bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Federated Reinforcement Learning-Based UAV Swarm System for Aerial Remote Sensing
Authors: Lee Woonghee
Published: April 2022

In recent years, due to the development of technologies for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, UAVs have developed rapidly. Because of UAVs’ high mobility and computational capability, UAVs have a wide range of applications in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), such as infrastructure inspection, rescue, exploration, and surveillance. To accomplish such missions, it is more proper and efficient to utilize multiple UAVs in a swarm, rather than a single UAV. However, it is difficult for an operator to understand and control numerous UAVs in different situations, so UAVs require the significant level of autonomy. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become the most promising combination with UAVs to ensure the high autonomy of UAVs by establishing swarm intelligence (SI). However, existing learning methods for building SI require continuous information sharing among UAVs, which incurs repeated data exchanges. Thus, such techniques are not suitable for constructing SI in the UAV swarm, in which communication resources are not readily available on unstable UAV networks. To overcome this limitation, in this paper, we propose the federated reinforcement learning- (FRL-) based UAV swarm system for aerial remote sensing. The proposed system applies reinforcement learning (RL) to UAV clusters to establish the SI in the UAV system. Furthermore, by combining federated learning (FL) with RL, the proposed system constructs the more reliable and robust SI for UAV systems. We conducted diverse evaluations, and the results show that the proposed system outperforms the existing centralized RL-based system and is more suited for UAV swarms from a variety of perspectives.
A Genetic Predictive Model Approach for Smart Traffic Prediction and Congestion Avoidance for Urban Transportation
Authors: Sathiyaraj R. , Bharathi A. , Khan Sikandar , Kiren Tayybah , Khan Inam Ullah , Fayaz Muhammad
Published: April 2022

With emerging population and transportation in today’s world, traffic has become a challenging issue to be addressed. Most of the metropolitan cities are facing various traffic-related issues. This poses the need for a smart traffic system, which could tackle the external environment and provide energy efficient transportation system. Intelligent transportation system (ITS) is required to support traffic management system in smart cities. The existing systems concentrate on the traffic prediction to yield better results. The work in this paper proposes a Smart Traffic Prediction and Congestion Avoidance System (s-TPCA) which helps in better identification of the traffic scenario that in turn helps in predicting and avoiding the congestion. The proposed work uses Poisson distribution for prediction of vehicle arrivals from recurring size. The framework comprises traffic identification, prediction, and congestion avoidance phases. The system checks for the fitness function to determine the traffic intensity and further use predictive analytics to determine the traffic level in future. This also integrates fuel consumption model to save time and energy. The proposed s-TPCA system outperforms the conventional systems in terms of delay and proves to conserve energy. The fuel conservation is observed to be 20% higher than the other existing systems.
Compound Odontoma Associated with Dentigerous Cyst Incidentally Detected in an Adult Patient: Tomography and Histological Features
Authors: Manfredini Mattia , Ferrario Susanna , Creminelli Luca , Kuhn Elisabetta , Poli Pier Paolo
Published: May 2022

Odontoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumor of epithelial and mesenchymal origin. The standard treatment involves a conservative approach. While this procedure is generally well accepted and tolerated, some difficulties may arise in case of odontomas associated with cystic lesions. In general, the expansive nature of cystic lesions requires their surgical excision, different from isolated nonsymptomatic odontomas that can be monitored radiographically. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is scarce evidence currently available reporting on the presence of odontoma-associated cystic lesions in the oral cavity. Therefore, the present case report is aimed at describing the diagnostic clinical, radiological, and histological features together with the surgical management of a dentigerous cyst associated with a compound odontoma. Following surgical removal of the lesion, no recurrence was observed after 12 months of follow-up.
Visualization and Analysis Model of Industrial Economy Status and Development Based on Knowledge Graph and Deep Neural Network
Authors: Quan Jing
Published: April 2022

This paper adopts knowledge mapping combined with a deep neural network algorithm to conduct in-depth research and analysis on the current situation and development of the industrial economy and designs a visual analysis model of economic development based on knowledge mapping combined with a deep neural network algorithm. Cultivate the concept of coordinated development and legal system of the subject, improve the awareness of network security and integrity self-discipline of the subject, improve the level of network hardware equipment manufacturing, improve the level of network platform construction, build a network security technology prevention system, improve the repair system of network information alienation, set up a specialized agency setting for the coordinated development of network ecology and industrial economy, and increase the capital investment in network infrastructure and network information technology research and development. A framework of breadth and depth recommendation ranking based on a knowledge graph is proposed and implemented. This paper provides a visual analysis method to sort and classify multivariate data. The method first determines users’ preferences through their interactive operations, calculates the weights of each attribute according to the users’ preference model, then uses the obtained attribute weight sets to sort the whole data set, and finally completes the category classification according to the sorting results and the users’ markings on some data. The visual display allows users to intuitively perform data sorting and classification operations and quickly understand the characteristics and category features of the data. The framework achieves modeling and integration of knowledge graph neighborhood information from breadth dimension and depth dimension to realize personalized recommendation sorting and improves the F1 metrics by 8.59%, 14.36%, and 15.22% on the public datasets Amazon-book, Yelp2018, and ILast-FM compared with the previous optimal model.
Research on Product Design Strategy Based on User Preference and Machine Learning Intelligent Recommendation
Authors: Wu Jie
Published: April 2022

In the machine learning model, intelligent recommendation system can select valuable information from a lot of data to help users find the products or services they need, which has been more and more widely used in recent years. However, there are still many problems in machine learning recommender systems, such as data sparsity, natural noise, and cold start, which leads to the fact that machine learning recommender systems cannot obtain accurate user preferences. When a project is rated, the quality of the recommendation is greatly affected. In order to solve the problem that the existing recommendation algorithms have poor recommendation results in sparse data sets, this paper proposes a machine learning method for recommendation rating prediction based on user interest concept lattice. Firstly, the nearest neighbors are divided into direct nearest neighbors and indirect nearest neighbors by user interest concept lattice. Then, different methods are used to calculate the similarity between the direct “nearest neighbor” and the target user, and the similarity between the indirect “nearest neighbor” and the target user. Finally, the invisible item score of the target user is calculated by the similarity value. Experiments are carried out on real data sets, and the experimental results show that the CFCNN-CL algorithm and RRP-UI CL algorithm proposed in this paper have high recommendation accuracy and still have good performance in the case of sparse data.
Estimation and Identification of Nonlinear Parameter of Motion Index Based on Least Squares Algorithm
Authors: Qin Hong
Published: May 2022

Parameter identification is an important branch of automatic control. Due to its special function, it has been widely used in various fields, especially the modeling of complex systems or systems whose parameters are not easy to determine. With the development of control technology, the scale of the control object is getting larger and larger, which makes the calculation amount of the identification algorithm larger and larger. For the nonlinear system with complex structure, especially the nonlinear system containing the product of unknown parameters, the number of parameters of the over-parameterized identification method increases greatly, and the calculation amount of the identification algorithm also increases sharply. Therefore, a parameter estimation method with a small amount of calculation is explored. The results show that the proposed method can overcome the phenomenon of “data saturation”, thus improving the parameter identification results.
Study on Architectural Landscape Cultural Representation and Ecological Wisdom of Zengtou Qiang Village in Lixian County, Sichuan Province
Authors: Zhu Xiaomin , Huang Dongsheng , Zhang Yaou
Published: May 2022

As the material carrier of Qiang ancient civilization, the architecture of Qiang minority plays an extremely important role in the inheritance and development of Qiang culture. Zengtou Village has the reputation of the ancient Qiang tribe in the clouds. It is the well-preserved Qiang architectural culture and art preserved in the world. It has extremely high aesthetic value and research value. Due to the entry of modern civilization and geological disasters and other reasons, the withering and destruction of local traditional houses have been accelerated. In this paper, a case study is mad on the residential buildings of Zengtou Qiang Village in Lixian County, Sichuan Province, with Zengtou Xiazhai, Xiaozhai, Zhongzhai, and Shangzhai as the main investigation objects, and the representative residential buildings of each village are surveyed in detail, including the general situation of the village, the layout of the courtyard, the structure of the residential building, the decoration, the ecology etc.. Based on this, ecological wisdom of the residential building of Qiang is figured out.
Distributed Cooperative Localization with Optimized Constraints for 3D WSNs
Authors: Hong Yun , Wang Song , Wang Zhaoyang
Published: April 2022

In three-dimensional (3D) Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the localization suffers from localization accuracy and computation efficiency problem due to added dimension compared with 2D WSNs. Aiming at localizing WSNs in 3D way, we propose a distributed cooperative localization method with optimized constraints. The optimized constraints effectively limit the potential range where the unknown nodes are limited. By analyzing the positions of anchors which are within the communication radius of unknown node, the initial positions of unknown nodes are geometrically estimated in several situations. They link with each other and form a 3D cooperative network. Based on message passing (MP) theory, we extend the 2D cooperative localization to 3D distributed cooperative localization. In this process, optimized constraints derived from hop information and RSSI avoid the gross error and large deviation in the localization. Simulation results in various scenarios show the improvement of accuracy and efficiency compared with traditional methods.
Using resource allocation for seamless service provisioning in cloud computing
Authors: Akawee Mustafa Mahmood , Ahmed Munef Abdullah , Hasan Raed Abdulkareem
Published: May 2022

A Resources allocation is one of the most important things in cloud computing because the environment in which work depends is heterogeneous environment and there are many who request the same service at the same time. Two criteria are used to be considered. First, the time for completing all the required tasks on the available resources and secondly the energy consumed and is extracted from the number of processes that used to complete those tasks. While uploading an application to the Cloud, load balancer allocates the appealed instances for physical computers to balance the computational load of several applications through physical computers. this paper presents some resource allocation problems and issues that can solve with help of load balancing techniques and algorithms. In addition, the performance of the algorithm was measured on seven mathematical functions, and the best results were for the algorithm pyogenes.
Transmigrar entre planos de existencia. Desanidando las Mitológicas desde el noroeste de México
Authors: Fujigaki Alejandro
Published: May 2022

Entre sociedades amerindias del noroeste mexicano, la muerte de una persona produce un equívoco y un vínculo indebido entre el fallecido y su colectivo de origen; el equívoco debe solucionarse y el vínculo disolverse. Morir implica el inicio de un “Gran viaje” por parte la persona fallecida. Sus parientes y amigos deben trabajar en conjunto para ayudarla a transmigrar a un nuevo plano de existencia. El objetivo de este artículo es describir algunos aspectos de estos rituales para establecer conexiones de transformación con dos pasajes de las Mitológicas de Lévi-Strauss. Por un lado, evocaré el mito de referencia y el ritual asociado y, por otro, remitiré a la vida breve tratada en Lo crudo y lo cocido. Veremos cómo los rituales –con sus propias plasticidades– administran un arbitraje imposible que permite construir la buena distancia entre relaciones indebidas creando conexiones y desconexiones en distintos planos de existencia.
A maldição da tolerância e a arte do respeito nos encontros de saberes - 2a. Parte
Authors: Barbosa Neto Edgar Rodrigues , Goldman Marcio
Published: May 2022

A partir de uma retomada analítica da noção de respeito tal qual aparece principalmente nas religiões de matriz africana e em outros coletivos afroindígenas, este artigo pretende mostrar não apenas a centralidade dessa noção para as práticas vinculadas a essas tradições, como, a partir daí, conectar a noção com a própria prática da antropologia. Por meio de uma cuidadosa justaposição entre filósofos, escritores, pensadores indígenas, afroindígenas, quilombolas e afro-brasileiros, especula-se, assim, a possibilidade de uma relação mais respeitosa com outras práticas de conhecimento, capaz de contribuir para uma renovação das nossas. A experiência dos chamados encontros de saberes funciona, nesse sentido, como um meio a partir do que se tenta pensar essas questões de modo a estabelecer uma relação transversal com as práticas com as quais se busca dialogar. Ou seja, uma relação definida pelo mais absoluto respeito diante das fronteiras que temos que cruzar para estabelecer esse diálogo, e pela vergonha diante de qualquer possibilidade de assimilar ou destruir aquilo com o que se pretende estabelecer uma relação.
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil
Authors: Luz Gustavo Silveira da , Carvalho Fernando , Zocche Jairo José
Published: April 2022

Mixed flocks are associations of two or more species that are formed and maintained through mutual behavioral responses, with advantages such as maximizing foraging and protecting against predation. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, temporal dynamics, and presence of core species in mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of the Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in the Parque Nacional Aparados da Serra, southern Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data collection took place from October 2016 to September 2017 through monthly campaigns, consisting of three consecutive observation days, with sampling sessions of six hours per day, resulting in a total effort of 216 h of observations. For each contact with the flocks, we recorded the species and number of individuals, stratum of occurrence, substrates of search, and agonistic interactions. We recorded 152 mixed flocks, with a total of 76 species belonging to 24 families, and five orders, with Thraupidae, Tyrannidae, Furnariidae, and Rhynchocyclidae being the richest. The flocks had an average of 4.5 ± 2.7 species and 8.7 ± 5.8 individuals, with richness and the number of individuals being positively correlated (R² = 0.8). Mixed flocks occurred throughout the year. There was a great variation in the number of contacts from October to February (from 5 to 20 contacts). Meanwhile from March to September, the coldest period of the year in the region, the number of contacts did not vary (from 9 to 14 contacts). However, there was no difference in the number of contacts between these months (z = 0.37; p = 0.691). Basileuterus culicivorus and Habia rubica were the core species because, in addition to their high participation (46.7 and 32.9%, respectively), they showed frequent and conspicuous movement and vocalization. Thus, a high capacity to enlist a greater number of individuals from different species for the flocks was demonstrated.
O impacto das exportações no diferencial de salários entre gêneros no Brasil
Authors: Granitoff Igor , Tai Silvio Hong Tiing
Published: April 2022

Este artigo analisa o impacto das exportações no diferencial de salários entre gêneros no Brasil. Os dados utilizados são detalhados por firma, relativos ao ano de 2013. As evidências apontam que as firmas exportadoras apresentam um diferencial de salários em favor do homem ainda maior do que as companhias voltadas para o mercado interno. As estimações são robustas a diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento dos países de destino. Esses resultados sustentam a hipótese de que a distribuição dos benefícios das exportações nos salários dos funcionários não se manifesta igualmente em países ricos e em países em desenvolvimento.
Efeito da escolaridade dos pais sobre o estado nutricional dos filhos no Brasil
Authors: Pedrosa Elisa Nolasco , Teixeira Evandro Camargos
Published: April 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o efeito da escolaridade dos pais sobre o estado nutricional dos filhos com idade entre 1 e 19 anos, dividido em quatro categorias: desnutrição, eutrofia, sobrepeso e obesidade. Para tal, é utilizado um modelo multinomial de escolha qualitativa, o Logit Ordenado. Os resultados sugerem que a escolaridade da mãe diminui a probabilidade de ocorrência de desnutrição infantil, mas em contrapartida aumenta a de obesidade em crianças de 1 a 10 anos de idade. Para a segunda amostra, de adolescentes, a maior escolaridade do pai diminui a probabilidade de desnutrição e aumenta a de obesidade.
Evolução das ocupações no Brasil no crescimento e na crise: um estudo dos subgrupos principais no período 2003/2017
Authors: Saboia João , Kubrusly Lucia
Published: April 2022

O artigo acompanha a evolução do mercado de trabalho brasileiro no período 2003/2017 sob o enfoque das ocupações. As variáveis utilizadas são emprego, salários e suas respectivas taxas de crescimento no período. Houve forte crescimento do emprego para um conjunto de profissionais de nível superior e técnicos de nível médio. Houve também crescimento do emprego para ocupações do comércio e serviços. O aumento salarial beneficiou principalmente ocupações de menores salários, provavelmente beneficiadas pela política de valorização do salário mínimo. Foi desenvolvida uma análise multivariada de agrupamento, sendo identificados sete grupos ocupacionais. Dois grupos de ocupações do setor terciário se destacaram em termos de volume do emprego. Outros dois grupos de profissionais de nível superior e técnicos de nível médio, por seus altos salários e crescimento do emprego.
Medir o tempo e outros poemas
Authors: Mello Heitor Ferraz
Published: May 2022

A seção Criação tem por objetivo publicar textos e materiais inéditos de escritores e/ou artistas, fotógrafos, desenhistas, além de documentos inéditos encontrados no Arquivo do IEB-USP. “Medir o tempo e outros poemas” reúne cinco poemas de Heitor Ferraz Mello. Mello é poeta, jornalista e professor na Faculdade Cásper Líbero, em São Paulo. Trabalhou durante muitos anos como crítico de literatura, tendo colaborado em diversos jornais e revistas brasileiras. Publicou, entre outros livros de poesia, Coisas imediatas (1996-2004) (MELLO, 2004), Um a menos (MELLO, 2009) e Meu semelhante (MELLO, 2016).
O caráter exemplar da obra de Alexander von Humboldt
Authors: Bolle Willi
Published: May 2022

Da obra de Humboldt – que não foi autorizado a viajar pelo Brasil – são estudados: a apresentação científica e estética da natureza; a descrição de paisagens típicas; a valorização das culturas indígenas; os ensaios políticos sobre Cuba e o México; a crítica da escravização e a defesa da independência das colônias; a comparação entre os continentes e a visão do nosso planeta no conjunto do Universo. As ideias de preservação do meio ambiente e de uma humanidade que supere preconceitose inimizades são um legado importante para nós, que vivemos – depois da era dos descobrimentos e a dos impérios – na terceira fase da globalização.
Fallacy of Median Door‐to‐ECG Time: Hidden Opportunities for STEMI Screening Improvement
Authors: Yiadom Maame Yaa A. B. , Gong Wu , Patterson Brian W. , Baugh Christopher W. , Mills Angela M. , Gavin Nicholas , Podolsky Seth R. , Salazar Gilberto , Mumma Bryn E. , Tanski Mary , Hadley Kelsea , Azzo Caitlin , Dorner Stephen C. , Ulintz Alexander , Liu Dandan
Published: May 2022

Background

ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) guidelines recommend screening arriving emergency department (ED) patients for an early ECG in those with symptoms concerning for myocardial ischemia. Process measures target median door‐to‐ECG (D2E) time of 10 minutes.

Methods and Results

This 3‐year descriptive retrospective cohort study, including 676 ED‐diagnosed patients with STEMI from 10 geographically diverse facilities across the United States, examines an alternative approach to quantifying performance: proportion of patients meeting the goal of D2E≤10 minutes. We also identified characteristics associated with D2E>10 minutes and estimated the proportion of patients with screening ECG occurring during intake, triage, and main ED care periods. We found overall median D2E was 7 minutes (IQR:4–16; range: 0–1407 minutes; range of ED medians: 5–11 minutes). Proportion of patients with D2E>10 minutes was 37.9% (ED range: 21.5%–57.1%). Patients with D2E>10 minutes, compared to those with D2E≤10 minutes, were more likely female (32.8% versus 22.6%,
P
=0.005), Black (23.4% versus 12.4%,
P
=0.005), non‐English speaking (24.6% versus 19.5%,
P
=0.032), diabetic (40.2% versus 30.2%,
P
=0.010), and less frequently reported chest pain (63.3% versus 87.4%,
P
<0.001). ECGs were performed during ED intake in 62.1% of visits, ED triage in 25.3%, and main ED care in 12.6%.

Conclusions

Examining D2E>10 minutes can identify opportunities to improve care for more ED patients with STEMI. Our findings suggest sex, race, language, and diabetes are associated with STEMI diagnostic delays. Moving the acquisition of ECGs completed during triage to intake could achieve the D2E≤10 minutes goal for 87.4% of ED patients with STEMI. Sophisticated screening, accounting for differential risk and diversity in STEMI presentations, may further improve timely detection.
How to Complicate a Simple Case: The Judgment on the Merits in Maritime Delimitation in the Indian Ocean (Somalia v. Kenya)
Authors: Lando Massimo , Joly Hébert Jessica
Published: April 2022

On 12 October 2021, the International Court of Justice (ICJ or Court) issued its judgment on the merits in Maritime Delimitation in the Indian Ocean (Somalia v. Kenya). The judgment raises questions of significance in respect of two issues upon which this comment elaborates. First, the Court failed to distinguish adequately between the notions of acquiescence and tacit agreement, which were at the basis of Kenya’s claim for an agreed boundary running along a parallel of latitude. Second, in drawing the boundary as requested by Somalia, the Court departed from its usual approach concerning the adjustment of the provisional equidistance line established in the first stage of its three-stage delimitation process.
The International Prosecutor: Reconsidering an Almighty Saviour? On International Criminal Law’s Obsession with Individuals
Authors: Kastner Philipp
Published: April 2022

International institutions, like the United Nations and the International Criminal Court (icc), promote peace, democracy and justice. However, these intergovernmental institutions are typically governed through vertical structures and strict hierarchies, with little to no room for popular control and democratic participation of the wider society. The internal structures of these institutions are also revealing: individual high officials, from Secretary-Generals to Chief Prosecutors, play a crucial role, and great importance is attached to their personality and individual leadership skills. This article takes the recent and highly contested election process of the third icc Prosecutor, Karim Khan, who was appointed for a period of nine years in 2021, as a case study to reconsider the well-known yet enduring problem of the democratic deficit of international institutions and their at times undemocratic, or even authoritarian-like, decision-making processes. It starts by demonstrating the great attention given to the Prosecutor as an individual, both in the statute of the icc and in legal-political discourses more generally. This will lay the groundwork to develop the argument that this strong focus on certain individuals is highly problematic and does not contribute to increasing the legitimacy of the Court, whatever the reputation, skills and actual conduct of the official in question. As it will be argued, this disconnect can explain some of the deep-seated challenges and criticisms that the icc, and in particular its Prosecutors, have encountered since its establishment in 2002. Finally, the article seeks inspiration from democracy theory, in particular relevant research that has engaged with international institutions, to suggest that the Office of the Prosecutor could be directed not by an almighty chief, but rather by a panel of prosecutors.
Responsibility and Risk-Sharing in Climate Adaptation: a Case Study of Bushfire Risk in Australia
Authors: McDonald Jan , McCormack Phillipa C.
Published: April 2022

‘Shared responsibility’ for managing risk is central to Australian adaptation and disaster-resilience policies, yet there is no consensus on what this term means or how it is discharged by various actors at each phase of the risk-management process. This has implications for both equity and effectiveness, because shared responsibility assumes that individuals have capacity and that the decisions they make will not conflict with other public values. This article explores how law assigns responsibility for climate adaptation by examining its approach to a specific climate impact in Australia: the increasing frequency and severity of bushfire. Australia faces heightened bushfire risk from the interplay of climate change effects and demographic shifts. While planning laws attempt to limit exposure of new communities to fire risks, adapting existing communities involves hazard mitigation across the landscape, through fuel reduction – accomplished by controlled burning or clearing of brush and timber – and the construction of fuel breaks. Most Australian jurisdictions impose some form of obligation on land managers or owners to mitigate fire risk. However, the effectiveness of shifting responsibility onto individual landholders, measured in terms of bushfire risk mitigation, is not established. The shifting of responsibility also has implications for equity because shared responsibility for fire management assumes that individuals know what must be done and have the capacity to do it themselves or pay others to. The law also privileges bushfire protection above other public values, including the protection of biodiversity and cultural values. To account for the complexity of adaptation decision-making, bushfire mitigation laws should avoid creating inequities and should include mechanisms for resolving trade-offs between competing values.
Getting Article 22(1) TRIPS Right: A Commentary on the Definition of ‘Geographical Indication’ from a European Union Perspective with a Focus on Wines
Authors: Zappalaglio Andrea
Published: April 2022

The article conducts an in-depth analysis of Article 22(1) of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights that provides the definition of ‘Geographical Indication (GI)’, focusing specifically on the field of wine. Particularly, the research analyses: (1) the concept of ‘indication’; (2) the words ‘quality, reputation or other characteristic’ and (3) the adverb ‘essentially’. Building upon the text of the Agreement; its drafting history and adopting the EU GI regime as a case study, the research concludes that: first, the concept of ‘indication’, in spite of its literal meaning and historical origin, can be subject to a very broad interpretation; second, wine remains a product characterised by a qualitative link with its area of production, although the importance of the ‘reputational link’ is growing; and, lastly, that the adverb ‘essentially’ introduces a margin of flexibility, thus allowing products that are not ‘exclusively’ related to a specific area to qualify for GI protection nonetheless.
Wage Theft and Work Safety: Immigrant Day Labor Jobs and the Potential for Worker Rights Training at Worker Centers
Authors: Takasaki Kara , Kammer-Kerwick Matt , Yundt-Pacheco Mayra , Torres Melissa I.M.
Published: April 2022

Immigrant day laborers routinely experience exploitative behaviors as part of their employment. These day laborers perceive the exploitation they experience in the context of their immigration histories and in the context of their long-term goals for better working and living conditions. Using mixed methods, over three data collection periods in 2016, 2019 and 2020, we analyze the work experiences of immigrant day laborers in Houston and Austin, Texas. We report how workers evaluate precarious jobs and respond to labor exploitation in an informal labor market. We also discuss data from a worker rights training intervention conducted through a city-sponsored worker center. We discuss the potential for worker centers to be a convening and remediation space for workers and employers. Worker centers offer a potential space for informal intervention into wage theft and work safety violations by regulating the hiring context where day laborers meet employers.
Kant and Strasbourg on Mandatory Vaccinations
Authors: Gragl Paul
Published: April 2022

Mandatory vaccination raises important questions of human rights, especially if moral norms are given effect in legal provisions. I argue – assuming the safety and efficacy of vaccines – that we are under a moral obligation to vaccinate. Although Kant himself was hostile towards vaccinations, his Categorical Imperative exhorts us to respect the autonomy and dignity of others, and if these ‘others’ are the most vulnerable members of society who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons, we can only protect them by vaccinating ourselves. The ECtHR (implicitly) follows this reasoning in its case law, particularly in its most recent relevant decision, in Vavřička, in which it maintained that even though mandatory vaccination interferes with certain Convention rights, this can be justified in terms of social solidarity and the weighing of interests. We consequently see that in this context, the echr system is very much in line with Kant’s notion of morality.
New genera and a new species in the “Cryptanthoid Complex” (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) based on the morphology of recently discovered species, seed anatomy, and improvements in molecular phylogeny
Authors: LEME ELTON M. C. , ZIZKA GEORG , HILO DE SOUZA EVERTON , PAULE JURAJ , D. T. DE CARVALHO JORDANO , E. A. MARIATH JORGE , HALBRITTER HEIDEMARIE , B. C. RIBEIRO OTÁVIO
Published: April 2022

The continuous refinement of the morphological, anatomical, and molecular studies on the genera of the “Cryptanthoid complex”, mainly considering the recently discovered outlier species, gave rise to new interpretations of species relationships. It reinforced the monophyly of the groups, and allowed the recognition of the new monotypic genus Siqueiranthus based on a morphologically unique endemic species from northeastern Brazil on the brink of extinction, as well as generic status for Krenakanthus and Orthocryptanthus previously conceived as subgenera of Orthophytum, with readjustments in the positioning of some species. An integrative approach with the combination of multiple traits and the critical assessment of the diagnostic characters proved to be useful for the establishment of the new monophyletic genera. A new unusual species of Orthophytum is also described and illustrated, and its phylogenetic relationships are discussed.
Aureobasidium aerium (Saccotheciaceae, Dothideales), a new yeast-like fungus from the air in Beijing, China
Authors: WANG CHENG-BIN , JIANG NING , TU YAN , ZHU YA-QUAN , XUE HAN , LI YONG
Published: April 2022

During the surveys of air fungi in Beijing, China, a new ascomycetous black yeast-like species was isolated. Morphological and phylogenetical analyses of combined internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large ribosomal subunit (LSU) showed that it can be recognized as a new species of the genus Aureobasidium. Herein, Aureobasidium aerium sp. nov. is proposed and illustrated.
Magnolia brunnescens (Magnoliaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China
Authors: LI XIONG , LUO KAI-WEN , ZHANG ZI-BIN , TIAN JING , WEI XIAO-MEI
Published: April 2022

Magnolia brunnescens is described and illustrated as a new species. This taxon belongs to Magnolia sect. Manglietia and is similar to M. dandyi, but differs from the latter by its brown-tomentose indument in buds, twigs, stipules, petioles and peduncles, elliptic-ovoid vegetative buds ca. 1.0 cm long, adaxially villous leaf blades, apically semi-orbicular anthers and sparsely villous carpels. A line illustration, photograph image and an estimate of preliminary conservation status for the new species are provided.
Injection of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1) Nanoparticles After Traumatic Brain Injury Stimulates Recruitment of Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Zhu Yitong , Wang Yaqiong , Lu Zhaofeng
Published: April 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) usually results from direct mechanical damage to the brain, which leads to degeneration and death of the central nervous system (CNS). The migration of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) to brain is essential to various physiological and pathological processes
of the CNS. Therefore, NSCs are considered as a promising alternative option for neurological diseases. SDF-1α is one of known chemokines whose receptor CXCR4 is detected in the CNS. We explored the efficacy of nanoparticles loaded with SDF-1 on TBI and analyzed its potential
mechanism. After synthesis of SDF-1-loaded microspheres (MS) and -nanoparticles and establishment of animal model of TBI, 50 modeled mice were randomly injected with MS bovine serum albumin (BSA), MS SDF1, or SDF1-loaded nanoparticles and 10 TBI animals were taken as control group. After that,
we observed the lesions and examined the characteristics of the nanoparticles and MS. Transwell assay and immunofluorescence were conducted to determine the migration and invasion upon treatments. Nanoparticles and MS encapsulated most of SDF-1, but MS released 100% SDF-1 and the nanoparticles
alone released minority (25%) within 2 weeks. As only SDF-1 nanoparticles could induce NSCs to migrate to the injured area, this approach could enhance healing of the lesion with more NSCs around the lesion. Collectively, this study used particles to deliver SDF-1 to the central nervous system
with nanoparticles having a longer-lasting release. Injection of nanoparticleloaded SDF-1 would retain the biological activity of SDF-1 and improve neuroblast migration, thereby improving the TBI condition. These findings show great prospect for nanoparticles application in brain injury.
Research on Mechanism of miR-106a Nanoparticles Carrying Dexmedetomidine in Regulating Recovery and Metabolism of Nerve Cells in Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury
Authors: Yang Shu , Guo Lei , Wang Duozi , Yang Yanwei , Wang Jianhong
Published: April 2022

We studied the mechanism of miR-106a nanoparticles carrying dexmedetomidine (DEX) in regulating the recovery and metabolism of nerve cells in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Hippocampus neuron model in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury was prepared in vitro. Study groups were randomly
divided into control set, ischemic reperfusion (IR) set, dexmedetomidine (DEX) set, miR-106a-nanoparticles (NPs) set and set of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and miR-106a-NPs. We studied miR-106a expression, proliferative and apoptotic activity, secretion of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,
quantity of Phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and total adenine nucleotide, and also content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutases (SOD). Expressions of of Bax, Bcl-2 and NF-κB were also detected. Results showed that the expression of miR-106a
in hippocampus neuron was reduced, while proliferation was reduced and apoptotic activity was increased. The secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α were increased, while the quantities of Phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and total adenine nucleotide were reduced. Bax
expression was also increased and Bcl-2 expression was reduced. Moreover, ROS content was increased and SOD activity was reduced, while the NF-κB presentation was increased. The above-mentioned changes could be reversed in IR set, DEX set and miR-106a-NPs set. The action was more
notable in the DEX and miR-106a-NPs sets. Finally, the proliferation in hippocampus neuron in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury could be prompted and apoptosis could be restrained by DEX and miR-106a-NPs. The secretion of inflammatory factors could be restrained through restraining the inflammatory
pathway and oxidative stress. The energy metabolism could therefore be improved effectively and recovery of nerve cells in HBI could be improved.
Statistical Calibration of Long-Term Reanalysis Data for Australian Fire Weather Conditions
Authors: Biswas Soubhik , Chand Savin S. , Dowdy Andrew J. , Wright Wendy , Foale Cameron , Zhao Xiaohui , Deo Anil
Published: April 2022

Reconstructed weather datasets, such as reanalyses based on model output with data assimilation, often show systematic biases in magnitude when compared with observations. Postprocessing approaches can help adjust the distribution so that the reconstructed data resemble the observed data as closely as possible. In this study, we have compared various statistical bias-correction approaches based on quantile–quantile matching to correct the data from the Twentieth Century Reanalysis, version 2c (20CRv2c), with observation-based data. Methods included in the comparison utilize a suite of different approaches: a linear model, a median-based approach, a nonparametric linear method, a spline-based method, and approaches that are based on the lognormal and Weibull distributions. These methods were applied to daily data in the Australian region for rainfall, maximum temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. Note that these are the variables required to compute the forest fire danger index (FFDI), widely used in Australia to examine dangerous fire weather conditions. We have compared the relative errors and performances of each method across various locations in Australia and applied the approach with the lowest mean-absolute error across multiple variables to produce a reliable long-term bias-corrected FFDI dataset across Australia. The spline-based data correction was found to have some benefits relative to the other methods in better representing the mean FFDI values and the extremes from the observed records for many of the cases examined here. It is intended that this statistical bias-correction approach applied to long-term reanalysis data will help enable new insight on climatological variations in hazardous phenomena, including dangerous wildfires in Australia extending over the past century.
Reflective Skills, Empathy, Wellbeing, and Resilience in Cognitive-Behavior Therapy Trainees Participating in Mindfulness-Based Self-Practice/Self-Reflection
Authors: Mösler Thomas , Poppek Sandra , Leonhard Christoph , Collet Wilfried
Published: May 2022

Self-Practice/Self-Reflection (SP/SR) is an aspect of therapist training and professional development aimed at enhancing therapy skills, empathy, wellbeing, and resilience in the ultimate furtherance of client outcomes. For many decades, intensive SP/SR has been a required part of therapist training in many countries but relatively little is known about the effect of SP/SR. Studies have found cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) therapists trained under a Beckian CBT paradigm benefitted from more time limited Beckian SP/SR. Mindfulness-based CBT is a more recent third-wave CBT paradigm with psychological process aims similar to those of SP/SR. While training in mindfulness-based CBT often has prominent SP/SR aspects, and mindfulness practice has been shown to benefit health care providers personally and professionally, to date no evaluations have been reported specifically of effects of participation of CBT trainees in stand-alone mindfulness-based SP/SR that meets regulatory requirements for more intensive SP/SR. A study on SP/SR training meeting German requirements is reported here. Post-graduate CBT trainees ( N = 95) were assigned to delayed or immediate SP/SR with those in the delayed SP/SR condition crossing-over into SP/SR training after two baseline evaluations on a variety of reflective skill, wellbeing, and resilience measures spaced six to 9 months apart before participating in 120–150 hours of stand-alone mindfulness-based SP/SR followed by a third reevaluation on all study measures. Participants assigned to the immediate SP/SR condition underwent identical SP/SR training with pre/post assessments. Results indicate participation in intensive stand-alone mindfulness-based SP/SR resulted in favorable changes in measures operationalizing all variables. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for training and professional development of CBT therapists.
Recent developments in preparation, properties, and applications of superhydrophobic textiles
Authors: Xing Lili , Zhou Qingqing , Chen Guoqiang , Sun Gang , Xing Tieling
Published: April 2022

With the development of the material engineering and textile industry, superhydrophobic textiles have been an important category of superhydrophobic materials and have increasingly attracted the attentions of researchers. In recent years, many potential applications of these products have been explored by researchers. However, industrial production of the superhydrophobic textiles is still challenging to textile scientists and engineers, especially with increased environmental and human safety regulations. In this article, recent progress in the research and development of superhydrophobic textiles is reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of the preparation methods of superhydrophobic textiles are generalized. Potential applications of superhydrophobic textiles in industrial, medical, and civilian fields are summarized. The challenges faced in research on superhydrophobic textiles are analyzed, mainly including restrictions on the use of environmentally hazardous fluorocarbons and organic solvents, demand for durable functional stability, economic and technical limitations of textile wet processing industry. This article will provide some reference and inspiration for the design, optimization and application of superhydrophobic textiles.
Is Sex Tourism Intention Uncontrollable? The Moderating Effects of Ethics and Law
Authors: Jeong Ji Youn , Lee Kyung-Yur
Published: April 2022

This study explores one of the biggest social issues in South Korea, that is, sex tourism, which is illegal but remains in high demand. The study recruited a total of 1,003 respondents, whose responses were analyzed to understand their intentions for sex tourism. Study 1 revealed that sex tourism intention was largely influenced by subjective norms and moderated by ethical awareness and knowledge of illegality. In Study 2, sex tourism intention non-significantly differed across three scenarios of traveling, namely, to a general destination; to an area where prostitution is legal by local law; and with companions with positive opinions about sex tourism. However, Studies 3 and 4 found that the extent to which reminders and warnings about ethics and illegality reduced sex tourism intention differed according to the scenario. The results suggest that sex tourism intention is conditional and controllable, and, thus, government interventions are justified.
Two cases of extraluminal migration of fishbones into the thyroid gland and submandibular gland
Authors: Lee Tae-Hun , Park Sang-Wook , Ryu Somi , Cho Ki Ju , Won Seong Jun , Park Jung Je
Published: April 2022

Laryngopharyngeal or cervical pain following ingestion of foreign bodies is one of the most frequently encountered emergencies in otolaryngologic practice. Although most of these foreign bodies can be easily removed under laryngoscopic examination without any complications, surgical removal may be required when foreign bodies migrate extraluminally. This report describes two rare cases of ingested fishbones that had migrated, one each to the thyroid gland and submandibular gland. Extraluminal migration fishbones should always be considered in otolaryngologic clinics.
Negotiator Consistency, Counterpart Consistency, and Reciprocity in Behavior Across Partners: A Round-Robin Study
Authors: Anger Elfenbein Hillary , Curhan Jared R. , Eisenkraft Noah
Published: May 2022

This research takes a new perspective on the long-standing mystery of personality in negotiation, which has seen decades of null and inconsistent findings. Grounded in interactionist theories defining personality as consistency in behaviors when placed multiple times in the same situation, the investigation examines consistency in individuals’ behavioral profiles across negotiation partners. Such consistency supports efforts to identify enduring dispositions that can predict objective and subjective outcomes. A comprehensive set of behaviors related to negotiation was coded in a round-robin study using groups of four negotiators who each took turns working with each other person. Analysis using Kenny’s Social Relations Model revealed evidence for extensive actor effects (indicating consistency in negotiators’ behavior), as well as moderate partner effects (indicating consistency in counterparts’ behavior) and dyadic reciprocity (indicating similarity in the behavior of negotiators and counterparts). We conclude with optimism for investigating the effects of personality in negotiation.