bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Backpropagation Neural Network untuk Pemetaan Penggunaan Lahan
Authors: Permana Muhammad Yusuf , Sugianto Sugianto , Rusdi Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Abstrak. Teknologi penginderaan jauh dengan klasifikasi digital merupakan alternatif yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memperoleh informasi penggunaan lahan. Banyak metode klasifikasi digital salah satunya Backpropagation Neural Network. Backpropagation Neural Network merupakan metode pembelajaran terawasi yang menggunakan perceptron dengan banyak lapisan untuk mengubah nilai bobot-bobot yang terhubung dengan neuron-neuron yang ada pada lapisan tersembunyinya. Infromasi mengenai kemampuan metode klasifikasi sangat penting untuk mengukur sejauh mana klasifikasi yang dilakukan oleh model atau algoritma yang mencerminkan keadaan sebenarnya di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan metode klasifikasi Backpropagation Neural Network untuk pemetaan penggunaan lahan. Backpropagation Neural Network dengan data masukan citra Landsat 8 OLI ini mampu mengklasifikasikan 7 kelas penggunaan lahan di Kota Sabang Parameter yang digunakan yaitu momentum rate 0,9, learning rate 0,01, maximum total rate 0,1, maximum individual error 0,1, dan iterasi 10.000. Kelas penggunaan lahan mengacu pada SNI 2014 diantaranya badan air, hutan, lahan terbangun, lahan terbuka, perkebunan, rawa dan semak belukar. Penggunaan lahan terbesar yaitu penggunaan hutan dengan luas 8.147,66 ha (66,71%). Sedangkan luasan terkecil dapat pada penggunaan rawa dengan luas 26,15 ha (0,21%) dari total luas wilayah Kota Sabang.Backpropagation Neural Network for Land Use MappingAbstract. Remote sensing technology with digital classification is an alternative that can be utilized to obtain land use information. There are many digital classification methods, one of which is Backpropagation Neural Network. Backpropagation Neural Network is a supervised learning method that uses a perceptron with many layers to change the value of the weights connected to the neurons in the hidden layer. Information about the ability of the classification method is very important to measure the extent to which the classification performed by the model or algorithm reflects the actual situation in the field. This study aims to determine the ability of the Backpropagation Neural Network classification method for land use mapping. Backpropagation Neural Network with Landsat 8 OLI image input data is able to classify 7 classes of land use in Sabang City. The parameters used are momentum rate 0.9, learning rate 0.01, maximum total rate 0.1, maximum individual error 0.1, and 10,000 iterations. Land use classes refer to SNI 2014 including water bodies, forests, developed land, open land, plantations, swamps and shrubs. The largest land use is forest use with an area of 8,147.66 ha (66.71%). While the smallest area can be in the use of swamps with an area of 26.15 ha (0.21%) of the total area of Sabang City.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos Kulit Kopi Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Andisol
Authors: Maulida Maulida , Izzati Raichan , Jufri Yadi
Published: March 2024

Abstrak. Andisol merupakan tanah yang berkembang dari bahan induk abu vulkanik yang relatif masih muda sehingga tanah Andisol  sangat berpotensi untuk pengembangan lahan pertanian, tanah ini mengandung bahan amorf (alofan, ferihidrit, senyawa kompleks Al humus). Tanah Andisol memiliki kendala seperti tanah Andisol bereaksi kuat dengan unsur fosfat (P). Ketidaktersediaan unsur P didalam tanah disebabkan oleh adanya adanya fiksasi P oleh alofan, dan tingkat retensi P sangat tinggi yaitu  melebihi 85%. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu dilakukan penambahan bahan organik berupa kompos kulit kopi untuk membantu mengurangi jerapan P pada tanah Andisol. Kompos kulit kopi memiliki kandungan bahan organik 45,3%, kandungan nitrogen 2,98%, kandungan fosfor 0,18%, kalium sebesar 2,26%, serta kandungan C/N kulit kopi sebesar 17,1%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompos limbah kulit kopi (pulp) terhadap perubahan sifat kimia tanah Andisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok Non Faktorial dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan sehingga didapat 20 percobaan. Sebanyak 65 kg sampel tanah diambil dari desa Delung Tue, Kecamatan Bukit, Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kompos kulit kopi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap perubahan sifat kimia pH (H2O), C-organik, N-total, P-total dan P-tersedia Andisol. Meskipun secara statistik tidak berpengaruh namun ada kecenderungan berubah/meningkat dari setiap perlakuan.The Effect of Adding Coffee Husk Compost to Changes in Chemical Properties of AndisolAbstract. Andisol is a soil that develops from volcanic ash parent material that is relatively young so that Andisol soil is very potential for agricultural land development, this soil contains amorphous materials (alofan, ferrihydrite and complex compounds Al humus). Andisol soil has weaknesses such as Andisol soil reacts strongly with phosphate element (P). The unavailability of P elements in the soil due to P fixation by allohans, P retention is very high at 85%. Based on this, it is necessary to add organic matter in the form of coffee skin compost to help reduce P absorption on Andisol soil. Coffee skin compost contains 45.3% organic matter, 2.98% nitrogen content, 0.18% phosphorus content, 2.26% potassium, and 17.1% coffee skin C/N content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of composting coffee skin waste (Coffea Arabica L.) on changes in the chemical properties of Andisol soil. This study used the Non-Factorial Group Randomized Design method with 5 treatments and 4 repeats so that 20 experiments were obtained. Soil sampling was carried out in Delung Tue village, Bukit District, Bener Meriah Regency as much as 65 kg. The results of the study found that the application of coffee skin compost had no real effect on changes in the chemical properties of pH (H2O), C-organic, N-total, P-total and P-available Andisol. Although statistically it has no effect, there is a tendency to change/increase with each treatment.
Using PEST analysis to explore the impact and mechanism of Chinese and American breeding patents on the development of agricultural science and technology
Authors: Lu Changyun , Zhu Longjiao , Xu Wentao , Cao Yuan
Published: March 2024

In recent years, PEST analysis and its application in decision-making has become a hot topic, and this paper proposes a new model of PEST analysis based on neutral cognitive map static analysis.The proposed framework consists of five activities, identifying PEST factors and sub-factors, modeling the interrelationships among PEST factors, calculating centrality measures, categorizing the factors, and ranking the factors.The results show that the impact factor of the US breeding patent on the development of agricultural science and technology has reached the level of interrelationship, and the uncertainty is included in the analysis. Using this model to analyze the impact of U.S.-China breeding patents on the development of agricultural science and technology, we ranked the factors according to their interrelationships and incorporated uncertainty into the analysis. The results showed that the impact factor of U.S. breeding patents on the development of agricultural science and technology reached 0.70, and the index of the Gross Agricultural Product (GAP) caused by patents was greater than 100. The quantitative analysis of the impact of Sino-US cooperation in agricultural science and technology using PEST analysis has scientifically and accurately grasped the quantitative law of Sino-US agricultural science and technology cooperation.
Study on the influencing factors and improving countermeasures of regional financial service function -- Take corporate loans as an example
Authors: Zhang Suo , Wen Yixian
Published: March 2024

Focusing on regional financial services, this paper analyzes the variables affecting non-financial businesses getting loans through the region economic services function, and then proposes countermeasures to improve it. The DPC algorithm is applied to the financial analysis in this paper because of its fast speed and high accuracy. The AD-DPC approach is suggested in this study as a solution to the issue that the computation of local density relies on the choice of the truncation length parameter dc and the clustering sites must be manually chosen. This strategy lessens the subjectivity and volatility that the fictitious label dc brings. For the DPC algorithm by using a one-step assignment strategy, i.e., assigning the labels of clustering centers to all non-clustering centroids at one time, such a strategy is poorly fault-tolerant, this paper proposes the DAS-DPC algorithm on the basis of AD-DPC. Through experiments, ADAS-DPC is optimal for ARI metrics in the dataset. Among them, the ARI indexes of ADAS-DPC algorithm are 0.832, 0.895, 0.768 and 0.757 in the datasets Iris, Wine, Seed and Sonar. It shows that the ADAS-DPC algorithm can not only handle the datasets with complex shapes, large density differences between clusters and tightly connected clusters, but also improve the clustering performance of the algorithm for high-dimensional data.
Percepciones del personal de salud sobre los efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 en un servicio de salud mental y adicciones
Authors: Badino Manuel , Farias María Alejandra
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Analizar las percepciones del personal de salud sobre los efectos de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la organización de un servicio de salud mental y adicciones. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo. Se aplicó una encuesta diseñada por el Observatorio Argentino de Drogas de la SEDRONAR (Secretaría de Políticas sobre Drogas de la Nación Argentina) al personal de salud del Centro Asistencial Córdoba durante el mes de noviembre 2020. Resultados: Según las percepciones del personal de salud, la institución sostuvo la admisión y la suspensión fue solamente sobre las prestaciones de terapia grupal durante la primera etapa, que se revirtió desarrollando grupos terapéuticos mediante videollamadas. En relación con la variación de la demanda de atención, el 68,9% mencionó estar totalmente en desacuerdo con la afirmación de que la misma disminuyó. El personal de salud observó una variabilidad en los motivos de consulta y un aumento en la demanda de atención, con un crecimiento de las consultas por violencia autoinfligida y por consumos problemáticos de sustancias. Conclusión: Las medidas de aislamiento implicaron una reorganización de los servicios y sus modalidades de atención. Se torna importante preparar a los servicios de salud mental y adicciones para brindar las prestaciones necesarias y dar respuesta a las demandas de atención durante este tipo de contingencias.
Autolesión no suicida en población general: frecuencia y factores asociados en Paraguay
Authors: Duarte-Arroyo Araceli , Barrios Iván , Torres-Romero Anthon Daniel , Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Ventriglio Antonio , Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio , Torales Julio
Published: March 2024

Introducción: La investigación sobre la autolesión no suicida permite aumentar la conciencia sobre este fenómeno, posibilita su detección temprana y la implementación de estrategias más eficaces en prevención y tratamiento. Esto conlleva a una reducción del sufrimiento individual, los costos económicos y el impacto en la sociedad en su totalidad. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y factores asociados a autolesión no suicida en una muestra de población adulta de Paraguay. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de asociación cruzada, de corte transversal y prospectivo. Una encuesta en línea fue difundida a través de redes sociales y aplicaciones de mensajería. Esta incluía preguntas sobre datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. La presencia de autolesiones se determinó a través de la versión en español de la escala Self-Harm Questionnaire. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para todas las variables. Para buscar asociaciones se utilizó la prueba chi cuadrado. Resultados: Participaron 241 personas (media de edad=32±12 años, 74,7% mujeres). Se encontró una frecuencia de autolesiones de 24,5% (n=59). De estos, el 91,5% había tenido ideación suicida al menos una vez. Se encontró asociación entre el nivel de ingresos y la frecuencia de autolesiones (χ^2=16,9 gl=2 p<0,001). Los principales factores asociados a autolesiones fueron tener un diagnóstico previo de algún trastorno mental (OR=4,81) e historia de abuso físico o sexual (OR=3,00). Conclusión: A través de esta investigación se determinó que casi uno de cada cuatro adultos participantes se autolesionaba. La mayoría había tenido ideas suicidas al menos una vez. Además, los ingresos por debajo del salario mínimo y factores como tener un trastorno mental previo e historial de abuso físico o sexual se asociaron con las autolesiones.
Integrating ChatGPT in Grade 12 Quantum Theory Education: An Exploratory Study at Emirate School (UAE)
Authors:   Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Mathematics Education, Higher College of Technology, Al Ain, UAE, Wardat Yousef
Published: March 2024

This study utilizes a quasi-experimental mixed-methods design to investigate the impact of Chatbot applications on student achievement in Quantum Theory courses. The objectives include developing customized Chatbot-supported activities for Quantum Theory and exploring their integration across disciplines. Participants consist of third-semester students from schools in the Alain zone. An experimental group (55 participants) received instruction enhanced by ChatGPT, while a control group (57 participants) experienced traditional teaching. The experimental group showed significant improvements in post-test scores for the Knowing, Applying, and Reasoning sub-skills, even though their pre-test scores were similar. The effect size, indicated by Eta square (η2 > 0.14), suggests a substantial impact. Qualitative insights reveal enhanced engagement, comprehension, problem-solving skills, and perceived relevance in the experimental group. Challenges arise due to a requirement for more detailed explanations and visual aids. This study underscores ChatGPT’s potential to enhance learning experiences and integrate them into curricula, supported by quantitative and qualitative evidence. However, further exploration is needed to assess its long-term impact across diverse educational contexts.
Development and Validation of a Teaching Module based on the Traditional Approach of the Japanese Bansho Plan Towards the Mastery of Quadratic Equations
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia, Zulnaidi Hutkemri
Published: March 2024

This study is an effort to develop and evaluate the validity of the Bansho Plan-Based Teaching Module to improve students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) mastery of the topic of Quadratic Equations. The interactive module comprises six lesson units to provide students with the opportunity to explore the application of the Quadratic Equations concept in real-life situations. The design, development, and validity evaluation of the module was based on the design and development research approach. The discussion focused on two phases, namely the requirements analysis and the development design. The Morrison, Ross, and Kemp (2007) model consisting of nine components was used to support the module development in the first stage of the current study. Meanwhile, the second stage involved an evaluation of the module’s validity and the implementation of a pilot study. Responses from five Mathematics education experts were analyzed using the Percentage Calculation Method (PCM). The highest mean score for content validity coefficient was obtained by the knowledge level aspect with 0.96. This confirms that the module is in line with the national curriculum, as well as the complexity level of all problems presented in the module is not confusing and the module is capable of applying HOTS to the topic of Quadratic Equations. Furthermore, a reliability test was done on the learning objectives through a pilot study involving thirty students. The results showed that the module obtained a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient value of 0.915, indicating its good consistency. One major contribution of this study is that it highlights the uniqueness of combining multimedia modules with the traditional approach of the Bansho Plan. It creates an awareness that traditional teaching approaches, such as the Bansho Plan, should not be labelled as outdated, but instead its wisdom needs to be explored and adapted to the demands and needs of 21st century teaching.
Normalized-UNet Segmentation for COVID-19 Utilizing an Encoder-Decoder Connection Layer Block
Authors: Al-Mukhtar Mohammed , Abbas Ammar Awni , Hamad Aws H. , Al-hashimi Mina H.
Published: March 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge influence on human lives all around the world. The virus spread quickly and impacted millions of individuals, resulting in a large number of hospitalizations and fatalities. The pandemic has also impacted economics, education, and social connections, among other aspects of life. Coronavirus-generated Computed Tomography (CT) scans have Regions of Interest (ROIs). The use of a modified U-Net model structure to categorize the region of interest at the pixel level is a promising strategy that may increase the accuracy of detecting COVID-19-associated anomalies in CT images. The suggested method seeks to detect and isolate ROIs in CT scans that show the existence of ground-glass opacity, which is frequent in COVID-19 patients. This can assist healthcare practitioners in identifying and monitoring illness development, as well as making treatment decisions. Scale U-Net is a strong U-Net design modification that can increase the performance of semantic segmentation tasks. Our model, Normalized-UNet, uses batch normalization after each convolutional layer to decrease the internal covariate shift, which dramatically improves the network's learning efficiency.
Understanding Digital Natives Learning Experience through Japanese Language Exam at Nihongo Tesuto Bunkasai Competition by PGBJ Jabodetabek in 2023
Authors: Rochim Julita Fahrul , Ilyasa Reza , Ainih Nur
Published: March 2024

Integrating technology into Japanese language education has revolutionized the methods of instruction and learning. Especially while instructing the present generation known as digital natives. Educational institutions need to incorporate technology as a tool for teaching and learning due to the close relationship between digital natives and technology. This research aims to assess the utilization of the web-based test (SHIGURU) during the 2023 Bunkasai events organized by PGBJ-SMK (Forum of Japanese Language Teachers for Vocational High Schools) within the area of Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi). This study employs a descriptive research methodology that incorporates both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data can be collected through direct observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The study utilized primary and secondary data sources, which were examined through triangulation procedures. This study examines the benefits and drawbacks of utilizing shiguru and delves into a comprehensive comprehension of how the digital generation acquires knowledge and how Japanese language education should incorporate pedagogical principles and practices to cater to the requirements of digital natives in contemporary Japanese language education.
Independent Country Program Review (ICPR) Implementation Guidelines
Authors: Soriano Alejandro , Maciel Odette , Peña-Habib Oliver , Barcellos Andreia
Published: March 2024

These Guidelines seek to provide greater clarity on how OVE will conduct Independent Country Program Reviews (ICPRs), a periodic product introduced through the approval of OVE's Country Product Protocol by the Boards. The purpose of this document is to provide transparency to the Boards, country authorities, and IDB and IDB Invest Management on the methods, tools and processes used by OVE in the ICPRs, and to foster consistency in their preparation. The Guidelines are the exclusive responsibility of OVE, in compliance with the Boards' mandate of conducting ICPRs under the conditions and principles approved in the Protocol. It is expected that the systematization introduced by the Guidelines will also contribute to internal and external training activities, and to extracting common lessons across countries.
Sex and Mortality: Changes in the Age Distribution of the Deceased According to Polish Press Obituaries, 1845–1939
Authors: Minakowski Marek
Published: March 2024

W artykule ukazano, jak wyglądało stopniowe przejście od społeczeństwa, w którym wykres struktury wieku umierających kobiet ma dwa wyraźne szczyty przedzielone obszarem niskiej umieralności w okresie menopauzy (tak jakby menopauza odwracała trend, dając kobiecie nowy potencjał życiowy), do modelu, w którym struktura wieku dla kobiet i mężczyzn wygląda podobnie, ale kobiety wymierają później. Obserwowana zmiana polegała na tym, że lokalne minimum zgonów kobiet (wiek 41–45) pozostawało w tym samym miejscu, ale zanikało jedno z maksimów (ta grupa kobiet, dla których potencjał życiowy kończył się wraz z końcem wieku rozrodczego). Obserwacja zgonów męskich takiego zjawiska nie wykazuje, czym można tłumaczyć, dlaczego mężczyźni w znacznie mniejszym stopniu stali się beneficjentami wydłużenia oczekiwanej długości życia. Podstawą analizy jest 470 tys. polskich nekrologów prasowych z lat 1845–1939, w których znaleziono 205 tys. osób, a z nich wybrano 165 tys. takich, dla których znany jest wiek w chwili zgonu.
Chinese primary art education and traditional art culture: focusing on the content analysis of art textbooks
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Kim Eunkyung
Published: March 2024

In order to explore the teaching content of traditional art and culture in Chinese elementary art education, this research investigated the contents of 12 elementary school 『Fine Art』 textbooks from “People's Education Publishing House(人民敎育出版社).” The educational objectives of traditional art and culture presented in the art curriculum were aimed at promoting Chinese ethnic pride based on the love of excellent ethnic cultural heritage. Based on this, the results of the analysis of the art textbooks are as follows. Firstly, the total number of learning units in the 12 art textbooks is 230 units, and the total number of illustrations presented is 520. Among them, the number of artworks related to Chinese culture is 401, that is 77.1% of the total. And in terms of chronological classification, a significant number of 120 artworks was related to traditional Chinese art and culture before modern times, that is 29.7% of total. Secondly, as for the works related to traditional art and culture, 57.5% of the 120 works was included in the ‘appreciation and criticism’ learning area. Thirdly, the artistic fields to which the works belong to were quite diverse, starting with hieroglyphics, and including ceramics, sculpture, bronze, painting, crafts, architecture, gumbo, theatre, stamps, maps, and musical instruments. Fourthly, the main educational content through the works of each period is as follows: in the case of the Neolithic and Advanced Periods, the background and transformation process of the emergence of ceramic and bronze arts and the sculptural features and values of individual works were mentioned; Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor in the case of the Qin(秦) Dynasty, the paintings and Buddha sculptures of the Donhuangseokgul in the Tang(唐) Dynasty, the ink-colored portraits of the Song(宋) Dynasty, the architectural arts of the 'Peking Palace' in the Ming(明) Dynasty, and the works related to ceramics and ink and light-colored painting in the Qing(淸) Dynasty, the meaning and value in terms of art history and sculpture were covered. Especially in the works of the Ming Dynasty, we can see that aesthetic issues were also mentioned.
제3의길: 협동조합과 몬드라곤의 역사
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Lee Hyung Kyu
Published: March 2024

The topic of this essay is the perennial problem of the relationship between religion and economics. However, many scholars in religious studies often fail to properly connect religious values and economics. In addition, modern sociological and economic theories that focus on particular abstract aspects of human society exaggerate these abstractions as critical or central features of human existence, but ignore other equally important features. In this context, many communities and groups have been formed to promote grassroots economic interaction and to protect people from an asymmetrical global economy. Among them, the Mondragón Cooperative Corporations in Spain has sought to provide an alternative economic community. The primary purpose of this study is to articulate and analyze the economic ethics underlying the practice of the Mondragón Corporacion Cooperativa, which is owned and governed by workers. Cooperatives such as Mondragón are governed by “Cooperative Principles” that differentiate them from traditional capitalist enterprises. This article examines the worker-owned cooperative movement as an alternative to both monopolistic capitalism and socialism for economic democracy. It examines how Mondragón’s workers and their leader can and should develop their own ways of coping with, confronting, and potentially resisting capitalism in their own local community. It attempts to demystify the dominant, global capitalist economy. This study aims to develop a set of practical strategies for achieving alternative economic ethics.
The Reorganization of King Jeongjo's 'Byeongshinjeongsik' and the King's Private Land
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Lee Sung-im
Published: March 2024

The main point of Byeongsin Jeongsik, a royal financial reform carried out during the reign of King Jeongjo, is the question of whether the large-scale land and slaves owned by the members of the royal family who passed away were transferred to the king's large-scale private vault this is a process to examine how it is reflected in the palace's land documents and large-scale royal torture documents housed in Kyujanggak. The issue of moving large-scale land owned by the royal family, four generations after King Jeongjo's memorial service, was a long-term project that went through three stages: informing the reform (1776-1783), re-appointing the middle manager of the Naesu Temple and re-creating the related land ledger (1776-1783), and drafting the Naesu Temple design (1787). Jeongjo had the 4th generation of the ancestral rites move the land of most of the members of the royal family, except for the land of the small members of the royal family, to his personal safe, Naesusa. In 1788, Jeongjo established his own escort unit, Jang Yong-young, and tried to raise some of the necessary financial resources to the surplus of Naesusa, the inner act of the work. Jeongjo's royal fiscal reform focused on strengthening the finances of Nesusa and emphasized the ideology of being one with the royal family was the process of enhancing the public function of Nesusa, a royal financial organization, to actively utilize the resources of Nesusa in the construction of Jangyongyoung.
South Korean Export of Tungsten and the Signing of the US-ROK Tungsten Agreement
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Yoon Daniel Sung-Min
Published: March 2024

This study examines the historical context and process leading to the signing of the US-ROK Tungsten Agreement, which legitimized American intervention in Korea’s key natural resource and resulted in imbalances in trade relations. Tungsten emerged as a pivotal strategic mineral in the 20th century for weapons production. In WWII, the United States classified the mineral as a ‘strategic material’ and sought to secure a stable stockpile. The communization of China expedited the search for alternative sources, with South Korea emerging as a non-communist alternative after heavy reliance on Chinese tungsten until 1947. Efforts to faciliate exports of Korean tungsten ores to the US commenced under the US Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK), gaining momentum during the Korean War and culminating in the signing of the Agreement in 1952. The Korean War marked two pivotal shifts in the US-SK bilateral trade relationship as well as in the SK tungsten mining industry. First, the Korean War halted US aid agencies’ plans to rehabilitate Korean economy. Simultanesously, the global surge in demand for tungsten emphasized the need for an exclusive purchase contract to ensure seamless war effort and sustained ore production. Conversely, the Korean War stopped the increasing trend in ore exports since 1948, removing a major source of SK government’s foreign exchange. However, as the conflict extended, discussions about postwar reconstruction initiated, with SK tungsten providing a crucial financial asset for reconstruction efforts. The signing of the Agreement led SK into an exclusive trade relationship with the US. However, this outcome did not arise from unilateral intent but rather exemplified a conflict of interests between SK and US. This paper calls for understanding geopolitical considerations and nuanced negotiations that shaped the exclusive trade ties during this critical period.
Introduction: What is Border Renaissance?
Authors: Fellner Astrid , Nossem Eva
Published: March 2024

This issue investigates the return to borders, gauging the impact of this recent renaissance of borders in political and media discourses and cultural representations of borders and borderlands. The geographical focus of the individual papers lies primarily on Europe with brief references to North America and Asia. Zooming in on questions of recent border conflicts, tensions, and struggles, on the one hand, and questions of identity, language practices, and forms of belonging, on the other, the essays highlight border rebirth and revival, also presenting new research on recent developments in territorial/spatial and cultural border studies. Coming from a wide variety of disciplines, such as geography, cultural studies, literature, linguistics, and political sciences, the authors explore the renewed interest in borders and the many instances of borderizations.
Importancia pedagógica del positivismo en la práctica escolar cotidiana de la enseñanza Geográfica
Authors: Santiago Rivera José Armando
Published: March 2024

El propósito es reflexionar sobre la importancia pedagógica del positivismo en la práctica escolar cotidiana de la enseñanza geográfica. Se trata de resaltar la tarea formativa que se promueve para desarrollar en el aula de clase, como un acontecimiento apolítico, neutral y desideologizado caracterizado por transmitir contenidos programáticos, sin ninguna aplicabilidad en la comprensión de la realidad geográfica e incentiva la memorización. Eso determinó, metodológicamente, realizar una revisión bibliográfica y analizar el positivismo como opción para explicar la realidad, la contradicción del positivismo en la actividad del aula de clase y el desafío epistémico es innovar la acción educativa tradicional. Concluye al enfatizar que, en la labor pedagógica y didáctica de la práctica escolar cotidiana de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje geográfico, es indispensable desarrollar la actividad del aula de clase en sintonía con la tarea formativa apropiada para comprender el mundo globalizado.
Passando a limpo a hora e a vez do semiárido brasileiro na agenda nacional de políticas públicas emancipadoras
Authors: De Souza Suliman Sady , Andrade Feitosa Sérgio Stênio
Published: March 2024

O presente texto objetiva identificar em que contexto abriu-se uma janela de oportunidades que estivesse atrelada à perspectiva de emancipação da população do semiárido brasileiro. Para tanto, fez-se uso de levantamento bibliográfico que pudesse subsidiar a discussão aqui empreendida. Inicialmente buscamos apresentar o que seria o semiárido e discutir o porquê do estigma de região-problema atribuído ao Nordeste. Posteriormente, evidenciamos o período em que prevaleceu o discurso de “combate à seca”, paradigma esse que durou por séculos. Ao final, suscintamente tratamos dessa mudança de perspectiva, quando finalmente ganha força o discurso de “convivência com a seca”.
Avaliação da variação da linha de costa em praias arenosas da ilha de Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brasil, utilizando-se Veículo Aéreo não-Tripulado (VANT)
Authors: De Souza Júnior Roberto Lúcio Belo , Das Neves Gregório Maria , De Souza Matos Carneiro Marcia Cristina
Published: March 2024

As praias arenosas da Ilha principal do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, que leva o seu homônimo, distrito do Estado de Pernambuco, situada no Nordeste do Brasil, no Oceano Atlântico Sul Equatorial, apresentam uma alta frequência turística, se destacam pelas belezas naturais. Tal arquipélago encontra-se como um dos principais destinos turísticos do Brasil. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a vulnerabilidade costeira nas praias da Conceição, Boldró, Bode, Quixambinha e Cacimba do Padre. A estratégia de metodologia consistiu na geração e análise da variação das Linhas de costa (LC) entre 2019 e 2021. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de ortomosaicos processados de aerolevantamento com VANT (Veículo aéreo não tripulado), incluindo a fase de processamento fotogramétrico, pontos de controle medidos com pares de receptores GNSS (RTK), mapeamento das áreas estudadas, medições da linha de costa e registro fotográficos in loco. Os resultados permitiram a identificação das causas e consequências da erosão costeira, taxas da variação das Linhas de Costas (LC) nessas praias arenosas. Os resultados e análises obtidos nesta pesquisa foram armazenados em uma base de dados espaciais SIG) para avaliações das ações antrópicas e a dinâmica da natureza e fornecidos como subsídios para Gestão Costeira Integrada da Ilha de Fernando de Noronha.
Health Services Strategy of Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health in Developing Countries
Authors: Hartati Devi , Astuti Andari Wuri
Published: March 2024

Background: In the developing country 1 in 5 women give birth before the age of 18 years old. The problem of pregnancy is part of the main causes of death in youth between 15 to 19 years old, especially because of abortion complications and unsafe childbirth. Aims: To determine the strategy of health services for adolescent reproduction in developing countries. Method: using the design of scoping review with PRISMA-ScR checklist. Using Arksey and O'Malley in the form of (1) identified research questions, (2) identified relevant articles, (3) chosen articles, (4) data mapping and (5) presented data/result, discussion, and conclusion. Finding articles using 4 databases Ebsco, ScienceDirect, Pubmed, and Wiley Online Library. Results: The strategy of health service for adolescent reproduction in developing countries that can be done is health education/comprehensive sexuality education (CSE), youth-friendly service, and model of sexuality education enhancement (SEE). Conclusion: all of the three strategies the most applied is youth-friendly service followed by health education in the form of CSE. For the next research, it is expected to be able to analyze and evaluate a more dominant strategy also more effective in handling sexual health and adolescent reproduction both in developed countries and developing countries.
Factors Influencing Birth in Adolescents in the Province of West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Rofita Desi , Pamungkas Catur Esty , Amini Aulia , Siti Mardiyah WD  , Retno Dewi Puspitasari
Published: March 2024

Background: Adolescent childbirth is a global problem, especially in developing countries. Based on data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (SDKI), the ASFR 15-19 at the national level is 36 per 1000 women while the NTB Province is 42 per 1000 women, so it is still in a position above the national level. Aims: To know the factors that influence teenage births. Methods: This research is an analytical study using secondary data from the results of the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) by using a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 1368 respondents. sampling technique using purposive sampling obtained as many as 806 respondents. Data analysis was using univariate, bivariate analysis with chi-square, and multivariate with logistic regression analysis. Results: Based on the results of bivariate analysis, it was found that there was a significant relationship between the factors of education (CI 95% 2.996-16.366), age of first sex (CI 95% 2.271-11.853), use of contraception (CI 95% 0.292-0.846), number of children born (CI 95% 0.378-0.880) to teenagers. Factors of employment status (CI 95% 0.667-1.482) and living area (CI 95% 0.635-1.406) did not have a significant relationship with teenage births, while the results of multivariate analysis showed that the R2 value was 0.603 which means that education, age of first sex, use of contraceptives, and number of children contributed to teenage births of 60.3%, the remaining 39.7% is caused by other variables. Conclusion: Factors of education, age of first sex, use of contraceptives, and the number of children have a significant relationship with teenage births. It is hoped that the BKKBN of West Nusa Tenggara Province will evaluate the programs that have been established to determine the effectiveness of these programs in overcoming the problem of teenage births.
Pictorial Health Warning and Intention to Quit Smoking in Smokers in an Urban Campus Jakarta
Authors: Sarah Handayani  , Elia Nur A'yunin  , Rifdah Amalia
Published: March 2024

Background: Research on eye-tracking among active smokers shows they avoid the health warnings on cigarette packages, which still occur even without prominent imaging information. Aims: To evaluate the reactions and perceptions to pictorial health warning (PHW) labels by measuring eye-tracking devices and knowing their relationship to smoking cessation intention. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design with measurements of PHW on cigarette packs by eye-tracker tools of type Tobii-data collection. With a non-random sampling technique, 50 respondents were from civitas academics on Campus-A UHAMKA. Samples were selected based on inclusion criteria: men, active smokers, not colorblind, and who didn't intend to stop smoking three months before the study. Results: The number also shows that most respondents already have strong intentions. The majority of respondents (64%) want to improve their health. However, 20% of those surveyed have no reason to quit smoking. That might represent the respondent's low intention to quit smoking. A bivariate test showed no significant association between respondents' attitudes toward smoking cessation intention (p-value: 0.706) and subjective norms for smoking cessation intention (p-value: 0.706). The eye-tracking results found that the different gaze plots and heatmap results on cigarette packets showing smoking-related diseases were more directed to the PHW area of interest. However, on smoking behavior images, the gaze plot and heatmap showed scattered results for PHW and cigarette brands. Conclusion: Although it has not been proven significantly related to smoking cessation intention, PHW has been the respondents' focus. We need further research on the shape and size of PHW.
Alternative Media to Increase Knowledge About COVID-19 Vaccination in Children
Authors: Latif Antinah , Besse Irna Tawaddud  , Pratiwi Kusumowardhani
Published: March 2024

Background: Several vaccination programs for children have not been maximized. The phenomenon of low vaccination coverage in children can be attributed, in part, to the role played by information distribution. Public service advertisements have been widely studied for their effectiveness but are limited to social media. Public service advertisements can be combined with a game. Games are used for health promotion media with various themes and are considered effective. Print media such as posters and combinations with games are media that need to be studied in this digital era. Aims: This study aims to develop public service advertising media to invite COVID-19 vaccinations. Method: This research uses research and development (R&D) with ADDIE stages. The intervention study was conducted in Makassar, South Sulawesi, and involved 40 grade 4 and 6 elementary school students and 65 parents. The intervention was carried out at school by combining posters and pinball games. Measurements are managed with a validated questionnaire to assess knowledge and perceptions. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: 1) The quality of the media combination of posters and pinball games obtained a score of 3.023 which was included in the qualification of “good” with the recommendation “need some revision” 2) the application of a combination of posters and pinball games affected the knowledge of children; parents’ knowledge is fair and good, and parents’ perceptions are positive. Conclusion: In conclusion, the poster combination game is an alternative media to promote the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among elementary school students and their parents.
Distributed photovoltaic adoption in rural Shandong, China: status, challenges, and influential factors
Authors: Zhen Zheng , Zhang Pengfei , Cao Jiaxing , Su Fan , Tong Lu , Qi Yue , Li Yuankang , Wei Wendong
Published: March 2024

Distributed photovoltaic systems (distributed PV) enable rural households to replace traditional energy sources, reduce their household carbon footprint, and generate additional income. Due to the multiple benefits, China increasingly prioritizes developing distributed PV in its rural areas. However, the overall status, primary challenges of distributed PV in rural China, and how regional social and economic factors contribute to adoption choices of distributed PV remain largely uninvestigated. Here, we aim to provide insights into the above issues and offer a basis for policy recommendations that can facilitate the adoption of distributed PV, drawing from Shandong Province’s experience. This study is based on a survey conducted in 2023, encompassing a total of 169 households across 36 villages in Shandong Province. Our results show that 43% of the households have embraced distributed PV with various system standards employed. We also find that rural households in Shandong Province encounter challenges engaging in distributed PV systems, such as inadequate policy support, significant heterogeneity of policy promotion among villages, a predominant emphasis on construction rather than management, and an extended payback period. We suggest that future attention should be paid to households that have not experienced extreme weather events and those that have not yet engaged in related low-carbon environmental activities. Local village officials should take the lead in spearheading policy promotion activities to enhance villagers’ awareness and enthusiasm. Besides, efforts should be directed towards guaranteeing the availability of high-quality distributed PV systems with consistent standards.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH (SCHOOL LEADERSHIP) DAN KEADILAN DISTRIBUTIF TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI
Authors: Aninda Chintia , Putrawan I Made , Santosa Heru
Published: March 2024

This study aims to: (1) find out the interaction effect  of school leadership and distributive justice on the teachersâ€™ organizational commitment (2) to know the difference of the teacher's organizational commitment, between the teachers who judge their bosses to have transformational leadership and the teachers who judge their boss to have transactional leadership, (3) to know the difference in organizational commitment between teachers who receive distributive equity treatment equally unevenly. This study uses quantitative approach with ex post facto method through 2x2 factorial design. The result of hypothesis testing indicates that there is (1) a very significant difference in organizational commitment that assesses school leadership with transformational leadership and transactional leadership, (2) there is a significant difference on the teacher's organizational commitment that assesses the principal with distributive fairness equally unequally, 3) there is a significant interaction influence between school leadership and distributive justice on teacher organizational commitment, (4) in distributive distributive group, teachers' the organizational commitment assesses school principals with transformational leadership higher than transactional leadership, and (5) in unequal distributive justice group, teacher's organizational commitments assesses principals with transformational leadership higher than transactional leadership.
HUBUNGAN KEADILAN ORGANISASI, PERSEPSI DUKUNGAN ORGANISASI DENGAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB) GURU DI JAKARTA TIMUR, INDONESIA
Authors: Supadi Supadi , Sujanto Bedjo , Soraya Evitha
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

This study aims to obtain real information of the relationship between Organizational justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), the relationship between the Perceived Organizational Support (POS) and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, the relationship between the combined organizational justice and the perceived organizational support (POS) on the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) The method used in this research is a survey with correlational techniques using instrument in data collection. The study was conducted at state senior high schools in East Jakarta, 2017. The total of population was 2156, with 96 samples selected by performing Slovinâ€™s formula. The results showed that the organizational justice has positive relationship with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Also, the perceived organizational support is positively related with organizational citizenship behavior. At last, the combined organizational justice and the perceived organizational support have positive relationship with the organizational citizenship behavior.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI DENGAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB) GURU DI SMA NEGERI SE JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Supadi Supadi , Listyasari Winda Dewi
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between work environment and motivation with organizational citizenship behavior of public sma teachers in east jakarta. This research is a quantitative research with 3 variables in it are: (X1) work environment as independent variable, (X2) Motivation as independent variable and (Y) organizational citizenship behavior as dependent variable.The research method used is survey method with correlational study result. The population in this study is the public smp teachers in kecataman pulogadung. Samples were taken using Simple Random sampling technique or simple random sampling. Based on the technique, the sample size used in this research is 96  employees. Data collection for work environment variable (X1), motivation (X2) and organizational citizenship behavior (Y) using questionnaire The result of the research shows that: (1) there is a positive relationship between work environment with organizational citizenship behaviorI (OCB); (2) there is positive relationship between motivation with organizational citizenship behavior (OCB); (3) there is positive relation between work environment and motivation -together with organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)