bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Flexibility and Its Impact on the Effective Technique of 12-13-Year-Old Swimmers Specializing in the 200m Breaststroke
Authors: Balamutova Nataliia , Klimakova Svitlana , Kryvoshlyk Danilo
Published: December 2023

The modern breaststroke swimming technique is quite versatile. However, the technique can only be perfected when an athlete can perform movements with significantly greater amplitude, allowing for more efficient and easier execution of technical motions. «Flexibility, as a functional characteristic of the musculoskeletal and support system of the body, determines the athlete’s range of motion. Developing flexibility through general and specific training in swimming enhances joint mobility» [3. с. 98].

The article identifies the influence of joint mobility on the breaststroke swimming technique. It has been found that the most significant impact on changes in swimming technique occurs through the development of mobility in the hip and knee joints. A methodology and means for increasing joint mobility levels are presented, and the reliability of the obtained results is determined. During the research, indicators of linear measurements from pedagogical tests of joint mobility were utilized, along with the calculation of swimming technique indicators for the 200m breaststroke. The impact of the level of joint mobility development on swimming technique was determined through correlation analysis (SPSS-26, CORRELATIONS).

It has been established that the obtained data provide a basis for recommendations in the training process for young swimmers aged 12-13 specializing in the 200m breaststroke. These recommendations include increasing the number of exercises that require the demonstration of hip and knee joint mobility.
Analysis of indicators of general and special physical fitness of students practicing kyokushin karate
Authors: Verbytskyi S. , Putrov S. , Putrov O. , Lutsenko S.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of indicators of general and special physical fitness of students practicing Kyokushin karate. The work includes the analysis of physical indicators in the context of this combat system, where the specifics of training and physical fitness requirements play an important role. The indicators of physical fitness and specialized skills of karate students in this fighting system are displayed. By objectively assessing physical fitness, including endurance, strength, speed, flexibility and special skills, the study shows data on the general and special physical fitness of Kyokushin karate students. The purpose of the study was to determine the indicators of physical fitness of beginner students of the "Kyokushin" karate section. 15 novice athletes of the Kyokushin karate student section took part in the study. The obtained data indicate an increase during the year of almost all test indicators of general and special physical fitness of beginner athletes in Kyokushin karate. The research findings can determine ways to improve training methods and develop physical fitness of students in this sports discipline.
Research of the difference in the level of formation of swimming skills between swimmers and swimmers at the XX World Aquatics Championships (Fukuoka-2023)
Authors: Ganchar I.L. , Ganchar A.I. , Shevchenko R.I. , Penyazenko V.O. , Yegoshin Yu.S. , Kuznetsov O.A. , Kostyushov O.О.
Published: December 2023

The study aims to determine the difference in the parameters of the formation of motor swimming skills among winning swimmers of different ages and genders based on monitoring the swim results at the XX World Aquatics Championships, held on July 14-30, 2023. Research methods: theoretical analysis of literary sources and practice experience, monitoring ascertaining experiment, generalization of documentary materials, mathematical statistics. Material. The best final achievements of swimmers among 112 men and 111 women at all 45 sports and marathon swimming distances were established according to the program of these prestigious competitions of our time. Results. For the first time, the dynamics of formation of motor swimming skills according to the possibilities of overcoming distances by different methods of swimming depending on the gender difference of participants by almost similar age was clarified (men, x±m=23.96±1.48; women, x±m = 23.36±1.55; t= 0,090; p>0.05) and a significant difference between the achievements of men and women (men, x±m=1.86±0.17; women, x±m=1.69±0.15;t=6.676, p<0.05) at the final starts of the XX World Aquatics Championships in 2023 (Fukuoka, Japan). Thus, the biggest difference was recorded in freestyle swimming for short and medium distances – 0.21 m/s, butterfly swimming - 0.20 m/s, relay swimming - 0.19 m/s and breaststroke swimming - 0.19 m/s, distance in backstroke swimming - 0.18 m/s and complex swimming - 0.18 m/s, although the slightest difference was recorded at the distances of marathon swimming - 0.14 m/s and stayer swimming freestyle - 0.12 m/s, and joint relays - 0.10 m/s. Thus, the general difference between the average swimming speed for men and women at all distances of sports and marathon swimming according to the program of these prestigious competitions is, more than - 0.17 m/s (men, x±m = 1.86±0.17; women, x±m = 1.69±0.15; t = 6.676, p<0.05).
The phenomenon of stress resistance as a leading factor in preserving the health of schoolchildren
Authors: Domina Zh. , Omelchuk O.
Published: December 2023

The authors of the article emphasize that today the study of the phenomenon of stress resistance is becoming interdisciplinary, and stress and stress resistance are the subject of research by scientists from various fields: physicians, psychologists, educators, biologists, sociologists, etc. The purpose of the study is to carry out a theoretical content analysis of the phenomenon of stress resistance as a factor in maintaining schoolchildren's health. It is indicated that modern scientists are actively studying the phenomenon of stress resistance and there are a number of definitions of the concept of “stress resistance”. It is noted that stress resistance is a process and result of successful adaptation to difficult or challenging life circumstances, especially through mental, emotional and behavioral flexibility and adaptation to external and internal requirements. This quality of students' personality is influenced by various factors: cognitive, personality and innate, as well as environment and experience. The factors influencing the stress resistance of students are investigated; the main characteristics of personality stress resistance are summarized.

Conclusions: The phenomenon of stress resistance is attracting the attention of modern researchers in Ukraine and the world. Stress tolerance is a set of personal qualities that allow one to endure stressful situations or mitigate their consequences. A low level of stress resistance reduces the physical and mental health of children and youth. Therefore, it is an urgent task to teach stress resistance to pupils of different school ages and students in the educational process of physical education.
Scientific justification of the need to improve the system of special physical training of military servants using models of mma and strength fitness loads
Authors: Zavizion Oleksandr , Aloshyna Alla , Bielikova Nataliia , Hlukhov Ivan , Mordyk Mykola , Shevchenko Nataliia
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of studying modern ways of improving the system of special physical training of military personnel by modeling the training process using the basic laws of mixed martial arts (MMA) and strength fitness. In the process of analyzing the scientific and methodological literature, the timeliness, expediency and necessity of conducting integral studies on this problem were substantiated, the results of which will allow the development of effective models of training regimes of loads for military personnel, taking into account their individual adaptation reserves of the body and the level of special training, as well as the specifics of the professional activity of that or other subdivision. Development of experimental training models of classes using basic equipment, principles of MMA and strength fitness, as well as carrying out a series of studies using a wide range of physiological, biochemical and morphofunctional methods of monitoring the features of adaptive changes in the body and the level of special training (mastery of the necessary elements of MMA) of military personnel, will make it possible to clearly define the mechanisms for correcting load regime indicators depending on the direction and main tasks of the relevant military units. The work presents an algorithm of experimental research that will allow solving the main tasks and developing a modern concept of the system of special training of military personnel depending on the characteristics of the units.
Peculiarities of sports training in Cossack fight
Authors: Lytvynenko A.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with topical issues of sports training in the Ukrainian national sport - Cossack fight. The history of the creation and further development of the Cossack fight based on the traditional Ukrainian martial culture is shown. An analysis of modern competition rules was made and the features of their first edition were determined. The technical differences of the competitive sections in the Cossack fight are revealed. The peculiarities of the training process of athletes depending on their age and the competitive section in which they specialize are shown. The trends in the development of martial arts, which determine the popularity of certain competitive divisions among athletes of different age groups, have been determined. Differences in the training of novice wrestlers and qualified athletes from the national team of Ukraine in Cossack fight are shown. The prospects for the further development of the Cossack fight and other types of national sports martial arts in Ukraine and the world have been determined.

The Cossack fight received an impetus for development in Europe and the world. In the Ukrainian national types of martial arts, Cossack fight and Horting, the principles of building the training process are similar. In the Cossack fight and Horting, there are competitive sections with the use of sports weapons. Training in the competitive division of "fencing" has significant differences from other competitive divisions. It is shown that the Cossack fight is becoming a national brand of Ukraine. Ukraine is increasingly recognized in the world by Ukrainian national martial arts. Cossack fight and Horting are in the same category as taekwondo, Thai boxing Muay Thai, sawat, sumo.
PERSPECTIVES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PHYSICAL EDUCATION SYSTEM FOR IT STUDENTS BASED ON HEAVY ATHLETICS
Authors: Martynov Yu. O. , Nazimok V. V. , Holubeva V. A.
Published: December 2023

This work deals with an extremely important problem - the development of modern, rational, and effective systems of physical education that can be successfully introduced into the educational process of a higher school. The authors show that a healthy and physically fit youth is an extremely important component for modern Ukrainian society. This is due, among other things, to the military actions taking place on the territory of Ukraine. In such conditions, it is important for the population to be ready to repel the enemy, and proper physical training is an important component of such readiness.

Furthermore, the work outlines the provisions that reflect the need to pay due attention to the physical development of students, particularly students of IT specialties, as in the long term, this will provide our country with healthy and able-bodied citizens who will be able to build the future of Ukraine. It is shown that in order to work productively and, if necessary, perform military duty, it is important to have an appropriate level of health and physical fitness.

It was proposed to develop a system of physical education based on such a sport discipline as weightlifting. It has been proven that weightlifting has a positive effect on a person's health and physical qualities. At the same time, attention was paid to the problem of injuries in this sport, which must be taken into account when working with students. In the future, the author's team formulated a number of principles that serve as the foundation for the detailed development of a physical education system based on weightlifting, which can be successfully introduced into the educational process for students of IT specialties.
The disposition of connections between the motor profile components in 4-year-old children
Authors: Mytsenko Yevhen
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study consists in following the connections between the components of the motor profile in children aged 4 years. It was implemented by compiling a list of indicators for determining the individual motor profile in children aged 4 and dividing them into blocks according to the level theory of the organization of motor activity according to M. Bernshtein [1], checking the presence and clarifying the nature of correlations between indicators from the compiled list, assessment on the basis of the obtained data on the fairness of the distribution of the selected indicators into blocks according to the levels of the organization of motor activity according to M. Bernstein. In the process of conducting the research, the analysis of literary sources, the correlation analysis of data according to the Karl Pearson method, the table of critical indicators of this coefficient were used. Scientific novelty. The article is devoted to the assessment of motor control in 4-year-old children. In particular, the study of connections between individual components of the motor profile of 4-year-old children, improvement of the test tool for determining such a profile. In the presented text, the correlations between individual indicators of the motor profile in 4-year-old children, determined using a test previously developed by us, are given. Also, an analysis of the given data based on the concept of "indirect" organization of motor control is presented here. In the article, we have formulated a number of recommendations on current areas of further research devoted to the assessment of motor control in humans. In the article, terms are proposed to indicate the current concepts of this direction of research, as well as the terminology used is consistent with the proposals of authoritative modern scientists dealing with motor control assessment and the use of its results in practice. We managed to include a list of individual motor profile indicators in a single comprehensive test. We could not confirm the presence of a particularly close connection between the success of 4-year-old children in performing tasks that belong to the same level of movement organization according to Bernstein.
Features of Physical Training of Land Forces Officers’ at Canadian Military Educational Institutions
Authors: Petrachkov Oleksandr , Bielikov Illia
Published: December 2023

This article analyses the peculiarities of physical training for officers in Canadian military institutions. It provides a list of the best institutions and offers a brief overview of each. For each institution, it presents sets of exercises used to assess the physical fitness levels of officers. Age and gender-specific factors are considered when monitoring the physical preparedness of servicemen, and the specific goals of individual exercise groups are indicated. It is evident that physical training and sports are mandatory components of officer preparation in Canadian military colleges. While the objectives and tasks of servicemen physical education may vary in wording and content, among the common objectives for physical education for officers is the development of physical abilities and motor skills. The quality of physical preparedness in Canadian military colleges is ensured through the presence of qualified physical fitness specialists. A mandatory aspect of physical training is the completion of tests that determine fitness for further education at military educational institutions and service in the armed forces. The article supports the idea that team sports cultivate self-sacrifice and team spirit. Individual sports enhance self- confidence, balance, and self-assuredness. In a comprehensive context, all kinds of sports cultivate self-discipline and the ability to react quickly and accurately to various circumstances and extreme service conditions while maintaining control and resilience. Adapting the results obtained to Ukrainian conditions, it can be concluded that strengthening the professionally oriented physical training of officers while considering the specific aspects of physical training of officers in Canadian military educational institutions and Canadian Armed Forces is advisable.
Physical training - as one of the main components of military professional activity of a law enforcement officer
Authors: Romanchuk S. , Lesko O. , Homaniuk S. , Shevtsiv U. , Lashta V. , Tkachuk O. , Shevchenko O.
Published: December 2023

The effectiveness of the performance of official tasks by law enforcement officers depends to a large extent on how well they are prepared for this activity. Among the numerous areas of professional training, one of the most important is the physical training of law enforcement officers. This is due to the diversity of tasks performed, including countering offenders and criminals, stopping their activities, bringing them to law enforcement agencies and detaining them.
The article deals with the role of physical training in the military and professional activities of law enforcement officers of Ukraine. The military professional activity of law enforcement officers takes place against the background of heavy loads under the influence of environmental stress factors, and constant interaction with citizens and representatives of the criminal environment requires a wide variety of skills.
The author reveals a direct correlation between the presence of developed physical qualities and successful professional activity. In addition, the most important element of professional training of law enforcement officers is service and combat training, which includes physical training. The peculiarity of physical training is the performance of specially designed exercises, as well as in-depth study of combat fighting techniques. The author determines the dependence of physical fitness and ensuring personal and social security of a law enforcement officer, his/her psychophysical performance and professional capacity.
Use of canisterapy in the rehabilitation treatment of children
Authors: Yachniuk M.Yu. , Zendyk O.V. , Gulina L.V. , Yachniuk E.M.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes methods of treatment and rehabilitation using dog therapy for children evacuated from the combat zone to Bukovina. Animal therapy is one of the types of therapy that includes the use of animals as a means of treatment. The goal of such therapy is to improve the patient's social, emotional, or cognitive functions. One of the methods of positive psychosocial and physical rehabilitation influence on people who need it, through specially managed and trained dogs, is canister therapy. There are several types of canister therapy in the world. The presence of a dog reduces psychological and physiological excitement, thus the shaggy therapist has a stabilizing effect on the patient. Canister therapy is also used as an auxiliary psychotherapeutic method to solve various situations when other methods are ineffective or unsuitable. Since special norms and requirements for animal treatment have not yet been developed in Ukraine, and specialists work exclusively according to the protocol of the World Organization for Canister Therapy and cynology. In the field of rehabilitation, work’s not certified specialists, but certified ones who have passed first-level canister therapy courses, under the guidance of Polish specialists according to international EU standards, who are valid members of the International Association of the Human-Animal Interaction Organization. There is a system of training dogs, testing them and admitting them to work in addition to the training of a rehabilitator, Since the full-scale invasion, the “City of Goodness” has sheltered more than 3,000 people, currently housing 320 wards. Among them are three evacuated children's boarding schools from Odesa and Mykolaiv regions. Today it is the largest shelter in Ukraine. “City of Goodness” provides everyone with individual support, depending on their needs. The war made adjustments to the way of life for all of us - we have to live, work and take care of each other in unusual conditions.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DE PARICÁ SOB INFLUÊNCIA DE DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS E NÍVEIS DE SOMBREAMENTOS
Authors: Bastos Adriene de Oliveira , Shibata Marilia , Santos Cassio Rafael Costa dos , Fernandes Ana Paula Donicht
Published: December 2023

A produção de mudas é uma etapa fundamental para que qualquer espécie alcance seu alto padrão de produtividade e qualidade. Deve-se considerar fatores como a escolha correta dos tipos de substratos e intensidade de luz as quais as mudas são submetidas durante essa fase. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de paricá sob a influência de diferentes substratos orgânicos e níveis de sombreamento. O delineamento experimental foi disposto em blocos casualizados, com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas, com a utilização de quatro níveis de sombreamento (0%, 30%, 50% e 70%) como fator primário, e quatro tipos de substratos orgânicos: A (100% caroço de açaí triturado fermentado); B (65% açaí + 35% cama de aviário); C (20% cama de aviário + 50% pó de serra + 30% solo) e D (100% solo – testemunha), como fator secundário. Foram realizadas cinco avaliações quinzenais das variáveis altura total, diâmetro a altura do colo e número de folhas. O composto orgânico B e os níveis de 30% e 50% de sombreamento proporcionaram melhores médias para as variáveis analisadas, sendo estes recomendados para a produção de mudas de paricá.
Palavras-chave: Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby; luminosidade; mudas florestais; produção mudas; substratos orgânicos.
 
Development of paricá seedlings under the influence of different substrates and shadow levels
 
ABSTRACT: The production of seedlings is a fundamental step for any species to reach its high standard of productivity and quality. Factors such as the correct choice of substrate types and light intensity to which the seedlings are submitted during this phase should be considered. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the initial development of paricá seedlings under the influence of different organic substrates and shading levels. The experimental design was arranged in randomized blocks, arranged in split plots, using four levels of shading (0%, 30%, 50% and 70%) as the primary factor, and four types of organic substrates: A (100 % fermented crushed açaí seed); B (65% açaí + 35% poultry litter); C (20% poultry litter + 50% sawdust + 30% soil) and D (100% soil – control), as a secondary factor. Five biweekly evaluations of the variables total height, diameter at neck height and number of leaves were carried out. Organic compost B and levels of 30% and 50% of shading provided better means for the variables analyzed. Therefore, these treatments are recommended for the production of paricá seedlings.
Keywords: Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby; luminosity; forest seedlings; seedling production; organic substrates.
Retnaningsih the Dreamer
Authors: Rinto Andriono  , Novita Dewi
Published: December 2023

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Staining Intensity of P16INK4a and Ki-67 Determine the Grade of Cervical Lesion: An Experience from Single Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Sarma Usha , Sarma Purashree , Rabha Dhanashri
Published: December 2023

Background: Various non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions occur in cervix. HPV infection plays a major role in genesis of cervical lesions. Although most HPV infections are cleared out, infections with high risk HPVs may persist resulting in cervical dysplastic lesions. Using p16, a surrogate marker for HPV infection and Ki-67, a proliferation marker, along with histopathology, help improve the diagnostic accuracy of these lesions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of p16 and Ki-67 in cervical lesions and association of their staining intensity with the histologic grading. Also to determine the predictive value of these markers in association with the cervical lesions. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out in 122 cases which were diagnosed histopathologically and then evaluated for the immunohistochemical expression of p16 and Ki-67 and their staining intensities. Results: The dysplastic lesions comprised of 83.7% cases [29.5% LSIL, 5.7% HSIL, 43.5% SCC and 4.9% adenocarcinoma] and 16.3% had non dysplastic lesions. p16 and Ki-67 expression were seen in 64.7% and 68% cases respectively. The intensity of p16 and Ki-67 expression was scored according to Galgano et al (2010). An increasing intensity of p16 and Ki-67 expression with higher grades of the cervical lesions was noted and this association was found to be statistically significant. (χ2 = 43.46 and p value < 0.0001). Conclusion: Though histopathology is the gold standard, the role of p16 and Ki-67 have emerged as useful adjuncts in detecting the true nature of the cervical lesions. They aid in the proper diagnosis, classification and distinction from non-dysplastic lesions, helping the clinicians in taking prompt action for management of the cases.
Investigating the Properties and Cytotoxicity of Cisplatin-Loaded Nano-Polybutylcyanoacrylate on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Gorgzadeh Amirsasan , Hheidari Ali , Ghanbarikondori Parizad , Arastonejad Mahshid , Ghasemi Goki Tayebeh , Aria Mehrad , Allahyartorkaman Ahmadreza , Moazzam Farimah
Published: December 2023

Background: This study aimed to develop a novel drug formulation using polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles to deliver cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment.Materials and Methods: PBCA nanoparticles were synthesized using a mini-emulsion polymerization method, and the resulting NPs were comprehensively characterized for their physical properties, such as size, size distribution, zeta potential, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the NPs was assessed, along with their ability to release the entrapped drugs over time. Results: The results showed that the PBCA nanoparticles had a mean size of 457 ± 7.4 nm, a size distribution of 0.253±0.011 and a negative zeta potential of -12.3 ± 1.3 mV. The drug encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of cisplatin-PBCA were found to be 45.6 ± 2.7% and 3.5 ±0.8%, respectively; The release of the drug from the PBCA was estimated to be approximately 12.2±1.1% after 45 hours. The cytotoxic effects of the nanoparticle formulation were significantly enhanced compared to the free drug. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin-PBCA was evaluated in the T-47D breast cancer cell line, showing promising results as a potential drug formulation for breast cancer therapy. Conclusions: These findings suggest that cisplatin-PBCA may offer advantages over traditional cisplatin formulations, potentially improving the efficacy and reducing the toxicity of breast cancer treatment.
Cytopathological Spectrum of Salivary Gland Lesions According to Milan Reporting System: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Datta Balmiki , Daimary Michimi , Bordoloi Krishangee , Thakuria Chandrama
Published: December 2023

Background: The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) was developed in 2015 to standardize reporting of salivary gland cytology, promote better communication between clinicians and institutions, and ultimately improve patient outcomes care. The current study aims to determine the cytopathological spectrum of salivary gland lesions using the Milan System for reporting in a tertiary care hospital of northeast India. Methods: Clinical data and cytology smears of salivary gland lesions diagnosed from January 2016 to May 2021 were retrieved. All the cytology smears were reviewed again and reclassified to one of the six categories after applying strict criteria given by MSRSGC. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC to detect malignant lesions were calculated considering HPE as the gold standard. Results: A total of 57 salivary gland lesions were examined, 31 (54.38%) were males, and 26 (45.6%) were females with a median age of 34 years (range 6-70 years). Statistical analysis showed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy as 75%, 100%, 100%, 95%, and 95.65%, respectively. MSRSGC Category IVa was the commonest with 29 cases of pleomorphic adenoma. Conclusion: The overall diagnostic accuracy of cytologic reporting of salivary gland lesions based on Milan nomenclature in our institution was 95.65%. Our findings reflect the positive contribution of the MSRSGC towards accurately identifying the malignant lesions and thus further helping the clinicians regarding the specific management decisions.
External Beam Radiotherapy for Dysphagia Palliation in Advanced Esophageal Cancer: A Prospective Study
Authors: Das Abhinandan , Kalita Apurba Kumar , Bhattacharyya Mouchumee , Nath Jyotiman , Yanthan Yanpothung , Das Tapashi , Das Ankita , Neog Moniprom , Sonar Mongal
Published: December 2023

Background: Esophageal cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy often associated with a poor prognosis because of locoregional failure and distant metastases. About 60–70 percent of the patients present at an advanced stage, have a median survival in the range of 6-10 months, and are not amenable to definitive treatment. Dysphagia is the most common complaint, seen in 80%–90% of patients. The priority for managing patients with advanced disease is dysphagia control, which in turn can improve nutritional intake and quality of life. External-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is one of the major means of palliation. Objective: The primary goal of our study was to assess the efficacy of external beam radiotherapy in alleviating dysphagia in patients with esophageal cancer.Materials and method: This was a single arm prospective clinical study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in northeast India. The study comprised of 57 esophageal cancer patients, ineligible for definitive treatment. The patients received EBRT of 30 Gy in 10 fractions over two weeks. Dysphagia was graded using Modified Takita’s grading system. Patients were followed up at one-month intervals after treatment to assess dysphagia and acute toxicity. Results: Out of 57 patients in the study, subjective dysphagia relief was seen in 82.45%. The median dysphagia score decreased from 3 to 2 at the end of the 3-month post treatment period. (p < .001). In terms of treatment-related toxicity, treatment was well tolerated. No grade 4-5 toxicity was encountered. The most commonly encountered toxicity was radiation esophagitis, which affected 15 patients (26.31%).Conclusion: Radiation significantly improves dysphagia in esophageal cancer patients. It is an effective, non-invasive, and well-tolerated way to treat dysphagia in selected individuals with incurable esophageal cancer.
Організаційні засади та культурно-освітня діяльність Луцького православного братства у другій половині ХІХ ст. – початку ХХ ст.
Authors: Альошина Оксана
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the organizational foundations and functioning of the Lutsk Orthodox Church Brotherhood in Volyn province. The directions and main achievements of the brotherhood's activities in the cultural and educational spheres are revealed. In general, members of the brotherhood conducted educational work to raise the religious, moral and cultural level of the local population. The role of the church brotherhood and its contribution to the religious, cultural and social life of Lutsk and Volyn province in the second half of the nineteenth century is clarified.
Українська інтелігенція 1920-х рр.: (не)банальність потреб і проблема вибору
Authors: Коляструк Ольга
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the problem of the life choices of the Ukrainian intelligentsia in the conditions of the defeat of the national revolution of 1917-1921 and establishment of the Soviet government; the analysis is carried out from the point of historical-anthropological and sociological approaches.Researching problems of intelligentsia as a social phenomenon are analyzed in the article. Іntelligentsia and its functions is considered in the structure of public activity. The author describes principal approaches and tries to uncover possibilities of philosophical study of this theme. The article describes the heteronomous and autonomous strategies of self-realization of the intellectuals, different types of ideological positioning and behavioral reactions in the conditions of loss of freedom and forming a totalitarian regime, the resources of resistance and revival were highlighted.
Use of Stress Coping Strategies among Students with Hearing Impairment: A Gendered-Comparative Study
Authors: Riaz Maliha , Anwar Shazia
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of this study was to identify coping strategies used by males and females with hearing impairment to deal with stress. A causal-comparative study was conducted with a purposive sample of 165 students. Religious coping, positive reinterpretation, and planning were the most common strategies. Females used religious coping more than males, while males used substance use more than females. There was a significant gender difference in the use of problem-focused strategies but not emotion-focused strategies. Age was positively correlated with religious coping, indicating older students used it more. No relationship was found between age and the use of emotion-focused or problem-focused strategies. No significant difference was found in strategy use based on student qualification. This study has implications for students with disabilities, parents, and teachers.
Challenges in Accessibility: Exam Preparation for Students with Low Vision in Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Afshan , Ahmed Faran , Anis Faisal
Published: December 2023

Students with low vision in Pakistan face barriers to accessing accommodations and preparing for exams due to inaccessible learning materials, lack of supportive services, and inadequate school infrastructure. Interviews with 15 students in Lahore revealed inaccessibility to large print books, assistive tech, and other accommodations inhibited learning and exam prep. Students also noted a lack of services like accessible transportation and signage, and teaching methods that fail to accommodate low vision. Moreover, negative attitudes and policies created barriers. The inaccessible environment made exam preparation difficult compared to sighted peers. Significant gaps exist in meeting the needs of students with low vision in Pakistan. Recommendations aim to improve accessibility and inclusion for exam preparation.
Problemy dotyczące stosowania regulacji w zakresie nakładania i wyliczania korekt finansowych
Authors: Piątek Edyta
Published: December 2023

Celem opracowania jest zidentyfikowanie regulacji określających zasady ustalania i nakładania korekt finansowych w perspektywie finansowej 2014–2020 oraz weryfikacja ich zastosowania dla rzeczywistej sytuacji rozstrzyganej przez sąd okręgowy. Analiza badanego przypadku wskazuje na możliwość powstania nieprawidłowości skutkujących korektą dofinansowania.Badania zostały oparte na analizie dostępnej literatury przedmiotu, obowiązujących aktów prawnych oraz rzeczywistego przypadku projektu finansowanego ze środków Unii Europejskiej zrealizowanego z naruszeniem postępowania przetargowego, dla którego zidentyfikowano nieprawidłowość skutkującą korektą finansową.Analiza badanego przypadku wskazuje, że dla zidentyfikowania naruszenia jako nieprawidłowość konieczne jest wystąpienie wszystkich przesłanek nieprawidłowości, w szczególności przesłanki szkodliwego wpływu na budżet UE poprzez obciążenie go nieuzasadnionym wydatkiem.Problematyka ustalenia, czy dane naruszenie jest nieprawidłowością skutkującą korektą finansową na etapie postępowania sądowego, nie była dotychczas przedmiotem analiz i w tym zakresie niniejszy artykuł wypełnia lukę badawczą. Zaprezentowane wyniki poszerzają zatem dotychczasową wiedzę o stosowaniu korekt w praktyce gospodarczej i sądowniczej.
Turbulentna sytuacja gospodarcza Rosji po wybuchu wojny w 2022 roku
Authors: Sokołek Mariusz , Żukowski Marian
Published: December 2023

W latach 2022–2023 sytuacja gospodarcza Rosji była dynamiczna i pełna wyzwań. Jej agresja na Ukrainę i wprowadzenie sankcji gospodarczych przez kraje zachodnie miały istotny wpływ na rosyjską gospodarkę. W wyniku ataku na Ukrainę i priorytetowego traktowania finansowania działań wojennych, rosyjski budżet na 2022 r. został znacząco zwiększony, prowadząc do dużego deficytu budżetowego. Dług publiczny Rosji wzrósł znacząco w ciągu roku, osiągając poziom 17,2% PKB. To oznacza znaczny wzrost w porównaniu z poprzednim rokiem. Rosja, mimo wprowadzonych sankcji, miała korzystny bilans płatniczy, głównie dzięki eksportowi surowców, zwłaszcza ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego. Jej międzynarodowa pozycja walutowa była na poziomie 770 mld USD, a zadłużenie zagraniczne zmniejszyło się w 2022 r., głównie z powodu spłaty kredytów. Jednak struktura tego zadłużenia jest zróżnicowana. Pomimo sankcji Rosja utrzymała znaczący handel zagraniczny, zyskując nowych partnerów handlowych (np. Chiny i Turcję). Zmieniła także kierunki eksportu surowców energetycznych, ograniczając eksport do Unii Europejskiej i zwiększając go do krajów takich jak Chiny i Indie.Pomimo stabilizacji sytuacji gospodarczej w 2023 r., Rosja nadal staje przed wyzwaniami związanymi z sankcjami i ograniczeniami w handlu międzynarodowym. Jej przyszłość gospodarcza pozostaje niepewna. Ten opis sytuacji gospodarczej Rosji w latach 2022–2023 pokazuje skomplikowaną sytuację tego kraju na tle prowadzonych działań wojennymi i nałożonych sankcji międzynarodowych.
Visual Effects in the Creation of Game-based Learning Content: Impact on Perception and Motivation in Learning
Authors: Volynets Viktoriia , Tolmach Maryna , Novytskyi Bohdan
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the use of visual effects in the creation of game-based learning content and their role in improving the quality of the learning process.
The research methods include analysis of scientific and educational sources, analysis of examples of successful use of visual effects in educational games, comparative analysis of the effectiveness of different types of visual effects, their interaction with the educational process, and identification of potential advantages or limitations in the use of these effects to improve the learning process.
The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the effectiveness and capabilities of visual effects that can significantly increase the interest and effectiveness of learning.
Conclusions. The use of visual effects in the creation of game-based learning content and their impact on the learning process, as well as specific examples of the successful use of visual effects in educational games, are considered. The impact of these effects on learning and their role in improving the quality of the learning process is investigated. Creating visual effects for game-based learning content is a key element for enhancing learning and helps to increase the interest and engagement of students and learners. The use of visuals, animations, three-dimensional models, and other graphical elements helps to enhance understanding and memorization of complex concepts, especially when dealing with abstract or complex topics. The process of creating visual effects for game-based learning content includes planning, modelling, texturing, animation, and understanding the target audience. Planning visual effects requires a clear definition of the goals and scope of implementation, as well as structuring the effects to maximize the effectiveness and receptivity of the material. Potential directions for further research in this area have been identified to develop innovations in curricula and optimize and adapt these effects to different types of learning, in particular in the development of specialized tools for creating visual effects that would enable educators and developers to create high-quality educational content without specialized skills in graphic design. And also, the introduction of innovative technologies, including the use of virtual reality and augmented reality to create immersive learning environments.
Information Technologies in Modern PR Activities
Authors: Liashuk Nataliia , Vasiura Ruslana
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to highlight the importance of introducing information technologies into PR activities as a necessary element of the digital transformation of modern society, to characterize the most appropriate and effective means of information and communication technologies in the field of public relations and the effectiveness of their use by considering the PR activities of the American company Airbnb; to find out the main advantages of using interactive network technologies in the organization of public relations and to outline the challenges in implementing modern technologies.
The research methods include analysis of previous studies on the use of information technology in PR activities, systematisation and generalisation to determine the effectiveness of information technology implementation in modern PR activities, content analysis of pages and official communication channels of Airbnb, including the corporate website, mobile application and social media.
The scientific novelty lies in the reflection of current trends in the use of modern technologies in the field of public relations and the substantiation of the advantages and challenges of their implementation. For the sake of argumentation, the study analyses the digital PR communication of Airbnb in order to identify the key aspects of a successful strategy for using information technology in various areas of PR activities.
Conclusions. The essence of the use of information technology in PR activities in the application of modern Internet communication channels, network tools and programs have been determined. It is confirmed that their implementation is a necessary aspect of digital transformation in modern society. The authors identify aspects of the effectiveness of information technology use: reputation control, crisis management, achievement of strategic business goals, and solving marketing tasks. Among the wide range of information tools, social networks, chatbots and immersive technologies are singled out, and their impact is substantiated. The main advantages of using information technologies are characterised: by expanding global access, flexibility and increasing the efficiency of measuring results; and challenges: lack of technical training, competition and information overload, risk of cyber-attacks and privacy violations. The study of Airbnb’s experience confirms the effectiveness of attracting the target audience through a mobile application, a user-friendly Internet platform, and a video campaign on YouTube.
Principal Lines on an Ellipsoid in a Minkowski Three-Dimensional Space
Authors: Garcia Ronaldo , Tejada Dimas
Published: December 2023

The description of principal lines of the ellipsoid on the 3-dimensional Minkowski space is established. A global principal parametrization of a triple orthogonal system of quadrics is also achieved, and the focal set of the ellipsoid is sketched.
Circles Related to a Complete Quadrangle
Authors: Volenec Vladimir , Jurkin Ema , Šimić Horvath Marija
Published: December 2023

U radu dajemo pregled nekih svojstava potpunog četverovrha ABCD u euklidskoj ravnini. Proučavamo kružnice s promjerima AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD, kao i nožišne trokute i nožišne kružnice točaka A, B, C, D s obzirom na trokute BCD, ACD, ABD, ABC redom navedene. Svi prikazani rezultati su poznati iz literature, ali ih ovdje dokazujemo koristeći istu metodu.
Vitamin content in seaweeds: A systematic review on water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins for adult daily intake
Authors: Hagan Miriam , Anyangwe Njwen
Published: December 2023

Background:With the global population on the rise, there is a growing imperative for scientists to innovate new foods utilizing the Earth's resources, catering to consumer preferences, and promoting health benefits. There is a claim that algae, particularly seaweeds, represent an exceptional source of vitamins. Seaweeds, belonging to the marine algae category, harbor potential functional compounds targeted at mitigating metabolic risk factors. They can be integrated into food and beverage preparation either as a whole plant or as extracts. Despite assertions regarding seaweed's vitamin richness, this aspect remains unverified in humans.Objectives:This study aims to undertake a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the amount of water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins in seaweeds, with a specific focus on vitamins B12, C, and Carotenoids.Methods:A comprehensive search for full-text, English-only publications was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar, covering the period from 2016 to 2022. Two search terms were employed on PubMed, yielding 7 and 781 studies, respectively. From these, three studies met the pre-determined eligibility criteria for inclusion. On Google Scholar, the search generated 17,100 studies, and after screening, two studies met the eligibility criteria out of sixty. In total, five relevant publications were identified. The composition of seaweeds was then compared to other dietary sources and nutritional intakes.Results: Seaweeds prove to be a superior source of vitamin C compared to iceberg lettuce, although not abundant for food consumption. They serve as an alternative source of vitamin B12 for the vegetarian population, and Vitamin A (carotenoids) found in seaweeds surpasses that in carrots. The vitamin A content ranges from 2–10% of Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI), while vitamin C content varies from 1–23% of RNI, and vitamin B12 content varies from 107–446% of RNI. Seaweeds exhibit substantial potential as food supplements and as ingredients in the food industry, providing a noteworthy amount of nutritional value.Conclusions: Seaweeds have the potential to enhance daily vitamin intake, particularly for vitamin B12, C, and Carotenoids, in comparison to the recommended dietary allowance.Keywords: Seaweeds, Algae, Marine Algae, Vitamins, Vitamin C
Long COVID-19 Symptoms in People with Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Tsapanou Angeliki , Zoi Panagiota , Kalligerou Faidra , Blekou Patra , Sakka Paraskevi
Published: December 2023

What is the impact of long COVID-19 on people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia? Self-reported questionnaire was used for the report of long COVID-19 symptoms. People with MCI or dementia or their caregivers regarding patients’ health were recruited COVID-19 throughout from the Athens Alzheimer’s Association. We included 72 participants. Thirty had the diagnosis of MCI and 39 had dementia. Most symptoms lasted for 3-4 weeks. The majority of patients reported having all the symptoms, with fatigue being the major disturbance. The diagnosis and the management of long COVID-19 symptoms requires a more holistic and comprehensive approach.