bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of maternal deaths using three delay model at a tertiary care centre in rural Maharashtra, India: retrospective six years study
Authors: Ghumare Jitendra P. , Padvi Namrata Vasant
Published: July 2018

Background: Maternal deaths are the social indicators of the human development and hence their place in MDGs and now in SDGs. Even though India has made a great stride in reducing maternal deaths, the differentials in the states are huge ranging from 46 to 237 maternal deaths per 100000 live births. The three delay model assesses the issues in the emergency obstetric care and upon which the interventions can be based to improve maternal health indicators.Methods: Retrospective record based observational study was carried out at an obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care hospital located at Northern Maharashtra region. The records of deliveries, maternal deaths, age of the mothers, their time of presentation with obstetric complication, level of delay and the reason for delay were extracted for the period of 2011 to 2016. Three delays being, level I - delay in decision to seek care, level II - delay in identifying and reaching medical facility, level III - delay in receipt of adequate and appropriate treatment at facility.Results: Out of 54335 deliveries, there were 128 maternal deaths. 80% women died due to complication in their ANC, 55% being in the third trimester of ANC. Major causes of death were preventable, including Eclampsia (21%), Anaemia (17%), PIH (15%), Sepsis, Other infections and haemorrhage. 27% women had delay of level I, 21% had level III and 15% had a mix of two or three level of delays. The reasons for level I delay being Lack of ANC visits, no ANC registration, level II delay being lack of timely transport facility, level III delay being lack of adequate manpower, training, and lack of efficient intensive care facilities.Conclusions: A good quality emergency obstetric care equals good maternal health. It can be achieved by strengthening the health infrastructure, tackling manpower shortages, having better referral linkages.
INTEGRATING ISLAMIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR ACHIEVING FAMILY PRIVACY IN RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Babangida Hamza , Katsina Halima Sani
Published: July 2018

Islamic Design Principles (IDP) are general guides in the context of the Islamic legal system (Sharia) abstracted for application in the management of the existing Muslim built environment and which could be used for the designing new buildings. Accordingly, they were developed from various Sharia sources among which include the Qur'an and the Hadith, as primary sources. The aim of this paper is to identify Islamic Design Principles which apply to architecture and to use same to demonstrate how they could be applied to achieve family privacy in residential design of the Muslim faithful. The research methodology involved literature search on extant works which identified Islamic Principles and their relevance to residential architecture on one hand and documentation of floor plans of existing houses designed for and occupied by Muslims in Nigeria. A four bedroom duplex among the documented houses was used to demonstrate how family privacy could be achieved using the Islamic Design Principles (IDP) at various design stages such as spatial rearrangement, reorientation, and reconfiguration of functional spaces without compromising global design criteria. In the redesigned floor plans, the design elements that were integrated include those which affected bedrooms, living rooms and other spaces for family interactions to reflect family privacy needs. Overall, the outcome of this paper adds to our understanding of the role the Islamic Design Principles (IDP) could play in no distant future on novel design approaches that support the use of new structural forms, shape and design elements which provides to privacy needs of Muslim faithful as well as satisfy universal design requirements. This paper will find practical implication if it is used as theoretical as well practical support to professionals in designing residences which address specific spiritual values of residents  
ARCHITECTURAL POLYGLOSSIA IN PUBLIC BUILDING FACADES OF LATE OTTOMAN PERIOD
Authors: Sener Mehmet , Bayraktar Neslihan Türkmenoğlu
Published: July 2018

The 19th century was a period of significant transformations in Ottoman architecture in terms of the professionalization of discipline and the actualization of new construction technologies and architectural styles. The basic reason for this situation was the changing politics of Ottoman rulers that was based on the aim of achieving westernization in every aspect of life. In this context, an architectural medium has occurred especially in public building constructions where western based design approaches dominated the architectural production. Whereas, public buildings having different architectural characteristics than this westernization based architectural production, were also constructed in different peripheries of the empire. It is argued in this article that public buildings with polyglossia architectures were built in those regions that were generally concentrated on the facades and had architectural qualities different than the public building constructions executed mostly in İstanbul and other central cities of the empire. In this framework, the characteristics of these polyglossia observed on public building facades that contributed to the formation of architectural diversities in the empire are aimed to be examined. These polyglossia approaches that didn’t transform into stabled architectural styles are evaluated within the framework of the design components and constructional elements applied on the buildings.        
Corruption as Business Challenge in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Yahya , Rethi Gabor , Szegedi Krisztina
Published: July 2018

Corruption is a curse for any country, as it negatively affects the economic activities and drags the whole society to worst conditions by increasing the poverty and social inequities. Recently the most critical factor for doing business in Pakistan is corruption. In order to give a comprehensive picture of corruption in Pakistan this article (1) critically analyses the literature regarding corruption, its impact on society and the business environment specifically in Pakistan, (2) focuses on business-related factors of corruption, (3) presents various anti-corruption initiatives of Pakistani companies and foreign good examples. Based on our research this study emphasizes that the government should take corrective actions and strengthen institutions and should work in collaboration with the private and civil sector to control the uprising corruption problems. Awareness against corruption in business sphere and general public is very much needed and implementing possible anti-corruption tools, companies can positively contribute to the fight against corruption and Pakistan's economic and social development.
La renta de la tierra en Argentina: los derechos de exportación en el período 2003-2014
Authors: Monteforte Ezequiel , Sánchez Matías Agustín
Published: July 2018

El artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir al estudio de la relevancia de los derechos de exportación en el proceso económico argentino, a partir de discutir las determinantes generales del gravamen y lo ocurrido en el período de la posconvertivilidad. Para ello, se recurre a un amplio conjunto de información para la realización de una estimación de la recaudación del impuesto, complementaria a la información oficial. En particular, la estimación obtenida posee un mayor nivel de desagregación, a la vez que se propone una clasificación alternativa de las actividades económicas sobre las que efectivamente recae el impuesto y, adicionalmente, se incorpora el efecto de los reintegros a las exportaciones. Entre los resultados, se sostiene que la relevancia de la recaudación vía el impuesto en el período mencionado se encuentra entre las mayores en términos históricos y fuertemente asociada a la renta de la tierra proveniente de la explotación de los recursos naturales.
La arquitectura textual del carnaval en las columnas irónicas de Daniel Samper Ospina
Authors: CARO LOPERA MIGUEL ANGEL , CAMARGO MARTÍNEZ ZAHYRA , URIBE ÁLVAREZ GRACIELA
Published: July 2018

Este artículo de reflexión, derivado de una tesis sobre la enseñanza de la comprensión de textos argumentativos irónicos, aborda, a la luz del interaccionismo sociodiscursivo, la posible arquitectura textual carnavalizada que se desprende de un corpus de 117 columnas de opinión de Daniel Samper Ospina publicadas entre 2014 y 2016 en la Revista Semana (Colombia). Desde un interés hermenéutico y perspectivas pragmalingüísticas para el estudio de la ironía verbal, se identifican rasgos de carnaval bajtiniano en los tres niveles de la infraestructura textual (gracias al juego con la dispositio argumentativa tradicional y al travestimiento de géneros), la textualización (mediante inversiones a los principios neogriceanos de Levinson, según el Grupo de la Ironía, Alicante, Lengua Española, Griale) y la responsabilidad enunciativa (como fruto de la inserción de enunciadores absurdos que enmascaran la función locutor). Esto refuerza la concepción de la ironía como dispositivo textual carnavalizante del decir, sus modos, sus voces y sus estructuras.
Editorial
Authors: BUSTAMANTE VÉLEZ BLANCA LUCIA
Published: July 2018

Cada vez son más complejos los retos que enfrentamos los editores de revistas científicas universitarias para lograr mantener nuestras publicaciones en el actual sistema de medición, establecido por Publindex-Colciencias a partir del año 2016.En su “Política para mejorar la calidad de las publicaciones científicas nacionales”, la entidad ha incluido como objetivos: incrementar la participación de los investigadores nacionales en la producción científica internacional divulgada en revistas indexadas en índices de citación de alto impacto, e incrementar el número de revistas científicas nacionales incluidas en los índices citacionales y bases de datos de las comunidades científicas.El sistema de medición citado presenta características como valoración del impacto por áreas de conocimiento; incorporación del índice H; índice de citación Cuartiles –Journal Citation Report, JCR, Thomson Reuters y SCImago Journal Report, SJR–; autocontrol y revisión de los criterios mínimos por parte del editor y la institución editora, y medición a partir de la versión en línea de la revista.Así, para poder clasificar en alguna de las categorías determinadas por Publindex-Colciencias, es preciso obtener un alto índice de citación, participar en capacitaciones, además de la inclusión en diversas bases de datos internacionales, índices y directorios de alto impacto.Cuadernos de Lingüística Hispánica, órgano de difusión de la Maestría en Lingüística de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, en cumplimiento de los anteriores requerimientos, ha logrado obtener la clasificación en categoría C, ubicándose dentro de las ocho (8) revistas indexadas de la UPTC. Sin embargo, con el fin de mejorar su calidad, la revista hace ingentes esfuerzos para subir de categoría, como por ejemplo, la publicación oportuna, la selección de jurados especializados en cada uno de los temas, el cumplimiento estricto de las normas editoriales, una cuidadosa corrección de estilo, la inclusión de los números anteriores de la revista en formato HTML y en otras bases de datos, así como capacitaciones en Dublin Core y OJS, entre otros.
Perra en celo de un sueño rojo: de la revolución al devenir. Reflexiones desde una práctica estética sobre la posibilidad del sujeto y la política contemporáneas
Authors: Luzza Rodríguez Pablo
Published: July 2018

Preguntarse por el problema de la política en la teoría social contemporánea, nos enfrenta a la tensión que se presenta en la articulación entre la acción política capaz de transformar lo social y la disolución del sujeto. Si no hay sujeto, tampoco autores, ni personalidades, ni líderes en el sentido moderno de estos términos, ¿cuáles son las modalidades de acción social y política capaces transformar el curso  de  la  historia? A partir de esta pregunta, y sirviéndonos de la noción de políticas del ano de Paul B. Preciado, tomaremos la teoría y las prácticas queer para  ahondar en la relación entre procesos micro y macropolíticos, enfocando en los modos de producción subjetiva y los procesos de creación artístico- cultural capaces de trastocar los límites de lo posible. Así, Susy Shock, como un caso de militancia artística con manifiesto arraigo político queer de la escena under de Buenos  Aires, nos permitirá acceder al análisis de un proceso de producción estético-político-teórico.
La inocencia: configuración semiótica de una propuesta ética en el discurso lírico de Rómulo Bustos Aguirre
Authors: Chico Quintana Rafael Arturo
Published: July 2018

En el presente artículo, exponemos de la manera más sintética y exhaustiva posible los resultados de una investigación desarrollada entre los años 2011 y 2013. Nuestro interés aquí es comunicar tanto los resultados como los aspectos más relevantes del análisis e interpretación realizados en doce poemas del autor colombiano Rómulo Bustos Aguirre. Ello nos permitirá mostrar cómo en dichos poemas se predica una propuesta ética. Para desarrollar nuestra exposición, focalizamos un poema representativo del conjunto, porque en él se replican aspectos de la configuración semiótica que hace de nuestro corpus una unidad. Nuestro fundamento teórico-metodológico estuvo conformado por los aportes de la Semiótica del discurso de la escuela intersemiótica de París y el modelo de análisis sémico y léxico semántico de la Semántica interpretativa de François Rastier.
La consagración del escritor Pablo Montoya Campuzano. Un acercamiento a la institución literaria en Colombia
Authors: Mahecha Arias Jacqueline
Published: July 2018

El primer cuarto del siglo XXI presenta nuevas dinámicas literarias vinculadas a los  procesos de consagración de un autor ante la escalada de las grandes editoriales. A partir de lo anterior, se hace necesario entender cómo el autor sigue luchando por establecer su ideología dentro de un sistema que exige estructuras específicas para la producción de pensamiento, imaginación  y publicaciones. Para tal efecto, se tomará en cuenta  la teoría de Jacques Dubois, con el fin de identificar, de forma práctica, los agentes e instancias dentro de la institución literaria colombiana que intervienen en el proceso de consagración del escritor Pablo Montoya, y la incidencia de los premios literarios que le han otorgado.
Modelo Explicativo Territorial para paisajes agroproductivos en Colombia, caso Paisaje Cultural Cafetero
Authors: Rincón Cardona Fabio
Published: July 2018

En el presente artículo se expone un modelo explicativo territorial, su composición y su finalidad en la comprensión de paisajes agroproductivos, tema de relevancia interdisciplinaria. A partir de un intensivo trabajo de campo en la región Eje Cafetero, zona en la que se aplica este modelo, se estudian territorialidades, en las cuales se presentan relaciones de poder de diversa índole. Este territorio se ha delimitado como Paisaje Cultural Cafetero, declarado patrimonio de la humanidad entre los años 2000 al 2015. Este modelo se compone de las dimensiones ecosistémica, sociohistórica, socioeconómica y sociopolítica. Se espera consolidar con él un insumo de investigación para la toma de decisiones de las instituciones culturales, agrícolas, de ordenamiento y gestión territorial.
Enseñanza y aprendizaje de la geografía para el siglo XXI
Authors: Torres Pérez Luis Guillermo
Published: July 2018

El libro se presenta como una contribución al análisis de los avances existentes en la enseñanza de la geografía, poniendo en dialogo los recursos y métodos didácticos utilizados por educadores en el aula. El texto busca generar una orientación en los procesos de formación de los docentes, ya que la constante renovación de los contenidos y métodos al interior de la geografía y de la enseñanza de la misma, demanda una actualización de los temas y de las estrategias didácticas.Este propósito explícito en cada uno de los apartes del libro, tiene como referentes las investigaciones realizadas por sus autores, basándose en diferentes procesos de innovación que conjugan las ideas previas de los estudiantes con las construcciones vividas, percibidas y concebidas del espacio en el marco de la injerencia de los medios de comunicación en la construcción de las realidades económicas, sociales y culturales.
Aspectos legais da pesca artesanal do camarão sete-barbas no município de Penha, SC: o papel do defeso
Authors: Acauan Renata Costella , Teixeira Benjamim , Polette Marcus , Branco Joaquim Olinto
Published: July 2018

Buscando contribuir para a gestão da pesca artesanal, foram avaliados os aspectos legais da atividade no município de Penha, SC, com destaque ao defeso do camarão sete-barbas (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri). Identificaram-se 36 normas que regulamentam a atividade, muitas das quais são ineficazes. A alteração do defeso é a principal reivindicação dos pescadores; constatou-se ainda que a maioria dos trabalhadores que recebem o seguro-defeso não teriam direito ao benefício, pois atuam na preparação do pescado.
Análise setorial do impacto da política dos APLs no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Carraro Andre , Linhares Suamy Savaris
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho avaliou a política de Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APL) para os municípios do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi analisado o impacto nos setores dos municípios que possuem APL em relação àqueles que não o possuem no período de 2006 a 2014. O arranjo Moveleiro da Serra Gaúcha e o APL de Pedras, Gemas e Joias foram os únicos que obtiveram resultados positivos e significativos para o nível de emprego. Na análise da remuneração média, nove APLs apresentaram efeitos positivo.
THE RESEARCH OF ASSOCIATIONS IN LINGUISTICS
Authors: Akhmad I. M.
Published: July 2018

The paper deals with the characteristics of the associative-semantic relationships lexemes. Traditionally, the study of lexical system is carried out by examining the lexico-semantic paradigms, most of which are formed on the basis of integral-differential constraints lexemes. Furthermore, these lexical categories are related to the situation themed items. Different nature organizations have union-associated words. Their comparison with conventional paradigms is very difficult. However, studies have shown that the relationship between the associated words can also have a semantic basis.The study of semantically close and associated words is an actual objective of linguistics at the moment. Scientists reveal the principles of classification-associated units of language, their typology, semantic relationships between associations and associates. As a result of these studies, together with the generally recognized rules and definitions, there is a new type of lexical paradigm which is introduced by associative-semantic group, whose members are parts of the associative field and thus contain the same semantic structure of semes.Semantic approach to the study of associated words is promising because it allows a researcher to expand understanding of the lexico-semantic paradigmatic, the principles of the systematization of vocabulary. In the future, there are prospective of studying associative-semantic links between members of different thematic, lexico-semantic groups of words of different parts of speech.
TRANSLATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS IN POPULAR SCIENCE TV PROGRAMS
Authors: Hrytsai I. S.
Published: July 2018

Mass media play a vital role in the life of society, they record and report various events in human life. Television texts and hosts’ speech are full of stylistically marked lexical units and a variety of means of expression and figurativeness. One of these means is a term which is used in non-specific environment. Terms in non-technical context can not only perform their direct nominative function, but also they can perform a stylistic function enriching the speaker’s speech, hence making it more interesting for the audience. Terms in popular science TV shows can denote objects, processes and phenomena, as well as be used for description of person’s character and appearance. The article describes and analyzes types of terms used in popular science TV programs, translation techniques applied for metaphorical terms, abbreviations and anthroponyms. The influence of nontechnical context on translation of technical terms has also been highlighted as well as issues concerning it, namely the loss of terminological meaning in the target language (determinologization), acquisition of terminological meaning by target language lexical units (terminologization) and omission of terms in the target language. The research was carried out on original British and American popular science TV programs “Mythbusters”and“TopGear” and their translated versions in Ukrainian.
EFFICIENCY TESTING OF EXPERIENTIAL ESP INSTRUCTION TO FUTURE SYSTEM ANALYSTS
Authors: Kornieva Z. М. , Pavlovska I. V.
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the topical problem of introducing the experiential methodology into the process of teaching English at technical tertiary schools. The backgrounds of the methodology mentioned are analyzed; the process of implementing the general and narrow professionalization into English instruction is described. GeneralEnglishprofessionalization aims atsimultaneouscombinationofseveralelementsofteaching, whicharetaughtseparatelyunderthecurrentcurriculumandalso have separate timeallocation. These components include the improvement of general English competence, as well as general and narrow professionalization of English instruction. The authors describe the stages of efficiency testing of experiential ESP instruction using the new textbook “Professional Basics”. The study is suggested to be organized on the basis of the aspected approach, which stresses the necessity in studying such components as subject, sociolinguistic, linguistic, psychological and communicative aspects. The factual results of the experiment and estimation of the proposed methodology efficiency are given. It is stated that the textbook and the methodology proved their high efficacy in learning outcomes – all groups showed the general increase in all types of communicative activities. The outcomes of the questionnaires completed by the students after the experimental study under the proposed methodology are also presented.
LINGUISTIC DEVICES OF DEVELOPING TEXT FORMAL INTEGRITY
Authors: Matkovska H. O.
Published: July 2018

The article provides the profound insight into the principles and means of achieving the formal text integrity. The fundamental directions of the text study have been suggested. They include the purely linguistic approaches as well as the interdisciplinary ones. The notion of text has been specified within the structural-and-grammatical, semantic, communicative and semiotic approaches. The main standards of textuality have been discussed. The integrity as one of the crucial criteria pertaining to the text is associated with the standards of cohesion and coherence. The main divergences between the cohesion and coherence have been established. Cohesion is determined as a formal aspect of the textual integrity which is concerned with the lexicogrammatic relations within the text. The coherence as a content integrity is predetermined by the text theme. It has been stipulated that the communicative unity of the text is achieved through the information flow, establishing anaphoric or cataphoric relations throughout the informative structure of the text. The research has been aimed at the organization and characterizing of the principal linguistic devices used to provide the formal integrity. The cohesion is based on the formal iteration, which involves various types of recurrence, reference, ellipsis and substitution, and formal relation that is achieved by means of conjunction and word order.
FORMATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR READING FOREIGN SCIENCE TEXTS
Authors: I. V. Tsymbal
Published: July 2018

The article deals with an extremely important problem of teaching technical department students to work with science texts in foreign language.The main areas of researches devoted to reading psychology problems and psychological readiness are examined. In the introduction the author justifies the importance of foreign languages learning in formation of technical department students and the role of the teacher in their motivation to read science texts and to overcome cognitive difficulties during reading. As scientists frequently use a specific, mathematical language, with symbols and formulas that are difficult to ground in everyday experience and that often require extreme precision a teacher must learn students to be ready for these difficulties and to overcome them.The author gives proof of creating of practical course that would improve reading and comprehension skills. It is also very important to take into account such individual psychological features as multiple intelligence, learning style of each student and so on.The components of psychological readiness of students to work with foreign science texts that influence their comprehension are described. The author presents the objective of the Foreign Language for Specific Purposes lessons, aimed at creating a psychological readiness of students to the work with foreign science literature; knowledge, skills and experience that should be formed and developped on these lessons. They predicted the results of testing these FLSP lessons.
STUDENTS’ INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR CONSIDERATION IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Authors: Doronkina N. E. , Ivasiuk O. V.
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the ways of finding approach to the students with different abilities within one educational process in higher technical educational institutions. To recognize different types of intelligence, the criterion of predominating perceptive channel or perceptive modality and the theory of multiple intelligences have been used. According to the former, visual, auditory and kinesthetic types cab be determined. The latter comprises verbal, logical, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic intelligences. The author describes the peculiarities of each type of intelligence as well as analyzes the methods and means of teaching foreign languages in accordance with it. The project-based and problem-based learning are considered to be effective techniques to involve all the students with different psychological characteristics in educational process. The former contains teacher centered and student centered approaches, which are described and compared in the article. The advantages and disadvantages of them are shown. In the field of problem-based learning, alternative and auxiliary educative methods and forms are taken into account. The stages of individual educational approaches corresponding to three phases of cognitive acts are discussed. Besides, the methods of problem-based learning are mentioned and analyzed.
Engaging the Senses: The Potential of Emotional Data as a New Information Layer in Urban Planning
Authors: Fathullah Afif , Willis Katharine S.
Published: July 2018

Although our emotional connection with the physical urban setting is often valued, it is rarely recognised or used as a resource to understand future actions in city planning. Yet, despite the importance of emotion, citizens’ emotions are typically seen as difficult to quantify and individualistic, even though knowledge about people’s response to space could help planners understand people’s behaviours and learn about how citizens use and live in the city. The study explores the relationship between the physical space and emotions through identifying the links between stress levels, and specific features of the urban environment. This study aims to show the potential of integrating the use of galvanic skin response (GSR) within urban spatial analysis and city planning, in order to address the relationship between emotions and urban spaces. This method involved participants using a (GSR) device linked to location data to measure participant’s emotional responses along a walking route in a city centre environment. Findings show correlations between characteristics of environment and stress levels, as well as how specific features of the city spaces such as road crossing create stress ‘hotspots’. We suggest that the data obtained could contribute to citizens creating their own information layer - an emotional layer- that could inform urban planning decision-making. The implications of this application of this method as an approach to public participation in urban planning are also discussed.
Viral Dark Matter in the Gut Virome of Elderly Humans
Authors: Stockdale Stephen , Ryan Feargal , McCann Angela , Dalmasso Marion , Ross Paul , Hill Colin
Published: July 2018

The human virome is an area of increasing interest with relation to human health and disease. It has been demonstrated to alter in concert with the bacterial microbiome in early life and was also found to be different in patients with certain diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. However, all virome analyses are hampered by a lack of annotated representative database sequences, often referred to as the ‘viral dark matter’. Here we provide the first description of the gut DNA virome in elderly individuals (>65 years old) as well as the description of novel bacteriophages not present in current reference databases. Diversity analysis comparing elderly persons from different residence locations (community living vs long term care facilities) did not reveal any difference in their virome diversity profiles despite the reported differences at the bacteriome level. An abundance of Microviridae of the subfamily Gokushovirinae were present in the faeces of elderly individuals. Several novel members of the order Caudovirales were also characterized and annotated. Assignment of host bacteria to detected viral genomes was attempted using a combination of CRISPR spacers, tRNA genes and a probabilistic approach. Further characterization of the viral dark matter is necessary for developing tools and expanding databases to study the human virome. This study focused on the virome of an aging human cohort with the goal of illuminating part of the viral dark matter.
Preparation ofCuONPs@PVDF/Non-Woven Polyester Composite Membrane: Structural Influence of Nanoparticles Addition
Authors: Terraza Claudio A. , Martin Rudy , Saldías Cesar , González Marjorie , Leiva Ángel , Tundidor-Camba Alain
Published: July 2018

Membrane distillation techniques appear as one of the most promise alternative to guarantee the availability of potable water in time of scarce of this essential resource. For membrane preparation, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is preferred due to the easier synthesis procedures with respect to other fluorine based polymers. In this work, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) at different weight percent (wt.%), embedded in PVDF membranes supported on non-woven polyester fabric (NWPET) were prepared by the phase-inversion method, and characterized by spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR, Raman) and electron microscopy techniques (SEM). The PVDF deposited onto the NWPET was highly composed by its polar -phase (F()= 53 %) which was determined from the ATR-FTIR spectrum. The F() value was kept constant, in the whole range of CuONPs studied (2-10 wt.%) as was determined from the ATR-FTIR spectrum. The absence of signals corresponding to CuONPs in the ATR-FTIR spectra and the appearance of peaks at 297, 360 and 630 cm-1 in the Raman spectra of the membranes suggested that the CuONPs are preferably located in the inner of the membrane but not on its surface. The membrane morphologies were characterized by SEM. From the obtained SEM micrographs, a decrease and increase in the amount of micropores and nanopores, respectively, near to the surface and intercalated in the finger-like layer were observed. As result of the CuONPs addition, the nanopores in the sponge-like layer decrease in size. The values of water contact angle (WCA) measurements showed a trend to decrease from 94° to 80° upon the addition of CuONPs (2-10 wt.%) indicating a diminish in the hydrophobicity degree of the membranes. Apparently, the increase in the amount of nanopores near to the surface decreased the membrane roughness becoming less hydrophobic.
Regional Differences in Economic Impacts of Power Outages in Finland
Authors: Gündüz Niyazi , Küfeoğlu Sinan , Winzer Christian , Lehtonen Matti
Published: July 2018

Estimation of the worth of continuity of electricity supply is of interest of industry, authorities and research society. There are numerous methods to calculate the Customer Interruption Costs (CICs). Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. This paper approaches the problem from Distribution System Operators’ (DSOs) point of view and adopts two existing analytical models. One model is used by the Finnish Energy Market Authority and the second one was proposed by the authors at a previous study. The model suggested by the authors as an alternative to the one used by the Finnish Energy Market Authority proposes a simple and straightforward methodology which will provide credible and objective estimations by only utilizing publicly available analytical data. We made use of cost and reliability indices data of 78 DSOs in Finland from the year 2016. In addition to cost estimations, this paper highlights regional differences in CIC estimations in different parts of Finland and critically overviews the existing standard customer compensation scheme in Finland.
Actualización en el tratamiento laparoscópico de las hernias diafragmáticas de Morgagni. Análisis de la lesión pericárdica por tacker y presentación de 5 nuevos casos
Authors: Moreno Egea Alfredo , Moreno Latorre Alfredo , Parlorio-De Andrés Elena
Published: July 2018

Introducción: El abordaje laparoscópico de las hernias de diafragma puede presentar problemas en relación con laproximidad del pericardio y deben ser conocidos para evitar una morbimortalidad no deseada.Objetivo: Revisar los conocimientos sobre el tratamiento laparoscópico de las hernias de Morgagni, analizar larelación diafragma-pericardio como causa de lesión quirúrgica y presentar una experiencia de 5 nuevos casos.Métodos: Estudio sobre 5 pacientes operados de hernia de Morgagni mediante laparoscopia. Se evalúan parámetrosclínicos, complicaciones y recidivas. El seguimiento medio ha sido de 50 meses (rango: 12-108). Análisis bibliográficoMedline usando como palabras clave «Morgagni hernia laparoscopic repair» para los años 1990-2010. Un revisoranaliza todos los datos clínicos y quirúrgicos de las publicaciones.Resultados: El paciente tipo con hernia de Morgagni es una mujer obesa, 5.ª-6.ª década, hernia derecha y tamañomedio de 9.5 cm. Se presentaron dos casos de morbilidad: 1) fibrilación auricular con derrame pleural y 2) taponamiento cardíaco. No hubo mortalidad ni recurrencias. Cincuenta y ocho artículos fueron analizados. La morbilidad por tackers ha sido del 30 % (arritmias y derrame pericárdico 20 %, taponamiento cardíaco 10 %) y la mortalidad del 33 %.Conclusiones: La reparación laparoscópica de las hernias diafragmáticas de Morgagni necesita conocer la anatomíaregional, una tomografía es aconsejable para valorar el tamaño del corazón y su área de contacto con el diafragma,la fijación de la malla con tackers debe restringirse a los extremos de la malla sin doble corona, y hay que garantizar el seguimiento posoperatorio de los pacientes.
Reacción a cuerpo extraño tras reparación de hernia inguinal y alteración autoinmune tipo esclerodermia
Authors: Moreno Egea Alfredo , Moreno Latorre Alfredo
Published: July 2018

Introducción: El uso de una malla en la reparación de la hernia inguinal tiene el riesgo de rechazo tardío o de complicaciones infecciosas relacionadas con el cuerpo extraño implantado. El objetivo de este estudio es describir un caso de rechazo crónico asociado a una esclerodermia.Caso clínico: Se describe el caso de una mujer de 72 años que tras una hernioplastia con malla de polipropileno desarrolla una enfermedad autoinmune progresiva e invalidante. Se realiza extirpación del material extraño por vía anterior. No hubo morbilidad y no se han presentado complicaciones durante un seguimiento de 6 meses.Discusión: La malla que se implanta en una hernioplastia inguinal puede generar una reacción a cuerpo extraño y una enfermedad de tipo autoinmune como la esclerodermia.
KETENAGAAN DI TAMAN BACAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Sitepu B. P.
Published: July 2018

Reading skill and reading habit should be developed in all levels of society in establishing reading and learning society which can not be avoided in this modern age. The Community Reading Centers (CRC) which have been developed since nineteen fifties are expected to stimulate the establishment and the development of reading societies all over Indonesia. The Government has provided some grants and facilities to empower the Centers to activate their functions. As the expectation for these centers is so great, this preliminary study made a close observation on four Centers located in Medan, North Sumatra. Attention was focused on the number and quality of man power serving the attendants in each Center. It is believed, the manpower plays a significant role in the operation of the Center to do its function to reach the predetermined goals. This preliminary study finds out that the quality of the manpower in the four Centers influence the quality and quantity of the services provided. The Center with experienced and active personnel is able to complete its function better than the ones with lack of experiences and initiatives. This study suggests the Government to give priority to training program in empowering the Centers.
PENINGKATAN PERAN PTK-PNF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS INFORMASI KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI
Authors: Rasid Rasid
Published: July 2018

Under an assumption that in the present days information and communication technology plays an important role in teaching and learning process, this article discusses how ICT can support the attainment of learning achievement. Based on the empirical studies, it recommends the educators and the supporting staff of non-formal education to improve their skills in using ICT in non-formal education and apply them in the instructional activities.
A Comparison of the Effect of One, Three, or Six Weeks of Immobilization on Function and Pain After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Distal Radial Fractures in Adults
Authors: Watson Narelle , Haines Terrence , Tran Phong , Keating Jennifer L.
Published: July 2018

Background:

The optimum period of immobilization following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of distal radial fractures has not been established.

Methods:

One hundred and thirty-three adults with a distal radial fracture treated with ORIF (using a volar locked plate) were randomly allocated, with stratification according to age, to 1, 3, or 6 weeks of postoperative immobilization in a parallel-design, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT). After cast removal, a standardized education and exercise program was followed for 6 weeks. Primary outcomes were function (according to the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation [PRWE]), worst (visual analog scale [VAS]-W) and usual (VAS-U) pain in the past week, and active wrist extension and forearm supination range of motion. All measures were recorded at 6, 12, and 26 weeks following surgery. Secondary outcomes were wrist flexion, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, and forearm pronation active range of motion; function (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH]); grip strength; postoperative adverse events; return to work and/or usual daily activities; and compliance with the home exercise program.

Results:

More than 90% of the participants received treatment as allocated, and 87% completed the 6-month follow-up. At 6 weeks, both the 1-week and 3-week groups had significantly better PRWE scores, wrist extension, and flexion active range of motion than the 6-week group. However, no treatment group was superior to another with respect to primary or secondary outcomes at 12 weeks or 6 months following surgery. Analyses considering only the main effect of the intervention group indicated a preference for the 3-week group, which performed significantly better than the 6-week group with respect to the PRWE, pain (VAS-W and VAS-U), wrist flexion, ulnar deviation, forearm pronation active range of motion, and DASH score.

Conclusions:

For patient function, range of motion, and pain, this investigation demonstrated that immobilization periods of 1 and 3 weeks produced superior short-term outcomes compared with those after 6 weeks of immobilization. These differences were not evident at 3 and 6 months following surgery, with the immobilization period having no significant effect on long-term function, range of motion, or pain. There were no significant differences in adverse events associated with shorter immobilization periods.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Relationship between Pigment Composition and Peel Color for the Fruit of Chinese Flame Tree
Authors: Wang Yiguang , Zhang Chao , Dong Bin , Huang Yaohui , Bao Zhiyi , Zhao Hongbo
Published: July 2018

Chinese flame tree (Koelreuteria bipinnata var. integrifoliola), a common ornamental tree in southern China, exhibits a variety of fruit colors among individual plants within the same cultivated field. In this study, 44 plants with different fruit colors were selected to investigate the impact of pigment composition on the coloration of fruit peels. The plants were divided into three groups based on the color phenotype of the fruit peel: red, pink, and green. The values of lightness (L*) were negatively correlated with redness (a*) and positively correlated with yellowness (b*). The correlations of chroma (C*) with the other color parameters differed among the three groups. In the pooled pink and red groups, C* was negatively correlated with both L* and b* and positively correlated with a*, whereas the opposite relationships were found in the green group. According to the pigment analysis, anthocyanins, chlorophylls, and carotenoids were detected in the fruit peels. Anthocyanins were found to be the main pigment responsible for the differences in fruit color among the various groups. The highest anthocyanin content of fruit peel was found in the red group, followed by the pink group; the lowest anthocyanin levels appeared in the green group. The major anthocyanin component in the fruit peels was identified as cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside. By classifying fruit peel color and determining pigment composition, this study provides a theoretical basis for further researching genetic control and regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes on pigment accumulation and peel coloration of chinese flame tree.
In Vitro Variation of Drought Tolerance in Five Actinidia Species
Authors: Zhong Yun-Peng , Li Zhi , Bai Dan-Feng , Qi Xiu-Juan , Chen Jin-Yong , Wei Cui-Guo , Lin Miao-Miao , Fang Jin-Bao
Published: July 2018

To select resistant germplasm resources and understand the growth and physiological responses of kiwifruit (Actinidia sp.) to drought stress, five species, Actinidia macrosperma (Acma), Actinidia longicarpa (Aclo), Actinidia deliciosa (Acde), Actinidia hemsleyana (Ache), and Actinidia valvata (Acva), were assessed under tissue culture conditions. Rootless seedlings of five species were cultured in a medium containing polyethylene glycol [PEG (formula weight 8000)] to induce drought stress (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). After a 30-day culture, three growth indices [fresh weight (FW), plant height (PLH), and leaf number (LN)] and six physiological indices were determined, and the drought damage index (DDI) was determined. The DDIs of five species increased, and three growth indices decreased with increasing PEG concentrations. The following changes were observed under 20% PEG treatment conditions: superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased significantly in Acma, Aclo, and Ache specimens; peroxidase (POX) activities remained stable in Acde, Ache, and Acva specimens; and catalase (CAT) activities increased sharply in Acma and Acva. Furthermore, the results indicated that soluble sugar (SS) content increased slightly in Acma, Aclo, Acde, and Ache but it decreased in Acva specimens. Proline (PRO) content increased significantly in Acma and Acva, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents tended to increase under drought stress in all five species. Principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that the order of drought tolerance in the five genotypes examined in this study under tissue culture conditions was as follows: Acma > Acva > Acde > Aclo > Ache. Therefore, we concluded that Acma and Acva are more resilient germplasm resources that represent promising kiwifruit-breeding materials. Furthermore, tolerance to drought stress in these species should be further investigated under orchard conditions.
Hydrologic assessment of the TMPA 3B42-V7 product in a typical alpine and gorge region: the Lancang River basin, China
Authors: Wang Zhaoli , Chen Jiachao , Lai Chengguang , Zhong Ruida , Chen Xiaohong , Yu Haijun
Published: July 2018

To evaluate the accuracy and applicability of the TMPA 3B42-V7 precipitation product for the Lancang River basin, we used different statistical indices to explore the performance of the product in comparison to gauge data. Then, we performed a hydrologic simulation using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model with two scenarios (Scenario I: streamflow simulation using gauge-calibrated parameters; Scenario II: streamflow simulation using 3B42-V7-recalibrated parameters) to verify the applicability of the product. The results of the precipitation analysis show good accuracy of the V7 precipitation data. The accuracy increases with the increase of both space and time scales, while time scale increases cause a stronger effect. The satellite can accurately measure most of the precipitation but tends to misidentify non-precipitation events as light precipitation events (<1 mm/day). The results of the hydrologic simulation show that the VIC hydrological model has good applicability for the Lancang River basin. However, 3B42-V7 data did not perform as well under Scenario I with the lowest Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSCE) of 0.42; Scenario II suggests that the error drops significantly and the NSCE increases to 0.70 or beyond. In addition, the simulation accuracy increases with increased temporal scale.
CVDentus bur for epithelial abrasion in the treatment of melanin pigmentation: case report
Authors: Leite Katiane Vieira Menezes , Souza Patrícia Oliveira de , Paz Jussania Fonseca da , Fernandes Ana Beatriz Franco , Cunha Leonardo Fernandes da , Correr Gisele Maria
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The gingival melanin hyperpigmentation (GMH) is resulted from an abnormal deposition of melanin, but it is not a pathology. However, GMH is an esthetic problem for some people. Some alternatives of treatment for this situation exist. The epithelial abrasion has been an interesting alternative because it has a satisfactory esthetic outcome, is a fast procedure, of easy execution, and low cost. Recently, tips adapted in ultrasound (CVDentus) can bean alternative approach. Objective: To report a clinical case of GMH treated by the technique of the epithelial abrasion with association of instrument adapted in ultrasound. Case report: Patient aged 28 years, melanoderm, sought treatment due to esthetic dissatisfaction because of intense dark color in the maxillary gingiva. The GMH removal was proposed through the technique of the epithelialabrasion CVD bur. Conclusion: The technique of epithelial abrasion using CVD bur was effective in removing GMH at one-year follow-up showing to be easy and safe technique.