bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coordenação da qualidade em cadeias de produção de alimentos: estudo de casos em empresas processadoras brasileiras
Authors: Monteiro Simone Borges Simão , De Toledo José Carlos
Published: November 2023

Uma característica da indústria de alimentos, cada vez mais relevante, é a necessidade de garantia da qualidade e da segurança do alimento, principalmente, a partir de casos registrados, em diversos países, de doenças e mortes decorrentes da ingestão de alimentos contaminados. A qualidade e a segurança do produto final dependem de ações planejadas e coordenadas em toda a cadeia de produção de alimentos. Este trabalho aborda as práticas de coordenação da qualidade em cadeias de produção de alimentos. O objetivo é identificar e analisar as práticas de coordenação da qualidade, adotadas por grandes empresas, do setor alimentício, em relação aos seus fornecedores e distribuidores. A pesquisa de campo foi conduzida por meio de estudo de casos, em empresas dos seguintes segmentos da indústria alimentícia: leite e derivados, derivados de carnes, óleos e gorduras, sucos e biscoitos. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram um maior grau de coordenação das empresas processadoras, em relação aos distribuidores, do que em relação aos fornecedores, pelo fato de os distribuidores realizarem mais práticas de qualidade do que os fornecedores. Percebe-se que ainda existem deficiências na coordenação da qualidade no sentido da distribuição, particularmente no segmento de varejo, mas as processadoras demonstram consciência sobre esses problemas e encontram em estágio de evolução da coordenação da qualidade, junto a distribuidores e varejistas. Palavras-chave: cadeias de produção de alimentos, coordenação da qualidade, práticas de gestão da qualidade.
Seis Sigma: uma metodologia inovadora ou uma nova embalagem para a Melhoria Contínua?
Authors: Rebelato Marcelo Giroto , Rodrigues Andréia Marize , Rodrigues Isabel Cristina
Published: November 2023

O debate sobre a originalidade do Seis Sigma (SS), com relação à Melhoria Contínua (MC), tem suscitado opiniões controversas entre os acadêmicos. MC e SS são dois processos empresariais voltados à área da gestão da qualidade, enraízados numa diretriz básica comum: incrementar a satisfação do consumidor. Este artigo objetiva avaliar, sob um olhar sistemático e crítico, se o SS é de fato uma metodologia inovadora ou se não passa de uma nova vestimenta para a MC. A metodologia utilizada aponta elementos de contraponto entre MC e SS, que são oriundos da recuperação das motivações e dos interesses, da análise da evolução do conteúdo e da consideração sobre a dinâmica de transformação do fenômeno TQM, pano de fundo de ambos os processos. Conclui-se que o SS representa, apesar de seus objetivos semelhantes aos da MC, um processo diferente, na medida em que é mais bem alinhado à estratégia da empresa, provê melhor suporte às equipes, além de adotar um mecanismo operacional na forma de equipes de elite e projetos de implantação de melhor grau de suporte e instrumentalização, para o alcance da eficácia dos objetivos traçados. Palavras-chave: Melhoria Contínua; Seis Sigma; Gestão da Qualidade.
Representação de conhecimento em sistemas especialistas, visando à agricultura
Authors: Lanzer André Thiago de Souza
Published: November 2023

From the available information in the D’Agostini e Schlindwein (1998) land use and management evaluation
system a rule based expert system was developed whose knowledge was adequately represented hierarquically.
Hierarquical representation is indicated for interpretation category expert systems that deal with classifica-
tion, and may be used in land use determination systems such as the American and Brazilian. Introspection
eases initial development of an expert system in cases where information for state definitions is found in the
classification system itself, as in the D’Agostini e Schlindwein (1998) evaluation system. Object-oriented pro-
gramming concepts are applied to system development.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, knowledge representation, land classification, interpretation, sustainability.
Relações entre a intensidade de atividades de Gestão do Conhecimento, tempo de existência, número de clientes e localização geográfica de organizações de assessoramento empresarial: um estudo em empresas paranaenses
Authors: Barbosa Sandra Rodrigues , Bezerra Cícero Aparecido , Espejo Márcia Maria dos Santos Bortolocci
Published: November 2023

O artigo aborda a intensidade de adoção de atividades e atitudes de Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) empregadas em organizações de assessoramento empresarial, no estado do Paraná. O estudo busca encontrar relações entre algumas atividades de GC e características destas empresas - especificamente, tempo de existência, número de clientes em carteira e localização geográfica. A pesquisa é motivada pelas hipóteses, empíricas, de que estas variáveis apresentam relação orgânica com a GC. Para testar as hipóteses utilizaram-se testes bivariados, não paramétricos. Os resultados encontrados mostram que a variação do número de clientes encontra-se relacionada com a intensidade com que as atividades organizacionais de GC são percebidas. Não se encontraram evidências que associem a localidade geográfica das empresas às atividades de GC. Porém, registraram-se indícios de que o tempo de existência das empresas pode estar relacionado com as atividades/atitudes de GC.
O crescimento econômico local na identificação de potenciais Aglomerados Produtivos no Brasil
Authors: Acha Kohler Lara Lis , Arica José
Published: November 2023

O estudo de Aglomerados Produtivos (APs) no mundo tem chamado a atenção de agentes políticos e econômicos por se mostrarem importante instrumento para dotar de competitividade concentrações de pequenas e médias empresas atuando no mesmo setor econômico, ao aumentar a escala produtiva, o escopo, a especialização e a inserção em mercados mais exigentes. Em países como o Brasil, os APs se mostram fonte geradora de emprego e renda, contribuindo para o crescimento econômico local. Devido a isso, se desenvolvem políticas de apoio oficial aos APs. Entretanto, a natureza dessas organizações dificulta identificá-las e diversos esforços metodológicos com este fim vêm sendo realizados. O presente trabalho busca avançar na metodologia de mapeamento e classificação de APs no Brasil. Apresenta uma proposta baseada em metodologias que tomam como critério a geração local de empregos pelos aglomerados, à qual se adicionam, aqui, indicadores que permitem medir a qualidade do emprego por meio da renda local associada. A aplicação da metodologia proposta ao Estado de Rio de Janeiro, comparada com resultados recentes, mostra um maior refino quanto à identificação de potenciais aglomerados produtivos.
DIREÇÃO ESCOLAR NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: ESTILOS DE LIDERANÇA E CLIMA ORGANIZACIONAL DA ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Waiandt Juliana Braun Marques , Ferretti Amanda Soares Zambelli
Published: November 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender o estilo de liderança de diretores escolares da educação infantil e sua influência no clima organizacional da escola. Para atender ao objetivo proposto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com corte transversal, tendo como instrumento de produção de dados primários a entrevista semiestruturada. As entrevistas foram realizadas com 12 diretoras que estão em efetivo trabalho nos Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil do município de Serra, Espírito Santo, no ano de 2023. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo e categorizados pelo processo indutivo. Os resultados apontaram que as diretoras reconhecem sua reponsabilidade pela unidade de ensino e adotam os estilos de liderança transformacional, liderança instrucional e liderança autocrática. Os estilos transformacional e instrucional apontaram influência positiva no clima. Embora a literatura relacione o estilo autocrático como um impacto desfavorável ao clima, ele se revelou importante para o funcionamento e organização da unidade escolar. Este estudo contribuiu de forma teórica com a literatura de liderança e clima organizacional voltada para a educação, especificamente para a atuação dos diretores escolares, principais responsáveis pelas unidades de ensino. De forma prática, buscou-se apresentar possibilidades de desenvolvimento de ações de aprimoramento de práticas de liderança dos diretores escolares, a fim de articular um clima organizacional favorável ao desempenho organizacional.
Tidal range electricity generation into the twenty-second century
Authors: Vandercruyssen David , Baker Simon , Howard David , Aggidis George
Published: November 2023

Tidal range electricity generation schemes are designed to have a minimum operational life of at least 120 years, making it important to plan for changes such as sea-level rise (SLR). Earlier studies have shown that schemes can maintain the existing tidal range within the impoundment and protect areas from flooding. Here it is demonstrated that tidal range technology can maintain the current tidal extent despite SLR and suggests the operational strategies to achieve it. The approach is the only way to safeguard existing intertidal habitats. Mechanical and electrical plant requires a major overall, upgrade or replacement every 40 years; the levelised cost of energy is structured in 40-year periods reducing after the first period. Increasing the capacity or efficiency of the plant during the refits allows the protection of low-lying areas to be maintained and more electricity to be generated. The strategy requires energy to be used in pumping to achieve the current low tidal limits and the incoming tide to be curtailed to maintain the high tide extent, but there is very little effect on annual electricity production. Flexible operation can offer some protection from riverine flooding and existing inundation cycles can be maintained.
Acute and chronic exposure risks of insecticide residues in fresh commodities collected from Bursa province markets during winter season
Authors: ÇAKI Merve , KUMRAL Ayşegül
Published: November 2023

This study shows the findings about pesticide residues and the associated acute and chronic exposure risks of different fresh commodities collected from different markets located in Bursa province during 2023 winter season. For this purpose, pesticide residue levels of the collected samples were analysed with LC-MS/MS. Highest levels of insecticide and acaricide residues were detected in some lettuce, parsley, dill, carrot, pear, mandarin and banana samples and they were exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL). The acute and the chronic exposures to pesticides were assessed by using the highest and the average redidue levels of each pesticide respectively. Highest acute exposure was calculated as acute reference dose (ARfD) exceedance rate and it was 104.27% for indoxacarb in apples, 107.06% and 137.11% for lambda-cyhalothrin in pears and mandarins, and 158.2% for phosmet in pears. For all commodity types, none of the pesticide residues displayed chronic hazard. When the cumulative long-term exposure evaluated, none of the insecticides was found to be risky for adults. The findings showed that the levels of insecticide residues on lettuce, parsley, dill, carrot, apple, pear, mandarin, orange and banana samples collected from Bursa markets in winter 2023 could not be considered as an important public health risk.
Efficiency of temperature and storage duration on some morphological measurements and reproductive capacity of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae)’s Turkish HBH hybrid strain
Authors: BÜTÜNER Alperen Kaan , SUSURLUK Alper
Published: November 2023

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are successfully used in the biological control of agricultural insect pests. This study aims to determine the body length of hermaphrodite individuals, egg diameter and reproductive capacity obtained from Infective Juveniles (IJs) stored at different temperatures and durations. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae)’s Hybrid Strain HBH was used in the study. IJs stored at 15, 25 and 35°C for 7, 14 and 21 days were inoculated onto Galleria mellonella L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) last instar larvae at a dose of 100 IJs. On the 2nd day of infection, hermaphrodite individuals and eggs were obtained by dissecting the larvae. The reproductive capacity was determined 10-12 days after infection. The study was conducted in Bursa Uludağ University, Faculty of Agriculture, Plant Protection Department, Nematology Laboratory in 2023. In conclusion, the longest hermaphrodite individuals and egg diameter were obtained as 6207.22 µm and 55.65 µm, respectively from the IJs stored for 7 days at 15°C. The highest reproductive capacity was also observed as 167.500 IJs per G. mellonella larva in IJs stored under the same conditions with respect to temperature and time. This study is important for assessing the morphological effects of different temperature values and storage durations on EPNs.
Determination of the Dynamic Properties of SDOF and MDOF Shear Frames with Image Processing Technique
Authors: DAMCI Erdem , ŞEKERCİ Çağla
Published: November 2023

In this study, experimental modal analyses on shear frame models consisting of single and multi-degree-of-freedom structure models were carried out to examine structural behavior. The image processing technique is used for the tests on shaking tables, such as free vibration, simple harmonic, and strong ground motion. An approach is proposed for image processing techniques to consider the appropriate filter size. The experiments aimed to determine the displacements at the floor levels and the dynamic characteristics of the structure models. To determine the displacements and frequency responses, results obtained from three different methods, namely the data obtained by accelerometers, image processing technique, and theoretical calculations, were compared. It has been shown that the image processing technique is a good tool compared to frequently used vibration measurements with accelerometers. It is advantageous because it is easier to implement for laboratory experiments and less costly.
Approximate Solutions of Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems by Collocation Methods Compared to Newer Methods
Authors: DURAK Birkan , ÖZER Hasan Ömür , SEZGİN Aziz , SAKMAN Lütfi Emir
Published: November 2023

A large variety of new methods are being developed for fast and efficient solutions of nonlinear boundary value problems. Some of these methods are, Adomian decomposition (ADM), differential transform (DTM), least squares vector machines (LSSVMM), and multiple variational iteration (MVIM). A natural question arises as to how efficient and simple to use these newer methods are compared to classical methods. One of the simplest and widely applicable classical methods is the collocation method. The overall performance of collocation method and the newer methods are compared on a number of problems, which were previously used to benchmark the newer methods. It is concluded that, at least for the problems considered, the collocation method performs as successfully as the newer methods.
INCREASING THE FISHBONE WELL OPERATION EFFICIENCY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF PROTOZANOVSKOYE FIELD)
Authors: Yusupova L. F. , Izmailova G. R. , Khusnutdinova R. R.
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the use of an integrated approach to increasing the fishbone well operation efficiency in oil fields. one of the variants for increasing the fishbone well operation efficiency by introducing small-sized pumps with valve-type submersible electric motors of size 2A is presented. The main advantages of this equipment are outlined together with the results of pilot work at various oil production facilities. The selection of equipment for well No. 2 of the Protozanovskoye field was carried out. Graphs of the dependence of the deflection value of deep-well pumping equipment on the installation interval and the predicted characteristics of the pump, built in the NovometSel-Pro program, are also presented. As a result of the forecast, key technical and economic indicators of the operation were identified, which are sufficient grounds for consideration of the proposed option by the subsoil user not only at the Protozanovskoye field, but also at other fields with similar well operation problems.
Access to Electricity for ESTA Occupiers: TM Sibanyoni and Sibanyoni Family v Van Der Merwe and Any Other Person in Charge of Farm 177, Vaalbank Portion 13 Hendrina, Mpumalanga (LCC 119/2020) [2021] ZALCC 33 (7 September 2021)
Authors: Ngwenyama Lerato Rudolph
Published: November 2023

This case note highlights the importance of access to electricity for occupiers under the Extension of Security of Tenure Act 62 of 1997 (hereafter ESTA). More importantly, the case note questions whose responsibility it is to provide ESTA occupiers with access to electricity on farmland. Moreover, it will comment on whether the Land Claims Court (hereafter LCC) got the decision right (or not). Furthermore, it provides a comment on whether the right to human dignity in section 5 of ESTA requires a dwelling on rural or peri-urban land to have access to electricity. It will also comment on whether the Sibanyoni judgment was progressive (or not) and why. The conclusion is that access to electricity is essential in modern life to enjoy adequate living conditions. A dwelling without electricity deprives an ESTA occupier of benefits such as utilising electric equipment, which is necessary for daily living. ESTA occupiers are unable to use stoves, which are crucial and safe for cooking. They are also not able to have lights, which are useful to deter criminality in their dwellings. Very importantly, ESTA occupiers' human dignity would be violated or denied to them by refusing to install electricity in their dwellings. The state therefore has a positive obligation to provide ESTA occupiers with access to electricity. Private landowners have only a negative obligation to refrain from impairing ESTA occupiers' right to access to electricity by not unreasonably refusing consent to have electricity installed by the state. The Sibanyoni judgment was progressive, among other reasons because it permitted an ESTA occupier to have electricity installed on his dwelling without the consent of the private landowner.
Judicial Review of the Enforcement of Sectional Title Rules: Administrative Action or Common-Law Review? Trustees for the time being of the Legacy Body Corporate v Bae Estates and Escapes (Pty) Ltd
Authors: Pienaar Gerrit
Published: November 2023

In Bae Estates and Escapes (Pty) Ltd v Trustees for the time being of the Legacy Body Corporate 2020 4 SA 514 (WCC) the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) considered a resolution by the trustees of a sectional title scheme that an estate agent Bae Estates and Escapes was not allowed to enter or exercise any economic activities in the scheme. The resolution was based on a conduct rule which enabled the trustees to disallow specific estate agents to sub-let units in the scheme on a short-term basis. The Western Cape Division of the High Court found that the resolution was unlawful, wrong, procedurally unfair and arbitrary and therefore reviewable. The High Court considered two requirements of the definition of "administrative action" in the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act 3 of 2000 (PAJA) and held that the resolution of the trustees constituted administrative action in terms of PAJA and was as such reviewable under PAJA.
On appeal the Supreme Court of Appeal considered whether the trustees' conduct should be considered an administrative act reviewable under PAJA or alternatively be reviewed under the common law in terms of section 33 of the Constitution. After analysing the three requirements of administrative action to determine whether the conduct of the trustees had to be determined under PAJA, the SCA held that the conduct of the trustees did not fulfil any of these requirements and reviewed their conduct under the common law.
In this case note the three requirements for administrative action are discussed in view of the special nature of the body corporate and the rules of a sectional title scheme. The body corporate is a statutory juristic person that is automatically established on the opening of a sectional title register and therefore not consensual in nature, like common law clubs, companies or retirement schemes. Furthermore, its rules are regarded as the product of the quasi-legislative function of a statutory body, which rules must be approved by the Ombud Service for Community Schemes before the opening of the sectional title register. Although the outcome of the judgment would have been the same, the juridical basis would have been more accurate if the SCA had taken into consideration the special nature of a sectional title scheme, which brings the conduct of the trustees within the ambit of administrative action under PAJA.
Getting Ahead of the 'Game': The Reclassification of Wild Animals Contained in Protected Areas as Res Publicae"
Authors: Snyman Inge , Bothma Frank Philip
Published: November 2023

The common law "escape rule" determines that if a wild animal escapes from its controlled environment and reverts to its natural state of freedom, it is res nullius and may be acquired by another party by occupatio. To place the owners of game in a more favourable position when their game escapes from its enclosure, the aforementioned common law rule was amended by the Game Theft Act 105 of 1991 (GTA). Sections of the Game Theft Act 105 of 1991 came under discussion in Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency v Medbury (Pty) Ltd (Wildlife Ranching South Africa amicus curiae) 2016 4 SA 457 (ECG) and later in Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency v Medbury (Pty) Ltd t/a Crown River Safari 2018 4 SA 206 (SCA). Two separate issues came before the courts. First, whether a certificate in terms of section 2(2)(a) of the GTA is a prerequisite for the operation of section (2)(1)(a) of the GTA; and second, whether the common law must be developed to provide that wild animals that are sufficiently contained in a protected area managed by an organ of state charged with the management thereof in terms of relevant nature conservation legislation in order to promote conservation, are res publicae owned by such organ of state. Neither one of the cases thoroughly considered the second issue before the court. Therefore, the purpose of this contribution is to investigate the possibility of developing the common law to provide that wild animals that are sufficiently contained in a protected area managed by an organ of state charged with the management thereof in terms of relevant nature conservation legislation in order to promote conservation are res publicae owned by such organ of state. In Roman Law res publicae were classified as public things that were out of commerce and intended for public use. They are often referred to as state property, but they belong to the entire civil community and their common interests in these things are safeguarded by the state. This proposed development bears some resemblance to the international environmental law principle known as the public trust doctrine. The public trust doctrine determines that a country's sovereign acts as the guardian of the public interest in natural resources by holding them in trust for the benefit of the nation as a whole. The article provides a theoretical analysis of the proposed development of the common law by exploring (a) the significance of biodiversity conservation and protected areas in South Africa; (b) the application of the GTA in the context of protected areas; (c) the concepts of res nullius, res publicae and the public trust doctrine and (d) the development of the common law in South Africa.
Laudatio for Prof Willemien du Plessis
Authors: Steenkamp Rochine Melandri
Published: November 2023

Tribute to Professor Willemien du Plessis.
Laudatio for Prof Willemien du Plessis
Authors: Fuo Oliver
Published: November 2023

Tribute to Professor Willemien du Plessis.
AN ANALYSIS OF RIGHTS OFFERS: THEIR ADVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKS
Authors: Maleka Femida Cassim
Published: November 2023

A rights offer is a useful mechanism for raising fresh corporate finance, particularly for a listed company with a wide shareholder base. The regulation of rights offers in South African law is critically analysed in this article. This is followed by a comparative analysis of rights issues in the United Kingdom and in Australian law. The advantages and drawbacks of rights issues in practice are also discussed, with reference to recent rights offers launched by prominent JSE-listed companies.
Characterization of traffic accidents for urban road safety
Authors: Espinoza-Mina Marcos Antonio , Colina-Vargas Alejandra Mercedes
Published: November 2023

Transit crashes are a serious social problem for any country, with a significant loss of human lives and economic consequences that are difficult to quantify. This article proposes a characterization of the transit crash rate for urban road safety using time series. A quantitative descriptive study was conducted, characterizing the variables of each crash extracted from the National Traffic Agency of Ecuador (NTA); the data were processed at a descriptive and predictive level for the city of Guayaquil. The first step was an exploration of the scientific interest of the topic with the processing of bibliographic data taken from Scopus and Web of Science articles. Among the results obtained, there is a growing trend of research related to the evaluation of traffic crash through applied statistics. Every day, approximately 155 people die as a result of a traffic crash. In addition, traffic crashes are analyzed based on three indicators: number of crashes, injuries and onsite fatalities. Finally, an adequate performance is found, with very few differences in the forecast of incidents using three times series models, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). It is expected that this study will be valuable for data analysts and decision makers at the security level to reduce human losses related to these events in urban cities with similar characteristics to the analyzed cases.
Elementos constitutivos de una universidad saludable: Una Perspectiva de la comunidad de la Universidad del Valle
Authors: Burgos Dávila Delia , Medina Zapata Heidy , Potes Morales Lina Yurany
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Una universidad que promueve la salud busca fomentar una cultura del cuidado de la misma, de su calidad de vida y del bienestar en su comunidad. Este estudio analiza la perspectiva de la comunidad universitaria en torno a conceptos relacionados con una universidad saludable.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio exploratorio de tipo transversal en la Universidad del Valle, universidad pública ubicada en Cali, Valle del Cauca, al suroccidente de Colombia. En marzo y mayo de 2021 se realizó la encuesta "Conceptos de salud y elementos constitutivos para la formulación de una política institucional universitaria promotora de salud". La población objetivo fue la comunidad universitaria, integrada por profesores, estudiantes y personal administrativo. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la técnica de segmentación por conglomerados en dos etapas y el estudio de los componentes principales.
Resultados: El número total de participantes fue de 1435, con edad media de 29 años. La mayoría de los participantes escogieron el significado de salud en función de "comer sano y equilibrado" y "sentirse bien con uno mismo la mayor parte del tiempo". El concepto seleccionado para definir una universidad promotora de la salud fue "aquella que trabaja por una cultura del cuidado de la salud mediante intervenciones sociales y medioambientales dirigidas a mejorar la calidad de vida". Por otra parte, se escogió "una educación de calidad, inclusiva y equitativa" como elemento constitutivo fundamental de una política universitaria promotora de la salud.
Conclusiones: Se observó que la perspectiva de los participantes pasó de enforcarse en los imaginarios biologistas de la salud tradicional hacia conceptos de salud integral, dando relevancia notable a la salud mental, lo cual es consistente con los postulados de la OMS y su plan de acción en temas de salud mental para 2013-2030
Ingesta dietética y patrón alimentario de las mujeres en periodo de gestación y lactancia de los pueblos indígenas de Colombia. Problemática que requiere urgente atención
Authors: Correa Guzmán Nathalia , Sepúlveda Herrera Diana María , Restrepo Mesa Sandra Lucía , Cárdenas Sánchez Diana Liseth , Mendoza Uribe Andrés Felipe , Manjarrés Correa Luz Mariela
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Analizar el patrón alimentario y el riesgo de deficiencia en la ingesta usual de energía y nutrientes de las mujeres gestantes y lactantes de algunos pueblos indígenas.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal, con información del componente de ingesta dietética tomada del Estudio nacional de la situación alimentaria y nutricional de los pueblos indígenas de Colombia, realizado entre 2013 y 2019, que incluyó 1028 mujeres indígenas gestantes (319) y lactantes (709), de las regiones norte y sur del país.
Resultados: Se encontró una proporción superior al 90 % (Desviación estándar = 0,04) de gestantes y lactantes con consumo inferior al recomendado de calorías (p = 0,038). Alrededor del 70 % de las gestantes y lactantes no consumió lácteos el día anterior a la encuesta, y 50 % no consumió frutas y verduras. Con respecto a los micronutrientes, se encontraron, en las gestantes y lactantes, altas prevalencias del riesgo de deficiencia en la ingesta de vitamina C (50,3 y 80,2 %), folatos (80,4 y 95,1 %), zinc (87,6 y 96,3 %), hierro (88,9 y 68,6 %) y calcio (87,5 y 98,5 %).
Conclusión: El consumo de alimentos y nutrientes en las mujeres indígenas gestantes y lactantes es deficiente en nutrientes claves para mantener su estado de salud y proporcionar los nutrientes necesarios a su bebé, y su patrón alimentario se clasifica como no saludable.
Dental anxiety before the first step and after the second step of periodontitis therapy
Authors: Sanabria-Bogantes Daniela , Redondo-Gómez Katherine , Artavia-Segura Johnny , Torres-Venegas José Andrés , Cubillo-Vargas Antonio , Solórzano-Duarte Dylan , Piedra-Hernández Lucía , Gómez-Fernández Adrián , Ramírez Karol
Published: November 2023

Introducción: las personas que experimentan Ansiedad al tratamiento Dental (AD) pueden evitar las citas odontológicas e incluso posponer los tratamientos, incluyendo el tratamiento periodontal. El objetivo de este estudio fue 1) determinar la AD en pacientes con periodontitis antes del primer paso y después del segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis (tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico) y 2) recopilar características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población estudiada. Métodos: se invitó a participar a pacientes con periodontitis que nunca habían recibido instrumentación subgingival, que asistían a la Clínica de Periodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Del expediente electrónico se obtuvo la siguiente información: estadio periodontal, Índice de Placa (PI) e Índice de Sangrado Gingival (ISG). Se aplicó un cuestionario antes del primer paso y después del segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis. Los datos recolectados incluyeron: factores sociodemográficos, hábitos de tabaquismo, condición de exfumador, dolor y la Escala de Ansiedad Dental de Corah Modificada (MDAS). Resultados: 51 pacientes completaron el estudio, 19 hombres y 32 mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 46 ± 11,16 años. La mayoría de los participantes refirió haber terminado la enseñanza media (37,3%). En cuanto al hábito de fumado, el 46% de los participantes eran no fumadores. De los no fumadores, el 7,8% eran exfumadores. El dolor máximo del paciente en el último mes disminuyó después de completar el segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis (p=0,002). El diagnóstico periodontal más prevalente fue el Estadio III seguido del Estadio II. El PI medio fue del 61,4 % y el GBI medio fue del 39,5 %. El miedo al sonido de los instrumentos rotatorios y los raspadores ultrasónicos mejoró después del tratamiento periodontal. La AD se redujo en comparación con el valor inicial, según la puntuación total del MDAS y para todas las sub-puntuaciones del MDAS. Conclusión: la autopercepción de la AD mejoró en el trascurso del tratamiento periodontal en nuestro entorno clínico.
Палинология малых озёр Дарвинского заповедника (Молого-шекснинская низменность, озеро Мотыкино)
Authors:   Московский государственный университет им. Ломоносова, Камыгина А.В. , Ершова Е.Г. ,   Череповецкий государственный университет
Published: November 2023

Молого-Шекснинская низменность (МШН) – важный регион для исследования последней стадии позднеледникового периода. Наибольший интерес представляют отложения приледниковых водоёмов, образовавшиеся в результате таяния ледникового щита [2]. Однако хронология изменений растительного покрова в центральной части МШН в период между окончанием последнего оледенения и началом голоцена мало изучена [1]. Озеро Мотыкино расположено на севере Восточно-Европейской равнины на высоте 104 м н.у.м. (Вологодская обл., Дарвинский заповедник). Оно относится к малым реликтовым озёрам, сохранившимся после дегляциации покровного оледенения [2], площадь составляет 0,023 км², а средняя глубина – 3 м. Керны были извлечены полуцилиндрическим буром (диаметр 5 см, длина 1 м) со льда. Общая мощность вскрытых отложений – 241 см. Получены две радиоуглеродные датировки (5 см – 400 л.н.; 80 см – 5500 л.н.). Для спорово-пыльцевого анализа были взяты образцы через каждые 10 см. По предварительным палеопалинологическим данным прослеживается 5 палинозон. 1 зона (241-190 см) – тундро-степное сообщество с преобладанием травянистых растений: злаки, полынь, вересковые кустарнички и маревые. Присутствует характерная для последнего периода позднеледниковья ель. 2 зона (190-120 см) – светлый берёзовый лес. Возрастает количество пыльцы берёзы, появляется небольшое количество сосны и лещины и исчезает ель. Доля трав сокращается. Присутствует пыльца кувшинки, что свидетельствует о наличии вблизи открытого водоёма. 3 зона (120-80 см) – широколиственный лес. Снижается доля берёзы и степных трав, более явными становятся луговые таксоны. Возрастает количество пыльцы вяза, дуба, лещины, липы и особенно ольхи; пыльцы хвойных очень мало. Появление спор сфагнума указывает на начало заболачивания. 4 зона (80-10 см) – хвойно-широколиственный лес. Появляется клён, снижается доля берёзы и увеличивается количество злаков, полыни, ели и сосны. Рост числа спор сфагнума свидетельствует о дальнейшем заболачивании. 5 зона (10-0 см) характеризуется увеличением доли берёзы, сосны и трав, постепенным исчезновением широколиственных пород и ели, что может указывать на начало вырубки коренных лесов. Количество спор сфагнума продолжает расти.
Multiparametric immunohistochemical analysis in cancer diagnosis (literary review)
Authors: Nabiev I. R. , Baryshnikova M. A. , Sokolova Z. A. , Sokolov P. M. , Karaulov A. V.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Multiparametric comparative analysis of clinical and molecular genetic biomarkers of malignant tumors has strong diagnostic and prognostic potentials and is a prerequisite for the development of personalized medicine. This approach makes it possible not only to simultaneously detect the expression of several tumor biomarkers, but also to obtain data on their spatial distribution in tissues examined, as well as to estimate the mutual location of tumor cells and tumor microenvironment expressing specific biomarkers. Thus, multiparametric immunohistochemical analysis (IHCA), which allows not only confirming the specific disease, but also carrying out 3D imaging of biopsy specimens and analyzing the spatial organization of tumor tissue, as well as the expression rates of biomarkers at the level of individual cells, opens wide prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Aim. Systematizing data on the potential of multiparametric IHCA for cancer diagnosis and development of the personalized approach to cancer therapy.

Results. Multiparametric IHCA allows estimating the heterogeneity of the tumor at the level of molecular subtypes, as well as the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. These data make it possible to predict tumor development, determine its metastatic potential, and select an effective strategy for individual therapy.

Conclusion. This review analyzes the use of multiparametric IHCA for the detection of malignant tumors and shows its high potential for the differentiation of tumors and the study of tumor microenvironment. This ensures effective selection of the therapeutic strategy and accurate assessment of the response to therapy.
Innate immunity cells in a model of acute psoriasis-like inflammation in mice
Authors: Akhmatova E. A. , Sorokina E. V. , IShubina I. Zh. , Kurbatova E. A. , Stolpnikova V. N. , Kalinichenko E. O. , Bisheva I. V. , Skhodova S. A.
Published: November 2023

Background. Experimental animal models of psoriasis helped to clarify the functions of inflammatory mediators, to reveal the contribution of innate or adaptive immune mechanisms, keratinocytes to the development and maintenance of inflammation in psoriasis.

Aim. To study the subpopulation composition of immune cells of blood, skin, lymphoid organs and compare two methods of isolation of cells from the skin.

Materials and methods. The study included 46 mice of the C57BL / 6 line, which were divided into 2 groups: experimental (n = 24) to reproduce a model of acute psoriasis-like dermatitis using imiquimod cream 5 % (62.5 mg / cm2 / day / mouse, 7 days) and control (n = 22). The severity of skin inflammation was assessed on a point scale. On the 7th day, the skin, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus were examined. To isolate cells from the skin, the method of spontaneous migration and enzymatic dissociation using collagenase was used. The assessment of the subpopulation structure of mononuclear cells (MNCs) was carried out by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies against the corresponding antigens (CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, MHC class II, TCRyδ, CD38, CD80, CD83, CD86, TLR2). Statistical processing was carried out using the winMDI 2.8 software package.

Results. It has been shown that both methods of isolation of skin cells are applicable for immunophenotyping of γδ T-lymphocytes, CD86+, CD83+, CD83+CD86+ dendritic cells. A decrease in TLR2 expression on blood cells and an increase in lymph node and skin cells were revealed. There was a marked increase in the number of CD38+ in the lymph nodes, thymus, and an increase in γδ T-lymphocytes in the lymph nodes and blood. The infiltration of γδ T-lymphocytes, CD8+ is shown in the skin and CD38+ cells.

Conclusion. Acute psoriasis-like inflammation of mice was accompanied by an increase in the number of γδ T cells in the blood, lymph nodes and skin. Infiltration of the skin by CD8+ and CD38+ cells was observed. Both methods of cell isolation – the method of spontaneous migration and the method of enzymatic dissociation proved to be applicable for further immunophenotyping.
Modeling the release of vinpocetine from microcapsules based on sodium alginate and chitosan by molecular dynamics
Authors: Polkovnikova Yu. A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. when developing the composition of drugs, an actual direction is the use of computer modeling methods, including the methods of molecular dynamics (MD), which significantly expanded the possibilities of chemistry, providing spatial and temporal resolution that is inaccessible in experiments.Aim. To simulation of the release of vinpocetine from sodium alginate with a shell of chitosan into solvent media by the method of MD to determine the characteristics of computer simulation, which makes it possible to obtain microcapsules with desired biopharmaceutical properties. Materials and methods. To simulate the release of vinpocetine from sodium alginate with a shell of chitosan, the MD method in the GROMOS 54a7 force field was used using the Gromacs 2019 program. Using the HyperChem 8.0.1 program, the molecules of the components of the simulated systems were constructed. The models were parameterized using the Internet service Automated Topology Builder (http://atb.uq.edu.au/).Results. Based on the results of MD modeling, the van der waals interaction energies of vinpocetine with sodium alginate (alginic acid), with chitosan (chitosan-cation) and with a solvent in terms of 1 molecule of vinpocetine were calculated. The fractions of vinpocetine molecules not bound to the polymer were also calculated. It has been established that the average values of the energy of the van der waals interaction between vinpocetine and the solvent in an acidic medium are lower than in a neutral medium. Also, in an acidic environment, in contrast to a neutral environment, a slight release of vinpocetine is observed.Conclusion. In the course of the experiment, it was found that at pH 2.0, chitosan dissolves in an aqueous medium and a slight release of vinpocetine from alginic acid into an aqueous solution of chitosan is observed (the average proportion of vinpocetine molecules not associated with sodium alginate (alginic acid) and chitosan is 2.16 ± 2.33 %), the release of vinpocetine into water at pH 6.8 is not observed.
DIGITALIZATION OF LABOUR AS A MODERN VECTOR OF CHANGES IN THE SOCIAL AND LABOUR SPHERE
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Tkachuk А.V.
Published: November 2023

The processes of digitalization of labour, which are currently taking place under the influence of the development and spread of digital technologies, are causing rapid changes in the social and labor sphere, primarily related to the development of digital skills of personnel and an even greater strengthening of the role of human capital and human creativity. The purpose of the article is to study theoretical approaches to the substantive interpretation of the economic category "digitalization of labour", and also to characterize the processes and changes taking place in the labor sphere in the context of the spread of digital technologies. For this purpose, using general scientific and special methods, a study of the substance of the categories of "digitalization" and "digitalization of labour" was carried out (historical and logical method), to identify the factors that contribute to the spread of digital technologies and cause modern changes in the field of labor, as well as to identify and characterize changes in the social and labor sphere that occur in the context of digitalization (classification and analytical method), to illustrate the studied socio-economic phenomena and processes, graphic analytics were used. It is determined that the spread of digital technologies in the field of labor is facilitated primarily by such factors as: globalization processes; technological development, increase in the level of robotization and automation of production processes; higher level of mobility of modern personnel, change in their expectations regarding the content of labour and its organization; development of creative industries. Characterizing the processes in the social and labor sphere that are taking place in the context of digitalization, it is possible to identify, first of all, changes in the traditional division of labour, methods and forms of employment, increased mobility of people of working age, strengthening the role of human capital, and its understanding as a determining factor of production.
ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONING INDICATORS OF THE UKRAINIAN BANKING SYSTEM AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gorobinska I. , Nazarenko I. ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nakonechna S. ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to analysing and assessing the dynamics of the banking system functioning in Ukraine in 2020-2022, identifying existing problems and outlining prospects for its development. Setting this goal necessitated solving the following tasks: conducting a fundamental analysis regarding the general state of the banking system; assessing the capitalization of the banking sector and the level of financial resources; and substantiating the prospects for the development of the banking system in Ukraine. The research methodology is based on a set of methods of scientific cognition: structural and statistical analysis – to assess the overall development of the banking system; comparison – to compare the indicators of the Ukrainian bank system development with the relevant indicators of the EU; scientific abstraction and systematic approach – in the process of substantiating the prospects for the development of the bank system in Ukraine. The study found that the assets of the banking sector are insufficient and its resources are limited, according to the indicators of the functioning of the Ukrainian banking system. The study identifies the main problems of the Ukrainian banking system, including high credit risk, poor quality loan portfolios and their impairment, insufficient competition among banking institutions, insufficient efficiency in deposit portfolio formation, significant number of non-performing loans, etc. Based on the analysis and taking into account the identified problems, perspective directions for the functioning of the Ukrainian banking system were identified, such as relaxation of regulatory requirements of the National Bank of Ukraine; improvement of the quality of management; promotion of further growth of public confidence in domestic banks; improvement of depositors’ protection mechanisms; stimulation of affordable lending; increase of banks’ capitalization; introduction and development of the latest technologies for making bank payments; development of cyber security, etc.
DETERMINATION OF CURRENT NEEDS OF COMBAT PARTICIPANTS (UBD) AS THE BASIS OF THEIR EFFECTIVE SOCIAL PROTECTION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Grishnova Olena , Samoliuk Natalia ,   National University of Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine, Roshchyk Iryna ,   National University of Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The article discloses the methodology and presents the results of the study of the actual needs of the participants in hostilities with the aim of finding the most rational ways and effective tools to meet these needs. The purpose of the work is to find ways to primarily meet the urgent needs of the UBD in the following main areas: medical care and restoration of physical health; psychological help and rehabilitation; provision of housing (a plot of land); the field of labor relations; material security; education and professional development; legal aid; public respect and recognition, etc., through the use of existing and creation of new social protection tools. With the help of the author's sociological expert survey, the main problems that UBDs are already facing are identified and what UBD needs are urgent and priority; whether the social protection tools guaranteed by the legislation meet the needs of the UDB; to what extent are UBDs informed about social protection tools? It was found that the most relevant needs for UBD are: psychological help and rehabilitation; medical assistance and restoration of physical health; in housing/land provision; employment; material support.The most important needs of the UBD, in the implementation of which there are problems, are the restoration of physical and mental health, the solution of which requires the improvement and expansion of the medical infrastructure. It is very important to improve the organization of social protection, which involves simplification and transparency of its procedures and tools. UDBs are informed about social protection tools for meeting their needs by an average of 40%, which indicates the need to intensify efforts to personally inform UBDs when released to the reserve.