bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melatonin-Index as a biomarker for predicting the distribution of presymptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers
Authors: Fernandes Pedro A , Kinker Gabriela S , Navarro Bruno V , Jardim Vinicius C , Ribeiro-Paz Edson D , Córdoba-Moreno Marlina O , Santos-Silva Débora , Muxel Sandra M , Fujita André , Moraes Carolina Borsoi , Nakaya Helder I , Buckeridge Marcos S , Markus Regina P
Published: January 2021

The pandemic dissemination of the SARS-CoV-2 led, on the one hand, to a worldwide effort to develop mechanistic-based therapeutics and vaccines, and on the other hand, the searching for determining the spreaders and the mechanisms of transmission. Melatonin, a multitask molecule, orchestrates defense responses by allowing the proper mounting, duration, and magnitude of innate immune responses. Melatonin is synthesized on demand by immune-competent cells and constitutively by resident macrophages such as alveolar macrophages. Here we investigated whether the expression of genes relevant to virus invasion and infection varies according to a genic index (MEL-Index) that estimates the capacity of the lung to synthesize melatonin. A COVID-19-Signature composed of 455 genes of 288 human lungs (GTEX, UCSD) was correlated with MEL-Index by Pearson correlation test, gene-set enrichment analysis, and networking tool that integrates the connectivity between the most expressed genes, allowing us to compare the same set of genes under different states. The three independent procedures point to a negative relationship between MEL-Index and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The entry in epithelial AT2 cells should be hampered by a positive correlation TMRPSS2  and a negative correlation with the coding gene for furin, suggesting dysfunctional processing in virus spike. Moreover, MEL-Index also negatively correlates with the genes that codify the proteins of multi-molecular receptor complex CD147, the gateway in macrophages, and other immune cells. In summary, the perspective that lung and respiratory tract melatonin could be a natural protective factor opens new epidemiological and pharmacological perspectives, as high MEL-Index scores could be predictive of asymptomatic carriers, and nasal administrated melatonin could prevent evolution of presymptomatic carriers.
An urgent proposal for the immediate use of melatonin as an adjuvant to anti- SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
Authors: Cardinali Daniel P , Brown Gregory M , Pandi-Perumal Seithikurippu R
Published: January 2021

Competition among pharmaceutical companies to develop safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is high. However, based on the prior experience with the influenza vaccine, up to 50% in lack of effectiveness would be found among healthy adults receiving effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. There is growing evidence that insufficient sleep may potentially be a pervasive and prominent factor accounting for this variability. Individuals experiencing total or partial sleep loss exhibit markedly reduced antigen-specific antibodies as compared to healthy sleepers. Besides, pre-vaccination sleep quality is also an important contributing factor. Several meta-analyses and expert consensus reports support the view that the chronobiotic/hypnotic properties of melatonin are useful in patients with primary sleep disorders to decrease sleep onset latency and to increase total sleep time. Hence, the prescription of melatonin for at least 2 weeks prior to vaccination can be a useful approach to improve sleep quality and to ensure that the vaccination is performed at a moment of optimal sleep conditions. Moreover, melatonin enhances the immune response to vaccines by increasing peripheral blood CD4+ T cells and IgG-expressing B cells. Administration of exogenous melatonin could increase the potency of the immune response and the duration of the immunity induced by the vaccine. Besides, melatonin could also prevent adverse effects of the vaccination due to its antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, the administration of melatonin from 2 weeks to at least 4 weeks after vaccination may constitute an effective means to enhance the efficacy of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.
Influencia del ciclo menstrual en nadadoras
Authors: Iturralde Guerra Leila Yajaira
Published: January 2021

La optimización del rendimiento deportivo presupone considerar varios aspectos. En el caso de la natación como en el resto de los deportes es preciso determinar ¿En qué medida incide el ciclo menstrual en el rendimiento deportivo de las nadadoras?, este tema continúa siendo un aspecto a debatir entre entrenadores, directivos y las propias deportistas.  Siguiendo esta línea el objetivo del estudio busca reflexionar sobre la incidencia del ciclo menstrual en la optimización del rendimiento deportivo de las nadadoras.  Para dar salida al problema objeto de estudio la investigación asume una metodología basada en la revisión bibliográfica de los 10 últimos años sobre las principales fuentes, bases de datos, repositorios de revistas científicas y tesis en torno al tema. El análisis de las teorías precedentes permitió sustentar dos ideas fundamentales: la primera es que, independientemente de las investigaciones realizadas las cuales han intentado demostrar que sí existe una estrecha relación entre el ciclo menstrual y el rendimiento deportivo, aún no se logra un criterio único al respecto; dando lugar a la segunda idea y es que se comparte con los estudios precedentes en los cuales se reafirma la necesidad de profundizar en el diagnóstico y características de cada deportista para poder considerar dentro del proceso de planificación del entrenamiento deportivo la adaptabilidad de las actividades y acciones a desarrollar durante su ciclo menstrual desde el principio de individualización del entrenamiento y de este modo potenciar  el óptimo rendimiento deportivo.
Propuesta de lineamientos normativos para el uso del suelo rural en el caso del cantón Palora – provincia de Morona Santiago.
Authors: Quezada Ortega Vicente Patricio , Avila Calle Marco Benigno , Castillo Ortega Yonimiler
Published: January 2021

Potenciar las ventajas de cada territorio constituye la idea central del desarrollo endógeno. Para su concreción práctica resultará imprescindible la instrumentalización de un adecuado uso y gestión del suelo, en el que se tenga en cuenta como base el marco jurídico ecuatoriano. Se analizó el caso del cantón Palora, su actividad agrícola y la siembra de pitahaya de forma específica. Cabe aclarar que este cultivo constituye la principal fuente generadora de economía local. Sin embargo, esta se ha implantado de forma espontánea y desorganizada, sin contar con un mínimo criterio técnico de regulación en el uso y gestión del suelo. El cultivo de pitahaya presenta un crecimiento imprevisto, acentuado en los últimos cinco años y continúa incrementándose. Esto se configura como una bonanza económica que constituye también un problema, puesto que pone en riesgo la frágil y rica biodiversidad al ser parte del Parque Nacional Sangay, la abundante red hídrica y la perdida cultural. Además, profundiza problemas de diversa índole, por ejemplo: cambio de uso de suelo; implantación de retiros hacia vías y linderos; exagerado fraccionamiento del suelo; apertura de nuevas vías; intensivo uso de agroquímicos; contaminación de cuerpos hídricos y del aire. Con el fin de conocer con certeza y a profundidad la realidad de la producción en el área de estudio, la investigación se desarrolló usando métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Entre estas herramientas destaca la encuesta, entrevista y grupo focal, respectivamente. La propuesta planteada para el cantón Palora formula un conjunto de lineamientos normativos. En primera instancia, se ratificó la clasificación en suelo urbano determinado con ordenanza y suelo rural. en el análisis del suelo rural se ha sub-clasificado en cuatro tipos de suelos: productivo, protección, extractivo y amortiguamiento, de éstos se definió polígonos de intervención, categorías y subcategorías con sus respectivas áreas de localización a nivel de parroquias.
Análisis del impacto de la política de atención a niños de 1 a 3 años, en el bienestar de sus familias en el caso del cantón Chunchi
Authors: Quezada Vintimilla Vicky Paola , Rosales Namicela Mónica Briggith , Castillo Ortega Yonimiler
Published: January 2021

Introducción: El desarrollo local es el proceso de transformación de la economía y de la sociedad local,  está relacionado con el bienestar, el crecimiento, el progreso y la sostenibilidad.  El desarrollo local se logra mediante un fomento productivo responsable y el fortalecimiento de la sociedad;  va de la mano con las políticas públicas que son instrumentos  mediante los cuales las autoridades públicas actúan, primero reconociendo problemas socialmente construidos en el seno de una comunidad, y luego, mediante la incorporación, programación y ejecución de acciones dirigidas a su solución. Los Centros de Desarrollo Infantil en el marco de la protección integral, son inclusivos e interculturales y aportan a sus usuarios los servicios de: atención receptiva, salud y nutrición, espacio de juego y aprendizaje, entornos protectores para una libre expresión de emociones. Metodología: Esta investigación es de tipo mixta de corte trasversal y descriptiva, se aplicó el método teórico y empírico (encuesta y entrevista). Resultados: se pudo determinar que los centros de desarrollo infantil están cumpliendo con su acometido ya que albergan a niños en estado de vulneración y pobreza, se genera desarrollo local porque las familias pueden laborar y generar ingresos para sus hogares, incidiendo esto en la reducción de la violencia de género. Conclusión: el  100% de los usuarios siente bienestar al enviar a sus hijos a estos centros Infantiles.
Pengembangan Petunjuk Praktikum Biologi SMA melalui Metode Daring untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa
Authors: Royani Ida , Imran Ali
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop online methodology for high school biology practicum instructions and their effectiveness on students' science process skills. The subjects in this study were students of class X IPA SMA Al-Hamzar Tembeng Putik, Wanasaba District, East Lombok Regency. The type of research used is development research that produces products in the form of high school biology practicum instructions with online methods. The development procedure carried out in this study is in accordance with the steps based on the Borg & Gall model, with the following stages: 1) research and data collection; 2) planning; 3) development of the initial product draft; 4) initial field trials; 5) revised trial results; 6) field test of the main product; 7) product revision; 8) wide-scale field trials / feasibility tests; 9) final product revision; and 10) dissemination and implementation. This research is only up to the 7th stage. The research instrument used was the observation sheet and the validation sheet. The results showed that the high school biology practicum guide developed using the online method, based on the results of the validation that has been done, the score is 2.96 which is included in the valid category. As for the students' science process skills, the score was 70.5 in the skilled category, 81.5 in the highly skilled category, and 92 in the very skilled category.
Pengembangan Digital Flipbook untuk Menfasilitasi Kebutuhan Belajar Multiple Representation pada Materi Sel Volta
Authors: Candra Eka Setiawan Nur , Dasna I Wayan , Muchson Muhammad
Published: January 2021

The voltaic cell teaching materials used in high school are still in the form of textbooks that do not present multiple representations of chemistry, namely the macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic levels. The three levels of chemical representation can be visualized using flipbook teaching materials so that students are expected to understand the voltaic cell material. Teaching materials are used to support the learning process. Current learning still uses conventional learning models that only focus on teachers. Constructivist-based active learning is needed because it involves students so that learning is more meaningful. One of the constructivist learning models is the guided inquiry learning model which includes observing, asking questions, compiling hypotheses, gathering information, testing hypotheses, and concluding. The purpose.of this development.is to.produce a proper guided inquiry-based flipbook teaching material. The flipbook teaching.materials were developed.using the Four-D model (define, .design, .develop,and.disseminate) but the disseminated stage was not carried out. Media and material validation was carried out by five chemistry lecturers. The legibility test was carried out by 50 high school alumni with a specialization in Science. The assessment uses a Likert scale accompanied by comments, suggestions from the validator, and audience. The data obtained from the analysis questionnaire to determine the feasibility level of the product using the percentage technique. The validation of the flipbook teaching materials development product in terms of material obtained an average score of 85.4%, validation in terms of media.obtained.an.average percentage of 85.5%, while the readability test results obtained.an.average.percentage of 87%. Based on the results.of material validation, media, and legibility tests, it can be concluded that the flipbook teaching materials guided inquiry-based voltaic cells are very suitable as a learning resource.
The Use of English Pop Song to Enhance Students’ Listening Ability
Authors: Ariani Sri , Iswandi Khairi
Published: January 2021

This research aims to find out the use of English Pop Song to enhance students’ listening ability in the first grade of SMAN 10 Mataram in 2020/2021. The research method of this research used Classroom Action Research. The data in this research was taken based on the listening test. The subject of this research was first-grade students IPS 1 of SMAN 10 Mataram, which consisted of 25 students. This research was conducted in one cycle. The instruments of this research were taken by test and observation sheet. The main score of students listening ability of pre-test was 45 with a percentage (12%) and the main score of post-test was 76 with a percentage (84%). The researchers concluded that the score of the students’ listening was higher than the Minimum Complete Criteria Success (KKM). So it meant that the use of English Pop Song was significant to enhance students’ listening ability.
UTILIZING COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE GAMES TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY
Authors: Maryam Siti
Published: January 2021

This study is aimed at finding the utilizing of communicative language games in improving students' speaking ability at second grade students of SMPN 4 Praya Barat Daya. This study was an action research which comprised two cycles. It involved an English teacher and 24 students of second grade at SMPN 4 Praya Barat Daya. The steps of this study were reconnaissance, planning the actions, implementing and observing the actions, and reflecting the actions done. The data of this study were qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative data were obtained by observing the teaching and learning process during the implementation of the actions and interviewing the students and the English teacher. The data were collected using field notes and interview transcription. The quantitative data were taken by assessing the students speaking ability using pre-test and post-test in the form of students' scores. The research finding shows that the use of the communicative language games is effective to improve students' speaking ability. The games are accompanied with other actions such as using classroom English, applying varied themes, using adequate media, doing language form activities, giving feedback, giving rewards, doing group works and rearranging the students seating arrangement. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of communicative language games is able to improve students' speaking skills at second grade students of SMPN 4 Praya Barat Daya.
PERCEPTION AND OPTIMISM ABOUT TWO-SEMESTER OFF-CAMPUS INTERNSHIP PROGRAM OF THE KAMPUS MERDEKA-MERDEKA BELAJAR (FREEDOM CAMPUS-FREEDOM TO LEARN) POLICY AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Putera Lalu Jaswadi , Sugianto Riris
Published: January 2021

The Education and Culture Ministry of Indonesia has just launched a newly-reformed national education system called the “Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka” (Freedom Campus-Freedom to Learn)” policy. One of the four hallmarks of the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka policy is the three-semester off-campus internship program for university students. Despite the supports, there is still debate as to whether the program will be effective and pro-students when implemented. Apart from the policy’s pros and cons, the program needs to be objectively understood not only from the government’s and academics’ perspectives but also from the students’ whose voice is time and again marginalized when new policy is being planned, drafted, and implemented. Besides, there are still limited studies that deal with this issue. Therefore, further studies need to be conducted. This study investigates the students’ perception and optimism toward the off-campus internship program of the Kampus Merdeka-Merdeka Belajar policy. The probing questions about perceptions were related to whether the program wassatisfactory, overwhelming, inflicting, or simply industry-oriented instead of student-orientedaccording to the students. The probing questions about optimism were related to whether the students were optimistic that the program would bring improvementto their knowledge, skills, and pre-working experiences. Data was collected from 229 2nd and 4th semester students across departments in Mataram University by conducting online questionnaire. Results show that the students had a positive perception about the off-campus internship program (49%) and they were very optimistic that this program would be effective when implemented (71%).
RESPON MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA TERHADAP GAGASAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN KEPARIWISATAAN
Authors: Junaeda Siti Rahma , Daniar Sonia Ely , Putri Nirmayani , Khery Yusran
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana respon mahasiswa pendidikan Matematika terhadap gagasan pembelajaran mobile berbasis kearifan lokal dan kepariwisataan di UNDIKMA Mataram. Subjek ini menggunakan 40 orang mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika UNDIKMA Mataram TA.2019/2020 yang diambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Data respon mahasiswa tentang gagasan pembelajaran mobile berbasis kearifan lokal dan kepariwisataan dikumpulkan menggunakan angket. Instrumen pengukuran yang digunakan yakni instrument angket pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal dan kepariwisataan, angket pemanfaatan teknologi mobile, dan angket respon mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran mobile berbasis kearifan lokal dan kepariwisataan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa gagasan pembelajaran mobile berbasis kearifan lokal dan kepariwisataan pada Prodi Matematika sangat diperlukan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil penelitian pada tiap-tiap angket. Total rata-rata hasil dari observasi pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal dan kepariwisataan sebesar 37.4 yang terbilang rendah, dan pada data hasil respon mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran mobile berbasis kearifan lokal dan kepariwisataan pada mata kuliah- mata kuliah MIPA sebesar 64.30 yang terbilang tinggi, dan pada data hasil pemanfaatan teknologi mobile dalam pembelajaran sebesar 64.25 yang terbilang tinggi.
PENERAPAN PROBLEM DRIVEN ITERATIVE ADAPTATION (PDIA) UNTUK MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SDN 2 PUNGKIT
Authors: Maulidyawati Desi , Irham Muhammad
Published: January 2021

INOVASI merupakan lembaga kemitraan Indonesia - Australia yang fokus pada literasi dan numerasi. Salah satu program intervensi yang dijalankan di Kabupaten Sumbawa adalah implementasi pendekatan PDIA di SDN 2 Pungkit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana proses penerapan pendekatan Problem Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA) di kelas 1 SDN 2 Pungkit dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika siswa. PDIA merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang digunakan oleh INOVASI dalam mencari tahu bagaimana meningkatkan kualitas proses dan hasil pembelajaran dalam numerasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang dirancang untuk mencari solusi lokal dalam mengatasi masalah-masalah lokal dan khusus dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus tentang bagaimana penerapan PDIA dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari satu orang guru kelas 1 SDN 2 Pungkit. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan kajian literatur. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dalam empat tahapan yaitu, koleksi data, reduksi data, menyajikan data dan verifikasi atau kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendekatan PDIA dilaksanakan dalam lima tahapan yaitu, 1) eksplorasi, 2) sintesis, 3) perancangan, 4) coba gagasan, 5) kaji ulang. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan PDIA mampu membuat siswa lebih aktif melalui pemanfaatan media konkrit dan metode diskusi. Hasil lainnya juga menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar semua siswa tuntas terhadap KKM.
Çocuğun Kişisel İlişki Kurma Hakkı
Authors: TÜRKMEN Ahmet
Published: January 2021

Günümüzde boşanmaların artması, evlilik dışı çocukların dünyaya gelmesi ve diğer psiko-sosyal veya ekonomik sebeplerle ana babaları tarafından fiilen terkedilen çocukların sayısı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Kişisel ilişki kurmayı ana babanın hakkı, çocuğu ise hakkın konusu olarak gören geleneksel anlayışın terk edilmesiyle, bugün çocuk kişisel ilişki kurma hakkının öznesi haline gelmiştir.

Bu çalışmada çocuğun kişisel ilişki kurma hakkı başta Anayasamız olmak üzere (AY m. 41/III) pozitif hukuktaki diğer yasal dayanaklarıyla birlikte ve çocuğun üstün yararı ilkesi çerçevesinde incelenmektedir. Bu bağlamda özellikle, kişisel ilişki yükümlüsünün kişisel ilişki kurmayı reddetmesinin çocuğun üstün yararıyla ilişkisi üzerinde yoğunlukla durulmuştur.
İrade Beyanlarının Yorumlanması Bakımından Muvazaa
Authors: DEMİRSATAN Barış
Published: January 2021

Muvazaalı irade beyanında, gerçek irade ve beyan arasında kasıtlı bir farklılık bulunmaktadır. Muvazaanın hukuki işlem üzerindeki etkisini tespit edebilmek için öncelikle irade beyanının yorumlanması gerekir. İşlem varlık kazandıktan sonra geçerlilik açısından değerlendirilebilir. Bu bağlamda irade ve beyan arasında kasıtlı farklılık bulunan bütün durumlar ortaktır. Güven kuramının uygulandığı hallerde irade beyanının muhatabı, beyan sahibinin gerçek iradesini bildiği veya bilebilecek durumda olduğunda; beyan, irade doğrultusunda hüküm ifade eder. İrade kuramının uygulandığı yöneltilmesi gerekmeyen irade beyanlarında da, beyan irade doğrultusunda hüküm doğurur. Muvazaada, muhatap gerçek iradeyi bildiği için muhatap olduğu irade beyanı sonuç doğurmaz. Hukuken yoktur. Bu itibarla muvazaalı işlemin hukuken sonuç doğurmamasının nedeni muhatabın gerçek iradeyi bilmesidir. Bu konuda beyan sahibi ve muhatabın anlaşmış olmalarına gerek yoktur. Beyan kuramının kısmen veya bütünüyle uygulandığı olasılıklarda ise, beyan ve gerçek irade arasındaki farklılık iddiaları dinlenilmez. Beyan, içeriğine göre hüküm doğurur.
Telif Hukuku ve Haksız Rekabet Hukuku Çerçevesinde Eser Adlarının Korunması
Authors: YILDIZ Ozan Ali
Published: January 2021

Fikir ve sanat eserleri genellikle bir ad altında umuma arz edilirler. Eserin adını belirleme yetkisi eser sahibine aittir. Eser sahibinin izni olmadıkça eser adında kısaltmalar, eklemeler veya bakaca değişiklikler yapılamaz.

Eser adları, eser sahibinin hususiyetini taşıması halinde, eserin bütününden bağımsız olarak; bir edebi eser gibi korunabilir. Eser sahibi, bu nitelikteki eser adlarını bağımsız bir hak konusu haline getirebilir ve bunlar üzerindeki hakların ihlali halinde FSEK m. 66 vd. düzenlenen talepleri ileri sürebilir.

Eser adları, haksız rekabet hükümleri kapsamında da korunmaktadır. FSEK m. 83’e göre, bir eser adının karıştırılmaya neden olabilecek şekilde bir başka eserde kullanılması haksız rekabet teşkil eder. Ancak bir eser adının bu kapsamda korunabilmesi için ayırt edici nitelikte olması ve umumen kullanılan adlardan olmaması gerekir.
Türk Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin İçtihadı Işığında Sınır Dışı Kararlarına Karşı Yargısal İtirazın Hukuki Etkisi
Authors: OVACİK Gamze
Published: January 2021

Yabancılarla ilgili gerçekleştirilen sınır dışı işlemlerinin, hukuka aykırı oldukları iddiasıyla sıklıkla Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel başvurulara konu olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu konudaki yerel hukuki çerçeveyi kuran 6458 sayılı Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Kanununun yabancıların sınır dışı edilmesine ilişkin hükümlerinde, Olağanüstü Hal Kapsamında Bazı Düzenlemeler Yapılması Hakkında 676 sayılı sayılı Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ile bir takım değişiklikler yapılmıştır. Bunlardan bir tanesi de, terörizm ve kamu düzeni, kamu güvenliği ve kamu sağlığıyla bağlantılı sebeplerle verilen sınır dışı etme kararlarına yargısal itirazın, bu kararların uygulanmasını durdurmayacağı yönündeki değişikliktir. Bu değişiklikle beraber, Anayasa Mahkemesinin sınır dışı işlemleriyle ilgili başvurularda tedbir taleplerine ilişkin içtihadında önemli değişiklikler olmuş, sonunda da Haziran 2018’de bu başvurularla ilgili pilot karar usulü başlatılmasına karar verilmiştir. Pilot karar usulü, yapısal bir sorundan kaynaklanan başvuruların tek tek incelenmesi yerine, uygulamaya ışık tutmak üzere ilkelerin ortaya konduğu tek bir kararın verilmesi; sorunun düzelmemesi halinde ise başvuruların toplu olarak karara bağlanmasını mümkün kılan bir yargılama usulüdür. Anayasa Mahkemesi tarafından bu usulün ilk kez uygulanması ve aynı konuda yapılan bine yakın bireysel başvurunun neredeyse tamamında tedbir talebinin kabul edilmiş olması, konunun önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Mayıs 2019’da pilot kararın, etkili başvuru hakkının ihlal edildiğine hükmetmesi üzerine sınır dışına itirazın otomatik askıya alıcı etkisi, yapılan değişiklikle tekrar mevzuat kapsamına alınmıştır. Bu makale önemli mevzuat ve içtihat değişikliklerinin yaşandığı bu hukuki süreci ve Türk göç ve iltica sistemine olan kritik etkilerini analiz etmektedir.
Hapis Cezasının Koşullu Salıverilme Uygulanarak İnfazı
Authors: ÇAKIR Kerim
Published: January 2021

Toplum düzenini sağlamak için suç teşkil eden davranışlar cezalandırılır. İşlenen suç karşılığında genel ve özel önleme amacı taşıyan hapis cezaları günümüz infaz hukuku sisteminde önemli bir role sahiptir. Ancak hürriyeti bağlayıcı nitelikteki hapis cezasının infaz kurumunda çektirilmesi, mahkumun yeniden topluma kazandırılmasını zorlaştırmakta, insanın tekamülü ve kişiliği üzerinde olumsuz izler bırakmaktadır.
Cezasının belirli bir kısmını infaz kurumunda çeken hükümlü, topluma uyum sağlayacağı izlenimini veriyor ve ceza süresinden daha kısa sürede uslandığını davranışlarıyla ortaya koyuyorsa, cezasının geri kalan kısmı için koşullu salıverilme hükümlerinden faydalanır.
Bu bağlamda çalışmamızın konusunu, koşullu salıverilmenin amacı, hukuki niteliği, uygulanma şartları ve denetimli serbestlik uygulaması ile cezanın infazı oluşturmaktadır.
Análise de trilha dos atributos físicos de milho (Zea mays L.) em sistema de cultivo convencional
Authors: Pinheiro Luana da Silva , Silva Rodrigo Cruz , Vieira Regiane da Conceição , Aguiar Rodrigo Oliveira , Nascimento Maiane Rodrigues do , Vieira Mateus Monteles , Sousa Raul Fortes , Oliveira Job Teixeira de , Silva José Nilton da , Silva Vicente Filho Alves , Silva Priscilla Andrade
Published: January 2021

O cultivo da cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) tem uma extrema importância econômica e social, pois ele é cultivado em praticamente todas as partes do planeta. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar os atributos físicos da espiga, que melhor descrevem a massa da espiga do milho. O experimento teve sua condução realizada nas comodidades da área experimental do centro tecnológico da Agricultura Familiar (CETAF), localizado no município de Parauapebas- PA, pertencente a mesorregião Sudeste do Pára. Análise de trilha foi realizada usando o software GENES, responsável por detalhar a relação entre uma variável e outra. De forma direta, que os atributos massa total da espiga e massa de grãos da espiga, foram os atributos que melhor representam a massa da espiga. De forma indireta, observamos que a massa total da espiga, influencia significativamente a massa dos grãos da espiga.
Análise do impacto da adequação nos processos operacionais de tecnologia da informação às exigências da lei Sarbanes-Oxley em empresa do ramo financeiro
Authors: Arrivabene Adriano , Sassi Renato José , Andrelo Pamela Ferreira Alves , Moura Maria Luiza Almeida de Oliveira
Published: January 2021

Na década de noventa algumas empresas norte-americanas de capital aberto, fraudaram seus resultados financeiros, gerando imagem de estabilidade irreal. Essa situação abalou o grau de confiança dos investidores, criando a Lei Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX), que obrigou as empresas a adequarem seus processos, inclusive os de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) às regras dessa lei. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o impacto causado aos processos operacionais de TI com sua adequação às exigências da Lei SOX em empresa do ramo financeiro. Este objetivo foi buscado pela análise sobre as informações obtidas, comparando as situações de vários processos operacionais de TI nos períodos Pré e Pós SOX. Adotou-se a metodologia de pesquisa descritiva e a exploratória. Junto ao levantamento bibliográfico, dados reais relatados por profissionais que participaram das atividades abordadas no trabalho foram coletados por meio da aplicação de entrevista não estruturada. O levantamento bibliográfico mostrou, que apesar de importante são poucas as obras que apresentam o impacto e a adequação da Lei SOX aos seus processos operacionais de TI. Boa parte delas estão relacionadas à gestão de processos, o que revela a importância deste trabalho. Os resultados mostraram a necessidade de se implantar os processos de controle SOX, como a criação de uma tabela de controle para monitorar os processamentos, mostraram também que ocorreram aumentos nos tempos dos processamentos das rotinas batch e processamentos das aplicações online em virtude do aumento de informações geradas e armazenadas. Concluiu-se que ocorreu impacto nos processos operacionais com suas adequações às exigências da SOX.
Associações entre prática de atividade física e qualidade do sono no contexto pandêmico de distanciamento social
Authors: Cavalcante Marcos Venício , Siqueira Rômmulo Celly Lima , Costa Raynara Correia , Lima Thamirys Freitas , Costa Tiago Maia , Costa Cicero Luciano Alves
Published: January 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar possíveis associações entre prática de atividade física e qualidade do sono durante o período de distanciamento social da pandemia de COVID-19. Participaram 458 adultos com idades entre 18 e 59 anos. O nível de atividade física foi investigado por meio do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e a qualidade do sono pelo Mini Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ). Os resultados demonstraram que 79,3% dos participantes com algum nível de dificuldade do sono. A prática de atividade física demonstrou associação com a qualidade do sono (OR = 1,922, IC = 1,121-3,295). A ANOVA oneway apontou diferença significativa na qualidade do sono entre os diferentes níveis de atividade física. O nível muito ativo apresentou melhor qualidade do sono em comparação a ativos, insuficientemente ativos e sedentários (p<0,05). Observou-se correlação negativa e significativa (r = -0,187, p = 0,001) entre o tempo gasto em atividades físicas vigorosas e o somatório do questionário de qualidade do sono. Não foram encontradas relações significativas entre qualidade do sono e atividade física moderada e/ou caminhada. Conclui-se que durante o período pandêmico, a prática de atividade física de característica vigorosa pode contribuir para uma melhor qualidade do sono. Recorrendo a uma das hipóteses que procuram explicar a relação entre exercício físico e sono, infere-se que este achado pode ser explicado pela sensação de fadiga decorrente do maior dispêndio energético proporcionado por estas atividades.
THE EFFECT OF STUDENT EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON LEARNING RESULTS MATHEMATICS STUDENTS CLASS IV SD NEGERI 173418 POLLUNG ACADEMIC YEAR 2019/2020
Authors: Nadeak Srinarika , Sinaga Reflina , Mahulae Saut
Published: January 2021

The results of this research indicate that the emotional intelligence of students has an average of 87.9 with enough categories and learning outcomes have 71.375 with less categories this is supported by the results of t test hypothesis testing where the value of t_count> t_table is 1.703> 1.677 then Ha is accepted if there is influence Significant emotional intelligence of students between emotional intelligence of students towards mathematics learning outcomes of grade IV SD 173418 Pollung Academic Year 2019/2020.Keywords: The Effect, Emotional Intelligence, Learning Outcomes
Pain in NMOSD and MOGAD: A Systematic Literature Review of Pathophysiology, Symptoms, and Current Treatment Strategies
Authors: Asseyer Susanna , Cooper Graham , Paul Friedemann
Published: January 2021

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are autoimmune inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Pain is highly prevalent and debilitating in NMOSD and MOGAD with a severe impact on quality of life, and there is a critical need for further studies to successfully treat and manage pain in these rare disorders. In NMOSD, pain has a prevalence of over 80%, and pain syndromes include neuropathic, nociceptive, and mixed pain, which can emerge in acute relapse or become chronic during the disease course. The impact of pain in MOGAD has only recently received increased attention, with an estimated prevalence of over 70%. These patients typically experience not only severe headache, retrobulbar pain, and/or pain on eye movement in optic neuritis but also neuropathic and nociceptive pain. Given the high relevance of pain in MOGAD and NMOSD, this article provides a systematic review of the current literature pertaining to pain in both disorders, focusing on the etiology of their respective pain syndromes and their pathophysiological background. Acknowledging the challenge and complexity of diagnosing pain, we also provide a mechanism-based classification of NMOSD- and MOGAD-related pain syndromes and summarize current treatment strategies.
Gender Role Characteristics and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy: A Comparative Study of Female and Male Entrepreneurs in China
Authors: Li Chengyan , Bilimoria Diana , Wang Yelin , Guo Xiaowei
Published: January 2021

This study, based on Bem’s (1974) gender schema theory, investigates gender differences in and the relationship between gender role characteristics and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) of 261 female and 265 male entrepreneurs in China. The results show that male and female entrepreneurs did not differ significantly in ESE or in masculine gender role characteristics, but differed significantly in feminine gender role characteristics. Examining four different stages in the entrepreneurial life cycle, we find that for female entrepreneurs, feminine characteristics had a positive influence on ESE in the searching and planning stages of entrepreneurship, and masculine characteristics had a positive influence on ESE in the searching stage. For male entrepreneurs, feminine characteristics had a positive influence on ESE in the searching and planning stages, and masculine characteristics had a positive influence on ESE in the marshaling and implementing stages. In addition, one feminine characteristic, “Friendly,” showed a positive association with male entrepreneurs’ ESE in the marshaling stage. Overall, the feminine gender role factor of “Friendly” and the masculine gender role factor of “Compete” played a greater role on ESE than other characteristics. Implications of the findings are discussed. This study contributes a new perspective to extant research on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and female entrepreneurship.
Tuning of Multivariable Model Predictive Control for Industrial Tasks
Authors: Nebeluk Robert , Ławryńczuk Maciej
Published: January 2021

This work is concerned with the tuning of the parameters of Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithms when used for industrial tasks, i.e., compensation of disturbances that affect the process (process uncontrolled inputs and measurement noises). The discussed simulation optimisation tuning procedure is quite computationally simple since the consecutive parameters are optimised separately, and it requires only a very limited number of simulations. It makes it possible to perform a multicriteria control assessment as a few control quality measures may be taken into account. The effectiveness of the tuning method is demonstrated for a multivariable distillation column. Two cases are considered: a perfect model case and a more practical case in which the model is characterised by some error. It is shown that the discussed tuning approach makes it possible to obtain very good control quality, much better than in the most common case in which all tuning parameters are constant.
Experimental Investigation of Plow-Chopping Unit
Authors: Bulgakov Volodymyr , Aboltins Aivars , Beloev Hristo , Nadykto Volodymyr , Kyurchev Volodymyr , Adamchuk Valerii , Kaminskiy Viktor
Published: January 2021

The article presents research results of a machine-tractor unit that performs two technological operations simultaneously: (i) chopping plant residues (sunflower stubble); (ii) covering the chopped stubble with the soil. The first operation is carried out with a front-mounted plant residues chopper, and the second one is carried out with a rear-mounted plough. The chopper’s working devices are rotated by the tractor’s front power take-off (PTO), which has two operating modes: 540 and 1000 rpm. It was determined that to reduce the dynamic load in the drive of the chopper’s plant residues working devices, to chop these residues qualitatively, and then to cover them with the soil, the tractor’s front PTO should be adjusted to a speed of 1000 rpm. With this mode of the chopper’s working device’s rotation, the difference in its vertical vibrations’ dispersion and the tractor front axle’s oscillations is insignificant. The variance of the plowing depth vibrations (1.44 cm2), changing aperiodically in the frequency range of 0–2.5 Hz, is not accidentally less than the variance of irregularities vibrations of the longitudinal field profile (2.75 cm2). The plough draft resistant oscillations of the plow-chopping unit had the least impaction at the plowing depth oscillations. The proof of this is the small value of the cross correlation function; for such oscillating processes as ‘plough draft resistance—plowing depth’, it was equal to 0.22, which is 3.4 times less than for oscillating processes ‘surface’s longitudinal profile—plowing depth’. The number of chopped particles less than 15 cm in length increased by 1.5 times, and the number of particles longer than 30 cm decreased by 3 times. With the complete incorporation of plant residues into the soil, their non-chopped part did not exceed 1%.
The Effect of Petroleum-Derived Substances and Their Bioremediation on Soil Enzymatic Activity and Soil Invertebrates
Authors: Gospodarek Janina , Rusin Milena , Barczyk Gabriela , Nadgórska-Socha Aleksandra
Published: January 2021

Petroleum-derived substances (PDSs) as main pollutants of the natural environment can negatively affect the microbiological, biochemical, and biological properties of agricultural soils and, consequently, plant production. The present study aimed to determine the after-effect of PDSs such as petrol, used engine oil, and diesel fuel on the activity of selected soil enzymes (phosphatase, dehydrogenase, and urease) and on the occurrence of soil invertebrates. Moreover, changes in the analyzed parameters in response to bioremediation of the polluted soil by using ZB-01 preparation were investigated. The field experiments were performed four- and five-years post contamination. The results showed that even after five years, PDSs significantly modified the activity of soil enzymes; however, this effect was often varied, depending on the pollutant, enzyme, and time after soil contamination. Dehydrogenase seems to be a good indicator of soil contamination with PDSs, particularly diesel fuel. Engine oil and diesel fuel limited still the occurrence of soil invertebrates, particularly Collembola from the families Hypogastruidae, Isotomidae, and Entomobryidae, even after four and five years of contamination. This finding suggests the usefulness of these organisms in assessing soil pollution and in monitoring the progress of bioremediation. The effect of ZB-01 biopreparation on the activity of selected enzymes was varied. Its effect on the occurrence of soil invertebrates was usually beneficial, which was evident in diesel fuel-contaminated soil.
Two Strategies for the Dosage of Acenocoumarol Co-Administered with Rifampicin in Staphylococcal Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Wełnicki Marcin , Buksińska-Lisik Małgorzata , Mamcarz Artur
Published: January 2021

According to current European Society of Cardiology guidelines, for staphylococcal prosthetic valve endocarditis, rifampicin should be one of the drugs used. However, there is a concomitant need for vitamin K antagonists in patients with mechanical prostheses. It is widely known that rifampicin interacts with vitamin K antagonists (VKA), and this interaction makes it difficult to maintain the INR (international normalized ratio) value in the therapeutic range. We present two clinical cases of staphylococcal prosthetic valve endocarditis patients. Two different strategies for dealing with adverse drug interactions have been applied. In the first case, the dose of warfarin was up-titrated until the optimal INR value was obtained. In the second case, due to the history of labile INR values, a decision was made to modify the dosage of warfarin, taking into account pharmacological aspects of drug interactions.
Role of Melatonin on Virus-Induced Neuropathogenesis—A Concomitant Therapeutic Strategy to Understand SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Wongchitrat Prapimpun , Shukla Mayuri , Sharma Ramaswamy , Govitrapong Piyarat , Reiter Russel J.
Published: January 2021

Viral infections may cause neurological disorders by directly inducing oxidative stress and interrupting immune system function, both of which contribute to neuronal death. Several reports have described the neurological manifestations in Covid-19 patients where, in severe cases of the infection, brain inflammation and encephalitis are common. Recently, extensive research-based studies have revealed and acknowledged the clinical and preventive roles of melatonin in some viral diseases. Melatonin has been shown to have antiviral properties against several viral infections which are accompanied by neurological symptoms. The beneficial properties of melatonin relate to its properties as a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory molecule and its neuroprotective effects. In this review, what is known about the therapeutic role of melatonin in virus-induced neuropathogenesis is summarized and discussed.
Cigarette Smoke Extract Activates Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in a Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Manner in Stroma Cells from Human Endometrium
Authors: Kida Naoko , Matsuo Yoshiyuki , Hashimoto Yoshiko , Nishi Kenichiro , Tsuzuki-Nakao Tomoko , Bono Hidemasa , Maruyama Tetsuo , Hirota Kiichi , Okada Hidetaka
Published: January 2021

Cigarette smoking (CS) is a major contributing factor in the development of a large number of fatal and debilitating disorders, including degenerative diseases and cancers. Smoking and passive smoking also affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effects of smoking on the human endometrium remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism underlying CS-induced hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α activation using primary human endometrial stromal cells and an immortalized cell line (KC02-44D). We found that the CS extract (CSE) increased reactive oxygen species levels and stimulated HIF-1α protein stabilization in endometrial stromal cells, and that CS-induced HIF-1α-dependent gene expression under non-hypoxic conditions in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, we revealed the upregulated expression of a hypoxia-induced gene set following the CSE treatment, even under normoxic conditions. These results indicated that HIF-1α might play an important role in CS-exposure-induced cellular stress, inflammation, and endometrial remodeling.
A Full Digital Workflow to Design and Mill a Splint for a Patient with Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Authors: Nota Alessandro , Ryakhovsky Alexander N. , Bosco Floriana , Tecco Simona
Published: January 2021

In the rehabilitation of a patient with loss of vertical dimension, repositioning of the condyle may be crucial to avoid loading on the retrodiscal area of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). However, establishing a new position of the condyle within the glenoid cavity is not a simple procedure, and several indications exist in the literature. Digital techniques and 3D visualization using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) can help. In this clinical case, the procedure for the repositioning of the condyle is described on the basis of the restoration of the normal widths of the intra-articular spaces using a recently introduced software (Avantis3D). After the end of the rehabilitation with the splint, a second examination confirmed the accuracy of the repositioning with this full digital procedure which represents, in selected cases, a useful choice.
Long-Term Exposure to Azo Dyes from Textile Wastewater Causes the Abundance of Saccharibacteria Population
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Ramasamy , Roy Choudhury Aritra , Arul Jose Polpass , Suganya Kathirvel , Senthilkumar Murugaiyan , Prabhakaran James , Gopal Nellaiappan Olaganathan , Choi Jeongyun , Kim Kiyoon , Anandham Rangasamy , Sa Tongmin
Published: January 2021

Discharge of untreated wastewater is one of the major problems in various countries. The use of azo dyes in textile industries are one of the key xenobiotic compounds which effect both soil and water ecosystems and result in drastic effect on the microbial communities. Orathupalayam dam, which is constructed over Noyyal river in Tamil Nadu, India has become a sink of wastewater from the nearby textile industries. The present study had aimed to characterize the bacterial diversity and community profiles of soil collected from the vicinity of the dam (DS) and allied agricultural field (ALS) nearby the catchment area. The soil dehydrogenase and cellulase activities were significantly lower in DS compared to ALS. Additionally, the long-term exposure to azo dye compounds resulted in higher relative abundance of Saccharibacteria (36.4%) which are important for degradation of azo dyes. On the other hand, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (25.4%) were higher in ALS. Interestingly, the abundance of Saccharibacteria (15.2%) were also prominent in ALS suggesting that the azo compounds might have deposited in the agricultural field through irrigation. Hence, this study revealed the potential bacterial phyla which can be key drivers for designing viable technologies for degradation of xenobiotic dyes.