bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction to: Genotype by environment interactions and agronomic performance of doubled haploids testcross maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
Authors: Sserumaga Julius Pyton , Oikeh Sylvester O. , Mugo Stephen , Asea Godfrey , Otim Michael , Beyene Yoseph , Abalo Grace , Kikafunda Joseph
Published: October 2018

The original version of this article was revised because it should have been published with open access which it is at present.
Patrilocal Residence and Female Labor Supply: Evidence From Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Landmann Andreas , Seitz Helke , Steiner Susan
Published: October 2018

Many people live in patrilocal societies, which prescribe that women move in with their husbands’ parents, relieve their in-laws from housework, and care for them in old age. This arrangement is likely to have labor market consequences, in particular for women. We study the effect of coresidence on female labor supply in Kyrgyzstan, a strongly patrilocal setting. We account for the endogeneity of coresidence by exploiting the tradition that youngest sons usually live with their parents. In both OLS and IV estimations, the effect of coresidence on female labor supply is negative and insignificant. This finding is in contrast to previous studies, which found positive effects in less patrilocal settings. We go beyond earlier work by investigating effect channels. In Kyrgyzstan, coresiding women invest more time in elder care than women who do not coreside, and they do not receive parental support in housework.
Be ready to fight new 5G vulnerabilities
Authors: Sens Ronald
Published: October 2018

In the evolving landscape of mobile networks, we are beginning to see new vulnerabilities open up through 3G and 4G networks, and it is more than likely that 5G will follow this same fate. Protecting only this Gi Interface is no longer enough for any service providers’ security.

We are beginning to see new vulnerabilities open up through 3G and 4G networks, and it is more than likely that 5G will suffer the same fate.

In addition to mitigating and stopping terabit-scale attacks coming from the Internet, it is imperative for enterprises to improve their security by using full-spectrum defences that protect the whole infrastructure. With the assistance of 5G service providers, businesses can then rest easy knowing they have multiple lines of defence, explains Ronald Sens at A10 Networks.
IoT and regulation – striking the right balance
Authors: Hogewoning Marco
Published: October 2018

The UK Government has made the welcome announcement that it will establish a new Internet of Things (IoT) code of practice – ‘Secure by Design’ – to increase the security of connected devices. 1 Understandably, this has sparked discussions about whether the code of practice is a precursor to more formal regulation of the IoT. Regulation is certainly one route that can be taken to resolve the serious security challenges that the IoT faces. However, caution should be exercised when pondering the regulation of IoT, as it could serve only to damage IoT innovation and dynamism, threatening the very market growth that it is driving.

Regulation is certainly one route that can be taken to resolve the serious security challenges posed by the Internet of Things (IoT).

The IoT network has huge potential for businesses to help support cost reduction, streamline operational processes and improve overall service delivery to customers. But the success of the IoT market has caused its security to become a growing concern. However, caution is needed when considering the regulation as it could damage innovation, argues Marco Hogewoning of RIPE NCC.
Changing International Law for a Changing Climate
Authors: Esty Daniel C. , Adler Dena P.
Published: October 2018

After more than two decades of inadequate international efforts to address climate change resulting from rising greenhouse gas emissions, the 2015 Paris Climate Change Agreement shifted gears. That agreement advances a “bottom-up” model of global cooperation that requires action commitments from all national governments and acknowledges the important role that cities, states, provinces, and businesses must play in delivering deep decarbonization. Given the limited control that presidents and prime ministers have over many of the policies and choices that determine their countries’ carbon footprints, the Paris Agreement missed an opportunity to formally recognize the climate change action commitments of mayors, governors, and premiers. These subnational officials often have authorities complementary to national governments, particularly in federal systems (including the United States, China, Canada, and Australia). They therefore possess significant independent capacities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through their economic development strategies, building codes, zoning rules and practices, public transportation investments, and other policies. Likewise, the world community missed an opportunity to formally recognize the commitments of companies to successful implementation of the Paris Agreement and thereby to highlight the wide range of decisions that business leaders make that significantly affect greenhouse gas emissions.
The steady cone-jet mode of electrospraying close to the minimum volume stability limit
Authors: Ponce-Torres A. , Rebollo-Muñoz N. , Herrada M. A. , Gañán-Calvo A. M. , Montanero J. M.
Published: October 2018

We study both numerically and experimentally the steady cone-jet mode of electrospraying close to the stability limit of minimum flow rate. The leaky dielectric model is solved for arbitrary values of the relative permittivity and the electrohydrodynamic Reynolds number. The linear stability analysis of the base flows is conducted by calculating their global eigenmodes. The minimum flow rate is determined as that for which the growth factor of the dominant mode becomes positive. We find a good agreement between this theoretical prediction and experimental values. The analysis of the spatial structure of the dominant perturbation may suggest that instability originates in the cone-jet transition region, which shows the local character of the cone-jet mode. The electric relaxation time is considerably smaller than the residence time of a fluid particle in the cone-jet transition region (defined as the region where the surface and bulk intensities are of the same order of magnitude) except for the high-polarity case, where these characteristic times are commensurate with each other. The superficial charge is not relaxed within the cone-jet transition region except for the high-viscosity case, because significant inner electric fields arise in the cone-jet transition region. However, those electric fields are not large enough to invalidate the scaling laws that do not take them into account. Viscosity and polarization forces compete against the driving electric shear stress in the cone-jet transition region for small Reynolds numbers and large relative permittivities, respectively. Capillary forces may also play a significant role in the minimum flow rate stability limit. The experiments show the noticeable stabilizing effect of the feeding capillary for diameters even two orders of magnitude larger than that of the jet. Stable jets with electrification levels higher than the Rayleigh limit are produced. During the jet break-up, two consecutive liquid blobs may coalesce and form a bigger emitted droplet, probably due to the jet acceleration. The size of droplets exceeds Rayleigh’s prediction owing to the stabilizing effect of both the axial electric field and viscosity.
Does residential sorting explain geographic polarization?
Authors: Martin Gregory J. , Webster Steven W.
Published: October 2018

Political preferences in the United States are highly correlated with population density, at national, state, and metropolitan-area scales. Using new data from voter registration records, we assess the extent to which this pattern can be explained by geographic mobility. We find that the revealed preferences of voters who move from one residence to another correlate with partisan affiliation, though voters appear to be sorting on non-political neighborhood attributes that covary with partisan preferences rather than explicitly seeking politically congruent neighbors. But, critically, we demonstrate through a simulation study that the estimated partisan bias in moving choices is on the order of five times too small to sustain the current geographic polarization of preferences. We conclude that location must have some influence on political preference, rather than the other way around, and provide evidence in support of this theory.
TOWARDS JUDICIAL COORDINATION FOR GOOD WATER GOVERNANCE?
Authors: Barral Virginie
Published: October 2018

This article explores the procedural environmental rights practice of regional human rights and environmental protection systems through a comparative lens in order to identify the ways in which existing developments and current trends can inform and enrich the procedural dimension of the right to water. The study suggests that enhanced levels of transparency, public engagement and justiciability in water-related decisions are significant steps towards the achievement of the substantive dimension of the right to water and highlights the potential for cross-fertilization between such regimes towards good water governance.
The Color of Dissent and a Vital Politics of Fragility in South Korea
Authors: Kim Nan
Published: October 2018

Inspired by the life and work of the late anthropologist Nancy Abelmann (1959–2016), this essay reflects upon public evocations of human vulnerability as central to understanding recent cultural phenomena and political transformations leading up to and during the Candlelight Revolution in South Korea. In this regard, how did the color vivid yellow come to define both spaces of protest and markers of dissident identity? Considering the prevalence of yellow ribbons, yellow balloons, yellow butterflies, and yellow paper lifeboats, what does it mean for such objects to have been circulated and recirculated in layered metaphorical assemblages that constituted new forms of public memory and new practices of political mobilization? This article addresses both the massive, peaceful Candlelight protests of 2016–17 that took place in downtown Seoul and the decade-long peace movement centered on Jeju Island's Gangjeong Village in order to theorize a vital politics of fragility that has imbued influential narratives, activist coalitions, and the material culture of protest in South Korea.
Dynamics of positrons during relativistic electron runaway
Authors: Embréus O. , Hesslow L. , Hoppe M. , Papp G. , Richards K. , Fülöp T.
Published: October 2018

Sufficiently strong electric fields in plasmas can accelerate charged particles to relativistic energies. In this paper we describe the dynamics of positrons accelerated in such electric fields, and calculate the fraction of created positrons that become runaway accelerated, along with the amount of radiation that they emit. We derive an analytical formula that shows the relative importance of the different positron production processes, and show that, above a certain threshold electric field, the pair production by photons is lower than that by collisions. We furthermore present analytical and numerical solutions to the positron kinetic equation; these are applied to calculate the fraction of positrons that become accelerated or thermalized, which enters into rate equations that describe the evolution of the density of the slow and fast positron populations. Finally, to indicate operational parameters required for positron detection during runaway in tokamak discharges, we give expressions for the parameter dependencies of detected annihilation radiation compared to bremsstrahlung detected at an angle perpendicular to the direction of runaway acceleration. Using the full leading-order pair-production cross-section, we demonstrate that previous related work has overestimated the collisional pair production by at least a factor of four.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS OF ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS IN HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: A REVIEW OF CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLIED METHODS
Authors: Luhnen Miriam , Prediger Barbara , Neugebauer Edmund A.M. , Mathes Tim
Published: October 2018

Objectives:

When making decisions in health care, it is essential to consider economic evidence about an intervention. The objective of this study was to analyze the methods applied for systematic reviews of health economic evaluations (SR-HEs) in HTA and to identify common challenges.

Methods:

We manually searched the Web pages of HTA organizations and included HTA-reports published since 2015. Prerequisites for inclusion were the conduct of an SR-HE in at least one electronic database and the use of the English, German, French, or Spanish language. Methodological features were extracted in standardized tables. We prepared descriptive statistical (e.g., median, range) measures to describe the applied methods. Data were synthesized in a structured narrative way.

Results:

Eighty-three reports were included in the analysis. We identified inexplicable heterogeneity, particularly concerning literature search strategy, data extraction, assessment of quality, and applicability. Furthermore, process steps were often missing or reported in a nontransparent way. The use of a standardized data extraction form was indicated in one-third of reports (32 percent). Fifty-four percent of authors systematically appraised included studies. In 10 percent of reports, the applicability of included studies was assessed. Involvement of two reviewers was rarely reported for the study selection (43 percent), data extraction (28 percent), and quality assessment (39 percent).

Conclusions:

The methods applied for SR-HEs in HTA and their reporting quality are very heterogeneous. Efforts toward a detailed, standardized guidance for the preparation of SR-HEs definitely seem necessary. A general harmonization and improvement of the applied methodology would increase the value of SR-HE for decision makers.
Taking it up a level: Copy-raising and cascaded tiers of morphosyntactic change
Authors: Brook Marisa
Published: October 2018

This paper uncovers evidence for two linked levels of morphosyntactic change occurring in Canadian English. The more ordinary is a lexical replacement: with finite subordination afterseem,the complementizerlikehas been overtaking all the alternatives (as if, as though, that,andØ). On top of this, there is a broader syntactic change whereby the entire finite structure (now represented primarily bylike) is beginning to catch on at the expense of infinitival subordination afterseem. Drawing on complementary evidence from British English and several partial precedents in the historical linguistics literature, I take this correlation to mean thatlikehas reached sufficient rates among the finite strategy to have instigated the second level of change, to the point that it has ramifications for epistemic and evidential marking with the verbseem. I propose that the best model of these trajectories is a set of increasingly large envelopes of variation, one inside the next, and argue that the envelope might itself be an entity susceptible to change over time.
Human Heredity Now and in the Future
Authors: Meselson Matthew
Published: October 2018

The distinctive human characteristic of curiosity, once liberated from belief in supernatural causes of natural phenomena, has led with increasing speed to the brink of a world in which humanity will increasingly direct its own genetic endowment, raising the question of what we most value in being human and how to keep faith with it.
SYMMETRY GEOMETRY BY PAIRINGS
Authors: CHIASELOTTI G. , GENTILE T. , INFUSINO F.
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we introduce asymmetry geometryfor all those mathematical structures which can be characterized by means of a generalization (which we call pairing) of a finite rectangular table. In more detail, let$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$be a given set. Apairing$\mathfrak{P}$on$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$is a triple$\mathfrak{P}:=(U,F,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC})$, where$U$and$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$are nonempty sets and$F:U\times \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}\rightarrow \unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$is a map having domain$U\times \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$and codomain$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$. Through this notion, we introduce a local symmetry relation on$U$and a global symmetry relation on the power set${\mathcal{P}}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA})$. Based on these two relations, we establish the basic properties of our symmetry geometry induced by$\mathfrak{P}$. The basic tool of our study is a closure operator$M_{\mathfrak{P}}$, by means of which (in the finite case) we can represent any closure operator. We relate the study of such a closure operator to several types of others set operators and set systems which refine the notion of an abstract simplicial complex.
Quality assurance of linear accelerator: a comprehensive system using electronic portal imaging device
Authors: Niyas P. , Abdullah K. K. , Noufal M. P. , Vysakh R.
Published: October 2018

Aim

The Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID), primarily used for patient setup during radiotherapy sessions is also used for dosimetric measurements. In the present study, the feasibility of EPID in both machine and patient-specific quality assurance (QA) are investigated. We have developed a comprehensive software tool for effective utilisation of EPID in our institutional QA protocol.

Materials and methods

Portal Vision aS1000, amorphous silicon portal detector attached to Clinac iX—Linear Accelerator (LINAC) was used to measure daily profile and output constancy, various Multi-Leaf Collimator (MLC) checks and patient plan verification. Different QA plans were generated with the help of Eclipse Treatment Planning System (TPS) and MLC shaper software. The indigenously developed MATLAB programs were used for image analysis. Flatness, symmetry, output constancy, Field Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and fluence comparison were studied from images obtained from TPS and EPID dosimetry.

Results

The 3 years institutional data of profile constancy and patient-specific QA measured using EPID were found within the acceptable limits. The daily output of photon beam correlated with the output obtained through solid phantom measurements. The Pearson correlation coefficients are 0.941 (p = 0.0001), 0.888 (p = 0.0188) and 0.917 (p = 0.0007) for the years of 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. The accuracy of MLC for shaping complex treatment fields was studied in terms of FWHM at different portions of various fields, showed good agreement between TPS-generated and EPID-measured MLC positions. The comparison of selected patient plans in EPID with an independent 2D array detector system showed statistically significant correlation between these two systems. Percentage difference between TPS computed and EPID measured fluence maps calculated for number of patients using MATLAB code also exhibited the validity of those plans for treatment.
Pulsation Characteristics of Jovian Infrared Northern Aurora Observed by the Subaru IRCS with Adaptive Optics
Authors: Watanabe H. , Kita H. , Tao C. , Kagitani M. , Sakanoi T. , Kasaba Y.
Published: October 2018

We report narrow band‐filtered imaging observations of the Jovian H3+ 3.4‐μm emission using the IRCS (infrared camera and spectrograph) on the Subaru telescope taken on 25 May 2016. Approximately 1 hr of data was taken at intervals of 45–110 s, with high spatial resolution (~0.2 arcsec) using adaptive optics. In the northern polar region, we found bright patch‐like emissions on the poleward side of the main oval. One of them had a pulsation period of ~10 min. We utilized an H3+ emission model to investigate the response time of the H3+ emission to abrupt and periodic variations of the precipitating electron flux. The model showed that the H3+ emission could pulsate with this timescale due to a modulated flux of the precipitating electrons in the kilo‐electron‐volt to tens of kilo‐electron‐volt energy range.
Magnetotail Hall Physics in the Presence of Cold Ions
Authors: Alm L. , André M. , Vaivads A. , Khotyaintsev Y. V. , Torbert R. B. , Burch J. L , Ergun R. E. , Lindqvist P.‐A. , Russell C. T. , Giles B. L. , Mauk B. H.
Published: October 2018

We present the first in situ observation of cold ionospheric ions modifying the Hall physics of magnetotail reconnection. While in the tail lobe, Magnetospheric Multiscale mission observed cold (tens of eV) E × B drifting ions. As Magnetospheric Multiscale mission crossed the separatrix of a reconnection exhaust, both cold lobe ions and hot (keV) ions were observed. During the closest approach of the neutral sheet, the cold ions accounted for ∼30% of the total ion density. Approximately 65% of the initial cold ions remained cold enough to stay magnetized. The Hall electric field was mainly supported by the j × B term of the generalized Ohm's law, with significant contributions from the ∇·Pe and vc×B terms. The results show that cold ions can play an important role in modifying the Hall physics of magnetic reconnection even well inside the plasma sheet. This indicates that modeling magnetic reconnection may benefit from including multiscale Hall physics.
Contrasting the Effects of the 1850–1975 Increase in Sulphate Aerosols from North America and Europe on the Atlantic in the CESM
Authors: Undorf S. , Bollasina M. A. , Booth B. B. B. , Hegerl G. C.
Published: October 2018

The extent and mechanisms of the Atlantic response to the historical (1850–1975) increase of sulphate aerosol emissions from North America and Europe as simulated in eight‐member ensemble experiments with the coupled Community Earth System Model (CESM1)‐Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3 are contrasted. The results show that aerosols from either source cause a long‐term cooling of North Atlantic sea surface temperatures, with the patterns a combination of atmospheric aerosol effects and an aerosol‐induced strengthening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The response to North American emissions is larger since prevailing winds cause wider aerosol spread over the Atlantic, collocated with climatological cloud cover. The Intertropical Convergence Zone shifts southward affecting tropical precipitation globally. The simulated (multi)decadal components of sea surface temperature and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation variability are furthermore primarily externally forced. The analysis provides novel insights into the mechanisms of aerosol impact on the Atlantic. It suggests that projected further emission reductions will lead to opposite changes.
Hectometric Line Spectra Detected by the Arase (ERG) Satellite
Authors: Hashimoto Kozo , Kumamoto Atsushi , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Kasahara Yoshiya , Matsuoka Ayako
Published: October 2018

A new type of terrestrial line spectra has been detected by the Arase satellite. These spectra are called hectometric line spectra. They consist primarily of constant frequency narrowband components at frequencies between 525 and 1,700 kHz, which originate and are sometimes amplified from AM broadcasting waves and other generated emissions. These line spectra can be amplified or generated by the odd‐harmonic electrostatic cyclotron instability while in the Z mode. Hectometric line spectra need to be mode‐converted to the L‐O mode to be received at higher altitudes because the Z mode can only exist when its frequency is lower than the local upper hybrid resonance frequency. Wave penetration into the ionosphere and mode conversion are enabled by low‐density regions and steep density gradients in ionospheric irregularities. Note that the broadcasting waves passed through the ionosphere with frequencies lower than the maximum plasma frequency along their paths.
Infrared Radiation in the Thermosphere Near the End of Solar Cycle 24
Authors: Mlynczak Martin G. , Hunt Linda A. , Marshall B. Thomas , Russell James M.
Published: October 2018

Observations of thermospheric infrared radiative cooling by carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitric oxide (NO) from 2002 to 2018 are presented. The time span covers more than 6,000 days including most of solar cycle (SC) 23 and the entirety of SC 24 to date. Maxima of infrared cooling rate profiles (nW/m3) are smaller during SC 24 than SC 23, indicating a cooler thermosphere. Rates of global infrared power (W) from CO2 are now at levels observed during the deep solar minimum of 2009. Rates of NO power are still larger than those observed during 2009 and are being maintained at an elevated level by geomagnetic activity. During SC 24 to date, the thermosphere has radiated 70% of the energy of the mean of the past five cycles and would require an additional 1,690 days at current infrared radiation rates to reach that amount.
The Embodied Theory of Stress: A Constructionist Perspective on the Experience of Stress
Authors: Francis Alisha L.
Published: October 2018

An emphasis on the physiological activity related to psychological stress is hardly novel. Considering stress from the perspective of embodiment, however, places that physiological activity in a new light. Research and theory from that perspective emphasizes the reciprocal nature between psychological and physiological processes. This article incorporates findings regarding peripheral, body-based embodiment with existing theories to introduce a more integrated understanding of the experience of psychological stress. A discussion of central embodiment and modality-based simulations leads to the conclusion that the psychological construction paradigm may be more applicable than are previous stimulus–organism–response approaches. The embodied theory of stress (ETS) reflects the constructionist paradigm. The theory hypothesizes that situations are categorized as stressful, and consciously labeled as such, based on the unconscious, automatic integration of data from the body, the external environment, and previous experience. The ETS also asserts that experiences categorized as stressful are accompanied by unique patterns of physiological activity.
CD26 is a potential therapeutic target by humanized monoclonal antibody for the treatment of multiple myeloma
Authors: Nishida Hiroko , Hayashi Mutsumi , Morimoto Chikao , Sakamoto Michiie , Yamada Taketo
Published: October 2018

CD26, a 110-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed on several tumor cells including malignant lymphoma, has been implicated in tumorigenesis: however, little is known regarding its role in multiple myeloma (MM). Recently, we identified CD26 expression on human osteoclasts (OCs) and demonstrated that humanized IgG1monoclonal antibody targeting CD26, huCD26mAb, inhibits human OC differentiation. Herein, we show that CD26 expression was present on plasma cells in the bone marrow tissues of MM patients. In vitro immunostaining studies revealed that although CD26 expression was low or absent on MM cell lines cultured alone, it was intensely and uniformly expressed on MM cell lines co-cultured with OCs. The augmented CD26 expression in MM cells was exploited to enhance anti-MM efficacy of huCD26mAb via a substantial increase in antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) but not complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Moreover, huCD26mAb in combination with novel agents synergistically enhanced huCD26mAb induced ADCC activity against CD26+ MM cells compared with each agent alone. huCD26mAb additionally reduced the ratio of the side population (SP) fraction in CD26+ MM cells by ADCC. Finally, huCD26mAb significantly reduced the MM tumor burden and OC formation in vivo. These results suggest that CD26 is a potential target molecule in MM and that huCD26mAb could act as a therapeutic agent.
Correction to: Efficiency of genomic prediction across two Eucalyptus nitens seed orchards with different selection histories
Authors: Suontama Mari , Klápště Jaroslav , Telfer Emily , Graham Natalie , Stovold Toby , Low Charlie , McKinley Russell , Dungey Heidi
Published: October 2018

Published online: 6 July 2018

This article was originally published under standard licence, but has now been made available under a [CC BY 4.0] license. The PDF and HTML versions of the paper have been modified accordingly.
Spatiotemporal regulation of the GPCR activity of BAI3 by C1qL4 and Stabilin-2 controls myoblast fusion
Authors: Hamoud Noumeira , Tran Viviane , Aimi Takahiro , Kakegawa Wataru , Lahaie Sylvie , Thibault Marie-Pier , Pelletier Ariane , Wong G. William , Kim In-San , Kania Artur , Yuzaki Michisuke , Bouvier Michel , Côté Jean-François
Published: October 2018

Myoblast fusion is tightly regulated during development and regeneration of muscle fibers. BAI3 is a receptor that orchestrates myoblast fusion via Elmo/Dock1 signaling, but the mechanisms regulating its activity remain elusive. Here we report that mice lacking BAI3 display small muscle fibers and inefficient muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin-induced injury. We describe two proteins that repress or activate BAI3 in muscle progenitors. We find that the secreted C1q-like1–4 proteins repress fusion by specifically interacting with BAI3. Using a proteomic approach, we identify Stabilin-2 as a protein that interacts with BAI3 and stimulates its fusion promoting activity. We demonstrate that Stabilin-2 activates the GPCR activity of BAI3. The resulting activated heterotrimeric G-proteins contribute to the initial recruitment of Elmo proteins to the membrane, which are then stabilized on BAI3 through a direct interaction. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the activity of BAI3 is spatiotemporally regulated by C1qL4 and Stabilin-2 during myoblast fusion.
Cooperative mechanisms of oxygen vacancy stabilization and migration in the isolated tetrahedral anion Scheelite structure
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan , Fernández-Carrión Alberto J. , Wang Jiehua , Porcher Florence , Fayon Franck , Allix Mathieu , Kuang Xiaojun
Published: October 2018

Tetrahedral units can transport oxide anions via interstitial or vacancy defects owing to their great deformation and rotation flexibility. Compared with interstitial defects, vacancy-mediated oxide-ion conduction in tetrahedra-based structures is more difficult and occurs rarely. The isolated tetrahedral anion Scheelite structure has showed the advantage of conducting oxygen interstitials but oxygen vacancies can hardly be introduced into Scheelite to promote the oxide ion migration. Here we demonstrate that oxygen vacancies can be stabilized in the BiVO4 Scheelite structure through Sr2+ for Bi3+ substitution, leading to corner-sharing V2O7 tetrahedral dimers, and migrate via a cooperative mechanism involving V2O7-dimer breaking and reforming assisted by synergic rotation and deformation of neighboring VO4 tetrahedra. This finding reveals the ability of Scheelite structure to transport oxide ion through vacancies or interstitials, emphasizing the possibility to develop oxide-ion conductors with parallel vacancy and interstitial doping strategies within the same tetrahedra-based structure type.
Multi-omic tumor data reveal diversity of molecular mechanisms that correlate with survival
Authors: Ramazzotti Daniele , Lal Avantika , Wang Bo , Batzoglou Serafim , Sidow Arend
Published: October 2018

Outcomes for cancer patients vary greatly even within the same tumor type, and characterization of molecular subtypes of cancer holds important promise for improving prognosis and personalized treatment. This promise has motivated recent efforts to produce large amounts of multidimensional genomic (multi-omic) data, but current algorithms still face challenges in the integrated analysis of such data. Here we present Cancer Integration via Multikernel Learning (CIMLR), a new cancer subtyping method that integrates multi-omic data to reveal molecular subtypes of cancer. We apply CIMLR to multi-omic data from 36 cancer types and show significant improvements in both computational efficiency and ability to extract biologically meaningful cancer subtypes. The discovered subtypes exhibit significant differences in patient survival for 27 of 36 cancer types. Our analysis reveals integrated patterns of gene expression, methylation, point mutations, and copy number changes in multiple cancers and highlights patterns specifically associated with poor patient outcomes.
Multifunctional sequence-defined macromolecules for chemical data storage
Authors: Martens Steven , Landuyt Annelies , Espeel Pieter , Devreese Bart , Dawyndt Peter , Du Prez Filip
Published: October 2018

Sequence-defined macromolecules consist of a defined chain length (single mass), end-groups, composition and topology and prove promising in application fields such as anti-counterfeiting, biological mimicking and data storage. Here we show the potential use of multifunctional sequence-defined macromolecules as a storage medium. As a proof-of-principle, we describe how short text fragments (human-readable data) and QR codes (machine-readable data) are encoded as a collection of oligomers and how the original data can be reconstructed. The amide-urethane containing oligomers are generated using an automated protecting-group free, two-step iterative protocol based on thiolactone chemistry. Tandem mass spectrometry techniques have been explored to provide detailed analysis of the oligomer sequences. We have developed the generic software tools Chemcoder for encoding/decoding binary data as a collection of multifunctional macromolecules and Chemreader for reconstructing oligomer sequences from mass spectra to automate the process of chemical writing and reading.
Long time-scales in primate amygdala neurons support aversive learning
Authors: Taub Aryeh H. , Shohat Yosef , Paz Rony
Published: October 2018

Associative learning forms when there is temporal relationship between a stimulus and a reinforcer, yet the inter-trial-interval (ITI), which is usually much longer than the stimulus-reinforcer-interval, contributes to learning-rate and memory strength. The neural mechanisms that enable maintenance of time between trials remain unknown, and it is unclear if the amygdala can support time scales at the order of dozens of seconds. We show that the ITI indeed modulates rate and strength of aversive-learning, and that single-units in the primate amygdala and dorsal-anterior-cingulate-cortex signal confined periods within the ITI, strengthen this coding during acquisition of aversive-associations, and diminish during extinction. Additionally, pairs of amygdala-cingulate neurons synchronize during specific periods suggesting a shared circuit that maintains the long temporal gap. The results extend the known roles of this circuit and suggest a mechanism that maintains trial-structure and temporal-contingencies for learning.
Wearable Sensor System for Detection of Lactate in Sweat
Authors: Currano Luke J. , Sage F. Connor , Hagedon Matthew , Hamilton Leslie , Patrone Julia , Gerasopoulos Konstantinos
Published: October 2018

Increased development of wearable sensors for physiological monitoring has spurred complementary interest in the detection of biochemical indicators of health and performance. We report a wearable sensor system for non-invasive detection of excreted human biomarkers in sweat. The system consists of a thin, flexible, kapton patch (2.5 × 7.5 cm) that can be coated with adhesive and affixed to the skin. The system can be controlled by a cell phone via a near-field communications protocol, charged wirelessly, and the data can be downloaded and displayed in a smart phone app. The system is designed such that the sensing element plugs into a low-profile socket, and can easily be removed and replaced as needed due to saturation or aging effects. As a demonstration case, we examined using an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) within this system to monitor lactate concentration. Several different methods for optimizing the sensor performance were compared, including altering electrode materials, employing various immobilization techniques, and tailoring operating voltages. Resulting functional response of the lactate oxidase enzyme was compared as a function of the sensor variables. The OECT sensor was shown to have high sensitivity to lactate, however the sensing range is limited to lactate concentrations below approximately 1 mM.
Publisher Correction: BATCH-GE: Batch analysis of Next-Generation Sequencing data for genome editing assessment
Authors: Boel Annekatrien , Steyaert Wouter , De Rocker Nina , Menten Björn , Callewaert Bert , De Paepe Anne , Coucke Paul , Willaert Andy
Published: October 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Publisher Correction: Detection of antibiotics synthetized in microfluidic picolitre-droplets by various actinobacteria
Authors: Mahler Lisa , Wink Konstantin , Beulig R. Julia , Scherlach Kirstin , Tovar Miguel , Zang Emerson , Martin Karin , Hertweck Christian , Belder Detlev , Roth Martin
Published: October 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Plk1 Regulates the Repressor Function of FoxM1b by inhibiting its Interaction with the Retinoblastoma Protein
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Nishit K. , Chand Vaibhav , Pandey Akshay , Kopanja Dragana , Carr Janai R. , Chen Yi-Ju , Liao Xiubei , Raychaudhuri Pradip
Published: October 2018

A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Application Status of Post-combustion CO2 Capture
Authors: Pudasainee Deepak , Kurian Vinoj , Gupta Rajender
Published: October 2018

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major anthropogenic greenhouse gas. The atmospheric concentration of CO2 has increased from 280 ppm, in the mid-1800s, to about 407 ppm in 2017. Due to the global warming and climate change effect there have been worldwide efforts to control CO2 emission. Pre-combustion capture, post-combustion capture, oxy-fuel combustion, and chemical looping combustion are the technological options currently under consideration for capturing CO2 from combustion and gasification facilities. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been accepted as a primary option to mitigate anthropogenic CO2 emissions. There are few large-scale CCS facilities in operation at present: (i) Petra Nova Carbon Capture, Texas, USA; (ii) SaskPower Boundary Dam- CCS; (iii) Kemper County Energy Facility (IGCC + CCS); and (iv) Callide – Oxy-fuel combustion and carbon storage demonstration plant. Furthermore, there have been some emerging small-scale PCC projects, most of which use ammonia or proprietary amines as a solvent.
Solution-processed wrinkled electrodes enable the development of stretchable electrochemical biosensors
Authors: Chan Yuting , Skreta Marta , McPhee Hannah , Saha Sudip , Deus Ryan , Soleymani Leyla
Published: October 2018

Wearable biosensors are critical for enabling real-time and continuous health monitoring and disease management.
Fluorescent probe based on rosamine with pyridinium unit for hydrogen sulfide detection in mitochondria
Authors: Wang Yue , Yang Ling , Wei Xue-Rui , Sun Ru , Xu Yu-Jie , Ge Jian-Feng
Published: October 2018

A mitochondria-targeted fluorescence probe based on rosamine with pyridinium unit was prepared for detecting hydrogen sulfide.
A dual redox-responsive supramolecular amphiphile fabricated by selenium-containing pillar[6]arene-based molecular recognition
Authors: Zhou Yujuan , Jie Kecheng , Huang Feihe
Published: October 2018

A dual redox-responsive pillar[6]arene-based supramolecular amphiphile was fabricated in water. The self-assembly behavior of this supramolecular amphiphile in response to dual redox stimuli was investigated.
Room temperature methoxylation in zeolite H-ZSM-5: an operando DRIFTS/mass spectrometric study
Authors: Matam Santhosh K. , Howe Russell F. , Thetford Adam , Catlow C. Richard A.
Published: October 2018

At high loading, methanol reacts under ambient conditions with acidic hydroxyls of H-ZSM-5 to methoxylate framework oxygen; while a significant proportion remains hydrogen bonded to the framework with protonated geometry.
Gas adsorption, magnetic, and fluorescent sensing properties of four coordination polymers based on 1,3,5-tris(4-carbonylphenyloxy)benzene and bis(imidazole) linkers
Authors: Zhang Jie , Gao Ling-Ling , Zhai Li-jun , Wang Xiao-Qing , Fan Li-Ming , Hu Tuo-Ping
Published: October 2018

Four 3D novel coordination polymers (CPs) have been synthesized under solvothermal conditions. Furthermore, gas sorption behaviors revealed that complex 1 has excellent selective separation for CO2/CH4.
Columnar Gd2O3:Eu3+/Tb3+ phosphors: preparation, luminescence properties and growth mechanism
Authors: Qian Benfu , Zou Haifeng , Meng Deyue , Zhou Xiuqing , Song Yanhua , Zheng Keyan , Miao Chong , Sheng Ye
Published: October 2018

Columnar Gd2O3:Eu3+/Tb3+ phosphors were successfully prepared by a solvothermal method and subsequent calcination process.
Surfactant-free aqueous synthesis of novel Ba3Gd2F12:Ln3+ nanocrystals with luminescence properties
Authors: Feng Yang , Shao Baiqi , Zhao Shuang , You Hongpeng
Published: October 2018

Novel Ba3Gd2F12:Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Dy, Tb, Ce, Er, Tm, and Yb) nanocrystals with multicolor emissions have been prepared via a surfactant-free aqueous hydrothermal route for the first time.
Huge Rashba-type spin–orbit coupling in binary hexagonal PX nanosheets (X = As, Sb, and Bi)
Authors: Zhu Liyan , Zhang Tingting , Chen Guibin , Chen Huabao
Published: October 2018

Inversion symmetry breaking in binary alloyed hexagonal PX nanosheets (X = As, Sb, and Bi) results in a huge Rashba-type spin–orbit coupling.
Negative/zero thermal expansion in black phosphorus nanotubes
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Cong
Published: October 2018

The thermal expansion of BPNTs has been given a comprehensive study. It is found that the abnormal thermal expansion can be tunable by changing diameter and bonding in the unique configurations of armchair and zigzag BPNTs.
Stoichiometric control: 8- and 10-coordinate Ln(hfac)3(bpy) and Ln(hfac)3(bpy)2 complexes of the early lanthanides La–Sm
Authors: Fatila Elisabeth M. , Maahs Adam C. , Hetherington Erin E. , Cooper Brandon J. , Cooper Riley E. , Daanen Nick N. , Jennings Michael , Skrabalak Sara E. , Preuss Kathryn E.
Published: October 2018

Solution and mechanochemistry are used to obtain 8- and 10-coordinate complexes of the lanthanides La–Sm Ln(hfac)3(bpy)X(X = 1, 2).
Insights into the influence of ethylene group orientation on the iron(iii) spin state in the spin crossover complex [FeIII(Sal2-trien)]+
Authors: Blagov Maxim A. , Krapivin Vladimir B. , Simonov Sergey V. , Spitsyna Nataliya G.
Published: October 2018

The DFT calculations of the spin crossover complex [FeIII(Sal2-trien)]+ with different conformations of ethylene groups were performed. The results explain the presence of disordered structures/transition states of the ethylene groups observed in the [FeIII(Sal2-trien)]+-type structures found in the CCDC database.
Vanadyl sulfates: molecular structure, magnetism and electrochemical activity
Authors: Ignaszak Anna , Patterson Nigel , Radtke Mariusz , Elsegood Mark R. J. , Frese Josef W. A. , Lipman Joah L. Z. F. , Yamato Takehiko , Sanz Sergio , Brechin Euan K. , Prior Timothy J. , Redshaw Carl
Published: October 2018

Use of different calixarenes with vanadyl sulfate/base under N2 affords different polyoxovanadates. Molecular structures, electrochemical activity and magnetism are reported.
Ultrafine hybrid Cu2O–Fe2O3 nanoparticles stabilized by hexaphenylbenzene-based supramolecular assemblies: a photocatalytic system for the Ullmann–Goldberg coupling reaction
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Kumar Manoj , Bhalla Vandana
Published: October 2018

Ultrafine hybrid Cu2O–Fe2O3 NPs stabilized by assemblies of HPB serve as an efficient photocatalytic system for carrying out C–N coupling.
Effect of sheathing the sample aerosol with hydrogen, nitrogen or water vapour on the analytical performance of solid sampling electrothermal vaporisation coupled to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Al Hejami Ahmed , Beauchemin Diane
Published: October 2018

A nitrogen, hydrogen or water vapour sheath around the sample aerosol improves detection limit, the greatest improvement resulting with nitrogen.
An optofluidic system with integrated microlens arrays for parallel imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Holzner Gregor , Du Ying , Cao Xiaobao , Choo Jaebum , J. deMello Andrew , Stavrakis Stavros
Published: October 2018

In recent years, high-speed imaging has become increasingly effective for the rapid analysis of single cells in flowing environments.
Microfluidic screening of antibiotic susceptibility at a single-cell level shows the inoculum effect of cefotaxime on E. coli
Authors: Postek Witold , Gargulinski Pawel , Scheler Ott , Kaminski Tomasz S. , Garstecki Piotr
Published: October 2018

We separate emulsions with an immiscible oil phase to identify reaction conditions by the location of emulsion in emulsion series.
Effects of alumina on GO and KIT-6 supports for the acetylation of glycerol
Authors: Kanimozhi S. , Ramani V. , Pandurangan A.
Published: October 2018

The support effects of graphene oxide (GO) and KIT-6 on alumina loading as a catalyst to convert glycerol into value added products via the acetylation reaction were studied.
Rare earth phosphors based on spherical infinite coordination polymers
Authors: Arroyos Guilherme , Frem Regina Célia Galvão
Published: October 2018

New spherical lanthanide infinite coordination polymer (ICP)-based phosphors were obtained and show great potential for light-emitting applications.
Sensory gating in bilayer amorphous carbon memristors
Authors: Raeber T. J. , Barlow A. J. , Zhao Z. C. , McKenzie D. R. , Partridge J. G. , McCulloch D. G. , Murdoch B. J.
Published: October 2018

Paired pulse inhibition is observed using amorphous carbon memristors, which enables their use for sensory gating.
Ultrafine and highly dispersed platinum nanoparticles confined in a triazinyl-containing porous organic polymer for catalytic applications
Authors: Zhao Hong , Yu Guiqin , Yuan Man , Yang Jin , Xu Dan , Dong Zhengping
Published: October 2018

Highly dispersed ultrafine Pt nanoparticles were confined in a triazinyl-containing porous organic polymer for the catalytic hydrolysis of ammonia borane and the selective hydrogenation of halogenated nitrobenzenes with excellent catalytic activity.
Robust N-doped carbon aerogels strongly coupled with iron–cobalt particles as efficient bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Fu Gengtao , Liu Yu , Chen Yifan , Tang Yawen , Goodenough John B. , Lee Jong-Min
Published: October 2018

Porous “dual-network” N–carbon aerogel anchored FeCo particles are developed as an effective bifunctional electrocatalyst through a novel composite hydrogel strategy.
Cobalt layered double hydroxides derived CoP/Co2P hybrids for electrocatalytic overall water splitting
Authors: Chen Liyong , Zhang Yingyue , Wang Huifang , Wang Yanxin , Li Dezhi , Duan Chunying
Published: October 2018

Cobalt layered double hydroxides (Co-LDHs) obtained by an imidazole-assisted route were used as precursors to prepare dual-functional electrocatalysts CoP/Co2P for water splitting.
Electrolysis promoted reductive amination of electron-deficient aldehydes/ketones: a green route to the racemic clopidogrel
Authors: Zhang Qianyun , Zhu Wen , Yao Jinzhong , Li Xiaofang , Zhou Hongwei
Published: October 2018

A green and efficient electrocatalytic reductive amination of electron-deficient aldehydes/ketones for the preparation of racemic clopidogrel.
Thermal transport in electrospun vinyl polymer nanofibers: effects of molecular weight and side groups
Authors: Zhang Yin , Zhang Xin , Yang Lin , Zhang Qian , Fitzgerald Matthew L. , Ueda Akira , Chen Yunfei , Mu Richard , Li Deyu , Bellan Leon M.
Published: October 2018

Thermal conductivity increases with molecular chain length for PE nanofibers, and is higher for vinyl polymer nanofibers with lighter and more symmetric side groups.