bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Bacterial Colonization in Pilonidal Sinus Abscesses: Insights from 159 Clinical Evaluations
Authors: Torun Mehmet , Subaşı İsmail Ege
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the gender predisposition, risk factors, clinical outcomes, and microbiological profile of patients with pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) and to compare these findings with existing literature. Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted on 159 patients diagnosed with PSD at Haydarpasa Numune Hospital between 2022 and 2023. Demographic data, BMI, smoking status, presence of diabetes, and treatment outcomes were collected. Pathogens isolated from abscesses and antibiotic treatments were analyzed, and recurrence rates were documented post-treatment. Results: The study cohort had a mean age of 26.0±9.8 years, predominantly male (71.1%). Significant differences in mean age and body mass index were observed between females (n=46) and males (n=113), with females averaging 21.6 years and males 27.8 years (p<0.001), and BMI values of 22.06 and 24.33, respectively (p=0.003). Anaerobic bacteria were slightly more prevalent in abscess cultures (50.9%), and the most commonly used antibiotic regimen was ciprofloxacin with metronidazole (54.7%). Conclusion: This study confirms a male gender predisposition to PSD and highlights significant age and BMI differences between genders. Specific antibiotic therapies may contribute to reducing relapse rates. These findings underscore the importance of targeted therapeutic strategies, particularly considering the higher recurrence rates in females and the predominant antibiotic resistance patterns.
Price Prediction of Staples with Simultaneous Fourier Series Estimator as a Contribution to Solve the National Food Problem
Authors: M. Fariz Fadillah Mardianto , Helda Urbhani Rosa , Aulia Rachma Firdausy , Mochammad Firmansyah
Published: June 2024

This study provides an overview related to the prediction of prices for staples that are widely consumed by the Indonesian people and often experience price fluctuations at certain times, namely cooking oil, chili, and chicken eggs. Based on the Market Monitoring System and Staples of the Ministry of Trade, the national average price of cooking oil as of January 3, 2022, reached USD 1.17per liter. The average price of chicken eggs reached USD 1,98 per kilogram, an increase of 20.16% at the same time. In addition, based on the National Strategic Food Price Information Center, the average price of chili in traditional markets throughout the province rose by USD 0.19 or about 3.16% and reached USD 6.29 per kilogram. The prediction of staple food prices in this study was formed using a nonparametric regression model of the Fourier series estimator. This regression model has high flexibility in forming the model and estimating the fluctuation data pattern, which is not known in the form of time-series data. The data in this study is sourced from the National Strategic Food Price Information Center website with the response variables used being the daily prices of cooking oil, chicken eggs, and chili from September 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021, as training data. In addition, the same commodity data from January 1, 2022, to January 10, 2022, is used as testing data. The best model from the estimation results with the Fourier series is a model with an oscillation parameter of 25 which contains a sine cosine basis with a coefficient of determination of 83.05%and an MSE value of 1.628. The selected model also has a very good performance predicting the prices of the three staples with a MAPE value of 1.082%.
Automatic Pedestrian Safety in Automobiles through Microcontroller and RF Technology
Authors: A. Suguna , B. Achiammal , S. Daniel Vasanthan , V. Chandan Vignesh K
Published: June 2024

One of the government's top priorities for creating a safe driving environment is pedestrian safety. To guarantee safety in all respects, many safety measures have been put into place by the government and adopted by the populace. The main goal of this study is to indirectly lower the number of accidents by eliminating their core causes. Careless driving and excessive speeding are the main causes of accidents. This document ensures that a car is designed to travel at a specific pace in each area, keeping it within safe speed limit. This lessens the impact of accidents, including material and human loss. This is accomplished by using the proper microcontroller, RF transmitter, and receiver through a comparison process. The car equipped with a receiver, receives the data signal from the traffic sign board, compares it to the output, and adjusts the speed of the vehicle to a safe level. By doing this, the car is always forced to go at the designated speed, and driving behaviour is altered, reducing the likelihood of accidents. This offers a supplementary safety precaution that focuses on eliminating the primary sources of mishaps.
Teorías implícitas sobre comprensión lectora de docentes de primer ciclo de educación básica
Authors: Cámara-Ulloa Cecilia Matilde , Platas-García Alejandra
Published: June 2024

Las teorías implícitas sobre comprensión lectora son creencias o concepciones que se tienen de forma inconsciente sobre lo que significa leer. Es oportuno indagar sobre las teorías implícitas de comprensión lectora que tienen los y las docentes de primer ciclo de educación básica puesto que el profesorado tiene un rol importante para el desarrollo de la habilidad de comprensión lectora del estudiantado, ya que, en 1° y 2° de primaria se comienza formalmente la enseñanza escolar de la lectura y la escritura. Así, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las teorías implícitas sobre comprensión lectora de docentes de primer ciclo de educación básica. Se empleó la metodología cualitativa con un paradigma interpretativo y enfoque hermenéutico. Participaron 17 maestras mexicanas con un promedio de edad de 47 años (DE ±6.7), todas eran docentes en escuelas públicas y tenían un promedio de 10.5 años de experiencia como docentes. Los instrumentos empleados fueron la Escala de teorías implícitas de comprensión lectora, un complemento de ésta y la Carta sobre el significado de leer dirigida a un alumno de primer ciclo. Entre los distintos resultados que se encontraron, se puede mencionar que las docentes no se clasificaron en una sola teoría implícita de comprensión lectora, sino en distintas, lo cual permite comprender que tienen concepciones sobre lo que significa la comprensión lectora, pero de forma difusa. El hallazgo destacado consistió en visibilizar estas teorías implícitas a partir del discurso presente en sus cartas. En trabajos futuros, se podría indagar sobre las biografías lectoras del profesorado.
ATENDIMENTO MULTIDISCIPLINAR A CRIANÇAS COM INFECÇÃO CAUSADA POR QUEIMADURAS
Authors: Vitoria Oliveira Souza  , Gabriel Matheus Carneiro de Oliveira Ramos  , Vanessa Ximenes Bertoldo Rolim  , Rosa Alice dos Praseres  , Cinthia Souto Dourado Barboza  , Andre Paschoa  , Ana Paula de Andrade Silva  , Sthefany Lopes Barreto  , Douglas Guimarães Brito  , Thaís Torato Teodoro  , Ketlyn Silva de Macedo  , Itamara Augusta Diniz
Published: June 2024

Examinou-se na literatura científica como a equipe multidisciplinar atua no cuidado de crianças com infecções decorrentes de queimaduras. O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases LILACS, SciELO e PubMed, utilizando os descritores: Queimaduras, Infecção, Cuidados de Enfermagem e Multidisciplinar, combinados com o operador booleano AND. Os critérios de inclusão abrangeram artigos completos disponíveis nessas bases, relevantes ao título e objetivo do estudo, que respondessem à pergunta central, e publicados em português ou inglês dentro do período estabelecido. Artigos duplicados, anais de congressos, não relevantes ao estudo ou fora do período determinado foram excluídos. Selecionamos artigos completos com texto disponível online, publicados entre 2013 e 2021. Inicialmente, 71 artigos foram identificados e, após análise e aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, 7 estudos compuseram a amostra final. As infecções decorrentes de queimaduras são responsáveis por mais de 70% das mortes entre pacientes queimados. Nos casos graves, a pneumonia é a infecção sistêmica mais frequente, resultante de queimaduras extensas, infecções em feridas, flebite, aspiração, traqueotomia e sepse. Além disso, aproximadamente 77% das queimaduras ocorrem no ambiente domiciliar, com uma parte considerável desse número envolvendo crianças. Esses dados ressaltam a importância de pesquisas sobre o tema e a necessidade de medidas preventivas, pois a ocorrência de queimaduras aumenta significativamente o risco de infecções. As queimaduras representam um sério problema de saúde pública, afetando 2 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, incluindo 1 milhão no Brasil. A atuação de uma equipe multidisciplinar é crucial. A infecção é uma das principais causas de morte por queimaduras, tornando a prevenção essencial para garantir a qualidade do atendimento e a recuperação dos pacientes.
Ambient Music Form - Focusing on Aphex Twin’s “Rhubarb”
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Study of Popular Music, Kwon Hyunwoo
Published: June 2024

Ambient music does not have a traditional music forms but emphasizes a sense of space through continuous repetition of pad and drone sounds. This study sought to reveal the characteristics of ambient music format. By analyzing Aphex Twin’s song “Rhubarb,” this study investigated the dynamic changes in ambient music that occur through repetition and transformation. The analysis confirmed that the dynamic change achieved through the overlapping of textures on repeated musical phrases forms the form of the song, thereby expanding and contracting the sense of space.
The characteristics of the ambient music format were summarized as repetitive forms, dynamic changes through texture overlap, and creation of a sense of space through dynamic changes. This analysis of formal characteristics can be applied not only to the early ambient music created by Brian Eno, but also to the electronic music genre that later combined ambient music and ambient sound through combination with other genres. Analysis of ambient music as a branch of electronic music as well as research on ambient sound will provide a new direction to the possibilities of such music.
Early Jazz in Korea during the Japanese Colonial Period - Focused on Texts from Newspapers and Magazines between 1927 and 1940
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Study of Popular Music, Nam Ye Ji
Published: June 2024

This study examines how jazz, first introduced to Korea in the 1920s, was received until it faced interruption by the music prohibition decree of 1940 during the Japanese colonial era. This study collected newspaper and magazine texts between 1927 and 1940. The texts were then sorted into three categories and examined based on previous studies regarding the amount of jazz record release: period of formation, development, and decay. During the formation period, “Korean Jazz Band” was notably active, which was also known as the very first jazz band in Korea. During the development period, various jazz bands were produced by record companies and they actively performed live. Lastly, during the decay period, jazz-related texts rapidly disappeared from the media due to the music prohibition decree. Although the characteristics of these three periods are less explicitly distinguished due to a brief prevalence of jazz at the time and limited available data, this study is significant in that it examines the chronology of jazz during the time of Japanese colonial rule in Korea.
Present and Key Issues of AI Composer and the Direction of Music Copyright Discussions in Korea
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Study of Popular Music, Lee Da Young
Published: June 2024

AI composer stands out as one of the most vigorously applied domains of AI technology within the music sector. This study discusses the current status of AI composer as perceived by various stakeholders in Korea through recent issues in the music industry and relevant literature, while also examining the copyright-related issues and directions of discourse. The aim is to encourage policymakers to adopt a balanced perspective on technological advancement and copyright protection, and to facilitate understanding among music industry stakeholders and composers regarding the direction of copyright discussions.
To emphasize the contentious issues arising in the process of music content production, this study categorizes them into pre-creation stages, creation stages, and other areas. First, in the pre-creation stages involving data learning, copyright infringement issues arise from the replication and transmission of original data. Thus, we propose the necessity for transparent disclosure of information regarding training data, as well as discussions on the extent and method of compensation for the data copyright holders, and the need for policy support to facilitate such agreements.
Second, in the post-creation stages, copyright issues revolve around the recognition of AI composer creators, ownership attribution, and protection methods. Concerning the recognition of creators, as instances of recognizing AI as creators increase globally, this study suggests preparations for potential impacts on international copyright laws. Furthermore, the distribution criteria based on AI’s role and contribution must be established, with an emphasis on the necessity for internal consensus within the music industry.
Lastly, the sharing and commercial use of music composed by AI and the determination of similarity with existing works are also discussed. Specifically, ethical guidelines regarding plagiarism and the need for systems enabling objective judgment are proposed.
The “shadow cultural economy” of French K-pop Fan-intermediaries in the Digital Age - From Recruitment to Financing
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Study of Popular Music, NA Woojin
Published: June 2024

This study analyzes the cultural practices of French K-pop cultural intermediaries, who fill the gap in vertical mediation in the K-pop industry, through “textual productivity,” from the perspective of “production” rather than “consumption” to understand how their “shadow cultural economy” is organized, functions, and develops. To this end, we conducted semi-directive interviews with fan- intermediaries playing an important role in French K-pop fandom to learn about their systems of recruitment, production, distribution and financing. The practices of these intermediaries, like those of professional cultural workers, are guided by their own rules and practices, from recruitment processes to financing methods. First, consistent with the characteristics of fan productions, they organize their members primarily through personal networks. However, despite this relatively free human composition system, a clear division of labor among them was observed. They formed also promotional networks through digital “sharing” with other fan-intermediaries, thus demonstrating their strong solidarity. They had a variety of social and economic reward systems at their disposal, depending on the level of popularity they had acquired on digital platforms. These systems included crowdfunding, invitations to East Asian cultural events, visibility contracts with K-POP related retailers, and the provision of dance lessons. This clearly demonstrates that a “hybrid economy” within fan culture is already in practice.
Invarianza en escala Likert de cinco y siete puntos del SWLS en 5 países iberoamericanos
Authors: Núñez Ramírez Marco Alberto , Garduño Realivazquez Karla Alejandra , Esparza García Irma Guadalupe
Published: June 2024

La escala Likert se ha convertido en un método popular de evaluación dentro de las ciencias sociales, sin embargo, no existe un consenso sobre cuál opción de respuesta es mejor (de cinco o siete puntos). La presente investigación trató de comparar las propiedades psicométricas de ambas opciones de respuesta Likert mediante el caso de un instrumento de satisfacción con la vida. A través del análisis de invarianza de medida, se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo y transversal. Con dos muestras no probabilísticas de jóvenes de cinco países hispanohablantes (n1 = 706, n2 = 911), se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio multigrupo (país y género), considerando la invarianza configural, métrica, escalar y estricta. Los hallazgos sugieren, con base en estudios previos, que la escala Likert-5 obtuvo resultados más favorables. Por lo tanto, el instrumento sí fue invariante al comparar países; no obstante, respecto al género, se obtuvieron algunos indicadores favorables para soportar la invarianza de medida del instrumento.
The impact of sea level rise during nor?easters in New England: Acadia National Park, Boston Harbor Islands, Boston National Historical Park, and Cape Cod National Seashore
Authors: Ginis Isaac , Crowley Deborah , Stempel Peter , Babson Amanda
Published: June 2024

This study examines the potential impact of sea level rise (SLR) caused by climate change on the effects of extratropical cyclones, also known as nor?easters, in four New England coastal parks: Acadia National Park (ACAD), Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (BOHA), Boston National Historical Park (BOST) and Cape Cod National Seashore (CACO). A multi-method approach is employed, including a literature review, observational data analysis, coupled hydrodynamic-wave numerical modeling, 3D visualizations, and communication of findings. The literature review examines previous studies of nor?easters and associated storm surges in New England and SLR projections across the study domain due to climate change. The observational data analysis evaluates the characteristics of nor?easters and their effects, providing a basis for validating the model. Numerical modeling is performed using the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) model, coupled with the Simulating Waves in the Nearshore (SWAN) model to simulate storm surges and waves. The model was validated against available observations and demonstrated its ability to simulate water levels, inland inundation, and wave heights in the study area with high accuracy. The validated model was used to simulate three powerful nor?easters (April 2007, January 2018, and March 2018) and each storm was simulated for three sea levels, (1) a baseline mean sea level representative of the year 2020, as well as with a (2) 1 ft of SLR and (3) 1 m of SLR. Analysis of the model output was used to assess the vulnerability of the parks to nor?easters by examining peak impacts in the park areas. Additional simulations were conducted to evaluate the role of waves in predicting peak water levels and the impact of inlet configurations on storm surges within coastal embayments behind the barrier beach systems in the southern Cape Cod region. The project developed maps, three-dimensional visualizations, and an interpretive film to assist the parks in planning for resource management, maintenance, emergency management, visitor access, safety, education, and outreach. These tools provide a better understanding of the potential impacts of nor?easters and SLR and enable the parks to better prepare for future storms.
Greater Glasgow pond amphibian surveys 2022
Authors: Downie E. , Happe M. , Downie J.R.
Published: June 2024

In 2019, Clyde Amphibian and Reptile Group (CARG) decided to organise a spring 2020 common frogspawn (Rana temporaria) survey of the Greater Glasgow area, Scotland. The COVID-19 lockdown postponed this project until 2022. The 2022 survey area was spread across four council districts: Glasgow City, South Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire. The primary aim of the surveys was to collect records of amphibian breeding throughout the Greater Glasgow Area, with secondary aims of: (1) revisiting the ponds to see if the ponds supported the spawn through to tadpole and froglet stages; (2) assessing the condition of the ponds for amphibians; (3) identifying areas for habitat enhancement work; and (4) collecting data on breeding common toads (Bufo bufo) and newts (Lissotriton, Ichthyosaura and Triturus spp.). A total of 45 volunteers participated in the surveys. Surveys were completed between March and May 2022, with a primary focus between March and April in order to capture frog spawning data. Surveyors were asked to record amphibian population data, and habitat data in order to estimate Habitat Suitability Indices. In total 162 ponds were surveyed, with evidence of breeding common frogs found in 66.1% of ponds with 11,478 frogspawn clumps counted on the first set of surveys. Only 12.2% of ponds were found to contain common toads, and small newts (Lissotriton spp.) were identified in only 7.4% of ponds. In relation to the quality of breeding habitat, 24.5% of ponds were assessed as drying out annually, which significantly reduces the suitability of these ponds for breeding. This figure is predicted to increase with anthropogenic climate change reducing the number of breeding ponds available to amphibians in the absence of intervention. Furthermore, the majority of the ponds surveyed were assessed as offering poor or below average suitability for great crested newts (Triturus cristatus) and nearly half of the ponds surveyed were found to have poor or bad water quality, which can increase stress levels for larval amphibians and may adversely affect mortality levels. However, as the analysis of water quality was subjective, these findings should be treated with caution.
Effect of Degree of Smoking Based on Brinkman Index on Hemoglobin Levels in Adults
Authors: Wijaya Bryan Anna , Sari Mariyati Dewi Nataprawira
Published: June 2024

Cigarette consumption is the main cause of death in the world because it affects various physiological conditions in the body. Various ingredients in cigarette smoke such as tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, and others can cause health problems, especially in the O2 transportation system. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all tissues. The carbon monoxide contained in cigarette smoke is competitive with O2 in binding to hemoglobin so that the oxygen distributed to the tissues is reduced. The body will compensate for peripheral hypoxia that occurs by increasing hemoglobin levels in the body so that oxygen transport to the tissues can be maintained. Research regarding the relationship between the degree of smoking and hemoglobin levels is still controversial. Analytical research with cross-sectional design. A total of 184 respondents were taken using purposive sampling and it was found that the majority (94%) were men who worked as security officers, cleaners, parking attendants, or technicians. Based on the Brinkman Index, 73.9% of respondents were classified as light smokers, only 1.6% were classified as heavy smokers and 50.5% of respondents had low hemoglobin levels. Analysis showed that the majority of respondents in the light smoker group had normal hemoglobin levels (58.1%), while moderate and heavy smokers had lower hemoglobin levels. In statistical analysis, a significant p-value (0.001) was found between the degree of smoking and hemoglobin levels.
Population Health in the Russian Arctic: Problems, Challenges, Solutions
Authors:   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sci-ences, Provorova Anna A. , Smirennikova Elena V. , Ukhanova Anna V.
Published: June 2024

Significant lagging of the Arctic regions of Russia from the all-Russian values of life expectancy and mortality rates of people of working age is noted at the highest state level as one of the main threats to the socio-economic development of the Russian Arctic and ensuring its national security. This lag is largely due to the negative impact of extreme natural and climatic environmental conditions on the health of the population working and living in the Arctic. The presented article is aimed at systematizing the problems and challenges associated with the impact of the harsh natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic on the health of the population living there, as well as finding ways to adapt the public administration system to these challenges. Based on a critical analysis of scientific literature and official statistical information, the paper identifies the health features and the process of adaptation to the natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic for different groups of the Arctic population: indigenous, old-timers and newcomers. The authors have substantiated that the most vulnerable group of the population, whose health is most negatively affected by the extreme natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic, are migrants. On the basis of generalization of problems and peculiarities of public health of the Arctic population and systematization of the experience of previous scientific research, the directions of adaptation of the public administration system of the Arctic regions to the existing challenges have been developed. These directions are based on a differentiated approach to various groups of the Arctic population: indigenous, old-timers and newcomers. According to the authors, the implementation of the directions presented in the article, as well as the creation of the most favorable socio-economic living conditions, can compensate for physiological losses and improve the health indicators of Arctic residents.
Innovative Potential of the Regions in the Russian Arctic Zone: State and Spatial Differentiation
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tishkov Sergey V. , Egorov Nikolay E. , Volkov Aleksandr D. , Kovrov Grigoriy S. ,   Research Institute of Regional Economy of the North, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: June 2024

The article considers the components of the innovation potential of Russian regions that are fully or partially included in the Arctic zone. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate the state and dynamics of innovative development of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The methodology for calculating the composite index of innovative development is proposed. The calculations are made on the basis of the database formed by the authors, which consists of four blocks; the main conclusions on the blocks are formed. According to the composite index for the period 20152021, the leading positions are occupied by the Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Arkhangelsk Oblast and the Komi Republic, and the Republics of Karelia, Sakha (Yakutia) and Komi in terms of the index growth rate. The study of the state, dynamics and level of innovation development in the regions of the AZRF shows that some components of innovation potential are unevenly developed in the regions that are fully or partially included in the AZRF. At the same time, the regions differ in the dynamics of innovative development. Thus, the worst indicators of innovative development in accordance with the proposed methodology are observed in the Arkhangelsk Oblast, Chukotka and Nenets Autonomous okrugs. The high correlation between the composite index of innovative development and indicators of socio-economic development of the regions revealed by the authors characterizes the positive impact of innovation activity on the socio-economic development of the AZRF subjects. In this regard, the key recommendations are the following: improvement of legislative support for the formation of eco-industrial, tourist zones, innovation sites and cluster formations in the Arctic territory within the framework of testing new formats of economic intensification of the Russian Arctic regions; formation of a macro-regional register of suppliers of innovative products for the projects of residents of the AZRF with the distribution of preferential measures of a special economic and administrative regime. The prospects of the research are related to the study of critical vulnerabilities in the production and technological processes of the sectors of specialization of the Arctic regions in import substitution.
Mining Waste Management of the Arctic Industrial Enterprises: Environmental Protection and Economics of Production
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Ivanov Stanislav V. , Tsukerman Vyacheslav A.
Published: June 2024

The problems of mining waste management at industrial enterprises and increasing the economy of production are among the most urgent ones, especially for the Arctic ecosystems, characterized by high sensitivity to external factors and the complexity of recovery. The research was conducted on the example of large industrial corporations directly operating in the Arctic, including PJSC PhosAgro, PJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel, Severstal Resource division of PJSC Severstal and PJSC NOVATEK. The key indicators related to waste management for 20182022 were analyzed. The trend of increasing volumes of mining waste in the Arctic was revealed, while the level of its utilization remained practically unchanged. It is proposed to intensify scientific research in the field of rational use of mining waste and to develop technologies for their processing, taking into account the impact on the Arctic ecosystems. It is suggested to create research and production centers for each industrial enterprise using the experience of the balanced “triple helix” model. It is recommended to actively participate in the Interdepartmental Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the development of the mineral resource base and its rational use, created in 2023, to develop the scientific foundations for the extraction and processing of minerals and accelerate import substitution.
Local Transport Systems of the Russian Arctic (On the Example of the Primorskiy District of the Arkhangelsk Oblast)
Authors:   Northern Arctic Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Kuznetsova Svetlana Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the concept of transport system with a focus on the local transport system, as well as its role in the socio-economic development of the Russian Arctic. The empirical study is based on the materials of expeditions that took place on the Summer and Winter shores of the Onega Peninsula, as well as on the island territories of the Primorskiy district of the Arkhangelsk Oblast. The local transport system was analyzed in terms of its elements: infrastructure, regulatory system, vehicles used, information support, informal institutional system of transport support regulation, etc. The materials obtained during the expedition were supplemented with data on the organization of transport communication, timetables, logistics, and official information on the methods of organizing navigation on the Northern Dvina River and in the White Sea. On the basis of the theory of multiscale and the analysis of empirical data, it is concluded that the local transport system is the main factor determining the scenarios of socio-economic development of municipalities in the Russian Arctic. Transport connectivity of the Arctic zone should start with transformations “from below”, from the local transport system, taking into account local knowledge and institutions. Proposals for the development of the local transport network of the Arctic region are presented.
Attitude of the Population to the Industrial Development of the Territories of Traditional Residence of Indigenous Peoples of the North (On the Materials of Ethnological Expertise in the Sadyn Nasleg of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))
Authors:   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Astakhova Irina S.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the attitude of the population of the Sadyn national Evenk nasleg of the Mirninskiy district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) to industrial development. The source for the study was the author’s field material collected as part of the ethnological environmental impact assessment; in particular, a sociological study that included questionnaire survey, expert and group interviews. The results of the study showed that the majority of the population has a negative attitude to the industrial development. Their concerns are related to the deterioration of the environmental situation and the reduction of land suitable for traditional farming and crafts. As a consequence, respondents are confident that the oil and gas exploration project in the territory of the nasleg will either have no effect on their social status and the nature of their work or will worsen their well-being. Positive expectations from the project are primarily related to the organization of new jobs and the improvement of the village. Respondents believe that the compensation of losses provided for by the ethnological expertise should be focused on each resident of the village. First of all, funds should be allocated for the construction of social facilities, training and employment of the youth of the village. Compensation payments should be annual. The research is aimed at solving social issues related to the industrial development of places of traditional residence of indigenous peoples. Recommendations in the search for compromise solutions are given.
ACTIVITIES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UZBEK SSR IN CRIMINAL CASES
Authors:   Senior lecturer of the department “Newest history of Uzbekistan”, Faculty of History, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Topildieva M.R.
Published: June 2024

In this article, based on the information of primary archive documents, the author commented on the activities of the Supreme Court in the field of criminal cases in the Uzbek SSR. The duties and powers of the Criminal Division of the Supreme Court of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic have been scientifically researched.
Handbook to Profile Small Arms Ammunition in Armed Violence Settings
Authors: Malaret Baldo Alfredo , Martínez Miralles Manuel
Published: June 2024

Focusing on ammunition flows and misuse can help reduce armed violence. There are several potential advantages to focusing on ammunition: unlike firearms, ammunition must be replenished once used and restricting its flow can therefore ‘starve firearms of oxygen’. Also, ammunition supply-chains tend to be shorter from transfer to use, increasing the scope for domestic policy to have an immediate effect reducing armed violence in urban environments. In short, improved research into ammunition flows and the dynamics enabling lethal outcomes can inform policy responses with potential to reduce firearms-related violence in armed violence settings. This Handbook offers users a step-by-step how-to guide for ammunition profiling by generating an overview of the small arms ammunition that have been diverted, trafficked, and/or misused in particular urban environments. This Handbook will help practitioners build an evidence base to inform downstream policies aimed at curbing the flow of ammunition proliferation reaching unauthorized hands and/or unauthorized use in urban environments. Afterwards, the evidence and lessons learned from urban environments can be channelled upstream to inform multilateral and global processes. Therefore, this Handbook presents itself as a product with two distinct contributions to the field in that it: (i) codifies a methodology for any interested user to utilize it and yield results in a standardized manner and (ii) presents the ammunition profiling methodology with an armed violence in urban environments lens, for replication studies to follow suit across different cities.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Struktur Organisasi dan Perluasan Pengetahuan Pemasaran Digital pada Yayasan PIPAYA Bogor
Authors: Abdillah Fatimah , Pradana Egi Adithia
Published: June 2024

Organization is a crucial component of the management system, with human resource management receiving particular emphasis. Implementing a good management system can help an organization enhance its performance. One component of the management system required to support performance is the preparation of marketing materials and organizational structures. The Pipaya Foundation is a non-profit organization headed by housewives that is committed to managing aid to orphanages. The goal of the support that was provided in building up the Pipaya Foundation's management system is to help the non-profit organization perform better. In order to conduct this study, quantitative descriptive approaches were used. This study's respondents were Pipaya Foundation administrators and members. This study used a questionnaire that contains various questions about the implementation of organizational management and structure, as well as the usage of digital technologies to sell its services. According to the results of data analysis from responders, the mentorship process can help boost understanding about Pipaya's organizational structure and digital marketing. Respondents' average level of knowledge went from high to very high after receiving governance and digital marketing training. Effective and well-structured management of non-profit organizations, like Pipaya, can boost the productivity of human resources and organizations, thereby supporting the Indonesian people's economy.
 Keywords: Performance; Non-profit organizations; Orphan Assistance Manager; Marketing; Human resources
The Influence of Destination Image and Tourist Attraction on Visitor Satisfaction
Authors: Manurung Tarida Marlin Surya , Elizabeth Maria
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine: (1) the influence of Destination Image on the Satisfaction of Visitors to the Bogor Botanical Gardens, (2) the influence of Tourist Attractions on the Satisfaction of Visitors to the Bogor Botanical Gardens, (3) the influence of Destination Image and Tourist Attractions on the Satisfaction of Visitors to the Bogor Botanical Gardens. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire-based survey distributed to 105 respondents. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling with the characteristics of respondents, namely tourists who have visited the Bogor Botanical Garden once in the past year. The data analysis methods used are descriptive analysis, SEM-PLS analysis, outer model, inner model, and hypothesis testing using SmartPLS version 4 software. Based on the test results, the data obtained are as follows: (1) Destination image partially has a positive and significant effect on visitor satisfaction at the Bogor Botanical Gardens, (2) Tourist attraction partially has a positive and significant effect on visitor satisfaction at the Bogor Botanical Gardens, (3) Destination image and tourist attraction simultaneously have a significant effect on visitor satisfaction at the Bogor Botanical Gardens, (4) Tourist Attraction is the variable that has the most influence on visitor satisfaction to the Bogor Botanical Gardens.
 
Keywords: Tourism, Destination Image, Tourist Attraction, Visitor Satisfaction
Evaluation of the Adoption and Implementation of Technology-Enhanced Mathematics Lessons in Basic Schools
Authors: Yeng Enock , Tatsi Samuel
Published: June 2024

The study evaluated the adoption and implementation of technology-enhanced mathematics lessons in basic schools in the Ho West District of the Volta Region of Ghana. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model. The target population was all basic school teachers in Ho West District. The adopted research design was a descriptive survey research design with a quantitative approach. A stratified random sampling technique was employed and 450 basic school teachers were used as samples for the study. Data were collected using a close- ended questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.77 was analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, independent samples t-tests, and Pearson’s moment correlation. The results revealed that a teacher recognizes instructional technology as useful for their mathematics instruction. Hence, challenges from teachers, least access to instructional technology tools, training, time for lesson preparation, technical issues, and resistance from their students and colleagues were identified. The study recommends that regular assessments are made on the teachers’ perceptions to tailor professional development needs. Additionally, teachers should be supported by their head teachers to tackle issues specific to individual teachers.
Optimizing Financial Strategies to Minimize Customer Returns in E-Commerce Ecosystems
Authors: Perla Suryateja , Chandra Shekar Poturi
Published: June 2024

The rise of e-commerce has transformed the retail landscape, offering convenience and accessibility to consumers worldwide. However, alongside the benefits come challenges, with customer returns being a significant concern for e-commerce businesses. This research paper investigates the role of financial management strategies in reducing customer returns within e-commerce ecosystems. By examining various tactics such as pricing optimization, inventory management, and customer service investments, this study aims to provide insights into effective approaches for minimizing returns while maintaining financial sustainability. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical analysis, this paper offers practical recommendations for e-commerce businesses to enhance their financial management practices and mitigate the impact of customer returns on profitability.
Beyond the Onion Routing: Unmasking Illicit Activities on the Dark Web
Authors: Bidv Vijaykumar , Suryakant Waghmare Aishwarya
Published: June 2024

This comprehensive study delves into the complexities of the Dark Web, a concealed segment of the internet that remains invisible to standard search engines and is accessible only through specialized tools like The Onion Router (TOR), which ensures user anonymity. While the Dark Web is celebrated for its capacity to safeguard privacy and foster free expression, it concurrently serves as a sanctuary for illegal endeavours, encompassing drug trafficking, unauthorized arms trading, and a spectrum of cybercrime. The primary objective of this research is to scrutinize the efficacy of onion routing, the foundational technology behind the Dark Web, in preserving user anonymity amidst escalating efforts by law enforcement agencies to dismantle illegal activities. This paper adopts a rigorous approach that melds an exhaustive review of pertinent literature with empirical investigations to pinpoint the intrinsic vulnerabilities within the onion routing framework. Furthermore, the study introduces innovative methodologies aimed at bolstering the detection and neutralization of illicit transactions and communications on the Dark Web. These proposed methods seek to establish a delicate balance between upholding the Dark Web's legitimate functions—such as protecting privacy and enabling free speech—and curtailing its misuse for criminal activities. The paper culminates in a discussion of the broader implications of these findings for policymakers, law enforcement officials, and privacy advocates. It provides a set of recommendations for future research and policy formulation in this intricate and ever-evolving domain, to navigate the challenges posed by the Dark Web while preserving its essential values.
Citizen-Led Disaster Preparedness: Adaptive Survival and Safety Techniques in the Face of Limited Resources
Authors: Ebube Nnaji Miracle
Published: June 2024

Citizens proactively preparing themselves and working together at the neighbourhood level are often key to a successful disaster reaction. When communities don't have a lot of outside help after a disaster, this article looks at how grassroots organising and adaptive survival techniques can help them stay alive and get back on their feet. Texas tornadoes and Hurricane Katrina are two examples of how citizen-led planning and mutual help can fill in important gaps in response. When official first responders are too busy, Oklahomans help each other out by giving each other emergency supplies, a place to stay, and search and rescue services. People in the community came together during Hurricane Katrina in 2005 to give out supplies and provide housing for people who were stuck for days without help. With decentralised preparation, this book suggests flexible methods that people and communities can use to become more resilient. Communication networks should be set up using all available channels; complete emergency supply kits should be put together and updated on a regular basis; backup power and clean water sources should be made sure of; shelters should be strengthened to withstand high winds and flooding; and coordinated evacuation and neighbourhood watch plans should be made. Citizens can help each other on their own if reaction capabilities are exceeded by setting up localised chains of command, stockpiling supplies, and making it clear who is responsible for sheltering who. In order to better coordinate their efforts and get back on their feet faster after a disaster, communities that establish clear roles and mutual deals are better organised. By applying adaptive strategies, citizens can overcome resource limitations and environmental vulnerabilities through self-sufficiency and mutual aid. Widespread civilian preparation and cooperation builds resilience to withstand catastrophic events when facing delayed or restricted formalized relief efforts.
Perception and Barriers to Spectacle for Remedy to Refractive Eye Problems among Patients Accessing Refration at the Ophthalmology Units of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital and Specialist Hospital Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Onyeahiri Collins , Iliya Kyamru James, , Ahmed Saleh, , Adamu Muhammad Muhammad,
Published: June 2024

Background: Spectacles stands as the economical, effective and generally tolerable method of refractive errors correction. The research purpose is to appraise the perception of spectacle lens for remedy to refractive errors among patients accessing refraction at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital and Specialist Hospital Bauchi.  Methods: The study adopted descriptive survey research design; with convenient and purposive sampling techniques in participants’ selection. Three hundred and eighty-four (384) male and female patients, aged 18 to 80 years, accessing refraction at the Ophthalmology Units of the hospitals comprised the respondents; with average age of 46.0±15.4 years and 47.9% were females. Questionnaire generated through the literature review was adopted in accessing the participants’ demographics, perception and barriers to spectacles utilisation. Relationships between outcome variables were investigated using Pearson chi-square test at 95% confidence level and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  Results: Great number of the respondents (80.0%) were of the perception that spectacle lens would worsen their vision, but the elderly age group (87.5%), secondary (66.7%) and tertiary (75.0%) educational levels disagreed. There was association between respondents’ educational level and perception of spectacles in the area of ‘spectacle inconveniences and would lead to blindness (X 2=66.79, p-value=0.0000).  Conclusion: Educational level and age played significant role in the respondents’ positive perception of spectacle lens for refractive errors’ correction. The study recommended patients counselling on the benefits of managing refractive errors with spectacles so as to eliminate associated misconceptions with its use.