bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pedagogisen Haltijan kuiskaus -materiaalin soveltaminen varhaiskasvatuksessa J. A. Hollon sivistyskasvatusajattelun luentana
Authors: Sintonen Sara , Nordström Alexandra , Sairanen Heidi , Kumpulainen Kristiina
Published: June 2020

Artikkeli liittyy kulttuurikasvatuksen toteuttamiseen varhaiskasvatuksessa. Tarkastelemme, kuinka sivistyskasvatus heijastuu varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien erilaisissa tavoissa soveltaa erästä suomalaisiin luontouskomuksiin ja myytteihin liittyvää pedagogista materiaalia. Sivistyskasvatuksella viittaamme J. A. Hollon (1895–1967) ajatuksiin kasvatuksesta. Hollon sivistyskasvatusajattelun ytimessä ovat muun muassa luovuus, mielikuvittelu ja ilo, jotka kiteytyvät älyllisen, eettisen, esteettisen ja toiminnallisen kasvatuksen toteuttamisessa. Kulttuuri, sivistys ja taiteet olivat Hollolle tärkeitä kasvatusta ohjaavia seikkoja; myös tarinoiden merkitys ja voima korostuvat Hollon ajattelussa. Nämä näyttäytyvät tutkimuksessamme tärkeinä varhaiskasvatukseen liittyvän kulttuurikasvatuksen ja pedagogisen kehittämisen taustoittajina.

 

The adaptation of pedagogical material Whisper of the Spirit in early childhood education as a reading of J. A. Hollo's educational thinking

Abstract

This article is related to implementing cultural education in early childhood education. We consider how early childhood education teachers' various ways of adapting a pedagogical material about Finnish nature beliefs and myths are reflecting the idea of Bildung. We are especially focusing on Juho August Hollo's (1895–1967) educational thinking. Hollo emphasized creativity, imagination and joy, together with intellectual, ethical, aesthetic and experiential education. In his educational thinking, culture, education and arts were influential, as well as the meaning and power of stories. In our research, these are important bases of cultural education and pedagogical development in early childhood education.

Keywords: Juho August Hollo, culture education, nature beliefs, Bildung, early childhood education
Partidos Políticos y Satisfacción con la Democracia “Una mirada desde la institucionalidad de América Latina”
Authors: Cabrera Benavides Lucero Liliana
Published: June 2020

El artículo se desarrolla a partir de la pregunta de investigación: ¿Cuál es la incidencia de la satisfacción con la democracia en la confianza hacia los partidos políticos en América Latina, 2017? Se aborda a partir de datos de la encuesta anual de opinión publica de Latinobarometro que para el año 2017 involucra 20.000 entrevistas en 18 países latinoamericanos que representan a más de 600 millones de personas, donde se observa el desarrollo de las democracias utilizando indicadores de actitud, comportamiento y opinión. La encuesta Latinobarometro (2017) contribuye al estudio de ciertos indicadores relacionados a satisfacción de la democracia que podrían incidir en la variable dependiente confianza electoral a partir del modelo estadístico Ordeded probit, el cual permite comprender el grado proximidad de las variables. A partir de lo anterior, y de la revisión de fuentes teóricas se sostiene como hipótesis: a mayor satisfacción con la democracia, mayor confianza hacia los partidos políticos. O a la inversa entre menor satisfacción con la democracia, menor confianza hacia los partidos políticos, es decir que los resultados podrían presentarse de manera directa y proporcional.
Disputas intercomunales por la “verdadera” historia de la comunidad indígena de Zirahuén
Authors: Guevara Sánchez Brenda Griselda
Published: June 2020

En este escrito reflexiono sobre las contradicciones en los discursos y memorias que los integrantes de la comunidad indígena de Zirahuén, Michoacán, México, produjeron sobre la “historia” de su comunidad”, entre 2007 y 2015. Para ello, ofrezco ejemplos etnográficos útiles que me permitieron analizar dos interpretaciones abiertamente contrapuestas sobre el “origen” de dicha comunidad. Desde esta reflexión, propongo que estas interpretaciones –orales y escritas- eran perennes y podían sufrir modificaciones importantes según cambiara la ubicación social de el o los narradores, en condiciones históricas especificas en el que estuviera inserto en el presente de su argumentación. Desde allí, sostengo que fueron a estos discursos y estas memorias en constante producción a las que tuve acceso durante mi investigación y no a un pasado que me develaría una historia verdadera.
El lenguaje del atavío yucateco en la prensa del siglo XIX
Authors: Vanegas Durán Claudia Marcela
Published: June 2020

La investigación histórica permite entender al atavío como un proceso dinámico que comunica códigos y convenciones culturales construidas. El artículo analiza el atavío yucateco a través de revistas y periódicos publicados en Yucatán, a mediados del siglo XIX, por ser esta una fuente que visibiliza significados sociales, espacios y prácticas vinculadas a su uso, así como el intercambio comercial y los oficios que hacen posible su materialidad. El estudio se centra en los relatos literarios que describen costumbres y “tipos” que delinean lo que se considera singular en la región, así como la aprobación o crítica frente a los cambios en los hábitos indumentarios. En segundo lugar, se aprovecha la iconografía para establecer representaciones y proyecciones de valores morales, estéticos y de forma vinculados a un proceso de adaptación, resistencia cultural y gestación de nuevos parámetros de consumo que caracteriza la época.
Entrega del bastón de mando: simbología indígena y política en dos ceremonias
Authors: Alonso Gutiérrez Milvet Rebeca
Published: June 2020

El bastón de  mando es un elemento importante en varias culturas indígenas de México como la de los chichimecas-otomíes representados por los danzantes Concheros del estado de Querétaro. En este trabajo analizo el performance hecho políticamente (Linchentfel y Rouse) en la entrega de este elemento simbólico a dos figuras políticas (presidente municipal y gobernador) dentro del marco de dos ceremonias conmemorativas, una de carácter político y otra cultural y espiritual. Asimismo, indago cómo por una parte la identidad indígena se opone al estado (Friedman) pero es también un aliado que puede proteger derechos civiles y tal vez proporcionar nuevas oportunidades (Haley).
El paisaje del agua y la tierra de la Acolhuatlalli a través del mapa de Patlachiuhqui y Moyotepec, Texcoco, 1592
Authors: Rojas Rabiela Teresa
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se presentan algunos resultados del estudio del mapa pictográfico de de Patlachiuhqui y Moyotepec, Texcoco, ca.1592, que contiene valiosos elementos para reconstruir el paisaje del agua y la tierra de esa porción del Acolhuacan, en el oriente de la Cuenca de México. Interesa en particular la continuidad del uso de dos acueductos que podrían ser los construidos por Nezahualcoyotl en el siglo XV, utilizados con nuevos objetivos. El estudio se basa en el análisis de los espacios, dibujos, glifos y glosas del mapa pictográfico, en la información de los documentos del expediente de procedencia y en otras fuentes históricas.
El Mapa de Atlihuetzía y la territorialización del culto divino: los barrios de músicos y cantores en las Repúblicas de Naturales
Authors: Gómez García Lidia E. , Mauleón Rodríguez Gustavo
Published: June 2020

Este artículo analiza la manera como el oficio divino se concretó, a través del siglo XVI, en una serie de privilegios a los actores encargados de la organización y ornato de la liturgia, en particular los músicos y cantores. Si bien conocemos que los fiscales de iglesia tuvieron un protagonismo significativo debido a que participaban en la República de Naturales, los músicos y cantores lograron obtener un reconocimiento de similar trascendencia. Tal protagonismo se manifestó en la dotación de tierras y la jurisdicción de barrios exclusivos para los músicos y cantores, desde los que participaron en la distribución de poder en las elecciones de cabildo. Esta circunstancia motivó que el oficio de la música estuviera asociado a linajes y prebendas propias de los nobles.
María Rosa Nuño Gutiérrez , Cuanajo. Discursos de una identidad amenazada. Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara, 259 p. ISBN: 978-607-9371-62-3
Authors: Colmenares Myriam Guadalupe
Published: June 2020

La investigación cobra sentido en la meseta purhépecha en Michoacán, cuna de diversas culturas étnicas cuya cosmovisión mantiene una estrecha relación con la naturaleza y la sociedad observada en el tiempo y el espacio, en los conocimientos, creencias y valores que conforma su propia identidad.Para lograrlo, se utiliza una base analítica compuesta por una extensa producción discursiva (que va desde 1993 a 2003) procedente de mitos, narraciones, refranes, historias y entrevistas que permitirán entender la dimensión cognitiva del núcleo central de la cultura purhépecha. La obra Cuanajo articula lo micro y lo macro, lo diacrónico y lo sincrónico, lo individual y lo social, lo subjetivo y lo objetivo a la par de una polifonía de actores que van construyendo el sentido de las relaciones basadas en dominación y subordinación.
Graciela de Garay Arellano y Jorge Eduardo Aceves Lozano, coords. Entrevistar ¿para qué? Múltiples escuchas desde diversos cuadrantes. Ciudad de México: Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora,Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, 2017, 446 p. ISBN 978-607-9475-74-1
Authors: Chavarría Peccorini Gabriel Mauricio
Published: June 2020

La obra colectiva Entrevista ¿Para qué? Múltiples escuchas desde diversos cuadrantes, es coordinada por Graciela de Garay Arellano y Jorge Eduardo Aceves Lozano, en ella se muestra la entrevista a partir de la experiencia de varios investigadores e investigadoras, resaltando cada uno de sus componentes más esenciales como la oralidad, las estructuras del discurso, la subjetividad, las expresiones no orales, la veracidad de la narración, las dificultades para emplear esta técnica y el importante papel de la memoria del entrevistado.
Wildlife Trafficking: the illicit trade in wildlife, animal parts, and derivatives
Authors: Ege Gian , Schloenhardt Andreas , Schwarzenegger Christian
Published: June 2020

Wildlife trafficking threatens the existence of many plant and animal species and accelerates the destruction of wildlife, forests, and other natural resources. It contributes to environmental degradation, destroys unique natural habitats, and deprives many countries and their populations of scarce renewable resources. The more endangered a species becomes, the greater is the commercial value that is put on the remaining specimen, thereby increasing the incentive for further illegal activities. Preventing and supressing the illegal trade in wildlife, animal parts, and plants is presently not a priority in many countries. Despite the actual and potential scale and consequences, wildlife trafficking often remains overlooked and poorly understood. Wildlife and biodiversity related policies, laws, and their enforcement have, for the most part, not kept up with the changing levels and patterns of wildlife trafficking. Poorly developed legal frameworks, weak law enforcement, prosecutorial, and judicial practices have resulted in valuable wildlife and plant resources becoming threatened. The high demand for wildlife, animal parts, plants, and plant material around the world has resulted in criminal activities on a large scale. Considerably cheaper than legally sourced material, the illegal trade in fauna and flora offers opportunities to reap significant profits. Gaps in domestic and international control regimes, difficulties in identifying illegal commodities and secondary products, along with intricate trafficking routes make it difficult to effectively curtail the trade. Although several international and non-governmental organisations have launched initiatives aimed at bringing international attention to the problem of wildlife trafficking, political commitment and operational capacity to tackle this phenomenon are not commensurate to the scale of the problem. There is, to date, no universal framework to prevent and suppress this crime type and there is a lack of critical and credible expertise and scholarship on this phenomenon. As part of their joint teaching programme on transnational organised crime, the University of Queensland, the University of Vienna, and the University of Zurich examined the topic of wildlife trafficking in a year-long research course in 20182019. Students from the three universities researched selected topics and presented their findings in academic papers, some of which have been compiled in this volume. The chapters included in this v edited book address causes, characteristics, and actors of wildlife trafficking, analyse detection methods, and explore different international and national legal frameworks.
Factores predictores de sintomatología de ansiedad, depresión y calidad de vida global en pacientes mexicanos con cáncer de próstata
Authors: Espinoza Bello Marcos , Galindo Vázquez Oscar , Jiménez Ríos Miguel Ángel , Lerma Talamantes Abel , Acosta Santos Nancy Ariadna , Álvarez Avitia Miguel Ángel , Herrera Gómez Ángel
Published: June 2020

Introducción: El cáncer de próstata es el tumor más frecuente en los hombres en todo el mundo. Algunos de sus principales síntomas son fatiga, problemas urinarios, depresión y ansiedad. Por ello, conocer la calidad de vida y los problemas psicológicos en el paciente mexicano con cáncer de próstata es relevante. Objetivo: Identificar factores predictores de sintomatología de ansiedad, depresión y calidad de vida global. Método: En este estudio transversal, no experimental, participaron 201 pacientes mexicanos del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología diagnosticados con cáncer de próstata, con edades de entre 49 y 90 años. Instrumentos: Se emplearon la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HADS) y la Evaluación Global de Salud de la Organización Europea para la Investigación y Tratamiento del Cáncer y Calidad de Vida (EORTC QLQ-C30). Análisis estadístico: Se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrada, la prueba exacta de Fisher y modelos de regresión logística para evaluar la fuerza de la asociación. Resultados: Los pacientes con baja calidad de vida fueron los de mayor edad, menor escolaridad, con más casos con metástasis y mayor depresión y ansiedad. Los hallazgos indican que los síntomas anteriores predicen baja calidad de vida en población mexicana. Discusión: Los síntomas clínicos de depresión y la ansiedad son predictores de baja calidad de vida en varones mexicanos, y su prevalencia en todo el espectro de tratamiento es relativamente alta. Se requieren programas de psicooncología que identifiquen y traten de forma oportuna al grupo de pacientes que lo requiera.
Evaluación del estigma hacia pacientes con cáncer: una aproximación psicométrica
Authors: Penagos-Corzo Julio C. , Pintado Cucarella Sheila
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar las propiedades psicométricas de un cuestionario para evaluar el estigma hacia personas con cáncer, en una muestra de 1340 estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. El análisis factorial exploratorio indicó tres elementos: Discriminación, Imposibilidad de recuperación y Estereotipos para pacientes con cáncer. La consistencia interna del instrumento indica una adecuada confiabilidad para el total del instrumento. El análisis factorial confirmatorio arrojó un óptimo ajuste, lo que sugiere su idoneidad para evaluar el estigma.
Presencia, severidad y frecuencia de síntomas en mujeres climatéricas pacientes del Instituto Nacional de Perinatología
Authors: Aldana Calva Evangelina , Mota González Cecilia
Published: June 2020

El climaterio es una etapa complicada en sí misma: por un lado, por la connotación psicosocial que tiene, y por otro, por el momento en la vida en que se evidencian o exacerban diversos síntomas, algunos de los cuales tienen su origen en esta etapa de vida, y otros que siempre acompañan a la mujer. El propósito de este estudio fue conocer la presencia, severidad y frecuencia de síntomas en una muestra de 257 mujeres en climaterio, pacientes del Instituto Nacional de Perinatología de la Ciudad de México. Los resultados revelan que de los doce síntomas más frecuentes, cinco corresponden al factor emocional: tristeza, depresión, apatía, irritabilidad y cansancio; seis al factor de síntomas asociados a la vejez: dolor de huesos, dolor de espalda, dolor muscular, dolor articular, piel seca y problemas gastrointestinales, y solamente uno al factor de declive hormonal: el insomnio. Se concluye que los síntomas en el climaterio deben explicarse en términos más allá del mero declive hormonal.
Soledad y salud: ¿cómo se relacionan y difieren según la edad y la escolaridad?
Authors: Cruz-Vargas Daniela J. , Sánchez-Aragón Rozzana , Castro-Torres Vanesa
Published: June 2020

Si bien la disponibilidad de relaciones sociales supone un recurso básico para la promoción de la salud y el bienestar, no son necesariamente un factor protector en razón de que una relación con problemas o carencias es en sí misma una fuente principal de estrés. En particular, estas últimas, sean reales o percibidas, constituyen un sentimiento negativo denominado soledad, comúnmente asociado con depresión, ansiedad, insatisfacción e infelicidad, lo que trae consigo efectos negativos importantes para la salud general. Con base en lo anterior, los propósitos de este estudio fueron identificar el impacto de la soledad en la salud y explorar las posibles diferencias según la edad y la escolaridad. Se empleó una muestra de 387 participantes heterosexuales de la Ciudad de México, con edades de entre 18 y 62 años y con escolaridad mínima de secundaria, a quienes se les aplicaron la Escala para Evaluar Soledad en la Pareja y la Encuesta de Salud SF-36. Algunos de los resultados sobresalientes muestran que experimentar sentimientos de vacío trae consigo una menor vitalidad y más problemas emocionales que afectan el interés por convivir con otras personas, así como dificultades para llevar a cabo las actividades cotidianas. En cuanto a las diferencias, los participantes maduros (45-62 años) reportaron experimentar más problemas de salud que los adultos (31-44) y los jóvenes (17-30). Respecto a su escolaridad, los participantes con mayor grado educativo refirieron más sentimientos de vacío, así como más problemas de salud relacionados con la función y el rol físico.
Effect of trace elements Zn, B, Mg and Cu on the growth and sporulation of Pyricularia oryzae, the causal organism of blast disease of rice
Authors: Sharma Renubala , Shukla Sandeep
Published: June 2020

Blast is one of the most common disease of the Rice crop caused by Pyricularia oryzae. Blast of Rice is a recurrent problem of Rice producing countries declines productivity drastically. Mycelium growth and sporulation of P. oryzae is depend upon many factors i.e. humidity, temperature, availability of nutrients etc. Like other fungi P. oryzae also requires some nutrients in very minute quantity for their physiological and metabolic activities. Regulating these micronutrients or trace elements we can control the growth and spore production in P. oryzae. In this paper, we studied effect of four trace elements i.e. Zinc (Zn), Boron (B), Magnesium (Mg) and Copper (Cu) on growth and sporulation of P. oryzae. Zinc, Boron and Copper are most effective and promote growth and sporulation at 2 ppm (parts per million) concentration when we increased concentration of these elements in the medium, growth and sporulation decreased .On the other hand less growth and sporulation reported in the absence of Magnesium. Minute quantity of Magnesium is required for optimum growth i.e. 2 ppm. after this increasing concentration of Magnesium is not significant.
The effects of preharvest LED light, melatonin and AVG treatments on the quality of postharvest snapdragon and vase life
Authors: Xiang Diying , Nguyen Chi Dinh , Felter Liz , Clark David , Huo Heqiang
Published: June 2020

Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) is one of top ten fresh-cut flowers in the United States; however, its short vase life limits its marketability. The purposes of this study were to test the effects of LED light, exogenous melatonin and one ethylene production inhibitor, AVG, on the quality of pre-harvest snapdragon and the prolongation of vase life after post-harvesting. Our results showed that snapdragon treated with 10 h white light followed by 6 h blue light (WB) inhibited stem elongation and lengths of the inflorescences, reduced the number of florets and vase life. On the contrary, snapdragon treated with 10 h white light, 3 h red light, 3 h blue light (WRB) significantly promoted stem elongation, lengths of the inflorescences, and increased the size and number of florets. The lengths of stems and inflorescences increased significantly in all melatonin treatments while quantity and size of florets only increased with 200 µmol·L-1 melatonin application. Noticeably, vase life was significantly extended with 200 µmol·L-1 melatonin application and shortened with WB treatment. In contrast to melatonin, all AVG treatments resulted in decreases of the floret size; and changes in stem elongation and inflorescence length were only observed in the treatment with 100 µmol·L-1AVG. These results showed that pre-harvest treatment with WBR and melatonin can effectively improve the post-harvest quality of snapdragon flowers and 200 µmol·L-1 of melatonin extended their vase life.
Intersecting Human Development, Social Justice and Gender Equity: A Capability Option
Authors: Akala Beatrice M'mboga
Published: June 2020

The greatest achievement of any education system lies in its ability to harness and develop human capabilities indiscriminately. This paper aims to show that the development of capabilities is crucial in bolstering individual well-being while at the same time propelling human beings to function adequately at various levels in society. I argue that, for a symmetrical development of capabilities to be attained for all, institutionalised unfreedoms that are perpetuated through entrenched classism, racism and sexism need to be addressed. The claims in this paper respond to the dilemma of continued marginalisation of women in South African higher education by arguing that a capability approach (CA) to human development should be considered as a possible framework through which gender and gendering can be investigated and evaluated. The paper has adopted a critical exploration methodology in discussing theories of social justice and a capability approach to human development. The paper concludes that education is an essential component of human development that should be enjoyed by all regardless of their creed, gender, race or social class.
The Embodiment of the Indigenous People by European Travel Writers at the Cape Colony, Southern Africa
Authors: Seroto Johannes
Published: June 2020

This article analyses how European travellers depicted the bodies of indigenous people in their travel narrations. Three travel writers, Peter Kolb, Anders Sparrman and Sir John Barrow, were selected to investigate how the bodies of indigenous people were perceived at the Cape Colony. Grosfoguel’s theoretical framework of the coloniality of power, the coloniality of knowledge and the coloniality of being was used to ground and investigate the coloniality of the body in the Colony. The findings suggest that the portrayal of indigenous people’s bodies by Europeans in their travel accounts has connotations of racial stereotypes, which are characterised by a colonial power matrix of subjugation, hierarchisation, Eurocentrism, dehumanisation and objectification of indigenous people. European travellers used the notion of Eurocentric power, the epistemology of the West and the degradation of “being” to depict the bodies of the indigenous people.
Revisiting the Stanford Prison Experiment from the Perspective of the Social Model of Disability: A Teaching Experience
Authors: Koca-Atabey Mujde
Published: June 2020

This article aims to revisit the Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE) from the perspective of disability studies. The SPE is an issue that inevitably comes to light while teaching Social Psychology and how it contributes to a different course titled Psychological, Social and Cultural Aspects of Disabilities. The SPE presents a pioneering piece of research within Social Psychology. Similarly, the social model has reformed the concept of disability. The SPE and further studies demonstrate the importance of social forces in shaping human behaviour; i.e. they explore how good people might turn evil in particular circumstances. The social model of disability emphasises the role of social oppression in creating disability. As these two courses contribute to each other, it is discussed that an appropriate level of analysis within the discipline of psychology has much to contribute to the inherently interdisciplinary field of disability studies and vice versa. Interdisciplinary curriculums might be a step towards inclusive higher education.
Subsistence Farmers’ Knowledge in Developing Integrated Critical Pedagogy Education Curricula
Authors: Govender Nadaraj
Published: June 2020

Curricular innovation in the 21st century in education requires significant transformation with regards to political, economic, socio-cultural and environmental concerns such as climate change and sustainability, amongst others. A critical pedagogy approach that includes the hegemonic knowledge debates of Western and Indigenous Knowledge Systems is also integral to this transformation. This study explored the diversity of knowledge of subsistence farmers with regard to their community farming practices and how their knowledge, skills and resilience can be harnessed for education. Seven Black South African subsistence farmers near a teaching university were purposively selected for this qualitative multi-case study. Interviews with them were video-recorded and transcribed. Their experiences and perceptions of politics, economics, environmental concerns and innovations on their local farms were documented and are presented as a case-narrative history of the farmers’ backgrounds. The findings show that farmers have shown resilience with regard to issues such as water conservation, productive use of labour, pest management, local market supply and demands and indigenous knowledge in terms of ploughing, caring for, harvesting and storage of vegetables. It is recommended that local farmers’ knowledge, practices and resilience can be a source of knowledge to be integrated into education curricula. The implication of the research affords insights for opportunities and partnerships with the farming community in developing a critical pedagogy education curriculum that can be of current value in managing climate change and sustainable concerns.
Towards Compassionate Care: A Critical Race Analysis of Teaching in Township Schools
Authors: Kennemer Crystal , Knaus Christopher B.
Published: June 2020

This article presents findings from a critical race theory-informed qualitative study of three teachers in a township secondary school outside of Cape Town, South Africa. Based on a series of interviews conducted throughout the school day, this study demonstrates how teachers intentionally empower learners to navigate school infrastructures that reinforce racial disparities. Findings centre a commitment to empowering instructional strategies, including code-switching and an ethic of compassionate care for learners of colour navigating resource-poor schools. The article concludes by arguing for immediate attention to remedying historic racialised disparities, fostering code-switching as intentional instructional approaches, and considering an ethic of care that helps learners navigate the daily conditions of township life.
Between the Vision of Yesterday and the Reality of Today: Forging a Pedagogy of Possibility
Authors: Vally Salim
Published: June 2020

In this article I discuss the vision of education for liberation during the anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa. The article focuses specifically on “People’s Education” and “Workers’ Education”. Instead of an instrumental role for education reduced solely to the labour market requirements of business, economic growth and international competitiveness, I argue that the purpose of education is much broader. Embedded in a rich tradition of an educational praxis based on social justice and democratic citizenship, the popular movements associated with people’s and workers’ education generated alternatives to apartheid’s legacy on education. In contemporary South Africa, this apartheid legacy is exacerbated by post-apartheid policies rooted in neoliberalism. While post-1994 education policies established the legislative framework for social justice, equity and adequate resources remain unattainable and elusive. In the face of the desultory state of schooling and the failures of neoliberalism, the article takes issue with the proffered solutions advocated by proponents of neoliberalism, including strident calls for the privatisation of education and resorting back to an apartheid-like disciplinary regime. In forging a pedagogy of possibility, social class analysis and effective community participation in education policy deliberations would need to be reinserted into the conversations about redress and education reform if the country is to overcome its inequalities and social cleavages. To this end, alternatives and possibilities raised during the struggle against apartheid are reiterated, re-examined and offered as prisms through which an alternative education can be practised.
Identity Constructions at Hysterectomy: Black Women’s Narratives
Authors: Kota-Nyati Phumeza Patricia , Hoelson Christopher Norman
Published: June 2020

Conscious and repressed power differentials between healthcare providers and patients have influenced women’s experiences of hysterectomy. A critical outlook that focuses on intersectionality and power relations of the body has provided evidence that Black, under-resourced, and currently oppressed women’s reproductive organs have been neglected. The current inquiry gathered narratives of five Black women from both private and public health facilities who had a hysterectomy before the age of 52. Their narratives of identity before and during hysterectomy were ascertained. The findings revealed negative experiences resulting from severe symptoms before hysterectomy and exposed complex negative and positive multilayered structures related to power and dominance during treatment. Insight into the challenges and benefits of hysterectomy on womanhood identified several key recommendations for providing a more nuanced perspective to enhance women’s gynaecological health.
Career Development Barriers in the Post-Settlement Phase amongst Women Refugees: Implications for Human Capital Development
Authors: Nyabvudzi Tatenda Gaudencia , Chinyamurindi Willie Tafadzwa
Published: June 2020

South Africa has witnessed an increase in the number of refugees in the country. This could be due to the country being perceived favourably especially by refugees from the African continent. This study investigates the career development barriers affecting women refugees in the post-settlement phase and further ascertains the implications that these can have on human capital development. Calls have been made within extant literature to focus on the impact of the global refugee crisis and its implications for the career opportunities and experiences of refugees. A qualitative research approach was utilised based on the narratives and stories of 20 women refugees operating in Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Two main findings were found based on the data analysis. First, a range of barriers that relate to individual and contextual factors were found to affect refugees post-settlement. Second, the interacting nature of these barriers is illustrated and shown to affect individual agency as refugee women focus on the acquisition of basic commodities rather than long-term human capital development. The research suggests strategies that policymakers can adopt to assist women refugees not just with their career development but also integration in the host country. This study extends and advances the literature on the career development issues relating to vulnerable groups such as women refugees, particularly in developing nations such as South Africa. Further, the study makes suggestions for practice with wider ramifications that can assist women refugees during the post-settlement phase.
Bridging the Gender Gap and Promoting Representation of Women in the National Parliament: A Comparative Analysis Study of South Africa and Lesotho
Authors: Mojapelo Jerry Tsheukoto , Faku Monde Ephraim
Published: June 2020

This research paper aims to discuss one of most significant issues that many developing countries are grappling with: the gender representation gap in the African political sphere. The purpose of this research paper is to make a comparison in terms of the available legislative frameworks of South Africa and the kingdom of Lesotho. This research focused on bridging the gender gap and promoting the representation of women in the national parliaments of South Africa and Lesotho. In this article significant efforts were made to explore goal three of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) which deals with the promotion of equality and empowerment of women. The following aspects were considered: the promotion of access to higher education for women, the protection offered by the constitution and the elimination of discriminatory practices against women, legislative provision in bridging the gender gap and affirmative action policy. The methodology that was adopted in this article was a qualitative approach. An unobtrusive method was employed to analyse the secondary data. The aim of this research is to contribute to and enhance the relevant body of knowledge. Although serious strides have been made in closing the gender representation gap and promoting women in politics, some countries are still lagging behind in the representation of women in key influential positions like parliament. However, other African countries have made progress in empowering women in their respective countries. This includes countries like Rwanda, where the national parliament consists of more than 63% women. Finding are discussed in greater detail as well as the limitations of the study, and lastly possible recommendations are explored.
Migrating through Cultures, Deconstructing Masculinities and Gender Identities in Modern Islamic Literature
Authors: Ogunyemi Christopher Babatunde
Published: June 2020

Matters arising around feminism, sexualities and masculinities, male dominance and hierarchies, gender identities and the configuration of patriarchy in religion and literature have constituted some major trends in modern women’s writings, particularly women’s writings in the Islamic enclave. This work probes the motifs of women’s marginalisation, cultural masculinities, and gender constructions as they affect some selected modern Islamic fictions around the world. The work utilises Judith Butler’s theory of performativity and Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction to delineate and redefine women’s subjugation and freedom by foregrounding the political, cultural, social, and moral elements redefining the pragmatic Islamic societies arising from technology. Constant division and the discriminatory roles assigned to women in the Islamic enclave have had some negative influences in literature, which can be found in some analyses of Frantz Fanon’s works and Simone de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex. These discriminatory and divisible roles for women can sometimes have negative cultural and social implications for an economic and political understanding of Islamic literature. This work reconfigures and redefines gender performance, masculinities, and Islamic metaphysics in the selected Islamic fictional works of Saudi Rajaa Alsanea’s Girls of Riyadh, Sudanese Leila Aboulela’s Minaret and Kuwaiti Randa Jarrar’s Map of Home.
Young Women and Political Participation: Exploring Gender Differences in the Awareness, Knowledge and Support for Political Restructuring among Youths in Nigeria
Authors: Nche George C.
Published: June 2020

Political restructuring can create new political spaces for young women or facilitate an opposite trend. Yet, no study has examined the role of young women with respect to the current agitations for political restructuring in Nigeria. With a focus on the role of young women, the present study explored gender differences in the awareness, knowledge and support for political restructuring among youths in Nigeria. Participants were 575 youths (372 males, 180 females, M = 25.62, SD = 5.51) drawn from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Data was collected using a questionnaire assessing awareness, knowledge and support for political restructuring in Nigeria. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and chi square (c2) were used to analyse the data. The results show that there was no statistically significant relationship between gender and awareness of political restructuring. However, females had higher knowledge of and support for political restructuring than males. The discussion of the findings highlights implications for young women in terms of political participation, research and policy.
Migration, Mobility and Transnational Families: The Case of Indian Women Migrating to South Africa
Authors: Rugunanan Pragna
Published: June 2020

The history of labour migration to South Africa spans centuries. More recently flows of skilled and unskilled, documented and undocumented migration to South Africa have reached significant proportions. While men have predominated in the flows of migration streams to South Africa, the feminisation of migration has increased the visibility and role of women in the migration context. The impact of migration on the lives of skilled married women has been given little attention in the migration literature. Characterised as trailing spouses in the broader migration literature, the article explores, through a life-course framework, how skilled Indian women renegotiate their lives when leaving secure jobs to follow their spouses to a foreign country. Attention is given to how mobility is negotiated between the spouses, the impact of mobility on the family and the influence of transnationalism on the migrants and their families in South Africa. The article is based on exploratory research using qualitative in-depth interviews conducted with married skilled Indian women who migrated as co-dependents to South Africa.
Digital Borders, Diasporic Flows and the Nigerian Transgender Beauty Queen Who Would Not Be Denied
Authors: Camminga B
Published: June 2020

In 2011, Miss Sahhara, a transgender woman from Nigeria with UK refugee status, was crowned First Princess at the world’s largest and most prestigious beauty pageant for transgender women—Miss International Queen. The then Cultural Minister of Nigeria when contacted for comment responded that if she was transgender, she could not be Nigerian, and if she was Nigerian, she could not be transgender—a tacit denial of her very existence. In recent years, LGBT people “fleeing Africa” to the “Global North” has become a common media trope. Responses to this, emanating from a variety of African voices, have provided a more nuanced reading of sexuality. What has been absent from these readings has been the role of gender expression, particularly a consideration of transgender experiences. I understand transgender refugees to have taken up “lines of flight” such that, in a Deleuzian sense, they do not only flee persecution in countries of origin but also recreate or speak back to systems of control and oppressive social conditions. Some transgender people who have left, like Miss Sahhara, have not gone silently, using digital means to project a new political visibility of individuals, those who are both transgender and African, back at the African continent. In Miss Sahhara’s case, this political visibility has not gone unnoticed in the Nigerian tabloid press. Drawing on the story of Miss Sahhara, this paper maps these flows and contraflows, asking what they might reveal about configurations of nationhood, gender and sexuality as they are formed at both the digital and physical interstices between Africa and the Global North.
Gender and Economy in the Niger Delta: An Examination of the Role of Women in Sustaining a Region in Conflict
Authors: Umejesi Ikechukwu
Published: June 2020

The discourse on the structure of the economy and the drivers of growth in different African societies is underlined by patriarchy. The dominant view is often that men are at the heart of the productive and profitable sectors of the society, hence the skewed power relations and visibility of men in all organs of the society. While this framework seems to typify patriarchal societies in different African nations, it overshadows the tenacity of women in conflict-ridden societies where men focus mainly on the execution of war and combat roles rather than on the economic survival of their families and society. In the oil-rich Niger Delta region of Nigeria, years of grassroots struggle against the state and mining companies over oil wealth and the environment have shifted economic relations hitherto dominated by men, and created a platform where women have become visible participants in the economy. This paper looks at the role of women in the economy of local communities of the Niger Delta. Analyses of the decades-old conflict have often been limited to male-led military, political and environmental struggles between major actors in the conflict, with little attention paid to the role of women in the economic survival of the region. The paper uses both ethnographic and secondary data collected from Egbema community and its neighbours in the northern Niger Delta region.
Factors that Influence the Durability of Transplanted Kidneys in South Africa
Authors: Ndemera Hillary , Bhengu Busisiwe R.
Published: June 2020

Kidney transplantation is the cornerstone for renal treatment in patients with end-stage renal failure. Despite improvements in short-term outcomes of renal transplantation, kidney allograft loss remains a huge challenge. The aim of the study was to assess factors influencing the durability of transplanted kidneys among transplant recipients in South Africa. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A random sampling was used to select 171 participants. Data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews developed from in-depth consideration of relevant literature. Data were coded and entered into the SPSS software, version 24. The entered data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that the average durability of transplanted kidneys was 9.07 years among selected kidney transplant recipients in South Africa. Factors associated with the durability of transplanted kidneys included age, the sewerage system and strict immunosuppressive adherence, all with a P-value = .000, followed by the mode of transport (P-value = .001) and support system (P-value = .004). Other variables including demographics, the healthcare system, medication and lifestyle modification engagement were not associated with the durability of transplanted kidneys. Understanding the factors influencing the durability of transplanted kidneys among kidney transplant recipients in South Africa is crucial. The study revealed associated factors and gaps which may be contributory factors to kidney allograft loss. This study provides an opportunity to introduce specific interventions to nephrology professionals to promote prolonged graft durability. It is recommended that a specific intervention model be developed, which targets South African kidney recipients taking into account the significant variables in this study and the socio-economic status of the country.
Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding Patterns in Namibia
Authors: Indongo Nelago , Mutorwa Klemens
Published: June 2020

Breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices have significant implications for the child health status. In Namibia, the Maternal and Child Health programme has teamed up with the WHO and UNICEF to improve feeding practices of infants and young children. The main objective of this paper is to examine practices of breastfeeding and complementary feeding among mothers with infants and young children aged 0–24 months. The paper focuses on examining the period of breastfeeding cessation by mothers and the time of the introduction of complementary foods. Information was obtained from 9 176 mothers of 16 237 infants and young children aged 0–24 months interviewed during the 2013 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey. A survival analysis was used to explore the effects of different variables on the time course of breastfeeding. Although breastfeeding initiation is quite high, most mothers do not continue to breastfeed to 24 months. Among children aged between 0 and 24 months, only 28.2 per cent were still breastfed, and continued breastfeeding is lowly practiced with only 6.1 per cent of children between 20 and 24 months still breastfed. A significant proportion of infants were introduced to solid foods before the recommended age of six months with 31.3 per cent given some solid foods. Developing a breastfeeding culture that involves increasing the duration of maternity leave for working mothers should be considered.
Use of the Semester System in Undergraduate Programmes for Open Distance Education
Authors: Matlakala Mokgadi , Mgutshini Tennyson , Greeff Wilheminah J. , Chetty Denzil
Published: June 2020

Distance education offers a variety of teaching and learning modes, including various instruction periods, such as a year or six months. This study examined the use of semesters for teaching and learning in undergraduate programmes at a specific university offering open distance education. The authors present the perceived pedagogic challenges for programmes with modules delivered over six months. A qualitative exploratory design was used, following interpretivism. The participants were lecturers from a specific college within the university. The lecturers were involved in modules taught over six months, normally referred to as semester modules. Four group discussions were held with the nominated lecturers from different departments within the college. The discussions were audio recorded, and the data were transcribed verbatim, followed by manual content analysis. The findings indicated that the perceived pedagogic challenges in the semester system were limited time for teaching and learning which included delayed feedback to students, and the academic workload brought about by large student numbers and the types of assessment methods used. The results suggest a basis to respond to new pedagogies and the use of alternative assessment methods to match the semester system in open distance education.