bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulating viral capitalism: four stages in a pathology of accumulation
Authors: Whyte David
Published: June 2022

This paper analyses the ecology of SARS-CoV-19 as a phenomenon of capitalist political economy. It argues that the biological conditions that allowed the virus to emerge must be understood within a broader set of concrete political and economic conditions. At every stage in the emergence and spread of the virus, we can observe its mediation through the processes of capital accumulation. The paper therefore argues that the emergence and the spread of SARS-CoV-19 can be understood as a ‘pathology of accumulation’. Regimes of capital accumulation always depend upon complex regimes of regulation. Wherever capital seeks to accumulate, it must be nurtured and supported by states. The rate and scale of capital accumulation depends on how access to common resources, labour, public wealth and public infrastructures is guaranteed, regulated and policed by states. The paper therefore seeks to analyse the regimes of accumulation that produce zoonotic pathogens like SARS-CoV-19, across four ‘moments’ or stages: release (in predatory practices of capitalist development); amplification (in the upscaling of industrial farming); spread (in sites of social concentration); and medical intervention (in the commodification of testing and vaccination regimes).
Fabrication of a reflective polarization wavelength filter via anodization of a Ti grating film
Authors: Yamada Itsunari
Published: June 2022

A reflective-type polarization wavelength filter was fabricated by anodizing a Ti grating film. This polarization filter consisted of a Ti film, an anodized titanium oxide film (thickness

∼

25

n
m

), and a photoresist grating with a pitch of 410 nm. The reflectance was less than 10% for both polarizations at 490–675 nm at an incident angle of 9°. In addition, the transverse electric (TE) reflectance of the fabricated element was over 40%, whereas the transverse magnetic (TM) reflectance was 25.8% at 375 nm. Upon increasing the incident angle to 75°, the TE reflectance increased to 77.8% at 375 nm, whereas the TM reflectance decreased to 5.9%.
Layered gallium sulfide optical properties from monolayer to CVD crystalline thin films
Authors: Gutiérrez Yael , Juan Dilson , Dicorato Stefano , Santos Gonzalo , Duwe Matthias , Thiesen Peter H. , Giangregorio Maria M. , Palumbo Fabio , Hingerl Kurt , Cobet Christoph , García-Fernández Pablo , Junquera Javier , Moreno Fernando , Losurdo Maria
Published: June 2022

Interest in layered van der Waals semiconductor gallium monosulfide (GaS) is growing rapidly because of its wide band gap value between those of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides and of insulating layered materials such as hexagonal boron nitride. For the design of envisaged optoelectronic, photocatalytic and photonic applications of GaS, the knowledge of its dielectric function is fundamental. Here we present a combined theoretical and experimental investigation of the dielectric function of crystalline 2H-GaS from monolayer to bulk. Spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry with micron resolution measurements are corroborated by first principle calculations of the electronic structure and dielectric function. We further demonstrate and validate the applicability of the established dielectric function to the analysis of the optical response of c-axis oriented GaS layers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). These optical results can guide the design of novel, to our knowledge, optoelectronic and photonic devices based on low-dimensional GaS.
Monolithic integration of electro-absorption modulators and photodetectors on III-V CMOS photonics platform by quantum well intermixing
Authors: Sekine Naoki , Sumita Kei , Toprasertpong Kasidit , Takagi Shinichi , Takenaka Mitsuru
Published: June 2022

Quantum well intermixing (QWI) on a III-V-on-insulator (III-V-OI) substrate is presented for active-passive integration. Shallow implantation at a high temperature, which is essential for QWI on a III-V-OI substrate, is accomplished by phosphorus molecule ion implantation. As a result, the bandgap wavelength of multi-quantum wells (MQWs) on a III-V-OI substrate is successfully tuned by approximately 80 nm, enabling the monolithic integration of electro-absorption modulators and waveguide photodetectors using a lateral p-i-n junction formed along the InP/MQW/InP rib waveguide. Owing to the III-V-OI structure and the rib waveguide structure, the parasitic capacitance per unit length can be reduced to 0.11 fF/µm, which is suitable for high-speed and low-power modulators and photodetectors. The presented QWI can extend the possibility of a III-V complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) photonics platform for large-scale photonic integrated circuits.
Broadband silicon grating couplers with high efficiency and a robust design
Authors: Zemtsov Daniil S. , Zhigunov Denis M. , Kosolobov Sergey S. , Zemtsova Anastasia K. , Puplauskis Marius , Pshenichnyuk Ivan A. , Drachev Vladimir P.
Published: June 2022

A record-high efficiency and bandwidth for a fiber-to-chip grating
coupler have been achieved with a robust design and cost-effective
fabrication on a silicon-on-insulator platform. The design
optimization involves the usual geometrical parameters, period, and
fill factor, and a mode matching for the fiber output and grating. The
measured coupling efficiency for TE polarization and 1 dB bandwidth
are −2.64 dB (54 %) per grating and 67 nm, respectively. The 3 dB
bandwidth exceeds 100 nm, fully covering the C + L band. The results
fill the gap between theory and experimental realization in the
existing literature.
Tissue-specific inhibition of protein sumoylation uncovers diverse SUMO functions during C. elegans vulval development
Authors: Fergin Aleksandra , Boesch Gabriel , Greter Nadja R. , Berger Simon , Hajnal Alex
Published: June 2022

The sumoylation (SUMO) pathway is involved in a variety of processes during C. elegans development, such as gonadal and vulval fate specification, cell cycle progression and maintenance of chromosome structure. The ubiquitous expression and pleiotropic effects have made it difficult to dissect the tissue-specific functions of the SUMO pathway and identify its target proteins. To overcome these challenges, we have established tools to block protein sumoylation and degrade sumoylated target proteins in a tissue-specific and temporally controlled manner. We employed the auxin-inducible protein degradation system (AID) to down-regulate the SUMO E3 ligase GEI-17 or the SUMO ortholog SMO-1, either in the vulval precursor cells (VPCs) or in the gonadal anchor cell (AC). Our results indicate that the SUMO pathway acts in multiple tissues to control different aspects of vulval development, such as AC positioning, basement membrane (BM) breaching, VPC fate specification and morphogenesis. Inhibition of protein sumoylation in the VPCs resulted in abnormal toroid formation and ectopic cell fusions during vulval morphogenesis. In particular, sumoylation of the ETS transcription factor LIN-1 at K169 is necessary for the proper contraction of the ventral vulA toroids. Thus, the SUMO pathway plays several distinct roles throughout vulval development.
Characterization of the genome and silk-gland transcriptomes of Darwin’s bark spider (Caerostris darwini)
Authors: Babb Paul L. , Gregorič Matjaž , Lahens Nicholas F. , Nicholson David N. , Hayashi Cheryl Y. , Higgins Linden , Kuntner Matjaž , Agnarsson Ingi , Voight Benjamin F.
Published: June 2022

Natural silks crafted by spiders comprise some of the most versatile materials known. Artificial silks–based on the sequences of their natural brethren–replicate some desirable biophysical properties and are increasingly utilized in commercial and medical applications today. To characterize the repertoire of protein sequences giving silks their biophysical properties and to determine the set of expressed genes across each unique silk gland contributing to the formation of natural silks, we report here draft genomic and transcriptomic assemblies of Darwin’s bark spider, Caerostris darwini, an orb-weaving spider whose dragline is one of the toughest known biomaterials on Earth. We identify at least 31 putative spidroin genes, with expansion of multiple spidroin gene classes relative to the golden orb-weaver, Trichonephila clavipes. We observed substantial sharing of spidroin repetitive sequence motifs between species as well as new motifs unique to C. darwini. Comparative gene expression analyses across six silk gland isolates in females plus a composite isolate of all silk glands in males demonstrated gland and sex-specific expression of spidroins, facilitating putative assignment of novel spidroin genes to classes. Broad expression of spidroins across silk gland types suggests that silks emanating from a given gland represent composite materials to a greater extent than previously appreciated. We hypothesize that the extraordinary toughness of C. darwini major ampullate dragline silk may relate to the unique protein composition of major ampullate spidroins, combined with the relatively high expression of stretchy flagelliform spidroins whose union into a single fiber may be aided by novel motifs and cassettes that act as molecule-binding helices. Our assemblies extend the catalog of sequences and sets of expressed genes that confer the unique biophysical properties observed in natural silks.
Prediction of blood pressure changes associated with abdominal pressure changes during robotic laparoscopic low abdominal surgery using deep learning
Authors: Chung Yang-Hoon , Jeong Young-Seob , Martin Gati Lother , Choi Min Seo , Kang You Jin , Lee Misoon , Cho Ana , Koo Bon Sung , Cho Sung Hwan , Kim Sang Hyun
Published: June 2022

Background

Intraoperative hypertension and blood pressure (BP) fluctuation are known to be associated with negative patient outcomes. During robotic lower abdominal surgery, the patient’s abdominal cavity is filled with CO2, and the patient’s head is steeply positioned toward the floor (Trendelenburg position). Pneumoperitoneum and the Trendelenburg position together with physiological alterations during anesthesia, interfere with predicting BP changes. Recently, deep learning using recurrent neural networks (RNN) was shown to be effective in predicting intraoperative BP. A model for predicting BP rise was designed using RNN under special scenarios during robotic laparoscopic surgery and its accuracy was tested.

Methods

Databases that included adult patients (over 19 years old) undergoing low abdominal da Vinci robotic surgery (ovarian cystectomy, hysterectomy, myomectomy, prostatectomy, and salpingo-oophorectomy) at Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital from October 2018 to March 2021 were used. An RNN-based model was designed using Python3 language with the PyTorch packages. The model was trained to predict whether hypertension (20% increase in the mean BP from baseline) would develop within 10 minutes after pneumoperitoneum.

Results

Eight distinct datasets were generated and the predictive power was compared. The macro-average F1 scores of the datasets ranged from 68.18% to 72.33%. It took only 3.472 milliseconds to obtain 39 prediction outputs.

Conclusions

A prediction model using the RNN may predict BP rises during robotic laparoscopic surgery.
An analysis of the success of fiscal adjustment in reducing public debt: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Ibrar , Hussain Jawad , Bilal Hazrat
Published: June 2022

This study seeks answers to questions such as: what is fiscal adjustment? Which fiscal strategy will result in a reduction in public debt liabilities? In the pursuit of answers to these questions, the study has defined two objectives. Firstly, the fiscal adjustment episodes must be identified in order to detach the discretionary fiscal stance; secondly, the success of these adjustment episodes in reducing public debt liabilities must be assessed. As a result, attempts will be made to undertake analyses that would simplify the issues underlying Pakistan’s practical policy options. A total of eleven adjustment episodes have been observed in a sample, ranging from 1976 to 2017, following Alesina and Ardagna’s definition. The descriptive analysis reveals that five episodes succeeded in reducing the public debt, while six episodes failed to reduce the ratio. Out of the five successful episodes, four are found to be spending-based and one is tax-based. To quantify the success of fiscal adjustment, the empirical model has been calibrated on Leibrecht and Scharler’s model and estimation is done via both the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Robust Least Squares (RLS) methods. The RLS method produces better outcomes than the OLS method. Under RLS, all variables are significant except GDP growth, whereas in the OLS model, the election year and regime shift, together with GDP growth, are statistically insignificant. The fiscal adjustment’s composition reveals that spending-based consolidation boosts the chances of the fiscal adjustment’s success. Fiscal authorities should, therefore, adopt spending-based austerity measures to ensure the sustainability of public finances and prevent the negative macroeconomic consequences of unsustainable public debt.
Changes in dynamics of tumor/endothelial cell adhesive interactions depending on endothelial cell growth state and elastic properties
Authors: Xie Leike , Sun Zhe , Brown Nicola J. , Glinskii Olga V. , Meininger Gerald A. , Glinsky Vladislav V.
Published: June 2022

Cancer cell adhesion to the endothelium is a crucial process in hematogenous metastasis, but how the integrity of the endothelial barrier and endothelial cell (EC) mechanical properties influence the adhesion between metastatic cancer cells and the endothelium remain unclear. In the present study, we have measured the adhesion between single cancer cells and two types of ECs at various growth states and their mechanical properties (elasticity) using atomic force microscopy single cell force spectroscopy. We demonstrated that the EC stiffness increased and adhesion with cancer cells decreased, as ECs grew from a single cell to a confluent state and developed cell-cell contacts, but this was reversed when confluent cells returned to a single state in a scratch assay. Our results suggest that the integrity of the endothelial barrier is an important factor in reducing the ability of the metastatic tumor cells to adhere to the vascular endothelium, extravasate and lodge in the vasculature of a distant organ where secondary metastatic tumors would develop.
Masticatory dysfunction in patients with diabetic neuropathy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hamamoto Yuta , Ouhara Kazuhisa , Miyagawa Tsuyoshi , Shintani Tomoaki , Komatsu Nao , Kajiya Mikihito , Matsuda Shinji , Fujita Tsuyoshi , Sasaki Shinya , Iwata Tomoyuki , Ohno Haruya , Yoneda Masayasu , Mizuno Noriyoshi , Kurihara Hidemi
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Chewing well is essential for successful diet therapy and control of blood glucose level in patients with diabetes. In addition, long-term hyperglycemia is a risk factor for microvascular complications, which are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Hence, it is plausible that masticatory disorder may be relevant to diabetic microvascular complications which is caused by long-term hyperglycemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether masticatory disorders are relevant to diabetic microvascular complications.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 172 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent educational hospitalization in the Department of Endocrinology and Diabetic Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, from April 2016 to March 2020. Masticatory efficiency was determined quantitatively by using the GLUCO SENSOR GS-Ⅱ. Multivariable linear regression models were constructed to examine which factors were related to masticatory efficiency. Statistical significance was defined as a two-sidedpvalue of < 0.05.

Results

According to the bivariable analysis, masticatory efficiency was significantly correlated with duration of diabetes (p= 0. 049), number of remaining teeth (p< 0.0001), the number of moving teeth (p= 0.007) and condition of diabetic neuropathy (p< 0.0001). Moreover, the number of remaining teeth (p< 0.0001) and diabetic neuropathy (p= 0.007) remained significantly correlated with masticatory efficiency in the multivariable analysis.

Conclusions

For the first time, we demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes who developed diabetic neuropathy had significantly reduced masticatory efficiency. Effective mastication is an important factor in successful diet therapy for diabetes. To prevent the progression of diabetic complications, especially in patients with diabetic neuropathy, it may be necessary to combine individualized therapies from dentists and nutritionists with consideration for the level of masticatory dysfunction.
Gestational age, birth weight, and perinatal complications in mothers with diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance: Japan Environment and Children’s Study cohort
Authors: Yokomichi Hiroshi , Mochizuki Mie , Shinohara Ryoji , Kushima Megumi , Horiuchi Sayaka , Kojima Reiji , Ooka Tadao , Akiyama Yuka , Miyake Kunio , Otawa Sanae , Yamagata Zentaro ,   on behalf of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
Published: June 2022

We aimed to determine the risk of perinatal complications during delivery in mothers with non-normal glucose tolerance in a large Japanese birth cohort. We analysed data of 24,295 neonate–mother pairs in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study cohort between 2011 and 2014. We included 67 mothers with type 1 diabetes, 102 with type 2 diabetes (determined by questionnaire), 2,045 with gestational diabetes (determined by diagnosis), and 2,949 with plasma glucose levels ≥140 mg/dL (shown by a screening test for gestational diabetes). Gestational age, birth weight, placental weight, and proportions of preterm birth, and labour and neonatal complications at delivery in mothers with diabetes were compared with those in mothers with normal glucose tolerance. Mean gestational age was shorter in mothers with any type of diabetes than in mothers without diabetes. Birth weight tended to be heavier in mothers with type 1 diabetes, and placental weight was significantly heavier in mothers with type 1 and gestational diabetes and elevated plasma glucose levels (all p<0.05). The relative risks of any labour complication and any neonatal complication were 1.49 and 2.28 in type 2 diabetes, 1.59 and 1.95 in gestational diabetes, and 1.22 and 1.30 in a positive screening test result (all p<0.05). The relative risks of preterm birth, gestational hypertension, and neonatal jaundice were significantly higher in mothers with types 1 (2.77; 4.07; 2.04) and 2 diabetes (2.65; 5.84; 1.99) and a positive screening test result (1.29; 1.63; 1.12) than in those without diabetes (all p<0.05). In conclusion, placental weight is heavier in mothers with non-normal glucose tolerance. Preterm birth, gestational hypertension, and jaundice are more frequent in mothers with types 1 and 2 diabetes. A positive result in a screening test for gestational diabetes suggests not only a non-normal glucose tolerance, but also a medium (middle-level) risk of perinatal complications.
Pertussis toxin suppresses dendritic cell-mediated delivery of B. pertussis into lung-draining lymph nodes
Authors: Klimova Nela , Holubova Jana , Streparola Gaia , Tomala Jakub , Brazdilova Ludmila , Stanek Ondrej , Bumba Ladislav , Sebo Peter
Published: June 2022

The adenylate cyclase (ACT) and the pertussis (PT) toxins ofBordetella pertussisexert potent immunomodulatory activities that synergize to suppress host defense in the course of whooping cough pathogenesis. We compared the mouse lung infection capacities ofB.pertussis(Bp) mutants (BpAC−orBpPT–) producing enzymatically inactive toxoids and confirm that ACT action is required for maximal bacterial proliferation in the first days of infection, whereas PT action is crucial for persistence ofB.pertussisin mouse lungs. Despite accelerated and near complete clearance from the lungs by day 14 of infection, the PT−bacteria accumulated within the lymphoid tissue of lung-draining mediastinal lymph nodes (mLNs). In contrast, the wild type or AC−bacteria colonized the lungs but did not enter into mLNs. Lung infection by the PT−mutant triggered an early arrival of migratory conventional dendritic cells with associated bacteria into mLNs, where the PT−bacteria entered the T cell-rich paracortex of mLNs by day 5 and proliferated in clusters within the B-cell zone (cortex) of mLNs by day 14, being eventually phagocytosed by infiltrating neutrophils. Finally, only infection by the PT−bacteria triggered an early production of anti-B.pertussisserum IgG antibodies already within 14 days of infection. These results reveal that action of the pertussis toxin blocks DC-mediated delivery ofB.pertussisbacteria into mLNs and prevents bacterial colonization of mLNs, thus hampering early adaptive immune response toB.pertussisinfection.
The RNA pseudoknots in foot-and-mouth disease virus are dispensable for genome replication, but essential for the production of infectious virus
Authors: Ward Joseph C. , Lasecka-Dykes Lidia , Neil Chris , Adeyemi Oluwapelumi O. , Gold Sarah , McLean-Pell Niall , Wright Caroline , Herod Morgan R. , Kealy David , Warner Emma , Jackson Terry , King Donald P. , Tuthill Tobias J. , Rowlands David J. , Stonehouse Nicola J.
Published: June 2022

Non-coding regions of viral RNA (vRNA) genomes are critically important in the regulation of gene expression. In particular, pseudoknot (PK) structures, which are present in a wide range of RNA molecules, have a variety of roles. The 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vRNA is considerably longer than in other viruses from the picornavirus family and consists of a number of distinctive structural motifs that includes multiple (2, 3 or 4 depending on the virus strain) putative PKs linked in tandem. The role(s) of the PKs in the FMDV infection are not fully understood. Here, using bioinformatics, sub-genomic replicons and recombinant viruses we have investigated the structural conservation and importance of the PKs in the FMDV lifecycle. Our results show that despite the conservation of two or more PKs across all FMDVs, a replicon lacking PKs was replication competent, albeit at reduced levels. Furthermore, in competition experiments, GFP FMDV replicons with less than two (0 or 1) PK structures were outcompeted by a mCherry FMDV wt replicon that had 4 PKs, whereas GFP replicons with 2 or 4 PKs were not. This apparent replicative advantage offered by the additional PKs correlates with the maintenance of at least two PKs in the genomes of FMDV field isolates. Despite a replicon lacking any PKs retaining the ability to replicate, viruses completely lacking PK were not viable and at least one PK was essential for recovery of infections virus, suggesting a role for the PKs in virion assembly. Thus, our study points to roles for the PKs in both vRNA replication and virion assembly, thereby improving understanding the molecular biology of FMDV replication and the wider roles of PK in RNA functions.
Análisis de la convivencia escolar en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria: un estudio de caso en Asturias
Authors: Rodríguez-Muñiz Natalia , Pérez-Herrero María del Henar , Burguera-Condon Joaquín Lorenzo
Published: June 2022

La literatura sobre el análisis de la convivencia en los centros educativos establece que esta adquiere una especial relevancia para la mejora del aprendizaje, el bienestar o la inclusión, por lo que conocer las valoraciones del profesorado y alumnado en este ámbito permitirá diseñar programas de intervención ajustados a sus necesidades. En base a ello, el objetivo de la investigación ha sido diagnosticar las necesidades en la prevención de conflictos en un centro de educación secundaria, a partir del análisis de las percepciones que sobre la violencia escolar tienen el orientador, la profesora técnica de servicios a la comunidad y el alumnado. Se han realizado entrevistas en profundidad a dos informantes clave, se han analizado los informes de conductas contrarias a las normas de convivencia del centro, y se ha administrado el Cuestionario de Violencia Escolar CUVE3-ESO al alumnado de tercer curso de educación secundaria obligatoria. El análisis de los datos se ha realizado desde el enfoque de los métodos mixtos de ejecución concurrente, que permite integrar y combinar los análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de forma simultánea. Los resultados muestran una alta percepción sobre la presencia de conductas disruptivas en el aula, violencia verbal entre el alumnado y violencia del profesorado hacia los estudiantes y se han detectado diferencias significativas en la comparación de las puntuaciones en estas variables en función del sexo y grupo-clase, relacionadas con el tipo de conflictos, las medidas aplicadas y los estilos de liderazgo docente. Por lo que se concluye que es preciso promover el desarrollo de competencias sociales y cívicas para mejorar el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional y las habilidades sociales para la resolución de conflictos.
Recurrent Leiomyosarcoma Scrotum of Dartos Muscle - A Nonplussed Differential in Scrotal Swelling
Authors: Surya Ram G. K.  , Emil Phinehas  , Authy K.
Published: June 2022

A 63-year-old gentleman presented with 2 months history of painless, progressively increasing lump on the anterior surface of the left side of the scrotum. He had similar swelling 4 years back at the same site, following which he underwent surgical resection elsewhere and was told to have sarcoma. He could not produce health records of his previous treatment. The lump was a 2 × 2 cm in size subcutaneous in location, on the left hemiscrotum. It was non-tender, firm, and was not fixed to the testis or underlying structures. There was no inguinal lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound of the scrotum revealed a well defined heteroechoeic lesion 2 x2 cm in the left hemiscrotum. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan from neck to pelvis showed no distant metastases.
Aesthetic Restoration of Traumatized Deciduous Anterior Teeth Using Custom Fabricated Zirconia Crowns - A Case Report
Authors: Amith Adyanthaya  , Aparna Sivaraman  , Reshma Aloysius  , Sangeetha C. R.  , Risana Rahoof  , Preema M. U.  , Gopika Gopan  , Mubeena T. A.
Published: June 2022

Loss of anterior teeth in children can adversely affect the aesthetics, decrease masticatory efficiency, cause speech disturbance and result in the development of parafunctional habits and psychological problems. There are various complete crown coverage restorations like polycarbonate crowns, stainless steel crowns (SSC), open-faced SSC, commercially veneered SSC, Figaro crowns and Zirconia crowns. The superior aesthetics, inertness, and biocompatibility of ceramics have made them acceptable as a dental restorative material by clinicians. Zirconia ceramics have become a frequently employed biomaterial in dentistry due to their enhanced aesthetics and mechanical properties.

The aesthetic management of decayed and traumatized deciduous anterior teeth using complete coverage restoration in children is strenuous owing to their limited size, proximity to the pulp, decreased surface area for bonding, teeth isolation difficulties and lack of cooperation. Structural loss of anterior teeth affects aesthetics, impairs mastication and phonetics, causes eruption disturbance of permanent teeth and leads to the development of non-nutritive habits. This may result in a psychosocial crisis in the patient including reduced self-esteem.

Full coronal restorations like polycarbonate crowns, strip crowns, and modifications of stainless-steel crowns including the open-faced and pre-veneered crowns are being used by clinicians to restore discoloured incisors. However, they are often associated with technical, functional, or aesthetic limitations. Over the past decades, advancement in different technologies in the sphere of dentistry and the immense booming of dental materials have always resulted in a continuous re-assessment of different treatment principles so employed. Paediatric zirconia crowns were introduced in 2010 and have gained popularity for aesthetic considerations.[1] Zirconia crowns are clinically justifiable and with greater parental gratification when compared with other full coverage coronal restorations. Zirconia crowns express high strength, aesthetics, durability, biocompatibility, reduced wear of opposing teeth, and cause less gingival irritation.
Subgaleal Hematoma with Bilateral Proptosis as a Manifestation of Fibrinogen and Factor X Deficiency - A Case Report
Authors: Sagar Manohar Patil  , Hrushikesh Umakant Kharosekar  , Vernon Leo Velho
Published: June 2022

Subgaleal hematomas are usually seen after high-velocity head trauma; however, their presence following trivial injury should raise suspicion regarding an associated clotting disorder. Here we describe an interesting patient who presented to us with bilateral proptosis associated with a subgaleal hematoma due to fibrinogen and factor X deficiency. This condition can result in serious bleeding diathesis often necessitating multiple surgeries to control haemorrhage.

Our patient, an 11-year-old male child presented to us 4 weeks after a minor head injury. He had a gradually progressive soft swelling on his forehead with proptosis of both eyes. Aspiration of the swelling at a nearby private hospital had revealed blood. The swelling recurred over a span of 2 weeks.

On neurological examination, there were no positive findings. On local examination, he had a large, non-tender subgaleal hematoma over the bilateral fronto-temporo-parieto-occipital region of his head extending to both eyes. There was associated bilateral subconjunctival haemorrhage, periorbital ecchymosis and gross proptosis. The vision was affected on the right side, finger counting at 1 foot. Left side vision was intact. Extraocular movements were restricted in both eyes in all planes. CT scan of the brain showed subgaleal hematoma over the bilateral fronto-temporo-parieto-occipital region with an extension over the supraorbital ridge into the bilateral orbit beneath the orbital roof, there were bilateral relatively symmetrical areas of subperiosteal haemorrhages involving superior aspect of orbit causing proptosis and inferior displacement of the globes. On haematological examination, his haemoglobin was 5 gm/dl. Platelet count was 240,000/cumm. On coagulation profile, prothrombin time was 45 seconds (normal range 11.1–14.5 seconds) with an activated partial thromboplastin time of 39.5 seconds (normal range 28.1–39.7 seconds), and thrombin time was 58 seconds. The plasma fibrinogen levels were < 100 mg/dl (normal range- 200-400 mg/dl). D-dimer was strongly positive. The patient also had factor X deficiency. The peripheral blood smear had a normocytic normochromic picture.
Alternative Approach for the Management of Complete Crown Fracture with Periapical Lesion by Apicoectomy and Orthodontic Extrusion Using Removable Appliance
Authors: Meghna Bhandary  , Rajmohan Shetty  , Amina Usman
Published: June 2022

Trauma induced periapical lesions often require complex treatment, as conventional root canal therapy poses a high risk of failure due to apical transportation of infection. However, complete crown fractures with a fracture line close to the gingiva or extending subgingivally may require orthodontic extrusion to re-establish the biologic width thereby achieving aesthetic and functional restoration of the tooth. The purpose of this case report is to suggest an alternative treatment approach to achieve healing of periapical lesions and causing extrusion of the teeth by moving the fracture line above the supragingival level for final aesthetic and functional restoration. This case report discusses the management of an anterior tooth with long-standing subgingival fracture and large cyst-like periapical lesion using apicoectomy and orthodontic extrusion with a removable appliance.
Characterizing the Dynamics of Covid-19 Based on Data
Authors: Isea Raúl
Published: June 2022

The objective of this paper is to apply datadriven discovery of dynamics modeling to obtain a system of differential equations that allows us to describe the transmission dynamics of Covid-19, based on the number of confirmed cases and deaths reported daily. This methodology was applied in four different countries: Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, and the United States. The main advantage is that only one differential equation is needed to characterize the dynamic of Covid-19 without any mathematical assumption.
Contrasts Between Moral and Islamic Religious Education: Dilemmas and Prospects
Authors: Mohamad Ridhuan Abdullah  , Sultana Tanzima , Shaari Azianura Hani , Shaari Nurliana Dalila Binti
Published: June 2022

This study has compared Islamic Religious Education (IRE) and Moral Education (ME) to identify these two subjects' innate differences. This qualitative research interviewed nine schoolteachers who were selected purposefully. Eleven themes were generated from the analysis of the interviews that manifested the findings of this research. The research findings reveal that IRE and ME have differences in their core philosophical standpoints and instruction methods. Based on the research findings, we have suggested necessary modification of Lickona’s Model of Teaching Moral if it is to be implemented to the curriculum of IRE. This study is significant to the curriculum developer of IRE to ensure the readiness of IRE teachers in addressing issues and concern related to moral questions and judgments. Moreover, in the Malaysian multicultural context, where IRE and ME mostly taught by Muslim instructors without actually equipping them with necessary formal teachers’ training on teaching Moral Education, the research findings also recommend the development of necessary teachers’ training program and inform the future training programs, developers, about the exiting differences between these two subjects so that the instructors can be equipped with the necessary training to optimize the teaching and learning of both IRE and ME.
Instrumento para evaluar la Responsabilidad Personal Existencial: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: TOBON RESTREPO LUIS JAVIER
Published: June 2022

El concepto de responsabilidad personal en la psicoterapia existencial, ha sido teorizado tradicionalmente sobre los aportes del existencialismo fenomenológico en filosofía, y si bien se ha contrastado en diferentes experiencias clínicas, esto no ha llevado a que se le someta a evaluación sistemática mediante la investigación cuantitativa, con lo cual, la escala aquí presentada resulta un aporte relevante a los métodos e insumos de investigación en psicología, especialmente para el enfoque existencial. El objetivo de este estudio es proponer una estrategia de medición adecuada para el constructo de responsabilidad personal existencial en personas entre los 17 y 35 años. Se presentan en este trabajo los procedimientos realizados y los resultados psicométricos en la evaluación exploratoria. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 479, jóvenes-adultos de la ciudad de Medellín. El análisis exploratorio permitió identificar dos factores, uno que evalúa la conciencia de libertad y otro la elección personal. Se encontró una adecuada consistencia interna con un alfa de Cronbach de 0,84.
Reglas proambientales: Análisis a partir de su relevancia, consecuencias asociadas y esfuerzo para seguirlas
Authors: Muñoz Alba Nubia , Hernández Aldo , Burbano Andrea , Salcedo Claudia , Páramo Pablo
Published: June 2022

A pesar de varias décadas de estudios sobre las actitudes hacia el medio ambiente y las variables personales y sociales asociadas a ellas, la educación ambiental no ha logrado generar cambios significativos en la adopción de comportamientos ambientales. La educación en reglas verbales se propone como una alternativa para lograr los cambios comportamentales requeridos, por considerar, que sugiere soluciones pragmáticas para reducir la distancia entre el decir-hacer y orientar la investigación sobre el comportamiento proambiental futura. Un total de 469 participantes de diferentes grupos de edad tomó parte de este estudio. 376 informaron de las frecuencias del seguimiento de reglas proambientales a través de un cuestionario y 93 clasificaron diferentes tipos de comportamientos proambientales en un procedimiento de selección libre y también en relación con las consecuencias y esfuerzo asociados a estos comportamientos. Los resultados permiten observar los efectos que ha tenido la educación ambiental en la conceptualización del comportamiento proambiental pero con carencias en el establecimiento de la conexión de estos comportamientos con consecuencias sociales y naturales. Se discuten las implicaciones para la educación ambiental.
Correlatos psicosociales y familiares de la conducta sexual en adolescentes indígenas y urbanos de Chiapas (México)
Authors: Pérez Jiménez Carlos Eduardo , Hernández Solis Soledad , García Lara Germán Alejandro , Ocaña Zuñiga Jesus , Cruz Pérez Oscar
Published: June 2022

La adolescencia es una etapa de cambios a nivel fisiológico y emocional. Este tránsito hacia la adultez implica la exposición a riesgos que pueden tener consecuencias personales, familiares y escolares. Algunos de éstos se asocian con el inicio de la vida sexual activa, por ejemplo, embarazos no deseados o el contagio de enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre las conductas sexuales respecto a variables psicosociales y familiares en adolescentes de zonas rurales y urbanas de Chiapas, México. El estudio, de corte cuantitativo, se realizó con una muestra de 4,952 adolescentes estudiantes de nivel secundaria y bachillerato de Chiapas. Se aplicó un cuestionario para valorar conductas sexuales y seis escalas para medir ideación suicida, sintomatología depresiva, impulsividad, autoestima y relación con los padres. Los resultados indican diferencias significativas entre los puntajes promedios de las escalas aplicadas y la edad de iniciación sexual, el uso del preservativo, la frecuencia de los encuentros sexuales y el número de distintas parejas sexuales. Los resultados son relevantes en el contexto de estudio debido a que Chiapas es una demarcación multicultural y diversa étnicamente, en donde las investigaciones en torno a conductas sexuales con adolescentes de zonas rurales y urbanas son escasas.
Síntomas de depresión asociados al síndrome de burnout y a condiciones socio laborales de docentes de colegios públicos de Envigado (Colombia)
Authors: Hernández Calle Jonathan Andrés , Quintero Idárraga Sebastián
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los síntomas de depresión en docentes de colegios públicos del municipio de Envigado-Colombia y su asociación con el síndrome de burnout y las condiciones socio-laborales. Participaron un total de 194 docentes seleccionados mediante un muestreo probabilístico estratificado proporcionado. Se usaron los instrumentos SCL-90-R para evaluar los síntomas de depresión, el cuestionario Maslach para Burnout, y una encuesta sociodemográfica. Los resultados muestran que, 65,8% de los docentes presentan síntomas de depresión, y, en el modelo multivariado se identificó que la dimensión del síndrome de burnout agotamiento emocional incrementa los síntomas de depresión en los docentes (OR=4,0, IC=1,67-9,58). El estudio concluye que la depresión es de alta prevalencia en la población docente.
Publications in Psychology Related to the COVID-19: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Serrato Alvarez Daniela , Galindo Caballero Oscar Javier , Zambrano Danilo
Published: June 2022

The new strain of a virus in the coronavirus family, COVID-19, generated a pandemic that changed the dynamics of the entire world. Since its inception, there have been discussions about the effects on mental health that isolation and social distancing can generate. To investigate the publications that have been made in psychology related to COVID-19, a bibliometric analysis was performed in the SCOPUS database in the psychology collection. We obtained 223 articles published in the first half of 2020. The results show that the studies are focused on the effects of the pandemic on mental health. Specifically, most of the studies are related to anxiety and depression and most of these studies were conducted in China. Furthermore, we discuss some limitations of the study regarding the social and intellectual structure of the articles retrieved. Finally, we suggest that future studies should explore how to promote or persuade individuals to comply with social distancing measures and to develop research focused on the effects of the pandemic on academic performance, job stress, job performance, marital satisfaction, sexual behaviour, among other phenomena.
Citation, Erasure, and Violence: A Memoir
Authors: Smith Christen
Published: June 2022

This essay examines the intimate relationship between the personal, the political, violence, and citational erasure through the lens of Black women’s experience. Antiblackness, misogyny, and patriarchy together produce the environment that foments Black women’s citational erasure within anthropology and the academy more broadly. Such erasure is not just an intellectual matter. It is equally a matter of power whose logic has deep roots in settler-colonial extractivism and the historical exploitation of Black women’s labor. Citation thus not only concerns naming or bibliographic incorporation but also historical patterns of race-gender exploitation that haunt the present.
Spectacle, Value, and Basic Income; Or, Labor and the “Maddening State”
Authors: McGill Kenneth
Published: June 2022

This article describes the protest efforts of a group of unemployed proponents of basic income in Germany. These efforts are theorized around the concepts of spectacle and abjection. Hungering bodies and corpses figure prominently. Ultimately, however, the spectacular character of these protests can be traced not just to the vulnerability of human bodies in a shared social space but also to the logic of value in a capitalist society. Where goods are quintessentially encoded as the result of labor, and especially where the social state systematically supports the organization of everyday life through the labor market, basic income can only emerge in the form of a spectacle that challenges popular conceptions of labor and economic value.
Life in Traffic: Riddling Field Notes on the Political Economy of “Sex” and Nature
Authors: Goldstein Ruth
Published: June 2022

Engaging ethnographic fieldwork and archival research conducted between 2010 and 2021 along Latin America’s Interoceanic Highway in Peru’s mineral-rich Amazonian region of Madre de Dios, this article begins with a riddle that equates the exploitation of gold mines with that of women. I follow the riddle—revised and (re)told in rain forest mines, on the highway, by sex workers and Indigenous women leaders—through its different iterations to argue that the traffic in women and the political economy of sex/gender systems are discursively and materially linked with notions of the violability of feminized “nature” and associated racializations. The traffic in women also becomes a traffic in nature when economies of natural resource extraction create the grounds for the sex industry. Traffic as a methodological and analytical framework identifies the social, political, and economic interrelations and linguistic articulations that create (im)mobility, while also promoting reverse-ability. At the same time, this approach acknowledges collisions and jams, the realities of hard endings. Drawing inspiration from subversive retellings of the riddle, the concept of traffic underscores that while discursive framings can condition material possibilities and influence human actions by normalizing exploitation, they need not cement them.  

RESUMEN

Integrando datos etnográficos recogidos en campo e investigación de archivo realizados entre 2010 y 2021 en el ámbito de la Carretera Interoceánica Sur, enfocando en la región de Madre de Dios de la Amazonia Peruana, este articulo parte de una adivinanza que equipara las minas de oro y las mujeres. Yo sigo la adivinanza – revisada y (re)contada por trabajadoras sexuales y lideresas indígenas en las minas de la selva y en la Carretera a través de sus diferentes iteraciones para argumentar que la trata de mujeres y la economía política de los sistemas de sexo/género están discursiva y materialmente articulados con nociones de la explotación de la “naturaleza” feminizada y sus racializaciones asociadas. La trata de mujeres es también es un tráfico de «naturaleza» cuando la economía de la extracción de recursos naturales genera las condiciones para la industria sexual. El tráfico como marco metodológico y analítico identifica las interrelaciones sociales, políticas, y económicas y las articulaciones lingüísticas que crean (in)movilidad, mientras promueven la capacidad de revertir. Al mismo tiempo, este enfoque reconoce colisiones y nudos, las realidades de conclusiones inmutables. Desde las versiones subversivas (re) contadas de la adivinanza, el concepto de tráfico destaca que mientras los marcos discursivos pueden condicionar las posibilidades materiales e influenciar las acciones humanas al normalizar la explotación, ellas no deberían consolidarse.
Análisis de desempeño del IEEE802.11 para la conectividad de zonas rurales de Colombia
Authors: Gualdrón González Óscar , Díaz Suárez Ricardo Andrés
Published: June 2022

Dentro de este artículo se presenta las características de desempeño del estándar IEEE802.11 en enlaces punto a punto de largo alcance sobre emplazamientos rurales en Colombia. Para explicar este desempeño primero se realiza una descripción detallada del comportamiento de la capa física y MAC en el despliegue de redes de largo alcance, esto se realiza mediante análisis de la regulación existente para la máxima potencia isotrópica radiada equivalente en la banda ISM, las pérdidas por propagación, el nivel de recepción de los radios Wi-Fi comerciales, la tasa de error de frame y considerando como los parámetros DIFS, Slottime y ACKTimeout que hacen parte del control de acceso al medio e inciden en la implementación de radio enlaces de varios kilómetros. Posteriormente a partir de unos modelos teóricos presentes en la literatura y uno propuesto por los autores se calcula el throughput UDP saturado unidireccional y bidireccional en función de la distancia consideradas las diferentes velocidades de transmisión; después con un par de prototipos de comunicación Wi-Fi autónomos alimentados con energía fotovoltaica diseñados y construidos en laboratorio, se realizan un grupo de medidas experimentales de throughput UDP saturado en enlaces punto-punto entre Bucaramanga y emplazamientos rurales circundantes a su área metropolitana en el rango de distancias de 0-10.4km, las mediciones se realizaron con el generador de tráfico IPERF enviando paquetes UDP de forma unidireccional y bidireccional, posteriormente las mediciones realizadas se comparan con los obtenidos de forma teórica.
Arquitectura funcional para la implementación de Mobile IPTV sobre redes LTE y LTE-Avanced
Authors: Rueda Pepinosa Diego Fernando , Ramos Rodríguez Zoila Inés
Published: June 2022

La televisión digital móvil sobre el protocolo de Internet (Mobile IPTV) requiere que las redes de móviles provean los recursos y los mecanismos necesarios para garantizar la calidad en los contenidos entregados a los usuarios. Las características técnicas de las tecnologías de banda ancha móvil LTE y LTE-Advanced las perfilan como las redes capaces para soportar el despliegue de Mobile IPTV. Por consiguiente, en este trabajo se ha realizado el análisis de las redes LTE y LTE-Advanced con el fin de proponer una arquitectura funcional para orientar la implementación del servicio de Mobile IPTV.