bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Transfer Learning for COVID-19 Prediction: Case Study for Limited Data Problems
Authors: Albahli Saleh , Albattah Waleed
Published: November 2020

Objective:

Automatic prediction of COVID-19 using deep convolution neural networks
based pre-trained transfer models and Chest X-ray images.

Methods:

This research employs the advantages of computer vision and medical image analysis to
develop an automated model that has the clinical potential for early detection of the disease. Using
Deep Learning models, the research aims at evaluating the effectiveness and accuracy of different
convolutional neural networks models in the automatic diagnosis of COVID-19 from X-ray images
as compared to diagnosis performed by experts in the medical community.

Result:

Due to the fact that the dataset available for COVID-19 is still limited, the best model to
use is the InceptionNetV3. Performance results show that the InceptionNetV3 model yielded the
highest accuracy of 98.63% (with data augmentation) and 98.90% (without data augmentation)
among the three models designed. However, as the dataset gets bigger, the Inception ResNetV2
and NASNetlarge will do a better job of classification. All the performed networks tend to over-fit
when data augmentation is not used, this is due to the small amount of data used for training and
validation.

Conclusion:

A deep transfer learning is proposed to detecting the COVID-19 automatically from
chest X-ray by training it with X-ray images gotten from both COVID-19 patients and people with
normal chest X-rays. The study is aimed at helping doctors in making decisions in their clinical
practice due its high performance and effectiveness, the study also gives an insight to how transfer
learning was used to automatically detect the COVID-19.
Design, Characterization and Clinical Evaluation of Curcumin Dental Film for the Treatment of Periodontitis
Authors: Samal Himansu B. , Patra Ch. Niranjan , Boyeena Lavanya , Sreenivas S. A. , Das Itishree Jogamaya
Published: November 2020

Background::

Periodontitis is one of the most widespread oral diseases. Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa has a great potential for biological and pharmacological activities. The introduction of local controlled delivery of curcumin directly into the periodontal pocket is a promising approach for the treatment of periodontitis.

Objective::

The study has been designed to formulate intrapocket dental film loaded with curcumin to be used for insertion into the periodontal pockets and evaluate its clinical efficacy.

Methods::

Curcumin dental films were prepared by the solvent casting technique using polymers such as Ethylcellulose, HPMC K4M, Eudragit RL 100, Chitosan with Dibutyl Phthalate and Poly Ethylene Glycol 400 as the plasticizer. The prepared films (CDF1-CDF16) were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters employing established pharmaceutical procedures such as surface pH, folding endurance, tensile strength, swelling index, drug content, in-vitro drug release, antibacterial efficacy, stability studies, and clinical efficacy.

Results::

Experimental parameters of the obtained film exhibited results within the desired limit. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry studies revealed the formulated film to be stable during drug stability and compatible between drugs and excipients. The surface morphology of the formulation using Scanning Electron Microscope images showed the presence of free drug particles on the surface, causing a burst effect at the desired site. In-vitro dissolution studies showed an initial burst release to achieve an immediate therapeutic level of drug in the periodontal pocket followed by a progressive fall and extended-release of the drug for 10 days. The therapeutics effects, such as antibacterial activity of films on P. gingivalis, were also observed. Furthermore, the clinical trials of formulation CDF16 on affected patients proved the therapeutic efficacy of the dental films showing a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the clinical markers of periodontitis, i.e. periodontal probing depth, plaque index, and sulcular bleeding index.

Conclusion::

The experimental results suggest that Curcumin dental film can be experimentally identified as a potential drug delivery device. Hence, curcumin dental film can be used for topical treatment of periodontal diseases and to achieve optimum therapeutic efficacy.
Development of Antibacterial Xanthan/Chitosan Biguanidine Hydrochloride Polyelectrolyte Complexes Decorated with Eco-friendly Prepared Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Salama Hend Ezzat , Abdel Aziz Mohamed Samir
Published: November 2020

Background:

Novel eco-friendly silver nanocomposites of xanthan/chitosan biguanidine
hydrochloride polyelectrolyte complexes were successfully prepared.

Methods:

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were formed through an insitu eco-friendly reduction by the
non-toxic polysaccharides without the usage of toxic reagents. FTIR confirmed the successful preparation
of the nanocomposites while XRD confirmed the presence of AgNPs with face-centered cubic
structures. TEM confirmed the homogeneous distribution of AgNPs with an average size of 14.1 nm.
SEM was used to study the surface morphology of the nanocomposites while the energy-dispersive
X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the presence of AgNPs.

Results:

Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability was improved in the presence
of AgNPs as detected from the calculated integral procedure decomposition temperature. Antibacterial
activity against different bacteria species was significantly improved upon increasing the content
of AgNPs.

Conclusion:

Due to their interesting properties, the prepared polyelectrolyte complexes and their
AgNPs nanocomposites could be employed potentially in many biomedical applications like drug delivery.
Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of POSS Coated CNTs Reinforced Expancel Foam Core Sandwich Structures
Authors: Jones Wanda , Sapkota Bedanga , Simpson Brian , Hassan Tarig A. , Jeelani Shaik , Rangari Vijaya
Published: November 2020

Background:

Sandwich structures are progressively being used in various engineering
applications due to the superior bending-stiffness-to-weight ratio of these structures. We adapted a
novel technique to incorporate carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes
(POSS) into a sandwich composite structure utilizing a sonochemical and high temperature
vacuum assisted resin transfer molding technique.

Objective:

The objective of this work was to create a sandwich composite structure comprising of a
nanophased foam core and reinforced nanophased face sheets, and to examine the thermal and mechanical
properties of the structure. To prepare the sandwich structure, POSS nanoparticles were
sonochemically attached to CNTs and dispersed in a high temperature resin system to make the
face sheet materials and also coated on expandable thermoplastic microspheres for the fabrication
of foam core materials.

Methods:

The nanophased foam core was fabricated with POSS infused thermoplastic microspheres
(Expancel) using a Tetrahedron MTP-14 programmable compression molder. The reinforced
nanophased face sheet was fabricated by infusing POSS coated CNT in epoxy resin and
then curing into a compression stainless steel mold.

Result:

Thermal analysis of POSS-infused thermoplastic microspheres foam (TMF) showed an increase
in thermal stability in both nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres, 19% increase in thermal residue
were observed for 4 wt% GI-POSS TMF compared to neat TMF. Quasi-static compression results
indicated significant increases (73%) in compressive modulus, and an increase (5%) in compressive
strength for the 1 wt% EC-POSS/CNTs resin system. The nanophased sandwich structure
constructed from the above resin system and the foam core system displayed an increase (9%) in
modulus over the neat sandwich structure.

Conclusion:

The incorporation of POSS-nanofillier in the foam core and POSS-coated nanotubes in the face sheet significantly improved the thermal and mechanical properties of sandwich structure. Furthermore, the sandwich structure that was constructed from nanophased resin system showed an increase in modulus, with buckling in the foam core but no visible cracking.
5-Fluorouracil Loaded Orally Administered WGA-decorated Poly(lacticco- glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Pandey Aditya N. , Rajpoot Kuldeep , Jain Sunil K.
Published: November 2020

Background::

Several studies have suggested the potential aptitude of polylactic-co-glycolic
acid (PLGA)-derived nanoparticles (NPs) to improve the antitumor efficacy of anticancer
drugs against colon cancer. Further, conjugation of lectins over the surface of the NPs may ameliorate
interaction and thus enhance the attachment of NPs with receptors.

Objective::

The main goal of the study was to prepare and evaluate the targeting potential (in vivo)
of the optimized NPs against colorectal cancer.

Methods::

The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) loaded and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-conjugated PLGA-
NPs (WFUNPs) were prepared and then they were evaluated in vivo for targeting aptitude of
formulation using gamma scintigraphy after oral delivery. The WGA-conjugated and non-conjugated
optimized NPs were compared for any significant results. Further, optimized formulations were
also assessed for different parameters such as radiolabeling efficiency, sodium pertechnetate uptake,
stability of NPs, and organ distribution study.

Results::

Findings suggested prolonged retention of 99mTc-tagged WFUNPs in the colonic region after
24 h study. Eventually, the outcome from conjugated formulation revealed enhanced bioavailability
of the drug in blood plasma for up to 24 h.

Conclusion::

In conclusion, WGA-conjugation to NPs could improve the performance of the PLGA-
NPs in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Animación: entre relatos y técnicas
Authors:   Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano
Published: November 2020

Este libro es un esfuerzo colaborativo para evidenciar la necesidad y la enorme inquietud existente en investigar y reflexionar alrededor de la animación como fenómeno cultural y social. Los autores permiten develar diferentes miradas –tanto teóricas como geográficas– alrededor de uno de los aspectos más intrigantes para la humanidad: el poder de darle vida a las cosas, antropológicamente hablando, resumidas en el concepto del anima. En una revisión que en ocasiones roza lo político, en otras lo académico e histórico, y en otras lo tecnológico, se logra compilar un corpus de formas de pensamiento, abordajes y perspectivas alrededor de la animación en diferentes técnicas, formatos y escenarios. Lo anterior permite abrir el espectro en el sentido de ver la animación como una forma de conocimiento. El lector podrá darse el lujo de alejarse del estricto sentido mecanicista que a veces se le asigna al proceso de animar.
Differential effect of rice husk and xylan on feruloyl esterase activity in Penicillium rubens.
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Débora Elizabeth , Gil-Durán Carlos , Chávez-Rosales Renato , Garcia-Rico Ramon Ovidio
Published: November 2020

Objective. Analyzed the effect of xylan and rice husk as sole sources of carbon on the FAE activity and expression of faeA and faeB genes of Penicillium rubens (Wisconsin 54-1255), in submerged fermentation. Materials and methods. The fermentations were carried out for 24, 48, and 72 h (28°C/250 rpm), in flasks with a modified Sakamoto medium. FAE activity was determined using the synthetic substrate Ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate. The transcription of faeA and faeB was analyzed by RT-PCR. The PCR products were resolved by electrophoresis and analyzed by densitometry. Results. The analysis of gene expression showed that the use of xylan had a positive effect on the expression of both genes. The highest transcriptional activity of both faeA and faeB was detected at 48 h. On the other hand, rice husk showed negative results. The data obtained when the FAE activity was determined, supported the results observed in the gene expression analysis. Conclusion. Different from xylan the rice husk did not demonstrate an inducer effect on the feruloyl esterase activity in P. rubens.
Climate Cloud Model Forecast Verification-an Engineering Perspective
Authors:   Center for Space Research, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA, Hutchison Keith D , Iisager Barbara ,   Cloud Systems Research, LLC, Austin, TX, USA
Published: November 2020

The processes relevant to the verification of cloud forecasts generated by climate models are discussed from an engineering perspective. These processes include an assessment of cloud product requirements to be evaluated, the creation of a verification test plan including procedures and data to be analyzed, the development of independent sources of validation or truth datasets, and the quantitative comparisons between the cloud forecast products and the truth data needed to establish model performance. The engineering perspective means minimal effort is focused on assessing the veracity of the physics contained in the cloud forecast model, rather emphasis is upon evaluating the results produced by it. It is postulated that these procedures are critical to improve the reliability of climate model predictions. The World Meteorological Organization has stated accuracy requirements for cloud products created from satellite observations, through the Global Climate Observing System (GSOC) program; however, no similar requirements have been defined for cloud forecast products. A statement of accuracy requirements is urgently needed. Meanwhile, it is assumed herein that cloud observation and cloud forecast requirements are identical. The assessment of model performance exploits high quality, manually-generated cloud truth products created from remotely-sensed satellite data which serve as truth data. Results show clouds under-specified in reanalysis cloud datasets created for use to initialize climate models but an over-specification of clouds by the cloud forecast model, in short-range predictions. This system level analysis demonstrates the need to improve the accuracy of cloud forecasts, especially lower-level water clouds which are responsible for most of the uncertainty in climate model predictions.
Augmenting Critical Care Patient Monitoring Using Wearable Technology: Review of Usability and Human Factors
Authors: Andrade Evismar , Quinlan Leo , Harte Richard , Byrne Dara , Fallon Enda , Kelly Martina , Casey Siobhan , Kirrane Frank , O'Connor Paul , O'Hora Denis , Scully Michael , Laffey John , Pladys Patrick , Beuchée Alain , ÓLaighin Gearoid
Published: November 2020

Background

Continuous monitoring of the vital signs of critical care patients is an essential component of critical care medicine. For this task, clinicians use a patient monitor (PM), which conveys patient vital sign data through a screen and an auditory alarm system. Some limitations with PMs have been identified in the literature, such as the need for visual contact with the PM screen, which could result in reduced focus on the patient in specific scenarios, and the amount of noise generated by the PM alarm system. With the advancement of material science and electronic technology, wearable devices have emerged as a potential solution for these problems. This review presents the findings of several studies that focused on the usability and human factors of wearable devices designed for use in critical care patient monitoring.

Objective

The aim of this study is to review the current state of the art in wearable devices intended for use by clinicians to monitor vital signs of critical care patients in hospital settings, with a focus on the usability and human factors of the devices.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search of relevant databases was conducted, and 20 studies were identified and critically reviewed by the authors.

Results

We identified 3 types of wearable devices: tactile, head-mounted, and smartwatch displays. In most cases, these devices were intended for use by anesthesiologists, but nurses and surgeons were also identified as potentially important users of wearable technology in critical care medicine. Although the studies investigating tactile displays revealed their potential to improve clinical monitoring, usability problems related to comfort need to be overcome before they can be considered suitable for use in clinical practice. Only a few studies investigated the usability and human factors of tactile displays by conducting user testing involving critical care professionals. The studies of head-mounted displays (HMDs) revealed that these devices could be useful in critical care medicine, particularly from an ergonomics point of view. By reducing the amount of time the user spends averting their gaze from the patient to a separate screen, HMDs enable clinicians to improve their patient focus and reduce the potential of repetitive strain injury.

Conclusions

Researchers and designers of new wearable devices for use in critical care medicine should strive to achieve not only enhanced performance but also enhanced user experience for their users, especially in terms of comfort and ease of use. These aspects of wearable displays must be extensively tested with the intended end users in a setting that properly reflects the intended context of use before their adoption can be considered in clinical settings.
Effects of Erythropoietin Payment Policy on Cardiovascular Outcomes of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: Observational Study
Authors: Hou Ying-Hui , Yang Feng-Jung , Lai I-Chun , Lin Shih-Pi , Wan Thomas TH , Chang Ray-E
Published: November 2020

Background

The change in the reimbursement policy of erythropoietin administration to patients receiving peritoneal dialysis by the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) system provided a natural experimental venue to examine whether cardiovascular risk differs when maintaining the hematocrit (Hct) level below or above 30%.

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of loosening the erythropoietin payment criteria for peritoneal dialysis patients on their cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods

Two cohorts of incident peritoneal dialysis patients were identified according to the time before and after relaxation of the NHI’s erythropoietin payment criteria, designated cohort 1 (n=1759) and cohort 2 (n=2981), respectively. The cohorts were matched according to propensity scores (1754 patients in each cohort) and then followed up for cardiovascular events, which were analyzed with Cox regressions.

Results

For the composite cardiovascular endpoint, patients in cohort 2 had a significantly lower risk than those in cohort 1. However, subgroup analysis showed that this risk reduction was observed only in patients with diabetes.

Conclusions

After loosening erythropoietin payment criteria, reduced cardiovascular risks were observed, particularly for patients with diabetes. These results indicate that it is crucial to maintain an Hct level above 30% to reduce the cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Temporal Design Patterns for Digital Phenotype Cohort Selection in Critical Care: Systematic Literature Assessment and Qualitative Synthesis
Authors: Capurro Daniel , Barbe Mario , Daza Claudio , Santa Maria Josefa , Trincado Javier
Published: November 2020

Background

Inclusion criteria for observational studies frequently contain temporal entities and relations. The use of digital phenotypes to create cohorts in electronic health record–based observational studies requires rich functionality to capture these temporal entities and relations. However, such functionality is not usually available or requires complex database queries and specialized expertise to build them.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to systematically assess observational studies reported in critical care literature to capture design requirements and functionalities for a graphical temporal abstraction-based digital phenotyping tool.

Methods

We iteratively extracted attributes describing patients, interventions, and clinical outcomes. We qualitatively synthesized studies, identifying all temporal and nontemporal entities and relations.

Results

We extracted data from 28 primary studies and 367 temporal and nontemporal entities. We generated a synthesis of entities, relations, and design patterns.

Conclusions

We report on the observed types of clinical temporal entities and their relations as well as design requirements for a temporal abstraction-based digital phenotyping system. The results can be used to inform the development of such a system.
Extremity risk factors of sepsis for the pre-transplant evaluation of gastrointestinal endoscopy on waiting list of living donor liver transplantation (Preprint)
Authors: Chan YiChia , Lin Chih-Che , Chen Chao-Long , Wang Chih-Chi , Yong Chee-Chien , Chiu King-Wah , Wu Keng-Liang
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Surveys for extrahepatic malignancy are recommended before transplantation. Upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is performed to exclude malignancy in cirrhotic patients before living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in our center. However, sepsis occurs in some patients after elective endoscopy.

OBJECTIVE

We reported the incidence and risk factors for sepsis associated with GI endoscopy.

METHODS

This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 642 adult recipients who underwent endoscopy from 2008 to 2016. We analyzed the incidence and risk factors of post-endoscopy sepsis during 2008-2012 (experience cohort). Our protocol changed after 2013 (validation cohort) to include prophylactic antibiotics for every LDLT candidate.

RESULTS

During 2008-2012 (experience cohort), 10.5% (36 cases) of the 342 LDLT candidates experienced sepsis within 48 hours after elective GI endoscopy. The sepsis rate was significantly higher in decompensated cirrhotic patients than in patients with Child-Pugh class A (22.2% vs. 9.6% vs. 2.6% in Child C/B/A groups respectively; x2= 20.97, P <.001). According to a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the factors related to post-endoscopy sepsis were the Child-Pugh score (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.24-1.71), Child-Pugh classes B and C (OR 3.80 and 14.13; 95% CI 1.04-13.95 and 3.97-50.23, respectively), hepatic hydrothorax (OR 4.85; 95% CI 1.37-17.20), and antibiotic prophylaxis (OR 0.08; 95% CI 0.01-0.64). After 2013 (validation cohort), antibiotics were given routinely, and all cases of hepatic hydrothorax (n=10) were drained if present prior to endoscopy. As a result, 4 (1.3%) episodes of sepsis occurred among 300 LDLT candidates, and the incidence was significantly lower than before (1.3% vs. 10.5%, P <.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with decompensated cirrhosis and hepatic hydrothorax have higher risk of sepsis related to GI endoscopy. In cases of elective GI endoscopy, antibiotic prophylaxis and drainage of hepatic hydrothorax may be required to prevent sepsis in advanced cirrhotic patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

this is a retrospective study, approved by our hospital IRB(no. 201800328B0)
Using Unsupervised Machine Learning to Identify Age- and Sex-Independent Severity Subgroups Among Patients with COVID-19: Observational Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Benito-León Julián , del Castillo Mª Dolores , Estirado Alberto , Ghosh Ritwik , Dubey Souvik , Serrano J Ignacio
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Early detection and intervention are the key factors for improving outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this observational longitudinal study was to identify nonoverlapping severity subgroups (ie, clusters) among patients with COVID-19, based exclusively on clinical data and standard laboratory tests obtained during patient assessment in the emergency department.

METHODS

We applied unsupervised machine learning to a data set of 853 patients with COVID-19 from the HM group of hospitals (HM Hospitales) in Madrid, Spain. Age and sex were not considered while building the clusters, as these variables could introduce biases in machine learning algorithms and raise ethical implications or enable discrimination in triage protocols.

RESULTS

From 850 clinical and laboratory variables, four tests—the serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and the number of neutrophils—were enough to segregate the entire patient pool into three separate clusters. Further, the percentage of monocytes and lymphocytes and the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) distinguished cluster 3 patients from the other two clusters. The highest proportion of deceased patients; the highest levels of AST, ALT, LDH, and CRP; the highest number of neutrophils; and the lowest percentages of monocytes and lymphocytes characterized cluster 1. Cluster 2 included a lower proportion of deceased patients and intermediate levels of the previous laboratory tests. The lowest proportion of deceased patients; the lowest levels of AST, ALT, LDH, and CRP; the lowest number of neutrophils; and the highest percentages of monocytes and lymphocytes characterized cluster 3.

CONCLUSIONS

A few standard laboratory tests, deemed available in all emergency departments, have shown good discriminative power for the characterization of severity subgroups among patients with COVID-19.
Accountable Care Organizations and Spending for Patients Undergoing Long-Term Dialysis
Authors: Bakre Shivani , Hollingsworth John M. , Yan Phyllis L. , Lawton Emily J. , Hirth Richard A. , Shahinian Vahakn B.
Published: November 2020

Background and objectives

Despite representing 1% of the population, beneficiaries on long-term dialysis account for over 7% of Medicare’s fee-for-service spending. Because of their focus on care coordination, Accountable Care Organizations may be an effective model to reduce spending inefficiencies for this population. We analyzed Medicare data to examine time trends in long-term dialysis beneficiary alignment to Accountable Care Organizations and differences in spending for those who were Accountable Care Organization aligned versus nonaligned.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In this retrospective cohort study, beneficiaries on long-term dialysis between 2009 and 2016 were identified using a 20% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries. Trends in alignment to an Accountable Care Organization were compared with alignment of the general Medicare population from 2012 to 2016. Using an interrupted time series approach, we examined the association between Accountable Care Organization alignment and the primary outcome of total spending for long-term dialysis beneficiaries from prior to Accountable Care Organization implementation (2009–2011) through implementation of the Comprehensive ESRD Care model in October 2015. We fit linear regression models with generalized estimating equations to adjust for patient characteristics.

Results

During the study period, 135,152 beneficiaries on long-term dialysis were identified. The percentage of long-term dialysis beneficiaries aligned to an Accountable Care Organization increased from 6% to 23% from 2012 to 2016. In the time series analysis, spending on Accountable Care Organization–aligned beneficiaries was $143 (95% confidence interval, $5 to $282) less per beneficiary-quarter than spending for nonaligned beneficiaries. In analyses stratified by whether beneficiaries received care from a primary care physician, savings by Accountable Care Organization–aligned beneficiaries were limited to those with care by a primary care physician ($235; 95% confidence interval, $73 to $397).

Conclusions

There was a substantial increase in the percentage of long-term dialysis beneficiaries aligned to an Accountable Care Organization from 2012 to 2016. Moreover, in adjusted models, Accountable Care Organization alignment was associated with modest cost savings among long-term dialysis beneficiaries with care by a primary care physician.
MODEL KARTEL PARTIJE, TENDENCIJE KARTELIZACIJE POLITIKE I SRBIJA U UPOREDNOM KONTEKSTU
Authors: Mladenovic Nikola
Published: November 2020

Članak objašnjava model kartel partije i sagledava novije tendencije kartelizacije politike. Model kartel partije označava koluziju partija i njihovo srastavanje sa državom, a podstakao je značajan broj radova u skorije vreme. Ipak, analiza partijske politike u Srbiji kroz prizmu ovog modela je do sada izostala. Zato se članak bavi problemom da li su u srpskoj stranačkoj politici prisutni elementi kartelizacije, imajući u vidu uporedni kontekst. On se konkretno bavi otežanim uslovima ulaska na političko tržište za nove partije i odsustvom velikih ideoloških sukoba. Zaključuje da su primetne tipčne odlike kartelizacije. Novim strankama je ulazak na političko tržište izuzetno otežan u poređenju sa drugim višestranačkim sistemima. Dalje, stranke vlasti i opozicije se sukobljavaju oko sposobnosti i zasluga lidera, ali su veoma sličnih razmišljanja o politikama. Članak sugeriše nove pravce analize modela kartel partije.
NASTANAK KRIVIČNOG DELA UVREDE
Authors: Katancevic Andreja
Published: November 2020

Prema dominantnom mišljenju pravne romanistike, javni delikt koji je za zaštitni objekt imao čast, postojao je u rimskom pravu još u Zakonu dvanaest tablica, a kasnije je modifikovan Sulinom zakonodavnom reformom. Cilj rada je da preispita te stavove u svetlu sačuvanih izvora.
Rezultati pokazuju da nema svedočanstava o javnopravnoj zaštiti časti sve do Avgustovog vremena, kada je ona bila ograničena na najuglednije ličnosti imperije i to onda kada privatna tužba nije imala izgleda na uspeh. Pisanje uvredljivih pesama je u to vreme kažnjavano progonstvom iz Rima, a smrću najkasnije 365. godine, kada se o tome govori u konstituciji imperatora Valentinijana Prvi i Valensa. Mogućnost podizanja tužbe iz injurije criminaliter u rimskim izvorima javlja se tek 478. godini u odluci cara Zenona. Ona je bila dozvoljena samo onima koji spadaju u illustres, odnosno najvišim funkcionerima imperije i članovima njihovih porodica. Može se smatrati da je tek tad nastalo posebno krivično delo koje je za zaštitni objekt imalo čast, ali samo pripadnika najvišeg društvenog sloja.
Primenjeni metodi su jezičko, sistemsko i istorijsko tumačenje izvora.
PRIORITETI EU NA ZAPADNOM BALKANU I POLJSKI RAISON D’ETAT
Authors: Domaradzki Spasimir
Published: November 2020

Porast angažovanja Poljske na Zapadnom Balkanu je primetan. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da istraži kompatibilnost prioriteta EU u regionu i nacionalnih interesa Poljske. Ugrađen u koncept Raison D`Etat i realistički teorijski okvir, ovaj rad prati evoluciju pristupa EU i Poljske prema regionu u potrazi za nivoom simbioze između dva igrača. Autor istražuje strateški pristup EU prema Zapadnom Balkanu, prikazuje vremensku dinamiku poljskog uključivanja u region i upoređuje argumente iza strateške prirode Zapadnog Balkana. Nalazi prepoznaju uključivanje poljskih prioriteta u strategiju EU prema regionu. Međutim, još uvek postoji neizvesnost u kojoj meri je Zapadni Balkan uključen u najviše državne interese Poljske. Zapadni Balkan i dalje može postati žrtva unutrašnjih poljskih sukoba oko glavnih spoljnopolitičkih prioriteta. Kontinuitet angažovanja zakona i pravde sa regionom od strane vlade koja ne deluje u skladu sa zakonima i pravdom i očuvanje tempa angažovanja odrediće da li će Zapadni Balkan zaista postati deo poljske Raison D`Etat.
PARTICIPACIJA RODITELJA U PREVENCIJI I SUZBIJANJU ŠKOLSKOG I VRŠNJAČKOG NASILJA – MEĐUNARODNA ISKUSTVA I STANJE U SRBIJI
Authors: Grmusa Andrijana
Published: November 2020

Polazeći od Epštajn modela partnerskog odnosa škole i roditelja, u ovom radu se razmatraju međunarodna iskustva i stanje u obrazovno-vaspitnom sistemu Srbije u pogledu participacije roditelja u prevenciji i suzbijanju školskog i vršnjačkog nasilja. Međunarodna iskustva participacije pokazuju da su u školama, koje imaju manju rasprostranjenost nasilja, prisutni svi oblici participacije roditelja iz Epštajn modela, pri čemu najveći značaj imaju donošenje odluka, komunikacija i volontiranje. Obrazovno-vaspitni sistem Srbije kroz strateško opredeljenje, normativni okvir i program Škola bez nasilja nominalno omogućava roditeljima sve oblike participacije iz Epštajn modela, kako u radu škole generalno, tako u oblasti prevencije i suzbijanja nasilja konkretno. Međutim, primena tih mogućnosti je na niskom nivou u praksi, a školama u Srbiji nedostaju upravo oni oblici participacije koji su povezani sa manjom rasprostranjenošću nasilja. Uzroci takvog stanja su, s jedne strane sami roditelji, a sa druge određeni nedostaci u normativnom okviru. Nakon analize uzroka, u radu se na kraju navode i predlozi mogućih rešenja za unapređenje participacije roditelja.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DO LEITE IN NATURA DE PRODUTORES RURAIS DO VALE DO TAQUARI EM DIFERENTES ESTAÇÕES DO ANO
Authors: Pruana Schmidt Camila , Kniphoff da Silva Lawisch Gabriela , Maciel Mônica Jachetti
Published: November 2020

Devido ao alto valor nutritivo, o leite é um importante alimento na dieta humana, contendo várias enzimas naturais, ácidos graxos, vitaminas e minerais. Com a mudança das estações do ano e, consequentemente, da temperatura, os animais sofrem alterações hormonais que alteram a qualidade do leite produzido. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a qualidade do leite cru, realizando análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas, como crioscopia, acidez, pH, teste de alizarol, contagem de aeróbios mesófilos, psicrotróficos, termotolerantes e coliformes totais. As coletas foram realizadas em diferentes estações, em agosto e outubro, sendo meses com temperaturas amenas e elevadas, respectivamente. Não foi observada diferença entre os resultados obtidos nas análises realizadas em diferentes estações, sendo assim as alterações de temperatura não tiveram interferência na qualidade do leite cru deste estudo.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE AVALIAÇÕES FUNCIONAIS DE MEMBROS INFERIORES PRÉ E PÓS-PERÍODO DE PREPARAÇÃO EM ATLETAS DE VOLEIBOL FEMININO DE BASE
Authors: Battisti Bruna Schlabitz , Rother Rodrigo Lara
Published: November 2020

O voleibol de rendimento evoluiu em diversos aspectos e, um deles, é a exigência física, que chegou a um patamar que não envolve somente o desejo de jogar bem, mas sim, a soma de diversos requisitos associados às técnicas de treinamento. Em uma partida de voleibol acontecem de 250 a 300 atos motores, representados nos saltos, corridas e quedas. Esta gama variada de exigências, associada à desequilíbrios físicos e/ou posturais, pode levar o atleta a desenvolver algum tipo de lesão. O objetivo do presente estudo é comparar as avaliações funcionais realizadas no pré e pós período de preparação em uma equipe de voleibol de base feminina. A metodologia empregada caracteriza-se como quantitativa, descritiva e transversal, utilizando informações do banco de dados de uma equipe de voleibol feminino, que aplicou o Y Balance Test (YBT) em 12 atletas da categoria infanto juvenil. Os resultados foram tabulados em uma planilha Excel, na qual foi calculado o score composto, descritos por meio de média e desvio padrão, e comparados a partir do Teste T de Student pareado. A equipe obteve como média no período pré preparação o score composto para MID 96,37 (dp 5,26) e para MIE 97,62 (dp 6,25). Dentre as atletas avaliadas, apenas uma (8,33%) apresentou risco de lesão nas duas avaliações realizadas (pré-temporada e pós-preparação), 3,5 vezes maior que suas colegas de equipe, com valores de 87,81 para MID e 85,10 para MIE. Conclui-se que o risco de lesões da equipe avaliada é baixo e que as avaliações funcionais de pré e pós-preparação são fundamentais no auxílio à prevenção de lesões de membros inferiores no voleibol.
CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS PROCESSADOS E ULTRAPROCESSADOS POR PRATICANTES DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Lucca Stefanie Simonis , Conde Simara Rufatto
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A procura de uma vida saudável, escolhendo uma boa alimentação aliada à exercícios físicos é crescente nos grupos de pessoas preocupadas com sua estética e sua saúde. Mas mesmo que haja esta preocupação, muitas pessoas não conseguem realizar uma alimentação adequada devido à falta de informações ou orientações corretas em relação aos alimentos que devem incluir em sua dieta. Objetivo: avaliar o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados em praticantes de atividade física, comparando por regiões do mundo. Material e métodos: Revisão bibliográfica de 20 artigos científicos dos bancos de dados: SciELO, Pubmed e Google Acadêmico, no período de 1995 a 2019, e teses relacionadas ao tema principal do estudo. Foram priorizados os estudos mais recentes. A coleta de dados foi realizada de março a junho de 2020. Os descritores utilizados na procura por artigos foram: “consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e atividade física”, “ultra-processed food and exercise” e “association with healthy food and exercise.” Foram incluídos artigos que tratassem do consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados associados à atividade física. Resultados: Quando avaliado o consumo alimentar, levando em consideração o nível de processamento dos alimentos e realização ou não de atividade física, indivíduos que realizavam atividade física de forma regular, consumiram menor quantidade de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados. Estudos realizados na América do Norte sugeriram que o nutriente mais consumido através da ingestão de hambúrgueres e sanduíches prontos são as gorduras saturadas e trans, na Europa os principais nutrientes consumidos através da ingestão de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados são as gorduras e os açúcares. Na América do Sul, o açúcar é altamente consumido através da ingestão de chocolates, bolachas doces, doces de padaria, sorvetes e refrigerantes. Conclusão: Constatou-se que houve consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados por praticantes de atividades físicas. Quanto maior o tempo e dedicação à pratica de exercícios, menor foi a ingestão de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e maior incidência de alimentos in natura.
INFLUÊNCIA DA FISIOTERAPIA NA INDEPENDÊNCIA EM ATIVIDADES DE VIDA DIÁRIA E NO EQUILÍBRIO DE PACIENTES COM CONDIÇÕES CRÔNICAS ATENDIDOS NA CLÍNICA-ESCOLA DE FISIOTERAPIA DA UNIVATES
Authors: Da Silva Lopes Laura , Grave Magali Teresinha Quevedo
Published: November 2020

Introdução: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) são um problema de saúde global e uma ameaça à saúde e ao desenvolvimento humano. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) estima em cerca de 36 milhões as mortes anuais causadas por esse grupo de doenças. No Brasil o quadro das DCNT é de grande magnitude, correspondendo a 72% da mortalidade total no país em 2017, apesar de ter-se verificado, nas últimas décadas, uma redução de cerca de 20% nas taxas de mortalidade por DCNT, particularmente pelo aumento da mortalidade por doenças cardiocirculatórias, vasculares e respiratórias crônicas. A fisioterapia tem um papel importante no tratamento de pessoas com DCNT, cujas funções motoras são afetadas. Objetivo: Verificar a influência do tratamento fisioterapêutico em pacientes com sequelas neuromotoras decorrentes de DCNT atendidos na Clínica-Escola de Fisioterapia (CEF) da Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates, Lajeado/RS. Metodologia: Estudo retrospectivo, descritivo e transversal, de análise quantitativa, de prontuários de usuários da CEF, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, diagnóstico de alguma DCNT, que receberam atendimento de fisioterapia, no mínimo, uma vez por semana, cujo prontuário apresentasse ao menos uma avaliação e uma reavaliação através do Índice de Barthel (IB) e da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB). Resultados: Foram analisados 194 prontuários, do quais 14 cumpriam os critérios de inclusão. A idade dos pacientes variou de 27 a 88 anos (média: 56,84; DP:20,88); nove (64%) do sexo masculino, sete (50%) com diagnóstico de acidente vascular cerebral, quatro (15%) com doença de Parkinson, dois (29%) com traumatismo crânio encefálico e um (7%) com encefalopatia crônica não progressiva da infância. Com relação ao índice de Barthel, quatro pacientes mantiveram a pontuação máxima de 100 pontos nas reavaliações (R1 e R2), um paciente manteve a pontuação de 95 pontos em R1 e nove apresentaram aumento na pontuação, quando comparados os resultados da avaliação. Os resultados da EEB se mantiveram para dois pacientes; os demais apresentaram ganhos numéricos quando comparados os valores da avaliação aos da R1 e R2. Conclusão: através dos protocolos do IB e EEB, foi possível constatar que a fisioterapia é efetiva no tratamento de pessoas com sequelas neurológicas decorrentes de DCNT.
Industria 4.0 en América Latina: Una ruta para su implantación
Authors: Chacón-Ramírez Edgar Alfonso , Cardillo-Albarrán Juan José , Uribe-Hernández Julián
Published: November 2020

El concepto de Industria 4.0 (I4.0) es muy reciente y su aplicación crea grandes expectativas, aunque no se ha podido medir su impacto de sus resultados. En Europa, EEUU, y países del extremo oriente las grandes empresas lideran su implantación conforme a estándares de automatización.  Un caso distinto son las Pequeña y Medianas Empresas (PyMEs), las cuales confrontan problemas que van desde desconocimiento de la tecnología, estructuras empresariales rígidas, formación de recurso humano, falta de estándares lo que crea un gran riesgo para ellas en su incorporación o el riesgo de quedar fuera del cambio. En América Latina el reto es aún mayor, ya que las industrias están en desventaja por su falta de automatización, y más aún en las PyMEs para las cuales I4.0 representa un riesgo. En este trabajo se presenta un esquema de apoyo a la implantación de Industria 4.0, adaptada a la realidad de la industria Latino Americana que incluye una ruta de trabajo para las implantar I 4.0 en PyMEs.
Estudio para la generación de energía por un sistema con paneles solares y baterías
Authors: Espinel-Blanco Edwin , Flórez-Solano Eder Norberto , Barbosa-Jaimes Jhon Erickson
Published: November 2020

En el presente trabajo se estudió el comportamiento de un sistema para la generación de energía eléctrica a través de una matriz de paneles solares y un banco de baterías. El estudio se fundamenta en la simulación de los modelos matemáticos definidos en la literatura para la generación de energía por medio de paneles solares fotovoltaicos y del estado de carga y suministro de energía en el banco de baterías. Para el desarrollo del estudio se programaron los modelos matemáticos de los paneles solares y las baterías en el software libre Pyhton. Se observó la incapacidad del sistema para garantizar la carga de las baterías al tiempo que se utilizan los paneles para suministrar la energía requerida para satisfacer la demanda, de igual forma, se dificulta el uso de las baterías durante los periodos en los cuales no hay disponibilidad del recurso solar. Se evidenció la dificultad del sistema para satisfacer una demanda específica cuando solo se considera la generación de los paneles o la carga aportada por las baterías de forma individual.
Improvement of the mechanical properties of nodular gray cast iron with the application of heat treatments
Authors: García-León Ricardo Andrés , Herrera-Perea Jhon , Cerón-Guerrero Jorge
Published: November 2020

For this experimental study, commercial samples of nodular gray cast iron were used. Samples were subjected to different heat treatments such as quenching, tempering, and annealing. These treatments were carried out to obtain an increase in specific mechanical properties such as hardness, where the new values of this property were obtained. In this process, different laboratory tests as metallographic characterization, mechanical characterization by Brinell hardness, physical and chemical characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Energy Dispersion Spectrometry (EDS) were applied. The results obtained show that specific thermal treatments can be implemented together and different temperatures, achieving an increase of three times the value of the hardness for the manufacture of brake discs, able to withstand the thermal conditions caused during his operation.
Overlapping Holoprosencephaly-polydactyl syndrome and Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, an incidental finding in prenatal ultrasound screening: A rare case report
Authors: Sereke Senai , Oriekot Anthony , Bongomin Felix
Published: November 2020

An obstetric ultrasound of a multi-gravid mother at 37-week of gestation
showed a female fetus with alobar holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, short
ribs, narrow chest and short upper and lower extremity bones, consistent
with Holoprosencephaly-polydactyly syndrome and Asphyxiating thoracic
dystrophy overlap. Apgar score was 0 in the first and fifth minutes.
Nutcracker Syndrome due to Chronic Aortic Dissection
Authors: ICHIHARA YUKI , Azuma Takashi , Saito Satoshi , Niinami Hiroshi
Published: November 2020

Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is known as a status of compression of the
left renal vein (LRV) between the abdominal aorta and superior
mesenteric artery (SMA). We here report a case of NCS in Marfan patients
with type B aortic dissection who presented with sudden gross hematuria.
Computed tomography revealed the compression of the LRV sandwiched
between the SMA and the dilated dissecting abdominal aorta. The
compression was released after surgical intervention and the hematuria
was promptly recovered. This report highlights that NCS should be
considered as a differential diagnosis of unexplained hematuria in
patients with the chronic dissecting aorta.
Operative management of ascending aorta thrombus and bilateral pulmonary embolism in the setting of breast cancer
Authors: Alcocer Jorge , Ascaso María , Quintana Eduard , Sandoval Elena , Castella Manuel
Published: November 2020

Pulmonary embolism and concomitant floating aortic thrombus are a rare
and potentially life-threatening association. Several therapeutic
options are available and best management can be controversial when
these conditions coexist. We describe a case of a 79-year-old woman
presented with massive pulmonary embolism and simultaneous floating
thrombus in the ascending aorta. She underwent concomitant ascending
aortic replacement and surgical pulmonary embolectomy with an uneventful
postoperative recovery. Open surgical repair is a one stage repair
approach that may offer the most efficient treatment to allow survival.
Multi-objective optimization of container-based microservice scheduling in edge computing
Authors: Fan Guisheng , Chen Liang , Yu Huiqun , Qi Wei
Published: November 2020

Edge computing provides physical resources closer to end users, becoming a good complement to cloud computing. With the rapid development of container technology and microservice architecture, container orchestration has become a hot issue. However, the container-based microservice scheduling problem in edge computing is still urgent to be solved. In this paper, we first formulate the container-based microservice scheduling as a multi-objective optimization problem, aiming to optimize network latency among microservices, reliability of microservice applications and load balancing of the cluster. We further propose a latency, reliability and load balancing aware scheduling (LRLBAS) algorithm to determine the container-based microservice deployment in edge computing. Our proposed algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). In addition, we give a handling strategy to separate the fitness function from constraints, so that each particle has two fitness values. In the proposed algorithm, a new particle comparison criterion is introduced and a certain proportion of infeasible particles are reserved adaptively. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm compared with other related algorithms.