bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KANDUNGAN SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE PADA PASTA GIGI SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN pH SALIVA DAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN PLAK (Tinjauan Pustaka)
Authors: Mayasari Yufitri , Kusuma Lalu Rizad Indra
Published: November 2021

Salah satu kandungan yang biasa ditemukan pada pasta gigi adalah Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) berperan sebagai detergen pembuat busa yang mempunyai efek dapat menurunkan ikatan plak pada permukaan gigi. Penurunan ikatan plak pada permukaan gigi dapat mengakibatkan bakteri pada plak gigi terlepas. Sifat antibakteri dan antimikroba pada kandungan SLS dapat membantu mengurangi suasana asam yang diakibatkan produk toksin hasil fermentasi bakteri. pH saliva merupakan parameter keseimbangan lingkungan rongga mulut. Penggunaan pasta gigi mengandung SLS juga mempengaruhi pH saliva. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui kaitan kandungan Sodium Lauryl Sulfate pada pasta gigi dengan pH saliva dan tingkat kematangan plak.
PENGGUNAAN TEKNIK RADIOGRAFI KONVENSIONAL DAN DIGITAL PADA PERAWATAN ENDODONTIK (Tinjauan Pustaka)
Authors: Putri Ni Putu Sartika Sukma , Yunus Barunawaty
Published: November 2021

Radiografi kedokteran gigi terus mengalami perkembangan. Hal ini dapat terlihat dengan adanya perubahan dari radiografi konvensional ke radiografi digital. Dari waktu ke waktu penggunaan radiografi digital terus mengalami peningkatan. Namun penggunaan radiografi digital tidak sepenuhnya dapat menggantikan penggunaan radiografi konvensional. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara radiografi konvensional dan digital, serta memberikan informasi kepada para praktisi untuk mengetahui perkembangan dan kemajuan radiografi dalam bidang kedokteran gigi, khususnya dalam perawatan endodontik. Radiografi digital menunjukkan keunggulan dalam dosis radiasi, akurasi, keandalan, spesifisitas dari pencitraan dan efektivitas kinerja penggunaannya dibandingkan dengan radiografi konvensional. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik radiografi yang digunakan terdiri dari teknik konvensional dan digital. Dimana teknik digital memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan dengan teknik konvensional, dan merupakan pemeriksaan penunjang dalam praktek kedokteran gigi khususnya dalam bidang endodontik (periapikal, oklusal, panoramik dan CBCT – 3D).
Acórdãos em processos trabalhistas entre entregadores e plataformas
Authors: Mendonça Luccas Miranda Machado de Melo
Published: November 2021

Este artigo, do campo do direito do trabalho, analisa acórdãos dos Tribunais da 1ª, 2ª, 3ª e 15ª Regiões, de 2017 até o primeiro semestre de 2020, em processos que discutem vínculo de emprego entre entregadores e plataformas digitais de entrega. Tem o objetivo de mapear os argumentos e fundamentos jurídicos das decisões. Inicia com o resumo das alegações processuais, passa à metodologia e então são apresentados os padrões argumentativos e de fundamentação. O mapeamento permitiu localizar interpretações em disputa quanto ao tipo de atividade empresária, a prestação do trabalho e a posição da Justiça do Trabalho frente ao modelo de negócio das plataformas. Nos acórdãos que reconheceram o vínculo, prevaleceram argumentos de que a plataforma dirige o serviço e que o trabalho por aplicativo deve se adequar à lei do trabalho, fundamentados em maior número de normas jurídicas. Nos que não o fizeram, prevaleceram argumentos de que os entregadores são autônomos e que o contrato de emprego não é compatível com as plataformas, fundamentados apenas nas normas que dão forma ao empregador e ao empregado. A análise dos acórdãos indica que a legislação trabalhista deve se adaptar a novas realidades.
Democracia substancial e Estado Social de Direito: uma abordagem garantista
Authors: Barreto Júnior Williem da Silva , De Cademartori Sérgio Urquhart
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivos analisar o fenômeno da democracia, em sua dimensão substancial, e discorrer sobre a guinada paradigmática, que permitiu a ascensão do estado social, em meados do século XX. Referida abordagem é feita, a partir de um marco teórico fincado na teoria geral do direito garantista, arquitetada pelo jusfilósofo italiano, Luigi Ferrajoli. Conclui-se que, embora o estado social venha sistematicamente falhando em atender às demandas constitucionalmente preceituadas, não há dúvidas de que tal padrão jurídico-político representou/representa um marco evolutivo expressivo, passível de expansão. Na pesquisa, faz-se uso da metodologia hipotético-dedutiva, em associação com o método bibliográfico.
“Is it Commerce?”: Dehumanization in the Framing of Refugees as Resources
Authors: Weima Yolanda
Published: November 2021

The idea that “refugees are resources” has been promoted as countering the dehumanization that frames refugees as burdens or security threats. But is framing people as resources truly humanizing? Resource theorists have highlighted how modern Western conceptions of what resources are depends on a distinction between the human and the non-human. This logic is similar to, and originates in the same epoch as, hierarchies of humanity. State appraisal and management of human and mobility continue to be shaped by race and perceptions of productive value in terms, just as the value of resources varies, and has always been social and political. This intervention highlights the perspective of a Burundian refugee in Tanzania who traces continuities between experiences and being called a resource—in that a resource can be sold or traded across borders with no input into its future. Refugees can and do meaningfully contribute to the communities and countries in which they live, but the “resources” lens curtails a truly humanizing perspective on refugees’ lives.
Damage Control in Orthopedics and Traumatology
Authors: Martínez-Rondanelli Alfredo , Gomez-Sierra Maria Antonia , Ossa Arley Alberto , Hernández Rubén Darío , Torres Mauricio
Published: November 2021

In Orthopedics, damage control is indicated in patients with pelvic and / or long bone fractures associated with unstable general conditions. Given the severity of the trauma associated with hemodynamic instability, it is not appropriate to perform a complex definitive reduction and fixation surgery for all the patient’s fractures. In these cases, its recommended to perform minimally invasive procedures which provide provisional stabilization of the fractures, this reduces pain, controls bleeding from fractures, allows for proper alignment of fractured bones and reduces dislocations, these procedures aim to control the damage of the first hit to reduce complications. Closed or open fractures of the long bones of the femur, tibia, humerus, and pelvis can lead to instability and shock making damage control in orthopedics a priority.  If the patient is hemodynamically stable its recommended to stabilize all fractures with an early permanent internal fixation thereby controlling the damage with less hospitalization time. As a result, there’s a reduction in the time spent in intensive care as well as the need for mechanical ventilation, transfusions and complications. The concept of damage control as the treatment in orthopedic injuries should be individualized according to the general conditions of each patient and the severity of injuries such as open fractures, dislocations, complete dislocation of sacroiliac joint, vascular lesions, amongst others, as these lesions must be a priority in most patients with multiple injuries. This is to avoid complication and that can leave permanent sequalae’s by receiving inadequate initial treatment.
Evolution of damage control surgery in non-traumatic abdominal pathology: a light in the darkness
Authors: Ordoñez Carlos Alberto , Caicedo Yaset , Parra Michael W , Rodríguez-Holguín Fernando , Serna José Julian , Salcedo Alexander , Franco Maria Josefa , Toro Luis Eduardo , Pino Luis Fernando , Guzmán-Rodríguez Monica , Orlas Claudia , Herrera-Escobar Juan Pablo , González-Hadad Adolfo , Herrera Mario Alain , Aristizabal Gonzalo , Garcia Alberto
Published: November 2021

Damage control surgery is based on temporal control of the injury, physiologic recovery and posterior deferred definitive management. This strategy began in the 1980s and became a formal concept in 1993. It has proven to be a strategy that reduces mortality in severely injured trauma patients. Nevertheless, the concept of damage control in non-traumatic abdominal pathology remains controversial. This article aims to gather historical experiences in damage control surgery performed in non-traumatic abdominal emergency pathology patients and present a novel management algorithm. This strategy could be a surgical option to treat hemodynamically unstable patients in catastrophic scenarios such as hemorrhagic and septic shock caused by peritonitis, pancreatitis, acute mesenteric ischemia, among others. Therefore, damage control surgery is light amid better short- and long-term results.
New Translation of the First Nibelungenlied Adventure into Russian
Authors: Kashleva K. K.
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the existing translations of the German medieval epic poem Nibelungenlied into Russian. Russian translations, made by M. I. Kudryashev in 1889 and Yu. B. Korneev in 1972, were based on the outdated publication of the Nibelungenlied edited by K. Bartsch. The edition by K. Bartsch is rather a compilation than a critical study. The basis for this edition was the manuscript B, in which K. Bartsch made a great number of amendments. That is why K. Bartsch’s edition cannot be regarded as a suitable source for translation. In contrast, the translation by Yu. B. Korneev contains a number of factual inaccuracies and additions caused by the translator’s aim to keep the original metre. The article shows that it is necessary to make a new Russian translation of the Middle High German masterpiece. The article provides a review of possible problems facing a translator: accuracy of translation; making comments that give missing information or explain unclear places in the text. It argues in favour of overt translation with comments that help readers to understand the text which is a product of both another culture and another time. The article features a new translation of the first chapter of the Nibelungenlied (the manuscript B) with comments.
Knowledge, attitude, and prevention of self-medication practices among the general population of Gujarat
Authors: Shah Hital , Arora Bhoomi
Published: November 2021

Objectives:

The practice of self-medication (SM) without consulting a health-care professional among the populace of both developed and developing countries like India may lead to a delay in therapeutic effectiveness. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of SM among the general population of Gujarat.

Material and Methods:

An observational, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 488 participants between April 2021 and May 2021 to evaluate the several aspects of SM. In April 2021, this study was conducted on both the genders of 18–80 years of urban and rural areas of Gujarat. Data were analyzed for descriptive statistics. The data presented in the form of percentages using tables and figures. The responses were collected and analyzed using GraphPad v.8 and Microsoft Excel for percentage and statistical significance.

Results:

Prevalence of SM was 78.3%. It was found to be practiced more among the younger age group (55.32%) than the older. Graduates practiced SM more than the others (P < 0.004). Significant association was found between its practice and residency (P < 0.03), marital status (P < 0.003), education (P < 0.004), and occupation (P < 0.0007). Fever, cough, and cold were the most common conditions noted for SM practice followed by headache. It was noticed that 63.5% participants were procured medications from pharmacy. Multivitamins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and antibiotics were the most frequent medications used by participants.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of SM is alarming which causes serious health issues and needs an intervention. Planning of health awareness programs, educating people, and pharmacists are necessary for promoting rational use of medication.
3D Natural State Modeling of Mount Iyang-Argopuro Geothermal Area, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Asmorowati Dewi , Lukmana Allen Haryanto , Prasetyo Rizqi Mahfudz
Published: November 2021

Mount Iyang-Argopuro is one of the geothermal working areas in the East Java. Mount Iyang-Argopuro has the potential of 185 MWe of reserves and 110 MWe of resources.  It is estimated to have a liquid dominated reservoir with temperature up to 250-275 oC. An early 3D natural state numerical model of Mount Iyang-Argopuro Field is created using TOUGH2 simulator in order to identify the undisturbed condition of reservoir and resource assessment. Since Mount Iyang-Argopuro geothermal area is still in the exploration stage, the model created based on based on geological, geophysical, and geochemical data. The model has an area 14 km x 8.2 km and 9180 m in thickness. The model consists of 7410 of rectangular cell blocks with the roughest cell size is 1000 m x 1000 m and the finest is 200 m x 500 m. The model is verified by matching the model temperature and pressure profiles to the calculated geothermometer temperature and pressure, which shows good match enough.
The Geomorphological Factors and Its Implications for The Tidal Energy Installations in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kurnianto Fahmi Arif , Ikhsan Fahrudi Ahwan , Apriyanto Bejo , Nurdin Elan Artono , Fadilah Tyas Nisa
Published: November 2021

This study aims to place the tidal energy installation effectively in Indonesia based on geomorphological factors. The survey method was used to analyze the characteristics of beaches in Indonesia. Mathematical physics model was implemented to find the new formulas based on geomorphological factors. Tides are the result of gravitational attraction and the centrifugal effect, which is the drive In the earth-moon system, tidal generating forces are the resultant forces that cause tides, namely: the earth-moon system (FS) centrifugal force and the moon's gravitational force (FB). FS works in the center of the mass of the earth-moon system whose mass point is located on the 3/4 radius of the earth.  The style of tidal generator caused by the moon can be calculated by combining Newton's universal gravitational law .The results of this study consist of  F = m ac, where the style of the tidal generator caused by the moon can be calculated by combining newton's universal gravitational law in equation and newton's second law of motion in Equation. The another results is tan =  , where the formula takes into account constants (K) based on slopes. The last result is the constants (K) for each land form starting on 0,00 untill 1,00.  The north coast of Java is more suitable for tidal energy installations because the land form is dominated by alluvium plains of the quaternary age with a lower risk than the southern region of Java. The effectiveness of tidal energy installation depends on the characteristics of the land form. In alluvial plains, the quaternary age of the alluvial plains is more suitable than the hill form volcanic quaternary, tertiary volcanic, and tertiary holokarst.
Feasibility Study on the Application of Dynamic Elastic Rock Properties from Well Log for Shale Hydrocarbon Development of Brownshale Formation in the Bengkalis Trough, Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia.
Authors: Suranto Ahmad Muraji , Buntoro Aris , Prasetyadi Carolus , Adi Wibowo Ricky
Published: November 2021

In modeling the hydraulic fracking program for unconventional reservoir shales, information about elasticity rock properties is needed, namely Young's Modulus and Poisson's ratio as the basis for determining the formation depth interval with high brittleness. The elastic rock properties (Young's Modulus and Poisson's ratio) are a geomechanical parameters used to identify rock brittleness using core data (static data) and well log data (dynamic data). A common problem is that the core data is not available as the most reliable data, so well log data is used. The principle of measuring elastic rock properties in the rock mechanics lab is very different from measurements with well logs, where measurements in the lab are in high stresses / strains, low strain rates, and usually drained, while measurements in well logging use the principle of measured downhole by high frequency sonic. vibrations in conditions of very low stresses / strains, High strain rate, and Always undrained. For this reason, it is necessary to convert dynamic to static elastic rock properties (Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus) using empirical equations. The conversion of elastic rock properties (well logs) from dynamic to static using the empirical calculation method shows a significant shift in the value of Young's Modulus and Poisson's ratio, namely a shift from the ductile zone dominance to the dominant brittle zone. The conversion results were validated with the rock mechanical test results from the analog outcrop cores (static) showing that the results were sufficiently correlated based on the distribution range.
Comparison of Granitoid Characteristics West Kalimantan and Karangsambung Based On Mineralogical And Geochemical Aspects
Authors: Adi Nugroho Kevin Setyo , Setiawan Iwan , Winarno Tri
Published: November 2021

Indonesia was included in the ring of fire so that it has various types of tectonic products, one of which is granitoid. Granitoid is  very complex rock and many are found in Indonesia. Some of them are found in West Kalimantan and Karangsambung. Basis of the reasearch is there is no research that compares granitoid in two regions. The purpose of this study was to compare rock characteristics and granite petrogenesis of West Kalimantan and Karangsambung. The research method used was collecting data on field, also laboratory analysis of rock samples using a polarization microscope, refraction microscope, and X-Ray Fluorescence analysis. The mineralogical characteristics of each study area tend to be almost the same. The predominant composition of the main minerals is quartz, plagioclase and orthoclase. But specifically the rock samples from West Kalimantan have been altered from phylic-silicification-propylitic. The entire study area contained accessory minerals, namely apatite, zircon, titanite, and for monazite only in the West Kalimantan sample. There was mineralization up to the supergene stage in the presence of the characteristic minerals for the supergene covelite and chalcocytes in the West Kalimantan sample. Geochemical analysis of both regions shows the same magma affinity, namely Calc Alkaline - High K Calc Alkaline. For West Kalimantan, the value of A / CNK <1.1 has a type metaluminious and > 1.1 a type peraluminious. Meanwhile, Karangsambung A / CNK value <1.1 has a type metaluminious. So that West Kalimantan granite has two I-type and S-type. While Karangsambung is I-type. West Kalimantan granite is formed in continental arc granite (CAG) and continental collision granite (CCG). Meanwhile, Karangsambung in Volcanic Arc Granite (VAG). It can be concluded that the granites of the two regions have quite different characteristics even though they belong to a relatively similar tectonic environment.
Biosynthesis-Guided Discovery of Enteropeptins, Unusual Sactipeptides Containing an N-Methylornithine
Authors: Clark Kenzie A. , Covington Brett C. , Seyedsayamdost Mohammad R.
Published: November 2021

The combination of next-generation DNA sequencing technologies and bioinformatics have revitalized natural product discovery. Using a new bioinformatic search strategy, we recently identified ~600 gene clusters in animal microbiomes that code for ribosomal peptide natural products synthesized by radical S-adenosylmethionine enzymes. These grouped into 16 subfamilies and pointed to an unexplored microbiome biosynthetic landscape. Herein, we report the structure, biosynthesis, and function of one of these natural product groups, that we term enteropeptins, from the gut microbe Enterococcus cecorum. We elucidate three novel reactions, each catalyzed by a different family of metalloenzymes, in the biosynthesis of enteropeptins. Among these, we characterize the founding member of a widespread superfamily of Fe-S-containing methyltransferases, which, together with a di-Mn-dependent arginase, installs an N-methylornithine in the peptide sequence. Biological assays with the mature product revealed bacteriostatic activity only against the producing strain, extending an emerging theme of fratricidal or self-inhibitory metabolites in microbiome firmicutes.
Stable dinitrile end-capped closed-shell non-quinodimethane as donor, acceptor and additive of organic solar cells
Authors: weixuan Liang , Peng Liu , Yiheng Zhang , weiya Zhu , Xinyang Tao , Zhicai He , Yuan Li
Published: November 2021

Non-fullerene acceptors exhibit great potential to improve photovoltaic performances of organic solar cells. However, it is important to further enhance chemical stability and device durability for future commercialization, especially for Y6-series small molecule acceptors with 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC) type as ending group. In this work, an IC-free photovoltaic material YF-CN consisting of 2-fluoren-9-ylidenepropanedinitrile terminal was designed and synthesized by stille coupling. YF-CN exhibits enhanced photostability and improves morphological compatibility with the binary PCE10:Y6 blend. The moderate energy level makes YF-CN could serve as a multifunctional material, such as donor, acceptor and the third component. When adding YF-CN as second donor into PCE10:Y6 system, an improved power conversion efficiency of 12.03% was achieved for as-cast device. Importantly, the ternary PCE10:YF-CN:Y6-devices showed enhanced storage durability maintaining 91% of initial PCE after the 360 hours. This work provides new perspective to understand the open-shell and closed-shell structure of donors and acceptors, as well as promising design concept of stable IC-free acceptors for organic solar cells.
KONUT KREDİSİ FAİZ İNDİRİMİ DUYURUSUNUN GAYRİMENKUL YATIRIM ORTAKLIKLARININ PAY GETİRİLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: KANDIR Serkan , ELBİR MERMER Gözde
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1 Haziran 2020 tarihli konut kredisi faiz oranı indirimi duyurusunun Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklıklarının (GYO) pay getirileri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmada, olay çalışması yöntemi kullanılmış ve olay penceresi -5,+5 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemi 33 adet GYO’dan oluşmaktadır. Analiz sonuçları, konut kredisi faiz oranı indirimi duyurusunun GYO paylarında anormal getiriye neden olduğunu göstermiştir.
COVID 19’UN TÜRK HAVALİMANLARININ VERİMLİLİĞİNE TAHMİNİ ETKİSİ: MALMQUIST TOPLAM FAKTÖR VERİMLİLİK ENDEKSİ UYGULAMASI
Authors: ALNIPAK Serdar , APAK Sudi
Published: November 2021

Küresel ekonomi üzerinde önemli etkilere sahip olan havalimanları yolcuların ve yüklerin transferlerini, uçakların iniş ve kalkış yapmalarını sağlayan tesislerdir. 2009- 2019 yılları arasında küresel havacılık endüstrisindeki gelir % 5,3 oranında artarak 838 milyar ABD dolarına ulaşmış ve tarifeli yolcu sayısı 4,54 milyarı aşmıştır. Ancak COVID-19 salgınına ve bu tehlikeye karşı alınan önlemler nedeniyle havayolu taşımacılığına olan talep düşmüştür. Bu düşüş hava taşımacılığı endüstrisindeki birçok firmanın etkinliğini ve sürdürülebilirliğini tehdit etmektedir. Bu süreçten havalimanlarının etkinliği büyük ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde oluşan yolcu trafiğinin %95’ini oluşturan 16 ildeki havalimanlarının etkinlik değişimleri Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik (MTFV) endeksi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu analizde 2020 yılı için gerçek veriler ve tahmini (beklenen) değerler kullanılmıştır. Tahmini değerlerin hesaplanmasına yönelik olarak çalışmaya dahil edilen havalimanlarının 2007-2019 yılları arasındaki istatistikleri doğrultusunda Double Exponential Smoothing yöntemi ile 2020 yılı için yolcu ve uçak trafikleri tahmin edilmiştir. Bulunan tahmini değerler ve 2020 yılında gerçekleşen reel değerler kullanılarak ayrı ayrı MTFV endeksleri (5 yıllık periyot için) hesaplanmış ve aradaki farklar analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre havalimanlarında yıllık %6'lık toplam verimlilik artışı beklenirken, pandemi etkisi ile % 41 oranında düşüş gerçekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir. İller bazında yapılan değerlendirmede etkinlik değişiminde en çok artış göstermesi beklenen Antalya, İzmir, Muğla ve Hatay gibi turistik yolcuların yoğun olduğu illerde pandeminin etkisi ile dramatik düşüşler yaşanmıştır.
PISA in Finland: An Education Miracle or an Obstacle to Change?
Authors: Sahlberg Pasi
Published: November 2021

The present article discusses the role and impact of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) in Finland. PISA has created a new geography of education policies and reforms by shifting global interest away from Anglo-Saxon education systems to Asian countries, as well as to Finland and Canada in the West. The article describes how PISA has become evidence of the successful education reforms in Finland carried out since the 1970s, but at the same time has created a situation where the continuous renewal of the Finnish education system has become more difficult than before. The conclusion is that PISA is animportant global benchmarking instrument, but that policy makers and the media need to make better use of the rich data that have been collected together with information about students’ academic performance.
Adapting and Designing Spaces: Children and their Schools
Authors: Kenkmann Andrea
Published: November 2021

In schools, children experience their environment on three different levels: firstly, they constantly make spatial decisions by positioning themselves in relation to others and organising their immediate environment; secondly, they can potentially contribute to shaping the classroom spaces; and, thirdly, they are confronted with the designed school as a whole.It is argued here that our experiences of spaces are related to our memories, which provide us with a framework of references that allows us to ‘read’ and construct spaces. Whereas on the lowest level of spatial involvement children are natural decision makers, the higher levels require access to, and an understanding of, shared practices and discourses. Although existing data on children’s perceptions of their schools suggest that children’s participation inthe school design process is laudable for all sorts of reasons, such participation means overcoming considerable barriers for comparatively little gain in terms of the design quality. It is the level of the classroom where a more genuine shared organisation and (re)creation of space can take place on an everyday basis.
Variations in Primary Teachers’ Responses and Development during Three Major Science In- Service Programmes
Authors: Jarvis Tina , Pell Anthony , Hingley Philip
Published: November 2021

This paper reports on how different types of teachers responded to in-service aimed at developing investigative-based science education (IBSE) in primary schools, and the extent to which they applied their new skills in the classroom. Common items from evaluation questionnaires allowed data to be combined from three major in-service programmes. Using complete data sets from 120 teachers, cluster analysis enabled three teacher types to be identified: a small group of ‘science unsures’, with low attitude scores and little confidence, who showed no response to the innovation; ‘holistic improvers’, who showed the largest improvement in science teaching confidence; and ‘high level, positive progressives’, who were very positive to science teaching throughout and showed gains in confidence in teachingphysics and chemistry, as well as in demonstrating the relevance of science to their pupils. Taking account of these teacher types alongside interviews and observations, nine  developmental stages in how teachers apply their new expertise in the classroom and the whole school are suggested. Major factors influencing application in the classroom are the teachers’ initial science knowledge and pedagogical expertise, and motivating feedback to teachers when pupils responded positively to the innovation. Assessing teachers’ initial level of subject knowledge and science pedagogical expertise to inform the approach and amount of in-service provision is important. Subsequent mentoring as well as support from the school principal when teachers first try IBSE with pupils promotes successful implementationin the classroom.
Encouraging Teachers’ and Students’ Innovation with the Support of Teacher Learning Communities
Authors: García Leonor Margalef
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this paper is to share knowledge generated through the implementation of “Teaching Innovation Teams” as a strategy for teachers’ professional development and innovation at the University of Alcala (Spain). We analyse the contributions of this strategy to the facilitation of curriculum innovation in higher education and reflect on some of theachievements and results of the activities carried out by these teams, identifying the dilemmas and difficulties that teachers experienced and that hinder the development of curriculum innovations. Finally, we outline some educational contributions of Teaching Innovation Teams understood as a collaborative and formative strategy to facilitate educational change.
Personal and Emotional Factors in the Labour Integration of University Graduates in the Field of Education. Implications for University Teaching
Authors: Castejón Juan L. , Gilar Raquel , Miñano Pablo
Published: November 2021

The main aim of this paper is to analyse the role of intellectual, personal and emotional competencies as well as technical knowledge - academic achievement - in the employment ofuniversity graduates, with the purpose of incorporating these competencies into training programmes developed within the European Framework of Higher Education. This study is based on an initial sample of 118 university graduates in the field of education. We have gathered information about academic achievement and the intellectual, personal and  emotional traits of this sample. From these data, and given the importance ofnon-intellectual aspects of intelligence associated with professional success, the specific contribution -incremental validity - of personal and emotional intelligence in explaining theemployment - labour integration - of university graduates in the field of education is studied. From this point onwards, we attempt to identify the key socio-emotional competencies inthe field of education in order to establish the implications of including this type of skills in university training programmes within the European Higher Education Area.
Designing Dynamic Systems For Advancing Aesthetic Spatial Engagement In Sound Art
Authors:   , Johnson Bridget
Published: November 2021

This thesis documents three years of extensive research into the field of sonic spatial expression and is the culmination of years of fascination about all of the ways music is made. In particular, it focuses on the way sounds move through space. This research stems from artistic practice and a desire to deeply explore spatial aesthetics in sound art. A potential for further development of tools designed for aesthetic engagement with spatial attributes of music is identified. It is proposed that with new tools designed for the manipulation of spatial attributes, new spatial aesthetics might emerge. In exploring this proposition, a number of contributions to the field of spatial sound art are presented. The main approach taken is to apply new technologies to the design of spatialisation performance interfaces. It is hoped that in designing novel interfaces that specifically engage with spatial parameters, new ways for aesthetically engaging with space will be afforded for composers and performers. The tools designed all aim to exhibit a high level of intuitiveness in their control systems, allowing non- expert users access to these spatially expressive tools. Additionally, the new tools aim to provide high levels of expressivity so that advanced composers who are looking for new ways to use space expressively may also use them.  This thesis focuses on the design, development, implementation, analysis, and artistic use of new spatial interfaces. The design methodology implemented for all of the interfaces includes both testing and analysis phases that involve the composition and performance of new musical works. The development of the interfaces is closely coupled with the development of the new musical works, with each design phase applied to a new work and each new work or spatial idea exploring the new aesthetics afforded by the tools. The assessment of these new tools takes various forms: they are assessed by critical evaluation of the new works created, by user study evaluations from other composers who utilise the tools, and, where appropriate, by quantifiable methods of evaluation that are adopted to assess specific spatialisation tools.  The new musical interfaces presented, described, and evaluated in this document were conceived of as musical instruments, each affording new approaches to spatial expression. This document also details an extensive collection of new musical works that feature the interfaces. It concludes by suggesting future directions for this research body and the spatialisation interface design field.
Là où dialoguent les musées: The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa at the Musée du Quai Branly
Authors:   , Phillips Lily
Published: November 2021

The opening of the Musée du quai Branly in 2006 signalled a new approach to the display of Māori and Pacific collections in France and the beginning of a new relationship with the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.  Between 2006 and 2012, the two museums were brought together by two challenging events: the repatriation of toi moko (Māori tattooed heads) from France to New Zealand and the 2011 exhibition Maori: leurs trésors ont une âme at the quai Branly. Through a close study of the repatriation and exhibition, and interviews with participants, this thesis considers the questions these events raise. How can museums with very different approaches to the treatment of artefacts negotiate issues of repatriation and the exhibition of sacred objects? How should colonial-era anthropological collections be exhibited today? What is the place of contemporary indigenous art in the museum?  By focusing on the exchanges between two institutions, Te Papa and the quai Branly, this thesis suggests how conversations at an individual level can lead to shifts in the perception and exhibition of museum objects, and how dialogues between museums internationally can contribute to an evolution in the treatment and display of indigenous artefacts and art in museums.
Proteomics of lipid accumulation and DGAT inhibition in HepG2 liver carcinoma cells
Authors:   , Bhatt-Wessel Bhumika
Published: November 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome in the liver. It is marked by hepatocyte accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) rich lipid droplets. In some patients, the disease progresses to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by cellular damage, inflammation and fibrosis. In some cases, cirrhosis and liver failure may occur. However, the pathogenesis of NAFLD is still unclear. The present project is based on the hypothesis that hepatocytes are equipped with mechanisms that allow them to manage lipid accumulation to a certain extent. Continued or increased lipid accumulation beyond this triggers molecular mechanisms such as oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and cell death that aggravate the condition and cause disease progression. The aim of this project is to study the effects of lipid accumulation on the cells using proteomics approach to identify proteins involved in the disease progression.  A cell culture model was used in the study. HepG2 cells, a human liver carcinoma cell line, were treated with a mixture of fatty acids (FA) to induce lipid accumulation. The lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells was measured with Oil red O assay and the effect of lipid accumulation on the proliferation of the cells was measured using an MTT cell proliferation assay. HepG2 cells treated with 1 mM FA mixture for 6 hours induced lipid accumulation 1.4 times of control with 90% of cell proliferation capacity of the control cells.  The final and the only committed step in TAG biosynthesis is catalysed by acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes. To investigate if limiting lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells would prevent molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis, inhibition of DGAT by small molecule inhibitors was performed. Among the three DGAT inhibitors (A922500, PF06424439 and PF04620110) tested, PF04620110 reduced the lipid accumulation to 1.2 fold of the control cells when they were treated with 100 μM of the inhibitor in the presence of 1 mM FA mixture for 6 h.  Proteomic analyses were carried out for the control, FA-treated and inhibitor-treated cell groups to identify protein changes in the abundance. Functional analyses of the changed proteins identified suggest that lipid accumulation tends to adversely affect the functioning of the ER and the mitochondria. A complex interplay between the two organelles, possibly mediated by Ca2+ signalling may be vital in ensuring cell survival. PF04620110 was able to counter the FA induced changes in the abundance of some proteins involved in the metabolic processes but it had limited effect on the ER chaperones whose abundance in the inhibitor-treated sample was comparable to that of the FA-treated sample. These data provided important information for future discoveries of biomarkers and molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of NAFLD.
Asymptotic methods of testing statistical hypotheses
Authors:   , Nguyen Thuong
Published: November 2021

For a long time, the goodness of fit (GOF) tests have been one of the main objects of the theory of testing of statistical hypotheses. These tests possess two essential properties. Firstly, the asymptotic distribution of GOF test statistics under the null hypothesis is free from the underlying distribution within the hypothetical family. Secondly, they are of omnibus nature, which means that they are sensitive to every alternative to the null hypothesis.   GOF tests are typically based on non-linear functionals from the empirical process. The first idea to change the focus from particular functionals to the transformation of the empirical process itself into another process, which will be asymptotically distribution free, was first formulated and accomplished by {\bf Khmaladze} \cite{Estate1}. Recently, the same author in consecutive papers \cite{Estate} and \cite{Estate2} introduced another method, called here the {\bf Khmaladze-2} transformation, which is distinct from the first Khmaladze transformation and can be used for an even wider class of hypothesis testing problems and is simpler in implementation.   This thesis shows how the approach could be used to create the asymptotically distribution free empirical process in two well-known testing problems.   The first problem is the problem of testing independence of two discrete random variables/vectors in a contingency table context. Although this problem has a long history, the use of GOF tests for it has been restricted to only one possible choice -- the chi-square test and its several modifications. We start our approach by viewing the problem as one of parametric hypothesis testing and suggest looking at the marginal distributions as parameters. The crucial difficulty is that when the dimension of the table is large, the dimension of the vector of parameters is large as well. Nevertheless, we demonstrate the efficiency of our approach and confirm by simulations the distribution free property of the new empirical process and the GOF tests based on it. The number of parameters is as big as $30$. As an additional benefit, we point out some cases when the GOF tests based on the new process are more powerful than the traditional chi-square one.   The second problem is testing whether a distribution has a regularly varying tail. This problem is inspired mainly by the fact that regularly varying tail distributions play an essential role in characterization of the domain of attraction of extreme value distributions. While there are numerous studies on estimating the exponent of regular variation of the tail, using GOF tests for testing relevant distributions has appeared in few papers. We contribute to this latter aspect a construction of a class of GOF tests for testing regularly varying tail distributions.
Design Optimisation for 3D printed SLM objects
Authors:   , Hill Stephen Tane
Published: November 2021

A common misconception about additive manufacturing (3D printing) is that any shape can be made in any material at the press of a button. The reality is that each process and material requires distinct Computer Aided Design (CAD) files that need to be optimised to the physical limitations of the manufacturing process. This optimisation process can have significant effects on the designer’s aesthetic intentions. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is the new benchmark for functional 3D printed titanium designs where the optimisation process plays an important role in the outcome of the end product. The limitations imposed by the manufacturing process include build support material, heat transfer and post processing and designs are required to be optimised before the manufacturing process can commence. To date, case studies written on the SLM process have focused largely on engineering and functional applications in particular within the medical industry. However; this process has not been extensively studied from a visual and aesthetic industrial design perspective. This research will gather specific knowledge about the technical limitations involved in the Selective Laser Melting process and explore through a case study approach how a designer s intentions can be maintained or even enhanced when using this technology. With greater understanding of the SLM technology, the optimisation process may further provide positive outcomes to the designer by saving time, money and waste.  This case study is built on an existing product design file as a base model. Refinements to the model were made based on findings from existing design research as well as digital and physical models. The existing design research was focused on challenges designers encounter using 3D printing technologies including SLM as well as the optimisation process. Models and design iterations were developed using Nigel Cross’s four step model of exploration, generation, evaluation and communication. By iteratively redesigning aspects of the model to conform to the SLM limitations, this study reviews opportunities for areas to reduce material without compromising the design intent.
Factors and consumer attitudes that affect the sustainable management of used mobile phones: A repertory grid analysis
Authors:   , Coffey Philip
Published: November 2021

Used mobile phones with their small size but vast numbers, create a unique problem when it comes to managing the part they play in the creation of electronic waste (E-waste). Whilst previous studies have identified what consumers appear to be doing with their used mobile phones, there is also a need to better understand why they are doing it. This study investigated what factors appear to influence consumer attitudes towards adopting a more sustainable approach when dealing with their used mobile phones. A reuse, refurbish and recycle strategy was used as a lens to examine the current literature from which an initial model was developed. Using the repertory grid interview technique a group of participants was interviewed to try to determine their core beliefs when it came to managing their used mobile phones. Analysis of the interviews was completed using several analysis techniques including word clouds, percentage similarity analysis, and Honey’s content analysis. The results of the study indicate that consumers care about the effect of used mobile phones on the environment although the degree of concern appears to vary across individuals. In addition, it was identified that in general, consumers perceive reuse, refurbishing, and recycling all as positive ways to sustainably manage used mobile phones, whilst environmental awareness appears to play a significant role in engaging people with recycling and being a rational for storing used mobile phones. Finally, the study suggests that telecommunication providers when trying to improve engagement with takeback schemes should focus more on consumers’ environmental concerns and social norms, rather than financial incentives or promoting easy engagement.
The Collective Influence of Family Connectedness, School Connectedness and Coping during Adolescence on Psychological Adjustment in Emerging Adulthood
Authors:   , Mason Jeremy
Published: November 2021

Research shows that adolescent connections to the family and school environments both diminish across time and are predictive of psychological adjustment. Coping strategies displayed during adolescence are also thought to play a central role in the development of psychological adjustment outcomes. The present longitudinal study investigated trajectories of family and school connectedness during adolescence, the relationship of these trajectories to adjustment outcomes in emerging adulthood, and whether and how coping strategies might explain the relationships between family and school connectedness during adolescence and psychological adjustment in emerging adulthood. A sample of 946 adolescents were surveyed four times across an eight year period; three time points were during their secondary school years (2006, 2007, and 2008) and the final survey point was five years later (2013). Growth curve models were constructed to examine changes in family and school connectedness from Time 1 to Time 3, and to determine whether these changes predicted Time 4 adjustment outcomes. Mediation path models were also employed to determine whether and how Time 3 maladaptive and adaptive coping strategies functioned as mediators between Time 1 family and school connectedness and Time 4 psychological adjustment outcomes. Results demonstrated that those individuals who were well-connected to their family and school during adolescence were psychologically better adjusted in emerging adulthood. They also showed that levels of both family and school connectedness declined across adolescence for females, but not for males, and that declines in school connectedness were predictive of better psychological adjustment outcomes. Finally, greater family and school connectedness displayed during adolescence predicted reductions in the use of maladaptive coping and increases in the use of adaptive coping, which in turn, predicted increases in psychological adjustment in emerging adulthood. The findings are discussed in terms of their contributions to the literature, their implications for the treatment of adolescent mental health difficulties, and suggestions for future research are made.