bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sebum: A Window into Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Metabolism in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Sinclair Eleanor , Trivedi Drupad , Sarkar Depanjan , Walton-Doyle Caitlin , Milne Joy , Kunath Tilo , Rijs Anouk , Debie Rob , Goodacre Royston , Silverdale Monty , Barran Perdita
Published: January 2020

A metabolomics profiling approach was conducted to identify diagnostic biomarkers of PD from sebum, a non-invasively available biofluid. In this study, we used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to analyse 274 samples from participants (80 drug naïve PD, 138 medicated PD and 56 well matched control subjects) and detected metabolites that could predict PD phenotype. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models based on this sebum metabolome had correct classification rates of 70.4% and 69.7% to distinguish between drug naïve PD and medicated PD from control, respectively. Variable importance in projection (VIP) scores indicate compounds with significance belonged to sphingolipid, triacylglycerol and fatty acid/ester lipid classes. Pathway enrichment analysis showed alterations in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction viz. the carnitine shuttle, sphingolipid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism. This study unveiled novel diagnostic sebum-based biomarkers for PD, and provides insight towards our current understanding of the pathogenesis of PD.
Multiphase Complex Coacervate Droplets
Authors: Lu Tie-Mei , Spruijt Evan
Published: January 2020

Liquid-liquid phase separation plays an important role in cellular organization. Many subcellular condensed bodies are hierarchically organized into multiple coexisting domains or layers. However, our molecular understanding of the assembly and internal organization of these multicomponent droplets is still incomplete, and rules for the coexistence of condensed phases are lacking. Here, we show that the formation of hierarchically organized multiphase droplets with up to three coexisting layers is a generic phenomenon in mixtures of complex coacervates, which serve as models of charge-driven liquid-liquid phase separated systems. We present simple theoretical guidelines to explain both the hierarchical arrangement and the demixing transition in multiphase droplets using the interfacial tensions and critical salt concentration as inputs. Multiple coacervates can coexist if they differ sufficiently in macromolecular density, and we show that the associated differences in critical salt concentration can be used to predict multiphase droplet formation. We also show that the coexisting coacervates present distinct chemical environments that can concentrate guest molecules to different extents. Our findings suggest that condensate immiscibility may be a very general feature in biological systems, which could be exploited to design self-organized synthetic compartments to control biomolecular processes.
The Effect of Financial Institutions Banking Soundness Against Stock Price
Authors: Akbar Abu Bakar
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the soundness of banking financial institutions variable as measured by Return on Assets, Net Interest Margin, and Capital Adequacy Ratio on share prices at government banks in the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2008-2015. The population of this study is the Government commercial banks consisting of BRI Bank, BNI Bank, BTN Bank, and Bank Mandiri. The sample of this study is the assessment of the soundness of government commercial banks on stock prices, with the scope of the assessment covering the factors of ROA, NIM, and CAR. The sample was obtained through the publication of 2008-2015 annual financial statements totaling 32 data. The analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis, while the measurement tool uses t test, F test, and the coefficient of determination (R2) test. The results showed that the ROA variable had a positive and significant effect on stock prices, the NIM variable had a negative and significant effect on stock prices, the CAR variable had a positive and significant effect on stock prices at government commercial banks in the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
The Meaning of Social Interaction Through Social Networking as a Media Promotion of Modern Library Information Services in The Sociological Perspective
Authors: Bakhtiyar Bakhtiyar
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian untuk “ngaweruhi” potensi social networking sebagai media promosi perpustakaan. Obyek penelitian terfokuskan pada content interaksi sosial melalui jejaring sosial sebagai media promosi efektif perpustakaan. Ruang lingkup penelitian terwujunya citra positif perpustakaan melalui jejaring sosial. Penelitian menggunakan historical approach dan pencarian data adalah studi library research. Analisis kajian menggunakan analisa diskriptif kualitatif dan content analysis. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1). Tren perpustakaan modern berbasis TIK harus  diwujudkan keberadaannya, untuk beradaptasi sesuai tututan serta harapan masyarakat di era revolusi industri 4.0. (2). Pemustaka  potensial  adalah  digital native berkemampuan tinggi memanfaatkan TIK dan sistem penelusuran  informasi harus terintegrasi, sehingga mampu menarik generasi digital native mengunjungi perpustakaan secara maya. (3). Perpustakaan harus berkemampuan  memahami karakteristik pengguna dan fasilitas fisik didisain sesuai tuntutan kebutuhan generasi digital native serta selalu tersambung dengan internet wajib disediakan oleh perpustakaan. (4). Koleksi bervariatif dan layanan diakses secara online, menjadi solusi terbaik sehingga pemustaka dapat mengunjungi perpustakaan secara fisik maupun maya.
Branding Perpustakaan Melalui Akreditasi: Pentingkah Bagi Generasi Milenial
Authors: Nuriana Dwi , Noer Amelia
Published: January 2020

Pengembangan perpustakaan dapat dilakukan dengan mengelola dan memanajemen perpustakaan sesuai dengan  Standar Nasional Perpustakaan Perguruan tinggi, untuk menciptakan citra perpustakaan yang baik di mata pemustaka, perpustakaan perlu menetapkan langkah-langkah untuk menciptakan perpustakaan itu menarik dan diminati oleh pemustakanya. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan branding. Branding merupakan komponen dari proses pemasaran. Branding ini mendefinisikan kepada konsumen tentang produk atau komponen apa saja yang dimiliki oleh perpustakaan untuk di berikan kepada pemustaka.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sharing best practice dimana metode implementasi suatu konsep atau teknologi yang banyak dipakai oleh individu maupun organisasi. Perilaku generasi milenial saat ini dalam mencari informasi dengan cara menggali informasi melalui mesin pencari di internet, disimpan, share kemudian didiskusikan dalam sosial media. Oleh karena itu perpustakaan harus mempunyai strategi untuk menghadapi tren perubahan lifestyle pengguna perpustakaan. Untuk dapat menjadi perpustakaan yang berkualitas, akreditasi perpustakaan merupakan hal yang penting, karena melalui akreditasi standar pengelolaan dapat dicapai. Melalui akreditasi perpustakaan branding dan citra positif lembaga semakin di percaya masyarakat yang lebih di dominasi oleh generasi milenial saat ini.
Cranial Vena Cava Syndrome in Guinea Pigs with Chronic Jugular Vein Catheters
Authors: Cooper Timothy K , Byrum Russell A , Cooper Kurt , DeWald Lisa Evans , Aiosa Nina M , Feuerstein Irwin M , St Claire Marisa C
Published: January 2020

Guinea pigs are a premier small animal model for infectious disease research, and chronic indwelling venous access ports may be used to facilitate various procedures. Here we report catheter-related lesions in 5 uninfected Dunkin–Hartley guinea pigs with chronic jugular vein catheters
used for imaging studies. Three guinea pigs were found dead with no premonitory signs. At necropsy, there was severe bilateral pulmonary atelectasis due to 20 to 29 mL of pleural effusion resulting from catheter-related thrombosis and cranial vena cava syndrome. In addition, one of these 3
guinea pigs had a polymicrobial catheter infection with abscessation. A 4th clinically normal guinea pig was euthanized at the end of the study, having spontaneously lost its catheter 7 mo prior, and had 17 mL of pleural effusion. The 5th guinea pig was euthanized following pooling of contrast
material around the distal catheter in the cranial vena cava on CT. By histology, affected animals had recent and remote thrombosis or fibrosis (or both) of the cranial vena cava and right atrial wall, with osseous and cartilaginous metaplasia. Cranial vena cava syndrome should be considered
as a differential for dyspnea or death in chronically catheterized laboratory animals.
SAPONIFY HANDMADE SOAP: EKONOMI KREATIF PENDUKUNG LITERASI FINANSIAL SISWA SMK
Authors: Oktaviyanthi Rina , Husain Mohammad Kamil , Suryaman Suryaman
Published: January 2020

Fokus kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu pelatihan usaha dan tata kelola keuangan untuk memahamkan dan meningkatkan literasi finansial siswa SMK melalui pembuatan sabun rumah tangga. Metode apprenticeship digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan dengan tahapan kegiatan terdiri atas modeling, coaching dan scaffolding diimplementasikan pada 10 siswa SMKN 5 dan 10 siswa SMKS 17 Kota Serang sebagai mitra kegiatan. Rata-rata pemahaman siswa dalam kegiatan apprenticeship mengenai peluang usaha dan tata kelola keuangan untuk memahamkan dan meningkatkan literasi finansial siswa SMK cukup baik yaitu 62,5%. Nilai tersebut memberikan indikasi positif bahwa kegiatan pengabdian ini memberikan dampak yang baik sebagai permulaan untuk membangun motivasi dalam memulai atau membuka usaha. Hasil kegiatan ini menjadi bahan refleksi dan pertimbangan tim pengabdian Universitas Serang Raya dan pihak sekolah untuk bekerjasama menyelenggarakan kegiatan lanjutan dan berkesinambungan.
Зимнее распределение окуня в горной озерно-речной системе
Authors: Пономарев В. И.
Published: January 2020

Дана общая характеристика распределения и состояния группировок окуня на зимних местообитаниях в горных и предгорных озерах бассейна р. Малый Паток (Приполярный Урал) в районе выхода реки из горной полосы на равнину. Вид отмечен в восьми из 19 озер, они населены окунем в период открытой воды. Выявлены различия размерно-возрастных показателей окуня из различных водоемов озерно-речной системы, черты сходства и различия в характере зимнего питания окуня. Результаты сравнительного изучения ряда биологических показателей свидетельствуют о стабильности и долговременном улучшении состояния популяции окуня.
Елена Николаевна Мелехина
Authors: Долгин М. М.
Published: January 2020

16 августа 2019 г. исполнилось 60 лет известному специалисту в области почвенной зоологии, старшему научному сотруднику отдела экологии животных Института биологии Коми НЦ УрО РАН, кандидату биологических наук, доценту Елене Николаевне Мелехиной.
El auge de los Grupos Económicos en Ecuador
Authors: Villarruel Meythaler Ramiro , Sánchez Gómez Paúl , Cachipuendo Lazo Keven , Jaramillo Jaramillo Iván
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el crecimiento que obtuvieron los grupos económicos en Ecuador durante el periodo de gobierno del expresidente Rafael Correa Delgado. Los datos analizados muestran que, conforme la economía ecuatoriana mejoró en los 10 años de la era correísta, los grandes grupos económicos generaron mayores ingresos en comparación a periodos anteriores y, de manera simultánea, se incrementó su representatividad sobre el capital nacional. Además de esto, se analiza la influencia que tuvieron ciertas variables económicas y el nivel de ingresos de los grupos económicos. En este sentido, los grupos económicos aprovecharon la potencialización que tuvo la economía de Ecuador para incrementar aún más sus ingresos.
Palabras clave: Concentración de riqueza, desigualdad, grupos económicos.
URL: http://revistas.uta.edu.ec/erevista/index.php/bcoyu/article/view/843
Willingness to Stop Smoking: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Primary Healthcare Center Visitors’ in an Urban Area of Alexandria in Egypt
Authors: Rayan Rehab A.
Published: January 2020

For improving accomplished attempts to stop smoking, it is necessary to learn about the qualities of individuals who can willingly stop smoking. This study seeks to discover the willingness degree and associated determinants to stop smoking between adult visitors of a primary healthcare centre in an urban area of Alexandria in Egypt. In this single point and descriptive cross-sectional study, a semi-structured questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 53 adults aged ≥18 years in May 2019. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the determinants influencing the willingness to stop smoking. Of the 53 respondents (with a mean age of 38.7 years old), 41.5% of them were males. Almost 18.9% of the respondents were ongoing smokers (36.4% of males and 6.5% of females), though 83.7% of those smokers were willing to stop smoking. The number of male smokers was significantly greater than female smokers (Pearson Chi-Square = 7.52, p-value = 0.006). Determinants, which can favourably influence the willingness to stop smoking, were believing that smoking is a health risk to them (100%) and the others around (94.3%). A bulk of participants (56.6%) doubted the need for nicotine supplements to help in smoking cessation. Smoker respondents were willing to stop smoking. Understanding that smoking is a health hazard for both smokers and the others around can motivate smoking cessation. Relying on nicotine supplements alone might not add favourably to a strong smoking cessation decision. Tailoring campaigns to raise awareness about smoking health hazards’ would support and sustain smoking cessation.
ANALISIS RANCANGAN KERJA UNTUK MENGURANGI KELELAHAN OTOT MENGGUNAKAN METODE REBA PADA INDUSTRI PERCETAKAN
Authors: tannady hendy
Published: January 2020

Karyawan di industri percetakan dan periklanan PT. Ekta Imaging Digital Lab pada bagian pemotongan sticker yang bekerja dengan posisi membungkuk dan berjongkok mengeluh mengalami nyeri pada bagian tubuh bagian atas dan bagian bawah. Akan adanya kenyamanan yang tercipta dalam bekerj, apabila pekerja telah melakukan postur kerja yang baik dan aman. Postur kerja yang baik sangat ditentukan oleh pergerakan organ tubuh saat bekerja. Dalam penelitian ini, merancang postur kerja pada pekerja bagian pemotongan sticker dengan metode Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA) untuk mengurangi resiko kelelahan. Melakukan pengumpulan data, merancang meja dan kursi usulan, serta menghitung level resiko dan REBA untuk posisi pekerja.
Identity integration in people with acquired disabilities: A qualitative study
Authors: Adler Jonathan M
Published: January 2020

Objective: This qualitative investigation focused on identity integration in a sample of individuals who acquired physical disabilities in adulthood. It also argues for the imporance and ethics of these methods in the broader field of scholarship on personality change following adversity.Method: 13 adults participated in the study. Participants engaged in an expanded Life Story Interview (McAdams, 2008) wherein they narrated the story of their life, including a section devoted to their story of acquiring a physical disability. In addition, participants completed questionnaires concerning their psychological well-being and maturity.Results: We identified two dimensions of narrative themes participants used in grappling with identity integration: one represented active processing of one’s life experiences and the other represented the extent to which participants described their identity as wholly transformed by the experience of acquiring a disability. When overlaid, these dimensions yielded four narrative strategies titled: Adapters, Wanderers, Drifters, and Resisters. We also observed that Adapters seemed to have better psychological well-being and maturity than the other groups.Conclusions: This study offers a foundation for future scholarship on identity among people with disabilities. It also describes the contexts in which retrospective, qualitative methods are especially appropriate for research on personality change following adversity.
“Unhappiness is my lot”. Or is it? Depression in students who perform or study music as compared to students who do not.
Authors: Korte Michaela , Cerci Deniz , Wehry Roman , Timmers Renee , Williamson Victoria
Published: January 2020

Professional musicians are more at risk of developing mental health problems, such as depression, compared to the general population. The level of mental health problems experienced by musicians is comparable to that found in professions with high stress levels such as physicians or air-craft engineers. Despite this fact, it remains unknown whether contributory and standardized factors have the potential to identify whether early career musicians are at risk of depression. This study examines known depression predictors such as anxiety, pain processing, depersonalization and coping strategies, and compares how they affect a music and non-music student population. Moreover, it investigates the extent to which professional identification has an effect on musicians’ levels of depression, and if this factor could be used as a depression predictor for student musicians. 102 under- and postgraduate students (75% UK, 16% other EU countries, 9% USA; age mean = 23.6 years) from various institutions and with different primary subjects (62% music, 38% medicine, psychology, biology) participated in an online survey featuring standardized scales for the above-mentioned depression predictors. Music college students had a significantly higher depression prevalence (31.2%) compared to musicians at university (9.3%), but not compared to university non-musicians (19.4%). The depression factors of anxiety and pain processing were lower in both musicians’ groups compared to non-music students, despite the latter group perceiving pain for shorter periods of time than all musicians. A hierarchical multiple linear regression and a regression tree analysis indicated that professional identification was not a significant predictor for depression. While anxiety accounted for the highest variance (58%), a combination of factors best predicted depression: high anxiety combined with a low-level of burnout with teaching staff. Taken together these results suggest that the culture of teaching institutions may play a vital role in the experience of depression in student musicians. Furthermore, standardized instruments such as anxiety scales, rather than profiling within the profession, offer a differentiated and therefore more promising depression risk analysis for training musicians.
Postpartum Depression: Prevention strategies in South East Asia and its possibility of replication in Nepal
Authors: Singh Manisha , Tiwari Ishwar , Bhandari Dinesh , Katwal Basanta
Published: January 2020

Aims: To identify existing interventions in South East Asian countries implemented to prevent postpartum depression (PPD) and explore the possibility of replication of such interventions in Nepal to reduce it.
Methods: The paper reviewed the risk factors and preventive strategies implemented in South East Asian countries to prevent PPD.
Results: Enough actions have not been taken to address PPD despite of high prevalence in the reviewed countries (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Srilanka and Nepal). However, some of the interventions used such as cognitive behavior therapy, education for girls, poverty alleviation program, participatory approach for empowerment and involvement of community health workers have shown positive impact on reducing PPD.
Conclusions: The interventions used in South East Asian countries were simple in design intervention and mostly conducted through community health workers; it showed a possibility of replication in Nepal as it already has sufficient community workforces working in maternal and child health.
 
Keywords: interventions, maternal depression, maternal mental health, post–partum depression, prevention, south asia, strategies
Spontaneous hematometra: a rare cause of pain lower abdomen
Authors: Manandhar Rojina , Singh Asha , Shrestha Abhimanyu , Shrestha Sebak
Published: January 2020

Hematometra is a rare condition that is most commonly associated with congenital anomalies and prior surgical procedures. This is an unusual case of spontaneous hematometra occuring in 32 years old healthy woman with no prior medical or surgical history. Till now only five cases of spontaneous hematometra without any risk factors have been reported.
Keywords: abdominal pain, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, hematometra
POLA KOMUNIKASI PROSTITUSI DARING DI TWITTER
Authors: Hadiyat Yayat
Published: January 2020

Hadirnya teknologi mengubah cara orang untuk berkomunikasi yang dulu hanya bisa bertatap muka secara langsung namun kini dapat pula berkomunikasi dengan perantara teknologi (computer-mediated communication). Perubahan ini salah satunya dapat dilihat dari pola komunikasi prostitusi yang memanfaatkan media sosial Twitter untuk berpromosi dan mencari pelanggan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode etnografi virtual. Dari hasil pengamatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola komunikasi pelaku prostitusi online di Twitter cenderung satu arah yang terjadi pada level meso. Tweet yang diunggah kebanyakan hanya promosi terkait jasa yang ditawarkan. Komunikasi level meso ini bercampur pula dengan komunikasi level makro dengan menampilkan hastag atau tagar (tanda pagar) untuk mempermudah pencarian oleh calon pelanggannya. Tidak banyak komunikasi pada level mikro karena hubungan antara follower dan followee prostitusi online tidak begitu intim karena hanya terkait dengan bisnis.
KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK KADER KB DALAM PENYEBARAN INFORMASI PROGRAM KELUARGA BERENCANA INTRAUTERINE DEVICE DI DESA CIMANGGU, BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Prasanti Ditha
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada proses komunikasi terapeutik yang dilakukan oleh kader program Keluarga Berencana (KB), khususnya dalam melakukan penyebaran informasi mengenai Intrauterine Device (IUD) di Desa Cimanggu, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses komunikasi terapeutik yang dilakukan oleh kader KB dalam menyebarkan informasi mengenai IUD kepada ibu-ibu di Desa Cimanggu, Kab. Bandung Barat. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi terapeutik yang dilakukan oleh tim kader KB meliputi pesan verbal dan pesan bermedia. Pesan verbal disampaikan dari kader KB langsung kepada masyarakat, sedangkan pesan bermedia didistribusikan oleh kader KB melalui pemasangan pamflet, poster, dan spanduk informasi program KB IUD di tempat-tempat umum.
On Behalf of Augustinian Realism
Authors: Crisp Oliver D.
Published: January 2020

The doctrine of Augustinian realism is a way of construing how sin is transmitted in the doctrine of original sin that has fallen out of fashion in recent dogmatics. In this article, I attempt to say something on its behalf. I give an account of the doctrine, drawing on the work of several nineteenth-century systematic theologians. I then address several standard objections to the doctrine and argue that it has the conceptual resources to meet these worries. This is not to say that the doctrine is without problems; but it does give some reason for thinking that it is better resourced and worthy of more serious attention than it has received of late.
Quebec’s Act Respecting the Laicity of the State and the Demise of Religion: Scandal or Trial?
Authors: Mager Robert
Published: January 2020

On June 16, 2019, Quebec’s National Assembly voted and adopted an Act respecting the laicity of the State, which prohibits a wide variety of government and civil officials, including public school teachers, from wearing religious symbols at work. The act also establishes laïcité as a fundamental principle superseding the exercise of certain rights and freedoms and prevailing over the provisions of any subsequent law. The proposed bill was debated heatedly in Quebec and encountered stiff opposition in the rest of Canada. This article analyzes five factors that were interwoven in the debate: identity, modernity, demise of religion, laïcité activism, and gender equality. The act reflects the difficult journey of a society trying to enforce and protect its unique cultural, social, and political profile within an overwhelmingly English-speaking and multicultural continent. However, the debate and the act itself reveal modern assumptions shared by both the proponents and the opponents regarding the private nature of religious beliefs and practices. From a theological perspective, the article argues that a post-secular approach to contemporary politics would be better suited to a society that, like many others, is facing major local and global issues. Such an approach would entail the possibility for religions and other symbolic sources of meaning to contribute to public debates. Jürgen Habermas and others have defined conditions for the implementation of this approach and called for a “complementary learning process.” The opponents to Quebec’s laïcité act and advocates for religion should see beyond scandal and understand this event as a trial proving religion’s capacity to make positive and fruitful contributions to public life.
Failure Analysis of a Jet Engine Gearbox Drive Gearshaft Ball Bearing
Authors: Villa Rodolfo , Roswurm Scot
Published: January 2020

The case study presented in this article details the failure investigation of an M50 alloy steel bearing used in a jet engine gearbox drive assembly. It discusses the investigative steps and analytic tools used to determine the root cause, highlighting the importance of continuous, thorough questioning by the investigating activity. The combined analyses demonstrated that the bearing failed by a single event overload as evidenced by bulk deformation and traces of foreign material on the rolling elements. The anomalous transferred metal found on the rolling elements subsequently led to the discovery of overlooked debris in an engine chip detector, and thus resulted in a review of several maintenance practices.
Failure Analysis of AISI-304 Stainless Steel Styrene Storage Tank
Authors: Asghar M.S. Ali , Tariq F. , Ali A.
Published: January 2020

A storage tank had been in service at a petrochemical plant for 13 years when inspectors discovered cracks adjacent to weld joints and in the base plate near the foundation. The tank was made from AISI 304 stainless steel and held styrene monomer, a derivative of benzene. The cracks were subsequently welded over with 308 stainless steel filler wire and the base plate was replaced with new material. Soon after, the tank began leaking along the weld bead, triggering a full-scale investigation; spectroscopy, optical and scanning electron microscopy, fractography, SEM-EDS analysis, and microhardness, tensile, and impact testing. The results revealed transgranular cracks in the HAZ and base plate, likely initiated by stresses developed during welding and the presence of chloride from seawater used in the plant. It was also found that the repair weld was improperly done, nor did it include a postweld heat treatment to remove weld sensitization and minimize residual stresses.
Metallurgical Investigation of Failed Locked Coil Track Ropes Used in a Mining Conveyor
Authors: Dhua S.K. , Singh C.D. , Ray Amitava
Published: January 2020

A locked coil track rope (LCTR) is essentially composed of wires (round and rail-shaped) laid helically in different layers. These wire ropes are sometimes used in conveyors carrying empty and loaded buckets in mining areas. During service, such wire ropes may fail prematurely due to disintegration/failure of individual groups of wires. To understand the genesis of LCTR wire failures, a detailed metallurgical investigation of failed rope wires was made and included visual examination, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Two types of failed wires were investigated; one is from a 40 mm diameter locked coil track rope and the other from a 53 mm locked coil track rope. Optical microscopy of failed round wires in the 53 mm diameter rope clearly revealed fully decarburized layers at the surface and a few grain-boundary cracks. From the location of the failure, it was clear that apart from static tensile loads, the wire ropes had been subjected to bending and unbending loads near the saddle, as fully loaded or empty buckets traveled access the conveyor. The SEM studies confirmed that the fracture had been caused by initiation of fatigue cracks in the decarburized zone under conditions of repeated bending and unbending stresses superimposed on the static tensile load.
Failure Analysis of an Aqua Tubular Boiler Tube
Authors: Barbosa Cassio , de Barros Simone Kessler , de Cerqueira Abud Ibrahim , do Nascimento Joneo Lopes , de Carvalho Sheyla Santana
Published: January 2020

A pipe in the lateral wall of a boiler powering an aircraft carrier flat-top boat failed during a test at sea. The pipe was made from ASTM 192 steel, an adequate material for the application. Microstructural analysis along with equipment operating records provided valuable insight into what caused the pipe to rupture. Although the pipe had been replaced just 50 h before the accident, the analysis revealed incrustations and corrosion pits on the inner walls and oxidation on the outer walls. Microstructural changes were also observed, indicating that the steel was exposed to high temperatures. The combined effect of pitting, incrustations, and phase transformations caused the pipe to rupture.
Failure Analysis of NiTi Wires Used in Medical Applications
Authors: James B. , Foulds J. , Eiselstein L.
Published: January 2020

Superelastic nitinol wires that fractured under various conditions were examined under a scanning electron microscope in order to characterize the fracture surfaces, produce reference data, and compare the findings with prior published work. The study revealed that nitinol fracture modes and morphologies are generally consistent with those of ductile metals, such as austenitic stainless steel, with one exception: Nitinol exhibits a unique damage mechanism under high bending strain, where damage occurs at the compression side of tight bends or kinks while the tensile side is unaffected. The damage begins as slip line formation due to plastic deformation, which progresses to cracking at high strain levels. The cracks appear to initiate from slip lines and extend in shear (mode II) manner.
Analysis and Subsequent Testing of Cracked Brass Connector Housings
Authors: Mueller Tim , Burns Neil
Published: January 2020

Coaxial cable connectors made of brass were failing at a high rate after less than one year of service in an outdoor industrial environonment. The observed failures, which consisted of cracks in the body and end cap, were analyzed and found to be brittle fractures due to stress-corrosion cracking. Two common stress-corrosion cracking tests for copper materials were conducted on new connectors from the same manufacturing lot, confirming the initial determination of the fracture mode. Additional testing as was done in the investigation is often helpful when analyzing corrosion failures.
Analysis of Critical Stress for Subsurface Rolling Contact Fatigue Damage Assessment Under Roll/Slide Contact
Authors: Qin Xiao-feng , Sun Da-le , Xie Li-yang
Published: January 2020

Rolling contact fatigue is responsible for a large number of industrial equipment failures. It is also one of the main failure modes of components subjected to rolling contact loading such as bearings, cams, and gears. To better understand such failures, an investigation was conducted to assess the role of friction in subsurface fatigue cracking in rolling-sliding contact applications. Based on the results of stress calculations and x-ray diffraction testing of steel samples, friction contributes to subsurface damage primary through its effect on the distribution of orthogonal shear stress. Although friction influences other stress components, the effect is relatively insignificant by comparison. It is thus more appropriate to select orthogonal shear stress as the critical stress when assessing subsurface rolling contact fatigue in rolling-sliding systems.
Failure Analysis of T12 Boiler Re-Heater Tubes During Short-Term Service
Authors: Hu Zheng-Fei , He Da-Hai , Wu Xi-Mao
Published: January 2020

The failure of T12 reheater tubes that had been in service for only 3000 h was investigated. The thickness of the tubes was visibly reduced by heavy oxidation corrosion on the inner and outer walls. The original pearlite substrate completely decomposed. Uniform oxide scale observed on the inner wall showed obvious vapor oxidation corrosion characteristics. Corrosion originated in the grain boundary, and selective oxidation occurred due to ion diffusion in the substrate. The layered oxide scale on the inner wall is related to the different diffusion rates for different cations. Exposure to high temperature corrosive flux accelerated the corrosion on the outer wall. Microstructure degradation and the corrosion characteristics observed indicate that the tubes failed primarily because of overheating, which is confirmed by calculations.
Failure Analysis of HAZ Cracking in Low C-CrMoV Steel Weldment
Authors: Naz Nausheen , Tariq Fawad , Baloch Rasheed Ahmed
Published: January 2020

This case study describes the failure analysis of a steel nozzle in which cracking was observed after a circumferential welding process. The nozzle assembly was made from low-carbon CrMoV alloy steel that was subsequently single-pass butt welded using gas tungsten arc welding. Although no cracks were found when the welds were visually inspected, X-ray radiography showed small discontinuous surface cracks adjacent to the weld bead in the heat affected zone. Further investigation, including optical microscopy, microhardness testing, and residual stress measurements, revealed that the cracks were caused primarily by the presence of coarse untempered martensite in the heat affected zone due to localized heating. The localized heating was caused by high welding heat input or low welding speed and resulted in high transformation stresses. These transformation stresses, working in combination with thermal stresses and constraint conditions, resulted in intergranular brittle fracture.
Analysis of Degradation and Failure Mechanisms that Develop in Hot Forging Die
Authors: Njeh Fayçal , Kchaou Mohamed , Elleuch Riadh , El Halouani Foued
Published: January 2020

A forging die in a 250-ton press producing brass valves began to show signs of fatigue after a few thousand hits. By the time it reached 30,000 hits, the die was badly damaged and was submitted for analysis along with one of the last forgings produced. The investigation included visual and macroscopic inspection, metallographic and chemical analysis, SEM imaging, optical profilometry, mechanical property testing, and EDX analysis. The die was made of chromium hot-work tool steel and the forgings were made of CuZn39Pb3 heated to an initial working temperature 700 deg C. The entire surface of the die was covered with fatigue cracks and many fillets had been plastically deformed. Several other types of damage were also observed, including areas of oxidation, corrosion pits, voids, abrasive wear, die adhesion, and thermal fatigue. Fatigue cracking was the primary cause of failure with significant contributions from the other damage mechanisms.
At-Ta’reef wal Irshaad bi ‘Aqaa-id Ahlus-Sunnah
Authors: Toure Sekou
Published: January 2020

Most of the books of Islamic Creed found in Islamic heritage are characterized by their presentation of theology from the perspective of a particular sect out of the major Islamic sects. This methodology has given rise to serious and detrimental problems that affect the ummah (Muslim nation) up until this day, and from it stems the issues that divide the ummah. It is thus apparent that it is incapable of presenting the issues of theology from the perspective of that unites the Muslims. It is true that this methodology had been sound at one point during which it had to be applied; it had been the means of expression in dialogues and the way to answer questions related to pertinent matters of the time, as well as to address urgent new issues at that particular time. However, the goal of teaching Islamic Creed in this time of ours academically in specific is not based upon the instabilities and issues that it had once driven it. Hence, it is necessary to change the approach, methodology, and discourse to suit the change in impetus to and the goal of authoring such books, as well as the change in the general way of living of the people and their way of thinking. It is also worth noting that the universal moral principles associated with such changes do not necessarily contradict religion. This review undertakes a new book attempting to respond to a challenge resulted out of the classical discourses and arguments in presenting Islamic worldviews, and hence the reality of so-called Ahl Sunnah Wal Jama’ah
GUEST-TECHNOLOGY AS MEANS OF ACTIVATION COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors:   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, POPOVA O. , POPOVA L. ,   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет
Published: January 2020

In the article the problem of the use of quest-technology on the lessons of literary educational industry at initial school with the aim of activation of cognitive activity of students is examined. A concept "quest”, essence of this technology, primary purposes, opens up, educational effects from application on the lessons of Ukrainian and literary reading; presented structure of realization of quest; efficiency of the use is grounded in an educational process. As a conclusion, quest -technology will assist creation of variety forms of educational process at modern initial school, will create terms for productive cognitive activity of every bread-winner of education taking into account interests and capabilities; will explain and activate all spheres of development of personality, form ability to study, and help a modern teacher to step back from the usual stereotypes of organization of lesson. Among advantages of application of quest there is that he will provide the rational informative filling, combination of collective work of class from educational process at modern initial school, will create terms for productive cognitive activity of every bread-winner of education taking into account interests and capabilities; will explain and activate all spheres of development of personality, form ability to study, and help a modern teacher to step back from the usual stereotypes of organization of lesson. Among advantages of application of quest there is that he will provide the rational informative filling, combination of collective work of class with individual activity of students. Key words: playing technologies, quest-technology, junior schoolchildren, cognitive activity
CONTENT AND STRUCTURE OF FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS’ SCIENCE COMPETENCE
Authors:   Національний педагогічний університет ім. М. П. Драгоманова, BILYK V.
Published: January 2020

It was emphasized that the prerequisites for determining the structure of future psychologists’ science competence were: a definitive analysis of the concept of “future psychologists’ science competence” and theoretical analysis of literary sources on the structuring science competence of specialists in different fields. It is stated that the main characteristic future psychologists’ science competence is the integrative quality of the personality of the psychology student, which provides an increase in the level of cultural and professional competence, provides the possibility of qualitative fulfillment of professional duties and is the result of science preparation. The lack of consensus between scientists on the problem of structuring the future specialists’ science competence is pointed out. It is stated that the structures of science competences, which are formed at different educational levels and under different conditions, differ both in number of components and by their name. The purpose of the article is formulated, which is to determine the structure of science competence of future psychologists. The objectives of the study are outlined, in particular: to justify the structural components of this competence. It is stated that one of the important stages of scientific research is the choice of methods of its implementation. It was noted that the choice of research methods first of all evaluated the degree of their need, objectivity, reliability and validity. Methods of research are specified, namely: analysis of scientific and scientific-methodical literature, comparative analysis, comparison and generalization. It was emphasized that the structure of science competence of future psychologists, which is formed in the course of science preparation in higher education institutions, was built on the basis of the results of the conducted research and own experience of teaching activity. The expediency of isolation of motivational-value, cognitive-content, operational-activity, emotional-volitional and reflexive components in the structure of the studied competence is substantiated. It is stated that the presented study provides the need to characterize the criteria, indicators and levels of future psychologists’ science competence formation in higher education institutions, which will become a prospect for further scientific exploration. Key words: structure, science competence, future psychologists.
UNITY OF THE FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED COMPONENTS OF THE CONTENT OF THE GENERAL PHYSICS COURSE AS A NECESSARY FOR THE FORMATION OF THE MAYBUZITAL PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE
Authors:   Національний педагогічний університет  імені М.П. Драгоманова, VASYLENKO S.
Published: January 2020

The article emphasizes the need to combine the fundamental and applied components of the content of the General Physics course in the training of future physics teachers. It is emphasized that the modern stage of scientific and technical development of society places high demands on the intellectual potential of future teachers of physics, to possess their methodology of scientific research. It is established that the content of the discipline "General Physics" should reflect the current state of development and achievements of science, and students should have the latest methods of research, orientation skills in the flow of scientific information and use it to perform the tasks of professional activity. It is noted that in this context special attention deserves such field of physics as nanophysics. It is shown that a deeper acquaintance of students with the questions of nanophysics opens opportunities for modern interpretation of the material learned in the previous stages of study, to understand its real applied value in relation to the possibilities of their use in practice. The problems that arise during the formation of knowledge in the field of modern achievements in nanophysics in the future teachers of physics, among which the main problem is to ensure the unity of the fundamental and applied components of the content of the course of general physics. It is emphasized that scientific and methodological literature should be developed in order to popularize knowledge about the current state of nanotechnology development and research into the properties of nano-objects. Methodical approaches to acquaint future physics teachers with modern achievements of nanotechnologies and their use in various fields of science and technology are proposed. It is shown that the integration of nanotechnology into the general physics course helps students to understand the applied aspects of modern science and provides a scientific outlook, which contributes to the formation of a high level of professional competence of the future physics teacher. Key words: fundamental and applied components of the content of general physics course, future teachers of physics, nanophysics, nanotechnology.
ESSAY AS A TOOL FOR MASTERING THE CATEGORICAL AND TERMINOLOGICAL BASE OF SOCIOLOGY BY STUDENTS OF SPECIALTY “SOCIAL WORK”
Authors:   Приазовський державний технічний університет, SUROVTSEVA I.
Published: January 2020

The article is aimed at updating the teaching of sociology for students of specialty “Social work”. Possibilities of the analysis of student essays in mastering the categorical-terminological base of theoretical sociology from the module “Social stratification” are revealed. As social work is aimed at solving difficult life circumstances caused by the negative consequences of inequality, the use of non-traditional reception of “social problems in the mirror of literature, art, cinema”, contributes to the training of competent and effective professionals committed to poverty reduction, discrimination and suppression. Keywords: methods of teaching sociology, student essays, non-traditional pedagogical techniques, social inequality, social stratification.
DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS' PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE WITHIN EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors:   Мелітопольський державний педагогічний університет імені Богдана Хмельницького, TARASOVA V.
Published: January 2020

Socio-political and socio-economic changes that are taking place at the present stage of development of Ukraine, predetermine the strengthening of attention to the systematic development of teachers' professional competence. The change in the educational paradigm, that takes place in Ukraine, requires a revision of the approaches of professional training and retraining of teachers. The old slogan concerning the teacher as a leading figure of the educational process has disappeared from the arena, giving way to the idea of the XXI century, which proves that the teacher is "a carrier of educational and social changes". The high requirements imposed by the state to the level of professional competence of the teacher of a new formation – personality that capable of self-improvement, self-development and creativity are constantly being improved and increased. Teachers are encouraged to systematic advanced training, the search for new, alternative directions of professional training and constant development of professional competence. Key words: competence, competency, professional competence, professional competence of a young teacher, management of professional competence development, formation and development of the teacher, advanced training.