bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Consumers’ Preference and Price Premium for Organic Vegetables in Budhanilkantha Municipality Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Acharya Arjun , Paudel Sagar
Published: October 2022

Paying regard to the increasing concern of consumers towards nutrients-loaded food products and agriculture sustainability, the main aim of this paper is to assess the consumers’ willingness to pay the price premium for organic vegetables and to know their perception of the organic vegetables in Budhanilkantha-8 municipality, Kathmandu. A total of 100 respondents were randomly surveyed using a questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire included the demographic section, while in the second part, consumers were asked about their perception of organic vegetable consumption. The consumers’ survey revealed that 28% of the respondents were willing to pay a 0-10% price premium compared to inorganic vegetables. Similarly, 24% were willing to pay a 20-30% price premium. Some (22%) were willing to pay a 10-20% price premium, 9% liked to pay a 30-40% price premium, 1% liked to pay a 40-50% price premium, and 8% were willing to pay greater than 50% price premium, while 8% of surveyed consumers denied paying price premium even in case of product availability. The consumers’ willingness to pay was health properties, followed by freshness and taste. Few factors, such as low availability, low trust, lack of information, and high price, were considered barriers to purchasing organic vegetables. The survey also suggested that the consumption of organic vegetables is increasing; however, to stimulate further demand for its consumption, huge production and timely availability, credible certification, processing, and packaging are needed to be promoted.
A small footprint couch‐top support device for image‐guided radiotherapy of heavy patients
Authors: Chen Huixiao , Morley Kevin , Rodriguez Ronnie , Draeger Emily , Shafiq ul Hassan Muhammad , Chen Zhe (Jay)
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Patients with body weights close to or above 400 lbs present unique challenges in radiation therapy since the weight limit of most treatment couches decreases as the couch‐top extends toward the treatment gantry. The purpose of this work was to develop a small footprint couch‐top support platform to safely perform image‐guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for extremely heavy patients.

Methods

One way to protect the couch‐top from damage and prevent a catastrophic breakdown is to provide additional support as the couch extends toward the treatment gantry. To allow a maximal range of gantry movement, a small‐footprint adjustable jack stand, placed underneath the couch‐top, was chosen and modified from a commercial jack stand (with 1100 lbs capacity). The couch could be easily extended longitudinally and laterally with a modified 8‐ball‐transfer plate mounted at the top. The operation of a couch‐top support platform was used for two heavy patients after phantom testing. kV and MV imaging options and ranges were quantified.

Results

The custom‐constructed couch‐top support platform was found to provide stable support with smooth couch shifts. The small footprint allowed gantry rotation from 133° to 227°, which would allow both fixed beam radiotherapy and partial‐arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). For IGRT, orthogonal 2D kV‐kV image pairs with source angles of 40o and 130o were acquired and tested successfully. With the support platform, two clinical cases with patient weights greater than 415 lbs were successfully treated with image‐guided partial arc VMAT radiotherapy. The study demonstrated the safety and efficiency of using this new couch‐top support platform to prevent couch failure from treating heavy patients.

Conclusions

A new couch‐top support platform has been designed, assembled, and tested for IGRT. The new support platform is easy to use, cost‐effective, and allows extremely heavy patients to be treated safely and robustly with IGRT and VMAT.
Issue brief from Pew recommends cascade of care for OUD
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: October 2022

Beginning with the statement that the most effective treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD) are medications — methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone — an “issue brief” (it's actually quite long) from The Pew Charitable Trusts (Pew) released last week recommended that states set “core metrics to track” the ways in which care is provided for OUD, from diagnosis through recovery.
Opioid treatment worldwide conference set for Baltimore next week
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: October 2022

More than 1,200 leaders in opioid treatment plan to convene in Baltimore later this month for the first in‐person conference of the American Association for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence (AATOD) since October 2019. Speakers including Rahul Gupta, M.D., director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), and Miriam Delphin‐Rittmon, Ph.D., leader of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and assistant secretary for mental health and substance use of the Department of Health and Human Services. In addition to these federal officials, others, including from SAMHSA and ONDCP, plan to be there to present and answer questions.
Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anodes Realized by Synergistically Enhancing Ion Migration Kinetics and Regulating Surface Energy
Authors: Wang Yang , Deng Zheng , Luo Bin , Duan Guosheng , Zheng Sinan , Sun Leilei , Ye Zhizhen , Lu Jianguo , Huang Jingyun , Lu Yingying
Published: October 2022

The Zn metal anode suffers from uncontrollable dendrite formation and intricate parasitic reactions that dramatically impede the commercialization of aqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs). This st proposes synergistic strategies for facilitating Zn2+ migration kinetics and regulating surface energy to achieve dendrite‐free Zn deposition and suppressing self‐corrosion by covering Zn anode with multifunctional covalent organic frameworks possessing sulfonate‐rich (SO3H) covalently‐tethered nanochannels (SCOFs). Benefiting from the vital interplay between SO3H and Zn2+, the SCOFs coatings form ample Zn2+ accelerated transport channels to extract Zn2+ from the electrolyte quickly, thereby promoting rapid desolvation of hydrated Zn2+, enhancing ion replenishment capability, and guaranteeing a steady stream of Zn2+ flux for endowing uniform and compact nucleation. Additionally, the zincophilic SCOFs significantly reduce the surface energy of the Zn (002) crystal plane, inducing preferentially crystallographic (002) orientation electroplating growth. Consequently, the SCOFs‐coated Zn anodes (SCOFs@Zn) demonstrate an excellent lifespan up to 4000 h at 5 mA cm−2, 1 mAh cm−2, and 3000 h at 5 mA cm−2, 2 mAh cm−2. Meanwhile, the full cell paired with the MnO2 cathode sustains remarkable reversibility within 1000 cycles. The synergistic approach to manipulating ion migration and surface energy provides new insights into developing highly stable AZMBs.
Engineering Spin Configurations of Synthetic Antiferromagnet by Controlling Long‐Range Oscillatory Interlayer Coupling and Neighboring Ferrimagnetic Coupling
Authors: Xie Xuejie , Wang Xiujuan , Wang Wei , Zhao Xiaonan , Bai Lihui , Chen Yanxue , Tian Yufeng , Yan Shishen
Published: October 2022

Controllable manipulation of specific spin configurations of magnetic materials is the key to constructing functional spintronic devices. Here, it is demonstrated by integrating the merits of ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, and antiferromagnetic spin configurations into one synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) heterostructure by controlling both long‐range oscillatory interlayer coupling and neighboring ferrimagnetic coupling. A controllable manipulation of four types of spin configurations of the Pt/[Co/Pt/Co]/Ru/CoTb SAF heterostructures composed of ferromagnetic Co/Pt/Co and ferrimagnetic CoTb layers is successfully achieved. In particular, the compensated magnetization, enhanced anomalous Hall resistance in the remanence state, wide‐temperature spin‐orbit torque switching of magnetization, and high immunity to the external magnetic field are simultaneously obtained in one of the SAF heterojunctions with macroscopic interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling. This design concept of engineering spin configurations may enable efficient spin manipulation for customized memory and logic applications.
Optimizing Fouling Resistance of Poly(Sulfabetaine)s through Backbone and Charge Separation
Authors: Karthäuser Jana F. , Koc Julian , Schönemann Eric , Wanka Robin , Aldred Nick , Clare Anthony S. , Rosenhahn Axel , Laschewsky André
Published: October 2022

The three dominating polyzwitterion families, polyphosphatidylcholines, polycarboxybetaines, and polysulfobetaines, all of which provide high fouling resistance, have been complemented by a fourth one recently, the so‐called polysulfabetaines that combine ammonium with sulfate moieties. To elucidate the relationship between their structure and antifouling potential, coatings of a set of systematically varied poly(sulfabetaine methacrylate)s are investigated. In particular, the effects of the spacer groups, either separating the zwitterionic units from the polymer backbone, or the cationic from the anionic charges, are explored, studying the resistance against non‐specific protein adsorption and the accumulation of single species of marine biofouling organisms. All polysulfabetaines are at least as effective, or even more potent than the structurally closely related standard poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate). Their resistance against proteins and fouling organisms can be tuned via the betaine‐to‐backbone spacer. Overall, the polysulfabetaine coatings with the shorter ethylene spacer show higher resistance against non‐specific adsorption of proteins, in particular of lysozyme, or against colonization by diatoms. This may result from the higher steric constraints of the polymer attached zwitterions, favoring particularly advantageous conformations. Moreover, a shorter spacer between the oppositely charged ionic groups of the zwitterionic moiety reduces the settlement of cyprid larvae more effectively.
Rechargeable Potent Anti‐Viral Cotton Grafted with a New Quaternized N‐Chloramine
Authors: Currie Sarah , Cutts Todd , Kasloff Samantha , Wang Weien , Holloway Kimberly , Logsetty Sarvesh , Kumar Anand , Kumar Ayush , Liu Song
Published: October 2022

Polymeric substrates can be endowed with antiviral properties by grafting N‐chloramine precursors to the surface. These surfaces bind oxidative chlorine from a dilute chlorine bleach solution and are similarly recharged after depletion for reuse. Previously, enhanced antibacterial efficacy of quaternized N‐chloramines compared to their neutral counterparts is reported. In this study, a new quaternized N‐chloramine N1‐(3‐methacrylamidopropyl)‐N1,N1,N10,N10‐tetramethyl‐N10‐(2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐4‐yl)decane‐1,10‐diaminium (MAMPIP) featuring two quaternary ammonium groups within the structure to boost the chlorination efficiency and achieve excellent antiviral efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is reported. Antiviral fabrics are prepared by free‐radical graft polymerization of MAMPIP, or copolymerization of MAMPIP with a comonomer (acrylamide or methacrylamide) onto cotton fabrics to achieve enhanced durability to re‐chlorination. The poly(MAMPIP) grafted cotton, after chlorination, is highly effective against SARS‐CoV‐2 and achieves 4.59 log reduction (99.997%) after 5 min contact. Samples grafted with the copolymer of MAMPIP and acrylamide or methacrylamide are resistant to hydrolysis during re‐chlorination and retain high active chlorine and antiviral activity after 5 cycles of re‐chlorination (>3 log reduction after 10 min contact). Furthermore, the N‐chloramine coatings show excellent stability after exposure to simulated daylight conditions under an accelerated weathering tester, and storage for 200 days at 21 °C, 65% RH. The resulting quaternized N‐chloramine grafted cotton is a suitable platform for reusable antiviral textiles.
Osteogenic Differentiated Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells Contribute to Sprouting Angiogenesis Deceleration via Paracrine Excreted IGFBP7
Authors: Sun Shiyu , Cao Cen , Guo Yaru , Hou Yi , Meng Yanze , Li Yuman , Mei Feng , Hu Zhewen , Li Yao , Niu Yuting , Chen Yiming , Chen Lili , Huang Ying , Deng Xuliang
Published: October 2022

Deceleration of sprouting angiogenesis until its final disappearance after blood vessel reconstruction is crucial for controlled tissue repair; however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. It is reported that osteogenic differentiated bone marrow stem cells (OD‐BMSCs) contribute to sprouting angiogenesis deceleration by releasing intrinsic “OFF” signals. In vitro experiments show that insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is the main component of OD‐BMSCs paracrine products which could inhibit the tube formation ability of endothelial cells. In addition, cell functional experiments show that IGFBP7 inhibits sprouting angiogenesis by reducing cell migration and tip cell specification. Furthermore, it is found that early IGFBP7 intervention, which accelerates sprouting angiogenesis deceleration during the early stage of healing, impedes bone defect healing. These results demonstrate that OD‐BMSCs could offer intrinsic inhibitory signals on sprouting angiogenesis and the appropriate emergence timing of these signals is crucial to maintain vasculature homeostasis during bone repairing. These results provide insight into the complex interaction between osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling and suggest the potential therapeutic application of IGFBP7 in regulating vascular homeostasis.
Uniform π‐Conjugated‐Co‐Oligomer‐Based Nanofibers of Controlled Length with Near‐Infrared Emission, Photodynamic and Photothermal Activities
Authors: Ma Junyu , Hao Bingjie , Zhang Sen , Huang Xiaoyu , Lu Guolin , Feng Chun
Published: October 2022

π‐Conjugated‐polymer‐based nanofibers (CPNFs) have attracted considerable interest in the community of nanomedicine owing to their high‐aspect‐ratio architecture and inherent photo‐imaging, photothermal, photodynamic, and photoacoustic properties. However, the preparation of uniform CPNFs of controlled length and composition with near‐infrared emission (NIR), photothermal and photodynamic activity remains in its infancy. A novel block copolymer consisting of a donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D) π‐conjugated co‐oligomer with a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) unit as electron‐deficient acceptor flanked by oligo(p‐ phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) as an electron‐rich donor and a poly(2‐vinylpyridine) (P2VP) block (OPE4‐DPP‐OPE4‐b‐P2VP44, the subscripts describe the extra and average number of repeat units for π‐conjugated OPE segment and P2VP block, respectively) is designed and synthesized. By using the self‐seeding approach of living crystallization‐drive self‐assembly (CDSA), uniform CPNFs containing a D‐A‐D OPE4‐DPP‐OPE4 core and a P2VP corona with tunable length from 31 to 611 nm are generated. The resulting CPNFs exhibit NIR emission with a peak at 837 nm. The CPNFs also can serve as a photosensitizer to efficiently produce single oxygen and show a photothermal effect upon 660 nm irradiation. To the author's best knowledge, it is the first report on the generation of uniform CPNFs of controlled length with NIR emission, and photodynamic and photothermal activities by living CDSA.
Fabrication of Cylindrical Microlens by Femtosecond Laser‐Assisted Hydrofluoric Acid Wet Etching of Fused Silica
Authors: Wu Peichao , Cao Xiaowen , Chen Zhihao , Yuan Hongbing , Yu Jingtian , Juodkazis Saulius , Zhang Wenwu
Published: October 2022

Micro‐optical elements play a key role in various advanced devices, including biomedical, photovoltaic, 3D display, and optical communication devices. As one of the typical micro‐optical elements, cylindrical microlens (CML) can modulate the wavefront phase of the incident light in only one direction. The process methods of CML have been developed and various methods are proposed for CML fabrication. For the simple and versatile fabrication of CML on hard brittle materials, femtosecond laser direct writing combined with hydrofluoric acid (HF) wet etching for removal of laser‐modified regions in fused silica is proposed here for high‐quality CML fabrication. A high‐accuracy CML can be processed by adjusting the HF etching time, femtosecond laser pulse energy, and the position of the laser exposure point. Crossed‐shaped CML can be realized by accurate control of the single laser pulse exposure positions at the intersection in two directions. A series of alphabet‐shaped CML, showing this fabrication method's flexibility is made. The characterization of the CML under a microscope system reveals a good optical focusing ability. The proposed method offers a practical route toward the manufacture of CML on hard brittle materials.
Ni‐Doped CuO Nanoarrays Activate Urea Adsorption and Stabilizes Reaction Intermediates to Achieve High‐Performance Urea Oxidation Catalysts
Authors: Sun Hainan , Liu Jiapeng , Kim Hyunseung , Song Sanzhao , Fei Liangshuang , Hu Zhiwei , Lin Hong‐Ji , Chen Chien‐Te , Ciucci Francesco , Jung WooChul
Published: October 2022

Urea oxidation reaction (UOR) with a low equilibrium potential offers a promising route to replace the oxygen evolution reaction for energy‐saving hydrogen generation. However, the overpotential of the UOR is still high due to the complicated 6e− transfer process and adsorption/desorption of intermediate products. Herein, utilizing a cation exchange strategy, Ni‐doped CuO nanoarrays grown on 3D Cu foam are synthesized. Notably, Ni‐CuO NAs/CF requires a low potential of 1.366 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode to drive a current density of 100 mA cm−2, outperforming various benchmark electrocatalysts and maintaining robust stability in alkaline media. Theoretical and experimental studies reveal that Ni as the driving force center can effectively enhance the urea adsorption and stabilize CO*/NH* intermediates toward the UOR. These findings suggest a new direction for constructing nanostructures and modulating electronic structures, ultimately developing promising Cu‐based electrode catalysts.
Rhesus monkey sociality is stable across time and linked to variation in the initiation but not receipt of prosocial behavior
Authors: Talbot Catherine F. , Madrid Jesus E. , Del Rosso Laura A. , Capitanio John P. , Garner Joseph P. , Parker Karen J.
Published: October 2022

Rhesus monkeys and humans are highly social primates, yet both species exhibit pronounced variation in social functioning, spanning a spectrum of sociality. Naturally occurring low sociality in rhesus monkeys may be a promising construct by which to model social impairments relevant to human autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly if low sociality is found to be stable across time and associated with diminished social motivation. Thus, to better characterize variation in sociality and social communication profiles, we performed quantitative social behavior assessments on N = 95 male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) housed in large, outdoor groups. In Study 1, we determined the social classification of our subjects by rank‐ordering their total frequency of nonsocial behavior. Monkeys with the greatest frequency of nonsocial behavior were classified as low‐social (n = 20) and monkeys with the lowest frequency of nonsocial behavior were classified as high‐social (n = 21). To assess group differences in social communication profiles, in Study 2, we quantified the rates of transient social communication signals, and whether these social signals were initiated by or directed towards the focal subject. Finally, in Study 3, we assessed the within‐individual stability of sociality in a subset of monkeys (n = 11 low‐social, n = 11 high‐social) two years following our initial observations. Nonsocial behavior frequency significantly correlated across the two timepoints (Studies 1 and 3). Likewise, low‐social versus high‐social classification accurately predicted classification two years later. Low‐social monkeys initiated less prosocial behavior than high‐social monkeys, but groups did not differ in receipt of prosocial behavior, nor did they differ in threat behavior. These findings indicate that sociality is a stable, trait‐like characteristic and that low sociality is linked to diminished initiation of prosocial behavior in rhesus macaques. This evidence also suggests that low sociality may be a useful construct for gaining mechanistic insight into the social motivational deficits often observed in people with ASD.
Size and degree of protection of native forest remnants drive the local occupancy of an endangered neotropical primate
Authors: Lins Poliana G. Alves de Souza , Ribeiro‐Júnior José W. , Peres Carlos A. , Penha Jerry
Published: October 2022

Although the species–area relationship is well known, it may interact with and be augmented or cancelled out by other factors, such as local human disturbance. We used data on site occupancy of the Endangered blonde capuchin monkey (Sapajus flavius) based primarily on a standardized program of local interviews to model the influence of past human disturbance on the occurrence of this species across remaining forest patches of northeastern Brazil within the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes. To do so, we assessed environmental covariates that best represent the history of human impacts. We then used single‐species occupancy models to assess site occupancy, while controlling for detection error during sampling. Surprisingly, we obtained a higher occupancy rate in the more arid Caatinga remnants than in the more mesic Atlantic Forest. Habitat patch size, history of site protection, and annual precipitation were the best predictors of local occupancy. Historical human disturbance, including subsistence hunting, has exerted considerable impact on the modern distribution of the blonde capuchin, whose geographic range largely spans a region historically lacking any wildlife protection. Matrix vegetation structure across the Caatinga, which so far has averted large‐scale mechanized agriculture, also creates a benign landscape that likely benefits contemporary capuchin occupancy. Local extinctions of this endangered primate will most likely continue unabated unless a ban on hunting in remaining Atlantic Forest and Caatinga fragments can be enforced.
Oligothiophene‐Ring‐Strapped Perylene Bisimides: Functionalizable Coaxial Donor–Acceptor Macrocycles
Authors: Dnyaneshwar Veer Sairam , Chandrakant Wakchaure Vivek , Asokan Kiran , Dixit Ruchi , Goswami Tanmay , Saha Ramchandra , Gonnade Rajesh , Ghosh Hirendra N. , Santhosh Babu Sukumaran
Published: October 2022

Aesthetic designs from nature enable new knowledge to be gained and, at the same time, inspire scientific models. In this context, multicomponent macrocycles embody the advantage of precisely positioning the structural units to achieve efficient communication between them. However, the construction of a functionalizable macrocycle for ultrafast charge separation and stabilization has not been attempted. Herein, we report the synthesis, crystal structure, and transient absorption of a new functionalizable macrocycle consisting of an oligothiophene‐ring‐strapped perylene bisimide. Transient absorption results point to a sequential improvement in charge separation and stabilization from the macrocycle to the corresponding linear dimer and 2D polymer due to the unique design. Our macrocycle design with a supportive spatial arrangement of the donor and acceptor units will inspire the development of more complex synthetic systems with exciting electron‐transfer and charge‐separation features.
In situ Quenchreaktionen von enantiomerenangereicherten sekundären Alkyllithiumreagenzien im Kolben und im kontinuierlichen Durchfluss mittels eines I/Li‐Austausch
Authors: Kremsmair Alexander , Wilke Henrik R. , Harenberg Johannes H. , Bissinger Benjamin R. G. , Simon Matthias M. , Alandini Nurtalya , Knochel Paul
Published: October 2022

Wir berichten über ein praktisches In situ Quenchverfahren (ISQ), bei dem chirale sekundäre Alkyllithiumverbindungen aus sekundären Alkyliodiden (einschließlich funktionalisierter Iodide, die einen Ester oder ein Nitril tragen) in Gegenwart verschiedener Elektrophile wie Aldehyde, Ketone, Weinreb‐Amide, Isocyanate, Disulfide oder Boronate erzeugt werden. Diese ISQ‐Reaktion ermöglichte die Herstellung eines breiten Spektrums optisch angereicherter Ketone, Alkohole, Amide, Sulfide und Boronsäureester mit typischerweise 90–98 % ee. Bemerkenswert ist, dass diese Reaktionen bei −78 °C oder −40 °C im Kolben durchgeführt werden konnten. Ein kontinuierlicher Durchflussapparat erlaubte Reaktionstemperaturen zwischen −20 °C und 0 °C und ermöglichte eine Hochskalierung auf das 40‐fache ohne weitere Optimierung.
Structures and magnetic properties of two series of Schiff base binuclear lanthanide complexes
Authors: Lu Ying , Huang Zhong‐Ming , Zou Hua‐Hong , Liang Fu‐Pei
Published: October 2022

Until now, although there are many examples of studying the magnetic properties of Schiff base binuclear lanthanide complexes, the relationship between the structure and magnetic properties of the complexes still is worth further investigation in order to improve the magnetic properties of Schiff base lanthanide complexes. In this work, we successfully obtained two series of binuclear Ln complexes by in situ reaction of 4‐diethylaminosalicylaldehyde, benzoic hydrazide and different lanthanide salts at 80°C under solvothermal conditions, namely, [Ln2(L)3(NO3)3]·CH3CN·CH3OH·H2O [Ln = Dy (1), Ho (2), Gd (3) L = deprotonated 4‐diethylamino salicylaldehyde benzoylhydrazine], [Ln2(L)4(CH3COO)]CH3COO·CH3CN [Ln = Dy (4), Ho (5), Gd (6)]. The complex 1 contains three Schiff base ligands L, two Dy (III) ions, and three NO3−. The ligand H1L is formed by in situ Schiff base reaction with 4‐diethylaminosalicylaldehyde and benzoic hydrazide with the participation of Ln (NO3)3. When replacing Ln (NO3)3 with Ln (OAc)3, obtained three μ2‐OAc bridged binuclear Ln (III) complexes. The magnetic study showed that complex 4 exhibits field‐induced single‐molecule magnet (SMM) behavior while complex 1 does not show any SMMs behavior. In addition, we have studied the magnetocaloric effect of complexes 3 and 6, their maximum −ΔSm values are 21.37 J kg−1 K−1 and 15.32 J kg−1 K−1, respectively, under ΔH = 7 T and T = 2 K.
Synergic effect of Type II ZnO/BiVO4 magnetic heterostructures for visible light‐driven degradation of bisphenol A and methyl violet
Authors: Kaushik Bhawna , Rana Pooja , Rawat Deepti , Solanki Kanika , Rana Pooja , Sachdeva Shallu , Naikwadi Dhanaji R. , Biradar Ankush V. , Sharma Rakesh K.
Published: October 2022

Construction of an effective heterojunction for unimpeded flow of photogenerated charges and their prolonged separation is imperative for environmental photocatalysis. Herein, we have designed an efficient magnetic ZnO/BiVO4 type‐II heterostructure, which was employed for proficient degradation of persistent methyl violet dye with an efficiency of 97.6% in 90 min and a hazardous organic pollutant, namely, bisphenol A. UV‐DRS and photoluminescence studies demonstrated that the fabricated nanocomposite exhibited effective light absorption and prolonged charge separation, thereby resulting in high photocatalytic efficacy under visible light irradiation. The efficacy of developed magnetic ZnO/BiVO4 was also compared with pristine BiVO4 and undoped magnetic ZnO, which indicated that the constructed heterostructure displayed approximately threefold and sixfold activity in contrast with bare BiVO4 and undoped magnetic ZnO nanoparticles, respectively. Radical trapping studies, ESR analysis along with GC‐MS analysis were conducted to elucidate the mechanistic pathway during the photodegradation process. This work provides a rational technical approach and research ideas for photocatalytic degradation of harmful organic pollutants in an environment‐friendly manner by employing energy‐efficient LEDs. Besides, good recyclability of catalyst makes it a promising candidate for large‐scale applications.
Disjunctive fuzzy optimisation of electricity generation by biomass power producers in a feed‐in tariff programme
Authors: Nair Purusothmn Nair S Bhasker , Andiappan Viknesh , Foo Dominic C. Y. , Chemmangattuvalappil Nishanth G.
Published: October 2022

The global drive to achieve the climate change mitigation targets set during the Paris Agreement and COP26 necessitates sustainable electricity generation from renewable energy sources. However, renewable energy systems face economic challenges due to unattractive feed‐in‐tariffs (FiT). This paper presents a mathematical programming model to optimise the participation and electricity generation by biomass power plants in a FiT programme. A disjunctive fuzzy optimisation approach is adopted in this work due to the presence of several biomass power plants, thus resulting in a multi‐objective optimisation. The newly developed mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP) model maximises the overall satisfaction extent of biomass power plants in power generation. The optimisation model ensures the satisfaction of all biomass power plants' technical and economic constraints. A base case study of seven power plants utilising various palm biomass is used to demonstrate the disjunctive fuzzy optimisation approach for the MILP model. This is followed by a scenario investigating the impact of demand variation. The optimisation of the case studies favours the utilisation of empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm oil mill effluent (POME), and palm mesocarp fibre (PMF) for sustainable electricity generation. Palm kernel shell (PKS) is the least preferred palm biomass due to its lowest net availability of useful energy from biomass combustion. This work provides a decision tool for the selection of biomass type during electricity generation. The MILP model in this work may be readily extended for any number of power plants, handling a variety of biomass feedstocks.
Fabricating a new immobilization matrix based on a conjugated polymer and application as a glucose biosensor
Authors: Tan Burcu , Baycan Fatma
Published: October 2022

A new monomer named 4‐(dihexylamino)9,12‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐7H‐benzo[de]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐7‐one (ThBN) is synthesized and used as a potential glucose biosensor after electropolymerization of the ThBN on the graphite pencil electrode. The amount of glucose is determined according to the decrease in the amount of oxygen by using cyclic voltammetry technique. Herein, conjugated polymer of ThBN is used as a immobilization matrix. The synthesized PThBN is found to be effective enzymatic biosensor having wide linear glucose determination range between 2.975 × 10−3 and 2.087 mM with a limit of detection of 0.0304 mM and a sensitivity of 0.1326 μA/mM cm2. This potential enzymatic biosensor has been also tested in commercial samples and found to be useful to detect the glucose concentration.
Flagellate dermatitis: An atypical skin finding in adult‐onset Still's disease
Authors: Toujani Sana , El Ouni Amira , Belhassen Asma , Bouslama Kamel
Published: October 2022

A 23‐year‐old woman followed for adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) presented fever and chest pain. Clinical examination showed erythematous papules suggestive of flagellate dermatitis. Laboratory findings showed increased Cardiac troponin. Myocarditis due to AOSD was therefore suspected. The patient was treated with prednisone and methotrexate with significant clinical improvement.
Anion‐Coordination‐Driven Assembly: From Discrete Supramolecular Self‐Assemblies to Functional Soft Materials
Authors: Zhang Wenyao , Zhao Jie , Yang Dong
Published: October 2022

Anion templated assembly of supramolecular systems has been extensively explored in previous reports, whereas anions serve only as an auxiliary and spectator role. With the development of anion coordination chemistry in recent years, anion coordination‐driven assembly (ACDA) has emerged as a new strategy for the construction of supramolecular self‐assemblies. Anions are proved to exist as the main actors in the construction of supramolecular architectures, i. e., serve as the coordination center. This Review will focus on the recent progress in anion‐coordination‐driven assembly of discrete supramolecular architectures, such as helicates, polyhedrons and polygons, and the various applications of ‘aniono’‐systems. At the end of this Review, we highlight current challenges and opportunities for future research of anion‐coordination‐driven self‐assembly.
Microfilaria in cervicovaginal Pap smears: A common parasite hiding in an unusual site: Short series of four cases with literature review
Authors: Kumar Tarun , Ganesh R. Abhirami , Surabhi  , Sinha Ruchi , Bhadani Punam Prasad
Published: October 2022

In India, filariasis is a severe and significant public health problem. It has been reported to be present in any potential site. However, cervicovaginal Pap smear cytology rarely contains microfilariae despite the widespread occurrence. The occurrence of microfilariae in cervicovaginal smears has seldom been reported, even as an accidental finding. In our retrospective study, four cases of clinically asymptomatic filariasis were diagnosed on a routine cervicovaginal Pap smear from January 2019 to July 2022. All microfilariae were characterized as Wuchereria bancrofti. In the present study, the majority of the cases present vaginal discharge, and the diagnosis was made by cytopathology. Therefore, it is crucial to consider and look for microfilariae in areas where they are not endemic.
Two Directing Groups Used for Metal Catalysed Meta‐C−H Functionalisation Only Effect Ortho Electrophilic C−H Borylation
Authors: Iqbal Saqib A. , Millet Clement R. P. , Pahl Jürgen , Yuan Kang , Ingleson Michael J.
Published: October 2022

Two templates used in meta‐directed C−H functionalisation under metal catalysis do not direct meta‐C−H borylation under electrophilic borylation conditions. Using BCl3 only Lewis adduct formation with Lewis basic sites in the template is observed. While combining BBr3 and the template containing an amide linker only led to amide directed ortho C−H borylation, with no pyridyl directed meta borylation. The amide directed borylation is selective for the ortho borylation of the aniline derived unit in the template, with no ortho borylation of the phenylacetyl ring – which would also form a six membered boracycle – observed. In the absence of other aromatics amide directed ortho borylation on to phenylacetyl rings can be achieved. The absence of meta‐borylation using two templates indicates a higher barrier to pyridyl directed meta borylation relative to amide directed ortho borylation and suggests that bespoke templates for enabling meta‐directed electrophilic borylation may be required.
Imagining the future of LGBTQ+ evaluation: New(er) directions and what comes next
Authors: Felt Dylan , Perez‐Bill Esrea , Barela Eric , Cundiff Nicole , Ellis Radaya , Johnson LaShaune , Metcalf Nicholas , Moore Travis Robert , Philliber Ash , Poirier Jeffrey , Rasher Sarah Daniel , Rizzo Cindy , Glenn Erik Elías , Phillips Gregory
Published: October 2022

We close this issue of New Directions for Evaluation by looking towards the future. In this chapter, the perspectives of 10 LGBTQ+ Evaluators whose voices and insights were not otherwise featured in this issue provide their critical insights on what LGBTQ+ Evaluation means to them, what it looks like in practice, and where they hope to see it grow in the future, including how the work of this issue of New Directions for Evaluation can be expanded and built upon. In closing the issue on a critical, futures‐oriented note, we reaffirm our assertion that this is neither the first, nor the final word on LGBTQ+ Evaluation, and we invite all evaluators to join in the process of articulating and exploring what LGBTQ+ Evaluation is, and can be.
Identity as a compass when navigating uncharted equitable spaces: Our queer evaluation practices
Authors: Hartman Andrew , Hoessler Brian , Tom Vincent , Camman C.
Published: October 2022

Alternative approaches within evaluation increasingly allow space for evaluators to bring themselves to their work. As queers, we are gifted‐partially as a necessity for our survival‐with deeper understandings of and navigational capacities to work within complexity. Furthermore, existing as queer empowers us to think and operate outside what is the norm, known, familiar and comfortable, and thus enables us to challenge normative systems for purposes of social change. Our chapter offers situated insight into what queer evaluation practices look like and empowers us to practice bringing ourselves into different contexts, including uncharted spaces. We illustrate principles of queer evaluation through cases of our unique identities, contexts, landscapes, and evaluation experiences, within a process that is iterative, dialogic, and relational. We argue that the exploration of ourselves is critical as evaluators and invite readers to wander alongside us while actively searching their identities. Rather than hiding these biases and perspectives, we believe in the importance of knowing oneself and our connections to the histories of those who came before, which serve as our guides. Only from this point can we begin to unravel the unknown into the known and transform the inequitable into the equitable that has yet to exist. We argue that by embracing our identities we are better able to navigate the complexities that exist in our work and deepen our understanding of the contexts around us.
Select HDAC Inhibitors Enhance Osteolysis and Bone Metastasis Outgrowth but Can Be Mitigated With Bisphosphonate Therapy
Authors: Clements Miranda E , Holtslander Lauren , Johnson Joshua R , Johnson Rachelle W
Published: October 2022

Breast cancer has a high predilection for spreading to bone with approximately 70% of patients who succumb to disease harboring bone disseminated tumor cells. Despite this high prevalence, treatments for bone metastatic breast cancer predominantly manage morbidities, including pain and hypercalcemia, rather than reducing bone metastasis incidence or growth. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), including panobinostat, entinostat, and valproic acid, typically slow primary tumor progression and are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of many cancers, including primary and metastatic breast cancer, but their effects on bone metastatic disease have not been examined in preclinical models. We report that treatment with the HDACi panobinostat, but not entinostat or valproic acid, significantly reduced trabecular bone volume in tumor‐naïve mice, consistent with previous reports of HDACi‐induced bone loss. Surprisingly, treatment with entinostat or panobinostat, but not valproic acid, increased tumor burden and incidence in an experimental model of breast cancer bone metastasis. In vitro, multiple HDACi stimulated expression of pro‐osteolytic genes in breast tumor cells, suggesting this may be a mechanism by which HDACi fuel tumor growth. In support of this, combination therapy of panobinostat or entinostat with the antiresorptive bisphosphonate zoledronic acid prevented bone metastatic progression; however, the addition of zoledronic acid to panobinostat therapy failed to fully correct panobinostat‐induced bone loss. Together these data demonstrate that select HDACi fuel bone metastatic growth and provide potential mechanistic and therapeutic avenues to offset these effects. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Clinical features of patients with talaromycosis marneffei and microbiological characteristics of the causative strains
Authors: Peng Lei , Shi Yu‐bo , Zheng Lin , Hu Li‐qing , Weng Xing‐bei
Published: October 2022

Background

Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is a temperature‐dependent dimorphic fungus that is mainly prevalent in Southeast Asia and South China and often causes disseminated life‐threatening infections. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and improve the early diagnosis of talaromycosis marneffei in nonendemic areas.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of six cases of T. marneffei infection. We describe the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and imaging manifestations of the six patients.

Results

Talaromyces marneffei infection was confirmed by sputum culture, blood culture, tissue biopsy, and metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS). In this study, there were five disseminated‐type patients and two HIV patients. One patient died within 24 h, and the others demonstrated considerable improvement after definitive diagnosis.

Conclusions

Due to the lack of significant clinical presentations of talaromycosis marneffei, many cases may be easily misdiagnosed in nonendemic areas. It is particularly important to analyze the imaging manifestations and laboratory findings of infected patients. With the rapid development of molecular biology, mNGS may be a rapid and effective diagnostic method.
Identification of Hypoderma actaeon (Diptera: Oestridae) in red deer (Cervus elaphus) from northern Spain: Microscopy study and molecular analysis
Authors: González Sara , Del Rio Maria Luisa , Diez Maria Natividad , Hidalgo Maria del Rosario , Martínez Angelica
Published: October 2022

Hypoderma spp. larvae were observed subcutaneously in the dorsal and lumbar regions of red deer (Cervus elaphus) hunted in the province of León (northwestern Spain) causing a myiasis. They were removed and initially classified by their size, shape, color, and location under the skin into the three larval stages that parasitize these animals. The morphological characteristics of the first and second‐instar are described and from the features of the third‐instar the species was identified as Hypoderma actaeon. To accurately identify this species, five isolates of genomic DNA from the third‐instar, two from the second‐instar and two from first‐instar of H. actaeon were analyzed by PCR analysis of the COI region of mt‐DNA. The results confirmed that the examined samples exactly matched with H. actaeon. This study has shown the morphological identification of the three larval stages of H. actaeon and, for the first time, the first and second‐instar larvae have been molecularly characterized. Finally, identification of only H. actaeon suggests that this species is the only affecting red deer in the Iberian Peninsula.
Surfactant‐free oleogel‐based emulsion stabilized by co‐assembled ceramide/lecithin crystals with controlled digestibility
Authors: Zhang Jing , Dong Lulu , Zheng Qianwang , Xiao Jie , Cao Yong , Lan Yaqi
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

There is increasing interest in the development of oleogel‐based emulsions. However, they usually contained surfactants for stabilization, especially small‐molecular weight surfactants, which may have adverse health impacts.

RESULTS

Herein, a surfactant‐free oleogel‐based emulsion stabilized by co‐assembled ceramide/lecithin (CER/LEC) crystals was developed. The formation and stabilization mechanisms were explored. The different molar ratios of gelator (LEC and CER) in emulsions resulted in different crystal morphology, crystallinity as well as different emulsion properties. This suggested that appropriate crystallinity, crystal size, and interfacial distribution of these crystals provided higher surface coverage against droplets coalescence, thus better emulsion stabilization. Both X‐ray diffractograms and contact angle results confirmed that the crystals which were primarily responsible for emulsion stabilization, are co‐assembled crystals consisted of both gelators (CER and LEC). Furthermore, the percentage of free fatty acids (FFAs%) results revealed a negative relationship between lipid digestibility and crystal concentration.

CONCLUSIONS

This strategy greatly enriched surfactant‐free oleogel‐based emulsion formulations, as well as their potential applications in healthy lipid‐based products and novel food delivery systems with controlled lipid digestibility. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Radiochemical Ageing of ATH Filled Silane‐Crosslinked Polyethylene
Authors: Hettal Sarah , Roland Sébastien , Colin Xavier
Published: October 2022

This study focuses on the degradation of a silane cross‐linked polyethylene (Si‐XLPE) matrix filled with three different aluminum tri‐hydrate (ATH) contents: 0, 25, and 50 phr. These materials are subjected to radiochemical ageing in air under three different dose rates (8.5, 77.8, and 400 Gy h−1) at two temperatures (47 and 21°C). Changes due to ageing have been investigated by FTIR spectroscopy, DSC analysis, and density measurements in order to more precisely define their chemical composition and microstructure and to evidence the possible influence of ATH fillers on the oxidation kinetics of the Si‐XLPE matrix.
Analytic Methods of Foamed Plastic Insulation Deteriorated by Moisture
Authors: Leem Yoobin , Kojima Sizuka , Kitagaki Ryoma
Published: October 2022

Foamed plastic insulations installed into buildings are now expected to be long‐lasting materials. However, in recent years, it has been reported that foamed plastic insulations installed in high‐humid environments, such as under waterproof sheets on a rooftop, absorb moisture, and subsequently increase thermal conductivity. This paper studies both moisture absorption and changes in physical properties of foamed plastic insulations after exposure to high humidity and discusses the moisture‐induced deterioration based on the results of several experiments.
Thermomechanical Characterization of E‐Glass Fiber Reinforced Random Polypropylene
Authors: Delli Evangelia , Gkiliopoulos Dimitrios , Bikiaris Dimitrios , Chrissafis Konstantinos
Published: October 2022

The thermomechanical properties of short glass fiber (GF) reinforced polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) composites are investigated. Four composites with different fiber content, namely 10, 15, 20, and 30 wt%, are prepared using melting mixing. For fibers up to 15 wt% the composites exhibit enhanced thermal stability as compared to the random polypropylene. The use of fibers also improve the mechanical strength of the matrix. In particular, PPR/GF30% demonstrates the highest Young modulus, yield strength, and storage modulus values, while PPR/GF10% has the best ductility among the composites. Incorporation of 10 wt% fibers also increases the yield strength and storage modulus of the PPR matrix by approximately 1.6 and 1.2 (for temperatures higher than 60°C) times, respectively. These results suggest that GF reinforced PPR is a composite suitable for advanced technological applications.
Gate‐to‐Gate Study for Collaborative Robot‐Assisted Composite Parts Manufacturing Using a Work Effort Unit Approach
Authors: Salles Ana , Reichert Thomas , Ruiz Ana Maria , Cordero Jorge
Published: October 2022

This work presents one example from a set of technologies that aim at improving the efficiency of manufacturing processes of aircraft components in one of Airbus Defence and Space plants in regards to environmental aspects. Among the proposed technologies, one relates to the automation of two key manufacturing steps of the reference technology in the composite manufacturing of omega stringers: 1) lamination of main omega stringer structure through an Automated Fiber Placement robotic process; and 2) cobotic pick‐and‐place process for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer patches. To evaluate potential environmental benefits, Fraunhofer performs a gate‐to‐gate study using as main parameter the “Work effort unit,” in this case representing the average energy consumption per productive hour in a typical assembly factory. When comparing the results for the composite part manufacturing by hand lay‐up with the use of collaborative robots, the key technical parameter is the reduction in lead time. While production using robots consume additional electricity when compared to human workers, automation significantly shortens lead times (‐74%), resulting in lower energy consumption per manufactured unit. The results indicate that this new technology from Airbus Defence and Space can potentially improve the overall environmental performance of composite parts during their manufacture.