bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRELATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX WITH BLOOD PRESSURE SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC STUDY IN FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITAS SWADAYA GUNUNG JATI
Authors: Sriwiyati Kati , Akbar Namusy Muhamad , Weni Mustika
Published: April 2024

Background: An increase in body mass index significantly excess fat in the body. It can affect blood pressure through sympathetic nerve pathways, renin-angiostensin and inflammation. Fat deposits on blood vessel walls cause atherosclerosis, narrowing, increasing blood pressure, and increasing heart work. So that BMI can be a contributing factor to cardiovascular disease. Objective: Knowing the correlation between body mass index and blood pressure in medical students of Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati (UGJ) Methods: This research is an analytic observational study with a Cross Sectional design. The correlation analysis method uses the Spearman rank correlation test. The measuring instruments used include weight scales, microtoice, and digital tension. Respondents totaled 262 preclinic students from the Faculty of Medicine UGJ. Results: Based on the spearman rank correlation test, a significant correlation was found between body mass index with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The p-value for both is (p=0.000), indicating a correlation. The strength of the correlation was weak positive with values of (r=0.375) for systolic blood pressure and (r=0.337) for diastolic blood pressure. That is, higher the BMI of a person, the higher the blood pressure. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation with weak positive strength between body mass index with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in Medical Students. Keywords: Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, Faculty od Medicine, Hypertension, Obesity
Factors Associated with The Choice of Place of Delivery in Coastal Communities in The Working Area of Bonegunu Community Health Center North Buton District
Authors: Hamsah Sitti Al Aaliatin , Saimin Juminten , Zainuddin Asnia
Published: April 2024

Background: Delivery assistance by health workers in North Buton District in 2022 was still very low at 89.7% and delivery at non-health facilities was 10.3%. At Puskesmas Bonegunu, the coverage of delivery at health facilities was 61.4%, and delivery at non-health facilities was 38.6%. Purpose: To analyze the factors related to the choice of place of delivery in North Buton Regency. Methods: A cross-sectional study design among 127 respondents. The research sample was taken by using total sampling technique. The research data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression tests. Results: test of the relationship between access and the choice of place of delivery obtained values (p = 0.000), socio-cultural (p = 0.002), family support (p = 0.010), knowledge (p = 0.028), and income (p = 0.000). Conclusion: access, socio-culture, family support, knowledge, and income are related to the choice of place of delivery in the coastal community in the working area of the Bonegunu Health Center
Clinical Profile of Pediatric Patients with Steroid-resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Treated by Cyclophosphamide, Cyclosporin A, Mycophenolate Mofetile and Tacrolimus in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital
Authors: Widiasta Ahmedz , Jambak Muhammad Khalid , Sekarwana Nanan
Published: April 2024

Background: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome is a major cause of chronic kidney disease in children and adolescents. These diseases require appropriate management, while in some developing countries; the availability of agents recommended by international guidelines is very limited. Research objectives: To determine and describe the patient profiles of pediatric Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome (SRNS) that use Cyclophosphamide (CPA), Cyclosporine(CyA), Tacrolimus, and Mycofenolat Mofetil (MMF) in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital (RSHS), Bandung as a tertiary hospital in West Java, Indonesia. Methods and materials: This research used a retrospective study with crosssectional study design, total sampling method and medical record of pediatric (1-18 years old) patients from January 1st 2017–September 31st 2019 who were diagnosed as SRNS. Results : From 99 subjects that belonged to inclusion criteria, 35.4% pediatric SRNS patients were in the age group 6-10 years and 60.6% were males. Laboratorium profiles showed among all population, ureum <100 mg/dL were found as high as 97%, creatinine 0.3-1.0 mg/dL (71.7%) albumin >2,5 gr/dL (51.5%), negative hematuria (68.7%) , protein dipstick < 3 (50.5%), and LFG > 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (79.8%).. The patients generally had use CPA (87.9%) and remission <6 month (51.5%). Conclusion: Profiles of pediatric patients are important to diagnose and prognose SRNS. By using these approaches, it is feasible to access and detect the most effective treatment for SRNS.
The Effect Of Sensory-Motor Virtual Reality on Balance in Children with Clinical Down Syndrome
Authors: Yunus Fanny Thresia , Widagda I Made , Isma Rahmi
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Down syndrome affects approximately one in every 800 live births and leads to musculoskeletal disorders and motor skill delays. Children with down syndrome experience persistent deficits in balance and coordination. Virtual reality (VR) offers an interactive and immersive approach to therapy and has gained popularity in rehabilitation. This study explores the effect of sensory-motor virtual reality (VR SenMor) on static and dynamic balance in children with clinical down syndrome. Methods: A randomized controlled trial with a pre and post-test control group design was conducted with 20 children diagnosed with down syndrome. Treatment group (n = 10) received VR SenMor therapy twice a week for four weeks, while the control group (n = 10) received no treatment. Balance assessments were conducted using the pediatric balance scale (PBS) and timed up and go (TUG) test before and after the intervention. Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, or BMI between the intervention and control groups. The VR SenMor therapy resulted in significant improvements in the PBS and TUG test scores in the intervention group compared to the control group. Discussion: VR SenMor therapy enhanced balance in children with down syndrome, with no confounding effects from age and gender. The VR system's sensory integration feedback and neuroplasticity mechanisms contributed to the improvements. The treatment's positive outcomes make it a promising approach for balance training at home. Conclusion: Sensory-motor virtual reality therapy shows promise in enhancing static and dynamic balance in children with clinical down syndrome.
The Effect of Galoba (Hornstedtia sp.) Fruit Extract on Malondialdehyde (MDA) Serum Level of Hyperglycemic Mice (Mus musculus) Streptozotocin-Induced
Authors: Rumengan Yuan Ivani , Kusadhiani Indrawanti , Agustin Rachmawati Dwi
Published: April 2024

Background: Hyperglycemia or increased blood sugar levels is a sign of diabetes mellitus. In hyperglycemia, there will be an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the body so that it will lead to a state of oxidative stress characterized by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Galoba fruit is an endemic fruit in Maluku Province that contains antioxidants. Antioxidants contained in galoba fruit can help endogenous antioxidants to overcome oxidative stress. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of galoba fruit extract on serum MDA levels of hyperglycemia mice induced by streptozotocin. Methods: This study is an experimental study with post-test only control group design and random sampling. The sample consisted of 24 mice divided into 6 groups, namely normal control (KN), negative control (K-), positive control (K+), treatment 1 (P1), treatment 2 (P2), and treatment 3 (P3). The KN group was only given a standard diet, the K- group was only induced streptozotocin, the K+ group was induced streptozotocin and treated with metformin for 21 days, and the P1, P2, and P3 groups were induced streptozotocin and given galoba fruit extract concentrations of 100%, 75%, and 50% for 21 days. After treatment, the mice were dissected to collect blood serum from the heart of the mice to measure MDA levels. Serum MDA levels were measured by the TBARS method. Results: The average serum MDA levels of the KN, K-, K+, P1, P2, and P3 groups were 358.75 nmol/mg, 1278.75 nmol/mg, 522.08 nmol/mg, 526.16 nmol/mg, 442.66 nmol/mg, and 432.41 nmol/mg. MDA data obtained was then tested with one way ANOVA and obtained a value of p=0.00 (<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the Tukey test, both P1, P2, and P3 have the same effect on reducing serum MDA levels of mice after being induced by streptozotocin with P3 providing the greatest decrease.
Case Report: Successful Management of Ischemic Stroke Patients with Pneumonia, Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension in The ICU
Authors: Nugroho Taufik Eko , Widodo Untung
Published: April 2024

Background: Stroke is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Although neurological complications are the leading cause of death, half of acute stroke patients may die from other medical complications, including pulmonary infections. Case Presentation: It has been reported that a patient aged 65 years with ischemic stroke was treated in the ICU accompanied by diabetes mellitus, acute kidney injury, and hypertension. During treatment in the ICU, the patient experienced complications of pneumonia. The patient underwent endotracheal intubation and ventilator installation as well as a percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT). During treatment, the patient received antibiotic therapy, blood sugar regulation with insulin, and administration of antihypertensive drugs. The patient experienced clinical improvement and was discharged from the ICU after 18 days of treatment and was subsequently treated in the HCU. Conclusion: The length of stay of stroke patients in the ICU requires attention, especially the problem of nosocomial infections that may accompany the patient during the treatment. If there is an infection or other complications, an appropriate selection of antibiotics and supportive therapy is necessary during treatment.
Analisis Kebijakan Dalam Penetapan Daerah Pemilihan Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2024
Authors: Sasadara Hapsari
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana proses kerja Institusi berdasarkan pendekatan Neo Institusional yang berfokus pada relasi antar aktor dalam penetapan Daerah Pemilihan (DAPIL) di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Penetapan dapil merupakan bagian penting dari proses partai politik serta keterwakilan wilayah dalam sistem pemilu karena akan berkaitan dengan kuatnya sistem presidencil sehingga menyebabkan pola penyederhanaan partai semakin minim. Maka seringkali ditemukan isu penambahan dapil memunculkan perdebatan antar partai politik karena banyak partai kecil merasa belum memiliki kesiapan sebab persaingan perebutan kursi semakin ketat dan menguntungkan partai besar. Untuk itu dalam menganalisis proses kebijakan dari adanya penambahan dapil di Kabupaten Banyuwangi, peneliti menggunakan teori IAD ( Institusional Analysis and Development ) oleh Elinor Ostrom sehingga dapat diketahui bagaimana bentuk regulasi, karakteristik komunitas, kondisi biofisik serta relasi antar aktor pada arena aksi yang dapat mempengaruhi proses pendapilan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni kualitatif jenis studi kasus melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa partai besar berhasil dalam mempengaruhi penambahan dapil di Kabupaten Banyuwangi dari 5 Dapil menjadi 8. Diantara prosesnya yaitu terdapat relasi yang terhubung antara partai politik dengan komisi 2 DPR RI yang mana hal ini dapat menjadi dominasi politik keputusan di KPU RI. Maka dari itu penambahan dapil ini dinilai tidak efisien karena terbukti akan banyak penambahan kursi yang didapat oleh partai besar sehingga muncul kurangnya keadilan bagi partai kecil.
Current status and potential of circular agricultural economy for sustainable development in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Minh Vo Quang , Vu Pham Thanh , Thuy Nguyen Minh , Huong Huynh Thi Thu , Dang Pham Cam
Published: April 2024

The study evaluates the circular economy's present state and its potential to advance sustainable agricultural development in Vietnam's Mekong Delta. The study has reviewed data, inherited, compared and synthesized the cycle of agricultural models, thereby making suitable recommendations for land use models. The results show that the current models can apply the cycle of models, ensuring efficiency in economic, social and environmentally sustainable development, including items and by-products of the most popular agricultural farming models that people use to generate things like rice, beef, wood, lotus seeds and fruit trees. The by-products of production and harvesting, such as straw, rice straw, rice husk, bones, fish skin, fruit tree sawdust, bagasse etc., are still plentiful but have not yet been fully utilized. Using circular economy in agricultural models can help improve economic and social efficiency and support and effectively exploit resources and human resources. Thereby orienting the cyclic model development, building product linkage chains, efficiently using resources, which can increase models' efficiency and simultaneously protecting the environment sustainability.
Evaluating the Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition
Authors: Park Jinse , Oh Eungseok , Koh Seong-Beom , Song In-Uk , Ahn Tae-Beom , Kim Sang Jin , Cheon Sang-Myung , Kim Yoon-Joong , Cho Jin Whan , Ma Hyeo-Il , Park Mee Young , Baik Jong Sam , Lee Phil Hyu , Chung Sun Ju , Kim Jong-Min , Kim Han-Joon , Sung Young-Hee , Kwon Do Young , Lee Jae-Hyeok , Lee Jee-Young , Kim Ji Seon , Yun Ji Young , Kim Hee Jin , Hong Jin Yong , Kim Mi-Jung , Youn Jinyoung , Yang Hui-Jun , Yoon Won Tae , You Sooyeoun , Kwon Kyum-Yil , Lee Su-Yun , Kim Younsoo , Kim Hee-Tae , Kim Joong-Seok , Kim Ji-Young
Published: April 2024

Objective The Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) was developed to assess cognition in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the SCOPACog (K-SCOPA-Cog).Methods We enrolled 129 PD patients with movement disorders from 31 clinics in South Korea. The original version of the SCOPA-Cog was translated into Korean using the translation-retranslation method. The test–retest method with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used to assess reliability. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version (MOCA-K) and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) were used to assess concurrent validity.Results The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.797, and the ICC was 0.887. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation with the K-MMSE and MOCA-K scores (r = 0.546 and r = 0.683, respectively).Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the K-SCOPA-Cog has good reliability and validity.
The Impact of Migration on Productivity: Evidence from the United Kingdom
Authors: Campo Francesco , Forte Giuseppe , Portes Jonathan
Published: April 2024

The UK saw a sharp rise in work-related migration, particularly from the EU, in the 2000s and 2010s, with profound impacts on the labour market. We investigate the relationship between migration and productivity in Great Britain between 2002 and 2018, using an instrumental variable approach which follows the commonly used shift-share methodology. Our results, which are robust to a variety of tests, suggest that immigration has a positive and significant impact (in both the statistical sense and more broadly) on productivity, as measured by GVA per job at the Travel-to-Work-Area level. We indeed find that a 1 p.p. increase in the share of migrants is associated with a 0.84 % increase in productivity in 2SLS estimates. We discuss the implications for post-Brexit immigration policy.
Importance of wildflowers in Orius insidiosus (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) diet
Authors: Strzyzewski Iris , Martini Xavier
Published: April 2024

The addition of non-crop floral resources is known to improve the fitness of many beneficial arthropods. Orius insidiosus (Say; Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) is a predator of several economically important pests and is known to feed on pollen. Spanish needles, Bidens alba L., and Leavenworth’s tickseed, Coreopsis leavenworthii Torrey & Gray (both Asteraceae), are two Florida native wildflowers that may serve as sources of pollen beneficial to O. insidiosus. The current study investigated the effects of adding flowers from C. leavenworthii and B. alba to the diet of captive O. insidiosus on longevity, nymphal development time, and cannibalism. A mixed diet of flowers and thrips prey increased O. insidiosus adult female longevity. Nymphal development time was reduced when B. alba was added to thrips when compared to a diet of thrips alone. Interestingly, cannibalism was low in all instances, suggesting a negligible effect of cannibalism on O. insidiosus except perhaps in extreme situations. These results indicate that B. alba and C. leavenworthii flowers can increase longevity and fitness of O. insidiosus, thus providing support for the use of these plants to enhance natural enemy services.
Technical feasibility and economic benefit of combined shallot seedlings techniques in Indonesia
Authors: Rosliani Rini , Azmi Chotimatul , Sembiring Asma , Murtiningsih Rini , Dianawati Meksy , Rahayu Suwarni Tri , Sulastrini Ineu , Gunaeni Neni , Moekasan Tonny K. , Musaddad Darkam , Kirana Rinda , Hartanto Shinta , Santosa Ade Dahlan , Harmanto Harmanto
Published: April 2024

One of the important factors in the success of True Seed of Shallot (TSS)-based shallot production is the right seeding technology. The study aimed to obtain appropriate nursery techniques for producing high-quality seedlings to increase shallot productivity. The experiment was conducted in Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia, from May to October 2021, using a factorial randomized block design with three treatment factors and three replications. They consisted of shallot varieties (V) (Trisula, Bima, Lokananta, and Maserati); seedlings age (U) (45 and 60 days); and seedling population density (P) (5, 7.5, and 10 g m−2 of TSS). The results revealed that seedling performance was negatively correlated to the bulb yield and revenue cost ratio (R/C). The use of young seedlings enhanced bulb production and R/C ratio in all varieties but had varied effects on cluster alterations in Maserati, Bima, and Trisula varieties. Young Lokananta seedlings prepared in the nursery at a seed density of 7.5 g m−2 proved to be the best treatment to generate the highest bulb production (39.92 t ha−1) and the highest R/C (3.62). Farmers are expected to implement seedling preparation techniques using young seedlings and managing seed populations in diverse varieties to maximize bulb production and R/C.
The syntax of non-canonical coordination in Jordanian Arabic: An experimental investigation
Authors: Al Khalaf Eman , Mashaqba Bassil , Aldiqs Rawan
Published: April 2024

Non-canonical coordination occurs when non-constituents are conjoined. Two major types of non-canonical coordination are gapping and non-constituent coordination (NCC). Non-canonical coordination has received interest for its relevance to core issues in syntax, such as constituency and phrase structure. The aim of this article is twofold. First, it provides empirical evidence for non-canonical coordination from Jordanian Arabic (JA) via an experimental investigation. Two acceptability judgment tasks (rating on a Likert scale) were designed to investigate the status of gapping and NCC in JA. A generalized linear model (GLM) was fit to the data, using the (glm) function from the mlogit package in R. There was a main effect of gapping (χ
2 = 13.203, p < 0.001) and NCC (χ
2 = 15.371, p < 0.001) on the acceptability of the constructions in the positive direction. Second, the article provides an analysis of the facts that is couched in terms of left-to-right syntax via a hybrid analysis that assumes that non-canonical coordination can have two sources: a complementizer phrase source and a vP source.
The effect of gamma rays and stearic acid on calcium carbonate and its impact on the properties of epoxy-based composites
Authors: Yassene Ali A. M. , Awad Eman H. , Hegazy Ahmed A.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this research is to produce composites of epoxy resin and calcium carbonate (EP/CaCO3) and investigate how treating the CaCO3 filler with stearic acid and gamma radiation affects the properties of the epoxy composites, enhancing their suitability for a range of applications. The CaCO3 powder was subjected to stearic acid treatment and later exposed to γ-radiation at various doses namely (10, 20 and 30 kGy), Different weight percentages of untreated and treated CaCO3 powder were added to epoxy resin (EP) to create EP/CaCO3 composites loaded with varying amounts of CaCO3 filler (5 %, 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, and 40 %). The influence of both stearic acid treatment and different doses of gamma radiation on CaCO3 was investigated. The composites were subjected to characterization of various properties including mechanical (splitting tensile strength, impact strength), thermal (TGA and dimensional thermal analysis) as well as morphological SEM examination. The analysis’ findings demonstrated that the stearic acid monolayer functions as a coupling agent in the EP matrix and can coat CaCO3 particles efficiently. The modification of CaCO3 by stearic acid and exposure to 30 kGy of gamma radiation shows a notable improvement in thermal stability and mechanical qualities for the epoxy composites loaded with various CaCO3 concentrations.
Grammar and grammaticalization in Zapotec
Authors: Operstein Natalie
Published: April 2024

The present study contributes to the empirical basis of grammaticalization theory by presenting a grammaticalization profile of Zapotec, a language family of Mesoamerica. The discussion centers around co-grammaticalization of lexemes and constructions, polygrammaticalization, interdependence between syntactic and prosodic conditioning of grammaticalization, and mutual feedback between grammaticalization and morphosyntactic typology.
Air tab location effect on supersonic jet mixing
Authors: Govindan Mahendra Perumal , Suseela Moorthi Aravindh Kumar , Elangovan Srinivasan , Sundararaj Munisamy , Rathakrishnan Ethirajan
Published: April 2024

Mixing of Mach 2.1 circular, jet issuing from a straight convergent-divergent circular nozzle, in the presence of sonic air tabs at exit and shifted locations along the jet axis was investigated experimentally at nozzle pressure ratios (NPR) 3–6, insteps of 1. Two constant area tubes of 1 mm diameter positioned diametrically opposite, at 0 D, 0.25 D, 0.5 D and 0.75 D (where D is the nozzle exit diameter), were used for fluidic injection. The injection pressure ratio (IPR) of air tabs was maintained at 6. The Mach 2.1 jet operated at nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) in the range of overexpanded states corresponding to NPR 3–6 was controlled with the sonic air tabs operating at the underexpanded state corresponding to IPR 6. The impact of air tabs on jet mixing was studied from the measured Pitot pressure along the jet centerline. The centerline pressure decay of the jet confirms that the air tab promotes jet mixing with the entrained air mass, and the mixing promotion caused by the air tab is dependent on tab location as well as the NPR. In the presence of air tabs, the jet possesses shorter core and experiences faster decay than the uncontrolled jet. Also, the air tabs were effective in reducing the number of shock cells and rendering the waves weaker in the jet core. Among the tab locations, the mixing promoting effectiveness of air tabs at 0 D is better than the tabs at shifted locations. The jet core length reduction caused by the air tab at 0 D increases from 25.4 % to 77.2 %, with increasing NPR from 3 to 6. The same trend was noticed for tab location 0.75 D, but not for 0.25 D and 0.5 D locations. The core length reduction for 0.75 D tab location is about 61.4 %, at NPR 6, and 62.1 % and 55.8 %, for NPR 5 and 4 for tab locations 0.25 D and 0.5 D, respectively. Shadowgraph images of the waves present in the jet core confirms the findings of centerline pressure decay results.
A Conceptual Framework of Different Eccentric Training Methods
Authors: Handford Matthew J. , Bright Thomas E. , Mundy Peter , Lake Jason , Theis Nicola , Hughes Jonathan D.
Published: April 2024

Various methods of eccentric training that aim to increase muscle mass or reduce ground contact time during a landing task have been extensively researched and practically examined. However, multiple methods to implement eccentric training currently exist; they differ in execution and intended training adaptions. There is a clear differentiation between an eccentric muscle action and an eccentric motion whereby a motion alludes to a downward movement of an exercise. The proposed eccentric motions are dissipating eccentrics, deceleration eccentrics, overcoming eccentrics, maximal eccentrics, and rebound eccentrics. These motions formulate into training methods and cues to allow practitioners to clearly differentiate the various eccentric training methods used in research and practice. This review proposes a new conceptual framework that clearly outlines the different forms of eccentric motions that fall into a desired eccentric training method.
Review of Recent Developments in Understanding Rolling Bearing and Transmission Steel Steelmaking and Hydrogen Effects
Authors: Xu Xiaohong , Liu Jigang , Xu Guoqing , Zhou Kaiming , Munther Hans-Åke
Published: April 2024

Rolling contact fatigue life in rolling bearings and transmission components is strongly affected by metallurgical cleanliness and other parameters. Special steel quality has significantly improved over the past decades. Nonmetallic inclusions heavily influence contact fatigue life, and researchers have shown that different inclusion types can exist depending on the applied steelmaking technologies. It is important to recognize the importance of inclusion-matrix bonding. Some types are more susceptible to debonding, which influences contact fatigue strength. Debonded inclusions are internal stress concentrations and can initiate contact (and structural) fatigue failure if above a critical size. Hydrogen is trapped in microcavities in the microstructure. This paper reviews this effect for 52100 and carbon steels and discusses the relevance of hydrogen traps.
Heat Treatment of 20MnCr5 and X20NiCrAlMoV6-5-2-1 for High Temperature Gear Applications
Authors: Steinbacher Matthias , Hellenbrand Gerrit , Mevissen Dieter , Brimmers Jens , Brecher Christian
Published: April 2024

Increasing power density and rotational speed raise major challenges for transmission development, especially in the field of aerospace technology and electromobility. Both the increase in energy input and the decrease in capability of heat dissipation lead to an increase in the operating temperature of high-performance transmissions. As a result of this increase in operating temperature, the microstructures of conventional bearings and gears are exposed to tempering, which can reduce the load capacity of these components. Especially for gear applications, a complex load capacity profile is needed, since the gears have to resist high contact pressure on the tooth flank and high bending stress in the tooth root. Considering the increase in operating temperatures, it is only permissible to manufacture the gears in high-performance transmissions from heat-resistant and high-performance materials. It is mandatory to achieve the necessary high-performance by heat treatment of gears. Today high-performance gears are typically case-hardened to achieve the best performance in service. Due to the metastable characteristics of martensite, the microstructure of a gear can degrade during service if the operating temperature meets or exceeds the former tempering temperature. This degradation leads to reduced hardness and a decrease in performance. To achieve a more stable state of microstructure prior to service, new heat treatments and alternative steel grades are continuously being developed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the strength of gears made out of the recently developed Hybrid 55 material (EN X20NiCrAlMoV6-5-2-1) and to compare the performance of these gears with commonly employed gears that are made out of EN20MnCr5 material. Initially various carburizing and nitriding treatment variants were used for heat treatment of the gears, and then the gears were tested for tooth root strength at 180°C in a newly developed test rig.
Experimental and Statistical Study on the Noise Generated by Surface Defects of Bearing Rolling Bodies
Authors: Sesana Raffaella , Bafaro Maria Anna , Pessolano Filos Irene , Uva Andrea , Rizzo Sebastiano
Published: April 2024

Rolling element bearings represent a key element in machines: they are the support and the guide for rotating elements such as shafts and wheels, and, at the same time, they perform their main function of reducing the friction between two moving parts. Nevertheless, bearings can also be an important source of noise and vibration. This noise can be critical, in particular, for noise-sensitive applications. In fact, silence is becoming one of the main requirements in determining the quality of a bearing. This work analyzes the typical manufacturing surface defects of bearing balls and investigates how they affect the noise in working conditions. In particular, dedicated procedures were set up to obtain manufacturing surface defects, controlled and repeatable, according to Tsubaki Nakashima Company International Standards. The noise tester FAG MGG11 was used to study the impact of these defects on noise and vibration. The noise tester responses were analyzed to investigate the correlation between the level of noise and the severity of the simulated defects on the ball. Tests were planned according to analysis of variances (ANOVA). The influence of different defects was also investigated.
Development of Cleaner Steels for Gear Applications
Authors: Correa de Oliveira Denise , Scheid Eduardo , Edgar Robert , Domingos Sergio , Doyle Patrick , Murthy Jay
Published: April 2024

Steel components such as bearings, wheel hubs, transmission gears, and shafts that are part of critical systems in transportation equipment are especially impacted by steel cleanliness. Under high contact loads, nonmetallic inclusions in steel can reduce the life of these components. The trend in the automotive industry of increasing power density and downsizing gears and bearings translates to higher loads and stresses on the parts in service. These trends, coupled with the electrification of vehicle powertrains, have brought increased demand for cleaner steels. Carburized gears for automotive transmissions are typically manufactured from low-carbon alloy steel grades, such as SAE 5117, SAE 5120, and SAE 4120. These steels are usually designed with minimum aluminum (Al) and sulfur (S) ranges to guarantee fine grain size and machinability, respectively. However, although aluminum and sulfur have beneficial effects, they also combine with other elements to form inclusions during the steelmaking process, a condition that negatively affects castability during continuous casting of the steel. Therefore, the challenge for steel producers is to develop a stable manufacturing process that results in steel with a low frequency of small inclusions that translates into better performance of the manufactured parts. This research focused on the impact on continuous casting and the resulting steel cleanliness of various levels of aluminum and sulfur in low-carbon alloy steels. Steel cleanliness was evaluated using several techniques, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and ultrasonic testing using low and high frequencies. The proper design of steel chemistry in conjunction with optimized steelmaking and a range of complementary test methods has allowed for the serial production of high-quality steels for gearing applications.
Creating a collaborative system for physical protection simulation in nuclear facility with virtual
Authors: Santo A. G. N. , Mól A. C. A. , Machado D. M. , Marins E. R.
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the importance of improving physical protection in nuclear facilities has been observed, mainly due to the increasing progress of the Brazilian nuclear program. Physical protection requires great attention and strategies that must be designed, tested and improved in order to maintain the physical integrity of the facilities and population. These strategies should be tested in exercises to see if the physical protection plan - PPP is in accordance with the actual conditions of the facility, such as: visibility of the borders and terrain, number and equipment of the team in charge of defense (security guards), detection equipment and access times of central security point agents to the places where suspicious activities have been detected. In this sense, this article aimed to develop a tool that allow the visualization and planning of action strategies in a virtual environment, aiming to improve security. A virtual model of the Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN) was created, with close representations of reality and the virtual characters can transit and interact in real time. Various situations that affect the visibility and detection of opponents, such as natural and artificial lighting, climatic phenomena, shadows and others can be simulated with a high degree of realism. In addition, the tool has a surveillance system through virtual cameras, enabling monitoring of the environment. Thus, this system will allow to simulate approach strategies, allowing an evaluation of the procedures performed, as well as assist in physical protection training in radioactive and nuclear facilities.
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AT THE FLAT SURFACE OF CONDUCTING BODY CAUSED BY BASIC SOURCES OF A NON-UNIFORM EXTERNAL FIELD
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Vasetsky Yu.M.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work is to obtain the expressions for the intensities of the electric and magnetic components of electromagnetic field at the action of two types of the basic sources of external field located near conducting half-space, where the eddy currents flow. The basic sources are the rectilinear current of infinite length, parallel to the interface between the dielectric and conducting media, and the magnetic moment, oriented along normal to the interface. The solution for electromagnetic field at surface between the media is applied. It is valid for strong skin effect in the form of expansion into an asymptotic series. Each term of the series is proportional to the derivative of corresponding order of external field components. This allows taking into account the external field non-uniformity. It is shown that the mathematical models with ideal skin effect have limited application. Then it is necessary to use more correct mathematical models for non-uniform field and a bounded depth of skin layer. The obtained expressions for electromagnetic field at the action of the basic sources of non-uniform external field allow us to use the principle of superposition to determine the field distributions in electromagnetic systems with more complex three-dimensional configuration. References 25, figures 5.
COMPUTER SIMULATION SYSTEM OF PRICE-FORMATION PROCESSES IN THE WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKET
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 15, Kyiv, 03164, Ukraine, Evdokimov V.A. , Borukaiev Z.Kh. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 15, Kyiv, 03164, Ukraine, Ostapchenko K.B. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: April 2024

The large-scale introduction into traditional energy systems of generating facilities and equipment that use renewable energy sources as part of the implementation of the energy decarbonization strategy leads to a change in the structure of electricity production and consumption, a rapid increase in the number of participants in trade and economic relations on the electricity market. This determines the need for conducting research in the direction of creating easy-to-use, functional object-oriented computer systems for modeling competitive market processes in terms of pricing management in order to increase the productivity and effectiveness of decisions made by market participants. The article formulates the principles, functionality and requirements for building such a class of computer modeling systems. Based on their application, the approximate composition of the functional modules of the computer system for modeling pricing processes with a single unified environment of information resources and computer models is determined. A deterministic algorithmic model is presented for the analysis of the dynamics of the volume distribution of electricity purchase and sale (demand) in the wholesale market segments as part of the computer models environment of the computer simulation system of price formation processes. The results of model calculations are presented for assessing the dynamics of demand in market segments, which are obtained using information resources and data presentation and visualization modules of the constructed computer simulation system. References 22, figures 2, table 1.
Editorial
Authors:   Universidad de La Serena
Published: April 2024

La formación de profesionales siempre ha sido un desafío para las instituciones de educación superior, lo que se ha ido incrementado con el tiempo, producto de las reformas educacionales, las demandas de los sectores laborales, el fortalecimiento del conocimiento en las distintas disciplinas y las características de los estudiantes, son algunas variables insoslayables que debe enfrentar hoy el sistema de Educación Superior. Enfermería no está ajena a esta situación, las reformas en salud, los cambios demográficos y epidemiológicos, el perfil del usuario cada vez más complejo producto del proceso de envejecimiento de la población, la prevalencia de las patologías crónicas, sus respectivas descompensaciones derivados de los estilos de vida y la no adherencia al tratamiento, presenta un escenario complejo, que demanda de los profesionales movilizar saberes y demostrar idoneidad en la emisión de juicios clínicos, en la toma de decisiones para brindar y gestionar un cuidado seguro y de calidad. Es así que las innovaciones y la revisión permanente de los currículos es una tarea de los equipos de académicos, monitoreando los contenidos y materias específicas de las asignaturas, las metodologías y los sistemas de evaluación que permitan dar cuenta de los saberes logrados por los educandos. Esto demanda mayores exigencias a los académicos no sólo estar al día en las materias sino además, manejar didácticas metodológicas para lograr un aprendizaje profundo en los estudiantes. Si bien producto de lo mencionado se han diversificado las estrategias didácticas, aún no se logra del todo establecer que o cuales metodologías son las más apropiadas para lograr un aprendizaje efectivo en los estudiantes. Es probable que los laboratorios y la experiencia clínica sean unas de las formas de aprendizaje que mejor logra su cometido, siempre y cuando sean bien planificadas. En el aula ¿Cuál será la mejor estrategia para lograr que los resultados de aprendizaje sean en profundidad? y los estudiantes logren integrar, movilizar y desarrollar saberes. Es discutible, es un área que hay que profundizar es probable que dependiendo de las materias, el contexto, el tipo de estudiante, el nivel de avance curricular, las estrategias sean distintas, lo importante es tener en consideración cuales son los resultados de aprendizaje que se deseen lograr, en post del perfil de egreso declarado. Por ello, todos quienes trabajan en la formación, deben canalizar sus esfuerzos en aportar experiencias satisfactorias en el ámbito académico y esmerarse para que los estudiantes aprendan y que estos aprendizajes sean significativos, de tal manera que puedan brindar un cuidado seguro, de calidad, humanizado y de gran compromiso ético.
Cuidados de los Estilos de Vida para Prevenir la Diabetes Mellitus Tipo II: Una Síntesis de Evidencias
Authors: Ramos Vázquez Gabino
Published: April 2024

Introducción: La Diabetes es una enfermedad metabólica compleja y crónica que requiere atención médica continua, caracterizadas por hiperglucemia resultante de defectos en la secreción de insulina. Existen en el mundo aproximadamente 280 millones de personas con riesgo identificable de desarrollar la enfermedad y se puede retrasar su aparición, a través de recomendaciones dirigidas a optimizar el cuidado de las personas y que están informadas por una revisión sistemática de la evidencia llamadas Guías de Práctica Clínica (GPC). Objetivos: Describir la mejor evidencia y recomendaciones disponibles en las Guías de la Práctica Clínica en el cuidado de los estilos de vida en personas con riesgo de diabetes mellitus. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de artículos de GPC con nivel de evidencia científica y grados de recomendación, provenientes de diferentes países, publicadas del 2012 al 2016. La búsqueda se realizó usando los descriptores en español e inglés Diabetes Mellitus, Guía de Practica Clínica, Prevención, Actividad Física (Clinical Practice Guideline, Prevention, Physical Activity). Resultados: Se identificaron en la mayoría de las GPC, algunas similitudes con relación al cuidado en los estilos de vida para la prevención de diabetes mellitus con niveles de evidencia (A), lo que indica que las recomendaciones pueden ser utilizadas. Conclusiones: Cada uno de los cuidados descritos en las tablas contribuyen ampliamente a la reducción del riesgo de enfermar por Diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Calidad Asistencial: Una Conceptualización Semántica del Término en Personal Clínico Hospitalario
Authors: Machuca Contreras Felipe Aliro
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Hablar de calidad asistencial comprende entender el desarrollo histórico y la evolución conceptual que ha tenido. No sólo el concepto es una herramienta administrativa si no que debe ser un precepto orientador para el quehacer diario en la gestión operativa. Es por esta razón, que se hace necesario poder describir la conceptualización semántica del término calidad asistencial en personal clínico hospitalario, que se plantea como objetivo para este estudio. Metodología: Se realiza un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio, bajo el método de conceptualización semántica que busca establecer redes mentales que nos ayudan a construir de forma organizada significados, referentes y relaciones con ayuda de la memoria semántica. Resultados: Para el término calidad asistencial el valor J fue de 254 que demuestra la riqueza semántica del término para los participantes, el conjunto SAM está dado en orden de jerarquía por los términos Seguridad (FMG=100%), Eficiencia (FMG=88%), Atención (FMG=75%), Bueno (FMG=60%), Efectividad (FMG=41%), Confiabilidad (FMG=36%), Bienestar (FMG=35%), Excelente (FMG=30%), Satisfacción (FMG=30%), Profesional (FMG=28%) y Respeto (FMG=28%). Conclusiones: Los resultados del estudio configuran una conceptualización rica pero a su vez, inicial del concepto. Ésta se basa en elementos genéricos del discurso que se ha construido con la introducción de la gestión de la calidad en los procesos clínicos. Queda como desafío tomar esta conceptualización como punto de partida para la construcción de un concepto más profundo y organizado, que asegure una comprensión de la cultura de la calidad, sumado a lo ya avanzado de la gestión de la calidad.
Intervención en Adolescentes para Modificar el Nivel de Conocimiento Sobre Embarazo en Edades Tempranas
Authors: Álvarez Contino José Erik
Published: April 2024

Se realizó un estudio de intervención con diseño cuasi experimental y dentro de éstos, el de pre-test y post-test con el objetivo de determinar la efectividad de un programa educativo para modificar el nivel de conocimiento de los adolescentes con relación al embarazo en edades tempranas, en la Secundaria Básica de Cifuentes del Municipio de Cifuentes, Provincia Villa Clara, Cuba, en el periodo de abril 2016 hasta abril 2017, donde todas las adolescentes femeninas entre 14 y 15 años, refieren tener relaciones sexuales con una frecuencia. La edad para su inicio es en los 13 años y una vez aplicado el programa educativo para modificar el nivel de conocimiento con relación al embarazo en la adolescencia , se considera que fue efectivo en el grupo de adolescentes estudiados.
Caracterización de una intervención educativa en Salud Cardiovascular sobre una población de adultos mayores con diagnóstico de HTA en una localidad de Bogotá D.C. Colombia, 2017
Authors: Daza Castillo Luis Antonio , Cabrera Osejo Claudia Marcela , Serna Gamarra Maritza
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Caracterizar el desarrollo e implementación de un programa de educación en Salud Cardiovascular, aplicado a un grupo de adultos con Hipertensión Arterial (HTA), en una Localidad de Bogotá D.C. (Colombia). Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, de medición pre-prueba - post-prueba con el instrumento Cuestionario de Conocimientos sobre la Hipertensión en un grupo de adultos mayores (AM) hipertensos beneficiarios de un programa hospitalario de atención crónica. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 110 AM con HTA Primaria, beneficiarios de un programa institucional. La intervención consistió en una estrategia educativa que integró actividades lúdicas, ejercicio aeróbico y educación dirigida. Resultados: La media de edad de los participantes fue de 66.9 años de edad; un 83.6% de los participantes fueron mujeres; el 31.82% posee educación primaria incompleta; el 57.27% en ejercicio de trabajo (informal, o doméstico). El 46% está en sobrepeso. El único impacto estadísticamente significativo de la educación brindada, es el fortalecer la percepción de la familia como soporte social de apoyo al automanejo de la HTA (Chi cuadrado de 4,19; p= 0,04). Conclusiones: Existen otras variables y factores determinantes del desarrollo de conocimientos en el paciente para el automanejo de la HTA; para esto, se hace relevante considerar los componentes de la Auto-Eficacia: experiencia, auto persuasión, y manejo del estrés.
Cuidados paliativos en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada sin terapia de sustitución renal.
Authors: Coss Morales Franchesca Estephany , Gallardo Guerrero Scarlet Yudicsa , Ramírez Reyes Claudia Valentina Belén , González Geraldo Ana María González Geraldo , Bianchetti Saavedra Andrés Felipe
Published: April 2024

Objetivo. Analizar la aplicación de cuidados paliativos y su impacto en la calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada sin terapia de sustitución renal. Metodología: Revisión sistemática cualitativa guiada por la declaración PRISMA. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en 4 bases de datos: Scielo, Web of Science, Pubmed y Lilacs. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos originales, en idioma español, inglés, y portugués, con un máximo de 5 años de publicación. La calidad metodológica consideró 17 indicadores de una pauta de lectura crítica. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 24 artículos, de los cuales se desprenden 4 categorías: Toma de decisión (Familiar/personal de salud / paciente), Cuidados paliativos v/s diálisis, Calidad de vida en cuidados paliativos, Percepción del personal de salud. Conclusión: A través de este estudio se logró reafirmar que la implementación de cuidados paliativos logra una mejor calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal en etapa. 5in embargo, en Latinoamérica no se cuenta con suficiente investigación científica, siendo ésta, necesaria para su implementación.