bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exercícios físicos como ferramenta de enfrentamento às comorbidades associadas à obesidade: revisão da literatura
Authors: Silva e Souza Gleice Eugenia da , Prudenciatto Miguel Ribeiro , Tanaka Rubens Shigueyasu , Martelli Anderson , Delbim Lucas Risseti
Published: May 2016

A obesidade é caracterizada pelo acúmulo excessivo de gordura corporal no indivíduo, sendo um fator de risco para uma série de doenças. A presente revisão apresenta como objetivo abordar os aspectos epidemiológicos do sobrepeso e da obesidade em adultos, como importante fator de agravo no âmbito da saúde coletiva. A revisão foi realizada a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica em literatura especializada e livros acadêmicos orientando-se pela busca de contribuições oriundas da prática do exercício físico sistematizado enquanto ferramenta de enfrentamento aos deletérios efeitos orgânicos emancipados pelo excesso de gordura corporal. Os benefícios desta prática sistematizada são consensuais, como melhorias no condicionamento cardiovascular, no controle do diabetes mellitus, no aspecto psicológico e social e contribuem positivamente para a melhoria da qualidade de vida. No entanto para que a prática de exercícios seja efetiva, há a necessidade de acompanhamento por profissionais devidamente credenciados.Descritores: Obesidade; Saúde Pública; Exercício.
Conhecimento e atitudes de acadêmicos de Odontologia sobre Câncer Bucal
Authors: Prado Fabio Ornellas , Andrade Débora Luzia Santos
Published: May 2016

O câncer bucal é passível de detecção precoce e o tratamento nas fases iniciais da doença tem sido associado a melhor sobrevida dos pacientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento e atitudes de universitários de Odontologia da UESB em relação ao câncer de boca. A população alvo do estudo foi constituída por 112 acadêmicos matriculados regularmente no curso de Odontologia da UESB, no segundo período letivo de 2010. Para a realização da pesquisa foi utilizado questionário auto-aplicativo e estruturado com 11 perguntas fechadas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva com o programa Epi Info. A taxa de resposta foi de 91,07%; desses, 76,48% já assistiram palestra e/ou seminários sobre câncer bucal; 59,80% consideraram bom o ensino que receberam sobre câncer bucal durante a graduação; apenas 42,15% se sentem confiantes em reconhecer lesões pré-malignas e/ou malignas; somente 6,85% dos universitários instruem a todos os pacientes sobre o autoexame bucal; 83,35% afirmaram que sempre fazem o exame dos tecidos moles da cavidade bucal, nas consultas iniciais e 89,20% asseguraram que orientam aos pacientes fumantes e/ou etilistas sobre os malefícios causados pelo tabagismo e etilismo. Concluiu-se que os estudantes referiram reunir bom nível de conhecimento sobre fatores de risco e diagnóstico das lesões orais pré-malignas e/ ou malignas, entretanto não relataram segurança para diagnosticar a mesma. Sugere-se discussão para adequar a matriz curricular, a fim de que a abordagem sobre a temática seja mais efetiva.Descritores: Neoplasias bucais; Fatores de Risco; Diagnóstico Precoce; Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde; Estudantes de Odontologia.
Etiologia, epidemiologia e manifestações clínicas da paracoccidioidomicose
Authors: Gaetti-Jardim Júnior Elerson , Monti Lira Marcela , Gaetti-Jardim Ellen Cristina
Published: May 2016

As últimas décadas presenciaram uma modificação significativa na epidemiologia da paracoccidioidomicose. O presente estudo discute retrospectivamente o perfil dos pacientes com essa enfermidade, destacando o papel do cirurgião-dentista no seu diagnóstico, bem como as modificações na distribuição dos casos dessa doença. Observou-se um aumento na notificação de casos dessa micose profunda nas regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste do Brasil, em particular nas frentes agrícolas. Estudos mostraram que outras espécies animais podem atuar como reservatórios dos patógenos do gênero Paracoccidioides, desenvolvendo, em alguns casos, a própria enfermidade. Estudos genéticos também evidenciaram que P. brasiliensis mostrava heterogeneidade significativa e alguns genogrupos passaram a compor nova espécie, P. lutzii, mais frequente na região amazônica. Os autores também discutem o papel da ocupação profissional e fatores hormonais no desenvolvimento de infecções e da enfermidade clinicamente caracterizada devido a Paracoccidioidessp. Além das transformações no conhecimento da doença propriamente dita, o estudo reforçou a importância do cirurgião-dentista no diagnóstico dessa enfermidade.Descritores: Paracoccidioidomicose; Mucosa bucal; Manifestações Bucais; Epidemiologia.
Fertilization Ratios of N–P2O5–K2O for Tifton 85 Bermudagrass on Two Coastal Plain Soils
Authors: Anderson William , Parker Myron B. , Knoll Joseph Edward , Lacy R. Curt
Published: May 2016

Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] is widely grown throughout the southeastern United States and many other countries for forage. Tifton 85, a hybrid between C. dactylon and C. nlemfuensis, is currently the recommended cultivar for grazing and hay. This study was conducted to determine the response of Tifton 85 to six rates of N fertilization (224, 336, 448, 560, 672, and 784 kg ha−1) and three rates of PK fertilization (50, 100, and 150% replacement of P and K removal) on two different soils, Carnegie (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Plinthic Kandiudult) and Fuquay (loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Arenic Plinthic Kandiudult), for 4 yr. In a randomized split‐plot design, whole plots were N rates with PK rates randomized within whole plots. The optimal fertilization rate to provide maximum profits was determined. Though yields began to level off only at the 560 kg ha−1 N application rate, rates from 224 to 448 kg ha−1 N with 100% replacement of P and K uptake resulted in maximum economic return. At these N rates, based on actual nutrient uptake, the N–P2O5–K2O ratio for fertilization of Tifton 85 should be approximately 4–1–5. At 336 to 448 kg ha−1 N, a grower could expect approximately 19.6 to 23.0 Mg ha−1 yr−1 hay at 150 g kg−1 moisture. Crude protein (CP) concentration and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the harvested forage both responded positively to increasing rates of N application beyond the economically optimum rates.

Core Ideas

Split plot design with N, P, K rates on Tifton 85 bermudagrass show yields level off at 560 kg ha−1.

Rates of 224 to 336 kg ha−1 N and 100% replacement of P K had maximum rate of economic return.

Recommended ratio of fertilizer is N–P2O5–K2O ratio for fertilization of Tifton 85 should be approximately 3–1–4 at the lowest rate and 4–1–5 at the higher rate.

Protein and in‐vitro dry matter digestibility of forage increased with higher N application.
Crop Rotation Affects Corn, Grain Sorghum, and Soybean Yields and Nitrogen Recovery
Authors: Sindelar Aaron J. , Schmer Marty R. , Jin Virginia L. , Wienhold Brian J. , Varvel Gary E.
Published: May 2016

Long‐term cropping system and fertilizer N studies are essential to understanding production potential and yield stability of corn (Zea mays L.), grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in rain‐fed environments. A no‐till experiment (2007–2013) was conducted in eastern Nebraska to evaluate crop rotation (continuous corn, continuous grain sorghum, continuous soybean, corn–soybean, grain sorghum–soybean, corn–soybean–grain sorghum–oat [Avena sativa (L.)]/clover mixture [80% Melilotus officinalis Lam. + 20% Trifolium pretense L.], and corn–oat/clover–grain sorghum–soybean) and fertilizer N (corn and grain sorghum: 0, 90, 180 kg N ha−1; soybean and oat/clover: 0, 36, 67 kg N ha−1) on grain yield, plant N uptake, and N recovery efficiency. Diversified crop rotations increased corn and grain sorghum yields and improved yield stability. A positive corn grain yield response to fertilizer N was consistent across crop rotations, but fertilizer N addition with corn–soybean–grain sorghum–oat did not increase grain sorghum yield. Yield stability of soybean was less sensitive to management; all treatment combinations were found to be stable. Fertilizer N addition decreased soybean grain yield in 2 of 7 yr, but yields were similar in the remaining 5 yr. These results indicate that adoption of 2‐ and 4‐yr crop rotations in rain‐fed environments can result in high‐yielding, more stable corn, grain sorghum, and soybean grain production compared with shorter rotations or continuous cropping.

Core Ideas

Diversified 2‐ and 4‐yr crop rotations increased corn and grain sorghum yields.

Corn and grain sorghum grain yields in 2‐ and 4‐yr rotations were more resilient to variable growing conditions.

Soybean was less sensitive than corn and grain sorghum to crop rotation.
Influence of Nitrogen Source and Application Timing on Large Patch of Zoysiagrass
Authors: Miller G. L. , Earlywine D. T. , Braun R. , Fry J. D. , Kennelly M. M.
Published: May 2016

Large patch of zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.), caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG2‐2 LP, is a troublesome disease on golf course fairways in the upper transition zone of the United States. Turfgrass managers incur significant fungicide costs to control the disease over large acreages, and integrating cultural practices into an overall scheme of disease management may result in reduced inputs. Our objective was to assess the impact of applying different nitrogen sources at defined soil temperature thresholds during the fall and spring infection periods on large patch severity in field experiments conducted in Kansas and Missouri. From 2013 to 2015, ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4], calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2], and urea were applied at 0.75 lb nitrogen (N)/1000 ft2 when 5‐day 2‐inch soil temperatures reached 60 or 70°F in the spring or declined to 70°F in the fall. Summer applications of urea at 0.5 lb N/1000 ft2 were utilized as a standard for comparison, with all treatments receiving a total of 1.5 lb N/1000 ft2 per year. In spring 2014, when large patch severity was greatest, percent green cover was higher in ammonium sulfate treatments compared with urea and the standard summer program in Missouri, and higher in ammonium sulfate–treated plots compared with calcium nitrate– and urea‐treated plots in Kansas. Although the effect was not consistent among sites, spring nitrogen applications made during the large patch infection period did not result in higher large patch severity than the standard summer fertilization schedule.
Mass Balance of Water and Nitrogen in the Mounded Drainfield of a Drip‐Dispersal Septic System
Authors: De Mriganka , Toor Gurpal S.
Published: May 2016

Quantitative assessment of nitrogen (N) loading from septic systems is needed to protect groundwater contamination. We determined the mass balance of water and N in the mounded drainfield of a drip‐dispersal septic system. Three lysimeters (152.4 cm long, 91.4 cm wide, 91.4 cm high, with 1:1 side slope) were constructed using pressure‐treated wood to mimic mounded drainfields. Of total water inputs, septic tank effluent (STE) added 57% water and natural rainfall added 43% water from January 2013 to January 2014. Outputs included leached water (46%) from the lysimeters over 67 sampling events (n = 15 daily and n = 52 weekly flow‐weighted), potential evapotranspiration (28%), and water stored in the drainfields (26%). Over 13 mo, each drainfield received 227 g of total N (STE, 99%; rainfall, 1%), of which 33% leached, 23% accumulated in the drainfield, and 6% was taken up by grass, with the remainder (38%) estimated to be gaseous N loss. Using these data, the leaching of water from 2.5 million drip‐dispersal drainfields in the state of Florida was estimated to be 2.29 × 1011 L yr−1, which would transport 2.4 × 106 kg of total N yr−1 from the drainfields to shallow groundwater. Further reduction of N below drainfields in the soil profile could be expected before STE reaches groundwater. Our results provide quantitative information on the water and N loading and can be used to optimize drainfield conditions to attenuate N and protect groundwater quality.

Core Ideas

Mass balance of water and N was determined in septic system drainfields.

Effluent added 57% water, and rainfall added 43% water.

More water leached (46%) than evapotranspiration (28%) and soil storage (26%).

Effluent added 99% of total N, and rainfall added only 1% of total N.

Gaseous N loss was higher (38%) than leaching (33%) and soil storage (23%).
Seasonal Variability in Vadose Zone Biodegradation at a Crude Oil Pipeline Rupture Site
Authors: Sihota N.J. , Trost J.J. , Bekins B.A. , Berg A. , Delin G.N. , Mason B. , Warren E. , Mayer K.U.
Published: May 2016

Core Ideas

Contaminant mass loss rates vary seasonally.

Vadose zone temperatures in the source zone correlate with rates of contaminant respiration.

Natural soil respiration and gas transport seasonality affect mass loss estimates.

Understanding seasonal changes in natural attenuation processes is critical for evaluating source‐zone longevity and informing management decisions. The seasonal variations of natural attenuation were investigated through measurements of surficial CO2 effluxes, shallow soil CO2 radiocarbon contents, subsurface gas concentrations, soil temperature, and volumetric water contents during a 2‐yr period. Surficial CO2 effluxes varied seasonally, with peak values of total soil respiration (TSR) occurring in the late spring and summer. Efflux and radiocarbon data indicated that the fractional contributions of natural soil respiration (NSR) and contaminant soil respiration (CSR) to TSR varied seasonally. The NSR dominated in the spring and summer, and CSR dominated in the fall and winter. Subsurface gas concentrations also varied seasonally, with peak values of CO2 and CH4 occurring in the fall and winter. Vadose zone temperatures and subsurface CO2 concentrations revealed a correlation between contaminant respiration and temperature. A time lag of 5 to 7 mo between peak subsurface CO2 concentrations and peak surface efflux is consistent with travel‐time estimates for subsurface gas migration. Periods of frozen soils coincided with depressed surface CO2 effluxes and elevated CO2 concentrations, pointing to the temporary presence of an ice layer that inhibited gas transport. Quantitative reactive transport simulations demonstrated aspects of the conceptual model developed from field measurements. Overall, results indicated that source‐zone natural attenuation (SZNA) rates and gas transport processes varied seasonally and that the average annual SZNA rate estimated from periodic surface efflux measurements is 60% lower than rates determined from measurements during the summer.
The Effect of Precipitation Pulses on Evaporation of Deeply Buried Phreatic Water in Extra‐Arid Areas
Authors: Li HongShou , Wu FaSi , Zhan HongTao , Qiu Fei , Wang WanFu
Published: May 2016

Core Ideas

Precipitation may increase deeply buried phreatic evaporation (PE).

Soil‐water hysteresis leads to this phenomenon.

This study reveals the mechanism of the effect of precipitation pulses on PE.

Past research has shown that evaporation of deeply buried phreatic water occurs in extra‐arid areas where the soil surface is very dry. A dry surface layer can suppress the evaporation of capillary water, but it is not clear whether it suppresses deeply buried phreatic evaporation (PE). We deduced that the PE could be suppressed by a dry surface soil. Therefore, as the soil‐water content increases during a precipitation pulse, this can lead to an increase in PE. To investigate the effects of precipitation pulses on PE, a simulated 10‐mm precipitation recycling experiment using a shed–air‐conditioning condensation method was performed on Gobi Desert land at the top of the Mogao Grottoes in 2011 to 2015. The results show that after the 10 mm of precipitation was completely recycled, the PE increased by 28.9% compared with the control during the following 3 yr. In addition, the soil moisture increased in the 10‐ to 20‐cm layer for a long time. We hypothesize that this is a soil‐water hysteresis phenomenon, which is important for the observed differences in the evaporation rate, and it is apparent that the higher water content in the shallow layer is conducive to PE entering into the atmosphere. This preliminary study reveals the effect of precipitation pulses on deeply buried PE; this hysteresis phenomenon must be analyzed in further studies.
Estimating Nonaqueous‐Phase Liquid Content in Variably Saturated Soils Using Time Domain Reflectometry
Authors: Comegna Alessandro , Coppola Antonio , Dragonetti Giovanna , Sommella Angelo
Published: May 2016

Core Ideas

A TDR waveform interpretation method for NAPL content in soils was developed.

Correlations between the dielectric response and the NAPL content were determined.

The α dielectric mixing model for predicting NAPL presence in soils was expanded.

This methodology can be used to obtain predictions of volumetric NAPL content.

In recent years, several studies have been conducted in the detection and observation of nonaqueous‐phase liquids (NAPLs) in contaminated soils. Successful remediation of an NAPL‐contaminated site requires appropriate characterization of both the plume extent and the soil volumetric NAPL content (θNAPL). Noninvasive geophysical techniques, such as time domain reflectometry (TDR), may be used to discriminate between θNAPL and soil volumetric water content (θw). Accordingly, the main aim of this work was to develop a TDR waveform interpretation method based on soil dielectric permittivity measurement and observation of the change in the reflected TDR signal amplitude at relatively long times from the waveform source. We demonstrated that the asymptotic value of the reflection signal coefficient can be univocally related with θNAPL in an unsaturated soil. In the procedure adopted, a new formulation of a dielectric mixing model was also derived, introducing a fourth phase that takes the NAPL presence into account. Multiple samples of sandy, silt loam, and loamy soils, at predetermined different θw and θNAPL, were tested, each test consisting in emitting a TDR signal to the soil sample and receiving and analyzing the reflected electromagnetic wave. An empirical dielectric mixing model was calibrated and implemented to estimate the θNAPL. Equipment calibration, measurement accuracy, and error sources, related both to the experimental procedure setup and to the sample preparation conditions, are discussed. The results show that the suggested methodology can be used to obtain predictions of volumetric NAPL content (θNAPL) with acceptable accuracy (R2 = 0.95).
Comparison of Hydraulic Conductivity in Frozen Saturated and Unfrozen Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Watanabe Kunio , Osada Yurie
Published: May 2016

Core Ideas

Unfrozen water content in frozen soils with flowing water is higher than in no‐flow cases.

Unfrozen water content with flowing water is higher than the thermodynamic prediction.

Frozen and unfrozen soils with the same water content have the same hydraulic conductivity.

Understanding the hydraulic conductivity of frozen soils near melting temperature is important in agricultural management and water balance calculation in cold regions and in the use of artificial ground freezing techniques. However, measurement of the hydraulic conductivity of frozen soils has been limited. Therefore, it is often estimated from the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of unfrozen soil using temperature and the Clausius–Clapeyron equation, with inadequate validation. In this study, we simultaneously measured the unfrozen water content and hydraulic conductivity of three frozen soils by passing water through them and compared the results with water characteristic curves and unsaturated hydraulic conductivities of the unfrozen soils determined using the evaporation method. Using measured temperature data and water characteristic curves, the Clausius–Clapeyron equation underestimated unfrozen water contents in the frozen soils, which also resulted in underestimation of hydraulic conductivities, particularly near melting temperature. However, the unfrozen and frozen soils had similar hydraulic conductivities when their liquid water contents were the same. The hydraulic conductivity of frozen soil should be estimated from that of unfrozen soil based on the liquid (unfrozen) water content instead of the temperature.
Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Metformin and Glipizide in Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Sireesha D. , Ganesh K. , Nikitha G. , Vasudha B.
Published: May 2016

A simple, rapid and precise spectrophotometric method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of Metformin and Glipizide. The method involved estimation of Metformin and Glipizide by simultaneous equation at 272nm and 232nm respectively in their solution in water. This method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ. Beer’s law obeyed in the concentration range of 5-25μg/ml and 20-50μg/ml for Metformin and Glipizide respectively with the correlation coefficient of above 0.99. Limit of detection and quantification values were determined to be 0.214μg/ml and 0.649μg/ml for Metformin and 0.608μg/ml and 1.854μg/ml for Glipizide respectively. Mean recovery of Metformin and Glipizide were found to be in the range of 98-102% signifies the accuracy of the method. The method was found to be precise as %RSD was less than 2.
Tingkat Keberhasilan Implementasi Enterprise Resources Planning di BUMN Sektor Manufaktur di Indonesia
Authors: Simamora Bachtiar H. , Wicaksono Kuspuji C.B. , Toindo Harly , Rudi Rudi
Published: May 2016

Implementation of the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is an investment that does not appear in an organization. Indonesia State-Owned Enterprise, in particular manufacturing sector that have the leeway and autonomy to do ERP investments in supporting the achievement of its vision and mission. The World Economic Forum, put Indonesia on a ranking of 82 among the countries in the world in ICT utilization. This research aimed to test how big the investment that has been implanted in the area of information technology in the manufacturing sector, State-Owned Enterprises and the extent of the investment for the competitiveness of the company as well as its contribution to the wind of change on the manufactures business in Indonesia. This research was conducted to explore the performance of ERP implementation project. ERP implementation success rates seen from aspect of project management, determination of critical elements of urgency and contextual factors. The result is that all independent variables influence significantly to the success of the implementation of ERP of SOE’s manufactures. The greatest contribution to the success of such in sequence is an element of urgency determination of critical factors, a contextual factors, and management of the project.
Balanced Scorecard sebagai Alternatif Alat Penilaian Kinerja untuk Pengukuran Kinerja pada BPR “MJP”
Authors: Kriswanto Kriswanto
Published: May 2016

The purpose of this study is to provide an alternative implementation of the Balanced Scorecard to improve the performance of the company in the long run. The alternative is recommended, because the measurement of the performance of the company was considered inappropriate. This is because at this time, the company uses traditional performance measurement which only emphasizes the financial aspects only. Study of literature and field observations have been made to obtain information related to the problem that occurred in the company. A questionnaire was used as a tool to look at from the side of the customers and workers during the traditional performance measurement is not a measurement element. Performance of the company in 2011 was less than satisfactory, due to a decrease in operating income, which also resulted in the company's net profit declined. Satisfactory results were obtained through questionnaires to customers who indicate that customers have been satisfied with the performance of the company. Questionnaire distributed to workers also showed satisfactory results that affect the company's internal business processes. It is known when the measurement of internal business process perspective, and learning and growth perspective is done. Suggestions and improvements to the company will be adapted to the circumstances of the company.
Penerapan Balanced Scorecard untuk Menilai Kinerja PT XL Axiata Tbk dalam Mencapai Strateginya
Authors: Dewi Kartika , Surya Anton Karta
Published: May 2016

This research is conducted to evaluate performance of PT XL Axiata Tbk using Balanced Score Card. The writer made design and implemented BSC in PT XL Axiata Tbk to convince its vision, mision and strategies are alligned. The method of this research is qualitative descriptive. Primary data were teken through questioners and interviewed with employees and customers.Secondary data were taken from annual report published at company website.The result of this research for Financial Perspective is PT XL Axiata Tbk needs to improve its financial ratio, The result of this research for Customer Perspective is PT XL Axiata Tbk needs to improve its customer satisfaction, The result of this research for Internal Business Process Perspective is PT XL Axiata Tbk needs to maintenance its good result, The result of this research for Learning and Growth is PT XL Axiata Tbk needs to maintenance good working environment. The final conclusion from this research at PT XL Axiata Tbk proved the company performance works toward its strategy, make a continous improvement and make a stable profit through the years taken as a sample.
Default Spread dan Term Spread sebagai Variabel Proxy Siklus Bisnis pada Model Fama-French
Authors: Hendra Edwin , Suk Kim Sung
Published: May 2016

This research aims to apply the Fama-French models and test the effect of alternative variable of bond yield spread, default spread (RBBB – RAAA and RAAA – RF), and the term spread (RSUN10-RSUN1), as proxy variables of the business cycle, in IDX stock data during 2005-2010. Four types of asset pricing models tested are Sharpe-Lintner CAPM, Fama-French models, Hwang et al.model, and hybrid model. The results showed that the size effect and value effect has an impact on excess stock returns. Slopes of market beta, SMB, and HML are more sensitive to stock big size and high B / M. Default spreads and term spreads in Hwang et al. model can explain the value effect, and weakly explain the size effect, meanwhile the power of explanation disappeared on Hybrid models. Based on the assessment adjusted R2 and the frequency of rejection of non-zero alpha, is found that the hybrid model is the most suitable model.
Overview Kepuasan Pelanggan: Studi Kasus Pelayanan Rijstaffel di Restoran Oasis
Authors: Adiati Maria Pia , Subakti Agung Gita
Published: May 2016

Rijstaffel service is not common found in fine dining restaurant in Indonesia. Oasis Restaurant in Jalan Raden Saleh, Jakarta, is a restaurant that is consistent in serving rijstaffel menu. The objective of this research is to analyze the level of consumer satisfaction and service quality in rijstaffel service at Oasis Restaurant. Research used qualitative method with library research by analyzing the questionnaire distributed by Oasis on Mei 2013 with 21 respondents. The result is the indicators which got excellence point were service, ambience, value for money, food; and the indicator which got good point was home band and vocal group.
Analysis of Intellectual Capital Effect Toward Financial Performance and Growth
Authors: Sabrina Sasya
Published: May 2016

The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of intellectual capital of firm toward financial performance and growth. The Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM) is used to measure intellectual capital. The indicators for VAICTM are Value Added Capital Employed (VACA), Value Added Human Capital (VAHU), and Structural Capital Value Added (STVA). The indicators for financial performance are Current Ratio (CR), Total Assets Turnover (TATO), Return on Investment (ROI), and Return on Equity (ROE). The indicators for growth are Earnings Growth (EG) and Assets Growth (AG). This research uses data drawn from 92 publicly listed manufacturing companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2010, 2011, and 2012. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used as the method of data analysis. This research uses SmartPLS 3.2.0 to analyze the data.The results show that: intellectual capital doesn’t influence financial performance and intellectual capital positively influences growth.
Business Strategy of CV Jaya Sampurna in Facing Soft Drink Distributor Competition in Bekasi
Authors: Nurmala Seri , Hartiwi Hartiwi
Published: May 2016

CV Jaya Sampurna is a soft drink distributor in Bekasi. Distributor company has a low profit margin, moreover the product sold is Fast Moving Consumers Goods with a very low profit margin (3.5%–5%). Therefore the company depends on a high volume of sales. Besides, there are many competitors in this industry, thus the business strategy is needed to improve the competitive advantage of the company. Given the conditions,this research was to identify the internal and the external factors, to identify the formulation of business strategy alternative, and to identify the recommendation of functional strategy for CV Jaya Sampurna. Research used descriptive method; and the type of research used was case study. Data were gathered from questionnaires and interview to three member of managers: Director, Operational Manager, and Finance Manager. Data wereanalyzed by using EFE, IFE, SWOT, IE, Grand Strategy Matrix and QSPM. The result of this research implies that the alternative strategy based on QSPM’s result was market penetration
Chemically activated cow bone for increased fluoride removal from drinking water
Authors: Yami Teshome L. , Butler Elizabeth C. , Sabatini David A.
Published: May 2016

Thermally activated cow bone is widely utilized for treating fluoride impacted drinking water to meet the World Health Organization guideline value of 1.5 mg/L. However, the fluoride removal capacity of bone char is low, leaving room for further improvement. This study, therefore, strives to improve the fluoride adsorption capacity of cow bone by using chemical activation in place of thermal activation. Chemically activated cow bones (CABs) had, on average, a four-fold higher fluoride adsorption capacity than bone char. Characterization of the most effective CAB were made to explore potential reasons for the increased fluoride adsorption capacity. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the CAB showed formation of bassanite and monetite minerals which may be responsible for the higher fluoride adsorption capacity. Chemical activation is also a lower-cost production process than the thermal activation of cow bone. Further, a higher mass of media was recovered per unit mass of starting material during chemical activation. Therefore, this research shows that increased fluoride removal capacity can be achieved with chemical activation of cow bone while reducing activation costs and greatly increasing product yield per unit mass of starting material, all of which support further evaluation and field testing of this material.
Understanding water-society nexus: insights from Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy
Authors: Sayan Ramazan Caner , Kibaroglu Aysegul
Published: May 2016

Turkey's recent venture involving the construction of hundreds of small-scale hydropower projects is a significant trend, both in regard to its contribution to Turkey's hydroelectricity production and the social and environmental impact of these projects at the local level. Turkey's hydropower policy was premised on a conventional understanding of water driven by science, technology, and the market. This approach, however, does not seem to have paid sufficient attention to the socio-ecological characteristics of water. Developing policies from a solely technical perspective creates political, economic, and cultural inequalities that adversely affect the social and ecological realm. Hence, this paper attempts to deconstruct the design, execution, and aftermath of Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy through the lens of the hydro-social cycle. We aim to explain various dimensions of Turkey's small-scale hydropower program in a conceptual framework that merges the concept of the hydro-social cycle with patterns of distributive environmental justice. We find that state-led, techno-centric and market-oriented approaches to water instrumentalize a rhetoric of justice in order to justify the development of small-scale hydropower ventures. Our analysis, however, demonstrates Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy falls short of delivering on its promise of distributive justice in three relevant dimensions, namely the distribution of burdens and benefits, vulnerabilities, and responsibilities at local level.
Playoffs or Just League: A Debate in Brazilian Football
Authors: Gasparetto Thadeu , Barajas Angel
Published: May 2016

After several consecutive seasons in the league, the Campeonato Brasileiro may return to the playoffs format. The Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF) and some Brazilian clubs commented that this format will provide higher competitive balance and increase the interest of Brazilian football fans. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to assess the competitiveness and the interest of Brazilian fans in the last twenty-four seasons: Playoffs (1991-2002) and League (2003-2014). The competitiveness is evaluated by Herfindahl Index of Competitive Balance (HICB) and C4 Index of Competitive Balance and the interest measured by the average attendance to the stadiums. The results show that Brazilian League has become more balanced since 2003 season and football fans are more interested in the tournament with league format. The main conclusion is that the change to the playoffs would not improve the competitiveness and the interest of fans. Moreover some problems of the Brazilian football market are commented and some solutions proposed to improve it.
Production of Biosurfactants by Pseudomonas Species for Application in the Petroleum Industry
Authors: Silva Maria Aparecida M. , Silva Aline F. , Rufino Raquel D. , Luna Juliana M. , Santos Valdemir A. , Sarubbo Leonie A.
Published: May 2016

The production of surfactants by microorganisms has become an attractive option in the treatment of oil‐contaminated environments because biosurfactants are biodegradable and less toxic than synthetic surfactants, although production costs remain high. With the aim of reducing the cost of biosurfactant production, three strains of Pseudomonas (designated P1, P2, and P3) were cultivated in a low‐cost medium containing molasses and corn steep liquor as substrates. Following the selection of the best producer (P3), a rotational central composite design (RCCD) was used to determine the influence of substrates concentration on surface tension and biosurfactant yield. The biosurfactant reduced the surface tension of water to 27.5 mN/m, and its CMC was determined to be 600 mg/L. The yield was 4.0 g/L. The biosurfactant demonstrated applicability under specific environmental conditions and was able to remove 80 to 90% of motor oil adsorbed to sand. The properties of the biosurfactant suggest its potential application in bioremediation of hydrophobic pollutants.
Risk of Hospital-Acquired Complications in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Bohlouli Babak , Tonelli Marcello , Jackson Terri , Hemmelgam Brenda , Klarenbach Scott
Published: May 2016

Background and objectives

Unintended injuries or complications in hospitalized patients are common, potentially preventable, and associated with adverse consequences, including greater mortality and health care costs. Patients with CKD may be at higher risk of hospital-acquired complications (HACs).

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Adults from a population-based cohort (Alberta Kidney Disease Network) who were hospitalized from April 1, 2003, to March 31, 2008, made up the study cohort. Kidney function was defined using outpatient eGFR and proteinuria (protein-to-creatinine ratio or dipstick) in the year before index hospitalization. Comorbid conditions were identified using validated algorithms applied to administrative data. A specific diagnostic indicator was used to identify HACs. Complications were classified into clinically homogeneous groups and subclassified as potentially preventable (p-HACs) or always preventable (a-HACs). Multivariable logistic regressions models were used to examine the association of CKD with HACs, accounting for confounders.

Results

Of 536,549 patients, 8.5% had CKD; those with CKD were older and more likely to be admitted for circulatory system diseases than those without CKD. In fully adjusted models, the odds ratio (OR) of any hospital complication in patients with CKD (reference: no CKD) was 1.19 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.18 to 1.26); there was a graded relation between the risk of HACs and CKD severity, with an OR of 1.81 (95% CI, 1.51 to 2.17) in those with the most severe CKD (eGFR, 15–29 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and proteinuria, >30 mg/mmol). Findings were similar for p-HACs (OR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.16 to 1.24] and 1.78 [95% CI, 1.43 to 2.11], respectively). The a-HACs had similar point estimates.

Conclusions

The presence of CKD and its severity are associated with a higher risk of HACs, including those considered preventable. Targeted strategies to reduce complications in patients with CKD admitted to the hospital should be considered.
Random compact operators
Authors: Saadati Reza
Published: May 2016

Random compact operators are useful to study random differentiation and
random integral equations. In this paper, we define the random norm of
R-bounded operators and study random norms of differentiation operators and
integral operators. The definition of random norm of R-bounded operators led
us to study the random operator theory.
New types of continuity in 2-normed spaces
Authors: Çakalli Hüseyin , Ersan Sibel
Published: May 2016

A sequence (xn) of points in a 2-normed space X is statistically quasi-Cauchy
if the sequence of difference between successive terms statistically
converges to 0. In this paper we mainly study statistical ward continuity,
where a function f defined on a subset E of X is statistically ward
continuous if it preserves statistically quasi-Cauchy sequences of points in
E. Some other types of continuity are also discussed, and interesting
results related to these kinds of continuity are obtained in 2-normed space
setting.
On statistical convergence of double sequences of closed sets
Authors: Sever Yurdal , Talo Özer
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of statistical inner and statistical
outer limits for double sequences of closed sets and give some formulas for
finding these limits. Also, we give the Kuratowski statistical convergence of
double sequences of sets by means of the statistical inner and statistical
outer limits of a double sequence of closed sets.
Fuzzy relational model and genetic algorithms for early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Tchier Fairouz , Alharbi Abir
Published: May 2016

Breast Cancer (BC) is considered as the most implacable malignancy and the
leading cause of mortality among women in general and in Saudi Arabia
specially. Most of the previous work in Saudi Arabia on this subject was on
epidemiology, knowledge of (BC) and practice of breast self-examination
(BSE), etiological factors, metastases and rate of survival. Early detection
and diagnosis of Breast Cancer (BC) is an important, real-world medical
problem. In this paper, we propose a soft computing methodology to build a
Breast Cancer (BC) diagnosis system with high capabilities as described by
Andres et al. [4] but on the Saudi Arabian breast cancer dataset and using a
simplified fitness function. We focus on combining fuzzy concepts and genetic
algorithms so as to automatically produce diagnostic systems to support and
assist the expert to understand and evaluate its results with high
classification performance.
Convergence and data dependence results of an iteration process in a hyperbolic space
Authors: Şahin Aynur , Başarır Metin
Published: May 2016

In this paper we prove the strong and 4-convergence theorems of an iteration
process of Khan et al. (J. Appl. Math. Comput. 35 (2011) 607-616) for three
finite families of total asymptotically nonexpansive nonself mappings in a
hyperbolic space. Moreover we obtain the data dependence result of this
iteration for contractive-like mappings under some suitable conditions. Also
we present some examples to support the results proved herein. Our results
extend and improve some recent results announced in the current literature.
Suborbital graphs for a special subgroup of the SL(3,Z)
Authors: Beşenka Murat
Published: May 2016

In this paper we examine some properties of suborbital graphs for the group
SL*(3,Z). We first introduce an invariant equivalence relation by using the
congruence subgroup SL*(3,Z) instead of ?0(n) and obtain some results for
the newly constructed subgraphs Fu,n whose vertices form the block [?]. We
obtain edge and circuit conditions and some relations between lengths of
circuits in Fu,n and elliptic elements of ?0(n).
On double sequence spaces defined by an Orlicz function on a seminormed space
Authors: Savaş Ekrem , Savaş Eren
Published: May 2016

In this paper we introduce and study the double sequence space m''(M,?,q)
by using the Orlicz function M. Also we obtain some inclusion results
involving the space m''(M,?,q).
Some approximation results on Bleimann-Butzer-Hahn operators defined by (p,q)-integers
Authors: Mursaleen Mohammad , Nasiruzzaman Md , Khan Asif , Ansari Khursheed
Published: May 2016

In this paper we introduce a generalization of the Bleimann-Butzer-Hahn
operators based on (p,q)-integers and obtain Korovkin?s type approximation
theorem for these operators. Furthermore, we compute convergence of these
operators by using the modulus of continuity.
Δm-deferred statistical convergence of order α
Authors: Temizsu Fatih , Et Mikail , Çinar Muhammed
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of ?m-deferred statistical
convergence of order ? and strong ?mr-deferred Ces?ro summability of
order ? of real sequences. Additionally, some inclusion relations about
?m-deferred statistical convergence of order ? and strong ?mr-deferred
Ces?ro summability of order ? are given.
Optimal testing of statistical hypotheses and multiple familywise error rates
Authors: Hormozinejad Farshin
Published: May 2016

In this article the author considers the statistical hypotheses testing to
make decision among hypotheses concerning many families of probability
distributions. The statistician would like to control the overall error rate
relative to draw statistically valid conclusions from each test, while being
as efficient as possible. The familywise error (FWE) rate metric and the
hypothesis test procedure while controlling both the type I and II FWEs are
generalized. The proposed procedure shows simultaneous more reliability and
less conservative error control relative to fixed sample and other recently
proposed sequential procedures. Also, the characteristics of logarithmically
asymptotically optimal (LAO) hypotheses testing are studied. The purpose of
research is to express the optimal functional relation among the
reliabilities of LAO hypotheses testing and to judge with FWE metric.
On strongly almost lacunary statistical a-convergence defined by a Musielak-Orlicz function
Authors: Savaş Ekrem , Borgohain Stuti
Published: May 2016

We study some new strongly almost lacunary statistical A-convergent sequence
space of order ? defined by a Musielak-Orlicz function. We also give some
inclusion relations between the newly introduced class of sequences with the
spaces of strongly almost lacunary A-convergent sequence of order ?. Moreover
we have examined some results on the Musielak-Orlicz function with respect to
these spaces.
A collocation finite element solution for Stefan problems with periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Karabenli Hatice , Uçar Yusuf , Aksan Nesligül
Published: May 2016

In this study, we are going to obtain some numerical solutions of Stefan
problems given together with time-dependent periodic boundary conditions.
After using variable space grid method, we have presented a numerical finite
element scheme based on collocation finite element method formed with cubic
B-splines. The newly obtained numerical results are presented for temperature
distribution, the position and the velocity of moving boundary. It is shown
that the size of domain, oscillation amplitude and oscillation frequency
which are situated at the boundary condition, strongly influence the
temperature distribution and position of moving boundary. The numerical
results are compared with other numerical solutions obtained by using finite
difference method and they are found to be in good agreement with each other.
How effects efficiency on the word problem for monoids?
Authors: Kangal Esma
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we partially find an answer to the question: Is there a
relationship between the algebraic properties efficiency (or inefficiency)
and solvability of the word problem?. In fact, by considering the semi-direct
product on special monoids, we show that efficiency and inefficiency are not
completely independent properties to prove the solvability of the word
problem over monoids.
Constant curvature ratios in L6
Authors: Iyigün Esen
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we find a relation between Frenet formulas and harmonic
curvatures, and also a relation between Frenet formulas and e-curvature
functions of a curve of osculating order 6 in 6 dimensional Lorentzian space
L6. Moreover, we give a relation between harmonic curvatures and ccr-curves
of a curve in L6.
Infinite matrices and some matrix transformations
Authors: Savaş Eren
Published: May 2016

The goal of this paper is to define the spaces V??0(p) and V??(p) by
using de la Vall?e Poussin and invariant mean. Furthermore, we characterize
certain matrices in V?? which will up a gap in the existing literature.
Revised concavity method and application to Klein-Gordon equation
Authors: Dimova M. , Kolkovska N. , Kutev N.
Published: May 2016

A revised version of the concavity method of Levine, based on a new ordinary
differential inequality, is proposed. Necessary and sufficient condition for
nonexistence of global solutions of the inequality is proved. As an
application, finite time blow up of the solution to Klein-Gordon equation
with arbitrary positive initial energy is obtained under very general
structural conditions.
Stability analysis of neutral linear fractional system with distributed delays
Authors: Veselinova Magdalena , Kiskinov Hristo , Zahariev Andrey
Published: May 2016

The aim of the present work is to study the initial value problem for neutral
linear fractional differential system with distributed delays in
incommensurate case. Furthermore, in the autonomous case with derivatives in
the Riemann-Liouville or Caputo sense we establish that if all roots of the
introduced characteristic equation have negative real parts, then the zero
solution is globally asymptotically stable. The proposed condition coincides
with the conditions which guaranty the same result in the particular case of
system with constant delays.
The exponential cubic B-spline collocation method for the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation
Authors: Ersoy Ozlem , Dag Idiris
Published: May 2016

In this study the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (KS) equation has been solved using
the collocation method, based on the exponential cubic B-spline
approximation together with the Crank Nicolson. KS equation is fully
integrated into a linearized algebraic equations. The results of the
proposed method are compared with both numerical and analytical results by
studying two text problems. It is found that the simulating results are in
good agreement with both exact and existing numerical solutions.