the size of the training set leads to similar learning curve exponents to those we obtain in the ridgeless case.
On the partition function of the Sp(4) integrable vertex model
Authors: Ribeiro G A P , Klümper A , Pearce P A
Published: November 2022

In this paper we investigate certain fusion relations associated to an integrable vertex model on the square lattice which is invariant under Sp(4) symmetry. We establish a set of functional relations which include a transfer matrix inversion identity. The solution of these relations in the thermodynamic limit allows us to compute the partition function per site of the fundamental Sp(4) representation of the vertex model. As a byproduct we also obtain the partition function per site of a vertex model mixing the four and five dimensional representations of the Sp(4) symmetry.
Reproduction of the spatial brightness on a high-luminance large screen display
Authors: Ishiwata Y , Kage H , Harimoto K , Yoshizawa N
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to verify whether the spatial brightness of the real space can be reproduced using the high-luminance large screen display. Firstly, we conducted the subjective experiment in the real space. Next, the linear scaling images to present on the high-luminance large screen display were made from luminance and chromaticity data measured in the real space. The maximum value presentable by the display was 1,200cd/m2, therefore, luminance above 1,200cd/m2 were blown out. Then, the subjective experiment was conducted using those images displayed on the large screen display. The spatial brightness was memorized and answered by adjusting the luminance inside the reference space, called “adjustment box”, so that the brightness in the box became the same as the one in the real space. From comparing the logarithmic values of the brightness evaluation of the real space and the one of the linear scaling images on the display, we found that the spatial brightness evaluation on the display roughly matched to the one of the real space. It was also suggested that there is a possibility that the effects of windows on the spatial brightness evaluation may be different between the real space and the two-dimensional display.
Strategies for achieving circular economy goals in the lighting industry through design for disassembly-based methodologies
Authors: Hickcox K S , Smith A
Published: November 2022

The significance of circular economy and its integration into core strategies for smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth, is increasingly being recognized by individuals, organisations, and nations in recent times. The term ‘Design for Disassembly’ may conjure up images about the end-of-life of a product or its disposal. However, design for disassembly connects to numerous circularity and sustainability goals over the lifetime of a product or project and can have a large impact on the carbon footprint of the product. ‘Design for Disassembly’ is a product development methodology which is in line with the vision of a circular economy, and supports increase in material efficiency, extends product lifetimes and improves recycling efficiency. Reduction of the imposed environmental risks and impact on the climate, by utilising circularity approaches such as remanufacturing, are tied to lowering of carbon footprint. This paper describes specific and actionable approaches that can be applied by luminaire manufacturers, specifiers, and other players in the lighting industry. The readers will learn about current tools and methodologies that can be used to improve iterative design, as well as measure, assess, and compare products or materials.
Lighting inequality in an urban context: design approach and case studies
Authors: Martinez Luciana , Bordonaro Elettra
Published: November 2022

Over the past years, the focus on public spaces and the need for well-designed outdoor environments has been a key focus for those professions working in the sector. There is increasingly a push for more pedestrian-oriented spaces which support movement and activity and also have an extended use after dark. It is increasingly more apparent, however, where the divide exists between areas that are in well-off areas than those in more deprived areas. This is particularly apparent after dark where the lighting design more often than not, creates the most apparent social divides. Lighting becomes cooler, glare is abound, playgrounds are unlit and any sense of human scale is lost with a blanket lighting, or lack of lighting, approach becoming dominant. These spaces of course are not those featured in magazines, blogs or awards ceremonies. These are the spaces that continuously fly under the radar and hinder a bigger positive change. And although, in some cases, best practice guidelines are followed, the end result does not create inviting spaces after dark. We still regularly encounter pedestrian and residential spaces that are lit primarily with bulkheads or streetlights or where the only play areas are dark at 3pm in winter in Northern Europe. These spaces lack atmosphere and character, the very things pedestrian spaces require. With this in mind, we question how lighting design as a profession can evaluate a successfully lit outdoor space. Is it time to develop a new approach that takes into consideration the everyday user experience, not just the technical successes? And can this approach/methodology better inform best practice guidelines for the future and begin to close the gap of lighting inequality by raising the bar? Through our studio’s work we have been exploring new methods to engage with the public on topics of lighting both in the UK and in Europe. A number of cities and municipalities are also increasingly working towards a more engagement-oriented approach that demonstrates lighting design in easy to understand terms and installations in situ which in turn helps us as designers better design outdoor spaces for the end users by creating a common language and understanding.
Urban lighting: an innovative solution, eco-sustainable and resistant to corrosion
Authors: Deodati A , Petrachi E , Vendramin G , Cosma L , Bene P
Published: November 2022

Salt fog and atmospheric agents are two of the main causes of the corrosion affecting urban lighting luminaires. This research starts right from the study of this phenomenon. After a short analysis of the corrosion process occurring in traditional aluminum lighting bodies, it highlights the advantages of using an eco-sustainable polymeric material to produce highly resistant luminaires, a perfect example of the application of the circular economy model on products. The study focuses on the choice of green materials and low environmental impact production techniques, which lead to the production of efficient and durable urban lighting luminaires. Besides being eco-sustainable and recyclable, these materials make it possible to obtain highly customized designs, which can be molded in any geometric shape thanks to the production technique. Moreover, remote control devices can be fully integrated within the lighting fixtures, so they do not affect products’ aesthetics adversely. In support of this thesis, the research shows examples of installations where the design of these innovative luminaires met both aesthetic and functional needs of Municipalities and it focuses on the benefits deriving from the combination of green materials and LED technology, which guarantees innovative luminaires in the public lighting sector, completely environment-friendly and future-oriented.
Creating an architectural experience in terms of spatial and lighting composition
Authors: Tomková Zuzana
Published: November 2022

The light plays crucial role in forming the architectural experience and my interest is to examine how architects create bridges between the poetic and practical potential of light. A critical discussion about this topic is relevant especially in relation to the perceived lighting environment and role of light in today’s architecture. How was the role of light changing in our society during historical periods? What is the role of light in architecture nowadays? Which architectural experience supports this role and what are the tools to capture it? Different ideas about light, linked to the aesthetic sense of successive historical periods lead to differently configured spaces. Understanding the enjoyment of the experience of spaces in history, but also today and determining its aesthetic value requires attention to details. Architecture can shape our daily experiences in material and detail and together with light form the basis of complete perception. I believe that consistent work with daylight in architecture is a catalyst for change and can significantly help us rediscover the relationship with nature. I believe, that by raising awareness about experiential approaches of working with a daylight will help us to find our way back to nature, origins and rise quality of architectural objects.
Evaluating an integrative lighting design for elderly homes – a mixed methods approach
Authors: Bochnia Anna-Kristin , Ruohonen Senja Maarit , Pajuste Mihkel , Hansen Ellen Kathrine
Published: November 2022

The experience of light in a space and the physiological effect of light combined is complex to study. Methods which combine parameters from the fields of the biological, visual and atmospheric effects of light through a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data collection on site, seem more important than ever to validate the potentials of integrative lighting. A case study, conducted in two elderly homes in Copenhagen and Aarhus, in Denmark, is used to evaluate a mixed methods approach, assessing an integrative lighting design solution. Luminaires with circadian settings are implemented as a supplementary lighting with the aim of supporting various objectives, including biological stimulation and a homely atmosphere in the elderly homes. To evaluate the implementation of the lighting, a convergent mixed methods approach is used, collecting quantitative and qualitative data. In parallel to collecting quantitative measurements, such as melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (mEDI) and photopic lux, semi-structured interviews based on questionnaires and card-sorting, on the same subjects, are carried out. To evaluate the approach for evaluating the implementation of this integrative lighting design, three criteria are introduced: a) integration, b) flexibility and c) validity. The integration of results enabled to compare the different methods and findings to identify and study correlations, differences or contradictions. That was conducted across the three topics: biological, visual, and atmospheric effects of the integrative lighting design solution. A framework for a holistic approach for evaluating lighting in elderly homes was defined, with an indication of the need for further development in an iterative process.
Designing Natural Atmosphere in Office Environment Through Daylight Responsive Dynamic Lighting
Authors: Sigura Verda , Hansen Ellen Kathrine , Clausen Henrik
Published: November 2022

Often the criteria for designing office lighting is to increase efficiency through a bright and evenly distributed lighting. Yet, research has found that this static lighting leads to an unstimulating, boring, and dull luminous environment that supports neither task focus, nor a pleasant atmosphere. The goal of this paper is to create a closer connection to a natural light environment by designing an office lighting that inspired by light as natural phenomenon creates a lively and more nature-based atmosphere. We developed a lighting design with focus on analysing the perceived atmosphere as a metric for a dynamic lighting design for a meeting room of a real estate company in Denmark. Through a mixed method approach, we explore the design factors that determine the desired natural atmosphere. Our design aims at enhancing the function of the meeting room as a formal space where negotiations are held by 1) presenting the identity of the company to the business partners; and 2) supporting employees’ sense of belonging to the company culture. As a result, our lighting design creates a lighting hierarchy in line with the architectural elements of the space, complementing daylight through electric lighting in a dynamic way, accounting for both sky-type and daylight inflow.
Analyzing Natural Lighting Conditions from the Perspective of Biophilic Design in Indoor Office Environments
Authors: Karaman Gulsah Dogan , Avci Ayse Nihan
Published: November 2022

The term “biophilic design” is recognized by some designers who coined a word for designing instinctively using fresh understandings, reasons, and views, which helps reconnect us with the natural world in the indoor environment. Within the various patterns that connect humans with nature, natural lighting provides an orientation to the day and night according to the sun’s location and cycles, which is essential for human health and wellness. The supply and quality of natural lighting, including its influence on mood, have been extensively investigated and written about for many years in various locations and the overlapping science and design disciplines. This paper analyzes the biophilic design approach to mood for the natural lighting conditions that change according to the position of the office environments in winter. The selected two indoor office environments were located in the Faculty of Architecture at Çankaya University on Main Campus, on the second floor of the building. Office-1 overlooked the design studio, preventing it from taking natural lighting directly, and Office-2 directly penetrated the natural lighting. Natural lighting-based photos were taken from the selected offices during three periods of the day. The photos and a survey were directed at the two groups: Group 1 consisted of the students who took the Natural and Artificial Lighting Course, and Group 2 students who did not take this course. The experimental instruments analyzed their moods to evaluate natural lighting conditions.
Shining Light on Colors: Using a Puzzle Game to Teach Additive Color Theory
Authors: Perednytė Dovilė , Flig Katarzyna Ewa , Garðarsson Kristinn Bragi , Rasmussen Malte Elkær , Munk Sara , Čeponis Simonas , Fog Henrik Schønau
Published: November 2022

Game-based learning is rapidly transforming the educational landscape by providing engaging supplementary tools to students around the world. A problem area where game-based learning has not been empirically studied is the subject of additive color theory. Can a puzzle video game increase players’ knowledge of additive color theory? This paper describes how a puzzle game can be designed in order to teach this topic. The puzzle game prototype Temple of Starlight was developed, and an evaluation of its effectiveness at teaching was performed. The evaluation was done online following a within-subjects study design, where the participants answered questions about additive color theory before, immediately after, and a week after playing through the game prototype. Two analyses were performed: first one comparing the amount of correct answers from before playing the game and right after playing; and the second one comparing answers from before playing and a week after playing. Results showed a significant increase in knowledge of additive color theory, both right after (N = 37, p = <.001) and a week after (N = 30, p = <.001) playing through the game prototype. This suggests that the game prototype could be used as valuable supplementary material for teaching additive color theory in learning environments.
Envisioning Community Engagement in Smart Lighting Design
Authors: Schwendinger Leni , Ross Philip R
Published: November 2022

Smart Lighting is widely viewed as a means to reduce energy use, streamline city services and lower maintenance costs of public lighting. These are valid perspectives and useful pursuits, but they leave a blind spot that needs urgent attention: how the application of Smart Lighting technologies could affect and benefit people in public space. Illumination as it is currently deployed is mostly utilitarian. Creative and innovative opportunities are often overlooked. It is critical for designers to reclaim their role in this technological sea-change to combine the operational benefits of Smart Lighting with benefits for people on the ground. Involving the community should in our view be part of this process. Our goal is to unearth techniques and design approaches so that Smart Lighting becomes a flexible tool for community-informed night experiences.
The Moon as a Light Source: New sustainable ways of lighting up cities at night
Authors: Rathsach Camilla Monberg , Hvass Mette
Published: November 2022

In our well-lit cities today, light pollution has become an increasing issue and serious threat of natural darkness and the view to a night sky full of stars. Darkness is not only a natural part of the day- and night-time cycle, but it is a basic need for all living creatures. And as light takes over in our night-time environment, this causes issues for both wildlife, nature, and human health. This project thematizes these issues by introducing new perspective on how to create a balanced relationship between human needs for lighting and natural needs for darkness. Through the case of Anholt island, the darkest place in Denmark, this is done by investigating human perception in low-level lighting and the Moon as a natural light source, that can be incorporated in a lighting design. The result is a dynamic lighting scheme, which incorporates the Moon’s cycle by turning the electrical light ‘on’ and ‘off’ depending on the significance of moonlight. This both in a functional and aesthetical way, which not only protects the darkness but enhances the atmosphere of it, while at the same time supporting human needs for lighting in an urban context.
The response of the Bonn Convention on Migratory Species to light pollution
Authors: Yakushina Yana
Published: November 2022

Light pollution became a major transboundary concern for the environment and biodiversity protection, especially with regard to species migration and spatial orientation. In view of the need for effective nature conservation, the international community has to adapt to the new challenges. The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, or the Bonn Convention, as the main international framework for migratory species protection, has recently taken initial steps towards mitigation of light pollution adverse impacts. In order to understand the response to the new environmental problem at the international level, this article explores and briefly summarizes the response of the Bonn Convention framework on light pollution as a hazardous threat. The article also discusses the potential role of the Convention in the formation of an international regulatory framework on this matter.