bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Oxygen Concentration Delivered via Nasal Cannula on Different Lung Conditions: A Bench Study
Authors: Tseng Hui-Yun , Yang Shih-Hsing , Chiang Han-Sun
Published: September 2021

Background: Measuring the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) is challenging in spontaneously breathing patients with impaired respiratory mechanics during low-flow nasal cannula. Our study investigates the FiO2 with varied tidal volume (VT) and respiratory rate (RR) among different lung mechanics and provides equations to estimate the FiO2. Methods: Two training and test lungs were used in this study, and the three lung mechanics (normal (R5/C60), restrictive (R20/C80), obstructive (R5/C40)) were designed. Spontaneous breathing with VT (300, 500, and 700 mL) and RR (10, 20, and 30 breaths/min) was simulated. The flow rate of the nasal cannula was set to 1, 3, and 5 L per minute (LPM), and the FiO2 was measured at the carina. Results: The lowest and highest FiO2 were evident during high (700 mL) and low VT (300 mL), respectively, among normal, restrictive, and obstructive lung models. As RR increases, this decreases the FiO2. However, we found that VT and oxygen flow rate are the principal factors influencing measured FiO2 by multiple linear regression analysis. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the actual FiO2 is never as high in spontaneously breathing patients as that estimated. VT and oxygen flow rate had a substantial impact on the FiO2.
Women’s Media Use and Preferences of Media-Based Interventions on Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors in Gynecological and Obstetric Care: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Center Study in Germany
Authors: Bombana Manuela , Wittek Maren , Müller Gerhard , Heinzel-Gutenbrunner Monika , Wensing Michel
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to investigate factors affecting (1) women’s media use regarding health-related behaviors during pregnancy and lactation, (2) women’s preferences for media format, and (3) the content of media-based interventions on lifestyle-related risk factors during pregnancy and lactation. A cross-sectional observational multi-center study of pregnant and lactating women and women of childbearing age was carried out in 14 randomly selected obstetric and gynecologic care settings in the 12 most populated cities in Baden-Wuerttemberg, South-West Germany. Data from 219 surveyed women showed that older women, pregnant women, and lactating women have a higher probability of using media during pregnancy and lactation, respectively. The majority of women preferred a combination of analog and digital media-based interventions in gynecological (46.9%) and obstetric (47.1%) care settings and at home (73.0%). Women would like to see information brochures and flyers on health-related behaviors during pregnancy and lactation for use in gynecological and obstetric care settings, and for media use at home, they would like to have books. The probability of preferring the favored media formats in gynecological and obstetric care settings and at home were associated with pregnancy status, relationship status, socioeconomic status (SES), ethnicity, and health insurance status. About 80% of the surveyed women preferred media content regarding recommendations for a healthy lifestyle and healthy behavior during pregnancy and lactation. All of the independent variables were associated with the probability of preferring a specific media content. The SES was found to play a major role in the probability of preferring a specific media content, followed by pregnancy status, ethnicity, and health insurance status. The results from our study provide a basis for tailored preventive interventions in gynecological and obstetric care settings and for use at home. The results imply that a woman can be reached before conception, during pregnancy, or during lactation with preventive measures tailored to their requirements; however, acceptance may vary across personal attributes, such as SES, ethnicity, and others.
Successful Reboot of High-Performance Sporting Activities by Japanese National Women’s Handball Team in Tokyo, 2020 during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Initiative Using the Japan Sports–Cyber Physical System (JS–CPS) of the Sports Research Innovation Project (SRIP)
Authors: Ogasawara Issei , Hamaguchi Shigeto , Hasegawa Ryosuke , Akeda Yukihiro , Ota Naoki , Revankar Gajanan S. , Konda Shoji , Taguchi Takashi , Takanouchi Toshiya , Imoto Kojiro , Okimoto Nobukazu , Sakuma Katsuhiko , Uchiyama Akira , Yamasaki Keita , Higashino Teruo , Tomono Kazunori , Nakata Ken
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted sporting activities across the world. However, practical training strategies for athletes to reduce the risk of infection during the pandemic have not been definitively studied. The purpose of this report was to provide an overview of the challenges we encountered during the reboot of high-performance sporting activities of the Japanese national handball team during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Tokyo, Japan. Twenty-nine Japanese national women’s handball players and 24 staff participated in the study. To initiate the reboot of their first training camp after COVID-19 stay-home social policy, we conducted: web-based health-monitoring, SARS-CoV-2 screening with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, real-time automated quantitative monitoring of social distancing on court using a moving image-based artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, physical intensity evaluation with wearable heart rate (HR) and acceleration sensors, and a self-reported online questionnaire. The training camp was conducted successfully with no COVID-19 infections. The web-based health monitoring and the frequent PCR testing with short turnaround times contributed remarkably to early detection of athletes’ health problems and to risk screening. During handball, AI-based on-court social-distance monitoring revealed key time-dependent spatial metrics to define player-to-player proximity. This information facilitated appropriate on- and off-game distancing behavior for teammates. Athletes regularly achieved around 80% of maximum HR during training, indicating anticipated improvements in achieving their physical intensities. Self-reported questionnaires related to the COVID management in the training camp revealed a sense of security among the athletes that allowed them to focus singularly on their training. The challenges discussed herein provided us considerable knowledge about creating and managing a safe environment for high-performing athletes in the COVID-19 pandemic via the Japan Sports–Cyber Physical System (JS–CPS) of the Sports Research Innovation Project (SRIP, Japan Sports Agency, Tokyo, Japan). This report is envisioned to provide informed decisions to coaches, trainers, policymakers from the sports federations in creating targeted, infection-free, sporting and training environments.
Selection of Mercury-Resistant PGPR Strains Using the BMRSI for Bioremediation Purposes
Authors: González Daniel , Robas Marina , Probanza Agustín , Jiménez Pedro A.
Published: September 2021

Heavy metal pollution of soil, particularly by mercury (Hg), is a problem that can seriously affect the environment and human health. For this reason, it is necessary to take steps to remediate these environments, prevent potential adverse effects, and restore these areas for subsequent use in agriculture, industry, ranching, and forestry. The present study has selected 40 bacterial strains from rhizosphere and bulk soil that grow naturally in high Hg-contaminated soils from the Almadén mining district in Ciudad Real, Spain. With the objective of evaluating the potential use of these strains in phyto-rhizoremediation, an evaluation and statistical analysis of their PGPR (Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria) activity at different levels of Hg was carried out as the first condition of selection for their potential use in bioremediation. In addition, a Hg MBC (Maximum Bactericidal Concentration) was performed with the aim of selecting the strains with high Hg tolerance. Finally, strains with potential biotechnological use have been proposed according to the Bio-Mercury Remediation Suitability Index (BMRSI) criteria, which consider indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, acid 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase (ACCd) activity, phosphates solubilization, and siderophore production measured in the presence of Hg, as well as its MBC to Hg. The strains selected for further in vivo and in situ processes must reach at least an MBC (Hg) > 100 μg/mL and BMRSI ≥ 6.5.
Palliative Care Consultation Services on Terminally Ill Cancer Patients and Non-Cancer Patients: Trend Analysis from a 9-Year-Long Observational Study in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Ling-Hui , Lin Lian-Shin , Wang Chun-Li , Chang Yu-Chen , Lee Lung-Chun , Hu Chung-Chieh , Hsu Pi-Shan , Chu Wei-Min
Published: September 2021

Early integration of palliative care for terminally ill cancer and non-cancer patients improves quality of life. However, there are sparse data on results of palliative care consultation services (PCCS) between cancer and non-cancer patients. In this 9-year observational study, data were collected from the Hospice-Palliative Clinical Database (HPCD) of Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH). Terminally ill cancer and non-cancer patients who received PCCS during 2011 to 2019 were enrolled. Trend analysis was performed to evaluate differences in outcomes of PCCS, including duration of PCCS, the awareness of disease of patients and families before and after PCCS, status of PCCS termination, and DNR declaration before and after PCCS among cancer and non-cancer patients throughout study period. In total, 5223 cancer patients and 536 non-cancer patients received PCCS from 2011 to 2019. The number of people who received PCCS increased stably over the decade, both for cancer and non-cancer patients. The average duration of PCCS for cancer and non-cancer patients was 21.4 days and 18.4 days, respectively. Compared with non-cancer patients, cancer patients had longer duration of PCCS, less DNR declaration (82% vs. 98%, respectively), and more transfers to the palliative care unit (17% vs. 11%, respectively), or for palliative home care (12% vs.8%, respectively). Determinants of late referral to PCCS includes age (OR 0.992, 95% CI 0.987–0.996), DNR declaration after PCCS (OR 1.967, 95% CI 1.574–2.458), patients’ awareness after PCCS (OR 0.754, 95% CI 0.635–0.895), and status of PCCS termination. This 9-year observational study showed that the trend of PCCS among cancer and non-cancer patients had changed over the duration of the study, and early integration of PCCS to all patients is essential for both cancer and non-cancer patients.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Risk Factors of the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York State: Implication of Future Policies
Authors: Zheng Anran , Wang Tao , Li Xiaojuan
Published: September 2021

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading in New York State since March 2020, posing health and socioeconomic threats to many areas. Statistics of daily confirmed cases and deaths in New York State have been growing and declining amid changing policies and environmental factors. Based on the county-level COVID-19 cases and environmental factors in the state from March to December 2020, this study investigates spatiotemporal clustering patterns using spatial autocorrelation and space-time scan analysis. Environmental factors influencing the COVID-19 spread were analyzed based on the Geodetector model. Infection clusters first appeared in southern New York State and then moved to the central western parts as the epidemic developed. The statistical results of space-time scan analysis are consistent with those of spatial autocorrelation analysis. The analysis results of Geodetector showed that both temperature and population density were strong indications of the monthly incidence of COVID-19, especially in March and April 2020. There is a trend of increasing interactions between various risk factors. This study explores the spatiotemporal pattern of COVID-19 in New York State over ten months and explains the relationship between the disease transmission and influencing factors.
Comparative characteristics of the conditions for harvesting, transportation and spawning of pike perch in fish farms in Kazakhstan
Authors: Badryzlova Nina Sergeevna
Published: September 2021

A description of biotechnical methods of harvesting pike perch in natural reservoirs, methods of catching pike perch spawners, keeping in adaptation cages and transporting pike perch from fishing sites to the farm is given. Pike perch breeders were caught from the reservoirs with fixed and floating nets during the period: in the Kapshagai reservoir from 10 to 20 April; in the Syrdarya river — from April 20 to May 5. The adaptation was carried out in cages located in the coastal zone. Transportation to the fish farm was carried out in live fish tanks with a volume of 1 and 3 m³ with water aeration. The reproduction of pike perch was carried out in two fish farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data on spawning of pike perch in two ways are given: in cages on nests; as well as the receipt of reproduction products by the factory method from “flowing” producers. In the first case, females and males were placed in cages in a ratio of 1:1 and 1:2; a spawning nest was installed in each cage and spawning was monitored. In the second case, from the “flowing” pike perch breeders ready for spawning, reproductive products (eggs and sperm) were obtained, fertilization and degluing were carried out with a suspension of white clay. The monitoring of hydrochemical indicators was constantly carried out, the dates of the beginning and end of spawning of pike perch were determined. The article presents the fish-breeding and biological characteristics of pike perch producers participating in spawning. The mass of spawned pike perch females in LLP “Halyk Balyk” ranged from 2 kg to 2.5 kg, males — 1.5–2.5 kg; females weighing 2.1–2.6 kg were used in the Republican State Enterprise “Kamyshly-Bashsky Fish Hatchery”; males — from 1.2 kg to 2.4 kg. Based on the results of the research, biotechnical standards were developed for the preparation of pike perch producers in water bodies, for transportation to fish farms, standards for spawning of pike perch in various ways.
The features of the formation of state material reserves abroad
Authors: Kovaleva A.I.
Published: September 2021

The main problems of the formation of state material reserves of mobilization and civil designation abroad are considered in the article. The formation of reserves taking into account various forms of their organization is illustrated by the example of creating reserves of grain and food, rare and rare-earth metals, as well as oil.
Ecosystem of the auto manufacturer: evolution, actors and development prospects
Authors: Saginov Yuriy Leonidovich
Published: September 2021

The formation of an ecosystem of an auto manufacturer based on existing global value chains is characterized by developing complex multilateral ties among participants and attracting new players from other industries to create and implement key customer value. Based on the clarification of the basic concepts of the business ecosystem, the article discusses its transformation under the influence of external and internal factors. Using the example of leasing companies, the process of involving new actors in the ecosystem of an auto manufacturer is shown.
Segmentation of consumers in the fashion industry market in Russia
Authors: Melnikova Anastasiya Valerievna
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of consumer segments in the market of designer goods in the fashion industry. The article presents the author's segmentation of consumers with an analysis of the main characteristics of each segment. The definitions of the main concepts used by the author are given.
Documental photos
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Oreshina Polina
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to identifying and analyzing the mechanisms of traditional visual documentation of protests and the formation of images and symbols in Russian protest photography, as well as its functioning in the modern media space. In this article, we will dwell in detail both on photographs and series of specific documentary artists, and on the functioning of photographs directly in the media space, since political photography is inseparable from the fact of its use in the media. Nevertheless, we will explore visuality to a greater extent and will focus on visual images and symbols of political photography, on the individual practices of photographers in this genre.
Communication strategies and PR technologies for the formation of the country’s image (on the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan)
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Nicholas Niemczyk , Bardin Clara ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Denissova Nora ,   University of Latvia
Published: September 2021

The country’s image is becoming more and more important for scientific research. This is of great importance in the context of growing globalization. This can be explained by the fact that a positive image of a country is a valuable and promising resource for its internal and external relations. The construction of a country image is based on a common view of states, which is mainly formed in the field of mass media, where there is a wide range of tools and means. Research object: international image of the state. Subject of research: factors and communication strategy for the formation of the international image of the state. The purpose of the study is to create an effective communicative strategy for the formation of the country’s international style on the basis of the analysis of the moments of style and the study of the skill of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Achievement of the established goal implies the formulation and conclusion of a number of research tasks that reflect the project of work. The methodological basis of the study is substantiated by the task of conducting an all-encompassing analysis of the process of forming the country’s style within the framework of a political science study, based on the strategy of methodological synthesis, based on: the method, the method of historical retrospective, the logical and methodological foundations of historicism, the methodological toolkit of systemic and structural-functional layouts. The proposed work examines the process of creating a positive image state using positioning as the main method of formation and communication strategy to facilitate its development. This aspect deserves detailed scientific and practical research. As part of the study, the existing theoretical developments in the field of building and positioning the image are considered, the main factors in the formation of a national international image and strategies for its dissemination are identified, this issue is analyzed. The actual implementation of the concept is carried out on the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Poland on the map: theme of Central Europe, the geographic mentality and media self-portrait of the country
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Makarova Mariia M.
Published: September 2021

The article reveals the results of a study on the place and the role of Poland in the CEE region and the specifics of the “Jagiellonian version” of Central Europe. Based on recent (2019-2021) publications in major Polish media of various political orientations, a conclusion is drawn about political and social trends in Polish society, which is nowadays characterized by a high degree of polarization
PERBAIKAN SISTEM KERJA BERDASARKAN ASPEK BIOMEKANIKA DI PT. CRESCO INDONESIA
Authors: Norina Rida , Adriyanti Erina
Published: September 2021

PT. Cresco Indonesia is one of the companies that concerned in the Japanese slipper sandals industry in West Java, which was established in 1989. In order to responses to demanding costumer, PT. Cresco Indonesia applies â€˜make to orderâ€™ strategy, so the production process will be carried out if there are any orders from consumers. The company has 13 departments. Based on observations has known that there are 4 departments that have a potential to cause an accidents work, they are the happo department, the shiage department, the quality control department and the packing department. The beginning measurements of RULA and REBA out of four departments show the results of high risk action levels. To improve the situation, work system improvements must be made. This study intends to improve the body's posture and work system currently, so that the design of tools for the movement of baskets in the shiage and quality control departments, grouping and labeling in baskets in the happo department as well as improve the order of the process of lifting goods in the packing department. Work system improvement is carried out using biomechanics theory. The final result of the design shows the value of RULA and REBA of operators is low risk, minimizes the value of defects in the happo department, reduces the activities of finding baskets in the happo department, minimizes the time of movement from the shiage department to the quality control department, improves the way of lifting goods in the packing department and fix up the posture of the operators
PENENTUAN SKALA PRIORITAS TIPE RUMAH DENGAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: Nurhayati Ai
Published: September 2021

Perumahan ideal tergantung dari persepsi konsumen. Masalah pemilihan tipe rumah merupakan kajian yang menarik bagi pihak developer. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan skala prioritas pemilihan rumah berdasarkan tingkat kepentingannya dan mengurutkan faktor dari bobot tertinggi sampai terendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode AHP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada enam variabel yang diteliti yaitu faktor keamanan, lingkungan hijau, kemudahan akses transportasi, desain rumah, sarana olah raga dan dekat tempat layanan kesehatan. Berdasarkan uji konsistensi, tingkat prioritas tertinggi adalah rumah yang dekat dengan tempat layanan kesehatan.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM MEREK DALAM HUKUM INDONESIA TERHADAP PEMENUHAN KETENTUAN TRIPS- WTO
Authors: Sudjana Sudjana
Published: September 2021

Indonesia needs to apply the TRIPs-WTO Agreement in its national law because it has ratified the International Agreement through Law No. 7 of 1994. Therefore, this study raises issues regarding the application of the provisions of the WTO TRIPs Agreement on Trademarks in Indonesian Positive Law, and the Obstacles to the Indonesian Trademark Law in fulfilling the requirements in law enforcement as stipulated in the TRIPs-WTO agreement. The approach method used is juridical normative or doctrinal through a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The research was conducted through literature studies to examine primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials as well as data analysis methods carried out through qualitative normative. The results of the study show that the provisions of the TRIPs-WTO Agreement on Trademarks have been applied in Indonesian Positive Law and even exceed the minimum standards required by the International Agreement. The obstacles to the Indonesian Trademark Law to meet the requirements in law enforcement as stipulated in the TRIPs-WTO Agreement include legal substantiations, legal structures and legal culture of society.
Streamflow and Tidal Dynamics in the Lower Pee Dee Basin: Hurricane Impacts
Authors: Williams Thomas , Song Bo , Hitchcock Daniel , O'Halloran Thomas
Published: September 2021

Over past years, extreme tropical storm events along the North and South Carolina coasts—and subsequent river flooding—have warranted the need for a better understanding of the hydrologic response to these events to protect life, property, businesses, and natural and cultural resources. Our focus in this study is the Pee Dee and Waccamaw River systems, which ultimately flow into Winyah Bay near Georgetown, South Carolina. River flows, coupled with the tidal nature of these freshwater systems, are complex and difficult to predict. The objective of the work is to analyze publicly available data from gauging stations along those river system as measured during Hurricanes Matthew and Florence and Tropical Storm Bertha—three uniquely different storm systems that produced varying rainfall depth, duration, and intensity across the Pee Dee Basin. The most important factor in tidal river analysis is the location of the stagnation point , where downstream river flow exactly balances upstream tidal flow. River flow only controls water level upstream of a tidal stagnation point, while ocean tide controls the water level downstream of a tidal stagnation point. An analysis of major flooding following Hurricanes Matthew, Florence, and Tropical Storm Bertha was used to determine the river flows associated with tidal stagnation at each stream gauge active during these storms. A major limitation of the analysis was a lack of flow data for the tidal channels in Georgetown County, which resulted in uncertainty in the flow associated with stagnation and uncertainty in the role played by each of the creeks that connect the Pee Dee and Waccamaw Rivers. Ignorance of the roles of these creeks most limited understanding of the relative importance of Pee Dee and Waccamaw flow to cause stagnation near Pawleys Island and Hagley gauges on the Waccamaw River and the Socastee gauge on the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF INFORMATION PERCEPTION IN THE ONLINE MODE
Authors:   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G.F. Morozov, Novikova Z.N.
Published: September 2021

This article examines the psychological features of the perception of information online and offline, the formation of a visual image and its connection with verbal information. The same image placed in different contexts can acquire dissimilar, often opposite meanings. This duality leads to divergent thinking. In most cases, visual images are combined with a verbal message and creolized texts are formed.
DIGITALIZATION OF HUMANITARIAN DISCIPLINES IN A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY: DIFFICULTIES AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G.F. Morozov, Chuchupal V.V.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the use of modern information technologies in the educational process of higher education. The article analyzes the difficulties faced by teachers of humanities, indicates the most optimal ways to overcome these difficulties and the synthesis of analog and digital learning formats.
Metode Penyapihan Ventilasi Mekanik Di Intensive Care Unit: Studi Literatur
Authors: Sarinti Sarinti , Utami Reni Sulung , Prasetyo Awal
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang : Pasien di ICU ( Intensive Care Unit ) yang membutuhkan bantuan ventilasi mekanik hampir mencapai 30% dari total pasien. Ventilasi mekanik yang digunakan dalam jangka panjang dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya mortalitas, dan ventilator associated pneumonia sehingga diperlukan perencanaan penyapihan yang tepat.  Tujuan : Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi metode penyapihan pasien dari ventilasi mekanik di ICU. Metode : Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui database Google scholar dan Google search dengan menggunakan kata kunci weaning mechanical ventilation, weaning protocol, critical care nursing. Literatur yang digunakan dari tahun 1997-2015 dalam bentuk full text. Literatur yang sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dianalisis secara narasi. Hasil: Penelusuran mendapatkan 7 artikel penelitian yang menunjukkan metode penyapihan pasien dari ventilasi mekanik. Metode penyapihan dari ke 7 artikel tersebut adalah metode protokol dan non protokol. Metode non protokol misalnya physician direct weaning ( PDW ) dan collaboration weaning plan ( CWP ). Metode penyapihan dengan protokol antara lain : nurse` protokol directed weaning ( NPDW ) dan protokol base weaning ( PBW ). Kesimpulan : Metode penyapihan protokol menunjukkan hasil lebih efektif dibandingkan metode non protokol. Kata Kunci: Penyapihan Ventilasi Mekanik, Protokol Penyapihan, Keperawatan Kritis Methode of Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Intensive Care Unit : Study Literature ABSTRACT Back ground : patients in the ICU who require mechanical ventilation assistance almost 30% of the total patients. Mechanical ventilation is used in the long term can increase the risk of mortality and ventilator associated pneumonia so that proper planning is necessary weaning. Objectives : the literature study aims to identify methods of weaning patients from mechanical ventilation in the ICU. Methods : the literature study search pass through by Google scholar and Google search using keywords weaning mechanical ventilation, weaning protocol, critical care nursing. Literature is used from the year 1997-2015 in the form of full text. Appropriate literature inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed narrative. Results : search get 7 articles studies showing methods of weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. Method of weaning to the article 7 is the method protocol and non-protocol. Methods of non protocols eg physician-direct weaning ( PDW ) and collaboration weaning plan ( CWP ). Methods of weaning protocols include: nurse` protocol directed weaning (NPDW) and protocols base weaning ( PBW ). Conclusion : the method of weaning protocol shows the results more effective than non - protocol methods Key word : weaning mechanical ventilation; weaning protocol; critical care nursing
Love at Last Sight :Dating, Intimacy, and Risk in Turn-of-the-Century Berlin
Authors: Beilinson Orel
Published: September 2021

Book Review
Radio as Art: Concepts, Spaces, Practices
Authors: Brown Bree'ya
Published: September 2021

book review
Reading and Rebellion in Catholic Germany, 1770-1914
Authors: Ford Natalie
Published: September 2021

Book Review
Labyrinthische Erzählweisen in Friedrich Dürrenmatts Der Winterkrieg in Tibet
Authors: Sommer Oliver
Published: September 2021

In Friedrich Dürrenmatts Der Winterkrieg in Tibet werden durch den Begriff Labyrinth autobio- und historiographischeErzählweisen reflektiert. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, wie der Erzähler der Rahmenerzählung in Der Winterkrieg in Tibet diekulturellen Praxen, autobio- und historiographische Texte zu schreiben, problematisiert. Beide Praxen reflektiert er, indem ersich mit ihnen anhand der (Denk-)Figur des Labyrinths metaphorisch auseinandersetzt. Endgültige oder eindeutige Erklärungenauf bestimmte Fragestellungen oder Problemfelder zu entwickeln, ist ein Vorgang, den diese Poetik kritisch beleuchtet. Mehrere, mehrdeutige und unabgeschlossene, wenngleich sich widersprechende Erzählungen über denselben Sachverhalt wertet der Textdagegen bei genauerer Betrachtung der von der Forschung bisher unzureichend untersuchten Rahmenerzählung im Winterkrieg in Tibet auf.
Europa und Erinnerung. Erinnerungsorte und Medien im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert
Authors: Guboglo Anna
Published: September 2021

Book Review
The Conquest of Ruins: The Third Reich and the Fall of Rome
Authors: Jacobson Sarah
Published: September 2021

Book Review
Asperger’s Children: The Origins of Autism in Nazi Vienna
Authors: Lanz Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Book Review
GERAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Mansur Monteiro de Barros Samira
Published: September 2021

The problems arising from construction and demolition waste have always been in our country. The civil construction industry is the sector that generates the most waste that impacts society and is the one that consumes the most raw materials. As a result, it is necessary and extremely important that there is a sustainable management of construction waste. The irregular dispositions of these residues cause many negative impacts to the environment, since they are often thrown in vacant lots, permanent preservation areas, roads and public places, harming the quality of life of the population. Recycling can generate a significant economic advantage in relation to the final destination both in regular deposits and mainly in relation to the irregular ones that cause so much damage to the environment. This study sought to collect information on the current situation on construction waste. And in order to be developed, the present work used bibliographic research in books, specialized magazines, periodicals, and electronic media. Concluding in the final considerations, in which vital points of the research are presented followed by the stimulations the continuity of the studies and the reflections on the generation of solid residues in the civil construction.
COLABORAÇÃO PREMIADA E SUA APLICABILIDADE NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO COM O ADVENTO DA LEI 12.850/2013 LEI DO COMBATE AO CRIME ORGANIZADO
Authors: GUSTAVO LOBATO DOS SANTOS NOÉ
Published: September 2021

The Awarded Collaboration is part of a new phase of procedural development in the criminal legal scenario, which has brought benefits in the fight against organized crime and systemic corruption implanted in the country, for decades. This article aims to analyze in the scope, the winning collaboration and its applicability in the Brazilian legal system with the advent of Law 12.850 / 2013 (Law to Combat Organized Crime). This research is scientific and will be of a qualitative approach aiming to generate knowledge for the elaboration of the monographic text as a course conclusion work, through the deductive approach method, it corresponds to the discursive extraction of knowledge from general premises applicable to concrete hypotheses, once that the researcher will establish relations from the general to the particular, based on logical reasoning, arrive at the truth of what he proposes. Anyway, what we have with the awarded plea bargain (awarded collaboration) in the form of Law 12.850 / 2013, is a very powerful and efficient instrument to fight organized crime, be it low-caste organized crime to high-caste organized crime, and mainly organized crime cast in the walls of the National Congress and the Planalto Palace, as seen with the results of the “lava jet” task force.
MARKETING NO FUTEBOL: UM RELATO DO MARKETING PESSOAL DO LATERAL ZECA
Authors: DA SILVA GIMENES ALINE
Published: September 2021

To think of sports in Brazil is to think of soccer. A passion that connects thousands of Brazilians, regardless of race, age or sex. A soccer team is not just a team, because the players that make it up become great myths and heroes in the eyes of the general public. The image of the athlete creates an identity for both the club and the fans, yielding big contracts and personality references. In this sense, this article explores this personal marketing scenario, of left winger José Carlos Cracco Neto, better known as Zeca. The young athlete, 23 years old, is a reference in the position and was a starter in the Brazilian team in the conquest of the unprecedented title of the 2016 Rio Olympics. Thus, this paper is built from concepts established by authors related to the theme, supported by three interviews: the athlete under study, as the main source, along with the marketing professionals Alex Fernandes, coordinator of Institutional partnerships of Santos Futebol Clube and Vinicius de Paula, marketing manager of the São Paulo country club, Mirassol F.C
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DO ESTADO POR DANOS DECORRENTES DE ATOS JUDICIAIS
Authors: ARAUJO TEIXEIRA DA SILVA RAPHAELA
Published: September 2021

The civil liability of the State for damages resulting from judicial acts is a subject much debated in the scope of jurisprudence and doctrine. As it is known the discussion on the civil liability of the State is old and extends to the present day, throughout history an attempt has been made to analyze the breadth of this type of liability and its impacts on society, and with the damages arising from non-judicial acts it was different. Although the institute of civil liability is comprehensive, this work will restrict itself to the discussion around the possibility of state liability in indemnity actions arising from judicial acts, whether due to judicial acts or judicial acts, will present favorable arguments and unfavorables present in the doctrine and jurisprudence on the subject, as well as the analysis in the concrete case of an action for damages.
Lake Baikal Water Balance under the Conditions of Regulated Water Regime
Authors:   Sinyukovich V.N.
Published: September 2021

The Lake Baikal water balance components and their variability during the period after the lake regulation with the Irkutsk Hydro Power Station dam (1962—2008) have been calculated. The obtained assessments characterize relationship between water input and output in the lake during the years of disturbed water regime and reflect the occurred alterations of individual elements. The necessity of upgrading of the balance main items calculated schemes associated with a stable positive discrepancy has been mentioned.
Registration of Water Bodies’ Pollution with Urban Runoff in the Schemes of Water Bodies Integrated Use and Protection
Authors:   Fyodorova Y.V., Karpunina O.P., Maksimchuk N.S.
Published: September 2021

Outcomes of calculation of pollutants mass discharge from the developed territories are given, they have been compared with the pollutants mass supplied from point industrial sources, measures aimed to mitigate negative impact of discharge from catchment on the surface waters quality formation have been given.
Control of Water Disposal by Water Quality Study at the Background and Control Reaches
Authors:   Mikheyeva S.V., Rozental O.М.
Published: September 2021

Possibility to control pollutants discharge to a watercourse according to the observation results at the background and control reaches has been investigated. This problem as being important in the conditions of governmental control bodies’ limited rights to visit industrial enterprises has been solved with taking into account the spatio-temporal variability of water quality indicators. It has been demonstrated that the satisfactory precision of control can be achieved provided that information on admixture concentration distribution function is available. A superstructure for Excel has been formed; it permits to register promptly any fact of performance/infringement of the standing regulations by a water user with automatic input of initial data.
Influence of “Postponed” Pollution upon Water Bodies Hydro/chemical Regime Formation (Kirovo-Chepetsk Industrial Center as a Study Case)
Authors:   Lepikhin A.P., Lyakhin Y.S.
Published: September 2021

The paper considers specific features of the Yelokhovka River hydro/chemical regime formation under the influence of a major chemical plant and the scale and intensity of previously formed pollution supply to water bodies is assessed.
The Influence of the By-Laws in Shaping Intended Societal Behaviour: A Case Study in Kelantan
Authors: Nurudin Suzei Mat , Zain Dr. Zarina Mohd , Khalid Nor Suhaiza Md , Safiin Rasukhan
Published: September 2021

Local government is the closest level of government to the local community and identified as the third level of government after the federal and the state government. Local government are regulated under the Local Government Act 1976 and each has their own power to enact by-laws under their respective administration area. By-laws is a formulation of the law under the jurisdiction of local government in performing its duties and functions covering the administrative area that has been identified by the state government. Some of the by-laws play a part in shaping the behavior of the societies, especially in local government areas which are quite different approach such as Kota Bharu Municipal Council of Islamic Cities (MPKB-BRI) and others local government located at Kelantan. By-laws implemented by local government in Kelantan are very much different compared to local government in other states in Malaysia which is the provisions of the by-laws that focused on Islamic by-laws such as ban on unisex salons, enforcement of board guidelines advertisement that prohibit an advertisements that do not cover the aurat and the enforcement of proper clothing covering the aurat among the Muslim community and dressing politely for non-Muslims that suggests the aurat closure and wearing appropriate clothing among traders, business premises owners and also the societies. The objective of this study is to review the extent and impact of the by-laws implemented by local government at Kelantan in influencing and shaping the behavior of the local societies to become guideline for the other local government at Malaysia.

Keywords: Local Government, By-laws, Islamic By-laws & Jurisdiction
Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies of Developing Countries: A Comparative Study in Malaysia and Nigeria
Authors: Zain Zarina Mohd , Md. Khalid Nor Suhaiza , Nurudin Suzei Mat , Ajimi Arnida , Onimisi Timothy
Published: September 2021

Poverty in Nigeria is chronic and on a continuous rise. The total population of the country's citizens living below the $1 a day threshold is on the increase despite the growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in recent years. The ineffective implementation of the various poverty alleviation policies has hindered the investment opportunities in education, health, agriculture, and the economy that would ordinarily increase the citizens' productivity. In Malaysia for instance as far back as the 1970s, it developed its poverty line after making poverty eradication the top priority of the government's national policy and using the assessments of the minimum consumption level of an average household basic needs of life such as shelter, food, clothing and other non-food needs (Hatta, & Ali, 2013). The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Malaysia was worth 364.70 billion US dollars in 2019, according to official data from the World Bank (Trading Economic, 2020). It shows an increase since the past 10 years where the GDP in 2010 was 295.95 billion US dollar. Now, the GDP value of Malaysia represents 0.30 percent of the world economy. Malaysia's economy registered a growth of 4.3% in 2019, 0.4% better than previous year (2018:4.7%). Looking at the data however, the unemployment rate in Malaysia climbed to 4.8 percent in November 2020 from 3.2 percent in the corresponding month of the previous year, amid the severe impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of unemployed jumped 48.7 percent from a year earlier to 764.4 thousand, while employment declined by 0.8 percent to 15.20 million. Meantime, the labor force rose 0.8 percent to 15.96 million. In October 2020, the jobless rate was at 4.7 percent (Department of Statistics in Malaysia, 2020).

Keywords: Poverty Alleviation; Policy; Developing Countries.
Corporate Tax Avoidance of Malaysian Public Listed Companies: A Multi-Measure Analysis
Authors: Mohanadas Nirmala Devi , Abdullah Salim Abdullah Sallehhuddin , Ramasamy Suganthi
Published: September 2021

While the topic of corporate tax avoidance has been experiencing ceaseless attention among researchers, its empirical aspect is still facing the challenge of constructing a single universally accepted measure of such practice. Due to the confidential nature of tax returns, most empirical studies have had to rely on financial statements information to developed proxy measures such as effective tax rates (ETRs) and book-tax differences (BTDs) (Hanlon & Heitzman, 2010). Nevertheless, these proxies possess their individual advantages as well as limitations. Such available choices may therefore cause confusions to the researchers in choosing the most suitable measure for their corporate tax avoidance studies. As the mainstream studies on corporate tax avoidance have focused mostly on developed economies like the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, there is a scarcity of such studies in developing countries (Salihu et al., 2015). The unique jurisdictional nature of tax laws and enforcement systems hinder the extant findings' applicability on less economically-developed countries, especially those highly dependent on their corporate income tax revenue which is especial true with regard to Malaysia (Mohanadas et al., 2020). Though not as abundant in numbers, extant published studies had found that Malaysian public listed companies were indeed being consistently tax-avoidant since the 1990s. Nevertheless, these studies had respectively employed only a single measure of corporate tax avoidance. Indeed, nearly all had used variations of ETR while only a few had applied BTD measures. Their mutually exclusive application of ETR and BTD measures could negatively impact their findings' ability to capture tax-deferring corporate strategies (Hanlon & Heitzman, 2010; Lennox et al., 2013). It thus worsened the risk of potential distortion in the results of tax avoidance level which would led to flawed conclusions being made. In view of the above, this study seeks to measure corporate tax avoidance level of Malaysian public listed companies for the years 2015 until 2019 using both ETR and BTD measures. Furthermore, this study aims to analyse how closely these two measure are related in their respective appraisals of the companies' tax avoidance level.

Keywords: Corporate Tax Avoidance; GAAP ETR; Cash ETR; Total BTD; Permanent BTD.
Uñas de Lindsay
Authors: Vargas-Rubio Víctor Alonso
Published: September 2021

Mujer  de  69  años  con  enfermedad  renal  crónica  estadio V en hemodiálisis por nefropatía diabética e hipertensión arterial,  acudió  al  Servicio  de  Emergencia  de  nuestro hospital por fiebre, malestar general, disuria, polaquiuria, náuseas y vómitos; y, con funciones vitales estables y una coloración blanquecina en la mitad proxi   al de las uñas y una coloración marrón en la mitad distal.
Salomón Wilfredo Zavala Sarrio (1933-2021) Un recuerdo y un homenaje póstumo al maestro y amigo
Authors: Juárez-Severino Eddy Luz
Published: September 2021

El Dr. Salomón Wilfredo Zavala Sarrio, nació en la ciudad de Tarma, un 8 de abril del año 1933, realizó sus estudios secundarios becado en el Colegio América-Callao High School.
Approccio sistemico applicato a territori siti UNESCO
Authors: Bistagnino Luigi
Published: September 2021

Um bem histórico ou um território específico foi lentamente moldado ao longo dos anos por uma ação coletiva que o consolidou, e que hoje podemos apreciar e usufruir. Contudo, essa percepção vem sendo gradualmente modificada pela exploração comercial superficial e individualista, prejudicando o meio ambiente e a população local. Esse foi o motivo pelo qual o projeto apresentado nesse artigo foi desenvolvido. Para tanto, foram selecionados três territórios, localizados ao sul da cidade de Turim – Itália, considerados como Patrimônio Cultural pela UNESCO. O objetivo foi despertar a consciência de que é possível valorizar os bens deixados como herança e, concomitantemente, promover o bem-estar dos habitantes locais inseridos em seu contexto social, cultural, produtivo e econômico. Por meio da aplicação da metodologia do Design Sistêmico, foi possível: i) compreender, de maneira holística, os territórios envolvidos; ii) verificar que grande parte da produção dos alimentos consumidos é advinda do exterior, o que provoca problemas de saúde e prejuízos à economia local; iii) redefinir o sistema territorial de produção de alimentos, satisfazendo as exigências alimentares da população, gerando novos postos de trabalho e fonte de renda. A Abordagem Sistêmica traz uma riqueza de recursos, comportamentos e relações sociais que envolvem aqueles que visitam um lugar desconhecido, incentivando-os a voltar para viver novas experiências, um turismo experiencial que participa do ritmo de vida no território, uma relação cultural enriquecedora, e não um surto turístico superficial.
Editorial
Authors: Silva Sérgio Antônio , Álvares Correia Dias Maria Regina
Published: September 2021

Editorial