bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuentes de energía en apendicectomía laparoscópica en un programa académico de Cirugía general en Colombia
Authors: Ariza Aníbal , Gaitán Laura , Marroquín Lina , Márquez Alfonso , Diaz-Castrillón Carlos E. , Torregrosa Almonacid Lilian
Published: August 2021

Introducción. La apendicectomía por laparoscopia se considera el patrón de oro en el tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda. Sin embargo, su disponibilidad es limitada en nuestro sistema de salud, principalmente por los costos asociados. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre el uso de los diferentes tipos de energía y los métodos de ligadura de la base apendicular, con las complicaciones postoperatorias, al igual que describir los costos asociados.

Métodos. Estudio observacional analítico de una cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes mayores de 15 años a quienes se les realizó apendicectomía por laparoscopia, en un hospital universitario entre los años 2014 y 2018. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística y lineal para evaluar la relación entre métodos de ligadura del meso y base apendicular, desenlaces operatorios y costos.

Resultados. Se realizaron 2074 apendicectomías por laparoscopia, 58,2 % (n=1207) en mujeres, la edad mediana fue de 32 años. En el 71,5 % (n=1483) la apendicitis aguda no fue complicada. La energía monopolar para la ligadura del meso apendicular fue la utilizada más frecuentemente en 57,2 % (n=1187) y el Hem-o-lok® el más utilizado para la ligadura de la base apendicular en el 84,8 % (n=1759) de los pacientes. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la tasa de infección del sitio operatorio, reintervención o íleo. El uso de energía simple redujo los costos del procedimiento de manera significativa durante el período evaluado.

Discusión. El uso de energía monopolar demostró ser una técnica segura, reproducible y de menor costo en comparación con el uso de energía bipolar, independientemente de la fase de la apendicitis aguda. Lo anterior ha permitido que se realicen más apendicectomías por laparoscopia y que los médicos residentes de cirugía general puedan realizar procedimientos laparoscópicos de forma más temprana.
Virtual vs Digital: Examples of Netnography and Digital Ethnography in Tourism Studies for a Comparison between Methods
Authors: Padricelli Giuseppe Michele , Punziano Gabriella , Saracino Barbara
Published: August 2021

With this paper our goal is to formalize the main differences between the applications of ethnographic techniques when they are framed in Virtual or Digital Methods. To be more systematic in presenting these differences, a synoptic table is offered. This table examines the main breaking points between the methods and is used to organize a marked comparison between two tourism studies chosen as being representative; one for the ethnographic application of Virtual Methods, and one for the ethnographic application of Digital Methods. In addition to testing the effectiveness of the proposed classification scheme, the purpose of the comparison conducted between the two tourism studies is to highlight where the changes that have occurred can lead to advances in the method and where these changes have become new limits on which it is necessary to continue to reflect in order to develop the methods involved and place them clearly in line with the evolution of the digital scenario. Keywords: Virtual Methods, Digital Methods, Netnography, Digital Ethnography, Tourism Studies.
Sonatas and Suites, Opus 8, Part 1
Authors: Albinoni Tomaso
Published: August 2021

These six sonatas and six suites demonstrate the expansive lyricism and the contrapuntal texture characteristic of Italian chamber music in the early 1700s. In the fast movements of the sonatas, the soloists play in canon, with occasional imitation in the bass part.
Harpsichord Music
Authors: Draghi Giovanni Battista
Published: August 2021

The harpsichord music of this expatriate resident of London appears here for the first time in a modern edition, revealing Draghi to be a composer of intensity and originality who made use of the models and prevailing style of his adopted country. Draghi was known in his day as an outstanding keyboard performer, and his existing output for harpsichord is considerably greater than that of his contemporaries Blow and Purcell. The idiomatic use of texture and a fine sensitivity to harpsichord sonority distinguish these pieces as estimable examples of Restoration keyboard music. This edition contains eighty-five solo keyboard works by Giovanni Battista Draghi.
Ver sacrum seu flores musici (Salzburg, 1677), Part 2
Authors: Hofer Andreas
Published: August 2021

Andreas Hofer's Ver sacrum seu flores musici is the first printed collection of paraliturgical music for the archiepiscopal court of Salzburg published in a modern edition, an important reparative to the overemphasis on the court's instrumental virtuosos, Heinrich Biber and Georg Muffat. The eighteen pieces of the collection are ordered liturgically, with each composition assigned to a specific feast day. Hofer's texts are a unique collection of centonized scripture, poetry, and prose, which, through creative manipulation of instrumentation, texture, and style, the composer musically dramatizes for the celebration of each feast. Referred to in the note to the reader as works “for the offertory” (despite the absence of any prescribed liturgical texts), these pieces demonstrate the malleable nature of the musical genre in the early modern period.
Anesthetic Management of Patient with Preeclampsia, Pulmonary Edema, and Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in Pregnancy Undergoing Caesarean Section: A Case Report
Authors: Tavianto Doddy , Sudjud Reza W , Barliana Putri C , Wijaya Indra
Published: August 2021

Preeclampsia is a disease that occurs in pregnancy after 20 weeks of gestation with manifestations involving multi organ systems such as pulmonary edema and ventricle dysfunction. Cardiomyopathy is a heart disorder characterized by myocardial dysfunction unrelated to any other previous heart disease. Case: A 31-year-old woman diagnosed with G1P0A0 full-term pregnancy, preeclampsia, pulmonary edema, cardiomyopathy, and fetal distress, who underwent cesarean section. On physical examination, shortness of breath was found in semi-Fowler position. Patient had high blood pressure and global hypokinesis was found on echocardiography results. She was planned for general anesthesia with semi-closed intubation technique and breath controlled. Anesthetic management should optimize the preoxygenation, provide positive pressure ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), maintain the minimal myocardial depressant effect of drugs, and maintain a normovolemic state. It could improve the good outcomes. Conclusion: Three things that must be considered when starting the induction are oxygenation, fluid status, and selection of drugs that do not make the heart work harder. The combination of fentanyl, midazolam, and sevoflurane is the drug of choice used for induction, because it can minimize the cardiac depressant effect.
Proportional Representation System Whether Significance for Bangladesh: An Analysis
Authors: Akter Nazma
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this article is to ensure free, fair and credible election by adopting electoral reformation, switch from `Winner Take All” (WTA) to Proportional Representation (PR) system. In Bangladesh the election process and election result both have been questioned. Nevertheless, election is one of the key components in ensuring democracy. Particularly the free, fair and credible election is one of the basic and crucial prerequisites and elements of democratic government and governance. Bangladesh, we found an under developed political culture, lack of democratic political organizations, institutions and practices in true sense. All these indicators have been almost failed to institutionalize democracy in Bangladesh. In this backdrop, this paper attempts to explain that, a switch from the current Winner Takes All (WTA) system to Proportional Representation (PR) system can reshape the election system by keeping consistency, because of the fact that the democracy means the rule of the majority but the minority can't be uprooted as well as Proportional Representation (PR) method can help stabilize democracy in Bangladesh.
Positive Mental Imagery and Mental Health amongst University Students in Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Akhtar , Blackwell Simon Edward , Margraf Jürgen
Published: August 2021

Objective: Mental health problems amongst university students pose a major public health challenge, and is particularly the case in Pakistan. Alongside broader societal and cultural pressures, cognitive factors likely also play a role in the development of and resilience to mental health problems and may provide a feasible target for interventions. The current study built on previous research in primarily European samples investigating the relationship between one cognitive factor, positive future-oriented mental imagery, and mental health, and aimed to extending this to university students in Pakistan.Method: The study used a cross-sectional design, with a sample of university students in Pakistan (N = 1838) completing measures of mental imagery and mental health either on paper (N = 1430) or online (N = 408). Results: Higher vividness of positive future-oriented mental imagery was associated with lower levels of depression symptoms and higher levels of positive mental health. In the sample completing the measures on paper, these relationships remained statistically significant even when controlling for socio-demographic and mental health-related variables. Conclusion: The results provide a foundation for further investigating positive mental imagery as a potential mechanism of mental health and intervention target amongst university students in Pakistan.
‘Hooks’ and ‘Anchors’ for relational ecosystem-based marine management
Authors: Macpherson Elizabeth Jane , Urlich Stephen C. , Rennie Hamish G. , Paul Adrienne , Fisher Karen , Braid Laura , Banwell Jill , Ventura Julia Torres , Jorgensen Eric
Published: August 2021

There remains uncertainty about the legal and policy tools, processes and institutions needed to support ecosystem-based marine management (EBM). This article relies on an interdisciplinary study of ecosystem-based language and approaches in the laws and policies of New Zealand, Australia and Chile, which uncovered important lessons for implementing EBM around the need to accept regulatory fragmentation, provide effective resourcing, respect and give effect to Indigenous rights, and avoid conflating EBM with conventional approaches to marine spatial planning. We suggest a new way of thinking about EBM as a ‘relational’ process; requiring laws, policies and institutions to support its dynamic process of dialogue, negotiation and adjustment. We argue that relational EBM can be best supported by a combination of detailed rule and institution-making (hooks) and high- level norm-setting (anchors). With its focus on relationships within and between humans and nature, relational EBM may enable new ways to secure cross-government collaboration and community buy-in, as well as having inbuilt adaptability to the dynamics of the marine environment and the impact of climate change at different scales.
STAKEHOLDER PERCEPTIONS AND MODEL OF ENGAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN ADJARA AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC
Authors: George Abuselidze  , Nino Devadze
Published: August 2021

As travel and tourism became one of the sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, the concept of sustainable tourism development becomes inevitable. In order to achieve sustainable development, special value is assigned to stakeholder engagement at all the stages of the development, from the policy formation to the project implementation. The paper analyses the stakeholder perceptions towards the sustainable tourism development based on the example of Autonomous Republic of Adjara, elaboration of necessary directions for practical realization of their engagement in the decision-making process is concluded. The quantitative data needed for research purposes were collected through a structured questionnaire. Respondents' opinions were established on the current state of tourism in the Autonomous Republic of Adjara and the strategy of subsequent development of the industry. The results show that different groups of stakeholders have different perceptions towards different attitudes, some of which are expressed in critical positions. On the basis of research results, the views of different groups of stakeholders is set out to ensure the further steps in the sustainable development of tourism and the stakeholder engagement model in the planning process is proposed.
Sustainable development aims for he what goals do they have to reach and where are they now?
Authors: Szendrei-Pál Eszter
Published: August 2021

The resources of our planet are limited. If humanity wishes to protect the Earth and leave behind a better place for the next generations than we got from our parents, a sustainable way of thinking must be involved in our everyday lives. Currently, the goal is to influence as many individuals as possible and teach them to make sustainable choices. The solution can be in our educational system. The main goal of this paper is to collect and systematize current programs, and their content in connection with HE sustainable development and introduce the associations, which support these changes. The paper will contain a SWOT assessment of Budapest Business School’s sustainability strategy, and hopefully, it could become a guidance for other HEIs where to start their changes.
Improving Agricultural Value Chain Financing: A Case Study of Seng Cu Rice Chain in Lao Cai Province, Vietnam
Authors: Lam Bui Thi , Cuong Tran Huu , Hao Le Thi Thanh , Lebailly Philippe
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, the value chain financing (AVCF) is considered as an effective agricultural financing approach in the world, however, its prevalence is still limited in developing countries, like Viet Nam. This paper analyses the financial gap between the demands and the actual credit obtained of the Seng Cu (SC) rice chain participants in Lao Cai. Cross-sectional data were collected from 160 face-to-face interviews with SC rice producers and from in-depth interviews with 31 other stakeholders involved in the chain (demand-side) and the representatives of district-branch banks (supply-side) in 2016 - 2017. Overall, almost chain actors had high financial demands, especially upland rice producers and the leading chain actor (TPC). However, they faced many credit constraints related to the strict risk-avoidance strategy and the collateral requirement of banks. Even the SC rice chain confirmed its high potential and many supportive linkages among them developed, the decision-making of banks on credit disbursements still depends on the individual capability of each chain actors, not the entire chain.  Thus, the recommendations for policymakers, producers, and agribusiness are suggested to enhance the financial sources going in the chain and the effectiveness of chain actors in the locality.
Factors Influencing Green Purchase Intention of Students: A Case Study at Vietnam National University of Agriculture
Authors: Loan Chu Thi Kim
Published: August 2021

The objective of the paper was to analyze factors influencing the green purchase intention of students through a case study at the Vietnam National University of Agriculture (VNUA), Hanoi, Vietnam. The primary data were collected from a survey of 121 undergraduate students in 2020. The study employed descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and multiple regression analysis. The survey indicated that VNUA students were highly concerned about the environment. Their green buying intention was significantly and positively affected by two groups of factors, including: (i) social influence and product knowledge; and (ii) environmental concerns and subjective norms; in which, the later group of factors has shown greater effects in this study. The study would help managers in formulating and implementing key measures to encourage students’ green purchase.
Protection of Geographical Indications in Vietnam: towards Raising the Participation of Producers
Authors: Minh Hanh Nguyen Thi , Anh Trinh Thi Ngoc , Yen Le Thi , Tuan Vu Van , Hai Nguyen Thanh
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to review the current situation of the Vietnamese geographical indication (GI) system from both the legal and practical perspectives. It examines how the top-down approach influences the effectiveness and sustainability of the whole system. Further, the paper refers to the European Union (EU)’s experiences, particularly those of France - a representative of the bottom-up approach - to examine whether a shift to the producer-driven approach in GIs is workable in Vietnam. The paper argues that more active roles should be vested on producers represented by their associations during the course of establishment and management of GIs. Taking into account the capacity of producers and their associations in this current stage, the paper suggests a transition period before the producers assume the leading role in the whole system. During that period, it is recommended to endorse the producers’ role through legal recognition of the producers’ representative organizations, capacity building, and awareness-raising for producers and their associations to achieve desirable outcomes for GI development.
Kristova krv: za mnoge ili za sve?
Authors: Turalija Dubravko
Published: August 2021

Druga od dviju formula koje se izgovaraju tijekom euharistijske pretvorbe okvir je zanimanja ovoga rada. Euharistijski izraz za mnoge, koji je u liturgiji preuzet iz Mt 26, 28 i Mk 14, 24 praćen je preko grčke izvorne riječi πολύς – polüs od njezine najranije pojave u LXX pa do posljednjega spominjanja u novozavjetnoj korespondenciji. Pri tome se došlo do nalaza da se u biblijskim tekstovima grčki pridjev πολύς, πολλή, πολύ (polüs, pollē, polü) u značenju ‘mnogi/a/o’ oslanja na semitsko značenje i predstavlja trodimenzionalni prsten, u kojem se ostvaruju tri teološke kategorije: sveobuhvatnost bića i pojmova, zatim usredotočenost objekta na svoj cilj i, najzad, neprocjenjivost količine i kvalitete sadržaja na koji je pridjev usmjeren. Tako bi euharistijski izraz za mnoge značio za sve, ali na koji način se sve to ostvaruje donosi tekst koji slijedi.
Challenges to the Moroccan economy during the pandemic
Authors: Makhmutova Maria I.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Moroccan economy, as well as the measures that have been taken by the kingdom's authorities to counter the negative consequences. It is noted that initially, all forecasts shortly before the health crisis concerning Rabat were not objective, since they could not take into account future changes in the world. Thus, Morocco counted on dynamic development in 2020.
However, the sudden wave of the pandemic has made a dramatic difference. Important sectors of the economy have been disrupted as global trade chains have been affected. Moreover, Morocco's dependence on foreign capital also demonstrated the fragility of the domestic market. In particular, the kingdom faced an investment freeze and a reduction in foreign exchange remittances by representatives of the Moroccan diaspora abroad. The tourism sector suffered the most, negative shifts were noted in the automotive production, as well as fluctuations affected the country's banking sector, which is dependent on French partners.
To neutralize such a strong blow to the Moroccan economy, the government took the path of increasing foreign loans, which led to an increase in debt to 80% of GDP in 2021. To mitigate challenges in the domestic market, Rabat began to develop a number of programs to help the private sector. They affected micro, small and medium businesses. By introducing them, the government expects that by issuing concessional loans, it will be able to achieve a quick revival of small enterprises. In turn, this will reduce unemployment and, possibly, resume the previous volume of tax deductions.
“Кazakh people should bow low to her”: Irina Viktorovna Erofeeva (1953 – 2020)
Authors: Panarin Sergei A.
Published: August 2021

Irina Erofeeva won a universal recognition as the best expert in the political history of Kazakhstan of late 15th – early 19th centuries. The President of Kazakhstan responded to her death with a telegram of condolences. Kazakh journalists called her a female batyr, whom Kazakhs should bow deeply to. Her own books and her perfectly adjusted, commented and supplied with notes and indexes publications of sources on the history of Kazakhs, appeared to become in a great demand at the time when the former Soviet Kazakhstan has been transforming itself into an independent state. What is most impressive, in none of her oeuvres did she deviate from the principle of verifying her conclusions with a critically tested empirical evidence.
In the focus of her interest were also the history of Russians and Germans in Kazakhstan and the monuments of Buddhism dating back to the Dzungarian expansion in the Kazakh steppe. She became one of the initiators of a comprehensive study on the remnants of the Buddhist monastery Ablai-Hit and one of the authors for a corresponding collective monograph. Yet, the masterpiece of her scholarly career is two-volume edition of the letters of the Kazakh ruling elite in the period from year 1675 to year 1821. She came up with the very idea of a unique collection that absorbed 811 messages, of which four-fifths were never published; wrote biographies of the authors of the letters and several research articles for the supplement; prepared the introduction and comments; edited 1,800 pages, and, found generous sponsors and sophisticated publishers.
Royal women-sistrophoroi: to the interpretation of sistrum symbolism un cultic practice of the New Kingdom Period
Authors: Bolshakov Vladimir A.
Published: August 2021

The present article deals with the symbolism of the sistrum in the cultic and ceremonial practice of the New Kingdom period. As a sacred musical instrument, closely associated with Hathor and other goddesses identified with her (Tefnut, Sakhmet, Bastet, Iusaas, Nebet-Hetepet), the sistrum of two types (sSSt and sxm) was widely used in performing various religious rituals and ceremonies.
Since the dominant type in the iconography of the king’s wives and mothers of the New Kingdom is their image playing the sistrum/sistra, the author focuses primarily on the main female representatives of the royal family. The article provides a brief overview of iconography, laudatory epithets of royal women and accompanying inscriptions to the use of sistra. A study of official cultic and ceremonial scenes with royal women shaking sistra, allows the author to define three main objects of veneration: a. gods; b. goddesses; c. king.
The author also puts into doubt the interpretation widespread in modern Egyptology, according to which, the sexual energy of the supreme deity was stimulated through playing music. Moreover, the absence of the important title “god’s wife/hand” in the protocol of some royal women does not allow reducing their cultic role to the personification of the consort/daughter of a solar deity. A critical approach to this interpretation makes it possible to state that playing sistra was not an exclusively female prerogative and was not limited to the strict opposition “royal woman – god”. Besides, one can conclude that the use of sistra as liturgical objects was a prerequisite for performing offering rituals.
Measuring thermal conductivity of frozen soil using fiber optic sensors
Authors:   School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Wu Bing , Zhu Hong-Hu ,   State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cao Dingfeng ,   School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University
Published: August 2021

The thermal conductivity is crucial for determining heat transfer in frozen soil. However, it is a challenge to obtain accurate measurement values due to the instability of soil properties. Recently, the fiber optic sensing technologies has enabled accurate and distributed in-situ monitoring of a variety of geotechnical parameters. This paper aims to explore the feasibility of actively heated fiber Bragg grating (AH-FBG) method in measuring thermal conductivity of frozen soil. A series of laboratory experiments were performed on frozen soil samples at different initial temperatures from −16 to 5 ℃. The theoretical upper and lower limits of thermal conductivity were used to evaluate the AHFBG measurements. The thermal conductivity recorded by a heat transfer analyzer was used to identify the measurement accuracy. The experimental results that the AH-FBG method can accurately measure the thermal conductivity of frozen soil when the initial temperature is below −6 ℃, and the measurement error is within acceptable range of 0.8%. When the soil temperature is between −6 and 0 ℃, significant measurement errors were observed due to the disturbance of heating to the frozen soil.
A Case of Irritant Contact Dermatitis Mimicking as Localized Bullous Pemphigoid.
Authors: Ramesh A. , Kannan Rajkumar , Daniel Samuel Jeyaraj , Bhuvana M.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: 19 years old adult male a college going scholar presented to the Derm OPD, with complaints of   multiple clear fluid filled lesions over left forearm around the hemodialysis fistula site.  Patient gave history of applying thrombophob ointment over fistula site, which led to development of tense blisters filled with clear fluid that mimics localized bullous pemphigoid, where in appropriate and adequate investigations proved it to be a case of Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Thrombophob ointment which contains benzyl nicotinate and heparin applied over the hemodialysis fistula site leads to bullous lesions of Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD)which  mimics as localized bullous pemphigoid over fistula site.

Keywords: Hemodialysis fistula site,Irritant Contact Dermatitis,  localized Bullous Pemphigoid.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ АДМІНІСТРУВАННЯ ПОДАТКІВ: ВАЖЕЛІ ПРОТИДІЇ УХИЛЕННЮ ВІД ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ
Authors: Ліхоносова Ганна Сергіївна , Мартиненко Катерина Романівна
Published: August 2021

No country in the world, no matter how hard it tries, could not, cannot and will not be able to get rid of the informal economy. The reality is that today, according to various experts, from one third to more than half of Ukraine's GDP is created in the informal sector of the economy. The informal economy in Ukraine is not a separate phenomenon, but the result of a systemic economic crisis, it affects all areas of economic activity, including the efficiency of the tax system, which in turn affects the stability and power of the state. For its part, one of the signs of the effectiveness of the tax system is the scale of the use of tax evasion schemes. The purpose of the article is to study the processes of tax administration from the standpoint of providing socially responsible service of the state fiscal service of Ukraine, the use of levers to combat tax evasion, provide recommendations for reducing the informal sector and the main schemes of tax evasion in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the informal sector and methods of preventing one of the consequences - tax evasion. Methods used in the study: systems analysis, economic and statistical methods, information processing, the method of logical generalization of results, expert assessments, etc. Presenting main material. The article examines the main trends in employment in the informal sector of the national economy. The essence of the concept of tax evasion and the reasons for it were revealed. The most common schemes as a result of which the budget of Ukraine suffers the greatest losses are indicated, during which proposals to improve tax administration as a significant lever for minimizing tax offenses in the field of tax evasion within the informal sector of the economy were identified. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of using the developed recommendations for independent analysis of the economic situation in Ukraine. Conclusions and further prospects of the study. An analysis of various tax evasion mechanisms has shown that most of them are due to lack of control by fiscal authorities, weak level of development of the system of electronic administration of goods and funds between businesses and the inability to properly calculate and pay taxes. Therefore, from the proposed recommendations to reduce the amount and loss of the budget from tax evasion schemes within the informal sector of the economy, we can highlight that consistency is key. First of all, according to the priorities arising from the current rating, these are measures aimed at combating aggressive tax planning. This should be followed by the completion of VAT administration reform and, importantly, a further significant reduction in the share of the state, which should provide fiscal space for a significant reduction in income tax and abolition of labor tax, but this takes more time due to various problems in the country.
РОЗВИТОК НАУКОВИХ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ СПРАВЕДЛИВЕ ЦІНОУТВОРЕННЯ В РЕСПУБЛІЦІ БІЛОРУСЬ
Authors: Макрак Світлана Василівна , Тетёркина Алла Михайлівна , Кохнович Ірина Миколаївна
Published: August 2021

Insufficient efficiency of agriculture, its place and role in the system of the national economy predetermine the need to develop scientific provisions for the fair prices formation within the framework of relations between participants in the agri-food market. Purpose of article. Determine the fair price concept specifics for agricultural products, substantiate the functions and factors of its formation, identify the shortcomings of the current pricing policy in the agricultural sector of Belarus, formulate directions for improving the mechanism of state regulation of the industry development. The object of research is the mechanism of pricing for agricultural products in the Republic of Belarus. Methods used in research. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study was the domestic and foreign scientists works on pricing and the formation of the food cost. During the research, the following methods were used: monographic, abstract-logical, normative, synthesis and system analysis, etc.  The hypothesis of the study. Achieving fair prices for rural products requires improving the practice of determining them. Presentation of the main material. The article presents the author's position in relation to the development of scientific and methodological approaches to fair pricing of agricultural products, which are based on the analysis of the agri-food products multi-link value chain. Originality and practical value. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the substantiation of theoretical approaches, principles and directions for the formation of fair prices for agricultural products, taking into account the specifics of the industry and the emerging intersectoral relations. Conclusions. Achieving a fair price is possible only through the implementation of the principles, laws and regularities of "justice" within the framework of the formation of effective relationships between business entities and the observance of national interests.
The Path of Promoting the Innovation of Teachers' Teaching Idea in School-based Teaching Research
Authors: Meng Yanan
Published: August 2021

In the basic teaching reform, school-based teaching research belongs to a very important topic, so how can we integrate the new curriculum reform idea with the teachers' teaching idea reform and set up new teaching requirements and objectives? This is the most typical problem confronted by the majority of teachers in the actual teaching at this stage. In order to solve the problem effectively, it is necessary to carry out diversified teaching activities with "school-based teaching research" as the starting point, so as to set up a new teaching mechanism with rich connotation and various forms and realize the overall improvement of teaching quality. In this paper, the author conduct initial discussion on the characteristics and significance of school-based teaching research, and then think about the ways to promote teachers' teaching idea innovation in school-based teaching research, hoping to comprehensively improve the teaching level of China.
Exploring Effects of the Second Language Motivational Self System on Chinese EFL Learners’ Willingness to Communicate in English and Implications for L2 Education
Authors: Li Tianhao , Liu Zhenqian
Published: August 2021

This study explores how the three components of L2 motivational self-system (Ideal L2 self, Ought-to L2 self and Learning experience) influence Chinese college students’ willingness to communicate in English using a mixure of methods which include a questionnaire survey and individual interviews. Results show that Chinese college students’ ideal L2 self and learning experience would influence their L2 WTC significantly. Students who have a high level of ideal L2 self and more positive English learning experiences are more willing to use English to communicate inside and outside the classroom. Students’ ought-to L2 self has no significant correlation with their L2 WTC. Findings of the study offers some possible implications to improve Chinese college students’ low motivation in English learning and low willingness to use English to communicate.
The Ecological Approach To The Study of Medan Belawan Sub District
Authors: Rara Ayu Rati Kumala Dewi
Published: August 2021

The ecological approach is the study of the spatial and temporal relations of human beings as affected by the selective, distributive, and accommodative forces of the environment. This condition also stimulates industrial growth, both large, medium, small, and the housing industry. In 2019, it was noted that there were 28 large medium industries, 150 small industries, and 73 home industries. Industrial growth has stimulated the growth of settlements in this region where the growth of the settlements follows the growth of the industry itself. This has caused the area around the industry to have transformed into a densely populated area. The results of the study show that Medan Belawan Sub-District is an area that grows, and its development is influenced by the coast.
The Role of Community in Sustainable Tourism. Case Study: Girsang Simpangan Bolon
Authors: Fakhry Perdana Koara
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Sustainable tourism must consider three aspects of sustainability, namely economic, social and environmental aspects. To support sustainable tourism development, the community's role in tourism development or Tourism Based Community (TBC) is one of the critical principles that must be fulfilled because it is the component closest to and tied to regional tourism. This research examines the community's role in Girsang Sipangan Bolon District, Simalungun Regency in the development of sustainable tourism. The study uses quantitative methods by collecting data through distributing questionnaires. The observations show that the participation of local communities related to sustainable tourism in Girsang Sipangan Bolon is classified as good with an overall average score of 3.8 out of 4.5 for several indicators of local community participation in sustainable tourism
Economic Impacts of Development Tourism Activities in Pangururan District, Samosir Regency Indonesia
Authors: Nanda Sofia, S.T
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The tourism sector dramatically affects the economic growth of an area, where tourism activities are expected to minimize poverty levels and manage local communities. However, the economic impact on tourism development activities is essential to note, addition to having a positive impact on tourism development activities it also has a negative impact. This study aims to see the extent of the impact that occurs in the Pangururan Regency in activities. The method used in this research is a qualitative study method through descriptive journals and literature studies. Economy development from tourism has a significant impact on regional tourism revenues. The results of this study are expected to measure the extent of the impact of economic development on the tourism sector. And moreover results are expected to help the government in developing tourism programs in Pangururan Samosir District which can increase tourists visiting both the tourism season and the semi-quiet season.
Study of Thermal Comfort in Traditional House Buildings (Case Study: Simalungun Traditional House)
Authors: Vinky Rahman  , Luqman Hadi Wibowo
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Traditional houses were formed over a long period and are believed to be hereditary responsive to the surrounding physical and socio-cultural environment. Traditional Architecture is a building whose shape, decoration and method of implementation are passed down from generation to generation. Traditional architecture is a reflection of the values and culture that the community has interpreted. The adaptation of residents in the house is carried out by optimizing the positive potential of the surrounding environment and minimizing disturbances related to the comfort of living. The research problem is how the level of thermal comfort in the traditional house of Simalungun. The purpose of this study is to analyze the thermal comfort of the study object of the Simalungun traditional house. To determine the thermal conditions inside and outside the building, Measurements of temperature and humidity were carried out. Measurement data were analyzed and compared with Ecotech simulation data. The results of research carried out directly and simulating using Ecotech. This Simalungun traditional house can be categorized as having optimal comfort in terms of its physical physiological aspects and simulate using Ecotech simulations. As for the benefits of the research, it is hoped that it can provide knowledge about the thermal comfort of traditional houses, especially the traditional houses of Simalungun.
Institutional Barriers Contribute to Low College Completion Rates
Authors: Abele Lawrence
Published: August 2021

Institutions contribute to low college graduation rates by creating barriers. These are six common ones: degree requirements poorly described, not offering needed courses, unnecessary registration holds, inappropriate placement of transfer credits, financial aid policies that do not benefit the most needy students and not recommending students complete 30 hours a year. All of these barriers can be removed at little or no cost to the institution.
Learning How to Tailor Programmatic Offerings to Support Low-income, First-generation, and Racially Minoritized Student Success
Authors: Kezar Adrianna , Perez Rosemary J. , Kitchen Joseph A. , Hallett Ronald E.
Published: August 2021

This study focused on the process of how the staff at the Thompson Scholars Learning Community (TSLC), a comprehensive college transition program, tailored the programmatic offerings to meet the needs of low-income, first generation and racialized minority students. Because college students are complex individuals, each of whom faces a unique set of challenges and opportunities, it is reasonable to hypothesize that tailoring support services to the multiple needs of each student may make them more effective. The research identifies a four-part iterative and cyclical process to tailor the programmatic offerings for students – beginning with the individual student and then using information about individual needs to scale to broader group level tailoring.  This broadening or scaling process is a new contribution to the literature that has not previously been identified.  The tailored approach we identified works at both individual and group levels, which makes it viable as an intervention for large numbers of students. The effort to attend to and learn about individual students ensures that the intervention still meets the needs of individuals, but the testing of these interventions more broadly allows for understanding how these approaches will work for diverse group level tailoring.
PIJAT BAYI MEMPENGARUHI BERAT BADAN BAYI DAN POLA TIDUR BAYI USIA 2-6 BULAN
Authors: Dinengsih Sri , Yustiana Refina Eka
Published: August 2021

BABY MASSAGE INFLUENCES A BABY'S WEIGHTAND SLEEP PATTERNS FOR 2-6 MONTHS AGEBackground babies are very sensitive and delicate creatures, have needs that must be met, including physical, biological and emotional needs. Optimal growth and development of babies often experience disturbances or obstacles, one of which is weight gain and baby sleep patterns. Purpose of this study was to determine the effect of baby massage on weight gain and sleep patterns for babies aged 2-6 months in BPM Bidan E Kurnia Garut Regency in 2020. Methods is a pre-experimental design, with a pre-experimental research design with Intact-Group. Comparison. The samples of this study were 48 babies, 24 babies as the experimental group and 24 babies as the control group. Data collection used observation sheets. Data analysis used the T test. Results showed that the baby's weight in the control group was 6137.5 grams, while in the experimental group the baby's weight was 6729.2 grams. The baby's sleep pattern in the control group was 12.7 hours, while in the experimental group the sleep pattern was 14.6 hours. Conclusion there is an effect of infant massage on weight gain and sleep patterns in infants. Suggestion:Improving health education, counseling and demonstrations about infant massage to mothers Keywords: Massage baby, body weight, sleep patterns ABSTRAK Latar Belakang bayi merupakan makhluk yang sangat peka dan halus, memiliki kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi meliputi kebutuhan fisik, biologis serta emosi. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi yang optimal sering sekali mengalami gangguan atau hambatan salah satunya adalah kenaikan berat badan dan pola tidur bayi.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk  mengetahui pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap peningkatan berat badan dan pola tidur bayi usia 2-6 bulan di BPM Bidan E Kurnia Kabupaten Garut Tahun 2020.Metode penelitian Pre-experimental design, dengan desain penelitian pre-eksperimen dengan pretest dan post test desain. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 48 bayi, 24 bayi sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan 24 bayi sebagai kelompok kontrol. Pengumpulan data menggunakn lembar observasi.Analisis data menggunakan uji T independent.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berat badan bayi pada kelompok kontrol adalah 6137,5 gram, sedangkan pada kelompok eksperimen berat badan bayi adalah 6729,2 gram. pola tidur bayi pada kelompok kontrol adalah 12,7 jam, sedangkan pada kelompok eksperimen pola tidurnya adalah 14,6 jam.Kesimpulan ada pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap peningkatan berat badan dan pola tidur pada bayi .Saran  meningkatkan pendidikan kesehatan, penyuluhan dan demonstrasi tentang pijat bayi kepada ibu Kata Kunci : Pijat bayi, berat badan, pola tidur
Refined HLA-DPB1 mismatch with molecular algorithms predicts outcomes in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Zou Jun , Kongtim Piyanuch , Oran Betül , Kosmoliaptsis Vasilis , Carmazzi Yudith , Ma Junsheng , Li Liang , Rondon Gabriela , Srour Samer , Copley Hannah C. , Partlow David , Ciurea Stefan O. , Greenbaum Uri , Ma Qing , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Champlin Richard E. , Cao Kai
Published: August 2021

HLA-DPB1 mismatches between donor and recipient are commonly seen in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from an unrelated donor. HLA-DPB1 mismatch, conventionally determined by the similarity of the T-cell epitope (TCE), is associated with an increased risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and a decreased risk of disease relapse. We investigated the clinical impact of HLA-DPB1 molecular mismatch quantified by mismatched eplets (ME) and the Predicted Indirectly Recognizable HLA Epitopes Score (PS) in a cohort of 1,514 patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplants from unrelated donors matched at HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1/3/4/5, and - DQB1 loci. HLA-DPB1 alloimmunity in the graft-versus-host direction, determined by high graft-versus-host ME/PS, was associated with a reduced risk of relapse (hazard ratio [HR]=0.83, P=0.05 for ME) and increased risk of grade 2-4 acute GVHD (HR=1.44, P<0.001 for ME), whereas high host-versus-graft ME/PS was only associated with an increased risk of grade 2-4 acute GVHD (HR=1.26, P=0.004 for ME). Notably, in the permissive mismatch subgroup classified by TCE grouping, high host-versus-graft ME/PS was associated with an increased risk of relapse (HR=1.36, P=0.026 for ME) and grade 2-4 acute GVHD (HR=1.43, P=0.003 for PS-II). Decision curve analysis showed that graftversus- host ME outperformed other models and provided the best clinical net benefit for the modification of acute GVHD prophylaxis regimens in patients with a high risk of developing clinically significant acute GVHD. In conclusion, molecular assessment of HLA-DPB1 mismatch enables separate prediction of host-versus-graft or graft-versus-host alloresponse quantitatively and allows further refinement of HLA-DPB1 permissiveness as defined by conventional TCE grouping.
Optimalisasi sistem kelas virtual berbasis google classroom dan hipnoterapi
Authors: Rachayu Imma , Selviani Diah
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to optimize the virtual classroom system based on google classroom and hypnotherapy during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method uses qualitative research, namely literature, interviews, the making process, implementation and evaluation. The results showed that of the 37 students there were 27 students who worked on assignments and exam questions on time based on the agreed time before the exam started with a percentage of 73%. While 10 people have not been able to be on time in doing the assignments and exam questions that have been given with a percentage of 27%. The cause based on the interview were network limitations. In this study it can be concluded that the optimization of the virtual class system is able to provide benefits in the use of google classrooms for lecturers and students during the Covid-19 pandemic by providing assignments, assessment schemes, active communication in discussing material, time efficiency in the learning process. In line with the learning process students are given suggestions in their subconscious mind to stay focused and concentrate on the lecture material and be able to manage their positive thought patterns and actions in accordance with the expectations of lecturers and parents.
Survei penerapan permainan tradisional dalam pembelajaran penjasorkes di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Ipuh Kabupaten Mukomuko
Authors: Ramadhan Ramadhan
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine a survey of the application of traditional games in physical education learning in elementary schools in Ipuh sub-district, Mukomuk district in the 2019/2020 academic year. Which is motivated by the fact that some physical education teachers in elementary schools in Ipuh sub-district have not implemented traditional games. This research is a descriptive quantitative research. The method used is a survey. Research instrument in the form of a questionnaire sheet. The subjects of this study were 12 physical education teachers in elementary schools in Ipuh sub-district, Mukomuko district. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis, which was stated in the form of a percentage. From the results of the survey research on the application of traditional games in physical education learning in elementary schools in Ipuh sub-district, Mukomuko district in the 2019/2020 academic year, the standardized traditional game factors have been applied with a percentage of 71.6%, not applied with a percentage of 28.4%, and game factors. traditional which has not been standardized is applied with a percentage of 50%, not applied with a percentage of 50%. Overall it was applied with a percentage of 60.8%, and not with a percentage of 39.2%.