bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amphibian diversity in the Waterfall of Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra
Authors: Samitra Dian , Rozi Zico Fakhrur
Published: January 2021

Lubuklinggau has many natural location that supports life of amphibians. Temam and Sando waterfall area were part of them. This study aims to determine diversity amphibian in the Temam and Sando Waterfall, Lubuklinggau City.  The study was conducted from June to July 2020. The collection data used Visual Encounter Survey (VES) techniques and time search. he data were analyzed using relative abundance, and indexes of diversity, evenness, similarity, and dominance. 11 species of amphibians belonging to 5 families were found during the study. Odorrana hosii was found mostly during the study. Amphibian diversity in the waterfall of Lubuklinggau City was categorized as low.
Romatolojik hastalıklarda tuzak nöropatileri: Konservatif tedavi
Authors: DİLEK Banu
Published: January 2021

Tuzak nöropatiler üst ve alt ekstremitede görülmektedir. Konservatif tedavi yaklaşımları cerrahi öncesi mutlaka denenmelidir. Bu derlemede romatizmal hastalıklarda sık görülen tuzak nöropatiler ve konservatif tedavi önerilerinin kanıta dayalı veriler eşliğinde sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Implantação de hortas agroecológicas em duas escolas no município de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ - Brasil
Authors: Dos Santos Ferreira Marcelo , De Souza Aguilar Raynan , Santiago Alves Patrícia , Carvalho de Souza Santos Gabriela , Cunha Coelho Fábio
Published: January 2021

Fator essencial para a qualidade de vida humana é a ingestão de alimentos saudáveis. A produção agrícola nacional está apoiada nas práticas herdadas pela "Revolução Verde", pautadas na intensificação do uso de insumos e tecnologias, em especial os agrotóxicos. A agroecologia surgiu como contraponto a esse modelo. O ambiente escolar é local propício a realização de atividades que visam refletir sobre educação e sustentabilidade, com o desejável envolvimento de alunos, professores e demais funcionários. O presente trabalho relata a implantação de hortas de base agroecológica em dois colégios estaduais de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ -Brasil nos anos de 2018/2019, bem como incentivar a produção e consumo consciente. As atividades foram organizadas em 9 módulos/aulas, executados de forma integral na escola A e parcial na escola B, devido a carência de condições ideais para esta ação completa. Foram por volta de 90 estudantes beneficiados, somado a 60 pessoas atingidas pela Feira de Ciências realizada pela escola A. O envolvimento dos estudantes comprova que ações extracurriculares e interdisciplinares como as hortas escolares tem grande potencial de formação no meio escolar.
Recanto do Cinema: Cultura Audiovisual na Periferia
Authors: Freire Junior Josias José , Fonseca Bárbara De Barros , Sodré Diego Azevedo , Rossato Leonardo Barbosa , Soares Luiz Guilmerme Burlamaqui
Published: January 2021

A linguagem audiovisual em geral e, especificamente, o cinema, possui uma relevância amplamente reconhecida em contextos educacionais, sejam formais ou não formais. Como experiência de encontro e alteridade, crítica e reflexão, o cinema pode ressignificar na escola a experiência de aprender e ensinar. Apresenta-se, pois, um relato de experiência do Projeto de extensão Recanto do Cinema: Cultura Audiovisual na Periferia, desenvolvido no Instituto Federal de Brasília, em 2019. O objetivo do Projeto foi proporcionar um ambiente de aprendizagem crítica e criativa por meio da relação entre escola e comunidade, através da prática de exibição audiovisual que caracteriza o cineclube. A relação entre escola e comunidade se mostrou significativa no contexto deste projeto, ressaltando o caráter formativo e transformador do audiovisual, tanto para escola quanto para a comunidade atendida. Como resultados alcançados pelo projeto, destaca-se a importante integração escola-comunidade. Especialmente para os envolvidos na execução do projeto, o Recanto do Cinema representou uma oportunidade singular de vivenciar os potenciais formativos e transformadores da extensão, bem como os muitos e relevantes significados do audiovisual para a educação.
A educação em saúde para além dos muros do Instituto Federal Fluminense
Authors: Faial Ligia Cordeiro Matos , Faial Cidllan Silveira Gomes , Furtado Alexcievenny Oliveira , Ribeiro João Mateus Ferreira , Silva Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade , Pereira Eliane Ramos
Published: January 2021

Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, tipo relato de experiência, com objetivo descrever a experiência da sessão de educação em saúde aos alunos adolescentes do ensino médio no Colégio Estadual Maria da Conceição Pereira Pinto. A realização desta proposta pedagógica em saúde extencionista surge do exitoso projeto piloto de educação em saúde aos alunos do Instituto Federal Fluminense. Neste projeto foram trabalhados temáticas escolhidas pelo público juvenil apoiadas no lúdico e da arte. A experiência pedagógica lúdica em saúde fora dos muros institucionais, despertou entre seus pares interesse de aprender brincando. Marcadas pelo ineditismo e norteadas pela recreação as sessões produziram conhecimento oportuno para aquisição de normas de comportamentos saudáveis. A arte e o lúdico são facilitadores para o ensino em saúde, já que estabelece vínculo e derruba barreiras que distanciam os profissionais de saúde e adolescentes com foco no equilíbrio biopsicossocial juvenil. A estratégia pedagógica do discente reorganiza o pensar e fazer saúde na escola, ao produzir o saber, previne comportamento de riscos, frente as vulnerabilidades vivenciadas, e transforma o indivíduo em protagonista do autocuidado.
A inclusão digital de idosos e o êxito na construção de um curso de extensão
Authors: Delfino Hênio , Gomes da Silva Aline , Schimith Da Silva Patrick , Dos Santos de Sousa Eduarda
Published: January 2021

O exposto trabalho aborda que no mundo informatizado é de extrema relevância que todos os grupos se sintam pertencentes a ele, não só para interesses pessoais, mas para a sua integração na sociedade. A internet se tornou um interessante espaço democrático ao discorrer sobre a promoção do acesso à informação e tem hoje importante papel na diversificação das formas de ensinar e aprender, entretanto, só tem acesso aos benefícios do mundo virtual, aquele que o domina minimamente. Ao tratar do manejo das novas tecnologias, cada geração lida de maneira diferenciada, por isso os que não são “nativos digitais”, no caso dos idosos, podem se sentir deslocados. As instituições de ensino são agentes transformadores da sociedade e o Instituto Federal de Brasília, Campus Planaltina é um delas. Nele foi proposto um curso de extensão denominado “Informática para a melhor idade”, objetivando promover a aprendizagem na área de informática básica para pessoas idosas. Das 15 vagas ofertadas, 12 foram preenchidas e 8 estudantes concluíram com êxito. Para eles, o curso oportunizou a aprendizagem dos conteúdos sobre informática e propiciou o sentimento de pertencimento ao grupo, criando laços de amizades e motivando para novos projetos.
App English at Enem: a aprendizagem da língua inglesa através de dispositivos móveis
Authors: Araujo Thamiris Oliveira , Figueiredo Milena Ferreira de
Published: January 2021

O projeto de extensão aqui apresentado teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo educacional gratuito para aprendizagem da língua inglesa no que tange à habilidade de leitura. O enfoque nesta habilidade constituiu o cerne pedagógico deste app por conta da importância do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem), que demanda leitura e interpretação de diversos gêneros discursivos em uma língua estrangeira. A metodologia do projeto incluiu etapas de pesquisa, prática, divulgação e avaliação. O aplicativo foi desenvolvido em uma plataforma online gratuita e abrange questões de provas passadas do Enem e questões elaboradas pela equipe com base na estrutura do Enem. Após sua finalização, o aplicativo foi testado por voluntários e por alunos em oficinas e divulgado por meio de eventos acadêmicos e das redes sociais. Espera-se que o uso deste aplicativo contribua para o fortalecimento da competência linguística dos usuários.
Empreendedor IF: desenvolvendo a cultura da inovação e do empreendedorismo no Campus Juiz de Fora
Authors: Magalhães Silva Elias Gabriel , Santos Larissa Müller , Polito Raquel Fernandes , Pinto Jefferson de Almeida
Published: January 2021

Trata-se de uma ação extensionista que busca possibilitar a união entre teoria e prática na criação e gerenciamento de ideias e negócios inovadores. Envolve alunos, servidores, comunidade e outras entidades parceiras. Visa agregar conhecimentos e estimular um intercâmbio de ideias entre a comunidade acadêmica, difundindo, dessa forma, a cultura da inovação e do empreendedorismo. Atua por meio de cursos, minicursos, palestras, seminários, oficinas e apresentação de “cases de sucesso”.
Educação ambiental como instrumento de sensibilização à preservação de nascentes em distritos de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ
Authors: Do Espírito Santo Maria Eduarda Moço , Menezes Gabriel Da Glória , Machado Coelho Mayara Terra , De Oliveira Vicente De Paulo Santos
Published: January 2021

O município de Campos dos Goytacazes tem como abrangência quatro bacias hidrográficas importantes para abastecimento de água e energia da região. Historicamente, a região sempre foi alvo da atividade expansionista da agricultura, principalmente no setor sucroalcooleiro. Este trabalho propõe realizar educação ambiental para sensibilizar a população local e a comunidade acadêmica das condições ambientais das nascentes de distritos do município. Primeiramente é feito o diagnóstico ambiental das nascentes nos distritos do município por meio de saídas de campo levando em consideração o estado de conservação da cobertura vegetal e da qualidade da água, da qual são realizadas análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. Os resultados desse diagnóstico são utilizados para educação ambiental, proporcionada mediante apresentações em eventos, palestras e artigos científicos. Conclui-se que ocorreram modificações nas nascentes cuja causa pode ser as influências antrópicas, tendo, assim, a sociedade um papel essencial na preservação das nascentes. As atividades de educação ambiental deste trabalho informam e sensibilizam sobre o estado das nascentes e sobre a necessária recuperação de sua mata ciliar, protegida por lei como área de preservação permanente.
La lucha de los antiguos trabajadores forzados españoles del III Reich por ser reconocidos como víctimas del nazismo (1956-1972)
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Antonio
Published: January 2021

El artículo se ocupa de un capítulo poco conocido del exilio de la Guerra Civil: el combate que miles de españoles forzados a trabajar para los alemanes durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial libraron años más tarde para lograr una indemnización de la RFA como víctimas del nazismo. Comienza trazando las líneas maestras de la historia de los trabajadores forzados españoles en la Europa de Hitler. Prosigue con una somera descripción de la política de indemnización a las víctimas del III Reich impulsada por el gobierno de Konrad Adenauer. Por último, disecciona, en base a documentación primaria, el largo y complejo proceso administrativo y judicial que acabó llevando a aquellos republicanos españoles a ser reconocidos, del mismo modo que sus compañeros deportados a Mauthausen, como perseguidos por el nazismo y obtener así una indemnización alemana.
El movimiento de objeción de conciencia e insumisión en España (1971-2002)
Authors: Oliver Olmo Pedro
Published: January 2021

Hacemos una síntesis y un análisis de la movilización antimili y antimilitarista en la España de finales del siglo XX. Se enfoca como un nuevo movimiento social que desarrolló un ciclo de tres décadas de movilización subdividido en seis etapas, entre 1971 y 2002. Los objetores, partiendo de la noviolencia, construyeron una identidad y un consenso ideológico que perduraron gracias a la continuidad ininterrumpida del grupo fundacional, el MOC (Movimiento de Objeción de Conciencia). En la década de 1980 la movilización se diversificó con la creación de los colectivos Mili KK. Los grupos antimilitaristas, entre la rivalidad y la coordinación, compartieron dos valores fundamentales: el antimilitarismo y la desobediencia civil. Fue la perseverancia en la desobediencia civil la que lo hizo singular, históricamente hablando, pues gracias a ella se acentuó la impopularidad de la mili y la crisis del sistema de reclutamiento.
Un breve recorrido por la historia del Partido del Trabajo de España (PTE)
Authors: Díaz Macías Ernesto M.
Published: January 2021

La historia de la izquierda revolucionar en la Transición española ha sido marginada por la historia oficial. El Partido del Trabajo de España (PTE) fue la organización comunista más grande, pero su historia es desconocida. En este artículo intentamos recuperar apuntes relacionados con su historia.
Dialogar con la complejidad cotidiana. Una refugiada española bajo la ocupación de Francia
Authors: Martínez Martínez Alba
Published: January 2021

Este artículo realiza un recorrido por los años de la Ocupación de Francia a partir del análisis del diario de una joven refugiada española que vivó en zona ocupada y mantuvo una relación estrecha con los ocupantes. Nos proponemos entender cómo se articuló su cotidianidad bajo aquel régimen y en qué medida el género y su condición de refugiada fueron elementos significantes de las relaciones de poder que entabló con los alemanes. Para ello, estructuramos nuestro estudio a partir de cuatro escenarios que recogieron diferentes imágenes, relaciones y formas de entender la Ocupación: el espacio laboral, el hogar y la comunidad, la ciudad de Burdeos y sus lugares de ocio, y la Liberación. Intentamos poner de relieve la agencia femenina para hacer frente a una cotidianidad excepcional, contradictoria y sumamente compleja.
Jorge Ramos Tolosa; Diego Checa Hidalgo (coords.), Comprender Palestina-Israel: Estudios pluridisciplinares y decoloniales, Granada, Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2019, 246 páginas
Authors: Olivieri Chiara
Published: January 2021

Reseña
Territorios en Formación : diez años promoviendo la investigación
Authors: Abad Alva Aarón A. , Sierra Valdivieso Lorena
Published: January 2021

Territorios en Formación : diez años promoviendo la investigación
La producción del espacio en el océano Ártico ruso entre 1991 y 2020: de tendencia silvestre del territorio a paisaje operativo urbano = The production of space in the Russian Arctic ocean between 1991 and 2020: from wilderness trend of the territory to urban operational landscape
Authors: Morell López Javier
Published: January 2021

ResumenEl deshielo de la banquisa polar ártica y la consecuente mejor accesibilidad marítima al océano Ártico están produciendo cambios en la geopolítica global. La Federación de Rusia, consciente de su nueva privilegiada posición estratégica, está realizando grandes esfuerzos para volver a dominar parte de esta región, experimentándose un auge militar con el fin de movilizar el territorio como fuerza productiva. El creciente flujo de mercancías y capitales, la extracción de recursos naturales y el turismo, están transformando el Ártico ruso de territorio salvaje a paisaje operativo de la urbanización planetaria. En este artículo se estudian estos fenómenos desde una geopolítica crítica y cómo se está produciendo el espacio en torno a ellos.AbstractThe melting of the Arctic ice floe and the consequent improved maritime accessibility to the Arctic Ocean are producing changes in global geopolitics. The Russian Federation, aware of its new privileged strategic position, is making great efforts to re-dominate part of this region, experiencing a military boom in order to mobilize the territory as a productive force. The growing flow of goods and capital, the extraction of natural resources and tourism are transforming the Russian Arctic from a wild territory into an operational landscape of planetary urbanization. In this article we study these phenomena from a critical geopolitical perspective and how space is being produced around them.
Vine mealybugs disrupt biomass allocation in grapevine
Authors: Schulze-Sylvester Maria , Corronca José Antonio , Paris Carolina Ivon
Published: January 2021

Vine mealybug Planococcus ficus Signoret (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an important phloem-feeding pest species in many grapevine producing areas worldwide. The economic damage of P. ficus is thought to be mainly caused by sooty mould on infested grape clusters and transmission of plant viruses. Direct damage caused by mealybug feeding to grapevine plants (Vitis vinifera, L.) has only been vaguely described or otherwise completely discarded. The present study is the first to give an insight into the direct impacts of P. ficus on vegetative growth and biomass dynamics of grapevine plants. In a screenhouse, three-year-old, potted grapevine plants were infested with mealybugs at two different densities, imitating high and low field infestation levels. Mealybug numbers, plant biomass, leaf area, leaf size and leaf number were monitored over six months and compared to a control treatment without mealybugs. High infestation levels reduced leaf and stem biomass by one third, while low levels of P. ficus impacted only stem biomass, indicating a higher sensibility of the perennial parts of the plant or a reallocation of biomass. Leaf area, size and number were not affected by mealybug feeding.In conclusion, grapevine response to P. ficus is gradual and involves different plant parts depending on the severity of the attack.  Contrary to previous assumptions, this study demonstrates considerable direct impacts of mealybug feeding on temporal and perennial parts of grapevine plants.
The Ecology of Plant Interactions: A Giant with Feet of Clay
Authors: Cabal Ciro , Martínez-García Ricardo , Valladares Fernando
Published: January 2021

Ecologists use the net biotic interactions among plants as a major factor to predict other ecosystem features, such as species diversity, community structure, or plant atmospheric carbon uptake. By adopting this approach, ecologists have built a giant body of theory founded on observational evidence. However, growing evidence points out that this may not be the right approach. The literature addressing the biophysical mechanisms underlying the plant interactions is much scarcer. A rising number of scientists claim the need for a mechanistic understanding of plant interactions due to the limitations that a phenomenological approach raises both in empirical and theoretical studies. Scattered studies have recently taken such a mechanistic approach, but we still lack a general theoretical framework to study mechanistically plant interactions. In this review, we first recapitulate the elementary units of plant interactions, i.e., all the known biophysical processes affected by the presence of an influencing plant and the possible phenotypic responses of plants influenced by those processes. Second, we discuss how a net interaction between two plants emerges from the simultaneous effect of these elementary units. Third, we touch upon the spatial and temporal variability of the net interaction and discuss the links between this variability and the underlying biophysical processes. We conclude by discussing how to integrate these processes into a mechanistic framework for plant interactions that must necessarily focus on the individual scale and explicitly incorporate the spatial structure of the community and environmental factors: the plant interaction models (PIM). A PIM incorporates a pair or few plants interacting with their physical environment so that the biotic interaction is not imposed but emerges from the model. This type of model can provide concise, mechanistic hypotheses to be tested empirically. This review calls for a paradigm shift in the ecology of plant interactions, from the classic species interaction study towards a more mechanistic individual-level approach. It also presents a comprehensive foundation for studying the mechanisms underpinning the net interaction between two plants.
The Proteolytic Activation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
Authors: Künnapuu Jaana , Bokharaie Hanieh , Jeltsch Michael
Published: January 2021

Specific proteolytic cleavages turn on, modify, or turn off the activity of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Proteolysis is most prominent among the lymph­angiogenic VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which are synthesized as precursors that need to undergo enzymatic removal of their C- and N-terminal propeptides before they can activate their receptors. The activating cleavage of VEGF-C is mediated by at least five different proteases: plasmin, ADAMTS3, prostate-specific antigen, cathepsin D, and thrombin. All of these proteases except for ADAMTS3 can also activate VEGF-D. Processing by different proteases results in distinct forms of the "mature" growth factors, which differ in affinity and receptor activation potential. The “default” VEGF-C-activating enzyme ADAMTS3 does not activate VEGF-D and therefore, VEGF-C and VEGF-D do function in different contexts. VEGF-C itself is also regulated in different contexts by different proteases. During embryonic development, ADAMTS3 activates VEGF-C. In contrast, thrombin and plasmin likely activate VEGF-C/-D during tissue injury-induced lymphangiogenesis, and PSA and cathepsin D perhaps during tumor-associated pathological lymphangio­genesis. Additionally, cathepsin D from saliva might activate latent VEGF-C/-D upon wound licking, thereby accelerating healing. Similar to tyrosine kinase receptors and VEGFs themselves, these activating proteases could be targeted to modulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in relevant diseases.
Female Germ Cell Development, Functioning and Associated Adversities Under Unfavorable Circumstances
Authors: Bharti Dinesh , Tikka Manisha , Lee Sang-Yun , Bok Eun-Yeong , Lee Hyeon-Jeong , Rho Gyu Jin
Published: January 2021

In the present era, infertility is one of the major issues which restricts many couples to have their own kids. Infertility is the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after regular unprotected sexual intercourse for the period of one year or more. Various factors including defective male or female germ cell development, unhealthy and improper lifestyles, diseases like cancer and associated chemo-or-radiation therapies, congenital disorders etc. may be responsible for infertility. Therefore, it is highly important to understand the basic concepts of germ cell development including primordial germ cell (PGC) formation, specification, migration, entry to genital ridges and their molecular mechanisms, activated pathways, paracrine and autocrine signaling, along with possible alteration which can hamper germ cell development and can cause adversities like cancer progression and infertility. Knowing all these aspects in a proper way can be very much helpful in improving our understanding about gametogenesis and finding possible ways to cure related disorders. Here in this review, various aspects of gametogenesis especially female gametes and relevant factors causing functional impairment have been thoroughly discussed.
Development of Cryogenic Detectors for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Searches
Authors: Beretta Mattia , Pagnanini Lorenzo
Published: January 2021

Searching for neutrinoless double beta decay is a top priority in particle and astroparticle physics, being the most sensitive test of lepton number violation and the only suitable process to probe the Majorana nature of neutrinos. In order to increase the experimental sensitivity for this particular search, ton-scale detectors operated at nearly zero-background conditions with a few keV energy resolution are required. In this scenario, cryogenic detectors have proven effective in addressing many of these issues simultaneously. After long technical developments, the CUORE experiment established the possibility to operate large scale detectors based on this technology. Parallel studies pointed out that scintillating cryogenic detectors represent a suitable upgrade for the CUORE design, directed towards higher sensitivities. In this work, we review the recent development of cryogenic detectors, starting from the status of the art and outlying the path toward next-generation experiments.
Thromboxane A2 Receptor Antagonist (ONO-8809) Attenuates the Renal Disorders Caused by Salt-Overload in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Nagatani Yusuke , Higashino Toshihide , Kinoshita Kosho , Higashino Hideaki
Published: January 2021

Background. Epidemiological and clinical studies demonstrated that excessive salt intake causes severe hypertension and exacerbated organ derangement such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we focused on evaluating histological and gene-expression findings in the kidney using stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) with high-salt intake and thromboxane A2/ prostaglandin H2 receptor (TPR) blocker ONO-8809. Methods. SHRSP aged 6 weeks were divided into three groups eating normal chow containing 0.4% NaCl, 2.0%NaCl, or 2.0%NaCl +ONO-8809 (0.6mg/kg p.o. daily). Histological analyses with immunohistochemistry and a gene-expression assay with a DNA kidney microarray were performed after 8 weeks. Results. The following changes were observed with high-salt intake. Glomerular sclerotic changes were remarkably observed in the juxtaglomerular cortex areas. ED1, MCP-1, nitrotyrosine, and HIF-1α staining areas were increased in the glomeruli and interstitial portion. Tbxa2r which encodes TPR, Prcp, and Car7 were significantly underexpressed in the kidney. The plasma 8-isoprostane level was significantly elevated, and was attenuated with ONO-8809 treatment. Conclusion. TXA2 and oxidative stresses exaggerated renal dysfunction in salt-loading SHRSP, and ONO-8809 as a TPR blocker suppressed these changes. Therefore, ONO-8809 is a candidate drug to prevent CKD for hypertensive patients associated with high-salt intake.
Person Centered Health Promotion: Learning from 10 Years of Practice Within Long Term Conditions
Authors: Downey John , Bloxham Saul , Jane Ben , Layden Joseph D. , Vaughan Sam
Published: January 2021

The utilization of person centered care is highlighted as essential for health promotion, yet implementation has been inconsistent and multiple issues remain. There is a dearth of applied re-search exploring the facets of successful implementation. In this paper, a person centered wellbeing program spanning various groups is discussed outlining the central principles that have allowed for successful outcomes. The main data emerges from 10 years of pragmatic pre-post service evaluation. Measures of functional capacity and wellbeing were captured using validated measures. The method for this paper is a narrative exploration of the theory and practices that can explain the continual improvement the clinics have achieved over 10 years. Core principles relate to connecting with people, connecting through groups, and connecting with self. The operationalization and theoretical explanation of these principles is outlined alongside 10 years of data which shows sustained improvement in a range of outcomes. The discussion of these principles posits essential factors to prioritize to advance the implementation of person centered care in health promotion for long term conditions.
Male Sexual Preference for Female Swimming Activity in the Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
Authors: Bierbach David , Wenchel Ronja , Gehrig Stefan , Wersing Serafina , O’Connor Olivia L. , Krause Jens
Published: January 2021

Mate choice that is based on behavioural traits is a common feature in the animal kingdom. Using the Trinidadian guppy, a species with mutual mate choice, we investigated whether males use female swimming activity – a behavioural trait known to differ consistently among individuals in many species – as a trait relevant for their mate choice. In a first experiment, we assessed male and female activity in an open field test alone (two repeated measures) and afterwards in heterosexual pairs (two repeated measures). In these pairs, we simultaneously assessed males’ mating efforts by counting number of sexual behaviours (courtship displays and copulation). Male and female guppies showed consistent individual differences in their swimming activity when tested both alone and in a pair, and these differences were maintained across both test situations. When controlling for male swimming behaviour and both male and female body size, males performed more courtship displays towards females with higher swimming activity. In a second experiment, we tested for a directional male preference for swimming activity by presenting males video animations of low and high active females in a dichotomous choice test. In congruence with experiment 1, we found males to spend significantly more time in association with the high active female stimulus. Both experiments thus point towards a directional male preference for higher activity levels in females. We discuss the adaptive significance of this preference as activity patterns might indicate individual female quality, health or reproductive state while, mechanistically, females that are more active might be more detectable to males as well.
A Visual Analytics Approach for Finding Geospatial and Temporal Patterns From covid19 Government Backed Business Support Scheme
Authors: Das Arunav
Published: January 2021

Bounce Back Loan is amongst a number of UK business financial support schemes launched by UK Government in 2020 amidst pandemic lockdown. Through these schemes, struggling businesses are provided financial support to weather economic slowdown from pandemic lockdown. £43.5bn loan value has been provided as of 17th Dec2020. However, with no major checks for granting these loans and looming prospect of loan losses from write-offs from failed businesses and fraud, this paper theorizes prospect of applying spatiotemporal modelling technique to explore if geospatial patterns and temporal analysis could aid design of loan grant criteria for schemes. Application of Clustering and Visual Analytics framework to business demographics, survival rate and Sector concentration shows Inner and Outer London spatial patterns which historic business failures and reversal of the patterns under COVID-19 implying sector influence on spatial clusters. Combination of unsupervised clustering technique with multinomial logistic regression modelling on research datasets complimented by additional datasets on other support schemes, business structure and financial crime, is recommended for modelling business vulnerability to certain types of financial market or economic condition. The limitations of clustering technique for high dimensional is discussed along with relevance of an applicable model for continuing the research through next steps
Hazardous Solid Waste Confined in Closed Dump Sites: An Urgent Environmental Liability to Attend
Authors: González-Arqueros M.Lourdes , Domínguez-Vázquez Gabriela , Alfaro-Cuevas-Villanueva Ruth , Israde-Alcántara Isabel , Buenrostro-Delgado Otoniel
Published: January 2021

The soil and water contamination by metals from hazardous waste confined with urban solid wastes, highlights the importance of enhance the monitoring of disposal sites once closed. It is common to fail to comply with the regulations on their location, operation and post-closure, and located in areas that affect the environment and the health of the population. In the closed dump of Morelia, contamination of the soil and groundwater by leachates with heavy metals in the water from supply wells has been reported. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of heavy metals and arsenic in the confined wastes of the Morelia closed dump, in order to diagnose the affectation from the contaminants. Composition, degradation status and the presence of heavy metals were analyzed in samples of confined solid wastes from eight wells with different age of confinement. The results of this study ratify the contamination of the leachates of the site and are associated with the contamination of the water for human consumption in the area. The actual regulation does not apply in the case of urban solid waste, so it is crucial to regulate monitoring and management for correct decision-making during post-closure management.
Determinants of Capital Structure in Financial Institutions: Evidence from selected Micro Finance Institutions of Ethiopia
Authors: Orkaido Kanbiro
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to identify MFIs specific determinants of capital structure of selected micro finance institutions in Ethiopia. The researcher employed quantitative research approach with explanatory research design. The result of regression analysis showed that out that variables like growth, profitability, firm size, age, and asset tangibility have positive and statistically significant effect on leverage ratio. Whereas, profitability has statistically significant and negative effect on capital structure. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher concluded that the firm specific determinants of capital structure of micro finance institutions in Ethiopia were growth, profitability, firm size, age, and asset tangibility.
Probiotics in rehabilitation of children after acute intestinal infections
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorbunov S.G.
Published: January 2021

The article contains information about how often and why acute intestinal infections in children can have adverse outcomes, describes their clinical picture and the pathogenetic basis of development. The significance of an impaired microbiota in the development of post-infectious functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in childhood is emphasized. Data are presented on the beneficial properties of functional food products containing probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis BB-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, the use of which makes it possible to correct the imbalance in the gut microbiota and to manage intestinal dysfunction, thus ensuring rehabilitation of patients. Key words: dysbiosis, microbiota, acute intestinal infections, probiotics, rehabilitation, functional nutrition
Long-term follow-up of a patient with eosinophilic oesophagitis
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Morkovina A.V. , Kulikova N.D. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Lapina T.L. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Yuryeva E.Yu. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Storonova O.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Paraskevova A.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Tertychnyy A.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Pavlov P.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Trukhmanov A.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ivashkin V.T. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

A young man with complaints of dysphagia and heartburn had the diagnosis of eosinophilic oesophagitis verified at the age of 21 based on a typical endoscopic picture (transverse rings, oesophageal stricture) and histological examination (significant eosinophilic infiltration of the oesophageal mucosa). According to his medical history, at the age of 7 the patient was diagnosed with bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, the manifestation of eosinophilic oesophagitis also occurred in childhood, and at the age of 14 an oesophageal stricture was found. Initial treatment with fluticasone and proton pump inhibitors resulted in achievement of clinical, endoscopic and histological remission. The article presents the dynamic course of eosinophilic oesophagitis over a 4-year period; the patient’s refusal of medication or withdrawal of fluticasone, quitting of the elimination diet was followed by clinical or histological worsening. Marked histological changes in the oesophageal mucosa might have not been accompanied by complaints of dysphagia neither a typical endoscopic picture could be observed. Maintenance therapy with topical steroids should be administered for a long period, and histological remission is an important criterion of its effectiveness. Key words: eosinophilic oesophagitis, fluticasone, topical steroids, proton pump inhibitor, remission
DEVELOPMENT OF E-MODULES IN ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSES WITH THE BIM SYSTEM BUILDING MODELING APPLICATION
Authors: Setiami Rista , Maulana Arris
Published: January 2021

This research was aimed to develop e-modules on Drawing Engineering Course at  Building Engineering Education Study Program so that college students can improve their understanding about BIM and the use of Autodesk Revit Software. The research method used Research and Development (R&D) with ADDIE  research model. (1) Analyze, distributed needs analysis questionnaires. (2) Design, carryed out concept design, display, and e-modules material. (3) Development, realized and validated e-modules. (4) Implementation, conducted limited trials and distributed college student response questionnaires. (5) Evaluation, processed the results of trials and the results of college student responses. The result of media expert validation was 83% (very decent). The result of theory expert validation was 91% (very decent). The results of college student responses was 79% (decent). The significance value (2-tailed) of t test was 0.017 it indicated there were changes between the result of  pretest and the result of post test. Then, t value was -3,292 which meant that the change was significant.
Development of a decision support intervention for family members of adults who lack capacity to consent to trials
Authors: Shepherd Victoria , Wood Fiona , Griffith Richard , Sheehan Mark , Hood Kerenza
Published: January 2021

BackgroundInformed consent is required for participation in clinical trials, however trials involving adults who lack capacity to consent require different enrolment processes. A family member usually acts as a proxy to make a decision based on the patient’s ‘presumed will’, but these decisions can be challenging and families may experience an emotional and decisional burden. Decisions made on behalf of others are conceptually different from those made for ourselves. Innovations have been developed to improve informed consent processes for research, including a number of decision aids, however there are no interventions for proxies who are faced with more complex decisions. This article outlines the development of a novel decision aid to support families making decisions about research participation on behalf of an adult who lacks capacity to consent. MethodsDecision support interventions should be developed using rigorous and evidence-based methods. This intervention was developed using MRC guidance for the development of complex interventions, and a conceptual framework for the development and evaluation of decision aids for people considering taking part in a clinical trial. The intervention was informed by a systematic review and analysis of existing information provision. Previous qualitative research with families who acted as proxies enabled the development of a theoretical framework to underpin the intervention. The intervention was iteratively developed with the involvement of lay advisors and relevant stakeholders. ResultsPrevious research, theoretical frameworks, and decision aid development frameworks were used to identify and develop the intervention components. The decision aid includes information about the proxy’s role and utilises a values clarification exercise and decision support methods to enable a more informed and better-quality decision. Stakeholders, including those representing implementers and receivers of the intervention, contributed to the design and comprehensibility of the decision aid to ensure that it would be acceptable for use.ConclusionsFrameworks for the development of decision aids for people considering participating in a clinical trial can be used to develop interventions for family members acting as proxy decision-makers. The decision support tool is acceptable to users. Feasibility testing and outcome measure development is required prior to any evaluation of its effectiveness.
There is no Dose-response Relationship between Allogeneic Blood Transfusion and Healthcare-associated Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lv Yu , Xiang Qian , Lin Jia , Jin Ying Zong , Fang Ying , Cai Hong M , Wei Qiong D , Wang Hui , Wang Chen , Chen Jing , Ye Jian , Xie Caixia , Li Ting L , Wu Yu J
Published: January 2021

Background The association between allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) and healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is considered dose-dependent. However, this association may be confounded by transfusion duration, as prolonged hospitalization stay increases the risk of HAI. Also, it is not clear whether specific blood products have different dose-response risks.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, a logistic regression was used to identify confounding factors, and the association between specific blood products and HAI were analyzed. Then Cox regression and restricted cubic spline regression was used to visualize the hazard of HAI per transfusion product.Results Of 215338 inpatients observed, 4.16% were transfused with a single component blood product. With regard to these transfused patients, 480 patients (5.36 %) developed a HAI during their hospitalization stay. Logistic regression showed that red blood cells (RBCs) transfusion, platelets transfusion and fresh-frozen plasmas (FFPs) transfusion were risk factors for HAI [odds ratio (OR) 1.893, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.656–2.163; OR 8.903, 95% CI 6.646–11.926 and OR 1.494, 95% CI 1.146–1.949, respectively]. However, restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed that there was no statistically dose-response relationship between different transfusion products and the onset of HAI.Conclusions RBCs transfusion, platelets transfusion and FFPs transfusion were associated with HAI, but there was no dose-response relationship between them.
Large-area synthesis of nanoscopic catalyst-decorated conductive MOF film using microfluidic-based solution shearing
Authors: Kim Jin-Oh , Koo Won-Tae , Kim Hanul , Park Chungseong , Hutomo Calvin , Choi Siyoung Q. , Kim Il-Doo , Park Steve
Published: January 2021

Conductive metal-organic framework (C-MOF) thin-films have a wide variety of potential applications in the field of electronics, sensors, and energy devices. The immobilization of various functional species within the pores of C-MOFs can further improve the performance and extend the potential applications of C-MOFs thin-films. However, there are currently no effective strategies for facile and scalable synthesis of high quality ultra-thin C-MOFs while simultaneously immobilizing functional species within the MOF pores. Here, we develop microfluidic channel-embedded solution-shearing (MiCS) for ultra-fast (≤ 5 mm/s) and large-area synthesis of high-quality nanocatalyst-embedded C-MOF thin-films with thickness controllability down to tens of nanometers. The MiCS method synthesizes nanoscopic catalyst-embedded C-MOF particles within the microfluidic channels, and simultaneously grows catalyst-embedded C-MOF thin-film uniformly over a large area using solution shearing. The thin-film displays highest nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing properties at room temperature in air amongst two-dimensional materials, owing to the high surface area and porosity of the ultra-thin C-MOFs, and the catalytic activity of the nanoscopic catalysts embedded in the C-MOFs. Therefore, our method, i.e. MiCS, can open new avenues of highly active and conductive porous materials for various applications.
Tension Release Therapy: The Development of a New Integrated Behavioural Intervention for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Preece Stephen , Brookes Nathan , Williams Anita , Jones Richard , Starbuck Chelsea , Jones Anthony , Walsh Nicola
Published: January 2021

Background: Exercise-based approaches have been a cornerstone of physiotherapy management of knee osteoarthritis for many years. However, the magnitude of clinical effect is considered small to modest and the need for continued adherence identified as a barrier to clinical efficacy. While many exercise-based approaches incorporate an educational/coping component alongside muscle strengthening, there has been no previous attempt to integrate psychological techniques with muscle retraining. Building on these ideas, the aim of this study was to create a new integrated behavioural intervention for knee osteoarthritis, suitable for delivery by a physiotherapist.Methods: Through literature review, we created a framework linking theory from pain science with emerging biomechanical concepts related to knee muscle co-contraction. Using recognised behaviour change theory, we then mapped a set of intervention components which were iteratively developed through ongoing testing and consultation with users.Results: The underlying framework incorporated ideas related to central sensitisation to pain, maladaptive motor responses to pain and also focused on the idea that increased knee muscle co-contraction could result from changes in postural tone. Building on these ideas, we created an intervention with five components: making sense of pain, general relaxation, postural deconstruction, responding differently to pain and functional muscle retraining. The intervention incorporated a range of animated instructional videos to communicate concepts related to pain and biomechanical theory and also used EMG biofeedback to enable patients to visualise muscle patterns. User feedback was positive with patients describing the intervention as enabling them to “create a new normal” and to be “in control of their own treatment.” Furthermore, large reductions in pain were observed from 11 patients who received a full prototype version of the intervention. Conclusion: We have created a new intervention for knee osteoarthritis, designed to empower individuals with capability and motivation to change muscle patterns and beliefs associated with pain. Preliminary feedback and clinical indications are positive, and this motivates future large-scale trials to understand potential efficacy. It is possible that this new approach could bring about improvements in the pain associated with knee osteoarthritis without the need for continued adherence to a muscle strengthening programme. Trial Registration: ISRCTN51913166 (Registered 24-02-2020, Retrospectively registered)