bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rigid Sigmoidoscopic Examination, an Investigation Down but Not Out: A 5-Year Single-Center Experience on 9418 Patients
Authors: Nair Sandeep V. , Ramachandran Thazhath Mavali , Geevarghese Prajob Prasad , Kumar N. Sunil , Pakalomattom Shine J
Published: June 2019

Background: Rigid sigmoidoscopy (RS) in the present era of flexible sigmoidoscopies is falling out of favor although it continues to be used in some centers as an outpatient (OP) department procedure. Aims: This study aims to determine the utility of RS for diagnosis of rectosigmoidal pathologies in the OP setting with emphasis on neoplastic lesions. Methods: We retrospectively studied the RS records and histopathology reports (HPRs) of 5 years (July 2013–June 2018) done in the Department of Gastroenterology at Medical College Calicut. Results: During the study period, 9418 RS examinations were done, and a total of 6921 abnormalities were picked up, giving a diagnostic yield of 73.5%. Most common indication was bleeding per rectum (PR) (51%), followed by constipation (29%). The most common lesion found was hemorrhoids 39.8% followed by proctitis 13.7%, neoplasms 9.7%, and others 10.3% while 26.5% studies were normal. HPRs showed 7.7% to be malignant, 5.8% were adenoma, 12.2% were inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis (IBD UC), 2.2% were solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, 1.2% nonspecific colitis, 1.7% nonneoplastic polyps, 2.7% were normal, and 1.4% were inconclusive. Of the 4812 patients with complaints of bleeding PR, 4739 (98.5%) had a diagnosis after RS, of which hemorrhoids (72.7%) was the most common cause followed by proctitis (14.2%), neoplasm (9%), and others (4.1%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of RS in detecting neoplasia was 98.2%, 96.8%, 66.1%, and 99.9%, respectively, when HPR was gold standard. RS was found to be effective for assessing activity in IBD UC. Conclusion: RS is a simple, cheap, and effective tool for diagnosing various rectosigmoid pathologies. RS can be used as an effective screening test for rectosigmoid pathologies, especially neoplasia and IBD UC.
Dysphagia Relieved by Endoscopic Transpapillary Pancreatic Duct Stent Placement!
Authors: Rana Surinder Singh , Sharma Ravi , Ahmed Sobur Uddin , Guleria Sonali , Gupta Rajesh
Published: June 2019

Pancreatic fluid collections are usually peripancreatic in location but can be found at various atypical locations such as the mediastinum. Mediastinal pseudocysts are very rare and are very unusual cause of dysphagia. Here, we report a rare case of mediastinal pseudocyst occuring because of pancreatic duct disruption due to chronic pancreatitis and presenting as dysphagia and successfully treated with endoscopic transpapillary stent placement.
Implications of the index of a fixed point subgroup
Authors: Türkan Erkan Murat
Published: June 2019

Let

G

be a finite group and

A\leq \operatorname{Aut}(G)

. The index

|G\colon C_G(A)|

is called the
index of A in G
and is denoted by Ind

_G(A)

. In this paper, we study the influence of Ind

_G(A)

on the structure of

G

and prove that

[G,{} A]

is solvable in case where

A

is cyclic, Ind

_G(A)

is squarefree and the orders of

G

and

A

are coprime. Moreover, for arbitrary

A\leq \operatorname{Aut}(G)

whose order is coprime to the order of

G

, we show that when

[G,A]

is solvable, the Fitting height of

[G,A]

is bounded above by the number of primes (counted with multiplicities) dividing Ind

_G(A)

and this bound is best possible.
$\mathbb ZR$ and rings of Witt vectors $W_S(R)$
Authors: Deninger Christopher , Mellit Anton
Published: June 2019

Using

\lambda

operations, we give some results on the kernel of the natural map from the monoid algebra

\mathbb ZR

of a commutative ring

R

to the ring of

S

-Witt vectors of

R

. As a byproduct we obtain a very natural interpretation of a power series used by Dwork in his proof of the rationality of zeta functions for varieties over finite fields.
Aerodynamic Assessment of Complex 3D Ice Shape Replications
Authors: Puffing Reinhard , Hassler Wolfgang , Neubauer Thomas , Kozomara David , Ferschitz Hermann
Published: June 2019

This work introduces an approach allowing the detailed replication of ice shapes generated in icing wind tunnels, with a special focus on complex and strongly varying ice structures, e.g., ice feathers or residual ice stemming from incomplete removal of accreted ice by ice protection systems. 3D-scans are used as an input for the manufacturing process of the ice shape replica. The manufacturing approach itself is based on additive techniques using semi-flexible materials. In contrast to existing replication techniques, this approach allows also clean areas between ice-covered surface locations. In the present paper, a quality assessment based on the comparison of the lift coefficients of real and corresponding artificial ice shapes is presented.
Flight in Icing Regulatory Evolution and the Influence on Aircraft Design
Authors: Leopold David
Published: June 2019

Flight in icing for transport category aircraft certification presents a particularly challenging set of considerations to establish adequate safety commensurate with the associated risk while balancing design complexity and efficiency. A review highlighting important aspects of the regulatory evolution and guiding principles for flight in icing certification is presented, including the current standards and recent rulemaking activity. While historical icing certification relied on a simple yet subjective requirement to demonstrate that an aircraft is capable of operating safely within the prescribed icing envelopes, the certification requirements associated with demonstrating an adequate level of safety have progressively evolved into more explicit quantitative performance and qualitative handling qualities standards now scattered throughout the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFRs) Part 25 Subpart B Flight standards which are largely harmonized with other regulatory agencies. Recent rulemaking activity, including the potential branching of the regulatory structure to address modern fly-by-wire aircraft not envisioned at the inception of the original flight standards, have firmly engrained flight in icing certification as a major design consideration with potentially large economic disparities depending on the design approach. A discussion is then presented illustrating how the regulatory standards influence the design space; while some phases of flight can integrate icing considerations into the aircraft design such that there is no perceptible operational effect, other phases of flight may not be able to fully mitigate icing considerations through the basic aircraft design and performance and are therefore susceptible to appreciable operational and associated economic impacts borne by the operator. The focus of this paper is to provide awareness for how the philosophical approach to flight in icing certification has shaped the associated design landscape and highlight the importance of flight in icing certification in the design phase.
A Continuing Investigation of Diurnal and Location Trends in an Ice Crystal Icing Engine Event Database
Authors: Bravin Melissa , Strapp J. Walter
Published: June 2019

Due to ongoing efforts by the aviation industry, much has been learned over the last several years regarding jet engine power loss and compressor damage events caused by the ingestion of high concentrations of ice crystal particles into the core flow path. Boeing has created and maintained a database of such ice crystal icing (ICI) events to aid in analysis and further study of this phenomenon. This article provides a general update on statistics derived from the Boeing event database, and provides more details on specific event clusters of interest. A series of three flight campaigns have, over the past five years, collected in-situ data in deep convective clouds that will be used for the assessment of the new FAA CFR Part 33 ice crystal environmental envelope Appendix D, and the equivalent EASA CS-25 Appendix P. The most recent Boeing engine event study in 2015 focused on oceanic cloud systems that caused events in Southeast Asia, a region expected to have similar cloud properties as the first flight campaign in Darwin, Australia. The current study will examine ICI engine events over South America and Africa, which are caused by large deep convective continental clouds of the type that were not the main focus of the three Appendix D/P flight campaigns. Continental event clouds are compared to the previously studied oceanic event clouds, in order to ascertain whether any systematic differences exist that should be considered when assessing the representativeness of the flight campaign datasets. The results may also be useful to those developing nowcasting algorithms identifying high ice concentration regions using satellite measurements.
Semi-Empirical Modelling of Erosion Phenomena for Ice Crystal Icing Numerical Simulation
Authors: Charton Virgile , Trontin Pierre , Aouizerate Gilles , Villedieu Philippe
Published: June 2019

The aim of this work is to develop a semi-empirical model for erosion phenomena under ice crystal condition, which is one of the major phenomena for ice crystal accretion. Such a model would be able to calculate the erosion rate caused by impinging ice crystals on accreted ice layer.

This model is based on Finnie [1] and Bitter [2] [3] solid/solid collision theory which assumes that metal erosion due to sand impingement is driven by two phenomena: cutting wear and deformation wear. These two phenomena are strongly dependent on the particle density, velocity and shape, as well as on the surface physical properties such as Young modulus, Poisson ratio, surface yield strength and hardness. Moreover, cutting wear is mostly driven by tangential velocity and is more effective for ductile eroded body, whereas deformation wear is driven by normal velocity and is more effective for brittle eroded body. Several researchers based their erosion modelling on these two phenomena such as Hutchings et al. [4] for deformation erosion, or Huang et al. [5] and Arabnejad et al. [6] for cutting and deformation erosion.

The main work of this paper is to develop an erosion model for ice crystal impingement based on these two phenomena, and to show its capability to predict accretion shape by simulating experimental cases from the National Research Council of Canada (NRC). NRC’s Currie et al. ice crystal experiments [7] [8] realized in warm aerodynamic conditions, such as the one encountered in high icing severity areas of a turbofan engine, show accretion severity for a large range of liquid water content to total water content. In order to validate the erosion model based on solid/solid collision, this paper presents the simulation of the lower melting rate experiment. Results show fair agreement with experimental data and allow us to propose pertinent further work.
Facing the Challenges of Supercooled Large Droplet Icing: Results of a Flight Test Based Joint DLR-Embraer Research Project
Authors: Deiler Christoph , Ohme Per , Raab Christian , Mendonca Celso , Silva Daniel
Published: June 2019

Today’s airplanes are well equipped to cope with most common icing conditions. However, some atmospheric conditions consisting of supercooled large droplets (SLD) have been identified as cause of severe accidents over the last decades as existing countermeasures even on modern aircraft are not necessarily effective against SLD-ice. In 2014, the new Appendix O to the certification regulations (FAR Part 25 / CS-25) had been issued to guarantee the safe operation of future airplane when encountering SLD conditions. But as the SLD topic is quite new for the majority of aircraft manufacturers and research institutes in a same way, DLR (German Aerospace Center) and Embraer established a joint research cooperation in 2012 to obtain a better understanding of the distinct influences of SLD-ice shapes on aircraft characteristics and to evaluate proper ways for future airplane certification under App. O. Furthermore, one additional scientific goal of the cooperation was to develop and test new tools for the in-flight monitoring of aircraft characteristics as well as the on-board identification of simulation models. During the 4 years of the project, a distinct way to better understand icing-induced degradations on a specific aircraft was followed: first, data of the clean aircraft was gathered in flight test to identify a dynamic simulation model as base for the subsequent evaluations. Second, data of test flights with artificial App. C ice configurations were analyzed and used for the development of distinct modifications of the base aircraft simulation model; a first evaluation of the icing-induced changes of aircraft characteristics was conducted. Third, after the generation of SLD-ice shapes, wind tunnel testing and flight clearance, a second flight test campaign with these artificial SLD-ice shapes delivered the data for an additional model modification and identification. The results of the final data and model evaluation provide the observable degradation of SLD-ice in flight, which is well comparable to results obtained from the App. C ice configurations.
Warranty Cost Estimation using K-Means Cluster Analysis for Automobile Industry: Technical Note
Authors: Srinivasan R. , Prasanna Devi S. , Manivannan S. , Ethiraj N.
Published: June 2019

When a vehicle under warranty comes for service, the technician identifies the potential fault and the corresponding service is done. From the raw information of customer complaint, the complaint codes are identified and allocation of qualified technician involves considerable man hours and cost per hour for the technician to do the service. Around 1059 vehicles under warranty were studied starting from customer complaint to the study of warranty cost to the manufacturer. In this paper, initially, we present the results of classifying the complaint code master into several classes using K-means cluster analysis and subsequently cluster analysis for a specific component say, water pump assembly was carried out. Then, analysis of cost to the automobile manufacturer on warranty claims are also presented here.
Analysis of Vibration Characteristics of Transport Utility Vehicle by Finite Element Method
Authors: Deulgaonkar Vikas Radhakrishna
Published: June 2019

Present work deals with the design and analysis vibration characteristics for transport utility vehicle. The transport utility vehicle is designed using automotive industry standards. The dynamic behaviour of vehicle depends on the selection of overall dimensions, wheel base, track width, overall height and width that are decided using central motor vehicle rules. The selected dimensions for vertical and horizontal pillar members of the transport bus are modified to enhance the strength, stiffness and stability of the superstructure during travel. This increased stability enhances the ride comfort and passenger safety. Analysing the effect of utilizing manual meshing in complex areas of a transport utility vehicle for vibration analysis and passenger ride comfort has also been carried out. Modal analysis to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of transport utility vehicle model is also carried. Further with the use of finite element analysis deflection vehicle structure is evaluated. The outcomes from the analysis are compared with the behaviour of chassis mounted platform in dynamic conditions and are found in close correlation. The vehicle structure behaves as a single entity in dynamic situations, so surface model is prepared. Element selection for the finite element analysis is carried by considering plane stress condition. Two-dimensional quadrilateral shell elements are extensively used for meshing of the computer model of the vehicle structure. Complex areas in the optimised vehicle structure are meshed using relevant combination of quads and trias. The values of vector sum displacement and frequencies are found to be in good agreement with the experimental ones.
Improvement of Poissonâ€™s Ratio using Carbon Nanotubes Reinforcement for Laminated Sandwich Plate
Authors: Senbagan M. , Sarathkumar R. , Dominic Xavier D. , Seralathan S. , Hariram V.
Published: June 2019

The focus of this study is to improve the material properties like Poisson's ratio and flexural strength of a sandwich plate by adding carbon nanotubes. A comparative analysis is carried out between sandwich plate with and without addition of carbon nanotubes. Nastran / Patran are the main tools used for this analysis. The experimental work focuses on the behaviour of the sandwich plate while applying tensile and compressive loads. The reduction of displacement in orthogonal sides under compressive stress and tensile stress are observed for carbon nanotubes enriched sandwich plate. This is due to increased face sheet relative difference of lateral strain with longitudinal strain. It is also observed that the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes enriched sandwich plate are enhanced in comparison to sandwich plate without carbon nanotubes. It is found that, for feasible applications, the sandwich plate enhanced with carbon nanotubes, possess greater face sheet relative difference of lateral strain with longitudinal strain. It is concluded that the Poissonâ€™s ratio for the sandwich panel enriched with carbon nanotubes is advantageous than sandwich panel without carbon nanotubes.
Analysis of Synchronous Moment for Active Front Steering and a Two Actuated Wheels of Electric Vehicle Based on Dynamic Stability Enhancement
Authors: Mohamed Eid. S. , Khalil Mh.I. , Saad Ahmed A.A.
Published: June 2019

Active Front Steering (AFS) and Direct Yaw moment Controller (DYC) are the vehicle smart systems to improve the vehicle stability and safety. The AFS uses front wheels Steer-By-Wire (SBW) system. DYC uses Rear Independent in Wheel Actuated Electric Vehicles (RIWA-EVs). It generates yaw moment to correct the vehicle state deviations. The proposed controller algorithm consists of two levels. First level feedback controller evaluate the optimal yaw moment generated to achieve the desired vehicle trajectory motion with minimize the yaw rate and side-slip errors. The second level controller is utilized to allocate the required front steer angle and traction/ regeneration to the RIWA embedded in rear wheels by taking into account the tire slip. An optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller is designed, and its controller effectiveness is evaluated under various input driving manoeuvres. The results indicate that the integrated AFS/DYC can significantly stabilize the vehicle motion and highly reduce the driverâ€™s workload. The laboratory experiment of AFS subsystem, for adequate actual front steering angle is measured, in order to apply in vehicle model to predict the responses. The results disclose that the RMS can be an effective route to monitor the vehicle stability.
The Revised Medical School Performance Evaluation: Does It Meet the Needs of Its Readers?
Authors: Brenner Judith M. , Arayssi Thurayya , Conigliaro Rosemarie L. , Friedman Karen
Published: June 2019

Background

The Medical School Performance Evaluation (MSPE) is an important factor for application to residency programs. Many medical schools are incorporating recent recommendations from the Association of American Medical Colleges MSPE Task Force into their letters. To date, there has been no feedback from the graduate medical education community on the impact of this effort.

Objective

We surveyed individuals involved in residency candidate selection for internal medicine programs to understand their perceptions on the new MSPE format.

Methods

A survey was distributed in March and April 2018 using the Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine listserv, which comprises 4220 individuals from 439 residency programs. Responses were analyzed, and themes were extracted from open-ended questions.

Results

A total of 140 individuals, predominantly program directors and associate program directors, from across the United States completed the survey. Most were aware of the existence of the MSPE Task Force. Respondents read a median of 200 to 299 letters each recruitment season. The majority reported observing evidence of adoption of the new format in more than one quarter of all medical schools. Among respondents, nearly half reported the new format made the MSPE more important in decision-making about a candidate. Within the MSPE, respondents recognized the following areas as most influential: academic progress, summary paragraph, graphic representation of class performance, academic history, and overall adjective of performance indicator (rank).

Conclusions

The internal medicine graduate medical education community finds value in many components of the new MSPE format, while recognizing there are further opportunities for improvement.
Mensuração da ociosidade fabril pelos métodos ABC, TDABC e UEP
Authors: Wernke Rodney , Junges Ivone , Zanin Antonio
Published: June 2019

A partir do CPC-16 a contabilidade de custos deu mais atenção aos aspectos relacionados com as capacidades teórica, real e normal de produção, visto que o conhecimento destas é requerido para apurar o custo a ser atribuído aos produtos estocados ou vendidos. Nesse sentido, foi estabelecido como objetivo geral mensurar a ociosidade, de forma comparativa, pelos métodos UEP, ABC e TDABC no contexto de uma pequena empresa. A análise dos dados permitiu os seguintes resultados: alguns valores de custos unitários apurados pelos três métodos resultaram diferentes se apurados pela concepção original destes; nos três métodos é possível identificar a produção ociosa para atribuir-lhe valor monetário e verificar o percentual correspondente sobre a capacidade instalada.
Eliminação da consolidação proporcional: análise da adequação da decisão do IASB
Authors: Sarquis Raquel Wille , Dos Santos Ariovaldo
Published: June 2019

O objetivo é analisar os argumentos dos respondentes que se manifestaram durante o período de audiência pública do Exposure Draft 09 – Joint Arrangements, com o propósito de inferir sobre a adequação da decisão do IASB de eliminar a consolidação proporcional. Utilizando-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo, foram analisadas as 111 cartas enviadas para o IASB. Dessas, 107 se manifestaram sobre a eliminação da consolidação proporcional e 68 afirmaram não concordar com a decisão do IASB, evidenciando um elevado nível de rejeição. Os países com maior taxa de rejeição estão na Europa e os com maior aceitação são da Ásia. Dentre os grupos de interesse com maior rejeição estão as empresas de auditoria e as associações profissionais. Esta pesquisa argumenta que a consolidação proporcional resulta em informações contábeis de maior relevância que o MEP e que a divulgação de informações adicionais não compensará a perda informacional da consolidação proporcional.
A influência do ativo imobilizado no comportamento assimétrico dos custos
Authors: Matiolli Grejo Letícia , Abbas Katia , Rodrigues Camacho Reinaldo , Junqueira Emanuel
Published: June 2019

Esse estudo tem como objetivo investigar a influência do ativo imobilizado no comportamento assimétrico dos custos. Quanto a metodologia, esta pesquisa classificada como um levantamento descrito quantitativo. Na base de dados Economática foram coletadas informações sobre a receita líquida de vendas, custo do produto vendido, despesas administrativas, despesas com vendas e ativo imobilizado de 103 empresas brasileiras distribuídas entre os setores de consumo cíclico, materiais básicos e utilidades públicas entre os anos de 2005 a 2014. Os resultados da assimetria revelam a presença do sticky cost nos três setores. Assim, acredita-se que as empresas que demonstram menor comportamento assimétrico dos custos terão melhores ganhos, podendo concluir que investimentos em ativo imobilizado podem gerar maiores assimetrias nos custos, devido aos seus elementos fixos, o que, a longo prazo, poderá reduzir os ganhos da empresa, devido à maior dificuldade da empresas em se desfazer desses ativos fixos.
O problema da diferença antropológica na fenomenologia de Etienne Bimbenet
Authors: Marangoni Pedro Henrique Santos Decanini , Verissimo Danilo Saretta
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo, apresentamos e discutimos as reflexões realizadas por Etienne Bimbenet (2014) e Maurice Merleau-Ponty (2006) em torno do problema da diferença antropológica, referente à comparação entre os comportamentos humanos e animais. Para estes autores, a ordem humana inaugura uma nova estrutura de comportamentos em relação à ordem vital.  Tanto Merleau-Ponty como Bimbenet entendem que a vida animal e a vida humana são ordens originais que apresentam modos específicos de interação com o ambiente. A experiência animal nos revela uma orientação comportamental ditada por valores funcionais específicos que selecionam os estímulos dotados de um sentido para o organismo. Contudo, os autores reconhecem que a percepção humana é essencialmente distinta desta lógica de funcionamento, visto que a capacidade de desprendimento do próprio ponto de vista em direção a um mundo inter-subjetivo constitui-se como o traço fundamental da experiência humana.
“Ditadura Reservada”: um olhar psicossocial entre as cenas de uma produção audiovisual
Authors: Baptista Lilian Vegini
Published: June 2019

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da investigação do documentário “Ditadura Reservada” que exibe memórias de sujeitos militantes do comunismo em Joinville – SC durante o regime militar, que completou seu cinquentenário em 2014. Elegeu-se objetivo do trabalho buscar possíveis leituras daquilo que o documentário nos mostra, especificamente, sobre o modo como ultrapassa a proposta informativa para a dimensão estética e cinematográfica. A composição metodológica foi pautada nas discussões de Vygotsky acerca da estética e nos princípios do paradigma indiciário de Carlos Ginzburg. A partir da leitura de pistas e sinais encontrados nos detalhes do filme e com o olhar aportado na Psicologia Social, como pesquisadores/espectadores da obra, é que constituiu-se nossa análise. Assim, afirma-se que as minúcias das cenas compõem a dimensão estética da obra, que por sua vez, não se esgota no relato verbal.
Habilitação, reabilitação e inclusão: o que os sujeitos Surdos pensam do trabalho fonoaudiológico?
Authors: Nascimento Vinicius , Moura Maria Cecília de
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho analisa a representação que os sujeitos Surdos possuem do fonoaudiólogo e do trabalho na reabilitação em diferentes abordagens utilizadas por estes profissionais. Foram entrevistados dezesseis sujeitos Surdos por meio de filmagem com câmera digital e suas entrevistas foram traduzidas, transcritas e analisadas posteriormente por meio da proposta de Bardin (1977). Os resultados mostram que o fonoaudiólogo é visto pelos Surdos como aquele que pode possibilitar o acesso à linguagem oral para que eles se comuniquem com ouvintes que não saibam Libras. O corpus também mostra uma mudança política do Surdo frente a fala, visto que, no discurso dos entrevistados, a linguagem oral aparece como uma necessidade para a comunicação com sujeitos ouvintes que não saibam língua de sinais e não mais como uma imposição por parte da família.
Consumo, consumismo e seus aspectos transversais: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Aguiar Débora Cristina Vasconcelos , Nascimento Francisca Denise Silva do
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho consiste em uma revisão de literatura sobre os principais aspectos que compõem e atravessam os fenômenos do consumo e do consumismo, tais como mercadoria, identidade, cidadania, distinção, felicidade, mídia e ideologia. A proposta deste texto é realizar um diálogo entre diversas teorias que versam sobre o consumo, baseado em uma compreensão dialética da realidade. A partir das obras de autores como Bauman, Baudrillard, Bourdieu, Campbell, Canclini, Lipovetsky, Marx, Adorno, Horkheimer, Thompson, Guareschi, entre outros, buscamos compreender as características e interfaces que estruturam as sociedades atuais, também chamadas de sociedade de consumo e, por conseguinte, os modos de vida e sociabilidades produzidos por essas sociedades.
Experiências amorosas, gêneros e sexualidades na juventude contemporânea
Authors: De Souza Leonardo Lemos , De Souza Mezzari Danielly Christina
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho busca investigar como as experiências amorosas são significadas pelas juventudes contemporâneas. Procuraremos discutir o conceito de amor romântico e seus desdobramentos nos relacionamentos amorosos, bem como a diversidade produzida nos diferentes relacionamentos levando em conta principalmente os atravessamentos dos marcadores de gêneros e sexualidades. Apresentaremos os resultados de uma pesquisa em que participaram 174 jovens entre 17 e 29 anos e analisamos os significados produzidos em narrativas sobre com as temáticas do amor e dos relacionamentos amorosos. Procuraremos demonstrar, também, as contribuições dos Estudos Feministas para as discussões sobre o amor e sobre as experiências amorosas.
Redistribuição, reconhecimento e representação: as fortunas do feminismo de Nancy Fraser
Authors: Pamplona Roberta Silveira
Published: June 2019

Resenha
Editorial: Da importância das ciências humanas
Authors: De Oliveira João Manoel
Published: June 2019

Editorial
Geologic and geomorphic controls on rockfall hazard: how well do past rockfalls predict future distributions?
Authors: Borella Josh , Quigley Mark , Krauss Zoe , Lincoln Krystina , Attanayake Januka , Stamp Laura , Lanman Henry , Levine Stephanie , Hampton Sam , Gravley Darren
Published: June 2019

Abstract. To evaluate the geospatial hazard relationships between recent (contemporary) rockfalls and their prehistoric predecessors, we compare the locations, physical characteristics, and lithologies of rockfall boulders deposited during the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence (CES) (n = 185) with those deposited prior to the CES (n = 1093). Population ratios of pre-CES to CES boulders at two study sites vary spatially from 5:1 to 8.5:1. This is interpreted to reflect (i) variations in CES rockfall flux due to intra- and inter-event spatial differences in ground motions (e.g. directionality) and associated variations in source cliff responses, (ii) possible variations in the triggering mechanism(s), frequency, flux, record duration, boulder size distributions, and post-depositional mobilization of pre-CES rockfalls relative to CES rockfalls, and (iii) geological variations in the source cliffs of CES and pre-CES rockfalls. On interfluves, CES boulders traveled approximately 100 to 250 m further downslope than prehistoric (pre-CES) boulders, interpreted to reflect reduced resistance to CES rockfall transport due to preceding anthropogenic hillslope de-vegetation. Volcanic breccia boulders are more dimensionally equant, rounded, larger, and traveled further downslope than coherent lava boulders, illustrating clear geological control on rockfall hazard. In valley bottoms, the furthest-traveled pre-CES boulders are situated further downslope than CES boulders due to (i) remobilization of pre-CES boulders by post-depositional processes such as debris flows, and (ii) reduction of CES boulder velocities and travel distances by collisional impacts with pre-CES boulders. A considered earth-systems approach is required when using preserved distributions of rockfall deposits to predict the severity and extents of future rockfall events.
Photoproduction of nitric oxide in seawater
Authors: Tian Ye , Yang Gui-Peng , Liu Chun-Ying , Li Pei-Feng , Chen Hong-Tao , Bange Hermann W.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Nitric oxide (NO) is a short–lived intermediate of the oceanic nitrogen cycle. However, our knowledge about its production and consumption pathways in oceanic environments is rudimentary. In order to decipher the major factors affecting NO photochemical production, we irradiated artificial seawater samples as well as natural surface seawater samples in laboratory experiments. The seawater samples were collected during a cruise to the western tropical North Pacific Ocean (WTNP) from November 2015 to January 2016. NO photoproduction rates from dissolved nitrite in artificial seawater showed increasing trends with decreasing pH, increasing temperatures and increasing salinity. In contrast, NO photoproduction in from the natural seawater samples from the WTNP did not show any correlations with pH, water temperature and salinity as well as dissolved nitrite concentrations. NO photoproduction rates in the WTNP were significantly larger than the NO air–sea flux densities indicating a further NO loss process in the surface layer.
Identifying agents of change: Simplification of possessive marking in Abui-Malay bilinguals
Authors: Saad George , Klamer Marian , Moro Francesca
Published: June 2019

This paper investigates variation in possessive marking in Abui, a language spoken in a minority bilingual community in eastern Indonesia. Abui youngsters grow up acquiring both Abui (Papuan) and Alor Malay (Austronesian), but only become active speakers of Abui when they reach adolescence. Due to this delay, their Abui is expected to show signs of both imperfect acquisition and contact-induced effects. This language background makes them an interesting population on which to carry out a cross-sectional study on contact-induced variation. Abui distinguishes between a reflexive and non-reflexive possessive marker, while Alor Malay makes no such distinction. Combining methods from descriptive linguistics, bilingualism research, and variationist sociolinguistics, and using both a production and a comprehension task, we study the variation between four age-groups of Abui-Malay bilinguals: (pre-)adolescents, young adults, adults, and elders. Our results reveal that (pre-)adolescent males are the drivers of variation, and generalize the non-reflexive possessive marker to reflexive environments. This suggests that over the next decades the reflexive possessive prefix may be lost in Abui. This paper is a direct answer to a call by Ross (2013) to conduct in-depth variationist studies to establish more synchronically informed approaches to the study of language contact. In addition, by combining production and comprehension studies and applying them to an indigenous minority language, it expands the empirical support for a prominent hypothesis of bilingual processing: the Missing Surface Inflection Hypothesis (Prévost & White 2000b).
Actividad Hipolipemiante de la flor de ayote (Cucurbita moshata)
Authors: Córdova Diana , Soto Claudia , Valle Floridalva , Mejía José Guillermo
Published: June 2019

Resumen

Introducción: Las flores de Cucurbita moschata son utilizadas generalmente para el consumo en ciertos lugares de Latinoamérica. En su totalidad cuenta con amplios usos terapéuticos; por ello se han realizado algunos esfuerzos para validar estos resultados en condiciones controladas. Objetivo: Evaluar la toxicidad y la actividad hipolipemiante de la decocción de la flor de C. moschata en ratones experimentales. Metodología: La sustancia de estudio se administró diariamente por vía oral durante cuatro semanas en tres concentraciones; 1 g/10 mL, 3 g/10 mL y 6g /10 mL, además se utilizó un grupo control. Dos semanas antes se indujeron a una dieta alta en grasa y carbohidratos que se mantuvo durante toda la investigación. Previamente se evaluó la toxicidad oral de 28 días de la concentración más alta. Resultados: La concentración evaluada, no presentó toxicidad en los animales tratados. En la actividad hipolipemiante se mostró una disminución en los niveles de glucosa para todos los tratamientos, mientras que en triglicéridos y colesterol solamente disminuyeron los niveles las concentraciones baja y media. Conclusiones: La decocción evaluada tiene potencial para el tratamiento de las dislipidemias sin producir efectos adversos en ratones de laboratorio.
Análisis de la violencia en las mujeres con un modelo de escenarios de riesgo
Authors: Morán Jonathan
Published: June 2019

Introducción. En El Salvador, la probabilidad de encontrar una mujer víctima de violencia basada en género es de 34 mujeres por cada 100. Objetivo. Construir escenarios de riesgo, y riesgo relativo en la mujer, partiendo de características como los antecedentes de violencia en la niñez y aspectos sociodemográficos que incrementan la probabilidad de que se convierta en víctima de algún tipo de violencia. Metodología. Análisis de los factores que incrementan el riesgo que una mujer sea víctima de algún tipo de violencia mediante un modelo de probabilidades de respuesta cualitativa usando la base de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Violencia contra las Mujeres 2017.  Resultados. En promedio, la probabilidad de que una mujer se convierta en víctima de algún tipo de violencia es del 29.3 por ciento, considerando los valores medios de la densidad poblacional, la edad y el antecedente personal de la mujer. Conclusiones. El antecedente personal de la mujer es determinante ya que el riesgo relativo aumenta si la mujer fue víctima de violencia antes de los 15 años, en ese caso, las posibilidades se triplican respecto al grupo de mujeres sin historial de violencia.
Servicios de salud bucodental en personas usuarias del Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social
Authors: Rodríguez Jossette Arleen , Arévalo Yesenia Guadalupe , Contreras Ana Guadalupe , Peña Lorena
Published: June 2019

La salud bucodental, considerada como un derecho humano fundamental, forma parte integral en la salud general de un individuo. Objetivo. Describir los servicios de salud bucodental del Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social (ISSS) durante el periodo 2010-2014. Metodología. El presente es un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo; se tomó como unidad de análisis el número de consultas registradas por el sistema estadístico de las atenciones odontológicas a personas usuarias. Resultados, se obtuvo que el 75.7 % de las atenciones corresponden a los tratamientos de odontología general; el 24.2 % a los de especialidad. La atención odontológica se concentra en la zona metropolitana, con un 52.3 %. La tendencia de las atenciones odontológicas durante los años en estudio fue en aumento, manteniéndose las atenciones de especialidad. Conclusiones. El Instituto realiza más tratamientos de odontología general que de especialidad. Las atenciones preventivas mostraron una leve tendencia a la disminución. El índice de dientes cariados perdidos obturados (CPOD) fue de 10.4 para la zona central. Este dato es superior al límite establecido de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, que lo ubica en 3.
La integral definida como el área bajo una curva en un entorno computacional
Authors: Granera Rugama Jualia Argentina
Published: June 2019

El presente trabajo constituye un resumen de la tesis doctoral, “Proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje de la integral definida como el área bajo una curva en las asignaturas de Cálculo en las carreras de Ingeniería. Estudio realizado en la Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria, Estelí. (FAREM – Estelí)”. El campo científico en el que está ubicado este estudio es la Didáctica de la Matemática, dentro de las líneas de investigación de la Calidad Educativa. El propósito de la investigación fue desarrollar el campo conceptual del Cálculo y su enseñanza aprendizaje, considerando dos aspectos principales: Un primer aspecto, de ámbito cognitivo mediante el cual se preparó material curricular con el objetivo de introducir previamente al estudio del cálculo de primitivas, el concepto de Integral Definida como área bajo una curva, desde una perspectiva gráfica y numérica. El segundo aspecto, de ámbito afectivo consistió en analizar las actitudes de los estudiantes en torno a confianza, seguridad, motivación, compromiso y uso de la computadora en el trabajo matemático. Los estudiantes fueron seleccionados de los cursantes de la asignatura Cálculo Diferencial e Integral en Ingeniería Ambiental e Ingeniería en Energías Renovables. Se concluye que, la elaboración de un compendio es un instrumento útil en la enseñanza y aprendizaje del Cálculo; y, en relación a las actitudes se tiene que, el uso de la computadora da confianza y seguridad, además de ser motivante y compromete al estudiante en la realización de actividades matemáticas.
Propuesta metodológica para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del Álgebra en primer año de la Universidad
Authors: Blandón Dávila María Elena
Published: June 2019

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general disponer de una propuesta metodológica para el aprendizaje significativo de los contenidos de la unidad de Álgebra como parte de la asignatura de Matemática General. Este estudio se realizó en los primeros años de dos carreras de la FAREM-Estelí, UNAN-Managua, en el período 2016-2017. Inició con una revisión documental sobre el tema de investigación, que permitió realizar la fundamentación teórica del mismo. Posteriormente, se procedió a la aplicación de los instrumentos de recogida de datos siendo estos, observación de clases, encuesta a estudiantes de los grupos involucrados en este proceso, grupo focal a estudiantes seleccionados, entrevistas a personal de dirección y docentes. Estas técnicas de investigación aplicada permitieron recopilar la información que luego fue categorizada y procesada para proceder al análisis de resultados. El aporte práctico de esta tesis es la elaboración de una propuesta metodológica que permita una mejor comprensión de los temas de Álgebra en los estudiantes. De igual manera, esta propuesta podrá ser utilizada por los docentes que imparten la asignatura de Matemática General.
Nuevos ambientes educativos en el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Sociales. Sistematización de una experiencia didáctica en Educación Secundaria en Nicaragua
Authors: Díaz Pérez Adolfo Alejandro
Published: June 2019

En este artículo se presenta una experiencia de innovación educativa que incorpora la docencia y la investigación como acciones paralelas en la labor docente, esto exige al profesorado replantear sus prácticas educativas, generar una nueva ecología del aprendizaje y asumir una práctica profesional reflexiva. El artículo corresponde a la metodología cualitativa en su modalidad de diseño narrativo de tópicos y sistematiza un conjunto de actividades de aprendizajes cuyo objetivo es motivar al profesorado a la creación de nuevos ambientes educativos en los procesos de aprendizaje de las Ciencias Sociales. Se concluye que el profesorado debe extrapolar su práctica profesional del paradigma unilateral de la docencia hacia una concepción tripartita que incorpore la docencia, investigación e innovación –y prontamente el emprendimiento- como una sola práctica pedagógica, y además que debe concebir las aulas de clases como un entramado didáctico que requiere la intervención permanente del profesor-investigado.
Publicidad por Facebook y percepción del cliente, en la tienda Idania’s closet, Estelí Nicaragua. 2018
Authors: Pineda Rodríguez Keyling Mayela , Dicovskiy Riobóo Luis María
Published: June 2019

La red social Facebook se estudió como herramienta gerencial en la tienda de venta de ropa Idania´s Closet, en la ciudad de Estelí, año 2018. Las tiendas de ropa son uno de los sectores de negocios más dinámicos en esta ciudad. Las redes sociales representan una oportunidad de comunicación más fluida con los clientes. En Nicaragua la red social con mayor incidencia es Facebook. Se valoró la estrategia de publicidad que tenía el negocio la cual estaba basada en: impulsar las ventas y generar clientes. Se analizó la percepción de los clientes, quienes valoraron al mensaje publicitario a través de Facebook, como excelente. La publicidad a través de Facebook mostró que un 57 % de los encuestados realizaron de 1 a 3 compras y un 16% más de 4 compras. Para mejorar el uso de Facebook como herramienta de marketing, se proponen estrategias de mejora como: incrementar la penetración de marca, fomentar la participación de seguidores, desarrollar y programar un marketing de contenido, capacitar al administrador de la página, seguimiento del público objetivo, anticipar a la competencia y los riesgos de mercado.
Evaluating Reinforcement Learning State Representations for Adaptive Traffic Signal Control
Authors: Genders Wade , Razavi Saiedeh
Published: June 2019

Reinforcement learning has shown potential for developing effective adaptive traffic signal controllers to reduce traffic congestion and improve mobility. Despite many successful research studies, few of these ideas have been implemented in practice. There remains uncertainty about what the requirements are in terms of data and sensors to actualize reinforcement learning traffic signal control. We seek to understand the data requirements and the performance differences in different state representations for reinforcement learning traffic signal control. We model three state representations, from low to high-resolution, and compare their performance using the asynchronous advantage actor-critic and distributional Qlearning algorithms with neural network function approximation in simulation. Results show that low-resolution state representations (e.g., occupancy and average speed) perform almost identically to high-resolution state representations (e.g., individual vehicle position and speed) using fully connected neural networks, but deep neural networks with high-resolution state representation achieve the best performance. These results indicate implementing reinforcement learning traffic signal controllers in practice can be accomplished with a variety of sensors (e.g., loop detectors, cameras, radar).
Captains and Priestesses in Afro-Brazilian Congado and Candomblé
Authors: Dempsey Genevieve E. V.
Published: June 2019

Afro-Brazilian communities that practice the religious traditions of Congado and Candomblé consider not only the significance of the sacred in their lives but also the importance of female enfranchisement. This article explores how practitioners, known as Congadeiros/as and Candomblecistas, have increasingly shaped and reshaped the roles of men and women in ritual music to reflect a growing consciousness of gender equality. In the broadest sense, this article plumbs the gendered conditions of possibility in Congado and Candomblé to help us more fully comprehend how the multivalent voices of the self and the community emerge from within these strongholds of sacred conviction. This article is valuable because it brings together the social, political, and cultural at the locus of the sonic and the somatic. Furthermore, by exploring how women and men harness music and dance in ritual contexts, it makes legible how modern Congadeiros/as and Candomblecistas strive for goals such as equitable treatment and sensitizes the wider public to the dignity and dimensionality of marginalized communities. As practitioners of Candomblé and Congado continue to illuminate their musical cultures of gender equality, they succeed in amplifying both their visible identities and their voices.

Resumo. As comunidades Afro-Brasileiras que praticam as tradições religiosas do Congado e do Candomblé não consideram apenas o significado do sagrado em suas vidas, mas também a importância da emancipação feminina. Este artigo explora como praticantes, conhecidos como Congadeiros/as e Candomblecistas, těm moldado e remodelado cada vez mais os papéis de homens e mulheres na música ritual para refletir uma consciěncia crescente da igualdade de gěnero. No sentido mais amplo, este artigo examina as condições de possibilidade de gěnero no Congado e no Candomblé para nos ajudar a compreender melhor como as vozes multivalentes do indivíduo e da comunidade emergem dessas bastiões da convicção sagrada. Este artigo é valioso porque reúne aspectos sociais, políticos e culturais no lugar dos sonoros e somáticos. Além disso, ao explorar como as mulheres e os homens aproveitam a música e a dança em contextos rituais, reflete sobre como os modernos Congadeiros/ as e Candomblecistas lutam pelo tratamento equitativo e sensibiliza o público em geral para a dignidade e a dimensão dessas comunidades marginalizadas. Na medida em que os praticantes do Candomblé e do Congado continuam a iluminar a igualdade de gěnero em suas culturas musicais, conseguem ampliar suas identidades visíveis e suas vozes.