bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Validation of an Anoikis-Related Gene Signature to Predict Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Shu Qiuxia , Yu Qing , Kang Lili , Qin Cao , He Jiangyi , Gong Yuzhu
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly aggressive, with advanced tumors resulting in poor prognosis. Anoikis is a type of programmed cell death that is important in malignant solid tumor occurrence and progression. However, research on the role of anoikis in CRC and its prognosis is lacking.
Methods
Using patient data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), anoikis related genes (ARGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore ARG-related biological pathways. We used least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis to construct a prognostic model, and the LASSO-derived median risk score could divide the cancer group into high- and low-risk groups. The prognostic value of ARGs was analyzed using multivariate COX regression and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs). We used decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the clinical utility of the constructed prognostic model.
Results
We identified 21 differentially expressed genes, and the GO and GSEA analyses showed that genes in the dataset TCGA-COADREAD were significantly enriched in the WNT signaling pathway and pluripotency, negative regulation of NOTCH4 signaling, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and L1CAM interactions. Eight genes were verified in the GSE17536 and TCGA-COADREAD datasets (BRCA2, CXCL8, ITGA2, KLF4, PLAU, SOX9, TPM1, VSNL1). DCA indicated that the model's 5-year predictive effect was better than that at 1 and 3 years.
Conclusions
We demonstrated the value of ARGs to assess CRC prognosis, potentially providing new insights into CRC survival prediction and therapeutic targets.
Remote Video-Delivered Suturing Education with Smartphones: A Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: How Nathan , Ren Kevin , Qiu Yuan , Hamann Karyssa , Leveille Cameron F. , Davidson Alexandra , Eqbal Adam , Sardiwalla Yaeesh , Korostensky Michael , Duchesnay Isabelle , McKechnie Tyler , Lee Elizabeth , Hopkins Erik , Logie Kathleen , Yang Ilun
Published: November 2023

Objective: To measure remote feedback's educational benefit, assess its perceived feasibility and utility, and demonstrate implementation of a practical and cost-effective model.
Design: Medical students were randomized to receive live video- or recorded video-delivered feedback on suturing skills. A non-randomized control group received in-person feedback. Pre- and post-feedback recordings of suturing were evaluated by blinded assessors to determine improvement using the University of Bergen suturing skills assessment tool (UBAT) and Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS). Study arms were compared to the control arm in a non-inferiority analysis. Participants and feedback providers completed questionnaires regarding feasibility and utility of their feedback modality.
Participants: Fifty-four first- and second-year medical student participants and 11 surgical resident feedback providers McMaster University.
Results: UBAT score change was 40.5 in the remote live video feedback group, 8.7 in the remote recorded video feedback group, and 18.0 in the in-person feedback group with no significant difference between groups (p=0.619). However, 95% confidence intervals did not exclude a non-inferiority threshold for either video-based experimental arm. Similar findings were demonstrated using the OSATS tool. Questionnaire responses found that participants and feedback providers both rated video-delivered feedback as feasible and useful.
Conclusions: There was no significant difference in learner improvement between live or recorded video-delivered feedback and in-person feedback, but non-inferiority was not established. We have demonstrated subjective feasibility and utility of a highly-accessible and affordable model of remote video-delivered feedback in technical skills acquisition.
Assessment of the Quality of Online Patient-Oriented Information on Robotic Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Amaefule-Orie Grace , Ezeme Constantine , Yeung Trevor
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION
With advances in modern medicine, there is a constant need for accurate and up-to-date readily available information online to ensure patients are well-equipped for informed decision making.
AIM
This study sets out to analyze websites that provide patient-centered information on robotic colorectal surgery.
METHOD
Three search engines (Google, Yahoo and Firefox) were used with search terms ‘robotic colorectal surgery’ and the first twenty results on each platform assessed. After screening sites using predetermined criteria, further analysis was performed with the DISCERN questionnaire and Cohen Kappa analysis.
RESULTS
Out of the 60 websites identified from the initial search, only 14 websites contained patient information on robotic colorectal surgery. Of these, only three (21%) sites had been updated in the past year and one site was last updated ten years ago. Ten (71%) websites were affiliated with hospitals and the majority (12, 86%) were based in the United States of America (USA). Approximately half of the websites explored alternative surgical techniques, only three (21%) discussed the risks, a similar number had details on post-operative experience, and none mentioned cost implications, ongoing research or the waiting list involved. Overall, no website had a perfect score of 5 to be classified as good or excellent. There was at least a fair level of agreement (reliability score of >0.2) in twelve DISCERN criteria (80%), four of which were statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
Despite the huge volume of generic information on colorectal surgery, there is still a paucity of comprehensive patient-centered information on robotics as a modality of treatment.
CORRESPONDENCE: Grace Oluchi Amaefule-Orie M.B.B.S., MPH. Email oluchyorie@yahoo.com
Machine Learning-Driven Prognostic Analysis of Cuproptosis and Disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Step Towards Precision Oncology
Authors: Chen Ronghui , Wu Jun , Che Yinwei , Jiao Yuzhuo , Sun Huashan , Zhao Yinuo , Chen Pingping , Meng Lingxin , Zhao Tao
Published: November 2023

Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most prevalent type of kidney malignancy, is noted for its high fatality rate, underscoring the imperative for reliable diagnostic and prognostic indicators. The mechanisms of cell death, cuproptosis and disulfidptosis, recently identified, along with the variable expression of associated genes and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have been linked to the progression of cancer and resistance to treatment. The objective of this research is to delineate the functions of lncRNAs associated with cuproptosis and disulfidptosis (CDRLRs) in ccRCC, thereby enhancing the precision of prognostic evaluations and contributing to the development of targeted therapeutic approaches.
Methods
We applied the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis to construct a prognostic signature from a set of CDRLRs. The data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was segmented into high and low-risk groups based on median risk scores from the signature, to investigate their prognostic disparities.
Results
The derived signature, which includes four CDRLRs—ACVR2B-AS1, AC095055.1, AL161782.1, and MANEA-DT—was confirmed to be predictive for ccRCC patient outcomes, as evidenced by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis. The prognostic model enabled the graphical prediction of 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates for ccRCC patients, with calibration plots affirming the concordance between anticipated and observed survival rates. Additionally, the study assessed tumor mutation burden (TMB) and the immune microenvironment (TME) using oncoPredict and Immunophenoscore (IPS) algorithms, uncovering that patients in the high-risk group presented with increased TMB and distinctive TME profiles, which may influence their response to targeted and immune therapies. Notably, marked differences in the sensitivity to anticancer drugs were observed between the risk groups.
Conclusion
This investigation introduces a prognostic signature comprising cuproptosis and disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs as a viable biomarker for ccRCC. Beyond enhancing prognostic accuracy, this signature holds the promise for steering personalized treatments, thereby advancing precision oncology for ccRCC. However, it is imperative to pursue further clinical validation to adopt these insights into clinical practice.
Fiber morphological characteristics of bamboo Ferrocabamus strictus culms from different geographical distribution regions
Authors: Zheng Xiaofeng , Xu Rui , Zhou Ziteng , Wang Jiamin , Zhan Hui , Wang Changming
Published: November 2023

The fiber index including fiber length, width, wall thickness and lumen diameter of Ferrocalamus strictus culms (1, 2, and ≥ 3 years) from Jinping, Mojiang and Lvchun counties of Yunnan Province was determined and the elemental content of the soil was also determined to analyze the influence of the culm age and height and soil content on the fiber characteristics. The average relative fiber index measured for F. strictus culms were fiber length (1.30 mm), width (21.57 µm), slenderness ratio (60.79 µm), wall thickness (4.21 µm), lumen diameter (7.22 µm), and runkel ratio (1.22 µm), which belonged to the range of middle and long fibers. The fiber length increased with the culm age. The proportion of long fiber increased while short fibers decreased along with culm maturing. The fiber morphology did not show a specific trend with the culm height. Fiber length reached the maximum in the bottom portions of the culms. There is a correlation between fiber morphology and soil elements, the content of organic matter, total potassium, total sulfur, total aluminum, total zinc, total iron, total boron, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen amd available silicon in the soil affects fiber morphology. The content of organic matter, total boron, available potassium and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the soil from Mojiang County was largest. Comparatively, the culm fiber in Mojiang County had the best fiber index performance for utilization, since the greatest proportion of medium and long fibers and the optimal distribution of fiber length frequency was obtained from the culms in Mojiang County. This study can provide a theoretical basis for large-scale bamboo forest cultivation and the development and utilization of bamboo culm fiber.
Aesthetic Chills Mitigate Maladaptive Cognition In Depression
Authors: Schoeller Felix , Jain Abhinandan , Adrien Vladimir , Maes Pattie , Reggente Nicco
Published: November 2023

Background
Depression is a major global health challenge, affecting over 300 million people worldwide. Current pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions have limited efficacy, underscoring the need for novel approaches. Emerging evidence suggests that peak emotional experiences characterized by awe, transcendence, and meaning hold promise for rapidly shifting maladaptive cognitive patterns in depression. Aesthetic chills, a peak positive emotion characterized by physical sensations such as shivers and goosebumps, may influence reward-related neural pathways and hold promise for modifying core maladaptive beliefs rooted in early adverse experiences.
Methods
We enrolled 96 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder. A validated database of multimedia known to elicit chills responses (ChillsDB) was used for stimulus presentation. Participants' emotional responses were assessed using the Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI), while shifts in self-schema were measured via the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ).
Results
The study found that chill-inducing stimuli have the potential to positively influence the core schema of individuals with depression, impacting areas of self-related beliefs. The associated phenomenology triggered by chills appears to share similarities with the altered states of consciousness induced by psychedelic substances like psilocybin.
Conclusions
These preliminary results suggest that the biological processes involved in aesthetic chills could be harnessed as a non-pharmacological intervention for depression. However, further investigation is necessary to comprehensively understand the neurophysiological responses to chills and to evaluate the practicality, effectiveness, and safety of utilizing aesthetic chills as a preventive measure in mental health care.
Chronic iodine intake excess damages the structure of articular cartilage and epiphyseal growth plate
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhao Xin , Shan Le , Liu Miao , Zhang Zixuan , Wang Zeji , Zhang Xinbao , Meng Haohao , Song Yan , Zhang Wanqi , Sang Zhongna
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to explore the influence of excess iodine on the articularcartilage and epiphyseal growth plate in rats. Wistar rats (n=200) were randomly divided into five groups with 40 rats in each: normal iodine (NI), 5-fold high iodine group (5HI), 10-fold high iodine group (10HI),50-fold high iodine group (50HI), 100-fold high iodine group (100HI). The rats were executed in 6 and 12 months. 24-hour urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was monitored by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry. The chemiluminescence method was used to determine the thyroid function. The pathological changes in the epiphyseal plate, articular cartilage, and thickness of the epiphyseal plate were observed. The mRNA expression of Collagen II (ColII), Collagen X, matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 in articular chondrocytes was detected by RT-PCR. 24-h UIC increased as iodine intake increased. In the 12th month, there were a significant increase in serum sTSH and a decrease in serum FT4 in HI groups, compared to the NI group. There was a decrease in the number of proliferating cells in the epiphyseal plate and an increase in the number of mast cell layers. The chondrocytes appeared disorganized and the tidal lines were disturbed or even broken. Growth plate thickness decreased with increasing iodine intake. Compared with the NI group, ColII and MMP-13 mRNA expression in chondrocytes in all HI groups significantly increased. Chronic iodine overdose increases the risk of hypothyroidism, which leads to abnormal morphology of epiphyseal growth plates and articular cartilage, increasing the risk of osteoarthritis.
Causal Relationship between Immune Cells and Gynecological Cancers through Bidirectional and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Analyses
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Lu Yangyuxiao , Wang Xuanyu , He Keren , Fang Mengqi , Xu Jiabao , Xu Ye , Tao Fangfang , Lü Ping
Published: November 2023

Background: Evidence suggests potential associations between gynecological malignancies and various immune cell chemicals and systems. However, establishing a causal relationship remains uncertain, as a comprehensive investigation into their interplay has yet to be undertaken.
Methods: We conducted a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to assess the potential link between immune cell traits and the risk of gynecological cancers, aiming to identify relevant factor. This work employed the inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) for multiple SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) or Wald ratio for one SNP to ascertain the causal association between exposure and outcome by utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on 731 immunophenotypes and gynecologic malignancies. Bidirectional two-sample MR and multivariable MR analyses were conducted to illustrate the causality. In addition, we use sensitivity analyses for assessment of the robustness of the results and colocalization for further validation.
Results: In IVW analysis, increases in relative counts of circulating CD11c+ HLA-DR++ monocyte was associated with an elevated risk of breast cancer (OR [95% CI], 1.1295 [1.0632-1.2000], P = 8.044 × 10-5), while elevated levels of HLA-DR on plasmacytoid DC and HLA-DR on DC cell were protective against breast cancer (OR [95% CI], 0.9541 [0.9324-0.9762], P = 5.876 × 10-5) (OR [95% CI], 0.9414, [0.9188-0.9646], P = 1.101 × 10-6). In addition, cell counts of CD39+ resting Treg and CD28+ CD45RA- CD8+ T cell were also shown to be causally associated with the development of ovarian and cervical cancer, respectively. Colocalization analysis showed the lead SNP, rs780094, suggesting HLA-DR GWAS shared a common genetic mechanism with breast cancer.
Conclusions: We identified a significant causal relationship between multiple immunophenotypes and breast cancer. Circulating immunophenotypes suggestive of breast cancer development can provide us with a basis for forecasting and predicting cancer.
Altered Regional Spontaneous Brain Activity and Default Mode Network Functional Connectivity in Herpes Zoster-related Pain Patients with High Anxiety
Authors: Zhou Li , Liu Qianhan , Liu Shengdan , Lu Xiaofei , Li Qian , He Yue , Ren Changhe , Chen Guangxiang
Published: November 2023

Pain and psychological disorders are two common symptom clusters in patients with herpes zoster-related pain (HZ-RP). Numerous neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormal brain structure and function in patients with HZ-RP. However, very few studies have focused on the functional characteristics of the brain in HZ-RP patients with different levels of anxiety. Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) were compared between HZ-RP patients with high anxiety (HZ-RP with HA n = 25) and HZ-RP patients with low anxiety (HZ-RP with LA, n = 26). Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the impact of clinical characteristics on the significant abnormalities, and moderation analysis was used to examine the interaction between pain and anxiety. The two groups showed significant differences in regional spontaneous brain activity in the right Rolandic operculum (RO), left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and right precentral gyrus (PrCG). The left anterior prefrontal cortex showed significantly decreased FC with the left medial superior frontal gyrus while the left occipital cortex showed increased FC with the right fusiform, right MTG and left precuneus in the HZ-RP with HA group compared with that in the LA group. The degree of pain and anxiety contributed to explaining the variance in the fALFF of the right RO. However, the abnormal ReHo in the right PrCG was solely related to the degree of anxiety. The abnormal brain dysfunctional pattern may be an indicator of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms linking HZ-RP and anxiety. The right PrCG plays a vital role in regulating anxiety in HZ-RP patients.
One-hole split endoscope versus unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar spinal stenosis: a retrospective propensity score study
Authors: Li Tusheng , Jiang Qiang , Zhu Tengyue , Lu Zhengcao , Ding Yu
Published: November 2023

Background
The one-hole split endoscopy (OSE) was first proposed and clinically applied in China in 2019. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of a one-hole split endoscopy (OSE) and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) for treating lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).
Methods
One hundred sixty patients with LSS who met the inclusion from November 2020 to August 2022 were analyzed and divided into OSE and UBE groups. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to adjust the imbalanced confounding variables between the two groups. After matching, surgical outcomes were recorded, and clinical data, including functional scores and imaging findings, were compared. Functional scores included the visual analog scale of leg pain (VAS-LP) and back pain (VAS-BP), the Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA), and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Imaging data included dural sac cross-sectional area (DCSA), lumbar range of motion (ROM), and sagittal translation (ST).
Results
After PSM, 104 LSS patients were included in the study, and all covariates were well-balanced between the two groups. Among the matched patients, the OSE showed advantages over the UBE regarding operative time (62.42 ± 4.86 vs. 68.96 ± 4.56) and incision length (2.30 ± 0.14 vs. 2.70 ± 0.15) (P < 0.001). However, differences between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss, hospital length of stay, and complication rates were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference regarding VAS-BP, VAS-LP, JOA, and ODI between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, all clinical and functional scores significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.05). Postoperative DCSA of both groups was significantly found to be improved (P < 0.05), ROM and ST remained within the normal range, and no cases of lumbar instability were recorded. According to the modified MacNab criteria, the excellent and reasonable rates in the OSE and UBE groups were 94.23% and 90.38%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.713).
Conclusion
Both OSE and UBE techniques for lumbar spinal stenosis provide satisfactory clinical outcomes. However, the OSE seems superior to the UBE technique regarding operation time and incision length.
MiR-493-3p inhibits proliferation and promotes differentiation of porcine muscle satellite cells through MKK7/JNK axis
Authors: Wu Lingling , Wang Zhaolu , Sun Xiaohui , Yang Jinjin , Jin Jianjun , Yang gongshe , Shi Xin’e
Published: November 2023

Background Skeletal muscle is one of the primary productions in pig industry, and the myogenesis represents one of the main economic traits of pig. MicroRNA (miRNA) plays critical roles in myogenesis of porcine, however, there are a large number of miRNAs that have not been studied in regulating myogenesis. Here, the effects of miR-493-3p on porcine myogenesis was examined. Results The miR-493-3p is strongly enriched in skeletal muscle, especially in the slow-twitch muscle fibers soleus. We further demonstrated that miR-493-3p significantly inhibits the proliferation of porcine primary muscle satellite cells (MSCs). In contrast, miR-493-3p significantly promotes the differentiation of porcine primary MSCs. Mechanistically, bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase assay results show that the MAP kinase kinase 7 (MKK7) is a direct target of miR-493-3p. Moreover, miR-493-3p inhibits MKK7 expression, leading to the decreased phosphorylated level of JNK (p-JNK), thus regulate myogenesis. Conclusions Overall, these findings suggest that miR-493-3p inhibits proliferation and promotes differentiation of porcine MSCs via inhibiting MKK7/JNK axis. These finding helps to understand the development network of skeletal muscle regulated by miRNA, and provides a theoretical basis for improving pork production.
Acquisition and synchronisation of cardiography signals from a clinical patient monitor with facial video recordings
Authors: Meher Jagmohan , Wang Chien-Chih , Nordling Torbjörn E. M.
Published: November 2023

A far too frequent practical challenge in clinical informatics research and method development for acquiring vital signs is the extraction and synchronisation of signals from proprietary devices for the clinical monitoring of patients. In an ongoing study evaluating methods for video-based remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), we needed to extract ground truth values of electrocardiogram (ECG) and pulse oximetry (SpO2) signals from the Philips vitals monitor while recording the facial video of the subject, simultaneously. This ground truth data will be used to train the model that will perform rPPG. Various software can extract data from the Philips vitals monitor with features like data acquisition, parsing, and visualisation, but they lack synchronisation with the facial video. Therefore, we developed the Patient Monitor Data Extractor (PMDE), which collects data from the Philips IntelliVue monitors following the Data export interface programming guide provided by Philips. We set up a DHCP server on a Windows 7 computer with a webcam and interfaced with the monitor through LAN with UDP/IP. We used C++ and Windows Sockets API to develop our software and communicate over UDP. For synchronisation with the video cameras, we turned off the light in the room and used this sudden brightness drop as a trigger. The timestamp of the monitor was recorded when the webcam detected the trigger. The PMDE software records ECG at 500 Hz and SpO2 at 125 Hz with a synchronisation error of less than two sampling periods, which is about 40 ms for a 50 fps video. We conclude that PMDE is uniquely suited for recording data for rPPG evaluation because of its synchronisation feature. We have used PMDE to collect a dataset of facial videos with ground truth ECG and SpO2 signals. We intend to make PMDE available as open source to save other researchers time.
Governing COVID-19: The Complex Relationship Between Government Type and Police Enforcement
Authors: Bohloli Hamid , Shokri Azad , Khah Fahimeh Rabbani
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most significant challenges to global health and economic and social aspects. This disease has spread to millions of people and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic not only posed unprecedented and unforeseen challenges to public health systems in the early 21st century but also created a set of challenges for police departments and law enforcement agencies worldwide.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review to map the existing literature on the relationship between government type and police enforcement in controlling COVID-19. We searched electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We included studies that were conducted in countries with different types of governance and published data on their police deployment in controlling COVID-19. We identified 18 countries that met our inclusion criteria. We used a four-quadrant composition model to plot the countries based on their government type and the extent of police deployment. We found a complex relationship among government type, police enforcement, and COVID-19 control.
Results: Based on the studies conducted and the literature review on the subject in various parts of the world, the four-zone model (Governance Policing Types - GPT) is proposed in accordance with the type of governance and the extent of police use in controlling COVID-19. This model indicates a clear relationship between the type of government and the extent of police use in controlling epidemiological crises. Research findings suggest that in pandemic emergencies, the type of governance and effective response of the police can keep individuals away from potential risks and ensure public safety and well-being.
Conclusion: Governance quality and police involvement are essential in managing pandemics; however, a balanced approach is needed to protect both public health and individual rights. Democratic countries generally have better decision quality, but authoritarian countries can make decisions more quickly. Countries that combined both quality and speed of decision-making achieved exceptional results. More research is needed to understand the long-term effects of different pandemic management strategies.
The cost-effectiveness of early COVID-19 detection using AI embedded wearable devices: Evidence from the COVID-RED Trial.
Authors: Korkmaz Serkan , Hansen Paul Lynggaard , Kjellberg Jakob
Published: November 2023

Trial Design: Randomized single-blinded two-period, two-sequence, crossover trial.
Methods
Objectives
Participants All residents of the Netherlands above 18 years of age who reads, understands and writes dutch. All eligible study participants who owns a smartphone, were recruited during the first quarter of 2021
Interventions All study participants recieved a bracelet which based on the dutch COVID-19 guidelines (control group), or the embedded AI (intervention group), warns the wearer of a possible COVID-19 infection.
Objective Estimate the time-difference in COVID-19 detection using AI, and the dutch COVID-19 guidelines.
Outcomes The incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) to assess the costeffectiveness of using AI embedded bracelets.
Results
Number randomised 17,825 eligible study participants were randomized to the intervention group (N = 8,915) and control group (N = 8,910)
Recruitment The trial has ended, and is currently being studied.
Number analysed 2,952 and 2884 study participants opted out from the study in the intervention and control group respectively. The number of analysed study participants is 5,963 and 6,026 respectively.
Outcome COVID-19 can be detected 2 days earlier using AI embedded bracelets, than following the dutch COVID-19 guidelines. This comes at an additional cost of 0.85 e. The ICER is -0.42 (-0.47, -0.38) e.
Conclusions
COVID-19 can be detected 2 days earlier using AI embedded bracelets and comes at a low additional cost per study participant.
Trial registration Dutch Trial Register, NL930. Registered February 18, 2021, https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en/trial/23180
Funding Innovative Medicines Initiative (https://www.imi.europa.eu) 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 101005177.
Differential gene expression analysis reveals common biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wang Rongzi , Liu Juncheng , Zhang Tingting , Yao Siyu , Zhu Tingting , Yang Qichong , Ge Junbo , An Songtao
Published: November 2023

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), increasing the chances of experiencing blood clotting events and unforeseen mortality. As the underlying mechanism of SLE companied with AF is still unknown, this study sought to uncover potential biomarkers that could be of significant value for individuals dealing with SLE and AF, employing thorough bioinformatics research as the primary approach.
Methods
The NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) was employed to retrieve a collection of five microarray datasets (GSE50772, GSE41177, GSE79768, GSE81622, and GSE2240). By employing the online analytical tool GEO2R, we conducted an analysis of GSE50772 to pinpoint genes that exhibited differential expression. Significant module genes were discovered by WGCNA (weighted gene co-expression network analysis). To identify DEGs in AF, the 'Limma' package was utilized. Function of the common DEGs was found by functional enrichment analysis. The candidate biomarkers were discovered by applying a machine learning technique. The investigation involved the utilization of Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) scores to perform functional enrichment analysis on the identified candidate biomarkers. To predict the risk of AF in individuals with SLE, a nomogram and a ROC curve were created. The analysis focused on examining the presence of immune cells infiltrating the training datasets of SLE and AF, while also conducting a consensus cluster analysis specifically for SLE.
Results
29 common DEGs were identified between SLE and AF. The identification and utilization of five potential biomarkers-ANKRD36B, SLC4A4, ANKRD12, MTUS1 and DSC1-led to the creation of a nomogram with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.900-0.981 across all datasets. The dysregulated immune cell infiltration was associated with the biomarkers. Based on the consensus clustering analysis, it was concluded that three subtypes were the most suitable in terms of quantity. The biomarkers exhibited different expression patterns among the subtypes. Regarding immunological infiltration, each subtype possessed unique traits.
Conclusion
By employing various bioinformatics research approaches and machine learning techniques, our study identified five candidate biomarkers (ANKRD36B, SLC4A4, ANKRD12, MTUS1, DSC1). Additionally, a nomogram capable of predicting the likelihood of both SLE and AF was developed. The results of our study provide a foundation for future investigations on potential important genes for AF in individuals with SLE. Moreover, it was discovered that AF and SLE exhibited abnormal compositions of immune cells.
Effects of different hinge positions and coronal correction angle on tibial rotation in uniplanar medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with three-dimensional tibial models
Authors: Jing Lizhong , Chen Yanrong , Wang Weiguo , Zhang Xia , Yang Jiushan , Wang Jian
Published: November 2023

Purpose: There is a lack of studies investigating the distal tibial rotation (DTR) during medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impacts of different hinge positions in the sagittal and axial planes and coronal correction angle on the axial rotation of tibia in uniplanar MOWHTO with three-dimensional tibial models.
Methods: Preoperative CT data from 30 knee joints in 30 patients who underwent surgery for varus malalignment of knee were included. 1 standard hinge position (0°), 6 axial planes (±5°, ±10°, ±15°), and 6 sagittal planes (±5°, ±10°, ±15°) hinge positions were defined and virtual osteotomy was performed. The correction angle of each model was generated using Fujisawa’s point. The correction angle, preoperative medial proximal tibial angle, and DTR were measured.
Results: A significant linear correlation was observed between changes in hinge position in the sagittal plane and DTR. The changes in DTR were the smallest when the hinge position was at 5°, where internal or external rotation of the DTR may occur. When the front aspect of hinge axis rotated distally, DTR tended towards internal. Meanwhile, when the front aspect of hinge axis rotated proximally, DTR tended towards external. There were no correlations with every hinge axis position in the axial plane. There were linear correlations between the correction angle and DTR in varying degrees dependent on different hinge positions.
Conclusions: Both hinge position and coronal correction angle resulted in tibial rotation in uniplanar MOWHTO. In the sagittal plane, every change in hinge position was significantly linearly correlated with tibial rotation. However, no linear correlations were observed between every hinge position change in the axial plane. In addition, there were linear correlations between the coronal correction angle and tibial rotation in varying degrees dependent on the different hinge positions.
Research on landscape quality evaluations of rural roads using computer vision
Authors: Shen Zhigang , Tang Xiangong , He Xunyang , Wang Kelin
Published: November 2023

Rural roads are important channels connecting residents' lives and production, and their landscape quality affects the appearance of local villages. However, few existing rural studies have investigated rural road landscapes, and there is a lack of a quantitative interpretation system for the visual quality of landscapes. This study aimed to use a set of images to train a semantic segmentation model for rural road landscapes based on computer vision technology, and establish a quantifiable landscape-feature index system. The physical features of a landscape were extracted from panoramic photos of Chunhua Village in Changsha City, Hunan Province, using a semantic image segmentation algorithm, and the relationship between the quantified landscape features and visual perception was explored using multiple linear regression models. It was found that the trained semantic segmentation model of rural-community street-landscape images reached an accuracy of 0.83. The results of the linear regression model showed that the green vision index (GVI), farmland visibility index (FVI), building density index (BDI), and road width index (RWI) had significant effects on visual perception. The GVI and FVI were positively correlated, while the BD and RWI were negatively correlated. In the planning of rural road landscapes, emphasis should be placed on improving the proportion and quality of the natural landscape, and it is necessary to weigh the practicality and appreciation of man-made landscape elements. Finally, this paper provides a research method based on computer vision technology for the study of rural road landscapes, and provides a reference for the quantitative analysis of large-scale rural landscapes.
Growth-dependent Cr(VI) reduction by Alteromonas sp. under haloalkaline conditions: toxicity, removal mechanism and effect of heavy metals
Authors: Reddy G. Kiran Kumar , Kavibharathi K. , Singh Anuroop , Nancharaiah Y. V.
Published: November 2023

Bacterial reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) is a sustainable bioremediation approach. However, Cr(VI) by bacteria is severely impeded by Cr(VI) toxicity and complex environmental conditions like salt, alkaline pH and heavy metals. Hence, there is a need for Cr(VI) reducing bacteria to thrive as well as to metabolize under complex conditions. This study investigated Cr(VI) reduction, toxicity and removal mechanisms under complex conditions using an Alteromonas sp. isolated from the aerobic granular sludge cultivated from seawater-borne microorganisms. Rapid and complete removal of 100 mg/L Cr(VI) was achieved within 24 h under haloalkaline conditions (salinity: 3.5 to 7.5; pH 8 to 11). This strain exhibited high tolerance to heavy metals under haloalkaline conditions and reduced 100 mg/l Cr(VI) within 24 h in the presence of 100 mg/L As(V), 100 mg/L Pb(II), 50 mg/L Cu(II) or 5 mg/L Cd(II). The toxicity of Cr(VI) on the bacterial cells was evident by the increased reactive oxygen species levels and inhibition of esterase activity. Regardless of Cr(VI) toxicity, the cells grew and efficiently reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The bacterial Cr(VI) reduction was strongly dependent on the growth, necessitating actively growing cells and growth medium. While, resting cells and spent medium barely contributed to Cr(VI) reduction. The biochemical assays revealed efficient Cr(VI) reduction using a cytosolic protein fraction from Alteromonas sp. and an exogenous reducing agent (e.g., NADPH). This study demonstrates an efficient Cr(VI) reduction system for potential Cr(VI) bioremediation applications under complex conditions including extreme haloalkaline conditions and toxic heavy metals.
Analytical solution to the simultaneous Michaelis-Menten and second-order kinetics problem
Authors: Paz Alejandro Perez
Published: November 2023

An analytic solution is presented for the simultaneous substrate elimination problem that combines Michaelis-Menten (MM) consumption with an irreversible second-order kinetics process.The implicit solution involves logarithm and inverse tangent functions and perfectly agrees with the numerical solution of the differential equation. A solution is also presented for the generalized dynamical problem that simultaneously combines MM kinetics with first and second-order processes.Useful exact expressions such as the half-life and the area under the curve are also derived for these problems.
A spatial nonlinear mathematical model of malaria transmission dynamics using vector control strategies
Authors: Alhassan C. J. , Achema K. O.
Published: November 2023

Malaria is one of the serious life-threatening diseases with negative effects on both the social and economic aspects of human life. Researching into its curtailment or eradication is necessary for elevating human health and social-economic status. In this regard, this study focuses on the spatial nonlinear mathematical model to investigate how vector control strategies are correlated with the dynamics of malaria transmission. The study employs a nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDE) mathematical model to investigate malaria transmission. The model system incorporates human (host), mosquito (vector), and invasive alien plant populations. Some applicable epidemiological mathematical analyses were carried out on the model system, such as critical points, stability, the basic reproduction number, local asymptotic stability (LAS), bifurcation, global asymptotic stability (GAS), wave speed, and numerical analyses using relevant data were extensively analysed. Using the sharp threshold conditions imposed on the basic reproduction number, we were able to show that the model exhibited the backward bifurcation phenomenon and the DFE was shown to be globally asymptotic stable (GAS) under certain conditions. It was found that the invasive alien plants have significant effects on malaria transmission. This study suggests that mosquito repellent plants should be planted around the human environment to replace the invasive plants so as to reduce mosquito shelters and feeding opportunities for mosquitoes.
CHF Enhancement by γ-Fe2O3 Nanofluids with Pool Boiling condition on a Downward Facing Plane
Authors: Cai Xintian , Hsieh Huai-En , Zhang Zhibo , Wang Saikun , Wang Shiqi
Published: November 2023

Nanofluids have been widely used in many engineering fields because of their excellent properties, and can be effectively used for cooling electronic equipment and improving energy efficiency. In this study, the heat transfer performance of γ-Fe2O3 nanofluid was investigated. The particle size used in the experiment is about 20 nm, it can be found by X-ray diffraction (XRD) that it is consistent with the characteristic peak and no other impurities. Nanofluids with different concentrations were configured through a two-step method. Since the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle are not easily dispersed, the ultrasonic time is relatively long. After a series of experiments and data processing, we can see that nanofluids have the best heat transfer performance at 0.07 g/L. Compared to reverse osmosis (R·O) water case, the enhancement of critical heat flux (CHF) is about 34.09%, and the heat transfer coefficient enhancement is about 49.32%. The movement of bubbles during the experiment is recorded and analyzed. Compared with R·O water case, the bubbles are larger and fewer in the nanofluid case, and what’s more, the bubble movement is relatively intense. The heating surface was characterized after the experiment, and it was found that the wettability of the heating surface was changed, and the roughness of the heating surface decreased. SEM shows that the deposition of nanoparticles on the heating surface is the main cause of CHF enhancement. When the concentration is 0.08 g/L, CHF decreases, mainly because the excessive deposition of nanoparticles increases the thermal resistance of the heating surface and leads to the deterioration of the heat transfer.
Suppression of Harmonics in Asynchronous Generator fed WES with STATCOM
Authors: Yarlagadda Venu , Alekhya Nuthalapati
Published: November 2023

In Recent era of modern age integrates the green energy into the power grid which brings the plenty of advantages in the power generation. Wind plant was designed and with Asynchronous Generator with self excitation equipped with a STATCOM, which is designed for the suppression of Harmonics. FFT and THD analysis have been made for both R type and RL type loads comprising of both constant power and constant impedance loads with wide load disturbances. For both of these load scenarios of R and RL type FFT and THD analysis have been presented with waveforms, tabular forms and bar graphs for both without and with power quality compensators. These results proven the significant improvement in the suppression of harmonics, the THD value with power quality compensator is tremendously reduced to very low value which is highly acceptable according to IEEE standards.
Genetic Polymorphisms and Tacrolimus Dose Requirements: Potential Implications for Ghanaian patients with End-stage renal disease
Authors: Kwakyi Edward , Nartey Edmund Tetteh , Otabil Michael Kobina , Asiedu-Gyekye Isaac , Ahorhorlu Samuel Yao , Bioma Vincent , Kudzi William
Published: November 2023

Background: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is an irreversible damage of a person’s kidney which could be fatal. However, because transplants may trigger an immune response with potential organ rejection, immunosuppressants such as tacrolimus dosing is required.
Objective: To determine genetic polymorphisms in CYP3A5, CYP3A4 and MDR1 genes of Ghanaian patients with ESRD that could affect tacrolimus dose requirements.
Method: This cross-sectional study comprised of 87 ESRD patients. Clinical and demographic data were collected and genomic DNA isolated. Samples were genotyped for specific SNPs using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and analyzed against tacrolimus dose and trough levels of transplant recipients.
Results: Four, 4/87 (4.6%) patients harbored the homozygous CYP3A5*3 (6986A˃G) and 69/87 (79.31%) patients carried the homozygous CYP3A4*1B (-290A˃G), 4 of these were transplant recipients. One, 1/87 (1.15%) patient had the heterozygous MDR1_Ex21 (2677G˃T and another one 1/87 (1.15%) had the homozygous MDR1_Ex26 (3435C˃T). Four transplant recipients with the homozygous mutant CYP3A4*1B/*1B had significantly lower tacrolimus trough levels (average 5.95± 1.8ng/ml) compared with that required by a fifth transplant recipient with the heterozygous genotype (10.3ng/ml).
Conclusion
Most participants with ESRD harbored SNPs of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 that could affect tacrolimus dose requirement in potential transplant recipients.
The option of transosseous distal suture placement during minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair for high-risk patients can improve outcomes, however does not prevent re-rupture
Authors: Carmont Michael R. , Nilsson-Helander Katarina , Carling Malin
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Achilles tendon ruptures (ATRs) close to the insertion, in high-level athletes, and in patients at high risk of re-rupture, may be better suited to operative repair. Minimally Invasive Repair (MIR) of the Achilles tendon has excellent outcome and low complication rates. Traditionally MIR has showed lower repair strength, failing due to suture pull-out from the distal tendon stump. The aim of this study was to describe the outcome of ATR patients who received transosseous distal suture placement using a standard technique as a reference.
Methods:
Following ATR, patients were evaluated for pre-injury activity level, body weight,
location of the tear and size of the distal Achilles tendon stump. Patients considered to be at high-risk of re-rupture: Tegner level ≥8, body weight ≥105Kg and distal ATR, received transosseous (TO) distal suture placement (n=20) rather than the usual transtendinous (TT) technique (n=55). Patient reported outcome measures and functional evaluation was performed at 12 months following repair.
Results:
At 12 months follow up both methods resulted in good median (IQR) Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score TO 83.8 (74-88.3) vs. TT 90 (79-94), low increased relative Achilles Tendon Resting Angle TO -3.5˚ (3.6) vs. TT -3.5˚ (3.3) and mean (SD) Single leg Heel-Rise Height Index TO 88.2% (9.9) vs. TT 85.6% (9.9) (n.s.). There were 4 re-ruptures in the high-risk group and 2 in the group receiving TT distal suture placement. All but one of these were traumatic in nature. The mode of failure following TO distal suture placement was proximal suture pull out.
Conclusions:
The option of TO distal suture placement during minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair for high-risk patients can improve outcomes, however this technique did not prevent re-rupture. There may be factors that have greater influence on outcome other than suture placement following ATR.