bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIGURE 6 from Anti-Vα24Jα18 TCR Antibody Tunes iNKT Cell Responses to Target and Kill CD1d-negative Tumors in an FcγRII (CD32)-dependent Manner
Authors: Takami Mariko , Aoki Takahiro , Nishimura Katsuhiro , Tanaka Hidekazu , Onodera Atsushi , Motohashi Shinichiro
Published: February 2024

Primary tumor cells express CD32. A, Expression levels of FCGR2A across TCGA tumors were assessed by GEPIA. TCGA study abbreviations: LAML, acute myeloid leukemia; BLCA, bladder urothelial carcinoma; BRCA, breast invasive carcinoma; CESC, cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma; COAD, colon adenocarcinoma; KIRP, kidney renal papillary carcinoma; LIHC, liver hepatocellular carcinoma; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; LUSC, lung squamous cell carcinoma; PRAD, prostate adenocarcinoma; STAD, stomach adenocarcinoma; UCS, uterine carcinosarcoma. B, Lung tumor tissue arrays were subjected to IHC to detect CD32 expression in LUAD and LUSC (×400). C, LAML cells were stained with anti-CD32 or isotype control Abs and analyzed by flow cytometry. D, iNKT cells sorted using Vα24-FITC Ab/FITC MicroBeads were maintained in the presence of IL2 overnight, washed twice, and then cultured in fresh medium with IL2 for 4 or 5 days. iNKT cells treated with the 6B11 mAb (50 ng/mL) overnight were washed and cocultured with LAML or K562 cells (control) at an E/T ratio of 2:1. A CD107a assay was then performed. PT, patient.
FIGURE 2 from Anti-Vα24Jα18 TCR Antibody Tunes iNKT Cell Responses to Target and Kill CD1d-negative Tumors in an FcγRII (CD32)-dependent Manner
Authors: Takami Mariko , Aoki Takahiro , Nishimura Katsuhiro , Tanaka Hidekazu , Onodera Atsushi , Motohashi Shinichiro
Published: February 2024

6B11 mAb induces degranulation of iNKT cells toward K562 cells. PBMCs isolated from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of α-GalCer and IL2 for 9–10 days, followed by sorting using Vα24-FITC Ab/FITC MicroBeads. Sorted iNKT cells were maintained in the presence of IL2 overnight and then washed. iNKT cells were then maintained in the presence of IL2 until analysis. A, Sorted iNKT cells were maintained overnight and then the culture supernatant was collected. The culture supernatant depleted with anti-mouse Ig beads or the control was added to iNKT cell cultures overnight prior to coculture with K562 cells for the CD107a assay. B, Sorted iNKT cells treated with the 6B11 mAb (10, 50, and 100 ng/ mL) or isotype mAb (mIgG1, 50 ng/mL) were cocultured with K562 cells for CD107a assays. C, Sorted iNKT cells treated with the 6B11 mAb (50 ng/mL) or isotype mAb (50 ng/mL) were cocultured with K562 cells at E/T ratios of 10:1, 5:1, and 2.5:1. An LDH release assay was then performed. D, Sorted iNKT cells treated with the 6B11 mAb (50 ng/ mL) or isotype (mIgG1, 50 ng/mL) were cocultured with K562 cells. Culture supernatants were collected for Cytometric Bead Array to assess IFNγ and TNFα production. E, iNKT cells were treated with the 6B11 mAb and anti-CD3e (UCHT1), anti-CD28, anti-CD2, or isotype control Abs overnight. iNKT cells were then washed and cocultured with K562 cells. Data are representative of two independent experiments. Data represent the mean ± SEM. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001. HD, healthy donor.
FIGURE 3 from Exhausted Tumor-infiltrating CD39+CD103+ CD8+ T Cells Unveil Potential for Increased Survival in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Gorchs Laia , Fernández-Moro Carlos , Asplund Ebba , Oosthoek Marlies , Solders Martin , Ghorbani Poya , Sparrelid Ernesto , Rangelova Elena , Löhr Matthias J. , Kaipe Helen
Published: February 2024

Expression of coinhibitory markers on T cells expressing chemokine receptors. A, Representative flow cytometry zebra plots on CD8+ T cells showing the gating strategy to identify CCR5, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, and CXCR6 positive cells. B, Proportion of CCR5 (n = 12), CXCR3 (n = 15), CXCR4 (n = 14), CXCR5 (n = 12), and CXCR6 (n = 6) on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from central and peripheral tumor tissues, non-tumor tissues and patient PBMCs. C, Expression of PD-1, TIM-3, and PD-1-TIM-3 coexpression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing (+) or not (−) CCR5, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, and CXCR6 in central and peripheral tumor tissues of 6–7 patients. B, Friedman test followed by Dunn test was used to evaluate significant difference between groups. C, Wilcoxon matched pairs signed-rank test was used to detect statistically significant differences. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, not significant.
Data from Exhausted Tumor-infiltrating CD39+CD103+ CD8+ T Cells Unveil Potential for Increased Survival in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Gorchs Laia , Fernández-Moro Carlos , Asplund Ebba , Oosthoek Marlies , Solders Martin , Ghorbani Poya , Sparrelid Ernesto , Rangelova Elena , Löhr Matthias J. , Kaipe Helen
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the infiltration of CD8+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment correlates with a favorable prognosis. However, a significant proportion of tumor-infiltrating T cells become trapped within the desmoplastic stroma and lack tumor reactivity. Here, we explored different T-cell subsets in pancreatic tumors and adjacent tissues. We identified a subset of CD8+ T cells, double positive (DP) for CD39 and CD103 in pancreatic tumors, which has recently been described to display tumor reactivity in other types of solid tumors. Interestingly, DP CD8+ T cells preferentially accumulated in central tumor tissues compared with paired peripheral tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Consistent with an antigen encounter, DP CD8+ T cells demonstrated higher proliferative rates and displayed an exhausted phenotype, characterized by elevated expression of PD-1 and TIM-3, compared with CD39−CD103− CD8+ T cells. In addition, DP CD8+ T cells exhibited higher expression levels of the tissue trafficking receptors CCR5 and CXCR6, while displaying lower levels of CXCR3 and CXCR4. Importantly, a high proportion of DP CD8+ T cells is associated with increased patient survival. These findings suggest that DP CD8+ T cells with a phenotype reminiscent of that of tumor-reactive T cells are present in pancreatic tumors. The abundance of DP CD8+ T cells could potentially aid in selecting patients for pancreatic cancer immunotherapy trials.
Significance:
Patients with pancreatic cancer with a high proportion of CD39+CD103+ CD8+ T cells exhibiting a tumor-reactive phenotype have improved survival rates, suggesting their potential utility in selecting candidates for immunotherapy trials.
Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Renal Phospholipidosis: Case Report and Review of Differential Diagnoses
Authors: Menke Amélie Friederike , Heitplatz Barbara , Van Marck Veerle , Pavenstädt Hermann , Jehn Ulrich
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Renal phospholipidosis describes the accumulation of phospholipids in the lysosomes of kidney cells, in particular podocytes. Originally, this was described primarily in the context of the lysosomal storage disorder Fabry disease. It is now known that a variety of drugs can lead to the accumulation of lysosomal phospholipids. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 69-year-old female patient suffering chronic kidney disease and systemic lupus erythematosus who underwent a kidney biopsy because of a further increase in serum creatinine levels. There was no evidence of lupus nephritis, but electron microscopy showed zebra bodies as a morphological sign of phospholipidosis. This was most likely drug-induced after 25 years of continuous medication with hydroxychloroquine. A renal biopsy 2 years and 6 months earlier, when the renal function of the patient was distinctively better, showed no signs of renal phospholipidosis. Afterward, medication with hydroxychloroquine was discontinued, and renal function parameters remained stable in the 1-year course. Conclusion: This case raises the question of how severely impaired renal function affects the risk of hydroxychloroquine-induced renal phospholipidosis and underlines that hydroxychloroquine should be administered with caution in patients with kidney insufficiency. Moreover, we provide a review of the causes of renal phospholipidosis, which have been described in the literature and give an overview of possible differential diagnoses in cases with histologically proven phospholipidosis in renal biopsies.
Extramammary Paget’s Disease of the Scrotal and Penile: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yang Xunguo , Lin Han , Gao Zhenhua , Wang Xingqi , Li Ling , Tian Daoming , Wen Yubin , Shen Jihong
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Extramammary Paget’s disease of the scrotum and penis is a relatively rare cutaneous malignant tumor. At present, its pathogenesis, and clinical and pathological characteristics are not very clear. This is controversial regarding surgical margin width to decrease the high recurrence rate. This paper aimed to report the case and review the literature of extramammary Paget’s disease of scrotum and penis. Case Presentation: We presented the case of a 74-year-old male patient with the patchy erythema and pruritus in the perineum who was admitted to our department. Biopsy of the large plaque revealed Paget disease. Under the condition of ensuring negative surgical margins by rapid frozen pathology, a wide local excision of the lesion, bilateral orchiectomy, and adnexectomy were performed on the patient. Pathology revealed that many scattered vacuolated Paget cells were observed in the epidermal layer, and the diagnosis was Paget’s disease of the scrotum and penis. The 2 cm outside the skin lesion was used as the initial surgical margin, and free skin flap transplantation was used to repair the surgical wound. The patient recovered well and was discharged 1 week after surgery. Conclusion: Currently, histopathologic biopsy is the most important diagnostic method for EMPD. Once confirmed, for patients eligible for surgical intervention, wide local excision of the lesion and rapid intraoperative frozen pathological examination should be performed as soon as possible. The skin flap transplantation is the first choice for the repair of large-scale wound after surgery.
Clinical Outcomes, Survival, and Predictors in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients Treated with Cyclosporine A
Authors: Lu Yingjia , Zhang Lina , Qu Weiying , Feng Zhou , Deng Yuan , Zhao Lin
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Therapeutic options to improve myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-related cytopenias in patients with lower-risk MDS are limited, and cyclosporin A (CSA) is an available option. Methods: We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 153 consecutive patients with lower-risk MDS at our institution from July 1997 to October 2017. The propensity score matching method was used to balance the influence of confounding factors between patients with MDS treated with CSA and other conventional treatments (excluding CSA), and 50 pairs of cases were successfully identified for the final analysis. We assessed response rates, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and factors affecting response and survival. Results: Haematological improvement (HI) was observed in 35 (70%) patients treated with CSA and in 25 (50%) patients treated with conventional therapies (p < 0.05). Treatment with CSA was a favourable prognostic factor for HI in lower-risk MDS patients in the entire population in univariate analysis (odds ratio (OR) 2.333, p < 0.05), but not in multivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, hypocellular marrow was the only independent prognostic factor for HI in the CSA group (OR 6.259, p < 0.05) and in the overall cohort (OR 3.102, p < 0.05). CSA treatment did not improve PFS or OS (p > 0.05). Conclusion: CSA is a safe treatment and can significantly improve cytopenias in a substantial proportion of patients with MDS, especially in individuals with hypocellular bone marrow. However, CSA is not associated with improved PFS or OS.
Dose-Related Visual Outcomes in the Treatment of Choroidal Melanoma with Stereotactic Radiotherapy
Authors: Michael Eugene , Ferguson Reid A. , Hadden Peter W.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) in the treatment of choroidal melanoma (CM) may be indicated if the tumour is located close to the optic nerve or is unsuitable for a radiotherapeutic plaque. It is thought that the rate of visual decline and ocular sequelae with SRT is influenced by dose and location of radiation in relation to important visual structures. This study therefore aimed to look at these prognoses with respect to localisation and dose of radiation when treatment of CM with SRT occurs. Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted on all patients at Dunedin Hospital (DH) from August 2001 to May 2017 who were followed up for 4 years. SRT consisted of 50 Gy divided into five fractions over 5 days to tumours, with 2-mm treatment margins. The primary outcome measure was retention of functional vision – better than hand movements (HMs) within the treated eye. Secondary outcome measures included time to non-functional vision (HM or less) in relation to location, dose and tumour thickness, the presence of radiation retinopathy, local and metastatic tumour progression, enucleation, and disease-specific mortality. Results: Seventy-five patients were identified in this study. Follow-up was incomplete in 10 patients, and 4 patients became deceased within the 4-year study period. Twenty-nine patients (48%) retained visual acuity (VA) better than HMs in the treated eye at 4 years, and thirty-two (52%) of patients did not. Calculated dose to the optic nerve and macula and proximity of the tumour to the optic nerve and macula were not statistically determinative of vision outcomes, although presenting VA was. Fifty-six per cent of patients developed radiation retinopathy involving the macula. The local progression, metastatic progression and enucleation rates were 4.6%, 6%, and 12.3%, representing 3, 4, and 8 patients, respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that approximately half of patients treated with SRT can expect to maintain functional vision better than HM at 4 years. The rate of visual decline and final vision outcome are independent of location of the tumour in relation to the optic nerve and macula. While it affirms that SRT achieves high rates of local tumour control and eye retention, preservation of functional VA remains an unpredictable endpoint for individual cases and highlights the therapeutic challenge of this treatment modality.
Aneurysmal Versus “Benign” Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Alrohimi Anas , Davison Mark A. , Pandhi Abhi , Abdulrazzak Mohammad A. , Wadden Daniel , Bain Mark , Moore Nina , Hussain M. Shazam , Toth Gabor
Published: February 2024

Background

The rate of underlying ruptured aneurysms, complications, and their relevance to outcomes in “benign” perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage are not well known and underreported.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of patients with perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage from a large tertiary care center (2007–2022).

Results

Eighty‐one patients were included with mean age of 55.5 ± 10.3 years. An underlying ruptured aneurysm was diagnosed in 5 patients (6.2%); 3 (60%) had negative computed tomography angiography and they were detected only in digital subtraction angiography (2 on initial digital subtraction angiography and 1 on follow‐up digital subtraction angiography). The most common complication was vasospasm in 25/81 patients (31%), and the majority 21/25 (84%) were asymptomatic. Symptomatic vasospasm occurred at a significantly higher rate among patients with underlying aneurysm (40% versus 2.6%;
P
 = 0.01). Hydrocephalus occurred in 10% of patients, all within 1 day, but at a higher rate in the aneurysmal group (40% versus 8%;
P
 = 0.07). A total of 88% of patients had modified Rankin scale score 0–2 at discharge, but at a significantly higher rate in nonaneurysmal patients (91% versus 40%;
P
 = 0.01). An underlying aneurysm, hydrocephalus, and symptomatic vasospasm were associated with poor functional status (odds ratio [OR] = 14.7 [2.1–104];
P
 = 0.007, OR = 22.6 [4.2–123.5];
P
<0.001, OR = 8.6 [1.06–69.88];
P
 = 0.04), respectively.

Conclusion

“Benign” perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage pattern was associated with a ruptured aneurysm in 6.2% of patients, and 3.7% were detected only on cerebral angiogram. Underlying aneurysm, symptomatic vasospasm, and hydrocephalus were associated with lower rates of good clinical outcome. All hydrocephalus cases were symptomatic and occurred very early. Asymptomatic vasospasm alone was not associated with poor outcomes. Our findings suggest that patients with nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage without hydrocephalus can safely be managed with less strict monitoring and a shorter hospital stay.
Campanula bergomensis (Campanulaceae), a new species from Bergamo Prealps (Northern Italy)
Authors: VALLE BARBARA , EUSTACCHIO ELENA , GALLO GUIDO ROBERTO , BERETTA MARIO , BONELLI MARCO , ZANZOTTERA ALICE , GIANFRANCESCHI LUCA , FEDERICI GERMANO , MANGILI FEDERICO , MANGILI LUCA , PERICO GIOVANNI , TRAINI MYRIAM , CACCIANIGA MARCO
Published: February 2024

A new species of Campanula (Campanulaceae), C. bergomensis sp. nov., is described from the Bergamo Prealps (Orobic Prealps, Lombardy, Northern Italy), based on both morphological and molecular evidence. The new species was considered in the past as an isolated population of C. cespitosa, which presents an eastern Alpine distribution. C. bergomensis is morphologically well distinguishable from C. cespitosa on the number of flowers in the racemose inflorescence, the corolla shape, and the whitish-yellow pollen surface with many spinulae. Genetically, the presence of an insertion of 81-bp in the trnL-F sequences is very characteristic. Further studies are needed to better define the phylogenetic relationship among the three closely related species, C. bergomensis, C. cespitosa and C. cochleariifolia. C. bergomensis inhabits dolomitic debris cones at low elevations. The species is range-restricted and is severely threatened by human activities. Therefore, it is urgent to adopt protection and conservation measures for the new species.
Clarification of the identity and geographic distribution of Phyllanthus claussenii and typification of two names in Phyllanthaceae (Phyllanthoideae)
Authors: SILVA LIMA VITÓRIA RAQUEL , RIBEIRO MENDES JONE CLEBSON , MARIA ATHIÊ-SOUZA SARAH
Published: February 2024

Phyllanthus claussenii is one of the most frequently mentioned species of Phyllanthus sect. Phyllanthus subsect. Clausseniani in various studies. However, it is often mistaken for P. subemarginatus in most collections. In the present work, we present a clarification of the identity and geographic distribution of P. claussenii and the typification of Phyllanthus acuminatus and Savia sessiliflora. The proposal of lectotypes for P. acuminatus and S. sessiliflora will enable the accurate identification of the species and avoid potential ambiguity. To achieve this, protologues and type specimens, including digital images, were analyzed, along with specimens from collections of national and international herbaria.
Senecio sisparensis (Asteraceae), a new species from southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: MURUGAN P. , KARTHIK B. , MURUGESAN M. , MURUGAN C.
Published: February 2024

A new species of Senecio (Asteraceae), S. sisparensis, has been collected from Silent Valley National Park, Palakkad, Kerala, India. It is morphologically close to the species grouped in cluster 24 by Jeffrey et al., most closely similar to S. griffithii; however, it differs in its habit, leaves, capitula, bracts, ray florets and achene characters. Therefore, this new species is described with a detailed description, phenology and conservation status, along with a photographic plate to facilitate easy identification.
The millipede genus Iulidesmus Silvestri, 1895 in Colombia (Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae, Catharosomatini)
Authors: ROMERO-RINCON JUAN , GOLOVATCH SERGEI I.
Published: February 2024

The paradoxosomatid genus Iulidesmus Silvestri, 1895 in the fauna of Colombia is shown to presently contain nine species. Three of them are still obscure, two of which could be revised based on type (I. alacer (Attems, 1944)) or new material (Orthomorpha proxima Silvestri, 1898), one is a nomen dubium (Strongylosoma glabrum Peters, 1864), while further six are described as new here: Iulidesmus garciae n. sp., I. minerus n. sp., I. florezi n. sp., I. sabaneta n. sp., I. icni n. sp., and I. jeekeli n. sp. A key to all six new species of the genus and their distribution map are provided.
Two new species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) from southeast Brazil reared from seed pods of Inga vera Willd. and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) (Fabaceae)
Authors: OLIVEIRA TAMIRES CAMILA TALAMONTE DE , SÁENZ ERNESTO SAMACÁ , FARIA LUCAS DEL BIANCO , RIVERÓN ALEJANDRO ZALDÍVAR
Published: February 2024

Two new species of Allorhogas (Braconidae: Doryctinae), Al. lavraensis sp. nov and Al. margitae sp. nov., which were reared from seed pods of Fabaceae species, are described from southeast Brazil. Allorhogas lavraensis forms seed galls on Inga vera Willd., whereas Al. margitae predates on seeds of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) without making galls. The latter represents the first report of seed predation by a species of Allorhogas on the genus Anadenanthera.
An account on some katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) from Panti Forest Reserve in Johor, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: TAN MING KAI , MUHAMMAD AMIRA AQILAH , GOROCHOV ANDREI V. , ABDULLAH NURUL ASHIKIN
Published: February 2024

Recent collection in Panti Forest Reserve in Johor, Peninsular Malaysia offered us the opportunity to better understand the species in southern Malay Peninsula. Two new species and one new genus of Meconematini are described here: Cercoteratura reflexa sp. n. and Platycercotura caricauda gen. et sp. n. We present new locality records for Peracca macritchiensis Tan & Ingrisch, 2014, Viriacca viridis Ingrisch, 1998; Lipotactes (Dialipotactes) maculatus Hebard, 1922; Asiophlugis rete Gorochov, 1998; and Arnobia pilipes tropica Gorochov, 1998, all of which were previously recorded in Pahang (Peninsular Malaysia) and Singapore, suggest that the distribution of these species is continuous between Pahang and Singapore. New locality record for Asiophlugis temasek temasek Gorochov & Tan, 2011, previously known only from Singapore, indicates that this subspecies is no longer endemic to Singapore.
A revision of the genus Coryssiphus Simon, 1903, with its transfer to Systariinae (Araneae: Miturgidae)
Authors: BOSSELAERS JAN
Published: February 2024

The genus Coryssiphus Simon, 1903 is redescribed and found to be composed of two species. Coryssiphus unicolor Simon, 1903 is synonymised with C. cinerascens Simon, 1903, being the female of that species. Coryssiphus praeustus Simon, 1903 and C. cinerascens are redescribed and the genus is transferred from Liocranidae to Miturgidae: Systariinae based on a number of somatic and genitalic characters. The peculiar presence of Coryssiphus in Africa is briefly discussed.
3. Los límites a la riqueza en la historia de la filosofía occidental
Authors: Kramm Matthias , Robeyns Ingrid
Published: February 2024

En la filosofía política contemporánea, se ha propuesto recientemente que deberían ponerse límites superiores a la adquisición individual de riqueza. En este artículo, discutimos los argumentos propuestos por escritores canónicos en la historia de la filosofía de la economía y la filosofía política sobre ideas que podrían considerarse prototipos del limitarismo. En las discusiones contemporáneas, se ha hecho una distinción entre el limitarismo intrínseco y no intrínseco, conforme a la cual se ha puesto en duda que el primero pueda justificarse en las sociedades pluralistas actuales. Encontramos tesis o justificaciones protolimitaristas en cuatro ámbitos morales: la psicología moral, el razonamiento moral, la ética de la virtud y la moral política. Mientras que en nuestro contexto actual, la perspectiva de que debería haber límites superiores a la riqueza podría sonar demasiado radical, mostramos que, a lo largo de la historia, muchos filósofos influyentes sostuvieron tesis limitaristas o protolimitaristas, incluyendo muchos argumentos intrínsecos a favor del limitarismo de la riqueza. Concluimos el artículo esbozando las implicaciones de esas perspectivas históricas para las discusiones sistemáticas contemporáneas sobre el limitarismo.
6. Los límites del limitarismo
Authors: Huseby Robert
Published: February 2024

Este capítulo comienza examinando el limitarismo instrumental de Robeyns y argumenta que esta perspectiva no es limitarista como tal, ya que los valores intrínsecos que promueve son defendidos de mejor manera por otros principios instrumentales. Después, se argumenta que es difícil imaginar una versión convincente del limitarismo intrínseco. Esto se debe a que, primero, las posibles versiones del limitarismo intrínseco sugeridas (aunque no respaldadas) por Robeyns realmente descansan sobre otros valores, lo cual relega al limitarismo al ámbito instrumental. Segundo, una versión del limitarismo basada directamente en la (supuesta) maldad de tener demasiado no es convincente. Subsecuentemente, las perspectivas instrumentales (aparte de la de Robeyns) son revisitadas; sin embargo, también se consideran deficientes. Finalmente, el intento de defender una “presunción limitarista” más limitada es evaluado y rechazado.
7. ¿Por qué el limitarismo?
Authors: Robeyns Ingrid
Published: February 2024

Este capítulo responde a la crítica de Robert Huseby de que el limitarismo instrumental no es genuinamente limitarista. Primero, introduzco la distinción entre la filosofía orientada-a-los-problemas frente a la orientada-a-la-teoría, la cual es relevante para evaluar mi trabajo previo sobre el limitarismo. Después, replanteo y refino el limitarismo con base en desarrollos recientes en la literatura. Después argumento que el limitarismo es distinto del igualitarismo, así como del suficientarismo. El limitarismo encaja bien como una parte de una concepción pluralista de la justicia distributiva. Concluyo argumentando que el limitarismo podría desempeñar un papel distintivo tanto en la filosofía política como en la sociedad.
9. Suficiencia, límites y perspectivas de umbrales múltiples
Authors: Hickey Colin
Published: February 2024

En este capítulo, intervengo en un conjunto de debates en la literatura sobre la justicia distributiva para evaluar la relación entre el suficientarismo y el limitarismo. En particular, investigo si los suficientaristas tendrían que (o incluso deben) respaldar una tesis limitarista; similarmente, también investigo si los limitaristas tendrían que (o incluso deben) respaldar una tesis suficientarista. Argumento que los suficientaristas sí tienen muy buenas razones para también adoptar una tesis limitarista, así como los limitaristas para adoptar una tesis suficientarista. Aunque considero algunos argumentos especulativos sobre una conexión conceptual necesaria entre ambas perspectivas, los resultados son más tentativos. Así que, aunque en principio es posible sostener una perspectiva sin sostener la otra, hacerlo es difícil de justificar y no es aconsejable. Concluyo el capítulo sugiriendo algunas razones por las que debería resultarnos menos sorprendente de lo que podríamos pensar el que nuestras teorías más plausibles de la justicia distributiva resulten ser perspectivas “de umbrales múltiples” de cierta estructura, que contengan (al menos) un umbral suficientarista y uno limitarista.
10. Un argumento neorrepublicano a favor del limitarismo
Authors: Icardi Elena
Published: February 2024

En este capítulo, argumento que el limitarismo debería ser defendido dentro del neorrepublicanismo. Esto se debe a que el ideal neorrepublicano de la libertad como no-dominación se ve amenazado por la presencia de los superricos en una democracia. Al poseer muchos más recursos que sus conciudadanos, los superricos disfrutan de un poder político desproporcionado, con lo cual dominan el proceso democrático. Asimismo, las restricciones institucionales formales en lo que respecta a esto sólo funcionan hasta cierto punto limitado. En aras de la no-dominación, por lo tanto, la riqueza individual excesiva debería ser limitada. Argumento que esto puede realizarse mediante un umbral limitarista. Sin embargo, tal umbral debería fijarse allí donde surge el problema mismo. Es decir, no debería limitar la riqueza que las personas no necesitan para florecer plenamente. Más bien, debería limitar la riqueza que permite a las personas dominar la toma pública de decisiones incluso cuando existen barreras formales para evitarlo. Por lo tanto, ofrezco un argumento novedoso a favor del limitarismo desde la perspectiva neorrepublicana.
12. Cambio climático, justicia distributiva y límites “preinstitucionales” a la apropiación de recursos
Authors: Hickey Colin
Published: February 2024

En este artículo, argumento que los individuos están obligados, previo a la existencia de instituciones justas que lo exijan de ellos, a restringir su uso, o compartir los beneficios equitativamente de cualquier uso más allá de sus derechos, de la capacidad de absorción de la Tierra (EAC) de gases de efecto invernadero, como cuestión de justicia distributiva global, dentro de un rango justificable específico. Como parte de la búsqueda de una concepción adecuada de la moralidad climática, abordo esta tarea revisitando e inspirándome en dos argumentos prominentes de la filosofía política clásica para pensar acerca de las normas (derechos, permisos, límites, etc.) con respecto a la apropiación “preinstitucional” de los recursos sin dueño: Locke y Kant, respectivamente. Los recursos básicos que desarrollan—en conexión a normas fundamentales de igualdad y derechos a la autoconservación y libertad—para generar su esquema particular de porciones distributivas previo a la existencia de instituciones justas puede conectarse útil y plausiblemente con el recurso escaso, valioso, rival, no excluible, global y sin dueño que es la EAC, con el fin de fortalecer una imagen de los derechos climáticos individuales en el mundo contemporáneo. Es una imagen que viene acompañada de algunas implicaciones bastante radicales, especialmente para los muy favorecidos.
Japanese Immigration in America: Fleeing Riots, Escaping Imprisonment, and Assimilating
Authors: Nakayama Don K.
Published: February 2024

When 13-year-old Teruichi Nakayama, my grandfather, came to San Francisco from Osaka in 1906, he was assured of an education in a public school by an 1894 treaty between the United States and Japan that gave the latter most-favored-nation status. In 1906, racist mobs forced a decision by the school board to assign 41 school aged Japanese children, including him, to a segregated school for Asian children in violation of the pact. In 1907, he escaped street violence to work as a migrant laborer on inland farms. Settling in the state’s Central Coast, he started a confectionary, the family business he knew from his childhood in Japan. He eked enough money to raise a family with a wife arranged for him in the traditional manner by a go-between in Japan. The school board action opened a diplomatic rift between the 2 countries that never resolved and ended in war in 1941. Just days ahead of the imprisonment of Japanese living in California in 1942, he and his family fled to Colorado, a sanctuary state where he reestablished the confectionery. He faced every misapprehension of the current immigration crisis: racism, unfair labor competition, the impossibility of assimilation, and suspicion of a fifth column. Now 5 generations later, none of the fearful predictions when he first arrived came true. His legacy proves immigration as an essential rejuvenating force in America.
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Second-Generation Antihistamine 1 Receptor Blockers and Japanese Kampo Shoseiryuto for Treating Perennial Allergic Rhinitis in Outpatient Settings in Japan
Authors: Nakagawa Naoto , Kashiwabara Masami , Egawa Kei , Sasaki Ayaka
Published: February 2024

Objectives: Perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) is common in Japan. Second-generation antihistamines (SGAs) are commonly used for its treatment; however, it remains unclear which SGA is the most cost-effective. Additionally, the pharmacoeconomics of Japanese Kampo shoseiryuto (which was traditionally prescribed to treat PAR in Japan) remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of various SGAs and shoseiryuto for the treatment of PAR in Japanese outpatients, from the healthcare payer’s perspective. Methods: The most cost- and clinically effective SGAs were determined from a list of 6 SGAs (bepotastine, 10 mg; cetirizine, 10 mg; ebastine, 10 mg; epinastine, 20 mg; loratadine, 10 mg; and olopatadine, 5 mg) together with shoseiryuto, using the overall improvement rate through a model-based analysis. The time horizon was 28 days. Costs were determined based on the Medical Fee Index in 2020. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to address the uncertainty of the base-case results. Results: Overall, bepotastine (10 mg) and ebastine (10 mg) were cost-effective. Shoseiryuto was less cost-effective than ebastine (10 mg) (dominated). Ebastine (10 mg) was the most cost-effective option based on deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Ebastine (10 mg) was the most cost-effective treatment strategy for PAR among the agents evaluated in this study. This insight could aid in establishing an appropriate formulary for treating PAR in hospitals and communities.
The prevalence and distribution of risk factors for depression and emotional mental disorders in the elderly in Indonesia
Authors: Wardhani Yurika Fauzia , Nantabah Zainul Khaqiqi , Machfutra Eka Denis , Lestyoningrum Sinta Dewi , Oktarina  , Nurjana Made Agus
Published: February 2024

Background:

Depression is a mental health disorder. The prevalence of mental health disorders in the elderly is high.

Aims:

This study was to determine the mental status depression and emotional of the elderly based on their characteristics.

Methods:

This study was a further analysis of Basic Health Research 2018 data. The population was all households from all districts/cities in 33 provinces in Indonesia with a cross-sectional design. The sample was all elderly, with a total sample of 82,304,000 people. The respondents included young elderly (60–69 years), middle elderly (70–79 years), and old elderly (>80 years).

Result:

Depression is experienced by most of elderly aged 60 to 69 years as many as 3,756,384 respondents (59.72%), females as many as 3,885,191 respondents (61.77%), living in urban areas, as many as 3,147,131 respondents (50.03%), graduated from elementary school as many as 2,052,22 respondents (32.63%), not working as many as 3,535,241 respondents (56.21%), and quintile one expenditure level as many as 1,532,358 respondents (24.36%).

Conclusions:

Emotional disorders of depression in elderly are due to the adaptation process to physical and psychosocial changes. Family support is a must to improve elderly’s quality of life on mental health aspects, especially depression. Furthermore, better treatment by medical personnel is required.
Deep-learning-based design of active fault-tolerant control for automated manufacturing systems subjected to faulty sensors
Authors: El-Mahdy Mostafa H , Awad Mohammed I , Maged Shady A
Published: February 2024

This research paper proposes a new implementation of a long short-term memory network for active fault-tolerant control subjected to single and multiple undiagnosable sensor faults. There are two networks used: the first performs as a diagnosis for automated manufacturing systems and can identify faulty sensors, while the second acts as an inverse model of these systems and is used to determine the reconfigured control action to take when sensors are not functioning as expected. The Factory I/O simulator is interfaced with MATLAB to simulate and verify the proposed approach for automated material handling case study with faultless and multiple fault sensors. Four sensors of the case study out of six are tolerated.
Technically in love: Individual differences relating to sexual and platonic relationships with robots
Authors: Leshner Connor E. , Johnson Jessica R.
Published: February 2024

Incremental advancements in technology present researchers with opportunities to examine and predict human behavior before the integration of technology into daily life. Previous studies have identified trends in both the design and reception of current social robotic technologies, including gender biases and social “othering”, which may affect how humans interact with more advanced robotic technologies in the future. The aim of the current study was to explore whether preconceived beliefs about gender inequality, interest in casual sex, and social hierarchies would relate individuals’ interest in engaging in platonic friendships (“robofriendship”) or sexual relationships (“robosexuality”) with hypothetical human-like robots. Two-hundred and twelve participants completed an online survey measuring gender, ambivalent sexism, social dominance orientation, and sociosexual orientation in relation to individuals’ interest in both robofriendship and robosexuality. It was found that hostile sexism positively predicted interest in robosexuality, particularly for men (β = .16, b = .27, 95% CI [.03, .30], t(209) = 2.364, p = .019). Conversely, hostile sexism negatively predicted robofriendship, and significant interactions effects were found in that at lower levels of SDO, women maintained greater interest in robofriendship than men (β = .26, b = .54, 95% CI [.09, .99], t(208) = −2.235, p = .02). The current study provides preliminary evidence to suggest that preconceived beliefs about social hierarchy and gender inequality may impact romantic and platonic interactions between humans and robots. Limitations and future directions are also discussed.
The Johnson-Forest Tendency, radicalising Gunnar Myrdal’s American Dilemma
Authors: Grahn Jonas
Published: February 2024

One of the studies that influenced US policies on race and integration the most after the second world war is Gunnar Myrdal’s An American Dilemma from 1944. At the time of publication, it received much praise from leading intellectuals, including W. E. B. Du Bois and the novelist Richard Wright. In this article, however, the author explores a neglected Marxist critique of Myrdal’s work by Raya Dunayevskaya, who then worked closely with C. L. R. James and Grace Lee Boggs in the Johnson-Forest Tendency (JFT). In addition to criticising Myrdal’s liberal position, the JFT developed a critique of class reductionist Marxists. Hence, this article examines the JFT’s critique of Myrdal’s An American Dilemma as a resource to advance further Marxist debates on the relationship between race and class today.
A closed-form analytical variational approach to thermally induced thin-film delamination
Authors: Rheinschmidt Florian , Felger Julian , Rosendahl Philipp Laurens
Published: February 2024

Thin polymeric films applied on stiff substrates are prone to delamination upon thermal loading. Different thermal expansion coefficients and different elastic properties can cause localized stress concentrations in the interface between applied layer and substrate. The present work proposes a variational approach to compute residual stresses and strains within the film. Using finite element calculations, it is shown that the presented closed-form analytical solution provides accurate interfacial stresses. Employing a critical distances failure criterion, these stresses are used to predict thermally induced crack nucleation. The proposed model is validated using experimental data of thermally loaded epoxy–glass specimens. It is in good agreement with the test data and provides predictions for thin-film delamination.
Optimization research on dynamic behavior for mechanism with clearance joint and wear
Authors: Gao Shun , Fan Shouwen , Fan Shuai
Published: February 2024

This paper proposes a new optimization method by immune algorithm to reduce the impact of clearance joint and wear on the dynamics of mechanisms. Firstly, the dynamic model of crank-slider mechanism is built by Lagrange principle, and the wear phenomenon of clearance joint is characterized by Archard model. Then, the motion function reliability model of mechanism is presented by Stress-Strength interference (SSI) theory. Secondly, the optimization model of mechanism is derived and the surrogate model of the maximum contact force of clearance joint is indicated by response surface method (RSM), the immune algorithm is used to find the optimal solution of the surrogate model. Finally, the impact of wear and optimization on dynamic behavior, nonlinear dynamics, and motion function reliability of mechanism is investigated. The results show that wear clearance joint seriously affects the performance of mechanism. After optimization, the dynamic behavior and nonlinear dynamics of mechanism are improved, and the motion function reliability of mechanism is increased. This paper raises foundation for predicting the performance of mechanisms considering wear clearance joint, and provides theoretical guidance for optimization design and fault diagnosis of mechanisms.
Robust trajectory tracking of a 3-DOF robotic arm using a Super-Twisting Fast finite time Non-singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control in the presence of perturbations
Authors: Alizadeh Mousa , Samaei Mohammad Hossein , Vahid Estakhri Mahdi , Momeni Hamidreza , Beheshti Mohammad TH
Published: February 2024

Extensive research has focused on enhancing the efficiency and stability of robotic arms. Sliding mode control (SMC) is commonly used in industrial robots due to its robustness and simplicity. However, SMC approaches have challenges such as chattering and slow convergence rates which can compromise tracking accuracy. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel Super-Twisting Fast Non-singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control (ST-FNTSMC) strategy for a 3-DOF arm robot. The proposed approach significantly improves trajectory tracking accuracy, robustness, and convergence time and eliminates chattering. The proposed controller was tested in the presence of model mismatches and external disturbances. The super-twisting methodology avoided chattering effects and increased robustness against perturbations. Two Lyapunov functions ensure closed system stability and finite-time convergence. The designed ST-FNTSMC controller is implemented in real-time using a Smart Man Robot manipulator. Its performance is compared to other sliding mode controllers, such as conventional PID Sliding Mode Control (PID-SMC), Non-singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control (NTSMC), and Fast Non-singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control (FNTSMC). Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed controller, highlighting its effectiveness in improving the efficiency and stability of industrial robots.
From Screens to Sunshine: Rescuing Children’s Outdoor Playtime in the Digital Era
Authors: Charan Gopal Singh , Kalia Raman , Khurana Mandeep Singh , Narang Gursharan Singh
Published: February 2024

In today’s digital era, the decline in children’s outdoor playtime with excessive screen usage has raised concerns about their long-term physical health, mental well-being and overall development. This article highlights the importance of prioritizing and promoting outdoor play to ensure a balanced childhood experience. The decline in outdoor play can be attributed to factors such as increased technology usage, academic pressures, safety concerns and changing societal attitudes. However, outdoor play is crucial for children’s holistic development as it contributes to improved physical health, cognitive stimulation, social interaction and emotional well-being. The decline in outdoor play and excessive screen time has been associated with various health issues, including mental health problems, disrupted sleep patterns, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-like behavior and physical health risks. To reclaim outdoor playtime, practical strategies are proposed. These include reevaluating priorities to strike a balance between technology usage and outdoor activities, promoting nature education in schools, creating safe outdoor spaces, encouraging parental involvement, addressing safety concerns, limiting screen time, nurturing environmental stewardship, fostering collaboration between schools and communities and advocating for supportive policies. By implementing these strategies and shifting cultural norms, we can provide children with a healthier and more well-rounded childhood experience, supporting their overall well-being and development in the digital era.
Selfie Syndrome: A Study of Selfitis and Narcissism Among Young Adults
Authors: Puthiyakath Hashim H. , Anjali R  , Angel Shiny , Goswami Manash P.
Published: February 2024

The study explores the selfie-taking behavioural pattern and the relationship between selfitis (obsessive–compulsive desire to take selfies and post them on social media) and narcissism. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among young Indian social media users aged between 18 and 30 years selected through referral sampling technique. The Selfitis Behaviour Scale was used to measure the level of selfitis, and the NPI-16 scale to measure narcissism. The study observed that taking selfies and posting them on social media is common among young social media users. Narcissism was found to be strongly correlated with selfitis and its six dimensions, indicating that people who exhibit narcissistic qualities are more likely to engage in excessive selfie behaviour. As SBS is a newly developed and not widely used scale, the study also assessed the validity and reliability of the scale. The results showed that the scale has excellent internal consistency and satisfactory convergent validity, and discriminant validity.
Are sesamoids and proximal phalanx of metatarsus primus varus deformity of hallux valgus feet displaced? A radiological study
Authors: Wu Daniel Yiang , Lam Eddy Kwok Fai
Published: February 2024

Background

The hallux valgus deformity is made up of misaligned first metatarsal, hallux, and sesamoids. Their angular deformities are well-studied, but not their positional displacements. A few available reports claimed the proximal end of the proximal phalanx and sesamoids were not shifted medially along with the first metatarsal head. However, the general observation is otherwise. This study revisits the issue.

Methods

A radiological study of 189 feet with and without the hallux valgus deformity was carried out to analyze the first metatarsal, hallux, and sesamoid positional changes in relation to the second metatarsal and among themselves. A total of 194 X-ray images with all relevant measurements that formed the raw database for this study were submitted for online viewing and reference.

Results

There was a statistically significant change in the first metatarsal, hallux, and sesamoid positions of feet with hallux valgus deformity compared to normal feet. All have migrated medially but to different degrees. It was contrary to the past findings of no change in sesamoid and hallux positions.

Conclusions

We agree with past findings that the metatarsus primus varus deformity is directly related to the failed medial metatarsosesamoid ligament. We also believe in the failure of the deep 1-2 transverse metatarsal ligament responsible for the sesamoid migration.