bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zur linearen und nichtlinearen Extrapolation diskreter Zeitfunktionen
Authors: Niemann H.
Published: November 2015

Die optimale Vorhersage von diskreten Zeitfunktionen wurde bisher nur für lineare Modelle über die Entstehung der Zeitfunktion gelöst. Theoretisch ist der bedingte Erwartungswert unter sehr allgemeinen Voraussetzungen der optimale Vorhersagewert; seine explizite Form muß nicht linear sein. Es wird gezeigt, daß sich Vorhersagewerte als bedingte Erwartungswerte für eine große Klasse nichtlinearer Systeme leicht ableiten und numerisch auswerten lassen. Das Verfahren wird an drei Beispielen erläutert und die Vorhersage des optimalen Systems mit der einer Versuchsperson verglichen
Adaptive Verfahren zur digitalen Regelung von Kugelmühlen in Zementwerken
Authors: Schulze H.
Published: November 2015

Kugelmühlen zeigen beim Überschreiten des optimalen Arbeitspunktes instabiles Verhalten. Gleichzeitig treten hohe Laufzeiteffekte auf.

Zum Stabilisieren des Füllgrades wird ein Abtastregier höherer Ordnung verwendet. Die Kennwerte des Reglers werden über eine Identifikation im geschlossenen Regelkreis und eine anschließende Simulation numerisch ermittelt.

Der Wirkungsgrad der Mühle wird vom Füllgrad beeinflußt. Der Sollwert des Füllgrades wird mit einem Extremwertregler geführt, damit ein optimaler Wirkungsgrad erzielt wird.
Anwendung von DDC-Algorithmen zur Regelung eines Wärmetauschers
Authors: Unbehauen H. , Schmid Chr. , Böttiger F. , Lausterer G.
Published: November 2015

Sieben der wichtigsten DDC-Algorithmen bei der Regelung eines Wärmetauschers werden unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten kritisch verglichen. Dabei werden die Regelgüte und die Empfindlichkeit dieser DDC-Algorithmen bezüglich unterschiedlicher Betriebsbedingungen und Störungen der Regelstrecke untersucht. Ausgehend vom klassischen PID-Regelalgorithmus wird ein Vergleich der Algorithmen für Kaskaden-, Kompensations-, HP- und „deadbeat-response“-Regelung durchgeführt. Diesen Ergebnissen wird ein Verfahren im Zustandsraum mit Beobachter und Zustandsrückführung gegenübergestellt. Schließlich wird ein adaptiver Regelalgorithmus erprobt, bei dem der Regler jeweils an den entsprechenden Arbeitspunkt angepaßt wird. Für den Praktiker werden Hinweise zur Anwendung dieser Regelalgorithmen und eine Beurteilung ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit sowie des Entwurfsaufwands gegeben.
Berechnung und Approximation des Gesamtübertragungsverhaltens von Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeugern, Teil 1
Authors: Welfonder E.
Published: November 2015

Die Berechnung des Gesamtübertragungsverhaltens von Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeugern wird unter der Annahme konstanten Druckprofils und unter Berücksichtigung der Rückkopplungen zwischen Fluid- und Heizgastemperatur vorgenommen. Die sich bei je drei Prozeßeingangs- und Prozeßausgangsgroßen

ergebenden neun transzendenten Übertragungsfunktionen werden durch ein vereinfachtes Ersatzmodell 21. Ordnung angenähert. Die Untersuchung wird am Beispiel eines Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeugers durchgeführt, der mittels Helium als Heizgas von einem Hochtemperaturreaktor beheizt wird.
Neue hybride Rechenverfahren zur Analyse dynamischer Eigenschaften von Prozessen, Teil 1 / New hybrid computer methods for analyzing process dynamics, part 1
Authors: Gaffal F.
Published: November 2015

Es wird gezeigt, wie sich die grundlegend verschiedenen Eigenschaften digitaler und analoger Rechenanlagen durch ihre Verbindung in einem Hybridrechner mit Vorteil dafür einsetzen lassen, schnelle, zuverlässige und genaue bzw. einfache Rechenverfahren zur Analyse dynamischer Eigenschaften von Prozessen zu schaffen. Hierzu werden mehrere neue hybride Rechenverfahren zur Bestimmung der Leistungsdichtespektren und der Übertragungs- und Kohärenzfunktionen von Meßsignalen entwickelt.
Ein Frequenzkennlinienverfahren für Relaisregelungssysteme / Graphical determination of limit cycles in relay control systems
Authors: Heinzel W. , Pandit Μ.
Published: November 2015

Zur grafischen Berechnung periodischer Zustände in Relaisregelkreisen wird ein Verfahren nach der Methode von Zypkin angegeben.
Lineare und nichtlineare Filterung, Teil 1 / Linear and nonlinear filtering, part 1
Authors: Krebs V.
Published: November 2015

Ausgehend von dem Problem der Herauslösung eines Signals aus stochastisch gestörten Messungen, dem sogenannten allgemeinen Schätzproblem, werden die Grundzüge der Optimalfiltertheorie einheitlich entwickelt. Es werden Wiener-Filter, Kalman-Bucy-Filter und deterministische Beobachter behandelt; ebenso wird auf die verschiedenen nichtlinearen Filterverfahren sowie auf die Möglichkeit der Parametererkennung mit Hilfe der Filtertheorie eingegangen. Dabei wird gezeigt, in welcher Weise sich diese Filterverfahren auf das allgemeine Schätzproblem zurückführen lassen. Besonderer Wert wird gelegt auf die Herausarbeitung der Zusammenhänge zwischen den einzelnen Schätzverfahren wie auch auf die Möglichkeiten der praktischen Realisierung der Optimalfilter.
Fluidischer Pulsregler mit PD-Charakteristik / A fluidic pulse-compensator with PD-characteristic
Authors: Schläper J.
Published: November 2015

Es wird ein fluidischer proportional-differenzierender Regler vorgestellt, der aus digitalen Elementen aufgebaut ist, jedoch analoges Verhalten zeigt. Ein derartiger Regler ist aus der Literatur zwar bekannt, doch waren die bisherigen Untersuchungen teilweise fehlerhaft. Eine neue Beweisführung zeigt, daß das Prinzip dennoch verwertbar ist, was durch Simulation am Analogrechner und Aufbau einer fluidischen Schaltung erhärtet wird.
Rechner-Regelung der Neutronenflußverteilung in einem Leistungsreaktor / Computer control of the neutron flux distribution in a power reactor
Authors: Grumbach R.
Published: November 2015

Die Neutronenflußverteilung in einem großen Kernreaktor unterliegt Störeinflüssen, deren Auswirkungen durch Regelung beherrscht werden müssen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein mit Hilfe eines Prozeßrechners anwendbares Verfahren entwickelt, das ein Regelungsgesetz aus einem Modell des vorhandenen Prozeßzustands errechnet; um zeitraubende physikalische Rechnungen zu vermeiden, werden die benötigten Modellparameter fortlaufend durch empirische Prozeßerkennung ermittelt. In Experimenten mit einem Leistungsreaktor wurde die Anwendbarkeit des Regelungsverfahrens bewiesen.
Zustandsregler in einläufigen Regelkreisen / State controllars in Single input—Single Output control loops
Authors: Hippe P.
Published: November 2015

Untersucht werden Zustandsregler für lineare, zeitinvariante Systeme mit einem Eingang und einem Ausgang. Es wird gezeigt, daß das Führungsverhalten des geschlossenen Regelkreises durch die Einführung eines Beobachters nicht beeinflußt wird, daß das Störverhalten jedoch von der Beobachterdynamik abhängt. Ferner wird der Einfluß einer 1-Rückführung im Zustandsregelkreis untersucht und der so erweiterte Zustandsregler mit einem PID-Regler verglichen.
The application of spherical standards for the evaluation of the accuracy of mapping shape in computed tomography
Authors: Ryniewicz Andrzej , Ostrowska Ksenia , Ryniewicz Wojciech , Sładek Jerzy , Bojko Łukasz , Krawczyk Marcin
Published: November 2015

Anatomical structures are characterized by free surfaces, and most are in lobed and pseudo-spherical shapes. The aim of this article is to analyze selected procedures for accuracy assessment of the shape and dimensions of these structures using certified sphere and Ball Bar standards and to propose metrology parameters facilitating comparison of diagnostic devices. The spherical standard of various materials and Ball Bar standards with various distances between spheres centers can be a tool for evaluation of computed tomography metrology applications. Errors in geometry mapping can be identified on the basis of standardized control systems used in coordinate measuring techniques.
Evaluation of autologous tissue sources for the isolation of endothelial cells and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to pre-vascularize tissue-engineered vascular grafts
Authors: Lau Skadi , Schrimpf Claudia , Klingenberg Melanie , Helfritz Fabian , Aper Thomas , Haverich Axel , Wilhelmi Mathias , Böer Ulrike
Published: November 2015

Currently used synthetic vascular grafts bear a high infection risk due to insufficient microvascularization of the graft wall disabling the infiltration of immune cells. Tissue-engineered grafts with a functional pre-vascularization thus would be desirable. However, autologous tissue sources for capillary forming cells need to be evaluated. Here, peripheral blood outgrowth endothelial cells (PB-OEC) from 17 healthy donors and pericyte-like mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ASC) of 17 patients scheduled for visceral surgery were characterized and investigated regarding their ability to form capillary-like networks in plasma-derived fibrin gels. To obtain proliferating PB-OEC with endothelial cell-specific properties (CD31-, VE-cadherin-expression, ac-LDL uptake and three-dimensional (3D)-tube formation in fibrin gels) both enrichment of CD34
Therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab: performance evaluation of three commercial ELISA kits
Authors: Schmitz Ellen M.H. , van de Kerkhof Daan , Hamann Dörte , van Dongen Joost L.J. , Kuijper Philip H.M. , Brunsveld Luc , Scharnhorst Volkher , Broeren Maarten A.C.
Published: November 2015

Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of infliximab (IFX, Remicade®) can aid to optimize therapy efficacy. Many assays are available for this purpose. However, a reference standard is lacking. Therefore, we evaluated the analytical performance, agreement and clinically relevant differences of three commercially available IFX ELISA kits on an automated processing system.

Methods: The kits of Theradiag (Lisa Tracker Infliximab), Progenika (Promonitor IFX) and apDia (Infliximab ELISA) were implemented on an automated processing system. Imprecision was determined by triplicate measurements of patient samples on five days. Agreement was evaluated by analysis of 30 patient samples and four spiked samples by the selected ELISA kits and the in-house IFX ELISA of Sanquin Diagnostics (Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Therapeutic consequences were evaluated by dividing patients into four treatment groups using cut-off levels of 1, 3 and 7 μg/mL and determining assay concordance.

Results: Within-run and between-run imprecision were acceptable (≤12% and ≤17%, respectively) within the quantification range of the selected ELISA kits. The apDia assay had the best precision and agreement to target values. Statistically significant differences were found between all assays except between Sanquin Diagnostics and the Lisa Tracker assay. The Promonitor assay measured the lowest IFX concentrations, the apDia assay the highest. When patients were classified in four treatment categories, 70% concordance was achieved.

Conclusions: Although all assays are suitable for TDM, significant differences were observed in both imprecision and agreement. Therapeutic consequences were acceptable when patients were divided in treatment categories, but this could be improved by assay standardization.
Brands and Food-Related Decision Making in the Laboratory: How Does Food Branding Affect Acute Consumer Choice, Preference, and Intake Behaviours? A Systematic Review of Recent Experimental Findings
Authors: Boyland Emma J. , Christiansen Paul
Published: November 2015

Background: Several studies have explored factors influencing consumer choice of foods and non-alcoholic beverages (hereafter, foods), and brand information has been shown to affect potential determinants of eating behaviour, such as consumer attitudes. However, experimental studies have yet to fully elucidate the impact of brand information (presence versus absence of brand imagery) on actual behaviour, in terms of acute food-related decision making. This study aimed to review recent developments and identify key methodological considerations and future directions for this field.

Methods: This was a systematic review of recent experimental studies in which actual foods were presented to participants, with brand information manipulated at the point of taking an acute outcome measure of preference, choice or intake. Three electronic databases were searched for relevant publications (Web of Science, PubMed and PsycINFO). In order to capture recent research developments, searches were limited to English language papers published in the last five years (2010–) and electronic searches were supplemented by a manual search of reference sections in eligible papers.

Results: Ten papers were eligible for inclusion in this review, reporting on eleven experiments. Overall, the results did not show conclusively whether or not brand information affects acute food-related decision making, although effects on food intake were more consistent than effects on preference and choice. Where an impact of brand information was found, it appeared to be moderated by individual differences, specifically weight status, gender and psychological profile (particularly restraint).

Conclusion: This study highlighted the small number of relevant recent studies on this topic, and the substantial heterogeneity in design that exists across this literature. There is a clear need for more high quality, methodologically consistent research of branding effects on immediate food-related decisions. Consistent outcome reporting (such as demarcation of reporting across pertinent participant sub-groups) should also be encouraged to enable accurate comparisons and allow reliable conclusions to be drawn.
The Role of Knowledge in Choice, Valuation, and Outcomes for Multi-Attribute Goods
Authors: Gustafson Christopher R.
Published: November 2015

Though the number of choices that individuals routinely must make has proliferated, comparatively little attention has been paid in the economics literature to consumer – compared to expert – knowledge, and its role in facilitating valuation and affecting choice outcomes. In this article, I review relevant work in economics, and then focus on research on knowledge that has used wine as the object of interest. Psychologists and sensory scientists have studied the role of wine expertise in sensory perception and categorization, and I review this literature to suggest how knowledge might also affect valuation and choice in the wine market. I finish by describing three recent studies on the role of knowledge in consumer valuation, information use, and choice outcomes in the American wine market. All three studies provide strong evidence that consumer knowledge is an important variable to consider in markets for differentiated products. Knowledge allows people to make greater use of objective label information when valuing wine in an experimental auction context, with high knowledge participants updating their bids more after participants received new information. In a field experiment, we find that high knowledge consumers derive greater value when selecting wines from a substantial inventory than do low knowledge consumers.
A Cup Today or a Pot Later: On the Discounting of Delayed Caffeinated Beverages
Authors: Jarmolowicz David P. , Lemley Shea M. , Cruse Dylan , Sofis Michael J.
Published: November 2015

Delay discounting describes how the subjective value of a given commodity decreases as the delay to receiving that commodity increases. Decades of behavioral economic research have found that individuals suffering from a range of clinical conditions (e.g., drug addiction, obesity) tend to devalue delayed rewards more quickly than individuals without said clinical conditions and that such individuals tend to discount subjectively equivalent amounts of their disorder-related commodity (e.g., cocaine for a cocaine dependent individual) more rapidly than money. Rates of discounting in regular caffeine users versus occasional caffeine users remain unknown, as does the rate at which individuals discount delayed caffeinated beverages. The present study used a novel discounting questionnaire to examine discounting of caffeinated beverages and money in daily and occasional caffeine users. As with other commodities, caffeinated beverages were discounted at higher rates than money, but this elevated rate of caffeine discounting was only seen in occasional users. Unlike users of other psychostimulants, daily caffeine users did not discount more rapidly than controls. These findings are discussed in light on the existing body of evidence on delay discounting.
Diagnostic approach in children with unusual symptoms of acquired hypothyroidism. When to look for pituitary hyperplasia?
Authors: Kocova Mirjana , Zdraveska Nikolina , Kacarska Rozana , Kochova Elena
Published: November 2015

Pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary longstanding hypothyroidism has been reported in the literature in adults and rarely in children.

Here we present the clinical presentation and diagnostic procedures in eight children with pituitary hyperplasia due to autoimmune thyroiditis, highlighting common findings, such as growth delay, fatigue or gaining weight, but also exceptional findings such as pericardial effusion, rhabdomyolysis, isolated hypertrichosis, and Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome, which have rarely or never been described.

Surprisingly no thyroid enlargement was detected. We discuss the unusual presenting signs of autoimmune thyroiditis that should raise the suspicion of pituitary hyperplasia. We suggest that a more elaborate clinical assessment and even modification of the diagnostic approach to autoimmune thyroiditis is needed in order to avoid its serious complications.
Bark-stripping damage by Callosciurus finlaysonii introduced into Italy
Authors: Mori Emiliano , Mazzoglio Peter John , Rima Patrizia Carla , Aloise Gaetano , Bertolino Sandro
Published: November 2015

The Finlayson’s squirrel
Effects of chemical plating time on the electromechanical properties of ionic polymer metal composites
Authors: Zhao Gang , Sun Zhuangzhi , Guo Huajun , Bi Hongshi , Xu Yan , Muhammad Farid
Published: November 2015

The electromechanical properties of ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are affected by many factors that are closely related to different physical and chemical preparation processes. This article focuses on the effects of chemical plating time on the electromechnical properties of IPMCs. First, a laminated electrode model, composed of a middle layer and a surface electrode layer, is presented in order to understand the factors affecting the electromechanical properties of IPMCs. Subsequently, the electromechanical properties were further performed by changing the chemical plating time of the polymer samples, and the impact effects were obtained by morphology characteristic analysis. The experiments revealed the mechanisms that lead to a decrease in surface electrode thickness under different chemical plating times as well as a decline in electromechanical properties.
A thermal-plastic model of friction stir welding in aluminum alloy
Authors: Peilei Zhang , Hua Yan , Chonggui Li , Zhishui Yu , Qinghua Lu
Published: November 2015

A three-dimensional heat transfer model for friction stir welding is presented in this paper. A moving coordinate was introduced to reduce the difficulty of modeling the moving tool. Heat input from the tool shoulder and the tool pin were considered in the model. The plastic deformation heat was introduced into the model, too. It is clear that the heat production increased owing to plastic deformation, and this process depends on the stress level. Temperature measurement experiments were done to validate the calculated results. The calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental results. Preheating the workpiece is beneficial to obtain a good weld seam.
The modulated structures of La2–x
Pr
x
O2MnSe2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) and La2–x
Nd
x
O2MnSe2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6)
Authors: Peschke Simon , Johrendt Dirk
Published: November 2015

The solid solutions La2–x
Pr
x
O2MnSe2 (0≤x≤1) and La2–x
Nd
x
O2MnSe2 (0≤x≤0.6) were synthesized in a NaI/KI flux between 800 and 900°C. The selenide oxides adopt a ZrCuSiAs-related structure with modulated [MnSe2]2–-layers which consist of a mixture of edge- and corner-sharing MnSe4/2-tetrahedra. The crystal structures are described with a (3+1)D model in superspace group Cmme(α0½)0s0. The modulation vector q can be controlled by partial substitution of La3+ for Pr3+ and Nd3+ via the unit cell volume leading to, amongst others, (La0.55Pr0.45)2O2MnSe2 with α=1/6, which allows the projection onto 3D space by using a simple sixfold a axis.
Astragalectomía. Evaluación funcional y radiográfica. Reporte de 5 casos. [Talectomy. Functional and radiographic evaluation. Report of 5 cases]
Authors: Radkievich Ruben David , Sancevich Juan Ignacio , Seletti Maximiliano Carlos , D´Elia Martin , Lombardo Ernesto
Published: November 2015

 

Objetivos: Analizar las indicaciones de la astragalectomía y evaluar resultados radiográficos y funcionales de la técnica en cuatro pacientes.

Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluaron funcional (Score AOFAS) y radiológicamente (Rx y RMI) 5 astragalectomías en 4 pacientes con diferentes etiologías. Caso 1 y 4 osteonecrosis infectada secundario a fracturas expuestas de astrágalo, caso 2 osteonecrosis asociada a equino varo y retropié rígido, secuela de fractura expuesta grave de tibia y caso 3, equino varo y retropié rígido neurológico bilateral .Todos los  pacientes del sexo masculino. Edad promedio 32.5 años (19 a 56).

Abordaje anteroexterno en pié y tobillo .Astragalectomía y fijación en posición de corrección con 2 clavos de Steinmann de3 mm. Tenotomía del Aquiles u otros procedimientos según necesidad.

Resultados: Seguimiento de 38 meses (15 A 84), sin signos de osteoartrosis, o signos leves y sin dolor. Score AOFAS de 81,4 puntos (prequirúrgico de 17), una discrepancia de longitud del miembro inferior de2 cm, y un rango de flexo-extensión de 18° en promedio (variancia entre 10° y 45°). Dos varo leves del retropié y tres alineaciones neutras asintomáticos.

Conclusión: Se observa una buena correlación entre la sintomatología de los pacientes, la alineación adecuada y los escasos signos imagenológicos de artrosis tibiocalcánea o en el resto del pié. Ante la imposibilidad técnica de artrodesis o artroplastía de tobillo como método de tratamiento, la astragalectomía es un método de salvataje para pacientes con deformidades muy severas, o déficit de stock óseo e infecciones recalcitrantes de la articulación del tobillo.
Enclavado endomedular en fracturas del tercio distal de tibia. [Intramedullary nailing in distal tibial fracture.]
Authors: Arroquy Damian , Chahla Jorge , Gomez Rodriguez Gustavo , Cid Casteulani Alberto , Svarzchtein Santiago , Gomez Diego , Pesciallo Cesar
Published: November 2015

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los resultados obtenidos con enclavado endomedular acerrojado en pacientes con fractura del tercio distal de tibia.

Materiales y métodos

Los criterios de inclusión del presente estudio fueron: pacientes esqueléticamente maduros con fracturas desplazadas del tercio distal  de tibia, tratadas con clavo endomedular con un seguimiento mínimo de un año. Se excluyeron las fracturas expuestas Gustilo III  y las fracturas tipo C de la clasificación AO (Trazo articular completo). La muestra quedo conformada por 35 pacientes. El tiempo de seguimiento postoperatorio fue de 29,2 meses. Se evaluó el tiempo de consolidación, consolidación viciosa y complicaciones. Los resultados funcionales fueron descriptos según el score AOFAS.

Resultados

De los 35 pacientes con fractura del tercio distal de tibia la totalidad de los mismos presentaron consolidación de la fractura.  El tiempo promedio de consolidación fue de 17,2 semanas (rango:11-26). Del total de la muestra, 5 pacientes presentaron retardo de consolidación, requiriendo la dinamización del clavo en promedio a las 12 semanas.

La consolidación viciosa se hizo presente en 4(11,4%) pacientes. No encontramos diferencia estadística (p: 0,201) en el tiempo de consolidación entre las fracturas asociadas con fracturas del peroné tratadas (13sem) o no (17sem). El score AOFAS, fue de 86 puntos.

Conclusión

Se plantea el enclavado endomedular con múltiples cerrojos distales como una buena alternativa de tratamiento para las fracturas de tibia distal AO tipo A o B, con bajo porcentaje de complicaciones y un alto índice de consolidación.
Inhibitory effects of an extract of fruits of Physalis peruviana on some intestinal carbohydrases
Authors: Rey Diana Patricia , Ospina Luis Fernando , Aragón Diana Marcela
Published: November 2015

Physalis peruviana es una especie andina, cuyos frutos además de ser usados como alimento, son empleados en la medicina tradicional para el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus. Además, estudios farmacológicos previos en ratas Wistar han demostrado actividad antidiabética de extractos de frutos de P. peruviana. Con el fin de profundizar en el modo de acción de la actividad antidiabética de los frutos de P. peruviana, en la presente investigación se determinó la concentración inhibitoria 50 (CI50) del extracto crudo de frutos de P. peruviana, sobre las enzimas alfa glucosidasa obtenida de S. cerevisiae y de polvo intestinal de rata, maltasa y alfa amilasa. El comportamiento cinético del extracto sobre cada una de las enzimas también fue investigado y la constante enzimática (Km) y la velocidad máxima (Vmax) fueron determinadas. El extracto de frutos de P. peruviana, mostró diferentes valores de CI50 para alfa glucosidasa obtenida de S. cerevisiae y para la obtenida de polvo intestinal de rata, sugiriendo una mayor afinidad por la enzima de origen mamífero (4114,7 and 3552,7 µg/mL, respectivamente). Para maltasa la CI50 fue cercana a la obtenida para alfa glucosidasa (4191,0 µg/mL), mientras para alfa amilasa, el extracto presentó la mayor inhibición (CI50: 619,9 g/mL). Respecto al comportamiento cinético, el extracto mostró inhibición de tipo competitiva sobre alfa glucosidasa y maltasa y no competitiva sobre alfa amilasa. Los resultados sugieren que la inhibición de carbohidrasas intestinales es uno de los modos de acción de los frutos de P. peruviana como agente antidiabético.
Comparative calorimetry study of the phenol and acetaminophen adsorption on activated carbon in aqueous solution
Authors: Bernal Valentina , Giraldo Liliana , Moreno-Piraján Juan Carlos
Published: November 2015

Se determinan las entalpías de inmersión en soluciones acuosas de fenol y acetaminofén y en agua de tres carbones activados que difieren en el contenido de grupos oxigenados superficiales con el propósito de conocer la intensidad de las interacciones energéticas entre los compuestos y los carbones activados. Los carbones activados presentan valores de área superficial y volúmenes de microporo similares, alrededor de 850 m2.g-1 y 0,35 cm3.g-1, respectivamente, y difieren en el contenido de grupos químicos superficiales que son los que interactúan con los solutos que se encuentran en solución acuosa. Los valores obtenidos para las entalpías de inmersión de los carbones activados en agua están entre -32 y -66 J.g-1. Las entalpías de inmersión de los carbones activados en las soluciones de 100 mg.L-1 y 10 mg.mL-1 de fenol y acetaminofén se encuentran entre -18 y -157 J.g-1, que indican una mayor interacción para los dos solutos con el carbón activado que tiene mayor contenido de grupos básicos superficiales.
Producción de polisacáridos a partir de Ganoderma sp., aislado en la región andina
Authors: López Legarda Xiomara , Arboleda Echavarría Carolina , Segura Sanchez Freimar
Published: November 2015

Título en ingles: Polysaccharides production by Ganoderma sp., isolated from andina region

Los hongos de la podredumbre blanca de la madera, como Ganoderma sp., han sido utilizados alrededor del mundo por sus propiedades medicinales, ya que poseen compuestos bioactivos como los triterpenos y los polisacáridos. Esta investigación se centra en la producción de polisacáridos a escala de laboratorio y de biorreactor, a partir de Ganoderma sp., aislado en la región andina, utilizando como sustrato un residuo ligninocelulósico de la industria agrícola suplementado con glucosa y lactosa. Se encontró que las condiciones más adecuadas y viables para la producción de biomasa y polisacáridos de Ganoderma sp., son: medio Bio 3%, 10 días de incubación, lactosa 10%, pH= 4,0, T= 30°C, 300 rpm y 1 vvm. Los ensayos espectrofotométricos (fenol ácido sulfúrico y escaneo en UV entre 200 y 400 nm), enzimáticos y de infrarrojo permitieron identificar y cuantificar glucanos y algunas proteínas en los extractos, sugiriendo que los hongos endógenos de la región Andina poseen características propias de metabolitos importantes a nivel medicinal. Adicionalmente se demostró el efecto antiproliferativo en células J774, especialmente del extracto GIPSi (IC50= 86%) similar al efecto generado por estándares comerciales.
Análisis prospectivo de los bioinsumos agrícolas en Colombia: una consulta a expertos
Authors: Zambrano Moreno Diana Corina , Bonilla Buitrago Ruth Rebeca , Avellaneda Laura , Zambrano Gregorio
Published: November 2015

Título en ingles: Prospective analysis of agricultural bioinoculants in Colombia: an expert consultation

La productividad y sostenibilidad de la agricultura en Colombia pueden ser influidas positivamente a través del aprovechamiento de la biodiversidad para la producción de bioinsumos. Fueron analizados a mediano y largo plazo, los posibles escenarios futuros generados por las regulaciones que intervienen en el avance tecnológico de los bioinsumos, a través de la aplicación de una encuesta Delphi, con la participación de 23 expertos, teniendo en cuenta las tres dimensiones del desarrollo sostenible. Sobre la base de este estudio, se encontró que el 65% de los expertos consideran que el impacto de la innovación o el desarrollo tecnológico del uso de bioinsumos en la producción agrícola, tiene un alto impacto económico con un nivel de concordancia significativo (≥0.05). Adicionalmente, el 65% seleccionó como el mejor escenario, en el cual se den condiciones que promuevan mayor desarrollo, acceso y aplicación de los bioinsumos, de tal forma que se incremente el ritmo de incorporación de la tecnología por parte de los productores. En conclusión, más allá del nivel de desarrollo tecnológico, es necesario revisar los procesos legislativos para la comercialización de los bioinsumos, fue evidente que el éxito futuro de la industria de la producción de productos biológicos dependerá de la gestión de empresas innovadoras, la eficiente comercialización de los mismos, la educación y transferencia a los productores y el progreso de la investigación.
Propagación in vitro de materiales seleccionados de Rubus glaucus Benth (mora de Castilla) en la provincia de Pamplona, región nororiental de Colombia
Authors: Cancino-Escalante Giovanni Orlando , Quevedo García Enrique , Villamizar Carmen Edilia , Díaz Carvajal Claudia
Published: November 2015

Título en ingles: Propagation in vitro of selected materials of Rubus glaucus Benth (mora de Castilla) in the province of Pamplona, northeastern Colombia

En este estudio los materiales fueron seleccionados en 53 fincas pertenecientes a cuatro asociaciones de cultivadores de mora en los municipios de Pamplona y Chitagá (Norte de Santander, Colombia). Se emplearon como explantes segmentos nodales, los cuales permitieron obtener en poco tiempo brotes adventicios adecuados para la multiplicación masiva. Para la etapa de establecimiento se empleó el medio de cultivo Murashige y Skoog, (MS 1962), suplementado con ácido giberélico (GA3) (0.0-0.1 mg/L) y 6-benzil aminopurina (BAP) (0,0-2,0 mg/L), en la etapa de multiplicación MS ,suplementado con GA3 (0,0-0,03 mg/L-1) y BAP (0,0-2,5 mg/L) y para la etapa de enraizamiento MS, suplementados con ácido indolbutírico (AIB) (0,0-1,0 mg/L). A los datos generados en las tres etapas, se les aplicó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar y se analizaron estadísticamente los promedios de los tratamientos mediante una prueba de Tukey. Los resultados alcanzados indicaron tasas promedio de contaminación (16,5-49,7 %) multiplicación (3,8-4,3 brotes/explante) y enraizamiento (3,3-4,3 raíces/planta) in vitro para los diferentes materiales seleccionados y evaluados. Estos resultados, logrados por primera vez en la región Nororiental de Colombia, son importantes por cuanto se contara con materiales seleccionados disponibles para los cultivadores de mora de la región.
A crítica de Adorno à ontologia fundamental de Heidegger a partir da interpretação heideggeriana de Kant
Authors: Silveira Sara Juliana Pozzer da
Published: November 2015

Este artigo analisa a crítica de Adorno à ontologia de Heidegger. Para tal, utiliza como leitmotiv a interpretação heideggeriana de Kant. Procuraremos mostrar que para Adorno a edificação da ontologia fundamental a partir da filosofia de Kant é uma interpretação indevida desta. Por fim, procura apontar uma possível saída na filosofia de Adorno para o problema da necessidade de fundamentação do discurso filosófico. Tal saída passa pela constatação da importância da arte para a construção da universalidade na filosofia.
Considerações sobre a teoria do cérebro triuno e sua relevância para uma filosofia da mente e das emoções
Authors: Mograbi Gabriel José Corrêa
Published: November 2015

Este artigo estabelece algumas relações fundamentais entre evolução, a teoria do cérebro triuno e a relevância que esta pode ter para a fundamentação empírica de uma filosofia da mente e das emoções. Inicialmente, será especialmente considerada a posição do filósofo Ronald de Sousa no seu já clássico artigo “The Mind’s Bermuda Triangle: Philosophy of Emotions and Empirical Science”, parte do Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Emotions. A segunda seção discute a validade da teoria do “cérebro triuno” como abordagem neuroetológica evolutiva, delineando sua divisão tripartite do cérebro e analisando críticas e elogios às suas ideias, além de considerações de neurocientistas importantes no campo do estudo das emoções como Ledoux e Panksepp sobre tal tema. Na terceira seção, trato de um trabalho de Pollen e Hofmann que nos serve de apresentação de novas abordagens contemporâneas para a compreensão da evolução do cérebro. Como conclusão delineio um marco de trabalho na forma de uma agenda de pesquisa para as relações entre biologia evolutiva, neurociência e o estudo filosófico das emoções.
Organismo e função reguladora: determinações do vivo em Georges Canguilhem
Authors: Labrea Vanessa Nicola , Madarasz Norman Roland
Published: November 2015

O artigo compreende o cerne da obra de Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995) como um ponto de cruzamento entre problemáticas fundamentalmente médico biológicas e problemáticas sócio-políticas. A consideração histórica descontinuísta do desenvolvimento de conceitos científicos e a classificação da técnica enquanto prótese do organismo vivo, entre outras particularidades, situam o pensamento canguilhemeano na fronteira entre áreas do conhecimento demarcadas separadamente. O que integra e individualiza o seu trabalho filosófico é a ponderação do vital enquanto categoria de base para intelecção e reconstrução de problemas interdisciplinares. Após indicar o posicionamento de Canguilhem dentro do quadro da filosofia francesa do século XX, o artigo procura demonstrar de que maneira a função de regulação é um dos pilares organizadores do pensamento do “vivo” (le vivant) em sua obra.
Desafíos de la antropología de la religión en América Latina para abordar el tema del cristianismo entre pueblos indígenas
Authors: Pachecho Daniel
Published: November 2015

El artículo presenta un análisis desde la antropología de la religión sobre las relaciones entre cristianismo y pueblos indígenas, analizando algunos documentos y declaraciones relacionados con el tema, tanto de parte de autoridades cristianas como de comunidades indígenas. Se busca, a futuro, fomentar el diálogo y la construcción mutua entre pueblos indígenas e iglesias cristianas, para fortalecer las posibilidades de desarrollo autónomo de los pueblos indígenas de América Latina.
La herencia alfarera en la península de Nicoya: Persistencia de una tradición
Authors: Weil Jim , Herrera Anayensy
Published: November 2015

La documentación de la manufactura de tres tipos de piezas cerámicas en San Vicente de Nicoya posibilita inferencias en cuanto a las continuidades y los cambios en las materias primas, las herramientas, las técnicas, la organización del trabajo, los estilos y los usos. Los hallazgos sirven a los propósitos de arqueólogos, historiadores y etnólogos en busca de elementos que revelen tradiciones artesanales antiguas y recientes, que todavía se experimentan en el presente. Tales investigaciones interdisciplinarias contribuyen al rescate y reforzamiento de la herencia cultural local
Producción social del espacio y procesos rituales: Análisis de la práctica de la diana en San Pedro de Barva
Authors: González Marco
Published: November 2015

El siguiente artículo se deriva de la investigación denominada “Espacio, ritual y estructura social: el amanecer de los mantudos y la espantaperros”, realizada en el programa de maestría en Antropología de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Los resultados han sido producto del trabajo etnográfico entre el 2011 y 2013. Se propone que la producción social del espacio no solamente se relaciona con la interacción de formas económicas locales y globales, sino que responde además a las continuidades y rupturas entre prácticas simbólicas que engendran y mantienen la noción de identidad local. Se podría decir entonces que esta es una de las características del cambio sociocultural que deriva en transformación del territorio y las estructuras sociales que lo definen.
A possible contribution to improving the therapeutic potentials of Babor's Typology of Alcohol Dependent Patients
Authors: Ribeiro Mário Sérgio , Ribeiro Luiz Cláudio , Ferreira Rafael Augusto
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this study was to replicate Babor's Typology and to explore clinical features related to personality traits that may underlie this classification, in order to improve its therapeutic possibilities. Methods Observational prospective study on a group of 273 male alcoholics. After a replication of Babor's variables, Cluster Analysis, Chi-Square – applied on clinical variables related to a Lappda Tipology – and Kappa tests were performed. Results The study identified two distinct clusters that held similar features to those described for the Type A/Type B classification. Besides presenting a lower socio-economic situation, Cluster 2 patients were associated with higher vulnerability and severe clinical features and also differed from Cluster 1 in their response to treatment. These replicated clusters retained connections and also differences in relation to the variables derived from the Lappda Typology. Conclusion Considering that each of the two replicated clusters seem to be associated to different personality traits – according to their correlations to the affective, cognitive and behavioral dimensions brought forward by the Lappda Typology – it is acceptable that this study may contribute to the development of more comprehensive and effective therapeutic strategies specifically tailored to target more specific personality traits of these subgroups of alcoholic patients.
Adaptação transcultural do Questionário sobre Conhecimento de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis para o português brasileiro
Authors: Teixeira Lisiane Ortiz , Figueiredo Vera Lúcia Marques , Mendoza-Sassi Raúl Andrés
Published: November 2015

Objetivo Adaptar o Questionário sobre Conhecimento de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis (STD-KQ) para o português do Brasil. Métodos O instrumento foi traduzido para o português e retraduzido para o inglês de forma independente. Seis juízes avaliaram a validade aparente e a validade de conteúdo. A validade de conteúdo foi mensurada pelo Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo para cada item (CVCc) e para o questionário como um todo (CVCt). A discussão com a população foi realizada por meio de grupos focais com 15 usuários de centros comunitários e 15 universitários. A dimensão teórica do instrumento foi calculada pelo coeficiente Kappa. Resultados Um item foi retirado por apresentar baixa validade de conteúdo (CVCc < 0,80). Duas questões sobre sífilis foram acrescentadas. Para dimensão teórica, houve substancial concordância entre os juízes. Conclusão Os resultados mostraram que, para clareza da linguagem (CVCt = 0,89), pertinência prática (CVCt = 0,92) e relevância teórica (CVCt = 0,93), os itens propostos parecem adequados para a realização de futuras investigações sobre a validade de constructo e a fidedignidade, os quais produzirão evidências sobre a aplicabilidade desse questionário para avaliação do conhecimento no tema abordado.
Simulação e estudos de caso no ensino de planejamento e controle da produção: um survey com professores da engenharia de produção
Authors: Girotti Leonel José , Mesquita Marco Aurélio de
Published: November 2015

Resumo A geração de valor depende das prioridades competitivas (custo, qualidade, flexibilidade, serviço e entrega) que apoiam a estratégia empresarial. O papel dos Sistemas de Planejamento e Controle da Produção é fornecer informação e modelos para gestão eficiente dos recursos produtivos. Esta pesquisa trata do ensino dos tópicos MRP e APS/PF (programação finita) nos cursos de PCP. Os objetivos incluem levantar as práticas de ensino desses tópicos, focando nas estratégias simulação e estudos de caso, e avaliar se os professores diferenciam as duas abordagens de programação. O método empregado foi um survey com professores da Engenharia de Produção. Os resultados indicam que ambos os tópicos são amplamente abordados nos cursos (MRP: 100% abordam e 91% o consideram importante; APS: 81% e 72%, respectivamente). Destaca-se também que 78% consideram importante diferenciar as abordagens e que 85% acreditam que o uso de estudos de caso com software contribui para a melhoria do aprendizado.
Promoção de crescimento de arroz por rizóbios em diferentes níveis de adubação nitrogenada
Authors: Osorio Filho Benjamin Dias , Binz Andréia , Lima Rafael Friedrich , Giongo Adriana , Sá Enilson Luiz Saccol de
Published: November 2015

RESUMO: Embora os rizóbios não apresentem a capacidade de fixar nitrogênio em plantas de arroz, estes podem estimular o crescimento da parte aérea e da raiz, aumentando a absorção de nutrientes, como o nitrogênio, e a produtividade. Com o trabalho, avaliou-se o efeito de rizóbios em promover o crescimento de plantas de arroz em função de doses de nitrogênio (N). Efetuou-se um experimento com vasos contendo solo e plantas da cultivar IRGA 424. As plantas foram inoculadas com oito isolados de rizóbios e adubadas com doses equivalentes a 0, 40, 80 e 160kg N ha-1. Avaliou-se a matéria seca e a quantidade de N acumulada na parte aérea e o perfilhamento das plantas. O efeito do N no crescimento de arroz aumentou com a inoculação de rizóbios. A matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas inoculadas e que receberam, aproximadamente, metade da maior dose de N foi equivalente às que receberam a maior dose desse nutriente e sem inoculação. Além disso, a inoculação com rizóbios aumentou o perfilhamento e a absorção de N. A inoculação de rizóbios em arroz, embora não dispense a adubação nitrogenada, tem potencial para aumentar a produção e a eficiência do uso do N.
Genetic divergence between genotypes for male and female broilers
Authors: Veloso Rogério de Carvalho , Ferreira Talita Andrade , Winkelstroter Larissa Kretli , Silva Maria Teresa Polcaro , Pires Aldrin Vieira , Torres Filho Rodolpho de Almeida , Pinheiro Sandra Regina Freitas
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to verify the genetic divergence amongst three broiler genotype, from both sexes, by means of a multivariate performance analysis and carcass traits. Nine hundred and ninety sexed, one-day chicks were utilized; belonged to the following genetic groups: Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex, and Ross 308. The study evaluated the daily average weight gain, the daily average ration consumption, feed conversion, body weight, weight and performance for breast, and carcass over the period from 1 to 35, and from 1 to 42 days of age. Performance of the genetic groups was evaluated by means of multivariate analysis of variance and by Fisher's linear discriminant function, using Roy's largest eigenvalue and Roy's union-intersection test for multiple comparisons. The genetic divergence study was carried out through the analysis of canonical variables and through Tocher method. Female animals from Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex, and Ross 308 genetic groups presented different canonical averages from males of the same groups. First two canonical variables explained 88.10% of variation between genetic groups. Genetic divergence between the evaluated groups allowed formation of two clusters with the following genotypes: Cluster 1 - Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex and Ross 308 females; Cluster 2 - Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex and Ross 308 males.
STRATEGIES FOR FAMILIES OF CHILDREN SERVED IN PEDIATRIC FIRST AID: THE SEARCH FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF INTEGRALITY
Authors: Buboltz Fernanda Luisa , Silveira Andressa da , Neves Eliane Tatsch
Published: November 2015

This qualitative study aimed to understand the strategies of families in the pursuit of health care for children treated in a Pediatric Emergency Department. Semi-structured interviews were held with twelve family caregivers of children attended in PED at a teaching hospital in the period March-June 2013. The data were analyzed based on the premises of content analysis. Results showed that the lack of problem-solving ability of primary care health services increases the demand for emergency care services. Relatives seek the Pediatric Emergency Department as first choice care, weaving alternative networks as a strategy to ensure quality care for their children. The restructuring of health services is recommended, based on the attributes of primary health care, overcoming the current paradigm, focused on the disease and medical consultation with one that considers comprehensive care for children and their family.
ACTIONS/INTERACTIONS MOTIVATING NURSING LEADERSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Authors: Lanzoni Gabriela Marcellino de Melo , Meirelles Betina Hörner Schlindwein , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Thofehrn Maira Buss , Dall'Agnol Clarice Maria
Published: November 2015

The aim of this qualitative study is to understand the actions/interactions identified as motivating leadership for nurses working at Primary Health Care services in a city in the South of Brazil. The Grounded Theory was used as the methodological framework. Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews with twenty-three nurses working in the municipal health network and seven Nursing professors with expertise on the theme, distributed in four sample groups. The analysis revealed the category Composing the profile of nurses for leadership and its importance in health organizations, supported by three subcategories. The nurse exercises leadership driven by personality, vocational training stimulus, characteristics of the profession and influence of the environment. Nurses are influenced and influence the health service, acting in compliance with health policies, helping to foster the participation and integration of other workers in the health services.