bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity and safety of a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate based on multiple attenuation mechanisms
Authors: Suzuki-Okutani Mie , Okamura Shinya , Tanggis  , Sasaki Hitomi , Lee Suni , Yoshida Akiho , Goto Simon , Matsumoto Mai , Yamawaki Mayuko , Miyazaki Toshiaki , Nakagawa Tatsuya , Ikawa Masahito , Kamitani Wataru , Takekawa Shiro , Yamanishi Koichi , Ebina Hirotaka
Published: January 2025

mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were rapidly developed and effective during the pandemic. However, some limitations remain to be resolved, such as the short-lived induced immune response and certain adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new vaccines that address these issues. While live-attenuated vaccines are a highly effective modality, they pose a risk of adverse effects, including virulence reversion. In the current study, we constructed a live-attenuated vaccine candidate, BK2102, combining naturally occurring virulence-attenuating mutations in the
NSP14
,
NSP1
, spike and
ORF7-8
coding regions. Intranasal inoculation with BK2102 induced humoral and cellular immune responses in Syrian hamsters without apparent tissue damage in the lungs, leading to protection against a SARS-CoV-2 D614G and an Omicron BA.5 strains. The neutralizing antibodies induced by BK2102 persisted for up to 364 days, which indicated that they confer long-term protection against infection. Furthermore, we confirmed the safety of BK2102 using transgenic (Tg) mice expressing human ACE2 (hACE2), that are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. BK2102 did not kill the Tg mice, even when virus was administered at a dose of 10
6
plaque-forming units (PFU), while 10
2
PFU of the D614G strain or an attenuated strain lacking the furin cleavage site (FCS) of the spike was sufficient to kill mice. These results suggest that BK2102 is a promising live-vaccine candidate strain that confers long-term protection without significant virulence.
Beyond predefined ligand libraries: a genetic algorithm approach for de novo discovery of catalysts for the Suzuki coupling reactions
Authors: Seumer Julius , Jensen Jan H.
Published: January 2025

This study introduces a novel approach for the de novo design of transition metal catalysts, leveraging the power of genetic algorithms and density functional theory calculations. By focusing on the Suzuki reaction, known for its significance in forming carbon-carbon bonds, we demonstrate the effectiveness of fragment-based and graph-based genetic algorithms in identifying novel ligands for palladium-based catalytic systems. Our research highlights the capability of these algorithms to generate ligands with desired thermodynamic properties, moving beyond the restriction of enumerated chemical libraries. Limitations in the applicability of machine learning models are overcome by calculating thermodynamic properties from first principle. The inclusion of synthetic accessibility scores further refines the search, steering it towards more practically feasible ligands. Through the examination of both palladium and alternative transition metal catalysts like copper and silver, our findings reveal the algorithms’ ability to uncover unique catalyst structures within the target energy range, offering insights into the electronic and steric effects necessary for effective catalysis. This work not only proves the potential of genetic algorithms in the cost-effective and scalable discovery of new catalysts but also sets the stage for future exploration beyond predefined chemical spaces, enhancing the toolkit available for catalyst design.
Exploring the phenotypic and molecular diversity of Calendula officinalis L. cultivars featuring varying flower types
Authors: Nucia Aleksandra , Ociepa Tomasz , Król Beata , Okoń Sylwia
Published: January 2025

Pot marigold is an ornamental plant of great importance in pharmacy and cosmetology. However, there is limited published information on the diversity of the species at both the morphological and genetic levels. This paper aimed to determine the morphological and genetic diversity of selected marigold varieties. The research focused on varieties with different flower colours, and the most important morphological features of flowers and plant height were analysed. Genetic diversity analyses were performed using start codon target (SCoT) markers. The correlation coefficients between the analysed morphological features of the studied marigold varieties showed a significant positive relationship between plant height, the number of inflorescences per plant and inflorescence diameter. Genetic analyses grouped the studied varieties according to the colour of their flowers. The results obtained in our work indicate that, despite the variability observed in morphological features, the gene pool of the analysed marigold varieties is limited. This information can be valuable for marigold breeders, particularly for selecting varieties suitable for crossbreeding in breeding programs. Additionally, it offers insights into the genetic resources of the species and highlights the importance of their bioconservation.
Construction and validation of prognosis and treatment outcome models based on plasma membrane tension characteristics in bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Li Sheng , Zheng Fuchun , Xiong Situ , Zhang Lei , Wan Liangwei , Wang Chen , Liu Xiaoqiang , Deng Jun
Published: January 2025

Background

Plasma membrane tension-related genes (MTRGs) are known to play a crucial role in tumor progression by influencing cell migration and adhesion. However, their specific mechanisms in bladder cancer (BLCA) remain unclear.

Methods

Transcriptomic, clinical and mutation data from BLCA patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Clusters associated with MTRGs were identified by consensus unsupervised cluster analysis. The genes of different clusters were analyzed by GO and KEGG gene enrichment analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from different clusters. Consensus cluster analysis of prognostic DEGs was performed to identify gene subtypes. Patients were then randomly divided into training and validation groups, and MTRG scores were constructed by logistic minimum absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analysis. We assessed changes in clinical outcomes and immune-related factors between different patient groups. The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset for BLCA was collected and analyzed from the Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub (TISCH) database. Biological functions were investigated using a series of experiments including quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), wound healing, transwell, etc.

Results

Our MTRG score is based on eight genes (HTRA1, GOLT1A, DCBLD2, UGT1A1, FOSL1, DSC2, IGFBP3 and TAC3). Higher scores were characterized by lower cancer stem cell (CSC) indices, as well as higher tumor microenvironment (TME) stromal and immune scores, suggesting that high scores were associated with poorer prognosis. In addition, some drugs such as cisplatin, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and docetaxel exhibited lower IC50 values in the high MTRG score group. Functional experiments have demonstrated that downregulation of DCBLD2 affects tumor cell migration, but not proliferation.

Conclusions

Our study sheds light on the prognostic significance of MTRGs within the TME and their correlation with immune infiltration patterns, ultimately impacting patient survival in BLCA. Notably, our findings highlight DCBLD2 as a promising candidate for targeted therapeutic interventions in the clinical management of BLCA.
Soil physical fertility viz-a-viz climate resilient agriculture
Authors: Bhatt Rajan , Garg Ashok Kumar , Rani Alka , Kumar Jitendra , Oliveira Mauro Wagner de , Santos Dalmo de Freitas , Costa Carlos Eduardo Moreira
Published: January 2025

Sustainable agriculture faces numerous challenges, including diminishing soil and water resources, declining soil health, and escalating input costs. This review focuses on advancements in soil physics and their implications for enhancing crop productivity and resource use efficiency. It highlights the critical relationships between soil physical properties and agricultural practices, emphasizing the flow of water, gases, and nutrients within the soil system. Key developments in understanding water infiltration, moisture retention, heat transfer, and gas exchange are discussed, along with their impact on plant growth and yield. Various modeling approaches are explored to address complex soil-water-nutrient interactions, aiming to improve agricultural outcomes. The review identifies significant knowledge gaps, particularly concerning soil microstructure and the integration of soil-plant-atmosphere dynamics. Future research should prioritize the application of innovative technologies, such as remote sensing, machine learning, and advanced imaging techniques, to enhance our understanding of soil processes. By focusing on these areas, sustainable soil management practices can be developed, ensuring optimal resource use while safeguarding environmental health. This review underscores the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to soil physics, aiming to foster sustainable agricultural practices that can adapt to the challenges of modern farming.
O modelo fast fashion e a percepção de sustentabilidade dos consumidores da Geração Z
Authors: Lopes Arilson Ruan Neto , Sobral Eryka Fernanda Miranda , Melo Fagner José Coutinho de , Amorim Bartira Pereira , Guimarães Junior Djalma Silva , Cruz Tatyane Veras de Queiroz Ferreira da
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a percepção de sustentabilidade em relação ao consumo de fast fashion entre diferentes gerações no estado de Pernambuco. Em particular, buscou-se compreender as influências geracionais nas práticas de consumo, comportamento de compra, envolvimento com marcas e adoção de práticas sustentáveis na indústria da moda. Para atender o objetivo proposto, foi conduzida uma pesquisa quantitativa exploratória e descritiva. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário online, aplicado a uma amostra composta por 642 indivíduos residentes no estado de Pernambuco. A abordagem metodológica permitiu uma análise abrangente das percepções dos participantes em relação ao consumo de fast fashion e sua correlação com práticas sustentáveis. Os resultados da investigação revelaram padrões distintos de comportamento de consumo entre as gerações estudadas. Em particular, a Geração Z demonstrou um comportamento mais sustentável, evidenciado por uma dependência negativa em relação ao consumo de fast fashion. Este achado sugere que práticas mais sustentáveis de consumo e compra estão associadas a uma menor propensão a adquirir produtos de fast fashion, destacando a importância de estratégias sustentáveis na indústria da moda, especialmente ao direcionar produtos para diferentes faixas etárias.
Occurrence report of the leaf-spotting bug (Collaria scenica) in canary grass (Phalaris canariensis) cultivation in Ijuí, RS, Brazil
Authors: Magano Deivid Araujo , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Arnold Laura Eduarda , Stibe Gabriel Augusto Schwederke , Sand Arthur Ledermann Van Der , Folleto Eduardo , Zuse Guilherme Hickembick
Published: January 2025

The diversification of crops is a key strategy in sustainable agriculture, helping to reduce reliance on conventional crops and lower pest and disease risks. Recently, canary grass (Phalaris canariensis) has been introduced and adapted to the agricultural landscape in Ijuí, RS, Brazil, providing economic and nutritional benefits. The study was conducted at the UNIJUÍ Experimental Campus, in Ijuí, RS, from September to November 2024, with 12 experimental plots of 21.6 m², where the insect and its damage were identified. Images were captured with a Sony Alpha a6400 camera, featuring a 24.2 MP APS-C sensor and fast autofocus. During the growing season, field observations and collections were made. Insect samples were collected and identified in the laboratory, with Collaria scenica being taxonomically determined, and its characteristics documented to confirm its identification, and the damage caused to the crop. This study reports the first recorded occurrence of Collaria scenica affecting canary grass in this region. Findings highlight the potential challenges these pests pose to canary grass productivity and underline the need for integrated pest management (IPM) strategies tailored to new, diversified crops.
Fused Supernumerary Kidneys with S-shaped Configuration: A Case Series
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Sai Shankar Mankuzhy , Paulraj Jenikar , Remya R , Saha Nillohit , Balaganesan Harshavardhan
Published: January 2025

Supernumerary kidneys are considered as rare congenital renal anomalies (0.04%). Hereby, the authors present a case series comprising of three patients with incidentally discovered supernumerary kidneys on cross-sectional imaging. The first case of 65-year-old male presented with an anterior abdominal mass which turned out to be plexiform neurofibroma and incidentally diagnosed with right supernumerary kidney and type VIII variant of celiac artery. The second 21-year-old male patient came with suspected appendicitis and a supernumerary kidney was found on the left-side. The third case of 45-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and an incidental supernumerary kidney was diagnosed on cross-sectional imaging. Patients were asymptomatic without urinary complaints, were kept under observation, and did not require any treatment regarding supernumerary kidneys. These cases highlight the potential for incidental detection of supernumerary kidneys and the importance of distinguishing them from other renal anomalies/lesions. Regular follow-up is recommended for monitoring potential complications.
Loss of PTEN Immunoexpression in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Narrative Review
Authors: Chandrakar Garima , Bhake Arvind
Published: January 2025

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the important health issues addressed globally. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma for the purpose of prognostic and predictive markers remains in the centre of research. It has been reported in recently published literature that loss of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) expression, a tumour suppressor gene, is one of the key events in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma. This review aims to study the data for loss of PTEN expression in literature. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight studies were finally included in the review. Comparative statistics of various studies showed that loss of PTEN expression is a key molecular event in endometrial carcinoma. The detection of lost PTEN expression could help in knowing the progressive nature of Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia (AEH) and in distinguishing AEH from endometrial carcinoma. This will facilitate the choice of targeted therapy
Evaluation of Various Bee Attractants on the Foraging Behavior of Indian Honey Bee (Apis cerana indica) and their Impact on the Seed Yield of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass]
Authors: Dwarka  , Ghugal S. G. , Thakur Shobharam , Panday Anand Kumar
Published: January 2025

Experiment was done at the PC Unit Sesame and Niger Experimental Farm, College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. The study took place in during Kharif 2022. A total of nine treatments with three replications were arranged for the experiment using Randomized Block Design to check whether there was a result of bee attractants regarding attraction by Apis cerana indica and their effects on seed production of niger crops. The number of Apis cerana indica visits was found the highest at both the 10% and 50% blooming stages at which Madhuca longifolia flower extract 10% and rose water were 10% (16.50 Apis cerana indica/m2/5min), with 17.50 and 12.17 Apis cerana indica/m2/5min, respectively. This was followed by rose water 10% with 16.50 and (sugar solution 50%) 10.08 Apis cerana indica/m2/5min, respectively. The population of Apis cerana indica was received from controlled condition 5.67 and 2.92 Apis cerana indica/m2/5min at 10% and 50% flowering stage, respectively. This was followed by water spray (7.08 and 4.42 Apis cerana indica/m2/5min) at 10% and 50% flowering stage, respectively. The foliar spray of flower extract of Madhuca longifolia, sugar solution 10% and rose water 10% were found significantly superior over others in respect to record higher seed yield and recorded 6.90 q and 6.70 q/ha seed yield, respectively.
Integrating Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Principles into Financial Planning for Sustainable Corporate Growth
Authors: Amole Oluwatomilayo , Emedo Michael
Published: January 2025

Aim: To assess the integration of ESG principles into financial planning to achieve sustainable corporate growth by focusing on recent studies which have proposed various strategies and frameworks.
Study Design: This review covers research work between the period of 2019 and 2024 that discusses how the integration of ESG into financial decision-making and planning foster corporate sustainability and growth.
Methodology: The peer-reviewed articles were systematically sourced from Google Scholar, Scopus, ProQuest, and EconLit. The eligibility criteria for article selection were those that discussed the issues of ESG principles, integration in financial planning, and practical application in fostering sustainable corporate growth.
Results: From the 15 identified studies, the main finding is that the integration of ESG principles leads to improved corporate performance, stakeholder trust and long-term resilience. Most successful approaches adopted relate to embedding ESG metrics into financial reporting, leveraging sustainable investment portfolios, and seeking alignment of corporate goals with global sustainability frameworks. Identified challenges include regulatory gaps, limited ESG data standardization, and different levels of organizational readiness.
Conclusions: The integration of ESG principles into financial planning considerably contributes to sustainable corporate growth, combining it with profitability, social, and environmental responsibility. Further research is required on the standardization of ESG metrics, regulatory challenges, and the role of emerging technologies in improving ESG-based financial strategies.
Norm-Attainable Operators in Operator Ideals: Characterizations, Properties, and Structural Implications
Authors: A.M Wafula , Evans Mogoi N.
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the interplay between norm-attainable operators and operator ideals in the context of Hilbert spaces, providing a comprehensive characterization of their structural and geometric properties. We investigate norm-attainability within common operator classes, including compact operators, Schatten (p)- class, trace-class, and weakly compact operators. Foundational lemmas establish the existence and basic properties of norm-attainable operators, which are extended through propositions detailing their behavior under inclusion in specific operator ideals. Key theorems characterize conditions for norm-attainability, highlighting connections to compactness, spectral properties, and finite-rank approximations. The results elucidate practical implications, such as operator approximations and eigenvalue relationships. These findingshave direct applications in quantum mechanics, signal processing, and numerical analysis, where operator approximations are crucial for efficient computation and system modeling. Furthermore, we outline potential extensions of this work to the more general settings of unbounded operators and Banach spaces, opening avenues for future research and broadening the scope of applicability. This study advances understanding of norm-attainable operators in operator theory, offering new insights into their algebraic and geometric significance within operator ideals.
Floristic Diversity and Seasonal Variation of Herbaceous Species in Taxus contorta Griff. Bearing Stands of Kashmir Himalayas
Authors: Rather Tanveer Ahmad , Mughal A.H. , Gangoo S.A. , Qaisar K.N. , Mugloo J.A. , Geelani S.N.
Published: January 2025

The study was conducted in the Kashmir himalayan region during the year 2022 to assess the plant diversity, the species associated with Taxus contorta, aspect and seasonal variation of herbaceous species in Taxus bearing sites of the Kashmir Himalayas. A total of 9 sites were selected across the Kashmir Himalayas Viz., S1-Pahalgam (Northwest), S2-Vastoorwan (Southeast), S3-Daksum (Northeast), S4-Naranag (Northeast), S5-Ganidobh (Southwest), S6-Gund (Northeast), S7-Tangmarg (Northwest), S8-Lolab (Southeast) and S9-Gulmarg (Northwest). The purposive sampling method was employed and three quadrants of size 1m×1m were laid at each site. A total of 57 herbs species belonging to 23 families were reported with Poaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiaceae, being dominant families recorded 12, 07 and 05 herb species respectively from study sites. Herb density peaked in summer at Ganidobh (S5) on the southwest aspect and was lowest in autumn at Daksum (S3) on the northeast aspect. The herbaceous density followed the trend in decending order Ganidobh > Lolab > Vastoorwan > Tangmarg > Gulmarg > Pahalgam > Gund > Naranag > Daksum. Phytolacca acinosa showed the highest IVI in spring season at S3 (23.34) and S2 (22.13) and the lowest IVI values were recorded for Polygonum heterophyllum (3.39) at S6 and Viola odorata at S9 (3.08). During the summer season, Phytolacca acinosa maintained dominance with an IVI of 27.52 at S3, while Plantago lanceolata (20.63) at S3, Cannabis sativa had notable values at S6 (19.58) and S4 (19.13). The lowest values were observed for Thymus linearis (3.57) at S9 and Myosotis arvensis (3.20) at S2. Similarly, in the autumn season, Phytolacca acinosa again recorded the highest IVI (28.34) at S3. The lowest IVI values included Daucus carota (2.21) at S2 and Festuca rubra (2.94) at S6. The IVI of herb species depends upon the density, basal area and frequency at the site. Phytolacca acinosa emerged as the dominant species exhibited the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) during spring (23.34), summer (27.52) and autumn (28.34) at Daksum (S3). Cannabis sativa dominated at Gund across all seasons, while Plantago lanceolata dominated at Gulmarg.
Yield Variability in Response to Planting Dates and Weather Conditions for Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) at Kerala’s High Ranges (Wayanad), India
Authors: V. C. Ajaykumar. , P. Shajeesh Jan , Ajithkumar B. , M. T. Chitra , P. M. Zahida
Published: January 2025

The modern cultivated strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is a highly valuable crop, known for its quick return on investment and adaptability to varying climates. This study examines how different planting dates and weather conditions effect the yield of the Winter Dawn cultivar in high-altitude regions of Kerala, India. The field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station in Wayanad, located in Kerala's high range zone. A randomized block design was used, featuring five distinct planting dates. The crop yield was analyzed to weather conditions during each phenophase using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The results showed significant variations in strawberry yield related to fluctuations in temperature and photoperiod. Specifically, higher maximum and minimum temperatures during later growth stages had a negative impact on yield. Additionally, there were negative correlations between minimum temperature and rainfall with fruit yield during critical phenophases. Other factors, such as humidity, bright sunshine hours, and wind speed, exhibited varying relationships with yield. The study concluded that planting on September 30th resulted in the highest yield, with favorable weather conditions enhancing both vegetative growth and fruit development. Gaining insights into the relationship between weather parameters and strawberry phenophases can significantly improve strawberry cultivation practices in Kerala's climate.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 1 and 2 Co-infection among Female Sex Workers and Female Non-sex Workers and its Associated Risk Factors in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Salinsile Sajanat Olubusola , Akomolafe Olalekan Olumide , Badmus Oyebola Idayat , Opaleye Oluyinka Oladele
Published: January 2025

This study examines the seroprevalence and co-infection rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among female female sex workers (FSWs) and the general female population in Osun State, Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional design, 182 female participants—91 FSWs and 91 non-FSWs—were randomly selected and tested for HBV, HCV, and HIV markers. Results indicated a significantly higher prevalence of HIV among FSWs (15.4%) compared to non-FSWs (4.4%), while HBV prevalence was similar in both groups (8.8% for FSWs and 7.7% for non-FSWs). No cases of HCV were identified, possibly reflecting low prevalence in this region. Notably, higher awareness and preventive behaviors among both FSWs and non-FSWs regarding STIs, with over 80% reporting knowledge of STIs, previous testing, and awareness of blood transmission. However, HBV vaccination rates are lower, particularly among FSWs (55%). The study emphasizes the need for focused public health initiatives, such as regular screening, education on HIV and HBV prevention, and easily accessible healthcare resources, to reduce the risk of infection among high-risk populations, such as FSWs, as well as more general public awareness campaigns.
Impact of Bio-fertilizers and Inorganic Manures on Flower Yield Attributes of China Aster (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees) cv. Kamini
Authors: Pandey Nileema , Singh Jitendra , Sahu Akhileshwar
Published: January 2025

The impact of bio-fertilizers and inorganic manures on China aster was studied during 2019-2020 at Horticultural Research Farm, Department of floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G) in Rabi period. The China aster has become one of the most popular garden flowers. Among the colours present in all of the many variations are pure white, purple, dark blue, numerous shades of pink, pastel blue, and red.Treatments comprised of 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended dose in combination with bio-fertilizers Azotobacter, Vermicompost, PSB and FYM proved to be the most effective in increasing the weight of individual flower (g), flower yield per plant (g), flower yield per plot (kg) and flower yield per hectare (q). Flower yield per plant recorded significant variations among the different treatments, the maximum flower yield (39.36g) per plant was obtained in treatment T9 (75%RDF +25% Vermicompost +PSB + Azotobacter) which exhibited similar result with the treatment T8 (75% RDF + 25% FYM + PSB +Azotobacter).
Effect of Physical and Chemical Extraction Methods on Yield of Chayote (Sechium edule) Tuber Starch
Authors: Panchal Purnima M. , Singh B. K.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the effect of physical and chemical extraction methods on the yield of starch from chayote (Sechium edule) tubers. Fresh chayote tubers were subjected to physical (water-based) and chemical (NaOH and Na₂S₂O₅) extraction methods. The yield of starch was calculated and statistically analyzed using ANOVA. Results revealed that the physical method produced the highest yield (21.62%), comparable to yields from chemical methods using Na₂S₂O₅ (0.01%) and NaOH (0.5%). The findings suggest that the extraction method significantly influences starch yield, with moderate concentrations of NaOH and Na₂S₂O₅ being effective for optimizing yield.
Zoneamento Agrícola da Cana-de-Açúcar em Cenários de Mudanças Climáticas
Authors: Torsoni Guilherme Botega , Aparecido Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira , Moreira Viviane Lima Catelan , Lorençone João Antônio
Published: January 2025

A cultura da cana-de-açúcar, essencial para a economia do Mato Grosso do Sul, enfrenta desafios significativos devido a fatores climáticos como radiação solar, temperatura do ar, precipitação e evapotranspiração potencial. Para compreender e mitigar essas vulnerabilidades, utiliza-se o Zoneamento de Risco Climático, avaliando cenários futuros baseados no CMIP6. Os estudos indicam um aumento na temperatura média anual, variando de 4,0% no cenário mais otimista a 28,4% no mais pessimista até 2100, além de um impacto negativo no déficit hídrico, tornando o estado mais árido. Projeções apontam para uma redução drástica nas áreas apropriadas para o cultivo, com até 83,28% até 2060 e possibilidade de inviabilidade até o final do século. Diante desses desafios, enfatiza-se a necessidade de adotar práticas agrícolas adaptativas e sustentáveis para garantir a viabilidade futura da produção de cana-de-açúcar na região.
Bolsa de Produtividade em Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Extensão Inovadora do CNPq: uma análise da Chamada n. 04/2023
Authors: Andrade Rafael Leite P. de
Published: January 2025

O artigo traz uma análise da Chamada CNPq n. 04/2023, cujo objetivo foi conceder bolsas do CNPq na modalidade Produtividade em Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Extensão Inovadora (DT). Além do próprio texto da chamada, foram analisados diversos parâmetros relacionados aos proponentes e aos contemplados. Identificou-se a ausência da obrigatoriedade da busca de anterioridade no modelo de proposta e a indicação de critérios que permitiam que o Comitê de Assessoramento pudesse adotar um viés “acadêmico” em suas avaliações. Foram aprovadas 294 propostas, 18,6% da demanda. Apenas 2% dos proponentes eram vinculados a empresas privadas e nenhum foi contemplado. Tecnologias de Produção Industrial e de Serviços foi a área temática com o maior número de propostas aprovadas, 46, enquanto a área de Biotecnologia teve apenas 14 propostas aprovadas. Em relação às instituições participantes, pode-se afirmar que a distribuição das bolsas entre as instituições ocorreu de forma bastante homogênea, considerando que 41% das instituições tiveram pelo menos um pesquisador contemplado.
Transferência de Tecnologia: um estudo nos Institutos Federais da Região Norte do Brasil
Authors: Munaretti Gabriela Cunha de Oliveira , Sá Júnior Edigar Mendes de , Dantas Ubiracy da Silva , Soliani Rodrigo Duarte
Published: January 2025

O desenvolvimento tecnológico e econômico depende das inovações, essenciais na proteção dos direitos de propriedade industrial e na geração de benefícios sociais e econômicos. Os Institutos Federais (IFs) desempenham um papel vital na promoção da Transferência de Tecnologia (TT), capacitando indivíduos, estimulando a inovação e fortalecendo a competitividade empresarial. Este estudo investigou a TT nos sete IFs da Região Norte do Brasil, identificando oportunidades para preencher lacunas de pesquisa na Amazônia. A metodologia empregou pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de resoluções, revelando diversas estratégias nas políticas de TT dos IFs. Embora haja centralização nos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica (NITs), surgem divergências quanto à exclusividade na TT. Destaca-se a sensibilidade do IFPA e do IFAC às questões ambientais e sociais, juntamente com práticas para fomentar o empreendedorismo e a integração com outras políticas públicas. As perspectivas futuras envolvem estimular o empreendedorismo, integrar comunidades tradicionais e alinhar-se com políticas públicas para impulsionar o desenvolvimento tecnológico na região.
Bioprospecção de Cristais Semicondutores Bioativos de Interesse Tecnológico
Authors: Gonçalves Odete , Gonçalves Cristiane Carla , Sousa Fúlvia Soares Campos de , Miguel Izamir Resende Junior Borges
Published: January 2025

No mundo contemporâneo, as atividades cotidianas têm exigido maior agilidade na comunicação. No que se refere à troca de informações e ao maior desenvolvimento na indústria de eletrônicos, nessa direção, destacam-se os semicondutores no avanço biotecnológico. Para a viabilização comercial dos cristais semicondutores, obtidos por meio da patente PI 1105934-6 e aceito no Centelha II, foi realizado um estudo de prospecção tecnológica com as palavras-chave “Semicondutores, Fungos e Eletrônico”, no banco de dados da Web of Science – Espacenet, por códigos indexados na Classificação Internacional de Patentes (CIP). A avalição minuciosa dos trabalhos relacionados à temática deste estudo evidenciou um cenário promissor para a aplicação de semicondutores nas indústrias de eletrônicos e de instrumentos biotecnológicos, o que, por sua vez, impulsiona o desenvolvimento econômico dos países que investem nas pesquisas relacionadas a essa tecnologia.
Mapeamento do Ecossistema de Empreendedorismo e Inovação de Botucatu, SP: caracterização e desafios
Authors: Carvalho Silvia Angélica Domingues de , Simões Pietra Santos , Silva Safira Pataro Sampaio da
Published: January 2025

Este artigo teve como objetivo compreender a estrutura do Ecossistema de Empreendedorismo e Inovação de Botucatu, SP, realizar um diagnóstico dos atores presentes e identificar suas potencialidades, assim como as lacunas e os seus desafios, oferecendo subsídios para o planejamento de ações que viabilizem seu desenvolvimento e crescimento. Para a análise, foram utilizados os dados de duas edições do Mapeamento do Ecossistema de Empreendedorismo e Inovação de Botucatu, SP. Os resultados ressaltaram a importância da relação universidade-empresa-governo na estruturação e no fortalecimento desse ecossistema e apontaram um aumento no número de atores mapeados, de 78, em 2022, para 97, em 2023, destacando a sua diversidade, a presença de startups em vários estágios de maturidade atuando, principalmente no agronegócio e na biotecnologia. Contudo, estão ausentes instituições financiadoras das inovações, especialmente, o capital de risco. Apesar dos pontos positivos elencados, o mapeamento ainda não é totalmente representativo da realidade local, por isso, ampliá-lo é um grande desafio. Há muito mais a medir. Quanto mais abrangente for, maiores serão os subsídios para discutir políticas públicas no apoio ao desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico local, no apoio aos empreendimentos de base tecnológica, na atração de grupos de investidores e no desenvolvimento econômico regional.
Tecnologia e Inovação na Mobilidade Aérea Urbana: uma análise a partir das patentes
Authors: Belo Junior Joel Eloi , Santos Gabriela Defant dos , Frey Irineu Afonso , Sass Liz Beatriz
Published: January 2025

Este artigo teve como objetivo examinar a evolução da Mobilidade Aérea Urbana (UAM), com foco no desenvolvimento e na proteção das tecnologias ligadas ao controle de tráfego e da segurança aeronáutica. A metodologia utilizada foi a de revisão de patentes e de literatura correlata, em que se destacou o aumento expressivo dos depósitos de patentes, indicando um cenário de contínuo investimento e engajamento na inovação do setor. A liderança em conhecimento e tecnologias é observada especialmente na Coreia do Sul e nos Estados Unidos, onde se concentram os principais centros de pesquisa e inovação. Além disso, ressalta-se a crescente preocupação ambiental e a busca por soluções sustentáveis na mobilidade aérea urbana, refletida na ênfase em veículos eco-friendly e práticas de transporte que visam a equilibrar o progresso tecnológico com a preservação ambiental. Essas análises apontam para uma perspectiva futura de sistemas de transporte aéreo urbanos mais eficientes, seguros e ecologicamente responsáveis.
Evaluation Of The Proximate Composition, Amino Acid Profile And The Level Of Anti-Nutritional Factors Of Raw And Differently Processed Senna Obtusifolia Seed Meal.
Authors: M.A Dilala
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to determined the chemical composition of raw and differently processed Senna
obtusifolia seed meal (SOSM). The seed were divided into four. Portions. The first portion was raw SOSM; second
portion was boiled SOSM; third portion was toasted SOSM and the fourth batch was fermented SOSM. The
differently processed seeds were properly sun-dried, milled and analyzed in triplicates for their proximate
composition, amino acid profile and levels of anti-nutritional factors using standard laboratory procedures. The
chemical composition of the processed SOSM was significantly (P<0.05) affected by the different processing
methods. The lowest protein content, amino acid profile, and the levels of antinutritional factors were recorded
in the SOSM. The toasted and the fermented SOSM however indicated the highest protein contents of 17.25 and
17.15%. The different processing methods were observed to reduce the levels of the anti-nutritional factors.
However, the fermented SOSM indicated the lowest tannins (0.66 mg/100 g), alkaloids (0.63 mg/100 g) phytates
(0.37 mg/100 g), oxalates (0.46 mg/100 g) and saponins (0.41 mg/100 g). In conclusion, the different processing
methods were effective in reducing the levels of the anti-nutritional factors but boiling and fermentation was
observed to be more effective in enhancing the nutritional qualities of the seeds and it is therefore, recommended
for feeding livestock Animal SOSM.
Background
The scarcity and high cost of conventional ingredients are major factors limiting the growth of the poultry industry
globally. This has driven research into alternative ingredients for poultry feeding. Senna obtusifolia or cassia, a
widely distributed shrub, is invasive in many regions of the world. The seeds and leaves of the plant are moderate
protein sources with the protein having an acceptable amino acid profile, especially essential amino acids. This
nutritional profile of Senna obtusifolia products (seeds and leaves), coupled with their availability make them
potential protein supplements for poultry feeding; however, the presence of several antinutritional factors (ANFs)
(Oxalate, phytate, saponins, tannins and haemagglutinins) hinders their fullest use in the diet. In recent years, there has been increasing research interest into processing techniques to reduce the ANFs content and make these products safe for poultry feeding
Screening Of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria In Bovine Infectious Mastitis Isolates
Authors: Santos Eliane Macedo Sobrinho , Souza Cintya Neves De , Damascena Ellem Cristina Gomes , Souto Adriana Fróes Do Nascimento , Almeida Anna Christina De
Published: January 2025

Background: Antibiotic resistance has negative implications for treating infections in humans and animals. Rapid
identification of the pathogen causing the disease is one of the determining factors for effective treatment. This
study aimed to use MALDI-TOF MS to investigate multidrug-resistant bacterial strains in bacterial isolates from
infectious bovine mastitis.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-four milk samples from cows with subclinical mastitis were sown on sheep blood
agar, and the bacterial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The disk diffusion test verified susceptibility
to antimicrobials.
Results: The largest number of isolates were resistant to OXA (69%), followed by CFO (52%), AMP (48%), PEN
(44%) and AMO (41%). The lowest number of resistant strains was observed against the antibiotic VAN. Although
less significant, some bacterial strains were resistant to carbapenems. All the multidrug-resistant strains were
identified on the MALDI-TOF MS system, including Staphylococcus aureus and non-aureus, Enterobacter
asburiae, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterococcus faecalis. The species Staphylococcus aureus was detected most
frequently. Conclusion: The detection of bacteria resistant to two or more antibiotics usually used to treat bovine mastitis indicates the need to look for alternative treatments to control this disease.
The Arrow Of Time In Quantum Measurement
Authors: Xinzhong Wu
Published: January 2025

The irreversible process of ‘wave packet collapse’ in quantum measurement contradicts the reversible
characteristics of the Schrödinger equation and the entire quantum mechanics. This contradiction is actually
the origin of measurement problems in quantum mechanics. How to resolve this contradiction is related to the
understanding of some philosophical concepts. The Copenhagen School embraces the reversible/irreversible
contradictions in quantum measurement through the principle of complementarity. Both von Neumann's
measurement hypothesis and Everett's many world explanation adhere to the ‘universal position of the
Schrödinger equation’, but due to their detachment from the thermodynamic mechanism analysis of quantum
measurement processes, they fall into the dilemma of subjectivism or possible state materialization in ontology.
Decoherence theory is a natural extension of dissipative structure theory in quantum mechanics, which helps to
solve quantum measurement problems by combining the study of classical conversion mechanisms between
reversibility and irreversibility in statistical mechanics. Due to the common statistical roots of the time arrow
problem in classical mechanics and quantum mechanics, decoherence theory cannot be seen as a measurement theory that fully implements the ‘universal Schrödinger position’. Many contradictions in quantum mechanics may need to be cleverly resolved through various contradictions in classical physics.
The Dynamics Of Workforce Diversity: Implications For Employee Performance
Authors: Kharat Kiran S. , Goje Sarthak , Mundhe Dr Shivaji
Published: January 2025

Diversity in the workplace ought to be regarded as a commercial opportunity rather than a moral imperative.
Contemporary organizations take pride in possessing a diversified workforce. Recent study has been undertaken
to assess the influence of workforce diversity on employee performance. Four criteria were identified for
examination. This research, involving a sample of 195 employees within the manufacturing sector, examined
diversity concerning age, gender, education, and geographic region. The study employed both descriptive and
exploratory research methodologies. The results underscore the need of accounting for numerous aspects in comprehending and enhancing employee performance within firms. Gender diversity is a crucial element that deserves focus in efforts to improve performance outcomes
Indicações Geográficas Registradas No Estado De Rondônia: Valorização Dos Produtos Locais E O Desenvolvimento Regional Em Rondônia.
Authors: Vieira Ana Cristina Nascimento , Souza Alecsandra Oliveira De
Published: January 2025

O artigo aborda a importância do registro de Indicações Geográficas (IGs) em Rondônia. O reconhecimento
reforça a visibilidade e a valorização desses produtos, o Café Robusta Amazônico (DO), o Tambaqui do Vale
do Jamari (IP) e o Cacau em Amêndoas (IP). É um estado rico em diversidade cultural e recurso natural, e têm
um potencial estratégico significativo para impulsionar o desenvolvimento econômico e social, e melhorar a
qualidade de vida das comunidades locais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a valorização dos produtos e o
desenvolvimento local. Nos procedimentos metodológicos, o presente trabalho se classifica como bibliográfico
e estudo de caso. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas pesquisas na plataforma do INPI, dados de
empresas que fomentam o desenvolvimento econômico no estado, como SEBRAE, EMATER, SENAR e outros.
Como resultados, foi possível identificar a importância da IG como um dos fatores que contribuíram para o fortalecimento do desenvolvimento econômico, sustentável e social.
How Do Minimum Wage Laws Impact Employment Levels In Different Industries?
Authors: Modi Meenakshi
Published: January 2025

.
A National Analysis of Ophthalmic Features and Mortality in Abusive Head Trauma
Authors: Shah Yesha S. , Iftikhar Mustafa , Justin Grant A. , Canner Joseph K. , Woreta Fasika A.
Published: January 2022

Importance

It is important to recognize presenting features and factors associated with mortality in abusive head trauma (AHT) owing to the severity of the diagnosis and the necessity for prompt action.

Objective

To describe the prevalence and economic burden of AHT and identify factors associated with mortality.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective, cross-sectional study used the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database to identify all emergency department visits in the US for patients younger than 5 years with a primary diagnosis of abusive head trauma between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2018. This study was conducted in 2021.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Prevalence, demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, mortality, and economic burden associated with AHT. Weighted national estimates were calculated using sampling weights provided in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database.

Results

From 2006 to 2018, there were an estimated 12 287 cases of emergency department visits in the US for patients younger than 5 years with a primary diagnosis of AHT. The estimated number of AHT cases decreased by 672 (95% CI, 403-940; P < .001) from 2006 to 2018. The incidence decreased by 6.7% each year (incidence rate ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.93-0.94; P < .001) between 2006 and 2018. During the course of a hospital visit, 646 patients (5.3%) died. The majority of patients with a diagnosis of AHT were younger than 1 year (n = 7046; 57.3%), were male (n = 7268; 59.2%) and had Medicaid insurance (n = 8585; 70.0%). After controlling for demographic characteristics, factors associated with increased mortality were age greater than 1 year (odds ratio [OR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.50-3.99; P < .001), first or second income quartile (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.08-2.91; P = .02), midwestern United States (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.04-4.00; P = .04), level 1 trauma center (OR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.07-6.75; P = .04), orbital fracture (OR, 15.38; 95% CI, 2.41-98.18; P = .004), cerebral edema (OR, 8.49; 95% CI, 5.57-12.93; P < .001), intracranial hemorrhage (OR, 4.27; 95% CI, 1.71-10.67; P = .002), hypoxic ischemic brain injury (OR, 4.16; 95% CI, 2.13-8.10; P < .001), skull fractures (OR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.76-5.82; P < .001), subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.22-4.83; P = .01), retinal hemorrhage (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.40-3.38; P < .001), and subdural hemorrhage (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.05-3.98; P = .04).

Conclusions and Relevance

This study’s findings suggest that health care disparities may be present in the treatment of AHT. Recognizing factors suggested in this investigation to be associated with higher mortality, public health efforts should be targeted toward low-income areas and in the midwestern United States.
Magnetic Skyrmions in a Thickness Tunable 2D Ferromagnet from a Defect Driven Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction
Authors: Chakraborty Anirban , Srivastava Abhay K. , Sharma Ankit K. , Gopi Ajesh K. , Mohseni Katayoon , Ernst Arthur , Deniz Hakan , Hazra Binoy Krishna , Das Souvik , Sessi Paolo , Kostanovskiy Ilya , Ma Tianping , Meyerheim Holger L. , Parkin Stuart S. P.
Published: January 2022

There is considerable interest in van der Waals (vdW) materials as potential hosts for chiral skyrmionic spin textures. Of particular interest is the ferromagnetic, metallic compound Fe3GeTe2 (FGT), which has a comparatively high Curie temperature (150–220 K). Several recent studies have reported the observation of chiral Néel skyrmions in this compound, which is inconsistent with its presumed centrosymmetric structure. Here the observation of Néel type skyrmions in single crystals of FGT via Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) is reported. It is shown from detailed X‐ray diffraction structure analysis that FGT lacks an inversion symmetry as a result of an asymmetric distribution of Fe vacancies. This vacancy‐induced breaking of the inversion symmetry of this compound is a surprising and novel observation and is a prerequisite for a Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya vector exchange interaction which accounts for the chiral Néel skyrmion phase. This phenomenon is likely to be common to many 2D vdW materials and suggests a path to the preparation of many such acentric compounds. Furthermore, it is found that the skyrmion size in FGT is strongly dependent on its thickness: the skyrmion size increases from ≈100 to ≈750 nm as the thickness of the lamella is increased from ≈90 nm to ≈2 µm. This extreme size tunability is a feature common to many low symmetry ferro‐ and ferri‐magnetic compounds.