bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning on Facial Expression Detection : Artificial Neural Network Model Implementation
Authors: Kusumah Hendra , Zahran Muhammad Suzaki , Cholied Paksi Ryandana , Alkusna Muhammad Surya , Hafidhi Naufal Alwan
Published: March 2023

The moods, emotions, and even medical issues of a person can frequently be seen directly reflected in their facial expressions. The fields of social science and human-computer interaction have recently begun to pay more attention to facial emotion detection as a result of this. The primary focus of this study is on the automatic recognition of human facial expressions using an artificial neural network (ANN) model and a technique based on straightforward convolution. The dataset utilized is a self-mined dataset that was obtained by utilizing the web scraping approach on Google Image with the help of the Selenium package for Python. A dataset containing six categories of fundamental human expressions that are likely to be met on a daily basis, namely anger, confusion, contempt, crying, sadness, disgust, and happiness, with a total of 6,016 photos being used. The goal of this research is to determine how accurate the model of artificial neural networks can be in predicting.
Klasifikasi Kendaraan Berbasis Suara Di Lalu Lintas: Implementasi TinyML
Authors: Kusumah Hendra , Nabbillah Nissa , Audina Syifa
Published: March 2023

Driving is deeply embedded in Indonesian culture. All Indonesian citizens (WNI) who meet the qualifications can obtain a driver's license (SIM). As a result, the number of drivers in Indonesia is relatively significant, resulting in a high rate of traffic accidents. One of the reasons leading to the rising number of road accidents is hearing loss. This study focuses on building a tool that can classify vehicles based on the audio of the vehicle while it is running in order to assist drivers with hearing impairments. This study employs the Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense, which includes an embedded microphone, and the Edge Impulse open platform. A simple artificial neural network model with four 1-D convolution layers and one hidden layer was utilized. The dataset was obtained manually using the YouTube open platform and was captured directly on the Edge Impulse platform using the Arduino Nano's microphone. The model training procedure was repeated 80 epochs. During training and testing, the model is regarded to be accurate, with accuracy scores of 96.3% and 90.9%, respectively. With these adequate results, the model is judged eligible for implementation, despite the fact that it still requires further refinement.
Perancangan Alat Pendeteksi Suhu Tubuh dan Sanitasi Tangan Otomatis Pada SMP Negeri 1 Mekar Baru
Authors: Roihan Ahmad , Jawahir Jawahir , Alfariji Holid
Published: March 2023

Early detection of COVID-19 transmission relies heavily on taking a body temperature reading. The use of touch-based methods for measuring core body temperature increases the risk of infection at SMPN 1 Mekar Baru. Data collecting, block diagrams, analyses, prototypes, and tests are all used in this study. The GY-906 sensor and the Infrared Obstacle sensor are used in the creation of an automatic hand sanitizer and thermometer, respectively; the Node Mcu V3 processes the data. The 20x4 Lcd layer is next in line to display the data. The goal of this study is to develop an automatic body temperature detector that can send data to the officer's smartphone by way of the blynk app. Automatic controls, monitoring, and alerts eliminate the need for a human officer to be present.
Aplikasi Pemasaran Perumahan Paradise Park Residence pada PT.Farabi Global Konstruksi menggunakan Metode Incremental
Authors: Aris Aris , Kurniawathy Dian , Yulistiani Octavia
Published: March 2023

he property company PT. Farabi Global Construction is currently focusing on marketing the Paradise Park Residence housing, in addition to continuing to innovate to produce buildings, shophouses and other housing that is beneficial to the community. Problems occur when the existing housing marketing system is ineffective which causes sales to customers to continue to decline and therefore a marketing system is needed that facilitates the sale of housing units via the internet and Web-based. The method applied in this research is to apply the Incremental method in the form of a Software Development Method based on needs, with the Top-Down Decoupling standard. Besides that, UML is also used with Visual Paradigm, PHP, Discovery Testing, etc. to support research. The results of this research are Web-based Marketing Applications for Paradise Park Residence housing with the aim of increasing housing sales that can be implemented at PT. Farabi Global Construction.
Pemanfaatan Information System Jurusan TI-D3 Berbasis Web Pada Universitas Raharja
Authors: Gustina Gustina , Fahram Muhammad Khaidir , Ependy Alfarid Maulana
Published: March 2023

With the rapid development of technology, especially in information technology, it has a positive impact on our lives as humans. Therefore, information processing must also be developed so that it is not out of date. Various technologies began to be applied to all daily needs. Throughout its development, Raharja University has become a flagship campus and Raharja University's mission is to be at the forefront of the field of information technology, so accurate and actual new innovations are needed. Along with the sophistication of digitization, one of the most appropriate information media today is the website. Because the website is a medium that can be accessed by anyone, anywhere, and anytime. The problem faced by the Head of the Diploma 3 Informatics Engineering Study Program (TI-D3) is that there is no main website that can provide information about the Study Program, so a scientific work is created which is expected to be a medium for delivering useful and useful information for Raharja University, especially Diploma 3 Informatics Engineering Study Program students (TI-D3) who have a concentration in Artificial Informatics and System Architecture.

Keywords—Website, Technology, TI-D3 Department, UR

 

Dengan berkembangnya teknologi yang semakin hari semakin pesat, terutama pada teknologi informasi membawa dampak positif dalam kehidupan kita sebagai manusia. Karena itu pengolahan informasi pun harus terus dikembangkan agar tidak ketinggalan zaman. Berbagai teknologi mulai diterapkan untuk segala keperluan sehari-hari. Sepanjang perkembangannya Universitas Raharja telah menjadi kampus Unggulan dan misi Universitas Raharja untuk menjadi yang terdepan dalam bidang ilmu teknologi informasi, maka diperlukan inovasi-inovasi baru yang akurat dan aktual. Seiring dengan canggihnya digitalisasi maka salah satu media informasi yang paling tepat saat ini adalah website. Karena website merupakan media yang dapat diakses oleh siapapun, dimanapun, dan kapanpun. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Kepala Program Studi Teknik Informatika Diploma 3 (TI-D3) adalah belum adanya Website utama yang dapat memberikan informasi seputar Program Studi, maka diciptakanlah sebuah karya ilmiah yang diharapkan bisa menjadi media penyampaian informasi yang berguna dan bermanfaat bagi Universitas Raharja, khususnya mahasiswa-mahasiswa Program Studi Teknik Informatika Diploma 3 (TI-D3) yang memiliki konsentrasi Artifical Informatics dan System Architecture.

Kata Kunci—Website, Teknologi, Jurusan TI-D3, UR
Media Promosi Berbentuk Video Series Pada MNC Vision Pictures
Authors: Sanni Mohamad Ifran , Rusdiansyah Deddy , Sunarya Po Abas
Published: March 2023

In the current era of globalization, the media is a very effective means of communication in conveying a message in the form of information or a promotion. Information that is easily obtained from anywhere, be it via the internet or print media such as magazines. Schools as educational institutions also require means of information and promotion. Especially private companies such as MNC Vision Pictures. The purpose of this study is to improve the public to be more familiar with the events in Vision +. Currently, information activities carried out in activities to convey information and promotions that previously only used brochure media, which were considered still simple and incomplete in providing information about Vision + shows, movie shows, entertainment, talk shows and various activities in Vision +, so that visual communication media in the form of curls is needed that can help Vision + in informing and promoting MNC Vision Pictures. The research methods used are data collection, namely observation, interviews, literature studies, design concept methods, media design and SWOT analysis. This promotional advertising media is designed using Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2019, Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 software. The result of this study is the design of visual communication media in the form of advertisements.

Keywords—Media, Promotion, Advertisements

 

Dizaman era globalisasi saat ini media menjadi sarana komunikasi yang sangat efektif dalam menyampaikan sebuah pesan berupa informasi maunpun sebuah promosi. Informasi yang dengan mudah didapatkan dari mana saja baik itu via internet ataupun media cetak seperti majalah. Sekolah sebagai lembaga pendidikan juga memerlukan sarana informasi dan promosi. Terutama perusahaan  swasta seperti MNC Vision Pictures. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan masyarakat lebih mengenal acara-acara yang ada di Vision +. Saat ini kegiatan informasi yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan menyampaikan informasi dan promosi yang sebelumnya hanya menggunakan media brosur saja, yang dinilai masih sederhana serta kurang lengkap dalam memberikan informasi mengenai tayangan Vision +, tayangan film,hiburan,talkshow dan berbagai kegiatan yang ada di Vision +, sehingga dibutuhkan media komunikasi visual berupa ikaln yang dapat membantu Vision + dalam menginformasikan dan mempromosikan MNC Vision Pictures. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka, metode konsep desain, perancangan media dan analisis SWOT. Media iklan promosi ini dirancang menggunakan software Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2019, Adobe Photoshop CC 2019. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan media komunikasi visual yang berbentuk iklan.

Kata Kunci—Media, Promosi, Advertisement
Kombinasi Budaya Dan Kepercayaan Arab Jahiliyyah Pra-Islam
Authors: Sari Devi Puspita , Cahyadi Dede , Gunasri Muhammad Taufan
Published: March 2023

Budaya adalah gagasan dan ekspresi ide yang aestetik dalam suatu konteks komunitas, menurut Linton (1945: 32) secara spesifik, budaya merupakan konfigurasi prilaku manusia dari elemen-elemen yang ditransformasikan oleh anggota masyarakat. Ulama Syekh Yusuf Al-Makassari menuturkan bahwa "Agama adalah mengenal Allah (ma’rifatullah). Mengenal Allah merupakan berprilaku dengan akhlak (yang baik) yang menghubungkan tali silaturahim (kasih sayang). Dan silaturahim adalah memasukkan rasa bahagia di hati sesama manusia". Masa jahiliyyah selalu identik dengan amoralitas dan kebodohan serta ada begitu banyak Kepercayaan atau agama yang diyakini penduduk arab pra-Islam, seperti Ash-Shabiah, Yahudi, Nashrani (Kristen), Tauhid (monotheisme), Watsani (penyembahan berhala), penyembah malaikat dan penyembah jin. Ketika akan datang hari kelahiran agama islam, terbentuklah sebagian kelompok penduduk Arab yang berkeinginan keras untuk melepaskan bangsanya dari keyakinan atau kepercayaan yang sesat. Sedangkan budaya Arab jahiliyyah yang berkembang saat masa pra-Islam meliput bidang sosial politik, ekonomi, ilmu pengetahuan dan seni. Tulisan ini bertujuan agar para generasi penerus dapat memahami dasar-dasar dan membedakan antara Kepercayaan dan Kebudayaan Arab Jahiliyyah dengan Ajaran Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan library research.

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Kata Kunci—Kepercayaan, Kebudayaan, Arab Jahiliyyah, Islam
Aplikasi Statistik Covid-19 Berbasis Android Menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman Java
Authors: Rosdiana* Rosdiana , Arrosyid Harun , Fazri Muhammad Faizal
Published: March 2023

Data merupakan hal yang sangat penting pada era teknologi informasi saat ini. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi informasi, sebuah data dapat diolah dan disebarkan dengan cepat sehingga masyarakat dapat mengaksesnya dengan mudah. Pada penelitian ini untuk membuat sebuah layanan API (Antarmuka Pemrograman Aplikasi) statis yang menyediakan data Covid19 di Indonesia dan menggunakan data tersebut dibuat pada aplikasi android yang menyediakan informasi tentang Covid-19 di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data, analisis kebutuhan sistem dan perancangan aplikasi. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah layanan API statis yang dapat menyediakan data Covid-19 di Indonesia, data tersebut dapat digunakan untuk membuat aplikasi multiplatform (lebih dari satu platform). Pada penelitian ini digunakan data tersebut untuk membuat aplikasi Statistik Covid-19 berbasis android. Dengan dibuatnya aplikasi statistik ini dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna untuk mengetahui informasi tentang Covid-19 dimanapun dan kapanpun dengan cepat.
Multilevel Converter and Fuzzy Logic Solutions for Improving Direct Control Accuracy of DFIG-based Wind Energy System
Authors: Djoudi Oualid , Lalouni Belaid Sofia , Tamalouzt Salah
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to enhance the accuracy of direct power/torque control (DPC/DTC) applied to back-to-back converters supplying a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind power system. Two solutions are proposed. The first one is to increase the degree of freedom of the DTC and DPC control by implementing three-level back-to-back converters. Fuzzy logic control is the second solution to enhance the performances of both conventional direct power/torque control, leading in a decrease of the DFIG's torque/flux ripples and the active/reactive powers ripples supplied by the grid side converter, consequently, reduce the grid currents' total harmonic distortion (THD). The MATLAB/Simulink environment is used to evaluate the wind power generation system performances. The collected findings show that the fuzzy direct control (FDC) technique outperforms conventional direct control (CDC) when used for two-level back-to-back converters.
Features of herd formation based on betaand kappa-casein of different dairy cattle breeds
Authors: Ladyka V. , Pavlenko Yu. , Skliarenko Yu.
Published: March 2023

In dairy cattle breeding, much attention is paid to indicators of the milk quality and technological properties. These indicators are significantly influenced by milk proteins. Therefore, the goal of our research is to evaluate the effectiveness of creating dairy herds of domestic dairy cattle breeds that are characterized by the desired beta- and kappa-casein genotypes. To fulfill these tasks, the genotyping of cows of the Ukrainian Brown dairy, Sumy intrabreed type of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy, Simmental and Lebedyn breeds was carried out. The beta- and kappa-casein gene polymorphism was determined in the genetic laboratory of the Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine using real-time molecular biological analysis of allele recognition by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). As a result of the conducted studies, it is found that cattle of Lebedyn and Ukrainian Brown dairy breeds have a higher frequency of the desired kappa-casein BB genotype. As a result, they are also characterized by a higher frequency of the B allele. More than 50 % of cattle of Simmental breed have a heterozygous AB genotype. Cattle of the Sumy intrabreed type of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed have a higher frequency of the homozygous AA genotype and the A allele. Cattle of the Ukrainian Brown dairy breed are characterized by the highest frequency of the A2A2 genotype and the A2 allele of beta-casein. Cattle of the Simmental breed, which are also characterized by the highest frequency of the A1A2 heterozygous genotype, have a slightly lower frequency. Homozygous A1A1genotype is more common in cattle of the Sumy intrabreed type of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. Using the principles of the model for creating a herd with the desired genotype, which is proposed by Mencarini IR et all, it is found that when testing the entire breeding stock, inseminating it with semen of homozygous stud bulls with the A2A2 genotype, random cow disposal at the level of 22 %, it takes 9–10 years to create herds with the desired genotypes of the Ukrainian Brown dairy, Simmental and Lebedyn breeds, respectively. To reduce the period for creating herds, it is essential to increase the percentage of cow disposal and simultaneously disposecattle with undesirable genotypes.

Key words: genotype, casein, stud bull, breeding, allele.
Nettle hay meal feeding and development of replacement pig stock
Authors: Fesenko V. , Karkach P. , Mashkin Y. , Kuzmenko P.
Published: March 2023

The effect of different amount of nettle hay meal replacing concentrated feed on the development of replacement pig stock in terms of live weight and external measurements are studied. Indicators of growth patterns, nutrient consumption per 1 kg of pigs under test are cinsidered as well. Hematological indicators were researched. The main group of pigs was fed with the basic diet in the comparative and main periods of the experiment. (barley, wheat, pea and corn grits and sunflower meal). Nettle hay meal was added to the diet of the second group under test. It replaced 12.5 % of the protein of the above-mentioned diet. The third diet of pigs under test included 25 % nettle hay meal to replace the protein in concentrated feed. A mixture of micro- and macroelements was used as a mineral additive. The meal was given as dry form twice a day. Nettle hay meal was dried when nettle grass in the budding phase. Nettle hay was ground with a mill of 2 mm grid diameter. Long-term feeding with nettle hay meal in the amount between 12.5 % and 25 % of protein in the concentrated feed diet does not reduce the growth index of the pigs under test and does not increase the consumption of feed units, metabolism and protein per 1 kg of their growth compared to stock fed with concentrated feed rations. The growth indicator analysis demonstrates that the assessing stabable growth of piglets under test is higher than in the rest of groups under test. A similar tendency is observed in the growth tension index assessment. When growing the proportions of piglets’ body structure change, it depends not only on changes in their live weight. So at 8 months of age the pigs that comsumped 12.5 and 25 % nettle hay meal had the highest linear growth rates compared to the other group under test. The results of hematological studies proved the replacement of concentrated fodder protein with nettle hay meal contributed to the increase in the erythrocyte amount, hemoglobin and total protein in the blood.

Key words: pigs, young stock, nettle, hay meal, concentrated feed, average daily, absolute, relative growth, mineral elements, feed consumption, formation intensity, stress index, hematological indicators.
Cultivation of worms on a substrate containing poultry droppings fermented with addition of biodestructors
Authors: Merzlov S. , Osipenko I. , Merzlova H.
Published: March 2023

Significant accumulations of poultry droppings near large poultry enterprises are a problem both in Ukraine and abroad. An urgent issue is the search for rational methods of disposal of these wastes with the involvement of natural, ecologically safe methods such as composting with the use of microorganisms and vermiculture. The use of microorganisms during the fermentation of broiler chicken droppings with litter (in the form of sawdust of non-coniferous trees) leads to a reduction of time for preparation of organic biomass for vermiculture. However, it is of scientific and practical interest to establish the effectiveness of growing worms on a substrate containing broiler chicken droppings fermented with various doses of microorganism preparations compared to the option where the droppings were fermented in the traditional way during 18 months. During the research, 4 groups were formed with 4 micro-beds in each. The weight of the compost and the volume of the micro-beds were identical. In the control version, the compost contained 92.0 % (by weight) of broiler chicken manure fermented during 18 months and 8.0 % of shredded wheat straw. In the experimental micro-beds, the ratio of manure to straw was identical by mass, however, the manure was fermented during 180 days using 143, 1430 and 2860 mg of bio-destructors per ton of biomass. The influence of broiler chicken droppings on the number of sexually mature and immature worms, their mass and the number of laid cocoons was studied for 100 days. The content of protein, biotic metals, and toxic metals in vermiculture biomass was studied. It was proven experimentally that the inclusion of broiler chicken droppings with a litter of fermented droppings in the amount of 2860 mg/t of bio-destructors leads to an increase in the number of sexually mature and immature worms in the micro-bed and their mass by 45.5 and 29.3 % respectively, and 63.9 and 56.7 % relatively to the control where the litter was fermented during 18 months. Cultivation of vermiculture on compost with manure fermented for 180 days (III experimental group) makes it possible to obtain 41.4 % more cocoons and 17.1 % more cocoons compared to the control group. The biomass of worms grown on compost containing manure fermented with the highest dose of bio-destructors probably did not differ by the content of biotic metals and toxic metals.
Key words: worm cocoons, protein, biotic metals, toxic metals, bio-destructors, vermiculture, compost.
Comparative analysis of the diversity of bees in agroecosystem habitats
Authors: Dyman T. , Yashchenko S. , Mazur T. , Dyman N. , Zagoruy L.
Published: March 2023

Biodiversity has a great importance on agroecosystems, since it determines their actual and potential productivity. Bees provide crucial ecological service in the agricultural landscape in most geographical regions because they are considered to be predominant and most economically important group of pollinators. The objective of the study was the assessment of bees (domestic, wild, bumblebees) diversity in different types of habitats in agroecosystems of Central Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Bee communities were investigated in agrocenosis, semi-natural habitats and ecotones between on territories of 6 farms. In total were sampled 1131 individuals of bees that were presented by 60 species. Species composition, density and richness of bees were investigated. Indexes of Shannon, Simpson and Sorensen were used for biodiversity analysis. The results indicated that the species richness of bees grows by gradient: agrocenosis – semi-natural habitat – ecotone. The most common and spread species were Apis mellifera L., Bombus lapidarius L., B. terrestris L., Halictus simplex Blüthgen, Systropha curvicornis Scopoli, Lasioglossum leucozonium Schrank. Density of Apidae increases in agrocenosis and falls in semi-natural habitats. Forming of bees’ fauna in agrocenosis depends on bees fauna of semi-natural habitats. Availability of ecotones promotes increasing of bee diversity in agroecosystems because it performs preservation function for biota and improves the spreading of bees and other species. The presented results could be used to predict changes in the formation of bee entomocomplexes in order to preserve their biodiversity.
Key words: agroecosystems, habitats, bees diversity, species richness, species density.
Role of microorganisms of the aquatic environment in the formation of the ecological and sanitary state of water bodies
Authors: Savenko N. , Prysiazhniuk N.
Published: March 2023

Due recent years, humanity has faced the problem of lack of clean water for its needs, so the main goals of science are to increase the efficiency of natural resources that would not impair the quality of water. Chemical and biological methods have traditionally been used to assess water quality, but biological methods are more efficient because they are less costly and more informative. Biological control of water quality has a number of advantages over chemical and physical methods, since the grouping of living organisms mirrors all changes in the ecological state of the aquatic environment, while responding to a complex of various factors and pollutants. The method makes it possible to assess the consequences of both permanent and volley contamination. One of the most important biological methods for assessing the ecological state of reservoirs is the assessment of water quality by microbiological indicators, which is the first and most informative component of biota that responds to the allochthonous introduction of organic substances. Microorganisms are involved in optimizing the conditions of the aquatic environment, namely in the building of hydrological and gas regimes and in the self-cleaning of reservoirs, which ultimately determines the quality of water. Therefore, the assessment of the mechanisms of microbiocenosis formation makes it possible to determine the sanitary state of reservoirs by ensuring the functioning of the ecosystem with a bacterial link. The introduction of new technologies should not bring or form any threats to the environment, health and safety of human life, which is why an important task today is to study the impact of microorganisms on the formation of the ecological and sanitary state of aquatic ecosystems.
Key words: microorganisms, aquatic environment, water classes, bioindication, sapidity zones, heterotrophic bacteria.
Relating marine mammal distribution to water column prey structure derived from echosounding
Authors: Orphanides CD , Jech JM , Palka DL , Collie J
Published: March 2023

Managing human impacts on marine mammal populations depends on understanding their distributions in space and time. Knowledge of these distributions is becoming increasingly important due to offshore energy development and climate-induced shifts in oceanic habitat. Most models assessing pelagic marine mammal abundance and distribution primarily use ocean surface or ocean floor variables as proxies for water column habitat. Here, we used a ship-based marine mammal sighting survey to test the utility of echosounder-based predictive variables for modeling marine mammal distribution and abundance. We assessed the distribution of 7 marine mammal taxa and 3 feeding guilds along the shelf break off the northeast USA relative to prey structure derived from acoustic data. We classified prey into 4 categories: (1) fish with swimbladders; (2) small resonant bubbles as phytoplankton, fish larvae, and gelatinous zooplankton; (3) fluid-like scatterers such as krill and copepods; and (4) fish with no swimbladder. We quantified the spatial structure of prey by calculating backscattering strength, location, dispersion, occupied areas, evenness, and aggregation. Spatial resolution along the survey track line was set to bins 1000 m in distance and either 50 or 200 m in depth. We then built generalized additive models (GAMs) using these acoustically derived variables to explain marine mammal distribution. The resulting GAMs explained between 9 and 38% of deviance, with model fit often reflecting aspects of foraging depth and prey preference. This approach could contribute to improved management through more accurate species distribution models that employ direct measurements of prey.
Nudging in het contractenrecht ter bescherming van zwakkere partijen
Authors:   , Bouwman Tom
Published: March 2023

Contract law offers protection to those who are defined within the legal system as weaker parties, such as employees, tenants, and consumers. In that context, weaker parties are routinely and tacitly assumed to be acting in an economically rational manner, an assumption that affects when and how they are offered protection. But insights from behavioral science reveal that people – and thus weaker parties too – have limited cognitive capacities and by no means always make economically rational decisions. The discrepancy between how weaker parties actually make decisions and how they are assumed to do so leads to deficiencies in their current protection. Although nudging could potentially be applied to better protect weaker parties without restricting their freedom of contract, no systematic research yet exists on how to do that and what the limits are to how that may be done. This doctoral thesis therefore answers the question as to how nudging can contribute to the protection of weaker parties in Dutch contract law. The first part – the legal framework – addresses why, when and how weaker parties are protected, and the deficiencies of their current protection. The second part – the theoretical framework – analyses the potential and limits of using nudging to protect weaker parties. The third part – the case studies – applies the theoretical framework to three issues concerning the protection of weaker parties, illustrating the operation of the theoretical framework and making specific recommendations for applying nudging to protect weaker parties. Nudges that help people make their own decision can contribute to more and better protection in case various specific types of lack of cognitive capacity or lack of ability to resist occur and, indirectly, sometimes also to more and better protection in case a lack of information occurs. Steering nudges can contribute to more and better protection in case of a lack of cognitive capacity, a lack of ability to resist, or a lack of information in general. That nudging can help to protect weaker parties does not mean that it is a cure-all. Indeed, the scope of nudging is limited by several factors. But this is no reason to be skeptical about nudging to protect weaker parties in general. That would amount to throwing the baby out with the bathwater. After all, the research presented here provides a theoretical framework on the basis of which legal practitioners, including legislative drafters and judges, can assess whether and, if so, how nudging can be applied to protect a weaker party. In doing so, this research contributes to a contract law in which adequate protection is offered not only to weaker parties who are economically rational, but also to real-world weaker parties.
Cesarean section rates in each region of Greece: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Kontopanos Athanasios , Tsakiridis Ioannis , Dagklis Themistoklis , Boureka Eirini , Mamopoulos Apostolos , Athanasiadis Apostolos
Published: March 2023

Introduction: There is a national trend in increasing cesarean section rates in Greece. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of cesarean sections per district of the Greek territory. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective observational study, the records of all births in Greece between 2019-2020 from the official archives of the Hellenic Statistical Authority were processed and analyzed. The NUTS-1 classification according to the EUROSTAT was used for the division of the Greek territory into districts. Based on this classification, Greece is divided into four major districts: Northern Greece, Central Greece, Attica and Aegean Islands-Crete. Results: In total, 169,417 births were recorded in Greece during the two-year period from 1/1/2019 to 31/12/2020. Of these, 55.79% were performed by cesarean section, 40.24% by vaginal delivery, 0.02% by a combination of vaginal delivery and cesarean section, while the mode of procedure was not reported in 3.95% of all deliveries. The highest frequency of cesarean sections was observed in Attica with a rate of 58.86%. The corresponding rates in the other districts were 55.50% (Aegean Islands and Crete), 53.55% (Northern Greece) and 51.49% (Central Greece). Notably, the mode of delivery was not reported in 13.75% of births in Central Greece, while the respective rates in the other districts ranged between 1.02% and 2.1%. Conclusions: The frequency of cesarean sections in Greece was high, with a rate of 55.79% of all births, during the study period. The district with the highest frequency of cesarean section was Attica, with a rate over 58%.
The Techno-Barbie Speaks Back: Experiments with Gendered Hormones
Authors: Lim Bryan , Christianson Adam , Nicholls Emily Jay , Aldridge Alexandra , Dymock Alex
Published: March 2023

In Testo Junkie, Preciado briefly introduces the figure of the ‘techno-Barbie’. Contrasted with his own Testogel-fuelled pornographic experiments, the possibilities of oestrogen or progesterone seem somewhat uncharitably foreclosed upon. Though Preciado draws our attention to the gendered politics of chemical enhancement and hormonal justice, it begs the question: where do we draw the line between experimentation and chemical domination? We engage with the figure of the techno-Barbie to explore our own experiments with hormones and gendered agency in the boundaries of advanced biocapitalism. Drawing on a range of allied texts, we explore the ambivalences of our own hormonal experimentation. What kinds of hormonal experiments are allowed to be cast as such? In response to this all-encompassing theory of domination, we ask: how might the techno-Barbie speak back?
Paul B. Preciado and the Contamination of Genre
Authors: Rowlands Lili Owen
Published: March 2023

This discussion concerns the under-explored influence of Jacques Derrida on Paul B. Preciado and the autotheoretical enterprise that is Testo Junkie. Picking up on the deconstructive logic of contamination at work in Preciado’s early writings, the article reckons with autotheory as both a theoretical mode motored by the first person and an autobiographical mode interested in self-shaping. In so doing, it offers a genealogy of autotheory that finds its origins in Derrida’s disinterest in disciplinary purity and dislike of philosophical detachment, at the same time as positioning Testo Junkie firmly within a French literary and philosophical context where it both intervenes in the activity of queer theorizing and antagonizes the highly popular genre of autofiction through a series of generic contaminations. Autotheory, in this itinerary, is inseparable from the self-writing project that Preciado undertakes and advocates, one that disidentifies from the fiction of a privately sexed and interior ‘self’.
Trans Auto-Antonym Theory (The Masc–Femme Dialectic)
Authors: Gill-Peterson Jules
Published: March 2023

Despite its imperative to include all gendered positions under one umbrella, ‘trans’ is continually riven by intramural confrontation over the differences between its masculine and feminine iterations. Whether in political organizing, on social media or in the pages of academic trans theory, it sometimes seems like ‘trans’ is subject to an interminable and gendered custody battle. Dissatisfied with the terms of masc–femme antagonism, this essay uses the gendered interfaces of critique and autotheory to enmesh the work of Jules Gill-Peterson and Paul B. Preciado. Reading into the interdependence of Gill-Peterson’s and Preciado’s texts yields a different theory: trans as an auto-antonym, a word that produces opposite meanings depending on context. Treating trans as auto-antonymic conjures a relational and even erotic escape from the naturalization of gendered antagonism in trans theory, affirming the unexpected bridges, reversals or ‘sex changes’ of specifically trans writing.
Smartphone Technology for Household Management
Authors: Mulyaningsih Mulyaningsih , Eti Kusmiati  , Ieke Sartika Iriany  , R. Pasciana
Published: March 2023

Purpose – Technology adoption is commonplace in household management to, among others, save time and effort in completing household chores today. This is marked by the burgeoning use of various household tools for cooking, washing, and the use of cell phones. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of household technology users and its effect on household management productivity. 
Methodology – In this study, the method used was qualitative, with a survey-descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews with 19 purposively selected informants, observation, and documentation study and then analyzed in stages, i.e., reduction, display, analysis, and conclusion drawing.
Findings – The results showed that the use of technology in household management boosted housewives’ productivity, which in turn affected the roles of other family members. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that most housewives could use technology to form happy, peaceful, and prosperous families. Based on these findings, the use of technology has a favorable influence on how housewives execute their duties in managing households, particularly with regard to the object under investigation.
Originality – This research develops the role of women in household management supported by the use of technology.
Study title: A systematic review of RCTs to examine the risk of adverse cardiovascular events with nicotine use
Authors: Kim Mimi M. , Steffensen Isabella , Miguel Red Thaddeus D. , Babic Tanja , Johnson Aubrey D. , Carlone Julien , Potts Ryan , Junker Christopher S.
Published: March 2023

Associations between cigarette smoking and increased risk of cardiovascular disease are well established. However, it is unclear whether the association is mediated by exposure to nicotine and/or to other constituents in cigarette smoke. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) was to identify any potential associations between exposure to nicotine and the risk of clinically diagnosed adverse cardiovascular events in adult current users and nonusers of tobacco products. Among 1,996 results, 42 studies, comparing nicotine and non-nicotine groups, were included and were both qualitatively and quantitatively synthesized across the outcomes of arrhythmia, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death. The majority of studies evaluating nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death reported no events that occurred in either the nicotine or non-nicotine control groups. Among the studies that reported events, rates of adverse events were similarly low between both groups. Consistent with findings from previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, pooled data showed that rates for arrhythmia, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death were not significantly different between nicotine and non-nicotine groups. The overall quality of the body of evidence for each of the four outcomes of interest was graded as “moderate,” limited only by the imprecision of results. The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that, with moderate certainty, there are no significant associations between the use of nicotine and the risk of clinically diagnosed adverse cardiovascular events—specifically, arrhythmia, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death.
Use of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Walking Estimated-Limitation Calculated by History questionnaire to detect maximal walking distance equal to or lower than 250 m in patients with lower extremity arterial disease
Authors: Tollenaere Quentin , Métairie Antoine , Le Pabic Estelle , Le Faucheur Alexis , Mahé Guillaume
Published: March 2023

Objective

The objective was to assess the accuracy and optimal threshold of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ) and the Walking Estimated-Limitation Calculated by History (WELCH) questionnaire in identifying patients with a maximal walking distance (MWD) below or equal to 250 m.

Methods

This retrospective study screened 388 consecutive patients with suspected symptomatic lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). Collected data included the patient's history, resting ankle-brachial index, WIQ, and WELCH. MWD was assessed with a treadmill test at 2 mph (3.2 km/h) with a 10% grade. An optimized threshold for detection of MWD ≤ 250 m was determined for each questionnaire via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Subsequently, multivariate analysis was performed to build a new simple score to detect MWD ≤ 250 m.

Results

The study included 297 patients (63 ± 10 years old). With a threshold of ≤ 64%, the WIQ predicted MWD ≤ 250 m with an accuracy of 71.4% (66.2, 76.5%). With a threshold of ≤ 22, the WELCH predicted a treadmill walking distance of ≤ 250 m with an accuracy of 68.7% (63.4, 74.0%). A new score with only four “yes or no” questions had an accuracy of 71.4% (66.3, 76.6%). Items on this new score consisted of the level of difficulty of walking 1 block, declared maximum walking distance, usual walking speed, and maximum duration of slow walking.

Conclusion

A WIQ score ≤ 64% and a WELCH score ≤ 22 help to predict a walking distance of ≤ 250 m in a treadmill test at 2 mph (3.2 km/h) with a 10% grade. A 4-item score could be used for rapid evaluation of walking distance among patients with LEAD, but the validity of this 4-item score requires further confirmation studies.
The role of lactate metabolism-related LncRNAs in the prognosis, mutation, and tumor microenvironment of papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Xia Minqi , Wang Shuo , Wang Li , Mei Yingna , Tu Yi , Gao Ling
Published: March 2023

Background

Lactate, a byproduct of glucose metabolism, is primarily utilized for gluconeogenesis and numerous cellular and organismal life processes. Interestingly, many studies have demonstrated a correlation between lactate metabolism and tumor development. However, the relationship between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and lactate metabolism in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains to be explored.

Methods

Lactate metabolism-related lncRNAs (LRLs) were obtained by differential expression and correlation analyses, and the risk model was further constructed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis (Lasso) and Cox analysis. Clinical, immune, tumor mutation, and enrichment analyses were performed based on the risk model. The expression level of six LRLs was tested using RT-PCR.

Results

This study found several lncRNAs linked to lactate metabolism in both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) datasets. Using Cox regression analysis, 303 lactate LRLs were found to be substantially associated with prognosis. Lasso was done on the TCGA cohort. Six LRLs were identified as independent predictive indicators for the development of a PTC prognostic risk model. The cohort was separated into two groups based on the median risk score (0.39717 -0.39771). Subsequently, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the high-risk group had a lower survival probability and that the risk score was an independent predictive factor of prognosis. In addition, a nomogram that can easily predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of PTC patients was established. Furthermore, the association between PTC prognostic factors and tumor microenvironment (TME), immune escape, as well as tumor somatic mutation status was investigated in high- and low-risk groups. Lastly, gene expression analysis was used to confirm the differential expression levels of the six LRLs.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we have constructed a prognostic model that can predict the prognosis, mutation status, and TME of PTC patients. The model may have great clinical significance in the comprehensive evaluation of PTC patients.
Genetic causal relationship between age at menarche and benign oesophageal neoplasia identified by a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Su Yani , Hu Yunfeng , Xu Yiwei , Yang Mingyi , Wu Fangcai , Peng Yuhui
Published: March 2023

Objective

The occurrence and development of oesophageal neoplasia (ON) is closely related to hormone changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationships between age at menarche (AAMA) or age at menopause (AAMO) and benign oesophageal neoplasia (BON) or malignant oesophageal neoplasia (MON) from a genetic perspective.

Methods

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of exposures (AAMA and AAMO) and outcomes (BON and MON) were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS database. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study between them. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the main analysis method, while the MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were supplementary methods. The maximum likelihood, penalized weighted median, and IVW (fixed effects) were validation methods. We used Cochran’s Q statistic and Rucker’s Q statistic to detect heterogeneity. The intercept test of the MR Egger and global test of MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) were used to detect horizontal pleiotropy, and the distortion test of the MR-PRESSO analysis was used to detect outliers. The leave-one-out analysis was used to detect whether the MR analysis was affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In addition, the MR robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS) method was used to assess the robustness of MR analysis.

Results

The random-effects IVW results showed that AAMA had a negative genetic causal relationship with BON (odds ratio [OR] = 0.285 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.130-0.623], P = 0.002). The weighted median, maximum likelihood, penalized weighted median, and IVW (fixed effects) were consistent with random-effects IVW (P < 0.05). The MR Egger, simple mode and weighted mode results showed that AAMA had no genetic causal relationship with BON (P > 0.05). However, there were no causal genetic relationships between AAMA and MON (OR = 1.132 [95%CI: 0.621-2.063], P = 0.685), AAMO and BON (OR = 0.989 [95%CI: 0.755-1.296], P = 0.935), or AAMO and MON (OR = 1.129 [95%CI: 0.938-1.359], P = 0.200). The MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, maximum likelihood, penalized weighted median, and IVW (fixed effects) were consistent with a random-effects IVW (P > 0.05). MR analysis results showed no heterogeneity, the horizontal pleiotropy and outliers (P > 0.05). They were not driven by a single SNP, and were normally distributed (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Only AAMA has a negative genetic causal relationship with BON, and no genetic causal relationships exist between AAMA and MON, AAMO and BON, or AAMO and MON. However, it cannot be ruled out that they are related at other levels besides genetics.
Single-cell mapping of N6-methyladenosine in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and exploration of the risk model for immune infiltration
Authors: Nie Yuanliu , Yao Guangyue , Xu Xiaoying , Liu Yi , Yin Ke , Lai Jingjiang , Li Qiang , Zhou Fengge , Yang Zhe
Published: March 2023

Background

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common RNA modification, but its potential role in the development of esophageal cancer and its specific mechanisms still need to be further investigated.

Methods

Bulk RNA-seq of 174 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from the TCGA-ESCC cohort, GSE53625, and single-cell sequencing data from patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from GSE188900 were included in this study. Single-cell analysis of scRNA-seq data from GSE188900 of 4 esophageal squamous carcinoma samples and calculation of PROGENy scores. Demonstrate the scoring of tumor-associated pathways for different cell populations. Cell Chat was calculated for cell populations. thereafter, m6A-related differential genes were sought and risk models were constructed to analyze the relevant biological functions and impact pathways of potential m6A genes and their impact on immune infiltration and tumor treatment sensitivity in ESCC was investigated.

Results

By umap downscaling analysis, ESCC single-cell data were labelled into clusters of seven immune cell classes. Cellchat analysis showed that the network interactions of four signaling pathways, MIF, AFF, FN1 and CD99, all showed different cell type interactions. The prognostic risk model constructed by screening for m6A-related differential genes was of significant value in the prognostic stratification of ESCC patients and had a significant impact on immune infiltration and chemotherapy sensitivity in ESCC patients.

Conclusion

In our study, we explored a blueprint for the distribution of single cells in ESCC based on m6A methylation and constructed a risk model for immune infiltration analysis and tumor efficacy stratification in ESCC on this basis. This may provide important potential guidance for revealing the role of m6A in immune escape and treatment resistance in esophageal cancer.