bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LEBAR TRITISAN TERHADAP INTENSITAS CAHAYA MATAHARI PADA RUMAH TINGGAL
Authors: . Nuriyani , Widiyananto Eka
Published: July 2023

Salah satu karakteristik pada iklim tropis lembab adalah sinar matahari yang berlimpah, hal ini dapat mempengaruhi bangunan atau ruang-ruang dalam bangunan tersebut. Sinar matahari tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendapatkan pencahayaan alami pada bangunan sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan penerangan agar aktifitas manusia tidak terganggu. Tritisan yang ada di bukaan jendela pada rumah-rumah yang berada di iklim tropis adalah merupakan bagian dari sistem pembayangan sebagai bentuk respon terhadap sinar matahari. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bahwa lebar tritisan pada bukaan dapat mempengaruhi intensitas cahaya yang masuk kedalam sebuah ruangan pada bangunan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah causal-comparative yaitu mencari korelasi atau hubungan antara lebar tritisan dengan besarnya intensitas cahaya dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi bivariate. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengukur tingkat intensitas matahari dengan alat ukur light meter pada ruang dengan ukuran tritisan yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada pengaruh signifikan antara lebar tritisan dengan intensitas cahaya yang masuk ke dalam bangunan dan menunjukan bahwa semakin kecil lebar tritisan maka semakin besar tingkat pencahayaan alami pada sebuah ruangan.
KARAKTERISTIK LANGGAM ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL STUDI KASUS : GEDUNG BALAIKOTA CIREBON
Authors: Ilman Nurul , . Mudhofar
Published: July 2023

Mengatahui sejarah Bangunan Arsitetur menjadi hal yang sangat penting dengan banyaknya perkembangan arsitektur dunia yang telah melahirkan berbagai macam gaya dan langgam . terutama berkembangan gaya arsitektur modern menggeser gaya dan langgam lama dan sudah jarang di Temukanya gaya-gaya arsitektur lama (arsitektur colonial) . maka dari itu pelestarian bangunan arsitektur lama di butuh kan guna mengetahui sejarah dan perkembangan arsitektur Indonesia terutama di wilayah Cirebon. Tujuan penelitian adalah menemukan keunikan dan karakter arsitektur kolonial pada gedung Balai Kota Cirebon. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dan membandingkan bentukan langgam arsitektur pada gedung Balai Kota Cirebon dengan kerakteristik arsitektur kolonial di Indonesia. hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa gedung Balai Kota Cirebon memiliki ciri atau karaketristik langgam arsitektur kolonial diantaranya terlihat pada Pemakaian bahan bangunan dari alam seperti batu bata dan bentuknya yang sangat plastis, ornamen sculptural dan bermacammacam warna dari bahan asli (bata, alam, kayu).
KARAKTER VISUAL FASADE BANGUNAN KOLONIAL PADA GEDUNG BALAIKOTA CIREBON
Authors: Ramandika Kuswantoro Dava , . Nurhidayah
Published: July 2023

Pengaruh kependudukan kolonial di Indonesia membawa dampak bagi Bangsa Indonesia di berbagai sendi kehidupan, salah satunya yaitu gaya atau langgam bangunannya. Gaya arsitektur kolonial di Indonesia sangat erat kaitannya dengan sejarah perkembangan pembangunan negara ini. Bangunan-bangunan peninggalan kolonial banyak tersebar di berbagai daerah di Indonesia dengan macam fungsi yang berbeda-beda. Salah satunya Gedung Balai Kota Cirebon. Gedung yang digunakan sebagai kantor Walikota Cirebon ini berada di Jalan Siliwangi No.24, Kampung Tanda Barat, Kecamatan Kejaksan, Kota Cirebon, Jawa Barat. Gedung ini dirancang oleh Arsitek H.P. Handl dan C.F.H. Koll yang memadu padankan gaya arsitektur modern barat dengan gaya arsitektur lokal. Gedung Balai Kota Cirebon sudah ditetapkan sebagai Benda Cagar Budaya, sebagaimana dalam Surat Keputusan Walikota Cirebon Nomor 19 tahun 2001. Elemen arsitektural pada fasade Gedung Balaikota Cirebon ini menjadi fokus yang akan dikaji lebih dalam, terutama kaitannya dengan bangunan Balaikota Cirebon sebagai salah satu bangunan bergaya kolonial. Menurut Fajarwati (2011), karakter dari sebuah objek arsitektur merupakan keberagaman atau kekhasan yang tersusun menjadi ciri-ciri objek arsitektural atau susunan elemen dasar yang terangkai sehingga membuat objek tersebut mempunyai kualitas atau kekhasan yang membedakan dengan objek lain. Mengacu pada aspek tersebut maka penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif guna mengetahui makna dari elemen visual fasade. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu mengidentifikasi mengenai ciri-ciri karakter visual fasade bangunan kolonial Gedung Balai Kota Cirebon, khususnya pada elemen arsitektural pada fasade.
IDENTIFIKASI PENCAHAYAAN ALAMI DI KAMPUS SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI CIREBON
Authors: Hasanudin Maulana , Widiyananto Eka
Published: July 2023

Ruang Kelas pada Kampus Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Cirebon merupakan salah satu ruang yang sangat penting bagi mahasiswa untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran. Kenyamanan secara visual sangatlah penting agar mahasiswa dapat melakukan aktivitas dengan baik tanpa terganggu baik oleh silau ataupun kekurangan intensitas cahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tingkat intensitas cahaya alami pada ruang kelas gedung kampus Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Cirebon (STTC). Sedangkan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan melakukan pengukuran tingkat intensitas cahaya alami pada ruang kelas 202, 301 dan 303 menggunakan alat ukur lightmeter. Hasil pengukuran dapat menggambarkan tingkat intensitas cahaya alami bervariasi untuk setiap ruang kelas yang diukur sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap intensitas cahaya alami pada ruang kelas di Kampus Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Cirebon (STTC).
STRUKTUR SEBAGAI ESTETIKA PADA BANGUNAN GEREJA SANTO YUSUF CIREBON
Authors: Fitria Nur’Annisa Mona , . Nurhidayah
Published: July 2023

Cirebon merupakan salah satu Kota di Jawa Barat yang banyak memiliki peninggalan bangunan pada era zaman kolonial Belanda. Salah satu bangunan yang masih berdiri hingga saat ini adalah Gereja Santo Yusuf dimana bangunan tersebut juga masih berfungsi dengan baik. Saat ini bangunan tersebut merupakan bangunan yang dilestarikan dan masuk dalam daftar bangunan cagar budaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari informasi dan gambaran mengenai bentukstruktur yang ada di bangunan Gereja Santo Yusuf Cirebon. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan pada studi ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriftif, menggunakan analisa, proses dan makna serta teori yang ada. Hasil penelitian yang telah melalui tahap analisa, data terhadap landasan teori menghasilkan gambaran bentuk struktur yang di gunakan pada bangunan tersebut serta menemukan adanya estetika pada bentuk struktur bangunan Gereja Santo Yusuf Cirebon. Hasil penelitian diaharapkan memberikan manfaat mengenai bentukan arsitektural bangunan kolonial Gereja Santo Yusuf Cirebon
Discourse analysis in journalism studies
Authors: Farkas Johan
Published: July 2023

In this section, Journalistica puts a spotlight on research methods used in journalism studies and/or journalism practice.
Listen to the Journalistica podcast episode about this article on Spotify.
Danske domme i straffesager 1945-50.
Authors: Kaarsberg O. I.
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Program for det nordiske kriminalistmøde i København 3.-7. juni 1952.
Authors: NTfK
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Legemsstraffen i England.
Authors: Klare Hugh J.
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Brott och publicitet.
Authors: Holmberg Carl
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Norske straffedommer 1950.
Authors: Leivestad Trygve
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Kriminalretskonferencen i Oslo
Authors: NTfK
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Straffrekvensen i forskellige sociale grupper.
Authors: Kallestrup Lauge R.
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Om løsladelse af drabsforbrydere.
Authors: Hye-Knudsen Axel
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
De kriminelle i lys av behovs-psykologien.
Authors: Havin Henry
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Den 3. internationale kriminologikongres
Authors: NTfK
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Anvendelse av subsidiær frihetsstraff
Authors: Löken Knut
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Drap eller etterlatelse i hjelpeløs tilstand (strl. § 233 og § 242, 2. ledd)
Authors: Parelius Nils
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Meddelelser
Authors: Johnsen Jon , Holmberg Carl
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Om retspsykiatriske planer i Holland.
Authors: Kirkegaard Aage
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Tredie internationale kriminologikongres.
Authors: Christiansen Carl O.
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Litteratur.
Authors: Andenæs Johs. , Haslund A. , Christiansen Karl O. , Johnsen Jon , Smith Jørgen , Hurwitz Stephan , Waaben Knud , Marcus Franz , Aude-Hansen Carl , Christie Nils
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Overtrædelser af den økonomiske restriktionslovgivning.
Authors: Smith Jørgen
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Korte frihedsstraffe.
Authors: Berntsen Karen , Christiansen Karl O.
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
En engelsk lægedebat om dødsstraffen.
Authors: Johnsen Jon
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Litteratur.
Authors: Johnsen Jon , Hurwitz Stephan , Pårud Nils
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Fjerde nordiske kriminalistmøte.
Authors: NTfK
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Straffen som etisk problem.
Authors: Breen Egil
Published: July 2023

Intet resumé
Género y política en las transformaciones sociales
Authors: Álvarez Lina , Rettberg Angelika , Serrano Amaya José Fernando
Published: July 2023

Objetivo/contexto: este artículo introduce debates en torno a la relación entre género y política en varios campos de análisis. Si bien el género, como categoría de análisis, es esencialmente político, tal condición no es automática pues resulta de la variedad de formas como los activismos y los conocimientos especializados entienden cada asunto. Metodología: revisamos algunos momentos y contribuciones generales al tema que nos permitan ubicar la originalidad y particularidad de una literatura emergente e innovadora que seleccionamos para este número especial. Conclusiones: se pone en evidencia que la perspectiva de género no se limita a tratar temas de mujeres, sino que permite entender bajo una nueva óptica la organización de la sociedad en sus diferentes ámbitos. Hay, sin embargo, temas que aún merecen traerse más al centro de estos debates, como la pregunta por la política sin tener al Estado como punto de referencia, las nuevas formas de gobierno que están generizadas, y la sexualidad y el lugar de las masculinidades como objeto de análisis e intervención en las políticas. Originalidad: este número presenta lecturas feministas de las guerras y las transiciones políticas, así como la posibilidad de leer otras dimensiones de la política y unas políticas-otras.
Women Just Wanna Have Quotas: The Gender Divide on Affirmative Action in the Chilean Right
Authors: Suárez-Cao Julieta
Published: July 2023

Objective/context: This article examines attitudes towards gender quotas by right-wing leadership in Chile and assesses gender gaps in supporting affirmative action. Methodology: The study uses original data from a survey of leaders of Chile Vamos, a right-wing political alliance in Chile. A series of logistic models with finite-sample corrections are estimated to examine the attitudes of right-wing leaders towards gender quotas and support for affirmative action policies. The models control for various demographic and political factors that may affect attitudes towards affirmative action. Conclusions: The findings for right-wing women in Chile are similar to those for Northern democracies. Right-wing elites show a significant gender gap on issues related to affirmative action and gender equality. Right-wing women are more likely to support affirmative action policies than their male counterparts. Originality: Quotas increase women’s autonomy and recognize that women are historically disadvantaged. The findings of this article support the importance of descriptive representation to the extent that attitudes of right-wing women differ significantly on issues close to their gender.
¿Un feminismo à la fariana? El continuum de la militancia en el posacuerdo de paz en Colombia
Authors: Anctil Avoine Priscyll
Published: July 2023

Objetivo/contexto: en este artículo propongo el concepto de continuum de la militancia para analizar la transformación de las luchas políticas de las mujeres exguerrilleras de las FARC-EP en el posacuerdo de paz, con un énfasis particular en el nororiente del país. A partir de sus narrativas, indago sobre la transición de la lucha armada al combate feminista, así como las tensiones y desafíos que se dibujan en este camino. Metodología: me centro en tres métodos particulares, el diario feminista de campo, las entrevistas biográficas y las observaciones participantes en dos trabajos de campo conducidos en 2019 y 2022 en el nororiente colombiano. Conclusiones: el artículo confirma la necesidad de comprender la militancia posacuerdo de paz como un continuum entre la lucha armada y los diferentes combates feministas, de mujer y de género. Además, demuestra la importancia de analizar la militancia de las exguerrilleras de las FARC-EP a partir de la identidad insurgente. Finalmente, concluye que el feminismo insurgente, a pesar de las tensiones políticas que conlleva, es un ejemplo práctico de este continuum de la militancia. Originalidad: el artículo tiene tres contribuciones principales: teoriza los elementos conceptuales del continuum de la militancia, aporta al conocimiento sobre la construcción del feminismo insurgente en el nororiente colombiano y contribuye al entendimiento de las tensiones políticas en torno a la transformación de las luchas armadas en acciones feministas noviolentas.
Laughing at political opponents
Authors: Semotiuk Orest
Published: July 2023

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the discursive dimension of the standoff between supporters of 6th Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky and those of his predecessor Petro Poroshenko. This dimension is implemented in Internet memes as one of the forms of political satire. Memes can be defined by their goals, frame of reference and means. The discursive practices used in memes aiming at the symbolic defamation of a political opponent and his electoral base are considered, taking into account the target, the focus, and the presentation of political satire about the protagonists Zelensky and Poroshenko. The corresponding parameters (goal-target, frame of reference-focus, means-presentation) constitute the analytical framework for the examination of the interrelations between political participation, political humour, political satire, and political discourse in this paper.
Identity investment in stand-up comedy and online sketches
Authors: Constantinescu Mihaela Viorica
Published: July 2023

The article focuses on identity investment in stand-up comedy and online sketches performed by Romanian (or of Romanian descent) comedians acting abroad (France and United Kingdom). It aims at highlighting various humorous strategies that could be construed around a shared feature: the importance of the performer’s stage identity (persona). The analysis is based on a theoretical framework which combines stance(taking) studies and discourse approaches to humour. Immigrant’s (as marginal performers) humour reveals subversive humour: a means of coping with reality, aimed to expose and challenge power structures. The comedians explore stereotypes regarding Romanian or Eastern European immigrants in France and the UK. The differences in staging the stereotypes depend on the comedian’s identity investment in the persona he creates during the humorous performance, as well as on the degree of marginality he assumes for that persona.
Creative uses of language to invoke sex-related taboos in Churchill Raw comedy shows
Authors: Nganga Simon Wanjala
Published: July 2023

Churchill Raw event facilitates creative self-expression of young comedians through the incorporation of a variety of sex-related taboo topics. Yet, the multicultural nature of the participants in the Nairobi-based event makes the communication of such topics particularly problematic, as they can also be deemed offensive. Drawing on theoretical and methodological principles from Interactional Sociolinguistics (Gumperz, 2003), this article investigates how sex-related taboos are drawn into performances using euphemistic linguistic resources, such as puns, metaphors, metonymy, codeswitching and so on. As data we use 10 video recordings of comedians and 2 two-hour interviews with the key comedians. By focusing on situated uses of euphemistic language in the context of comedy in the African city of Nairobi, this article demonstrates that contrary to the general perception, young people observe sex-related taboos by using euphemistic language resources.
Effectiveness of Using the Talk Box to Improve Early Children’s Communication Ability
Authors: Alriani Ineke , Ahmad Arifin , Mustafa  , Safira Ifa
Published: July 2023

The talk box consists of the box and the object (learning material). Outside the talk box is a layer/pocket for storing things the child will learn. At the same time, the inside of the box is a storage container for objects children have studied. Children can choose the desired part of the object. Assessment of children’s communication skills was carried out using an observation sheet by providing a checklist of aspects that, according to the observer’s observations, were following the results or activities of children as measured through a performance test. The results of the observed children’s communication skills followed the focus of the observations on the children’s learning outcomes sheets on five aspects of the assessment, namely; 1) Proper pronunciation,       2) Sentence structure, 3) Vocabulary, 4) Fluency, and 5) Understanding. The data collection methods were observation questionnaires, tests, and documentation. In contrast, the sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample of 30 children at Mutiara Gowa Kindergarten and Al Fadiyah Gowa Kindergarten. The talk box application is declared effective in the classroom because it can improve children’s communication skills, especially at 5-6 years old.
The Effectiveness of the Red Water System (RWS) Technique in African Catfish Culture (Clarias gariepinus): A review
Authors: Yustiati Ayi , Ayuningtyas Astrid Puspita , Andriani Yuli
Published: July 2023

This article aims to analyzed the effectiveness of the Red Water System Technique on the survival and growth of cultivated catfish from the conclusions of several previous researchers. The method used in this literature study is to review several research articles on the success of catfish farming using the red water system technique. We collected and identified 50 academic articles, trusted databases, proceedings, books, dissertations, government regulations, and other international journals that were potentially relevant to the specified keywords. Upon review, the relevant literature was aggregated to 32. The collected review data is then compiled into a manuscript. The result is that probiotics in the red water system technique can maintain water quality according to quality standards by utilizing nutrient levels in waters as a food source for bacteria L.casei and catfish have high growth rates due to the addition of probiotics to the waters, which makes them resistant to disease. In conclusion, the Red Water System technique has improved growth performance, survival rate, digestibility, immunity, and disease resistance in African catfish compared to African catfish culture using conventional methods which can benefit the farmers.
Patients’ Satisfaction Regarding Dietary Service at Tertiary Hospitals
Authors: Uddin Md. Rifat , Showrav Abdullah Mahmud , Jahan Rifat , Tuhin Md. Ruhul Amin , Ullah Md. Imtiaz Khalil , Mirajbillah Md. , Amin M. Bayzid
Published: July 2023

Aim: Hospital diet is an integral part of the management of in-ward patients. Patient satisfaction is a key criterion by which the quality of dietary services can be evaluated. This study was conducted to assess the patients’ satisfaction regarding dietary service at tertiary hospitals.

Methodology: The present cross-sectional study had been carried out among 247 dietary service receivers to assess the patients’ satisfaction regarding dietary service at tertiary hospitals. The study was conducted in Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical Collage Hospital and Dhaka Dental College Hospital, Bangladesh from January to December, 2022. Convenience sampling technique was adopted and a pre-tested structured questionnaire based on Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ACHFPSQ) was used for measuring patients’ satisfaction with dietary services.

Results: The mean age of the service receivers was 39.24±13.09 years where more than half of the respondents (59%) were male and 65% of the respondents are from rural area. All of the respondents took hospital diet 3 times daily. Among the respondents 97.6% stated that they never had any option to choose their meal and 47.4% of them sometimes felt hungry between two meals. 87% of the respondents considered that the dietary staff always had good behavior. Among the respondent 41.30% had good satisfaction, 30.40% had moderate satisfaction and 22.70% had very good satisfaction regarding hospital dietary service.

Conclusion: The study concluded that almost half of respondents had good satisfaction with the overall dietary service whereas about one third of the respondents rated dietary services as average. Hospitals should strengthen the ongoing dietary service by providing a menu with variety of food daily and improve the taste of supplied food.
Evaluating the Influence of Palm Kernel Shell Ash on Ire Clay Geopolymer Concrete Cured at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Olulope O. R. , Oluborode K. D. , Popoola O. O.
Published: July 2023

There is an abundance of clay deposit in Ire Ekiti which can serve as geopolymer source material and Palm kernel shell exists as a massive agro waste in South Western Nigeria. This study evaluates the effect of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) as an additive on the compressive strength of Ire clay geopolymer concrete. The objective of the study is to determine the selected properties of the obtained concrete at room temperature. Palm kernel shell was burned at 650oC for 2 hours in a furnace. Natural clay collected from Ire Ekiti was manually pulverized, air dried and calcined in a furnace at 750o for 2 hours.  The geopolymer concrete was prepared at a mixing ratio of 1:2:3. The material constituents were calcined clay (source material), 12M of NaOH and Na2SiO3 (ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 was 2:5), river sand and 12.5mm granite were the fine and coarse aggregates respectively while PKSA of 0%,7.5% and 15% of the calcined  Ire Clay content were used as additive in preparing the geopolymer concrete. geopolymer concrete specimens were cured at ambient temperature till testing at different maturity ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. It was generally observed that increasing the percentage of PKSA as additive strongly improved the compressive strength gain with maturity of the Ire clay geopolymer concrete. At 28 days maturity, 7.5% PKSA addition improved the compressive strength by 166% while 15% PKSA addition improved the strength by 181% increase. The highest compressive strength was 7.67N/mm2 at 15% PKSA addition on 28 day. Conclusively, Ire clay and PKSA are viable source material and additive respectively for geopolymer concrete production. The Ire clay geopolymer concrete can be practically applied like conventional concrete in structural work especially in a rural community like Ire Ekiti where cement needs to be transported over kilometers. Also, the concrete performing well at ambient temperature makes it cost effective compare to most geopolymers that require heating at high temperature. It is recommended that further study on the durability should be done.
An Enhanced Dung Beetle Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization
Authors: Lu Zhenhui , Zhang Jian
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes an enhanced dung beetle optimization (EDBO) algorithm in order to address the issues of the dung beetle optimization (DBO) algorithm which include easy convergence to the local optimal, slow convergence speed, and poor global search capability. The improvements in the EDBO are implemented via the following four aspects. Firstly, the SPM chaotic mapping designed through combing Sine mapping and Piece-Wise Linear Chaotic Mapping is introduced to initialize the population for increasing diversity of population. Secondly, the position update formula in the Golden Sine Algorithm (Golden-SA) is used to replace the formula for the mathematical model of dung beetle ball-rolling behavior without obstacle with the purpose of improving the convergence accuracy and accelerating the convergence speed. Thirdly, the spiral foraging strategy in the tuna swam optimization (TSO) is hybridized with the mathematical model of dung beetle breeding and foraging behavior. The hybridization not only balances the global exploration and local exploitation but also keeps the diversity of the population. Finally, the EDBO can enhance the capability of escaping the local optima and extending the search space by means of bringing in the two different sets of adaptive weight coefficients. The performance of the EDBO is evaluated and compared with other swarm intelligence optimization algorithms via the benchmark functions of different characteristics. The results demonstrate that the EDBO outperforms the classical DBO and other compared algorithms in terms of convergence speed and accuracy.
Principles and Practices of Effective Food Safety Risk Communication – Introducing the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Food Safety Risk Communication Framework
Authors: Jin Hong , Adewoye Lateef , Dupouy Eleonora , Er Jun Cheng , Geraghty Frank , Hallman William K. , Healy Marion , Jiang YiFan , Leon-Lim Elizabeth de , Narrod Clare , Philpott Amy
Published: July 2023

This paper describes the principles and practices of effective food safety risk communication developed under the “Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Food Safety Risk Communication Framework and Associated Guidelines”. The framework recommends that effective food safety risk communication needs to be centered on the clear goal of protecting consumer health by ensuring transparency and timeliness, and communication on food safety matters should be conducted in a two-way process. It emphasizes the need to provide the public with credible information based on science and evidence and highlights that food safety is a shared responsibility among all stakeholders, including industry, government agencies, media organizations and consumers. It further highlights that food safety risk communication needs to be conducted in a consistent, systematic, inclusive, consultative, and preventative manner. The framework also indicates that effective food safety risk communication needs to pay attention to the backgrounds, experiences, and needs of concerned audiences. It stresses the importance of continuous improvement of the communication system to ensure food safety risk communication to be effective. Focusing on effective communications in response to food safety incidents, emergency or crisis situations, as well as everyday food safety communications, these principles and practical guidelines will help food safety regulators, food industry, food safety educators and other stakeholders improve their communications with target audiences.
Comparison of Post-transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) Strategies for Developing Transgenic Plants Resistant to Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV)
Authors: Krishnamurthy K. , Krishnaraju P. U. , Ningaraju T. M.
Published: July 2023

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), an economically important crop is host to many whitefly transmitted geminiviruses including tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV). Genetically engineering resistance of pathogen through Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS/RNAi) is a powerful strategy that can provide alternative to existing methods of producing virus resistant plants. We cloned and characterized ToLCV-replicase (TRP) gene from a local Dharwad, Karnataka, India ToLCV isolate for development of transgenic tomato plants. Plant expression vectors carrying viral replicase (rep) gene in sense, antisense, ihp (intron spaced hairpin) and HUTR (inverted repeats of heterologous 3΄-untranslated region) were constructed. Transgenic tomato plants carrying rep gene in different strategies when challenged with whiteflies carrying ToLCV showed varied degrees of resistance. Such plants were confirmed through PCR, GUS, Dot blot, Southern blot and semiquantitative PCR analysis. High degree of resistance was observed in the construct carrying both sense and antisense strand interrupted by intron (ihp). Our results demonstrate that, transgenic plants with simultaneous expression of sense and antisense strands are more efficient in gene silencing of ToLCV than those expressing either sense or antisense strand alone.
Optimizing Household Waste and Cow Dung Proportions for Quality Vermicompost Production
Authors: Kusum Alpana , Kumari Nitu , Choudhari Biplab , Sahu Deepika , Naya Nainsi
Published: July 2023

Aim: To standardize the ratio of household waste and cow dung for quality vermicompost based on physical properties.

Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (Factorial).

Place and Duration of Study: Vermicompost Production Unit, RPCAU, Pusa during April 2018 to June 2018.

Methodology: Household waste was combined with cow dung in three different proportions (35:65, 50:50 and 65:35 ratio of household waste and cow dung, respectively) along with rock phosphate and suitable species of earthworms @ 2 kg per ton of material at suitable temperature and moisture (370C and 65% w/w respectively) under shade. Various physical parameters were analyzed at 30, 60 and 90 days after setting the windrows.

Results: Vermicompost prepared from household waste and cow dung in (50:50) ratio recorded lowest moisture content 16.0% and highest water holding capacity (20.7%) at the end of vermicomposting process (90 days) and 94% of material passed through 4.0 mm IS sieve.

Conclusion: Vermicompost prepared from household waste and cow dung in equal proportion (50:50) emerged out as better quality vermicompost based on the observed physical characteristics.
Effect of Various Organic and Inorganic Sources of Nutrients on Growth, Yield, and Economics of Kharif Greengram [Vigna radiata. (L.) Wilczek] in the Bundelkhand Region, India
Authors: Sahu Sandeep , Singh Narendra , Gaur Amar Singh , Chaubey A. K. , Kumar Ashutosh , Mishra Suraj , Yadav Abhinav
Published: July 2023

The application of organics alone does not result in a dramatic rise in crop yields due to their low nutritional status and large quantity demand, which is also a restriction. As a result of the aforementioned implications, Greengram may now be grown using a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers, as well as bio-fertilizers. There for a felid experiment was conducted in  Effect of various organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth, yield, and economics of Kharif Greengram [Vigna radiata. (L.) Wilczek] in the Bundelkhand Region.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 3 replication having 10 treatments. The  application of Rhizobiumculture @ 25g/kg of seed along withVermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1; FYM @5 t ha-1and 100% RDF was found significantly superior in plant height (69.90cm), number of leaves per plant (60.50), leaf area index (1.88) and Number of Rhizobium nodules plant-1 (123.37) at 45 DAS, number of branches (8.43), Plant dry matter (362.11 g m-2), pods plant-1 (28.60), grain pod-1 (11.20), Length of pods (9.87cm), Seed index (4.50g), grain yield (11.41q ha-1), and straw yield (27.45q ha-1), Gross monetary returns(82330 Rs ha-1) were found higher in same treatment T10, as compared to other combination and control. However, highest benefit: cost ratio (3.44) was recorded with use of Rhizobium culture and application of 100% RDF (T2) as compared to other combination and control.
Efficacy of Plant Growth Retardants on Growth, Flowering, Yield and Shelf Life of Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.) cv. Shubhra
Authors: Kumar Aashish , Prasad V. M. , E. Topno Samir , Bahadur Vijay , Kumar Narender , Chaudhary Arpit
Published: July 2023

The present investigation Efficacy of plant growth retardants on growth, flowering, yield and shelf life of dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.) cv. Shubhra was conducted in Research Field, Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, during winter season (2022-23). The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design (RBD). There are 9th treatment combination Cycocel (1000,1500, 2000 ppm), Malic Hydrazide (1000,2000,3000 ppm), Paclobutrazol (50,100,150 ppm). T6 malic hydrazide (3000 ppm) better performance compared to others growth retardants treatments parameters like, plant height (70.71 cm), number of leaves plant-1(119.43), number of branches plant-1(7.58), stem diameter (2.36 cm), average  of length branches (71.29 cm), days taken for first flower bud initiation (64.96), complete opening of flower days (7.32), number of flower plant-1(17.42), flower diameter(16.07 cm),  flower weight (62.35 g), plant peduncle length(16.19 cm), number of flower yield plot-1 (156.81), number of flower yield ha-1 (65.18 ton.) and shelf life of flower (14.37 days).
A Study on Post-harvest Losses of Royal Delicious Apple in Different Marketing Channels at Seraj Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Saini Vaibhav , Kumar Sanjay
Published: July 2023

The present study was conducted in the year 2022-23, to analyse the post-harvest losses occurred in different marketing channels of “Royal delicious” variety of apple. The data were collected by using survey method, with the help of questionnaire by interviewing the respondents personally. A sample of 80 apple growers (54 marginal, 17 small and 9 semi medium farmers) was taken, and the existing marketing channels (Channel I,II,III)  were identified. Channel I (Producer – Primary market retailer – Consumer), Channel II (Producer – Wholesaler – Secondary market retailer – Consumer) and Channel III (Producer – Pre-harvest contractor – Wholesaler – Secondary market retailer – Consumer). Out of total 145 market functionaries a sample of 20% i.e.  30 market functionaries were selected randomly. It was revealed that, on an average a total of 12.4% of produce was lost per quintal of produce i.e. 12.4 kg/quintal, with Channel III having highest average post-harvest losses 17.4% of produce lost per quintal of produce. In Channel II the average post-harvest losses were found 14.05% loss per quintal of produce. And the Channel I had the minimum post-harvest losses of just 5.75% loss per quintal of produce. In economic terms, average loss of Rs. 744/quintal was observed at the price of Rs. 60/kg. It was concluded that marketing channel III was having highest losses because of more middlemen in the channel and by looking into the channel, at wholesaler level there were having the highest loss. These losses can be minimized by having more cold storage facilities, and quick dispose of produce from producer to consumer.
Use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems or Cigarette Smoking After US Food and Drug Administration–Prioritized Enforcement Against Fruit-Flavored Cartridges
Authors: Kasza Karin A. , Rivard Cheryl , Seo Young Sik , Reid Jessica L. , Gravely Shannon , Fong Geoffrey T. , Hammond David , Hyland Andrew
Published: June 2023

Importance

The Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) of the US Food and Drug Administration prioritized its enforcement efforts against non–tobacco-, non–menthol- (fruit-) flavored cartridge electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in February 2020.

Objective

To evaluate adults’ use of ENDS and cigarette smoking following the CTP’s prioritized enforcement efforts against fruit-flavored cartridge ENDS.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this population-based, nationally representative US cohort study, data were collected from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study from December 2018 to November 2019 (hereafter referred to as 2019) and/or from September 2020 to December 2020 (Adult Telephone Survey, hereafter referred to as 2020). Adults (aged ≥21 years) who used ENDS in the past 30 days and smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days or quit smoking cigarettes in the past year (n = 3173) were evaluated. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2022, to May 2, 2023.

Exposure

ENDS flavor-device combinations used.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Outcome measures were cross-sectional prevalence of ENDS flavor-device combinations used in 2019 (n = 2654) and 2020 (n = 519) and longitudinal transitions in cigarette smoking (cessation [no smoking in the past 30 days in 2020 among those who smoked in 2019; n = 876] and relapse [smoking in the past 30 days in 2020 among those who recently quit in 2019; n = 137]) as a function of ENDS flavor-device combination used in 2019.

Results

The sample in 2019 included 2654 individuals (55% male [95% CI, 53%-58%]). Among those who used ENDS and smoked cigarettes, fruit-flavored cartridge ENDS use decreased from 13.9% (95% CI, 12.1%-15.9%) in 2019 to 7.9% (95% CI, 5.1%-12.1%) in 2020 (P = .01), whereas fruit-flavored disposable ENDS use increased from 4.0% (95% CI, 3.1%-5.1%) in 2019 to 14.5% (95% CI, 11.6%-18.0%) in 2020 (P < .001). Patterns were similar among those who recently quit smoking. Neither cigarette cessation nor relapse rates differed between those who used ENDS that were vs were not prioritized for enforcement efforts (cessation: 23.4% [95% CI, 18.1%-29.7%] vs 26.4% [95% CI, 22.4%-30.8%]; adjusted odds ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.57-2.21; relapse: 32.7% [95% CI, 17.1%-53.4%] vs 29.8% [95% CI, 20.3%-41.3%]; adjusted odds ratio, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.24-3.84).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this nationally representative US cohort study of adults who smoked cigarettes and used ENDS, fruit-flavored cartridge ENDS use was nearly halved between 2019 and 2020. Cigarette cessation and relapse rates did not differ between those who used ENDS targeted by CTP and those who used other ENDS.
Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis
Authors: Mattarozzi Monica , Careri Maria
Published: June 2023

Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) has expanded the analytical framework for the analysis of polar organic contaminants in complex matrices primarily through advances in high‐resolution mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, evolving repository databases, and data mining software.

Over the last 10 years, the analytical trends toward a comprehensive characterization of emerging environmental contaminants along with their degradation and transformation products have driven the move from target analysis of few tens of compounds to wide‐scope target screening, as well as the development of strategies aimed at suspect screening of ‘known unknowns’ and the more challenging nontarget analysis for the identification of ‘unknown unknowns’. In this context, there is also an urgent need to give objective and unambiguous evidence of the confidence level of identification from a large list of tentatively identified substances, as well as to automate the evaluation process toward a more reproducible and harmonized approach.

This article represents a third edition of a previous manuscript by Mattarozzi and Careri,
(1)
which was updated to take into account the huge progress in MS instrumentation and related methodologies and also advances in environmental analytical chemistry. In this article, among the environmental applications of LC‐MS, current and innovative approaches for the analysis of selected classes of emerging pollutants, such as micro‐ and nanoplastics, per‐ and poly‐fluoroalkyl substances, and transformation products in environmental samples are discussed, attempting to have a global coverage on the most recent research studies regarding the development of methodologies for the contaminants of high concern for the environment.
Modeling state‐ and trait‐level associations between aggression, somatic symptoms, substance use, and distress tolerance
Authors: Yang Yang
Published: June 2023

The current study examined the state‐ and trait‐level associations of psychological and physical aggression to somatic symptoms, and alcohol and drug use and tested the influence of distress tolerance on these associations, while controlling for stress, sex, and minority status. A naturalistic observation was used to collect data with a sample of 245 college students at three time points with 2 weeks apart. Random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel models were used to disaggregate within‐person effects (autoregressive and cross‐lagged effects) from the between‐person (latent trait‐level) associations. The findings revealed that there were autoregressive effects of psychological aggression between Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2) and of physical aggression between T1 and T2. There was a bidirectional association between psychological aggression and somatic symptoms at T2 and Time 3 (T3), in which T2 psychological aggression predicted T3 somatic symptoms and verse vera. T1 drug use predicted T2 physical aggression, which in turn predicted T3 somatic symptoms, indicating physical aggression being a mediator between earlier drug use and later somatic symptoms. Distress tolerance was negatively associated with psychological aggression and somatic symptoms, respectively, and such an influence did not differ across time occasions. The findings indicated the importance of incorporating physical health in the prevention and intervention of psychological aggression. Clinicians may also consider including psychological aggression in the screening of somatic symptoms or physical health. Empirical‐supported therapy components for enhancing distress tolerance may help mitigate psychological aggression and somatic symptoms.
Infusible Extracellular Matrix Biomaterial Promotes Vascular Integrity and Modulates the Inflammatory Response in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Diaz Miranda D. , Kandell Rebecca M. , Wu Jason R. , Chen Alexander , Christman Karen L. , Kwon Ester J.
Published: June 2023

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions of people each year and, in many cases, results in long‐term disabilities. Once a TBI has occurred, there is a significant breakdown of the blood−brain barrier resulting in increased vascular permeability and progression of the injury. In this study, the use of an infusible extracellular matrix‐derived biomaterial (iECM) for its ability to reduce vascular permeability and modulate gene expression in the injured brain is investigated. First, the pharmacokinetics of iECM administration in a mouse model of TBI is characterized, and the robust accumulation of iECM at the site of injury is demonstrated. Next, it is shown that iECM administration after injury can reduce the extravasation of molecules into the brain, and in vitro, iECM increases trans‐endothelial electrical resistance across a monolayer of TNFα‐stimulated endothelial cells. In gene expression analysis of brain tissue, iECM induces changes that are indicative of downregulation of the proinflammatory response 1‐day post‐injury/treatment and neuroprotection at 5 days post‐injury/treatment. Therefore, iECM shows potential as a treatment for TBI.
MnO2 Nanoflower Integrated Optoelectronic Biointerfaces for Photostimulation of Neurons
Authors: Kaya Lokman , Karatum Onuralp , Balamur Rıdvan , Kaleli Hümeyra Nur , Önal Asım , Vanalakar Sharadrao Anandrao , Hasanreisoğlu Murat , Nizamoglu Sedat
Published: June 2023

Optoelectronic biointerfaces have gained significant interest for wireless and electrical control of neurons. Three–dimentional (3D) pseudocapacitive nanomaterials with large surface areas and interconnected porous structures have great potential for optoelectronic biointerfaces that can fulfill the requirement of high electrode‐electrolyte capacitance to effectively transduce light into stimulating ionic currents. In this study, the integration of 3D manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoflowers into flexible optoelectronic biointerfaces for safe and efficient photostimulation of neurons is demonstrated. MnO2 nanoflowers are grown via chemical bath deposition on the return electrode, which has a MnO2 seed layer deposited via cyclic voltammetry. They facilitate a high interfacial capacitance (larger than 10 mF cm−2) and photogenerated charge density (over 20 µC cm−2) under low light intensity (1 mW mm−2). MnO2 nanoflowers induce safe capacitive currents with reversible Faradaic reactions and do not cause any toxicity on hippocampal neurons in vitro, making them a promising material for biointerfacing with electrogenic cells. Patch‐clamp electrophysiology is recorded in the whole‐cell configuration of hippocampal neurons, and the optoelectronic biointerfaces trigger repetitive and rapid firing of action potentials in response to light pulse trains. This study points out the potential of electrochemically‐deposited 3D pseudocapacitive nanomaterials as a robust building block for optoelectronic control of neurons.
Recent progress in the treatment for unresectable biliary tract cancer
Authors: Endo Itaru
Published: June 2023

Recent changes in the treatment of unresectable BTC have been remarkable. More recently, triple combination therapy with GC and S‐1 (GCS) and GC and nab‐Paclitaxel was used. Also, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been increasingly used for BTC.
Incidence of hypocortisolism with long‐term budesonide irrigation for chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Silva Bruna R. C. , Tyler Matthew A. , Ma Yifei , Wang Jane , Nayak Jayakar V. , Patel Zara M. , Hwang Peter H.
Published: June 2023

Background

Budesonide irrigations (BIs) are commonly used to control inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In 2016 we reported an analysis of long‐term BI with regard to hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis function. We present a follow‐up analysis in a larger cohort of patients with longer follow‐up.

Methods

Patients were candidates for stimulated cortisol testing after regularly performing BI for CRS at least daily for ≥6 months. We retrospectively evaluated all patients who received stimulated cortisol testing at our center between 2012 and 2022. We correlated cortisol levels with the use of BI and other forms of corticosteroids.

Results

We analyzed 401 cortisol test results in 285 patients. The mean duration of use was 34 months. Overall, 21.8% of patients were hypocortisolemic (<18 ug/dL) at first test. In patients who used only BI, the rate of hypocortisolemia was 7.5%, whereas in patients who also used concurrent oral and inhaled corticosteroids, the rate was 40% to 50%. Lower cortisol levels were associated with male sex (p < 0.0001) and concomitant use of oral and inhaled steroids (p < 0.0001). Duration of BI use was not significantly associated with lower cortisol levels (p = 0.701), nor was greater dosing frequency (p = 0.289).

Conclusion

Prolonged use of BI alone is not likely to cause hypocortisolemia in the majority of patients. However, concomitant use of inhaled and oral steroids and male sex may be associated with hypocortisolemia. Surveillance of cortisol levels may be considered in vulnerable populations who use BI regularly, particularly in patients using other forms of corticosteroids with known systemic absorption.
‘The Full Strength of the Human Spirit’: Rwanda Launches Policy Boosting ADR Use
Authors: Nyiranshimiyimana Christine
Published: June 2023

The Rwanda Ministry of Justice has presented to the public a new national conflict resolution policy aiming at handling disputes using alternative dispute resolution mechanisms.