bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why Indonesian Start-up Fail: An Overview of Performance Management Systems
Authors: Rony Zahara Tussoleha
Published: October 2024

The era of globalization and disruption demands the development of an increasingly competitive business world. Companies present are expected to provide sustainability strategies to increase performance, which is one of the performance management strategies. But the facts show that start-up companies in Indonesia have not been able to improve their performance, even though they are mostly bankrupt. The objective of this study is to explain the obstacles faced by most start-up in Indonesia in implementing performance management in their respective companies during the period 2020–2023. This research paradigm uses a constructivist paradigm with a case study approach. The research began with collecting secondary data through initial interviews involving the key 10 human resources informants of start-up companies. The sampling methods used are purposive and quota sampling. Primary data was obtained from interviews with 16 managers and 12 human resources managers, observations of 12 start-up in 12 cities in Indonesia, and documentation studies. Data is analyzed through manual data analysis procedures using thematic inductive approaches to generate memos and ultimately build a conceptual framework of obstacles to performance management processes. The study reveals that the human resource competence standards, systems, effective performance management standards, and leadership competencies directly related to performance management in 2020–2022 are not available and are not optimally implemented in start-up.
Improvement of Productivity by Using Means of Lean Manufacturing, Just in Time, and Production Technology in Thai SMEs Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Burawat Piyachat
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the current situations, opportunities, and obstacles in manufacturing industry, and to create a model for improving the efficiency while reducing the levels of inventory. This study gathered information from in-depth interview using snowball sampling from 20 manufacturing companies in Thailand. The results revealed that the organization has implemented lean production principles as a strategic initiative to mitigate losses. The implementation of comprehensive work manuals, offered in diverse languages such as Thai, Burmese, Japanese, and English, serves as an additional mechanism to mitigate losses by ensuring clarity and understanding among the workforce. Furthermore, the integration of modern technologies, encompassing machine technology, robotics and artificial intelligence, is actively pursued to streamline production processes and consequently reduce losses. The results presented that companies refrain from adopting Just-In-Time production systems due to operational challenges associated with fulfilling customer orders. Specifically, frequent machine shutdowns for adjustments are necessitated, leading to elevated unit costs. Manufacturing companies in Thailand continue to harbor potential for growth, despite the inevitable rise in employee wages leading to increased operational costs. To navigate this challenging landscape, companies must remain adaptive, responding not only to shifts in customer preferences but also to advancements in technology, proactive examination of customer needs prior to initiating the production process, a paradigm shift from low-cost production to the premium-grade products addresses the demands of customers seeking superior product quality, and the process of broadening customer bases both overseas and globally, and the analysis of distinct customer groups in identifying new target demographics.
Optimization of Data Management through a Web System based on Business Intelligence and Agile Kanban Methodology
Authors: Cunuhay Wilmer , Estrada Marco , Silva Geovanny , Inca Cristian
Published: October 2024

The collection of information through a questionnaire for planning purposes played an important role in defining the requirements of the web system, functioning as a fundamental basis for the next step in the software development phase. The application of the Kanban way of thinking has proven to be effective in managing work, supported by greater openness during the system creation phase. The surveys and interviews carried out show that the initiative is important and necessary to improve decision-making and processes. The incorporation of Kanban principles is based on an exhaustive analysis using tools such as PHP, Bootstrap and MySQL to facilitate the process and achieve maximum efficiency. Through the web-based system, it is possible to centralize information, allowing its access and management in real time. Business intelligence is also used to perform in-depth analysis, helping to identify patterns and potential opportunities for improvement. It was considered appropriate to choose the Kanban methodology due to its collaborative and incremental approach, ideal for adapting to change and providing constant value. The results confirm the solidity of our methodology and the relevance of the choices made in the development of this web application based on Business Intelligence and Agile Kanban Methodology.
An Effective Analysis of the Machine Learning Algorithms for the Early Diagnosis of Liver Failure
Authors: R. Geetha , Srikanth Umarani , S. Gunanandhini , K. Ramyadevi , M. Balasubramanian , E. Kamalanaban
Published: October 2024

In the recent years Deep learning algorithms have emerged as a potential means for the diagnosis of medical diseases owing to their capability to extract composite features and patterns from huge datasets. The results of the proposed work demonstrate the efficiency of the Single Layer Perceptron, Multi-Layer Perceptron and auto encoder algorithms through extensive validation in precisely detecting the early signs of liver failure. The efficacy of the algorithms are compared based on performance metrics such as accuracy, F1 score, and recall. The comparative analysis shows that the performance of Multi-Layer Perceptron is superior. The highest accuracy is obtained by MLP as it has True Positive of 1.0, True Negative of 0.975, False Positive of 0.024 and False Negative of 0.0 leading to the accuracy 99.41 and f1 score is obtained as 99.61 and has Precision of 99.23 and Recall of 99.41.
Twin Transformation
Authors: Finkler Michael
Published: October 2024

In der heutigen – äußerst schnelllebigen – digitalen Welt müssen Unternehmen dauerhaft anpassungsfähig und innovativ sein, um ihre Wettbewerbsfähigkeit aufrecht zu erhalten. Während die Digitalisierung lange Zeit im Vordergrund stand, gewinnt nun auch die Nachhaltigkeit zunehmend an Bedeutung.
Messtechnische Erfassung und Beurteilung der trockeneisbedingten Kohlendioxidexposition bei Kühltransporten mit Kleinfahrzeugen/Measurement and assessment of dry ice-related carbon dioxide exposure during refrigerated transport with small vehicles
Authors: Steimer Philipp
Published: October 2024

Trockeneis ist eine weitverbreitete Möglichkeit der Kühlung von Transportgütern. Die Kühlwirkung geht allerdings zwingend mit einer Freisetzung von gasförmigem Kohlendioxid (CO2) einher. Für dieses gilt ein Arbeitsplatzgrenzwert von 0,5 Vol.-% und es kann unabhängig von der Sauerstoffkonzentration in der Atemluft tödlich wirken. Für Räume, in denen sich Trockeneis und Beschäftigte gleichzeitig aufhalten, ergibt sich hieraus das Erfordernis einer ausreichenden Belüftung und ggf. einer Gaswarnanlage. Schwierig gestaltet sich eine Beurteilung allerdings insbesondere beim Transport in normalen Pkw, was in bestimmten Bereichen wie Laborkurierdiensten oder Caterern gelebte Praxis darstellt. Anhand der durchgeführten Versuche konnte gezeigt werden, wie sich der Verlauf der CO2-Konzentration im Fahrzeuginnenraum rechnerisch verlässlich abschätzen lässt und welche Maßnahmen notwendig sind, damit unter Realbedingungen nicht von einer Gefährdung auszugehen ist.
METHODOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PHONOLOGICAL CHANGES IN WORDS IN SMALL WORKS
Authors:   Independent researcher of Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature, Urganch city, Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, Shokirovna Matkurbonova Muhabbat
Published: October 2024

The article examines the methodological possibilities of the phonographic tools used in the comics, stories and feuilletons of the great writer Abdulla Qadiri. The expression of denotative and connotative meanings by means of phonological units, their semantic-stylistic features, the importance of expressiveness in the language of small works is highlighted.
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MANAGING EMERGING RISKS: AN IN-DEPTH STUDY OF AI APPLICATIONS IN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS' RISK FRAMEWORKS
Authors:   The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, Texas, Farazi Md Zahidur Rahman
Published: October 2024

This research focuses on using approaches such as ML and ANNs in FRM while will look at and try to analyze their effectiveness compared to logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine. Training and testing of the models were done using accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score with a sample database comprising of 15000 financial records. Imputation of missing values; selection of informative variables; and data scaling, were performed to enhance the reliability of the models used. Analysis of the results revealed that ANNs and more so DNNs surpassed conventional approaches in the prediction of financial risks. Still, the integration of traditional and AI-based approaches resulted in improved performance outcomes as well as proved to be more resilient to multiple risk factors. Thus, the work concludes that the enhancement of the integration of AI in the management of financial risk can enhance the accuracy of risk assessment. The future work should include improvements regarding the interpretability of the model, testing on a more substantial number of data and experimenting with reinforcement learning to apply it to decision making in the financial risk cases.
Testosterona y hueso alveolar en pacientes de 60 a 80 años de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal
Authors: Mendoza Murillo Paul , Sotomayor Mancicidor Oscar , Chuna Espinoza Jorge , Castro Pérez Vargas Antonieta , Quiroz Falla Sebastián
Published: October 2024

La testosterona es una hormona metabólica y vascular con múltiples efectos fisiológicos en diversos tejidos del organismo. La disminución del nivel sérico de testosterona desencadena una reducción de la masa ósea, enfermedades cardiovasculares y osteoporosis, teniendo una implicación sobre la estructura ósea, siendo los adultos mayores los que la padecen con mayor frecuencia 1,2. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la relación entre la testosterona y el hueso alveolar mandibular en pacientes entre 60 y 80 años de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. Como metodología se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, en el periodo de enero a junio de 2023. Se utilizó la prueba estadística del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson para determinar la relación de las dos variables. El nivel de significación fue (p < 0,05). Los resultados indican que existe una correlación positiva entre el dosaje de testosterona y el índice panorámico mandibular, el 45% de la población de estudio tiene valores de testosterona por debajo de 3.25, presentando un alto riesgo de presentar osteoporosis. Se concluye que existe correlación entre la testosterona y el índice panorámico mandibular y los pacientes con niveles bajos de testosterona tienen alto riesgo de desarrollar osteoporosis con afectación en el hueso alveolar.
ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL FISHING IN THE BHITARKANIKA
Authors: RAMESH DEVARAJ ASIR , INFANTINA AMALI , PRIYA P
Published: October 2024

Traditional fishing communities' livelihoods solely depend on the freshwater, estuary, brackish water, creeks and coastal areas abutting the Bhitarkanika National Park, Orissa India. Bhitakanika Mangrove ecosystems serve as vital nursery grounds for the economically important nearshore fish and shellfish species. The freshwater rivers, channels, creeks, salt marsh wetlands, and associated coastal waters are highly productive. The fishing community have been pressurised by the forest department to implement restrictions in the National Park Area to protect the sea turtles, crocodiles and other endangerous wild animals. In addition to the restrictions of the Forest Department, immigrated fishermen who are using advanced instruments, crafts and gears in capture fisheries reduce the fish stock distribution and diversity. The climate change impacts also influence the fish stock population, distribution, diversity and recruitment reducing the catch per effort of the traditional fishermen. In this research paper, traditional fishermen of the Bhitakanika National Park Area fishing population, fishery, fishing culture, livelihoods, various issues, and recommendations to find alternative employment opportunities to reduce fishing pressure in the Bhitarkanika National Park have been discussed.
INNOVATION METRICS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY: AN INNOVATIONOLOGY-BASED COMPREHENSIVE, MULTIDIMENSIONAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: MOLEKA PITSHOU
Published: October 2024

Innovation has become a fundamental driver of economic progress, social well-being, and environmental sustainability in the 21st century. As organizations and policymakers grapple with the complexities of fostering and scaling transformative innovations, the need for robust, multidimensional approaches to measuring innovation performance has become increasingly critical. This article presents a comprehensive innovation metrics framework that is grounded in the emerging field of Innovationology, a transdisciplinary science developed by the author for understanding the multilevel, systemic, and contextual nature of innovation processes and outcomes. Drawing on the Innovationology perspective, the proposed framework transcends traditional financial and output-based measures to capture the intangible, organizational, ecosystem, societal, and sustainability-oriented determinants of innovation success. This multidimensional approach empowers global stakeholders to navigate the evolving innovation landscape, make informed decisions, and unlock the transformative potential of innovation for sustainable progress. Moreover, the article critically examines the limitations of conventional national and global innovation indices, such as the Global Innovation Index (GII) and the Bloomberg Innovation Index, which have long been the primary tools for benchmarking and comparing innovation performance across countries. Recognizing the shortcomings of these static, input-output-oriented models, this study proposes alternative frameworks that better capture the multidimensional, contextual, and systemic nature of innovation performance, drawing on the theoretical foundations of Innovationology. By integrating a diverse set of quantitative and qualitative indicators across multiple levels of analysis, this Innovationologybased innovation metrics framework empowers organizations, policymakers, and innovation ecosystem members to foster a more holistic understanding of their innovation capabilities, identify areas for improvement, and align their innovation efforts with the pressing challenges of the 21st century, ultimately contributing to the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
A new genus of Ambositrinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) from Rovno amber and remarks on the Eocene distribution of the subfamily
Authors: Chemyreva Vasilisa G. , Legalov Andrei A. , Perkovsky Evgeny E.
Published: October 2024

Arcanys rostratus Chemyreva gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Eocene Rovno amber in the tribe Betylini (subfamily Ambositrinae) as the first member of this tribe discovered in Europe – in amber and in recent fauna. This new genus differs from other genera of the Ambositrinae by a combination of such features as: the pleurostomal carinae positioned at right angles to each other, the absence of notauli, the propodeum with strongly elevated plicae but without median carina and carina along posterior margin, the fore wings with short marginal and stigmal veins, and the base of T2 deeply arcuated but without notches and elongate grooves. The distribution of the subfamily Ambositrinae is discussed.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ ВЕГЕТАТИВНОЙ МАССЫ ГРЕЧИХИ НА ПРЕДМЕТ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ РУТИНА
Authors: Коберницкий Владимир , Коберницкая Татьяна , Волобаева Вера , Музыка Оксана
Published: October 2024

В работе представлены основные результаты изучения продуктивности вегетативной массы растений гречихи посевной (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) по различным предшественникам при возделывании в условиях Акмолинской области на предмет использования в производстве рутина. Для изучения выделены типичные биотипы гречихи, принадлежащие к различным эколого-географических группам возделываемые в условиях Северного Казахстана. На уровень продуктивности фитомассы значительное влияние оказывали различные факторы. Прослежена значительная дифференциация по отзывчивости биотипов на изменения условий среды. К наиболее значительному фактору следует отнести погодные условия в годы проведения опытов (количество выпавших осадков и положительные температуры). Сильное влияние на продуктивность имел агрофон выращивания. В частности, преимущество парового фона наблюдалось на протяжении всех лет опыта. Максимальный уровень формирования зеленой массы имели биотипы 255-25, 215-12, 211-3, 197-10, 166-13 в контрастных условиях влагообеспеченности.  Прослежена динамика развития растений гречихи на протяжении всего периода вегетации и определена фаза развития, соответствующая максимальному выходу зеленой массы. В результате проведенных исследований определена потенциальная продуктивность зеленой массы гречихи в условиях Акмолинской области. Проведено сравнение уровня урожайности культуры по чистому пару и по стерневому предшественнику. Наиболее продуктивные биотипы по фитомассе включены в селекционный процесс для дальнейшей проработки.
IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE AGGLUTINATION TEST FOR DIAGNOSTICS OF ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN PIGS
Authors:   Siberian Federal Center of Agrobiotechnologies RAS, KHOMENKO Yu.S. , DEREVYAGINA E.Yu. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University; Sibtekhnovet LLC, AFONYUSHKIN A.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University; Sibtekhnovet LLC, AFONYUSHKIN V.N. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University; Siberian Federal Center of Agrobiotechnologies RAS; Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, ILYINA K.E. ,   Alekris-Consulting LLC
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the research was to develop a diagnostic algorithm for identifying associated viral-bacterial infections in pigs. The studies were carried out on a farm characterized by the presence of multiple abscesses, laminitis, dermatitis and respiratory pathology in pigs. To detect associated PRRSV infections with bacteria isolated from sick animals, an immunofluorescent agglutination reaction with a fluorescently labeled antigen was used. Antibodies to PRRS were determined by ELISA using the PRRS-SEROTEST reagent kit. The research revealed the presence of antibodies to the PRRS virus in the herd. The examined livestock had an associated infection with Streptococcus suis, Escherichia coli, Trueperella pyogenes, which were not dependent on PRRS. The proposed serological diagnostic algorithm based on: isolating bacterial cultures from sick animals, conducting agglutination tests with antigens from these bacteria, comparing the levels and presence of antibodies to various viral and bacterial agents. This methodological approach allowed us to establish the relationship between Trueperella pyogenes, Streptococcus suis and E.coli and exclude the contribution of PRRSV to this associated infection. The versatility of the proposed methodology is promising for diagnosing a wide range of bacterial and viral associated and mono infections.
Navigating Global Research Trends on Seafoods-Related Foodborne Diseases: A Decadal Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Saad Sara , Lani Mohd Nizam , Wan Abdullah Wan Zawiah , Daniel Muhd Danish-Daniel , Azra Mohamad Nor , Nik Ubaidillah Nik Hafizah , Jusoh Mohd Yahya Fadzli , Yarlina Vira Putri , Imathiu Samuel
Published: October 2024

Ensuring seafood safety has become a critical area of focus due to its strong association with foodborne diseases. Despite the critical nature of this field, an in-depth understanding of global research trends in this field remains limited. Our study conducted an extensive bibliometric analysis to track the evolution and thematic focus of research on seafood safety from 2013 to 2023. Utilizing Scopus for publication and citation data, along with VOSviewer for visualizing keyword networks, this study highlights key developments and scholarly efforts aimed at mitigating risks associated with seafoods consumption. The analysis pinpoints the United States, China, the United Kingdom, France, South Korea and Malaysia as leading contributors. Their extensive research outputs and collaborations have markedly shaped the field's evolution. The overall positive trajectory in research volume experienced a minor setback in 2022, suggesting a complex and dynamic research landscape. "Food Control" is identified as a principal journal for the dissemination of research works, anchoring a dynamic co-citation network that fosters extensive international dialogue. We categorize seven principal research clusters: epidemiology, molecular detections, microbial resistance, bacteriophage applications, toxin detection methodologies, predictive modelling and biofilm studies. These clusters encompass the scopes and the breadth of current investigations. This decade-long review highlights the necessity for cohesive global research strategies to enhance the knowledge and control of foodborne pathogens in seafoods. This strategy is critical for improving food safety measures and safeguarding public health globally.
UMA AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO NAS EMPRESAS, UMA NECESSIDADE E NÃO UMA ESCOLHA. UMA NECESSIDADE E NÃO UMA ESCOLHA.
Authors: DA SILVA MESSIAS
Published: October 2024

Na moderna concepção, a avaliação do desempenho começa não pela apreciação do passado, mas pelo foco no futuro. Está mais orientada para o planejamento do desempenho futuro organizacional do que para o julgamento do desempenho do passado experimentado. Para avaliar o desempenho, é necessário ter a definição dos objetivos que é um passo importante no esclarecimento das expectativas que se espera do funcionário. Além da definição de objetivos, outro passo importante é o da concordância do funcionário quanto aos objetivos, por isso eles devem ser negociados para que haja o comprometimento, os funcionários precisam compreender a ideia. O desempenho é, portanto, um acordo negociado entre gerente e subordinado a respeito das responsabilidades do subordinado e do gerente durante o período considerado e das metas e objetivos que devem ser alcançados. Seria uma espécie de contrato de desempenho que se baseia em duas peças principais: relatório de responsabilidades básicas e padrões de desempenho para cada uma delas. Como premissa básica, o planejamento a partir da missão, visão, análise do ambiente externo e interno da empresa, identifica as metas a serem alcançadas. Em seguida vem o acompanhamento das ações, para verificar se estão de acordo com as metas estabelecidas, identificar as discrepâncias entre as ações realizadas e esperadas e então desenhar as ações de desenvolvimento e de capacitação.
Implications of Farm Production and Farmers' Characteristics on Poverty Reduction in Benue Division, Cameroon
Authors: Ntu Sonkey Louis , Wonganya Charlotte Nanyongo , Leonard Kongnyu
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of farm production and Farmers' Characteristics on Poverty Reduction in the Benue division in the Northern region of Cameroon. Data were collected from 399 respondents using a self-administered questionnaire through a stratified sampling technique of 12 sub-divisions in the Benue division. We adopted a survey research design. To estimate our results, we used Multiple correspondent analysis (MCA) and the OLS technique. The results reveal that there is a positive relationship between farm production and poverty reduction in Benue state. An increase in farm production will lead to a 2.19% reduction in farmers' poverty in Benue and this result is significant at a 5% level of significance. Similarly, the farmer's characteristics reveal that gender, farmers' experience, and educational level also significantly affect poverty reduction. In this light, there is a need for the government to train and deploy more extension workers in the various sub-divisions and communities in Benue division, to increase farmers' access to these services. This can be done by imparting specific skills to produce dominant food crops and livestock in the Benue division through workshops and seminars.
How did we get stuck?
Authors: Knight Chris
Published: October 2024

The Dawn of Everything
argues that human political arrangements got stuck when divine kings and other patriarchal despots began to confuse paternal care with coercive control. Drawing on insights provided by an Amazonian myth, this article argues that the decisive changes occurred much earlier than Graeber and Wengrow suppose. Gender politics got stuck when patriarchal forms of marriage and residence took over, disconnecting women from their former freedom to choose where to live – a freedom in turn linked with the periodicity of the moon.
Low-mass Stellar and Substellar Candidate Companions around Massive Stars in Sco OB1 and M17
Authors: Pauwels Tinne , Reggiani Maddalena , Sana Hugues , Mahy Laurent
Published: October 2024

Massive stars are recognized for their high degree of multiplicity, yet the mass ratio regime below 0.1 remains insufficiently explored. It is therefore unknown whether extremely low-mass (possibly substellar) companions can form and survive in the direct UV-irradiated environment of massive stars. In this paper, we discuss Very Large Telescope/Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch integral field spectrograph (0.″15–0.″85) observations of six massive O- and early B-type stars in Sco OB1 and M17 that each have a low-mass candidate companion (CC). Two targets have companions that are brown dwarf candidates. The other four have CCs in the low end of the stellar mass regime (≤0.30 M
⊙). For three of these, we have obtained a second epoch observation. At least two sources exhibit similar proper motion to that of their central star. However, given the expected proper motion of background objects, this does not imply certain companionship. We show how future follow-up observations of the brown dwarf CCs in the J, H, and L bands should allow for an unambiguous confirmation of their nature.
Accretion onto a Supermassive Black Hole Binary before Merger
Authors: Avara Mark J. , Krolik Julian H. , Campanelli Manuela , Noble Scott C. , Bowen Dennis , Ryu Taeho
Published: October 2024

While supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs) inspiral toward merger they may also accrete matter from a surrounding disk. To study the dynamics of this system requires simultaneously describing the evolving spacetime and the magnetized plasma. We present the first relativistic calculation simulating two equal-mass, nonspinning black holes as they inspiral from a 20 M (G = c = 1) initial separation almost to merger. Our results imply important observational consequences: for instance, the accretion rate

M

̇

onto the black holes first decreases and then plateaus, dropping by only a factor of ∼3 despite the rapid inspiral. An estimated bolometric light curve follows the same profile, suggesting some merging SMBBHs may be significantly luminous past the predicted circumbinary disk decoupling. The minidisks are nonstandard: Reynolds, not Maxwell, stresses dominate, and they oscillate between two states. In one part of the cycle, “sloshing” streams transfer mass between minidisks, carrying kinetic energy at a rate sometimes as high as the peak minidisk bolometric luminosity. We also discover that episodic accretion drives time-varying minidisk tilts. These complex dynamics all contribute to unique cyclical behavior in the light curves of late-time inspiraling SMBBHs. The poloidal magnetic flux on the black holes is roughly constant at a dimensionless level ϕ ∼ 2–3, but doubles just before merger; for significant black hole spin, this flux predicts powerful jets with variability driven by binary dynamics, another potentially unique electromagnetic signature. This simulation is the first to employ our multipatch infrastructure PatchworkMHD, decreasing the computational expense to ∼3% of conventional single-grid methods’ cost.
JCMT 850 μm Continuum Observations of Density Structures in the G35 Molecular Complex
Authors: Shen Xianjin , Liu Hong-Li , Ren Zhiyuan , Tej Anandmayee , Li Di , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Fuller Gary A. , Xie Jinjin , Jiao Sihan , Yang Aiyuan , Koch Patrick M. , Xu Fengwei , Sanhueza Patricio , Diep Pham Ngoc , Peretto Nicolas , Yadav R. K. , Kramer Busaba H. , Sugiyama Koichiro , Rawlings Mark G. , Lee Chang Won , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Harsono Daniel , Eden David , Kwon Woojin , Tsai Chao-Wei , White Glenn J. , Kim Kee-Tae , Liu Tie , Wang Ke , Zhang Siju , Jiao Wenyu , Yang Dongting , Das Swagat R. , Wu Jingwen , Wang Chen
Published: October 2024

Filaments are believed to play a key role in high-mass star formation. We present a systematic study of the filaments and their hosting clumps in the G35 molecular complex using James Clerk Maxwell Telescope SCUBA-2 850 μm continuum data. We identified five clouds in the complex and 91 filaments within them, some of which form 10 hub–filament systems (HFSs), each with at least three hub-composing filaments. We also compiled a catalog of 350 dense clumps, 183 of which are associated with the filaments. We investigated the physical properties of the filaments and clumps, such as mass, density, and size, and their relation to star formation. We find that the global mass–length trend of the filaments is consistent with a turbulent origin, while the hub-composing filaments of high line masses (m
l > 230 M
⊙ pc−1) in HFSs deviate from this relation, possibly due to feedback from massive star formation. We also find that the most massive and densest clumps (R > 0.2 pc, M > 35 M
⊙, Σ > 0.05 g cm−2) are located in the filaments and in the hubs of HFSs, with the latter bearing a higher probability of the occurrence of high-mass star-forming signatures, highlighting the preferential sites of HFSs for high-mass star formation. We do not find significant variation in the clump mass surface density across different evolutionary environments of the clouds, which may reflect the balance between mass accretion and stellar feedback.
Exploring the Origin of Cold Gas and Star Formation in a Rare Population of Strongly Bulge-dominated Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Li Fujia , Wang Enci , Zhu Ming , Peng Ying-jie , Wang Jing , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Lin Zesen , Rong Yu , Zhang Hong-xin , Kong Xu
Published: October 2024

We analyze the properties of a rare population, the strongly bulge-dominated early-type galaxies (sBDEs) with significant H i gas, using the databases from the FAST All Sky H i survey (FASHI) and the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey. We select the sBDEs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and crossmatch with the FASHI-ALFALFA combined H i sample, resulting in 104 H i-rich sBDEs. These sBDEs tend to have extremely high H i reservoirs, which is rare in previous studies such as ATLAS3D. A total of 70% of the selected sBDEs are classified as quiescent galaxies, even though they have a large H i reservoir. We study the properties of these sBDEs from four main aspects: stellar population, gas-phase metallicity, stacked H i spectra, and environment. The majority of H i-rich sBDEs appear to show lower gas-phase metallicity and are located in significantly lower-density environments, suggesting an external origin for their H i gas. We find that star-forming sBDEs exhibit statistically higher star formation efficiency and slightly older stellar populations compared to normal star-forming galaxies, suggesting a recent star formation on the Gyr timescale. They also show narrower and more concentrated H i profiles compared to control star-forming galaxies, which may explain their higher star formation efficiency.
The Spatial Correlation between CN-line- and Dust-continuum-emitting Regions in High-mass Star-forming Clouds
Authors: Hwang Jihye , Lee Chang Won , Kim Jongsoo , Chung Eun Jung , Kim Kee-Tae
Published: October 2024

Measuring the strength of a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field vector is challenging as it is not easy to recognize whether its line-of-sight (LOS) and plane-of-sky (POS) components are obtained from the same region. CN (N = 1–0) emission has been used to get the LOS component of a magnetic field (B
LOS) from its Zeeman splitting lines, while dust continuum emission has been used to get the POS component of a magnetic field (B
POS). We use the CN (N = 1–0) data observed with the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory 14 m telescope and the dust continuum data from the Herschel archive toward six high-mass star-forming regions in order to test whether CN line and dust continuum emission can trace a similar region and thus can be used for inferring 3D magnetic field strength. Our comparison between CN and H2 column densities for all targets indicates that CN line emission tends to be strong toward bright continuum regions. The positions of peak CN column densities are particularly well correlated with those of peak H2 column densities, at least over the H2 column density of 8.0 × 1022 cm−2 within one or two telescope beam sizes in all targets, implying that CN-line- and dust-continuum-emitting regions are likely spatially coincident. This enabled us to make the reliable measurement of the 3D magnetic field strengths of five targets by taking a vector sum of their B
LOS and B
POS, helping to decide the magnetical criticality of the targets as supercritical or transcritical.
Gravitational Wave Ringdown Analysis Using the

F

-statistic
Authors: Wang Hai-Tian , Yim Garvin , Chen Xian , Shao Lijing
Published: October 2024

After the final stage of the merger of two black holes (BHs), the ringdown signal takes an important role in providing information about the gravitational dynamics in strong field. We introduce a novel time-domain (TD) approach, predicated on the

F

-statistic, for ringdown analysis. This method diverges from traditional TD techniques in that its parameter space remains constant irrespective of the number of modes incorporated. This feature is achieved by reconfiguring the likelihood and analytically maximizing over the extrinsic parameters that encompass the amplitudes and reference phases of all modes. Consequently, when performing the ringdown analysis under the assumption that the ringdown signal is detected by the Einstein Telescope, the parameter estimation computation time is shortened by at most 5 orders of magnitude compared to the traditional TD method. We further establish that traditional TD methods become difficult when including multiple overtone modes due to close oscillation frequencies and damping times across different overtone modes. Encouragingly, this issue is effectively addressed by our new TD technique. The accessibility of this new TD method extends to a broad spectrum of research and offers flexibility for various topics within BH spectroscopy applicable to both current and future gravitational wave detectors.
Cloud–Cloud Collision: Formation of Hub-filament Systems and Associated Gas Kinematics. Mass-collecting Cone—A New Signature of Cloud–Cloud Collision
Authors: Maity A. K. , Inoue T. , Fukui Y. , Dewangan L. K. , Sano H. , Yamada R. I. , Tachihara K. , Bhadari N. K. , Jadhav O. R.
Published: October 2024

Massive star-forming regions (MSFRs) are commonly associated with hub-filament systems (HFSs) and sites of cloud–cloud collision (CCC). Recent observational studies of some MSFRs suggest a possible connection between CCC and the formation of HFSs. To understand this connection, we analyzed the magnetohydrodynamic simulation data from Inoue et al. This simulation involves the collision of a spherical turbulent molecular cloud with a plane-parallel sea of dense molecular gas at a relative velocity of about 10 km s−1. Following the collision, the turbulent and nonuniform cloud undergoes shock compression, rapidly developing filamentary structures within the compressed layer. We found that CCC can lead to the formation of HFSs, which is the combined effect of turbulence, shock compression, magnetic field, and gravity. The collision between the cloud components shapes the filaments into a cone and drives inward flows among them. These inward flows merge at the vertex of the cone, rapidly accumulating high-density gas, which can lead to the formation of massive star(s). The cone acts as a mass-collecting machine, involving a nongravitational early process of filament formation, followed by gravitational gas attraction to finalize the HFS. The gas distribution in the position–velocity (PV) and position–position spaces highlights the challenges in detecting two cloud components and confirming their complementary distribution if the colliding clouds have a large size difference. However, such CCC events can be confirmed by the PV diagrams presenting gas flow toward the vertex of the cone, which hosts gravitationally collapsing high-density objects, and by the magnetic field morphology curved toward the direction of the collision.
Two-process Model and Residual Abundance Analysis of the Milky Way Massive Satellites
Authors: Hasselquist Sten , Hayes Christian R. , Griffith Emily J. , Weinberg David , Sit Tawny , Beaton Rachael L. , Horta Danny
Published: October 2024

The “two-process model” is a promising technique for interpreting stellar chemical abundance data from large-scale surveys (e.g., the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV/V and the Galactic Archeology with HERMES survey), enabling more quantitative empirical studies of differences in chemical enrichment history between galaxies without relying on detailed yield and evolution models. In this work, we fit two-process model parameters to (1) a luminous giant Milky Way (MW) sample and (2) stars comprising the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr). We then use these two sets of model parameters to predict the abundances of 14 elements of stars belonging to the MW and in five of its massive satellite galaxies, analyzing the residuals between the predicted and observed abundances. We find that the model fit to (1) results in large residuals (0.1–0.3 dex) for most metallicity-dependent elements in the metal-rich ([Mg/H] > −0.8) stars of the satellite galaxies. However, the model fit to (2) results in small or no residuals for all elements across all satellite galaxies. Therefore, despite the wide variation in [X/Mg]–[Mg/H] abundance patterns of the satellite galaxies, the two-process framework provides an accurate characterization of their abundance patterns across many elements, but these multielement patterns are systematically different between the dwarf galaxy satellites and the MW disks. We consider a variety of scenarios for the origin of this difference, highlighting the possibility that a large inflow of pristine gas to the MW disk diluted the metallicity of star-forming gas without changing abundance ratios.
Evidence for Intrinsic X-Ray Weakness among Red Quasars at Cosmic Noon
Authors: Ma 马 Yilun 逸伦 , Goulding Andy , Greene Jenny E. , Zakamska Nadia L. , Wylezalek Dominika , Jiang 姜 Yan-Fei 燕飞
Published: October 2024

Quasar feedback is a key ingredient in shaping galaxy evolution. A rare population of extremely red quasars (ERQs) at z = 2−3 are often associated with high-velocity [O iii]λ5008 outflows and may represent sites of strong feedback. In this paper, we present an X-ray study of 50 ERQs to investigate the link between the X-ray and outflow properties of these intriguing objects. Using hardness ratio analysis, we confirm that the ERQs are heavily obscured systems with gas column density reaching N
H = 1023−24 cm−2. We identify 20 X-ray-nondetected ERQs at high mid-infrared (MIR) luminosities of ν
L

ν,6 μm ≳ 3 × 1046 erg s−1. By stacking the X-ray observations, we find that the nondetected ERQs are on average underluminous in X-rays by a factor of ∼10 for their MIR luminosities. We consider such X-ray weakness to be due to both heavy gas absorption and intrinsic factors. Moreover, we find that the X-ray-weak sources also display higher-velocity outflows. One option to explain this trend is that weaker X-rays facilitate more vigorous line-driven winds, which then accelerate the [O iii]-emitting gas to kiloparsec scales. Alternatively, super-Eddington accretion could also lead to intrinsic X-ray weakness and more powerful continuum-driven outflow.
Readership of Wikipedia
Authors: Rasberry Lane , Mietchen Daniel
Published: October 2024

Various sources describe Wikipedia's popularity in different ways, including by count of its users, frequency of use, and its utility as an information resource in many fields of knowledge. The Wikimedia Foundation has claimed that Wikipedia has reached billions of readers; commercial web traffic services have ranked Wikipedia as a top-10 website by popularity; and researchers analyzing demographic surveys and user behavior metrics have described Wikipedia readers in enough detail to identify general trends. Researchers note that Wikipedia traffic data is public for examination, and also that the Wikipedia volunteer editorial community invites transparency by developing ethical guidelines to encourage analysis of Wikipedia's impact. Although Wikipedia is popular and its audience metrics are accessible, Wikipedia is unlike comparable media platforms and services in that it is rarely the target of professional, expert, or sponsored content development. We review the literature describing Wikipedia, and offer commentary on the dual nature of Wikipedia as simultaneously a popular communication channel and a media outlet with little documented recognition.
Research of the dynamics of wholesale segment concentration level in the regional pharmaceutical market
Authors: Goryachev Andrey , Urusova Leila , Kabakova Taisiya , Rusanov Sergey , Kuvshinova Natalya , Afanasiev Oleg , Lemeshchenko Elena , Davidov Sergey
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The study of the competitive environment in the pharmaceutical market is an element of the analysis of the drug supply system. The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of concentration levels in the wholesale segment of the regional pharmaceutical market.

Materials and methods: Data on market shares of key players were collected and summarized based on the executed contracts (461 contracts in total) for the supply of pharmaceutical products in the model region. For the competitive analysis of pharmaceutical distributors, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHIn) calculation method was used. We also used the method of constructing the SV matrix, which has the form of a graph consisting of four quadrants divided on the abscissa scale by the obtained values of market concentration ratios (CRSV) and on the ordinate scale by the values of Hall-Teidman indices (HTSV).

Results: Market concentration indicators in the wholesale segment of the regional pharmaceutical market indicate the formation of oligopoly. The constructed SV matrix demonstrated the dynamics of market concentration levels corresponding to the changing economic situation. Based on the results of the analysis, proposals to improve the competitiveness of regional pharmaceutical distributors were formed.

Conclusion: The study of the dynamics of market concentration indicators allowed to analyze their state, establish the vectors of their drift, and propose measures to optimize the wholesale supply of pharmaceutical goods.
Pothos deleonii (Araceae, Potheae, Pothoideae), a new species from Bukidnon, Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: Medecilo-Guiang Maria Melanie P. , Cabactulan Derek
Published: October 2024

A new species of Pothos is described and illustrated. This species is very similar to Pothos philippinensis (sheathing and leaf morphology) but differs by the inflorescence and flowers. It is closely related also to P. kingii by the deep purple inflorescence, but differs in having longer peduncle, broadly ovate-concave to cucullate spathe (which is deep wine-red when fresh to purplish-black when senescing), and the spadix that is 7/10th the entire length of the spathe.
Cryptantha whippleae (Boraginaceae), a new serpentine-adapted species endemic to northern California, U.S.A.
Authors: Simpson Michael G. , York Dana A.
Published: October 2024

Cryptantha whippleae D.A.York & M.G.Simpson (Boraginaceae) is described as new. This species is currently known to occur in serpentine barrens in the Shasta-Trinity National Forest of Siskiyou County, California, with one outlier population in possible serpentine of Lake County, California. The new species is most similar to Cryptantha grandiflora and to C. milobakeri, these three likely each others’ closest relatives. All three have a relatively large corolla limb width and similar smooth, lance-ovate to ovate, marginally rounded, acuminate and abaxially transversely flattened nutlets. Cryptantha whippleae differs from C. grandiflora in having a short, as opposed to a tall, stem height; bifurcate as opposed to trifurcate primary axis cymules; and typically 2–3 nutlets per fruit, as opposed to usually one nutlet per fruit. Cryptantha whippleae differs from C. milobakeri also in having a short, versus tall, stem height; appressed-strigose and spreading-hispid stem vestiture, as opposed to strigose only or strigose and hirsute; calyx trichomes with two distinct vestiture types, these marginally appressed hirsute and medially hispid, as opposed to calyx trichomes of one type, dense, appressed to ascending, whitish sericeous; and 2–3 nutlets per fruit, as opposed to one nutlet per fruit. Cryptantha whippleae is relatively rare and joins seven other Cryptantha species that are found on serpentine, either obligately or facultatively. Current molecular phylogenetic studies support the mostly convergent evolution of serpentine adaptation in Cryptantha, but additional studies are needed.
The genus Argopistes Motschulsky from Japan and Taiwan, with descriptions of three new species from Taiwan (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini)
Authors: Lee Chi-Feng , Chiang Ming-Yao , Suenaga Haruki
Published: October 2024

Four previously described species of Argopistes are recognized and redescribed from Japan and Taiwan: A. biplagiatus Motschulsky, 1860, A. rufus Chen, 1934, A. tsekooni Chen, 1934, and A. unicolor Jacoby, 1885. Three new species from Taiwan, A. jungchanisp. nov., A. tsouisp. nov., and A. yuaesp. nov., are described. Descriptions of species include illustrations of aedeagi, antennae, gonocoxae, abdominal ventrite VIII, and spermathecae. Argopistes rufus Chen, 1934, stat. nov. is raised to species status from a variety of A. biplagiatus Motschulsky, 1860. Argopistes coccinelliformis Csiki, 1940, syn. nov. and A. ryukyuensis Shigetoh & Suenaga, 2022, syn. nov. are proposed as junior synonyms of A. rufus Chen, 1934 Lectotypes are designated for A. undecimmaculata Jacoby, 1885, A. unicolor Jacoby, 1885, and A. biplagiatus var. rufus Chen, 1934.
Existence of solutions for Hadamard fractional nonlocal boundary value problems with mean curvature operator at resonance
Authors: Shen Teng-Fei , Liu Jian-Gen , Shen Xiao-Hui
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to study the existence of solutions for Hadamard fractional nonlocal boundary value problems with mean curvature operator at resonance. Based on the coincidence degree theory, some new results are established. Moreover, an example is given to verify our main results.