bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“How often can you ask your reader to leave?” Text and Reader in Lars Skinnebach: Din misbruger (You/r addict)
Authors: Ølholm Marianne
Published: October 2015

A characteristic feature of Avant-garde art is the radical approach to established artistic forms. One way of describing tradition and norms of artistic expression is through genre: Literary genre represents a set of conventions which are transcended by the experimental text. The poetic genre can be defined through the expectations of the reader, and this approach seems particularly relevant in the case of Lars Skinnebach's Din misbruger (You/r addict) (2006) as this work actively addresses the role of the reader, his or her expectations of the text, and the status of the work as an object of interpretation. This paper investigates the conditions of the construction of poetic voice in the Din misbruger (You/r addict) and how it challenges the role of the reader as well as the status of the text as a literary product.
Representing Bodies. Victor Brauner’s Hybrids, Fragments and Mechanisms
Authors: Cărăbaş Irina
Published: October 2015

The Romanian avant-garde looked for inspiration in two principal places where artists from all-over Europe gathered, confronted and discussed their ideas of a new art. While Berlin nourished the constructivist orientation of the Romanian avantgarde, Paris stimulated its interest in surrealism. Although Berlin was by far more significant as a stimulus for the synthesis of all arts and all modern movements toward which the Romanian avant-garde strove, Paris had the advantage of anemotional attachment. The French culture had been set long ago as a model for the entire Romanian modern culture and institutions. Consequently it is not surprising that poets and artists, including Victor Brauner, chosed to live and work in Paris in order to feel closer to what was considered to be the origin.Victor Brauner is discussed both in the context of the Romanian avant-garde and in the history of the French surrealism, but one cannot detect any tension between center and periphery. One motivation can be found in the myth he creates for himself. Meanwhile it is obvious that he wanted to identify himself with the French surrealism. Once settled in France he paid great attention to the theories and to the artists André Breton promoted.I will discuss the myth of the artist as well as the threads which connect Brauner to other artistic strategies bringing forth the body problem. Almost always his paintings and drawings display the ineluctable presence of a metamorphic body within no narrative construction. This preoccupation informed every stage of his career as he dedicated it the greatest energies of his artistic inventiveness. Before going into the subject, one needs to frame Brauner in a larger picture.
The Attractive Banality of Natalia LL’s "Consumer Art” (1972–1975)
Authors: Jakubowska Agata
Published: October 2015

The article is an analysis of the reception of "Consumer Art" by Natalia LL. The work is a series of photographs and films made in the years 1972-1975 featuring women consuming bananas, sausages, custard and starch jelly.The work was created in the neo-avant-garde circles and was in those circles perceived as "an exploration of morphological potential of the sign and the capacity of the medium" (Andrzej Lachowicz). Simultaneously it functioned in the sphere of feminist art, into which it was included in the 1970's by feminist researchers from the Western Europe. In the present article the author conducts an analysis of the ambivalence resulting from the inclusion, which is caused by, among other factors, the incompatibility of Western discourse to Polish situation. It is also pointed out that it is only in the second half of the 1990's that the feminist discourse re-appears in the declarations of the artist herself and of some critics, which is related to the shift, observable in their texts, of "Consumer Art" from the area of conceptual art to the area of body art. The author enters a polemic with some elements of those interpretations, e. g. those referring to the critique of consumerism, and proposes to concentrate on the work by Natalia LL as one referring to erotic desire and female pleasure as issues which had no proper place in the mainstream culture (in the case of Natalia LL, the culture of the Polish Republic of Poland). In this context the author recalls the contemporary pastiche of Natalia LL's work, "Try this!" (2006) by Karol Radziszewski.
Å snakke med de døde. En studie i Ingvar Ambjørnsens novelle Skallene
Authors: Andersen Bjørn Inge Berger , Heldal Anja , Johnsen Henry Andreas Øien , Nordøy Atle Tord , Velsand Birgit
Published: October 2015

Ingvar Ambjørnsen’s short stories are often described as dark, depicting a meaningless universe. Our analysis of his short story “Skallene” from the collection Sorte Mor (1994) shows that this description is not necessarily pertinent. We argue that the story’s meaning relies upon hidden intertextual references, eastern philosophy and complex life worlds. We conclude that the immediate impression of meaninglessness is in fact contradicted by the deeper structures of the text itself.
Nansens På ski over Grønland
Authors: Sundby Hanne
Published: October 2015

I 1888 foretok Fridtjof Nansen og fem ekspedisjonsmedlemmer en skiferd over den mektige innlandsisen som dekker størsteparten av Grønland. I reiseskildringen På ski over Grønland, som kom ut førstegang i 1890, beretter han ikke bare om ferden over isen, men dekker også de dramatiske omstendighetene rundt ilandstigningen på østkysten, planlegging og utstyr, møter med eskimoer og grønlendere og mer vitenskaplige emner, som Grønlands geologi, topografi og metrologi. Etter tilbakekomsten til Norge fikk Nansen ros og berømmelse som stod i proporsjon til motgangen han møtte fra han fremla planene første gang i 1887. I det 21. århundret beviser nyutgivelsen av På ski over Grønland at han har beholdt sin popularitet og status som polarhelt og oppdager, til tross for at alle polområder nå er gjennomtrålet av eventyrlystne polfarere på jakt etter grensesprengende opplevelser. Hva er det som gjør at denne reiseskildringen ikke har mistet sin aktualitet, selv om selve hovedbragden, skituren over innlandsisen, kanskje har mistet litt av sin evne til å imponere?I denne oppgaven vil jeg argumentere for at årsaken til På ski over Grønlands vedvarende popularitet ikke utelukkende ligger i Nansens bragd, selv om man selvfølgelig ikke skal undervurdere denne, men i det faktum at reisen og fortellingen tilfredsstiller et av reiselitteraturens fremste krav, det at det foreligger et møte mellom et reisende jeg og en fremmed verden. Det som gjør denne boka levedyktig er at vi i denne beretningen har en tydelig og tilstedeværende forteller som med glede og innlevelse deler sine personlige inntrykk i møtet med det fremmede. Jeg vil også, ved hjelp av Carl Schøyens I sameland, som kom ut i 1924, vise hvordan en bok mister sin aktualitet når et slikt møte ikke finner sted.
Renessansehagen – utforming og hagekunstneriske motiver
Authors: Hage Ingebjørg
Published: October 2015

The focus of this article is the gardens of the Italian Renaissance, their main motifs of garden art and how these motifs spread through Europe during the centuries. Motifs from the garden art of Firenze and Rome in the fifteenth and the sixteenth centuries were established in France, England and the German speaking countries during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and in Norway during the seventeenth. These gardens started among the Italian aristocracy, but as the gardens and garden motifs went north they were also adopted by the less well to do classes. Still during the twentieth century small parterre gardens with the same lay-out as in the Italian Renaissance could be found in small scale farm gardens in marginal parts of Europe - for example in Norway, Germany and Switzerland. Single garden motifs survived during the centuries, and they were performed in local materials, but the garden concept from the Italian Renaissance had disappeared.
Kroppslighet og jomfrukur i Hans E. Kincks tragedie Den sidste Gjest (1910)
Authors: Eriksen Roy
Published: October 2015

In his play on Pietro Aretino (1492-1556), the Norwegian dramatist and novelist Hans E. Kinck (1865-1926) focuses on his character's relationship to the body and use of young women, in particular the young girl, Perina. A writer of great repute among his contemporaries Aretino is today known for his letters, plays, scandalous dialogues and pornographic sonnets in which grotesque images of the body are frequent. Kinck turns the Italian letterato both into a tragic victim of his own drives and a ruthless victimizer, although he in the process must avoid many aspects of Aretino's writing and character that it would be impossible to reproduce in print at the time, but in so doing he both rejects and redescripts metaphors for the body and writing we recognize from Rabelais, Shakespeare, and Nashe. Aretino's famed obesity and incessant appetite become metaphors for Aretino's struggle for fame and immortality, but are also signs of the fetishization and expenditure of young girls in Early Modern Venetian society, and in the Europe of Kinck's own time. This reading "against the grain" tries to ease out the actuality of the play and the reason for the different data Kinck gives for Perina's age in the play and in En Penneknegt (1911).
Operabygningen i Oslo: et økologisk paradoks
Authors: Haugdal Elin
Published: October 2015

This essay discusses the Oslo Opera House building designed by Snøhetta (inaugurated 2008) as one of three monumental buildings in EU's Eco Culture Program and a so called demonstration building for ecological solutions in architecture. The most visible result in the Opera building is a large-scale glass wall with integrated solar cell panels, producing electricity as well as providing sun shading. The real ecological values, however, are hardly to be measured in money or watt, nor in reduced emissions or climatic change. This solar wall is first and foremost putting a strong ecological intention on display.With its giant ecological footprint Snøhetta's building can never be defended with­in a rational, environmental discourse. It is a contradictory example of sustainable architecture measured up against crucial factors like situatedness, construction and materials, energy consumption and costs. But this spectacular monumental construction which presents a new urban space in a former industrial part of the city, needs to be studied in accordance with deep ecology theories like Félix Guattari's Les trois écologies (1989). Guattari's extended definition of ecology, including sociocultural conditions and human mentality, gives an opportunity to discuss ecology not first and foremost as a rational and ethical challenge in architecture but as an aesthetical.
Russian Queens of Crime Novels and their Gender Stereotypes
Authors: Komarova Olga
Published: October 2015

Every autumn Muscovites who like books eagerly anticipate the most important event of the year, a great international book market in Moscow where almost every publishing house in the country presents its new offerings. This event represents an occasion to look at and buy new books, and a chance to meet a favourite author and receive an autograph. It is almost certain that the most popular authors will be the well-known women writers of crime stories. While some of the male writers may feel offended, it is a well-known fact that the Russian literature of detection is dominated by women.
Going on beyond Modernism in Beckett's Texts for Nothing
Authors: Moi Ruben
Published: October 2015

The title of Samuel Beckett's thirteen minimalist prose texts from 1954, Texts for Nothing, contrasts strongly with the award of the Nobel Prize for literature and the canonization of the author in 1969. This prestigiousrecognition can clearly be regarded as a public act of Beckettian irony, as hardly any other author has done more to refute ideas of canonicity and to undermine the foundations of the institution of literature - not to mention principal philosophical positions. Beckett's failure to appear at the ceremonial event seems symbolic of the many elsewheres of his idiosyncratic imagination and the uncanny resistance in his texts to the demands of aesthetics and the claims of logics, to whose reconstructions his diversity of textual experimentalism has contributed so forcefully.
Øystein Rottem 1946-2004
Authors: Knutsen Nils Magne
Published: October 2015

Nekrolog for Øystein Rottem
"Men mennesket lever så længe." En lesning av Hamsuns "Feberdikte"
Authors: Arntzen Even
Published: October 2015

Dette skal handle om Hamsuns “Feberdikte”, fra Hamsuns første ogeneste diktsamling, Det vilde kor, utgitt i 1904. Øystein Rottem ogjeg snakket mang en gang om at noen burde sette seg ned og ta forseg denne teksten på analytisk vis. Så her kommer et lite forsøk.
Er fru Ruben jødisk eller ikke? En drøfting av hennes karakter i Hamsuns Siste Kapitel
Authors: Mähönen Heini , Måseide Anna Klara
Published: October 2015

I denne artikkelen vil vi diskutere karakteren fru Ruben fra Hamsuns roman Siste Kapitel, som utkom i 1923. I sammenheng med denne karakteren ønsker vi å se henne i lys av Allen Simpsons artikkel "Knut Hamsun's Anti-Semitism" der han kaller henne for "Hamsun`s mostoffensive anti-Semitic fictional creation." Simpson argumenterer her for at Hamsun ved flere anledninger bekjentgjør sine politiske standpunkt og tydeliggjør dem gjennom diktningen sin. Dette kommer allerede frem ved en av artikkelens mellomtitler, "Anti-Semitism in Hamsun's Authorship", som peker mot en lesning av Hamsun og hans forfatterskap som vanskelig kan misforstås.Simpsons argumentasjonsmetode later ikke til å ta hensyn til nødvendigheten av en narratologisk analyse; istedenfor virker det som om argumentasjonen baseres på Hamsuns liv, hans kulturelle og politiske sympatier og antipatier. En slik bruk av historisk-biografiskopplysninger kan være problematisk, fordi teksten selv risikerer å bli tilsidesatt. Simpson hevder at Hamsun i Siste Kapitel klart knytter an til anti-semittiske referanser, slik som navn, bruk av terminologi,utseende og andre klisjeer om jøder og han knytter disse opp til karakteren fru Ruben. Han konkluder med at hun må være jødisk, til tross for en slående mangel på konkret tekstlig belegg omkring karakterens religiøse og kulturelle tilknytning. På bakgrunn av Simpsons sterke påstand kombinert med mangelfull tekstlig illustrasjon, ønsker vi å drøfte fru Rubens jødiske opphav.
"Heller ikke i dette skrift er det uutsigelige sagt". Det nordiska neoavantgardets estetik - exemplen Fahlström, Hodell & Højholt
Authors: Bäckström Per
Published: October 2015

Det nordiska neoavantgardet har hittills i liten grad varit föremål för utforskning i sin helhet. Forskningsuppgiften som sådan innebär i sig en empirisk utmaning, eftersom förbindelserna mellan länderna oftabara nämns i förbigående i större historieskrivningar, och man måste söka i ett stort och utspritt textbestånd bestående av minnesskildringar, tidskrifts- och tidningsartiklar etc. Jag inleder med en kort diskussion av det nordiska utbytet under 60-talet, följt av nedslag hos de tre svenska och danska avantgardisterna och författarna Öyvind Fahlströms, Åke Hodells och Per Højholts, vars text-ljudkompositioner finns utgivna på cd-skivor. Mitt syfte är att demonstrera (neo-)avantgardets gränsöverskridande karaktär i tre olika men inbördes relaterade avseenden: att 60-talet präglades av en bred nordisk interaktion; att skrifter, manifest och andra texter av de tre författarna ger uttryck för en tvärestetisk poetologi; att avantgardet lägger tonvikten på den processuella skapelseprocessen.Det jag har valt att fokusera på är alltså den poetologi som ligger till grund för genreöverskridande konst som t.ex. text-ljudkompositioner. Resultaten kan ofta rubriceras som både poesi, happening, teater ochperformance, och är i hög grad ett resultat av 60-talets medieutveckling med lätthanterliga bandspelare, transistorradio, TV m.m. Även om konstverken i sig kanske inte alltid är lika intressanta ut estetisk synpunkt, fördjupar en analys av den bakomliggande idévärlden förståelsen för det nordiska neoavantgardets betydelse och den kreativitet som präglade 60-talet.
The Thief and the Shaman
Authors: Fellman Jacob
Published: October 2015

A traditional poem, from Jakob Fellman. Anteckningar under min vistelse i Lappmarken. Andra delen, “Lappska sånger och sagor”. Helsingfors 1906.English translation John Weinstock.
Border Crossings, Pathfinders and New Visions:The Role of Sámi Literature in Contemporary Society
Authors: Kuokkanen Rauna
Published: October 2015

In this article, I will consider some of the current issues and concerns in contemporary Sámi literature. I view them as border crossings particularly because it seems that at least in certain ways, Sámi literature is on crossroads faced with some tough and serious issues. I suggest that we need to perceive Sámi writers as pathfinders who can, through their writing, guide us in considering what are the paths that the Sámi need to take today in order to have an active cultural connection in the future. Moreover, what is urgently needed in Sámi society is reclaiming Sámi values and vision for contemporary contexts in a meaningful way. In this process, Sámi writers have also a central role as they are the ones who constantly weave the past, present and future into a fabric that gives us the meanings we need to stay grounded in who we are.
An Essay about Indigenous Methodology
Authors: Porsanger Jelena
Published: October 2015

In this essay the author intends to articulate methodological issues, which are primarily important for indigenous researchers in the light of the indigenous perspective.
Eiszeit Tankred Dorst’s Hamsun: "alt, taub, und tod"
Authors: Conner Thomas
Published: October 2015

In this paper I will take a closer look at Tankred Dorst’s play and show how it uses well-known motifs from the Hamsun legend and weaves them together to create a provocative new image of him.
En malstrøm til begjær. Moskenesstraumen som myte og metafor hos Petter Dass, Edgar Allan Poe og Jules Verne
Authors: Arntzen Even
Published: October 2015

Gjennom uminnelige tider har mennesket vært fascinert av havet. I en rekke skapelsesmyter fremstår gjerne havet som en positiv størrelse, en pulserende og livgivende urtidsstrøm. Men ved siden av å være en raus kilde til liv, er havet også nært forbundet med undergang og død,forlis og drukning. Få havstykker har som den beryktede Moskenesstraumen fått denne havets dobbelthet knyttet til seg - på den ene siden verdens største barselseng, på den annen side dødens grusomme svelg. Kanskje med unntak av Bermuda-trianglet i Sargassohavet, stedet hvor skip, og etter hvert også fly, angivelig skal ha forsvunnet sporløst i årevis, er det neppe noe havområde i verden som opp gjennom århundrene er blitt beskrevet og illustrert i tilsvarende grad som Moskenesstraumen. I denne artikkelen skal jeg rette fokus mot tre av de mange som, på høyst forskjellig vis, har latt seg fascinere og inspirere av Moskenesstraumen, nemlig Petter Dass, Edgar Allan Poeog Jules Verne.
Det nordnorske stedet i Roy Jacobsens Det nye vannet (1987)
Authors: Johansen Lennart
Published: October 2015

Jeg vil analysere Roy Jacobsens Det nye vannet med oppmerksomheta vendt mot et forholdsvis nytt fenomen innafor litteraturvitenskapen, nemlig interessen for rommet. Som litteraturviteren Frederik Tygstrup påpeker i artikkelen “Det litterære rum”, har litteraturvitenskapen helt siden Aristoteles’ teoretiske avhandling Poetikken ansett tida som det strukturerende grunnelement i fortellinga. Det vil si at fokuset har vært retta mot komposisjonen av begivenhetene i et tidsmessig forløp, mens rommet i liten grad har blitt tilgodesett med oppmerksomhet. I dag anser man imidlertid i større grad enn tidligere rommets karakter som medbestemmende i hvilke handlinger, situasjoner og tenkemåter som er mulig innafor det samme rommet.Med dette utgangspunktet vil jeg undersøke noen av de konsekvenser jeg mener å se følger av at handlinga i Det nye vannet er lagt til Nord-Norge. I arbeidet vil jeg nærme meg det nordnorske fra det mer allmenne. Jeg vil altså starte ved å anslå tekstens tematikk, hvor vi kommer til å se at forandring, og redsel for sådan, står sentralt. Deretter vil jeg komme inn på Jacobsens nordnorske sted i forhold til denne tematikken. Romanen handler blant annet om møter mellom mennesker med ulike tanke- og levesett, eller mennesker tilhørende ulike livsrom. Her vil det si møter mellom det urbane og det nord-norske livsrom. I tillegg til å synliggjøre livsrommenes særtrekk, vil jeg også komme inn på møtenes konsekvenser. I den anledning kommer vi til å se at romanen problematiserer tradisjonelle dikotomatiske motsetninger av typen natur – kultur. Jeg vil underveis i arbeidet, og særlig i avslutningskapitlet, argumentere for at forfatteren forfekter nødvendigheta av erfaringsutveksling mellom de to livsrommene. Før jeg kommer inn på romanen, vil jeg imidlertid presentere den teori om rommet i litteraturen jeg vil anvende.67
Litt fra bokhøsten 2001
Authors: Wærp Henning Howlid
Published: October 2015

Anmeldelser av:Laila Stien: SvømmetakNoveller. Tiden norsk forlag 2001Yngve Pedersen: Lysning ForelderOktober 2002, 46 s.Odd W. Surén: Dråper i havet, Aschehoug 1998, 166 s.                      Kometenes øyeblikk, Aschehoug 2001, 283 s.
La matérialité décadente et l'économie: entre la fascination et la ruse
Authors: Sicotte Geneviève
Published: October 2015

Decadent literature is characterized by numerous descriptions of material luxury, whether in decoration, clothing and trinkets. This treatment of materiality has generally been interpreted by critics as a literary refusal of the bourgeois world, which was seen to be obsessed with productive work. But the evolution of the bourgeoisie in the last decades of the 19th century leads to new types of consumption precisely based on the useless and the unnecessary. It must then be understood that the literary representation of luxury is in part influenced by the behavior of the rising haute bourgeoisie of the time. Therefore, the decadent materialism could be seen not as a transgressive figure, but as a figure of disengagement, strongly influenced by the social codes of its time. However, in the most interesting literary texts, the representation of beautiful objects is problematized, marked by negativity, the gift and the play on the decorative status of the text. This representation sets up the terms of a real economic counter-discourse.
Le mage comme métaphore de l'écrivain: le cas de Joséphin Péladan
Authors: Gardini Michela
Published: October 2015

Joséphin Péladan, author of Décadence Latine and also founder of the Rose+Croix du Temple et du Graal Confraternity, represents from various angles the symbol of  that cultural atmosphere which characterizes the end of the nineteenth century. As he stigmatizes the moral and cultural decline of his contemporaries, Péladan creates the character of Mérodack the Magus, described as a supreme being that arises above the bourgeois mediocrity and who, thanks to a self-sublimation process based on will-power, according to the outlook already traced by Eliphas Lévi, not only can redeem himself, but also can show the direction for a shared redemption. However, as a matter of fact, the solipsistic and narcissistic attitude of the Magus ends by overwhelming any social temptation. In this path which shows preferential connections between literature and occultism, the Magus, former other self of the author, his double in the mirror, as their physical resemblance and the interchange of names prove, rises to the metaphor of the writer: both committed to a self-referring dimension, they transgress the bourgeois rules of productivity by changing magic and writing into an ascesis, a self-commemorative operation only consecrated to the ego. This idea of magic, conceived as a metaphor of writing as well, as a hermetic and mystic operation appears, in conclusion as the utmost accomplishment, daintily decadent, of Mallarmé's poetry conception, just a supreme act, which is to find the reason of his own existence solely in itself.
Deux figures féminines hors normes de la fin du XIXe siècle – Raoule de Rachilde et Selma de Benedictson
Authors: Carlander Cecilia
Published: October 2015

A year after the French success scandal that Rachilde had with her decadent novel Monsieur Vénus, a novel by the Swedish writer Victoria Benedictsson, Money [Pengar], is published in Sweden in 1885. The two novels focus on young women having to find their identities within society's new possibilities, as well as the new gender roles; developed by the new society. In their relations with both conventional and non-conventional male characters, the two female characters transgress society's former established and given norms. In this article, the aim is to present how two female protagonists, the French Raoule and the Swedish Selma, are given different background conditions and qualities that finally can contribute to picture and explain their outstanding independence. Moreover, the new gender roles and their impact on the two female characters are discussed within themes and terms such as the "new woman", androgynity, sexuality and other explicite ingredients and symbols often discussed in a decadent context. Through the comparisons, this article shows how the two female portraits express the decadent transgressivity, in several aspects similarly, with individual voices, despite their two separate literary milieux.
La sphinx décadente: topos et poetique de la transgression
Authors: Revol-Marzouk Lise
Published: October 2015

During the last decades of the 19th century, the Sphinx, in its Egyptian representation, seems to be on the decline. This figure, which traditionally embodies the universal mystery, is particularly threatened in a world beset by materialistic disillusion. Texts and pictures portray a myth in agony, with such tediousness that it has become a cliché. Decadent imagination then seizes upon another myth which is particularly suitable, both in its form and its history, to regenerate the old Sphinx: the Greek Sphinx. As the riddle teller of the Theban legend, it shares with its Egyptian ancestor, in addition to its homonymy and hybridism, a strong taste for secret; but it also has shown, since the very beginning, its multifaceted behaviour of transgression - ontological, religious, social and, above all, sexual. Replacing esotericism by eroticism and the metaphysical quest by the physical conquest restores mystery to its libidinal aspect. It reminds us that all knowledge, be it carnal or spiritual, comes from an original transgression which, driven by the libido sciendi, exceeds the acceptable limits. This approach is not without pitfalls. An overly caricatured and systematic metamorphosis of the legendary monster into a femme fatale risks condemning theSphinx to topos and the reader to fatigue. It would, however, omit the ultimate transgression committed by the Hellenic Sphinx: transgression of language, of course, by its riddles, obscure and ambivalent, violating the norms of logic and rhetoric. The decadent Sphinx's sexual provocation is thus accompanied by a textual innovation at all levels, leading the reader in a constant game of poetic transgressions that are as destabilizing as they are seductive. Behind the erotic revival of mystery, a new and unexpected type of language develops that is capable of re-enchanting reality, and with it, all literature.
"Ne me touchez pas!": Transgressions décadentes d’une parole biblique
Authors: Ducrey Guy
Published: October 2015

By following the use made by playwrights and writers around 1900 of a famous biblical sentence (John XX, 16-17), this essay hopes to outline some major features of the decadent imagination and poetics in Europe. From Balzac onwards, Jesus' sentence to Mary Magdalene after his resurrection ("Do not touch me") is used on stage (Ibsen, Maeterlinck, Lorrain, Sardou, D'Annunzio) or by novelists (Rachilde) in the context of an encounter between the living and the dead. The famous sentenceis now very often pronounced by women on the stage - and thus reflects the threatening aggression of men, in the context of violence between the sexes. Far from conveying the Bible's message of hope and resurrection, the considered texts lead it astray on the paths of pessimism and despair. Yet their issue is not only philosophical. They also reveal the poetics of Decadence: pronounced only once in the Bible, the phrase becomes almost a leitmotif in the productions of 1900 and reveals a deep mistrust in the power of language. Profanation of the holy message, distortion of the Word, stammering pronunciation - some of Decadence's poetics and aesthetics are illuminated through the uses (and misuses) of this one single, but famous, sentence.
Edison's Modern Legend in Villiers' L'Eve future
Authors: Oancea Ana
Published: October 2015

This paper analyzes the characterization of Thomas Edison in Villiers de l’Isle-Adam’s L’Eve future (1886) in an effort to explain how the author constructs this figure’s modern legend in the novel’s “oeuvre d’art-métaphysique.” Choosing an inventor protagonist in a work that recommends itself on its serious, artistic purpose stands out in late 19th century literature because, at the time, such characters are associated with popular literature. Villiers stresses the uniqueness of his Edison by suggesting comparisons with such literary and mythological precursors as Faust and Prometheus only to show that his protagonist has little in common with them: this inventor looks down upon humanity and wishes to reform it, while being arrogant and happy in his lucrative business.Edison’s seemingly occult task is to copy a woman, and this paper argues he achieves success not because he produces a functioning android but because he presents his machine as an occult device to his decadent interlocutor. This spectacular marketing recalls that of the phonograph, as well as the staging of devices in Edison’s stands in theInternational and Electrical Expositions of the 1870s and 1880s. Villiers’ depiction of the protagonist as astute showman does not, however, amount to a criticism of his technological abilities. Instead, the author’s emphasis on these characteristics goes to solidify his legend as a modern, unique tale of economic success through applied science.
To anmeldere
Authors: Egeberg Erik , Wærp Henning Howlid
Published: October 2015

Anmeldt av Erik Egeberg:Marianne Egeland: Hvem bestemmer over livet? Biografien som historisk og litterær genre.Geir Kjestaa: Lev Tolstoj: Den russiske jords store dikter.Anmeldt av Henning Howlid Wærp:Hanne Ørstadvik: Like sant som jeg er virkeligKyrre Andreassen: BarringerFrode Grytten: BikubesongErlend Loe: LOla Bauer: ForløperenElin Brodin: Unaturlig
"Das wahre Leben im falschen": Erscheinungsformen ostdeutscher Identität in nach-wende-Texten
Authors: Skare Roswitha
Published: October 2015

Beginning with a short review about the question of East-German identity, texts by Daniela Dahn, Thomas Rosenlöcher and Hans-J. Misselwitz are analysed to show how history is recounted through stories. Despite the authors’ different biographical backgrounds and their varying literary styles, the three chosen texts have two things in common: the central positioning of an ‘East-We’ and the use of small literary forms – be it in the form of anecdote, joke, almanac story or by example – guarantees not only the preservation of individual and collective experiences, but their reproduction as well.
To anmeldelser
Authors: Wærp Henning Howlid , Nesby Linda Hamrin
Published: October 2015

Nina Witoszek: Norske naturmytologier. Anmeldt av Henning WærpSteinar Gimnes: Sjølbiografiar. Skrift, fiksjon og liv. Anmeldt av Linda Nesby
Fem anmeldelser
Authors: Engelskjøn Ragnhild , Wærp Henning Howlid , Utnes Astrid , Stokke Elin
Published: October 2015

Magnhild Bruheim: Varlset; Liv Marit Idsø og Anne Marie Seem: Midt i jakta og  Liv H Willumsen: Havmannens datter. Regine Normann - et livsløp, anmeldt av Ragnhild EngelskjønTore Hoel: Trygve Gulbranssen og kritikken, anmeldt av Henning Howlid WærpHarald Bache-Wiig: Nye veier til barneboka, anmeldt av Astrid UtnesOlav Solberg: Tekst møter tekst. Kristin Lavransdatter og mellomalderen, anmeldt av Elin Stokke
Svalbardforskning og svalbardpolitikk 1870-1925 Forskere som politiske aktører
Authors: Drivenes Einar-Arne
Published: October 2015

The research and commercial activity in the Scandinavian portion of the Arctic increased appreciably in the last decades of the 19th century and up until the 1920s. Not unexpectedly, the idea arose during this period to bring the largest group of the as yet unclaimed Arctic islands, Spitsbergen, under Norwegian or Swedish control. Norwegian political ambitions in the far north seem to have expanded proportionally with economic and scientific activity. What role did science play in this process? In the contest to win Svalbard, Norwegian authorities deliberately used research results and research activity as justification that Spitsbergen was Norwegian. Also, Spitsbergen researchers worked systematically towards a Norwegian conquest of the archipelago, economic and cultural at first, but ultimately political.
Norsk-russisk miljø- og ressursforvaltning i nordområdene
Authors: Honneland Geir
Published: October 2015

Since the end of the Cold War, a flourishing network of collaboration has grown up between Russia and neighbouring Nordic countries in the European North, especially Norway. The Barents Euro-Arctic Region (BEAR) was established in 1993 by several North European states and regional administrative entities in Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. Its aim is to promote relations across the old East-Westdivide in the European North, and enable joint projects in a number of areas, including trade and industry, student exchange and indigenous issues. In addition,Russia and Norway are pursuing various bilateral schemes focused on a particular problem or challenge in the North. One of them is the Joint Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Commission, which manages the valuable fish resources in the Barents Sea.In various bilateral and multilateral partnerships, Norway is working to address the environmental problems on the Kola Peninsula. This article gives a brief overview of these cooperative arrangements.
Roald Amundsen - fortellinger om en polarhelt
Authors: Aarekol Lena
Published: October 2015

2011 is the Nansen-Amundsen Year in Norway. This year celebrate two anniversaries with great significance for Norway. It is 150 years since the birth of Fritdjof Nansen and 100 years since Roald Amundsen, accompanied by four of his men, arrived as the first at the South Pole. During this year several new exhibitions has been made and displayed in different museums in Norway. The article surveys the role of today's museums has in forming the narratives about the Norwegian polar history, the polar heroes and Roald Amundsen especially. An examination of a so called traditional Polar exhibition shows that their main focus on artifacts and theirlack of contextualization, gives the exhibition an aura of authenticity. While new exhibitions are characterized by emphasis on contextualization, critical questions and giving different groups a voice. It is argued that the museums both contributes to conserve the prevailing concepts and representations, but also contributes to give new understandings and perspectives of Roald Amundsen and the Norwegian Polar history. It is important to understand how the museums exhibitions are contributing to the collective memory.
Norge og EU – partnere i Arktis
Authors: Wegge Njord
Published: October 2015

This article raises three main questions: (i) What characterizes the EEC/EU's relationship to the Arctic? (ii) What issues/areas have caused problems for the EU in becoming a more relevant actor in the Arctic? (iii) To what degree has Norway been able to exert influence on the Union's ongoing Arctic policy development? By chronologically reviewing the EEC/EU's relationship to the Arctic the article demonstrates that the intensity and interest for the Northern region has varied dramatically from great interest to near ignorance. While the Greenlandic population in 1982, due to cultural and economic disputes, left the EEC, the Union's most recent challenges with respect to becoming a relevant actor in the Arctic has concerned disagreements with some of the Arctic states. These disputes have primarily included discord on 1. The Law of the seas' role in the Arctic, 2. the EU's desire to become a permanent observer in the Arctic Council and finally, 3. The EU's ban on seal products in the Common market. The article concludes by describing how Norway has been one, if not the most, important Arctic state for the Union, and that Norway has benefitted from a cooperative approach towards the EU. The cooperative approach has indirectly given Norway an opportunity to influence the outcome of the EU's Arctic policy.
Arktisk politik og regimedannelse i 2010'erne
Authors: Petersen Nikolaj
Published: October 2015

Recent developments have placed the High North on the international agenda. These include global warming, the prospects of major oil and gas finds, the opening of the Arctic Ocean to international shipping and the ongoing partition of its outer continental shelf between the five coastal states. In the so-called Ilulissat Declaration of 2008 these "Arctic Five" promised to play according to the UNCLOS rules and to shoulder their responsibility as coastal states. Despite this, the future may see both cooperation and conflict in the Arctic. The aim of the article is to discuss the possibilities of cooperative schemes, regimes, to regulate the problems which increasing shipping and extraction industries and fisheries may cause. First, a survey of future Arctic actors and fora is presented. While Arctic politics isstill dominated by the eight members of the Arctic Council, other actors, most clearly China, South Korea, Japan and the European Commission, are pressuring for influence. Furthermore, the Arctic Council is pressured by the "Arctic Five" and has reacted by establishing a secretariat and by adopting its first binding decision, anagreement on cooperation in search and rescue operations. Other relevant fora are the IMO, the WMO and UNCLOS. Next, an inventory of future "tasks" facing the Arctic nations is presented. They include defence tasks, sovereignty tasks, national authority tasks, and tasks, which can only (or best) be handled in regimes. Such regimes seem most needed with respect to international shipping. In the final section the discussion on possible regimes gets more concrete. Many tasks can best be handled by the IMO, but the Arctic Council, the WMO and UNCLOS have also roles to play. In particular, the five Arctic costal states have acrucial role as providers of specific regime services. Without their participation Arctic regime-formation is a non-starter,
Filmmusikken i Nanook of the North: fra kompilasjon til partitur
Authors: Skare Roswitha
Published: October 2015

The article starts with the film's premiere in New York in 1922. With help of 2 cuesheets - probably compiled in 1922 - the music of one scene ("Winter") is examined, before the article takes a look into 2 original scores composed by Stanley Silvermanand Timothy Brock for either VHS or DVD editions of the film. It turns out that these original scores give much more priority to the pictures than the music that probably accompanied Nanook in 1922. One explanation for this might be found in the different experiences of today's audiences concerning film in general and film music in particular.
Naturressursene og verdenspolitikken på Svalbard 1596-2011
Authors: Berg Roald
Published: October 2015

The history of Spitsbergen/Svalbard has been characterized by a combination of masculine heroism and continuous struggle for the natural resources at the islands. In the beginning, from the 16th century, it was an international struggle for the harvesting of the whale and walrus; its value was so great that international conflicts led to the development of such doctrines as mare clausum and mare liberum ininternational law. The competition for the utilization of the coal resources led the Americans near annexation during the first decade of the 20th century before Norway received sovereignty over the islands after the first world war and the services of the Norwegian merchant fleet during that war. After the cold war the oil deposits in the Barents Sea might trigger another period of resource struggle at the islands and the oceans around them.
Vetenskaplig expertis och Nordområdets naturresurser
Authors: Wråkberg Urban
Published: October 2015

The essay reflects on political pressures exerted by and on scientists and technologists acting as advisors on political and economic matters of the high north.It uses two case studies to do this. One consists in the group of scientists from several nations who engaged as advisors to their foreign offices in the process leading up tothe ratification of the Spitsbergen/Svalbard treaty in 1920. The focus is on the discourse regarding hunting, mining and nature protections on these islands. The second case is the way technologists and geological scientists were engaged in the industrialisation of the USSR. These contexts of course differ in scale and in many other ways but are similar in certain respects. The discussion is centred on the problems of technocracy which is commented based on the Frankfurt school's elaborations on the open society and differing interpretations of technological determinism. This is related further to contemporary contentions over the balance between scientific based environmental stewardship and technological management in northern raw material extraction.
Polare maskuliniteter
Authors: Hauan Marit Anne
Published: October 2015

In this paper my aim is to read and understand the journal of Gerrit de Veer from the last journey of William Barents to the Arctic Regions in 1596 and the journal of captain Junge on his hunting trip from Tromsø to Svalbard in 1834.It is nearly 240 years between this to voyages. The first journal is known as the earliest report from the arctic era. Gerrit de Veer adds instructive copper engravings to his text and give us insight in the crews meeting with this new land. Captain Junges journal is found together with his dead crew in a house in a fjord nearby Ny-Ålesund and has no drawings, but word. Both of these journals may be read as sources of the knowledge and understanding of the polar region. They might also unveil the ideas of how to deal with and survive under the challenges that is given. In addition one can ask if the sources can tell us more about how men describe their challenges. Can the way they expressed themselves in the journals give us an understanding of masculinity? And not least help us to create good questions of the change in the ideas of masculinities which is said to follow the change in understanding of the wilderness.
Platsens sanning. Performativitet och gränsdragningar i tornedalsk litteraturhistoria och grammatik
Authors: Heith Anne
Published: October 2015

The language Meänkieli is an official minority language in Sweden since the year 2000. The acknowledgement of the existence of historical linguistic minorities reflects the fact that  Sweden  has  always  been  a multiethnic  and  multilingual  space.  Long  before  the present day borders were established there were Sami people and Finno-Ugric groups of people in the northernmost parts of Scandinavia. Since a couple of decades the cultural mobilization among the Swedish Tornedalians has been intensified. Publishing houses which  publish  in  Meänkieli (previously  called  Tornedalian  Finnish)  have  been established. Furthermore there are conscious attempts at constructing a literary tradition and at producing grammar books of Meänkieli. In 2007 the first volume of a Tornedalian literary history co-authored by Bengt Pohjanen and Kirsti Johansson was published, Den tornedalsfinska  litteraturen. Från  Kexi  till  Liksom.  Two  years  later  a  second  volume, Den tornedalsfinska  litteraturen.  Från  Kalkkimaa  till  Hilja  Byström,  was published. Both volumes performatively construct a specific Tornedalian literary tradition which is distinguished  from  a  Swedish  national tradition.  This  may  be  interpreted  as  a  deconstruction of notions of a homogeneous Swedish nation through the production of local truths which challenge culturally homogenizing nation-building.
Tromsø som samisk by? – Språkideologier og medienes rolle i språkdebatten
Authors: Hiss Florian
Published: October 2015

This article presents a critical analysis of the discursive practices in the public debate on Sámi language in Tromsø. The conflict around the political plan of Tromsø municipality to join the administrative area for the Sámi language lasted for about one year and was largely  carried out in  the  local  newspapers,  which  had  established  themselves  as  an arena and broker in the conflict. The focus of this study is, on the one hand, on the role of the media in the debate and, on the other hand, on the socially constructed relations between Sámi and Norwegian language and social meanings, which get expressed in a highly  ideological  picture of  language  and  local  identity  and  form  the  ground  for the language conflict. The analytic strategy is twofold: as a first step, the study focuses on the reproduction of  language  ideologies  in  letters  to  the  editor  and readers’  contributions  to  the  local papers’  discussion  pages.  The identification  of  the  three  semiotic  processes  of iconization (rhematization),  fractal  recursivity,  and  erasure  reveals  how  the writers’ expressions of opinion are anchored in a language ideology that connects Sámi language with  certain  social  values  and  ignores  a larger  linguistic  and  cultural  diversity  in  the town of Tromsø. As a second step, the analysis explores the journalistic treatment of the multitude of conflicting voices in the debate and critically sheds light on the construction of a journalistic voice. Although the journalists claim to construe a seemingly neutral ground for their reports (or independent comments), the analysis shows that journalists use  the  representation of  various  voices  in  their  texts  to  construe  a positioned, evaluating, and  ideologically  anchored  journalistic  voice.  In  face  of  the  highly ideological character of the language debate in Tromsø, I argue that local journalism has failed in countering the ideological picture of language and society through information and independent journalism.
The Elephant in the Room: A Place for Wikipedia in Higher Education?
Authors: Brox Hilde
Published: October 2015

The article departs from a pilot survey among Norwegian teacher students that maps their usage, skills and attitudes in relation to the web based encyclopedia Wikipedia. The survey shows that the students are heavy users of Wikipedia content yet show a low  level  of knowledge as  to  how content  is  constructed  or  the  ways  in  which Wikipedia differs  from traditional,  paper-based  encyclopedias.  The  students also express little interest in parttaking in creating content or maintaining the site. The second part of the article argues that a way to remedy both lack of knowledge and interest  among  students  is  to  bring  Wikipedia  actively  into  the classrooms and enable students to take part in creating and maintaining Wikipedia content. This way, Wikipedia may serve as an effective tool with which to address and enhance a range of central 21st century skills.
Arktiske diskurser - mennesket i Arktis
Authors: Wærp Henning Howlid
Published: October 2015

The article discusses the definition of the Arctic in Norway – by asking questions like ´where is the Arctic, what is the Arctic´ – and by investigate extracts from literature and politics, travelogues and tourism. The author shows that there are multiple definitions of the Arctic, and that many of them are connected to certain interests.