bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal Maxillary Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Near Fatal Complication of Seemingly Innocuous Pharyngeal Trauma
Authors: Hennus M. P. , Speleman L.
Published: November 2011

A 2-year-old boy presented with persistent pain and oral blood loss after falling with a toothbrush in his mouth. Initial routine inspection of the oropharynx showed no abnormalities. Recurrent blood loss instigated a reinspection under general anesthesia revealing the head of the toothbrush embedded in the nasopharynx. The toothbrush was removed without problems but several hours later a near fatal rebleeding occurred, requiring aggressive fluid resuscitation. Subsequently, the patient was transferred to our pediatric intensive care unit for further evaluation and treatment. CT angiography (CTA) showed a pseudoaneurysm of the internal maxillary artery which was successfully coiled, and further recovery was uneventful. Pediatric pharyngeal trauma is a common entity with rare, but potentially life-threatening, complications. In case of pharynx lesions, bleeding, and persistent pain, flexible endoscopy by an otolaryngologist is mandatory. In case of persistent bleeding vascular imaging is essential with CTA being a reliable alternative for the more invasive angiography.
Incidence and Severity of Lymphoedema following Limb Salvage of Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Friedmann Daniel , Wunder Jay S. , Ferguson Peter , O'Sullivan Brian , Roberge David , Catton Charles , Freeman Carolyn , Saran Neil , Turcotte Robert E.
Published: November 2011

Background and Purpose. Lymphoedema is a serious complication following limb salvage for extremity soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) for which little is known. We aimed to evaluate its incidence, its, severity and its associated risk factors.Material and Method. Patient and tumor characteristics, treatment modalities and complications and functional outcomes (MSTS 1987, TESS), and lymphoedema severity (Stern) were all collected from prospective databases. Charts were retrospectively abstracted for BMI and comorbidities.Results. There were 289 patients (158 males). Mean age was 53 (16–88). Followup ranged between 12 and 60 months with an average of 35 and a median of 36 months. Mean BMI was 27.4 (15.8–52.1). 72% had lower extremity tumors and 38% upper extremity. Mean tumor size was 8.1 cm (1.0–35.6 cm). 27% had no adjuvant radiation, 62% had 50 Gy, and 11% received 66 Gy. The incidence of lymphoedema was 28.8% (206 none, 58 mild, 22 moderate, 3 severe, and 0 very severe). Mean MSTS score was 32 (11–35) and TESS was 89.4 (32.4–100). Radiation dose was significantly correlated with tumorsize>5 cm (P=0.0001) and TESS score (P=0.001), but not MSTS score (P=0.090). Only tumorsize>5 cm and depth were found to be independent predictors of significant lymphoedema.Conclusion. Nine percent of STS patients in our cohort developed significant (grade≥2) lymphoedema. Tumorsize>5 cm and deep tumors were associated with an increased occurrence of lymphoedema but not radiation dosage.
Modeling Neurological Disorders by Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Kunkanjanawan Tanut , Noisa Parinya , Parnpai Rangsun
Published: November 2011

Studies of human brain development are critical as research on neurological disorders have been progressively advanced. However, understanding the process of neurogenesis through analysis of the early embryo is complicated and limited by a number of factors, including the complexity of the embryos, availability, and ethical constrains. The emerging of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has shed light of a new approach to study both early development and disease pathology. The cells behave as precursors of all embryonic lineages; thus, they allow tracing the history from the root to individual branches of the cell lineage tree. Systems for neural differentiation of hESCs and iPSCs have provided an experimental model that can be used to augment in vitro studies of in vivo brain development. Interestingly, iPSCs derived from patients, containing donor genetic background, have offered a breakthrough approach to study human genetics of neurodegenerative diseases. This paper summarizes the recent reports of the development of iPSCs from patients who suffer from neurological diseases and evaluates the feasibility of iPSCs as a disease model. The benefits and obstacles of iPSC technology are highlighted in order to raising the cautions of misinterpretation prior to further clinical translations.
Global Existence of Solutions to the Fowler Equation in a Neighbourhood of Travelling‐Waves
Authors: Bouharguane Afaf
Published: November 2011

We investigate a fractional diffusion/anti‐diffusion equation proposed by Andrew C. Fowler to describe the dynamics of sand dunes sheared by a fluid flow. In this paper, we prove the global‐in‐time well‐posedness in the neighbourhood of travelling‐waves solutions of the Fowler equation.
A General Three‐Step Class of Optimal Iterations for Nonlinear Equations
Authors: Soleymani Fazlollah , Karimi Vanani Solat , Afghani Abtin
Published: November 2011

Many of the engineering problems are reduced to solve a nonlinear equation numerically, and as a result, an especial attention to suggest efficient and accurate root solvers is given in literature. Inspired and motivated by the research going on in this area, this paper establishes an efficient general class of root solvers, where per computing step, three evaluations of the function and one evaluation of the first‐order derivative are used to achieve the optimal order of convergence eight. The without‐memory methods from the developed class possess the optimal efficiency index 1.682. In order to show the applicability and validity of the class, some numerical examples are discussed.
Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Improvements Induced by Surface and Subsurface Modifications of Cores
Authors: Cai Yun , Adzic Radoslav R.
Published: November 2011

This paper demonstrates that the ORR activity of PtML electrocatalysts can be further improved by the modification of surface and subsurface of the core materials. The removal of surface low‐coordination sites, generation (via addition or segregation) of an interlayer between PtML and the core, or the introduction of a second metal component to the subsurface layer of the core can further improve the ORR activity and/or stability of PtML electrocatalysts. These modifications generate the alternation of the interactions between the substrate and the PtML, involving the changes on both electronic (ligand) and geometric (strain) properties of the substrates. The improvements resulted from the application of these approaches provide a new perspective to designing of the new generation PtML electrocatalysts.
Development of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis after Leishmania Skin Test
Authors: Machado Paulo R. , Carvalho Augusto M. , Machado Gustavo U. , Dantas Marina L. , Arruda Sérgio
Published: November 2011

Thirty-year-old female with a previous history of a cutaneous ulcer suspicious of leishmaniasis 20 years ago presented with a new complaint of a depressed papular lesion8×7 mm in the right lower extremity. The lesion was of 10-day duration. Because early cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions may have a non-ulcerated appearance, a Leishmania skin test (LST) was performed on the forearm with a strong positive result (38×32 mm). After 8 days, the lesion in the leg, which was diagnosed as folliculitis, completely healed. However, a typical CL ulcer (26×24 mm) developed at the LST site. Histopathology of the new lesion did not identifiy parasites, but the findings were consistent with a diagnosis of CL. Further analysis identified amastigotes by immunohistochemical stain. Mononuclear cells harvested from the patient were stimulated with Leishmania antigen and showed high levels of production of both tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ): 2,943 pg/mL and 2,313 pg/mL, respectively. After 40 days of treatment with antimony and pentoxifylline, the ulcer resolved. The development of CL at the LST site suggests a strong Th1 immune response, and it is anin vivodocumentation of the role of the host immune response in the pathology of CL. It teaches us that LST should be cautiously, if at all, used in patients with self-healing CL ulcers.