bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers associated with early onset of large submacular hemorrhage secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration after anti-VEGF intravitreal injection
Authors: Zegrari Samira , Cohen Salomon Yves , Colantuono Donato , Jung Camille , Souied Eric , Miere Alexandra
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To identify clinical and morphological biomarkers associated with early onset of large submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to neovascular age-related degeneration (nAMD) after anti-vascular endothelial endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) intravitreal injection (IVI).
Methods: We retrospectively included patients presenting large SMH secondary to treated nAMD, for which at least 2 examinations, including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), were available prior to the onset of the SMH. Clinical characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and treatment, as well as SD-OCT qualitative and quantitative variables were extracted at the 2 last examinations before SMH onset. History of previous SMH on the fellow eye was also documented. Early SMH onset at defined as <45 days versus > 45 days since last IVI were compared.
Results: Forty-six eyes of 46 patients were included in this study, of which 93% were undergoing pro-re-nata regimen with a monthly follow-up. Onion sign, persistence of exudative signs and increasing height of PED between the two last SD-OCT were associated with early SMH onset following last IVI. SMH was bilateral for 41% patients (19/46). In case of history of SMH on the fellow eye, the pre-existence of a RPE-tear before second SMH was significantly higher (p=0.029) in comparison to unilateral SMH.
Conclusion: Persistence of exudative signs,, onion sign and increasing PED height despite anti-VEGF intravitreal injections between the two last examination, as well presence of RPE tear in case of history of an SMH on the fellow eye, should be considered as warning signs for SMH.
Effect of fiber type and volume fraction on the mechanical properties of structural concrete
Authors: wang xianpeng , Wei Mingkun , S.N Kovshar , S.N Leonovich
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the mechanical and mechanical properties of two plant non-metallic fibers and one metallic fiber in concrete were analyzed. Design tests were conducted using two variable indicators of normal stress (σu/ MPa) and gradient fiber admixture (r/%). The flexural and compressive properties of reed fiber concrete, coconut fiber concrete, steel fiber concrete and plain concrete specimens were compared by the tests. It was concluded that both non-metallic fibers and metallic fibers can effectively improve the mechanical properties of structural concrete. According to the analysis of the experimental parameter diagram, the optimal dosing ratio of reed fiber and coconut shell fiber is 2%, and the optimal dosing ratio of steel fiber is 1.5%. In contrast, the impact toughness of metal fibers prompted the compressive performance of metal fibers is much stronger than non-metallic fibers, while the bending of non-metallic plant fibers can well improve the flexural strength of concrete prompted the flexural performance of non-metallic fibers is much higher than that of metal fibers. Therefore, the relationship between the mechanical stress of fiber concrete is: steel fiber concrete > reed fiber concrete > coconut fiber concrete.
Minnelide combined with anti-ANGPTL3-FLD monoclonal antibody completely protects mice with adriamycin nephropathy by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis.
Authors: Ji Baowei , Liu Junchao , Yin Ye , Xu Hong , Shen Qian , Yu Jian
Published: March 2023

Minimal change disease (MCD) is a common type of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children. Currently, there is an urgent need to explore the new treatments because of the significant side effects of long-term use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs and the failure to reduce proteinuria in some patients. Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (Angptl3) is an essential target of NS, and anti-ANGPTL3-FLD monoclonal antibody (mAb) significantly reduces proteinuria in mice with AN. However, some proteinuria is persistent. Minnelide, a water-soluble prodrug of triptolide, has been used in China for the treatment of glomerular disease for > 40 years. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether minnelide combined with mAb could further protect mice with AN and the underlying mechanisms. 8-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were injected with 25 mg/kg of Adriamycin (ADR) by tail vein to establish the AN model. A dose of 200 mg/kg of minnelide or 20 mg/kg of mAb was administered intraperitoneally for the treatment. In vitro, the podocytes were treated with 0.4 mg/mL of ADR for 24 h to induce podocyte injury, and pretreatment with 10 ng/mL of triptolide for 30 min or 100 ng/mL of mAb for 1 h before ADR exposure was used to treat. The results showed that minnelide combined with mAb almost completely ameliorates proteinuria and restores the ultrastructure of the podocytes in mice with AN. In addition, minnelide combined with mAb restores the distribution of Nephrin, Podocin, and CD2AP and reduces the level of inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β] in mice with AN. Mechanistically, minnelide combined with mAb alleviates apoptosis and promotes autophagy in mice with AN by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway. In vitro, triptolide combined with mAb increases the expression of Nephrin, Podocin, and CD2AP, alleviates apoptosis, and promotes autophagy by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway in ADR-induced podocyte injury. Overall, minnelide combined with mAb completely protects the mice with AN by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis.
Implementation research for mortality statistics development: Findings from Indonesia
Authors: Musadad Dede Anwar , Angkasawati Tri Juni , Usman Yuslely , Kelly Matthew James , Rao Chalapati
Published: March 2023

Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) systems are the optimal source for data on births, deaths and causes of death for health policy, program evaluation, and research. In Indonesia, indicators such as life expectancy at birth, infant and maternal mortality rates, and cause-specific death rates need to be routinely monitored for national health policy. However, the CRVS system has not yet been fully established, which creates a challenge for evidence-based health action. In 2019, the Indonesian government released a national strategy for accelerating the CRVS system, with targets for improved coverage and data quality by 2024. This article describes findings from a program of formative and implementation research to guide the application of the national strategy. At first, a detailed CRVS assessment and gap analysis was undertaken using an international framework. The assessment findings were used to develop a revised business process model for reporting deaths and their causes at village, sub district and district level. In addition, a field instruction manual was also developed to guide personnel in implementation. Two field sites in Java – Malang District and Kudus Regency were selected for pilot testing the reporting procedures, and relevant site preparation and training was carried out. Data compilations for Malang in 2019 and Kudus in 2020 were analyzed to derive mortality indicators. High levels of death reporting completeness (83 to 89%) were reported from both districts, along with plausible cause-specific mortality profiles, although the latter need further validation. The study findings establish the feasibility of implementing revised death reporting procedures at the local level, as well as demonstrate sustainability through institutionalization and capacity building, and can be used to accelerate further development of the CRVS system in Indonesia.
Use of frailty assessment instruments in nephrology populations: a scoping review
Authors: Kennard Alice , Rainsford Suzanne , Glasgow Nicholas , Talaulikar Girish
Published: March 2023

Background
Frailty is a clinical syndrome of accelerated aging associated with adverse outcomes. Frailty is prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease but is infrequently assessed in clinical settings, due to lack of consensus regarding frailty definitions and diagnostic tools. This study aimed to review the practice of frailty assessment in nephrology populations and evaluate the context and timing of frailty assessment.
Methods
The search included published reports of frailty assessment in patients with chronic kidney disease, undergoing dialysis or in receipt of a kidney transplant, published between January 2000 and November 2021. Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsychINFO, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were examined. A total of 164 articles were included for review.
Results
We found that studies were most frequently set within developed nations and adopted an observational study design, with paucity of interventional research. Studies favoured assessment of participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and transplant candidates. A total of 40 different frailty metrics were used. The most frequently utilised tool was the Fried Frailty Phenotype. Frailty prevalence varied across populations and research settings from 2.8% among participants with CKD to 82% among patients undergoing haemodialysis. Frailty was infrequently examined in conservatively managed populations. We verified that frailty predicts higher rates of adverse patient outcomes. There is sufficient literature to justify future meta-analyses.
Conclusions
There is increasing recognition of frailty in nephrology populations and the value of assessment in informing prognostication and decision-making during transitions in care. The Fried Frailty Phenotype is frequently utilised and offers comparison of frailty prevalence and outcomes over different research settings, as well as offering the opportunity to define a pre-frail state. Further research examining frailty in culturally and linguistically diverse populations is required. Future work should focus on interventional strategies exploring frailty rehabilitation.
Daksha: On Alert for High Energy Transients
Authors: Bhalerao Varun
Published: March 2023

We present Daksha, a proposed high energy transients mission for the study of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources, and gamma ray bursts. Daksha will comprise of two satellites in low earth equatorial orbits, on opposite sides of earth. Each satellite will carry three types of detectors to cover the entire sky in an energy range from 1 keV to >1 MeV. Any transients detected on-board will be announced publicly within minutes of discovery. All photon data will be downloaded in ground station passes to obtain source positions, spectra, and light curves. In addition, Daksha will address a wide range of science cases including monitoring X-ray pulsars, studies of magnetars, solar flares, searches for fast radio burst counterparts, routine monitoring of bright persistent high energy sources, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, and probing primordial black hole abundances through lensing. In this paper, we discuss the technical capabilities of Daksha, while the detailed science case is discussed in a separate paper.
Discrepancies in Vessel Density and Blood Flow Distribution in Different Areas of the Iris among Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Cui Lipu , Xiao Ying , Qian Yu , Lin Qiurong , Xiang Zhaoyu , Chen Zhangling , Sun Jiaqi , Qin Xinran , Yang Chenhao , Zou Haidong
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To investigate differences in iris blood flow indices between pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and adult type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Pediatric T1DM patients and healthy children were members of the Shanghai Children and Adolescent Diabetes Eye (SCADE) cohort who visited Shanghai Eye Hospital in February 2022. The adult T2DM patients and healthy adults were patients who visited Shanghai General Hospital from October 2021 to January 2022. Iris OCTA was acquired through a Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 angiography system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.). A unique iris OCTA quantification method was used, and the vessel area density (VAD) and vessel skeleton density (VSD) were obtained. The area from the pupillary margin to the corneoscleral limbus was takenas the whole iris blood flow index, and the inner third near the pupillary margin of the whole iris was taken as the pupillary margin blood flow index.
Results: This study enrolled 34 pediatric T1DM patients, 34 age-matched healthy children, 34 adult T2DM patients, and 34 age-matched healthy adults. The whole iris and pupillary margin VAD and VSD of the pediatric T1DM patients were not different from those of healthy children. The whole iris VAD and VSD of the adult T2DM patients were lower than those of healthy adults, and the pupillary margin VAD and VSD were the same in these two groups. Compared with adult T2DM patients, pediatric T1DM patients had higher whole iris VAD and VSD and lower pupillary margin VAD and VSD values, all with statistical significance. Among diabetic patients, age, BMI, and glycated hemoglobin level were negative independent influencing factors for whole iris VAD and VSD, and age was a positive influencing factor for pupillary margin VAD and VSD.
Conclusion: There are diverse alterations in iris vessel density and blood flow distribution between pediatric T1DM patients and adult T2DM patients.
Evolution of the 14-3-3 gene family in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous and validation of MdGRF13 function in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ren Jiaxuan , Zhang Pan , Dai Yingbao , Liu Xiaohuan , Lu Shixiong , Guo Lili , Gou Huimin , Mao Juan
Published: March 2023

The 14-3-3 are highly conserved regulatory proteins found in eukaryotes and play an essential role in plant growth, development and response to stress. However, the evolution of the 14-3-3 gene family in monocotyledons and dicotyledons and the biological functions of the MdGRF13 in abiotic stress remain unknown. In our study, a total of 195 members of the 14-3-3 family were identified from 12 species and divided into ε group and the Non-ε group. Synteny analysis within the 14-3-3 family indicated that segmental duplication events contributed to the expansion of its family. Selective pressure analysis indicated that purifying selection was a vital force in the evolution of 14-3-3 genes, and monocotyledons were found to have lower million years ago (Mya) mean values than dicotyledons. Meanwhile, monocotyledons have a higher codon adaptation index (CAI) and frequency of optical codons (FOP) and a lower effective number of codons (NC) of 14-3-3 genes compared to dicotyledons. Moreover, the yeast two-hybrid demonstrated that MdGRF13 interacts with MdRD22, MdLHP1a and MdMORF1. Significantly, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electrolyte leakage were decreased, whiles the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were increased in transgenic Arabidopsis than wild type under drought and salt stress. This shows that overexpression of MdGRF13 significantly improved the drought and salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis. These results provide a theoretical basis for exploring the evolution of the 14-3-3 gene family in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous and exploring the function of its family.
Implementation of the Water Footprint as a water performance indicator in industrial manufacturing units located in Greece: Challenges & Prospects
Authors: Nydrioti Ioanna , Moutsaki Melina-Margarita , Leounakis Nikolaos , Grigoropoulou Helen
Published: March 2023

Global water resources are under great pressure, so sustainable water and wastewater management is essential for every industrial unit. The Water Footprint (WF) is a multidimensional indicator of volumetric water use and pollution and is applied throughout the production cycle from the supply chain to the end user. The state-of-the art method of calculating the direct (operational) WF requires detailed records of water consumption and wastewater production per process, that are usually not available. In order to effectively implement the indicator, modifications to the standard calculation method are usually necessary, to meet the requirements and characteristics of each production unit. The present study analyzes the modifications required for WF assessment in three production units in Greece (i.e., cement, brewery and natural cosmetics) for which the WF is calculated for each production process and for the whole unit The WF assessment performed for the three case studies showed that both water consumption rates and WFs are within the lowest values (4.7 hL water/hL beer for brewery case study and 0.155 L/kg cement for cement case study) of the ranges reported in the international literature (4-8.8 hL water/hL beer and 0.14–0.413 L/kg cement). The total WF of the brewery after applying mass balances was calculated at 23.8 hL water / hL beer with virtual Grey WF contributing at 79.7% and Blue WF at 20.3%. For the cement manufacturing unit, using estimations from the plant operators and data from international literature the total WF of the plant was assessed at 0.159 L / kg cement with Blue WF contributing at 95.8%, Green WF at 1% and virtual Grey WF at 3.2%. For the natural cosmetics unit, after modifying the system boundaries properly, the total WF was assessed at 81.6 L / kg bulk with virtual Grey WF contributing at 88.8%. Through WF assessment, strategic actions could be identified to reduce water consumption and a benchmark could be provided to assess water performance between companies of the same branch.
Traffic noise in the bedroom in association with being overweight or obese: a cross-sectional study of the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe cohort
Authors: Veber Triin , Pyko Andrei , Carlsen Hanne Krage , Holm Mathias , Gislason Thorarinn , Janson Christer , Johannessen Ane , Sommar Johan Nilsson , Modig Lars , Lindberg Eva , Schlünssen Vivi , Toompere Karolin , Orru Hans
Published: March 2023

Background
Previous research suggests an association between road traffic noise and obesity, but current evidence is inconclusive. We aimed to investigate associations between self-reported traffic noise in bedrooms and self-measured obesity markers.
Methods
We applied data from the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) cohort. We used self-measured waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) as outcome values. Noise exposure was assessed as perceived traffic noise in the bedroom and/or the bedroom window’s location towards the street. We applied linear, and logistic regression models and evaluated effect modifications by sex.
Results
Women, who reported very high traffic noise levels in bedroom, had 1.35 (95% CI 0.32–2.38) kg/m2 higher BMI and 4.66 (95% CI 1.83–7.48) cm higher WC compared to women, who reported no traffic noise in the bedroom. Women who reported higher exposure to road traffic noise had statistically significant higher odds of being overweight, obese or have abdominal obesity with OR varying from 1.16 to 1.67 compared to women, who reported no traffic noise in the bedroom. Among men we did not find any clear associations between noise pollution and obesity measures.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that self-reported traffic noise in the bedroom may be associated to being overweight or obese among women, but not among men.
Short-term intraocular pressure changes after Aflibercept (Eylea©) intravitreal injections: which factors should be considered?
Authors: Barbosa Renato Correia , Basto Rita , Viana Ana Rita , Gonçalves Rita , Tenedório Paula
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To measure and interpret short-term pressure variation after intravitreal injections of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug aflibercept (Eylea©), and to identify variables and risk factors for increased pressure spikes.
Methods and materials: A prospective study was conducted on 103 eyes treated with intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea©). IOP was measured using the Icare® TA01i tonometer immediately before, and 1, 5, and 20 minutes after the procedure. Patient data were reviewed according to age, gender, diagnostic, phakic status, and glaucoma history.
Results: Mean values of IOP before, and 1, 5 and 20 minutes after the injection were 14,89 (± 4,19) mmHg, 36,77 (± 11,46) mmHg, 24,17 (± 7,81) mmHg and 16,54 (± 5,26) mmHg, respectively. Significant differences were found in patients with a history of glaucoma, 20 minutes after the injection. No significant differences were found between phakic and pseudophakic patients.
Conclusions: More than three-quarters (76,7%) of the patients had an IOP higher than 30 mmHg 1 minute after the injection. Almost half (47,57%) had an IOP higher than 40 mmHg. Phakic status didn’t seem to affect IOP after intravitreal injections. Patients with a history of glaucoma may have a slower postinjection IOP decrease, shown by a mean IOP difference of 3,72 mmHg, 20 minutes after the injections. These patients are at a greater risk for progressive worsening of their glaucoma due to repeated IOP spikes after multiple IVI. IOP should be closely monitored, and a low threshold for optimizing topical therapy should be established.
Genetically Predicted Levels of Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines and the Risk of Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: He Xin , Hu Bing , Guo Ziwen , Niu Xiaomin
Published: March 2023

Although epidemiological and observational studies link inflammation to the occurrence and progression of Hodgkin lymphoma, the causal relationship between circulating Inflammatory cytokines Levels and Hodgkin lymphoma remains unknown. To investigate the effects of genetically predicted circulating inflammatory cytokine levels on Hodgkin lymphoma, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Summary-level data of genetic variants associated with circulating cytokines were included from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of 8,293 Finns. Data on Hodgkin lymphoma were obtained from UK BioBank(360 cases and 36078 noncases). Inverse-variance weighted analysis, weighted-median analysis, and MR-Egger regression were conducted in this Mendelian randomization analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to confirm the accuracy and robustness of our results. 197 genetic variants with genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10 − 8) associated with 26 circulating cytokines were used as IVs. It was clear from the validation analysis that none of the 26 circulating inflammatory cytokines was associated with Hodgkin lymphoma risk. Our study systematically assesses the effect of circulating cytokines on Hodgkin lymphoma risk, and inflammatory cytokines are not associated with Hodgkin lymphoma risk. However, the exact underlying biological mechanism warrants further investigation.
Magneto-optical assessment of Plasmodium parasite growth via hemozoin crystal size
Authors: Orbán Ágnes , Schumacher Jan-Jonas , Mucza Szilvia , Strinic Ana , Molnár Petra , Babai Réka , Halbritter András , Vértessy Beáta G. , Karl Stephan , Krohns Stephan , Kézsmárki István
Published: March 2023

Hemozoin is a natural biomarker formed during the hemoglobin metabolism of Plasmodiumparasites, the causative agents of malaria. The rotating-crystal magneto-optical detection (RMOD) has been developed for its rapid and sensitive detection both in cell cultures and patient samples. In the current article we demonstrate that, besides quantifying the overall concentration of hemozoin produced by the parasites, RMOD can also track the size distribution of the hemozoin crystals. We establish the relations between the magneto-optical signal, the mean parasite age and the median crystal size throughout one erythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium falciparum parasites, where the latter two are determined by optical and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The significant correlation between the magneto-optical signal and the stage distribution of the parasites indicates that the RMOD method can be utilized for species-specific malaria diagnosis and for the quick assessment of drug efficacy.
Assessment of Cognitive Impairment and Decision Support in Cancer Treatment: cross- sectional observational study
Authors: Hirai Kei , Yamamura Asayo , Suzuki Nanami , Ogawa Asao
Published: March 2023

Background
This study aims to explore decision-making processes in cancer treatment in Japan. We investigated the percentage of patients who can make decisions, the rate of implementation of decision-making support actions, and the activities that contribute to decision-making.
Methods
The survey participants were 555 cancer patients (mean age 63.34 years, standard deviation, 12.76). The investigator observed the survey process in the actual examination room.
Results
The results of this study clarify the understanding of decision-making among cancer patients. Furthermore, it was found that doctors’ and nurses’ rates of implementation of supportive behaviors differed. In addition to supportive behaviors, patients’ ages were related to the decision-making process.
Conclusion
From these facts, it is more important for older adults to support more specific decision making. Doctors and nurses should divide roles and contribute to patient decision-making support in the medical field. Furthermore, they should endeavor to communicate according to patients’ personal values and dispositions.
Prediction of postoperative disability in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine using preoperative psychological factors
Authors: miki takahiro , samukawa mina , Higuchi Daisuke , Kondo Yu , Watanabe Yuta , Takebayashi Tsuneo , Ishida Tomoya , kasahara satoshi , Tohyama Harukazu
Published: March 2023

Background
Lumbar degenerative disease has become more common, and surgery is performed in severe cases. However, some patients have residual disabilities. Although psychological factors are the most studied predictors of disability after lumbar spine surgery, it is unclear which factors strongly influence them. Thus, this study aimed to examine multidimensional factors that predict disability in patients postoperatively.
Methods
This was a retrospective longitudinal study. We collected data on pain intensity, disability, and psychosocial factors a day before surgery. In addition, pain intensity and disability were assessed for the same participants more than 1 year after surgery. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the preoperative factors associated with the degree of disability in participants at postoperative lumbar surgery. The dependent variable was the Roland Morris disability questionnaire score postoperatively. The independent variables were the preoperative Roland Morris disability questionnaire scores in step 1; the participant's characteristics (age and sex) and numerical rating scale in step 2; Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales as step 3; and the interaction of age with the other variables was added in step 4.
Results
There were 176 participants in this study. The preoperative Roland Morris disability questionnaire scores (B = 0.140; p < 0.05), age (B = 0.059; p < 0.05), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (B=-0.107; p < 0.05) and preoperative Roland Morris disability questionnaire scores with age interaction (B = 0.014; p < 0.01) were significantly related to disability. The explanatory power was 26.7%.
Conclusions
This study showed that the preoperative fear of movement was the strongest predictor of postoperative disability after surgery for degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine.
Modeling of Thermal Stress and Control for steam turbine
Authors: Wang Wei , Dong Chao , Sun Yongjian
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the method of system identification and predictive control is used to control the stress of steam turbine rotor. Firstly, the three-dimensional model of turbine rotor is established by using finite element simulation software, and then the results are identified by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The transfer function is obtained. Firstly, the temperature model is identified with an accuracy of 99.73%, and then the stress model is identified with an accuracy of 98.2% $. Then the transfer function is discretized, and the data is input into the discrete transfer function to verify the accuracy of system identification. After the accurate verification of the transfer function, the transfer function is transformed into the dynamic matrix control model, and then the stress feedback controller is designed to realize the model predictive control (MPC) of the rotor stress. At the same time, the output response of the system before and after the addition of the controller is compared. Finally, the rationality of the control model is verified. Future work will concentrate on more complex working conditions.
Impact of Adrenomedullin on Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in Human Adipocyte
Authors: Dong Yuanlin , Vipin Vidyadharan Alukkal , Blesson Chellakkan Selvanesan , Yallampalli Chandrasekhar
Published: March 2023

For metabolic homeostasis adequate mitochondrial function in adipocytes is essential. Our previous observation showed that circulating levels of adrenomedullin (ADM) and mRNA and protein for ADM in omental adipose tissue were higher in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with normal pregnancy, and these alterations are accompanied by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation, but the impact of ADM on mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in human adipocyte remain elusive. In this study we demonstrated that: (1) Increasing doses of glucose and ADM inhibit human adipocyte mRNA expressions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of electron transport chain (ETC), including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ND) 1 and 2, cytochrome (CYT) b, as well as ATPase 6; (2) ADM significantly increases human adipocyte mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and this increase is reversed by ADM antagonist, ADM22-52, but does not significantly affect adipocyte mitochondrial contents; (3) Adipocyte basal and maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) are dose-dependently suppressed by ADM, and results in impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We conclude that elevatedADM observed in diabetic pregnancy may be involved in glucose and lipid dysregulation through compromising adipocyte mitochondrial function, and blockade of ADM actions in adipocytes may improve GDM-related metabolic complications.
Evaluation of serological factors in 29 patients with frozen shoulder, a cohort study
Authors: Rouhani Alireza , Parish Masoud , Dashti Mohsen , Hamedfar Hadi , Mahdipour Shahab
Published: March 2023

Background
Frozen Shoulder is a painful and debilitating illness that affects 2 to 5% of the general population and up to 20% of those with diabetes, characterized with significant shoulder pain and reduced mobility, resulting in loss of passive and active movements in all directions in the first stage of frozen shoulder, which is sometimes mistaken with acute and subacute arthritis. We decided to conduct a study to evaluate serological factors in these patients.
Methods
The present investigation was a cohort study. First the target population and sample size were determined and the patients enrolled at the study were asked for their medical history, and then examined by a subspecialist physician to validate the diagnosis of frozen should. For all patients, a series of specific routine blood tests were requested and their shoulder range of motion and scores were recorded.
Results
A total of 29 patients with adhesive capsulitis with a mean age of 55.59 ± 9.57 and a mean BMI of 27.78 ± 4.59 were recruited, of whom 22 were female (75.9%) and 7 were male (24.1%). The mean levels of fasting blood glucose, (FBS) ESR and CRP were 100.61 ± 17.29 mg/dL, 16.89 ± 13.14 mm/h and 2.85 ± 6.88 mg/L, respectively. CRP levels were inversely associated with constant shoulder score (CSS).
Conclusion
The serum level of CRP might be a reliable biomarker for predicting the qualitative state of pain and range of motion in patients with adhesive capsulitis, as it is correlated with CSS.
Trial registration:
The present study was approved by the regional ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences based on the Helsinki Declaration with the ethics code IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.990.
On the yield criterion of porous materials by the homogenization approach and Steigmann--Ogden surface model
Authors: Zheng Chenyi , Wang Hongzhen , Jiang Yali , Li Gaohui
Published: March 2023

In this work, we investigate the yield criterion of nanoporous materials by using homogenization approach and Steigmann--Ogden surface model. The representative volume element (RVE) is proposed as an infinite matrix containing a tiny nanovoid. The matrix is incompressible, rigid-perfectly plastic, von Mises materials and nanovoids are dilute and equal in size. First, the constitutive of microscopic stress and microscopic strain rate is established based on the flow criterion. Secondly, according to the Hill's lemma, the relationship between the macroscopic equivalent modulus and the microscopic equivalent modulus is established by homogenization approach. Thirdly, the macroscopic equivalent modulus containing the Steigmann--Ogden surface model including surface parameters, porosity and nanovoid radius is derived from the trial microscopic velocity field. Finally, an implicit macroscopic strength criterion for nanoporous materials is developed. For surface modulus, nanovoids radius and porosity studies are developed through extensive numerical experiments. The research results in this paper have reference significance for the design and manufacture of nanoporous materials.
Effects of timing to surgery on outcomes among adult patients with traumatic expansive intracranial hematomas in a sub-Saharan tertiary hospital: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kamabu Larrey Kasereka , Bbosa Godfrey S. , Lekuya Hervé Monka , Sekabunga Juliet Nalwanga , Kataka Louange Maha , Obiga Doomwin Oscar Deogratius , Kiryabwire Joel , Galukande Moses
Published: March 2023

Background
Despite the fact that traumatic expansive intracranial hematomas (EIH) are frequent, it is debatable whether the timing of surgery affects the prognosis of patients. The study assessed the effect of timing to surgery on outcomes among adult patients with EIH at Mulago National Referral hospital (MNRH).
Methods
A prospective study was conducted among adult TBI patients with intracranial hematoma during a period of 1 year and follow up for 6 months. Participants were grouped into two arms based on the early (within 24 hours) or late (over 24 hours) surgical evacuation of EIH. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve and log-rank test were used to test for differences in survival status among groups. The level of significance was determined at a p-value of < 0.05.
Results
The analysis covered 324 individuals in all, and 10.2% of them died. Majority of patients (59.6%) had delayed surgery. Patients who underwent early surgery within 24 hours of accident had a median time to mortality of 2 days while those who underwent surgery more than 24 hours had a median time to mortality of 4 days (p=0.004). Patients who underwent early surgery had a median LOS similar to those who had late surgery of 2 days(p=0.278). The overall survival was 46.6%, 95% CI= (17.0 to 71.9). The survival was significantly influenced by QoLIBRI, GOS, SDH, SAH, contusion. Among the survivors, 73.8% were in good functional outcome at discharge. Surgical timing groups were different according to mortality, QoLIBRI at 180 days, which was on average lower in the late surgery group, and complications, which were higher in the same group. Delayed surgery was more associated with posttraumatic seizures (PTS), infection, bleeding, pneumonia, paralysis, nausea, vomiting and decompressive craniectomy.
Conclusion
Early surgery was associated with early mortality, but was neither associated with shorter LOS nor with better survival. Late surgery was associated with lower long-term QoLIBRI, higher complication rate. This study demonstrates that there are still differences in outcome about when to operate. Further high-quality studies are needed to solve this disparity.
Ultra-fast adsorption of radioactive technetium (99mTc) by using mining waste Clay samples, Abu Tartur, Egypt
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Saleh , Hassan Walaa Ali , Mohamed Mohamed Abdel-Moneim , Ahmed Ezzat Abdalla , Shaalan Nagah , Abukhadra Mostafa Ragab
Published: March 2023

In this study, we have opened a great route to fabricate a high-performance nanocomposite for various functional applications based on the composite of a natural stone. A clay sample (black shale (B.Sh)) was collected from the Abu-Tartur area in Egypt. The black shale was organically modified with organic materials in our laboratory, which is called organic-black shale (O-B.Sh). The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and XRF. These techniques confirmed that the samples have multi-oxide phases with approximately SiO2 at 54.1%, Al2O3 at 24.73%, Fe2O3 at 6.02%, K2O at 1.12%, MgO at 1.09%, and Na2O of 0.09%, as calculated by XRF. The two samples were applied to the adsorption processes of the radioactive technetium materials, which have been used for the medical treatment of the cancer institute of upper Egypt. The adsorption processes were performed at various concentrations of the radioactive material and various amounts of clay samples. The as-collected B.Sh sample showed an adsorption activity of 65%, however, the organically modified materials showed a high adsorption rate toward technetium reaches to 100% in a very short time, and without any further process. The present collected materials are very promising to withdraw the radioactive materials from the saline solution to save human and environmental health. We believe that these multi-compound composites may open a new approach for creating new fabric composites with high performance toward various applications.
Attraction of Thrips by Salt Forms of Alkyl Nicotinates and Isonicotinates
Authors: Lobur Aleksandr , Ushkova Maria , Todorov Nikolai
Published: March 2023

The methyl and ethyl esters of nicotinic and isonicotinic acids are effective attractants for capturing thrips. The salt forms of nicotinic and isonicotinic acid esters dissociate in air and gradually release the attractant. The use of salt forms of alkyl nicotinates or isonicotinates as thrips attractants has not been previously described. The efficiency of capturing western flower thrips in protected cultivation on cucumber crops and aster flowers by blue sticky traps with dispensers containing salts of hydrochloric, phosphoric, citric, and trifluoroacetic acids with methyl nicotinate was studied. It was found that the use of dispensers with salt forms of methyl nicotinate increased the capture rate of western flower thrips by 1.8 to 2.3 times within a month. Dispensers with citrates of ethyl and methyl ethers of nicotinic and isonicotinic acids increased the capture rate of thrips by 1.7 to 2.2 times.
“Chronic Exposure to Proton Pump Inhibitor use and Diabetes Mellitus Incidence. A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis “
Authors: CHENCHULA SANTENNA , Sharma PHULEN , Ghanta Mohan Krishna , Amerneni Krishna Chaitanya , Sharma Sushil , Chavan Madhavrao , R Padmavathi , Gupta Rupesh , saggurthi pavani
Published: March 2023

Proton pump inhibitors are very commonly prescribed drugs for gastrointestinal disorders. It is estimated that worldwide a total of 537 million adult populations are affected by diabetes mellitus. The present systematic review was planned to explore an association between PPIs use and the risk of DM occurrence which is unclear yet. We have performed a comprehensive literature search in popular electronic databases such as Pub Med, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov using a comprehensive search strategy from inception to December 2022. Quality analysis was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale system. All Statistical analyses were performed using the “Review Manager 5.4” version. The P value < .05 was set as statistically highly significant. This systematic review identified 12 studies (8: observational; 1: RCT & 3: case-control; n = 11, 64816) with a total of 1, 25,504 cases of diabetes incidence, and the median age ranged from > 18-74.9 years. The pooled RR findings have shown that exposure to PPIs is significantly associated with an increased risk of DM occurrence (RR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.31–4.54) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 99%, P < 0.00001). A significant relationship between the chronic use of PPIs and the development of diabetes mellitus was found. Hypergastrenemia, gut dysbiosis, hypomagnesaemia, decrease pancreatic secretions, PXR activation, decrease in the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and low potency are some of the mechanisms proposed to explain an association of diabetes incidence with chronic PPI use. Furthermore, RCTs on PPIs associated risk of diabetes incidence are suggested
Mechanical effect on implant-supported prosthesis regarding to different loading direction and contact points under static and cyclic loading
Authors: Tak Sangmyeong , Jeong Yuwon , Kim Jong-Eun , Kim Jee-Hwan , Lee Hyeonjong
Published: March 2023

Aims.To evaluate screw loosening and fracture load and angular deviation of a single implant-supported prosthesis under vertical and oblique loading direction and three different loading points at the occlusal surface.
Methods. A total of 40 metal crowns were cemented to internal connection implants and were divided as vertical and oblique loading direction. The occlusal surface of the crown was designed with three flat surfaces, contact A, B, and C, representing outer and inner 20-degree inclination for buccal and lingual cusps. The angular deviations of implant crown under static 50N of loading were measured. And screw removal torque was evaluated before and after 52,500 load cycles. Then, fracture load was measured for each specimen. Data analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance test of significance followed by Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) test(p<0.05).
Results. Angular deviation results showed statistical significance between all contact points in vertical group compared to oblique group, which showed similar results between contact A and B compared to C. In the other hand, screw loosening evaluation did not show statistical significance among the tested groups. And for the fracture load evaluation the maximum values reached twice the yield values in all contact areas.
Conclusions. Mechanical effects were different regarding to diverse loading direction and contact points. The results of this study suggest that the stress concentration might increase in unfavorable vector direction.
Investigation of the effects of small VCP-interacting protein (SVIP) on the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.
Authors: Kartal Bahar , Alimogullari Ebru , Çaylı Sevil
Published: March 2023

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) eliminates misfolded proteins. Numerous illnesses, including cancer, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, and neurological diseases, are influenced by ERAD. Although there are many proteins involved in ERAD, we focused on small VCP-interacting protein (SVIP).The presence and the function of SVIP in breast cancer types has not been studied yet. The aim of the study was to investigated the expression of SVIP, in breast cancer types and to determine whether SVIP contribute to the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.
Material and methods: Normal (MCF 10A), estrogen positive (MCF-7) and triple negative (MDA-MB 231) breast cancer cell lines were used in this study. Presence and cellular localization of SVIP in breast cancer cells were examined by immunohistochemistry. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate protein expression after SVIP siRNA transfection of the cells. The consequences of this suppression on cell invasion and migration were identified by using the xCELLigence real-time analysis system (RTAC).
Results: The ımmunoexpression of SVIP was observed in the cytoplasm of MCF 10A, MCF-7, and MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cell lines. The transfection of the cells with SVIP siRNA led to a reduction in the protein expression of SVIP. SVIPsi RNA suppression results in decreased invasion and migration of MCF 10A cells on the other hand increased invasion and migratory potential of MDA-MB 231.
The MCF 7 cell index increased in the invasion setting, although migration was decreased.
Conclusion: We showed that the protein expression and cellular localization of SVIP in normal, estrogen positive and triple negative breast cancer cell lines. The capacity of breast cancer cells to migrate and invade changed when the three cell types were transfected with SVIPsi.
Impact of Timing and Combination of different BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1-S Covid-19 Basic and Booster Vaccinations on Humoral Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity in Adults
Authors: Dedroogh Simon , Schmiedl Sven , Thürmann Petra A. , Graf Katharina , Appelbaum Sebastian , Koß Reinhard , Theis Christian , Zia Zewarudin , Tebbenjohanns Jürgen , Thal Serge C. , Dedroogh Michael
Published: March 2023

In this single-center observational study with 1,206 participants, we prospectively evaluated SARS-CoV-2-antibodies (anti-S RBD) and vaccine-related adverse drug reactions (ADR) after basic and booster immunization with BNT162b2- and ChAdOx1-S-vaccines in four vaccination protocols: Homologous BNT162b2-schedule with second vaccination at either three or six weeks, homologous ChAdOx1-S-vaccination or heterologous ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2-schedule, each at 12 weeks. All participants received a BNT162b2 booster. Blood samples for anti-S RBD analysis were obtained multiple times over a period of four weeks to six months after basic vaccination, immediately before, and up to three months after booster vaccination. After basic vaccination, the homologous ChAdOx1-S-group showed the lowest anti-S RBD levels over six months, while the heterologous BNT162b2-ChAdOx1-S-group demonstrated the highest anti-S levels, but failed to reach level of significance compared with the homologous BNT162b2-groups. Antibody levels were higher after an extended vaccination interval with BNT162b2. A BNT162b2 booster increased anti-S-levels 11- to 91-fold in all groups, with the homologous ChAdOx1-S-cohort demonstrated the highest increase in antibody levels. No severe or serious ADR were observed. The findings suggest that a heterologous vaccination schedule or prolonged vaccination interval induces robust humoral immunogenicity with good tolerability. Extending the time to boost-immunization is key to both improving antibody induction and reducing ADR rate.