bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from northwest of Iran during COVID-19 era
Authors: Kashi Peyvand , Pakdel Farzaneh , Barhaghi Mohammad Hossein Soroush , Rezaee Mohammad Ahangarzadeh , Taghizadeh Sepehr , Sadeghi Javid , Yousefi Mehdi , Ghotaslou Reza , Asgharzadeh Mohammad , Gholizadeh Pourya , Kafil Hossein Samadi
Published: January 2023

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is considered one of the most infectious diseases in the world. In this study, we intended to examine the epidemiology of tuberculosis by MIRU-VNTR to define the changes that occur in the transmission of tuberculosis in the region during the COVID-19 era. A total of 120 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were collected from sputum samples of patients referred to East Azerbaijan Center TB from December 2020 to August 2021. Demographic information such as age, sex, place of birth, previous TB history, and relevant medical data was collected. The proportion method was performed for drug susceptibility testing, and the PCR-based MIRU-VNTR method was applied to identify molecular epidemiology relationships.

Results

The isolates were collected from 78 male (65%) and 39 female (32.5%) Iranian patients and 3 (2.5%) Azerbaijani patients. Ninety-three distinct patterns were identified including 15 clustered patterns and 36 unique patterns. The largest cluster was composed of seven isolates. Furthermore, one cluster with 5 members, four clusters with 3 members, and nine clusters with 2 members. In MIRU-VNTR typing, 75 clusters belonged to the Tabriz region and just 3 to the Republic of Azerbaijan. All isolates were sensitive to rifampin, isoniazid, and ethambutol.

Conclusions

Results of the current study showed COVID-19 pandemic had a direct effect on the transmission and diagnosis of tuberculosis. Less diagnosis and less clustering can indicate public controls and hygiene, and the use of masks had a direct effect on the transmission and diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, misidentification and less focus on other respiratory infections are expected during the pandemic. Studies on the co-infection of COVID-19 and tuberculosis and the role of mask and sanitization against TB are strongly recommended.
Visceral and subcutaneous fat, muscle mass, and liver volume as noninvasive predictors of the progress of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Mahmoud Omar M. , Mahmoud Gehad Abd Elaziz , Atta Haisam , Abbas Wael A. , Ahmed Hanan M. , Abozaid Mohamed A. A.
Published: January 2023

Background

The term “non-alcoholic fatty liver disease” (NAFLD) refers to a range of disorders caused by lipid accumulation in the liver. High abdominal fat levels can cause adipocytes to become more lipolytic, releasing free fatty acids into the portal venous system. In this study, we aimed to use the analysis of visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, muscle mass, and liver volume to evaluate the severity of fatty liver in NAFLD.

Results

This study enrolled 130 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The mean age of studied patients was 51.38 ± 11.11 years, ranging between 25 and 65 years. Of the studied patients, 60 (46.2%) patients were males and 70 (53.8%) were females. The mean body mass index was 41.23 ± 7.83 (kg/m2). Based on the radiological assessment of those patients, patients with grade III fatty liver had significantly higher total fat volume, visceral fat volume, subcutaneous fat volume, fat rate in the body, visceral fat volume rate, psoas muscle volume, and psoas muscle ratio in comparison with those with grade I and grade II fatty liver. Liver enzymes significantly correlated with total fat volume, visceral fat volume rate, psoas muscle volume, psoas muscle ratio, and liver volume.

Conclusions

The degree of fatty liver severity among patients with NAFLD was positively correlated with the amount of subcutaneous, visceral fat, and muscle mass. Also, both liver transaminases had a significant positive correlation with the amount of total and visceral fat, psoas muscle mass, and liver volume.
Mobilising Implementation of i-PARIHS (Mi-PARIHS): development of a facilitation planning tool to accompany the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework
Authors: Hunter Sarah C. , Kim Bo , Kitson Alison L.
Published: January 2023

Background

Facilitation makes the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework a popular framework in the field of implementation science. Facilitation allows for flexible application of the i-PARIHS framework by encouraging the iterative tailoring of implementation strategies to a dynamic context. However, successfully harnessing this flexibility can be challenging to navigate, particularly for novice facilitators. Therefore, to support and promote more widespread use of the i-PARIHS framework, and to make it easier for people who are already using i-PARIHS, we have undertaken the Mi-PARIHS Project—Mobilising Implementation of i-PARIHS, focused on developing a suite of practical and pragmatic i-PARIHS resources.

Methods

Through a co-design approach drawing on end-users’ experiences, we developed the Mi-PARIHS Facilitation Planning Tool, and this article reports on the final end-user feedback via an online survey.

Results

A total of 58 participants completed the online survey. The survey focused on participants’ previous experiences with i-PARIHS, their feedback on the background information provided with the Mi-PARIHS Tool, and their feedback on the tool itself (e.g. clarity, use, satisfaction, improvements). This feedback resulted in the development of a comprehensive 34-item Mi-PARIHS Facilitation Planning Tool that supports i-PARIHS users in their (1) assessment of the i-PARIHS framework’s innovation, context, and recipient constructs; (2) development of a tailored facilitation plan; and (3) repeated use over time to evaluate the effectiveness of facilitation strategies.

Conclusions

The Mi-PARIHS Facilitation Planning Tool makes framework-guided implementation more accessible and reliable to a wider range of systems and stakeholders, thereby contributing to more consistent implementation of evidence-based practices and other innovations. It addresses the challenge of systematically assessing core constructs of the i-PARIHS framework to develop tailored facilitation strategies. The Mi-PARIHS Facilitation Planning Tool is freely available for use at the website https://www.flinders.edu.au/caring-futures-institute/Mi-PARIHS-tool.
Modulatory effect of ginger on skeletal malformations, cell cycle, apoptosis and structural changes in the liver of rat fetuses prenatally exposed to labetalol
Authors: El-Borm Hend T. , Gobara Marwa S. , Badawy Gamal M.
Published: January 2023

Background

Drug-induced liver damage with clinical symptoms has been related to labetalol in a number of instances. In addition to having a wide range of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities, ginger also includes biotrace that are crucial in the fight against disease and skeletal deformity. In this study, we hypothesized that prenatal supplementation of ginger (200 mg/kg) attenuates skeletal malformation and hepatotoxicity mediated by labetalol during the organogenesis period. The tested dams were divided into four groups: control, ginger (200 mg/kg), labetalol (300 mg/kg) and combined group (labetalol and ginger at the same doses).

Results

The labetalol group showed various skeletal abnormalities represented by mandibular hypoplasia, costal separation and retardation in the ossification. Histological and ultrastructural examination of the fetal liver tissue revealed multiple pathological changes. DNA damage, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and a high percentage of apoptosis were also detected in the fetal hepatocytes from labetalol groups through gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry using PI and annexin V/PI methods, respectively. Administration of ginger after labetalol caused an evident decrease in these skeletal malformations, structural changes, DNA damage, apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.

Conclusions

It can be concluded that ginger has great potential in attenuating the skeletal malformation, structural changes and cyto-genotoxicity of fetal hepatocytes upon prenatal exposure to labetalol.
Persistent urogenital sinus with recto-vaginal fistula: the new variant in which the anus is normally positioned and literature review
Authors: Zeytun Hikmet , Demez Ahmet , Ozokutan Bulent Hayri
Published: January 2023

Background

Persistent urogenital sinus is a rare cloacal anomaly in which the urinary and genital tracts cannot be differentiated during embryonic development. However, the presence of concomitant recto-urogenital sinus or recto-vaginal fistula is much rarer. In the literature, only two cases with accompanying fistula have been presented so far.

Case presentation

We present the diagnosis and treatment management of a persistent urogenital sinus case with recto-vaginal fistula. We also aimed to reveal the difference between our patient, who is the 3rd case in the literature, and the other two and the described cloacal anomalies. By performing total urogenital sinus mobilization and fistula repair, the three systems were separated from each other, and both a functional and cosmetic appearance was obtained.

Conclusion

It should be kept in mind that there may be different variants other than the defined cloacal malformations. In patients with cloacal malformation, cystoscopy and rectoscopy should be performed to reveal the anatomy before reconstructive surgery in order to avoid any unexpected situation.
CO-RADS score and its correlation with clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Elnaggar Marwa Elsayed , Rawy Abeer Mohamed , El-Melouk Marwa Seif , Al-Tabbakh Al-Shaimaa Mahmoud , Abdel-Khalik Hamasat Abdel-hafeez , Abdelkhalek Eman Fathy , Elsawy Rehab Elsayed
Published: January 2023

Background

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection and serological antibody tests give a proof of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Several variables can influence the consequences of these tests. Inflammatory markers among mild and severe patients of COVID-19 showed dissimilarity in inflammatory markers while computed tomography (CT) in patients infected with COVID-19 used to evaluate infection severity. The aim of this study is to investigate the application of the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) classification in COVID-19 patients and its relation to clinical and laboratory finding.

Results

One hundred patients suspected to have COVID-19 infection were involved. Their age was 49.6 ± 14.7. Fever and cough were the frequent presenting symptoms. Patients with positive PCR were significantly associated with dyspnea and higher inflammatory markers. Lymphopenia had sensitivity of 63.6% and specificity of 91.7%. Combination of PCR and lymphopenia increased both sensitivity and specificity. CT findings in relation to PCR showed sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 25%. CO-RADS score showed positive correlation with age and inflammatory biomarkers and negative correlation with absolute lymphocyte count (ALC).

Conclusions

CT finding was more prominent in older patients with COVID-19 and associated with higher inflammatory biomarkers and lower ALC which were correlated with CO-RADS score. Patients with positive PCR had more symptoms and inflammatory marker. Combination of PCR with either lymphopenia or CT finding had more sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in diagnosis
The impact of patient involvement on participant opinions of information sheets
Authors: Hudson Georgie , Jansli Sonja M. , Morris Daniel , Wykes Til , Jilka Sagar
Published: January 2023

Background

Patient and public involvement (PPI) groups can provide valuable input to create more accessible study documents with less jargon. However, we don't know whether this procedure improves accessibility for potential participants.

Aims

We assessed whether participant information sheets were rated as more accessible after PPI review and which aspects of information sheets and study design were important to mental health patients compared with a control group with no mental health service use.

Method

This was a double-blind quasi-experimental study using a mixed-methods explanatory design. Patients and control participants quantitatively rated pre- and post-review documents. Semi-structured interviews were thematically analysed to gain qualitative feedback on opinions of information sheets and studies. Two-way multivariate analysis of variance was used to detect differences in ratings between pre- and post-review documents.

Results

We found no significant (P < 0.05) improvements in patient (n = 15) or control group (n = 21) ratings after PPI review. Patients and controls both rated PPI as of low importance in studies and considered the study rationale as most important. However, PPI was often misunderstood, with participants believing that it meant lay patients would take over the design and administration of the study. Qualitative findings highlight the importance of clear, friendly and visually appealing information sheets.

Conclusions

Researchers should be aware of what participants want to know about so they can create information sheets addressing these priorities, for example, explaining why the research is necessary. PPI is poorly understood by the wider population and efforts must be made to increase diversity in participation.
Assessment of beliefs and attitudes about electroconvulsive therapy posted on Twitter: An observational study
Authors: de Anta L. , Alvarez-Mon M. A. , Donat-Vargas C. , Lara-Abelanda F. J. , Pereira-Sanchez V. , Gonzalez Rodriguez C. , Mora F. , Ortega M. A. , Quintero J. , Alvarez-Mon M.
Published: January 2023

Background

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective and safe medical procedure that mainly indicated for depression, but is also indicated for patients with other conditions. However, ECT is among the most stigmatized and controversial treatments in medicine. Our objective was to examine social media contents on Twitter related to ECT to identify and evaluate public views on the matter.

Methods

We collected Twitter posts in English and Spanish mentioning ECT between January 1, 2019 and October 31, 2020. Identified tweets were subject to a mixed method quantitative–qualitative content and sentiment analysis combining manual and semi-supervised natural language processing machine-learning analyses. Such analyses identified the distribution of tweets, their public interest (retweets and likes per tweet), and sentiment for the observed different categories of Twitter users and contents.

Results

“Healthcare providers” users produced more tweets (25%) than “people with lived experience” and their “relatives” (including family members and close friends or acquaintances) (10% combined), and were the main publishers of “medical” content (mostly related to ECT’s main indications). However, more than half of the total tweets had “joke or trivializing” contents, and such had a higher like and retweet ratio. Among those tweets manifesting personal opinions on ECT, around 75% of them had a negative sentiment.

Conclusions

Mixed method analysis of social media contents on Twitter offers a novel perspective to examine public opinion on ECT, and our results show attitudes more negative than those reflected in studies using surveys and other traditional methods.
Advancing Survivors Knowledge (ASK Study) of Skin Cancer Surveillance After Childhood Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Geller Alan C. , Coroiu Adina , Keske Robyn R. , Haneuse Sebastien , Davine Jessica A. , Emmons Karen M. , Daniel Casey L. , Gibson Todd M. , McDonald Aaron J. , Robison Leslie L. , Mertens Ann C. , Elkin Elena B. , Marghoob Ashfaq , Armstrong Gregory T.
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

To improve skin cancer screening among survivors of childhood cancer treated with radiotherapy where skin cancers make up 58% of all subsequent neoplasms. Less than 30% of survivors currently complete recommended skin cancer screening.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

This randomized controlled comparative effectiveness trial evaluated patient and provider activation (PAE + MD) and patient and provider activation with teledermoscopy (PAE + MD + TD) compared with patient activation alone (PAE), which included print materials, text messaging, and a website on skin cancer risk factors and screening behaviors. Seven hundred twenty-eight participants from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (median age at baseline 44 years), age > 18 years, treated with radiotherapy as children, and without previous history of skin cancer were randomly assigned (1:1:1). Primary outcomes included receiving a physician skin examination at 12 months and conducting a skin self-examination at 18 months after intervention.

RESULTS

Rates of physician skin examinations increased significantly from baseline to 12 months in all three intervention groups: PAE, 24%-39%, relative risk [RR], 1.65, 95% CI, 1.32 to 2.08; PAE + MD, 24% to 39%, RR, 1.56, 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.97; PAE + MD + TD, 24% to 46%, RR, 1.89, 95% CI, 1.51 to 2.37. The increase in rates did not differ between groups ( P = .49). Similarly, rates of skin self-examinations increased significantly from baseline to 18 months in all three groups: PAE, 29% to 50%, RR, 1.75, 95% CI, 1.42 to 2.16; PAE + MD, 31% to 58%, RR, 1.85, 95% CI, 1.52 to 2.26; PAE + MD + TD, 29% to 58%, RR, 1.95, 95% CI, 1.59 to 2.40, but the increase in rates did not differ between groups ( P = .43).

CONCLUSION

Although skin cancer screening rates increased more than 1.5-fold in each of the intervention groups, there were no differences between groups. Any of these interventions, if implemented, could improve skin cancer prevention behaviors among childhood cancer survivors.
Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab in Localized Microsatellite Instability High/Deficient Mismatch Repair Solid Tumors
Authors: Ludford Kaysia , Ho Won Jin , Thomas Jane V. , Raghav Kanwal P.S. , Murphy Mariela Blum , Fleming Nicole D. , Lee Michael S. , Smaglo Brandon G. , You Y. Nancy , Tillman Matthew M. , Kamiya-Matsuoka Carlos , Thirumurthi Selvi , Messick Craig , Johnson Benny , Vilar Eduardo , Dasari Arvind , Shin Sarah , Hernandez Alexei , Yuan Xuan , Yang Hongqui , Foo Wai Chin , Qiao Wei , Maru Dipen , Kopetz Scott , Overman Michael J.
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

Pembrolizumab significantly improves clinical outcomes in advanced/metastatic microsatellite instability high (MSI-H)/deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) solid tumors but is not well studied in the neoadjuvant space.

METHODS

This is a phase II open-label, single-center trial of localized unresectable or high-risk resectable MSI-H/dMMR tumors. Treatment is pembrolizumab 200 mg once every 3 weeks for 6 months followed by surgical resection with an option to continue therapy for 1 year followed by observation. To continue on study, patients are required to have radiographic or clinical benefit. The coprimary end points are safety and pathologic complete response. Key secondary end points are response rate and organ-sparing at one year for patients who declined surgery. Exploratory analyses include interrogation of the tumor immune microenvironment using imaging mass cytometry.

RESULTS

A total of 35 patients were enrolled, including 27 patients with colorectal cancer and eight patients with noncolorectal cancer. Among 33 evaluable patients, best overall response rate was 82%. Among 17 (49%) patients who underwent surgery, the pathologic complete response rate was 65%. Ten patients elected to receive one year of pembrolizumab followed by surveillance without surgical resection (median follow-up of 23 weeks [range, 0-54 weeks]). An additional eight did not undergo surgical resection and received less than 1 year of pembrolizumab. During the study course of the trial and subsequent follow-up, progression events were seen in six patients (four of whom underwent salvage surgery). There were no new safety signals. Spatial immune profiling with imaging mass cytometry noted a significantly closer proximity between granulocytic cells and cytotoxic T cells in patients with progressive events compared with those without progression.

CONCLUSION

Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab in dMMR/MSI-H cancers is safe and resulted in high rates of pathologic, radiographic, and endoscopic response, which has implications for organ-sparing strategies.
Internet-Based Germline Genetic Testing for Men With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Cheng Heather H. , Sokolova Alexandra O. , Gulati Roman , Bowen Deborah , Knerr Sarah A. , Klemfuss Nola , Grivas Petros , Hsieh Andrew C. , Lee John K. , Schweizer Michael T. , Yezefski Todd , Zhou Alicia , Yu Evan Y. , Nelson Peter S. , Montgomery Bruce
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

Germline mutations in DNA repair genes are present in approximately 10% of men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC), and guidelines recommend genetic germline testing. Notable barriers exist, including access to genetic counseling, insurance coverage, and out-of-pocket costs. The GENTleMEN study was designed to determine the feasibility of an Internet-based, patient-driven germline genetic testing approach for men with mPC.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this prospective cohort study, men with mPC provided informed consent via an Internet-based platform and completed a questionnaire including demographics and family cancer history. Supporting medical data were also collected. Genetic testing was performed using the Color Genomics 30-gene targeted panel of cancer predisposition genes on a mailed saliva sample. Men whose test results identified a germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant received results by phone or telehealth genetic counseling; other participants received results by email with an option for phone-based or telehealth genetic counseling.

RESULTS

As of August 18, 2021, 816 eligible men were consented, of whom 68% (551) completed genetic testing, and 8.7% (48 of 551) were found to carry a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in a germline DNA repair gene: CHEK2 (17), BRCA2 (15), ATM (6), NBN1 (3), BRCA1 (2), PALB2 (2), PMS2 (2), and MSH6 (1). Participants were more likely to complete the testing process if they were non-Hispanic White, married, highly educated, or from a higher-income bracket.

CONCLUSION

Here, we show the feasibility of delivering germline (inherited) genetic testing by a voluntary, patient-driven, Internet-based platform to men with mPC. Preliminary results show rates of germline DNA repair mutations, consistent with other cohorts. Although feasible for some, reduced steps for participation, more dedicated diverse outreach and participant support, and identification and addressing of additional barriers is needed to ensure equitable access and optimization.
Energy Expenditure Under General Anesthesia: An Observational Study Using Indirect Calorimetry in Patients Having Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Briesenick Luisa , Schaade Annika , Bergholz Alina , Hoppe Phillip , Kouz Karim , Krause Linda , Flick Moritz , Saugel Bernd
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Perioperative hemodynamic management aims to optimize organ perfusion pressure and blood flow—assuming this ensures that oxygen delivery meets cellular metabolic needs. Cellular metabolic needs are reflected by energy expenditure. A better understanding of energy expenditure under general anesthesia could help tailor perioperative hemodynamic management to actual demands. We thus sought to assess energy expenditure under general anesthesia. Our primary hypothesis was that energy expenditure under general anesthesia is lower than preoperative awake resting energy expenditure.

METHODS:

We conducted an observational study on patients having elective noncardiac surgery at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (Germany) between September 2019 and March 2020. We assessed preoperative awake resting energy expenditure, energy expenditure under general anesthesia, and energy expenditure after surgery using indirect calorimetry. We compared energy expenditure under general anesthesia at incision to preoperative awake resting energy expenditure using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired measurements.

RESULTS:

We analyzed 60 patients. Median (95% confidence interval [CI]) preoperative awake resting energy expenditure was 953 (95% CI, 906–962) kcal d–1 m–2. Median energy expenditure under general anesthesia was 680 (95% CI, 642–711) kcal d–1 m–2—and thus 263 (95% CI, 223–307) kcal d–1 m–2 or 27% (95% CI, 23%–30%) lower than preoperative awake resting energy expenditure (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Median energy expenditure under general anesthesia is about one-quarter lower than preoperative awake resting energy expenditure in patients having noncardiac surgery.
How Do You Translate Compaña?
Authors: Salas Rivera Raquel
Published: January 2023

Working as principal investigator and head of the translation team for El proyecto de la literatura puertorriqueña / the Puerto Rican Literature Project (PRLP)—a free, bilingual, user-friendly, and open access digital portal that anyone can use to learn about and teach Puerto Rican poetry—has provided the author with insight about the colonial conditions that structure translation as word-making practice, survival strategy, and decolonial methodology. In collaborating with Puerto Rican writers, translators, investigators, and scholars and sustaining a dialogue with a long history of personal and collective archival work, the author has at times found, in collaboration with literary peers, that Puerto Ricans often act as self-translators, archivists, and historians, while navigating the conditional visibility and general invisibilization of their modes of speech, their literatures, and their lives.
Pushed into Consciousness
Authors: Wallace Belinda Deneen
Published: January 2023

This essay reflects on Laurie Lambert’s study Comrade Sister: Caribbean Feminist Revisions of the Grenada Revolution (2020), which investigates contemporary Caribbean literary reimaginings of the Grenadian Revolution and makes visible how that history impacts Grenada today. Comrade Sister asks readers to wrestle with historical ghosts and uncomfortable truths that undergird liberation movements, including Grenada’s. For Lambert, those ghosts manifest as ancestral knowledge. This essay explores ancestral knowledge as an ontological project that, at its core, is concerned with pushing-into-consciousness revolutionary narratives that have been forgotten, hidden, or overlooked because they were produced outside of or do not align with revolutionary rhetoric and official accounts. By retrieving what has been lost, ancestral knowledge demonstrates how revolutionary tales can be told another way and, thus, how revolutions can be enacted differently.
Reading Luisa Capetillo
Authors: Bird-Soto Nancy
Published: January 2023

“Nonconformist” is one of several ways to describe Puerto Rican feminist Luisa Capetillo (1882–1922). As a transnational figure who synthesizes a unique fusion of diverse influences such as anarchism, spiritism, and syndicalism, Capetillo presents a distinctive reader-writer persona as well. This essay explores how reading Capetillo invites one to listen to her like the workers at the tobacco factories where she was a lectora would. It focuses on Capetillo’s first essays—published in Ensayos libertarios (1907) and La humanidad en el futuro (1910)—in which she conveys an urgency for getting her message across in order to actively resist colonialist paradigms of exploitation.
Luisa Capetillo and the Pedagogy of Unruliness
Authors: Rosa Luis Othoniel
Published: January 2023

This essay studies how the writings and praxis of loud-reading in tobacco factories of the Puerto Rican anarcha-feminist Luisa Capetillo (1882–1922) exemplifies what can be called a “pedagogy of unruliness.” This hypothesis is that unruliness is a teachable form of knowledge irreducible to the modern conceptualization of “power/knowledge.” The essay examines how in Capetillo’s writings knowledge, intelligence, and literature become something else through a pedagogical praxis, a “stealing” of knowledge from the institutions of power. It compares Capetillo’s praxis with the theoretical texts of Paulo Freire, Ángel Rama, Ivan Illich, and Jacques Ranciere. It also supports work on the increasing bibliography about Capetillo’s literary and political innovations.
SKOR1 mediates FER kinase-dependent invasive growth of breast cancer cells
Authors: Sluimer Lilian M. , Bullock Esme , Rätze Max A. K. , Enserink Lotte , Overbeeke Celine , Hornsveld Marten , Brunton Valerie G. , Derksen Patrick W. B. , Tavares Sandra
Published: January 2023

High expression of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase FER is an independent prognostic factor that correlates with poor survival in breast cancer patients. To investigate whether the kinase activity of FER is essential for its oncogenic properties, we developed an ATP analogue-sensitive knock-in allele (FERASKI). Specific FER kinase inhibition in MDA-MB-231 cells reduces migration and invasion, as well as metastasis when xenografted into a mouse model of breast cancer. Using the FERASKI system, we identified Ski family transcriptional corepressor 1 (SKOR1) as a direct FER kinase substrate. SKOR1 loss phenocopies FER inhibition, leading to impaired proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibition of breast cancer growth and metastasis formation in mice. We show that SKOR1 Y234, a candidate FER phosphorylation site, is essential for FER-dependent tumor progression. Finally, our work suggests that the SKOR1 Y234 residue promotes Smad2/3 signaling through SKOR1 binding to Smad3. Our study thus identifies SKOR1 as a mediator of FER-dependent progression of high-risk breast cancers.
Διερεύνηση Γνώσεων και Στάσεων των εθελοντών ΜΚΟ σε σχέση με την φροντίδα ατόμων διαφορετικής πολιτισμικής προέλευσης
Authors: Χατζηελευθερίου Ιωάννα
Published: January 2023

Εισαγωγή: Το ανθρώπινο δυναμικό ως η «ραχοκοκαλιά» του Εθελοντισμού όλων των μηΚυβερνητικών οργανώσεων είναι οι ίδιοι οι εθελοντές, οι οποίοι αναπληρώνουν τις ανάγκες πουδεν καλύπτουν οι δημόσιοι και ιδιωτικοί φορείς προσφέροντας οικοιθελώς και αφιλοκερδώς τιςυπηρεσίες τους σε ασθενείς σε ένα κρίσημο ή μη σημείο της ζώης τους όπως είναι η αναγκή γιαπαροχή φροντίδας.Σκοπός: Να διερευνυθούν οι γνώσεις και οι στάσεις των εθελοντών Μ.Κ.Ο σε σχέση με τηφροντίδα που παρέχουν σε άτομα διαφορετικής κουλτούρας και διαφορετικής πολιτισμικήςπροέλευσης.Μεθοδολογία:Πραγματοποιήθηκε συγχρονική περιγραφική μελέτη με δειγματοληψία ευκολίας. Τοδείγμα της μελέτης αποτέλεσαν 437εθελοντές M.K.O. Η συλλογή των δεδομένων έγινε με ανώνυμοαυτοσυμπληρούμενο ερωτηματολόγιο και διήρκεσε από τον Ιανουάριοέως τον Μάιο του 2020.Εξασφαλίστηκε η άδεια πρόσβασης και η ενημερωμένη συγκατάθεση των εθελοντών. Για τηνανάλυση χρησιμοποιήθηκε το στατιστικό πρόγραμμα SPSS 22.0. Το επίπεδο σημαντικότηταςτέθηκε ως αμφίπλευρο στο 0,05.Αποτελέσματα: Η τιμή του κριτηρίου KMO ήταν 0,96, η οποία ήταν άνω του αποδεκτού ορίου(0,6), όπου και αποτέλεσε επαρκές δείγμα για παραγοντική ανάλυση. Το κριτήριο του Bartlett ωςπαράγοντας (p<0,001), υπήρξε σημαντικός διότι ανάμεσα στις ερωτήσεις, υποστηρίζει τηνκαταλληλότητα των δεδομένων για την πορεία της παραγοντικής ανάλυσης.162Η πλειονότητα των συμμετεχόντων ήταν γυναίκες (63,5 %), απο αυτές το 34,8 % ήταν μεταξύ 31-40 ετών. Το 45,3 % εργαζόταν κατά μέσο όρο 1-3 φορές το χρόνο στην Μ.Κ.Ο και από αυτούς οιπερισσότεροι αξιολογούσαν θετικά αυτήν την εμπειρία τους. Το 33,6 % των συμμετεχόντωνδήλωσαν πολύ καταρτισμένοι για την παροχή εκπαίδευσης και συμβουλευτικής με τρόπο που νασέβεται τόσο την πολιτισμική ταυτότητα των ατόμων όσο και την διαχείριση των ηθικώνσυγκρούσεων που προκύπτουν από τη διαπολιτισμική φροντίδα υγείας,με το επίπεδο γνώσεων ναείναι μέτριο. Τέλος, το 63,8 % συμφωνούσε ότι υπάρχει προκατάληψη από τους επαγγελματίεςυγείας απέναντι σε ασθενείς διαφορετικής εθνικής ομάδας.Συμπεράσματα:Οι διαπολιτισμικές διαφορές ως προς την αντίληψη και έκφραση της φροντίδας,αλλά και οι διαπολιτισμικοί παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν την παροχή της, θα πρέπει ναλαμβάνονται σοβαρά υπόψη καθώς αποτελούν μια πραγματικότητα με την οποία όλοι οι εθελοντέςθα βρεθούν αντιμέτωποι κατά τη διάρκεια της εθελοντικής τους σταδιοδρομίας. Οι εθελοντές μέσωτης διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης θα πρέπει να αποκτήσουν πολιτισμική ικανότητα για να μπορούννα παρέχουν πιο ολοκληρωμένη φροντίδα στα πολυπολιτισμικά περιβάλλοντα τα οποία εργάζονται.Λέξεις κλειδιά: Εθελοντισμός, Μ.Κ.Ο, γνώσεις, στάσεις, πολιτισμική διαφορετικότητα.
Sociological Perspectives of Migrant Health Disparities and Access to Healthcare Services during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic: Voices of Immigrant and Refugee Women in Greece
Authors: Fouskas Theodoros
Published: January 2023

As the COVID-19 pandemic, as grew into a global health crisis, it created perilous and uncertain situations for vulnerable groups such as migrants, asylum seekers and refugees in the context of measures restricting mobility, social, economic, and educational life. This article, using the fields Sociology of Migration and Sociology of Health, focuses on female immigrants and refugees and their health and access to healthcare services in Greece. According to the results of in-depth interviews, based on the findings of two research projects carried out between 2020-2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic: “Voices of Immigrant Women” (VIW) project (Erasmus+ 2020-1-ES01-KA203-082364) (2020-2022) and “Local Alliance for Integration (LION/GSRI/University of West Attica/81018): Migrant and Refugee integration into local societies in times of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain and Greece” (2021-2022) implementing a qualitative methodology, migrant and refugee women migrants are entrapped in a frame of invisibility, precarious living and exploitative working conditions and discrimination. On the one hand, one of the greatest challenges that Greece is currently facing is the existence of significant disparities in the health services provided to the population in general, and on the other hand, the problem is particularly severe for migrants. The research emphasizes that the health services to female immigrants and refugees are included in an elliptical system of Public Health policy which fails to address significant claims and fields while the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified vulnerability.
Validating skin swabbing as a refined technique to collect DNA from small-bodied fish species
Authors: Tilley Ceinwen , Sneddon Lynne , Mallon Eamonn , Barber Iain , Norton William
Published: January 2023

DNA samples are often used to identify fish before they are utilised in other experiments. Our recent research has shown that skin swabbing can be used to collect DNA for genotyping, and that swabbing causes less harm to fish than fin clipping, another common technique. In this study we investigated potential refinements to the skin swabbing protocol by pre-treating fish with the analgesic lidocaine. We could not detect any differences in cortisol release, behaviour or expression of stress axis marker genes in skin swabbed sticklebacks or zebrafish regardless of lidocaine application. In contrast, fin clipping caused changes in cortisol release, gene expression and behaviour when analgesia was not used. These changes were rescued by pre-treatment with lidocaine confirming that analgesia was effective. The results demonstrates that skin swabbing is a refined technique for DNA collection that does not require analgesia.
A dataset about Spanish young people’s digital skills, use of technology and online platforms
Authors: Aranda Daniel , Mohammadi Leila , Blasco Mireia Montaña , Estanyol Elisenda , Fernández-de-Castro Pedro
Published: January 2023

Background: The datafication scenario of the current communicative ecosystem poses a challenge to media and digital literacy, especially in terms of participation and civic and democratic engagement of youth.

Methods: For this purpose, through a survey with a representative sample of 600 young people in Spain, between 16 and 18 years old, we observed their level of digital literacy through three variables: technical competencies, informational competencies, and critical knowledge. This dataset also collects information on the reasons why young people use digital technology such as video games, consoles, computers or mobile phones. On the other hand, we also offer information on the types of social networks or applications and the time and types of uses by youngsters of different digital technologies and social media platforms. The survey includes socio-demographic factors such as gender including (male, female, and others).

Conclusions: This survey offers researchers relevant data on the digital skills of Spanish youth and on the perceptions of the use of different digital technologies. This paper also reports the main descriptive data that can be expanded by researchers accessing the database.
The person-centred care game: a reflective tool for learning person-centred care in higher education
Authors: Wallengren Catarina , Feldthusen Caroline , Björkman Ida , Forsgren Emma , Jonnergård Annie , Lindström Kjellberg Irma , Lundberg Mari
Published: January 2023

Teachers in higher education are responsible for helping students develop the ability to reflect. One approach is with serious games, which allow students to reflect on realistic situations and shape their skills with virtual patients. This paper describes the development of a serious game, the person-centred care game – (PCC game), which was designed to promote reflection in learning. We demonstrated how this PCC game could be used to induce student reflection in an academic course on PCC.
Kto ma budować Gdynię? Wpływ władz w Paryżu na kształt konsorcjum francusko-polskiego
Authors: Łazor Jerzy
Published: January 2023

Artykuł przedstawia proces kształtowania się francuskiej części konsorcjum, które uzyskało koncesję na budowę portu w Gdyni. Jego podstawą są francuskie materiały archiwalne. Tekst zestawia i weryfikuje ustalenia historiografii polskiej i francuskiej, dowodząc, że zasadnicze znaczenie dla wyboru firm uczestniczących w konsorcjum miały władze francuskie realizujące politykę bezpieczeństwa III Republiki.
Polski ruch zawodowy wobec Obozu Zjednoczenia Narodowego (1937–1939)
Authors: Zackiewicz Grzegorz
Published: January 2023

W artykule scharakteryzowano stosunek największych polskich central związkowych do Obozu Zjednoczenia Narodowego. Zróżnicowane opinie na temat OZN, wyrażane w latach 1937–1939 przez przedstawicieli organizacji związkowych, a także podejmowane w związku z tym działania były w dużej mierze uwarunkowane nastawieniem ideowym poszczególnych środowisk. Wynikały też z zaszłości historycznych i powiązań niektórych central z partiami politycznymi. Były również konsekwencją rywalizacji o prymat w ruchu zawodowym.
Wokół dezercji Żydów z Armii Polskiej na Wschodzie i konfliktu w Palestynie. Sprawa zajść w kibucach Chulda i Ramat ha-Kowesz w 1943 r.
Authors: Pietrzak Jacek
Published: January 2023

Artykuł dotyczy wydarzeń, które miały miejsce w mandatowej Palestynie jesienią 1943 r. Podczas brytyjskich akcji wymierzonych w żydowskie organizacje zbrojne w dwóch kibucach doszło do gwałtownych starć z osadnikami i aresztowań, co wywołało z kolei burzliwe protesty społeczności żydowskiej. Analiza autora ogniskuje się wokół związków tych wydarzeń z relacjami polsko-żydowskimi, zwłaszcza w kontekście sprawy dezercji Żydów z Armii Polskiej na Wschodzie dowodzonej przez gen. Władysława Andersa.
Żołnierze i biznesmeni. Działalność Gryf Publications w latach 1946–1964 jako przyczynek do historii polskich wydawnictw emigracyjnych po wojnie w Wielkiej Brytanii
Authors: Choma-Jusińska Małgorzata
Published: January 2023

Firma Gryf Publications Ltd. została powołana w 1946 r. w kręgu gen. Władysława Andersa, aby realizować zadania emigracji niepodległościowej oraz polityczne cele środowiska. Gryf osiągnął pozycję jednego z najważniejszych wydawnictw emigracyjnych. Niestabilna sytuacja finansowa jednak stale wymagała szukania rozwiązań zapewniających przetrwanie wydawnictwa.
Życia opłacone dwukrotnie? O publikacji Cena. W poszukiwaniu żydowskich dzieci po wojnie Anny Bikont
Authors: Bartnicka Alicja
Published: January 2023

Losy osób ocalonych z Holocaustu cieszą się niesłabnącym zainteresowaniem badaczy, którzy na łamach swoich publikacji postanawiają oddać głos bezpośrednim świadkom tragicznych wydarzeń II wojny światowej. Cel ten przyświecał także Annie Bikont, która w pracy Cena. W poszukiwaniu żydowskich dzieci po wojnie przedstawiła historie dzieci wyratowanych z Zagłady. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę omówienia i oceny dokonanej przez autorkę analizy oraz wyciągniętych przez nią na tej podstawie wniosków.
Study of the role of erythrocyte and leukocyte intoxication indexes in the pathogenesis of experimental peritonitis
Authors: Gutsulyuk V. , Savytskyi I. , Tsypoviaz S. , Znamerovskyi S. , Zashchuk R.
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of studying the role of erythrocyte and leukocyte indices of intoxication in the pathogenesis of experimental peritonitis. When studying the role of erythrocyte and leukocyte indices, a unidirectional trend of their change was revealed. An increase in the erythrocyte index of intoxication in the pathogenesis of experimental fecal peritonitis was established, most pronounced on the 10th day of the experiment (the level of EII increased by 107% compared to intact animals). The results of the study of the leukocyte intoxication index indicate a unidirectional trend, as in the case of the erythrocyte intoxication index. On the first day, the leukocyte index of intoxication increased on 225% (р<0.05), on the 4th day – on 256.7% (р<0.05), and on the 10th day – on 260% (р <0.05) compared to intact animals. It has been proven that the leukocyte index of intoxication is a more sensitive marker compared to the erythrocyte index.
The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Contemporary Armed Conflicts – Selected Issues
Authors: Królikowski Hubert
Published: January 2023

Armed conflicts which have been taking place since the end of the Cold War are characterized by, inter alia, the increasing scale of the use of unmanned means and systems, especially unmanned aerial vehicles. Scientists dealing with the history of technology look for the beginning of unmanned aerial vehicles not only in the time of the Second World War, but even earlier, going back to the beginnings of aviation. Undoubtedly, however, the development of unmanned aerial vehicles took place during the Cold War and resulted directly from the experiences of armed clashes in Vietnam, the Middle East and analyses of the hypothetical course of a Third World War. The armed conflicts initiated by the Arab Spring in 2011 and Turkey’s participation in them, the fighting in NagornoKarabakh in 2020 and the conflict in Ukraine have once again demonstrated the growing role of unmanned aerial vehicles used for military purposes. It is worth taking a closer look at the role of unmanned aerial vehicles in the aforementioned armed conflicts and try to answer the question whether they are a miracle weapon like the Excalibur, or rather an element of a more complex system involving the ability to reconnaissance, precision strike and electronic warfare? This issue is all the more interesting as not only United States, Israel, Turkey, and China are producers of effective unmanned reconnaissance and strike systems. This type of modern weapon system is also manufactured in Poland. It has been positively tested in the conflicts in the Middle East, Ukraine and during the crisis on the border of Belarus and Poland in 2021.
Technological Innovation in Aviation Security: From Industries as Policy Entrepreneurs
Authors: Callander Briony , Kaunert Christian
Published: January 2023

Aviation is a highly technical sector, but conversely policy regarding the security of it has historically been reactive and driven by human factors. Governance of aviation security is regulated and controlled by national governments, yet policy is primarily developed by international organisations. This article is concerned with what impact technological innovation has had on aviation security with particular focus on the effect of the developments in the cyber-sphere on the policy process. It will consider how cyber innovations have changed the aviation security threat picture and thus the policy process. Technology has become a critical enabler of those looking to subvert aviation. Yet until 9/11, an exogeneous shock to the policy area, the changing threat picture only impacted the content of aviation security policy rather than the policy process or the roles of those involved. This article will argue the industry is acting as a driving force for this legislative agenda nowadays indicating a clear role reversal. To analyse the response to the rise of the cyber threat as a determinant of the contemporary aviation security policy process, this article will use John Kingdon’s concept of policy entrepreneurs. It will argue that the industry has acted as a policy entrepreneur driving legislation due to its technical expertise in response to cyber-attacks becoming the primary threat.
Intelligence Fusion for the European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy
Authors: Gruszczak Artur
Published: January 2023

The data fusion methods, techniques and tools are regarded as a remedy for shortcomings of information/knowledge management and intelligence production. They also address current needs of the holistic, all-source approach to intelligence. Their implementation means the creation of new organizational elements − ‘fusion centers’. The concept of a fusion center has been introduced to and tested in the European Union for years. This paper examines data fusion processes and elements within the EU and focuses on intelligence fusion capabilities developed under the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). The examples of the Single Intelligence Analysis Capacity (SIAC) and EU Hybrid Fusion Cell in the Intelligence and Situation Center (INTCEN) are examined to evaluate challenges, opportunities and limitations of EU intelligence fusion elements. This paper is also an effort to indicate that there are still many elements to be improved within the EU intelligence establishment, including the area of data and information fusion – with the overall aim to effectively and timely support CSDP. Intelligence sharing by Member States with the EU remains one of the main impediments.
Przestrzenne determinanty przestępczości w Krakowie w latach 2017-2021
Authors: Polończyk Agnieszka
Published: January 2023

SPATIAL DETERMINANTS OF CRIME IN KRAKOW, 2017-2021 The article presents a spatial analysis of selected types of crimes committed in Krakow in 2017-2021. Spatial data on crimes from the Police registers, the numbers of which were presented in tabular form, and data on the distribution of municipal monitoring were used for the research. The first step was to determine the type of spatial distribution of criminal offenses using the Nearest Neighbour Analysis method. As a result of determining the type of distribution as a clustered distribution, a detailed identification of the places of the highest concentration of criminal events in the city was initiated. For this purpose, the method of kernel density estimation showing the distribution of intensity of criminal events was used. Analyzes showed the highest concentration of violent crimes in Krakow in 2017-2021 in the city center, while crimes against property was evenly distributed throughout the city, with the exception of its suburbs. The last stage was a detailed spatial analysis of places defined as “hot spots” in terms of their functional and spatial conditions and situational conditions conducive to or hindering the commission of crimes there. The analysis was made on the basis of the local inspection of “hot spots”. The obtained research results were compared to the criminological theories presented in the article and the results of research in this scope presented both in Poland and abroad.