bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Não somos selvagens: cultura política dos índios no Ceará (1799-1822) (We are not wild: Indian’s political culture in Ceará (1799-1822))
Authors: Costa João Paulo Peixoto
Published: July 2016

O espaço social imaginado para os índios na América portuguesa, entre meados do século XVIII e início do XIX, os colocava em uma ambiguidade. Mesmo estando em situação de equidade com os brancos enquanto vassalos régios, eram caracterizados como ainda sujeitos a uma espécie de “menoridade moral”. Entre a construção da imagem dessa população associada à barbárie e a ação política dessas comunidades em suas povoações, chama atenção a procura constante dos índios em identificar-se enquanto súditos do rei e merecedores dos direitos que lhes eram garantidos e que bem conheciam. Diante desses conflitos, o objetivo é contrastar a imagem de “entregues à natureza” construída pelos governadores com a cultura política dos índios vilados no Ceará, omitida dos registros do governo, apesar de sua presença latente.

 

Abstract

The social space imagined for the Indians in Portuguese America, between the mid-eighteenth century and early nineteenth century, put them in an ambiguity. Even though they are in a situation of equality with the white men known as vassals, were characterized as still subject to a kind of "moral minority". Between the construction of the image associated with this barbarism and the political action of these communities in their towns’ population, it points out the constant pursuit of the Indians in order to identify themselves as subjects of the king and deserving of rights that were guaranteed and that they knew well. Given these conflicts, the goal is to contrast the image of  “delivered to nature” which is built by the governors with the political culture of Indians in Ceará, that are omitted from the records of the government, despite its latent presence.

Keywords: Indians. Political culture. Ceará.
Memória, trauma e escrita em Diário da Queda, de Michel Laub
Authors: Sebastião Alex Keine de Almeida
Published: July 2016

Trata-se de apresentar uma leitura da obra Diário da Queda, de Michel Laub, a partir da perspectiva da transmissão da memória e de sua relação com o trauma e a escrita. A título de introdução, faz-se um breve comentário acerca da estruturação da obra e também de sua eventual classificação no gênero autobiográfico. A seguir, recolhemos fragmentos da obra que nos permitem refletir sobre algumas questões como, por exemplo, estas: como se transmite a memória entre gerações? que destino dar ao excesso de memória, à imposição de lembrar? pode-se culpar um sobrevivente da Shoah pela ausência de testemunho, pelo seu silêncio? É possível romper a transmissão do trauma?
Ficção e Guerrilha do Araguaia: elementos revisionistas no romance Palavras cruzadas, de Guiomar de Grammont
Authors: Costa Carlos Augusto Carneiro
Published: July 2016

Em 2015 veio a público pela editora Rocco o romance Palavras cruzadas, da escritora Guiomar de Grammont. Em um momento político relativamente diferente àquele em cujo terreno germinaram obras de maior envergadura contestatória do regime militar, a obra parece apresentar, no plano da ficção brasileira, uma visão talvez ainda inédita sobre as relações entre um guerrilheiro, sua família e os militares. O presente artigo procura elaborar uma reflexão crítica sobre o problema da memória e do esquecimento suscitado no processo narrativo do romance. Por meio de análise interpretativa feita em perspectiva histórica, buscamos avaliar o modo como o recente passado brasileiro é reinterpretado na referida obra. Para tanto, estudos de Paul Ricoeur, Freud, Goeffrey Hartman e Susan Suleiman serão explorados.
O diário rasurado de Judith Malina e as narrativas impossíveis da ditadura militar
Authors: Dusse Fernanda Cristina Sant'ana
Published: July 2016

Judith Malina, fundadora do grupo teatral The Living Theater, foi uma das poucas vozes capazes de romper com a narrativa uníssona do regime militar no Brasil ao publicar seu diário de prisão semanalmente no jornal Estado de Minas. O presente artigo busca avaliar como o texto propõe narrativas contra hegemônicas para o período, observando a edição feita pela UFMG em 2008, a qual apresenta uma série de paratextos escritos contemporaneamente, responsáveis por debater as condições de produção do diário e a postura sociopolítica de Malina. Para tanto, serão focalizadas as escolhas da atriz por romancear o período passado na prisão, omitindo as cenas de violência ali presenciadas, mas garantindo, assim, a publicação de textos de uma ativista contrária a regimes totalitários.
Uma vida iluminada: Jonathan Foer e o fascínio pelo passado
Authors: Gama Gabriel Canuto Nogueira da
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo, o objetivo é analisar, à luz dos estudos sobre memória e esquecimento, o filme Everything is Illuminated, de Liev Schreiber, lançado em 2005. A obra cinematográfica traz reflexões pertinentes acerca da relação entre passado e presente, e memória individual e coletiva, além do paradigma da ressignificação da contemporaneidade retratada na figura do personagem central Jonathan Foer. Em primeira instância, busca-se estabelecer os traços da cultura pós-moderna do excesso de memória incorporados pelo protagonista. Depois, o estudo reflete sobre a relação dicotômica entre duas maneiras de lidar com o passado: o lembrar para não esquecer e o esquecer para não lembrar. A partir desses dois pontos de vista – de Jonathan Foer e do personagem Alex Perchov –, o objetivo é pensar os limites do esquecimento, o papel do historiador contemporâneo na perspectiva de Nietzsche, Benjamin e Agamben, e identificar o fenômeno da memória coletiva de Halbwachs na narrativa do filme.
Da autobiografia ao testimonio: as representações de si e da história em Memorias de un soldado desconocido, de Lurgio Gavilán Sánchez
Authors: Reis Lorena Carvalho dos
Published: July 2016

Memorias de un soldado desconocido. Autobiografía y antropología de la violencia (2012) é uma obra que trás à tona o relato de vida de Lurgio Gavilán Sánchez, um cidadão peruano que participou diretamente do maior conflito armado do seu país, a Guerra Interna do Peru (1980-2000). Tendo em vista o contexto de produção da obra, seu gênero e as dúvidas teóricas suscitadas tanto pelo testimonio quanto pela autobiografia, este artigo visa analisar as estratégias de representação de si e da história no texto autobiográfico de Gavilán, a fim de contribuir para os estudos da memória e do testemunho nessas vertentes literárias.
The AWWA Diversity & Member Inclusion Committee: Breaking New Ground
Authors: Mahan H. Ali
Published: July 2016

The Diversity & Member Inclusion Committee was created in 1990 as the AWWA Minority Affairs Committee. A year later the committee became the Minority & Women Affairs Committee. By 1996, the committee had been broken into two parts, with the Women & Minorities in Water Industry Committee under the Technical & Education Council's Management Division, and the Diversity Committee as an administrative committee under the Public Affairs Council. The board of directors then elevated a retooled Diversity & Member Inclusion Committee (DMIC) to be a standing committee. Today, the DMIC focuses not only on involvement but, as is reflected in the name, on practices of inclusion.
Assessment of wind resources and short-term power prediction in Lithuania
Authors: Gecevičius Giedrius , Marčiukaitis Mantas , Markevičius Antanas , Katinas Vladislovas
Published: July 2016

The installed wind power in Lithuania reached 422 MW in 2015, and it was one of the most developing renewable energy sectors in the country. For this reason, it is important to estimate wind energy potential and the tendencies of wind power prediction accuracy. In this work, the results of statistical analysis of wind measurements in a number of locations in Lithuania are presented, which makes the basis for wind energy potential estimation. Wind power prediction errors of different time scales have been analysed, and the influence of seasonal and diurnal wind power variation is pointed out. Also, the  possibilities of connection of new wind farms to the grid are analysed in the paper. Investigation shows that northern and middle regions of Lithuania are the  most favourable for further wind power development with the goal of reaching the total installed power of 840 MW till 2030.
Electrical power generation with PEM FC using hydrogen supply through Mg-Ni reaction with water
Authors: Girdzevičius Dalius , Milčius Darius
Published: July 2016

Hydrogen is considered an energy vector of the future because of its potential use for clean energy generation. Portable electronic devices can be powered when hydrogen is supplied to fuel cells. In order to avoid massive equipment for hydrogen storage, direct hydrogen production can be achieved on-site during the reaction between metals/metal alloys/metal hydrides and water. Magnesium hydride offers great perspective for widespread applications as its weight yield of hydrogen reaches 6.4% according to the reaction with water and it can even increase to 15.2% if water produced in the fuel cell is used in the reaction again. In the  present work, Mg powder with the  content of Ni was synthesized under low temperature hydrogen plasma conditions changing the DC magnetron current from 0.5 to 1 A. As pure Mg powder was immersed into hydrogen plasma, the simultaneous hydrogenation process was ensured. Nickel was chosen as a catalyst capable to influence the growth of hydride. The process of electric power generation was investigated when reaction between modified Mg powder and water was applied to laboratory-built equipment consisting of a reactor for hydrogen production, gas dryer before H2 introduction to the  fuel cell, fuel cell, load and energy meter. Solutions of acetic acid and sodium chloride were used as promoters during powder-water reactions. The characterisation of predicted magnesium hydride powder was done using scanning electron microscopy, electron dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. XRD analysis showed only Mg, MgO and Ni peaks indicating that hydrogen generation during powder-water reaction was evoked because of microgalvanic corrosion at Mg-Ni intersections.
Short-term wind speed forecasting using ARIMA model
Authors: Grigonytė Ernesta , Butkevičiūtė Eglė
Published: July 2016

The massive integration of wind power into the power system increasingly calls for better short-term wind speed forecasting which helps transmission system operators to balance the power systems with less reserve capacities. The  time series analysis methods are often used to analyze the  wind speed variability. The  time series are defined as a sequence of observations ordered in time. Statistical methods described in this paper are based on the prediction of future wind speed data depending on the historical observations. This allows us to find a sufficiently good model for the wind speed prediction. The paper addresses a short-term wind speed forecasting ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) model. This method was applied for a number of different prediction problems, including the short term wind speed forecasts. It is seen as an early time series methodology with well-known limitations in wind speed forecasting, mainly because of insufficient accuracies of the hourly forecasts for the second half of the day-ahead forecasting period. The authors attempt to find the maximum effectiveness of the model aiming to find: (1) how the identification of the optimal model structure improves the forecasting results and (2) what accuracy increase can be gained by reidentification of the structure for a new wind weather season. Both historical and synthetic wind speed data representing the sample locality in the Baltic region were used to run the model. The model structure is defined by rows p, d, q and length of retrospective data period. The structure parameters p (Autoregressive component, AR) and q (Moving Average component, MA) were determined by the Partial Auto-Correlation Function (PACF) and Auto-Correlation Function (ACF), respectively. The model’s forecasting accuracy is based on the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The results allowed to establish the optimal model structure and the length of the input/retrospective period. The  quantitative study revealed that identification of the  optimal model structure gives significant accuracy improvement against casual structures for 6–8 h forecast lead time, but a season-specific structure is not appropriate for the entire year period. Based on the conducted calculations, we propose to couple the ARIMA model with any more effective method into a hybrid model.
Experimental analysis of vertical axis wind turbine active pitch control system with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor using MATLAB Simulink tools
Authors: Komass Tomas
Published: July 2016

Efficient vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) technology is a key topic for the future wind energy market. At the moment, VAWTs are seldom used for electricity production. The development of new technologies for building a new generation of VAWTs, which will be more efficient, user-friendly, and with very low noise pollution levels is the target for many researchers. The goal of this research was to analyse an active pitch control system in an experimental setting through construction of an active pitch control system test bench using a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) and to develop new testing programmes for analytical system performance tests. The  current commercial turbines do not carry an active pitch system for a VAWT; however, the concept of an active turbine blade pitching opens new opportunities for boosting the efficiency, safety, and user-friendliness of VAWTs. The  research consists of the  mathematical model and control system operating in a simulation environment in a closed loop with the test bench setup consisting of an active pitch control system. By applying a specially developed VAWT simulation model implemented in MATLAB Simulink, an active pitch system was tested and analysed under various conditions, which were as close as possible to the real-world operating conditions. The results of the testing and analysis show that an active pitch system using the PMSM can be very efficient and fast-operating. An active pitch system is able to work on the needed conditions by using the PMSM. Analysis shows that while using the PMSM for a turbine active pitch system, certain conditions should be taken into account in order to achieve the best results and to reduce costs. Full and effective use of active pitch system components can improve VAWT performance.
Pecularities of the lithology and fauna of the early Katian (Ordovician) in the Lithuanian facies zone
Authors: Paškevičius Juozas
Published: July 2016

The lithology and fauna on the south-eastern slope of the Middle Lithuanian Depression within the  Lithuanian facies zone (belt) is discussed in the  present paper. The study material consists of core from two deep drill-holes: Taučionys-49 and Drūkšiai-6 (Kazimirovo). As a  result Drūkšiai, Dysna, Jakšiai, Paekna and Kaimynai formations from the  Oandu and Nabala regional stages have been distinguished in the  studied lithostratigraphy. The  biostratigraphy of described formations is based on the  description of brachiopods, trilobites and ostracodes. A stratigraphic gap distinguished in the Estonian Oandu Regional Stage in the stratotype section is completed by the continuous parastratotypic section of the Lithuanian Pajavonys-13 well. It is shown that the attribution by Sidaravičienė (1996) of Paekna, Kaimynai, and Dobilynė formations in the  Drūkšiai area to the Vormsi Regional Stage should be corrected. Only the Dobilynė Regional Stage should be left in this regional stage. The study presents new correlation between Middle Lithuanian and Livonian facies (belt) zones. The  Drūkšiai–Paekna and the  Kaimynai formations are respectively correlated with the  clingani and linearis graptolite zones. A  new species of brachiopods  –  Thaerodonta notabile Pašk. sp. nov. – is described.
Algorithms and Characterizations for 2-Layer Fan-planarity: From Caterpillar to Stegosaurus
Authors: Binucci Carla , Chimani Markus , Didimo Walter , Gronemann Martin , Klein Karsten , Kratochvíl Jan , Montecchiani Fabrizio , Tollis Ioannis
Published: July 2016

In a fan-planar drawing of a graph there is no edge that crosses two other independent edges. We study 2-layer fan-planar drawings, i.e., fan-planar drawings such that the vertices are restricted to two distinct horizontal layers and edges are straight-line segments that connect vertices of different layers. We characterize 2-layer fan-planar drawable graphs and describe a linear-time testing and embedding algorithm for biconnected graphs. We also study the relationship between 2-layer fan-planar graphs and 2-layer right-angle crossing graphs.
Concordância entre valores autorreferidos e mensurados de massa corporal e estatura para o diagnóstico do estado nutricional em universitários de educação física
Authors: Rechenchosky Leandro , Ines Lauane Lacerda , Oliveira Lídia Acyole De Souza
Published: July 2016

Introdução: Massa corporal e estatura autorreferidas têm sido utilizadas cada vez mais em estudos, sobretudo naqueles que envolvem grandes amostras. Objetivo: Analisar a concordância entre valores de Massa Corporal (MC) e estatura autorreferidos e mensurados para o diagnóstico do Estado Nutricional (EN) em universitários de educação física. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 301 acadêmicos (56,5% mulheres), que relataram valores de MC e estatura, bem como tiveram essas variáveis mensuradas por meio de balança eletrônica e estadiômetro da marca Welmy, respectivamente. O Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) foi obtido pela relação massa corporal (kg) e estatura (m2). Resultados: Embora tenham sido observadas diferenças entre algumas médias, o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI) demonstrou alta concordância, com variação de 0,94 a 0,99. Quando a análise envolveu grupos conforme o EN os resultados mostraram baixa concordância apenas para o IMC do grupo obesidade (0,57), sendo que os demais valores de CCI foram predominantemente acima de 0,90. Após categorização do EN, a concordância entre as frequências foi considerada boa (0,82). Utilizando a técnica de Bland e Altman, observou-se que a média das diferenças entre o valor mensurado e autorreferido foi próxima de zero (0,36 kg/m²) com Intervalo de Confiança (IC95%) variando de -1,18 a 1,91 kg/m². Conclusão: Verificaram-se evidências suficientes para a utilização de valores autorreferidos de MC e estatura, bem como para o diagnóstico do estado nutricional, sendo nessa população uma opção válida e segura.
XI Simpósio de Iniciação Científica da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC
Authors: FMABC Comitê de Iniciação Científica
Published: July 2016

Não se aplica
GaInAsP/silicon-on-insulator hybrid laser with ring-resonator-type reflector fabricated by N2 plasma-activated bonding
Authors: Hayashi Yusuke , Suzuki Junichi , Inoue Satoshi , Hasan Shovon Muhammad Tanvir , Kuno Yuki , Itoh Kazuto , Amemiya Tomohiro , Nishiyama Nobuhiko , Arai Shigehisa
Published: July 2016

III–V/Si hybrid integration with direct bonding is an attractive method of realizing an electrophotonic convergence router with a small size and a low power consumption. Plasma-activated bonding (PAB) is an effective approach for reducing thermal stress during the bonding process because PAB achieves a high bonding strength with low-temperature annealing. This time, the fabrication of a GaInAsP/silicon-on-insulator (SOI) hybrid laser with Si ring-resonator-type reflectors was demonstrated by N2 PAB. By measuring the lasing spectra, we confirmed the reflective characteristics resulting from the cascaded Si ring resonators. We also investigated kink characteristics, which occur around the threshold current, of the current–light output (I–L) characteristics, and successfully approximated the kink characteristics by considering saturable absorption occurring at the III–V/Si taper tip. The taper structure was investigated in terms of a passive device as well as an active device, and a structure for eliminating saturable absorption was proposed.
First-principles study of locally disordered structures of Mn-induced GaAs(001)-(2 × 2) surface
Authors: Akaishi Akira , Funatsuki Kenta , Ohtake Akihiro , Nakamura Jun
Published: July 2016

Various atomic arrangements of the Mn-induced GaAs(001) surface, consisting of one Ga–As dimer and one Mn atom in the (2 × 2) unit, have been investigated by first-principles calculations. The most stable arrangement is reasonable in view of the classical electrostatic theory. It has been revealed that the topmost Ga–As dimers tend to be aligned along the

direction, while they are less ordered along the [110] direction. These anisotropic orderings, that is, anisotropic interactions, imply that the Mn atom, which is located between the Ga–As dimers, enhances the local electrostatic interaction between the dimers along the

direction, as a result of the dielectric anisotropy at the surface.
High-resolution and nondestructive profile measurement by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with a visible broadband light source for optical-device fabrication
Authors: Nishi Tsuyoshi , Ozaki Nobuhiko , Oikawa Yoichi , Miyaji Kunio , Ohsato Hirotaka , Watanabe Eiichiro , Ikeda Naoki , Sugimoto Yoshimasa
Published: July 2016

We developed a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) using a visible broadband light source (vis-OCT) for application to high-resolution and nondestructive profile measurement and imaging in semiconductor optical-device fabrication. By using visible broadband light centered at 625 nm and with spectral bandwidth of 260 nm, an axial resolution of 0.69 µm in air was obtained. This was effective for inspection of a transparent photoresist film with thickness of 1–2 µm coated on a semiconductor wafer; the interface between the photoresist film and its substrate and the interface between the photoresist and air were resolved, and the film thickness was measured. In addition, the interface between an opaque epitaxially grown semiconductor layer (Al0.35Ga0.65As) and a GaAs substrate was also detected by vis-OCT. Here we propose a thickness-measurement technique that combines finite-difference time-domain simulation with vis-OCT. This method enables us to determine the thickness of even an optically absorbent epitaxial layer and offers a profile-measurement method that is particularly suitable for the fabrication of semiconductor optical devices.
V. Streit um Anwaltskosten in der frühen Neuzeit
Authors: Oestmann Peter
Published: July 2016

Argument about legal fees in the early modern period. Part 2: jurisdiction and types of procedure. Part II of this investigation, following ZRG GA 132 (2015), pp. 152-218, describes the practice of the courts. What were the possibilities for procurators to sue for their fees if the parties did not pay them? Most aspects of procedural law were quite unknown until now: The Rescripts of the Aulic Council and the Mandata de solvendo of the Wismar Tribunal were complete different ways for the procurators to get their fees. Not surprisingly, the Wismar procedures seem the more powerful and effective ones, enabling the administrative and jurisdictional organization of the Swedish territory to sue in a promising way. On the other hand, the procedures at the Imperial courts show, up to the end of the Old Empire in the summer of 1806, the typical weakness, even if some effective bureaucracy can be observed.
Zwischen dem spanisch-amerikanischen kolonialen Recht und dem des Nationalstaats in Argentinien (16.–20. Jahrhundert)
Authors: Tau Victor
Published: July 2016

Inbetween the Spanish-American colonial law and the law of the national state of Argentina (16th to 20th century). The article provides an overview on nearly six decades of investigation on Latin-American traditions in legal history. It serves two purposes: At first, to understand derecho indiano, its connections with local urban milieus and governments and royal acts, in short a world of casuismo. Secondly, to explain the later history and the fundamental change of this legal culture since the 19th century.
Bona fides presumitur in classical Canon Law
Authors: Dondorp Harry
Published: July 2016

In 1215, the Fourth Lateran Council settled a controversy between theologians and jurists with regard to the duty to make restitution. This moral duty was not always recognized at law because of the limitation of claims, which the jurists derived from Roman Law (C. 7.39.3) and which they termed as longissimi temporis praescriptio. Hence, correcting a statute that cannot be observed without peril to one’ soul, the council required that the person who prescribes, must not know at any time that the object belongs to someone else. The effect in legal practice may have been minor, for the canonists presumed the possessor’s ignorance after thirty years of uncontested possession. It was to the other party, the claimant, to disprove this presumption. Even if, by exception, there was a presumption to the contrary, the defendant invoking prescription could avoid proving his good faith by oath, for the presumtion then derived from the combination of the lapse of time and a proper cause (titulus) of his possession
Religion und Recht in der Frühen Neuzeit
Authors: Strohm Christoph
Published: July 2016

Religion and Law in the Early Modern history. The devaluation of the canon law by Protestant Reformers promoted the system-oriented presentations of law based on Roman law. Also in ius publicum there is a significant majority of Protestant authors. The situation differs from natural law and law of nations where the discourse of the 16
Alternative Interpretationen zur celsinischen Durchgangstheorie
Authors: Bessenyő Andreas
Published: July 2016

Alternative interpretations of a discussed Celsinian response on Durchgangserwerb. In the basic text, D. 24,1,3,12-13, Ulpian reports a famous response of Celsus concerning the prohibition of donations between husband and wife which is ambiguous, enigmatic, almost incomprehensible. Julian and his disciple, African, hold a contrary view in D. 46,3,38,1. The author critically reviews the main explanations proposed since the time of the Glossators up to now, and sets out a thouroughly new idea: Celsus may have taken into account the widespread bookkeeping usages of the Roman householders. By Justinian’s time, this practice was out of use and almost forgotten, therefore deleted by the compilers.
Letztwillige Verfügungen in griechischer Sprache bei Q. C. Scaevola, Paulus und Modestinus
Authors: Häusler Adrian
Published: July 2016

Last Wills in Greek Terms in the Works of Q.C. Scaevola, Paulus and Modestinus. Several responsa from the writings of Q.C. Scaevola, Paulus and Modestinus report trust dispositions in Greek terms. These last wills appear before the constitutio Antoniniana and possibly after the decree de Graecis litteris (224-235 AD) of Alexander Severus. The content of these trusts was often highlighted as evidence for the contrast, in the provincial practice, between local peregrine laws or customs and the classical Roman law. However, the analysis of these Greek provisions implies that non-Roman legal institutions are quite scarce. The attention of the jurists is therefore primarily related to the challenge of bilingual legal communication and the ordinary need to interpret testamentary dispositions.
Die Bedeutung von leges publicae im Römischen Recht: Der Beitrag Mantovanis zur „legum multitudo“ und die Frage der Privatautonomie bei den Römern
Authors: Stagl Jakob Fortunat
Published: July 2016

The Importance of Leges Publicae for Roman Law. Mantovani’s Article on „Legum Multitudo and Private Law“ and the question of Party Autonomy amongst the Romans. It is a common opinion among scholars of Roman law that formal laws (leges publicae) had only scarce importance for Roman law. As Mantovani recently demonstrated, our perception of Roman law in this respect was manipulated by the compilers: The original texts knew much more references to leges publicae than we are aware of. This instance has important consequences for our assessment of party autonomy amongst the Romans.
Access to alcohol and binge drinking among vocational college students: A multilevel study in a tourist destination province of Thailand
Authors: McNeil Edward , Inthawong Yanisa , Assanangkornchai Sawitri
Published: July 2016

McNeil, E., Inthawong, Y., & Assanangkornchai, S. (2015). Access to alcohol and binge drinking among vocational college students: A multilevel study in a tourist destination province of Thailand. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 5(2), 47-55. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i2.214A key issue in alcohol-related harm reduction is the impact of commercial and social availability on alcohol-related problems and harm among young people. The increasing density of alcohol outlets has been shown to be associated with harmful youth drinking behavior, although studies have produced mixed results, underlying the complexity of the situation.Aims: The present study was conducted to assess the relationship between density of alcohol outlets and drinking behaviors among vocational college students.Methods: A cross-sectional school-based survey was conducted among full-time students studying in vocational colleges in Phuket, Thailand. Multilevel regression models were used to assess the relationship between alcohol-outlet density and current and binge drinking, controlling for student and school characteristics.Results: A total of 3,363 students completed the self-reported questionnaire (response rate 66.7%). A significant association was found between alcohol-outlet density and binge drinking but not current drinking. Both current and binge drinking were associated with a positive attitude toward drinking, perception of peer and family drinking norms, and social availability of alcohol. For every increase in 10 on-premise alcohol outlets per square kilometer the risk of binge drinking increased by an average of 5%. Empirical evidence regarding this relationship is important to support law and policy movements towards further restriction of alcohol outlets and zoning of entertainment venues.
Replication of psychometric properties and predictive validity of the Important People Drug and Alcohol Interview
Authors: Owens Mandy D. , Zywiak William H.
Published: July 2016

Owens, M., & Zywiak, W. (2016). Replication of psychometric properties and predictive validity of the Important People Drug and Alcohol Interview. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 5(2), 57-64. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i2.217Aims: Social support is a predictor of alcohol and drug use. The Important People Drug and Alcohol (IPDA) interview and its predecessor, the Important People and Activities (IPA) measure, have been used to demonstrate this predictive relationship. The purpose of this study was to replicate the findings from Zywiak et al. (2009) in a sample of probationers with substance use disorders.Design: Analyses mirrored those done previously to replicate the associations between social networks and substance use. The IPDA was used to assess social networks before and after incarceration. Form-90 (Tonigan, Miller, & Brown, 1997) was used to measure substance use.Participants: Individuals were recruited from a local probation office. Information was collected from a sample of 50 male probationers with substance use disorders recently released from jail.Conclusions: Results showed that many of the previous findings from Zywiak et al. (2009) were similar to those found in the current study. This adds to the evidence that the IPDA is a promising measure of social networks and examining how those networks relate to substance use outcomes. The use of the IPDA may be beneficial for both research and clinical purposes, while evaluating individuals with alcohol and other drug use disorders.
Comparison of heavy episodic drinking patterns between Korean and Chinese immigrants
Authors: Ruderman Danielle E. , Clapp John D. , Hofstetter C. Richard , Irvin Veronica , Kang Sunny , Hovell Melbourne F.
Published: July 2016

Ruderman, D., Clapp, J., Hofstetter, C., Irvin, V., Kang, S., & Hovell, M. (2016). Comparison of heavy episodic drinking patterns between Korean and Chinese immigrants. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 5(2), 65-71. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i2.220Objective: Drinking-related problems are increasing among Asian immigrants despite the popular perceptions of a “model minority.” Sociocultural factors may relate to differing drinking patterns among subsets of Asian American populations. This study explores the relationship between nationality and alcohol consumption among Chinese and Korean Americans, specifically in regards to acculturation and social networks.Method: First-generation Chinese and Korean immigrants residing in the greater Los Angeles area were recruited (N= 2715). Structured interviews were conducted over the phone and by professional bilingual interviewers in the language of participant preference.Results: Although subsamples were demographically similar, Chinese immigrants were less likely to report heavy episodic drinking (HED) than Korean immigrants. Participants in each group with social networks composed of drinkers or problem drinkers and those that encouraged drinking were more likely to report HED themselves.Conclusions: Alcohol consumption and its dynamics are impacted by peer networks among first-generation Chinese and Koreans residing in the United States. While drinking behaviors differ for Chinese and Korean immigrants, the impact of peer’s drinking behaviors on one’s own drinking is paramount. This result has important implications for interventions and the need for further research focusing on the impact of peer interactions and alcohol use among this population.
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): A review of graded severity algorithms and national adaptations
Authors: Babor Thomas F. , Robaina Katherine
Published: July 2016

Babor, T., & Robaina, K. (2016). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): A review of graded severity algorithms and national adaptations. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 5(2), 17-24. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i2.222Aims: Since it was first released in 1989, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) has generated a large amount of research to evaluate its psychometric properties. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the literature relevant to applications of the AUDIT in screening, brief intervention, and treatment referral programs, and identify national adaptations of the AUDIT to country-specific health, education, and reimbursement needs.Methods: Methods comprised a search of the world literature published since 2004, combined with review articles published since 1997.Findings: We identified 431 studies of the AUDIT, including 386 articles, 26 review papers, and 11 book chapters since 2004, with a six-fold increase in the last decade. The factor structure of the AUDIT items remains unclear, but the weight of evidence supports a two-factor model. Despite the translation of the AUDIT into numerous languages, the alcohol consumption questions were rarely adapted to suit cultural or national conditions. Although numerous studies have supported the recommended cutoff thresholds for a possible alcohol use disorder, only three studies evaluated the classification accuracy of the AUDIT’s graded severity system.Conclusions: Further development of the AUDIT score’s severity zones is needed to guide intervention selection in clinical settings.
Chiropractic student attitudes toward team-based learning
Authors: Sherrier William , Brennan Teresa , Rabatsky Ali
Published: July 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure chiropractic student attitudes toward team-based learning (TBL) to determine if they are similar to those of medical students and to help clarify existing evidence regarding student perceptions of TBL.

Method: Two consecutive cohorts of chiropractic students enrolled in a course that used weekly TBL activities completed an adaptation of the value of teams survey at the end of the term. Chi square analysis was used to assess for differences in scores between the beginning and end of the term.

Results: The students did value the TBL process (χ2 = 75.21, p < .001). Students had a neutral opinion regarding TBL at the start of the term (χ2 = 30.41, p < .001), but their opinion of TBL improved by the end of the term (χ2 = 51.66, p < .001).

Conclusion: These results were similar to those found in medical education studies. Students tended to value TBL, but they were more receptive to it over time.
Os usos das multicentralidades de Natal/RN pelos serviços de saúde privados
Authors: Tavares Edseisy Silva Barbalho
Published: July 2016

Os serviços de saúde privados usam o território de Natal/RN de modo diverso. A partir de diversos eventos multiescalares algumas áreas foram se tornando pontos de concentração destes serviços, enquanto que, na maior parte do território, os mesmos se encontravam rarefeitos. No entanto, nos últimos anos, esse processo ocorre em simultaneidade com uma dispersão dos mesmos para outras áreas da cidade, que passaram a apresentar uma relevante centralidade. Os novos pontos do território, alvos dessa dispersão, são principalmente o centro tradicional de comércio e as novas centralidades da cidade. Contudo, o uso do território por esses serviços se dá por nível de complexidade, especialidades e público consumidor diferenciados em cada subespaço. Neste sentido, buscamos compreender os usos das multicentralidades da cidade de Natal/RN pelos serviços de saúde privados. Para tanto, partimos do entendimento da formação de centralidades múltiplas e polinucleadas na cidade e dos usos do território por esta atividade como um recurso.
Difusão do agronegócio e reestruturação urbano-regional no Oeste Baiano
Authors: Santos Camila Dutra dos
Published: July 2016

As redes agroindustriais, com apoio deliberado do Estado, vêm se estabelecendo nos lugares e produzindo uma reestruturação produtiva condizente com seus interesses, atingindo tanto a base técnica quanto a econômica e social do setor agrícola, e promovendo a formação e/ou a reestruturação de regiões que passam a encarnar especializações territoriais. O Oeste Baiano se configura como um desses exemplos de região funcional ao agronegócio, contendo, principalmente a partir da década de 1980, condições favoráveis à expansão dessa atividade, com investimento maciço de capital público e privado na tecnificação do território. Essa região tem sua organização socioespacial atual pautada por redes agroindustriais que participam dos circuitos espaciais de produção e círculos de cooperação da produção moderna de grãos, principalmente da soja. Os conteúdos urbanos e os papéis regionais das principais cidades do Oeste Baiano resultam de uma crescente integração entre o agronegócio e os circuitos da economia urbana, transformando tais cidades em espaços funcionais às exigências produtivas do campo moderno. Nessa região, a difusão do agronegócio tem-se processado de forma conservadora e excludente, traduzindo-se no reforço de históricas desigualdades socioespaciais, bem como na criação de novas.
Comment on “Nature of the Seismic Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary within Normal Oceanic Mantle from High‐Resolution Receiver Functions” by Olugboji et al.
Authors: Kawakatsu Hitoshi , Abe Yuki
Published: July 2016

The significance of sediment reverberations on receiver functions of broadband OBS data is discussed. In particular, the data analyzed by Olugboji et al. recently in this journal show such effects which need to be carefully modeled. We also suggest that the LQ‐coordinate rotation for the receiver function analysis should be avoided for OBS data.
Social Capital and Fear of Crime in Adolescence: A Multilevel Study
Authors: Vieno Alessio , Lenzi Michela , Roccato Michele , Russo Silvia , Monaci Maria Grazia , Scacchi Luca
Published: July 2016

Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine the relationships between social capital (at the individual, the neighborhood, and the regional levels) and adolescents' fear of crime, while controlling for the main individual (sociodemographics, television viewing, and bullying victimization), neighborhood (neighborhood size and aggregated victimization), and regional (crime rate and level of urbanization) variables. Data were analyzed using a three‐level model based on 22,639 15.7‐year‐old (SD = 0.67) students nested within 1081 neighborhoods and 19 Italian regions. The findings revealed that individual and contextual measures of social capital, modeled at the individual, neighborhood, and regional levels simultaneously, showed negative associations with adolescents' fear of crime. Males and participants with higher family affluence were less likely to feel fear of crime, whereas victimization, both at the individual and neighborhood levels, had a positive association with fear of crime. Strengths, limitations, and potential applications of the study are discussed.
Metabolisches Glykoengineering mit N‐Acyl‐Seiten‐ ketten‐modifizierten Mannosaminen
Authors: Wratil Paul R. , Horstkorte Rüdiger , Reutter Werner
Published: July 2016

Beim metabolischen Glykoengineering (MGE) werden Zellen und Tiere mit nichtnatürlichen Derivaten von Monosacchariden behandelt. Diese werden nach ihrer Aufnahme ins Zytosol metabolisiert und anschließend auf neusynthetisierten Glykokonjugaten exprimiert. MGE wurde zuerst für sialylierte Glykane realisiert, mit N‐Acyl‐modifizierten Mannosaminen als Vorstufen für nichtnatürliche Sialinsäuren. Voraussetzung ist die Promiskuität der Enzyme des Roseman‐Warren‐Biosyntheseweges. Diese tolerieren spezifische Modifikationen der N‐Acyl‐Seitenkette von Mannosaminderivaten, z. B. Elongation mit Methylen‐Gruppen (aliphatische Modifikationen) oder Einfügen reaktiver Gruppen (bioorthogonale Modifikationen). Nichtnatürliche Sialinsäuren werden in Glykokonjugate von Zellen und Organen integriert. MGE hat faszinierende biologische Konsequenzen für die behandelten Zellen (aliphatisches MGE) und ermöglicht die Visualisierung der Topographie und Dynamik der sialylierten Glykane in vitro, ex vivo und in vivo (bioorthogonales MGE).
Versatile C(sp2)−C(sp3) Ligand Couplings of Sulfoxides for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Diarylalkanes
Authors: Dean William M. , Šiaučiulis Mindaugas , Storr Thomas E. , Lewis William , Stockman Robert A.
Published: July 2016

The reaction of chiral (hetero)aryl benzyl sulfoxides with Grignard reagents affords enantiomerically pure diarylalkanes in up to 98 % yield and greater than 99.5 % enantiomeric excess. This ligand coupling reaction is tolerant to multiple substitution patterns and provides access to diverse areas of chemical space in three operationally simple steps from commercially available reagents. This strategy provides orthogonal access to electron‐deficient heteroaromatic compounds, which are traditionally synthesized by transition metal catalyzed cross‐couplings, and circumvents common issues associated with proto‐demetalation and β‐hydride elimination.
Highly Chemoselective Iridium Photoredox and Nickel Catalysis for the Cross‐Coupling of Primary Aryl Amines with Aryl Halides
Authors: Oderinde Martins S. , Jones Natalie H. , Juneau Antoine , Frenette Mathieu , Aquila Brian , Tentarelli Sharon , Robbins Daniel W. , Johannes Jeffrey W.
Published: July 2016

A visible‐light‐promoted iridium photoredox and nickel dual‐catalyzed cross‐coupling procedure for the formation C−N bonds has been developed. With this method, various aryl amines were chemoselectively cross‐coupled with electronically and sterically diverse aryl iodides and bromides to forge the corresponding C−N bonds, which are of high interest to the pharmaceutical industries. Aryl iodides were found to be a more efficient electrophilic coupling partner. The coupling reactions were carried out at room temperature without the rigorous exclusion of molecular oxygen, thus making this newly developed Ir‐photoredox/Ni dual‐catalyzed procedure very mild and operationally simple.
Ein metallregulierter vierstufiger Nanoschalter zur Steuerung einer zweistufigen sequenziellen Katalyse in einem Elf‐Komponenten‐System
Authors: Gaikwad Sudhakar , Goswami Abir , De Soumen , Schmittel Michael
Published: July 2016

Ein nanomechanischer Schalter mit drei orthogonalen Bindungsmotiven – der Zink(II)‐porphyrin‐, der Azaterpyridin‐ und der abgeschirmten Phenanthrolin‐Bindungsstelle – kann durch Zugabe und Entfernen geeigneter Metallionen‐Inputs quantitativ und reversibel zwischen vier Schaltzuständen verändert werden. Zwei von diesen können katalytische Transformationen (AN1, AN2) initiieren, während die beiden anderen jegliche Reaktion beenden (AUS1, AUS2). In einem zyklischen vierstufigen Schaltvorgang kann daher die sequenzielle Transformation A+B+C→AB+C→ABC gesteuert werden, die sich schrittweise entlang der Schaltzustände AUS1→AN1 (Click‐Reaktion: A+B→AB)→AUS2→AN2 (Michael‐Addition: AB+C→ABC)→AUS1 entwickelt. Zwei aufeinander folgende Zyklen der sequenziellen Katalyse konnten ohne Aktivitätsverlust in einem Reaktionssystem mit elf verschiedenen Komponenten realisiert werden.
Selective Synthesis of Six Products from a Single Indolyl α‐Diazocarbonyl Precursor
Authors: James Michael J. , O'Brien Peter , Taylor Richard J. K. , Unsworth William P.
Published: July 2016

Indolyl α‐diazocarbonyls can be selectively cyclized to give six distinct products through the careful choice of catalyst and reaction conditions. A range of catalysts were used, including complexes of RhII, PdII, and CuII, as well as SiO2, to promote diazo decomposition and subsequent cyclization/rearrangement through a range of mechanistic pathways.
Controllable preparation of a soluble trapezoidal polyacetylene with broadband absorption by a one‐step strategy
Authors: Zhang Fayin , Guang Shanyi , Wei Gang , Zhao Gang , Ke Fuyou , Feng Yihu , Xu Hongyao
Published: July 2016

A new trapezoidal functional polyacetylene with broadband absorption from the visible to the near infrared and excellent thermal stability was effectively prepared by molecular design and a controllable strategy. It is completely soluble in common organic solvents because the 6‐ethynyl‐2‐methylquinoline copolymerized with phenylacetylene. The absorption spectrum can be effectively adjusted by controlling the ratio of semi‐squaraine and squaraine in the process of preparation. Interestingly, it was found that the improvement of thermal stability of the target product may originate from the synergy of the shielding effect of the quinoline ring to the main chain and the strong interactions between squaraine groups. The formation mechanism of the broadband absorbance properties was studied through an online spectrum tracking method. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44096.
Multiple Information Feedback Control Scheme for an Improved Car‐Following Model
Authors: Zheng Ya‐zhou , Cheng Rong‐jun , Ge Hong‐Xia
Published: July 2016

Based upon the classical car‐following theory, an extended car‐following model considering variable safety distance (VSD) and time‐delay effect is constructed to improve driving efficiency and safety. Considering multiple preceding cars' speed differences and the difference between headway and safety distance, a new control signal is designed from the viewpoint of multiple information feedback control strategy. Stability criterion for the modified model is acquired by applying control theory. Several numerical simulations are used to show the effects of multiple preceding cars' speed changes and variable safety distance on car‐following phenomena, and the outcomes prove that the presented model can enhance traffic safety and suppress traffic jams.