bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VEGETATION ANALYSIS AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF PLANTS AT MOUNT ENDUT FORESTED AREA, GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK, BANTEN, JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Sambas Edy , Kusmana Cecep , Prasetyo Lilik Budi , Partomihardjo Tukirin
Published: July 2018

SAMBAS, E. N., KUSMANA, C., PRASETYO, L. B. & PARTOMIHARDJO, T. 2018. Vegetation analysis and population structure of plants at Mount Endut forested area, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Banten, Java,Indonesia. Reinwardtia 17 (1): 39–53. — Study of vegetation structure and species composition at Mount Endut was carried out by using transect and plot methods. Data of trees, saplings and seedlings were enumerated from four transects measuring 10 m × 2,000 m in four directions of slopes i.e. North, South, East and West. In total there were 180 species of trees and saplings belonging to 105 genera and 51 families. Tree density and basal area indicate the variation and the differences in each of the sampling locations. Density of saplings and abundance of seedlings tend to be low in locations with high density and basal areas at tree level. Tree species having higher Importance Value were Castanopsis acuminatissima, Schima wallichii, C. argentea, Quercus gemelliflora, and Altingia excelsa. Castanopsis acuminatissima, Garcinia rostrata, S. wallichii, Symplocos cochinchinensis, and Prunus arborea were saplings which had highest density, while Ophiorrhiza marginata, Cyathea contaminans, Pinanga coronata,C. acuminatissima, and G. rostrata were the most abundant listed seedlings at the study site. At least 27 tree species (21.91%) were recorded as relatively rare (presence represented by only 1–2 individuals), thus requiring special attention in the management of the area.
Novo híbrido de orquídea Cattleya
Authors: Alves Guilherme Augusto Cito , Hoshino Rodrigo Thibes , Bertoncelli Douglas Junior , Colombo Ronan Carlos , Stegani Vanessa , De Faria Ricardo Tadeu
Published: July 2018

The hybrid, obtained by back crossing between (Cattleya labiata x Cattleya forbesii) x Cattleya labiata is a vigorous plant, bi- or unifoliate, features slender and cylindrical pseudobulbs and leathery dark-greenish leaves, with oblanceolate shape format of blunt tips with the first flowering four years after sowing. In Londrina, flowering occurred twice a year, between the months of April and May and October and November with 2-4 flowers per pseudobulb and durability ranging from 15 to 20 days. The flowers of the new hybrid were purple with a labellum with a yellow center and purple stripes.
Substratos no desenvolvimento de gramado esportivo “Tifton 419"
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos Patrick Luan , Monteiro de Castilho Regina Maria
Published: July 2018

Bermuda grass are the most widely used today in high performance sports fields, the cultivar “Tifton 419” is widely indicated for installation in these areas, however, there is no official a recommendation in the literature of the best substrate for the implantation of this species, and research is needed to meet this demand. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of substrates in the development of the “Tifton 419” sporting lawn. The experiment was conducted in field with grass carpets implanted in black plastic containers (volume 8.46 L), in a completely randomized design with five substrates and 12 replicates, with treatments: soil (100%), medium sand (100%), soil (50%) + medium sand (50%), soil (33%) + medium sand (33%) + organic compost (33%) and medium sand (50%) + organic compost (50%). Macro and microporosity, total porosity, density, chlorophyll content (a + b) and fresh and dry leaf mass were evaluated. The results showed that there was influence of the substrate on the development of the turfgrass, with the medium sand (50%) + organic compost (50%) presenting greater increases of fresh and dry mass (1.09 and 0.44 kg m-2), which may lead to higher maintenance costs of the cut, and soil (33%) + medium sand (33%) + organic compost (33%) presented good results of the analyzes performed, being the one recommended for the development of the cultivar “Tifton 419” in sports fields.
Język polskiej agory wirtualnej – żargon czy pidgin? Próba definicji na podstawie opracowania McArthura (1992)
Authors: Ochotna Danuta
Published: July 2018

Język polskiej agory wirtualnej – żargon czy pidgin? Próba definicji na podstawie opracowania McArthura (1992)
The politics of performativity in transcommunication and its communicative/expressive fitness: towards a general outline
Authors: Puppel Stanisław
Published: July 2018

The politics of performativity in transcommunication and its communicative/expressive fitness: towards a general outline
Kuźnia Hefajstosa czyli krótki zarys teorii wizerunku w komunikacji człowieka
Authors: Puppel Stanisław
Published: July 2018

Kuźnia Hefajstosa czyli krótki zarys teorii wizerunku w komunikacji człowieka
Norsk språk i møte med engelsk
Authors: Skjekkeland Martin
Published: July 2018

Norsk språk i møte med engelsk
Wielokulturowe Inflanty Polskie. Cześć II: Literatura polsko-inflancka
Authors: Zajas Krzysztof
Published: July 2018

Wielokulturowe Inflanty Polskie. Cześć II: Literatura polsko-inflancka
Characterization of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Expression and Trafficking in the Adult Murine Brain
Authors: Stevenson Tamara K. , Lawrence Daniel A.
Published: July 2018

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is an immediate-early gene important for regulating physiological processes like synaptic plasticity and neurovascular coupling. It has also been implicated in several pathological processes including blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, seizure progression, and stroke. These varied reports suggest that tPA is a pleiotropic mediator whose actions are highly compartmentalized in space and time. The specific localization of tPA, therefore, can provide useful information about its function. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to provide a detailed characterization of tPA’s regional, cellular, and subcellular localization in the brain. To achieve this, two new transgenic mouse lines were utilized: (1) a PlatβGAL reporter mouse, which houses the β-galactosidase gene in the tPA locus and (2) a tPABAC-Cerulean mouse, which has a cerulean-fluorescent protein fused in-frame to the tPA C-terminus. Using these two transgenic reporters, we show that while tPA is expressed throughout most regions of the adult murine brain, it appears to be preferentially targeted to fiber tracts in the limbic system. In the hippocampus, confocal microscopy revealed tPA-Cerulean (tPA-Cer) puncta localized to giant mossy fiber boutons (MFBs) and astrocytes in stratum lucidum. With amplification of the tPA-Cer signal, somatically localized tPA was also observed in the stratum oriens (SO)/alveus layer of both CA1 and CA3 subfields. Coimmunostaining of tPA-Cer and interneuronal markers indicates that these tPA-positive cell bodies belong to a subclass of somatostatin (SST)/oriens-lacunosum moleculare (O-LM) interneurons. Together, these data imply that tPA’s localization is differentially regulated, suggesting that its neuromodulatory effects may be compartmentalized and specialized to cell type.
Angel Unaware and Down Syndrome Awareness
Authors: Evans H. Hughes , Rice Sarah T.
Published: July 2018

Dale Evans’ 1953 book, Angel Unaware, called for a new appreciation of children with DS and led to changes in attitudes regarding the condition.
A leitura de contos como recurso didático para a formação do leitor em Clube do Livro a partir da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica
Authors: Pereira Karla Raphaella Costa , Rodrigues Maycon Maia , Costa Frederico Jorge Ferreira
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo trata de uma proposta de intervenção pedagógica em escola pública estadual do Ceará por meio da elaboração e execução de um clube de leitura intitulado Clube do Livro. Projeto realizado com o apoio do Programa Interinstitucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) e idealizado por um grupo de professores da escola na qual o clube está inserido. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada é apresentada em duas fases: a primeira, bibliográfica, apresenta o referencial teórico utilizado na elaboração do projeto Clube do Livro; a segunda descreve a forma como a ação é executada. O Clube do Livro enquadra-se como pesquisa-ação por propor uma prática que intervenha no ambiente no qual se realiza a pesquisa e que seja realizada pelos membros que compõem esse grupo. Pedagogicamente, o projeto advoga-se circunscrito na Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica. A relevância desse projeto dá-se na oportunidade de oferecer aos educandos instrumentalização para o acesso a obras literárias de qualidade.
Inovação curricular: um desafio possível
Authors: Degrandis Fernando , Marques Cíntia Bueno
Published: July 2018

A inovação na área de currículo, mais do que um desejo expresso há bastante tempo pelos discursos dos educadores, é uma necessidade para o atendimento às necessidades educativas da contemporaneidade. Um projeto de reestruturação curricular apresentado como um desafio estratégico a uma rede de escolas particulares de Porto Alegre mobilizou mudanças significativas nesse sentido. Traduziu em práticas pedagógicas e ações de gestão educacional um novo formato de escola, com superação de dificuldades e resultados positivos verificados, tanto em dados quantitativos quanto em observações qualitativas. Neste artigo, pretende-se descrever o processo de reestruturação curricular de uma das escolas da referida rede, que se submeteu ao desafio proposto como case piloto. Além da descrição, objetivase suscitar reflexões acerca da temática das inovações curriculares. O case foi observado, analisado e sistematizado durante uma pesquisa que originou o Trabalho de Conclusão do Curso de Especialização em Gestão Curricular, cuja defesa ocorreu em março de 2017, na PUCRS, a qual a autora realizou como orientadora e orientanda.
A resolução de problemas como prática interdisciplinar na educação: uma proposta epistemetodológica
Authors: Fávero Altair Alberto , Tonieto Carina , Possel Bianca
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste texto é apresentar a resolução de problemas como uma possibilidade de prática interdisciplinar a partir de uma concepção epistemetodológica, buscando pensar alternativas metodológicas que tornem possível a experimentação da interdisciplinaridade no contexto escolar/acadêmico. A pergunta provocadora e orientadora aqui apresentada é: a concepção epistemológica-metodológica da resolução de problemas é uma alternativa promissora para a construção de práticas interdisciplinares na educação? Este estudo consiste numa pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória. Metodologicamente, representa uma análise teórica ancorada no método analíticohermenêutico, orientada epistemologicamente por uma perspectiva racionalista, tomada em seu posicionamento crítico-analítico e enfoque da complexidade. Na primeira parte do texto, apresenta-se a concepção epistemológica de Popper (2013; 2008; 2004; 1975), ancorada na proposta do método de conjecturas e refutações que se baseia na criação e resolução de problemas, a partir do qual é possível a construção e reconstrução do conhecimento; e, na segunda parte, apresenta-se a proposta epistemetodológica da colocação e resolução de problemas como possibilidade de prática interdisciplinar nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem, amparados em Pozo (2008)  e Sommermman (2015). A conclusão é que a proposta epistemetodológica da resolução de problemas é uma alternativa promissora para a construção de práticas interdisciplinares na educação, devido ao potencial criativo.No entanto, não representa apenas a aquisição de ferramentas e procedimentos capazes de gerar soluções quandoaplicados em si mesmos e por si mesmos, já que enquanto método precisa estar associado aos conteúdos deaprendizagem.
Rompiendo el cerco. La experiencia de Radio Noticias del Continente en Costa Rica (1979-1981)
Authors: García Fernández Anibal
Published: July 2018

Resumen:En este artículo nos proponemos analizar la experiencia radiofónica de Radio Noticias del Continente (RNC) en Costa Rica entre 1979 y 1981. Uno de los argumentos que guía esta investigación es que RNC planteó una serie de problemas políticos y diplomáticos a la dictadura argentina y a algunos países centroamericanos, entre ellos Costa Rica, El Salvador y Nicaragua. Lo anterior explicaría por qué la dictadura argentina puso énfasis en su relación bilateral con Costa Rica en el cierre de RNC, llevándola a gestiones diplomáticas, políticas, y también militares para lograr cerrar RNC.El texto está dividido en cuatro partes, primero hacemos una breve introducción. En el segundo apartado analizamos la formación de RNC, sus participantes y los contactos establecidos con organizaciones político-militares y sociales. En el tercer apartado analizamos los cables diplomáticos de la embajada argentina –usando la colección FORTI del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto (MREC) de Argentina– en Costa Rica que hablan sobre RNC, así como la presencia militar argentina en Costa Rica. Por último, corroboramos el planteamiento del cambio diplomático del gobierno de Carazo Odio, las presiones diplomáticas de la dictadura argentina y su vinculación con la “contra nicaragüense” para atacar RNC.
Enemigos, población y guerra psicológica. Los "saberes contrasubversivos" argentinos y su (re)apropiación por los militares guatemaltecos
Authors: Sala Laura Yanina
Published: July 2018

El rol preponderante que desempeñó Estados Unidos durante la Guerra Fría en Centroamérica, eclipsó las relaciones que los países del Istmo mantuvieron con el resto de la región latinoamericana muchas de las cuales permiten comprender aspectos clave de la represión estatal contrainsurgente en América Central. Este artículo indaga en las redes que tendieron los militares argentinos y guatemaltecos hacia fines de la década del setenta y principios del ochenta en el marco del proceso de transnacionalización de la violencia política característico de la Guerra Fría, pero atendiendo a las particularidades socio-históricas de cada caso. Focaliza su atención en las (re)apropiaciones que los militares guatemaltecos realizaron de los “saberes contrasubversivos” puestos en juego en los cursos y conferencias impartidos por las Fuerzas Armadas argentinas. Las fuentes principales están compuestas por entrevistas a militares guatemaltecos. El trabajo busca aportar elementos para comprender el proceso de reformulación de la estrategia represiva que el Estado guatemalteco emprendió hacia fines de los años setenta que desembocó en el genocidio más significativo del siglo XX latinoamericano
Politización y transformaciones sociales en los pueblos de campaña del Estado de Buenos Aires, 1852-1861
Authors: Zubizarreta Ignacio
Published: July 2018

Resumen: El artículo analiza el proceso de legitimación de las elites políticas porteñas en el intrincado ámbito rural gracias a un proceso también impulsado por varios sectores de vecinos de campaña. Buscamos con él contribuir a comprender mejor las transformaciones en la cultura y en las prácticas sociales post Caseros, en la yuxtaposición de dos tendencias historiográficas que se han ocupado de estudiar la politización del mundo rural y la construcción del estado (State Building). Nos focalizaremos en las nuevas prácticas políticas y sociales iniciadas al calor de una ampliada libertad de prensa y del surgimiento de clubes recreativos y políticos.Palabras clave: campaña-Estado de Buenos Aires-política-sociabilidad-mediados del s. XIX----------------- Politicization and social transformations in the rural villages of the State of Buenos Aires, 1852-1861 Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze the process of legitimization of the political elites of Buenos Aires in the intricate rural sphere as a result of a process likewise promoted by several neighboring rural sectors. Its aim is to contribute to a better understanding of the post-Caseros cultural transformations and social practices and of the transformations in the juxtaposition of two historiographical tendencies that have dealt with the politicization of the rural world and with State building. Its main focus will be the new political and social practices that began in the heat of a greater press freedom and of the rise of recreational and political clubs. Keywords:  countryside-State of Buenos Aires-politics-sociability- mid-19th Century
Validación de un modelo de gestión empresarial para pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) basado en dinámica de sistemas
Authors: Samaniego Guevara Hernan Washington
Published: July 2018

El propósito de este trabajo investigativo es demostrar la validación de un modelo de gestión empresarial diseñado acorde a la metodología de la dinámica de sistemas, el cual es aplicado exclusiva y específicamente a las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES). La validación del modelo posibilita tener la seguridad de que el mismo está en concordancia a las necesidades organizacionales de este tipo de empresas.      Para la validación del modelo se utiliza la técnica de recopilación de datos, utilizando para esto información seleccionada y obtenida durante un lapso de tiempo específico, analizando que dicha información sea relevante, confiable y correcta; considerando que, al estudiar un determinado sistema, conviene analizar su comportamiento a partir de datos representativos de lo que se espera que sea su funcionamiento habitual y no con datos correspondientes a situaciones extremas.      La conjunción de la metodología de la dinámica de sistemas y la técnica de recopilación de datos para validar el modelo generado, posibilita efectuar simulaciones las cuáles permiten a las PYMES ratificar o rectificar las políticas de gestión administrativas que aplican al interior de sus empresas.
Correlación entre la forma de la razón espectral H/V con la estratigrafía del subsuelo en 10 sitios de estudio
Authors: Schmidt Diaz Victor
Published: July 2018

Es posible que al aplicar la técnica de la razón espectral H/V para vibraciones ambientales no se logren identificar picos bien definidos que se asocien a contrastes significativos entre el suelo y el basamento. Sin embargo, la forma de este gráfico puede aportar otra información valiosa sobre distintas características del perfil de suelo como: inclinación del basamento, inversión de velocidades de onda cortante (Vs) entre estratos sucesivos de suelo, homogeneidad de los materiales, etc. Esta investigación pretende correlacionar las formas de los gráficos H/V con información geofísica disponible en 10 sitios debidamente caracterizados, tomando en cuenta conclusiones a las que han llegado otros autores como Bonnefoy-Claudet et al. (2009) y Leyton et al. (2013).
High-throughput monospin extraction for quantification of cardiovascular drugs in serum coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Namera Akira , Saito Takeshi , Seki Yoshimoto , Mizutani Taro , Murata Kazuhiro , Nagao Masataka
Published: July 2018

A novel method coupling spin column extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was developed for simultaneous extraction of β-blockers and calcium channel blockers from human serum. Sample loading, washing, and elution were accomplished via centrifugation of the column, in which mixed-mode monolithic silica bonded to a C18 reversed phase, and a cation-exchange phase was packed in a spin column. The serum sample (0.2 mL) pH was adjusted to 3 and the analytes adsorbed onto the column were eluted with 0.1 mL MeOH containing 2% NH3. The recoveries of the tested drugs were 76–108%. A linear curve was observed up to a concentration of 500 ng/mL of the target drugs in serum (r2 > 0.996). The intra-day relative standard deviations at three different concentrations were 0.6–9.6%. The limits of detection were 2 ng/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied to clinical and forensic cases.
Function of serine protease HtrA in the lifecycle of the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni
Authors: Boehm Manja , Simson Daniel , Escher Ulrike , Schmidt Anna-Maria , Bereswill Stefan , Tegtmeyer Nicole , Backert Steffen , Heimesaat Markus M.
Published: July 2018

Campylobacter jejuni is a major food-borne zoonotic pathogen, responsible for a large proportion of bacterial gastroenteritis cases, as well as Guillian-Barré and Miller-Fisher syndromes. During infection, tissue damage is mainly caused by bacteria invading epithelial cells and traversing the intestinal barrier. C. jejuni is able to enter the lamina propria and the bloodstream and may move into other organs, such as spleen, liver, or mesenteric lymph nodes. However, the involved molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. C. jejuni can transmigrate effectively across polarized intestinal epithelial cells mainly by the paracellular route using the serine protease high-temperature requirement A (HtrA). However, it appears that HtrA has a dual function, as it also acts as a chaperone, interacting with denatured or misfolded periplasmic proteins under stress conditions. Here, we review recent progress on the role of HtrA in C. jejuni pathogenesis. HtrA can be transported into the extracellular space and cleaves cell-to-cell junction factors, such as E-cadherin and probably others, disrupting the epithelial barrier and enabling paracellular transmigration of the bacteria. The secretion of HtrA is a newly discovered strategy also utilized by other pathogens. Thus, secreted HtrA proteases represent highly attractive targets for anti-bacterial treatment and may provide a suitable candidate for vaccine development.
Sistem Kendali Pintu Rumah Menggunakan SMS Gateway Berbasis Arduino Uno dan Sensor Ultrasonik
Authors: Faroqi Adam , Fitriadi Adi , Adiningsih Neni Utami
Published: July 2018

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangat mempermudah manusia dalam melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari terutama dalam sistem control. Zaman sekarang juga sering terjadi pencurian pada sebuah rumah. Pencurian dilakukan dengan cara membobol pintu rumah, terkadang juga factor kelalaian pemilik rumah yang lupa mengunci pintu. Dengan kejadian tersebut fungsi Ultrasonik dapat diterapkan pada alat yang akan dibuat. utrasonik akan mendeteksi adanya pantulan gelombang sehingga respon yang dihasilkan adalah alarm akan aktif dan Arduino Uno akan memproses untuk memberikan sebuah peringatan pada pemilik melalui SMS Gateway. Perancangan Sistem ini di dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap yaitu membuat program dari bahasa pemrogramaan bahasa C, yang akan diprogram berdasarkan perintah perintah yang akan dibuat, untuk lebih memudahkan sang pemilik menggunakannya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sistem kendali pintu rumah otomatis jarak jauh menggunakan media SMS Gateway dengan arduino sebagai mikroprosesornya. Ada beberapa komponen yang digunakan dalam perancangan sistem kendali pintu rumah otomatis ini yaitu arduino uno, SMS Gateway, sensor Ultrasonik, relay, Accu, buzzer dan juga adaptor. Sistem ini bekerja apabila ada masukan perintah melalui SMS Gateway dan diteruskan oleh arduino untuk diproses dan selanjutnya arduino akan memberi perintah pada solenoid untuk mengunci pintu. Masukan perintah pada SMS Gateway diseting sehingga hanya kata-kata yang sudah ditentukan saja yang akan diproses oleh arduino sebagai perintah masukan. Untuk membuka kunci selenoid masukan karakter SMSnya yaitu “#”, dan untuk mengunci selenoid dengan menggunakan huruf “v”. Sensor Ultrasonik akan memberi informasi ketika pintu terbuka dalam keaadaan terkunci
Synthesis of Gold Nanobipyramids by Seed-mediated Method and Santibacterial Activities
Authors: Ngo Thanh Vo Ke , Huynh Phat Trong , Nguyen Anh Thi Kim , Nguyen Giang Dang , Lam Vinh Quang
Published: July 2018

Metallic nanoparticles as antibacterial agents have been studied for several years. The most used antibacterial nanoparticles are silver nanoparticles. The mechanisms and  antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles are well known, but the effects of gold nanoparticles, especially gold Nano bipyramids, are not considered. In this research, we synthesized gold nanobipyramids (NBPs) by seed mediated method using surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). After preparing, gold nanobipyramids is removed CTAB and modified the surface using polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan as the stabilizers. Besides, antibacterial effects of gold nanobipyramids on both Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) are investigated in this paper. The results show that gold nanobipyramids have good antibacterial activities even at low concentration. The optimal concentration of stabilizers and gold nanobipyramids in antibacterial activities are also studied in this paper.
Studying the Effects of Vacancies on the Melting Temperature of \(\text{AgCe}\) Alloy
Authors: Hai Dang Thanh , Hung Vu Van , Hong Giang Thi
Published: July 2018

In order to evaluate the effects of vacancies on the melting temperature of AgCe alloy, the statistical moment method was used to find out the analytical expressions to determine the Gibbs free energy in the AB substitution alloy and the expression to calculate the melting temperature of perfect and imperfect AB substitution Alloys. The melting temperature was calculated by the numerical calculation method on the perfect and imperfect AgCe alloy. The calculating results shown that the melting temperature of alloys increase with a increase in pressure. The melting temperatures of imperfect alloy of AgCe, Ag2Ce and Ag3Ce are always slightly lower than that of perfect alloys. Especially, the melting temperatures value of perfect and imperfect alloy were almost the same at high pressure. The melting temperature of alloys increase with an increase in amount of Ag containing in the alloys. The calculated results agreed well with the experimental results at P = 0.
Constructing Electronic Phase Diagram for the Half-filled Hubbard Model with Disorder
Authors: Tuan Hoang Anh , Hai Yen Nguyen Thi
Published: July 2018

The electronic phase diagram of strongly correlated systems with disorder is constructed using the typical-medium theory. For half-filled system, the combination of the linearized dynamical mean field theory and equation of motion approach allows to derive the explicit equations determining the boundary between the correlated metal, Mott insulator, and Anderson insulator phases. Our phase diagram is consistent with those obtained by the more sophisticated methods.
A Comparative Study of Optical Bistability in Three-Level EIT Configurations
Authors: Le Doai Van , Le Phuong Thi Minh , Nguyen Anh Tuan , Doan Son Hoai , Dinh Khoa Xuan , Vu Sau Ngoc , Nguyen Bang Huy
Published: July 2018

We present a comparative study of optical bistability (OB) in three-level atomic configurations, including $\Lambda $-, cascade-, and V- types under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In the steady regime, the input-output intensity relations for the OB in each configuration have been derived in analytical form. The model allows one to construct a clear picture on how the threshold intensity, and other characteristics of the OB are continuously modified with respects to controllable parameters of the laser fields, cooperation parameter, and other physical parameters of atomic system. The results showed that the threshold intensity of OB in \(\Lambda \)-type system is much less than the other ones and the threshold intensity of OB in V-type system is the largest one. The analytical result is convenient to choose excitation configuration for experimental observations and related applications in photonic devices.
MECHANISMS OF NEPHROSCLEROSIS DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH VESICOURETERAL REFLUX
Authors: Morozova Olga L. , Litvitskiy Peter F. , Morozov Dmitri A. , Maltseva Larisa D.
Published: July 2018

The lecture discusses the issue of reflux nephropathy for specialists of the system of higher medical education: the article provides the definition, characterizes the epidemiology, risk factors for disease development in children with vesicoureteral reflux, causes and molecular mechanisms of renal fibrosis formation and progression in reflux nephropathy, and markers for diagnosing and predicting the disease course. In order to control the retention of the lecture material, the text includes case problems and multiple-choice tests.
INTAKE OF A VITAMIN-MINERAL COMPLEX IS A RATIONAL WAY TO MAKE UP A CALCIUM DEFICIENCY IN CONDITIONS OF INSUFFICIENT CONSUMPTION OF DAIRY PRODUCTS BY A CHILD
Authors: Shikh Evgenia V. , Makhova Anna A. , Emelyashenkov Evgeny E.
Published: July 2018

A calcium deficiency is detected in more than 80% of children. This is the result of inadequate consumption of milk and dairy products which are the main food sources of calcium. There is a correlation between deficiency of calcium intake with food in childhood and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in subsequent life periods. With insufficient exogenous intake of calcium, its concentration in the blood decreases which stimulates bone resorption. The factors that further limit the consumption of dairy products are lactase deficiency and cow's milk protein allergy. In order to ensure the intake of the necessary amount of calcium, it is advisable to use vitaminmineral complexes in children that contain not only a sufficient amount of calcium and vitamin D but also other micronutrients required for bone formation.
CHANGES IN URINE MICROFLORA IN CHILDREN WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED URINARY TRACT INFECTION ADMITTED TO HOSPITAL BETWEEN 1990 AND 2015: A RETROSPECTIVE FULL-DESIGN STUDY OF CASE SERIES
Authors: Zhdanova Olga A. , Nastausheva Tatyana L. , Grebennikova Irina V. , Batishcheva Galina A. , Balalaeva Irina Yu.
Published: July 2018

Background. It is necessary to study the microbial spectrum of urine in order to determine the features of the urinary tract infection (UTI) course and to make the right choice of a therapeutic approach. Objective. Our aim was to study the structure of urine microflora in children with community-acquired UTI and its change in the period from 1990 to 2015.

Methods. We conducted a continuous analysis of case histories of children admitted to hospital with UTI (pyelonephritis, cystitis, non-site specific urinary tract infection) in 1990, 2000, and 2015. We studied the results of triple (in succession) urine cultures. Shedding in a concentration of ≥ 103 cfu/ml for primary pathogens, ≥ 103 cfu/ml in boys and ≥ 104 cfu/ml in girls for secondary pathogens, ≥ 105 cfu/ml for doubtful pathogens considered to be a diagnostically significant one.

Results. Members of the family Enterobacteriaceae were the main causative agents of the UTI in 1990 (found in 90.4% of 502 samples), 2000 (in 79.7% of 632 samples), and 2015 (in 67.6% of 801 samples, df = 2, p < 0.001). Escherichia coli remained the most common microorganism, the isolation rate of which decreased from 79.9% in 1990 to 39.5% in 2015 (p < 0.001). In the period from 2000 to 2015, there was a decrease in the frequency of urine detection of Enterobacter spp. (from 5.9 to 2.5%; p < 0.001) and Citrobacter spp. (from 5.2 to 1%; p < 0.001) and, on the contrary, an increase in the isolation rate of Proteus spp. (from 7.8 to 11.7%; p = 0.005), Klebsiella spp. (from 2.8 to 12.9%; p < 0.001) and Enterococcus spp. (from 1.8 to 19.1%; p < 0.001); the latter two — due to more frequent shedding in boys (by 10.5 and 19.9%, respectively).

Conclusion. The Enterobacteriaceae members, mainly E. coli and Enterococcus spp., remained the predominant UTI pathogens in children in 1990, 2000, and 2015. The isolation rate of E. coli has declined significantly in recent years, whereas that of Klebsiella spp. and Enterococcus spp. has increased.
ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN LIVING IN URBAN SETTINGS OF THE ALTAI REGION: A POPULATION-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Shakhova Natalia V. , Kamaltynova Elena M. , Lobanov Yuriy Ph. , Ardatova Tatyana S.
Published: July 2018

Background.It is necessary to study the prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis (AR) among pre-school children in order to develop a disease prevention strategy.

Objective.Our aim was to study the prevalence, clinical and allergological features, and risk factors for AR in pre-school children living in urban settings of the Altai Region.

Methods.At the screening stage, the study enrolled children aged 3–6 years attending pre-school educational institutions in 5 cities of the Altai Region. AR symptoms were determined using the ISAAC questionnaire. The AR was diagnosed if ≥ 2 symptoms (rhinorrhea, nasal breathing difficulty, itching in the nasal cavity, repetitive sneezing) lasted ≥ 1 h with a positive prick test and/or a blood level of specific IgE > 0.35 kU/L to at least one allergen (total 11).

Results.The prevalence of AR in urban children aged 3–6 years (n = 3,205) was 10.6%; 48% of them were previously diagnosed with AR. 85% of children had a persistent course of the disease; 69% had mild AR. Most often, there was established sensitization to house dust mites (61.6%), birch pollen (40.9%), and cat fur (19.4%). The risk factors for AR were family history of allergies [odds ratio (OR) 4.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5–5.9], masculine (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.9–4.0), smoking parents (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.9), nonadherence to a regimen/dosage of vitamin D3 intake in infancy (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.8), presence of asthma-like symptoms (OR 10.2, 95% CI 7.2–14.5), and manifestations of atopic dermatitis (OR 6.0, 95% CI 4.2–8.5).

Conclusion.AR occurs in every tenth pre-school child (mainly of mild severity and persistent course), every second disease among them was diagnosed for the first time. Sensitization occurs to typical for childhood allergens. The risk factors for AR are family history of allergies, masculine, passive smoking, ignoring the recommendations of taking vitamin D3 in infancy, the presence of atopic dermatitis, and asthma-like symptoms.
A CASE OF THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN A NURSING INFANT
Authors: Turti Tatiana V. , Bokuchava Ekaterinа G. , Illarionov Alexey S. , Selivanova Anastasiya G.
Published: July 2018

Background.The early (in the first months of life) formation of atopic status and the development of allergies are not uncommon pathological conditions in a pediatrician's practice, requiring sufficiently studied and theoretically grounded measures for the organization of primary/secondary prevention.

Case Report.The parents visited a doctor with complaints of widespread skin rashes and troubled night sleep in a child from the age of two months. A burdened history of allergies of the child was traced through the female lineage (food allergy in the mother, maternal sister and grandmother). The perinatal period is complicated by acute respiratory infection in the third trimester and by maternal nutritional preferences (consumption of goat's and whole cow's milk). The delayed (on the 5th day of life) breastfeeding initiation, feeding with cow's milk-based formula, living next to an industrial enterprise, maternal choices of products with a high sensitizing potential not only during pregnancy but also during breastfeeding probably caused the early formation of atopic status — dry skin, widespread papular rash, microvesicles on the cheeks, hips, shins, scratching traces, serous-bloody crusts objectively defined at admission. The SCORAD scores corresponded to severe atopic dermatitis. The ImmunoCAP technology revealed high antibody titres to a number of products, including cow's milk and chicken egg proteins. Based on the findings, a therapeutic diet aimed at secondary prevention of allergic diseases, including respiratory allergies, was developed for the child.

Conclusion.A case of the early (from 2 months) formation of atopic status with the development of atopic dermatitis caused by polyvalent food sensitization is described. A therapeutic diet containing products with a low sensitizing potential was prescribed for the child. The suggested therapy including the diet should prevent the progression of an allergic disease.
PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF HEALTHY CHILDREN
Authors: Kil’diyarova Rita R.
Published: July 2018

Preventive medical examinations of healthy children or mass prophylactic examinations of minors in the Russian Federation are governed by the orders of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The data on regulatory and organizational support for the prophylactic examination of healthy children is presented. The article provides a comparative analysis on the frequency of children examinations by a district pediatrician, consultations by specialty doctors as well as additional examinations in accordance with the orders of the Ministry of Health of Russia No.1346n and No.514n entered into force on January 1, 2018. The authors give comments on the proposals of MO Revnova et al. suggested in the article “Towards the Improvement of the System of Mass Prophylactic Examinations of the Child Population”.
COMMENT ON THE ARTICLE BY RITA R. KIL’DIYAROVA «PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF HEALTHY CHILDREN»
Authors: Tatochenko Vladimir K.
Published: July 2018

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Weed Interference on Productivity of Bell Pepper Crops
Authors: ULJOL L.H.O. , BIANCO S. , FILHO A.B.C. , BIANCO M.S. , CARVALHO L.B.
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to determine the interference periods of weeds of the bell pepper cultivar ‘Dahra’. Two experiments were conducted during the years 2014/15 (harvest with lower rainfall) and 2015/16 (harvest with higher rainfall). The treatments consisted of 11 growing periods of cohabitation and weed control with ‘Dahra’ bell peppers: 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126, 140 and 154 days after transplanting (DAT). For the determination of the interference periods, the productivity data were analyze using the Boltzmann sigmoidal regression model. The main weeds were Eleusine indica, Brachiaria plantaginea, Digitaria nuda and Nicandra physaloides for presenting high biomass and relative density. The concomitance of these weeds caused losses of up to 85.22% (2014/15) and 86.2% (2015/16) in the fruit yield. It was found that, respectively, for the years 2014/15 and 2015/16, the period before the interference was 17 and 11 DAT, and the total interference prevention period of 71 and 89 DAT. Considering a tolerance of 5% in reducing bell pepper yield, it is recommended that weed control be performed from 11 to 89 DAT.
Response of Soybean Cultivars in Rotation with Irrigated Rice Crops Cultivated in Clearfield® System
Authors: AGOSTINETTO D. , FRAGA D.S. , VARGAS L. , OLIVEIRA A.C.B. , ANDRES A. , VILLELA F.A.
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT: Soybean crop rotation with irrigated rice is an alternative for the management of weedy rice (Oryza sativa) resistant to herbicides from the imidazolinone chemical group. This work had the purpose to evaluate the phytotoxicity of soybean crops containing the technologies Cultivance® (CV) and tolerance to sulphonylurea and Roundup Ready® (RR), deriving from increasing doses of the imazapyr and imazapic herbicide mixture, applied in the irrigated rice crop management. Thus, the experiment was performed on field, where treatments consisted in three soybean cultivars (BRS382CV, CD249STS and NA5909RR) and five doses of the imazapyr and imazapic herbicides mixture (0, 49, 98, 196 and 392 g a.i. ha-1). The evaluated variables were phytotoxicity, yield components and physiological quality of the seeds. Soybean cultivar BRS382CV is tolerant to herbicide carryover, applied in the management of weedy rice in irrigated rice crops, but the other cultivars are susceptible to it. Cultivar productivity, yield components and physiological quality of the seeds are affected by the carryover increase of the imazapyr and imazapic herbicide mixture.
How Hard Is Bribery in Elections?
Authors: Faliszewski P. , Hemaspaandra E. , Hemaspaandra L. A.
Published: July 2018

We study the complexity of influencing elections through bribery: How computationally complex is it for an external actor to determine whether by paying certain voters to change their preferences a specified candidate can be made the elections winner? We study this problem for election systems as varied as scoring protocols and Dodgson voting, and in a variety of settings regarding homogeneous-vs.-nonhomogeneous electorate bribability, bounded-size-vs.-arbitrary-sized candidate sets, weighted-vs.-unweighted voters, and succinct-vs.-nonsuccinct input specification. We obtain both polynomial-time bribery algorithms and proofs of the intractability of bribery, and indeed our results show that the complexity of bribery is extremely sensitive to the setting. For example, we find settings in which bribery is NP-complete but manipulation (by voters) is in P, and we find settings in which bribing weighted voters is NP-complete but bribing voters with individual bribe thresholds is in P. For the broad class of elections (including plurality, Borda, k-approval, and veto) known as scoring protocols, we prove a dichotomy result for bribery of weighted voters: We find a simple-to-evaluate condition that classifies every case as either NP-complete or in P.
Learning Bayesian Network Equivalence Classes with Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Daly R. , Shen Q.
Published: July 2018

Bayesian networks are a useful tool in the representation of uncertain knowledge. This paper proposes a new algorithm called ACO-E, to learn the structure of a Bayesian network. It does this by conducting a search through the space of equivalence classes of Bayesian networks using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). To this end, two novel extensions of traditional ACO techniques are proposed and implemented. Firstly, multiple types of moves are allowed. Secondly, moves can be given in terms of indices that are not based on construction graph nodes. The results of testing show that ACO-E performs better than a greedy search and other state-of-the-art and metaheuristic algorithms whilst searching in the space of equivalence classes.
Llull and Copeland Voting Computationally Resist Bribery and Constructive Control
Authors: Faliszewski P. , Hemaspaandra E. , Hemaspaandra L. A. , Rothe J.
Published: July 2018

Control and bribery are settings in which an external agent seeks to influence the outcome of an election. Constructive control of elections refers to attempts by an agent to, via such actions as addition/deletion/partition of candidates or voters, ensure that a given candidate wins. Destructive control refers to attempts by an agent to, via the same actions, preclude a given candidate's victory. An election system in which an agent can sometimes affect the result and it can be determined in polynomial time on which inputs the agent can succeed is said to be vulnerable to the given type of control. An election system in which an agent can sometimes affect the result, yet in which it is NP-hard to recognize the inputs on which the agent can succeed, is said to be resistant to the given type of control.

Aside from election systems with an NP-hard winner problem, the only systems previously known to be resistant to all the standard control types were highly artificial election systems created by hybridization. This paper studies a parameterized version of Copeland voting, denoted by Copeland^\alpha, where the parameter \alpha is a rational number between 0 and 1 that specifies how ties are valued in the pairwise comparisons of candidates. In every previously studied constructive or destructive control scenario, we determine which of resistance or vulnerability holds for Copeland^\alpha for each rational \alpha, 0 \leq \alpha \leq 1. In particular, we prove that Copeland^{0.5}, the system commonly referred to as ``Copeland voting,'' provides full resistance to constructive control, and we prove the same for Copeland^\alpha, for all rational \alpha, 0 < \alpha < 1. Among systems with a polynomial-time winner problem, Copeland voting is the first natural election system proven to have full resistance to constructive control. In addition, we prove that both Copeland^0 and Copeland^1 (interestingly, Copeland^1 is an election system developed by the thirteenth-century mystic Llull) are resistant to all standard types of constructive control other than one variant of addition of candidates. Moreover, we show that for each rational \alpha, 0 \leq \alpha \leq 1, Copeland^\alpha voting is fully resistant to bribery attacks, and we establish fixed-parameter tractability of bounded-case control for Copeland^\alpha.

We also study Copeland^\alpha elections under more flexible models such as microbribery and extended control, we integrate the potential irrationality of voter preferences into many of our results, and we prove our results in both the unique-winner model and the nonunique-winner model. Our vulnerability results for microbribery are proven via a novel technique involving min-cost network flow.
Message-Based Web Service Composition, Integrity Constraints, and Planning under Uncertainty: A New Connection
Authors: Hoffmann J. , Bertoli P. , Helmert M. , Pistore M.
Published: July 2018

Thanks to recent advances, AI Planning has become the underlying technique for several applications. Figuring prominently among these is automated Web Service Composition (WSC) at the "capability" level, where services are described in terms of preconditions and effects over ontological concepts. A key issue in addressing WSC as planning is that ontologies are not only formal vocabularies; they also axiomatize the possible relationships between concepts. Such axioms correspond to what has been termed "integrity constraints" in the actions and change literature, and applying a web service is essentially a belief update operation. The reasoning required for belief update is known to be harder than reasoning in the ontology itself. The support for belief update is severely limited in current planning tools.

Our first contribution consists in identifying an interesting special case of WSC which is both significant and more tractable. The special case, which we term "forward effects", is characterized by the fact that every ramification of a web service application involves at least one new constant generated as output by the web service. We show that, in this setting, the reasoning required for belief update simplifies to standard reasoning in the ontology itself. This relates to, and extends, current notions of "message-based" WSC, where the need for belief update is removed by a strong (often implicit or informal) assumption of "locality" of the individual messages. We clarify the computational properties of the forward effects case, and point out a strong relation to standard notions of planning under uncertainty, suggesting that effective tools for the latter can be successfully adapted to address the former.

Furthermore, we identify a significant sub-case, named "strictly forward effects", where an actual compilation into planning under uncertainty exists. This enables us to exploit off-the-shelf planning tools to solve message-based WSC in a general form that involves powerful ontologies, and requires reasoning about partial matches between concepts. We provide empirical evidence that this approach may be quite effective, using Conformant-FF as the underlying planner.