bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Naturally occurring clinically significant anti-M alloantibodies with wide thermal range: A series of three cases
Authors: Raturi Manish , Khatiwada Basanta , Dhiman Yashaswi , Gaur Dushyant Singh , Adhikari Bhawana
Published: March 2024

Anti-M antibodies are usually of the immunoglobulin (Ig)-M type and have a cold thermal range, which is generally considered clinically insignificant. However, in some cases, there may also be an IgG component present exclusively. In addition to the discrepancy in blood grouping (attributable to the IgM component), the presence of an IgG component reacting at 37°C can interfere with pretransfusion testing, making it difficult to find fully compatible blood within a short time. In this report, we discuss three children: two boys aged five and 1½ years, respectively, and a female toddler aged 1 year who were all successfully treated using M-antigen negative packed red blood cells along with the standard treatment plan of the hospital. This was made possible by an established institutional blood donor registry comprising O-typed blood donors (n = 374), who were phenotyped for 21 erythrocyte antigens using commercially available monoclonal antisera (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Pvt Ltd., Mumbai, India).
Age-related dynamics in acute myeloid leukemia: Implications for prognosis, risk stratification, and treatment response
Authors: Aljabban Ali , Alalsaidissa Jaffar
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex, heterogeneous disease driven by acquired somatic mutations. The presence of specific mutations advances stratification, treatment, and prognosis. Linear accumulation of mutations over time is a crucial factor in cancer development, particularly among elderly patients. Our recent study on gene rearrangement in AML revealed a significant association between age and adverse risk cases.

AIM:

The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of age, molecular characteristics, risk stratification, and treatment response based on age among patients with de novo AML in Iraq.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A prospective cohort study enrolled 115 Iraqi adult patients diagnosed with de novo AML using morphology and flow cytometry from December 2020 to May 2022. The Leukemia Q-Fusion Screening Kit, employing multiplex reverse transcription–real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction with 30 gene rearrangements, was employed for the identification of gene rearrangement. The patients received care and follow-up at the Hematology Unit of Baghdad Teaching Hospital in Medical City. Ethical approval from the College of Medicine’s Ethical Committee at the University of Baghdad was secured before commencing the research, ensuring adherence to ethical standards throughout the study.

RESULTS:

The age distribution exhibited a bimodal pattern, with a mean of 45.1 ± 17.5 years, ranging from 18 to 84 years, and a median of 46 years. A total of 39.1% of patients were diagnosed with AML before the age of 35 years, while 43% were diagnosed after the age of 51 years. AML patients with RARA mutations, RUNX1::RUNX1T1 alterations, and NPM1 mutations were predominantly observed in younger individuals, as well as those diagnosed with AML defined by differentiation. Conversely, KMT2A rearrangements were more prevalent among older age groups, with a statistically significant difference in the distribution of AML classifications according to the World Health Organization (WHO) by age categories (P = 0.001). The risk stratification based on age and response assessment showed a notable higher risk profile observed among elderly patients that was associated with adverse risk and poorer response and mortality (P < 0.05). The prediction of treatment response accuracy rate was improved by adding age to the WHO classification and ELN 2022 risk stratification (73.5%–87.9%).

CONCLUSION:

Age significantly influences AML prognosis and treatment response. Incorporating age into risk stratification improves accuracy. Tailored approaches considering age are vital for optimizing AML management and outcomes.
Sexual dysfunction, marital relationship, and subjective quality of life among women with schizophrenia: Analytical case-control study
Authors: Kumari Puja , Kumar Rajesh , Rohilla Jitendra
Published: March 2024

Background:

Women with schizophrenia have a high risk of adverse sexual health outcomes. The chronic course of schizophrenia draws attention to assessing the quality of life and marital relationships of patients with schizophrenia. However, there is a crunch of data in the Indian setting. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions (SDs) and determine the marital relationship and quality of life among women with schizophrenia.

Material and Methods:

The study followed an analytical case-control design. The study was conducted at the inpatient psychiatric department of one of the apex tertiary healthcare centers located at the foothills of the Northern Himalayas. The study purposively included 136 participants (68 cases and 68 controls). The control group included healthy women aged 18–45 currently staying with sexual partners. Data were collected using pretested and standardized self-report questionnaires.

Results:

The median age of the case group was 36 (interquartile range (IQR), 29–42) years, while that of the control group was 29 (IQR 26–34) years. The prevalence of SD was significantly higher (P = 0.001) in cases (95.3%) than in controls (73.4%). Compared to healthy controls, women with schizophrenia have a significantly higher rate of SD in sexual desire (P = 0.001), getting arousal (P < 0.001), lubrication (P < 0.001), achieving orgasm (P < 0.001), and sexual satisfaction (P < 0.001) (except pain). In addition, the marital relationship was better managed (P < 0.001) in healthy controls compared with cases. The healthy control group significantly expressed a better quality of life in physical (P < 0.001), psychological (P < 0.001), and maintaining social (P < 0.001) relationships (except environment domains). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, employment status significantly predicted SDs (odds ratio (OR), 25.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.09, 318.10; P < 0.05) in participants.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of SD is significantly high among female participants. Hence, treating physicians should pay attention to sexual function during the screening and treatment of patients with schizophrenia.
Systemic inflammatory markers and their association with Alzheimer’s disease: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Khatri Abhishek , Prakash Om , Agarwal Rachna , Kushwaha Suman
Published: March 2024

Aim:

To investigate the possible role of systemic inflammatory markers (interleukin; IL-6, C-reactive protein; CRP, and albumin levels) in the development of Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) and also find their association with the severity of disease.

Material and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional study. Patients with Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) from outpatient settings in tertiary care hospitals and non-demented controls (NDC) were recruited from the community. Individuals aged 50 years and older (n = 110) were included. Serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and albumin levels in patients with AD, VaD, and NDC were measured. The clinical Dementia Rating Scale was used for staging the severity of dementia. Serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and serum albumin were compared in study subjects and also analyzed with the severity of dementia in dementia subgroups.

Results:

Our main finding was that serum levels of IL-6 were significantly elevated in patients with AD and VaD (7.79 and 6.60) as compared to NDC (2.98) (P < 0.001). No significant difference in CRP or albumin levels was observed between the three groups. Serum IL-6 and CRP showed a positive correlation with the severity of AD, though the correlation was significant only for IL-6 (r = 0.777). The serum albumin levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the severity of AD (r > 0.3 but <0.5).

Conclusion:

The study demonstrates a notable association between systemic inflammatory markers, particularly IL-6, and the severity of AD, indicating their potential role in its pathogenesis. These findings suggest that targeting these markers could offer new insights into therapeutic strategies for AD.
Effect of Health Education on Blood Pressure Control and Life Modification in Hypertensive Patients: Sample from Primary Health Care Centers, Al-Rusafa Sector/Baghdad
Authors: Al Shatari Sahar A. E. , Al-Juboori Yahya B. H. , Salih Khelowd , Abed Alaa Safaa , Gabur Ahmed Sabbar , Witwit Sally A. , Al Tabtabaee Shams Wisam Talib
Published: March 2024

Background:

Health education is very important to control hypertension (HT) in patients with it.

Objectives:

To explore the effect of health education on blood pressure control by modifying the lifestyle of patients who visited the Rusafa sector centers primary health care-Baghdad 2018.

Patients and Methods:

A cross-sectional study with an analytical element conducted during the period February 1–May 31, 2018 by taking a sample of patients who visited these centers during this period. Those who were diagnosed with HT 6 months and more; pregnant women were excluded; 108 patients were interviewed using a questionnaire based on the American Family Physicians Association manual, demographic-social information, diagnosis-date, visiting-regularity, compliance, doctors and nurses communication skills, lifestyle, measure fasting/random blood glucose and body mass index.

Results:

The doctor’s visiting was regularly in 93 (86%), two thirds were diagnosed within 5 years, only 25 (23.41%) were smokers during diagnosis, 16 (64%) received health education about smoking cessation, and 4 (25%) discontinued. Health education about sports activity received by 71 (65.74%) of the patients, saturated/unsaturated fats 98 (90.74%), salt intake 102 (94.44%), most of them follow these instructions, all of which have a strong statistical relationship. 43 (39.81%) had a weak drug commitment, 34 (31.48%) had high adherence to medication, 30 (27.78%) had average commitment, a strong relationship with their monthly income and doctor’s communication skills.

Conclusion:

Health education has a significant relationship with all studied variables to control HT except smoking.
Assessment of meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye disease by using novel noninvasive ocular surface analyzer in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sultan Sharjeel , Butt Anum , Shakeel Ayisha , Khanzada Mahtab A. , Fawwad Asher , Basit Abdul
Published: March 2024

Objective:

To assess meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye disease in people with type 2 diabetes using a novel noninvasive ocular surface analyzer.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Department, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, from June to December 2020. MGD is defined as increased lipids and proteins in the meibomian glands, leading to increased severity of dry eye disease symptoms. People with type 2 diabetes underwent an ocular surface examination; lipid layer thickness, noninvasive breakup time, tear meniscus height, grading of meibomian gland loss, and expression of meibum by a noninvasive analyzer. MGD was graded based on minimal to mild, moderate, and marked symptoms and divided into four subtypes.

Result:

A total of 46 diabetic subjects, 24 (52.2%) were males and 22 (47.8%) were females, with a median age of 55 (50–67.5) and 48 (41.5–55.25) years. Most of the subjects had mild gland opening for both the right and the left eye (50% and 54.3%). MGD score 1 was found in 12 (26.7%) and 11 (24.4%) subjects for the right and the left eye, respectively. Score 2 was observed mostly in the right eye 32 (71.1%) while score 3 was more frequent in the left eye 27 (60%). Notably, the conjunctival and ciliary levels were predominantly normal.

Conclusion:

Most of the participants had moderate to severe loss of the meibomian gland in both eyes.
Judicious use of modern technology with antihyperglycemic agents: The changing landscape of type 2 diabetes management
Authors: Srivastava Brijendra Kumar , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Amutha Anandakumar , Ramuu Muthu , Sriraam Manoharan , Mohan Viswanathan
Published: March 2024

Background:

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) pump has shown good outcomes in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we present an individual with type 2 diabetes and obesity who was on a high dosage of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) were able to get diabetes under good control with weight reduction after using a hybrid artificial closed-loop insulin pump system along with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor.

Case Presentation:

A 60-year-old lady with type 2 diabetes presented with uncontrolled blood sugars despite high doses of insulin and a combination of OHAs. She was also depressed and frustrated due to uncontrolled blood sugars despite repeated changes made in her treatment plan using an insulin pump along with GLP-1RA (dulaglutide) and SGLT-2 inhibitor (empagliflozin).

Results:

After changing the treatment plan, her HbA1c levels decreased from 10.1% to 7.3% after 3 months. The microalbuminuria reverted to normoalbuminuria (59.9–12.2 µg/mg of creatinine). Improvement has been observed in the fasting C-peptide levels from 0.50 to 0.86 pmol/L and stimulated C–C-peptide levels from 1.2 to 2.05 pmol/L. As she lost nearly 7 kg of weight, she felt satisfied with a better quality of life. Even her depression settled down.

Conclusion:

Use of CSII pump along with dulaglutide and empagliflozin helped in controlling blood sugars, bringing down weight with an overall improvement in mental health and renal function; in this, difficult to treat the patient.
Procalcitonin and D-dimer as a prognostic marker and outcome predictor in COVID-19 patients and effect of comorbidities on these biomarkers
Authors: Singh Tej P , Gupta Upendra N , Doneriya Jitendra , Chaudhary Pravesh , Singh Manish K , Chaturvedi Ishan , Pawar Anubhav S
Published: March 2024

Background and Objectives:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as an unexpected crisis at the beginning of year 2020 and amidst the crisis arises a need to identify biomarkers that can predict mortality among these patients. The effect of comorbidities on the levels of these biomarkers and the outcomes was also studied.

Materials and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional type of observational study involving a total of 111 confirmed cases of COVID-19. Among these patients 17.1% were diabetic, 19.8% were hypertensive, and 19.8% were both diabetic and hypertensive. Serial values of PCT on days 0, 3, and 7 and that of D-dimer on days 0 and 5 were measured among these patients and the results were analyzed.

Results:

The results showed that baseline serum PCT and D-dimer were significantly higher among the patients who were deceased and showed an increasing trend on serial evaluation suggesting that they are strong predictors of outcome. The mean values of PCT and D-dimer were also higher in patients with comorbidities when compared to those with no comorbidities. Out of a total of 111 patients, 33 patients (29.7%) were deceased and 78 patients (70.3%) were discharged.

Interpretation and Conclusion:

Serum PCT and D-dimer both were independent and strong predictors of outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Comorbidities like diabetes had a significant effect on the levels of above-mentioned biomarkers.
Determinants of medication adherence and impact of mobile telephony, pillbox interventions on compliance and glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Verma Shashwat , Mohanty Ipseeta Ray , Rai Sandeep
Published: March 2024

Background:

Medication adherence has been linked to improved glycemic control, fewer complications from diabetes, fewer hospitalizations, reduced health care expenses, and a decreased mortality rate. The medication adherence pattern, reason, and factors associated with poor medication adherence among patients living with type 2 diabetes mellitus were determined, and the impact of two interventions to improve medication adherence was assessed.

Materials and Methods:

The medication adherence patterns of 240 people living with diabetes were determined using the Morisky Green Levine Medication Adherence Scale-4 and categorized into low, medium, and high adherence patterns. Patients with poor medication adherence (low and medium pattern) scores were randomized into short message service (SMS) and pillbox interventions, and the impact of Interventions on compliance and glycemic control was determined.

Results:

Results demonstrate that 3% of patients living with type 2 diabetes have low, 43% medium, and 54% have high medication adherence patterns. The most common reason cited for non-adherence was (88%) followed by lack of finance (5%) and multiple medications (4%). A positive association of injectable dosage forms, number of drugs, and treatment modalities with adherence was found. SMS and pillbox intervention improved medication adherence among individuals with diabetes who had poor adherence, which translated into good glycemic control.

Conclusions:

The improvement in drug compliance and glycemic control was found to be equivocal among the SMS and pillbox intervention groups. The inclusion of interventions into the institutional education program and counseling by health care workers will motivate patients to adopt these interventions to improve drug compliance and glycemic control.
Consumption pattern of millets among south Indian adults
Authors: Lakshmy Priya Krishnamurthy , Shobana Shanmugam , Sudha Vasudevan , Gayathri Rajagopal , Beatrice D Annette , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Krishnaswamy Kamala , Mohan Viswanathan
Published: March 2024

Millets are the staple food for millions in Asian and several African countries. They are rich in dietary fiber, micronutrients, and beneficial phytochemicals. This study attempted to understand the consumption pattern of millets among south Indian adults in Chennai using a validated semi quantitative questionnaire which was administered telephonically. Purposive random sampling method was adopted for obtaining data from 100 millet consumers. The study results were analyzed using chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and correlation analysis. Equal percent of participants (41%) consumed millets 1-3 times a week and 1-3 times / month. Respondents considered millets nutritious and healthy as the main reason for consumption. Monthly income and family size significantly influenced frequency of consumption of millets. With reference to income groups, respondents belonging to income group >Rs. 50,000/month showed the highest percentage of frequency of consumption of millets, when compared to other income groups. Most consumers felt millets were affordable. Kali (stiff porridge/balls, kanji (porridge), pongal, upma, and biscuits were the most sought-after choices. Majority of the consumers combined other grains especially pulses in millet preparations such as pongal and kichidi. Finger millet preparations were the most commonly consumed millet-based preparation among all income groups or it could be concluded that consumers have a positive attitude toward millets for consumption and voiced the need for development of ready-to-cook and ready-to-eat value-added millet products such as millet dosa batter, noodles, flakes, breads, and millet-based beverages , for promoting consumers’ health and fitness.
Diabetes and current Indian scenario: A narrative review
Authors: Muralidharan Shrikanth
Published: March 2024

Health needs assessment plays a critical role in identifying priorities and allocating resources to enhance health outcomes and reduce disparities. This write-up focuses on the health priority of diabetic care in India and highlights the challenges faced in its management. The prevalence of diabetes in India is alarmingly high and is projected to increase in the future, making it a significant concern. Key challenges include lack of awareness among the population, poor diagnosis, limited access to quality care, medication adherence issues, and physicians’ limited time and knowledge. Insufficient awareness hampers prevention efforts and understanding of associated complications. Diagnosis and access to quality care remain major challenges, particularly in rural areas, due to various factors such as treatment costs and underdeveloped healthcare infrastructure. Medication adherence is a significant issue influenced by high costs, complex treatment regimens, and limited transportation options. Healthcare professionals face knowledge gaps and time constraints, affecting the optimal management of diabetes. The scarcity of trained professionals exacerbates the situation. The write-up also discusses current policies and programs in India for diabetes care, including the CARRS diabetes care delivery model, the Diabetes Tele Management System, and doctor training programs. While these initiatives aim to improve care, their effectiveness is not extensively evaluated. The conclusion emphasizes the need for increased awareness, improved diagnosis and access to care, medication affordability, enhanced healthcare professional training, and effective policy implementation to address the challenges in diabetic care in India.
Impact of disasters on the disaster responders: A review of stress, coping, resilience, and supportive methods
Authors: Kar Nilamadhab
Published: March 2024

As disasters are becoming more common, there is an ever-increasing need for support from personnel working in those situations, from search and rescue to emergency health care, relief, and postdisaster short- and long-term support. Exposure to traumatic situations affects disaster responders psychologically for various reasons and to different degrees. These mental health sequelae need to be identified, and the responders should be appropriately supported. A narrative review was conducted from the available literature in this regard. There are reports of the impact of disaster stress on disaster responders, and many have short- and long-term consequences. These are mostly anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress. In some cases, it might impair their effectiveness in disaster work. There is information about improving preparedness for disaster exposure, coping strategies, and effective psychological intervention methods for the responders. However, the availability and adequacy of the support system in various situations are not clear. The impact of disaster trauma on disaster responders needs to be extensively studied and support systems should be in place to manage the negative psychosocial outcomes.
Profile of nonattending patients at psychiatric outpatient clinics before (in-person model) and during COVID-19 pandemic (telepsychiatry model): A comparison study
Authors: Kiani Mahum , Kar Nilamadhab
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Missed appointments in mental health services have been a concern; as nonattendance may be associated with various clinical risk factors.

AIMS:

We intended to compare the profile of nonattenders at psychiatric outpatient clinics before (in-person model) and during the COVID-19 pandemic when the services changed to remote consultations (telepsychiatry model).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Clinical features (diagnosis, medical and psychological treatment, care program approach, and first contact), risk to self and others, and demographic variables (age, gender, ethnicity, accommodation, occupation, and benefits) were collected from the electronic records. The outcomes after the missed appointment were also noted.

RESULTS:

The sample consisted of 23 nonattenders in January 2020 (pre-COVID-19) and 32 nonattenders in November 2020 (during COVID-19); with an overall rate of nonattendance of 20% and 22%, respectively. Nonattenders during COVID-19 were significantly (P < 0.05) younger (36.4 ± 10.2 vs. 45.3 ± 15.0), and had more male patients (68.8% vs. 31.3%) compared to pre-COVID-19. There were no differences in other demographic variables, diagnoses, treatment received, or level of care. Risk to self was significantly more during COVID-19 (34.4% vs. 8.7%, P < 0.05) and risk to others was less (0.0% vs. 17.4%, P < 0.05). Significantly more (P < 0.05) nonattenders were contacted by letters during COVID-19 (81.3%) than pre-COVID-19 (52.2%); a higher (P < 0.05) proportion of nonattenders were discharged from services during COVID-19 (34.4%) compared to pre-COVID-19 period (8.7%).

CONCLUSIONS:

During COVID-19, when psychiatric outpatient services changed to remote consultations, there were differences in the profile of nonattenders and their risks. The results suggest that telepsychiatry services should explore the profile of nonattenders and their risks for arranging appropriate support.
Public education for mental health: Revisiting its intervention potential
Authors: Kar Nilamadhab
Published: March 2024

It is well known that public knowledge about mental illnesses is not at an expected level, and misinformation and stigma continue to be commonplace. These factors have a negative impact on appropriate and timely help seeking, adherence to treatment, and consequently on the clinical outcomes. There are robust public education materials and resources available through various platforms, such as the print and electronic media and the Internet. In fact, there is information overload, and a considerable proportion of the information is inaccurate, unscientific, and unreliable. Considering this, there is a need for appropriate guidance to be provided by the mental health professionals to the patients, caregivers, and general public. Public education for mental health is not only helpful but is also an effective intervention that is not adequately used. It should be actively encouraged and practiced routinely. This may improve the mental health literacy of the general public; the help seeking, engagement, and adherence of the patients with the treatment process would possibly be better, and these may help the intervention and outcome of mental illnesses.
Sacral nerve stimulation effect on colonic motility in pediatric patients
Authors: Dorfman Lev , Sigal Anat , El-Chammas Khalil , Mansi Sherief , Kaul Ajay
Published: March 2024

Background:

Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat refractory constipation in children. While its efficacy in improving symptoms has been studied, its effect on colonic motor function remains unclear. This case series explores SNS’s impact on colonic motor function in pediatric patients with idiopathic constipation, using high-resolution colonic manometry (HRCM).

Methods:

Four pediatric patients with chronic idiopathic constipation underwent SNS placement for intractable symptoms and were subsequently evaluated via HRCM. Clinical characteristics, comorbidities, treatment regimens, and outcomes were reviewed. HRCM was conducted during the SNS-off and SNS-on phases. The motility index (MI) was measured during the SNS-off (fasting and postprandial) and SNS-on phases.

Results:

Four pediatric patients aged 8 to 21 years met the inclusion criteria. In three patients, SNS-induced high-amplitude propagating contractions (HAPCs) were noted, and in one patient, low-amplitude propagating contractions (LAPCs) were noted. In one patient, propagating contractions were induced only when SNS was turned on. MI changes with SNS-on were variable among different patients with an increase in MI in two patients after turning SNS on and a decrease in the other two compared with baseline. Adverse effects following SNS placement remained minimal across all cases.

Conclusion:

This case series is the first to report SNS effects on colonic motility evaluated by HRCM in pediatrics. We demonstrate that propagating colonic contractions are promptly induced when SNS is turned on. Although the initial effects of SNS on colonic motility were observable, additional investigation is necessary to comprehend the fundamental mechanisms and long-term effectiveness of SNS in pediatric patients.
Tailoring Full STEAM Ahead Empowerment: Creative Coding for 21st Century Girls
Authors: Maric Jasmina , Murali Rani Lekshmi
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: This paper provides a comprehensive examination of the Creative Coding project’s impact on female empowerment.OBJECTIVES: The project addresses the gender disparity in STEAM fields by integrating coding and art for girls aged 10-15, using the Strudel tool that combines real-time live coding and music composition.METHODS: Through observation and interviews with the girls who participated and performed at the end of the Creative Coding project, but also with those who dropped out, we cast a deep look into the positive and negative parameters to tailor concrete measures for every girl empowerment - not only super achievers. We collaborated with teachers and female mentors from the Computer Science and Engineering Department as relatable role models, to support feelings of belonging and spark curiosity. Using the new user-friendly Strudel tool that supports the integration of art, music, and audio-visual elements, we aimed at an engaging learning experience. To tailor new actions and increase attrition we used a mess map for analysis of the wicked problem of dropouts. Finally, collaboration among the girls and peer learning were expected as by-product effects.RESULTS: Positive outcomes include increased interest, self-confidence, creativity, and aspirations in STEAM subjects among the girls. However, a more comprehensive and supportive environment is recognized as necessary to engage a broader group of girls in STEAM activities. The findings highlight the importance of cultivating curiosity, providing mentorship, promoting inclusivity and collaboration, and integrating creativity in education to inspire and empower girls in coding and STEAM disciplines.CONCLUSION: The paper concludes by emphasizing the potential of Creative Coding practices and the audio-visual perception of music to enhance girls’ empowerment, creativity, and interest in coding and STEAM fields.
Clinical Application of Neural Network for Cancer Detection Application
Authors: Kishore Kanna R , Ravindraiah R , Priya C , Gomalavalli R , Muralikrishna Nimmagadda
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: The field of medical diagnostics is currently confronted with a significant obstacle in the shape of cancer, a disease that tragically results in the loss of millions of lives each year. Ensuring the administration of appropriate treatment to cancer patients is of paramount significance for medical practitioners.
OBJECTIVES: Hence, the accurate identification of cancer cells holds significant importance. The timely identification of a condition can facilitates prompt diagnosis and intervention. Numerous researchers have devised multiple methodologies for the early detection of cancer.
METHODS: The accurate anticipation of cancer has consistently posed a significant and formidable undertaking for medical professionals and researchers. This article examines various neural network technologies utilised in the diagnosis of cancer.
RESULTS: Neural networks have emerged as a prominent area of research within the medical science field, particularly in disciplines such as cardiology, radiology, and oncology, among others.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this survey indicate that neural network technologies demonstrate a high level of efficacy in the diagnosis of cancer. A significant proportion of neural networks exhibit exceptional precision when it comes to categorizing tumours cells.
Interaction between neuroscience and happiness: assessment from Artificial Intelligence advances
Authors: Eslava-Zapata Rolando , Sánchez-Castillo Verenice , Chacón-Guerrero Edixon
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, there has been a convergence between Artificial Intelligence and neuroscience, particularly in studying the brain and developing treatments for neurological disorders. Artificial neural networks and deep learning provide valuable insights into neural processing and brain functioning. Recent research tries to explain how neural processes influence an individual's happiness. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the interaction between neuroscience and happiness based on the advances in Artificial Intelligence. METHODS: A bibliometric analysis was performed with articles from the Scopus database in 2013-2023; likewise, the VOSviewer was used for information processing. RESULTS A total of 603 articles were obtained, and it is evident that the most significant scientific production is centered in the United States (184), United Kingdom (74), and China (73). Three clusters are generated from the Co-occurrence - Author Keywords analysis. The first cluster, red, is related to Artificial Intelligence applications for predicting happiness; the second cluster, green, is associated with Artificial Intelligence tools in neuroscience; and the third cluster, blue, is related to neuroscience in psychology. CONCLUSION: Neuroscience research has made significant leaps in understanding mental processes such as emotions and consciousness. Neuroscience has encountered happiness and is opening up to an approach that seeks evidence to understand people's well-being supported by Artificial Intelligence.
MV polytopes and reduced double Bruhat cells
Authors: Dykes Kathlyn
Published: March 2024

When

G

is a complex reductive algebraic group, MV polytopes are in bijection with the non-negative tropical points of the unipotent group of

G

. By fixing

w

from the Weyl group, we can define MV polytopes whose highest vertex is labelled by

w

. We show that these polytopes are in bijection with the non-negative tropical points of the reduced double Bruhat cell labelled by

w^{-1}

. To do this, we define a collection of generalized minor functions

\Delta_{\gamma}^{\mathrm{new}}

which tropicalize on the reduced Bruhat cell to the BZ data of an MV polytope of highest vertex

w

. We also describe the combinatorial structure of MV polytopes of highest vertex

w

. We explicitly describe the map from the Weyl group to the subset of elements bounded by

w

in the Bruhat order which sends

u \mapsto v

if the vertex labelled by

u

coincides with the vertex labelled by

v

for every MV polytope of highest vertex

w

. As a consequence of this map, we prove that these polytopes have vertices labelled by Weyl group elements less than

w

in the Bruhat order.
“Una volta era una città fiorente…”, ovvero l’immagine di Padova nelle lettere di Tomasz Kajetan Węgierski del 1779
Authors: Kowalczyk Małgorzata Ewa
Published: March 2024

‘Once it was a thriving city...’, or the image of Padua in the letters of Tomasz Kajetan Węgierski from 1779

Tomasz Kajetan Węgierski (1755–1787) is one of the most outstanding and controversial figures of the Polish Enlightenment. In 1779 this talented poet and satirist made a tour around Italy, during which he regularly wrote letters. They have been preserved in the collections of the Manuscripts Section of the Jagiellonian Library in Cracow, unfortunately as an incomplete copy. The aim of this article is to analyze the poet’s impressions from his stay in Padua. In his notes, full of anecdotes and jokes, we find broad descriptions of the art and architecture of the city, longer characteristics of the inhabitants, as well as their customs and everyday life. An attempt to reconstruct the Polish poet’s perception of Padua during the Enlightenment will undoubtedly contribute to a better understanding of the history of the city and its famous university.
Jak Milan Kundera został „donosicielem” i co z tego wynikło?
Authors: Rafalska Dominika
Published: March 2024

W 2008 roku czeski tygodnik „Respekt” oskarżył pisarza Milana Kunderę (1929–2023) o to, że w latach 50. XX wieku wydał czechosłowackiej bezpiece Miroslava Dvořáčka – młodego współpracownika amerykańskiego kontrwywiadu. Ofiara donosu została skazana na lata ciężkiego więzienia i cudem uniknęła śmierci. Publikacja, która jednoznacznie ogłosiła winę pisarza, powstała na podstawie jednej odnalezionej w archiwum USTR (czeski odpowiednik IPN) notatki milicyjnej, w której wymieniono nazwisko Milana Kundery. Sprawę szeroko omawiały media zarówno w Czechach, jak i na świecie. Także w Polsce rozpętała się burza. Dziś, gdy świat żegna Milana Kunderę, warto wrócić do tamtej publikacji, przyjrzeć się jej formie, językowi i zabiegom stylistycznym, które mocno podważyły reputację znanego pisarza. Ostatecznie Milanowi Kunderze niczego nie udowodniono, a sam pisarz wydał jedynie lakoniczne oświadczenie, w którym wszystkiemu zaprzeczył. Autorzy artykułu koncentrują się na publikacji „Respektu” z 2008 roku: jego formie i rzetelności przekazu. Jaki obraz, jaką rzeczywistość udało się wykreować autorom tego tekstu? Podjęto próbę spojrzenia na wydarzenia z 2008 roku z dzisiejszej perspektywy. Ważne wydaje się pytanie o to, czy teksty rozliczeniowe w ogóle powinny gościć na łamach prasy, czy lepiej, aby były przedmiotem wyłącznie badań i publikacji naukowych? Jeśli o podobnych sprawach powinna dowiadywać się opinia publiczna z prasy codziennej, jakie podstawowe standardy powinna ona spełniać?
Stan badań nad centralnymi strukturami PZPR nadzorującymi politykę propagandową w Polsce Ludowej: nowe ustalenia i luki badawcze
Authors: Wojsław Jacek
Published: March 2024

The state of research on central PZPR structures supervising propaganda policy in People’s Poland: new findings and research gaps

The article takes a look at the academic work devoted to the analysis of the activities of the central apparatus of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR), which was in charge of the supervision of propaganda and the mass media in Poland from 1948 to 1989/90. Considerations developed after 1989 are reviewed. Focusing on the research analysis of the political decisions and activities of members of the Political Bureau and Secretariat of the Central Committee Jacek Wojsław 22 of the PZPR and selected departments of the Central Committee of the PZPR responsible for the functioning of propaganda in People’s Poland is a necessary task in order to understand the way power was exercised in a non-democratic state. It was the central apparatus of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) that fully controlled the creation, flow and dissemination of content directed to the mass public using the press, radio and television. The result of the conducted analysis indicates that so far there has been no monograph devoted to this important area of activity of the central authorities of the PZPR in the Polish scholarly output. With the exception of Mieczysław Rakowski’s political biography, the other main coordinators of propaganda policy have not been described to date either. The situation is similar with the approximation of individual central party structures directly responsible for supervisory activities in the area of interest. It must be stressed, however, that there are a number of works on the academic market of a contributory nature relating to both central party structures and the PZPR leaders at their head responsible for overseeing the media and propaganda, in which selected problems have been analysed, usually within a limited period of time.
Fake news jako tekst. Wybrane struktury językowe (komunikacyjne) oraz ich funkcje
Authors: Stasiuk-Krajewska Karina
Published: March 2024

Fake news as text. Selected linguistic (communication) structures and their functions

The article presents the results of the research on selected linguistic (communicative) structures observed in fake news in Polish. As a result of the analysis of 435 texts deemed false by AFP fact-checkers, semantic and structural elements characteristic of this type of message were reconstructed. The reconstructed elements were subjected to functional analysis in the context of tools of persuasion and manipulation, encoding of emotions, and building credibility through replication of elements and structures of news. Keywords: disinformation, fake news, linguistic structure, news.
(Non)responsibility for Refugees – Communicating about the Belarusian-Polish Border (2021–2023)
Authors: Zessin-Jurek Lidia
Published: March 2024

Given that two dramatically different refugee regimens have developed along Poland’s eastern border, this essay explores the social conditions and discourses that facilitate such a radically different treatment of people. The Polish state’s violation of human rights on the Belarusian section of the border and the celebration of these rights on its Ukrainian section have become part of media spectacles. This text analyses both the technical and content-related issues of communication about migrants and refugees from the Global South. It includes typologies of attributional biases in the media towards people on the move, discusses their functions and the ways towards a normalisation of violence. The final section historicises the current negative responses to refugees and sets them in the wider context of the uneasy obligations imposed on the “West” by its professed values. In doing so, this essay touches upon questions not only of a sense of social responsibility, but also of actual responsibility for the people who have died in Polish forests and rivers.
VGGNET VE CBAM DİKKAT MEKANİZMASININ ENDOSKOPİK MESANE DOKU GÖRÜNTÜLERİNE UYGULANMASI
Authors: BÜYÜKARIKAN Birkan
Published: March 2024

Tıbbi hastalıkların tespiti, tanısı ve izlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilecek görevlerde, ilgili bilgilerin öne çıkartılması ve ilgisiz bilgilerin bastırılmasında Evrişimsel sinir ağları (ESA) yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak ESA modellerinin hesaplama karmaşıklığı, özellik kalitesi sorunu ve artan özellik boyutu gibi nedenler hastalığın tespit performansını zorlamaktadır. Son zamanlarda, ESA modellerinin performansını artırmak için dikkat mekanizmaları kullanılmaktadır, bu da sorunların üstesinden gelmeye yardımcı olmaktadır. Evrişimsel Blok Dikkat Modülü (CBAM) dikkat mekanizması, içerisinde barındırdığı modüller yardımıyla ilgili karmaşık özellikleri çıkarmak için geliştirilmiş bir yöntemdir. ESA modeliyle bu mekanizmanın birleştirilmesi, modelin performansını önemli ölçüde iyileştirilir. Çalışmanın amacı VGGNet ve CBAM dikkat mekanizmasını birleştirerek oluşturulan modellerle mesane tümörünün sınıflandırılmasıdır. Çalışmada VGGNet ve VGGNet+CBAM modellerinin performanslarını karşılaştırmak için doğruluk, kesinlik, duyarlılık, F1-skor ve eğri altında kalan alan (AUC) metrikleri kullanılarak deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre VGG19+CBAM modeli, doğruluk, kesinlik, duyarlılık, F1-skor ve AUC ölçütleri açısından en yüksek performans değerlerini göstermiştir. Bu modelin doğruluk, kesinlik, duyarlılık, F1-skor ve AUC ölçütlerinin değerleri sırasıyla 0,990, 0,992, 0,984, 0,986 ve 0,994’tür. VGGNet+CBAM modelleri, VGGNet modellerinden daha iyi performans göstermiştir. Elde edilen performans değerlerine dayanarak, önerilen yaklaşımın mesane tümörü teşhisinde etkili olduğu görülmektedir.
Exploring Data Provenance in Handwritten Text Recognition Infrastructure: Sharing and Reusing Ground Truth Data, Referencing Models, and Acknowledging Contributions. Starting the Conversation on How We Could Get It Done
Authors: Romein C. Annemieke , Hodel Tobias , Gordijn Femke , Zundert Joris J. van , Chagué Alix , Lange Milan van , Jensen Helle Strandgaard , Stauder Andy , Purcell Jake , Terras Melissa M. , Heuvel Pauline van den , Keijzer Carlijn , Rabus Achim , Sitaram Chantal , Bhatia Aakriti , Depuydt Katrien , Afolabi-Adeolu Mary Aderonke , Anikina Anastasiia , Bastianello Elisa , Benzinger Lukas Vincent , Bosse Arno , Brown David , Charlton Ash , Dannevig André Nilsson , Gelder Klaas van , Go Sabine C.P.J. , Goh Marcus J.C. , Gstrein Silvia , Hasan Sewa , Heide Stefan von der , Hindermann Maximilian , Huff Dorothee , Huysman Ineke , Idris Ali , Keijzer Liesbeth , Kemper Simon , Koenders Sanne , Kuijpers Erika , Rønsig Larsen Lisette , Lepa Sven , Link Tommy O. , Nispen Annelies van , Nockels Joe , Noort Laura M. van , Oosterhuis Joost Johannes , Popken Vivien , Estrella Puertollano María , Puusaag Joosep J. , Sheta Ahmed , Stoop Lex , Strutzenbladh Ebba , Sijs Nicoline van der , Spek Jan Paul van der , Trouw Barry Benaissa , Van Synghel Geertrui , Vučković Vladimir , Wilbrink Heleen , Weiss Sonia , Wrisley David Joseph , Zweistra Riet
Published: March 2024

This paper discusses best practices for sharing and reusing Ground Truth in Handwritten Text Recognition infrastructures, as well as ways to reference and acknowledge contributions to the creation and enrichment of data within these systems. We discuss how one can place Ground Truth data in a repository and, subsequently, inform others through HTR-United. Furthermore, we want to suggest appropriate citation methods for ATR data, models, and contributions made by volunteers. Moreover, when using digitised sources (digital facsimiles), it becomes increasingly important to distinguish between the physical object and the digital collection. These topics all relate to the proper acknowledgement of labour put into digitising, transcribing, and sharing Ground Truth HTR data. This also points to broader issues surrounding the use of machine learning in archival and library contexts, and how the community should begin to acknowledge and record both contributions and data provenance.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KAMIS JAWA DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKHLAKUL KARIMAH PESERTA DIDIK SD PLUS SUNAN AMPEL KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Binti Mar'atus Sholihah  , Yuliana Nurul Islami  , Fitri Amalia  , Benny Prasetiya  , Siti Nurkholifah
Published: March 2024

This study examines the implementation of the Kamis Jawa Program at SD Plus Sunan Ampel Kediri and its impact on improving students' moral character. In the context of rapid globalization and modernization, maintaining local cultural values poses a significant challenge. The Kamis Jawa Program, which integrates Javanese cultural values into the curriculum, aims to develop good character in students and promote cultural preservation. This research used a qualitative method with a case study design, involving observation, interviews, and document studies to collect data. The results indicate that the Kamis Jawa Program positively affects increasing students' understanding and appreciation of Javanese cultural values, such as politeness, cooperation, and gentleness. The program also successfully promotes the formation of good moral character among students, including respectful attitudes, responsibility, and mutual cooperation. Additionally, the program contributes to the preservation of Javanese culture and the development of students' cultural identity amidst globalization influences. This study provides insight that integrating local cultural values into education can be an effective strategy for developing good student character and preserving culture. The implication is that schools in Indonesia and other regions with similar cultural wealth can adopt similar approaches to integrate cultural values into character education, strengthening cultural identity, and promoting tolerance and diversity.
Keywords: Kamis Jawa Program, moral character, character education, cultural preservation, globalization, SD Plus Sunan Ampel Kediri.
Iterative Algorithm of Split Monotone Variational Inclusion Problem for New Mappings
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, FARID MOHAMMAD , IRFAN SYED SHAKAIB ,   Department of Mathematics, Aligarh Muslim University, India, AHMAD IQBAL ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we developed a new type iterative scheme to approximate a common solution of split monotone variational inclusion, variational inequality and ﬁxed point problems for an inﬁnite family of nonexpansive mappings in the framework of Hilbert spaces. Further, we proved that the sequence generated by the proposed iterative method converges strongly to a common solution of split monotone variational inclusion, variational inequality and ﬁxed point problems. Furthermore, we give some consequences of the main result. Finally, we discuss a numerical example to demonstrate the applicability of the iterative algorithm. The result presented in this paper uniﬁes and extends some known results in this area.