bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE PEPTIC ULCER PATIENT
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Paramedical College Durgapur., Parveen Tasrina , Nath Monisha ,   Department of Nutrition, Paramedical College Durgapur., Chakraborty Maitri ,   Department of Medical Lab Technology, Paramedical College Durgapur., Roy Nirban ,   Department of Food Nutrition and Dietetics and Home Science, Kalyani Central Model School West Bengal, India.
Published: August 2021

New generation, which has been brought up in a world where geographical boundaries are no constraintis ready to try new recipes from across the world. The trend is catching up with the older generation also. But all such foods are not safe and can cause PUD. Various studies have shown detrimental effects of such so called junk foods on health of young adult males. Nowadays junk food has become the main attraction for the young generation as it also comes to western culture. The boys specially, who spend most of their time outside of their home, mainly eats unhygienic junk foods. For that reason, the attraction towards junk food increases and causes abnormalities to their digestion system, which ends in severe stages like ulcer. Most of the young people like to consume spicy and fatty foods, as spicy foods always look more colorful and more tasty than healthy foods which also causes extra attention to these foods. But they ignore the facts that spicy foods cause gas and acid formation and is very dangerous for health. Most of the young people are either engaged with study or engaged with jobs, and in both cases, they need to stay out of the house for maximum time which brings irregularity to their meal timing. The young adulthood is also sensitive because, at this age most people suffer from emotional stress which brings irregularity in sleeping, eating etc. These things affect their mental and physical health very badly as they can start smoking, drinking alcohol and can this lead to severe disorders like Gastrointestinal disorders, or ulcers. etc. Sometimes people take drugs as pain killers which can cause other severe disorders(ulcer). Therefore, this study is a reflection of the life style related issues which becomes the major factors of causing ulcer like severities.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE BARK ANATOMY, PHYTOCONSTITUENT AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF ARAUCARIA COOKII
Authors:   P.G & Research Department of Botany, Queen Marys College, Chennai-600 004, India., A Arunthathi , Jesumani Valentina ,   P.G & Research Department of Botany, Queen Marys College, Chennai-600 004, India., T.V Poonguzhali ,   P.G & Research Department of Botany, Queen Marys College, Chennai-600 004, India.
Published: August 2021

Araucaria cookii, a peculiar ornamental exotic conifer found in India and prevalent in varied European countries and the United States. These have exhibited diverse therapeutic properties, but still evidently unclear. Bark anatomy has been contributed significantly in the analytical observation of its potential and found very scanty in published literatures. In present study, westudiedthe anatomical observation of the bark of A. cookii, and identify the anti-microbial activities of methanol bark extract of A.cookii. The bark of A. cookii was collected from the A. cookii from Nilgiri Hills of Ooty Tamil Nadu. The anatomical structures of the bark were elucidated, based on the pattern of the bark, macroscopically and microscopically by using the techniques such as tangential longitudinal section (TLS) and radial longitudinal section (RLS). The phytochemical examination of the methanol bark extract was done to confirm the presence of phytochemical components. The antimicrobial activity of the bark extract was also studied based on the zone of inhibition.The phytochemical constituents detected were presumed to be responsible factors for its medicinal features. Thus, our results showed that the bark of A.cookiicould act as a possible antimicrobial natural source against probable infectious pathogens.
STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN THE INDIAN BANKING SECTOR
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Science and Humanities, NBKR Institute of Science and Technology, Vidya Nager, Nellors Distict, AP., Udayakumar Raju C.
Published: August 2021

The banking sector serves as the main source of resource mobilization in developing economies. Due to underdeveloped money markets and capital markets, limited availability of financial instruments and a lack of confidence in the financial system, banks become the dominant financial intermediary in the system. Given the banks intermediary role in providing stability to the financial system, many emerging economies have implemented policies to develop and restructure the banking sector. Good corporate governance is designed to address this problem. Further, government regulations and frequent interventions reduce the incentive for effective monitoring and, at the same time, make supervision (or supervisors) less effective. The present paper an attempt is made to discuss about the Structure and Mechanism of Corporate Governance in the Indian Banking Sector.
AYURVEDIYA APPROACH FOR MANAGEMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS : A CASE STUDY
Authors:   MD (Kayachikitsa), Assistant Professor Department of Kayachikitsa, RK University Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Rajkot (GJ)., R. Piparvadiya , P.U Sasane ,   MD,Ph.d (Kayachikitsa), Associate Professor Department of Kayachikitsa, RK University Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Rajkot (GJ).
Published: August 2021

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease with unknown etiology, inflammatory disease that affects the colon. In Ayurveda, on the basis of signs and symptoms of Raktatisara can be compared with ulcerative colitis. Etiopathogenesis of Raktatisara in relation to ulcerative colitis by going through Ayurveda texts. due to its high morbidity and mortality. Ayurveda described Raktatisara, which has symptoms similar to ulcerative colitis i.e. Sarakta-mala-pravrutti (rectal bleeding with mucus), Shoola (~pain in abdomen), Gudapaaka (~burning sensation in rectum), Dourbalya (Generalised weakness) and Trishna (~excessive thirst). A diagnosed case of Ulcerative colitis with Ayurveda management was discussed here. In this case study we used some Ayurvedic formulations and Piccha basti, which give us high quality results and the treatment is safe and cost effective.
SIX-MONTH FOLLOW-UP OF THE EFFECT OF A MAGNETIC FIELD ON CEREBRAL MOTOR DISORDERS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors:   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria., Kostova V. K. , Aleksiev A. ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: August 2021

Introduction:- There is a consensus about the short-term efficacy, but not about the long-term effect of the low-frequency impulse magnetic field in early childhood cerebral motor disorders. There is no consensus about the statistical significance of the two-week and six-month dynamics of the kinesiology tests, cranial ultrasound, pathological and primitive reflexes. Objective:- To compare the short-term and long-term effect of the low-frequency impulse magnetic field versus placebo control and compare the statistical significance regarding the two-week and six-month dynamics of the kinesiology tests, cranial ultrasound, pathological and primitive reflexes. Material and Methods:- 29 children (age 8.10 Â± 5.98 months) with cerebral motor disorders were followed for 6 months. They were divided into two groups - physiotherapeutic and control. The physiotherapy group (n = 14) received a once-daily low-frequency impulse magnetic field for two weeks at the start of the follow-up. The control group (n = 15) received a once-daily placebo magnetic therapy for two weeks at the start of the follow-up. Kinesiology tests, cranial ultrasound, pathological and primitive reflexes were recorded at the beginning of the follow-up, after two weeks, and after six months. Results:- At the beginning of the follow-up, there was no difference between the two groups regarding all parameters (P>0.05). Both groups showed better results after two weeks versus the start of the follow-up (P<0.05) and after six months versus after two weeks (P<0.05). The physiotherapy group showed better results versus the control group after the second week (P<0.05) and after the sixth month (P<0.05). The two-week and six-month dynamics of the kinesiology tests showed the highest significance (P<0.001), followed by primitive reflexes (P<0.04), followed by pathological reflexes (P<0.05), and finally - the cranial ultrasound (P>0.05), at comparable baseline parameters (P<0.05). Conclusion:- The low-frequency impulse magnetic field showed a significant short-term and long-term therapeutic effect that exceeded the corresponding placebo effects. The statistical significance at the second week and the sixth month of kinesiology tests was the highest, followed by primitive reflexes, and pathological reflexes. The cranial ultrasound did not show significant two-week and six-month dynamics. Despite the relatively stationary morphological changes, verified by cranial ultrasound, the developing nervous system in children aged 8.10 Â± 5.98 months showed significant positive dynamics and plasticity for two weeks and six months, verified by kinesiology tests, primitive and pathological reflexes.
Bottle Fermented Sparkling Wine: Cork or Crown Closures During the Second Fermentation?
Authors: Jolly N. , Minnaar P. , Booyse M. , Gerber P.
Published: August 2021

Bottle-fermented sparkling wine producers are continuously striving to increase quality and produceniche products. One production tool that could be used is a cork closure instead of a crown cap closureduring the second fermentation and maturation on yeast lees. Anecdotal evidence suggests that thisleads to stylistic differences in the wine. Six pairs of South African bottle-fermented sparkling wines(Méthode Cap Classique), closed by either a cork or crown cap, were investigated. Analyses includedbottle pressure, infrared spectroscopy, phenolic acids, sensory attributes and CO2 kinetics. Generally,there were differences between the cork-closed and crown-capped wines. Cork-closed wines tended tohave lower pressure compared to crown-capped wines, albeit still well within legal requirements. Otherdifferences were evident in the infrared spectral data and in the polyphenol profile of the analysed wines.Levels of gallic, caftaric, caffeic and p-coumaric acids could be used collectively as marker compounds todifferentiate between cork-closed and crown-capped wines. The effect of the cork was also evident in thesensory attributes and CO2 kinetics. Cork-closed wines were judged to have smaller bubbles and a longeraftertaste. It was also shown that the cork-closed wines tended to lose CO2 from the glass slower after beingpoured than their crown-capped counterparts. The data tentatively support the anecdotal evidence thatcork can be used during the second fermentation and maturation on the yeast lees to change the style ofbottle-fermented sparkling wine.
Strengthening Indonesia's Economic Growth with Islamic and non-Islamic Macroeconomic Variable
Authors: Alifah Eba Ismi , Bawono Anton
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This research was conducted to determine the effect of taxes, Sukuk, grants, inflation, foreign debt, total financing, and the network of Islamic bank offices on Indonesia's economic growth. Research data for each variable is monthly from 2009-2018. Data analysis variables use Error Correction Model (ECM) Test and Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) Test with Eviews ver.10. The results showed that in the short and long term, variables taxes, Sukuk, inflation, foreign debt, total financing, and office networks of Islamic banks) affected the Indonesian economic growth. At the same time, grants have no significant effect on economic growth. For variable predictions in the next year (2019), only economic growth, grants, inflation, foreign debt, and network of Islamic bank offices can be predicted. Meanwhile, taxes, Sukuk, and total financing cannot be identified in 2019 because the variables are not significant in the ARCH analysis, so it cannot be diagnosed about future values. This result implies that the government and the community must continue to work together to manage state revenues used to fund productive projects to stimulate economic growth.Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pajak, sukuk negara, hibah, inflasi, utang luar negeri, jumlah pembiayaan dan jaringan kantor bank syariah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Data penelitian setiap variabel berupa bulanan dari tahun 2009-2018. Uji variabel penelitian menggunakan Uji Error Correction Model (ECM) dan Uji ARCH menggunakan Eviews ver.10. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang, variabel pajak, sukuk negara, inflasi, utang luar negeri, jumlah pembiayaan dan jaringan kantor bank syariah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Sedangkan variabel hibah tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Untuk prediksi variabel di tahun berikutnya (tahun 2019), hanya variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi, hibah, inflasi, utang luar negeri dan jumlah jaringan kantor bank syariah yang dapat diprediksi, sedangkan pajak, sukuk negara, dan jumlah pembiayaan tidak dapat diketahui nilai perkembangannya di tahun 2019 karena variabel tersebut tidak signifikan pada analisis ARCH. Sehingga tidak dapat di diagnosa dalam bentuk ARCH untuk dilakukan forecast data agar diketahui tentang nilai di masa yang akan datang. Implikasi dari temuan ini adalah diperlukan upaya yang berkesinambungan dari pemerintah dan masyarakat dalam mengelola penerimaan negara yang dimanfaatkan untuk mendanai proyek yang produktif sehingga dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Community-Based Halal Tourism Village: Insight from Setanggor Village
Authors: Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan , Nasarruddin Razie Bin , Rofiq Ahmad , Ulama’i Ahmad Hasan Asy’ari , Mujaddid Ade Yusuf , Sartika Mila
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This research aims to describe the development model of Setanggor halal tourism village. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. The results showed that halal tourism in Setanggor village was developed through active community participation with the village government through a tourism village model based on community and halal values. The development of halal tourism villages in Setanggor is not able to be separated from religious values. As a result, Community-Based Halal Tourism in Setanggor village combines community-based tourism and halal-based tourism that will eventually serve as a model for community-based halal tourism. The growth of the halal tourism sector in Setanggor village has also provided positive benefits for enhancing the local community's well-being. In addition to the community's active role, the legality of the Setanggor halal tourism village is also supported by the local government of NTB and the Indonesian Council of Ulama.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model pengembangan desa wisata halal Setanggor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wisata halal di Desa Setanggor dikembangkan melalui partisipasi aktif masyarakat dengan pemerintah desa melalui model “Desa Wisata Halal Berbasis Masyarakat”. Pengembangan desa wisata halal di Setanggor tidak lepas dari nilai-nilai religi. Oleh karena itu, CBT di desa Setanggor yang merupakan gabungan antara pariwisata berbasis komunitas dengan pariwisata berbasis halal pada akhirnya menjadi role model bagi wisata halal berbasis komunitas. Pertumbuhan sektor wisata halal di desa Setanggor juga memberikan manfaat positif bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat. Selain peran aktif masyarakat, legalitas desa wisata halal Setanggor juga didukung oleh pemerintah daerah NTB dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia.
Activated carbon incorporation on forward osmosis membrane surface for enhanced performance
Authors: Lakra Reshma , Balakrishnan Malini , Basu Subhankar
Published: August 2021

Cellulose triacetate (CTA) is the first-generation forward osmosis (FO) membrane used for desalination. There have been a few chemical modifications of the CTA membrane surface. This has improved membrane hydrophilicity, water flux, and salt rejection compared with unmodified CTA membranes. Chitosan-containing porous materials as composites have resulted in increased pore characteristics. It has motivated the modification of the surface of the commercial CTA forward osmosis (FO) membrane by surface coating with chitosan (CS)–powdered activated carbon (AC) mix. The membrane morphology was characterized by SEM, FTIR-ATR, contact angle measurement and AFM. Operational conditions for FO such as the orientation of the membrane active layer, feed and draw solution flow rates, and type and concentration of draw salt were optimized with the original CTA membrane. The modified membrane exhibited around a two-fold increase in the water flux and reduced reverse salt flux compared with the original CTA membrane. The improved water flux was attributed to the CS-AC coating enhancing water wettability of the membrane surface and the porous AC generating additional water flow channels. Overall, the water flux of the CTA-CS-AC membrane developed in this work was superior to that of CTA and cellulose acetate (CA) membranes reported in the literature.
Corrigendum to: Transethosomes of Econazole Nitrate for Transdermal Delivery: Development, In-vitro Characterization, and Ex-vivo Assessment
Authors: Verma Shivani , Utreja Puneet
Published: August 2021

The authors wish to add words “Research Scholar” and “Research Supervisor” to their affiliations [1].

The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.2174/2211738506666180813122102
La geopolítica chilena y su desarrollo militar (1905-2018)
Authors: Garay-Vera Cristian
Published: August 2021

Este artículo postula la importancia de la geopolítica militar como columna central del pensamiento geopolítico chileno. Para el autor, esto es producto tanto del énfasis por asesorar y ejecutar directrices en este campo como de la reflexión teórica desde principios del XX en el seno del Ejército y la Armada de Chile. Desde esta perspectiva, el cultivo de la geopolítica se ha ligado a nociones de estrategia, geografía política y planificación militar. El artículo sugiere cuatro fases de su desarrollo que dependen del contexto político del país, como también de su mayor o menor acceso a la toma de decisiones del Estado. Como resultado, se establece que el contexto político del país, la autonomía militar o el control civil de las Fuerzas Armadas, entre otros factores, han influido en el desarrollo de la geopolítica en Chile.
Guerra y pestilencia: impacto de epidemias y pandemias en la historia hasta el siglo XX
Authors: Álvarez-Calderón Carlos Enrique , Botero-Murillo Diego
Published: August 2021

Para comprender el impacto que la actual pandemia tendrá en la seguridad y el bienestar de las naciones, y en la dinámica geopolítica, es necesario comprender la evolución y el impacto de las epidemias y pandemias en la historia. Esta es la primera entrega de dos artículos que buscan dar cuenta de cómo las enfermedades infecciosas han afectado y pueden llegar a afectar la estabilidad y prosperidad de las naciones. El propósito de este artículo es determinar el impacto de las epidemias y pandemias como factor decisivo en los acontecimientos políticos, económicos y militares desde la Antigüedad hasta el siglo XX. Para ello se estudia el impacto de las enfermedades infecciosas en la historia, y luego se analiza su interacción con las guerras para estimar su potencial como factor de crisis y de inestabilidad.
How do Japan, South Korea and China's mainstream newspapers frame Japan's decision in discharging their Fukushima wastewater? — A content analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Gong Jiankun , Ng Kwan-Hoon , Yoong David , Xu jinghong
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

On April 13, 2021, the Japanese government announced releasing its radiated Fukushima wastewater into the Pacific Ocean as they are running out of storage space. Despite fierce opposition by neighboring China and South Korea, Japan has downplayed ecological and health risks possibilities. Extant literature indicates that when a message is disseminated, what matters most is not what is said but how it is said. Thus, this research examines how these countries' governments present their arguments, as propagated through their mainstream newspapers. Examining how these ideas are framed in news media enables us to explain how public beliefs are shaped and manipulated.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is twofold: to identify the salient frames and themes of communicating Fukushima wastewater risk in three mainstream newspapers. It hopes to avoid risk amplification, enticing readers to "read between the lines", activating their ideological repertoire. Also, it aims to increase critical literacy skills among readers, and improve public health.

METHODS

A total of 88 news articles from January 1, 2021, to May 31, 2021, were collected from the LexisNexis database using the keywords: "Fukushima" and "nuclear": The Japan Times (TJT) 35, China Daily (CD) 34, and The Korea Herald (TKH) 19. Open-coding and thematic analysis were conducted. The coded themes were then further sorted into broader categories based on the news framing analytical framework.

RESULTS

Divergent frames and themes emerged in selected newspapers. TJT was of self-defence, with image protection and counter-blaming frames. In contrast, CD and TKH displayed commonalities regarding the decision, such as being irresponsible, lacking transparency, and blaming Japan and economic concern.

CONCLUSIONS

This study timely mapped out Japan's wastewater decision coverage in the neighboring countries’ leading newspapers. Our results indicated that the Japanese risk communication of Fukushima wastewater still lacks full consideration of open communication channels, geopolitics, and public health. This could shape not only public perception, amplify risk but also increase geopolitical distrusts and community tensions. Instead, the Japanese government should heed the news frames of its neighbors and address the fears and concerns raised. It reminded relevant policymakers to accentuate geopolitics and multilateral agreements. Also, it served as a reminder for media practitioners and journalists to report news constructively and with accountability.
Development and Evaluation of an Innovative Web-Based Training, Learning, and Sharing Platform for Social Workers (Hong Kong Jockey Club SMART Family-Link Project): Mixed Methods Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Suen Michelle Man Tung , Lai Agnes Yuen Kwan , Wang Man Ping , Ho Daniel Sai Yin , Lam Tai Hing
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Information and communication technology (ICT) use may enhance social work practice and continuous professional development. Under the Hong Kong Jockey Club SMART Family-Link Project, we developed an innovative web-based training, learning, and sharing platform (i-TLS) to support not only ICT and other learning needs of Hong Kong social workers but also their practice.

OBJECTIVE

We developed i-TLS with 3 major components (i-Training, i-Learning, and i-Sharing) and assessed its acceptability and impact on facilitating ICT use in family services.

METHODS

We described the i-TLS development based on a 4-phase model and evaluated i-TLS using the platform database, Google Analytics, a self-administered survey, and individual phone interviews 1 year after launching.

RESULTS

i-TLS was launched in 12 nongovernmental organizations on July 1, 2019. The COVID-19 outbreak in December 2019 limited face-to-face services, which galvanized digital transformation in social work practice. By July 31, 2020, 313 social workers had registered with i-TLS. Approximately 79.6% (249/313) of users accessed i-TLS at least once in the past 28 days, averaging 3.2 (SD 1.35) platform visits per day and viewing 4.8 (SD 1.42) pages per visit. i-Training provided 41 mini-modules on applying ICT to family services, with 730 enrollments. Approximately 70% (511/730) of users completed the mini-modules and obtained digital mini-certificates. i-Learning provided 112 items of learning resources centered on ICT use in family services, with nearly 4000 page views. i-Sharing had 25 discussion threads with 59 posts. Approximately 53.7% (168/313) of users completed the 1-year evaluation survey, including 7.1% (12/168) who were phone interviewed. The mean i-TLS satisfaction score (out of 10) increased from light (4.99, SD 1.54) to occasional (6.15, SD 1.34) and frequent (6.31, SD 2.29) users. Frequent users showed higher scores (out of 10) than light users for an increase in knowledge (5.84, SD 1.34 vs 4.09, SD 1.74; P<.001), self-efficacy (5.23, SD 1.92 vs 3.96, SD 1.77; P=.02), and knowledge application (6.46, SD 1.33 vs 1.91, SD 1.40; P<.001). Interviewees reported increased ICT use in services and considered i-TLS an acceptable and supportive tool for learning and practice, especially during the pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

i-TLS is acceptable to social workers and enhances their learning and use of ICT in family services. This was achieved through access to self-directed and collaborative learning and sharing of experiences within their practice. Further research on enhancing web-based platforms is needed to expand participation and capacity building among social workers and other health and social care professionals.
The Roles of Risk Perception, Negative Emotions and Perceived Efficacy in the Association Between COVID-19 Infection Cues and Preventive Behaviors: A Moderated Mediation Model (Preprint)
Authors: Meng Guangteng , Yuan Xiaoyan , Zheng Ya , Hu Kesong , Li Qi , Dai Bibing , Liu Xun
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted the lives of everyone worldwide. Preventive behaviors are especially critical to the protection of individuals whose family members or acquaintances have been infected. However, limited research has explored the influence of infection cues on preventive behaviors.

OBJECTIVE

This study proposed the information-perception/emotion-action model (IPEAM) to elucidate the mechanism by which infection cues influence preventive behaviors and the roles of risk perception, negative emotions, and perceived efficacy in that influence.

METHODS

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in 34 provinces in China during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A moderated mediation analysis was conducted to examine whether risk perception and negative emotions mediated and perceived efficacy moderated the relationship between infection cues and preventive behaviors.

RESULTS

A total of 26511 participants responded to the survey and 20205 valid responses (76.2%) were obtained for further analysis. The moderated mediation results show that infection cues positively predicted preventive behaviors in a manner mediated by risk perception (Bindirect=0.135, 95% CI 0.118 to 0.153) and negative emotions (Bindirect=0.140, 95% CI 0.122 to 0.159). Moreover, perceived efficacy moderated the influence of infection cues not only on preventive behaviors (B=0.013, P=.01) but also on risk perception (B=0.130, P<.001) and negative emotions (B=0.232, P<.001). The higher the perceived efficacy, the stronger these influences were.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings validated our IPEAM, which elucidates the mechanisms underlying the promoting effect of infection cues on preventive behaviors during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study suggests that governments should establish early warning and support systems based on the dynamic surveillance of infection cues.
The Influence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants on National Case-Fatality Rates: Correlation and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Barletta William A
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

In 2021, new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus appeared with increased transmissibility and virulence as compared with the original wild variant. The first variants of concern (VoCs), Alpha (B1.1.7) and Gamma (P.1), first appeared in the United Kingdom and Brazil, respectively. The Delta (B.1.617.2) variant, seen in India in October 2020, dominated COVID-19 infections across all regions through the second half of 2021.

OBJECTIVE

This research explores the degree to which SARS-CoV-2 VoCs generate waves of fluctuations in case-fatality rates (CFRs) across countries in several regions, increase the risk of mortality to persons with certain comorbidities, and decrease the risk of mortality as the percentage of fully vaccinated populations increases.

METHODS

This analysis introduces a measure of the temporal dynamics of COVID-19 infections in the form of a proxy CFR (pCFR), which can be compared among countries. It uses economic and demographic data reported by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, plus publicly available epidemiological and medical statistics reported to the relevant national and international public health authorities. From these ecological data, pandemic average and daily COVID-19 CFRs and their correlations with potential cofactors were computed for 2021, a year dominated by the spread of World Health Organization–designated VoCs. The study does not investigate disease pathology; rather, it compares the daily case rates and pCFRs to reveal underlying contributing factors that vary from country to country and region to region.

RESULTS

The in-depth global regression analysis of cofactors found that the strongest single correlation with COVID-19 fatality was 0.36 (SD 0.02) with P<.001 for chronic kidney disease. No other single physiological cofactors display positive correlations exceeding 0.26 (SD 0.26), with P=.008 (asthma) and P=.01 (coronary disease). The study confirms that the pCFR is a valuable metric for tracking waves of infection due to different VoCs within countries.

CONCLUSIONS

The influence of social, economic, and medical cofactors on the CFR due to VoCs remains qualitatively similar, albeit strengthened, to the levels found for the wild strain. The strong regional variations of the influence of all cofactors observed for the wild strain persists in infections for all VoCs with very strong correlation coefficients seen in the Middle East for asthma (0.76), coronary heart disease (0.60), lung disease (0.70), and chronic kidney disease (0.52). Strong regional variations emphasize the influence on COVID-19 mortality due to regional differences in national economics, patterns of health care policies, and variations in cultural practices and environment. The pCFR-based analysis reveals clear patterns of the spread of VoCs across regions, but there is little evidence for the spread of the Lambda and Mu (B.1.621) variants of interest outside of South America.
Buck and Boost Inverter
Authors: Chandran Dr. S. Ravi
Published: August 2021

Abstract: A versatile operation of any electronic circuitry depends on the power source supplying the power for its operation. The buck converter is implemented using an integrated circuit(IC), LM317. The constructed buck converter was tested for load and line regulation cited in the datasheets for stability. The test and analysis for the linear buck converter was done using setup. The output measurements indicate that the power supply is functional. The measured output values results of the test circuit. The developed output power supply unit is important in measurements, laboratories and test setup. It is implemented for all general applications that require power supply unit. XL6009 module is a DC to DC BUCK-BOOST converter module that operates at a switching frequency of 400kHz. In such high frequency, it provides smaller sized filter components compared with low frequency switching regulators. An improved SingleStage Buck-Boost inverter is provided, using only three or four power semiconductor switches. The inverter can handle a wide range of dc input voltages and produce a fixed ac output voltage. The inverter is well suited to distributed power generation systems such as photovoltaic and wind power and fuel cells, for standalone or grid connected applications. The inverter has a single charge loop, a positive discharge loop and a negative discharge loop. In this complete design of the converter is carried out. This application report gives details regarding this conversion with examples
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of Higher Education Stakeholders
Authors: Verma Priyanka
Published: August 2021

Abstract: During the time of covid-19 whole education system has shifted from offline mode to online mode which plays a vital role in the increasing stress, anxiety, depression and other mental problem among the students, teachers, and parents. Because they all are not familiar with the online education system. So in this scenario, we should know that how much they all are aware and capable to use different online tools and courses like swayam, Courera, edu, NPTEL, YouTube, etc with their economic condition, infrastructure, and mental health too. Are they able to continue their learning during this scenario? Due to lack of awareness they all are getting mentally disturbed. In this situation, they all need support from our government because for the present situation they were not prepared from earlier. A survey was conducted by us in Uttar Pradesh to analyze the effect of lockdown on students (age 15-35 years), teachers and parents (total 162 respondents) belongs from urban and rural areas through Google form during Sep – Oct month2020. So that most of the responses come from Uttar Pradesh and the city Lucknow. Through this survey we draw the different factors like not comfortable, privacy concerns, not aware, sleeping pattern, lazier, stressful, worried, eye problem, digital screens, burden of work, and disrespectful behavior which somewhere affect the mental health and behavior of the respondents. We have also taken response to rating online education system and examination at the likert scales 1(poor) — 5(excellent). This paper will help to know what the reasons behind the above mention factors are. We have find out the proportion of students, teachers, and parents who are facing different types of mental problems, and we are trying to show finding of the survey with the help of different graphs also. Keywords: Online higher education system, different factors affect mental health, the problem faces by the students, teachers, and parents, awareness about online courses, the suggestion for the government.
Synthesis and Characterization of Benzylidene Derivatives of Benzothiazole
Authors: Dhakoniya Pallavi
Published: August 2021

A series of some novel benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized from the 2-(4-aminophenyl) benzothiazol-5-ol, which was synthesized by the Jacobson method using Lawesson’s reagent. Benzylidene derivatives (P201-P205) were synthesized by catalyzed condensation and acylation method,named as 2-(4-((4 hydroxybenzylidene)amino) phenyl) benzothiazole-5-ol (P201), 2-(4-((4- methoxybenzylidene) amino)phenyl)benzothiazole-5ol(P202),2-(4-((4-chlorobenzylidene) amino)phenyl)benzothiazole-5-ol(P203), (4-((furan-2-ylmethylene) amino)phenyl)benzothiazole-5-ol(P204), Dimethyl(4(5hydroxy benzothiazol2yl)phenyl)carbonimidodithioate(P205)The structures of the compounds were confirmed by NMR and IR spectral data.
Comparative Performance Evaluation of VGG-16 and Capsnet using Kannada MNIST
Authors: C Dr. Ramya
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Handwriting recognition is an important problem in character recognition. It is much more difficult especially for regional languages such as Kannada. In this regard there has been a recent surge of interest in designing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for this problem. However, CNNs typically require large amounts of training data and cannot handle input transformations. Capsule networks, which is referred to as capsNets proposed recently to overcome these shortcomings and posed to revolutionize deep learning solutions. Our particular interest in this work is to recognize kannada digit characters, and making capsnet robust to rotation and transformation. In this paper, we focus to achieve the following objectives :1. Explore whether or not capsnet is capable of providing a better fit for the digit images; 2. Adapt and incorporate capsNets for the problem of kannada MNIST digit classification problem at hand; 3. develop a real time application to take handwritten input from the user and recognize the digit; 4. Compare the capsnet with other models on various parameters. Keywords: Capsule Networks, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Kannada MNIST, VGG-16
Design and Fabrication of Go-Kart
Authors: Gupta J Nitesh
Published: August 2021

Abstract: A Go-Kart racing is jogging and continuously developing idea everywhere in the world. Go Karts are 4 wheeled cars designed for racing and leisure purpose. We have made a go-kart by keeping leisure and recreation as the purpose. It is neither manufacturing unit made product nor expert engineers made product. The venture consists of designing, analysis, teamwork, venture control and development, costing and budgeting. The major goal of automobile is to make that automobile inside a time, with none lack of time. Keywords: Design, Fabrication, Go-Kart, Assembly.
Economic Load Dispatch using Lambda Iteration, Particle Swarm Optimization & Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jan Zaineb Nisar
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In economic load dispatch problem scheduling of loads is done in order to achieve reliable power supply with reduced costs. With the increase in load demand with each passing year energy crisis is increasing hence an area of study where fuel costs can be reduced was proposed. This can be achieved using various methods among which the methods discussed in this paper are Lambda Iteration, Particle Swarm Operation and Genetic Algorithm. Based on numerical results the best optimization technique can be figured out among the discussed methods. Keywords: Lambda Iteration, PSO, GA, economic load dispatch, optimization solutions
Smart Hand Glove for Hearing and Speech Impaired
Authors: Jose Basil
Published: August 2021

Abstract: With the advancement of technology, we can implement a variety of ideas to serve mankind in numerous ways. Inspired by this, we have developed a smart hand glove system which will be able to help the people having hearing and speech disabilities. In the world of sound, for those without it, sign language is a powerful tool to make their voices heard. The American Sign Language (ASL) is the most frequently used sign language in the world, with some differences depending on the nation. We created a wearable wireless gesture decoder module in this project that can transform the basic set of ASL motions into alphabets and sentences. Our project utilizes a glove that houses a series of flex sensors on the metacarpal and interphalange joints of the fingers to detect the bending of fingers, through piezoresistive (change in electrical resistance when the semiconductor or metal is subjected to mechanical strain) effect. The glove is attached with an accelerometer as well, that helps to detect the hand movements. Simple classification algorithms from machine learning are then applied to translate the gestures into alphabets or words. Keywords: Arduino; MPU6050; Flex sensor; Machine learning; SVM classifier
Design and Evaluation of a Hip Joint Implant Wear Simulator
Authors: Medeiros Everton C.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Every year a high number of total hip arthroplasty is reported worldwide and an increase in this number is expected. Several factors may cause hip wear, such as osteoarthritis, obesity, traffic accidents and sport practicing. Wear is a concern when considering hip prostheses, since a prosthesis presents finite life that in many cases is shorter than patient life, and leads to substitution. Also, research is constant and new developments have to be tested, which leads to the necessity of testing devices that reproduce real conditions of hip joint implant functioning. This work describes a low-cost device, according to the ISO 12242. The equipment was built, a set of three commercially available prostheses was tested and the results show wear values coherent with those found in literature. It was found a value of wear rate of (13.30 ± 3,81) mg/106 cycles; wear factor found was (0.41 ± 0,09) x 10-6 mm3 /Nm. After testing, the device was evaluated and no component presented significant wear. Keywords: Hip joint simulator; Prostheses; Wear; Arthroplasty; Test machine.
Multisim Based Projects
Authors: Jog Prof. Pranjal
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In the field of Electrical Engineering students’ education, the experiments including hardware and software components have an important role. Students mostly gain theoretical knowledge with some or none actual experience, so the development of various simulations if the actual hardware is unavailable can in some part satisfy the need for the practice. In this paper, we elaborated the topic of creating simulations of real analog circuits in Multisim software, and their analysis with NI Elvis II+ hardware platform. The students were interviewed about their opinion on these simulations, and their answers confirm ed their satisfaction with the realized experiments.
A Thing Speak IoT Based Vibration Measurement and Monitoring System Using an Accelerometer sensor
Authors: Kumari shubhangi
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This paper presents the development of a Thing Speak IoT on a Real-Time Vibration measurement System using the accelerometer Sensor. Many systems have been designed previously but some lack systems are identified where it does not provide adaptively connections and alert to web pages on logging data collections. Thus, understanding the previous system model is important to compare the importance of new build parameters in designing the new system. An evaluation of the current model, hardware, and software is important before a new architecture is developed. This research has developed a prototype system to monitor and measure the vibration of a system remotely and setting up threshold and alert accordingly. The designed system assisted with an internet as vibration monitoring system for the machines. Research methods consist of two parts involved hardware and software development. The hardware development covers the connections of the accelerometer sensor and the software involved in constructed coding using the C language program. The program then is compiled and uploaded into the Node MCU to display the acceleration of the system. An open-source Internet of Things called Thing Speak is used as a platform to retrieve and display the collected data. Real-time monitoring can be accessed through Smartphone and web applications. This study has been considered successfully implemented and it is a significant study that performs on new IoT platforms and adaptively ready to monitor a vibration remotely. Keyword: Accelerometer Sensor, Internet of Things, Thing Speak, Real-Time.
Clinical efficacy of adjuvant therapy with hyperbaric oxygen in diabetic nephropathy
Authors:   Postgraduate School in Naval Health, Naval Hospital of Specialties of Veracruz, Mexico, Guadalupe Cardenas Ureña Karime , César Ramírez Nava Julio ,   Hospital Specialties Naval Veracruz, Mexico. CAP FRAG SSN MC N, Specialist in Hyperbaric and Underwater Medicine, Guillermo Márquez Celedonio Félix ,   Research Coordination, School of Health Sciences, Universidad del Valle de México campus Veracruz, Mexico, Israel Salas Nolasco Omar ,   Department of Nephrology, Specialties Naval Hospital of Veracruz, Mexico, Villegas Domínguez Josué Elí ,   Graduate School of Naval Health, Hospital Specialties Naval Veracruz, Mexico / Faculty of Medicine “Dr. Porfirio Sosa Zárate”, Universidad del Valle de México, Veracruz campus, Mexico, Montero-Ruiz Oreth ,   Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Regional Specialty Hospital, Veracruz, Mexico, Nohemí Crespo-Cortés Celia ,   School of Health Sciences, Universidad del Valle de México, Veracruz campus, Mexico
Published: August 2021

Background and objective: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common microvascular chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy will increase the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and may improve cell repair processes, which can lead to better renal function. The objective of this study was to quantify the efficacy of adjuvant HBO2 to increase the glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion in diabetic patients, as well as determine its effectiveness to modify the clinical course of DKD. Materials and methods: An experimental study was performed on patients with stage 3 and 4 DKD. Twenty sessions of HBO2 or ambient air in a hyperbaric chamber were administered. Estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine albumin:creatinine ratio calculation and clinical stage stratification were made prior to and after HBO2 administration. A descriptive, inferential and clinical efficacy analysis was performed. Results: Urinary albumin/creatinine (UACR) mean values prior to HBO2 were 1452.9 ± 644.3 mg/g and decreased to 876.1 ± 504.0 mg/g at the end of the study (p=0.06). The patients in the control group showed a UACR mean of 2784.5 ± 2128.6 mg/g and 2861.4 ± 2424.2 mg/g at baseline and at the end of the study, respectively (p=0.82). Patients in the experimental/HBO2 group showed an estimated GFR of 27.3 ± 9.5 mL/min /1.73m2 before HBO2, with a 34.4 ± 6.9 mL/min/1.73m2 after treatment (p=0.017); control group eGFR was 30.1 ± 9.2 mL/min/1.73m2, decreasing to 22.2 ± 6.8 mL/min/1.73m2 (p=0.004). Relative risk 0.00, relative risk reduction -100%, absolute risk reduction -71.4%, 95% CI (-104.9% to -38.0%), NNT 1, 95% CI (1 to 3). Conclusions: Management with HBO2 for DKD was associated with decreased excretion urinary albumin, improved GFR and clinical stage of patients in stages 3 and 4 of kidney damage unlike those receiving ambient air.
Understanding the Root Xylem Plasticity for Designing Resilient Crops
Authors: Cornelis Salves , Hazak Ora
Published: August 2021

Xylem is a main road in plant long-distance communication. Through xylem
plants transport water, minerals and myriad of signaling molecules. With
the onset during early embryogenesis, the development of xylem tissues
relays on hormone gradients, activity of unique transcription factors,
distribution of mobile miRNAs and receptor-ligand pathways. These
regulatory mechanisms are often interconnected and all together
contribute to the plasticity of water conducting tissue. Remarkably,
root xylem carries water to all above-ground organs and therefore
influences all aspects of plant growth. Because of the global warming
and increasing water deficit, we need to come up with solutions for the
crops of the future. It is clear that structure of water conducting
elements directly impacts water transport within the plant. Among plant
pathogens- vascular wilts attacking xylem -are the most harmful. Our
knowledge about xylem anatomy and rewiring ability could bring the
solutions against these diseases. In this review we summarize the recent
findings on the molecular mechanisms of xylem formation with a special
attention to the cellular changes, and cell wall rearrangements that are
necessary to create functional capillaries. We emphasize the impact of
abiotic factors and pathogens on xylem plasticity and discuss
multidisciplinary approach to model xylem in crops.