bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PURWARUPA ALAT UKUR BERAT, PANJANG DAN SUHU BADAN BAYI BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY (STUDI KASUS: STATUS GIZI BAYI)
Authors: , Uray Ristian Rini Suminto Tanjaya , Sampe Hotlan Sitorus
Published: June 2024

Pada penelitian ini dibuat purwarupa sistem pengukuran berat, panjang dan suhu badan, untuk mengetahui status gizi dari bayi yang telah melakukan pengukuran. Status gizi didapatkan dari penerapan metode fuzzy dimana pengujiannya dibandingkan dengan perhitungan Z score menggunakan standar baku antropometri. Hasil pengukuran yang didapatkan selanjutnya diolah di website menggunakan metode fuzzy untuk mengetahui status gizi bayi yang telah melakukan pengukuran. Saat dilakukan pengujian diperoleh rata-rata dari selisih pengukuran sensor ultrasonik adalah 0,07 cm (error 0,085%), sensor load cell dengan rata-rata dari selisih pengujian 0,0351 kg (error 0,1885%), sensor MLX90614 dengan rata-rata dari selisih pengujian 0,273ºC (error 0,74%). Hasil selisih dan error ini didapatkan dengan melakukan 10 kali pengujian. Pengujian status gizi didapat dari perhitungan metode fuzzy yang dibandingkan dengan perhitungan z-score. Dari data 20 bayi didapat 96 data pengukuran, dimana terdapat 4 data yang tidak sesuai. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem yang dibuat berhasil, dengan tingkat keberhasilan 95,83%. Kata kunci: Status gizi, Antropometri, Metode Fuzzy, Website, Z score
APLIKASI PREDIKSI NILAI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR MENGGUNAKAN METODE RADIAL BASIS FUNCTION BERBASIS WEB (STUDI KASUS : SDN 19 SUNGAI RAYA)
Authors: , Uray Ristian Reni Afriani , Sampe Hotlan Sitorus
Published: June 2024

Guru harus memperhatikan perkembangan nilai tiap siswa melalui nilai semester sebelumnya agar mempunyai gambaran nilai untuk semester berikutnya. Oleh karena itu dibuat suatu penelitian yang dapat membantu guru memprediksi nilai siswa dengan menerapkan metode Radial Basis Function. Radial Basis Function merupakan salah satu bentuk jaringan syaraf yang terdiri dari 3 lapisan yaitu lapisan masukan, tersembunyi dan keluaran. Dalam pembangunan sistem dengan Radial Basis Function terdapat 2 tahap yaitu pelatihan dan pengujian. Terdapat beberapa parameter yang digunakan pada proses pelatihan yaitu iterasi, minimum error, dan laju pembelajaran. Dari hasil pelatihan didapatkan parameter terbaik pada iterasi 100 dan 200 dengan laju pembelajaran 0,1. Pengujian dilakukan pada parameter tersebut dan didapat nilai MAPE yang berbeda-beda. MAPE merupakan pengukuran error antara data aktual dengan data peramalan atau prediksi. Semakin kecil nilai MAPE maka nilai ketepatan prediksi semakin tinggi. Pada mata pelajaran PAI didapat MAPE 3.1575%, mata pelajaran PKN didapat MAPE 5.1489%, mata pelajaran BI didapat MAPE 3.8189%, mata pelajaran Matematika didapat MAPE  2.8203%, mata pelajaran IPA didapat MAPE 2.5509 %, dan mata pelajaran IPS didapat MAPE 2.9132 %.Kata Kunci : Radial Basis Function, Iterasi, Minimum error, Prediksi Nilai, MAPE
KLASIFIKASI KEMATANGAN PEPAYA MENGGUNAKAN RUANG WARNA HSV DAN METODE NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Authors: Ellif Ellif , Sitorus Sampe Hotlan , Hidayati Rahmi
Published: June 2024

Buah pepaya merupakan buah yang sangat banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia, mulai dari anak-anak sampai dewasa. Tetapi permasalahan yang sering terjadi saat pemilihan buah pepaya adalah dalam tingkat kematangannya untuk memilih buah pepaya yang matang, tidak semua orang bisa membedakannya.Warna buah adalah salah satu faktor yang berperan dalam identifikasi kematangan. Oleh karena itu ekstraksi ciri warna dari buah pepaya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengetahui tingkat kematangan buah pepaya itu sendiri. Penelitian ini membangun sistem klasifikasi kematangan buah pepaya menggunakan ruang warna HSV dan metode naïve bayes. Pengklasifikasi citra menggunakan ruang warna HSV dan metode Naïve Baye dengan cara mencari probabilitas dengan gambar yang diuji berdasarkan tingkat kemiripannya dengan citra latih yang tersedia. Dari 50 buah pepaya 30 data latih dan 20 data uji didapatkan hasil tingkat keberhasilan sistem dalam mengenali citra buah pepaya berdasarkan tingkat kematangan maka didapat hasil yang sesuai.
SISTEM PENENTUAN JENIS IKAN AIR TAWAR YANG BERPOTENSI MENGUNTUNGKAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP-TOPSIS
Authors: Suhendra Irfan , Ilhamsyah Ilhamsyah , Sari Renny Puspita
Published: June 2024

Potensi budidaya perikanan air tawar dasawarsa ini mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan jika dibandingkan dengan sektor perikanan tangkap yang cenderung mengalami penurunan. Indonesia sendiri merupakan negara produsen produk budidaya perikanan terbesar ke-2 didunia. Hal ini sejalan dengan potensi lahan budidaya yang masih sangat besar untuk dikembangkan. Perpaduan antara potensi-potensi yang ada dengan teknologi informasi tentu dapat menunjang peningkatan produksi budidaya perikanan di Indonesia semakin menjanjikan. Ketersediaan teknologi informasi tentunya dapat menjawab permasalahan yang sering dihadapi dalam proses penentuan jenis ikan yang akan dibudidayakan. Pembudidaya cenderung melakukan budidaya ikan yang menurut mereka mudah untuk dilakukan tanpa melakukan perhitungan terkait kondisi lingkungan, karakteristik ikan, dan harga jual ikan. Penelitian ini mengusulkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan dengan mengimplementasikan metode AHP-TOPSIS untuk dapat memberikan referensi kepada pembudidaya dalam melakukan pemilihan jenis ikan yang akan dibudidayakan. Metode AHP digunakan dalam proses pembobotan kriteria, sedangkan metode TOPSIS digunakan dalam proses perangkingan alternatif ikan budidaya. Kriteria yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Harga Bibit (Rp), Banyak Bibit (ekor), Lama Masa Pembesaran (bulan), Harga Jual Per Kg (Rp), dan Luas Kolam (m2). Berdasarkan simulasi perhitungan manual yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil perangkingan ikan dengan nilai akhir masing-masing ikan adalah 0,913 untuk ikan Bawal, 0,839 untuk ikan Nila, 0,257 untuk ikan Lele, 0,087 untuk Patin, dan 0 untuk ikan Mas. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang telah dilakukan pengujian fungsionalitas dengan hasil setiap fungsi berjalan seperti yang diharapkan dan pengujian antarmuka sistem memperoleh nilai 82,9%.
Avoiding Reward Hacking in Multi-Objective Molecular Design: A Data-Driven Generative Strategy with a Reliable Design Framework
Authors: Yoshizawa Tatsuya , Ishida Shoichi , Sato Tomohiro , Ohta Masateru , Honma Teruki , Terayama Kei
Published: June 2024

Molecular design using data-driven generative models has emerged as a promising technology, impacting various fields such as drug discovery and the development of functional materials. However, this approach is often susceptible to optimization failure due to reward hacking, where prediction models fail to accurately predict properties for designed molecules that considerably deviate from the training data. While methods for estimating prediction reliability, such as the applicability domain (AD), have been proposed for mitigating reward hacking, multi-objective optimization makes it challenging. The difficulty arises from the need to determine in advance whether the multiple ADs with some reliability levels overlap in chemical space, and to appropriately adjust the reliability levels for each property prediction. Herein, we propose a reliable design framework to perform multi-objective optimization using generative models while preventing reward hacking. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, we designed candidates for anticancer drugs as a typical example of multi-objective optimization. We successfully designed molecules with high predicted values and reliabilities, including an approved drug. In addition, the reliability levels can be automatically adjusted according to the property prioritization specified by the user without any detailed settings. Our approach presents a solution to the essential problem of designing molecules using data-driven generative models.
Simultaneous Overcoming Approach for Poor Wettability and Low Stability in Stomach by Simple Methods; Formulation Design and Development of Monoacylglycerol Acyltransferase 2 Inhibitor, S-309309
Authors: Shimokawa Shojiro , Gomi Masato , Nakagawa Yuta , Inoue Atsushi , Funaki Takeshi
Published: June 2024

N-[(4R)-5,7-difluoro-2'-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4'-oxo-2,2',3,4',5',7'-hexahydrospiro[1-benzopyran-4,6'-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin]-3'-yl]-2-(methanesulfonyl)acetamide (S-309309) is an anti-obesity drug developed by Shionogi & Co., Ltd. that has a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 inhibitory effect. S-309309 has poor wettability, and the amount of the degradation product (4R)-3'-amino-5,7-difluoro-2'-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)-2,2',3,7'-tetrahydrospiro[[1]benzopyran-4,6'-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin]-4'(5'H)-one (compound 8) increases over time under acidic conditions. In this study, we have tried to improve S-309309 wettability and suppress the amount of degradation product increased under acidic conditions. As a result of the study, we found that by mixing with a water-soluble polymer, the wettability of S-309309 and its dissolved concentration in fluid were increased, suggesting that its dissolution behavior should be enhanced. In addition, by encapsulating S-309309, the increase of degradation product amount was suppressed under acidic conditions, suggesting that the suppression of degradation product formation would be expected in the stomach after oral dosing. Overall, these results suggest that the drug property issues of S-309309 can be overcome by mixing S-309309 with a water-soluble polymer and encapsulation.
Continuous and reversible transformation of the polymorphs of an MGAT2 inhibitor (S-309309) from the anhydrate to the hydrate in response to relative humidity
Authors: Ueda Hiroshi , Sugita Katsuji , Miyano Tetsuya
Published: June 2024

Quality control is a strict requirement of pharmaceutical manufacture. The stability of a drug can be enhanced by crystallization owing to the relatively low energy of a crystal lattice. Herein, we investigated the hydrate and anhydrate polymorphs of a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 inhibitor (S-309309) to elucidate their relationship with each other. Polymorphic screening by solvent evaporation and slurry conversion revealed two polymorphs: Form I (the hydrate) and Form II (the solvate). Form II transformed to Form I during thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis. X-ray powder diffraction demonstrated that Form I transformed to the anhydrate via an intermediate state when heated. These crystal forms were confirmed under controlled humidity conditions; the presence of the anhydrate, the intermediate hydrate, or the hydrate depended on the relative humidity at 25°C. The stoichiometry of S-309309 to water in the hydrate form was 4:1. The hydrate and anhydrate had similar crystal structures. The water of hydration in the intermediate hydrate was 0.1–0.15 mol according to the dynamic vapor sorption profile. We discovered a mechanism of reversible crystal transformation between the anhydrate and pseudo-polymorphs of the hydrate at ambient humidity. We conclude that S-309309 should be treated carefully because the experimental conditions affect its crystal form.
Digital library services and its applications in the information age in India
Authors: T.R. Kavitha , K Nedumaran
Published: June 2024

The new technologies have helped the early visualization of digital libraries become a reality. Digital libraries are becoming a vital part of the digital learning age. Their vital role is increasingly becoming a measure of the library’s part in the revolution and development of society and the nation at large. A digital library that deals with data that is born digital as well as those that have been digitized from their analog form. The aim of this paper is to discuss the services and implications of digital libraries in the information age. It represents basic concepts, the historical environment, components, characteristics, processes, advantages, and disadvantages of processes in the digital environment.
Effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding self care management on side effects of chemotherapy among cancer patients
Authors: L Jayanthy , R Padmavathi
Published: June 2024

The research study was conducted in a selected government hospital in Chennai with 30 chemotherapy patients chosen by purposive sampling. A structured self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) assessed pre-test and post-test knowledge on self-care management of chemotherapy side effects. Patient education was delivered through a self-instructional module. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that in the pre-test, 28 patients (93.33%) had inadequate knowledge and 2 (6.67%) had moderately adequate knowledge. Post-intervention, 24 patients (80%) had adequate knowledge and 6 (20%) had moderately adequate knowledge. The pre-test mean score was 8.50±3.06, while the post-test mean score was 20.07±2.89. The mean difference score was 11.57, with a mean difference percentage of 46.3%. The paired "t" test value was t=14.125, statistically significant at p
Digital Literacy Model through Critical Reading of Hoax News Texts with SQ3R Technique
Authors: Arifah Zahira Nur , Oshmany Muhammad Iqbal , Rahmawati Dinda Putri , Priatna Danar Dwi , Satria Rakha , Kusmayati Nurita Bayu
Published: June 2024

The reading literacy level of students is still low, while the level of internet use is high. The higher the use of the internet, the more open the opportunity for students to be consumed by hoax news. Therefore, this research aims to develop a digital literacy model through critical reading of hoax news texts with the SQ3R technique. The research method used is RD with ADDIE model stages. The population of this study is an A-accredited junior high school in East Jakarta. Phase D students at SMPN 20 Jakarta, SMPN 74 Jakarta, and SMP Diponegoro 1 Jakarta are samples of this research. The instruments used are questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis techniques use Likert scale and rating scale. Based on the analysis of validation data, the average validation percentage score of 89% which is categorized as very feasible to use, but there needs to be improvement according to validators. In addition, data analysis at the evaluation stage resulted in an average score of the percentage of responses from students to the learning model included in the good criteria with a percentage of 82%, while teachers rated the learning model included in the very good/very feasible criteria with a percentage of 91%.AbstrakTingkat literasi membaca peserta didik masih rendah, sedangkan tingkat penggunaan internet tinggi. Semakin tinggi penggunaan internet, semakin membuka peluang peserta didik termakan berita hoaks. Oleh karena itu, riset ini bertujuan mengembangkan sebuah model literasi digital melalui membaca kritis pada teks berita hoaks dengan teknik SQ3R. Metode riset yang digunakan ialah RD dengan tahapan model ADDIE. Populasi riset ini ialah SMP berakreditasi A di Jakarta Timur. Peserta didik fase D di SMPN 20 Jakarta, SMPN 74 Jakarta, dan SMP Diponegoro 1 Jakarta merupakan sampel riset ini. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu angket dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan skala Likert dan rating scale. Berdasarkan analisis data validasi, rata-rata skor persentase validasi sebesar 89% yang masuk kategori sangat layak digunakan, tetapi perlu ada perbaikan menurut validator. Selain itu, analisis data pada tahap evaluation menghasilkan rata-rata skor persentase respons dari peserta didik terhadap model pembelajaran masuk dalam kriteria baik dengan persentase 82%, sedangkan guru menilai model pembelajaran masuk dalam kriteria sangat baik/sangat layak dengan persentase 91%.
A Study of Linguistic Landscape in Culinary Business
Authors: Qulub Muhammad Farihul , Rusmawati Roosi
Published: June 2024

Linguistic landscape becomes a symbol of the presence of language in public spaces, depicting the representation of written language seen in public areas such as roads, tourist attractions, buildings, and food business complexes. The choice of language and function is necessary in response to the linguistic landscape of an area with a strong culinary business reputation for young people. This article aims to explain the choice and function of language as the primary source of reasons for language use in the linguistic landscape of the food business (LL). Data collection techniques used are (1) Observation, (2) in-depth observations, and (3) drawing conclusions against the examination of previous articles published in publications related to investigations in this particular study. Data dominated by bottom-up signage, such as shop names, advertisements, and signs of street food stalls, were collected from signboards in areas where many young people gather to shop, stroll, look, and eat. The results of this study show that bilingual Indonesian-English dominate language contestation in the area. In addition, slang is also found in commercial areas. This research reveals a variety of languages in the culinary business that is dominated by young people. It reports that English is most widely used in signs compared to Indonesian, Javanese, or the mother tongue of the local people. AbstrakLanskap linguistik menjadi simbol kehadiran bahasa di ruang publik yang menggambarkan representasi bahasa tertulis yang terlihat di area umum, seperti jalan, tempat wisata, bangunan, dan kompleks bisnis makanan. Pilihan dan fungsi bahasa diperlukan sebagai tanggapan terhadap lanskap linguistik suatu daerah dengan reputasi bisnis kuliner yang kuat. Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan pilihan dan fungsi bahasa sebagai sumber utama penggunaan bahasa dalam lanskap linguistik bisnis makanan (LL). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah (1) observasi, (2) pengamatan mendalam, dan (3) penarikan kesimpulan terhadap pemeriksaan artikel sebelumnya yang diterbitkan dalam publikasi yang berkaitan dengan investigasi dalam studi khusus ini. Data yang didominasi oleh papan nama bottom-up, seperti nama toko, iklan, dan tanda warung makan jalanan, dikumpulkan dari papan nama di daerah-daerah tempat banyak anak muda berkumpul untuk berbelanja, berjalan-jalan, melihat-lihat, dan makan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bilingual bahasa Indonesia-Inggris mendominasi kontestasi bahasa di daerah tersebut. Selain itu, bahasa gaul juga ditemukan di area komersial. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan ragam bahasa dalam bisnis kuliner yang didominasi oleh anak muda. Bahasa Inggris paling banyak digunakan dibandingkan dengan bahasa Indonesia, Jawa, atau bahasa ibu masyarakat setempat.
redes sociais e a retomada dos eventos culturais em Itaguaí e seus efeitos no desenvolvimento local
Authors: Barroso Lopes Gabriela
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho parte de uma inquietação que começa na percepção de pertencimento ao local a partir da cultura do munícipio de Itaguaí, localizado na Baixada Fluminense do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O presente trabalho abordará o como as redes sociais tiveram influência na retomada de eventos culturais no município, visto que as redes sociais têm se mostrado ferramentas poderosas para a divulgação, publicação e retomada de cultura e arte em diversas cidades do mundo.
Das transformações da concepção de memória em Freud
Authors: Matos Ribeiro Júnior Laelson , Gomes da Silva Edvania
Published: June 2024

Neste artigo, objetivamos, discutir algumas das transformações concernentes à concepção de memória na teoria psicanalítica cunhada por Sigmund Freud. Para tanto, realizamos revisões teóricas sistemáticas e buscamos conceituar a forma como a memória é apresentada ao longo dos trabalhos do mencionado autor. Identificamos três momentos principais nos quais a concepção de memória sofre arranjos e rearranjos significativos: i) em certos trabalhos, a memória é concebida como um processo de produção; ii) em um segundo grupo de textos, surge a perspectiva de memória como um arquivo, continente da materialidade experiência; e iii) em um terceiro momento, após enfrentar tensões e passar por processos de elaboração, emerge uma concepção de memória reestruturada, em que a natureza de singularidade, construída a partir de múltiplos registros, é privilegiada.
A história dos cadarços. Um sociólogo em viagem
Authors: Elias Norbert
Published: June 2024

Originalmente editado no número 46 do periódico Die Zeit. Wochenzeitung für Politik und Wirtschaft, neste texto, Elias esboça uma pesquisa voltada à sua contínua atenção para as tensões entre habitus nacionais, mas à luz de comportamentos individuais. À maneira de outras oportunidades, o autor parte de uma problematização decorrente da participação na vida cotidiana com outras pessoas, no caso a sua estadia na vila de pescadores de Terremolinos, numa ilha espanhola. As diferentes, até divergentes percepções acerca das consequências de um cardarço de sapato desamarrado detonam a especulação do sociólogo sobre as relaçoes entre o familiar e o estranho na condição de estrangeiro de um sociólogo diante do nativo, mas também deflagra questões sobre a sua própria condição de nativo.
A literatura de Rubem Fonseca como manifestação de intervalo de indeterminação
Authors: Costa e Silva Fagner , Alves Dias José
Published: June 2024

A concepção de “zona de indeterminação”, forjada pelo filósofo Henri Bergson (2010), explora os elementos que separam a percepção e a ação no sujeito, concebe, desta forma, o ser humano como um agente situado nesse intervalo. Para Bergson (2010), a subjetividade reside nessa lacuna, espaço em que a liberdade se manifesta. O Filosofo francês conecta a consciência percebida à liberdade de ação, proporcionando uma perspectiva sobre a interação temporal na existência humana. Essa abordagem influencia a arte, especialmente a literatura, como um meio de expressão de subjetividade. A produção literária de Rubem Fonseca pode exemplifica esse conceito, tomando como exemplo o conto Feliz ano novo (1975), nessa narrativa é possível perceber uma visão singular do autor sobre a violência urbana no Brasil nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, a qual contribuiu, antecipadamente para análises sociológicas a respeito da cartografia dos conflitos sociais no Brasil nas décadas subsequentes.
Digital Currency as a Subject of Economic Criminal Offenses
Authors: Dumchikov Mykhailo , Horobets Nadiia , Honcharuk Vladyslav , Dehtiar Ruslana
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The article is devoted to an essential and relevant topic. The cryptocurrency market in Ukraine, as well as in the world, has been developing quite rapidly in recent years. At the same time, the legal status of digital currency in Ukraine has not been consolidated. As a result, digital currency is often used to commit economic crimes. To counteract this act, it is vital to "legalize" cryptocurrency as a type of money and clearly define the cases when it is the subject of a criminal offense.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The authors researched the general principles, approaches, and scientific research methods to properly develop the chosen topic used available philosophical methods and in particular legal ones.
[Findings] The ability of cryptocurrency to be an essential attribute of the development of the information society and, at the same time, the subject of economic criminal offenses.
Efficiency of e-Services in Mexico
Authors: Carrera Mora Oscar yahevh , Ovando Chico María Catalina
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to determine the benefits of e-services, both for a government agency and for citizens in terms of efficiency, derived from the digitalization of one of its processes.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] A case study is presented of a project developed and implemented in 2021 in Mexico at the federal level by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation (SCT), which consisted of the digitalization of the process of issuance and/or revalidation of the Federal Driver's License. The first two months of operation are taken as a reference to determine the effects that this digital platform has had on economic, technical, and social efficiency. Analyzing the number of requests handled, costs for both the government and the citizen compared to the printed license and its processes.
[Findings] Its theoretical basis is an analysis of efficiency based on a multidimensional notion of the concept, which is important since it analyzes improvement scenarios from the government's and citizens' points of view. The above allows this study to determine the benefits of electronic government services, both for a government agency and for citizens in terms of efficiency.
[Practical Implications] The benefits that the Federal Digital License has represented in terms of cost reduction, process improvement, and increased citizen service the Federal Digital License have been demonstrated to these two actors.
[Originality] The difference with the contributions of other studies lies in the object of study, which is the Federal Driver's License system, a case that has not been studied due to its recent implementation. This opens the door to future research, where not only quantitative data expressed in numerical terms can be analyzed, but also user satisfaction can be directly evaluated qualitatively.
Equality in Online Education during COVID-19
Authors: Duc Huu Nguyen , Van Tan Le , Thi Luyen Phan
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] This study analyzes the inequalities of ethnic minority children to adapt to online education. This is also a challenge to the whole education system in Vietnam before the 4th COVID-19 outbreak is considered to have a serious impact on the economy and society of Vietnam.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] A case study is conducted in a cross-sectional form with 50 high school students and 10 teachers of the boarding ethnic minority school in Nam Pu district, Dien Bien province of Vietnam. Questions were conducted for students, teachers, and school administrators.
[Findings] The lack of WiFi catchers such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones along with poor infrastructure are the main factors affecting the effectiveness of online learning.
[Practical Implications] Equality in education is the sustainable development goal adopted by the United Nations in 2015. Geographical differences and economic conditions are factors that directly impact the effectiveness of students' online learning in the context of COVID-19 19. The Government of Vietnam should have an effective financial policy to provide connectivity for poor students, reducing the gap in access to general education services for online classes that are ethnic minorities.
Features of an Electronic Transaction as Evidence in Court
Authors: Adanbekova Zaripa , Omarova Aiman B. , Yermukhametova Saulegul , Assanova Saida , Tynybekov Serikkali
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] This article is aimed at revealing the theoretical features of an electronic transaction as evidence in the procedural and legal field of a judicial instance.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The leading method of studying this issue is a combination of materials and methods of scientific knowledge. The main one is the dialectical method, which was used during the entire study and is considered the basic one in all components of the work, which made it possible to analyse comprehensively the theoretical developments of domestic and foreign scientists, as well as to study the judicial practice of applying the regulatory framework in the evidentiary process and the practical activities of leading lawyers in the judicial process of using electronic evidence.
[Findings] The relevance of this article is due to the increasing trend in the use of electronic transactions, as well as the use of the latter in court as evidence. So, the legal nature of electronic transactions is analysed here in detail, namely: the history of occurrence, approval by national legislation, methods and conditions of conclusion, as well as legal force in legal relations between individuals and legal entities, the methodological basis for the study of the concept of electronic transactions has been determined, and their sources of legal regulation of their existence have been identified. The article provides a list of characteristic features of electronic transactions, reveals the main methods of their conclusion, justifies the effectiveness of using electronic transactions in courts as an evidence base, identifies the main legal omissions and shortcomings of the regulatory framework.
[Practical Implications] The materials of this article provide applied value in the course of the reform and improvement of procedural legislation, as well as the development of methodological manuals for training and skill development of practising jurists and lawyers.
Digital Ruble
Authors: Khisamova Zarina , Sidorenko Elina , Inozemtsev Maxim , Von Arx Pierre
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The article deals with the prospects of introducing the digital ruble within the territory of the Russian Federation.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The methodological basis of this study is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main place is taken by the methods of historicism, consistency, analysis and comparative law. Having conducted a detailed review of global trends in this area, authors identified the main reference points that are relevant for most countries where pilot CBDC projects are being implemented.
[Findings] The analysis of the key report, issued by the Central Bank of Russia, on the prospects for introducing the digital ruble allowed us to assess the architecture of the models proposed by the Central Securities Market, their advantages, and their disadvantages.
[Practical Implications] Taking into account the assessment of statistical indicators on the Russian crime rate, the state of Russian criminal legislation, the concerns of institutional market participants, and the positions of mega regulators around the world, a criminological analysis of the potential risks of introducing the digital ruble was made.
[Originality] The results of the study will be useful to both legal scholars who deal with issues of comparative law, and for practical specialists. the article provides detailed explanations about the theoretical and applied aspects of the introduction of the digital ruble. For the first time, the authors gave a theoretical justification for the risks associated with the introduction of a digital currency.
Artificial Intelligence: Legal Status Determination
Authors: Velykanova Maryna , Korchak Nataliia , Klepikova Olga , Kibets-Pashutina Daria , Shyrokova-Murarash Olga
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] To study the feasibility of establishing the status of artificial intelligence and outlining its characteristics, as well as to identify problems associated with the introduction of the subject of legal relations “electronic person”.
[Methodology] The main method, used in this article, was analysis of the approaches to understanding the essence of artificial intelligence and concepts of legal personality of the electronic person.
[Findings] Based on the analysis of the approaches to understanding the essence of artificial intelligence and concepts of legal personality of the electronic person, the conclusion is that the legal personality of the electronic person depends on the presence of features that characterize it as a subject of law: autonomy (separation) and personalization.
[Practical Implications] The practical significance lies in the formation of proposals for improving approaches to establishing the essence of artificial intelligence and determining the legal status of the electronic person.
Intellectual Property Rights on Objects Created by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Utkina Maryna , Bondarenko Olha , Chernadchuk Tamara , Chernadchuk Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The article aims to comprehensively analyze intellectual property rights concerning objects created by artificial intelligence. In particular, to identify and explore theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of artificial intelligence; to study the process of implementation of artificial intelligence systems in the creation of intellectual property; describe the legal status of artificial intelligence; explore the main approaches to determining the authorship of objects created by artificial intelligence or with its help; to analyze the possibility of protection of objects created by artificial intelligence or with its use.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] Several general and unique methods of scientific knowledge were used to achieve the goal and ensure the scientific objectivity and validity of its results. In particular, the work was based on the method of systems analysis (to develop a strategy for the study of legal regulation of the status of artificial intelligence); logical-semantic method (to determine the definitions in work); interpretation of legal norms (to clarify the content of relevant legal norms, as well as to establish the state of their practical application) and others.
[Findings] The anthropological concept is the only possible concept that can protect the copyrights of persons involved in creating intellectual property rights and encourage them to develop further / use artificial intelligence. The author is recognized as an individual.
Self-Regulating Jury in the Field of Interactive Advertising
Authors: López Jim´énez David , Dittmar Eduardo Carlos , Vargas Portillo Jenny Patricia
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] Electronic advertising and commercial communications may sometimes violate existing regulations, resulting in unlawful advertising. To address this issue, Spain created an Advertising Jury to resolve disputes in this area.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The Spanish and European regulations will be analyzed in terms of regulation and self-regulation mechanisms. Self-regulation instruments are a suitable complement to current legal regulations.
[Findings] Self-regulation mechanisms can be triggered by Autocontrol’s Advertising Jury when an instance of advertising has violated one or more rules of the relevant code of ethics. This organisation is a recognised moral authority in the field and an extrajudicial mechanism for settling disputes concerning interactive advertising. Although it normally adjudicates cases in which the parties have already voluntarily committed to complying with its decisions, it also adjudicates cases involving third parties or non-member companies.
[Practical Implications] Self-regulatory initiatives in the field of interactive advertising exist at both the European Union (EU) and national levels. One such initiative implemented at a national level stands out as a positive example for others: Spain’s Autocontrol.
[Originality/Value] The purpose of self-regulation is to try and bridge the gap between the law’s minimum requirements and the maximum level of ethical behaviour for online advertising. This should not be achieved through coercion but through the free and voluntary dedication of those involved.
Introduction of Artificial Intelligence in the Justice System
Authors: Balynska Olha , Barabash Olha , Zabzaliuk Dmytro , Shehavtsov Ruslan , Stetsyuk Nataliya
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to determine ways to introduce artificial intelligence into the Ukrainian justice system.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The methodological basis of the study consists of theoretical and specialised legal methods: philosophical approaches, general and special methods of modern legal science, which are to interpret the law, and also general scientific styles.
[Findings] During the study, the features of the use of artificial intelligence in the justice system were established and an analysis of international experience in the use of artificial intelligence in the justice system was conducted, which allowed identifying positive and negative aspects in the practice of other countries. In addition, problems that may hinder the development of artificial intelligence in the justice system of Ukraine and positive trends in the introduction of this innovative communication technology were identified. Based on the identified disadvantages and advantages of using artificial intelligence in justice, it was determined which systems should be implemented in the Ukrainian justice system, in particular the ‘judge's companion’ system. However, it is evident that at the moment artificial intelligence cannot completely replace people.
Civil Legal Handling of Electronic Transactions
Authors: Zhumadilova Mira A. , Dussipov Yerkin Sh. , Arginbekova Gulnar I. , Aitimov Bolat Zh. , Milova Yelena V.
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The purpose of the article is to consider the issue of civil law regulation of electronic transactions in many countries.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The authors used the dialectical method of cognition of social and legal phenomena and general scientific research methods, such as analysis, synthesis, a systematic approach.
[Findings] General features of legal regulation of electronic transactions were explained. The relevance of electronic transactions is shown on the example of regulatory legal acts in this field in Kazakhstan. Advantages and disadvantages of digitalization in the field of electronic transactions were analysed. Special attention was paid to current realities of electronic transactions and electronic tendering during a pandemic. It was concluded that the advent of digital opportunities simplifies a life greatly, but since these relations are not directly regulated by the laws of several countries, great risks are created. And the adoption of new standards will reduce risks in terms of the circulation of digital rights, the purchase of financial assets and the use of new means of payment.
Content of the Right to Internet Access
Authors: Alvarez Clara-Luz , Soberanes Diez Jose Maria
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] Having internet access is essential for the full enjoyment of many human rights. Therefore, this Article aims to determine the minimum essential content of the right to the internet in order to both understand the extent to which it deserves protection and to verify compliance with the obligations it entails. We describe the evolving nature of internet and broadband access due to technological developments and social needs. We also present the different positions regarding internet access as a human right or not, as well as how this right is acknowledged in the Mexican Constitution.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The methodology was the review and analysis of norms, case law, academic and public policy documents, as well as references to relevant statistical data. The scope of the paper is framed in the discussion of fundamental and human rights.
[Findings] The right to internet access has both a negative dimension and a positive one. The negative dimension consists of a State obligation not to limit or restrict the right to internet access. The positive dimension must be determined using the economic, social, and cultural rights standard of the four As, namely, availability, accessibility, acceptability, and adaptability. Finally, we propose the minimum essential content of the right to internet access on those four characteristics.
[Practical Implications] - This Article provides arguments and bases for the minimum essential content of the right to internet access and broadband which are relevant for policymakers, judicial decisions, and civil society. Also, the academic debate is and will be open on the subject matter of this paper insofar as the evolutionary nature of technology, demands a constant review and update of the minimum essential content of the right.
[Originality/Value] There is currently no literature regarding what a right to internet access and broadband would include as obligations to States and other parties.
Concept of Cyber Insurance as a Loss Guarantee on Data Protection Hacking in Indonesia
Authors: Puluhulawa Jufryanto , Muhtar Mohamad Hidayat , Towadi Mellisa , Swarianata Vifi , Apripari
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] This research departs from the legal vacuum regarding data protection insurance in Indonesia. In terms of regulation, Law Number 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance has not regulated all about cyber insurance, and Indonesia still needs to have a law that regulates data protection.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] This research is categorized into the normative legal research type based on the issues and themes raised as a research topic. The research approach used is the conceptual approach, philosophical approach, and analytical approach. The research focuses on analyzing the concept of cyber insurance in protecting data and a study of the urgency of regulating cyber insurance in Indonesia to minimize the impact of losses due to data hacking.
[Findings] The results show that the concept of cyber insurance in personal data protection began in the 80s and increased in the early 2000s due to digitization in all areas of people's lives. This significant development was not followed by Indonesia, with a legal vacuum regulating cyber insurance in data protection. Therefore, several things that Indonesia must do, namely Revision of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance, Establishment of implementing regulations, need new normalization in overriding the Civil Code.
[Practical Implications] This study has legal implications for norming. In addition, it has implications for changes in the concept of insurance in Indonesia because, so far, cyber insurance services are still conventional.
[Originality/Value] On an Indonesian scale, this research is the first to comprehensively discuss cyber insurance for data protection.
Right to be Forgotten as a Special Digital Right
Authors: Popovych Tereziia , Blikhar Mariia , Hretsa Svitlana , Kopcha Vasyl , Shandra Bohdana
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to investigate aspects of digital law in Ukraine and other countries of the world in the context of the right to be forgotten.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] To achieve the objective, induction, deduction, and comparative analysis were used, both the proximate topics and aspects of the legal framework of different countries together with the legal information provided by online services were considered.
[Findings] The study identified the main features of the right to be forgotten in different countries, the impact of the European Union Court of Justice and European Court of Human Rights on it and the little-studied intricacies of the legal aspect of this mechanism.
[Practical Implications] This paper can be of interest both as introductory material and as a basis for further study because there is a growing human need to be able to control personal data in the face of the expanding phenomenon of globalization and digitalization.
Autonomous Robots and Their Legal Regime in the Context of Recodification of Civil Legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Khodyko Yurii
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The issues of understanding what a robot is as an object of civil legal relations and the civil law regime that must be applied to ensure effective legal regulation of relations related to the use of robotics require legal solutions. Special attention should be paid to the study of liability for damage caused by robotics to a person or their property.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] The main methods on which this work was based are the method of systematization and the method of analysis. The article summed up various basic materials related to robots as objects of civil legal relations, as well as the impact of their existence on the current development of the world.
[Findings] Considering the purpose of robotics in the modern world, it is proposed to carry out legal regulation of robotics relations using an approach of the extension of civil law regulation applied to things. This does not exclude the introduction of special rules that will apply exclusively to robots as objects.
Problems and Findings of Deputies of the "Dashing" 90s: On the 30th Anniversary of the People's Hural of the Republic of Buryatia
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Karnyshev А. D.
Published: June 2024

A special problem in the work of deputies of regional parliaments of the "dashing 90s" was the constant lack of budget funds for vital social programs, education and health care. The nonpayment of salaries for several months, primarily to teachers and doctors, was difficult to overcome; the unfair privatization of public and state property, the real events of the consequences of the war in Chechnya of 1994-1998, unbridled crime, etc. A special Khural laboratory was established in the structure of the National Academy of Sciences and operated throughout the first convocation. The surveys allowed us to better understand people's psychology, their specific daily aspirations, diagnose their mood and attitude to emerging situations. A truthful and honest diagnosis of public opinion made it possible in some cases to make decisions and legislative acts consistent with the situation. At the fourth session, the symbols of the republic – the coat of arms and the anthem – were adopted, the work on the preparation of projects of which took a long time. Deputies of the People's Khural of the Republic of Buryatia managed to hold two parliamentary hearings in Ulan-Ude together with deputies of the State Duma of the Russian Federation: on the draft law "On Lake Baikal" (1994) and "On the plan of priority measures for the implementation of the concept of State National Policy of the Russian Federation" (1996). In both hearings, they adopted The participation of "neighbors": deputies of the Legislative Assembly of the Irkutsk region, representatives of the administration of the Ust-Ordynsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug.
Trends in obesity among 4-year-old children in New Zealand—pre- and post-COVID comparison
Authors: Singh Sheetalpreet , Jelleyman Timothy
Published: June 2024

aims: We described long-term trends in obesity using preschool data from New Zealand and compared rates pre- and post-COVID by key demographic variables. methods: Growth data from the B4 School Check (B4SC) information system for the period 1 July 2012 to 30 June 2022 were used to calculate obesity rates. The date 25 March 2020 was the threshold used to compare the rates between pre- and post-COVID periods. Obesity rate ratios for these two periods were calculated for each demographic sub-group. results: The overall obesity rate increased by 1.8% after COVID-19. Males had higher obesity rates and a greater absolute increase (2%) in the post-COVID period. The greatest absolute increase in obesity was among Pacific peoples (4.3%), followed by Māori (2.2%). Children in most deprived areas and those in the Auckland Region had greater absolute increases of 3% and 2.5% respectively, post-COVID. conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown has had an immediate impact on obesity rates among 4-year-old children, especially for the Pacific population, those living in high deprivation areas and regions with longer periods of lockdown (Auckland). There are implications for public health policy and practice to support children in adopting a healthy lifestyle, especially during pandemics.