bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurable polarization processor based on coherent four-port micro-ring resonator
Authors: Yi Dan , Luan Jiapeng , Wang Yi , Tsang Hon Ki
Published: October 2023

Polarization processors with versatile functionalities are needed in optical systems, which use or manipulate polarized light. In this paper, we propose and realize an integrated polarization processor based on a coherent 4-port micro-ring resonator. The arbitrary unknown polarization state is input to the polarization processor via a 2-dimensional grating coupler (2DGC), which serves as a polarization beam splitter. The coherent 4-port micro-ring resonator (MRR) operates as a unitary processor and is formed by one crossbar micro-ring resonator and two thermally tunable phase shifters, one of which tunes the micro-ring while the other tunes the coherent interference between the two inputs from the 2DGC. The 4-port system can be used to control the input polarization states that appear at the two output ports and, therefore, can be used to implement a multi-function polarization processor, including polarization descrambler, polarization switch, polarizers, and polarization analyzer (both division of space (DOS) and division of time (DOT)). In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the use of coherent 4-port MRR for polarization mode switching and for polarization mode unscrambling. The polarization unscrambler was capable of separating two polarization-multiplexed 40 GHz data lanes from the input fiber with crosstalk levels below −21 dB and is suitable for use in the receiver for polarization-multiplexed direct-detection optical communications systems. The same photonic circuit may be used as a polarization analyzer, either as a DOS polarization analyzer or a DOT polarization analyzer. The DOS polarization analyzer measured the polarization with measured deviation of the orientation angle (2ψ) varying from −0.5° to 1.3°and deviation of ellipticity angle (2χ) varying from −0.98° to 7.27°. The DOT polarization analyzer measured the polarization with a deviation of the orientation angle (2ψ) that varied from −2.93° to 3.49° and deviation of ellipticity angle (2χ) that varied from −3.5° to 3.05°.
Synthesis and crystal structure of (3E,5S,10S,13S,14S,17Z)-17-ethylidene-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[α]phenanthren-3-one O-(methacryloyl) oxime, C50H74N2O4
Authors: Wei Peng , Zhao Jin-Feng , Zou Juan , Ye Jiang-Hai , He Kang , Xu Hong
Published: October 2023

C50H74N2O4, orthorhombic, P1 (no. 1), a = 7.3320(3) Å, b = 11.8132(4) Å, c = 13.1604(5) Å, α = 99.1910(10)°, β = 95.039(1)°, γ = 95.8560(10)°, V = 1113.06(7) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt
(F) = 0.0662, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1655, T = 273(2) K.
Trans-Sequentielle Analyse und Kommunikativ-Konstruktivistische Videographi
Authors: Tuma René
Published: October 2023

In diesem Beitrag wird diskutiert, inwieweit die Forschungsprogramme der Trans-Sequentiellen Analyse und der kommunikativkonstruktivistisch fundierten Videographie anschlussfähig sind und wo sie sich ergänzen. Am Beispiel zweier Studien des Autors zur vernakularen Videoanalyse und zu Straßengewalt werden Gemeinsamkeiten und Anknüpfungspunkte herausgearbeitet und die Produktivität der Konzepte der kommunikativen Formen und Gattungen, der interaktiven Trajektorien, des Arbeitsbogens und der Unterscheidung von Kontext und Kontextur aufgezeigt. Sowohl die Trans-Sequentielle Analyse als auch die Videographie stammen aus der interpretativen Sozialforschung und überschneiden sich in ihrem Bezug auf verwandte, aber nicht identische theoretische Grundlagen. Für die Trans-Sequentielle Analyse liegt der Bezug vor allem in der Ethnomethodologie und der Actor-Network Theory. Die im kommunikativen Konstruktivismus verortete Videographie greift hier ebenfalls Momente auf, betont aber stärker die analytische Einbeziehung von Subjekten, Wissen und Institutionen.
Birds in Archaeology
Authors: Walker Michael
Published: October 2023

It was a pleasure to review these two books by renowned authorities on the importance of bird remains, both for interpreting archaeological sites and for understanding how human interaction with wild birds has evolved in Western Europe. Wild birds are very important in helping to interpret many archaeological sites and, when I am directing excavations, I always keep to hand Alan Cohen and Dale Serjeantson's manual for identifying bird bones (Cohen & Serjeantson 1996) and I recommend it to the students who participate. For over 60 years Anne Eastham's tireless dedication to Quaternary avifauna and her assiduous preparation, by meticulously dissecting birds to build a comprehensive skeletal reference collection, have furthered the archaeological interpretation of many Western European Palaeolithic sites.
Mitochondrial OPA1 Deficiency Is Associated to Reversible Defects in Spatial Memory Related to Adult Neurogenesis in Mice
Authors: Andraini Trinovita , Moulédous Lionel , Petsophonsakul Petnoi , Florian Cédrick , Gauzin Sébastien , Botella-Daloyau Marlène , Arrázola Macarena , Nikolla Kamela , Philip Adam , Leydier Alice , Marque Manon , Arnauné-Pelloquin Laetitia , Belenguer Pascale , Rampon Claire , Miquel Marie-Christine
Published: October 2023

Mitochondria are integrative hubs central to cellular adaptive pathways. Such pathways are critical in highly differentiated postmitotic neurons, the plasticity of which sustains brain function. Consequently, defects in mitochondria and in their dynamics appear instrumental in neurodegenerative diseases and may also participate in cognitive impairments. To directly test this hypothesis, we analyzed cognitive performances in a mouse mitochondria-based disease model, because of haploinsufficiency in the mitochondrial optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1) protein involved in mitochondrial dynamics. In males, we evaluated adult hippocampal neurogenesis parameters using immunohistochemistry. We performed a battery of tests to assess basal behavioral characteristics and cognitive performances, and tested putative treatments. While in dominant optic atrophy (DOA) mouse models, the known main symptoms are late onset visual deficits, we discovered early impairments in hippocampus-dependent spatial memory attributable to defects in adult neurogenesis. Moreover, less connected adult-born hippocampal neurons showed a decrease in mitochondrial content. Remarkably, voluntary exercise or pharmacological treatment targeting mitochondrial dynamics restored spatial memory in DOA mice. Altogether, our study identifies a crucial role for OPA1-dependent mitochondrial functions in adult neurogenesis, and thus in hippocampal-dependent cognitive functions. More generally, our findings show that adult neurogenesis is highly sensitive to mild mitochondrial defects, generating impairments in spatial memory that can be detected at an early stage and counterbalanced by physical exercise and pharmacological targeting of mitochondrial dynamics. Thus, amplification of mitochondrial function at an early stage appears beneficial for late-onset neurodegenerative diseases.
Distributed Coding of Evidence Accumulation across the Mouse Brain Using Microcircuits with a Diversity of Timescales
Authors: Imani Elaheh , Radkani Setayesh , Hashemi Alireza , Harati Ahad , Pourreza Hamidreza , Moazami Goudarzi Morteza
Published: October 2023

The gradual accumulation of noisy evidence for or against options is the main step in the perceptual decision-making process. Using brain-wide electrophysiological recording in mice (Steinmetz et al., 2019), we examined neural correlates of evidence accumulation across brain areas. We demonstrated that the neurons with drift-diffusion model (DDM)-like firing rate activity (i.e., evidence-sensitive ramping firing rate) were distributed across the brain. Exploring the underlying neural mechanism of evidence accumulation for the DDM-like neurons revealed different accumulation mechanisms (i.e., single and race) both within and across the brain areas. Our findings support the hypothesis that evidence accumulation is happening through multiple integration mechanisms in the brain. We further explored the timescale of the integration process in the single and race accumulator models. The results demonstrated that the accumulator microcircuits within each brain area had distinct properties in terms of their integration timescale, which were organized hierarchically across the brain. These findings support the existence of evidence accumulation over multiple timescales. Besides the variability of integration timescale across the brain, a heterogeneity of timescales was observed within each brain area as well. We demonstrated that this variability reflected the diversity of microcircuit parameters, such that accumulators with longer integration timescales had higher recurrent excitation strength.
Exploring the relationship between failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education and youth entrepreneurial resilience: A mediated moderation model
Authors: Wang Pengju , Xiong Zhuang , Zhao Zhiquan
Published: October 2023

Entrepreneurial failure exists objectively in the process of entrepreneurship, and the fear of entrepreneurship failure inhibits youth entrepreneurship activities to a certain extent. Thus, failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education is critical to cultivating youth entrepreneurial literacy. However, previous research on this topic has not provided a clear answer to how to improve youth entrepreneurial resilience. To explore the relationship between failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education and youth entrepreneurial resilience, using the questionnaire data of 399 youth recruited from China in October 2021 via the Credamo platform, the multiple regression analysis, and the Bootstrap method, we empirically analyzed the impact of failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education on youth entrepreneurial resilience, as well as the mediating effect of entrepreneurial cognition and the moderating effect of the fault-tolerant environment on the above relationship. The results show that failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education has a significant positive impact on youth entrepreneurial resilience. The two dimensions of willingness cognition and ability cognition in entrepreneurial cognition have a complete mediating effect on the impact of failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education on youth entrepreneurial resilience while the mediating effect of arrangements cognition is not significant. The fault-tolerant environment positively moderates the impact of failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial resilience, and its moderating effect is transmitted through the mediating effect of willingness cognition and ability cognition. A strong fault-tolerant environment enhances the impact of failure-learning-based entrepreneurship education on the formation of youth rational cognition, through the mediating effect of willing cognition and ability cognition, which further strengthens the positive impact on youth entrepreneurial resilience. The findings enrich the body of knowledge on entrepreneurship education and can improve youth entrepreneurial resilience.
Determination and simulation of stimulated dynamics
Authors: Alzbutas Robertas , Janilionis Vytautas
Published: October 2023

There is not abstract.
Older Infant-Young Child “Formulas”
Authors: Fuchs George J. , Abrams Steven A. , Amevor A. Adjowa ,   COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION, Corkins Mark R. , Blanco Cynthia L. , Fuchs George J. , Goday Praveen S. , Hannon Tamara S. , Lindsey C. Wesley , Rome Ellen S. , Bremer Andrew , Lotze Andrea , Perrine Cria , Sant’Anna Ana , Funanich Cheryl , Burrowes Debra L.
Published: October 2023

The category of “formulas” directed at older infants and toddlers 6 to 36 months of age has increased in prominence over the last years but is characterized by lack of standardization in nomenclature and composition as well as questionable marketing practices. There has been uncertainty and misperception regarding some of the roles of these beverages in ensuring adequate childhood nutrition. The aim of this clinical report is to review the context, evidence, and rationale for older infant-young child formulas, followed by recommendations.
Weiner, J. (2022). Care and Covenant: A Jewish Bioethic of Responsibility
Authors: Cohen Jeffrey
Published: October 2023

Weiner, J. (2022). Care and Covenant: A Jewish Bioethic of Responsibility. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press, 130 pp. (hbk). ISBN: 9781647123178.
Annie Sprinkle and Beth Stephens with Jennie Klein, Assuming the Ecosexual Position: The Earth as Lover
Authors: Tully Caroline
Published: October 2023

Annie Sprinkle and Beth Stephens with Jennie Klein, Assuming the Ecosexual Position: The Earth as Lover (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2021), 250 pp., $29.95 (pbk), ISBN 978-1-5179-0019-9.
Pagan Survivals versus Surviving Paganism
Authors: York Michael
Published: October 2023

Conner, Randy P. 2020. The Pagan Heart of the West: Embodying Ancient Beliefs and Practices from Antiquity to the Present (Oxford: Mandrake of Oxford).
Frew, Donald H. 1998, ‘Methodological Flaws in Recent Studies of Historical and Modern Witchcraft’, Ethnologies 20.1: 33–66.
Hutton, Ronald. 2022. Queens of the Wild: Pagan Goddesses in Christian Europe – An Investigation (New Haven and London: Yale University Press).
Oberon Zell, GaeaGenesis: Conception and Birth of the Living Earth (A Love Story)
Authors: York Michael
Published: October 2023

Oberon Zell, GaeaGenesis: Conception and Birth of the Living Earth (A Love Story), (Cincinnati, OH: Left Hand Press, 2022), 436 pp., $35 (cloth), $25 (pbk), ISBN 979-8-9853204-4-2.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY RESEARCH OF LPWAN TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Lykov Y. V. , Gorelov D. Y. , Lykova A. A. , Savenko S. O.
Published: October 2023

Context. The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the development of various low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies that are designed to provide transmission of small data packets over long distances with minimal energy consumption. The two most well-known LPWAN technologies are LoRaWAN and Sigfox. This study aims to compare the energy efficiency of these two technologies to determine their suitability for use in autonomous solutions.

Objective. The objective of this study is to compare the energy efficiency of LoRaWAN and Sigfox technologies for IoT devices. The comparison will help determine which technology is better for autonomous solutions when devices need to operate for extended periods of time without frequent battery replacements.

Method. In this work, taking into account the specifications of the investigated radio technologies, mathematical modeling of the time of data transmission or reception is used depending on the payload, and information on the power supply current is taken from official datasheets for the components of the investigated devices.

Results. The results of the study show that both LoRaWAN and Sigfox are energy-saving technologies, but LoRaWAN is generally more energy-efficient than Sigfox. In addition, LoRaWAN has adaptive modes and significantly more manual settings, which in some cases further reduces the energy per bit of data compared to Sigfox.

Conclusions. LoRaWAN is the best choice for autonomous solutions where energy efficiency is crucial. This study provides valuable information for designers and developers of IoT devices, allowing them to make informed decisions when choosing LPWAN technologies for their autonomous solutions.
Kontestasi Media Digital: Analisis Tagar #BubarkanMUI versus #DukungMUI
Authors: Arif Moch. Choirul , Ariza Qurrata A’yun
Published: October 2023

The study aims to explain the role of the hashtags #BubarkanMUI and #DukungMUI in getting support for digital opinion, and the comparison of the hashtags #BubarkanMUI. The results have revealed, first, the importance of hashtags in the digital opinion movement (DMO). This success is based on the narration of tweets that are uploaded more emotionally. Second, the digital opinion movement carried out by the hashtags #bubarkanMUI and #supportMUI is a movement that occurs spontaneously, unorganized, homogeneous, and has many actors involved within the movement. Third, the hashtags #bubarkanMUI and #dukungMUI generally use the same pattern: (a) in terms of thematic aspects, although some posted tweets do not describe the two hashtags, (b) schematic aspects or sentence structure, tweets posted on both hastags unwell- structured, (c) the meanings of the posted tweets show the side of disappointment (#bubarkan MUI) and a defense of the existence of MUI (#dukungMUI ), so the impression of the two hashtags is contesting to win public opinion.
Opisthorchiasis-related topical issues
Authors: Ryabenko Yu. N. , Ryabenko Elina B.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes statistical data on the 2020 vs 2019 opisthorchiasis incidence rate on the territory of the Russian Federation and in foreign countries, provides absolute and intensive morbidity indicators across entire the Russian Federation and specifically in its subjects — republics and regions, general prevalence of helminthiasis, and opisthorchiasis particularly overall pattern of parasitic diseases, as well as contribution of opisthorchiasis to general pattern of biohelminthiasis, its dynamics, and prevalence of relevant causative agent. A comparative analysis for incidence rates in the regions where opisthorchiasis was recorded and mean country-wide statistical parameters was carried out. As a result, it was concluded that despite a decline in the Russia-wide overall parasitic morbidity, an excess of mean indicators, sometimes significant, was noted in some regions. Thus, compared to Russia-wide magnitude of intensive indicator, it was higher by 4-fold in the Komi Republic, whereas in the Kurgan, Vologda, Arkhangelsk Regions and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug — by 3-fold. The article provides an analysis of the population age groups as well as percentage of opisthorchis-affected urban and rural populations. In addition, the special clinical and epidemiological significance of opisthorchiasis remains urgent due to severity of its course, affected various body systems and organs, emergence of serious complications leading to disability, and in some cases to fatal outcomes, the presence of natural foci, most of which are located in the Russian Federation. Almost all territories adjacent to the basins of the Ob, Irtysh, Tom rivers and their tributaries pose special concern regarding opisthorchiasis. The data related to prevalence of helminthiasis larvae detected in fish in 2020 and 2019 since 2010 are presented. Based on the data shown above, strict adherence to preventive measures plays an important role in reducing opisthorchiasis incidence rate and preventing its spread.
Prognostic significance of interleukin-1a (il1a) RS1800857 genetic polymorphism in develop pulmonary sarcoidosis in residents of Karelia
Authors: Malysheva Irina E. , Topchieva Ludmila V. , Tikhonovich Ella L.
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the research problem is justified by insufficient knowledge of the mechanisms for genetic regulation of inflammatory immune response during granuloma formation and arising inflammation in pulmonary sarcoidosis. It is believed that development of inflammatory process and formation of sarcoid granulomas occurs in subjects with genetically determined sensitivity to the effects of an unidentified etiological agent(s). The complexity of determining a causative factor(s) is accounted for by a variety of clinical forms and manifestations of the disease as well as a role for multifaceted immunological events in the pathogenesis of this disease. The process of inflammation, its intensity, may depend, among other issues, on host genetic background. Both enhanced and lowered production of pro-inflammatory factors can be observed in carriers of certain combinations of gene allelic variants. This, in turn, may determine human susceptibility to emergence of pulmonary sarcoidosis as well as alter clinical characteristics of the disease course and magnitude of developing immune inflammatory response. It should also be noted that the genetic background differs in various ethnic groups. Therefore, genetic background and environmental cues, ethnicity, may account for differed disease prevalence and phenotype. In this regard, it is relevant to search for allelic gene variations that could act as prognostic markers for development and progression of pulmonary sarcoidosis as well as characterize the features of its course. The data on the relationship between the carriage of allelic gene variations and susceptibility to pulmonary sarcoidosis as well as the contribution ofIL1Ars1800857 polymorphic variant to development, progression, and therapy of the disease remain sparse and often contradictory. The current study assessed a risk of lung sarcoidosis in the subjects of Russian descent of the Republic of Karelia. According to the results of the studies, a significant association (p 0.001) between the indicatedIL1Agene allelic polymorphism and pulmonary sarcoidosis was established, with a risk of its development increasing by 3.47-fold (95% CI 2.41–5.01) in carriers of the T allele (p 0.001). Thus, the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1800857 in theIL1Agene is associated with the risk of developing lung sarcoidosis in the subjects of Russian descent of the Republic of Karelia.
MAPEAMENTO DA PRODUÇÃO SOBRE PROCESSO DECISÓRIO ESTRATÉGICO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA E AGENDA DE PESQUISA
Authors: Pereira Patrick dos Santos , Forapani Gustavo , Oliveira Rafael Santana Galvão , Roglio Karina De Déa
Published: October 2023

RESUMO O processo decisório estratégico é apresentado na literatura como um importante meio para compreender o fenômeno organizacional. A fim de apontar agendas de pesquisas futuras, esta revisão sistemática mapeia as publicações sobre processo decisório estratégico em periódicos classificados com alto fator de impacto no SCImago Journal Rank - SJR, no período de 2010 a 2020, orientada pela seguinte questão: quais são as características da produção sobre processo decisório estratégico entre 2010 e 2020 e como esse tema pode ser desenvolvido em pesquisas futuras? A análise dos 134 artigos indicou um crescimento gradual no número de publicações sobre processo decisório estratégico; entretanto, identificamos que a produção ainda é restrita aos países com alto desenvolvimento socioeconômico e que nove pesquisadores concentram ⅕ das pesquisas analisadas. Foi evidenciada a predominância de trabalhos de base positivista e quantitativos, além da abundância de estudos sobre altos escalões, indicando que o campo segue estático frente à sua própria dinamicidade. Este artigo contribui ao propor uma agenda de pesquisa que recomenda explorar novos contextos, intensificar a utilização de abordagens qualitativas, ampliar a compreensão ontoepistemológica do tema, aprofundar as pesquisas sobre processo decisório em diferentes níveis organizacionais e complexificar as investigações sobre altos escalões e situações inesperadas.
Considerações teóricas sobre o corpo e o fenômeno da dor em Nasio e Le Poulichet: da imagem ao corpo em negativo
Authors: Galvão Laís Augsten , Bocchi Josiane Cristina
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo discute o papel do corpo e da imagem corporal no fenômeno da dor física a partir de J.-D. Nasio e Sylvie Le Poulichet. Aborda-se o estatuto do corpo através de um fenômeno muito presente nas subjetividades contemporâneas, como o problema da dor. O afeto da dor é pouco estudado no âmbito das escolas de psicossomática, assim como pela psicanálise. Nasio e Le Poulichet apresentam perspectivas próprias acerca do processo da dor e da compreensão sobre o corpo e sobre a imagem. Eles apropriaram-se, cada um a seu modo, dos legados do pensamento freudiano, bem como do referencial lacaniano. Para um dos autores, o corpo está mais ligado à imagem e às identificações do eu, enquanto, para o outro, o corpo é o lugar de um excesso de ordem sexual e narcísica.
La experiencia de la autonomia humana: salud y subjetividad.Canguilhem y Freud frente a la objetivación del sufrimiento
Authors: Jofré Daniel , Bilbao Alejandro , Villalobos Antonio
Published: October 2023

El artículo examina las nociones de salud y enfermedad elaboradas por los planteamientos de G. Canguilhem. Estas son analizadas tomando en cuenta las hipótesis freudianas relativas a la neurosis, la normalidad y la enfermedad mental. En particular, se aborda el concepto de normatividad en la filosofía de G. Canguilhem, estableciendo un diálogo con las nociones de síntoma y enfermedad en los textos freudianos. En este marco, se da relevancia a la relación entre el síntoma y la fantasía como fenómenos que resaltan la creatividad del ser viviente. Se precisa que esta última se expresa de modo diferenciado en la organización de los cuadros neuróticos y psicóticos. Para finalizar, a través de las ideas expuestas por A. Badiou, se analiza la tensión entre la dimensión objetiva y subjetiva del sujeto, como sustrato lógico de la crítica que puede ser establecida de los procedimientos científico-naturales de la medicina y su afán de objetivación de la experiencia clínica.
Incorporação de fibras de papel kraft provenientes de embalagens de cimento pós-uso para produção de pisogramas de concreto
Authors: Carvalho Eliédson Rafael de , Rapôso Áurea Luiza Quixabeira Rosa e Silva , Souza Ronny Francisco Marques de , Silva Larissa Bezerra da , Marques Sheyla Karolina Justino
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a viabilidade da produção de pisogramas de concreto com a incorporação de fibras de papel kraft provenientes de embalagens de cimento pós-uso. As embalagens foram coletadas e processadas, resultando nas fibras de papel kraft (FPK). Foi adotado o traço de referência de 1:2,31:2,49:0,54 nas proporções de massa de cimento, agregado miúdo, agregado graúdo e fator água/cimento, respectivamente. Estudou-se duas composições com incorporação de FPK nos percentuais de 0,5% e 1,0% em relação à massa total de agregados. Para cada composição, foram moldados 4 corpos de prova e executados os ensaios de absorção de água e resistência à compressão aos 28 dias. Como resultado, todas composições apresentaram absorção de água abaixo do limite normativo de 6%. No ensaio de resistência à compressão, as composições de referência, de 0,5% e de 1,0% de FPK obtiveram 35,55 MPa, 30,61 MPa e 28,40 MPa, respectivamente. Como o concreto com 0,5% de incorporação de FPK obteve melhor desempenho mecânico, foram confeccionados 6 pisogramas para realização da inspeção visual e avaliação dimensional, os quais atenderam aos requisitos normativos. Este trabalho mostra a viabilidade de produção de concreto com FPK e a utilização deste na fabricação de pisogramas para áreas que exijam até 30 MPa.
HYDRAULIC TRAITS OF Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don. (Bignoniaceae) IN THE SOUTHWEST AMAZON
Authors: Oliveira Renata Teixeira de , Santos João Antônio Rodrigues , Oliveira Martin Acosta , Tavares Julia Valentim , Miranda Patrícia Nakayama , Silveira Marcos
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Trees transport water from underground to the atmosphere through the evapotranspiration process. Climate change can significantly compromise this process due to changes in land use, such as deforestation. This study aimed to characterize the hydraulic and anatomical attributes of Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don (Bignoniaceae), in the Southwestern Brazilian Amazon. For this purpose, the xylem vulnerability curve of this species was described. The frequency and diameter of the xylem vessels and the stomata density were also measured. Finally, a hydraulic attribute of Jacaranda copaia was compared to other species at global, tropical, and Amazonian levels. The findings show that, in the region studied, the species Jacaranda copaia has diffuse-porous woods and numerous vessels (average vessel ranging from 8 to 14 nº/mm2) with small (<50µm) to medium (between 100 and 200 µm) diameters. The average stomatal density ranged from 289 to 309 stomata/mm2. The xylem hydraulic resistance to embolism (Ψ50) ranged from -0.814 to -2.400 MPa, with relatively narrow hydraulic safety margins (HSM50 ranging from -0.312 to 1.122; HSM88 ranging from 0.204 to 1.709). The average values of Ψ50 detected were similar to a large percentage of arboreal species at global, tropical, and Amazonian levels. Possibly, the studied species presents a more “risky” hydraulic strategy, with relatively narrow hydraulic safety margins, due to its dynamic character of fast growth, typical of pioneer species.
Elevated CO2 induces down-regulation of photosynthesis and alleviates the effect of water deficit in Ceiba pentandra (Malvaceae)
Authors: Silveira Alexandra Maria Ferreira , Marenco Ricardo Antonio
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT The simultaneous effect of elevated CO2 concentration and drought on trees is still under investigation in the Amazon. We evaluated the effect of CO2 levels (400 and 800 ppm) and water regimes (50% and 100% soil field capacity) on photosynthetic traits, chlorophyll fluorescence, and total biomass accumulation in Ceiba pentandra. In well-watered plants, light-saturated photosynthesis (PN-sat) increased in plants exposed to elevated CO2, but both PN-sat and stomatal conductance decreased in response to water deficit. The maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco declined under elevated CO2, which indicates down-regulation of photosynthesis at elevated CO2. The Fv/Fm ratio was not affected by treatments. Notwithstanding, total plant biomass and leaf area were reduced by 34-37% under water deficit, but they were not affected by CO2 levels. The PN-sat values measured in well-irrigated plants at ambient CO2 were similar to those observed in plants subjected to elevated CO2 and water deficit (p = 0.26). We concluded that the effect of water deficit on PN-sat was mitigated by elevated CO2. These results suggest that the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentrations associated to climate changes can at least partly offset the negative effect of drought in this multiuse and widely distributed species.
Em que medida o desempenho acadêmico contribui para a evasão? O caso de um curso de Licenciatura em Física
Authors: Barbosa Rafael de Carvalho , Fraga Junior Jailton , Lima Junior Paulo
Published: October 2023

Cursos de Física são tradicionalmente conhecidos por apresentarem elevadas taxas de evasão e reprovação. Neste artigo, baseados na Sociologia da Educação de Pierre Bourdieu, analisamos a relação entre desempenho acadêmico e evasão no curso de Licenciatura em Física oferecido pelo Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), campus Bento Gonçalves. Os dados apontam que a reprovação nas disciplinas de Física 1 e Cálculo 1 (por falta de frequência ou por baixo desempenho) está mais associada à evasão enquanto a aprovação está associada à permanência no curso. Ao mesmo tempo, foi possível observar casos de contratendência. Ou seja, foram identificados estudantes aprovados que abandonaram o curso e estudantes reprovados que permaneceram. Esperamos que esses resultados contribuam para pensarmos os efeitos das avaliações acadêmicas sobre a permanência dos estudantes.
Time trend of infant mortality in Pernambuco, 2001-2019: a population-based ecological study
Authors: Coelho Lígia Maria de Sousa , Ferreira Ana Carolina Furtado , Vasconcelos Rebeca de Araújo , Matos Thaís Silva , Souza Carlos Dornels Freire de
Published: October 2023

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the temporal trend and spatial distribution of infant mortality in Pernambuco from 2001 to 2019. Methods: an ecological study involving all deaths in children under one year of age living in the state. Data were collected from the Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System. Four mortality rates were calculated and the temporal analysis was performed by applying the regression model by inflection points of the rates at different spatial levels. Results: 47,949 deaths were recorded, of which 51.0% (n=24,447) occurred in the first six days of life. A statistically significant downward trend was observed in all the rates analyzed (-4.5%/year in overall mortality, -3.6%/year in early neonatal mortality, -1.9%/year in the late neonatal component, and -6.3%/year in the post-neonatal component). Additionally, 64.3% of the municipalities (n=119) showed a declining trend in the overall infant mortality rate. Less than 50% of the municipalities showed a downward trend in early neonatal and late neonatal mortality (41.08%; n=76 and 43.2%; n=80, respectively). In post-neonatal mortality, 57.3% (n=106) showed decreasing trends. Conclusions: there was a temporal trend of decline in overall infant mortality, although there is an important portion of municipalities with a stationary trend, justifying the need to reduce social inequalities and geographical asymmetries.
Deficiência predominantemente de anticorpos: relato de caso
Authors: Morais Louyse Jerônimo de , Silva Beatriz Brasileiro de Macedo , Brito Luís Alfredo Cezar , Lemos Luíza Alcântara Pontes de , Lustosa Matheus Soares , Carneiro Rafaela Ribeiro D’Azevedo , Lima Renata de Cerqueira Paes Correa , Aragão Tainá Gomes , Nóbrega Veriana Márcia da
Published: October 2023

Resumo Objetivos: apresentar um caso de Erro Inato da Imunidade (EII) como diagnóstico em potencial de pacientes pediátricos com infecções de repetição. Descrição: paciente masculino, 13 anos, desde os oito meses de idade apresentou quadros repetidos de diarreias, sinusites, otites, abscessos e infecções do trato urinário; destacando-se a otite, sinusite e diarreia pela maior recorrência. Aos dez anos, quando apresentou mastoidite evoluindo para meningite, foi internado em um hospital terciário, onde foi realizada avaliação imunológica, a qual levou ao diagnóstico de Deficiência Predominantemente de Anticorpos (DPAs), tendo como suspeita a agamaglobulinemia ligada ao cromossomo X (ALX). Foi iniciado tratamento com administração de gamaglobulina endovenosa 400 mg/kg a cada quatro semanas, ocorrendo melhora significativa do quadro. Discussão: normalmente, o diagnóstico da ALX tende a ser feito nos primeiros três anos de vida. Neste relato, entretanto, embora as primeiras manifestações tenham iniciado aos oito meses de idade, ocorreu um atraso de dez anos até o início do tratamento. De fato, o diagnóstico de crianças e adultos com EII pode ser retardado se os profissionais de saúde não conseguirem encontrar a causa das infecções recorrentes. Destaca-se, portanto, a relevância de se considerar tais patologias na vigência de sinais de riscos, pois o diagnóstico precoce é fundamental para tratar e prevenir morbidades.
Nutritional profile of indigenous children under five years of age in the Upper Solimões River, Amazonas, Brazil (2013)
Authors: Medeiros Francinara Guimarães , Mainbourg Evelyne Marie Therese , Ferreira Aline Alves , Balieiro Antônio Alcirley da Silva , Welch James R. , Coimbra Jr. Carlos E. A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract Objectives: to characterize the nutritional status of indigenous children underfive years of age living in rural communities in the Upper Solimões River region, inhabited by seven ethnic groups, based on data of december 2013. Methods: weight and height data extracted from SISVAN-I (Indigenous Food and Nutritional Surveillance System) forms filled in 2013 for 7,520 children (86.0% of the estimated children in this age group). The indices height-for-age (H/A), weight-for-age (W/A), weight-for-height(W/H), and body mass index-for-age (BMI/A) were calculated. Growth reference curves proposed by the World Health Organization were used to calculate z-scores. Results: the height-for-age (H/A) index presented the lowest mean z-score values, reaching -1.95 among children between 36 and 60 months. Mean z-score values for the weight-for-age (W/A) index also remained below zero. Mean z-score values for the indices weight-for-height (W/H) and body mass index-for-age (BMI/A) remained slightly above zero, reaching a maximum value of 0.5. Of all children, 45.7% presented low H/A, 9.6% presented low W/A, 4.5% presented low W/H, and 10.7% presented overweight based on BMI/A. Conclusion: our analysis show that in 2013 poor nutritional status persisted as an important health issue among these rural indigenous children.
Relationship between functional classification, upper extremity muscle strength, and agility in wheelchair rugby athletes
Authors: Silva Matheus Emiliano , Ferreira Gustavo Nunes Tasca , Stieler Eduardo , Guerreiro Renato de Carvalho , Mello Marco Tulio de , Silva Andressa
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare the strength and agility of wheelchair rugby (WR) athletes with different functional classifications (FC) and describe the relationship between agility and upper extremity isometric muscle strength (IMS). A total of 10 WR athletes were analyzed, divided into two groups: Group 1 (G1): FC 0.5 and 1.0; and Group 2(G2): FC 1.5 to 2.5. IMS was evaluated by a dynamometer, and agility by a zig-zag test. Spearman’s correlation was used to describe the relationship between IMS and performance on the agility test. In contrast, the t-test was used to compare strength and agility between different FCs (p≤0.05). Shoulder extensor IMS was higher in G2 athletes (p=0.001; d=3.10), which were also more agile than G1 athletes (G1=23.66s>G2=17.55s; p=0.015; d=2.00). Both groups showed a correlation between bilateral shoulder extensor strength and agility (r=−0.721; p=0.019). Athletes with high FC scores are more agile than athletes with low scores and, therefore, have greater movement speed when performing WR tasks. Greater shoulder extensor muscle strength is associated with greater agility in WR athletes.
Association between isokinetic strength measures and functional performance in community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Nagata Cristiane de Almeida , Hamu Tânia Cristina Dias da Silva , Neri Silvia Gonçalves Ricci , Lima Ricardo Moreno , Garcia Patrícia Azevedo
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Previous studies have shown an association between lower limb muscle strength and functional performance, but a dose-response relationship between the strength of each lower limb muscle group and performance in daily life activities in older adults has not been well established. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between isokinetic muscle strength of all eight major lower limb muscle groups and functional performance in community-dwelling older adults. The muscle strength of the plantar flexors and dorsiflexors of the ankle, flexors and extensors of the knee, and flexors, extensors, adductors, and abductors of the hip were evaluated using a Biodex System 4 Pro® isokinetic dynamometer. Functional performance was evaluated in 109 participants using the five-times sit-to-stand test (STS) and 4-meter usual walking speed (UWS). The multiple linear regression analyses showed that the hip abductors strength predicted 31.3% of the variability for UWS (p=0.011), and the knee extensors strength (p=0.015) predicted 31.6% of the variability for the STS. We conclude that hip abductors and knee extensors could be the key muscle groups involved in sit to stand and walking speed performance in older adults.
Percepção de saúde, qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional em adultos e idosos pós-internação hospitalar em função de complicações da COVID-19 - estudo longitudinal com follow-up de seis meses
Authors: Araújo Débora Vieira de , Lima Ana Laura Rodrigues de , Costa Erika de Cassia Santos , Montiel José Maria , Alonso Angélica Castilho , Brech Guilherme Carlos
Published: October 2023

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a percepção de saúde, a qualidade de vida e a capacidade funcional dos pacientes durante seis meses após a internação por COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo de delineamento prospectivo longitudinal realizado na Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT) em parceria com o Instituto Ânima Brasil. Foram avaliados 13 participantes adultos, entre jovens e idosos, que apresentaram diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 e foram internados. Foi utilizado um questionário de caracterização e interdisciplinar construído especificamente para inquirir a percepção de saúde, a qualidade de vida e a capacidade funcional dos participantes. Neste estudo, eles foram acompanhados no período de seis meses, e os principais resultados obtidos foram: a identificação do aumento significativo no tempo de caminhada após três meses (p=0,002), bem como a melhora na percepção de qualidade de vida (p=0,002). Além disso, foram avaliados os níveis de cansaço e de prática de atividade física, e as respostas médias foram, respectivamente, “pouco cansaço” e “irregularmente ativo”, as quais se mantiveram inalteradas ao longo de seis meses. Tendo em vista que os pacientes que foram submetidos à internação hospitalar devido à COVID-19 apresentaram redução da percepção de qualidade de vida e do tempo de caminhada logo após o período hospitalar, foi identificado que, com o decorrer do tempo, eles demonstraram tendência de melhora dessas percepções.
VARIAÇÃO E MUDANÇA NA HISTÓRIA DAS VOGAIS MÉDIAS TÔNICAS DA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA: UMA INTERPRETAÇÃO DAS RIMAS DA POESIA DO PASSADO
Authors: FONTE Juliana Simões , MASSINI-CAGLIARI Gladis
Published: October 2023

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é obter pistas sobre a pronúncia das vogais médias tônicas no português dos séculos XIII, XV, XVI e XVII, a partir da observação das rimas da poesia de então. Serviram de corpora para esta pesquisa as Cantigas de Santa Maria de Afonso X, o Cancioneiro Geral de Garcia de Resende, Os Lusíadas de Camões e os sonetos do poeta luso-brasileiro Gregório de Matos. A metodologia adotada neste estudo consiste, essencialmente, no mapeamento e análise de todas as rimas, nos corpora referidos, envolvendo vogais médias, na sílaba acentuada. Levando-se em consideração o fato de que a escrita antiga, como a atual, dispunha de apenas dois grafemas para representar os quatro fonemas referentes às vogais médias tônicas da língua portuguesa, foram avaliadas e comparadas, neste trabalho, as possibilidades e impossibilidades de rima entre vogais médias representadas por grafemas idênticos. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que havia intensa variação fonética na pronúncia das vogais médias tônicas da língua portuguesa, entre os séculos XV e XVII (pelo menos), e que, em alguns casos, essa variação resultou em mudança, no decorrer da história da língua.
Response of plants used in cover crop mix to Meloidogyne enterolobii, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus
Authors: Lopes Ana Paula Mendes , Pereira Alana Emanoele , Baquião Eunice Maria , Amorin Deucleiton Jardim , Wilcken Silvia Renata Siciliano
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Cover crop species have been used in mixes in order to improve soil conditions; however, it is important to evaluate the relationship of the employed cultivars with phytonematodes to identify those that do not multiply the pathogens in the cultivated area. This study aimed to assess the response of 11 plant species used in cover crop mix to Meloidogyne enterolobii, M. incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus. Six experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design, with five replications. BMX Potência RR soybean and Santa Clara tomato were used as controls. In at least one of the experiments, IPR 91 Baili buckwheat was susceptible (reproduction factor - RF ≥ 1) to M. enterolobii, M. incognita and P. brachyurus. Common white lupin, URS Altiva white oat, Iapar 61 (Ibiporã) black oat and Embrapa 139 (Neblina) black oat were susceptible to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and resistant (RF < 1) and/or immune (RF = 0) to P. brachyurus. IPR 89 rye and IPR 116 radish were found susceptible to M. incognita and P. brachyurus and resistant to M. enterolobii. BRS 1501 millet and Embrapa 29 (Garoa) black oat were susceptible to M. incognita and resistant/immune to M. enterolobii and P. brachyurus. Brachiaria ruziziensis was considered resistant to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and susceptible to P. brachyurus. URS Corona white oat was the only cover crop considered to be resistant and/or immune to all the nematode species evaluated.
Occurrence of Dinarmus basalis parasitizing Callosobruchus maculatus in Vigna unguiculata in the semiarid region of the Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil
Authors: Costa Ewerton Marinho da , Silva Francisco Edivino Lopes da , Fernandes Elania Clementino , Costa Valmir Antonio , Araujo Elton Lucio
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) is the main pest of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. during the grain storage period. This study aimed to report the occurrence of a natural enemy associated with C. maculatus in cowpea, in the semiarid region of the Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. For this, cowpea samples were collected and placed in closed plastic containers, where they remained until the emergence of adult insects. From the infested samples, adults of C. maculatus and of the Dinarmus basalis (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae) parasitoid emerged. This is the first report of D. basalis parasitizing C. maculatus in the semiarid region of the Rio Grande do Norte state.
Production of Pereskia aculeata seedlings combining substrates and cutting diameters
Authors: Souza Nilton César de , Ferreira Regina Lúcia Félix , Mota Bárbara Barbosa , Silva Márcio Chaves da
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Seedling production is one of the most important stages of plant cultivation, with quality mainly depending on the substrate and plant material used. This study aimed to evaluate the production of Pereskia aculeata seedlings combining substrates and cutting diameters. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five substrate combinations (commercial, kapok, palm, commercial + kapok and commercial + palm) and three cutting diameter ranges (0.5-3.0, 3.1-5.5 and 5.6-8.0 mm). The following parameters were evaluated: plant height, leaf length and width, number of shoots and leaves, root length, shoot and root fresh mass, shoot and root dry mass, total fresh and dry mass and Dickson quality index. There was a significant interaction effect between substrates and cutting diameters on the seedlings formed, except for number of shoots, leaf length and root dry mass. Seedlings of higher quality can be achieved with larger cutting diameters combined with commercial substrate. The palm and kapok substrates can be used alternatively when combined with larger cutting diameters.
Presentation: Why Latin American perspectives on feminism, gender and sexuality in digital technologies
Authors: Sívori Horacio Federico , Parreiras Carolina , Peña Paz
Published: October 2023

Abstract Fruit of a partnership between the Latin American Center on Sexuality and Human Rights (CLAM/IMS/UERJ) and the Association of Progressive Communication’s Feminist Internet Research Network (FIRN/APC), this dossier gathers works in the Social Sciences and the Humanities produced by academic and civil society researchers from Brazil, Chile and Mexico. In their original or newly translated contributions, digital technologies meet issues of women’s health; violence against women; racist bias in artificial intelligence; Black and migrant women’s activism; women’s religiosity and self expression; male self-entrepreneurship; and ultra right-wing men’s networks. Our aim is not so much to address a singular object or to cover an absence but, rather, to connect thematic interests from diverse theoretical, methodological and disciplinary approaches in an open a dialog about the ways in which we have carried out research in, of, for and about the digital as it relates to gender, sexuality and feminisms in Latin America.