bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
دڑدآتا گواچی نا افسانہ غاتیٹی ثقافت نا دروشم
Authors: Hafeezullah  , Dr. Abdul Haleem Sadiq
Published: December 2021

Short story plays a key role to understand the fiction or prose. It's to be said that the short story infuses as a magical in the mind of a reader when it is read simultaneously. It compels the reader to understand the aestheticity of life and truth. This article demonstrates a critical analysis of the great Brahui writer "Gul Bangulzai" entitled as "darda Ata Gwachi. This story basically presents shadow of real life of the Brahui- Balochi people in Balochistan. This paper focuses the nomadic life, the collective grievances and cultural norms dwell in rural areas of the mainland of Balochistan. This paper also exerts an importance of great interest that the author explains the season of the year, blooming of the flower, steppes and plains of Balochistan, and flowing of the rivers in a realistic way. The main objective of this paper is to illustrate all aspects, mentioned in the story in a critical way.
بیست و یکمی صدی ٹی براہوئی زبان نا آخبت، ویل و گڑتیک
Authors: Jalil Ahmed Mengal  , Dr.Manzoor Baloch
Published: December 2021

According to UNESCO 2008   report, 2500   languages are endangered in the world, 27 of them   exist in Pakistan. Brahui language is also one of them. In this research paper it would be try to shed some spotlight on the real status of Brahui language, whether the Brahui language is endangered or it is still safe. According to UNESCO report the cause of endangerment of Brahui language is because of the less speakers but at the same time it is interesting to note here that Brahui speakers are present from Balochistan to Afghanistan? Iran and Turkmenistan. The real cause of endangerment of the Brahui language will be tried to evaluate in this article.
براہوئی درمان تیٹی لوز، ہچکاری نا مانہ او گشاد
Authors: Mahjabeen Khan
Published: December 2021

Vernacular healing tradition in Brahui folk literature shows the folk wisdom of nomadism in Balochistan. The healing tradition by remedies and herbs. The people of Balochistan were had knowledge of traditional treatment before the scientific and medical awareness. The basic knowledge of herbs and healing tradition got from the nomadic life, with the passage of time people used to live in mountain’s ranges of Balochistan. It was the reason to knowing the basic knowledge about healing tradition with remedies or folk methods. The believes and experiences of people in healing or remedies treatment had introduced a word Hichkaari   it means the absolute treatment or better treatment about a disease. The word Hichkaari shows authority in itself about traditional herbs or remedies. Beside verbal and public knowledge it can observed worthy knotweed about vernacular and remedies healing tradition in Brahui folk lore.  The theory of Bricolage introduced by Liwi Strass a follower of Post modernism theory has been applying to conduct this research paper. A social and psychological analysis have been adapted to complete this research in approach of qualitative methodology.
براہوئی ادب اٹ نیاڑی تا شاعری نا روایت
Authors: Zahida Parveen
Published: December 2021

Undeniably, Poetry promotes Literacy. It is an individual’s Creativity. Expression of poetry links with physical, intellectual, emotional and natural feelings. Poetry is everywhere, it just needs editing. this article aims to enlighten the works of women in the field of Brahui poetry. there are some women who engraved their names in the history of Brahui poetry. Such as the names of great poetesses are: Tahira Ahsas, Humira Sadaf and Rabiya Khuzdari and many more. Due to these women the Classical and ancient poetry still prevails at the very same way the male writers have also played a great role in the development of Brahui Literature.  The rhyme of poetry which was initiated by the ancients and now it is being developed and molded accordingly to the needs and demands of the modern poetry. The art of thyme, melody and logical techniques are also discussed here in. the women who belong to rural areas of Balochistan are presented with their real glamour and shine in this article. which remained unidentified in history of Brahui Literature. No doubt, most of the folk music are sung by women and they made a footstep to progress the literature and Brahui poetry.
براہوئی ڈرامہ نا اولیکو کتاب ’’استو نا بندغ‘‘ اسہ جاچ اس
Authors: Muhammad Ashraf  , Kiazai Muhammad Nasir
Published: December 2021

Raag, a folk term has used for Drama in ancient Brahui. In folk literature when the Brahui modern literature were not introduced the Term Raag were used for entertain. After establishment of Radio Station center at Quetta, the different parts of modern literature opened the windows for Brahui fiction. There is prominent writer which Mr. Ghulam Nabi Rahi has started firstly Brahui radio Drama, soon after the tradition of Brahui drama has spread all over the Balochistan. A compilation of his first period’s Drama known as Isto naa Bandagh. This research paper discussed and analyses the technique and tendency of Rahi’s Drama. Mostly his dramas have played from Radio and Television Quetta center after Sixties. Shaahbeg naa wataakh a very famous radio Drama, where the social problems were reflecting. A descriptive method has been used to complete this paper.
گل خندان نا قصہ غا تیٹی غیر انسانی کردارآتا جاچ اس
Authors: Qadir Shah
Published: December 2021

Folktales are stories that grew out of the lives and imaginations of the people, or folk. They have always been children’s favorite type of folk literature. Their popularity springs from their imaginative characters, their supernatural elements, Folktales employ certain characteristics or conventions common to virtually all tales. Brahui literature is rich in folktales. Mr. Afzal Mengal has played very important role in collecting of these folktales. In this article we will discuss the imaginative characters which have been presented in his folktales collection book “Gul E Khindan”. This paper concluded with the kinds of folk characters, especially the animals, the reptiles and pets.
براہوئی انشائیہ ٹی راجی ویل نا درک
Authors: Aysha Wahab
Published: December 2021

Brahui fiction has its dimensions, beside Novel, Short Story and Drama, the fourth part of Brahui fiction is known as “Inshaeya”. The word inshaeya can be translated as Essay. It can be describing as the shortest form of Short Story. the Brahui essay is a part of fiction. The purpose of writing this title is to identify social issues of the community in inshaeya. the history of shortest short story in Brahui commenced from 1960. When “Shirookh” published by Mr. Kamil-ul- Qadri, the decade of 60ties opened corridor for Brahui Inshaeya, after Qadri the local writers had worked on inshaeya. it is a part of Brahui fiction now. This paper has it objected to identified the inshaeya that the social problems have been addressed in. a qualitative research methodology has been adopted to complete this paper, the mod of this paper by topic is descriptive research. And the secondary source of data has been used and it has limited with the work of Mr. Kamil-ul-Qadri, Haji Abdul Latif Bangulzai, Prof. Khudaedad Gul, Mr. Arif Zia and Mr. Ghamkhwar Hayat in premises of Sarawan. This ends with the question why the work on ishaeya is slow in Brahui then the Short Story.
براہوئی نثری ادب ٹی ناول نا ردوم
Authors: Shahida BiBi
Published: December 2021

The study of this article is to examine the role of Novel in Brahui society. Brahui literature as compare to other literature in Pakistan has long history which was transferred to a nation to other nation. Which is being called folk literature. But when we take a look towards the progress in the field of Novel writing in Brahui it became much popular as other fields in literature. The first Novel which had been first ever written in Brahui was "Dreehav" authored by Gul Bangulzai. But later Novel writing took place in Brahui literature. the work which is a piece of shadow on Brahui Novel and to elaborate the history of Brahui Novel.
براہوئی رسم و دود آک و نیاڑی نا کڑد
Authors: Qamar-un-Nisa
Published: December 2021

This article evaluates the status of women in Brahui Tribes. women have special status across the world and known as innocent human being. But when we take a look towards status of women in Brahui Tribe we feel proud that women have extra ordinary status in Brahui region. the women have gifted us folk literature which is the mirror of every society. The folk literature by author is an unknown source. The Women especially in promoting the heritage and customs has played vital role to enhance the folk literature. they have great strength to promote folk literature and carried out the literature through a generation to next generation.
Cross Cultural Analysis of The Holy Woman And A Doll’s House Against The Backdrop Of Marxist Feminism
Authors: Bilawal Ali  , Rafea Bukhari
Published: December 2021

This study aims to investigate how patriarchy creates impediments in the way of women’s monetary empowerment. Further, it aims to analyze man-made restraints in property share and economic-led opportunities. For this, two diverse societies of Pakistan and Norway have been examined and research is framed under the notion of Marxist feminism. Marxist feminists believe in and work on equal door of chances for both genders in earning their livelihoods. In The Holy Woman by Qaisra Shahraz and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, female protagonists Nora and Zari Bano suffer from and struggle against the economic constraints and become source of inspiration for others. Authors openly criticize patriarchy and its role in making women economically weak. In a parallel fashion, both find their ways to acknowledge women’s role in economic sphere in their respective societies of East and West. At the end, in given circumstances both female major characters discover financial independency and take stand against capitalism. Thus, they break the chain of making women subordinate against the monetary gain in the society. Research is descriptive in nature and adopts a qualitative approach to explore the required themes through textual examination.
Magic Realism: An Overview of Gabriel Garcia Marquezs’ One Hundred Years of Solitude
Authors: Jaffar Shah  , Ghulam Rasool  , Zia-ur-Rehman
Published: December 2021

Magic Realism refers to the method of describing reality in a mythical, magical and supernatural version of the indigenous cultures. This paper highlights the significance of the tool of Magic Realism with reference to Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude as a fantastic literary form employed by the writer to present his culture, society and political history. Reality combined with magical elements, this paper has Magic Realism as theoretical framework to prove how Gabriel Garcia Marquez manipulates this tool to tell the reality of his national history, colonialism, and post-colonialism period. Employing the tool of Magic Realism, the writing is all about troubles, loss and death in the Colombia. The intention is to combine fantastic in order to present his Colombia, where myths and modern inventions are part of the same environment; where the indigenous culture has not been subdued by the advent of modern technology. The writer of the novel also wants his people to acquire true knowledge in lieu of mere imitation of the West. The main source of the data in this paper was literature review that helped identify the gap. This paper is meant to bridge the gap identified through the literature. The specific objective is to ascertain as to how Magic Realism has been employed by Gabriel Garcia Marquez in One Hundred Years of Solitude so as to stick to the truth of his national history.
Class conflict in Victorian fiction with especial Reference to Hardy’s novels
Authors: Dr Saima Manzoor  , Ghulam Rasool  , Shumaila Barozai
Published: December 2021

The Victorian novel is dominated by class conflict. This research paper is an attempt to define the different classes of the society and the attitude of the Victorian novelists, especially, that of Hardy’s, towards class distinction. The present study includes the nineteenth century novelists, namely, Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Charles Kingsley, George Meredith and Thomas Hardy who in their works focus upon class conflict. The paper, while highlighting the attitude of the Victorian writers towards class conflict, mainly explores the major novels of Hardy who, being highly conscious about his humble origin, presents such characters who are inclined to social improvement. In Victorian fiction the elite class is marked with meanness and moral degradation. The research study would provide relevant information about the conflict between haves and have not especially with reference to Hardy’s fiction.
Comparative Analysis of the Theme of “Love” In John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” And “The Good-Morrow”
Authors: Dr. Saman Salah  , Dr. Saba Zaidi  , Hoor Jan Zagar Mengal
Published: December 2021

This paper seeks to investigate the concept of John Donne’s love in his poems “The Sun Rising” And “The Good-Morrow”. These poems show unmistakable attributes of Metaphysical ballads which include conversational phrasing, drawing creative symbolism from unusual sources, energetically breaking down connections and analyzing sentiments. This paper investigates the poems from the perspective of love through a qualitative research design with a descriptive, exploratory and interpretative approach.  Besides, the poems are analyzed using content analysis. Both the poems contain the experience of love and affection through vanities, Metaphysical mind, language procedures and symbolism, in a certain tone utilizing legitimate contention. The effect of Donne's utilization of immediate and informal language demonstrates the peruser how he feels about a lady and at last love. Besides both the poems contain feelings of commitment, passion and intimacy as elements of profound love.
Theme of Love in Odes Published in Daily Jang Quetta in 2014
Authors: Abdul Waheed
Published: December 2021

Daily Jang, Quetta is an esteem Urdu newspaper of Baluchistan. Besides publishing local, National and international news for the information of general public, it is also contributing a major portion of Urdu Literature to the readers. A special weekly edition is published purely for literary writings which include Prose, Poetry and many other literary genres. In poetry, Ode has been given full coverage. A critical analysis of these Odes, being published in Daily Jang has many aspects in their subject. Those poets, who exercised the theme of love in their Odes in 2014 “Fikr-o-Adab” edition, are critically examined. The objective of this study is to find out the love theme in the Odes of these poets.
Reflection of Brahui Culture in Brahui Modern Prose
Authors: Dinakhel Dr. Muhammad Ali
Published: December 2021

According to a proverbial saying of Mattew Arnold, literature is the reflection of society. Following this idea it is true that the best reflection of a culture and society is found in the literature of that very community. Writers reflect culture in their writings because they can’t live without being influenced by the environment in which they live. Environment has its influence upon writers and that is why a writer or poet directly or indirectly describes his environment and culture. As compare to poetry, culture is visibly seen in prose. Same is the case of the reflection of Brahui culture in its prose. We easily know about the main cultural tenets of Brahui people through their literature. Their life-style, customs, food, education, professions, religion etc. are found in the prose of Brahui Literature. Modern genres in Brahui Prose, like novel, short story, drama etc. are the main sources of Brahui Culture. This article attempts to analyse modern genres of prose like novel, drama, short story and so on in Brahui language to discover and point out main features of Brahui Culture.

Key Words: Brahui, Culture, Balochistan, Literature, Prose
براہوئی نا :کم نیامجی بنی : (مڈ لو سینٹر) توارآتا جاچ
Authors: Ababakki Abdul Raziq
Published: December 2021

This paper has adopted Sindhi script for Brahui Linguistic problems. In the 19th century, two different scripts were found to be used in Brahui language. The fact remains, that Brahui has adopted different writing styles in different time periods, and the Phonemic problems have arisen in every script this language has followed. In this title analysis of the Mid Low Center Voices of Brahui language, in Sindhi adopted script, the author has highlighted those phonemic issues that relate to Brahui Vowels, which do occur in adopted scripts. Hence, the objective of this paper has been, to identify these issues regarding Mid Low Center Voice, “H”. The study has been conducted on the overseas Brahui work. The secondary data has been used to conduct this research. The basic research has satisfactorily helped to achieve the above mentioned objectives with positive results. Consequently, the author recommends further research work in Linguistics, particularly, in the above stated area.
براہوئی افسانہ مسافر؛ نا فنی او تنقیدی جاچ اس
Authors: Hanfi Muneer Ahmed
Published: December 2021

In the 19th century, Haibat Khan crafted "Musaafir" the premier fiction, a historical short story in the Brahui language and it was published in the year 1957, in the monthly literary magazine Nawaiy-e-Watan. The author employed content analysis, a branch of descriptive research to critically review fiction writing techniques, in comparison with the modern day fictions.  The investigation revealed that the ‘Musaafir’ is a masterpiece of literary work in Brahui language, which focuses the portrayal of nature, characterizations, narration skills, theme and plot development, dialog formation, thought process, description of events and climax based fictitious short story. This study represents the culture of the society in Balochistan, and also reflects the writers’ insight of fiction drafting skills in line with contemporary fiction writing techniques
براہوئی انشائیہ نا تحقیقی او تنقیدی تبصرہ غاتا اسہ جاچ اس
Authors: Bangulzai Abdul Latif
Published: December 2021

Prose-writing is a style of the literature which has been carried out in each and every neighboring languages of the Brahui speaking people. Being a style of literature, prose-writing differentiates itself from fiction writing in different stages.The history of prose-writing is not so long in the Brahui literature, but it is has enriched one of the major portions of the Brahui language. Prose-writing started in the early days of 1970, when Kamil al Qadris’” Sirox” was published. This was the basic book which opened the doors for the forthcoming prose-writers of the Brahui literature. The Brahui prose-writing a clear picture of the Brahui society and psyche. In this paper, all aspects of the prose concerning to the Brahui literature will be discussed in detail and it will be shown that how the prose writing has been effective in the Brahui literature.
براہوئی خلقی شاعری، خلقی زند نا آدینک
Authors: Mengal Yousaf
Published: December 2021

In order to be aware of the social life of a community the study of their folk literature is necessary. folk literature not only gives awareness regarding culture, social norms, values and tradition of a particular community, bat also the reader comes to know about their religious beliefs and day –to day life, the folk literature of a particular community not only tells what sources they bring in use in order to lead their life but also depicts their way of earning their daily –bread Brahui people have depicted their way of earning their daily –bread. Brahui people have depicted their emotions and feelings in the form of folk poetry. This is why the folk literature is also said to be the voice of heart the people. The language of Brahui folk literature is very simple, easily understandable for a common man and it is based on realism, thus folk poetry reflects the folk of Brahui people.
Learning of Brahui Language in Balochistan.
Authors: Sabir Abdul Razzaq
Published: December 2021

Brahui a North Proto Dravidian (NPD) language spoken about 2000 km far from other Sourth Dravidian languages (SPD) in South India i.e. Tamil, Talgu, Malyalam, Kanada, Gondi etc and Central Proto Dravidian (CPD) languages in the Central India i.e. Karukh and Malto by about two million people. It is spoken in the central parts of Balochistan, interior Sindh province in Pakistan and in the Sistan o Balochistan province of Iran, Helmund and Nimroz provinces of Afghanistan, Gulf States, and also there are few families have still preserved. Brahui in Mari province of Turkmenistan. In compare with the other nonliterary tribal dialects of Dravidian languages Brahui is enjoying a worth mentioning literary status in Balochistan-Pakistan. The past history of Brahui language is witnessed that it has been used only as an oral language till post-colonial period in Balochistan. There was no tradition of using Brahui as medium of instruction or in writing, although some works in Brahui had appeared before then, the Brahui literary movement started in the reign of Khan Naseer Khan in the 18th century but a standard literary movement started only after the 1950 when some newspapers including “Muhalim Quetta”, “Balochi Karachi” started publishing in Brahui besides Balochi in Pakistan. While weekly “Elum” Mastung a Brahui-Urdu newspaper was a revolutionary addition in the history of Brahui journalism and learning.
Brahui Journalism & The Literature.
Authors: Naseebullah
Published: December 2021

The traces of Brahui Journalism are found in the middle age/era of Brahui literature which is described to be closely associated with the literature as the promotion of Brahui literature besides publication of different material i.e. pamphlets, booklets and books had through the journalism especially the print media that boosted literature in a way that could be done through the other conventional sources. Brahui literature and journalism took a new shape in the modern era as Brahui writers used the platform of print media particularly the magazines being published not only in Brahui but also in Sindhi, Balochi and Urdu languages, Besides individual efforts, the Tribal Publicity Organization, electronic media and the Brahui literary organizations also played pivotal role in promotion of Brahui literature have different thoughts about the eras of Brahui literature. Dr. Abdul Rehman Brahui and Noor Muhammad Parwana had spread it into four eras while Sosan Brahui and Saleh Muhammad Shad describe this into three eras. Sosan stretch out Brahui eras as i) Folk literature; ii) Ancient; and iii) Modern literature while shad ranges it as i) Ancient age; ii) middle age0 1770-1960 and iii) Modern age- 1960- to –date. (Shad: 1986) However, most of the Brahui writers have a unanimous consensus that the Brahui literature covers four eras. Through this study, the Brahui Journalism and its role in promoting the Brahui literature has been focused.
Brahui Language, Brahuilogy and Balochistan.
Authors: Rodeni Bahdur Khan , Baloch Zeenat Sana
Published: December 2021

Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan. It is forty-two percent of the total area of Pakistan. However, the population of Balochistan is the lowest. It is 6.5 million; Balochistan is a multi linguistic province. Many languages are spoken and written. There are important among the Brahui, Balochi and Pashto. Balochi and Brahui have many common words. Brahui is considered the oldest language spoken in Balochistan. According to famous Russian Scholar Uri: Genko Vsky, it is an old as 3000 B.C. the Brahuis came earlier then Baloch from Alburz, and settled in central Balochistan. The original Brahuis are Mirwanis, Qambranis, Gurganaris, Sumalanies, Qalandranis, Rodains and Zagar Mengales, Ahmed Zais are basically decendents of Qambranies these tribs are sons of Miro Mirwani. The other tribes who speak Brahui mengles with Brahuis and formed a confederacy. The Brahui language spoken in sarawan, jhalawan Chagai, Noshki and Kachi, some parts of Sindh and Afghanistan.
Al- Burz, a Mountain Range in Iran and its Relation with Brahuis
Authors: Razzaq Waheed
Published: December 2021

Two things inspired me to write something about, AI-Burz, the name of a mountain range in Iran first long ago when I had been listening and reading about AI Burz and its relation with Brahui, and secondly, the name proposed for the newly research journal of Brahui department, University of Balochistan by Dr Hameed Shahwani the former chairman Brahui Department and present Dean of the Faculty of languages and Literature. To participate in the ceremonies of the second death anniversary of Allama Ayatullah Khomeini and to participate in the international Conference on Palestine in Tehran, Iran I along with eminent scholars Prof. Abdullah jan Jamaldini, Prof. Muhammad Khan Raisani, (The then Vice Chancellor of the University of Balochistan) Prof. Nadir Qambrani, Agha Mir Naseer Khan Ahmedzai visited Iran in May, 1991, I witnessed this famous “Alburz” mountain first time, from windows of my room in hotel Estighlal, Tehran. Like Chiltan in Quetta we all enjoyed the scene and discussed it time and again, Returning back to Pakistan I again saw the highest peak of Al-Burz, namely “Koh-i-Damawand” from my window seat in the plane and aksed my senior accompanies Prof. Jamaldini and Nadir Qambrani to see it. Meanwhile, Prof. Jamaldini during the flight up to Karachi fascinatingly recounted the history of “Koh Damawand” and its relations with famous Iranian ancient characters. Here it is a precise introduction of the mountain for the readers of the journal namely “Al-Burz”.
The Origin of Harboi in the Light of History.
Authors: Baloch Ghulam Farooq
Published: December 2021

Few years ago I was thing that Harboi is a specific place in the eastern mountains of Kalat, but after some time it came in my knowledge that the eastern range of mountains which is layout from north to south, called Harboi range of Brahuic range. The word Harboi is an ancient word and it comes in history as it is. According to many people and intellectuals, this is a Persian word, which meaning is every kind good smell, but this meaning never satisfied me, I saw and search the ancient literature about Balochistan, particularly Greek literature of ancient historians, and I successfully achieved my aim. The following article covers the above topic.
Balochistan: People and Culture
Authors: Siddiqui Gheyas-uddin , Siddiqui Zubair Ahmed
Published: December 2021

After 9/11 the rapid geopolitical changes took place in the world scenario. Being an alliance of super power Afghanistan and Pakistan particularly the province of Balochsitan has been affected deficiently. The people are very much enthusiastic to know about the people and culture of Balochistan. Balochistan’s history dates back with Mehrgarh civilization, which is 10,000 years old. So far, socially and culturally it is very rich. Various ethnic groups, languages, dress, food, living style etc. have developed a colorful cultural in the area. Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan spreads over 347,190 sq Km, and the population is around seventy five million, which is about 5% of the country. It has thus the unique characteristics having the largest area and least density Province of Pakistan. It is bordered with three provinces of the country, Iran and Afghanistan on the North West. Balochistan has an interesting topography of widespread high mountainous ranges, vast plain land and the largest coastal belt of the country, The climate is temperate along the coast. The in land deserts and arid zones are hot, while the mountains region is cold. In this research paper the traditional norms values and culture those are under practice with in their tribal laws are discussed, to give a clear picture about Balochistan, its people and culture.
Livestock Nature, Status, Breeding and feeding system in Balochistan.
Authors: Shafiq Muhammad , Quddus Abdul , Zaman Monica Qamar
Published: December 2021

Balochistan is a largest province of Pakistan in terms of area and its scattered population mainly depends on livestock. It is the major share in the agriculture economy of Balochistan. Indigenous ecological situation also favors the livestock (majority sheep and goat) to flourish in the province. There are few rainfalls, which has made the cultivation very hard as compare to other provinces of Pakistan. Most of area of Balochistan comprises rangelands. Which are solidly rocky. There are some parts of Balochistan, where there are natural postures for the herders. These peculiar natures of land characteristics differentiate it from all Pakistan. Additionally, climate is most suitable for small ruminant to grow here at the hilly parts of the country. Hence, this paper is an attempt to highlight the nature, status, breeding and feeding system of Balochistan.
Final Phase of Mir Bezanjo’s political struggle (Federalism v/s Regionalism)
Authors: Bakht Nadir
Published: December 2021

The replacement of Bhutto Government by Zia’s Martial law brought many changes in the administrative and political system of Pakistan. Mir Bezanjo was released on bail from Hyderabad Conspiracy case, he applied on 6th December 1977. There was another breakthrough in the Hyderabad conspiracy case when on 1st January 1978 General Zia-ul-Haq, the chief Martial Law Administrator dis abandoned the Hyderabad. Tribunal and ordered to release all the accused. He also declared an amnesty for those who had left their homes during the disturbances in Balochistan. These developments were warmly appreciated in Balochistan Bezanjo and his old colleagues Khair Bakhsh Marri was also released on 4th January, 1978 from Hyderabad Jail. He stayed for quit a sometime in Quetta Balochistan and then on 11th November 1978 left for England. Sardar Atta Ullah Mengal also flew to England in the middle of 1979. Thus the Political scene of Balochistan was a bit changed, at least Stagnation, if not peace, Could be seen in the politics of Balochistan.
Impact of Social Change on Rural Women in Balochistan.
Authors: Changezi Abdul Rahim
Published: December 2021

Social change is inevitable process of modification of social structures and their functioning in a society. The pace and gravity of change varies among societies due to socio-economic conditions and prevailing social set up. Vulnerability of women is a common feature of our society. She is powerless, faced with baised treatment and is prone to right violation as a result of practicing outdated value system. This unwanted social set up and deteriorating women situation has been assessed by world conscience at many levels. Civil society organizations are actively involved in making efforts to bring about positive changes into current deteriorating situation of rural women in the region including Balochsitan, however, a lot more is required to be done to improve women status and giving them adequate space as level playing filed towards equity and equality to meet the challenges of today’s globalized competitive world.
براہوئی متل و وساہت آ سماجی او نفسیاتی پس منظر
Authors: Shahwani Hameed
Published: December 2021

This research paper describes social psychology of nomadic life it shows the differentiation between inexperienced and a qualified individual although the Brahui proverbs idioms riddle and quotations are recited by unqualified persons but they have a particular lesson in it finally this paper describes the life history of Baloch inhabitant’s ups and downs of their existence۔
مکتبہ درخانی نا تحریک و اواری نا کلہو
Authors: Khatak Khalid Mehmood , Nazir Muhammad Iqbal
Published: December 2021

Maktaba Durkhani Dhadar Balochistan started  publishing work on different topics after its stability this work had been done in Brahui Baloch sindhi, Urdu,  Persion and Arabic This work was the best example of mutual eternity At the same time in this academy the translations of these works were presented and the main  topic of this presentation is the reform of individual and society which creates the atmosphere of mutual eternity by the readers thus this academy proved that the message of literature has removed the differences and enhance the unity and respect for each other۔
مرک و ماتم نا دود آک
Authors: Abbas Amina
Published: December 2021

The history of subcontinent shows that the Brahui known as nomadic Besides Balochistan they also live in Panjab, Sindh, Khaeber, Pakhtoon khawa Brahui is the major tribe of Baloch the Brahui speakers live in Jahlavan and Saravan this research paper reflects the customs and old tradition of Baloch.
براہوئی خلقی قصہ غاتیٹی غیبات (مافوق الفطرت) کڑدار آتا جاچ
Authors: Sadiq Abdul Haleem
Published: December 2021

This research paper describes the importance of Brahui folk literature especially folk tales. In the past folk tales were used to entertain the nomadic. These folk tales have interest in it for everyone. The characters show the norms. values and equal opportunities regarding their society Usually Prince prince’s thieves. woman. were the main characters of tails, beside these personalities there were unusual characters too, which always play the negative roles in tales this research paper shows the unusual role its existence there tricks Sometimes these characters were cooperative for the hero and Somewhere they became harsh or play the role of villain.
Mir Ahmed Khan 1st (1666-1695) the founder of Ahmedzai Dynasty and Royal Family his Role, Achievements and Contribution for the establishment of Kalat State (Balochistan)
Authors: Baloch Farooq
Published: December 2021

The Baloch government formed in Soorab under the Mirwani’s a sub-tribe of Kambrani Tribe. The Baloch tribes are living in a huge are, but during the 14th and 15th centuries they were mostly dispersed and non-unified. The big powers of the surrounding areas of Balochistan like Iran, Central Asia, Sindh and India were more established and had formed government. Balochistan and its habitants were divided among these powers, and this situation was continued from the centuries, and the Baloch tribes were perfect strangers on their own homeland, Mirwani started their rule from the city of Soorab in the beginning of 15th century, after sometimes they defeated the Mongol governor and captured the area and city of Kalat, then they sifted their capital from Soorab to Kalat. Mirwani faced many difficulties for the establishment of their government in the area. They faced Jatts (Jattgal) and fought with them many times and escaped them from the area of Jhalawan, they also defeated Rind Lashar Baloch invaders. They defeated Mangols. Jatts and Rind and Lashars and secured their Dynasty, in the year of 1666 A.D after the death of Mir Hasan Mirwani, the Chiefs of Kambrani tribe3s gave the Chair of Khanate to a very young and brave man, named was Mir Ahmed. The objectives behind this Study are to search the achievements and contributions of a great Baloch ruler (Khan) Mir Ahmed Khan, who ruled 29 years on Balochistan and done unforgettable achievements and services. This study is descriptive in nature and the secondary sources were consulted for the purpose.
Women and Society in Balochistan
Authors: Naudhani Tahira
Published: December 2021

Our whole society is a multi-colored, which is strongly structured on the basis of gender specifications for both male and females. Our society has a rich heritage of socio-cultural diversity. Their inhabitants are admixture of different races. Balochistan society is basically tribal in nature and there are different ethnic group with their own patterns of socio-cultural system and code of conducts. There is a clear cut structural difference between rural and urban parts of the society. Balochsitani women have some special and significant characteristics as a member of a tribal society with some special features which increase the worth and dignity of a women and makes safer their position in a social system. Despite all these facts and realities, the Balochistani women is facing enormous hardships of life like poverty, illiteracy & ignorance and poor health conditions. Woman faces lack of social services and many other social problems and hurdles in their lives, but still she is fighting against all hardships with courage and consistency to combat the misfortunes to make their harsh destiny comfortable and prestigious.
براہوئی خلقی شاعری ٹی سہدارتاشیئراک۔
Authors: Naz Ghulam Hyder , Shahwani Shabeer Ahmed
Published: December 2021

This research article has two main objectives, firstly it shows the economically importance of livestock, in Balochistan. It was the only medium of regional economy in past of nomadic life of our forefather. This was used as export and import from one place to another. The word "Bahgea" reflects the richest family or personality in the earliest society. Livestock was the unique way to promote market. Secondly the core objective of this article is to recall that portion of Brahui folk lore, where the animal, mammal was main subject of Brahui khalki poetry. This research article would be source of fundamental information about livestock especially about Goats. The "Shohan" or poets make classification between their Goats through preserving their colures in Brahui folk lore. This article has adopted descriptive and comparative approach.
براہوئی ادب میں ترجمہ نگاری
Authors: Rodeni Yousaf Ali
Published: December 2021

This article shares the basic and primary information about the translated literature in Brahui language. It reveals that before Brahui fiction the translation has played its vital role to strengthen the Brahui literature. Basic religious knowledge has been translated in to Brahui language. Translation has been promoted in large scale in period of Maktaba. This article informs that the subject of translation has observed in old and modern Brahui literature. In modern literature the requirements of translation are different than the old one. Now the fiction and short stories of world's well-known writers are being translated in Brahui. Which increased the importance of translation in literature and translation is being taught as a separate subject in Brahui. Descriptive study has been adopted for this article finally it ends with the justified and fruitful recommendations that translator must aware from source and targeted languages, their formations, language structure and grammar.
براہوئی جدید شاعری میں جدید رجحانات
Authors: Sani Liaquat Ali
Published: December 2021

This research article describes the modern inclination in Brahui modern poetry. Brahui poetry has verity in this consideration. This article informs that the Brahui modern poetry commenced from 1960 and every decade of modern poetry has different subjects and tendencies. The main and core objectives of article are to define the nationalism, romanticism, pragmatism and feminism their issues and solution. It further shows that Brahui poets and writers have project the social issues and harms of the society. Writers discuss the national integration while they think poetry is the effective tool to convey their massages. This article has analytical approach to determine the Brahui poetry. This article releases the related subjects like classical poet Reki desired for a prosperous future. Same theory has been adopted by the modern Brahui poets. This research article gives information that how to classify the several tendencies in Brahui poetry. It further proves that the society has accepted the ideas of modern poets
براہوئی خلکی شاعری ٹی موسم نا شیئراک
Authors: Naz Ghulam Hyder , Lehri Inayatullah , Salah Uddin  , Ajiz Shah Muhammad
Published: December 2021

This article dials with Brahui folk lore. This portion of Brahui literature is richest then others. The natural and internal feelings have been focused in Brahui folk lore which is translated "Khalki Shairi" English. Brahui folk lores have verity and multi-dimensional thoughts regarding topics, rhymes, style and wordings. One of topic or part of Brahui Khalki poetry is called seasonal poetry. This type of poetry shows the values, aim of nomadic life and awareness of climate. This article end with discussion that rain fall, snow fall, cloudy, foggy, winter, summer, stream summer, and cold period the Brahui seasonal poetry replicate the inner opinion of life which is passing in between in this verity of weather..
براہوئی بولی ٹی اصطلاع سازی نا خواست
Authors: Mengal Aorangzeb , Nargis Jabeen  , Zaher Waheed , Iqbal Saleem
Published: December 2021

This research article takes the out comes with terminological deficiencies of Brahui language. It determines that the Global influence the languages especially Brahui is affected. This article resulted with etymological discussion that several languages adopt the same term in their languages with slight sound changes. Like in Arabic language the sound "P" is not available when ever English word with sound "P" comes it changes with "B" the word Super and Computer will be pronounced, sobar and Kambotar. The Brahui language has many sound changing letters in its sounds too. This article argued somewhere new terms may create difficulty for language.
براہوئی املا، نوشت نا وئیل آک
Authors: Farooq Ummar
Published: December 2021

This research article shows the orthographical and lettering problems in Brahui writing. There is no any own script for Brahui despite of 700 years’ literary history this language. It furthers discuss the alphabetical issues, the vowels, consonants and diphthongs. This article rejects the Dr.Brahui reference about brahui script that the "Mahara sa raja ta raja sa" it is baseless discussion that Brahui writing style has found in Kajola Kad fezas period. Brahui has been written in Arabic, Latin, Sindhi and Persian script from 1292 to up to date. These borrowing scripts created complexity in Brahui writing manner.
براہوئی ٹی دروشینکاری اسہ پوسکنو لسانی وئیل اسے نا گھڑتی
Authors: Bano Noureen , Sani Liaquat Ali
Published: December 2021

This research articles reflects basic knowledge about terminology. The word "Droshenk" in Brahui translated as terminology.  The core theme of this article is to argument, which in modern era Brahui language strictly needs to produce terminology. As one side human being becoming busy in its life on other hand new inventions are taking and changing the world's languages. Simply languages are being affected by new creations. This article has clear argument that Brahui language for its promotion and preservation has to establish such institution which helps to create new literary terminology. Expressions can be inadequate to one or more languages like multilingual terminology and bilingual terminology or may have an interdisciplinary focal point on the use of terms in different fields.
براہوئی ادب ٹی مشی آ دارو تا جاچ او کدکاٹ
Authors: Sani Liaquat Ali
Published: December 2021

This article describes the indigenous knowledge of folk medicine which is known as Mashi a daaro in Brahui folk literature. The folk remedies of Brahui have used as indigenous treatment. The exploitation of indigenous drug resources had increased the importance of the nomadic life of Brahui. The study of indigenous knowledge in Brahui folk lore shows the literary importance about folk medicine and other useful plants. Custom knowledge is generally accepted on / conveyed from herbalist (Hakims) and "Poopoo" (Traditional herbalists). At present time transmission of such knowledge from herbalists to folks had been enormously decreased. As we learn from the history of traditional herbalist or poopoo do not tell the specific prescription to the local people. So far credit goes to Brahui folk singers especially Murad Parkoi he saved the history of several herbs in his melodious voice.It further concludes that research should be carried out in the field of phyto-chemistry, pharmacology and biotechnology of these resources in order to save Brahui indigenous remedies
براہوئی چاچا تا فکری جاچ
Authors: Mehbob Shah
Published: December 2021

This article shows the importance of Brahui Riddles "Chacha" intellectually meaning of "Chacha" the proper usage of Brahui riddles, it further describes that "Chacha" is not playing tool but it increases the mantel capacity and I.Q. it polishes the personality and increases awareness about the fruits, valuable areas, of a country. The Brahui "Chacha" or riddles strengthen their audience and player in depressed situations that how to handle in such movement. Finally, this indigenous knowledge of Brahui has positive approach for society.
براہوئی زبان ٹی اصطلاح سازی
Authors: Murad Afzal
Published: December 2021

This scholarly article reflects the terminological deficiency of Brahui language. Due to such linguistics institution and learned scholar Brahui language has been shifting and taking barrowed from English, Urdu, Sindhi, Pashto and Balochi. Department of Brahui can initiate a step or institution in the supervision of Dr.Liaqat Sani to resolve terminological issues in Brahui. With the passage of time literature and Language needs promotion in its self. This article may cause to commence an idea to make consensus about to resolve Brahui lingual issues.
براہوئی خلکی شیئرباگل آتیٹی پہوالی زندنا دروشم
Authors: Lehri Inayatullah , Sarpra Hafeez ullah , Naz Ghulam Hyder , Bano Noureen
Published: December 2021

The main objective of this article displays the background of Brahui folk music which tells thousand years historical prospective of nomadic life style and the development of their musical skills. Their honesty and affections natural beauty with complete source of information. The importance, impacts, necessity and values which portrays the basics of nomadic life. These all are composed of social life, living standards, sorrows and happiness, family and groups, tent (Gidán), migration and encampment, love and affection, patriotism, mother land and abroad, herd of camels and sheep, agriculture and farming, changing of weathers, characters, beliefs and ethics, hospitality and honesty, health and illness, entertainment, hardworking, brevity and cowardice. Include all these the protection of mother tongue is displayed in nomadic living style and respect of each individual sentiment in the Brahui folk music. In this context disciplinary code of life can be clearly imagined. The Brahui folk music visualizes the complete background of nomadic life with melodies.
درخانی، عالم آتا ادبی کڑد
Authors: Hanfi Muneer Ahmed , Shahwani Shabeer Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Maktaba Durkhani (Durxání Academy) established at the village of Durxání in Dhadar (Balochistan). It Started work in Brahui, Balochi, Sindhi, Persian, Urdu and Arabic Languages. The majority publications of Maktaba   had been done in Brahui language. The first ever Brahui translation of the Holy Quran, which translated by an eminent religious scholar of the Academy, several religious literatures had translated in various languages mentioned above, this Academy brought great changes and reforms in the life of individuals and in Baloch society. The writers of the Academy opposed the Christian missionaries. This Academy has brought new ideas in the history of Brahui literature and language. It put a great influence on Brahui language. The writer of the Academy had presented many works, which are belonged to religious teachings, Brahui literature, poetry, prose and language.
نثری بدل او، اونا مسئلہ غاک
Authors: Javed Muhammad Saleem
Published: December 2021

The given article deals with definition of prose translation and also on pertinent solution of those. The translation in Brahui Language is comparatively new as a result Brahui Translators are unaware of translation techniques. Here are some prose translation problems and their solution is mentioned. Hopefully will be helpful to overcome these problems/ difficulties literary prose translation.
حیات شیخ التفسیر‘ حضرت مولانا اختر محمد مینگل نا علمی خزمت آتا جاچ
Authors: Mengal Ghulam Farooq , Lehri Nashnas
Published: December 2021

This review article reveals the literary work of Maolana Akhter Muhammad Mengal, a religious scholar of Kalat State. Who is the author of 19 books? Mr. Mengal, known as nationalistic approaches despite of he was a great religious scholar. It further acknowledges the Mengals work in Brahui after the Durkhani School of thought. Once again his work reminds religious literature in Brahui. In the last this review article deals with that he deserves to be research on his work.