bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Мин улсын Юунлө хаан Монголыг дайлаар таван удаа мордсон тухайд
Authors: D. Undrakh , I. Chinbat
Published: March 2023

Ming-Mongolian relations count more than a dozen battles and border conflicts, including five battles during the twenty-five years reign of the emperor Yong Le. All the battles took place in Mongolian territories and exceptionally the emperor personally led his troops into battle. There are no abundance of sources on those military campaigns, however, the written accounts of those in 1410, 1414 and 1424 by advisors Jin Yaozi and Yang Rong are in the record. This article, produced on the basis of the available sources, narrates/examines in detail about emperor Yong Le led five military campaigns worth for analysis of war and military interaction in detail.
The risks of sustainable business strategies: Do sustainable business approaches change company risks?
Authors:   Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Finance & Accountancy, The Netherlands, Snippe Linda , Bossert Hans ,   Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Finance & Accountancy, The Netherlands
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE: The aim of this research is to link sustainability strategies with risk management. DESIGN/METHOD: 33 unique cases were used for the data analysis. Using the cases, the researchers built a database to operationalise the theoretical framework. This database contains data on general characteristics of an organisation, strategic characteristics (mission, vision, value proposition, core values from the Balanced Score Card categories, strategic goals), strategy characteristics of the sustainability strategies, the 17 sustainability goals of the UN, risks (strategic, financial, operational) and control measures appropriate to the risks. RESULTS/FINDINGS: The first sub-question: Which risks at a strategic, financial, and operational level differ in organisations that pursue SDG 3 Good health and wellbeing, SDG 8 Decent work and economic growth and/or SDG 12 Responsible consumption and production, or do not pursue sustainability goals? It can be answered that sustainable values lead to different risks at strategic and financial levels, but not on an operational level. The second sub-question: Which risks on a strategic, financial, and operational level differ in organisations that pursue the sustainability strategy (Retain product ownership, Product life extension and/or Design for recycling) or do not pursue a sustainability strategy? It can be answered in a similar way as the first research question: that apparently sustainable strategies lead to different risks at strategic and financial levels, but not on an operational level. Operational risks were found but did not change in case of the sustainable strategy. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Researchers have investigated whether pursuing the sustainability strategy (part 1) or contributing to the achievement of SDGs (part 2) by an organisation causes a change in strategic, financial and/or operational risks. Patterns were sought, not the magnitude of a change, because of the number of cases examined. KEYWORDS: risk management, sustainable, business model, case study, added value. JEL: A12, A13, D7, D70
Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa Tataran Morfologi pada Takarir Instagram Universitas Negeri Semarang Edisi Bulan Oktober 2022
Authors: Aspriyanti Legi , Wulan Andi Naga , Baehaqie Imam , Rustono Rustono
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penulisan ini untuk menganalisis kesalahan berbahasa yang berfokus pada tataran morfologi di media sosial Universitas Negeri Semarang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa kesalahan dalam proses morfologis ditakarir media sosial Universitas Negeri Semarang. Kesalahan tersebut terletak pada afiksasi dan penulisan leksem yang tidak sesuai dengan penulisan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar. Tulisan ini hadir sebagai rujukan tambahan agar penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar di media sosial semakin digalakkan.
Estudio del público visitante del Museo de Arte Costarricense, 2019
Authors: Salazar Miranda Adriana , Madrigal Mora Álvaro , Delgado Ballestero Antonio
Published: March 2023

Se presenta el perfil del público visitante del Museo de Arte Costarricense, esto con el fin de establecer las características del consumidor cultural del producto museístico. El estudio se realizó, en 2019 y 2020, el Programa Patrimonio, Desarrollo y Sociedad. Este se aborda desde la sociología de la cultura y la museología; y corresponde a un estudio cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo, aplicado a 220 personas visitantes. Se concluye que el público visitante pertenece, en su mayoría, a un sector que cuenta con un alto capital cultural, ya que es instruido y educado, que posee un alto capital económico; dichos capitales crean y reproducen las condiciones de ese grupo social que, previamente, ha interiorizado elementos culturales, educativos y simbólicos que le permiten su visitación y disfrute.
Determinants of local government public service quality: Evidence from the developing economy
Authors: Aryani Y. Anni , Gantyowati Evi , Nurrahmawati An , Arifin Taufiq , Sutaryo Sutaryo
Published: March 2023

Public service delivery in Indonesia has been mandated to local governments following decentralization (Lewis et al., 2020). Due to public criticism, this research investigates public service quality determinants from local politics, head, and financial factors. Using the purposive sampling method, we collect secondary data from the authorized government institutions during 2016–2019, analyzed with panel data regression. The findings demonstrate that the average achievement of public service quality in Indonesia is at a high level with Java and Bali regions having better average accomplishments than other geographic regions. However, there still exist several local governments with medium and even low public service quality that requires urgent improvement. Further, we find that local government women’s political representation in the legislative board, operational expenditure, and capital expenditure positively affect public service quality while other variables exhibit insignificant effects. Our study provides practical implications to the public for public service quality improvement. Firstly, the public should elect accountable candidates with the best qualifications during local elections. Local government should also improve financial management by allocating adequate expenditure budget for public service delivery. Despite still being limited to using quantitative analysis only that can be improved in future studies by employing a mixed method.
Utilization of laboratory-based COVID-19 test results
Authors: Park Jungeun , Cho Sung-Il , Kang Sang-Gu , Kim Jee-Woun , Jung Sunkyung , Lee Sun-Hwa , Han Kyou-Sup , Hwang Seung-Sik
Published: March 2023

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, COVID-19
testing is crucial, as it enables early detection and halting the spread
of infection throughout the community. Real-time reverse-transcriptase
polymerase chain reaction (Real-time RT-PCR) testing is the predominant
method for COVID-19 testing, and the cycle threshold value (Ct value) is
used to determine COVID-19 positivity. There are many ongoing studies
using Ct value, and the present study aims to examine time series
distribution during the pandemic using Ct values at the national level
and analyze the association with time-varying reproduction number (Rt)
to discuss the utilization of laboratory-based COVID-19 test results. We
used Real-time RT-PC results collected by Seegene Medical Foundation
from the index case in Korea in February 2020 to January 2022 in Korea.
The distribution of daily Ct value ( RdRp/S target) was examined,
and it was compared with the daily count of newly diagnosed cases and Rt
to determine the usability of Ct values. Moreover, time lag was applied
to the daily count of newly diagnosed cases to analyze the association
between Ct values and Rt. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Ct values
declined in general, while viral load increased progressively. After Ct
values dropped markedly, the number of newly diagnosed cases rose
substantially, and the association analysis also confirmed that the
daily count of newly diagnosed cases declined with increasing Ct values.
The time series trend of the Ct values was also similar to that of Rt, a
classic marker used as a predictor of the trends of the pandemic, and
when compared to the actual count of newly diagnosed cases, Ct values
can be used to predict new diagnoses earlier than Rt. The fact that the
Ct values were more sensitive to a substantial rise of new COVID-19
cases than Rt was in the early days of the pandemic also support this.
We examined the potential of Ct values as a predictor of new COVID-19
cases in real-time using nationally collected Ct value data. Further, we
proposed the use of Ct values as an index reflecting the degree of viral
load, so the findings of this study can be used as valuable evidence to
support public health decisions for response and resource distribution.
Soil invertebrates are the key drivers of litter decomposition in tropical forests
Authors: Zeng Xiaoyi , Gao Huilin , Wang Runxi , Machjer Bartosz , Woon Joel , Wenda Cheng , Eggleton Paul , Griffiths Hannah , Ashton Louise
Published: March 2023

Forest litter decomposition is an essential component of global carbon
and nutrient turnover. Soil invertebrates play important roles in litter
decomposition, but the regional pattern of their effects is poorly
understood. We examined 476 case studies across 93 sites and performed a
meta-analysis to estimate regional effects of invertebrates on forest
litter decomposition. We then assessed how invertebrate diversity,
climate and soil pH drive regional variations in invertebrate-mediated
decomposition. We found that (1) invertebrate contributions to litter
decomposition are 1.5 times higher in tropical forests than forests
outside the tropics, with an overall contribution of 31% to global
forest litter decomposition; and (2) invertebrate diversity,
particularly of termites, together with warm, humid and acidic
environments in the tropics are positively associated with forest litter
decomposition by soil invertebrates. Our results demonstrate the
significant difference in invertebrate effects on mediating forest
litter decomposition between the tropics and elsewhere. We demonstrate,
also, the significance of termites in driving litter mass loss in the
tropics. These results are particularly pertinent in the tropics where
climate change and human disturbance threaten soil invertebrate
biodiversity and the ecosystem services it provides.
Evolutionary ecology of an obligate and behaviorally manipulating insect- pathogenic fungus, Entomophthora muscae
Authors: Licht Henrik H. De Fine , Edwards Sam , Elya Carolyn
Published: March 2023

Some insect-pathogenic fungi have evolved the ability to behaviorally
manipulate their insect hosts. This has required the fungi to develop
intricate mechanisms of infection, proliferation, and behavioral
hijacking, which has led to speculation that behaviorally manipulating
fungi must only infect a narrow range of hosts. One well-known example
is the insect-pathogenic fungus Entomophthora muscae, which
infects dipterans. Here, we present the different stages of the life
cycle of E. muscae, focusing on the unique adaptations that
allows the fungus to enter and proliferate inside its hosts, the
possible ways it manipulates behavior, how the fungus exits the killed
host to seek new susceptible hosts, and the ecological implications of
these adaptations for determining the host range and intra-specific
variation of E. muscae. We address the biology of E.
muscae from an evolutionary ecology perspective and discuss the
capacity of the fungus for behavioral manipulation within an extended
phenotype framework. We highlight areas where further research is needed
to fully develop E. muscae as a model system for host-pathogen
research, for example to address questions relating to fitness
consequences of an infection.
A rare case of mobile diplopodia mistaken for polydactyly
Authors:   Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK, Woodacre Timothy , Dunkerley Sarah ,   Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK, Cox Peter J. ,   Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
Published: March 2023

We present a rare case of a mobile diplopodia in an infant with disorganization syndrome. This was initially mistaken for polydactyly due to the more typical association between these conditions. The resulting corrective surgery was more extensive and complicated than anticipated, with the removal of a partial foot duplication and reconstruction of residual hindfoot structures, rather than the planned digit amputation. We highlight the association of diplopodia with disorganization syndrome, discuss differentiating diplopodia from polydactyly and describe the surgical management of an unusual case.
Trade Facilitation, Infrastructure, and International Trade in Central Asian Countries
Authors: Karymshakov Kamalbek , Sulaimanova Burulcha
Published: March 2023

This working paper analyzes the impact of infrastructure and trade facilitation on imports and exports in five Central Asian countries and outlines how improving hard and soft infrastructure would help boost regional trade and integration. Focusing on Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, it analyzes how faster border crossing and cargo transport times affect trade flows with neighboring Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) program countries. It recommends Central Asian countries cooperate to diversify transport to include rail, bolster digital infrastructure, and eliminate nontariff obstacles in order to ramp up trade, and better develop infrastructure in the region.
Acquisition of the majority language in Norwegian ECEC: Relating language-learning environment in ECEC to expressive vocabulary
Authors: Hansen Joakim , Eliassen Erik , Hexeberg Romøren Anna Sara , Kleppe Rasmus , Gram Garmann Nina , Bjørnestad Elisabeth
Published: March 2023

Developing proficiency in the language(s) spoken in any given society is crucial for the inclusion and attainment of children in that society. With an enrolment rate in Norwegian early childhood education and care (ECEC) of 93.4% for children between age one and five, ECEC constitutes an important out-of-home learning environment for children in Norway. In this study, we examine how the quality of language-learning environments in toddler and preschool groups predicts children’s expressive vocabulary in the majority language depending on children’s home languages. Data from the quality rating scales ITERS R and ECERS-R were used to model quality factors related to expressive vocabulary in toddler and preschool groups. The sample included 1,078 children (876 children with parents who spoke the majority language exclusively, 104 children with one parent who spoke the majority language and one parent who spoke another language, and 57 children with no majority language speaking parents). The results show that the quality of the language-learning environment in toddler and preschool groups is positively associated with expressive vocabulary in the majority language at age three and five, but only for children whose parents spoke the majority language exclusively.
Identify the Dynamic Position of Moving Vessels using Big Data and Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Mistry Sunit , Suaibia Tasnim , Bin Tareq Rageb Ahsan
Published: March 2023

Recently, various purposes such as computer vision, self-driving vehicles, self-directed shipping, and so on. Therefore, machine learning and deep learning algorithms have demonstrated strong routine. Using machine learning applications, we can implement sophisticated functionality without relying on complex code constructions. An alternative is to train a learning system on a collected training dataset and ensure that it performs as expected. Two main benefits of a deep-learning-based system over a hard-coded one exist. A Reinforcement Learning, and deep learning-based system does not require such complex hard-coded algorithms, which makes it less prone to error and easier to implement. In this study we proposed a deep learning-driven systems are able to adapt to different situations by retraining their algorithms on collected data. Proposed method influenced varying obtain leaning to another example of changing conditions. Systems can adapt even when input distributions change over time.
Paul Tillich on History and Socialism
Authors: Draghici-Vasilescu Elena Ene
Published: March 2023

Paul Tillich believes that the sacred and human history undergo a parallel development, which is ‘punctuated’ from time to time by the ‘breaking’ of the former within the latter during moments of special significance, kairoi; these become “centers” of human history. Such a ‘center’ must not be comprehended either in terms of quantity, or as a midpoint between past and future, or as a particular moment, but as something that makes coherent the manifestation of the Kingdom of God within the human collective existence. One of the understanding the German Theologian has concerning human history is that it is a succession of such ‘centers’. This is an ‘evolutionary’ view within the history of ideas, and a topic I dealt with in my work.
E-Modul IPAS Berbasis Aplikasi Flip Pdf Corporate Untuk Mendukung Implementasi “Kurikulum Merdeka” di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Oktaviani Ira , Desyandri Desyandri
Published: March 2023

This research is motivated by the lack of interest in the teaching materials used in elementary schools. The aim of the research is to produce valid and practical e-modules using Corporate Flip Pdf in supporting the successful implementation of the "Independence Curriculum" in Elementary School classes. This type of research is development research (R&D) with the ADDIE model with the stages of analysis, planning, development, implementation and evaluation. The usefulness of digital modules is validated by validity tests and e-module practicality tests. Validity data sourced from learning material experts 79.09%, media experts 87.99%, language experts 90%, and expert practitioners by "driving teachers" 92%. The average validation score is 87.46% with a very valid category. The practicality test was obtained through a questionnaire given to teachers at 93.75% and students at 97.28%. The average practicality test result is 95.52% in the very practical category. Thus, the results of the study show that the e-module that has been developed using Flip Pdf Corporate is very feasible and practical to use in elementary schools.
COMPARISON OF SOIL ADJUSTED VEGETATION INDEX (SAVI) AND MODIFIED SOIL ADJUSTED VEGETATION INDEX (MSAVI) METHODS TO VIEW VEGETATION DENSITY IN PADANG CITY USING LANDSAT 8 IMAGE
Authors: Novando Gilang , Arif Dian Adhetya
Published: March 2023

This study aims to see how the shape of the vegetation density map uses the SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) and MSAVI (Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) methods in Padang City using remote sensing data in the form of Landsat 8 imagery. This type of research is quantitative using numerical data. and analysis, as well as presenting data in the form of a numerical table to see a comparison of the accuracy of the SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) and MSAVI (Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) methods in Padang City. In this study, it was found that the results of the accuracy test of the SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) method were 86.95% while the MSAVI (Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) method was 91.30%. This research uses the SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) and MSAVI (Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) vegetation index methods by entering the formula that has been determined for each index to find out how the vegetation density forms in the city of Padang. The results of this study are maps of vegetation density using the SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) and MSAVI (Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) methods and tables of SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) and MSAVI (Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) accuracy test results.
INTERPRETATION OF HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF DAMAGE TO RASANG AND LOST SHIP IRRIGATION CHANNEL KOTO TANGAH SUB-DISTRICT, PADANG CITY
Authors: Asri Liza Septi Dhamara , Triyatno Triyatno
Published: March 2023

This type of research is quantitative descriptive, with image interpretation through high-resolution images, and primary data as a source of data obtained through field surveys. The technique for determining informants is Total Sampling. The population in this study are villages in the Koto Tangah District, Padang City. This analysis uses quantitative analysis, namely on-screen digitization using the Arcgis application. Based on the results of research and discussion on High-Resolution Image Interpretation for Identification of Irrigation Channel Damage in Kasang and Kapalo Hilalang, Koto Tangah District, Padang City, the results obtained, namely the identification of irrigation canals using high-resolution imagery produces sufficient data in accordance with the conditions field. Based on the field survey, the condition of the network damage for the Hilalang Headquarters, starting from the weir building to BKH 1 was heavily damaged, BKH 2 to BKH 6 was moderately damaged. Starting from BKH 7 to BKH 8 still has good conditions. While the condition of the Kasang II irrigation canal from the weir to BKD 5 is still in good condition. BKD 6 to BKD 7 is moderately damaged. In contrast to BKD 4, it is in good condition, while parts of BAA 1 to 3 are in moderately damaged condition. The shape of the irrigation image in the city of Padang is tortuous, this is influenced by the topography of the area around the river which consists of community rice fields. The pattern shown in the image of the irrigation canal in the city of Padang is elongated, this shows the flow of the river from the upstream area to the downstream area of ​​the river. The texture that is displayed in the image of the irrigation canal in the city of Padang has a smooth texture. The site shown in the image of the irrigation canal in the city of Padang is side by side with the rice fields belonging to the community in the Koto Tangah District.
СВОДНЫЙ КАТАЛОГ ТОКЕНОВ КАБИНДЫ 1975-2022
Authors: Андреев Антон
Published: March 2023

Каталог содержит подробное описание 116 токенов и 6 сувенирных билетов, выпущенных неофициально под именем Кабинды в 2001-2022.

Каталог адресован профессиональным нумизматам и экзонумистам, любителям коллекционирования монет, исследователям экономики и культуры Анголы и Южной Африки.
Türkiye’de Köy Enstitülerinden Öğretmen Okullarına Geçiş Sürecinde Müfredattaki Yeni Bir Dersi Anlamak: 1953 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programının İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇİYDEM Erol , KAYMAKCI Selahattin
Published: March 2023

Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 1953 yılında hazırlanmış olan Öğretmen Okulları ve Köy Enstitüleri Programında yer alan Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı’nı analiz ederek değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada verilerin analizinde doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Türkiye’de sosyal bilgiler, ilk olarak Öğretmen Okullarında bir ders olarak okutulmuştur. Sosyal bilgiler dersinin Türkiye’deki tarihsel gelişimi hakkında literatürde birçok çalışma yer almaktadır. Ancak bu çalışmaların birçoğunda 1953 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı (SBDÖP) hakkında hiç bilgi verilmemiştir. Bazı çalışmalarda ise program sadece birkaç cümlelik açıklamalarla yer almıştır. Bu anlamda 1953 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı üzerindeki inceleme sosyal bilgiler dersinin tarihsel arka planına ışık tutacaktır. Aynı zamanda böyle bir inceleme Türk eğitim tarihi alanına yeni katkılar sağlayacaktır. Çalışmada tarihsel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Montoneros frente al “Pacto Social”: de la aceptación al rechazo del programa económico-social del tercer gobierno peronista (1973-1974)
Authors: Garrido Pablo Enrique
Published: March 2023

“Pacto Social” es el nombre con el que popularmente se conoció el programa económico-social del tercer gobierno peronista. Se trataba de un esquema estructurado alrededor de instancias de diálogo tripartito con participación de organizaciones corporativas y del Estado, en el que subyacían mecanismos de intercambio político. El presente artículo aborda los desplazamientos de las posturas de Montoneros ante este programa. Estos serán identificados a partir del análisis de las publicaciones y documentos de la organización, las manifestaciones de sus referentes ante la prensa, y otros testimonios de los actores, priorizando las valoraciones económicas, pero atendiendo también a las apreciaciones político-sociales. La hipótesis central de este trabajo es que, lejos de un rechazo total, la organización comenzó este proceso con manifestaciones ambiguas que le permitían apoyar ciertos aspectos económico-políticos, para avanzar luego hacia un rechazo profundo al plan, a partir de la impugnación de los términos de intercambio político que implicaba.
Exudative retinal detachment and optic disc swelling in the course of posterior scleritis: case study and literature review
Authors: Michali Małgorzata , Pławszewski Rafał , Sutor Edyta
Published: March 2023

Objectives: The objective of the present paper is to present a rare case of posterior scleritis with exudative retinal detachment and optic disc oedema.
Materials: The paper discusses a case of a 28-year-old patient with unilateral posterior scleritis, exudative retinal detachment and optic disc oedema. The patient presented with reduced visual acuity and inflammation within his right eyeball coat.
Test results: Upon admission, retinal detachment in all quadrants was diagnosed, with subretinal exudate, choroidal folds, but no pathology involving the anterior segment. B projection ultrasound revealed thickening of the posterior sclera of around 2.0 mm and complete retinal detachment in the right eye. Visual acuity results were OD = 1/50 Sc, OS = 45/50 Sc. Elevated intraocular pressure of the right eye was detected at 44.0 mmHg A CT scan of the orbits with contrast revealed significant asymmetry of the eyeballs (right 22 × 22 mm, left 21 × 21 mm) as well as posterior thickening of the right eyeball coat to 2.0 mm. On top of that, on the second day of the patient’s hospital stay, an ophthalmic exam showed obscured borders of the right optic nerve. Systemic treatment was initiated, comprising steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and intraocular pressure lowering drugs. Additionally, topical treatment was provided with regard to the right eye. A number of laboratory tests were carried out to rule out systemic diseases that could have caused posterior scleritis. After discharge, the patient received follow up care from the hospital’s ophthalmology clinic and remained on topical and systemic steroids. Oral systemic steroid therapy was maintained over a period of a few months, with gradual dose reduction. At follow-up visits, his visual acuity remained stable at OD = 40/50 Sc, OS = 45/50 Sc.
Conclusions: Posterior scleritis is a condition that requires prompt diagnosis and systemic treatment.
Choroidal neovascularization related to melanocytic naevus – a single centre study
Authors: Zwolińska Emilia , Rospond-Kubiak Iwona
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To assess the angiographic and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) features as well as the natural course of the choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with choroidal naevi.
Setting/venue: Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences.
Material and methods: Retrospective chart analysis of the patients who presented to the Ocular Oncology Service in Poznan, Poland between 2011–2021 with the diagnosis of suspicious choroidal naevus. In all patients full ophthalmic examination and multimodal imaging, including fundus photography, autofluorescence, B-ultrasound, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA) and fluorescein angiography (FAF), were performed.
Results: There were 9 lesions in 9 patients, 9 women aged 14–79 years (mean age: 58.2 years). All the lesions were located in the posterior pole and most of them were pigmented (88.9%). CNVs associated with choroidal naevi were type I in 66.7% and type II in 33.3% of cases. 5 patients required treatment: anti-VEGF injection (alone or with transpupillary thermotherapy) was administered. The median follow-up was 24 months (range: 2–145). In two of all treated patients (40%), we observed BCVA gain (2–4 lines), in one patient (20%) it remained stable and in two (40%) it deteriorated. The final visual acuity was below 0.1 only in 1 patient. During the period of observation none of the lesions progressed to uveal melanoma.
Conclusions: CNV associated with choroidal naevus could be the reason for subretinal fluid (SRF) leakage and visual loss. The response to anti-VEGF treatment is satisfactory in the majority of patients. Choroidal naevi with accompanying CNV have none or very low malignant transformation potential.
Przyczyny dyskwalifikacji z operacji laserowej korekcji wzroku
Authors: Kalwa-Grabowska Dominika , Piotrowiak-Słupska Ilona , Kałużny Bartłomiej J.
Published: March 2023

Celem pracy jest ustalenie przyczyn dyskwalifikacji z operacji laserowej korekcji wzroku oraz zestawienie danych dotyczących najczęstszych powodów niezakwalifikowania do zabiegu. Należy dokładnie rozważyć, u jakich pacjentów można go wykonać. Dla osób niezakwalifikowanych do zabiegu istnieje wiele alternatywnych metod korekcji wad wzroku.
Demonstrating the importance of local culture and susceptibility data: antibiograms from dogs at a veterinary tertiary care center
Authors: Leet-Otley Kendall , Fellman Claire L. , Wayne Annie S. , Beaulac Kirthana , DeStefano Ian M. , Chambers Kelly , Marino Kady B. , Doron Shira
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

To create antibiograms for commonly cultured organisms in a small animal tertiary care hospital following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and to compare these local resistance patterns to published first-tier antimicrobial recommendations.

SAMPLE

Urine (n = 429), respiratory (41), and skin (75) isolates cultured from dogs between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020, at the Tufts University Foster Hospital for Small Animals.

PROCEDURES

MIC and susceptibility interpretations were recorded for multiple sites for 2 years. Sites with greater than 30 isolates for at least 1 organism were included. Urinary, respiratory, and skin antibiograms were created using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints and guidelines.

RESULTS

Urinary Escherichia coli had a higher susceptibility percentage for amoxicillin–clavulanate (80% [221/275]) than amoxicillin alone (64% [175/275]). Respiratory E coli were greater than 80% susceptible to only 2 antimicrobials (imipenem, amikacin). Of skin Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates, 40% (30/75) were methicillin-resistant and frequently also displayed resistance to non-beta lactam antimicrobials. Susceptibility to recommended first-line antimicrobials varied and was greatest for gram-negative urinary isolates and lowest for methicillin-resistant S pseudintermedius skin isolates and respiratory E coli.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Local antibiogram creation identified frequent resistance that may preclude the use of guideline-recommended first-line therapy. High levels of resistance identified in methicillin-resistant S pseudintermedius isolates supports growing concern for methicillin-resistant staphylococci in veterinary patients. This project highlights the need for population-specific resistance profiles to be used in conjunction with national guidelines.
Western Sanctions Against Russia's Energy Sector and Russia's Response
Authors:   Institute for Russian and Altaic Studies, CBNU, Sung Jin sok
Published: March 2023

Energy industry sanctions, which form the core of economic sanctions against Russia, began in earnest after Russia annexed Crimea in 2014. Following the outbreak of war in Ukraine in February 2022, the US and EU significantly strengthened sanctions on the energy industry, which is the backbone of Russia's economy and accounts for more than 50% of its exports. Russia is not only Europe's No. 1 supplier of energy resources, but also occupies a very important position in world energy trade, accounting for 20% of total global trades of energy commodities. Political conflicts between major exporters and importers such as Russia, the US and Europe have greatly increased uncertainties in the energy market. This is having a huge impact on the world economy. As a result of the sanctions, the Russian energy industry has been forced to change its structure. If the previous goal was to develop the energy industry and further strengthen its position as the largest exporter of natural resources, the current goal has to be revised to minimize losses caused by sanctions. In the future, Russia is expected to increase exports to the Asian market, focusing on cooperation with China and India. It is expected that costs will increase because productivity and efficiency decrease as access to foreign technology and equipment becomes difficult. The policy to localize Western equipment and technology subject to sanctions will be pushed more strongly, but this will inevitably cost considerable money and time. At present, Russia's exports of energy regenerate maintain a high export value due to high prices, although the export volume has decreased. It is difficult for Europe to fully replace Russian energy resources in the short term. For the time being, due to increased exports to Asia and relatively high energy commodity prices, Russia's energy resource exports are expected to remain high for a considerable period of time. The Russian energy industry will play an important role in the Russian economy and international energy market for some time, but its current share will decline more rapidly than previously anticipated. In an unprecedented and unpredictable situation, the Russian energy industry is facing a previously unimaginable challenge to maintain the status quo or to minimize the decline in production and exports.
Immunohistochemistry in oral and maxillofacial pathology: The role and rational use of antibodies in the diagnosis of surgical lesions.
Authors: Guerrero Jaime , Bustillo Rojas Jairo Alberto , Blanco Ballesteros Guillermo Enrique
Published: March 2023

Immunohistochemistry have had a huge impact on oral and maxillofacial pathology diagnosis. As a method it determines distribution and amount of certain cellular molecules via specific antigen-antibody reaction. Whereas in most cases a definitive diagnosis is achieved based on detailed hematoxylin and eosin cytomorphological analysis, along with clinical and radiological features, some challenging and equivocal neoplasms need to be further assessed with immunohistochemistry. This article reviews immunohistochemistry technique fundamentals and its role and relevance in the diagnosis of common oral and maxillofacial lesions encountered in  daily practice.
Coping with the Burden of Care through Effective Management of Stress: A Study among Nurses in Selected COVID-19 Isolation Hospitals in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ilesanmi Rose Ekama , Mathias Carol Avil , Hanson Victoria Funmilayo , Dabou Eman Abdelaziz Rashad
Published: March 2023

The burden of providing care to patients during the COVID-19 pandemic escalated stress among nurses, which affected their mental health, and called for effective coping. The goal of this study was to correlate the burden of caregiving with the management of stress by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates. We conducted this cross-sectional correlational study among the nurses in two hospitals in the United Arab Emirates. A non-probability voluntary sample (n = 64) was taken of nurses working in the intensive care unit (n = 41) and isolation wards (n = 24). The respondents completed two questionnaires via Google Forms, namely, the Professional Care Team Burden Scale and the 15-item Stress Management Inventory. The findings indicate that the nurses reported moderate (37.5%) to low (62.5%) levels of the burden associated with caregiving. There was a significant inverse correlation between the burden of care and three elements of the stress management inventory, namely developing resiliency (r = −.284, p = .023), short-term coping (r = −313, p = .012), and effective delegation (r = −.395, p = .001). However, there was no correlation between the burden of care and eliminating stressor elements. The findings suggest that when nurses increased their resilience, short-term coping strategies and effective delegation they tended to experience less burden of caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. We therefore recommend that health policymakers focus on supporting resilience, short-term coping strategies and effective delegation in the nursing work environment to reduce the burden of caregiving.
Delayed positivity of serological reactions in secondary syphilis against the background of severe HIV-induced immunosuppression
Authors: Prozherin Sergey V. , Podymova Anzhelika S.
Published: March 2023

In recent decades, there has been an increase in syphilis associated with HIV infection cases, especially among men who have sex with men. The global prevalence of syphilitic infection among people living with HIV exceeds population rates. Concomitant HIV infection can affect not just the clinical course of syphilis, but also the production of antibodies to Treponema pallidum. In the presence of severe immunodeficiency in patients with HIV infection associated with secondary syphilis, the results of non-treponemal and/or treponemal tests may be false-negative or may become positive at a later date. Such cases are known, they occur infrequently and cause some diagnostic difficulties. The article presents a clinical observation of delayed positivity of serological reactions in secondary syphilis in a 23-year-old HIV-positive man from the authors' practice. The tactic of managing HIV-infected patients with clinical symptoms of the secondary period syphilis and negative results of serological tests is discussed.
Four new species of the genus Thinophilus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with new records and a key to species known from India and adjacent regions
Authors:   Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo 3, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, 189620, Russia, Grichanov I.Ya.
Published: March 2023

Four new species from India, Thinophilus calangutensis sp. n., T. poinguinimensis sp. n., T. sambharensis sp. n., and T. somnathensis sp. n., are described and illustrated. The new species differ from other similar congeners in the morphology of the male cercus and surstylus, as well as in the male secondary sexual characters on the legs. Four species are new for the fauna of India, two new for Malaysia, two new for Sri Lanka, and two species new for Thailand. An identification key to 11 species of Thinophilus known from India and adjacent countries is also provided.
New records of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors:   Institute of Bioresources of the Nakhchivan Branch of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Nakhchivan, AZ 7000, Azerbaijan, Maharramov M.M. , Fateryga A.V. ,   T.I. Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station – Nature Reserve of RAS – Branch of A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Kurortnoye, Feodosiya, 298188, Russia., Proshchalykin M.Yu. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
Published: March 2023

The data on 19 species of megachilid bees collected in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan in 2019–2022 are reported. Fifteen species are new for Azerbaijan; four other species, previously known by literature records, are confirmed for Azerbaijan. Anthidium gussakovskiji Mavromoustakis, 1939 is excluded from the fauna of the republic. The known fauna of Azerbaijan numbers 174 species of megachilid bees.
Ontological analysis of the subject area of the Algo500 digital platform
Authors: Антонов А.С. , Майер Р.В.
Published: March 2023

Проект создания цифровой платформы Algo500 направлен на решение задачи совместного анализа свойств алгоритмов и особенностей архитектур суперкомпьютеров. В статье на основе методологии онтологического анализа рассматриваются и предлагаются понятия, модели и метамодели данных, обосновываются подходы к описанию некоторых понятий из мира высокопроизводительных вычислений (HPC), устанавливаются новые требования к моделям данных, которые должны обеспечить выполнение задач, поставленных при создании платформы Algo500.

The Algo500 digital platform project is aimed at solving the problem of joint analysis of the properties of algorithms and features of supercomputer architectures. In this paper, based on the methodology of ontological analysis, concepts, models and metamodels of data are considered and proposed, approaches to the description of some concepts from the world of high-performance computing (HPC) are substantiated, new requirements for data models are established, which should ensure the fulfillment of the tasks set when creating the Algo500 platform.
δ-C(sp3)H Activation of Free Alcohols Enabled by Rationally Designed H-Bond-Acceptor Ligands
Authors: Strassfeld Daniel , Chen Chia-Yu , Park Han Seul , Phan Joong , Yu Jin-Quan
Published: March 2023

The ability to employ a wide range of native substrates is essential for the broad application of transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation. Recent advances have made native carboxylic acids, ketones, and amines amenable to C(sp3)–H activation, but alcohols, perhaps the most common functionality in organic chemistry, have remained intractable due to their low affinity for late-transition-metal catalysts. Herein we describe the rational development of ligands to overcome this challenge and enable alcohol-directed -C(sp3)–H arylation reactions. Our ligand design strategy employs charge balance and a secondary-coordination-sphere H-bonding interaction—evidenced by SAR studies, computational modelling, and crystallographic data—to stabilize L-type hydroxyl coordination to palladium, thereby facilitating the assembly of the key C–H cleavage transition state. In contrast to prior studies in C–H activation, where secondary interactions were used to control selectivity in the context of established reactivity, this report demonstrates the feasibility of employing secondary interactions to enable challenging novel reactivity by enhancing substrate-catalyst affinity.
Synthesis, experimental, and molecular dynamics simulation of the ESI-CID spectrum of the nerve agent Novichok analog O-2-methoxyethyl N-[bis(dimethylamino)methylidene]-P-methylphosphonamidate
Authors: Carvalho-Silva Taynara , Modesto-Costa Lucas , Borges Caio , Cavalcante Samir , Sousa Roberto , Santos Lima Antonio , Borges Jr. Itamar
Published: March 2023

The comprehensive and accurate analysis of mass spectral data is critical for the unequivocal identification of environmental samples containing compounds short-listed by the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). In particular, experiments with nerve agents are limited by the high risks involved in their handling. Therefore, the possibility of studying fragmentation pathways by a theoretical approach is especially welcome. In this work, for the first time, O-2-methoxyethyl N-[bis(dimethylamino)methylidene]-P-methylphosphonamidate, an analog of the Novichok nerve agent A-242, was synthesized employing a one-pot microscale synthesis. Electron ionization (EI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) spectra were measured to produce data for CWC verification purposes. Considering that ESI-MS/MS is a powerful method for analyzing non-volatile, highly polar, and very water-soluble compounds, such as degradation products of nerve agents, we extensively investigated for the first time the ESI-(collision-induced dissociation) CID fragmentation pathways of the selected molecule. For this purpose, molecular dynamics simulations using the Quantum Chemical Mass Spectrometry (QCxMS) method employing the semiempirical electronic structure method GFN2-xTB were compared with Triple Quadrupole electrospray ionization (ESI) experimental spectra in positive ion mode. The base peak of the EI spectrum for this molecule was found to be m/z 151, which strongly suggests a McLafferty +1 rearrangement involving the 2-methoxyethyl moiety. According to the simulations, the formation of the m/z 106 ion in the ESI-CID spectrum results from the rearrangement involving a transfer of one dimethylamino group to the phosphorus atom. This mechanism would be difficult to identify without employing theoretical methods.
Hydrothermal Activation of Sugarcane Mill Mud and its Increased Imidacloprid Adsorption Capability
Authors: Kim Tak , Smith Shaun , Brown Alexander , Garozzo Nicholas , Brown Christopher
Published: March 2023

The Australian sugar industry produces 4 million tonnes of sugar products from 30 million tonnes of sugarcane annually producing a large amount of wastes. Sugarcane mill mud, one of the wastes from sugar mills, was hydrothermally activated at 250 C for 4 hours to produce an economically feasible adsorbent to demonstrate as a pesticide adsorbent. The hydrothermally activated mill mud displayed distinct chemical and physical changes as well as modified surface characteristics, as determined by electron microscopy characterisation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The hydrothermal activation process changed the physical composition from agglomerated multi-layered structures to distinctive structures possessing mono-layered features. The maximum adsorption capacities for organic molecules, as characterised by using the methylene blue dye assay, showed at least a 3-fold increase after activation. The adsorption process for the hydrothermally activated displays a mono-layer adsorption profile whilst the untreated mill mud sample affords multi-layer adsorption, observations that are consistent with their respective physical structures. Of interest, the absorptivity of the activated material was tested against Imidacloprid, a common pesticide used widely in sugarcane farms, to assess its viability as a pesticide adsorbent. The adsorption capacity was comparable to the reference activated carbon and much higher than commercially available coconut derived activated carbon, demonstrating its potential application as a runoff barrier for sugarcane farms.
Enhanced performance of molecular electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction in a flow cell following K+ addition
Authors: Sato Shunsuke , Sekizawa Keita , Shirai Soichi , Sakamoto Naonari , Morikawa Takeshi
Published: March 2023

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is a key aspect of artificial photosynthesis systems designed to produce fuels. Some molecular complexes can act as electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction and the performance of these compounds can be controlled by varying their ligands and substituents. However, these compounds also suffer from poor durability and energy conversion efficiency. The present work demonstrates the drastically improved CO2 reduction activity exhibited by molecular catalysts in a membrane electrode assembly cell. These catalysts were composed of a cobalt-tetrapyridino-porphyrazine complex supported on carbon black together with a potassium salt, and were both stable and efficient. These systems were found to promote electrocatalytic CO2 reduction with a current density of 100 mA/cm2 and generated CO over a span of at least one week with a selectivity of approximately 95%. The optimal catalyst gave a turnover number of 3,800,000 and an energy conversion efficiency more than 62% even at 200 mA/cm2.