bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Lithium-Ion Battery Performance: Integrating Machine Learning and Explainable AI for Enhanced Energy Management
Authors: Oyucu Saadin , Ersöz Betül , Sağıroğlu Şeref , Aksöz Ahmet , Biçer Emre
Published: June 2024

Managing the capacity of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) accurately, particularly in large-scale applications, enhances the cost-effectiveness of energy storage systems. Less frequent replacement or maintenance of LiBs results in cost savings in the long term. Therefore, in this study, AdaBoost, gradient boosting, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and ensemble learning models were employed to predict the discharge capacity of LiBs. The prediction performances of each model were compared based on mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), and R-squared values. The research findings reveal that the LightGBM model exhibited the lowest MAE (0.103) and MSE (0.019) values and the highest R-squared (0.887) value, thus demonstrating the strongest correlation in predictions. Gradient boosting and XGBoost models showed similar performance levels but ranked just below LightGBM. The competitive performance of the ensemble model indicates that combining multiple models could lead to an overall performance improvement. Furthermore, the study incorporates an analysis of key features affecting model predictions using SHAP (Shapley additive explanations) values within the framework of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). This analysis evaluates the impact of features such as temperature, cycle index, voltage, and current on predictions, revealing a significant effect of temperature on discharge capacity. The results of this study emphasize the potential of machine learning models in LiB management within the XAI framework and demonstrate how these technologies could play a strategic role in optimizing energy storage systems.
Carbon Neutralization in Sustainable Port and Shipping
Authors: Xiao Guangnian , Xu Lang , Shu Yaqing , Liu Guangfu
Published: June 2024

Amid the global concerted efforts towards achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality as swiftly as possible, the port and shipping industry is adopting novel paradigms of development [...]
Towards Sustainable Internet Service Provision: Analyzing Consumer Preferences through a Hybrid TOPSIS–SEM–Neural Network Framework
Authors: Saflor Charmine Sheena , Mariñas Klint Allen , Alvarado Princess , Baleña Anelyn , Tanglao Monica Shane , Prasetyo Yogi Tri , Tangsoc Jazmin , Bernardo Ezekiel
Published: June 2024

In our increasingly digital world, grasping consumer preferences for internet service providers (ISPs) is paramount. This study was conducted in Occidental Mindoro, Luzon, the Philippines, and surveyed 280 respondents across ten municipalities with 81 in-person and online questionnaires. The research focused on twelve latent variables: internet speed, assurance, tangibility, responsiveness, reliability, empathy, data privacy, service quality, value-added services, price, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. Methods such as Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were integrated for the analysis. The study utilized TOPSIS to rank ISPs based on Service Quality (SERVQUAL) parameters, followed by SEM to delve into variable connections affecting preferences, and through as ANN, consumer behavior and loyalty were predicted. The SEM–ANN results revealed that assurance, responsiveness, empathy, and data privacy directly impacted service quality. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between customer satisfaction and service quality, influencing further customer loyalty alongside pricing. By integrating these methodologies, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of ISP preferences and emphasizes service quality as the most significant factor in industry decision-making.
Estimation of Pointing Errors of Large Radio Telescopes under Solar Radiation Based on Digital Twin
Authors: Wei Shanxiang , Kong Deqing , Wang Binlan , Fu Lianbo , Xiao Wenrong , Yin Zongming , Li Yongxiang , Xiao Zhouzhou
Published: June 2024

The pointing accuracy of large radio telescopes is affected by antenna structure errors, installation errors, servo errors, gravity, and varying environmental factors. Although an on-line pointing model had been developed in the past for several large radio telescopes to correct these effects, it is also valuable to explore new ways to correct these effects. Therefore, in order to estimate the dynamic pointing error of large radio telescopes under solar radiation, a new way based on digital twin (DT) is used in this paper. Digital models of the Wuqing 70-m radio telescope (WRT70) are created based on the DT operational framework. Finally, the reliability of the WRT70’s DT system is verified, and the dynamic pointing error of WRT70 (staying at the position of the elevation angle of 90° and the azimuth angle of 180°) on two sunny days in different seasons is estimated by the created DT system. The research results show that the pointing error of large radio telescopes under solar radiation fluctuates greatly and the seasonal differences are very striking. The maximum elevation pointing error of WRT70 under solar radiation around the winter solstice is over 40 arcsec, which is equal to 4/11 of the beam width for WRT70 operating at 8 GHz. In this paper, it is feasible to estimate the time-varying pointing errors of large radio telescopes at rest under solar radiation by constructing a DT system, but it is not effective to estimate the dynamic pointing errors of large radio telescopes in operation. It is expected to establish a dynamic pointing error model and calibrate the dynamic pointing errors of large radio telescopes in operation by DT technology in the future.
Advancing Sustainable Urban Development: Navigating Complexity with Spherical Fuzzy Decision Making
Authors: Anjum Mohd , Min Hong , Sharma Gaurav , Ahmed Zubair
Published: June 2024

This study explores the complexities of urban planning and addresses major issues by carefully weighing four options for smart city technology, community-based development, green infrastructure investment, and transit-oriented development. Unlike traditional evaluations, our study applies the novel SWARA-WASPAS model to spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs), thus identifying and navigating the uncertainty present in decision making. This methodological approach improves the accuracy of our assessment by providing detailed information about the advantages and disadvantages of each option. Our study offers useful insights for urban policymakers and planners using carefully weighted criteria and employing a methodical ranking procedure. The aim is to provide insights for decisions that promote equity, environmental consciousness, resilience, and symmetry in urban environments. The application of the SWARA-WASPAS approach not only advances the field but also provides a strong basis for informed decision making. This improves the accuracy of our evaluations and provides detailed insights into each option’s pros and cons. Our study uses weighted criteria and systematic ranking to advise urban policymakers and planners. Our main goal is to help urban populations make resilient, environmentally responsible, equitable, and symmetrical decisions. Our research aims to further the conversation on sustainable urban development by offering a framework based on data that addresses the difficulties associated with dynamic urban environments. In the end, we want our humanized viewpoint to speak to a wider audience and inspire a shared dedication to creating cities that flourish in the face of changing urban environments.
Solitons of η-Ricci–Bourguignon Type on Submanifolds in (LCS)m Manifolds
Authors: Yan Lixu , Vandana  , Siddiqui Aliya Naaz , Yoldas Halil Ibrahim , Li Yanlin
Published: June 2024

In this research article, we concentrate on the exploration of submanifolds in an (LCS)m-manifold B˜. We examine these submanifolds in the context of two distinct vector fields, namely, the characteristic vector field and the concurrent vector field. Initially, we consider some classifications of η-Ricci–Bourguignon (in short, η-RB) solitons on both invariant and anti-invariant submanifolds of B˜ employing the characteristic vector field. We establish several significant findings through this process. Furthermore, we investigate additional results by using η-RB solitons on invariant submanifolds of B˜ with concurrent vector fields, and discuss a supporting example.
Power Transformer On-Load Capacity-Regulating Control and Optimization Based on Load Forecasting and Hesitant Fuzzy Control
Authors: Zou Dexu , Sun Xinyu , Quan Hao , Yin Jianhua , Peng Qingjun , Wang Shan , Dai Weiju , Hong Zhihu
Published: June 2024

The operational stability of a power transformer exerts an extremely important impact on the power symmetry, balance, and security of power systems. When the grid load fluctuates greatly, if the load factor of the transformer cannot be maintained within a reasonable range, it leads to increased instability in grid operation. Adjusting the transformer capacity based on load changes is of great significance. The existing control methods for on-load capacity-regulating (OLCR) transformers have low timeliness, and the daily switching frequency of the capacity-regulating switch is not controlled. To ensure the safe and stable operation of transformers, this paper proposes a control method for OLCR transformers based on load prediction and fuzzy control. Firstly, the operating principle of OLCR transformers is analyzed, and a multi-strategy enhanced dung beetle optimizer (MSDBO) combined with a CNN−LSTM model is proposed for load forecasting. On this basis, the daily switching frequency of the capacity-regulating transformer is introduced, and hesitant fuzzy control is used to select the optimal capacity-regulating strategy relying on three factors: loss, economy, and switching frequency. Finally, simulation models are constructed using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform and simulation analysis is conducted to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control method. For the three scenarios in this paper, the method reduces daily power loss by 28.5% to 56.3% and daily operating costs by 25.4% to 50.8%. The method used in this paper can sacrifice 3.5% to 9.2% of the loss reduction capability in exchange for reducing the number of switch operations by 28.6% to 57.1%, significantly extending the lifespan of the switches and thereby increasing the operational lifespan of the transformer.
Effective Video Summarization Using Channel Attention-Assisted Encoder–Decoder Framework
Authors: Alharbi Faisal , Habib Shabana , Albattah Waleed , Jan Zahoor , Alanazi Meshari D. , Islam Muhammad
Published: June 2024

A significant number of cameras regularly generate massive amounts of data, demanding hardware, time, and labor resources to acquire, process, and monitor. Asymmetric frames within videos pose a challenge to automatic summarization of videos, making it challenging to capture key content. Developments in computer vision have accelerated the seamless capture and analysis of high-resolution video content. Video summarization (VS) has garnered considerable interest due to its ability to provide concise summaries of lengthy videos. The current literature mainly relies on a reduced set of representative features implemented using shallow sequential networks. Therefore, this work utilizes an optimal feature-assisted visual intelligence framework for representative feature selection and summarization. Initially, the empirical analysis of several features is performed, and ultimately, we adopt a fine-tuning InceptionV3 backbone for feature extraction, deviating from conventional approaches. Secondly, our strategic encoder–decoder module captures complex relationships with five convolutional blocks and two convolution transpose blocks. Thirdly, we introduced a channel attention mechanism, illuminating interrelations between channels and prioritizing essential patterns to grasp complex refinement features for final summary generation. Additionally, comprehensive experiments and ablation studies validate our framework’s exceptional performance, consistently surpassing state-of-the-art networks on two benchmarks (TVSum and SumMe) datasets.
Symmetry-Enhanced Fuzzy Logic Analysis in Parallel and Cross-Road Scenarios: Optimizing Direction and Distance Weights for Map Matching
Authors: Zhou Weicheng , Ge Huilin , Ashraf Muhammad Awais
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the challenges of setting segmentation points in the membership function and determining appropriate weights for different types of information within a fuzzy logic algorithm for map matching. We use linear fitting to derive an empirical formula for setting segmentation points for the information membership function. Furthermore, we evaluate the effects of various weights for direction and distance information in parallel and cross-road scenarios. The research identified the optimal distance that achieves the highest matching accuracy and provided insights into how the weights of connection, direction, and distance information affect this accuracy. The simulations confirmed the critical importance of precise segmentation point settings and weight determinations in enhancing the accuracy of fuzzy logic algorithms for map matching. The results underscore the potency of our tailored parameter-setting strategy and contribute to knowledge of symmetry, offering practical insights for implementing fuzzy logic in map matching with a particular emphasis on the principle of symmetry in algorithm design and information processing.
Several Symmetric Identities of the Generalized Degenerate Fubini Polynomials by the Fermionic p-Adic Integral on Zp
Authors: Alatawi Maryam Salem , Khan Waseem Ahmad , Duran Ugur
Published: June 2024

After constructions of p-adic q-integrals, in recent years, these integrals with some of their special cases have not only been utilized as integral representations of many special numbers, polynomials, and functions but have also given the chance for deep analysis of many families of special polynomials and numbers, such as Bernoulli, Fubini, Bell, and Changhee polynomials and numbers. One of the main applications of these integrals is to obtain symmetric identities for the special polynomials. In this study, we focus on a novel extension of the degenerate Fubini polynomials and on obtaining some symmetric identities for them. First, we introduce the two-variable degenerate w-torsion Fubini polynomials by means of their exponential generating function. Then, we provide a fermionic p-adic integral representation of these polynomials. By this representation, we derive some new symmetric identities for these polynomials, using some special p-adic integral techniques. Lastly, by using some series manipulation techniques, we obtain more identities of symmetry for the two variable degenerate w-torsion Fubini polynomials.
Advanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Cytarabine from Pharmaceutical Wastewaters
Authors: Berbentea Alexandra , Ciopec Mihaela , Duteanu Narcis , Negrea Adina , Negrea Petru , Nemeş Nicoleta Sorina , Pascu Bogdan , Svera (m. Ianasi) Paula , Ianăşi Cătălin , Duda Seiman Daniel Marius , Muntean Delia , Boeriu Estera
Published: June 2024

The need to develop advanced wastewater treatment techniques and their use has become a priority, the main goal being the efficient removal of pollutants, especially those of organic origin. This study presents the photo-degradation of a pharmaceutical wastewater containing Kabi cytarabine, using ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and a synthesized catalyst, a composite based on bismuth and iron oxides (BFO). The size of the bandgap was determined by UV spectroscopy, having a value of 2.27 eV. The specific surface was determined using the BET method, having a value of 0.7 m2 g−1. The material studied for the photo-degradation of cytarabine presents a remarkable photo-degradation efficiency of 97.9% for an initial concentration 0f 10 mg/L cytarabine Kabi when 0.15 g of material was used, during 120 min of interaction with UV radiation at 3 cm from the irradiation source. The material withstands five photo-degradation cycles with good results. At the same time, through this study, it was possible to establish that pyrimidine derivatives could be able to combat infections caused by Escherichia coli and Candida parapsilosis.
Role of Diagnostic Nerve Blocks in the Goal-Oriented Treatment of Spasticity with Botulinum Toxin Type A: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Filippetti Mirko , Tamburin Stefano , Di Censo Rita , Adamo Martina , Manera Elisa , Ingrà Jessica , Mantovani Elisa , Facciorusso Salvatore , Battaglia Marco , Baricich Alessio , Santamato Andrea , Smania Nicola , Picelli Alessandro
Published: June 2024

The goal-setting process is pivotal in managing patients with disabling spasticity. This case–control study assessed the role of diagnostic nerve blocks in guiding the goal-setting process within goal-targeted treatment of spasticity with botulinum neurotoxin-A. In this case–control study, patients with disabling spasticity underwent either a goal-setting process based on the patient’s needs and clinical evaluation (control group) or additional diagnostic nerve block procedures (case group). All enrolled patients underwent a focal treatment with botulinum neurotoxin-A injection and a 1-month follow-up evaluation during which goal achievement was quantified using the goal attainment scaling-light score system. Data showed a higher goal achievement rate in the case group (70%) than in the control group (40%). In conclusion, diagnostic nerve blocks may help guide the goal-setting process within goal-targeted treatment of spasticity with botulinum neurotoxin-A towards more realistic and achievable goals, thereby improving the outcomes of botulinum neurotoxin-A injection. Future studies should better explore the role of diagnostic nerve blocks to further personalize botulinum neurotoxin-A according to individual patients’ preferences and requirements.
Fungal Keratitis, Epidemiology and Outcomes in a Tropical Australian Setting
Authors: Kim Leah N. , Karthik Hema , Proudmore Kate Elizabeth , Kidd Sarah Elizabeth , Baird Robert William
Published: June 2024

Background: Fungal keratitis is an ophthalmic emergency that can cause visual impairment and blindness. We reviewed the epidemiology and clinical features of fungal keratitis in a tropical Australian setting. Objectives: To document the clinical and microbiological characteristics of fungal keratitis in an Australian tropical setting. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with fungal keratitis from October 2014 to December 2022 was conducted at Royal Darwin Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia. We reviewed all patients with culture-proven fungal keratitis and their outcomes. Results: There were 31 patients identified. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) patients were of a significantly younger median age (28 years) compared to non-ATSI patients (42 years), and they also presented later to health care. Contact lens use and ocular trauma were the most common predisposing factors. Most patients presented with a corneal infiltrate and corneal epithelial defect, and the central visual axis was affected in 54% of patients. Curvularia spp. and Fusarium spp. were the commonest causative fungi (39% and 30% respectively). Conclusions: Our series is different and reveals a wider range of fungal species identified over the 7 years of the study, in particular, a range of Curvularia spp. were detected. Access to eye health services in rural and remote settings is important, particularly for ATSI patients, as morbidity remains high.
New Parametrization of the Dark-Energy Equation of State with a Single Parameter
Authors: Singh Jainendra Kumar , Singh Preeti , Saridakis Emmanuel N. , Myrzakul Shynaray , Balhara Harshna
Published: June 2024

We propose a novel dark-energy equation-of-state parametrization, with a single parameter η that quantifies the deviation from ΛCDM cosmology. We first confront the scenario with various datasets, from the Hubble function (OHD), Pantheon, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and their joint observations, and we show that η has a preference for a non-zero value, namely, a deviation from ΛCDM cosmology is favored, although the zero value is marginally inside the 1σ confidence level. However, we find that the present Hubble function value acquires a higher value, namely, H0=66.624−0.013+0.011 Km s−1 Mpc−1, which implies that the H0 tension can be partially alleviated. Additionally, we perform a cosmographic analysis, showing that the universe transits from deceleration to acceleration in the recent cosmological past; nevertheless, in the future, it will not result in a de Sitter phase since it exhibits a second transition from acceleration to deceleration. Finally, we perform the statefinder analysis. The scenario behaves similarly to the ΛCDM paradigm at high redshifts, while the deviation becomes significant at late and recent times and especially in the future.
Neutrino Masses and Right-Handed Weak Currents Studied by Neutrino-Less ββ-Decay Detectors
Authors: Umehara Saori , Ejiri Hiroyasu
Published: June 2024

Detecting neutrino-less double beta (0νββ) decay with high-sensitivity 0νββ detectors is of current interest for studying the Majorana neutrino’s nature, the neutrino mass (ν-mass), right-handed weak currents (RHCs), and others beyond the Standard Model. Many experimental groups have studied 0νββ decay with ν-mass sensitivities on the order of 100 meV and RHC sensitivities on the order of 10 −9–10 −6, but no clear 0νββ signals have been observed so far in these ν-mass and RHC regions. Thus, several experimental groups are developing higher-sensitivity detectors to explore a smaller ν-mass region around 15–50 meV, which corresponds to the inverted hierarchy ν-mass, and smaller RHC regions on the order of 10 −10–10 −7 in the near future. Nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) for ν-mass and RHC processes are crucial for extracting the ν-mass and RHCs of particle physics interest from 0νββ experiments. This report briefly reviews detector sensitivities and upper limits on the ν-mass and right-handed currents for several current 0νββ detectors and the ν-mass and RHC sensitivities expected for some near-future ones.
IAVCP (Influenza A Virus Consensus and Phylogeny): Automatic Identification of the Genomic Sequence of the Influenza A Virus from High-Throughput Sequencing Data
Authors: Paremskaia Anastasiia Iu. , Volchkov Pavel Yu. , Deviatkin Andrei A.
Published: June 2024

Recently, high-throughput sequencing of influenza A viruses has become a routine test. It should be noted that the extremely high diversity of the influenza A virus complicates the task of determining the sequences of all eight genome segments. For a fast and accurate analysis, it is necessary to select the most suitable reference for each segment. At the same time, there is no standardized method in the field of decoding sequencing results that allows the user to update the sequence databases to which the reads obtained by virus sequencing are compared. The IAVCP (influenza A virus consensus and phylogeny) was developed with the goal of automatically analyzing high-throughput sequencing data of influenza A viruses. Its goals include the extraction of a consensus genome directly from paired raw reads. In addition, the pipeline enables the identification of potential reassortment events in the evolutionary history of the virus of interest by analyzing the topological structure of phylogenetic trees that are automatically reconstructed.
First Broad-Range Serological Survey of Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever among Hungarian Livestock
Authors: Deézsi-Magyar Nóra , Dénes Béla , Novák Bereniké , Zsidei Gyula , Déri Dániel , Henczkó Judit , Pályi Bernadett , Kis Zoltán
Published: June 2024

(1) Background: Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an emerging tick-borne disease endemic in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the Balkan and Mediterranean regions of Europe. Although no human CCHF cases have been reported, based on vector presence, serological evidence among small vertebrates, and the general human population, Hungary lies within high evidence consensus for potential CCHF introduction and future human infection. Thus, the aim of our pilot serosurvey was to assess CCHF seropositivity among cattle and sheep as indicator animals for virus circulation in the country. (2) Methods: In total, 1905 serum samples taken from free-range cattle and sheep in 2017 were tested for the presence of anti-CCHF virus IgG antibodies using commercial ELISA and commercial and in-house immunofluorescent assays. (3) Results: We found a total of eleven reactive samples (0.58%) from five administrative districts of Hungary comprising 8 cattle and 3 sheep. The most affected regions were the south–central and northwestern parts of the country. (4) Conclusions: Based on these results, more extended surveillance is advised, especially in the affected areas, and there should be greater awareness among clinicians and other high-risk populations of the emerging threat of CCHF in Hungary and Central Europe.
Exploring Cannabinoids as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease: Insights from Computational Analysis and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Holmes Jamie , Islam Shahidul M. , Milligan Kimberly A.
Published: June 2024

The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has triggered a global COVID-19 pandemic, challenging healthcare systems worldwide. Effective therapeutic strategies against this novel coronavirus remain limited, underscoring the urgent need for innovative approaches. The present research investigates the potential of cannabis compounds as therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2 through their interaction with the virus’s papain-like protease (PLpro) protein, a crucial element in viral replication and immune evasion. Computational methods, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, were employed to screen cannabis compounds against PLpro and analyze their binding mechanisms and interaction patterns. The results showed cannabinoids with binding affinities ranging from −6.1 kcal/mol to −4.6 kcal/mol, forming interactions with PLpro. Notably, Cannabigerolic and Cannabidiolic acids exhibited strong binding contacts with critical residues in PLpro’s active region, indicating their potential as viral replication inhibitors. MD simulations revealed the dynamic behavior of cannabinoid–PLpro complexes, highlighting stable binding conformations and conformational changes over time. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying cannabis interaction with SARS-CoV-2 PLpro, aiding in the rational design of antiviral therapies. Future research will focus on experimental validation, optimizing binding affinity and selectivity, and preclinical assessments to develop effective treatments against COVID-19.
Mastering Death: The Roles of Viral Bcl-2 in dsDNA Viruses
Authors: Suraweera Chathura D. , Espinoza Benjamin , Hinds Mark G. , Kvansakul Marc
Published: June 2024

Proteins of the Bcl-2 family regulate cellular fate via multiple mechanisms including apoptosis, autophagy, senescence, metabolism, inflammation, redox homeostasis, and calcium flux. There are several regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, including apoptosis and autophagy, that use distinct molecular mechanisms to elicit the death response. However, the same proteins/genes may be deployed in multiple biochemical pathways. In apoptosis, Bcl-2 proteins control the integrity of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) by regulating the formation of pores in the MOM and apoptotic cell death. A number of prosurvival genes populate the genomes of viruses including those of the pro-survival Bcl-2 family. Viral Bcl-2 proteins are sequence and structural homologs of their cellular counterparts and interact with cellular proteins in apoptotic and autophagic pathways, potentially allowing them to modulate these pathways and determine cellular fate.
Molecular Markers and Mechanisms of Influenza A Virus Cross-Species Transmission and New Host Adaptation
Authors: Guo Xinyi , Zhou Yang , Yan Huijun , An Qing , Liang Chudan , Liu Linna , Qian Jun
Published: June 2024

Influenza A viruses continue to be a serious health risk to people and result in a large-scale socio-economic loss. Avian influenza viruses typically do not replicate efficiently in mammals, but through the accumulation of mutations or genetic reassortment, they can overcome interspecies barriers, adapt to new hosts, and spread among them. Zoonotic influenza A viruses sporadically infect humans and exhibit limited human-to-human transmission. However, further adaptation of these viruses to humans may result in airborne transmissible viruses with pandemic potential. Therefore, we are beginning to understand genetic changes and mechanisms that may influence interspecific adaptation, cross-species transmission, and the pandemic potential of influenza A viruses. We also discuss the genetic and phenotypic traits associated with the airborne transmission of influenza A viruses in order to provide theoretical guidance for the surveillance of new strains with pandemic potential and the prevention of pandemics.
Dietary Inulin to Improve SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response in Kidney Transplant Recipients: The RIVASTIM-Inulin Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Singer Julian , Tunbridge Matthew J. , Shi Bree , Perkins Griffith B. , Chai Cheng Sheng , Salehi Tania , Sim Beatrice Z. , Kireta Svjetlana , Johnston Julie K. , Akerman Anouschka , Milogiannakis Vanessa , Aggarwal Anupriya , Turville Stuart , Hissaria Pravin , Ying Tracey , Wu Huiling , Grubor-Bauk Branka , Coates P. Toby , Chadban Steven J.
Published: June 2024

Kidney transplant recipients are at an increased risk of hospitalisation and death from SARS-CoV-2 infection, and standard two-dose vaccination schedules are typically inadequate to generate protective immunity. Gut dysbiosis, which is common among kidney transplant recipients and known to effect systemic immunity, may be a contributing factor to a lack of vaccine immunogenicity in this at-risk cohort. The gut microbiota modulates vaccine responses, with the production of immunomodulatory short-chain fatty acids by bacteria such as Bifidobacterium associated with heightened vaccine responses in both observational and experimental studies. As SCFA-producing populations in the gut microbiota are enhanced by diets rich in non-digestible fibre, dietary supplementation with prebiotic fibre emerges as a potential adjuvant strategy to correct dysbiosis and improve vaccine-induced immunity. In a randomised, double-bind, placebo-controlled trial of 72 kidney transplant recipients, we found dietary supplementation with prebiotic inulin for 4 weeks before and after a third SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccine to be feasible, tolerable, and safe. Inulin supplementation resulted in an increase in gut Bifidobacterium, as determined by 16S RNA sequencing, but did not increase in vitro neutralisation of live SARS-CoV-2 virus at 4 weeks following a third vaccination. Dietary fibre supplementation is a feasible strategy with the potential to enhance vaccine-induced immunity and warrants further investigation.
Clinician Communication Training to Increase Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Uptake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chandeying Nutthaporn , Thongseiratch Therdpong
Published: June 2024

The battle against Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers is hindered by suboptimal vaccination rates, despite the proven efficacy and availability of vaccines. This systematic review and meta-analysis addressed this issue by evaluating the impact of clinician communication training on increasing HPV vaccination uptake among adolescents. From an initial pool of 3213 records, six randomized controlled trials involving 245,195 participants across the United States were rigorously selected and analyzed. Our findings indicated that clinician communication training could enhance vaccination uptake rates by an average of 5.2%. Specifically, presumptive communication strategies, which proactively assume a patient’s acceptance of vaccination, achieved a significant 9.1% increase in uptake, markedly outperforming the 2.3% increase observed with more passive conversational techniques. Moreover, interventions that incorporated audit and feedback processes were particularly impactful, boosting vaccination rates by 9.4%. The most striking results emerged from combining presumptive communication with audit and feedback, which propelled the effectiveness to an 11.4% increase in vaccination rates. These outcomes highlight the pivotal role of deliberate, targeted clinician–patient communication in improving health interventions. This study offers actionable insights for healthcare providers and policymakers to refine communication strategies, thus potentially maximizing HPV vaccination rates and mitigating the spread of HPV-related conditions.
Effects of Different Diluents and Freezing Methods on Cryopreservation of Hu Ram Semen
Authors: Zhang Liuming , Wang Xuyang , Jiang Caiyu , Sohail Tariq , Sun Yuxuan , Sun Xiaomei , Wang Jian , Li Yongjun
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different diluents and freezing methods on the quality of thawed sperm after cryopreservation and find an inexpensive and practical method for freezing Hu ram semen for use in inseminations under farm conditions. Ejaculates were collected from five Hu rams. In experiment I, ejaculates were diluted with eight different freezing diluents (basic diluents A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H). After dilution and cooling, the samples were loaded into 0.25 mL straws and frozen using the liquid nitrogen fumigation method. In experiment II, diluent C was used as the basic diluent and the semen was frozen using liquid nitrogen fumigation and two program-controlled cooling methods. For analysis, frozen samples were evaluated in terms of motility parameters (total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM)), biokinetic characteristics (straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), wobble movement coefficient (WOB), average motion degree (MAD)), reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and membrane and acrosome integrity. In experiment I, diluent C had higher TM, PM, and acrosome and membrane integrity and lower ROS compared to other extenders (p < 0.05) except diluent A. Diluent C exhibited higher (p < 0.05) VCL, VAP, ALH, WOB, and MAD compared to diluents B, D, E, and F. In experiment II, TM and all biokinetic characteristics did not show significant differences (p > 0.05) amongst the three freezing methods. Liquid nitrogen fumigation resulted in higher (p < 0.05) PM, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and lower ROS level compared to the program. In conclusion, the thawed semen diluted with diluent C had higher quality compared to other diluents. The liquid nitrogen fumigation demonstrated superior semen cryopreservation effects compared to the program-controlled cooling method using diluent C.
Occurrence and Mitigation of Bacterial Regrowth in Stored Household Water in Eastern Coastal Madagascar
Authors: Judah Lauren A. , Andriambololonirina Cathy , Rakotoarisoa Lova , Barrett Luke John Paul , Khaliq Mahmooda , Mihelcic James R. , Cunningham Jeffrey A.
Published: June 2024

In communities where people lack on-demand, safely managed drinking water, stored household water often becomes contaminated by fecal bacteria, regardless of the source-water quality. The objectives of this paper are to assess and control bacterial contamination in stored household water in Toamasina, a rapidly urbanizing city in eastern coastal Madagascar. We collected samples of source water and stored household water from 10 representative households that use different water sources and different storage strategies, and we analyzed the samples for several fecal indicator bacteria. We also tested three methods that residents of Toamasina could realistically employ for cleaning their household water storage vessels, assessing the effect of the cleaning methods on measured bacterial levels in the water. Consistent with the previous literature, we found that concentrations of total coliforms in stored household water were significantly higher than in the corresponding source water (p < 0.05). In 100% of households that stored their water in 20 L polyethylene jerrycans (n = 4), biofilms on the walls of the jerrycan harbored total coliforms and Enterococcus. The use of a closed storage container was, on its own, not found to provide a meaningful protective effect against bacterial regrowth; to be protective, closed storage containers must be combined with high-quality source water and/or with adequate cleaning to prevent biofilm formation. A dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite, known locally as Sûr’Eau or Manadio Rano, was both the most effective and the least expensive method for cleaning household water storage containers. We conclude that regular and effective cleaning of storage containers is an essential component of safe water storage. Because household storage of collected water is common in many low- and middle-income countries, these results are important towards the worldwide achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 6.
Research on the Method of Determining Rainfall Thresholds for Waterlogging Risk in Subway Stations
Authors: Xu Xinxin , Li Zhuolun , Wang Mengge , Wang Haozheng , Gong Yongwei
Published: June 2024

With the frequency of extreme rainfall increasing, the risk of waterlogging is significantly exacerbated in subway systems. It is imperative to first identify the rainfall threshold for waterlogging risk for subway stations in order to develop effective waterlogging prevention and control plans. This study focuses on Line 11 of the Beijing Subway, using InfoWorks ICM to construct a model of the research area and simulate waterlogging at various subway stations under different rainfall scenarios. The results indicate that there is a risk of waterlogging at Jinanqiao station, Moshikou station, and Beixinan station on Line 11. The accumulated water may enter the subway station through exits A, B, C, and D of Jinanqiao Station. The inlet sequence of Jinanqiao Station always follows A(B), C, and D, and the difference in waterlogging time for each outlet does not exceed 10 min. We derived the rainfall threshold formula for waterlogging risk at Jinanqiao subway station. Among the three influencing factors of topographic features, step height, and drainage capacity of the pipeline network, step height has a significant effect on increasing the rainfall threshold for waterlogging risk. The conclusions obtained can provide reference for the refined management of waterlogging risks in subway stations.
A Critical Review on the Advancement of the Development of Low-Cost Membranes to Be Utilized in Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Tiwari Alok , Yadav Niraj , Jadhav Dipak A. , Saxena Diksha , Anghan Kirtan , Sandhwar Vishal Kumar , Saxena Shivendu
Published: June 2024

Microbial fuel cells provide a promising solution for both generating electricity and treating wastewater at the same time. This review evaluated the effectiveness of using readily available earthen membranes, such as clayware and ceramics, in MFC systems. By conducting a comprehensive search of the Scopus database from 2015 to 2024, the study analyzed the performance of various earthen membranes, particularly in terms of wastewater treatment and energy production. Ceramic membranes were found to be the most effective, exhibiting superior power density, COD removal, and current density, with values of 229.12 ± 18.5 mW/m2, 98.41%, and 1535.0 ± 29 mW/m2, respectively. The review emphasizes the use of affordable resources like red soil, bentonite clay, CHI/MMT nanocomposites, and Kalporgan soil, which have proven to be effective in MFC applications. Incorporating earthen materials into the membrane construction of MFCs makes them more cost-effective and accessible.
Influence of Impeller Structure Parameters on the Hydraulic Performance and Casting Molding of Spiral Centrifugal Pumps
Authors: Wang Chao , Luo Yin , Li Zihan , Shen Zhenhua , Ye Daoxing
Published: June 2024

In order to study the influence of impeller structural parameters on the hydraulic performance and casting moulding of spiral centrifugal pumps, this paper selects a double vane spiral centrifugal pump with a specific rotation number of 170 as the research object. The Plackett–Burman experimental design is used to screen the influencing factors, and the results show that the vane thickness and the impeller outlet width are the significant influencing factors. Based on this result, five different scenarios were set for these two key parameters, numerical calculations were carried out using numerical simulation software for each of the five flow ratio cases, and casting simulations were carried out for the model of each scenario using AnyCasting6.0 to analyze the influence of these two factors on the hydraulic performance and casting forming of the spiral centrifugal pump. It was found that in terms of vane thickness, a moderate increase in vane thickness improved the hydraulic performance at small flow rates, but an excessive increase at large flow rates led to a decrease in efficiency and an increase in the probability of casting defects. In terms of impeller outlet width, increasing the outlet width caused the design point to be shifted, leading to a decrease in efficiency at small flow rates, but an increase in efficiency when the design flow rate was higher. At the same time, increasing the outlet width makes casting defects more likely to occur at the blade and back cover joint than on the blade surface. The study in this paper clarifies the significant effects of these two parameters on the performance and casting quality of spiral centrifugal pumps, and provides guidance for the optimal design of spiral centrifugal pumps.
The Influence of Different Working Fluid Temperatures on the Hydraulic Performance of Magnetic Vortex Pumps
Authors: Cheng Yijia , Li Wei , Ma Sizhuo , Ji Leilei , Xiao Cui , Li Yongkang
Published: June 2024

Magnetic vortex pumps are characterized by their high performance and zero leakage, and in recent years, they have been applied for the transportation of antifreeze coolant in varying-temperature environments. This paper combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with experimental verification to study the external and internal flow characteristics of magnetic vortex pumps when transporting working fluid at different temperatures, considering radial clearance flow. The results indicate that as the temperature of the medium increases, both the pump head and efficiency improve. Specifically, under the design flow rate condition, the pump head increases by 16.7% when transporting a medium at 90 °C compared to ambient-temperature conditions. Conversely, the pump head is only 16.8% of that observed under ambient-temperature conditions when transporting a medium at −30 °C. Analysis of the internal flow field reveals that the changes in pump hydraulic performance at different working fluid temperatures are primarily due to variations in the vorticity of the internal flow field.
A Survey of Zoonotic Bacteria in the Spleen of Six Species of Rodents in Panama
Authors: García Gleydis , Castillo Anakena M. , González Publio , Armien Blas , Mejía Luis C.
Published: June 2024

Emerging zoonotic diseases are one of the main threats to human and animal health. Among the agents with the potential for zoonoses, those of bacterial origin have great relevance in Public Health. Rodents are considered one of the main reservoirs of pathogens that represent a risk to human health or animal species. We used massive 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing to survey bacteria present in the spleen of six species of rodents in Panama in order to identify bacterial taxa with zoonotic potential in the country. We found 3352 bacterial Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs, i.e., phylogenetic species) in the spleen of six rodent species surveyed (Liomys adspersus, Melanomys caliginosus, Mus musculus, Proechimys semispinosus, Rattus rattus, Zygodontomys brevicauda). This bacterial community was represented by 25 phyla, 55 classes, 140 orders, 268 families, and 508 genera. The three predominant phyla were Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria, and the five predominant classes were Actinobacteria, Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and Clostridia. There were seven high-abundance genera: Acinetobacter, Bartonella, Cutibacterium, Enterococcus, Sarcina, Staphylococcus, and Wolbachia. Genera found with less abundance included Bradyrhizobium, Chryseobacterium, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Pseudonocardia, Rhodococcus, and Sphingomonas. Some of these genera (high or low abundance) have clinical importance. The identification of bacterial taxa with zoonotic potential in rodent species performed here allows us to have surveillance mechanisms for these pathogens and to be able to recognize localities to be prioritized for prevention of transmission and outbreaks, thus being of value for public health in Panama.
EVALUASI RISIKO MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDER (MSDS) PADA PEKERJA KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Pardiyono Ragil , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Suryana Hendy , Patra Oviyan , Puspawardhani Gianti
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pertanian kelapa sawit merupakan industri yang sedang berkembang beberapa tahun terakhir. Pekerjaan di bidang pertanian merupakan pekerjaan yang menuntut banyak kegiatan fisik pekerja. Evaluasi pada pekerja kelapa sawit menunjukan tingginya risiko MSDs. Banyaknya potensi risiko gangguan musculoskelatal (MSDs) pada pekerja pertanian kelapa sawit maka tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk mengevaluasi lebih lanjut risiko MSDs dan melakukan perancangan alat yang dapat digunakan pekerja kelapa sawit untuk mengurangai risiko tersebut. Evaluasi menggunakan Quick Exposure Check (QEC) menunjukan bahwa pekerja panen dengan kegiatan mengumpulkan TBS (tandan buah segar) ke TPHS (tempat penampungan hasil sementara) memiliki skor QEC yang paling tinggi dibandingkan jenis pekerjaan lainnya yaitu sebesar 72%. Sedangkan hasil evaluasi menggunakan kuesioner Nordic keluhan yang paling banyak dirasakan pekerja yaitu pada bagian bahu dan punggung bagian bawah yaitu sebesar 75% dan 73%.
Competitive positions of banks with foreign participation in the banking system Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Dzholdosheva T. Yu. , Zhakypova A. T.
Published: June 2024

The article evaluates the main performance indicators of the main banks with foreign participation operating in the Kyrgyz Republic, presents the results of a rating analysis of these Kyrgyz banks by key indicators for the period 2018-2022 in order to determine the role of banks with foreign participation in the banking system of the republic.