bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DYNAMICS OF RAINFALL INTENSITY AND MESOSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR FIELDS IN THE WARM PERIOD OF THE YEAR IN THE PLAIN PART OF UKRAINE
Authors: Palamarchuk L. , Sokur K. , Zabolotska T.
Published: September 2020

The research deals with the structure of temporal changes in rainfall intensity and the spatial distribution of magnitude within separate processes of fallout of dangerous and heavy rainfalls in the warm season. The analysis based on the data from the Ukrainian hydrometeorological observation network (2005-2017) and the data obtained during a special scientific experiment (Kyiv, Bagrynova Mt., warm period 1969). It has been determined 97 cases of such rainfalls, the characteristics of their spatial distribution, seasonal and daily variations. For individual processes, on the basis of pluviometric measurements there were determined the maximum rainfall intensities, the time of their occurrence, the presence and the number of waves (periods) of rainfall amplification and their temporal and spatial parameters. The mass of rainwater per unit area and the volumetric intensity were calculated for moments of maximum intensity or amplification waves. The analysis of spatial and temporal fluctuations of intensity values within a separate process allowed to distinguish three types of rainfall during the warm period of the year: heavy precipitations (maximum intensities greater than 1 mm/min., such intensities more often observed at the beginning of the process; it notes the presence of one/two waves of amplification of rainfall with different amplitudes), slight precipitations (maximum intensities are approximately equal to 0.1 mm/min, several (3-5) waves of amplification of rainfall with small but equal amplitudes), and a “mix” of heavy and slight precipitations during the development of frontal stratus with so-called “flooded” convection (maximum intensities less than 1 mm / min; there are several waves of amplification of different amplitude). Conditions for the formation of heavy precipitations of the last type are the combination of mechanisms of thermal and dynamic convection, which is manifested in the enhancement of vertical lifting of air masses due to the blocking processes. It was made a comparison of the intensity and nature of precipitation in the current climatic period and in previous periods. It was found that the values of the maximum intensity for the same type of precipitation during the different observation periods practically coincide. Obviously, there is a zone of “upper limit” of the intensity of the processes of precipitation and moisture storage of clouds, which ensures the constant intensity of rainfall over time. There is some increase in number and length of waves of rainfall amplification, as well as an increase in the frequency of rainfalls with “flooded” convection. The research shows the recurrence of rainfall intensity for certain types within certain gradations of their values. On this basis an integral providing curve is created, which makes it possible to estimate the probability or recurrence of given precipitation intensity values at different levels of providing.
“Before I Saw a Gas Canister, Now I See a Person”: Post Obesity-Intervention Body Acceptance and Responses to Weight Stigma among Urban Brazilian Gorda Women
Authors: Scagliusi Fernanda Baeza , Ulian Mariana Dimitrov , Gualano Bruno , Roble Odilon Jose , Unsain Ramiro Fernandez , Carriero Maria Regina , de Morais Sato Priscila , SturtzSreetharan Cindi , Brewis Alexandra , Wutich Amber
Published: September 2020

Weight stigma is reportedly globalizing, but there is limited evidence of how concerns around weight change are impacting those in many places. Additionally, few studies to date have considered how weight stigma operates in the context of interventions that purposefully eschew from a focus on weight itself. We have used qualitative analysis to examine body acceptance and responses to weight stigma among urban Brazilian gorda women participating in two forms of Health at Every Size® (HAES®) interventions: an intensive HAES® program (I-HAES®, n=26), which directly addressed weight stigma and a traditional, less-intensive HAES® program (CTRL, n=13). Individual, semi-structured interviews regarding how participants felt about their bodies were conducted post-intervention. Exploratory content analysis followed an inductive approach. The I-HAES®-group was more prone to accept their bodies, to feel well-being, to do new things, and to give proactive responses to weight stigma, while the CTRL-group internalized and accepted stigma, reported a lack of body acceptance, and indicated they were less able to challenge stigma in their lives. Interdisciplinary, intensive HAES® interventions appear able to meaningfully tackle responses to weight stigma and promote body acceptance, important in contexts where stigma is a major component of how women experience their weight.
Excitation of labor by intrauterine injections of glycerin
Authors: Voff I.
Published: September 2020

Having briefly examined the existing methods of initiating artificial premature labor and finding them not entirely appropriate and safe for the mother and the fetus, the author cites his observations on the use of glycerin in the Cologne obstetric institution in order to excite and enhance the labor of the uterus: from the given birth histories, it is clear that intrauterine injections glycerol, this goal is achieved quickly, without the slightest harm to the mother or fetus, and without any change in the usual mechanism of childbirth, and glycerin, over other commonly injected liquids, has a great advantage in its antiseptic properties.
About symphysiotomy
Authors: Zabolotskiy A.
Published: September 2020

The ideal obstetric operation for narrow pelvis can only be recognized as one that would save the mother and child. Caesarean section nowadays gives the best results, but according to the most favorable of all Leopold's statistics before 1890, out of 28 cases, the death rate of children is 0, the mortality rate of mothers is 8.6 per 100. So this operation is not ideal.
FİZİK DERSİNDE ARTIRILMIŞ GERÇEKLİK UYGULAMALARININ ÖĞRENCİLERİN AKADEMİK BAŞARILARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: KARAKAŞ Mehmet , ÖZERBAŞ Mehmet
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarının 10.sınıf öğrencilerinin akademik başarıları üzerinde bir etkiye sahip olup olmadığını incelemektir. Araştırmada ön test son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırma 2017-2018 öğretim yılının ikinci döneminde, Tokat ilinde bir devlet lisesinde öğrenim gören 68 öğrenci üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma başlangıcında deney ve kontrol grubu öğrencilerine araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen akademik başarı testi ön test olarak uygulanmıştır. 8 haftalık deney süresi sonunda her iki grubu da aynı test ve ölçek son test olarak uygulanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi için SPSS ve Excel programı kullanılmıştır. Alt problemlerin çözümlenmesinde yüzde, frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma kullanılmıştır. Öğrenci akademik başarı testi için bağımlı ve bağımsız gruplar t testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre deney grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin akademik başarıları deneysel işlem sonucunda artmıştır. Kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin ise öğretmen merkezli öğretim sonrası akademik başarıları artmıştır. Araştırma sonunda deney grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında akademik başarı düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir fark çıkmamıştır.
UZAKTAN HEMŞİRELİK EĞİTİMİNE İLİŞKİN ALGILAR
Authors: BOZ YUKSEKDAG Belgin
Published: September 2020

Bu projenin amacı, hemşirelerin bilgisayar teknolojilerine dayalı uzaktan hemşirelik eğitimine ilişkin algılarını belirlemektir. Projenin araştırma alanı Eskişehir ilinde kamu hastanelerinde çalışan hemşirelerdir. Araştırma, ölçek geliştirme ve hemşirelerin uzaktan hemşirelik eğitimine ilişkin algılarını belirleme çalışmalarından oluşmaktadır. 24 ay süren projede; ilk yıl, ölçek geliştirme çalışmaları (ölçek maddelerinin oluşturulması ve kapsam geçerliliği için uzman görüşünün alınması, pilot çalışma ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları); ikinci yıl: uygulama ve raporlaştırma (hemşirelerin uzaktan hemşirelik eğitimine ilişkin algılarının belirlenmesi, verilerin analizi ve rapor haline getirme) çalışmaları yer almıştır. Bu makalede ölçeğin uygulama sonuçları yer almakta, ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarına yer verilmemektedir. Ölçekten alınan toplam puan, hemşireler arasında uzaktan eğitime ilişkin algı puanını vermekte, alınan puan yükseldikçe algı düzeyinin yükseldiği şeklinde değerlendirilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, hemşirelerin uzaktan hemşirelik eğitimine ilişkin algıları ve algıları etkileyen faktörler; yüzdelik sayılar ve ortalamalar; karşılaştırmalı istatistiksel analizlerde iki grup ortalaması arasındaki fark ilişkisiz grup t testi, 3 grup arasındaki fark tek yönlü varyans analizi (Anova) ile incelendi. Hemşirelerin %57.52’si ortalamanın üstünde puan aldığı görülmektedir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre araştırmaya dâhil edilen hemşirelerin uzaktan hemşirelik eğitimine ilişkin algılarının yüksek düzeyde olmadığı söylenebilir. Yaş, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma yılı, çalışma şekilleri, işyerinde internet bağlantılı bilgisayara sahip olma durumu, internet kullanma durumu, uzaktan eğitim programlarına katılma isteği ile ölçek toplam puanı arasında anlamlı ilişki bulundu. Bu bulgulara dayalı olarak hemşirelerin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin algılarının yüksek düzeye çıkarılması için uzaktan öğrenme ortamları yoluyla hizmet içi eğitim derslerinin geliştirilmesi ve etkililiğinin değerlendirilmesi ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarının farklı gruplarda tekrarlanması ve sonuçların karşılaştırılması önerilebilir.
Master of Photography
Authors: Perrotta Marta
Published: September 2020

Italy plays a peripheral role in the global market of ready-made shows, for historical reasons that pertain both to the marginality of the Italian language and to the scarcity of cultural and economic investments in the globalization of the products. This essay focuses on the analysis of Master of Photography, a docu-talent show produced since 2015 by the Italian indie B/Arts for the pan-European production hub that Sky Limited conceived to produce suitable content for the group’s national art channels (UK, Ireland, Germany, Austria and Italy). Going beyond the analyses concerning the global TV market, this research brings together the perspective of critical political economy and the studies on television’s production routines, with the aim of unveiling both the elaborate adjustments and the necessary compromises required by a cross-cultural creative process that has to meet the expectations and satisfy the tastes of different national audiences. Although the format offers the Italian prodco the opportunity to develop a new production model, with positive effects on the company’s international reputation, its potential influence on the globalization of Italian products and on the growth of ready-made show is still to be demonstrated.
From Parenthood to Tutto può succedere
Authors: Antonioni Stefania , Checcaglini Chiara
Published: September 2020

In our article we propose an analysis of the Italian TV series Tutto può succedere, a remake of the American TV series Parenthood (NBC 2010-2015). The Italian remake precisely reproduces some Parenthood’s ready-made elements: the two series share the main plot, many storylines and characters’ personalities, dealing with the ups and downs of a large family, formed of four siblings, their parents and their children. We will focus on the differences and similarities of the two shows from several perspectives, such as formal and content divergences, and their cultural, social and production implications. On the one hand, the Italian remake loses the distinguishing style and the faster pace of the original series to adjust to Rai’s more basic aesthetics; on the other hand, Rai chooses to focus on specific plots and characters that match its own purposes. Indeed, we can assume that youngest characters are the means by which Raiuno tries to connect with younger viewers, and the same function is assumed by the role played by music in the series and by the on-screen presence of young Italian musicians.
From Nordic Noir to Belgian Bright?
Authors: Raats Tim , Iordache Catalina
Published: September 2020

Shifts in audio-visual production, distribution and consumption have increased pressure on broadcasters as main financiers of domestic content in Europe. However, within the context of internationalisation and digitalisation, there are also new opportunities for the export of European content. By taking a close look at the evolution and increasing popularity of Flemish TV drama, this article identifies key explanatory factors for the export of content produced in a small media market. The analysis also discusses the extent to which the rise in exports may contribute to the increased sustainability of a small and fragile, yet vibrant audio-visual industry.
Pontes mistas de aço e concreto em seção caixão com protensão externa: procedimentos de cálculo e de projeto
Authors: Nicoletti Renato Silva , Almeida Marcela Moreira da Rocha , Rossi Alexandre , Souza Alex Sander Clemente , Martins Carlos Humberto , Albuquerque Augusto Teixeira de
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar os procedimentos de projeto e os aspectos construtivos de pontes mistas de aço e concreto em viga caixão com protensão externa. A associação entre aço e concreto tem sido uma solução eficiente para a formação de elementos estruturais mistos, gerando vantagens importantes, como dispensa de fôrmas e escoramentos; redução do peso próprio e do volume da estrutura; aumento da precisão dimensional; redução do consumo de aço estrutural e menor necessidade de proteções contra incêndio e corrosão nos perfis metálicos. Por sua vez, o concreto protendido caracteriza-se pela introdução na estrutura de solicitações opostas às das cargas decorrentes do seu uso, acarretando numa melhoria na resistência e em seu comportamento mecânico. Nesse contexto, as estruturas mistas de aço e concreto com protensão externa configuram uma ótima solução para vencer grandes vãos, atender às limitações arquitetônicas e para reforçar/recuperar estruturas metálicas ou mistas já existentes. Visto isso, e justificando-se na crescente demanda por técnicas construtivas e na necessidade de melhoria de infraestrutura do país, a investigação sobre novas tecnologias intentando-se o seu uso é de grande valia.
Panorama técnico, socioambiental, estrutural e termoacústico de construções em terra: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Sampaio Ana Lígia Pessoa , Acchar Wilson , Silva Vamberto Monteiro da , Ramos Filho Ricardo Eugênio , Souza Jonatas Macêdo de , Pipolo Lisieux Feitosa Gondim
Published: September 2020

As construções em terra vêm crescendo novamente no mundo após um período de decadência e marginalização, fruto da necessidade de construções mais sustentáveis em uma tentativa de amenizar o desequilíbrio ambiental que a construção civil tem contribuído, significativamente, para a sua intensificação. Além disso, cada vez mais se percebe a importância de considerar as condições climáticas ao se construir, trazendo à tona o zoneamento brasileiro e suas diretrizes para atingir o conforto. A Zona Bioclimática 07, conhecida pelo clima intenso, quente e seco, exige vedações e coberturas com elevada massa térmica como estratégia bioclimática. Assim, as construções em terra vêm como ótima alternativa para se obter um maior conforto na região, tão expressiva territorialmente, mas não politicamente. Fora do eixo que concentra as pesquisas e os investimentos no país, acaba sendo esquecida pelas políticas públicas de desenvolvimento. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar e analisar estudos primários que foquem na utilização ou viabilização das construções em terra, com destaque para o superadobe e o hiperadobe, percebendo neles um grande potencial de implementação em algumas regiões do Brasil. Parte-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura no período de 2008 a 2018 em cinco das principais bases de dados hospedadas na web: o Periódicos-CAPES, a Science Direct, a Scopus, a Web of Science e o Google Scholar. Os resultados estão classificados em quatro grupos que versam sobre os aspectos técnicos, socioambientais, estruturais e termoacústicos. Dados coletados comprovam o crescimento de pesquisas na área e a necessidade de normatizações voltadas para essas construções, que apesar de todas as vantagens que vem sendo discutidas, estão sendo desencorajadas pelas dificuldades de sistematização e padronização.
O reminiscencjach konfliktu o ordynację ostrogską w sztuce kręgu Jana Klemensa Branickiego
Authors: Gombin Krzysztof
Published: September 2020

Rzeźba z klatki schodowej białostockiego pałacu Jana Klemensa Branickiego, najczęściej określana jako Rotator („Obracający się”) albo Arrotino („Ostrzący nóż”), według nowszych badań mogła przedstawiać jednego z rzymskich bohaterów (Windycjusza, Milichusa, czy też Feniusza Rufusa), który podczas wykonywania swojej pracy podsłuchał spiskowców i tym samym udaremnił ich knowania. Miała to być aluzja do roli hetmana Jana Klemensa Branickiego (fundatora rzeźby) we współczesnych mu wydarzeniach – konfliktu o ordynację ostrogską. Tezę tę potwierdzają rękopiśmienne satyry, powstałe w związku ze sporem o ordynację (Łysa rada kolbuszowska oraz Scena tragiczno-komiczna...), których Branicki jest jednym z głównych bohaterów. W Scenie tragiczno-komicznej podział ordynacji przedstawiony został jako spisek przeciwko Rzeczypospolitej, który odkrył i zbrojnie spacyfikował hetman Branicki. Działania te rozpoczął samodzielnie podczas nieobecności w Rzeczypospolitej króla, stając się najważniejszą osobą w kraju i jego mężem opatrznościowym, a dokończył, współdziałając z powracającym monarchą. Białostocki Rotator może więc być odnoszony do Branickiego, ukochanego syna ojczyzny, lojalnego poddanego oraz wielkiego wodza, który zapobiegł wojnie domowej. W publicystyce związanej ze sporem o ordynację ostrogską Branicki porównywany był także do swego przodka – hetmana Stefana Czarnieckiego, gdyż podobie jak on miał uchronić Rzeczpospolitą od wewnętrznego konfliktu. Stefan Czarniecki to bohater w Białymstoku bardzo popularny, często przedstawiany na zamawianych przez Branickiego rzeźbach i obrazach. W rzeczywistości Branicki nie miał poważniejszych zasług jako hetman i dopiero z perspektywy sporu o ordynację ostrogską i kreowania go wówczas na wielkiego wodza i męża opatrznościowego kultywowanie pamięci o Stefanie Czarnieckim zyskiwało szczególny wymiar.
Gedenken ist vergessen: Paradigmen, Probleme und Paradoxien literarischer Erinnerung an die Shoah
Authors: Von der Lühe Imelda
Published: September 2020

Wspominanie zostało zapomniane: Paradygmaty, problemy i paradoksy literackiej pamięci o Szoah

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia literackie i historyczno-memorialne tendencje, które od zakończenia II wojny światowej kształtowały sposoby zajmowania się problematyką Zagłady w literaturze i do których nadal odnoszą się krytycznie młode pokolenia pisarzy i pisarek w Niemczech i w Polsce. Artykuł rozważa na wstępie dominujące paradygmaty literackiego dyskursu o Szoah, tj. zakaz przedstawiania oraz topos niewyrażalności, a następnie omawia problemy metodologiczne, które wynikają z nakazu milczenia oraz indywidualnej i moralnej potrzeby zdania relacji. Paradoksy literackiego kształtowania pamięci ukazane zostają w ostatniej części na podstawie eseistycznego opowiadania Dorona Rabinovici pt. Gedenken ist vergessen [Wspominanie zostało zapomniane].
Lecturas y reescrituras de Hechos de Bernardo del Carpio
Authors: Lázaro Niso Rebeca
Published: September 2020

Lektury i reskrybowania Hechos de Bernardo del CarpioPrzez cały Złoty Wiek reskrybowanie dzieł dramatycznych staje się powszechną formą twórczości literackiej. Niewielu jest dramaturgów, którzy nie odczuwaliby potrzeby powrotu do dzieł swoich poprzedników z zamiarem ulepszenia lub aktualizacji tekstów wobec zmieniających się upodobań publiczności. To ogólne zjawisko jest zilustrowane w tym artykule poprzez analizę na nowo napisanej i wydanej w dwóch różnych wersjach drukowanych przez Álvaro Cubillo de Aragón sztuki poświęconej historyczno-legendarnej tematyce związanej z postacią Bernardo del Carpio: El conde de Saldaña y hechos de Bernardo del Carpio.

Lecturas y reescrituras de Hechos de Bernardo del CarpioA lo largo del Siglo de Oro la reescritura de obras dramáticas se convierte en una forma común de creación literaria. Pocos son los dramaturgos que no sintieron la necesidad de volver sobre las obras de sus predecesores con la intención de mejorar o actualizar textos frente a los gustos cambiantes del público. Este fenómeno general se ejemplifica en este trabajo a través de la reescritura en dos versiones impresas distintas llevada a cabo por Álvaro Cubillo de Aragón de una obra suya dedicada a la materia histórico-legendaria relacionada con la figura de Bernardo del Carpio: El conde de Saldaña y hechos de Bernardo del Carpio.
Gendering the Holocaust: Robert McLiam Wilson’s Manfred’s Pain and Marek Soból’s Mojry
Authors: Klonowska Barbara
Published: September 2020

Płeć Holokaustu: Autopsja Roberta McLiama Wilsona i Mojry Marka SobolaArtykuł analizuje dwie powieści dotyczące Zagłady: Manfred’s Pain, czyli (w polskim przekladzie) Autopsję (1992), północno-irlandzkiego pisarza Roberta McLiama Wilsona i Mojry (2005) polskiego autora Marka Sobola jako przykłady prozy skoncentrowanej na kobiecym ciele, kobiecej wrażliwości i kobiecej wersji historii. Obie powieści wiążą ten temat z przemocą seksualną i podkreślają specyfikę kobiecego doświadczenia Holokaustu. Artykuł dowodzi, że spojrzenie na Zagładę z perspektywy płci i przedstawienie jej ‘kobiecej’ strony stanowi swoiste novum odróżniające te powieści od innych, zwykle ‘męskich’ narracji Holocaustu w literaturze polskiej i bardzo ‘męskich’ powieści Wilsona. Męskie doświadczenie, zwykle naturalizowane jako uniwersalnie ludzkie, jest przemieszczone w tych dwóch powieściach w kierunku kobiecej perspektywy. W przypadku Autopsji dokonuje się to poprzez zmianę proporcji: chociaż bohaterem i narratorem powieści jest mężczyzna, a postać kobieca stanowi zaledwie tło, to ta ostatnia okazuje się bohaterką równie ważną, a jej doświadczenie równorzędne z męskim. W powieści Sobola role są już odwrócone: to kobiece postaci wysuwają się na pierwszy plan jako bohaterki i narratorki, a opowiadania prezentują ich doświadczenie i ich punkt widzenia, przeznaczając dla męskich postaci rolę świadków. Skupiając się na losach kobiet, oba teksty opowiadają pozornie uniwersalne doświadczenie Holocaustu z perspektywy płci, zwracając uwagę również na jego płciowe uwikłanie.
Unilateral cleft lip closure by use of Dermabond (N-octyle-2-cyanoacrylate)
Authors: Mishra Dr santosh , Shukla Dr Madhuri , Sahu Dr Amit Kumar , Mishra Dr Sushma
Published: September 2020

Background: Facial cosmetic results are one of the most concerning issues for the parents who get their children operated for cleft lip. Moreover, the postoperative care of the surgical site, the discomfort associated with the suture removal, and additional visit for suture removal are other reasons which encourages one to use any new technologies that may replace the need for suture placement. In this study, we used octyl-2-cyanoacrylate, a tissue adhesive which offers a viable alternative to traditional techniques without compromising optimal wound closure.

Objective: To perform a comprehensive comparison of the outcomes from the use of Dermabond in patients undergoing primary repair of congenital cleft lip ± palate anomalies.

Materials and Methods: Twenty patients, in the age group of 3–18 months were treated surgically for unilateral cleft lip deformity using Millard rotation-advancement flap. Pre- and post-operative photographs of the patients were taken at 1 week, 2 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively and were evaluated using Vancouver scar scale which was given by Sullivan in 1990. Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Increased vascularity (hyperemia) was seen in the 1st and 2nd week in 35% and 30% patients, respectively which gradually reduced to normal in subsequent follow-ups. The scar was flat in 85% of patients in 1st week, and the number decreased to 10% at the end of 1 year. No wound dehiscence was found in any patients. Statistical analysis showed that among all the follow-ups, only the difference between the first and second follow-ups. Comparison of the results of 1 week with all other follow-ups yielded no significant results.

Conclusion: Octyl-2-cyanoacrylate can be used for cleft lip closure effectively. The procedure is relatively painless and quick. Added to this are benefits of protection from wound infection since the material is bacteriostatic.
Impactos no Comportamento do Frete: Uma Aplicação de Equilíbrio Geral Computável para os Produtos Agropecuários do Brasil
Authors: Asai Guilherme , Piacenti Carlos Alberto , Gurgel Angelo Costa
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar o impacto da oscilação do custo do frete para os produtos agropecuários brasileiros.Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva de natureza quantitativa, focado na análise de cenário por meio da modelagem em equilíbrio geral computável para as cinco macrorregiões brasileiras.Principais resultados: como resultado da pesquisa indica-se: (i) a importação e a exportação sofreram impacto causado pela variação do preço do frete, aumentando em todas as macrorregiões brasileiras; (ii) o aumento das importações e exportações é um indicativo no movimento dos fluxos comerciais e traz benefícios para a economia do país, favorecendo a troca e a economia regional e (iii) as regiões com menor custo de frete, apresentam ganhos de competitividade para produtos agropecuários.Relevância/originalidade: trabalho contribui com uma agenda de pesquisa que envolve setores importantes da economia brasileira – agropecuária e transportes – e como estão relacionados entre si, fornecendo uma visão de como o custo de frete influência no comércio dos produtos agropecuários no Brasil.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: o trabalho apresenta uma abordagem diferente de métodos mais tradicionais, por ECG, criando uma alternativa para análise de como o custo de transporte impacta no comércio inter-regional.
Networks and Speed of Internationalization: A Multiple Case Study of Emerging Market IT Firms
Authors: Mello Renado Dourado Cotta de , Barreto Leonardo Gustavo Pereira , Kogut Clarice Secches
Published: September 2020

Objective: This study aims to analyze the internationalization processes of two Brazilian IT firms from the perspective of business networks, seeking to understand the reasons that led these firms to internationalize, the factors influencing the process, and, above all, the importance of business networks.Method: a qualitative approach, based on multiple case study method was chosen.Main results: It was found that, although the firms internationalized for different reasons and in different ways, the propositions of the Network Theory, to a greater or lesser extent, were sufficiently robust to explain the internationalization processes of the two firms. Furthermore, in the case in which relationship networks played a more relevant role, the speed of internationalization was higher.Relevance / Originality: The present study addresses two literature gaps noted by Chetty and Stangl (2010): (i) the study of small and medium-sized enterprises in relation to internationalization, innovation, and networks; and (ii) the qualitative testing of the propositions raised by the authors on these subjects.Contributions: Both managerially – by stressing to managers and entrepreneurs the importance of relationship networks for the internationalization of firms, using real cases – and academically – by contributing to the literature on firm internationalization and network theory (NT).
Teachers’ and students’ appraisal of the ITEC English curriculum: A comparative study
Authors: Truong Hoa Minh , Vuong Pham Van Thuy
Published: September 2020

With the holistic purpose of improving the language teaching and learning quality at the International Training and EducationCentre (ITEC)of University of Science (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam), thisarticle focused on the students’ and teachers’ appraisal towards the current ITEC English curriculum. The survey study was conducted at the ITEC of University of Science (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) with the participation of 82 students and 20 teachers. The instruments included questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative data obtained from the questionnaires were analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0, while the qualitative data obtained from the interviews were thematically analysed. The findings show that both the students and the teachers concurrently showed their positive affection and cognition towards the clear objectives, reasonable assessment modes, effective instructional materials and helpful extensive practice. In addition, the content of the ITEC English curriculum was emotionally and cognitively approved by both the teachers and the students; however, some students thought that the content lacked an emphasis of cultural elements and updated realistic situations. Furthermore, while the teachers seemed to prefer the time allotment of the courses of the curriculum, many students did not express their favour or approval. Besides, a big proportion of the target students liked itsinstructional methods and believed in the usefulness of the instructional methods and delivery techniques, especially in developing and sharpening their language skills and test-taking skills as well. Nonetheless, some of the teachers did not feel these instructional methods impressive and were not compatible with their preferential styles.
Keywords: Appraisal, English curriculum, ITEC, comparative study, Vietnam
Teaching English for specific purposes to computer science students with reading difficulties
Authors: Benmammar Sarah
Published: September 2020

This is a case study conducted to investigate difficulties that may hinder third-year computer science students in their development of English for specific purposesâ€™ reading skills and to grasp the different factors that may influence students negatively. Data were obtained from a questionnaire which enabled the researcher to obtain valid information about the learning situation of the target population. Through the use of this tool, studentsâ€™ preferences and difficulties in the area of reading were analysed. The results revealed the need to increase studentsâ€™ exposure to reading and provide support with vocabulary. Hence, some recommendations and strategies are provided to remedy the situation and boost the studentsâ€™ learning process

 

Keywords: Computer science students, ESP vocabulary, reading difficulties, reading strategies.
The technique of robotic lobectomy II: left sided lobes
Authors: Gharagozloo Farid , Meyer Mark
Published: September 2020

Robotic lobectomy has been evolving over the past decade and has been shown to be an oncologically efficacious procedure. The Technique of Robotic Lobectomy I outlined the stepwise approach to robotic lobectomy of the right upper, right middle and right lower lobes. This paper outlines the stepwise technical approach to robotic lobectomy of the left upper and lower lobes. The accompanying paper, Technique of Robotic Lobectomy III: Control of Bleeding Complications, outlines a methodical technical approach for the control of catastrophic bleeding complications.
Technique of robotic lobectomy III: control of major vascular injury, the 5 “P”’s
Authors: Gharagozloo Farid , Meyer Mark
Published: September 2020

Robotic Lobectomy has been evolving over the past decade and has been shown to be an oncologically efficacious procedure. Although robotic lobectomy is performed more frequently in centers around the world, it accounts for a small percentage of all lobectomies. One of the major causes of reluctance to adopt robotic lobectomy and segmentectomy procedures by surgeons is the fear of bleeding complications, as well as the lack of a standardized reproducible approach to these potentially catastrophic events. This paper outlines a proven strategy for control of bleeding complications during robotic lobectomy and segmentectomy procedures: the 5 “P”’s of Prevention, Preparedness, Poise, Pressure, and Proximal Control.
The role of endoscopy and radiosurgery in the management of cavernous sinus meningiomas
Authors: Cossu Giulia , Abarca Javier , Levivier Marc , Starnoni Daniele , Daniel Roy T. , Berhouma Moncef , Messerer Mahmoud
Published: September 2020

Cavernous sinus (CS) meningiomas represent a formidable neurosurgical pathology. The desired treatment depends on tumor size and extensions apart from the presenting clinical symptoms of the patient. The last few decades have shown a paradigm shift in the management towards a multimodal treatment. For patients with tumors presenting with a medial extension or when the meningioma occupies the antero-inferior portion of the CS, an endoscopic biopsy can be safely performed through the endonasal route. The boundaries of endoscopic endonasal approaches have been pushed during the last decade, and a direct access to the CS may now be performed. At the same time, an extensive bony decompression to decompress the optic canal and the pituitary gland may be performed. Autologous fat may be interposed between the residual tumor and radiosensitive structures to safely perform adjuvant radiation therapy. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the role of endoscopic surgery in the management of cavernous sinus meningiomas along with the complementary role of radiotherapy. We describe the endoscopic anatomy and the surgical technique to safely perform the procedure and we review the surgical series reported in the literature dealing with the endoscopic approach for CS meningiomas with or without complementary radiation therapy. Endoscopic endonasal approaches have shown promising results in terms of improvement or stabilization of cranial neuropathy and hypopituitarism. Furthermore, the endoscopic approach may enhance the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery through the performance of an hypophysopexy and/or chiasmopexy.
Exact Size-Dependent Elasticity Solution for Free Radial Vibration of Nano-Sphere
Authors: Mirzaei Yaser
Published: September 2020

An exact size-dependent elasticity solution based on surface energy theory is used to investigate the free radial vibration behavior of a nanoscale sphere. The Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity model is employed to incorporate surface stress terms into pertinent boundary conditions. This leads to frequency equations involving spherical Bessel functions. Extensive numerical calculations have been carried out to illustrate the size effect of the nano-sphere on the first and second dimensionless breathing natural frequencies. The numerical results describe the imperative influence of surface energy and radii ratio on the vibrational characteristic frequency of the nano-sphere. In particular, the surface energy is much more important when the inner radius is smaller than 50 nm.
Republicanism as a Critical Idiom
Authors: Pehar Dražen
Published: September 2020

the aim of the paper is to draw briefly the discourse-theoretical foundations to the republican political theory (section 1), with the issue of slave/slavery as a pivotal concern of social and political life (section 2), and then to chart the most interesting consequences for the contemporary versions of the theory as proposed by the key authors (closing paragraphs of section 2, and section 3). the overarching message of the paper reads that republicanism is founded on a specific view of human nature as ens loquens, or zoon logon echon, that has important implications both empirically and normatively. the third, and final, section of the paper enlists six proposals, or suggestions, to contemporary republicans for the purpose of elucidating, first, the limits of republican theory/practice, and second, its intellectual origins as well as its opposition. Sum- marily, the paper lays emphasis as well on the status of republican language as a critical idiom with its pluralist, highly contextualized, and often program- matic/engaged voices.
Crystal Period Vectors under External Stress in Statistical Physics
Authors: Liu Gang
Published: September 2020

For crystals under external stress and temperature, a general equation to determine their period vectors (cell edge vectors) was derived based on the principles of statistical physics. This equation applies to both classical systems and quantum systems. It is consistent and can be combined with the previously derived one in the Newtonian dynamics. The existing theory for crystals under external pressure is covered as a special case. The new equation is also the mechanical equilibrium condition and the equation of state for crystals under external stress and temperature. It should be helpful in studying piezoelectric and piezomagnetic materials, since the period vectors change with external stress. For linear elastic crystals, it is the microscopic and temperature-dependent form of the generalized Hooke's law, therefore, it can be used to calculate the corresponding elastic constants, for given temperatures.
Change in Soccer Substitutions Rule due to COVID-19: Why only Five Substitutions?
Authors: Mota Gustavo R. , Santos Izabela Aparecida dos , Marocolo Moacir
Published: September 2020

Each sport has its specific rules, which determine what is allowed (or not) impacting directly on the sport demands. Studies involving physiological and time-motion measurements have shown that soccer is a highly demanding sport. The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a world health crisis. Soccer seasons were interrupted worldwide to avoid spreading the virus. Leagues resumed the season (no fans at the arenas) after several weeks of interruption, causing overlay of schedule. This overlay (e.g., games every Sunday and Wednesday) will cause accumulated fatigue on players, raising the risk of injuries. Considering this condensed calendar, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) has changed (temporarily) up to five substitutions during elite games (instead of three as the regular rule allows). Considering the already published scientific evidence, clearly, the change in the soccer substitution rule due to COVID-19 is insufficient. Implementing unlimited substitutions may benefit soccer players' health, coaches’ jobs, more entertainment for fans and sponsors (e.g., keeping intensity during all game, including on the second half) and eventually prolonging the useful life of the players. A real game-changer!
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Enteroviruses from Great Apes and Humans in the Republic of Congo: Recombination within Enterovirus C Serotypes
Authors: Amona Inestin , Medkour Hacène , Akiana Jean , Davoust Bernard , Tall Mamadou Lamine , Grimaldier Clio , Gazin Celine , Zandotti Christine , Levasseur Anthony , Scola Bernard La , Raoult Didier , Fenollar Florence , Banga-Mboko Henri , Mediannikov Oleg
Published: September 2020

Enteroviruses (EVs) are viruses of the family Picornaviridae that cause mild to severe infections in humans and in several animal species, including nonhuman primates (NHPs). We conducted a survey and characterization of enteroviruses circulating between humans and great apes in the Congo. Fecal samples (N=24) of gorillas and chimpanzees living close to or distant from humans in three Congolese parks were collected, as well as from healthy humans (N=38) living around and within these parks. Enterovirus were detected in 29.4% gorilla and 13.15% human feces, including wild and human-habituated gorillas, local humans and eco-guards. Two identical strains were isolated from two humans come from two remote regions. Their genomes were similar and all genes showed their close similarity to Coxsackieviruses except for 3C, 3D and 5’UTR region where they were most similar to poliovirus 1 and 2, suggesting recombination. Recombination events were found between these strains, poliovirus 1 and 2 and EV-C99. The same EV- C species detected in both humans and apes in different regions suggest a clonal distribution of the virus in Congo.
One Cycle Control of A PWM Rectifier a New Approach
Authors: Salazar Andres , Teixeira Rodrigo , da Silva Werbert , Pillon Guilherme , Neto João Carvalho , Villarreal Elmer , Lock Alberto
Published: September 2020

In this work, it is analyzed a Digital Signal Processor, DSP, based One Cycle Control, OCC, strategy for a Power Factor Corrector, PFC, rectifier, which presents Common-mode Voltage, CMV, immunity. The proposed strategy utilizes an emulated-resistance-controller in closed-loop configuration to set up dc-link voltage and achieve unity power factor, UPF. It is shown that if PFC can achieve UPF condition and if phase voltage is only affected by CMV, then phase current is free from CMV, as well as a lead-lag compensator, LLC, to average phase current. Another possible condition is also analyzed. The proposal is verified by simulation and experiments.
Possibility of Tapping NADH Regenerated from Ethylene Glycol Utilization Pathway for Cofactor Regeneration
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: September 2020

Although cofactor regeneration is an established system in biocatalysis, work remains in developing new and alternative cofactor regeneration systems with greater efficiency, ease of use, and higher atom economy. In addition, cofactor regeneration system only works if the cofactor regeneration reaction operates at similar kinetics compared to the biotransformation reaction. This meant that only specific cofactor regeneration system is capable of coupling with particular biotransformation reaction. This then leaves open the field for the development of a plethora of alternative cofactor regeneration systems each capable of coupling with different biotransformation reaction of different kinetics. This short write-up examines the possibility of tapping on the NADH regenerated from a two-step ethylene glycol utilization pathway. Current knowledge suggests that this angle has not been explored; thereby, opening up possibilities for future experimental investigations into the feasibility of coupling ethylene glycol utilization pathway with biotransformation reaction as a coupled cofactor regeneration system.
Estimating the Impacts of Urban Planning Concepts on Reducing Urban Sprawl Using Certain Spatial Indicators
Authors: Batsuuri Bolormaa , Fürst Christine , Myagmarsuren Buyandelger
Published: September 2020

Numerous cities in our modern world are unfortunately encountering the negative effects of urban sprawl: this includes unrestricted settlement, degradation in the quality of their environment, traffic congestion, sub-standard buildings, and air pollution as well as flooding, swampy areas, landslides, and settlement zones with dilapidated utilities and infrastructures that are not safe for living. The Ulaanbaatar City land management master plan defined the settlement zone area suitable for living as 33,698 hectares. However, due to unrestricted urban sprawl caused by exponential growth of the city’s population, the settlement zone area reached 39,235 hectares, which exceeds the limit by 5,537 hectares. In order to tackle this issue, several urban planning concepts were developed to be implemented within the Ulaanbaatar City urban planning framework. It is, in any case, problematic to choose a single planning concept due to the fact that neither measurements nor analyses are being made of the respective spatial quantitative indicators in urban planning assumptions that are taking the current situation into consideration. One of the prerequisites for identifying an optimal concept in urban planning is an assessment of the current situation, and measuring the impacts against its quantitative data. In the current research, when defining Ulaanbaatar city sprawl, the base year was selected as 1990, the time when the city started to sprawl. Research analyses were made using geographic information systems based on the satellite data 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 Landsat ТМ-5, 2010 Quickbird, 2015 World View and 2020 Sentinel2, respectively. Based on the results of determining the city sprawl using spatial indicators, the urban planning concepts applied thus far have been analyzed in relation to land use efficiency and land use structural changes. This research paper addresses the issue of reducing unrestricted urban sprawl by increasing the internal density of the city. The research results show that, by applying the concept of a compact city in urban redevelopment planning for 4,604 hectares, and by allocating the settlements in 12,479 hectares, it is possible to reduce the urban expansion threefold and increase land use efficiency accordingly.
Physical Modelling of Bridge Pier Scour and Its Effect on Dynamic Response: Towards Real-Time Monitoring of Bridges
Authors: Rahimi Fatemeh , Keshavarzy Alireza , Askari Mohsen
Published: September 2020

The generation of vortices around bridge piers can lead to removal of riverbed materials from around piers, especially during flood events and heavy rainfalls, which can compromise the stability of the bridge and consequently its failure, if not properly detected and mitigated. Bridge failures pose serious threats to the local socio-economic and public safety and can cost lives. As such, real-time monitoring and early warning systems for scour-induced bridge failure can serve as a vital tool to protect the community and civil infrastructure against disastrous events. Vibration-base monitoring of bridge scour is an attractive option due to its low cost and relatively easy installation without the need to block the road and close the bridge to traffic. While limited number of previous studies have shown the capabilities of acceleration-based monitoring techniques in this area of research, they generally lack a rigorous framework for data analysis within and relating those to evaluate scour. This paper is an attempt to provide such framework that would enable a fast and low-cost analysis of vibration data within a physical modelling study on a simplified bridge pier. To achieve this, three experiments were conducted on an ideal single-pier scaled model bridge in a hydraulic flume, where water flows at a velocity near the critical velocity for the sand bed which in turn generates a scour hole around the pier. Then, the vibration data recorded using two mounted wireless accelerometers, were used to conduct an operational modal analysis through which the natural frequencies are extracted. The extracted natural frequencies and measured scour depths are then used to provide a chart that relates these two parameters. The results of this study showed the promising capability of the vibration-based data analysis in finding this relationship, indicating an up to around 30-50% reduction in natural frequencies as a result of around 50% scour ratio (ratio of maximum scour depth to buried depth), and beyond 50% scour ratio the natural frequencies remain constant. While the data presented in this paper are preliminary, they clearly show a promising potential for application in real-time monitoring of bridge stability under the effect of local scour and further works are underway to enrich the experimental data and empower the proposed methodologies at the laboratory scale.