bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa pada Pelajaran Kimia Kelas XI MIPA di MAN 2 Mataram
Authors: Lestari Citra , Aliefman Hakim  , Lalu Rudyat Telly Savalas
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kesulitan belajar siswa pada pembelajaran kimia kelas XI MIPA di MAN 2 Mataram. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 285 siswa yang terbagi menjadi 8 kelas. Sedangkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 74 siswa diambil secara Simple Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan wawancara. Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus presentase dan pemaparan jawaban responden yang telah diwawancarai. Hasil penelitian ini menerangkan bahwa kesulitan belajar siswa termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Siswa mengalami kesulitan pada faktor internal (74%) yang meliputi kondisi fisik dan mental (80%) serta motivasi dan minat (67,5%). Selanjutnya faktor pelaksanaan pembelajaran (74%) yang meliputi penjelasan guru (76,5%), partisipasi siswa (74%) dan penugasan (71,4%). Adapun untuk faktor eksternal (75%) yang meliputi kesulitan ekonomi (86,4%), dukungan dari lingkungan dan keluarga (71%) dan dukungan dari sekolah (78,6%). Dengan demikian, ketiga faktor tersebut berpengaruh terhadap”kesulitan”belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran kimia kelas XI MIPA di MAN 2 Mataram.
Inguinal Hernia: Literature Review
Authors: Aritiah Muhammad Awallul Rizky , Fariztia Alifia Intan , Azmi Naurah Arika , Haq Andi Muhammad Al Fatih , Ragad Putra , Rizaldi Muhammad Hilman , Salsabilah Maida Sania , Sari Linda Silvana
Published: January 2025

Inguinal hernia is a condition when intra-abdominal fat or part of the small intestine protrudes through a weak area in the lower abdominal muscles. The purpose of this article is to discuss and learn more about inguinal hernia. This article was compiled using the literature review method in articles discussing inguinal hernia. The data or articles reviewed were obtained through searches in databases such as Google Scholar, Medscape, PubMed, and Siencedirect. The publication year limit used as a reference for compiling this article is a maximum of 10 years after publication. The results of compiling this article obtained the definition, etiology and risk factors, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, complications, and prognosis of inguinal hernia. Inguinal hernia is a condition when intra-abdominal fat or part of the small intestine protrudes through a weak area in the lower abdominal muscles. The incidence of hernia according to 2005 to 2010 and Indonesia ranged from 18,145 sufferers. Hernias can be divided into direct, indirect inguinal hernias and femoral hernias based on their location. Hernias can occur due to internal and external factors. Diagnosis can be made through anamnesis, physical examination and supporting examinations. The supporting examination used is an examination using sonography. The management carried out if someone suffers from a hernia is through operative measures that are carefully prepared. Complications that can occur are scrotal edema, testicular atrophy, chronic pain after surgery, intestinal necrosis due to strangulation and complications after surgery such as femoral vein injury, ilioinguinal nerve and iliofemoral nerve. The prognosis for recurrence of hernias can be lighter in light workers and heavier in heavy workers.
A Complete Guide to Hyperthyroidism: What You Need to Know
Authors: Yahya Najla Aulia , Nugraha Kadek Nandita , Hardyningrat Baiq Inna Dwi , Kirana Devi Chandra , Kadarisma Shofia , Nurhaliza Siti , Ishlahi Salsabila Dinda Nuril , Makbul Ini Hidayat , Farras Afif , Amanullah Mohammad Sany Rosafi
Published: January 2025

Hyperthyroidism is a condition characterized by excessive thyroid gland activity, leading to an overproduction of thyroid hormones, namely thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones play a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism, and their overproduction can affect various bodily functions. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, and management options for hyperthyroidism. The review method involves a thorough analysis of relevant literature, including observational studies, clinical trials, and other related articles, to assess various aspects of the condition. This review identifies that hyperthyroidism is more prevalent in women, particularly with increasing age, with key risk factors including autoimmune diseases, genetic disorders, and environmental exposures. Clinical manifestations vary widely, from metabolic symptoms to systemic disorders, necessitating a proper diagnostic approach. Management strategies include the use of antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine therapy, and thyroid surgery. A deep understanding of hyperthyroidism is critical for effective diagnosis and treatment, as timely and appropriate interventions can improve patient outcomes and minimize long-term complications.
Determination of Secondary Metabolite Levels in Ethanol Extract of Clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Using LC-HRMS Methods
Authors: Tuldjanah Muthmainah , Sasdila Sasdila , Yanuarty Rezky , Wulandari Ayu , Tandi Joni
Published: January 2025

The use of plants as raw materials for medicinal purposes has become increasingly prevalent due to the diverse secondary metabolites they can produce. Clove leaves (Syzigium aromaticum L.) are known for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, anesthetic, aphrodisiac, and antipyretic properties. This study aims to determine the levels of secondary metabolites in clove leaves using the LC-HRMS method. The results showed that the ethanol extract of clove leaves contained 34 compounds, with the compounds (-)-Caryophyllene oxide and Miquelianin having the highest chromatogram peaks at 9.714195% and 8.712299% of the compound composition, respectively.
Biochemical and Organoleptic Characterization of Tamarillo Wine as Alternative Base Material for Alcoholic Beverage Production
Authors: Bao Antonia P. , Limbu Umbu N. , So'o Fransiska
Published: January 2025

The Tamarillo fruit, commonly known as the Dutch Eggplant (Solanum betaceum), is one of the tropical fruits that thrives in the Bajawa region of Ngada Regency. However, the fruit is still consumed directly or without further processing into food or beverage products.  A study aimed at determining the effect of the concentration of tamarillo fruit on the biochemical and organoleptic characteristics of tamarillo wine. The biochemical characteristics to be measured include ethanol content, reducing sugar content, total acidity, pH, antioxidant content, as well as the number of live and dead yeast. Meanwhile, organoleptic aspects include color, clarity, aroma, taste, and the preferences of the panelists. The research method used is a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, namely the concentration of Dutch eggplant fruit: water ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3, with 3 replications for each treatment. The research results show that the wine made from starfruit with a concentration treatment of 1:3 has the highest biochemical characterization results, including ethanol content, total acidity, pH, antioxidants, viable yeast count, and dead yeast count, compared to the concentrations of 1:1 and 1:2. However, it has the lowest reducing sugar content. The organoleptic test shows that the wine with a treatment concentration of 1:3 has the highest scores for color, clarity, aroma, taste, and preference because it has a red color, clarity, fruity and alcoholic aroma, fruity and alcoholic taste, and is favored by the panelists.
The Effect of Concentrations Bioherbicide Kirinyuh Leaf Extract to Control The Growth of Teki Weeds
Authors: Nudin Fatwa , Nurmayulis Nurmayulis , Yenny Ratna Fitry , Putri Widia Eka
Published: January 2025

The research was aimed to know the effect of different concentrations bioherbicide of kirinyuh leaf extract to control the growth of teki weeds. This research was conducted from Juny until August 2024 in Sindang Resmi, Purwaraja village, Menes district, Pandeglang city, Banten and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University. The method used Randomized Completely Block Design with one factor. The factor with five replications to obtain 25 experimental units, namely: 25%, 50%, 60%, 75% and 90% . The results showed that kirinyuh leaf extract 90% has a significant effect for plant height at 5 days after planting (DAP) (4.40 cm), 10 DAP (13.40 cm), 20 DAP (21.60 cm), 25 DAP (26.60 cm) and 30 DAP (27.80 cm). Plant dry weight (6.00 g) and crown dry weight (3.20 g). The treatment of different consentrations of kirinyuh leaf extract showed significant differences on the parameters.
The Diversity of Medicinal Plant Species used by the Local Communities in Kluet Utara, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Antika Maulida , Suwardi Adi Bejo , Indriaty Indriaty
Published: January 2025

Kluet Utara is an area with high biodiversity, including medicinal plant species, which have been used for generations. However, traditional knowledge regarding the use of plants as medicine is threatened by modernization. This study aims to determine the diversity of medicinal plant species and their use in medicine by the local communites in Kluet Utara sub-district, South Aceh. The study was conducted in Gunung Pudung Village and Suaq Geuringgeng Village, Kluet Utara sub-district, South Aceh district, Indonesia. Data on the use of plants as medicine were collected through interviews involving 103 randomly selected informants. A total of 69 species of medicinal plants belonging to 36 botanical families were recorded in the study areas. Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, Cocos nucifera,Adenostemma lavenia, Blumea balsamifera, Piper betle, Colubrina asiatica, Gardenia jasminoides, and Citrus × aurantiifolia are species commonly used by the local communities in Kluet Utara. These plants are used to treat various types of diseases, both infectious and degenerative diseases.
The diversity and use of ritual plants by the Alas tribe in Babul Rahmah sub-district, Southeast Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Nonika , Suwardi Adi Bejo , Indriaty Indriaty
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify the diversity of plant species used in traditional ceremonies of the Alas tribe in Babul Rahmah District, Southeast Aceh Regency, Aceh, Indonesia. The Alas tribe’s cultural practices are deeply intertwined with the use of plants in rituals such as pesijuk, tepung tawar, majun, and kendukhi khak-khak. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through field observations and semi-structured interviews with 155 informants, aged 16 to 70, selected through purposive sampling. The informants included elders, religious leaders, and community members knowledgeable about local traditions. The results identified 35 plant species from 21 families used in traditional ceremonies, with Cocos nucifera (coconut) and Areca catechu (betel nut) from the Arecaceae family being the most prominent. These plants hold symbolic significance, representing purification, life, and honor in ritual contexts. Additionally, species from the Zingiberaceae family, such as Zingiber officinale (ginger) and Curcuma longa (turmeric), are frequently used in majun ceremonies for spiritual purification and protection. The study also highlighted a decline in ethnobotanical knowledge among younger generations, with only 40% of informants aged 16–30 demonstrating extensive knowledge of the plants used in ceremonies, compared to 85% among those aged 50 and above. This decline is largely due to modernization and the lack of integration of traditional knowledge into formal education. The research underscores the importance of preserving ethnobotanical knowledge through collaboration between traditional institutions and educational bodies, emphasizing the role of tradition-based education in mitigating the loss of cultural heritage.
Inventory of Medicinal Plants at Jompie Botanical Garden in Parepare City
Authors: Indryani Andi Fika , Muis Abd. , Syamsiah Syamsiah , Kurnia Nani
Published: January 2025

The inventory of medicinal plants involves the recording and registering of medicinal plant species. This research aims to identify the species of medicinal plants found in Jompie Botanical Garden, Parepare City, and to understand how the local community utilizes these plants. The methodology employed is exploratory and descriptive. The study was conducted from January to February 2024 at Jompie Botanical Garden, Parepare City. The subjects of this research are the plant species used by the local community for medicinal purposes and the methods of utilizing these plants. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed by compiling the identified plant characteristics, medicinal properties, and utilization methods into tables and photographs, followed by descriptive explanations. The research findings indicate that 40 plant species are used by the local community in Jompie Botanical Garden for medicinal purposes. The plant parts utilized include roots, stems, leaves, fruits, and flowers, with leaves being the most commonly used. The plants are processed into medicine through various methods, such as boiling, grinding, grating, squeezing, cutting, and chewing, with boiling being the most common technique.
Addition of Coffee Pulp Flour to Local Feed on Grower Phase Pig Production in Ngada Regency
Authors: Bhae Christianus Yoseph Ngiso , Rembo Egidius , De Ornay Tito A.E.M.
Published: January 2025

Pig farming is highly needed by the Bajawa community in their daily lives, so the Bajawa people see the necessity of pig farming not only for its social value but also because it is highly valuable due to its close connection with local customs and cultural rituals. The nutritional content of coffee fruit husks, which is almost similar to fine flour, and their availability, which has not yet been fully utilized, provide a significant opportunity to be used as feed material. The research aims to determine the extent of the effect of using coffee husk flour as a partial substitute for fine flour in feed on feed consumption, weight gain, and feed efficiency in grower phase pigs. This study uses a randomized block design with 4 types of feed (R0, R1, R2, R3) as treatments and 4 groups of pigs as repetitions, with each group consisting of 3 pigs. The results show that the use of coffee husk flour as a substitute for part of the fine flour in pig feed increases feed consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion in pigs during the grower phase. The best treatment is R3 (0% fine bran + 25% coffee husk flour). The results of the ANOVA test indicate that the provision of feed with coffee husk flour shows differences in feed consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion in pigs among each treatment with a significance value of 0.000. The Duncan post hoc test shows significant differences in feed consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion in pigs among each feed treatment.
Study of Forest Floor Plant Diversity as an Indicator of Ecosystem Stability on Molosing Island, Bolaang Mongondow Regency
Authors: Ramadhan Agung , Mokoginta Agustinus , Arjuna La Ode
Published: January 2025

The development plan of the Bolaang Mongondow area into a new Province (Bolaang Mongondow Raya) has caused many investors to flock to the Bolaang Mongondow area, especially in Bolaang Mongondow Regency which is currently the Capital of the Regency, relying on economic growth through the industrial sector as its center will be accompanied by a decline in environmental quality because of waste products (waste) produced by the industry if not managed by the environmental impact analysis. This study aims to determine the diversity of forest floor plants as an indicator of ecosystem stability on Molosing Island, Bolaang Mongondow Regency. Data collection uses the relieve technique survey method where the plot is placed using random sampling. The results of this study will be a benchmark for the initial condition of the ecosystem in Bolaang Mongondow before the Mongondow industrial area operates. The results showed that there were 12 species of forest floor plants and a total number of individuals of 6182 individuals observed through 4 observation stations. The total value of the diversity index of Molosing Island, Bolaang Mongondow Regency is 2.473 when referring to the diversity index benchmark in the range of H'=> 1<3 which indicates that the level of diversity of forest floor plants on Molosing Island, Bolaang Mongondow Regency is in the moderate category.
Profile of the Anti-inflammatory Mediator Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in Patients Suspected of Covid-19
Authors: Pauzan Pauzan , Kurniawan Edy
Published: January 2025

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARSCOV-2) is a virus that causes corona virus desease (Covid-19), namely a respiratory sindrome desease that comes from the beta corona virus group. A serious problem with Sarscov-2 infection is when a cytokine storm appears which is produced as the body’s response to an inflammatory reaction, but the presence of interleukin (cytokine)-10 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine can suppress inflammatory reactions to avoid cytokine storms. The study's objective was to characterize IL-10 levels in people who may have Covid-19. The research method is to use an analytical survey with a retrospective design. Interleukin-10 levels were measured utilizing the ELISA (Enzime Linked Immunosorbant Assay) method. Result: The average level of IL-10 in SARSCOV-2 utilizing the Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method to detect positive Covid-19 suspect samples (83.16 pg/ml) was higher than SARSCOV-2 negative Covid-19 suspects (81.03 pg/ml). Conclusion: the comparison of IL-10 levels in positive Covid-19 suspects and negative Covid-19 suspects using the RT-PCR technique has an insignificant difference in levels because naturally Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines' reciprocal responses show that the immune response of the samples from suspected Covid-19 patients used is still very strong (IL-10).
Effectiveness of Length and Weight Growth of Tenebrio molitor L. Larvae with Plastic Waste Feeding
Authors: Hashifah Fathimah Nurfithri , Muslihah Niken Istikhari , Khafida Wilda , Haryanto Trisno , Ambarningrum Trisnowati Budi
Published: January 2025

Inorganic waste accumulating in plastic waste, including styrofoam, which has accumulated in large quantities in waste disposal sites (TPS), is challenging to decompose into the environment. Black beetles (Tenebrio molitor) are insects that decompose inorganic waste and can decompose polystyrene waste. The presence of bacteria in the digestion of insects contributes to the decomposition of plastic waste in the form of styrofoam. This study aimed to determine how effective the larvae of T. molitor are in degrading polystyrene waste (styrofoam) through larval development from the process of nine instar stages. In order to develop more prospective larvae, the research was conducted in multiple stages, including initial maintenance and treatment as well as data gathering to test the growth of larval length. The results are known from the length of the larval body, and it is hoped that the larvae can later be used to help decompose small to large-scale styrofoam waste discharged into the environment. Larvae of T. molitor can eat inorganic materials like styrofoam and organic ones like bran. The ability to do this is demonstrated by the growth of the larvae's weight and length, with the rise in larval length in each treatment having the most beneficial result.
Carcinoma Thyroid : A Literature Review
Authors: Hayaza Safira Said , Wahyudi Belynda Rahmalia Sanceska , Triani Eva
Published: January 2025

Thyroid carcinoma is a type of cancer that originates from the cells of the thyroid gland, and its incidence has been steadily increasing in the last decade. It is the 7th most common type of malignancy among women, after ovarian carcinoma, with nearly 80% of diagnosed cases being the papillary type. Triggering factors that contribute to the development of thyroid carcinoma include genetic influences, iodine deficiency, history of overexposure to radiation, and history of goiter. Various clinical guidelines have been developed for the diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). This article aims to analyze the risk factors, clinical characteristics, and different treatment approaches for thyroid carcinoma, as well as explore new factors contributing to the increasing incidence of this disease. By doing so, the reader is expected to gain a deeper understanding of thyroid carcinoma. This article discusses important aspects such as epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and prevention related to thyroid carcinoma, so that the selection of management can be made more appropriately, and help reduce the rate of increase in the incidence of this disease.
Identification of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Maggot Growth Using Different Growth Media
Authors: Ulaan Magdalin , Indriani Yeni
Published: January 2025

One alternative feed that meets the requirements as a source of protein is the larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens or called maggot). Maggot Black Soldier Fly (BSF) is the larva of a type of black soldier fly that is able to process various types of organic waste quickly, easily reproduce, and has a high protein of 61.42%.The purpose of this study was to determine which type of growth media is suitable for optimal maggot growth. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and three replications. The treatments in this study were Media A (Tofu pulp + 5 ml EM4 + 500 ml), Media B (Coconut pulp + 5 ml EM4 + 500 ml), Media C (Fine rice bran + 5 ml EM4 + 500 ml). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a real level of 0.05. The results showed that growing media with media treatment C (Fine rice bran + 5 ml EM4 + 500 ml) gave significant results (P <0.05) on maggot weight with an average value of 29.3 grams and the highest maggot length growth with an average value of 1.7 cm during 14 days of maintenance. Thus, different growing media have a significant effect on the growth of Black Soldier Fly Maggot (Hermetia illucens).
Modification of Protein-Based Edible Film Characteristics with Different Glycerol Concentrations: A Study on Thickness, Gelation, and Microstructure
Authors: Fahrullah Fahrullah , Basriani Basriani , Anita Cis , Febryanti Farah , Fitri Fitri
Published: January 2025

A thin layer of material added directly to food products that comes from consumable sources is called an edible film. Proteins can be used to create edible films with barrier qualities against oxygen, moisture, and smell, making them appropriate for use as packaging materials that improve product appearance and have preservation effects. Finding out how different glycerol concentrations affect the thickness, gelation duration, and microstructure of protein-based films is the aim of this investigation. A completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications was used in this investigation. The treatments comprised distinct glycerol concentrations, designated as P1 (35%), P2 (40%), and P3 (45%). The protein-based films exhibited thickness values of 0.108–0.113 mm, gelation times of 16.00–20.67 minutes, and a uniform microstructure. At higher concentrations, such as 45%, glycerol resulted in increased porosity and aggregation within the polymer matrix, which in turn led to a reduction in the homogeneity and mechanical strength of the films.  A glycerol concentration of 35% proved to be the most effective treatment for the production of a whey-gelatin-based edible film, resulting in a smooth surface and an even distribution of glycerol within the protein matrix. This approach effectively reduced the occurrence of cracks or irregularities.
Vegetation Characteristics of The Nesting Area of The Orange-Footed Scrubfowl (Megapodius reinwardt) In Tunak Mountain Natural Tourism Park Central Lombok District
Authors: Wardani Heny , Yamin M. , Khairuddin Khairuddin
Published: January 2025

Orange-footed scrubfowl (Megapodius reinwardt) is a protected species and needs to be preserved. They build mounds using leaves, twigs, plant litter and soil. The importance of plant vegetation around the Orange-footed scrubfowl nesting area while until this research was conducted no one had examined plant vegetation in Orange-footed scrubfowl nesting area became the background of this research. The data collection method of this research is by using the plotted method. Variables in this study include plant vegetation (tree diameter, number of individuals and tree species) and environmental data including temperature, humidity and light intensity. The results showed that the vegetation of Orange-footed scrubfowl nesting area in TWA Gunung Tunak has differences in species between one nest and another, but there are still many similar species. The diversity index shows that the vegetation around the nest is not diverse, ranging from 11-15 species with high dominance evenness. The species similarity index between inside the nest and outside the nest is high. This is also influenced by environmental factors that are not too different from one nest and another. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it is concluded that the vegetation of the gosong bird nesting area in the red foot of TWA Gunung Tunak has differences in species between one nest and another, but there are still many similar species.
Improving Fertilization Efficiency through Biochar Application and the Development of Superior Varieties of Red Chili Peppers
Authors: Permana Indra , Intan Nurcahya  , Abdul Hakim  , Romy Faisal Mustofa  , Dewi Tirta Kumala
Published: January 2025

Soil quality improvement can be achieved through the application of soil ameliorants such as Biochar. Developing superior varieties that are efficient in fertilization is also an effort to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. This study aims to improve fertilization efficiency through the application of Biochar and the development of hybrid large red chili varieties at Siliwangi University. The research method used a Split-split plot design, consisting of large red chili varieties as the main plot, Biochar dosage treatment as the sub-plot, and different doses of inorganic fertilizers as the sub-sub plot. The main plot treatment consisted of four levels: Baja Variety (V1), UNSIL-01 (V2), UNSIL-02 (V3), and UNSIL-03 (V4). The sub-plot had two levels: without Biochar (B0) and 10 tons/ha of Biochar (B1). The inorganic fertilizer treatment consisted of three levels: 25% (P1), 50% (P2), and 75% (P3) of the standard dose. Each treatment was repeated three times, resulting in 72 research plots. The slow pyrolysis of coconut shell produced biochar with an average efficiency of 33.7% based on the dry weight of the feedstock. Optimal pyrolysis conditions, with temperatures ranging between 275°C and 485°C over 6 to 9 hours. Among the tested chili varieties, UNSIL-03 (V4) and Baja (V1) showed the highest growth performance, particularly in height and stem diameter, in biochar-amended soil. The application of 25% of the standard inorganic fertilizer dose, in combination with biochar, was sufficient to achieve optimal plant growth across most varieties, especially Baja (V1) and UNSIL-03 (V4).
The Economic Value of Candlenut Utilization in the Batudulang Village Forest Area, Batu Lanteh Subdistrict, Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Apriara Lisa , Markum Markum , Setiawan Budhy
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify the various uses of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), specifically candlenuts, and to analyze the economic value of candlenuts utilized by the community of Batudulang Village, Batulanteh Subdistrict, Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The study is expected to serve as a basis for consideration and evaluation for forest managers, enabling them to make informed decisions and establish appropriate policies to improve the management system of the area. This research employs a descriptive method using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The respondents were determined using a census method, with a total of 23 respondents participating in the study. The results of the study show that the respondents, who are members of the Sumber Alam Business Group (KUB), utilize candlenuts in three forms: whole nuts, shelled nuts (oce), and candlenut oil. The analysis of the economic value of candlenuts utilized by the members of the Sumber Alam KUB reveals that the average annual income per person from whole candlenuts is IDR 19.979.501, from shelled nuts (oce) is IDR 38.250.000, and from candlenut oil is IDR 1,700,000.
Identification And Inventory of The Types Of Bacteria Found At The Base Of The Sebangau River Pier Palangka Raya City
Authors: Suraya Ummi , Yasin M. Noor
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan. untuk mengindentifikasi dan invetarisasi jenis bakteri yang ditemukan di Pangkalan Dermaga Sungai Sebangau Kota Palangka Raya. Waktu pelaksanaan pada bulan Nopember 2021 dengan metode penelitian secaran deskriptif dengan pengambilan sampel di lokasi Pangkalan Dermaga Sungai Sebangau Kota Palangka Raya dan pengujian sampel dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Stasiun Karantina dan Pengendalian Mutu Palangka Raya. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukannya 7 isolat gram positif dan 12 gram negatif dengan 12 jenis bakteri dan karakterisitik bakteri yang berbeda yaitu, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas caviae, Citrobacter freundii, , Edwardseilla tarda, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria sp, dan Enterobacter cloacae.
GESTÃO AMBIENTAL DE BARRAGENS DE REJEITOS NO MUNICIPIO DE MARABÁ PARÁ.
Authors:   , gadioli josianne silva
Published: January 2025

A empresa XX, é uma mineração com extração de manganês, com auto teor em Mn% e com baixos contaminantes. Com uma operação simples, a mesma está no mercado desde de 2004. Com a mina localizada no município de Marabá Pará.No caso barragens de rejeitos, tais estruturas devem atender as exigências de proteção ambiental e de segurança, além de inserir se o processo produtivo. O Brasil, em relação às contenções estruturais das implantações de barragens, objetiva nas buscas estratégicas nas consequências de riscos e nas diluições dos custos na extração mineral, sendo feitas nos conformes das leis e nas medidas, ou seja, atribuindo métodos construtivos com o próprio material, ou com o próprio rejeito através de três métodos: montante, jusante ou linha de centro, variando também os tipos de materiais ou de seus tratamentos os transformando em polpas viscosas.A gestão ambiental na indústria de mineração brasileira vem interagindo uns campos em rápida evolução, dados sugerem que o Brasil consta em bons resultados no setor de mineração. Dentre os fatores de estimulação e investimentos, o grande propulsor foi à lei, na qual hoje tornou se progressivamente mais rígidas, como consequência de crescimento e importância, que não só fez avançar as exigências como também aos retrocessos.Todo o ramo da indústria e dos serviços confronta se com os desafios de produção mais limpa e segura, na mineração não é diferente, aplica continuamente prevenção relativa a processos, visando aumentar a eficiência e redução de riscos para a saúde humana e para o meio ambiente.Oferecer um estudo eficiente, onde se possa obter um compromisso da empresa com gestão ambiental na barragem de rejeitos na realização das atividades/operação na extração de manganês fortalecendo principalmente as preventivas para maximizar e implementar a eficiência dos equipamentos, disponibilizando maior segurança a barragem.
Sobre el espacio escolar y su configuración durante el siglo XIX. Respuestas a nociones civilizatorias del Estado moderno mexicano
Authors: Ballín Rodríguez Rebeca
Published: January 2025

Se presentan algunos elementos del proceso de la construcción de la escuela elemental en el siglo XIX, reflexionando sobre el espacio-lugar en donde se impartía la primera enseñanza y la ubicación de esas escuelas de primeras letras, análisis que permite delimitar y comprender el concepto de espacio escolar en el siglo XIX, a través de una doble perspectiva: la de la referencia geográfica y la del espacio material concreto de los locales escolares como elementos indispensables para el estudio de la cultura escolar.
Cómo llegó el yoga clásico a los bailarines y a las escuelas de danza
Authors: Ramos Villalobos Roxana Guadalupe
Published: January 2025

Este artículo forma parte de la investigación titulada “La luz del yoga sobre los profesionales de la danza”, que busca indagar los vínculos existentes entre estas dos disciplinas, inquietud que surgió porque en la actualidad bailarines, docentes, coreógrafos incluyen al yoga como parte de su entrenamiento o como materia obligatoria o complementaria en el currículo para la formación de bailarines. Los avances que muestro tienen como principal propósito dar a conocer cuáles fueron las condiciones históricas, artísticas y culturales que permitieron que el yoga llegara a México y se instalara paulatinamente en las escuelas de danza. Este trabajo es abordado desde una perspectiva histórica y para elaborarlo recurrí a dos tipos de fuentes: documentales –libros clásicos del yoga, textos de autores expertos en yoga postural y en estudios sobre Asia– y testimoniales –doce entrevistas, para este artículo retomé comentarios de cinco de ellas–. Los hallazgos hasta este momento los presento en tres apartados: a) Antecedentes del yoga en México; b) Siglo XX. Migraciones y transformaciones del “yoga clásico”; c) Yoga para bailarines.
Synthesis of some triazole and triazoline derivatives by green chemistry and study of their molecular docking with a study of them against anticancer and antifungal
Authors: Eman Abdul Wahab. A. Alkuwaity  , Rajaa Abd AL-Ameer Ghafil  , Arkan Hasan Jawad
Published: January 2025

In our research, we prepared derivatives of the triazole ring and triazoline by click chemistry method, and we identified the prepared compounds by spectroscopic methods, then the molecular fusion of these compounds was studied to find out the most likely compound associated with colonic cancer. The compound S2 shows the highest association with the protein responsible for the malignant cells, then we studied the biological activity. The compound M116 against colonic cancer cell show good results as an inhibitor of the studied cancer cell.
Basement depths estimation using the Euler-3D and source parameter imaging methods from the analysis of ground magnetic field data in the Niger Delta Basin
Authors: Princewill Nnamdi OKECHUKWU  , Williams Nirorowan OFUYAH  , Ajirioghene Moses OGUH
Published: January 2025

This study estimates basement depths in the Niger Delta Basin using ground magnetic field data, analysed through Euler-3D deconvolution and Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) methods. Ground magnetic data were collected with an AMC-6 High-precision Fluxgate Magnetometer across 6 dip and 14 strike profiles, alongside a tie-line. The Euler-3D deconvolution method was applied to map the depth and distribution of magnetic sources by solving Euler's homogeneity equation, while the SPI method provided an independent depth estimate using the local wavenumber approach. Both methods revealed significant basement depth variations that align with known structural features of the basin. This integrated analysis offers a robust interpretation of the subsurface architecture, enhancing the understanding of the region's geology and supporting ongoing resource exploration. The findings highlight the effectiveness of combining Euler-3D and SPI techniques for subsurface exploration in complex geological settings like the Niger Delta Basin.
The potential of sucralfate as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of periodontal disease: A review
Authors: Salwa Alya Putri  , Rafie Wahyu Purnomo  , Irma Josefina Savitri
Published: January 2025

Background: Periodontal disease, a common inflammatory condition caused by bacterial dysbiosis, leads to the destruction of connective tissue and tooth supporting tissue, and has a strong correlation with systemic disease. Sucralfate is a medication commonly used to treat epithelial wounds due to its strong anti-ulcer effects. It is also recognized for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the regulatory effect of sucralfate on periodontal remains unclear. The article aims to review the potential of sucralfate in the treatment of periodontal disease.
Material and Methods: The literature review within the year 2019-2024 was carried out in ScienceDirect, PubMed and Google Scholar databases with the keywords: sucralfate, periodontal health, periodontal medication, oral health, antibacterial.
Results: Sucralfate demonstrates multiple beneficial properties for periodontal treatment, including forming protective barriers, reducing inflammation, and promoting wound healing. It shows promise in mitigating dental erosion, managing mucositis, and enhancing recovery in postoperative scenarios. However, its localized effects and minimal systemic absorption make it relatively safe, though side effects like constipation and rare cases of aluminum toxicity in renal-compromised individuals were noted.
Conclusions: Sucralfate has significant potential as an adjunctive treatment for periodontal disease, leveraging its cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Despite its promise, further research is needed to address the heterogeneity of existing studies and to evaluate its clinical efficacy through standardized trials, enabling its integration into routine periodontal management.
Perilaku Makan dan Jenis Pakan Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis) di Hutan Pusuk Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Aditya Muhamad Pradana Sasaka , Anwar Hairil , Aji Irwan Mahakam Lesmono
Published: January 2025

Monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) memiliki kemampuan beradaptasi yang tinggi terhadap lingkungan sehingga mampu hidup di berbagai tempat. Monyet ekor panjang yang merupakan primata arboreal juga memiliki peranan penting bagi hutan, salah satunya sebagai pemakan buah-buahan dan biji sehingga membantu dalam penyebaran biji-bijian demi keseimbangan alam. Perilaku makan monyet ekor panjang diamati menggunakan metode Focal Animal Sampling. Individu yang digunakan adalah alpha atau pemimpin dari kelompok monyet ekor panjang. Penelitian dilakukan selama 20 hari, di mulai dari pagi hari pukul 06.00-12.00 WITA, siang hari pukul 12.00-15.00 WITA dan sore hari pukul 15.00-18.00 WITA, dengan interval waktu 10 menit. Jenis pakan monyet ekor panjang yang diamati meliputi jenis pakan, bagian yang dimakan (meliputi buah, biji, daun, kulit batang, akar dan sebagainya), bagian yang dibuang, ketinggian pohon pakan, diameter pohon pakan dan luas tajuk pohon pakan. Pencatatan dilakukan bersamaan pada saat pengamatan perilaku makan.
Pendapatan dan Kelayakan Usaha Ternak Ayam Broiler di Desa Lumpoknyo Kecamatan Luwuk Kabupaten Banggai
Authors: Wijayanti Dwi
Published: January 2025

Sektor pertanian berperan sangat penting untuk memajukan perekonomian Indonesia teristimewa di bidang Agribisnis karena membentuk rancangan yang utuh dan bermula atas prosedur produksi, mengelola produk, serta pemasaran hingga aktivitas lainnya. Pengembangan pertanian berkelanjutan ditujukan untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian khususnya dibidang peternakan ayam broiler guna memenuhi kebutuhan protein hewani serta memaksimalkan  ekspor, pendapatan peternak yang meningkat, membuka peluang besar dalam kesempatan kerja dan memaksimalkan peluang kesempatan dalam berusaha. Kabupaten Banggai jumlah populasi ayam broiler 1.920.000 ekor, khususnya di Kecamatan Luwuk Desa  Lumpoknyo jumlah populasi ayam 58.900 ekor yang terbagi dari 13 orang peternak, sehingganya tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui pendapatan dan kelayakan usaha ternak broiler di Desa Lumpoknyo. Penelitian ini memakai analisis pendapatan dan kelayakan usaha. Hasil    penelitian membuktikan bahwa total pendapatan responden ternak broiler di Desa Lumpoknyo adalah Rp.405.766.414 per satu periode, rata-rata pendapatan responden sebesar Rp.31.212.801. usaha ternak ayam broiler layak untuk diusahakan. Karena nilai R/C sama dengan 1,2, yang artinya lebih besar dari 1,0.
EEG Spatial Organization Features in Adolescent Patients with Different Subtypes of Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Iznak A. F. , Iznak E. V. , Kuleshov A. A. , Krylova E. S. , Kaleda V. G.
Published: January 2025

Background: despite the presence of multidisciplinary researchs the neurobiological pathways of borderline personality disorders (BPD) in youth are studied insufficiently. Neuroimaging methods found some structural and functional changes in fronto-limbic system associated with social communication and emotions regulation. The increased impulsivity characteristic of BPD suggests the decreasing of inhibiting control of emotions and behavior due to state of prefrontal cortex. The aim of the study: to assess the features of the spatial organization of brain activity in patients with different clinical subtypes of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Patients and Methods: the study included 52 patients aged 16–25 years (mean age 20.4 ± 3.2 years) with BPD (F60.31, according to ICD-10). Methods: clinical-psychopathological, psychometric, neurophysiological, statistical. Based on clinical and psychopathological characteristics, three groups of patients with different subtypes of BPD were identified. In all patients, a pre-treatment multichannel resting EEG was recorded with measurements of EEG coherence in narrow frequency subbands. Between-group differences in clinical and neurophysiological parameters were identified using nonparametric statistics criteria. Results: differences between the groups of patients were revealed in terms of the spatial organization of the EEG — in the number of “highly coherent” functional connections (with coherence coefficients above 0.9). High values of the number of such connections in the alpha2 sub-band of the EEG in the fronto-central-temporal regions reflect a relatively better functional state of the prefrontal cortex. Conclusion: the noted features of the spatial functional organization of brain activity in groups of patients with different subtypes of BPD may underlie differences in their clinical conditions, control of emotions and behavior.
Personalized Approach to Prediction and Prevention Clozapine-Induced QT Prolongation
Authors: Nasyrova R. F. , Kidyaeva A. V. , Grechkina V. V. , Petrova M. M. , Shnayder N. A.
Published: January 2025

Background: antipsychotics are widely used in psychiatry. Clozapine remains an indispensable antipsychotic due to its effectiveness. However, it has a wide range of undesirable effect, including an increased risk of QT prolongation, a potentially fatal complication that can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP) and sudden cardiac death. Objective: to systematize information for practicing psychiatrists about a personalized approach to the prevention of QT interval prolongation in patients with mental disorders when taking clozapine. Methods: a search for full-text articles published from 02/01/2014 to 02/01/2024 was carried out in PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Google Scholar. Results: this review analyzed and summarized the results of studies on the effect of clozapine on the QT interval, the role of risk factors and hereditary predisposition in the development of clozapine-induced prolongation of the QT interval and Torsade de Pointes in patients with mental disorders. The main mechanism of clozapine’s cardiotoxic effect is dose-dependent inhibition of potassium channels in the cardiomyocyte membrane. Clozapine is extensively metabolized in the liver, which may cause significant interindividual variability in its pharmacokinetics. A decrease in the rate of metabolism of clozapine may lead to an increase in its concentration in the blood, and thereby increase the risk of developing cardiotoxic adverse reactions. To reduce the risk of clozapine-induced QT prolongation, it is advisable to use predictive pharmacogenetic testing. Conclusion: Generalized data on the effect of clozapine on the duration of the QT interval and the risk of developing TdP in patients with mental disorders may be needed by psychiatrists when selecting the dose and duration of clozapine. Predictive pharmacogenetic testing can help reduce the incidence of potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias.
Pola Distribusi Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Menggunakan Data Satelit Aqua Modis Di Laut Jawa Saat Musim Peralihan
Authors: Suhanda Delilla , Wulan Sari Fani , Putra Gilang
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola distribusi Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) di perairan Laut Jawa menggunakan data penginderaan jauh dari satelit Aqua MODIS pada musim peralihan I dan II tahun 2015–2016. Metode yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan spasial dan temporal untuk mengamati distribusi HAB, dikaitkan dengan parameter curah hujan dan arus laut. Data yang dianalisis meliputi konsentrasi klorofil-a, arus permukaan, dan curah hujan bulanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan HAB di Laut Jawa memiliki pola distribusi yang bervariasi, dengan intensitas tertinggi terjadi di perairan selatan Kalimantan dan utara Jawa, terutama di musim peralihan. Secara spasial, konsentrasi klorofil-a mencapai nilai puncak 10 mg/m³ di beberapa lokasi, sedangkan secara temporal, pola kemunculan HAB dipengaruhi oleh faktor musim dan curah hujan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pengelolaan sumber daya laut berbasis pemantauan spasial dan temporal untuk mitigasi dampak negatif HAB terhadap ekosistem laut.
Anticancer Drug Docetaxel in Hospital Effluent: Development of Chromatographic Method, Occurrence, and Degradation via Ozonation
Authors: Oliveira Júlia , de Paula Nátalie , Reichert Jaqueline , Martins Ayrton , Souza Darliana
Published: January 2025

Anticancer agents, specifically designed to induce cell death in neoplastic cells, have become increasingly prevalent contaminants in various environmental matrices. Their extensive use has resulted in their detection across multiple settings, including hospital and pharmaceutical factory effluents, domestic wastewater, and surface waters. This study aimed to develop an analytical method for determining docetaxel residues in hospital effluent using Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) and HPLC-DAD. The SPE method demonstrated R² greater than 0.99, with recovery rates reaching 95% and an RSD of less than 2%. The LOQ was established at 10.0  μg L−1, with no significant matrix effects observed for docetaxel. The validated SPE method was deemed suitable for its intended application, as all evaluated parameters met the specifications outlined in current regulatory guidelines. Docetaxel was quantified at 29.9 μg L−1 (±1.3%) in one of the 14 effluent samples collected over a week from the Federal University of Santa Maria Hospital (HUSM). Given that the microbiological treatment system at HUSM does not effectively remove this drug, an advanced degradation process using ozonation was investigated. A Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) method was developed for bench-scale degradation studies and subsequently applied to assess the degradation of docetaxel via ozonation in real samples. The optimized extraction conditions for docetaxel involved a 10 mL hospital effluent sample at pH 9, with ionic strength adjusted using Na₂SO₄. Methanol served as the disperser solvent, while chloroform was the extracting solvent. The ozonation process achieved a removal efficiency exceeding 97% after 60 minutes of reaction, under optimal conditions of pH 7 and an average ozone production rate of 1.5 g O₃ h⁻¹. These findings indicate that ozonation is an effective treatment strategy, significantly reducing docetaxel concentrations in hospital effluent within a short reaction timeframe.