bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran hasil pemeriksaan endoskopi pada pasien dispepsia di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Sanglah tahun 2015
Authors: Putra Anak Agung Gde Waisampayana , Wibawa I Dewa Nyoman
Published: November 2020

Background: Dyspepsia is recurrent and persistent pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen. Dyspepsia can be divided into two, which are organic dyspepsia and functional dyspepsia, respectively. Endoscopy is one of the recommended diagnostic tools for dyspepsia. This study aims to describe the endoscopic results in dyspeptic patients at Sanglah General Hospital.Method: The quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. This study used secondary data from medical records. The sample population of this study was patients with dyspepsia who undergone endoscopy procedure at the Sanglah Central General Hospital in 2015 with a total sampling method that resulted in 260 samples. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 for Windows.Results: The sex of the respondents involved in this study were male (50.8%) and female (49.2%), which have almost the same percentage. Nearly half of the study respondents were 41-60 years old (47.7%). About 92.3%, patients were organic dyspepsia and 7.7%, functional dyspepsia. While the most diagnosed endoscopic examination results were gastritis (40.0%) and found in the young age group (â‰¤ 64 years).Conclusion: Patients with symptoms of dyspepsia are mostly male, young adults, have organic dyspepsia, and the picture of endoscopic examination is dominated by gastritis at a young age.Â Latar Belakang: Dispepsia adalah nyeri yang berulang dan menetap atau rasa tidak nyaman di daerah perut bagian atas. Dispepsia dapat dibagi menjadi dua yaitu dispepsia organik dan dispepsia fungsional. Endoskopi merupakan salah satu alat diagnostik yang di rekomendasikan untuk diagnosis dispepsia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengambarkan hasil endoskopi pada pasien dispepsia di RSUP Sanglah.Metode: Desain studi penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif cross sectional dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Populasi sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien dispepsia yang melakukan endoskopi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Tahun 2015 dengan metode Total sampling yang menghasilkan 260 sampel. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 21Hasil: Jenis kelamin responden yang terlibat pada penelitian ini adalah laki-laki (50,8%) dan perempuan (49,2%) dimana memiliki persentase yang hampir sama. Hampir setengah responden penelitian berusia 41-60 tahun (47,7%). Sekitar 92,3%, pasien merupakan dispepsia organik dan 7,7%, merupakan dispepsia fungsional. Sedangkan diagnosis terbanyak pada hasil pemeriksaan endoskopi adalah gastritis (40,0%) dan ditemukan pada kelompok usia muda (â‰¤ 64 tahun).Kesimpulan: Pasien dengan gejala dispepsia sebagian besar berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia dewasa muda, memiliki dispepsia organik, dan gambaran pemeriksaan endoskopi didominasi oleh gastritis pada usia muda.
Gambaran prevalensi fraktur humerus di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia periode tahun 2015-2016
Authors: Sari Ni Kadek Dyah Devita , Asmara Anak Agung Gde Yuda
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Fracture is the cause of a high number of disabilities worldwide. One of the fractures is humerus fracture, often occur because of injury. The classic symptoms of a fracture are a history of trauma, pain and swelling in the fractured bone, deformity, and musculoskeletal malfunction. This study aims to determine the prevalence of humerus fracture in Sanglah General Hospital Centre of April 2015 - December 2016.Methods:Â A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study by secondary data was conducted among 27 medical records of the patient. The sample population of this study were all inpatients with humerus fracture at orthopaedic installation Sanglah General Hospital during April 2015â€“December 2016. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 for Windows.Results:Â Most cases were females (51.9%). The age groups of <20 years old and 20-40 years old have the highest frequency (29.6%, respectively). The students had the most common of humerus fracture (33.0%). Closed fracture prevalence was found by 77,8%, and the open fracture was 22,2% from all cases. Management of the most committed to a closed fracture is ORIF while the open fracture is having debridement ORIF as the most committed management.Conclusion:Â The most prevalence of humerus fracture at Sanglah General Hospital during the 2015-2016 period was females, age group <20 and 20-40 years old, occurred in students, and closed fracture type.Â Latar belakang: Fraktur merupakan penyebab tingginya angka kecatatan di seluruh dunia. Salah satunya fraktur humerus, sering terjadi karena cedera. Gejala klasik fraktur adalah adanya riwayat trauma, rasa nyeri dan bengkak di bagian tulang yang patah, deformitas, gangguan fungsi muskuloskletal, putusnya kontinuitas tulang dan gangguan neurovascular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan prevalensi fraktur humerus di RSUP Sanglah dari April 2015 â€“ Desember 2016Metode: Penelitian potong lintang deskriptif retrospektif dengan data sekunder dilakukan terhadap 27 catatan medis pasien. Populasi sampel penelitian ini adalah semua pasien rawat inap dengan fraktur humerus di instalasi ortopedi RSUP Sanglah selama April 2015 - Desember 2016. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 21 untuk Windows.Hasil: Sebagian besar kasus adalah perempuan (51,9%). Kelompok usia <20 tahun dan 20-40 tahun memiliki frekuensi tertinggi (masing-masing 29,6%). Para siswa memiliki proporsi fraktur humerus yang paling sering (33,0%). Prevalensi fraktur tertutup ditemukan oleh 77,8%, dan fraktur terbuka adalah 22,2% dari semua kasus. Manajemen yang paling banyak terhadap fraktur tertutup adalah ORIF sedangkan fraktur terbuka mengalami debridemen ORIF sebagai manajemen yang paling banyak.Kesimpulan: Prevalensi fraktur humerus yang paling banyak di RSUP Sanglah selama periode 2015-2016 adalah wanita, kelompok usia <20 dan 20-40 tahun, terjadi pada siswa, dan tipe fraktur tertutup.
Jejunal atresia in the newborn: three cases after resection and end-to-end anastomoses
Authors: Sukewanti Ni Made , Artana I Wayan Dharma , Putra Putu Junara , Kardana I Made , Sukmawati Made , Ariyanta Kadek Deddy
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Intestinal atresia is a common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. Jejunal atresia occurs more frequent than duodenal or colonic atresias while single atresias are most commonly encountered. Jejunal atresia is classified into 4 types: Type I (a mucosal/septal), Type II (a fibrous cord/band), Type III (blind ends are entirely separated without a fibrous cord between them and a large mesenteric defect), and Type IV (combination of atresia type I to III). This study aims to elaborate jejunal atresia in the newborn after resection and end-to-end anastomoses.Case Description:Â We report three cases of jejunal atresia consists of different types: type IV (first case), type IIIa (second case) and type I (third case). Cases were neonates born with signs of upper gut obstruction. Bile-stained vomiting was reported a few hours after birth and failed to pass meconium in the first 24 hours. Postnatal abdominal X-ray showed dilatation of the gaster and no gas present in the pelvic floor. In the third case, it showed a triple bubble sign on abdominal x-ray and a laparotomy revealed the type of jejuno-ileal atresia. Also, the resection on the atresias and end to end anastomosis were performed. Cases were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit with total parenteral nutrition. The first two cases died due to sepsis, while the third case survived.Conclusion:Â Jejunal atresia is a rare disease among newborn. All of the patients have provided resection and end-to-end anastomoses, although 2 of them did not survive.Â
Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian asfiksia neonatorum di RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar
Authors: Kurnia Bella , Suryawan I Wayan Bikin , Sucipta A.A. Made
Published: November 2020

Background: Birth asphyxia is a serious clinical problem worldwide. There are many reasons a baby may not be able to take in enough oxygen before, during, or just after birth. Birth asphyxia is the inabiity of neonates to start breathing spontaniously right after birth.Objective: This study was designed to assess the risk factors of birth asphyxia in neonates in Wangaya General Hospital.Methods: It is a case control study. The data of the newborn and mother was retrospectively collected from medical record in Wangaya Regional General Hospital between November 2018 to March 2019. It uses consecutive sampling. Bivariate analysis using chi square and multivariate analysis using logistic regresssion.Results: Bivariate analysis of risk factors of birth asphyxia that are studied are: low birth weight p value 0.000 (OR: 30.118); Number of birth p value 0,013 (OR 4,025); Prematurity p value 0.001 (OR 18.286); PROM p value 0.751 (OR 1.508); preeclampsia p value 1.000 (OR 0.804); and Cesarean Section p value 0.218 (OR 0.479). From multivariate analysis, the result was low birth weight p value 0.020; number of birth p value 0.003; prematurity p value 0.766; caesarean section p value 0,028.Conclusion: Risk factor of birth asphyxia in Wangaya General Hospital are low birth weight; number of birth (Primipara); and caesarean section.Â Latar Belakang: Asfiksia neonatorum adalah suatu kondisi yang serius di seluruh dunia. Ada beberapa penyebab dimana bayi tidak bisa mendapatkan oksigen yang cukup sebelum, selama, atau setelah lahir. Asfiksia neonatorum adalah keadaan dimana neonatus tidak dapat memulai bernafas dengan spontan segera setelah lahr.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat faktor resiko terjadinya asfiksia neonatorum pada neonatus di RSUD Wangaya.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian case control. Data neonatus dan data ibu diambil dari data rekam medis di RSUD Wangaya sejak November 2018 hingga Maret 2019. Studi ini menggunakan consecutive sampling. Analisa bivariat menggunakan chi square dan analisa multivariat menggunakan regressi logistik.Hasil: Hasil dari analisa bivariat adalah: BBLR p value 0,000 (OR: 30.118); Paritas p value 0,013 (OR 4,025); Prematuritas p value 0.001 (OR 18.286); KPD p value 0.751 (OR 1.508); Preeklampsia p value 1.000 (OR 0.804); and Bedah Caesar p value 0.218 (OR 0.479). Dari analisa multivariat, hasilnya adalah BBLR p value 0.020; Paritas p value 0.003; prematuritas p value 0.766; bedah sesar p value 0,028. Simpulan: Fakor resiko terjadinya asfiksia neonatorum di RSUD Wangaya adalah BBLR; Paritas (Primipara); and bedah sesar.
Durasi penggunaan lensa kontak dengan resiko terjadinya keratitis: tinjauan pustaka
Authors: Simanjuntak Agnes Angela Mahdalena
Published: November 2020

Introduction: An increase in the incidence of refractive disorders provides an increasing need for visual aids such as glasses and contact lenses. The use of long-term contact lenses provides a new problem which is adana keratitis which can arise with prolonged use of contact lenses.Objective: The literature review this time aims to provide a review of how long the role of contact lens use is at risk for keratitis.Conclusion: Extended use of contact lenses can increase the risk for corneal keratitis. The choice of contact lens type characteristics and duration of use is a matter that should be observed to avoid the risk of keratitis.Â Pendahuluan: Peningkatan kejadian kelainan refraksi memberikan semakin tingginya kebutuhan akan alat penunjang pengelihatan seperti kaca mata dan lensa kontak. Adanya penggunaan lensa kontak jangka panjang memberikan suatu masalah baru yang yaitu adana keratitis yang dapat muncul dengan lama penggunaan lensa kontak.Tujuan: Tinjauan pustaka kali ini bertujuan untuk memberikan suatu ulasan mengenai bagaimana peranan penggunaan lensa kontak yang panjang terhadap risiko dari keratitis.Simpulan: Penggunaan lensa kontak secara extended dapat meningkatkan risiko untuk terjadi keratitis kornea. Pemilihan karakteristik jenis lensa kontak dan durasi penggunaan menjadi hal yang patut dicermati untuk menghindari risko keratitis.
Evaluation of fracture on children in orthopaedic and traumatology division in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Central General Hospital Makassar January 2016-December 2017
Authors: Wijaya Robin Kurnia , Mustari Muhammad Nasser
Published: November 2020

Background: Fractures in children can be caused by a long term disability and decreasing quality of life in every people that involved. Factors that affect fractures incidences must be identified so that we can create prevention management. This study aims to evaluate the fractures pattern of children in orthopaedic and traumatology in dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Central General Hospital Makassar.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among children under 19 years old by collecting a medical record of patients. The prevalence and patterns of fractures were reviewed for details, such sex, range of age, causes, place of injury, single or multiple fractures, types or location of single fracture, and treatment of fractures. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results: There were 152 children in the study, and 72.3% were boys. Most common occur at the 12-18 years age group (92.8%), most of them were caused by traffic accidents (73.6%). Consequently, the location in which fractures were most prevalent was the street (76.9%). Most of them were presented as a single fracture (72.3%) dominated by closed fracture (63.6%), while distal radius/ulna (12.7%) was the most common fracture sites in this study and most patients have undergone surgery for their treatment (84.8%).Conclusion: Most of the patients were boys and caused by traffic accidents. A single and close fracture were the most common types of fracture.
Relaksasi autogenik menurunkan keluhan gastritis pada orang dengan infeksi HIV-AIDS (ODHA) di RSUD Wangaya, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Surasta I Wayan , Suardana I Ketut , Labir I Ketut
Published: November 2020

Background:Â The current society is demanded many obligations and responsibilities in daily life. This situation can affect the mental stress that leads to stress in facing many problems of life. Psychological stress has an impact on system disturbances in the digestive organs such as gastritis. People with HIV/AIDS (ODHA) are often faced with this condition, so one of the efforts that can be done is to do autogenic relaxation. This study aims to determine the differences in gastritis complaints of ODHA people before and after autogenic relaxation.Â Methods:Â A quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test without a control group was conducted among 21 respondents at Countermeasures AIDS at Badung Regency from May-September 2017. Variables assessed in this study were gender, type of works, marital status, the origin of respondents, and the symptoms of respondents before and after autogenic relaxation intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results:Â Most of ODHA patients were males (61.9%), followed by working as housewives (28.6%), marriage (81.0%), and living in North Kuta (28.6%). There was a significant difference in the average value of gastritis symptoms before (1.77) and after autogenic relaxation treatment (1.53) (p=0.002).Â Conclusion:Â Autogenic relaxation therapy can reduce the symptoms of gastritis among ODHA patients at Wangaya Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.Â Â Latar belakang: Masyarakat saat ini dituntut dengan banyak kewajiban dan tanggung jawab dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Keadaan ini akan berdampak pada tekanan mental yang mengarah pada stres dalam menghadapi banyak masalah kehidupan. Tekanan mental akan berdampak pada organ pencernaan seperti gastritis. Penderita HIV/AIDS (ODHA) kerap dihadapkan pada kondisi ini sehingga salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan relaksasi autogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keluhan gastritis pada ODHA sebelum dan sesudah relaksasi autogenik.Metode: Sebuah penelitian eksperimental-semu dengan pre-test dan post-test tanpa kelompok kontrol dilakukan terhadap 21 responden pada Penanggulangan AIDS di Kabupaten Badung dari Mei-September 2017. Variabel yang dinilai dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis kelamin, jenis pekerjaan, status perkawinan, asal responden, dan gejala responden sebelum dan sesudah intervensi relaksasi autogenik. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 17 untuk Windows.Hasil: Sebagian besar pasien ODHA adalah laki-laki (61,9%), diikuti dengan bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga (28,6%), menikah (81,0%), dan tinggal di Kuta Utara (28,6%). Ada perbedaan yang bermakna dalam nilai rata-rata gejala gastritis sebelum (1,77) dan setelah perawatan relaksasi autogenik (1,53) (p = 0,002).Kesimpulan: Terapi relaksasi autogenik dapat mengurangi gejala grastritis di antara pasien ODHA di Rumah Sakit Wangaya, Bali, Indonesia.
The endoscopy profile of patients with Gastrointestinal Bleeding (GIB) at Klungkung Regional General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia during the 2014-2018 period
Authors: Sugiarta I Gede Restu Mahendra , Sumandi I Ketut
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Gastrointestinal Bleeding (GIB) is an emergency case that often found in the condition. In Indonesia, the prevalence of GIB in the population is still unknown. Endoscopy is an examination procedure that used to see abnormalities in gastrointestinal mucosa or lumen of GIT, which is a relatively safe procedure to determine the causal of GIB. This study aims to evaluate the endoscopy profile of patients with GIB at Klungkung Regional General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia during the 2014-2018 periodMethods:Â A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the medical records of 410 patientâ€™s register who underwent endoscopy due to GIB during 2014-2018 period using total sampling technique at Klungkung Regional General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia. Variables assessed in this study included the sociodemographic of patients, type of endoscopy, and the outcome of endoscopy procedure. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 for Windows.Results:Â The highest proportion based on age were in the age of 51-60 years-old (23.4%) group. Males were predominant in this study (57.1%) compared with females (42.9%). Based on the type of endoscopy, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) examination was predominant (80.7%) compared with colonoscopy (19.3%). Superficial Gastritis was the most common findings (41.5%) from EGD, while colorectal tumours with suspected colorectal cancer and haemorrhoid (6.1%) were predominant in colonoscopy evaluation.Conclusion:Â The endoscopy profile found among patients with GIB at Klungkung Regional General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia was dominated by age 51-60 years-old group, males gender, EGD assessment, superficial Gastritis in EGD, and colorectal tumour in colonoscopy evaluation.
Procalcitonin (PCT) levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with acid fast bacilli positive and negative smear at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Fikry Dina , Loesnihari Ricke , Siagian Parluhutan
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused byÂ Mycobacterium tuberculosisÂ which enters the droplet nuclei into the mouth or nasal passages to reach the pulmonary alveoli. The sputum smear examination for smear-positive and negative smear pulmonary tuberculosis is challenging due to requiring a longer time to get the results. Therefore, a specific marker is needed that is able to detect bacterial infections immediately, such as procalcitonin (PCT). This study aims to determine the levels of PCT in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with acid-fast bacilli positive and negative smear at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia.Method:Â A cross sectional was conducted among 40 pulmonary tuberculosis patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. The subjects were 20 positive smears and 20 negative smears. PCT examination with mini VIDAS BRAHMS was carried out using the Sandwich principle using the ELFA method (Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay). Sputum examination was carried out by smear of Zhiel Neelsen smear, which was analyzed by the Mann-Whitney (Non-Parametric) test using SPSS version 17 for Windows.Â Results:Â Most of the respondents were males in both positive and negative smears group (65.0% and 70.0%, respectively) and not significantly different (P>0.05). The age of subjects was slightly older in positive smear (49.75 Â± 17.993 years) compare with negative smear group (42.50 Â± 14.816 years) but not statistically significant (P=0.172). The PCT levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with positive smear (0.1550; 21.65 ng/mL) differ significantly from the PCT levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with negative smear (0.05; 3.14 ng/mL) (p=0.0001). The cut off value using ROC found 0.06 ng/mL (AUC: 0.842) with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 80%.Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the level of procalcitonin in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who smear-positive and smear-negative.
Association between parentsâ€™ body height with stunting in children ages 1-5 years old in Nagi Primary Health Care Working Area Larantuka City, East Flores, Indonesia
Authors: Sindhughosa Wega Upendra , Arimbawa I Made
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Parents' body height is one factor associated with stunting incidence in the child. In under-five years old children, the body height is influenced by genetic factors and the environment during development periods. Short mothers are one of the factor that related to the incidence of stunting. This study aims to determineÂ the associations of parents' body height with stunting in children age 1-5 years old in Nagi Primary Health Care working area, Larantuka City.Â Â Methods:Â A cross-sectional study was conducted among 123 children age 1-5 years old who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study at Nagi Primary Health Care, Larantuka City. Data was taken from primary data and questionnaire distributed that consist of 3 main parts contains research sample characteristics, father's body height, and mother's body height. Chi-square is used to analyze the relationship between the father's body height and mother's body height with stunting. All of the data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results: Most of the respondents were female (53.7%), followed by having a normal body height (67.5%), normal body weight (97.6%),Â >155 cm of mother's body height (65.0%), andÂ >165 cm of father's body height (62.6%). In bivariate analysis, there is no relationship between father's body height with stunting (p>0.01), but statistically significant between mother's body height with stunting (p<0.01). In addition, a moderate positive correlation was found between Mid-Parental Height (MPH) with the children body weight (r=0.41; p=0.01).Conclusion: Mother's body height had a significant association with stunting incidence. In addition, the MPH also had a moderate positive correlation to the children body height.
Plasmodium falciparum Serine Repeat Antigen 5 (PfSERA5): current vaccine candidate for Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Authors: Bulaan Ayuti , Mulyani W. Riski Widya , Mahendra Agung Nova , Sumardika I Wayan
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Most of the malaria cases are caused byÂ Plasmodium falciparumÂ infection. The prevalence of cases and high mortality rates due to malaria should be watched out globally. However, currently, efforts to prevent and treat malaria suffer obstacles due to resistance to insecticides and antimalarial drugs. For these reasons, other preventive measures are needed, such as vaccines. This study aims to review theÂ Plasmodium falciparumÂ Serine Repeat Antigen 5 (PfSERA5) as a potential candidate forÂ Plasmodium falciparumÂ malaria vaccine development.Â Methods:Â Of the 65 journals reviewed, 51 journals were found to be suitable as references for this paper. The keywords included in selected search engines are "malaria" "PfSERA5", "Plasmodium falciparum", and "malaria vaccine". Search results and studies show that the erythrocytic phase of the vaccine can fight malaria parasites that escape the liver stage while reducing or eliminating clinical symptoms. Data were analyzed and written in a narrative form.Results:Â PfSERA5 is an asexual erythrocytic stage antigen that accumulates in the parasitophorous vacuole. The PfSERA5, SE47 and SE36 (modified SE47) domains can induce the formation of antibodies that protect against falciparum malaria infection in vivo and in vitro. This protective mechanism, caused by PfSERA5 (anti-SE47 and anti-SE36) specific antibodies, occurs through inhibition of parasite growth and merozoite lysis. PfSERA5 also does not show antigenic variations and has limited polymorphism, so the probability of resistance can be reduced.Â Conclusion:Â Based on this, PfSERA5 has great potential as an effective erythrocytic phase vaccine candidate. However, further studies are needed regarding the toxicological and pharmacological properties of PfSERA5, both in vivo and in clinical settings.
Iron-deficiency anemia: a review of diagnosis and management
Authors: Widiada Putu Amanda
Published: November 2020

Background: Anemia is the most common medical problem encountered in daily practice. It is a significant health problem, especially in developing countries that have a high prevalence. Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is anemia that arises due to decrease in iron supply for erythropoiesis regarded with lack of iron storage that consequently leads to reduced haemoglobin formation.Aim: This literature review aims to review diagnosis to the management of IDA.Conclusion: IDA has severe and detrimental health effects. Complete history taking, physical examination, and laboratory test need to be done thoroughly to be able to establish the diagnosis of IDA as well as to determine its cause. Currently used therapies include oral iron therapy which is the first-line therapy, intravenous iron therapy, and blood transfusion.Â
Testicular tunica vaginalis grafting for the treatment of Peyronieâ€™s disease: a case report
Authors: Husein Rahmat , Pratanu Antono
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Peyronieâ€™s disease (PD) is a progressive fibrotic tissue disorder of the penile tunica albuginea. PD can cause the formation of fibrous plaques, penile deformity, pain during erection, penile curvature, and erectile dysfunction (ED). Surgical treatment is the gold standard in PD because it is a fast and reliable therapy. There are many surgical options for PD such as plication procedures, incision and grafting procedures, and implantation of penile prosthesis. There are three types of graft material have been reported: autologous graft, xenograft and synthetic graft. Considering the higher rate of infections, inflammatory reactions and allergies, synthetic grafts are rarely used. Autologous graft is currently widely used because of the incidence of inflammatory reactions and low allergic reactions. Tunica vaginalis grafts are rarely used widely. Testicular tunica vaginalis was first reported as an autologous graft in 1980.Case Report: A 53-year-old man comes to the urology clinic at Sidowaras Hospital complaining of pain during erection and erection cannot be straight. This complaint has been felt since a few months ago but the patient ignored it. An assessment of ED with International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 score obtained a score of 12 (mild-moderate dysfunction). Physical examination found a curvature of the penis around 700 and in palpation there was a hard lump on the dorsal penis. After the diagnosis was made, testicular tunica vaginalis grafting procedure was performed on this patient. At a 6-month re-evaluation after surgery, patient-reported reduced penile pain on erection with improved erectile function score (IIEF)-5 score 21 (mild dysfunction).Conclusion: Testicular tunica vaginalis grafting was chosen because it is feasible and safe for patient with PD. Testicular tunica vaginalis Grafting used due to their easy incorporation into host tissue and few incidences of local inflammatory reaction.
Efficacy of topical steroid therapy for phimosis treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Rendy Andika , Rodjani Arry , Wahyudi Irfan
Published: November 2020

Background: Circumcision is the gold standard in the management of phimosis cases. Nowadays, there is some basic science research that showed topical steroid might be used to decrease the morbidity of phimosis cases. This research aims to determine which management is more effective in treating phimosis by using a systematic evidence-based medicine approach.Methods: Literature searching was done to find journals that are deemed appropriate for these cases. We included 3 RCT studies in this review. Critical appraisal was conducted to determine the efficacy of topical steroid. We compared those two methods in managing cases of phimosis among children.Results: Topical steroids effectively cause the preputium skin be soft and comfortable to retract. In several cases, some patients had difficulty to get retracted. For these cases, circumcision is needed.Conclusion: Topical steroid is effective in reducing the phimosis signs and symptoms, especially in patients who are younger and less than 3 years old. Further study and meta-analysis should be conducted in Indonesia to determine the effectiveness of this therapy in Indonesia.
Korelasi volume prostat terhadap derajat lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Ismy Jufriady , Safira Sarah , Zakaria Iskandar
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a health problem whose incidence ranks second highest in the field of urology. One of the cause is the more severe the complaint that arises is the heavier prostat volume which can cause the iritative and obstructive symptoms or better known as lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS) which will be assessed based of international prostate symptoms score (IPSS). This study aims to determine prostate volume correlation with lower urinary tract symptoms severity in RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Knowledge of the volume of the prostate is important in management of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.Method: This study uses the Cross Sectional design by selecting respondents in accidental sampling with a total of 31 patient. The data obtained were then analyzed by the Spearman test.Result: The univariat data shows that 18 patient (58.1%)Â  are in Grade III (31-50 cc) and the most coming patient have LUTS scoring symptoms level on moderate (8-19) are 12 patient (38.7%) and severe symptoms (20-35) are 17 patient (54.8%). The results of prostate volume with lower urinary tract symptoms data analysis show that the p-value = 0.323 (p>0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the prostate volume doesnâ€™t have correlation with lower urinary tract symptoms severity in patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia in RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh.Â Latar Belakang: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang insidensinya menempati urutan kedua tertinggi di bidang urologi. Salah satu penyebab semakin beratnya keluhan yang muncul adalah semakin besarnya volume prostat dan dapat menyebabkan gejala klinis berupa gejala iritatif dan obstruktif atau lebih dikenal dengan lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) yang akan dinilai berdasarkan international prostate symptoms score (IPSS). Metode: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi volume prostat dengan derajat lower urinary tract symptoms di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Pengetahuan tentang volume prostat sangat penting dalam menangani pasien-pasien dengan benign prostatic hyperplasia. Studi ini menggunakan desain Cross Sectional dengan memilih responden secara accidental sampling dengan jumlah sebanyak 31 pasien.Hasil: Data yang didapat kemudian dianalisis dengan uji Spearman. Hasil analisis data univariat menunjukkan bahwa 18 orang pasien (58,1%) memiliki volume prostat Grade III (31-50 cc) dan paling banyak pasien yang memiliki skor derajat LUTS sedang (8-19) yaitu sebanyak 12 pasien (38,7%) dan derajat LUTS berat (20-35) sebanyak 17 pasien (54,8%). Hasil analisis data volume prostat dengan derajat LUTS menunjukkan bahwa nilai p-value = 0,323 (p>0,05).Simpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa volume prostat tidak memiliki korelasi dengan derajat LUTS pasien BPH di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh.
High ureum and creatinine level in 18-year-old male: first diagnosed with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Dwi Payana I Made , Tuti Arianthi Ni Nengah , Sila Darmana I Made
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) needs to be rapidly diagnosed and treated correctly. The classic patient characteristics were anaemia, hypertension, oedema, albuminuria and decrease of renal function. Â In a few cases, CKD can occur in an atypical patient, such as in young age.Case report: We herein report a case of an 18-year-old male with Renal failure.Â  The patient noted to be anaemic, fatigue, oedema, hypertension which is consisted of features typical of Chronic kidney disease.Â  Laboratory examination revealed low haemoglobin level, high ureum and creatinin, and albuminuria. The patient underwent hemodialysis and was given Packed Red Cell (PRC) transfusions.Conclusion: CKD had to be suspected of all age so that it can be rapidly diagnosed and treated correctly.
Foto polos abdomen megaureter kongenital pada kecurigaan cystoma ovari maligna: Laporan kasus
Authors: Matondang Rein , Margiani Ni Nyoman
Published: November 2020

Background: Megaureter defined as dilated ureter with or without dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces.Â  Megaureter is a common diagnosis in children, representing 23% of children with urinary tract obstruction. The diagnosis is more common in boys than girls, and more often is on the left side.Case description: A 17-year-old female was referred with a suspicion of malignant ovarian cystoma. On examination, the abdomen was distended.Â  Plain radiograph of the abdomen revealed ground glass appearance in abdominal-pelvic cavity suspected of abdominal mass. An ultrasound of the abdomen revealed moderate right hydronephrosis and severe left hydronephrosis. Abdominal CT Scan with contrast demonstrated grade II right hydronephrosis with proximal hydroureter and grade III-IV left hydronephrosis, no solid mass in abdomen. Gynecologyst suspected this patient with left ovarian cystic mass. During the operation, evaluation to obtained ovarian cystic mass was done, yet no mass was obtained. They found a left mega ureter from proximal to distal suspected of a congenital giant mega ureter, followed by left nefrectomy and ureterectomy.Conclusion: A ground glass appearance in plain x-ray may mimicking as hydronephrosis or gynecological mass, particularly in young female patients with suspicion of abdominal mass.Â Latar belakang: Megaureter didefinisikan sebagai ureter yang melebar dengan atau tanpa dilatasi pelvis renalis dan calix ginjal. Megaureter adalah diagnosis yang umum pada anak-anak, mewakili 23% diagnosis pada anak-anak dengan obstruksi saluran kemih. Diagnosis ini lebih sering terjadi pada anak laki-laki daripada anak perempuan, dan lebih sering di sisi kiri.Deskripsi kasus: Seorang wanita berusia 17 tahun dirujuk dengan kecurigaan sistoma ovarium maligna. Pada pemeriksaan, perut tampak distensi. Foto polos abdomen menunjukkan ground glass appearence di rongga perut-panggul yang diduga massa abdomen. Ultrasonografi abdomen menunjukkan hidronefrosis kanan sedang dan hidronefrosis kiri berat. CT-Scan abdomen dengan kontras menunjukkan hidronefrosis kanan derajat II dengan hidroureter proksimal dan hidronefrosis kiri derajat III-IV, tidak tampak massa padat di perut. Dicurigai suatu massa kistik ovarium kiri. Selama operasi, dilakukan evaluasi untuk menemukan massa kistik ovarium, namun tidak didapatkan. Ditemukan megaureter kiri dari proksimal ke distal yang diduga sebagai giant megaureter kongenital, dilanjutkan nefrektomi kiri dan ureterektomi.Kesimpulan: Suatu gambaran ground glass appearance pada foto polos dapat menyerupai hidronefrosis atau masa ginekologi terutama pada wanita muda yang dicurigai massa abdomen.
Prevalensi depresi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter semester III dan V di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana tahun 2017
Authors: Indira Ade Tsarina , Sagung Sawitri A.A , Ariastuti Luh
Published: November 2020

Background: Depression is general mental disorder which is based on the change of mood, loss of interest and fun and the drop energy. Depression can attack everyone including students.Aim: This research aimed to find out prevalence of depression in medical students semester III and V in Medical Faculty of University of Udayana.Methods: The type of research was cross-sectional descriptive research with 87 samples obtained using simple random sampling technique. This research used primary data which was obtained from questionnaire and analyzed using computer.Results: The result of the research showed that from 87 respondents, 19.54% had mild depression, 10.34% had moderate depression, and 5.75% had severe depression. Subjects in the age of â‰¤19 years old and >19 years old mostly had mild depression. Women were more often having depression than men. The number of subjects who had moderate learning pattern with mild depression was 17.6%, and subjects who had hard learning pattern with mild depression was 20.7%.Conclusion: This research concludes that dominant depression level is mild depression.Â Â Latar belakang: Depresi adalah gangguan mental umum yang ditnjukkan dengan perubahan suasana hati, kehilangan minat atau kesenangan, dan penurunan energi. Depresi dapat menyerang siapa saja termasuk mahasiswa.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi depresi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter semester III dan V di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 87 orang mahasiswa semester III dan V Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan dari kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan komputer.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 87 responden didapatkan 19.54% mengalami depresi ringan, 10.34% mengalami depresi sedang, dan 5.75% mengalami depresi berat. Subyek dengan usia â‰¤19 tahun dan >19 tahun mayoritas mengalami depresi ringan. Subyek perempuan lebih banyak mengalami depresi dibandingkan laki-laki. Subyek dengan pola belajar sedang yang mengalami depresi ringan sebanyak 17,6% dan subyek dengan pola belajar berat yang mengalami depresi ringan sebanyak 20,7%.Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tingkat depresi yang dominan adalah depresi ringan.
Gambaran umum depresi pasca stroke di Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Sanglah tahun 2015
Authors: Citrajaya Hilda , Wahyuni Anak Agung Sri
Published: November 2020

Background: Nowadays, stroke is one of the leading causes of death globally. Defects caused by a stroke such as weakness or paralysis of the body cause the patient can not undergo normal daily activities. Depression can be a factor that slows the process of recovery or rehabilitation of stroke patients and it is very important to be prevented before it gets worse.Aim: To assess the general characteristics of post-stroke depression in Neurology Outpatient Clinic of Sanglah Hospital.Methods: The design of this research is descriptive with cross sectional study design. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection in this study. The study was carried out in Sanglah Hospital Neurological Clinic on 2015. Â Results: From 49 respondents, majority were female (29 subjects or 77.6%) and 15 were male (22.4%). The results showed that the prevalence of depression reached 34.7%.conclusion: Higher prevalence of depression was found in the sample group with age 56-87 (41.7%), working as a farmer (50%), with recent or non-school primary education (60%), income less than 1 million per month (52.9%), unmarried (100%), undergoing medical rehabilitation (38.9%), first episode of stroke (40%), last episode of stroke more than 180 days (38.4%) and being hospitalized more than 10 days (39.1%).Â Â Latar belakang: Dewasa ini, stroke menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak secara global. Kecacatan yang diakibatkan oleh stroke seperti kelemahan atau kelumpuhan bagian tubuh menyebabkan pasien tidak dapat menjalani aktivitas sehari-hari dengan normal. Depresi dapat menjadi faktor yang memperlambat proses pemulihan atau rehabilitasi pasien stroke dan hal ini sangat penting untuk dicegah sebelum menjadi lebih parah.Tujuan: Untuk meneliti gambaran umum depresi pasca stroke di Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Sanglah.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross sectional). Kuesioner Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) digunakan sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini di Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Sanglah pada periode Maret-Agustus 2015.Hasil: Dari 49 orang responden, didapatkan mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan (29 orang atau 77,6%) dan 15 orang berjenis kelamin laki-laki (22,4%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi depresi mencapai 34,7%.Kesimpulan: Prevalensi depresi lebih tinggi ditemukan pada kelompok sampel dengan usia 56-87 (41,7%), bekerja sebagai petani (50%), dengan pendidikan terakhir SD atau tidak sekolah (60%), pendapatan kurang dari 1 juta per bulan (52,9%), belum menikah (100%), menjalani rehabilitasi medik (38,9%), mengalami stroke pertama kali (40%), waktu serangan stroke terakhir >180 hari (38,4%) dan lama rawat inap >10 hari (39,1%).
Hubungan kadar hemoglobin dengan kejang demam pada anak usia balita di RSUD Wangaya
Authors: Anggareni Komang Tria , Suryawan I Wayan Bikin
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang: Sekitar 2-4% anak berumur 6 bulan hingga 5 tahun mengalami kejang demam dengan puncak insiden pada usia 18 bulan. Begitu pula halnya anemia, anak usia 6 hingga 30 bulan memiliki kadar hemoglobin terendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan kejang demam.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross-sectional) dilakukan di Ruang Kaswari RSUD Wangaya pada Bulan Agustus 2019. Pasien anak usia 6 bulan hingga 5 tahun dengan demam >38oC dengan kejang atau tanpa kejang yang dirawat inap yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dimasukan ke dalam sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Analisis bivariate dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square.Hasil: Dari 46 sampel yang didapat 20 pasien (43%) merupakan kejang demam, dan 26 pasien (57%) demam tanpa kejang. Pada kedua kelompok memiliki proporsi jumlah sampel laki-laki yang tidak jauh berbeda 60% dan 69% begitu pula dengan sampel perempuan. Kelompok usia terbanyak adalah kelompok usia 1-2 tahun yang mendominasi sekitar 37% dari sampel. Sebagian besar infeksi yang mendasari adalah infeksi saluran napas yaitu sekitar 35%. Hasil dari analisis uji Chi-square didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin dan kejang demam (p<0,05).Simpulan: Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin yang rendah dengan kejang demam. Penelitian dengan rancangan prospektif perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan kadar hemoglobin sebagai faktor resiko kejang demam.
The characteristic of anxiety and depression among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali in 2016
Authors: Srinivasagam Tharsani Devi , Satriyasa Bagus Komang
Published: November 2020

Background: Anxiety and depression are some of the most prevalent mental health problems, especially among medical students. This study aims to evaluate the severity of anxiety and depression and also the prevalence of anxiety and depression faced by the students of the Medical Faculty, Universitas Udayana, Bali, IndonesiaMethods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 medical students from the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia, during January-December 2016. The variables assessed in this study were gender, nationality, the severity of anxiety and depression, frequency, causes, symptoms, and medication usage in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: The characteristic of anxiety and depression among medical students was predominant in female (55.8%), Indonesian students (57.9%), mild severity (89.5%), once in two weeks of frequency (52.6%), and exam as the primary causes (91.6%). Besides, most symptoms of anxiety and depression were headache (100.0%) following by paracetamol usage (94.7%) as medication.Conclusion: Several characteristics of anxiety and depression found among medical students were primarily related to the female Gender, Indonesian students, exam as the primary causes, headache symptoms, and paracetamol as the main medication uses to relieve the symptoms.
The effect of castration towards the microstructure of Hippocampus in Wistar rats
Authors: Tharmalingam Presanavathy P. , Karmaya Nyoman Mangku , Wardana I Nyoman Gede
Published: November 2020

Background: Male ageing is mostly referred to as the declining of the capacity of a man due to age. Even though the physical changes cause by ageing are noticeable, there are several effects of ageing in a male that are concealed by the physical appearance, such as a lower level of testosterone. This study aims to determine the effect of lower testosterone towards the neuron, neuroglia and vasculature of Hippocampus.Methods: An analytic observational study with two-group posttest-only randomized experiment with treatment was conducted among 10 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Variables assessed in this study were the number of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature of Hippocampus. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results: The average number of neuron cells of Hippocampus was significantly lower in the treatment group compared with control (p=0.007). The significantly lower in the number of neuroglia and vasculature of Hippocampus was also found in the treatment group compared with the control group (p=0.014 and 0.004, respectively) following castration.Conclusion: Hence, we can conclude that the castration has a significant effect in lowering the level of testosterone, number of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature in the Hippocampus of Wistar rats.
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis â€“ chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis: a case report
Authors: Celeste Francis , Eveline Ency
Published: November 2020

Background: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) includes several disease manifestations. Almost all cases of CPA are caused by A. fumigatus. There are several underlying diseases that predispose patients to CPA. Treatment is often individualised depending on underlying disease process and the patientâ€™s pulmonary status.Case presentation: A 57-year-old male with a history of renal transplant in the year 2006, routine on immunosuppressants, pulmonary tuberculosis relapse on anti-tuberculosis medications, aspergillosis on long term voriconazole, and DM type 2 presented with dyspnea, massive hemoptysis and productive cough 3 months before admission. Patient was diagnosed with aspergillosis in October 2012 through bronchoscopy. Microbiology result showed Aspergillus flavus. Enhanced thoracal CT result showed a cavitating nodule with soft tissue lesion in upper right lung, with fibrotic changes in the right lung and mild tubular bronchiectasis, with bilateral pleural thickening. Patient was then planned for lung resection due to the persistent pulmonary cavity. However, his clinical condition worsened and the patient passed away a few days before surgery.Conclusion: Diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis can often be challenging. The diagnosis of CPA can be inferred from a single chest radiograph. Despite this, detailed and sequentially acquired radiographic data may be required to observe both the typical radiographic features and the very slow progression of this disease. Treatment is often individualised. Azoles are the antifungal drug of choice when required.