bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of accelerated aging on the mechanical and thermal properties and VOC emission of polypropylene composites reinforced with glass fibers
Authors: Rüppel Annette , Wolff Susanne , Heim Hans-Peter
Published: December 2022

This paper presents the impact of accelerated aging on selected mechanical and thermal properties and VOC emission of polypropylene composites filled with glass fiber with different fiber contents. Due to their positive properties (good thermal and mechanical properties, low weight), glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics are becoming increasingly important. Fiber reinforced thermoplastics are mainly produced by injection molding and extrusion, whereby the extrusion compounding process is primarily used to prepare fiber-filled granulates while the injection molding process is used to manufacture products. In this study, short glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics (polypropylene) are produced on a twin screw extruder. Then, tensile test specimens are produced by injection molding. The glass fiber content is between 20 and 40 wt%. In order to investigate the long-term stability, the test specimens are artificially aged in accordance with ASTM 1980. The thermal, mechanical, and emission properties were evaluated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, and TDS-GC-MS analysis prior to and after accelerated aging. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of thermal aging on crystallinity and mechanical properties and on VOC emission of glass fiber reinforced isotactic polypropylene.
Minimum power consumption of multistage irreversible Carnot heat pumps with heat transfer law of q ∝ (ΔT)
m
Authors: Chen Lingen , Xia Shaojun
Published: December 2022

For the given initial finite high-temperature heat reservoir temperature, continuous Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations are established to obtain optimal finite high-temperature heat reservoir temperature for minimum power consumption of multistage Carnot heat pumping system with generalized convective heat transfer law [q ∝ (ΔT)
m
]. Analytical expression of optimal heat reservoir temperature with Newtonian heat transfer law (m = 1) is obtained based on generalized optimization results for minimum power consumption. For other heat transfer laws (m ≠ 1), numerical solutions for minimum power consumption are provided. Optimization results for multistage Carnot heat pumps are compared with maximum power output solutions of multistage irreversible Carnot heat engines.
Fetal intelligent navigation echocardiography (FINE) has superior performance compared to manual navigation of the fetal heart by non-expert sonologists
Authors: Swor Katie , Yeo Lami , Tarca Adi L. , Jung Eunjung , Romero Roberto
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Manual and intelligent navigation (i.e. fetal intelligent navigation echocardiography or FINE) by the operator are two methods to obtain standard fetal cardiac views from spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) volumes. The objective was to compare the performance between manual and intelligent navigation (FINE) of the fetal heart by non-expert sonologists.

Methods

In this prospective observational study, ten sonologists underwent formal training on both navigational methods. Subsequently, they were tested on their ability to obtain nine cardiac views from five STIC volumes of normal fetal hearts (19–28 gestational weeks) using such methods. The following parameters were determined for both methods: (1) success rate of obtaining nine cardiac views; (2) mean time to obtain nine cardiac views per sonologist; and (3) maximum number of cardiac views successfully obtained for each STIC volume.

Results

All fetal cardiac images obtained from 100 STIC volumes (50 for each navigational method) were reviewed by an expert in fetal echocardiography. Compared to manual navigation, FINE was associated with a significantly: (1) higher success rate of obtaining eight (excluding the abdomen view) appropriate cardiac views (92–100% vs. 56–88%; all p<0.05); (2) shorter mean time (minute:seconds) to obtain nine cardiac views (2:11 ± 0:37 vs. 15:49 ± 7:44; p<0.0001); and (3) higher success rate of obtaining all nine cardiac views for a given STIC volume (86 vs. 14%; p<0.001).

Conclusions

When performed by non-expert sonologists, intelligent navigation (FINE) had a superior performance compared to manual navigation of the normal fetal heart. Specifically, FINE obtained appropriate fetal cardiac views in 92–100% of cases.
Stem cells for treating retinal degeneration
Authors: Busskamp Volker
Published: December 2022

The mammalian retina lacks regenerative potency to replace damaged or degenerated cells. Therefore, traumatic or genetic insults that lead to the degeneration of retinal neurons or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells alter visual perception and ultimately can lead to blindness. The advent of human stem cells and their exploitation for vision restoration approaches has boosted the field. Traditionally, animal models – mostly rodents – have been generated and used to mimic certain monogenetic hereditary diseases. Of note, some models were extremely useful to develop specific gene therapies, for example for Retinitis Pigmentosa, Leber congenital amaurosis and achromatopsia. However, complex multifactorial diseases are not well recapitulated in rodent models such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as rodents lack a macula. Here, human stem cells are extremely valuable to advance the development of therapies. Particularly, cell replacement therapy is of enormous importance to treat retinal degenerative diseases. Moreover, different retinal degenerative disorders require the transplantation of unique cell types. The most advanced one is to substitute the RPE cells, which stabilize the light-sensitive photoreceptors. Some diseases require also the transplantation of photoreceptors. Depending on the disease pattern, both approaches can also be combined. Within this article, I briefly feature the underlying principle of cell replacement therapies, demonstrate some successes and discuss certain shortcomings of these approaches for clinical application.
Atherogenic index of plasma and coronary artery disease: A systematic review
Authors: Ulloque-Badaracco Juan R. , Hernandez-Bustamante Enrique A. , Alarcon-Braga Esteban A. , Mosquera-Rojas Melany D. , Campos-Aspajo Alvaro , Salazar-Valdivia Farley E. , Valdez-Cornejo Valeria A. , Benites-Zapata Vicente A. , Herrera-Añazco Percy , Valenzuela-Rodríguez Germán , Hernandez Adrian V.
Published: December 2022

Various studies suggest that the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in different clinical scenarios. This review aimed to synthesize evidence of the association between AIP values and CAD. A literature search was carried out on four databases, namely, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovid-Medline. A handsearch was performed on preprint repositories (MedRxiv and Research Square). The effect measurements were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). For the quantitative synthesis, we employed a random-effects model. We analyzed 14 articles (with 40,902 participants) from seven different countries. The quantitative analysis revealed that an increase in one unit of AIP was associated with higher odds of developing CAD (OR 2.11; 95% CI 1.65–2.69; P < 0.001; I
2 = 98%). We conducted subgroup analyses of Chinese (OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.40–2.56; P < 0.001) and non-Chinese studies (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.42–4.42; P < 0.001). The sensitivity analysis by risk of bias continued to demonstrate an association, and the heterogeneity remained unchanged (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.33–2.31; P < 0.001; I
2 = 98%). Higher AIP values were associated with higher odds of developing CAD.
Study on aging resistance of AAAS grafted in situ on paper documents
Authors: Zeng Deli , Fan Huiming , Huang Shanshan , Li Fengyu , Liao Yunfei , Ge Ge , Liu Jianan
Published: December 2022

Due to the complex storage environment, paper documents will suffer different degrees of damage during storage. Studying the aging behavior of paper after strengthening treatment is an important aspect of evaluate the effect of strengthening agent treatment. In this paper, the aging resistance properties of base paper, APTES, AEAPMDMS, and APTES/AEAPMDMS reinforced samples after dry heat aging and moist heat aging were studied. The results show that in the early stage of aging, the amorphous region of the fiber is mainly degraded gradually. With the passage of time, the crystalline region of cellulose is also degraded continuously, and the crystalline region of cellulose is degraded more significantly during moist heat aging. Compared with the base paper, the AAAS reinforced paper sample can significantly slow down the aging and degradation of the paper sample and has better aging resistance.
Combining Agent-Based Modelling and Geographical Information Systems to Create a New Approach for Modelling Movement Dynamics: A Case Study of Mesolithic Orkney
Authors: Sucharyna Thomas Leo , Wickham-Jones Caroline R. , Heppenstall Alison J.
Published: December 2022

The earliest Holocene occupation of Orkney is still poorly understood. This pilot study explores the use of multi-factorial landscape and land-cover reconstruction to form a baseline physical environment for the assessment of Mesolithic movement and potential site suitability. A geographic information systems (GIS) approach to landscape reconstruction through proxy use allows for an analogue of Mesolithic land cover and extent to be generated and used to predict the potential for Mesolithic site/material remains. The integration of agent-based modelling introduces a novel investigation of pathways in the landscape, divined not with a fixed destination but with a programmed least-cost movement behaviour to extrude “natural corridors” of movement from the study area. Utilising the base physical characteristics of the natural environment, without introducing complex sociopolitical or economic drivers for movement promotes the use of a complex physical environment as a necessary consideration as baseline for all studies of mobility and movement. This approach also intends to present a platform to develop more universal or widely applicable models capable of providing a relevant baseline landscape for the rapid assessment and investigation of the archaeological potential of an area. Developing or understanding the role of a robust landscape permits the appropriate assessment of project utility, scale, and layering and integration of more complex input factors.
The geopolitics of the 1821 Greek Revolution
Authors: Kotoulas Ioannis E.
Published: December 2022

This chapter analyses the geopolitics of the Greek Revolution and provides an in-depth examination of the specific demographic and geographic factors that contributed to the Revolution’s outbreak and consequences. The chapter probes the geopolitical framework of interstate relations at the opening of the nineteenth century; the topography and characteristics of the spatial area of the Revolution; the human capital that facilitated the rebels (e.g. klephts, armatoloi, sailors, merchants, and intellectuals); and the strategic plans of the powers involved (great and small). The chapter reflects on the founding principles of the Greek state as a great-power protectorate and demonstrates that independence was achieved in great degree due to the geographic position of the Greek rebels on a vulnerable periphery of the Ottoman Empire, where the European states could project their sea power.
Defining a Hellene. Legal constructs and sectarian realities in the Greek War of Independence
Authors: Doxiadis Evdoxios
Published: December 2022

The Greek War of Independence (1821–1829) is a fascinating mélange of the old and new of traditional identities and modern concepts. Perhaps nothing exemplifies this better than questions of identity, ethnicity, and nationality as they played out and developed over the nine years of the conflict. This article examines two trajectories on the question of identity and nationality that seamlessly coexisted not only during the Greek War of Independence but also for much of the early history of the Modern Greek State. The first looks at popular understandings of identity and the second the legal constructs that tried to define a national identity and nationality in terms of law that would be compatible with developments elsewhere in Europe. This article explores these questions on the ground but also in terms of legal constructs and their evolution from the period just before the eruption of the revolt to the establishment of the Greek state arguing that these efforts and apparent contradictions can be seen as taking part in a wider European debate on nationality and identity following the experience of the Napoleonic Wars and at the same time continuing long-held identities in the Ottoman state.
“Little Malta”: Psara and the Peculiarities of naval warfare in the Greek Revolution
Authors: Pissis Nikolas
Published: December 2022

The tiny island of Psara, located in the northeastern Aegean Sea, constitutes a lieu de mémoire for the Greek War of Independence. Psara occupied a prominent place in Philhellenic discourse due to the spectacular achievements of the island’s fireships and due to the bloody reprisals after an attack in 1824 by the Ottoman navy. This chapter utilizes the case of Psara as a laboratory for examining various questions related to military history (such as the nature of naval operations, their resources, techniques, and command) in an Ottoman and Mediterranean framework (particularly involving the legacy of the Russian–Ottoman War of 1768–1774). It addresses the broader issues and debates concerning the immediate causes of the outbreak of the Greek Revolution in 1821 as well as the perceptions of events (e.g., the looting of Muslim settlements on the Anatolian coast by Psara’s warships). The study draws on a neglected corpus of sources, including the voluminous “Archive of Psara” (Academy of Athens, 1974) and naval diaries of Greek war ships.
The contextual behaviour of specialised collocations: typology and lexicographic treatment
Authors: Giacomini Laura
Published: December 2022

A corpus-based analysis of specialised phraseology can shed light on the role of phrasal context in terminology. This contribution describes the behaviour of constituents of simple and complex specialised collocations in technical texts and the way in which these are distributed in different contexts ranging from the immediate surroundings of a node to the inclusion of a much larger portion of text. The contextual behaviour of specialised collocations is exemplified by English and Italian terms in the domain of photovoltaic technology. This contribution aims to identify and classify specialised collocations along their formation modalities and contexts, as well as to discuss the impact of these phenomena on their representation in LSP lexicographic resources. Issues and options concerning the extraction of collocations and contexts are also addressed.
Allocating Liability among Several Physicians: A Theoretical Model
Authors: Martin-Lapoirie Dylan
Published: December 2022

Healthcare treatment can be considered a credence good; that is, the patient may not always be able to infer quality ex ante nor observe it ex post. In this article, we study the allocation of liability among two physicians for joint damage under two liability regimes: strict liability and the negligence rule. The credence characteristic implies that the patient imperfectly detects treatment error. We find that the negligence rule is more deterrent than strict liability if the probability of detection of treatment error by the patient is high. If the probability of detection is low, both liability regimes are equivalent. An efficient allocation rule should be based on the degree of substitutability between the precaution levels of the physicians and the probability that the patient detects treatment error.
Stochastic perturbation of tendencies and parameters of parameterizations in the global ensemble prediction system based on the SL-AV model
Authors: Alipova Kseniya A. , Goyman Gordey S. , Tolstykh Mikhail A. , Mizyak Vasiliy G. , Rogutov Vladimir S.
Published: December 2022

Algorithms for stochastic perturbation of parameters and tendencies of physical parameterizations for subgrid-scale processes are implemented into the ensemble prediction system. This system is based on the global semi-Lagrangian atmospheric model SL-AV with the resolution of 0.9 × 0.72 degrees in longitude and latitude, respectively, 96 vertical levels, and our implementation of the Local Ensemble Tranform Kalman Filter (LETKF). The use of stochastically perturbed parameterizations allows to generate ensembles with a significantly larger spread compared to one obtained with the method of static parameter perturbation. An improvement in the probabilistic estimates of the ensemble forecast for different seasons is shown.
INM-IM: INM RAS Earth ionosphere F region dynamical model
Authors: Kulyamin Dmitry V. , Ostanin Pavel A. , Dymnikov Valentin P.
Published: December 2022

A new INM RAS global dynamical model of Earth’s ionosphere F region (100–500 km), which takes into account plasma-chemical processes, ambipolar diffusion, and advective ion transport due to electromagnetic drifts and neutral wind is presented. The model includes parameterizations of polar electric fields induced by magnetospheric convection and simplified equatorial drifts considerations. The focus of the paper is directed on the description of specific methods developed and utilized in the ionospheric model. Key processes responsible for the formation of global ionospheric features are outlined and their representation in the model is evaluated. The main global ionospheric characteristic features, such as seasonal and diurnal cycles, the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), polar ionization caps and the main trough have been adequately reproduced based on this model.
Sensitivity of functionals of the solution to a variational data assimilation problem with heat flux reconstruction for the sea thermodynamics model
Authors: Shutyaev Victor P. , Parmuzin Eugene I.
Published: December 2022

The problem of variational observation data assimilation is considered for the mathematical thermodynamics model developed at the Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of RAS with the aim to reconstruct the sea surface heat flux. The sensitivity of functionals of solutions to observation data is studied for the considered variational assimilation problem and the results of numerical experiments for the Black Sea dynamics problem are presented.
Establishment of wear mechanism distribution diagram of ZTAp-reinforced iron matrix composites
Authors: Wang Shifeng , XuYang Chuchu , He Jinan , Yang Zhihuan , Dong Zongyuan , Li Guohua
Published: December 2022

This article investigates the sliding wear behavior of ZTA (zirconia toughened alumina) particle (ZTAp)- and NbC (niobium carbide) particle (NbCp)-reinforced Fe60 matrix composites (ZTAp–NbCp/Fe60). ZTAp–NbCp/Fe60 was produced through vacuum sintering and tested on an M-2000 wear-testing machine. As revealed by the results, the wear loss increased with the increase in rotation speed and load. Abrasive wear occurred in the mild wear region; adhesive wear and serious abrasive occurred in the moderate wear region; and fatigue wear and ZTAp broken occurred in the severe wear region. According to the aforementioned conclusions, a more clean and intuitive wear mechanism diagram was established. In the process of wear, ZTAp was well combined with the matrix, and there was no crack at the interface. Meanwhile, in the wear process, ZTAp could block furrow, weaken the wear of the micro-convex ring, and improve the sliding wear performance of the composite material.
Schriftgrammatik und Diskursrelationen: Der Doppelpunkt als lexikalischer Marker für diskursstrukturelle Subordination
Authors: Bücking Sebastian
Published: December 2022

This paper is concerned with the form and interpretation of the colon in German; for example, Ada hat zwei Äpfel gekauft: Sie hat einen Boskop und einen Elstar gekauft (‘Ada has bought two apples: she has bought a Belle de Boskoop and an Elstar’). First, I argue against the syntax-based approach by Bredel (2008, 2011), according to which the colon yields a dislocation of either the left-handed colon construction or the right-handed colon extension. Specifically, the approach cannot account for the intuition that the colon identifies the colon construction as an announcement that is satisfied by the extension. Second, I argue in favor of a lexicon-based alternative approach according to which the colon is a general lexical marker for discourse-structural subordination, namely, it marks the colon construction as subordinating the extension. This approach has the following advantages: (i) It accounts for the observation that the colon is compatible with subordinating discourse relations (e. g., elaboration and explanation), but incompatible with coordinating ones (e. g., narration, parallel, contrast). (ii) Following Jasinskaja & Karagjosova (2021), subordinating discourse units are defined by their communicative goal being incomplete without the subordinate unit. This derives the announcement effect of the colon for free. (iii) The lexicon-based approach can be implemented in terms of standard compositional semantics. This facilitates a systematic analysis of examples where the colon breaks into the incremental process of structure building; for example, Ben hat gekauft: einen Boskop und einen Elstar ‘Ben has bought: a Belle de Boskoop and an Elstar’. Two overarching results are noteworthy: the analysis suggests that formal semantics can be applied fruitfully to graphematics. In turn, semantic-pragmatic research can profit from integrating graphematics. Specifically, to date, no general lexical marker for subordination has been found; the given analysis suggests that this lexical gap is filled by the colon.
Transparenzregisterpflichten nicht rechtsfähiger Idealvereine
Authors: Stephan Dirk
Published: December 2022

Politische Parteien und Gewerkschaften organisieren sich oft in einer eigentümlichen Rechtsform, dem nicht rechtsfähigen Idealverein. Gläubiger können sich bisher aus keinem öffentlichen Register zu den verbandsinternen Verhältnissen informieren. Das Gesetz zur Modernisierung des Personengesellschaftsrechts (MoPeG) wird keine Besserung bringen. Bisher unerkannt gebliebene Hilfe birgt das 2017 geschaffene Transparenzregister des Geldwäschegesetzes (GwG). Der Beitrag ordnet dafür das Transparenzregister in die bisherige Registerlandschaft ein und zeigt seine Bedeutung und Rechtsfolgen für nicht rechtsfähige Idealvereine. Dabei treten erhebliche Friktionen zwischen dem GwG und den zugrunde liegenden Geldwäscherichtlinien zutage. Der Anwendungsbereich des Transparenzregisters muss deutlich weiter ausgelegt werden als bisher angenommen. Das im Gesetzgebungsverfahren befindliche neue Paket der Union zur Bekämpfung von Geldwäsche und Terrorismusfinanzierung wird daran nach gegenwärtigem Stand nichts ändern.
Queering Abuelita
Authors: McCarthy Daniel
Published: December 2022

This essay considers an alternative form of reconciliation with my abuelita who passed away unexpectedly from a stroke in 2021. Beginning with her career as a professional singer refuting gender roles in Spain, I consider the trajectory of her life that led to her adulthood as a conservative Jehovah’s Witness. Through speculative memory work and queer futurity, this essay queers abuelita in a way that reimagines her life as a musician, performer, and grandmother. I offer this as an example of how queer individuals negotiate and address the contradictions of reconciliation and queerness on their own terms.
The Becoming
Authors: Cosantino Jersey
Published: December 2022

The Becoming is a Mad trans (re)telling of Ray Bradbury’s 1951 short story “The Pedestrian.” Using oral history interviews conducted with individuals identifying within the vast spectrum of Madness, neurodivergence, transness, and gender non-conformity, I seek to bring to life the themes, stories, and reflections of Mad trans becoming within the evocative setting of Bradbury’s story. Engaging with ghosts and hauntings as allegory, allusion, and illusion, I welcome readers to embark on a journey of becoming that is Maddeningly surreal and transgressively illusive, calling forth coming-to-know experiences that defy liminal boundaries between time, space, and place; past, present, and future.
Piwil2 (Mili) sustains neurogenesis and prevents cellular senescence in the postnatal hippocampus
Authors: Gasperini Caterina , Tuntevski Kiril , Beatini Silvia , Pelizzoli Roberta , Lo Van Amanda , Mangoni Damiano , Cossu Rosa M , Pascarella Giovanni , Bianchini Paolo , Bielefeld Pascal , Scarpato Margherita , Pons‐Espinal Meritxell , Sanges Remo , Diaspro Alberto , Fitzsimons Carlos P , Carninci Piero , Gustincich Stefano , De Pietri Tonelli Davide
Published: December 2022

Adult neural progenitor cells (aNPCs) ensure lifelong neurogenesis in the mammalian hippocampus. Proper regulation of aNPC fate has thus important implications for brain plasticity and healthy aging. Piwi proteins and the small noncoding RNAs interacting with them (piRNAs) have been proposed to control memory and anxiety, but the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that Piwil2 (Mili) is essential for proper neurogenesis in the postnatal mouse hippocampus. RNA sequencing of aNPCs and their differentiated progeny reveal that Mili and piRNAs are dynamically expressed in neurogenesis. Depletion of Mili and piRNAs in the adult hippocampus impairs aNPC differentiation toward a neural fate, induces senescence, and generates reactive glia. Transcripts modulated upon Mili depletion bear sequences complementary or homologous to piRNAs and include repetitive elements and mRNAs encoding essential proteins for proper neurogenesis. Our results provide evidence of a critical role for Mili in maintaining fitness and proper fate of aNPCs, underpinning a possible involvement of the piRNA pathway in brain plasticity and successful aging.
Right Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm and Dissection into the Interventricular Septum: A Case Report
Authors: Ma Ningshuai , Mou Xurong , Yuan Hongmei , Lai Yinglong , Jiang Binglei
Published: December 2022

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is considered to be an uncommon cardiac anomaly, carrying a very high rate of mortality. After treatment, the prognosis is excellent. Thus, it is important to make a timely diagnosis and clarify the anatomical details of the SVA. Here, we report a right SVA with dissection into the interventricular septum, with bulging and incomplete rupture into the left outflow tract. The SVA was evaluated using echocardiography (transoesophageal, transthoracic, and three-dimensional echocardiography) and cardiac computed tomography (CT), especially three-dimensional reconstruction, to help us plan the surgical approach. After surgery, the patient's recovery was favorable.
Primer registro del pez marino Taractichthys steindachneri (Perciformes: Bramidae) en El Salvador
Authors: Fortis-Benavides Andrea , González-Leiva José Alberto
Published: December 2022

El pez Taractichthys steindachneri se distribuye en el océano Indo-Pacífico, y en el océano Pacífico oriental se restringe hasta el sur del golfo de California, México. Sin embargo, en noviembre del año 2020 se registró, por primera vez, la captura de forma incidental en la pesquería artesanal frente a la costa de El Salvador. Esto puede deberse al enfriamiento de aguas superficiales marinas, a causa del fenómeno de La Niña.
Presencia de la raya águila de piel áspera Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatidae) en la costa del Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica
Authors: Chávez Elpis J. , Heidemeyer Maike , Arauz Randall , Arauz-Naranjo Daniel , Mora-Vargas Randall , Molina-Quirós José Luis , Hernández-Muñoz Sebastián
Published: December 2022

Almost 25% of skates and rays’ information worldwide is insufficient to assess their extinction risk. We reported the first seven confirmed records of the rough eagle ray (Aetomylaeus asperrimus) along the north Pacific coast of Costa Rica. These findings suggest that encounters with this species are rare, possibly associated with oceanographic patterns. More information is needed to make accurate assumptions on the species’ abundance, ecology, and conservation needs.
Picnogónidos (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida: Pantopoda) de la bahía de Banderas, Pacífico mexicano
Authors: Villatoro-Ortiz Alejandrina , Salazar-Silva Patricia
Published: December 2022

Este estudio reporta la composición de especies de picnogónidos asociados a la fauna incrustante de muelles de una marina turística recolectadas en septiembre y octubre del año 2011, y en abril y junio del año 2012, y las muestras de algas, coral muerto y de tubos de quetopteridos, anélidos tubícolas recolectados mediante buceo libre en sitios de playa de febrero a abril del 2018.  Los sitios estudiados, la marina de la Cruz de Huanacaxtle y playas aledañas se localizan en el Pacífico mexicano, en la costa norte de la bahía de Banderas en el estado de Nayarit. Se examinaron en total 78 especímenes que pertenecen a cinco familias, seis géneros y nueve especies; se presenta una lista sistemática; para cada especie se incluye una descripción breve, información de su distribución y abundancia en los sitios estudiados. En los muelles de la marina de la Cruz de Huanacaxtle se registraron 56 especímenes correspondientes a tres especies. En las playas La Manzanilla, Burros, La Lancha y playa de la Isla María Cleofás se presentaron ochos especies, seis de ellas no presentes en los muelles. Las especies más abundantes fueron Anoplodactylus sp. con 32 especímenes (41%) y Nymphon lituus con 24 (31%), esta última fue dominante en los muelles de la marina. El estudio provee los primeros registros de picnogónidos para la costa norte de la bahía de Banderas, México, contribuye al conocimiento de la biodiversidad del Pacífico mexicano y documenta la pycnofauna asociada a comunidades bioincrustantes de una marina náutica.
Bedarf es eines „kartellschadensersatzspezifischen“ Beweisrechts?
Authors: Thole Christoph
Published: December 2022

Schweitzer/Woeste haben sich in dieser Zeitschrift (ZWeR 2022, 46) für ein „kartellschadensersatzspezifisches“ Beweisrecht ausgesprochen. Dies passt sich ein in allgemeine Bestrebungen, die Anspruchsverfolgung bei Kartellschäden prozessual zu erleichtern. Der Beitrag geht kritisch der Frage nach, ob die Rufe nach derartigen Abweichungen von allgemeinen Vorgaben und Lehren gerechtfertigt sind.
Die Selbstbelastungsfreiheit des Unternehmens im Kartellrecht
Authors: Baur Alexander , Holle Philipp Maximilian
Published: December 2022

Das Kartellrecht nimmt bei der Höhe der Geldbußen, die gegen Unternehmen verhängt werden können, eine Vormachtstellung ein, die trotz des Umstands fortwährt, dass andere Rechtsbereiche hieran Anschluss suchen. Jedenfalls seit der 10. GWB-Novelle muss das Kartellrecht aber auch auf verfahrensrechtlicher Ebene als besonders wirkungsmächtig gelten. Es finden sich nunmehr noch weitaus mehr Regelungen, die das Kartellverfahren gegenüber herkömmlichen Ordnungswidrigkeitenverfahren aus Sicht von Unternehmen verschärfen. Insbesondere bei den neu geregelten Auskunftspflichten der Unternehmen stellt sich mittlerweile allerdings die Frage, ob der deutsche Gesetzgeber im Zuge der Umsetzung der ECN+-Richtlinie die „Schrauben überdreht“ und fundamentale Verfahrensgrundsätze in bedenklicher Weise verkürzt hat.
An Overview of Lithuanian Intonation: A Linguistic and Modelling Perspective
Authors: Melnik-Leroy Gerda Ana , Bernatavičienė Jolita , Korvel Gražina , Navickas Gediminas , Tamulevičius Gintautas , Treigys Povilas
Published: December 2022

Intonation is a complex suprasegmental phenomenon essential for speech processing. However, it is still largely understudied, especially in the case of under-resourced languages, such as Lithuanian. The current paper focuses on intonation in Lithuanian, a Baltic pitch-accent language with free stress and tonal variations on accented heavy syllables. Due to historical circumstances, the description and analysis of Lithuanian intonation were carried out within different theoretical frameworks and in several languages, which makes them hardly accessible to the international research community. This paper is the first attempt to gather research on Lithuanian intonation from both the Lithuanian and the Western traditions, the structuralist and generativist points of view, and the linguistic and modelling perspectives. The paper identifies issues in existing research that require special attention and proposes directions for future investigations both in linguistics and modelling.
AGE AND DURATION OF CRYSTALS GROWTH IN CHAMBERS OF VOLYN PEGMATITES (UKRAINIAN SHIELD)
Authors: Voznyak D.K. , Stepanyuk L.M. , Dovbush T.I. , Vyshnevskyi O.A.
Published: December 2022

Formation of chamber pegmatites is associated with tectonomagmatic activation of the region of their distribution. It should be expected that the granitic chamber pegmatites of Volyn were formed by products of degassing of acidic magma. However, in the growth of quartz of the late generation, the beginning of crystallization of which was about 200ºC, CO2-fluids were involved. They are products of degassing of basic magma, which also took part in the growth of crystals at higher temperatures (˃573ºC). Crystallization of minerals in chambers was long: from 1.75±0.10 billion years (age of protogenetic inclusions of zircon and uraninite in topaz crystals) to 1.39 billion years (age of galena inclusions in late-generation quartz). So, for the first time, it was substantiated that the duration of crystal growth in the chambers of Volyn pegmatites was at least 360±100 million years. Therefore, it is assumed that the growth of crystals in chambers Volyn pegmatites lasted for quite a long time.
THE CHEMICAL AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF NATURAL ZEOLITES AND THEIR SORPTION PROPERTIES DURING OZONATION WITH DRAIN WATER FROM NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Authors: Shabalin B.G. , Yaroshenko K.K. , Lavrynenko O.M. , Pavlenko O.Yu.
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the regularities of the overall process of ozonolytic destruction of organic components of model drain water from nuclear power plants and sorption of imitators of the main dose-forming radionuclides (Cs — with the isotopic 137Cs label; stable isotopes of Co, Sr, Mn salts) by natural zeolite of the Sokyrnytsky deposit and sorption-reagent compounds — salts of ferrous and manganese (II). The chemical composition of the main elements of zeolite after ozonation with the addition of iron and manganese salts practically does not differ from the composition of natural zeolite. Its phase composition in the ozonation process in the presence of ferrum salts is represented by the main rock-forming mineral clinoptilolite and the secondary mineral — quartz. The main ferrum-containing phase on the zeolite surface is goethite. Secondary phases include Fe(II)-Fe(III) layered double hydroxides (Green Rust) and lepidocrocite, but their relative content is insignificant. For zeolites, after ozonation with the addition of both ferrous and manganese (II) salts, the main phases are clinoptilolite and quartz. Manganese-containing phases on the zeolite surface are represented by hausmannite Mn3O4, manganese (II) oxide, and manganese oxyhydroxide MnO(OH)2. The iron- and manganese-containing phases deposited on the surface of the zeolite in the process of ozonation are mainly characterized by a weakly crystallized or amorphized structure. The main sorbent of dose-forming radionuclides is zeolite, not the iron- and manganese-containing compounds that formed on its surface during ozonolysis. The maximum degree of sorption of 137Cs by zeolite is up to 90% when the concentration of Fe2+ is increased to 50 mg/dm3 or Mn2+ to 100 mg/dm3. The degree of cobalt sorption is 97.5% at the initial typical concentration of competing cations (Fe2+ — 5 mg/dm3; Mn2+ — 10 mg/dm3) and when Mn2+ concentration increases to 100 mg/dm3. The maximum degree of extraction of Sr2+ and Mn2+ is 99.4% and 99.9%, respectively. For effective extraction of 137Cs and Co2+ by zeolite in the ozonation process, an increase in the concentration of competing Fe2+ cations is permissible — 50 mg/dm3; Mn2+ — 100 mg/dm3 in solutions. The efficiency of extraction of Sr2+ and Mn2+ practically does not depend on the concentration of competing cations (Fe2+, Mn2+) in the drain water solutions.
GEOCHRONOLOGY OF GRANITOIDS OF THE DOBROPIL MASSIF OF THE AZOV REGION (UKRAINIAN SHIELD)
Authors: Stepanyuk L.M. , Bobrov O.B. , Yaskevich T.B. , Shpylchak V.O.
Published: December 2022

The Dobropil granitoid massif is confined to the junction of the Gulyaipil and Remiv blocks of the Azov region. The granitoids of the massif intrude the Kosivtsiv greenstone structure. The massif is represented by a fairly wide range of rocks connected by gradual transitions (quartz diorites, granodiorites, quartz monzonites, monzo-diorites, tonalites, plagiogranites and granites). A characteristic feature of the granitoids of the massif is the presence in them of various amounts of small xenoliths of rocks of different composition (amphibololites/metapyroxenites, amphibolites, quartz diorites and granitoids of the normal series). According to geological data, the formation of the massif took place in two stages, which correspond to the formation of two corresponding phases of granitoids. The article presents the results of uranium-lead dating of various generations of accessory zircon from tonalites of the second phase of the massif intrusion using the SHRIMP-II ion-ion microprobe. It is shown that zircon crystals are composed of three generations. Zircon of the first generation is represented by heterogeneous cores on which magmatogenic zircon actually grows — the second generation. Zircon of the third forms rather thin shells on the first two, its crystallization is due to the processes of post-magmatic kalishpatization, which took place, most likely, at the pneumatolite stage of the evolution of the silicate melt. According to the results of uranium-lead ion-ion dating, it was found that among the zircon of the first generation, a fairly wide range of numerical age values (according to the 207Pb/206Pb ratio) is noted, from 3.6 to 2.8 billion years. The age of 2078 ± 20 million years ago was obtained for the upper intersection of the concordia with the discordia, constructed on the basis of analytical data obtained for thin-zoned shells (zircon of the 2nd generation) and zircon shells of the third generation, which corresponds to the time of rooting of the tonalites of the second phase of the intrusion.
NOISE FEATURES OF BREATH AND HEARTBEAT INFORMANT SIGNALS
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sytnik O.
Published: December 2022

Subject and Purpose. The subject of research is the flicker noise present in informant signals of search-and-rescue radars, specifically its properties and the effect it may have on algorithms for detecting and identifying manifestations of human breath and heartbeat processes during rescue operations. The work has been aimed at creating a suitable description of flicker noise for developing optimal algorithms of digital signal processing for quick detection and identification of informant signals during rescue missions. Method and Methodology. The low-frequency flicker noise has been modeled within the polynomial equations technique, proceeding from an analysis of real data on noise components in the output signals from a coherent search-and-rescue radar. A comparative analysis is done for a variety of approximating functions suggested for representing the low frequency portion of the spectrum observed. Results. For the low-frequency range wherein spectral components of the informative signal owing to respiration and heartbeat of humans are concentrated, an adequate model of the fluctuating interference is the flicker noise model built on the basis of polynomial equations. The problem of optimized model representation of the noise in digital signal processing algorithms has been analyzed for the case of a coherent search-and-rescue radar. A model of the fluctuating process has been suggested, based on a polynomial approximation for the spectral function in the low-frequency range of the signals observed at the radar output. Conclusion. Spectral characteristics of both interference and informant signals have been investigated. A structural diagram has been proposed for a high sensitivity, coherent search-and-rescue radar implementing a signal storage algorithm based on the polynomial model of the fluctuating process. The advantages and disadvantages of the radar are discussed, with examples given of real signal implementations and of noise spectrograms. Methods of effective estimation of Doppler signal phases are presented. The paper suggests an analysis of basic requirements as to parameters and performance characteristics of the rescue radar.
TERAHERTZ OSCILLATIONS IN InN GUNN DIODES WITH AN ACTIVE REGION LENGTH OF 1 μm AND WITH A GRADED GaInN LAYER
Authors:   State Biotechnology University, Storozhenko I. , Sanin S. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2022

Subject and Purpose. The InN Gunn diode is known as the device capable of generating powerful oscillations atfrequencies above 300 GHz. A possible way for increasing both the microwave power and the cutoff frequency of the Gunn diode is to employ graded-gap semiconductors. The subject of this research is the process for generating electrical oscillations in InN and graded-gap GaInN Gunn diodes that involve resistive contacts at the cathode and the anode, and possess a 1-μm long active region. The research is aimed at suggesting an optimized structure for the graded-gap GaInN diode to obtain a maximum microwave power and maximum frequency of the oscillations, while consuming the lowest possible amount of DC power. Methods and Methodology. А hydrodynamic simulation has been performed of transport of electrons in graded-gap semiconductors, and an integro-differential equation analyzed concerning voltage drop across elements of the related RLC circuit. Results.The power spectra of oscillations have been analyzed for a variety of parameters of both the Gunn diode and the RLC circuit. The frequency dependences of the oscillatory power, characteristic of different electron concentrations, provide evidence for the possibility of obtaining considerable microwave powers at frequencies above 300 GHz through the use of graded-gap GaInN diodes. Conclusion. The results that have been obtained clearly confirm the expected practicality of using a graded GaInN layer in the InN diode for increasing the power of microwave oscillations, reducing the necessary level of the DC power, and restraining the dependence of the output characteristics on the electron density. The highest power of oscillations has been demonstrated by the InN diode with a 0.1 µm long graded-gap layer of GaInN. Meanwhile, the oscillation frequency generated in that diode is somewhat lower than in the InN diode. A compromise between the values of generated power and the oscillation frequency has been reached in the diode with a graded-gap GaInN layer of 0.9 µm in length. In addition, the latter structure requires the lowest level of DC power for effectuating microwave generation at the higher feasible frequencies.
Altman Z-Score Dan Springate: Metode Komparasi Dalam Memprediksi Kemungkinan Kebangkrutan Suatu Perusahaan
Authors: Wahyuni EDT Risa , Seriska Hafizia
Published: December 2022

Bankruptcy can be experienced by every company that has a decline in the value of profits from year to year. Because Indonesia was hit by COVID-19 in the past, this study will predict company bankruptcy using the Altman Z-Score and Springate methods. In addition, this study was conducted to determine the most accurate bankruptcy prediction method in predicting infrastructure, utility and transportation sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 23 companies. The data were analyzed using the calculation of the level of accuracy and type of error from each bankruptcy prediction model, to predict companies experiencing potential bankruptcy. The results of this study indicate that the Z-Score method is the most accurate method. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Altman Z-Score method is more accurate in calculating bankruptcy predictions than the Springate method.
Ore-controlling structures and geostatistical determination of ore-shoots in shear zone hosted lode gold type deposits, El Bagre-Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Naranjo Sierra Edwin
Published: December 2022

Shear zone hosted lode gold type deposits at the El Bagre in the northeastern zone of Antioquia department of Colombia, are the only evidence of Permian gold mineralization to date in Colombia Andes. Orebodies at the El Bagre are structurally controlled and are considered as the product of ore-forming fluids derived from at least two episodes of fluid flow between the shear zones, thus different fluid flow could lead to orebodies and ore shoots plunge in different directions. The La Ye orebodies tend to strike to the NNW-NS and plunge to the SW, Mangos orebodies tend to strike (as a whole) to the NS-NNE and plunge to the NE and Cordero orebodies tend to strike (as a whole) to the NNW-NS and plunge to the NE. The ellipses determined by variogram modelling for these orebodies, reveal the anisotropy of gold mineralization and therefore the orientation of ore-shoots. The long axes of the anisotropy ellipses trend SSE. These high grades distributions are related to sinistral shearing and NNW-SSE faulting during D3 deformation event. This study exemplifies a simple and effective tool for exploration strategies regarding of orebodies, ore-shoots and ore-controlling structures relationships
Structural attributes estimation in a natural tropical forest fragment using very high-resolution imagery from unmanned aircraft systems
Authors: Vega Gutiérrez Johnny Alexander , Palomino-Ángel Sebastián , Anaya Jesús
Published: December 2022

Structural attributes are fundamental biophysical parameters of forest, useful for ecological and environmental monitoring and planning. Canopy height is an important input for the estimation of several biophysical parameters as aboveground biomass and carbon stock, and can be related with forest degradation, deforestation, and emission reduction. Thus, an accurate canopy height estimation is a crucial issue in climate change studies and REDD+ initiatives. VHR imagery from unmanned aircraft systems has been studied as a low cost mean for canopy height estimation at local scales, but the accuracy in the estimation is a factor that determines its utility. We evaluated the ability of VHR imagery from unmanned aircraft systems to derive structural attributes, specifically tree-crown area and height, in a natural tropical forest fragment located in the foothills of the Andes Mountains, in the humid tropical forests of the region known as Biogeographic Chocó, South America. The region is one of the most biodiverse areas of the world and has a high level of endemism, but it is also at higher risk of natural-resource loss. We used a structure from motion approach to derive canopy height models of the forest fragment, and we applied mean-shift algorithms to identify single tree crowns. The accuracy assessment was performed using reference data derived from field campaigns and visually interpretation of VHR imagery. The estimated root-mean-square error of the population of vertical errors for the canopy height model was 3.6 m. The total accuracy for delineating tree crowns was 73.9%. We found that using VHR imagery, specific trees and canopy gaps can be identified and easily monitored, which is an important step in conservation programs. We also discuss the usefulness of these findings in the context of fragmented forests and the tradeoffs between the price of a LIDAR system and the accuracy of this approach.